bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Activity Following Ankle Arthrodesis
Authors: Whicker Emily , Traub Brian , Allam Emad , Labib Sameh
Published: September 2018

Category:

Ankle

Introduction/Purpose:

Ankle arthrodesis (AA) is frequently employed in the treatment of end-stage ankle arthritis, which is common following trauma and athletic injuries. While AA remains a popular therapeutic option, little data exists about activity and sporting capacity following AA. The objective of this research was to determine functional outcomes and sporting activity levels in patients following AA.

Methods:

Validated questionnaires were emailed to 35 patients with a history of AA at an average follow-up of 52 months. Functional outcomes were assessed using the Foot and Ankle Disability Index (FADI), as well as the associated FADI-Sport. Responses were compared to those from a control population of 24 patients scheduled for AA, at an average preoperative visit of 3 months. Activity levels were assessed prior to injury as well as pre- and post-operatively using the Tegner activity level scale.

Results:

Average Tegner scores of the 35 surgical patients decreased from 3.82 (SE±0.38) before their injury, to 1.15 (SE±0.19) immediately pre-op, with recovery to 2.67 (SE±0.26) following fusion. Average post arthrodesis FADI and FADI-sport scores in our patients were 76.5% (SE±3.19%) and 33.8% (SE±23.06%). For the preoperative control population, corresponding scores were 47.41% (SE=2.61%) and 22.24% (SE=1.03%).

Conclusion:

Following AA, we found that patients improved upon their pre-op Tegner score, although they did not return to their before injury level of sporting participation. Additionally, patients reported that they had no current dysfunction with their lower leg. Thus, patients undergoing AA should expect improved lower leg function, though will not likely return to their pre-injury level of activity.
Biomechanical Analysis of Cuboid Osteotomy Lateral Column Lengthening for Stage II B Adult-Acquired Flatfoot Deformity
Authors: Yang Yunfeng
Published: September 2018

Category:

Midfoot/Forefoot

Introduction/Purpose:

To investigate the effect of cuboid osteotomy lateral column lengthening (LCL) for the correction of stage II B adultacquired flatfoot deformity in cadaver

Methods:

Six cadaver specimens were loaded to 350 N. Flatfoot models were established and each was evaluated radiographically and pedobarographically in the following conditions: (1) intact foot, (2) flatfoot, and (3) cuboid osteotomy LCL (2, 3, 4, and 5 mm).

Results:

Compared with the flatfoot model, the LCLs showed significant correction of talonavicular coverage on anteroposterior radiographs and talus-first metatarsal angle on both anteroposterior and lateral radiographs ( p < .05). Compared with the intact foot, the above angles of the LCLs showed no significant difference except the 2mmLCL. In terms of forefoot pressure, medial pressure of the 2mmLCL ( p = .044) and lateral pressure of the 3, 4, and 5mmLCLs showed statistical differences ( p < .05), but lateral pressure of the 3 mm LCL was not more than the intact foot as compared to the 4 and 5 mm LCLs, which was less than medial pressure.

Conclusion:

Cuboid osteotomy LCL procedure avoids damage to subtalar joint and has a good effect on correction of stage II B adult-acquired flatfoot deformity with a 3 mm lengthening in cadavers.
Management of mal-united Pilon fractures with joint-sparing osteotomy
Authors: Yu Guang-rong
Published: September 2018

Category:

Ankle

Introduction/Purpose:

To explore the effectiveness and operative methods to treat various mal-united Pilon fractures with joint-sparing osteotomy.

Methods:

Between January 2011 and October 2016, 21 patients with mal-united Pilon fractures were treated with joint-sparing osteotomy. There were 13 males and 8 females with an average age of 38.4 years (range, 22-48 years). 14 were left feet and 7, right. The time from injury to reconstructive operation was 4 months to 10 years. 17 received operative treatment previously, and 4 were treated by plaster fixation. According to Rüedi-Allgöwer classification, 16 were rated as type II (including 6 medial Pilon fractures, 5 anterior, 5 posterior) and 5, type III. All patients received standardized postoperative managements.

Results:

All patients were followed up for more than 1 year. All the fractures were reunited in an average time of 13.8 weeks (range 9 to 18 weeks). The mean visual analogue scale (VAS) score was 2.42 (range 0 to 5) and the mean ankle and hindfoot scale of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score was 78.81(range 65 to 92) 6 months after operation. The VAS score was 5.27 (range 2 to 7) and the AOFAS score was 57.26 (range 20 to 81) before. Comparing to preoperative data, statistically significant difference was found postoperatively (P<0.05).

Conclusion:

Results by joint-sparing osteotomy to realign and reconstruct articular surfaces of ankles are acceptable. Functions and symptoms are improved significantly after operation. Joint-sparing osteotomy can be a considerable option for treating mal-united Pilon fractures.
MRI Classification of subtalar and talonavicular joint osteoarthritis
Authors: Zaidi Razi , Hargunani Rikin , Calleja Michele , Goldberg Andrew
Published: September 2018

Category:

Hindfoot

Introduction/Purpose:

The sublatar joint is formed by the articulation of the talus and the calcaneus. The Calcaneus had three facets; posterior, middle and anterior that articulate with the talus. The anterior facet is also continuous with the Talonavicular joint. Plain radiography of the foot and ankle is the usual method to detect degeneration in these joints, however plain films do not permit full characterisation of non-ossified structures, such as articular cartilage, marrow tissue and synovial fluid. MRI is a better way to detect these changes. The aim of this study was to develop a quantitative way to score arthritic changes to the subtalar and talonavicular joints using MRI that was usable, repeatable and reliable.

Methods:

The MRI scans of thirty consecutive subjects with foot and ankle pain were retrospectively evaluated. MRI images were obtained using 1.5-T MRI. Images were interpreted independently by three musculoskeletal radiologists. In order to determine intra-observer reliability as well as the inter-observer reliability two of the readers independently scored the studies twice, more than 14 days apart. Five features of osteoarthritis were scored in the Subtalar joint and the Talonavicular joint. These were; cartilage morphology, subarticular marrow, subarticular cyst, marginal osteophytes and synovitis. The Subtalar joint was scored in eight different regions and Talonavicular joint in two The maximum score for both regions was 100. Scores were summarised and Inter- and Intra-observer agreement was calculated. Intraclass coefficient values less than 0.40 were poor, fair between 0.40 and 0.59 were fair, values between 0.60 and 0.74 were good, and values between 0.75 and 1 excellent.

Results:

For the 30 MRI scans the mean score for the Subtalar joint ranged from 11.7 to 14.4 and for the Talonavicular joint ranged from 3.7 to 5.6. The inter-observer correlation for the Subtalar joint between the three readers ranged between 0.53 and 0.83 for the individual features but overall was excellent at 0.76. For the Talonavicular joint the total correlation was good at 0.67. The inter-observer ICC for the total score was 0.75 which showed excellent agreement between the three readers. The total intra-observer correlation was excellent.

Conclusion:

We have designed a novel scoring system subtalar and talonavicular arthritis that is easy to perform and demonstrates excellent reliability and may be an extremely useful tool for clinical trials on ankle arthritis and other studies to diagnose and monitor disease progression.
Reconstruction of Calcaneal Fracture Malunion With Osteotomy and Subtalar Joint Salvage
Authors: Zhang Ming-Zhu , Yu Guang-rong
Published: September 2018

Category:

Hindfoot

Introduction/Purpose:

The goal of this study was to discuss the outcomes of treating calcaneal fracture malunion by restoring the subtalar joint with a reconstructive osteotomy.

Methods:

From May 2005 to November 2016, 85 patients (88 feet) with calcaneal malunions after a displaced intraarticular calcaneal fracture were treated by osteotomy and autogenous bone graft. The subtalar joint was preserved. The mean time from initial injury to reconstructive operation was 8.9 months (95% confidence interval, 4.5-11.6 months). The displaced posterior facet was restored through a reconstructive osteotomy, whereas the bone defect in the calcaneus after reduction was filled with the lateral exostosis that had been removed, iliac bone graft was used if necessary. All patients were evaluated clinically and radiographically at a minimum of 24 months. Sixty two patients (63 feet) were followed for a mean of 45.4 months (29.0-52.3 months).

Results:

According to American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle and hindfoot score, the average score was 81.6 points (95% confidence interval, 78.5-90.4 points), which was significantly higher than the preoperative assessment. Radiographs showed that Böhler’s angle, Gissane’s angle, talus declination angle, and width and height of calcaneus were improved to a great extent. Eight patients had wound edge necrosis, and 4 had superficial infection. Two patient required a subtalar fusion for subtalar arthritis at 2 years after surgery.

Conclusion:

Restoring the subtalar joint with a reconstructive osteotomy and autogenous bone graft was an effective treatment method for selected calcaneal fracture malunions. It reconstructed calcaneal morphology and preserved the subtalar joint.
Repair of the acute deltoid ligament complex rupture associated with ankle fractures
Authors: Zhang Ming-Zhu , Yu Guang-rong
Published: September 2018

Category:

Trauma

Introduction/Purpose:

It is controversial for operative repair of deltoid ligament in acute ankle fractures. To investigate the indication for surgical interference and the clinical outcome about repair whole deltoid ligament rupture associating with ankle fractures.

Methods:

We performed multiple-center study in 4 clinical centers in 4 cities of China. From January 2006 to December 2011, of 1533 ankle fractures operated, 131 deltoid ligament rupture were identified and repaired operatively. They were 74 males and 57 females with a mean age of 37.2 years (range, 15-83 years). Clinical examination, radiographs, AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scores and visual analogue scale were used for outcome measurement.

Results:

All incision healed primarily. 106 patients were followed up for 12 to 72 months with the mean follow-up of 27 months. The mean time of fracture union was 14.5 weeks (range, 9-16 weeks). The mean AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score at last follow-up was 91.4 points (range, 83-100 points). The mean score of VAS was 1.2 points (range, 0-6 points). The mean score of SF-36 was 91.2 points (range, 80-96 points). There was no ankle instability and post-trauma osteoarthritis.

Conclusion:

This multiple-center study demonstrated that deltoid ligament repair can benefit patients with unstable ankle after fracture fixation. A reasonable clinical evaluation and surgical repair could be done, choosing an appropriate repair technique according to the site of deltoid ligament rupture.
Materials and techniques of Islamic manuscripts
Authors: Knipe Penley , Eremin Katherine , Walton Marc , Babini Agnese , Rayner Georgina
Published: September 2018

Over 50 works on paper from Egypt, Iraq, Iran and Central Asia dated from the 13th to 19th centuries were examined and analyzed at the Straus Center for Conservation and Technical Studies. Forty-six of these were detached folios, some of which had been removed from the same dispersed manuscript. Paintings and illuminations from five intact manuscripts were also examined and analyzed, although not all of the individual works were included. The study was undertaken to better understand the materials and techniques used to create paintings and illuminations from the Islamic World, with particular attention paid to the diversity of greens, blues and yellows present. The research aimed to determine the full range of colorants, the extent of pigment mixing and the various preparatory drawing materials. The issue of binding materials was also addressed, albeit in a preliminary way.
Κατασκευή, ανάπτυξη και ψυχομετρική αξιολόγηση κλίμακας για την εκτίμηση της αυτοαποτελεσματικότητας των εκπαιδευτικών στη διδασκαλία της ανάγνωσης
Authors: Μαστροθανάσης Κωνσταντίνος
Published: September 2018

Η παρούσα εργασία έχει ως στόχο την κατασκευή και τον ψυχομετρικό έλεγχο μιας κλίμακας αυτοαναφοράς με την ονομασία “Αίσθηση Εκπαιδευτικής Αποτελεσματικότητας στην Ανάγνωση”. Το εργαλείο αυτό έχει σκοπό την εκτίμηση των πεποιθήσεων αυτοαποτελεσματικότας των δασκάλων στη διδασκαλία της ανάγνωσης, έχοντας ως βάση την κοινωνικογνωστική θεωρία για την αυτοαποτελεσματικότητα του Bandura.Η ανάπτυξη της κλίμακας περιέλαβε την εξέταση της εγκυρότητας της εννοιολογικής της κατασκευής και την αξιολόγηση της αξιοπιστίας της, απ΄ όπου προέκυψε μια αξιόπιστη και αξιολογήσιμη δομή δύο παραγόντων. Ως συστατικά στοιχεία περιλαμβάνει το κριτήριο της αίσθησης διδακτικής αυτεπάρκειας και της αίσθησης αποτελεσματικότητας στην επιρροή των προσδοκώμενων αποτελεσμάτων. Τέλος, παρέχονται οδηγίες για τη βαθμολόγηση του εργαλείου και προτείνονται τρόποι ερμηνείας των αποτελεσμάτων του.
DRETools: A tool-suite for differential RNA editing detection
Authors: Weirick Tyler , Trainor Patrick , Rouchka Eric , DeFilippis Andrew , Uchida Shizuka
Published: September 2018

Recent tools to detect RNA editing have expanded our understanding of epitranscriptomics, linking changes in RNA editing to both disease and normal cellular processes. However, the research community currently lacks tools for determining if change in RNA editing or "differential editing" has occurred. To meet this need, we present DRETools, a command-line tool-set for ﬁnding differential editing among samples, editing islands, and editing sites.
Mapping targets for small nucleolar RNAs in yeast
Authors: Dudnakova Tatiana , Dunn-Davies Hywel , Peters Rosie , Tollervey David
Published: September 2018

Background: Recent analyses implicate changes in the expression of the box C/D class of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) in several human diseases.

Methods: Here we report the identification of potential novel RNA targets for box C/D snoRNAs in budding yeast, using the approach of UV crosslinking and sequencing of hybrids (CLASH) with the snoRNP proteins Nop1, Nop56 and Nop58. We also developed a bioinformatics approach to filter snoRNA-target interactions for bona fide methylation guide interactions.

Results: We recovered 241,420 hybrids, out of which 190,597 were classed as reproducible, high energy hybrids. As expected, the majority of snoRNA interactions were with the ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs). Following filtering, 117,047 reproducible hybrids included 51 of the 55 reported rRNA methylation sites. The majority of interactions at methylation sites were predicted to guide methylation. However, competing, potentially regulatory, binding was also identified. In marked contrast, following CLASH performed with the RNA helicase Mtr4 only 7% of snoRNA-rRNA interactions recovered were predicted to guide methylation. We propose that Mtr4 functions in dissociating inappropriate snoRNA-target interactions. Numerous snoRNA-snoRNA interactions were recovered, indicating potential cross regulation. The snoRNAs snR4 and snR45 were recently implicated in site-directed rRNA acetylation, and hybrids were identified adjacent to the acetylation sites. We also identified 1,368 reproducible snoRNA-mRNA interactions, representing 448 sites of interaction involving 39 snoRNAs and 382 mRNAs. Depletion of the snoRNAs U3, U14 or snR4 each altered the levels of numerous mRNAs. Targets identified by CLASH were over-represented among these species, but causality has yet to be established.

Conclusions: Systematic mapping of snoRNA-target binding provides a catalogue of high-confidence binding sites and indicates numerous potential regulatory interactions.
Lessons from the first clinical trial of a non-licensed vaccine among Ugandan adolescents: a phase II field trial of the tuberculosis candidate vaccine, MVA85A
Authors: Wajja Anne , Namutebi Milly , Apule Barbara , Oduru Gloria , Kiwanuka Samuel , Akello Mirriam , Nassanga Beatrice , Kabagenyi Joyce , Mpiima Juma , Vermaak Samantha , Lawrie Alison , Satti Iman , Verweij Jaco , Cose Stephen , Levin Jonathan , Kaleebu Pontiano , Tukahebwa Edridah , McShane Helen , Elliott Alison M.
Published: September 2018

Background: A more effective vaccine for tuberculosis (TB) is a global public health priority. Vaccines under development will always need evaluation in endemic settings, most of which have limited resources. Adolescents are an important target population for a new TB vaccine and for other vaccines which are relevant at school-age. However, in most endemic settings there is limited experience of trials of investigational products among adolescents, and adolescents are not routinely vaccinated.

Methods: We used Modified vaccinia Ankara-expressing Ag85A (MVA85A), a well-tolerated candidate vaccine for tuberculosis, to assess the effect of Schistosoma mansoni infection on vaccine immunogenicity among Ugandan adolescents in primary school. We describe here the challenges and lessons learned in designing and implementing this first clinical trial among Ugandan adolescents using a non-licensed vaccine.

Results: The school based immunization study was feasible and adhered to Good Clinical Practice principles.  Engagement with the community and all stakeholders was critical for successful implementation of the trial. Creative and adaptable strategies were used to address protocol-specific, operational and logistical challenges. This study provided lessons and solutions that can be applied to other trials among adolescents in similar settings elsewhere, and to school-based immunization programs.

Conclusion: Sufficient time and resources should be planned for community preparation and sensitization to ensure buy in and acceptance of a project of this kind. This trial shows that challenges to implementing early field trials in Africa are not insurmountable and that necessary well-planned high-quality ethical trials are feasible and should be encouraged.

Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02178748 03/06/2014
De propuestas teóricas a la práctica arquitectónica. Miguel Fisac y su primera obra moderna.
Authors: Díaz del Campo Martín Mantero Ramón Vicente
Published: September 2018

Los años cincuenta fueron fructíferos para el desarrollo de la arquitectura moderna en España. Muchos arquitectos afianzaron sus lenguajes buscando la introducción de elementos modernos. Algunas de las construcciones más enigmáticas del momento fueron el Gobierno Civil de Tarragona y el Pabellón de los Hexágonos en la Exposición de Bruselas de 1958, edificios representativos del Estado Español que se construyeron con una estética marcadamente moderna que nos indicaba que algo había ocurrido en la política arquitectónica del gobierno franquista. En todo este proceso de modernización destacó la figura de Miguel Fisac, que tuvo un papel protagonista tanto en su faceta teórica como por su singular obra.
Arquitectura y funcionalidad del Museo Julio Romero de Torres de Córdoba en la década de los treinta.
Authors: García Ramos María Dolores
Published: September 2018

El estudio de la arquitectura museística forma parte de los intereses de la Museología. Este trabajo pretende acercarnos al momento de creación del Museo Julio Romero de Torres de Córdoba, a través del estudio y análisis del proceso de configuración y transformación de su edificio en la década de 1930 con el objetivo principal de poner de manifiesto el complejo programa de ampliaciones y reformas llevados a cabo bajo la tutela del Museo Provincial de Bellas Artes de Córdoba.
Fragmentos a la deriva: Una lectura de Adventure Series de Tracey Moffatt
Authors: Caro Cabrera María Vicenta
Published: September 2018

La obra fotográfica Adventure Series de la artista visual Tracey Moffatt se posiciona como nexo entre el cine de corte clásico institucional y las disciplinas narrativas que usan series de imágenes como estructura formal –ya sea la novela gráfica, la fotonovela o la fotografía secuencial. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los procesos lógicos de revisión (revisión como re-lectura de la experiencia visual del pasado) y apropiación del imaginario personal como detonante en el proceso de creación plástica; además de poner el foco de atención en la particular articulación formal de la obra Adventure Series, en cómo la narrativa (en tanto que compendio de fábula, historia y texto) relega su sentido lineal clásico en pos de sostener y propiciar en el lector/espectador un déjà vu, un recuerdo inconsistente de involución progresiva. Esta obra de Tracey Moffatt actúa como una cita visual con marcada estructura narrativa -las claras analogías formales de Adventure Series con el fotograma enfatizan ese aspecto- lo cual, en su caso particular, no le confiere un sentido narrativo clásico.
Málaga hoy, laboratorio de ideas para una ciudad soñada: Megalomanía, proyectos-estrella y arquitectura del business
Authors: González Torres Javier
Published: September 2018

Y tras la tempestad… ¡vuelve el ladrillo! Cuando las cifras macroeconómicas hablan del fin de la recesión y el comienzo de una nueva época expansiva, instituciones públicas y empresas privadas vuelven a proponer planteamientos arquitectónicos y a encabezar proyectos urbanísticos que, por mor de la crisis, quedaron paralizados. Málaga y su provincia no escapan a esos sueños de grandeza especulativos. La configuración estética de estas iniciativas, al margen de cuestiones políticas o medioambientales, permite ahondar en las raíces de sus planteamientos, desgranando influencias, derivaciones o perversiones. Proponemos un paseo virtual, crítico, por una cartografía malagueña que no existe pero que puede analizarse a través de esbozos, maquetas, presentaciones infográficas y memorias descriptivas. El objetivo es conocer si suponen una novedad o, por el contrario, no son más que ‘cortinas de humo’ que repiten formas, modos y apariencias de otros tiempos.
Música visual: De los órganos de color a los primeros ordenadores
Authors: García Miragall Carlos Manuel , Sanmartín Piquer Francisco , Gracia Bensa Trinidad
Published: September 2018

La idea de obtener imágenes a partir de la música ha sido tratada a lo largo de los siglos; no como un movimiento independiente sino siempre dentro del contexto cultural y tecnológico de cada época.  Este esfuerzo histórico se puede agrupar en lo que se ha venido a denominar Música Visual, Visualización del Sonido o Sonido Visual  que fundamenta su naturaleza en la noción de sinestesia (Brougher 2005). El campo de la Música Visual siempre ha estado marcado por los medios tecnológicos involucrados en la creación de imágenes. En este trabajo realizamos una revisión histórica de algunas de las aportaciones que consideramos más relevantes centrándonos en las relaciones entre tecnología y arte. Nuestro repaso se inicia con las primeras intuiciones de los filósofos griegos de relacionar color y sonido y termina en los inicios de la era digital.
Zelulosa-nanokristaletan oinarritutako material nanokonposatuak
Authors: Goikuria Uribarri , Lizundia Erlantz
Published: September 2018

Gaur egungo plastiko erabilienak oraindik petroliotik deribatutako polimero eta lehengaietan oinarrituta daude, horrek ingurumenean duen eragina eta guzti, material horiek biodegradagarriak ez direlako, besteak beste. Egoera honetan, erakunde eta industria sektore askotan, gero eta erregulazio eta estandar gehiago ezartzen ari dira, produktu jasankorragoak eta ingurumenarekiko aproposagoak garatzea bultzatzeko helburuan. Honen eraginez, polimero biodegradagarrien inguruan interes handia piztu da, eta material horien aukerak sakonki ikertzen ari dira. Polimero biodegradagarri mota desberdinak daude eta horrez gain, polimero berriak aurkitzeko eta garatzeko asmoarekin, oinarrizko materialen inguruan aukera desberdinak aztertzen ari dira. Ikerketa zabal honi esker, material polimeriko biodegradagarrien arloan propietate berri eta interesgarriak agertzen ari dira eta honekin lotuta aplikazioa askotarako aukerak. Material biodegradagarrien artean, zelulosatik deribatutakoak nabarmendu daitezke; zelulosak jatorri naturala du, material oparoenetariko bat da eta ezaugarri apartak azaltzen ditu. Zelulosa eta horren propietate bereziak aspaldi ezagunak diren arren, gaur egun ikerkuntza-arlo emankor bat zabaldu da zelulosatik sintetizatutako eskala nanometrikoko materialen inguruan, material horiek agertzen dituzten propietate ikusgarrien eta funtzionalizazio-aukeren ondorioz. nanozelulosa mota desberdinak lor daitezke, zelulosa-nanozuntzak (ZNZak), zelulosa-nanokristal (ZNKak) eta nanozelulosa bakterianoa (NZBa). Nanozelulosa mota bakoitzak xehetasun partikularrak ditu, propietate bereziak eta berezitasun hauen ondorioz aplikazio arlo ugari agertzen ari dira, etorkizun nabarmena eskainiz. Bestalde, aplikazioaren arabera ez ezik materialak oinarrizko egituraren distribuzioaren arabera sailkatzen baditugu, nanozelulosan oinarritutako materialak hidrogel, aerogel edo film bezala aurkitu dezakegu. Zehazki, nanozelulosan oinarritutako aerogelak emaitza ikusgarriak ematen ari dira, horien pisu arin eta dentsitate baxu, porositate altu eta propietate mekaniko paregabeen ondorioz besteak beste. Propietate horri zelulosaren biobateragarritasuna, toxikotasunik eza eta biodegradagarritasuna gehitzen badizkiogu, material interesgarriak lor daitezke, funtzionalizazio- eta kustomizazio-aukera zabalak dituztenak. Pertsonalizazio-aukeren eta ezaugarri aparten ondorioz, nanozelulosa eta nanozelulosan oinarritutako materialak zenbait sektoretan hasi dira erabiltzen; besteak beste ingurumenean, energian, biomedikuntzan, enbalatze eta elikadura industrietan edo garraioan.
Exaeskalarako sare-interkonexioen diseinurako helburu-aniztasuneko optimizazioa
Authors: Pascual Jose A. , Navaridas Javier
Published: September 2018

Exaeskala errendimendua milioika kalkulu-nukleoz osaturiko sistemak erabiliz lortuko da. Elementu horiek konektatzeko moduak (sare-topologia) izugarrizko eragina du hainbat errendimendu ezaugarritan. Lan honetan, sare-topologiak diseinatzeko helburu-aniztasuneko optimizazioan oinarritutako ingurune bat proposatzen dugu, EBk finantzatuta ExaNeSt proiektuan garatzen ari garena. ExaNeSt sistemaren sarearen modulartasunari esker sare-topologia ezberdinak diseinatu ditzakegu hainbat errendimendu-helburu optimizatzeko; esaterako, inguruko komunikazioak, hutsegite-tolerantzia eta energia-kontsumoa. Topologiak sortzeko prozesua optimizazio bidez gauzatzen da (sare-topologiaren hainbat ezaugarri minimizatuz) teknika ebolutiboak erabilita. Simulazio bidezko emaitzen analisiak sortutako topologiek errendimendu-helburuak betetzen dituztela erakusten du. Gainera, sare-topologia ezagun batekin egindako konparazioan ikus daiteke gure proposamenak sortzen dituen sareek propietate topologiko hobeak dauzkatela eta, aldi berean, errendimendu handiagoa lortzen dutela.
Arteztutako gainazaletan diamantatze prozesuko patroiak karakterizatzeko metodologiaren garapena
Authors: Galletebeitia Aitzol , Uranga Gorka , Álvarez Jorge , Pombo Iñigo
Published: September 2018

Diamantatze prozesuaren eragin nabarmenetako bat da prozesuak pieza arteztuaren gainazalaren akabera baldintzatzen duela. Hain zuzen, aitzinapen transbertsaldun diamantatze prozesuen eraginez, arteztutako piezen gainazalean helize itxurako markak agertu ohi dira. Gisa horretako markak agertzeak eragin kaltegarriak izan ditzake zenbait aplikazioren errendimenduan, piezen funtzio nagusia zigilatzea edo koipeztatzea bada. Horren aplikazio nabarmenetako bat zigilu erradialak daramatzaten ardatz birakariak dira, non ezinbestekoa gertatzen den zigiluaren bizitza ahalik eta gehien luzatzea betiere zigilatzea bermatuaz. Horretarako, ezinbestekoa gertatzen da piezaren gainazala neurtu eta helize itxurako patroiak era egoki batean karakterizatzea. Artikulu honetan, patroi horiek ebaluatzeko erabiltzen diren ohiko metodoen berrikusketa sakon bat egiteaz gain, metodologia berri baten berri emango da, IK4-Ideko garatzen ari dena arteztutako gainazalak neurtzeko eta dressing-leada karakterizatzeko.
A GESTÃO EDUCACIONAL NAS FORMULAÇÕES DE POLÍTICAS PARA A EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA NO GOVERNO LULA
Authors: Vitor Alves Andréia Vicência
Published: September 2018

Este estudo busca compreender a gestão na política educacional brasileira para a educação básica no Governo de Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (Governo Lula), por meio de pesquisa documental e teórico-bibliográfica. Inicia abordando o Governo Lula e suas principais iniciativas para a educação básica e logo após apresenta suas ações voltadas para gestão da educação básica, concluindo que o Governo Lula apresenta iniciativas com mecanismos de gestão democrática da educação, tendo em vista uma formação para a cidadania, a participação dos cidadãos nas discussões, tomadas de decisões e materialização das ações de acordo com os seus anseios, mas também possui ações com mecanismos de gestão gerencial, que visam a um planejamento estratégico, eficaz, que possibilita a participação da comunidade escolar apenas na execução das tarefas previamente pensadas pela União e tem como fim a busca de desempenho e resultados na educação escolar, sendo estas as ações que possuem ênfase no Governo Lula. Na esfera normativa, a gestão democrática ainda é estabelecida como a concepção de gestão que deve vigorar na educação brasileira, entretanto vem ocorrendo a incorporação da gestão gerencial nas principais iniciativas da União nesse Governo.
LETRAMENTO CRIATIVO: UM PANORAMA HISTÓRICO DA UTILIZAÇÃO DE ABORDAGENS PROVENIENTES DA ÁREA DE DESIGN NA ÁREA DA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Sperb Daniel Quintana , Ribeiro Jose Luis Duarte , Fossatti Paulo
Published: September 2018

O tema central do presente artigo versa sobre o desenvolvimento da capacidade criativa no âmbito da educação por meio do Design. Tem por objetivo apresentar um panorama histórico da utilização de abordagens provenientes da área de Design em Educação. A metodologia utilizada foi de cunho qualitativo, tipo descritivo, com revisão de literatura e os resultados se mostraram satisfatórios ao ponto que foi possível estabelecer um cenário global acerca das principais iniciativas encontradas, tanto na literatura quanto na rede mundial de computadores. Para melhor compreender a contribuição da educação em Design, por meio do conceito de Letramento Criativo, foi necessário entender as principais correntes relacionadas ao Design e à Educação a partir de uma revisão de literatura fundamentada em ambas as áreas. Os resultados registram o Design enquanto terceira área do conhecimento, ou seja, uma linha de raciocínio baseada em uma visão de aprendizagem humana, que sugere que há mais do que as duas polaridades (humanidades e ciências) que estão expressas na noção das culturas. Tal atividade é descrita por Archer (1974) como uma terceira área denominada Design. Com relação à Educação, concluiu-se que, de uma forma geral, as escolas são orientadas para a resposta e não para a pergunta e atuam predominantemente na reprodução e não na reflexão.
AGENTE MIRIM DE DEFESA CIVIL: EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL PARA PREVENÇÃO E REDUÇÃO DE RISCOS DE DESASTRES NATURAIS EM BLUMENAU, SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Vieira Rafaela , Ribeiro Jefferson
Published: September 2018

Em Blumenau, localizada na bacia hidrográfica do rio Itajaí, em Santa Catarina, a Defesa Civil vem desenvolvendo em escolas municipais, estaduais e privadas, atividades para sensibilização da população frente aos riscos de desastres naturais. Dentre as ações, existe a capacitação dos estudantes para conhecer o que é risco e como proceder antes, durante e após um desastre. O projeto intitulado de Agente Mirim de Defesa Civil (AMDC) busca mediar conhecimentos para a prevenção e a Redução de Riscos de Desastres (RRD) ao longo de um ano. Este estudo procura descrever o projeto AMDC com base em seus procedimentos metodológicos, por meio do acompanhamento dos encontros e da aplicação de formulários comparativos. Os resultados obtidos durante os acompanhamentos demonstram que os encontros propostos pela Defesa Civil de Blumenau capacitam os estudantes com embasamentos nas práticas da Educação Ambiental (EA).
Moral Character: Challenges for Auditors in Serving Public Interest
Authors: Budisusetyo Sasongko
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this research is to examine how auditorsâ€™ moral character influences their ethical decision making when faced with an ethical dilemma situation. Organizational ethical climate and the intensity of competition in a public accounting firm are used as a moderating variable. The results of this study have implications as ethical decision quality can be obtained and carried through increased moral character. By identifying the potential drivers for improving auditorsâ€™ moral character, this research can inform the discussions and strategies of professional bodies, regulators and government on improving the audit quality of financial reports. The intensity of competition in a public accounting firm may have an impact on improving the quality of auditing services, but on the other hand, also have an impact on ethical issues. This research lays the foundation for competition among public accounting firms being recognized as a major issue in industrial policy in auditing services.Â
Odnos in znanje medicinskih sester ter ovire pri implementaciji na dokazih temelječe prakse
Authors: Bole Urban , Skela-Savič Brigita
Published: September 2018

Uvod: Na dokazih temelječa praksa velja za zlati standard obravnave pacientov. Namen raziskave je bil preučiti odnos, znanje in ovire pri implementaciji na dokazih temelječe prakse v zdravstveni negi.Metode: Uporabljen je bil sistematični pregled znanstvene in strokovne literature. V pregled so bile vključene naslednje baze: CINAHL Plus, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global, SpringerLink, WILEY in PubMed. Omejitvena kriterija iskanja sta bila objava članka med letoma 2008 in 2017 ter dostopnost celotnega besedila člankov v angleščini. Ključne besede iskanja: nurse, evidence based practice, implementation barriers. V končni pregled je bilo vključenih 37 člankov. Ocena kakovosti dokazov je prikazana v hierarhiji dokazov. Podatki so bili obdelani s tematsko kvalitativno analizo.Rezultati: Identificiranih je 73 kod, ki so združene v 7 vsebinskih kategorij: (1) dejavniki, ki vplivajo na negativen odnos medicinskih sester do na dokazih temelječe prakse, (2) dejavniki, ki vplivajo na pozitiven odnos medicinskih sester do na dokazih temelječe prakse, (3) znanje raziskovanja medicinskih sester za uporabo znanstvenih dokazov v kliničnem okolju, (4) znanje uporabe informacijske tehnologije za iskanje dokazov, (5) vpliv mentorstva in kompetenc za implementacijo na dokazih temelječe prakse v klinično okolje, (6) ovire organizacije za implementacijo na dokazih temelječe prakse v klinično okolje in (7) ovire medicinskih sester za implementacijo na dokazih temelječe prakse v klinično okolje.Diskusija in zaključek: Raziskava pokaže pozitiven kot tudi negativen odnos medicinskih sester do na dokazih temelječe prakse. Osredotoča se na pomanjkanja znanja in ovire, s katerimi se srečujejo medicinske sestre pri implementaciji na dokazih temelječe prakse v klinično okolje.
ANALYSIS OF C1, C2 SCREW FIXATION FOR ATLANTOAXIAL INSTABILITY IN PATIENTS OF DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS
Authors: Gubin A. V. , Burtsev A. V. , Ryabykh S. O. , Klimov V. S. , Evsyukov A. V. , Ivliev D. S.
Published: September 2018

Objective. To analyze feasibility and safety of C1, C2 fixation for craniocervical stabilization in patients of different age groups.Material and Methods. Study design is a retrospective multicenter cohort analysis. Level of evidence – II. The study was based on the diagnosis and treatment data of 43 patients aged 5–74 years who underwent C1, C2 screw fixation.Results. In most cases, atlantoaxial instability was due to traumatic injuries. Screws were implanted in C1 in 81 cases, and in C2 in 80. Postoperative MSCT data were evaluated in 41 patients. The position of the screws in C1 was defined as ideal in 63,0 % of cases, in the remaining cases there were malpositions, with 6 screws having double malpositions. Out of 80 screws inserted in C2, 64 were implanted transpedicularly. In 59.5 % of cases, a good position was revealed; in other cases different malpositions were noted. In none of the cases neurovascular damage or clinical manifestation occurred.Conclusion. Analysis of screw fixation of C1, C2 showed that this technique is feasible in patients of different age groups. Duration of surgery and blood loss did not go beyond the conventional values. Postoperative malpositions are not accompanied by neurological disorders, which allows to consider this fixation quite safe.
Electrically evoked wrist extensor muscle fatigue throughout repetitive motion as measured by mechanomyography and near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Mohamad Saadon Nurul Salwani , Hamzaid Nur Azah , Hasnan Nazirah , Dzulkifli Muhammad Afiq , Davis Glen M.
Published: September 2018

Repetitive electrically-evoked muscle contraction leads to accelerated muscle fatigue. This study assessed electrically-evoked fatiguing muscle with changes to mechanomyography root mean square percentage (%RMS-MMG) and tissue saturation index (%TSI) in extensor carpi radialis. Forty healthy volunteers (n=40) performed repetitive electrical-evoked wrist extension to fatigue and results were analyzed pre- and post-fatigue, i.e. 50% power output (%PO) drop. Responses of %PO, %TSI and %RMS-MMG were correlated while the relationships between %RMS-MMG and %TSI were investigated using linear regression. The %TSI for both groups were negatively correlated with declining %PO as the ability of the muscle to take up oxygen became limited due to fatigued muscle. The %RMS-MMG behaved in two different patterns post-fatigue against declining %PO whereby; (i) group A showed positive correlation (%RMS-MMG decreased) throughout the session and (ii) group B demonstrated negative correlation (%RMS-MMG increased) with declining %PO until the end of the session. Regression analysis showed %TSI was inversely proportional to %RMS-MMG during post-fatigue in group A. Small gradients in both groups suggested that %TSI was not sensitive to the changes in %RMS-MMG and they were mutually exclusive. Most correlation and regression changed significantly post-fatigue indicating that after fatigue, the condition of muscle had changed mechanically and physiologically.
Serum cytokines, adipokines and ferritin for non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis in chronic liver disease: a systematic review
Authors: Haghgoo Seyyed Mortaza , Sharafi Heidar , Alavian Seyed Moayed
Published: September 2018

Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a major health problem worldwide. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), chronic hepatitis C (CHC), chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and alcoholic liver disease (ALD) are the most common etiologies of CLD. Liver biopsy is the gold standard for assessment of liver fibrosis, however, it is an invasive method. This review attempts to evaluate the usefulness of serum adiponectin, serum leptin, serum ferritin, serum transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and serum platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) as non-invasive markers in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis. A systematic search in MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and local databases was performed to identify articles published in English or Persian as of November 2017. Studies conducted among CLD patients, with biopsy proven fibrosis/cirrhosis, and providing sufficient details of patients’ clinicopathological characteristics were included. In the 95 studies included, there were a total of 15,548 CLD patients. More than 83% of studies were carried out in Asia and Europe. The relationship between liver fibrosis/cirrhosis and serum levels of ferritin, adiponectin, leptin, TGF-β1, and PDGF-BB was assessed in 42, 33, 27, nine, and three studies, respectively. Serum levels of the markers, particularly ferritin, could successfully predict liver fibrosis/cirrhosis, however, these data might not be clinically replicated and further studies are needed.
Return Mapping Algorithms (RMAs) for Two-Yield Surface Thermoviscoplastic Models Using the Consistent Tangent Operator
Authors: Antoni Grégory , Lebon Frédéric , Désoyer Thierry
Published: September 2018

The return mapping algorithms (RMAs) presented here are designed for use with pressure-dependent thermoviscoplastic constitutive models involving irreversible effects associated with solid–solid phase transformations. During the volume solid–solid phase transformations occurring under mechanical loads, an “anomalous” plasticity, the so-called “TRansformation Induced Plasticity” (TRIP), is generated at much lower stress levels than those related to the yield stress of the material in the context of the classical plasticity. TRIP mechanisms are superimposed on the classical plasticity which is liable to occur in the case of metallic materials. Based on a non-standard generalized material framework, two different models are presented in which an “associative” plastic flow is introduced in the context of classical plasticity and a “non-associative” flow rule in the context of TRIP-like plasticity. In this paper, a complete algorithmic treatment of these two rate-dependent constitutive models is therefore proposed with the associated consistent tangent operator for dealing the quasi-surface irreversible solid–solid transformations which can appear in metal alloys during specific thermomechanical solicitations. The predictive abilities of the presented numerical procedure for modelling this kind of the irreversible solid–solid transformations involving two plasticity processes are tested and assessed by performing a two-dimensional finite-element analysis on some numerical examples.
Vitamin A and β-carotene in pregnant and breastfeeding post-bariatric women in an urban population
Authors: Garretto Diana , Kim Youn-Kyung , Quadro Loredana , Rhodas Rebekah R. , Pimentel Veronica , Crnosija Natalie A. , Nie Lizhou , Bernstein Peter , Tropper Pamela , Neal-Perry Genevieve S.
Published: September 2018

Background

As breastfeeding awareness and social acceptance are increased, maternal nutritional deficiency requires more investigation.

Methods

A prospective cohort study was conducted to determine if vitamin A deficiency is more common in pregnant, lactating post-bariatric surgery women in an inner city population. Antepartum, women after bariatric surgery and controls with no history of malabsorption were recruited. Third trimester, postpartum maternal blood and cord blood were collected as well as three breast milk samples: colostrum, transitional and mature milk. A nutritional survey of diet was completed. Each serum sample was analyzed for total retinol and β-carotene; breast milk samples were analyzed for retinol and retinyl esters, total retinol and β-carotene.

Results

Fifty-three women after bariatric surgery and 66 controls were recruited. Postpartum serum retinol was significantly higher in women after bariatric surgery in the univariate analysis (P<0.0001) and confirmed in the multiple linear mixed model (P=0.0001). Breast milk colostrum retinol and transitional milk total retinol were significantly greater in the bariatric surgery group in the univariate analysis (P=0.03 and P=0.02, respectively), but not after adjusting for confounders. Serum β-carotene in the third trimester and postpartum were lower (P<0.0001 and P=0.003, respectively) in the bariatric surgery group but not after adjusting for confounders. Vitamin A deficiency was high in both groups in serum and breast milk samples.

Conclusion

Nutritional deficiencies in breastfeeding women after bariatric surgeries may in fact be less common than in control women in an inner city.
Thermo-oxidative and thermal degradation kinetics of silica/polymethyl methacrylate composites with electrostatic interaction phase interfaces
Authors: Li Hongyan , Fu Yongqiang , Liu Hongli , Sun Cong , Li Ruyi , Song Limeng , Yang Aiwu , Wei Dongqing
Published: September 2018

The thermo-oxidative and thermal degradation kinetic parameters of polymethyl methacrylate-methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride/silica aerogel composites (PMMA-MTC/SA) were investigated in this paper and were compared with the thermal stability and thermal conductivity of different types of composites. As a composite with electrostatic interaction, the thermo-oxidative and thermal degradation activation energies (E) of PMMA-MTC/SA were 173.97 and 188.05 kJ/mol, respectively. The results indicated that the electrostatic interaction could indeed enhance the thermal stability of silica/polymethyl methacrylate composites on the premise of good mechanical properties and heat insulation performance. It is of great significance for the further development of silica-based thermal insulation composites.
Introduction: hydrogen storage as solution for a changing energy landscape
Authors: Zell Thomas , Langer Robert
Published: September 2018

The expansion of sustainable technologies and infrastructures for the production and delivery of energy to the final consumer and the development of new technologies for energy production, storage and distribution, are challenging and inevitable tasks. Power plants based on the combustion of fossil fuel resources or nuclear power plants are not suitable to provide energy in the future due to significant disadvantages and dangers associated with these outdated technologies. The development of new sustainable technologies for the production of energy is desirable. Besides focusing on the production step, the change in global energy landscape requires also new and improved energy storage systems. Requirements for these storage solutions will strongly depend on the application. Storing energy by producing and consuming hydrogen is in this context a very attractive approach. It may be suitable for storage of energy for transportation and also for the bulk energy storage. Due to physical restrictions of high pressure hydrogen storage, alternative techniques are developed. This is, in turn, an ongoing task with multidisciplinary aspects, which combines chemistry, physics, material science and engineering. Herein, we review the production and consumption of energy, different energy storage applications, and we introduce the concept of hydrogen storage based on hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions of small molecules.
Graduierung nicht skalarer Verben
Authors: Fleischhauer Jens
Published: September 2018

The paper deals with degree gradation of verbs in German. Gradation is a process of comparing degrees on a scale but not all gradable verbs lexicalize a suitable gradation scale. In the paper, a definition of ‘lexically scalar predicate’ is proposed and based on that definition, it is argued that some gradable verbs are not lexically scalar. I argue essentially that such verbs require the activation of a gradation scale. The scale is licensed by the lexical semantics of the gradable verb but retrieved from the conceptual knowledge associated with the verb.