bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The outcome of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma. The experience of King Fahad Specialist Hospital in Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Khalid Ahmed Al-Anazi , Mutahar E , Abduljalil O , Kanfer S , Kaloyannidis P , Estanislao A , Apostolidis I , Almokhtar N , Darweesh M , Abdulbaqi M , Alenazi W , Alshammasi Z , Alshaibani Z , Kawarie M , Raslan H , Albahrani A , Alsaber A , AlMulhem N , Dridi W , Aldayel A , Alrabeh R , Alshami A , Ayyad A , Abu Rahma F , Lardizabal J , Salam A , Haque K , Alsagheir A , Alhashmi H
Published: October 2022

Background: Aautologous hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCT) is the standard of care for newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma (MM) who are eligible for autologous transplantation. Although cryopreservation is routinely employed, autologous HSCT can be performed using non-cryopreserved stem cells. Methods and materials: A retrospective study of patients with MM who received autologous HSCT between the 10th of October 2010 and the 31st of January 2022 at King Fahad Specialist Hospital (KFSH) in Dammam, Saudi Arabia was performed. Results: Over 11 years and 113 days, a total of 135 autologous HSCTs were performed for 119 patients with MM at our institution. Single autologous HSCTs were performed for 119 patients, while 16 of these patients received either planned tandem autologous transplants or second autografts due to either progression or relapse of their myeloma. The median age of patients with MM at autologous HSCT was 51.5 years. At presentation of their MM, the following high-risk (HR) features were encountered: stage III disease according to the revised international scoring system (RISS) in 12.3%; adverse cytogenetics in 31.93% of patients; advanced bone disease in 60.50%; and renal dysfunction or failure in 11.76% of patients. A total of 104 autologous HSCTs (77.04%) were performed without cryopreservation while 31 autografts (22.96%) were performed using cryopreserved apheresis stem cell products. Additionally, 54 autologous HSCTs (40.00%) were done at outpatient while 81 autografts (60.00%) were performed in an inpatient setting. Survival for 100 days post-HSCT for all patients with MM who received autologous transplants including those done at outpatient was 100%. The 4 years overall survival (OS) an progression-free survival (PFS) for patients with MM who received non- cryopreserved or fresh autologous HSCTs were 82% and 68% respectively. Conclusion: Autologous HSCT without cryopreservation is safe, and feasible and can lead to short-term as well as long-term outcomes that are comparable to autologous transplantation with cryopreservation. Non- cryopreserved autologous grafts allow the performance of autologous transplants in an outpatient setting to save beds and reduce costs.
THE "CRISIS-TYPE" PHENOMENON OF CORRUPTION IN UKRAINE
Authors: Busol Оlena , Kostenko Oleksandr , Romanyk Bogdan
Published: October 2022

The article substantiates and proves, using a socio-naturalistic scientific approach, that corruption in Ukraine today is not an isolated phenomenon, but an organic consequence and symptom of a fundamental social crisis in the country. This means that today's Ukrainian corruption is a "crisis-type" corruption, that is, it is caused by a social crisis, which it itself deepens. The authors use the phenomenological method of studying the phenomenon of corruption. To explain social phenomena, the concept of the "sociogenic factor" is used, which is necessary for the existence of human society, namely the social culture of people as a measure of consistency of their will and consciousness with the laws of social nature. People's social culture consists of the following types: political, economic, legal, moral, religious, scientific and technical, rehabilitative, ecological, etc. Crisis-type corruption is also a phenomenon of "crimes caused by social anomalies". Corruption is a real phenomenon, but unnatural, because it manifests a violation of the laws of social nature with which people's social life should be coordinated. The authors present the concept of "anti-corruption vices," according to which anti-corruption measures can be effective only if they combine the following: 1) administrative (repressive) means; 2) reforms aimed at creating conditions in which it becomes profitable to live and work honestly. The concept is based on the fact that corruption in Ukraine today has a completely unique character, which distinguishes it from corruption in Western countries not only in quantitative characteristics, but also in qualitative. The results of the study of the unique Ukrainian corruption phenomenon and their consideration in improving anti-corruption policy in Ukraine can be very useful for other countries suffering from "crisis-type" corruption.
Perception of environmental information materials by youth audiences: Results of a neuromarketing study
Authors:   South Ural State University, Russia, Lobodenko Lidiya , Shesterkina Liudmila , Cheredniakova Anna , Perevozova Olga , Kharitonova Olga
Published: October 2022

The paper presents the results of using eye-tracking technologies to study news materials on environmental topics collected as stimulus material and classified according to their impact on audience perception. The empirical material of the study came from news websites covering environmental issues. For objectivity, we compared two regional media resources – 74.ru (Chelyabinsk) and Aktobe Times2. We present our analysis of participants’ response to the studied materials and the degree of their influence on the participants’ emotional state and behavioral reactions. The paper also supplements the data obtained from content analysis in previous studies and expands the understanding of this issue. The chosen quantitative and qualitative approach to content research allowed us to determine the semantic and stylistic features of constructing ecotexts, determine their connotative characteristics, and classify them by groups, topics, and categories. The paper also contains survey data contributing to a deeper study of the stated problem and focusing on a detailed study of the audience’s behavioral responses. The survey data allowed us to confirm the expressed hypotheses and highlight the active areas of interest of the youth readership. Alongside the presented conclusions and points of discussion, we expressed the main assumptions highlighting the features of the formation of environmental texts in the news media.
Impact of latent toxoplasmosis on thyroid diseases during gestation
Authors: Zhima Mohammed Rasheed  , Sarmad Nagemaldeen Mageed
Published: October 2022

Toxoplasmosis is among the most widely diseases that distributed by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. So in the case of pregnancy, latent toxoplasmosis is a risk factor which causes thyroid disease. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of latent toxoplasmosis on thyroid diseases during gestation. 214 blood samples were collected from pregnant women who admitted to different hospitals in Erbil governorate. ELISA technique was used for detecting Toxoplasma IgG antibody, as well as determining serum levels of thyroid hormone levels. Overall, 23.37% of tested samples were Toxoplasma gondii IgG seropositive. Latent toxoplasmosis has a positive correlation with thyroxin (T4) (p=0.026), however, no significant correlation was found with both thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and triiodothyronine (T3) (p>0.05). No significant differences were found between Toxoplasma IgG seropositive and seronegative groups as related to trimester, age, city, place, blood group, occupation, food habit, animal contact, disease, and vitamin D level, except the characteristic of abortion, which was significant at a p=0.042. In conclusion, latent toxoplasmosis had significant impact on the occurrence of T4 secretion during gestation. Whereas, TSH and T3 had no significant association with latent toxoplasmosis. Increasing the awareness of toxoplasmosis among pregnant women is required to avoid their deleterious effects, which has a notable impact on lowering the rate of abortion caused by this parasite.
Contemporary view on chronic limb ischemia
Authors: Ismailov Uktam Safaevich  , Xomidov Feruz Kasimovich
Published: October 2022

Chronic limb ischemia is a progressive and life threatening disease which in turn effects on quality of life. Up to date several studies have been conducted to timely identify and manage of the disease. Timely identification, diagnosis and treatment of this pathological condition will play crucial role to reduce burden in healthcare associated with this disorder. In this article latest data are shown on chronic limb ischemia, its pathophysiology, and treatment and prevention measurements together with general information on this disorder. Furthermore, latest clinical trials and studies are summarized in order in depth understand the exact mechanisms of the disease.
The integrated optokinetic nystagmus inter-saccadic interval scales statistical different in a group of vertigo patients depended on the stimulation velocity, but not for healthy subjects
Authors: Torbjørn Aasen
Published: October 2022

Optokinetic nystagmus is rhythmic eye movements, back and forth, with a slow and fast phase, when the eyes are presented for full-field visual stimulus. OKN was recorded in 10 healthy subjects and 10 patients suffering from vertigo, for four conditions: stripes moving 30 o/s left and right and 60 o/s left and right. The aim of the present study was to analyze if the optokinetic stimulation intensity, stripes moving with angular velocity of 30 and 60 o/s, below and above the normal threshold for smooth pursuit function, influences the scaling properties of the integrated optokinetic nystagmus inter-saccadic intervals in a group of patients suffering from vertigo and a group of healthy subjects. Calculating the scaling, the spread over time, for the integrated optokinetic nystagmus inter-saccadic intervals, the time intervals between the onsets of consecutive fast components, shows lower Hurst exponent for velocity stimulation of 30o/s compared to 60o/s for both patients and health subjects, but only reach statistical significance for the group of patients. This result is a novel finding.
A review on orodispersible film a novel approach of drug delivery system
Authors: Ruchi Sharma  , Deepika Joshi  , Bhavana Singh  , Nidhi Semwal
Published: October 2022

The effective distribution of the drug to the body is the main objective of every drug delivery mechanism, but patient compliance must also be taken into consideration. Fasat-dissolving drug delivery technologies, such Or dispersible Films (ODFs), make it simple to administer medication to the general public as well as to certain demographic groups with swallowing issues, like youngsters and the elderly. ODFs are cutting-edge dosage forms that dissolve and disintegrate inside the mouth. Intra-oral absorption enables quick action and aids in avoiding first-pass effects, reducing the unit dose needed to deliver the desired therapeutic effect. In comparison to ODTs, or dispersible films dissolve and disintegrate in less than one minute with very little saliva moisture. It can be used safely even if water is not available, as or dispersible films require the use of water.
UDAR: Past, Present, and Future. An Operator’s Experience and Perspective on the Challenges and Opportunities in Applications With Ultra-Deep Resistivity Tools
Authors:   BP, Bergeron John , Rabinovich Michael ,   BP, Murtuzaliyev Murad ,   BP, Ronald Andy ,   BP, Binyatov Elnur ,   BP
Published: October 2022

Proactive geosteering, landing, geostopping, geomapping and look ahead (LAH) applications of Ultra-Deep Azimuthal Resistivity (UDAR) tools are becoming more common in operator new well delivery practices. In very specific and niche wells, almost exclusively HAHZ, the value of information provided by these tools can significantly exceed the high cost of the service. In the past, UDAR technology was primarily used only for geosteering high value, generally offshore, horizontal wells, where the objective is typically to increase net pay. As time progresses, the application of UDAR has grown past HAHZ-limited applications to now include look around for geomapping and look ahead for geostopping. From an operator’s perspective, the justification for high cost of UDAR is always challenged by not only the uncertainty of what the tool will deliver, but what will be the reasonable actions based on the provided deliverables at the time of drilling. UDAR service companies seem to be in a depth of detection “arms race” but what operators really want is greater understanding of uncertainty with the goal of better well delivery through confident decision making. One way to hedge this risk is to have clear KPI (key performance indicator) based pricing strategy, where vendor pre-drill study claims are tested during and after the drilling and compensation is based on their validation. Another limitation contributing to the underutilization of the UDAR service, and associated operator increased risk exposure, is the present-day inability for operators to verify pre-drill studies, real time inversions, and post drill interpretations via in-house modelling. Modelling is particularly important for the UDAR service where the scientific and mathematical complexity of inversion extends far beyond human intuition. We believe that with the right application and pricing strategies, UDAR could grow past the high-value / high-cost portfolio of the past and be used on a more typical borehole assembly (BHA) in the future. In this paper, we will discuss our UDAR journey thus far, including reflections on past applications, present challenges and we will propose some improvements, including standardization, that we hope the industry accepts to grow the quality and the number of future applications.
What Next After a Decade With Significant Advances in the Application of Deep Directional Measurements?
Authors:   Equinor ASA, Antonsen Frank , Danielsen Berit Ensted ,   Equinor ASA, Jensen Kåre Røsvik ,   Equinor ASA, Prymak-Moyle Marta ,   Equinor ASA, Lotsberg Jon Kåre ,   Equinor ASA, Teixeira De Oliveira Maria Emilia ,   Equinor ASA, Vik Constable Monica ,   Equinor ASA
Published: October 2022

Equinor has played an important role the last decade in testing and development of ultra-deep azimuthal resistivity (UDAR) measurements both for Look-Ahead and Look-Around applications. Today, more than 70% of Equinor high angle or horizontal wells are drilled with UDAR-technology. In this paper, the authors will review the use of UDAR in Equinor the last decade and highlight both successful use and real-time challenges related to interpretation of the inversion results. UDAR-technology and inversion algorithms have been very powerful for reservoir mapping to geosteer or geostop according to plan. However, we forget far too often the fact that we need a good understanding of the reservoir to interpret and evaluate the uncertainty in the inversion result. The number one mistake in a real-time setting is to interpret a resistivity contrast as a specific layer in the reservoir (for instance top reservoir) and hold on to that same interpretation even if we drill away from that contrast and may cross multiple layers as distance to the observed contrast increase. Other challenging real-time UDAR-exercises relate to uncertainties in the prediction of resistivity inside the reservoir and reservoir thickness from inversion results when still drilling above the reservoir. A third mistake often seen real-time is detailed interpretation of 1D-inversion results, even when other indicators are pointing towards 2D/3D complexities in the reservoir. Equinor and other operators have pushed for more and more advanced inversion solutions leading to 3D mapping capabilities for more complex reservoirs. The UDAR advances the last few years are important for Equinor’s planned roadmap ahead. However, 1D-3D inversion results can result in wrong decisions if the uncertainty in the inversion result is not managed correctly. We see a need to investigate how to best exploit UDAR-technology and inversion results within its limits, but also ensure assumptions are not extended beyond an acceptable uncertainty level. Better handling of uncertainties in geosteering operations will become increasingly important for the well economy with smaller targets, complex geological settings, and varying sweep efficiencies. How can we best handle the uncertainty in inversion results in real-time operations to avoid wrong decisions that can potentially destroy well economy? This is an important question which will be addressed and should be handled in the future if UDAR-technology is to continue having an important role in many of the wells to be drilled the next decades.
The Journey of Reservoir Mapping While Drilling in Kuwait – What Was Learned, and What Is Needed for the Future
Authors:   Kuwait Oil Company, Al-Khalifa Nasser Faisal , Joshi Deepak ,   Kuwait Oil Company, Hassan Mohammed Farouk ,   Kuwait Oil Company, Tiwary Asheshwar ,   Kuwait Oil Company, Pasaribu Ihsan T. ,   Schlumberger, Siam Mahmoud ,   Schlumberger, Keot Chandan J. ,   Schlumberger
Published: October 2022

An oil and gas operator in Kuwait used different ultradeep azimuthal resistivity (UDAR) technologies in a carbonate reservoir for different applications related to the position of the current oil-water contact (COWC). The reservoir was currently being produced with more than 57 years of production history. Because of its long production history and variable water drawdown in a different part of the field, undulating current oil-water contact (COWC), and the uncertainty of the position of the COWC, there were concerns. The UDAR look-around technology was introduced for the first time in the Umm-Gudair (UG) field in the West Kuwait region. The UDAR technology solution offers a proactive approach to mapping COWC while drilling. Hence it eliminates the conventional approach for drilling a pilot hole. The UDAR family has been enriched with a look-ahead capability. It is therefore being tested in the field with a slant deviated well where it proved its capability to detect the COWC ahead of the bit. The utilization of the UDAR solution and its application evolved from a look-around to a look-ahead capability. A discussion about this evolution will be shared along with the lessons learned from the predrilling feasibility study, execution, and post-analysis results. The paper will also reveal the potential applications for UDAR technology for 3D mapping application. These enhanced demonstrations will disclose additional information about the undulating COWC around the well bore region. The lessons learned from UDAR look-around, UDAR look-ahead and UDAR 3D mapping technologies on the tested case study wells give insight into the selection criteria for using these three technologies. The selection criteria are driven by the prognosis of the position of the well relative to the projected COWC based on offset well data. The threshold distance should be 30 to 40 ft total vertical depth (TVD) from COWC to ensure production sustainability. The new 3D mapping capability from UDAR integrated to the seismic is the next application of UDAR. This capability gives an ability for the oil and gas operator to enhance the understanding of full 3D geometry of structural geometry and can be extended to the fluid contact shape.
Volcanic activity of the Kuril Islands in 2020–2021
Authors:   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics of the Far Eastern Branch of RAS, Degterev A.V. , Chibisova M.V. ,   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics of the Far Eastern Branch of RAS
Published: October 2022

The data on volcanic activity in the Kuril Islands during 2020–2021 are presented. The activity of Ebeko (Paramushir Island), Chirinkotan (Chirinkotan Island) and Sarychev Peak (Matua Island) volcanoes is characterized on the basis of satellite data and results of visual observations. In 2020–2021 a weak (to moderate) explosive eruption (VEI 1-2), which has begun in autumn 2016, continued on Ebeko volcano. During the period under review, at least 1169 emissions were recorded at a height of 1.5–3 (up to 5) km a.s.l. In the interval from May till July, a sharp increase in the explosive activity of the volcano was noted, during this time more than half of the total number of explosions occurred: 2020 – 298 out of 558, 2021 – 344 out of 611. The ashfalls of varying intensity were periodically observed in Severo-Kurilsk. The active phase of the eruption has ended in December 2021, only 2 weak explosions occurred. A moderate (VEI 2) explosive eruption took place on Chirinkotan volcano from August 8 to August 23, 2021. At least 12 volcanic explosions were recorded at a height of 1.5 to 4.5 km a.s.l. An effusive eruption was observed on the Sarychev Peak volcano from December 2020 till February 2021: the crater was filled with lava, after which it erupted along the northeastern slope of the edifice. In 2021, the activity of the volcano was characterized by manifestations of several episodes of an explosive nature: on June 29, July 1, August 6, and November 26, single, relatively weak ejections to a height of about 2.2–3 km a.s.l. were recorded (VEI 2).
The content of trace elements in some invertebrate species from the Terpeniya Bay, the Sea of Okhotsk
Authors:   Sakhalin Branch of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (SakhNIRO), Poltev Yu.N. , Koreneva T.G. ,   Sakhalin Branch of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (SakhNIRO), Maryzhikhin V.E. ,   Sakhalin Branch of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (SakhNIRO)
Published: October 2022

The data on atomic absorption determination of the content of trace elements in the tissues and organs of some invertebrate species sampled in January 2021 from the by-catch in the Eleginus gracilis fishery in the Terpeniya Bay, the Sea of Okhotsk are presented. The concentrations of toxic normalized trace elements (As, Pb, Cd) in commercial species are shown not to exceed the permissible levels.
Pattern and type permanence in the Kasongan area: Typo-morphology study towards a sustainable Pottery Tourism Village
Authors: Sunaryo Rony Gunawan , Pudianti Anna , Purbadi Yohanes Djarot
Published: October 2022

The study aims to determine the pattern and type permanence levels of the elements used to build the Kasongan area in the last 60 years. Permanence is an approach used to determine identity in the context of regional change. Kasongan is a rural-urban area with agrarian resources located between Bantul and Yogyakarta and influenced by urban globalization. This historic area is almost two centuries old and has developed into a village of pottery craftsmen. Adaptation to environmental and cultural changes after the 1960s made Kasongan transform from an agrarian village character to an industrial and then to a tourism village-town. Changes in this region can be seen in the building and area typology, which developed into a sustainable tourism area. The locus taken is a part of the Kajen and Beton Hamlet, which are indicated as early stages of growth and development direction for the Kasongan in the last few decades. The is a typo-morphological study carried out using a morphological mapping method and a regional typological process. The results found spatial patterns and types that (1) persisted as the initial identity, (2) changed, and (3) disappeared.
Interpretation of the Bedawang Nala ornament located on the base of Pura Pabean in Buleleng Regency Indonesia
Authors: Idedhyana Ida Bagus , Rijasa Made Mariada
Published: October 2022

Pura (temple) is a sacred place for the Hindus in Bali, such as Pura Pabean, which is included in pura kahyangan jagat (temple for all people). Pura Pabean is located on the northern part of the main Singaraja-Gilimanuk road, Banyupoh Village, Gerokgak Sub-district, Buleleng Regency, Indonesia. The area also extends into the ocean and is positioned on steep rocky terrain. Unlike other Pura in Bali, this temple stands on the base of an ornament, as a Bedawang Nala (cosmic tortoise) with two dragons (serpents) wrapped around the body. The embodiments of the tortoise and the two dragons are the essential parts of the temple, with their heads overlooking the ocean. Therefore, this study aims to examine the interpretation of Bedawang Nala, as the Hindu icon located on the base of Pura Pabean. In this analysis, Capon's theory was developed and combined with the stages of the hermeneutic method. The analyzed Bedawang Nala was also a combination of Akupara (tortoise) with Vedava-nala (cosmic fire/fire of the apocalypse). This indicated that the body was similar to that of a tortoise, with the head being observed as a cosmic fire resembling the figure of a mare. The results showed that Bedawang functioned as an aesthetic and symbolic ornament, which depicted the bhu mandala (earth or region) in the middle of the ocean. This was a description of God's position in His manifestation, as the ruler of ports, trade, and water flow. These results are expected to develop the traditional Balinese architecture in the present and future activities and performances.
STRUCTURAL AND LITHOLOGICAL MODEL OF THE ZHEZHELIV DEPOSIT OF ELUVIAL KAOLIN
Authors: Kroshko Y.V. , Kovalchuk M.S. , Kuzmanenko H.O. , Okholina T.V.
Published: October 2022

This study characterizes the geological structure of the Zhezheliv eluvial kaolin deposit, zoning and material composition of the weathering crust, and the mineral composition and physicochemical characteristics of eluvial kaolins. The relationship between rock-forming oxides and the distribution of the contents of Fe2O3, TiO2 and Al2O3 in the vertical section and through the area were investigated. The content of titanium and iron oxides in the kaolin concentrate and its granulometric composition were characterized, depending on the petrotypes of the weathered parent rocks. Maps of the relationship between isolines of the top surface of eluvial kaolins, isolines of their thickness and isolines of the surface of their base have been compiled. A correlation has been established between the topography of the bottom and top and the thickness of the kaolin deposit. A map of the spatial distribution of kaolin whiteness has been compiled. The vertical distribution of whiteness and Fe2O3 and TiO2 contents was investigated for individual wells in the kaolin deposit. It was found that there is no steady correlation between the content of Fe2O3 and TiO2 in the vertical section. The whiteness index of kaolins in the vertical section depends on the content of the indicated oxides or one of them. Based on the analysis of satellite images at different times, the change in the area of the disturbed geological environment during the deposit development through 2006-2020 was assessed.
SUBSTANTIATION OF THE CHOICE OF A RATIONAL ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL DECISION FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE UNDERGROUND PART OF HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS WHEN USING THE “UP−DOWN” METHOD
Authors: KRAVCHUNOVSKA T.S. , ZAIATS Ye.I. , DADIVERINA L.M. , TKACH T.V.
Published: October 2022

Problem statement. There is a noticeable tendency to increase the number of storeys of buildings and constructions with the development of urbanisation and growing demand for urban development. Analysis of the number of residential and public buildings damaged due to hostilities in Ukraine shows the prospects of restoring the large settlements by rebuilding the high-rise buildings, increasing the total number of storeys, and forming the infrastructure complexes of a new generation. Limited time and planned investments increase involving international finance institutions caused the problem with the effective evaluation of methods for constructing high-rise buildings, considering extremely short deadlines on the major construction and installation work. Purpose of the article – is to develop a method of choice of a rational organisational and technological decision for constructing the underground parts of high-rise buildings, which is based on an analysis of the factor of construction work complexity, considering the “up−down” method and the experts' evaluation method. Conclusion. The choice of the reasonable organisational and technological decision regarding the construction of high-rise buildings' underground parts considering the “up−down” method was justified. The factors that impact the complexity of construction work in the construction of underground parts of high-rise buildings were revealed. It was determined that for the construction of the pit in the construction of the underground part of high-rise buildings, which have deep foundations and a multi-storey system of deep floors, with the “up−down” method application, the use of the semi-closed method is reasonable. To make a justified decision on the choice of rational option for constructing the pit in the construction of the underground part of high-rise buildings by the “up−down” method for each case of changing the initial project data, performing the analysis according to the proposed method was recommended.
EVOLUTION OF CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF THE CASCADE OF HYDROPOWER PLANTS ON THE DNIPRO RIVER
Authors: SAVYTSKYІ M. V. , OHDANSKYI I.F. , SAVYTSKYІ O.M. , OHDANSKYI K.M.
Published: October 2022

Formulation of the problem. A hydroelectric power plant is a power plant that generates electricity due to the water pressure that flows on the turbine blade and thus drives the generators. The height of the riverbed is required for the operation of the hydroelectric power plant. To create it, a dam is being built, which also serves as a reservoir and allows HPPs to operate at any time. As a result, water falls from a height, falls on the turbine blades and causes them to rotate, and they, in turn, cause the generator shaft to rotate and generate electricity. Derivation is also used to create the required water pressure − drainage of water from the riverbed by a canal or water supply system to hydraulic structures. Sometimes both dam and derivation are used at the same time. The idea of building dams on the Dnieper originated in the XVIII century during the reign of Catherine II. After the conquest of Crimea and Tavria, the empire saw the Dnieper as a promising transport artery for the delivery of goods to new lands and strengthening its position in the east. The use of the river as such was hindered by the famous Dnieper rapids, so the priority in the projects of that time was to ensure navigation along the Dnieper by flooding them. The purpose of the article is a historical analysis of the evolution of the creation, operation, development and modernization of the cascade of hydroelectric power plants on the Dnieper River. Conclusions. The use of hydroelectric power plants provides significant benefits for the development of Ukraine's economy. The main advantage of the hydroelectric power plant is the lack of costs for “fuel”, because for the production of electricity here are used renewable energy sources − water. Hydropower plants also have a long “use” period: some can run for up to 100 years. Hydropower plants can adapt very quickly and at any time to the changing needs of the energy market, increasing or decreasing production. The HPP can be put into operation in a few minutes. HPP is the absence of carbon dioxide. Minor emissions can occur only during the construction of stations. As a result, the final cost of electricity is much lower than in other types of power plants, so it is important to support hydropower in Ukraine for future generations.
HUMOR EXPRESSION IN SARAH SECHAN TALKSHOW
Authors: Purwati Dewi
Published: October 2022

Humor has a crucial function in talk show because talk show without humor can be flat and boring. Therefore, it is important to investigate types of humor which are occurred in talk show, especially by audience. The focus of this paper is to explore the humor expressions and its function used by host and guest in Sarah Sechan talk show. This study focused on Sarah Sechan talk show in Obrolan Seru Sarah Sechan Bersama Pak Ahok episode which employed the host and guest. To collect data, the researcher downloaded the video from internet with duration one hour and nine minutes. The video of this talk show was obtained, transcribed, and analyzed by using discourse analysis approach. The humor expression used by the host and guest were discussed based on the types of humor of Norrick (1993) and the functions of those humors were analyzed based on Meyer (2000). Findings show that host and guest employed various humors during the talk show. Their humor expression can be as irony, teasing, banter, language play, and joking. In addition, the functions of humors which appear in Sarah Sechan talk show are identification, clarification, enforcement, and differentiation. Findings of this study are relevant in the development of Sarah Sechan talk show particularly to be more creative and interesting talk show for audience.
Glifosat Bazlı Herbisitin Erkek Nil Tilapiyası (Oreochromis niloticus) Üreme Dokuları ve Sperm Hücreleri Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: ACAR Ümit , İNANAN Burak Evren , ZEMHERİ NAVRUZ Fahriye , YILMAZ Sevdan
Published: October 2022

Glifosat bazlı formülasyonlar, dünyada en yaygın kullanılan herbisit tarım ilaçlarındandır. Bu çalışmada, su kaynaklı glifosatın erkek Nil Tilapyası (Oreochromis niloticus) testis, sperm kanalı, testiküler ve sağım yolu ile elde edilmiş spermatozoa örnekleri üzerine etkileri belirlenmiştir. Bu amaçla, balıklar 14 gün boyunca 0, 5, 10, 20, 30 ve 40 mg/L glifosat içeren deneme akvaryumlarında tutulmuşlardır. >10 mg/L glifosatın, sağım yoluyla ve testislerden alınmış olan spermatozoa örneklerinin motilite, canlılık süresi ve vitalite değerlerini azaltıcı etkisi gözlemlenmiştir. 40 mg/L glifosat grubunda hem testiküler hem de sağım yoluyla elde edilmiş spermatozoa örneklerinde en düşük vitalite değerleri saptanmıştır. >10 mg/L üzerindeki glifosat maruziyetinin, spermatozoa hücrelerinin oksidatif dengesinde değişimlere yol açtığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, testis ve sperm kanalı dokularında glifosat etkisi ile oluşan lipid peroksidasyon seviyelerindeki azalmaların, kontrol grubuna alınan testis örneği haricinde istatistiki açıdan önemli farklar göstermediği saptanmıştır. Katalaz aktivitesi ise kontrol grubuna kıyasla >5mg/L glifosat gruplarında özellikle testis dokularında artış göstermektedir. Sperm kanalı dokusundaki oksidatif cevap, testis dokusundan farklı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma ile glifosat bazlı yaygın olarak kullanılan ticari bir herbisitin, erkek Nil Tilapyası balığı üreme sistemi üzerine etkileri gösterilmiştir. Ortamda bulunan özellikle 5 mg/L’den fazla olan glifosat konsantrasyonun spermatozoa parametrelerine olumsuz yansıdığı saptanmıştır. Bununla birlikte daha yüksek konsantrasyonların bu herbisitin üreme sistemi dokularındaki oksidatif stres koşullarını etkileyebildiği gösterilmiştir.
Silvopastoral Keçi Üretim Sistemleri için Önem Taşıyan Bazı Çalı ve Ağaç Yapraklarının Besin Madde Bileşimleri
Authors: AKBAĞ Hande Işıl
Published: October 2022

Ülkemizde silvopastoral sistemin önemli bir parçası olan çalılı mera alanları hayvansal üretime kaba yem kaynağı sunmanın yanı sıra çevrenin sürdürülebilirliğine ve verimliliğe de katkı sunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacını silvopastoral keçi üretim sistemlerinde beslemede önem taşıyan bazı çalı ve ağaç türlerinin besin madde bileşiminin mevsimsel değişiminin ortaya konması oluşturmuştur. Çalışmada katran ardıcı, çam, kermes meşesi ve tavşanmemesi bitkilerinin besin madde bileşimi ve sindirilebilir kuru madde (SKM) düzeyleri tahmin edilmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre çalı ve ağaç türlerinin ham protein içeriklerinin (HP) kuru maddede %5.85-15.66, nötr çözücülerde çözünmeyen lif (NDF) düzeylerinin kuru maddede %31.70-48.93, asit çözücülerde çözünmeyen lif (ADF) düzeylerinin kuru maddede %13.96-31.33, asit çözücülerde çözünmeyen lignin (ADL) düzeylerinin kuru maddede %6.69-13.17, SKM değerlerinin kuru maddede %58.24-78.02 ve metabolize olabilir enerji (ME) düzeylerinin yine kuru maddede 2.27-2.96 Mcal/kg arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Tavşanmemesi dışında kalan türlerin HP içerikleri düşük olduğundan yüksek verim düzeyini desteklemek için yıl boyu proteince zengin yem kaynaklarıyla ek yemlemeye ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır. Bitkilerin ME düzeyleri açısından ise yeterli olduğu belirlenmiştir.
The effect of barley paste, barley straw and wheat bran addition to sugar beet leaves silages on feed value, silage quality and in vitro organic matter digestibility
Authors: GÜL Sevilay
Published: October 2022

This study has been carried out to investigate the effects of adding barley paste, barley straw, and wheat bran to sugar beet leaves (SBL) silages on the nutrient content, silage quality and in vitro organic matter digestibility of the silages. Following the sugar beet harvest, 10% barley paste (BP), 10% barley straw (BS), and 10% wheat bran (WB) were added to the sugar beet leaves taken after the sugar beet harvest, and then they were ensiled in 1 liter special glass jars and four application groups were formed as being control, SBL+BP, SBL+BS, and SBL+WB. Analyzes were carried out in three replications for each silage group. According to the study findings, for the control, SBL+BP, SBL+BS and SBL+WB groups respectively, dry matter at percentages of 18.65%, 23.35%, 21.40%, 21.02%, pH at levels of 4.01, 3.89, 3.94, 3.91, and crude protein at percentages of 11.24%, 12.06%, 7.83%, 11.32% were found. At the end of the study, it was determined that the addition of 10% barley paste to the sugar beet leaves increased the silage dry matter content and fleig score.
Fındık Zuruf Kompostunun Aşılı Domates Bitkisinin Gelişimi ile Bazı Besin Maddesi İçerikleri Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: TARAKÇIOĞLU Ceyhan , ÖZTÜRK Yasin
Published: October 2022

Bu çalışmada fındık zurufu kompostunun 'Kudret' ve 'Arazi' anacı üzerine aşılı domates çeşidinin kuru ağırlık ve bazı besin maddesi içeriklerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla fındık zuruf kompostu % 0-1-2-3-4 ve 5 oranında uygulanmış ve deneme tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre 4 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, artan düzeylerde uygulanan fındık zuruf kompostu, bitkinin kuru ağırlığını düzensiz bir şekilde etkilemiş olup; aşılı bitkilerin kuru ağırlığı daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Kompost uygulamaları ile yaprağın azot (N) içeriği önemli (% 1) bir şekilde artarken, bitkinin fosfor (P) içeriği sırasıyla en yüksek Torry ve Arazi ’de % 4, Kudret’te % 5 uygulamasında belirlenmiştir. Yaprakların potasyum (K) içeriği kompost dozu ile önemli bir şekilde artmasına rağmen, kalsiyum (Ca) içeriği % 1 kompost dozundan sonra önemli bir şekilde azalmıştır. Artan düzeylerde kompost uygulaması yaprağın çinko (Zn) ve bakır (Cu) içeriğini kontrole göre arttırmıştır. Aşılı bitki yapraklarının N, Ca, Zn ve Cu içerikleri aşısız bitkiden yüksek iken, yalnızca K, Ca ve Cu içerikleri bakımından çeşitler arasında önemli ilişkiler saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, en düşük besin maddesi içeriklerinin genellikle aşısız bitkilerde olduğu, fındık zuruf kompostunun bitkilerin gelişimi ve besin maddesi içeriklerini artırdığı tespit edilmiştir.
Mental Model of Mothers of Adolescent Girls and Health Service Providers on HPV Vaccination in Urban Slum Areas of Dhaka, Bangladesh: A Mixed-Method Study
Authors: Haseen Fariha , Hridi Hridi , Sony Sadia Akter , Basak Dilip Kumar , Islam Md Monirul , Akther Sharlin , Islam Syed Shariful
Published: October 2022

Background: The study aimed to explore the perception of mothers of adolescent girls and health service providers in urban slums toward HPV vaccination. Methodology: A cross-sectional mixed-method study in the slums of Rayer Bazaar, Kamlapur and Mohakhali was conducted. The quantitative part included a household survey of mothers (n=150) and service providers (n=30) through a semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire and qualitative interviews included in-depth interviews (IDI) with mothers (n=10) and key-informant interviews (KII) with service providers (n=10). Results: Around 96% of mothers had never heard of HPV, and 98% were unaware that the virus's transmission could be halted. Only 3.3% of mothers were aware that HPV can cause cervical cancer, although, during IDI, it was seen that the majority of mothers said that cervical cancer is a communicable disease. Nearly 98% of mothers wanted their daughters to get vaccinated. Service providers had a good understanding of HPV, HPV vaccine, and cervical cancer. All service providers during KII agreed that if they had received adequate training on HPV vaccination and cervical cancer, they could have treated their patients better. Conclusion: The findings of this study have important implications for the design and advocacy of HPV immunization programs in Bangladesh.
Ashâbü’l-hadîs ve Tâbilerine Göre Vahyin Keyfiyeti ve Yedi Harfin Mahiyeti
Authors: ESER Kadir
Published: October 2022

Bu çalışmada Ashabü’l-hadîs, Hanbelîler ve Selefîlerin vahyin keyfiyeti ve yedi harf hakkındaki düşünceleri ele alınmış ve yedi harf tanımlarıyla vahyin keyfiyeti hakkındaki inançlarının ne ölçüde tutarlı olduğu tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. İslam düşüncesini derinden etkileyen ekollerden biri Ashâbü’l-hadîsdir. Ashâbü’l-hadîs zihniyeti son yüzyılda Selefîlik adı altında tezahür etmiş ve farklı coğrafyalarda yaşayan bireyler üzerinde oldukça etkili olmuştur. Ashâbü’l-hadîs ve tâbilerinin temel prensiplerinden biri Kur’ân’ın yaratılmadığı düşüncesidir. Onlar vahyin keyfiyetini de bu düşünceye uygun olarak tasvir etmişlerdir. Vahyin keyfiyetiyle ilişkilendirilebilecek hususlardan biri de yedi harf meselesidir. Bununla birlikte yedi harfin mahiyetini belirleyen bir nas yoktur. Bu bakımdan yedi harfin mahiyetine ilişkin tanımlar, Kur’ân ve vahiy tasavvuru hakkında önemli ipuçları içermektedir. Dolayısıyla vahyin keyfiyetine ilişkin tasvirlerle yedi harf tanımlarının tutarlı olması beklenir. Kur’an tasavvurunun, yorum faaliyetlerinin yönünü ve sınırlarını büyük ölçüde belirlediği söylenebilir. Yorum faaliyetlerinin sağlam bir zemine oturtulması ve sınırlarının doğru bir şekilde tespit edilebilmesi için Kur’ân tasavvurunun tutarlı bir bütün oluşturması gerekir. Bu nedenle Ashâbü’l-hadîs ve tâbilerinin Kur’ân tasavvurunu farklı yönlerden ele alıp incelemek elzemdir. Çalışmada tasvir yöntemi benimsenmiştir. Mihne döneminin öne çıkan şahsiyeti Ahmed b. Hanbel’den günümüze, farklı devirlerde Ashâbü’l-hadîs zihniyetini temsil ettiğini düşündüğümüz müelliflerin eserleri taranmış, konuyla ilgili görüşler analiz edilerek ve iç tutarlılıkları gözetilerek araştırmaya alınmıştır. Görüşlerin naklinde kronolojiye riayet edilmiştir. Ashâbü’l-hadîs ve tâbileri lafız ve manasıyla Kur’ân’ın yaratılmadığını; vahyin harf, kelime ve seslerden müteşekkil bir şekilde Allah’tan çıktığını ileri sürmektedir. Onlara göre Cebrâil Kur’ân’ı semâ yoluyla Allah’tan almış ve yine aynı yöntemle Hz. Peygambere aktarmıştır. Diğer yandan Ashâbü’l-hadîs ve Selefîler yedi harf rivayetlerini, aynı manayı ifade eden farklı lafızlarla Kur’ân’ın okunması şeklinde yorumlamışlardır. Yedi harfe ilişkin bu yorumun, vahyin keyfiyetine ilişkin düşünceleriyle uzlaştırılması mümkün görünmemektedir. Günümüz tefsir faaliyetlerini büyük ölçüde etkisi altına aldığını düşündüğümüz Selefî tefsir anlayışının diğer Kur’ân ilimleriyle ne ölçüde tutarlı olduğunu incelemek, tefsir faaliyetlerinin doğru bir mecrada yürümesine katkıda sağlayacaktır.
Features of the course of gallstone disease in comorbid patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Ufimtseva Irina V. , Pirogova Irina Yu. , Sinitsyn Sergey P. , Yakovleva Sofiya V.
Published: October 2022

Objective: to improve diagnostic and therapeutic tactics in patients with cholelithiasis in combination with NAFLD, taking into account the impact of comorbidity. Materials and methods: We examined 180 people who applied to the Lotos Medical Center in Chelyabinsk in the period 2018-2020 with cholelithiasis and NAFLD at the age of 19 to 65 years. The study included 128 women (72%) and 52 men (28%). The mean age of the participants was 51.3±9 years. The work took into account anamnestic (comorbid pathology) anthropometric data (height, body weight, body mass index, waist circumference). All patients underwent general clinical, biochemical blood tests, ultrasound of the abdominal cavity, MSCT of the abdominal cavity with an assessment of the density of liver tissue, bile and gallbladder stones. Results of the study: The study showed that among patients with cholelithiasis in combination with NAFLD, 56% had comorbidity. Gallstones of low density were found in 41.6%, high density in 58.4%. Comorbid pathology was represented by obesity, cardiovascular diseases, pathology of the endocrine system, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and diseases of the kidneys and urinary system. In the group of patients with gallstones with a density of more than 75 Hounsfield units, comorbid pathology was more common, and the degree of liver steatosis and fibrosis was higher. During treatment with UDCA 15 mg/kg, positive dynamics was observed in patients with low-density stones: a decrease in stone density and size (effective litholysis), normalization of liver density, normalization of cytolysis, cholestasis, and carbohydrate metabolism. In patients with gallstones over 75 Hounsfield units, there was a decrease in bile density without effective litholysis, normalization of cytolysis stigmas, cholestasis, correction of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Conclusion: in patients with cholelithiasis in combination with NAFLD, comorbid pathology is more common, which negatively affects the effectiveness of litholysis and worsens the prognosis in these patients. Medical litholysis in these patients is possible only at the initial stage of the disease in the presence of stones of low density and size. UDCA therapy makes it possible to control the density of bile and the size of gallbladder stones, the activity of the inflammatory process in the liver, preventing the progression and complications of NAFLD and cholelithiasis in comorbid patients.
Free-radical liver damage correction in mechanical jaundice
Authors: Belyaev Alexander N. , Boyarkin Evgeny V. , Kostin Sergey V. , Parkin Pavel N. , Babas Denis V. , Belyaev Sergey A.
Published: October 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of resveratrol in patients with morphofunctional liver disorders due to mechanical jaundice. Methods: The controlled mechanical jaundice was simulated on the rats under anesthesia by drainage of the choledochus and its plugging. In the control group decompression of the choledochus was performed on the 3rd day and intravenous infusion of 0,9% sodium chloride solution was administrated for 12 days. In the experimental group after billiar decompression, resveratrol was administered intravenously at a dose of 20 mg/kg. The following were studied: level of malondialdehyde, catalase, bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), aspartate aminotransferase; liver histology was performed. Results: Catalase was 3.9 times reliably increased, and the activity of malonic dialdehyde and ALAT was 2.0 and 3.6 times reliably decreased in experimental group compared to the control group. Microscopic shows edema and destruction of the liver were reduced, the architectonic of the liver lobules was recovered. Conclusion: Application of resveratrol in mechanical jaundice decreased the processes of free-radical oxidation and level of the liver cells cytolysis markers which morphologically was shown by edema reduction, restoration of the liver lobules structure.