bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The relationship between women’s empowerment and household food and nutrition security in Pakistan
Authors: Ishfaq Sidra , Anjum Abedullah , Kouser Shahzad , Nightingale Glenna , Jepson Ruth
Published: October 2022

Women’s empowerment is considered to play a crucial role in food and nutrition security. We aimed to explore the relationship between women’s empowerment and food and nutrition security, in rural Pakistan. Methods: To estimate women’s empowerment, we developed a Rural Women Composite Empowerment Index incorporating nine domains. For indicators of food and nutritional data we used data of 1879 rural households from Pakistan Rural Household Panel Survey (PRHPS). Food insecurity was measured through a caloric intake approach; nutrition insecurity was measured through recommended nutrient intake (RNI). Using the Rural Women’s Composite Empowerment Index (RWCEI), we employed multi-level mixed-effect regression analysis. Results: The domains of traveling safely (21%), time allocated to tasks (20%), and (lack of) domestic violence (19%) were the most significant domains in defining empowerment of rural woman. The prevalence of food and nutrition insecurity were 33% and 50% respectively. Regression analysis found a positive and significant relationship between women’s empowerment and food and nutrition security–the proportion of household who were food and nutritionally secure in empowered households was 70% and 98% respectively. Conclusions: Developing programmes and policies to improve the range of domains of women’s empowerment requires a focussed policy agenda, bringing together policy makers from a number of different sectors including education, economy, communications, technology and agriculture. Women’s empowerment has the potential to make positive changes not only in food and nutrition security, but in all aspects of family health and wellbeing.
Degree and direction of overlap between social vulnerability and community resilience measurements
Authors: Derakhshan Sahar , Emrich Christopher T. , Cutter Susan L.
Published: October 2022

An ongoing debate in academic and practitioner communities, centers on the measurement similarities and differences between social vulnerability and community resilience. More specifically, many see social vulnerability and community resilience measurements as conceptually and empirically the same. Only through a critical and comparative assessment can we ascertain the extent to which these measurement schemas empirically relate to one another. This paper uses two well-known indices—the social vulnerability index (SoVI) and the Baseline Resilience Indicators for Communities (BRIC) to address the topic. The paper employs spatio-temporal correlations to test for differences or divergence (negative associations) and similarities or convergence (positive associations), and the degree of overlap. These tests use continental U.S. counties, two timeframes (2010 and 2015), and two case study sub-regions (to identify changes in measurement associations going from national to regional scales given the place-based nature of each index). Geospatial analytics indicate a divergence with little overlap between SoVI and BRIC measurements, based on low negative correlation coefficients (around 30%) for both time periods. There is some spatial variability in measurement overlap, but less than 2% of counties show hot spot clustering of correlations of more than 50% in either year. The strongest overlap and divergence in both years occurs in few counties in California, Arizona, and Maine. The degree of overlap in measurements at the regional scale is greater in the Gulf Region (39%) than in the Southeast Atlantic region (21% in 2010; 28% in 2015) suggesting more homogeneity in Gulf Coast counties based on population and place characteristics. However, in both study areas SoVI and BRIC measurements are negatively associated. Given their inclusion in the National Risk Index, both social vulnerability and resilience metrics are needed to interpret the local community capacities in natural hazards risk planning, as a vulnerable community could be highly resilient or vice versa.
Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndromes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiorespiratory fitness and neuromuscular function compared with healthy individuals
Authors: Zambolin Fabio , Duro-Ocana Pablo , Faisal Azmy , Bagley Liam , Gregory William J. , Jones Arwel W. , McPhee Jamie S.
Published: October 2022

Objective

To determine cardiorespiratory fitness and neuromuscular function of people with CFS and FMS compared to healthy individuals.

Design

Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data sources

PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, AMED, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and PEDro from inception to June 2022.

Eligible criteria for selecting studies

Studies were included if presenting baseline data on cardiorespiratory fitness and/or neuromuscular function from observational or interventional studies of patients diagnosed with FMS or CFS. Participants were aged 18 years or older, with results also provided for healthy controls. Risk of bias assessment was conducted using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies (EPHPP).

Results

99 studies including 9853 participants (5808 patients; 4405 healthy controls) met our eligibility criteria. Random effects meta-analysis showed lower cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max, anaerobic threshold, peak lactate) and neuromuscular function (MVC, fatigability, voluntary activation, muscle volume, muscle mass, rate of perceived exertion) in CFS and FMS compared to controls: all with moderate to high effect sizes.

Discussion

Our results demonstrate lower cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle function in those living with FMS or CFS when compared to controls. There were indications of dysregulated neuro-muscular interactions including heightened perceptions of effort, reduced ability to activate the available musculature during exercise and reduced tolerance of exercise.

Trail registration

PROSPERO registration number: (CRD42020184108).
Skin microbiota of oxazolone-induced contact hypersensitivity mouse model
Authors: Mäenpää Kuunsäde , Wang Shuyuan , Ilves Marit , El-Nezami Hani , Alenius Harri , Sinkko Hanna , Karisola Piia
Published: October 2022

Contact allergy is a common skin allergy, which can be studied utilising contact hypersensitivity (CHS) animal model. However, it is not clear, whether CHS is a suitable model to investigate skin microbiota interactions. We characterised the effect of contact dermatitis on the skin microbiota and studied the biological effects of oxazolone (OXA) -induced inflammation on skin thickness, immune cell numbers and changes of the microbiota in CHS mouse model (n = 72) for 28 days. Through 16S rRNA gene sequencing we defined the composition of bacterial communities and associations of bacteria with inflammation. We observed that the vehicle solution of acetone and olive oil induced bacterial community changes on day 1, and OXA-induced changes were observed mainly on day 7. Many of the notably enriched bacteria present in the OXA-challenged positive group represented the genus Faecalibaculum which were most likely derived from the cage environment. Additionally, skin inflammation correlated negatively with Streptococcus, which is considered a native skin bacterium, and positively with Muribacter muris, which is typical in oral environment. Skin inflammation favoured colonisation of cage-derived faecal bacteria, and additionally mouse grooming transferred oral bacteria on the skin. Due to the observed changes, we conclude that CHS model could be used for certain skin microbiome-related research set-ups. However, since vehicle exposure can alter the skin microbiome as such, future studies should include considerations such as careful control sampling and statistical tests to account for potential confounding factors.
Role of leukotriene B4 (LTB4)-LTB4 receptor 1 signaling in post-incisional nociceptive sensitization and local inflammation in mice
Authors: Asahara Miho , Ito Nobuko , Hoshino Yoko , Sasaki Takaharu , Yokomizo Takehiko , Nakamura Motonao , Shimizu Takao , Yamada Yoshitsugu
Published: October 2022

Leukotriene B4(LTB4) is a potent lipid mediator involved in the recruitment and activation of neutrophils, which is an important feature of tissue injury and inflammation. The biological effects of LTB4are primarily mediated through the high-affinity LTB4receptor, BLT1. Postoperative incisional pain is characterized by persistent acute pain at the site of tissue injury and is associated with local inflammation. Here, we compared the role of LTB4-BLT1 signaling in postoperative incisional pain between BLT1-knockout (BLT1KO) and wild-type (BLT1WT) mice. A planter incision model was developed, and mechanical pain hypersensitivity was determined using the von Frey test before and after incision. Local infiltration of neutrophils and inflammatory monocytes was quantified by flow cytometry. Inflammatory cytokine levels in the incised tissue were also determined. Mechanical pain hypersensitivity was significantly reduced in BLT1KO mice compared to BLT1WT mice at 2, 3, and 4 days after incision. LTB4levels in the tissue at the incision site peaked 3 hours after the incision. Infiltrated neutrophils peaked 1 day after the incision in both BLT1KO and BLT1WT mice. The accumulation of inflammatory monocytes increased 1–3 days after the incision and was significantly more reduced in BLT1KO mice than in BLT1WT mice. In BLT1KO mice, Interleukin-1β and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α levels 1 day after the incision were significantly lower than those of BLT1WT mice. Our data suggest that LTB4is produced and activates its receptor BLT1 in the very early phase of tissue injury, and that LTB4-BLT1 signaling exacerbates pain responses by promoting local infiltration of inflammatory monocytes and cytokine production. Thus, LTB4-BLT1 signaling is a potential target for therapeutic intervention of acute and persistent pain induced by tissue injury.
Validation of deep learning-based markerless 3D pose estimation
Authors: Kosourikhina Veronika , Kavanagh Diarmuid , Richardson Michael J. , Kaplan David M.
Published: October 2022

Deep learning-based approaches to markerless 3D pose estimation are being adopted by researchers in psychology and neuroscience at an unprecedented rate. Yet many of these tools remain unvalidated. Here, we report on the validation of one increasingly popular tool (DeepLabCut) against simultaneous measurements obtained from a reference measurement system (Fastrak) with well-known performance characteristics. Our results confirm close (mm range) agreement between the two, indicating that under specific circumstances deep learning-based approaches can match more traditional motion tracking methods. Although more work needs to be done to determine their specific performance characteristics and limitations, this study should help build confidence within the research community using these new tools.
Using a pedotransfer (PTF) model to establish GIS-based maps for the main physical and hydraulic soil properties in the eastern region of the Al-Ahsa Oasis, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Saeedi Abdullah Hassan
Published: October 2022

This study aims to produce digital maps showing the physical and hydraulic soil properties of the Al-Ahsa Oasis in Saudi Arabia by employing the capabilities of the GIS technique. These maps can display the pattern distribution of different physical and hydraulic properties of soil accurately and accessibly. Recently developed local pedotransfer function (PTF) models were applied to the basic soil data of earlier research covering 566 points. An analysis was conducted using a spatial interpolation technique of the GIS program. Maps of spatial patterns described essential soil physical and hydraulic properties such as sand%, silt%, clay%, bulk density (ρ), saturation (θs), field capacity (FC), wilting point (WP), and soil water characteristic curve (SWCC) fitting parameters b, c, d. Sand dominates most of the study area, particularly in the northeast near Hufof. This may be attributed to the deposition of drifting sand and dune movement. Silt and clay increased in other locations. Bulk density ρ was positively increased with sand and negatively with silt and CaCO3 content. Soil hydraulic properties (θ, FC, WP, and SWCC fitting parameters b, c, d) were positively correlated with silt and ρ and negatively with sand content. This digital map can be employed for a general overview investigation, for the whole studied area, for agricultural expansion and for environmental studies.
Factors associated with catastrophic health expenditure in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review
Authors: Eze Paul , Lawani Lucky Osaheni , Agu Ujunwa Justina , Amara Linda Uzo , Okorie Cassandra Anurika , Acharya Yubraj
Published: October 2022

Objective

A non-negligible proportion of sub-Saharan African (SSA) households experience catastrophic costs accessing healthcare. This study aimed to systematically review the existing evidence to identify factors associated with catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) incidence in the region.

Methods

We searched PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, CNKI, Africa Journal Online, SciELO, PsycINFO, and Web of Science, and supplemented these with search of grey literature, pre-publication server deposits, Google Scholar®, and citation tracking of included studies. We assessed methodological quality of included studies using the Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies for quantitative studies and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist for qualitative studies; and synthesized study findings according to the guidelines of the Economic and Social Research Council.

Results

We identified 82 quantitative, 3 qualitative, and 4 mixed-methods studies involving 3,112,322 individuals in 650,297 households in 29 SSA countries. Overall, we identified 29 population-level and 38 disease-specific factors associated with CHE incidence in the region. Significant population-level CHE-associated factors were rural residence, poor socioeconomic status, absent health insurance, large household size, unemployed household head, advanced age (elderly), hospitalization, chronic illness, utilization of specialist healthcare, and utilization of private healthcare providers. Significant distinct disease-specific factors were disability in a household member for NCDs; severe malaria, blood transfusion, neonatal intensive care, and distant facilities for maternal and child health services; emergency surgery for surgery/trauma patients; and low CD4-count, HIV and TB co-infection, and extra-pulmonary TB for HIV/TB patients.

Conclusions

Multiple household and health system level factors need to be addressed to improve financial risk protection and healthcare access and utilization in SSA.

Protocol registration

PROSPERO CRD42021274830
Circular bioeconomy in African food systems: What is the status quo? Insights from Rwanda, DRC, and Ethiopia
Authors: Sekabira Haruna , Nijman Elke , Späth Leonhard , Krütli Pius , Schut Marc , Vanlauwe Bernard , Wilde Benjamin , Kintche Kokou , Kantengwa Speciose , Feyso Abayneh , Kigangu Byamungu , Six Johan
Published: October 2022

Increasing global food insecurity amidst a growing population and diminishing production resources renders the currently dominant linear production model insufficient to combat such challenges. Hence, a circular bioeconomy (CBE) model that ensures more conservative use of resources has become essential. Specifically, a CBE model that focuses on recycling and reusing organic waste is essential to close nutrient loops and establish more resilient rural-urban nexus food systems. However, the CBE status quo in many African food systems is not established. Moreover, scientific evidence on CBE in Africa is almost inexistent, thus limiting policy guidance to achieving circular food systems. Using a sample of about 2,100 farmers and consumers from key food value chains (cassava in Rwanda, coffee in DRC, and bananas in Ethiopia), we explored existing CBE practices; awareness, knowledge, and support for CBE practices; consumers’ opinions on eating foods grown on processed organic waste (CBE fertilizers), and determinants of such opinions. We analysed data in Stata, first descriptively, and then econometrically using the ordered logistic regression, whose proportional odds assumption was violated, thus resorting to the generalized ordered logistic regression. Results show that communities practice aspects of CBE, mainly composting, and are broadly aware, knowledgeable, supportive of CBE practices, and would broadly accept eating foods grown CBE fertilizers. Households with heads that used mobile phones, or whose heads were older, or married, or had a better education and agricultural incomes were more likely to strongly agree that they were knowledgeable and supportive of CBE practices and would eat CBE foods (foods grown on processed organic waste). However, the reverse was true for households that were severely food insecure or lived farther from towns. Rwandan and Ethiopian households compared to DRC were less likely to eat CB foods. Policies to stimulate CBE investments in all three countries were largely absent, and quality scientific evidence to guide their development and implementation is currently insufficient.
Origin of scarlet gynogenetic triploid Carassius fish: Implications for conservation of the sexual–gynogenetic complex
Authors: Mishina Tappei , Nomoto Kazuhiro , Machida Yoshiyasu , Hariu Tsutomu , Watanabe Katsutoshi
Published: October 2022

Conservation of sperm-dependent asexual (gynogenetic) species is challenging due to their complicated ecological dynamics, which requires the stable coexistence with their sperm-providing sexual relatives, who often share similar niches. A symbolic but vulnerable gynogenetic animal is the scarlet Carassius fish, or Hibuna, which is mainly found in Lake Harutori on Hokkaido, Japan. Although Hibuna in Lake Harutori has been protected as a symbol of the Natural Monument of Japan, it has recently suffered population decline. To establish an effective conservation strategy for Hibuna, we investigated its origin, reproductive mode, and genetic diversity, with reference to the surrounding wild populations, using nuclear microsatellites and mitochondrial gene sequences. Our genetic analyses revealed that the main ploidy of Hibuna was triploid or tetraploid, and it reproduces gynogenetically. However, no co-existing sexual diploid Carassius was detected among our samples, suggesting that the sexual diploids and the gynogenetic population including Hibuna would be at risk of co-extirpation. In addition, Hibuna showed high genetic/clonal diversity and most Hibuna had nonindigenous mitochondrial haplotypes that are mostly identical to those reported from goldfish. These results indicate that Hibuna most probably originated from hybridization between indigenous gynogenetic triploids and goldfish introduced about 100 years ago, involving rare sexual reproduction. This spontaneous long-term field experiment exemplifies the recently documented diversification process of gynogenetic Carassius via complex interploidy gene flow. Although the priority to be placed on the conservation of Hibuna is controversial, the maintenance of gynogenetic Carassius, including Hibuna, requires strategic conservation of sexual populations.
The use of video laryngoscopy outside the operating room: A systematic review
Authors: Perkins Emma J. , Begley Jonathan L. , Brewster Fiona M. , Hanegbi Nathan D. , Ilancheran Arun A. , Brewster David J.
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to describe how video laryngoscopy is used outside the operating room within the hospital setting. Specifically, we aimed to summarise the evidence for the use of video laryngoscopy outside the operating room, and detail how it appears in current clinical practice guidelines. A literature search was conducted across two databases (MEDLINE and Embase), and all articles underwent screening for relevance to our aims and pre-determined exclusion criteria. Our results include 14 clinical practice guidelines, 12 interventional studies, 38 observational studies. Our results show that video laryngoscopy is likely to improve glottic view and decrease the incidence of oesophageal intubations; however, it remains unclear as to how this contributes to first-pass success, overall intubation success and clinical outcomes such as mortality outside the operating room. Furthermore, our results indicate that the appearance of video laryngoscopy in clinical practice guidelines has increased in recent years, and particularly through the COVID-19 pandemic. Current COVID-19 airway management guidelines unanimously introduce video laryngoscopy as a first-line (rather than rescue) device.
Male survivorship and the evolution of eusociality in partially bivoltine sweat bees
Authors: Gruber Jodie , Field Jeremy
Published: October 2022

Eusociality, where workers typically forfeit their own reproduction to assist their mothers in raising siblings, is a fundamental paradox in evolutionary biology. By sacrificing personal reproduction, helpers pay a significant cost, which must be outweighed by indirect fitness benefits of helping to raise siblings. In 1983, Jon Seger developed a model showing how in the haplodiploid Hymenoptera (ants, wasps and bees), a partially bivoltine life cycle with alternating sex ratios may have promoted the evolution of eusociality. Seger predicted that eusociality would be more likely to evolve in hymenopterans where a foundress produces a male-biased first brood sex ratio and a female-biased second brood. This allows first brood females to capitalize on super-sister relatedness through helping to produce the female-biased second brood. In Seger’s model, the key factor driving alternating sex ratios was that first brood males survive to mate with females of both the second and the first brood, reducing the reproductive value of second brood males. Despite being potentially critical in the evolution of eusociality, however, male survivorship has received little empirical attention. Here, we tested whether first brood males survive across broods in the facultatively eusocial sweat bee Halictus rubicundus. We obtained high estimates of survival and, while recapture rates were low, at least 10% of first brood males survived until the second brood. We provide empirical evidence supporting Seger’s model. Further work, measuring brood sex ratios and comparing abilities of first and second brood males to compete for fertilizations, is required to fully parameterize the model.
Natural spatial pattern—When mutual socio-geo distances between cities follow Benford’s law
Authors: Kopczewska Katarzyna , Kopczewski Tomasz
Published: October 2022

Benford’s law states that the first digits of numbers in any natural dataset appear with defined frequencies. Pioneering, we use Benford distribution to analyse the geo-location of cities and their population in the majority of countries. We use distances in three dimensions: 1D between the population values, 2D between the cities, based on geo-coordinates of location, 3D between cities’ location and population, which jointly reflects separation and mass of urban locations. We get four main findings. Firstly, we empirically show that mutual 3D socio-geo distances between cities and populations in most countries conform with Benford’s law, and thus the urban geo-locations have natural spatial distribution. Secondly, we show empirically that the population of cities within countries follows the composition of gamma (1,1) distributions and that 1D distance between populations also conforms to Benford’s law. Thirdly, we pioneer in replicating spatial natural distribution–we discover in simulation that a mixture of three pure point-patterns: clustered, ordered and random in proportions 15:3:2 makes the 2D spatial distribution Benford-like. Complex 3D Benford-like patterns can be built upon 2D (spatial) Benford distribution and gamma (1,1) distribution of cities’ sizes. This finding enables generating 2D and 3D Benford distributions, which may replicate well the urban settlement. Fourth, we use historical settlement analysis to claim that the geo-location of cities and inhabitants worldwide followed the evolutionary process, resulting in natural Benford-like spatial distribution and to justify our statistical findings. Those results are very novel. This study develops new spatial distribution to simulate natural locations. It shows that evolutionary settlement patterns resulted in the natural location of cities, and historical distortions in urbanisation, even if persistent till now, are being evolutionary corrected.
Real-Time fast PCR amplification using designated and conventional real time thermal cycler systems: COVID-19 perspective
Authors: Hossain Md. Walid , Hossain Mohabbat , Arafath Khalid , Ety Subarna Sayed , Shetu Md. Mahade Hasan , Kabir Mazbahul , Noor Farjana Akther , Mannoor Kaiissar
Published: October 2022

The study aimed to shorten multiplex RT-PCR run time for detection of SARS CoV-2 N1 and N2 sequences and human RNase P (RP) sequence as internal mRNA control using conventional and designated real time thermal cycler systems. Optimization of Fast PCR protocol using plasmid-based N1 and N2 positive control and synthetic version of human RP was done on Applied Biosystems (ABI) QuantStudioTM5 (conventional), ABI 7500 Fast Dx (designated), and CFX96 Touch Real Time Detection System, Bio-Rad (conventional). Finally, a performance evaluation of Fast PCR was performed in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and precision. For a 40-cycle PCR with optimized Fast PCR protocols on QuantStudioTM5, ABI 7500 Fast Dx, and CFX96 Touch (conventional), standard/regular versus Fast PCR run times (min) were 84 vs. 49, 96 vs. 48, and 103 vs. 61, thereby saving 35, 48, and 43 min, respectively. For each thermal cycler, Standard and Fast PCR generated identical shapes of fluorescence curves, Ct values, and (3) R2 (0.95 to 0.99) for 5 10-log dilution panels of each positive control. The fast PCR approach generated results with 100% sensitivity and specificity. Median test comparisons between standard PCR and Fast PCR Cts of COVID-19 samples did not produce significance (p>0.5), suggesting that Fast PCR and Standard PCR were comparable. Also, the median and mean of each target had closely-related values, further suggesting that the two approaches were comparable. That is, there is an equivalency between Conventional and Fast PCR instruments for detection of COVID-19.
The composition of heavy minerals of the sandy lands, Northeast China and their implications for tracing detrital sources
Authors: Sun Lei , Xie Yuanyun , Kang Chunguo , Chi Yunping , Wu Peng , Wei Zhenyu , Li Siqi , Zhao Qian , Liu Shuo
Published: October 2022

Comprehending heavy mineral composition of the sandy land in Northeast China (NESL) is of great significance for interpreting generation, pathways, source and geochemistry of sediments in this area. To this end, the fine-grained (<63 μm) aeolian-fluvial sediments and loess deposits, which were taken from the Onqin Daga Sandy Land, the Horqin Sandy Land, the Hulun Buir Sandy Land and the Songnen Sandy Land, and from the downwind loess section (L1), respectively, were analyzed to construct the heavy mineral data set of NESL source and sink and to evaluate feasibility of the heavy mineral method in tracing the source of aeolian dust in Northeast China. Additionally, the <63 μm, 63–125 μm and 125–250 μm fractions of the fluvial sands from the different Balan River reaches having a same source, were analyzed to valuate the impact of the river transport-sedimentation process on the heavy mineral composition. The results show that the NESL shows moderate similarities in the heavy mineral composition, with ilmenite, epidote, zircon and amphibole as the primary minerals. In the source-to-sink system in the NESL, limited by sedimentary differentiation, post-deposition alteration and similar source material composition, the heavy mineral composition of the loess and that of sandy-land sources does not well correlate, indicating single heavy mineral method is incapable of unequivocally detecting loess sources when not considering the physical geographical conditions. The sediments in the different Balan River reaches show clear diversities and grain-size dependency in heavy minerals composition, indicating the river transport-deposition processes exert a clear control on the heavy-mineral composition in the sediment downstream. Both a wide grain-size window and more numbers of samples are needed to obtain a complete heavy-mineral picture in the source area.
Impact of dietary inclusion of Chenopodium quinoa on growth performance and survival of Hubbard chicken
Authors: Mustafa Samina , Riaz Muhammad Ahsan , Masoud Muhammad Shareef , Qasim Muhammad , Riaz Ayesha
Published: October 2022

The poultry sector is the most vibrant segment of the agriculture system plays a vital role in the supply of healthy meat products. Broiler production effectiveness is greatly associated with feed formulation. Although, broiler exhibits a relatively fast growth rate, the nutritional profile of its meat has been criticized under conventional human dietary regimes. In the current study, the dietary inclusion of quinoa was assessed to improve broiler growth performance, carcass quality, and health by analyzing different growth, hematological and biochemical, immunological parameters. In the present study, the chicken was fed with 50 g/kg, 100 g/kg, and 200 g/kg quinoa enriched diets in two different experimental groups during the growth phase or finisher phase while chicken fed with diet without quinoa were as control. The 50 g/kg quinoa supplemented chicken group revealed a substantial difference in growth performance in comparison with the control group. In addition, the examination of quinoa dietary supplementation on carcass quality exhibited variable behavior. Further, all the study groups fed with quinoa during the growth phase revealed no remarkable difference in the hematological profile in contrast to the control group except for the chicken group fed (50 g/Kg) during the finisher phase for hemoglobin levels. Likewise, all the quinoa enriched diet given chicken groups showed no significant difference in serum biochemical profile in contrast to the control group except for the 50 g/Kg quinoa fed chicken group during the finisher phase for total globulin levels. In addition, the examination of quinoa dietary supplementation on the broiler serum lipid profile was also assessed and birds exhibited variable behavior as the result of quinoa dietary supplementation. Evaluation of short-term immune response after quinoa supplementation assessed and birds exhibited no marked significance on expression outcomes of interleukin/cytokines (IL 1 beta, IL-6, IL-10) assessed by qRT-PCR analysis. In conclusion, the dietary supplementation of broiler fed with quinoa seeds can enhance the growth performance and the carcass quality of broiler.
A study of the impact of land transfer decisions on household income in rural China
Authors: Wang Peng , Wang Fanzhi
Published: October 2022

As an important measure to enhance the allocation of land resources and achieve moderate scale operation in China, land transfer has an irreplaceable role in giving full play to the social and economic value of land. This paper uses data from the China Family Panel Studies in 2018 and applies OLS, PSM and mediator effects to study the impact of land transfer on household income. The results of the study show that: firstly, participation in land transfer can significantly increase the income level of farming households, but the impact of different land transfer acts on household income varies. Secondly, the age and physical condition of the household head, the number of agricultural and non-agricultural members in the household and the poverty status of the household all have a negative effect on household income. On the other hand, the education level of the household head, the household size and the presence of village officials in the household, agricultural subsidies, land titling and land size all have a positive effect on household income. Thirdly, the impact on household income for households that did not participate in land transfer is greater than for those that did. The results of the mediator effect test show that land transfer has a significant effect on household farm income, and that farm income has a full mediator effect, but all have a positive significant effect on household income.
Respiratory symptoms and cardiovascular causes of deaths: A population-based study with 45 years of follow-up
Authors: Stavem Knut , Schirmer Henrik , Gulsvik Amund
Published: October 2022

This study determined the association between respiratory symptoms and death from cardiovascular (CV) diseases during 45 years in a pooled sample of four cohorts of random samples of the Norwegian population with 95,704 participants. Respiratory symptoms were assessed using a modification of the MRC questionnaire on chronic bronchitis. We analyzed the association between respiratory symptoms and specific cardiovascular deaths by using Cox regression analysis with age as the time variable, accounting for cluster-specific random effects using shared frailty for study cohort. Hazard ratios (HR) for death were adjusted for sex, highest attained education, smoking habits, occupational air pollution, and birth cohort. Overall, 12,491 (13%) of participants died from CV diseases: 4,123 (33%) acute myocardial infarction, 2,326 (18%) other ischemic heart disease, 2,246 (18%) other heart diseases, 2,553 (20%) cerebrovascular diseases, and 1,120 (9%) other vascular diseases. The adjusted HR (95% confidence interval) for CV deaths was 1.9 (1.7–2.1) in men and 1.5 (1.2–1.9) in women for “yes” to the question “Are you breathless when you walk on level ground at an ordinary pace?”. The same item response showed an adjusted HR for death from acute myocardial infarction of 1.8 (1.5–2.1), other ischemic heart disease 2.2 (1.8–2.7), other heart diseases 1.5 (1.1–1.9), cerebrovascular disease 1.8 (1.5–2.3), and other circulatory diseases 1.7 (1.2–2.4). The adjusted HR for CV death was 1.3 (1.2–1.4) when answering positive to the question” Are you more breathless than people of your own age when walking uphill?”. However, positive answers to questions on cough, phlegm, wheezing and attacks of breathlessness were after adjustments not associated with early CV deaths. The associations between CV deaths and breathlessness were also present in never smokers. Self-reported breathlessness was associated with CV deaths and could be an early marker of CV deaths.
Remastering Prince and authenticity: Marketing the posthumous cultural artefacts of a past musical life
Authors: Raj Sony Jalarajan , Suresh Adith K.
Published: October 2022

Hailed as one of the most versatile artists of his time, Prince is marked in history for his revolutionary music that rendered his appearance as a cultural icon across various music aficionados around the world. The posthumous evolution of Prince’s legacy is largely embedded in the reproduction and (re)release of material that not only presents him as a music artist but a commercial product for the market. This created a new cultural space where the reception of an exceptional creative artist found new dimensions, and the commercial value of his musical life became equally important as its cultural and artistic significance. The release of the Super Deluxe Sign o’ the Times 2020 box set is one of the recent evidence of such a situation in which material enacted as cultural artefacts preserves and transposes Prince to a new generation of musical reception. This article analyses the ideas of marketability and authenticity in the contemporary era reception of Prince and its ongoing attempts to appropriate cultural artefacts through commodification and commercialization. It argues that cultural artefacts do not replicate the authentic lived career of Prince but, on the contrary, they reflect the past legacy of an iconic star to maintain his marketability in a new era of music, performance and cultural activities.
Límites de estabilidad en los distintos patrones posturográficos. Estudio de cohortes.
Authors: Fernández-Nava María José , Ferreira Cendón Sofía , Alonso de la Iglesia Sara , Cecilio Rivas María de las Mercedes , Alonso San Eloy Ana Belén , Batuecas Caletrío Ángel
Published: October 2022

Introducción y objetivo: El desarrollo de las plataformas dinamométricas computerizadas ha significado una evolución trascendental en la medición del equilibrio en bipedestación estática. El objetivo principal de nuestro estudio es determinar la relación entre los límites de estabilidad y el tipo de información que utilizan estos pacientes para mantener el equilibrio.

Método: Estudio de cohortes retrospectivo de una muestra de 70 pacientes a partir del análisis de los resultados obtenidos en las posturografías dinámicas computerizadas (PDC) realizadas en la Unidad de Otoneurología del Servicio de Otorrinolaringología y Cirugía de Cabeza y Cuello del Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca.

Resultados: No hay ningún tipo de déficit en 28 de los 70 pacientes a los que se realizó una PDC. La media de los límites de estabilidad en los pacientes con un valor compuesto patológico es menor que los pacientes con un compuesto normal, siendo esta relación estadísticamente significativa (p<0,05). Los pacientes con mayor afectación de los límites de estabilidad son aquellos que no hacen un buen uso de la información vestibular y visual.

Discusión / Conclusiones: Es importante analizar si el paciente usa correctamente la información vestibular para mantener el equilibrio y de no ser así, promover estrategias de rehabilitación para reducir el riesgo de caídas.
Use of logistic regression and GIS techniques in the analysis of forest cover dynamics in Mabote and Funhalouro, Inhambane, southern Mozambique
Authors: Macandza Manuel Madeira
Published: October 2022

This article seeks to use logistic regression and GIS techniques as a way to understand the influence of forest policy on the dynamics of forest cover in the study area. For this, we chose the following variables: Dynamics of forest cover as the dependentvariable; precipitation, temperature, simple license, forest concession, volume of charcoal exploited, agricultural areas, villages, and population dynamics as independent variables. From the correlation, the variables that showed significance in the model are simple license, temperature, and volume of charcoal exploited. But the logistic regression model showed that the simple license and temperature variants are significantly important for the model. This does not rule out the existence of other variables that may explain the phenomenon. Thus, the constructed logistic regression model points out that the simple license predictor is statistically more significant in explaining the variation in forest cover compared with temperature. Simple licensing is oneof the modalities that forestry policy in Mozambique has adopted for forest licensing. And many of the operators prefer this type of license. Temperature inversely influences the dynamics of forest cover, causing water stress in plants. While the variablevolume of coal explored, its influence is significantly smaller.
Rainfall in Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro: characterization, extreme events, and trends
Authors: Lima Sofia Siqueira , Armond Núbia Beray
Published: October 2022

Physical-natural, economic, social, and spatial factors constitute processes that, when associated, form and give meaning to the spatial complexity of the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro, configuring it as a susceptible and vulnerable space to the occurrence of climate exceptionalities. Thus, this paper aims to analyze the spatial and temporal variability of extreme precipitation events in the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro. Daily data regarding 48 rainfall stations were used: 40 stations in a series from 2008 to 2019 and 8 stations concerning the period between 1970 and 2019. The percentile technique was used to establish standard years (1, 10, 90, and 99 percentile) and to define the extremes (99th percentile). The R software was used to perform autocorrelation tests, to extract the RX1Day and RX5Day indices, and to perform the Mann-Kendall, Pettitt, and Sen's Slope tests. The influence of altitude, slope orientation, and sea level was verified on the spatial distribution of precipitation and extreme events.The years with the highest occurrence of extremes, as well as concentrated and persistent events of greater magnitude, are identified as rainy and extremely rainy, namely 1988 e 2009. 90% of extremes occur in the rainy season, especially during December, January, and March. However, April manifests extremes of a greater magnitude. Four stations with negative and two with positive trends were identified.
Infections and systemic vasculitis
Authors: Belov B. S. , Egorova O. N. , Tarasova G. M. , Muravieva N. V.
Published: October 2022

Infections and systemic vasculitis (SV) are characterized by mutual influence, which increases the risk of occurrence, aggravates the course and outcome of the disease. The review considers the issues related to both the trigger role of infections in the development of SV and comorbid infections (CI) that complicate the course of the disease. Recognition of the infectious etiology of SV is of great importance, since it requires a comprehensive examination and, if necessary, early and complete etiotropic treatment. Since SV per se and the use of both induction and maintenance immunosuppressive therapy are significant risk factors for secondary CIs, special attention should be paid to the prevention of the latter, including vaccination, primarily against influenza and pneumococcal infections.
Innovations for the sustainability transformation: Conceptual cornerstones of the saguf working group INSIST
Authors: Bornemann Basil , Bergman Max , Ejderyan Olivier , Fritz Livia , Kläy Andreas , Wäger Patrick
Published: October 2022

How can we understand, analyze and design innovations for the sustainability transformation? The newly formed saguf working group INSIST explores the links between sustainability, innovation and transformation in theoretical, empirical and practical respects. The focus is to
move away from a technicist framework of ecological modernization to a more reflexive and inclusive concept of transformative innovation.
Transitivity Analysis Annotation Scheme and Its Application to CQPweb: A Study on Stephen King’s Carrie
Authors: Astriyanti Amanda Hanna , Prihantoro Prihantoro
Published: October 2022

In this study, I aim to create a Transitivity Analysis Annotation Scheme (TAAS) within which, process types and clause patterns are taken into account. Once created, TAAS is applied to a corpus data, obtained from a novel entitled Carrie [8]. The scheme is manually implemented using XML format. The XML formatted corpus is converted to a format accepted in CQPweb [6], a corpus query tool. The corpus is tokenised using the Perl tokenizer, in TreeTagger [10]. Once tokenised, the corpus is tagged using English TreeTagger [10], which supplies two grammatical annotations (Part of Speech and Lemma). The annotated corpus is then indexed to CQPweb. Once indexed, users are able to search the annotated corpus using transitivity analytic labels, POS tags and lemma, in CQPweb. Keywords: transitivity analysis; annotation; corpus linguistics; CQPweb
AIR MENGALIR TIDAK SAMPAI JAUH: KONFLIK SUMBER DAYA AIR DI BOYALALI JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Harsasto Priyatno
Published: October 2022

In addition to physical destruction, societies emerging from conflict faced an erosion of social capital, understood as the basis for joint community actions and the social cohesion that needs to underpin a country-owned development effort. Based on an increasing focus on participatory and community-based approaches, there will be a need to better understand the linkages and potential between conflict and community-driven development. There was need to rebuild communities and their social capital from the bottom which acknowledges that local communities possess the core skills, incentives and organizational capacity to decide on and imple-ment a large number of development projects.
PERKEMBANGAN FUNGSI PERKOTAAN KAWASAN KOTABARU, KOTA YOGYAKARTA DITINJAU PADA PERIODE 1925 DAN 2021
Authors: Kartikakirana Renindya Azizza , Neritarani Rivi
Published: October 2022

Perkembangan kawasan dipengaruhi oleh perkembangan aktivitas manusia dan kebijakan di kawasan tersebut. Hal ini menyebabkan perkembangan fungsi kawasan. Kawasan Kotabaru merupakan kawasan lama di Kota Yogyakarta yang keberadaannya sudah ada sejak dahulu dan telah mengalami perkembangan sampai saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi perkembangan fungsi Kawasan Kotabaru. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan pendekatan deduktif-kuantitatif-kualitatif. Unit amatan dalam penelitian ini yaitu peta lama tahun 1925 dan citra google earth tahun 2021. Adapun unit analisis dalam penelitian ini yaitu fungsi Kawasan Kotabaru. Pendekatan kuantitatif digunakan untuk menemukan besaran fungsi bangunan. Adapun pendekatan kualitatif digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menyimpulkan hasil dominasi fungsi di kawasan ini, serta analisis lebih lanjut dikaikan dengan Rencana Detil Tata Ruang pada kawasan ini. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa terjadi perkembangan fungsi kawasan di Kawasan Kotabaru, dari fungsi permukiman di tahun 1925 berubah menjadi fungsi pendidikan di tahun 2021. Perubahan fungsi perkotaan juga merupakan upaya pemenuhan kebutuhan masyarakat, di tengah terbatasnya lahan di kota menyebabkan alih fungsi bangunan lama atau bersejarah menjadi hal yang tak terhindarkan. Oleh karena itu agar bangunan-bangunan lama yang dibangun pada awal Kawasan Kotabaru tidak hilang ataupun hancur, perlu dilakukan pengawasan dan pengendalian.
Razvoj raziskovalnih metod za karakterizacijo združb arbuskularnih mikoriznih gliv in potencialni vpliv biodiverzitete glivnih endofitov na vegetacijo
Authors: MAČEK Irena
Published: October 2022

Karakterizacija in kvantifikacija funkcionalne in taksonomske raznolikosti mikrobnih združb je ključnega pomena za razumevanje vseh vidikov mikrobne ekologije in je povezana tudi širše z razumevanjem delovanja ekosistemov. Arbuskularna mikoriza predstavlja najbolj razširjeno in starodavno simbiozo na Zemlji, saj so arbuskularne mikorizne (AM) glive prisotne v koreninah več kot dveh tretjin vseh rastlinskih vrst. V dobrem desetletju od objave preglednega članka o uporabi molekulskih pristopov pri raziskavah arbuskularne mikorize v reviji Acta Agriculturae Slovenica (Maček, 2009) je razvoj metodologije, predvsem tehnologije določanja nukleotidnega zaporedja (sekvenciranja) naslednjih generacij (NGS), močno pospešil raziskave raznolikosti in ekologije združb AM gliv in drugih koreninskih endofitov. V tem članku so predstavljene novosti na področju raziskav endofitskih gliv v koreninah rastlin, s poudarkom na aktualnem pristopu k raziskavam v ekologiji in taksonomiji AM gliv, ter sistem njihove klasifikacije s tako imenovanimi virtualnimi taksoni (VT). Slednji je zelo uporaben za namen ekoloških raziskav in širše primerjave različnih študij med sabo. Na kratko je predstavljen tudi vpliv klimatskih in talnih lastnosti okolja na sestavo združb in pojavljanje posameznih taksonov AM gliv v različnih ekosistemih.