bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cataloguing Remains an Important Skill at Public Libraries in the Modern Metadata Landscape of Norway
Authors: Patterson Jordan
Published: September 2020

A Review of:
Preminger, M., Rype, I., Ådland, M.K., Massey, D., & Tallerås, K. (2020). The public library metadata landscape, the case of Norway 2017–2018. Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, 58(2), 127–148. https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2020.1711836
Abstract
Objective – To understand cataloguing practices in Norwegian public libraries through the analysis of a set of MARC records.
Design – Quantitative content analysis.
Setting – 2 central cataloguing agencies and 49 public libraries in Norway.
Subjects – 21,275 cataloguing agency records and 116,029 public library catalogue records.
Methods – The researchers derived a sample set of MARC records from the central cataloguing agencies and public libraries. Matching records from each agency (i.e., records for the same manifestation catalogued separately at each agency) were compared. Then, MARC records exported from public libraries were compared to matching records from the central agencies.
Main Results – The two central agencies differed in some cataloguing practices while still adhering to the accepted standards. Public libraries made few changes to records imported from central libraries, and among public libraries, larger libraries were more likely to alter agency-derived MARC records.
Conclusion – Current practices indicate that despite the prevalence and efficiency of centralized cataloguing, training in cataloguing remains important in public libraries, particularly in larger libraries.
PENGGUNAAN BAHASA MANDARIN SEBAGAI MEDIUM DAKWAH DALAM NGO DI MALAYSIA
Authors: Mat Zain Aemy Elyani , Abu Hassan Nur Aisyah , Ismail Safinah , Mu’al Siti Zahidah
Published: September 2020

The use of Mandarin language in Dakwah is remotely practiced by Malaysians. This is because majority of Malaysians especially Muslims are more comfortable using their native language which is Malay language and English as communication language used with mad’u from various backgrounds of religion and language. In fact, there are some more likey to practice dakwah and islah amongs only Muslims. Thus, this study is about a few dakwah movements in Malaysia that using Mandarin as communication language in dakwah movements. The research methodology used is qualitative from documented or written sourceS. The findings show that Mandarin language is an appropriate and relevant medium in dakwah communication because the number of Chinese people in Malaysia is also more than the Indians. The implication of the study found that there are two aspects the using of Mandarin language in Dakwah which are as  preparation to preacher or daie to  deal with Chinese mad’u; Mandarin as a dakwah communication language in facing Chinese mad’u through their organized activities and programs.
Macierzyństwo i ojcostwo w perspektywie podejmowania roli rodzica dziecka z niepełnosprawnością
Authors: Niedbalski Jakub
Published: September 2020

Podstawową, a zarazem naturalną przestrzenią życiową człowieka jest rodzina, w której jednostka może realizować najważniejsze potrzeby życiowe dla jej prawidłowego funkcjonowania i rozwoju. Naturalny rytm rodziny zostaje zaburzony, gdy na świat przychodzi dziecko niepełnosprawne. Poziom życiowych trudności, stresów i rozczarowań ojca oraz matki rośnie, gdy córka bądź syn posiadają taką dysfunkcję, która sprawia, że do końca życia pozostaną zależnymi od innych. Z taką sytuacją mamy do czynienia w przypadku dzieci z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną. Z tego względu przedmiotem moich zainteresowań uczyniłem próbę uchwycenia sposobu redefiniowania i rekonstrukcji roli rodzica dziecka niepełnosprawnego intelektualnie. Celem badań jest odtworzenie specyfiki podejmowania roli rodzica z uwzględnieniem jego płci. W związku z tym wspomniane kwestie analizuję w podziale na rolę matki i ojca dziecka z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną.
Modele komunikacji naukowej. W stronę demokratyzacji nauki?
Authors: Jedlikowska Dorota
Published: September 2020

Modele komunikacji naukowej to modele komunikacji uczonych w środowisku naukowym oraz komunikacji uczonych z szerszym społeczeństwem. Artykuł ten poświęcony jest wyzwaniom komunikacyjnym w środowisku naukowym, jak i poza nim w świetle wypowiedzi ekspertów, z którymi przeprowadzono wywiady. Jeden z najważniejszych wniosków dotyczy kategoryzacji pojęcia demokratyzacji nauki w Polsce w kontekście możliwości podejmowania różnych form potencjalnej komunikacji i współpracy naukowców z szerszym społeczeństwem w Polsce. Artykuł kończy rozróżnienie na modele „dialogu” i „deficytu” w komunikowaniu wiedzy naukowej.
Habilidades sociales: psicoterapia grupal con pacientes esquizofrénicos crónicos
Authors: Rojas Roberto
Published: September 2020

El presente programa corrobora la importancia del entrenamiento grupal en habilidades sociales con pacientes esquizofrénicos crónicos, desarrollado por Liberman, y aplicado en el Perú por Sotillo et al. (1991) en un instituto nacional de salud mental. Conocedores que el manejo de los pacientes psiquiátricos en una clínica privada es diferente al utilizado en los institutos del Estado, consideramos relevante aplicar este programa, que sirvió tanto para capacitar al personal de la clínica, como para adaptar este programa a una infraestructura y dinámica de atención distintas. Se seleccionó una muestra de 9 pacientes esquizofrénicos crónicos, según diagnóstico del DSM III-R, evaluados bajo criterios como: repertorio de conductas básicas, repertorio verbal mínimo y con ausencia de síntomas positivos prominentes de la enfermedad. Los resultados son presentados en base a la evaluación de 27 conductas, agrupadas en 4 áreas, que se evaluaron antes y después del entrenamiento, lo que nos permitió observar el incremento de habilidades sociales en 8 de los 9 pacientes.
Potential Infiltration Determination in Areas of Influence of the Zona Bananera Aquifer in Northern Colombia
Authors: Revueltas-Martínez José Eduardo , Mercado-Fernandez Teobaldis , Aguirre-Forero Sonia
Published: September 2020

Through the implementation of geographic information systems (GIS) and images of the study area obtained by remote sensors, the curve number method (NC) was implemented in this research, in order to determine potential recharge zones in two micro-basins in the aquifer region called Zona Bananera, located in the department of Magdalena in Northern Colombia. Potential infiltration of the area was estimated and the hydrological response for precipitation events with different return periods was evaluated. The predominant hydrological soil groups were found to be A and B, with 77.4% (84115.2 ha) in the Sevilla River micro-basin and 81.6% (7466.1 ha) in La Aguja micro-basin. The Sevilla River micro-basin showed both the best water regulation and enhancement of the infiltration process, evidenced by the existence of low as well as medium values ​​of curve number and potential surface runoff. The highest values ​​of potential runoff were in the middle and lower part of the micro-basins, where there are extensive areas covered with banana crops; indicating that anthropic intervention is a determining factor in the area’s hydrological response. Under current conditions, the micro-basins show a minimal risk of erosive processes for rainfall with return periods of less than 5 years, due to runoff occurrence of less than 100 mm. Within the study area, it was found that approximately 3380 hectares show favorable conditions to contribute to the recharge of the Zona Bananera aquifer, making it a strategic conservation area.
Detección de tendencias de homicidios en Colombia usando Machine Learning
Authors: Ordoñez-Eraso Hugo Armando , Pardo-Calvache César Jesús , Cobos-Lozada Carlos Alberto
Published: September 2020

En las últimas décadas, el número de homicidios violentos en América Latina ha crecido considerablemente debido a la ampliación y auge de grupos criminales organizados en zonas rurales y urbanas de las principales ciudades de países como México, Colombia y Venezuela. Con base en el alto índice de homicidio de estos países, consecuencia de la alta criminalidad, éstos han sido clasificados dentro de los más violentos a nivel mundial. Según datos reportados por el Observatorio del Delito de la Policía Nacional y la Fiscalía General de la Nación de Colombia, en 2019 se presentaron 1.032 asesinatos en Bogotá. Estos datos arrojan una tasa de 14,3 homicidios por cada 100.000 habitantes. A partir de esto, se estima que entre 1960 y 2019 se han generado alrededor de 226.215 homicidios, unas 3,834 muertes por año, en promedio. En este trabajo se presenta un modelo de machine learning basado en random forest, el cual permite predecir las tendencias de homicidio violento (HV) en Colombia para los próximos 5 años. El proyecto tiene como objetivo servir de instrumento para facilitar la toma de decisiones en organismos como la Fiscalía General de la Nación y la Policía Nacional. El modelo fue evaluado con un conjunto de datos generado a partir del Sistema de Información Estadístico Delincuencial, Contravencional y Operativo (SIEDCO) de la Fiscalía, el cual cuenta con 2.662.402 registros de delitos realizados en Colombia desde el año 1960 hasta 2019.
His and her working hours and well-Being in Germany: A longitudinal crossover-spillover analysis
Authors: Florean Daniele , Engelhardt Henriette
Published: September 2020

This paper investigates the relationship between work time arrangements and personal well-being in married and cohabiting couples. Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel Survey (SOEP), we study how the number of hours worked by the survey respondents and their partners influenced their own well-being. We also investigate possible transmission mechanisms between the two variables, namely income, hours spent in homemaking and care activities, and possible mismatch between desired and actual hours. Using Hybrid panel models we find evidence of different relations according to the respondent’s gender: Women report higher satisfaction with the increase of their partner’s working hours, while the opposite is true for men. At the same time, own hours have a positive effect on men’s life satisfaction, while they have the opposite effect for women. The presence of young children in the household further amplifies these results. Our conclusion is that respondents are happier when their and their partner’s behavior conforms to the roles of female homemaker and male breadwinner. Considering the absence of a strong mechanism related to time needs and time desires, we suggest those results are related to strong traditional attitudes towards gender roles and female labor force participation in the country considered.
L’épizootie de Peste Porcine Africaine : virologie, épidémiologie et perspectives de contrôle
Authors: ROSE Nicolas , LE POTIER Marie-Frédérique
Published: September 2020

La Peste Porcine Africaine (PPA) est une maladie infectieuse émergente des suidés domestiques et sauvages. Cette maladie contagieuse entre suidés, non transmissible à l’Homme, est à l’origine d’un syndrome hémorragique souvent fatal chez les porcs domestiques et les sangliers. L'épizootie qui sévit actuellement en Europe et en Asie a débuté en Géorgie en 2007. La souche virale impliquée, très virulente, appartenant au génotype II, est très résistante dans les viandes et l’environnement. Toutes les souches isolées en Europe comme en Asie dérivent d’une même introduction, même si le virus a évolué vers des formes moins virulentes dans certaines populations de sangliers très localisées. Depuis la Géorgie, le virus s'est propagé dans tout le Caucase et la Fédération de Russie, puis en Ukraine et en Biélorussie en 2013. En janvier 2014, la PPA a atteint les frontières orientales de l'Union européenne et s’est propagée dans les trois États baltes et en Pologne très largement dans les populations de sangliers sauvages, alors que les foyers sporadiques chez les porcs domestiques ont été efficacement contrôlés. Les derniers pays touchés en Europe sont la République Tchèque, la Hongrie, la Moldavie, la Roumanie, la Bulgarie et dernièrement la Belgique (13/09/2018), la Serbie, la Slovaquie et la Grèce en 2020. En Chine, suite au premier cas déclaré le 3/08/18, le virus introduit vraisemblablement à partir de la Russie, donne lieu à une épizootie majeure principalement dans le réservoir domestique, totalement hors de contrôle, et qui s’est propagée aujourd’hui en Mongolie, et plusieurs pays d’Asie du Sud-Est, ainsi que récemment en Inde. L’Homme joue un rôle central en tant que facteur de propagation de par ses activités favorisant ainsi une progression par sauts, parfois sur de très longues distances. Aucun vaccin ou traitement n’est actuellement disponible, la seule méthode de lutte restant la prophylaxie sanitaire et la prévention de l’introduction dans des territoires indemnes comme la France.
Adipose Tissue Remodeling during Cancer-Associated Cachexia: Translational Features from Adipose Tissue Dysfunction
Authors: Henriques Felipe , Batista Júnior Miguel Luiz
Published: September 2020

Cancer-associated cachexia is defined by systemic inflammation, bodyweight loss, adipose tissue remodeling, and muscle wasting. Interestingly, until nowadays, the etiology for this syndrome still unclear. It is well known that multiple factors can contribute to adipose tissue remodeling, and longitudinal studies show that adipose tissue is affected early in the course of this syndrome. During cancer cachexia, adipose tissue remodeling is associated with adipocyte atrophy, impairment of fatty acid turnover, inflammation, reorganization of the extracellular matrix, and increased thermogenic gene programming of adipose tissue. Another attractive pathway is the adipose tissue lipolysis, which is the catabolic process that is leading to the breakdown of triglycerides stored in adipocytes and the release of fatty acids and glycerol. This pathway is highly involved in the adipose tissue wasting during cancer cachexia. Whole-body deletion of the genes that encode the lipolytic enzymes attenuates the effects of the syndrome on the reduction of body fat and muscle mass. These sets of changes, in addition to metabolites derived from this process, may be the initial trigger of the sequence of events that result in the remodeling and consequent dysfunction of adipose tissue during cancer cachexia. Therefore, this review aimed to investigate the main morpho-functional events that are resulting in adipose tissue remodeling in the context of cancer-associated cachexia.
LOBBY EM AUDIÊNCIA PÚBLICA NO SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL: INSTRUMENTOS DEMOCRÁTICOS PARA EFETIVAÇÃO DOS DIREITOS DA PERSONALIDADE FEMININA
Authors: Siqueira Dirceu Pereira , Ramiro Marcus Geandré Nakano , Castro Lorenna Roberta Barbosa
Published: September 2020

O presente estudo objetiva identificar principais problemas das audiências públicas realizadas no Supremo Tribunal Federal, a fim de observar se grupos de interesses são mais eficaz que indivíduos que participam diretamente. Especificamente, busca analisar a necessidade dessa tutela aos direitos da personalidade feminina. A partir do cenário político brasileiro, a democracia e necessidade de uma cultura jurídica para conhecimento sobre direitos, garantias e formas de participação, o que contribui para a justificativa do estudo, questiona-se em que medida o lobby, em audiência pública no STF, auxiliaria os direitos da personalidade feminina. O que se faz a partir do método dedutivo, com amparo na revisão bibliográfica, para levantamento dos principais estudos na área de direitos da personalidade, personalidade feminina, audiência pública no STF e lobby no judiciário. Os resultados mostram uma contribuição do lobby aos direitos das mulheres, que esbarram na dignidade humana, pois observou-se uma considerável influência na decisão final.
LIBERDADE DE CRENÇA
Authors: De Almeida Montingelli Zanferdin Flávia , Simão Filho Adalberto , Montes Netto Carlos Eduardo
Published: September 2020

A transfusão de sangue é rechaçada pelos membros da religião Testemunhas de Jeová por aspectos bíblicos, sendo esse eventual direito de recusa terapêutica objeto de grandes controvérsias na doutrina e na jurisprudência no Brasil, o que pode ser observado em decisões recentes. Nessa perspectiva, utilizando-se do método indutivo, o presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar os aspectos jurídicos da recusa terapêutica das Testemunhas de Jeová em se submeter ao procedimento médico de transfusão de sangue, diante da recente e inédita decisão proferida pelo Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ) no Recurso Especial (REsp) n. 1.540.580-DF, que cuidou do direito de escolha de tratamento médico pelo paciente com base em informações adequadas. Conclui-se que é legítima a recusa à transfusão de sangue e que qualquer intervenção médica de carácter preventivo, diagnóstico ou terapêutico em pacientes maiores e capazes somente deve ser realizada com o seu consentimento prévio, livre e esclarecido, respeitando-se sempre o direito ao consentimento informado.
OS EFEITOS DA QUARTA REVOLUÇÃO INDUSTRIAL NA DINÂMICA DO TRABALHO JURÍDICO
Authors: Del Masso Fabiano , Godoy Eduardo do Prado
Published: September 2020

O artigo analisa a questão da influência das recentes tecnologias aplicadas ao exercício das profissões jurídicas, o que se justifica para melhor compreender, em primeiro plano, no que consistem as inovações na área jurídica, para depois concluir sobre seus reais avanços, benefícios ou prejuízos. A frequente criação de plataformas eletrônicas está impactando no aperfeiçoamento do exercício das profissões jurídicas, principalmente na otimização do tempo.  A partir do referencial da quarta revolução industrial, o estudo trata da introdução e assimilação de novas tecnologias que podem colocar em risco a demanda direta por advogados. Nessa perspectiva, o artigo examina as empresas que oferecem produtos ou serviços inovadores por meio do uso de recursos tecnológicos para a área jurídica, as chamadas lawtechs ou legaltechs. Como metodologia, após um estudo inicial de caráter descritivo e explicativo, passa-se para um levantamento bibliográfico interdisciplinar com o objetivo de proporcionar fundamentos que induzam a concluir sobre os efeitos da quarta revolução industrial na dinâmica do trabalho jurídico. Uma das questões para reflexão é:  a figura do profissional do direito passa a ser prescindível? Nesse sentido, parece fácil concluir, que o cenário que surge aponta para uma possível redução da demanda de profissionais jurídicos a partir do estabelecimento de tais novidades tecnológicas, que já possibilitaram, inclusive, a prestação de serviços finalísticos relacionados à prática jurídica.
DIREITO DAS CULTURAS E IDENTIDADE: A PRÁTICA DA VAQUEJADA COMO DIREITO CULTURAL SEGUNDO VOTO DO MINISTRO GILMAR MENDES NO JULGAMENTO DA ADI 4.983
Authors: Polis Gustavo , Paffarini Jacopo
Published: September 2020

O presente trabalho possui como temática a formação da identidade cultural e a proteção jurídica aos direitos das culturas. O problema de pesquisa que orienta a produção do trabalho é: A prática da vaquejada foi colocada como objeto de proteção constitucional por ser considerada um direito cultural no voto do Ministro Gilmar Mendes no julgamento da ADI 4.983 pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal? O objetivo do trabalho é demonstrar como a prática da vaquejada foi retratada como um direito de caráter cultural na argumentação utilizada pelo Ministro Gilmar Mendes em seu voto no julgamento da ADI 4.983. Adota-se a hipótese de que a prática da vaquejada foi considerada no voto do Ministro Gilmar Mendes como sendo uma manifestação cultural e desportiva do Estado do Ceará e, portanto, constitucionalmente assegurada como direito cultural. O método de pesquisa é o hipotético dedutivo, baseado em pesquisas, análises bibliográficas e jurisprudenciais.
Reciprocal Personal/Public Protection for COVID-19 with Facepiece Discriminating Mouth and Nose
Authors: Yuan Yijun
Published: September 2020

Reciprocal Personal/Public Protection (RPPP) featured with source control is introduced, Facepiece Discriminating Mouth and Nose (FDMN) is employed to serve the purpose, which includes polymer based mouth cover with optional nose cover. The new knowledge that mouth is a primary, active and dominant source of the virus has been well established, which is the base of FDMN. Source classification and related source control tools are discussed, mouth cover is recommended as the tool prioritized to use. Liquid droplets is identified as a hard issue related to mask, liquid droplets, mask fitting, comfort and facial recognition constitute real challenges of mask in addition to efficiency, All of these have been addressed with FDMN. Comparisons between FDMN and masks/face covering are taken on four aspects: efficiency and efficacy, tolerance and comfort, cost and waste, and civil rights and public interest. Mouth cover is recommended to replace the face covering and act as both a personal tool and a public utensil, mouth cover with nose cover can provide better protection than N95 etc. RPPP with FDMN, could be an alternative for lockdown, a parallel strategy to vaccine, and a collectively living way during the pandemic era. FDMN, featured with high efficiency protection, high degree comfort, easy wearing, tight-fitting, easy facial recognition & communication, reusability, cost-effective, environment friendly and scale manufacturing more readily and widely etc., is a simple and sustainable solution, which is essential for ordinary people to keep wearing it properly for protection.
Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Northern Ghana; Insights from Whole Genome Sequencing
Authors: Sylverken Augustina Angelina , El-Duah Philip , Owusu Michael , Schneider Julia , Yeboah Richmond , Ayisi-Boateng Ayisi-Boateng , Gorman Richmond , Adu Eric , Kwarteng Alexander , Frimpong Michael , Aryeetey Sherihane , Asamoah Jesse Addo , Amoako Yaw Ampem , Amuasi John Humphrey , Beheim-Schwarzbach Jörn , Owusu-Dabo Ellis , Adu-Sarkodie Yaw , Obiri-Danso Kwasi , Corman Victor Max , Drosten Christian , Phillips Richard
Published: September 2020

In regions lacking genomic data, analysis of sequences from the early stages of an outbreak can provide important insights into the diversity of pathogens present. Following the detection of the first imported case of COVID-19 in the Northern sector of Ghana on 13th March 2020, we have now molecularly characterized and phylogenetically analysed sequences including three (3) complete genomes of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) isolated from nine (9) patients observed in Ghana. Eight (8) of these patients reported with a recent history of foreign travel and one (1) with no history of foreign travel. We performed high throughput sequencing for 9 samples following the determination of high concentration of viral RNA. In addition, we estimated the potential impact that long distance transportation of samples to testing centres may have on sequencing outcomes. Here, two samples that were closest in terms of viral RNA concentration but transported from sites which are over 400km apart were assessed. All sequences were compared to previous sequences from Ghana and representative sequences from regions where our patients had previously travelled. Complete genomes were obtained for three (3) sequences and with another near complete genome with a coverage of 95.6%. Sequences with coverage in excess of 80% were found to belong to three lineages namely A, B.1 and B.2. Our sequences clustered in two different clades with the majority falling within a clade composed of sequences from sub-Saharan Africa. Less RNA fragmentation was seen in sample KATH23 which was collected 9km compared with sample TTH6 which was collected and transported over a distance of 400km to the testing site. The clustering of several sequences from sub-Saharan Africa suggests regional circulation of the viruses in the subregion. Importantly, there may be the need to decentralize testing sites and build more capacity across Africa to boost the sequencing output of the subregion.
KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL USAHA AGROINDUSTRI BAWANG GORENG UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN MASYARAKAT KECAMATAN SELAPARANG, KOTA MATARAM
Authors: Widyasari Rucitra , Hidayat Agriananta Fahmi , Baskara Zulhan Widya
Published: September 2020

The financial feasibility analysis in Dutra fried onion microbusiness is carried out in addition to looking at potential for business development in densely populated areas in the city of Mataram as well as to predict the possible obstacles and opportunities that can occur in the future, so this analysis can help increase group income by at least 10 percent. Some things that are reviewed and in the financial feasibility analysis include investment and production costs, cost of goods sold, and business eligibility criteria which include Annual Equivalent (AE), Net Present Value (NPV), Payback Period (PP), and B / C Returns Ratio. The result of the calculation of the financial feasibility of Dutra’s microbusiness is AE IDR 16.153.600, NPV IDR 42.392.660, Payback Perode for 2 years, and B / C Ratio 1.39 in the first year based on financial asset. From these results it can be concluded that a micro business that is feasible to do and if supported by the right marketing process it is not impossible to become a small business icon in this region.
PERTUMBUHAN YUWANA ABALON (Haliotis squamata) YANG DIBERI PAKAN Ulva sp. DENGAN PENGKAYAAN UREA
Authors: Farliani Iin , Diniarti Nanda , Mukhlis Alis
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the effect of different concentrations of urea as a source of nitrogen in Ulva sp. on absolute growth and daily specific growth rate of abalone juvenile (Haliotis squamata) as two main parameters in the experiment. Ulva sp. is one of the feed choices given when abalone enters the juvenile phase. This research was conducted on July 22-September 16 2019 at the Aquaculture Fisheries Center, Sekotong, West Lombok. The method used in this study is an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 3 replications namely A (control), B (20 ppm), C (40 ppm), D (60 ppm). Results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% significance level showed (F hit F tab 5%), which means the difference in the concentration of urea in Ulva sp. provide a real influence on the growth of absolute body weight and the specific growth rate of daily body weight abalone juvenile.Keywords: Ulva sp., Haliotis squamata, growth, nitrogen.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kandungan konsentrasi urea yang berbeda sebagai sumber nitrogen pada Ulva sp.  terhadap pertumbuhan mutlak dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik harian yuwana abalon (Haliotis squamata) sebagai dua parameter utama dalam percobaan. Ulva sp. merupakan salah satu pilihan pakan yang diberikan saat abalon memasuki fase yuwana. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 22 Juli-16 September 2019 bertempat di Balai Perikanan Budidaya Laut, Sekotong, Lombok Barat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan yaitu A (kontrol), B (20 ppm), C (40 ppm), D (60 ppm). Hasil analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA) pada taraf nyata 5% menunjukkan (F hit F tab 5%) yang artinya perbedaan kandungan konsentrasi urea pada Ulva sp. memberikan pengaruh nyata bagi pertumbuhan mutlak bobot tubuh dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik harian bobot tubuh yuwana abalon.Kata Kunci: Ulva sp., Haliotis squamata, pertumbuhan, nitrogen.
The Potential Benefits of Renal Replacement Therapy in Combination with a Hemadsorption Column in Critically Ill Patients with Acute on Chronic Liver Failure
Authors: Dana Tomescu , Popescu Mihai , Liliana Gheorghe , Speranța Iacob , Simona Dima , Irinel Popescu
Published: September 2020

Background. Acute on chronic liver failure (AoCLF) represents a life-threatening complication of liver cirrhosis with high mortality if patients cannot be bridged to emergency liver transplantation. The aim of this study was to assess clinical and paraclinical effects of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in combination with a hemadsorption column in patients with AoCLF. Methods. Patients were included in the study after Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission and RRT in combination with CytoSorb® was started for three consecutive sessions. Clinical and paraclinical data were recorded before the first session and after the end of the third session. 28-days mortality was also noted. Results. Fourteen patients were included in the final data analysis. The use of CytoSorb® was associated with a decrease in bilirubin levels (p = 0.03) and creatinine (p = 0.02) and an increase in urine output (p = 0.02). Although we observed a significant decrease in platelet count (p = 0.05), no haemorrhagic complications were noted. C-Reactive Protein significantly decreased after the therapy (p = 0.05), but we did not observe a similar decrease in leucocyte count (p = 0.87) or procalcitonin levels (p = 0.18). Seven patients underwent emergency liver transplantation and survival was 100% in this group. Conclusion. The use of CytoSorb® was associated with an improvement in liver and renal functions and a decrease in C - Reactive Protein. Thrombocytopenia represents the main adverse effect of the therapy, but no haemorrhagic complications were recorded. In patients that could be bridged to liver transplantation, survival was 100%. Trial registration number: NCT04511507
LncRNA SNHG16 Contributes to Tumor Progression via miR-302b-3p/SLC2A4 in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Xu Hao , Miao Xin , Li Xin , Chen Haofei , Zhang Bo , Zhou Wence
Published: September 2020

Background: It is reported that lncRNA SNHG16 is significantly highly expressed in pancreatic cancer (PC). However, the functions and mechanisms of SNHG16 are not clear. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of SNHG16 in PC.Methods: qRT-PCR analyze was applied to detect the expression levels of SNHG16, miR-302b-3p and SLC2A4 in PC tissues and cells. CCK8 and EdU assays were used to determine the proliferation of PC cells. Transwell assay were used to measure the capacities of PC cells migration and invasion. Apoptosis were evaluated by flow cytometry, and the expression of apoptosis related proteins (including Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9), which were tested by western blot. The interactions between miR-302b-3p and SNHG16 or miR-302b-3p and SLC2A4 mRNA 3’UTR were clarified by Dual luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation.Results: SNHG16 was significantly elevated in PC tissues and cell lines, which was associated with poor prognosis of PC patients. Knockdown of SNHG16 reduced PC cells proliferation, migration and invasion. SNHG16 acted as a sponge to regulate miR-302b-3p expression in PC cells. And miR-302b-3p targeted SLC2A4 directly. Conclusions: SNHG16 promoted the progression of PC via miR-302b-3p/SLC2A4 axis and was expected to be a potential target for early diagnosis and treatment of PC.
Inferences from dysregulated long non-coding RNA-mediated competing endogenous RNAs in various chemotherapy drugs and evaluation of drug response in breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Ziwen , Li Dongbo , Zhang Han , Qin Qi , Zhang Qingyuan
Published: September 2020

Backgroud: Differences in individual drug response, especially drug resistance, present an obstacle to the treatment of breast cancer (BRCA). Thus, the ability to predict drug response would contribute to developing novel treatment strategies. Accumulating evidence have suggested that tumor molecular profiles and drug response data provide opportunities and challenges for the discovery of new molecular characteristics and mechanisms of drug response in BRCA. Methods: In the present study, an integrated pipeline was developed to explore drug response-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-mediated competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) motifs in BRCA. Results: Drug response-specific ceRNAs indicated that lncRNAs play an essential role in various drug treatments for BRCA. Several key drug-resistant and -sensitive dysregulated ceRNAs were identified in Adriamycin, Cytoxan, and Tamoxifen. The interactions in these ceRNAs showed strong correlations in BRCA. Most drug response-related dysregulated ceRNAs were only present in one kind of drug. A number of drug response-related ceRNAs presented diverse dysregulation patterns. We also extracted some key drug response-related lncRNAs, such as HCP5 and FAM182A. These lncRNAs were associated with certain cancer hallmarks and survival in BRCA. Conclusions: Ultimately, understanding the underlying lncRNA-mediated ceRNAs in drug responses will facilitate improved individual reactions to chemotherapy and overall outcomes of BRCA treatment.
Clinicopathological Features and Clinical Outcomes of Primary Hepatic Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: Evaluation of a Pooled Case Series
Authors: Xu Xing , Zheng Guoliang , Zheng Zhichao
Published: September 2020

Background: Due to the extremely rare incidence, data of clinicopathological features and prognosis of primary hepatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) is limited. Methods: 36 cases of hepatic GISTs were from the literature, PUBMED, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and WANFANG DATA, and 1 case came from our center. Clinicopathological features and outcomes were analyzed between 37 hepatic GISTs and 254 gastric GISTs from our center. Results: A majority of hepatic GISTs exceeded 5 cm (83.7%), displayed mixed density (69.4%) and spindle morphology (74.2%) and were classified as high risk (91.4%). Larger tumors of hepatic GISTs were likely to display mixed lesion and tumors with mixed lesion were prone to be classified as high risk. In comparisons to gastric GISTs, hepatic GISTs differed from gastric GISTs in tumor size, main symptoms, histologic type, mitotic index, CD34 expression, NIH risk classification. In patients with hepatic GISTs, 5-year DFS and DSS rates were 19.4% and 53.7%, which were worse than that of gastric GISTs (P＜ 0.001), especially for those with tumor size exceeding 5 cm or mitotic indices exceeding 5/50 HPF (P < 0.001). Multivariable analysis showed location and NIH risk classification were independent prognostic factors for DFS in patients with GISTs, and size and location were significantly associated with DSS. Conclusions: Hepatic GISTs distinguished from gastric GISTs in respect to clinicopathological features and outcomes. Mitotic index exceeding 5/50 HPF or tumor size exceeding 5 cm may be important factor to distinguish hepatic GISTs from gastric GISTs in DFS and DSS.
Preliminary Establishment of a Spinal Stability Scoring System for Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Yao Xingchen , Shi Xiangjun , Xu Ziyu , Tan Jie , Wei Yanzhe , Qi Lei , Zhou Zihao , Li Lihong , Du Xinru
Published: September 2020

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignant plasma cell disorder that represents the most common primary malignant bone tumor. It commonly involves bone metastasis in multiple vertebral bodies, which SINS scoring system may not be fully applicable to MM patients. We designed a stability evaluation system to evaluate the spinal stability of patients with MM spinal involvement in order to guide clinical treatment. Methods: By using Delphi method, information was collected and extracted through a series of questionnaires and improved via feedback and we preliminary establishment of a spinal stability scoring system for multiple myeloma. Results: Fifteen clinicians completed a second round of questionnaires and compared their answers with those of the first round of questionnaires to identify significant comments or changes that required group discussions. As a result, no further feedback was used to improve the scoring system. After integrating the information from the expert consultation questionnaire, we established the initial scoring system for MM spine stability and used the scoring system to assess a series of representative clinical cases. The scoring system consisted of the following six components.The MM spinal stability scoring system was created by calculating the scores of the six separate components: Location, Pain, Number of segments, Physiological curvature, Comorbidities and Neurological function. The minimum value was ‘0’, and the maximum value was ‘24’. A score of ‘0-10’ indicated ‘spine stability’, a score of ‘11-17’ indicated ‘potential instability’, and a score of ‘18-24’ indicated ‘spine instability’. Patients with a score of ‘11-24’ need an intervention such as surgery. Conclusions: The initial establishment of the MM spine stability scoring system provides a vital theoretical basis for the evaluation of spine stability in individuals with MM. Trial registration: As this was a retrospective study, it did not require ethical approval; all patients had signed informed consent when they received treatment, and all treatment options were voluntary.
A Novel Primary Healthcare Physician Associate Internship: Results from a Service Evaluation
Authors: Cottrell Elizabeth , Silverwood Victoria , Minshull Lucy , Edwards John J , Strivens-Joyce Alex , Aiello Matt , Lawton Sarah , Turner Sharon
Published: September 2020

Background: Physician associates (PA) are dependent healthcare professionals with two-years post-graduate generalist medical education. PAs can work in primary care immediately after graduation. However, PAs are novel to, and still relatively uncommon within, UK primary care. Recognising the challenges presented by UK primary care, including the undifferentiated, complex sociomedical and non-protocolised presentations, a novel one-year internship scheme was established to support PAs to work in primary care and to support PA retention in primary care and within the geographical region. This evaluation sought to gain feedback to guide further roll-out and development of the internship and to establish its success in supporting PAs into primary care.Methods: The Staffordshire PA Internship (SPAI) scheme was introduced in Staffordshire in 2017. PAs worked concurrently in primary and secondary care posts for one year, with protected weekly primary care focussed education sessions. Posts were subsidised and PAs were centrally employed. Evaluation data pertaining to the first two cohorts were sought from the PA interns, supervising GPs and practice managers.Results: By evaluation end, eight of the ten PAs had completed the internship. Practices valued the subsidised, central employment model of the internship as it provided a risk-limited opportunity to explore the PA role, which iteratively developed to establish weekly timetables that best suited PAs and practices. While the one-year PA programme had seen PA interns develop significantly from the start, many practices and PAs felt that a two year programme may have been preferable. There were mixed views about whether a split post or sequential posts may be preferable, however, PAs did not have experience of the latter.Conclusions: This test-of-concept SPAI was successful in retaining PAs in primary care in the geographical area of the internship. However, it highlighted the need for PA interns to have intensive supervision, particularly in the early weeks, and a dedicated educational programme, which was only possible due to the internship arrangements. The optimal internship design remains unknown, however, sole primary care internship posts may accelerate upskilling of PA interns for the challenges of primary care and may better support their integration within practices.
Perceptions of Risk of Attending Hospital During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A UK Public Opinion Survey
Authors: Pritchard Rebecca , Brady Emer M , Chudasama Yogini V , Davies Melanie J , McCann Gerry P
Published: September 2020

Background: To inform clinical and research practice in secondary care in the COVID-19 pandemic we consulted patients and the public on their feelings of safety, factors affecting feelings of safety, intention to participate in research, attitudes to research and comfort with new ways of working in order to inform secondary care policy on restarting research and some clinical activity. Method: An online survey was used to collect public opinions on attending hospitals. The survey link was circulated via the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Public Involvement (PPI) Leads network and social media.Results: 402 people completed the survey. Participants age ranged from the 18-85+, with the majority (337 (84%)) aged between 35 to 74 years. There were a higher number of women (77%) compared to men (23%); and were mainly White European (91%) compared to Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) (6%), or other (2%).Results for feelings of safety scales show bi-polarity with few respondents in the middle ground. Implementation of COVID-19 related safety measures such as social distancing, use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and cleaning were strongly supported by most respondents. There was ambivalence around less certain measures such as staff antigen and antibody testing. Respondents were most likely to participate in research related to their own condition, COVID-19 and vaccine, but less likely to participate as healthy volunteers, especially if suffering from a pre-existing comorbidity identified with increased risk or were female. There was general agreement that participants are comfortable with new ways of working, such as remote consultation, though women and BAME respondents were less comfortable.Conclusions: Findings raise concerns for health inequalities already impacting some groups in the pandemic. The role of clinical necessity and personal benefit support the reopening of services in line with clinical necessity. Moderate caution in respect of vaccine research relative to patient-participant research presents a challenge for pending recruitment demands, and would benefit from qualitative research to explore themes and concerns in more depth and support development and targeting of key messaging.
Expression of NAD(P)H:Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 and Its Significance in Human Abdominal Aortic Aneurysmal Tissues
Authors: Zhang Jin-jin , Zhao Jun-jian , Xiong Yan-jie , Chang Quan , Bi Xi-le , Li Qing-zhao , Sun Jian , Ma Dong
Published: September 2020

Background NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) protein protects cells against redox cycling of quinones and oxidative stress. Oxidative stress represents key mechanisms leading to abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation. However, a role of NQO1 in AAA formation has not been investigated previously.Methods The Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) labeling quantitative proteomics technique was utilized to detect 3 AAA tissues and 3 corresponding adjacent normal abdominal aorta tissue specimens. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect NQO1 expression in 8 AAA tissues, and the correlation with AAA size, MDA and SOD levels was analyzed. The senescence model of human vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMCs) induced by Angiotensin II (AngII) was established in vitro. The effect of AngII on the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and β-galactosidase activity of VSMCs were observed after NQO1 expression was inhibited by specific interfering RNA (si-NQO1) technique.Results NQO1 expression was the highest up-regulation (3.1fold) among 11 differentially expressed oxidative stress-related proteins (> 1.2 or<0.83 and P<0.05), and the expression of NQO1 was positively correlated with the AAA size (R2=0.517, P<0.05) and MDA level (R2=0.659, P<0.05). AngII treatment of human VSMCs increased ROS expression and β-galactosidase activity, while knocking down NQO1 expression promoted AngII-induced ROS production and cell aging. Conclusion Up-regulation of NQO1expression plays an antioxidant role in AAA, and it is expected to be a biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis assessment of AAA.
Development of a High-dorsiflexion Assistive System for Subacute Stroke Patients: Intervention Experiment on Healthy Subjects With Dorsiflexion Movement Restriction
Authors: Hong Jing-Chen , Cheng Hao , Ohashi Hiroki , Iwata Hiroyasu
Published: September 2020

A number of robotic ankle-foot orthoses with practical application for stroke patients have been developed in recent years. However, targets are mainly patients in the chronic phase. In this paper, we present development of a high-dorsiflexion assistive system aiming to support passive dorsiflexion movement in the swing phase for subacute patients in the early phase of gait rehabilitation. By applying a McKibben-type artificial muscle, output of high dorsiflexion torque with a low-weighted prototype was realized. This is expected to minimize loading burden on subacute stroke patients. An experiment on six healthy participants was conducted, and different extents of compensatory movements were applied when their dorsiflexion movements were restricted. The results of processed surface electromyography data significantly decreased when dorsiflexion movement was assisted with our system. Meanwhile, the results of spatial parameters also showed significant improvement of compensatory movement inclination with sufficient assistance. These indicate the potential of realizing assistance of passive ankle movements for patients with very low dorsiflexion abilities, which shows the potential for our future planning of practical pilot studies.
Pre-menarche adolescent girls’ menstrual knowledge and preparedness to menarche in North Shewa zone of Amhara region, Ethiopia
Authors: Zeru Abayneh Birlie , Muluneh Mikyas Arega
Published: September 2020

Background: Many adolescent girls in Ethiopia attain menarche without adequate knowledge and preparation which could have a distressing negative impact on their psychosocial, physical, and emotional wellbeing. This study aimed to assess pre-menarche adolescent girls’ menstrual knowledge and preparedness to menstruation and associated factors in the North Shewa Zone of the Amhara region.Methods: A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted on participants selected through a multi-stage sampling technique. Data collected through a self-administered questionnaire were entered into Epi Data and exported to SPSS for analysis. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic regressions were computed to identify factors associated with the good menstrual knowledge and preparedness to menarche. An odds ratio with 95%CI was computed to measure the magnitude of the association. Variables with a p-value of <0.05 on multivariable analysis were considered statistically significant factors associated with the outcome variable.Results: From a total of 424 pre-menarche adolescent girls included in the study, 166(39.2%) had good menstrual knowledge and about a quarter 110(25.9%) had good preparedness towards menarche. An increase in the school grade level of adolescent girls, the educational status of the mother, and occupation of the father (government employment) were positively associated with good menstrual knowledge. Having good menstrual knowledge increased the preparedness of pre-menarche girls to menarche by over 13-fold than poorly knowledgeable girls.Conclusions: Menstrual knowledge and preparedness to menarche of pre-menarche adolescent girls were low in the North Shewa Zone of the Amhara region. The level of preparedness to menarche was also highly dependent on girls' menstrual knowledge. Thus, the school's health program and teachers should address the problem by delivering age-appropriate menstrual information to equip adolescent girls with accurate and adequate menstrual knowledge before the onset of menarche.