Kelimpahan dan Keanekaragaman Spesies Kupu-Kupu (Lepidoptera; Rhopalocera) Pada Berbagai Tipe Habitat di Hutan Kota Muhammad Sabki Kota Jambi The Richness and Diversity of Butterflies (Lepidoptera; Rhopalocera) in the Urban Forest of Muhammad Sabki, Ja
Authors: Sri Estalita RAHAYU 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT. Species diversity of butterflies (Lepidoptera; Rhopalocera) of the urban forest of Muhammad Sabki,Â  JambiÂ  wereÂ  studiedÂ  fromÂ  JanuaryÂ  toÂ  FebruaryÂ  2012.Â Â Â  TheÂ  urbanÂ  forestÂ  wasÂ  dividedÂ  intoÂ  four different habitat types: the Park, the Stream side, the Rubber forest, and the Mixed forest.Â  Two transect routes were established for each habitat type.Â  Observations were made on the number of individuals of eachÂ  speciesÂ  ofÂ  butterfliesÂ  foundÂ  withinÂ  theÂ  transects.Â Â Â  DataÂ  wereÂ  analyzedÂ  byÂ  Shannon-Wiener, Evenness, and Sorenson indices.Â  A total of 43 species with 3241 individuals of six families (Hesperiidae, Papilionidae, Nymphalidae, Lycaenidae, and Riodinidae) of butterflies were recorded.Â  Nymphalidae was the most dominating family with the highest species richness at the urban forest.Â  The highest number of butterfly species was recorded at the Rubber forest and the Stream side (37 species each), followed by the Park (33 species) and the Mixed forest (27 species).Â  The most abundant butterflies were found at the RubberÂ  Forest,Â  andÂ  theÂ  leastÂ  wereÂ  inÂ  theÂ  StreamÂ  side.Â Â Â  TwoÂ  speciesÂ  (EuremaÂ  hecabeÂ  and Mycalesis janardana)Â  wereÂ  observedÂ  consistentlyÂ  atÂ  allÂ  habitatÂ  types,Â  andÂ  theÂ  formerÂ  wasÂ  theÂ  mostÂ  abundant species.Â  The highest species diversity and evenness indices were found in the Rubber Forest, while the lowest were in the Stream Side.Â  Species diversity and evenness indices of butterflies of the urban forest can be categorized as low and low to moderate respectively. Key words: abundance, butterfly, Jambi, species, diversity, richness, urbanforest. ABSTRAK.Penelitian mengenai keanekargaman jenis kupu-kupu(Lepidoptera; Rhopalocera) dilakukan di HutanÂ  Kota Muhammad Sabki, dari Bulan Januari s/d Februari 2012. Hutan kota tersebut terdiri dari empatÂ  habitatÂ  yaituÂ  taman,Â  pinggirÂ  kolam,Â  hutanÂ  karet,Â  danÂ  hutanÂ  campuran. PadaÂ  masing-masing habitatÂ  tersebutÂ  dibuatÂ  duaÂ  transek.Â Â Â  PengamatanÂ  dilakukanÂ  untukÂ  mengetaiÂ  jumlahÂ  individuÂ  kupu-kupu padaÂ  masing-masingÂ  transek.Â Â Â  DataÂ  yangÂ  diperolehÂ  dianalisisÂ  menggunakanÂ  Indek Shannon-Wiener, kemerataanÂ  (Evenness), danÂ  Indeks Sorenson. JumlahÂ  individuÂ  kupu-kupuÂ  yangÂ  diperolehÂ  sebanyak 3241Â  jenisÂ  yangÂ  terdiriÂ  dariÂ  43Â  spesies yangÂ  berasalÂ  dariÂ  6 famili (Hesperiidae, Papilionidae, Nymphalidae, Lycaenidae,Â  and Riodinidae).Â  Nymphalidaemerupakan familiÂ  yang paling dominant serta merupakanÂ  familiÂ  yangÂ  memiliki kekayaanÂ  jenisÂ  yangÂ  tertintggiÂ  diÂ  hutanÂ  kotaÂ Â Â  tersebut.Â Â Â  JumlahÂ  spesies yangÂ  palingÂ  tinggiÂ  ditemukanÂ  padaÂ  habitatÂ  hutanÂ  karetÂ  danÂ  pinggirÂ  kolamÂ  (masing-masingÂ  37Â  spesies), selanjutnyaÂ  pada habitat taman (33 spesies) dan hutan campuran (27 spesies).Â  Famili kupu-kupuÂ  yang palingÂ  melimpahÂ  terctatÂ  diÂ  hutanÂ  karet,Â  sedangkanÂ  yangÂ  palingÂ  rendahÂ  diÂ  pinggirÂ  kolam. DuaÂ  spesies yangÂ  secaraÂ  konsistenÂ  ditemukanÂ  padaÂ  semuaÂ  habitatÂ  yaituEuremaÂ  hecabedanMycalesisÂ  janardana, spesiesÂ  yangÂ  keduaÂ  merupakanÂ  jenisÂ  yangÂ  palingÂ  melimpah.Â Â Â  IndekÂ  kemerataanÂ  danÂ  keanekaragaman jenis yang plaing tinggi ditemukan di hutan karet, sedangkanÂ  yang paling rendah pada habitat di pinggir kolam. IndeksÂ  keanekaragamanÂ  danÂ  kemerataanÂ  jenisÂ  kupu-kupuÂ  padaÂ  hutanÂ  kotaÂ  tersebutÂ  masing- masing termasuk dalam kategori rendah dan rendah sampai sedang. Kata kunci :kelimpahan, keanekaragaman, kekayaan, jenis, kupu-kupu,Jambi,hutan kota