bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring transcriptomic databases: unraveling circadian gene disruptions in lower grade glioma
Authors: Hou Weiyu , Hou Weiming , Zhao Xueming
Published: July 2024

The study explored the role of circadian rhythm genes (CRGs) in lower grade glioma (LGG) development and found that certain genes, such as CRY1, NPAS2, and RORB, were associated with increased or decreased risk of LGG. The study also investigated the correlation between CRGs and immune cell infiltration, revealing a negative association with macrophage infiltration and a positive correlation with B cell and CD8 + T cell infiltration. Additionally, the study identified major mutated CRGs, including PER2, BMAL1, CLOCK, and BMAL2, and their potential interaction with other CNS-associated genes. The study suggests that CRGs play a crucial role in immune response and tumorigenesis in LGG patients and warrants further investigation.
Analysis of Rutherford backscattering spectra with CNN-GRU mixture density network
Authors: Muzakka Khoirul Faiq , Möller Sören , Kesselheim Stefan , Ebert Jan , Bazarova Alina , Hoffmann Helene , Starke Sebastian , Finsterbusch Martin
Published: July 2024

Ion Beam Analysis (IBA) utilizing MeV ion beams provides valuable insights into surface elemental composition across the entire periodic table. While ion beam measurements have advanced towards high throughput for mapping applications, data analysis has lagged behind due to the challenges posed by large volumes of data and multiple detectors providing diverse analytical information. Traditional physics-based fitting algorithms for these spectra can be time-consuming and prone to local minima traps, often taking days or weeks to complete. This study presents an approach employing a Mixture Density Network (MDN) to model the posterior distribution of Elemental Depth Profiles (EDP) from input spectra. Our MDN architecture includes an encoder module (EM), leveraging a Convolutional Neural Network-Gated Recurrent Unit (CNN-GRU), and a Mixture Density Head (MDH) employing a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP). Validation across three datasets with varying complexities demonstrates that for simple and intermediate cases, the MDN performs comparably to the conventional automatic fitting method (Autofit). However, for more complex datasets, Autofit still outperforms the MDN. Additionally, our integrated approach, combining MDN with the automatic fit method, significantly enhances accuracy while still reducing computational time, offering a promising avenue for improved analysis in IBA.
Racial/ethnic disparities in the distribution of heatwave frequency and expected economic losses in the US
Authors: Chakraborty Jayajit
Published: July 2024

Previous research on social disparities in heat exposure has not examined heatwave frequency or economic damage at the local or neighborhood level. Additionally, most US studies have focused on specific cities or regions, and few national-scale studies encompassing both urban and rural areas have been conducted. These gaps are addressed here by analyzing racial/ethnic disparities in the distribution of annual heatwave frequency and expected economic losses from heatwave occurrence in the contiguous US. Census tract-level data on annualized heatwave frequency and expected loss from the FEMA’s National Risk Index are linked to relevant variables from the American Community Survey. Results indicate that all racial/ethnic minority groups except non-Hispanic Black are significantly overrepresented in neighborhoods with greater annual heatwave frequency (top 10% nationally), and all minority groups are overrepresented in neighborhoods with greater total expected annual loss from heatwaves, compared to non-Hispanic Whites. Multivariable models that control for spatial clustering, climate zone, and relevant socio-demographic factors reveal similar racial/ethnic disparities, and suggest significantly greater heatwave frequency and economic losses in neighborhoods with higher percentages of Hispanics and American Indians. These findings represent an important starting point for more detailed investigations on the adverse impacts of heatwaves for US minority populations and formulating appropriate policy interventions.
Note-taking fosters distance video learning: smartphones as risk and intellectual values as protective factors
Authors: Hefter Markus H.
Published: July 2024

Distance video learning, especially with how-to videos, has become extremely popular. Whereas previous studies revealed note-taking as a prominent and promising support measure for video learning in the lab, we focus on note-taking while learning from a how-to video in a distance learning setting. Meanwhile, learners’ digital distraction and smartphone usage have become widespread and excessive, potentially harming learning. We thus also aimed to analyze potential risk and protective factors associated with learning with how-to videos, such as smartphone usage time and intellectual values. We conducted an online field experiment involving 59 psychology students, who learned with a short how-to video on plumbing. We found that note-takers outperformed non-note-takers in a posttest about the video content. Furthermore, this note-taking effect on learning outcomes was mediated by learning engagement. Besides note-taking and intellectual values as contributing positively to learning outcomes, we also identified the mean daily smartphone usage time as a risk factor to learning. Overall, our results show how beneficial it is for students to take notes while learning with how-to videos in a distance learning setting. Conversely, learners should avoid digital distractions, in particular through smartphones.
Biomarker-guided acute kidney injury risk assessment under liberal versus restrictive fluid therapy - the prospective-randomized MAYDAY-trial
Authors: Anker Alexandra M. , Ruewe Marc , Prantl Lukas , Baringer Magnus , Pawlik Michael T. , Zeman Florian , Goecze Ivan , Klein Silvan M.
Published: July 2024

Acute kidney injury (AKI) prevalence in surgical patients is high, emphasizing the need for preventative measures. This study addresses the insufficient evidence on nephroprotective intraoperative fluid resuscitation and highlights the drawbacks of relying solely on serum creatinine/urine output to monitor kidney function. This study assessed the impact of intraoperative fluid management on AKI in female breast cancer patients undergoing autologous breast reconstruction, utilizing novel urinary biomarkers (TIMP-2 and IGFBP-7). In a monocentric prospective randomized controlled trial involving 40 patients, liberal (LFA) and restrictive (FRV) fluid management strategies were compared. TIMP-2 and IGFBP-7 biomarker levels were assessed using the NephroCheck (bioMerieux, France) test kit at preoperative, immediate postoperative, and 24-h postoperative stages. FRV showed significantly higher immediate postoperative biomarker levels, indicating renal tubular stress. FRV patients had 21% (4/19) experiencing AKI compared to 13% (2/15) in the LFA group according to KDIGO criteria (p = 0.385). Restrictive fluid resuscitation increases the risk of AKI in surgical patients significantly, emphasizing the necessity for individualized hemodynamic management. The findings underscore the importance of urinary biomarkers in early AKI detection.
BCL-2 and BOK regulate apoptosis by interaction of their C-terminal transmembrane domains
Authors: Beigl Tobias B , Paul Alexander , Fellmeth Thomas P , Nguyen Dang , Barber Lynn , Weller Sandra , Schäfer Benjamin , Gillissen Bernhard F , Aulitzky Walter E , Kopp Hans-Georg , Rehm Markus , Andrews David W , Pluhackova Kristyna , Essmann Frank
Published: July 2024

The Bcl-2 family controls apoptosis by direct interactions of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins. The principle mechanism is binding of the BH3 domain of pro-apoptotic proteins to the hydrophobic groove of anti-apoptotic siblings, which is therapeutically exploited by approved BH3-mimetic anti-cancer drugs. Evidence suggests that also the transmembrane domain (TMD) of Bcl-2 proteins can mediate Bcl-2 interactions. We developed a highly-specific split luciferase assay enabling the analysis of TMD interactions of pore-forming apoptosis effectors BAX, BAK, and BOK with anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins in living cells. We confirm homotypic interaction of the BAX-TMD, but also newly identify interaction of the TMD of anti-apoptotic BCL-2 with the TMD of BOK, a peculiar pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein. BOK-TMD and BCL-2-TMD interact at the endoplasmic reticulum. Molecular dynamics simulations confirm dynamic BOK-TMD and BCL-2-TMD dimers and stable heterotetramers. Mutation of BCL-2-TMD at predicted key residues abolishes interaction with BOK-TMD. Also, inhibition of BOK-induced apoptosis by BCL-2 depends specifically on their TMDs. Thus, TMDs of Bcl-2 proteins are a relevant interaction interface for apoptosis regulation and provide a novel potential drug target.
Phage display identifies Affimer proteins that direct calcium carbonate polymorph formation
Authors: Sandei Ilaria , Gaule Thembaninkosi , Batchelor Matthew , Paci Emanuele , Kim Yi-Yeoun , Kulak Alexander N. , Tomlinson Darren C. , Meldrum Fiona C.
Published: July 2024

A phage display approach is used to identify proteins – rather than the short peptides typically identified using this method – that can direct calcium carbonate formation, and demonstrates the importance of conformation in polymorph control.
Study of promoted Cu/ZnO and Cu/ZrO2 catalysts for dimethyl adipate hydrogenolysis
Authors: Aubrecht Jaroslav , Pospelova Violetta , Saha Sharmistha , Lhotka Miloslav , Paterová Iva , Kubička David
Published: July 2024

Two supports (ZnO, ZrO2) and four promoters (Al2O3, ZnO, CoOx, NiO) were investigated to design environmentally-friendly Cu-based hydrogenolysis catalysts.
Structural dynamics of PtSn/SiO2 for propane dehydrogenation
Authors: Yu Kewei , Scarpelli Matthew , Sourav Sagar , Worrad Alfred , Boscoboinik J. Anibal , Ma Lu , Ehrlich Steven N. , Marinkovic Nebojsa , Zheng Weiqing , Vlachos Dionisios G.
Published: July 2024

Operando characterization reveals the structural dynamics of PtSn/SiO2 catalysts, hinting at a Pt-rich surface configuration for optimal propane dehydrogenation performance.
Enhancing the catalytic properties of silicalite-1 through ammonium fluoride modification for waste glycerol acetalization
Authors: Kowalska-Kuś Jolanta , Janiszewska Ewa , Góra-Marek Kinga , Jankowska Aldona , Held Agnieszka
Published: July 2024

Modified silicalite-1 with MFI structure, containing acid centers, as an active catalyst in solketal formation.
Theoretical exploration of single-molecule magnetic and single-molecule toroic behaviors in peroxide-bridged double-triangular {MII3LnIII3} (M = Ni, Cu and Zn; Ln = Gd, Tb and Dy) complexes
Authors: Gharu Amit , Vignesh Kuduva R.
Published: July 2024

The theoretical research presented in this paper has revealed some significant elements of the magnetic characteristics of {M3Ln3} complexes, such as how various bridging ligands such as peroxide and hydroxide ions affect the SMM and SMT properties.
Alleviating effects of microplastics together with tetracycline hydrochloride on the physiological stress of Closterium sp.
Authors: Kong Yun , Zhou Qingyun , Wang Renjuan , Chen Qi , Xu Xiangyang , Zhu Liang , Wang Yue
Published: July 2024

Tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) has significant inhibition effect on microalgae Closterium sp., while the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) can alleviate the ecotoxicity owing to the antagonism between microplastics and TCH.
Biogenic derived nanoparticles modulate mitochondrial function in cardiomyocytes
Authors: Zheng Xiaolan , Wang Tianyou , Gong Jixing , Yang Peng , Zhang Yulin , Zhang Yue , Cao Nan , Zhou Kaiyu , Li Yiwen , Hua Yimin , Zhang Donghui , Gu Zhipeng , Li Yifei
Published: July 2024

PPP NPs revealed multiple functions with identified molecular mechanisms including ROS clearance and m6A modification regulation in alleviating damages and presenting therapeutic roles in mitochondrial and sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy.
Formation of EGFRwt/EGFRvIII homo- and hetero-dimers in glioblastoma cells as detected by single molecule localization microscopy
Authors: Jahnke Kevin , Struve Nina , Hofmann Daniel , Gote Martin Julius , Bach Margund , Kriegs Malte , Hausmann Michael
Published: July 2024

Results for EGFRvIII and EGFRwt localization and dimerization in glioblastoma multiforme cells are shown. The study used single molecule localization microscopy and data processing by Ripley statistics, persistent homology and similarity algorithms.
Exploring nanodiamonds: leveraging their dual capacities for anticancer photothermal therapy and temperature sensing
Authors: Hsiao Wesley Wei-Wen , Lam Xuan Mai , Le Trong-Nghia , Cheng Chi-An , Chang Huan-Cheng
Published: July 2024

Nanodiamond's dual functionality in photothermal therapy combines cancer treatment with precise temperature sensing advantages.
Co-immobilization of a bi-enzymatic cascade into hierarchically porous MIL-53 for efficient 6′-sialyllactose production
Authors: Peng Xinlv , Pei Caixia , Qian Eika W. , Du Yuguang , Li Jian-Jun
Published: July 2024

CMP–sialic acid synthase and α-2,6-sialyltransferase were co-immobilized into HP-MIL-53. The co-immobilized enzymes exhibited high initial catalytic efficiency, reusability and thermal, pH and storage stability.
Crystallization-induced diastereomer transformation assists the diastereoselective synthesis of 4-nitroisoxazolidine scaffolds
Authors: Esteban Alberto , Ortega Pablo , Sanz Francisca , Jambrina Pablo G. , Díez David
Published: July 2024

The synthesis of chiral 4-nitroisoxazolidine scaffolds by cycloaddition of a nitrone to E–Z nitrostyrenes and stereochemistry tuned by CIDT or by raising the temperature is described. Mechanisms were established on electronic structure calculations.
Chemical doping-assisted shape transformation of block copolymer particles
Authors: Tan Zhengping , Park Jinseok , Han Sang Hoon , Phan Tan Ngoc-Lan , Ahn Younghyeon , Xu Meng , Kim Shin-Hyun , Shin Jaeman J. , Kim Bumjoon J.
Published: July 2024

Iodine-mediated chemical modification approach was developed for the facile shape transformation of block copolymer colloidal particles.
On the role of disjoining pressure in nanofluid-assisted enhanced oil recovery: a mini-review
Authors: Peng Baoliang , Gao Han , Liu Qiying , Yi Ping , Li Yingying , Liu Weidong , Xu Ye
Published: July 2024

Disjoining pressure, especially arising from organized arrangement of nanoparticles is a component for understanding enhanced oil recovery using nanofluids.
Synthesis of star-shaped poly(lactide)s, poly(valerolactone)s and poly(caprolactone)s via ROP catalyzed by N-donor tin(ii) cations and comparison of their wetting properties with linear analogues
Authors: Novák Miroslav , Milasheuskaya Yaraslava , Srb Michael , Podzimek Štěpán , Bouška Marek , Jambor Roman
Published: July 2024

This work deals with the comparison of the hydrophobic properties of linear and star-shaped biodegradable polyesters prepared using N-coordinated tin(ii) cations operating via activated monomer mechanism.
Enhancing bioactivity and mechanical performances of hydroxyapatite–calcium sulfate bone cements for bone repair: in vivo histological evaluation in rabbit femurs
Authors: Jaita Pharatree , Chokethawai Komsanti , Randorn Chamnan , Boonsri Kittikorn , Pringproa Kidsadagon , Thongkorn Kriangkrai , Watcharapasorn Anucha , Jarupoom Parkpoom
Published: July 2024

This study deals with synthesizing hydroxyapatite–calcium sulfate bone cements or HAP–xCaS for bone repair.
Development of an eco-friendly capillary electrophoresis method for the simultaneous determination of piperacillin, tazobactam and ibuprofen in plasma samples: application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats
Authors: Othman Weam M. , Al-Zoman Nourah Z. , Darwish Ibrahim A. , Almomen Aliyah , Saad Samah S. , Abdallah Fatma F. , Farid Nehal F.
Published: July 2024

Piperacillin (PIP) and tazobactam (TAZ) are broad-spectrum beta-lactam antimicrobial agents, which are frequently co-prescribed in intensive care units (ICUs) worldwide.
Correction: Coating effect of renatured triple-helix lentinan on the morphology and antimicrobial activity of ZnO synthesized by hydrothermal method
Authors: Jia Xuewei , Wu Yihong , Liu Zhiyang , Dai Yuxiang , Li Tianxiao , Gao Mingqi , Xu Chunping
Published: July 2024

Correction for ‘Coating effect of renatured triple-helix lentinan on the morphology and antimicrobial activity of ZnO synthesized by hydrothermal method’ by Xuewei Jia et al., RSC Adv., 2024, 14, 17814–17823, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA01590H.
A high-output tubular triboelectric nanogenerator for wave energy collection and its application in self-powered anti-corrosion applications
Authors: Li Wentao , Liu Yupeng , Sun Weixiang , Wang Hanchao , Wang Wenqi , Meng Jie , Wu Xiaoqing , Hu Chuanpeng , Wang Daoai , Liu Ying
Published: July 2024

A wave-driven closed polytetrafluoroethylene tube TENG (PT-TENG) with enhanced output is proposed, utilizing interface charge transfer principles, which can generate stable high output current and be used to design a new cathodic protection system.
Electrochemical reactivity and passivation of organic electrolytes at spinel MgCrMnO4 cathode interfaces for rechargeable high voltage magnesium-ion batteries
Authors: Yang Zhenzhen , Cai Jiyu , Wang Evelyna , Sultanov Maksim , Gao Lihong , Wu Xianyang , Liao Chen , Chen Zonghai , Wen Jianguo , Trahey Lynn , Ingram Brian J.
Published: July 2024

Contact ion pairs determine oxidative stability and interface layer formation.
Biomaterials for non-invasive trans-tympanic drug delivery: requirements, recent advances and perspectives
Authors: Xu Yang , Bei Zhongwu , Li Mei , Qiu Ke , Ren Jianjun , Chu Bingyang , Zhao Yu , Qian Zhiyong
Published: July 2024

The practice of non-invasive trans-tympanic delivery faces multi-dimensional challenges. Suitable formulation for administration, permeability of the tympanic membrane, pharmacokinetics in middle and inner ear should be considered in design.
Sculpturing the future of water-soluble cyclodextrin branched polymers in pharmaceutical applications
Authors: Agnes Marco , Mazza Arianna , Malanga Milo , Manet Ilse
Published: July 2024

Versatile water-soluble cyclodextrin polymers can be easily prepared from naturally occurring monomers upon polycondensation in the presence of crosslinking agents. We consider their potential use in combination therapies and the hurdles faced.
Cu/Ni Keggin-based viologen complexes with water-assisted 1D proton channels for asymmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Cui Hongtao , Liu Tao , Yang Mengle , Tian Aixiang , Ying Jun , Wang Xiuli
Published: July 2024

Cu/Ni Keggin viologen complexes with one-dimensional proton channels are synthesized and directly used as excellent materials for supercapacitors. The 1//AC ASC exhibits an energy density of 9.39 W h kg−1 at a power density of 6000 W kg−1.
Enhanced electrochromic properties and amphoteric coloration of V-doped WO3 supported by electronic structure optimization and oxygen vacancy-mediated Li+ capture structures
Authors: Nie Shanshan , Ruan Mengnan , Lian Yi , Zhao Lei , Shi Jicun , Liu Zhifeng
Published: July 2024

Tungsten oxide (WO3) is highly valued in electrochromic for energy efficiency and environmental adaptability. However, its poor coloring efficiency and short cycle life limit its commercial application.
Fish scales inspired phase change composites with hierarchical porosity and enhanced thermal conductivity for passive thermal management
Authors: Wang Yanqing , Liang Weidong , Sun Hanxue , Li Jiyan , Zhu Zhaoqi , Li An
Published: July 2024

The prepared ODA/LBG–EG composites were inspired by fish scales, have good anti-leakage property, thermal-stability and thermal conductivity, and have great performance in thermal management.
Resistive switching memory from dielectric lignin for sustainable electronics
Authors: De Stefano Sebastiano , Durante Ofelia , D’Orsi Rosarita , Operamolla Alessandra , Ambrico Marianna , Ambrico Paolo Francesco , Martucciello Nadia , Giubileo Filippo , Di Bartolomeo Antonio
Published: July 2024

Organic materials are currently at the forefront of research within the field of nanoelectronics, aiming to offer a sustainable alternative to existing technologies across a variety of applications, including memory storage.
Structural, dielectric, and conduction behaviour of A-site deficient SrxNa1−2xNbO3 ceramics
Authors: Hooper Thomas E. , Sinclair Derek C.
Published: July 2024

The structural and electrical properties of A-site deficient SrxNa1−2xNbO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.25) ceramics have been studied by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, dielectric spectroscopy, impedance spectroscopy and polarisation against electric field.
Low-cost growth of high-quality monoisotopic hexagonal boron nitride single crystals using a boric acid precursor
Authors: Tian Ming , Ding Cui , Shi Hui , Shu Jun-peng , Chen Ruo-wang , Akash Md Al Shahriar , Hu Zhen-ning , Afzal Nadia , Lin Tao , Wan Neng
Published: July 2024

This work demonstrates the successful synthesis of high-quality monoisotopic hBN single crystals (hNatBN, h10BN and h11BN) with good uniformity using a low-cost isotope-enriched boric acid precursor.
Derating factor determination of the three‐phase induction motor under unbalanced voltage using pumping system
Authors: Majeed Samar Hameed , Seifossadat Seyed Ghodratolah , Saniei Mohsen , Moosapour Seyyed Sajjad
Published: July 2024

A novel method is presented for determining the derating factors of a three‐phase induction motor under the condition of the unbalanced supply voltages. In this method, a mechanical system is used which consist of the a centrifugal pump, two valves, a DC motor, which are connected to the shaft of the three‐phase induction motor. A sliding mode control system is used for position control of the DC motor for adjusting the valve angle for derating the induction motor. The authors present the results of an experiment in which a three‐phase induction motor was subjected to various unbalanced voltage conditions. The results of simulations were used to look into what happened when there were different levels of imbalanced voltage. This was done to determine how these situations changed an induction motor's speed, torque, and efficiency. For this system, the stator current would be greater than the rated current if there was an imbalance in the supply voltage. Therefore, to reduce the amount of power that the three‐phase induction motor can produce, the control system uses a DC motor to reduce the angle of one of the two valves. This decreasing angle continues until the root mean square value of the stator current returns to the rated current. At this point, the derating factor may be calculated by dividing the output power of the three‐phase induction motor in the unbalanced condition by the output power when there are ideal sinusoidal. The MATLAB SIMULINK environment is utilised to perform simulations of the proposed system.
Frequency control using fuzzy active disturbance rejection control and machine learning in a two‐area microgrid under cyberattacks
Authors: Rahnamayian Jelodar Soheil , Heidary Jalal , Rahmani Reza , Vahidi Behrooz , Askarian‐Abyaneh Hossein
Published: July 2024

There is a change in the traditional power system structure as a result of the increased incorporation of microgrids (MGs) into the grid. Multi‐area MGs will emerge as a result, and issues related to them will need to be addressed. Load frequency control (LFC) is a challenge in such structures, which are more complicated due to variations in demand and the stochastic characteristics of renewable energy sources. This paper presents a cascade fuzzy active disturbance rejection control technique to deal with the LFC problem. In order to tune different parameters of controllers, a newly developed heuristic algorithm called the Gazelle optimization algorithm (GOA) is also employed. Moreover, due to the fact that multi‐area MGs are regarded as cyber‐physical systems (CPSs), a relatively new concern for LFC problems is their resilience to cyberattacks such as false data injection (FDI) and denial of service (DoS) attacks. Therefore, this research also presents a novel machine learning approach called parallel attack resilience detection system (PARDS) to deal with the LFC problem in the presence of cyberattacks. The efficiency of the proposed strategy is investigated under different scenarios, such as non‐linearities in the power system or server cyberattacks.
An optimizated additional damping control for suppressing ultra‐low frequency oscillation suppression based on SVC
Authors: Shi Huabo , Fan Chengwei , Zeng Xueyang , Chen Gang , Chen Baorui , Chen Zhen
Published: July 2024

The ultra‐low frequency oscillation (ULFO) imposes an emerging stability challenge to the high proportion of hydropower grids. To suppress ULFO without reducing the primary frequency regulation of the hydro governor, a novel idea to exploit the voltage regulation effect of load is implemented. First, the additional damping controller is designed and configured in static var compensator (SVC), and the frequency analysis model considering the configuration of SVC as well as damping controller is established. Based on the model, the specific influence of SVC and controller on ULFO is analysed through eigenvalue calculation. In addition, the influence of various load models and SVC location on the damping level are further studied. Consequently, a parameter optimization design method for SVC additional damping control is proposed, it is modelled as the optimization problem of damping ratio in ULFO mode under multi‐operation conditions, which is solved by a particle swarm optimization algorithm. Finally, the effectiveness of the designed SVC additional damping controller is verified in the improved four‐machine two‐area power system and the actual power grid in China.
Grey wolf‐based heuristic methods for accurate parameter extraction to optimize the performance of PV modules
Authors: Celtek Seyit Alperen , Kul Seda , Singla Manish Kumar , Gupta Jyoti , Safaraliev Murodbek , Zeinoddini‐Meymand Hamed
Published: July 2024

Parameter prediction for PV solar cells plays a crucial role in controlling and optimizing the performance of PV modules. In this study, the parameter prediction of a four‐diode PV model was carried out using the Improved Grey Wolf Optimization (IGWO) algorithm, which builds upon the Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm. The parameters required for the four‐diode PV model were optimized based on a predefined objective function. Subsequently, the obtained data were compared with the data from RTCFrance Solar Cell to validate the accuracy and reliability of the optimization results. The evaluation of the optimization results revealed that the Sum Square Error (SSE) values for PSOGWO, AGWOCS, GWOCS, and GWO were 3.96E‐05, while the MSE value for IGWO was 3.6309E‐05. These findings clearly demonstrate that the proposed IGWO algorithm outperforms the other algorithms used in the study, based on the minimized SSE values. This study emphasizes the importance of parameter prediction in optimizing PV performance, and it contributes to thefield by introducing the novel IGWO algorithm for the four‐diode PV model. The algorithm's superior performance, as demonstrated through extensive testing and comparison with existing algorithms, validates its efficacy in accurately predicting the parameters for the PV solar cell model.
Preparation Method of Nano-Metal Materials and its Application in Catalysis Field
Authors: Zhou Huaiyu
Published: July 2024

The physical and chemical properties of nanometal materials, along with their expansive market potential, have garnered widespread attention, especially in the field of catalysis, where they exhibit remarkable performance. With the in-depth study of the catalytic properties of nanometal materials, this paper aims to systematically explore their characteristics, preparation methods, and applications in various catalytic fields, providing a scientific basis for catalyst design and development, and contributing to environmental issues and enhancement of synthesis efficiency. Utilizing methods such as electrochemical deposition and physical vapor deposition, nanometal materials with catalytic properties have been obtained. Nanometal materials with different physical properties can be applied in various fields such as bioimaging, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and organic synthesis, revealing that nanometal materials possess abundant binding sites, excellent electron transfer properties, and corrosion resistance. Through this research, not only a scientific basis for catalyst design and development is provided, but also outstanding contributions are expected to be made to environmental issues and enhancement of synthesis efficiency. At the same time, by applying them in fields such as bioimaging, positive impacts are brought to the development of science and medicine.
Advances in metal-organic frameworks for efficient hydrogen storage
Authors: Ye Xiang
Published: July 2024

This article addresses environmental and energy issues by proposing the use of hydrogen as an alternative energy source. However, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were chosen as a medium for hydrogen storage and transport because of their large capacity, favourable reversibility, suitable reaction conditions, and relatively low density. The study also introduces the hydrogen storage mechanism of MOFs, and factors affecting their hydrogen storage capacity, and discusses some ways to improve the storage. also introduces the hydrogen storage mechanism of MOFs, factors affecting its hydrogen storage capacity, and discusses some ways to improve the storage The study also introduces the hydrogen storage mechanism of MOFs, factors affecting its hydrogen storage capacity, and discusses some ways to improve the storage features of MOFs. Furthermore, a few of the newest technologies that aid in the creation of MOFs are discussed. This makes it possible to find potential MOFs fast, which·h saves money and effort.1 Introduction.
Application of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Remote Sensing for Agricultural Monitoring
Authors: Han Yuyao
Published: July 2024

Precision agriculture and Smart farming have become the essential backbone for sustainable agricultural production by leveraging cutting-edge remote sensing and communication technologies. With the remarkable development in recent decades, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) based sensing technologies have gained rapid proliferation and exploitation in precision agriculture. The unprecedented availability of high resolution (spatial, spectral and temporal) satellite images has promoted the use of remote sensing in many PA applications, including crop monitoring, irrigation management, nutrient application, disease and pest management, and yield prediction. Using thermal infrared or hyperspectral cameras, UAV remote sensing takes extensive pictures of farmland. It also collects the reflection bands of various crops, monitors and analyzes crop growth trends, locates disease and insect pests, and determines the moisture content of the soil based on variations in the bands. This paper will discuss the basic principles of UAV remote sensing technology for monitoring crop growth, disease, and insect pests, the application of soil vegetation index monitoring, and the development prospects of UAV remote sensing in agricultural monitoring.
Assessing the Ecological Environment Quality of Yellow River Delta according to the Remote Sensing Ecological Index
Authors: Kong Dexin
Published: July 2024

This study focuses on the ecological and environmental quality of the Yellow River Delta. Utilizing remote sensing data from 2013 to 2021, we employed the Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) derived from Landsat 8 OLI_TIRS graphics to gauge the ecological health of the region. The study reveals significant spatial heterogeneity in the ecological environment quality, with the coastal areas exhibiting the most degraded conditions. Temporal analysis indicates a fluctuating trend, underscoring the region’s ecological vulnerability and the imperative for strategic interventions to balance ecological preservation with economic progress. The findings provide crucial insights for policymakers to devise sustainable development strategies that address the delicate equilibrium between environmental stewardship and economic growth in the Yellow River Delta. This study’s comprehensive approach, integrating multiple ecological indices and principal component analysis, enhances the understanding of the dynamic interplay between human activities and natural processes, offering a robust framework for future ecological assessments and environmental management in the region.
Application of Synthetic Microbiome to Bioaugmentation of Pesticide Pollution
Authors: Li Chenxiao
Published: July 2024

The issue of soil contamination from chemical pesticides is a pressing concern in today’s world. The excessive use of these chemicals can lead to their accumulation in soil over time, posing risks to both the environment and human health. And synthetic biology is known as the third biotechnology revolution. So from the perspective of bioaugmentation, this paper elaborated on the use of synthetic microbiome bioaugmentation of organic pesticides to provide an environmentally friendly and effective new solution for pesticide pollution. This paper first reviews the development of synthetic microbiome on the basis of synthetic biology, and then lists the current applications of synthetic microbiome in various fields. By comparing with the characteristics of physical degradation and chemical degradation, the advantages of choosing biodegradable organic pesticides were analyzed, and the examples of synthetic microbiome on bioaugmentation herbicide pollution and insecticide pollution were introduced. Through comprehensive and objective analysis, the problems that need to be solved in the field of bioaugmentation and the future optimization direction of synthetic microbiome are shown in the end.
Remote sensing and geographical information system as an integrated method of ecological analysis
Authors: Qin Ruohan
Published: July 2024

Remote sensing (RS) and geographical information systems (Geographical Information System) are among the major ecological spatial analysis tools, which has boosted the efficiency of relevant research. Thus, it is of great significance to reflect on this method. This paper aims to analyze the application of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System in ecological assessment, which contributes to the practice of sustainable development. The paper reviews relevant studies and further reflects on the existing literature, with several recommendations. The paper shows that the combined use of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System constitutes the dominant approach in small-scale studies with a very consistent research methodology. The paper analyses how these relatively fixed research materials and frameworks make the research efficient and widely applicable. This paper summarises the basic model of integrated application of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System and points out some future development directions and research directions, including a few on land degradation neutralization and urbanization, as well as several views on the use of methods.
The Concomitant Use of Azithromycin in Clinical Disease Management
Authors: He Xinhang
Published: July 2024

Azithromycin, an extensively used second-generation macrolide antibiotic, has been prevalent in the management of a wide range of bacterial infections. However, due to extensive misuse, azithromycin resistance has emerged in various bacterial strains, including Staphylococcus aureus and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. This review summarizes the mechanisms of azithromycin resistance, including 23S rRNA mutations, ribosomal protein alterations, efflux pump overexpression, and chromosomal mutations. To combat azithromycin resistance, the paper discusses strategies such as rational use of azithromycin, enhanced surveillance, and development of new drugs. The paper also highlights the potential of combination therapy with other antibiotics to improve the efficacy of azithromycin treatment against resistant bacteria.
Study on the application of colloidal gold and other immunological tools in the detection of common viruses
Authors: Jin Tianyu
Published: July 2024

To briefly describe the current status of research on colloidal gold and other immunoassay techniques in the detection of common viruses. To understand the principles of colloidal gold technology and other common immunoassay techniques, and the existing clinical applications of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology and chemiluminescence immunoassay. We screened and searched for four representative common viruses that have certain social impacts on human beings: novel coronavirus (abbreviated as new coronavirus, COVID-19), rabies virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and porcine circovirus, and compared them to draw the advantages of colloidal gold and other immunological methods in virus detection. Results In the detection of the four common viruses, colloidal gold technology, compared with other detection methods, uniformly demonstrated the advantages of easy operation, higher specificity, faster detection speed, and the ability to achieve high-volume on-site testing. Colloidal gold technology as a new in vitro detection technology, compared with other detection technologies, is innovative, fast, more accurate results, while the operation is simple, users do not need much training to use correctly. It can be used in clinical testing to achieve rapid, high-volume screening, and can also be used as a simple device to achieve self-testing, assisting medical personnel in clinical diagnosis, which has good social benefits.
Deep Brain Stimulation - Efficacy and Safety for Neurological Treatments
Authors: Pei Zhifu
Published: July 2024

Though Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) has been a popular technology in medicine with constantly reported innovation for many years, there are only limited studies that summarize its efficacy and safety. To compensate, this article thoroughly analyses these topics of DBS as treatments for multiple neurological diseases. Initially, the history and mechanism of DBS are introduced. Then, studies targeting different neurological conditions review the general efficacy of DBS. For traditional DBS targets like Parkinson’s Disease (PD), substantial disability rating improvements in patients of large-scale clinical reports are evidence of efficacy. Whereas for novel DBS targets like Obsessive-compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Huntington’s Disease (HD), evidence mainly comes from improvements in small-scale patient case studies and thus require further studies. Next, studies covering various complications discuss the safety consideration of DBS. While intra-operational (including hemorrhage and infection) and post-operational complications (including device malfunction, psychiatric impact, motor disorder, and cognitive impairment) of DBS are proven, change in patient personality, identity, autonomy, authenticity, agency, and self (PIAAAS) after DBS operation requires further information. Finally, though current DBS technique carries multiple risk concerns and needs improvements, potential prospects and solutions are explored for this potent and thriving technology.
Current Treatment of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Authors: Zhao Haoyu
Published: July 2024

Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has grown to be an important humanitarian problem influencing people worldwide. After a long period of research and practice, antiretroviral therapy (ART) and immunotherapy have gradually become the two main methods of treating HIV. However, there are still many questions to be explored regarding the comparison of these two treatments and the future direction of their development. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare ART therapy and immunotherapy in HIV treatment and to explore their differences in terms of viral suppression, immune recovery, and patient quality of life. The potential and challenges of these two treatments in the future are envisioned.A thorough literature review and analysis were used to thoroughly assess research advancements in immunotherapy and antiretroviral therapy. ART entails long-term medication compliance and runs the risk of developing drug resistance. Immunotherapy has a lot of potential for inducing the immune system to manufacture particular antibodies and cellular immunological responses, but research is still being done to determine its usefulness and safety. The effectiveness of antiretroviral medication in preventing HIV infection and preserving patients’ health has been astounding, but issues with long-term drug use and drug resistance need to be addressed. While immunotherapy, a young science, presents prospects to create novel treatments, more study is required to guarantee their efficacy.Future HIV treatment may take advantage of both ideologies’ strengths to create a more effective combination therapy strategy with the ultimate objective to enhance HIV control and elimination.
Microglia - a vital marker in early Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Ma Lingyun
Published: July 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by memory impairment. The extremely complex etiology of Alzheimer’s disease presents substantial difficulties for clinical diagnosis and treatment. The pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease is currently explained by the amyloid-β (Aβ) hypothesis and the tau tangling theory. The therapeutic effectiveness of A and tau targeting, however, is yet insufficient. Growing interest has been shown in the pathogenic function of microglia as a potential new etiological component. Microglia are immunological cells in the central nervous system.There is a growing consensus that neuroinflammation and microglia-induced processes in Alzheimer’s disease are strongly related. Additionally, under pathological settings, aberrant microglial phagocytic function may contribute to synapse loss, which in turn causes a reduction in cognitive capacity. Several individual genes, enzymes, signaling molecules, regulators, and targets in microglia are noteworthy. Targeting these diseased microglial targets has the potential to both shed light on the real mechanisms by which microglia cause Alzheimer’s disease and suggest new avenues for future treatments for the condition.
The Interplay between Autophagy and Cancer
Authors: Xie Shuyu
Published: July 2024

The interplay between autophagy and cancer has been a subject of extensive research. This study aims to explore the role of autophagy in both suppressing and promoting tumorigenesis and investigate its potential value in clinical prognosis and therapy. By comprehensively analyzing the intricate involvement of autophagy in cancer biology, we unveil its affirmative impact on immune responses and DNA damage repair in tumor suppression, as well as its pivotal role in cell survival, angiogenesis, and treatment resistance in tumor promotion. Furthermore, we discuss the relationship between autophagy and the prognosis of cancer patients, along with the prospects of autophagy as a potential therapeutic target. This review provides a comprehensive perspective for a profound understanding of the interplay between autophagy and cancer, offering substantial guidance for future research and clinical applications.
Characterisation of barium hexaferrite thin films in microwave frequency band
Authors: Vincent Didier
Published: July 2024

The characterization of barium hexaferrite thin-films at microwave frequencies is important for determining their electromagnetic properties by measuring the elements of the permeability tensor. Layers of 15 µm were deposited by RF sputtering on a coplanar line. As a result of this deposition and annealing technique, the magnetic moments are mainly oriented in the plane of the layer. By measuring the S parameters under magnetic field conditions, the µ and κ elements of the permeability tensor were extracted and their variations as a function of the applied field were highlighted. Possible applications to absorbent layers are being considered.
Évaluation et gestion des aplombs du pied par le maréchal-ferrant
Authors: Leveillard Denis
Published: July 2024

Le maréchal-ferrant est l’homme de l’art, souvent le plus expérimenté, pour analyser et décrire les aplombs des membres du cheval en général et ceux de ses pieds en particulier. Il les évaluera selon trois plans : frontal, médian, horizontal. Dans le plan horizontal, il appréciera les panardises et les cagnosités, qui sont des états de direction horizontale visibles, notamment grâce à la direction de la ligne tangente aux glomes. Dans le plan sagittal, il appréciera les angles de pince et les conformations en extension ou en flexion interphalangienne. Dans le plan frontal, il appréciera la verticalité du plan médian du pied et distinguera les pieds de travers en dehors ou en dedans.
CD19-gerichtete CAR-T-Zellen schützen vor ANCA-induzierter akuter Nierenschädigung
Authors: Kettritz Ralph
Published: July 2024

B-Lymphozyten spielen eine zentrale Rolle bei einer Vielzahl von Autoimmunerkrankungen, einschließlich den ANCA-Vaskulitiden (ANCA: Anti-Neutrophile zytoplasmatische Antikörper). B-Zellen präsentieren Antigene und sind Vorläufer von Plasmazellen, die die antigenspezifischen Antikörper – PR3- oder MPO-ANCA – produzieren. Lodka und Kollegen verwendeten ein ANCA-Vaskulitis-Mausmodell, um die Hypothese zu testen, dass „chimeric antigen receptor“ (CAR) modifizierte T-Zellen, die gegen CD19 – ein Oberflächenmolekül auf B-Zellen – gerichtet sind, vor einer ANCA-induzierten nekrotisierenden extrakapillär-proliferativen Glomerulonephritis (NCGN) schützen.
Differenzialdiagnostik von benignen Lymphadenopathien in der
Rheumatologie
Authors: Unger Leonore
Published: July 2024

Lymphadenopathien sind im praktischen Alltag häufig und für Rheumatologen von
hoher klinischer Relevanz. Viele Autoimmunkrankheiten einschließlich der
Rheumatoiden Arthritis, des Systemischen Lupus erythematodes und des
Sjögren-Syndroms können damit einhergehen. Zur Abgrenzung von Malignomen,
insbesondere von Lymphomen und Infektionen sind eine ausführliche Anamnese, die
Beachtung von Warnzeichen (red flags) und eine gründliche Diagnostik
erforderlich. Das gleichzeitige Vorliegen von Autoimmunerkrankungen und
Infektionen oder auch Autoimmunität und Malignomen kann dabei eine
Herausforderung sein. Neben der klinischen Untersuchung nimmt die
Lymphknotensonographie in der Diagnostik einen hohen Stellenwert ein. Besondere
Bedeutung hat die histologische Beurteilung, die vom vollständig entnommenen
Lymphknoten erfolgen sollte. Für die infektiösen Erkrankungen ist der Erreger-
und Antikörpernachweis von Bedeutung. Extranodale Manifestationen werden mittels
Sonographie, CT- und MRT- Diagnostik oder auch PET-CT erfasst. In dieser
Übersichtsarbeit werden die benignen Differenzialdiagnosen von Lymphadenopathien
dargestellt. Dabei wird auch auf seltene Erkrankungen wie den M. Whipple, die
IgG4-assoziierten Erkrankungen, den M. Castleman und andere eingegangen.
Essen gegen das Vergessen: aktuelle Forschung und Ernährungsempfehlungen zur Demenzprävention
Authors: Schiele Julia , Hanslian Etienne , Scheerbaum Petra
Published: July 2024

Eine ausgewogene Ernährung kann Demenz-Risikofaktoren wie Übergewicht, Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen oder Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 positiv beeinflussen. Die Studienlage gibt Hinweise darauf, dass bestimmte Ernährungsformen und -gewohnheiten auch dem Entstehen einer Demenzerkrankung vorbeugen können. Empfohlen wird eine vollwertige, pflanzenbasierte Kost mit viel Obst, Gemüse und Vollkornprodukten, wenig verarbeiteten Lebensmitteln, wenig weißem Zucker und idealerweise dem Verzicht auf Alkohol. Untersuchungen zeigen zudem, dass die mediterrane Diät, die DASH-Diät und die daraus hervorgegangene MIND-Diät positive Auswirkungen auf die kognitive Funktion haben.