bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Organopalladium and Platinum Chemistry in Oxidizing Milieu as Models for Organic Synthesis Involving the Higher Oxidation States of Palladium
Authors: Canty Allan J.
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluoroalkenyl, Fluoroalkynyl and Fluoroalkyl Phosphines
Authors: Banger Kulbinder K. , Brisdon Alan K. , Herbert Christopher J. , Ghaba Hana Ali , Tidmarsh Ian S.
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic, Radical, and Electrophilic (Phenylsulfonyl)difluoromethylations
Authors: Hu Jinbo
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Original Fluorinated Surfactants Potentially Non‐Bioaccumulable
Authors: Kostov Georgi , Boschet Frederic , Ameduri Bruno
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Peptide‐Based Fluorescent Biosensors
Authors: Pazos Elena , Vazquez Olalla , Mascarenas Jose L. , Vazquez M. Eugenio
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of Acid‐Base Organocatalysts for Enantioselective aza‐Morita—Baylis—Hillman (aza‐MBH) Reactions via Dual Activation Mechanism.
Authors: Takizawa Shinobu
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Sequence Control in Polymer Synthesis
Authors: Badi Nezha , Lutz Jean‐Francois
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Progress and Perspective of Polymer White Light‐Emitting Devices and Materials
Authors: Wu Hongbin , Ying Lei , Yang Wei , Cao Yong
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Tuneable Porous Carbonaceous Materials from Renewable Resources
Authors: White Robin J. , Budarin Vitaly , Luque Rafael , Clark James H. , Macquarrie Duncan J.
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Silica‐Based Clicked Hybrid Glyco Materials
Authors: Santoyo‐Gonzalez Francisco , Hernandez‐Mateo Fernando
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bisubstrate Inhibitors of Protein Kinases: From Principle to Practical Applications
Authors: Lavogina Darja , Enkvist Erki , Uri Asko
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Twist on an Old Theme: β‐Halovinylsilanes, a New Elimination Approach to Oligoyne Assembly
Authors: Weller Michael D. , Cox Liam R.
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances on N‐Arylation of Indoles by Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Authors: Xu Hui
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in γ‐Lactone Synthesis
Authors: Gil Salvador , Parra Margarita , Rodriguez Pablo , Segura Jose
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrocarbon Oxidation Catalyzed by [Ru(TDL)(XY)Z] Complexes (TDL = Tridentate Ligand; XY = Bidentate Ligand and Z = H2O or Halide)
Authors: Chatterjee Debabrata
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Amphiphilic Allylic Alkylation with Allyl Alcohols Promoted by Pd‐Catalyst and Triethylborane
Authors: Kimura Masanari , Tamaru Yoshinao
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Applications of Heteropoly Acids and Related Compounds in Heterocycle Synthesis
Authors: Romanelli Gustavo P. , Autino Juan C.
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances of Bismuth(III) Salts in Organic Chemistry: Application to the Synthesis of Aliphatics, Alicyclics, Aromatics, Amino Acids and Peptides, Terpenes and Steroids of Pharmaceutical Interest
Authors: Salvador Jorge A. R. , Ppinto Rui M. A. , Silvestre Samuel M.
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Green Procedures for the Synthesis of Useful Molecules Avoiding Hazardous Solvents and Toxic Catalysts
Authors: Ranu Brindaban C. , Chattopadhyay Kalicharan
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Supported Organic Bases: A Green Tool for Carbon—Carbon Bond Formation
Authors: Sartori Giovanni , Maggi Raimondo , Oro Chiara , Soldi Laura
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalysis in Non‐Conventional Reaction Media
Authors: Lombardo Marco , Trombini Claudio
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Quinquevalent Phosphorus Acids
Authors: Balczewski P. , Bodzioch A.
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphine Chalcogenides
Authors: Keglevich G.
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphines and Related P—C‐Bonded Compounds
Authors: Allen D. W.
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Selective Metalation Reactions
Authors: Mordini Alessandro , Peruzzi Daniela , Russo Francesco , Reginato Gianna
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Cycloisomerization of Enynes Involving Various Activation Processes
Authors: Bruneau Christian
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphine‐Free EWG‐Activated Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalysts: Design, Preparation, and Applications
Authors: Grela Karol , Michrowska Anna , Bieniek Michal , Sashuk Volodymyr , Szadkowska Anna
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Towards New Generations of Metathesis Metal—Carbene Precatalysts
Authors: Allaert Bart , Dieltiens Nicolai , Stevens Chris , Drozdzak Renata , Dragutan Ileana , Dragutan Valerian , Verpoort Francis
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Oxacycloalk‐3‐enes from Other Cyclic Ethers
Authors: Iyer K. , Rainier J. D.
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: PVTx Properties of Hydrothermal Systems
Authors: Corti Horacio R. , Abdulagatov Ilmutdin M.
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Solubility of Carbohydrates in Ionic Liquids
Authors: Zakrzewska Malgorzata Ewa , Bogel‐Lukasik Ewa , Bogel‐Lukasik Rafal
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Predictive Kinetics: A New Approach for the 21st Century
Authors: Green William H. Jr.
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electron Density Distribution in Organometallic Materials
Authors: Macchi Piero
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Evolution of Camalexin and Structurally Related Indolic Compounds.
Authors: Rauhut Thomas , Glawischnig Erich
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Evolution of Nitrilases in Glucosinolate‐Containing Plants.
Authors: Janowitz Tim , Trompetter Inga , Piotrowski Markus
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Materials for Technical Applications
Authors: Burzo E. , Codescu M. M. , Kappel W. , Helerea E.
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Biohydrid Polymer Capsules
Authors: van Dongen Stijn F. M. , de Hoog Hans‐Peter M. , Peters Ruud J. R. W. , Nallani Madhavan , Nolte Roeland J. M. , van Hest Jan C. M.
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Dendron‐Mediated Self‐Assembly, Disassembly, and Self‐Organization of Complex Systems
Authors: Rosen Brad M. , Wilson Christopher J. , Wilson Daniela A. , Peterca Mihai , Imam Mohammad R. , Percec Virgil
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: FRET‐Based Activity Biosensors to Probe Compartmentalized Signaling
Authors: Gao Xinxin , Zhang Jin
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Intestinal Absorption and Secretion Mechanism of Carboxylate Drugs
Authors: Itagaki Shirou
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxygen Detection in Biological Systems
Authors: Renger Gernot , Hanssum Bertram
Published: March 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Alemtuzumab by continuous intravenous infusion followed by subcutaneous injection plus rituximab in the treatment of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia recurrence
Authors: Faderl Stefan , Ferrajoli Alessandra , Wierda William , O'Brien Susan , Lerner Susan , Keating Michael J.
Published: March 2010

BACKGROUND:

Monoclonal antibodies may be used more effectively in combination. A previous study of intravenous (iv) bolus alemtuzumab plus rituximab in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) recurrence produced a response rate of 54% after a 4‐week treatment period.

METHODS:

To optimize dose, schedule, and route of alemtuzumab, a study was designed exploring continuous intravenous infusion (civ) followed by subcutaneous (sc) alemtuzumab together with weekly iv rituximab in patients with previously treated CLL.

RESULTS:

Data from 40 patients with a median age of 59 years, and a median of 3 prior regimens (range, 1‐8 regimens) were evaluable. Approximately 64% of patients were fludarabine‐refractory. Seven patients (18%) achieved a complete response (CR), 4 (10%) a nodular partial response (nPR), and 10 (25%) a partial response for an overall response rate of 53%. Of 11 major responses (CR, nPR), 8 occurred after cycle 1. Response rates were highest in blood (94%), followed by liver/spleen (82%), bone marrow (68%), and lymph nodes (51%). The combination did not generate unexpected toxicities. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivations occurred in 6 patients (15%) and responded well to anti‐CMV therapy. High titers of anti‐idiotype antibodies after sc alemtuzumab were demonstrated in 1 patient, but remained without clinical sequelae.

CONCLUSIONS:

The combination of civ/sc alemtuzumab plus rituximab has activity in some patients with recurrent/refractory CLL and maximum response is achieved after 1 cycle (4 weeks) in 73% of patients. Further exploration in other settings of CLL together with accompanying pharmacokinetic studies is recommended. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Pretreatment assessment of tumor enhancement on contrast‐enhanced computed tomography as a potential predictor of treatment outcome in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients receiving antiangiogenic therapy
Authors: Han Kyung Seok , Jung Dae Chul , Choi Hyuck Jae , Jeong Min Soo , Cho Kang Su , Joung Jae Young , Seo Ho Kyung , Lee Kang Hyun , Chung Jinsoo
Published: March 2010

BACKGROUND:

Tumor vascularity is a potential predictor of treatment outcomes in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), and contrast enhancement of tumors in computed tomography (CT) is correlated significantly with microvessel density. In this study, the authors investigated whether tumor enhancement in contrast‐enhanced CT (CECT) is useful for predicting outcomes in patients with mRCC who are receiving antiangiogenic therapy.

METHODS:

Attenuation values were reviewed retrospectively on CECT images of all metastatic lesions in 66 patients from February 2007 to November 2008. All patients received a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (either sunitinib or sorafenib). Tumor response was evaluated on CECT studies every 12 weeks. The authors analyzed the association between contrast enhancement and treatment outcomes, including objective response, tumor size reduction rate, time to response, and time to progression.

RESULTS:

In 46 patients, 198 metastatic lesions were assessed. Tumor size was reduced in 140 lesions (70.7%) and was increased in 58 lesions (29.3%). The mean reduction in size was 23.8%. The overall mean time to response and the time to progression were 8.6 months and 16.4 months, respectively. In multivariate analyses, tumor enhancement and enhancement pattern were associated with objective responses (P = .003 and P = .028, respectively). In addition, tumor enhancement was associated with tumor size reduction (P = .004). In Cox proportional hazards models, only tumor enhancement was associated significantly with the time to size reduction and progression‐free survival (P = .03 and P = .015, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:

Tumor enhancement on CECT images was associated with treatment outcomes and was identified as a potential predictor of treatment outcomes after antiangiogenic therapy in patients with mRCC. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Medication errors involving oral chemotherapy
Authors: Weingart Saul N. , Toro Julio , Spencer Justin , Duncombe Deborah , Gross Anne , Bartel Sylvia , Miransky Jeremy , Partridge Ann , Shulman Lawrence N. , Connor Maureen
Published: March 2010

BACKGROUND:

Given the expanding use of oral chemotherapies, the authors set out to examine errors in the prescribing, dispensing, administration, and monitoring of these drugs.

METHODS:

Reports were collected of oral chemotherapy‐associated medication errors from a medical literature and Internet search and review of reports to the Medication Errors Reporting Program and MEDMARX. The authors solicited incident reports from 14 comprehensive cancer centers, and also collected incident reports, pharmacy interventions, and prompted clinician reports from their own center. They classified the type of incident, severity, stage in the medication use process, and type of medication error. They examined the yield of the various reporting methods to identify oral chemotherapy‐related medication errors.

RESULTS:

The authors identified 99 adverse drug events, 322 near misses, and 87 medical errors with low risk of harm. Of the 99 adverse drug events, 20 were serious or life‐threatening, 52 were significant, and 25 were minor. The most common medication errors involved wrong dose (38.8%), wrong drug (13.6%), wrong number of days supplied (11.0%), and missed dose (10.0%). The majority of errors resulted in a near miss; however, 39.3% of reports involving the wrong number of days supplied resulted in adverse drug events. Incidents derived from the literature search and hospital incident reporting system included a larger percentage of adverse drug events (73.1% and 58.8%, respectively) compared with other sources.

CONCLUSIONS:

Ensuring oral chemotherapy safety requires improvements in the way these drugs are ordered, dispensed, administered, and monitored. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Random surface growth with a wall and Plancherel measures for O (∞)
Authors: Borodin Alexei , Kuan Jeffrey
Published: March 2010

We consider a Markov evolution of lozenge tilings of a quarter‐plane and study its asymptotics at large times. One of the boundary rays serves as a reflecting wall.

We observe frozen and liquid regions, prove convergence of the local correlations to translation‐invariant Gibbs measures in the liquid region, and obtain new discrete Jacobi and symmetric Pearcey determinantal point processes near the wall.

The model can be viewed as the one‐parameter family of Plancherel measures for the infinite‐dimensional orthogonal group, and we use this interpretation to derive the determinantal formula for the correlation functions at any finite‐time moment. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pancreatic fat is negatively associated with insulin secretion in individuals with impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance: a nuclear magnetic resonance study
Authors: Heni Martin , Machann Jürgen , Staiger Harald , Schwenzer Nina F. , Peter Andreas , Schick Fritz , Claussen Claus D. , Stefan Norbert , Häring Hans‐Ulrich , Fritsche Andreas
Published: March 2010

Background

The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance and β‐cell dysfunction. Pancreatic fat load may add to the development of β‐cell dysfunction. The aim was to thoroughly quantify the fat content of pancreas sections (caput, corpus, and cauda) and to compare the impact of pancreatic, intrahepatic, and visceral fat on insulin secretion in humans.

Methods

Fifty‐one subjects were subjected to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with glucose, insulin, and C‐peptide measurements [28 subjects displayed normal glucose tolerance, 23 impaired fasting glycemia (IFG)] and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)], and also to whole‐body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), pancreas MRI, and liver magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).

Results

After adjustment for gender and age, the mean pancreatic fat content was positively associated with body mass index (BMI), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and waist circumference (all p ≤ 0.0013). The mean pancreatic fat content was negatively associated with OGTT‐based measures of insulin secretion (all p ≤ 0.03). Analysis of the subgroups of glucose tolerance showed that this was restricted to subjects with IGT and/or IFG. Visceral fat also represented a determinant of β‐cell function in individuals with IGT and/or IFG (all p ≤ 0.02), whereas intrahepatic fat did not. In a stepwise multivariate regression analysis, pancreatic fat turned out to be a stronger determinant of impaired insulin secretion than visceral fat.

Conclusions

Pancreatic fat is negatively associated with insulin secretion in subjects with IGT/IFG and, therefore, might represent an additional pathogenetic factor leading to β‐cell dysfunction. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
NaV1.6a is required for normal activation of motor circuits normally excited by tactile stimulation
Authors: Low Sean E. , Zhou Weibin , Choong Ingxin , Saint‐Amant Louis , Sprague Shawn M. , Hirata Hiromi , Cui Wilson W. , Hume Richard I. , Kuwada John Y.
Published: March 2010

A screen for zebrafish motor mutants identified two noncomplementing alleles of a recessive mutation that were named non‐active (navmi89 and navmi130). nav embryos displayed diminished spontaneous and touch‐evoked escape behaviors during the first 3 days of development. Genetic mapping identified the gene encoding NaV1.6a (scn8aa) as a potential candidate for nav. Subsequent cloning of scn8aa from the two alleles of nav uncovered two missense mutations in NaV1.6a that eliminated channel activity when assayed heterologously. Furthermore, the injection of RNA encoding wild‐type scn8aa rescued the nav mutant phenotype indicating that scn8aa was the causative gene of nav. In‐vivo electrophysiological analysis of the touch‐evoked escape circuit indicated that voltage‐dependent inward current was decreased in mechanosensory neurons in mutants, but they were able to fire action potentials. Furthermore, tactile stimulation of mutants activated some neurons downstream of mechanosensory neurons but failed to activate the swim locomotor circuit in accord with the behavioral response of initial escape contractions but no swimming. Thus, mutant mechanosensory neurons appeared to respond to tactile stimulation but failed to initiate swimming. Interestingly fictive swimming could be initiated pharmacologically suggesting that a swim circuit was present in mutants. These results suggested that NaV1.6a was required for touch‐induced activation of the swim locomotor network. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 70:508–522, 2010
Stability‐indicating spectrophotometric methods for determination of tazarotene in the presence of its alkaline degradation product by derivative spectrophotometric techniques
Authors: Badawy Amr M. , El‐Alim Abd El‐Aziz B. Abd , Saad Ahmed S.
Published: March 2010

The stability of tazarotene (TZ) was investigated and two stability‐indicating methods—namely, first derivative and a derivative ratio spectrophotometric method—were used to determine tazarotene in the presence of its alkaline degradation product (HD) using methanol as a solvent. A linear relationship was obtained in the range 1–10 µg ml−1 for both methods. By applying the proposed methods, it was possible to determine tazarotene in its pure powdered from with accuracy 99.35 ± 1.410 (n = 10) for the first derivative method and 99.45 ± 1.053 (n = 10) for the derivative ratio method. First derivative and derivative ratio methods were used for the analysis of laboratory‐prepared mixtures containing different ratios of tazarotene and its degradation product and they were valid in the presence of up to 70% and 80% degradation product, respectively. The proposed methods were validated and found to be suitable as stability‐indicating assay methods for tazarotene in pharmaceutical formulations. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spectrophotometric and spectrodensitometric methods for the determination of rivastigmine hydrogen tartrate in presence of its degradation product
Authors: Salem Maissa Y. , El‐Kosasy Amira M. , El‐Bardicy Mohamed G. , Abd El‐Rahman Mohamed K.
Published: March 2010

Three sensitive, selective and precise stability‐indicating methods for the determination of the anti‐Alzheimer's drug, rivastigmine hydrogen tartrate (RIV) in the presence of its alkaline degradation product (major metabolite, NAP 226‐90) and in pharmaceutical formulation were developed and validated. The first method is a second derivative (D2) spectrophotometric one, which allows the determination of RIV in the presence of its degradate at 262 nm (corresponding to zero crossing of the degradate) over a concentration range of 50–500 µg/ml with mean percentage recovery 100.18 ± 0.628. The second method is the first derivative of the ratio spectra (DD1) by measuring the peak amplitude at 272 nm over the same concentration range as (D2) spectrophotometric method, with mean percentage recovery 99.97 ± 0.641. The third method is a TLC‐densitometric one, where RIV was separated from its degradate on silica gel plates using methanol:butanol:H2O:ammonia (5:4:1:0.01 v:v:v) as a developing system. This method depends on the quantitative densitometric evaluation of thin layer chromatogram of RIV at 263 nm over a concentration range of 20–160 µg/spot, with mean percentage recovery 100.19 ± 1.344. The selectivity of the proposed methods was tested using laboratory‐prepared mixtures. The proposed methods have been successfully applied to the analysis of RIV in pharmaceutical dosage forms without interference from other dosage form additives and the results were statistically compared with reference method. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Soma‐germline interactions that influence germline proliferation in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Korta Dorota Z. , Hubbard E. Jane Albert
Published: March 2010

Caenorhabditis elegans boasts a short lifecycle and high fecundity, two features that make it an attractive and powerful genetic model organism. Several recent studies indicate that germline proliferation, a prerequisite to optimal fecundity, is tightly controlled over the course of development. Cell proliferation control includes regulation of competence to proliferate, a poorly understood aspect of cell fate specification, as well as cell‐cycle control. Furthermore, dynamic regulation of cell proliferation occurs in response to multiple external signals. The C. elegans germ line is proving a valuable model for linking genetic, developmental, systemic, and environmental control of cell proliferation. Here, we consider recent studies that contribute to our understanding of germ cell proliferation in C. elegans. We focus primarily on somatic control of germline proliferation, how it differs at different life stages, and how it can be altered in the context of the life cycle and changes in environmental status. Developmental Dynamics 239:1449–1459, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
“CRASH”ing with the worm: Insights into L1CAM functions and mechanisms
Authors: Chen Lihsia , Zhou Shan
Published: March 2010

The L1 family of cell adhesion molecules (L1CAMs) in vertebrates has long been studied for its roles in nervous system development and function. Members of this family have been associated with distinct neurological disorders that include CRASH, autism, 3p syndrome, and schizophrenia. The conservation of L1CAMs in Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans allows the opportunity to take advantage of these simple model organisms and their accessible genetic manipulations to dissect L1CAM functions and mechanisms of action. This review summarizes the discoveries of L1CAMs made in C. elegans, showcasing this simple model organism as a powerful system to uncover L1CAM mechanisms and roles in healthy and diseased states. Developmental Dynamics 239:1490–1501, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Risk factors, correlates, and markers in early‐onset bulimia nervosa and EDNOS
Authors: Day Jemma , Schmidt Ulrike , Collier David , Perkins Sarah , Van den Eynde Frederique , Treasure Janet , Yi Irene , Winn Suzanne , Robinson Paul , Murphy Rebecca , Keville Saskia , Johnson‐Sabine Eric , Jenkins Mari , Frost Susie , Dodge Liz , Berelowitz Mark , Eisler Ivan
Published: March 2010

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the specific risk factors, correlates, and markers associated with the development of symptomatology of early‐onset BN and subclinical BN.

Method:

Two semi‐structured interviews were used to examine symptomatology and antecedent factors of bulimic symptoms in a sample of British adolescents.

Results:

Adolescents with early‐onset eating pathology were significantly more likely to report an earlier age of menarche than those developing the disorder at the typical age, and were found to have a different pathway of symptom development.

Discussion:

Increased awareness of this may help identify those particularly at risk for developing an early‐onset of eating pathology. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2011; 44:287–294)
Comparative Solution Equilibrium Study of the Interactions of Copper(II), Iron(II) and Zinc(II) with Triapine (3‐Aminopyridine‐2‐carbaldehyde Thiosemicarbazone) and Related Ligands
Authors: Enyedy Éva A. , Nagy Nóra V. , Zsigó Éva , Kowol Christian R. , Arion Vladimir B. , Keppler Bernhard K. , Kiss Tamás
Published: March 2010

The interactions of CuII, ZnII and FeII with Triapine (3‐aminopyridine‐2‐carbaldehyde thiosemicarbazone), which is currently undergoing phase II clinical trials as a chemotherapeutic antitumour agent, were investigated in a water/DMSO mixture. The proton‐dissociation constants of the ligands, the stability constants and the coordination modes of the metal complexes formed were determined by pH‐potentiometric, UV/Vis spectrophotometric, EPR, 1H NMR spectroscopic and ESI‐MS methods. Two N‐terminally dimethylated derivatives of Triapine were also studied. Mono‐ and bis‐ligand complexes in different protonation states were identified. Furthermore, the formation of the dinuclear species [Cu2L3]+ was confirmed for all ligands by EPR spectroscopy and ESI‐MS measurements. The results showed that the N‐terminally dimethylated ligands are much more potent chelators than Triapine for the divalent metal ions studied. All three ligands formed the least stable complexes with ZnII, whereas the FeII complexes were somewhat more stable than the corresponding CuII species.
Coordination Behavior of the (Diphenylphosphanyl)[α‐(2‐pyridyl)benzyl]amide Anion toward Lithium and Zinc Cations
Authors: Olbert Dirk , Görls Helmar , Conrad Delf , Westerhausen Matthias
Published: March 2010

A two‐step synthesis allows the preparation of [α‐(2‐pyridyl)benzyl]amine (1) in good yield. Phosphanylation in the presence of triethylamine gives (diphenylphosphanyl)[α‐(2‐pyridyl)benzyl]amine (2), which crystallizes as a racemate in the centrosymmetric triclinic space group P$\bar {1}$. The P–N bond lengths exhibit an average value of 168.3 pm. Lithiation of 2 with n‐butyllithium yields dimeric semi(tetrahydrofuran)lithium (diphenylphosphanyl)[α‐(2‐pyridyl)benzyl]amide (3) with the lithium atoms in different environments. One Li atom is in a distorted tetrahedral environment and the other in a trigonal‐planar coordination sphere with bridging amide moieties (av. Li–N 201.8, Li–O 192.4 pm). Zincation of 2 with dimethylzinc leads to the formation of dimeric methylzinc (diphenylphosphanyl)[α‐(2‐pyridyl)benzyl]amide (4) with a central six‐membered (ZnNP)2 ring in a boat conformation (av. Zn–N 201.8, Zn–P 245.9 pm). The endocyclic P–N bonds are rather short (av. value 162.7 pm).
Click Chemistry to Fluorescent Amino Esters: Synthesis and Spectroscopic Studies
Authors: Li Chun , Henry Etienne , Mani Naresh Kumar , Tang Jie , Brochon Jean‐Claude , Deprez Eric , Xie Juan
Published: March 2010

A new series of fluorescent amino esters have successfully been prepared by click chemistry by introducing different fluorophores (fluorescein, dansyl, 4‐nitro‐2,1,3‐benzoxadiazole, coumarin and benzothiadiazole) into the side‐chain of either serine, lysine or phenylalanine. The newly synthesized fluorescent amino esters displayed spectroscopic properties similar to their native fluorophores, with high quantum yields and fluorescence in the visible region (420–520 nm). Steady‐state as well as time‐resolved studies indicated that benzothiadiazole derivatives 22–25 are promising probes for studying protein dynamics or molecular interactions, especially in the cell, due to their emissions in the visible region, their high quantum yields and their relatively long lifetimes (14.7–18.3 ns). Moreover, the fluorescence of 7‐hydroxycoumarin‐substituted amino ester 27 was very sensitive to the solvent proticity and pH value. This compound appears to be a suitable pH‐sensitive amino acid for probing the local pH in cell compartments.
Efficient and Reliable Iodination and O‐Methylation of Fluorinated Phenols
Authors: Francke Robert , Schnakenburg Gregor , Waldvogel Siegfried R.
Published: March 2010

Fluorinated phenols and other electron‐deficient phenolic substrates are efficiently and cleanly iodinated by an iodine/iodide mixture employing alkaline conditions. This protocol turned out to be the most practical for the generation of such highly fluorinated iodophenols. For later application in coupling processes the protection of the phenolic hydroxymoiety is often required. Therefore, a practical iodination and subsequent methylation sequence was elaborated providing the highly fluorinated anisoles with good to excellent yields. The developed method is applicable for a broad scope of fluorinated phenols and analogues.
Comparison between real‐time dynamic substructuring and shake table testing techniques for nonlinear seismic applications
Authors: Lamarche C.‐P. , Tremblay R. , Léger P. , Leclerc M. , Bursi O. S.
Published: March 2010

Results from real‐time dynamic substructuring (RTDS) tests are compared with results from shake table tests performed on a two‐storey steel building structure model. At each storey, the structural system consists of a cantilevered steel column resisting lateral loads in bending. In two tests, a slender diagonal tension‐only steel bracing member was added at the first floor to obtain an unsymmetrical system with highly variable stiffness. Only the first‐storey structural components were included in the RTDS test program and a Rosenbrock‐W linearly implicit integration scheme was adopted for the numerical solution. The tests were performed under seismic ground motions exhibiting various amplitude levels and frequency contents to develop first and second mode‐dominated responses as well as elastic and inelastic responses. A chirp signal was also used. Coherent results were obtained between the shake table and the RTDS testing techniques, indicating that RTDS testing methods can be used to successfully reproduce both the linear and nonlinear seismic responses of ductile structural steel seismic force resisting systems. The time delay introduced by actuator‐control systems was also studied and a novel adaptive compensation scheme is proposed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simulation of synthetic ground motions for specified earthquake and site characteristics
Authors: Rezaeian Sanaz , Der Kiureghian Armen
Published: March 2010

A method for generating a suite of synthetic ground motion time‐histories for specified earthquake and site characteristics defining a design scenario is presented. The method employs a parameterized stochastic model that is based on a modulated, filtered white‐noise process. The model parameters characterize the evolving intensity, predominant frequency, and bandwidth of the acceleration time‐history, and can be identified by matching the statistics of the model to the statistics of a target‐recorded accelerogram. Sample ‘observations’ of the parameters are obtained by fitting the model to a subset of the NGA database for far‐field strong ground motion records on firm ground. Using this sample, predictive equations are developed for the model parameters in terms of the faulting mechanism, earthquake magnitude, source‐to‐site distance, and the site shear‐wave velocity. For any specified set of these earthquake and site characteristics, sets of the model parameters are generated, which are in turn used in the stochastic model to generate the ensemble of synthetic ground motions. The resulting synthetic acceleration as well as corresponding velocity and displacement time‐histories capture the main features of real earthquake ground motions, including the intensity, duration, spectral content, and peak values. Furthermore, the statistics of their resulting elastic response spectra closely agree with both the median and the variability of response spectra of recorded ground motions, as reflected in the existing prediction equations based on the NGA database. The proposed method can be used in seismic design and analysis in conjunction with or instead of recorded ground motions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Large in‐stream wood studies: a call for common metrics
Authors: Wohl Ellen , Cenderelli Daniel A. , Dwire Kathleen A. , Ryan‐Burkett Sandra E. , Young Michael K. , Fausch Kurt D.
Published: March 2010

During the past decade, research on large in‐stream wood has expanded beyond North America's Pacific Northwest to diverse environments and has shifted toward increasingly holistic perspectives that incorporate processes of wood recruitment, retention, and loss at scales from channel segments to entire watersheds. Syntheses of this rapidly expanding literature can be facilitated by agreement on primary variables and methods of measurement. In this paper we address these issues by listing the variables that we consider fundamental to studies of in‐stream wood, discussing the sources of variability in their measurement, and suggesting more consistency in future studies. We recommend 23 variables for all studies of in‐stream wood, as well as another 12 variables that we suggest for studies with more specific objectives. Each of these variables relates either to the size and characteristics of in‐stream wood, to the geomorphic features of the channel and valley, or to the ecological characteristics of the riparian zone adjacent to the study reach. The variables were derived from an overview of those cited in the literature and from our collective field experiences. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Early assessment initiative using the Systematic Screening and Assessment Method: Three case studies
Authors: Barnes Seraphine Pitt , Wethington Holly , Cheung Karen
Published: March 2010

Three case studies describe how the Systematic Screening and Assessment (SSA) Method was used to identify innovations that hold promise to prevent childhood obesity. Nominations were reviewed by an expert panel; those having the greatest potential and therefore meriting closer examination through evaluability assessment were identified, and finally the panel chose those that were promising and ready for evaluation. The three case examples are the Fresh Food Financing Initiative of the Food Trust of Philadelphia; New York City's regulations to enforce healthy eating and physical activity in 1,600 licensed day care centers; and the Natrona County, Wyoming, School District local wellness policy. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc., and the American Evaluation Association.
The SSA Method: Not just old wine in a new bottle
Authors: Rog Debra J.
Published: March 2010

The Systematic Screening and Assessment (SSA) Method is a novel application of evaluability assessment (EA), entwined with the work of an expert panel that nominates programs worthy of EA and then, on the basis of the findings from the EAs, recommends programs for evaluation. The author compares and contrasts the SSA Method with the usual practice of EA and discusses how the method has contributed to the revival of EA in recent years. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc., and the American Evaluation Association.