bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Novel Two-Component Regulatory System BfiSR Regulates Biofilm Development by Controlling the Small RNArsmZthrough CafA
Authors: Petrova Olga E. , Sauer Karin
Published: July 2010

The formation of biofilms by the opportunistic pathogenPseudomonas aeruginosais a developmental process governed by a novel signal transduction system composed of three two-component regulatory systems (TCSs), BfiSR, BfmSR, and MifSR. Here, we show that BfiSR-dependent arrest of biofilm formation coincided with reduced expression of genes involved in virulence, posttranslational/transcriptional modification, and Rhl quorum sensing but increased expression ofrhlABand the small regulatory RNAsrsmYZ. Overexpression ofrsmZ, but notrsmY, coincided with impaired biofilm development similar to inactivation ofbfiSandretS. We furthermore show that BfiR binds to the 5′ untranslated region ofcafAencoding RNase G. Lack ofcafAexpression coincided with impaired biofilm development and increasedrsmYZlevels during biofilm growth compared to the wild type. Overexpression ofcafArestored ΔbfiSbiofilm formation to wild-type levels and reducedrsmZabundance. Moreover, inactivation ofbfiSresulted in reduced virulence, as revealed by two plant models of infection. This work describes the regulation of a committed biofilm developmental step following attachment by the novel TCS BfiSR through the suppression of sRNArsmZvia the direct regulation of RNase G in a biofilm-specific manner, thus underscoring the importance of posttranscriptional mechanisms in controlling biofilm development and virulence.
The Insertion Sequences of
Anabaena
sp. Strain PCC 7120 and Their Effects on Its Open Reading Frames
Authors: Wolk C. Peter , Lechno-Yossef Sigal , Jäger Karin M.
Published: July 2010

Anabaena
sp. strain PCC 7120, widely studied, has 145 annotated transposase genes that are part of transposable elements called insertion sequences (ISs). To determine the entirety of the ISs, we aligned transposase genes and their flanking regions; identified the ISs' possible terminal inverted repeats, usually flanked by direct repeats; and compared IS-interrupted sequences with homologous sequences. We thereby determined both ends of 87 ISs bearing 110 transposase genes in eight IS families (
http://www-is.biotoul.fr/
) and in a cluster of unclassified ISs, and of hitherto unknown miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements. Open reading frames were then identified to which ISs contributed and others—some encoding proteins of predictable function, including protein kinases, and restriction endonucleases—that were interrupted by ISs.
Anabaena
sp. ISs were often more closely related to exogenous than to other endogenous ISs, suggesting that numerous variant ISs were not degraded within PCC 7120 but transferred from without. This observation leads to the expectation that further sequencing projects will extend this and similar analyses. We also propose an adaptive role for poly(A) sequences in ISs.
Evidence for VirB4-Mediated Dislocation of Membrane-Integrated VirB2 Pilin during Biogenesis of the
Agrobacterium
VirB/VirD4 Type IV Secretion System
Authors: Kerr Jennifer E. , Christie Peter J.
Published: July 2010

Agrobacterium
VirB2 pilin is required for assembly of the VirB/VirD4 type IV secretion system (T4SS). The propilin is processed by signal sequence cleavage and covalent linkage of the N and C termini, and the cyclized pilin integrates into the inner membrane (IM) as a pool for assembly of the secretion channel and T pilus. Here, by use of the substituted cysteine accessibility method (SCAM), we defined the VirB2 IM topology and then identified distinct contributions of the T4SS ATPase subunits to the pilin structural organization. Labeling patterns of Cys-substituted pilins exposed to the membrane-impermeative, thiol-reactive reagent 3-(
N
-maleimidopropionyl)biocytin (MPB) supported a topology model in which two hydrophobic stretches comprise transmembrane domains, an intervening hydrophilic loop (residues 90 to 94) is cytoplasmic, and the hydrophilic N and C termini joined at residues 48 and 121 form a periplasmic loop. Interestingly, the VirB4 ATPase, but not a Walker A nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) binding motif mutant, induced (i) MPB labeling of Cys94, a residue that in the absence of the ATPase is located in the cytoplasmic loop, and (ii) release of pilin from the IM upon osmotic shock. These findings, coupled with evidence for VirB2-VirB4 complex formation by coimmunoprecipitation, support a model in which VirB4 functions as a dislocation motor to extract pilins from the IM during T4SS biogenesis. The VirB11 ATPase functioned together with VirB4 to induce a structural change in the pilin that was detectable by MPB labeling, suggestive of a role for VirB11 as a modulator of VirB4 dislocase activity.
Use of a wire extender during neuroprotected vertebral artery angioplasty and stenting
Authors: Lesley Walter S , Kumar Ravi , Rangaswamy Rajesh
Published: July 2010

Background

The off-label use of an extender wire during vertebral artery stenting and angioplasty with or with neuroprotection has not been previously reported.

Material and Methods

Retrospective, single-patient, technical report.

Results

After monorail balloon angioplasty was performed on a proximal left vertebral artery stenosis, the 190 cm long Accunet neuroprotection filter device was not long enough for delivery of an over-the-wire stent. After mating a 145 cm long, 0.014 inch extension wire to the filter device, a balloon-mounted Liberté stent was implanted with good angiographic and clinical results.

Conclusion

The off-label use of an extender wire permits successful over-the-wire stenting on a monorail neuroprotection device for vertebral artery endosurgery.
Beyond the 'Long Partition'. From Divisive Geographies of Korea to the Korean 'Meta-Culture'
Authors: Gelézeau Valérie
Published: July 2010

This paper addresses the importance of the post-colonial division of Korea between North and South in shaping not only territorial structures, but also geographical interpretations of contemporary Korea. After a critical analysis of the Korean 'meta-border', the paper discusses how traditional approaches in Korean geography consider the 'long partition' as a backdrop affecting South and North Korean societies. Until the 1990s, this divisive paradigm was expressed in South Korea by the focus on various embodiments of the developmental state at the national scale with great attention on Seoul, or its alternative, the regional problem (chiyok munje). Recent trends in Korean studies acknowledge the peculiarities of the Korean socio-spatial dimensions that disturb multi-scaled borders and boundaries, geographical, national or ethnic. The paper argues that, in the classical paradigm, the division between North and South Korea, internalised at all levels of the socio-spatial spheres, acted as an essential matrix for shaping not only both societies but their narratives in the social sciences. This requires a new geographical approach to Korea, going beyond the partition, from territorial borders between North and South to epistemological borders within Korean geographies, or Korean studies themselves, in order to better grasp the notion of a 'Korean meta-culture'.
Constructing a New Image. Hallyu in Taiwan
Authors: Sung Sang-Yeon
Published: July 2010

This paper discusses how hallyu—the recent influx of Korean popular culture in Taiwan—has transformed the image of South Korea among the people of Taiwan. South Korea and Taiwan share a similar historical past. Nevertheless, the Taiwanese did not have a positive image of South Korea after 1992, when South Korea broke off diplomatic relations with Taiwan in order to establish diplomatic relations with mainland China. This work is based on ethnographic research done in Taiwan and South Korea from 2001–2003 and 2007–2009. It explores how hallyu has contributed to the rebuilding of the image of South Korea in Taiwan. It discusses Taiwanese perceptions of this image and the role of the South Korean government in improving it. It focuses on how a once-held negative image of South Korea has been transformed. The hallyu boom inspired many Taiwanese to remark on the influence of South Korean dramas and pop music in renewing their relationship with South Korea. It has provided an opportunity for Taiwan and South Korea to build positive relationships after the break-up of their diplomatic relations. Through hallyu, South Korea became a country that Taiwanese want to emulate, a model nation for Taiwan today.
The Right to Survival in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Authors: Song Jiyoung
Published: July 2010

For the past decade, the author has examined North Korean primary public documents and concludes that there have been changes of identities and ideas in the public discourse of human rights in the DPRK: from strong post-colonialism to Marxism-Leninism, from there to the creation of Juche as the state ideology and finally 'our style' socialism. This paper explains the background to Kim Jong Il's 'our style' human rights in North Korea: his broader framework, 'our style' socialism, with its two supporting ideational mechanisms, named 'virtuous politics' and 'military-first politics'. It analyses how some of these characteristics have disappeared while others have been reinforced over time. Marxism has significantly withered away since the end of the Cold War, and communism was finally deleted from the latest 2009 amended Socialist Constitution, whereas the concept of sovereignty has been strengthened and the language of duties has been actively employed by the authority almost as a relapse to the feudal Confucian tradition. The paper also includes some first-hand accounts from North Korean defectors interviewed in South Korea in October–December 2008. They show the perception of ordinary North Koreans on the ideas of human rights.
The Taiwanese Fishing Industry. The Military and Political Complex
Authors: Ta-Yuan Chen
Published: July 2010

Taiwan was subjected to the longest period of martial law in history, from 1948 to 1987, and for this period of time the fishing industry of Taiwan was closely controlled and monitored by the government and the military. From 1951 to 1982, the fisheries authorities of Taiwan were controlled to a large extent by high-ranking military officers. Besides this, the military also used a variety of methods to track the movement of fishermen in distant waters. Under such strict control and surveillance of the government, only a few politicians were willing to speak on behalf of the interests of Taiwan's fishing industry. The situation did not improve until two young men from the local fishing industry were elected into the national parliaments in 1972.
The BBC Arabic Service: Changing Political Mediascapes
Authors: Baumann Gerd , el Issawi Fatima
Published: July 2010

Launched in 1938 as the BBC's first foreign language radio service, 80 years later, in 2008, the BBC Arabic Service also became the first tri-media platform at the World Service offering news and current affairs not only on radio and on online, but also via a fully fledged TV Channel in Arabic. This article traces the intervening transformations by exploring two critical moments in detail and examines why broadcasting to the Middle East has assumed such a pivotal position in the BBC's history. The first step examines selected internal communications between the British government and the BBC during World War Two, and the second outlines the BBC's current choices and strategy of combining the provision of 'impartial' news with new kinds of interactive programming and establishing opportunities for participation in mediated debates among audiences and users across the Middle East and the Arabic-speaking diasporas. Drawing on archival research, observational, and interview data, this article indicates enduring issues and themes that run through the history of the BBC Arabic services. The most important of these concern the dilemma of providing impartial news at the same time as promoting British diplomatic goals and strategic interests in the Greater Middle East.
Broadcasting to Afghanistan: A history of the BBC Pashto Service
Authors: Sreberny Annabelle , Torfeh Massoumeh
Published: July 2010

This paper traces the history of BBC World Service (BBCWS) broadcasts to Afghanistan and the political struggles that led to the establishment of a Pashto language service to complement BBC broadcasting in Persian. The complex linguistic, ethnic, and tribal diversity of Afghanistan makes providing appropriate and relevant news, and an information service in the right language, accent, and idiom for Afghanistan, a daunting task. The paper analyzes the relationship between the Foreign and Commonwealth Office and the BBC, and the impetus behind the launch of a Pashto service for Afghans. It also explores the tensions between providing impartial news and engaging in communications for development purposes.
How I treat Philadelphia chromosome–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Fielding Adele K.
Published: July 2010

The Philadelphia chromosome is present in approximately 20% to 30% of adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The poor prognosis of this relatively uncommon acute leukemia has led to the rapid adoption of treatment strategies such as unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cell transplant and tyrosine kinase inhibitors into clinical practice, despite a relative paucity of randomized clinical trials. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in the underlying biology of ALL. In combination with an accumulation of more mature clinical study data in Philadelphia-positive ALL, it is increasingly possible to make more rational and informed treatment choices for patients of all ages. In this article, I review available data and indicate how I personally interpret current evidence to make pragmatic treatment choices with my patients, outside of clinical trials. My strongest recommendation is that all physicians who are treating this rare disease actively seek appropriate clinical trials for their patients wherever possible.
Th1-driven immune reconstitution disease in Mycobacterium avium–infected mice
Authors: Barber Daniel L. , Mayer-Barber Katrin D. , Antonelli Lis R. V. , Wilson Mark S. , White Sandra , Caspar Patricia , Hieny Sara , Sereti Irini , Sher Alan
Published: July 2010

Following antiretroviral therapy, a significant proportion of HIV+ patients with mycobacterial coinfections develop a paradoxical, poorly understood inflammatory disease termed immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Here, we show that Mycobacterium avium–infected T cell–deficient mice injected with CD4 T cells also develop an immune reconstitution disease (IRD) manifesting as weight loss, impaired lung function, and rapid mortality. This form of IRD requires Ag recognition and interferonγ production by the donor CD4 T cells and correlates with marked alterations in blood and tissue CD11b+ myeloid cells. Interestingly, disease is associated with impaired, rather than augmented, T-cell expansion and function and is not strictly dependent on lymphopenia-induced T-cell proliferation. Instead, our findings suggest that mycobacterial-associated IRIS results from a heightened sensitivity of infected lymphopenic hosts to the detrimental effects of Ag-driven CD4 T-cell responses.
Cinnamon extract induces tumor cell death through inhibition of NFκB and AP1
Authors: Kwon Ho-Keun , Hwang Ji-Sun , So Jae-Seon , Lee Choong-Gu , Sahoo Anupama , Ryu Jae-Ha , Jeon Won Kyung , Ko Byoung Seob , Im Chang-Rok , Lee Sung Haeng , Park Zee Yong , Im Sin-Hyeog
Published: July 2010

Background

Cinnamomum cassia bark is the outer skin of an evergreen tall tree belonging to the family Lauraceae containing several active components such as essential oils (cinnamic aldehyde and cinnamyl aldehyde), tannin, mucus and carbohydrate. They have various biological functions including anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-inflammation, anti-diabetic and anti-tumor activity. Previously, we have reported that anti-cancer effect of cinnamon extracts is associated with modulation of angiogenesis and effector function of CD8+ T cells. In this study, we further identified that anti-tumor effect of cinnamon extracts is also link with enhanced pro-apoptotic activity by inhibiting the activities NFκB and AP1 in mouse melanoma model.

Methods

Water soluble cinnamon extract was obtained and quality of cinnamon extract was evaluated by HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) analysis. In this study, we tested anti-tumor activity and elucidated action mechanism of cinnamon extract using various types of tumor cell lines including lymphoma, melanoma, cervix cancer and colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo mouse melanoma model.

Results

Cinnamon extract strongly inhibited tumor cell proliferation in vitro and induced active cell death of tumor cells by up-regulating pro-apoptotic molecules while inhibiting NFκB and AP1 activity and their target genes such as Bcl-2, BcL-xL and survivin. Oral administration of cinnamon extract in melanoma transplantation model significantly inhibited tumor growth with the same mechanism of action observed in vitro.

Conclusion

Our study suggests that anti-tumor effect of cinnamon extracts is directly linked with enhanced pro-apoptotic activity and inhibition of NFκB and AP1 activities and their target genes in vitro and in vivo mouse melanoma model. Hence, further elucidation of active components of cinnamon extract could lead to development of potent anti-tumor agent or complementary and alternative medicine for the treatment of diverse cancers.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural and Electrochemical Study od a New Crystalline Hydrate Iron(III) Phosphate FePO4·H2O Obtained from LiFePO4(OH) by Ion Exchange.
Authors: Marx Nicolas , Croguennec Laurence , Carlier Dany , Bourgeois Lydie , Kubiak Pierre , Le Cras Frederic , Delmas Claude
Published: July 2010

FePO4·H2O is prepared by Li+/H+ exchange from an aqueous HNO3 suspension of LiFePO4(OH) at about 60 °C.
ChemInform Abstract: Persistent UV Phosphors for Application in Photo Catalysis.
Authors: Gutierrez‐Martin F. , Fernandez‐Martinez F. , Diaz P. , Colon C. , Alonso‐Medina A.
Published: July 2010

Ce3+‐doped strontium aluminosilicates (Sr1‐νMν) 1+yAl2‐xBxSiyO4+3y (M: Ca, Mg, Ba) are prepared by solid state reactions of Al2O3, B2O5, SiO2, MCO3 (M: Ca, Mg, Ba), and Ce2(CO3)3 (5% H2/95% N2, 1200 °C, 2 h) and characterized by XRD and photoluminescence spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Lithium Fast‐Ion Conductivity of a New Complex Hydride Li3(NH2)2I with Double‐Layered Structure.
Authors: Matsuo Motoaki , Sato Toyoto , Miura Yohei , Oguchi Hiroyuki , Zhou Yu , Maekawa Hideki , Takamura Hitoshi , Orimo Shin‐ichi
Published: July 2010

The title compound is prepared by milling of a mixture of (1‐x)LiNH2 and xLiI (x = 0.06—0.75) for 5 h under Ar followed by heating at 423 K for 12 h.
ChemInform Abstract: Observation and Isolation of Layered and Framework Ytterbium Hydroxide Phases Using in situ Energy‐Dispersive X‐Ray Diffraction.
Authors: McIntyre Laura J. , Prior Timothy J. , Fogg Andrew M.
Published: July 2010

The hydrothermal synthesis of the compounds Ln2(OH)5NO3·xH2O (Ln: Y, Er, Yb) from aqueous solutions of Ln(NO3)3, NaOH, and NaNO3 (autoclave, 100—220 °C) is monitored by time‐resolved, in situ energy‐dispersive XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Achiral Additives Dramatically Enhance Enantioselectivities in the BINOL—Ti(IV) Complex Catalyzed Aldol Condensations of Aldehydes with Chan′s Diene.
Authors: Xu Qinyao , Yu Jianghui , Han Fengyan , Hu Juan , Chen Weiping , Yang Liping
Published: July 2010

Addition of LiCl to Ti(O‐iPr)4 and (S)‐BINOL provides an efficient catalyst system which allows highly enantioselective coupling of various aldehydes with Chan′s diene (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Rational Tuning of the Rigidity of a Ligand Scaffold: Synthesis of Diphenylsulfide‐Linked Bis(oxazoline) Ligands and Their Application in Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation.
Authors: Du Xian , Liu Han , Du Da‐Ming
Published: July 2010

It is found that the oxazolines (I) efficiently promote the enantioselective allylic alkylation.
ChemInform Abstract: Diels—Alder Reactions of 1,1,4,4‐Tetrafluorobutatriene.
Authors: Ehm Christian , Lentz Dieter
Published: July 2010

At low temperature, title compound (II) undergoes Diels—Alder reaction with various dienes, such as (I), (V), (VII) and (IX).
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal‐Free Electrophilic Amination Between Aryl Grignard Reagents and N‐Chloroamines.
Authors: Hatakeyama Takuji , Yoshimoto Yuya , Ghorai Sujit K. , Nakamura Masaharu
Published: July 2010

Various functional groups are tolerated under the mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Addition of Grignard Reagents to in situ‐Derived N‐Sulfonyl Azoalkenes: An Umpolung Alkylation Procedure Applicable to the Formation of Up to Three Contiguous Quaternary Centers.
Authors: Hatcher John M. , Coltart Don M.
Published: July 2010

The first Cu(I)‐catalyzed addition of Grignard reagents to in situ‐derived N‐sulfonyl azoalkenes is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Air‐Stable Titanocene Bis(perfluorooctanesulfonate) as a New Catalyst for Acylation of Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, and Amines under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Qiu Renhua , Zhang Guoping , Ren Xiaofang , Xu Xinhua , Yang Ronghua , Luo Shenglian , Yin Shuangfeng
Published: July 2010

Acyl protection of a wide range of primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic and aromatic alcohols is efficiently achieved using titanocene bis(perfluorooctanesulfonate) as catalyst under solvent‐free conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: A Rapid and Convergent Synthesis of α,α‐Difluoro‐β‐hydroxyketones Through Regiospecific Defluorinative Alkylation Reaction.
Authors: Yanai Hikaru , Ichikawa Tatsunori , Taguchi Takeo
Published: July 2010

It is discovered that (‐)‐sparteine accelerates both the defluorinative alkylation of trifluoroacetaldehyde N,O‐acetals with alkyllithiums and the following Reformatyky‐type C—C‐bond formation with aldehydes and ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Copper‐Catalyzed Alkylation of [2.2.2]‐Acylnitroso Cycloadducts: Remarkable Effect of the Halide of Grignard Reagents.
Authors: Crotti Stefano , Bertolini Ferruccio , di Bussolo Valeria , Pineschi Mauro
Published: July 2010

The choice of the reaction conditions and the nature of the halide for the Grignard reagents is crucial for the formation of the products of the type (III) or (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of N‐Perfluoroalkenyl(chlorosulfanyl)formimidoyl Chlorides.
Authors: Osmanov V. K. , Borisov A. V.
Published: July 2010

Fe‐catalyzed chlorination of isothiocyanates (I) affords the previously unknown title compounds (II) in good yield.
ChemInform Abstract: Rearrangement Strategy for the Synthesis of 2‐Aminoanilines.
Authors: Porzelle Achim , Woodrow Michael D. , Tomkinson Nicholas C. O.
Published: July 2010

N‐Aryl hydroxylamines are aminated at the ortho‐position without a rigorous exclusion of either moisture or air.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Asymmetric Aldol Reaction with Recyclable Fluorous Organocatalyst.
Authors: Miura Tsuyoshi , Imai Kie , Ina Mariko , Tada Norihiro , Imai Nobuyuki , Itoh Akichika
Published: July 2010

The new fluorous sulfonamide PFSA promotes effectively the aldol reaction at room temperature and in a shorter time compared to the diamine precursor.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Addition of Trimethylsilylcyanide to N‐Benzylimines Catalyzed by Recyclable Chiral Dimeric V(V) Salen Complex.
Authors: Khan Noor‐ul H. , Saravanan S. , Kureshy Rukhsana I. , Abdi Sayed H. R. , Sadhukhan Arghya , Bajaj Hari C.
Published: July 2010

A chiral dimeric vanadium(V)—salen complex smoothly catalyzes the asymmetric Strecker reaction of a variety of N‐benzylimines with TmsCN.
ChemInform Abstract: Tunable Bromomagnesium Thiolate Tishchenko Reaction Catalysts: Intermolecular Aldehyde—Trifluoromethylketone Coupling.
Authors: Cronin Linda , Manoni Francesco , O'Connor Cornelius J. , Connon Stephen J.
Published: July 2010

The thiolate generated from PhMgBr and BnSH is found to be an efficient catalyst for the Tishchenko reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Rongalite® and Base‐Promoted Cleavage of Disulfides and Subsequent Michael Addition to α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones/Esters: An Odorless Synthesis of β‐Sulfido Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Guo Wenxue , Lv Guangshu , Chen Jiuxi , Gao Wenxia , Ding Jinchang , Wu Huayue
Published: July 2010

A rapid, convenient, and widely applicable method to prepare synthetically important β‐sulfido carbonyl compounds is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalyzed Friedel—Crafts Arylation of Benzylic Alcohols.
Authors: McCubbin J. Adam , Krokhin Oleg V.
Published: July 2010

A mild method is developed for the synthesis of a variety of tri‐ and tetraaryl methanes via reaction of benzylic alcohols with electron‐rich arenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Rearrangement—Cyclization of Dialkyl(4‐hydroxybut‐2‐ynyl)methallyl‐ and Dialkylcrotyl(4‐hydroxy‐but‐2‐ynyl) Ammonium Halides.
Authors: Chukhajian E. O. , Gabrielyan A. S. , Chukhajian El. O. , Shahkhatuni K. G. , Panosyan H. A.
Published: July 2010

The title compounds (I) and (III) undergo a Stevens rearrangement under the influence of aqueous alkali with transfer of the reaction center in the receiving group and inversion of the migrating group.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Naphth‐Anellated Thiophene Analogues.
Authors: Clement J. Arul , Mohanakrishnan Arasambattu K.
Published: July 2010

A number of title compounds are prepared and their electro‐oxidative and photophysical properties are studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Unexpected Course for the Reaction of 1‐Di(ethoxycarbonyl) methyl‐1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridinium Bromide with Dimethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate in the Presence of Triethylamine.
Authors: Soldatova S. A. , Soldatenkov A. T. , Suleimanov R. R. , Kolyadina N. M. , Khrustalev V. N.
Published: July 2010

The substituted pyrrolidine (III) is obtained instead of an expected azonine derivative.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Tandem Cyclization Approach to Tetracyclic Indolines.
Authors: Liu Yongxiang , Xu Wenqing , Wang Xiang
Published: July 2010

The highly stereoselective reaction of alkynylindoles allows the construction of 2 rings and 2 stereocenters including a quaternary carbon center in one step with a wide substrate scope.
ChemInform Abstract: Design and Synthesis of Novel 3,4‐Disubstituted Pyrazoles for Nanomedicine Applications Against Malignant Gliomas.
Authors: Franchini Mauro Comes , Bonini Bianca Flavia , Camaggi Carlo Maurizio , Gentili Denis , Pession Annalisa , Rani Monica , Strocchi Elena
Published: July 2010

A series of 4‐acylamino‐3‐aryl substituted pyrazoles is synthesized and evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxicity against U87MG glioma cells.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Strategy for the Synthesis of Benzoxanthenes Catalyzed by Proline Triflate in Water.
Authors: Li Jianjun , Lu Lingmei , Su Weike
Published: July 2010

One‐pot three‐component condensation of α‐ or β‐naphthol with 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds and aromatic aldehydes affords a variety of biologically interesting benzo[c]xanthene derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Dichloro‐4‐quinolinol‐3‐carboxylic Acid: Synthesis and Antioxidant Abilities to Scavenge Radicals and to Protect Methyl Linoleate and DNA.
Authors: Li Guo‐Xiang , Liu Zai‐Qun , Luo Xu‐Yang
Published: July 2010

Following the Gould—Jacobs reaction, a series of 4‐quinolinol‐3‐carboxylic acids (III) is prepared and investigated for their antioxidant properties in chemical and biological experiments.
ChemInform Abstract: Discovering Some Novel Tetrahydroquinoline Derivatives Bearing the Biologically Active Sulfonamide Moiety as a New Class of Antitumor Agents.
Authors: Alqasoumi Saleh I. , Al‐Taweel Areej M. , Alafeefy Ahmed M. , Ghorab Mostafa M. , Noaman Eman
Published: July 2010

All newly synthesized compounds (V) are evaluated for their in vitro antitumor activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis and Structure of New Spiro‐Isoquinolinedione Derivatives.
Authors: Jegham Nafaa , Kacem Yakdhane , Ben Hassine Bechir
Published: July 2010

The 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction of diones (I) with in situ generated arylnitrile oxides leads to separable mixtures of regioisomers (III) and (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Some New Hetarylpyranopyridazines, Cinnolines, and Hetarylpyridazine Derivatives.
Authors: Abdel‐Megid M. , Gabr Y. , Awas M. A. A. , Abdel‐Fatah N. M.
Published: July 2010

The combination of pyridazine with γ‐pyrone in a molecular frame‐work via different methods starting from 4‐acetylpyridazinone (I) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Fe Nanoparticle Mediated C—N Bond‐Forming Reaction: Regioselective Synthesis of 3‐[(2‐Chloroquinolin‐3‐yl)methyl]pyrimidin‐4(3H)ones.
Authors: Roopan Selvaraj Mohana , Khan Fazlur Rahman Nawaz , Mandal Badal Kumar
Published: July 2010

Interestingly, the scope of the method can be expanded to the alkylation with benzyl chloride.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 8‐(Cyclopentyloxy)phenyl Substituted Xanthine Derivatives as Adenosine A2A Ligands.
Authors: Bansal Ranju , Kumar Gulshan , Gandhi Deepika , Yadav Rakesh , Younng Louise C. , Harvey Alan L.
Published: July 2010

A variety of new vanilloid‐based xanthine derivatives (IV) is synthesized and evaluated for the affinity for adenosine receptors.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antimycobacterial Activity of Azetidine‐, Quinazoline‐ and Triazolo‐thiadiazole‐Containing Pyrazines.
Authors: Bonde Chandrakant G. , Peepiwal Ashok , Gaikwad Naresh J.
Published: July 2010

The new pyrazine derivatives (Vb), (Vc) and (VIIIc) and (VIIIe) show good antimycobacterial activities.
ChemInform Abstract: A Regio‐ and Diastereoselective Transformation of 3‐Dienyl‐2‐azetidinones to Novel Pyrroloxazine.
Authors: Anand Amit , Bhargava Gaurav , Kumar Vipan , Mahajan Mohinder P.
Published: July 2010

The three‐step sequence involves regioselective nitro‐Diels—Alder cycloaddition of lactams (I) with nitrosobenzene, cleavage of the lactam ring and intramolecular iodocyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed 5‐endo Epoxynitrile Cyclizations: Total Syntheses of Enokipodins A (V) and B (VI).
Authors: Lujan‐Montelongo Jesus Armando , Avila‐Zarraga Jose G.
Published: July 2010

The approach is based on the cation‐controlled regioselective ring‐opening of a tertiary epoxynitrile and a following non‐favored Pd‐catalyzed 5‐endo cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Antitrypanosomal Pyridoacridine Alkaloids from the Australian Ascidian Polysyncraton echinatum.
Authors: Feng Yunjiang , Davis Rohan A. , Sykes Melissa L. , Avery Vicky M. , Carroll Anthony R. , Camp David , Quinn Ronald J.
Published: July 2010

A novel pyridoacridine alkaloid 12‐deoxyascididemin (I) is isolated together with the known ascididemin (II) and eilatin and their biological evaluation shows potent antitrypanosomal activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Securinega Alkaloids from Flueggea leucopyra.
Authors: Wang Guo‐cai , Wang Ying , Zhang Xiao‐qi , Li Yao‐lan , Yao Xin‐sheng , Ye Wen‐cai
Published: July 2010

Securinine, the major alkaloid from Securinega suffruticosa, is a stereospecific GABA (A) receptor antagonist with significant CNS activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Chromene and Prenylated Xanthones from the Roots of Cratoxylum formosum ssp. pruniflorum.
Authors: Boonnak Nawong , Karalai Chatchanok , Chantrapromma Suchada , Ponglimanont Chanita , Kanjana‐Opas Akkharawit , Chantrapromma Kan , Kato Shigeru
Published: July 2010

The two new xanthones, pruniflorone K (I) and L (II), don′t exhibit antimicrobal activities.
ChemInform Abstract: A Hepatitis B Virus Inhibitory Neolignan from Herpetospermum caudigerum.
Authors: Yang Fan , Zhang Hong‐Jun , Zhang Yuan‐Yuan , Chen Wan‐Sheng , Yuan Hai‐Long , Lin Hou‐Wen
Published: July 2010

The seeds of Herpetospermum caudigerum are used in the traditional Tibetan medicine for the treatment of liver diseases.
ChemInform Abstract: Cannabimovone, a Cannabinoid with a Rearranged Terpenoid Skeleton from Hemp.
Authors: Taglialatela‐Scafati Orazio , Pagani Alberto , Scala Fernando , De Petrocellis Luciano , Di Marzo Vincenzo , Grassi Gianpaolo , Appendino Giovanni
Published: July 2010

The absolute configuration of title compound (I) is tentatively assigned in analogy to that of cannabidiol.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation Methods and Applications of CuO—CeO2 Catalysts: A Short Review
Authors: Prasad R. , Rattan Gaurav
Published: July 2010

Review: 148 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Nano‐Particles in Heterogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Molenbroek Alfons M. , Helveg Stig , Topsoe Henrik , Clausen Bjerne S.
Published: July 2010

Review: 76 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Platinum(II/IV) Complexes with H2edda‐Type Ligands and Their Derivatives: Synthesis, Characterization and in vitro Activity
Authors: Kaluderovic G. N. , Schmidt H. , Steinborn D. , Sabo T. J.
Published: July 2010

Review: 20 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbon—Fluorine Bond Formation for the Synthesis of Aryl Fluorides
Authors: Furuya Takeru , Klein Johannes E. M. N. , Ritter Tobias
Published: July 2010

Review: about 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structures, and Aromaticity of Phosphole‐Containing Porphyrins and Their Metal Complexes
Authors: Matano Yoshihiro , Nakabuchi Takashi , Imahori Hiroshi
Published: July 2010

Review: 60 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Green Chemistry Approach to the Sustainable Advancement in the Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds
Authors: Sharma Shweta , Gangal Saloni , Rauf Abdul
Published: July 2010

Review: 86 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Acid‐ and Base‐Promoted Rearrangements of Cycloalkane‐Fused Heterocycles
Authors: Csende Ferenc , Miklos Ferenc , Porkolab Andrea
Published: July 2010

Review: 42 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cinchona‐Catalyzed Nucleophilic Conjugate Addition to Electron‐deficient C—C Double Bonds
Authors: Lee Ji Woong , Jang Hyeong Bin , Song Choong Eui
Published: July 2010

Review: 83 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Programmed Synthesis of Natural Product‐Like Non‐Standard Peptides Using the Translation System and Its Application
Authors: Higuchi Takashi , Suga Hiroaki
Published: July 2010

Review: 39 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Conformational Regulation of Amyloid β‐Peptide by Lipid Membranes and Metal Ions
Authors: Miura Takashi , Yoda Mayumi , Tsutsumi Chihiro , Murayama Kiyoko , Takeuchi Hideo
Published: July 2010

Review: 28 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanochemical Synthesis of Organic Compounds and Composites with Their Participation
Authors: Lyakhov N. Z. , Grigorieva T. F. , Barinova A. P. , Vorsina. I. A. Vorsina. I. A.
Published: July 2010

Review: 264 refs.
Stability, preservation, and quantification of hormones and estrogenic and androgenic activities in surface water runoff
Authors: Havens Sonya M. , Hedman Curtis J. , Hemming Jocelyn D.C. , Mieritz Mark G. , Shafer Martin M. , Schauer James J.
Published: July 2010

Degradation of hormones that may occur during storage of surface water samples can lead to underestimations in estrogenic and androgenic activities and inaccuracies in hormone concentrations. The current study investigated the use of sodium azide, hydrochloric acid (HCl), and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to inhibit the degradation of hormones and estrogenic and androgenic activities in samples of surface water runoff from cattle manure–amended fields during storage at 4°C. Hormones and hormone metabolites were extracted using solid-phase extraction and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with tandem MS. Estrogenic and androgenic activities were assessed by E-screen and A-screen, respectively. Results of the current study indicate significant degradation of estrogenic, androgenic, and progestogenic hormones and activities, which is likely attributable to microbial activity, within hours of sample collection. The inclusion of internal standards provides a means to account for hormone losses caused by extraction inefficiency and to some extent degradation. However, internal standards are unable to adequately account for significant losses and are not available for E-screen and A-screen. Sodium azide did not adequately inhibit androgen degradation at the concentration used (1 g/L). Acid preservation (HCl or H2SO4, pH 2) stabilized the estrogenic and androgenic activities, and coupling acid preservation with the use of internal standards resulted in reliable and accurate recovery of a suite of androgens, estrogens, and progestogens for up to 14 d of storage at 4°C. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:2481–2490. © 2010 SETAC
Partitioning of tetra- and pentabromo diphenyl ether and benzo[a]pyrene among water and dissolved and particulate organic carbon along a salinity gradient in coastal waters
Authors: Kuivikko Miika , Sorsa Karoliina , Kukkonen Jussi V.K. , Akkanen Jarkko , Kotiaho Tapio , Vähätalo Anssi V.
Published: July 2010

This study assessed the partitioning of 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromo diphenyl ether (BDE-47), 2,2′,4,4′,5-pentabromo diphenyl ether (BDE-99) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) among water, dissolved organic carbon (DOC: 4.93–8.72 mg/L), and particulate organic carbon (POC: 191–462 µg/L) along the salinity gradient (0–5.5‰) of the Baltic Sea off the coast of Finland. Equilibrium dialysis and two solid-phase extraction techniques using polyoxymethylene polymer (POM) were used to determine partitioning coefficients. Experiments using artificial coastal water (ACW) with Nordic fulvic (FAs) and humic acids (HAs) were used to assess the effect of salinity (0 and 5.5‰) on the DOC–water partitioning of the model compounds. All three compounds bound more (2.2–3.8-fold) to the HAs than to the FAs. Increasing salinity from 0 to 5.5‰ decreased sorption to dissolved humic substances in the ACW and Baltic Sea water samples. Along the salinity gradient, the sorption of compounds to organic material decreased when the salinity increased. Particulate organic matter sorbed model compounds per unit of carbon more than dissolved organic matter. Along the studied salinity gradient, the freely dissolved portion increased from 10 to 29% to 52 to 80% in the coastal water samples, mainly because of the increasing salinity and changes in DOC and quality of POC. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:2443–2449. © 2010 SETAC
The influence of natural organic matter on the toxicity of multiwalled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Edgington Aaron J. , Roberts Aaron P. , Taylor Leigh M. , Alloy Matt M. , Reppert Jason , Rao Apparao M. , Mao Jingdong , Klaine Stephen J.
Published: July 2010

Engineered carbon nanostructures, such as multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), are inherently hydrophobic and are not readily stable in aqueous media. However, the aqueous stability and bioavailability of these nanotubes may be influenced by the water quality parameters such as ionic strength, pH, and natural organic matter (NOM). Natural organic matter adsorbs onto the surface of MWNTs, effectively covering the hydrophobic surface and resulting in increased aqueous stability. This enhanced stability is likely to lead to an increased residence time in the water column and increased exposure times for pelagic organisms. In the current study, NOM from three different river systems in the southeast United States increased the stability of MWNT suspensions. The effects of these suspensions were evaluated using acute and chronic bioassays with Daphnia magna and Ceriodaphnia dubia. The 96-h LC50 for D. magna exposed to MWNTs suspended in Suwannee River (USA) NOM was approximately 2.0 mg/L and was not significantly influenced by NOM concentrations ranging from 1.79 to 18.5 mg/L DOC. However, there were differences in 96-h LC50 values among different sources of NOM (Suwannee, Black, and Edisto Rivers, USA). Daphnid growth was reduced in both D. magna and C. dubia, whereas reproduction was reduced in C. dubia. Characterization of the different NOM sources and MWNT suspensions was conducted. Visual inspection using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and gut elimination observations suggested that the toxicity was attributable to ingested MWNTs clogging the gut tract of D. magna. The TEM micrographs indicated that MWNTs can disaggregate within the gut tract, but single MWNTs are unable to absorb across the gut lumen. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:2511–2518. © 2010 SETAC
Ultraviolet treatment and biodegradation of dibenzothiophene: Identification and toxicity of products
Authors: Cooper Ellen M. , Stapleton Heather M. , Matson Cole W. , Di Giulio Richard T. , Schuler Andrew J.
Published: July 2010

Biodegradation of pollutants often results in incomplete mineralization and formation of degradation products with unknown chemical and toxicological characteristics. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, a common technology used in water and wastewater treatment, may help reduce aqueous concentrations of degradation products produced during biological treatment and their associated hazards. Combined biological and UV transformations may be important in natural systems as well. We investigated the effects of UV irradiation (254 nm) on dibenzothiophene (DBT), a sulfur-containing polyaromatic hydrocarbon, in artificial seawater, and its effects on biodegradation products produced from mixed-community microbial transformations of DBT, including DBT sulfone, DBT sulfoxide, hydroxylated and carboxylated benzothiophenes, thiosalicylic acid, and others. Toxicity of solutions after UV exposure was monitored using bioluminescent bacteria (Vibrio fischeri) and by evaluating cardiac deformities in Fundulus heteroclitus embryos. The highest UV fluence reduced DBT concentration by 28% when DBT was present as the sole organic solute. In postbiodegradation solution, the same fluence reduced the initial concentration of DBT by 81%, and 11 DBT biodegradation products to trace levels. Regardless of UV fluence, DBT by itself produced minimal effects in Fundulus embryos but was moderately toxic to V. fischeri. Postbiodegradation solutions were highly toxic to both test organisms. The highest UV fluence slightly reduced toxicity of postbiodegradation solution to V. fischeri but exacerbated cardiac deformities in Fundulus embryos. Toxicity could not be attributed to specific products and was likely a result of mixture effects. These results emphasize that toxicity can increase during remediation and that multiple assays may be necessary for evaluation. The novel approach of combined biodegradation/UV treatment is promising, although further research is needed to reduce toxicity in the case of DBT. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:2409–2416. © 2010 SETAC
Mit rationaler Synthese zu Kohlenstoff‐Nanotubes
Authors: Herges Rainer
Published: July 2010

Ihre außergewöhnlichen elektrischen Eigenschaften machen Kohlenstoff‐Nanotubes für die molekulare Elektronik interessant. Neben Hochtemperaturherstellungsmethoden rückt nun die rationale Synthese von Kohlenstoff‐Nanotubes in den Fokus der chemischen Forschung.
Telomere biology in Metazoa
Authors: Gomes Nuno M.V. , Shay Jerry W. , Wright Woodring E.
Published: July 2010

In this review we present critical overview of some of the available literature on the fundamental biology of telomeres and telomerase in Metazoan. With the exception of Nematodes and Arthropods, the (TTAGGG)
n
sequence is conserved in most Metazoa. Available data show that telomerase‐based end maintenance is a very ancient mechanism in unicellular and multicellular organisms. In invertebrates, fish, amphibian, and reptiles persistent telomerase activity in somatic tissues might allow the maintenance of the extensive regenerative potentials of these species. Telomerase repression among birds and many mammals suggests that, as humans, they may use replicative aging as a tumor protection mechanism.
The Drosophila homolog of methionine sulfoxide reductase A extends lifespan and increases nuclear localization of FOXO
Authors: Chung Hyewon , Kim Ae-kyeong , Jung Sun-Ah , Kim Si Wouk , Yu Kweon , Lee Joon H.
Published: July 2010

Methionine sulfoxide reductase A (msrA) was previously found to increase resistance to oxidative stress and longevity in animals. We identified Drosophila msrA (dmsrA), a Drosophila homolog of human msrA, as a downstream effector of forkhead box O (FOXO) signaling in Drosophila, which enhances resistance to oxidative stress and increases survival under stressed conditions. Additionally, overexpression of dmsrA in neurons extended the lifespan of flies. Moreover, overexpression of dmsrA in fat body cells caused FOXO to translocate to the nucleus, implying that this possible positive feedback loop between dmsrA and FOXO could potentiate the antioxidant activity of dmsrA and increase the lifespan in Drosophila.
Co‐opetition, distributor's entrepreneurial orientation and manufacturer's knowledge acquisition: Evidence from China
Authors: Li Yuan , Liu Yi , Liu Heng
Published: July 2010

By viewing cooperation and different types of conflicts as “co‐opetition” factors in a manufacturer–distributor supply chain, this paper provides a conceptual model for examining the effects of cooperation and conflicts on a manufacturer's knowledge acquisition process and for exploring the moderating effects of a distributor's entrepreneurial orientation on the relationships between co‐opetition factors and the manufacturer's knowledge acquisition. This conceptual model is tested with 225 dyad samples from manufacturer–distributor supply chains in China. The results show that cooperation and the type of conflict have both individual and interactive effects on the manufacturer's knowledge acquisition, thus highlighting the importance of the co‐opetition perspective on supply chain knowledge management. More importantly, the results show that the entrepreneurial orientation of a distributor positively moderates the relationships between co‐opetition factors and a manufacturer's knowledge acquisition, implying that strengthening the distributor's entrepreneurial orientation can improve the efficiency of co‐opetition and thereby affect the knowledge acquisition of the manufacturer, and highlighting the importance of blended analysis across the domains of supply chain management and entrepreneurship.
A light-emitting field-effect transistor based on a polyfluorene–ZnO nanoparticles film
Authors: Aleshin Andrey N , Shcherbakov Igor P
Published: July 2010

We report on a light-emitting organic field-effect transistor (LE-OFET) based on a polyfluorene (PFO)–ZnO nanoparticles film. We have analysed the behaviour of absorption, photoluminescence spectra and electroluminescence (EL) intensity of the PFO : ZnO hybrid films with different ZnO concentrations prepared in the FET configuration. We have found that the PFO : ZnO LE-OFET exhibits the current–voltage characteristics of a unipolar FET with saturation behaviour and operates in the hole accumulation mode. The FET mobility values in the PFO : ZnO films with a high ZnO concentration are close to the mobility of polycrystalline ZnO. A significant increase in the EL intensity of the hybrid films has been observed with an increase in the concentration of ZnO nanoparticles and with the application of gate voltages. The working mechanism of the LE-OFET device is discussed.
Thermoluminescence study of the trapped charge at an alumina surface electrode in different dielectric barrier discharge regimes
Authors: Ambrico P F , Ambrico M , Colaianni A , Schiavulli L , Dilecce G , De Benedictis S
Published: July 2010

In this study, the charge trapping effect in alumina dielectric surfaces has been deeply investigated by means of a dedicated dielectric barrier discharge apparatus in different discharge regimes and gas mixtures. This work further validates our previous findings in the case of air discharges in a filamentary regime. Long lasting charge trapping has been evidenced by ex situ thermoluminescence characterizations of alumina dielectric barrier plates exposed to a plasma. The density of trapped surface charges was found to be higher in the glow discharge with respect to pseudo-glow and filamentary regimes, and for all regimes the minimum trap activation temperature was 390 K and the trap energy was less than or around 1 eV. This implies that in the case of glow discharges a higher reservoir of electrons is present. Also, the effect was found to persist for several days after running the discharge.