bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supply Chain Logistics and Business Ecosystems Needed for the Development of Natural Vaccines with Novel, Safer, and Noninvasive Delivery Mechanisms
Authors: Dodds Dawson , W. Kindt Jr John , da Costa Christopher , Kazi Nazmul , T. Mahoney Joseph , Indu Rupassara S.
Published: January 2024

The success of natural, non-invasive vaccines is dependent not only on their efficacy and safety but also on the logistics and business ecosystems required to develop and distribute them. This chapter discusses the challenges and opportunities associated with developing and implementing a supply chain for such vaccines as well as different scenarios that a similar new business could encounter on its path to the market. We examine options for vertical coordination within the value chain in areas such as product manufacturing, packaging, and distribution. Market and stakeholder analysis is also provided, which focuses on contracting strategies, while keeping in mind the importance of an efficient and equitable distribution of vaccines. Lastly, we will explain our most probable road map, how we arrived at that decision, and how this information can be used by natural vaccine producers to develop supply chains.
The Psychology of Resilience: Empowering Athletes with a Potential Risk of Experiencing Sexual Violence in Sports
Authors: Haandrikman Marleen , Fokkens Annemiek , Oostinga Miriam , Schipper-van Veldhoven Nicolette
Published: January 2024

A positive, caring and safe sports climate is essential for the healthy development of young people. One of the responsibilities of parties involved in organised sports is to create a safe sports climate, but in practice, difficulties in creating such a climate are still experienced nowadays. Implementing prevention programmes solely focused on coaches or the environment is not a comprehensive approach. Therefore, the biopsychosocial profile of athletes representing potential risks of experiencing sexual violence in sports can serve as a base to develop prevention programmes aimed at empowering athletes and stimulating their resistance towards sexual violence. In practice, this requires measures to make (young) athletes more resilient against the dominant position of coaches and other authority figures within sports. But how? To answer this question, the psychology of resilience will be reviewed to gain insights into the future development of these practical measures to safeguard athletes.
Movement and Aging
Authors: Patricia Zarco Emilia , Gibbone Anne , Matatyaho Hanna
Published: January 2024

Movement is a fundamental function of life. Human beings move through the act of breathing before they learn language and speak. Movement is central to all of life’s processes: growth and development, energy production and utilization, and environmental adaptation. This chapter will explore the power of human movement and how it can be harnessed to address the challenges of aging. Movement in this chapter refers to physical activity and exercise. The challenge of aging for the future is not simply prolonging human life at any cost or by any means but rather extending self-sufficiency and quality of life. Aging adults need to keep on moving to keep their independence, self-care and improve their quality of life. The chapter will present current knowledge and new insights from contemporary research as we explore how physical activity and exercise can help address challenges of aging in these areas: musculoskeletal health, pain, immune system and brain health.
Integrating STEM: An Interdisciplinary Approach to PreK-12 Education
Authors: J. Kennedy Teresa , R.L. Odell Michael
Published: January 2024

STEM education employs an interdisciplinary pedagogical approach that merges the subjects of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics into traditional disciplines covered across all levels within primary and secondary school curricula. STEM topics span the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and naturally weave STEM disciplines throughout, focusing on the importance of developing a global STEM-literate workforce capable of responding to the worldwide challenges presented today and into the future. STEM-focused frameworks provide students with the knowledge and skills they need to be successful in the twenty first century and beyond, preparing them for the rapidly changing technological and scientific landscapes. This chapter explores STEM as a meta-discipline, documenting the origins and emergence of STEM education in the United States, provides definitions of STEM literacy and includes primary and secondary implementation models.
Machine Learning Techniques in Indoor Environmental Quality Assessment
Authors: Kumar Gajendran Mohan , Fazil Syed Ahmed Kabir Ijaz , Vadivelu Sudhakar , Yin-Kwee Ng Eddie , Chandra Thota Ravi
Published: January 2024

This chapter provides a comprehensive exploration of the evolving role of machine learning in Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) assessment. As urban living spaces become increasingly enclosed, the importance of maintaining optimal IEQ for human health and well-being has surged. Traditional methods for IEQ assessment, while effective, often fail to provide real-time monitoring and control. This gap is increasingly being addressed by the integration of machine learning techniques, allowing for enhanced predictive modeling, real-time optimization, and robust anomaly detection. The chapter delves into a comparative analysis of various machine learning techniques including supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning, demonstrating their unique benefits in IEQ assessment. Practical implementations of these techniques in residential, commercial, and specialized environments are further illustrated through detailed case studies. The chapter also addresses the existing challenges in implementing machine learning for IEQ assessment and provides an outlook on future trends and potential research directions. The comprehensive review offered in this chapter encourages continued innovation and research in leveraging machine learning. for more efficient and effective IEQ assessment.
Learning Disabilities and Inclusiveness
Authors: Martinelli Chiara
Published: January 2024

This paper aims to look for “good practices” in the field of teaching, especially in relation to learners with various types of disabilities. Most of all the focus will be on the Italian situation and on what has been done for more than 10 years now, from the moment in which the legislation focused attention on learners with disabilities. We will try to understand which educational strategies allow to develop soft skills and to achieve a satisfactory personal development. The emphasis will be placed on the need for an inclusive school, which pays attention to every pupil, which seeks to value differences as bearers of collective wealth.
The Didactic Significance of the Postmodern Architecture of the First Inclusive Primary School in Tel Aviv
Authors: Śliwerski Boguslaw
Published: January 2024

The school is a multi-sectoral creation with a diverse spatial structure, in which various layers of assumed and unpredictable functions can be implemented. Therefore, a school can be not only a place for didactic activities but also a meeting place, a square for competition, a theater, a temple, a factory, a family, or a barracks. The school’s public space changes its functions along with the time of day and the schedule of classes, which also affects its use by students and teachers, who give its crevices intimacy and privacy to hide from the eye of the authorities (panopticon). As long as the school architecture is not changed, it will not be possible to include children as learners for themselves, for their own development along with socialization, and there will be no change in didactic thinking in teachers, which will lead to the necessary innovations in the education process to make it more effective and valuable for each child. Changing the paradigm of thinking and didactic activity is not only a matter of obtaining an adequate level, substantive, and methodological scope of education but above all, taking into account the everyday environment of students at school.
Perspective Chapter: Individual Support Services in Inclusive Education – Pros et Contras (Polemic)
Authors: Šćepanović Marinela , Nikolić Snežana , Mitrović Nebojša
Published: January 2024

Inclusive education needs constant support for its development and improvement. It is a long and demanding process that requires many changes, both in society and its attitude toward the rights and needs of all children to education, as well as in the management of the education system, which certainly implies the provision of various forms of support for inclusive education. From the position of an approach based on human rights, requirements move in the direction of the complete derogation of all segregated environments for children with disabilities; such attitudes are not emphasized on positive experiences in segregation (separate and stimulating education of the gifted, for example). We cannot ignore the need for children with different abilities for additional educational support. But is it reasonable to expect that teachers can respond to all the challenges that inclusive education sets before them in the context of the requirement to adapt the approach to the needs of each child? In polemic, we discuss the power and weakness of mainstream schools to respond to the requirements of the modern concept of inclusive education for all children and the need to keep professional individual educational support services for children who need them.
Post-Prostatectomy Urinary Incontinence
Authors: Marino Filippo , Rossi Francesco , Sacco Emilio
Published: January 2024

Post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence (PPUI) represents the most bothersome long-term complication of prostatectomy. While the risk of PPUI due to invasive treatments of benign prostatic hyperplasia appears to be low (about 1%), the risk is significantly higher after radical prostatectomy (10–50%). Although both external urethral sphincter deficiency and bladder dysfunctions have been considered responsible for PPUI, sphincter deficiency is the most important determinant. Fortunately, PPUI can be effectively cured by specialized management. The first-line treatment based on pelvic floor muscle training has been shown to accelerate continence recovery. Duloxetine is the only available medical treatment demonstrating clinical efficacy for mild-to-moderate PPUI. However, side effects commonly lead to 15–31% of withdrawal. As a result, in the case of refractory PPUI, more invasive options are recommended including artificial urinary sphincters and male slings. Level 1 evidence has been achieved on the efficacy of these surgical treatments that need to be indicated based on an accurate preoperative workout and shared decision-making.
Perspective Chapter: Smart Liquid Cooling Solutions for Advanced Microelectronic Systems
Authors: Vilarrubí Montse
Published: January 2024

Thermal management is today a primary focus in the electronics industry due to the continuous increase of power density in chips increasingly smaller in size, which has become a critical issue in fast-growing industries such as data centers. As air-cooling fails to meet the high heat extraction demands of this sector, liquid cooling emerges as a promising alternative. Nevertheless, advanced microelectronic components require a cooling system that not only reduces the energetic consumption but also enhances the thermal performance by minimizing the thermal resistance and ensuring high-temperature uniformities, especially under variable heat load scenarios with high heat dissipating hotspot regions, where conventional liquid cooling solutions prove inefficient. This chapter provides an overview of different passive heat transfer enhancement techniques of micro heat sinks from the literature, focusing on intelligent and adaptive solutions designed to optimize the cooling performance based on local and instantaneous cooling requirements for non-uniform and time-dependent power distribution maps.
KAJIAN AWAL PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT DESA PEMATANG SAPANG KECAMATAN ARMA JAYA KABUPATEN BENGKULU UTARA MENUJU DESA WISATA RINTISAN
Authors: Septiana Anggraini  , Fahrurrozi  , Hasanudin  , Ahmad Zikri
Published: January 2024

Agrowisata merupakan bentuk kegiatan pariwisata yang memanfaatkan usaha berbasis pertanian sebagai objek wisata dengan tujuan untuk memperluas pengetahuan, pengalaman rekreasi, dan hubungan usaha di bidang pertanian. Desa Pematang Sapang Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara memiliki potensi wisata yang cukup baik untuk dikembangkan menjadi Desa Wisata Rintisan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi masyarakat dalam mempersiapkan desa Pematang Sapang menjadi Desa Wisata Rintisan. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuesioner dan wawancara dalam diskusi grup terarah.  Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa desa Pematang Sapang Kecamatan Arma Jaya Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara memiliki potensi agrowisata yang dapat dikembangkan untuk menjadi Desa Wisata Rintisan. Masyarakat desa Pematang Sapang berkeyakinan bahwa kegiatan agrowisata memiliki dampak positif bagi masyarakat dan lingkungan, meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat, menggiatkan aktivitas pertanian dan membuka lapangan pekerjaan. Penyiapan desa Pematang Sapang menjadi Desa Wisata Rintisan masih memerlukan kajian lanjut yang lebih komprehensif dan mendalam.
PEMBENTUKAN SEKOLAH PEREMPUAN SEBAGAI UPAYA PREVENTIF KEKERASAN SEKSUAL PEREMPUAN DAN ANAK DI NAGAN RAYA ACEH
Authors: Simangunsong Friska Verawati , Mardiah Nellis
Published: January 2024

Penanganan dalam pencegahan kekerasan seksual terhadap perempuan dan anak yang ada di Kabupaten Nagan Raya Aceh terkhusus di gampong dapat diimplementasikan melalui sekolah perempuan yang sudah terbentuk. Sekolah perempuan merupakan kreativitas yang dibentuk langsung oleh Ormawa Himpunan Mahasiswa Ilmu Administrasi Negara (Himadistra) sebagaimana organisasi publik yang berkoordinasi langsung dengan instansi pemerintah Gampong Meunasah Krueng dan pemerintahan Kabupaten Nagan Raya. Tujuan ini merupakan sebagai upaya pencegahan kekerasan seksual perempuan dan anak melalui sekolah perempuan untuk menciptakan pemberdayaan masyarakat gampong. Metode dalam kegiatan ini metode PALS dengan pendekatan teori ACTORS. Teknik pengumpulan data yang diambil dari hasil wawancara, buku panduan serta FGD (Focus Group Disscusion). Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa upaya pencegahan kekerasan seksual terdapat pada input dan output program sebagaimana partisipasi selama pelaksanaan program dan sistem output program. Berdasarkan masukan, Ormawa Himadistra, instansi pemerintah Kabupaten Nagan Raya dan segenap lapisan gampong merespons dengan sangat positif keberadaan sekolah perempuan yang telah dibentuk dalam upaya pencegahan kekerasan seksual di lingkungan masyarakat. Adapun outputnya, pembentukan sekolah perempuan tersebut berdasarkan keputusan dan legalitas organisasi yang disetujui oleh pemerintah gampong dan pemerintah Kabupaten Nagan Raya sehingga masyarakat dapat percaya diri berkomitmen sebagai aktor pelapor dan pelopor dengan acuan alur pelaporan yang sudah terbentuk. Kesimpulannya bahwa melalui sekolah perempuan dengan sumber daya manusia seksual yang terlibat sangat membantu masyarakat gampong dalam menangani kasus kekerasan
PELATIHAN TEACHING ENGLISH TO YOUNG LEARNER UNTUK GURU DI PAUD AL HIKMAH DESA GEDUNG RAJA
Authors: Pamungkas Arimbi , Tri Dewantari  , Maya Oktavia
Published: January 2024

The problem that arises in learning English for early childhood is the teacher's understanding of using appropriate media and methods in the process of learning English for early childhood at PAUD Al Hikmah, Gedung Raja Village, Abung Pekurun District, North Lampung Regency. This community service activity was carried out with the aim of providing Teaching English to Young Learner training for Al Hikmah PAUD teachers, Gedung Raja village, Abung Pekurun District, North Lampung Regency. This activity aims to provide teachers with insight and knowledge about how to teach English for early childhood. The method used in this activity is the lecture and discussion method. The steps for this activity are preparation, implementation, and evaluation. After the three stages have been completed, it can be concluded that using appropriate media and methods in learning English can make it easier for teachers to introduce English to young children. The results of community service carried out face to face went smoothly and well.
Stop-Motion Animation’s Object Substitutions and Non-Depictive Representation
Authors: Comiskey Andrea Marie ,   Society for the Philosophic Study of the Contemporary Visual Arts
Published: January 2024

This article explores a distinctive representational strategy used in stop-motion animation: the object substitution. Using as its central example a children’s TV episode in which brushes stand in for dogs, it explains how this strategy produces a complex relationship between depiction and representation. The analysis highlights the pragmatic underpinnings of various theories of pictorial and cinematic representation, arguing that, in a substitution, depicted elements constitute explicatures and represented ones implicatures. Connecting this strategy to humans’ capacity for pareidolia (seeing things in other things), it contends that an object substitution achieves its effects—and reconciles its marked incongruities—by prompting viewers to pleasurably reverse-engineer the far-fetched projective imagining that motivated its use. This process, which is a form of conceptual blending, is based on relations that are neither straightforwardly iconic nor purely arbitrary.
STRATEGI PEMBINGKAIAN MEDIA ONLINE DALAM PEMBERITAAN GIBRAN BICARA NAIK LEVEL JADI GUBERNUR DI 2024
Authors: Java Simamora Andreas Julangdi , Pohan Syafruddin
Published: January 2024

ABSTRAK
Sekarang ini dunia sudah berada dalam era digital, dimana semua orang sudah hidup berdampingan dengan teknologi. Teknologi sudah menjadi kebutuhan sekaligus partner dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan setiap orang. Semua hal yang dilakukan sudah sangat bergantung kepada teknologi, termasuk dalam membaca berita. Situs berita online merupakan tempat orang-orang untuk membaca berita, dimana salah satunya adalah detik.com. Tahun depan yaitu tahun 2024 merupakan tahun yang dinanti-nantikan oleh setiap orang karena untuk pertama kalinya segala jenis pemilu yang ada di Indonesia akan diadakan secara serentak. Penelitian ini mencoba membedah berita dengan judul “Gibran Bicara Naik Level Jadi Gubernur di 2024: Saya Orangnya Ngalir” menggunakan strategi pembingkaian model Kosicki dan Pan dengan pembagian empat jenis yaitu skrip, sintaksis, retorik dan tematik.
Kata Kunci: strategi pembingkaian, situs berita online, 2024
 
ABSTRACT
Nowadays world has been in the digital era, where everyone has lived side by side with techs. Techs have been becoming needs and partner in almost every aspect of life for human. Everything’s done depends on tech, included when they’re reading news. Online news sites are where people read news, one of them is detik.com. Next year, 2024 is the first time Indonesia will arrange every general election that’s available, and that’s why everyone is looking for that year. This reseach is trying to dissect a news with headline”Gibran talks about possibility to level up in becoming a governor in 2024 : I am a flowing person” using Kosicki and Pan framing strategy model with four parts, which are script, syntaxys, rhetorical, and thematic.
Keywords :  framing strategy, online news site, 2024
ANALISIS PREFERENSI DAN PERSEPSI KONSUMEN TERHADAP FASHION HALAL (STUDI KASUS PADA MAHASISWA EKONOMI SYARIAH 2021-2023)
Authors: Wafiah Wafa , Maharani Addin Laila , Mustafiani Dea , Tiarahman Robi
Published: January 2024

Halal fashion merupakan salah satu sektor halal yang kini sangat menjanjikan. Namun, seringkali kita temui beberapa konsumen dalam hal ini adalah mahasiswa masih keliru mengenai apa arti dari halal fesyen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur pemahaman dan preferensi mahasiswa terhadap fashion halal apakah sudah sesuai dengan fashion halal yang sebenarnya atau masih ada kekeliruan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner sebagai alat utama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman mahasiswa Ekonomi Syariah terhadap prinsip Halal Fashion masih perlu ditingkatkan, dan brand serta label fashion halal memainkan peran krusial dalam membentuk preferensi dan persepsi terhadap fashion halal.
ABSTRACT
Halal fashion is one of the promising halal sectors nowadays. However, often we find that some consumers, particularly students, are still confused about the meaning of halal fashion. The purpose of this research is to measure the understanding and preferences of students towards halal fashion, whether it aligns with the true concept of halal fashion or if there are still misconceptions. The research method employed is qualitative research, with a questionnaire as the main data collection tool. The findings indicate that the understanding of Sharia Economics students regarding the principles of Halal Fashion needs improvement. Additionally, it is evident that brands and labels in halal fashion play a crucial role in shaping preferences and perceptions towards halal fashion.
IMPLEMENTASI MAQASID SYARIAH DALAM BISNIS ONLINE
Authors: Salvia Putri Nabila , Malahayatie
Published: January 2024

Kesejahteraan ekonomi dalam perspektif Islam terbagi menjadi dua aspek utama, yaitu kesejahteraan dalam kehidupan dunia dan kesejahteraan dalam kehidupan akhirat. Kesejahteraan materiil diperoleh melalui peningkatan pendapatan yang memungkinkan seseorang memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya secara layak. Sementara itu, kesejahteraan rohani terkait dengan mendekatkan diri kepada Allah SWT dengan cara memelihara prinsip-prinsip Maqashid Syariah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Implementasi Maqasid Syariah Dalam Bisnis Online. Maqashid mengacu pada tujuan-tujuan yang dapat dicapai melalui syariah, dan pelaksanaannya bergantung pada pemahaman terhadap sumber utama hukum Islam, yakni Al-Quran dan Hadis. Penelitian ini berjenis deskriptif kualitatif, dengan metode pengumpulan data yang menggunakan penelusuran literatur (library research). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Maqasid Syariah dalam bisnis online telah terbukti sangat efektif dan mempermudah pengguna, serta telah memenuhi lima prinsip Maqashid Syariah yang meliputi pemeliharaan agama, jiwa, akal, keturunan, dan harta.
ABSTRACT
Economic well-being in the perspective of Islam is divided into two main aspects: well-being in worldly life and well-being in the afterlife. Material well-being is attained through increasing income that enables an individual to meet their livelihood needs adequately. Meanwhile, spiritual well-being is linked to drawing closer to Allah SWT by upholding the principles of Maqasid Shariah. This research aims to analyze the Implementation of Maqasid Shariah in Online Business. Maqasid refers to the goals achievable through Shariah, and its implementation depends on understanding the primary sources of Islamic law, namely the Quran and Hadith. This study is descriptive-qualitative in nature, employing a data collection method that involves literature review (library research). The research findings indicate that the application of Maqasid Shariah in online business has proven to be highly effective and user-friendly, meeting the five principles of Maqasid Shariah, which include the preservation of religion, life, intellect, progeny, and wealth.
Absorption Ability Of Inclusion School Students In Number Counting Operations
Authors: Sakdiyah Ismi Halimatus , Murtinasari Frida
Published: January 2024

The aim of this research is to determine the absorption capacity of Jember TPA Inclusion Middle School students after being given additional lesson hours on number counting operations material. This type of research is qualitative with a descriptive approach. The research subjects were students in classes V11, V11 and 1X of Jember TPA Inclusion Middle School. The instruments used were field notes, tests of students' ability to absorb number calculation operations and interviews. The results obtained were student absorption capacity of 67% and classical completion 35%, because classical completeness is lower than the absorption capacity, classically it is said to be incomplete, meaning that you have to repeat the previous KD even though there are several students who have completed it, so it can be said that the students' absorption capacity in number counting operations is said to be very low.
PPR2030 Collision Prediction Model for the Irish National Road Network Phase 1
Authors: Chowdhury Sritika , Makosa Herbert , Harpham Nathan , Collis Chris , Wallbank Caroline , Fletcher John
Published: January 2024

This report presents the results of Phase 1 of a two-phase project to develop Accident Prediction Models for Transport Ireland Infrastructure. The aim of these models is to assist engineers to better manage the safety of physical road features across its trunk network. Phase 1 reviewed the statistical approaches used by others to develop APMs, reviewed the data available in Ireland to develop these models and made recommendations on how these models could be developed and applied. Phase 2 developed the models and associated practitioners’ tools for Ireland.
Otoritas Ibn 'Asyur dalam Al-Tahrir Wa Al-Tanwir sebagai Pembentuk Wacana dalam Dunia Tafsir (Studi Pendekatan Michel Foucault)
Authors: Fathoni Ahmad , Zakiy Ahmad
Published: January 2024

This study aims to explore aspects of Ibn 'Asyur's authority in the tafsir al-Tahrir wa al-Tanwir as a discourse shaper in the scientific world of Qur'anic interpretation. This type of research is library research with descriptive-analytical method. The approach to be used to achieve the research objectives is the archaeology of knowledge approach initiated by Michel Foucault in the concept of power and knowledge relations. The result of this research is that Ibn 'Asyur's tafsir al-Tahrir wa al-Tanwir has an important authority in the scientific world of tafsir. This is characterized by several things. First, the complexity of Ibn 'Asyur descriptions that contain various opinions of scholars without favoring one opinion with another opinion without rational reasons creates new developments in the science of interpretation. This creates its own authority because it is able to release the tendency of laziness by moving to the aspect of rationality. Second, his expertise in the field of maqashid al-syari'ah makes him able to understand the differences in each of the arguments of the scholars of different schools and sometimes seem contradictory. With such insight, Ibn 'Asyur was able to escape the subjetivity of the madhhab and chose to be objective by containing all opinions.
Peran Pesantren dalam Meningkatkan Pendidikan Islam di Indonesia
Authors: Azhar Dzul , Anshory Isa
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this discussion is to determine the role of Islamic boarding schools in education in Indonesia. This discussion uses a qualitative approach and literature study methods. The aim of Islamic boarding school education is to develop  an Islamic personality, namely a personality who has faith and is devoted to allah SWT. Have noble character, be useful and serve the people (khadim al ummah). Islamic boarding school heve long been institutions that have made an important contribution in participating in educating the nation. Islamic boarding school are not only religious institutions. Islamic boarding schools also act as educational, scientific, training, community development institutions, bases for colonial resistance and at the same time as cultural nedes.
إدارة تنفيذ برنامج لتعليم اللغة العربية بمعهد البدرية الإسلامية لومبوك الشرقية
Authors: Hidayatillah Baiq Wahyu Diniyati , Zahro’ Fatimatuz , Arifah Zakiyah
Published: January 2024

This research discusses the implementation of the Arabic language learning program at the Al Badriyah Islamic Boarding School, with a focus on implementation management. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. Data collection uses observation, interviews and observations. The results of the research show that the management of the implementation of the Arabic language learning program at the Al Badriyah Islamic boarding school is going well. There are two Arabic language learning programs at the boarding school, namely the mandatory Arabic language program (6 months) then followed by an advanced program for those interested in deepening Arabic in firtaliya program, judging from the activities of the students, they were very enthusiastic in participating in both programs. The implementation of this Arabic language program was carried out in class and outside of class using various methods. The implementation of this learning consists of three stages, namely preliminary activities, core activities and closing. And activities that help the program process include material planning, giving mufradat, and muhadhoroh activities specifically for the firtaliya program. In order to maximize learning, Arabic is used as a daily communication tool. Within 6 months, students will be able to speak Arabic in daily activities
Sustainable Development Goal-4 with the Perspective of Public Schools in Punjab
Authors: Malik Dr. Saima , Dr. Laila Khalid  , Huma Ghulam Nabi
Published: January 2024

This qualitative study aimed to examine the practical implications of Sustainable Development Goal-4 (SDGs) in public schools of Punjab. SDG-4 targets were analyzed through an educational plan framework (Asghar, 2016). Qualitative Content Analysis (QCA) was deployed to analyze the status of implementation of SDG-4 and key gaps between the settled targets of SDG-4 and initiatives taken by the School Education Department Govt. of Punjab by organizing textual data and producing codes, and themes. Findings revealed that the School Education Department is managing three projects ie. Punjab Human Capital Investment Project (PHCIP), Actions to Strengthen Performance for Inclusive and Responsive Education (ASPIRE), and Transformation in Access, Learning, Equity & Education Management" (TALEEM) funded by World Bank and UNICEF respectively by its attached organization Punjab Monitoring and Implementation Unit-Punjab Education Sector Reforms (PMIU-PESRP). The findings of the present study are very informative as well as useful for researchers, School Education Department, and donor-funded agencies. Key recommendations include continuous teachers training; provision of resources to access quality and inclusive education; targeted interventions and societal awareness for removal of language and gender disparities in order to ensure equal learning opportunities for all.
Concept Of OM And Relativity In Herman Hesse’s Siddhartha
Authors: Hamza Hassan
Published: January 2024

Siddhartha, published in 1922, is a literary work authored by Hermann Hesse. The literary work in question explores the metaphysical odyssey of an individual named Siddhartha, who embarks on a quest for self-realization within the historical context of the Gautama Buddha's era. This article centers its attention on a specific artwork and engages in a critical examination of the notion of Om and the relative nature of the issues explored within the novel. The notion of Om, representing the interconnectedness and unity of all phenomena, serves as essential catalysts for Siddhartha's moments of enlightenment. The attainment of enlightenment by Siddhartha is facilitated by his eventual comprehension of the concept of Om. However, throughout his journey, he encounters this thought on multiple occasions, each instance provoking a transformative effect on his being. Siddhartha, feeling disillusioned with many religious doctrines, chooses to renounce all religious avenues in his pursuit of enlightenment. This article centers its attention on the philosophical notion of "om" and explores its thematic significance in the novel Siddhartha, particularly in relation to the concept of relativity.
Representation Of Woman In Urdu Literature
Authors: Muhammad Ahmed Awan  , Abdul Khalique
Published: January 2024

In the early period of literature, the concept of woman was completely traditional i.e. she had an exhibition status. Early Urdu poetry consisted of imaginations. In which woman appears as a lover. Here, the woman was either a queen or a princess. If she was a maidservant, she was so beautiful that men fell down and fainted as soon as they saw her. In Urdu poetry too, the poets distorted the original form of woman. Here, woman were limited to the limits of lovers and prostitutes, thus, in Urdu poetry and literature, woman came to be seen as an unfaithful concubine and the most important source of luxury and sensual pleasure for men. There is no mention of a woman from an average noble family because even taking a woman's name was considered bad during that time. Western education changed the makeup of the Indian woman to some extent. She realized her inferiority. He realized for the first time that there was a world outside the home.
Federation And Federating Units: A Comparative Analysis Of Pakistan's Neighboring Federal Entities
Authors: Azhar Mahmood Abbasi
Published: January 2024

The broad spectrum of ethnic, administrative, and political problems drives the demand for the creation of new federating units in various countries, particularly Pakistan. Moreover, the neighboring countries of Pakistan had witnessed the re-demarcation of states or provinces on distinct grounds and formed major or minor new federating units several times. However, Pakistan has failed to create any new province on any ground due to its complicated constitutional procedures, unstable political structure, as well as steal power politics. Furthermore, neighboring countries like India have created fifteen new states compared to its thirteen states in 1947. Currently, India has twenty-eight states and eight union territories. Similarly, the other neighboring countries like Iran, have thirty-one provinces and five unions, Afghanistan has thirty-four provinces (Wilayat) and China has thirty-one provinces and five autonomous regimes. Therefore, this present study intends to explore a comparative study of neighboring countries of Pakistan, about the creation of new provinces and thus present the key factors that why Pakistan failed to create any new province on any ground.
Development of an Online Examination System Case Study: Cyprus International University
Authors: Mabrouka Algherinai
Published: January 2024

The study set out to develop an online examination system. System design made use of entity relation diagrams (ERDs), case diagrams, site diagrams and object oriented (class) design to model system processes and entities. MYSQL was used to implement the server based database, md5 for encryption. PHP (Hypertext pre-processor) web scripting language was used to enforce interaction with the database. The online examination is an Internet based questionnaire, with questions compiled from different libraries. Its mission is to offer a quick, easy and safe way for students to take the exam. The resulting system was tested and validated. It was able to meet the required specifications and address some limitations of the previous system such as data confidentiality and security.
ESP Design Optimization and Sensitivity Analysis for Oil Well (E-05) using Prosper software
Authors: Elnori Elhaddad  , Mohammed Garoom  , Hoosam lssa
Published: January 2024

The natural reservoir pressure is often sufficient to lift the fluids to the surface. However, when excessive water and gas production occurs, the reservoir pressure may no longer be sufficient. In such cases, an artificial lift method is required to lift the fluids to the surface. The objective of this study is to improve the efficiency of the ESP system and to identify the critical parameters that affect the system's performance of oil well E.05 using Prosper software. Results were obtained and analyzed to determine the optimal design for the well. In this paper, we discussed the ESP model and its impact on productivity. The ESP model is designed to optimize parameters such as reservoir pressure, pump sitting depth, operation frequency, and number of stages. Specifically, the model recommends a reservoir pressure of 3100 psi, a pump sitting depth of 5000 ft, an operation frequency of 60 HZ, and number of stages of 225 stages. By implementing these parameters, the ESP model has been shown to significantly improve productivity.  This model boasts best pump and motor efficiency, making it a reliable choice for optimizing production. The oil flow rate for the well has increased from 916 STB / D to 1008 STB / D, indicating a successful current design for the well. Further research is needed to better understand the factors that affect ESP performance, such as wellbore conditions, fluid properties, and pump design.
التعليم ودوره في تنظيم الأسرة الليبية من وجهة نظر أعضاء هيئة التدريس وموظفات كلية العلوم الإنسانية بالجامعة الأسمرية الإسلامية دراسة ميدانية على عينة من أستاذات وموظفات كلية العلوم الإنسانية بالجامعة الأسمرية الإسلامية زليتن
Authors: أ. أبوبكــــر مفتــــــاح أحمــد التونســــي  , أ. آمـــــال عبـدالســــلام عبــدالله الهلــــــــيب
Published: January 2024

نظراً لأهمية موضوع تنظيم الأسرة وعلاقته بالعديد من المتغيرات كالدخل والمهنة والحالة الاقتصادية والمستوي التعليمي وغيرها من المتغيرات الأخرى لذلك حاول الباحث في هذا البحث تبيّن أثر التعليم علي تنظيم الأسرة ومدي مساهمة التعليم في الرفع من معدلات انتشار وسائل تنظيم الأسرة في المجتمع ، وأنطلق هذا البحث من فرضية مفادها كلما أرتفع المستوي التعليمي كلما ارتفع استخدام وسائل تنظيم الأسرة، ولقد أعتمد الباحث علي المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وجري البحث علي عينة من الموظفات والأستاذات المتزوجات بكلية العلوم الإنسانية بالجامعة الأسمرية الإسلامية زليتن ونظراً لصغر حجم مجتمع البحث فلقد أخذ الباحثان جميع وحدات مجتمع البحث ، ولقد تم استخدام الاستبيان في عملية جمع البيانات نظراً لملائمتها لنوع البحث، وأعتمد الباحث على بعض المصادر والمراجع ذات العلاقة بموضوع البحث مثل بعض البحوث والدراسات السابقة التي أجريت حول الموضوع وبعض المصادر والكتب ذات العلاقة بموضوع السكان وتنظيم الأسرة والتقارير الصادرة عن منظمة الأمم المتحدة واليونيسف وبعض المنظمات المهتمة بمسألة الأسرة وتنظيم الأسرة، ولقد توصل البحث للعديد من النتائج منها النتائج كلما زاد مستوي تعليم زادت التوعية بتنظيم الأسرة، وأن القناعة الشخصية للمبحوث اخدت نسبة اعلي وكذلك مستوي جامعي وما فوق، وبيّن البحث السبب في انخفاض النمو السكاني وخصوبة المرأة في المجتمع التعليمي من خلال الإجابة حيث كانت بالنفي من خلال بأن هناك رغبة في مزيد من الانجاب من لديهن مستوي تعليم جامعي وما فوق بنسبة 71% كما أن غالبية أفراد العينة يرغبن ويوافقن على عملية تنظيم الأسرة حيث بلغت نسبتهن مايقرب من 96.2%، بصفة عامة ساهم التعليم في تنظيم الأسرة بطريقة مباشرة أو غير مباشرة فتأخر الزواج واستخدم وسائل تنظيم الأسرة وتحديد النسل وخفض الخصوبة ترتفع بشكل واضح لدي شريحة المستوي التعليمي الجامعي فما فوق، ويوصي الباحث بإعطاء أهمية أكبر لعملية تنظيم الأسرة داخل المجتمع الليبي نظراً للأهمية الكبيرة للأسرة وكذلك المرآة والانجاب، وكذلك استحداث مراكز رعاية للأمومة ومحاولة تعريف النساء بوسائل تنظيم الأسرة، نشر سياسات تنظيم الأسرة على مختلف أنحاء البلاد وتوعية المواطنين حولها، إجراء الندوات والمؤتمرات العلمية المتعلقة بموضوع تنظيم الأسرة، وذلك لزيادة تثقيف النساء حول برامج تنظيم الأسرة، وفتح آفاق جديدة لدراسة موضوع تنظيم الأسرة وزيادة الاهتمام به .
المشاكل التي تواجه الإعلاميين في ليبيا (دراسة ميدانية على واقع الإعلام الليبي)
Authors: امحمد قائد امحمد محمد
Published: January 2024

استهدفت هذه الدراسة للتعرف على عمل الإعلام الليبي بعد 2011 والكشف عن المشاكل والضغوطات التي تواجه عمل الصحافيين بالمؤسسة العامة للصحافة في ليبيا، وإن الأوضاع السياسية والأمنية في البلاد أكثر الأسباب التي أدت إلى ضعف مواكبة الصحف للأخبار والأحداث والقضايا، في ظل عدم توفر الأمن ووسائل الحماية للصحفيين في عملية الحصول على الأخبار والمعلومات أثناء قيامهم بعملهم الصحفي. وفهم أكثر الأسباب التي أدت لضعف الإعلام الليبي وهي محدودية هامش الحرية بصحف المؤسسة العامة للصحافة هي ضغوطات الجماعات المسلحة وعدم وجود تشريعات وقوانين تحمي الصحفيين.
الاحتلال النورماني لمدينة طرابلس من الفترة (541–553 ه/1146–1158م)
Authors: أسماء موسى علي زايد
Published: January 2024

بعد أن نجح النورمان سنة 484 ه / 1091 م في الاستيلاء على جزيرة صقلية ، وإنهاء الوجود الإسلامي بها ، الذي استمر لأكثر من قرنين ونصف من الزمان ، وجدوا أن الفرصة سانحة للتوسع نحو سواحل إفريقية التي كانت بدورها تعاني من ضعف واضطراب في الأوضاع الداخلية ، فإمارة بني زيري تقلّصت مناطق نفوذها ، وأصبحت معظمها واقعة تحت سيطرة قبائل الأعراب من بني هلال وبني سليم ، كما أن الدولة الفاطمية التي تنافس الزيريين في السيطرة على إفريقية ، كانت هي الأخرى منشغلة بأمورها الداخلية وبمحاربة الصليبيين ببلاد الشام ؛ أما بلاد المغرب فكانت تعاني من التصارع ما بين المرابطين والموحدين الذين ظهروا كقوة جديدة منافسة لهم على مسرح الأحداث السياسية ببلاد المغرب الأقصى .

وفي ظل تلك الظروف قام النورمان بشن ثلاث حملات عسكرية على مدينة طرابلس ؛ الأولى كانت سنة 537 ه / 1142 م ، وانتهت بالفشل بفضل مساندة أعراب الدواخل لأهل المدينة في صد الهجوم ، والحملة الثانية سنة 539 ه / 1144 م كانت بقصد السلب والنهب ثم انسحبت ؛ وبعد أن حلّت مجاعة سنة 540 ه / 1145 م وما تعرّضت له المدينة من نزوح سكاني ، وحدوث اضطرابات داخلية بها ، ضد جند بني مطروح وإخراجهم من المدينة ، وجد النورمان الفرصة سانحة للسيطرة عليها بحملة ثالثة سنة 541 ه / 1146 م واستمرت السيطرة عليها حتى سنة 553 ه / 1158 م حتى تمكن أهلها بمساندة من أعراب بني هلال وبني سليم ، تحرير مدينتهم وإرجاع ابن مطروح واليا عليها .

يتناول البحث ظهور النورمان كقوة جديدة في البحر المتوسط، واستيلائهم على جزيرة صقلية، ودوافع غزوهم لساحل إفريقية ولاسيّما مدينة طرابلس، وكيف ساعدت الأوضاع الداخلية المضطربة في إنجاح المشروع النورماني والسيطرة على المدينة لفترة من الزمن، وكيف كانت مدينة طرابلس تحت حُكمهم، والنتائج التي ترتّبت عليه؟ .
اثر تطبيق برنامج الحكومة الاليكترونية في تحسين الخدمات المقدمة في الجامعات الليبية وفي جامعة بني وليد من وجهة نظر أعضاء هيئة التدريس
Authors: د.محمد عبدالواحد الشرع  , د.مراد علي حسن
Published: January 2024

هدفت الدراسة للتعرف على درجة تطبيق الحكومة الاليكترونية وعلاقتها بتحسين الخدمات في الجامعات الليبية الحكومية في جامعة بني وليد من وجهة نظر أعضاء هيئة التدريس، وتكونت عينة الدراسة مناثنان وثمانون عضو هيئة تدريس من كلا الجنسين، وتم تصميم استبانة بمحورين اساسيين : المحور الأول: لقياس درجة تطبيق الحكومة الاليكترونية لدى الجامعات الليبية الحكومية، والثاني: لقياس مستوى تحسين الخدمات لدى الجامعات الليبية الحكومية وقد تم التأكد من صدقهما وثباتهما وأظهرت الدراسة نتائج منها:

أن درجة تطبيق الحكومة الاليكترونية في الجامعات الليبية الحكومية  في جامعة بني وليد من وجهة نظر أعضاء هيئة التدريس متوسطة.

وجود فروق دالة إحصائيا عند مستوى الدلالة ( 0.05≥α)  بين متوسطات تقديرات أفراد العينة لدرجة تطبيق الحكومة الاليكترونية في الجامعات الليبية الحكومية  في جامعة بني وليد من وجهة نظر أعضاء هيئة التدريس تؤيد لاختلاف متغير الجنس، لصالح الذكور.

وجود علاقة ارتباطية ايجابية ودالة إحصائيا بين درجة تطبيق الحكومة الاليكترونية وتحسين الخدمات، إذ بلغت قيمة معامل ارتباط بيرسون 0.732.
دراسة بكتريولوجية وكيميائية حيوية لعدوى المسالك البولية في بعض عينات البول ومقارنة نتائج التحاليل بين مختبرات بني وليد
Authors: منال عبد الرحيم صالح
Published: January 2024

التهابات المسالك البولية تعد من اهم واكثر الامراض شيوعا اذ تحدث نتيجة الاصابة بالبكتريا وتكاثرها في الجهاز البولي، وبإجراء تحليل البول يمكن التوصل لتشخيص صحيح أمراض الجهاز البولي . وهذه التحاليل تحدد من قبل الطبيب الفاحص وذلك على حسب الحالة المرضية الراهنة التي تم تشخيصها سريرياً، ومن أجل أن تكون النتائج المخبرية والتحاليل صحيحة لابد من الالتزام والتقيد بإجراءات كيفية جمع عينات البول وحفظها داخل المختبر.

أجريت هذه الدراسة في مختبرات بني وليد  في الفترة ما بين (ديسمبر2022 الي فبراير 2023)، هدفت هذه الدراسة الى التعريف بمرض إلتهاب المسالك البولية وتوضيح طرق تحليل البول وتقييم بعض المتغيرات الكيميائية والمجهرية المصاحبة للمرض والمقارنة بين المختبرات في دقة وجوده تحاليلها. شملت الدراسة شقين: الشق الاول دراسة تحليلية لنتائج المرضي تحليل البول لعدد 45 عينة لمرض التهاب المسالك البولية تم الحصول عليها من سجل مصحة أيادى الرحمة لكلا الجنسين )ذكور واناث) بمختلف الفئات العمرية. الشق الثاني من الدراسة مقارنة النتائج تحليل لعدد 6 أشخاص من مختلف الفئات العمرية ثم إجراءها لقياس دقة وجودة التحاليل في ستة مختبرات فى مدينة بني وليد.  تم تقييم نتائج المرضي في هذه الدراسة بناءاً علي معطيات الفحوص المخبرية واستخدام برنامج أكسل Excel الإحصائي لدراسة النتائج . ومقارنتها بنتائج عالمية. اظهرت الدراسة أن نسبة الإصابة في  الاناث بنسبه (68%)، كما لوحظ ارتفاع فى الفئة العمرية (40 – 21) سنة بنسبة (48.8%). اوضحت نتائج الفحص المجهري والكيميائي وجود خلايا طلائية Epithelial cells بنسبة (84.4%) وخلايا الصديد Pus cells بنسبة (62.2%) والمخاط Mucus بنسبة (66.6%). بينما التشخيص الجرثومي اوضح ارتفاع في النمو الجرثومي المفرد لبكتيريا الكروية cocci بنسبة (60%). كما اظهرت نتائج المقارنة فى مختبرات بني وليد تفاوت واختلاف كبير وعدم تشابه فى نتائج التحليل لكل عينة وهذا يؤدي الى وقوع الاطباء فى خطر التشخيص الخاطئ بناءاً على نتائج تحاليل ليست دقيقة من قبل الفنيين والمختبرات. على ضوء النتائج المتحصلة وضعت توصيات للحد من المرض وتجنب الأخطاء التحليلة.
المسؤولية المدنية الناتجة عن سوء استخدام البطاقة الائتمانية
Authors: أ. أوريدة عبد الجواد صالح
Published: January 2024

تعتبر البطاقات الائتمانية أداة دفع مصرفية حديثة لاقت رواجاً كبيراً في الآونة الأخيرة كبديل عن النقود في عملية الدفع، سيما في ظل أزمة السيولة التي تمر بها بلدنا ليبيا والتي حذا بهذه الأداة أن تقوم بتخفيف العبء على المواطنين في الوفاء بالتزاماتهم.

وتكمن أهمية هذه الدراسة في حداثة التعامل بهذه الأداة مع الانتشار الواسع لها في الحياة اليومية، وما يقابل ذلك من إشكالية غياب النصوص القانونية التي تحكم العلاقات التعاقدية المنبثقة عنها في القانون المدني الليبي، والمسؤولية المدنية الناتجة عن الإخلال في الالتزامات الملقاة على عاتقهم، الأمر الذي جعل الجهات المصدرة لبطاقة الائتمان تنفرد بوضع الشروط الخاصة بإصدارها مراعية في ذلك ما يخدم مصالحها الخاصة، ودون الأخذ بعين الاعتبار مصالح الطرف المقابل، مما يجعل وصف هذا العقد بأنه عقد من عقود الإذعان.

واعتمدت هذه الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، فتناولت بدايةً ماهية البطاقات الائتمانية، والتكييف القانوني لها، والآثار المترتبة عن استخدام هذه البطاقة، والمسؤولية المدنية الناتجة عن سوء استخدامها من قبل أطرافها، وطرق التعويض عنها. وأخيراً خاتمة تتضمن النتائج، وبعض التوصيات ولعل أهمها هو أن يقوم المشرع الليبي بوضع نصوص قانونية خاصة تنظم عمل البطاقات الائتمانية، باعتبارها صورة حديثة من صور الائتمان، ولما يتميز به نظامها من كونه عقد مركب، وذو طبيعة خاصة.