bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk Of Lead Intoxication In Exposed Workers
Authors: Kuneva Tanja P. , Apostolova Diana B. , Stoyneva Zlatka B. , Ivanova Aneta B. , Boyadzhieva Vladimira V. , Yosifcheva Kristina A.
Published: December 2015

A clinical observation of 15 workers exposed to lead, engaged in recycling of lead accumulators, was carried out. The exposition to lead aerosols varied from 2 months to 14 years. High levels of lead absorption and excretion after application of antidote therapy were found in all workers followed up. There were no manifestclinical signs and symptoms in 7 workers whom we suspected to be lead carriers. Anemia was diagnosed in 8 of the investigated persons. Severe form of intoxication, including paresis of both radial nerves, was established in one worker. Subacute lead poisoning, presenting with lead colic, anemia, toxic hepatitis and toxic polyneuropathy, was diagnosed in three persons with only several months of intensive lead exposure. Association between lead exposure, metal absorption and clinical symptoms in investigated persons were discussed.
Plasma Homocysteine Level And C677T Polymorphism In MTHFR Gene In Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Grek Andrey V. , Prystupa Lyudmyla N. , Sytnik Tatiana V.
Published: December 2015

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) of atherosclerotic origin and accompanying complications are a major cause of mortality in the world and Ukraine, in particular. Endothelial dysfunction is the key cause of atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis. One of the causes of endothelial dysfunction is hyperhomocysteinemia that may occur on the background of MTHFR (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase) mutation.

Thus, the goal of the study was to investigate the interrelation between homocysteine (Hc) level and MTHFR polymorphism in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

161 patients with ischemic heart disease and ACS have been examined. The control group comprised 87 healthy individuals. Homocysteine level was the highest in the patients having ACS with ST-segment elevation and complicated course, and was 1.8 times higher than Hc level in the control group. The patients with the most severe ACS course comprised 27 % of homozygotes for the major allele C and 41 % of homozygotes for the minor allele T. Comparing the distribution of MTHFR gene C677T polymorphism in patients with ACS that were stratified by plasma Hc level, we observed a statistically significant association, P < 0.030 by chi-square test. We confirmed that these patients had a high T/T genotype frequency of MTHFR C677T polymorphism. The obtained data proved the association of T/T genotype of MTHFR C677T polymorphism with increased Hc level as well as ACS severity.
Biliopancreatic Diversion With Duodenal Switch. Long Term Weight Loss
Authors: Stoyanov Toni I. , Sanchez Pedro C. , Calero Antonio P. , Moreno Augustina M. , Blazquez Emilio G. , Rebollo Servando U. , Casado Santamaria P. , Tonchev Pencho T. , Ivanov Kaloyan T. , Stoikov Dimitar J.
Published: December 2015

Biliopancreatic derivation with duodenal switch (BPDDS) as an operative technique in the management of morbid obesity was created as an alternative to BPD (Scopinaro's operation), because of BPD-DS's fewer malabsorption side effects, better restrictive effect to the stomach remnant, fewer peptic ulcers and dumping syndromes, as well as lower morbidity and mortality rate. Between January 2003 and June 2012 in the University Hospital Center of Albacete, 141 patients with morbid obesity underwent BPD-DS. The patients were divided in groups according to four criteria: length of the common channel, age, gender and initial Body Mass Index. On the 6th postoperative year in our study the percent of excessive body weight loss was 67.6% and the percentage of excessive BMI loss was 73%. According to the evaluation announced by Hess D.S. & Hess D.W, our results could be assessed as successful after 6 months, good on the first year, excellent on the second, and good from 3rd to 9th postoperative years. Our results confirm the hypothesis that the biliopancreatic derivation with duodenal switch is a bariatric intervention, which leads to a significant weight loss, well preserved in time.
Governance, Legitimation, Commons: A Public Sphere Framework and Research Agenda for the Public Library Sector
Authors: Widdersheim Michael M.
Published: December 2015

Public libraries continually struggle to define their social value, and economic or educational rationales are commonly submitted to this end. In contrast to these approaches, public sphere theory emphasizes the political and social justice aspects of public libraries. Existing library literature has established strong associations between public sphere theory and public libraries, and a tentative model of the public sphere in public libraries has been developed. It is not yet clear, however, how a public sphere model of public libraries might benefit the profession. This paper therefore explains how a conceptual model of the public sphere in public libraries can serve as a potential framework and research agenda for the public library sector. A model of the public sphere in public libraries contains three main arenas of discourse: governance, legitimation, and commons. Each of the arenas represents values that are central to public librarianship. Practitioners and scholars in the public library sector can use the public sphere model to orient research and practice. This paper explains each arena in detail and discusses the model’s relevance as a philosophy and research agenda.
Communicating Agricultural Information for Development: The Role of the Media in Zimbabwe
Authors: Mugwisi Tinashe
Published: December 2015

The success of agricultural development programmes in developing countries largely depends on the nature and extent of the use of mass media in the mobilisation of people for development. The media, which offers unique opportunities to disseminate information, can play an important role in informing citizens about social, academic, and economic issues, amongst others. This is also true in the agricultural sector. Radio for example, is an inexpensive medium, and therefore enjoys a wide range of diffusion, even among rural and less literate people who have access to fewer information resources. The purpose of this study was to investigate how the print and electronic media sources are contributing to the communication of information relating to agricultural development in Zimbabwe. A questionnaire was distributed to all media houses in Zimbabwe. The results indicate that there is a significant coverage, by the media, of issues relating to agriculture and the agriculture industry. The broadcast media in particular, make efforts to reach out to a range of audiences who speak minority languages such as Kalanga, Venda, Sotho, Doma, Yao, and Shangaan. However, the media face challenges, including a lack of subject specialists, language barriers, constraints on financial and material resources, and poor road infrastructure that inhibits travelling. This study recommends training, short courses on agriculture reporting, and courses that provide information on the available resources to improve the quality of news and information regarding agriculture-related issues reaching mainly rural audiences of farmers in Zimbabwe.
Assessment of Imaging Spectroscopy for rock identification in the Karkonosze Mountains, Poland
Authors: Mierczyk Monika , Zagajewski Bogdan , Jarocińska Anna , Knapik Roksana
Published: December 2015

Based on laboratory, field and airborne-acquired hyperspectral data, this paper aims to analyse the dominant minerals and rocks found in the Polish Karkonosze Mountains. Laboratory spectral characteristics were measured with the ASD FieldSpec 3 spectrometer and images were obtained from VITO’s Airborne Prism EXperiment (APEX) scanner. The terrain is covered mainly by lichens or vascular plants creating significant difficulties for rock identification. However, hyperspectral airborne imagery allowed for subpixel classifications of different types of granites, hornfels and mica schist within the research area. The hyperspectral data enabled geological mapping of bare ground that had been masked out using three advanced algorithms: Spectral Angle Mapper, Linear Spectral Unmixing and Matched Filtering. Though all three methods produced positive results, the Matched Filtering method proved to be the most effective. The result of this study was a set of maps and post classification statistical data of rock distribution in the area, one for each method of classification.
Optical properties of D-serine doped TGS crystals for pyroelectric sensors
Authors: Kurlyak V.Yu. , Stadnyk V.Yo. , Andriyevsky B.V. , Romanyuk M.O. , Kohut Z.O. , Gaba V.M.
Published: December 2015

Refractive and birefringence indices in the range of transparency of 300 to 700 nm for triglycine sulphate crystals doped with D-serine molecules have been measured in the temperature range of 290 K to 340 K. The obtained optical properties are discussed together with characteristic electrical features of these materials used as pyroelectric sensors for measurement of temperature. The experimental results obtained in this study will be necessary as the reference data for comparison with the calculated refractive indices of TGS + D-serine on the basis of density functional theory. Determination of the proper position of D-serine, will reveal the features of TGS + D-serine crystal structure necessary to achieve stable unipolarity.
Lamotrigine Associated DRESS Syndrome – a Case Report
Authors: Balaban Jagoda , Ninković-Baroš Đuka
Published: December 2015

Drug-induced delayed multiorgan hypersensitivity syndrome, also known as drug rash (reaction) with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome, represents a drug-induced cluster of skin, hematologic and systemic symptoms. More than forty drugs have been associated with this syndrome. We present a case of DRESS syndrome suspecting that lamotrigine was directly responsible for the patient’s rash and other symptoms. A female patient presented with extensive skin rash, fever, hematologic abnormalities, organ involvement such as hepatitis, pancreatitis and respiratory symptoms. The symptoms developed four weeks after the initiation of the offending drug, and disappeared eight weeks after its discontinuation.
Majocchi’s Granuloma in a Healthy Adult Man – a Case Report
Authors: Bjekić Milan , Gajica Basara Jasna
Published: December 2015

Majocchi’s granuloma was first described by Domenico Majocchi in 1883, as a deep chronic dermatophyte infection of hair follicles, in which dermatophytes penetrate the dermis through hair canals, forming granulomatous changes in the dermis and/or hypodermis. Majocchi’s granuloma has two different clinical variants: the first is a small perifollicular papular type, seen in otherwise healthy individuals, that occurs secondary to trauma (e.g. in women with chronic tinea pedis that extends to the legs and who shave their legs); the second is a type with deep plaques or nodular lesions in immunocompromised hosts. The diagnosis is primarily made using direct microscopy of unstained specimens and fungal cultures, while additional diagnostics (histology, PCR) are generally not necessary. It is most commonly caused by Trichophyton rubrum.

We present a 26-year-old otherwise healthy man exhibiting blue erythematous patches over the skin of his abdomen on clinical examination, which agglomerated to form slightly raised plaques with irregular ovoid contours, spreading from umbilicus to the pubic region; they were covered with multiple red-blue, erythematous partly coalescing scales, eroded, firm papules and nodules. On pressure, some nodules excreted viscid and turbid sero-purulent content. The lesions were slightly itchy. The patient was previously unsuccessfully treated during at least 4 weeks with a topical steroid cream prescribed by his physician. Direct microscopy for fungi of skin scrapings and pus mounted in potassium hydroxide was negative. Cultures of the contents and scrapings were performed on Sabouraud’s glucose agar and Trichophyton rubrum was isolated. The diagnosis of Majocchi’s granuloma was made, and the patient was treated with itraconazole (200 mg daily) for eight weeks, when all lesions resolved and fungal culture was negative.

Misapplication of topical corticosteroids over a long period, as in our case, can produce Majocchi’s granuloma. When assessing skin lesions of unusual appearance, especially if aggravated by corticosteroids, dermatologists and general practitioners should consider tinea incognito, which may appear in its invasive form of Majocchi’s granuloma. The available world literature shows that Majocchi’s granuloma presenting as tinea incognito caused by topical corticosteroids has been reported extremely rarely.
Opinions Of Social Workers And Social Pedagogues About Their Professional Responsibility While Interacting With Clients
Authors: Jezerskytė Edita , Žydžiūnaitė Vilma
Published: December 2015

Professional responsibility of social worker and social pedagogue is related to social, psychological, moral, educational, material and / or financial and other aspects. Then which aspects within the professional responsibility are worth to both specialists? The object of the research is the professional responsibility of social worker and social pedagogue. Research questions in this study are the following: What aspects are meaningful for social workers and social pedagogues within their professional responsibility while interacting with clients? Are these aspects overlap for social worker and social pedagogue or differ? The research aim is to explore the opinions of social workers and social pedagogues about their professional responsibility within their occupations. The questioning survey was performed at schools and social service organizations in five regions of Lithuania. Research participants were chosen according to purposeful sampling and in research study were asked to participate only social workers and social pedagogues who have experience in their professional (social work or social pedagogy) activities not less than five years. Data were collected by applying the questioning survey (2014 year) using the questionnaire with closed-ended questions. For data analysis were used the Microsoft Excel 2013 and SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, 21.0). Findings showed that the self-perception, help to clients, professional ethics, trust are the components of professional responsibilities in the daily professional practices of social workers and social pedagogues. Conclusions highlight the idea that social workers and social pedagogues as responsible professionals must realize themselves not only as professionals, but also as human beings who must find the ways to connect with the diversity of clients.
Professional Education And Training Of Physicians At The Lithuanian University Of Health Sciences: The Opinions Of The Luhs Graduates
Authors: Dulksnienė Liudmila , Ramanauskas Irmantas , Stankevičienė Sigutė , Gerbutavičienė Rima-Jūratė
Published: December 2015

The increasing significance of science and more intensive cooperation with foreign partners create favorable preconditions for the education and training of good specialists. In view of the renewal of specialty knowledge and the possibility to read the most recent scientific literature in a foreign language and to participate in international conferences with foreign partners, it has become relevant to educate specialists capable of cooperating in scientific and subject-oriented activity when freely communicating in several foreign languages. However, currently, many higher education institutions in Lithuania are reducing the number of hours in the professional foreign language modules. Still, despite the continuous reduction of the hours allocated for foreign language learning, the requirements for the quality of knowledge are actually increasing. For this reason, the teacher faces a problem of how to help a student internalize the required professional knowledge within a short period of time. The aim of the study was to reveal the peculiarities of the expression of integrated practical classes in professional language studies at the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LSMU). In search of new possibilities for professional language learning, integrated professional language classes were used for students learning medicine in Lithuanian and a foreign language. During these classes, medical issues were analyzed. The study on the learning process in the integrated professional language classes at the LSMU was carried out in 2014. Data for this quantitative study were collected by using a written survey. The studied population consisted of 2nd- and 3rd-year students of the LSMU Faculty of Medicine. The results of the study conducted at the LSMU when teaching the Professional Language module showed that integrated practical classes of professional language positively influenced the students’ learning and facilitated students’ empowerment for successful professional language studies. The students positively evaluated the contents of the integrated classes, the methods used, and the teachers’ competence. The students’ opinion about the application of the elements of PBL during integrated professional language classes was also favorable. The students were willing to try something new and to learn languages by drawing schemes and maps, discussing medical issues, analyzing problems, and searching for answers to the arising questions.
Solitons, Bäcklund Transformation, Lax Pair, and Infinitely Many Conservation Law for a (2+1)-Dimensional Generalised Variable-Coefficient Shallow Water Wave Equation
Authors: Lan Zhong-Zhou , Gao Yi-Tian , Yang Jin-Wei , Su Chuan-Qi , Zuo Da-Wei
Published: December 2015

Under investigation in this article is a (2+1)-dimensional generalised variable-coefficient shallow water wave equation, which describes the interaction of the Riemann wave propagating along the y axis with a long-wave propagating along the x axis in a fluid, where x and y are the scaled space coordinates. Bilinear forms, Bäcklund transformation, Lax pair, and infinitely many conservation law are derived based on the binary Bell polynomials. Multi-soliton solutions are constructed via the Hirota method. Propagation and interaction of the solitons are illustrated graphically: (i) variable coefficients affect the shape of the multi-soliton interaction in the scaled space and time coordinates. (ii) Positions of the solitons depend on the sign of wave numbers after each interaction. (iii) Interaction of the solitons is elastic, i.e. the amplitude, velocity, and shape of each soliton remain invariant after each interaction except for a phase shift.
Mapping global changes in nuclear cytosine base modifications in the early mouse embryo
Authors: Li Y , Seah Michelle K Y , O'Neill C
Published: December 2015

Reprogramming epigenetic modifications to cytosine is required for normal embryo development. We used improved immunolocalization techniques to simultaneously map global changes in the levels of 5′-methylcytosine (5meC) and 5′-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in each cell of the embryo from fertilization through the first rounds of cellular differentiation. The male and female pronuclei of the zygote showed similar staining levels, and these remained elevated over the next three cell cycles. The inner cells of the morula showed a progressive reduction in global levels of both 5meC and 5hmC and further losses occurred in the pluripotent inner cell mass (ICM) of the blastocyst. This was accompanied by undetectable levels of DNA methyltransferase of each class in the nuclei of the ICM, while DNA methyltransferase 3B was elevated in the hypermethylated nuclei of the trophectoderm (TE). Segregation of the ICM into hypoblast and epiblast was accompanied by increased levels in the hypoblast compared with the epiblast. Blastocyst outgrowthin vitrois a model for implantation and showed that a demethylated state persisted in the epiblast while the hypoblast had higher levels of both 5meC and 5hmC staining. The high levels of 5meC and 5hmC evident in the TE persisted in trophoblast and trophoblast giant cells after attachment of the blastocyst to the substratumin vitro. This study shows that global cytosine hypomethylation and hypohydroxymethylation accompanied the formation of the pluripotent ICM and this persisted into the epiblast after blastocyst outgrowth, and each differentiated lineage formed in the early embryo showed higher global levels of 5meC and 5hmC.
REVIEW OF JEAN LOPEZ & LASHA OTKHMEZURI, JOUKOV: L`HOMME QUI A VAINCU HITLER
Authors: Lane Jan-Erik
Published: December 2015

Most of the history of the Baltic States in the 20th century is completely dominated by their relation to the Eastern giant, the Soviet Union. What the Soviet Union represented was not only an authoritarian, and at times, totalitarian rulership but also a constant fear of the unpredictable. Two French military historians, connected with the journal Guerre et Histoire, have recently managed to go through newly opened archives in Russia to unveil the unpredictable career of the most distinguished commander of the Red Army, Gregory Zhukov. Their book entirely confirms the impression among Baltic people that the Soviet Union was fundamentally instable in the sense that anything could happen: state arbitrariness. [...]
Los desafíos del marketing en la era del big data
Authors: Ortiz Morales Marsy Dayanna , Joyanes Aguilar Luis , Giraldo Marín Lillyana María
Published: December 2015

Este escrito plantea cuatro desafíos del marketing a los que se enfrentan las empresas en la era digital teniendo en cuenta el enfoque estratégico, tecnológico y táctico; su objetivo es ayudar a que las organizaciones, en especial los departamentos de marketing, puedan tomar mejores decisiones implementando la analítica de datos. En la primera parte del artículo se presenta la definición y evolución del marketing desde la revolución industrial, con su enfoque en el producto y la producción en masa, hasta el marketing actual, que está centrado en el consumidor y las necesidades del cliente buscando una diferenciación y personalización tanto de productos como de servicios basándose en los avances tecnológicos y los diversos accesos a la información. En la segunda parte se especifica qué es Big Data, los volúmenes de datos, los tipos de datos y sus fuentes; igualmente, se puntualiza qué es la analítica de datos (data analytics). El tercer aporte esboza la descripción del marketing en nuestros días y cómo los servicios de la Web 2.0 (redes sociales, RSS, tecnologías rápidas de mensajería, vídeos, mensajería instantánea, wikis, blogs, etc.) y sus bases teóricas ayudan a la captación, fidelización y posicionamiento de marca. Por último, se presentan los cuatro desafíos para las empresas en la actual era digital: el desafío de las 6V (volumen, velocidad, variedad, veracidad, valor y visualización); los retos estratégicos, tecnológicos y operativos en las organizaciones; las tendencias del marketing y la medición del ROMI (return on marketing investment).  
Retos para materializar el dividendo de género perfiles de uso de tiempo en Costa Rica
Authors: Jiménez-Fontana Pamela
Published: December 2015

El dividendo de género es una oportunidad potencial para el crecimiento económico, producto del incremento de la participación de la mujer en el mercado laboral; sin embargo, el trabajo no remunerado que realizan las mujeres en el hogar puede considerarse como una barrera para incrementar su participación en la fuerza de trabajo. Con el objetivo de analizar la relación entre la producción no remunerada y el potencial del dividendo de género, este artículo analiza los patrones de uso de tiempo y la producción y consumo no remunerado en Costa Rica. Además, el estudio realiza una estimación de una potencial demanda insatisfecha de cuido infantil. El trabajo utiliza los métodos desarrollados por la red internacional National Transfer Accounts. Los principales resultados del trabajo confirman que la mujer es la responsable normativa de las tareas domésticas no remuneradas, mientras que los hombres en promedio se especializan en el mercado laboral. Los resultados evidencian que no existe una mayor corresponsabilidad entre hombres y mujeres de generaciones jóvenes. La materialización del dividendo de género depende en gran medida de que las políticas públicas procuren reducir la carga de trabajo no remunerado de las mujeres e incrementen las oportunidades a empleos de calidad. 
Francmasonería y la sociedad civil: el caso de Estado Unidos
Authors: De Los Reyes-Heredia Guillermo
Published: December 2015

En este artículo se propone que los archivos un tanto oscuros de la francmasonería y de organizaciones ritualistas similares pueden ilustrarnos notablemente sobre las formas en que los movimientos voluntarios han contribuido al proceso de democratización. Algunas de las preguntas de investigación que aquí se plantean son las siguientes: ¿Son las organizaciones voluntarias un ingrediente esencial para la democratización? Y si lo son, ¿se incluyen en este grupo el gran número de organizaciones voluntarias que parecen ser autoritarias en sus asuntos internos? ¿Contribuyen a la cultura democrática los grupos cuyas metas y cuya estructura interna están poco relacionadas con el crecimiento de la democracia? Este trabajo pretende contribuir a la actual discusión sobre sociedad civil, voluntariado y democracia. Otros dos temas que se discuten son la interacción y el uso académico de las aproximaciones teóricas de cultura popular y política al estudiar la influencia que la sociedades secretas y ritualistas, en particular,  los francmasones ejercen en el estado y los discursos políticos.
Del mar a la política. Masonería en Nueva España/México, 1816-1823
Authors: Vázquez Semadeni María Eugenia
Published: December 2015

Los orígenes de la masonería en México han estado rodeados siempre de mitos y misterios, principalmente a causa de la escasez de documentos masónicos que los aclaren. En este artículo se discuten esos orígenes con base en fuentes primarias recientemente localizadas y se muestran los ámbitos socio-económicos en que sus miembros estuvieron inmersos. También se aborda cuándo y por qué la primera masonería mexicana se introdujo en la vida política.
Las Injusticias sociales en la prensa masónica de fines del siglo XIX: El Boletín de Procedimientos del Gran Oriente Ibérico
Authors: Enríquez del Árbol Eduardo
Published: December 2015

Esta comunicación tiene la pretensión, sin ánimo exhaustivo, de sopesar la preocupación de la masonería decimonónica sobre los males de la sociedad española. Es decir, el gran problema social entre la España real y la España oficial. Sobre la cuestión social, con la excepción del Gran Oriente Español, ningún alto organismo de la masonería en el siglo XIX, dedicó una atención prioritaria como el Gran Oriente Ibérico, quizás el más “politizado” de todos ellos. Por lo tanto, este trabajo discute los textos más importantes sobre las injusticias sociales de su Boletín de Procedimiento durante 1890.
Fókuszban a szöveti biomarkerek. Az ösztrogének mint a szövetspecifikus immunválasz és autoimmunitás modulálásának kulcsszereplői
Authors: Vásárhelyi Barna , Mészáros Katalin , Karvaly Gellért , Patócs Attila
Published: December 2015

Estrogens modulate the immune response as well as the risk and progression of autoimmune disorders. Their effects are mediated by nuclear receptors (i.e. estrogen receptor alpha and beta), membrane receptors, and are influenced by their interactions with other hormones. Locally produced hormones and cytokines are the main factors in maintaining tissue homeostasis. The response of immune cells to estrogens is related to their developmental stage. The diverse effects of estrogens on various autoimmune disorders are the result of the versatility of their pathomechanism. In general, progression of B-cell mediated disorders is aggravated by estrogens. Their effects on T-cell mediated disorders, on the other hand, are driven by Th1 or Th2 dominance. As estrogens promote the escalation of the Th2 immune response, Th2-dominant disorders are aggravated, while Th1-dominant disorders are ameliorated upon high estrogen levels. Inflammation on its own also modulates the impact of estrogens. Inflammatory cytokines alter the expression of the alpha and beta estrogen receptors as well as the activity of estrogen metabolizing enzymes. Monitoring the local, tissue-wide interaction between hormones and immune cells would provide a better tool for identification and characterization of molecules involved in this system. To date, routinely used laboratory methods have a limited role in monitoring the local effects of estrogens. In this current paper the authors summarize the role of estrogens in immune system and overview those novel methods which are useful in the investigation of local endocrine milieu. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(51), 2070–2076.
El inductor-PDC enfocado a medir el crecimiento y generación de valor para la PYME
Authors: Jimenez Sanchez Jorge Ivan
Published: December 2015

Este artículo tiene por objeto resaltar la importancia de aplicar en la PYME el inductor palanca de crecimiento-PDC®, ya que  permite determinar lo atractivo del crecimiento empresarial desde el punto de vista del valor agregado. Para el análisis se seleccionó al azar una PYME. Los resultados muestran una PDC negativa, se comparó con otras empresas similares con iguales resultados. La característica  de estas PYME es un  alto nivel de endeudamiento, baja rentabilidad y un ciclo de efectivo muy lento. Con el fin de verificar la relación se procedió a ampliar el análisis a  empresas del sector bebidas, uno de los más dinámicos. Los cálculos muestran una PDC positiva. Se concluye que el inductor PDC es un indicador clave de apoyo a la gestión que  permite analizar lo exitoso o no de una PYME con el sector.
Presence of dual diagnosis between users and non-users of licit and illicit drugs in Brazil
Authors: Formiga Mariana Bandeira , Vasconcelos Selene Cordeiro , Galdino Melyssa Kellyane Cavalcanti , Lima Murilo Duarte da Costa
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT Objective Investigate the occurrence of dual diagnosis in users of legal and illegal drugs. Methods It is an analytical, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, non-probabilistic intentional sampling, carried out in two centers for drug addiction treatment, by means of individual interviews. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) and the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) were used. Results One hundred and ten volunteers divided into abstinent users (group 1), alcoholics (group 2) and users of alcohol and illicit drugs (group 3). The substances were alcohol, tobacco, crack and marijuana. A higher presence of dual diagnosis in group 3 (71.8%) was observed, which decreased in group 2 (60%) and 37.1% of drug abstinent users had psychiatric disorder. Dual diagnosis was associated with the risk of suicide, suicide attempts and the practice of infractions. The crack consumption was associated with the occurrence of major depressive episode and antisocial personality disorder. Conclusion It was concluded that the illicit drug users had a higher presence of dual diagnosis showing the severity of this clinical condition. It is considered essential that this clinical reality is included in intervention strategies in order to decrease the negative effects of consumption of these substances and provide better quality of life for these people.
SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF MEANINGS ABOUT PREGNANCY-MOTHERHOOD AMONG ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Araujo Nayara Bueno de , Mandú Edir Nei Teixeira
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT This study aimed to comprehend the social construction of meanings about pregnancy-motherhood among pregnant adolescents. An explicative study, conducted in 2014, with 12 adolescents, using individual and group interview, local context observation, consultation of documents and precepts of Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis. The meaning of compatibility between pregnancy and adolescence was found, and the contraposition to the dominant discourse of adolescent pregnancy as a problem. The event answered that to which teenagers projected for themselves, in a restricted context of social opportunities. They valued it as a social ideal of maternity and family constitution, foreseeing social recognition, evidence of femininity and greater power and autonomy. However, these gains showed themselves crossed by difficulties seen, such as confronting the family evaluation and the "painful" parity. The comprehension contextualized of these meanings and of the social and ideological content is essential to the development of a higher degree of autonomy-accountability of adolescents.
EFEITOS DO TREINAMENTO FÍSICO NO ENDOTÉLIO APÓS CIRURGIA DE REVASCULARIZAÇÃO
Authors: Aikawa Priscila , Signori Luis Ulisses , Hauck Melina , Pereira Ana Paula Cardoso , Paulitsch Renata Gomes , Silva Claudio Tafarel Mackmillan da , Peres William , Paulitsch Felipe da Silva
Published: December 2015

Introdução A cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (CRM) é uma das mais frequentes cirurgias realizadas em todo o mundo, muitos estudos vêm relatando os benefícios do treinamento físico para a melhora da capacidade funcional, porém há poucos estudos sobre os efeitos na função endotelial vascular. Objetivo Analisar os efeitos do treinamento físico sobre a função endotelial vascular em pacientes submetidos à CRM, isoladamente na fase tardia da reabilitação após seis meses de programa de reabilitação cardíaca (PCR). Métodos Foram incluídos pacientes que haviam sido submetidos à CRM no período máximo de um ano após a cirurgia. O PRC foi empregado durante seis meses consecutivos, com três sessões semanais. Todos os pacientes realizaram exames laboratoriais, teste de força muscular de uma repetição máxima (1-RM) para os membros superiores e inferiores, teste de caminhada de 6 min (TC6M) e avaliação da função endotelial através da técnica de vasodilatação mediada pelo fluxo. Resultados Onze pacientes iniciaram o PRC, porém nove pacientes o completaram. A média de idade foi de 66 anos (50 a 82 anos) e o sexo masculino foi predominante (55,6%). Houve mudanças significativas nos exames laboratoriais bioquímicos: aumento do colesterol total (Basal: 162 ± 31mg/dL vs. 195 ± 39mg/dL; P=0,012) e diminuição da hemoglobina glicada (Basal: 6,74 ± 1,64% vs. 6,26 ± 1,62%; P=0,028). A força muscular aumentou significativamente nos membros superiores e inferiores (P=0,030 e P=0,038, respectivamente); no TC6M observou-se um aumento significativo de 20% na distância percorrida (P=0,020) após seis meses consecutivos de treinamento e houve uma melhora na vasodilatação mediada pelo fluxo (Basal: 6,35 ± 3,92% vs. 6 meses: 9,90 ± 4,19%; P=0,026). Conclusão O treinamento combinado realizado em seis meses ajudou a melhorar a função endotelial e a capacidade funcional de pacientes sedentários que foram submetidos à CRM na fase tardia da reabilitação.
Aminas bioativas e qualidade da carne de frangos de corte
Authors: Assis D.C.S. , Menezes L.D. M. , Silva G.R. , Caccioppoli J. , Santos E.L.S. , Heneine L.G.D. , Figueiredo T.C. , Cançado S.V.
Published: December 2015

Com o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade da carne de frangos de corte mediante pesquisa dos níveis de aminas bioativas, foram coletadas, pelos serviços de inspeção oficiais, 160 amostras de carcaças provenientes de cinco regiões distintas do estado de Minas Gerais, durante o período de um ano. As poliaminas (espermidina e espermina) e as aminas biogênicas (putrescina, cadaverina, histamina, tiramina) foram pesquisadas por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência e detecção ultravioleta (CLAE/UV). Os resultados encontrados demonstraram a presença das poliaminas, espermidina e espermina, em todas as amostras, em concentrações médias de 3,56mg/100g e 5,72mg/100g, respectivamente. Em todas as amostras foram detectadas, em concentrações muito baixas, as aminas putrescina, cadaverina, histamina e tiramina. Foi concluído que a carne de frangos de corte produzida no estado de Minas Gerais é uma fonte de poliaminas, importantes para o crescimento e a proliferação celular, e que os baixos teores de aminas biogênicas encontrados não representam riscos à saúde do consumidor, indicando que esse tipo de carne apresenta boa qualidade, tomando por base o critério de aminas bioativas.
Clinical and histopathological features of myocarditis in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis
Authors: Santos F.P. dos , Pascon J.P.E. , Pereira D.T.P. , Anjos B.L. , Mistieri M.L.A. , Silveira I.D. , Porciuncula M.L.
Published: December 2015

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a cosmopolitan parasitic zoonosis that can promote myocarditis and heart rate changes in canine and human hosts. Thus, histopathological aspects of the myocardium and clinical, hematological, biochemical, radiological and electrocardiographic data were evaluated in a group of 36 dogs naturally infected with VL (VLG) and compared to data from 15 non-infected dogs (CG=Control Group). A prevalence of asymptomatic dogs was present in the CG (100%) and polysymptomatic dogs in the VLG (66%). In addition, two dogs in the VLG demonstrated systolic murmurs in the mitral valve region: one with a II/VI intensity and the other with a III/VI intensity. The mean values of RBC, hemoglobin and hematocrit were lower in dogs in VLG and were associated with higher values of total protein, total leukocytes, neutrophils, creatine kinase overall (CK) and the CK-MB fraction (CK-MB). The absence of radiographic changes was accompanied by a predominance of respiratory sinus arrhythmia associated with episodes of migratory pacemaker and sinus arrest in dogs in VLG (75%), sinus rhythm in dogs in CG (60%) and decreased P wave amplitude in VLG electrocardiography. Mononuclear cell infiltration was detected in the myocardium of 77,8% of dogs in GVL and classified primarily as mild multifocal lymphohistioplasmacytic. Amastigotes were detected in only one dog, which did not allow the association between myocarditis and parasitism, although the myocardial lesions that were found constitute irrefutable evidence of myocarditis in the VLG dogs, accompanied by lenient electrocardiographic changes compared to CG.
Avaliação histomorfométrica e da proliferação celular em úlceras de córnea superficiais, induzidas em coelhos, após o uso de colírio de Citrus lemon
Authors: Perches C.S. , Pellizzon C.H. , Ranzani J.J.T. , Padovani C.R. , Merlini N.B. , Sereno M.G. , Fonzar J.F. , Brandão C.V.S.
Published: December 2015

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar e comparar, por meio de histomorfometria e imuno-histoquímica para PCNA (Antígeno Nuclear de Proliferação Celular), o processo de reparação corneal de úlceras superficiais induzidas em coelhos e tratadas com colírios de óleo essencial de Citrus lemon (CL). Foram utilizadas 40 fêmeas da espécie leporina, constituindo-se quatro grupos experimentais de 10 animais cada. Todos os animais foram submetidos à indução da úlcera superficial experimental por meio da aplicação tópica de n-heptanol. Em dois grupos foram instilados colírios à base de óleo essencial de Citrus lemon, em diferentes concentrações, sendo 3% (GL3) e 5% (GL5). Outro grupo foi tratado com Tween 80 8% (GT), que é o diluente utilizado na produção dos colírios de CL; o grupo controle (GC) recebeu apenas substituto da lágrima. Todos os colírios foram aplicados quatro vezes ao dia. Os grupos experimentais foram distribuídos em dois subgrupos, com cinco animais cada, de acordo com os períodos finais de avaliação. O primeiro subgrupo (M1) foi avaliado após 24 horas e o segundo (M2), após cinco dias. Nas comparações entre os momentos iniciais e finais, os grupos tratados com substituto da lágrima, Tween 80 8% e colírio à base de óleo essencial deCitrus lemon 5% promoveram aumento na espessura epitelial na periferia da córnea e maior percentual de proliferação celular. Não houve diferença de celularidade entre os tratamentos. Os colírios à base de óleo essencial de Citrus lemon, nas diferentes concentrações, promoveram a reepitelização corneal, sem causar lesões adicionais ao epitélio ou estroma corneal, podendo ser utilizado na superfície ocular.
Subarachnoid injection of ifenprodil and ketamine association improves the anti-hyperalgesic action of ketamine in dogs
Authors: Rondon E.S. , Valadão C.A.A. , Parada C.A.
Published: December 2015

To test clinically whether a small dose of ifenprodil can enhance the anti-hyperalgesic effect of ketamine in dogs, a prospective randomized cross-over study was done with eight mongrel dogs (weighing 16.9 ± 3.7kg). Animals received two distinct treatments: ketamine (0.3mg kg-1; KT) and an ifenprodil plus ketamine combination (0.03mg kg-1 and 0.3mg kg-1, respectively; IKT). Dogs were anesthetized with propofol (5mg kg-1 intravenously) and a subarachnoid needle was placed between the 5th and 6th lumbar vertebrae. Five minutes after subarachnoid injection of KT or IKT, an incision including cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues was made on the common pad of one hind limb and was immediately closed with a simple interrupted suture pattern. The dogs were treated again 20 days later, using the contralateral pad and the opposite treatment. Sedation score (SS), lameness score (LS), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (fR), and mechanical nociceptive threshold using von Frey filaments, were evaluated before anesthesia and at 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours after subarachnoid injection. There were no differences in SS, LS, HR or fR between treatments. The intensity of hyperalgesia was higher in KT than in IKT for 24 hours. The anti-hyperalgesic effect of IKT remained without statistical significant difference between 1 and 24 h. Prior subarachnoid administration of ifenprodil enhances the anti-hyperalgesic effect of subarachnoid ketamine in dogs. Ifenprodil can be co-administrated with ketamine to enhance its anti-hyperalgesic effect and to reduce acute post-incisional hyperalgesia without motor impairment and sedation.
Privação relativa e ativismo em protestos no Brasil: uma investigação sobre o horizonte do possível
Authors: Mendonça Clarice , Fuks Mario
Published: December 2015

Este artigo analisa a relação entre a privação relativa e a participação política em protestos no Brasil, buscando entender o papel específico da percepção da ampliação do horizonte de possibilidades para o comportamento político contestatório. A privação relativa é aqui entendida como "resultado de uma percepção de carências, relativas a outros que não as sofrem, carências que não deveriam existir ou que podem desaparecer" (Santos, 2006, p. 148). O hiato entre o lugar social ocupado e o patamar que o indivíduo avalia que pode alcançar se intensifica quando ocorre a ampliação do horizonte de possibilidades, ou seja, da percepção de que essa progressão na condição de vida é factível. Quanto maior o hiato, maior a probabilidade de envolvimento em protestos (Gurr, 1971). A partir dos dados do survey Barômetro das Américas 2012, constatou-se que a ampliação do horizonte do possível está de fato relacionada ao ativismo em protestos, corroborando a hipótese de que a privação relativa, na recente história do Brasil, tem influência importante sobre o ativismo político.
Aferindo a capacidade de influência das conferências de políticas públicas sobre os programas das respectivas políticas setoriais
Authors: Petinelli Viviane
Published: December 2015

Este artigo propõe um método para aferir a capacidade de influência de conferências de políticas públicas sobre as respectivas políticas. Por capacidade de influência, entende-se o grau de incorporação das propostas aprovadas nessas arenas participativas nos programas das políticas setoriais. Posto que as propostas aprovadas consistem tanto de sugestões do ministério organizador como de diretrizes inéditas elaboradas na conferência, este artigo avalia o grau de incorporação dessas propostas separadamente e denomina capacidade real de influência a proporção relativa de recomendações inéditas incorporadas em relação ao total. Esta análise é empregada para a 1ª Conferência de Aquicultura e Pesca, de Cidades, de Meio Ambiente, de Esporte, de Políticas para Mulheres e de Promoção da Igualdade Racial. Constata-se que as conferências têm servido enquanto espaços informacionais e propositores de novas políticas.
Diez años de la Declaración Universal sobre Bioética y Derechos Humanos
Authors: Bergel Salvador Dario
Published: December 2015

Resumen La Declaración Universal sobre Bioética y Derechos Humanos de la UNESCO de 2005 significó un punto de corte entre la “bioética clásica”, desprovista de una visión social y política, con la “nueva bioética” que ubica al hombre en un escenario global junto a sus semejantes y a los demás integrantes de la biósfera. A diez años de su vigencia el artículo relata sus antecedentes, así como el valor jurídico, político y social de la Declaración, subrayando sus aportes más significativos y concluyendo con una visión del futuro.
Anencefalia e anomalias congênitas: contribuição do patologista ao Poder Judiciário
Authors: Gazzola Luciana de Paula Lima , Melo Frederico Henrique Corrêa de
Published: December 2015

Resumo O Supremo Tribunal Federal, em 2012, proferiu decisão histórica no bojo da Arguição de Descumprimento de Preceito Fundamental 54, baseando-se na premissa de que somente o feto com capacidade de ser pessoa pode ser sujeito passivo do crime de aborto. O tema é dos mais importantes, pois envolve dignidade, liberdade, autodeterminação e direitos individuais. Decidiu-se que a antecipação terapêutica do parto, nessa situação, não constitui aborto, uma vez que esse tipo penal pressupõe potencialidade de vida extrauterina. Ressalta-se a existência de numerosas síndromes malformativas, também incompatíveis com a vida extrauterina, que devem ser objeto de regulamentação, com base na isonomia. É fundamental o diagnóstico intraútero, além do estudo minucioso do produto da concepção, mediante necropsia realizada por equipe especializada. Importa, ainda, privilegiar o debate e conferir tratamento jurídico semelhante a condições fetais que, embora não tão conhecidas como a anencefalia, acarretam o mesmo impacto social e condições jurídicas análogas.