bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kano model as a tool to increase consumers environmental responsibility (the case of birthday banquet menu design in modern catering)
Authors: Yen Tsung-Chi , Huang Chia-Hui
Published: December 2023

To be competitive and environmentally responsible in food and beverage industry, restaurants must develop unique green, sustainable marketing strategies to gain an edge. Birthday banquets, with their symbolic value, offer an opportunity for restaurants to showcase menu design. However, many restaurants overlook this market, offering generic menus even when customers request a birthday banquet. This study explores the quality of birthday banquet menu design from the consumer's environmentally responsible perspectives, using the Kansei Engineering and KANO models. Through interviews and statistical analysis, the study identifies areas for improvement in menu design and provides practical recommendations for the industry to be sustainable, highly competitive and environmentally friendly.
Investigation of the impact of integrating renewable sources with variable power generation, taking into account restrictions on the voltage stability limit
Authors: Rahmanov Nariman , Kurbatsky Viktor , Guliyev Huseyngulu , Tomin Nikita , Yagubov Ayaz
Published: December 2023

This article is devoted to the development of a methodology for estimating the amount of balancing power in a system with a large share of renewable energy sources (RES). For this purpose, an analysis was made of the influence of an increase in the installed capacity of wind power plants (WPPs) on the value of the balance power of the energy system, random characteristics of its variability for various combinations of the number of workers in the WPP system. The possibilities of realizing the distribution of balance power in characteristic critical loaded modes of the system are considered. Using the example of a real power system, the wind speed measurement data obtained for the geographic locations of wind stations on the power systems using the developed programs, simulations of the system modes were carried out for various combinations of these stations. The dependences for the balancing power are constructed, the conditions for reducing this power, as well as the conditions for its limitation on the stability of the voltage in the balancing part of the system, are determined.
A method for synthesizing and analyzing fault trees to improve the survivability of a demand response aggregator
Authors: Kolosok Irina , Korkina Elena
Published: December 2023

The paper is concerned with the application of fault tree and event tree methods to analyze and improve the survivability of the structure of the demand response aggregator (DR Aggregator). The approach used for this purpose was first called the Method of Fault Tree Synthesis and Analysis, combining the fault tree and event tree methods based on the mechanism and kinetics of undesired events affecting the object under study. With this approach, one can more accurately determine the most vulnerable components of the DR Aggregator structure, and ways to enhance their security.
Estimation of acceptable failure rates for equipment of power distribution network
Authors: Vanin Artem , Gabdushev Dmitry , Tulsky Vladimir
Published: December 2023

Regulatory requirements for reliability indexes of power distribution networks are considered. The dynamics and structure of the reliability indexes of electricity distribution companies are analyzed. Criteria for determining the acceptable number of outages of power network equipment are proposed to calculate the acceptable frequency of outages. The proposed approach is illustrated by calculation of acceptable values of reliability indexes for the power distribution network of Moscow Region.
Intelligent control system to increase the flexibility of power systems – the direction of development and a way to solve problems in the Irkutsk power system
Authors: Osak Alexey , Buzina Elena
Published: December 2023

In the power system of the Irkutsk region since 2020, there has been a significant increase in the maximum electrical load, which amounted to more than 1.2 GW. As a result, the available reserves of power generating capacity and capacity of power grid were exhausted. In the coming years, situations of occurrence of an uncovered power shortage during periods of maximum loads are possible. It is proposed to solve the problems by increasing the flexibility of the power system, reducing the peak consumption and levelling the load schedule. Including through price-dependent demand response for electric energy and power through the development of regulatory legal acts in the field of electricity supply, technological connection and improving the payment system for electricity and power, including at the level of utility and household consumers.
Study of transient synchrophasors for the development of relay protection and control systems
Authors: Mokeev Alexey , Piskunov Sergey
Published: December 2023

The paper discusses issues of improving control and relay protection systems based on the study and analysis of voltage and current synchrophasors of electromechanical and electromagnetic transient processes. The authors consider methods for analyzing transient synchrophasors, the use of synchronized phasor measurement technology in control systems and for improving line distance protection. The paper provides examples of line impedance estimation using traditional protection algorithms and proposed algorithms based on phasor measurements.
Algorithmic foundations of automated monitoring of commercial and technical power losses in distribution networks
Authors: Omorov T.T. , Takyrbashev B.K. , Koibagarov T.Dzh. , Osmonova R.Ch. , Imanakunova Zh.S. , Zhanybaev T.O. , Asiev A.T.
Published: December 2023

It is known that significant power losses in power distribution networks (PDNs) caused by unauthorized power withdrawals (UPWs) lead to a decrease in their technical and economic performance. There are no digital technologies designed for separate assessment and monitoring of technical and commercial power losses in modern automatic system for commercial metering of power consumption (ASCMPC), which are currently widely used for automation and computerization of processes in distribution networks. The article proposes a new algorithm for solving the above problem on the basis of data obtained from electricity meters included in the ASCMPC structure. In order to ensure the solvability of the identification problem, the concept of a virtual network model characterizing the desired state of the PDN in the absence of UPW is introduced. On its basis, algebraic equations are obtained, the solution of which allows to identify technical and commercial power losses in three-phase networks. The obtained results are oriented on further improvement of modern ASCMPC and increase of their efficiency and reliability.
Ensuring reliable operation of stranding machine for cable production through the use of intelligent technologies
Authors: Isamukhamedov Dilshod , Ivanov Artem , Turabekov Aybek , Yokubjonova Diyora
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the reliability of cable manufacturing equipment by diagnosing its technical condition. The solution of this issue is provided by the use of intelligent systems with expert assessment and prediction of probable failures in operation. The built-in working environment for the management of cable manufacturing equipment makes it possible to solve the issues posed by the reliability of cable making machines with a long service life by integrating artificial intelligence elements into a system with limited resources. The implementation of the solution to the problem is carried out on the stranding machine for cable production, on the example of which the options are considered that provide the necessary level of not only the reliability of the equipment in the manufacturing technology, but also the reliability in operation of the finished cable product.
Analysis of profitability of production of energy companies of the Irkutsk region
Authors: Filatov Evgeniy
Published: December 2023

Energy is a life support industry that determines the state of the economy of the state as a whole. The energy sector is: 1. the infrastructure of all sectors of the economy and the life support system of the population; 2. business, which provides about 30% of GDP, 50-60% of the income of the country’s budget system and up to 65% of all foreign exchange earnings; 3. the geopolitical factor determining the role of Russia in the international arena. Profitability of production is an important economic category of the market economy, knowledge of the nature of which allows the most successful regulation of the economy of individual enterprises, industries and the national economy as a whole. This indicator is often used in financial and investment analysis. The study of the effectiveness of the financial and economic activities of the organization, the identification of cause-and-effect relationships between the factors used and the results obtained create the basis for a scientifically based prediction of its state in the future when planning and forecasting. In the article, to carry out a factor analysis of the profitability of production, the author has developed a 3-factor model. The article reveals the influence of factors affecting the change in the profitability of production of energy companies of the Irkutsk region and gives the author’s methodological approaches for its calculation (methods of factor analysis developed by Filatov E.A.). The article presents the author’s analytical, systematized statistical material for the analysis of key indicators revealing the impact on the change in the profitability of production of energy companies of the Irkutsk region regions of the Russian Federation.
The role of energy security in forming the foundations for sustainable development of fuel and energy complex enterprises
Authors: Allaeva Gulchekhra
Published: December 2023

The article considers energy security as a factor in the sustainable development of the fuel and energy complex of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The main types of threats at energy enterprises and the types of sources of risks and threats to the sustainable development of the fuel and energy complex are considered. A comprehensive mechanism for monitoring and preventing threats to sustainable development and energy security of the fuel and energy complex is proposed. Evidence-based proposals have been developed for the efficient and safe sustainable development of the sectors of the energy sector of the national economy.
Application of design methods for precision energy supply systems in the educational process using information technology
Authors: Tsybov N.N. , Galbaev Zh.T.
Published: December 2023

Teaching electrical engineering disciplines in technical universities involves the use of information technology in modeling processes in electrical circuits and in organizing the educational process. The main problem of the existing automated training systems for technical universities is their low didactic efficiency. This paper presents the application of a training system that takes into account the psycho-factors of the participants in the educational process and the personal characteristics of students. The initial data for the operation of the automated system is information about the fundamental pedagogical concepts and information reflecting the personal characteristics of the participants in the educational process. The color design of the means of visual display of information blocks on monitors is tuned in accordance with the user’s psychotype. The proposed automated training system contains a set of training electronic devices with interchangeable functional units, which, based on the results of testing academic training and testing personal characteristics, are offered to students for design and stage-by-stage modeling. The paper shows the design of a precision DC voltage stabilization system. This study proposes technical solutions that implement the principles of the combined use of negative and positive feedback circuits. In the proposed technical implementation of the device, a method is proposed for fully compensating for the instability of the stabilizer output voltage when the load current changes from zero to the nominal value.
To the adsorbent obtained on the basis of local Angren coal analysis of adsorption energy properties of benzene vapors
Authors: Gulomova Gulnora , Barotov Musurmon
Published: December 2023

This article provides information on ensuring safety at coal mines by analyzing existing coal mining facilities. Information on the Angren coal mine is also given. It is shown that there are no accurate methods for determining the location of fires in order to increase the efficiency of spontaneous combustion prevention by supplying liquid compositions such as water and clay pulp flowing down the formation soil. Measures have been proposed to suppress spontaneous combustion centers, nitrogen is being increasingly used, the supply of which ensures volumetric processing of the collapsed mass and allows reducing the oxygen concentration in the mined-out space.
Transition to alternative sources of electricity supply: diversifying the energy strategy in the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Ayubova Indiraxon
Published: December 2023

In today’s world, the problem of energy security is becoming increasingly important. The issue of increasing energy independence and diversification of energy supply sources is becoming an important component of this problem. Transition from classical to alternative energy sources allows not only to reduce dependence on external suppliers, but also to improve the environmental situation. The article is devoted to analyzing the process of transition to alternative sources of electric energy in the Republic of Uzbekistan. In the conditions of constantly growing demand for electricity and irreversible depletion of natural resources, the importance of this topic can hardly be overestimated. The purpose of this study is to examine the theoretical and practical aspects of this transition, including not only changes in the energy sector, but also socio-economic, technological and environmental consequences of these changes for the country.
Effect of Probiotsid-Phyto and UDP Zn on the intestinal microbiome of Cyprinus carpio
Authors: Miroshnikova Elena , Sizentsov Aleksey , Arinzhanov Azamat , Kilyakova Yulia
Published: December 2023

The system analysis of the phytobiotic “Probiocid®-Phyto” and zinc ultradispersed particles (Zn UDP) effect on growth dynamics, chemical composition of muscle tissue and structural microbiome of the common carp gut (Cyprinus carpio) was carried out in this article. The use of modern genetic methods of investigation (polymerase chain reaction with specific 16S prokaryotic primers and with Nextera XT protocol adapters and indices) allowed to determine that the main phylogenetic groups entering the intact group gut microbiome are Proteobacteria (40.49 %), Actinobacteria (28.67 %), Firmicutes (19.01 %) and Bacteroidetes (10.28 %). The most significant effect on the carp microbiome was exerted by Zn UDP, which was expressed by an increase in the specific weight of two types – Proteobacteria 66.64 % and Fusobacteria - 31.18 %, while in the bivalent application group the biodiversity of types was represented as follows: 57.08 % – Proteobacteria, 14.17 % – Firmicutes, 11.86 % – Actinobacteria, 7.85 % – Fusobacteria and 7.43 % – Bacteroidetes. The most significant effect of the preparations on the carp productivity was observed when the compared preparations were fed together; in this case, by the end of the experiment, the increase in carp live weight was 18.45 %. The research allows recommending the combined use of “Probiocid®- Phyto” (2 g/kg feed) and Zn UDP (10 mg/kg feed) as growth activators for common carp (Cyprinus carpio).
Comparative evaluation of the integrative parameters of the bone tissue of lower limbs of broiler chickens when using osteotropic additives in the diet
Authors: Semenenko Marina , Savinkov Alexey , Vinokurova Diana , Semenenko Ksenia , Kuzminova Elena , Osepchuk Denis
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of studies of the comparative assessment of the bone tissue integrative parameters of the lower limbs of broiler chickens of the Arbor Acres cross when using in their diet the drug siliostin and feed additives for correcting mineral metabolism – acidic calcium and bentonite clays of the Kantemirovskoye deposit of the Voronezh region. Based on the measurements of the width of the sum of the cortical zone of the diaphysis of the X-ray images of the bones, the assessment of its average brightness, as well as the assessment of the average brightness of the middle part of the bone, it was found that in hens and cocks of meat poultry during the period of intensive growth and development, the use of various feed mineral additives leads to unequal changes in the structure and degree of mineralization of the femur and tibia bones of the extremities. Moreover, the most stable positive picture of changes was noted in chickens treated with siliostin + acidic calcium. The absence of a stable picture from other radiological parameters should be considered as a part of complex biochemical processes in the body that accompany the growth and development of young poultry.
Scientifically based method for correcting the metabolic processes of highly productive cows in a biogeochemical province
Authors: Gertman Alexander , Maksimovich Dina
Published: December 2023

The present study describes the features of the metabolic processes correction in cows with clinical signs of microelementosis (hypocobaltosis, hypocuprosis, rumen acidosis) in the biogeochemical province of the Chelyabinsk region. Study of the anamnesis showed that the deficiency of essential microelements (copper, cobalt, zinc, manganese), excess of iron and the presence of heavy metals (nickel) in environmental objects (soil, water, feed), in the blood of animals, deficiency of sugar, vitamins and low sugar-protein ratio in the feed ration caused the metabolic disorders and diseases of non-contagious etiology (hypocobaltosis, hypocuprosis, rumen acidosis) in the body of highly productive cows. Presence of metabolic disorders was confirmed by the results of morpho- biochemical studies of the blood of cows. In accordance with the purpose of the work, two groups of cows (experimental and control) of the first lactation trimester, 10 heads each, were formed using the principle of analogues. Metabolic disorders in the experimental group of cows were corrected using a complex daily therapy that included beet molasses (1.5 kg in a 1:3 dilution), sunflower cake (1.5 kg), I-sak 1026 (YEA-SACC1026) yeast culture at the rate of 1 g per 1 ton of planned milk (5-7 g per head per day) and “targeted” mineral premix (salts of cobalt sulfate (760 mg), copper sulfate (570 mg), manganese sulfate (650 mg), zinc sulfate (450 mg)). The mineral enterosorbent Vitartil (0.1 g/kg of body weight) was applied daily, in cycles of 15 days with an interval of 15 days. The duration of the experiment was 45 days. Corrective treatment was not performed in the control group of animals. The level of essential microelements in the blood of experimental cows increased on the 45th day of the study, whereas the level of iron and the toxic element nickel decreased compared to the background and values of the control group. Correction of metabolic processes was accompanied by an increase in the content of hemoglobin, erythrocytes, glucose, total protein, albumins in the blood of cows, a decrease in transamination enzymes, proteins of the β-globulins and γ- globulins classes, normalization of the clinical status of animals, improvement of cicatricial digestion, an increase in milk productivity and reproductive ability of cows. The correction of metabolic processes, carried out in the experimental group, gave a positive effect, but did not lead to a complete normalization of the parameters characterizing all types of cow metabolism, so it is necessary to continue the treatment.
Polymorphism of the glutathioneperoxidase-1 gene (GPX-1 g. 189 T/C) and biochemical parameters of the blood serum of Holstein cattle
Authors: Safina Natalia , Shakirov Shamil , Gaynutdinova Elza , Mukhanina Ekaterina , Shayakhmetova Lilia , Bagavieva Elmira , Fattakhova Zilya , Akhmetov Tahir , Zagidullin Lenar , Haertdinov Ravil
Published: December 2023

The study examined the polymorphism of the glutathione peroxidase-1 gene (GPX-1, g. 189 T/C) effect on the GPx enzyme activity and biochemical parameters in the blood serum of Holstein cows of indigenous and foreign selection. The work was carried out in the Lenin Breeding Farm Integrated Agricultural Production Center (IAPC) and the Mukhametshin Z.Z. Peasant Farm Enterprise (PFE) of the Republic of Tatarstan. DNA genotyping by the locus of the Bos taurus GPX-1-Bsc4 I gene was performed by PCR-RFLP. As a result of genetic typing of cattle, 2 alleles (C and T) and 3 genotypes (CC, TC and TT) were identified. The classification carried out by PIC values in two populations of Holstein cattle showed that there is a moderate polymorphism of the GPX-1 gene. A negative inbreeding coefficient (F) indicates excessive outbreeding in both populations. In both populations, the numerical advantage of heterozygous genotype TC cows is 60.1 and 56.7 % of the total livestock. Indigenous breeding cows, compared with imported cattle had higher: GPx activity, AST, ALT, cholesterol level, total protein and albumin fraction. Analysis of the association between the GPX-1 gene polymorphism and the GPx enzyme level indicates that the activity of this enzyme varies depending on the genotype, and there is also a variation in the biochemical parameters of the Holstein cattle blood serum.
Membrane process for the extraction of casein and whey proteins from skim milk
Authors: Mamay Dmitriy , Babenyshev Sergey , Mamay Angelina
Published: December 2023

In deep processing of milk, microfiltration is used to isolate native micellar casein. The need to reduce its cost by increasing the efficiency of this process determines the relevance of research work in this area. The purpose of our research is to analyze the a priori information. This will determine the practical value and prospects of subsequent experimental determination of optimal parameters of the skim milk microfiltration process. The main steps of information search by keywords: selection of databases (Scopus, WOS, ScienceDirect, Googlescolar, etc.) and the most authoritative editions (J. of Dairy Science, J. Membrane Science, J. Membranes), where appearance of publications with practical application in the research subject is noted since 2007, bibliography analysis of scientific articles. Non-academic materials are excluded from the search because they lack full descriptions of research methods, which complicates the reproducibility of the presented results. Analysis of publications devoted to methods of increasing the efficiency of membrane separation of dairy raw materials showed that most of them are partial solutions to this problem. With the limitations - the properties of separation objects, membrane materials, types of apparatuses, etc. cause difficulties in the practical use of the results under changing physical and chemical characteristics of natural milk. But always the main operating parameters of the skim milk microfiltration process are the transmembrane pressure, the circulation rate of the separated system in the apparatus and its temperature. Optimal conditions of milk microfiltration for separation of native micellar casein should be sought experimentally on the basis of creating mathematical models of the process followed by their analysis by numerical methods, as the data given by the authors should be considered as indicative, depending on raw materials, membranes and separation technology.
Economic efficiency of using FSCD Bioactive Keratin for the productive qualities of silver foxes
Authors: Esepenok Konstantin , Zemtsova Lyudmila , Gorbacheva Maria
Published: December 2023

The article is focused on the economic efficiency of using the functional sulfur-containing feed additive Bioactive Keratin (FSCD Bioactive Keratin) for the productive qualities of silver foxes. It is established that the use of FSCD Bioactive Keratin in the amount of 0.2% of the daily norm of digestible protein led to a reliable increase in the following indicators for pelts from the experimental group: pelt area by 10%; hair density of silver fox pelts in average by 28.3% compared to the control group, as well as a decrease in the frequency of occurrence by 80% of such defects as hair breakage and piling, and as a consequence, to an increase in the percentage of scoring on quality by 22.1%. The use of FSCD Bioactive Keratin increases the cost of production of pelts in average by 0.58% with an increase in the area of pelts by 10%, an increase in profit of 500 rubles per one pelt, therefore, an increase in profitability by 21.5% compared to the control group.
Sorption capacity of ornamental herbaceous plants under conditions of soil contamination with lead
Authors: Frunze Oksana
Published: December 2023

The sorption capacity of some types of ornamental herbaceous plants was studied under conditions of controlled soil contamination with lead ions in order to obtain species-hyperaccumulators of heavy metals that can be recommended for phytoremediation of soils of technogenic environment. The concept of using plants to restore a polluted environment is not new. More than 300 years ago, plants were proposed to be used in wastewater treatment. The use of plants to restore the environment has been called “green reclamation”, “botanical bioremediation”, etc. In essence, phytoremediation includes a person's ability to enhance the natural inactivation or restoration of contaminated sites and, as a result, is a process that occupies an intermediate position between technical and natural restoration. Studies have shown that the greatest sorption capacity was noted in seedlings of Brassica napus L. and Ricinus commúnis L., the lowest sorption capacity was shown by seedlings of Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth. The lowest ability to accumulate heavy metal ions was shown by seedlings of Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth., whose metal transfer factor is 0.78, so we cannot recommend this type for the technology of phytoremediation of soils of the technogenic region. In Brassica napus L. and Ricinus commúnis L. the metal transfer factor for lead is almost equal to 1, which makes it possible to attribute this plant species to heavy metal hyperaccumulators and recommend it for use in phytoremediation technology of soils contaminated with lead ions.
Amur region in the structure of soybean production of the Russian Federation
Authors: Volkova Elena , Smolyaninova Natalia
Published: December 2023

Soybean is a unique oilseed crop of world importance, which has in its composition a high percentage of full-fledged protein, balanced with amino acids, fat and carbohydrates. Soybean is a universal agricultural crop of great food, fodder, technical and agrotechnical significance. In order to ensure the food security of each country and a world production as a whole, currently there goes a constant increase of the main indicators of the soybean market development. Russia has been a leader in soybean production for many years, being one of the top 10 producing countries. Dynamics analysis of the territorial structure of acreage, gross yields and soybean yields in Russia, the Far East and the Amur Region revealed the leading positions of the Amur Region in the country and within the Far Eastern Federal District. As of 2022, the Amur Region accounts for 69.2% of the acreage of the Far Eastern Federal District and 25.7% of the all- Russian acreage. The volume of gross soybean harvest in the Far East by more than 70% and by 27.6% in Russia is provided due to the production volumes of the Amur region. However, the analysis of the average yield of soybeans in the context of federal districts as of 2022 revealed the maximum yield level in the Southern Federal District - 20.4 centners /ha. In the Far Eastern Federal District, yields were lower than the national average by 0.8 centners /ha, which indicates the need for work to ensure the increase in the efficiency of soybean production technologies in the Russian Far East.
Operation features of the expert system for tree and shrub pruning
Authors: Logachev Maxim , Krylova Leliya
Published: December 2023

The article defines the importance of tree and shrub pruning for the environment of settlements and farms engaged in the cultivation of fruit plants. Such a process requires taking into account many parameters of both the plant itself and external conditions. This justifies the need to develop and use a software product capable of tracking over time the activities associated with pruning a plant and making recommendations to specialists for effective branch removal depending on the parameters of the setting. The problem domain has been analysed with the allocation of key parameters to create a formal model and a set of rules suitable for the use of object-orientated programming techniques. A user interface was created with the description of functional capabilities of the users of the developed software products.
Research into the influence of organic and inorganic compounds on the development of winter wheat
Authors: Zakharov Dmitry , Stepanova Eugenia , Paskhin Mark , Kazantseva Dina , Kosolapov Vladimir , Batalova Galina , Semenova Natalia , Glinushkin Alexey , Yanykin Denis
Published: December 2023

The paper present the historical scope of the triterpene acids usage in agriculture and industry. On the territory of the Russian Federation, according to data for 2023, 4 agrochemicals based on triterpene acids are registered: “Biosil”, “Alfastim”, “Verva”, “Novosil”. Experimental studies carried out in laboratory conditions using original techniques and GLP- practices allow to determine effective concentrations systematically improving the state of organs and tissues of cereals at different stages of ontogenesis. Both triterpene-containing and chelated forms of trace elements shown to affect the effective development of roots and stems. Work in this direction is laborious, however, it expands the variability of knowledge on crop quality and volume management and requires expanding of the research.
The influence of planting times on the formation of the root system of wheat varieties in the conditions of the Zarafshan valley
Authors: Tursunov Sh. , Bobomirzayev P. , Sanayev S. , Rizaev Sh. , Bobokulov Z.
Published: December 2023

In the article, the study of the underground organs of plants is of particular importance for solving important issues related to plant biology, ensuring the proper development of crops in agriculture, the interaction of plants with the habitat in the process of growth and development, and therefore the morphological structure (shape, formation) of the root plants in different soil conditions, etc.) are characterized by extreme diversity. The formation of the above-ground mass of plants depends on the growth of the root. Therefore, in our experiment, in addition to studying the development of the wheat root system, it is aimed at studying the patterns of its growth and development, its relationship with the aboveground parts of the earth, and, finally, the influence of planting dates. on the root system of various ecological conditions of the area. In our studies, the level of development of the root system of wheat varieties depends on its penetration into the soil, the root mass, the type of soil and its mechanical composition, the topography of the sowing field, the degree of erosion, and the depth of the soil. groundwater, plant species, variety, planting dates, norms, watering, diets. It has been established that the development and activity of the root system has a significant impact on the formation of wheat varieties. The article considers the influence of sowing time on the formation of the root system of durum wheat Krupinka and soft wheat variety Krasnodarskaya 99, included in the State Register of Agricultural Crops, and recommendations are given based on the results of the experiment.
Mathematical modeling of the impact of emergency situations on atmospheric air
Authors: Zaurbekova N.D. , Zaurbekov N.S. , Aidosov A. , Reginbayeva N.A. , Amanbayev A.A. , Zaurbekova G.N.
Published: December 2023

The aim of the work is to assess the impact of oil and gas industry production on the environment, taking into account emergency situations using mathematical modeling of the impact of emergency situations on atmospheric air. In order to solve this problem, the situation with fires in the oil and gas industry facility is considered. During the combustion of oil and gas, the contained carbon and hydrogen atoms are oxidized. In addition, there are some sulfur-, nitrogen-, oxygen-containing compounds in the oil. To determine the quantitative indicators of the formation and consumption of all substances involved in the process of obtaining energy from the combustion of oil and from the environment, the equations of material balance are used. In the case considered by us, the zone of active air pollution in case of an emergency fire of a gushing well does not exceed the sanitary protection zone of the 1st hazard class, despite the aeroclimatic conditions of the region. Keywords: emergency situation, mathematical modeling, atmospheric air, pollutants, emissions of pollutants, oil oxidation.
Current status and management for the sustainable mineral water resources on the Far East of Russia
Authors: Chelnokov George , Lavrushin Vasilii , Kharitonova Natalia , Pavlov Andrey
Published: December 2023

The Far East of Russia has many manifestations of mineral waters with a wide range of chemical compositions. About 50 mineral water sources have been developed as spas and health resorts, and more than 25 produce bottled mineral water. The basis for resource assessment is data taken from about 150 mineral water fields and occurrences located all over the region. Data from different sources—natural springs and wells— has been summarized and analyzed. The details of the chemical composition of the different types of mineral waters and some geological aquifer peculiarities are described. The most widely used classification of mineral waters is presented. The present condition of these waters and the government standards laid down for their use are described. Examples of different mineral waters are given.
The relationship of water transparency, the degree of overgrowth of different types of lakes of the Ivano-Arakhleya system as a basis for monitoring and forecasting the ecological situation of the Baikal natural territory
Authors: Matafonov P.V. , Bazarova B.B. , Matyugina E.B. , Mikheev I.E.
Published: December 2023

Previously, a hypothesis was put forward about a change in the degree of hydrophicity of lakes under the influence of fluctuations in the level. At the same time, the direct abiotic factors leading to ecosystem changes are the illumination of the soil and the level of its wind resuspending. At the same time, there were no empirical correlations between these indicators in relation to the lakes of the Ivano-Arachley system. In this work, based on the study of the lakes of the Ivano-Arakhley system, during the period of extremely low water content, a correlation is shown between the depth of macrophyte growth and the transparency of water at a damage of 0.96 (p=0.002). Factor analysis by the method of principal components showed a high positive relationship with the morphometric parameters of the ecosystem and the degree of openness of the reservoir. The relationship between the depth of vegetation distribution, water transparency, the ratio of depth, lake area expressed in terms of the coefficient of openness must be taken into account when planning activities on lakes that can affect vegetation or water transparency.
Bacteria in the produced water and wastewater samples from the oil industry
Authors: Ziganshina Elvira , Ziganshin Ayrat
Published: December 2023

Today, studying the diversity of microbial communities associated with samples of highly mineralized oil industry waters is expanding our knowledge of the ecology of polyextremophilic microorganisms. During this work, samples of produced water and wastewater from the oil industry were thoroughly analyzed. The analyzed waters were characterized by very high concentrations of Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and Cl– ions. Furthermore, enriched and pure bacterial cultures from oilfield waters were obtained. Additionally, enriched cultures were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene on the Illumina platform. Among the representatives of the studied bacterial communities, members of the genera Halomonas, Marinobacter, Modicisalibacter, Bacillus, Clostridium, Prauserella, and Rubrobacter were identified. They can be considered for various biotechnological applications.
Physico-chemical characteristics of cannabis seed oil (Cannabis sativa L.) from different varieties grown in the conditions of the Syrdarya region
Authors: Mamadaliev A.N. , Kushiev Kh.Kh. , Atabaev S.M.
Published: December 2023

The article considers the physico-chemical composition of cold pressed hemp oil from different varieties to ensure food safety and choose the most promising variety for cultivation in the conditions of Syrdarya region. The content of cold pressing oil in technical cannabis seeds (Cannabis sativa L) from three different varieties of Felina 32, Santica 27 and Rodnik, grown in the Syrdarya region, ranged from 29.1% to 31.70%. The protein, ash and moisture content was 23.44-26.95, 4.95-6.10 and 7.66-8.10 per cent, respectively. Some other physico-chemical results were: moisture 0.10-0.13, iodine number 148-160; density (25°C) 0.9150-0.9250 mg/ml ; acid value 1.22-1.76 mg KOH/g; peroxide value 5.5-7.8 meq O2/kg. It has been found that the investigated fatty acids hemp oils contain Linoleic acid(C18:2((cis-9,12) 54.15-59.48%, palmitic acid(C16:0), Palmitoleic acid ((C16:1(cis-10), stearic acid (C18:0), Acid (Behc8:0), Acid (C20:20:0), Archicic acid (C1:20:0:0:0), Acid (C8:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:8:8:8:0) (C22:1(cis-22:1(cis-13)) и Lignoceric acid (C24:0): 5.85-7.82, 0.10-0.18, 2.78-3.25, 11.80-12.65, 0.55-0.86, 0.20-0.32, 0.02-0.09, и 0.085-0.15 %, respectively. Flavonoids, rutins, quercetin and gallic acid were found to be 0.1-0.8, 0.5-0.12 and 1.2-2.4 mg/l. The following elements of calcium(Cd), iron(Fe), magnesium(Mg), sodium(Na), zinc(Zn), cadmium(Cd), and mercury(Hg) have been identified as 1.1-1.8, 0.4-0.9, 0.3-0.7, 0.08-0.15, 0.06-0.11 mg/100g. The results of this analytical study compared to the results found in the literature on hemp oils showed that technical cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) for Uzbekistan is a potentially valuable non-traditional oil crop.
Studying of Polymorphism of Some Grain Crop from GenBank Collection of Armenia
Authors: Harutyunyan Zara , Badalyan Manvel , Vardanian Iryna , Hoveyan Zaruhi , Barseghyan Andranik , Melikyan Andreas
Published: December 2023

During the research, 15 genotypes of grain crop (4 spiecies of Hordeum and 11 of Triticum) from the genbank collection of the Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology were studied. The gluten locus of all studied cultivated and wild species is polymorphic consisting of GluA, GluB, GluC, GluD, GluE alleles. Moreover, GluB, GluC and GluD alleles have the highest meeting frequency, it is 82.35%. The GluE allele has the lowest frequency of occurrence at 41.17%. The following genotypes were formed in the gluten locus: GluAA, AB, BB, BC, CC, CD, DE, EE, EF, the frequency of which is equal to 47.05, 29.53, 70.58, 82.35, 76.47, 17.65, 52.94, 35.29, 23.53 and 23.53%. The highest frequency was recorded for GluBC genotype (82.35%), and the lowest for GluAB, EE, EF (25.53%) genotypes. In the studied species of wild barley, homozygosity is 60-100%, in the case of wild wheat - 66.7-71.42%. Indicators are close to the genetic makeup of free-breeding populations. It ranges from 50-80% in wheat amphidiploids and 25-60% in non-amphidiploids. The genetic similarity index of wild barley species ranges from 0.488 to 0.648, which indicates a unique and rich biodiversity. Meanwhile, it is quite high (r=0.844) in wild types of wheat. For amphidiploid x wild einkorn wheat, it is 0.982-0.982. In other cases, the genetic similarity index ranges from 0.488 to 0.648.
Creation of the Chkalovsky Agro(bio)technopark in order to realize the agricultural potential of the technical university
Authors: Papaskiri Timur , Lipski Stanislav , Ananicheva Ekaterina
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes how a modern engineering university, part of the system of agricultural universities, will be able to realize its agricultural potential. The main direction for this, the authors see, is the creation of an Agro(bio)technopark of the same name on the basis of the Chkalovsky geodetic testing area. As part of the scientific work, the main directions of its activities, current tasks for creation are presented, and it is also indicated what place this strategic university project will take among these currently implemented projects, to what extent it has been worked out and justified from an economic point of view.
Efficiency of microfertilizer application to medicinal plants grown under conditions of southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia
Authors: Zharkova Natalia
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of studies on the effectiveness of mineral fertilizers (zinc and copper) in the cultivation of perennial medicinal crops (Achillea millefoliumL.,Tanacetum vulgareL.,Echinacea purpureaL.) on meadow-chernozem soil in the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia. It was found that the most effective forAchillea millefoliumwas the application of copper fertilizers in the soil at a dose of Cu9.7, providing an increase in yield by 43.2 % relative to background; forTanacetum vulgare –zinc fertilizers at a dose of Zn60(+42.9 % relative to background) and forEchinacea purpureacopper fertilizers at a dose of Cu9.4(+60.3 % relative to background).
Resource-saving technology of animal fats production: scientific and practical approaches and technological advantages
Authors: Gorbacheva Maria , Tarasov Vasily , Belevtsova Daria , Esepenok Konstantin
Published: December 2023

Specificity of technological cycle of processing of fat raw materials of animal origin lies in the fact that in the process it is possible to receive not only the main commodity product in the form of melted fat, but also secondary products of production, which include unique and valuable in their properties biologically active substances. The present work is devoted to the development of technology of complex processing of fat raw material, by the example of raw fat of ostrich, which allows to increase the fat yield and minimize production waste. The objects of research were: melted fat of ostrich and products of its processing (greaves and protein hydrolysate), obtained by melting in water (control) and catholite under given conditions and parameters. It is shown that fat melted in catholite is characterized by low values of acid, peroxide and anisidine numbers in comparison with the control. It is established that at processing of fat in catholyte its yield even at the temperature of 55°C was over 64.0%, and at heating up to 100°C - 86.6%. It is argued that realization of repeated melt-out, stipulated by technological solutions, reduces risks of formation of significant amount of fat and protein wastes. It is determined that at repeated consecutive melting of protein fraction with temperature increase up to 75°С and 100°С the percentage of fat yield increases by 11.6 and 19.5 %, respectively. The established dependencies formed the basis for the creation of a technological line for processing of fat raw materials. It is proved that the developed technology of ostrich fat extraction with replacement of aqueous phase by catholyte in the process of fat extraction provides obtaining of fat with a given melting point and qualitative characteristics and can be applied for processing of easily melting animal fats.
Economic efficiency of production of pate from reindeer by-products
Authors: Gorbacheva Maria , Esepenok Konstantin , Skvortsova Olga , Strepetova Oksana
Published: December 2023

This work is devoted to the analysis and justification of the economic feasibility of producing pate from reindeer by-products (heart and liver) according to the developed recipe. In the Russian market, increasing attention is paid not only to reindeer meat, but also to by-products obtained from the slaughter of the animal. By-products, as a source of animal protein, vitamins and minerals necessary for nutrition and easily digestible by the human body, are used in the manufacturing of a wide range of products. Owing to the involvement of side resources in the manufacturing of meat products, in particular such as the heart and liver of reindeer, there are prerequisites for improving the quality of nutrition of the population of the Far North. When calculating the costs of producing 100 kg of pate, it was determined that the total cost of pate, which included the costs of raw materials, auxiliary materials, electricity, labor, social needs and overhead costs, amounted to 53,948.05 rubles. The analysis of economic calculations showed that the planned level of production profitability of pate from reindeer by-products will be 15%. The profit of production of 600 kg of pate is 8,092.20 rubles, and the profit per unit of finished product is 13.35 rubles, which confirms the feasibility and efficiency of the production of the proposed pate using meat processing by-products. Inclusion of such by-products as heart and liver, as well as deer fat, into the recipe made it possible not only to obtain a product with high nutritional value, but to reduce the cost of raw materials, thereby reducing the cost of production and increasing the level of profitability.
Water consumption of corn for grain depending on the predecessor and fertilizers used using strip-til technology
Authors: Aksenov M.P. , Petrov N.Yu. , Belyaev A.I. , Petrov Yu.N.
Published: December 2023

In the Volgograd region, 3-year field experiments were carried out on chernozem soils of cultivating corn for grain using the resource-saving Strip-til technology. The two-factor experiments made it possible to establish the optimal precursor for corn for grain and fertilizer application rates. The crop predecessor was taken as factor A (A1 - winter wheat, A2 - corn for grain, A3 - sunflower), and the use of fertilizers was taken as factor B (B1 - N50P16K16, B2 - N32P32K32). The maximum yield was noted for the predecessor winter wheat against the background of fertilizers N50P16K16 - 6.12 t/ha, in the variants for all predecessors when applying fertilizers, more economical water consumption was established, moisture was spent most efficiently to create 1 ton of yield in the variant with the predecessor winter wheat against the background of fertilizers N50P16K16 -443.51 m3/t. Ineffective moisture consumption was established for the predecessor sunflower on an unfertilized background - 973.67 m3/t.