bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring subjective resilience in Colombian students in the horizon of social adversity
Authors: Medina Manrique Magda Inés , Alonso-Tapia Jesús
Published: August 2024

Para contar con instrumentos que harán el estudio de la resiliencia en contextos de adversidad social crónica (pobreza, violencia comunitaria, conflicto armado, etc.), este estudio tiene como objetivo adecuar y validar el cuestionario de resiliencia subjetiva y el cuestionario para la atribución de cambios en la resiliencia a el trabajo de los maestros para su uso con adolescentes colombianos y para probar la validez transcultural. Un total de 532 estudiantes participaron en el estudio. La comparación de diferentes modelos mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio ha demostrado que la resiliencia subjetiva tiende a generalizarse ante situaciones generadas por compañeros, docentes y familiares, pero también que el contexto que genera la situación adversa modula la reacción.Estos resultados replican los obtenidos con la muestra española original. Además, El análisis de ruta indica que la resiliencia depende de las estrategias de afrontamiento que utilice el individuo, pero también del trabajo de los docentes ya que los estudiantes les atribuyen un efecto positivo en su resiliencia. Este hecho sugiere que si los maestros promueven estilos de afrontamiento centrados en el problema, promoverán la resiliencia. Finalmente, la mayor resiliencia de los estudiantes colombianos en comparación con los españoles sugiere la posibilidad de que la exposición intermitente a situaciones estresantes leves o moderadas permiten el desarrollo de habilidades adaptativas y promueva la resiliencia.
Communication between parents and their university offspring and sources of personal and social support
Authors: Guerra-Santana Mónica , Rodríguez-Pulido Josefa , Artiles-Rodríguez Josué
Published: August 2024

Communication allows the interrelationship of family members and has an influence on the personal and social adjustment of offspring. This research paper analyzes the types of family communication that exist between parents and their offspring and the sources of personal and social support available to university students. The link between the gender and the search for parent-offspring support variables are studied against the types of family communication. A quantitative analysis has been performed based on a descriptive, correlational and comparative design, and taking 906 students from a European university as the sample. The results indicate it was found that, overall, university students had a positive relationship with their parents. It was further discovered that daughters develop more negative behaviors and hurtful attitudes toward their mother than sons. University students tend to value and turn to different sources of support depending on the issue they wish to solve, with differences being noted based on gender. We conclude that university students have an open and satisfactory friendly relationship with both their parents, and value the family support they receive positively when they have personal and social problems. The variables analyzed are discriminative and predictive elements of how the relationship between parents and their offspring works.
The Critical Pedagogy that Transforms the Reality
Authors: Valls-Carol Rosa , Rodrigues de Mello Roseli , Rodríguez-Oramas Alfonso , Khalfaoui Andrea , Roca-Campos Esther , Guo Mengna , Redondo Gisela
Published: August 2024

Authors, teachers, students, family members, and other citizens from diverse cultures, gender options and countries have been and are developing critical pedagogy all over the world. However, there are authors of “critical pedagogy” who use this label for luxuries and egotism but who have never transformed nor supported the transformation of any school or educational project. This article presents four criteria to distinguish between the critical pedagogy that transforms reality and the “critical pedagogy” that only benefits those who use this label. The first criterion is the egalitarian dialogue that critical pedagogy authors use with very diverse citizens to achieve extensive and profound real transformations. The second one is the social impact of their work on society, especially on the oppressed, overcoming inequalities and improving their conditions of life. The third one is the equality of results of the oppressed in literacy as well as in sentiments and values, without segregating. The fourth one is the critical pedagogy style versus the Althusserian and market styles, highlighting the scientific and theoretical rigor of critical pedagogy authors opposed to the lack of theoretical basis of authors of “critical pedagogy”.
The attractive, the aggressive and the withdrawn student in the university: Social network and content analysis.
Authors: LITSA MARIA , Bekiari Alexandra
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study is to detect and analyse relationships of attractiveness, social power and aggressiveness in the PE university community. A sample of 197 PE university students from University of Thessaly, Greece participated in the social network study, answering about the relationships developed with their fellow students and providing demographic non-network data as well. After the extraction of results, 8 of them were interviewed to further clarify the motives and thoughts that underlie their behaviour regarding attractiveness, social power and aggressiveness. Social network analysis, carried out with Visone 1.1, statistical analysis, carried out with SPSS 26 and content analysis of the qualitative data – interviews, carried out with MaxQDA 2020 led us to the following conclusions: Scientific attractiveness is related to social power and vice versa, protecting from verbal aggressiveness. Aggressiveness is negatively related to attractiveness and social power. Argumentativeness is important for the position one holds in their network and argumentational deficiency may lead to marginalization. Gender, body characteristics and academic distinction affect attractiveness and aggressiveness emergence.
Study of Cultural Dilemma and Internal System of Chinese Learning for International Students in Zhengzhou University, China
Authors: Jilani Ghulam , Yang Guangqin
Published: August 2024

This study focuses on international students’ satisfaction on-campus cultural environment, living, learning experience about the quality of education and available facilities. A questionnaire-based cross-sectional systemic survey where 119 foreign students were targeted for data collection using the strategy of non-probability convenience sampling. For data processing, SPSS v 22.0 was adopted and P≤0.05 was considered statically significant. To explore the relationship between variables, the Kruskal-Wallis H and Mann-Whitney U tests were carried out. The results show a high level of foreign students’ satisfaction with adequate accommodation, the influence of Chinese culture, and the quality of education. This study evaluated that the overall better level of satisfaction in culture, living, the standard of education, learning system, cost of accommodation, and sports
Prerequisites and Causal Recipes for Manufacturers’ IT-Enabled Service Innovation Success
Authors:   TU Dresden, Brosig Christoph , Gräubig Dix M. ,   TU Dresden, Strahringer Susanne ,   TU Dresden, Westner Markus ,   OTH Regensburg
Published: August 2024

For manufacturing firms, success in innovating IT-enabled services is a critical antecedent to benefiting from the digital servitization of their business models. Digital servitization literature has explored mechanisms for success in innovating IT-enabled services, indicating that the phenomenon is multifaceted and needs to be explained from multiple theoretical perspectives. We derive a conceptual model for success in innovating IT-enabled services covering its multifaceted nature by referring to knowledge-based and organizational control theory. We test this model using qualitative cases of IT-enabled service innovation initiatives in manufacturing firms and use set-theoretic analyses to account for the multifaceted nature of the phenomenon. The necessary condition analysis yields that a certain degree of service innovation capabilities is a prerequisite for success. With the results of a qualitative comparative analysis, we obtain five solution terms as causal recipes for success in innovating IT-enabled services. Our results contribute to research by offering a theory-based approach that explains the multiplicity of success in IT-enabled service innovation. Practitioners benefit from our results by understanding prerequisites and causal recipes for success while learning from unsuccessful initiatives in innovating IT-enabled services of manufacturing firms. Our study is also an example of how to rigorously calibrate qualitative data using a structured approach.
A relationship between intestinal microbiome and epilepsy: potential treatment options for drug-resistant epilepsy
Authors: Cherednichenko A. S. , Mozdor P. V. , Oleynikova T. K. , Khatam P. A. , Nastueva F. M. , Kovalenkov K. O. , Serdinova A. S. , Osmaeva A. Kh. , Rovchak A. I. , Esikova Yu. Yu. , Shogenova M. Kh. , Akhmedov K. I. , Amirgamzaev M. R. , Batyrshina E. R.
Published: August 2024

Background. According to the World Health Organization, about 50 million people worldwide suffer from epilepsy. Almost 1/3 of patients are diagnosed with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). A relationship between intestinal microbiome (IM) and the central nervous system carried out throughout life via bidirectional dynamic network exists. It has been evidenced that IM profile becomes altered in patients with DRE.

Objective: to summarize the current literature data on the role for microbiome-gut-brain axis in DRE, as well as to assess an importance of IM composition changes as a prognostic marker for developing DRE.

Material and methods. The authors conducted a search for publications in the electronic databases PubMed/MEDLINE and eLibrary, as well as Google Scholar search engine. The evaluation of the articles was carried out in accordance with the PRISMA recommendations. Based on the search, 4,158 publications were retrieved from PubMed/MEDLINE database, 173 – from eLibrary, and 1,100 publications found with  Google Scholar. After the selection procedure, 121 studies were included in the review.

Results. The review provides convincing evidence about a correlation between IM and DRE demonstrating overt differences in IM composition found in patients with epilepsy related to drug sensitivity. IM dysbiosis can be corrected by exogenous interventions such as ketogenic diet, probiotic treatment and fecal microbiota transplantation subsequently resulting in altered brain neurochemical signaling and, therefore, alleviating epileptic activity.

Conclusion. A ketogenic diet, probiotics and antibiotics may have some potential to affect epilepsy by correcting IM dysbiosis, but the current studies provide no proper level of evidence. Future clinical multicenter trials should use standardized protocols and a larger-scale patient sample to provide more reliable evidence. Moreover, further fundamental investigations are required to elucidate potential mechanisms and therapeutic targets.
Is Early Marriage a Problem in Indonesia? Maqāṣid Al-Sharī‘ah, Economic and Quadruple Helix Analysis
Authors: Hidayat Yusup , Machmud Aris , Sadino Sadino , Lutfi Anas , Maguchu Prosper
Published: August 2024

Early marriage is a contributing factor to low levels of health, education, and family welfare. Early marriage is a worldwide occurrence that warrants the attention of all stakeholders, including UNICEF. The objective of this study is to address the issue of early marriage in Indonesia by employing the quadruple helix approach and doing legal and economic analysis to effectively reduce the prevalence of early marriages. The author employed a type of normative juridical study that incorporated both national law and the Islamic legal method approach known as maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. This was done by utilizing the quadruple helix and economic analysis of law (EAL) theory. Ultimately, early marriage is influenced by ineffective regulations as well as cultural, economic, and educational factors. To address this issue, it is crucial to establish a strong collaboration between academics, businesses, government, and society. Additionally, raising awareness among the public about the benefits of delaying marriage until the appropriate age can contribute to the well-being of couples, families, and society as a whole. This approach can also incentivize the community by facilitating access to education, the economy, and healthcare and addressing issues such as stunting.
Television Mass Media Relations to Culture Shifts in Besilam Malay Community
Authors: Marzuki Datuk Imam , Nasution Salamudin , Nasution Salman , Saiful Muhammad Ikbal , Arroyo-Dean Estrella T.
Published: August 2024

Media relations with culture can play a role in shifting the views of the Besilam Malay community. This study focuses on the impact of television mass media as a pivotal component of modern society. Technological advancements have placed society at a crossroads, presenting a choice between embracing contemporary progress or adhering to time-honored traditions. The pervasive influence of media serves as a catalyst in shaping awareness and perspectives. The tug-of-war between embracing change and preserving heritage is well exemplified in the traditional berahoi ceremony, which recently has taken up only a small part of the whole tradition. The development of the times that continue to follow renewal can influence people's attitudes and thoughts towards culture supported by technology in the media. This paper used a qualitative research model with a heuristic approach to gather information from cultural and religious community leaders around the Besilam community. This study holds significance in illuminating the ancestral traditions deeply rooted within the Besilam Malay community. It aims to shed light on the evolving nature of these traditions and their transformations over time. Additionally, it serves as a call to action, advocating for the Langkat Regency government to prioritize the preservation of these rich cultural customs. A recommendation is proposed to allocate resources from the APBD Budget Policy through the Tourism Office to sustain and promote these traditions, ensuring their continuity for future generations. Modern Globalization Theory, coined by Wallerstein, asserts that social change occurs as underdeveloped nations emulate the practices and advancements of their more advanced counterparts as a means of progress and growth.
Gas repellents herbal drugs could induce hyperkalemia in infants: case series in tertiary centers in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alzahrani Abdulrahman , Alfakhri Lama , Almutairi Muteb , Alenaze Bander , Al Harbi Faraj F. , Barnawi Esam
Published: August 2024

This is a case series involving four infants who experienced hyperkalemia (high levels of potassium in the blood) after using herbal gas repellents that contained potassium sorbate as an antimicrobial preservative. The first patient was a ten-day-old male who presented with jaundice and incidental hyperkalemia, which resolved with treatment. The second patient was a three-month-old male who had a history of neonatal critical care admission and presented with vomiting and incidental hyperkalemia, which resolved spontaneously. The third patient was a two-month-old female who presented with failure to thrive and incidental hyperkalemia, which resolved after discontinuation of the herbal gas repellent. The fourth patient was a one-month-old male who presented with vomiting and incidental hyperkalemia, which also resolved after discontinuation of the herbal gas repellent. All patients underwent investigations to determine the underlying cause of hyperkalemia, but no specific cause was found other than the use of the herbal gas repellents. The abstract highlights the importance of physicians being aware of the potential effects of potassium-containing herbal gas repellents and the occurrence of unexplained hyperkalemia in infants, urging caution in their use.
Suicidal corrosive ingestion in diabetes mellitus patient: what should we do?
Authors: Pauliana  , Suryana Ketut
Published: August 2024

The corrosive agent is often used for suicide plans, and it can cause severe damage, including various gastrointestinal pathologies such as strictures, perforation, and bleeding. In more severe cases, it can lead to multiorgan system failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and sepsis. These was a reported case of corrosive ingestion with diabetes mellitus as a comorbidity. Prompt, appropriate, and immediate initial management by healthcare professionals is crucial to reduce complications from corrosive agents.
Automated SPARQL Template for Flexible Question Answering
Authors: Wardani Dewi , Wijaya Andreas , Wijayanto Ardhi , Ulfah Siregar Maria , Yunitasari Yessi
Published: August 2024

The knowledge bases required the query language SPARQL, which consists of subject, property, and object. SPARQL is a structured query language and is difficult to understand. That issue becomes a problem in natural language processing queries. One situation in question answering is how to translate natural language into a structural SPARQL. This work aims to develop an automated SPARQL template algorithm regardless of the pattern structure of the query triples. It provides a more varied SPARQL query for data retrieval named Flexible SPARQL. This approach initially lies in combining elements of RDF with basic techniques of natural language processing to generate a template of SPARQL. In this work, the approach to making automatic templates is proposed without regard to the pattern of the triple structure or the location of the subject and object. Template-based research that exists today still uses rules to determine the position of subjects, objects, and properties in the SPARQL structure. Therefore, this work used the QALD 7 question set and DBpedia dataset. The previous systems utilized the same questions and data sets. Despite the simple proposed approaches that do not use complex, sophisticated techniques, they have shown promising results compared to the previous systems. The accuracy result from 215 questions is 73% and micro-Recall 0.701, micro-Precision 0.664, micro-F-Measure 0.682, macro-Recall 0.711, macro-Precision 0.592, macro-F-Measure 0.646. Overall, the Flexible SPARQL system has higher results on several measurements that define a promising approach. However, it's important to note that Flexible SPARQL generally tends to fail at generating complex SPARQL, which is a limitation of the system.
Analyzing Composite Stock Price Index Volatility in Response to Changes in Data Structure Using Bayesian Markov-Switching GARCH
Authors: Ermanely  , Devianto Dodi , Yanuar Ferra , Hidayat Rahmat
Published: August 2024

Rapid economic growth was observed to have motivated economic actors and investors to maximize business performance using different methods. An example of these are stocks or shares securities showing that a person or entity has a stake in a company. Investors are primarily drawn to stocks due to their potential for substantial profits closely tied to the volatility in the stock market. The prevalence of this volatility has long been addressed using the ARCH/GARCH model, but it is not ideal for datasets experiencing structural changes. Therefore, a model was developed using the Bayesian Markov-switching GARCH approach to effectively capture the heteroscedastic component and structural changes in data and mitigate certain limitations, especially those associated with a small sample size. This study adopted the composite stock price index (CSI) data from March 2020 to April 2021 to model and understand the volatility. The results showed that the Bayesian Markov-switching GARCH model with the most negligible variance provided the best fit. It was also discovered that a more minor error variance corresponded to lower data volatility. Moreover, the concept of value at risk was used to assess the investment risk based on the criterion that a decrease in the CSI investments led to a reduction in the level of risk faced by the investors.
Edulyze: Learning Analytics for Real-World Classrooms at Scale
Authors: Patidar Prasoon , Ngoon Tricia , Vogety Neeharika , Behari Nikhil , Harrison Chris , Zimmerman John , Ogan Amy , Agarwal Yuvraj
Published: August 2024

Classroom sensing systems can capture data on teacher-student behaviours and interactions at a scale far greater than human observers can. These data, translated to multi-modal analytics, can provide meaningful insights to educational stakeholders. However, complex data can be difficult to make sense of. In addition, analyses done on these data are often limited by the organization of the underlying sensing system, and translating sensing data into meaningful insights often requires custom analyses across different modalities. We present Edulyze, an analytics engine that processes complex, multi-modal sensing data and translates them into a unified schema that is agnostic to the underlying sensing system or classroom configuration. We evaluate Edulyze’s performance by integrating three sensing systems (Edusense, ClassGaze, and Moodoo) and then present data analyses of five case studies of relevant pedagogical research questions across these sensing systems. We demonstrate how Edulyze’s flexibility and customizability allow us to answer a broad range of research questions made possible by Edulyze’s translation of a breadth of raw sensing data from different sensing systems into relevant classroom analytics.
A GLOSSARY OF LEGAL TERMS IN A SCENARIO-BASED JUDICIAL CONTEXT
Authors: Zaman Mochamad Nuruz , Nugraha Reza Sukma
Published: August 2024

The use of English in judicial interactions has increased during court proceedings. A glossary is necessary to design bilingual usage in the context of real-life scenarios. This study is grounded in two theoretical foundations: legal terminology and an ethnographic approach. Qualitative research is employed to investigate the cases presented in the issue. Data are obtained through document analysis and interviews containing technical terms related to the field of judiciary and its scenarios. The data are analyzed using domain, componential, taxonomy, and cultural themes to implement the glossary design based on interviews with language practitioners in the judicial domain. Ten data samples are presented to consider the context, connotations, and clarity of the translations in judicial practice. The findings of this research indicate that implementing an ethnographic approach in designing a scenario-based bilingual legal terminology glossary has significant benefits in ensuring the appropriateness and accuracy of translating legal terms between Indonesian and English.
LANGUAGE SKILLS AND SUCCESSFUL MISSION OF UN PEACEKEEPERS: A CASE STUDY OF ACEHNESE POLICEWOMEN
Authors: Pouye Mamadou , Maksum Ali
Published: August 2024

UN peacekeeping operations rely on international cooperation to constitute competitive female peacekeepers. Meanwhile, Indonesia is an active contributor to global peace, yet its women peacekeepers dealt with linguistic challenges to participate in peacekeeping missions in French-speaking countries. This article investigates the exhaustive intellectual and physical performances of a policewoman from Banda Aceh to take part in the MINUSCA ( United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic) 2020-2021. This paper aims to illustrate the theory of feminism by using a descriptive qualitative analysis. In UN peacekeeping missions, having female peacekeepers is crucial for ensuring gender-balanced representation. This study describes how the determinism of the female gender through personal commitment, self-engagement, and motivation is as valuable as the male gender. The data are collected via recorded Zoom meetings. The findings revealed the components of French language proficiency for MINUSCA, learning activities, the Indonesian policewoman’s experiences in learning French, and French language teaching andlearning issues that needed to be addressed in Banda Aceh. In addition, this article underlines factual issues on the absence of an official French language academy in Banda Aceh. Addressing those issues will contribute to maximizing Indonesian human resources for global peace.
EXPERIENCES OF UNDERGRADUATE HEALTH COMPLETION STUDENTS IN SOCIAL WORK UNDERGRADUATE DEPARTMENTS
Authors: Arslan Özdemir Ezgi , Şahindokuyucu Hatice , Elliki Emine , Uca Fatma Rabia
Published: August 2024

With this research, within the scope of the undergraduate completion program in health initiated by High Education Board in 2015, 19 qualitative semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with snowball sampling in order to determine the experiences of undergraduate completion students placed in social work departments of state universities. There is not enough research on the experiences and problems of the students in this context. Therefore, the experiences of students in this context are important for the future of social work education. It was observed that social work students within the scope of the undergraduate completion program chose the department consciously and knew about social work. However, it has been revealed
that undergraduate completion students have difficulties in their education life, find the lessons difficult, and encounter prejudiced attitudes and behaviors of their classmates and academic staff. In order for social work education to be inclusive and free from discrimination and prejudice due to the focus of the profession, it is recommended that research and improvement activities be carried out with undergraduate completion students and lecturers.
Condições e possibilidades da pesquisa em sociologia no Brasil
Authors: Barreto Mariana , Bastide Roger
Published: August 2024

A intervenção de Roger Bastide no I Congresso Brasileiro de Sociologia traz uma síntese, agrupada em quatro tópicos, sobre os problemas mais urgentes implicados no desenvolvimento da pesquisa em sociologia no Brasil, naquele ano de 1954. Sua contribuição reflexiva tem o mérito, apesar das conhecidas assimetrias, de não perder de vista a inserção do Brasil num quadro comparativo ampliado. A atualidade dos entraves identificados, bem como das “contribuições práticas” para superá-los, fazem do paper de Bastide um documento a ser sempre lido e relido.
Novel Variant of FDXR as a Molecular Etiology of Postlingual Post-synaptic Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder via Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Reiteration of the Correlation between Genotype and Cochlear Implantation Outcomes
Authors: Kim Bong Jik , Kim Yujin , Kim Ju Ang , Han Jin Hee , Kim Min Young , Yang Hee Kyung , Rhee Chae-Seo , Kang Young Cheol , Kim Chun-Hyung , Choi Byung Yoon
Published: August 2024

Objectives. FDXR encodes mitochondrial ferredoxin reductase, which is associated with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) and optic atrophy. To date, only two studies have described FDXR-related hearing loss. The auditory rehabilitation outcomes of this disease entity have not been investigated, and the pathophysiological mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here we report a hearing-impaired individual with co-segregation of the FDXR variant and post-synaptic type ANSD, who underwent cochlear implantation (CI) with favorable outcomes. We suggest a possible pathophysiological mechanism of adult-onset ANSD involving mitochondrial dysfunction.Methods. A 35-year-old woman was ascertained to have ANSD. Exome sequencing identified the genetic cause of hearing loss, and a functional study measuring mitochondrial activity was performed to provide molecular evidence of pathophysiology. Expression of FDXR in the mouse cochlea was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Intraoperatively, electrically evoked compound action potential (ECAP) responses were measured, and the mapping parameters were adjusted accordingly. Audiological outcomes were monitored for over 1 year.Results. In lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) carrying a novel FDXR variant, decreased ATP levels, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased reactive oxygen species levels were observed compared to control LCLs. These dysfunctions were restored by administering mitochondria isolated from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, confirming the pathogenic potential of this variant via mitochondrial dysfunction. Partial ECAP responses during CI and FDXR expression in the mouse cochlea indicate that FDXR-related ANSD is post-synaptic. As a result of increasing the pulse width during mapping, the patient’s CI outcomes showed significant improvement over 1-year post-CI.Conclusion. A novel FDXR variant associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and post-synaptic ANSD was first identified in a Korean individual. Additionally, 1-year post-CI outcomes were reported for the first time in the literature. Excellent audiologic results were obtained, and our results reiterate the correlation between genotype and CI outcomes in ANSD.
Unveiling the Angular Momentum of Dark Matter Halos with Motion of Satellite Galaxies
Authors: Li Ran , Guo Qi , Gu Qing , Zhu Kai , Gao Liang , Shao Shi , Yang Hang , Yu Haoran
Published: August 2024

Dark matter halos are spun up by tidal torques originating from large-scale structures, resulting in an average spin parameter—a dimensionless measure of halo angular momentum—of approximately 0.04. Measurement of this angular momentum is crucial for validating the ΛCDM model and understanding the evolution of fundamental characteristics of the galaxy such as morphology and size. However, due to the invisible nature of dark matter, measuring the actual value angular momentum of dark halos is challenging. Here we report the first measurement for the value of angular momentum of dark matter haloes using a novel methodology. By stacking the orbital motions of satellite galaxies according to the projected rotation axes of their central galaxies, we calculate the projected orbital angular momentum of these satellites. This value is then converted into the intrinsic angular momentum of the dark matter halos using a conversion factor obtained from sophisticated hydrodynamical simulations. Applying this method to a selection of galaxy groups and clusters from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), we observe dark matter halo spins ranging between 0.0025 and 0.066 for halos with masses from [1012.5,1014] M⊙. These results are in excellent agreement with the predictions from the widely accepted ΛCDM model, thus substantiating a fundamental aspect of the theory of structure formation.
Rational Design and Synthesis of Matrine Containing Coumarin Derivatives as Hsp90 (NTD&CTD) Isoform selective Inhibitors for the Treatment of Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Kowah Jamal A.H , Guan Chenxi , Jiang Meiyan , Gao Ruobing , Li Yufang , Han Keyan , Qiu Gan , Yan Suzhen , Wang Lisheng , Liu Xu
Published: August 2024

Matrine serves as the molecular backbone, targeting the Hsp90 protein N-terminal domain (NTD) and C-terminal domain (CTD), both highly expressed in lung tumor cells. In this study, Matrine Contains Coumarins derivatives were designed and synthesized based on our previously reported compound C. Employing primary structure-activity relationships and docking analysis, a series of derivatives were biologically assessed for their antiproliferative effects against three cancer cell lines: A549, HepG-2, and HeLa cells. Based on the bioactivity results, derivative 5a emerged as the most potent, significantly enhancing antiproliferation against A549, HepG-2, and HeLa cells, with IC50 values of 7.35 ± 0.097, 7.727 ± 0.10, and 8.02 ± 0.065 µM, respectively. Subsequent mechanistic investigations confirmed 5a's ability to inhibit A549 cell proliferation and suppress colony formation and migration. In in vivo studies utilizing a xenograft mouse model inoculated with A549 cells in female Balb/c nude mice, compound 5a displayed superior antitumor activity compared to reference compounds 5-Fluorouracil and Matrine. Notably, the tumor growth inhibition (TGI) values for 5a, 5-Fluorouracil, and Matrine were 72.4%, 64.3%, and 46.8%, respectively.
CdS Quantum Dots Induced Surface Modification of ZnO Nanorods for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: MORE KRANTIVEER VILAS , Dongale Tukaram D. , Patil Prashant P. , Kamat Prof. Rajanish K. , Kadam Sunil J. , Delekar Prof. Sagar D.
Published: August 2024

In this study, zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NRs) were fabricated utilizing a straightforward sol-gel process at ambient temperature. They were then used as photoanode material in the production of a sandwich-type sensitized solar cell device. Scanning electron microscopy was utilized in order to investigate the morphologies and average particle sizes, respectively. After the preparation of a binder-free ZnO NRs thin film, CdS quantum dots (QDs) were subsequently incorporated into the material. ZnO NRs with modified CdS QDs have distinct structural and optoelectronic properties than ZnO NRs without the CdS QD modification. With the use of the N719 dye, a modified ZnO NRs-CdS QDs photoanode was sensitized. An optical investigation showed that the sensitization of CdS QDs on to ZnO NRs led to a red-shift in the material. At the same time, the absorbed N719 dye molecule further boosts the visible light, which can significantly increase the overall efficiency of a solar device. It was found that the solar cell performance of the one and alone N719-sensitized ZnO NRs device (ZnO-N719) was significantly lower than that of a CdS QDs-modified ZnO-N719 device. Solar cell properties were improved by using a hybrid (ZnO-CdS QDs -N719 dye) solar cell operating at 100 mW/cm2 AM 1.5G.
The ‘Gredouno’ Cross Target: A new tool adapted to control Glossina palpalis gambiensis in the mangrove forests of Guinea
Authors: Kagbadouno Moïse , Camara Abdoulaye Dansy , Bart Jean-Mathieu , Solano Philippe , Bucheton Bruno , Camara Mamadou , Grébaut Pascal
Published: August 2024

In the mangrove of Guinea, where the most active foci of Human African Trypanosomiasis in West Africa are located, vector control against tsetse flies using insecticide impregnated tiny targets was first introduced in 2012. While annual deployments of Tiny Targets have resulted in an overall 90% reduction in tsetse fly densities in control areas, managing tsetse densities in specific biotopes like mangrove channels, which are susceptible to significant climatic disturbances, presents greater challenges. Thus, a new three-dimensional model called the Cross Target was designed to address this situation. In a first phase, we evaluated the attractiveness of the Cross Target along with three other devices (the Tiny Target, the biconical trap and the pyramidal trap) in a latin square design. In a second phase, we assessed the efficacy of the Tiny Target and the Cross Target to control tsetse densities in a pilot field study led in two adjacent mangrove channels. In the latin square study, the Cross Target was significantly more attractive than the other devices with catch index of 1.6 (p = 0.03); 2.2 (p = 0.004) and 2.4 (p = 0.003) as compared to the biconical trap, the Tiny Target and the pyramidal trap respectively. In the pilot experimental field evaluation, the Cross Target also showed its superiority with tsetse densities reduction reaching 90% fifteen months after the initial deployment whereas densities remained high in the channel where Tiny Targets were deployed. This study underscores the superiority of the new three-dimensional Cross Target in terms of attractiveness to tsetse flies and its resilience to climatic disturbances as compared to the conventional Tiny Target. The Cross Target presents a promising solution to enhance vector control effectiveness in challenging environments such as mangroves or other hard-to-access areas where target maintenance is particularly difficult.
Fracturing as a sample preparation method of basalt for SEM analysis
Authors: Gembitskaya I. , Vasilev E. , Kalina V. , Nagornov O.
Published: August 2024

The article discusses a method for preparing basalts for HR-SEM analysis. This method involves fracturing samples under identical conditions using an Izod pendulum. Fractures propagate in a sample mainly along the grain boundaries; its cross pores and mineral inclusions, which are stress concentrators. That is why submicron mineral gains are revealed on fracture surfaces rather than on polished surfaces. Surfaces of fresh fracture were studied in basalt samples from the Etna vents and Tolbachik fissure zone. Crystals with zinc, copper, nickel, sulfur, and iron were found on surfaces of fresh fracture. The morphology was revealed of submicron crystals of apatite, orthopyroxene, spinel, and copper sulfide. These crystals have not been found on polished thin sections of the specimens, since they were not brought to the surface or were chipped out. The morphology of submicron inclusions in orthopyroxene and olivine were shown. The fracture surface, in contrast to the thin section surface, retains more information on zoning in rock-forming minerals. Features of the accessory minerals distribution, the morphology of crystals in pores, and the compound of minerals inside inclusions are presented more reliably on the fracture surface. The authors propose to introduce the fracture surface study into petrogenetic research.
Exploring the hub genes and potential mechanisms of complement system-related genes in Parkinson disease: based on transcriptome sequencing and Mendelian randomization
Authors: Wang Xin , Yang Gaoming , Lai Yali , Li Yuanyuan , Liu Xindong
Published: August 2024

An accurate diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains challenging and the exact cause of the disease is unclean. The aims are to identify hub genes associated with the complement system in PD and to explore their underlying molecular mechanisms. Initially, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and key module genes related to PD were mined through differential expression analysis and WGCNA. Then, differentially expressed CSRGs (DE-CSRGs) were obtained by intersecting the DEGs, key module genes and CSRGs. Subsequently, MR analysis was executed to identify genes causally associated with PD. Based on genes with significant MR results, the expression level and diagnostic performance verification were achieved to yield hub genes. Functional enrichment and immune infiltration analyses were accomplished to insight into the pathogenesis of PD. qRT-PCR was employed to evaluate the expression levels of hub genes. After MR analysis and related verification, CD93, CTSS, PRKCD and TLR2 were finally identified as hub genes. Enrichment analysis indicated that the main enriched pathways for hub genes. Immune infiltration analysis found that the hub genes showed significant correlation with a variety of immune cells (such as myeloid-derived suppressor cell and macrophage). In the qRT-PCR results, the expression levels of CTSS, PRKCD and TLR2 were consistent with those we obtained from public databases. Hence, we mined four hub genes associated with complement system in PD which provided novel perspectives for the diagnosis and treatment of PD.
Early Warning Study of Field Station Process Safety Based on VMD-CNN-LSTM-Self-Attention for Natural Gas Load Prediction
Authors: Zhao Wei , Shao Bilin , Tian Ning , Zhang Weng , Zhao Xue , Wu Shuqiang
Published: August 2024

As a high-risk production unit, natural gas supply enterprises are increasingly recognizing the need to enhance production safety management. Traditional process warning methods, which rely on fixed alarm values, often fail to adequately account for dynamic changes in the production process. To address this issue, this study utilizes deep learning techniques to enhance the accuracy and reliability of natural gas load forecasting. By considering the benefits and feasibility of integrating multiple models, a VMD-CNN-LSTM-Self-Attention interval prediction method was innovatively proposed and developed. Empirical research was conducted using data from natural gas field station outgoing loads. The primary model constructed is a deep learning model for interval prediction of natural gas loads, which implements a graded alarm mechanism based on 85%, 90%, and 95% confidence intervals of real-time observations. This approach represents a novel strategy for enhancing enterprise safety production management. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms traditional warning models, reducing MAE, MAPE, MESE, and REMS by 1.13096m3/h, 1.3504%, 7.6363m3/h, 1.6743m3/h, respectively, while improving R2 by 0.04698. These findings are expected to offer valuable insights for enhancing safe production management in the natural gas industry and provide new perspectives for the industry's digital and intelligent transformation.
Sustainable Development of Strategic Regions in Urban Spaces: A Comparison Study of Rail Transit Central Stations Planning in China
Authors: Xin Jin , Wang Zelin , Deng Xin , Su Jiafu
Published: August 2024

Sustainable urbanization has entered an intensive land development phase in China. Current rail transit developments are forcing urbanization researchers to focus on conflicts with the built environment. In order to achieve resource systematization and spatial intensification, this paper explores regional transformation in Chengdu, a "new first-tier" city in China. Research objects are selected based on the fact that these areas have rail transit systems that interact with existing built-up areas and there is an intent for intensive urbanization. Studies reveal that compact city development is closely associated with transit-oriented development (TOD). In the strategic region of central stations, disorderly land use has been exacerbated by unclear pathways for density growth and functional combination patterns. More research parameters and thresholds are needed to construct a quantitative framework and construction standards, while drawing on Shanghai's successful development in strategic areas of central stations, which is aligned with China's national conditions. Therefore, based on the quantification objectives of density and function derived from the compact city theory, this paper explores the differences in intensive urbanization indicators between the strategic region of central stations of Chengdu and Shanghai, and analyzes the indicator thresholds for different regional types (new urban areas and old urban areas) according to the principles of normal distribution, providing quantitative support for the intensive development of strategic region of central stations in Chengdu.
Brevibacterium litoralis sp. nov., a cellulose-degrading strain isolated from marine surface sediment
Authors: Yang Quan , Zhao Aolin , Liu Haifei , Li Jiawei , Wu Shujing , Huang Ying , Weng Jie , Jiang Mingguo , Jiang Yi
Published: August 2024

A Gram stain-positive, non-spore-forming, non-motile, short-rod actinomyces strain GXQ1321T was isolated from maritime surface sediments in Beihai(11°46′21.11″N, 109°62′56.25″E), Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and a number of categorization studies were performed. Following a period of 72 hours of incubation at a temperature of 30°C within an actinomycetes culture medium, the colony was yellow, circular, smooth, central bulge, convex, opaque, with a 1.8-3.0 mm diameter. Strain GXQ1321T has the ability to produce amylase and cellulase. Chemotaxonomic studies revealed that the major menaquinone in strain GXQ1321T is MK-8. The most prevalent cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C19:0 (27.28%), anteiso-C15:0 (18.97%), anteiso-C17:0 (15.95%), and iso-C16:0 (12.21%). The whole-cell sugars of the strain GXQ1321T identified were rhamnose, xylose and glucose. Strain GXQ1321T exhibited the presence of meso-diaminopimelic acid (m-DAP) as a distinctive cell-wall diamino acid, and the polar lipids were identified as diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), three phosphoglycolipid (PGL), phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and two unknown glycolipid (UG). This strain had 69.6% DNA G + C content. Strain GXQ1321T is classified as Brevibacterium based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence. It is closely related to Brevibacterium samyangense SST-8T (96.77%) and Brevibacterium rongguiense 5221T (96.32%). The results showed that the average nucleotide identity (ANI) values of GXQ1321T and the above two strain tyoes were 73.91–77.14%, and the digital DNA-DNA hybridisation (dDDH) values were 15.3–21.1%. Based on the phylogenetic, chemotaxonomi and physiologicalc data, strain GXQ1321T was considered to be a new species of the genus Brevibacterium, named Brevibacterium litoralis sp. nov, with the type strain GXQ1321T (= MCCC 1K08964T = KCTC 59167T).
Prevalence and Clinical Associations of Relative Anterior Microphthalmos assessed with an Optical Biometer
Authors: Annopawong Kornkamol , Sriyuttag Wararee , Chainakul Methaphon , Arjkongharn Niracha , Seresirikachorn Kasem , Kongsomboon Kittipong , Wanichwecharungruang Boonsong
Published: August 2024

Background/Objective:
Relative anterior microphthalmos (RAM) is a rare ocular condition characterized by disproportionately small anterior segments but normal axial length (corneal diameter < 11 mm and axial length > 20 mm). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of RAM and its association with glaucoma utilizing IOL Master 700 data (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany).
Subject/Methods:
A retrospective analysis was conducted of the biometric parameters of 6,407 eyes, and 115 cases of RAM were identified. The incidence of glaucoma was assessed, together with the outcomes of cataract surgery in cases of RAM with glaucoma.
Results
RAM prevalence was 1.8%. RAM patients had a higher incidence of glaucoma (26.1%), notably of the angle-closure subtype. Cataract surgery significantly reduced intraocular pressure in cases of RAM with glaucoma; however, RAM patients experienced a higher rate of surgical complications.
Conclusion
RAM poses clinical challenges due to its association with glaucoma and increased surgical risks. This study emphasizes the importance of advanced diagnostic tools such as the IOL Master in tailoring interventions to optimize patient outcomes.
Automated Methodologies for Evaluating Lying, Hallucinations, and Bias in Large Language Models
Authors: Ecurali George , Thackeray Zelie
Published: August 2024

As large language models become integral to various applications, ensuring the reliability and impartiality of their outputs is of paramount importance. The proposed methodologies for evaluating truthfulness, hallucinations, and bias in AI models represent a significant advancement, offering an automated and objective approach to validation without human intervention. Automated fact-checking systems, synthetic datasets, consistency analysis, and bias detection algorithms were integrated to provide a comprehensive evaluation framework. Results from these experiments indicated high accuracy in identifying truthful information, robust discernment of true versus false statements, stable performance across diverse scenarios, and effective mitigation of biases. These findings highlight the potential for enhancing AI reliability and fairness, contributing to the development of more trustworthy AI systems. Future research directions include expanding reference databases, refining synthetic datasets, and improving bias detection techniques to further enhance model evaluations.
. Water disinfection through ultraviolet radiation and ultrasonic treatment
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Irkutsk State University”, Silow E.A.
Published: August 2024

The article deals with features and possibilities of using physical methods of ultraviolet radiation and ultrasonic treatment for disinfecting contaminated waters. The conclusions about the ineffectiveness of these methods in terms of high energy consumption, the lack of synergistic effects, and the danger of destruction of technical devices from their impacts are analyzed. The review of the recent Russian and foreign studies has revealed the effectiveness of disinfecting industrial wastewater from various pathogenic organisms using ultraviolet and ultrasonic impacts. It is concluded that a combination of these methods in water treatment gives positive results.