bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Psychology of Leadership Destabilization: An Analysis of the 2016 U.S. Presidential Debates
Authors: Maskor Mazlan , Steffens Niklas K. , Haslam S. Alexander
Published: October 2020

When contesting for political office, leaders do not only seek to build their own following but also to engage in attacks to destabilize opponent leaders. However, research has yet to explore and explain the nature of attacks that seek to destabilize a leader's influence. Building on the identity leadership model which sees leadership as flowing from a leader's capacity to promote a sense of shared identity with followers, we argue that a leader can be destabilized if followers come to see the leader as defiling, devaluing, dividing, and destroying this shared sense of “us.” To explore these ideas, we analyzed the attack rhetoric used by Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump during the 2016 U.S. presidential debates to examine how they sought to subvert each other's leadership. Our analysis supports the proposed model and sheds light on the hitherto underexplored topic of leadership destabilization. Moreover, by helping us understand the ways in which principles of identity leadership can be weaponized to destabilize leadership, the analysis defines an important agenda for future research.
Activity‐rest circadian pattern and academic achievement, executive function, and intelligence in children with obesity
Authors: Migueles Jairo H. , Martinez‐Nicolas Antonio , Cadenas‐Sanchez Cristina , Esteban‐Cornejo Irene , Muntaner‐Mas Adrià , Mora‐Gonzalez Jose , Rodriguez‐Ayllon Maria , Madrid Juan Antonio , Rol Maria Angeles , Hillman Charles H. , Catena Andres , Ortega Francisco B.
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to analyze the associations of activity‐rest pattern indicators with academic achievement, executive function, and intelligence and to explore whether these associations are mediated by the total gray matter volume among children with overweight/obesity. Ninety‐five children (10 ± 1 year, 37 girls) with overweight/obesity (based on the World Obesity Federation body mass index cutoff points) were included in this cross‐sectional study. Hip‐ and wrist‐worn ActiGraph GT3X + accelerometers were used to assess the activity‐rest pattern. Interdaily stability (IS), intradaily variability (IV), the mean value of the lowest 5 hours (L5), and the mean value of the maximum 10 hours (M10) of activity and their respective timing (TL5, TM10) were used as indicators of the activity‐rest pattern throughout the day. Chronotype and social jetlag were used as indicators of circadian preference. Academic achievement, executive function, and intelligence were assessed with standardized tests. Gray matter volume was acquired by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). IS was positively associated with executive function (β = 0.244, P = .014). IV was negatively associated with mathematics and academic applications (β: −0.211 to −0.238, P’s ≤ .026). Later TM10 in the day was related to lower writing, academic skills, and intelligence (β: −0.229 to −0.271, P’s ≤ .025). None of the associations found were mediated by gray matter volume. A non‐fragmented and stable activity‐rest pattern and earlier physical activity in the day were associated with better academic achievement, executive function, and intelligence in children with overweight/obesity. Further studies are required to corroborate or contrast our findings.
Heat Transfer in Supercritical Fluids: A Review
Authors: Bodkha Kapil , Maheshwari N. K.
Published: October 2020

Supercritical fluids (SCF) find potential applications in the upcoming energy systems due to various advantages associated with them. One of such applications is nuclear reactor where supercritical water and carbon-dioxide, both are proposed as the coolants in advanced reactor designs. Higher efficiency, simplified systems, lower operational costs are some of the advantages which propels the research fraternity to employ these fluids in application. However, there are also some challenges associated with the use of these fluids. Heat transfer behavior of these fluids is one among them. As SCF undergo tremendous changes in thermophysical properties across pseudo-critical temperature, heat transfer may get affected. It may get enhanced, deteriorated or remain unaltered. Various studies, experimental and analytical, have been carried out in the past using SCF to evaluate their heat transfer behavior. Various heat transfer correlations have been proposed by researchers catering to different operating range of parameters. Also, studies have been dedicated by researchers to investigate fluid-to-fluid scaling of SCF based on which scaling laws were proposed by them. This way prototypic fluid behavior can be predicted if the model fluid conditions are known. This paper presents a latest review of the scaling laws and heat transfer correlations applicable to SC fluids. Illustrations have also been presented considering reference experimental data from literature to get a feel about how these scaling laws fare among themselves. Various heat transfer correlations have been compared and important observations have also been discussed in this article.
Heat Transfer in Induction Melting of Aluminum Oxide in Cold Crucible
Authors: Rot David , Hrbek Jan , Jirinec Jakub
Published: October 2020

This article aims to explain the mechanism of heat transfer between melt and cold crucible (CC) in processes referred to as induction skull melting (ISM). Several experiments were performed for this purpose. In these experiments, all relevant electrical and mechanical quantities that affect the heat transfer between the melt and the cold crucible were monitored. Firstly, this article deals with the description of the equipment used in the experiments. Aluminum oxide was considered as experimental material (EM). Therefore, the article also deals with the design of a suitable cold crucible for its melting. Subsequently, the article deals with the implementation of the experiment itself and its phases. Finally, based on the data obtained during melting processes, this paper deals with the calculation of the real heat transfer from the melt to the cold crucible. The main contribution of this article is a comprehensive view of the values of mechanical and electrical quantities that accompany the melting of the considered experimental material (EM) in the designed cold crucible. In conclusion, the values of thermal quantities obtained in the performed experiments are compared with numerical simulation.
Safety Analysis of Indonesia's Multipurpose Reactor During Irradiation of Natural UO2 Pin Target at Power Ramp Test Facility
Authors: Fadli Octaviana Erawati , Khakim Azizul , Suharyana S. , Suparmi A.
Published: October 2020

To support the utilization of the power ramp test facility (PRTF) at the reactor Serba Guna GA Siwabessy (RSG-GAS) reactor, the investigation of safety parameters both on the target and the reactor during the irradiation of natural UO2 has been conducted. The program for the analysis of reactor transient (PARET) and Monte Carlo N-particle version 6 (MCNP6) codes were integrated for thermal-hydraulic and neutronic analysis under the reactivity insertion phenomenon. The reactivity insertion and linear heat rate (LHR) were calculated by MCNP6 to confirm that the maximum values are well below the safety limits. Also, the code computed the reactor kinetic parameters to provide inputs for the PARET code to evaluate the reactor response due to the target movement at the PRTF. The target moves from the farthest position to the nearest one traveling 440 mm and then moves back to the original position. The safety analysis indicated that both maximum reactivity insertion and LHR values did not exceed the safety limits. The target induces maximum reactivity insertion of 0.023%dk/k and produces the maximum LHR of 137.53 W/cm and 275.06 W/cm; when the reactor operates at 15 MW and 30 MW, respectively. The PARET simulation results showed that the reactor power oscillated due to the target movement. Therefore, the recommended velocities of the target are below 0.17 m/s and 0.08 m/s for reactor power of 15 MW and 30 MW, respectively, to avoid the reactor scram, and no safety limits are exceeded.
Validation of the Fast Neutron Field in the Radial Channel of the VR-1 Reactor
Authors: Losa Evžen , Košťál Michal , Štefánik Milan , Šimon Jan , Czakoj Tomáš , Matěj Zdeněk , Cvachovec František , Mravec Filip , Rataj Jan , Sklenka Ľubomír
Published: October 2020

This work aims to characterize the neutron spectrum in the beam going out of the university research reactor (VR-1) using tubular-type of the nuclear fuel, version 4M (IRT-4M) fuel. Thanks to its variability, the core is often rearranged to fulfill different research tasks. Measurements with new core configuration have been carried out to confirm the spectrum shape in the neutron beam of the radial channel remains unchanged even though the core has been rearranged. Based on this finding, the VR-1 can be considered as a mockup for other IRT-4M fueled reactors, even with higher power. The neutron spectrum stability has been proven by measurement and by comparison of measurements done on the C12 and C13 cores. Fast neutron spectrum in the channel has been evaluated by means of neutron spectrometry by scintillation detector and activation materials (Au, Co, Ni, Al, Fe, and NaI). If the neutron field stability is proven, the radial channel beam can be used for evaluation of spectrum weighted cross section disregarding changes in the core configuration. Assuming reactions with higher threshold, their rates can be compared with rates obtained in the pure prompt fission neutron spectrum (PFNS), since earlier measurements have shown that the neutron spectrum in the light water reactor cavity is equal to the PFNS above 6 MeV threshold. Result 1.1831 mb for 127I(n,2n) reaction evaluated from the VR-1 activation measurement demonstrates good agreement of the measured reaction rate with tabulated rate averaged in 235U PFNS, confirming the neutron spectrum stability and equality to the PFNS.
Effects of cavity shapes and rounded corners of mold on polymer filling process in nanoimprint lithography
Authors: Ma Lijun , Zhang Mingya , Zhang Xiaolei , Zheng Xu , Xue Shifeng , Wang Qing
Published: October 2020

The effects of cavity shapes and rounded corners on polymer filling and mold stress distributions of nanoimprint lithography are investigated using a numerical simulation approach. Three types of mold cavities including a rectangular cavity with vertical sidewalls, a trapezoidal cavity with inclined sidewalls, and a semicircular cavity with curved sidewalls are used to study the polymer flow and the filling situation in the embossing stage. Stress distributions of three types of molds are compared to evaluate the mold durability under different imprint pressures. To further optimize filling ratios and the stress concentration, three molds with round corners are proposed. Simulation results show that the mold with a semicircular cavity can achieve complete filling under the lowest pressure, but the maximum von Mises stress is greater than that of others. The filling ratio of the trapezoidal cavity is better than that of the rectangular cavity, and the maximum von Mises stress is the smallest among three types of molds. With the increase in the radius of round corners for three molds, filling ratios are improved and the maximum stresses decrease apparently, which not only improve the pattern transferring fidelity but also prolong the service life of the mold effectively.
Ångstrom-scale silver particle–embedded carbomer gel promotes wound healing by inhibiting bacterial colonization and inflammation
Authors: Chen Chun-Yuan , Yin Hao , Chen Xia , Chen Tuan-Hui , Liu Hao-Ming , Rao Shan-Shan , Tan Yi-Juan , Qian Yu-Xuan , Liu Yi-Wei , Hu Xiong-Ke , Luo Ming-Jie , Wang Zhen-Xing , Liu Zheng-Zhao , Cao Jia , He Ze-Hui , Wu Ben , Yue Tao , Wang Yi-Yi , Xia Kun , Luo Zhong-Wei , Wang Yang , Situ Wei-Yi , Liu Wen-En , Tang Si-Yuan , Xie Hui
Published: October 2020

L-AgÅPs-gel represents a highly effective and safe antibacterial and anti-inflammatory material for promoting wound healing.
VGLL4 promotes osteoblast differentiation by antagonizing TEADs-inhibited Runx2 transcription
Authors: Suo Jinlong , Feng Xue , Li Jiayi , Wang Jinghui , Wang Zuoyun , Zhang Lei , Zou Weiguo
Published: October 2020

VGLL4 relieves TEADs-mediated RUNX2 transcriptional inhibition by impairing TEADs-RUNX2 interaction.
A shared neural substrate for action verbs and observed actions in human posterior parietal cortex
Authors: Aflalo T. , Zhang C. Y. , Rosario E. R. , Pouratian N. , Orban G. A. , Andersen R. A.
Published: October 2020

A shared neural substrate for action verbs and visually observed actions suggests sensory-motor contributions to language meaning.
Sexual dimorphism in the meiotic requirement for PRDM9: A mammalian evolutionary safeguard
Authors: Powers Natalie R. , Dumont Beth L. , Emori Chihiro , Lawal Raman Akinyanju , Brunton Catherine , Paigen Kenneth , Handel Mary Ann , Bolcun-Filas Ewelina , Petkov Petko M. , Bhattacharyya Tanmoy
Published: October 2020

Sex-specific modulation of a meiotic DNA damage checkpoint limits the requirement for PRDM9 in mammalian fertility.
Supramolecular nanosubstrate–mediated delivery system enables CRISPR-Cas9 knockin of hemoglobin beta gene for hemoglobinopathies
Authors: Yang Peng , Chou Shih-Jie , Li Jindian , Hui Wenqiao , Liu Wenfei , Sun Na , Zhang Ryan Y. , Zhu Yazhen , Tsai Ming-Long , Lai Henkie I. , Smalley Matthew , Zhang Xinyue , Chen Jiayuan , Romero Zulema , Liu Dahai , Ke Zunfu , Zou Chang , Lee Chin-Fa , Jonas Steven J. , Ban Qian , Weiss Paul S. , Kohn Donald B. , Chen Kai , Chiou Shih-Hwa , Tseng Hsian-Rong
Published: October 2020

CRISPR-Cas9 knockin of the HBB gene paves the way for a general therapeutic solution for treating hemoglobinopathies.
Versatile phenotype-activated cell sorting
Authors: Lee Jihwan , Liu Zhuohe , Suzuki Peter H. , Ahrens John F. , Lai Shujuan , Lu Xiaoyu , Guan Sihui , St-Pierre François
Published: October 2020

Versatile high-throughput method can isolate single cells based on spatiotemporal phenotypes.
Reaction of H
2
with mitochondria-relevant metabolites using a multifunctional molecular catalyst
Authors: Yoshioka Shota , Nimura Sota , Naruto Masayuki , Saito Susumu
Published: October 2020

Iridium complexes remove H
2
O from and deliver electrons (hydrogen atoms) to Krebs-cycle metabolites to make them energy-rich.
Mechanistic basis of oxygen sensitivity in titanium
Authors: Chong Yan , Poschmann Max , Zhang Ruopeng , Zhao Shiteng , Hooshmand Mohammad S. , Rothchild Eric , Olmsted David L. , Morris J. W. , Chrzan Daryl C. , Asta Mark , Minor Andrew M.
Published: October 2020

A systematic study of Ti-O alloys reveals the mechanism behind acute oxygen sensitivity in titanium.
Observation of nonreciprocal magnetophonon effect in nonencapsulated few-layered CrI
3
Authors: Liu Zhen , Guo Kai , Hu Guangwei , Shi Zhongtai , Li Yue , Zhang Linbo , Chen Haiyan , Zhang Li , Zhou Peiheng , Lu Haipeng , Lin Miao-Ling , Liu Sizhao , Cheng Yingchun , Liu Xue Lu , Xie Jianliang , Bi Lei , Tan Ping-Heng , Deng Longjiang , Qiu Cheng-Wei , Peng Bo
Published: October 2020

A new nonreciprocal magnetophonon Raman scattering effect is found in two-dimensional ferromagnetic few-layer CrI
3
.
Discovery and mechanism of a pH-dependent dual-binding-site switch in the interaction of a pair of protein modules
Authors: Yao Xingzhe , Chen Chao , Wang Yefei , Dong Sheng , Liu Ya-Jun , Li Yifei , Cui Zhenling , Gong Weibin , Perrett Sarah , Yao Lishan , Lamed Raphael , Bayer Edward A. , Cui Qiu , Feng Yingang
Published: October 2020

A pH-dependent dual-binding-site switch in a pair of protein modules is discovered, and the molecular mechanism is elucidated.
Itaconate controls the severity of pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Ogger Patricia P. , Albers Gesa J. , Hewitt Richard J. , O’Sullivan Brendan J. , Powell Joseph E. , Calamita Emily , Ghai Poonam , Walker Simone A. , McErlean Peter , Saunders Peter , Kingston Shaun , Molyneaux Philip L. , Halket John M. , Gray Robert , Chambers Daniel C. , Maher Toby M. , Lloyd Clare M. , Byrne Adam J.
Published: October 2020

The ACOD1/itaconate axis is a pulmonary regulatory pathway that controls the severity of fibrosis and is a potential therapeutic target in IPF.
Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Delamanid in Patients with Pulmonary Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis
Authors: Wang Xiaofeng , Mallikaarjun Suresh , Gibiansky Ekaterina
Published: October 2020

A population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model of delamanid in patients with pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) was developed using data from four delamanid clinical trials. The final PopPK data set contained 20,483 plasma samples from 744 patients with MDR-TB receiving an optimized background regimen (OBR). Delamanid PK was adequately described for all observed dosing regimens and subpopulations by a two-compartment model with first-order elimination and absorption, an absorption lag time, and decreased relative bioavailability with increasing dose.
Trauma Resuscitation Using in situ Simulation Team Training (TRUST) study: latent safety threat evaluation using framework analysis and video review
Authors: Petrosoniak Andrew , Fan Mark , Hicks Christopher M , White Kari , McGowan Melissa , Campbell Doug , Trbovich Patricia
Published: October 2020

Introduction

Trauma resuscitation is a complex and time-sensitive endeavour with significant risk for error. These errors can manifest from sequential system, team and knowledge-based failures, defined as latent safety threats (LSTs). In situ simulation (ISS) provides a novel prospective approach to recreate clinical situations that may manifest LSTs. Using ISS coupled with a human factors-based video review and modified framework analysis, we sought to identify and quantify LSTs within trauma resuscitation scenarios.

Methods

At a level 1 trauma centre, we video recorded 12 monthly unannounced ISS to prospectively identify trauma-related LSTs. The on-call multidisciplinary trauma team participated in the study. Using a modified framework analysis, human factors experts transcribed and coded the videos. We identified LST events, categorised them into themes and subthemes and used a hazard matrix to prioritise subthemes requiring intervention.

Results

We identified 843 LST events during 12 simulations, categorised into seven themes and 38 subthemes, of which 23 are considered critical. The seven themes relate to physical workspace, mental model formation, equipment, unclear accountability, demands exceeding individuals’ capacity, infection control and task-specific issues. The physical workspace theme accounted for the largest number of critical LST events (n=152). We observed differences in LST events across the four scenarios; complex scenarios had more LST events.

Conclusions

We identified a diverse set of critical LSTs during trauma resuscitations using ISS coupled with video-based framework analysis. The hazard matrix scoring, in combination with detailed LST subthemes, supported identification of critical LSTs requiring intervention and enhanced efforts intended to improve patient safety. This approach may be useful to others who seek to understand the contributing factors to common LSTs and design interventions to mitigate them.
Effect of an early mobilisation programme on pain intensity after laparoscopic surgery: a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Dehghani Azam , Hajibagheri Ali , Azizi-Fini Ismail , Atoof Fatemeh , Mousavi Noushin
Published: October 2020

Background

Pain is a common complication after laparoscopic surgery. This study aimed to examine the effect of an early mobilisation programme on postoperative pain intensity after laparoscopic surgery.

Methods

A randomised controlled clinical trial was conducted on 80 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan, Iran. The patients were randomly allocated to intervention (n=40) and a control (n=40) group. In the intervention group, an early mobilisation programme was implemented in two rounds. The patient’s perceived pain was assessed using a Visual Analogue Scale 15 min before and 30 min after each round of early mobilisation. Data were analysed through the independent samples t, χ2and Fisher’s exact tests and the repeated measures analysis.

Results

The repeated measures analysis showed that the mean pain scores have been decreased over time (F=98.88, p<0.001). Considering the observed interaction between time and the intervention, the t test was used for pairwise comparisons and showed that the mean pain score was not significantly different between the two groups in 15 min before the first round of early mobilisation (p=0.95). However, the mean pain in the intervention group was significantly less than the control group in all subsequent measurements (p<0.05).

Conclusion

Early mobilisation programmes such as the one implemented in the current study are easy and inexpensive and can be implemented safely for the reduction of pain after laparoscopic surgeries.
BET 2: Is virtual reality effective in reducing adult pain perception during medical procedures?
Authors: Olejnik Laura , Thach Terry
Published: October 2020

A short-cut review of the available medical literature was carried out to establish whether virtual reality was an effective method for pain control during medical procedures. After abstract review, fifteen papers were found to answer this clinical question. The author, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes, results and study weaknesses of these papers are tabulated. It is concluded that there is insufficient high-quality research to answer this question.
Low expression of DDX5 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Morimachi Masashi , Hirabayashi Kenichi , Takanashi Yumi , Kawanishi Aya , Saika Tsubasa , Ueyama Yumiko , Nakagohri Toshio , Nakamura Naoya , Suzuki Hidekazu , Kagawa Tatehiro
Published: October 2020

Aims

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most fatal malignancies. Hence, there is a need for new markers and treatment strategies. P68/DEAD box protein 5 (DDX5) is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase of the DEAD box protein family. It is a prognostic marker for several cancers. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the expression and clinical relevance of DDX5 in PDAC.

Methods

DDX5 expression in tissue microarray blocks containing 230 PDAC samples was examined using immunohistochemical analysis. DDX5 expression was considered high when more than 50% of the cells were stained and low when less than 50% of the cells were stained. We investigated the association between DDX5 expression and clinicopathological parameters, including patient survival.

Results

The nuclei of normal pancreatic ducts, normal acinar cells and PDAC cells were stained positive for DDX5 although the intensity and distribution of DDX5 expression varied. Islet cells showed strong and diffuse staining of DDX5. DDX5 expression was low and high in 148 (64.3%) and 82 cases (35.7%), respectively. Low DDX5 expression was significantly associated with an advanced pT factor (pT2–pT3: tumour size,>20 mm), lymphatic involvement, advanced tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) stage (stages IIB, III, and IV), and venous involvement. In addition, the multivariate analysis revealed that DDX5 expression is an independent prognostic factor for PDAC.

Conclusion

These results suggest that DDX5 plays an important role in tumour invasiveness and PDAC prognosis.
Location of intracranial aneurysms is the main factor associated with rupture in the ICAN population
Authors: Rousseau Olivia , Karakachoff Matilde , Gaignard Alban , Bellanger Lise , Bijlenga Philippe , Constant Dit Beaufils Pacôme , L'Allinec Vincent , Levrier Olivier , Aguettaz Pierre , Desilles Jean-Philippe , Michelozzi Caterina , Marnat Gaultier , Vion Anne-Clémence , Loirand Gervaise , Desal Hubert , Redon Richard , Gourraud Pierre-Antoine , Bourcier Romain
Published: October 2020

Background and purpose

The ever-growing availability of imaging led to increasing incidentally discovered unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs). We leveraged machine-learning techniques and advanced statistical methods to provide new insights into rupture intracranial aneurysm (RIA) risks.

Methods

We analysed the characteristics of 2505 patients with intracranial aneurysms (IA) discovered between 2016 and 2019. Baseline characteristics, familial history of IA, tobacco and alcohol consumption, pharmacological treatments before the IA diagnosis, cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities, headaches, allergy and atopy, IA location, absolute IA size and adjusted size ratio (aSR) were analysed with a multivariable logistic regression (MLR) model. A random forest (RF) method globally assessed the risk factors and evaluated the predictive capacity of a multivariate model.

Results

Among 994 patients with RIA (39.7%) and 1511 patients with UIA (60.3 %), the MLR showed that IA location appeared to be the most significant factor associated with RIA (OR, 95% CI: internal carotid artery, reference; middle cerebral artery, 2.72, 2.02–3.58; anterior cerebral artery, 4.99, 3.61–6.92; posterior circulation arteries, 6.05, 4.41–8.33). Size and aSR were not significant factors associated with RIA in the MLR model and antiplatelet-treatment intake patients were less likely to have RIA (OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.55–0.98). IA location, age, following by aSR were the best predictors of RIA using the RF model.

Conclusions

The location of IA is the most consistent parameter associated with RIA. The use of ‘artificial intelligence’ RF helps to re-evaluate the contribution and selection of each risk factor in the multivariate model.
Respiratory traits and coal workers’ pneumoconiosis: Mendelian randomisation and association analysis
Authors: Wang Ting , Sun Wenqing , Wu Hongyan , Cheng Yuxin , Li Yan , Meng Fanqing , Ni Chunhui
Published: October 2020

Objectives

Susceptibility loci of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were also significantly associated with the predisposition of coal worker’s pneumoconiosis (CWP) in recent studies. However, only a few genes and loci were targeted in previous studies.

Methods

To systematically evaluate the genetic associations between CWP and other respiratory traits, we reviewed the reported genome-wide association study loci of five respiratory traits and then conducted a Mendelian randomisation study and a two-stage genetic association study.

Results

Interestingly, we found that for each SD unit, higher lung function was associated with a 66% lower risk of CWP (OR=0.34, 95% CI: 0.15 to 0.77, p=0.010) using conventional Mendelian randomisation analysis (inverse variance weighted method). Moreover, we found susceptibility loci of interstitial lung disease (rs2609255, OR=1.29, p=1.61×10−4) and lung function (rs4651005, OR=1.39, p=1.62×10−3; rs985256, OR=0.73, p=8.24×10−4 and rs6539952, OR=1.28, p=4.32×10−4) were also significantly associated with the risk of CWP. Functional annotation showed these variants were significantly associated with the expression of FAM13A (rs2609255, p=7.4 ×10−4), ANGPTL1 (rs4651005, p=5.4 ×10−7), SPATS2L (rs985256, p=1.1 ×10−5) and RP11-463O9.9 (rs6539952, p=7.1 ×10−6) in normal lung tissues, which were related to autophagy pathway simultaneously according to enrichment analysis.

Conclusions

These results provided a deeper understanding of the genetic predisposition basis of CWP.
Combining transcranial direct current stimulation with aerobic exercise to optimize cortical priming in stroke
Authors: Sivaramakrishnan Anjali , Madhavan Sangeetha
Published: October 2020

Aerobic exercise (AE) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are priming techniques that have been studied for their potential neuromodulatory effects on corticomotor excitability (CME); however, the synergistic effects of AE and tDCS are not explored in stroke. Here we investigated the synergistic effects of AE and tDCS on CME, intracortical and transcallosal inhibition, and motor control for the lower limb in stroke. Twenty-six stroke survivors participated in 3 sessions: tDCS, AE, and AE+tDCS. AE included moderate-intensity exercise and tDCS included 1 mA of anodal tDCS to the lower limb motor cortex with or without AE. Outcomes included measures of CME, short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), ipsilateral silent period (iSP) (an index of transcallosal inhibition) for the tibialis anterior, and ankle reaction time. Ipsilesional CME significantly decreased for AE compared with AE+tDCS and tDCS. No differences were noted in SICI, iSP measures, or reaction time between all 3 sessions. Our findings suggest that a combination of exercise and tDCS, and tDCS demonstrate greater excitability of the ipsilesional hemisphere compared with exercise only; however, these effects were specific to the descending corticomotor pathways. No additive priming effects of exercise and tDCS over tDCS was observed.

Novelty: An exercise and tDCS paradigm upregulated the descending motor pathways from the ipsilesional lower limb primary motor cortex compared with exercise. Exercise or tDCS administered alone or in combination did not affect intracortical or transcallosal inhibition or reaction time.
Speed of sound gradients due to summer thermal stratification can reduce the detection range of acoustic fish tags: results from a field study in Hamilton Harbour, Ontario
Authors: Wells Mathew G. , Li Jingzhi , Flood Bryan , Kuai Yulong , Brooks Jill L. , Cooke Steven J. , Semcesen Patricia , Midwood Jonathan D.
Published: October 2020

Understanding detection range is a key factor for the use of acoustic telemetry in fisheries research. Lakes have strong seasonal changes in thermal stratification, as well as short-term changes due to internal seiches. These thermal gradients in lakes imply strong sound-speed gradients that can refract and diverge acoustic signals, leading to acoustic attenuation and smaller detection range. Using field-based range testing and the Bellhop acoustic model, we investigated how changes in stratification lead to changes in detection range within Hamilton Harbour, Ontario, Canada. During the summer stratified period, the detection range was less than 350 m, whereas in the isothermal fall, range was up to 500 m. Range test data from three separate field observations showed a good correlation with Bellhop predictions. Owing to the intense internal seiches in Hamilton Harbour, the stratification in the shallower littoral regions essentially switched between stratified and isothermal conditions over short timescales, which is predicted to lead to high temporal variability in detection range that must be accounted for during the analysis and interpretation of telemetry-derived data.
The cosmological behavior and the statefinder diagnosis for the New Tsallis agegraphic dark energy
Authors: Sharma Umesh Kumar , Srivastava Shikha
Published: October 2020

In this work, we have considered the recently proposed new Tsallis agegraphic dark energy (NTADE) model [Mod. Phys. Lett. A 34, 1950086 (2019)] within the framework of a flat Friedmann–Robertson–Walker (FRW) Universe by taking various values of the parameter [Formula: see text]. The NTADE model shows the current phase transition of the Universe from decelerated to accelerated phase. The NTADE equation of state (EoS) parameter shows a rich behavior as it can be quintessence-like or phantom-like depending on the value of [Formula: see text]. For discriminating the NTADE model from [Formula: see text]CDM, we have plotted the statefinder parameters [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] pair. The NTADE model shows distinct evolutionary trajectories of their evolution in ([Formula: see text]) and ([Formula: see text]) plane. An analysis using the snap parameter and the [Formula: see text] pair dynamical analysis have also been performed.
Thermal Management for FPGA Nodes in HPC Systems
Authors: Luo Yingyi , Zhao Joshua C. , Aggarwal Arnav , Ogrenci-Memik Seda , Yoshii Kazutomo
Published: October 2020

The integration of FPGAs into large-scale computing systems is gaining attention. In these systems, real-time data handling for networking, tasks for scientific computing, and machine learning can be executed with customized datapaths on reconfigurable fabric within heterogeneous compute nodes. At the same time, thermal management, particularly battling the cooling cost and guaranteeing the reliability, is a continuing concern. The introduction of new heterogeneous components into HPC nodes only adds further complexities to thermal modeling and management. The thermal behavior of multi-FPGA systems deployed within large compute clusters is less explored. In this article, we first show that the thermal behaviors of different FPGAs of the same generation can vary due to their physical locations in a rack and process variation, even though they are running the same tasks. We present a machine learning–based model to capture the thermal behavior of each individual FPGA in the cluster. We then propose two thermal management strategies guided by our thermal model. First, we mitigate thermal variation and hotspots across the cluster by proactive thermal-aware task placement. Under the tested system and benchmarks, we achieve up to 26.4° C and on average 13.3° C system temperature reduction with no performance penalty. Second, we utilize this thermal model to guide HLS parameter tuning at the task design stage to achieve improved thermal response after deployment.
Rapid measurement of cardiac neuropeptide dynamics by capacitive immunoprobe in the porcine heart
Authors: Kluge Nicholas , Dacey Michael , Hadaya Joseph , Shivkumar Kalyanam , Chan Shyue-An , Ardell Jeffrey L. , Smith Corey
Published: October 2020

The sympathetic nervous system regulates cardiac function through release of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides within the myocardium. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) acts as an acute cardiac vasoconstrictor and chronically to regulate angiogenesis and cardiac remodeling. Current methodologies for the measure of NPY are not capable of providing rapid readouts on a single-sample basis. Here we provide the first in vivo methodology to report dynamic, localized NPY levels within both myocardium and vascular compartments in a beating heart.
Micro/Nanoscale Study on the Effect of Aging on the Performance of Crumb Rubber Modified Asphalt
Authors: Wang Lan , Liu Yang , Zhang Le
Published: October 2020

In order to explore the variation of crumb rubber modified asphalt (CR) before and after aging at the micro- and nanoscales, the molecular dynamics simulation and atomic force microscopy (AFM) asphalt microstructure scanning were carried out on CR before and after aging. The molecular dynamics energy, radial distribution function (RDF), surface microstructure image, roughness, and other test results of the CR before and after aging were compared and analyzed. The results show that the molecular dynamic energy of the CR after aging increases; the asphaltene-asphaltene RDF is decreased after aging; and the AFM surface microstructure images of asphalt before and after aging do not change significantly, but quantitative analysis by roughness theory shows that aging makes the microscopic surface of the CR more uniform and gentle. By analyzing the changes of asphalt properties before and after aging at two scales, it can be found that there is a certain relationship between the properties obtained at different scales. The reasons and mechanisms for the influence of microstructure on aging are obtained by analyzing this relationship.
Carbon Nanomaterials in the Treatment of Infectious Bone Defects and Wound Scars after Wushu Fractures
Authors: Wei Shenghui , Zou Lei , Hu Xu , Li Qiuming
Published: October 2020

Although modern antibiotics and surgical technology have made great progress, when using carbon nanomaterials to treat bone marrow-induced inflammation after martial arts fractures, how to simultaneously repair bone defects and control wound infections is the current focus of orthopedics research. This paper uses electrospinning technology to develop a carbon nanomaterial based on PLA, HA-g-PLA, and vancomycin. The surface morphology, biocompatibility, drug release, and osteogenesis of carbon nanomaterials are studied, selecting animal models to verify its effect in the treatment of osteomyelitis with bone defects and provide new ideas and new methods for the treatment of bone defects complicated by osteomyelitis infection. In this paper, carbon nanofibers containing doxycycline, a small molecule protease inhibitor, were prepared by simple blending. Encapsulation of carbon nanofibers can control the slow release of doxycycline and improve the effect of doxycycline in treating chronic wounds. This article uses two methods to prepare different types of osteomyelitis models and compare them. After injecting saline or bacterial solution, the two groups were sealed with bone wax and the incision was closed; the blank group did not do any treatment. Within 30 days after surgery, the appearance of the left hind limb wound and general signs of infection were closely monitored, body temperature was measured, and blood was collected from the ear veins of experimental animals to analyze the changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin levels (PCT); X-ray, CT imaging, and histological observation were performed on 14 and 28 days. Studies have shown that when the drug loading of doxycycline increases from 10% to 15%, this is related to the change in properties of the polylactic acid fiber membrane from hydrophobic to hydrophilic caused by the increase in doxycycline drug loading.
Effects of Different Harvest Times on Nutritional Component of Herbaceous Peony Flower Petals
Authors: Li Weixing , Song Xiaomei , Hua Yanmin , Tao Jun , Zhou Chunhua
Published: October 2020

Herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) flowers can be used as edible flowers, but few studies concerned about their edible values and the optimal harvest season. In this study, petals of three herbaceous peony cultivars including “Dafugui,” “Hongyan Zhenghui,” and “Yangfei Chuyu” at four different development stages were used as materials to measure the content of soluble sugar, organic acid, protein, vitamin C (Vc), total phenolics, total flavonoids, mineral elements, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, with the aim to understand the variation tendency of the nutritional ingredients and bioactive components in herbaceous peony flower petals during development and to determine the optimal harvest time for herbaceous peony flowers with better edible qualities. The results demonstrated that the content of individual nutritional and bioactive components was varied with cultivars and developmental stages. The soluble sugar content was 63.69–225.97 mg/g FW, organic acid 10.13–24.60 mg/g FW, soluble protein 9.83–39.17 mg/g FW, Vc 12.31–33.52 mg/100 g FW, total phenolics 83.23–136.19 mg/g DW, total flavonoids 10.20–24.98 mg/g DW, and SOD activity 62.92–284.09 U/g FW. For mineral elements, the content of Na, Mg, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Ni, and Zn was 20.96–65.51 μg/g DW, 810.85–1342.36 μg/g DW, 6723.68–12253.63 μg/g DW, 848.67–3038.46 μg/g DW, 1.14–8.44 μg/g DW, 48.70–149.72 μg/g DW, 1.20–2.17 μg/g DW, and 16.69–25.50 μg/g DW, respectively. The content of soluble sugar, protein, total flavonoids, and SOD activity in flower petals was the highest, and the content of organic acid was the lowest at the full bloom period (S3) for all three cultivars, while the highest Vc and total phenolics were at the early bloom stage (S2) and flower bud stage (S1), respectively. In conclusion, it is recommended to harvest herbaceous peony flowers at S3 with the best edible quality considering nutrients and bioactive components.
Dynamics and Complexity Analysis of Fractional-Order Chaotic Systems with Line Equilibrium Based on Adomian Decomposition
Authors: Chen Heng , Lei Tengfei , Lu Su , Dai WenPeng , Qiu Lijun , Zhong Lin
Published: October 2020

In this paper, the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) is applied to solve the fractional-order system with line equilibrium. The dynamics of the system is analyzed by means of the Lyapunov exponent spectrum, bifurcations, chaotic attractor, and largest Lyapunov exponent diagram. At the same time, through the Lyapunov exponent spectrum and bifurcation graph of the system under the change of the initial value, the influence of fractional order q on the system state can be observed. That is, integer-order systems do not have the phenomenon of attractors coexistence, while fractional-order systems have it.
Knowledge towards Prevention and Early Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease and Associated Factors among Hypertensive Patients at a Chronic Illness Clinic of Jimma Town Public Hospitals
Authors: Tegegne Belachew , Demeke Tigist , Amme Shemsedin , Edmealem Afework , Ademe Sewunet
Published: October 2020

Background. Morbidity and mortality due to chronic kidney disease are increasing among hypertensive patients in Sub‐Saharan Africa. The majority of hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease are not diagnosed at an early stage because of poor knowledge. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no study conducted in Ethiopia about knowledge of hypertensive patients towards prevention and early detection of chronic kidney disease. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess knowledge towards prevention and early detection of chronic kidney disease and associated factors among hypertensive patients at Jimma town public hospitals, Ethiopia. Methods. A hospital‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted among 332 hypertensive patients using an interviewer‐administered questionnaire and medical record reviewing from April 5 to May 21, 2019. Study participants were selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected by using a standardized questionnaire. Data were entered into Epidata version 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS version 23. Descriptive statistics and bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were applied. To identify factors, a 95% confidence level and P value of less than 0.05 were considered. Results. Over half (59.6%) were males, and the mean (±SD) age of participants was 54.92 (12.91) years. Among the total participants, more than half of them (47.9%) had good knowledge. Attending secondary education (AOR = 2.9, P = 0.014), higher education (AOR = 5.4, P = 0.001), working in private sectors (AOR = 4.3, P = 0.001), taking three and above drugs per day (AOR = 0.55, P = 0.016), and having a family history of kidney disease (AOR = 2.3, P = 0.012) were significantly associated with knowledge. Conclusion and Recommendation. Near to half of the study participants had good knowledge towards prevention and early detection of chronic kidney disease. Attending secondary education and above, working in private sectors, taking three and above drugs per day, and having a family history of kidney disease were independent predictors of knowledge. Hypertensive patients should be encouraged to be aware of risk factors of CKD, and health care providers should educate hypertensive patients about the prevention and early detection of chronic kidney disease.
Automatic Garbage Scattered Area Detection with Data Augmentation and Transfer Learning in SUAV Low-Altitude Remote Sensing Images
Authors: You Tengfei , Chen Weiyang , Wang Haifeng , Yang Yang , Liu Xinang
Published: October 2020

Cleaning up the garbage timely plays an important role in protecting the ecological environment of nature reserves. The traditional approach adopts manual patrol and centralized cleaning to clean up garbage, which is inefficient. In order to protect the ecological environment of nature reserves, this paper proposes an automatic garbage scattered area detection (GSAD) model based on the state-of-the-art deep learning EfficientDet method, transfer learning, data augmentation, and image blocking. The main contributions of this paper are (1) we build a garbage sample dataset based on small unmanned aerial vehicle (SUAV) low-altitude remote sensing and (2) we propose a novel data augmentation approach based on garbage scattered area detection and (3) this paper establishes a model (GSAD) for garbage scattered area detection based on data augmentation, transfer learning, and image blocking and gives future research directions. Experimental results show that the GSAD model can achieve the F1-score of 95.11% and average detection time of 1.096 s.
A Supplier Selection Model for a Wholesaler and Retailer Company Based on FITradeoff Multicriteria Method
Authors: Manuele dos Santos Inêz , Reis Peixoto Roselli Lucia , Luiz Gomes da Silva André , Hazin Alencar Luciana
Published: October 2020

The problem approached is regarding supplier selection in a wholesaler and retailer of the construction sector. The current approach used in the company analyzed for the supplier selection problem is unable to evaluate the many issues that the company considers must be addressed. Thus, the Flexible and Interactive Tradeoff (FITradeoff) ranking method was chosen to deal with this problem. It seeks to elicit criteria weights in a decision problem, using partial information about the decision maker's (DM’s) preferences in order to choose the most attractive alternative, based on the ranking of the suppliers provided. Based on the Hasse diagram developed when applying the method, the DM makes some observations regarding the suppliers' positions in the ranking. Bar graphics and radar graphics were also used and these enable the DM to evaluate each supplier better. It was perceived that the method is applicable and well accepted by the DM. The graphic part helps the DM in understanding the analysis of the problem, offering no barriers to proceed with the tradeoff. Thus, for this situation of selecting a supplier in a wholesaler and retailer of the construction sector, the DM felt comfortable with the proposed approach using the FITradeoff multicriteria ranking method and with the results presented, and the proposed approach is shown to be adequate.
Changes in Extreme Precipitation in the Mekong Basin
Authors: Liu Lu , Bai Peng , Liu Changming , Tian Wei , Liang Kang
Published: October 2020

Extreme precipitation events can trigger many natural disasters like floods, mudslides, and landslides. Understanding historical changes in extreme precipitation is critical for disaster prevention and risk assessment. The Mekong River Basin (MB) is vulnerable to natural disasters related to extreme precipitation. In the past ten years, the MB has experienced some destructive extreme precipitation events. Our concern is whether the historical extreme precipitation events in the MB have increased in a warming climate. This study investigates the spatiotemporal changes in extreme precipitation in the MB from 1951 to 2015 using a high-quality precipitation product and eight indices of extreme precipitation. These indices consistently indicate that the trend in extreme precipitation in the Upper Mekong Basin (UMB) is opposite to that in the Lower Mekong Basin (LMB). Extreme precipitation has generally decreased in the UMB but increased in the LMB. The areas with significant increasing extreme precipitation are mainly located in Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia. The areas with a statistically significant decline in extreme precipitation primarily occur in the Lancang (China’s section of the Mekong river) and Thailand. Also, the magnitude of changes in extreme precipitation is significantly larger in the LMB than that in the UMB, which potentially increases flooding risks in the LMB. The findings from this study are useful for guiding disaster-prevention efforts in the MB.