bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MICROWAVE ABSORPTION STUDIES ON HIGH-Tc SUPERCONDUCTORS AND RELATED MATERIALS V-ANOMALOUS BEHAVIOR OF LOW MAGNETIC FIELD MICROWAVE ABSORPTION IN AN ULTRA-THIN Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O FILM
Authors: SUGAWARA K. , SUGIMOTO T. , BAAR D.J. , SHIOHARA Y. , TANAKA S.
Published: November 2004

Non-resonant microwave absorption (NRMA) studies have been done on a 100 Å thick Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O film fabricated on MgO substrate by MOCVD. Temperature dependence of NRMA intensity reveals that the intensity becomes maximum at around 30 K, 40 K and 55 K, and minimum at around 35 K and 50 K. The sign (or phase) of the signal changes by passing through these intensity minimum temperatures. Furthermore, the linewidths of the NRMA signals anomalously increase in the vicinity of these temperatures.
REGULARITIES AND SINGULARITIES IN LINE PICTURES
Authors: SIMON J. C. , BARET O.
Published: November 2004

The main difficulty in pattern recognition is the interpretation of the iconic picture, which consists of pixels, into primitive features. The definition of a feature classification as regular or singular recalled and justified. These ideas are applied to line images, and particularly to handwritten words. A regular feature, the axis, is found on the graph representation of a word. It allows segmentation of the word representation and the obtaining of a descriptive chain. Examples of such symbolic descriptions are given with their interpretations as words from a list of 25. The results show 87% success and 3% substitution rates for the handwriting of one person. Preliminary results show that it may be extended to large categories of handwritings.
KNOWLEDGE-BASED RECOGNITION OF TYPED TEXT CHARACTERS
Authors: BOURBAKIS N. G. , GUMAHAD A. T.
Published: November 2004

The efficient recognition of typed characters is one of the interesting topics of research with significant application merit in the computerized administration and library domains. In this paper, we present the results of a non-conventional text character extraction technique, called the Horizontal–Vertical Projections (HVP) method. The development of a knowledge base by using Fourier Transform as a tool which creates the characters' main features for the knowledge base, improves the performance of the HVP as a text character recognition technique. Various problems and their solutions are discussed with the presentation of the knowledge-based character recognition process.
A CONNECTIONIST INCREMENTAL EXPERT SYSTEM COMBINING PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND ASSOCIATIVE MEMORY
Authors: YIN HONG FENG , LIANG PING
Published: November 2004

A connectionist expert system model is proposed in this paper. The system combines the capability of production systems and associative memory. Rules are explicitly represented within a network structure. The Perceptron algorithm is generalized to include samples with uncertain components. A gradually-augmented-node learning algorithm is used to guarantee fast memorization of all rules. The convergence of the learning algorithms is analyzed. The system has a dynamic knowledge organization and adapts in real time to acquire new knowledge, or to relearn existing knowledge, through interaction with the user. This allows the system to be built incrementally. An example system is presented.
PUZZLE GRAMMARS AND CONTEXT-FREE ARRAY GRAMMARS
Authors: NIVAT M. , SAOUDI A. , SUBRAMANIAN K. G. , SIROMONEY R. , DARE V. R.
Published: November 2004

We introduce a new model for generating finite, digitized, connected pictures called puzzle grammars and study its generative power by comparison with array grammars. We note how this model generalizes the classical Chomskian grammars and study the effect of direction-independent rewriting rules. We prove that regular control does not increase the power of basic puzzle grammars. We show that for basic and context-free puzzle grammars, the membership problem is NP-complete and the emptiness problem is undecidable.
3-D STRUCTURE INFERENCE FROM IMAGE SEQUENCES
Authors: ARBOGAST EMMANUEL , MOHR ROGER
Published: November 2004

We prove here that the observation of occluding contours together with a movement of the camera permits the reconstruction of an observed surface. This result is demonstrated under very light constraints, generalizing previous results. Thus, the technique presented can be applied with any movement of the camera, under perspective projection, with surface C1 by parts or even with lines of discontinuity. It allows recovery of the structure of three-dimensional shapes with complex surfaces.
THE ORGANIZATIONAL IMPACT OF INTEGRATING MULTIPLE TOOLS
Authors: PAPAZOGLOU MIKE P. , MARINOS LOUIS , BOURBAKIS NIKOLAOS G.
Published: November 2004

This paper elaborates on the data modeling and data sharing issues that arise when developing and interconnecting modern software development environments. It primarily focuses on the investigation of adjoined object management issues for tool integration, software development environment extensibility, and interconnectivity.
AUTOMATIC, RAPID GENERATION OF DESIGN PROTOTYPES FROM LOGIC SPECIFICATIONS
Authors: BOBBIE PATRICK O.
Published: November 2004

This article is on a methodology for eliciting and verifying the correctness of domain knowledge using propositional logic. The domain knowledge is further structured and organized into subdomains of objects to facilitate an automatic and rapid development of design prototypes. The philosophy of the design paradigm is threefold: 1) focus the development of software requirements specifications on a set of objects and a set of relationships; 2) establish theorems about the interrelationships of the objects, prove the correctness of the theorems, construct software architectural models based on the transitivity of the theorems, and decompose the models into clusters of objects; and 3) employ object-oriented design techniques to generate prototypes of object classes from the resultant clusters. A prototype generator has been implemented to realize these goals. The significant contributions of this paper are: 1) limiting the contents of the specifications to objects and relationships and mapping this dual basis approach into formalisms of logic to derive and verify the abstract interdependencies of the objects; and 2) modeling, decomposing, and clustering the objects into common classes to facilitate a modular design.
ELIMINATING EXTRANEOUS SOLUTIONS IN CURVE AND SURFACE OPERATIONS
Authors: HOFFMANN CHRISTOPH M. , VERMEER PAMELA J.
Published: November 2004

We study exact representations for offset curves and surfaces, for equal-distance curves and surfaces, and for fixed- and variable-radius blending surfaces. The representations are systems of nonlinear equations that define the curves and surfaces as natural projections from a higher-dimensional space into 3-space. We show that the systems derived by naively translating the geometric constraints defining the curves and surfaces can entail degeneracies that result in additional solutions that have no geometric significance. We characterize these extraneous solution points geometrically, and then augment the systems with auxiliary equations of a uniform structure that exclude all extraneous solutions. Thereby, we arrive at representations that capture the geometric intent of the curve and surface definitions precisely.
A CONNECTION BETWEEN FREE AND CLASSICAL INFINITE DIVISIBILITY
Authors: BARNDORFF-NIELSEN O. E. , THORBJØRNSEN S.
Published: November 2004

In this paper we continue our studies, initiated in Refs. 2–4, of the connections between the classes of infinitely divisible probability measures in classical and in free probability. We show that the free cumulant transform of any freely infinitely divisible probability measure equals the classical cumulant transform of a certain classically infinitely divisible probability measure, and we give several characterizations of the latter measure, including an interpretation in terms of stochastic integration. We find, furthermore, an alternative definition of the Bercovici–Pata bijection, which passes directly from the classical to the free cumulant transform, without passing through the Lévy–Khintchine representations (classical and free, respectively).
VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF FLEXIBLE BEAM UNDERGOING BOTH GLOBAL MOTION AND ELASTIC DEFORMATION
Authors: LEUNG A. Y. T. , WU G. R. , ZHONG W. F.
Published: November 2004

In this paper, the forced vibration of a flexible beam undergoing both global motion and elastic deformation is investigated. The deformation field of the beam is described by its exact linear vibration modes. The coupled nonlinear equation which takes into account the stiffening effect is derived by applying the Lagrange equation for the moving beam. Based on the Newmark direct integration method and the Newton–Raphson iteration method, the computational procedures of the numerical method for solving the nonlinear equation are given. The simulation result of the rotating blade is compared with the others to demonstrate the efficiency of the present method.
SOLUTIONS TO ${\bar\partial}$-EQUATION ON STRONGLY q-CONVEX DOMAINS WITH Lp-ESTIMATES
Authors: ABDELKADER OSAMA , KHIDR SHABAN
Published: November 2004

The purpose of this paper is to construct a solution with Lp-estimates, 1≤p≤∞, to the equation [Formula: see text] on strongly q-convex domain of Kähler manifold. This is done for forms of type (n,s), s≥ max (q,k), with values in a holomorphic vector bundle which is Nakano semi-positive of type k and for forms of type (0,s), q≤s≤n-k, with values in a holomorphic vector bundle which is Nakano semi-negative of type k.
PHYSICS OPPORTUNITIES WITH A TEV LINEAR COLLIDER
Authors: Dawson Sally , Oreglia Mark
Published: November 2004

▪ Abstract  We discuss the physics motivations for building a 500 GeV–1 TeV electron-positron linear collider. The state-of-the-art collider technologies and the physics-driven machine parameters are discussed. Some of the phenomena well suited to study at a linear collider are described, including Higgs bosons, supersymmetry, other extensions to the standard model, and cosmology.
Mannose-binding lectin enhances phagocytosis and killing ofNeisseria meningitidisby human macrophages
Authors: Jack Dominic L , Lee Margaret E , Turner Malcolm W , Klein Nigel J , Read Robert C
Published: November 2004

Deficiency of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is probably the most common human immunodeficiency and is associated with an increased risk of mucosally acquired infections including meningococcal disease. Tissue macrophages are an important component of mucosal defense, and so we determined the effect of MBL on uptake of meningococci by human monocyte-derived macrophages. Opsonization with MBL significantly increased the capture and doubled the amount of internalization of Neisseria meningitidis. Inhibition of f-actin polymerization indicated that MBL exerted this effect by a dose-dependent acceleration of uptake into phagosomes, which was maximal within the normal physiological concentration of MBL (1.5 μg/ml) and was independent of scavenger receptors. MBL accelerated the acquisition and subsequent loss of the early endosome marker, early endosomal antigen-1, and enhanced the acquisition of the late endosomal marker, lysosome-associated membrane protein-1. MBL reduced the survival of meningococci within macrophages by more than half, despite the increased uptake of organisms, and significantly reduced the number of viable extracellular bacteria by 80%. We conclude that MBL is a dependent opsonin able to accelerate microbial uptake and killing. These results suggest that MBL could modify disease susceptibility by modulating macrophage interactions with mucosal organisms at the site of initial acquisition.
Select forms of tumor cell apoptosis induce dendritic cell maturation
Authors: Demaria Sandra , Santori Fabio R , Ng Bruce , Liebes Leonard , Formenti Silvia C , Vukmanovic Stanislav
Published: November 2004

Dendritic cells (DC) play a crucial role in initiating immune responses to tumors. DC can efficiently present antigens from apoptotic tumor cells, but apoptotic cells are thought to lack the inflammatory signals required to induce DC maturation. Here, we show that apoptosis of 67NR mouse carcinoma cells via the Fas (CD95) pathway or induced by the anticancer drug bortezomib (PS-341) but not by ultraviolet irradiation is associated with the production of maturation signals for DC. These data have important implications for the effects of chemotherapy on antitumor immunity in solid and hematologic malignancies.
The NHS International Fellowship Scheme in Psychiatry: robbing the poor to pay the rich?
Authors: Khan Murad M.
Published: November 2004

The NHS International Fellowship Scheme was launched in 2003 to recruit doctors from outside the UK to fill the shortage of doctors in the NHS. While the intended and stated primary purpose was to fill the service needs of the NHS, a secondary purpose appeared to be the opportunity the scheme would offer to overseas doctors to work in a ‘unique health care system’ (Goldberg, 2003). Doctors would be appointed at consultant level in the NHS for a maximum period of 2 years.
Copy Number of Chromosome 17 but Not HER2 Amplification Predicts Clinical Outcome of Patients With Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Stoecklein Nikolas H. , Luebke Andreas M. , Erbersdobler Andreas , Knoefel Wolfram T. , Schraut Winfried , Verde Pablo E. , Stern Franziska , Scheunemann Peter , Peiper Matthias , Eisenberger Claus F. , Izbicki Jakob R. , Klein Christoph A. , Hosch Stefan B.
Published: November 2004

Purpose

To determine the frequency and the potential clinical use of HER2 (17q21) gene amplification and chromosome 17 aneuploidy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Materials and Methods

Serial tissue sections of 50 resected PDACs were analyzed with chromogenic in situ hybridization using locus-specific HER2 probes and centromeric probes for chromosome 17. Centromeric probes for chromosome 7 and 8 were hybridized to confirm ploidy levels. Expression of HER2 protein was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Correlations of experimental findings with clinical and follow-up data were tested.

Results

The HER2 gene locus was frequently (24%) amplified in PDAC and the rate of overexpression (2+ and 3+) was 10%, but no prognostic significance was found. Copy number analysis of chromosomes 7, 8, and 17 revealed disomic (40%), trisomic (36%), and hypertetrasomic (24%) tumors. Compared with patients with disomic tumors, patients with hypertetrasomic tumors exhibited a significantly decreased relapse-free and overall survival (5.0 v 13.0 months, P = .0144 and 7.0 v 20.0 months, P = .0099, respectively). Multivariate analysis confirmed the independent prognostic significance of hypertetrasomy.

Conclusion

Tumor ploidy levels correlate with prognosis of PDAC patients, indicating characteristic biologic properties of PDAC with high chromosomal instability. In contrast, no prognostic influence on patient outcome was found for the amplification of the HER2 oncogene or p185HER2 overexpression. Therefore, evaluation of ploidy levels offers new opportunities for patient stratification in clinical trials and enables novel approaches to study the well-known aggressiveness of PDAC.
Preservation of positive and negative orthant dependence concepts under mixtures and applications
Authors: Belzunce Félix , Semeraro Patrizia
Published: November 2004

In this paper we consider some dependence properties and orders among multivariate distributions, and we study their preservation under mixtures. Applications of these results in reliability, risk theory, and mixtures of discrete distributions are provided.
A Lindley-type equation arising from a carousel problem
Authors: Vlasiou M. , Adan I. J. B. F. , Wessels J.
Published: November 2004

In this paper we consider a system with two carousels operated by one picker. The items to be picked are randomly located on the carousels and the pick times follow a phase-type distribution. The picker alternates between the two carousels, picking one item at a time. Important performance characteristics are the waiting time of the picker and the throughput of the two carousels. The waiting time of the picker satisfies an equation very similar to Lindley's equation for the waiting time in the PH/U/1 queue. Although the latter equation has no simple solution, we show that the one for the waiting time of the picker can be solved explicitly. Furthermore, it is well known that the mean waiting time in the PH/U/1 queue depends on the complete interarrival time distribution, but numerical results show that, for the carousel system, the mean waiting time and throughput are rather insensitive to the pick-time distribution.
Experiential Shamanism in the College Classroom: Rewards and Challenges
Authors: Conton Leslie
Published: November 2004

A brief description of an experiential approach to teaching shamanism and its pedagogical rewards is followed by a cautionary tale, detailing some challenges inherent in such experiential teaching in the public university environment. Issues addressed include the concerns of ethnic minorities, questions concerning the teaching of "religion,” pegagogical concerns, and issues of sufficient teacher training.
The Psychosocial Consequences of Natural and Alienated Labor
Authors: Jacobson Claire
Published: November 2004

The Psychosocial Consequences of Natural and Alienated Labor. Michael L. Schwalbe. State University of New York Press, Albany, 1986 266 pp. paper $17.95
Symmetry preserving algorithm for large displacement frictionless contact by the pre‐discretization penalty method
Authors: Gabriel D. , Plešek J. , Ulbin M.
Published: November 2004

A three‐dimensional contact algorithm based on the pre‐discretization penalty method is presented. Using the pre‐discretization formulation gives rise to contact searching performed at the surface Gaussian integration points. It is shown that the proposed method is consistent with the continuum formulation of the problem and allows an easy incorporation of higher‐order elements with midside nodes to the analysis. Moreover, a symmetric treatment of mutually contacting surfaces is preserved even under large displacement increments. The proposed algorithm utilizes the BFGS method modified for constrained non‐linear systems. The effectiveness of quadratic isoparametric elements in contact analysis is tested in terms of numerical examples verified by analytical solutions and experimental measurements. The symmetry of the algorithm is clearly manifested in the problem of impact of two elastic cylinders. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A universal measure of the conformity of a mesh with respect to an anisotropic metric field
Authors: Labbé P. , Dompierre J. , Vallet M.‐G. , Guibault F. , Trépanier J.‐Y.
Published: November 2004

In this paper, a method is presented to measure the non‐conformity of a mesh with respect to a size specification map given in the form of a Riemannian metric. The measure evaluates the difference between the metric tensor of a simplex of the mesh and the metric tensor specified on the size specification map. This measure is universal because it is a unique, dimensionless number which characterizes either a single simplex of a mesh or a whole mesh, both in size and in shape, be it isotropic or anisotropic, coarse or fine, in a small or a big domain, in two or three dimensions. This measure is important because it can compare any two meshes in order to determine unequivocally which of them is better. Analytical and numerical examples illustrate the behaviour of this measure. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quality of life in patients receiving treatment for gynecologic malignancies: Special considerations for patient care
Authors: Wenzel L. , Vergote I. , Cella D.
Published: November 2004

Advances in the treatment of gynecologic cancer have extended the duration of survival of many patients. However, these patients frequently experience a variety of treatment‐ and disease‐related side effects that diminish their quality of life (QOL) during and after treatment; among these are pain, nausea and vomiting, anemia, fatigue, peripheral neuropathy, emotional distress, and sexual dysfunction. Given the gains in survival time, patient care is being expanded to include enhancement or preservation of QOL in addition to early diagnosis and disease treatment, thus treating the whole person. In parallel with this evolution in cancer care, supportive measures are being increasingly recognized as crucial to effective patient management. This paper reviews some of the potential causes of diminished QOL in gynecologic cancer patients and basic treatment strategies for their control, with a focus on short‐term QOL issues. It is important that clinicians monitor QOL during the course of the disease and its treatment, utilize procedures and therapeutic agents that take patient preferences and QOL into account, and proactively prevent ant treat relevant symptoms.
CONTINUOUS BACKGROUNDS IN PIXE
Authors: ISHII KEIZO , MORITA SUSUMU
Published: November 2004

Continuous X rays produced by light-ion·atom collisions, which mainly form continuous backgrounds and determine the detection limit of PIXE, have been experimentally and theoretically studied, and it is shown that the experimental results over the wide range of projectile-ion energy from 0.5 MeV to 40 MeV can be well explained by three kinds of radiative process: atomic bremsstrahlung (AB), secondary-electron bremsstrahlung (SEB), and quasifree electron bremsstrahlung (QFEB). Results on the X-ray spectra, the projectile-energy dependence and the projectile-charge dependence, and on the angular distribution of these bremsstrahlungs will be summarized and the importance of AB in heavy-ion atom collision is presented. Discussions are also given on the other origins of continuous backgrounds such as the Compton scattering background, cosmic rays, the Rutherford scattering background, piling up of signals and response functions of detector, charge up effect of the target and natural backgrounds. On the basis of analyses of continuous backgrounds, the detection limit of PIXE is estimated.
Si K-SHELL IONIZATION CROSS SECTIONS FOR 30–100 keV PROTONS
Authors: HSU C C. , CHANG Y C , CHU T.C
Published: November 2004

Proton induced K-shell ionization cross sections have been measured at 30 to 100 keV incident proton energies. The results are compared with the theories of PWBABC, CPSSR and ECPSSR. All the theories overestimate the data measured ever the energy range below 50 keV
PIXE STUDY ON ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION CAUSED BY INDIGENOUS ZINC-SMELTING INDUSTRY AT MAGU REGION
Authors: ZHU GUANGHUA , SHEN XINYIN , WANG XINFU , XIONG DUANGUI , WU XUEQIN , SUN YOUPING
Published: November 2004

Atmospheric particulates were collected with a 8-stage cascade impactor in the spring of 1988 at MAGU region. The samples were analyzed by the PIXE technique. The mass concentrations and respective size distributions for 18 elements were determined. Size distribution parameters of mass concentrations for these elements were calculated with the numerical fitting method. From the point of view of effects on human health a new assessment of atmospheric quality was suggested, i.e., according to the deposit-retaining model the deposit amount in the lung during a whole day, as an index, was determined from the mass concentrations and size distribution parameters. On the basis of the assessment method mentioned above the pollution effects on atmospheric quality were assessed and discussed.
PLATINUM GROUP ELEMENT HIGH-ENERGY PIXE
Authors: HALDEN NORMAN M. , HAWTHORNE FRANK C. , GUY DUROCHER J.J. , McKEE JASPER S.C. , MIRZAI ALI
Published: November 2004

K X-ray spectra have been obtained from Platinum-Group Element (PGE) minerals using 40 MeV Proton-Induced X-ray Emission. It is possible to resolve all four component X-ray lines for the PGEs. In cases where there is more than one PGE present, some K X-ray lines may overlap, but in all cases, there were single lines available for quantitative analysis.

The spectrum obtained from the sperrylite during exposure to the proton beam beam contained Au X-rays. The presence of the Au can be attributed to (p,xn) reactions with Pt, induced by proton bombardment of the sample. The intensity of Au X-ray lines in the spectrum is proportional to the amount of Pt in the sample and the cross-section for (p,xn) reactions between Pt and Au at 40 MeV.
ANALYSIS OF TREE SAMPLES FROM AN ACIDIC AND A LIMED ENVIRONMENT BY MEANS OF PIXE
Authors: PERNESTÅL KJELL , JONSSON BENGT , HÄLLGREN JAN-ERIK , LI HONG-KO
Published: November 2004

Three tree core samples of Norway spruce (Picea Abies) have been analysed by PIXE. The concentration profiles for 17 elements heavier than sodium have been determined by means of one PIXE measurement every 2 mm along the samples. The samples were collected at Fäxboda, an experimental area north of Uppsala where artificially acidified and limed environmental experiments are made. One sample from each of an acidified, a limed and a reference area has been collected. The main interest is focused on potassium, calcium, manganese, iron, copper and zinc.

All three samples have about the same concentration profile in the heartwood. Large differences are observed in the sapwood. In the sample from the limed area the calcium content is much higher and the iron and chromium. contents are lower than in the sample from the reference area. In the sample from the acidified area the calcium and potassium contents are lower and the manganese, iron and chromium contents are much higher than in the sample from the reference area.

The observed concentration profiles of trace elements in trees indicate that changes in the environment due to acidification can be quantified at an early stage by means of PIXE.
TWO YEAR STUDY OF ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS IN MEXICO CITY
Authors: ALDAPE F. , FLORBS M. J. , DIAZ R. V. , MIRANDA J. , CAHILL T. A. , MORALES J. R.
Published: November 2004

As the second part of a wide project, we have carried out a study of airborne particulates in Mexico City, collected during two time periods (from 7:00 to 11:00, and from 11:00 to 15:00 Hrs.), one day of every week between March 1988 and February 1990. Elemental concentrations were determined by Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) for elements Na to Pb, while soot content was measured by means of Laser Integrating Plate Method (LIPM). As expected, the concentrations show an increase during the months October to March, due to frequent thermal inversions and dry weather. Moreover, the pollutant levels are higher during earlier hours, while the soil and anthropogenic origin of the elements can be better determined for the mid-day period, as seen from the grouping in the respective dendograms.
ANHARMONIC VIBRATIONS IN ORDERED AND DISORDERED ONE- AND TWO-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS
Authors: BOURBONNAIS ROCH , MAYNARD ROGER
Published: November 2004

We present extensive results of computer simulations on vibrations in one- and two-dimensional lattices with quartic anharmonicity. The existence of localized mode in ordered lattice is confirmed but the long term stability is questionable. Rather our results indicate an ergodic behavior at large times when several modes are present. Concerning disordered systems we have found that anharmonicity leads to a surprising new phenomenon of anomalous diffusion and thus to the possibility of anharmonically induced transport.
QUANTUM CHAOS AND SENSITIVITY TO SYSTEM PARAMETERS
Authors: BHANOT G. V. , PARIKH J. C. , SHEOREY V. B. , PANDEY A.
Published: November 2004

We study the eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian [Formula: see text] in the classically chaotic regime. It is shown that the overlap of wavefunctions at neighboring α values provides a sensitive measure to demonstrate the onset of chaos in quantum systems.
POST ADAPTATION FOR A NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF THE SPHERICALLY-SYMMETRIC RIEMANN PROBLEM
Authors: YUDANIN B. , LAX M.
Published: November 2004

A"folding" transformation is used to reduce a two point boundary value problem to one point boundary values (with double the number of functions). A transformation to quasi-Lagrangian coordinates is used to transform discontinuities to rest. After these transformations the general purpose numerical package POST (partial and ordinary differential equations solver in time and one space coordinates) can be successfully applied to a system of hydrodynamical equations, whose solution exhibits jumps and cusp-type discontinuities. Numerical results are presented for the spherically-symmetric shock problem.
REMARKS ON SUPERSYMMETRIC QUANTUM MECHANICS AND THE RADIAL SCHRÖDINGER EQUATION
Authors: ROY P.K.
Published: November 2004

In this letter we explore two different supersymmetric connections in the radial Schrödinger equation.
THE PLANAR-TRANSVERSE PHASE PATTERN IN PION-DEUTERON SCATTERING
Authors: ARASH FIROOZ , GARCILAZO HUMBERTO , GOLDSTEIN GARY R. , MORAVCSIK MICHAEL J.
Published: November 2004

It is shown that a current high-precision theoretical model for pion-deuteron elastic scattering at a few hundred MeV’s predicts amplitudes in the planar-transverse optimal frame which have, to a high degree of accuracy, the feature previously observed in a variety of strong interaction processes, namely that these amplitudes are relatively real or imaginary with respect to each other. This fact provides additional and even more definitive evidence for the existence of this yet unexplained property of strong interactions.
NON-LINEAR QUANTUM MECHANICS: TWO POSSIBILITIES
Authors: ROBERTS CRAIG D.
Published: November 2004

A comparative discussion of two possible non-linear extensions of quantum mechanics is presented. It is argued that the two extensions are mutually consistent but applicable to completely different phenomena and that, as a consequence, quantum mechanics will be demonstrated to be truly linear only if both extensions are precluded by experiment.
RENORMALIZATION OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL SUPERGRAVITY IN LIGHT-CONE GAUGE
Authors: SMAILAGIC ANAIS
Published: November 2004

Perturbative calculation of two-dimensional (1, 0) supergravity due to gravitation fluctuations is performed. Renormalization of Kac-Moody central charge of SL(2, R) graded current algebra and wave function to one-loop is obtained. The result agrees perfectly with Polyakov’s formula in the large d region.
THE FORMATION AND EVOLUTION OF VORTICES IN AN EXPANDING UNIVERSE
Authors: YE JINWU , BRANDENBERGER ROBERT H.
Published: November 2004

The formation and evolution of vortices in an expanding 2+1 dimensional space-time is analyzed numerically. We test the Kibble mechanism and show that, starting with thermal initial conditions with random phases, vortices form with a mean separation smaller than the Hubble radius. Due to the long range forces, vortices and anti-vortices move together and annihilate. We show that the phase waves which are produced during the annihilation are emitted predominantly at 90° from the axis through the incident topological defects.
MASS CONSTRAINTS ON A LIGHT HIGGS PRODUCED IN η′ DECAYS
Authors: YEPES PABLO
Published: November 2004

An estimate of the branching ratio BR(η′→ηH) and data from a beam-dump experiment are used to establish limits on the mass of a scalar Higgs boson in the context of the Minimal Standard Model.
CHARACTERISTICS OF CENTRAL AND MINIMUM-BIAS EVENTS IN ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS
Authors: SENGUPTA K. , SINGH G. , JAIN P.L.
Published: November 2004

We report the analysis of multiplicity distributions of charged particles produced in central and minimum-bias interactions of 32S ions at 200 GeV/n and 16O ions at 200 and 60 GeV/n with nuclei of emulsion. The minimum-bias events exhibit scaling in normalized multiplicity distribution, while the central events do not. The pseudorapidity distributions in minimum-bias events show limiting fragmentation in the target region. We have also analysed the forward-backward multiplicity correlations using the concept of “mutual information”
CP VIOLATION IN THE B SYSTEM—A STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: LONDON DAVID
Published: November 2004

The standard model predictions for CP violating hadronic decay asymmetries are presented in the form of probability distributions. From these distributions, it can be easily seen what the most likely values of these quantities are, which measurements would clearly be signs of new physics, and which values of the CP asymmetries would most constrain the parameters of the standard model.
INTERNAL GRASSMANN COORDINATES AND ACTIONS
Authors: DELBOURGO R. , WHITE M.
Published: November 2004

Using five complex, anticommuting internal coordinates θ it is possible to construct suitable Lagrangians for matter fields in three generations. We demonstrate how to do this using appropriate superfields for source and Higgs fields.
RECENT ADVANCES IN SUPERSTRING PERTURBATION THEORY
Authors: D'HOKER ERIC
Published: November 2004

Recent advances made in the understading of the Ramond-Neveu-Schwarz formulation of superstring perturbation theory are reviewed. The role of chiral splitting, in terms of which a consistent GSO projected formula is obtained to all loop orders, is explained. Equivalence of the manifestly convariant Polyakov amplitudes with the manifestly unitary light-cone amplitudes is shown, thus establishing unitarity of the covariant approach and Lorentz invariance of the light-cone approach. Some implications for string theory and quantum gravity are pointed out.
PHOTON PAIRING AND THE STRONG COUPLING PHASE OF MASSIVE QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS COOPER EQUATION
Authors: INAGAKI T. , KOMACHIYA M. , FUKUDA R.
Published: November 2004

Through the Cooper equation of the photon pairing, the instability of the normal vacuum of the Quantum Electrodynamics with the massive electron is studied. Using the low energy effective Lagrangian, the normal vacuum is shown to be unstable against the condensation of the photon pairs above the critical value of the fine structure constant. These agree with the previous results obtained by the Bethe-Salpeter equation.

The presence of the weak electric external field enhances the instability thus lowering the critical value. This can be a basis for the explanation of the anomalous GSI e+e− events.
THE LIGHT QUARK CURRENT-MASS RATIOS AND η—η′ MIXING
Authors: GÉRARD J.-M.
Published: November 2004

Chiral corrections to the Weinberg quark current-mass ratios mu/md=0.55 and ms/md=20.1 are analysed in the large N limit, N being the number of colors. A consistent derivation of the η—η′ mixing excludes the possibility of a massless up quark and implies the second-order values mu/md ≃ 0.66 and ms/md ≈ 17.7.
ON THE STABILITY OF SUPERSYMMETRY IN CURVED SPACE-TIME
Authors: GONZÁLEZ J. , HUEROS A.L.
Published: November 2004

We discuss the stability of the classical supergravity background in a simple supersymmetric model at the quantum level, showing that two different pictures emerge depending on whether the emphasis is placed on the conformal invariance or on the supersymmetry invariance of the theory.
ELLIPTIC SOLUTION OF ANISOTROPIC KONDO PROBLEM
Authors: QUANO YAS-HIRO
Published: November 2004

It is shown that the fully anisotropic one-dimensional Kondo problem is exactly integrable. We obtain the energy of the ground state and that of elementary excitations in the thermodynamic limit. Connection with the eight-vertex model is also pointed out.
NEUTRON-PROTON RATIOS OF COLLECTIVE QUADRUPOLE MATRIX ELEMENTS IN EVEN Fe AND Cr ISOTOPES
Authors: ANTALIK R.
Published: November 2004

Mn/Mp ratios are investigated within the QRPA framework for the low-lying quadrupole states and for isoscalar giant quadrupole resonances in 54, 56, 58Fe and 50, 52, 54Cr. Theoretical results for [Formula: see text] states are in good agreement with empirical ones obtained from recent proton and pion inelastic scattering studies.
Z WIDTH AND BRANCHING RATIOS IN EXTENDED GAUGE MODELS
Authors: ALTARELLI G. , CASALBUONI R. , DOMINICI D. , FERUGLIO F. , GATTO R.
Published: November 2004

We study the effects of a possible new heavy neutral vector boson ZH on the partial and total widths of the ZL which are being studied at LEP. The analysis is formulated in as general terms as possible, without commitment to a particular model. The constraints on [Formula: see text] from CDF and the new data on [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are taken into account. As expected, the induced deviations are at the level of a few per cent. The allowed range decreases with increasing mt. The lepton widths and the peak cross-sections are particularly sensitive. A fourth light neutrino is excluded also in extended gauge models.
THE TODA LATTICE HIERARCHY AND DEFORMATIONS OF CONFORMAL FIELD THEORIES
Authors: FUKUMA MASAFUMI , TAKEBE TAKASHI
Published: November 2004

We point out that the Toda lattice hierarchy known in soliton theory is relevant for the description of the deformations of conformal field theories while the KP hierarchy describes unperturbed conformal theories. It is shown that the holomorphic parts of the conserved currents in the perturbed system (the Toda lattice hierarchy) coincide with the conserved currents in the KP hierarchy and can be written in terms of the W-algebraic currents. Furthermore, their anti-holomorphic counterparts are obtained.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES WITHOUT STRINGS BY KÄHLER-CLIFFORD ALGEBRA: GEOMETRICAL INTERPRETATION OF A SATISFACTORY FORMALISM
Authors: MAIA, Jr. ADOLFO , RECAMI ERASMO , RODRIGUES, Jr. WALDYR A. , ROSA MARCIO A.F.
Published: November 2004

In place of Dirac monopoles with string, we have recently introduced “monopoles without string” on the basis of a generalized potential, the sum of a vector A and a pseudovector γ5B potential. By having recourse to the (graded) Clifford algebra which allows adding together tensors of different ranks (e.g., scalars+pseudoscalars+vectors+pseudovectors+...), in a previous paper we succeeded in constructing a lagrangian and hamiltonian formalism for interacting monopoles that can be regarded as satisfactory from various points of view. In the present note, after having completed that formalism, we put forth a purely geometrical interpretation of it within the Kähler algebra on differential forms, essential ingredients being the natural introduction of a “generalized curvature” and the Hodge decomposition. We thus pave the way for the extension of our “monopoles without string” to non-abelian gauge groups. The analogies of this approach with supersymmetric theories are apparent.
AFFINE HIGGS EFFECT
Authors: CADAVID A.C. , FINKELSTEIN R.J.
Published: November 2004

The Higgs mechanism is investigated for the affine version of the N=4 Yang-Mills theory.
OPERATOR PRODUCT EXPANSIONS, SLAVNOV-TAYLOR IDENTITIES AND d=4 CONDENSATES
Authors: SPIRIDONOV V.P.
Published: November 2004

Operator product expansion (OPE) for the gluon propagator and the corresponding Slavnov-Taylor identities are discussed. Tree-level contribution of the d=4 quark and bilinear in the gluon fields condensates is calculated. It is transverse without any connection between ghost and gluon condensates. Drawbacks of the previous calculations are uncovered. It is found that there is non-zero contribution of the gauge non-invariant quark-gluon condensate.
COSMIC RAY EVIDENCE FOR PHYSICS BEYOND THE STANDARD MODEL
Authors: DOMOKOS G. , DOMOKOS S. KOVESI
Published: November 2004

Ultra high energy observational data collected during the last decade indicate an anomalous interaction of the particles emitted by some point sources in the sky. We briefly review the evidence and discuss possible explanations of the observed anomalies. The most likely interpretation is that at energies of the order of a few TeV in the Center of Mass, new phenomena begin to take place which cannot be explained within the framework of the Standard Model. Implications of such an explanation are briefly discussed.
POSSIBLE GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE INTO A BLACK HOLE OF THE PULSAR IN SUPERNOVA 1987A
Authors: GLENDENNING NORMAN K.
Published: November 2004

We discuss how recapture of an object from debris spewed at the early stage of formation by the millisecond pulsar whose signals where observed briefly in the remnant of SN1987A may have caused its subsequent collapse into a black hole, by damping the rapid rotation which is believed to have contributed to its stability. The mass of the object sufficient to bring this about in the two week interval between observation and next search is calculated to be up to 1/20 of a Jupiter mass.
BLACK HOLES IN TOLMAN-BONDI SPACETIMES
Authors: GORINI VITTORIO , GRILLO GABRIELE , PELIZZA MAURO
Published: November 2004

We show that the significant Tolman-Bondi metrics originated by a synchronous big bang can be divided, according to the initial conditions, into three classes. The elements of one of these classes give the dynamical description of the formation of a black hole in the background of an expanding universe.
ISOSPIN BREAKING EFFECTS IN Kl3 AND THE DETERMINATION OF Vus
Authors: CASTRO G. LÓPEZ , HERNÁNDEZ G. ORDAZ
Published: November 2004

We study the Kl3 decays and show that a large isospin breaking effect is present in experimental data of Kµ3. From the Kµ3 and Ke3 rates, we determine the following weighted averages values: [Formula: see text][Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] being the vector charge of the weak transition K→π.
CHERN-SIMONS TERM IN CURVED SPACE-TIME
Authors: BANERJEE R. , CHATTERJEE D.
Published: November 2004

The expression for the Chern-Simons currents in 1 + 2 and 1 + 4 dimensions are constructed explicitly in the presence of gravity. Results indicate that these are related to the axial anomalies corresponding to one lower dimension.
QCD CORRECTION FACTORS FOR $K^0 -\overline K^0$ MIXING FOR LARGE TOP QUARK MASS
Authors: FLYNN JONATHAN M.
Published: November 2004

I modify the calculation of the QCD correction factors in the ΔS = 2 effective Lagrangian for [Formula: see text] mixing to allow top quark masses in the range 50 GeV to 200 GeV. I give constraints on the top mass and Kobayashi-Maskawa phase, determined from the measured [Formula: see text] mixing parameter ε, and find that the factor BK and the ratio |Vub/Vcb| cannot both be smalI if mt < 200 GeV .
ON THE LAGRANGIAN OF A RELATIVISTIC SPINNING PARTICLE
Authors: SHVARTSMAN Sh. M.
Published: November 2004

It is shown that the action of a spinning particle can be determined by the representation of the Green function of the spinor field in the form of a path integral. The even trajectories are connected with the motion of the particle and the odd ones with spin or isospin.
LOOP EQUATIONS AND NON-PERTURBATIVE EFFECTS IN TWO-DIMENSIONAL QUANTUM GRAVITY
Authors: DAVID F.
Published: November 2004

We present the loop equations of motion which define the correlation functions for loop operators in two-dimensional quantum gravity. We show that non-perturbative correlation functions constructed from real solutions of the Painlevé equation of the first kind violate these equations by non-perturbative terms.
A COMMENT ON THE t-QUARK MASS
Authors: FRITZSCH H. , WEYERS J.
Published: November 2004

Phenomenological considerations lead us to conjecture a relation linking lepton and quark masses: [Formula: see text]. Consequences for the t mass are discussed.
EQUATION OF STATE OF ASYMMETRIC NUCLEAR MATTER WITH GOGNY AND COULOMB INTERACTIONS
Authors: HUANG S. W. , FU M. Z. , WU S. S. , YANG S. D.
Published: November 2004

The equation of state of the asymmetric nuclear matter is calculated with the Gogny D1 effective density-dependent nucleon-nucleon interaction and the Coulomb interaction in the framework of the finite-temperature HF method with the rearrangement term. The dependence of the thermodynamical properties such as the critical temperature of the liquid-gas phase transition, the chemical potential, the compression modulus and the entropy on the Coulomb interaction in nuclear matter is treated by using a shielded two-body Coulomb potential and this method has been found to be a reasonable and effective approach.
ON THE STRUCTURE OF SUPERCRITICAL PHASE TRANSITION
Authors: HIRATA YUMI S. , MINAKATA HISAKAZU
Published: November 2004

A novel physical picture is presented for the normal-to-supercritical "phase" transition in QED around a large-Z nucleus. The process is described as the decay of the false vacuum in close analogy to the first-order phase transition in statistical mechanics. The irreversible nature of the transition is pointed out and the physical implications of this picture are discussed.
FORMATION OF COMPOSITE HIGGS BOSONS FROM QUARK-ANTIQUARKS AT LOWER ENERGY SCALES
Authors: SUZUKI MAHIKO
Published: November 2004

We study how the simple predictions of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model of composite Higgs bosons are modified when quark interactions more singular than the nonderivative four-quark interaction are added. The t-quark mass is no longer restricted to ≳ 200 GeV, the simple mass relation between the t-quark and the scalar Higgs boson is lost, and the energy scale of the quark couplings can be chosen as low as we wish. Implications in experimental testability of this class of models are briefly discussed.
ALTERNATIVE HAMILTONIAN DESCRIPTION FOR QUANTUM SYSTEMS
Authors: DUBROVIN B. A. , MARMO G. , SIMONI A.
Published: November 2004

The existence of time-invariant Kähler structures is analyzed in both Classical and Quantum Mechanics. In Quantum Mechanics, a family of such Kähler structures is found, in the finite-dimensional case it is proven that this family is complete.
ONE-DIMENSIONAL COULOMB GAS AND QUARK DECONFINEMENT
Authors: NI GUANG-JIONG , CHEN SU-QING , LEE H.C.
Published: November 2004

Based on the sine-Gordon formulation of one-dimensional Coulomb gas with a relaxation length scale l0, a simple model for the deconfinement phase transition is proposed. The model gives a simulation of the deconfinement in the quark-antiquark system.
THE DETERMINATION OF Vud AND A TEST OF THE UNITARITY OF THE QUARK MIXING MATRIX
Authors: RASCHE G. , WOOLCOCK W.S.
Published: November 2004

The significant violation of unitarity implied by recently published results for the elements Vud, Vus and Vub of the first row of the quark mixing matrix is considered. A possible way out of the difficulty is described, which gives a different value of |Vud|. It involves close scrutiny of the calculated values of the nuclear isospin breaking correction δc to the ft values for superallowed β decays.
PARTICLE IN A P-ADIC BOX
Authors: LEROY L.
Published: November 2004

We propose solutions to the p-adic analog of the problem of a particle confined by an infinite potential in one dimension. A non-trivial adelic product formula is shown to hold for the Mellin transforms of the spectrum generating functions.
Z0 PHYSICS FROM THE L3 DETECTOR AT LEP
Authors: CHEN M. , HERTEN G.
Published: November 2004

The LEP e+e− collider at CERN has been operating for more than half a year. One of the four experiments at LEP is the L3 experiment, which has excellent energy resolution for electrons, muons and photons. This article summarizes the results1–6 obtained with the L3 detector using the data taken from September to December 1989.
THE QUANTUM MECHANICS OF AN N=1 SUPERPARTICLE IN AN EXTENDED SUPERSPACE
Authors: GREEN MICHAEL B. , HULL CHRISTOPHER M.
Published: November 2004

A new ten-dimensional superparticle action with local symmetries implemented via gauge fields is formulated in a superspace with an extra anticommuting space-time spinor coordinate. Light-cone quantization gives the spectrum of N=1 super-Yang-Mills. Covariant gauge choices in which the gauge fields are set to constants lead to free BRST-invariant quantum actions. Possible ghost systems include one with only a finite number of ghosts and several with an infinite number. In each case, the BRST cohomology class of zero ghost number gives the spectrum of N=1 super-Yang-Mills.
2-D QUANTUM GRAVITY AND LIOUVILLE THEORY
Authors: D’HOKER ERIC , KURZEPA P.S.
Published: November 2004

We quantize the Liouville theory, or 2-D quantum gravity, and quantum supergravity in the conformal gauge. We explicitly calculate the Jacobian accompanying the change from the Weyl invariant measure to the translation invariant one. We show that it is of the same form as the original Liouville action, thus establishing a conjecture of David and Distler and Kawai. This calculation yields dressed gravitational central charges and anomalous dimensions from first principles.