bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Linguodidactic Testing in the Digital Environment as a Tool for Teaching and Controlling the Formation of Language Competence of Foreign Speakers
Authors: Kovaleva T. V. , Amelina I. O.
Published: August 2023

The article analyzes the system of test tasks in Russian as a foreign language at the stage of pre-university training, designed to control the language competence of students.

The aim of the study is to provide high-quality test technologies that contribute to the formation of language competencies of foreign speakers in the conditions of distance and blended learning formats, to analyze their effec-tiveness in study monitoring, self-control and corrective measures.

The test materials and the results of the current, interim and final test control in Russian as a foreign language serve as the material of the study. The test materials were created by the authors on the Moodle platform for teaching foreign citizens at the stage of pre-university training at Southwest State University and were uploaded to SWSU’s electronic information educational environment.

The Moodle platform has a wide range of tools for designing test tasks, statistical processing of test results, which allow teachers to get information about the quality of tests.

The authors of the study conducted a selective statistical analysis of the tests for the current, interim and final control, followed by the adjustment of certain test questions. Statistical analysis took into account such parameters as ease index, standard deviation, random guess score, target weight, effective weight, discrimination index, discrimina-tion efficiency.

Automated control at the initial stage of learning Russian as a foreign language is systematic and regular and makes it possible to check the knowledge and skills in vocabulary and grammar acquired in the process of learning, allows the teachers to objectively evaluate and compare the successes and shortcomings in the educational activities of foreign stu-dents, to identify the level of language proficiency, excluding the teacher’s subjective opinion of the student and provides for the possibility of feedback, significantly reduces the time spent on checking and analyzing the results.

The authors came to the conclusion that the analyzed tests optimize the learning process and objectify control, give students the opportunity of self-control and teachers the opportunity of varying ways to control and manage stu-dents’ independent learning activity.
«The Nordic Countries Nightingale»: about Henrietta Nissen-Saloman’s Vocal School
Authors: Kirnosova E. N. , Moiseeva V. A. , Samaniego Cecilia T.
Published: August 2023

The relevance of the topic is due to the introduction into scientific circulation in the last decade of new research materials related to the creative personality of Henrietta Nissen-Saloman. Her «School of Singing», first published in 1880, has been republished. The famous Swedish singer, professor of the St. Petersburg Conservatory, G. Nissen-Saloman has trained about thirty outstanding performers, vocal teachers for nineteen years of her life in Russia.

The purpose of this publication is to reveal the significance of the artistic and pedagogical activities of Nissen-Saloman for the formation and development of the national vocal school. The authors' tasks include presenting the main stages of her creative path, opera and concert repertoire, and characteristics of her work at the conservatory during the Russian period of her life.

The principles on which the vocal-pedagogical system of G. Nissen-Saloman was based – consistency, gradu-alness and expediency in acquiring technical skills, the formation of musical-theoretical knowledge and a sense of style among pupils – were inherited by her students. Among them are N. A. Iretskaya, E. A. Lavrovskaya, V. M. Zarudnaya, who made a significant contribution to the continuation of the Nissen-Saloman’s traditions in the St. Petersburg and Moscow conservatories, on concert and opera stages.

The historical distance, which allows us to objectively consider the leading provisions of the Nissen-Saloman methodology in the context of the experience of foreign masters (primarily M. Garcia), the pedagogical approaches of M. I. Glinka, A. E. Varlamov and other creators of the Russian national singing school, gives grounds for a high as-sessment of the effectiveness of her system. Without a doubt, G. Nissen-Saloman is one of the cohort of the found-ers of the Russian vocal school and occupies an honorable place in it, and her «Singing School», created during the formation and heyday of the national vocal art, is of great practical importance for the training of modern young singers.
Gamification as a New Educational Technology in Modern Higher Education
Authors: Chebotareva I. N. , Chistilina D. O. , Liaskovets A. V.
Published: August 2023

The relevance of the research is due to the need to improve the educational process in higher education. Edu-cational technologies should be aimed at increasing the motivation of students to acquire knowledge. The existing teaching methods are gradually losing their effectiveness due to changes in the moral, economic, and social compo-nents of the modern world. The trend of recent years is digitalization, affecting all spheres of society, so educational technologies must meet changing conditions.

The purpose of the research is to identify the positive and negative features of gamification as an educational technique in modern higher education.

The objectives of the research: to define the concept of "gamification" and to identify its differences from the concept of "game"; to consider the components of gamification as an educational technique; to identify the motiva-tional role of gaming technologies in the educational process; to consider possible ways to increase students' motiva-tion during educational activities; to analyze the shortcomings of the introduction of gaming technologies in the edu-cational process.

Methodology. The methodological basis of the research is the method of dialectical scientific cognition; a sys-tematic approach to the problem under consideration, the historical method, the analytical method, etc. Results. In the course of the research, various approaches to the concept of "gamification" were identified and systematized. The authors identified the positive and negative features of the introduction of gaming technologies into the educational process, and also considered the motivational component of the modern student's education.

Conclusion. Gaming technologies are rarely used in education, as many teachers underestimate their poten-tial. In addition, their introduction into the educational process requires the teacher to make efforts, including creative ones. Such technologies make it possible to involve more students in the educational process by increasing interest in something new and different from the classical teaching methods. Of course, the use of gaming technologies in the educational process has a number of disadvantages that can be offset by a successful combination of innovative and classical teaching methods.
The Work on Breathing and Sound Formation with Aspiring Singers
Authors: Shengelia S. V. , Moiseeva V. A.
Published: August 2023

The relevance of this topic is that young teachers often do not pay due attention to the organization of singing breathing among students, and this leads to defects in sound formation. The article deals with issues related to the training of academic vocalists in the aspect of proper organization of breathing. Singing breathing is the basis of the entire performing process, not only the improvement of vocal and technical skills, but also the artistic result depend on it. The task set by the authors is to consider breathing as the basis of sound science and to reveal the features of working on it. Breathing, as the foundation of professional singing, is connected with other factors of sound formation: with their development and improvement, breathing is strengthened in parallel. The authors formulate the conditions for obtaining a high singing position: free position of the larynx and mouth, rounded and covered sound, soft attack of sound, close and bright sound.

As a result, there is beauty and saturation of timbre, "flight" of the voice. In the course of classes, the raised tone, desire and aspiration of the singer to achieve the goal are important. Vocal training is a purely individual pro-cess, therefore, young teachers should be in close contact with students, controlling their first steps in mastering vo-cal technique: in the organization of breathing, the development of a high singing position, the removal of muscle clamps of the larynx, the control of sound science. The authors summarize the recommendations of outstanding vo-cal teachers of the past years, and also offer their own instructions and terms based on many years of personal vocal pedagogical and performing experience.
Neologisms of the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in the Modern British Press
Authors: Shatokhina O. A.
Published: August 2023

This article analyzes the concept of "neologism", determines its linguistic and stylistic function, systematizes and analyzes the features of the use of neologisms of the COVID 19 pandemic period in well-known British periodi-cals on the example of specific articles. Since the media describe phenomena and events that are characteristic of a certain time, the greatest number of neologisms appears in the press. The analysis of neologisms in the framework of this study is based on the classification of L. V. Sheveleva, according to which neologisms are divided into three groups: neologisms proper, lexical neoplasms, semantic neologisms.

The relevance of the topic of this study is due to the fact that new words appear in the language constantly, at all stages of its existence, especially during the period of social upheavals, the rapid pace of development of society, and the question of their systematization is of particular importance. The purpose of this study is to identify and ana-lyze new lexical units that emerged in modern English during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to establish their linguistic and stylistic function in the process of forming a new lexical layer of the English language.

As a result of the study, the author came to the conclusion that most of the neologisms in the British press of the COVID-19 period are lexical neoplasms. Most of the lexemes that have been analyzed have a nominative func-tion. Only the phrases Corona Mutant and Corona Winter perform an expressive function, and the phrases Booster campaign and The beginning of the pandemic – the function of attracting attention.

The methodological basis of this study was the method of semantic analysis, the method of continuous sam-pling, the method of linguistic description (interpretation and generalization of the analyzed material), comparative analysis, linguistic and statistical analysis.

The systematized material proposed by the author of the article can be used in pedagogical and scientific activ-ities in the field of such branches of linguistics as neology, linguistic terminology, derivatology.
COVID-19 Pandemic Effects on Seasonal Influenza Patterns in West Virginia
Authors: Demkowicz, MD Ryan , LaSala, MD P. Rocco , Stoilov, PhD Peter , Denvir, PhD James , Moddle Jonathan , Perrotta, MD Peter
Published: August 2023

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic began in West Virginia (WV) in March 2020 at the end of the seasonal increase in influenza virus infections. Diagnostic and surveillance testing for influenza continued throughout the pandemic because these viruses cause similar diseases and the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on seasonal influenza patterns were unpredictable. Methods Positivity rates for SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses were studied using test results obtained from samples collected across an academic health system from July 2018 through June 2022. Trends in COVID-19 variants were assessed using data obtained from national and local databases. Data were analyzed to detect differences in and correlations between SARS-CoV-2 and influenza positivity rates. Results Test positivity rates were higher for the 602,109 SARS-CoV-2 tests than the 186,563 influenza tests performed during the study period (13.7% vs. 3.5%, p<0.0001). SARS-CoV-2 test positivity rose and fell with the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of differing infectivity, being highest when the omicron variant predominated. Significant negative correlations between the number of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza positive tests were seen throughout stages of the pandemic. The normally expected influenza season did not occur during winter 2020 through spring 2021, and there were essentially no influenza cases during the delta surge. A more typical pattern of seasonal influenza was observed in late 2021 to early 2022 during the omicron surge. Conclusion There was an inverse correlation between SARS-CoV-2 and influenza test positivity rates observed throughout several COVID-19 surges in WV. The reasons for these correlations are unclear.
Effectiveness of a Web-Based Intervention for Preventing Substance Use in Young Adults in Taiwan: Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Chang Yen-Jung , Chen Jhong-Lin
Published: August 2023

Background

Substance use has been one of the most alarming public health problems worldwide, particularly among younger generations.

Objective

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a web-based substance use prevention intervention targeted at adults aged 20-29 years.

Methods

The intervention materials comprised 5 sets of infographics and 1 animation, all of which focused on mixed themes: (1) the concept of substance use and its harmful effects on health; (2) misinformation regarding new psychoactive substances; (3) regulation of illicit drugs, particularly marijuana; (4) the brain disease model of addiction; (5) critical thinking skills that improve health literacy; and (6) decision-making and communication skills that help people refuse illegal drugs. The study assigned eligible participants into experimental and control groups on the basis of the parity of their participant numbers. These participants completed web-based baseline and follow-up questionnaires that assessed their knowledge, behavioral intention, self-efficacy, and life skills related to substance use prevention. Knowledge was assessed using 8 questions concerning understanding of substance use harms and the regulation of illicit drugs. Behavioral intention and self-efficacy were assessed using 5-point Likert-type scales. Participants’ ability to apply life skills to avoid substance use was assessed using 3 testing scenarios regarding substance use. The study used generalized estimating equations to examine the intervention’s effectiveness.

Results

A total of 1065 participants (539 control and 526 experimental) completed the intervention and questionnaires in 2019. The average ages of the experimental and control groups were 25.68 (SD 2.71) and 25.66 (SD 2.69) years, respectively. The study observed no significant differences in the demographic variables between the 2 groups. The results of the generalized estimating equation analyses indicated that the intervention significantly improved participants’ knowledge (P<.001), behavioral intention (P<.001), and self-efficacy (P<.001) but not their life skills (P=.61) related to substance use prevention. Participants in the experimental group responded to a satisfaction survey with positive feedback on the intervention.

Conclusions

The web-based intervention was effective in improving participants’ knowledge, behavioral intention, and self-efficacy concerning substance use prevention. The findings support continued efforts to use web-based interventions to prevent substance use among young adults.
An Actionable Expert-System Algorithm to Support Nurse-Led Cancer Survivorship Care: Algorithm Development Study
Authors: Pfisterer Kaylen J , Lohani Raima , Janes Elizabeth , Ng Denise , Wang Dan , Bryant-Lukosius Denise , Rendon Ricardo , Berlin Alejandro , Bender Jacqueline , Brown Ian , Feifer Andrew , Gotto Geoffrey , Saha Shumit , Cafazzo Joseph A , Pham Quynh
Published: August 2023

Background

Comprehensive models of survivorship care are necessary to improve access to and coordination of care. New models of care provide the opportunity to address the complexity of physical and psychosocial problems and long-term health needs experienced by patients following cancer treatment.

Objective

This paper presents our expert-informed, rules-based survivorship algorithm to build a nurse-led model of survivorship care to support men living with prostate cancer (PCa). The algorithm is called No Evidence of Disease (Ned) and supports timelier decision-making, enhanced safety, and continuity of care.

Methods

An initial rule set was developed and refined through working groups with clinical experts across Canada (eg, nurse experts, physician experts, and scientists; n=20), and patient partners (n=3). Algorithm priorities were defined through a multidisciplinary consensus meeting with clinical nurse specialists, nurse scientists, nurse practitioners, urologic oncologists, urologists, and radiation oncologists (n=17). The system was refined and validated using the nominal group technique.

Results

Four levels of alert classification were established, initiated by responses on the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite for Clinical Practice survey, and mediated by changes in minimal clinically important different alert thresholds, alert history, and clinical urgency with patient autonomy influencing clinical acuity. Patient autonomy was supported through tailored education as a first line of response, and alert escalation depending on a patient-initiated request for a nurse consultation.

Conclusions

The Ned algorithm is positioned to facilitate PCa nurse-led care models with a high nurse-to-patient ratio. This novel expert-informed PCa survivorship care algorithm contains a defined escalation pathway for clinically urgent symptoms while honoring patient preference. Though further validation is required through a pragmatic trial, we anticipate the Ned algorithm will support timelier decision-making and enhance continuity of care through the automation of more frequent automated checkpoints, while empowering patients to self-manage their symptoms more effectively than standard care.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045806
An App for Developmental Surveillance of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Benninger Kristen L , Zidron Amy M , Newton Julia , Tallikar Aishwarya A , Maitre Nathalie L
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Children with a history of in-utero opioid exposure have an increased risk of abnormal brain development and various developmental and academic challenges. Mobile device use is widespread in medicine.

OBJECTIVE

To develop and refine an app-based tool for community pediatric care providers to facilitate evidence-based screening and referral to local developmental specialists in infants and children with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS).

METHODS

In phase 1: conceptualization and planning, we partnered with a local software development firm to translate the desired app input and output into a user-responsive prototype version of the “Connecting Care for NAS” tablet-based app for iOS systems. In phase 2: user feedback and refinement, we conducted focus groups to obtain feedback on app prototype design, usability, and content and summarized feedback using thematic analysis. In phase 3: app development: beta version, we used focus group feedback to guide the prototype app modifications. In phase 4: validation and field testing, providers from 2 different clinical primary care settings participated in real-time beta testing. We used pre- and post-testing and weekly questionnaires via REDCap to assess knowledge base, app use, usability, and solicit other feedback.

RESULTS

In phase 1, we developed an app and unique risk algorithm to calculate areas of possible developmental concern based on exposures and perinatal variables; developmental resources available for app-identified issues were provided through an extensive local database. In phase 2, we completed 2 focus groups with 20 providers in total, identifying 6 major themes from the feedback: 1) input, 2) app screen organization and flow, 3) output, 4) dynamic family and living environment, 5) link with EHR, and 6) workflow integration. In phase 3, we translated focus group feedback into actionable changes for app features and design, producing the app’s beta version. In phase 4, 19 clinical providers completed real-time beta testing from February to July 2021. On average, each provider entered 1.7 patients into the app per week. Eighty-four percent reported that with regular use, it took 1-3 minutes to navigate through the app for 1 applicable patient. Provider self-reported confidence level in knowledge of developmental outcomes after NAS increased from the pre- to post-beta testing questionnaire for all developmental domains.

CONCLUSIONS

Participants reported the app was easy to navigate and added little extra time to their clinical workflow for applicable patients, indicating the app is a potentially useful tool for developmental surveillance in an at-risk population.
Analysis of Tourism Copywriting for Chinese International Teachers from a Multimodal Perspective
Authors: Zhang Yaqi , Wang Feihua
Published: August 2023

International Chinese language volunteers often need to introduce Chinese tourism culture when teaching abroad. Due to the inability of learners to personally experience China in foreign environments, it can have a significant impact on teaching effectiveness. The multimodal form of combining images and text can more intuitively help overseas Chinese language learners understand and understand China, enrich their Chinese language learning after class, and satisfy their curiosity and longing for China. This article uses Halliday’s multimodal theory to organize and analyze 43 tourism texts edited by international Chinese language volunteers in teaching from four aspects: cultural level, contextual level, meaning level, and formal level. It also summarizes the precautions that Chinese language international teachers should pay attention to when writing tourism texts.
Developing an Ethical Mindset: The Ethics Grand Jury Mock Trial for Graduate Students
Authors: Stewart Daniel , Nguyen Phuonghuyen
Published: August 2023

Counselor Educators providing instruction to counselors-in-training need to have a variety of activities and assignments to support the development of an ethical mindset. Because counselors face ethical dilemmas regularly, it is important that graduate programs provide a strong foundation for new counselors to identify ethical issues and take appropriate action. There are no uniform or standard approaches for teaching counseling graduate students how and when to apply ethical codes and related principles, however, they are expected to be competent in the subject matter upon graduation. This article outlines a method for increasing participation in ethics courses and enhancing sensitivity to ethical issues through the grand jury mock trial classroom activity. To encourage classroom implementation, step-by-step instructions are provided.
Teaching Translation: Challenges and Strategies
Authors: Zhao Meijuan
Published: August 2023

Translation requires a profound understanding of languages, cultural nuances, and context. An all-encompassing strategy that incorporates academic understanding, practical expertise, and critical thinking skills is necessary for effective translation instruction. In order to give teachers useful insights to improve their teaching approaches, this study discusses numerous difficulties and strategies in teaching translation.
Ergonomics and Anthropometry in the Design of Doyo Leaf Fiber Softener Machine
Authors: Cahyadi Dwi , Suparno Suparno , Wulaningrum Ratna , Rojiki Imam , Setiawan Ferry Bayu
Published: August 2023

One of the production processes for making weaving from doyo leaf fiber is the process of softening the dry leaf fiber before it is spun into yarn. This softening process is done so that the dried leaf fibers become more flexible and elastic so they can be easily spun into yarn. One aspect of machine design is reviewing machine design from ergonomic factors so that the machines used by workers are safer and more comfortable. This study aims to design a doyo leaf fiber softener machine in terms of the ergonomics of the machine's products. The analysis used in this study is an ergonomic analysis using anthropometric data tables using the sex of adult women, aged 18-45 years with a size of 50 percentile, from the Indonesian ethnic group. The results of the analysis show that the ergonomic machine height for workers is 100 cm, with a width of 100 cm and a machine height of 70 cm. The contribution of this research is to provide a design and build of doyo leaf fiber softener machine to the softener machine manufacturing industry so that the machine becomes ergonomic for the safety and comfort of the user.
Playfulness in early childhood education
Authors: Freitas Renata Dias de , Balduino Angelo Ricardo
Published: August 2023

The present work had as a line of research "The ludic in early childhood education" as a general objective to show the work of teachers in early childhood education regarding playfulness, such as playing and developing and the activities developed in municipal schools in Porto Nacional - TO , in the morning period of the pre-school that serves students aged between four and six years old. Twenty-three teachers collaborated for the field research in three schools. This research had a qualitative approach, with a descriptive and explanatory nature. In the first moment, there were collections of data obtained based on the application of the questionnaire, and the second part was to tabulate the data, generate the graphs and obtain the results and discussion. It is concluded that the tasks developed in the classroom regarding the ludic is valued by the pedagogues, they are specific methods, activities developed in the educational space are necessary for the student's reality and for the pedagogue who is as a mediator. The analysis of the results indicates that the teachers, in turn, work with the games, but the lack of adequate spaces makes the ludic pedagogical practices unsatisfactory.
Cylindrical flow swirler with extended blade chord
Authors:   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), Zuykov Andrey L.
Published: August 2023

Introduction. Development of vortex apparatuses — devices for swirling flows of liquids and gases — remains an urgent scientific and engineering task. The design of counter vortex damper flow swirling apparatus at the idle water outlet of Belorechenskaya hydroelectric power plant (HPP) is considered. The purpose of the study is to develop an effective counter vortex damper of excess kinetic energy of water flow. Materials and methods. Analytical methods of classical hydro-mechanics are used. The conceptual basis of the research is the fundamental equality of the geometric characteristic of the vortex apparatus by Abramovich (the Abramovich number) to the Chigier-Beer swirl number. Results. It has been found that geometrical characteristic of the cylindrical vane swirler does not depend on radius of exit edges of blades which swirl the flow, but depends on the angle of bevel of blades at this radius. It allows, according to fundamental equality of Abramovich and Chigier-Beer numbers, either to shift the blades along the swirl chamber radius or to perform them with elongated chord, leaving the hydraulic characteristics of the swirl apparatus and swirled flow unchanged, preserving the bevel angle. Lengthening the chord of the vortex apparatus blades increases the reliability and quality of formation of the swirling flow. It has been proved on the base of differential equation describing the flow lines in the cylindrical swirl chamber that chord of a swirl apparatus prolonged blade flowing smoothly around the flow should have a shape of a logarithmic spiral. It is shown that the vortex apparatus made in the form of a vane system of logarithmic spirals forms a flow with potential rotation superimposed on the potential flow. Conclusions. The design of counter vortex damper of flow energy at the outlet of Belorechenskaya HPP with a system of blades in the form of logarithmic spirals has been analyzed. It is offered to recommend the considered design as a typical one for hydraulic units of medium head.
Methods of structural analysis for resistance to progressive collapse
Authors:   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), Semashkin Andrey D. , Tusnin Alexander R. , Berger Maria P.
Published: August 2023

Introduction. Calculation methods and current normative documents used in the calculation of buildings for resistance to progressive collapse are considered. The key methods of analysis are listed and fundamenta.rules of each of them are stated. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods are analyzed. Materials and methods. The calculations of stability to progressive collapse have been carried out for a multi-span flat frame at the failure of the middle post of the ground floor. The software complex LIRA-SAPR 2021 R1.2 was used to perform calculations. The task was solved by several methods: the static calculation, quasi-static calculation and dynamic calculation. The nonlinear functioning of construction and material was considered by step-methods with using the flow curve from SP 16.13330.2017. Quasistatic calculation was performed in two variants: pulldown and pushdown analysis. The dynamic calculation was carried out by direct integration of the equations of motion using the module “Dynamics in Time”. Two variants with different element elimination time were considered. Results. The results are analyzed and summarized in Table 2. The static calculation yields force and displacement values that are clearly underestimated as compared to other methods. Forces and displacements obtained by quasistatic analysis are greater than those obtained by dynamic analysis. The results obtained in the pulldown and pushdown analyses are close in value. Conclusions. Quasistatic calculations give higher forces and displacements than dynamic calculations. The results of pushdown analysis correlate better with the results of calculations in the dynamic formulation. In order to determine forces more accurately when using quasi-static calculation, a justification of the dynamical coefficient is necessary.
Flash floods impact on the construction of rainwater harvesting structures
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN), Ezzeldin Mostafa , Sinichenko Evgeny K. , Gritsuk Ilya I. ,   Menoufia University,   Water Problems Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (WPI RAS),   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI)
Published: August 2023

Introduction. The lack of fresh water has become a serious problem. The main causes of the water crisis are population growth and climate change. Egypt is a very arid country which is facing water scarcity due to increasing demand and limited supply. Applying new approaches is required in this situation to deal with water scarcity. Wadi Watir in the Sinai Peninsula, chosen as the research area, is an important tourist and commercial watershed. It experiences water scarcity and the threat of flash floods. The residents are losing their crops and sheep. Roads are deserted, and their lives are in danger due to the periodic occurrence of flash floods. Materials and methods. For the first time, the current research investigates the impact of flash floods on the implementation of rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems. The flash flood risk and RWH structure maps were overlaid using GIS. Results. The results showed that five percolation tanks, five check dams, 11.15 km2 of area for on-ground percolation tanks, and 0.48 km2 of space for farm ponds are optimal for water harvesting during flash floods. Conclusions. The development of Wadi Watir was prioritized and divided into three phases. Therefore, the occurrence of flash floods clearly affects the development plans. The impact of flash floods should be considered during the calculation of the design capacity of the RWH structures.
Composición, estructura y diversidad de matorrales enanos de Empetrum rubrum en la estepa magallánica continental e insular de Chile
Authors:   Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. INIA, Domínguez Erwin
Published: August 2023

Los matorrales enanos de Empetrum rubrum en la estepa magallánica, son hábitats únicos debido a que crecen en suelos ácidos y pobres en nutrientes. El objetivo de este estudio, fue describir la vegetación y las variables ambientales que caracterizan este tipo de ambiente. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los murtillares continentales y los ubicados al noreste de la isla de Tierra del Fuego, en términos de riqueza de especies y diversidad. A pesar de la aparente erosión, la proporción de especies nativas fue mayor que la de especies introducidas. El hábito de crecimiento dominante en términos de cobertura fueron los subarbustos enanos de E. rubrum en el continente y los de Baccharis magellanica en la isla de Tierra del Fuego. También se encontraron siete líquenes en los murtillares. La forma de vida dominante fueron las hemicriptofitas o hierbas perennes, lo anterior indica, que estos matorrales no están bajo una severa presión antropogénica, pero si presenta niveles altos de erosión que seguramente son la consecuencia del sobrepastoreo ocurrido en el pasado. Las propiedades físico-químicas del suelo analizadas, que mostraron diferencias significativas entre los murtillares fueron N-NO3, Mg, K, Na, CICE y el limo. Por otra parte, el Análisis Correspondencia Canónica (CCA) reveló un importante gradiente del suelo, donde el pH y la materia orgánica, junto con el contenido de macronutrientes (N, P, K), determinan diferencias entre los murtillares. Finalmente, se recomienda prestar más atención a la gestión y conservación de estos matorrales, considerando que estos pueden ser afectados por el manejo antrópico, como el pastoreo, las intervenciones mineras y el déficit hídrico, como ha ocurrido en el hemisferio norte, donde han dejado el suelo desnudo.
Estado de conservación del mustélido Galictis cuja (Molina, 1782): análisis sobre las áreas de extensión de presencia y ocupación en Chile
Authors:   Universidad Católica del Norte, Chavez-Villavicencio César , Tabilo Valdivieso Elier ,   Universidad Católica del Norte
Published: August 2023

La Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (UICN) clasifica el estado de conservación de las especies en función de abundancias o tamaños de áreas de distribución. El criterio B, se aplica en función del Área de Extensión de Presencia (EOO) o del Área de Ocupación (AOO). En Chile, el Ministerio del Medio Ambiente (MMA), siguiendo los criterios de la UICN, clasificó al mustélido Galictis cuja como Preocupación Menor (Least Concern). En Chile, este mustélido se distribuiría entre las regiones de Arica y Aysén y en ese sentido, después de analizar su presencia en tres secciones, se planteó como objetivo determinar su nicho ecológico en nuestro país, determinar el EOO y el AOO según la metodología de la UICN y así, establecer el estado de conservación. El modelo de nicho ecológico se elaboró con el programa MaxEnt. El EOO se calculó con el método de la envolvente alfa y el AOO, mediante la ocupación de los registros en celdas de 2x2 km. Los resultados mostraron que el área del nicho ecológico para G. cuja cubrió 225.912 km2, el EOO fue de 166.801 km2 y el AOO de 392 km2. El EOO estimado por el MMA presentó 253631 km2 más que el aquí calculado, mientras que el AOO lo excedió en 535.232 km2. En función al AOO aquí obtenido (392 km2), G. cuja estaría en Peligro para Chile (Criterio B2ab,i,ii) y no como Preocupación Menor. Sobreestimar los EOO/AOO conduce a interpretaciones erróneas y mala aplicación del criterio B de la UICN, en consecuencia, revisar los estados de conservación de las especies que se sustentan en criterios de distribución es urgente y necesario para obtener un escenario más realista de sus categorías de conservación en Chile.
SEMANGAT PATRIOTISME PADA PUISI AL HARB TA’MAL BIL JID KARYA DUNYA MIKHAIL DAN DOA SERDADU SEBELUM BERPERANG KARYA WS RENDRA (ANALISIS SASTRA BANDING)
Authors: Nasri Azwar
Published: August 2023

penulisan artkel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui semangat patriotisme yang digambarkan didalam puisi alharbu takmal bil jid karya dunya Mikhail dan doa serdadu sebelum bereperang karya ws rendra. penulis menghadirkan dua puisi yang berbeda Negara dan bahasa, dengan  menggunakan  teori sastra bandingan. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Adapun metode dalam pengumpulan data  menggunakan metote dengan membaca dan mencatat. Dengan membaca penulis menemukan data-data yang mendukung penelitian.  Adapun dalam menggunakan metode catat akan membantu dalam merapikan data.  Hasil dari penelitian sastra bandingan ini terdapat Unsur kesamaan dan perbedaan pada dua puisi ini. persamaanya tema dan narasi untuk memperjuangkan kemerdekaan Negara. Adapun poin yang berbeda pada tifografi puisi.
Quimbaya. Orfebrería temprana
Authors: Plazas Clemencia
Published: August 2023

El Tesoro Quimbaya, extravagante regalo del Estado colombiano a España en 1892, dio a conocer al mundo la calidad estética y técnica de su estilo. Desde entonces es considerado como uno de los más notables de Colombia y América. Este libro es el resultado de más de cincuenta años de estudio de la orfebrería quimbaya temprana. Clemencia Plazas, interesada por su complejidad técnica, su calidad estética, su coherencia estilística y su influencia y aportes a la metalurgia americana, examinó 1 085 piezas, ubicadas en el Museo del Oro y 33 museos más. Estableció 16 categorías, según su forma-función, divididas en tres grupos: utensilios para la masticación de hojas de coca, adornos y otros. A través de las formas sobrias y sin adornos, características del estilo quimbaya temprano, se puede deducir que fueron producto de una sociedad compleja, con líderes individuales. Si bien sus representaciones diferencian lo humano, lo animal y lo vegetal, sobresalen figuras femeninas con su sexualidad expuesta y la proliferación de calabazas, en clara alusión a la fertilidad. Si se acepta que la metalurgia precolombina de la baja Centroamérica procede del norte de Colombia, es posible pensar en la existencia de un foco de experimentación tecnológica muy antiguo, diferente al del mundo de los Andes centrales, en el noroccidente de Colombia —áreas Sinú y Quimbaya—, desde donde se difundió hacia allá.
Vivienda y cultura: modos de habitar y construir la vivienda en el espacio urbano y rural en Colombia
Authors: Mosquera Torres Gilma , Franco Calderón Ángela María
Published: August 2023

El territorio, el hábitat y la vivienda se entienden como manifestaciones espaciales, en escalas diferenciadas, de valores culturales que implican concepciones y prácticas específicas en un contexto sociocultural y económico determinado. Conformado por tres partes que abordan la vivienda autóctona, la vivienda tradicional y la construcción cultural de la ciudad actual en Colombia, este libro reúne una serie de textos que recogen resultados de investigaciones sobre la vivienda urbana y rural, los cuales trascienden la descripción de los aspectos morfológicos estéticos, simbólicos o técnico-constructivos para incluir perspectivas analíticas que involucran las características del hábitat y la vivienda en distintos ámbitos geográficos y contextos socioculturales.
Emission and Lubrication Performance of Hazelnut Oil as A Lubricant
Authors: KEVEN Arzu , ÖNER Cengiz
Published: August 2023

The aim of this study is to search the tribological and emission performances of hazelnut oil as a lubricant in one cylinder two-stroke gasoline engine and simulation-testing machine. The tribological and emission performances of mineral oil and hazelnut oil as lubricant were compared. In the experiments, simulation-testing machine and one cylinder two-stroke gasoline engine were used to determine the tribological performance of these two lubricants. The wears on the surfaces of cylinder were analyzed to examine the lubricant performances. In addition to lubrication performance, exhaust emissions of the lubricants were also measured. To observe the effects of different kinds of cylinder surface materials, TiN, CrN and gray cast iron coated cylinder surfaces were used in simulation testing machine. The wear as well as the soot formation on the cylinder surfaces increased when hazelnut oil was used as the engine lubricant. However, hazelnut oil exhibited good lubrication properties in simulation testing machine. When hazelnut oil was used, CO and HC emissions increased while CO2 emission decreased.
TERAPI PEMAAFAN TERHADAP KESEPIAN LANSIA SAAT PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Widhigdo Jessica Christina
Published: August 2023

COVID-19 pandemic impacts the mobility of adults, especially the elderly. The elderly have experienced a significant impact due to the COVID-19 pandemic. One of the impacts experienced by the elderly is isolation from the surrounding environment. The beliefs or expectations of the elderly on the behavior of children to pay attention and care for themselves in old age can affect the well-being of the elderly. When expectations do not match reality, the elderly will feel disappointed, angry, stressed, and feel lonely in their lives. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of forgiveness therapy on the loneliness score of the elderly. This study involved three participants aged 70-80 years. Data analysis in this study used the paired sample t-test. The instruments used are the UCLA loneliness and Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS). The results showed that there was a difference in loneliness scores in the elderly before and after following forgiveness therapy (sig 0.008 <0.05).
SELF-COMPASSION DAN RESILIENSI PADA WARGA BINAAN DI LEMBAGA PERMASYARAKATAN
Authors: Avati Popi , Nurwijayanti Nurwijayanti
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan self-compassion dengan resiliensi pada warga binaan di lembaga pemasyarakatan kelas II A Salemba. Penelitian ini menggunakan Self-compassion Scale dan Connor Davidson Resiliensi Scale. Subyek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 397 warga binaan, metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif, dengan teknik pengambilan sampling yaitu Insidental Sampling. Uji hipotesis menggunakan teknik analisis korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara self-compassion dan resiliensi. Hubungan ini bersifat positif dengan makna semakin tinggi self-compassion, maka semakin tinggi pula resiliensi pada warga binaan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu pihak lembaga pemasyarakatan untuk memfasilitasi, mengarahkan, dan mengajak warga binaan pada program seperti bimbingan, konseling, roleplay, training, kerohanian, dan terapis yang dapat meningkatkan rasa untuk menyayangi diri sendiri serta tidak menyalahkan keadaan atas situasi yang dihadapi para warga binaan.
Desarrollo del Crowdlending para las Pymes en Colombia bajo la plataforma A2censo
Authors: Zamora - Morantes Carlos Hildar , Oviedo Elizabeth
Published: August 2023

La revolución 4.0, las constantes crisis que circundan el desarrollo empresarial que impactan en el país y la búsqueda de oportunidades de pequeños inversionistas con bajos recursos obligan no solo a modernizar sino a cambiar la idea de crédito como mecanismo que apalanca oportunidades dejando a un lado las reglas de un “único” oferente o aportante financiero, el cual puede influir en la exclusión o en la limitación de la cantidad solicitada por el prestatario, para que logre ser un mecanismo accesible a las propuestas, reales en el tiempo, con los aportes de distintos inversores y el apoyo activo del intermediario para su logros de las PYMES. Se trata de un trabajo de corte descriptivo que tiene como objetivo presentar la caracterización del Crowdlending en Colombia llegando al contraste con otras plataformas de inversión a partir de la revisión documental. A grandes rasgos, la presencia de “prestamos colectivos” permite que las PYMES (en su mayoría pequeñas empresas, con menos de 5 años y del sector manufacturero) contar con un crédito accesible, permitiéndoles, por medio del acompañamiento de la plataforma, suplir sus necesidades de  capital de trabajo.
El Emprendimiento en la educación agrícola a la luz de tres enfoques epistemológicos: Una revisión sistemática
Authors: Villamarín - Monroy Jeffer Julián , Montalvo - Rodríguez Juan Carlos
Published: August 2023

Una de las maneras para superar las necesidades económicas y productivas de las diferentes zonas rurales, es a través del emprendimiento. Por este motivo estudiar desde epistemologías como la fenomenología, el constructivismo, y el empirismo, logra abarracar las diferentes preguntas y brechas que se presentan en las incidencias para el desarrollo formación de los jóvenes en actividades de emprendimiento agrícola.  Sin embargo, el emprendimiento da soluciones a las problemáticas sociales en cada una de las regiones.  De esta manera también logra estimular en los jóvenes de los colegios agrícolas nociones de emprendimiento, y genera aportes en la transformación de los entornos, aumentando las dinámicas económicas adaptadas en las regiones, que finalmente aportan al desarrollo de los jóvenes, y la obtención de capacidades en emprendimiento. Se realiza una revisión sistemática de artículos publicados en revistas indexadas en inglés y español de aportes investigativos en temas de formación en emprendimiento agrícola, las experiencias que se dan de acuerdo con las condiciones y características de cada uno de los diferentes estudios realizados, y su adaptabilidad en los entornos rurales a partir de los paradigmas que enmarcan estas condiciones en cada una de las regiones a nivel global.
Triatoma dimidiata feces naturally contaminated with Trypanosoma cruzi : Inflammatory response at the inoculation site
Authors: Monteon Victor , Escobar-Laines Sergio , Ramírez-Sarmiento Carlos , Macedo Verónica , Pérez Floribeth León
Published: August 2023

Aim: Natural transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi occurs when
infected hematophagous deposit feces contaminated with metacyclic
trypomastigotes on injured skin or mucosa. To study the inflammatory
response at the inoculation site, dissemination of parasites, Th cell
subtypes at the local lymph nodes and myocarditis mice were exposed to
Triatoma dimidiata naturally contaminated with Trypanosoma
cruzi. Methods and results: Mice were intradermal inoculated
with T. dimidiata feces containing metacyclic trypomastigotes or
were previously immunized with feces without metacyclic trypomastigotes
and analyzed from 15 minutes to 3 months after inoculation. Parasites
remained at the inoculation site until 20 days after inoculation but
disappeared early in pre-immunized mice that presented with edema and
collagen fragmentation as early as 15 minutes after being challenged
with metacyclic trypomastigotes. The Th2 subpopulation dominated in the
first week in mice infected with feces containing metacyclic
trypomastigotes, whereas Th1 and Th17 populations dominated in the
challenged mice population. Similarly in heart tissue, intense
myocarditis and remodeling, with faster clearance of amastigotes was
observed in mice previously immunized with Triatoma dimidiata
feces. Furthermore, immune cell-types, Th1 and Th17, predominated after
20 days post-infection in all experimental groups. Conclusions: Previous
exposure with Triatoma dimidiata feces prior to infection with
metacyclic trypomastigotes favors parasitic dissemination and early
induction of Th1 and Th17 subpopulations with lower parasitism in heart
tissue but does not ameliorate inflammation and tissue damage which is
accompanied with Th1/Th17 and Treg profile.