bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’évaluation des apprentissages
Authors: Araújo-Oliveira Anderson , Barroso da Costa Carla
Published: December 2024

L’article propose une synthèse critique des recherches présentées dans le cadre d’un dossier spécial intitulé L’évaluation des apprentissages pour soutenir et promouvoir la diversité, publié par la revue internationale Revista Educativa (Barroso da Costa et Araújo Oliveira, 2021). L’objectif est de répondre de manière globale aux grandes questions soulevées par les organisateurs du dossier, recontextualisant ainsi la question de l’évaluation des apprentissages et soulignant la nécessité d’innover pour mieux soutenir la diversité chez tous les apprenants. Une lecture transversale de ces recherches a permis de mettre en lumière les principaux résultats et conclusions des études ainsi que les défis émergents et des pistes de réflexion pour de futures recherches.
Mother-child dyadic interactions shape children’s social brain and theory of mind
Authors: Li Lei , Xiao Jinming , Zhao Weixing , Zheng Qingyu , Huang Xinyue , Shan Xiaolong , Ming Yating , Wang Peng , Wu Zhen , Chen Huafu , Menon Vinod , Duan Xujun
Published: December 2024

Social cognition develops through a complex interplay between neural maturation and environmental factors, yet the neurobehavioral mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. Using a naturalistic fMRI paradigm, we investigated the effects of age and parental caregiving on social brain development and Theory of Mind (ToM) in 50 mother-child dyads. The functional maturity of social brain networks was positively associated with age, while mother-child neural synchronization during movie viewing was related to dyadic relationship quality. Crucially, parenting and child factors interactively shaped social cognition outcomes, mediated by ToM abilities. Our findings demonstrate the dynamic interplay of neurocognitive development and interpersonal synchrony in early childhood social cognition, and provide novel evidence for Bandura’s theory of social learning and reciprocal determinism. This integrative approach, bridging brain, behavior, and parenting environment, advances our understanding of the complex mechanisms shaping social cognition. The insights gained can inform personalized interventions promoting social competence, emphasizing the critical importance of nurturing parental relationships in facilitating healthy social development.
Circadian control of a sex-specific behaviour in Drosophila
Authors: Riva Sabrina , Ceriani M Fernanda , Risau-Gusman Sebastián , Franco D Lorena
Published: December 2024

An endogenous circadian clock controls many of the behavioral traits of
Drosophila melanogaster
. This “clock” relies on the activity of interconnected clusters of neurons that harbor the clock machinery. The hierarchy among clusters involved in the control of rest-activity cycles has been extensively studied. Sexually dimorphic behaviors, on the other hand, have received less attention. Even though egg-laying, a female characteristic behavior, has been shown to be rhythmic, it remains largely unexplored possibly due to metholodological constraints. The current study provides the first steps towards determining the neural substrates underlying the circadian control of egg-laying. We show that, whereas the lateral ventral neurons (LNvs) and the dorsal neurons (DNs) are dispensable, the lateral dorsal neurons (LNds) are necessary for rhythmic egg-laying. Systematically probing the
Drosophila
connectome for contacts between circadian clusters and oviposition-related neurons, we found no evidence of direct connections between LNvs or DNs and neurons recruited during oviposition. Conversely, we did find bidirectional connections between Cryptochrome (Cry) expressing LNd (Cry+ LNds) and oviposition related neurons. Taken together, these results reveal that Cry+ LNd neurons have a leading role in the control of the egg-laying rhythm in
Drosophila
females.
Dissociable after-effects of prosocial acts: Effort is costly for others but valued for self
Authors: Zheng Ya , Tang Rumeng
Published: December 2024

Prosocial behavior requires effort, yet people are often reluctant to exert effort for others’ benefit. However, the manner in which effort exertion affects subsequent reward evaluation during prosocial acts remains elusive. Here, we leveraged the temporal precision of electroencephalography, along with a paradigm that independently manipulated effort and reward for self and another person, to uncover the neural mechanism underlying the reward after-effect of effort expenditure during prosocial acts. We found a dissociable reward after-effect between self-benefitting and other-benefitting effort. When the beneficiary was oneself, the reward positivity (RewP) became more positive as effort increased, indicating an effort-enhancement effect. In contrast, when the beneficiary was others, the RewP became less positive as effort increased, demonstrating an effort-discounting effect. Moreover, this dissociation occurred only when reward system was activated and was independent of performance evaluation. Our finding provides novel insights into how prior effort expenditure shape reward evaluation during prosocial behavior.
High-throughput unsupervised quantification of patterns in the natural behavior of marmosets
Authors: Menegas William , Corbett Erin , Beliard Kimberly , Xu Haoran , Parmar Shivangi , Desimone Robert , Feng Guoping
Published: December 2024

Recent advances in genetic engineering have accelerated the production of nonhuman primate models for neuropsychiatric disorders. To use these models for preclinical drug testing, behavioral screening methods will be necessary to determine how the model animals deviate from controls, and whether treatments can restore typical patterns of behavior. In this study, we collected a multimodal dataset from a large cohort of marmoset monkeys and described typical patterns in their natural behavior. We found that these behavioral measurements varied substantially across days, and that behavioral state usage was highly correlated to the behavior of cagemates and to the vocalization rate of other animals in the colony. To elicit acute behavioral responses, we presented animals with a panel of stimuli including novel, appetitive, neutral, aversive, and social stimuli. By comparing these behavioral conditions, we demonstrate that outlier detection can be used to identify atypical responses to a range of stimuli. This data will help guide the study of marmosets as models for neuropsychiatric disorders.
NeuroSCAN: Exploring Neurodevelopment via Spatiotemporal Collation of Anatomical Networks
Authors: Koonce Noelle L , Emerson Sarah E , Bhaskar Dhananjay , Kuchroo Manik , Moyle Mark W , Arroyo-Morales Pura , Martínez Nabor Vázquez , Krishnaswamy Smita , Mohler William , Colón-Ramos Daniel
Published: December 2024

Volume electron microscopy (vEM) datasets such as those generated for connectome studies allow nanoscale quantifications and comparisons of the cell biological features underpinning circuit architectures. Quantifications of cell biological relationships in the connectome result in rich multidimensional datasets that benefit from data science approaches, including dimensionality reduction and integrated graphical representations of neuronal relationships. We developed NeuroSCAN, an online open-source platform that bridges sophisticated graph analytics from data science approaches with the underlying cell biological features in the connectome. We analyze a series of published
C. elegans
brain neuropils and demonstrate how these integrated representations of neuronal relationships facilitate comparisons across connectomes, catalyzing new insights on the structure-function relationships of the circuits and their changes during development. NeuroSCAN is designed for intuitive examination and comparisons across connectomes, enabling synthesis of knowledge from high-level abstractions of neuronal relationships derived from data science techniques to the detailed identification of the cell biological features underpinning these abstractions.
Towards a generalized uniform language for explainability
Authors:   , Bustamante Henríquez Diego Emilio
Published: December 2024

Explainability, razonamiento sobre decisiones en Aprendizaje de Máquinas, es
una área que ha crecido con gran interés. Construímos sobre efuerzos como los de
Barceló et al. (2020), quienes definieron una estructura que permite comparar la
interpretabilidad entre modelos de Aprendizaje de Máquinas. Ellos modelaron las
explicaciones como problemas de decisión y estudiaron la complejidad de
decidirlas en distintas clases. Y Arenas et al. (2024), quienes propusieron un
lenguaje declarativo basado en lógica de primer orden lo suficientemente
expresivo para capturar varias nociones de explicabilidad. Capturamos la
complejidad de decidir importantes conceptos de explicabilidad sobre decision
trees y free binary decision diagrams. Nuestra contribución fueron las nuevas
cotas para las consultas DFS y MINIMALDFS que permitieron diseñar EXPLAINER, una
lógica generalizada de interpretabilidad con predicados cuya interpretación es
independiente de la clase de modelos y una nueva cuantificación sobre las
features del modelo. EXPLAINER puede expresar consultas de explicabilidad
mientras que su evaluación se puede decidir en la Jerarquía Booleana en las
clases citadas. Esto proviene del uso de predicados basados en pruebas
polinomiales de satisfacibilidad y tautología. En consecuencia, extendimos
nuestros resultados a una larga lista de clases con dichas pruebas. Respecto a
la computación de explicaciones, mostramos que la existencia de un algoritmo
eficiente equipado con un oráculo NP implica el colapso de la Jerarquía
Polinomial. Creamos una extensión sobre la implementación original para soportar
la evaluación de EXPLAINER; la principal adaptación fue el nuevo tipo de
cuantificación. Nuestros resultados experimentales muestran que los beneficios
teóricos se transfieren a nuestra extensión en términos de clases soportadas,
expresividad y rendimiento. Creemos estar en un buen camino para encontrar un
lenguage general y uniforme para explicabilidad.
Evaluación del desempeño sísmico de estructuras de hormigón armado mediante
el ACI 369.1-22
Authors:   , Quinde Viñansaca John Alejandro
Published: December 2024

El código ACI 369.1-22, encargado de la evaluación sísmica de edificaciones
de Hormigón Armado (HA) existentes, fue publicado en el 2023 y sus disposiciones
fueron adoptadas por el ASCE/SEI 41 a finales del mismo año. El objetivo general
de esta tesis es evaluar los requerimientos del ACI 369.1-22 en la determinación
del desempeño sísmico de edificios de muros y pórticos de HA. Las dos
estructuras de estudio son: un edificio simplificado de muros y un edificio de
pórticos obtenido de la literatura. Previo a la evaluación del desempeño, se
realizó: una revisión de los requerimientos del ACI 369.1-22; el diseño de los
muros según la NCh 433 (2009), el D.S 61 (2011) y el ACI 318-19; y un análisis
de la torsión en el edificio de pórticos. El desempeño sísmico de los dos
edificios se evaluó usando los tres procedimientos de análisis del ASCE/SEI 41,
el Procedimiento Dinámico Lineal (LDP), el Procedimiento Estático No Lineal
(NSP) y el Procedimiento Dinámico No Lineal (NDP). El LDP se llevó a cabo
mediante un análisis modal espectral de modelos de elementos shell para el
edificio de muros y elementos viga-columna para el edificio de pórticos. Los
modelos para el NSP y NDP se desarrollaron en OpenSees, utilizando elementos con
fibras (MVLEM) para simular el muro y elementos viga-columna con plasticidad
concentrada para simular el pórtico. Los resultados de la evaluación muestran
que el desempeño del muro es concordante para los tres procedimientos de
análisis. El desempeño de la mayoría de los elementos del pórtico es
concordante, sin embargo, los resultados de LDP son conservadores, revelando la
necesidad de revisión de algunos parámetros del ACI 369.1-22 para procedimientos
lineales. Finalmente, en este documento se entregan recomendaciones que podrían
ser consideradas en la próxima actualización del código ACI 369.1.
Percepciones de terapeutas sobre su experiencia en instituciones de salud en
contexto público, interviniendo desde el psicoanálisis: análisis de una
(in)compatibilidad
Authors:   , Carreño Valenzuela Wendy Almendra
Published: December 2024

La presente investigación aborda la importancia de posibilitar el
conocimiento de la aplicación de intervenciones psicoanalíticas en el contexto
de salud pública. Para ello, se busca acceder a las percepciones de las y los
terapeutas sobre su propio rol dentro de este espacio. Se inicia con la
recopilación de antecedentes bibliográficos históricos que permitan comprender
las dificultades de la inserción y consideración del psicoanálisis en salud
pública, tanto en espacios de atención primaria, como secundaria y terciaria.De
este modo, es interesante pensar en los posibles sesgos y dificultades
existentes en relación a la inserción de esta orientación teórica en este
contexto, lo que imposibilita su aplicación al momento de pensar en las
prácticas más eficaces dentro de instituciones públicas. Sin embargo, este
escrito invita a considerar que dentro de los modelos imperantes en el contexto
público de salud, se pueda integrar al psicoanálisis en sus formas de
intervenir, comprendiendo las percepciones de las y los terapeutas que se
desempeñan actualmente o se han desempeñado como tales en este contexto. Se
planteó entonces como objetivo general conocer y caracterizar el quehacer de las
y los terapeutas en salud pública; la percepción sobre su práctica y utilidad de
la misma, con la finalidad de considerar posibles sesgos presentes que limitan
el espacio a las intervenciones psicoanalíticas en lo público. De esta manera,
en función de sus percepciones se pretende indagar en las incidencias y efectos
de su ejercicio profesional.Con la finalidad de favorecer esta investigación, el
análisis de los datos obtenidos se llevará a cabo bajo la metodología
cualitativa, específicamente desde el análisis de contenidos temático, a través
de encuestas de carácter mixto que permitan dar a conocer la experiencia de
analistas practicantes en el contexto de salud pública; sus métodos de
aplicación del psicoanálisis a través de sus intervenciones; los efectos que
perciben de estas y la utilidad que se le puede dar y puede tener dentro del
ámbito público. Se espera, con esta investigación, recopilar información que
permita mayor claridad sobre las intervenciones psicoanalíticas en salud mental
pública.En línea con lo anterior, algunas posibles implicancias del estudio
tienen lugar al pensar en los sesgos aún existentes sobre el psicoanálisis y en
la forma en la que se concibe el mismo. Además, lo fundamental será que cada
persona que lea esta investigación se permita comprender las prácticas desde las
y los mismos analistas practicantes, pues es hasta ahora un terreno poco
explorado, teniendo en su mayoría información al respecto desde otras fuentes,
pero no de la primordial: ellas y ellos mismos. En este sentido, este estudio
puede significar un cimiento para futuras investigaciones que puedan continuar
abordando y relevando las prácticas psicoanalíticas en el sector público de
salud.
Reflexões sobre ciência e conhecimento em administração
Authors: Soares Italo Cavalcante da Silva , Valença Sandro , Novais Sueli Menelau de , Soares Islla Thairine da Silva
Published: December 2024

A produção de conhecimento não acontece exclusivamente a partir de uma única configuração. Da mesma forma, não existe uma única maneira de se explicar como conhecemos o mundo. Para entendermos o mundo, existem percepções, abordagens e tipos de conhecimentos. Neste ensaio, a análise recairá sobre o conhecimento científico. Quando se pensa em administração, um dos seus principais problemas ou preocupações recai sobre o aumento da produtividade, ao menor custo possível, com a maximização do lucro. Entretanto, esses problemas não são os únicos objetivos da administração na realização da ciência e na produção do conhecimento. Nesse caso, seria a administração uma ciência? Assim, este ensaio tem por objetivo trazer algumas reflexões sobre a ciência e a produção de conhecimentos em administração. O fato de a administração não ter um objeto de análise definido a torna uma pré-ciência. Apesar disso, toda a produção de conhecimento em administração é realizada com cientificidade.
Oral Endotracheal Intubation with Restricted Glottis View using C-MAC D Blade®: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Patel Vaidarbhi Rasikbhai , Nirali Nimeshkumar  , Mehta Sanket Hirenbhai , Chaudhari Madhavi Sanjay , Pathak, Bhumika Pradipkumar , Shinde Mayur Kiran
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The perspective of airway management has undergone a considerable transformation since the advent of Video Laryngoscopes (VL). VL has rapidly been accepted as an intubation tool in a variety of clinical scenarios. This heralds a wide array of VL models with their own strengths and weaknesses. The C-MAC D blade® is one such VL with an angulated blade that provides an excellent glottis view, but negotiating the Endotracheal Tube (ETT) past the glottis opening and into the trachea might be difficult. No study till date was done on the C-MAC D blade® with different glottis views for intubation.

Aim: To compare the Total Time of Intubation (TTI) with restricted glottis view and full glottis view with C-MAC D blade® as the primary aim, along with the first attempt intubation rate and complications during intubation.

Materials and Methods: The present prospective single-centre randomised controlled trial was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesiology, Shree Krishna Hospital, PSMC, Karamsad, Gujarat, India, from September 2021 to August 2022. A total of 42 patients were randomly divided into two groups: group-F (n=21), which had a full glottis view, and group-R (n=21), which had a restricted glottis view. Randomised glottis views were achieved with the C-MAC D blade® VL during oral endotracheal intubation in both groups. Video recordings of the intubations were made, and TTI, first attempt success rate and complications during intubation were noted. Statistical analysis was done with an independent sample t-test to compare the two groups of continuous variables using STATA version 14.2.

Results: The mean age in group-F was 45.86±10.83 years and in group-R was 47.76±9.14 years. The male-to-female ratio in group-F was 10:11 and in group-R was 9:12. Overall, the firstattempt successful intubation rate with the C-MAC D blade® in both groups was 90.48%. However, it was higher in group-R (95.24%) compared to group-F (85.71%). TTI was less in group-R compared to group-F (36.19±11.11 vs 45±15.89 seconds, p-value=0.0438). Group-R had lower incidence of postoperative sore throat (14.29% vs 57.14%, p-value=0.004) compared to group-F.

Conclusion: Total time of intubation was less with a restricted glottis view compared to a full glottis view with C-MAC D blade® VL. Additionally, the restricted view had a higher first attempt intubation rate. Postoperative sore throat was significantly lower in the restricted view, with a lesser incidence of oropharyngeal trauma compared to the full glottis view.
Determining Factors for the Sustainability of Arabica Coffee-based Eco-farming in Sembalun, Indonesia
Authors: Pradita Nilla , Sukardi L. , Tajidan
Published: December 2024

The sustainability of eco-farming based on Arabica coffee in Sembalun, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia is influenced by various environmental, economic, social, cultural, institutional, and technological factors. Arabica coffee, known for its high quality, has become an important commodity for farmers and the local economy. However, challenges in implementing sustainable agricultural practices, such as excessive pesticide use and limited knowledge, hinder the adoption of eco-farming. This research adopts a combined qualitative and quantitative approach to evaluate the factors affecting sustainability. The results indicate that improvements in land management and waste disposal, educational and social support for farmers, as well as the active role of women farmer groups and community organizations, are crucial for achieving effective sustainability. It is hoped that these findings will provide practical recommendations to enhance eco-farming systems and support sustainable development goals, as well as the welfare of farmers in Sembalun.
A Rare Bond: Exploring the Heart-Hand Connection in Holt-Oram Syndrome
Authors: Gupta Anil Kumar , Munde Kalyan , Munde Anant , Kolapkar Hariom , Ahmed Khalel , Shaikh Salman , Jain Prasad , Rane Vighnesh
Published: December 2024

Holt-Oram syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by upper limb abnormalities in association with congenital heart lesions. We present you a 42 years old female having ostium secundum atrial septal defect (OS-ASD) and congenital upper limb deformity. Her X-ray of hands showed bilateral abnormal carpal bones with underdeveloped thumb. This study highlights the importance of recognizing the heart-hand connection in Holt-Oram syndrome and presents the need for multidisciplinary care and early intervention.
Comparative Efficacy of Insecticides against Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in Baby Corn
Authors: Madhuri Burjikindi , Sridevi G , Sree K Vani , Kumar M V Nagesh , Triveni S
Published: December 2024

Aims: The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a major pest threatening baby corn production, significantly impacting yield and profitability. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of various insecticides and their combinations in managing fall armyworm populations while ensuring sustainable crop production.
Study Design: Randomized Block Design (RBD).
Place and Duration of Study: Maize Research Centre, Agricultural Research Institute, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, during the rabi season of 2022–2023.
Methodology: Field experiments were conducted to assess the impact of seed treatments, foliar sprays, and their combinations on pest control, crop performance, and natural enemy conservation. The experiment followed a Randomized Block Design with three replications and eight treatments, T1 (tetraniliprole 480 FS and cyantraniliprole 10.26% OD spray, T2 (cyantraniliprole 19.8% + thiamethoxam 19.8% FS and spinetoram spray), T3 (cyantraniliprole 600 FS and chlorantraniliprole 9.3% + lambda-Cyhalothrin 4.6% ZC spray), T₄ (chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC), T₅ (emamectin Benzoate 5% SG), T₆ (flubendiamide 480 SC), T₇ (dimethoate 30 EC) and T8 (untreated control). Insecticides were applied twice at a 14-day interval. Observations on leaf injury rating (LIR) and percent infestation were recorded using the standard 1–9 scale given by modified Davis and Williams. Pre-treatment observations were taken one day before spraying, and post-treatment observations were recorded at 7 and 14 days after each application. Parameters such as percent reduction over control, dehusked cob yield, green fodder yield, and cost-benefit ratio were calculated to evaluate treatment efficacy.
Results: Results indicated that seed treatments followed by foliar sprays provided superior control of fall armyworm, with T2 (cyantraniliprole 19.8% + thiamethoxam 19.8% FS and spinetoram spray) demonstrating the lowest leaf injury ratings and highest yield benefits. T3 (cyantraniliprole 600 FS and chlorantraniliprole 9.3% + lambda cyhalothrin 4.6% ZC spray) exhibited comparable performance, followed by T1, T4, T5, T6 and T7. The study underscores the importance of integrating effective pest management strategies to enhance baby corn productivity and profitability.
Conclusion: The study highlights the effectiveness of integrating seed treatments with foliar sprays for managing S. frugiperda in baby corn. T3 and T2 emerged as the most effective treatments, both in terms of pest control and economic viability, underscoring their potential for sustainable pest management and enhanced crop productivity.
Adding Flavour to Tribal Lives: Primary Processing of Spices and Coffee in the Eastern Ghats
Authors: Bharathi C.Sharmila , N.Akila  , S.Alagudurai
Published: December 2024

Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Namakkal is being implemented Paramparaghat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) and ICAR –Tribal Sub Plan Schemes at Elangiyampatti and Ariyur Nadu villages of Kollihills, Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu since 2019 to promote organic farming activities in an area of 20 ha as well as utilization of machinery for primary processing of Spices and Plantation crops for getting good quality produce with assured net returns. These tribal villages are richly bestowed with Black pepper, Cardamom, Coffee and Hill banana more than 500 acres under cultivation. Usually the tribes follow the traditional method for threshing, pulping and cleaning of spices and plantation crops. So that the tribes got minimum returns due to poor quality produce. To address this issues KVK provided primary processing machinery to tribal farmer groups enabling timely processing, improved quality produce and increased net income. This intervention has significantly benefitted nearly 524 tribal farmers in and around Elangiyampatti. In the year 2021-22 alone, 42.5 tonnes of black pepper, 55.2 tonnes of coffee and 2.01 tonnes of Cardamom were processed by the tribes from Elangiyampatti with the help of primary processing machines viz., Pepper threshing machine, Pepper dust extractor, Pepper grader, Cardamom dryer and Coffee pulping machine supplied under ICAR- Tribal Sub plan Scheme and also got an additional income of Rs.82500/ household /year. This intervention not only improve the quality of the produce obtained from Elangiyampatti and Ariyur Nadu villages of Kollihills but also the tribes from other villages of Kollihills processed their produce in time and fetched good returns. Since Kollihills Pepper contains high Piperine content due to varietal nature as well as soil and climatic conditions prevails in this region and it is very familiar in this zone and also fetches a good market price. Hence establishment of essential primary processing machinery units at Panchayat level may facilitates easy and timely processing of Black pepper, Coffee and Cardamom thus in turn makes to help the tribes to improve their livelihood.
Relations between forms and functions of aggression and moral judgments of aggressive transgressions
Authors: Hart Emily J. , Ostrov Jamie M.
Published: February 2020

The present study sought to examine the influence of aggressive behavior, psychopathy, and gender on moral judgments of aggressive transgressions. A two‐dimensional conceptualization of aggression was used, such that proactive relational aggression, reactive relational aggression, proactive physical aggression, and reactive physical aggression were treated as distinct subtypes of aggression and also as distinct subtypes of moral judgments of aggression. Participants were 421 emerging adults (215 women). Self‐report measures of aggression, psychopathy, and moral judgments were collected. Peer‐reports of aggression and psychopathy were obtained from a randomly assigned subsample of 73 participants (46 women) for validity purposes. Unique associations were found between subtypes of aggression and corresponding moral judgments of the same subtypes.
Distributed data‐driven observer for linear time invariant systems
Authors: Alipouri Yousef , Zhao Shunyi , Huang Biao
Published: February 2020

This paper is concerned with distributed data‐driven observer design problem. The existing data‐driven observers rely on a common assumption that all the information about the system, and the calculations based upon this information are centralized. Therefore the resulting algorithms cannot be applied to the distributed systems in which each local observer receives only a part of the output signal. On the other hand, traditional model‐based distributed state estimation methods generally assume that the processes are decomposed according to the known process models, while in data‐driven approaches there is no such information available. The main goal of this paper is to extend the centralized data‐driven observer design approach to the distributed framework. The stability of the proposed data‐driven distributed observer is also proved analytically. A quadruple‐tank process is simulated to demonstrate the performance of the proposed scheme.
Multi‐Domain Photopatterned 3D Tumor Constructs in a Micro‐Physiological System for Analysis, Quantification, and Isolation of Infiltrating Cells
Authors: Rajan Shiny A. P. , Skardal Aleksander , Hall Adam R.
Published: February 2020

Cancer cell motility plays a central role in metastasis and tumor invasion but can be difficult to study accurately in vitro. A simple approach to address this challenge through the production of monolithic, photopatterned 3D tumor constructs in situ in a microfluidic device is described here. Through step‐wise fabrication of adjoining hydrogel regions with and without incorporated cells, multidomain structures with defined boundaries are produced. By imaging cells over time, cellular activity with arbitrary control over medium conditions, including drug concentration and flow rate, is studied. First, malignant human colon carcinoma cells (HCT116) are studied for 10 days, comparing invasion dynamics and viability of cells in normal media to those exposed to two independent chemotherapeutic drugs: anti‐proliferative 5‐fluorouracil and anti‐migratory Marimastat. Cytotoxicity is measured and significant differences are observed in cellular dynamics (migrating cell count, distance traveled, and rate) that correlate with the mechanism of each drug. Then, the platform is applied to the selective isolation of infiltrated cells through the photopatterning and subsequent dissolution of cleavable hydrogel domains. As a demonstration, the preferential collection of highly migratory cells (HCT116) over a comparable cell line with low malignancy and migratory potential (Caco‐2) is shown.
Online friction parameter estimation for machine tools
Authors: Papageorgiou Dimitrios , Blanke Mogens , Henrik Niemann Hans , Richter Jan H.
Published: February 2020

Accurate description of frictional phenomena is essential in applications that require high‐accuracy control. Online monitoring of friction parameters in machine tools greatly improves the control accuracy making condition‐based feedforward compensation possible and, at the same time, facilitates equipment wear assessment, which enables efficient scheduling of maintenance. Existing friction estimation methods that use detailed dynamical models offer accurate description of friction phenomena, but often rely on a priori knowledge of the static friction parameters, which have to be identified offline. This article suggests an adaptive estimation strategy suitable for online use while the machine works in its normal production cycle. Smooth approximations are introduced to account for stiction, viscous and bidirectional Coulomb friction in order to make online estimation possible. A parallel architecture is used with two adaptive estimators that segregate the frictional phenomena that dominate in different parts of the motion regime. Stability properties are analyzed and performance is experimentally validated on a single‐axis state‐of‐the‐art industrial test rig.
In Situ Construction of “Anchor‐Like” Structures in FeNCN for Long Cyclic Life in Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Guo Penghui , Cao Liyun , Wang Rong , Hu Yunfei , Xu Zhanwei , Huang Jianfeng , Yao Chunyan , Guo Ling , Cheng Yayi , Li Jiayin , Kajiyoshi Koji
Published: February 2020

Iron carbodiimide (FeNCN) is a high‐reactivity anode material for sodium‐ion batteries. However, strict synthesis technology and poor electrochemical stability limit its application. FeNCN polyhedrons are prepared using a facile one‐step pyrolysis process. In these polyhedrons, many “anchor‐like” structures are in situ constructed with FeC bonds. These FeC bonds connect the FeNCN polyhedrons closely. The FeNCN polyhedrons with “anchor‐like” structures exhibit good electrochemical stability, that is, high capacity retention of 79.9% (408 mAh g−1) at 0.5 A g−1 after 300 cycles. Further analysis suggests that the FeC bond plays an important role to improve the structural stability of FeNCN polyhedrons. The “anchor‐like” structures with FeC bonds can hold FeNCN polyhedrons closely when Na+ intercalates, avoiding structural breakage with obvious capacity loss. This work provides a novel synthesis technology of FeNCN and helps related researcher to deepen the understanding of this material, as well as provide inspirations as to improving the electrochemical stability of related materials.
Low‐Resistant Electrical and Robust Mechanical Contacts of Self‐Attachable Flexible Transparent Electrodes with Patternable Circuits
Authors: Hwang Insol , Seong Minho , Yi Hoon , Ko Hangil , Park Hyun‐Ha , Yeo Junyeob , Bae Won‐Gyu , Park Hyung Wook , Jeong Hoon Eui
Published: February 2020

Flexible, transparent, conductive electrodes are key elements of emerging flexible electronic and energy devices. Such electrodes should form an intimate physical contact with various active components of flexible devices to ensure stable, low‐resistant electrical contacts. However, contact formation techniques are based largely on conventional soldering, conductive pastes, mechanical clamping, and thin film deposition. These generally result in damaged, contaminated, bulky, and uncontrollable contact interfaces. A self‐attachable, flexible, transparent, and conductive electrode that is based on a distinctive design of regular grid patterns into which bioinspired adhesive architectures and percolating Ag nanowires are integrated is proposed. Based on this integrated design, the proposed electrode forms reliable, low‐resistant electrical contacts; strong mechanical adhesive contacts; and ultra‐clean, damage‐free contact interfaces with active device components by attaching onto the components without using additional conductive pastes, mechanical pressing, or vacuum deposition processes. The contact interfaces of the electrode and device components remain stable even when the electrode is extremely bent. Moreover, specific electronic circuits can be generated on the electrode surface by a selective deposition of Ag nanowires. This enables simple interconnections of diverse electronic components on its surface.
Interfacing Low‐Temperature Atomic Layer Deposited TiO2 Electron Transport Layers with Metal Electrodes
Authors: Tan Wanliang , Bowring Andrea R. , Babadi Aein S. , Meng Andrew C. , Tang‐Kong Robert , McGehee Michael D. , McIntyre Paul C.
Published: February 2020

Low‐temperature atomic layer deposited (ALD) TiO2 is an electron transport layer that is relatively unreactive with mixed halide perovskite semiconductors. This amorphous, ALD‐grown metal oxide is typically interposed between the perovskite layer and a low work function metal electrode, prompting interest in the electronic and chemical structure of the resulting TiO2/metal interface. Here, the interfaces between TiO2 and two common metal low work function electrodes, polycrystalline thin films of silver and aluminum are studied. It is found that a Schottky barrier forms between Ag and low‐temperature ALD‐grown TiO2, consistent with the observed solar cell current–voltage characteristics, and confirmed by in situ measurement of Ag deposition‐induced core level shifts in X‐ray photoelectron spectra and barrier height extraction from temperature‐dependent current–voltage data. On the other hand, Al reacts chemically with the surface of TiO2 during its deposition. The resulting interface acts as an Ohmic contact, due to the apparent oxygen vacancy doping of the underlying ALD‐TiO2. These findings provide lessons for metal electrode selection in future halide perovskite device structures.
MACS: Rapid Aqueous Clearing System for 3D Mapping of Intact Organs
Authors: Zhu Jingtan , Yu Tingting , Li Yusha , Xu Jianyi , Qi Yisong , Yao Yingtao , Ma Yilin , Wan Peng , Chen Zhilong , Li Xiangning , Gong Hui , Luo Qingming , Zhu Dan
Published: February 2020

Tissue optical clearing techniques have provided important tools for large‐volume imaging. Aqueous‐based clearing methods are known for good fluorescence preservation and scalable size maintenance, but are limited by long incubation time, insufficient clearing performance, or requirements for specialized devices. Additionally, few clearing methods are compatible with widely used lipophilic dyes while maintaining high clearing performance. Here, to address these issues, m‐xylylenediamine (MXDA) is firstly introduced into tissue clearing and used to develop a rapid, highly efficient aqueous clearing method with robust lipophilic dyes compatibility, termed MXDA‐based Aqueous Clearing System (MACS). MACS can render whole adult brains highly transparent within 2.5 days and is also applicable for other intact organs. Meanwhile, MACS possesses ideal compatibility with multiple probes, especially for lipophilic dyes. MACS achieves 3D imaging of the intact neural structures labeled by various techniques. Combining MACS with DiI labeling, MACS allows reconstruction of the detailed vascular structures of various organs and generates 3D pathology of glomeruli tufts in healthy and diabetic kidneys. Therefore, MACS provides a useful method for 3D mapping of intact tissues and is expected to facilitate morphological, physiological, and pathological studies of various organs.
A Self‐Terminated Operation Scheme for High‐Parallel and Energy‐Efficient Forming of RRAM Array
Authors: Feng Yulin , Huang Peng , Zhang Yizhou , Shen Wensheng , Xu Weijie , Xiang Yachen , Ding Xiangxiang , Zhao Yudi , Gao Bin , Wu Huaqiang , Qian He , Liu Lifeng , Liu Xiaoyan , Kang Jinfeng
Published: February 2020

By introducing a capacitor in series (CST), a self‐terminated (ST) operation scheme is proposed to achieve high‐parallel forming of resistive random access memory (RRAM) array with reduced time and energy consumption. Once the RRAM cell is switched to the low‐resistance state, the current is automatically cut off by the capacitor, which can significantly improve the parallelism and energy efficiency. The wire capacitance of interconnect (Cwire) can be utilized as CST, which means there is no addition circuit or process expense for the proposed ST scheme. After successful experimental verification of the proposed ST operation scheme in 1 kb RRAM array, the performance of 1 Gb RRAM memory is evaluated, which shows × 103 improvement in forming time (from 0.6 h to 0.84 s) and × 104 improvement in energy consumption. Moreover, by experimentally leveraging the operation scheme for array forming, the operation current is reduced in subsequent switching process without deteriorating the device reliability, which demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed ST operation scheme and its potential in low power applications.
Stabilizing Reversible Oxygen Redox Chemistry in Layered Oxides for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Cao Xin , Li Haifeng , Qiao Yu , Li Xiang , Jia Min , Cabana Jordi , Zhou Haoshen
Published: February 2020

Triggering oxygen‐related activity is demonstrated as a promising strategy to effectively boost energy density of layered cathodes for sodium‐ion batteries. However, irreversible lattice oxygen loss will induce detrimental structure distortion, resulting in voltage decay and cycle degradation. Herein, a layered structure P2‐type Na0.66Li0.22Ru0.78O2 cathode is designed, delivering reversible oxygen‐related and Ru‐based redox chemistry simultaneously. Benefiting from the combination of strong Ru 4d‐O 2p covalency and stable Li location within the transition metal layer, reversible anionic/cationic redox chemistry is achieved successfully, which is proved by systematic bulk/surface analysis by in/ex situ spectroscopy (operando Raman and hard X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, etc.). Moreover, the robust structure and reversible phase transition evolution revealed by operando X‐ray diffraction further establish a high degree reversible (de)intercalation processes (≈150 mAh g−1, reversible capacity) and long‐term cycling (average capacity drop of 0.018%, 500 cycles).
Silicon enhances yield and nitrogen use efficiency of tropical low land rice
Authors: Mohanty Sangita , Nayak A. K. , Swain C. K. , Dhal B. , Kumar Anjani , Tripathi Rahul , Shahid M. , Lal B. , Gautam P. , Dash Goutam Kumar , Swain P.
Published: February 2020

High nitrogen (N) rate often leads to low yield of rice due to lodging and mutual shading. This study was conducted to ascertain whether silicon (Si) could enhance yield response of rice to higher N rate by enhancing rigidity of plant parts and improving photosynthesis. The effects of Si and N on crop growth, photosynthesis, N use efficiencies and yield of rice were investigated during wet season (June to November) in sub‐humid tropical region of India. An increasing trend in crop growth rate with Si at all levels of N was observed. Silicon reduced the flag leaf angle making the leaf more upright and enhanced flag leaf N content. Leaf chlorophyll concentration and single leaf photosynthesis rate were higher with Si compared to without Si at flowering stage. Both N and Si significantly affected panicle number and grain filling. Application of 200 kg SiO2 ha−1 and 100 kg N ha−1 produced the highest number of panicle per square meter, filled grain per panicle and yield. Significant yield increases ranging from 8.2–16.9% were observed with Si compared to without Si. Both N and Si treatments had significant effects on N uptake and N use efficiency. Agronomic N use efficiency and N recovery efficiency were higher with Si compared to without Si. The highest physiological N use efficiency was recorded with 200 kg SiO2 ha−1 and 80 kg N ha−1. Silicon may enhance yield response of rice to higher N rate by improving source (photosynthetic) capacity and sink (reproductive organ) strength.
Biosolids and biochar application effects on bahiagrass herbage accumulation and nutritive value
Authors: Lu Yanyan , Silveira Maria Lucia , Vendramini Joao M. B. , Erickson John E. , Li Yuncong
Published: February 2020

Pastures represent the major cropping system where biosolids are recycled in Florida, yet limited information is available documenting the agronomic benefits of biosolids recycling programs. A 2‐yr experiment evaluated bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flügge) responses to application of biosolids and inorganic fertilizer applied either alone or in combination with biochar. Our hypothesis was that biochar could alter soil N and P dynamics, thus, affecting crop nutrient use efficiency. Treatments were a factorial arrangement of four fertilizer sources (inorganic fertilizer, thermally dried Class AA biosolids, aerobically digested Class B biosolids, and anaerobically digested Class B biosolids; surface‐applied at 160 kg plant available N ha−1 yr−1) with or without biochar (applied at 1% wt basis). Bahiagrass total annual herbage accumulation was similar for biosolids and inorganic fertilizer treatments in 2017; however, inorganic fertilizer and aerobically digested Class B biosolids increased total annual herbage accumulation by as much as ∼29% relative to other sources in 2018. Biosolids and inorganic fertilizer increased bahiagrass crude protein (CP) concentration by as much as ∼22 and ∼39% in 2017 and 2018, respectively, compared to unfertilized treatment. No treatment effects were observed on in vitro digestible organic matter (IVDOM) concentration in 2017; however, in 2018 biosolids resulted in greater IVDOM than inorganic fertilizer. Data suggested no benefit of biochar on bahiagrass responses. Bahiagrass tissue mineral concentrations in both biosolids and inorganic fertilizer treatments were generally within sufficient range for optimum plant growth. Biosolids can be a viable alternative for sustainable bahiagrass production while reducing the dependence on inorganic fertilizer.
The history of liver surgery: Achievements over the past 50 years
Authors: Kokudo Norihiro , Takemura Nobuyuki , Ito Kyoji , Mihara Fuminori
Published: February 2020

We reviewed the progress made in the field of liver surgery over the past 50 years. The widespread use and improved outcomes of the hepatectomy were, primarily, due to pioneer surgeons who were responsible for technological advances and rapid improvements in the safety of the procedure in the last century. These advances included the hepatic functional evaluation used to determine the safety limit of liver resections, the introduction of intraoperative ultrasonography, and the development of innovative techniques such as portal vein embolization to increase the remnant liver volume. Cadaveric liver transplantation has been attempted since 1963. However, the clinical outcomes only began improving and becoming acceptable in the 1970s‐1980s due to refinements in technology and the development of new immunosuppressants. Partial liver transplantation from living donors, which was first attempted in 1988, required further technological innovation and sophisticated perioperative management plans. Moreover, these developments allowed for further overall improvements to take place in the field of liver surgery. Since the turn of the century, advances in computation and imaging technology have made it possible for safer and more elaborate surgeries to be performed. In Japan, preoperative 3‐dimensional simulation technology has been covered by health insurance since 2012 and is now widely used. An urgent need for real‐time navigation tools will develop in the future. Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging was first used in 2007 and has led to the creation of a new surgical concept known as fluorescence navigation surgery. Laparoscopic surgery and robotic surgery have solved the issue of large incisions, which used to be a major drawback of open liver surgery; however, further improvements are required in order to achieve the level of safety and accuracy observed during open liver resection when performing all minimally invasive procedures. In the near future, liver surgery will become more precise and less invasive due to substantial progress including the development of navigation surgery, cancer imaging, and minimally invasive surgery. This overview of the history of liver surgery over the past 50 years may provide useful insights for further innovation in the next 50 years.
Two‐Photon Absorption of Butterfly‐Shaped Carbonyl‐Bridged Twistarene
Authors: Wu Xianglong , Chen Zhihui , Chen Wangqiao , Yu Fei , Zhou Guofu , Xu Qinghua , Zhang Qichun
Published: February 2020

The single crystals of a butterfly‐shaped carbonyl‐bridged twistarene 3 were obtained by slow diffusion of methanol into its chloroform solution. The single‐crystal structure analysis indicated that 3 crystallized in a triclinic space group (P‐1). The two‐photon absorption (TPA) and nonlinear optical properties of single crystal of 3 were investigated in the range of 400 nm ∼650 nm. This is the first example of the TPA study based on single crystals made from the carbonyl‐bridged twistarene. The corresponding TPA cross‐section was found to be 3.69 GM at 800 nm.