bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTERVENÇÕES NUTRICIONAIS NO MANEJO DA ESTEATOHEPATITE NÃO ALCOÓLICA: EVIDÊNCIAS DE REVISÕES INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Tonholo Lucas do Couto , Corrêa Fábio Henrique , Moraes Lucas Augusto Lopes , Teixeira Lucas Gabriel Peixoto
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A Esteatohepatite Não Alcoólica (NASH) é uma forma grave de doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica (NAFLD), caracterizada por inflamação e dano hepático, que pode evoluir para cirrose e carcinoma hepatocelular. O manejo da NASH apresenta desafios significativos, já que não existem terapias farmacológicas aprovadas amplamente eficazes. Nesse contexto, intervenções nutricionais têm sido investigadas como estratégias centrais para melhorar a saúde hepática e reduzir a progressão da doença. Objetivo: O objetivo desta revisão integrativa é reunir e analisar as evidências sobre o impacto das intervenções nutricionais no manejo da Esteatohepatite Não Alcoólica, com foco em suas implicações para a progressão da doença e melhoria dos marcadores hepáticos. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma busca abrangente nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science, abrangendo estudos publicados entre 2010 e 2023. Os critérios de inclusão envolveram ensaios clínicos randomizados, coortes e revisões sistemáticas que avaliaram a eficácia de intervenções nutricionais, como dietas hipocalóricas, redução de carboidratos refinados, aumento de fibras e consumo de ácidos graxos ômega-3, no manejo da NASH. Dos 112 artigos inicialmente identificados, 27 atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e foram analisados. Resultados e Discussão: As evidências apontam que intervenções nutricionais focadas na restrição calórica e na modificação da composição de macronutrientes, como a redução de açúcares simples e aumento da ingestão de fibras e proteínas de alta qualidade, resultaram em melhorias significativas nos parâmetros hepáticos, incluindo a redução da inflamação e da fibrose hepática. O consumo de ácidos graxos ômega-3 também se destacou por seu efeito anti-inflamatório e redutor de triglicerídeos hepáticos. Dietas baseadas em padrões mediterrâneos mostraram um efeito promissor na reversão do esteatose e no controle do peso corporal. No entanto, a aderência a essas intervenções a longo prazo ainda se mostra um desafio, influenciado por fatores culturais e socioeconômicos. Conclusão: As intervenções nutricionais desempenham um papel fundamental no manejo da NASH, mostrando-se eficazes na melhora dos marcadores hepáticos e na redução da progressão da doença. Embora os resultados sejam promissores, há uma necessidade de mais ensaios clínicos a longo prazo para estabelecer diretrizes nutricionais padronizadas para esta população.
STRATEGI PEMERINTAH DAERAH KABUPATEN BANYUMAS DALAM MENCEGAH KORUPSI ANGGARAN PENDAPATAN DAN BELANJA DAERAH (APBD) DI KABUPATEN BANYUMAS
Authors: Tri Ayu Suciana  , Esti Ningrum  , Haris Kusumawardana  , Agoes Djatmiko
Published: October 2024

Abstrak . Banyumas Regency is one of the regencies that received the highest ranking for corruption prevention. According to the Corruption Eradication Commission's Monitoring Center for Prevention (MCP) corruption prevention instrument, Banyumas Regency is ranked sixth at the national level with an index of 95.79. This research was conducted to find out the strategies of the Banyumas Regency Regional Government in preventing corruption of the Regional Budget (APBD) in Banyumas Regency and the obstacles of the Banyumas Regency Regional Government in implementing strategies to prevent corruption of the Regional Budget (APBD) in Banyumas Regency. The research method used is normative juridical using secondary data sources and primary data sources in the form of data from interviews with the Banyumas Regency local government consisting of the Regional Secretariat of the Legal Section and the Banyumas Regency Regional Inspectorate. Based on the results of the study, that the strategies and effective efforts of the Banyumas Regency local government in preventing corruption of the Regional Budget (APBD) in Banyumas Regency can be done through the establishment of regulations, handling conflicts of interest, fostering the State Civil Apparatus (ASN), using the Monitoring Center for Prevention (MCP), using the Whistleblowing System (WBS), using complaint stalls, conducting investigative audits, implementing the Government Internal Control System (SPIP), and carry out the duties and functions of local government on the regional revenue and expenditure budget (APBD). The obstacles of The Banyumas Regency Regional Government in preventing Corruption in the Regional Budget (APBD) in Banyumas Regency include delays in the implementation of activity schedules, the effectiveness of regulations, and the incompatibility of public complaints.
Keyword: Corruption, APBD, Banyumas Regency.
مُرتَكِب الكبيرةِ بينَ الخوارجِ والمُعتزِلةِ ,دِراسةٌ عقديّةٌ تحليليّةٌ
Authors:   دار القرآن بوزارة الأوقاف الكويتيّة, مرزوق دغيم الرّشيديّ حمود
Published: October 2024

تكمن أهمية هذا البحث في بيان الأسباب والاختلاف في تحديد الكبائر، ومعرفة أسباب ظهور مسألة مرتكب الكبيرة والاتفاق والاختلاف في مسألة مرتكب الكبيرة عند الخوارج والمعتزلة. منهجية البحث المنهج الاستقرائي، الذي يتضمن التحليل، واعتمت في النقل على ما جاء في القرآن الكريم وما فسّر به أهل العلم
أحاديث أحوال النّاس في الدّارين، وأحاديث البِر والصِّلة والآداب، وأحاديث النِّكاح؛ الّتي وردَ تصديقُها من القرآن الكريم جمعًا وتخريجًا ودارسةً
Authors:   قسم الكِتاب والسُّنة تخصّص الحديث الشّريف وعلومه, محمود الرفاعي نهلة
Published: October 2024

البحث هو جمع للأحاديث التي أُشير إلى تصديقها من القرآن الكريم، وقد بُني البحث على (ستة) مباحث رُتبت فيها المَرْوِيات التي ورد تصديقها من القرآن باعتبار الموضوع الذي يجمعها، فكان المبحث الأول لأحاديث العبادات التي ورد تصديقها من القرآن، والمبحث الثاني لأحاديث الأمور الغيبية التي ورد تصديقها من القرآن، والمبحث الثالث لأحاديث وصف الجنة التي ورد تصديقها من القرآن، والمبحث الرابع لأحاديث أحوال الناس التي ورد تصديقها من القرآن، والمبحث الخامس لأحاديث البِر والصِّلة والآداب التي ورد تصديقها من القرآن، والمبحث السادس لأحاديث النِّكاح التي ورد تصديقها من القرآن. وان هذه المباحث تشكل اطارًا عامًّا للمجموع المرويات التي ورد تصديقها من القرآن الكريم. وقد عملت الباحثة على جمعها وتخريجها ودراستها دراسة حديثية من شأنها اظهار موافقة القرآن في كثير من معانيها، وإبراز تلك المعاني العظيمة التي جاء تصديقها للقرآن تصريح النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم. وقد تضمن هذا الجزء المباحث الرابع والخامس والسادس على وجه الخصوص
The SAIL dataset of marine atmospheric electric field observations over the Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Barbosa Susana , Dias Nuno , Almeida Carlos , Amaral Guilherme , Ferreira António , Camilo António , Silva Eduardo
Published: October 2024

Abstract. A unique dataset of marine atmospheric electric field observations over the Atlantic Ocean is described. The data are relevant not only for atmospheric electricity studies, but more generally for studies of the Earth's atmosphere and climate variability, as well as space-earth interactions studies. In addition to the atmospheric electric field data, the dataset includes simultaneous measurements of other atmospheric  variables, including gamma radiation, visibility, and solar radiation. These ancillary observations not only support interpretation and understanding of the atmospheric electric field data, but are also of interest in themselves. The entire framework from data collection to final derived datasets has been duly documented to ensure traceability and reproducibility of the whole data curation chain. All the data, from raw measurements to final datasets, are preserved in data repositories with a corresponding assigned DOI. Final datasets are available from the Figshare repository (https://figshare.com/projects/SAIL_Data/178500) and computational notebooks containing the code used at every step of the data curation chain are available from the Zenodo repository (https://zenodo.org/communities/sail).
The SahulCHAR Collection: A Palaeofire Database for Australia, New Guinea, and New Zealand
Authors: Rehn Emma , Cadd Haidee , Mooney Scott , Cohen Tim J. , Munack Henry , Codilean Alexandru T. , Adeleye Matthew , Beck Kristen K. , Constantine IV Mark , Gouramanis Chris , Hanson Johanna M. , Jones Penelope J. , Kershaw A. Peter , Mackenzie Lydia , Maisie Maame , Mariani Michela , Mately Kia , McWethy David , Mills Keely , Moss Patrick , Patton Nicholas R. , Rowe Cassandra , Stevenson Janelle , Tibby John , Wilmshurst Janet
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Recent global fire activity has highlighted the importance of understanding fire dynamics across time and space, with records of past fire (palaeofire) providing valuable insights to inform current and future management challenges. New records from the recent increase in palaeofire studies from Australia and surrounds have not been captured in any database for broader comparisons, and Australasia is poorly represented in current international databases used for global modelling of palaeofire trends. These problems are addressed by SahulCHAR, a new collection of sedimentary charcoal and black carbon records from Sahul (Australia, New Guinea, and offshore islands) and New Zealand. Data are stored in the OCTOPUS relational database platform, with a structure designed for compatibility with the existing Global Paleofire Database. Metadata are captured at site-level and observation-level, with observations including age determinations and charcoal or black carbon data. SahulCHAR Version 1 contains 687 records of charcoal or black carbon, including digitized data, unchanged and modified records from the Global Paleofire Database, and original author-submitted data. SahulCHAR is a much-needed update on past regional palaeofire compilations that will also provide greater representation of records from Sahul and New Zealand in future global syntheses.
U-Surf: A Global 1 km spatially continuous urban surface property dataset for kilometer-scale urban-resolving Earth system modeling
Authors: Cheng Yifan , Zhao Lei , Chakraborty Tirthankar , Oleson Keith , Demuzere Matthias , Liu Xiaoping , Che Yangzi , Liao Weilin , Zhou Yuyu , Li Xinchang
Published: October 2024

Abstract. High-resolution urban climate modeling has faced substantial challenges due to the absence of a globally consistent, spatially continuous, and accurate dataset to represent the spatial heterogeneity of urban surfaces and their biophysical properties. This deficiency has long obstructed the development of urban-resolving Earth System Models (ESMs) and ultra-high-resolution urban climate modeling, particularly at large scales. Here, we present a first-of-its-kind 1km-resolution present-day (circa-2020) global continuous urban surface parameter dataset – U-Surf. Using the urban canopy model (UCM) in the Community Earth System Model as a base model for developing dataset requirements, U-Surf leverages the latest advances in remote sensing, machine learning, and cloud computing to provide the most relevant urban surface biophysical parameters, including radiative, morphological, and thermal properties, for UCMs at the facet- and canopy-level. Our high-resolution U-Surf dataset significantly improves the representation of the urban land heterogeneity both within and across cities globally. U-Surf provides essential, high-fidelity surface biophysical constraints to urban-resolving ESMs, enables detailed city-to-city comparisons across the globe, and supports the next-generation kilometer-resolution Earth system modeling across scales. U-Surf parameters can be easily converted or adapted to various types of UCMs, such as those embedded in weather and regional climate models, as well as air quality models. The fundamental urban surface constraints provided by U-Surf are also relevant as features for machine learning models and can have other broad-scale applications for socioeconomic, public health, and urban planning contexts. We expect U-Surf to promote the research frontier on urban systems science, climate-sensitive urban design, and coupled human-Earth systems in the future. The dataset is publicly available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11247599 (Cheng et al., 2024).
Improving Accuracy and providing Uncertainty Estimations: Ensemble Methodologies for Ocean Forecasting
Authors: Hoteit Ibrahim , Chassignet Eric , Bell Mike
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Ensemble forecasting has emerged as an essential approach for addressing the uncertainties inherent in ocean prediction, offering a probabilistic framework that enhances accuracy of both short-term and long-range forecasts. By more effectively addressing the intrinsic chaotic nature of mesoscale and sub-mesoscale variability, ensemble methods offer critical insights into forecast errors and improve the reliability of predictions. This paper reviews the ensemble methodologies currently used in ocean forecasting, including techniques borrowed from weather prediction like virtual ensembles and Monte Carlo methods. It also explores the latest advancements in ensemble data assimilation, which have been successfully integrated into both ocean general circulation models and operational forecasting systems. These advancements enable more accurate representation of forecast uncertainties (error-of-the-day) by sampling perturbations conditioned on available observations. Despite the progress made, challenges remain in fully realizing the potential of ensemble forecasting, particularly in developing tools for analyzing results and incorporating them into decision-making processes. This paper highlights the crucial role of ensemble forecasting in improving ocean predictions and advocates for its wider adoption in operational systems.
ANALYSIS OF RAW MATERIAL INVENTORY CONTROL USING ECONOMIC ORDER QUANTITY METHOD IN MSME PALM-FIBER BROOM NAGA JAYA
Authors: Lestari Fitrina
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini berfokus pada pengendalian persediaan bahan baku dengan menggunakan metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) pada UMKM Sapu Ijuk Naga Jaya, yaitu usaha menengah yang memproduksi sapu ijuk tradisional. UMKM ini menghadapi inefisiensi dalam pengadaan bahan baku karena pemesanan yang tidak konsisten dan permintaan pasar yang berfluktuasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pendekatan manajemen persediaan yang optimal untuk meningkatkan efisiensi produksi dan meminimalkan biaya. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan wawancara dengan pemilik UMKM, di samping analisis data sekunder mengenai penggunaan bahan baku, biaya pengadaan, dan tingkat produksi. Metode EOQ digunakan untuk menentukan jumlah pesanan yang paling hemat biaya, titik pemesanan ulang, dan tingkat persediaan pengaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode EOQ dapat menekankan total biaya persediaan bahan baku sebesar 21.74 % per tahun. UMKM Naga Jaya dapat menghemat sebesar Rp14.653.171 dengan stok pengaman bahan baku sebesar 330kg dan titik pemesanan ulang sebesar 461.5kg. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa mengadopsi pendekatan EOQ dapat membantu operasi produksi yang lebih lancar dan kinerja keuangan yang lebih baik bagi Perusahaan.
The Business of Canang: An Overview of the Role of Balinese Women in Local Economic Development In The Breath Of Hinduism
Authors: Ni Putu Eni Astuti
Published: October 2024

The shift in the lifestyle of Balinese people from agrarian to industrial has changed the order of people's lives, one element of this is the emergence and development of the canang sales business. Yadnya offerings in the form of canang are the religious breath of the Hindu community in Bali. When these offerings cannot be made by households for various reasons, this creates business opportunities for Balinese women. This study aims to determine the role of Balinese women in the selling business of canang seen from the aspect of the local economy that is carried out in relation to Hinduism in Bali. This type of research is non-experimental research (ex post facto) with a qualitative descriptive method. The research sample is canang traders in Badung Regency and Denpasar City. Data collection techniques were observation, interviews, literature study, and documentation. Data analysis techniques were data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the factors that influenced Balinese women choose to work as canang traders were for reasons of profit, flexible business, being able to divide their time with the time saving of being housewives, and having market share. The increase in activity and economic value comes not only from their canang sales business, but can also create new business opportunities from canang raw materials such as coconut leaves, banana leaves, various kinds of offering flowers, porosan, and other materials provided by local communities. These various business activities involved in selling canang and the raw materials of canang certainly move the wheels of the local economy of Bali.
INTERNATIONAL LEGAL REGULATION OF PRINCIPLES IN THE FIELD OF CLIMATE PROTECTION
Authors: Nukusheva Aigul Ashimovna , Kuandykov Bakhytzhan Zhursunovich , Zhailau Zhanat
Published: October 2024

In the conditions of modern society, inheritance law is becoming the subject of increasingly active study and analysis. In the context of the transition of the Republic of Kazakhstan to a market economy, the implementation of socio-economic reforms and the development of information technology, the issues of inheritance law acquire new aspects and challenges. In this regard, this study is aimed at conducting a comparative analysis of the features of inheritance by law both in the Republic of Kazakhstan and in other countries, in order to identify similarities and differences in the legal regulation of this area. The purpose of the study is to study the key aspects of inheritance law using a comparative legal approach. Within the framework of this study, several main tasks have been identified: first, to analyze the legislation regulating inheritance by law in the Republic of Kazakhstan and in other countries of the world. This stage includes the study of the basic rules and principles governing the inheritance process in various legal systems. Secondly, to determine the circle of persons who have the right to inherit by law both in the Republic of Kazakhstan and in foreign countries. This important study will reveal differences in the established categories of heirs and the legal basis for their succession.Thirdly, to conduct a comparative analysis of the legal regulation of heirs by law in the civil law of the Republic of Kazakhstan and similar norms in foreign countries. This stage of the analysis will reveal similarities and differences in legal approaches to inheritance and its consequences for heirs. The results of the study are supposed to be used as a basis for developing recommendations for improving inheritance legislation, as well as for a deeper understanding and application of inheritance rules both in the Republic of Kazakhstan and in other countries. Thus, the study has practical significance and can contribute to improving the legal regulation of inheritance relations, ensuring a more equitable and effective succession procedure.
CYBERCRIME CHALLENGES: EXPERIENCE OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
Authors: Satbayeva Aizhan Muratovna , Alimbetova Alida Robertinovna , Beissenbayeva Manshuk Toktarbekovna
Published: October 2024

The study focuses on the problem of countering cybercrime in the context of the experience of international cooperation. The trend in the process of ongoing transformation from a post-industrial to an information society stands out: global informatization and digitalization of processes lead to the threat of interference in personal life, data theft, and violation of privacy. The analysis of international legal acts made it possible to conclude the need to expand cooperation between states in the fight against cybercrime under the auspices of the UN based on programmatic, strategic acts of international legal regulation of the relevant range of relations. The importance of creating and developing organizational and legislative measures to combat cybercrime, improving interaction between the competent authorities of various states, as well as the need to develop and adopt universal conventions to combat cybercrime, is noted. The authors of the article state that the large-scale growth in the volume of information transfer causes the need to ensure the maximum level of data protection, both by the interested ICT users themselves and by governments - guarantors of state information security and stability. The international legal framework provides a solution to the problem in three areas: reducing discrepancies between national laws, introducing new powers of bodies, and promoting international cooperation. It is stated that in the Republic of Kazakhstan, there are no comprehensive studies on combating cyberterrorism and cybercrime as phenomena that include the entire range of crimes that are committed today on the Internet. The study fills this gap: the activities of the legislative and law enforcement bodies of the Republic of Kazakhstan are analyzed. The authors focus on such positive aspects as the creation of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan in April 2003 of the "K" department to intensify the fight against a wide range of crimes related to computer and Internet technologies, including cyberbullying, the production of counterfeit video discs, the dissemination of information that contributes to extremism, terrorism, cruelty, and violence. Chapter 7 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan, devoted to criminal offenses in the field of informatization and communications, was subjected to scientific turnover; Cybersecurity Concept ("Cyber Shield of Kazakhstan"); a pilot project of 2023, which launched a special cyber police unit "Cyberpol Strike Task Force" to protect citizens and businesses of the country from cyber threats.
RETURNING TO THE PUBLICATION OF DOCTOR OF JURIDICAL SCIENCES, PROFESSOR M.A. SARSEMBAYEV «THE NEED TO IMPROVE STANDARDS OF ILO CONVENTIONS AND THE KAZAKHSTAN LABOR LAW»
Authors: Kenzhetayeva Almira Kadirlikyzy
Published: October 2024

This article analyzes the article by Professor M.A. Sarsembayev on the topic «The need to improve standards of ILO conventions and the Kazakhstan labor law», which was published in the Bulletin of the Institute of Legislation and Legal Information of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 2 (47) in 2017. In the article Professor M.A. Sarsembayev focuses on the International Labor Organization (ILO) conventions, including the e Convention on Equal treatment and equal opportunities for men and women workers: workers with family responsibilities, adopted in Geneva on the 67-th session of the ILO General Conference on 23 June 1981, the Convention on the Protection of Wages, adopted in Geneva on 32-th session of the General conference of the ILO 1 July 1949, and the ILO Convention on the Minimum Wage Fixing Machinery by 16 June 1928, which are ratified by the Republic of Kazakhstan, with the aim of improving the norms of national labor legislation. The author also identifies shortcomings in these conventions and provides recommendations (translations, new formulations, additional articles, and terms) for their improvement, emphasizing that Kazakhstan, as a party to these conventions, can make proposals for their enhancement through the ILO’s Bureau of Labor Administration. The article also addresses the issue of accession to conventions such as the Convention on Minimum Standards of Social Security (No. 102), the Convention on the Right to Organize and Collective Bargaining in Agriculture (No. 11), the Convention on Compensation for Workmen in Agriculture (No. 12), and the Convention on Medical Care and Sickness Benefits for Workmen in Agriculture (No. 25), considering their significance for the national legal system of Kazakhstan.
ANTI-CORRUPTION RESPONSIBILITIES OF CANDIDATES ACCORDING TO THE LEGISLATION OF KAZAKHSTAN (based on materials of the election campaign for the elections of the Mazhilis of Kazakhstan 2023)
Authors: Makartsev Andrey A.
Published: October 2024

The article notes that the institution of elections is one of the important elements of state security in any state. In this regard, it is common practice to enshrine in national electoral legislation provisions aimed at ensuring law and order in various spheres of life. Anti-corruption norms occupy a special place in electoral legislation. The article notes that the institution of elections is one of the important elements of state security in any state. In this regard, it is common practice to enshrine in national electoral legislation provisions aimed at ensuring law and order in various spheres of life. Anti-corruption norms occupy a special place in electoral legislation. According to the author, the enshrinement of anti-corruption responsibilities in the electoral legislation is connected to a greater extent not with electoral law, but with the legislation defining the legal status of deputies and elected officials. The author examines the features of establishing anti-corruption responsibilities in the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as electoral practice. In most cases, the judicial authorities decided to uphold the decision of the relevant election commission to cancel the registration of a candidate. Moreover, in a number of cases, candidates managed to overturn the decision of the election commission to refuse registration. An analysis of electoral practice led to the conclusion that in most cases, many offenses in the area under consideration were the result of candidates’ legal illiteracy, their inattention, and the amount of unreliable information was most often insignificant. In this regard, it is concluded that the legislation should allow election commissions and judicial bodies to more widely use their own discretion when resolving such cases.
THE ISSUES OF LEGAL LIABILITY IN TRANSFER RELATIONS
Authors: Moreeva Iuliia Dmitrievna , Teliukina Marina Viktorovna , Kulikov Evgeniy Stanislavovich
Published: October 2024

A transfer contract is a specific type of legal contract, which can be regulated not only by civil law but also by the corporate rules of sports federations. The regulation of transfer contracts in football is particularly relevant, as the Russian Football Union (RFU) regulates each stage of transfer relations in detail. Specifically, the RFU Regulations establish sanctions for violating the procedure of athlete transfer. These sanctions can be applied to both sports clubs and athletes. At the same time, the legal nature of these sanctions remains ambiguous, as the RFU is not a governmental body authorized to hold individuals legally liable. Nevertheless, the doctrine often highlights the concept of sports liability as a unique type of liability because the RFU has the authority to hold individuals liable under this type of liability. In addition to sports liability, the possibility of holding participants in transfer relations liable under civil law remains debatable. On the one hand, a transfer contract is a civil law agreement and, accordingly, the general provisions of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation on obligations should apply to it. On the other hand, questions arise about the possibility of combining civil sanctions with sports sanctions and about the possibility of considering civil liability prior to sports liability. In this article, the authors answered the above questions and structured the liability systems in transfer relations. Conclusions were made about situations in which sports or civil liability is applied, as well as about the possibility of applying both types of liability for a single violation by a sports club or a football player.
Governance by Infrastructure (Part II): Preface
Authors: Stiefel Léa , Currie Morgan , Musiani Francesca , Sandoz Alain , Silvast Antti , Williams Robin
Published: October 2024

This collection of articles is the second part of the special issue published by First Monday in February 2024 (https://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/issue/view/747). The original thematic series of case studies on ‘Governance by Infrastructure’ is extended here with three new case studies, an article on methodology, and a closing commentary. Their publication concludes an adventure that we began in 2021 with the preparation of a workshop held in 2022 at the University of Lausanne (Switzerland) (https://wp.unil.ch/workshopgbi/). But this is not the end. In September 2024, a workshop at ESADE (https://www.esade.edu/en/IIIWorkshop2024) in Barcelona (Spain) brought the “Governance by Infrastructure” community, represented by this double special issue, together with our colleagues from research in “Innovation in Information Infrastructures”: stay tuned.
Governance by information infrastructures: Origins and evolution of the concept
Authors: Williams Robin , Silvast Antti , Musiani Francesca
Published: October 2024

The term “infrastructure” has evolved to span a wide range of disciplines, reflecting its diverse applications and conceptualizations. This paper argues that information infrastructures (II) represent a distinct and increasingly significant socio-material form, crucial for understanding governance by infrastructure. We examine the origins and evoluIon of II, emphasizing the socio-material differences between II and other technological forms such as systems and online platforms. We highlight particularities of II innovation and implementation process and consider their implications for the politics of technology and governance by infrastructures. Our analysis is grounded on examination of several II in our increasingly digitised information societies, spanning the Internet, social security, platforms, financial infrastructures, energy systems and infrastructures, and health information systems.
Personality Traits and Tax Evasion Attitude: The Moderating Role of Religiosity
Authors: Mehmood Mirha , Ahmad Nisar , Azeem Muhammad , Shahzad Hafiz Khurram
Published: October 2024

Tax evasion remains a significant issue despite regulatory improvements, with informal sectors, income underreporting, and corruption contributing to the problem. Studies typically focus on economic factors but overlook non-economic influences, such as psychological factors, social norms, and religion. This research explores the impact of religiosity on tax evasion, particularly how it affects the relationship between personality traits and tax evasion behaviors. Using a sample of 443 individuals from salaried and self-employed backgrounds, the study employed survey methodology to gather data. The results of analysis revealed that personality traits like conscientiousness, openness to experience, neuroticism, agreeableness, and extraversion significantly influence tax evasion attitudes. Conscientiousness particularly affects self-interest tax evasion, while religiosity moderates the relationship between extraversion and self-interest tax evasion and between conscientiousness and justice of system tax evasion. The findings suggest that incorporating religious values into tax policy could help reduce tax evasion. Policymakers are advised to enhance tax compliance by promoting tax awareness through educational programs, emphasizing community benefits, and collaborating with religious scholars to foster ethical tax practices. The study underscores the importance of considering religiosity and personality traits in developing strategies to combat tax evasion, especially in developing countries.
Impact of Social Media Usage on Students’ Mental Health and Overall Well-Being of University Undergraduate Students
Authors: Hasan Sajid , Nasreen Saima , Shamim-ur-Rasul Sahibzada , Niaz Aroosa , Zahid Muhammad Atif
Published: October 2024

The function of social media was substantial and its advancement had impacted different spheres of people’s lives, the leading change being in terms of cognitive processes and corresponding daily routines, interpersonal communication, knowledge acquisition, self-identification, and ways of perceiving environment. This study investigated the link between social media usage and the mental health and well-being of university students. Study included variables of social media usage, stress level, constant thinking, self- esteem, sleep schedule, emotional well-being, and daily routine.  The main motive of the study was to examine the effect of digital media on student's mental health and well-being of undergraduate’s university students and to explore the demographic differences like gender on the influence of social media usage on the mental health and well-being of university undergraduate students through survey research method. The research methodology was used in this study quantitative and descriptive type nature research. The data were collected from 250 students from the undergraduates’ students of University of Sargodha through Convenient sampling technique. The research instrument for this study was self-developed by the researcher. In this present study independent sample T-Test was used to check the demographic difference and Pearson Correlation was used for checking the link between social media and mental health. Study revealed a significant positive relationship between social media usage and mental well-being indicating that expanded social media usage was associated with improved mental well-being. In this study no notable gender gap were discovered in the relationship between social media usage and mental health outcomes. Findings suggested that social media usage may had a beneficial impact on mental well-being among university students.
Study of the Possibility of Honey Wine Production Using New Active Dry Yeasts and Yeasts Derivatives
Authors: Bakhshetsyan Shahane , Gevorgyan Elyanora , Mikayelyan Mikayel
Published: October 2024

Honey wine, also known as a fermented beverage made from natural honey, is believed to be one of the earliest alcoholic drinks created by ancient humans thousands of years ago, long before the discovery of grape wine. Our research aims to produce wine from honey collected in the Armenian mountains. A series of articles dedicated to the study of the possibility of obtaining alcoholic beverages made by fermenting natural honey (honey wine) using different types of dry active yeast and yeast autolysis derivatives. The data obtained from the research results will be interesting from both the scientific and production points of view. This will allow us to conclude that the selected yeasts can be used for producing such alcoholic beverages.
Educação Interprofissional na Formação em Saúde: Desafios e Oportunidades na Pós-graduação
Authors: Miguel Edson Roberto Arpini , Bellani William Augusto Gomes de Oliveira , Moraes Rocha Isabella , Coelho Izabel Cristina Meister Martins , Almeida Márcio José de , Esteves Roberto Zonato
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A educação interprofissional (EIP) tem sido apontada por gestores, profissionais de saúde e educadores como uma estratégia onde estudantes e professores aprendem de forma colaborativa. Objetivo: Fortalecer a proposta teórica e prática da EIP na gestão dos Programas de Pós-Graduação em saúde, como uma estratégia para promover mudanças na formação. Desenvolvimento: A distribuição dos mestrandos entre os professores orientadores e a análise dos temas que serão objetos de pesquisa/dissertação são assuntos discutidos previamente no colegiado do Programa de Pós Graduação stricto sensu. As expertises do grupo formam o arcabouço de competências comuns, específicas e colaborativas que definem a trajetória das orientações. Os docentes opinam e visualizam de forma integral o processo de desenvolvimento dos orientandos, corroborando a importância de olhares distintos, interdisciplinares e buscando práticas interprofissionais futuras dos mesmos. Considerações finais: Ao analisar a situação atual, apesar dos progressos recentes, a efetiva implementação da EIP na Pós Graduação ainda enfrenta desafios consideráveis. As reflexões deste ensaio destacam os benefícios da EIP no âmbito da gestão pedagógica da Pós-Graduação stricto sensu, incluindo o desenvolvimento de competências colaborativas e devem refletir numa maior integração das equipes de saúde e fortalecendo práticas colaborativas de assistência.
Contribuições do PIBID/Biologia para os Licenciandos da UFCG e para o IFPB em Cajazeiras - PB: Um Relato de Experiência
Authors: Roque Rafaella de Lima , Araújo Maria Elessandra Rodrigues , Souza Júnior Teobaldo Gabriel de , Gomes Saulo Quintana
Published: October 2024

O Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) tem como objetivo integrar Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) e Escolas Públicas de Educação Básica, enriquecendo a formação docente por meio da prática em sala de aula. Este trabalho investigou os impactos do PIBID no IFPB Cajazeiras e na formação dos licenciandos de Biologia da UFCG, analisando como esses resultados positivos justificam a parceria interinstitucional. O estudo utilizou a observação participante para analisar as atividades realizadas entre abril de 2023 e maio de 2024, envolvendo oito estudantes selecionados por edital. Os licenciandos participaram de diversas atividades, como observação de aulas e execução de projetos. A abordagem qualitativa permitiu uma análise detalhada das práticas e experiências dos bolsistas e da escola parceira, destacando os efeitos do PIBID na formação docente e no ambiente educacional. O cronograma envolveu 25 ações, com 11 delas selecionadas e agrupadas em seis categorias para análise detalhada. Essa escolha priorizou atividades que proporcionaram maior imersão no ambiente escolar e maior riqueza de dados, como práticas pedagógicas inovadoras, educação ambiental e atividades lúdicas. A participação dos bolsistas permitiu o desenvolvimento de competências pedagógicas e a aplicação da teoria na prática, demonstrando o impacto positivo da articulação entre teoria e prática no contexto escolar. A colaboração entre as instituições gerou um intercâmbio valioso de conhecimentos e experiências, com benefícios mútuos. As atividades desenvolvidas, que incluíram ambientação, aprimoramento da comunicação, interatividade, experimentação e eco-responsabilidade, fortaleceram a formação dos licenciandos e enriqueceram a educação na escola parceira. Essa sinergia criou um ambiente educativo e colaborativo ampliando significativamente as oportunidades de aprendizagem para todos os envolvidos.
Design, In-Vitro Characterization and Optimization of Fast Dissolving Sublingual Film containing Aripiprazole
Authors: P. Kardile Dipak , B. Awate Pravin , C. Bhagat Vishwas , C. Bhusari Adinath , A. Narote Nilesh , V. Shete Rajkumar
Published: October 2024

The present research work aim was to formulate a fast-dissolving sublingual film containing Aripiprazole, which is used in the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Fast Dissolving Sublingual Film Containing Aripiprazole prepared by using the solvent casting method. Aripiprazole is a BCS IV drug with poor solubility and poor permeability causing poor systemic absorption. Fast dissolving sublingual film prepared by using Design-Expert® version13 software with 32 full factorial designs in which Film-forming polymer HPMC K4M and plasticizers like PEG 400, and PVA are used in different concentrations. The formulated batches was evaluated for mechanical properties, surface pH, folding endurance, drug content, swelling property, SEM analysis, and in vitro % drug release. The characterization of the film shows satisfactory results following mechanical properties of a film like weight variation and thickness. The formulation (F4, F12) containing the highest concentration of plasticizer shows a high folding endurance ranges from 90-100%. FTIR and DCS studies reveal that there are no interactions means drugs and excipients are compatible with each other. Formulation F4 is optimized batch passes evaluation parameters and maximum % drug release i.e. 98.79 % ±0.36 within 1.5 min. Therefore, the sublingual film is an effective approach for BCS IV and III class drugs by avoiding first-pass metabolism with rapid onset of action and better patient compliance in psychotic disorders.
Current Treatment Process and Challenges for Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)
Authors: Kishor Mishra Nikunja , Mishra Amiyakanta , Kumar Sahoo Pravat , Priyadarshini Rosy
Published: October 2024

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) presents as a pediatric neuromuscular disorder resulting from mutations in the survival motor neuron 1(SMN1) gene, with an incidence of approximately 10-13 per 100,000 live births. This condition manifests primarily through muscle weakness and atrophy, particularly affecting the proximal limb muscles. A homozygous deletion of exon 7 in the SMN1 gene is the most common genetic mutation in SMA and serves as a sensitive diagnostic marker. This article comprehensively explores various aspects of SMA, including its types, diagnostic methods, and management strategies. Pulmonary care, gastrointestinal (GI) management, nutritional supplementation, orthopedic spinal care, and physiotherapy play crucial roles in delaying disease progression. Current pharmacological treatments for SMA are diverse and evolving. Notable among them is Zolgensma (formerly AVXS-101 or Onasemnogene abeparvovec), a gene replacement therapy utilizing an adeno-associated virus vector to boost functional SMN protein levels. Sodium vanadate, a phosphatase inhibitor, and risdiplam (RO703406) are agents that modulate SMN2 splicing to augment the production of functional SMN protein. Riluzole acts as a neuroprotective agent by preventing SMN deficiency, while reldesemtive (CK-2127107) is under development as a muscle-enhancing therapy to ameliorate skeletal muscle function during fatigue. While pharmacological therapies for SMA are advancing, a holistic approach involving comprehensive multidisciplinary care, encompassing pulmonary support, proper nutritional supplementation, and adept orthopedic management, significantly contributes to the effective management of SMA.
Designing and Characterizing a Multipurpose Facial Scrub Infused with Chrysopogon zizanioides, Prunus dulcis and Santalum album
Authors: N. Vaja Payal , H. Borkhataria Chetan , S. Popaniya Hiral , J. Tank Chintankumar
Published: October 2024

This study focuses on the design and characterization of a herbal scrub utilizing natural excipients for skincare applications. The primary objective was to develop a safe and effective product capable of addressing common skin issues such as wrinkles, acne, and excessive oil production. The scrub formulation incorporated a blend of carefully selected excipients, including aloevera, amla, coriander, liquorice, sandalwood, lemon peel powder, khus-khus, almond oil, rose petal extract, and black catechu. Various parameters, including physical appearance, viscosity, pH, spreadability, irritability, stability, and microbial assay, were systematically assessed to comprehensively evaluate the scrub. The results revealed that the scrub demonstrated outstanding cooling effects, skin lightening properties, and efficacy in preventing new pimples. It exhibited a pleasant odor, possessed a brown color, and proved non-irritating to the skin. The scrub's texture was smooth, facilitating easy spreading. In conclusion, the formulated herbal scrub emerged as a safe and efficacious exfoliating product, offering the benefits of glowing skin without any adverse effects. Overall, this research contributes valuable insights into the development of a skincare solution that combines natural ingredients for optimal effectiveness and user satisfaction.
Sprue colágeno, gastritis colágena y una asociación infrecuente con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Moreno María Laura , Balaban Ezequiel , Laudanno Sofía , Brichta Ignacio , Costa Ana Florencia , Wassner Carla , Kujta Nadia , Paternó Mauricio , Rizzolo Mariana , Kujaruk Mirta
Published: October 2024

La enfermedad celíaca es la causa más frecuente de atrofia de las vellosidades intestinales. Puede presentarse con un cuadro clínico caracterizado por diarrea crónica, malabsorción y pérdida de peso. El diagnóstico se basa en la presencia de anticuerpos específicos positivos en el suero, la enteropatía característica y la respuesta clínica e histológica a la dieta libre de gluten. Sin embargo, en ocasiones los pacientes con atrofia vellositaria que no responden a la exclusión de gluten de la dieta plantean un desafío diagnóstico y terapéutico. Existen diferentes patologías que pueden mimetizarse con la enfermedad celíaca; por eso es importante realizar un diagnóstico diferencial. Es conocida la asociación de la enfermedad celíaca con otras enfermedades inmunomediadas, entre ellas la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. También se considera frecuente su asociación con la colitis microscópica, siendo esta última una causa posible de persistencia o recurrencia de los síntomas. El curso clínico de la enfermedad celíaca puede complicarse con el desarrollo de distintas condiciones tales como la colitis microscópica, la enfermedad celíaca refractaria o el sprue colágeno. El sprue colágeno es una enteropatía infrecuente que afecta al intestino delgado y se caracteriza por la presencia de atrofia vellositaria y una banda ancha de colágeno subepitelial. Puede asociarse a gastritis y colitis linfocítica y/o colágena. La literatura describe su asociación con otras enfermedades autoinmunes. Puede complicarse con ulceración, perforación y desarrollo de linfoma intestinal, por lo que presenta alta morbimortalidad y mal pronóstico. El conocimiento acerca de la historia natural, la patogénesis y la evolución clínica del sprue colágeno es limitado. Algunas publicaciones más recientes describen un curso benigno con buena respuesta al tratamiento con inmunosupresores. Sin embargo, es muy infrecuente la concomitancia de la enfermedad celíaca, la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal y el sprue colágeno.
Caso clínico. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 52 años al que se le diagnosticó gastroenteritis colágena asociada a enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal, con evolución desfavorable a pesar del tratamiento.
Conclusión. El reporte de otros casos de asociación entre el sprue colágeno y la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal podría ayudar a mejorar el manejo clínico de estos pacientes.