bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Housing starts and the associated wood products carbon storage by county by Shared Socioeconomic Pathway in the United States
Authors: Prestemon Jeffrey P. , Nepal Prakash , Sahoo Kamalakanta
Published: August 2022

Harvested wood products found in the built environment are an important carbon sink, helping to mitigate climate change, and their trends in use are determined by economic and demographic factors, which vary spatially. Spatially detailed projections of construction and stored carbon are needed for industry and public decision making, including for appreciating trends in values at risk from catastrophic disturbances. We specify econometric models of single-family and multifamily housing starts by U.S. Census Region, design a method for their spatial downscaling to the county level, and project their quantities and carbon content according to the five Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs). Starts are projected to decline across all scenarios and potentially drop to below housing replacement levels under SSP3 by mid-century. Wood products carbon stored nationally in structures in use and in landfills is projected to grow across all scenarios but with significant spatial heterogeneity related to disparate trends in construction across counties, ranging from strong growth in the urban counties of the coastal South and West to stagnation in rural counties of the Great Plains and the northern Rockies. The estimated average annual carbon stored in wood products used in and discarded from US residential housing units between 2015–2070 ranged from 51 million t CO2e in SSP3 to 85 million t CO2e in SSP5, representing 47% to 78% of total carbon uptake relative to uptake by all wood products in the United States in 2019.
The curve not taken: Effects of COVID-19 international comparison news
Authors: Kim Seon-Woo , Santia Martina , Pingree Raymond J. , Oden Ayla , Bryanov Kirill , Wyers Jessica
Published: August 2022

International news can inform people not only about what is happening in other countries, but also about how their own country could benefit from policies that have proved successful elsewhere. Specifically, international policy comparison news, or news that compares the policies of two or more countries on the same issue, is a potentially important but underutilized and understudied form of news content. We use an experiment to test effects of exposure to news comparing the COVID-19 pandemic policies of the U.S. versus South Korea, and find that this increases knowledge of policy differences between the two countries, support for adopting similar policies in the U.S., presidential blame for the severity of the pandemic in the U.S., and trust in health experts. On most outcomes, these effects did not vary across political party lines, a particularly encouraging result given the polarized nature of policy debates on this issue.
Resistance to obesity prevents obesity development without increasing spontaneous physical activity and not directly related to greater metabolic and oxidative capacity
Authors: Pimentel Cordeiro Jóctan , da Silva Daniel Sesana , Torezani-Sales Suellem , Madureira Amanda Rangel , Claudio Erick Roberto Gonçalves , Bocalini Danilo Sales , Lima-Leopoldo Ana Paula , Leopoldo André Soares
Published: August 2022

There are evidence that obese-resistant animals are more physically active, due to a higher rate of lipid oxidation. Efficiency in such pathways can favor greater spontaneous physical activity and, consequently, less body fat deposition. The aim of study was characterizing the nutritional profile and spontaneous physical activity in the condition of Resistance to Obesity (OR). Wistar rats were randomized into standard diet (SD; n = 50) and high-fat diet (HFD; n = 50) groups, after obesity induction, were redistributed into Control (C), False-control (FC), Propensity to obesity (OP) and OR, and then spontaneous physical activity was evaluated. Analyzed parameters: body mass (BM), epididymal (EF), retroperitoneal (RF), visceral (VF) and respective summations (∑), adiposity index (AI), nutritional, morphological, biochemical and metabolic parameters and protein quantification. The comparison of the groups was performed by ANOVA one or two factors, with 5% significance adopted. OP and FC presented high final MC values compared to C and OR. OR had lower EF, RF, VF, ∑ and IA compared to OP. OR had similar values to C and higher HDL than FC and OP. In GTT, OR and C presented similar values and both were lower than OP in the 30 minutes. OP promoted higher values than C for glycemic AUC. OR had higher PPARγ content than C and OP, as well as levels similar to C for leptin and insulin. Spontaneous physical activity did not differ between groups. The results were not enough to show that OR animals have greater lipid oxidative capacity, as well as greater spontaneous physical activity.
Preparation of acute midbrain slices containing the superior colliculus and periaqueductal Gray for patch-clamp recordings
Authors: Pavón Arocas Oriol , Branco Tiago
Published: August 2022

This protocol is a practical guide for preparing acute coronal slices from the midbrain of young adult mice for electrophysiology experiments. It describes two different sets of solutions with their respective incubation strategies and two alternative procedures for brain extraction: decapitation under terminal isoflurane anaesthesia and intracardial perfusion with artificial cerebrospinal fluid under terminal isoflurane anaesthesia. Slices can be prepared from wild-type mice as well as from mice that have been genetically modified or transfected with viral constructs to label subsets of cells. The preparation can be used to investigate the electrophysiological properties of midbrain neurons in combination with pharmacology, opto- and chemogenetic manipulations, and calcium imaging; which can be followed by morphological reconstruction, immunohistochemistry, or single-cell transcriptomics. The protocol also provides a detailed list of materials and reagents including the design for a low-cost and easy to assemble 3D printed slice recovery chamber, general advice for troubleshooting common issues leading to suboptimal slice quality, and some suggestions to ensure good maintenance of a patch-clamp rig.
Association between folic acid use during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus: Two population-based Nordic cohort studies
Authors: Pazzagli Laura , Segovia Chacón Silvia , Karampelias Christos , Cohen Jacqueline M. , Bröms Gabriella , Kieler Helle , Odsbu Ingvild , Selmer Randi , Andersson Olov , Cesta Carolyn E.
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Inconsistent results have been reported on the association between folic acid use in pregnancy and risk of GDM. The aim of this study was to estimate the association between folic acid use and GDM in two population-based Nordic cohorts.

Material and methods

Two cohort studies were conducted using data from the national population registers in Norway (2005–2018, n = 791,709) and Sweden (2006–2016, n = 1,112,817). Logistic regression was used to estimate the associations between GDM and self-reported folic acid use and prescribed folic acid use, compared to non-users, adjusting for covariates. To quantify how potential unmeasured confounders may affect the estimates, E-values were reported. An exposure misclassification bias analysis was also performed.

Results

In Norwegian and Swedish cohorts, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for maternal self-reported folic acid use were 1.10 (1.06–1.14) and 0.89 (0.85–0.93), with E-values of 1.43 (1.31) and 1.50 (1.36), respectively. For prescribed folic acid use, ORs were 1.33 (1.15–1.53) and 1.56 (1.41–1.74), with E-values of 1.99 (1.57) and 2.49 (2.17), in Norway and Sweden respectively.

Conclusions

The slightly higher or lower odds for GDM in self-reported users of folic acid in Norway and Sweden respectively, are likely not of clinical relevance and recommendations for folic acid use in pregnancy should remain unchanged. The two Nordic cohorts showed different directions of the association between self-reported folic acid use and GDM, but based on bias analysis, exposure misclassification is an unlikely explanation since there may still be differences in prevalence of use and residual confounding. Prescribed folic acid is used by women with specific comorbidities and co-medications, which likely underlies the higher odds for GDM.
Intra- and post-operative risk of retinal breaks during vitrectomy for macular hole and vitreomacular traction
Authors: Jairath Neil K. , Paulus Yannis M. , Yim Angela , Zhou Yunshu , Parekh Bela J. , Jairath Ruple , Musch David C. , Rosenthal Julie M.
Published: August 2022

Background/Objective

To evaluate the development of intra- and post-operative retinal breaks after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for macular hole (MH) and/or vitreomacular traction (VMT).

Subjects/Methods

Medical records of patients who underwent PPV at Kellogg Eye Center between 1/1/2005–6/30/2018, were evaluated in three groups: group 1, MH/VMT (n = 136); group 2, epiretinal membrane (ERM) without VMT (n = 270); and group 3, diagnostic vitrectomy (DV) or vitreous opacities (n = 35). Statistical analyses were conducted using SAS.

Results

20.6% of patients with MH/VMT, 8.5% of patients with ERM, and 5.7% of patients with DV or vitreous opacities had either intra-operative or post-operative breaks. Indication of MH/VMT versus ERM was a significant predictor for this outcome (p = .0112). The incidence of retinal breaks was higher in operations using 23-gauge versus 25-gauge PPV (25.0% vs. 7.4%, p < .0001).

Conclusions

The presence of MH and/or VMT is a significant risk factor for retinal breaks from PPV, as is use of 23-gauge vitrectomy.
Sexual dimorphism in Caenorhabditis elegans stress resistance
Authors: Piloto Juan H. , Rodriguez Michael , Choe Keith P.
Published: August 2022

Physiological responses to the environment, disease, and aging vary by sex in many animals, but mechanisms of dimorphism have only recently begun to receive careful attention. The genetic model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has well-defined mechanisms of stress response, aging, and sexual differentiation. C. elegans has males, but the vast majority of research only uses hermaphrodites. We found that males of the standard N2 laboratory strain were more resistant to hyperosmolarity, heat, and a natural pro-oxidant than hermaphrodites when in mixed-sex groups. Resistance to heat and pro-oxidant were also male-biased in three genetically and geographically diverse C. elegans strains consistent with a species-wide dimorphism that is not specific to domestication. N2 males were also more resistant to heat and pro-oxidant when keep individually indicating that differences in resistance do not require interactions between worms. We found that males induce canonical stress response genes by similar degrees and in similar tissues as hermaphrodites suggesting the importance of other mechanisms. We find that resistance to heat and pro-oxidant are influenced by the sex differentiation transcription factor TRA-1 suggesting that downstream organ differentiation pathways establish differences in stress resistance. Environmental stress influences survival in natural environments, degenerative disease, and aging. Understanding mechanisms of stress response dimorphism can therefore provide insights into sex-specific population dynamics, disease, and longevity.
Development of a simple and versatile in vitro method for production, stimulation, and analysis of bioengineered muscle
Authors: Wells-Cembrano Karen , Sala-Jarque Júlia , del Rio Jose A.
Published: August 2022

In recent years, 3D in vitro modeling of human skeletal muscle has emerged as a subject of increasing interest, due to its applicability in basic studies or screening platforms. These models strive to recapitulate key features of muscle architecture and function, such as cell alignment, maturation, and contractility in response to different stimuli. To this end, it is required to culture cells in biomimetic hydrogels suspended between two anchors. Currently available protocols are often complex to produce, have a high rate of breakage, or are not adapted to imaging and stimulation. Therefore, we sought to develop a simplified and reliable protocol, which still enabled versatility in the study of muscle function. In our method, we have used human immortalized myoblasts cultured in a hydrogel composed of MatrigelTM and fibrinogen, to create muscle strips suspended between two VELCROTM anchors. The resulting muscle constructs show a differentiated phenotype and contractile activity in response to electrical, chemical and optical stimulation. This activity is analyzed by two alternative methods, namely contraction analysis and calcium analysis with Fluo-4 AM. In all, our protocol provides an optimized version of previously published methods, enabling individual imaging of muscle bundles and straightforward analysis of muscle response with standard image analysis software. This system provides a start-to-finish guide on how to produce, validate, stimulate, and analyze bioengineered muscle. This ensures that the system can be quickly established by researchers with varying degrees of expertise, while maintaining reliability and similarity to native muscle.
Behavioral avoidance of contagious and non-contagious adults
Authors: LoBue Vanessa , Kim Emily , Marrone Laura , Blacker Katy-Ann , Van de Walle Gretchen
Published: August 2022

Evolutionary theories of disease avoidance propose that humans have a set of universal psychological processes to detect environmental cues indicative of infectious disease. These processes then initiate cognitive, emotional, and behavioral responses that function to limit contact with harmful pathogens. Here, we study the conditions under which people exhibit behavioral avoidance of others with a contagious illness or a physical injury (i.e., a broken leg), and the potential mechanisms that underlie this behavior. Across three studies, participants were given the option of sitting at one of two workstations previously occupied by two confederates, one of whom either showed visible symptoms of a cold (contagion condition), wore a lower-leg orthopedic boot and used crutches (broken leg condition), or showed no signs of illness or physical injury (control). We found strong evidence that adults explicitly avoid contact with individuals who show symptoms of a contagious illness. Further, we provide some evidence that adults also avoid individuals with a physical injury, but that this behavior might be driven by implicit, unconscious processes. The findings are discussed in terms of implications for the healthy avoidance of contagion, and the risk for potential stigmatization of non-contagious groups.
Network diffusion model predicts neurodegeneration in limb-onset Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Bhattarai Anjan , Chen Zhaolin , Chua Phyllis , Talman Paul , Mathers Susan , Chapman Caron , Howe James , Lee C. M. Sarah , Lie Yenni , Poudel Govinda R. , Egan Gary F.
Published: August 2022

Objective

Emerging evidences suggest that the trans-neural propagation of phosphorylated 43-kDa transactive response DNA-binding protein (pTDP-43) contributes to neurodegeneration in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). We investigated whether Network Diffusion Model (NDM), a biophysical model of spread of pathology via the brain connectome, could capture the severity and progression of neurodegeneration (atrophy) in ALS.

Methods

We measured degeneration in limb-onset ALS patients (n = 14 at baseline, 12 at 6-months, and 9 at 12 months) and controls (n = 12 at baseline) using FreeSurfer analysis on the structural T1-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data. The NDM was simulated on the canonical structural connectome from the IIT Human Brain Atlas. To determine whether NDM could predict the atrophy pattern in ALS, the accumulation of pathology modelled by NDM was correlated against atrophy measured using MRI. In order to investigate whether network spread on the brain connectome derived from healthy individuals were significant findings, we compared our findings against network spread simulated on random networks.

Results

The cross-sectional analyses revealed that the network diffusion seeded from the inferior frontal gyrus (pars triangularis and pars orbitalis) significantly predicts the atrophy pattern in ALS compared to controls. Whereas, atrophy over time with-in the ALS group was best predicted by seeding the network diffusion process from the inferior temporal gyrus at 6-month and caudal middle frontal gyrus at 12-month. Network spread simulated on the random networks showed that the findings using healthy brain connectomes are significantly different from null models.

Interpretation

Our findings suggest the involvement of extra-motor regions in seeding the spread of pathology in ALS. Importantly, NDM was able to recapitulate the dynamics of pathological progression in ALS. Understanding the spatial shifts in the seeds of degeneration over time can potentially inform further research in the design of disease modifying therapeutic interventions in ALS.
Genetic architecture and temporal analysis of Caenorhabditis briggsae hybrid developmental delay
Authors: Velazco-Cruz Leonardo , Ross Joseph A.
Published: August 2022

Identifying the alleles that reduce hybrid fitness is a major goal in the study of speciation genetics. It is rare to identify systems in which hybrid incompatibilities with minor phenotypic effects are segregating in genetically diverse populations of the same biological species. Such traits do not themselves cause reproductive isolation but might initiate the process. In the nematode Caenorhabditis briggsae, a small percent of F2 generation hybrids between two natural populations suffer from developmental delay, in which adulthood is reached after approximately 33% more time than their wild-type siblings. Prior efforts to identify the genetic basis for this hybrid incompatibility assessed linkage using one or two genetic markers on chromosome III and suggested that delay is caused by a toxin-antidote element. Here, we have genotyped F2 hybrids using multiple chromosome III markers to refine the developmental delay locus. Also, to better define the developmental delay phenotype, we measured the development rate of 66 F2 hybrids and found that delay is not restricted to a particular larval developmental stage. Deviation of the developmental delay frequency from hypothetical expectations for a toxin-antidote element adds support to the assertion that the epistatic interaction is not fully penetrant. Our mapping and refinement of the delay phenotype motivates future efforts to study the genetic architecture of hybrid dysfunction between genetically distinct populations of one species by identifying the underlying loci.
Language production impairments in patients with a first episode of psychosis
Authors: Gargano Giulia , Caletti Elisabetta , Perlini Cinzia , Turtulici Nunzio , Bellani Marcella , Bonivento Carolina , Garzitto Marco , Siri Francesca Marzia , Longo Chiara , Bonetto Chiara , Cristofalo Doriana , Scocco Paolo , Semrov Enrico , Preti Antonio , Lazzarotto Lorenza , Gardellin Francesco , Lasalvia Antonio , Ruggeri Mirella , Marini Andrea , Brambilla Paolo ,   GET UP Group
Published: August 2022

Language production has often been described as impaired in psychiatric diseases such as in psychosis. Nevertheless, little is known about the characteristics of linguistic difficulties and their relation with other cognitive domains in patients with a first episode of psychosis (FEP), either affective or non-affective. To deepen our comprehension of linguistic profile in FEP, 133 patients with FEP (95 non-affective, FEP-NA; 38 affective, FEP-A) and 133 healthy controls (HC) were assessed with a narrative discourse task. Speech samples were systematically analyzed with a well-established multilevel procedure investigating both micro- (lexicon, morphology, syntax) and macro-linguistic (discourse coherence, pragmatics) levels of linguistic processing. Executive functioning and IQ were also evaluated. Both linguistic and neuropsychological measures were secondarily implemented with a machine learning approach in order to explore their predictive accuracy in classifying participants as FEP or HC. Compared to HC, FEP patients showed language production difficulty at both micro- and macro-linguistic levels. As for the former, FEP produced shorter and simpler sentences and fewer words per minute, along with a reduced number of lexical fillers, compared to HC. At the macro-linguistic level, FEP performance was impaired in local coherence, which was paired with a higher percentage of utterances with semantic errors. Linguistic measures were not correlated with any neuropsychological variables. No significant differences emerged between FEP-NA and FEP-A (p≥0.02, after Bonferroni correction). Machine learning analysis showed an accuracy of group prediction of 76.36% using language features only, with semantic variables being the most impactful. Such a percentage was enhanced when paired with clinical and neuropsychological variables. Results confirm the presence of language production deficits already at the first episode of the illness, being such impairment not related to other cognitive domains. The high accuracy obtained by the linguistic set of features in classifying groups support the use of machine learning methods in neuroscience investigations.
Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Mycoplasma hyorhinis strains isolated from five European countries between 2019 and 2021
Authors: Klein Ulrich , Földi Dorottya , Belecz Nikolett , Hrivnák Veronika , Somogyi Zoltán , Gastaldelli Michele , Merenda Marianna , Catania Salvatore , Dors Arkadiusz , Siesenop Ute , Vyt Philip , Kreizinger Zsuzsa , Depondt Wouter , Gyuranecz Miklós
Published: August 2022

Mycoplasma hyorhinis is an emerging swine pathogen bacterium causing polyserositis and polyarthritis in weaners and finishers. The pathogen is distributed world-wide, generating significant economic losses. No commercially available vaccine is available in Europe. Therefore, besides improving the housing conditions for prevention, antimicrobial therapy of the diseased animals is the only option to control the infection. Our aim was to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of ten antimicrobials potentially used against M. hyorhinis infection. The antibiotic susceptibility of 76 M. hyorhinis isolates from Belgium, Germany, Hungary, Italy and Poland collected between 2019 and 2021 was determined by broth micro-dilution method and mismatch amplification mutation assay (MAMA). Low concentrations of tiamulin (MIC90 0.312 μg/ml), doxycycline (MIC90 0.078 μg/ml), oxytetracycline (MIC90 0.25 μg/ml), florfenicol (MIC90 2 μg/ml) and moderate concentrations of enrofloxacin (MIC90 1.25 μg/ml) inhibited the growth of the isolates. For the tested macrolides and lincomycin, a bimodal MIC pattern was observed (MIC90 >64 μg/ml for lincomycin, tulathromycin, tylosin and tilmicosin and 5 μg/ml for tylvalosin). The results of the MAMA assay were in line with the conventional method with three exceptions. Based on our statistical analyses, significant differences in MIC values of tiamulin and doxycycline were observed between certain countries. Our results show various levels of antimicrobial susceptibility among M. hyorhinis isolates to the tested antibiotics. The data underline the importance of susceptibility monitoring on pan-European level and provides essential information for proper antibiotic choice in therapy.
Impact of human mobility and networking on spread of COVID-19 at the time of the 1st and 2nd epidemic waves in Japan: An effective distance approach
Authors: Nohara Yasuhiro , Manabe Toshie
Published: August 2022

Background

The influence of human mobility to the domestic spread of COVID-19 in Japan using the approach of effective distance has not yet been assessed.

Methods

We calculated the effective distance between prefectures using the data on laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID-19 from January 16 to August 23, 2020, that were times in the 1st and the 2nd epidemic waves in Japan. We also used the aggregated data on passenger volume by transportation mode for the 47 prefectures, as well as those in the private railway, bus, ship, and aviation categories. The starting location (prefecture) was defined as Kanagawa and as Tokyo for the 1st and the 2nd waves, respectively. The accuracy of the spread models was evaluated using the correlation between time of arrival and effective distance, calculated according to the different starting locations.

Results

The number of cases in the analysis was 16,226 and 50,539 in the 1st and 2nd epidemic waves, respectively. The relationship between arrival time and geographical distance shows that the coefficient of determination was R2 = 0.0523 if geographical distance Dgeo and time of arrival Ta set to zero at Kanagawa and was R2 = 0.0109 if Dgeo and Ta set to zero at Tokyo. The relationship between arrival time and effective distance shows that the coefficient of determination was R2 = 0.3227 if effective distance Deff and Ta set to zero at Kanagawa and was R2 = 0.415 if Deff and time of arrival Ta set to zero at Tokyo. In other words, the effective distance taking into account the mobility network shows the spatiotemporal characteristics of the spread of infection better than geographical distance. The correlation of arrival time to effective distance showed the possibility of spreading from multiple areas in the 1st epidemic wave. On the other hand, the correlation of arrival time to effective distance showed the possibility of spreading from a specific area in the 2nd epidemic wave.

Conclusions

The spread of COVID-19 in Japan was affected by the mobility network and the 2nd epidemic wave is more affected than those of the 1st epidemic. The effective distance approach has the impact to estimate the domestic spreading COVID-19.
Public perceptions of urgency of severe cases of COVID-19 and inflammatory gastrointestinal disease
Authors: Koens Sarah , Strauß Annette , Klein Jens , Schäfer Ingmar , von dem Knesebeck Olaf
Published: August 2022

Background

There is evidence that perceived urgency of medical complaints is associated with emergency care utilization. Patients’ perception of urgency can differ from physicians’ assessment. This study explored public perceptions of urgency of severe cases of COVID-19 and inflammatory gastrointestinal disease and analyzed variations in perceptions of urgency by characteristics of the afflicted person in the vignettes and sociodemographic characteristics of respondents.

Methods

Vignettes with severe symptoms of either inflammatory gastrointestinal disease or COVID-19 with comparable urgency of treatment were used in a telephone survey in Germany (N = 1,207). Besides disease, the vignettes varied in terms of sex, age (child, middle-aged person, old person) and daytime (Tuesday morning, Tuesday evening). Respondents were asked to rate the urgency of the reported symptoms with four items. A sum scale was computed. Variations in perceptions of urgency according to vignette characteristics and sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents (sex, age, educational level, migration background, children (yes/no) and personal affliction) were analyzed using a linear regression model.

Results

In terms of vignette characteristics, multivariate analysis showed a lower estimated urgency for males, as well as for the middle-aged and aged persons, compared to the child vignettes, and for COVID-19, compared to inflammatory gastrointestinal disease. Regarding the characteristics of the respondents, estimated urgency increased with age and was lower among respondents, who were previously affected by the symptoms themselves.

Conclusion

Although urgency in the vignettes was comparable, variations in estimated urgency by age and sex of the afflicted person and the described disease as well as age and personal affliction of the respondents were identified. This could result in an inadequate health care service utilization. Therefore, variations in public perceptions of urgency should be considered in the planning of public campaigns on adequate health care services utilization.
Localization and functions of native and eGFP-tagged capsid proteins in HIV-1 particles
Authors: Francis Ashwanth C. , Cereseto Anna , Singh Parmit K. , Shi Jiong , Poeschla Eric , Engelman Alan N. , Aiken Christopher , Melikyan Gregory B.
Published: August 2022

In infectious HIV-1 particles, the capsid protein (CA) forms a cone-shaped shell called the capsid, which encases the viral ribonucleoprotein complex (vRNP). Following cellular entry, the capsid is disassembled through a poorly understood process referred to as uncoating, which is required to release the reverse transcribed HIV-1 genome for integration into host chromatin. Whereas single virus imaging using indirect CA labeling techniques suggested uncoating to occur in the cytoplasm or at the nuclear pore, a recent study using eGFP-tagged CA reported uncoating in the nucleus. To delineate the HIV-1 uncoating site, we investigated the mechanism of eGFP-tagged CA incorporation into capsids and the utility of this fluorescent marker for visualizing HIV-1 uncoating. We find that virion incorporated eGFP-tagged CA is effectively excluded from the capsid shell, and that a subset of the tagged CA is vRNP associated. These results thus imply that eGFP-tagged CA is not a direct marker for capsid uncoating. We further show that native CA co-immunoprecipitates with vRNP components, providing a basis for retention of eGFP-tagged and untagged CA by sub-viral complexes in the nucleus. Moreover, we find that functional viral replication complexes become accessible to integrase-interacting host factors at the nuclear pore, leading to inhibition of infection and demonstrating capsid permeabilization prior to nuclear import. Finally, we find that HIV-1 cores containing a mixture of wild-type and mutant CA interact differently with cytoplasmic versus nuclear pools of the CA-binding host cofactor CPSF6. Our results suggest that capsid remodeling (including a loss of capsid integrity) is the predominant pathway for HIV-1 nuclear entry and provide new insights into the mechanism of CA retention in the nucleus via interaction with vRNP components.
TYPOLOGY OF MYTHOEPICAL FEMALE IMAGES (EXEMPLIFIED BY CONTEMPORARY ALTAI ARTISTS)
Authors:   V.M. Shukshin Altai State Humanities and Pedagogy University, N. VINITSKAYA , I. SHEVLYAKOVA ,   V.M. Shukshin Altai State Humanities and Pedagogy University
Published: August 2022

The article considers the characteristic features of the depiction of the images of a woman-mother and a woman-warrior in the visual arts on the example of the plots of Altai mythology. The paper also analyzes the specificity of the reflection of female archetypes from the standpoint of the cultural-aesthetic and folklore-historical context. On the basis of the study, conclusions were drawn about the significant role of female images in the mythological consciousness of the peoples of Altai. The widespread use of such subjects by contemporary artists of the region is due to the goal of preserving continuity and spreading traditional ethnic culture. Mytho-epic images in the interpretation of modern artists reflect the sacred meanings of the works of Altai folklore, conveying the semantic meaning of their content through artistic images.
ETHNOGRAPHIC SKETCHES OF G.I. CHOROS-GURKIN IN THE COLLECTION OF THE ALTAI STATE MUSEUM OF LOCAL LORE
Authors:   Altai State Museum of Local Lore, G. GAMANOVICH
Published: August 2022

The article presents materials from the fund of the Altai State Museum of Local Lore, included in the complex of museum items - various works by G.I. Choros-Gurkin in the technique of pencil drawing and ink drawing and presented to the writer A. Shapovalova during her meeting with the artist in 1930, when she was traveling in the Altai Mountains. Later, in 1976, A. Shapovalova herself handed over the drawings to the museum. The study of ethnographic sketches was carried out in the form of a formal stylistic art history analysis of individual drawings. They are of particular value as ethnographic scientific sources illustrating various aspects of the traditional culture of the Altai peoples. The samples of Gurkin’s creative heritage selected for the study are works of unique graphics, marked by a combination of a high level of artistic performance with accuracy and thematic representativeness.
THE PRACTICE OF IMPLEMENTING EXHIBITION PROJECTS OF THE ALTAI STATE MUSEUM OF LOCAL LORE USING MATERIALS FROM THE ETHNOGRAPHIC COLLECTION (2018-2021)
Authors:   Altai State Museum of Local Lore, D. EMELYANOV
Published: August 2022

A wide range of materials are involved in the implementation of any museum exhibition project, revealing the goals and objectives set. The article demonstrates the practice of using ethnographic materials on the example of exhibition projects of the Altai State Museum of Local Lore (Barnaul), implemented from 2018 to 2021. The range of possibilities of ethnographic materials in the disclosure of topics raised at exhibitions through various methods of constructing an exposition (collectible, ensemble, illustrative-thematic) is shown. Complementing ethnographic objects with materials from other museum collections, the article reveals the functionality and informational content of the former.
ANOTHER NAME ON THE ARCHEOLOGICAL MAP OF THE NOVOSIBIRSK REGION (A.S. NEMOLOVSKY)
Authors:   The Museum of Local History of Novosibirsk, A. AVTUSHKOVA
Published: August 2022

The article analyzes the contribution of local historian A.S. Nemоlovsky in the field of study of archaeological and historical sites of the Novosibirsk region. He discovered previously unknown archaeological sites, and for the first time drew attention to such a type of archaeological site. In addition, A.S. Nemolovsky was engaged in the collection of folklore, preserved information about one of the oldest stone buildings in the city of Kainsk - the Spassky Cathedral, which existed for a little over one hundred and fifty years, and about the oldest cemetery in Kainsk. The article also reveals the details of his complex biography and the information that was obtained during the study.
ALTAI ANTIQUITIES IN THE WORKS OF EUROPEAN SCIENTISTS AND TRAVELERS OF THE 18TH - EARLY 20TH CENTURIES
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS, A. BORISENKO ,   Novosibirsk State University
Published: August 2022

Since the first scientific research in Altai, the works of European scientists have repeatedly become the subject of historiographical analysis. Their colleagues-contemporaries have already turned to the works of their predecessors. Since the last third of the 18th century, interest in the antiquities of the Sayano-Altai in general and the Altai Mountains, in particular, falls into the sphere of state interest related to the development of mining production. At the beginning of the 19th century, scientists who turned to the study of antiquities already had the opportunity to rely on the experience of their predecessors, and by the beginning of the last third of the century, the work on the study of the distant past of Altai can be called large-scale for its time. This paper presents information about the Altai antiquities collected in the works of the participants of the Dorpat expedition of the 30s of the 19th century, the Altai period of V.V. Radlov, the expedition of I.G. Granet, etc.
IN MEMORY OF THE LOCAL HISTORIAN G.A. KLUKIN
Authors:   Altai State University, G. IVANOV
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the life and activity of Gennady Aleksandrovich Klukin (11.09.1950 - 19.12.2021), one of the most famous Altai ethnographers, collector and researcher of antiquities of the second half of еру 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries, collector, teacher from Rubtsovsk city, Altai Krai. A review of many years of local lore researches aimed at revealing and investigating of collapsing ancient and medieval settlements and burial grounds in Rubtsovsk, Yegoryevsk and Uglovka districts of the Altai Territory is presented; the information obtained is brought into a scientific context. The author tells of G.A. Klukin’s collecting activity, his research approach to collections of coins, coupons, metal-plastics, and the results of their study and systematization. The scientific and educational nature of Klukin’s works is emphasized and his contribution to the study of the past of the South-Western Altai is evaluated.
THE USE OF THE “OPPOSITE TRIANGLES” MOTIVE IN THE ORNAMENTATION OF THE IRMEN UTENSILS
Authors:   T.F. Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University, S. KOVALEVSKY
Published: August 2022

The article studies of the role of the “opposite triangles” motive in the ornamentation of ceramics of the Irmen cultural and historical community of the South of Western Siberia. It is indicated that this ornamental motive was used primarily for decorating of the crown zone of the Irmen ritual and settlements utensils, less often - the zone of shoulders and trunk. Variations have been identified in the use of the “opposite triangles” motive applied not only in classical form, and to form more complex compositions. The assumption about the andronoid (Elovo) origin of this motive is put forward and its appearance in the Andronian ornamentation is also noted. The comparative analysis of the Irmen ornamentation of various territories of distribution of the Irmen cultural and historical community showed more frequent use of the “opposite triangles” motive by the population of the northeastern part of the Irmen world. This motif was also often used by the population of the Molchonovo culture of the Tomsk-Narym Ob region. This may be an argument in favor of the assumption of its local, andronoid origin.
RESULTS OF FIELD STUDY AT THE UST'-BIYKE-I SITE IN 2020
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS, G. MARKOVSKII , S. Shnaider ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS, S. ALISHER KYZY ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS, I. DEDOV ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS, K. KIRUSHIN ,   Altai State University, A. Tishkin ,   Altai State University
Published: August 2022

In the field season of 2020 Biiken research group of the IAET SB RAS carried out archaeological field work in the Chemalsky district in the Altai Republic. The research was conducted at the archaeological site “The Ust'-Biyke-I, settlement”, stratified deposits of which contain finds of Mesolithic, Neolithic and Bronze Age periods. As a result of the work a large collection of artifacts (13,515 specimens) was obtained from the excavated area (area 5,2 m2) and the stratigraphic sequence at the site was clarified. Before the excavation of the site, geophysical studies were carried out with the methods of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and ground-penetrating radar (GPR). A detailed topographic plan of the site was made. Based on the provided study a conclusion was made that the cultural deposits are not exposed to intensive technogenic or natural impact at the moment. Up-to-date information entered into the records and was sent to the local department of the Ministry of Cultural Heritage.
THE ANDRONOVO-I BURIAL MOUND (ANDRONOVO-5) AS A NECROPOLIS OF THE SCYTHIAN-SAKA TIME ON THE EASTERN BORDER OF KULUNDA
Authors:   Altai State University, Ya. FROLOV
Published: August 2022

The article analyzes new data on the burial mound Andronovo-I (Andronovo-5). Information about its location is given and the composition of the surviving burial mounds is considered. The paper summarizes and analyzes information about this necropolis presented in the works ofvarious authors. Since the burial ground has been studied for several decades, there are many discrepancies in the available materials. The necropolis is located on the borders of Kulunda and the Upper Ob region. The site is a part of a large complex of barrow groups located to the east of the village of Andronovo. It is the core of this array of barrows. The necropolis includes a series of ordinary burials and mounds of the elite of ancient societies. The burial ground belongs to the Scythian-Saka time and represents a multi-temporal complex, including burials of different periods of the Early Iron Age and, possibly, the Middle
ON THE ISSUE OF THE USE OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS AND THE RELIABILITY OF PUBLICATIONS OF MUSEUM MATERIALS
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS, S. Tikhonov
Published: August 2022

The author draws on the materials of the collection of arrowheads of the Late Bronze Age, found at the Elovska settlement in 1982 by V.I. Matyushenko, addresses the problem of the reliability of the presentation of excavation materials in publications. In his opinion, inaccuracies of the archaeological drawing can distort colleagues’ ideas about the material complex. First of all, this applies to those who are deprived of the opportunity to personally study the finds. The way out of this can be the simultaneous publication ofboth photos and drawings of artifacts. The author also suggests considering the issue of monographic publications of excavation materials of basic archaeological sites. As an example, for the Bronze Age, these may be the settlements of Korchazhka V (Altai Territory), Elovka and Samus IV (Tomsk region), Krasnoozerka (Omsk region).
THE HISTORY OF THE CREATION OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL MUSEUM-RESERVE OF ANCIENT PENJIKENT: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   Altai State University, L. ELMURODOV
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the discovery of the early medieval settlement of ancient Penjikent (the 5th -8th centuries) (Tajikistan) and the creation of an archaeological museum-reserve. The site is widely known in the archaeological world for its raw architecture decorated with wall paintings. It is often called the “Eastern Pompeii” and the “Olympus of Archeology of Tajikistan”. Archaeological research of the settlement has been carried out since 1946. In the late 1970s, the settlement was declared a museum-reserve. In this paper, we propose ways to develop the museum’s exposition, the creation of storage facilities that meet modern standards of museum field, which in the future will help not only attract more visitors, but also preserve museum objects.
Trajetórias e narrativas das transformações dos espaços externos em instituições de Educação nfantil
Authors: Kovalczuk Simoniely  Lilian , Rossi Ednéia Regina
Published: August 2022

Este artigo, recorte de uma pesquisa de mestrado, parte do pressuposto que os espaços externos das instituições de educação infantil estão sendo considerados, pelos documentos oficiais e pela literatura especializada, como lugares de religamento das crianças com a natureza no tempo presente. Assim, buscou-se analisar o percurso e os percalços do processo de incorporação de elementos da natureza na transformação dos espaços externos de instituições de Educação Infantil de Joinville (SC), operadas no projeto Reinventando o Espaço Escolar. Foram analisados documentos oficiais, entrevistas orais e fotografias, com base nos preceitos de Bardin (2010). O percurso respondeu aos critérios paisagísticos, ambientais e sustentáveis. As limitações espaciais e financeiras figuraram entre os percalços enfrentados.
Educação Estético-Ambiental e Educação Física
Authors: Müller de Andrade Danielle , Brandão Schmidt Elisabeth , Celente Montiel Fabiana
Published: August 2022

O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a percepção dos/as participantes de um grupo de pesquisa a respeito da relação entre a Educação Estético-Ambiental (EEA) e a Educação Física (EF). Para a produção dos dados foi disponibilizado um formulário on-line aos/às integrantes do grupo no qual foi solicitada a inserção de uma imagem que expressasse as possibilidades de relação entre a EEA e a EF. As imagens, interpretadas e descritas, foram analisadas por meio da Análise Textual Discursiva. Os resultados sinalizam para a estreita relação entre a EEA e a EF no sentido da promoção da educação integral dos sujeitos onde, por meio de práticas pedagógicas problematizadoras, ampliam-se as possibilidades do desenvolvimento da criticidade, da autonomia, da sensibilidade e da criatividade.
Cartas Pedagógicas como estratégia didática e prática de formação sensível de professores/as para uma Educação Estético-Ambiental
Authors: Brizolla Francéli , Cardoso Cristina
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo apresenta a discussão de intervenção pedagógica ocorrida na disciplina “Tópicos de educação estético-ambiental”, nos cursos de Licenciaturas Línguas Adicionais: Inglês, Espanhol e respectivas literaturas e Química, da Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), em 2020/2. O objetivo foi promover uma formação com base na sensibilização e na humanização. O gênero textual carta pedagógica foi escolhido como meio de comunicação para promover interação entre os/as estudantes. A metodologia da leitura das cartas foi contraponto à celeridade da comunicação estabelecida nos meios de comunicação tecnológicos, especialmente no contexto do ensino remoto e, ainda, uma forma de vazão dos sentimentos em relação à docência, culminando com o estabelecimento de relações com as emoções constitutivas da futura carreira, valorização dos afetos e saberes sensíveis e motivação aos futuros docentes.
Prevalência da coinfecção entre Papilomavírus Humano (HPV) e Chlamydia trachomatis em mulheres
Authors: Callou Filho Cesário Rui , Lima da Silva Maria Natalice , Oliveira Aneíza Vieira , Sousa Adenyse Cavalcante Marinho , Rodrigues Marina Pessoa de Farias , Alves Ethel Esthephane , Branco July Grassiely de Oliveira
Published: August 2022

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a prevalência de Papilomavírus Humano (HPV) e Chlamydia trachomatis em mulheres. Foi realizado um estudo documental como dados de mulheres de captura híbrida para HPV e Chlamydia trachomatis. Os dados foram analisados pelo programa estatístico Epi Info, utilizou-se o Qui-Quadrado e Razão de Chances com intervalos de 95% de confiança (IC 95). Foi considerado de significância estatística o valor p associado menor ou igual a 0,05 (p≤0,05). Trezentas e treze mulheres, 24,6% apresentaram positividade para HPV, 10,9% para Chlamydia e 3,5% para co-infecção. O HPV foi de 85,7% para mulheres com diagnóstico de ASCUS, 80% com LSIL, 100% com ASCH e HSIL, e 21,4% com citologia normal. Para CT, no exame citopatológico, foi de 28,6% para mulheres com diagnóstico de ASCUS, 10% com LSIL e 10,5% com citologia normal. A frequência de co-infecção foi maior em mulheres com idade inferior ou igual a 32 anos. No exame citopatológico, 18,2% tiveram diagnóstico para ASCUS, 9,1% para LSIL e 72,7% para citologia normal. Os dados encontrados sugerem estratégias de esclarecimentos sobre a prevenção e agravos relacionados a essas IST, bem como incentivo do rastreamento e a importância da biologia molecular na detecção dessas duas IST.
Riscos ocupacionais no trabalho e políticas de saúde ocupacional nas Instituições Federais de Ensino
Authors: Gomes Valter , Gomes Amanda , Da Motta Oswaldo Jesus Rodrigues
Published: August 2022

A temática ocupacional, a promoção da saúde e melhoria da qualidade de vida norteiam a construção de políticas públicas no SUS. A relevância do assunto: fatores, agentes ocupacionais intervenientes nas condições laborais de servidores de Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior e a necessidade de um documento certificador das condições de trabalho no caso o LTCAT, que ateste as condições ambientais onde o servidor exerce ou exerceu suas atividades. Assim foi realizada uma pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica de literatura. A finalidade do estudo foi a análise de percepção ou não de adicional e/ ou para aposentadoria em condições especiais. O objetivo desse estudo consistiu em identificar e avaliar a relação entre riscos ocupacionais, condições de trabalho e as políticas de saúde para o servidor público federal. A metodologia utilizou os Descritores: Condições de Trabalho, Saúde do Trabalhador, Riscos Ocupacionais, Instituições de Ensino Superior. A conclusão é que existe uma desvalorização histórica da carreira de docente guiada pelo desestímulo, carga excessiva de trabalho, adoecimento e absenteísmo.