bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QUANTIFYING THE RELATIVE DIFFICULTY OF DESIGN ENGINEERING TERM PROJECTS
Authors: Platanitis George , Pop-Iliev Remon
Published: April 2017

Are we aware of how challenging the design engineering projects are that we assign to engineering students? This paper emphasizes the pedagogical importance of evaluating the dynamics of the iterative tasks pertaining to assigned design engineering term projects in academia for reasons of quantifying, balancing and adjusting their relative level of difficulty. Methodologies exist in industry for large projects, such as for example the design of the various systems of automobiles or aircraft, to assist engineers and project managers with the efficient planning of such tasks, possibly eliminating some of the iterations altogether, as well as ordering tasks (where eliminating iteration is impossible) to minimize duration of coupled tasks. The Design Structure Matrix (DSM), which along with its extension – the Work Transformation Matrix (WTM), have proven to be useful methodologies for predicting convergence of iteration, as well as in figuring out which coupled tasks will require several iterations to reach a technical solution. In this context, a DSM/WTM-based method is proposed that educators within an engineering curriculum could apply to pre-determine the difficulty of the design projects they assign and could adjust them, if necessary, so to be commensurate to the current academic level of the respective learners.
UNIVERSITY-LEVEL DESIGN ENGINEERING CHALLENGES WITH STUDENT FEEDBACK
Authors: Bazylak Jason , Wild Peter
Published: April 2017

The Design Engineering Challenge Series is a set of design events organized by the University of Victoria Design Engineering Office to enhance the undergraduate student design experience. The first of the two events run in the series was the First Year Design Engineering Challenge. This event challenged first year engineering students to design and construct a microcontroller-directed electromagnetic model crane, in a single day. The second event had students from across campus working in interdisciplinary teams to design video games. Both events were extremely successful with follow up events planned for the next academic year.
EASYDSP: PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING IN DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
Authors: Malakuti Kaveh , Branzan Albu Alexandra
Published: April 2017

This paper presents a pilot pedagogical project that combined for the first time problem-based learning (PBL) with a lecture-based instructional style in Digital Signal Processing I. This new course format was offered during the Spring 2008 term at the University of Victoria, Canada. The PBL component was implemented via EasyDSP, a custom-designed framework for system design and signal analysis.
THE WINCUBE SATTELITE PROJECT MANITOBA HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS CONSTRUCTING AND LAUNCHING PICO-SATELLITE AND HIGH ALTITUDE BALLOON PAYLOADS
Authors: Cieszecki Jeff , Wagener Stevan
Published: April 2017

The WinCube Satellite Project is a cooperative effort among Manitoba high schools, the Manitoba Satellite Interest group (MSIG), the Faculty of Engineering at the University of Manitoba, Maples Collegiate Space Exploration Academy, the Manitoba Aerospace Human Resources Coordinating Committee and numerous aerospace industry partners. Through a mentorship program, Manitoba high school students will design, construct, and launch a pico-satellite with technical support provided by aerospace faculty and engineering students. Basic system design and construction experience for the high school students is provided by the construction and launch of high altitude balloon payloads. Students learn first hand about space mission design, telecommunications, programming, electrical and mechanical engineering.
THE PATH FROM FUNCTIONAL TO DETAILED DESIGN OF A CONING ROTOR WIND TURBINE CONCEPT
Authors: Crawford Curran A.
Published: April 2017

This paper provides a brief overview of functional design theory, which is then used to examine choices in wind turbine design. Definition of function is used to examine fundamental design choices in engineering a machine to capture energy from the wind. Specifically, rationalization is presented for a coning rotor wind turbine concept, potentially able to greatly reduce the cost of wind energy. The work presented here has provided a theoretical basis in design theory to motivate the development of specialized analysis tools and more detailed analysis of the concept.
A COMPARISON OF CONCEPT SELECTION IN CONCEPT SCORING AND AXIOMATIC DESIGN METHODS
Authors: Xiao Adrian , Park Simon S. , Freiheit Theo
Published: April 2017

The appropriate selection of design concepts has a strong influence on product cost, durability, robustness and functionality. Effective tools to identify good design concepts are critical. Different design methodologies have different objectives to aid in making the right decision. Some design methods are complementary, whereas others may provide contradictory results. In this study, two design methods, concept scoring and axiomatic design, are compared for their ability to obtain good design concepts. Conceptual designs of micro-pumps, which provide pressure gradients to actuate the flow of liquids and gas, are used to evaluate the design methods. Metrics are used to compare these two design methodologies’ abilities to achieve objective evaluations. The concept scoring method is easy to use, especially when comparing different designs. The axiomatic design method provides a structured and mathematical design evaluation; however, achieving good design through the uncoupling or decoupling of matrices is challenging. Further study is required to integrate these two design methods.
"USING THE LIMITATIONS OF SITUATED LEARNING PEDAGOGY TO OUR ADVANTAGE IN AN ENGINEERING DESIGN CONTEXT"
Authors: Chong Alan
Published: April 2017

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DESIGN FOR RELIABILITY AND MAINTAINABILITY USING FMECA: CASE STUDIES OF MOBILE UNDERGROUND MINING EQUIPMENT
Authors: Thakur Shankar S. , Murphy Patrick F. R. , Daneshmend Laeeque K. , Lucifora Daniel J.
Published: April 2017

Underground mining equipment must be designed to survive very demanding, and often unpredictable, operating conditions – hence reliability of equipment designs is crucial. Conversely, the underground mining environment imposes severe logistical constraints on equipment maintenance and repair – hence maintainability is also a significant design goal. This paper presents the outcomes of case studies related to the Design for Reliability and Design for Maintainability of mobile underground mining equipment. Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis (FMECA), a well established tool for both reliability and maintainability analysis, is employed. The case studies deal with a Load-haul-Dump (LHD) vehicle and an underground truck. The specifics of the analysis methodology adopted, levels of effort, outcomes, and practical lessons learnt are discussed. The relationship between such FMECA analysis and the wider issues and implications of adoption of Related Centred Maintenance (RCM) by both mining equipment manufacturers and mining companies is also explored.
PRARMETRIC MODELLING AS A DESIGN REPRESENTATION IN ARCHITECTURE: A PROCESS ACCOUNT
Authors: Woodbury Robert , Williamson Shane , Beesley Philip
Published: April 2017

Disciplines outside of engineering, for instance, architecture, are adopting parametric modelling as a design representation. This paper reports on three aspects of the adoption process, which is largely being conducted through multi-day workshops outside of formal university course settings. Fist, the structure and process of such workshops may be a model for interdisciplinary learning and university-industry liaison. Second, students learning parametric modelling must master skill different from that required for non-parametric representation. Third, the parametric modelling strategies being developed in architecture may have both similarities and differences to those used in engineering.
NEW APPROACHES TO DESIGN PRACTICE
Authors: MacLeod Douglas
Published: April 2017

Contemporary design practice is both borrowing from and contributing to other disciplines. This paper will examine two significant trends – design-based research and evidence-based design – that will have an impact on current and future design practices. Design-based research is currently popular in the field of education and borrows from the way architects and engineers work to develop their ideas in real-world contexts and as such it provides a new perspective into design engineering itself. Evidence-based design borrows from work done in evidence-based medicine to carefully observe and analyze the way people use the products of design. Taken together these two trends provide a new approach to design and a better means of connecting with collaborators, consumers and users.
DESIGNING EXTENDED ASSIGNMENTS FOR TEAM-BASED LEARNING MODULES
Authors: Hodgson Antony J. , Ostafichuk Peter
Published: April 2017

The design block in UBC’s new integrated second year curriculum is taught using a team-based learning approach in which students work in teams of six or seven. The course is composed of six modules, each comprised of a reading assignment, a readiness quiz, ~5 tutorials and ~12 class hours. Much of the class time is devoted to extended assignments through which students integrate their knowledge, apply their skills, and make judgments which they then defend in class. We have found that designing appropriate and effective assignments has been one of the most difficult aspects of TBL for us to master. In this paper, we present examples of what we have tried over the past two years and assess their strengths and weaknesses.
TEACHING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS FOR DESIGN ENGINEERS
Authors: Kurowski Paul M.
Published: April 2017

The Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is becoming increasingly popular among design engineers using it as one of many product design tools. Safe and cost efficient use of FEA as a product design tool requires training, different from that presently found in undergraduate curriculum of mechanical engineering students. The specific requirements of design engineers for training in the field of FEA have been addressed by the author in a number of professional development courses in FEA, catering specifically to the needs of design engineers. This paper discuses tools and methods used in the development and delivery of these courses and their applicability to the undergraduate courses taught in Canadian Engineering schools.
WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR HUMAN FACTORS IN ENGINEERING DESIGN? THE CASE OF THE VOLVO POWERTRAIN
Authors: Neumann W. P. , Winkel J.
Published: April 2017

A case study in Volvo Powertrain is conducted to examine the distribution of responsibility for human factors in the companies’ engineering design process. Design decisions with human factors impact, and hence system performance implications, are identified in the design of both the product and the production system in a chain of decisions, spread across multiple stakeholder groups. Thus the organisational structure of the engineering design process appears to influence the ability to handle human factors appropriately at each stage of design. Responsibility (although perhaps not accountability) appears to be distributed throughout the engineering design process. Thus human factors aspects require careful coordination throughout engineering design.
THE ROLE OF THE LABORATORY IN DESIGN ENGINEERING EDUCATION
Authors: Surgenor Brian , Firth Kevin
Published: April 2017

This paper discusses the role of the laboratory in engineering design education, and specifically, how laboratories can be used to help meet elements of the CEAB requirements for engineering design and in doing so, complement the objectives of design project courses. Examples are taken from two courses offered at Queen’s University: 1) automatic control systems and 2) mechatronics engineering.
IMAGING OF CORROSION PITS ON METALLIC PIPES USING A LASER SCANNER
Authors: Najjaran Homayoun
Published: April 2017

This paper describes the hardware and software of a laser scanning system that is used to produce 3D images of external surfaces of pipes. The images are produced in the form of 3D raster images with a resolution of up to 0.1×0.1 mm and an accuracy of 3-10 microns, depending on the desired scanning speed, to portray the corrosion pits on the pipes. The main application of the scanner is to establish patterns for calibrating nondestructive testing techniques (e.g., Remote Field Eddy Current (RFEC) and ultrasound testing that are commonly used to measure the remaining wall thickness of ductile and cast iron pipes), and also identifying the statistical characteristics of the measuring instruments utilized in those methods. The images may also be useful to scrutinize corrosion and failure mechanisms, especially when estimates of average or maximum pit depth are insufficient. The scanning system consists of a 2-DOF robot that can move a laser displacement sensor along a pipe and an instrumented rig that rotates the pipe about its axis. Rotating the pipe and moving the rangefinder along the pipe’s axis, the scanning system acquires laser measurements into a host computer to produce the image. The paper also presents the images and statistical analysis of corrosion pits of pipe samples exhumed and sandblasted for scanning.
"RUGPLOT" VISUALIZATION FOR PRELIMINARY DESIGN
Authors: Eng Nathan , Salustri Filippo A.
Published: April 2017

This paper describes the extension of a multivariate scatter plot for qualitative use. The plot combines effective diagramming practices and modified axis dimensions to cohesively summarize qualitative analysis in the early, unstructured stages of design. The rugplot is a flexible tool that improves understanding of the “hard” limits of the problem, self-imposed “false” constraints, and directions for concept modification and recombination. An example is given with Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) software that makes the case for the introduction of a new class of tools. Improvements are still needed to streamline data collection and to automate graph generation.
THE USE OF PRODUCT DATA MANAGEMENT (PDM) SOFTWARE TO SUPPORT STUDENT DESIGN PROJECTS
Authors: Buchal Ralph O.
Published: April 2017

Industry recognizes the central importance of managing and sharing CAD data within the organization, and powerful Product Data Management (PDM) systems have been developed to address this need However, engineering schools have been slow to adopt PDM technology, and student design teams typically rely on a variety of ad hoc approaches to manage shared CAD data. To address the PDM requirements of student projects, the University of Western Ontario acquired and deployed PDMWorks in January 2006. PDMWorks is a midrange PDM system for SolidWorks. Installation and administration of this midrange product are very straightforward, and its tight integration with SolidWorks makes PDMWorks easy to use. However, PDMWorks is best suited to relatively small workgroups, and does not scale easily to large numbers of users.
EVALUATING DESIGN GOODNESS USING CLUSTER FUZZY INFERENCE ALGORITHM
Authors: Freiheit T. , Park S. S. , Regier C. N.
Published: April 2017

Fast changing global markets demand that manufacturers quickly develop products that are simultaneously cost-effective and meet stakeholder needs. To survive in the hyper competitive environment of the information society, innovative product design is essential. However, it can be difficult for designers to identify whether the design is a “good” design before a product is manufactured and marketed. This paper develops a model to quantify the impor-tance of good design characteristics. Through the use of cluster-fuzzy inference algorithm, quantified design “goodness” weights are generated based on surveys of rank ordered “goodness” characteristics. The cluster-fuzzy weights are compared with weights obtained from statistical analysis and found to have similar trends, but provides better insight to the relationship with rest of the characteristics. A cluster-fuzzy approach is an effective tool to de-termine important design parameters in the early stages of design.
DEVELOPMENT OF RECONFIGURABLE PARALLEL KINEMATIC MACHINES USING MODULAR DESIGN APPROACH
Authors: Zhang Dan , Bi Zhuming
Published: April 2017

This paper introduces the theoretical design of reconfigurable machine tools using modular design approach. First, the general concept of modular robot and its growing need is introduced. Second, the design of reconfigurable parallel kinematic machines is discussed and the geometric modeling of such figures is presented and explained, and potential applications are described. Finally, a case study for proposed structure is conducted for its kinematic modeling and design optimization and some results are concluded.
ENGINEERING CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT IN MICROSYSTEMS
Authors: Lai Yongjun , Bazaz Shafaat Ahmed
Published: April 2017

Microsystems are a rapidly developing technology that integrates Micro-electro-mechanical systems (commonly known as MEMS) and microfluidics devices with microelectronics and optoelectronics circuits. Due to increasing demand and opportunities from these fields, universities are introducing or have introduced MEMS/Microfluidics courses to their students at undergraduates and graduate levels. By its nature, the field is multidisciplinary and requires various backgrounds when integrating all components of Microsystems as described above. The current challenges in this area are design, fabrication and testing the microsystem devices. This brings various constraints on both the instructors and the students from the point of teaching and learning aspects. Designing a typical microsystem requires the use of modeling and simulation tools from multi energy domains (circuit simulators, multiphysics analysis, 3D modeling, fluidic flows etc). Fabrication methods have recently been evolved from traditional microelectronics fabrication techniques to more complicated micromachining technologies (bulk vs. surface micromachining, LIGA vs. Deep Reactive Ion etching etc). Testing of Microsystems goes beyond traditional electrical testing to the motion analysis of the moving parts on the microsystems. In recent years, the application of microsystems have also been moving away from traditional telecommunication and entering into new areas like health care, energy, environment, automobile and biotechnology. This makes the teaching of microsystem technologies more challenging to fulfill the needs of students entering in Microsystems from existing disciplines (electrical, mechanical, physics, etc.) with limited background on all parts of microsystems. In addition to the multidisciplinary nature of Microsystems, limited resources (small number of design platforms versus large number of students), absence of supportive funding vs. high cost of prototyping, limited time frame vs. long fabrication periods, restrictive opportunities for students to have hands-on design experience make it difficult to offer such courses at graduate and undergraduate levels. In this paper, we discuss developing a new Microsystems course curriculum with emphasis on MEMS in university environment, particularly at Queen’s University in Canada. This curriculum is designed in a team project-based manner but in modular form. The lecture will be delivered by two main instructors and some guest instructors for different topics. The team members for each project have complementary background or coming from different discipline. The pertinent resources at Queen’s University, including such in CMC Microsystems will be available to the students which solves the shortage of resources for teaching.
TEACHING DESIGN TO FIRST-YEAR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS
Authors: Yargeau Viviane
Published: April 2017

Despite the evolution in the chemical engineering curricula, the first years of the curriculum are still primarily devoted to the basic sciences and the application of scientific principles to technological problems. The author describes how the Department of Chemical Engineering at McGill University accepted the challenge of introducing first-year students to design. An overview of the design component implemented in the Introduction to Chemical Engineering course is given. Key features include design objectives and methodology, design projects and assessment. The author identified a significant increase of students’ enthusiasm about the course due to the application of their knowledge to “real” problems.
CANADA'S NEWEST ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING CURRICULUM: DRIVING FACTORS AND CRITICAL REQUIREMENTS
Authors: Grami A. , Rosen M. A.
Published: April 2017

UOIT’s Electrical Engineering program was launched in September 2005. The driving factors and critical requirements for this program were unique, and led to the development of a curriculum which is innovative in many respects, yet maintains the best features of traditional EE programs. The development effort focused on the quality of the curriculum, in terms of content, pedagogy and delivery, as quality is important to students, prospective employers, graduate schools, accreditation bodies and the engineering community. Since the notion of quality is always multi-dimensional, we provide here the rationale for the EE program from many perspectives: generalized vs. specialized,, problem solving vs. engineering design, technical vs. complementary studies, circuits vs. signals, analog vs. digital, lab experimentation vs. computer simulation, and knowledge-sake vs. market-oriented.
VIRTUAL PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT WITHIN A FOURTH YEAR OPTION IN THE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CURRICULUM
Authors: Sanschagrin B. , Fortin C. , Vadéan A. , Lakis A.
Published: April 2017

The Mechanical Engineering Department of École Polytechnique after experimenting for a number of years with a virtual environment option in the Aerospace Master Program, created a new design option in the fourth year of the Mechanical Engineering program. This option is built around a project carried out by a large team working over two semesters where a digital product definition including Product Data Management and Manufacturing Process Management technologies are currently used to foster a concurrent product development process. This orientation contains three courses and the project. A series of laboratory sessions have been developed in each course in order to familiarise the students with the virtual environment and also the various types of analysis that they will have to perform on the product being developed. Professors teaching the three courses participate in the project definition and the project assessment. This approach reinforces the various subjects’ knowledge and integrates it into a practical realm close to an industrial environment. The project assessment includes four reviews. A requirements review and a conceptual review are set in the first semester and a preliminary design review and a critical or detail design review in the second semester. At each review, the students prepare a technical report followed by an oral presentation to a jury composed of four professors of the option, engineers from industry and the professor coordinating the SAE Student Formula. At each review, the students have to evaluate the work completed by each participant to the project. This evaluation impacts on the individual assessment of the project. The vision for this project is to integrate practical building and test experiences by coupling the option courses with an already existing lab course in the last semester. A major part of this lab course is oriented for practical team training (3 - 4 students) on a given number of laboratory experiments. It is planned that some of these labs will be focused on the analysis and testing of sub-assemblies already designed and built during the project of the previous or the current year. This goal is in line with our CDIO (Conceive, Design, Implement, Operate) initiative which aims to include in the engineering curriculum a number of design, build and test experiences.
PREDICTIVE HOLOGRAPHIC NEURAL NETWORK CONTROL OF 2 DOF MAGNETIC LEVITATION DEVICE
Authors: Darenfed S. , Sridharan G.
Published: April 2017

The objective herein is to demonstrate the feasibility of a real-time digital control of a 2 DOF magnetic levitation device for modeling and controls education, with emphasis on predictive holographic neural network control. The plant of interest is a magnetic levitation device that is nonlinear and open-loop unstable. In this application, the reference model of the plant is a neural network that has an embedded nominal linear model in the network weights. The control based on the linear model provides initial stability at the beginning of network training. In using a holographic neural network the control laws are nonlinear and online adaptation of the model is possible to capture unmodeled or time-varying dynamics. Such an environment provides for experimentation, data collection, system identification and novel control strategy implementation. The environment is used to implement predictive holographic neural networks with real-time dynamic weight tuning and controller performance comparison under various trajectories input. The educational features of this environment are being tested in a senior control engineering classroom setting.
PROVIDING 24X7 ACCESS TO ENGINEERING DESIGN LECTURES USING A TABLET PC AND SILICON CHALK
Authors: Blatz James , Britton Ron
Published: April 2017

This paper details the use of Silicon Chalk software in conjunction with a Tablet PC to provide digital lecture files for students in an engineering design course. The advantage of this approach over the traditional overhead or chalkboard is that the notes are digitally recorded by the Tablet PC such that they can be saved following the lecture and distributed to the students for self study. In addition, Silicon Chalk is used to record the audio component of lectures to be distributed to students after the lecture. The result is a classroom environment with increased student participation and interaction.
DESIGN PROJECTS - THE CDIO CONTEXT AND EXPERIENCE WITH INDUSTRY
Authors: Mechefske Chris K. , Surgenor Brian W. , Pelow John , Wyss Urs P.
Published: April 2017

As with most engineering schools, the Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering at Queen’s University in Kingston, has a final year capstone design course. Since 1998, capstone projects have involved teams of students working on industry-based problems. This paper summarizes the experience of current and past course coordinators with the university-industry component, comments on how the Conceiv Design Implement Operate (CDIO) elements of the design cycle are handled, and discusses the implications of the two term structure of the course. The first term course MECH 460 Team Project – Conceive and Design is mandatory for all students. The second term course MECH 462 Team Project – Implement and Operate is optional.
ALUMNI/AE SURVEYS AS TOOLS FOR DIRECTING CHANGE IN ENGINEERING CURRICULUM
Authors: Mechefske Chris K. , Wyss Urs P. , Surgenor Brian W. , Kubrick Natalie
Published: April 2017

Like any other similar department, the Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering (MME) at Queen’s University adapts the undergraduate curriculum on an ongoing basis using input from students, faculty, alumni/ae and other sources. Of particular usefulness have been alumni/ae survey results. These results have allowed priorities for curriculum changes to be set with the confidence that graduates will be well equipped to meet the demands of a changing workplace. This paper describes the results of the most recent survey. Many of the suggested changes to the curriculum have already been implemented. One of the ongoing challenges of the Department will be to repeat the survey regularly in the future, to see if the current changes made a difference in terms of employer and graduate satisfaction.
IMPROVEMENTS TO A UNIVERSITY CAPSTONE DESIGN PROGRAM THROUGH THE USE OF INDUSTRIAL MENTORS AND INCREASED MILESTONE DELIVERABLES
Authors: Mikkelsen J. , Yellowley I. , Hodgson A. , Cramond P. , McAdam D.
Published: April 2017

This paper reviews some recent major changes made to the Senior Mechanical Engineering Capstone Design Program at UBC. The program now consists of a two-term senior level design sequence where student teams work on open-ended design problems sponsored by outside clients. In order to reinforce relevance and ensure that practices parallel those of industry, the Department recruited local senior engineers to serve as engineering mentors to the students and work in concert with the course instructors. Several milestones were established during the duration of the program year to reinforce good design practice beginning from an agreement on client needs and proceeding through concept generation, selection, analysis and finally ending with prototype construction and evaluation. The paper highlights the improvements made to the program as a result of these changes and presents an example of a student design project developed under the new model.
DESIGNING EVALUATION INTO OPEN-ENDED DESIGN LABS
Authors: Muench T. C. , Fonstad T.
Published: April 2017

Open-ended design problems are an important part of engineering education. Balanced with this is the requirement for effective evaluation within a limited amount of time. As with concurrent engineering, parallel development of the components is required - in this case, the design lab and its evaluation. The implemented approach uses the engineering design cycle as a lab development template. To facilitate evaluation, the lab document has been designed to require students to clearly complete and document the engineering design cycle. This paper looks at the lab development process, evaluation results from a sample of graded labs, and feedback results.
BEYOND ENGINEERING DESIGN: WHAT ARE THE NATURAL BOUNDARIES OF DESIGN EDUCATION AND RESEARCH FOR CANADIAN UNIVERSITIES?
Authors: Woodbury R. , Côté P. , Harrop P. , Rivard H. , Salustri F. A. , Seebohm T.
Published: April 2017

Design is a key present and future contributor to the wealth of nations. It is a discipline in the sense that it is a coherent body of thought and practice, but in academia is almost invariably distributed across disciplines concerned with particular kinds of design. Successful design work involves many such disciplines. Contemporary design practice demonstrates work organizations in which no one discipline has privilege of priority. Several trends, including globalization, environmental limits, multiple clients and criteria, limited disciplinary perspectives, design tools, collaboration, disruptive technologies and changing patterns of design education point to an increasing scope both for the act of design in society and of the disciplines that must effectively interact on design problems. An implication is a need for a corresponding increase in communication and collaboration across all relevant design disciplines.
AN INTEGRATED DESIGN METHODOLOGY
Authors: Freiheit T. , Park S. S. , Giuliani V
Published: April 2017

Global markets demand quick product develop-ment that is simultaneously cost-effective and meets stakeholder needs. Many tools and design methodolo-gies have been developed that address individual as-pects of the design problem, such as Axiomatic De-sign, Design for Manufacture, Life Cycle Design, etc. However, competitive viability can be put at risk when a product fails to achieve all customer, business, manufacturing, and regulatory requirements. To de-liver all design requirements, an efficient integrated design methodology is required. This paper proposes a design approach which integrates previously devel-oped design tools to economically achieve essential design objectives, within a framework that facilitates a rapid design process.
EFFECTIVE STIFFENING OF THIN ROTATING DISKS USING SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS
Authors: Poirier J. , Radziszewski P.
Published: April 2017

Thin spinning disk such as saw blades are limited in their rotation speed by their critical speed. The critical speed can be lowered by heating along the periphery of the disk. To counter this phenomenon, the use of shape memory alloys is investigated as a method to stiffen the disk when heated. The disk is modeled using the finite element analysis. The design results in a thin disk that can operate at higher temperatures and speeds.
A DESIGN CHALLENGE - INCORPORATING DESIGN INTO THE FIRST YEAR ENGINEERING CURRICULUM
Authors: Nokleby Scott B. , Pop-Iliev Remon
Published: April 2017

This paper outlines a novel engineering graphics and design course at the University of Ontario Institute of Technology (UOIT). The course is designed to enable first year engineering students to learn the engineering design process while at the same time developing strong free-hand sketching and 3-D solid modelling skills. The dual nature of the graphics-design course enables students to learn engineering graphics in a non-isolated manner. The results after two years of offering the course show that first-year team-based projects are feasible and manageable and that first-year engineering students are capable of completing rather complex and innovative solid modelling design projects.
A NEW FIRST YEAR DESIGN COURSE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO
Authors: Buchal Ralph , Bartlett F. Michael , Hinchberger Sean , Barghi Shahzad , Bassi Amarjeet , McIsaac Kenneth , Sabrinathan Jayshri , Samani Abbas , Sun Xeuliang (Andy)
Published: April 2017

A new first year design course at the University of Western Ontario uses team design projects to develop skills in the engineering design process, teamwork, design communication, and reflection. Students begin with a short 6-week mini-project, which is followed by an 18-week major design project. Each student is required to prepare an individual “State-of-the-art” report at the beginning of the major project. Students work through the stages of the design process, starting with conceptual design to generate innovative concepts. This is followed by design validation using analysis, simulation and experiments, CAD modeling, and prototype construction and testing.
TEACHING ENGINEERING DESIGN: A HYBRID FRAMEWORK
Authors: Emami M. Reza
Published: April 2017

This paper presents a framework that utilizes both behaviourist and constructivist learning models for teaching engineering design. The instructional design methodology is based on the Elaboration Theory that allows a gradual transition from content-based instruction to project-based knowledge construction. The practical steps are detailed for a full-year design course at the sophmore level.
CAPSTONE DESIGN PROJECTS AT THE DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL AND INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AT CONCORDIA UNIVERSITY
Authors: Hong H. , Hoa S. V. , Bhuiyan N. , Siddiqui K. , Pugh M.
Published: April 2017

A new approach to conducting the capstone design project at the Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering at Concordia University has yielded significantly enhanced student learning experiences. The design, manufacture and test phases of the mechanical engineering projects, and the design, implementation, and test phases for the industrial engineering projects, provided students the opportunity to ‘practice their engineering profession’ and to instil technical and personal confidence through ‘hands-on’ realization and achievement of their project goals. This paper describes the new approach and the benefits that resulted.
REDUCING GLOBAL WARMING THROUGH ADVANCED VEHICLE DESIGN
Authors: Evans R. L.
Published: April 2017

Global warming has been identified as one of the most important problems facing mankind in the 21st century. Currently, some 6 gigatonnes of CO2 are emitted each year as a result of the combustion of fossil fuels, and a large fraction of these emissions originate from the transportation sector. By examining the complete energy conversion chain, the choice of primary energy source for any particular application becomes easier to understand. A discussion of alternatives to the internal combustion engine as the sole power source for vehicular propulsion is presented, and some form of hybrid electric vehicle propulsion system is identified as being a likely choice to reduce fossil fuel consumption, and therefore CO2 emissions from the transportation sector. The demonstrated market success of grid-independent hybrid vehicles may be followed by a new design of “plug-in hybrid” vehicles in which it is possible to travel for up to 100 km in an all-electric mode, while maintaining the option of using an internal combustion engine when greater range between charging cycles is required.
TEACHING CAD IN MECHANICAL AND MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING PROGRAMS - AN EXPERIENCE AT UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY
Authors: Xue D.
Published: April 2017

This paper introduces our experience of teaching a CAD course in mechanical and manufacturing engineering programs at University of Calgary. Three aspects of the CAD knowledge, including computer graphics theory, practice of CAD systems, and applications of CAD in engineering design and manufacturing, are discussed based on the requirements for the mechanical and manufacturing engineering programs. The various components of a CAD course at University of Calgary, including lectures, laboratories, textbooks, assignments, and course projects, are provided at the end of this paper.
AN ASSESSMENT TOOL FOR STUDENT DESIGN PROJECTS
Authors: Salustri Filippo A.
Published: April 2017

This paper presents a method developed by the author to assess student design projects. The method involves identifying assessment elements, weighting the elements, and grading the work as if had only one author. Data supplied by the students is used to identify the relative work put into each element. This allows individual grades to be calculated in a fair and consistent means. Sufficient background, context, and detail is given to allow anyone to use the reported method. In over eight years of use, no significant problems have been detected with this method.
DESIGN SPACE MACHINERY
Authors: Woodbury Robert F. , Burrow Andrew L.
Published: April 2017

Design space exploration is a long-standing focus in computational design research. Its three main threads are accounts of designer action, development of strategies for amplification of designer action in exploration and discovery of computational structures to support exploration. Chief amongst such structures is the design space – the network structure of related designs that are visited in an exploration process. There is relatively little research on design spaces to date. This paper sketches a partial account of the structure of both design spaces and research to develop them.
DEVELOPMENT OF ANATOMICALLY CORRECT MOCK-UPS OF THE AORTA FOR PIV INVESTIGATIONS
Authors: Yip Ronnie , Mongrain Rosaire , Ranga Adrian , Brunette Jean , Cartier Raymond
Published: April 2017

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Canada and other western countries. In that context, understanding the mechanics involved in the aorta can lead to better comprehension of the interaction of blood flow and wall mechanics in normal and pathologic conditions. In this work, we present the methodologies to create physical models of the aorta for flow visualization purposes in order to assess the effects of compliance.
DESIGN DIRECTED ENGINEERING EDUCATION
Authors: Yellowley Ian , Gu Peihua
Published: April 2017

The authors examine the changes and opportunities in the educational environment that will occur as packaged courseware and virtual access to laboratories are assimilated into the engineering curriculum worldwide. The impact on Universities and in turn on Canadian industry will be major unless there is a coordinated effort that can turn the challenge into an opportunity. The opportunity, the authors believe, is to use this new material to allow innovative approaches to education that use Design to direct student learning. The major benefits would be a greater appreciation of technology and practice and significantly improved communication skills, (both of which are regarded as essential by industrial employers). The authors believe that the engineering science background would be enhanced rather than weakened by the approach suggested.
ENGINEERING DESIGN: THOUGHTS AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Proulx Denis
Published: April 2017

According to the Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board, all engineering programs in Canada must include a minimum of 15% of activities allocated to design. One can assume that these activities vary in content and scope between different programs. In this context, how can we define engineering design? Is there a recognized academic definition? Should our design goals be aligned with industrial needs and practice and if so, what should be the content of our design activities and how should they be structured? How is it possible to reach academic design goals given the limited resources available in our engineering schools? These are some of questions that will be addressed in this paper with the intent of better understanding the very important aspect of design’s engineering practice. Additional topics include: the change in design philosophy and approach resulting from a major program reform in the Mechanical Engineering Department at Université de Sherbrooke as well as the importance of industrial partnerships in design projects.
DESIGNING ARTIFICIAL MUSCLES: A BIOMIMETIC APPROACH
Authors: Rajagopalan Sumitra , Feldman Anatol , Fernandes Julio
Published: April 2017

This paper presents preliminary results of our ongoing work on the biomimetic muscle-like behaviour of poly(sodium acrylate) (PSA) hydrogels. Using Hill’s model as a basic framework, interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogels consisting of a contractile PSA network and an elastic poly(vinyl alcohol) PVA network were desinged. The hydrogels so formed reversibly contract in the presence of a critical Ca2+ concentration via a monovalent-divalent ion exchange mechanism. Ca2+ is shown to provoke a shortening of the gel through cross-bridge formation akin to biological muscles. The contractile behaviour of these hydrogels in Krebs physiological media is presented. Force-length measurements display a non-linear rubber-like profile of the hydrogel in the relaxed state as well as a stiffening in the contracted state, both of which are characteristic of biological muscles. In addition, there is evidence of both isometric and isotonic contraction.
DBDB: A DATABASE FOR DESIGN BIBLIOGRAPHY
Authors: Angeles Jorge , Azimakopulos Marika , McKnight David , Morozov Alexei
Published: April 2017

Given the interdisciplinarity of engineering design, and the need of a swift access to an up-to-date bibliography on the subject, the production of a design database becomes an imperative and challenging task. This is how two designers of the McGill NSERC Chair in Design Engineering teamed up with two expert librarians, also of McGill University, in an attempt to produce a database with a search engine that caters to designers at large, with special emphasis on engineers. The Design Bibliography Database aims at helping engineering designers, and designers at large to some extent, find bibliography items on specific topics of their multidiscipline. The first task to face is how to order the extremely rich literature on the subject. The bibliography database is currently being developed under the DBDB Project, as reported here.
A GRAPHICS AND DESIGN COURSE BASED ON COMPETITION MACHINE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Kujath Marek , Hubbard Ted
Published: April 2017

A second year mechanical engineering course in design and graphics is described. The course is structured around the design and fabrication of machines that take part in a competition at the end of the term; however, the main components of the students' performance evaluation are midterm and final design reports. The design objective is to build a competition machine, using only a supplied kit of materials, that performs a specified task better than the opponent’s. The course instructor prepares a new contest each year. This paper outlines the course structure and contents. It details the competition organization and its physical setup. Challenges associated with teaching this type of design course are discussed as well.
BUSINESS MODEL FRAMEWORK FOR USING REAL-TIME PROCESS DATA FOR DESIGN DECISION MAKING
Authors: Janssen Matty , Stuart Paul
Published: April 2017

In recent years real-time data management systems have become commonplace at pulp and paper mills, and mills seek to use this important resource for improved operation of production facilities as well as for business decision-making. This paper presents a comprehensive and holistic approach to business modeling in which real-time process data, cost data, and environmental data are used in a “bottom-up” manner to exploit their potential for process decision-making. The paper describes a hypothetical case study in which the business model concept is illustrated by application to a process design problem at an integrated newsprint mill.
NOVEL DESIGN APPROACH FOR SIMULTANEOUS ENERGY AND FLOW REDUCTION BASED ON PINCH ANALYSIS WITH STREAM MIXING
Authors: Lafourcade Sébastien , Stuart Paul
Published: April 2017

Capital intensive industries such as pulp and paper must be committed to improving their operations over the long-term, in a manner leading to minimum environmental impact. Consistent with this goal, a design methodology is proposed here based on thermal pinch analysis which allows for stream mixing, for identifying long-term programs which achieve simultaneous flow and energy reduction. The overall framework for the design methodology takes into account current techno-economic objectives, their variation over time, and eventual opportunities for the implementation of zero effluent operation. The methodology is illustrated by application at a TMP-newsprint mill.
DESIGN AND PROTOTYPE TESTING OF AN ELECTRIC DRIVETRAIN UTILIZING ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS
Authors: Kiers Michael , Marei Mostafa , Lambert Steven , Pick Roy J. , Salama M. M. A.
Published: April 2017

This paper describes the design and development of a prototype electric drivetrain in preparation for the hybrid conversion of a passenger vehicle. The design is unique in that it utilizes an electrochemical capacitor bank for regenerative braking energy storage. The design focus is on the development of a control algorithm for the drive motor, and the development of high efficiency DC-DC converters to interface the ultracapacitor bank, battery pack and motor controller.
THE EDUCATIONAL VALUE OF STUDENT DESIGN COMPETITIONS
Authors: Buchal Ralph O.
Published: April 2017

Multi-university student design competitions can be very effective in achieving desired learning objectives relating to the engineering design process, teamwork and leadership skills, and design communication. These interdisciplinary projects provide a highly motivating engineering challenge, and develop valuable practical skills. Students are typically involved for more than one year, so they experience more than one significant design iteration. Furthermore, the self-managed teams use informal mentorship and apprenticeship to develop technical and leadership skills. It is important that these projects be student-directed, with faculty in an advisory role only. In order to incorporate these projects into the design curriculum, innovative assessment methods may be required.
BACK TO THE FUTURE: ENGINEERING SKETCHING AS VISUALIZATION, IDEA GENERATION AND COMMUNICATION TOOL
Authors: Eggermont M. J. , Douglas D. M. , Caswell D. J. , Johnston C. R.
Published: April 2017

Training in engineering drawing has traditionally been focused on learning technical drawing or drafting skills in isolation from analytical and design skills. Engineering 251/253, as taught at the University of Calgary, has developed a visual literacy component that combines drawing methods from Engineering and Fine Art. Teaching drawing and sketching to first-year engineers, develops both drawing skill and perceptual ability which can be directly applied to current 3-D modeling programs. Engineering drawing or engineering sketching, as it is known in our course, functions as a tool for creativity, design and analysis, rather than strictly for technical representation.