bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“ISSO FOI CAPAZ DE ME CONDUZIR A INÚMERAS REFLEXÕES”: REFLETINDO SOBRE A PROFISSIONALIDADE DOCENTE NO CURSO DE PEDAGOGIA
Authors: Starling Cláudia , Santos Marilza Oliveira , Faria Maria Luiza
Published: April 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir uma prática pedagógica realizada em uma turma de Didática, do curso de Pedagogia. A partir da escrita de narrativas (auto)biográficas, evidencia três contextos formativos: a formação inicial de uma estudante de Pedagogia, o exercício da docência de um professor que atua na escola básica e a prática pedagógica universitária. A investigação tem como fonte de informações as narrativas produzidas durante as aulas de Didática. As narrativas da estudante Luiza foram escritas a partir de uma entrevista realizada com professores da Educação Básica. Baseia-se nos estudos do campo da Didática, da formação e do aprendizado da docência, sustentados pela vertente de pesquisa (auto)biográfica. Os resultados reforçam a necessidade de desmitificar paradigmas sobre a docência, ainda vista como vocação. Por fim, as análises trouxeram evidências acerca do processo de construção da identidade sobre ser professor/a nos diferentes contextos formativos.
Human Rights Legal Support in the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China in the Context of the Development of New Technologies
Authors: Yao Li
Published: April 2021

The 21st century has seen the development of biotechnologies and artificial intelligence technologies leading to illegal testing of a gene and the introduction of a person’s voice, image, body movements into appropriate electronic procedures, followed by the imitation of a similar human voice, body movements, etc., which can cause a violation of personal rights. Since the establishment of the PRC, four codifications of civil legislation have been carried out: 1954, 1962, 1979 and 2001. However, none of them was implemented for various reasons. In May 28, 2020 for the first time, China has adopted the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China entering into force on January 1, 2021. The Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China has become the basic law of the market economy in China. It consists of seven parts: "General Part", "Property law", "Contracts", "Personal rights", "Marriage and Family", "Inheritance", "Tort liability" and "Additional provisions". The paper analyzes the features of civil protection of human rights in the new Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China in the era of the development of biotechnology and artificial intelligence. The author examines the provisions on the legal protection of human rights in the illegal occupation of medical and research activities related to human genes, human embryos, and reveals ways to protect the rights to image, voice, privacy and personal information in civil law in violation of personal rights using artificial intelligence technology in China. The author also explains the regime of a preliminary injunction in civil law and ways to find a balance of different personal rights and interests in the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China.
Evaluate the role of mercury chloride in the development of toxic pulmonary edema in laboratory animals during intoxication with substances of acylating action
Authors: Tolkach Pavel G. , Basharin Vadim A. , Chepur Sergey V. , Sizova Darya T. , Vengerovich Nicolay G.
Published: April 2021

Relevance. Intoxication of acylate pulmonotoxicants causes disturbance of structure and function of air-blood barrier, the output of liquid in the interstitial and alveolar space and manifestation of lung edema. Aquaporins play an important role in the transportation of fluid through the alveolar-capillary membrane, including pathological conditions. Water permeability through aquaporins is blocked by mercury ions. Using mercury chloride may reduce severity of the acute lung edema after intoxication of the pulmonotoxicants.
Intention. The goal is to evaluate the role of mercury dichloride in the development of toxic pulmonary edema in laboratory animals during intoxication with pulmonotoxicants with an acylating effect.
Methodology. Laboratory animals (rats and rabbits) were exposed to inhalation intoxication of carbonic acid dichloride and perfluoroisobutylene at concentrations of 1,5LC50. In 30 minutes after exposure were administrated of 0,3LD50 mercury chloride to the animals subcutaneously. The oxygenation index, acid-base state, pulmonary coefficient, histological changes in lung was investigated in 6 hours after exposure.
Results. It was found that intoxication with carbonic acid dichloride and perfluoroisobutylene at concentrations of 1,5LC50 led to the development of toxic pulmonary edema in rats and rabbits 6 hours following exposure. The administration mercury chloride to 30 minutes following exposure to the pulmonotoxicants under study, led to a decrease (p 0.05) in the pulmonary coefficient, an increase (p 0.05) in the oxygenation index and normalization of the acid-base state according to compared with animals receiving 0.9 % NaCl following intoxication. When conducting a histological examination, in animals treated with mercury chloride less pronounced changes in the histoarchitectonics of the lung tissue were noted.
Conclusion. Considering the fact that the administration of mercury chloride to animals led to a decrease in the manifestations of pulmonary edema in animals, it was suggested that aquaporins play an important role in the pathogenesis of toxic pulmonary edema caused by intoxication with pulmonotoxicants with an acylating effect. The use of selective blockers of aquaporins (less toxic than mercury chloride) may be a new direction in the pathogenetic therapy of toxic pulmonary edema due to exposure to pulmonotoxicants.
Spontan bakteriyel peritonit: Etken ne? Olgu sunumu
Authors: BOSTAN Feyzi , ÇAYIR Müberra , ÇEKİN Ayhan
Published: April 2021

Spontan bakteriyel peritonit intra-abdominal cerrahi öyküsü olmaksızın asit sıvısında bakteriyel enfeksiyon görülmesidir ve asitin ölümcül bir komplikasyonudur. Spontan bakteriyel peritonit tanısı genelde sirozlu hastada, karın ağrısı, hepatorenal sendrom gibi dekompanzasyon olduğunda ya da rutin yapılan parasentezde nötrofil sayısının 250/mm3 ve üzerinde olması ile konur. Sıklıkla etken mikroorganizmalar enterik gram negatif bakterilerdir. Tedaviye bu mikroorganizmalara yönelik ampirik olarak başlanır ve kültür sonucuna göre revize edilebilir. Listeria monocytogenes spontan bakteriyel peritonitin nadir görülen etkenidir. Gram pozitif, fakültatif anaerob basildir ve özellikle neonatallerde, yaşlı ve immünsuprese kişilerde enfeksiyona yol açar. Diğer enfeksiyonların genel bir bulgusu olan ateş, spontan bakteriyel peritonitli hastada genellikle görülmez. Biz bu yazımızda asit ve periferik ödem şikayetiyle yatırılan, kriptojenik karaciğer sirozu tanısı konulan, altmış yedi yaşında bayan hastada ampirik olarak tedavi edilirken karın ağrısı ve ateşi olması nedeniyle alınan asit sıvısında Listeria monocytogenes üreyen vakamızı sunduk. Spontan bakteriyel peritonit ampirik olarak tedavi edilirken ateşi çıkan hastanın alınan asit kültüründe ve kan kültüründe Listeria monocytogenes üredi. Listeria monocytogenes’in nadir görülen bir patojen olduğu bilinmesine rağmen bizim vakamızda olduğu gibi yaş ve kronik hastalık gibi faktörler görülme sıklığını arttırabilir. Ampirik tedaviye yanıt vermeyen veya tedavi sırasında ateş gibi sistemik belirti gösteren spontan bakteriyel peritonitli hastalarda çok nadir olmasına rağmen Listeria monocytogenes akla gelmelidir.
SFD Promotion Initiative: Cap-Haïtien, Haiti
Authors: Biscan Benjamin , Pérez Monforte Sergio , Schöbitz Lars , Kilbride Anthony
Published: April 2021

The Shit Flow Diagram (SFD) graphic is an advocacy tool that aims to assist technical and non-technical stakeholders to implement plans and programs related to urban sanitation. The SFD methodology is increasingly being used to analyze the extent of safely managed sanitation in urban areas, providing a valuable picture of the prevailing sanitation conditions, from containment to disposal. As such, it is a widely recognized advocacy and decision support tool that aims to understand, communicate, and visualize how wastewater and fecal sludge move within a city or town. As stated on the SuSanA website, the SFD methodology offers “a new and innovative way to engage sanitation experts, political leaders, and civil society in coordinated discussions about excreta management in their city”. The production and publication of an SFD report for Cap-Haitien (Haiti) would help to visualize the current sanitation situation in the city, resulting in a potential to shift current activities and efforts towards more efficient investments in the places along the sanitation chain that need more attention, improving the urban sanitation situation and the surrounding environment of the city. The structure of this SFD report consists of an executive summary and the SFD report. The latter includes: i) general city information describing its main characteristics; ii) sanitation service outcomes, with a thorough explanation of the SFD graphic outcome and the assumptions made; iii) the service delivery context analysis, which contains information on the regulatory framework of water and sanitation at country and city levels, and describes the city plans, budget and future projects to improve the sanitation situation and; iv) a detailed description of the surveys, Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) conducted, as well as the key stakeholders involved, field visits carried out and references used to develop this SFD report.
Od glejaka po COVID-19 - rola oksysteroli w organizmie człowieka
Authors: Gonet-Surówka Agnieszka , Dynarowicz-Łątka Patrycja
Published: April 2021

Cholesterol jest prekursorem w syntezie witaminy D, kwasów żółciowych i hormonów sterydowych. Jego utlenione formy zwane oksysterolami są produktem pośrednim w syntezach, ale także regulują metabolizmem cholesterolu poprzez oddziaływanie na receptory komórkowe. Cholesterol jest ważnym składnikiem błon komórkowych. Oksysterole wykazują większą aktywność biologiczną niż sam cholesterol, mając działanie plejotropowe na różne typy komórek organizmu wywołują często przeciwstawne efekty. Oksysterole w przeciwieństwie do cholesterolu mogą przenikać barierę krew-mózg i wpływać na działanie układu nerwowego. Utlenione formy cholesterolu mogą oddziaływać na etiopatogenezę chorób nowotworowych. Podwyższony poziom oksysteroli w tkankach często towarzyszy wielu stanom patologicznym: jak cukrzyca, miażdżyca, demencja lub endometrioza. Utlenione formy cholesterolu mogą hamować lub aktywować różne komórki układu odpornościowego regulując procesami odpowiedzi immunologicznej w przebiegu chorób wirusowych i zapalnych.
Lessons Learned by Organisations during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: de Waal André , Linthorst Julie , Hetterschijt Caroline
Published: April 2021

The COVID-19 caught many organisations off guard. The same is true for the academic ‘future of work’ literature, which hardly pays any attention to a disruptor like a pandemic. In the past months a catching up in the academic and especially the professional literature regarding COVID-19 could be noticed. However, this literature does not describe the actual actions organisations take to deal with the implications of COVID-19. In this article, based on a literature review a classification scheme of possible actions is drafted. Subsequently, 19 European organisations were interviewed and the actions they are undertaking are put in this classification scheme. In addition, the positive outcomes of these actions are collected as are the lessons learned by the organisations in these past months. The research results help further academic research in mapping the implications of and actions to combat disruptors like pandemics. They also help organisations prepare themselves better for the inevitable next crisis.
“Vaza, Falsiane!”: iniciativa de letramento midiático contra notícias falsas em redes sociais
Authors: Paganotti Ivan , Sakamoto Leonardo Moretti , Ratier Rodrigo Pelegrini
Published: April 2021

A proliferação de informações falsas em redes sociais online criou um cenário de desconfiança em relação às fontes informativas. A preocupação em relação à ameaça de notícias falsas se tornou um terreno fértil para demandas coletivas por propostas para combater a desinformação. Esta pesquisa avalia a proliferação de sites de checagem de fatos, ameaças de controle legal e alterações técnicas em algoritmos de redes sociais, contrastando essas estratégias com o potencial de iniciativas baseadas na educomunicação. Para isso, foi analisado um panorama de propostas de educação midiática já existentes em diferentes plataformas (canais de vídeo, páginas multimídia, oficinas presenciais, curso online aberto e massivo [MOOC, da sigla em inglês “Massive Open Online Course”] sincrônico ou não), comparado suas possibilidades de empoderamento por meio da interatividade, participação e engajamento do público. Em resposta às lacunas nesse campo, foi desenvolvido um novo mecanismo de combate à desinformação usando dos princípios da educomunicação, mas ocupando o mesmo espaço de proliferação das notícias falsas – as redes sociais – e usando seus formatos específicos para lutar contra as fake news em seu próprio ambiente.
Veículos Elétricos e Híbridos: História e Perspectivas para o Brasil
Authors: José P. Ferreira  , Márcio J. Dias
Published: April 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar revisão de literatura sobre a evolução da criação dos veículos elétricos e híbridos. Para tanto, foram realizadas buscas no site https://www.sciencedirect.com/ utilizando as palavras-chave: “Veículos Elétricos; Veículos Híbridos; História dos Veículos Elétricos; Perspectivas para o Brasil”. Os resultados obtidos foram que a substituição da frota dos veículos a combustão interna por elétricos e híbridos no mundo, e especialmente no Brasil, é uma alternativa para reduzir impactos ambientais, manter a sustentabilidade do setor automobilístico, colaborar para manter a segurança energética dos países, e é vantajosa a longo prazo devido aos menores custos de condução.
Formação docente e gosto pelas artes
Authors: Cruz Livia Lara da
Published: April 2021

O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar as relações existentes entre a formação cultural dos professores do ensino fundamental II e médio da rede estadual de São Paulo e suas percepções acerca das potencialidades educativas dos museus de arte. Tendo como principal referencial teórico o sociólogo francês Pierre Bourdieu e seu conceito de capital cultural, pretendeu-se apreender em que medida a formação cultural dos professores pode ou não determinar uma relação mais fértil com os museus de arte. Para tanto, entre os meses de setembro e novembro de 2007 foram aplicados questionários acerca da origem social, formação escolar e profissional, informações sobre hábitos de lazer e cultura e opinião sobre museus e exposições de arte a dois grupos distintos de professores. O grupo 1 incluiu vinte professores que, durante o ano de 2007, agendaram espontaneamente mais de uma visita monitorada para seus alunos no Museu Lasar Segall, localizado no bairro da Vila Mariana, zona sul da cidade de São Paulo. O grupo 2 incluiu outros vinte professores, que agendaram visitas monitoradas no Museu Lasar Segall devido à participação da escola em um projeto financiado pela Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo e que não voltaram ao Museu até o fim de 2007. A observação dos resultados obtidos permitiu a percepção de aproximações entre os dois grupos no que diz respeito à sua origem social, mas diferenças em relação à instituição de formação e a relação mantida com os bens culturais de uma maneira geral, e mais especificamente, com o museu de arte.
Do que riem os jornalistas?
Authors: Lobo Rodrigo Gomes
Published: April 2021

Por meio de um evento etnografado num estudo de caso historicamente situado (o processo de socialização de novatos no jornalismo diário empresarial paulistano contemporâneo) pretende-se elaborar reflexões a respeito das potencialidades e limitações dos conceitos bourdieusianos de autonomia e heteronomia.
Um intelectual de seu tempo
Authors: Ramos Viviane Rodrigues Darif Saldanhas de Almeida
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo apresenta, de maneira sucinta, o papel do sociólogo e historiador brasileiro Oliveira Vianna na construção de conceitos acerca das relações raciais no Brasil, considerando-o, ao lado de outros formuladores de um discurso racial, como autor crucial na construção da identidade nacional brasileira. Para tanto, buscaremos estabelecer uma leitura crítica da obra de Oliveira Vianna, compreendendo que embora não seja possível abarcar a totalidade do seu pensamento, pode-se, ao menos, lançar hipóteses sobre as perspectivas desse intelectual. Utilizamos para esta análise as teorias propostas por Karl Mannheim e Antonio Gramsci, perscrutando-o à luz da sociologia do conhecimento.
Guerreiro Ramos e a questão racial no Brasil
Authors: Shiota Ricardo Ramos
Published: April 2021

No início de sua trajetória de pesquisas sobre o Brasil, Guerreiro Ramos reconhece a especificidade da questão racial.  Desenvolve uma percepção e atividade crítica sobre ela no Brasil. Ao recusar as teorias raciais vigentes, pois estas, segundo ele, lidavam com pessoas, agentes sociais e não meros “objetos” do conhecimento, ele constrói uma visão emancipatória, voltada para a realização de uma democracia racial efetiva, autêntica e preocupada com a emancipação econômica nacional, quando ainda estava em disputa a internacionalização da economia brasileira nos anos 1950.
APPLICATIONS OF ROBOTIC PROCESS AUTOMATION IN FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING
Authors: DOGUC Ozge
Published: April 2021

Processes that contain repetitive and well-defined steps are more suitable for robotic process automation (RPA) than others. Many financial processes such as quarterly reports and balance sheet preparation fall into this category. Also, these processes are voluminous, making the benefits of RPA even more recognizable. Financial institutions (FIs) become aware of the benefits of RPA earlier than others and adopted RPA in many of their applications. Account reconciliations, reporting, and tax planning are among the processes that have been adapted to RPA. RPA has been a popular term in the industry for the last few years, only recently has it started to become a technology that’s within the reach of most organizations. RPA market has been almost doubling every year and it is expected to grow by more than 50 through 2020. Growth in the Turkish market is also substantial: between 2018 and 2020 more than 130 top companies have employed RPA robots in their infrastructure. Banks and technology companies in Turkey adapt RPA faster than other sectors, about 50% of the companies that adapted RPA are from these sectors. This paper discusses applications and advantages of RPA by giving examples from the finance and accounting in Turkey.
Forecasting the demand for health tourism in Asian countries using a GM(1,1)-alpha model
Authors: Huang Ya-Ling
Published: April 2021

The purpose – Accurately forecasting the demand for international health tourism is important to newly-emerging markets in the world. The aim of this study was presents a more suitable and accurate model for forecasting the demand for health tourism that should be more theoretically useful. Design – Applying GM(1,1) with adaptive levels of α (hereafter GM(1,1)-α model) to provide a concise prediction model that will improve the ability to forecast the demand for health tourism in Asian countries. Methodology – In order to verify the feasibility of the proposed approach, using available secondary and primary data covering the period from 2002 through 2009 obtained from the RNCOS “Opportunities in Asian Health tourism” report. Based on a unique and characteristics database for the health tourism industry, this study applies the adaptive α in a Grey forecasting model (GM(1,1)-α) to predict the demand for health tourism in Asian countries. Approach – Implementation of demand forecasting in health tourism is examined on the short-term and limited dataset, due to importance of a minimum the predicated error on underlying basis for the econometric model for health tourism markets. Findings – Key findings present that the optimal value of α in GM(1,1) can minimize the predicted error. Finally, in the case of the demand for health tourism in Asian countries, using GM(1,1)-α to predict error is clearly better than the use of the original GM(1,1) and time series models. The originality of this research – The originality comes from the analysis of the demand forecasting in health tourism of Asian countries, which provides an easy and accurate method to predict the demand for health medical tourism and ideas for further improvements in the sector of health tourism.
Accessing demand characteristics of agritourism in Italy
Authors: Ohe Yasuo
Published: April 2021

The purpose – The aim of this paper is to investigate the demand characteristics of agritourism in Italy, which has not been fully investigated despite the relatively high number of the supply-side studies on the Italian agritourism. Design – First this paper conceptually characterized the features of agritourism as the old and modern types and outlined the trend of supply and demand in agritourism in Italy in comparison with Japan. Second, this paper statistically examined the characteristics in the demand side for agritourism in Italy in comparison with tourism demand in general, such as that for hotels. Methodology and approach – Data were obtained from ‘Annuario Statistico Italiano’ edited and issued by ISTAT (Istituto Nazionale di Statistica). Data from 1997 were compared with those from 2006. We examined the regional characteristics and trends in the composition of domestic and inbound tourists in relation to agritourism. Findings – (1) Agritourism experienced rapid growth in the number of beds available and of those tourists who stayed overnight during the last decade while the operation rate of agritourism is much lower than that of tourism in general. (2) The market for agritourism domestic demand accounted for more than half of the total agritourism demand. The remaining demand was filled by inbound tourists from European countries. These inbound tourists are driving the growth of agritourism in this country. Even if we consider the particular reasons for low barriers to travel in Europe, these findings clearly indicate that it is essential for the development of agritourism to count not only on domestic but also inbound tourists to raise the operation rate. Originality of the research – The originality comes from the investigation of agritourism in Italy by focusing on the demand factors in comparison with tourism in general.
Three-Dimensional Laser Scanning-Based Method for Identifying Rock Discontinuities
Authors: Hu Shengming , Jianglin Gao , Hu liang , Dai Zhiguang , Chen Fang
Published: April 2021

Manual measurement of rock discontinuities is time-consuming and subjective according to the experience of the surveyor. This work proposes a three-dimensional laser scanning-based method for the semi-automatic identification of rock discontinuities. Multisite cloud scanning is performed with real-time kinematic (RTK)-assisted orientation to estimate the rock fracturing degree; then, discontinuity orientations are extracted with the man–machine interactive method or automatic method. The proposed method was applied to actual examples to illustrate its accuracy at identifying rock discontinuities. The sensitivity of the identification accuracy to different parameters was investigated.
Four Spacetime Dimensions from Multifractal Geometry
Authors: Goldfain Ervin
Published: April 2021

As paradigm of complex behavior, multifractals describe the underlying geometry of self-similar objects or processes. Building on the connection between entropy and multifractals, we show here that the generalized dimension of geodesic trajectories in General Relativity coincides with the four-dimensionality of classical spacetime.
Modeling the Impact of a Coronavirus Vaccine Among Low and High Risk Populations in the United States
Authors: Ruffin Rachel , Richardson Ariana , Iboi Enahoro A
Published: April 2021

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) was first reported in the U.S. on December 29, 2019 and has spread rapidly throughout the country, affecting individuals with varying severity due to their risk status. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, it is estimated that 45.4% of US adults are at higher risk for complications from coronavirus disease because of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, respiratory disease, hypertension, or cancer. In this study, we developed a mathematical model to assess the impact of a COVID-19 vaccine among low and high risk groups. Numerical simulations shows vaccinating both low and high risk groups simultaneously, rather than prioritizing the vaccine on high risk group only, further reduces the daily mortality. The result supports the need for an aggressive vaccination program, regardless of whether individuals are within the low or high risk population.
To the evolution model of network graph structure construction
Authors: Orlov Yurii Nikolaevich , Pankratov Alexander Seraphimovich
Published: April 2021

In this paper the investigation of the structure of network graph is presented. The social network between the Russian towns is considered. It is shown, that the distribution of vertex powers is uniform. As a consequence there is a high dimension region with whole connection. The probability of special sub-graphs is estimated. The Liouville equation is used for modeling of the graph structure evolution.
Analisa Ukuran Butiran Sedimen Pantai Desa Aeng Kabupaten Takalar dan Pantai Padongko Kabupaten Barru
Authors: Umar Hasdinar , Rachman Taufiqur , Rahman Sabaruddin , Paotonan Chairul , Baeda Achmad Yasir , Taufiqurrahman Taufiqurrahman , Alkhaer Ilham
Published: April 2021

Pantai merupakan daerah yang mudah mengalami perubahan secara fisik. Perubahan ini diakibatkan oleh proses alam maupun kegiatan manusia. Perubahan fisik yang umumnya terjadi di pantai adalah erosi dan sedimentasi. Proses dinamis yang terjadi di pantai merupakan akibat dari kombinasi berbagai gaya yang bekerja di pantai, yang meliputi gaya gelombang, arus, gerakan sedimen, angin dan sebagainya. Untuk menganalisis angkutan sedimen di daerah pantai, salah satu hal utama yang perlu diketahui adalah karakteristik sedimen pantai. Penelitian dilakukan di pantai yang rawan erosi dan sedimentasi, lokasi penelitian data sampel di beberapa titik yang diambil di area sekitar Pantai Desa Aeng Takalar dan Pantai Padongko Barru. Analisis yang dilakukan yaitu analisis distribusi butiran sedimen untuk mengetahui karakteristik sedimen yang ada di pantai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran-ukuran butiran sampel sedimen di pantai di Desa Aeng Kab.Takalar adalah beberapa campuran pasir halus dan pasir sedang yang memiliki diameter 0,125 mm – 0,5 mm dan ukuran butiran sedimen di Pantai Padongko Kab.Barru adalah campuran pasir halus dan pasir sedang yang memiliki diameter 0,125 – 0,5 mmKata Kunci: Sedimen, Ukuran Butiran, Pantai
Kandungan Nitrat Di Perairan Pasir Putih, Kecamatan Bungatan, Kabupaten Situbondo
Authors: Diah Pahlewi Anita , Sakinah Wazirotus
Published: April 2021

Komponen fisika, kimia dan biologi yang terkandung dalam suatu perairan akan mempengaruhi kehidupan biota di dalamnya. Nitrat merupakan bentuk utama nitrogen di perairan alami dan nutrien utama bagi pertumbuhan alga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kandungan nitrat yang terdapat di perairan Pasir Putih, sehingga data penelitian ini bisa dimanfaatkan untuk monitoring kualitas air di perairan Pasir Putih, Kecamatan Bungatan, Kabupaten Situbondo. Pengambilan data nitrat dalam sampel air laut dilakukan di tiga stasiun penelitian menggunakan metode analisa di laboratorium. Sampel air laut dimasukkan ke dalam botol gelap dan disimpan dalam coolbox untuk dianalisis di laboratorium, kemudian hasilnya dibandingkan dengan baku mutu air laut berdasarkan KEPMEN-LH No. 51 Tahun 2004. Rerata kadar nitrat di stasiun A yaitu 6,8 mg/L; di stasiun B yaitu 10,2 mg/L; di stasiun C yaitu 5,6 mg/L. Kandungan rerata nitrat di 3 stasiun penelitian sebesar 7,53 mg/L menunjukkan kadar nitrat yang melebihi baku mutu air laut berdasarkan KEPMEN-LH No. 51 Tahun 2004. Hal ini mengindikasikan terjadinya pencemaran antropogenik di perairan tersebut. Terdapat keramba jaring apung yang berada di dekat lokasi penelitian di perairan Pasir Putih Kabupaten Situbondo. Perlu penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai kaitan adanya keramba jaring apung dengan kualitas air di lokasi penelitian.
Analisis Perawatan Injector Akibat Penyumbatan Bahan Bakar Pada Main Engine Kapal
Authors: Khusniawati Faulina , Palippui Habibi
Published: April 2021

Main engine dalam pengoperasiannya memerlukan pembakaran secara sempurna untuk mendapatkan mesin yang efektif, salah satunya adalah dengan menggunakan mekanisme injector. Pembakaran yang tidak sempurna dapat mengakibatkan mesin tidak dapat bekerja dengan maksimal, bahkan akan menimbulkan kerusakan mesin sehingga membutuhkan biaya perbaikan dan penggantian spare part-nya. Injector memiliki carakerja dengan memberikan bahan bakar bertekanan tinggi dari injection pump. Fungsi utama injektor diesel adalah alat untuk mengabutkan bahan bakar hingga terpecahpecah menjadi bagian yang halus (kabut) dalam suhu tinggi. Suhu tinggi tersebut akan memberikan dampak pada mesin sehingga perlu diadakan perawatan berkala pada injektor mesin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan riset pustaka dan studi dokumen. Penelitian ini meliputi: mencari data mesin induk (injektor), menganalisa dan mengidentifikasi kerusakan injektor, perbaikan dan pengetesan injektor mesin.
Sonochemical Synthesis of Ethyl Cinnamate
Authors: Purwaningsih Yuliana , Syukur Mighfar , Purwanto Ungsari Rizki Eka
Published: April 2021

This research aimed to determine the yield of ethyl cinnamate synthesized by the sonochemical method and its potency as a sunscreen agent. Ethyl cinnamate was synthesized from cinnamic acid and ethanol with concentrated sulfuric acid as catalysts assisted by ultrasonic waves. The Identification of compounds was carried out by infrared spectrophotometry and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Synthesis of ethyl cinnamate resulted in the form of clear yellow liquid with a fragrant aroma of a cinnamon ester with a 96.61% yield. Identification by an infrared spectrophotometer showed many functional groups of ethyl cinnamate.  Identification by GC-MS was given a relative abundance of 98.96%. The product of synthesis had SPF number 4.769 at 10 ppm used Mansur Equation. Based on this research, it concluded that it has potential as a sunscreen agent. The sonochemical method provides an excellent yield of ethyl cinnamate.
Developing Small Scale Chemistry Practicum Module to Identify Students’ Ability in Predict-Observe- Explain (POE) Implementation
Authors: Harta Johnsen , Listyarini Risnita Vicky , Pamenang Fransisca Ditawati Nur , Wijayanti Lucia Wiwid , Lee Wonkoo
Published: April 2021

Chemistry practicum does not have to be complicated and requires expensive apparatus and chemicals, and is considered not environmentally friendly. The concept of small scale chemistry practicum is one of appropriate technology that is packaged elegantly to introduce and embed the principles of green chemistry in every chemistry experiments, and also to enhance the concepts of chemistry through verification and scientific discovery. This study aims to create the newest product, the small scale chemistry practicum module to identify the ability of the students of chemistry education study program, Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta in formulating predictions on phenomenon based on the insights they have, making direct observations through small scale chemistry practicum, and explaining the results of observations and emphasis on concepts in detail and depth. This research is the development research with the model of Analysis, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate (ADDIE). Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis and Rasch Model. The results of the study show that the product developed has a perfect and feasible level of readability to be tested. From the content aspect, it presented in perfect criteria, as well as the construction aspect and aspect of language, also shows good value. The students already have quite an excellent ability to predict (average score= 76), observe (average score= 88.5), and explain (average score 87.5). Also, it was noted that students enthusiastically applied POE, and the results of POE students show good person reliability value (0.88) in small scale chemistry experiments. The product developed has been valid, effective, and practical for use in experiments according to experts and teachers, and good student responses (Cronbach's alpha value= 0.92) to the product.
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN LANGSUNG DALAM MEMFASILITASI KETERAMPILAN TEKNIK BERMAIN BOLA BASKET UNTUK SISWA TUNAGRAHITA KELAS XI SMALB-C
Authors: Sari Mulya
Published: April 2021

Kondisi Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memfasilitasi keterampilan teknik bermain bola basket pada mata pelajaran pendidikan jasmani, olahraga dan kesehatan (Penjaskes) pada siswa tunagrahita dengan menggunakan metode pembelajaran langsung. Partisipan penelitian adalah 7 orang siswa kelas XI SMALB-C, dan seorang guru. Tindakan dilakukan sebanyak 2 siklus di mana setiap siklus berlangsung dalam 2 kali pertemuan. Setiap siklus mempunyai empat kegiatan utama yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar keterampilan Penjaskes materi teknik permainan bola basket pada anak tunagrahita kelas XI SMALB-C, yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode pembelajaran langsung. Pembelajaran anak tunagrahita perlu mempertimbangkan penggunaan prinsip keperagaan, pengulangan dan individualisasi. Penelitian ini melaporkan bahwa metode pembelajaran langsung dapat digunakan untuk memfasilitasi keterampilan teknik bermain bola basket pada siswa tunagrahita.

 

This research aims to facilitate basketball technique skills in physical education, sports, and health subject for students with intellectual disability using direct learning methods. The participants of this research are seven second-grade students and a teacher of high school for students with intellectual disabilities. The actions were carried out in 2 cycles, where every cycle lasts for 2 sessions. Every cycle has four main activities; planning, action, observation, and reflection. The results showed an improvement in the learning outcomes of basketball technique skills of physical education, sports, and health subject for second-grade high school students with intellectual disability using the direct learning method. Learning for students with an intellectual disability needs to regard the use of modeling, repetition, and individualization principles. This research reported that the direct learning method could be used to facilitate basketball technique skills for students with intellectual disabilities.
PENGELOLAAN DIRI SEBAGAI UPAYA MEMBANGUN KERJA SAMA DALAM PERTUKARAN PELAJAR DI PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Ramadhani Anita Eka , Septia Aulia Yogi , Wijayanti Ririn , Septianingtias Arina
Published: April 2021

Masa pandemi saat ini mendorong seluruh bidang dan kegiatan di dalamnya dilakukan secara daring ataupun virtual, termasuk pada pelaksanaan program pertukaran pelajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pentingnya Pengelolaan diri untuk membangun kerja sama pada program pertukaran pelajar di perguruan tinggi secara virtual. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu teknik observasi partisipasi dan wawancara terstruktur. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 20 mahasiswa PGSD semester 5 pada dua perguruan tinggi negeri di Jawa, yang mengikuti kegiatan pertukaran pelajar antar program studi di perguruan tinggi yang berbeda. Pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, dengan pedoman yang didasarkan pada parameter mengenai pengelolaan diri dan kerja sama. Analisis terhadap hasil wawancara diperkuat dengan pengamatan karena peneliti terlibat langsung dalam keseharian orang yang sedang menjadi objek penelitian. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah model Miles dan Huberman yang terdiri atas aktivitas data reduction, data display, dan drawing/verification. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tiap partisipan sudah memiliki Pengelolaan diri yang baik, ditunjukkan dengan cara mengatasi berbagai masalah kerja sama tim secara virtual dengan pengelolaan diri, cara membagi waktu, prioritas dan komunikasi yang baik, sehingga tercipta kerja sama tim yang baik. Pengelolaan diri yang baik akan menciptakan kerja sama tim yang baik pula, begitupun sebaliknya.

 

The current pandemic has prompted all fields and activities to be carried out online or virtually, including the implementation of student exchange programs. The research aims to determine the importance of self-management in building solid teamwork between students in exchange programs virtually. Data collected through structured interviews and participatory observation. Participants are 20 students of the 5th semester in Primary teacher education (PGSD) from two universities in Java that follow Student Exchange Programs in Kampus Merdeka-Merdeka Belajar. Interview data were collected and classified according to interview guidelines based on self-management and solid teamwork indicators. The interview results were confirmed with direct observation by the researcher involved in the daily activities of research participants. The data analysis uses the Miles and Huberman model that consists of data reduction, data display, and drawing/verification activities. The results revealed that each participant experienced difficulties building virtual teamwork in terms of internet networks, individual interests, et cetera. Participants also carry out self-management to work together in teams by setting time, priorities, and other related to their performance to complete group tasks.
The demonstration and validation of a linked watershed-riverine modeling system for DoD installations : user guidance report version 2.0
Authors: Johnson Billy , Zhang Zhonglong
Published: April 2021

A linked watershed model was evaluated on three watersheds within the U.S.: (1) House Creek Watershed, Fort Hood, TX; (2) Calleguas Creek Watershed, Ventura County, CA; and (3) Patuxent River Watershed, MD. The goal of this demonstration study was to show the utility of such a model in addressing water quality issues facing DoD installations across a variety of climate zones. In performing the demonstration study, evaluations of model output with regards to accuracy, predictability and meeting regulatory drivers were completed. Data availability, level of modeling expertise, and costs for model setup, validation, scenario analysis, and maintenance were evaluated in order to inform installation managers on the time and cost investment needed to use a linked watershed modeling system. Final conclusions were that the system evaluated in this study would be useful for answering a variety of questions posed by installation managers and could be useful in developing management scenarios to better control pollutant runoff from installations.
Factores que motivan la compra por impulso en el contexto de la compra en grupo en línea
Authors: Rodríguez-Orejuela Augusto , Peña-García Nathalie , Casañas-Chavez Maria Isabel
Published: April 2021

Este estudio tiene como propósito entender los factores que promueven la compra por impulso en sitios web de compra en grupo, a través del enfoque de la teoría psicológica ambiental de estímulo-organismo-respuesta (S-OR). Se analizan los estímulos disponibilidad percibida del producto y atractivo visual, además de la reacción cognitiva y la telepresencia como organismos; finalmente, como respuesta, la urgencia a comprar impulsivamente. Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa por medio de una entrevista personal con cuestionario estructurado a 403 consumidores de tiendas de compra agrupada en línea. Los datos fueron tratados con EQS 6.3, a partir de un análisis factorial confirmatorio y ecuaciones estructurales con el fin de contrastar las hipótesis. Los resultados indican, por un lado, que una percepción positiva del consumidor respecto a la disponibilidad del producto y el atractivo visual en el sitio de compra en grupo en línea influyen positivamente en la telepresencia, así como esta a su vez influye positivamente en la sensación de compra por impulso en línea del consumidor; por otro, se observa que la reacción cognitiva va en contra de la urgencia por comprar por impulso. Así las cosas, se puede establecer las tiendas pueden gestionar la urgencia para comprar impulsivamente cuando se requiere realizar una actividad promocional; pero no puede gestionarse como una actividad promocional regular en una empresa que espere durar en el mercado.
Impacto de los derechos de propiedad intelectual sobre la innovación empresarial en Colombia: evidencia a nivel de firma
Authors: Quintero-Peña Jose Wilmar , Mendoza-Lozano Frederick Andrés
Published: April 2021

El presente documento examina los efectos de los derechos de propiedad intelectual (DPI) sobre la innovación empresarial, en conformidad con los factores asociados a la innovación. Con base en la Encuesta Empresarial del Banco Mundial (EEBM) para el 2010 y el 2017, la innovación se describe en la clasificación del Manual de Oslo y los DPI según los acuerdos relativos a la propiedad intelectual. En este trabajo se estima un modelo probit con el fin de analizar los efectos de los DPI sobre la innovación en Colombia; se encuentra un efecto positivo y cercano al 10 % de los DPI sobre los distintos tipos de innovación, excepto para las innovaciones en proceso. Por su parte, el efecto de las patentes en las innovaciones en todos los casos es positivo y significativo. Finalmente, a fin de tratar los problemas de sesgo de selección y como método adicional, se utiliza el método de pareo propensity score matching, en el cual el grupo de tratamiento corresponde a las empresas que tienen patentes o cualquier tipo de registro de propiedad intelectual. La muestra se compone de un total de 1935 empresas. Los resultados de los efectos son positivos, especialmente para las empresas que tienen patentes o registros de propiedad intelectual siete años atrás. En conclusión, la evidencia rechaza la hipótesis de Arrow en el caso de Colombia, en el sentido de que las empresas que ya tienen un poder de monopolio generado por los DPI siguen innovando en el tiempo.
Enhancing Offline Tamil Handwritten Character Recognition Using Optimal Newton Algorithm Based Deep Convolution Extreme Learning Model
Authors: SHANMUGAM K , VANATHI B
Published: April 2021

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
First Principle Research on Ga Rich GaAs0.5P0.5(001) β2(4×2) and As(P) rich β2(2×4) Reconstruction Surfaces With and Without Cs Adsorption
Authors: He Siyi , Yang Mingzhu , Pei Shixin
Published: April 2021

Based on first principle calculations, Ga rich and As(P) rich clean GaAs0.5P0.5(001) reconstruction surfaces and adsorbed surfaces with 0.125ML coverage of Cs at different sites are researched. Formation energy of Ga rich GaAs0.5P0.5(001) β2(4×2) reconstruction surface is smaller than that of As(P) rich one, and the work functions of Ga rich β 2 (4×2) and As(P) rich β2(2×4) surfaces are 4.657 eV and 5.187 eV, respectively. The adsorption energies of Cs adatoms on both surfaces are negative, showing that Cs adsorption is a stable exothermic process. The work functions of two surfaces both decrease after Cs adsorption, and the average variation of As(P) rich β2(2×4) surface is larger. Mulliken charge analysis shows that Cs adatoms transfer electrons to GaAsP substrate, resulting in Cs-GaAsP dioples which lower the work functions. When Cs atoms are located at D 2 of Ga rich surface and D 2 ' of As(P) rich surface, work function values of the two reconstruction surfaces reach the minimums, which are 2.834eV and 2.859eV, respectively. By calculating dipole moments, it can be found that Cs adatoms on the topmost layer form larger effective dipole moments with GaAsP substrate than the Cs atoms located in the trench.
Air Cleaning Performance of Two Species of Potted Plants and Different Substrates
Authors: Moya Tatiana Armijos , de Visser Pieter , Ottele Marc , Dobbelsteen Andy van den , Bluyssen Philomena M.
Published: April 2021

Potted plants have been reported to uptake VOCs and help ‘cleaning’ the air. This paper presents the results of a laboratory study in which two species of plants (Peace Lily and Boston Fern) and three kinds of substrates (expanded clay, soil and activated carbon) were tested and monitored on their capacity to deplete formaldehyde and CO2 in a glass chamber. Formaldehyde and CO2 were selected as indicators to evaluate the bio-filtration efficacy of 28 different test conditions; relative humidity (RH) and temperature (T) were monitored during the experiments. To evaluate the efficacy of every test the Clean Air Delivery Rate (CADR) was calculated. Overall, soil had the best performance in removing formaldehyde (~ 0.07–0.16 m3/h), while plants, in particular, were more effective in reducing CO2 concentrations (Peace lily 0.01m3/h) (Boston fern 0.02-0.03m3/h). On average, plants (~ 0.03 m3/h) were as effective as dry expanded clay (0.02–0.04 m3/h) in depleting formaldehyde from the chamber. Regarding air cleaning performance, Boston ferns presented the best performance among the plant species, and the best performing substrate was the soil.
Single-Cell Chromatin Accessibility Landscape of Human Umbilical Cord Blood in Trisomy 18 Syndrome
Authors: Qiu Xiaofen , Yu Haiyan , Wu Hongwei , Hu Zhiyang , Zhou Jun , Lin Hua , Xue Wen , Cai Wanxia , Chen Jiejing , Yan Qiang , Dai Weier , Yang Ming , Tang Donge , Dai Yong
Published: April 2021

Background: Trisomy 18 syndrome (Edwards syndrome, ES) is a type of aneuploidy caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 18. Aneuploidy is the leading cause of early pregnancy loss, intellectual disability, and multiple congenital anomalies.Results: In this study, we used the commercial Chromium platform (10x Genomics) to perform sc-ATAC-seq to measure chromatin accessibility in 11,611 single umbilical cord blood cells derived from one trisomy 18 syndrome patient and one healthy donor. We obtained 13 distinct major clusters of cells and identified them as 6 human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell types without using antibodies. We set out to generate a single-cell atlas of chromatin accessibility in human umbilical cord blood from the healthy control donor and the 18 trisomy syndrome donor. Then, we carried out cell-type-specific gene regulatory network analysis at single-cell resolution of these differential accessibility-related loci genes and summarized the disease-related transcription factors (TFs) and target genes. Finally, we performed a cell-type-specific gene regulatory network analysis of these differential accessibility-related locus genes at single-cell resolution.Conclusions: Specifically, CCBN2 and MCM3 may be essential for the development of trisomy 18, and genes differentially expressed between the donor and patient were enriched in the human T-cell leukaemia virus 1 infection pathway. These screened disease-related transcription factors (TFs) and their target genes provide a basis for further research that will improve our understanding of trisomy 18 syndrome.