bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Powerful Radio Sources in the Southern Sky. III. First Results of the Optical Spectroscopic Campaign
Authors: García-Pérez A. , Peña-Herazo H. A. , Jimenez-Gallardo A. , Chavushyan V. , Massaro F. , White S. V. , Capetti A. , Balmaverde B. , Forman W. R. , Cheung C. C. , Madrid J. P. , Mazzucchelli C. , Nesvadba N. P. H. , Andruchow I. , Cellone S. , Grossová R. , Paggi A. , Sani E. , Reynaldi V. , Kraft R. P. , Leto C.
Published: February 2024

We recently built the G4Jy-3CRE catalog of extragalactic radio sources. This catalog lists 264 powerful radio sources selected with similar criteria to those of the revised Third Cambridge Catalog, but visible from the Southern Hemisphere. A literature search revealed that 119 sources in the G4Jy-3CRE catalog (i.e., 45%) lack a firm spectroscopic redshift measurement. Here, we present a campaign aimed at acquiring optical spectra of G4Jy-3CRE sources and measuring their redshifts. We used single-slit observations obtained with the Víctor Blanco Telescope, the New Technology Telescope, the Southern Astrophysical Research Telescope, and the 2.1 m telescope of the Observatorio Astronómico Nacional at San Pedro Mártir, Mexico. In addition, we analyzed Very Large Telescope/MUSE archival observations. From these observations, we report the spectra and redshifts of 93 sources, 42 of which are the first optical spectra and redshift determinations for the respective sources. With our new data, approximately 71% of the sources in the G4Jy-3CRE catalog now have firm spectroscopic redshift measurements. This data set will be the basis of our future analysis of the optical properties of the G4Jy-3CRE catalog.
A Multibranch Deep Neural Network for the Superresolution of Solar Magnetograms
Authors: Dou Fengping , Xu Long , Zhao Dong , Ren Zhixiang
Published: February 2024

The existing superresolution (SR) models for solar magnetograms are mostly borrowed from the SR models for natural images. They are less effective for processing solar magnetograms with a very large dynamic range and very rich image features. In this paper, a multibranch superresolution (MBSR) model is specially designed for solar magnetograms. First, we split a low-resolution magnetogram into a group of overlapping image patches, and classify them into three categories according to magnetic flux intensity, namely simple, medium, and complex. Then, image patches of each category are fed into the corresponding branch of the MBSR network, the lightweight branch for simple image patches and the heavyweight one for complex image patches. The advantage of such a strategy is twofold. On the one hand, active regions are allocated more computational resources to train a heavyweight branch more fully, while quiet regions are allocated fewer computational resources to train a lightweight branch for saving computational resources. On the other hand, a lightweight network with a simple nonlinear function is preferable to simple regions, while a heavyweight one may be underfitting. Additionally, to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model, a magnetic field structure similarity metric is proposed to measure the artifacts of the generated high-resolution (HR) magnetograms. Experimental results show that the proposed MBSR model generates HR magnetograms highly consistent with the HMI ones, and achieves the best performance over five objective metrics, including peak signal-to-noise ratio and structure similarity, etc.
Reevaluating LSST’s Capability for Time Delay Measurements in Quasar Accretion Disks
Authors: Pozo Nuñez F. , Czerny B. , Panda S. , Kovacevic A. , Brandt W. , Horne K. ,   on behalf of the LSST AGN Science Collaboration
Published: February 2024

The Legacy Survey of Space and Time at the Vera C. Rubin Observatory is poised to observe thousands of quasars using the Deep Drilling Fields (DDF) across six broadband filters over a decade. Understanding quasar accretion disk (AD) time delays is pivotal for probing the physics of these distant objects. Pozo Nuñez et al. has recently demonstrated the feasibility of recovering AD time delays with accuracies ranging from 5% to 20%, depending on the quasar’s redshift and time sampling intervals. Here we reassess the potential for measuring AD time delays under the current DDF observing cadence, which is placeholder until a final cadence is decided. We find that contrary to prior expectations, achieving reliable AD time delay measurements for quasars is significantly more challenging, if not unfeasible, due to the limitations imposed by the current observational strategies.
Clinical impact of pleural fluid carcinoembryonic antigen on therapeutic strategy and efficacy in lung adenocarcinoma patients with malignant pleural effusion
Authors: Lee Jaehee , Lee Deok Heon , Park Ji Eun , Lee Yong Hoon , Choi Sun Ha , Seo Hyewon , Yoo Seung Soo , Lee Shin Yup , Cha Seung-Ick , Park Jae Yong , Kim Chang Ho
Published: February 2024

Background/Aims: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation is important in determining the treatment strategy for advanced lung cancer patients with malignant pleural effusion (MPE). Contrary to serum carcinoembryonic antigen (S-CEA) levels, the associations between pleural fluid CEA (PF-CEA) levels and EGFR mutation status as well as between PF-CEA levels and treatment efficacy have rarely been investigated in lung adenocarcinoma patients with MPE.Methods: This retrospective study enrolled lung adenocarcinoma patients with MPE and available PF-CEA levels and EGFR mutation results. The patients were categorized based on PF-CEA levels: < 10 ng/mL, 10–100 ng/mL, 100–500 ng/mL, and ≥ 500 ng/mL. The association between PF-CEA levels and EGFR mutation status as well as their therapeutic impact on overall survival was compared among the four groups.Results: This study included 188 patients. PF-CEA level was found to be an independent predictor of EGFR mutation but not S-CEA level. The EGFR mutation rates were higher as the PF-CEA levels increased, regardless of cytology results or sample types. Among EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients receiving EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment, those with high PF-CEA levels had significantly better survival outcomes than those with low PF-CEA levels.Conclusion: High PF-CEA levels were associated with high EGFR mutation rate and may lead to a favorable clinical outcome of EGFR-TKI treatment in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients with MPE. These findings highlight the importance of actively investigating EGFR mutation detection in patients with suspected MPE and elevated PF-CEA levels despite negative cytology results.
Recherches sur la Sustainability
Authors: Pesqueux Yvon
Published: February 2024

Un enjeu clé du développement durable est la question de la mesure c’est-à-dire « qui mesure quoi et comment ? » qui va constituer la problématique de ce texte. Après avoir brièvement rappelé la définition de la métrologie, il sera successivement question de la dimension floue de la notion de développement durable comme fondatrice d’une disparité des métrologies correspondantes et, en conclusion, d’une métrologie du contrôle qui s’organise autour du principe de matérialité.
Recherches sur la Sustainability
Authors: Paulet Elisabeth , Mavoori Hareesh
Published: February 2024

Les réformes bancaires et la régulation ont transformé les facteurs de l’efficacité bancaire. Sur la base de données individuelles de plus de 90 banques européennes, américaines, chinoises et indiennes, nous examinons sur une période de 15 ans (2002-2016) l’évolution de ces facteurs en utilisant une analyse d’enveloppement des données et une frontière stochastique. Notre résultat principal prouve que la libéralisation financière a uniformisé les stratégies bancaires : les statuts ne sont pas les principaux critères pour expliquer l’efficacité. Sur le plan managérial, le contrôle des coûts et la recherche de liquidités sont devenus des facteurs essentiels pour améliorer l’efficacité. L’introduction de considération de développement durable montre en outre le difficile arbitrage entre soutenabilité et performance.
Recherches sur la Sustainability
Authors: Basse Diaga
Published: February 2024

Le développement durable ou en anglais sustainability development est « un développement qui répond aux besoins du présent sans compromettre la capacité des générations futures à répondre aux leurs » 1 . Il repose sur trois piliers essentiels que sont l’économie, l’environnement et la société. Ce chapitre traite de la décarbonation dans l’aviation dont l’objectif est de minimiser son impact sur le climat en améliorant encore son efficacité. La problématique est donc de comprendre les facteurs d’émission de CO 2  des aéronefs et de mettre en exergue les leviers sur lesquels les acteurs devront s’appuyer pour diminuer l’empreinte carbone du transport aérien sur le réchauffement climatique dont les conséquences sont dramatiques sur les populations. Les principales pistes de réduction des émissions du gaz carbonique néfastes à l’environnement ont trait à l’amélioration des rendements des moteurs d’avion, à la transition énergétique vers les biocarburants et à l’optimisation des opérations aériennes sans oublier les dynamiques humaines qui demeurent les facteurs clés de succès pour l’atteinte des objectifs de développement durable.
Recherches sur la Sustainability
Authors: Moscarola Jean , Mothe Caroline , Delfosse Estelle
Published: February 2024

A partir de l’analyse de 33 entretiens réalisés auprès des acteurs public et privé, engagés dans la réalisation de réseaux de chaleur et de froid (innovation répondant au besoin de climatisation en été comme en hiver) ce chapitre met en évidence la complexité des réponses aux changements climatiques. Celle- ci tient à l’imbrication et à la multiplicité des possibilités technologiques (chaud et ou froid, collectif et ou individuel) qui se déclinent en stratégies économiques techniques et organisationnelles. Les thèmes évoqués par les professionnels interrogés, leurs motivations et les freins qu’ils rencontrent mettent en évidence leurs difficultés à mettre en œuvre les possibilités technologiques dans la perspective d’un développement durable. L’analyse de ces entretiens montre que les intérêts individuels et les mentalités sont un obstacle à la survenue des changements possibles.
Recherches sur la Sustainability
Authors: Laval Florence , Dudézert Aurélie , Gibert Fanny
Published: February 2024

Au sortir de la crise sanitaire, la déception et la morosité sont des sentiments largement partagés par les salariés français. Actuellement, d’autres crises continuent d’affecter la relation des salariés au travail et à l’entreprise. Les transformations managériales successives ont accentué les tensions entre les salariés et les acteurs du management, ce qui a impacté la confiance à accorder aux discours et postures affichés par l’entreprise. Comment dans ces conditions, construire une relation de confiance durable avec le salarié ? Comment la pratique managériale peut-elle aider à construire cette relation, au service d’un management responsable, qui repose sur une relation managers/collaborateurs de qualité ? Spécialistes de la GRH et du management des systèmes d’informations, les auteures proposent dans ce chapitre une analyse du vécu et du ressenti des salariés à propos du travail pendant et à la sortie de la crise sanitaire. Les données collectées ont été obtenues grâce à une recherche longitudinale débutée en 2020. L’interprétation de ces données donnera lieu à des recommandations managériales appuyées sur le concept de plasticité et celui de contrat psychologique, afin de construire un management responsable pour faire face aux crises actuelles et futures.
Recherches sur la Sustainability
Authors: Primeau Marie-Douce , Champagne-Caron Cynthia , Romero-Torres Alejandro
Published: February 2024

Le développement durable et, plus précisément, l’acceptabilité sociale ont pris une importance majeure dans la réalisation de tout projet. En effet, le succès d’un projet va au-delà des trois dimensions du Triangle d’or (échéancier, coûts et portée) pour prendre en compte la «  Triple Bottom Line  » incluant les aspects sociaux, environnementaux et économiques de leur réalisation et de leurs livrables. Ainsi, l’acceptabilité sociale se place comme un levier pour favoriser la motivation et la participation des parties prenantes à tout projet et facilite leur réalisation. Bien que de nombreuses études aient été menées sur l’acceptabilité sociale des projets dans les dernières années, le concept reste encore flou et mal défini, sans parler des nombreuses contradictions qui entravent la compréhension des facteurs influençant l’acceptabilité sociale des projets. Ce chapitre vise à approfondir les connaissances sur le sujet et à éclaircir les facteurs contribuant à l’acceptabilité sociale dans le contexte de projets. En s’appuyant sur les résultats d’une recension de littérature systématique, ce chapitre vise à contribuer aux connaissances sur le développement durable et l’acceptabilité en classant les facteurs d’acceptabilité sociale en quatre groupes : organisationnels, contextuels, individuels et propres au projet. Cette catégorisation permettra de comprendre les enjeux d’acceptabilité sociale des projets et d’identifier des pistes pour assurer l’adhésion et l’engagement des parties prenantes.
Jacques Lacan et le cas de Pearl King
Authors: King Pearl , Maubrun Sylvain
Published: February 2024

Dans cet article, j’ai essayé de montrer comment, en traitant le genre de patient que j’ai décrit, j’ai pu utiliser la perception que j’avais de mes propres réponses émotionnelles et des changements dans mes propres ressentis 4 comme un outil essentiel à la compréhension des subtiles déformations et demandes contradictoires qui découlaient de leur besoin inconscient de contrôler leurs parents et substituts parentaux, en projetant sur eux cette image figée de mauvais parents dans laquelle leurs objets étaient « enfermés », avec pour conséquence un retard et un appauvrissement de leur propre développement émotionnel et de leur moi. Si j’avais étiqueté mes réactions à ces patients comme un phénomène contre-transférentiel 5 ne renvoyant qu’à mes propres réactions névrotiques à leur transfert – réactions que je n’aurais ainsi pas dû éprouver –, je me serais alors coupée d’une source de compréhension sans laquelle j’aurais été incapable de dégager ce mécanisme particulier utilisé si efficacement par ces patients.
Que sait‐on du travail ?
Authors: Perraudin Corinne , Thévenot Nadine
Published: February 2024

D’après l’ enquête Conditions de travail-Risques psychosociaux de la Dares, l’exposition aux risques physiques ainsi que la fréquence des accidents du travail sont plus importantes dans les établissements sous-traitants. Ces constats invitent à réfléchir aux politiques de prévention des risques professionnels et à la définition d’un cadre juridique conduisant à responsabiliser les donneurs d’ordres dans toutes les situations de sous-traitance, au-delà des seules situations de coactivité.
Que sait‐on du travail ?
Authors: Coutrot Thomas , Perez Coralie
Published: February 2024

« Grande démission », « métiers essentiels », « emplois à impact positif », « bifurqueurs écologiques »… Depuis une dizaine d’années, et plus encore depuis la pandémie de Covid-19, les interrogations sur le sens du travail se multiplient dans la société, et pas seulement chez les jeunes. Si les conséquences d’une perte de sens sur la santé des travailleuses et des travailleurs sont considérables, il est aussi possible d’agir sur les causes de cette perte. Longtemps, dans le débat public comme chez les économistes, le travail en tant qu’activité a été négligé au profit de l’emploi – son volume, sa rémunération, sa durée, etc. La thématique de la souffrance au travail (Dejours, 1998 ) puis celle des risques psychosociaux (Gollac et Bodier, 2011 ) se sont ensuite imposées comme un problème sanitaire majeur. Plus récemment, l’attention s’est portée sur la perte de sens du travail.
Que sait‐on du travail ?
Authors: Jolivet Annie
Published: February 2024

Les réformes successives des retraites en France ont progressivement allongé la durée de la vie professionnelle, en augmentant la durée de cotisation, puis en relevant les âges seuils pour accéder à une retraite à taux plein. Les réformes de 2019 et de 2023 ont suscité des débats particulièrement vifs quant aux inégales possibilités de rester en emploi jusqu’à la retraite au regard des conditions de travail. Nous proposons ici d’examiner plus particulièrement les conditions de travail dans la dernière partie de la vie professionnelle. Comment les caractéristiques du travail pour des salariés plus âgés se combinent-elles ? Comment cela affecte-t-il leur jugement sur la soutenabilité de leur travail ? Quels sont les aménagements de fin de carrière accessibles ? Quelles autres voies les actions en matière d’amélioration du travail empruntent-elles ?
Que sait‐on du travail ?
Authors: François Pierre , Voldoire Théo
Published: February 2024

A-t-on assisté, au cours des quarante dernières, à une nouvelle phase de l’affrontement du capital et du travail ? Si l’on s’intéresse à la situation états-unienne, la réponse est sans conteste positive et l’issue de cet affrontement est très favorable au capital. Mais qu’en est-il en France ? L’emprise croissante des logiques financières s’exerce-t-elle dans tous les segments du tissu socioproductif ? Cette domination accrue du capital s’accompagne-t-elle, comme aux États-Unis, d’un affaiblissement délibéré, profond et durable, de la représentation des intérêts du travail ou, au contraire, d’une revivification du conflit entre les deux facteurs de production ?
Que sait‐on du travail ?
Authors: Greenan Nathalie , Napolitano Silvia
Published: February 2024

La capacité d’apprentissage de l’organisation est un facteur d’innovation identifié dans la littérature économique et de gestion mais qui reste la plupart du temps non mesuré et donc absent des études empiriques sur la transformation technologique. Pourtant, ce facteur semble essentiel à la réussite de la double transition digitale et écologique.
Que sait‐on du travail ?
Authors: Askenazy Philippe , Cartron Damien
Published: February 2024

Depuis la rentrée 2022, le manque de chauffeurs de bus est devenu l’illustration médiatique et politique des difficultés de recrutement d’un secteur qui, pourtant, offre souvent une stabilité de l’emploi et des salaires, certes limitée, mais bien plus attractive que dans l’hôtellerie-restauration par exemple. Dans la dernière édition de l’Observatoire de la mobilité, l’Union des transports publics et ferroviaires (UTP) – la principale organisation professionnelle –, mettait en avant les deux causes suivantes : les départs à la retraite massifs et l’absentéisme post-pandémie. Des explications qui écartent la prise en compte des conditions réelles d’exercice du travail.
Que sait‐on du travail ?
Authors: Demazière Didier
Published: February 2024

Lors des dernières décennies, les services publics ont connu de multiples réformes visant à améliorer leur efficacité et à réduire leurs coûts (Brodkin et Marston, 2013). Le travail des professionnels du guichet, ceux qui sont au contact des usagers, est placé au cœur de cette difficile conciliation : subissent-ils – ou non – une dégradation de leur travail, une perte d’autonomie, un recul de l’expertise, une disparition de leur identité de métier (Bezes et Demazière, 2011) ? Quelles sont, en particulier, les conséquences de la numérisation des services publics sur le travail de ces professionnels ?
Que sait‐on du travail ?
Authors: Lemière Séverine , Silvera Rachel
Published: February 2024

Le paradoxe entre l’utilité sociale et vitale des professions du soin et du lien aux autres, occupées majoritairement par des femmes, et leurs niveaux particulièrement faibles de reconnaissance professionnelle et salariale a été mis en évidence par la crise sanitaire. D’une part, les professions relevant du soin aux autres sont sous-valorisées, alors même que le contenu du travail est à la fois complexe, difficile et soumis à de nombreuses contraintes et responsabilités. D’autre part, à fonctions, complexité et responsabilité comparables, les métiers ne font pas l’objet de la même reconnaissance ni surtout de la même rémunération, selon qu’ils sont occupés majoritairement par des hommes ou par des femmes.
Que sait‐on du travail ?
Authors: Molinier Pascale
Published: February 2024

Certains spécialistes de l’art pariétal font précéder d’un point d’exclamation les catégories d’images incertaines ou soumises à controverses (exemple : « ! vulve ») (Le Quellec, 2022). Le titre de cet article s’en inspire ironiquement pour questionner les rapports entre care et travail. La perspective du care – en tant que manière de regarder le monde à partir des besoins générés par la vulnérabilité du vivant – se déploie dans les registres de l’éthique, du travail et de la politique. Quelles sont les incidences d’une théorisation du care comme travail ? Autrement dit, que signifie investir un cadre conceptuel qui fut initialement pensé au masculin-neutre pour rassembler sous un terme générique des activités masculines et leur donner une valeur ?
Que sait‐on du travail ?
Authors: Devetter François-Xavier , Valentin Julie
Published: February 2024

Nettoyer (ou plus largement entretenir un espace de vie) est une activité à la fois commune et très spécifique. Commune car elle occupe une partie du temps de tout individu ou presque (en moyenne 5 % du temps éveillé quotidien, avec toujours d’énormes inégalités entre femmes et hommes). Commune également sur le plan professionnel car ce sont près de 8 % des salariés dont l’une des fonctions importantes consiste à nettoyer des espaces privés ou publics. Mais cette activité apparaît également très spécifique en raison du sens qu’elle revêt fréquemment (« corvée domestique », métier ingrat ou invisible) et du fait des conditions dans lesquelles elle s’exerce.
An Integrated Multimodal Deep Learning Framework for Accurate Skin Disease Classification
Authors: Hamida Soufiane , Lamrani Driss , Bouqentar Mohammed Amine , El Gannour Oussama , Cherradi Bouchaib
Published: February 2024

In order to effectively treat skin diseases, an accurate and prompt diagnosis is required. In this article, a novel method for classifying skin disorders using a multimodal classifier is presented. The proposed classifier utilizes multiple information sources to enhance the accuracy of disease classification. It incorporates images of skin lesions and patient-specific data. The multimodal classifier simultaneously classifies diseases by combining image and structured data inputs. The effectiveness of the proposed classifier was evaluated using the ISIC 2018 dataset, which includes images and clinical data for seven categories of skin diseases. The results indicate that the proposed model outperforms conventional single-modal and single-task classifiers, achieving an accuracy of 98.66% for image classification and 94.40% for clinical data classification. In addition, we compare the performance of the proposed model with that of other methodologies, demonstrating its superiority. Despite yielding promising results, the proposed method has limitations in terms of data requirements and generalizability. Future research directions include incorporating additional information sources, investigating genetic data integration, and applying the method to various medical conditions. This study illustrates the potential of integrating multimodal techniques with transfer learning in deep neural networks to enhance the classification accuracy of cutaneous diseases.
Ischemic Stroke Classification Using VGG-16 Convolutional Neural Networks: A Study on Moroccan MRI Scans
Authors: Abbaoui Wafae , Retal Sara , Ziti Soumia , El Bhiri Brahim , Moussif Hassan
Published: February 2024

This study presents a comprehensive exploration of deep learning models for precise brain ischemic stroke classification using medical data from Morocco. Following the OSEMN approach, our methodology leverages transfer learning with the VGG-16 architecture and employs data augmentation techniques to enhance model performance. Our developed model achieved a remarkable validation accuracy of 90%, surpassing alternative state-of-theart models (ResNet50: 87.0%, InceptionV3: 82.0%, VGG-19: 81.0%). Notably, all models were rigorously evaluated on the same meticulously curated dataset, ensuring fair and consistent comparisons. The investigation underscores VGG-16’s superior performance in distinguishing stroke cases, highlighting its potential as a robust tool for accurate diagnosis. Comparative analyses among popular deep learning architectures not only demonstrate our model’s efficacy but also emphasize the importance of selecting the right architecture for medical image classification tasks. These findings contribute to the growing evidence supporting advanced deep learning techniques in medical imaging. Achieving a validation accuracy of 90%, our model holds significant promise for real-world healthcare applications, showcasing the critical role of cutting-edge technologies in advancing diagnostic accuracy and the transformative potential of deep learning in the medical field.
Network Intrusion Detection to Mitigate Jamming and Spoofing Attacks Using Federated Leading
Authors: Rehman Tayyab , Tariq Noshina , Ashraf Muhammad , Humayun Mamoona
Published: February 2024

Network intrusions through jamming and spoofing attacks have become increasingly prevalent. The ability to detect such threats at early stages is necessary for preventing a successful attack from occurring. This survey chapter thoroughly overviews the demand for sophisticated intrusion detection systems (IDS) and how cutting-edge techniques, like federated learning-enabled IDS, can reduce privacy risks and protect confidential data during intrusion detection. It explores numerous mitigation strategies used to defend against these assaults, highlighting the significance of early detection and avoidance. The chapter comprehensively analyzes spoofing and jamming attacks, explores mitigation techniques, highlights challenges in implementing federated learning-based IDS, and compares diverse strategies for their real-world effects on network security. Lastly, it presents an unbiased evaluation of contemporary IDS techniques, assessing their advantages, disadvantages, and overall effect on network security while also discussing future challenges and prospects for academia and industry.
Enhancing Identification of IoT Anomalies in Smart Homes Using Secure Blockchain Technology
Authors: Tahir Sidra
Published: February 2024

Numerous technologies that automate processes and simplify our lives are included in smart homes. These gadgets may be helpful for various things, including temperature, lighting, and security access. Smart homes fundamentally enable remote control of equipment and appliances for homeowners via the internet of things (IoT) platform. Smart houses are able to understand their owners' routines and modify in accordance with their capacity for self-learning. The requirement to identify abnormalities in data created by smart homes arises from the necessity of convenience and cost savings in such a setting, as well as from the involvement of numerous devices. The topic of anomaly detection using deep learning is covered in this chapter. Additionally, the suggested solution is more secure because to the usage of block chain technology. Results show that the suggested strategy has exceptional accuracy and recall.
Securing the Digital Supply Chain Cyber Threats and Vulnerabilities
Authors: Sindiramutty Siva Raja , Jhanjhi Noor Zaman , Tan Chong Eng , Khan Navid Ali , Shah Bhavin , Gaur Loveleen
Published: February 2024

The digital supply chain has become an integral part of modern business operations, enabling efficient and streamlined processes. However, with the rapid advancement of technology, the supply chain landscape has become increasingly vulnerable to cyber threats and attacks. This chapter explores the critical issue of cybersecurity within the context of the digital supply chain, aiming to equip professionals and practitioners with the knowledge and strategies to safeguard their operations. Lastly, the chapter sheds light on emerging technologies and future trends and concludes with a call to action for securing the digital supply chain. It also highlights the future challenges and directions in cybersecurity for the supply chain, urging professionals to stay vigilant and adapt to evolving strategies and technologies. Overall, this chapter serves as a comprehensive guide for securing the digital supply chain, empowering readers to fortify their operations against cyber threats and ensure the resilience of their supply chain networks.
QR Multilevel Codes to Reduce Cybersecurity Risks in the Logistics of Freight Transport in Ports
Authors: Ruiz Gerardo Reyes
Published: February 2024

A country's national security depends on many combined and constantly changing factors. However, one of the most preponderant aspects is the access control of goods and people entering and leaving the country through its customs, as a result of mobility and international trade currently taking place. Throughout the territory of a country, the entry and exit of both merchandise and people of different natures or nationalities, respectively, are carried out by different means of transport. Therefore, it is necessary to establish more efficient control points that manage, supervise, and, where appropriate, tax this activity, because otherwise products, materials, or people that pose a risk to human health may enter the country. In this context, this chapter shows a practical tool, based on multilevel QR codes, to improve the identification and supervision of goods entering a country through its port customs to show a technology that reduces cybersecurity risks in freight transport logistics.
Creating a Data and Technology-Enhanced Approach to Police Social Service Issues
Authors: Ban Caroline Conrad , McNutt John G.
Published: February 2024

The landscape of law enforcement is changing. Mental health needs are on the rise, and the vast majority of law enforcement calls for service are already related to social issues. Public safety today requires greater attention to justice, innovation, and new technology. It also requires additional professionals, like social workers, for social service delivery. The future of public safety is clearly a serious situation for police and emergency services organizations and their professional employees. This chapter will (1) discuss the situation that communities and organizations face, (2) identify some of the alternative strategies that can be employed, and (3) provide a process planning model for creating new approaches on the ground in communities. This model emphasizes a data-informed and collaborative approach to the issue.
Intelligent Systems in Diverse Domains
Authors: Alabido Zeina Moammer
Published: February 2024

Digital transformation becomes a significant requirement to be a part of companies' strategic objectives. Revolutionary change and the adoption of technologies, which companies have no idea about the correct way of applying might lead to dramatic situations lead to other obstacles organizations face them. This chapter will talk about applying business intelligence and taking a step forward to produce effectively and efficiently. Also, the chapter will explain how to apply intelligent systems in various domains such as education, health care, etc. Despite these intelligent systems, applying these intelligent systems and automation is not enough without strong and powerful security countermeasures to assist in maintaining these systems from threatening attacks and security violations. Consequently, security is a significant matter that companies must prioritize above every other matter.
Evolution of Business Intelligence
Authors: Tomas Cynthia Maria Montaudon , Amsler Anna , Pinto-López Ingrid N. , Montaudon-Tomás Ivonne M.
Published: February 2024

This chapter presents a general overview of the evolution of Business intelligence. The different types of intelligence used in organizations are described along with their most important characteristics. Cybersecurity and its relevance are also included. The method used is the literature review. The history id business intelligence has been woven using information from varied sources since a comprehensive history has not been developed before. Timelines are incorporated to show changes in the field through history and to pinpoint important events that led to what we know now as Business Intelligence.
Unlocking the Power of AI
Authors: Kumar Sunita , Priya  , Rai Rashmi
Published: February 2024

Nowadays, the corporate annual report is dynamic and forward-looking. The corporate annual report (CAR) is available publicly, although mainly consumed by investors and shareholders. It is certified by a competent auditor and hence, reliable. The AI mainly segregates these into entities, extract value, derived and inferred, from which AI extracts custom data (entities) and insights. The AI provides the analysis (sentiment, trends of actual and forecast from data of last 3-5 years) of sections ‘Management Statement' and ‘Management Discussion' to the analyst. The AI helps in section 'corporate governance' by providing insights related to attendance in board meetings, compensation of directors, and suitability of independent directors' business profiles. The AI provides a network graph of directors and their appointments with various companies. In the past, the research used to happen manually and may take around 7-90 days, and the AI provides this information within one hour.
Breakthroughs of AI for Early Detection and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Kaur Sapanpreet , Bali Alka , Chauhan Pratibha
Published: February 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting people of more than 65 years of age, though current health trends show these conditions appearing at earlier stages also. This may be attributed to lifestyle changes and increased exposure to harmful chemicals. Once progressed to later stages, these brain-related disorders are very difficult to treat. But, if detected earlier, they can be managed better, prolonging the life of the patient. Today, AI is bringing revolutionary changes in the realm of healthcare and health services. Now there are tools that can help in the early detection of these brain conditions, thus saving time of patients and doctors with increasing confidence in test reports. These tools can change the way we perceive these brain conditions, and they could change the scenario of diagnosis of AD from being very difficult with a high chance of error to early detection and prediction of the same with a high degree of precision.
3D Printing in Modern Healthcare
Authors: Datta Sudipto , Barua Ranjit
Published: February 2024

Among the various manufacturing processes currently in use by the industry, 3D printing stands out as a unique additive technique. It enables the creation of three-dimensional solid objects of virtually any shape from a digital model. Initially considered an ambitious concept, medical 3D printing has become a reality thanks to substantial time and investment. This chapter delves into the recent advancements in 3D printing within the modern medical field, offering a concise overview of how and why 3D printing is transforming medical practices, education, and research. It serves as an introduction to the subject, followed by a demonstration of the state-of-the-art through recent industry developments. The significance of this chapter lies in its comprehensive coverage of the evolving role of 3D printing in healthcare, highlighting not only the current applications and challenges but also underscoring its potential to revolutionize various aspects of medical science and patient care.
Deep Neural Networks for Early Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Suneetha K. , Kovuri Karthik , Chitteti Chengamma , Avanija J. , Reddy Madhavi K. , Tangadu Naresh
Published: February 2024

Early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases plays a remarkable role in providing timely treatment for the affected person and reduces the mortality rate. Neurodegenerative diseases can affect the mental and physical health of a person and can impact decision-making. Deep neural networks help in automating disease diagnosis by identifying biomarkers from complex patterns of a large dataset. This chapter discusses the impact of using deep neural networks in neurodegenerative disease diagnosis. The initial section of the chapter focuses on the basics of neurodegenerative diseases and their impact on the well-being of the individual. The chapter also outlines the importance of transfer learning and multimodal fusion in early disease diagnosis. Finally, the chapter explores ethical considerations to be followed during the deployment of a deep learning model used in prediction of neurodegenerative disease. Thus, this chapter provides a remarkable role of deep learning architectures in neurodegenerative disease diagnosis.
Ethical Considerations and Challenges in Neurodegenerative Diseases Using Machine Learning
Authors: Das Moushumi , Hitakshi Hitakshi , Sood Vandana Mohindru , Garg Kamal Deep , Narang Sushil Kumar
Published: February 2024

Neurodegenerative illnesses, some of the most common diseases affecting public health, are affecting an increasing number of nations on a daily basis. Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Huntington's disease (HD), cause gradual declines in cognitive, motor, emotional, and functional abilities and have a significant impact on activities of daily life (ADL) and quality of life. Because of major improvements in digital technology over the last 10 years, digital endpoints may now be integrated into clinical trials to change how neurodegenerative symptoms are diagnosed and tracked. A few additional challenges must be considered to protect those interests. In this chapter, the moral and legal difficulties surrounding the use of technology-assisted treatment for neurodegenerative disorders will be discussed along with a new technique using machine learning algorithms that would work upon the prevailing challenges and come out with better results.
Introduction to Cloud Computing and Cloud Services
Authors: Choudhry Mani Deepak , Sundarrajan M. , Devi M. Parimala , Jeevanandham S. , Jothi Akshya
Published: February 2024

Cloud computing and cloud services have revolutionized the way organizations access and utilize computing resources. This chapter provides an overview of cloud computing, its evolution, and the advantages it offers. It discusses the different types of cloud services and the importance of service-level agreements. The chapter also explores cloud deployment models and their considerations. It highlights the impact of cloud computing on various industries and the challenges of migration. Cloud computing and cloud services have revolutionized the IT landscape. They provide organizations with scalable, flexible, and cost-effective solutions that drive innovation and enable businesses to focus on their core competencies. By carefully evaluating their needs and requirements, considering factors such as security, compliance, and customization, organizations can select the most suitable cloud service type and deployment model. Embracing cloud technologies empowers businesses to unlock new opportunities, increase efficiency, and stay competitive in the rapidly evolving digital world.
Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Kumari Shabnam , Arowolo Micheal Olaolu
Published: February 2024

Today the internet of things (IoT) has witnessed significant advancements in recent years, revolutionizing the way we interact with technology and our surroundings. This work provides a summary of the recent advances in IoT, including concepts, protocols, and applications. The concept of IoT revolves around connecting various physical devices and objects to the internet, enabling them to communicate, share data, and perform intelligent actions. In terms of concepts, recent advances have emphasized the integration of IoT with other emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and edge computing. In terms of concepts, recent advances have emphasized the integration of IoT with other emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and edge computing. Further few important IoT protocols are discussed in this work. Note that these protocols enable seamless communication between IoT devices, gateways, and cloud platforms, facilitating the exchange of data and commands.
Blockchain Security in Edge Computing
Authors: Tyagi Amit Kumar , Simhan VLN , Tiwari Shrikant
Published: February 2024

In the past decade, edge computing and blockchain technology have been used in many applications with rapid growth. The chapter explores the intersection of blockchain technology and edge computing and investigates the security issues and solutions in this emerging domain. Edge computing refers to “the decentralized processing and storage of data at the network edge, closer to the data sources and end-users. It offers reduced latency, improved data privacy, and enhanced real-time decision-making capabilities.” However, it also introduces new security challenges due to the distributed and resource-constrained nature of edge devices. The integration of blockchain technology with edge computing holds promise in addressing these security issues. Blockchain can provide a decentralized and tamper-resistant ledger for recording and verifying transactions, ensuring data integrity, and establishing trust among edge devices and stakeholders. This chapter explores several use cases where blockchain and edge computing can synergistically enhance security.
Cyber Security in Internet of Things-Based Edge Computing
Authors: Kumari Shabnam , Thompson Aderonke , Tiwari Shrikant
Published: February 2024

With the rapid growth of the internet of things (IoT) and the emergence of edge computing, new opportunities and challenges have arisen in the realm of cyber security. This work presents a comprehensive review of cyber security in IoT-based edge computing, aiming to shed light on the potential risks and vulnerabilities associated with this evolving paradigm. This work begins by highlighting the increasing integration of IoT devices and edge computing, emphasizing their combined potential to revolutionize various industries. However, this integration also introduces new attack surfaces and vulnerabilities, making robust cyber security measures imperative to safeguard critical systems and sensitive data. The work discusses an in-depth analysis of the unique security challenges that arise at the intersection of IoT and edge computing. It explores the vulnerabilities introduced by the distributed nature of edge computing, the resource-constrained nature of IoT devices, and the heterogeneity of the IoT ecosystem.
Enhanced Security in Blockchain-Based Cyber Physical Systems
Authors: Ambika N.
Published: February 2024

Consortium blockchain provides pooled trust for the proposed method. It uses a unique certificateless authentication method based on the multi-signature scheme to guarantee safety. Software, and physical components comprise the cyber-physical system. Each piece functions on various time-based and three-dimensional stages and constantly interacts with other members. The framework eliminates the centralized trust model, i.e., the dependence on a single PKI certificate authority (CA) for public keys, works over an associate consortium, and uses smart-edge computation. Different industry partners cooperatively confirm both the gadget's character and information. It prevents disasters by reducing the impact of potentially malevolent associates. It agrees to a novel contract without requiring manifold authorisations, eliminating the need for a waiting period after each block addition. It adjusts, putting away information at the conveyed hash table. The suggestion adds more reliability to the transaction by 4.17%. The suggestion conserves energy by 12.5%.
Navigating Cloud Security Risks, Threats, and Solutions for Seamless Business Logistics
Authors: Das Shalbani , Mukherjee Shreyashi
Published: February 2024

This chapter explores cloud security challenges faced by businesses adopting cloud technologies for logistics operations. It provides a roadmap to strengthen cloud security, safeguard digital assets, and foster solid business-CSP relationships. The chapter covers hazards, solutions (e.g., threat intelligence platforms, MFA, intrusion detection, encryption), shared responsibility with CSPs, and selecting reliable providers. Practical guidelines for a comprehensive cloud security strategy are offered, including risk assessments, access controls, incident response, and employee training. Understanding these aspects helps companies proactively secure their data and ensure seamless logistics in the cloud. By gaining a deep understanding of the risks, threats, and solutions associated with cloud security in business logistics, companies can proactively safeguard their critical data and ensure the seamless and secure operation of their logistical processes in the cloud.
Revisiting Fully Homomorphic Encryption Schemes for Privacy-Preserving Computing
Authors: Jain Nimish , Cherukuri Aswani Kumar Aswani , Kamalov Firuz
Published: February 2024

Homomorphic encryption (HME) is a sophisticated encryption technique that allows computations on encrypted data to be done without the requirement for decryption. This trait makes HME, appropriate for safe computation in scenarios involving sensitive data and also in cloud computing. The data is encrypted using a public key and the calculation is conducted on the encrypted data. The computed result is then decrypted with a private key to acquire the final output. It protects data while allowing complicated computations to be done on the encrypted data, resulting in a secure and efficient approach to analyse sensitive information. The ability of HME to do computations on encrypted data without decryption makes it a valuable tool for achieving privacy. This chapter is intended to give a clear idea about the various fully HME schemes present in the literature, as well as analysing and comparing the results of each of these schemes. The authors also provide applications and open-source tools of HME schemes, along with how HME can be used to establish and preserve privacy in various forms.
Security, Privacy, and Technical Challenges in a Blockchain-Internet of Things-Based Environment
Authors: Tyagi Amit Kumar , Nair Meghna Manoj , Tripathi Khushboo
Published: February 2024

Blockchain and internet of things (IoT) is a combination that has massive potential to bring about revolutionary changes in various useful applications/ industries by enabling secure and transparent data exchange, decentralized control, and improved efficiency. However, this convergence also requires significant security, privacy, and technical challenges that must be addressed for successful implementation and widespread adoption. This chapter explains the security, privacy, and technical challenges that arise in a blockchain-IoT-based environment. Firstly, it examines the security issues related to the distributed nature of blockchain networks and the vulnerabilities that can be exploited in IoT devices and communication channels. Further, the authors discuss the importance of cryptographic techniques, secure key management, and access control mechanisms to protect data integrity and prevent unauthorized access.