bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
USE OF ALCOHOL ADDITIVES FOR ECOLOGICAL GASOLINE PRODUCTION
Authors: Yefymenko Valerii , Rudenko Vira , Titova Olha , Kosenko Olena , Kravchuk Tetiana
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this article is to perform research to improve the stability, quality and efficiency of gasoline-alcohol fuel compositions, as well as obtaining high-octane gasolines corresponding to the modern standards with the addition of alcohols and their mixtures to these gasolines. Research methods: The article considers physicochemical methods for studying the stratification of alcohol-gasoline mixtures, determining the water content in them, as well as determining the octane number of alcohol-gasoline compositions. Results: The raw material base and possibilities of bioethanol production in Ukraine as an ecological additive to gasoline and as a way to increase their octane number were studied. Stratification temperatures of alcohol-gasoline mixtures and octane numbers of A-92 gasoline with different alcohol content were determined. Discussion: It is proposed to use higher concentrations of ethanol (bioethanol) in gasoline mixtures more than 40% of alcohol, because it does not require dehydration. It is proposed to use an additional fuel pump, which would work only for mixing the fuel mixture, to prevent stratification of the fuel-ethanol composition during its long-term storage in the car’s tanks.
Comparison between Optical Coherence Tomography and Fundus Fluorescein Angiography in the Detection of Cystoid Macular Oedema in a Tertiary Eye Care Centre in Nagpur, Maharashtra
Authors: Dhabarde Kavita Anand , Painjane Karuna Radhakishan , Madan Ashok Hukumchand
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND Fundus fluorescin angiography (FFA) has been traditional gold standard for detection of cystoid macular oedema (CME) but nowadays optical coherence tomography (OCT) is used more often by to detect CME due to various conditions. Although FFA can assess CME qualitatively, OCT provides quantitative measurement of foveal thickness. The purpose of this study is to compare sensitivity of FFA and OCT for detection of CME and know the etiological distribution of CME and the ability of FFA and OCT in diagnosing CME in different aetiologies. METHODS A hospital based prospective observational diagnostic study was conducted in tertiary eye care centre in central India on 143 eyes of 103 patients. FFA and OCT findings in patients of CME diagnosed provisionally on fundus examination were studied. RESULTS Of total 103 patients studied, maximum patients 20 (19.42 %) were in age group of 55 - 59 years whereas minimum 6 (5.83 %) were in age group of 40 - 44 years. In 103 patients, 61 (59.22 %) were males and 42 (40.78 %) were females. Both eyes were involved in 41 (40.78 %) cases. Most common cause of CME was nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) 52 eyes (35.86 %), followed by branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) 32 eyes (22.06 %), then proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) 14 eyes (9.6 %), central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) 13 eyes (8.96 %). CME on OCT was seen in maximum of retinal vein occlusion patients - CRVO (84.61 %) and BRVO (84.37 %). Of 145 eyes, 114 (78.32 %) eyes had CME. CONCLUSIONS Most common cause of CME was NPDR followed by BRVO, PDR and CRVO. Sensitivity of OCT in comparison with FFA was 100 % with diagnostic accuracy of 81.38 %. Hence, one can use OCT as first modality investigation for diagnosis of CME. KEYWORDS Optical Coherence Tomography, Fundus Fluorescein Angiography, Cystoid Macular Oedema, NPDR
The Effects of Improved Cassava Variety Adoption on Farmers’ Technical Efficiency in Indonesia
Authors: Syafrial  , Toiba Hery , Rahman Moh Shadiqur , Retnoningsih Dwi
Published: October 2021

The adoption of technological innovations, such as an improved variety, has been widely promoted worldwide to improve agricultural productivity. This study aimed to examine factors affecting farmers’ decision to adopt a new improved cassava varieties (NICV), and to estimate the effects of NICV adoption on farmers’ technical efficiency. This research used cross-sectional data from 300 cassava farmers in East Java, Indonesia. Furthermore, the data were analyzed by probit regression to examine factors affecting farmers’ decision to adopt NICV. Propensity score matching (PSM) procedures and stochastic frontier analysis were applied to evaluate the impact of NICV adoption on farmers’ technical efficiency. The results indicated that adoption was highly influenced by cooperative membership, access to credit, internet access, certified land, and off-farm work. The stochastic frontier analysis, by controlling the matched sample using PSM procedures, demonstrated that NICV adoption positively and significantly impacted farmers’ technical efficiency. Those who adopted NICV showed a higher technical efficiency level than those who did not. This finding implies that improved varieties could be further promoted to increase productivity. The research suggests that there is a need to improve NICV adoption to increase the levels of technical efficiency and productivity.
Distribution of Microorganisms and Antibiotic Resistance Rates Isolated From Blood Cultures: 5-Year Evaluation in a University Hospital in Northern Cyprus
Authors: GÜLER Emrah , HÜRDOĞANOĞLU Ulaş , FARHAN ALMASOODİ Lina Hameed , ÇAKIR Nedim , SÜER Kaya
Published: October 2021

Objective: Bloodstream infections (BSI) are considered to be the most important cause of morbidity and mortality. The main purpose of this study is to examine the distribution of microorganisms in blood cultures and the rates of antimicrobial resistance.

Method: Microorganisms isolated from 7.866 blood cultures which were sent to our laboratory between January 2016-December 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. Blood culture bottles were incubated in BACTEC 9120 system. Blood samples were taken from the bottles with a sterile syringe and cultured on Eosin-Methylene Blue (EMB) and 5% sheep blood agars if there was a positive signal. The cultivated cultures were left to incubate at 35°C for 24-48 hours. VITEK 2 compact automated system was used for identification and antibiotic susceptibility tests (AST).

Results: Reproduction was detected in 691 (8.8%) of blood cultures. There were 56.7% gram-negative, 42.7% gram-positive bacteria and 0.6% Candida species. The most common bacteria isolated are; coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) (21.1%), Escherichia coli (15.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.9%) and Staphylococcus aureus (11.4%). The rate of ESBL-Escherichia coli increased in 2020, but this was not statistically significant (p=0.188). ESBL-Klebsiella pneumoniae species showed a significant increase over the years and reached the highest level (69.6%) in 2019. MDR (multi drug resistance) rate for Pseudomonas aeruginosa was determined as 13%. MDR rate for Acinetobacter baumannii was determined as 97%. The rate of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus among patients is 30.4%.

Conclusion: It is critical to determine microorganisms and their antibiotic susceptibilities as soon as possible in BSI. Active surveillance systems help manage the BSI.
Consumption of, and beliefs about fonio (digitaria exilis) in urban area in Mali
Authors:   University of Abomey Calavi, Fogny-Fanou Nadia , Koreissi Y ,   Regional Centre of Agronomic Research in Sotuba, Dossa R A M ,   University of Abomey Calavi, Brouwer ID ,   Wageningen University and Research Center
Published: October 2021

The study sought to determine beliefs and practices about neglected crops in West Africa, using fonio (Digitaria exilis) as a model to understand how obstacles impede the consumption of this cereal in Bamako, the capital city of Mali. This was a crosssectional study on food ethnography in three steps: a market survey on availability of fonio, a food consumption survey on utilisation of fonio, and on beliefs on and attributes of fonio. The study covered the pre-harvest and post-harvest periods and involved key informants, food vendors, and women of reproductive age in households. Fonio, as all cereals, is available year-long on markets in Bamako, and is abundant from September to May before most of the common cereals mature. More than two-thirds (68%) of the women reported having consumed fonio one to three times a month. Fonio was more consumed as snack (djouka) on working days (62%) than on weekend and special event days, suggesting that encouraging the development of ready-to-serve fonio-based products would help increase the consumption of fonio among women in urban area. The average individual portion size of fonio was 152g/day, and the contribution to daily energy intake was 16%. A large share of the women was convinced that eating fonio was good for them (95%) and their family members (94%). Also, most of them thought that fonio had good cooking, organoleptic and nutritional qualities and could contribute to diet’s variation (91% to 100%). Decision by the women to purchase or prepare fonio in the household could be favourably influenced by factors such as media, household members suffering from anaemia, neighbouring people buying fonio and shortage of other cereals; whereas shortage of fonio products (77%), high cost of fonio products (69%), difficult cooking process (51%), and lack of knowledge about processing and cooking fonio (43%) were likely to limit fonio consumption among the women. Also, in the present study, fonio was perceived to be for rich people by more than half (58%) of the women. Improving cooking process and knowledge of the women about fonio cooking, as well as creating a demand for the women with the household’s head and others through media, social and health care services would help increase fonio consumption in Bamako.
Imperatives for Setting up a Body of Knowledge on Public Procurement Practice in Nigeria
Authors: Ikechi Kanu Success , Onyema Anuolam Moses , Anthony Nwadiubu
Published: October 2021

A body of knowledge (BOK) refers to the core teachings and skills required to work in a particular field of human endeavor or industry. This study is set to ascertain if there is need to develop an acceptable body of knowledge on public procurement practice in Nigeria. It adopted a survey research design as open ended questionnaires were administered and used to elicit response on subject matter. The population consists of procurement staff in some selected MDA’s at the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. Outcome of the study reveals that there is no one-stop body of knowledge or a comprehensive guide on procurement practice in Nigeria. This may be a pointer to the fact that, there is need to establish one. It is one thing for Nigeria to enact the Public Procurement Act; it is yet another for practitioners as well as the general public to fully understand and imbibe the basic tenets and regulations guiding the procurement practice. It will be necessary to train and retrain practitioners and a veritable tool in this direction is the establishment of a body of knowledge on procurement practice. If this is properly articulated, will provide the procedures, skills and tools needed to practice the trade. This is bound to impact positively on process flow and make for a good procurement practice in Nigeria.
JORNALISMO MÓVEL E HIPERLOCAL: a experiência do PorAqui em Pernambuco
Authors: Figueiredo Carolina Dantas , Oliveira Sheila Borges de , Gouveia Diego
Published: October 2021

O jornalismo móvel e hiperlocal se fortalece diante da cultura da convergência, que possibilita a pluralidade de produção de notícias locais a partir do estímulo à participação com a produção de conteúdos pelos usuários. Este artigo problematiza como o PorAqui constituiu uma experiência de jornalismo móvel, hiperlocal e colaborativo. Para isso, a pesquisa realiza uma revisão bibliográfica dos conceitos-chave da proposta, como convergência, cultura participativa e jornalismo hiperlocal.
Female Genital Mutilation as Violence Against Women: A Narrative of Promoting Abandonment
Authors: Idris Rizky Akbar , Pramadiathalla Muhammad , Daniela Tania
Published: October 2021

Today, women and girls are less likely to undergo female genital mutilation (FGM) than decades ago. However, the practice is still near-universal in some countries. FGM is still practiced because societies still hold their traditional values and norms. According to UNICEF, at least 200 million women and girls have been subjected to the practice in 30 countries, mainly those in Asia and Africa. This study aimed to analyze FGM as violence against women relating to the communities and their beliefs by addressing the status quo and the legality of FGM practices in Indonesia, Egypt, and Yemen. It accounted for the state's role in preventing, handling, and safeguarding the victims of FGM practices. This study used the socio-legal method by critically analyzing the legislation for further implications for legal subjects. This study showed that FGM was a form of violence against women which have a role in the perpetual violation of women's rights. It identified the difference in practice, prevalence, legality, and the state's role in FGM in Indonesia, Egypt, and Yemen. It suggested to prevent FGM practices through mobilizing political will and funding, strengthening healthcare providers' awareness and knowledge, building a supportive legislative and regulatory environment, and reinforcing monitoring, evaluation, and accountability.

KEYWORDS: Women’s Rights, Female Genital Mutilation, Violence Against Women.
Philosophy of Law: A Very Short Introduction by Raymond Wacks
Authors: Wijaya Yudi Yasmin , Aminulloh Ananda
Published: October 2021

The article is a book review that supposedly does not need an abstract
Kebijakan Pencabutan Hak Politik sebagai Pidana Tambahan dalam Perkara Korupsi di Indonesia
Authors: Tahir Enha Sorandri
Published: October 2021

Additional criminal to revoking political rights imposed on convicted corruption cases are referred to as extraordinary policy and efforts made in the context of eradicating the criminal act of corruption, in which corruption is categorized as an extra ordinary crime. The basis for additional criminal law deprivation of political rights is contained in the Criminal Code (KUHP) and Law Number 31 of 1999 concerning Eradication of Corruption as amended by Law Number 20 of 2001 (UU PTPK). This study aims to examine the additional criminal policy of deprivation of political rights against convicted corruption cases seen from the perspective of the purpose of punishment and the suitability of the legal basis used to apply additional crimes of deprivation of political rights against convicts of corruption. The type of research used in this study is the juridical normative research type. The methods used are the statutory approach method, conceptual approach, and case approach. Meanwhile, for data collection techniques, this study uses legal materials consisting of: a.) Primary legal materials, namely statutory regulations and court decisions; b.) secondary legal materials include legal books, legal journals and other scientific works in the field of law. The results of this study first reveal that the additional punishment for depriving political rights is not against the purpose of punishment. It reveals that the additional criminal legal basis for deprivation of political rights for convicted corruption cases should be more specific in determining the length of time for deprivation of political rights in the PTPK Law.

KEYWORDS: Policy, Additional Punishment, Political Rights, Corruption
Mengoptimalkan Peran Lembaga Perfilman Indonesia: Analisis Aspek Hak Cipta terhadap Praktik Siaran Video Ilegal
Authors: Ariani Relys Sandi , Ticoalu Luna Dezeana , Wahyuni Herlin Sri
Published: October 2021

The film is part of the intellectual property rights attached to the creator. Nowadays, it is commonly agreed that violation of intellectual property rights portrays in film piracy for personal gain is inevitable, with illegal streaming services. This study aimed to examine film protection, conduct a study of film institutions, and find concepts to protect films in Indonesia. The study used a juridical method with the statute and conceptual approaches. In so doing, it used secondary data processed using library research techniques. The study showed that illegal movie streaming rampant in Indonesia practiced illegal streaming movies. It violated the intellectual property rights inherent in the creator, resulting in enormous losses for the creators. There are further problems in the laws and regulations, and the government must accommodate preventive actions. This study suggested three components: correctional, supervision, and copyright protection against illegal movie streaming in Indonesia; and these components were to maximize the role of stakeholders.

KEYWORDS: Illegal Streaming Movies, Indonesian Film Institute, Intellectual Property Rights and Copyrights
ESRAR DEDE TEZKİRESİNDEKİ İSTİTRÂDLARDAN HAREKETLE MEVLEVÎ ŞAİRLERDE MAHLAS ALMA GELENEĞİ
Authors: KÖROĞLU Ali Hüsame
Published: October 2021

XVIII. yüzyılın şair ve tezkirecilerinden Esrar Dede’nin (d.1162/1748-ö.1211/1796) Tezkire-i Şu’arâ-yı Mevleviyye’si Mevlevî şairlere tahsis edilmiş ilk zümre tezkiresi olarak dikkat çekmiştir. Esrar Dede, Şeyh Galib’in tavsiyesiyle kaleme aldığı eserinde Mevlevîliğe ait çeşitli bilgiler, terimler, anlayışlar, dikkatler vb. hususlar yer almaktadır. Tezkirede bu hususlar işlenirken istitrâd(arasöz) üslubuna da yer verilmiş ve bu üslup özelliğinden hareketle insana ve onun oluşturduğu kültüre ait değerleri bulmak mümkündür.
Mahlaslar, şairlerin takma adları olarak kullanılmasının yanında edebî bir gelenek olarak divan edebiyatı süresince edebiyatımızın bir açıdan düşüncesini aksettirmesi yönünden de önem arz etmiştir. Divan edebiyatı geleneği içinde şairlerin mahlas seçiminde diğer şairlerden farklı olma, şairlik yönü zayıf olan şairlerle karıştırılma endişesi, dikkat çekici olma gibi faktörler etkiliyken Mevlevî şairler arasında bu etkilerin yanında Mevlevîliğe ait tutumların da etkisi olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmamızda istitrâdlardan hareketle bu tutumların neler olduğu üzerinde durulacak, Mevlevî şairlerinin mahlas almada temel hareket noktaları tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır.
ÖMER SEYFETTİN HİKÂYELERİNİN DEĞERLER EĞİTİMİ AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: İNCE Ömer , ACEMOĞLU Adil
Published: October 2021

Türkçe dersi duygu ve düşünceleri dil aracılığıyla aktarmada etkili bir araçtır. Okuma kültürü kazanmanın ilk basamakları Türkçe dersinin öncelikli kazanımları arasında yer almaktadır. Değerler eğitimi kavramı da Türkçe derslerine Millî Eğitim Bakanlığının değerler eğitimi programları (2015, 2017, 2018) ve Değerler Eğitimi Yönergesi (2010/53) ile dâhil olmuştur. Ömer Seyfettin hikâyeleri hem okuma kültürünü geliştirmede hem de taşıdığı değerler eğitimi unsurlarını iletmede derslerde yararlanılacak güçlü metinlerdir. Türkçe derslerinde kullanılan metinler sadece programda yer alan kazanımları aktarmada birer araç değildir. Metinlerin edebi gücü ve öğrencilerin okuma kültürüne katkısı göz ardı edilemez. Edebi metinler sayesinde öğrenciye kazandırılmak istenen kavramlar doğrudan aktarılmak yerine hikâyelerin sağladığı okuma zevki ve edebi güzellik ile daha etkili biçimde verilmektedir. Değerleri somutlaştırarak aktarmada etkili bir araç olan hikâyeler aynı zamanda öğrencilerin okuma kültürünü geliştirmeye yönelik olarak da ele alınmalıdır. Türk hikâyesinin büyük ustası olan Ömer Seyfettin ve yazmış olduğu hikâyeleri, çalışmamızın evrenini oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın örneklemi ise incelenen 50 hikâyedir. Araştırmada Ömer Seyfettin’in hikâyeleri belirlenen 20 değeri içermesi ve kazandırdığı okuma kültürü unsurları bakımından betimsel tarama modeli ile incelenmiştir.
Thomas Young, o conceito de “indo-europeu” e a legitimação da Linguística
Authors: Guimarães Márcio Renato
Published: October 2021

A contribuição do polímata inglês Thomas Young é analisada para além da introdução do termo indo-europeu, como parte do processo de legitimação que antecede a institucionalização da linguística como disciplina acadêmica no século XIX.
Educação e produtividade em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Galli Fernanda Correa Silveira , Biziak Jacob dos Santos
Published: October 2021

Em tempos de isolamento social ocasionado pela crise do coronavírus (COVID-19), as abordagens sobre o “ensino remoto” têm sido mote de acaloradas discussões, tanto por parte das instituições escolares quanto por parte de pais/mães/responsáveis. Ancorados no referencial teórico-metodológico da Análise do Discurso de vertente pecheuxtiana, propomos neste artigo uma reflexão sobre como a educação tem sido discursivizada em tempos de pandemia. Nosso objetivo é refletir, de maneira particularizada, sobre como o espaço digital da internet (como a mídia digital e as redes sociais) tem textualizado a educação e sua relação com a produtividade, com a finalidade de compreendermos o modo de funcionamento desses discursos e a naturalização de uma memória que retorna e se ressignifica.
A institucionalização de um saber linguístico brasileiro
Authors: Garcia Dantielli Assumpção
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho analisa como um saber linguístico se constituiu na Revista do Instituto Histórico Brasileiro no período de 1839-1889, documentando e institucionalizando um saber sobre os indígenas e suas línguas no Brasil do século XIX.
Kedudukan Kreditor Minoritas Dibandingkan Dengan Kreditor Sekaligus Pemegang Saham Dalam Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang
Authors: Patrik Delvis , Suryanti Nulistiowati , Suryamah Aam
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study aims to find and determine the validity of the recognition of claims belonging to shareholder creditors and the legal protection of minority creditors. This study uses a normative juridical method with descriptive analysis specifications as well as a statute approach and a conceptual approach to determine the validity of the recognition of receivables belonging to shareholders and legal protection owned by minority creditors. The results obtained from this study are: First, Indonesian law has not regulated the position of shareholder creditors in PKPU so that their existence is still considered valid, resulting in a conflict of interest resulting in injustice experienced by minority creditors because of the large rights owned by shareholder creditors in the PKPU process. Second, the legal protection mechanism for minority creditors in the KPKPU Law is in the form of rejection of the peace plan by judges based on Article 285 of the KPKPU Law and objections to claims based on Article 279 jo. 280 The KPKPU Law has not been able to run effectively because it still depends on the discretion and judgment of the judge.Keywords: Suspension of Payment; Legal Protection; Minority Creditors; Shareholder Creditors.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan dan mengetahui keabsahan diakuinya piutang milik Kreditor Pemegang Saham dan perlindungan hukum yang dimiliki Kreditor Minoritas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan spesifikasi deskriptif analisis serta pendekatan perundang-undang dan pendekatan konseptual guna mengetahui keabsahan diakuinya piutang milik pemegang saham dan perlindungan hukum yang dimiliki oleh Kreditor Minoritas. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah: Pertama, hukum Indonesia belum mengatur mengenai kedudukan Kreditor Pemegang Saham dalam PKPU sehingga keberadaannya masih dianggap sah, sehingga terjadi benturan kepentingan yang mengakibatkan ketidakadilan dialami oleh Kreditor Minoritas karena besarnya hak yang dimiliki oleh Kreditor Pemegang Saham dalam proses PKPU. Kedua, mekanisme perlindungan hukum Kreditor Minoritas yang ada dalam UU KPKPU berupa penolakan rencana perdamaian oleh hakim berdasarkan Pasal 285 UU KPKPU dan bantahan piutang berdasarkan Pasal 279 jo. 280 UU KPKPU belum dapat berjalan efektif karena masih bergantung terhadap kebijaksanaan dan penilaian hakim.Kata Kunci: Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang; Perlindungan Hukum; Kreditor Minoritas; Kreditor Pemegang Saham.
Banks’ profitability determinants in post-crisis European Union
Authors: Korytowski Marcin
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this article is to examine the impact of selected internal and external factors on a bank’s profitability. The research investigates the impact of operational size, liquidity, risk appetite, management efficiency, product diversification, concentration, GDP growth and inflation change on the profitability of sample of 4179 European commercial banks for the period between 2011 and 2015. The input data were obtained from the Orbis Focus and the World Bank databases. The determinants were used to construct two models with ROAA and ROAE as a proxies and regression analysis using between groups panel approach was conducted. It has been found that growing economy impacts banks’ profitability positively. It has been robustly confirmed that management efficiency, product diversification, market concentration and inflation result in decreased profitability. The operational size has been found to be negatively linked to changes in net results but was confirmed only with ROAA model. Similarly, statistically significant results with regard to liquidity were found only for ROAA model and the correlation was positive. The strong negative impact of market concentration on profitability is an interesting finding allowing for further exploration of reasons for this unexpected vector of correlation.
“MULHERES NAS CIÊNCIAS EXATAS E TECNOLOGIAS”: PERCEPÇÕES DE CONCLUINTES DO ENSINO MÉDIO DE DISTINTOS AMBIENTES SOCIOEDUCACIONAIS
Authors: Carvalho da Cunha Ulisses Franklin , Karine Diel Rambo Magale , Mara Miranda Cynthia
Published: October 2021

Este estudo propôs-se a refletir acerca da presença das mulheres nas áreas de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologias, na perspectiva das narrativas de alunas concluintes do Ensino Médio, de duas escolas localizadas em distintos ambientes socioeducacionais de uma capital brasileira: uma, sendo pública e em região de vulnerabilidades sociais, e a outra, particular da área central da cidade. Este estudo foi realizado utilizando-se como metodologia de obtenção dos dados o grupo focal, que nos permitiu ter acesso ao imaginário e às opiniões destas adolescentes. As discussões levantadas nos grupos focais foram gravadas, transcritas e submetidas à análise de conteúdo. Os resultados foram discutidos especialmente à luz dos estudos de gênero. As análises realizadas no desenvolvimento do estudo apontam que as adolescentes de ambas as escolas possuem percepções convergentes em diversos pontos que evidenciam a existência de estereótipos de gênero na ciência.
CONHECIMENTO DO ENFERMEIRO SOBRE OS DEPENDENTES QUÍMICOS NO CENTRO DE REABILITAÇÃO EM DEPENDÊNCIA QUÍMICA (CRDQ) – ISMAEL ABDEL AZIZ
Authors: Mazalo João Viriato , Conceição Antônio Marcos Sales , Mori Bruno
Published: October 2021

RESUMO

Os enfermeiros desempenham um papel crucial na transformação social, tendo atuação ativa no processo de tratamento, reabilitação, combate ao consumo de álcool e outras drogas psicoativas. O consumo de drogas é considerado um problema de saúde pública, que afeta todas as faixas etárias, sem distinção da classe social, criando implicações sociais, psicológicas, econômicas e políticas. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo avaliar o conhecimento dos enfermeiros sobre os dependentes químicos no Centro de Reabilitação em Dependência Química – Ismael Abdel Aziz. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo-exploratório de natureza qualitativa. Participaram no estudo 6 enfermeiros que atuavam na instituição. A coleta de dados foi realizada no mês de julho de 2015, com base em entrevista semiestruturada, sendo categorizados segundo a análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Os enfermeiros afirmaram que a demanda dos dependentes químicos tende a crescer progressivamente devido a vários fatores expostos pela sociedade, havendo necessidade de maior abrangência de políticas públicas e criação de novos projetos, bem como a capacitação dos enfermeiros para melhorar o atendimento. Após a realização da pesquisa concluiu-se que os enfermeiros possuem conhecimentos básicos que são utilizados no processo de recuperação dos dependentes químicos, onde estes atuam na assistência das crises de abstinências, fissura, ansiedade, entre outras situações expostas.

Palavras-chave: Dependência Química; Drogas; Reabilitação.
Artificial Neural Network-based detection of gas hydrate
formation
Authors: Bölkény Ildikó
Published: October 2021

In the production process of natural gas one of the major problems is
the formation of hydrate crystals creating hydrate plugs in the pipeline.
The hydrate plugs increase production losses, because the removal of the
plugs is a high cost, time consuming procedure. One of the solutions used to
prevent hydrate formation is the injection of modern compositions to the gas
flow, helping to dehydrate the gas. Dehydratation obviously means that the
size of hydrate crystals does not increase. The substances used in low
concentrations, have to be locally injected at the gas well sites. Inhibitor
dosing depends on the amount of gas hydrate present. In the article two
Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based predictive detection solutions are
presented. In both cases the goal is to predict hydrate formation. Data used
come from two solutions. In the first one measurements were performed by a
self-developed and -produced equipment in this case, differential pressure
was used as input. In the second solution data are used from the measurement
system of a motorised chemical-injector device, in this case pressure,
temperature, quantity and type of inhibitor were used as inputs. Both
systems are presented in the article.
Overview of the modified magnetoelastic method applicability
Authors: Klier Tomáš , Mícka Tomáš , Polák Michal , Hedbávný Milan
Published: October 2021

A requirement of axial force determination in
important structural elements of a building or engineering structure during
its construction or operational state is very frequent in technical
practice. In civil engineering practice, five experimental techniques are
usually used for evaluation of axial tensile forces in these elements. Each
of them has its advantages and disadvantages. One of these methods is the
magnetoelastic method, that can be used, for example, on engineering
structures for experimental determination of the axial forces in prestressed
structural elements made of ferromagnetic materials, e.g., prestressed bars,
wires and strands. The article presents general principles of the
magnetoelastic method, the magnetoelastic sensor layout and actual
information and knowledge about practical application of the new approach
based on the magnetoelastic principle on prestressed concrete structures.
Subsequently, recent results of the experimental verification and the
in-situ application of the method are described in the text. The described
experimental approach is usable not only for newly built structures but in
particular for existing ones. Furthermore, this approach is the only one
effectively usable experimental method for determination of the prestressed
force on existing prestressed concrete structures in many cases in the
technical practice.
DNA Hypermethylation Modification Promotes the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Depressing the Tumor Suppressor Gene ZNF334
Authors: Sun Da-peng , Gan Xiao-jie , Liu Lei , Yang Yuan , Ding Dong-yang , Li Wen , Jiang Junyao , Ding Wen-Bin , Zhao Ling-hao , Hou Guo-jun , Yu Jian , Wang Jie , Zhou Wei-ping , Yang Fu , Yuan Sheng-xian
Published: October 2021

Background: DNA methylation plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of tumors, but studies focused on the dynamic changes of DNA methylation in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are rare. This manuscript is aimed to construct pre- and early DNA methylation maps of liver cancer of the same genetic background, as well as to reveal the mechanism of epigenetics regulating gene expression during the development of liver cancer, thus providing new targets and clinical evidence for early diagnosis and shedding lights on the precise treatment for liver cancer. Methods: The study includes 5 patients who were chronic hepatitis B virus infected, clinically diagnosed as primary liver cancer and pathologically diagnosed as early liver cancer with liver dysplastic nodules. Liver fibrosis tissues, dysplastic nodules and early HCC tissues from these patients have been used to measure DNA methylation. Results: We report significant differences in the DNA methylation spectrum of three types of tissues. In the early stage of HCC, DNA hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes is predominant. Additionally, DNA hypermethylation in the early stage of HCC changes the binding of transcription factor P53 to the promoter of tumor suppressor gene ZNF334, and inhibits the expression of ZNF334 at the transcription level. Furthermore, through a series of in vivo and in vitro experiments, we have clarified the exacerbation effect of tumor suppressor gene ZNF334 deletion in the occurrence of HCC. Combined with clinical data, we found that the overall survival and disease-free survival of patients with high ZNF334 expression are longer than the lower one. Conclusions: We constructed a sequential map of DNA methylation modification during the occurrence of HCC, and clarified the biological function and regulatory mechanism of the tumor suppressor gene ZNF334, which is regulated by related DNA methylation sites, and also provide new targets and clinical evidence for the early diagnosis and precise treatment of liver cancer.
Simulation Research on PEMFC fueled with ammonia reforming gas
Authors: Zhao Jianfeng , LIANG Qianchao , LIANG Yifan , Jinyi HU
Published: October 2021

Ammonia as a chemical storage carrier for hydrogen has the advantages of high hydrogen storage density and easy storage. However, reconversion of ammonia to pure hydrogen requires additional energy consumption and complex equipment, thus greatly reducing its advantages as a hydrogen storage carrier. The development of PEMFC that use ammonia decomposition gas directly as fuel can avoid the purification of hydrogen and simplify on-site hydrogen production systems. Thus, the application of fuel cells can be greatly expanded. In this paper, a three-dimensional simulation model of PEMFC using ammonia reforming gas as fuel is established based on experimental data. The distribution of local current density and local hydrogen concentration inside the fuel cell and the relationship between them are studied and analyzed. The optimal efficiency and fuel utilization of the fuel cell under different flow rates are investigated. Finally, a preliminary simulation analysis of the effect of anode runner length on the maximum output power of the fuel cell is conducted. The results of the study can provide a reference for the fuel control strategy of ammonia reforming gas-fueled PEMFC and the optimization of the fuel cell.
Validity, Agreement and Accuracy of A Hand-Held Dynamometer for Shoulder Muscles Strength Assessment in Healthy Individuals
Authors: NEPOMUCENO BALBINO , Neto Mansueto Gomes , Schindler Ingara Silva Ribeiro , Machado Mariana , de Melo Thiago
Published: October 2021

Background: The shoulder complex has a high prevalence of injuries. It is fundamental to quantify the muscle strength and identify muscular imbalances that predispose to lesions. The aim was to test concurrent validation of the muscle strength assessment with a hand held dynamometer (HHD) for shoulder joint muscles, and measure the accuracy and diagnostic agreement between instruments for assessing the strength of this joint with the hand held dynamometer and isokinetic dynamometer (ID) in a population of healthy individuals Methods: healthy individuals aged between 18 and 40 years were included. The HHD was used to test the isometric contraction of the main shoulder movements. Isometric contraction was performed for 3 seconds. Assessments with HHD and DI were performed on the same day, with a minimum interval of 90 minutes between tests. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee by report No.1537948. Concurrent validation was calculated with Pearson’s correlation, the accuracy obtained by the ROC curve and agreement by Kappa test. Results: The HHD showed concurrent validation between 0.51 – 0.83, with sensitivity between 0.90 and 0.98 and specificity between 0.64 and 0.89 for shoulder movements. The HHD demonstrated moderately-strong to excellent concurrent validity. Conclusion: These results are encouraging for the routine use of this portable and lower cost instrument in quantification of the pique torque of the shoulder muscles. Moreover, this instrument showed good accuracy and moderate to high agreement in comparison with diagnosis of the gold standard instrument.
The Antihyperalgesic Effects of the Calcium Channel Blocker CTK 01512-2 Toxin in Persistent Pain Models
Authors: Cavalli Juliana , Gonçalves Elaine Cristina Dalazen , Bobermin Larissa Daniele , Quincozes-Santos André , Gomez Marcus Vinicius , Dutra Rafael Cypriano
Published: October 2021

The CTK 01512-2 toxin is a recombinant peptide of the Phα1β version derived from the venom of the Phoneutria nigriventer spider. It is an N-type voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) blocker showing a prolonged effect on the prevention and reduction of nociception. Herein, CTK 01512-2 toxin was tested in two models of persistent pain, the chronic post-ischemia pain (CPIP) and the peripheral neuropathy induced by paclitaxel, to evaluate its intrathecal, systemic, and intracerebroventricular effects on mechanical hypersensitivity and thermal allodynia. The astroglial cell viability using the MTT test was also investigated. The results showed that CTK 01512-2 intrathecal and systemic treatments reduced mechanical hypersensitivity induced by CPIP, mainly between 1 – 4 h after CTK 01512-2 administration. When the CTK 01512-2 intrathecal treatment was applied, it also reduced the thermal allodynia induced by CPIP. CTK 01512-2 intracerebroventricular treatment also showed mechanical antihyperalgesic and thermal antiallodynic effects in the peripheral neuropathy induced by paclitaxel, reinforcing CTK 01512-2 therapeutically potential to treat persistent pain conditions. CTK 01512-2 further altered the astroglial cell viability in the MTT reduction assay, which may indicate its effects on the mitochondrial activity of these cells, possibly as a compensatory mechanism on calcium signaling. The current study shows CTK 01512-2 antihyperalgesic effects in persistent pain models, helping to pave new perspectives of pain relief treatments to patients affected by peripheral neuropathy and chronic pain conditions.
Anatomical and Symptomatic Outcomes in Patients With Le Fort Colpocleisis
Authors: KINCI Mehmet Ferdi , SEZGİN Burak , ARSLANER Mehmet Onur , GÖKBEL Deniz AKIN , GÖKBEL İsmail , SİVASLIOĞLU Ahmet Akın
Published: October 2021

Background: We aimed to evaluate the short term anatomical and symptomatic results of elderly patients on whom Le Fort colpocleisis operation was performed due to pelvic organ prolapse (POP) in our clinic. Methods: Medical records of fifty-nine sexually inactive and ≥65 aged women with stage 2 or higher vaginal or uterine prolapse who underwent Le Fort colpocleisis operation were prospectively analysed. Pre-operative and 12 months post-operative data were recorded. Turkish validated Global Pelvic Floor Bother Questionnaire (GPFBQ) were also evaluated at pre-operative and 12 months post-operative period in all patients. Anatomical success was determined as no prolapse of any POP-Q point at or below 1 cm above the hymen. Results: A total of 59 patients were conducted in this study. The average age of the patients was 71.67±7.01 (years). The mean BMI was 27.1±9.52 kg/m2. POP-Q point C as well as, Gh and TVL measurements were significantly higher after surgery than those at preoperative period (p<0.01, p<0.01, p<0.01, respectively). There was no recurrence in any case. Evaluation of complications at the pre-operative and post-operative 12th month revealed significant differences for SUI, urinary frequency, nocturia, and pelvic pain symptoms during post-operative period (p:0.007, p<0.001, p:0.01, p<0.001; respectively). Conclusions: Le Fort colpocleisis is a simple and effective procedure that has been found to provide successful anatomical and symptomatic outcomes in sexually inactive and elderly women for POP. However long-term results of this procedure needs further investigation.
Research On Adaptive Optimal Iterative Learning Control Based on Least Squares
Authors: Yang Liang-Liang , Luo Xiang , Yuan Rui , Zhang Hui
Published: October 2021

Traditional Optimal Iterative Learning Control (TOILC) can effectively improve the tracking performance of the servo system. However, there may be parameter perturbation in the running process of the servo system, and its parameters are constantly changing slowly. As a result, the convergence of TOILC becomes worse, and the tracking performance of the system deteriorates seriously. Therefore, in view of the time-varying characteristics of the system, a least squares optimal iterative learning control (LSAOILC) algorithm is proposed. In the process of iteration, the nominal model of the system is identified according to the input and output signals so as to update the optimal iterative learning controller, which does not need to obtain the exact system model information in advance, making up for the shortage of TOILC. The simulations and experiments prove the effectiveness of the proposed strategy for the servo system.
How Atoms of Polycrystalline Nb 20.6 Mo 21.7 Ta 15.6 W 21.1 V 21.0 refractory High-Entropy Alloys Rearrange during the Melting Process
Authors: Ju Shin-Pon , Li Chen-Chun
Published: October 2021

The melting mechanism of single crystal and polycrystalline Nb 20.6 Mo 21.7 Ta 15.6 W 21.1 V 21.0 RHEAs was investigated by the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation using the 2NN MEAM potential. For the single crystal RHEA, the density profile displays an abrupt drop from 11.25 to 11.00 g/cm 3 at temperatures from 2910 to 2940 K, indicating all atoms begin significant local structural rearrangement. For polycrystalline RHEAs, a two-stage melting process is found. In the first melting stage, the melting of the grain boundary (GB) regions firstly occurs at the pre-melting temperature, which is relatively lower than the corresponding system-melting point. At the pre-melting temperature, most GB atoms have enough kinetic energies to leave their equilibrium positions, and then gradually induce the rearrangement of grain atoms close to GB. In the second melting stage at the melting point, most grain atoms have enough kinetic energies to rearrange, resulting in the chemical short-ranged order (CSRO) changes of all pairs.
Revealing key lncRNAs in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia by reconstruction of the lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA network based on the competitive endogenous RNA theory
Authors: Sun Tao , Dong Lin , Guo Yan , Zhao Hai , Wang Manzhi
Published: October 2021

Background: Cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia(CN-AML) is a heterogeneous disease with different prognosis.Researches on prognostic indicators and therapy targets of CN-AML are still ongoing.Instead of protein-coding genes,more and more researches were focused on the non-coding RNAs especially long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) which may play an important role in the development and prognosis of AML.Although a large number of lncRNAs had been found, our knowledge of their function and pathological significance is still in its infancy.The purpose of this research is to identify the key lncRNAs and explore their function in CN-AML by reconstructing the lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA network based on the competitive endogenous RNA(ceRNA) theory. Results: We reconstructed a global triple network based on the ceRNA theory using the data from National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus and published literature. According to the topological algorithm,we identified the key lncRNAs which had both the higher node degrees and the higher number of lncRNA–miRNA and miRNA–mRNA pairs in the ceRNA network. Meanwhile, Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway analysis were performed using databases such as DAVID,KOBAS and Cytoscape plug-in ClueGO respectively.The lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA network was composed of 90 lncRNAs,33mRNAs,26 miRNAs and 259 edges in the lncRNA upregulated group,and 18 lncRNAs,11 mRNAs,6 miRNAs and 45 edges in the lncRNA downregulated group.The functional assay showed that 53 pathways and 108 GO terms were enriched. Three lncRNAs(XIST,GABPB1-AS1,TUG1)could possibly be selected as key lncRNAs wihch may play an important role in the development of CN-AML.Particularly,GABPB1-AS1 was highly expressed in CN-AML by both bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification in AML cell line(THP-1) by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction.In addition, GABPB1-AS1 was also negatively correlated with overall survival of AML patients. Conclusion: The lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA network revealed key lncRNAs and their functions in CN-AML.Particularly,lncRNA GABPB1-AS1 was firstly proposed in AML.We believe that GABPB1-AS1 is expected to become a candidate diagnostic biomarker or potential therapeutic target.
Promoting the adoption of local governmental policy on the reimbursement of chronic disease medicines (PAPMed): study protocol of a field-based cluster randomized trial in rural Nantong, China
Authors: He Zhengting , Cao Xin , Zhao Duan , Tang Zemin , Zhao Jiayu , Beasley Mariel , Renne Angela , Gao Yuexia , Yan Lijing L.
Published: October 2021

Background

Among rural Chinese patients with non-communicable diseases (NCDs), low socioeconomic status increases the risk of developing NCDs and associated financial burdens in paying for medicines and treatments. Despite the chronic disease medicine reimbursement policy of the local government in Nantong City, China, various barriers prevent patients from registering for and benefitting from the policy. This study aims to develop a behavior-science based intervention program for promoting the adoption of the policy and to evaluate the effectiveness of the program compared with usual practices.
Methods

Barriers and opportunities affecting stakeholders in adopting the policy were identified through contextual research and summarized through behavior mapping. The intervention targets these barriers and opportunities through behavior science theories and will be evaluated through a 6-month cluster randomized controlled trial in Tongzhou District, Nantong, China. A total of 30 villages from two townships are randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention or the control arm (usual practices). Village doctors in the intervention arm (1) receive systematic training on policy details, registration procedures, and intervention protocol, (2) promote the policy and encourage registration, (3) follow-up with patients in the first, third and sixth month after the intervention, and (4) receive financial incentives based on performance. The primary outcome is policy registration rate and the secondary outcomes include the number of patients registering for the policy, medical costs saved, frequency of village doctor visits, and health conditions such as blood pressure and glucose levels.
Discussion

This study is one of very few that aims to promote adoption of NCDs outpatient medication reimbursement policies, and the first study to evaluate the impact of these policies on patients’ financial and physical wellbeing in China. The simple, feasible, and scalable intervention is designed based on the theories of behavior science and are applicable to similar low-income regions nationwide where outpatient medical costs remain a financial burden for patients.
Trial registration:

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04731194, registered on 29 January 2021, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04731194?term=PAPMed&draw=2&rank=1; Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2100042152, registered on 14 January 14 2021, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=65987.