DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM FOR REMOTE DETECTION OF EXPLOSIVE DEVICES AND POLLUTION ON AGRICULTURAL LANDS
Authors: HOLODYUK Oleksandr , KAVUNOV Vladyslav , KHRYSHCHENIUK Vladyslav 
Published: January 2025

One of the main principles of the precision farming system is to increase the accuracy of agrotechnical operations with the help of high-precision equipment and data collection technologies. Remote sensing uses satellite and aerospace means to obtain images and data about the state of plants, soil, and other agricultural parameters. This information is used to analyze and make decisions about the input of resources in specific areas of the fields.
In today's world, the problem of security on agricultural land is becoming increasingly important due to the spread of explosive devices and pollution. The development of an effective system for remote detection of these threats is becoming an urgent task today, which would ensure safety and stability in the work of agro-industrial enterprises, reducing the risk of negative consequences for civilians and the environment.
It is noted that remote sensing of the earth's surface in the context of the element of precision agriculture allows for maximization of the use of resources and ensures uniform and optimal cultivation of crops. This leads to an increase in the quality of products and a decrease in crop losses due to more efficient management of agrotechnical processes. Remote sensing of the soil surface can be one of the complementary methods in the search and detection of explosive devices, mines, shells, etc. It has been established that for these purposes it is possible to effectively use unmanned aerial vehicles for agricultural purposes from the companies XAG and DJI, which should be modularly equipped with optical-electronic means with a 30-fold optical magnification of surveillance objects, a multispectral camera, a thermal imager, a ground-penetrating radar (non-linear radar), which surveys areas of the earth to detect landmines by determining their position on a 3D map or orthophoto plan with high accuracy of ±2.5 cm and creating maps of minefields and a ground station, which provides manual and automatic drone operation modes with the ability to program the flight path based on GPS/RTK coordinates, is used for map creation and drone control.
A system of remote detection of explosive devices and pollution is proposed with the possibility of expanding the search for the nomenclature of dangerous objects by installing optical-electronic means, a thermal imager, radar, and artificial machine vision. It is noted that the developed method of mapping the territory of chemical pollution, which includes the control of an unmanned aircraft from a ground radio control station and the conduct of chemical (radiation) reconnaissance of the studied territory, is carried out in two stages. At the first stage, the flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle is performed at a fixed altitude, during which measurements are synchronously carried out: coordinates, heights relative to terrain surfaces, and radiation power values. At the second stage, the unmanned aerial vehicle performs sounding of elevations and depressions of the terrain, folds of the roofs of buildings, places of maxima, and danger limits. The developed system will increase the efficiency of remotely detecting the locations of explosive devices, improve the accuracy and reliability of mapping areas of ground radiation localization, and determine its intensity in areas of radiation pollution, as well as mark the boundaries of pollution on the ground. Additionally, digital marking of the location of explosive devices and mines, as well as marking the territory of radiation pollution on the ground, facilitates the quicker search for contaminated areas for decontamination and prevents unauthorized people from entering these territories.