bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EGovernment : an assessment and comparison of electronic births, deaths and marriages information and services provision between countries
Authors:   , Hamill Louise Erena
Published: November 2021

The extent to which countries have developed eGovernment, and the policies to implement and control the development of eGovernment, requires consideration. Whilst eGovernment exists in some form in many countries there has been little examination of its implementation and management, and how it compares between countries. This research is a contribution to the emerging eGovernment theory. There has been a proliferation in the print media of articles on the benefits and possibilities of eGovernment. Where eGovernment exists, consideration needs to be m ade of the reality as opposed to government and media hype and enthusiasm. This research examines eGovernment in a number of countries by focusing on a core government service, the agency responsible for births, deaths and marriages. Selected countries are compared and the electronic Births, Deaths and Marriages service provided by each country is related to the policies and standards they have in place for the development and control of eGovernment. Results show that eGovernment is still primarily an information medium. EGovernment, as seen through EBDM, has made little progression in terms of service provision. The development of eGovernment policy within government and the development of technology and customer service expectations in the business environment will contribute to the development of eGovernment customer service.
Fiction readers' advisory services in New Zealand public libraries : an investigation into how personal reading habits and other factors affect the confidence of library staff who answer adult or young adult fiction readers' advisory queries
Authors:   , Bain Angela Catherine
Published: November 2021

Fiction readers' advisory is the act of assisting a library borrower to find their next piece of fiction to read for leisure purposes. This is a significant part of public library work for staff members who work face-to-face with library borrowers. The confidence of library staff members who provide these services is therefore an important issue. It was hypothesised that a number of factors would influence the confidence of staff who answer fiction readers' advisory enquiries, including the amount and kind of pleasure reading undertaken, library size, years of library experience, and training. An online questionnaire was used to survey a sample of frontline public library staff members in New Zealand to gather data about readers' advisory services in public libraries in this country, as very little research has been undertaken here in this area. There was an excellent response to the survey invitation, and 130 completed questionnaires were received. Survey respondents' confidence about answering fiction readers' advisory enquiries was positively correlated with several factors, including amount and breadth of personal reading, length of public library service, kind of training received, and number of readers' advisory tools available. Negative correlations were suggested between library qualifications and confidence, and library size and confidence. Other factors which may influence confidence were also identified, such as library staff morale, having sufficient time for answering enquiries properly, and time for pleasure reading.
Examining the Adoption and Use of Graphic Novels as a Learning Resource in Hamilton Schools
Authors:   , Walker Bryony Anne
Published: November 2021

Graphic novels have grown in popularity during last 20 years. A growing band of supporters are advocating for graphic novels to be used in both public libraries and schools. However, research into this area in New Zealand is limited. This study investigated the current situation by exploring how Hamilton teachers and school librarians were utilising graphic novels and their experiences during these activities. A qualitative approach of semi-structured interviews with volunteer participants was chosen in order to solicit rich information on the phenomenon. The study found the use of graphic novels in schools was an emerging phenomenon and the format was being used to a limited extent. However, both teachers and librarians felt they were a successful learning tool with many benefits for students. These included increased enthusiasm and engagement from students, in particular boys and reluctant readers, a focus on visual literacy skills, and connections with popular culture. All participants recommended graphic novels have a place in schools in the future, highlighting the potential they have as a legitimate learning resource. This study recommends graphic novels continue to be used in schools or be adopted by those schools without them. It also recommends schools select a wide range of graphic novel genres in order to cater to the needs of the variety of students identified as responding positively to the format.
Searching for tupuna : whakapapa researchers and public libraries
Authors:   , Tamaira Moata Nicola
Published: November 2021

Genealogists are frequent users of public libraries and other institutions that hold historical material. In recent years research has investigated the information needs of this group, the motivating factors behind their involvement in this hobby. Attempts have also been made to compile a "profile" of the typical genealogist. Research in this area has been done in response to the long association genealogists have had with libraries and in acknowledgement of the growing popularity of this pastime. Similar research methodologies as have been used overseas have been utilised in this piece of research with respect to genealogists in New Zealand, specifically those researching the family history of Maori, the indigenous people of that country. In traditional Maori culture great significance is placed on family history or whakapapa. This study aimed to investigate to what degree the use of public libraries by genealogists researching this cultural group reflected findings of library use and information seeking behaviour of genealogists in other cultural environments. Whakapapa research may be undertaken by genealogists who do not have Maori ancestors, or tupuna, themselves and these library users still fall within the scope of this study. Data was collected by using printed questionnaires distributed to public libraries in New Zealand, as well as a printable version of the questionnaire that was made available online .
dwelling + design: exploring the potential for dwelling to inform media design with the installation dark; and the light
Authors:   , Crowe Meredith
Published: November 2021

The theory of dwelling is a valuable topic for media designers to explore in order to further our understanding of the connection individuals make with designs. This research suggests that to promote dwelling successfully, digital design must prompt people to understand it in essence and balance, must encourage private or communal reflection and development, and must encourage people to connect meaningfully with the design; this manifests by people caring for it and being conscious of it. dwelling + design explores the theory of dwelling as research through design and research for design; through the interactive installation dark; and the light. Dwelling is discussed with reference to three main philosophers; Martin Heidegger, Christian Norberg-Schulz, and Pavlos Lefas. As a wider investigation of how dwelling can inform design practice, the theory is also investigated both as an informative theory for creative practice and an attitude that can be embraced by people when receiving or encountering creativity. dwelling + design finds that dwelling is valuable to designers as an attitude towards the design process, but has limited success as an informer of aesthetics or as an intended experience for participants.
Study on the use of information by chiropractors
Authors:   , Dawson Penelope Jane
Published: November 2021

A study of the use of information by chiropractors in New Zealand was undertaken in order to produce guidelines for the establishment of library services to practitioners, and to fill a gap in the body of user studies knowledge. This study used a survey to collect data which was then analysed using descriptive statistics. It was found that: The library will need to market its services strongly to the practitioners Chiropractors are different to orthodox medical practitioners in that they use monographs more than journals and colleagues, but are similar to medical physicians because they rarely use libraries and prefer using their own personal collection . Electronic information use is low in spite of high computer use and will therefore need special marketing and training to create awareness and use. There does not seem to be a need for special recent graduate services as there is no significant linear relationship between professional age and print information use Rural chiropractors and urban chiropractors do not use electronic information any differently, so will probably not need special training or services in this area. They can be accommodated into services as a group.
Impact of digital reference on the delivery of reference in New Zealand public libraries
Authors:   , Barnaby Suzanne Alison
Published: November 2021

This study looks at digital reference services in New Zealand public libraries to find out what types of services are being provided and what impact they are having on traditional reference services. A survey was sent to twenty-seven selected public libraries with a further sixteen selected libraries added after a low response rate from the first group, to collect information on their digital reference services. The libraries included large, medium and small and were selected from all areas of New Zealand. A questionnaire was used to collect the information and the data was statistically analysed. All large and the majority of medium selected libraries are providing a digital reference service in the form of email or web form. Four of the large libraries are participating in AnyQuestions - a virtual reference service for New Zealand school children, and one large library has their own virtual service. The low response rate and deficiencies in the survey design have resulted in inconclusive results for this study. We know libraries are providing digital reference services and we know something about how the services are provided, but it is still unclear whether these services are having an impact on traditional reference services.
New Zealand's award winning children's books 1982-1992 : is there any correlation between adult choice and children's preferences
Authors:   , Beckingsale Helen
Published: November 2021

This is a study of New Zealand children's book awards from 1982-1992. It compares the popularity of award winning and shortlisted titles for the Esther Glen and Russell Clark Awards, administered by the New Zealand Library Association, the Government Printer Awards for Children's Book of the Year and Picture Book of the Year, 1982-1988, and the first three years of the AIM Children's Book Awards when there were two categories only. The popularity of the books has been assessed using borrowing records from North Shore Public Libraries. A brief overview is given of the history of children's book awards and what qualities are considered to make a good children's book and which geres are most popular. Judges comments, reviews and the popularity rank of each book are presented in a year by year analysis. The study concludes that fantasy, followed by realism are the most popular genres and that historical fiction written during this time has been unpopular with library borrowers. The readership of some picture books has been affected by their non-fiction classification. There is a strong preference for particular authors and author/illustrators regardless of which books have won awards.
Community standards in New Zealand public libraries : an exploratory study
Authors:   , Sullivan Max Thomas
Published: November 2021

Community standards have been discussed by many authors but none have attempted to investigate their application in public libraries. Public libraries aim to provide information that covers all viewpoints; such information is likely to contain views and opinions that are offensive to many members of the community. The problem of how public librarians define the standards of their communities was central to this research project. In order to investigate this problem a series of interviews were conducted and supported with library policy documents supplied by interviewees. A number of sub topics were also investigated, including how librarians deal with challenging items and whether librarians use any tools or resources to help define community standards. Analysis of interviews and policy documents found that librarians were not able to comprehensively define the standards of their communities. Librarians were divided over whether the demographic differences within their communities had any impact on the standards of their communities
Gender Equality – A Feel Good Norm?: Divergence between Rhetoric and Practice in the EU's Development Policy towards the Pacific Islands
Authors:   , Schnellecke Katia
Published: November 2021

As one of the world’s largest donors, the European Union provides development assistance to the Pacific Island Countries. At the same time, the EU actively promotes its own values and principles toward the Island Countries as part of the development cooperation with the region. In taking on the role of a norm promoter, the EU promotes its core values in the Pacific region such as democracy, good governance, the rule of law, and also gender equality. The Union is committed the promotion of equal treatment and equal opportunities for women and men. The norm is emphasised and promoted in all development strategies for the Pacific region and in the agreements with the Island countries. But how committed is the EU to gender equality when it comes to the active promotion of the norm in the development projects for the Pacific Islands?  This thesis investigates the divergence between the EU’s rhetoric and practice when it comes to the promotion of gender equality in its development policy towards the Pacific region. An analysis of the Union’s rhetoric promotion of gender equality and practical support of the norm in the development projects for the Pacific region provides clear evidence for a gap between the EU’s intentions and reality. Whereas the norm is actively promoted throughout the EU’s strategies and agreements with the Pacific region, gender equality is neglected in the plans for most of the development projects.  This thesis argues that the successful promotion of gender equality is hindered by internal and external barriers as well as the EU’s fragmented composition into different units and actors, that pursue a policies based on norms as well as for interest-related reasons. The identified divergence between the EU’s intentions and reality has a crucial impact on its role as a norm promoter: it undermines its power as a normative actor and its legitimacy to shape the concept of normal.
From Users to Choosers: the Change in Employee Technology Expectations
Authors:   , Clarke David J
Published: November 2021

This research looks at the motivation for using non-sanctioned technologies within a business context; that is, using Information Technology (IT) systems other than those provided (or approved) by the IT department. In this research, the non-sanctioned IT systems of primary interest are the internet based applications, but also includes personally owned hardware devices such as laptops, tablets and smartphones. This qualitative study used the key informant approach to gain an understanding of the subject using a semi-structured interview format. The results show that employees in knowledge based roles are choosing their own technology tools when they believe that they give them better functionality or flexibility over those offered and approved by the traditional IT department. Graduates and other millennial employees are found to be using non-sanctioned systems more frequently than older workers; millennials are also far more likely to use whatever application or device they want, regardless of the source or what corporate IT policies stated. The use of these non-sanctioned technologies should be a source concern to IT management because many of these can circumvent the organisations security and data management governance policies, giving the potential for data loss or unwanted exposure, regulatory compliance failure or have undesirable legal implications. The results also suggest that IT departments do not have the resources to keep up with the rate of change in technology. At the same time, the users of their services are able to obtain technology solutions from a range of other sources. This may mean a change in the role of the IT department as it loses its position as the technology gatekeeper.
From Printed Score to Performance: Access and Collaboration in the New Zealand Orchestral Community
Authors:   , Bryant Michelle Marie
Published: November 2021

Research into the practical needs and activities of orchestra librarians in New Zealand is rare. This study explores how orchestra librarians and conductors search for, access and manage printed music for the orchestras' players. The constraints of access and availability and the collaborative relationships that enable the sharing of resources are also examined. The research uses a qualitative approach with data collected from open-ended interview questions with eighteen participants who come from professional and amateur orchestras and the National Library of New Zealand. The findings show that orchestras in New Zealand access music from many different sources and the National Library plays a key role in this activity. The groups face constraints in accessing contemporary music (except New Zealand music) due to cost and copyright issues and there are constraints relating to the condition and use of printed hire music. The report concludes that there is a need for a national orchestra association in New Zealand to provide support for both amateur and professional orchestras. Cataloguing projects to increase the visibility and access of existing music resources and training programmes for performance librarians are other areas that are considered.
Information literacy : how do librarians and academics work in partnership to deliver effective learning programmes?
Authors:   , Ivey Ruth
Published: November 2021

The growing awareness in universities of the need to produce graduates who are information literate is resulting in the need for academics and librarians to provide learning programmes that develop students' information literacy. Unfortunately, little detail about the operation of information literacy programmes and the teaching partnerships between librarians and academics is reported in the literature. So a qualitative study was conducted at The University of Waikato to investigate how librarians and academics have worked together to develop students' information literacy. The study also sought to identify factors that influence the development and sustainability of successful collaborative partnerships. The results showed that the effectiveness of information literacy programmes depends on a shared understanding of information literacy theory by the teaching partners, as well as the allocation of appropriate resourcing to develop and deliver the programmes. Good communication systems and positive working relationships between the partners are some conditions that were found to be essential to the success of collaborative teaching partnerships, and useful strategies were identified for initiating, developing, and sustaining those partnerships.
Ion-size effects on cuprate High Temperature Superconductors
Authors:   , Mallett Benjamin Patrick Pennington
Published: November 2021

The cuprates are a family of strongly electronically-correlated materials which exhibit high-temperature superconductivity. There has been a vast amount of research into the cuprates since their discovery in 1986, yet despite this research effort, the origins of their electronic phases are not completely understood. In this thesis we focus on a little known paradox to progress our understanding of the physics of these materials.   There are two general ways to compress the cuprates, by external pressure or by internal pressure as induced by isovalent-ion substitution. Paradoxically, they have the opposite effect on the superconducting transition temperature. This thesis seeks to understand the salient difference between these two pressures.  We study three families of cuprates where the ion size can be systematically altered; Bi₂(Sr₁.₆₋xAx)Ln₀.₄CuO₆₊δ, ACuO₂ and LnBa₂−xSrxCu₃O₇₋δ where Ln is a Lanthenide or Y and A={Mg,Ca,Sr,Ba}. We utilise a variety of techniques to explore different aspects of our paradox, for example; Raman spectroscopy to measure the antiferromagnetic superexchange energy and energy gaps, Density Functional Theory to calculate the density of states, Muon Spin Relaxation to measure the superfluid density as well as a variety of more conventional techniques to synthesize and characterise our samples.  Our Raman studies show that an energy scale for spin fluctuations cannot resolve the different effect of the two pressures. Similarly the density of states close to the Fermi-energy, while an important property, does not clearly resolve the paradox. From our superfluid density measurements we have shown that the disorder resulting from isovalent-ion substitution is secondary in importance for the superconducting transition temperature.  Instead, we find that the polarisability is a key property of the cuprates with regard to superconductivity. This understanding resolves the paradox! It implies that electron pairing in the cuprates results from either (i) a short-range interaction where the polarisability screens repulsive longer-range interactions and/or (ii) the relatively unexplored idea of the exchange of quantized, coherent polarisation waves in an analogous fashion to phonons in the conventional theory of superconductivity. More generally, we have also demonstrated the utility of studying ion-size effects to further our collective understanding of the cuprates.
Visual Histories: Amateur Film in New Zealand c.1923-1970
Authors:   , Paul Jane
Published: November 2021

Many ordinary New Zealanders made amateur films between c.1923-1970. This thesis explores the types of films they made; home movies, community films and films made by members of amateur cine clubs. The discussion focuses on the making, showing and viewing of each of these types of films. Some were shown in private home or club situations, while other films were shown publicly. As a group of films and film practises they offer a valuable source of information on social and cultural history. Their construction differs from orthodox professional film and offers important alternate views of New Zealand society. The sub-genre of amateur film are numerous. Films discussed include newsreels and scripted narrative drama made by amateur cine club members either working alone or in groups. Others under discussion are local films, political films, mountaineering films, educational, instructional and promotional film. The influences on amateur filmmaking are considered: camera company marketing and amateur film manuals, the international amateur film movement and the competition focused cine club culture. The thesis uses four main collections to discuss aspects of amateur filmmaking. These are the films of James Osler of Wairoa, Frederick Thorn of Waiuta, Amos James Smith of Rangiora and Nancy Cameron of Whanganui, all held at the New Zealand Film Archive, Wellington.
Japanese Garden Houses: Strategies for creating an interface with nature in New Zealand's urban dwellings
Authors:   , Shillington Erin
Published: November 2021

New Zealanders have a proud tradition of living close to nature (clean and green). This high interface with nature in traditional New Zealand dwellings is referred to as the “quarter-acre dream” by Mitchell (1972). However, the recent intensification of New Zealand cities has resulted in higher-density, multi-unit dwellings that have little interface with nature. As Auckland alone is expected to require an additional 400,000 homes within the next 30 years, a medium-density housing model that has a high nature-dwelling interface is potentially useful in reducing urban sprawl.  In contrast, many Japanese houses are effectively integrated with nature. The number of case studies available through books, journals and on websites suggests that it is possible to group these dwellings under the heading “garden houses”. For the purpose of this research, the term “Japanese Garden House” refers to Japanese houses in which the garden is an integral part of the architecture, as opposed to a separate spatial entity.  New Zealand walk-up apartments are analysed to show how this New Zealand housing model relates to nature in addition to revealing typical design elements. Thereafter, the adaptation of the Japanese Garden House for the New Zealand context is proposed as a mechanism to further connect urban dwellings with nature, thus increasing the interface between nature and inhabited space. The significant benefits this mechanism provides, including a positive effect on psychological and physiological wellbeing, are discussed. In order to adapt the features of Japanese Garden Houses to the New Zealand context, a detailed analysis of Japanese Garden Houses is undertaken to reveal design principles and strategies that characterise this type of dwelling. The analysis is limited to houses built in the last 15 years.  An investigation, through design, is carried out to determine whether the Japanese Garden House models could be used to reconnect walk-up apartments with nature. The investigation is tested on a typical Auckland site. In a case study design, principles and strategies discovered through analysis of Japanese Garden Houses are applied and, adapted to fit walk-up apartments and the New Zealand context. The outcome is a valuable new New Zealand housing model and a set of guidelines presented as a matrix including key principles, strategies and a menu of solutions with the potential to be applied more broadly by other architects, developers and city councils.
The Influences of Nutrients and Snow on the Spatial and Temporal Variability of Sea Ice Algae
Authors:   , Vermeulen Francisca A.H.
Published: November 2021

Polar marine regions are dominated by sea ice, where large gradients in temperature, salinity, nutrients and light occur. Despite this, a rich community exists within the sea ice, consisting of prokaryotic organisms, several algal groups and small zooplankton. Prokaryotes are present in the largest abundance in the sea ice; however, diatoms dominate in biomass. Diatoms are the main primary producers within the ice and they form a vital food source for many organisms. However, factors determining species composition, abundance, spatial and temporal variability and nutrient requirement are relatively poorly understood. In order to increase understanding of these processes, an integrated approach was used in this thesis to provide an insight into the potential changes to the ecology of the Southern Ocean in relation to predicted climate change. In this thesis, I studied ice algal community structure, diversity and nutrient requirements at several locations in the sea ice of the Ross Sea, Antarctica. Though many previous studies have focussed on these organisms, this is the first study to I) integrate recent and historical data collected over 30 years and to compare spatial and temporal differences in sea ice communities, II) use the near real time nutrient induced fluorescence transient (NIFT) method to study nutrient limitation in sea ice and further develop this method for use with the imaging pulse amplitude modulator (I-PAM), III) show that Antarctic diatoms may be more susceptible to silica limitation than previously thought, despite the fact that the silica concentration in the Southern Ocean are relatively high. Results from these studies provide important new information on community structure and how it is influenced by and responds to the environment ...
Manga Readers in Auckland's Graphic Novel Cafe
Authors:   , Thomson Kylie Maree
Published: November 2021

Japanese graphic novels, known as manga, are now filtering into library collections. However, librarians know very little about adults who read manga and their reasons for choosing this type of reading material. By learning more about such audiences and their reading habits, collection development librarians will be in a better position to build up their collections and target their services more precisely. This study was delimited by location to New Zealand's only cafe dedicated to English-language manga, the Graphic Novel Cafe. It adopted a qualitative approach, and purposive sampling was employed to select an array of readers, who were interviewed about their manga-reading experiences. The findings indicate considerable potential for manga to attract a variety of patrons. They include the fact that manga reading can be a social activity, and is often entwined with related interests such as anime. Some of the special considerations for incorporating manga into a library collection are type, artwork and serialisation. This study fills a gap in the scholarly literature on the New Zealand context, and also highlights areas for future research to expand upon.
Elaborations : a selective annotated bibliography of reviews and commentaries on the poetry and short stories of Bill Manhire from 1967 to 2002
Authors:   , Thomas Laurinda Elizabeth
Published: November 2021

Bill Manhire is one of New Zealand's most well-known writers, with a career that spans more than 30 years. His work has received little bibliographic attention, with available resources being incomplete or providing minimal descriptions. This bibliography aims to redress this gap in coverage through the inclusion of additional media types such as archives, encyclopaedia extracts, sound and video recordings, and web pages. In addition, it adds value to previous work done in this area by correcting errors, providing additional bibliographic information, and annotations. Citations and annotations are included for all items which fulfil the aim of providing significant comment on, or insight to the poetry and short stories of Bill Manhire. Citations are grouped by collection title, general works, and pieces written by Manhire himself. This bibliography will be useful to researchers, students, journalists and interested members of the public.
Library instruction services for international students in New Zealand's tertiary libraries : a survey
Authors:   , Ward Heather M.
Published: November 2021

This research project examines the issue of library instruction services for international students studying at New Zealand tertiary institutions. The aim of the project was to ascertain the measures that New Zealand academic librarians are taking to meet the needs of international students, and how well this compares with tertiary libraries in other countries. The data was gathered by mailed questionnaire to tertiary libraries with over 1% international student population. The findings of the survey indicate that there is a lack of awareness of the issues faced by international students and highlights the need for further research in this country.
Mortal Infill: Finding space for the dead in today's suburbs
Authors:   , Powell Martin Neil Smith
Published: November 2021

The spaces set aside for the dead in contemporary cities have been shifted to the periphery. As a result the built fabric of today’s suburbs does little to acknowledge the mortality of their inhabitants.  This thesis aims to introduce spaces for the dead into these suburbs through a network of memorial walls, known as ‘columbaria’, which will provide inhabitants with the option of interment closer to their own communities.  A series of design principles have been developed, through research and design testing, for the distribution and composition of these spaces. This testing has been carried out through a design case study, focusing on site selection and design, based in Wellington city.  The resulting design principles provide a framework for the establishment of a place for death within contemporary suburbs, increasing their inhabitants’ awareness of their own mortality, and consequently their appreciation of life.
Bioassay and NMR-Guided Isolation of Natural Products from Pacific Marine Invertebrates
Authors:   , Damodaran Vidhiya
Published: November 2021

In the present study, bioassay and NMR approaches were used in combination to guide isolation of two new and three known compounds. An extract library of New Zealand and Tongan marine invertebrates was screened for activity inhibiting the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. From this, ‘hits’ were identified and validated and three New Zealand sponges and a Tongan ascidian were chosen for bulk extraction. These invertebrates were extracted in methanol and purified using normal and reversed-phase chromatography to isolate the compounds of interest. The isolation of compounds was guided by either inhibitory activity towards S. cerevisiae, 1H NMR spectroscopy or a combination of the two. The known trihydroxylated steroid (14) was isolated from the calcareous sponge Leucosolenia sp. A fatty acid and mixture of phthalate esters were isolated from an unidentified Tongan ascidian. The fatty acid was proposed to be cis-vaccenic acid (13) on the basis of 1H and 13C NMR data. The phthalate ester mixture was not purified further. Work on these two compounds was discontinued due to a lack of activity observed in the S. cerevisiae assay and the well-known nature of fatty acids and phthalate esters. Work was also done on an assay targeting the large mechanosensitive channel (MscL) of bacteria. Some parameters were optimised for this assay, however some work remains to be done. The screening of the extract library of New Zealand and Tongan marine invertebrates using this assay was unsuccessful. More studies to better understand the behaviour of this assay are required, some of which are proposed herein. The extraction of the New Zealand marine sponge Haliclona sp. yielded one known and two new 3-alkyl pyridinium alkaloid (3-APA) monomers. The structures of these 3-APA monomers—dehydrohaliclocyclin C (58), dehydrohaliclocyclin F (59) and the known haliclocyclin C (20)—were elucidated using a combination of NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (MS) and chemical degradation. This is the first report of a 3-APA cyclic monomer with unsaturation in the alkyl chain being isolated. 3-APAs were identified as the source of inhibitory activity in the S. cerevisiae assay, however, no inhibitory activity was found for 58, 59 and 20 against the clinically relevant fungus C. albicans.
Qualitative content analysis of the New Zealand troopship publications 1914-1920
Authors:   , Hoar Peter
Published: November 2021

This study is a qualitative content analysis of the magazines and newspapers produced on New Zealand troopships between 1914 and 1920. It begins with an account of the troopships, the printing of the magazines and the individuals involved. The bulk of the study is concerned with a thematic analysis of the troopship publications from a cultural historical perspective. These themes are; troopship life, army life, attitudes to war, national identity, race and gender. The content analysis and interpretation considers the magazines as media products of a particular social group and examines the ways in which this group represented itself. The roles of official discourse, propaganda and resistance in the troopship publications are analysed and the interactions between these and the functions of the publications are explicated. The conclusion assesses the publications' position in the context of discussions of cultural rupture and continuity and finds that they emphasise the latter.
Sole guardianship for permanent caregivers
Authors:   , Illiger Jana
Published: November 2021

This dissertation analyses whether permanent caregivers should be given sole guardianship responsibilities. It shows that the current legal regulations are not sufficient to secure the placement of a child with foster parents on a permanent basis. Therefore, it examines not only the Care of Children Act 2004 and the Children, Young Persons, and Their Children Act 1989, but also the Green Paper for Vulnerable Children as well as the White Paper for Vulnerable Children, launched in October 2012 by the Ministry of Social Development. The White Paper contains a suggestion to limit parental rights in order to secure the “Home for Life” policy, but fails to discuss the proposed amendments in depth and does not set out detailed provisions. In order to fill the gap in the present debate, this dissertation contains recommendations to amend the current legal provisions.
Investigation into library staff attitudes, knowledge and skills relating to information literacy in NZ public libraries
Authors:   , Peart-Baillie Katrina Helen
Published: November 2021

The National Library of New Zealand defines information literacy as "locating, evaluating, managing and using information effectively from a range of sources for problem solving, decision making and research". The attitudes and the attributes of staff involved in all aspects of information literacy will have implications for both formal information literacy initiatives and one-on-one instruction undertaken in public libraries. This study investigated the attitudes, knowledge and skills that reference staff in New Zealand public libraries hold in relation to information literacy. The study employed a mixed methods approach using a self-completion questionnaire and in-depth interviews. This study shows that overall library staff have a high level of knowledge and awareness of what information literacy is. The importance of people being information literate is recognised and the public library's role in this acknowledged. Skill levels varied across the skill areas related to information literacy and between library staff. Library assistants have lower levels of skills than the overall sample whilst holders of library qualifications reported higher skill levels. The results have implications for professional development of staff in the area of information literacy.
Are automated daylight control systems working as they should?
Authors:   , Thompson James
Published: November 2021

Lighting in office buildings can account for approximately 30% of electrical use. This provides an opportunity for energy efficient technologies to be implemented to reduce this load. Automated daylight control systems are part of a growing industry, based on complex electronics and careful placing of light sensors. In an economy that is accepting the need for energy reduction due to the realisation of limited fossil fuels, it is important to maintain and enhance energy efficient systems.  Research highlighted that previous studies would either use a physical measuring approach or an occupant survey to understand how well automated daylight control systems are working, but never both. This thesis combined both of these approaches to quantify how much energy automated daylight control systems are saving while ensuring that occupant satisfaction and comfort is maintained. Four office buildings within Wellington city were therefore analysed to investigate the average energy saving from automated daylight control systems. Energy savings reported from other research studies ranged from 15% to 80%, with an average of 49%. The savings from the four buildings researched in this thesis average 20% savings. The surveys further indicated that all occupants within each of the buildings were satisfied with both natural and artificial lighting in their working environment. Glare was however highlighted as an issue.
Democracy in the face of disagreement: Environmentalist opposition to Escarpment Mine on the Denniston Plateau
Authors:   , Fougère Lillian
Published: November 2021

Despite New Zealand’s Resource Management Act 1991 (RMA) being lauded as offering democratic decision-making processes, those in opposition to consent applications often feel their input has minimal influence on the decisions made. This research explores how democracy is actualised or constrained through environmentalist opposition to decisions made about coal-mining on conservation land, including both informal and formal participation.  Escarpment Mine is a proposal for an open cast coal mine on the Denniston Plateau on the West Coast of New Zealand. The mine was granted resource consents in 2011 by the two local councils. Environmental activists engaged with these decisions through the formal council led submission process, a requirement under the RMA, and informally through activism, protest and campaigning. Their opposition was founded on concerns about the mine’s effects on conservation and climate change.  Drawing on theories of deliberative democracy and radical democracy, I create a framework for democracy that includes agonism and antagonism, situated within the overarching democratic principles of equality, justice and the rule of the people. Through interviewing environmentalists opposed to Escarpment Mine and the council officials involved, my research discusses the way environmentalists were constrained from participating meaningfully in the formal process due to perceived bias and the privileging of neoliberal discourses. I suggest that this case reflects a lack of agonism in most areas, and a delegitimising of antagonistic activism despite such activism working towards equality and justice. Thus, the case does not fulfil the democratic ideals of working with disagreement.
Public Libraries Marketing to Teens: a Study of Two New Zealand Libraries
Authors:   , Biggs Helen Frances
Published: November 2021

Marketing in libraries has been widely discussed in literature, but is often limited to either prescriptive writing on the application of marketing theory to libraries, or descriptions of marketing at individual libraries with little theoretical basis. The purpose of this research was to compare the teen marketing practiced by public libraries with library marketing theory, and to discover whether the application of theory is a conscious decision by libraries. Staff were interviewed at two New Zealand public library networks to discover whether they considered marketing targeting theory and the marketing mix when marketing to teens. It was found that while both library networks did do some formal teen marketing, the majority of marketing was conducted more informally by individual community libraries. Libraries struggled in particular with defining their teen users, and the marketing mix was dealt with in an ad hoc manner. Overall, library marketing was more tactical than strategic.
Non-friction reading: Licensing requirements for e-book lending in New Zealand public libraries
Authors:   , Joseph Amy
Published: November 2021

Research problem: Libraries face many challenges as they strive to provide e-books to their members, often caused by less-than-ideal licensing conditions, or publishers who will not yet license their titles to libraries for lending. This research project, developed in conjunction with a National Library of New Zealand initiative investigating collaborative ebook procurement for libraries, surveyed New Zealand public libraries in order to discover what elements of existing and proposed models would best meet the needs of their users. Methodology: a link to an online survey was emailed to public library managers, who were asked to complete the survey or delegate it to an appropriate staff member. Results: Valid responses were received from 34 of the 67 library systems contacted (response rate = 50.8). New Zealand public libraries are anticipating a large increase in spending on the provision of e-books, with the growth in spending on e-books set to outstrip growth in spending on other e-resources. They show a strong preference for perpetual access licenses, and generally tend to favour licenses that allow for control over title selection and predictability over budgets. They are concerned with system integration and would ideally like to see e-books from all their chosen vendors available through one interface that integrates with their catalogues. Libraries would like to see more New Zealand content available, and access to library e-book lending on all devices their users may choose to use.
Water as a tool for development. An analysis of the conflict of the Ñuble River, Chile
Authors:   , Leaman-Constanzo Cristian
Published: November 2021

After three decades of neoliberal policies, there are growing concerns in Chile about how nature is used and understood. These concerns are reflected in the relationship between humans and natural water bodies which has reconceptualised the use of and access to water, especially for rural communities. These reconceptualisations have been affected by the model of water rights and river basin governance adopted which have raised issues about social inequality. As a result, rural communities have argued for greater participation in decision-making on matters that affect their lives.  This thesis explores conflict that arose around the Punilla Dam Project on the Ñuble River, Biobío Region in Chile. The research employs a political ecology perspective to explore the socio-environmental outcomes of water management in this case and in Chile more generally. The case illustrates how water is important for Chile as a tool for development, the role environmental institutions play, and the tensions between peasant communities, irrigators and hydroelectric interests, while placing these tensions in the context of wider economic and political structures. It is clear that water is key in Chile, hence an examination of the encounter between the model of development and nature is required. I argue that the outcomes of these encounters will increase social inequality and marginalisation, showing that a water project is not always good for all. The omission of these issues in places often rich both in biodiversity and socio-cultural heritage is a cause of concern for Chile and more globally.