bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differences in Common Genetic Predisposition to Ischemic Stroke by Age and Sex
Authors: Traylor Matthew , Rutten-Jacobs Loes C.A. , Holliday Elizabeth G. , Malik Rainer , Sudlow Cathie , Rothwell Peter M. , Maguire Jane M. , Koblar Simon A. , Bevan Steve , Boncoraglio Giorgio , Dichgans Martin , Levi Chris , Lewis Cathryn M. , Markus Hugh S.
Published: October 2015

Background and Purpose—

Evidence from epidemiological studies points to differences in factors predisposing to stroke by age and sex. Whether these arise because of different genetic influences remained untested. Here, we use data from 4 genome-wide association data sets to study the relationship between genetic influence on stroke with both age and sex.

Methods—

Using genomic-relatedness-matrix restricted maximum likelihood methods, we performed 4 analyses: (1) we calculated the genetic correlation between groups divided by age and (2) by sex, (3) we calculated the heritability of age-at-stroke-onset, and (4) we evaluated the evidence that heritability of stroke is greater in women than in men.

Results—

We found that genetic factors influence age at stroke onset (
h
2
[SE]=18.0 [6.8];
P
=0.0038), with a trend toward a stronger influence in women (women:
h
2
[SE]=21.6 [3.5]; Men:
h
2
[SE]=13.9 [2.8]). Although a moderate proportion of genetic factors was shared between sexes (
rG
[SE]=0.68 [0.16]) and between younger and older cases (
rG
[SE]=0.70 [0.17]), there was evidence to suggest that there are genetic susceptibility factors that are specific to sex (
P
=0.037) and to younger or older groups (
P
=0.056), particularly for women (
P
=0.0068). Finally, we found a trend toward higher heritability of stroke in women although this was not significantly greater than in men (
P
=0.084).

Conclusions—

Our results indicate that there are genetic factors that are either unique to or have a different effect between younger and older age groups and between women and men. Performing large, well-powered genome-wide association study analyses in these groups is likely to uncover further associations.
Overview and revision of the extant genera and subgenera of Trogidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea)
Authors: Strümpher Werner P. , Villet Martin H. , Sole Catherine L. , Scholtz Clarke H.
Published: October 2015

Extant genera and subgenera of the Trogidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) are reviewed. Contemporary classifications of this family have been based exclusively on morphological characters. The first molecular phylogeny for the family recently provided strong support for the relationships between morphologically defined genera and subgenera. On the basis of morphological, molecular and biogeographical evidence, certain taxonomic changes to the genus-level classification of the family are now proposed. The family is confirmed as consisting of two subfamilies, Omorginae Nikolajev and Troginae MacLeay, the former with two genera,OmorgusErichson andPolynoncusBurmeister, and the latter with two genera,TroxFabricius andPhoberusMacLeaystat. rev.Phoberusis restored to generic rank to include all Afrotropical (including Madagascan endemic) species;Afromorgusis confirmed at subgeneric rank within the genusOmorgus; and the monotypic Madagascan genusMadagatroxsyn. n.is synonymised withPhoberus.The current synonymies ofPseudotroxRobinson (withTrox),ChesasBurmeister,LagopelusBurmeister andMegalotroxPreudhomme de Borre (all withOmorgus) are all accepted to avoid creating speculative synonyms before definitive phylogenetic evidence is available. New combinations resulting from restoringPhoberusto a monophyletic genus are listed in Appendix A.
Lay Perceptions of Two Modern Artworks
Authors: Lagerspetz Mikko
Published: October 2015

The paper is based on 82 open-ended interviews conducted by as many students during 2006–2013. The respondents were presented with pictures of two artworks, The Persistence of Memory (1931) by Salvador Dalí and Which Link Fails First? (1992) by Teemu Mäki, a Finnish contemporary artist. They were asked to comment and compare the two pictures and tell which one they liked better. The respondents’ spontaneous comments show different aspects of how an artwork is perceived and evaluated. The interviews were analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. As the result of in vivo coding, 40 variables were created for use in a content analysis. The respondents focused on different things when evaluating the two artworks. When commenting Dalí’s painting, they paid attention on its affective and sensory characteristics, while Mäki’s work was discussed primarily in terms of its message and perceived lack of professional quality. In parallel, a selection of interviews was analysed in order to reveal the temporal sequence of discussing and evaluating different aspects of the paintings. The analysis showed three ways of discussing, which were called naïve, scholarly, and deliberative. The temporally structured model of aesthetic appreciation and judgement suggested in 2004 by Leder and his co-workers was used as a heuristic device for an analysis of the shifts of attention that take place when a discourse is created and anchored in perception. Both cognitive psychology and phenomenological sociology emphasize the dependence of perception on context and intention; there is reason to take that theoretical starting point seriously.
Taxonomic revision of the Pteris cadieri complex (Pteridaceae)
Authors: Chao Yi-Shan , Liu Ho-Yih , Chiou Wen-Liang
Published: October 2015

The Pteris cadieri complex is widely distributed in South and East Asia. Due to tremendous morphological variation within and between taxa, previous taxonomic treatments have been plagued with an element of uncertainty. In this study, the morphological characteristics, along with data from previous studies on reproductive modes, cytology, and genotypes, are integrated to clarify and delineate each taxon. Nine taxa are recognized in the Pteris cadieri complex: three original species (P. cadieri, P. hainanensis and P. grevilleana), one reinstated name (P. dimorpha, synonymized under P. cadieri), two new species (P. incurvata sp. nov. and P. perplexa sp. nov.), two new varieties (P. dimorpha var. prolongata var. nov., and P. dimorpha var. metagrevilleana var. nov.), and a forma (P. grevilleana f. ornata stat. nov.). The lectotypes of P. cadieri, P. dimorpha, P. grevilleana, and P. hainanensis are designated. Each taxon is described in detail. A key is provided to facilitate the identification of all taxa.
Nukuhiva Berland, 1935 is a troglobitic wolf spider (Araneae: Lycosidae), not a nursery-web spider (Pisauridae)
Authors: FRAMENAU VOLKER W. , LEHTINEN PEKKA T.
Published: October 2015

The monotypic genus Nukuhiva Berland, 1935 with N. adamsoni (Berland, 1933) as type species, is re-described and transferred from the Pisauridae Simon, 1890 (fishing or nursery-web spiders) to the Lycosidae Sundevall, 1833 (wolf      spiders) based on genitalic and somatic characters. Nukuhiva adamsoni, originally described from French Polynesia, appears to inhabit mountainous habitats of volcanic origin. Its troglobitic morphology—comparatively small eyes and pale, uniform coloration—suggest it to be associated with subterranean habitats such as caves or lava tubes, similar to the Hawaiian troglobitic species Lycosa howarthi Gertsch, 1973 and Adelocosa anops Gertsch, 1973.
Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Surgery
Authors: Raikundalia Milap D. , Fang Christina H. , Spinazzi Eleonora F. , Vazquez Alejandro , Park Richard Chan , Baredes Soly , Eloy Jean Anderson
Published: October 2015

Objective

The impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on surgical outcomes and cost of care for patients undergoing surgery for head and neck cancer (HNCA) is not well established. We used the Nationwide Inpatient Sample to analyze the postoperative impact of DM on HNCA patients.

Study Design

Population‐based inpatient registry analysis.

Setting

Academic medical center.

Subjects and Methods

Discharge data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample were analyzed for patients undergoing HNCA surgery from 2002 to 2010. Patient demographics, comorbidities, length of stay, hospital charges, and postoperative complications were compared between HNCA patients with and without DM.

Results

Of 31,075 patients, 4029 patients (13.0%) had a DM diagnosis. DM patients were older (65.7 ± 10.8 vs 61.1 ± 14.1 years old; P <. 001), had more preexisting comorbidities, had longer hospitalizations, and incurred greater hospital charges. Compared with the non‐DM cohort, DM patients experienced significantly higher rates of postoperative infections (2.6% vs 2.1%, P =. 025), cardiac events (9.0% vs 4.3%, P <. 001), pulmonary edema/failure (6.6% vs 5.7%, P =. 023), acute renal failure (3.3% vs 1.5%, P <. 001), and urinary tract infections (2.8 % vs 2.1%, P =. 005). No differences in surgical wound healing rates were observed (0.1 vs 0.1, P =. 794). On multivariate logistic regression corrected for age and race, DM patients had greater odds of postoperative infections (1.382, P =. 007), cardiac events (1.893, P <. 001), and acute renal failure (2.023, P <. 001).

Conclusions

DM is associated with greater length of stay and hospital charges among HNCA patients. DM patients have significantly greater rates of postoperative complications, including postoperative infections, cardiac events, and acute renal failure.
slan-defined subsets of CD16-positive monocytes: impact of granulomatous inflammation and M-CSF receptor mutation
Authors: Hofer Thomas P. , Zawada Adam M. , Frankenberger Marion , Skokann Kerstin , Satzl Anna A. , Gesierich Wolfgang , Schuberth Madeleine , Levin Johannes , Danek Adrian , Rotter Björn , Heine Gunnar H. , Ziegler-Heitbrock Loems
Published: October 2015

Key Points

The slan marker can be used to define nonclassical and intermediate monocytes in human blood. slan-negative intermediate monocytes are expanded in sarcoidosis, and slan-positive nonclassical monocytes are depleted in HDLS.
Intake of multivitamin supplements and incident asthma in Norwegian adults: the HUNT study
Authors: Jiang Lin , Brumpton Ben , Langhammer Arnulf , Chen Yue , Mai Xiao-Mei
Published: October 2015

Although intake of multivitamin supplements is becoming increasingly popular, the relationship between intake of multivitamin supplements and incident asthma remains unclear. Prospective studies in adults with long-term follow-up are especially scarce. Our objective was to investigate the association between intake of multivitamin supplements and asthma development in Norwegian adults.

We followed 16 952 adult subjects from the second survey of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (1995–1997) up to 2006–2008, who, at baseline, were free of asthma and provided information on their intake of multivitamin supplements and cod liver oil. Regular intake of multivitamin supplements or cod liver oil was defined as daily intake for ≥3 months during the year prior to baseline. Incident asthma was defined as reported new-onset asthma after the 11-year follow-up.

Intake of multivitamin supplements only was associated with an increased odds ratio for incident asthma (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.12–2.13) after adjustment for a number of common confounding factors (model I). Similar odds ratios were found for intake of cod liver oil only and for intake of both supplements (1.59 and 1.73, respectively).

Regular intake of multivitamin supplements was associated with an increased odds ratio for incident asthma in Norwegian adults.
Roles of microRNA-34a targeting SIRT1 in mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Zhang Fengyun , Cui Jinjin , Liu Xiaojing , Lv Bo , Liu Xinxin , Xie Zulong , Yu Bo
Published: October 2015

Introduction

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies have had positive outcomes both in animal models of cardiovascular diseases and in clinical patients. However, the number and function of MSCs decline during hypoxia and serum deprivation (H/SD), reducing their ability to contribute to endogenous injury repair. MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a) is originally identified as a TP53-targeted miRNA that modulates cell functions, including apoptosis, proliferation, and senescence via several signaling pathways, and hence is an appealing target for MSC-based therapy for myocardial infarction.

Methods

Bone marrow-derived MSCs were isolated from 60–80 g male donor rats. Expression levels of miR-34a were determined by qRT-PCR. The roles of miR-34a in regulating cell vitality, apoptosis and senescence were investigated using the cell counting kit (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometric analysis of Annexin V-FITC/PI staining and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining, respectively. The expression of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and forkhead box class O 3a (FOXO3a) and of apoptosis- and senescence-associated proteins in MSCs were analyzed by western blotting.

Results

The results of the current study showed that miR-34a was significantly up-regulated under H/SD conditions in MSCs, while overexpression of miR-34a was significantly associated with increased apoptosis, impaired cell vitality and aggravated senescence. Moreover, we found that the mechanism underlying the proapoptotic function of miR-34a involves activation of the SIRT1/FOXO3a pathway, mitochondrial dysfunction and finally, activation of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Further study showed that miR-34a can also aggravate MSC senescence, an effect which was partly abolished by the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, N-acetylcysteine (NAC).

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates for the first time that miR-34a plays pro-apoptotic and pro-senescence roles in MSCs by targeting SIRT1. Thus, inhibition of miR-34a might have important therapeutic implications in MSC-based therapy for myocardial infarction.
The mud-sand crossover on marine seismic data
Authors: Cook Ann E. , Sawyer Derek E.
Published: October 2015

The average depth or traveltime in which the acoustic impedance of marine muds exceeds surrounding sands is not clearly established but is important for a host of applications, such as geohazard analysis for deepwater drilling, slope stability, and prospecting for natural gas hydrates. We have established a practical depth and time for the mud-sand crossover. We have assembled the largest bulk density and compressional velocity data set for marine muds in the first 1200 m below the seafloor (mbsf) from drilling data. The marine mud data set is combined with laboratory data for sands at pressure to determine the physical property trends and crossovers in the average marine sediment column. We have used a simple lithologic model, the average marine mud and sand trends, and a Ricker wavelet to link the physical properties to marine seismic data. We found that a seismic mud-sand crossover occurs, on average, at 875 mbsf, which is approximately [Formula: see text] two-way time below the seafloor. More practically, the impedance contrast between sand layers and marine mud layers may only be sufficiently visible to 500 mbsf or approximately [Formula: see text] two-way time due to the similar acoustic impedances of muds and sands below that depth.
Like Not Like: Writing Portraits in The Peony Pavilion
Authors: Burkus-Chasson Anne
Published: October 2015

In this essay, the author examines the portraits that are featured in Tang Xianzu's The Peony Pavilion. The textual portraits are mixed in nature. They contain semiotic elements that can be readily described in language and understood through iconographical interpretation. But other elements in the textual portrait cannot be fully captured by words. The latter apparently fascinated Tang Xianzu, for he explained the source of inspired writing by comparing a writer to a painter. In The Peony Pavilion, the ambiguous and unfinished pictorial marks in Du Liniang's self-portrait—its “antisemiotic elements,” a phrase borrowed from James Elkins—are prominent. This picture thus conveniently partakes in the play's comedy of errors, for at times it cannot be fully or even partially recognized. Without discounting the representational potential of pictures and other ritual objects, such as imperial portraits, Tang probes in The Peony Pavilion the mimetic and the nonrepresentational elements of writing and picture making.
Analysis of Gender Differences for Women Entrepreneurs by SWOT Model
Authors: Li HongBo , Ding Lan
Published: October 2015

Though often considered “the weaker sex,” women have led entrepreneurship to a popular phenomenon. Given their unique characteristics, women face different situations and difficulties than men, but they also enjoy unique advantages as entrepreneurs. SWOT analysis is used in this paper to draw a comprehensive evaluation of women from the aspects of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to give some suggestions for entrepreneurial platforms. Finally, a better vision is raised that more research will be proposed to provide theoretical guidance for female entrepreneurship.
Functional analyses of phosphorylation events in human Argonaute 2
Authors: Lopez-Orozco Joaquin , Pare Justin M. , Holme Andrea L. , Chaulk Steven G. , Fahlman Richard P. , Hobman Tom C.
Published: October 2015

Argonaute 2 (Ago2) protein is a central effector of RNA interference (RNAi) pathways and regulates mammalian genes on a global level. The mechanisms of Ago2-mediated silencing are well understood, but less is known about its regulation. Recent reports indicate that phosphorylation significantly affects Ago2 activity. Here, we investigated the effect of mutating all known phospho-residues within Ago2 on its localization and activity. Ago2 associates with two different cytoplasmic RNA granules known as processing bodies (P-bodies) and stress granules, but the nature of this phenomenon is controversial. We report that replacing serine with a phospho-mimetic aspartic acid at position 798 completely abrogates association of Ago2 with P-bodies and stress granules. The effect of this mutation on its activity in gene silencing was modest, which was surprising because association of Ago2 with cytoplasmic RNA granules is thought to be a consequence of its role in RNAi. As such, our data indicate that targeting of Ago2 to P-bodies and stress granules is separable from its role in RNAi and likely requires dynamic phosphorylation of serine 798.
The model of endogenous economic growth with a balance
Authors: Полев  , Polev V. , Стародубцев  , Starodubtsev Viktor , Свистов  , Svistov V.
Published: October 2015

In this paper, we propose a model of endogenous growth, based on the assumption that the discount factor is formed endogenously. Analysis of the model is limited to the study of the state of stationary equilibrium, which correspond to the balanced growth path, and it is shown that the set of stationary equilibria is a continuum, and each individual is uncertain balance
Methods of study of reserves in the design of hydraulic systems
Authors: Сазонова  , Sazonova Svetlana , Мезенцев  , Mezentsev A.
Published: October 2015

This article describes how to justify the reserves in the design and analysis of hydraulic systems operate in emergency mode. Methods of study allowance for decomposition design problems are based on two approaches, one of which is purely "phenomenological", and the second can be called "statistical".
Information and methodological base scenario analysis in the design process of the social sphere
Authors: Свистова  , Svistova E. , Свистов  , Svistov V. , Стародубцев  , Starodubtsev Viktor , Полев  , Polev V.
Published: October 2015

The basic principle of solving social problems is the simulation of the complete cycle of adoption and implementation. Combining different strata description, get a variety of information describing the system. The concept of adequacy is specified in the description of the problem studied social studies. Formed scenario reflects the behavior of the object, it allows to develop and implement preventive and operational measures to shape a plan of action, predict the perceived risks. Information basis for the formation of formalized scenarios of behavior of the object system is a hypothesis about the behavior of its constituent elements of the system, as well as the collection of information from the structuring of a dedicated domain. Strategy formation scenario is a method of selecting the next event. The advantage of this scheme is its invariance with respect to the specific methods of its construction.
Choosing the best options of timber cargo traffic
Authors: Сушков  , Sushkov Sergey , Бурмистрова  , Burmistrova Olga
Published: October 2015

In the article the mathematical model of the optimal distribution of traffic between the various modes of transport. The model of the distribution of the requirements of traffic by mode of transport, the optimal cost function at the railway timber transportation option and function of the optimal scheme of cargo flows, taking into account interoperability timber. The solution of these tasks to determine the scope of rational road and rail transport under various conditions.
Self-awareness and the support worker
Authors: Stonehouse David
Published: October 2015

Within this article, the author will be discussing the important issue of self-awareness and what this means for the support worker in everyday practice. What does being self-aware mean and how can it support the delivery of quality care? The concept of having emotional intelligence will be highlighted and the Johari Window will be discussed as a way to explore and develop personal self-awareness. Self-awareness is closely linked to reflective practice and this will also be explored, before looking at self-awareness for leadership. Clear links to the Code of Conduct for Healthcare Support Workers and Adult Social Care Workers in England will be made throughout.
Care Certificate Standards 1 and 2: your role and your personal development
Authors: Peate Ian
Published: October 2015

This article is the first in a series that will address all 15 standards of the Care Certificate. The Care Certificate provides healthcare assistants and assistant practitioners (HCAs and APs) in any care setting with the knowledge and skills needed to offer safe, compassionate care. There are 15 standards associated with the Care Certificate. When the HCA or AP has been assessed as being competent against all of the standards within the Care Certificate, the Certificate can be awarded.

In this article, we look at the first two standards of the Care Certificate, which focus on the importance of understanding your role and why your personal development is key in offering care to people that is safe and effective.

Lifelong learning is seen as a key component of working in an effective manner, with the patient at the heart of all that is done.
Chest tubes part 2: placement and management
Authors: Boysen Søren R
Published: October 2015

There are several techniques that can be used to place chest tubes. This article will focus on step-by-step descriptions of two techniques used to place a chest tube: the ‘mini-thoracotomy’ technique for large-bore chest tubes and the Seldinger technique for small-bore chest tubes. Management of chest tubes following their placement as well as recommendations for their removal are also reviewed. The different types of chest tubes available, and their indications, were covered in part 1 of this review.
Book Review
Authors: Craig Mark
Published: October 2015

Black's Veterinary Dictionary, first published in 1928, is now in its 22nd edition. This sturdy hardback volume adopts a practical approach, is reasonably priced, and is a useful, informative addition to your bookshelf.
Enhanced recovery for colorectal surgery: a large NHS trust experience
Authors: Fitzgerald Jocelyn
Published: October 2015

Following a successful pilot study, an enhanced recovery programme (ERP) was introduced across United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust for all patients undergoing elective colorectal resections. In this article, Jocelyn Fitzgerald outlines the results of its implementation, which illustrate a number of service improvements, including a reduction in length of hospital stay, an increase in surgery admissions on the day of surgery and no significant increase in readmission rates when compared with traditional practices.
Managing abdominal complications due to severe diverticular disease: a team approach
Authors: Walker Helen
Published: October 2015

The impact of diverticular disease can be devastating. In this article, Helen Walker describes a complicated presentation, in which a complex fistulation process erupted onto the patient's abdominal skin. The author explains how using a team approach led to the successful management of the associated clinical symptoms. The management of such severe abdominal complications can be challenging to all and requires the input of many different health professionals. All team members' contributions are valuable, and together they ensure that all areas of care are identified. Therefore, a team approach contributes to a well-designed care pathway, specific to the individual.
Is asthma care the best it can be?
Authors: Holmes Steve , Scullion Jane
Published: October 2015

Steve Holmes and Jane Scullion invite you to reflect on the asthma care your practice offers 18 months after the National Review of Asthma Deaths
Spotting breast cancer in men
Authors: Peate Ian
Published: October 2015

Although breast cancer in men is rare, awareness of symptoms is essential, says Ian Peate
Peripheral arterial disease
Authors: Atkin Leanne , van Orsouw Michael , Bond Emma
Published: October 2015

This underdiagnosed condition is explained by Leanne Atkin, Michael van Orsouw and Emma Bond
Fitting and removing long-acting reversible contraception
Authors: Kipps Sarah
Published: October 2015

Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) has a high rate of efficacy and low rate of user failure. In 2005, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence produced guidelines for health professionals with the aim of increasing the uptake of these methods. LARC methods include sub-dermal progestogen-only implants, the progestogen-only injection, and intra-uterine contraceptive devices and intra-uterine systems. Nurses are now able to receive accreditation from the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists in fitting and removing LARC. They are also able to become nurse diplomates and gain NFSRH status. Preparation for fitting or administering any LARC method involves taking a full medical history and using UKMEC guidance to assess suitability. It is important that all nurses, whether they perform advanced skills of fitting and removing LARC or not, are familiar with the procedures so that they can give women the information they need to ensure informed consent.
Clinical decision-making in minor illness
Authors: Odell Jennifer
Published: October 2015

In initial nursing education, the advanced skills needed to perform a physical assessment, critically analyse the information gathered and make a clinical decision regarding the onward treatment of an acute minor illness are not routinely taught; however, these advanced skills are increasingly required by nurses working in primary care to meet the complex demands of the modern health service. Clinical assessment is an advanced skill set that blurs the lines between traditional nursing and medical roles. The advanced skills of of nurses make them valuable members of the primary health-care team.
The “Problem” of Religion, Christianity, and the Capacity of Community
Authors: Ananda Abeysekara
Published: October 2015

Ananda Abeysekara's essay takes up Gil Anidjar's objection to the way Nancy ignores the problematic legacy of “religion” inseparable from Christianity. Abeysekara focuses on the politics of exclusion that Anidjar identifies in the Christian notions of “fraternity” and “community” supposedly connected to the problem of religion. Thus, for Anidjar, the definition of religion arises as a problematic that is compounded by the legacy of “fraternization,” needing critique. Abeysekara asks if a critique of fraternity and community can serve as a censure of the way in which the definition of religion has been taken over by “Christianity.” For Abeysekara, counterposing the work of scholars such as Talal Asad and Jacques Derrida enables a reconsideration of the question of monastic brotherhood in relation to the Theravada Buddhist tradition, and what it means to claim that fraternity and community qua Christianity constitutes a problem of religion. Critiquing the problem of fraternity in this way misses exactly the authorized forms of religious practice guided by the cultivation of specific kinds of “capacity” like obedience.
The Red Thread of Christianity
Authors: Ruth Mas
Published: October 2015

Mas examines Anidjar's response to Nancy in order to argue against readings that understand Anidjar's treatment of the concept of Christianity as indiscriminately referring to secularism, globalisation, the West, or Westernisation. In Mas's reading, Christianity is simply a conceptual instantiation of the continuity between, of, and from civilisational and imperial power. Mas argues that to understand the discursivity of Christianity as a concept is to examine how its shifts and expansions are organised, deployed, and put into movement by power. Mas then goes on to ask what a concept is, and thereby semantically uncovers the functioning of power at the moment of the “is.” This insistence on the question of power allows Mas to unpack and develop the problematic that lies behind Anidjar's engagement with the nature of the concept as a polemical (and thus dividing, separating, and isolating) exercise within the grammar it has mapped out. This polemical exercise functions as the expansive moment of “Christianity” in its conceptual extension to “religion” (and also to “secularism), an extension that is divisive in function and thus operative of power.
Más allá del modelo del problem–solving
Authors: Burgos Carlos Eduardo
Published: October 2015

En este artículo se analiza la inadecuación de la teoría del diseño actual (mainstream) para comprender la complejidad de la praxis proyectual y el modo en que sus resultados modifican o impactan en la producción cultural. Desde este contexto se cuestiona la definición del diseño como una actividad autónoma de problem-solving. Para ello se introduce el concepto de investigación proyectual como categoría clave para avanzar en la elucidación del tipo particular de práctica que implica el diseño, en un contexto ontoepistémico y metodológico ampliado, a partir del cual puedan construirse vinculaciones con otras disciplinas con base representacional. Esta cuestión es analizada a partir de categorías y estrategias consistentes con la investigación filosófica y la sistematización teórica utilizando los antecedentes que la literatura especializada proporciona. Los resultados permiten ubicar al proceso de diseño en un contexto [trans]disciplinar expandido y comprender sus sistemas de prácticas como procesos de investigación y producción tanto semiótico-cognitivos como tecnológico–productivos.

Palabras clave

epistemología; filosofía de la Ciencia; metodología; representaciones; teoría del Diseño
La teoría en la arquitectura
Authors: Acosta María Martina
Published: October 2015

¿Cuál es el lugar que ocupa la reflexión teórica en el campo de la arquitectura? Aunque teoría y arquitectura se presentan como términos inescindibles, su necesidad y su capacidad para ordenar los problemas disciplinares constituyen un debate fragmentado e intrínsecamente inconcluso. La teoría indica problemas, prescribe prácticas, especula, critica. En los últimos veinte años, una serie de libros ha intentado condensar los aspectos sobresalientes del debate teórico desde mediados del siglo XX, recogiendo los pedazos de una cultura arquitectónica que no renuncia a discutir sobre la belleza o el significado pero se aleja de cualquier pretensión de verdad ontológica Junto a estos términos, presentes ya en la tríada vitruviana, otras ideas intentan justificar una práctica de ineludible carácter político. Este artículo explora la construcción de la teoría y sus transformaciones en la historia, subrayando la necesidad de la reflexión en la definición de un campo disciplinar que aun pugna por la buena y bella arquitectura.

Palabras clave

teoría; historia; crítica; arquitectura contemporánea
Tecnologías constructivas, procesos de enseñanza/aprendizaje.
Authors: Leblanc Fernando Raúl
Published: October 2015

En los últimos años he ejercido como responsable de cátedra en un taller de enseñanza universitaria cuya temática se vincula con las técnicas constructivas ligadas a los procesos de prefabricación e industrialización. El tema abordado presenta fuertes vinculaciones con las experiencias desarrolladas en los países centrales. Esta situación ha llevado a un detenido análisis acerca de la manera en que el taller debía afrontar el estudio de esa tecnología, ya que ni se podía referenciar nuestra enseñanza únicamente al desarrollo tecnológico foráneo, que es del que se cuenta con una mayor información y experiencias desarrolladas, ni ignorarlo. El documento contempla un sucinto análisis de los últimos dos siglos de desarrollo de las citadas tecnologías en los países centrales para luego verificar las tendencias contestatarias a la idea de una tecnología única desarrollada por estos países. Finalmente, se propone una estrategia pedagógica que tiende a la consideración de las distintas tendencias, teniendo como objetivo la formulación de tecnologías que respondan a nuestra necesidad regional y nacional. Se describe, asimismo, la idea de que los alumnos, más que incorporar ejemplos concretos, elaboren criterios que les permitan la comprensión y elaboración de las tecnologías actuales así como las por venir.

Palabras clave

técnicas de montaje; tecnología única; tecnología alternativa; pedagogía; criterios técnicos
Transformaciones urbano–territoriales y sustentabilidad del desarrollo en la ciudad de Córdoba 1910–2010.
Authors: Venturini Mg. Arq. Edgardo J. , Ávila Mg. Arq. Víctor D. , Terreno Mg. Arq. Cristian
Published: October 2015

A partir de la primera década del siglo XX, el crecimiento urbano de la ciudad de Córdoba comienza claramente a superar los límites de las potencialidades de ur-banización del territorio local. Las nuevas tecnologías de urbanización posibilitan responder a las demandas del crecimiento demográfico y económico que experimenta la ciudad. Este proceso se acentúa a partir de la década de 1940, con el desarrollo industrial de la ciudad y la expansión periférica respecto a los núcleos tradicionales de la ciudad fundacional y sus primeras extensiones (Nueva Córdoba y los llamados «Barrios pueblo»). Los años 60 consolidan estos procesos de extensión periférica. Pero a partir de los '70 se asiste al surgimiento del fenómeno  de metropolización de Córdoba, con las consiguientes rupturas de los procesos de producción de lo urbano y la aparición de nuevas lógicas urbano–territoriales (descentralización, fragmentación, dispersión, difusión, segregación buscada–segregación obligada, grandes proyectos en «áreas especiales», nuevas conectividades), cuyas características, condiciones y déficits de sustentabilidad evidencian que los nuevos modos de producción de lo urbano son fuentes de mayores y más complejos problemas ambientales en la escala local–territorial.
La innovación pendiente en la formación de arquitectos
Authors: Riondet Esp. Arq. Viviana , Rivoira Esp. Arq. Alicia
Published: October 2015

La enseñanza es el principal proceso intencional mediante el cual la sociedad moderna convierte a sus individuos en herederos de su saber. Esta intencionalidad conlleva una forma de ver el mundo y la profesión inserta en él. Se han «naturalizado» formas del ser arquitecto y una tarea pendiente es su de–construcción para comprender si responden a nuevos escenarios. Los constructores del hábitat mayoritariamente no nos involucramos con la responsabilidad ambiental que nos compete, y tenemos una deuda ecológica que es perentorio asumir. La degradación medioambiental y el desequilibrio social nos llevan a afirmar que vivimos en un modelo ecodepredador. Lo inconmensurable de los dramas planetarios pareciera plantear demandas suficientes para que los académicos re–examinen sus premisas, más allá de meras técnicas didácticas. La actividad profesional es compleja, plantea incertidumbres éticas, consideraciones ambientales y tensiones políticas. La formación de arquitecto reúne, no muy armónicamente, dos metodologías: taller y asignaturas. Ambos deberían ser revisados a fines de verificar si estamos formando profesionales aptos para abordar la comprensión de la realidad compleja en que se vive y para deliberar sobre los modos más racionales de intervenir en la misma aceptando desafíos como catástrofes ecológicas, irracionalidades urbanas o necesidades perentorias de masas desprotegidas.
Earnings management to achieve positive earnings surprises in case of medium size companies listed in Poland
Authors: WÃ³jtowicz Piotr
Published: October 2015

Earnings management in Polish listed companies was the subject of only several studies, mainly theoretical, but none of them is related to earnings management to meet analystsâ€™ expectations. The aim of the paper is to detect any signals of earnings management to achieve zero or small positive earnings surprises. The sample comprises 609 observations from years 2012-2014 related to medium size companies listed at Warsaw Stock Exchange. Distribution of scaled annual earnings surprise (difference between realized and forecasted earnings scaled by beginning total assets) is analyzed. It contains unusually high frequency of small positive surprises. If the module of earnings surprise is small it is more probable that the real value was higher than the forecast - meeting or beating the forecast, so small positive earnings surprises are more probable than negative. If the module of earnings surprise is high it is more probable that the forecast of income was higher than the real value - neither meeting nor beating the forecast. Results are not sensitive to the choice of earnings surprise metric.
Numerical solution of two point boundary value problems by wavelet Galerkin method
Authors: Upadhyay Subrahamanyam , Singh Surjan , Yadav Sarita , Rai K. N.
Published: October 2015

In this paper, the Legendre wavelet operational matrix of integration is used to solve two point boundary value problems, in which the coefficients of the ordinary differential equation are real valued functions whose inner product with Legendre wavelet basis functions must exist. The method and convergence analysis of the Legendre wavelet is discussed. This method is applied to solve three boundary value and two moving boundary problems. In boundary value problems, we have studied the effects of condition number, elapse time and relative error on Legendre wavelet. It has been observed that the error decreases as the number of wavelet basis function increases. The condition number of square matrix of matrix equation decreases as Legendre wavelet basis function increases. The Legendre wavelet Galerkin method provides better results in lesser time, in comparison of other methods. In case of moving boundary problems the root mean square error (RMSE) for dimensionless temperature, position of moving interface and its generalized time rate are evaluated. It has been observed that the error increases as Stefan number increases.
Tick-borne Relapsing Fever in Children in the North-west of Iran, Qazvin
Authors: Ayazi Parviz , Mahyar Abolfazl , Oveisi Sonia , Esmailzadehha Neda , Nooroozi Sadralnesa
Published: October 2015

Relapsing fever is caused by theBorreliaspecies of spirochetes. Louse-borne epidemics of the disease may happen but the endemic disease is generally transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected tick (Ornithodorus). Clinical and laboratory findings of tick-borne relapsing fever in children in the north-west of Iran, Qazvin, were evaluated. This study was conducted from September 1992 to September 2012. Records from 53 cases of tick-borne relapsing fever (TBRF) were reviewed. In positive cases, febrile illness, and spirochetes were recognized in peripheral blood preparations. Of the 53 children younger than 12 years, fifty two percent were male and about one third (34%) of the patients were in the age range of 7–12 years. The disease is recorded through the whole year but its peak occurs during summer (52.8%) and autumn (32.1%). Sixty eight percent of patients were living in urban areas but had frequent travel to rural area. Thirty two percent of the cases were living in rural areas where their dwellings were close to animal shelters. All (100%) of the 53 subjects were febrile. Travellers to the rural areas with high prevalence of the disease should be attentive of the risk of tick-borne relapsing fever and use suitable control measures. Consequently relapsing fever should be considered when patients who live in or have vacationed in north-west of Iran show a recurring febrile illness.
A Comparative Evaluation of Gustafson’s Formula and New Formula for Age Estimation in India – A Forensic Study
Authors: Bajpai Manas , Pardhe Nilesh , Kumar Manish , Agrawal Shyam
Published: October 2015

The choice to use teeth for age determination is well accepted due to their longevity ability of being resilient to change. The total of 228 extracted teeth collected from the patients visited to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, NIMS Dental College, Jaipur, the teeth were without dental fillings and without and/or cavity selected. The known age was from 21 to 70 years with the average age of 43.46 years. For age estimation the method according to Gustafson was used. Every tooth was subject to longitudinal section of the midpulpal area. The following dental parameters were studied in each case: attrition, periodontal bone loss, root translucency, secondary dentin deposition, cementum apposition and root resorption. Total scores of different parameters plotted against the chronological age and regression formula was obtained. Using this formula ages were estimated, Gustafson formula was also applied in the same scores and ages estimated. The results of the chronological and estimated age by both formulae have been statistically compared using Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis. The results showed strong correlation (0.92; p<0.001) between chronological and estimated age by using both formulae. We found the mean error of ± 5.47 by using newly derived and formula and ± 6.35 by Gustafson’s formula. As a result of our study it was found that newly derived formula provides better results in comparison with Gustafson’s formula in Indian population. A positive correlation between age and total scores of physiological changes also revealed.
History of Ureteral Stenting Negatively Affects the Outcomes of Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy. Results of a Matched-pair Analysis
Authors: Sfoungaristos Stavros , Gofrit Ofer N. , Pode Dov , Landau Ezekiel H. , Yutkin Vladimir , Latke Arie , Duvdevani Mordechai
Published: October 2015

To evaluate the impact of ureteral stenting history to the outcomes of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy, we retrospectively analysed patients who underwent shockwave lithotripsy with Dornier Gemini lithotripter between September 2010 and August 2012. Forty seven patients (group A) who had a double J stent which was removed just before the procedure were matched-paired with another 47 patients (group B) who underwent shockwave lithotripsy having no stent history. The correlation between ureteral stenting history and stone-free rates was assessed. Stone-free rates were 68.1% and 87.2% for patients of group A and B, respectively (p=0.026). Postoperative complications were not different between groups. Multivariate analysis revealed that stone size (p=0.007), stone location (p=0.044) and history of ureteral stenting (p=0.046) were independent predictors for stone clearance after shockwave lithotripsy. Ureteral stents adversely affect shockwave lithotripsy outcome, even if they are removed before the procedure. Stenting history should divert treatment plan towards intracorporeal lithotripsy.
Monitoring of Hemostasis by Rotational Thrombelastometry During Normal Pregnancy and Postpartum
Authors: Duraj L. , Stasko J. , Hasko M. , Chudy P. , Sokol J. , Danko J. , Kubisz P.
Published: October 2015

Background: Rotational thrombelastometry (ROTEM) is a real-time clotting test that provides insight into clotting factors, the fibrinolytic system and platelet function. We obtained the longitudinal values on ROTEM in normal pregnancy and in puerperium.

Material and Methods: After ethics committee approval and subject informed consent, citrated blood was sampled from healthy pregnants four times during pregnancy and one time postpartum. As controls we used nonpregnant women undergoing voluntary blood donation. Extem and Intem tests and basic coagulation test were carried out.

Results: We included 112 women in our study, 55 non-pregnant women (controls) and 57 healthy pregnants with 5 samplings. The values of maximum clot firmness (MCF - in EXTEM and INTEM) were significantly higher up to 34th-36th week of pregnancy than those in non-pregnant subjects. MCF in 6th-7th week after delivery was significantly higher in both tests. Clotting time (CT) in pregnant women was significantly shorter (EXTEM) compared to non-pregnant subjects. We also found a very strong correlation between MCF and platelet count in all gestational weeks.'

Conclusions: Rotation thromboelastometry clearly demonstrates the hypercoagulability in pregnancy and can reflect the higher risk of venous thromboembolism in both pregnancy and puerperium. Strong correlation between MCF and platelet count can suggest role of platelets in hypercoagulability in pregnant women. This study provides a better knowledge about physiological changes in ROTEM measurement during pregnancy and postpartum.
Acne Conglobata Associated with Hidradenitis Suppurativa, Disorders of Follicular Occlusion (Case Report)
Authors: Pecova K.
Published: October 2015

The author is presenting the case of a 23-year-old female patient with a severe form of acne conglobata, with the first symptoms of the disease occurring as far back as the prepubertal age. In the past year the disease has combined with hidradenitis suppurativa (to be referred to henceforth as “HS”), Hurley stage I, in the axillae and both sides of the inguinal region, with a family history of acne conglobata (both her mother and brother were affected). Further examinations ruled out inflammatory bowel disease because of a lack of further associated symptoms, except for sideropenic anaemia (lesser form) and lower serum values of vitamin D. Up until now the disease has been resistant to treatment, including the long-term treatment of methylprednisolone in combination with isotretinoid as well as dapsone and antibiotics.
Emergence of Cranio-Cervico-Facial Soft Tissue Emphysema after Dental Hygiene Treatment Using Airflow (Case Report)
Authors: Adamicova K. , Statelova D. , Fetisovova Z. , Vybohova D. , Drgova M. , Polacek H.
Published: October 2015

The authors report an interesting case of dangerous complications during dental hygienist treatment. Soft tissue emphysema during, and after stomatological procedures is described in several works. Such a complication after „airflowing“ has not yet been published in literature.
Lyapunov matrices approach to the parametric optimization of time-delay systems
Authors: Duda Józef
Published: October 2015

In the paper a Lyapunov matrices approach to the parametric optimization problem of time-delay systems with a P-controller is presented. The value of integral quadratic performance index of quality is equal to the value of Lyapunov functional for the initial function of the time-delay system. The Lyapunov functional is determined by means of the Lyapunov matrix