bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Grindrod Karen
Published: February 2015

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common condition. There are an estimated 3 million cases in the UK. Of these, 2 million have not got a formal diagnosis. Community nurses meet patients with COPD frequently, although COPD may not be the primary reason for the encounter, or the COPD may be present but undiagnosed. The number of patients with COPD is believed to be increasing and, with increased awareness of the condition and an emphasis on improving diagnosis, the number of cases is expected to rise. Community nurses are well placed to raise concerns that a patient in their care may have undiagnosed COPD; if the condition is subsequently diagnosed and appropriate treatment is given, outcomes will improve for that individual. Community nurses can also support patients and their families to manage the condition through all stages of the disease trajectory, from diagnosis to the end-of-life phase.
Managing and teaching intermittent catheterisation
Authors: Mangnall Joanne
Published: February 2015

Intermittent catheterisation provides a safe and effective alternative to indwelling catheterisation for many patients who require bladder drainage. It can be undertaken by health professionals in a variety of clinical settings for a range of clinical indications and, more commonly, by patients themselves. This article will consider intermittent catheterisation, its indications as a bladder drainage technique and considerations for community nurses when teaching the technique.
Chronic kidney disease: supporting at-risk and diagnosed patients
Authors: Mendes Aysha
Published: February 2015

Aysha Mendes discusses the effects of chronic kidney disease and points out the indispensable role that community nurses can play in terms of prevention, diagnosis, treatment and helping patients to live with the disease
The development of the paediatric nurse specialist
Authors: Jones Sue
Published: February 2015

Paediatric nurse specialists have, in the past, pioneered new roles in response to clients' needs. As a result, clinical practice and the service provided to families have been innovatory. Future paediatric nurse specialists will continue to lead and develop clinical practice through audit and research.
Research in nursing: developing a conceptual approach
Authors: Nolan Mike , Behi Ruhi
Published: February 2015

This article, the first in an ongoing series on research in nursing, argues that research, like nursing, is best understood by the practical application of ideas, but that action should not be taken until at least a basic research appreciation or literacy is attained.
Feeding habit and length weight relationship of keureling fish, Tor tambra Valenciennes, 1842 (Cyprinidae) from the western region of Aceh Province, Indonesia
Authors: MUCHLISIN ZAINAL A. , BATUBARA AGUNG S. , AZIZAH MOHD N. SITI , ADLIM MUHAMMAD , HENDRI AFRIZAL , FADLI NUR , MUHAMMADAR ABDULLAH A. , SUGIANTO SUGIANTO
Published: February 2015

Muchlisin ZA, Batubara AS, Siti-Azizah MN, Adlim M, Hendri A, Fadli N, Muhammadar AA, Sugianto S. 20015. Feedinghabit and length weight relationship of keureling fish, Tor tambra Valenciennes, 1842 (Cyprinidae) from the western region of Aceh Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 16: 89-94. The objective of the present study was to describe the aspects of feeding habit and lengthweightrelationship of keureling fish Tor tambra, this information is crucial to plan a conservation startegy for this species. A series ofsamples were taken between June and September 2012 and February 2014 in the two main rivers of western Aceh i.e. the Sikundo andNagan Rivers. A total of 48 and 38 fish were caught during the study in Nagan and Sikundo Rivers, respectively. Stomach contentanalysis suggested that freshwater green algae and earthworms were the main food items for T. tambra, indicating an omnivorousfeeding habit. In addition, the length-weight relationship revealed that T. tambra has an allometric negative growth pattern from allpopulations, and the condition factors indicate the rivers are still in good condition and support fish life.
The role of formal and informal networks in supporting older people’s care during extreme weather events
Authors: Wistow Jonathan , Dominelli Lena , Oven Katie , Dunn Christine , Curtis Sarah
Published: February 2015

We use theories of formal and informal networks of care, within a local governance system, to interpret networks supporting older people during extreme weather events. Drawing on international literatures about network governance and emergency management this paper outlines an approach which considers the views of older people and service providers to explore resilience of infrastructures and service agencies. During emergencies, links between different networks of care are important to avoid discontinuities that could endanger older people’s health and well-being. This paper explores the scope to draw on local knowledge and local caring networks to inform preparedness for extreme weather.
Governing at arm’s length: eroding or enhancing democracy?
Authors: Durose Catherine , Justice Jonathan , Skelcher Chris
Published: February 2015

This review article debates the democratic consequences of arm’s length governance challenging the prevailing view that its use is necessarily counter-democratic and a poor substitute for direct control by elected politicians. The article explores the roots of the dominant ‘democratic deficit’ perspective on arm’s length bodies in the agency problems generated by political delegation, but also addresses the potential for democratic enhancement posed by the different theoretical lens of polycentrism. The article considers the conditions that are necessary to activate citizens to engage with arm’s length governance. Our conclusion develops the normative implications for the design of public governance.
La economía del deseo: La ropa, la mujer y el mercado en La de Bringas y Sister Carrie
Authors: Backes Heidi
Published: February 2015

Resumen: El fin del siglo XIX, según lo pintan el autor español Benito Pérez Galdós y el autor estadounidense Theodore Dreiser, era un período de deseo creciente, alimentado por una estructura capitalista cada vez más dominante que influía en sociedades a ambos lados del Atlántico. El presente artículo explora la atracción poderosa del consumismo en las vidas de las protagonistas de La de Bringas y Sister Carrie , demostrando los efectos de esta “economía del deseo” en sus narrativas notablemente semejantes. Ambas mujeres, obligadas por sus propios deseos, se sacrifican al mercado masculino, así objetivándose en su búsqueda de posesiones materiales. Abstract: The late 19th century as described by Spanish author Benito Pérez Galdós and American author Theodore Dreiser was a period of burgeoning desire, fueled by an increasingly dominant capitalist structure that influenced societies on both sides of the Atlantic. The present article explores the powerful draw of consumerism in the lives of the female protagonists of La de Bringas and Sister Carrie , demonstrating the effects of this “economy of desire” in their remarkably similar narratives. Both women, compelled by their own desires, sacrifice themselves to the male-dominated market, thereby objectifying themselves in their quest for material possessions.
El caballero encantado , una obra iniciática de la Belle Époque
Authors: Saleh Fabio García
Published: February 2015

Resumen: El caballero encantado es una obra iniciática bajo la forma de una novela, cuyos argumento y personajes han sido creados a partir de la alquimia, la masonería, las fábulas caballerescas y los cuentos de hadas. Galdós se valió de estos elementos esotéricos, característicos de la Belle Epoque , para realizar una crítica social del sistema político de la Restauración. Abstract: El caballero encantado is a work of esoteric initiation, beneath the form of a novel, whose plot and characters stem from the discourse of alchemy, Freemasonry chivalric romance, and fairy tales. Galdós utilized these esoteric elements, prominent in the Belle Epoque , to carry out a critique of the social and political realities of the Restoration.
La Líder : Developing a Leadership Identity as a Hispanic Woman at a Hispanic-Serving Institution
Authors: Onorato Suzanne , Musoba Glenda Droogsma
Published: February 2015

Institutions of higher education are uniquely positioned to educate tomorrow’s leaders and initiate change in the number and ethnic diversity of women in leadership roles. The purpose of our study was to understand the essence of Hispanic college women’s leadership identity development with participants and researchers co-constructing meaning. We used individual and group interviews with 11 Hispanic women student leaders at a public, 4-year Hispanic-serving institution in the Southeast. The findings and recommendations suggest administrative and academic members of the academy need to consider ethnicity and gender as well as the biases that still exist in leadership paradigms for further research and programming.
College Student Motivation to Lead in Relation to Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Leadership Self-Efficacy
Authors: Cho YoonJung , Harrist Steve , Steele Misty , Murn Lindsay T.
Published: February 2015

We investigated basic need satisfaction and leadership self-efficacy as psychological antecedents of college students’ motivation to lead (MTL), while controlling for individual differences by gender and academic class. Preliminary analyses revealed significant gender differences with males scoring higher than females on calculative MTL and classification differences with seniors scoring higher on affective-identity MTL compared to less advanced students in college. When these demographic differences were controlled for, need satisfaction for competence was significantly associated with all 3 types of MTL through the mediation effect of leadership self-efficacy. Need satisfaction for relatedness was significantly associated with social-normative MTL and calculative MTL.
“Never a Better Home”: Growing Up in American Orphanages, 1920–1970
Authors: Søland Birgitte
Published: February 2015

For more than a century public discourse, at least in the Western world, has been practically unanimous in its condemnation of orphanages as institutions. Branded as cold, impersonal settings, characterized by rigid rules, regimentation, and lack of attention to children’s individual needs, orphanages have represented the antithesis of ideal, twentieth-century childrearing. Yet, the recollection of individuals who grew up in such institutions often tell a very different story. This article is based on approximately 140 oral history interviews conducted with men and women who spent at least part of their childhood in American orphanages in the Midwest between 1920 and 1970. It seeks to explore the memories of adults who grew up in these maligned institutions, not to determine what it was like to come of age in an orphanage, but to identify the conditions, structures, and relationships that individuals with generally positive memories found critical to their personal well-being when forced to grow up outside the family.
“A Real Home”: Children, Family, Mission, and the Negotiation of Life at the Kumi Children’s Leper Home in Colonial Uganda
Authors: Vongsathorn Kathleen
Published: February 2015

When missionaries founded the Kumi Children’s Leper Home in 1930, they perceived the home as an unusual opportunity to mold long-term child residents into civilized citizens of the British Empire, away from the influence of their “primitive” parents. From the perspective of child patients and their relatives, the home was a free school that offered opportunities for advancement. This article explores the dissonance between the vision and the reality of life in the children’s home, focusing on the negotiations that occurred between child leprosy patients, their families, and missionaries as each pursued their own priorities, whether for health, education, economic gain, civilization, or Christianity. In so doing, it makes a contribution to the small but growing field of colonial childhood.
Remembering the Ghent Orphan Houses: A Never-Ending Contested Space
Authors: De Wilde Lieselot , Vanobbergen Bruno
Published: February 2015

Our study of Ghent orphanages as a closed space initially led to a (re) construction of this educational site by contextualizing it in time and space. Through oral history research we found that the history of the Ghent orphan houses is still very much alive. Now, the former orphans control and manage the passing on and remembrance of their history. This paper provides an insight into this process by analyzing two sites—a Facebook group and the former orphan league—identifying the contestation that arises in their quest for the truth and recognition about their “mutual” past and the way(s) in which their histories should be remembered.
Locating Foster Care: Place and Space in Care Leavers’ Childhood Memories
Authors: Musgrove Nell
Published: February 2015

In Australia, as in a number of other nations, personal testimony has played a central role in achieving formal recognition of the great damage done by child welfare policies and practices of the past. Over time, public narratives have emerged around the experiences of particular groups—Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, people sent to Australia as child migrants, people who grew up in institutions, and families separated through adoption—yet within these, voices from people who experienced foster care have been largely absent despite their constituting a significant portion of people who grew up in out-of-home “care.” This article uses testimonies submitted to one of Australia’s national inquiries into historical child welfare systems to explore the roles that place and space play in these accounts of out-of-home care. It argues that collective memories of foster care in Australia have developed more slowly than those tied to institutions and that this can be partly explained by the fundamentally different ways in which survivors of each type of care have been able to engage with the physical locations of their childhoods—be they remembered or actually revisited.
Institutionalized Childhood: The Orphanage Remembered
Authors: Swain Shurlee
Published: February 2015

In memories of institutionalized childhoods the physical shape of the orphanage looms large. Constructed with the dual, and often conflicting, goals of containing and controlling children and impressing potential donors, institutional buildings provided a space in which childhoods were constructed, not only by the planners and administrators but by the children themselves. Grandiose entrances often disguised an inner penury, and, even in institutions ostensibly designed to be “home”-like, the demands of efficiency produced spaces that were anything but domestic. Drawing on published memoirs, oral histories, and the testimonies presented to recent Australian inquiries into the experiences of children who grew up in out-of-home care, this article explores orphanages and related institutions both as represented spaces and as spaces of representation. It argues that although orphanages were efficient but soulless environments that all too often harbored spaces of both physical and sexual abuse, the children, as individuals or as parts of groups, also shaped these environments, investing them with meaning never anticipated by their founders.
Lewis Carroll’s Dream-child and Victorian Child Psychopathology
Authors: Schatz Stephanie L.
Published: February 2015

This essay reads Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland (1865) alongside influential mid-century Victorian psychology studies—paying special attention to those that Carroll owned—in order to trace the divergence of Carroll’s literary representations of the “dream child” from its prevailing medical association with mental illness. The goals of this study are threefold: to trace the medico-historical links between dream-states and childhood, to investigate the medical reasons behind the pathologization of dream-states, and to understand how Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland contributed to Victorian interpretations of the child’s mind.
Logic, Psychology, and Apperception: Charles S. Peirce and Johann F. Herbart
Authors: Bellucci Francesco
Published: February 2015

Since his first writings, C. S. Peirce defended an unpsychological approach to logic. His authority was J. F. Herbart, who in his Lehrbuch zur Einleitung in die Philosophie had affirmed that “in logic it is necessary to ignore everything that is psychological.” This would become a standard reference for Peirce’s philosophy of logic. Moreover, it was from Herbart’s conception of apperception that Peirce inherited the “synechistic” law of mind first exposed in 1892. This paper explores Peirce’s lifelong “Herbartian” antipsychologism, reviews Herbart’s notion of apperception and indicates its significance for Peirce’s law of mind.
The Royal Red-Headed Variant: The Prisoner of Zenda and the 1893 Heredity Debates
Authors: Niemeyer Paul J.
Published: February 2015

The Prisoner of Zenda (1894) was conceived and written as the “heredity debates” between Herbert Spencer and August Weismann raged in the popular press. This “light” adventure novel can be seen as being influenced by Weismann in that the hero benefits from unchanging heredity traits that allow him to take the place of his distant cousin, a king, and rescue him from his captors. What is more, Rudolf Rassendyll springs from “hybrid” blood, which runs counter to much Victorian thinking that hybrids were inclined to weakness. The novel succeeds in championing the role of women as proper guardians of biological inheritances; in demonstrating that the “hybrid” Britons—a mixture of Anglo-Saxons and others—are the ideal “breed” for meeting the needs of the upcoming twentieth century; and in revitalizing the otherwise masculine genre of the New Romance.
Tragic-Dialectical-Perfectionism: On the Ethics of Beckett’s Endgame
Authors: Ware Ben
Published: February 2015

This essay explores the ethical dimensions of Samuel Beckett’s Endgame , in spite of—indeed, because of—the play’s apparent negation of all positive talk of human value and community. In the first part of the paper, I examine Stanley Cavell’s suggestion, put forward in his Carus Lectures of 1988, that Beckett’s play can be read as a work that embodies and develops the idea of Emersonian moral perfectionism. In part two, I turn the tables somewhat. After demarcating some of the social limits of Cavell’s ethical outlook, I then ask what it might mean to rediscover perfectionism in a more politicized form, something that I attempt to do via an exploration of the tragic dimensions of Beckett’s play. While retaining some important features of Cavell’s “thematics of perfectionism,” this approach aims at the same time to move beyond it in order to grasp how Endgame might, in Beckett’s own words, provide “an inkling of the terms in which our [human] condition is to be thought again.”
Measuring the Academic Impact of Libraries
Authors: Allison DeeAnn
Published: February 2015

University and college libraries often seek ways to demonstrate their impact for the academic community. This article reports the results from a two-year study that analyzed library use as demonstrated through checkouts and off-campus access to full-text resources against grade point averages (GPAs) of undergraduates and graduates at a large Midwestern library. The study found that undergraduates with a GPA above the mean university GPA used the library more than those with a GPA below the mean. There was a correlation between greater use of the library and increases in GPA between the two years—that is, as one grew, so did the other. The study also showed that students who checked out materials in one year returned for additional checkouts.
Pausing at the Threshold
Authors: Morgan Patrick K.
Published: February 2015

Since about 2003, the notion of threshold concepts—the central ideas in any field that change how learners think about other ideas—have become difficult to escape at library conferences and in general information literacy discourse. Their visibility will likely only increase because threshold concepts figure prominently in the Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education, still under development by the Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL). Nevertheless, few scholars have critically considered the wider intellectual ramifications of certain assumptions fundamental to threshold concepts in library and information literacy instruction. This paper is an initial attempt to promote such discussions.
Google vs. the Library (Part III): Assessing the Quality of Sources Found by Undergraduates
Authors: Georgas Helen
Published: February 2015

This study assesses and compares the quality of sources found by undergraduate students when doing research using both Google and a library (federated) search tool. Thirty undergraduates were asked to find four sources (one book, two articles, and one additional source of their choosing) related to a selected research topic. Students used both Google and a federated search (resource discovery) tool to find material they believed to be relevant. Each source was evaluated for topic relevance, authority, appropriateness, and date, and assigned a total quality score. Results showed that the books found via Google were slightly higher quality than those uncovered via the federated search tool. The articles and additional sources students found via the federated search tool were slightly to moderately higher quality, respectively, than those discovered via Google.
The Future of Reading and Academic Libraries
Authors: Durant David M. , Horava Tony
Published: February 2015

The e-book is raising fundamental questions around the dynamics and habits of reading; the role of books in the academic library; and the role of librarians in addressing new realities of reading and learning. Print and digital texts foster different styles of reading and different ways of thinking and doing research. This paper examines implications of the shift from print to digital reading and how academic libraries in particular should respond. Academic libraries should treat print and electronic books as complementary, not interchangeable, and commit themselves to maintaining hybrid collections that support the full range of learning and research styles.
Baptism, Conversion, and Selfhood in the Old English Andreas
Authors: Reading Amity
Published: February 2015

The passions and baptisms of the Old English Andreas signal the poem’s numerous conversions. Although Andreas clearly narrates the conversion of others (by the poem’s end, Andrew has converted and baptized the pagan cannibals of Mermedonia), it simultaneously narrates a conversion of the self : Andrew is depicted as a saint in doubt, whose ‘education’ over the course of the poem models for the generic Christian audience the need for perpetual reform of the self. Even the already baptized Christian, even the saint, must be continually ‘turning’ himself toward God, a process that is repeatedly performed in the poem’s cyclical deaths and resurrections. As Andrew’s mission implies, however, the conversion of the Christian self is not an exclusively interior process, but instead must manifest itself in action that serves the spiritual benefit of other selves and of the community to which each individual belongs.
Riddling Meaning from Old English - haga Compounds
Authors: Massey Jeff , DeGruy Karma
Published: February 2015

Although the Anglo-Saxon compound anhaga (appearing in Beowulf, The Wanderer, Andreas, Elene, Phoenix, Maxims II , and Riddle 5 of the Exeter Book ) is often translated as “loner” or “solitary one,” such paraphrases seem to ignore half of the compound ( an : “one” or “lone”) at the expense of the other ( haga : “hedge” or “haw”). A survey of various -haga compounds ( gemærhaga, swinhaga, turfhaga, wighaga, cumbolhaga, bordhaga , and færhaga ) underscores the importance of both elements and suggests that modern translators place more emphasis upon the “hedge” half of anhaga as well. Since haga may describe the Anglo-Saxon shield-wall formation composed of individual shield-bearers arranged in a tight formation akin to that of a horticultural hedgerow, we suggest a translation of anhaga as “lone hedge warrior” or “solitary shield-bearer,” a designation akin to those of shield-bearing Greek hoplites (named for their unit’s defining defensive armament, the hoplon ) and American G.I.s (named for their common “general issue” or “government issue” military equipment). Yet unlike these soldiers, to be named anhaga identified the Germanic warrior as a particularly solitary figure, one separated from the wighaga (battle-hedge), and thus a soldier without support: a “lone hedge warrior.”
“Give the Reason for the Hope that you Have”: Reginald Pecock’s Challenge to (Non)Disputing Lollards
Authors: Lewis Anna
Published: February 2015

Medieval scholars are in broad agreement about Lollardy’s academic roots and its familiarity with disputational techniques; contemporaries also recognized these characteristics of the movement. It is surprising, then, to find that Bishop Reginald Pecock, the most vocal and persistent of Lollardy’s fifteenth-century opponents, accused Lollards of resisting sincere, reasonable, and academically informed debate and of refusing to offer a clear defense of their own opinions. This article considers how and why Pecock made this unusual accusation. It examines Pecock’s view of the “processes” of reason and suggests that, by characterizing Lollards as those who reject these processes, Pecock was able to clearly distinguish his own theological project from theirs. Pecock’s project, outlined in his written works, encompasses education, Christian community, and church renewal, and places debate and discussion at its center. By emphasizing Lollard refusal to engage in true and earnest discussion, Pecock tapped into a tradition that identified a failure to clearly communicate as a mark of the heretic’s isolation from the wider Christian community. Pecock’s vision, by way of contrast, actively promotes an alternative communal model of lay learning that fosters orthodoxy and respect between clergy and laity.
“What shalt thou do when thou hast an english to make into Latin?”: The Proverb Collection of Cambridge, St. John’s College, MS F.26
Authors: Bellis Joanna , Bridges Venetia
Published: February 2015

This article considers proverbs used as translation sentences, in the context of the teaching of Latin in the medieval schoolroom. Its enquiry focuses in particular on one folio of such latinitates , in Cambridge, St. John’s College, MS F.26 (with further discussion of Cambridge, University Library MS Additional 2830). Its argument concerns, first, the question of what happens to the nature of proverbial wisdom when modulated from the (supposedly) oral, vernacular, folk context of its primary application, to the secondary (supposedly) written, Latinate, authoritative context of the classroom; when common, workaday wisdom shares the pedagogical page with Cato. Second, it extrapolates from this example to trouble the assumptions that still cling so tenaciously to this linguistic binary, arguing that presuppositions that Latin was not oral, vernacular, or homespun, or conversely that English was not written, authoritative, or bookish, are spurious. Finally, it considers the same proverbs that appear here as translation sentences when they are incorporated elsewhere into poetry, pondering the comparable ways in which that genre used them to construct authority, vernacularity, and orality.
Constraining an open-ended design task by interpreting sources of inspiration
Authors: Laamanen Tarja-Kaarina , Seitamaa-Hakkarainen Pirita
Published: February 2015

In the field of design, the challenge in the ideation process is determining how to balance between constraining a task and at the same time creating new paths for expression. The focus of this article is on students’ idea generation process during the module of their textile design learning in a higher-education programme. In the module, students completed an open-ended design assignment. The assignment encouraged reflective insights about individual and shared practices and emphasized material experimentation during the ideation process. The data were drawn from interviews, essays, diaries and observations of real-time processes. This article reports students’ ways of interpreting sources of inspiration, related constraining processes and students’ reflections.
African Grace in Central Australia: Community choirs, reconciliation and intercultural performance
Authors: Rickwood Julie
Published: February 2015

The ‘African Grace’ concert in May 2011 brought together the Grammy Award winning Soweto Gospel Choir from South Africa and a number of community choirs from Central Australia. After a week of encounter and exchange, the combined choirs performed a concert at the Araluen Centre in Alice Springs which presented a powerful statement of intercultural engagement and collaboration. This article explores the historical, cultural, social and musical circumstances in Central Australia that enabled this to occur. It provides a brief outline of the community music and reconciliation movements in Australia and the musical expression of reconciliation. The regional context and a descriptive analysis of African Grace and its contribution to the evolving nature of intercultural choral engagement in Central Australia are its focus. In conclusion, the article considers the potential to shift the conceptualization of intercultural engagement beyond the notion of reconciliation to one of relation.
Effect of thiazolidinediones on insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk factors
Authors: Demidova T Yu , Erokhina E N
Published: February 2015

The development of new, more effective ways of multivariate control of type 2 diabetes is currently the most important problem of endocrinology. This is caused by a high prevalence of this disease in the population, as well as a significant risk of complications leading to early morbidity and mortality of patients. Clinical management of patients with type 2 diabetes should be based on a thorough study of the mechanisms of this disease in order to correct the basic pathogenetic defects.
World endocrinology news
Authors: Berkovskaya M A
Published: February 2015

The role of interleukin-6 in insulin resistance, body fat distribution and energy balance Disorders of glucose metabolism and risk of oral cancer. Duration of lactation is associated with lower prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in midlife--SWAN, the study of women's health across the nation. Vitamin D deficiency and risk of cardiovascular disease. Adypocyte prolactin: regulation of release and putative functions.
Identification and analysis of noise sources in the Noor-Abad gas compressor station, Iran
Authors: Mohammadi Nader , Mohammadi Kami
Published: February 2015

The objective of this study is to identify the sources of acoustic noise (noise pollution) in the Noor-Abad gas compressor station and then to prioritize the station equipment based on noise pollution. First, the key locations inside the station as well as in the surrounding residential area, aka the study area, are determined for the measurement of sound pressure level. Then, the sound pressure level is measured at those points, and the related noise map is produced. Based on the noise map, the noise condition in the study area is evaluated by comparing the measured acoustic parameters with allowable standard values. Dangerous regions and critical points are thus identified. The major noise sources consist of main blowdown, units’ blowdowns, scrubbers, and turbo-compressors. The sound pressure level of main blowdown is measured at two intervals from its position: 80 m inside the station and 600 m outside the station (at the edge of the surrounding residential area). Also, the sound pressure level for a unit blowdown and a scrubber is measured at respectively 25 m and 40 m from their positions. Finally, the station equipment is prioritized based on noise pollution. The analysis of measurement results showed that the main noise sources are, respectively, the station main blowdown, units’ scrubbers, units’ blowdowns, turbo-compressors, and gas pipelines.
Don’t Waste Any Time In Mourning
Authors: Lang/Levitsky Daniel Rosza
Published: February 2015

In the many accolades Pete Seeger received…after his death, there was often something missing—as absent in tributes from admirers who share his revolutionary politics as in those aiming to reclaim him for respectability. That absence is Seeger’s role as an organizer, and, more broadly, the role of music (and other kinds of cultural work) as organizing, which his life exemplifies.… Seeger’s work as an organizer may have been most obvious, its goals most blatant, in the field…. But his work, as a singer, as a song-collector, as a song-teacher, was not any less a labor of organizing in the concert hall. And that’s not exceptional. That…is what makes someone a radical cultural worker. What’s exemplary about Pete Seeger is how damn good at it he was. What we need to pay attention to and learn from is how he did this important work so well.
This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website, where most recent articles are published in full.

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Friends and Neighbors: Remembering Pete Seeger and Camp Woodland
Authors: Achtenberg Emily Paradise
Published: February 2015

I attended Camp Woodland, a progressive summer camp in upstate New York, for four summers starting in 1955 when I was ten years old. When Pete died last year, it was my fellow Camp Woodlanders that I most wanted to connect with.… Fortunately, a camp reunion in 2012 had revived many old friendships. “Pete’s music was the soundtrack to our lives,” one former camper reminisced on the camp listserv. “Pete modeled our values and transformed how we lived in the world, just like at camp,” another wrote.
This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website, where most recent articles are published in full.

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Possibility and Hope: Getting from Here to There
Authors: Seeger Pete , Forbes Linda C.
Published: February 2015

Pete Seeger is an environmental advocate who understands the transforming power of immersion in nature. However, his desire to restore his cherished Hudson River posed a monumental challenge in the 1960s. The Hudson River, once so majestic that it inspired the Hudson River School painters, had become a sewer for the communities and commercial industries that populated its shoreline. Seeger’s approach to reversing the degradation of the Hudson River involved a unique form of advocacy and organizing. He envisioned healing the Hudson through immersion. His approach involved bringing people back to the river aboard a 106-foot replica of a Hudson River sloop (a single-masted sailboat), one that resembled the boats that traversed the Hudson in centuries past. By 1969, with Seeger as the driving force behind its creation, the sloop Clearwater was constructed and launched. It still sails today and serves as an inspiring symbol of citizen activism on behalf of the natural environment.
This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website, where most recent articles are published in full.

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iCapitalism and the Cybertariat: Contradictions of the Digital Economy
Authors: Huws Ursula
Published: February 2015

We have now entered a period…when new waves of commodification set in motion in earlier periods are reaching maturity. The new commodities have been generated by drawing into the market even more aspects of life that were previously outside the money economy, or at least that part of it that generates a profit for capitalists. Several such fields of accumulation have now emerged, each with a different method of commodity genesis, forming the basis of new economic sectors and exerting distinctive impacts on daily life, including labor and consumption. They include biology, art and culture, public services, and sociality.
This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website, where most recent articles are published in full.

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Voices of Socialism: Karl Marx
Authors: Miliband Ralph
Published: February 2015

By vocation, Marx was not an economist, or a philosopher, or a sociologist. He was a revolutionary who, being deprived of the opportunity of participating in revolutions in the years after 1848, turned to the detailed analysis of the economic system he wanted to overthrow. Marx never ceased to stress the liberating quality of practical activity; but he himself was compelled by the circumstances of his time to devote most of his life to theoretical work.
This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website, where most recent articles are published in full.

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Convergence of the inverse continuous wavelet transform in Wiener amalgam spaces
Authors: Weisz Ferenc
Published: February 2015

The inversion formula for the continuous wavelet transform is usually considered in the weak
sense. With the help of summability methods of Fourier transforms we obtain norm convergence and convergence at Lebesgue points of the inverse wavelet transform for functions from the Lp
and Wiener amalgam spaces.
Semantic Industry: Herausforderungen auf dem Weg zur rechnergestützten Informationsverarbeitung der Industrie 4.0
Authors: Höme Stephan , Grützner Jens , Hadlich Thomas , Diedrich Christian , Schnäpp Dieter , Arndt Susanne , Schnieder Eckehard
Published: February 2015

Die Interpretation des Konzepts von Industrie 4.0 ist vielschichtig und abhängig davon, ob aus der Sicht des Maschinen- oder
Anlagenbaus, von der IT Branche oder von der Automatisierungstechnik an das Thema herangegangen wird. Es ist jedoch klar zu erkennen,
dass die systemweit eindeutig definierte Semantik aller gemeinschaftlich genutzten Daten zwingend erforderlich ist. Ausgangspunkt der
Überlegungen ist eine Gruppierung von I40-Komponenten, welche die Eigentümer der Daten sind. Diese sind Bestandteile von
Cyber-Physical-Systems (CPS), in denen sie Dienste anbieten, um zusammen mit IT-orientierten Diensten neue Wertschöpfungsketten zu
bilden. Alle Dienste und Dienstinhalte müssen dafür semantisch eindeutig definiert sein. Anhand von Produkt-, Prozess- und
Ressourcen-Modell (PPR-Modell) und dem Datenmodell der VDI/VDE 3682-Richtlinie wird beispielhaft dargestellt, wie die Informationen
über Industrie-4.0-Komponenten semantisch eindeutig beschrieben werden können. Es wird dargestellt wie diese Beschreibung auch für die
Daten der I40-Dienste verwendet werden kann. Dadurch steigt der Grad der Fähigkeit, semantisch eindeutige Daten maschinell zu
verarbeiten.
Ein Referenzmodell zur Prozedurbeschreibung
Authors: Schüller Andreas , Epple Ulrich
Published: February 2015

Eine Prozedur beschreibt allgemein den Verfahrensablauf zur Realisierung
eines bestimmten Prozesses. Operativ beschreibt sie den
geplanten Steuerungsablauf für eine gegebene Systemumgebung in mehreren
Schritten mit entsprechenden Übergangsbedingungen.
Die Beschreibung der Prozeduren erfolgt heute typischerweise mit speziell
auf die Anwendung zugeschnittenen Sprachen. In diesem
Beitrag wird angeregt, ein gemeinsames Metamodell der
Prozedurbeschreibung zu entwickeln. Ein solches
Metamodell trägt wesentlich zur Standardisierung der
Prozedurbeschreibung bei. In dieser Arbeit werden
generische Konzepte vorgestellt, auf denen ein
Metamodell der Prozedurbeschreibung aufgebaut werden
kann.
The Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Labor Market Outcomes of Young Adults: Evidence from Minimum Legal Drinking Age Laws
Authors: Yörük Ceren Ertan
Published: February 2015

This paper uses a regression discontinuity design to estimate the impact of the minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) laws on alcohol consumption and labor market outcomes of young adults. Using confidential data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 Cohort (NLSY97), I find that granting legal access to alcohol at age 21 leads to an increase in several measures of alcohol consumption. The discrete jump in the alcohol consumption at the MLDA has also negative spillover effects on the labor market outcomes of young adults. In particular, I document that the MLDA is associated with a 1 hour decrease in weekly working hours. However, the effect of the MLDA laws on wages is negative only under certain specifications. These results suggest that the policies designed to curb drinking may not only have desirable effects in reducing alcohol consumption among young adults but also have positive spillover effects on their labor market outcomes.
Bacterial diversity and abundance of a creek valley
sites reflected soil pH and season
Authors: Sagova-Mareckova M. , Cermak L. , Omelka M. , Kyselkova M. , Kopecky J.
Published: February 2015

The effect of environmental factors on bacterial
and actinobacterial communities was assessed to predict
microbial community structure in natural gradients.
Bacterial and actinobacterial communities were studied
at four sites differing in vegetation and water regime:
creek sediment, wet meadow, dry meadow and deciduous
forest located in a shallow valley. The vegetation structure
was assessed by phytocoenological releves. T-RFLP and
quantitative PCR were used to determine community
composition and abundances. Significant relationships
between bacterial community structure and selected
soil traits at sites located relatively close to each other
(within 200 m) were demonstrated. Both the quantity
and structure of bacterial communities were significantly
influenced by organic matter content, soil moisture and
pH. Bacterial diversity was higher in summer, while that
of actinobacteria increased in winter. The Simpson’s
evenness E was significantly correlated with soil organic
matter content. Soil pH had the greatest influence on
bacterial community structure showing higher within-site
variability in summer than in winter.
Populetum pamiricae ass. nova – an endemic
forest association to Pamir in Tajikistan
(Middle Asia)
Authors: Nowak Arkadiusz , Nobis Marcin , Gębala Małgorzata , Wasik Piotr
Published: February 2015

The floristic structure, distribution and habitat
requirements of a forest syntaxon, Populetum pamiricae
ass. nova is described. The potential range of the Populetum
pamiricae association comprises the mountains of eastern
Tajikistan (Pamir Alai Mts), Kashgaria in western China
(Kunlun Shan Mts) and north-eastern Afghanistan (Hindu
Kush Mts) in Middle Asia. The biotope of this community
comprises of high mountain river valleys situated at
elevations between 2,500 and 3,200 m above sea level.
Phytocoenoses of the Populetum pamiricae association
are characterized by the apparent domination in the tree
layer of a diagnostic species, Populus pamirica. The tree
stand has a mean cover around 55%. The layer of shrubs
consists primarily of the willow including Salix linearifolia
and S. wilhelmsiana, and Hippophaë rhamnoides, Rosa
huntica and Lonicera stenantha. The herb layer is less
developed and consists of species typical for Populetea
laurifolio-suaveolentis; however, in juvenile stages of the
community, taxa from riverbed vegetation (i.e. Salicion
eleagni) also frequently occur. Populetum pamiricae grows
in areas of flood inundations caused mainly by spring
thaw where the humus layer in soils is very thin or even
completely absent. The forest association of Populetum
pamiricae ass. nova is one of the rarest and most
rapidly disappearing wood communities in Tajikistan.
High conservation priority and special management is
recomended for this association.
Eine Exkommunikationsandrohung des Johannes Kalekas an den Metropoliten von Trapezunt und ihre Hintergründe
Authors: Kavvadas Nestor
Published: February 2015

A remarkable letter of the Patriarch of Constantinople Ioannes Kalekas to the Metropolitan Gregorios of Trebizond announces the excommunication of the illegitimate second wife of the Emperor of Trebizond, the Megas Komnenos Basileios, and simultaneously threatens the latter with the same punishment, if he should not return to his rightful spouse - a daughter of the Byzantine Emperor Andronikos III Palaiologos - as well as the Metropolitan himself, if he should not stop supporting his Emperor. Although this letter is an example of the political instrumentalisation of excommunication under Kalekas (and during the entire civil wars), it resists a straightforward political interpretation, because Kalekas and his political friends in Constantinople seem not to have had stable alliances in contemporary Trebizond. But the unusually vehement accusations against Gregorios of Trebizond launched in this letter by Kalekas, who was then taking measures against the advancing erosion of the episcopate in Asia Minor, reveal the direct goal of the Patriarch: to prepare in due form, by means of the excommunication threat, the deposition of Gregorios and his replacement by a prelate of his confidence - which is precisely what Kalekas did as soon as Basileios died and Gregorios was left without support.
Romanos Melodos on the Raising of Lazarus
Authors: Rodgers Barbara Saylor
Published: February 2015

Through a close reading of Kontakion XXVI, this paper demonstrates that Romanos the Melodist provides a novel treatment of the raising of Lazarus, omitting most of the details from the gospel of John and avoiding many of the themes found in prose commentators on the episode. Romanos’ understanding of the story is based more upon Paul’s first letter to the Corinthians than on the context in the gospel where it is found. In this kontakion, Lazarus’ resuscitation demonstrates the power of faith and affirms belief in the resurrection of Christ. Romanos employs the device of having one’s enemy proclaim one’s victory when he adapts themes and methods of Syriac dispute poems to reinforces this message of faith and resurrection via the testimony of Hades and Thanatos in the second half of the kontakion.
Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion, Saving and Storage: A global network enabling capacity-building for sustainable energy in developing countries
Authors: MacLeod Jennifer
Published: February 2015

Access to energy is a fundamental component of poverty abatement. People who live in homes without electricity are often dependent on dirty, time-consuming and disproportionately expensive solid fuel sources for heating and cooking. [1] In developing countries, the Human Development Index (HDI), which comprises measures of standard of living, longevity and educational attainment, increases rapidly with per capita electricity use. [2] For these reasons the United Nations has been making a concerted effort to promote global access to energy, first by naming 2012 the Year of Sustainable Energy for All, [3] and now by declaring 2014-2024 the Decade of Sustainable Energy for All. [4]
Approximation of Semilinear Fractional Cauchy Problem
Authors: Liu Ru , Li Miao , Piskarev Sergey
Published: February 2015

The semidiscretization methods for solving the Cauchy problem

(

𝐃

t

α

u
)

(
t
)

=
A
u

(
t
)

+

J

1
-
α

f

t
,
u
(
t
)

,

t
∈

[
0
,
T
]

,
0
<
α
<
1
,

u

(
0
)

=

u
0

,

$(\mathbf {D}_{t}^{\alpha }u)(t) = A u(t) + J^{1-\alpha } f\big (t,u(t)\big ), \quad t \in [0,T], 0 < \alpha <1,\qquad u(0) = u^0,$

with operator A, which generates an analytic and compact resolution family

{

S
α

(
t
,
A
)

}

t
≥
0

${\lbrace S_{\alpha }(t,A)\rbrace _{t\ge 0}}$

, in a Banach space E are presented. It is proved that the compact convergence of resolvents implies the convergence of semidiscrete approximations to an exact solution. We give an analysis of a general approximation scheme, which includes finite differences and projective methods.