bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A New Behavioral-level Model of Superconducting Josephson Junctions with Simulink
Authors: Zhong Yalin , Chen Peng
Published: October 2023

Josephson junctions based on superconducting materials are fundamental components for quantum detection, quantum communication and quantum computers. An accurate behavioral model of Josephson junctions is the prerequisite for predicting various superconducting circuits. In this study, We present a resistively and capacitively shunted junction (RCSJ) model-based behavioral-level model for the current-voltage characteristics of Josephson junctions. This model accurately predicts the current-voltage characteristics and their temperature dependencies of Josephson junctions made of different materials under three typical working modes: underdamped voltage-driven, overdamped current-driven, and underdamped current-driven. Additionally, it forecasts the critical current and superconducting energy gap characteristics with respect to temperature, as well as the constraint relationship between the shunt resistance, superconducting energy gap, and critical current. Comparing the measured data with the simulation predictions, the model has an average accuracy of 85.9%, which illustrates the reliability of the model.
Electromagnetic Tomographic Cerebral Angiography
Authors: Semenov Serguei
Published: October 2023

World Health Organization stated that “Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally. Angiography is an important method in diagnostic of CVD. Standard-of-Care methods of angiography, such as X-Ray or CT- or MRI- angiography methods, being accurate and widely adopted in clinical practice, are bulky, expensive and energy in-efficient. X-Ray and CT- angiography methods are also potentially hazardous as techniques require the use of ionizing contrast agents. Electromagnetic tomography (EMT) is an emerging medical imaging modality. EMT is applicable for safe functional imaging but suffers from a limited spatial resolution because of relatively large wavelength of electromagnetic radiation as compared to sizes of biological targets of particular interest, such as, for example blood vessels. Novel approach and method, presented in the study is capable to overcome such limitations and provide a mean for a dynamic, on-line EMT angiography. New method of EMT angiography was presented in application to cerebral angiography. Achieved imaging results clearly demonstrate applicability of the method for detecting small cerebral vessels of the diameter as small as 1.3mm and to distinguish vessels with different dimensions. The technical challenges in the development of angiography capable EMT systems are assessed and discussed.
Postoperative orthostatic intolerance following fast-track unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: Incidence and hemodynamics A prospective observational cohort study
Authors: Hristovska Ana-Marija , Andersen Louise , Uldall-Hansen Bodil , Kehlet Henrik , Troelsen Anders , Gromov Kirill , Foss Nicolai
Published: October 2023

Background
Early postoperative mobilization is essential for early functional recovery but can be inhibited by postoperative orthostatic intolerance (OI). Postoperative OI is common after major surgery, such as total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, limited data are available after less extensive surgery, such as unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). We, therefore, investigated the incidence of OI as well as cardiovascular and tissue oxygenation responses during early mobilization after UKA.
Methods
This prospective single-centre observational study included 32 patients undergoing primary UKA. Incidence of OI and cardiovascular and tissue oxygenation responses during mobilization were evaluated preoperatively, at 6 and 24h after surgery. Perioperative fluid balance, bleeding, surgery duration, postoperative hemoglobin, pain during mobilization and opioid usage were recorded.
Results
During mobilization at 6 hours after surgery, 4 (14%, 95%CI 4–33%) patients experienced OI; however, no patients terminated the mobilization procedure prematurely. Dizziness and feeling of heat were the most common symptoms. OI was associated with attenuated systolic and mean arterial blood pressure responses in the sitting position (all p < 0.05). At 24 hours after surgery, 24 (75%) patients had already been discharged, including three of the four patients with early OI. Only five patients were available for measurements, two of whom experienced OI; one terminated the mobilization procedure due to intolerable symptoms. We observed no statistically significant differences in perioperative fluid balance, bleeding, surgery duration, postoperative hemoglobin, pain, or opioid usage between orthostatic intolerant and tolerant patients.
Conclusions
The incidence of orthostatic intolerance after fast-track unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is low (~ 15%) and is associated with decreased orthostatic pressure responses. Compared to the previously described orthostatic intolerance incidence of ~ 40% following total knee arthroplasty, early orthostatic intolerance is uncommon after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, suggesting a procedure-specific component.
Trial registration:
Prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov; registration number: NCT04195360, registration date: 13.12.2019
What do we know about the population trend of the Bolivian River Dolphin: A Population Analysis with long-term data
Authors: Guizada-Duran Luis Alfredo , Aliaga-Rossel Enzo , Frias Mariana Paschoalini , Zerbini Alexandre
Published: October 2023

South American river dolphins face significant threats from intense human activities, resulting in habitat loss, fragmentation of their natural connectivity, overfishing, pollution, and incidental and intentional catches (e.g., for use as bait for fisheries). From 1998 to 2022, twelve surveys were conducted in a river system in the Mamore River (Ibare-Tijamuchi-Mamore) basin, one of the primary distribution areas of the Bolivian river dolphin (BRD - Inia geoffrensis boliviensis). Generalized linear models (GLMs) were used to assess population trends. The most supported model does not definitively indicate a decline in population. The estimated mean annual rate of population change for BRDs over the 24-year monitoring period was − 0.0115 per year. The mean count of BRDs in the Ibare River is approximately 21.2% of the mean count in Tijamuchi, while in the Mamore River, it is 41.1%. However, there is still no evident decline in the populations in the sub-basin of the Mamore River. This study highlights the importance of still monitoring river dolphin populations. Similar population dynamics are observed in other river dolphin species in the Amazon region, necessitating immediate actions to mitigate or reduce mortality and reverse the concerning trend exhibited by these populations.
Association between riboflavin intake and the risk of all-cause mortality of patients with chronic kidney disease: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ren Xiaoxu , Liu Xiangchun , Chen Hairong , Wang Rong , Tian Yutian , Zhang Ying , Yu Lifeng , Jiang Zhiming
Published: October 2023

Background: The association between riboflavin intake and all-cause mortality of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has not been reported. This study aimed to explore whether riboflavin intake was associated with the risk of all-cause mortality in CKD patients.
Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. The association between riboflavin intakeand the risk of all-cause mortality was assessed using Cox regression analysis, with results shown as hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Subgroup analysis was performed based on gender, CKD stage, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Results: A total of 3,750 patients were finally included for analysis. After potential confounders, lower intake of riboflavin was found to be associated with the higher risk of all-cause mortality (Q1: HR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.05-1.69). The similar association was also found in patients at mild/moderate stage (HR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.05-1.66), in female (HR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.01-1.81), with hypertension (HR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.07-1.75), CVD (HR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.08-2.03), and dyslipidemia (HR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.01-1.66).
Conclusions: This study found the association between low riboflavin intake and high risk of all-cause mortality in CKD patients, indicating a potential beneficial role of riboflavin in CKD patients.
Climate-forced Hg-remobilization driving mutagenesis in ferns in the aftermath of the end-Triassic extinction
Authors: Bos Remco , Zheng Wang , Lindström Sofie , Sanei Hamed , Waajen Irene , Fendley Isabel , Mather Tamsin , Wang Yang , Rohovec Jan , Navrátil Tomáš , Sluijs Appy , de Schootbrugge Bas van
Published: October 2023

The long-term effects of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP), a large igneous province connected to the end-Triassic mass-extinction (201.5 Ma), remain largely elusive. Here, we document the persistence of volcanic-induced mercury pollution and its effects on the biosphere for 2 million years after the extinction event. In sediments recovered in Germany (Schandelah-1 core), we record not only high abundances of malformed fern spores at the Triassic-Jurassic boundary, but also during the Hettangian, indicating repeated vegetation disturbance and environmental stress that was eccentricity forced. Crucially, these abundances correspond to spikes in sedimentary Hg concentrations. Hg-isotope ratios (δ202Hg, Δ199Hg) indicate a volcanic source at the Triassic-Jurassic boundary but a terrestrial source for the early Jurassic peaks. We conclude that Hg injected by CAMP across the extinction was repeatedly remobilized from coastal wetlands and hinterland areas during eccentricity-forced phases of severe hydrological upheaval and erosion, focusing Hg-pollution in shallow marine basins.
Impact of Gadgets on Amblyopic Therapy and Risk of Astigmatism Development: A Prospective Case Report of 5 years old child.
Authors: Shah Mutahir , Ullah Saif
Published: October 2023

This prospective case report was carried out to investigate the effect of electronic gadget use during amblyopic therapy in a 5-year-old child with monocular hyperopia of +6DS. The child received glasses and underwent patching therapy for the amblyopic left eye while using electronic devices. The therapy successfully improved visual acuity over two years, an unexpected development of with-the-rule astigmatism in the left eye raised concerns about the role of gadget use in astigmatism development. This prospective case report highlights the efficacy of patching therapy combined with gadget, but suggests the need for further investigation of the potential risks of developing astigmatism.
The Distribution Pattern of Machining Errors on Woodworking Machine Tools
Authors: Pylypchuk Maria , Dziuba Lidiia , Mayevskyy Volodymyr , Kopynets Zoya , Taras V. I.
Published: October 2023

The article aims to develop a methodology for calculating and predicting the distribution patterns of wood machining errors to assess the operating conditions of the machine tool according to the technological accuracy criterion. It was analytically proven and experimentally confirmed that Weibull’s law accurately describes the distribution pattern of machining errors on woodworking machines. Based on the results of experimental studies of the accuracy of machining on machines for lengthwise sawing and plano-milling of wood, it was found that the primary indicator of the Weibull distribution law is a shape parameter that takes values within 1.89–3.11. The computational algorithm was developed for statistical modeling of the pattern of the distribution of machining errors according to the Weibull distribution law. It allows for determining the main parameters of the error distribution law and evaluating the operating conditions for the machine tool according to the technological accuracy criterion. The statistical modeling results for the distribution pattern of machining errors are correlated with the experimental data with an accuracy of up to 5 %, which confirms the reliability of the obtained simulation results. The developed approach also minimizes the restoration cost for the machine’s operability.
A Strawberry Cropping System Design for Florida to Improve Early Yield and Water Conservation and Its Economic Effect
Authors: Dash Prosanta K. , Guan Zhengfei , Chase Carlene A. , Agehara Shinsuke , Zotarelli Lincoln
Published: October 2023

The majority of strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa) production in Florida, USA, uses bare-root transplants that require large volumes of water via sprinkler irrigation for establishment. Although plug transplants can be established without sprinkler irrigation, they generally are more than double the cost of bare-root transplants. We hypothesized that the use of early-planted (September) plug transplants on white-on-black mulch without impact sprinkler irrigation (WP system) would be more profitable and conserve water compared with the typical grower standard practice of black plastic mulch and bare-root transplants planted in mid-October that were established using impact sprinkler irrigation for heat mitigation for 12 d after transplanting (BB system). ‘Florida Radiance’ plug transplants and bare-root transplants were used in the 2-year study that was conducted at Citra and Balm, FL, USA. Water use and early and total strawberry yield of the two systems were compared. Water use in both locations was lower with the WP system than the BB system. Early yield was higher by 683 and 346 8-lb flats/acre with the WP system at Citra and Balm, respectively, compared with the BB system. The total marketable yield with the WP system was 2062 flats/acre and 1917 flats/acre greater at Citra and Balm, respectively, than with the BB system. Partial budget analysis indicated that the WP system at Citra increased the net profit by $14,657/acre, whereas a net profit of $13,765/acre was obtained at Balm. These results will inform decision-making about cropping system modification that can be adopted by Florida strawberry growers to considerably reduce water use in an economically feasible manner.
Interfacially adsorbed bubbles determine the shape of droplets
Authors: Squarcini Alessio , Tinti Antonio
Published: October 2023

The characterization of density correlations in the presence of strongly fluctuating interfaces has always been considered a difficult problem in statistical mechanics. Here we study - by using recently developed exact field-theoretical techniques - density correlations for an interface with endpoints on a wall forming a droplet in 2D. Our framework applies to interfaces entropically repelled by a hard wall as well as to wetting transitions. In the former case bubbles adsorbed on the interface are taken into account by the theory which yields a systematic treatment of finite-size corrections to one- and two-point functions and show how these are related to Brownian excursions. Our analytical predictions are confirmed by Monte Carlo simulations without free parameters. We also determine one- and two-point functions at wetting by using integrable boundary field theory. We show that correlations are long ranged for entropic repulsion and at wetting. For both regimes we investigate correlations in momentum space by generalizing the notion of interface structure factor to semi-confined systems. Distinctive signatures of the two regimes manifest in the structure factor through a term that we identify on top of the capillary-wave one.
The Functions and Mechanisms of Long Non-coding RNA SNHGs in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Liu Songhua , Rong Yao , Tang Mingzheng , Zhao Qiqi , Li Chunyan , Gao Wenbin , Yang Xiaojun
Published: October 2023

:

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Despite significant
advancements in surgical and adjuvant treatments, patient prognosis remains unsatisfactory.
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNA molecules that lack protein-coding capacity
but can engage in the malignant biological behaviors of tumors through various mechanisms.
Among them, small nucleolar host genes (SNHGs) represent a subgroup of lncRNAs. Studies have
revealed their involvement not only in gastric cancer cell proliferation, invasion, migration, epithelial-
mesenchymal transition (EMT), and apoptosis but also in chemotherapy resistance and tumor
stemness. This review comprehensively summarizes the biological functions, molecular mechanisms,
and clinical significance of SNHGs in gastric cancer. It provides novel insights into potential
biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the exploration of gastric cancer.
Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer: Conventional Techniques and Current
Biomarkers
Authors: Ahmadpour Sajjad , Habibi Mohammad Amin , Pashaei Mohammad Reza , Mohammadpour Yousef , Jazi Kimia , Modarres Mehdi Pezeshgi
Published: October 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide, and the incidence of
CRC seems to increase gradually. The survival of CRC varies in different countries, attributed to the
screening program. Generally, diagnostic approaches for CRC can be divided into visual detection
methods and laboratory methods. Colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, and computed tomography colonography are considered visual methods widely used in cancer detection. Although visual methods
provide some benefits, some disadvantages such as late detection, are present, making them useless in
rapidly progressing CRC patients. On the other hand, laboratory tests are developed to compensate
for the disadvantages of visual methods. More recent progression in laboratory tests makes them able
to superfine detection of CRC. For instance, molecular and genetic methods based on the components
of cancer cells, like nucleic acid and proteins, can prognosticate further cancer development in susceptible patients. Alongside new therapeutic approaches developed within decades, the number of
CRC detection methods has increased, which aims to reduce the duration between cancer initiation
and detection. This review sought to survey the CRC detection methods, including conventional and
recently-developed methods, to provide better insight into CRC screening.
An Overview of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Quaiyoom Abdul , Kumar Ranjeet
Published: October 2023

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a myocardial disorder that is characterised by
structural and functional abnormalities of the heart muscle in the absence of hypertension, valvular heart disease, congenital heart defects, or coronary artery disease (CAD). After witnessing a
particular form of cardiomyopathy in diabetic individuals, Rubler et al. came up with the moniker diabetic cardiomyopathy in 1972. Four stages of DCM are documented, and the American
College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Stage and New York Heart Association
Class for HF have some overlap. Diabetes is linked to several distinct forms of heart failure.
Around 40% of people with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) have diabetes, which is thought to be closely associated with the pathophysiology of HFpEF. Diabetes and
HF are uniquely associated in a bidirectional manner. When compared to the general population
without diabetes, those with diabetes have a risk of heart failure that is up to four times higher. A
biomarker is a trait that is reliably measured and assessed as a predictor of healthy biological activities, pathological processes, or pharmacologic responses to a clinical treatment. Several biomarker values have been discovered to be greater in patients with diabetes than in control subjects among those who have recently developed heart failure. Myocardial fibrosis and hypertrophy are the primary characteristics of DCM, and structural alterations in the diabetic myocardium are often examined by non-invasive, reliable, and reproducible procedures. An invasive
method called endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is most often used to diagnose many cardiac illnesses.
A Narrative Review on the Potential of Black Seeds (Nigella Sativa) in the
Management of West Nile Virus Infection
Authors: Maideen Naina Mohamed Pakkir , Balasubramanian Rajkapoor , Shanmugam Arun
Published: October 2023

West Nile virus (WNV) infection is a mosquito-borne illness that is endemic to Africa,
Asia, the Middle East, Australia, and Europe. WNV-infected individuals can only be managed
with symptomatic therapy and supportive care at this point of time. Thus, we have analyzed the
possible beneficial effects of black seeds (N. sativa) in this literature review. To find relevant articles,
various online databases, such as the Web of Science, Medline, PMC, PubMed, Embase, EBSCO,
Google Scholar, Science Direct, and reference lists were searched. The antiviral, analgesic,
anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects of black seeds (N. sativa) have
been established by numerous clinical, animal, in vivo, in vitro, and in silico studies. It has been
found that black seeds (N. sativa) have the potential to be included as adjuvant therapy in addition
to symptomatic treatment and supportive care in the early stages of WNV infection once randomized
controlled clinical trials (RCTs) affirm the safety and efficacy of black seeds (N. sativa)
in WNV infection management as they have been considered the gold standard of treatment in
clinical studies.
What is the effect of learning models and interests on study results?
Authors: Suratno Suratno , Murboyono Rahmat , Muazza Muazza , Guspita Devi
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine whether there is a significant influence between the learning model (NHT and STAD) and student interest on learning outcomes . This study uses a mixed methods approach with sequential explanatory. Sequential explanatory is a research where the initial data collection is quantitative which is then followed by qualitative data. The data collection instrument is in the form of a response questionnaire for the STAD and NHT learning models with 18 statements , student interest questionnaires of 1 1 statement, and learning outcomes test sheets containing 7 questions. Furthermore, the data were analyzed by descriptive statistics to find the average value and using inferential statistics in the form of multiple regression test and ANOVA test to see quantitative data, while for qualitative data using Miles Huberman, namely data reduction, data display, and conclusions. This study uses 327 students of SMK 1 and SMK 4 in Jambi City by using a total sampling technique, namely the entire population is used as the research sample . Then interviewed 20 students who were willing to conduct interviews. The results of this study indicate that Student responses to the STAD learning model have a good category, which is 60.2% (197 of 327) and student responses to the NHT learning model of teacher pedagogic competence also have a low category. good that is equal to 58.7% (192 of 225). Student interest in learning also has a good category, which is 60.9% (199 out of 327. And there is a significant influence between learning models, interests and student learning outcomes with the determination coefficient value is (R2) 0.729 . This means the contribution of the model learning and student interest in student learning outcomes by 72.9 %, while the remaining 27.1 % is influenced by other variables.
Enjoyment in physical education learning: The effect of learning approach and gender
Authors: Sucipto Sucipto , Hambali Burhan , Gumilar Agus , Nur Lutfi
Published: October 2023

Issues related to gender and learning approaches in physical education are still interesting issues, the trend of research on these variables is still being carried out from year to year, but the research that combines learning approaches and gender as independent variables has not been widely carried out, especially studies in the development of student enjoyment in physical education learning. This study aims to examine the effect of the learning approach and gender on students' enjoyment. This study is an experimental study involving 56 students (28 boys, 28 girls) with an age range of 13-14 years who were divided into four groups. The research instrument used was the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale Questionnaire (PACES) to determine the level of student enjoyment during physical education learning. Data analysis was performed using Two Way Anova. The results of the analysis show that (1) the learning approach (technical and tactical) has been shown to have a significant effect on students' enjoyment of learning, and (2) Gander (male and female) has been shown to have a univariately significant effect on student enjoyment, (3) there is no interaction between gender and learning approach to student enjoyment. The findings of the analysis prove that the learning approach is one of the indicators in the development of enjoyment. It is assumed that the tactical and technical approaches are packaged in engaging learning scenarios so that both male and female students feel comfortable in carrying out the learning process. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the learning approach and gender affect the development of students' enjoyment. Partially, the tactical approach proved to have a higher impact than the technical approach. Meanwhile, in terms of gender, male students were shown to have a higher impact than female students on the development of student enjoyment in learning physical education
Level of understanding of fitness instructors on injury prevention and treatment in Yogyakarta fitness center
Authors: Arjuna Fatkurahman
Published: October 2023

The fitness instructor is one of the important factors to prevent the occurrence of increasingly severe injuries to members and then provide the best care for members at the fitness center. This study aims to determine the understanding of fitness instructors in the Special Region of Yogyakarta in providing prevention and treatment of injuries in a fitness center. This study is a quantitative descriptive study. The data collection technique is in the form of multiplechoice questions. The subjects used in this study were fitness instructors throughout Sleman Regency regarding the prevention and treatment of injuries at the fitness center. The results showed that the understanding of fitness instructors in the Special Region of Yogyakarta in providing injury prevention and treatment at the fitness center fell into categories. With general results as follows, the "very poor" category is 4.7% (4 instructors), the "moderate" category is 38.6% (27 instructors), the "good" category is 41.4% (29 instructors), and the “very good” category of 0% (0 instructors). Based on the results of this study, the quality of the instructors at the fitness center is quite good, in the sense that the quality of the instructors differs only by one level with the poor category.
The values of leadership in badminton game
Authors: Komari Amat , Sugiyono Sugiyono , Siswantoyo Siswantoyo , Dwi Marhaendro Agus Susworo , Suhadi Suhadi , Solikhin Muhamad Nanang , Sadewa Yanuar Rachman
Published: October 2023

The values in sport settings have long been discussed in the literature, including the ones in the context of badminton. Despite there have been many leadership values in the literature, there is no explicit leadership value coming from research in badminton. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the values of leadership being learned from the badminton game and develop value products through Research and Development. The research method used was a mixed method. Participants of the study included 7 former badminton players having leadership positions and 122 students in physical education teacher education program. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and survey. The results of these interviews were then interpreted, reduced, and given codes so that the values of leadership in badminton were obtained converging. The results of the research on leadership values in badminton games included (1) knowing the boundaries of territory (2) realizing the limits of authority (3) working together (4) obeying rules (5) keeping secrets (6) depth of knowledge (7) elegant decisions (8) obeying superiors (9) act with heart. The value products have been implemented and measured their effectiveness. It concludes that badminton provides opportunities to learn and develop leadership competencies. The value products are effective as a model for teaching leadership through badminton.
ANALYSIS ON STUDENTS’ NUMERACY SKILLS IN SOLVING PROPORTION PROBLEMS IN THE CONTEXTS OF CANDI UMBUL TRADITIONAL MARKET
Authors: Sulistyowati Fitria , Irmawati Irmawati , Maharani Noka Setya , Irfan Muhammad
Published: October 2023

The weaknesses in students' abilities in applying mathematical concepts and rules to non-routine problems caused them difficulties in solving them. This study was aimed at analyzing students' numeracy skills in solving proportion problems with the contexts of Candi Umbul Traditional Market. The study was qualitative descriptive research involving two seventh-grade students in Indonesia as research subjects. The two student subjects were selected from 10 students who completed the numeracy task, one with the most correct answer and one with the most incorrect answer. The ten students who completed the numeracy task were the ones with the highest test scores among 32 students in the topics of proportion and social arithmetics. The research instruments used in the study were students' work sheets (in the form of essay tests) and interviews. The data analysis technique used was descriptive analysis. Findings show that not every student with high math scores had high numeracy skills. This is evident from the fact that students faced problems when completing proportion items in the context of Candi Umbul Traditional Market; they encountered difficulties in solving the problems. The results of this study are expected to serve as a reference for further research on students' numeracy skills.
MODIFICATION OF POCUNG SONG IN ETHNOMATHEMATICS-BASED LEARNING FOR THE TOPICS OF LENGTH MEASUREMENTS
Authors: Putri Lilis Risma , Shalihah Hanifah Mar'atush , Khoirunnisa' Asma' , Sukoco Heru
Published: October 2023

Learning in measuring units of length is basically inseparable from familiar objects in the society, one of which is traditional songs. This study was aimed at finding whether using the tune of a traditional song in Yogyakarta, namely Pocung song, and modifying the lyrics with mathematical contents can facilitate students to think mathematically. This study used the pre-experimental design method with the one-group pre-test-posttest design model. The research subjects were 10 3rd grade students of a cultural elementary school in Gunungkidul. The results showed that the modification of the Pocung song in ethnomathematics-based mathematics learning in the length-unit competencies was developed in an audio-visual form which could be accessed via the YouTube and the implementation ofthe Pocung song modification in ethnomatematics-based learning in the length-unit competencies had a positive influence on students’ learning achievements.
ETHNOMATHEMATICS IN STRUCTURE AND CARVING PATTERNS OF TORAJAN TRADITIONAL HOUSE BUILDING
Authors: Sari Lidia Widia
Published: October 2023

Toraja is one of the tribes in South Sulawesi, precisely in Tana Toraja. The Tana Toraja people are very famous for their strong cultural customs; there are so many spiritual activities, a series of traditional ceremonies, and cultures that are still very well preserved among the local community. Tongkonan is a Torajan traditional house building that is very popular and always attracts attention, including people from outside Tana Toraja, because the shapes and motifs of the carvings are unique; the shapes and motifs of these carvings cannot be separated from mathematical elements. This study is aimed at identifying  the ethnomathematics contained in the carving patterns of the Tongkonan traditional house building. The research was qualitative with a descriptive method. The data collection technique used was a literature study. Results indicate that ethnomathematics in the structure of carving patterns on the Torajan traditional houses building can be integrated into various models of mathematics learning.
AN INTERCULTURAL TECHNOLOGICAL ELEMENT FOR THE LEARNING OF PROPORTIONALITY IN A RESERVATION OF THE EMBERÁ-CHAMÍ-COLOMBIAN ETHNIC GROUP
Authors: Carmona-Ramírez Luis Hernando , Bedoya-Serrano Jorge Luis
Published: October 2023

The panorama of ethno-education is compromising for the 115 native indigenous ethnic groups from Colombia, bearing in mind that some educational institutions have not advanced in the incorporation of their own knowledge in their intercultural curricula. The aim of this qualitative tradition (Educational Action Research) study was to implement a bilingual (Ebera-bedea/Spanish) Intercultural Technological Element (ITE) by using Geogebra in order to teach the concept of proportionality in an indigenous reservation of the ethnic group Emberá-Chamí. 13 students of basic secondary education belonging to ethnic group were included. Firstly, a diagnostic evaluation was performed to assess the initial knowledge of the students about the concept of proportionality in their own native language. Then the ITE was designed and applied to the students. The students were evaluated on three aspects (1) on their own knowledge, (2) on the affective and emotional aspect and on (3) their conceptions. In general, the students were able to contemplate the relationship between the topic developed (proportionality) and the activities of the culture with a reception of 77%. Regarding the emotional aspect 62% of the students see the solution of the guides as favorable since it promotes individual work as well as responsibility, and the other 38% perceive it moderately. On the other hand, the worldview and cosmogony conceptions were achieved in the 84% of the students.
Unfolded protein response in gastric glandulocytes of rats with the pharmacological correction of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Klys Y.G. , Kerimov T.R. , Savosko S.I. , Osadchuk Y.S. , Smirnov S.M. , Natrus L.V.
Published: October 2023

Background. The cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying gastrointestinal complications caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may involve accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum that disrupts protein homeostasis and activates a signaling pathway termed the unfolded protein response (UPR). The goal of the present study was to assess the state of the UPR system in gastric glandulocytes of untreated and metformin- and propionate-treated T2DM rats. Materials and methods. Rats with induced T2DM received metformin, propionate, and their combination. Analysis of the levels of 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), and inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) was performed by Western blotting and immunohistochemical assessment of slices. Results. In T2DM rats, an increase in GRP78 vs. control (normal) group was found. Metformin and propionate treatment led to an increase in GRP78; under combination therapy, its content was registered at the level in untreated T2DM group. An increase in the ATF6 in T2DM rats was found, and all treatment regimens contributed to its growth. The PERK level in T2DM rats exceeded that in controls, and propionate treatment caused its decrease to the level observed in control group. An immunohistochemical assessment revealed a tendency to increase the intensity of immunoreaction for GRP78 in T2DM rats. With metformin treatment, an intensive immunoreaction for GRP78 was revealed. The general trend in T2DM rats was a significant increase in ATF6 expression. Conclusions. Combination treatment with metformin and propionate led to a significant decrease in GRP78, which may indicate a positive effect of such therapy. New data on propionic acid effect on UPR in the stomach have been obtained that may be beneficial for developing possible treatment strategies in complications of gastropathy caused by diabetes.
The level of pancreatic fecal elastase-1 and the risk of cardiovascular complications in patients with chronic pancreatitis combined with arterial hypertension
Authors: Filippova A.Yu. , Kryvoshei V.V.
Published: October 2023

Background. Chronic pancreatitis and malnutrition are associated with cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular events, while the role of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency as a risk factor for cardiovascular events is unknown. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the level of pancreatic fecal elastase-1 in patients with chronic pancreatitis combined with hypertension and to determine the relationship with cardiovascular risk. Materials and methods. One hundred and ten patients (46 men, 64 women) aged 45–65 years with chronic pancreatitis were included in the study. The first group consisted of people with a combined course of chronic pancreatitis and hypertension; the second — with chronic pancreatitis alone. The levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and very low-density cholesterol, pancreatic fecal elastase-1, total protein, serum content of albumin, iron, vitamin D, zinc and magnesium were evaluated in all patients. Results. In the group 1, there were significantly more cases of severe exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and a significantly lower number of patients with a normal level of pancreatic fecal elastase-1 (p < 0.05). In addition, a very high cardiovascular risk was detected significantly more often in this group — 11.5 % (p < 0.05). The main cardiovascular risk factors among patients with chronic pancreatitis, in addition to hypertension, included obesity and increased body weight — 70.9 % of cases. Elevated levels of TG, LDL, and total cholesterol were observed in 86.4, 94.5, and 91.8 % of patients with chronic pancreatitis combined with hypertension, respectively, and a reduced content of HDL-C was found in 34.5 % (p < 0.05). Significantly higher levels of TG, LDL-C, total cholesterol, and a lower level of HDL were revealed in the group 1 compared to the group 2 (p < 0.05). In patients of the group 1, a reliable inverse correlation was found between the pancreatic fecal elastase-1 and TG, atherogenic index, the SCORE2 scale (r = –0.43, p < 0.05; r = –0.52, p < 0.05; r = –0.48, p < 0.05, respectively), as well as a reliable direct correlation with HDL level (r = 0.50; p < 0.05). Conclusions. The combined course of chronic pancreatitis with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and hypertension is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. A decrease in the level of pancreatic fecal elastase-1 and malnutrition may be associated with an increase in the frequency of dyslipidemia and in the risk of cardiovascular events among these patients.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Trace Quantities of Pure Atropine and Pharmaceutical Preparations with SbI42− Ion
Authors: Ali Riyadh Hasan Mohammed , Abdullah Bashar Mudhaffar , Ahmed Rasha Ismail
Published: October 2023

This study aims to estimate a simple, rapid and sensitive method for a trace amount of atropine (ATR) in medicinal compounds. Two approaches were followed to accomplish this aim, i.e., spectrophotometric determination of pure ATR and pharmaceutical preparations using SbI42− ion as a new reagent. The procedure involves the implementation of an ion-association complex with this alkaloid. The resulting complex was extracted and detected spectrophotometrically at 492 nm. Appropriate parameters were investigated, including the ion SbI42− concentration and the pH value of the complex formation. Using chloroform to extract the complex, taking into consideration extraction time and volume of solvent used. The calibration graph is linear in the ranges of 0.5–5.0 × 10−3 M. Precision, accuracy, detection limit, and RSD %, as well as relative standard deviation (n = 5), were calculated. The test sensitivity was 0.013 µg cm−2. Several interference additives were studied by investigating the effect of equal and duplicate quantities of some common excipients on selectivity, such as starch, glucose, lactose, glycerin, and talc. The molar ratio of the SbI42−_ATR was determined. The amount of ATR in the pharmaceutical tablets and eye drop preparation was calculated using Erel at ratios of 2.24 and 2.75%, respectively.
Protein Modelling Insight to the Poor Sensitivity of Chikungunya Diagnostics on Indonesia’s Chikungunya Virus
Authors: Lidya Bevi , Yusuf Muhammad , Baroroh Umi , Novitriani Korry , Alisjahbana Bachti , Rahayu Iman , Subroto Toto
Published: October 2023

Sensitive detection of infectious diseases is crucial for effective clinical care. However, commercial rapid tests may be limited in their ability to detect pathogen variants across different countries. It was found that the sensitivity of a chikungunya rapid test on local strain was only 20.5% as compared to the East, Central, and South Africa (ECSA) phylogroup. Therefore, the development of geographically specific diagnostics is essential. Investigating the distinctive structural properties of a locally sourced antigenic protein is an important initiative for the development of a specific antibody. This study utilized structural bioinformatics and molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the differences between the E1-E2 antigenic proteins of the Indonesian chikungunya virus (Ind-CHIKV) and that of ECSA. The results showed that some of the mutation points are located at the antibody binding sites of Ind-CHIKV. G194S and V318R mutations were proposed as distinctive features of Ind-CHIKV, leading to weaker antibody binding compared to ECSA. It suggests that modifying the antibody to accommodate bulkier side chains at positions 194 and 318 could improve its effectiveness against Ind-CHIKV. These insights are valuable for developing a highly sensitive immunoassay for Ind-CHIKV and other regional pathogens, ultimately enhancing diagnostic capabilities in Indonesia.
Volatile Organic Compounds and Antioxidant, Cytotoxic Activities of Extracts from the Leaves of Grewia bulot
Authors: Pham Ty Viet , Ho Duc Viet , Le Anh Tuan , Ngo Y Duy , Dang Nhan Thi Thanh , Le Thang Quoc , Nguyen Bao Chi
Published: October 2023

This research aims to determine the volatile compounds present in Grewia bulot leaf extracts and evaluate their cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. The volatile constituents of the n-hexane and dichloromethane extracts were identified by using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The main compounds identified in the former were neophytadiene (18.2%), methyl palmitate (14.4%), methyl linoleate (9.7%), β-sitosterol (4.5%), and methyl stearate (3.4%), while those in the latter were palmitic acid (9.8%), hexadecane (7.4%), octadecane (6.0%), neophytadiene (5.3%), and 2-tert-butoxyethanol (5.3%). The cytotoxicities of the extracts were examined against four human cancer cell lines (SK-LU-1, Hep-G2, MCF-7, and KB), while their antioxidant activities were assessed using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. The n-hexane and dichloromethane extracts displayed weak activity against these cancer cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 90.60 ± 3.49 to 98.27 ± 2.77 µg/mL. All extracts showed antioxidant activities, and the methanol extract exhibited the strongest at an SC50 value of 9.39 ± 0.90 µg/mL. This is the first report on the volatile constituents and bioactivities of G. bulot leaf extracts, suggesting their potential application as antioxidants.
Enhancing the CO2 Adsorption Performance of UiO-66 by Imidazolium-Based Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids (RTILs) Incorporation
Authors: Mukaromah Laela , Haryanto Andi , Permana Yessi , Patah Aep
Published: October 2023

Functionalization of metal-organic frameworks resulting in efficient CO2 adsorption materials became substantial in preventing the worsening environment upon the emission of CO2. In this study, several room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) with an imidazolium-based cation of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium [bmim]+ and anions of bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [TFSI]−, trifluoromethanesulfonate [OTf]−, hexafluorophosphate [PF6]−, and tetrafluoroborate [BF4]− were incorporated into UiO-66 by wet impregnation method under air. The RTILs/UiO-66 composites were characterized by PXRD, FTIR, TGA, nitrogen physisorption, and CO2 adsorption. Based on the type of anions of imidazolium-based RTILs, the CO2 uptake of RTILs/UiO-66 composites followed the trend: [OTf]− > [TFSI]− > [PF₆]− > [BF₄]− at low temperature (273 K) and pressure (100 kPa). The CO2 uptake of pristine UiO-66 increased approximately 1.5 times upon incorporating [bmim][OTf]. The type of anions of imidazolium-based RTILs influences the CO2 adsorption performance of RTILs/UiO-66 composites in which anions containing fluoroalkyl group ([OTf]−, [TFSI]−) exhibited a higher CO2 uptake compared to inorganic fluorinated anions ([BF4]−, [PF6]−). Hence, the incorporation of hydrophobic imidazolium-based RTILs showed a potential to enhance the performance of UiO-66 for CO2 adsorption application.
Determination of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Household Dusts in Irbid and Mafraq Cities, Jordan
Authors: Al-Serhan Asmaa Ali , Al-Massaedh "Ayat Allah" , Al-Momani Idrees Faleh
Published: October 2023

The objective of this study was to measure the concentrations of selected heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Fe, Cr, Co, Ni, and Mn) in house dust collected during the summer and winter seasons from Mafraq and Irbid cities, Jordan. The average concentrations (±SD) of the metals were found to be 66.8 (±22.4), 10.8 (±3.75), 366 (±108), 81.6 (±43.9), 7586 (±4304), and 37.2 (±15.4) mg/kg, for Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Cr, respectively, in the summer season. The average concentrations (±SD) of the metals were found to be 92.8 (±65.5), 5.10 (±4.75), 305 (±160), 144 (±163), 5385 (±3812), 27.1 (±15.1), 18.7 (±3.70), 42.2 (±15.1), and 139 (±69.2) mg/kg, for Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Fe, Cr, Co, Ni, and Mn, respectively, in the winter season. The influence of different heating systems on the concertation of heavy metal was examined by comparing the results obtained in both summer and winter seasons. The concentrations of the metals in this study were compared with those reported by other researchers around the world. This study shows that the significant accumulation of heavy metals in house dust should be considered a serious risk to the health of residents in Mafraq and Irbid cities.
Effect of Resveratrol on Endothelial Function in Patients with CKD and Diabetes
Authors: Gimblet Colin J. , Kruse Nicholas T. , Geasland Katharine , Michelson Jeni , Sun Mingyao , Mandukhail Safur Rehman , Wendt Linder H. , Eyck Patrick Ten , Pierce Gary L. , Jalal Diana I.
Published: October 2023

Background

Patients with CKD and diabetes are at higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease, in part, because of impaired endothelial function. Cardioprotective compounds such as resveratrol could improve endothelial function and attenuate the cardiovascular burden in patients with CKD and diabetes. We hypothesized that resveratrol supplementation would improve endothelial function in patients with CKD and diabetes.

Methods

Twenty-eight adults aged 68±7 years (84% men) with stage 3 CKD and diabetes were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study to investigate the effects of 6-week resveratrol supplementation (400 mg/d) on endothelial function. Endothelial function was determined through brachial artery flow-mediated dilation.

Results

The mean values for eGFR and hemoglobin A1c were 40±9 ml/min per 1.73 m2 and 7.36%±0.72%, respectively. Compared with placebo, resveratrol supplementation increased flow-mediated dilation (ratio of geometric mean changes and 95% confidence interval for between-group comparisons, 1.43 (1.15 to 1.77); P value = 0.001). eGFR, hemoglobin A1c, BP, and nitroglycerin-mediated dilation were unchanged with resveratrol or placebo (P = 0.15), suggesting the observed change in flow-mediated dilation was likely independent of changes in traditional cardiovascular risk factors.

Conclusions

Resveratrol supplementation improved endothelial function in patients with CKD and diabetes.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number

Resveratrol and Vascular Function in CKD, NCT03597568.