bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tanaidacean phylogeny - the second step: the basal paratanaoidean families (Crustacea: Malacostraca)
Authors: Bird Graham , Larsen Kim
Published: July 2023

Phylogenetic relationships between the basal (or less derived) families in the tanaidacean superorder Paratanaoidea are examined and their monophyly tested using evidence derived from external morphology. With the genus Zeuxoides from the superfamily Tanaidoidea as outgroup, monophyly is confi rmed for the Paratanaidae, Pseudotanaidae, Pseudozeuxidae, and Typhlotanaidae. The subfamily Teleotanainae is raised to family status to accommodate the genus Teleotanais. The monophyly of Leptocheliidae s.str. is accepted but several taxa are not included, neither is monophyly verifi ed for Heterotanainae and Leptocheliinae. Nototanaidae appears to be polyphyletic and is split into Nototanaidae s.str. and Tanaissuidae fam. nov. Cryptocopidae is recognized but with exclusion of the Iungentitanainae; otherwise, this family is left for later analysis, including more derived taxa. Protanaissus, Leptochelia, Pseudoleptochelia and Pseudonototanais all appear to be non-monophyletic and will need revisions, while Antiplotanais, Grallatotanais, Metatanais, and Tangalooma are considered ‘fl oating’ taxa, albeit close to existing family-level clades. Initial attempts to include the derived tanaidacean families proved inconclusive and this suggests that limited phylogenetic analyses of the Paratanaoidea are necessary. We here suggest a revised method – the ‘Restricted taxa analysis’ – for resolving diffi cult datasets of the ‘many-taxa-few-characters’ type. This study should be regarded as a platform for more comprehensive analyses and systematic conclusions for the Tanaidacea.
A jumping cockroach from South Africa, Saltoblattella montistabularis, gen. nov., spec. nov. (Blattodea: Blattellidae)
Authors: Bohn Horst , Picker Mike , Klass Klaus , Colville Jonathan
Published: July 2023

A jumping cockroach (Saltoblattella montistabularis) from Table Mountain, Cape Town, South Africa, is described. The new genus is defined, the characteristics of the species are thoroughly described with particular emphasis on unusual morphological adaptations for jumping. These include dramatic elongation of hind femur and tibia and enlargement of hind femur. The femur ventrally has a longitudinal groove for reception of the tibia during extreme fl exure prior to a jump. The euplantulae have unusual surface papillae which may assist landing after a jump. Further modifi cations from the standard cockroach design probably related to jumping locomotion are hemispherically-protruding compound eyes and a second point of articulation for the fi rst antennal segment. The hook of the male phallomeres is on the left, and the female does not rotate the ootheca prior to deposition. The exact position of the genus within the family Blattellidae is not clear; it is preliminarily placed in Blattellinae. The species and its jumping adaptations are compared with another recently discovered, but extinct jumping ‘cockroach’.
Revision and phylogenetic systematics of the Neotropical Ceratomerinae (Insecta: Diptera: Empidoidea: Brachystomatidae)
Authors: Sinclair Bradley
Published: July 2023

Thirteen Neotropical species of Ceratomerus, including nine new species (C. apterus, C. argutus, C. comarapa, C. hibbsi, C. irramus, C. longicornis, C. masneri, C. paraconnexus, C. penai) are described and illustrated. One of these species, C. apterus, from Ecuadorian páramo above 4000 m, lacks wings and has reduced halteres. A preliminary phylogeny of the genera and species groups of the Ceratomerinae is presented, with a discussion of the generic concept of Ceratomerus Philippi. A provisional biogeographic hypothesis of this Gondwanan lineage is discussed. Significant relationships include the Southern Gondwana Pattern, the Inverted Southern Pattern and the Neotropical C. paradoxus group evolved within the Australian C. campbelli group, illustrating both an intra-generic and intercontinental pattern.
First Alaocybites weevil (Insecta: Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) from the Eastern Palaearctic: a new microphthalmic species and generic relationships
Authors: Grebennikov Vasily
Published: July 2023

The genus Alaocybites (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea), previously consisting of two eyeless Californian species, is for the fi rst time reported from the East Palaearctic Region. A new microphthalmic species, A. egorovi sp.n., is described from Primor-sky Kray, the Far East of Russia. An early Late Pliocene Alaskan weevil fossil previously attributed to the molytine genus Otibazo is assigned to Alaocybites and found almost undistinguishable from A. egorovi sp.n. Results of preliminary phylo-genetic analyses aimed to clarify phylogenetic affinities of Alaocybites are found controversial and inconclusive. The uncer-tainties of the contemporary classifi cation of orthocerous weevils are briefl y discussed. Alaocybites is provisionally retained in Raymondionymidae, with the absence of tarsomere IV on each leg being the family's most plausible apomorphy. Mono-phyly, geographical distribution and internal relationships of Raymondionymidae are briefl y discussed and compared with other predominantly Mediterranean groups of eyeless beetles. External and genital morphological characters of edaphic weevils with reduced eyes habitually resembling, or thought to be related to, Alaocybites are extensively illustrated.
Molecular and morphological phylogeny of European Udea moths (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea)
Authors: Mally Richard , Nuss Matthias
Published: July 2023

Udea Guenée, 1845, comprising more than 200 species, predominantly occurs in temperate Eurasia and the New World, with few representatives on the southern continents of the Old World. We present a fi rst phylogenetic analysis for the genus, mainly based on European species. We applied Bayesian and Maximum Parsimony approaches to a combined dataset of coxI (1,415 bp) and wingless (363 bp) sequences as well as morphological characters. The analysis of the concatenated dataset partitions with Bayesian inference yielded a hypothetical tree with 26 well supported (posterior probability ≥ 0.95) monophyla. A clade including the genera Deana, Mnesictena and Udeoides from the southern continents of the Old World is found as sister group to Udea. European Udea species do not form a monophyletic group in itself. There are four monophyla found within European Udea, the ferrugalis, itysalis, alpinalis, and numeralis species groups. These are well supported by molecular and morphological data. According to morphology, all four species groups have representatives also in other parts of the Holarctic region. Our data support the hypothesis that all Udea species endemic to oceanic islands in the Atlantic and Pacifi c belong to the ferrugalis group and all those endemic to the European Alps to the alpinalis group. Our data imply that the ancestors of two island species (Udea azorensis, U. delineatalis) have colonised the respective islands via ocean surface currents. Altogether, we are able to place 54 of the 213 described Udea species into species groups.
An extreme case of epitoky in an Australian Collembolon: Isotopenola perterrens sp.n. (Hexapoda: Collembola: Isotomidae)
Authors: Greenslade Penelope , Potapov Mikhail
Published: July 2023

Isotopenola perterrens sp.n. is described from a 40 year old Eucalyptus plantation in Victoria, Australia, and its occurrence in an adjacent site of remnant native vegetation is reported. Fully adult males are armed with numerous strong spine-like macrochaetae on lateral parts of head and body tergites and with fields of long bristles on latero-ventral and ventral areas of abdomen. Antennae of epitokous males are of normal shape but bear thickened chaetae. This is the second and most extreme case of epitoky recorded in the genus. The occurrence of sexual dimorphism, of which epitoky is a subset, is summarised for Australian Collembola. Environmental factors that appear to facilitate successful recolonisation of native fauna onto revegetated sites in Australia are proposed.
Review of the Neotropical Ciidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) in the Cis taurus species-group
Authors: Oliveira Ester , Lopes-Andrade Cristiano , Lawrence John
Published: July 2023

The described Neotropical species of Cis Latreille, 1796 belonging to the taurus group are revised here. We designate lectotypes for the following names: Malacocis bahiensis Pic, 1916, Macrocis bison Reitter, 1878, Macrocis diabolicus Reitter, 1878, Macrocis grandicornis Pic, 1917, Macrocis rufescens Pic, 1922, Macrocis testaceimembris Pic, 1916, Macrocis testaceus Pic, 1916 and Trichapus pubescens Friedenreich, 1881. We transfer T. pubescens to Cis and include it in the taurus species-group, synonymize Trichapus Friedenreich, 1881 with Cis and transfer T. glaber Friedenreich, 1881 to Porculus Lawrence, 1987. We include C. longipilis Pic, 1930 in the taurus group and propose Macrocis bison as a junior synonym of C. diabolicus (Reitter, 1878). We redescribe eight Neotropical species: C. bahiensis (Pic, 1916), C. diabolicus (Reitter, 1878), C. grandicornis (Pic, 1917), C. kawanabei Lopes-Andrade, 2002, C. pubescens (Friedenreich, 1881) new combination, C. rufescens (Pic, 1922), C. setifer (Gorham, 1883) and C. testaceimembris (Pic, 1916). We also provide information on their geographic distribution and host fungi. This work solves the major taxonomic problems with the described taurus group species and also provides detailed morphological information on them, including that of male abdominal terminalia, allowing accurate identification of these species.
Peripatric origin of the only cave-restricted stonefly species known (Insecta: Plecoptera)
Authors: Ruiz-Ruano Francisco , Camacho Juan Pedro M. , Cabrero Josefa , López-Rodríguez Manuel , Tierno de Figueroa J. Manuel
Published: July 2023

Cave animals have evolved specialised morphological and behavioural adaptations to a dark and stable environment. When their ancestors were surface species living in continental climates, and thus adapted to annual changes from extreme cold to extreme warm periods; it is highly intriguing how adaptation to cave stable temperature took place. The phylogenetic history of the cave animal can thus help to understand the kind of adaptation process undergone in such a different environment. Here we perform a mitochondrial DNA-based phylogeny for the only Palearctic cave-restricted plecopteran species (Protonemura gevi), whose geographic range is limited to a single cave in the south of the Iberian Peninsula, also including four other Iberian and Moroccan Protonemura species and two other species from different genera as outgroup taxa. Our results indicate that P. gevi shows a genetic distance with P. culmenis being an order of magnitude lower than those with the remaining Protonemura species. Using a relaxed molecular clock, phylogeny dating suggests that their common ancestor probably lived 1.4 million years ago, i.e. during Pleistocene. P. culmenis currently lives in the Pyrenees, so that it is conceivable that this species (or the common ancestor of both) migrated to a southern refuge during one of Pleistocene glaciations, and a few individuals remained isolated within the Siles cave managing to live in such new and different environmental conditions. We thus conclude that the peripatric origin of P. gevi was associated with Pleistocene glaciations, and that its adaptation to cave conditions was quite rapid.
Subtribal classification of Metriorrhynchini (Insecta: Coleoptera: Lycidae): an integrative approach using molecular phylogeny and morphology of adults and larvae
Authors: Sklenarova Katerina , Kubecek Vaclav , Bocak Ladislav
Published: July 2023

The classification of Metriorrhynchini, the most diverse lineage of net-winged beetles (Lycidae) containing ~ 1400 species, is revised on the basis of three-marker molecular phylogeny of 175 ingroup taxa, and the adult and larval morphology. The study uses the molecular phylogeny for identification of major lineages and critically considers morphology when adult morphology and sparse information of immature stages alone did not provide enough information for building a robust classification. Reconstruction of the ancestral states of morphological characters on the phylogenetic tree recovered from DNA data presents evidence for multiple origins of the four-costae pattern on the elytra, shortened elytral costa 1, patterns of pronotal areolae and flabellate antennae. As a consequence, revised morphological delineations of the subtribes and genera are proposed: three major lineages are defined as Metriorrhynchina Kleine, 1926, Metanoeina subtrib. nov. and Cautirina subtrib. nov. The subtribes Trichalina Kleine, 1928 and Hemiconderina Bocak & Bocakova, 1990 are synonymized with Metriorrhynchina Kleine, 1926. Metanoeina are studied in detail and three genera are placed in the subtribe: Metanoeus Waterhouse, 1879, Xylometanoeus gen. nov., and Matsudanoeus gen. nov., with Xylometanoeus japonicus (Bourgeois, 1902) comb. nov. and Matsudanoeus yuasai (Nakane, 1969), comb. nov. as type species, respectively. Xylobanus basivittatus Nakane, 1970 is transferred to Xylometanoeus. The concepts of genera Cautires and Xylobanus are based on male and female genitalia. Additionally, the molecular hypothesis is supported by morphology of larvae, when newly proposed Cautirina are characterized by entire tergites in contrast to the longitudinally divided mesoand metathoracic tergites of Metanoeina and Metriorrhynchina. Larval characters support the placement of Xylometanoeus in Metanoeina and the close relationships of Matsudanoeus and Metanoeus. The simultaneous consideration of DNA-based phylogeny and morphology of adults and larvae rejects taxa based on diagnostically usable but strongly homoplastic characters and provides a framework for a robust classification of Metriorrhynchini.
Giant females vs dwarfish males of the genus Stomaphis Walker (Hemiptera: Aphididae) - an aphid example of the ongoing course to permanent parthenogenesis?
Authors: Depa Łukasz , Kanturski Mariusz , Junkiert Łukasz , Wieczorek Karina
Published: July 2023

The aim of the study is a review of the sexual generation of European species of the aphid genus Stomaphis Walker. Oviparous females and males of S. (Parastomaphis) longirostris and S. (Stomaphis) radicicola are described and figured in detail. Poorly known sexuales of S. (S.) bratislavensis, S. (S.) quercus, S. (S.) wojciechowskii, S. (P.) graffii, and S. (P.) juglandis are redescribed and figured in detail. Biometric data for the oviparous females and males are reported and keys for the sexual generation of the studied species are provided. On the basis of the morphological characters of the sexuales, supported by biological data, the taxonomic status of the subgenus Parastomaphis Pašek, 1953 stat. rev. is discussed. Aberrations of male morphology are presented, with reference to the general phenomenon of male morphology deterioration in the genus Stomaphis. The discussion also refers to the mating behavior and general evolutionary factors influencing the development of male dwarfism in Stomaphis.
Two new parasitoid wasp species of the Australasian genus Orussobaius (Hymenoptera: Orussidae)
Authors: Blank Stephan , Vilhelmsen Lars
Published: July 2023

Two new species of the rarely collected Australasian parasitoid wasp genus Orussobaius Benson, 1938 are described and considered in a phylogenetic context. Orussobaius nielspederi Blank & Vilhelmsen, n.sp. from Yamdena, Tanimbar Islands is characterized by extensive metallic sheen on the dorsal part of the abdomen in the females. Orussobaius bicolor Vilhelmsen & Blank, n.sp. from Queensland, Australia has distinct contrasting body colouration, with head, thorax and abdominal tergum 1 black and the remainder of the abdomen reddish brown; the fore wings are hyaline. The two new species have been included in a data set for the rest of the Orussidae. Regardless of the analytical settings, the topology for Orussobaius retrieved is always (O. caligneus + O. mesembrinus) + (O. bicolor + (O. minutus + O. wilsoni + (O. badius + O. minutissimus) + (O. nielspederi + O. paniculus))). O. nielspederi is the third species of Orussobaius that has been recorded outside mainland Australia, where seven out of the nine known species in the genus have been found. Apparently, the genus has not been able to disperse outside the land masses connected by the Sahul Shelf as it has not been recorded outside the Australasian Region.
The genus Ocyptamus Macquart (Diptera: Syrphidae): A molecular phylogenetic analysis
Authors: Miranda Gil Felipe , Skevington Jeffrey , Marshall Stephen , Kelso Scott
Published: July 2023

With nearly 300 described species, Ocyptamus Macquart, 1834 is the second most speciose genus of Syrphidae in the New World, and the most diverse genus of Syrphinae. Ocyptamus as a whole was last revised in the late 1940’s, with many new species described after that. The genus is here placed under phylogenetic scrutiny using molecular characters from regions of the mitochondrial 12S, COI and CytB genes, and the nuclear AATS, CAD and 28S genes. Ocyptamus is shown to be paraphyletic with regard to Eosalpingogaster Hull, 1949 and Toxomerus Macquart, 1855. Several infra-generic taxa are supported as monophyletic and new arrangements are proposed. The relationships established in this paper indicate that there is a need for changes to the generic classification of the group.
Subterranean species of Anemadus Reitter: systematics, phylogeny and evolution of the Chinese "Anemadus smetanai" species group (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Cholevinae: Anemadini)
Authors: Růžička Jan , Perreau Michel
Published: July 2023

The “Anemadus smetanai ” species group (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Cholevinae: Anemadini) is revised. The species group is redefined, including Anemadus smetanai Růžička, 1999, A. kabaki Perreau, 2009 from China: Sichuan province and five new species: A. grebennikovi sp.n. (Yunnan province: Jizu Shan Mts.), A. haba sp.n. (Yunnan province: Haba Xue Shan Mt.), A. hajeki sp.n. (Yunnan province: Cang Shan Mt., Yulong Xue Shan Mts.), A. imurai sp.n. (Sichuan province: Mt. Mianya Shan) and A. tangi sp.n. (Xizang autonomous region: Linzhi county). The species of this group show gradual morphological modifications linked to their endogean life. The conditions of this subterranean evolution and the link with high altitudinal biotopes are discussed. A phylogenetic analysis based on morphological characters is presented. A key for identification of species is provided and the geographical distributions of the seven species are mapped. A new synapomorphy (female genital annulus) is presented. It may provide a significant tool to understand the phylogeny of the Anemadini.
Cytogenetic comparison between Terrobittacus implicatus and Bittacus planus (Mecoptera: Bittacidae) with some phylogenetic implications
Authors: Domínguez M. , Roig-Juñent Sergio
Published: July 2023

The species of genus Euryomma is revised, and 16 valid species are recognized. Redescriptions for all species are provided, except for six species recently described from Colombia and Costa Rica for which only differential diagnoses are provided. Illustrations of the male genitalia have been added to Stein’s descriptions of E. rufifrons, E. longicorne and E. nigrifemur. The following synonyms are proposed: Euryomma erythrogaster Séguy = E. longicorne Stein; Euryomma tahami Grisales, Wolff & Carvalho = E. carioca Albuquerque; Euryomma cornuatum Grisales, Wolff & Carvalho = E. nigrifemur Stein; Euryomma steini Grisales & Carvalho = E. palpingens Wendt. New distribution records are added and maps showing the known distribution of each species are provided, except for the cosmopolitan E. peregrinum. An identification key to the species of Euryomma is also provided. We propose the first phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus Euryomma based on a cladistic analysis using characters from male adult external morphology and male and female terminalia. A cladistic analysis performed using implied weighting shows the genus as a monophyletic group, but relationships among species show little support.
Connecting the dots: Spots and bands on the wings of Lichenaula Meyrick, 1890 (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea: Xyloryctidae) share a uniform relationship with wing venation
Authors: Schachat Sandra R.
Published: July 2023

Recent studies have shown that wing pattern in various lineages of microlepidoptera follows one of two predictive models. In the first, called the “alternating wing-margin” model, dark and light pattern elements straddle alternating veins along the costal margin of the wing. In the second, called the “uniform wing-margin” model, pattern elements of a single color straddle all veins along the costa. However, of the dozens of families and superfamilies of moths, a small minority have been studied in this context. In the present contribution, the relationship between wing pattern and wing venation is examined in Lichenaula Meyrick, 1890 (Gelechioidea: Xyloryctidae). Species of Lichenaula have wing pattern elements ranging from spots to bands to mottled textures, and they all conform to the uniform wing-margin model. No plausible support was found for the alternating wing-margin model. In previous studies, the relationship between pattern and venation along the dorsal wing margin has remained unclear due to loss of wing veins and confluence of pattern elements, but certain species of Lichenaula, especially L. maculosa (Turner, 1898), provide evidence that the uniform wing-margin model holds for the dorsum as well as the costa. Previous studies have found that ancestral wing veins continue to influence the development of wing patterns that follow the alternating wing-margin model, even if not expressed in the adult wing, but the wing patterns of Lichenaula suggest that this is not the case for the uniform wing-margin model. Instead, it appears that the only veins that determine the development of wing pattern in Lichenaula are those that are expressed in the adult wing. Considered in preliminary phylogenetic context, it appears that multiple transitions have occurred between the ancestral alternating wing-margin model and the more derived uniform wing-margin model.
A revision of the wolf spider genus Diapontia Keyserling, and the relationships of the subfamily Sosippinae (Araneae: Lycosidae)
Authors: Piacentini Luis Norberto , Scioscia Cristina , Carbajal Mirta , Ott Ricardo , Brescovit Antonio , Ramírez Martín
Published: July 2023

The South American genus Diapontia is revised to include nine species: Diapontia uruguayensis Keyserling, 1877 ( = Diapontia senescens Mello-Leitão, 1944 syn.n.; D. infausta Mello-Leitão, 1941 syn.n.; D. pourtaleensis Mello-Leitão, 1944 syn.n.; D. albopunctata Mello-Leitão, 1941 syn.n.) from northern Paraguay, southeastern Brazil, southern Uruguay, southern to northeastern Argentina and southern Chile; D. niveovittata Mello-Leitão, 1945 from southern Paraguay, north-central Argentina and southern Brazil; D. anfibia (Zapfe-Mann, 1979) comb.n. ( = Lycosa artigasi Casanueva, 1980 syn.n.) from central and southern Chile and southwestern Argentina, transferred from Pardosa C.L. Koch, 1847; D. securifera (Tullgren, 1905) comb.n. from northern Chile and northwestern Argentina, transferred from Orinocosa Chamberlin, 1916; D. arapensis (Strand, 1908) comb.n., from Peru, transferred from Hippasella Mello-Leitão, 1944; D. calama sp.n. from northern Chile; D. songotal sp.n. from southern Bolivia; D. chamberlini sp.n. from central and southern Peru; and D. oxapampa sp.n. from northern Peru. The sister-group relationship between Diapontia and Hippasella, and their placement in the subfamily Sosippinae, were supported by phylogenetic analyses based on four molecular markers (28S, 12S, NADH1 and COI), using Bayesian inference and maximum-likelihood. We tested whether DNA barcoding techniques were able to corroborate the identity of four Diapontia species. Diapontia securifera and D. anfibia were successfully identified using COI; however, D. niveovittata and D. uruguayensis were found to share identical haplotypes and thus could not be discriminated.
Eureka: discovery of male Turgiditarsus Schillhammer reveals its placement in Acylophorina and resolves phylogenetic relationships within the subtribe (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae)
Authors: Schillhammer Harald , Brunke Adam
Published: July 2023

Turgiditarsus Schillhammer comprises some of the most bizarre and rarely encountered rove beetles in the subfamily Staphylininae. The genus is presently known from only 4 female specimens comprising three species in the eastern Oriental region. Its previous placement in Anisolinina was based primarily on superficial similarity, much before recent advances in the systematics of tribe Staphylinini. Total evidence phylogenetic analysis of a broad taxon sample within Staphylinini, including the first male specimen of Turgiditarsus, revealed that the genus should be placed in the morphologically diverse and relictual Acylophorina, a subtribe with one of the oldest crown group ages in the latest Early Cretaceous. Turgiditarsus is redescribed and two new species, T. eureka Schillhammer and Brunke sp.n. and T. vietnamensis Schillhammer and Brunke sp.n., are described, bringing the total number to five. Amacylophorus Smetana stat.n., a subgenus of Acylophorus Gravenhorst, is raised to genus rank and redescribed, with the following new combination: Amacylophorus pratensis (LeConte) comb.n. Stevensia Cameron and its single species, recently moved to this subtribe, are redescribed. All genera of Acylophorina are diagnosed and included in a novel world key. A species level key is updated for Turgiditarsus. Further systematic work within diverse Acylophorus is needed to re-assess the status of Acylohsellus, Paratolmerus and the remaining subgenera of Acylophorus.
Integrating morphology and DNA barcodes for species delimitation within the species complex Xenylla maritima (Collembola: Hypogastruridae)
Authors: Skarżyński Dariusz , Piwnik Agata , Porco David
Published: July 2023

The species complex Xenylla maritima is examined using morphological and molecular characters. These independent datasets allowed for the identification of species which previously were overlooked and the review of the taxonomic status of nine forms in the maritima species group. Six are here recognized as distinct species and three as synonyms: X. maritima (= X. maritima meridionalis, X. nova-zealandia), X. asiatica comb.n. (= X. maritima asiatica), X. nitida bona species (= X. brevisimilis), X. szeptyckii sp.n., X. pomorskii sp.n. and X. mediterranea.
New molecular markers resolve the phylogenetic position of the enigmatic wood-boring weevils Platypodinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Mugu Sigrid , Pistone Dario , Jordal Bjarte
Published: July 2023

The precise phylogenetic position of the weevil subfamily Platypodinae continues to be one of the more contentious issues in weevil systematics. Morphological features of adult beetles and similar ecological adaptations point towards a close relationship with the wood boring Scolytinae, while some recent molecular studies and larval morphology have indicated a closer relationship to Dryophthorinae. To test these opposing hypotheses, a molecular phylogeny was reconstructed using 5,966 nucleotides from ten gene fragments. Five of these genes are used for the first time to explore beetle phylogeny, i.e. the nuclear protein coding genes PABP1, UBA5, Arr2, TPI, and Iap2, while five markers have been used in earlier studies (28S, COI, CAD, ArgK, and EF-1α). Bayesian, maximum likelihood and parsimony analyses of the combined data strongly support a monophyletic Curculionidae (the advanced weevils with geniculate antennae), where Brachycerinae, Platypodinae, and Dryophthorinae formed the earliest diverging groups. Dryophthorinae and core Platypodinae were sister groups with high support, with the contentious genera Mecopelmus Blackman, 1944 and Coptonotus Chapuis, 1873 placed elsewhere. Other lineages of wood boring weevils such as Scolytinae, Cossoninae, and Conoderinae were part of a derived, but less resolved, clade forming the sister group to Entiminae. Resolution among major curculionid subfamilies was ambiguous, emphasizing the need for large volumes of data to further improve resolution in this most diverse section of the weevil tree.
Integrative taxonomy of genus Electrogena (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae): the role of innovative morphological analyses for species delimitation
Authors: Polášek Marek , Godunko Roman J. , Rutschmann Sereina , Svitok Marek , Novikmec Milan , Zahrádková Světlana
Published: July 2023

The easy, fast and correct identification of species is a crucial aspect of biology and its applications, such as biomonitoring and nature conservation. One of the groups that are common but not easily to identify are mayflies at the larval stage. In recent years, many attempts to species identification using modern and non-traditional methods have been made. Two different approaches are used in most cases: i) DNA taxonomy and ii) modern image processing and classification. In this study, we combined both to describe the intrageneric genetical and morphological variability of the Central European representatives of the genus Electrogena Zurwerra & Tomka, 1985 – one of several mayfly groups with unclear taxonomy. We compared the classical morphometric method for Electrogena species identification with non-traditional Fourier shape descriptor analysis. In particular, we used Linear Discriminant Analysis and Fourier analysis to distinguish among operational taxonomic units defined by generalised mixed Yule-coalescent (GMYC) approach based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) barcoding gene. Our results demonstrate that the use of modern morphometric methods can significantly improve the proportion of correctly identified individuals to species level. Moreover, the Fourier shape descriptor based analysis revealed with a remarkably low error rate the geographically separated sub-species within the genus Electrogena. Our findings show the possibility of computer-aided mayfly (and possibly other insect orders) taxa identification based on selected body part shapes. These approaches might significantly improve routine invertebrate identification and comparability of identification results across different countries and/or among research teams. Better identification can in turn lead to higher robustness of metacommunity studies, ecological status assessment and other science and practice targeted studies based on invertebrate sampling and identification.
From molecular hypotheses to valid species: description of three endemic species of Baetis (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from the Canary Islands
Authors: Gattolliat Jean-Luc , Rutschmann Sereina , Monaghan Michael , Sartori Michel
Published: July 2023

Baetis (Rhodobaetis) canariensis s.l. was considered to be the most common species of mayfly (Ephemeroptera) in running waters of the Canary Islands. Recent studies using mitochondrial genetic markers suggested that what was considered a single species was in fact composed of four closely related, but distinct species. Here we present the results of comprehensive morphological analysis of specimens from Tenerife, Gran Canaria, La Palma, and La Gomera that confirms the validity of the four species based on small but consistent differences in some characters. Three of these are new species and are described herein at the larval stage. Each of the four species appears to be restricted to a single island. The loss of freshwater habitats on the islands has led to a drastically diminished distribution and these species are largely restricted to protected areas in national parks. All four species must be considered endangered and are very sensitive sentinels of the state of conservation of running waters.
Repository for academic documents, algorithms and data: A utility in an educational context
Authors: Jaramillo Ivan , Brito Geovanny , Pachay Anthony , Carvajal Duval
Published: July 2023

Data repositories currently constitute essential programs within institutions. In fact, universities are the primary institutions that promote the creation, management and storage for the safekeeping of a variety of documents, data and/or projects. This work is carried out within the framework of institutional need and the application of knowledge by the students and professors in the software degree program at a university in Ecuador. This project centers on a web application that makes it possible to manage, upload and download resources. This initial version focuses on the resources related to academic projects, data sets and algorithms. The scalability characteristics have been carefully introduced to ensure a progressive evolution of other types of resources and functionalities, in accordance with educational needs. Several aspects of the web interfaces are based on the characteristics of other existing repositories, and a series of tests related to functionality have been conducted in order to move beyond the introductory stage of use, to begin with, by the university community. This project is carried out according to a conception based on contributions, in which the agents, in principle, are members of the institution. The intensive and collaborative use of this utility will contribute to the growth of a data culture within the institution. Furthermore, the collection and organization of data for the purposes of study and research by the different university degree programs makes it possible to analyze and contrast them from different perspectives.
The effect of assessment procedures in the development of competences during initial teacher education: A systematic review
Authors: Aparicio José Luis , Navarro-Asencio Enrique
Published: July 2023

Competence assessment has been one of the most crucial aspects in initial teacher training in the context of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA). It has implied a change in teachers’ approaches to teaching and learning and is based on different assessment procedures for their training. In order to discover the effect of the assessment procedures applied to the training of competences in teachers, the present study examines research along these lines and in this context published between 2010 and 2021 in international high-impact journals. A total of 1,772 articles have been reviewed, 17 of which were included after the application of the inclusion criteria established according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) Statement. The results demonstrate the use of assessment procedures based on applied means, strategies and tools in order to train pre-service teachers in cross-cutting teaching competences. However, in the majority of the studies analysed, the effectiveness of these procedures is empirically based on the self-perception of those involved and not so much on experimental studies. We advocate the latter due to their value in terms of cause and effect.
Inverse problem to elaborate and control the spread of COVID-19: A case study from Morocco
Authors: Karim Marouane , Kouidere Abdelfatah , Rachik Mostafa , Shah Kamal , Abdeljawad Thabet
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we focus on identifying the transmission rate associated with a COVID-19 mathematical model by using a predefined prevalence function. To do so, we use a Python code to extract the Lagrange interpolation polynomial from real daily data corresponding to an appropriate period in Morocco. The existence of a perfect control scheme is demonstrated. The Pontryagin maximum technique is used to explain these optimal controls. The optimality system is numerically solved using the 4th-order Runge-Kutta approximation.
A Theory of Simplicity in Games and Mechanism Design
Authors: Pycia Marek , Troyan Peter
Published: July 2023

We study extensive‐form games and mechanisms allowing agents that plan for only a subset of future decisions they may be called to make (the
planning horizon). Agents may update their so‐called
strategic plan as the game progresses and new decision points enter their planning horizon. We introduce a family of
simplicity standards which require that the prescribed action leads to unambiguously better outcomes, no matter what happens outside the planning horizon. We employ these standards to explore the trade‐off between simplicity and other objectives, to characterize simple mechanisms in a wide range of economic environments, and to delineate the simplicity of common mechanisms such as posted prices and ascending auctions, with the former being simpler than the latter.
General Equilibrium Effects of (Improving) Public Employment Programs: Experimental Evidence From India
Authors: Muralidharan Karthik , Niehaus Paul , Sukhtankar Sandip
Published: July 2023

Public employment programs may affect poverty both directly through the income they provide and indirectly through general equilibrium effects. We estimate both effects, exploiting a reform that improved the implementation of India's National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS) and whose rollout was randomized at a large (sub‐district) scale. The reform raised beneficiary households' earnings by 14%, and reduced poverty by 26%. Importantly, 86% of income gains came from non‐program earnings, driven by higher private‐sector (real) wages and employment. This pattern appears to reflect imperfectly competitive labor markets more than productivity gains: worker's reservation wages increased, land returns fell, and employment gains were higher in villages with more concentrated landholdings. Non‐agricultural enterprise counts and employment grew rapidly despite higher wages, consistent with a role for local demand in structural transformation. These results suggest that public employment programs can effectively reduce poverty in developing countries, and may also improve economic efficiency.
Testing Hurwicz Expected Utility
Authors: Bleichrodt Han , Grant Simon , Yang Jingni
Published: July 2023

Gul and Pesendorfer (2015) propose a promising theory of decision under uncertainty, they dub Hurwicz expected utility (HEU). HEU is a special case of
α‐maxmin EU that allows for preferences over sources of uncertainty. It is consistent with most of the available empirical evidence on decision under risk and uncertainty. We show that HEU is also tractable and can readily be measured and tested. We do this by deriving a new two‐parameter functional form for the probability weighting function, which fits our data well and which offers a clean separation between ambiguity perception and ambiguity aversion. In two experiments, we find support for HEU's predictions that ambiguity aversion is constant across sources of uncertainty and that ambiguity aversion and first order risk aversion are positively correlated.
Philological and historical notes on the introduction of a letter sent by the emperor Honorius to the army (Epistula Honorii)
Authors: Setién García Carla
Published: July 2023

A tenth-century manuscript, composed in the Kingdom of Pamplona’s courtly circle, transmits a letter by the emperor Honorius to the troops stationed in the city of Pamplona. The brief introduction that precedes the letter features information crucial to the understanding and interpretation of the rest of the text. This article seeks to reevaluate existing scholarship on its content, firstly, by analysing the function of the whole text within the manuscript’s conception and tradition and, secondly, by looking at other Late Antique and Early Medieval sources, to try to recontextualise the prefatory text. My main argument is that an anonymous author from the Kingdom of Pamplona wrote it, or the compilers of the code modified it to suit their own interests.
Tecnología del marfil: herramientas, técnicas y modos de producción en la Edad del Cobre de la península ibérica. Valencina de la Concepción (Sevilla) como caso de estudio
Authors: Luciañez-Triviño Miriam
Published: July 2023

El uso del marfil en el Mediterráneo se remonta al Paleolítico, con un importante desarrollo durante la Edad del Cobre en el sur de Europa. Este artículo profundiza en la forma de explotación de los colmillos de elefante y en el proceso de fabricación de objetos de marfil durante la Edad del Cobre en la península ibérica. Se utiliza como muestra de estudio el mega-sitio de Valencina, en el sur de España, por la abundante y variada colección de marfiles que ha proporcionado. Este estudio examina en profundidad las dimensiones tecnológicas, morfológicas y contextuales del marfil de la Edad del Cobre. Como resultado, se observa una explotación estandarizada, orientada a la fabricación de soportes específicos, basada en el conocimiento y uso de las distintas partes del colmillo (huecas y compactas) de manera diferencial y muy específica. La principal forma de explotación es la longitudinal, es decir, la producción de placas, que permitía un mayor rendimiento de la materia prima. Además, este estudio ha revelado el único caso hasta ahora en la península ibérica de un procedimiento de aserrado por abrasión, y no con sierra (sciage au fil sablé), ampliando nuestro conocimiento sobre la artesanía de las sociedades prehistóricas.
Letramento acadêmico: perspectivas teóricas e práticas em uma disciplina de leitura e produção textual
Authors: Silva Bárbara Amaral da , Franco Ana Paula Cordeiro Lacerda , Castro Marcelo de , Coelho Shirlene Ferreira
Published: July 2023

Ancorados nos Novos Estudos do Letramento e, ainda, a partir de uma pesquisa etnográfica, Lea e Street (2014) estabeleceram três modelos que permitem o estudo das práticas de leitura e de escrita na universidade: i) o das habilidades, ii) o da socialização e iii) o do letramento acadêmico como prática social. Considerando essa proposta, o objetivo desta investigação é identificar e analisar se e como essas três perspectivas sobre o letramento acadêmico aparecem no escopo da disciplina Oficina de Língua Portuguesa: Leitura e Produção de Textos (OLP), ofertada a distância e semestralmente, há mais de uma década, na UFMG (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais). Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa (Paiva, 2019), motivado por experiência profissional como tutores da OLP. Com base na ementa da disciplina, dos materiais instrutivos e informativos, dos recursos disponibilizados e das tarefas solicitadas, constatamos que os dois primeiros modelos citados embasam a OLP. No que se refere às habilidades, os aspectos linguísticos, como os gramaticais, são explorados de modo individual, com base nas demandas explicitadas pelos graduandos nos textos produzidos. Isso, no entanto, não acontece sem contextualização, mas, sim, em articulação à socialização acadêmica e à língua em uso, visto que os textos lidos e escritos são sempre explorados enquanto enunciados inscritos em gêneros discursivos (Bakhtin, 1997). Por sua vez, o terceiro modelo, que sobressalta a construção dos significados pelos sujeitos e as relações de poder e identidade inerentes à esfera universitária, é pouco adotado, principalmente ao se considerar que a OLP engloba um número grande de estudantes por semestre. Tal fato é um desafio, porque homogeneíza as práticas letradas e as restringe à própria disciplina na expectativa de que o aluno consiga, posteriormente, (re)produzi-las e (re)adequá-las aos contextos sociais mais específicos dos quais participa na universidade.
O funcionamento do equívoco no discurso literário: literal e(é) metafórico no conto ‘O homem podre’ de Natália Borges Polesso
Authors: Brum Janaina Cardoso
Published: July 2023

Neste artigo, filiadas à Análise do Discurso fundada por Michel Pêcheux, propomo-nos a analisar o conto ‘O homem podre’, de Natália Borges Polesso (2018), escritora brasileira contemporânea, pensando o discurso literário como o lugar em que a lógica binária que rege o ‘mundo semanticamente normal’ é suspensa e dá espaço para o equívoco, o absurdo e o non-sens. Para tanto, articulamos aos pressupostos teóricos da AD o conceito de revolução estética, tal como pensado por Jacques Rancière, a fim de configurar o que chamamos de Formação Discursiva Estética (FDE), região do interdiscurso cujos saberes prototípicos giram em torno do desmonte da ilusão de transparência e unidade. O processo pendular entre teoria e corpus próprio aos procedimentos analíticos da teoria do discurso mostrou que, no conto em análise, o efeito de questionamento das evidências está relacionado ao jogo equívoco entre a ilusão de literalidade, o metafórico e o metonímico. No texto, o literal insurge-se no lugar em que comumente o metafórico é esperado, de forma a implodir as barreiras entre o que seria o sentido ‘legítimo’ de uma dada palavra ou enunciado e o sentido tomado no senso comum como marginal. Esse procedimento estético flagra o real da língua, sempre dissimulado em outras formações discursivas, o que se desdobra em uma potência transgressora própria do artístico e do literário.
Handling Composites at Aircraft Accident Sites: An Evaluation of the Fracture Features in Burnt CFRP after the Application of a Fixant Solution
Authors: Zimmermann Natalie , Wang Peng Hao , Pullen Keegan
Published: July 2023

Aircraft accident investigations are paramount for the continuous improvement of aviation safety. As such, maximizing the amount of evidence that can be gathered from an accident site is critical. However, with composites being increasingly used for the construction of airframes, additional challenges are introduced into the handling of debris. Specifically, composites under combustion are known to release potentially noxious fibers and gases, posing a threat to individuals in the surrounding area. In response thereto, so-called fixant solutions (also referred to as hold-down solutions) can be used to minimize the release of inhalable fibers. Nonetheless, researchers have highlighted the risk for these solutions to interfere with the accident investigation process by masking, altering or even destroying fractographic features needed to determine the source or sequence of composite failures. Consequently, literature calls for more research focused on characterizing the influence of fixant solutions on the failure analysis of aeronautical composites. In this study, the impact of one form of fixant solution – namely, wetted water (i.e., water with a surfactant) – is evaluated. A [(0/90)]8 woven carbon fiber/epoxy composite sample is damaged in tension (representing an aircraft accident-causing failure), burnt (simulating an accident site fire) and doused in a wetted water fixant solution. The fracture surface is subsequently evaluated via a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the condition of fractographic features relevant to the failure analysis is qualitatively evaluated. Through the findings of the study, a better understanding of the impact of a fixant solution on the failure analysis conducted during an aircraft accident investigation can be obtained. Moreover, the results can be used to develop protocols related to the handling of burning composites aiming to maximize both, the safety of individuals involved as well as the evidence needed to conduct a thorough investigation into the causal factors of an accident.