bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On Finding Dexamine thea (Amphipoda, Dexaminidae) in the Ukrainian Territorial Waters (Crimea, Black Sea)
Authors: Grintsov V.
Published: July 2010

On Finding Dexamine thea (Amphipoda, Dexaminidae) in the Ukrainian Territorial Waters (Crimea, Black Sea)

Dexamine thea Boeck, 1861 (Amphipoda, Dexaminidae), the rare species never registered in the territorial waters of Ukraine, was first found in Laspi Bay, 40 km of Sevastopol (Crimea, Black Sea). 200 amphipods were examined and described. The pictures showing specific morphological characters are given. Sex and size structure of the community and characteristics of the biotope are discussed.
Supratentorial cavernous malformations in eloquent and deep locations: surgical approaches and outcomes
Authors: Chang Edward F. , Gabriel Rodney A. , Potts Matthew B. , Berger Mitchel S. , Lawton Michael T.
Published: July 2010

Object

Resection of cavernous malformations (CMs) located in functionally eloquent areas of the supratentorial compartment is controversial. Hemorrhage from untreated lesions can result in devastating neurological injury, but surgery has potentially serious risks. We hypothesized that an organized system of approaches can guide operative planning and lead to acceptable neurological outcomes in surgical patients.

Methods

The authors reviewed the presentation, surgery, and outcomes of 79 consecutive patients who underwent microresection of supratentorial CMs in eloquent and deep brain regions (basal ganglia [in 27 patients], sensorimotor cortex [in 23], language cortex [in 3], thalamus [in 6], visual cortex [in 10], and corpus callosum [in 10]). A total of 13 different microsurgical approaches were organized into 4 groups: superficial, lateral transsylvian, medial interhemispheric, and posterior approaches.

Results

The majority of patients (93.7%) were symptomatic. Hemorrhage with resulting focal neurological deficit was the most common presentation in 53 patients (67%). Complete resection, as determined by postoperative MR imaging, was achieved in 76 patients (96.2%). Overall, the functional neurological status of patients improved after microsurgical dissection at the time of discharge from the hospital and at follow-up. At 6 months, 64 patients (81.0%) were improved relative to their preoperative condition and 14 patients (17.7%) were unchanged. Good outcomes (modified Rankin Scale score ≤ 2, living independently) were achieved in 77 patients (97.4%). Multivariate analysis of demographic and surgical factors revealed that preoperative functional status was the only predictor of postoperative modified Rankin Scale score (OR 4.6, p = 0.001). Six patients (7.6%) had transient worsening of neurological examination after surgery, and 1 patient (1.3%) was permanently worse. There was no surgical mortality.

Conclusions

The authors present a system of 13 microsurgical approaches to 6 location targets with 4 general trajectories to facilitate safe access to supratentorial CMs in eloquent brain regions. Favorable neurological outcomes following microsurgical resection justify an aggressive surgical attitude toward these lesions.
Influence of magnetic field and wall slip conditions on steady flow between parallel flat wall and a long wavy wall with Soret effect
Authors: Muthuraj R. , Srinivas S.
Published: July 2010

The steady MHD flow in the presence of temperature dependent heat source in a viscous incompressible fluid bounded by a parallel flat wall and a long wavy wall is studied with heat and mass transfer, taking into account the thermal-diffusion (Soret) effects, when the no-slip condition at the channel wall in no longer valid.  An external uniform magnetic field and a uniform suction are applied perpendicular to the flat wall.  The walls are kept at different but constant temperatures. The velocity, temperature and concentration field have been evaluated numerically for various values of the parameters entering the problem.  The skin friction, rate of heat and mass transfer at the walls are obtained and discussed graphically. Keywords: Wavy wall; slip parameter; Sherwood number; suction parameter; Soret number DOI: 10.3329/jname.v6i2.3061
Gasification of Biochar from Empty Fruit Bunch in a Fluidized Bed Reactor
Authors: Mohd Salleh M. A. , Kisiki Nsamba Hussein , Yusuf H. M. , Ab Karim Ghani W. A. Wan
Published: July 2010

A biochar produced from empty fruit bunches (EFB) was gasified in a fluidized bed using air to determine gas yield, overall carbon conversion, gas quality, and composition as a function of temperature. The experiment was conducted in the temperature range of 500–850 °C. It was observed that biochar has the potential to replace coal as a gasification agent in power plants. Hydrogen gas from biochar was also optimized during the experiment. High temperatures favor H2 and CO formation. There was an increase of H2 over the temperature range from 500–850 °C from 5.53% to 27.97% (v/v), with a heating value of 30 kJ/g. The C conversion in the same temperature range increased from 76% to 84%. Therefore, there are great prospects for the use of biochar from EFB as an alternative fuel in power plants, as a renewable energy providing an alternative path to biofuels. Results from this work enable us to better understand syn gas production under high treatment temperatures.
Association between Chronic Arsenic Exposure and Nutritional Status among the Women of Child Bearing Age: A Case-Control Study in Bangladesh
Authors: Milton Abul H. , Shahidullah S. M. , Smith Wayne , Hossain Kazi S. , Hasan Ziaul , Ahmed Kazi T.
Published: July 2010

The role of nutritional factors in arsenic metabolism and toxicity is yet to be fully elucidated. A low protein diet results in decreased excretion of DMA and increased tissue retention of arsenic in experimental studies. Malnourished women carry a higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Chronic exposure to high arsenic (>50 µg/L) through drinking water also increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The synergistic effects (if any) of malnutrition and chronic arsenic exposure may worsen the adverse pregnancy outcomes. This population based case control study reports the association between chronic arsenic exposure and nutritional status among the rural women in Bangladesh. 348 cases (BMI < 18.5) and 360 controls (BMI 18.5–24.99) were recruited from a baseline survey conducted among 2,341 women. An excess risk for malnutrition was observed among the participants chronically exposed to higher concentrations of arsenic in drinking water after adjusting for potential confounders such as participant’s age, religion, education, monthly household income and history of oral contraceptive pills. Women exposed to arsenic >50 µg/L were at 1.9 times (Odds Ratio = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.1–3.6) increased risk of malnutrition compared to unexposed. The findings of this study suggest that chronic arsenic exposure is likely to contribute to poor nutritional status among women of 20–45 years.
Effect of Moisture on Powder Flow Properties of Theophylline
Authors: Sandler Niklas , Reiche Katharina , Heinämäki Jyrki , Yliruusi Jouko
Published: July 2010

Powder flow is influenced by environmental factors, such as moisture and static electricity, as well as powder related factors, such as morphology, size, size distribution, density, and surface area. Pharmaceutical solids may be exposed to water during storage in an atmosphere containing water vapor, or in a dosage form consisting of materials (e.g., excipients) that contain water and are capable of transferring in to other ingredients. The effect of moisture on powder flowability depends on the amount of water and its distribution. The aim of this work was to examine the effect of humidity on the flow properties of theophylline using information derived from solid-state analysis of the systems investigated.
Un aspect de la croissance : Le développement des bourgs aux confins du Poitou, de l'Anjou et de la Touraine (XIe et XIIe siècles)
Authors: Senséby Chantal
Published: July 2010

Résumé

L'abbaye bénédictine de Noyers fut fondée vers 1030- 1031 dans la vallée de la Vienne (Indre-et-Loire) en une zone rurale à mi-chemin des cités de Tours, Poitiers et Angers. Ses archives, complétées par celles des monastères proches, sont une source remarquable pour l'étude des bourgs. Tout d'abord, l'observation des usages de burgus comparés à ceux de villa, vicus, castrum et suburbium, montre qu'il n'y a pas équivalence entre ces termes. Le bourg est un quartier d'un castrum ou d'un vicus et se distingue du suburbium, espace proche d'une localité au développement spontané. L'analyse des actes permet ensuite de cerner les caractères spécifiques de cet habitat. Le bourg, quartier d'une localité préexistante, est établi sur un espace borné, dont la formation est planifiée dans le cadre d'une opération d'urbanisme par les seigneurs fonciers et banaux. Un bâtiment religieux en est l'élément premier. Inséré dans la seigneurie banale, le bourg n'est pas un espace de liberté pour ses habitants, même s'ils bénéficient d'avantages incontestables. Tous les bourgs ne sont pas des lieux d'échanges mais toutes les localités marchandes en sont dotées. Enfin, ces quartiers fondés pour 80% d'entre eux entre 1080 et 1111 répondent à des objectifs précis : reconstruire une région dévastée par les conflits, attirer et contrôler la population dans un contexte de croissance démographique et économique, mettre en valeur des terres et vivifier les courants d'échanges. Comme seules les agglomérations castrales qui cumulaient les fonctions militaires, judiciaires et commerciales eurent plusieurs bourgs, elles dominèrent dès le XIIe siècle le réseau des localités, fortement hiérarchisé désormais.
Temporalités électorales et temporalités décisionnelles. Du rapport au temps des élus à une sociologie des leaderships spatio-temporels
Authors: MARREL Guillaume , PAYRE Renaud
Published: July 2010

Cet article part d'une lecture des travaux de science sociale relatifs aux temporalités politiques pour proposer une démarche de recherche articulée autour de l'hypothèse d'une spécificité du rapport au temps des élus. Si l'élection est appréhendée comme le cadre temporel de référence de l'action politique, ce rapport au temps est principalement marqué par la précarité réglementaire du mandat et le travail individuel et collectif d'aménagement du risque électoral. Ce point de vue permet de se dégager des considérations généralisantes et normatives relatives à la spécificité du temps démocratique (incertitude, court-termisme, présentisme) et de proposer une première approche de l'aménagement des rythmes électoraux, « par le haut » autour des enjeux de la codification temporelle des mandats. Mais il autorise également un retour « par le bas » sur les différentes manières dont ont été saisies les relations entre les cadences électorales et les rythmes de l'aaion gouvernementale. Il s'agit moins de déterminer le sens et la nature de cette relation entre les notions de cycles, de configuration critique et de sentier de dépendance, que de proposer une observation de l'enchevêtrement des temporalités électorales et décisionnelles dans la gestion quotidienne des agendas individuels et collectifs, pour mieux saisir la production spatio-temporelle des leaderships.
L'exploitation artisanale de la corne de bovidés à l'époque gauloise : le témoignage des chevilles osseuses de corne de Levroux (Indre) / The use of cattle horn in the gaulish period: the evidence of horn cores from Levroux (indre)
Authors: Krausz Sophie
Published: July 2010

Substantial deposits of bovine horn-cores have been found at Levroux, as they have at numerous roman and medieval sites ; these provide the sole evidence of horn-working activity, as in this context the material itself does not survive. A study of the methods used to separate it from the core, considered with reference to modern techniques, has made it possible to assess the technical capacity of the craftsmen and the range of items produced. Archaeological analysis of these deposits has also enabled the identification of other crafts making use of animal products, such as tanning. Within the context of a wider study, the identification of these activities contributes to our understanding of socio-economic condition of sites in the process of urbanization.
La métallurgie du fer autour d'Avaricum (Bourges) dans l'Antiquité / Roman ironworking in the area of Avaricum (Bourges)
Authors: Dieudonné-Glad Nadine
Published: July 2010

The Bourges area is rich in traces of roman ironworking, many of which were identified in the 19h century. Research carried out for a (University) doctoral thesis has permitted a reassessment of this activity in the area of the Civitas capital. The systematic use of aerial photography, toponymy, field-walking and other methods has defined a concentration of relevant sites in the Allogny region, considerably altering the emphasis in their distribution within the Bourges area. The comparison of these results with Caesar's account of the siege of Avaricum and the study of inscriptions relating to iron mining has suggested some new hypotheses concerning the reasons for this concentration and on its legal status.
Le dépotoir des " Murgets ", à Tavers (Loiret) : étude de la céramique / A 3rd C. A.D. deposit of pottery at Tavers (Loiret)
Authors: Moireau Fabrice
Published: July 2010

Le mobilier céramique recueilli en 1965 dans une fosse-dépotoir de la villa gallo-romaine des " Murgets " (Tavers, Loiret) est du plus haut intérêt pour la connaissance des productions en vogue au début du IIIe siècle ap. J.-C. en Loire Moyenne.
Méthodes de prospections appliquées sur le site mégalithique de Changé à Saint-Piat (Eure-et-Loir) / Survey techniques used at the megalithic site at change (Saint-Piat, Eure-et-Loir)
Authors: Jagu Dominique , Hollier-Larousse Alain , Kermorvant Alain , Mourain Jean-Marc , Renaud Jean-Luc
Published: July 2010

A variety of complementary survey techniques (aerial, resistivity, close-contour and magnetometer) have been brought to bear on the megalithic funerary site of Changé at Saint-Piat (Eure-et-Loir), with the aim of understanding its extent and its paleogeographic environment. They show that the site was carefully selected and laid out during the neolithic period.
La nécropole du haut Moyen-Âge de La Mouline à Saint-Firmin-des-Prés (Loir-et-Cher) / The early medieval cemetery of "la Mouline " at Saint Firmin-des-Prés (Loir-et-Cher)
Authors: Burnell Simon , Lorans Elisabeth , Theureau Christian
Published: July 2010

La nécropole du haut Moyen-Âge de " La Mouline ", fouillée en sauvetage en 1987, est la première du département du Loir-et-Cher à avoir été explorée de façon aussi intensive, mais dans des conditions difficiles qui ont nécessairement affecté les méthodes d'analyse et les interprétations proposées. Environ deux cents tombes ont été reconnues, réparties pour l'essentiel entre sépultures en fosses et sarcophages et dont une faible part a livré des restes osseux significatifs ou du mobilier funéraire. Ces objets, dont la datation s'échelonne entre le début du VIe siècle et la seconde moitié du VIIe siècle, traduisent nettement des liens avec les régions plus éloignées du nord et de l'est plutôt qu'avec la moyenne vallée de la Loire. La détermination d'une chronologie relative permet de suggérer, avec prudence, un développement simultané de la nécropole en direction du nord et du sud à partir d'un noyau double. Par ailleurs, il existe quelques modestes indices de différences sociales au sein de la communauté inhumée. Il est probable qu'un ensemble de sépultures en fosses, dépourvues de tout mobilier et plus régulièrement orientées, dans la zone sud-ouest, représente la poursuite de l'utilisation de la nécropole au-delà du VIIe siècle. Enfin, l'analyse du site par rapport à son environnement local et régional inclut un réexamen des anciennes découvertes romaines tardives, à caractère germanique, du site tout proche de " Fosse-Darde ", pour lequel des informations supplémentaires sont publiées ici pour la première fois.
La prospection archéologique systématique sur le tracé de l'autoroute A 71 (section Bourges-sud du Cher). 2e partie / Systematic archaeological survey along the route of the A 71 motorway (section from Bourges to the southern limit of the department of the Cher) (Part two)
Authors: Ferdière Alain , Rialland Yannick
Published: July 2010

Between 1979 and 1983 the present authors carried out systematic survey preceding the construction of the A. 71 motorway (the section from Bourges to the southern limit of the department of the Cher). This was part of a comprehensive project which continued, until 1989, with test and the excavation of sites thus identified, watching-briefs and ultimately the analysis of the data obtained. Only the survey component is dealt with here ; the publication of the main excavations is to follow. At the time this was an experimental project with the aim of facilitating cooperation between archeologists and developers in the context of the large-scale works ; to test methods and techniques of survey best suited to various periods and conditions ; and as a multi-period study of settlement in this region of Berry (Champagne, the valley of the Cher and southern Boischaut) from prehistory to the present day, not forgetting landscape archeology and ethnographic aspects. Following on introduction to the theoretical frame-work of the project and the methods employed, the results are presented according to the different periods of human settlement.
Le site chasséen du plateau des Châtelliers à Amboise (Indre-et-Loire). Découverte et fouilles A. et S. Hogstrom (1954-1957) / The Chassey culture site on the plateau of les chatelliers at Amboise (Indre-et-Loire). the discovery and excavations by A. and S. Högström (1954-1957)
Authors: Cordier Gérard
Published: July 2010

Well known for many years for its Bronze Age hoard, its " oppidum ", its " tumulus " and its Gallic coins, the plateau of Les Châtelliers also incorporates a site of the Chassey Culture, which, forty years after its discovery, remains the most important evidence for this culture in the Loire region. Its general characteristics relate it to the Early Chassey Culture of the Paris Bassin. At the same time, certain features of its lithic industry pose problems which are not easily resolved in the present state of knowledge of the regional context. The site has also yielded a female idol without parallel among the twenty or so examples currently known from France.
Le répertoire décoratif de la céramique peinte gallo-romaine de Roanne (Loire) / The decoration of the painted gallo-roman pottery of Roanne (Loire)
Authors: Grand Karine
Published: July 2010

Studying the decoration of the Gallo-Roman painted pottery found (and manufactured) in Roanne reveals a traditional craft, retaining strong links with the preceding La Tène industry in terms of its sources of inspiration as well as the techniques deployed and the lack of standardization. The decorative patterns can be sorted into a limited repertory of compositions, but a high degree of variation is nevertheless achieved by a versatile use of secondary infilling motifs.
La fouille de l'ancien centre paroissial de Rigny (commune de Rigny-Ussé, Indre-et-Loire) — Deuxième rapport préliminaire (1992-1994) / Excavation of the former parish cemetery at Rigny (commune of Rigny-Ussé, Indre-et-Loire) - Second interim report (1992-1994)
Authors: Zadora-Rio Elisabeth , Galinié Henri
Published: July 2010

Le présent article, qui fait suite à un premier bilan paru dans la Revue Archéologique du Centre en 1992, présente les nouveaux acquis de la fouille du centre paroissial de Rigny. Celle-ci a révélé une occupation du site au cours du haut Moyen-Âge et montré que les premières sépultures remontent au moins au VIIIe-IXe s. ; elles sont donc bien antérieures à l'église qui subsiste actuellement et qui date du XIe-XIIe s.

Les recherches ont permis d'atteindre la limite de la zone d'inhumation au nord de l'église. Celle-ci a été reculée par étapes successives : la première réduction de l'espace funéraire est intervenue au XIIe-XIIIe s. et a été matérialisée, dès cette époque, par un mur de clôture. Jusqu'au XVe s., le cimetière a abrité quelques constructions à usage domestique ; à partir du XVIe s., il a été réservé exclusivement aux morts.

La fouille des presbytères successifs permet de reconstituer l'évolution de l'exploitation du curé depuis le XVe s. au moins jusqu'au XIXe s.
Le " Belloisien " jusque sur les bords de la Loire : les gisements du Paléolithique final de Muides-sur-Loire (Loir-et-Cher) / The "Belloisien" extending to the banks of the loire: the sites at Muides-sur-Loire (Loir-et-Cher)
Authors: Hantaï Anna
Published: July 2010

The technical and economic characteristics observed in the flint industries of the Upper Palaeolithic at Muides-sur-Loire suggest that the site witnessed an occupation that can be associated with the "Belloisien ". On the basis of the presence of a few microliths among the tool assemblage, fresh hypotheses are put forward regarding the cultural identity of these distinct diagnostic indicators of the Pleistocene-Holocene transition, which are well known from South-East England and the Somme Basin, and have just recently been identified west and south of the Paris Basin.
La céramique peinte d'un habitat de la Tène finale : les "Guignons" à Nanterre (Hauts-de-Seine) / Painted pottery from a late la Tène settlement: the "Guignons" at Nanterre (Hauts-de-Seine)
Authors: Pasquier Iliana
Published: July 2010

A Late La Tène seulement site was discovered during the construction-work for the A86 motorway at Nanterre (Hauts-de-Seine), with a number of painted pottery sherds being found among the artifacts. These finds are exceptional for the Paris Basin, and they merit an in-depth study. The article provides a catalogue of the pots and a classification of their forms and decoration. The assemblage thus analysed allows a suggested dating within their archaeological context, and reveals stylistic affinities with ceramic production in other regions of Gaul.
Sépultures Chasséenne et du Néolithique final à Ivry-Bords-de-Seine (Val-de-Marne, France). Résultats radiométriques, anthropologiques et paléopathologiques / Late Neolithique and chassean sepultures of Ivry-Bords-de-Seine's site (Val-de-Marne, France)
Authors: Hadjouis Djillali
Published: July 2010

Les fouilles préventives réalisées dans le cadre du projet Seine-Amont par le Laboratoire Départemental d'Archéologie du Val-de-Marne ont mis en évidence la présence d'indices archéologiques, notamment dans la confluence Seine-Marne, allant du Paléolithique moyen aux périodes médiévales. C'est dans ce cadre que les fouilles de l'été 1995 ont mis au jour des sépultures doubles et individuelles datées du Néolithique moyen et final en relation avec un habitat et un contexte paléoenvironnemental de fond de vallée en bordure de Seine.
Découverte de plusieurs statuettes de chevaux en bronze d'époque gallo-romaine à Chateaubleau (Seine-et-Marne) / Discovery of several bronze gallo-roman statuettes in Châteaubleau (Seine-et-Marne)
Authors: Bontrond Régis
Published: July 2010

Neuf statuettes de chevaux en bronze ont été découvertes en 1990 dans un puits cultuel gallo- romain à Châteaubleau. L'analyse stylistique de ces figures nous apporte de nombreux indices sur les particularités des chevaux de cette époque. Elles nous renseignent aussi sur certains aspects du culte d'Epona.
Un habitat rural du haut Moyen-Âge à Déols (Indre) / A settlement of the early Middle-Age at Déols (Indre)
Authors: Fouillet Nicolas
Published: July 2010

Découvert lors de sondages archéologiques préalables à la réalisation de l'autoroute A 20, le site du " Grand Brelay ", dans la commune de Déols (36), a révélé un vaste ensemble rural du haut Moyen- Âge. Deux zones d'habitat, délimitées par un réseau complexe de fossés et séparées par un chemin, ont pu être identifiées. Des fosses et des silos, en batterie ou isolés, ainsi que six sépultures, sont associés à l'habitat. La fouille a également mis au jour un four culinaire du bas Moyen-Âge dont la morphologie et l'état de conservation sont exceptionnels. La fouille a livré un important mobilier archéologique. L'étude du corpus céramique, daté par chrono-typologie régionale, ainsi que les datations par radiocarbone, permettent d'individualiser quatre phases d'occupation du site : protohistorique, antique, haut Moyen-Âge (VIIe s.-IXe s.) et bas Moyen-Âge. Toutefois, en raison de la pérennité des creusements dans l'espace investi et du faible taux de vestiges datés, il n'a pas été possible de déterminer une chronologie spatiale bien définie de l'occupation.
Étude expérimentale des lampes de La Garenne (Indre) / Experimental research for the lamps of the site "La Garenne" (Indre)
Authors: Rigaud André
Published: July 2010

Among the lamps of the site of " La Garenne ", four are of great dimensions and two of them in particular bear astoundingly fresh marks of use. As a supplement to the research carried out by different experimenters, we tried to find a rapid means of lighting these great lamps, followed by attempts to reproduce the characteristic traces of their use. The first series of experiments, using lichen wicks, failed to produce any traces of soot or of heat reddening of the "bowl ". However, it did allow the accidental discovery of two hitherto unknown types of wick: glowing wooden coals and spongy bones. These allowed a very rapid ignition and produced big flames. These big lamps, equipped with such rigid wicks, gave out much more light than a candle and left traces of use comparable to those observed on the Palaeolithic lamps. The radiated heat was such that they could well have served as an ad hoc heater to compensate any possible lack of plant-based fuels.
La fouille du site de Rigny, 7e-19e s. (commune de Rigny-Ussé, Indre-et-Loire) : l'habitat, les églises, le cimetière. Troisième et dernier rapport préliminaire (1995-1999) / The excavation of Rigny, C7th-19th (Cne Rigny-Ussé, Indre-et-Loire) : the settlement, churches and graveyard. 3rd and last preliminary report (1995-1999)
Authors: Zadora-Rio Elisabeth , Galinié Henri , Husi Philippe , Liard Morgane , Rodier Xavier , Theureau Christian
Published: July 2010

Les dernières campagnes de fouille (1995-1999) ont révélé l'importance de l'occupation du site au

cours du haut Moyen-Âge et permis d'identifier Rigny avec la colonica Riniaco mentionnée à la fin du 7e s. dans les Documents Comptables de Saint-Martin de Tours. Elles ont mis au jour deux grands bâtiments de pierre de la fin du 7e s., d'un type inédit, qui ont été interprétés comme des structures domaniales du monastère destinées au stockage de produits agricoles. L'existence d'une première église, mise au jour sous l'église actuelle, est attestée au cours de cette période. Une transformation radicale de l'occupation intervient au 8e s. : les bâtiments de pierre sont détruits, sans doute dès le début du siècle, et le site est voué alors à une utilisation presqu' exclusivement funéraire jusqu'au 11e s. La fouille a permis de retracer les fluctuations de l'emprise du cimetière, qui traduit l'évolution des relations des vivants avec leurs morts, du 8e au 19e s., de mettre en évidence les agrandissements successifs de l'église, vers la fin du 10e s. et au 1 le-12e s., d'étudier la mise en place du centre paroissial et d'analyser une série de bâtiments qui se sont succédé du 12e- 13e s. au 19e s. sur la partie désaffectée du cimetière et qui ont constitué d'abord deux, voire trois unités d'habitation avant d'être intégrés dans l'exploitation du curé, à partir du 16e s.
Les choix de logement des personnes âgées
Authors: Gobillon Laurent , Laferrère Anne
Published: July 2010

Laurent Gobillon Anne Laferrere Les choix de logement des personnes âgées. Cet article propose une synthèse de la littérature économique et de nouvelles pistes de recherche sur les choix de logement des personnes âgées. L'objectif est d'apporter des éclairages sur les avantages de la propriété occupante, l'investissement immobilier comme placement complémentaire de retraite, l'ajustement du logement aux nouveaux besoins liés à l'âge. Une approche formalisée est utilisée afin d'identifier les hypothèses minimales permettant de comprendre les comportements. Un modèle théorique part d'une représentation très simplifiée des choix de logement, et incorpore peu à peu des mécanismes plus complexes mais aussi plus réalistes. Nous illustrons les arguments développés avec des statistiques descriptives issues des enquêtes Logement.
La politique de diffusion de l'information : la transparence des banques centrales est-elle toujours préférable ?
Authors: Allegret Jean-Pierre , Cornand Camille
Published: July 2010

Communication Policy: is Central Bank Transparency Always Suitable? Transparency is one of the main pillars of central banks and international institutions. From their point of view, higher informational transparency improves their efficacy. The aim of this paper is to evaluate in what extent this strategy is beneficial or not. It proposes a survey of the literature based on coordination games. We show that an increase in informational transparency can lead to sub-optimal results. Indeed in providing a focal point for the beliefs of agents, public information facilitates coordination and so over-reaction behaviors. We do not deduce from this result that transparency is useless. We stress that it is necessary to adapt the communication policy to an environment characterized by strategic complementarities. To this end, we analyze several tools of information disclosure.
Quelle retraite pour les salariés suite aux réformes de 1993 et de 2003?
Authors: Debrand Thierry , Privât Anne-Gisèle
Published: July 2010

Thierry Debrand Anne-Gisèle Privât Quelle retraite pour les salariés suite aux réformes de 1993 et de 2003? Cet article analyse l'impact des réformes de 1993 et de 2003 à l'aide du modèle de microsimulation ARTÉ- MIS (Analyse des RetraiTes du secteur privÉ par MIcroSimulation). Les outils de microsimulation jouent un rôle important dans l'analyse des politiques publiques, et en particulier en matière d'étude des réformes des retraites. La première partie décrit brièvement le principe de la microsimulation dynamique, les données et les caractéristiques générales du modèle ARTÉMIS. La deuxième partie se concentre sur la mesure de l'effet des réformes des retraites au niveau global et au niveau individuel selon les générations et les niveaux de revenu. Même sans prendre en considération les changements de comportement d'âge de départ à la retraite, le modèle montre que les réformes intervenues depuis le début des années 90, devraient atteindre leurs objectifs au niveau global, c'est-à-dire que les dépenses de retraite seront fortement réduites. Mais les réformes ne réduisent que modestement l'accroissement du nombre de retraités, car l'âge de la retraite ne se modifie pas de manière conséquente. Il apparaît que les réformes de 1993 et de 2003 ont surtout un impact marqué sur le niveau moyen des pensions, et que ce sont les retraités titulaires des pensions les plus faibles qui sont en proportion les plus affectés.
La croissance économique est-elle un moyen de lutte contre la pollution ?
Authors: Nourry Myriam
Published: July 2010

Myriam Nouny La croissance économique est-elle un moyen de lutte contre la pollution ? Les enseignements de la courbe de Kuznets environnementale. La courbe de Kuznets environnementale (CKE) suggère qu'il existe une relation en U inversé entre la dégradation de l'environnement et le revenu par tête. Apparue au début des années 1 990 dans les travaux de Grossman et Krueger [1991] et de Shafik [1994], l'hypothèse de la CKE a depuis été réexaminée et approfondie d'un point de vue empirique et théorique. L'objectif de cette revue de la littérature est double. Premièrement, il s'agit d'étudier les principaux fondements théoriques de cette relation et de fournir un résumé des études empiriques de la CKE. Deuxièmement, nous décrivons les analyses cherchant à vérifier si la CKE est une conséquence automatique de la croissance économique, ou bien si d'autres facteurs économiques, sociaux ou institutionnels ont un impact sur la relation croissance-environnement. Au final, cette présentation permettra de mettre en évidence les politiques favorisant un développement durable.
Le facteur religieux et l'intégration des étrangers en France, 1919-1939
Authors: Schor Ralph
Published: July 2010

The religious factor and the integration of foreigners in France (1919-1939), Ralph Schor.

In interwar France, two-thirds of the immigrant population came from strongly Catholic countries. Did the religious factor, under such conditions, play an important role in the processes of integration or rejection ? The great diversity of religious behavior among the indigenous and the newly arrived made diversity of situations the rule.
L'amour de la patrie dans Le temps retrouvé de Marcel Proust
Authors: Cochet Annick
Published: July 2010

Love of the fatherland in Marcel Proust's « Le temps retrouvé », Annick Cochet.

Proust denied any documentary value to art and the characters of Le temps retrouvé have only a partial and relative view of the First World War. The analysis of the novel is nevertheless a mine of observations which the historian can use profitably : on " Parisian life " in the rear, on the manipulations of public opinion, on naive or carefully cultivated love, on the Fatherland. Heroes, egoists, or simple " good people ", the characters of Le temps retrouvé reveal a lot about the minds of French people at war and about the emergence of a system of control of social representations which were to have so many successors throughout the history of the 20th century.
Le marché publicitaire français et les grands médias (1918-1970)
Authors: Martin Marc
Published: July 2010

The French advertising market and the major media 1918-1970, Marc Martin.

In the 1930s, the French advertising market found its outlets mostly in the written press, though posters and the fledgling radio played a non-negligible part. After the war, professionalism grew. In the 1960s, France truly entered the advertising era with news magazines and television. All of this had an effect on the uniformization of the written press.
La résistance juive en France. De l'enjeu de mémoire à l'histoire critique
Authors: Lévy Claude
Published: July 2010

The Jewish resistance in France. From the stake of memory to critical history, Claude Levy.

The Jewish Resistance was long a poorly-known phenomenon. For about 10 years, however, there has been a historiographic renewal, in which ideological considerations, memory and the concern for critical analysis collide. Three major questions channel the debates : did these resistants volunteer because they were Jewish or were they undistinguishable from other resistants, particularly within the Communist resistance ? What were the limits of that resistance ? Must one include the saving of the victims meant for deportation ? Lastly, were there forms of resistance with specifically Jewish aims, such as attempting to check extermination ?
Nationalisme et réactions fondamentalistes en France. Mythologies identitaires et ressentiment antimoderne
Authors: Taguieff Pierre-André
Published: July 2010

Nationalism and fundamentalist reactions in France. Mythologies of identity and anti-modern resentment, Pierre-André Taguieff.

The " traditional-nationalist " component plays a major role today in reactionary doctrines in France, particularly in that of the Front National. Its theoretical definition requires a combination of three concepts : the ideal type of nationalism defined by Isaiah Berlin, resentment, analyzed by Talcott Parsons and secular religion, inspired by Serge Moscovici. This theoretical construction, applied to the discourse of Catholic traditionalism, reveals the constant features of this doctrine since the end of the 19th century, based on an anti-modernity mythology, and makes it possible to analyse the set of arguments that an overly rational vision prevents from grasping at first view.
Les premier mai du front populaire en province (1936-1939)
Authors: Prost Antoine
Published: July 2010

The Popular Front May Day in the provinces (1936-1939), Antoine Prost.

During the Popular Front, were May Day celebrations special in scope or contents ? The analysis of provincial May Days reveals a curve which began with growing mobilization in 1936 registered an apparent triumph in 1937 and 1938, and ended with a noticeable decrease in 1939. Beyond the particular problems of trade union and political conditions, there was a deeper change : in the late 1930s, the first of May celebration had become less a protest than the expression of an identity, and, little by little, a holiday « like any other ».
Les premières coupes du monde, ou l'installation du sport moderne
Authors: Vigarello Georges
Published: July 2010

The first world cups or the beginnings of modern sport, Georges Vigarello.

World cup history teaches us how deeply soccer belongs to our social development. As it is responsive to mythical investment, it easily provides support to imaginary dynamics as well as to national fanaticism. Its history, moreover, shows the formation of the link between sport and the transformation of the economie landscape, between the presence of more and more supporters at games and the growth of mass tourism. It shows above all the development of a consumption item in which practice and profit become rapidly indissociable.
Tuberculose et montagne. Naissance d'un mythe
Authors: Guillaume Pierre
Published: July 2010

Tubercolisis and the mountains : the birth of a myth, Pierre Guillaume.

The quality of The Magic Mountain, Thomas Mann's great novel, contributed subs- tantially to the idea that sanatoria should be located in the mountains for highest therapeutic efficacy. Mountain establishments never actually provided the majority of tubercolosis treatment centers. The myth took root, in spite of the obvious gap with reality, because of the connection established between the places of care for the wealthy and the mediocrity of the hospitals to which less comfortable patients were admitted. The mountain sanatorium was for many tubercolosis patients an impossible dream, the ideal place to which they could have escaped from the constraints and miseries of public hospitals. Because they were strictly defined medically and socially, the mountain sanatoria were a mirage for many sick people, a theme popularized by a certain type of mass literature.
Le Liban et l'occident. Récit d'un parcours
Authors: Laurens Henry
Published: July 2010

Lebanon and the West, a tale of an itinerary, Henry Laurens.

How did the loss of a century-old communication between the Lebanese land and the West occur ? Despite an undeniable democratie experience, a free press and a dynamic cultural life, Lebanon ceased after 1945 to appear as the western outpost in the Orient, the indispensable intermediary it had always wanted to be. It is not possible to blame this disinvestment on ' Arab face ' which was only one of the aspects of its reality. The belated Phoenician affirmation shows that the break cannot be imputed to the Lebanese alone, especially since it would appear that the West could not have two respondents in the Orient. The state of Israël was able to capture the images and imaginations of the West, while reminding it of its responsibility in the catastrophe that led to its birth. This left no place for Lebanon, which could slide into barbarianism.
Les accords d'Évian (1962)
Authors: Ageron Charles-Robert
Published: July 2010

The Evian agreements (1962), Charles-Kobert Ageron.

The Evian agreements ended the Algerian War. They are still, 30 years later, a subject of dispute. This article proposes a detailed and serene description of the negotiations and then shows their content. The author also analyzes the two wagers which they meant. The first one, that of on eventual reconciliation between communities in an independant Algeria, was lost when the OAS and the FLN fomented insecurity in the second half of 1962. The second wager was that of cooperation between France and Algeria, which held better than generally accorded.
Le retour de l'histoire en Europe centrale
Authors: Rupnik Jacques
Published: July 2010

The return of history in Central Europe, Jacques Kupnik.

Revolution or restoration ? The fall of communism raises the question of the relationship that the peoples of Central Europe in their search for guidelines and their identity, have with their history. But in this race for symbols and the reappropriation of the past, many tensions illustrate the temptation to use a partial vision of history to legitimize a partial present. Faced with a strong social demand, historians have their hands full to help doubting societies to claim their past.
Un syndicalisme des classes moyennes. La confédération générale des petites et moyennes entreprises
Authors: Guillaume Sylvie
Published: July 2010

Middle class unionism. The CFPME, Sylvie Guillaume.

It was the Confédération générale des petites et moyennes entreprises, the small and medium business federation, launched in 1944 and over which Léon Gingembre reigned, which contributed to defining the social category of small businesmen, not the reverse. By converting demonstrations to regular and pacified negotiation, this trade unionism played its full rôle as a social institution : the fact is rare enough in French society to be noted.
Document : l'ensemble concentrationnaire de Norilsk en 1951
Authors: Werth Nicolas
Published: July 2010

The Norilsk concentration camp complex in 1951, Nicolas Werth.

A report on the situation of the Norilsk work camp in 1951. Living conditions, the various categories of prisoners and the increasingly delicate problems that the camp guards had to deal with (safety, work surveillance) are described in minute detail. In a certain way, the revolt which was to break out in 1953 is already present.
Des coups de canons dans le vide ? La "civilisation occidentale" dans les universités américaines
Authors: Lacorne Denis
Published: July 2010

Aimless canon shots "Western civilization" in American universities, Denis Lacorne.

The crisis of the American university, frequently denounced in the late 1980s, was supposed to be linked to the new pedagogical practices of the "modernists" and the "traditionalists". The former were said to be attempting to wean students from their western roots in the name of a proper multiculturalism; the latter advocated recourse to western tradition's great classics. Loudly denounced by the media, the opposition between modernists and traditionalists is highly exaggerated. Precise examples show that reference to the western canon keeps its predominant place in spite of the pressure of multicultural militants. But it is true that a new discourse is forming, based on the comparison of knowledge of "remote" cultures and the contribution of modem anthropology. Well handled, this discourse should enrich "civilization" programs.
La mémoire de la guerre et le fascisme italien
Authors: Corner Paul
Published: July 2010

The memory of the war and Italian fascism, Paul Corner.

"Without the First World War, there would have been no Italian fascism". This obvious truth risks to make us lose sight of the need to reflect on the place of war in the fascist mechanism : born of the war, fascism never stopped playing war so as to strengthen and justify its power.
Racisme et discrimination dans la politique française de l'immigration : 1938-1945/1974-1995
Authors: Weil Patrick
Published: July 2010

Racism and discrimination in France's immigration policy: 1938-1945, Patrick Weil.

Since it was designed in the 1930s as a public policy, State action concerning immigration took in France several paths. Between the Third Republic and the Vichy regime, between Vichy and 1945, and between 1945 and 1978, continuities are complex but take up, in various ways, the concept of the immigrants' different potential for assimilation according to origins. In order to follow the itinerary of a French "racialism" of which Georges Mau- co was the herald, it is necessary to take into account the actors' writings and statements as well as the framework of the individual, collective and institutional logic.
Au nom du nom. La fin du parti communiste italien et la naissance du parti de la refondation communiste
Authors: Dormagen Jean-Yves
Published: July 2010

In the name of the name, or the end of the Italian Communist Party and the birth of the Party of communist refounding, Jean-Yves Dormagen.

On November 11, 1989, Achille Occhetto, the General Secretary of the PCI, announced publicly, without having warned the other leaders, that the largest West European communist party was going to change its name and symbols. The extraordinary emotion that this declaration caused in the party's sections showed that the term "communist" constituted for tens of thousand of militants a necessary and inviolable sign of recognition around which a coherent and unified identity was formed. The symbolic manipulations and the liturgic confrontation that the partisans and opponents of the PCFs transformation would resort to for nearly two years represents exceptional material from which to analyse how collective identities are created.
Mutualité/sécurité sociale : un couple sous tension
Authors: Gibaud Bernard
Published: July 2010

Mutuality and social security: a tense couple, Bernard Gibaud.

It took several years for mutualist circles to rally to the social security regime instituted by the French ordinance of October 4, 1945. Their hostility to the principle of compulsory insurance, inherited from the 19th century, came partly from their fear of losing the preponderant place that the laws of 1928-1930 on social insurance had given them. The 1945 clash was strong also because the proponents and the opponents of the unified regime were convinced that it would rapidly lead to the decline of mutualism. Pragmatism won however over principles. As early as the 1940s, it was within the new regime that the modernization of mutualism was designed with the civil servants' mutuals providing the impetus. The resuit of difficult negotiations, the 1947 law on the social protection of civil servants opened the way to the progressive affirmation of the mutuality-social security link as one of the principal guarantees of the solidity of the French System of social protection.
L'architecture entre culture et équipement (1965-1995)
Authors: Lengereau Eric
Published: July 2010

Architecture between Culture and Public Works, Eric Lengereau.

The ministry of Culture in 1995 again received the responsibility of French architectural policy, previously given to the ministry of Public Works. This text deals with a few of the stakes of a complex and fascinating history that is still to be written: that of the profession of architect, recognized under Vichy, upheaved in May 1968 and forever after unstable.
L'histoire des politiques culturelles des villes
Authors: Poirrier Philippe
Published: July 2010

The history of cities' cultural policies, Philippe Poivrier.

At the crossroads of the renewal of political history and cultural history, a new research area has been open to historians after a heavy occupation of the land by sociologists and political scientists. The article goes into the methodological stakes that accompany the examination of this public treatment of culture. A new approach of the social stakes of our societies could take effect, by giving to contemporary history a goal that has not been very much in evidence until now: the well-argued study of locality.
Radio-Canada et la promotion de la culture francophone (1936-1997)
Authors: Luneau Aurélie
Published: July 2010

Radio-Canada and the Promotion of Francophone Culture (1936-1997), Aurélie Luneau.

In the service of 6.5 million Francophones, Radio-Canada (SRC) has been fighting since 1936 against Anglophone assimilation. From the promotion of Francophone artistic talents to the Frenchification of sport vocabulary, the defense of French culturs has been accompanied by a constant effort to assure the literary quality of the spoken language. The French spoken on the SRC today plays the role of language reference. But the undertaking has been suffering since 1986 by a budget squeeze, to the extent of seeing its mission put into question.