bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A dual role for peripheral GDNF signaling in nociception and cardiovascular reflexes in the mouse
Authors: Queme Luis F. , Weyler Alex A. , Cohen Elysia R. , Hudgins Renita C. , Jankowski Michael P.
Published: December 2019

Significance

This work shows that increased muscle-derived glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) acting through its receptor GDNF family receptor α1 on primary group III/IV muscle afferents modulates both nociception and the cardiovascular response to exercise. Importantly, unilateral ischemic muscle injuries not only produce pain-related behaviors in the affected limb, but they also affect sympathetic reflexes systemically. This dual function of primary muscle afferents under ischemic conditions potentially explains why patients with disorders such as sickle cell anemia or peripheral vascular disease concurrently report pain and altered exercise pressor reflexes. Results further highlight the potential use of localized anti-GDNF antibodies as a therapeutic option for these clinical conditions.
Peripheral (not central) corneal epithelia contribute to the closure of an annular debridement injury
Authors: Park Mijeong , Richardson Alexander , Pandzic Elvis , Lobo Erwin P. , Lyons J. Guy , Di Girolamo Nick
Published: December 2019

Significance

The well-accepted proposition that central corneal epithelia have limited self-renewal and therefore poor regenerative capacity has recently been challenged. However, methods for real-time monitoring to identify which cells take part in this process are scant. In this study, we visualized and quantified the contribution of central versus peripheral/limbal epithelia during annular wound healing by intravital imaging, through an organ culture system, and via computational modeling. Our results verify the contribution of K14
+
limbal-derived stem cells and their early progeny in playing a vital role in this process, while central corneal epithelia contribute minimally to wound closure.
How tissue fluidity influences brain tumor progression
Authors: Streitberger Kaspar-Josche , Lilaj Ledia , Schrank Felix , Braun Jürgen , Hoffmann Karl-Titus , Reiss-Zimmermann Martin , Käs Josef A. , Sack Ingolf
Published: December 2019

Significance

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant brain tumor in adults, with one of the most dismal prognoses of all cancers. Yet, the reason why GBM grows so fast and aggressively is not understood. Our study provides an intriguingly simple explanation for the infiltrative behavior of GBM by looking at fluidity—a material property that quantifies the viscous behavior of biological tissues measured in vivo by magnetic resonance elastography. We show that fluidity of neurotumors is anomalous in that it decreases as water content increases, enabling GBM to infiltratively finger into normal surrounding brain matter. Fluidity might thus become an important target for cancer research and opens horizons for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
Anticipating critical transitions in epithelial–hybrid-mesenchymal cell-fate determination
Authors: Sarkar Sukanta , Sinha Sudipta Kumar , Levine Herbert , Jolly Mohit Kumar , Dutta Partha Sharathi
Published: December 2019

In the vicinity of a tipping point, critical transitions occur when small changes in an input condition cause sudden, large, and often irreversible changes in the state of a system. Many natural systems ranging from ecosystems to molecular biosystems are known to exhibit critical transitions in their response to stochastic perturbations. In diseases, an early prediction of upcoming critical transitions from a healthy to a disease state by using early-warning signals is of prime interest due to potential application in forecasting disease onset. Here, we analyze cell-fate transitions between different phenotypes (epithelial, hybrid-epithelial/mesenchymal [E/M], and mesenchymal states) that are implicated in cancer metastasis and chemoresistance. These transitions are mediated by a mutually inhibitory feedback loop—microRNA-200/ZEB—driven by the levels of transcription factor SNAIL. We find that the proximity to tipping points enabling these transitions among different phenotypes can be captured by critical slowing down-based early-warning signals, calculated from the trajectory of ZEB messenger RNA level. Further, the basin stability analysis reveals the unexpectedly large basin of attraction for a hybrid-E/M phenotype. Finally, we identified mechanisms that can potentially elude the transition to a hybrid-E/M phenotype. Overall, our results unravel the early-warning signals that can be used to anticipate upcoming epithelial–hybrid-mesenchymal transitions. With the emerging evidence about the hybrid-E/M phenotype being a key driver of metastasis, drug resistance, and tumor relapse, our results suggest ways to potentially evade these transitions, reducing the fitness of cancer cells and restricting tumor aggressiveness.
Imaging the effect of the circadian light–dark cycle on the glymphatic system in awake rats
Authors: Cai Xuezhu , Qiao Ju , Kulkarni Praveen , Harding Ian C. , Ebong Eno , Ferris Craig F.
Published: December 2019

The glymphatic system functions in the removal of potentially harmful metabolites and proteins from the brain. Dynamic, contrast-enhanced MRI was used in fully awake rats to follow the redistribution of intraventricular contrast agent entrained to the light–dark cycle and its hypothetical relationship to the sleep–waking cycle, blood flow, and brain temperature in specific brain areas. Brain areas involved in circadian timing and sleep–wake rhythms showed the lowest redistribution of contrast agent during the light phase or time of inactivity and sleep in rats. Global brain redistribution of contrast agent was heterogeneous. The redistribution was highest along the dorsal cerebrum and lowest in the midbrain/pons and along the ventral surface of the brain. This heterogeneous redistribution of contrast agent paralleled the gradients and regional variations in brain temperatures reported in the literature for awake animals. Three-dimensional quantitative ultrashort time-to-echo contrast-enhanced imaging was used to reconstruct small, medium, and large arteries and veins in the rat brain and revealed areas of lowest redistribution overlapped with this macrovasculature. This study raises new questions and theoretical considerations of the impact of the light–dark cycle, brain temperature, and blood flow on the function of the glymphatic system.
Retroconversion of estrogens into androgens by bacteria via a cobalamin-mediated methylation
Authors: Wang Po-Hsiang , Chen Yi-Lung , Wei Sean Ting-Shyang , Wu Kan , Lee Tzong-Huei , Wu Tien-Yu , Chiang Yin-Ru
Published: December 2019

Steroid estrogens modulate physiology and development of vertebrates. Conversion of C
19
androgens into C
18
estrogens is thought to be an irreversible reaction. Here, we report a denitrifying
Denitratisoma
sp. strain DHT3 capable of catabolizing estrogens or androgens anaerobically. Strain DHT3 genome contains a polycistronic gene cluster,
emtABCD
, differentially transcribed under estrogen-fed conditions and predicted to encode a cobalamin-dependent methyltransferase system conserved among estrogen-utilizing anaerobes; an
emtA
-disrupted DHT3 derivative could catabolize androgens but not estrogens. These data, along with the observed androgen production in estrogen-fed strain DHT3 cultures, suggested the occurrence of a cobalamin-dependent estrogen methylation to form androgens. Consistently, the estrogen conversion into androgens in strain DHT3 cell extracts requires methylcobalamin and is inhibited by propyl iodide, a specific inhibitor of cobalamin-dependent enzymes. The identification of the cobalamin-dependent estrogen methylation thus represents an unprecedented metabolic link between cobalamin and steroid metabolism and suggests that retroconversion of estrogens into androgens occurs in the biosphere.
Inhibition of ULK1 and Beclin1 by an α-herpesvirus Akt-like Ser/Thr kinase limits autophagy to stimulate virus replication
Authors: Rubio Rosa M. , Mohr Ian
Published: December 2019

Significance

As a catabolic program that maintains homeostasis during adversity, autophagy is an immune defense restricting pathogenesis of viruses, including HSV-1. While HSV-1 ICP34.5 interferes with host Beclin1 to suppress autophagy and support virus replication in neurons, whether autophagy is a cell type-specific antiviral response or broadly limits HSV-1 replication in nonneuronal cells is unknown. We show that the HSV-1 Us3 Ser/Thr kinase antagonizes autophagy in nonneuronal cells. Phosphorylation of autophagy regulators ULK1 and Beclin1 was Us3 dependent and Beclin1 was identified as a direct Us3 substrate. Finally, replication of Us3-deficient HSV-1 was enhanced by depleting ULK1 and Beclin1. This establishes that autophagy limits HSV-1 replication in nonneuronal cells and reveals a new function for the Us3 kinase encoded by α-herpesviruses.
Comprehensive analysis of a mouse model of spontaneous uveoretinitis using single-cell RNA sequencing
Authors: Heng Jacob S. , Hackett Sean F. , Stein-O’Brien Genevieve L. , Winer Briana L. , Williams John , Goff Loyal A. , Nathans Jeremy
Published: December 2019

Autoimmune uveoretinitis is a significant cause of visual loss, and mouse models offer unique opportunities to study its disease mechanisms.Aire−/−mice fail to express self-antigens in the thymus, exhibit reduced central tolerance, and develop a spontaneous, chronic, and progressive uveoretinitis. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we characterized wild-type andAire−/−retinas to define, in a comprehensive and unbiased manner, the cell populations and gene expression patterns associated with disease. Based on scRNA-seq, immunostaining, and in situ hybridization, we infer that 1) the dominant effector response inAire−/−retinas is Th1-driven, 2) a subset of monocytes convert to either a macrophage/microglia state or a dendritic cell state, 3) the development of tertiary lymphoid structures constitutes part of theAire−/−retinal phenotype, 4) all major resident retinal cell types respond to interferon gamma (IFNG) by changing their patterns of gene expression, and 5) Muller glia up-regulate specific genes in response to IFN gamma and may act as antigen-presenting cells.
Affinity maturation in a human humoral response to influenza hemagglutinin
Authors: McCarthy Kevin R. , Raymond Donald D. , Do Khoi T. , Schmidt Aaron G. , Harrison Stephen C.
Published: December 2019

Affinity maturation of the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) is a conserved and crucial component of the adaptive immune response. BCR lineages, inferred from paired heavy- and light-chain sequences of rearranged Ig genes from multiple descendants of the same naive B cell precursor (the lineages’ unmutated common ancestor, “UCA”), make it possible to reconstruct the underlying somatic evolutionary history. We present here an extensive structural and biophysical analysis of a lineage of BCRs directed against the receptor binding site (RBS) of subtype H1 influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA). The lineage includes 8 antibodies detected directly by sequencing, 3 in 1 principal branch and 5 in the other. When bound to HA, the heavy-chain third complementarity determining region (HCDR3) fits with an invariant pose into the RBS, but in each of the 2 branches, the rest of the Fab reorients specifically, from its position in the HA-bound UCA, about a hinge at the base of HCDR3. New contacts generated by the reorientation compensate for contacts lost as the H1 HA mutated during the time between the donor’s initial exposure and the vaccination that preceded sampling. Our data indicate that a “pluripotent” naive response differentiated, in each branch, into 1 of its possible alternatives. This property of naive BCRs and persistence of multiple branches of their progeny lineages can offer broader protection from evolving pathogens than can a single, linear pathway of somatic mutation.
The emergence of classical BSE from atypical/Nor98 scrapie
Authors: Huor Alvina , Espinosa Juan Carlos , Vidal Enric , Cassard Hervé , Douet Jean-Yves , Lugan Séverine , Aron Naima , Marín-Moreno Alba , Lorenzo Patricia , Aguilar-Calvo Patricia , Badiola Juan , Bolea Rosa , Pumarola Martí , Benestad Sylvie L. , Orge Leonore , Thackray Alana M. , Bujdoso Raymond , Torres Juan-Maria , Andreoletti Olivier
Published: December 2019

Significance

The origin of transmissible BSE in cattle remains unestablished. Sheep scrapie is a potential source of this known zoonotic. Here we investigated the capacity of sheep scrapie to propagate in bovine PrP transgenic mice. Unexpectedly, transmission of atypical but not classical scrapie in bovine PrP mice resulted in propagation of classical BSE prions. Detection of prion seeding activity by in vitro protein misfolding cyclic amplification demonstrated BSE prions in the original atypical scrapie isolates. BSE prion seeding activity was also detected in ovine PrP mice inoculated with limiting dilutions of atypical scrapie. Our data demonstrate that classical BSE prions can emerge during intra- and interspecies passage of atypical scrapie and provide an unprecedented insight into the evolution of mammalian prions.
Chronotopic (non)modernity in translocal mobile messaging among Chinese migrants in the UK
Authors: Lyons Agnieszka , Tagg Caroline , Hu Rachel
Published: December 2019

Migration is often seen as crossing both space and time, from the traditional past to the modern present, while
leading to perceived changes in migrants themselves. This article draws on data from a large ethnographic project to explore the
ways in which Chinese translocal families dispersed between China, Hong Kong and the UK exploit mobile messaging apps to negotiate
the post-migration value of Chinese-ness and Chinese tradition in geographically dispersed family and social contexts. Drawing on
the concept of the mobile chronotope, we show how Chinese families and friends employ textual and multimodal
resources to negotiate mobile chronotopes of (non)modernity in translocal mobile messaging interactions. Our
discourse analysis focuses on critical junctures at which modernist chronotopic negotiations are most visible. The article
contributes to an understanding of the discursive construction of multiple (non)modernities by showing how migrants (re)position
themselves along a gradient of chronotopic modernity in everyday mobile messaging encounters.
Rapid DNA template preparation directly from a rice sample without purification for loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) of rice genes
Authors: Narushima Jumpei , Kimata Shinya , Soga Keisuke , Sugano Yohei , Kishine Masahiro , Takabatake Reona , Mano Junichi , Kitta Kazumi , Kanamaru Shunsuke , Shirakawa Nanami , Kondo Kazunari , Nakamura Kosuke
Published: December 2019

Rapid DNA template preparation directly from a single rice (Oryza sativa) grain or rice flour of its equivalent weight was developed for loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). LAMP efficiency using DNA extract obtained from consecutive addition of alkaline lysis reagent (25 mM NaOH, 0.2 mM EDTA) and neutralizing reagent (40 mM Tris–HCl [pH 5]) was comparable to that using an equivalent amount of purified DNA as template. The stability of the prepared DNA extract was confirmed for up to six-day storage at room temperature. Without using any special laboratory devices, the developed method enabled a rapid, simple, and low-cost DNA template preparation method for reliable LAMP testing to detect rice genes.
Load compensation bridge for Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizers
Authors: Overney Frédéric , Pimsut Yaowaret , Bauer Stephan , Kieler Oliver , Behr Ralf , Jeanneret Blaise
Published: December 2019

The Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer is a quantum-based voltage source that can generate arbitrary waveforms with quantum accuracy. However, these state-of-the-art performances are drastically decreased by the wiring connecting the source to the device under test. This wiring introduces deviations from the Josephson voltage which scale quadratically with frequency.

This paper describes a load compensation bridge that fully compensates the load of the Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer by the input impedance of the device under test and completely suppresses the frequency dependence up to a frequency of 80 kHz with an overall uncertainty of 2.8

V V−1.
Suppression of electrostatic micro-instabilities in maximum-J stellarators
Authors: Alcusón J A , Xanthopoulos P , Plunk G G , Helander P , Wilms F , Turkin Y , Stechow A von , Grulke O
Published: December 2019

We demonstrate favorable stability properties of maximum-J stellarators, exemplified by the Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) device, in scenarios with low plasma beta. A large number of electrostatic linear gyrokinetic simulations are conducted to scan the relevant parameter space for different configurations, resulting in stability maps that account for the key micro-instabilities thought to drive turbulent transport. These maps exhibit a ‘stability valley’ in the region where the normalized ion temperature gradient is roughly equal to the normalized density gradient. In this valley, the electrostatic instabilities are partly suppressed thanks to the maximum-J property of the W7-X field. This property varies across different W7-X configurations, and this measurable difference is demonstrated to affect the size of the stability valley. Finally, the impact of the isotope effect and collisions on the valley is examined.
A fluid formalism for low-temperature plasma flows dedicated to space propulsion in an unstructured high performance computing solver
Authors: Joncquieres V , Vermorel O , Cuenot B
Published: December 2019

With the increased interest in electric propulsion for space applications, a wide variety of electric thrusters have emerged. For many years, Hall effect thrusters have been the selected technology to sustain observation and telecommunication satellites thanks to their advantageous service lifetime, their high specific impulse and high power to thrust ratio. Despite several studies on the topic, the Hall thruster electric discharge remains still poorly understood. With the increase of available computing resources, numerical simulation becomes an interesting tool in order to explain some complex plasma phenomena. In this paper, a fluid model for plasma flows is presented for the numerical simulation of space thrusters. Fluid solvers often exhibit strong hypotheses on electron dynamics via the drift-diffusion approximation. Some of them use a quasi-neutral assumption for the electric field which is not adapted near walls due to the presence of sheaths. In the present model, all these simplifications are removed and the full set of plasma equations is considered for the simulation of low-temperature plasma flows inside a Hall thruster chamber. This model is implemented in the unstructured industrial solver AVIP, efficient on large clusters and adapted to complex geometries. Electrical sheaths are taken into account as well as magnetic field and majors collision processes. A particular attention is paid on a precise expression of the different source terms for elastic an inelastic processes. The whole system of equations with adapted boundary conditions is challenged with a simulation of a realistic 2D r–z Hall thruster configuration. The full-fluid simulation exhibits a correct behavior of plasma characteristics inside a Hall effect thruster. Comparisons with results from the literature exhibit a good ability of AVIP to model the plasma inside the ionization chamber. Finally a specific attention was brought to the analysis of the thruster performances.
The q-derivative and differential equation
Authors: Akça Haydar , Benbourenane Jamal , Eleuch Hichem
Published: December 2019

The q-calculus appeared as a connection between mathematics and physics. It has several applications in different mathematical areas such as number theory, combinatorics, orthogonal polynomials, basic hypergeometric functions, quantum theory, and electronics. Recently, a great interest to its applications in differential transform methods, in order to get analytical approximate solutions to the ordinary as well as partial differential equations. In this paper, we present some of the interesting definitions of q-calculus and q-derivatives. By using q-calculus, solutions of some differential equations could be generated.
Peter Chew method for quadratic equation
Authors: Chew Peter
Published: December 2019

Peter Chew Method is easy and suitable for higher order function. what’s now solution not suitable for higher order function. Peter Chew Method not suitable for quadratic equation contain unknown. Peter Chew method similar with Remainder Theorem, Remainder Theorem is easy and suitable for higher order, but Remainder Theorem not suitable for polynomial function divisor.
Simplified swarm optimization for optimal deployment of fog computing system of industry 4.0 smart factory
Authors: Yeh Wei-Chang , Lai Chyh-Ming , Tsai Jr-Yu
Published: December 2019

Fog computing is an emerging technology that can reduce the load on cloud system and decentralize computing resource, thus increasing response speed and reducing time delay. More and More environments in order to achieve intelligence, collect massive amounts of data though IOT devices. Considering deploying fog computing system in these environments can make system faster and more robust. This work creates a simulated factory consisting of a cloud center, gateways, fog devices, edge devices, and different types of sensors. We build an integer programming model and apply metaheuristic method for determining the layout of above devices except of cloud center and all sensors so that can find the cost minimization deployment of the smart factory.
The D-N alternating algorithm based on the curved-FEM and moving mesh for the exterior harmonic problem
Authors: Zheng Quan , Wang Sheng
Published: December 2019

In this paper, we study the numerical solution of the exterior harmonic problem with the Dirichlet boundary value condition. Owing to the difficulties of solving directly in the unbounded domain, we decompose the exterior problem into a mixed boundary value problem on a bounded annular subdomain and a Dirichlet boundary value problem on an unbounded subdomain by constructing an artificial boundary. Then, the Dirichlet-Neumann (D-N) alternating algorithm is proposed to solve two sub-problems alternately, where the former is solved by the curved-FEM, while the latter is solved by the principle of natural boundary reduction (NBR). Rather than the standard FEM, the curved-FEM is conforming and gives better discrete approximate variational formulation of the algorithm. The geometrical convergence of the discrete algorithm is also obtained. Finally, the D-N alternating algorithm based on the curved-FEM and the moving mesh method is shown to achieve higher precision in the numerical example.
Fog computing task scheduling optimization based on multi-objective simplified swarm optimization
Authors: Yeh Wei-Chang , Lai Chyh-Ming , Tseng Kuan-Cheng
Published: December 2019

With the dramatic growth of data volume, the cloud computing structure has faced a severe difficulty, the latency. To deal with this problem, researchers have proposed the fog computing structure, which can successfully release the computation loads from one datacenter of cloud to multiple local fog devices. Hence, the tasks will be processed at the local fog device and avoid transmitting to datacenter which is not cost-effective, and the results can be transmitted to the users immediately. The main differences of task scheduling between cloud computing and fog computing are the processors specifications, such as processing rate, cost per unit time. The processing rate of processors in datacenter is fast but the cost per unit time is costly. However, the processing rate of fog devices is not as fast as datacenter but it is relatively cost-effective. Consequently, we are facing a multi-objective optimization problem. Hence, we adopted an elite MOSSO (Multi-Objective Simplified Swarm Optimization) with considering the characteristics of fog computing paradigm.
Bifurcation analysis for a functionally graded materials plate: two pairs of pure imaginary eigenvalues
Authors: Yu Weiqin , Li Na , Zhao Shouwei
Published: December 2019

In this paper, the dynamics in the vicinity of a compound critical point which is characterized by two pairs of pure imaginary eigenvalues are studied for a simply supported functionally graded materials rectangular plate. The solutions for equilibria and quasi-periodic motions are obtained and stability conditions of these solutions are presented. The numerical simulations confirm the analytical predictions.
An automated system in detecting solar radio bursts type II and IV associated to multiple Coronal Mass Ejections
Authors: Ansor Nurain Mohamad , Hamidi Zety Sharizat , Shariff Nur Nafhatun Md
Published: December 2019

This paper presents an automated system named as CALLISTO which is implemented to record solar radio bursts emissions associated to solar activity. CALLISTO is a spectrometer used in solar activity observations in order to monitor the Sun’s activity and behaviour and also as an indicator of upcoming solar events. Solar radio bursts type II is known as slow drift going from high to low frequency at a range of 20 MHz-150 MHz. It is found to be associated to Earth-directed Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) travelling at a very high speed. On 4th November 2015, type II and IV bursts were detected by Almaty and Bir station respectively along with multiple formation of CMEs throughout the day. Due to the shock wave from CMEs, a minor G1 storm was triggered on 7th November 2015 leaving an aurora scenery over the skies of several states in USA. However, no damages on power systems were reported. Comprehensive discussions on this event are discussed in this paper.
Teaching Microcontrollers using Arduino Nano Based Quadcopter
Authors: Santosa E S B , Waluyanti S
Published: December 2019

Learning to use the Arduino Nano based quadcopter is an innovation that can improve students’ motivation in learning. Microcontroller learning is one of the subjects in vocational high school, especially in electronics engineering. This study aims to motivate students in learning and knowing students’ responses about the use of Arduino Nano based quadcopter learning media. The first stage of this learning is students learn about components that exist in the quadcopter and remote control. The second stage of students integrates between components to form a quadcopter and remote-control system. The last stage is students learn to program using Arduino. Data is obtained by using a questionnaire to determine students’ responses to learning by using these media. Data are obtained from students’ motivational questioner in 1 Magelang public vocational high school in Indonesia with a total of thirty-two students. The result showed that motivation students increased after participating in learning using Arduino Nano based quadcopter.
Health Care Monitoring System Based-on Internet of Things
Authors: Taryudi  , Prasetyo I , Nugraha A W , Ammar R S
Published: December 2019

The development of technology in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 have led to the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT allows an electronic devices to send and capture data through the internet and provides more methods of data interoperability. Nowadays, IoT plays an important role not only in communication, but also in monitoring, recording, storage and display. Currently, the application of IoT in health monitoring system to monitor conditions in the vital signs of the human body becomes interesting issues as an effort to prevent disease. In this article, a system that can monitor vital sign parameters and transmits data through wireless communication was developed, then those data transferred to the network via Wi-Fi modules. Data can be accessed at any time and represent the patient‘s current condition. So that a nurse or doctor can monitor the patient‘s data in real time through an application software on smartphone. Overall the system developed consists of DFRobot Firebeetle ESP32 as a controller that has been equipped with Wi-Fi modules, Sensor MAX30100 as a pulse detector and MLX90614 sensor as a body temperature detector. Also added is a GPS (Global Positioning System) module to detect patient locations in real time and an OLED (Organic light-emitting diode) module as data viewer. The test results show that the overall system was worked properly with a 6.5% error for pulse detection, 4% for oxygen detection and 1.7% for body temperature. As for the accuracy of the position generated by GPS that is 7 meters.
Experimental Study of Measuring Radiation Patterns for VHF and UHF Antennas
Authors: Marpanaji E , Yuwono K T , Mahali M I , Aji P T , Nugraha N A B
Published: December 2019

This paper discusses the experiment of measuring antenna radiation patterns using hardware and software that has been made previously. The antenna measured is the Half Wave Open Dipole antenna that works at VHF frequencies as Antenna Under Testing (AUT). The hardware used is Module-1 and Module-2 which have previously been tested for functionality, and the software is the Antenna Radiation Pattern application that is created using the Visual Basic programming language in the Microsoft Visual Studio package. Radiation pattern measurement experiments were carried out under various conditions, namely (1) without RF signals; (2) with RF signal and the position of the transmitting antenna is 0o with AUT; (3) with the RF signal and the position of the transmitting antenna at an angle of 90o to AUT; and (4) simulation of electromagnetic wave interference when making measurements. Based on the results of experiments conducted, it can be concluded that the Antenna Radiation Pattern application has functioned well and can describe the AUT radiation pattern. Future work of this research is the measurement of radiation patterns for other types of antennas and refinement of applications for the measurement of various antenna parameters.
Develop of Control Water Supply Pump Based on Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition on Instrumentation and Power Generator Control in Grade X Students Majoring In Electric Power in the PGRI 3 Vocation School Malang
Authors: Rahmawati Y , Zainuri M , Afandi A N
Published: December 2019

The quality of education can affect the quality of the learners were produced. The importance to improve the quality of education so learners produced increased anyway. According to Asyhar, one way to improve the quality of education is the use of media of instruction. Instrumentation and generator control the Generator operation of SCADA on power plant aims to train students designing and mengoperasiakan the existing SCADA system at the power plant. One operation of SCADA in electricity generation at the WTP (Water Treatment Plant), namely on Water Supply Pump to control water pump. SCADA learning media packed in prototype trainer Water Supply Pump -based Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition SCADA learning to support. Aiming to understand the way design of SCADA, create, communicate, SCADA program and operate it. The model used is the development model of development Sugiyono. Stages of development model Sugiyono are: (a) the potential and problems, (b) data collection, (c) product design, (d)design validation, (e) the revised design, (f) a trial product, (g)product revision, (h) a trial use, (i) the revision of the product, and (j) production mass. The results of the research and development shows that the eligibility level trainer control water supply pump has a percentage of 91.9% of the 3 (three) validator experts which means decent products used with little revision, 83.72% of test small groups by 10 (ten) grade X PBB meaning decent products used without revision, 90.53% of tests by a large group of thirty (30) students of class X PBA product which means it is very worthy of being used without any revisions. The conclusions of this research and development are decent products used in the learning process. The product can help learning activities can help so that the students of class X students majoring in electric power can be better understand the operation of scada in electricity generation units.
Case Based Reasoning: Recommendations of High School Student Program
Authors: Lutfiyani Anisa , Arifin Fatchul
Published: December 2019

Study Program Recommendation System is a computer-based information system that aims to provide an overview or recommendation of study program based on students’ interests or character from testing through Case Based Reasoning method. The main purpose of this article is to develop of expert system as study program recommendation for High School student through Case Based Reasoning. This system is made because many parents tend to force their health when choosing a college for their children. It can be impact on the children’s developing. Determining the recommendations of a student‘s study program with a certain character, often not enough for the expert‘s knowledge, but need to pay attention to cases or events similar to those of the student. A concept held in the field of artificial intelligence that uses case-based or CBR reasons for analysis and decision making. Decisions are determined by calculating the similarities between the new cases and the expert case that has occurred. This study is observation and literature study. The results of this study showed that an engineering inference expertise with the aim of obtaining a decision of study program recommendations can be done using the CBR method based on the characteristics of students.
Optimization of Web-Based Learning Media in SMK PGRI 3 Walikukun
Authors: Iswahyudi D , Soenarto
Published: December 2019

This study aims to determine: (1) appropriate web-based learning methods to improve student learning outcomes, (2) the teacher‘s method of using web-based learning media to influence student achievement, and (3) Is the optimization of web-based learning media able to meet standards creative, active, and fun learning at SMK PGRI 3 Walikukun. The method used in this study uses a research and development (R&D) approach. The population in this study were students of SMK PGRI 3 Walikukun Based on data analysis, the results of this study showed that: Optimization of web-based learning media through the PBL approach was more effective in improving ICT competency in SMK PGRI 3 Walikukun students both in the process and learning outcomes which include aspects of competence knowledge, attitudes, skills and participation compared to before are still widely used direct learning models. The results of the conclusions indicate an increase in teacher skills in applying the syntax of the optimization model of web-based learning needs to be improved, by using a problem-based learning system learning activities take place interactively and student-centered, the results can increase student grades.
Design and Analysis of Database Clustering System of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) in Bantul Regency
Authors: Rachmawati Rr. Y , Sholeh M , Suraya
Published: December 2019

Information system support is really important for the existence of MSME in economic competition today. The implementation of information system for MSME is expected to develop the competitiveness through the added value for products and services. One of the examples of the utilization of information system implemented for MSME is the geographical information system which informs the location and the potential MSME. In order to present the information of the potential of MSME optimally in the geographical information system, analysis and design should be made as complete as possible. In this research, the geographic-based information system is developed for the MSME businessmen in Bantul. The system design is started by building a database. The purpose of this research is to design a database that is designed to avoid duplication of data and simplify the storage process and when displaying data. The process of geographical information system database of MSME is detailed into tables. The database process of the MSMES geographic Information system is detailed into tables. By being detailed into some of these tables the duplication can be avoided. Table designed between MSMES table that stores SME master data such as latitude and longitude position, MSME detail table, video, gallery, Medkom and tables that store the location of the area, such as sub-district table, Village table, Dusun table and Clustered tables from MSMES. The implementation of database design is developed into geographical information system using PHP language and utilizing google map to display the geographical position of MSME businessmen. The next application development can be developed based on Android.
Research on image recognition and detection method of sapphire bubbles
Authors: Yang X. , Qiao T. , Zhang H. , Chen H. , Hao G.
Published: December 2019

Sapphire crystals are used in the manufacture of LEDs, optical window materials, etc. The presence of air bubbles in the crystal affects the optical properties of the material. If the position of the bubble is determined, the bubble can be bypassed for subsequent slicing to obtain pure high quality sapphire crystal. At present, the detection and identification of bubbles in sapphire crystals still rely on human eye observation and empirical judgment, which is inefficient and easily harmful to the human eye. It is necessary to propose a highly efficient method of machine vision detection instead of human eye detection. Based on the machine vision detection technology, this paper uses the laser as the light source to enter the ingot from the bottom, which produces the laser scattering effect. With this effect as the imaging principle, the image is collected by CCD . The image is analyzed by image processing means to achieve detection of bubbles, this paper proposes and elaborates the following two steps: edge detection based on edge pixels and locking the target area based on the calibration connected domain. The experimental results show that compared with the human eye detection method, the detection method greatly improves the detection rate and accuracy of identifying the bubble in the sapphire and determining its position.
Seepage forecast model based on time-series cubic exponential smoothing method
Authors: Wang Xufeng , Fang Xushun , Jin Jianfeng , Bao Hongyan , Wang Xiaoji , Gao Chao , Liu Hongxia
Published: December 2019

Seepage monitoring is a vital part of daily management of dams. However, the seepage data are non-linear which is hard for administrators to use. This paper uses time-series along with the cubic exponential smoothing method to analyse the past monitoring data and get a forecast model. As the data accumulate, the model evolve and form a more precise model. Two year’s seepage monitoring data are analysed of Xianlin Dam with this method and the result of the contrasted data turned out to be well simulated.
Impact of double defects on seepage behavior of geomembrane lined earth-rock dams
Authors: Du Xuhuang , Cen Weijun , Wen Zhenyu , He Haonan
Published: December 2019

In this study, the unsaturated seepage theory was employed to analyze the effect of different elevations and separations of double defects in geomembrane barrier on the seepage behavior of geomembrane lined earth-rock dams. The results indicated that the separation between the defects has a significant influence on the defect-induced leakage. The increasing separation results in the increase of defect-induced leakage. When the separation reaches 3 m, the defect-induced leakage tends to decrease. The defect-induced leakage increases again when the separation is greater than 3.5 m. And defect-induced leakage increases gradually with decreasing elevation of defect, but is still in the same order of magnitude. In addition, the wetted area near the defects expands with the increasing separation between double defects. The wetted areas can be delineated by a circle, by an ellipse or by two discrete circles depending on the separation and elevation of double defects.
The influence of technological parameters on the efficiency of the hydrate formation reaction in the system methane — SDS aqueous solutions
Authors: Gaikovich M V , Dudoladov A O , Vlaskin M S
Published: December 2019

The article deals with methane hydrate synthesis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The search for optimal conditions for this synthesis in a cylindrical continuous stirred tank reactor was provided. The limit after which the increasing of pressure in the reactor does not make a significant contribution to an increase in the gas content of the product was experimentally detected. The analysis of the impact of cooling rate on intensity of the hydrate formation had been carried out. The mode of gas supply to the reactor, cooling rate and working pressure, ensuring the highest efficiency of the methane hydrate synthesis under the specified conditions, are found.
Full-field mode sorter using two optimized phase transformations for high-dimensional quantum cryptography
Authors: Fickler Robert , Bouchard Frédéric , Giese Enno , Grillo Vincenzo , Leuchs Gerd , Karimi Ebrahim
Published: December 2019

High-dimensional encoding schemes have emerged as a novel way to perform quantum information tasks. For high dimensionality, temporal and transverse spatial modes of photons are the two paradigmatic degrees of freedom commonly used in such experiments. Nevertheless, general devices for multi-outcome measurements are still needed to take full advantage of the high-dimensional nature of encoding schemes. We propose a general full-field mode sorting scheme consisting of only up to two optimized phase elements based on evolutionary algorithms that allows for joint sorting of azimuthal and radial modes. We further study the performance of our scheme through simulations in the context of high-dimensional quantum cryptography, where sorting in different mutually unbiased bases and high-fidelity measurement schemes are crucial.
The representative structure of graphene oxide nanoflakes from machine learning
Authors: Motevalli Benyamin , Parker Amanda J , Sun Baichuan , Barnard Amanda S
Published: December 2019

In this paper we revisit the structure of graphene oxide, and determine the pure and truly representative structures for graphene nanoflakes using machine learning. Using 20 396 random configurations relaxed at the electronic structure level, we observe the presence of hydroxyl, ether, double bonds, aliphatic (cyclohexane) disruption, defects and significant out-of-plane distortions that go beyond the Lerf–Klinowski model. Based on an diverse list of 224 chemical, structural and topological features we identify 25 archetypal ‘pure’ graphene oxide structures which capture all of the complexity and diversity of the entire data set; and three prototypes that are the truly representative averages in 224-dimensional space. Together these 28 structures, which are shown to be largely robust against changes in thermochemical conditions modeled using ab initio thermodynamics, can be downloaded and used collectively as a small data set for with a fraction of the computational cost in future work, or independently as an exemplar of graphene oxide with the required oxidation.
Female need for paternal care shapes variation in extra-pair paternity in a cooperative breeder
Authors: Cousseau Laurence , Van de Loock Dries , Githiru Mwangi , Vangestel Carl , Lens Luc
Published: December 2019

Socially monogamous females regularly mate with males outside the pair bond. The prevailing explanation for this behavior is that females gain genetic benefits resulting from increased fitness of extra-pair offspring. Furthermore, because of the risk of reduced paternal care in response to cuckoldry, females are expected to seek extra-pair copulations when they can rear offspring with little help from their social partner (“constrained female” hypothesis). We tested these hypotheses and analyzed variation in paternal care in the Afrotropical, facultative cooperative breeding placid greenbul (Phyllastrephus placidus). Overall, approximately 50% of the offspring resulted from extra-pair (and extra-group) mating. Identified extra-pair males were in most cases neighboring dominant males, yet never within-group subordinates. As predicted by the constrained female hypothesis, the occurrence of extra-pair paternity (EPP) increased with the number of cooperative helpers (and not with total group size). However, dominant males did not adjust their food provisioning rates in response to EPP. Although extra-pair males were more strongly related to the dominant female and less heterozygous than the latter’s social mate, this did not result in more inbred extra-pair offspring, likely because identified extra-pair males were not representative of the extra-pair male population. While earlier studies on EPP mainly focused on male genetic quality, results from this study provide evidence that female’s social context may affect extra-pair strategies too.
‘In His Passionate Way’: Emotion, Race and Gender in Cases of Partner Murder in England and Wales, 1900–39
Authors: Seal Lizzie , Neale Alexa
Published: December 2019

This article examines 10 capital cases of men of colour sentenced to death in England and Wales for intimate murders of white British women during 1900–39. It argues that such cases enable analysis of the prevailing emotional norms of this era and the ways in which these were shaped by race, gender and class. Perceptions of intimate relationships as legitimate or illegitimate—judgments about who should feel what about whom—‘is’ related to understandings of citizenship. In revealing the emotional norms at play in cases of murder, it is possible to illustrate how the criminal justice system governed through emotion.
Spatial Attentional Selection Modulates Early Visual Stimulus Processing Independently of Visual Alpha Modulations
Authors: Gundlach C , Moratti S , Forschack N , Müller M M
Published: December 2019

The capacity-limited human brain is constantly confronted with a huge amount of sensory information. Selective attention is needed for biasing neural processing towards relevant information and consequently allows meaningful interaction with the environment. Activity in the alpha-band has been proposed to be related to top-down modulation of neural inhibition and could thus represent a viable candidate to control the priority of stimulus processing. It is, however, unknown whether modulations in the alpha-band directly relate to changes in the sensory gain control of the early visual cortex. Here, we used a spatial cueing paradigm while simultaneously measuring ongoing alpha-band oscillations and steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) as a marker of continuous early sensory processing in the human visual cortex. Thereby, the effects of spatial attention for both of these signals and their potential interactions were assessed. As expected, spatial attention modulated both alpha-band and SSVEP responses. However, their modulations were independent of each other and the corresponding activity profiles differed across task demands. Thus, our results challenge the view that modulations of alpha-band activity represent a mechanism that directly alters or controls sensory gain. The potential role of alpha-band oscillations beyond sensory processing will be discussed in light of the present results.