bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and in vitro Biological Evaluation of a Series of Benzothiazole-Sulfonylurea Hybrids as Novel Class of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors
Authors: Harunani Asmaa , Chua Bryan Ching Seng , Cheong Jack Seng , Chok Jia Ying , Nadhirah Azni Nur Azizah , Santhiran Sangeetha , Shajahan Wasmiya , Lai Xin Yan , Avupati Vasudeva Rao
Published: May 2024

A series of benzothiazole-sulfonylurea hybrids (C1-C9) were synthesized and the molecular structures were characterized using physical (state, colour, melting point) and spectral (FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and ESI-Mass) methods. All the compounds were screened for their bioactive potential as antidiabetic agents through α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory properties at 100 µM concentration. The results were compared with a standard drug, voglibose. The bioassay results revealed that compound C2 was found to be the hit molecule that has exhibited a percentage enzyme inhibition of 49.10%, which is relatively better than that of voglibose at 37.75%. The observed activity is primarily due to the synergistic or addition potential of the pharmacophores benzothiazole and sulfonylurea hybridized into one molecule; the structural analogues of these pharmacophores were earlier reported as α-glucosidase inhibitors.
A Potential Cathode for Quasi Solid-State Sodium-Ion Batteries with Trivalent Doping of La3+ in Sodium Iron Phosphate
Authors: Priyanka P. , Nalini B.
Published: May 2024

In this work, a low cost and environmental friendly cathode material sodium iron phosphate (NaFePO4) has been investigated with trivalent doping of lanthanum (La3+). Maricite phase of NaFePO4 exhibits 154 mAhg-1 theoretical capacity and this phase is said to be electrochemically inactive, hence studies are focussed on enhancing the properties of NaFePO4. Lanthanum exhibits a trivalent state and can be favourable on doping in the Fe site. Hence, an attempt is made to synthesize five different concentrations of La3+ in NaFe1-xLaxPO4 (x = 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.1) of its first kind. An initial discharge capacity of 116 mAhg-1 at a current density of 0.1 Ag-1 has been achieved over 100 cycles when 0.02 concentration of La dopant in NaFePO4 is constructed as cell with NaOH aqueous electrolyte. The La-doped NaFePO4 at 0.02 concentration (NL2) exhibits higher specific capacity and cyclic stability. The initial discharge capacity of 36 mAh g-1 at 0.5 A g-1 was achieved over 500 cycles in the quasi-solid-state sodium battery analysis using a CuS:Sn2Sb3 anode and a PVA-NaOH electrolyte. This study shows a light on trivalent doping of La3+ with different concentrations and their effect as cathode when assembled as full cell for the first time.
Synthesis and Characterization of Polypyrrole-Protected Y2O3 Binary Composite: A Promising Electrode Material for Supercapacitors
Authors: Jyoti  , Lata Kusum , Bhardwaj Pallavi
Published: May 2024

In this work, the synthesis and comprehensive characterization of a novel binary composite comprising polypyrrole (PPy) protected Y2O3 was fabricated via in situ oxidative-polymerization technique is presented. The investigation primarily focuses on the elucidating the structural, chemical and electrochemical properties of the synthesized composite material to assess its potential applicability as an electrode material in supercapacitors. The structural and bonding aspects of the synthesized sample were examined using advanced analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis was employed to confirm the synthesis of particles within the nano-range, providing the crucial insights into the morphology and size distribution of the composite. Furthermore, the chemical composition and thermal stability of the composite were evaluated through energy dispersive X-ray and thermogravimetric (TG) analyses, respectively. These analyses contributed to a comprehensive understanding of the material’s composition and stability under different temperature conditions. The electrochemical performance of the PPy-Y2O3 nanocomposite was assessed via cyclic voltametric measurements, revealing a semi-rectangular loop indicative of high surface area and specific conductance. The composite displayed significant charge storage capacity and revealed exceptional ionic and electrical conductivity, highlighting its feasibility for use as an electrode material in supercapacitors. Furthermore, the synthesized PPy-Y2O3 nanocomposite possesses a unique combination of structural integrity, chemical stability and superior electrochemical properties, making it a promising candidate for enhancing the performance of energy storage devices, particularly in supercapacitor applications.
Grammatici disiecti: continuidad y discontinuidad del pensamiento lingüístico antiguo en la nueva edición en curso de los fragmentos gramaticales latinos
Authors: Garcea Alessandro , Uría Javier
Published: May 2024

Esta contribución es la versión actualizada en español de un artículo escrito por A. Garcea que describe la evolución del pensamiento lingüístico romano tal como lo reflejan autores fragmentarios desde la época de Elio Estilón hasta la de Quintiliano, con especial atención en autores como César y Plinio. En un nuevo apartado, J. Uría añade un breve repaso a algunas figuras menores del siglo I d.C. De este estudio podemos inferir que la historia de la lingüística antigua no debe centrarse exclusivamente en las obras conservadas por transmisión directa soslayando el material fragmentario relevante.
Raising the ClaSS of Streaming Time Series Segmentation
Authors: Ermshaus Arik , Schäfer Patrick , Leser Ulf
Published: May 2024

Ubiquitous sensors today emit high frequency streams of numerical measurements that reflect properties of human, animal, industrial, commercial, and natural processes. Shifts in such processes, e.g. caused by external events or internal state changes, manifest as changes in the recorded signals. The task of streaming time series segmentation (STSS) is to partition the stream into consecutive variable-sized segments that correspond to states of the observed processes or entities. The partition operation itself must in performance be able to cope with the input frequency of the signals. We introduce ClaSS, a novel, efficient, and highly accurate algorithm for STSS. ClaSS assesses the homogeneity of potential partitions using self-supervised time series classification and applies statistical tests to detect significant change points (CPs). In our experimental evaluation using two large benchmarks and six real-world data archives, we found ClaSS to be significantly more precise than eight state-of-the-art competitors. Its space and time complexity is independent of segment sizes and linear only in the sliding window size. We also provide ClaSS as a window operator with an average throughput of 1
k
data points per second for the Apache Flink streaming engine.
Differentially Private Data Generation with Missing Data
Authors: Mohapatra Shubhankar , Zong Jianqiao , Kerschbaum Florian , He Xi
Published: May 2024

Despite several works that succeed in generating synthetic data with differential privacy (DP) guarantees, they are inadequate for generating high-quality synthetic data when the input data has missing values. In this work, we formalize the problems of DP synthetic data with missing values and propose three effective adaptive strategies that significantly improve the utility of the synthetic data on four real-world datasets with different types and levels of missing data and privacy requirements. We also identify the relationship between privacy impact for the complete ground truth data and incomplete data for these DP synthetic data generation algorithms. We model the missing mechanisms as a sampling process to obtain tighter upper bounds for the privacy guarantees to the ground truth data. Overall, this study contributes to a better understanding of the challenges and opportunities for using private synthetic data generation algorithms in the presence of missing data.
SeLeP: Learning Based Semantic Prefetching for Exploratory Database Workloads
Authors: Zirak Farzaneh , Choudhury Farhana , Borovica-Gajic Renata
Published: May 2024

Prefetching is a crucial technique employed in traditional databases to enhance interactivity, particularly in the context of
data exploration.
Data exploration is a query processing paradigm in which users search for insights buried in the data, often not knowing what exactly they are looking for. Data exploratory tools deal with multiple challenges such as the need for interactivity with no a priori knowledge being present to help with the system tuning. The state-of-the-art prefetchers are specifically designed for navigational workloads only, where the number of possible actions is limited. The prefetchers that work with SQL-based workloads, on the other hand, mainly rely on data logical addresses rather than the data semantics. They fail to predict complex access patterns in cases where the database size is substantial, resulting in an extensive address space, or when there is frequent co-accessing of data. In this paper, we propose SeLeP, a semantic prefetcher that makes prefetching decisions for both types of workloads, based on the encoding of the data values contained inside the accessed blocks. Following the popular path of using machine learning approaches to automatically learn the hidden patterns, we formulate the prefetching task as a time-series forecasting problem and use an encoder-decoder LSTM architecture to learn the data access pattern. Our extensive experiments, across real-life exploratory workloads, demonstrate that SeLeP improves the hit ratio up to 40% and reduces I/O time up to 45% compared to the state-of-the-art, attaining 96% hit ratio and 84% I/O reduction on average.
Meta-analysis on the efficacy of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to treat malignant lymphoma
Authors: Zhao Jin , Guo Xiaojing , Zheng Meijing , Su Liping
Published: May 2024

The goal of the study involved the comparison of clinical efficacy of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) in the treatment of malignant lymphoma (ML). The effectiveness of allo-HSCT versus auto-HSCT in the treatment of ML was compared by searching EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library for relevant studies. The confidence intervals (CI) and odds ratio (OR) of the article’s outcomes were described by a forest plot. Finally, 972 patients in seven articles were included. Overall survival (OS) did not differ significantly between allo-HSCT and auto-HSCT groups (OR  =  0.87, 95% CI: 0.66–1.14, P  =  0.31). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in adverse reactions (AR) between the two groups (OR  =  1.35, 95% CI: 0.81–2.24, P  =  0.25). We observed a significant difference in progression-free survival (PFS) between the two groups (OR  =  4.14, 95% CI: 2.93–5.35, P < 0.01). There was no evidence of publication bias in this meta-analysis. The incidence of OS and AR differ significantly between allo-HSCT and auto-HSCT, but the PFS was longer in ML patients who received allo-HSCT.
Biosemiotics’ greatest potential contribution to biology
Authors: Sherman Jeremy
Published: May 2024

Encouraging biologists to factor semiotics into their research is likely to fall on deaf ears because they already factor it in through an accepted life science methodological standard here called Abstract Parallel Engineering (APE). Biosemiotics’ most significant contribution to biology – a contribution that biologists would come to depend upon – would be a more rigorous alternative methodology to APE through a proof-of-concept explanation for how semiotics – here defined as beings making functional interpretive effort – can emerge within nothing but physical phenomena. It would explain organisms’ most basic agency – their struggle for existence – ergodynamically (i.e., an emergent change in likely physical work) that results in work (effort) that works (functions) to keep a chemical system working (a being) in semiotic response to their workspace (interpretation).
Measuring urban growth dynamics: A study in Hue city, Vietnam
Authors: Tran Tuan Nguyen
Published: May 2024

The proliferation of urban sprawl has emerged as a prevalent occurrence in response to the rapid expansion of the worldwide population. The objective of this study is to determine the level of freedom for urban expansion using Pearson’s Chi-square (χ2) index and the amount of urban spatial dispersion using the Shannon entropy (

H

n

{H}_{n}

) index in Hue City, Vietnam. While the first index asserts the degree of freedom for observed urban growth above expected urban growth, the second index is applied to analyze urban spatial dispersion patterns through richness and evenness. Land use map data were collected from Japan’s JAXA agency from 1990–2020. Research results show that, in the past 10 years (2010–2020), the level of urban freedom expansion in Hue city has increased compared to the period 2000–2010 and 1990–2000, with corresponding χ2 values of 219.18, 150.05, and 106.95. The South-Southwest (TNN) area is also the area with the most significant urban freedom expansion among the eight regions in Hue City through three stages. The urban dispersion level in Hue City has also expanded recently when the

H

n

{H}_{n}

and

H

n

′

{H}_{n}^{^{\prime} }

indexes gradually increased from 1990 to 2020. This result puts pressure on the Hue city government on how to develop the city sustainably. Therefore, the study also points out some disarmament to contribute to sustainable urban development.
Europas heiligste Güter. Wilhelm II., Hermann Knackfuß und die „Gelbe Gefahr“
Authors: Reichert Folker
Published: May 2024

Der Aufsatz befasst sich mit dem ebenso berühmten wie berüchtigten allegorischen Bild, das Wilhelm II. eigenhändig skizzierte, dann durch den Kasseler Akademieprofessor Hermann Knackfuß ausarbeiten und unter dem Titel „Völker Europas, wahret eure heiligsten Güter“ weltweit verbreiten ließ. Der erste Abschnitt rekonstruiert die Entstehung des Bildes, die Werbung in den Medien und die Reaktionen der Öffentlichkeit. Zweitens werden die einzelnen Bestandteile der Allegorie einer genauen Analyse unterzogen, insbesondere was die jeweiligen Vorlagen betrifft. Drittens schließlich wird die Geschichte des Bildes mit der des Schlagworts von der „Gelben Gefahr“ verknüpft. Wilhelm hat diesen Begriff nicht erfunden; aber er hat dessen Wirkung durch die Macht des Bildes verstärkt.
Der andere Weber in der „Deutschen Geschichte“ Thomas Nipperdeys Rezeption Max Webers als Heuristik des Konflikts
Authors: Bosch Johannes
Published: May 2024

Scheint Max Weber seit dem Niedergang der Modernisierungstheorie in der Geschichtswissenschaft aus der Mode gekommen, so stellen seine Arbeiten, als Konflikttheorie der Moderne gelesen, weiterhin eine anregende Quelle für eine kulturhistorisch orientierte Geschichtsschreibung dar. Der Artikel untersucht, wie eine solche Lektüre paradigmatisch im historiographischen Werk Thomas Nipperdeys angelegt ist: Entgegen der öffentlichen Wahrnehmung ist Nipperdeys Hauptwerk, die „Deutsche Geschichte“, eine substanziell durch Weber geprägte Arbeit. Allerdings knüpfte Nipperdey nicht an die modernisierungstheoretische Lesart Webers an, wie sie vor allem der amerikanische Strukturfunktionalismus entwarf und wie sie in der Bielefelder Historischen Sozialwissenschaft historiographisch umgesetzt wurde. Stattdessen übernahm er, geprägt durch das Interesse an der Kulturanthropologie, eine Perspektive, die in der deutschen Soziologie der 1970er Jahre entwickelt, in der Geschichtswissenschaft aber wenig beachtet wurde. Nipperdey referiert an zentralen Stellen der „Deutschen Geschichte“ auf Weber und orientiert sich an dessen Modell kulturwissenschaftlicher Erkenntnis. Vor allem aber entnahm er Weber eine Sensibilität für die Widersprüche und Ambivalenzen der modernen Gesellschaft und entwickelte daraus eine Heuristik des Konflikts, die für eine aktuelle Kulturgeschichte nach dem Ende des Modernisierungsoptimismus ein anregendes Beispiel darstellen kann.
Seals from Ancient South Arabia: A Preliminary Analysis
Authors: Grasso Valentina A.
Published: May 2024

There exists widespread evidence that the Near Eastern societies manufactured seals. However, among these, South Arabian seals remain largely neglected while performing various particularly revealing functions. For instance, the practice of sealing allowed for the explicit expression of ownership as well as the act of witnessing in legal matters. More broadly, seals were a means of articulating individual identities and reinforcing communal belonging. This paper is the first study on the seals of ancient South Arabia after the unpublished Ph.D. dissertation by Diana P. Wong (1999. “Stamp Seals of the Ancient Yemen.” Unpublished PhD diss., Berkely). It investigates a corpus comprising 85 published seals currently held in museums and private collections across three continents. After providing a brief survey of the region’s history, this article analyses the epigraphic and iconographic content carved on the corpus, offering some reflections on the typology and characteristics of the seals, as well as on the society of ancient South Arabia.
Basics of meteorology for outdoor sound propagation and related modelling issues
Authors: Tombolato Andrea , Brambilla Giovanni , Troccoli Alberto , Sanchini Andrea , Bonomini Francesco
Published: May 2024

Noise from industrial plants, wind farms, ports, and airports ranges long distances and merges with noise from linear transport infrastructures (i.e. roads and railways). A straightforward description of people’s long-term noise exposure is usually performed using simplified algorithms implemented in software packages. However, when focusing on the worst-case scenario in favourable sound propagation conditions, the prediction needs to be more accurate and requires the model’s calibration through actual measurements. In these cases, where the noise source under investigation, the concurrent sources, or all of them may be far away from the receivers, the correct choice of the temporal and meteorological windows to perform the measurements demands specific knowledge of weather-related phenomena. Such an approach is also essential in developing technically and economically sustainable mitigation strategies when required. This article first introduces some of the meteorological principles underpinning these phenomena. Within this framework, three of the most commonly used road-traffic noise calculation methods have been applied to identical scenarios, and their performances in accounting for weather-related effects on sound propagation have been analysed. The chosen methodological approach can be used for other environmental noise sources.
Book Review Symposium 2
Authors: Mashilo Alex Mohubetswane
Published: May 2024

Professor Edward Webster, affectionately known as Eddie, breathed his last on 5 March 2024, twenty-four days before his eighty-second birthday. Eddie was healthy and had just participated in a run. The shocking untimely death has left a profound void. His impactful research work, integrating a consistent focus on work and labour, spanned decades, dating back to the early 1970s. Eddie went beyond just researching and publishing – activities in which he engaged extensively. He was an engaged intellectual, actively involved in the emancipatory working-class movement to change the world he researched. Writing with Lynford Dor, Webster defends the power resources approach which identifies the sources of workers' power and includes a focus on workers' resistance to exploitation in pursuit of their interests. Webster successfully challenges the “end of labour thesis” using evidence-based sectoral case studies from a selection of global South countries. He brought together contributions by other scholars in the edited book. The “end of labour thesis” can also be challenged from the standpoint of the labour theory of value. However, this is not part of the authors’ chosen approach, which suffices on its own merits.
Il tempo verbale ed il tempo fisico trascorso dalla prospettiva del grado di rilevanza dell’evento passato per il momento dell’enunciazione: studio empirico su dodici verbi d’azione in testi di ricerca
Authors: Kempas Ilpo , Valente Chiara
Published: May 2024

Questo studio tratta l’uso di due forme verbali, il passato prossimo (PP) e il passato remoto (PR), in un particolare ambito di studio: le citazioni bibliografiche intertestuali di diversi testi scientifici, in relazione con la distanza temporale tra l’anno di pubblicazione della fonte citata e il testo stesso.La letteratura tradizionale assegna ai due tempi verbali la funzione di riferirsi, il passato prossimo, a eventi recenti e/o rilevanti nel momento attuale e il passato remoto, a situazioni distanti, con scarsa rilevanza nell’attualità. Si riscontra, inoltre, nella lingua italiana, un’espansione verso il passato del lasso temporale considerato adeguato all’uso del PP e, infine, una differenza regionale per la quale i parlanti di alcune zone della penisola tendono ad ampliare ulteriormente questo lasso temporale e a considerare corretto l’uso del PP in riferimento a eventi anche molto lontani nel tempo.Sulla base di queste premesse, attraverso i risultati di quest’analisi dimostriamo in maniera empirica, innanzitutto, l’importanza del lasso temporale, in termini di anni trascorsi, tra l’evento (nel nostro caso, la pubblicazione del testo riferito) e il momento di enunciazione (ovvero, il testo che si sta scrivendo) nella scelta delle due forme verbali. In secondo luogo, i dati raccolti mostrano l'uso del PP in riferimento a situazioni molto lontane nel tempo e, allo stesso tempo, l’assenza completa di PR in riferimento allo stesso anno di pubblicazione. Concludiamo, infine, dimostrando lo stretto rapporto tra la rilevanza attuale percepita dagli autori e il tempo fisico trascorso tra l’opera scientifica e la fonte citata.
AMPHIBOLE OF KAERSUTITE SERIES FROM ALKALINE ROCKS IN NORTH-WESTERN PART OF THE UKRAINIAN SHIELD
Authors: Kryvdik S.G. , Tsymbal O.Yu.
Published: May 2024

Ferry-kaersutite as a rare mineral have been found in North-Western part of the Ukrainian Shield where alkaline-ultrabasic rocks of jacupirangite-melteigite series are widespread. Ferry-kaersutite occurs in essexite that form thin veins and apophyses from dikes of porphyry-like alkaline-ultrabasic rocks. By results of microprobe analyses ferry-kaersutites are of such composition (%): 39—40 SiO2; 4.6—5.07 TiO2; 14.6—14.9 Al2O3; 16.9—18.4 FeOtot; 7.95—8.09 MgO; 10.5—11.0 CaO; 2.4—2.9 Na2O; 2.7—2.9 K2O. In alkaline-ultrabasic rocks of this region different more magnesian amphiboles (pargasites, richterites, magnesio-riebeckite, katophorite and other intermediate varieties) are present. Some of these amphiboles are enriched in TiO2 (to 2.9—3.2%). It is assumed that studied ferry-kaersutite has formed at quick crystallization and partly contamination of alkaline-ultrabasic melts in veins and apophyses among country granitoids.
Інтеграція в дослідницькі програми Євратом: результати та виклики
Authors: Гаркуша Ігор Євгенійович
Published: May 2024

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Співпраця «Мотор Січ» з установами НАН України на сучасному етапі
Authors: Балушок Костянтин Броніславович
Published: May 2024

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Об’єднання ринків електроенергії України та Європи як інструмент підвищення надійності та безпеки електропостачання споживачів
Authors: Гавва Олександр Олександрович
Published: May 2024

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Вплив російсько-української війни на демографічну ситуацію в Україні
Authors: Гладун Олександр Миколайович
Published: May 2024

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Перспективи інтеграції академічної та університетської науки в умовах сучасних викликів
Authors: Фрицький Ігор Олегович
Published: May 2024

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Внесок матеріалознавців України у вирішення питань підвищення обороноздатності держави
Authors: Позняков Валерій Дмитрович
Published: May 2024

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The Impact of Sample Size, Test Length, and Person-Item Targeting on the Separation Reliability in Rasch Model: A Simulation Study
Authors: Bintang Rahmat S. , Suprananto Suprananto
Published: May 2024

This research is a simulation study using resampling methods to see the effect of sample size, test length, and person-item targeting on separation reliability in the Rasch Model. Simulation conditions were created with several predetermined factors, namely sample size with five conditions (200, 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 person), test length with three conditions (20, 40, and 60 items), and person-item targeting with five conditions (-2, -1, 0, 1, and 2 logit). The total number of conditions is 75 conditions where each condition is replicated 50 times so that a total of 3.750 data are generated. The data is generated using WinGen software. The results of the separation reliability analysis were analyzed using Winsteps software. The separation reliability criteria set are for Person Separation Reliability (PSR) > 0.80 and for Item Separation Reliability (ISR) > 0.90. The results showed that 75 conditions (100%) resulted in ISR estimates that met the criteria (> 0.90). For PSR estimation, 37 conditions (49%) resulted in PSR estimates that met the criteria (> 0.80) and 38 conditions (51%) resulted in PSR estimates that did not meet the criteria (< 0.80). In addition, PSR estimation is influenced by test length and person-item targeting.
Modeling of Colorado Learning Attitude Science Survey in Indonesian Version: A Study with Applying Item Response Theory
Authors: Mutmainna Mutmainna , Hasyim Mutahharah , Syamsuriwal Syamsuriwal , Setiaji Bayu , Setiawati Farida Agus
Published: May 2024

Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey (CLASS) is an instrument designed to explore students' perceptions of physics and assess how closely their beliefs correspond with those of professional physicists. Before the development of CLASS, several similar instruments were developed in the field of Physics Education such as the Maryland Physics Expectation (MPEX), Views About Science Survey (VASS), and Epistemological Beliefs Assessment for Physical Science (EBAPS). Adams et al. developed CLASS in 2006 by evaluating these three instruments. Since then, CLASS has been extensively studied for its use in research, especially in the field of Physics Education, and has also been applied in other fields and translated into several languages. As a form of community strengthening, this article attempts to report the research findings related to the use of the CLASS instrument that has been translated into Indonesian. A total of 292 undergraduate students were sampled in this study, who are students from four universities. The respondents in this study were students who had enrolled in the Fundamental of Physics course. The data obtained were analysed with Item Response Theory (IRT) for the polytomous scale. There are Grade Response Model (GRM), Partial Credit Model (PCM), Rating Scale Model (RSM), and Generalized Partial Credit Model (GPCM). The research results show that among the four models of approach and based on the criteria used, the model considered most suitable is GRM. The research also shows that the number of items declared consistent with the model does not cover all CLASS items but rather some items. This finding indicates that further exploration is needed regarding the CLASS instrument items, especially in the Indonesian version. The findings of this study also add to the wealth of knowledge related to the quality assessment of the CLASS instrument through the modern test theory approach (IRT). Thus, the CLASS instrument can be regarded as a standard instrument and can be used globally across various populations.
The Use of Stocking-Lord and Haebara Methods in Horizontal Equating: A Case of Indonesian Madrasah Competence Assessment
Authors: Kusaeri Kusaeri , Ridho Ali , Wahyudi Noor
Published: May 2024

Indonesian Madrasah Competence Assessment (AKMI) is a national assessment implemented each year held by the Ministry of Religious Affairs. One of the uniqueness of the AKMI is the use of different tests every year. AKMI focuses on capturing the development of learning in Madrasa by comparing the test scores of the current year with the previous year. An equating process is crucial for valid results when comparing scores. Therefore, this research aims to (a) equate the scientific literacy assessment tools at AKMI in 2022 with 2023 and (b) evaluate the business process of developing AKMI scientific literacy instruments (along with the MSAT design), which has implications for the equating process. This study adopted a Non-Equivalent Anchor Test (NEAT) design because the two test sets were parallel years, and the participants were from a diverse population. The data is from the AKMI Science Literacy of the Ministry of Religious Affairs, with 303,987 participants in 2022 and 342,987 in 2023 from the Islamic elementary school level. A total of 674 scientific literacy instrument items in 2022 and 1,392 items in 2023, with 90 items used as anchor items. There are 3 stages of analysis: pre-equalization, equalization calibration, and post-equalization analysis. The results show that there are differences in item parameter estimation results between 2022 and 2023, where 2022 has a higher level of item difficulty. Furthermore, the Stocking-Lord and Haebara methods had proven to be effective and had produced estimates with minimal differences in the equating process. In addition, the anchor items used as the basis for the equating do not represent the items as a whole in the item pool. These findings indicate the need for firm, careful standardization based on psychometric principles of the process at AKMI, from developing items to assembling items, testing, determining anchor items, and assembling items in the MSAT application.
Connecting Coding and Policy: HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: May 2024

This article dives into coverage of and codes for reporting services for HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP), including the following:

Coverage of HIV PrEP as a preventive service Diagnosis coding for HIV PrEP Procedure codes for HIV PrEP
Young Adult Ministry
Authors: Mullen Timothy , Cooper Trudi
Published: May 2024

The research reported in this article examines what can be learnt from listening to young people who stay engaged with churches and those who leave. This research compared both groups’ experiences for further analysis. The authors analysed fourteen qualitative phenomenological interviews with young people aged 19–28 that documented young adults’ experiences of the Baptist Church in Perth, Western Australia. Attitudes to spirituality and dogma were central themes relevant to young people’s decision-making. The data was then compared with Fowler’s faith development theory, to find that many of the participants displayed faith styles reminiscent of individuative reflective faith, and their communities exhibited modal development akin to synthetic-conventional and mythic-literal faith. The article concludes by  suggesting that young people (both those who stayed and those who left the church) were seeking dialogue about faith and spirituality, and that dissonance between young people’s faith style and the modal faith style of their church community affected decisions to stay or leave the church, and this relationship was not always straightforward. The implications for youth ministry are that it would be beneficial to focus more on dialogue about faith which accommodates and explores disagreement and less on dogma.
«Spassky Island» within the Sacred Landscape and Religious Interaction in the Lower Tobol River Region
Authors: Nina Liskevich , Maksim Cherepanov
Published: May 2024

The authors analyzed their field materials gathered in 2003, 2004, and 2022, published narratives, and reference data to describe the Orthodox cult site of “Spassky Island” situated near the Tatar village of Tarkhany (Yarkovo District of Tyumen Region). The article aims to identify the special characteristics of ritual practices and the interaction of pilgrims with local residents. The authors attempt to determine the content of the historical memory of Spassky Island and inform of how it is perceived by the contemporary Orthodox and Muslim population. The available materials let us know that pilgrims started visiting the island in the last quarter of the XIX century to hold a cross procession and prayer service on the third Savior’s Day. The place itself and the holy image found there were believed to possess miraculous powers. Ritual practices had continued until the 1970s when they ceased because of antireligious propaganda and repressions by local authorities. That place gradually fell out of the sacred mindmap of further generations. Nevertheless, the residents of the surrounding Tatar villages keep the events that took place on Spassky Island in memory, in particular, the cross processions, the fairs that were organized there at the same time, and numerous people coming to Tarkhany for several days. In the 2020s, archaeological findings revealed the historical roots of the sacralization of Spassky Island and the events held there. It is known now that Tarkhany Fort, built by the Russians, and the Tatar town of Tarkhan-Kala, were situated there. Both were destinations on an ancient trade route. In 1631, a chapel was built in the fort. For centuries, the cultural memory of the local population has preserved regular ritual practices and mythological stories which legitimize the special status of Spassky Island and clarify its sacral nature and miraculous properties. The Tatar/Muslim population of that area considers Tarkhany as “the center” and “the Muslim hey-day”, which confirms the greatness of their past and strengthens local Islamic identity by demonstrating hospitality towards travelers and neighbors.
The "Personal Myth" in the Context of Modern Narratives about Shamans.
Authors: Ekaterina Epikhina
Published: May 2024

Currently, there is an increased interest in archaic religious beliefs and practices which include shamanism. The image of a modern shaman differs in many ways from the ethnographic descriptions that were collected up to the middle of the XX century. The main informants have always been the shamans themselves. They talked not only about their vision of the world and religious practice but also about their family history and their formation as shamans. In the autobiographies of modern shamans, you can find common motives that make up their image. In this regard, the author defined the purpose of the study: based on the data of field work conducted in Buryatia in 2017-2022, to identify the place of autobiography among modern shamanic narratives, for which it is necessary to classify modern narratives about shamans, characterize the concept of "personal shamanic myth" and determine the role of self-presentation in the life of a modern shaman. Through the labeling proposed by E. S. Novik, narratives about shamans were divided into three types: myths, legends and stories ("bylichki"). It was concluded that the first two types are rarely mentioned in the respondents' tales. The author paid special attention to the third group – "bylichki". She attributed the autobiographies of modern shamans to this group and noted the presence of a certain constant structure in them. The author suggested calling these autobiographical narratives "the personal myth of a shaman." Further, the author drew parallels with the "personal myth" taken from the field of psychology and came to the conclusion that the shaman's personal myth is not just a relatively stable narrative with periodically recurring structures, motives, and plots, but a personal flexible value– semantic coordinate system that creates a vector of development for the shaman and promotes his self-identification. When writing the article, general scientific research methods were used, as well as comparative, functional, structural, semantic, and diachronic analysis, analogy, and an analysis of semi-structured interviews.
Familiar Chat Cercomela familiaris: a veritable avian weightlifter
Authors: Cunningham Peter
Published: May 2024

Four nests of Familiar Chat Cercomela familiaris were examined. The nests were constructed mainly of awns and stems grasses (genus Stipagrostis) on substantial foundations averaging 827 components, mostly small stones, with an average weight of 723 g, which is 33 times the weight of the average Familiar Chat.
Peran Komisi Pemilihan Umum Kabupaten Tuban Pada Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Tahun 2020
Authors: Anam M. Syamsul , Prayitno Satrio , Musyafa'ah Nur Lailatul
Published: May 2024

Artikel ini mengkaji tentang peran Komisi Pemilihan Umum Kabupaten Tuban pada Pemilihan Kepala Daerah tahun 2020. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui dokumentasi dan wawancara. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara yuridis berdasarkan Peraturan KPU Nomor 6 Tahun 2020. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa KPUD Tuban melaksanakan Pemilihan Kepala Daerah di Tuban pada tahun 2020 berdasarkan Peraturan KPU Nomor 6 Tahun 2020. KPUD Tuban menekankan penerapan protokol kesehatan dalam pilkada Tuban untuk mencegah dan mengendalikan penyebaran Covid-19. Pilkada dilakukan dengan memperhatikan kesehatan dan keselamatan penyelenggara pemilihan, peserta pemilihan, pemilih, dan seluruh pihak yang terlibat dalam penyelenggaraan pemilihan. Untuk itu, KPU Tuban membagi waktu pencoblosan bagi pemilih, dan menyiapkan masker, hand sanitizer hingga sarung tangan plastik. Untuk memeriahkan suasana pemilu, KPU Tuban mengadakan lomba dekorasi Tempat Pemungutan Suara dan selfie di depan Tempat Pemungutan Suara. Peran KPUD Tuban dalam pelaksanaan pilkada di Tuban telah sesuai dengan Peraturan KPU Nomor 6 Tahun 2020, sehingga pilkada bisa terlaksana dengan lancar.
Problematika dan Upaya Perwujudan Demokratisasi Kelembagaan Internal Partai Politik
Authors: Tri Wicaksono Agung
Published: May 2024

Partai politik memiliki peran krusial dalam mewujudkan sistem politik demokratis sebagai lembaga perwakilan rakyat, partai politik tidak hanya menjadi penentu arah kebijakan publik, tetapi juga cermin dari esensi demokrasi itu sendiri. Meskipun partai politik secara konseptual mewakili pluralitas opini dan aspirasi masyarakat, namun pada kenyataannya, tidak jarang partai politik menghadapi tantangan dalam mewujudkan demokrasi di dalam struktur dan kelembagaannya sendiri. Fenomena ini menjadi semakin kritis di tengah dinamika politik dan sosial kontemporer. Kendala-kendala seperti ketidaktransparan dalam pemilihan kepemimpinan partai, minimnya partisipasi anggota dalam pengambilan keputusan, dan kurangnya akuntabilitas dalam manajemen internal, seringkali menciptakan ketidakpuasan dan ketidakpercayaan terhadap partai politik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat problematika dari kondisi rekrutmen dan ketidakdemokratisan parpol dalam membatasi masa jabatan ketua umumnya, terdapat perbedaan dengan negara lain dalam pembatasan ketua umum partai politik, serta terdapatnya upaya hukum dalam rangka mewujudkan demokratisasi partai politik.
Cross-cultural adaptation of the Iranian Voice Quality of Life Profile into Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Carrer Joyra da Silva , Zambon Fabiana , Dehqan Ali , Ribeiro Vanessa Veis , Behlau Mara
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Purpose To cross-culturally adapt the Voice Quality of Life Profile (IVQLP) into Brazilian Portuguese (BP). Methods The cross-cultural adaptation process was performed in five stages: translation of the IVQLP into BP by three native BP experts fluent in American English; preparation of a consensus version; back-translation by a native American English expert fluent in BP; analysis by a committee of five experts and preparation of the final version of the instrument in BP, which was named IVQLP-Br; and pre-testing. The IVQLP-Br aims to assess the impacts of the voice more comprehensively, encompassing various areas of an individual’s life. It has 43 items and a five-level response key. For the pre-test, the alternative “not applicable” was added as a response option. Thirty-six adults with self-reported risk of dysphonia participated in the pre-test. Results In the translation stage, ten items were modified, and during the back-translation, 15 items required adjustments. No questions required reformulation after the application of the IVQLP-Br in the target population, because the option “not applicable” appeared in 12 responses without statistical significance. Conclusion The version of the IVQLP translated into BP, named the IVQLP-Br, exhibited cross-cultural equivalence and was administrable for a more detailed analysis of the impact of the voice in different domains of an individual’s life. After validation, the IVQLP-Br will be able to contribute both to clinical practice and to research with BP speakers.
Desempenho de deglutição de idosos e seus fatores sociodemográficos, cognitivos e de linguagem
Authors: Estácio Jaqueline Cardoso , Cera Maysa Luchesi , Mangilli Laura Davison
Published: May 2024

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a correlação entre o desempenho de deglutição, linguagem e cognição e descrever os dados sociodemográficos de idosos sem alterações neurológicas prévias. Método Estudo transversal analítico, com amostra não-probabilística por conveniência e coleta de dados por telechamada. Foi aplicado o teste de triagem de broncoaspiração (Yale Swallow Protocol) para identificação e exclusão dos idosos com risco de broncoaspiração. Em seguida, realizou-se coleta de dados sociodemográficos e aplicação dos instrumentos de: atividade de vida diária (AIVDs), risco de disfagia (EAT-10), rastreio cognitivo (Mini Exame do Estado Mental – MEEM) e linguagem (Bateria Montreal-Toulouse de Linguagem – MTL-Brasil). Resultados A amostra foi composta por 32 idosos do Distrito Federal, com média de idade de 69,00±7,73 anos e de escolaridade de 10,00±5,60 anos. Os escores nos instrumentos EAT-10, MEEM e Bateria MTL apresentaram-se alterados em quatro, 22 e 26 idosos, respectivamente, indicando, nesse caso, risco de disfagia, sugestão de alteração cognitiva e alteração da linguagem. Sobre a alimentação, do total da amostra, 13 idosos (40%) apresentaram queixa de necessidade de comida modificada, bem como 10 desses também obtiveram escore no MEEM sugestivo de alteração cognitiva. Ao comparar os grupos com e sem queixa e/ou risco de disfagia, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante em relação às variáveis sociodemográficas, cognitivas e de linguagem. Os modelos de regressão logística binária também evidenciaram resultados sem significância estatística. Conclusão O presente estudo, ao correlacionar os achados de deglutição, linguagem e cognição, não obteve resultados estatisticamente significantes. Observou-se que os idosos com queixa de deglutição também apresentaram resultados sugestivos de alteração cognitiva e de linguagem nos testes realizados, mas não houve diferença estatisticamente significante em relação aos idosos sem queixa ou alteração de deglutição.
Utilização da bandagem elástica funcional no tratamento fonoaudiológico da paralisia facial pós-AVC na fase aguda
Authors: Amaral Raquel Karoline Gonçalves , Vicente Laélia Cristina Caseiro , Chaves Tatiana Simões , Mourão Aline Mansueto
Published: May 2024

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a eficácia do uso da bandagem elástica funcional associada à terapia miofuncional no tratamento fonoaudiológico da paralisia facial pós-acidente vascular cerebral na fase aguda. Método Estudo clínico controlado randomizado com 88 pacientes com paralisia facial na fase aguda do acidente vascular cerebral. A amostra foi alocada em: Grupo 1: reabilitação com terapia miofuncional orofacial e utilização da bandagem elástica funcional nos músculos zigomáticos maior e menor paralisados; Grupo 2: reabilitação apenas com terapia miofuncional orofacial na face paralisada; Grupo 3: sem qualquer intervenção fonoaudiológica para paralisia facial. Na avaliação foram solicitados os movimentos de mímica facial e o grau do comprometimento foi determinado de acordo com a escala de House e Brackmann. A incompetência do movimento foi obtida a partir de medições da face com paquímetro digital. Após a avaliação, a intervenção foi realizada de acordo como determinado para os grupos 1 e 2. Os participantes dos três grupos foram reavaliados após 15 dias. A análise estatística utilizada foi das equações generalizadas. Resultados Os grupos foram homogêneos quanto à idade, medida de incapacidade e funcionalidade, gravidade do comprometimento neurológico e da paralisia facial pré-intervenção. O grupo 1 teve melhora significativa na medida canto externo do olho à comissura labial, com melhores resultados quando comparado aos grupos 2 e 3. Conclusão A bandagem elástica funcional associada a terapia miofuncional orofacial apresentou melhor resultado no tratamento da paralisia facial após acidente vascular cerebral no local onde foi aplicado.
Consequences of Conflicts in Online Conversations
Authors: Altenburger Kristen M. , Kraut Robert E. , Hayati Shirley Anugrah , Dwivedi-Yu Jane , Peng Kaiyan , Wang Yi-Chia
Published: May 2024

Interpersonal conflicts occur frequently in both offline and online groups, with conditions for conflict especially ripe online. This research attempts to understand the consequences of online group conflict and reporting it to group administrators, both for the protagonists in the conflict and observers. If group conflict is aversive, then group members should reduce their group participation after observing conflict. Theories of imitation and behavioral mimicry suggest that even onlookers will exhibit more conflict and negative language after observing conflict conversations in their group. In contrast, theories of deterrence suggest that both the instigator of the conflict and onlookers will reduce their conflict and onlookers might even increase their engagement if conflicts are reported to group administrators. The current study uses de-identified and aggregated data from Facebook group conversations and Mahalanobis distance matching to test these ideas. Results are consistent with the hypothesis that conflict in group conversations reduces engagement within the group and increases the amount of conflict and the negativity of language users express in the group. However, inconsistent with deterrence theories, conflict and language negativity increase and group engagement decreases when conflict is reported to group administrators.
Orphan Articles: The Dark Matter of Wikipedia
Authors: Arora Akhil , West Robert , Gerlach Martin
Published: May 2024

With 60M articles in more than 300 language versions, Wikipedia is the largest platform for open and freely accessible knowledge. While the available content has been growing continuously at a rate of around 200K new articles each month, very little attention has been paid to the discoverability of the content. One crucial aspect of discoverability is the integration of hyperlinks into the network so the articles are visible to readers navigating Wikipedia. To understand this phenomenon, we conduct the first systematic study of orphan articles, which are articles without any incoming links from other Wikipedia articles, across 319 different language versions of Wikipedia. We find that a surprisingly large extent of content, roughly 15% (8.8M) of all articles, is de facto invisible to readers navigating Wikipedia, and thus, rightfully term orphan articles as the dark matter of Wikipedia. We also provide causal evidence through a quasi-experiment that adding new incoming links to orphans (de-orphanization) leads to a statistically significant increase in their visibility in terms of the number of pageviews. We further highlight the challenges faced by editors for de-orphanizing articles, demonstrate the need to support them in addressing this issue, and provide potential solutions for developing automated tools based on cross-lingual approaches. Overall, our work not only unravels a key limitation in the link structure of Wikipedia and quantitatively assesses its impact but also provides a new perspective on the challenges of maintenance associated with content creation at scale in Wikipedia.