bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The English Catholic New Left: Battling the Religious Establishment and the Politics of the Cold War
Authors: Corrin Jay
Published: April 2018

In the 1960s there appeared in England a group of young university educated Catholics who sought to merge radical Catholic social teachings with the ideas of Karl Marx and the latest insights of European and American sociologists and literary theorists. They were known as the English Catholic New Left (ECNL). Under the inspiration of their Dominican mentors, they launched a magazine called Slant that served as the vehicle for publishing their ideas about how Catholic theology along with the Social Gospels fused with neo-Marxism could bring a humanistic socialist revolution to Britain. The Catholic Leftists worked in alliance with the activists of the secular New Left Review to achieve this objective. A major influence on the ECNL was the Marxist Dominican friar Laurence Bright and Herbert McCabe, O. P. Slant took off with great success when Sheed and Ward agreed to publish the journal. Slant featured perceptive, indeed at times brilliant, cutting-edge articles by the Catholic Left’s young Turks, including Terry Eagleton, Martin Redfern, Bernard Sharratt, and Angela and Adrian Cunningham, among others. A major target of the Slant project was the Western Alliance’s Cold War strategy of nuclear deterrence, which they saw to be contrary to Christian just war theory and ultimately destructive of humankind. Another matter of concern for the Slant group was capitalist imperialism that ravaged the underdeveloped world and was a major destabilizing factor for achieving world peace and social equality. Despite their failure to achieve a social revolution “baptized by Christianity,” the English Catholic New Left broke new ground in terms of showing how a traditional religion with a highly conservative and sometimes reactionary history had the capacity to offer new paths forward and remain an inspiration to progressive thinking Christians trying to navigate the shoals of a post-modern world.
The Test-Retest Reliability of New Generation Power Indices of Wingate All-Out Test
Authors: Ozkaya Ozgur , Balci Gorkem , As Hakan , Vardarli Emre
Published: April 2018

Although reliability correlations of traditional power indices of the Wingate test have been well documented, no study has analyzed new generation power indices based on milliseconds obtained from a Peak Bike. The purpose of this study was to investigate the retest reliability of new generation power indices. Thirty-two well-trained male athletes who were specialized in basketball, football, tennis, or track and field volunteered to take part in the study (age: 24.3 ± 2.2 years; body mass: 77 ± 8.3 kg; height: 180.3 ± 6.3 cm). Participants performed two Wingate all-out sessions on two separate days. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error measurement (SEM), smallest real differences (SRD) and coefficient of variation (CV) scores were analyzed based on the test and retest data. Reliability results of traditional power indices calculated based on 5-s means such as peak power, average power, power drop, and fatigue index ratio were similar with the previous findings in literature (ICC ≥ 0.94; CV ≤ 2.8%; SEM ≤ 12.28; SRD% ≤ 7.7%). New generation power indices such as peak power, average power, lowest power, power drop, fatigue index, power decline, maximum speed as rpm, and amount of total energy expenditure demonstrated high reliability (ICC ≥ 0.94; CV ≤ 4.3%; SEM ≤ 10.36; SRD% ≤ 8.8%). Time to peak power, time at maximum speed, and power at maximum speed showed a moderate level of reliability (ICC ≥ 0.73; CV ≤ 8.9%; SEM ≤ 63.01; SRD% ≤ 22.4%). The results of this study indicate that reliability correlations and SRD% of new generation power and fatigue-related indices are similar with traditional 5-s means. However, new time-related indices are very sensitive and moderately reliable.
Relational Benefit on Satisfaction and Durability in Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Kim Minseok , Kim Boyoung , Oh Sungho
Published: April 2018

These days, companies are moving from Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities for short-term profit generation to the ones for achieving economic and social long-term goals. This phenomenon results from the idea that CSR is not a mere cost but can be used as a source of opportunity, innovation and competitive advantage. Deemed as a great business strategy, strategic CSR activities are being emphasized by various stakeholders in the global market. The purpose of this study is to present specific implications and to empirically research the relations among relational benefits, commitment, and authenticity. It identifies the main factors of relationship management in expanding the stakeholder pool and forming relationships for strategic CSR activities. To this end, we conducted a questionnaire survey of 113 CSR practitioners in Korea and analyzed how social, psychological, and economic benefits affect the satisfaction and durability of strategic CSR activities through relational commitment and authenticity. Consequently, social, psychological, and economic benefits have an impact on relationships and, by extension, have a positive effect on relational satisfaction and durability. However, economic benefits affect relational authenticity, but social and psychological benefits do not. As a result, relational benefits cannot affect satisfaction through relationships. Therefore, relational benefits and commitment are more important variables for the satisfaction and durability of strategic CSR activities.
Co-Benefits of CO2 Mitigation for NOX Emission Reduction: A Research Based on the DICE Model
Authors: Xie Xi , Weng Yuwei , Cai Wenjia
Published: April 2018

Actions to reduce carbon emissions often entail co-benefits for environmental protection, like air pollutants reduction. Previous studies made contributions to estimate these co-benefits, but few considered the feedbacks from the socioeconomic system and the natural system. This paper extends the Dynamic Integrated model of Climate and the Economy (DICE) model, a classical Integrated Assessment model (IAM), into the Dynamic Integrated model of Climate, Air pollution and the Economy (DICAE) model. Through the hard link between a new air pollution module and the other modules in the original DICE, this paper quantifies the co-benefits of mitigating CO2 emissions for NOX emission reduction, and compares the predicted climate change, economic output and social utility under seven mixed policy scenarios. In addition, uncertainty analysis based on Monte Carlo simulation is carried out to verify the robustness of the DICAE model. The results indicate that the NOX emissions co-emitted with CO2 emissions would be over 0.6 Gt/year in a no-policy scenario. In policy scenarios, mitigating CO2 emissions can simultaneously reduce at least 15% of the NOX emissions, and the more severe the climate mitigation target is, the more obvious co-benefits for NOX emission reduction. Although these co-benefits can offset some mitigation costs, it will not be cost-effective when NOX emission reduction is achieved completely depending on ambitious carbon mitigation, so the end-of-pipe technology for NOX emission is also indispensable. For policymakers, they should recognize the co-benefits of climate policies, actively taking mitigation actions. Moreover, they are encouraged to combine CO2 mitigation with NOX emission reduction and coordinate their policy intensities to make wise use of the co-benefits.
Sustainable Development of Regional Power Systems and the Consumption of Electric Energy
Authors: Lisin Evgeny , Shuvalova Daria , Volkova Irina , Strielkowski Wadim
Published: April 2018

Nowadays, one of the most imminent problems facing power systems in post-industrial countries is the sustainable development of power systems under conditions of increasing power consumption irregularity due to the reduction of the industry’s share in consumers’ demand for electric power. In today’s Russia, this issue is becoming very acute due to the significant share of electric power and heat co-generation that is demonstrating low manoeuvrability and poor adaptation to operations in the daily variation of electric power demand. This paper considers the problem of improving the power system steady-state through the optimization of the production structure of thermal power plants. We propose a combinatorial algorithm that improves the planning of the structural and technological modernization of the power equipment configuration, with a glance at the forecast of the increasing irregularity of power consumption.
Racial Residential Segregation: Measuring Location Choice Attributes of Environmental Quality and Self-Segregation
Authors: Zhang Zhaohua , Robinson Derrick , Hite Diane
Published: April 2018

Both sorting on public goods and tastes for segregation contribute to the persistence of segregation in America. Incorporating Schelling’s (1969, 1971) concept of “neighborhood tipping” into a two-stage equilibrium sorting model, in which both neighborhood demographic composition and public goods (e.g., environmental quality) affect households’ residential location choice, this study investigates how preferences for neighborhood demographic composition could obscure the role of exogenous public goods on segregation. The results reveal that non-white households face higher level of exposure to air pollution, suggesting the presence of environmental injustice in Franklin County, OH. Using a counterfactual scenario of switching off heterogeneous taste for environmental quality, this study identifies that sorting on Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) emissions drives little correlations between emissions and demographics. However, when taste parameters of the interactions between neighborhood demographic composition and household race are eliminated, segregation (as measured by over-exposure to households of the same race) of black and white households decreases by 7.63% and 16.36%, respectively, and own-race neighbor preferences contribute to segregation differently according to household income. These results may help explain some recent puzzles in the relationship between environmental quality and demographics.
Weight loss as a predictor of cancer in primary care: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nicholson Brian D , Hamilton William , O’Sullivan Jack , Aveyard Paul , Hobbs FD Richard
Published: April 2018

Background

Weight loss is a non-specific cancer symptom for which there are no clinical guidelines about investigation in primary care.

Aim

To summarise the available evidence on weight loss as a clinical feature of cancer in patients presenting to primary care.

Design and setting

A diagnostic test accuracy review and meta-analysis.

Method

Studies reporting 2 × 2 diagnostic accuracy data for weight loss (index test) in adults presenting to primary care and a subsequent diagnosis of cancer (reference standard) were included. QUADAS-2 was used to assess study quality. Sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratios, and positive predictive values were calculated, and a bivariate meta-analysis performed.

Results

A total of 25 studies were included, with 23 (92%) using primary care records. Of these, 20 (80%) defined weight loss as a physician’s coding of the symptom; the remainder collected data directly. One defined unexplained weight loss using objective measurements. Positive associations between weight loss and cancer were found for 10 cancer sites: prostate, colorectal, lung, gastro-oesophageal, pancreatic, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, ovarian, myeloma, renal tract, and biliary tree. Sensitivity ranged from 2% to 47%, and specificity from 92% to 99%, across cancer sites. The positive predictive value for cancer in male and female patients with weight loss for all age groups ≥60 years exceeded the 3% risk threshold that current UK guidance proposes for further investigation.

Conclusion

A primary care clinician’s decision to code for weight loss is highly predictive of cancer. For such patients, urgent referral pathways are justified to investigate for cancer across multiple sites.
Une congrégation missionnaire en Algérie (1835-1842) : Les Soeurs de Saint-Joseph de l’Apparition
Authors: Falgas Geneviève
Published: April 2018

Émilie deVialar, fondatrice d’un ordre missionnaire, les Soeurs de Saint-Joseph de l’Apparition, se fixa en Algérie de 1835 à 1842. Elle y était venue, appelée aussi bien par les civils que par les militaires, pour soigner les malades, soulager la misère des pauvres et instruire les enfants, «sans distinction de race et de religion » . Après trois années où les religieuses se dévouèrent sans compter, les difficultés commencèrent. Elles furent soupçonnées, par les saintsimoniens présents en Algérie, de vouloir convertir ceux à qui elles venaient en aide. Puis elles se trouvèrent confrontées à l’évêque d’Alger qui voulait les mettre au service de ses propres projets, ce que refusa la fondatrice. Pour échapper à la volonté de l’évêque, elle en appela au Pape. Mais son séjour à Rome n’eut pas les résultats qu’elle espérait : en fin de compte, elle dut se démettre de toutes ses fonctions en Algérie et quitter le pays, abandonnant sans contrepartie les nombreux établissements qu’elle avait créés. Il se trouve que tous ceux qui soutinrent son action, dans ces débuts de la colonisation, furent des hommes, civils, militaires, religieux. Ces soutiens vinrent à lui manquer les uns après les autres dès qu’elle affirma son indépendance : Émilie de Vialar fut-elle victime d’un affrontement des genres ?
Bolstering the Three Pillars of the Essential Architecture of the Massage Therapy Profession: An Interview with Glenn M. Hymel, EdD, LMT
Authors: Kennedy, LMT, BCTMB, DrPH Ann Blair
Published: April 2018

As part of our interview editorial series, we bring forth a discussion with Dr. Glenn M. Hymel, the Founding Executive Editor of the International Journal of Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork. Dr. Hymel embodies the qualities set forth for the American Massage Therapy Association Dianne Polseno Lifetime Achievement Award, which he received in 2017. He has provided leadership and shown outstanding professionalism, and is a dedicated volunteer and a fervent advocate for research and education in the massage therapy profession. In this interview he discusses his massage therapy research, his interests, and his hopes for the future and the profession.
Inside-out Planet Formation. IV. Pebble Evolution and Planet Formation Timescales
Authors: Hu 胡 Xiao 晓 , Tan Jonathan C. , Zhu 朱照 Zhaohuan 寰 , Chatterjee Sourav , Birnstiel Tilman , Youdin Andrew N. , Mohanty Subhanjoy
Published: April 2018

Systems with tightly packed inner planets (STIPs) are very common. Chatterjee & Tan proposed Inside-out Planet Formation (IOPF), an in situ formation theory, to explain these planets. IOPF involves sequential planet formation from pebble-rich rings that are fed from the outer disk and trapped at the pressure maximum associated with the dead zone inner boundary (DZIB). Planet masses are set by their ability to open a gap and cause the DZIB to retreat outwards. We present models for the disk density and temperature structures that are relevant to the conditions of IOPF. For a wide range of DZIB conditions, we evaluate the gap-opening masses of planets in these disks that are expected to lead to the truncation of pebble accretion onto the forming planet. We then consider the evolution of dust and pebbles in the disk, estimating that pebbles typically grow to sizes of a few centimeters during their radial drift from several tens of astronomical units to the inner, ≲1 au scale disk. A large fraction of the accretion flux of solids is expected to be in such pebbles. This allows us to estimate the timescales for individual planet formation and the entire planetary system formation in the IOPF scenario. We find that to produce realistic STIPs within reasonable timescales similar to disk lifetimes requires disk accretion rates of ∼10−9
M
⊙ yr−1 and relatively low viscosity conditions in the DZIB region, i.e., a Shakura–Sunyaev parameter of α ∼ 10−4.
The ALMA View of GMCs in NGC 300: Physical Properties and Scaling Relations at 10 pc Resolution
Authors: Faesi Christopher M. , Lada Charles J. , Forbrich Jan
Published: April 2018

We have conducted a 12CO(2–1) survey of several molecular gas complexes in the vicinity of H ii regions within the spiral galaxy NGC 300 using the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA). Our observations attain a resolution of 10 pc and 1

, sufficient to fully resolve giant molecular clouds (GMCs) and the highest obtained to date beyond the Local Group. We use the CPROPS algorithm to identify and characterize 250 GMCs across the observed regions. GMCs in NGC 300 appear qualitatively and quantitatively similar to those in the Milky Way disk: they show an identical scaling relationship between size R and linewidth ΔV (ΔV ∝ R
0.48±0.05), appear to be mostly in virial equilibrium, and are consistent with having a constant surface density of about 60

pc−2. The GMC mass spectrum is similar to those in the inner disks of spiral galaxies (including the Milky Way). Our results suggest that global galactic properties such as total stellar mass, morphology, and average metallicity may not play a major role in setting GMC properties, at least within the disks of galaxies on the star-forming main sequence. Instead, GMC properties may be more strongly influenced by local environmental factors such as the midplane disk pressure. In particular, in the inner disk of NGC 300, we find this pressure to be similar to that in the local Milky Way but markedly lower than that in the disk of M51, where GMCs are characterized by systematically higher surface densities and a higher coefficient for the size–linewidth relation.
Equation of State Dependent Dynamics and Multi-messenger Signals from Stellar-mass Black Hole Formation
Authors: Pan 潘國 Kuo-Chuan 全 , Liebendörfer Matthias , Couch Sean M. , Thielemann Friedrich-Karl
Published: April 2018

We investigate axisymmetric black hole (BH) formation and its gravitational wave (GW) and neutrino signals with self-consistent core-collapse supernova simulations of a non-rotating 40 M
⊙ progenitor star using the isotropic diffusion source approximation for the neutrino transport and a modified gravitational potential for general relativistic effects. We consider four different neutron star (NS) equations of state (EoS): LS220, SFHo, BHBΛϕ, and DD2, and study the impact of the EoS on BH formation dynamics and GW emission. We find that the BH formation time is sensitive to the EoS from 460 to >1300 ms and is delayed in multiple dimensions for ∼100–250 ms due to the finite entropy effects. Depending on the EoS, our simulations show the possibility that shock revival can occur along with the collapse of the proto-neutron star (PNS) to a BH. The gravitational waveforms contain four major features that are similar to previous studies but show extreme values: (1) a low-frequency signal (∼300–500 Hz) from core-bounce and prompt convection, (2) a strong signal from the PNS g-mode oscillation among other features, (3) a high-frequency signal from the PNS inner-core convection, and (4) signals from the standing accretion shock instability and convection. The peak frequency at the onset of BH formation reaches to ∼2.3 kHz. The characteristic amplitude of a 10 kpc object at peak frequency is detectable but close to the noise threshold of the Advanced LIGO and KAGRA, suggesting that the next-generation GW detector will need to improve the sensitivity at the kHz domain to better observe stellar-mass BH formation from core-collapse supernovae or failed supernovae.
A Recollimation Shock in a Stationary Jet Feature with Limb-brightening in the Gamma-Ray-emitting Narrow-line Seyfert 1 Galaxy 1H 0323+342
Authors: Doi Akihiro , Hada Kazuhiro , Kino Motoki , Wajima Kiyoaki , Nakahara Satomi
Published: April 2018

We report the discovery of a local convergence of a jet cross section in the quasi-stationary jet feature in the γ-ray-emitting narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy (NLS1) 1H 0323+342. The convergence site is located at ∼7 mas (corresponding to the order of 100 pc in deprojection) from the central engine. We also found limb-brightened jet structures at both the upstream and downstream of the convergence site. We propose that the quasi-stationary feature showing the jet convergence and limb-brightening occurs as a consequence of recollimation shock in the relativistic jets. The quasi-stationary feature is one of the possible γ-ray-emitting sites in this NLS1, in analogy with the HST-1 complex in the M87 jet. Monitoring observations have revealed that superluminal components passed through the convergence site and the peak intensity of the quasi-stationary feature, which showed apparent coincidences with the timing of observed γ-ray activities.
Les professeurs des écoles en cours de carrière : épreuves et temporalités du métier
Authors: Bouchetal Thierry
Published: April 2018

La question du temps chez les professeurs des écoles fait l’objet de discours contradictoires entre raillerie, (manque de) disponibilité et contrainte organisationnelle. Ainsi, les temps de l’activité professionnelle, du parcours dans le métier et de la vie personnelle s’entremêlent et parfois s’opposent. Pour mieux comprendre ce qui fait épreuve sur une temporalité longue dans le travail des professeurs des écoles, nous avons recueilli des récits professionnels de maîtres en cours de carrière. Après analyse, nous remarquons que les épreuves citées s’ancrent simultanément dans trois temporalités (la journée de travail, la durée d’un poste, l’avenir), dessinant de la sorte un système d’épreuves dans le métier et un équilibre temporel fragile chez les enseignants.
Passer de pratiques d’Activité Physique Sportive et Artistique à leur enseignement : quels jeux de langage dans le cadre d’une alternance intégrative ?
Authors: Dastugue Laurent , Escalié Guillaume , Ducès Caroline , Chaliès Sébastien
Published: April 2018

Cet article propose à partir d’un programme de recherche en anthropologie culturaliste un dispositif de formation permettant de faire vivre une alternance intégrative dans la formation des étudiants se destinant au métier d’enseignant d’EPS (Éducation Physique et Sportive). Précisément, ce dispositif tente de donner la possibilité aux étudiants de prendre appui sur leurs expériences de pratique d’APSA (Activité Physique Sportive et Artistique) pour enseigner. Pour ce faire, il présente trois aménagements du contenu de modules de formation du master MEEF (Métier de l’Éducation, de l’Enseignement et de la Formation) parcours EPS. Ces aménagements technologiques, pensés à partir de postulats empruntés au programme de recherche en anthropologie culturaliste ainsi que leurs retombées en matière de préprofessionnalisation sont ainsi détaillés : (i) apprendre des règles en tant que pratiquant, (ii) s’essayer à l’enseignement des règles dans une situation de simulation, (iii) enseigner des règles à des élèves. Les résultats obtenus montrent que le dispositif mis en place a permis aux étudiants de se mettre en activité en tant qu’enseignant en faisant jouer partiellement les règles apprises en tant que pratiquant. Les étudiants ont été confrontés à des difficultés pour s’appuyer sur l’ensemble des aspects constitutifs de ces règles pour enseigner. À partir de ce constat, des pistes d’aménagement de la formation sont envisagées.
La Banque centrale européenne et la crise des dettes souveraines : politique monétaire, politique économique ou état d’exception ?
Authors: Grégoire Guillaume
Published: April 2018

L’affaire Outright Monetary Transactions (OMT), qui a vu s’opposer le Tribunal constitutionnel fédéral allemand et la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne (CJUE) sur la question de la conformité au droit de l’Union européenne de l’action de la Banque centrale européenne (BCE) lors de la crise des dettes souveraines de 2010-2012, constitue sans aucun doute, à ce jour, l’illustration la plus éclatante de la controverse relative à l’existence (ou non) d’une mutation constitutionnelle tacite du mandat de la BCE. Dans son arrêt du 21 juin 2016, le Tribunal constitutionnel fédéral confirme la conformité du programme monétaire OMT au droit de l’Union et à la Loi fondamentale allemande, mais n’en maintient pas moins de « sérieuses objections » à l’encontre du raisonnement de la CJUE, témoignant ainsi de la persistance de certaines tensions entre, d’une part, les interventions de la BCE et, d’autre part, les dispositions du Traité sur le fonctionnement de l’Union européenne (TFUE) relatives à ses compétences.
Est-il pertinent de durcir le droit européen de l’environnement ?
Authors: Boyer-Allirol Béatrice , Barbu Elena
Published: April 2018

Depuis le 1 er  janvier 2017, la Directive 2014/95/UE oblige les entreprises cotées, les banques et les compagnies d’assurance européennes de plus de 500 salariés à publier les informations relatives à leurs impacts environnementaux. Dans ce contexte, nous nous interrogeons sur la pertinence de durcir le droit européen de l’environnement. Pour cela, nous analysons les cadres réglementaires des pays européens avant la Directive 2014/95/UE, afin de regrouper les pays dans trois catégories : (1) les pays de droit dur, qui ont réglementé ou légiféré le reporting environnemental, (2) les pays de droit souple, qui proposent des lignes directrices ou des codes de bonne conduite émanant de l’État ; et (3) les pays de droit flou n’ayant ni législation ni recommandation de la part de l’État, mais ayant des initiatives professionnelles sporadiques. Ensuite, nous choisissons trois pays correspondant à chaque catégorie réglementaire (respectivement la France, l’Allemagne et l’Italie) et nous comparons l’impact du cadre réglementaire sur le niveau de divulgation environnementale des entreprises par des analyses statistiques. Les résultats montrent les effets bénéfiques d’une réglementation obligatoire. En effet, les divulgations environnementales des entreprises françaises réglementées par un droit dur sont supérieures à celles des entreprises allemandes soumises à un droit souple ou à celles des entreprises italiennes assujetties à un droit flou. Il est donc opportun de durcir le droit de l’environnement en Europe.
Effects of heat-treated Lactobacillus crispatus KT-11 strain consumption on improvement of oral cavity environment: a randomised double-blind clinical trial
Authors: Tobita K. , Watanabe I. , Tomokiyo M. , Saito M.
Published: April 2018

Heat-treated lactic acid bacteria is added to some foods because it is easier to store and transport, and have less interference with other food ingredient compared with living lactic acid bacteria. We have reported that oral administration of heat-treated Lactobacillus crispatus KT-11 strain (KT-11) suppressed the symptoms of periodontal disease in mice orally infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis. However, the preventive effect of KT-11 on periodontal disease in human is unclear. The aim of this randomised double-blind clinical trial was to examine the effects of KT-11 consumption on the oral environment in healthy volunteers. Sixteen healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to two groups (KT-11 or placebo), and they consumed a KT-11 food tablet (1.2×1010 KT-11 cells) or a placebo food tablet (without KT-11) every day for 4 weeks. Clinical parameters including numbers of major periodontopathic bacteria in saliva, plaque score, gum conditions, and oral mucosal fluid level were evaluated at weeks 0 and 4. Amount of change in P. gingivalis numbers decreased in the KT-11 group compared to that in the placebo group at week 4. Female participants in the KT-11 group had decreased plaque scores, reddish tinge, and gingival swelling scores compared to those in the placebo group at week 4. Furthermore, male participants in the KT-11 group demonstrated increased oral mucosa fluid scores. These clinical findings suggest that daily KT-11 intake can prevent periodontal disease through the improvement of oral conditions.
Recruitment of Individuals With Dementia and Their Carers for Social Research: Lessons Learned From Nine Studies
Authors: Beattie Elizabeth , Fielding Elaine , O'Reilly Maria , Brooks Deborah , MacAndrew Margaret , McCrow Judy
Published: April 2018

Many health and social care research studies report difficulties recruiting sufficient numbers of participants, adding to time and money expenditures and potentially jeopardizing the generalizability of findings. The current article reports the effectiveness and resource requirements of recruitment strategies used in nine dementia-related studies conducted in Australia. Articles, notices, or advertisements in targeted specialist newsletters were the most cost-effective method of recruitment. The use of service providers to aid recruitment yielded mixed results, but was lengthy in terms of research time. Online and social media were low cost but not reliably effective in terms of recruitment potential. Despite using multiple strategies to maximize recruitment, significant challenges were encountered achieving the required sample sizes; in most cases these challenges resulted in delays in the recruitment phase. Implications for researchers in the fields of dementia and general social/health research are discussed.

[Res Gerontol Nurs. 2018; 11(3):119–128.]
Droit positif et sacré : l’exemple du droit de propriété inspiré de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen
Authors: Chicot Pierre-Yves
Published: April 2018

Il est possible d’établir un lien entre la norme temporelle et la norme intemporelle, entre l’ordre séculier et l’ordre hiérocratique. Quand bien même le faiseur de la norme ferait montre d’un grand pragmatisme pour mener à bien l’essentielle régulation sociale, sa référence superstructurelle peut être de nature sacrée. Ainsi en va-t-il du droit de propriété consigné depuis la Révolution française à l’article 17 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen du 26 août 1789 : « la propriété est un droit inviolable et sacré, nul ne peut en être privé ». Le sacré équivaut d’après une définition classique à « ce qui appartient au domaine séparé, intangible et inviolable du religieux et qui doit inspirer crainte et respect ». L’inspiration « théo-juridique » de l’article 17 n’est pas anodine. Celle-ci témoigne d’une volonté exprimée fermement par la philosophie révolutionnaire qui consiste à bâtir un système économique résolument libéral. Dans ce cas de figure, les moyens de la production du système va et doit reposer sur la propriété privée. Le droit de propriété ne relèverait pas d’un simple énoncé normatif classique et puiserait ses racines dans une logique de pensée
supra-terrestre. C’est là que se situe le point de rencontre entre l’impérieuse utilité de la règle et son efficacité dans l’application en désignant la matière et le droit qui y est assorti comme étant empreint de sacré.
Microstructural Characterization of the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) Joints from Dissimilar Metallic Aluminium - Copper Alloys
Authors: Radu Bogdan , Hulka Iosif , Cojocaru Radu , Ciucă Cristian , Boţilă Lia Nicoleta
Published: April 2018

During Friction Stir Welding (FSW) process materials to be joined will be subject of intense mechanical and thermal processes, characteristic to this solid state welding process. As a result, the welded materials will suffer quick heating and cooling cycles that will be overlapping on large plastic deformation/flow of the materials, which will produce their phase and structural transformation as well as modification of their properties. The paper investigates the structural transformation of the materials and will analyse the influence between the FSW process and these transformations.
Establishing the Dependence of Output Parameters Depending on Local Process Conditions for Friction Stir Welding of Pure Copper Plates
Authors: Constantin Marius Adrian , Boşneag Ana , Nitu Eduard Laurentiu , Boţilă Lia Nicoleta
Published: April 2018

Welding copper and its alloys is usually difficult to achieve by conventional fusion welding processes because of high thermal diffusivity of the copper, which is at least 10 times higher than most steel alloys, in addition to this, there are the well-known disadvantages of conventional fusion welding represented by necessity of using alloying elements, a shielding gas and a clean surface. To overcome these inconveniences, Friction Stir Welding (FSW), a solid state joining process that relies on frictional heating and plastic deformation, is being explored as a feasible welding process. In order to achieve an increased welding speed and a reduction in tool wear, this process is assisted by another one (TIG) which generates and adds heat to the process. The research includes two experiments for the FSW process and one experiment for tungsten inert gas assisted FSW process. The process parameters that varied were the rotational speed of the tool [rpm] and the welding speed [mm/min] while the compressive force remained constant. The purpose of this paper is to correlate the evolution of temperature, tensile strength, elongation and microscopic aspect with the linear position on the joint (local process parameters) for each experimental case and then make comparisons between them, and to identify and present the set of process parameters that has the best mechanical properties for this material.
Analysis and Correlation of Output Parameters against Input Parameters for Friction Stir Welding of Three Dissimilar Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Boşneag Ana , Constantin Marius Adrian , Nitu Eduard Laurentiu , Ciucă Cristian
Published: April 2018

Friction Stir Welding, abbreviated FSW is an innovative joining process. The FSW is a solid-state welding process with a lot of advantages comparing to the traditional arc welding, such as the following: it uses a non-consumable tool, it results of good mechanical properties, it can use dissimilar materials and it have a low environmental impact. First of all, the FSW process was developed to join similar aluminum plates, and now, the technology was developed and the FSW process is used to weld large types of materials, similar or dissimilar. In this paper it is presented an experimental study and the results of it, which includes the welding of three dissimilar aluminum alloy, with different chemical and mechanical properties. This three materials are: AA2024, AA6061 and AA7075. The welding joints and the welding process were analyzed considering: process temperature, micro-hardness, macrostructure and microstructure.
Reliability, Technological Risks and Maintenance Decisions
Authors: Crâsteţi Sandu
Published: April 2018

The paper presents, in a synthetic manner. some points of view regarding the necessity of a balanced approach to reliability and engineering risk. It presents some of the risk reduction principles applied in the processes of improving reliability and reducing risk (such as introducing redundancy) and some of the key principles for reducing the risk of failure that can be applied with success. One does have also in view that critical failures in many industries can have disastrous environmental and health consequences. Such failures entail loss of production for very long periods of time and extremely high costs of the intervention for repair. Consequently, for industries characterised by a high cost of failure, setting quantitative reliability requirements must be driven by the cost of failure. Failure rate modelling is relevant for reliability analysis and other disciplines that employ the notion of the failure rate or its equivalents
Economical Considerations over 3D Printing Components for Abrasive Water Jet Machinery
Authors: Vasilescu Mircea Dorin , Vasilescu Tiberiu Aurel , Groza Ioan Vasile
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this research is to analyse the technological and economical aspects of making 3D print pieces to produce functional parts and subassemblies for abrasive waterjet processing equipment. The authors of this paper intend to make a clarification on the technological and economic approaches of material that can be used to make such a reference in terms of economic efficiency and technology. In the paper are analysed all the aspects involved in generating the necessary elements on the mechanical side of them by FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling). The paper is structured in a five chapters in which it is presented in a logical order the analysis of the materials that can be used in the mentioned technological field, the technological parameters specific to the analysed process, the method of generating the parts and their realization from a practical point of view and presenting the main economic aspects that involve the manufacturing costs of specific parts through 3D printing technology for components of water jet processing equipment with suspension abrasive media.
Use of Non-Destructive Tests for the Assessment of Integrity and Service Life of Hydro-Mechanical Equipment
Authors: Arsić Miodrag , Bošnjak Srđan M. , Grabulov Vencislav , Mladenović Mladen , Savić Zoran
Published: April 2018

Technical diagnostics of hydromechanical equipment, is based on testing procedures including the history of the exploitation with expert knowledge of structures and operating conditions, as well as, on the analysis of results performed by experts with appropriate experience and knowledge in design, exploitation, maintenance, reliability, fracture mechanics etc. Degradation of properties of the material and/or welded joints of hydro-mechanical equipment is being caused by the simultaneous influence of a large number of factors. First of all, it is thought of technological, metallurgical, structural and conditions of exploitation. In this paper, the selection of methodology for the rehabilitation of hydro-mechanical equipment is presented based on the previously conducted assessment of state of equipment using the nondestructive testing methods. Repair welding, repair of damaged surfaces by cold metallization, corrections of existing structural solutions of metallic components in order to improve their technical characteristics and extend the service life are presented.
The Application of Grinding of Ceramic Materials
Authors: Stancekova Dana , Petrů Jana , Svobodova Jaroslava , Miturska Izabela , Molotova Sarka
Published: April 2018

An application of hard engineering materials depends especially on their specific properties, included mechanical properties and their machinability. Technical ceramics belongs to such materials. Nowadays, due to its properties, it is a process of grinding that is applied in machining. Because the technical ceramics has high hardness and brittleness it is important to pay attention to the whole process of machining. In this case of the grinding, there is need to pay attention to the process from disc engagement to grind off the desired layer. The paper deals with an implementation of grinding of ceramic materials in context of determining of elements of cutting forces and the surface roughness evaluation. These are important aspects for determining the suitability of the cutting conditions and the possibility of their use in the production process.
Energy Demand Reduction in Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings by Highly Efficient Aluminium Foam Heat Exchangers
Authors: Jerz Jaroslav , Simančík František , Španielka Ján , Šebek Jozef , Kováčik Jaroslav , Tobolka Peter , Dvorák Tomáš , Orovčík Ľubomír
Published: April 2018

The capability periodically to store and release the latent heat of phase transition during melting and solidification of Phase Change Materials (PCMs) has been currently the main subject of interest with regard to cost reduction efforts for cooling, heating of interiors and Domestic Hot Water (DHW) necessary for the operation and maintenance of adequate thermal comfort in new modern as well as old renovated residential buildings. The main principle of PCMs facilities to reduce significantly the energy consumption in the building industry of the future is based on the ability of thermo-active heat exchangers to absorb and later to dissipate into the surroundings excessive heat which can be easily obtained from renewable sources (e.g. solar energy, geothermal heat, etc.) directly in a building or in its immediate vicinity. Smart interior tiling and furnishing systems can provide high energy efficiency by stabilizing the room temperature at a level ensuring sufficient thermal comfort basically governed by the thermal conductivity and heat exchange area between ceiling (respectively also wall and floor if necessary) heat exchangers (radiators) and the heat storage medium in the form of PCMs. Unfortunately, most conventional building materials, e.g. aerated concrete, bricks, gypsum, ceramic tiles, etc. are particularly characterized by very low thermal conductivity, which disadvantages them to be used for these purposes. However, highly porous metallic material such as aluminium foam prepared by powder metallurgy [10, 11] is on the contrary excellently heat conductive, which predisposes it to be used for light-weight design of supporting structure of very energy efficient indoor as well as outdoor thermo-active heat exchangers for building industry of the future. This contribution points to the possibility to apply aluminium foam for both the novel innovative roofing system to cover pitched roofs and the interior ceiling panels, with the minimum energy demands for maintaining the sufficient thermal comfort in future nearly Zero-Energy Buildings (nZEBs).
Metallographic Analysis of the Suitability of a WC-Co Powder Blend for Selective Laser Melting Technology
Authors: Bricín David , Špirit Zbyněk , Kříž Antonín
Published: April 2018

The main objective of this article is to familiarize readers with the first outputs from PhD research by David Bricín, especially with the metallographic analysis, which was carried out on the first series of printed samples. The PhD thesis deals with the processing of powder mixtures based on WC-Co using selective laser melting (SLM) and other technologies. This article specifically deals with the use of SLM for the processing of a WC-Co powder mix. The grains of this powder mixture are not granular, but separate grains of carbides and binders. This powder blend was processed on a 3D SLM printer using various printing parameters. Variable parameters included laser power and scanning speed. Other print parameters were kept constant. The properties of the powder mixture and the printed samples were evaluated by metallographic analysis using light and scanning electron microscopy. These analyses were further supplemented by X-ray diffraction phase analysis, chemical analysis by EDX, and analysis of mechanical properties by compression strength testing. The evaluation of the analyses determined how the printing parameters and the type of powder used affect the development and distribution of the structure in the printed samples and how the mechanical properties of the print are then affected. For example, it has been found that increasing the scanning speed results in a more pronounced mixing between the carbide grains and the binder, which then has a positive influence on the mechanical properties of the print. In addition, the experiments found the energy at which the porosity in the printed samples was significantly reduced, and the direction in which further experiments are to take.
The Numerical Analysis of Axially Loaded Elastomeric Bushing
Authors: Javořík Jakub , Kledrowetz Jan , Keerthiwansa Rohitha , Nekoksa Pavel
Published: April 2018

Mechanical behavior of a rubber bushing of a stabilizer of a passenger car is studied in this article. An analysis of behavior of the bushing loaded in the axial direction is performed. An identification of the critical points in the bushing body and, especially, in the interface between the bushing and the stabilizer bar for later optimization of the whole system of the stabilizer fixing in the car construction is the aim of this work. An advanced FEM system including such effects as a strongly nonlinear strain/stress relation of material of the bushing (hyperelasticity), large displacements, large deformations, and contact between the bushing and the stabilizer bar was used for the numerical analysis.
Effect of Nanoadditives on the Structure and Properties of Austempered Ductile Irons
Authors: Kaleicheva Julieta Atanasova , Mishev Valentin Plamenov
Published: April 2018

In the present study austempered ductile irons (ADI) with an upper and lower bainitic structure with nanosized particles of cubic boron nitride cBN (50nm) are studied. The austempering modes include austenization at 900оС during an hour and isothermal retention at 280оС from 0.5 to 6 hours and at 380oС from 0.5 to 6 hours. The samples microstructure is investigated by means of an optical metallography, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray analysis. Tests for hardness, impact toughness and wear are performed. The influence of nanosized additives on the kinetic of the bainitic transformation and on the morphology of the obtained bainitic structure is studied. It is established that the changes of the bainitic cast irons microstructure under influence of the nanoparticles of cBN lead to the cast irons impact toughness and wear resistance increase. The research is aimed at expanding the scope for new ADI applications in the industry.
The Effect of Materials on the Efficiency of the Spiroid Gearing
Authors: Riečičiarová Eva , Oravcová Jarmila
Published: April 2018

The contribution deals with is the material selection for spiroid gear. The combination of the softer material of one wheel with the harder material of the other wheel (or gear worm) is used for the trains of gears. The measurements were executed on the measurement stand comprising the machine aggregate with the spiroid drive. In Stage 1 of measurement, the spiroid gear was made of the steel gear worm and of the bronze wheel, in Stage 2 of measurements, it was made of the steel gear worm and of the plastic wheel. The efficiency was evaluated for various levels of the load moment, lubrication and material type used.
Impact Testing of H13 Tool Steel Processed with Use of Selective Laser Melting Technology
Authors: Ackermann Michal , Šafka Jiří , Voleský Lukáš , Bobek Jiří , Kondapally Jitendra Reddy
Published: April 2018

This paper deals with experimental determination of toughness, hardness and impact properties of AISI H13 (DIN 1.2344) tool steel which was manufactured using Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology. The H13 is a chromium-based tool steel which is primarily used for hot working applications such as pressure casting moulds for automotive industry. Evaluation of toughness and impact properties are vital for reliable use of SLM-processed material, especially in the case of highly loaded structures. Mechanical tests were carried out on printed specimens, subjected to thermal treatment and proper data were evaluated. For better understanding of differences between conventionally produced and SLM-processed material, same mechanical tests were done even for hot-rolled H13 tool steel. SLM-printed material shows more brittle behaviour than conventionally made material. This is most probably caused by combination of H13 thermal properties and fast melting and solidification due to SLM processing.