bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect Of Diesel Fuel Pollution On The Lipid Composition Of Some Wide-Spread Black Sea Algae And Invertebrates
Authors: Nechev Jordan T. , Khotimchenko Svetlana V. , Ivanova Albena P. , Stefanov Kamen L. , Dimitrova-Konaklieva Stefka D. , Andreev Stoitse , Popov Simeon S.
Published: February 2015

Two green algae (Ulva rigida and Cladophora coelothrix), the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and the snail Rapana thomasiana from the Bulgarian Black Sea shore have been treated with diesel fuel (100 mg l-1) in an aquarium with sea-water for three days. The lipids and their fatty acid changes have been examined. Significant changes have been observed mainly in the polar lipids and in the saturation of the fatty acids. These changes appeared to be bigger in the evolutionary less advanced species from both groups of marine organisms D algae and invertebrates (Ulva rigida and Mytilus galloprovincialis respectively). The data obtained could be used for a biomonitoring of the pollution
Antiplasmodial Activities Of Sesquiterpene Lactones From Eupatorium Semialatum
Authors: Lang Günter , Passreiter Claus M. , Wright Colin W. , Filipowicz Natalia H. , Addae-Kyereme Jonathan , Medinilla Beatriz E. , Castillo Juan-Jose
Published: February 2015

Eupatorium semialatum is a member of the Asteraceae, which occurs in Guatemala. Previously, we reported the occurrence of sesquiterpene lactones of the eudesmanolide type as main constituents in the leaves. This paper deals with the isolation and identification of the first guaianolide found in E. semialatum. Since this plant is used against malaria and other diseases in the Guatemalan folk medicine, the main sesquiterpene lactones were tested for their activities against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro
Antifungal Garcinia Acid Esters From The Fruits Of Garcinia Atroviridis
Authors: Mackeen Mukram M. , Ali Abdul Manaf , Lajis Nordin Hj. , Kawazu Kazuyoshi , Kikuzaki Hiroe , Nakatani Nobuji
Published: February 2015

Two new garcinia acid derivatives, 2-(butoxycarbonylmethyl)-3-butoxycarbonyl-2-hydroxy- 3-propanolide and 1′,1′-dibutyl methyl hydroxycitrate, were isolated from the fruits of Garcinia atroviridis guided by TLC bioautography against the fungus Cladosporium herbarum. The structures of these compounds were established by spectral analysis. The former compound represents a unique β-lactone structure and the latter compound is most likely an artefact of garcinia acid (= hydroxycitric acid). Both compounds showed selective antifungal activity comparable to that of cycloheximide (MID: 0.5 μg/spot) only against C. herbarum at the MIDs of 0.4 and 0.8 μg/spot but were inactive against bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli), other fungi (Alternaria sp., Fusarium moniliforme and Aspergillus ochraceous) including the yeast Candida albicans
A New Prenylisoflavone from Ulex jussiaei
Authors: Máximoa Patrícia , Lourenço Ana , Savluchinske Feio Sónia , Roseiro José Carlos
Published: February 2015

A new naturally occurring isoflavone, derrone, was isolated from Ulex jussiaei (Leguminosae) together with the isoflavones ulexins A-C, lupalbigenin, isolupalbigenin, 7-O-methylisolupalbigenin, isoderrone, ulexone A and isochandalone, the pterocarpans (6aR,11aR)-(-)- maackiain, (6aR,11aR)-(-)-2-methoxymaackiain and (6aR,11aR)-(-)-4-methoxymaackiain, the chalcone 4-hydroxylonchocarpine and the dihydrochalcone crotaramosmine. The antifungal activity of the new compound was tested by a bioautographic method against Cladosporium cucumerinum, and as expected from structural features it proved to have no activity.
Racemochrysone, a Dihydroanthracenone from Senna racemosa
Authors: Mena-Rejóna Gonzalo J. , Pérez-Rivas Karla , Sansorez-Peraza Pablo , Rios Tirso , Quijano Leovigildo
Published: February 2015

From the hexane extract of the bark of the stems of Senna racemosa (syn. Cassia racemosa) a new dihydroanthracenone derivative, named racemochrysone, was isolated. Its structure was established as 8,9-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-2,2,6-trimethyl-(2H)-anthracen-1-one based on spectroscopical data, mainly 1D and 2D NMR experiments. In addition β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, chrysophanol and physcion were obtained. From the leaves extracts the piperidine alkaloid cassine and the hexitol pinitol were obtained.
Alkaloids from the Roots of Senecio macedonicus Griseb
Authors: Christov Veselin , Mikhova Bozhanka , Alexandrova Radostina , Dimitrova Daniela , Nikolova Elena , Evstatieva Liuba
Published: February 2015

The new alkaloids 7-,9-diangeloylplatynecine (1) and 8-episarracine N-oxide (2), were isolated and identified from the roots of Senecio macedonicus. Another one, 8-epineosarracine was detected by GC/MS analyses of the crude alkaloid mixture. The cytotoxicity and biological activity of the alkaloids were tested on normal murine spleen lymphocytes and P3U1 mouse myeloma.
Chloroacetamides Affect the Plasma Membrane
Authors: Matthes Bernd , Böger Peter
Published: February 2015

In the present study membrane fatty acids were analyzed to find a link between the biosynthesis inhibition of very-long-chain fatty acids and the phytotoxic effects of herbicidal chloroacetamides. Accordingly,we have isolated membranes of cucumber seedlings (Cucumis sativus) by two-phase partitioning and analyzed their fatty acid content. Saturated VLCFAs ranging from C20 to C26 were found in high amounts (22%) in the plasma membrane fraction. Nonmodified VLCFAs were predominantly present in phospholipids, while saturated 2-hydroxylated VLCFAs were identified in cerebrosides. Treatment of intact seedlings with chloroacetamides markedly reduced the VLCFA content in the plasma membrane. This result could be specified by fatty-acid labeling using [14C]malonate as a substrate for fatty acid elongation. De novo incorporation of VLCFAs into the plasma membrane and into microsomal membranes, respectively, was severely impaired by chloroacetamides with I50 values between 10 to 100 nm. These results confirm the previous finding that chloroacetamides inhibit VLCFA biosynthesis localized in the microsomes (Böger et al., Pest Manage. Sci. 56, 497D508, 2000). The direct consequence of this inhibition is a strong decrease of VLCFAs required as constituents of the plasma membrane and the substitution by shorter acyl chains. Apparently, physical properties and function of the plasma membrane are affected eventually leading to death of the plant.
An Ectonucleotide ATP-diphosphohydrolase Activity in Trichomonas vaginalis Stimulated by Galactose and Its Possible Role in Virulence
Authors: Jesus José Batista de , Sá Pinheiroa Ana Acacia de , Lopes Angela H. C. S. , Meyer-Fernandesa José Roberto
Published: February 2015

This work describes the ability of living Trichomonas vaginalis to hydrolyze extracellular ATP (164.0 ± 13.9 nmol Pi / h × 107 cells). This ecto-enzyme was stimulated by ZnCl2, CaCl2 and MgCl2, was insensitive to several ATPase and phosphatase inhibitors and was able to hydrolyze several nucleotides besides ATP. The activity was linear with cell density and with time for at least 60 min. The optimum pH for the T. vaginalis ecto-ATPase lies in the alkaline range. ᴅ-galactose, known to be involved in adhesion of T. vaginalis to host cells, stimulated this enzyme by more than 90%. A comparison between two strains of T. vaginalis showed that the ecto-ATPase activity of a fresh isolate was twice as much as that of a strain axenically maintained in culture, through daily passages, for several years. The results suggest a possible role for this ecto-ATPase in adhesion of T. vaginalis to host cells and in its pathogenicity.
The Local Anesthetic Proparacaine Modifies Sodium Transport in Toad Skin and Perturbs the Structures of Model and Cell Membranes
Authors: Suwalsky Mario , Schneider Carlos , Norris Beryl , Villena Fernando , Cárdenas Hernán , Cuevas Francisco , Sotomayor Carlos P.
Published: February 2015

Experimental results indicate a significant decrease in the potential difference (PD) and in the short-circuit current (Isc) after the application of proparacaine to isolated toad skin, which may reflect an inhibition of the active transport of ions. This finding was explained on the basis of the results obtained from membrane models incubated with proparacaine. These consisted of human erythrocytes, isolated unsealed human erythrocyte membranes (IUM), phospholipid multilayers built-up of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and dimyristoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DMPE), representatives of phospholipid classes located in the outer and inner monolayers of the human erythrocyte membrane, respectively, and in large unilamellar vesicles (LUV) of DMPC. X-ray diffraction showed that proparacaine interaction with DMPC and DMPE bilayers perturbed both structures, especially DMPC. This result, confirmed by fluorescence spectroscopy of DMPC LUV at 18 °C, demonstrated that the local anesthetic (LA) could interact with the lipid moiety of cell membranes. However, effects observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of human erythrocytes and by fluorescence spectroscopy of IUM might also imply proparacaine-protein interactions. Thus, the LA may alter epithelial sodium channels through interaction with the lipid matrix and with channel protein residues.
Chromium Incorporated in RNA and DNA
Authors: Krupa Renata , Stañczak Marcin , Walter Zofia
Published: February 2015

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of Cr(III) (chromium chloride) and Cr(VI) (potassium dichromate) on RNA and DNA-chromium adducts formation in isolated nucleic acids and isolated pig lymphocytes. The incubation of cells with potassium dichromate and chromium chloride at concentrations of 10 and 100 μm results in binding of a 1.2-1.9 fold greater number of chromium atoms to nuclear DNA than to total cellular RNA. The incubation of total cellular RNA and nuclear DNA isolated from lymphocytes with CrCl3 and K2Cr2O7 yielded a binding of 1.1-1.6 fold more of Cr atoms to RNA than to DNA. The number of chromium atoms bound to nucleic acids is higher after incubation with K2Cr2O7 than with CrCl3 in both experimental systems.
Lepidolide, a Novel Seco-ring-A Cucurbitane Triterpenoid from Russula lepida (Basidiomycetes)
Authors: Jian-Wen Tan , Ze-Jun Dong , Zhi-Hui Ding , Ji-Kai Liu
Published: February 2015

A novel compound, lepidolide 1, was isolated from the fruiting bodies of the Basidiomycete Russula lepida. Its structure was established by spectroscopic and chemical means.
New Book Chronicle
Authors: Scarre Chris , Witcher Robert
Published: February 2015

The February issue ofAntiquityheralds some significant changes: a new publisher, increased frequency of publication and developments to our website. NBC will continue as a regular feature, aiming to cover more or less the same number of books across six, rather than four, issues. That said, in this current issue, NBC adopts a slightly different form, one devoted not to the usual melange of new titles, but to a single—if massive—publication.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Scarre Chris
Published: February 2015

The world is changing rapidly, and archaeology with it. Globalisation is rewiring the relationship that connects Europe and North America, with their long histories of archaeological research, to other regions, where archaeologists are throwing new light on prehistories and early histories that have hitherto been less intensively studied. The outcome is a shifting but more balanced picture of the human past at a global scale, and a better appreciation of the interactions that have shaped the modern world.
Location Is Everything: An Educational Primer for Use with “Genetic Analysis of the Ribosome Biogenesis Factor Ltv1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae”
Authors: Edwalds-Gilbert Gretchen
Published: February 2015

The article by Merwin et al. in the November 2014 issue of GENETICS provides insight into ribosome biogenesis, an essential multistep process that involves myriad factors and three cellular compartments. The specific protein of interest in this study is low-temperature viability protein (Ltv1), which functions as a small ribosomal subunit maturation factor. The authors investigated its possible additional function in small-subunit nuclear export. This Primer provides information for students to help them analyze the paper by Merwin et al. (2014), including an overview of the authors’ research question and methods.

Related article in GENETICS: Merwin, J. R., L. B. Bogar, S. B. Poggi, R. M. Fitch, A. W. Johnson, and D. E. Lycan, 2014 Genetic analysis of the ribosome biogenesis factor Ltv1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 198:  1071–1085
Risk of bile duct cancer among printing workers exposed to 1,2‐dichloropropane and/or dichloromethane
Authors: Sobue Tomotaka , Utada Mai , Makiuchi Takeshi , Ohno Yuko , Uehara Shinichiro , Hayashi Tomoshige , Sato Kyoko Kogawa , Endo Ginji
Published: February 2015

Risk of bile duct cancer among printing workers exposed to 1,2‐dichloropropane and/or dichloromethane: Tomotaka Sobue, et al. Department of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University

Objective

We conducted a retrospective cohort study to examine the risk of bile duct cancer among current and former workers in the offset color proof printing department at a printing company in Osaka, Japan.

Methods

Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) between January 1, 1985, and December 31, 2012, were estimated for the cumulative years of exposure to two chemicals, dichloromethane (DCM) and 1,2‐dichloropropane (1,2‐DCP), using the national incidence level as a reference. In addition, we examined risk patterns by the calendar year in which observation started.

Results

Among 106 workers with a total of 1,452.4 person‐years of exposure, 17 bile duct cancer cases were observed, resulting in an estimated overall SIR of 1,132.5 (95% confidence interval (CI): 659.7−1,813.2). The SIR was 1,319.9 (95% CI: 658.9−2,361.7) for those who were exposed to both DCM and 1,2‐DCP, and it was 1,002.8 (95% CI: 368.0−2,182.8) for those exposed to 1,2‐DCP only. SIRs tended to increase according to years of exposure to 1,2‐DCP but not DCM when a 5year lag time was assumed. The SIRs were higher for the cohorts in which observation started in 1993−2000, particularly in cohorts in which it started in 1996−1999, compared with those in which it started before or after 1993−2000.

Conclusions

We observed an extraordinarily high risk of bile duct cancer among the offset color proof printing workers. Elevated risk may be related to cumulative exposure to 1,2‐DCP, but there remains some possibility that a portion of the risk is due to other unidentified substances.
A Silicon Nanopore Device for On-Chip Patch Clamp Measurements of Single Ion Channel Activity
Authors: Plucinski L. , Chen Y. , Liu G. L.
Published: February 2015

Here we present a novel silicon nanopore planar patch clamp chip for single ion channel screening. We fabricate our devices using a combination of KOH and metal-assisted etching. Electrical characterization shows that the shunt capacitance and access resistance are within the accepted ranges for single channel recordings. In order to test our devices, we cultured and differentiated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells on chip. We reliably obtained a high resistance seal to the cell membrane and report single ion channel activity recordings.
Analysis of the Relationship between Micrognathia and Cleft Palate: A Systematic Review
Authors: Price Katherine E. , Haddad Yasmine , Fakhouri Walid D.
Published: February 2015

Objective

To gather data from relevant experimental and observational studies to determine the relationship between micrognathia and cleft palate. The goal is to raise awareness and motivate clinicians to consider the cause and effect relationship when confronted with patients with cleft palate, even if there is no clearly noticeable mandibular abnormality.

Design

Several electronic databases were systematically examined to find articles for this review, using search terms including “cleft palate,” “micrognathia,” “tongue,” and “airway obstruction.” PubMed was the source of all the articles chosen to be included. Exclusion criteria included case reports, articles focused on treatment options, and articles only tangentially related to cleft palate and/or micrognathia.

Result

A total of 930 articles were screened for relevance, and 82 articles were chosen for further analysis. Evidence gathered in this review includes a variety of etiological factors that are causative or associated with both micrognathia and cleft palate. Observational studies relating the two abnormalities are also included. Much of the included literature recognizes a cause-and-effect relationship between micrognathia and cleft palate.

Conclusion

On the basis of the published data, we suggest that micrognathia does induce cleft palate in humans and animals. With knowledge of this causative relationship, clinicians should consider the importance of gathering cephalometric data on the mandibles and tongues of patients presenting with isolated cleft palate to determine whether they have micrognathia as well. With more data, patterns may emerge that could give insight into the complex etiology of nonsyndromic cleft palate.
Utilisation of phosphogypsum for sulfate-rich belite sulfoaluminate cement production
Authors: Shen Yan , Qian Jueshi
Published: February 2015

Phosphogypsum is an industrial by-product from phosphoric acid production. In order to consume as much phosphogypsum as possible, sulfate-rich belite sulfoaluminate cements are produced by incorporating high amounts of phosphogypsum into the raw mix. The presence of sulfate in the clinker is in the form of anhydrite, in addition to calcium sulfoaluminate. The aim of this paper is to study the effect of anhydrite on cement properties and the hydration process. Experimental results indicate that burning at 1270°C for 30 min is suitable for clinker production. The presence of anhydrite can prolong the setting time and improve the compressive strength. Compared with natural gypsum, anhydrite in the clinkers can promote the formation of ettringite. Results also show that the incorporation of phosphogypsum in the production of sulfate-rich belite sulfoaluminate cement is a promising way to utilise phosphogypsum.
Development of a new method for checking frost heave in roads
Authors: Vel'sovskij Anatolij , Karpov Boris , Smirnova Elena
Published: February 2015

The ground in Russia is frozen for between 2 and 9 months a year, resulting in a significant risk of frost heave damage – particularly on rural roads. While the standard solution is to use non-frost-susceptible materials up to the depth of frost penetration, such materials are not always readily available in the more remote parts of the country. This paper describes how research at universities in Saint Petersburg and Vologda has resulted in a new method for accurately predicting frost heave on roads built with frost-susceptible materials. The iterative method uses data from laboratory testing of frost heave in soils to determine the thickness of various grades of anti-frost layers that can then be incorporated in road construction to reduce heave. Russian regulations now allow the use of frost-susceptible materials for new road construction provided frost resistance has been calculated in accordance with the new method, resulting in significant cost savings.
Morbilidad oral de la población subsidiada de Manizales atendida en el modelo docencia-servicio en una clínica universitaria
Authors: De la Rosa-Marrugo Eola , Avilés-Franco Paula , Rodríguez-Lezama Didier
Published: February 2015

Introducción: el objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer la morbilidad oral de la población subsidiada de Manizales atendida en el modelo docencia-servicio en una clínica universitaria. Materiales y métodos: este estudio descriptivo consideró una población de estudio de 122 pacientes de todas las edades adscritos al régimen subsidiado. Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas, antecedentes sistémicos y alteraciones orales como: alteraciones en la superficie dental, gingivales, periodontales, de la oclusión, pulpares, periapicales, articulares, de la estructura dental, fractura dental, resto radicular, alveolitis, celulitis y fluorosis dental. Resultados: la población que más asistió a consulta pertenece al sexo femenino, con 62,2% (76) de pacientes; la población que más adherencia presentó a la consulta está en el rango de 15 a 44 años de edad, con 64,7% (79) de pacientes; las cinco primeras causas de morbilidad oral en los pacientes fueron caries en dentina, enfermedades de origen pulpar, enfermedad periodontal, trastorno de atm y raíz dental retenida. Solo tres pacientes eran mayores de 60 años, que presentaron alteraciones periodontales como diagnóstico más representativo. La mayor frecuencia de cop fue de 17,7, correspondiente al grupo etario de 60 años o más. Conclusiones: la caries y la enfermedad periodontal siguen siendo los diagnósticos con mayor prevalencia en la consulta odontológica.
Evaluación del estado de salud oral y de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de escolares
Authors: Villanueva-Velásquez Viviana Jaqueline , Berbesí-Mendoza Sindy Yorleana , Jiménez-Valenzuela Guillermo , Báez-Quintero Liliana Carolina
Published: February 2015

Introducción: el objetivo de este estudio fue establecer la prevalencia de caries dental, enfermedad periodontal y fluorosis dental, así como evaluar los conocimientos, las actitudes y las prácticas de escolares entre 6 y 13 años de edad, matriculados en el Colegio Silveria Espinosa de Rendón Sede B, en Bogotá, 2013. Métodos: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal; se realizó un muestreo aleatorio estratificado proporcional de 205 niños, de los cuales finalmente se evaluaron 190, que fueron a quienes sus padres o acudientes firmaron el consentimiento informado. Se evaluaron los siguientes: el índice de higiene oral simplificado (IHOS) de Green y Vermillon, el índice COP-D de Klein, el índice ceo-d de Gruebbel, el índice de Dean y el índice de Russell. Los conocimientos, las actitudes y las prácticas se evaluaron usando una encuesta. El error interoperador fue de 0,8. La información fue analizada en el software estadístico SPSS Versión 13.8. Resultados: la higiene oral de los escolares es regular. El índice COP-D fue de 1,79, clasificado en un nivel bajo para caries dental. El índice ceo-d fue de 2,57. De acuerdo con el índice periodontal de Russell, los niños evaluados se clasifican con enfermedad periodontal reversible. El índice comunitario de fluorosis dental tuvo un valor de 1,04. Los escolares tienen niveles adecuados de conocimiento, pero con respecto a las prácticas, no es frecuente la visita periódica al odontólogo. Conclusiones: los escolares se encuentran afectados por fluorosis y enfermedad periodontal en mayor proporción. Se deben realizar actividades que modifiquen los hábitos de higiene oral e inculcar técnicas apropiadas de cepillado.
Ruidos articulares en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Mafla-Chamorro Ana Cristina , Zambrano-Muñoz Diana Carolina , Gómez-Díaz Yeimy , Dorado-Díaz Luz Andrea , Bastidas-Eraso Carlos Eduardo , Chicaiza Oswaldo Esteban
Published: February 2015

Introducción: determinar la prevalencia de ruidos articulares en estudiantes universitarios de 20 años de edad en San Juan de Pasto, Nariño, Colombia. Métodos: la muestra consistió de 173 individuos (77 hombres y 96 mujeres), quienes fueron evaluados de acuerdo con los Criterios Diagnósticos para la Investigación de Trastornos Temporomandibulares (RDC/TMD versión española) Eje I. Resultados: 36 individuos (20,8%) tuvieron ruidos articulares; 32 (18,8%) fueron clicking y 4 (2%), crepitación. La razón mujer/hombre fue 1,7:1 (p > 0,05). Los individuos que estudiaron una carrera de ciencias de la salud presentaron una mayor frecuencia de ruidos articulares. En relación con las características de los ruidos articulares, 24 articulaciones temporomandibulares (ATM) tenían un/a clicking/crepitación a la apertura reproducible y 14 tenían un/a clicking/crepitación a la apertura recíproco. Además, 19 ATM presentaron un/a clicking/crepitación al cierre reproducible y 14 presentaron un/a clicking/crepitación al cierre recíproco. Dieciocho (50%) estudiantes con ruidos articulares tenían una apertura limitada; 68 (39,3%) estudiantes tenían dolor muscular o articular a la palpación; 17 individuos (47,2%) con ruidos articulares tenían dolor muscular o articular a la palpación. Conclusión: estos resultados han mostrado las características clínicas de ruidos articulares en estudiantes universitarios. La prevalencia es similar a aquellas reportadas en otras poblaciones; existió una diferencia no significativa según el género, y casi la mitad de los individuos con ruidos articulares tenían dolor muscular o articular a la palpación. La presencia de clicking es un buen indicador de desplazamiento del disco con reducción.
Análisis desde los modelos conceptuales de salud pública de la caries dental en México
Authors: Orellana Centeno José Eduardo , Ramírez Muñoz Carmen Adriana , Orellana Centeno Mauricio , Aguilera Badillo Carmen
Published: February 2015

Introducción: la caries dental es considerada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) como un problema de salud pública, por ser una de las patologías bucales de mayor prevalencia. En México, el 90% de la población mexicana está afectada y los individuos entre 0 y 15 años de edad son los que tienen más alto riesgo de contraerla. Métodos: este trabajo presenta resultados de revisión y análisis de diferentes modelos conceptuales en salud pública, en relación con la enfermedad bucal más común en México, la caries. La perspectiva del análisis es el punto de vista científico de su etiología y cómo se desarrollan los trabajos de investigación de esta temática según el modelo epidemiológico para poderla explicar. Resultados: son nulas las publicaciones que estudian esta enfermedad según otro modelo que no sea el mencionado. En esta revisión, se observan los modelos sanitarista, higienista-preventivo y sociomédico. Los factores culturales y de calidad de vida de acuerdo con el nivel socioeconómico favorecen o no el desarrollo de la enfermedad, y su escasa conciencia de una conducta preventiva por parte de los pacientes, de los profesionistas y de las instituciones de salud del país. A pesar de los avances en el sistema de salud y de ser una enfermedad técnicamente evitable, la caries es una enfermedad infecciosa de rápido avance en la población, lo que complica su erradicación, pero sí pueden disminuirse sus niveles en la población. Conclusiones: debemos retomar el enfoque latinoamericano de determinación social, que comprende la salud desde un proceso que trasciende la simple causalidad; no solo depende de los servicios de salud, ni de las características biológicas humanas, sino que está determinado por los modos, las condiciones y los estilos de vida que las sociedades imponen.
Quiste radicular de origen odontogénico
Authors: Posada Álvarez Juan David
Published: February 2015

El quiste radicular es el más común de los quistes odontogénicos presentes en los maxilares, cuya incidencia varía entre 52 y 75%; constituyen del 6 al 55% de las lesiones pulpoperiapicales.El 9% corresponde a quistes verdaderos, cuya resolución se logra mediante tratamiento endodóntico convencional. La mayor frecuencia se presenta en mujeres y en edad adulta.Algunos autores reportan que no existe preferencia de edad ni sexo; otros reportan que esta lesión es más frecuente en el sexo masculino y que afecta la región anterior del maxilar. Estos quistes se presentan asociados a un diente necrótico como granuloma en una reacción defensiva hiperplásica frente a un estímulo inflamatorio. Clínicamente, son asintomáticos y la mayoría no produce expansión ósea; sin embargo, cuando la produce, se suele presentar en la zona vestibular.No generan cambios en los tejidos blandos, aunque pueden deteriorarse y provocar dolor y fistulización. El principal tratamiento es la endodoncia convencional y la posterior observación radiográfica de la lesión; otro es la endodoncia y la apicectomía o curetaje de la lesión en la zona apical; la extracción de la unidad dentaria y el posterior curetaje de la zona se hace para eliminar restos celulares. En caso de lesiones extensas, la descompresión de la lesión permite disminuir el tamaño del quiste y después se realiza la enucleación.
Importancia del análisis pulpar antes de realizar movimientos de ortodoncia
Authors: Cárdenas-González Carolina , Cifuentes-Jaramillo Yohana , Botero-Mariaca Paola María , Giraldo-Guzmán Catalina María
Published: February 2015

En la actualidad, un número creciente de pacientes buscan el tratamiento de ortodoncia como alternativa en la corrección de maloclusiones y, a su vez, para corregir problemas funcionales y estéticos. Este artículo tiene como objetivo describir los datos más relevantes reportados en la literatura acerca de la relación entre ortodoncia y patología pulpar, puesto que los movimientos ortodóncicos pueden desencadenar una respuesta pulpar inflamatoria. Debido a esto, es de gran importancia realizar un diagnóstico clínico y radiográfico de las alteraciones pulpares preexistentes que pueden ser exacerbadas con el movimiento dental.
Calidad de vida y su relación con la salud oral en personas de la tercera edad
Authors: Cerón-Bastidas Ximena Andrea
Published: February 2015

La población de la tercera edad está expuesta a múltiples factores de riesgo no solo en su salud general, sino también en su salud oral, que asimismo puede afectar notablemente su calidad de vida, bienestar e integridad. La literatura demuestra cómo este tipo de población es más susceptible a presentar condiciones sistémicas asociadas con manifestaciones en la cavidad oral, así como la enfermedad periodontal y la caries, hasta causar pérdida dental, riesgo que se incrementa a medida que aumenta la edad. Esta revisión bibliográfica toma en cuenta información a partir del 2001. Se incluyen estudios realizados en personas de la tercera edad, en los que se establece una relación entre la calidad de vida y la salud oral.
Procedimiento para el cálculo de circuitos en el modelado del flujo en intercambiadores de calor de aletas y tubos
Authors: Córdoba–Tuta Edwin , Fuentes–Díaz David
Published: February 2015

En este trabajo se presenta un procedimiento general para la simulación del comportamiento del flujo en los intercambiadores de tubos y aletas con una gran flexibilidad en el manejo de la información. Este procedimiento está basado en el uso de Programación Orientada a Objetos y específicamente al uso de C++, esto debido a todas las ventajas de este tipo de programación. La entrada de datos se lleva a cabo por medio de archivos, de forma que programas de terceros puedan generar la configuración del intercambiador y permitir calcular el intercambiador en forma paramétrica. Los resultados para el análisis se presentan en tres formatos diferentes: valores separados por comas (CSV), texto plano estructurado y autodocumentado (XML) y un formato para la visualización gráfica de resultados (VTK).
A ARBORIZAÇÃO DOS ESPAÇOS DE USO COMUM DAS ESCOLAS MUNICIPAIS DE CANHOTINHO - PE
Authors: Myllanny Pimentel Azevedo Thamyllys , Betânia Moreira Amador Maria
Published: February 2015

Palavras-chave Arborização. Escolas. Canhotinho.
ANÁLISE DO COMPORTAMENTO HIDRODINÂMICO EM UMA ETA DE CICLO COMPLETO
Authors: Silveira Ana Christina Horner , Oliveira Rafael Montanhini Soares de , Benini Sandra Medina
Published: February 2015

Tendo em vista a importância dos estudos hidrodinâmicos em estações de tratamento de água, o presente trabalho buscou estudar o funcionamento da Estação de tratamento de água ETA 006 na cidade de Palmas-TO. A referida ETA é operada pela Companhia de Saneamento do Tocantins – SANEATINS e está em operação desde 1999. A tecnologia de tratamento é de ciclo completo e funciona atualmente com uma vazão de 500 L/s tendo capacidade total para 700 L/s. A estação é responsável pela maior parte do abastecimento de Palmas, atendendo mais de 60% da população. A água tratada na ETA 006 é captada no ribeirão Taquarussu, um pequeno manancial cuja nascente fica dentro do município de Palmas. Porém, a vazão do manancial nos últimos anos vem diminuindo consideravelmente, fazendo com que a Companhia de Saneamento avalie outra de fonte de abastecimento para Palmas. Assim, devido à necessidade de reforma/ampliação da estação, e uma possível mudança de captação da água bruta, foi realizado o estudo hidrodinâmico na ETA 006, avaliando principalmente o funcionamento das unidades de floculação e decantação.
ANÁLISE DO USO DE ADUBO ORGÂNICO NO CULTIVO DE GIRASSOL
Authors: Ortolan Andréia Vanessa Stocco , Oliveira Vitor Augusto Santos Cavalcanti , Cristina Rizk Maria
Published: February 2015

Nome (s) do Orientador (a) (s) Profa. Dra. Maria Cristina Rizk Instituição ou Empresa Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” – Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia – Campus de Presidente Prudente Instituição (s) de Fomento PIBIC/UNESP E-mail de contato andreia.ortolan@gmail.com Palavras-chave Resíduos. Compostagem. Girassol.
SAÚDE E EDUCAÇÃO: VALORIZANDO A VIDA SEM DROGAS
Authors: Oliveira Jascqueson Alves de , Falcão Charles Maciel
Published: February 2015

Nome (s) do Orientador (a) (s)     Instituição ou Empresa Universidade Federal do Amazonas – UFAM   Instituição (s) de Fomento Pró-reitoria de Extensão e Interiorização - PROEXTI   E-mail de contato Jascqueson@oi.com.br   Palavras-chave Drogas. Prevenção. Escola.
REMOÇÃO DA DQO DA VINHAÇA UTILIZANDO H2O2/UV EM DIFERENTES VALORES DE pH
Authors: Vive Vitor Amigo , Ortolan Andréia Vanessa Stocco , Cristina Rizk Maria
Published: February 2015

Nome (s) do Orientador (a) (s) Maria Cristina Rizk Instituição ou Empresa Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” – Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia – Campus de Presidente Prudente Instituição (s) de Fomento FAPESP E-mail de contato vitorvive@hotmail.com Palavras-chave Resíduos. Compostagem. Girassol.
PERCEPÇÃO DA PAISAGEM DO PARQUE EUCLIDES DOURADO NO MUNICÍPIO DE GARANHUNS – PE
Authors: Amador Maria Betânia Moreira
Published: February 2015

O trabalho que se apresenta aborda importante parque urbano em Garanhuns - PE, que se denomina Euclides Dourado sob a ótica da análise da paisagem. O mesmo possui uma dinâmica de uso peculiar que agrega cultura, lazer, esporte entre as principais funções. Trata-se de um espaço que evidencia uma cobertura vegetal que remete à suas origens e apresenta alguns problemas de ordem ambiental. Objetiva-se abordar algumas dessas questões, através da percepção que se tem desse parque, utilizando-se à análise sistêmica. Para isso, recorreu-se ao levantamento temático associado ao uso das técnicas de observação, entrevistas e fotografias embasando, assim, as considerações aqui traçadas.  Ressalta-se, que esse trabalho encontra-se inserido na pesquisa, em desenvolvimento, sobre o verde urbano e rural de municípios do Agreste Meridional de Pernambuco conduzido no âmbito de Grupo de Estudos Sistêmicos do SemiÁrido do Nordeste – GESSANE da Universidade de Pernambuco/Campus Garanhuns e cujos resultados estão sendo associados às outras pesquisas realizadas, em paralelo no contexto da iniciação científica, trazendo à tona elementos que dão suporte a uma melhor compreensão do verde no agreste semiárido em pauta.
A CEAGESP DE PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE E A GESTÃO DOS RESÍDUOS VEGETAIS
Authors: Rosa Rosângela , Neto Daniel dos Santos Viais , Oliveira Filho Ari Alves de
Published: February 2015

Uma crescente preocupação é observada no que se refere às questões ambientais e seu impacto na qualidade de vida humana, principalmente em relação ao aumento da quantidade e variedade de resíduos advindos das atividades industriais e agrícolas, os quais provocam sérios danos ao meio ambiente e à saúde pública. O presente trabalho buscou coletar e quantificar dados e informações na CEAGESP Presidente Prudente, quanto ao destino final dos resíduos de vegetais impróprios para a comercialização, com a expectativa de contribuir de forma positiva para um gerenciamento da empresa. Os termos que envolvem resíduos e sistemas de desenvolvimento sustentável foram à base de discussão deste trabalho. Os resultados obtidos apontam um elevado índice de perda nas atividades que envolvem a comercialização dos produtos hortícolas, ressaltam a importância de um melhor gerenciamento desde a fase pós-colheita até o consumo final desses produtos e evidenciam a necessidade do aproveitamento dos resíduos vegetais, bem como a possibilidade de aumentar o índice de doação dos produtos excedentes.
GESTÃO DOS RECURSOS HÍDRICOS SOB A PERSPECTIVA DA DESCENTRALIZAÇÃO
Authors: De Oliveira Edenis César
Published: February 2015

As discussões e os debates sobre o meio ambiente em geral e a iminente escassez da água em particular, têm estado na pauta de trabalho de muitos pesquisadores, cientistas, acadêmicos, líderes empresariais, governo e da comunidade como um todo. As publicações da literatura na área em questão têm apresentado um crescente índice e atestam este fato. A maioria esmagadora desses conceituados estudos afirma que caminhamos para um ponto de colapso e estrangulamento caso nada seja feito para reverter esse quadro alarmante. A água, como bem imprescindível à vida, tem ganhado um destaque nesse meio, uma vez que, falar de água é falar de vida. Diante disso, a crescente necessidade de se obter água na quantidade e na qualidade desejadas para seus múltiplos usos exige planejamento e coordenação de ações. O grande desafio, entretanto, é promover um gerenciamento que compreenda em todo seu arcabouço o trinômio integração-descentralização-participação, como forma de sustentação e consolidação de todo processo. Este trabalho propõe, a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica, apresentar, inicialmente uma breve contextualização da água, seguido por uma explanação da gestão de recursos hídricos no Brasil, mormente seus principais aspectos, encerrando com algumas considerações sobre a descentralização e suas principais ocorrências, como parte do funcionamento de todo o processo.
Особливості силової підготовленості школярів старших класів
Authors: Худолій О. М. , Іващенко О. В. , Піменов О. О.
Published: February 2015

У статті розглянуті особливості розвитку силових здібностей у хлопчиків старших класів. Встановлено, що у старшому шкільному віці піддається розвитку максимальна, швидкісна і відносна сила.
A Breakage-Stop System for Linen Wet Spinning Frame
Authors: Jin Bo , Zhao Lijun , Zhu Shiqiang
Published: February 2015

A multi-way control system for spun yarn breakage detecting and tow stopping is presented for linen wet spinning
frame upgrade in medium-sized businesses of southeastern China. The signals from periodic rotations of spun yarns
are picked by piezoelectric sensors. After input protection and multiplexers, the weak voltage signal from gated channel is
processed through links including voltage following, passive high-pass filter, active low-pass filter, in-phase and reversedphase
proportional amplifying, precision full-wave rectification, retardation voltage comparison, etc.. After regulated at a
zener diode link, the final electrical level is sent to LPC2132 processor which gives trigger signals to actuators when yarn
breakage is detected. In the corresponding actuator channel, armature of electromagnet will be pushed off to stop tow feed
and the red LED will be lightened to warn spinner. Circuit board units for signal amplifying, conditioning and actuator
driving were designed for controlling 24 yarn channels simultaneously. The simulation result and field test verified the
circuit accuracy and programmed effectiveness.
A Novel Parallel Current-sharing Control Method of Switch Power Supply
Authors: Wu Chao , Lu Bingjuan , Ge Yuwang
Published: February 2015

A novel parallel current-sharing control method of switch power supply is proposed, on the basis of a detailed
analysis of several common parallel current-sharing control methods and recent related patents. Only the current of switch
power modules with maximum and minimum output current will be regulated, which is selected by the extreme current
selection circuit in this method. Four cases with different extremum situation are discussed, and in each case, principles
and equations are given. Finally the current-sharing control of switch power supply parallel system is realized. Experimental
results show that the current-sharing method is reasonable and effective.
Simulation Research on Photovoltaic Power System Electromagnetic Transient Model
Authors: Shi Tao , Gao Shan , Qu Linan
Published: February 2015

With an increasing number of photovoltaic (PV) power stations integrated into the power grid, a model which
is suitable to be used in the power system electromagnetic transient simulation is required. So in this paper, a detailed PV
power system model is provided. In the model, the core components, such as PV array and inverter are all considered.
Then in a certain case, which contains a PV power system, are simulated and analyzed. The results show that the model
could reflect the electromagnetic characteristics of PV power system effectively.
RandomBug: Novel Path Planning Algorithm in Unknown Environment
Authors: Xu Qi-lei
Published: February 2015

This paper presents a novel real-time path planning algorithm for an autonomous mobile agent in completely
unknown environment. In this algorithm, all the planned paths are described and stored in the form of vectors in the algorithm.
Only the rotation angle and the movement distance in a single direction are considered when the autonomous
moves along the planned paths. The algorithm combines range sensor data with a safety radius, which determines the
blocking obstacles and calculates a shorter path by choosing the random intermediate points. These random intermediate
points are be generated when blocking obstacles exist in the current path. Then the optimal intermediate points are selected
and inserted into the current path to regenerate a new planned path. Simulation results are shown that the proposed
algorithm is effective.
Effect of Denture-Related Stomatitis Fluconazole Treatment on Oral Candida albicans Susceptibility Profile and Genotypic Variability
Authors: Figueiral Maria Helena , Fonseca Patrícia , Lopes Maria Manuel , Pinto Eugénia , Pereira-Leite Teresa , Sampaio-Maia Benedita
Published: February 2015

Denture-related stomatitis (DRS) is the most common condition affecting removable-denture wearers, andCandida albicansthe most frequent pathogenic agent. Systemic antifungal treatment is indicated but recurrences are frequent. The aim of this study was to characterize the oral load, fluconazole susceptibility profile and genotypic variability of oralC. albicansisolates from patients with DRS before (T0), immediately after fluconazole treatment (Tat) and after 6-months follow-up (T6m). Eighteen patients presenting DRS and treated with fluconazole were followed at the Faculty of Dentistry of Oporto University. SeventyC. albicansisolates were obtained and identified using standard cultural and biochemical multi-testing. Fluconazole susceptibility was tested by E-test®. Microsatellite-primed PCR was performed to assess the genotypic variability ofC.albicansisolates. The patients’ mean age was 58.0±3.2 years, and 55.6%/44.4% had total/partial dentures. Before treatment, 22.2%, 44.4% and 33.3% of the patients presented DRS type I, II or III, respectively. Fluconazole treatment healed or improved DRS in 77.8% of the patients, accompanied by an 83.5% reduction in oralC. albicansload. However, after 6-months, oralC. albicansload increased significantly and DRS severity was similar to the one observed before treatment. Moreover, the prevalence of patients presenting fluconazole resistant isolates ofC. albicansincreased significantly throughout the study: T0-5.6%, Tat-10.0% and T6m-42.9%. A change in the genotypic variability ofC. albicansisolates was also verified, being mostly associated to fluconazole susceptibility profile change. In conclusion, fluconazole presents a good short-term DRS treatment efficiency, but may be associated to a long-term emergence ofC. albicansfluconazole resistance.
Edge Effects on Avian Diversity and Density of Native Grass Conservation Buffers
Authors: Adams Heidi L. , Wes Burger L. , Riffell Sam
Published: February 2015

Conservation Reserve Program Conservation Practice 33 (CP33: Conservation Buffers for Upland Birds) provides
habitat for grassland birds in agriculture-dominated landscapes. However, landscape context and adjacency of other
land covers may influence colonization, occupancy, and reproductive performance of breeding grassland birds in buffers.
Our objective was to determine how edge effects influence diversity and density of breeding grassland birds in CP33
buffers. Data collected during transect surveys in CP33 buffers at a privately-owned farm in Clay County, Mississippi,
USA during the 2007􀀁2009 breeding seasons indicated that buffers with a woody edge had the least diversity and density
of grassland and facultative grassland birds. Dickcissels (Spiza americana), the most abundant grassland bird species detected
in buffers, had a lower density in woodland-bordered buffers than in grassland-bordered buffers. Red-winged
Blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) had a lower density in buffers adjacent to woodlands than buffers adjacent to developed
areas and those bordered on both sides by crop fields. Conversely, Indigo Buntings, (Passerina cyanea) a woodland edge
species, had the greatest density in woodland-bordered buffers when compared to buffers adjacent to grassland and developed
areas. These results demonstrate that adjacency influences colonization processes and conservation design should
explicitly incorporate local landscape context in field and farm-scale conservation plans. Where conservation of obligate
grassland birds is a primary objective of native grass conservation buffers, avoidance of buffer establishment adjacent to
woodlands may maximize environmental services as measured by grassland bird diversity and density.
Development and Application of Three-Dimensional Virtual Simulation Training System of Coal Mine
Authors: Chen Jie , He Yi , Jiang Deyi , Guo Xiao
Published: February 2015

This paper studies the application of virtual simulation technology in coal mine, and proposes threedimensional virtual simulation training system for coal mines. This system mainly includes “finger oral” and reduction of accident cases. This paper describes the characteristics and development process of three-dimensional virtual simulation training system which can achieve three-dimensional visual effects combining three-dimensional stereoscopic projection technology. The field application shows that three-dimensional virtual simulation training system developed in this paper has achieved better training affects, greatly improved the quality of coal mine safety training and enhanced the enthusiasm of employee, and promoted the safe production of coal mine. Few patents associated with virtual simulation are discussed in this paper.
Burnup simulations of different fuel grades using the MCNPX Monte Carlo code
Authors: Asah-Opoku Fiifi , Liang Zhihua , Huque Ziaul , Kommalapati Raghava
Published: February 2015

Global energy problems range from the increasing cost of fuel to the unequal
distribution of energy resources and the potential climate change resulting
from the burning of fossil fuels. A sustainable nuclear energy would augment
the current world energy supply and serve as a reliable future energy source.
This research focuses on Monte Carlo simulations of pressurized water reactor
systems. Three different fuel grades - mixed oxide fuel (MOX), uranium oxide
fuel (UOX), and commercially enriched uranium or uranium metal (CEU) - are
used in this simulation and their impact on the effective multiplication
factor (Keff) and, hence, criticality and total radioactivity of the reactor
core after fuel burnup analyzed. The effect of different clad materials on
Keff is also studied. Burnup calculation results indicate a buildup of
plutonium isotopes in UOX and CEU, as opposed to a decline in plutonium
radioisotopes for MOX fuel burnup time. For MOX fuel, a decrease of 31.9% of
the fissile plutonium isotope is observed, while for UOX and CEU, fissile
plutonium isotopes increased by 82.3% and 83.8%, respectively. Keff results
show zircaloy as a much more effective clad material in comparison to
zirconium and stainless steel.