bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Imagining Colonial Motherhood: Métissage, Mother Nation, and Marian(ne): Apparitions in Houat’s Les Marrons (1844)
Authors: Toussaint Axelle
Published: May 2024

Abstract: “Imagining Colonial Motherhood: Métissage, Mother Nation, and Marian Apparitions in Houat’s Les Marrons (1844),” examines two tableaux from Les Marrons , an abolitionist novel written by Réunion Island native Louis-Timagène Houat in 1844. Les Marrons marked a turning point in Réunion’s history: it was the first novel to be authored by a native, and the first written utterance of Reunionese political consciousness and imagination. The novel was conceived as an anti-slavery pamphlet, fueled by Republican ideals of social and racial reconciliation. It stages a colonial romance between a white woman and an African slave in Réunion, then a French colony, culminating in the birth of a métis child. Through a close analysis of two tableaux from Les Marrons, this paper investigates the ideal of motherhood that emerges in the French colonial imagination. Marie, the novel’s only feminine figure is imagined as a white mother, in an apparent denial of the Black mothers of the island’s origins. The white mother is likened to the island itself, as both island and woman are perceived as porous liminal grounds—sites of potential racial pollution. Houat’s novel offers a prime perspective onto the ambivalence that characterized the colonial apprehension of the white woman, through its iconic evocation of the Virgin Mary and the Mother Nation. This paper also suggests that the figure of the white mother, identified as a significant point of convergence of metropolitan and Reunionese antislavery discourses, helped tie a symbolic knot between France and its insular colony, and produced France as the motherland.
Concrete on Campus: Material Values of Late Modern Campus Buildings
Authors: Holden Susan , Chaddock Steven
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Late modern concrete buildings that were a cornerstone of post–World War II university expansion in Australia are reaching a point where they require conservation, adaptation or replacement. Material perspectives reveal the entanglement of cultural and environmental values in managing the legacy of this building stock. The University of Queensland St. Lucia campus is taken as a case study to examine this entanglement. At UQ, the cultural heritage values of its modernist buildings are not well understood or acknowledged through existing heritage legislation. At the same time, the decarbonization agenda presents compelling reasons to keep and maintain buildings, particularly concrete ones with high embodied energy, despite the challenges presented by carbonation to the longevity of reinforced concrete as a material. In this article we explore how a material view both advances and complicates understanding of the UQ campus environment, alongside the potential for new digital tools to integrate qualitative and quantitative data and give agency to the university as an ecological custodian of its environment. Through analysis of a selection of 1960s and 1970s exposed concrete buildings, we explore how material values change the imperatives of built environment custodianship, and how energetics is changing our understanding of architectural materials such as concrete.
Earthly Matters, Earthy Visions: National Architecture Narratives and the Unexpected Culture of Norwegian Rammed Earth Houses
Authors: Brandl Erika
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This research paper shares the neglected story of rammed earth houses in Norway, with a focus on the past conditions that enabled its craft and emergence. Architectural representations in the country have been inexorably tied to craft traditions and localisms, framed as a marriage of natural materials and the built form; however, wood and stone occupy center stage of this material-oriented ethos. Very little attention is given to old rammed earth building techniques. Beyond tectonic considerations, the paper's aim is to document the value-tinged discourse around the making of rammed earth houses, or jordhus, built at the end of the nineteenth century, between 1920 and 1930, and during the post–World War II building boom. I examine and document the social circumstances and ideologies that caused Norwegian individuals to turn to—and away from—such a material. Based on Asbjørn Klepp's seminal "Jordhus i Norge," as well as Akershus Museum's little-known surveys, building projects in Østland, Vestland, and Sørland are the focus of this study of the social, cultural and technological histories embedded in rammed earth free-standing walls. Notions of sustainability and craft, of vernacular knowledge and home aesthetics are then utilized to qualify and weigh the significance of jordhus for present-day building narratives of Norway, thus shedding new light on established methods for the writing and telling of the country's architectural narratives: in the concluding section, I briefly comment on rammed earth's resurgence in the face of current climate concerns and describe a contemporary case study (Raab Jordhus, 2019) that shows the material's significance for future Norwegian architectural cultures.
"People Would Come Up and Look in Your Window and Holler and See if You Was Still Alive": Recollections of the 1918 Pandemic
Authors: Golden Janet
Published: May 2024

Abstract: In exploring children's experiences during the 1918 influenza pandemic in the United States, Janet Golden underscores the importance of recognizing the personal nature of all pandemics. Oral histories, newspaper reports, and government records shed light on the distinctive and significant challenges endured by children during the pandemic. These experiences were not exactly the same as that of adults: Illness, fear, the deaths of family members and caregivers, interruptions to their daily lives, and loss of educational opportunities were distinctly different for children. Despite their limitations, oral histories offer valuable insights into the cultural, social, and medical consequences of the 1918 pandemic for children. Golden also finds a distinct contrast in the public memory of the "forgotten pandemic" of 1918 and the scores of public tributes to the crisis of World War I. Numerous memorials and cultural references recognize the hardships of the Great War, but there are no memorials and references to the tragedies of the 1918 influenza pandemic. In conclusion, Golden notes the historical importance of specifically focusing on the experiences of children to help to highlight the long-term consequences when such crises define the experience of a generation. She urges the collecting of young people's experiences with the COVID-19 pandemic in order to help to understand its influence on this generation's future.
Child Maltreatment and Child Protection in the Time of COVID-19
Authors: Berrick Jill Duerr
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Jill Duerr Berrick uses a diverse range of data sources to examine the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on family dynamics and trends in child maltreatment and protection in the United States. While there was a sharp decline in official reports of child abuse and neglect during the height of the pandemic's lockdowns and social restrictions, hospital admissions for injuries to children from suspected maltreatment and abuse increased. Relying on official reports of abuse and neglect does not accurately reflect the experiences of the many children whose families were disrupted by the pandemic. Significantly, the implementation of remote learning meant teachers and other school personnel did not have the advantage of observing daily children's physical and mental condition. But self-reporting by parents and investigators shows heightened stress within families and an increased use of harsh parenting techniques. Berrick also explores the "toxic trio" of domestic violence, substance abuse, and evidence of diminished mental health. Berrick calls for comprehensive efforts to address child and family poverty by recognizing the urgent need to improve support systems for vulnerable populations, especially children in those families, during times of societal upheaval such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Reflecting on the Present through the Past: Children's Displacement from Ukraine
Authors: Kind-Kovács Friederike , Oksiutovych Anna
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Friederike Kind Kovács and Anna Oksiutovych argue that the displacement of children is one of the major, but generally overlooked, consequences of the war in Ukraine. The authors find valuable insights in studying previous examples of children's forced displacement and migration to safe countries that help identify the possible long- and short-term consequences for the children who have left Ukraine following the Russia's invasion that began February 24, 2022. Specifically, the history of Hungarian children's displacement during and after World War I offers important parallels. Kind-Kovács and Oksiutovych identify two kinds of displacements—those that take place by families leaving for safe countries in anticipation of the crisis created by the war and children's forced displacement under Russian policies. In regard to the latter, the article examines the Russian government's possible motivations behind the forced abduction of 700,000 Ukrainian minors taken to Russia, actions that are contrary to international law. These abductions target the most vulnerable children, especially orphans and disabled children residing in institutions. The authors conducted oral histories with Ukrainian mothers who relocated with their children to safe countries, and their testimonies offers insights into the difficulties faced by these refugee children even in these "better" circumstances. The authors underscore the urgent need for comprehensive international measures to protect children's rights in conflict zones such as Ukraine, finding support for their conclusions in historical evidence.
The Rise of the “Lineage Proletariat”: The Soviet State’s Class Policy and Kyrgyz Lineage Society in the 1920s
Authors: Bektursunov Mirlan
Published: May 2024

SUMMARY: Blending Soviet archival materials with Kyrgyz lineage genealogies, this article examines how the coming of the Soviet regime, with its emphasis on antagonistic classes, affected hierarchical power relationships within traditional Kyrgyz lineage society. In doing so, the article analyzes the history of Kyrgyz lineage relations from the imperial to the Soviet periods. It argues that the emergence of contested politics was a result of deliberate efforts by the Soviet authorities to elevate previously disenfranchised and weak ( bukara ) lineages in Kyrgyz nomadic society, which had formerly been dominated by established, powerful ( manap ) lineages. This situation was a direct result of the Soviet regime’s attempt to promote class conflict in Soviet Kyrgyzstan. The Soviet principle of the clash between classes, imposed on the Kyrgyz lineage society, evolved into a confrontation between powerful and weak lineage groups, the latter officially supported by the state. In the long run, attempts to create “lineage proletariats” had lasting effects on the Soviet project in Central Asia. The fact that a self-proclaimed socialist regime promoted lineage stratification by exploiting preexisting hierarchies to further its cause ultimately contributed to the conservation of lineage identities in the region. Резюме: Сочетая анализ советских архивных материалов и кыргызских генеалогических источников (санжыра), статья исследует влияние со-ветской власти, с ее акцентом на классовой борьбе, на иерархические властные отношения внутри кыргызского традиционного родового общества в 1920-е гг. Реконструируя динамику межродовых отношений в позднеимперский и раннесоветский период, статья показывает фор-мирование и активизацию конкурентной политики среди кыргызских родов в результате вмешательства советских властей в эти отношения. Поддерживая традиционно бесправные и слабые (букаринские) роды, над которыми прежде господствовали основные (манапские) роды, советский режим надеялся разжечь классовый конфликт в кыргызском кочевом обществе. Навязанный киргизскому родовому обществу, советский принцип классовой борьбы перерос в противостояние сильных и слабых родо-вых групп, в которой последние пользовались официальной поддерж-кой советского государства. В долгосрочной перспективе попытки создания “родового пролетариата” имели последствия для советского проекта в Центральной Азии. Продвижение родовой стратификации самопровозглашенным социалистическим режимом, эксплуатировав-шим существующие иерархии в своих целях, в итоге способствовало сохранению родовой идентичности в регионе.
The People of the Way Revisited: Reflections on Teaching a History of Nomads and Nomadism as a History of Northern Eurasia
Authors: Biyashev Ismael
Published: May 2024

SUMMARY: Opening the series “New Curricula for New Histories of Northern Eurasia,” Ismael Biyashev introduces the syllabus of his course “Eurasian Nomads and Nomadism between Empire and Nation (A History of Managing Diversity).” Biyashev presents nomads as a complex and historically evolving phenomenon that cannot be conceptualized as a stable “thing” beyond specific historical circumstances and intergroup relations. Biyashev decenters the established historical narrative by normalizing regions and groups traditionally deemed marginal and telling a big story from their vantage point. Резюме: Открывая серию “Новые университетские курсы по новой истории Северной Евразии”, Исмаил Бияшев публикует программу своего курса “Евразийские кочевники и кочевничество между империей и нацией (история управления разнообразием)”. Бияшев представляет кочев-ников как сложное и исторически развивающееся явление, которое нельзя описать как статичную “вещь” – вне конкретных исторических обстоятельств и межгрупповых отношений. Бияшев децентрирует устоявшийся исторический нарратив, делая это за счет нормализации регионов и групп, традиционно считавшихся маргинальными, и рас-сказа через их призму большой истории.
Extreme-Ultraviolet Light Generated by Vector Beams in a Microfluidic Waveguide
Authors: Piccoli Riccardo , Bardellini Marco , Vovla Stavroula , Abedin Kamal A. A. M. , Ciriolo Anna G. , Vázquez Rebeca Martínez , Poletto Luca , Frassetto Fabio , Faccialà Davide , Devetta Michele , Vozzi Caterina , Stagira Salvatore
Published: May 2024

we demonstrated the generation of extreme-ultraviolet light via high-order harmonics generation in a microfluidic device by means of radially or azimuthally polarized laser beams.
Developments in spectral and spatial characterisation of soft x-ray emitting laser-produced plasmas
Authors: Mongey K. , Brady R. , Sheil J. , Delaney B. , Sokell E. , Reilly F. O’
Published: May 2024

Soft x-ray emitting laser plasmas offer a compact, affordable method of x-ray production. We present progress in experimental characterisation as well as comprehensive modelling of micrometer scale x-ray emitting laser plasmas.
Metrology-class EUV light source based on broadband emission from copper-target laser produced plasma
Authors: Cousin Seth L. , Dong Feng , Hettermann Matt , Houser Dave , Naulleau Patrick
Published: May 2024

The performance and characteristics of our broadband EUV source derived from copper-based laser produced plasma, currently in use in our EUV reflectometer and EUV Scatterometry tools are presented for the first time in this submission
Correlative Fluorescence and Soft X-Ray Microscopy in an Integrated Laboratory-based Setup
Authors: Reinhard Julius , Kaleta Sophia , Abel Johann Jakob , Wiesner Felix , Wünsche Martin , Seemann Eric , Westermann Martin , Weber Thomas , Nathanael Jan , Iliou Alexander , Fiedorowicz Henryk , Hillmann Falk , Eggeling Christian , Paulus Gerhard G. , Fuchs Silvio
Published: May 2024

We present an integrated correlative fluorescence and soft X-ray microscope in the water-window spectral range employing a laser-produced plasma as a source. Demonstration experiments with fluorescent nanoparticles, bacteria and various cell lines are shown.
Direct Signatures of Light-Driven Bands in Ultrafast Nonlinear Optical Excitations
Authors: Galler Anna , Rubio Ángel , Neufeld Ofer
Published: May 2024

We theoretically show that strong-field nonlinear optical transitions in solids, which are the basis for a plethora of physical phenomena, map the structure of the Floquet light-dressed electronic bands, opening new possibilities for ultrafast spectroscopy.
Laser-Compton Source-Driven Nuclear Functional Imaging Via Isotope-Specific Resonance Phenomena
Authors: Reutershan Trevor , Barty C.P.J.
Published: May 2024

Nuclear resonance fluorescence is the process by which atomic nuclei absorb and emit radiation. We discuss the possibility of using laser-Compton sources to interrogate these transitions for isotope selective biological functional imaging.
Quantum computer-based first principles simulation of high harmonic generation
Authors: Gi Hiroki , Orimo Yuki , Ishikawa Kenichi L , Kawashima Yukio , Gujarati Tanvi , Sato Takeshi
Published: May 2024

We have successfully calculated the high harmonic generation from one-dimensional helium model irradiated by an intense laser pulse on an actual quantum computer using the time-dependent optimized unitary coupled cluster and the Natural-Expansion ansatz.
Spatially homogenized post-compression in a single thin plate
Authors: Lehotai Levente , Pajer Viktor , Bohus János , Tari Balázs , Kiss Bálint , Kalashnikov Mikhail , Osvay Károly , Börzsönyi Ádám , Nagymihály Roland S.
Published: May 2024

Apodization was combined with thin plate post-compression of 30 fs laser pulses to achieve spatio-spectrally homogeneous broadened output. This method allows for simulating petawatt-class post-compression in small-scale experiments, while energy upscaling is in progress.
New Grating Compressor Designs for XCELS and SEL-100 PW Projects
Authors: Khazanov Efim
Published: May 2024

Out-of-plane compressor parameters ensuring maximum power of the output pulse were found analytically. For 160-cm long gratings, an optimal design enables 111 PW for XCELS and 120 PW for SEL-100 PW.
Unsupervised Deep Learning for Ptychography
Authors: Grova Carmelo , Bevis Charles S. , Giani Nicola , Adams Daniel E. , Mancini Giulia F. , Pellegrini Giovanni
Published: May 2024

We couple an untrained neural network to a complete physical model that describes the image formation process in Ptychography. We demonstrate high fidelity, full-field image reconstruction with ×5 less diffraction patterns for real-time ultrafast microscopy.
Aperiodic Ultrashort-Pulse Vernier Bursts
Authors: Stummer Vinzenz , Schneller Matthias , Kaksis Edgar , Flöry Tobias , Zeiler Markus , Pugžlys Audrius , Baltuška Andrius
Published: May 2024

We demonstrate that the Vernier burst technique shows remarkable capabilities in generating aperiodic bursts of ultrashort pulses. Offering precise control through individual-pulse amplitude modulation, it enables unprecedented versatility in the shaping of ultrashort-pulse bursts.
Extreme Soliton Sources for Driving Strong-Field Physics
Authors: Kotsina Nikoleta , Grigorova Teodora , Heynck Michael , Nordmann Joleik , Gebhardt Martin , Brahms Christian , Travers John C.
Published: May 2024

We describe work towards generating terawatt-scale sub-femtosecond laser pulses in the visible and near-infrared, and sub-millijoule few-femtosecond pulses in the vacuum and deep ultraviolet. This source will be used to drive strong-field physics in new regimes.
Semiconductor optical amplifier used as fibered arbitrary waveform generator for high energy applications
Authors: Humblot Raphaël , Meignien Loïc , De Sousa Joanna , Rapenaud Cyril , Baton Sophie , Druon Frédéric , Audebert Patrick
Published: May 2024

Generation of arbitrary-temporally-shaped optical pulses in an all-fiber MOPA seeder system integrating a Semiconductor Optical Amplifier is demonstrated. This system is successfully used as a seeder in a 200 J nanosecond laser chain.
Fabrication of EUV Gratings via Ion Irradiation
Authors: Kaufmann Johannes , Siefke Thomas , Ronning Carsten , Zeitner Uwe
Published: May 2024

We fabricated shallow silicon gratings for EUV applications utilizing swelling upon irradiation with helium ions through polymer masks. Understanding the effects of fluence, flux and ion energy enables height control between 1 to 20 nm.
Single-Shot, Multi-Timestep Chirped Optical Probe Method for High Temporal Resolution Reconstruction of Plasma Evolution
Authors: Grace Elizabeth , Mariscal Derek , Zeraouli Ghassan , Hill Matt , Simpson Raspberry , Trebino Rick , Ma Tammy
Published: May 2024

A continuing fundamental need in the field of High Energy Density (HED) and plasma physics is the accurate and precise spatial and temporal characterization of laser-plasmas as they evolve, which would provide valuable insight into the foundational physics that drive laser-plasma interactions (LPIs). LPIs are complex, rapidly evolving, and highly sensitive to shot-to-shot variations in laser parameters, such as laser peak intensity, pulse duration, pre-pulse, and focal spot, and/or thermal instabilities. Even under nominally identical laser conditions, small variations can drastically influence outcomes. However, in typical HED experiments currently, the very fast fs-ps timescales of the laser interaction and the high energy of the laser (up to kJ) can mean that measurements of parts of the interaction often must be taken prior to the actual experiment in a surrogate setup or surrogate shot. To accurately understand these interactions, on-shot experimental techniques must be developed and implemented [1,2]. This work discusses the simulation and development of a new single-frame technique for reconstruction of plasma electron density profiles at multiple (25+) timesteps within each shot using a single chirped probe pulse. This new method uses just two components, a diffractive optical element and an interference bandpass filter, to simultaneously take multiple time-resolved electron density measurements on a single camera frame.
Pulse compression in a multipass cell delivering 100 W, mJ-level, two-cycle pulses at 1.9 μm wavelength
Authors: Wang Ziyao , Heuermann Tobias , Zhang Yi , Gierschke Philipp , Lenski Mathias , Rothhardt Jan , Limpert Jens
Published: May 2024

We report on the nonlinear pulse compression in a gas-filled multipass cell, delivering mJ-level, two-cycle pulses at 1.9 μm wavelength with 100 W average power at 100 kHz repetition rate.
Laser Wakefield Acceleration with Optical Guiding on the High-Power Apollon Laser System
Authors: Lahaye Ronan , Oubrerie Kosta , Kolonenko Olena , Thaury Cédric
Published: May 2024

To limit diffraction in laser wakefield accelerator, a secondary laser pulse can be used to create a waveguide through optical field ionization. Here we present an optical guiding technique with density transition injection. This technique was used on the 1 PW Apollon laser system to achieve quasi-monoenergetic electron beams up to 2.15 GeV.
Revisiting longitudinal electron acceleration with extreme focusing and ionization dynamics
Authors: Powell J. , Jolly S. W. , Vallières S. , Payeur S. , Fourmaux S. , Fillion-Gourdeau F. , Lassonde P. , Ibrahim H. , MacLean S. , Légaré F.
Published: May 2024

We generate electrons exceeding 1 MeV by direct acceleration in a low-density gas using longitudinal electric fields of a focused radially-polarized laser. Results depend strongly on the atomic species, explained by simulations that hint at even higher energies.
Versatile Two-Color High Harmonic Generation Setup for XUV Yield Optimization
Authors: Raab Ann-Kathrin , Schmoll Marvin , Simpson Emma , Redon Melvin , Fang Yuman , Guo Chen , Viotti Anne-Lise , Arnold Cord L. , L’Huillier Anne , Mauritsson Johan
Published: May 2024

We present a versatile two color high-harmonic generation setup employing spatial light modulators for precise waveform control. Independent power control for both colors allows a continuous two-color ratio and phase scan of the harmonic yield.
Nonadiabatic Harmonic Generation in a Sub-mm Glass Chip
Authors: Azzolin Agata , Giovannetti Gaia , Fan Guangyu , Ahsan Md S. , Rockenstein Sabine , Cannelli Oliviero , Colaizzi Lorenzo , Månsson Erik P. , Faccialà Davide , Frassetto Fabio , Lodi Dario W. , Manzoni Cristian , Vázquez Rebeca Martínez , Devetta Michele , Osellame Roberto , Poletto Luca , Stagira Salvatore , Vozzi Caterina , Wanie Vincent , Trabattoni Andrea , Calegari Francesca
Published: May 2024

This work presents experimental results on High-order Harmonic Generation in a sub-mm glass cell using long driving pulses. The results show a remarkable extension of the cutoff explicable in the framework of the nonadiabatic regime.
Control of ion-photoelectron entanglement and coherence via Rabi oscillations
Authors: Ishikawa Kenichi L. , Prince Kevin C. , Ueda Kiyoshi
Published: May 2024

We theoretically show that photoelectron-ion entanglement created by bichromatic extreme-ultraviolet pulses can be converted into coherence through Rabi coupling between the two ionic states. Then, the photoelectron angular distribution can be coherently controlled.
Energy Scalability Limits of mid-IR Femtosecond Pulse Oscillators
Authors: Kalashnikov Vladimir L. , Rudenkov Alexander , Sorokin Evgeni , Sorokina Irina T.
Published: May 2024

Using statistical mechanics analysis we establish the two main limiting factors to the energy scaling of femtosecond pulses in a mid-IR chirped-pulsed-oscillator: system entropy increase with energy causing multiple pulsing, and a pulse phase homogeneity.
Broadly Tunable Continuous Wave Tm3+:BaF2 Laser
Authors: Veselský Karel , Loiko Pavel , Eremeev Kirill , Benayad Abdelmjid , Braud Alain , Camy Patrice , Šulc Jan , Jelínková Helena
Published: May 2024

We report on the growth, spectroscopic and laser properties of a Tm3+:BaF2 crystal. A continuous-wave Tm3+:BaF2 laser generated 173 mW at 1.89 μm with 54.8% slope efficiency and wavelength tuning across 169 nm was demonstrated.
In-Band Pumped Kerr-Lens Mode-Locked Tm,Ho-codoped Calcium Aluminate Laser
Authors: Zeng Huang-Jun , Xue Wen-Ze , Murray Robert T. , Cui Chen , Wang Li , Pan Zhongben , Loiko Pavel , Mateos Xavier , Zhang Ge , Griebner Uwe , Petrov Valentin , Chen Weidong
Published: May 2024

We report on a Kerr-lens mode-locked Tm,Ho,Lu:CaGdAlO4 laser, in-band pumped by a fiber Raman laser at 1678 nm. 79-fs pulses were generated at 2073.6 nm with an average power of 91 mW at 85.7 MHz.
Mid-infrared femtosecond pulse generation from a phase-modulated mode-locked cw optical parametric oscillator with dispersion control
Authors: Sanchez A. D. , Kumar S. Chaitanya , Ebrahim-Zadeh M.
Published: May 2024

We describe a novel configuration of bulk χ(2) cw OPO based on MgO:PPLN generating near-transform-limited mid-infrared pulses of 96-fs duration with a broadband phase-locked spectrum by deploying an intracavity phase-modulator in combination with dispersion compensation.
Perspectives and experimental challenges of high repetition rate THz generation via optical rectification in GaP crystals inside an enhancement resonator
Authors: Canella Francesco , Suerra Edoardo , Giannotti Dario , Cialdi Simone , Galzerano Gianluca
Published: May 2024

We report on GaP crystal characterization for the generation of milliwatt-level THz radiation inside an enhancement resonator pumped by near-infrared pulses, with the aim of overcoming high-average power and nonlinear absorption limits.
A High-Flux Tunable Accelerator-Based Terahertz Source
Authors: Piot Philippe
Published: May 2024

Intense THz pulses synchronized with X-rays are expected to enable a broad range of experiments at XFELs. This contribution discusses our progress in developing such a THz source driven by relativistic low-energy electron bunches.
OptiComm-GPT: a GPT-based versatile research assistant for optical fiber communication systems
Authors: Jiang Xiaotian , Zhang Min , Song Yuchen , Zhang Yao , Wang Yidi , Ju Cheng , Wang Danshi
Published: May 2024

With the increasing capacity and complexity of optical fiber communication systems, both academic and industrial requirements for the essential tasks of transmission systems simulation, digital signal processing (DSP) algorithms verification, system performance evaluation, and quality of transmission (QoT) optimization are becoming significantly important. However, due to the intricate and nonlinear nature of optical fiber communication systems, these tasks are generally implemented in a divide-and-conquer manner, which necessitates a profound level of expertise and proficiency in software programming from researchers or engineers. To lower this threshold and facilitate professional research easy-to-start, a GPT-based versatile research assistant named OptiComm-GPT is proposed for optical fiber communication systems, which flexibly and automatically performs system simulation, DSP algorithms verification, performance evaluation, and QoT optimization with only natural language. To enhance OptiComm-GPT’s abilities for complex tasks in optical fiber communications and improve the accuracy of generated results, a domain information base containing rich domain knowledge, tools, and data as well as the comprehensive prompt engineering with well-crafted prompt elements, techniques, and examples is established and performs under a LangChain-based framework. The performance of OptiComm-GPT is evaluated in multiple simulation, verification, evaluation, and optimization tasks, and the generated results show that OptiComm-GPT can effectively comprehend the user’s intent, accurately extract system parameters from the user’s request, and intelligently invoke domain resources to solve these complex tasks simultaneously. Moreover, the statistical results, typical errors, and running time of OptiComm-GPT are also investigated to illustrate its practical reliability, potential limitations, and further improvements.
Polarization beam splitter based on 2D transmissive grating
Authors: Kang Shihao , Zhou Bin , Xie Yongfang , Wang Jin , Jia Wei , Zhou Changhe
Published: May 2024

This paper introduces a two-dimensional transmissive grating polarization beam splitter (PBS) exhibiting exceptional polarization-sensitive properties with high diffraction efficiency. The optimized grating structure can concentrate the energy of TE-polarized light at the (0, ±1) orders and the energy of TM-polarized light at the (±1, 0) orders under normal incidence with a wavelength of 550nm. The polarization splitting diffraction efficiency (DE) of the grating can reach 40.17%, and the extinction ratio (ER) exceeds 18dB. This proposal marks the pioneering use of two-dimensional transmissive grating to achieve a polarization beam splitter in two perpendicular diffraction planes, presenting an innovative approach to the development of such devices. The proposed grating structure is simple, high-performing, tolerant, and applicable in a wide range of applications such as polarization imaging and high-precision two-dimensional displacement measurement.
Semi-supervised correction model for turbulence-distorted images
Authors: Wu Yubo , Cheng Kuanhong , Cao Ting , Zhao Dong , Li Junhuai
Published: May 2024

Significant progress has been made in addressing turbulence distortion in recent years, but persistent challenges remain. Firstly, existing methods heavily rely on fully supervised optimization strategies and synthetic datasets, posing difficulties in effectively utilizing unlabeled real data for training. Secondly, most approaches construct networks in a straightforward manner, overlooking the representation model of phase distortion and point spread function (PSF) in spatial and channel dimensions. This oversight restricts the potential for distortion correction. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a semi-supervised atmospheric turbulence correction method based on the mean-teacher framework. Our approach imposes constraints on the unlabeled data of student networks using pseudo-labels generated by teacher networks, thereby enhancing the generalization ability by leveraging information from unlabeled data. Furthermore, we introduce to use no-reference image quality assessment criterion to select the most reliable pseudo-label for each unlabeled sample by predicting physical parameters that indicating the level of degradation. Additionally, we propose to combine sliding window-based self-attention with channel attention to facilitate local-global context interaction. This design is inspired by the representation of phase distortion and PSF, which can be characterized by coefficients and basis functions corresponding to the channel-wise representation of convolutional neural network features. Moreover, the base functions exhibit spatial correlation, akin to Zenike and Airy disks. Experimental results show that the proposed method surpasses state-of-the-art models.
Bismuth-doped fiber amplifier based on a linear cavity double pass structure operating in the O + E band
Authors: Wang Lihong , Ning Tigang , Pei Li , Zheng Jingjing , Ye Xiao , Zhang Fuhao , Xu Wenxuan , Wang Dingchen , Hou Wenqiang , Wang Jianshuai , Li Jing
Published: May 2024

Finding suitable fiber amplifiers is one of the key strategies to increase the transmission capacity of fiber links. Recently, bismuth-doped fiber amplifiers (BDFAs) have attracted much attention due to their distinctive ultra-wideband luminescence properties. In this paper, we propose a linear cavity double pass structure for BDFA operating in the O and E bands. The design creates a linear cavity within the amplifier by combining a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and a fiber mirror to achieve dual-wavelength pump at 1240 nm and 1310 nm. Meanwhile, the configuration of a circulator and mirror facilitates bidirectional signal propagation through the BDFA, resulting in a double-pass amplification structure. We have tested and analyzed the performance of the linear cavity double pass structure BDFA under different pump schemes and compared it with the conventional structure BDFA. The results show that the gain spectrum of the new structure is shifted toward longer wavelengths, and the gain band is extended from the O band to the O and E bands compared with the conventional structure. In particular, the linear cavity double pass structure BDFA has more relaxed requirements on the stability of the pump and signal power. This work provides a positive reference for the design, application, and development of BDFAs.
All-fiber Optoelectronics
Authors: Wei Lei
Published: May 2024

The combination of insulating, semiconducting, and metallic elements in well-defined geometries with intimate interfaces is essential to achieve all-fiber optoelectronics. Here, we present the development of optoelectronic fibers, from the fundamentals to in-fiber device demonstration.
Waveband-Shift-Free Optical Phase Conjugation in Fiber Loop Mirror Across 35-nm Bandwidth
Authors: Gordienko Vladimir , Boscolo Sonia , Bastamova Mariia , Doran Nick J. , Ellis Andrew D.
Published: May 2024

We experimentally demonstrate waveband-shift-free optical phase conjugation across the full C-band by employing a nonlinear optical loop mirror to demultiplex signals and phase-conjugated copies with an extinction ratio of at least 17dB across 35nm.
Positive (>0 dB) Wavelength Conversion Efficiency in Temperature-Tuned Five-Segment Highly-Nonlinear Fiber Without Pump Dithering
Authors: Rabbani Hamed , Guo Cheng , Vasilyev Michael
Published: May 2024

By temperature tuning, we align zero-dispersion wavelengths of several fiber segments while detuning their Brillouin frequencies. Despite 2.5-fold fiber length increase, we obtain 2-dB higher Brillouin threshold, enabling >0 dB conversion efficiency without pump modulation.
Nonlinear Optics in Silicon Core Fibers: Progress and Trends
Authors: Peacock Anna C.
Published: May 2024

Recent advances in the development and application of silicon core fibers for nonlinear photonics is reviewed. Focus will be placed on novel device designs that benefit from the fiber geometry and integration with existing components.
Development of High-Power DFB Lasers with High Reliability
Authors: Mao Yuanfeng , Cheng Yuanbing , Chen Guangcan , Li Yanbo , Wu Bo
Published: May 2024

High-power DFB lasers in O, S, C and L-band have been developed. RIN below -160 dB/Hz and linewidth less than 25 kHz of the lasers are obtained. Over 5000 hours of accelerated aging test has also been performed.
Modeling and Experimental Verification in S+C+L+U Quadrable-Band WDM Transmission System using C+L-Band Transceivers and Wavelength Converters
Authors: Muranaka Hidenobu , Kato Tomoyuki , Yamauchi Tomohiro , Irie Hiroyuki , Ooi Hiroki , Tanaka Yu , Shimizu Shimpei , Kobayashi Takayuki , Kazama Takushi , Abe Masashi , Umeki Takeshi , Miyamoto Yutaka , Hoshida Takeshi
Published: May 2024

We experimentally verify wideband WDM transmission modeling in over 17-THz S+C+L+U quadrable-band transmission using PPLN-based wavelength converters. We confirmed within 3.3-dB errors between modeling after 80-km SSMF transmission of DP-16QAM and DP-QPSK signal.
264.7 Tb/s E, S, C + L-Band Transmission over 200 km
Authors: Puttnam Benjamin. J. , Luis Ruben. S. , Huang Yetian , Phillips Ian , Chung Dicky , Fontaine Nicolas K. , Boriboon Budsara , Rademacher Georg , Mazur Mikael , Dallachiesa Lauren , Chen Haoshuo , Forysiak Wladek , Man Ray , Ryf Roland , Neilson David T. , Furukawa Hideaki
Published: May 2024

We experimentally investigate an extended reach E, S, C + L-band transmission system covering 27 THz with mid-span doped fiber and distributed Raman amplification, measuring 264.7 Tb/s from GMI and 250.8 Tb/s after decoding after 200 km transmission.
Machine Learning-Based Polarization Signature Analysis for Detection and Categorization of Eavesdropping and Harmful Events
Authors: Sadighi Leyla , Karlsson Stefan , Natalino Carlos , Furdek Marija
Published: May 2024

We propose a methodology that uses polarization state changes and machine learning to detect and classify eavesdropping, harmful, and non-harmful events in the optical fiber network. Our solution achieves 92.3% accuracy over 13 experimental scenarios.
Autonomous Capacity Adjustment with Dynamic Margin Allocation for Optical Enterprise Links
Authors: Balanici Mihail , Shariati Behnam , Safari Pooyan , Bergk Geronimo , Fischer Johannes Karl
Published: May 2024

This work presents a novel machine learning-based dynamic capacity allocation scheme for efficient bandwidth provisioning of optical links. It offers an average hourly capacity saving of over 75% compared to traditional static capacity allocation mechanisms.
Demonstration of ROADM Status Visualization Based on Receiver DSP and Digital Twin Modeling
Authors: Cai Meng , Liu Xiaomin , Fu Mengfan , Zeng Xiaobo , Liu Yichen , Zhang Yihao , Yi Lilin , Hu Weisheng , Zhuge Qunbi
Published: May 2024

We propose a coherent receiver-based telemetry to visualize ROADM status. 100% accuracy of failure localization and 0.67 GHz RMSE of failure estimation are achieved in an 847-km fiber link with 6 WSS nodes.
Symmetric Bidirectional 200 Gb/s/λ PON Solution Demonstrated over Field Installed Fiber
Authors: Kovacs Istvan Bence , Faruk Md Saifuddin , Wonfor Adrian , Savory Seb J.
Published: May 2024

We demonstrate 200 Gb/s/λ bidirectional coherent PON solution with simplified ONU on field installed fiber. We achieve 30.5/37 dB power budget for the downstream transmission with single-ended/balanced photodiode and 30.1 dB for the upstream transmission.
Low-loss and broadband adiabatic polarization splitter rotator on a CMOS-integrated silicon photonics platform
Authors: Lee Won Suk , Chandran Sujith , Bian Yusheng , Chowdhury Zahidur , Aboketaf Abdelsalam , Najafi Arman , Mosleh Salman , Dezfulian Kevin , Sporer Ryan , Zhang Michelle , Song Shenghua , Wong Helen , Dasgupta Arpan , Liu Yangyang , Barwicz Tymon , Tinkler Janet , Anderson Frederick G , Lee Jae Gon , Gupta Vikas , Yu Anthony , Giewont Ken , Letavic Ted
Published: May 2024

We experimentally demonstrate an adiabatic polarization-splitter-rotator on a monolithic SiPh platform. Our measurements indicate an insertion-loss of ~-0.42dB for TM input and polarization-dependent-loss of <0.1dB across the O-band, accompanied by a polarization extinction exceeding 45dB.
Multimodal traffic monitoring using two co-routed field deployed fibers in metropolitan environments
Authors: Yan Yaxi , Chandramouli Kausthubh , Zhang Jingming , Lu Chao , Lau Alan Pak Tao
Published: May 2024

We present simultaneous monitoring of vehicle and railway traffic and coarse weight estimation by combining and analyzing spectra of vibration traces from two distributed fiber sensors on two co-routed field deployed fibers in metropolitan environments.
Inline Fiber Type Identification using In-Service Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis
Authors: Ip Ezra , Huang Yue-Kai , Borraccini Giacomo , Mano Toru , Matsumura Tatsuya , Nishizawa Hideki , D’Amico Andrea , Curri Vittorio , Kilper Daniel , Wang Zehao , Zussman Gil , Chen Tingjun , Asahi Koji
Published: May 2024

We proposed the use of BOTDA as a monitoring tool to identify fiber types present in deployed hybrid-span fiber cables, to assist in network planning, setting optimal launch powers, and selecting correct modulation formats.
Energy-efficient Cladding-pumped Amplifier for Coupled Multi-core Fiber Transmission
Authors: Sakamoto Taiji , Wada Masaki , Imada Ryota , Nakajima Kazuhide
Published: May 2024

We review energy-efficient cladding-pumped multi-core amplification technologies and experimentally demonstrate the advantages of using a coupled-12-core amplifier for improving the amplification efficiency.
Ultra-Wideband Mode Selective Couplers for Weakly-Coupled WDM-MDM Transmission
Authors: Long Chengbin , Cui Jian , Gao Yuyang , Qiao Gang , Zhu Baolong , Zhang Jiarui , Yang Yu , Shen Lei , Luo Jie , He Yongqi , Chen Zhangyuan , Li Juhao
Published: May 2024

Ultra-wideband mode selective couplers satisfying strict phase-matching conditions across S+C+L bands for mode multiplexing/demultiplexing of a 4-LP-mode FMF are designed and fabricated with side-polishing processing, based on which weakly-coupled FMF transmission is experimentally demonstrated.
Demonstration of W-band 2×2 MIMO Millimeter Delivery Employing CMA and MRC Technology with over 7dB Gain
Authors: Zhang Qiutong , Yu Jianjun , Li Weiping , Zhu Min , Zhang Jiao , Ding Junjie , Zhao Xianming , Liu Jiaxuan , Wei Yi , Wang Kaihui , Zhou Wen , Liu Bo , Zhao Feng , Yu Jianguo
Published: May 2024

We demonstrate 32 GBaud QPSK signal transmission over a 2 m wireless range at 93.5 GHz using CMA and MRC techniques with over 7 dB gain in a photon-assisted millimeter wave 2×2 MIMO communication system.
Dual band wireless transmission over 75-150GHz millimeter wave carriers using frequency-locked laser pairs
Authors: Zhou Zichuan , Kassem Amany , Seddon James , Sillekens Eric , Darwazeh Izzat , Bayvel Polina , Liu Zhixin
Published: May 2024

We generate and transmit 75-GHz-bandwidth OFDM signals over the air using three mutually frequency-locked lasers, achieving minimal frequency gap between the wireless W and D bands using optical-assisted approaches, resulting in 173.5 Gb/s detected capacity.
Mode-Selective Reconfigurable Optical Add-Drop Multiplexers Experimentally Validated with 40 Gbps NRZ/PAM4
Authors: Mojaver Kaveh (Hassan) Rahbardar , Morrison Sunami Sajjanam , Safaee S. Mohammad Reza , Liboiron-Ladouceur Odile
Published: May 2024

We experimentally demonstrate a mode-selective ROADM for two transverse-electric modes using a mode-selective phase shifter in the switch. We show 40 Gbps NRZ transmission and 20 GBaud PAM4 transmission for two simultaneously transmitted optical modes.
Intra-datacenter Optical Circuit Switch Architecture with Multi-band Transmission Technologies
Authors: Kuno Takuma , Higuchi Reiji , Satake Kazato , Yuasa Hayato , Mori Yojiro , Hasegawa Hiroshi
Published: May 2024

This paper proposes an optical circuit switch architecture using multi-band transmission. We experimentally confirmed the performance of 1,280×1,280 switch with 32-Gbaud dual-polarization QPSK signals aligned on 33-GHz grid in the C- and L- bands.
240GBd-16QAM Single-Carrier Coherent Transmission over 120km SSMF for a Bandwidth Limited System with 1sps Speed and Simple DSP
Authors: Huang Guoxiu , Nakamura Yo , Nakashima Hisao , Hoshida Takeshi
Published: May 2024

The transmission over 120km SSMF of 240GBd-16QAM coherent system with optical bandwidth of 148GHz was experimentally demonstrated. The novel transceiver DSP was simply implemented at 1sample/symbol speed for low power consumption with high transmitter output.
A Machine Learning-Assisted Quantum and Classical Co-existence System
Authors: Yang R. , Wang R. , Seferidis A. , Omigbodun T. , Bahrani S. , Oliveira R. D. , Nejabati R. , Simeonidou D.
Published: May 2024

A machine learning framework is presented for the coexistence of C-band quantum and classical channels over the same fibre with various fibre lengths, co-existence powers, channel allocations, and identifying the region where co-existence is viable.
Relayed-QKD and switched-QKD networks performance comparison considering physical layer QKD limitations
Authors: Makris N. , Papageorgopoulos A. , Konteli P. , Tsoni I. , Tsimvrakidis K. , Papastamatiou I. , Christodoulopoulos K. , Kanellos G. T. , Syvridis D.
Published: May 2024

We experimentally evaluate the SKR generation for unoptimized QKD pairs in switched QKD and compare the performance of the switched-QKD with relayed-QKD networks to reveal they perform better for short distances and at large networks.
Pressure Wave Detection and Localization in Deployed Underground Fiber using Coherent Correlation OTDR
Authors: Azendorf Florian , Sandmann André , Eiselt Michael
Published: May 2024

A deployed fiber with in-house and underground sections is interrogated with a coherent correlation OTDR. The origin and propagation speed of a hammer-generated pressure wave in the underground section is detected and acoustic signals are monitored.
Distributed strain sensing by optical frequency domain reflectometry with longest common substring algorithm
Authors: Zheng Xiang , Xie Weilin , Yang Qiang , Yang Jiang , Wang Congfan , Wei Wei , Dong Yi
Published: May 2024

We report a spectrum shift extraction method in optical frequency domain reflectometry based on longest common substring algorithm, allowing for an improvement in the accuracy and the range over 56% of the effective sweep range.
Low Threshold and 10kHz-Class Narrow Linewidth 1.55 μm-Band Quantum Dot Laser Diode on InP(311)B Substrate
Authors: Matsumoto A. , Yabuki R. , Nakajima S. , Umezawa T. , Heinsalu S. , Matsushima Y. , Akahane K. , Yamamoto N. , Utaka K.
Published: May 2024

We demonstrated low threshold current of 8.8 mA and 15.0 mA in pulsed and CW operation, and the extremely narrow linewidth of 12.2 kHz at room temperature in a fabricated 1.55 μm-band QD-DFB-LD.
Wavelength-versatile quantum key distribution for reconfigurable classical-quantum networks
Authors: Woodward Robert I. , Griffiths Benjamin , Lo Yuen San , Dynes James F. , Shields Andrew J.
Published: May 2024

We report a high-speed GHz-clocked quantum key distribution (QKD) system, tunable over 65 nm using a novel injection-locked laser design. This paves the way to automatic optimsation of quantum channels in hybrid classical-quantum networks.
Optical Line Physical Parameters Calibration in Presence of EDFA Total Power Monitors
Authors: Borraccini Giacomo , Huang Yue-Kai , D’Amico Andrea , de Lima Thomas Ferreira , Ip Ezra , Curri Vittorio , Wang Ting , Asahi Koji
Published: May 2024

A method is proposed in order to improve QoT-E by calibrating the physical model parameters of an optical link post-installation, using only total power monitors integrated into the EDFAs and an OSA at the receiver.
10.9 km Hollow Core Double Nested Antiresonant Nodeless Fiber (DNANF) with 0.33dB/km loss at 850nm
Authors: Adamu Abubakar I. , Hassan Muhammad. R. A. , Chen Yong , Fokoua Eric Numkam , Alonso Marcelo , Sakr Hesham , Richardson David J. , Poletti Francesco , Petrovich Marco N.
Published: May 2024

We report a double-nested antiresonant hollow core fiber designed for ~850nm operation. The measured fiber loss is 0.33dB/km at 850nm across a single span of 10.9km.