bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
القَولُ المَقْبول فِيمَا يُدَّعى فيه بالمَجْهُولِ للعلَّامة صَالِح بن عُمَر بن رَسْلَان البلْقِيني الشَّافعي «المتوفى: 868هـ»
Authors: مصنوم مرتضى سعيد
Published: January 2025

هدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة وتحقيق كتاب: [القَولُ المَقبول فِيمَا يُدَّعى فيه بالمَجْهُولِ] للعلامة صالح بن عمر بن رَسْلان الشافعي، ذكر فيه مسألة مهمة، وهي الدعوى بالمجهول؛ ومفادها: هل تقبل من المُدَّعِي أمْ لا؟ لأنّ الأصل أن الإنسان لا يدَّعي إلَّا بمعلوم.
    انتظم هذا البحث في: مقدمة، وأربعة مباحث، مبحث للتعريف بالمؤلف، ومبحث آخر: كان لدراسة الكتاب، وثالث: للمنهج المتبع في التحقيق ووصف النسخة الخطية، والمبحث الرابع: للنص المحقق.
  وتمّ استخدام ثلاثة مناهج بحثية اقتضتها طبيعة البحث ولأغراض متنوعة، وهي: المنهج التاريخي، والمنهج الوصفي، ومنهج تحقيق النص.
  في ختام الدراسة والتحقيق تم التوصل لعدد من النتائج منها: أن ابن رسلان من المكثرين للتأليف مع انشغاله بالتدريس، وأن هذا الكتاب النفيس هو قطعا لمؤلفه لا لغيره، وخرج البحث بتوصيات أهمها: الحث على الاهتمام بتحقيق تراثنا العتيق وإخراجه في حلة قشيبة تليق بالكتاب وبصاحبه
The current research aimed at studying and investigating the entitled book (Al-Qawl Al-Maqbūl fīmā Yuddaʿá fīh Bilmajhūl) “Accepted Speech Regarding Claiming What is Unidentified” written by the scholar Saleh Bin Omar Raslan Al-Shaf'i. The author addressed a crucial issue about the unidentified claim: whether it is accepted or not, since a man can only claim what is identified. This research was divided into an introduction and four chapters, namely, introducing the author, studying the book, the methodology adopted for investigating and describing the handwritten copy of the book, and the text investigated. Depending on the research objectives, the study employed three approaches: the historical approach, the descriptive approach, and the approach used for investigating the text. The study concluded that Ibn Raslan has extensive literature despite being engaged in teaching; in addition, this invaluable book certainly belongs to its author and not anyone else. It was recommended to pay more attention to investigating our ancient literature and reproducing it in a good version worthy of the original book and its author.
مناهج تحليل الخطاب السياسيّ
Authors: البريدية رقية بنت سيف بن حمود
Published: January 2025

إن اختلاف مناهج تحليل الخطاب قائم على أساس الموقف السياقيّ الذي أنتج فيه، وعلى الشكل الذي بُنيَ عليه، والهدف الذي قيل من أجله؛ لذلك فإنَّ المشتغلين بالسياسة في حاجة إلى استخدام لغة مؤثرة ومقنعة عند تقديم آرائهم للآخر، كما يحتاجون إلى الاتصال السياسي المخطط وفق أهداف مرسومة، ليكون له تأثير في الرأي العام والحياة العامّة للأفراد، ومنها وجدنا أن تعدديّة مناهج تحليل الخطاب السياسي قائمة على نوع المعالجة التي يراها الباحث أنسب في إظهار القيمة التي يقصدها، فكان المنهج اللساني، والمنهج البلاغي، والمنهج التداولي من أهمّ المناهج التي يمكن تطويعها في تحليل الخطاب السياسي، ولقد تحدثت في هذه المقاربة مبيّنة بعض الاختلافات المنهجيّة في تحليل الخطاب السياسيّ، والاستراتيجيات التي يقوم عليها كل منهج، وكيف يمكن الاستفادة من التنوّع المنهجي المتاح أمام الباحثين والناقدين والمهتمّين بفهم بنية الخطاب السياسي، كما أبيّن معايير اختيار المنهج المناسب الذي يتوافق مع أهداف الباحث.
 
The difference in discourse analysis methods is based on the contextual situation, where it was said, the form on which it was constructed and the purpose for which it was said. Therefore, politicians need to use an influential and persuasive language when they present their opinions to others. They also need a planned political communication according to specific goals, to have an impact on the public opinion and the public life of individuals.
Thus, we found out that, the diversity of political discourse analysis methods is based on the type of the solution that the researcher considers as more appropriate in showing the value he intended. Therefore, the linguistic approach, the rhetorical approach and the deliberative approach are the most important approaches that could be adopted in analyzing political discourse.
 In this respect, the researcher explained some of the methodological differences in analyzing political discourse and their strategies. Moreover, the researcher showed how it is possible to benefit from the methodological diversity available to researchers, critics, and those interested in understanding the structure of the political discourse. Also, the researcher outlined the criteria for choosing the appropriate method that is compatible with the researcher’s objectives.
بنية العلامة غير اللفظية في مسرحية الفنار لفهد ردة الحارثي
Authors: العجمي درعة محمد مسفر
Published: January 2025

فهد ردة الحارثي كاتب مسرحي سعودي، اهتم بالمسرح وأوقف عليه حياته، وسجل المشهد المسرحي المحلي والعربي له تفردًا وتميزًا في هذا المجال.
         ومسرحية "الفنار" مناط البحث، الشخصية المركزية فيها "الفنار" ذلك الرمز البحري الذي تفقده جزيرة وسط محيط، وهذه الجزيرة، أنشأها خيال الكاتب، حاول سكانها البحث عن "الفنار"، لكن محاولتهم، باءت بالفشل، مع أنه معهم، ولا يتعرفون عليه، فتطرح المسرحية موضوعًا إنسانيًّا، فهي تتحدث عن الإنسان في أي زمان، وفي أي مكان، فلا يصل إلى الهدف إلا مَن يمتلك الرؤية.
         وقد تبين من خلال البحث أن النص الدرامي مجال الدراسة، مليء بالرموز الدلالات، مما يجعله نصًّا يقبل أكثر من تأويل، وأكثر من قراءة.
 
Fahd Rada Al-Harthi is a Saudi playwright who gives interest to the theater and devotes his life to it. The local and Arab theater witnesses his uniqueness in this field.
The play "Al-Fanar”, is the central of the current research. The main character is the "lighthouse", where this marine symbol is missed on an island in the middle of an ocean. This island is created in the author’s imagination. The people of the island tried to search for the lighthouse. However, their attempts failed, although it was with them, but they did not recognize it. The play presents a human issue, as it talks about the human at any time and in any place, so only those, who have a vision, reach the goal.
 The research finds this out, the current dramatic text is full of symbols and semantics, which makes it a text that accepts multiple interpretation and analysis.
الحاجات النفسية لدى أعضاء هيئة التدريس ومساعديهم بجامعة إقليم سبأ في ضوء نظرية (ماسلو)
Authors: المقدمي نبيل حسن صالح
Published: January 2025

هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى التعرف على الحاجات النفسية لدى أعضاء هيئة التدريس ومساعديهم بجامعة إقليم سبأ في ضوء نظرية ماسلو، ودرجة اختلاف الفروق في الحاجات النفسية باختلاف الجنس، والكلية، والخبرة التعليمية، وقد أجريت الدراسة على عينة تكونت من (110) أعضاء من جميع كليات الجامعة، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة اتبع الباحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وقد أسفرت نتائج الدراسة أن إشباع الحاجات النفسية لدى أعضاء هيئة التدريس ومساعديهم، جاء بحلاف ما أورده ماسلو في مثلثه الشهير، وبينت الدراسة أن هناك فروقا ذات دلالة إحصائية في بعض فقرات مقياس الحاجات النفسية التي يحتاجها الأعضاء ومساعدوهم ويفتقدونها بشدة في متغير الجنس لصالح الذكور، كما بينت ـ أيضًا ـ أنه لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في إشباع الحاجات النفسية لدى الأعضاء ومساعديهم بين الكليات، بينما أظهرت الدراسة أن هنالك فروقا ذات دلالة إحصائية في بعض فقرات المقياس يحتاجها الأعضاء ومساعدوهم في متغير الخبرة لصالح أقل من خمس سنوات.
 
The current study aimed to identify the psychological needs of faculty members and their assistants at the University of Saba Region in the light of Maslow's theory and the degree of the difference in the psychological needs according to gender, faculty, and educational experience. The study was conducted on a sample of (110) members from all faculties of the university. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher adopted the descriptive analytical method. The results of the study showed that, the satisfaction of psychological needs of faculty members and their assistants contrasts with what Maslow stated in his famous triangle. The study indicated that, there are statistically significant differences in some points of the psychological needs scale that members and their assistants need, while males are badly lack of the needs regarding the gender variable. The study also clarified that, there are no statistically significant differences in the satisfaction of psychological needs of members and their assistants among faculties, while the study showed that, there are statistically significant differences in some points of the scale that members and their assistants need in the experience variable in favor of less than five years.
الصفات الخَلقية للملائكة
Authors: باخريصة مراد كرامة سعيد
Published: January 2025

يهدف هذا البحث إلى جمع الصفات الخَلقية للملائكة ودراستها دراسة عقدية، وقد اعتمدت المنهج الوصفي الاستقرائي التحليلي. وتوصلت إلى أنَّ صفات الملائكة لا تشبه صفات غيرهم من المخلوقات وإن اتحدت معها في الاسم، وأنَّ الصفات الخَلقية الصحيحة للملائكة هي: الأجنحة، العين، اليد، الفم، الأذن، شحمة الأذن، العاتق، العنق، الرجِل، الظلف، الركبة، الصفات التي لا تصح: الرأس، اللسان، الساق، الفرج.
الأداء الصوتي التمثيلي لخطبة الحجاج بن يوسف الثقفي في أهل البصرة، دراسة صوتية في ضوء برنامج (برات)
Authors: الإبي نجاة طاهر محمد
Published: January 2025

لقد تمكنت الدراسات الصوتية في العصر الحديث من الكشف عن التمظهرات الأدائية للخطاب بما آلت إليه من طفرة في التحليل عن طريق المختبرات الصوتية التي تحلله عبر صور طيفية، فتبرز المتغيرات الأدائية بعناصرها المختلفة، وتحلل وظائفها الدلالية. وتأتي هذه الدراسة تطبيقًا على المدونة الصوتية المتمثلة بـ(خطبة الحجاج بن يوسف الثقفي في أهل البصرة)، التي قام بأدائها الممثل (عابد فهد) في مسلسل (الحجاج بن يوسف)، بواسطة برنامج برات للتحليل الصوتي، بغية الكشف عن مدى تقمص المؤدي المُمَثِّل أداءَ الحجاج بن يوسف، كاشفًا عن طبيعة الخطاب، ودلالاته. وقد توصلت الدراسة لعدد من النتائج، أبرزها:

أن المؤدي كان على وعي كامل بشخصية الحجاج بن يوسف، وبالظروف التاريخية والسياسية التي عاصرها، وبطبيعة السياق الحاف بالخطبة.
أن المؤدي كان على دراية ودربة بسمات الخطيب الناجح، وطرق الأداء المؤثرة، ونجح في أداء الخطبة عن طريق: استعمال النبر، والتنغيم، والفواصل الصوتية، للتعبير عن الدلالات المختلفة للخطاب.
بروز التكامل بين عناصر الأداء الصوتي من نبر، وتنغيم، وفواصل صوتية، ساهمت جميعها مع بعض في إبراز وظائف الخطاب المنطوق، ومقاصده، بما يتناسب مع سياق الحال، والمقام.
المصدر المؤوَّل.. إِشكال المفهوم والمصطلح
Authors: معيلي عادل كرامة , بلحاف منى محمد
Published: January 2025

يسعى الباحثان لدراسة الإشكال في مفهوم المصدر المؤوَّل، وإِشكال المصطلح، إذْ إنَّ إِطلاق لفظ المصدر المؤوَّل والمُراد به التَّركيب المُنْسَبِك من كلِّ الحروف (أنْ، وما، وكي، ولو) والفعل، أو من الحرف المشبّه بالفعل (أنَّ) واسمها وخبرها؛ أنَّه مُشْكِلٌ، ويحتاج الأمر فيه إِلى إِعادة نظر، وتمَّ تقسيم هذا البحث إِلى ثلاثة مباحث: فالمبحث الأوَّل: تَحدَّث عن ملامح الإشكال، خُصِّص لعرض الصورة العامة للإشكال الذي يُثِيرُهُ هذا الدَّرس بواسطة عدد من التساؤلات مثّلت مُشْكِلَة البحث، ليخلص إِلى أنَّ الإِشكال يتحدّد في أمرين هما: المفهوم ثمَّ المصطلح، وأمَّا المبحث الثَّاني: فعن إِشكال المفهوم وتجلية هذا المفهوم؛ بأن يُحدّد ماهيَّة المصدر المؤوَّل، وتعريفه، ودلالته، والعناصر التي تندرج تحته، ومدى تعبير المفهوم بدِقَّة عن تلك العناصر، والمبحث الثَّالث: تَحدَّث عن إِشكال المصطلح، فكان الكلام على مدى تعبير المصطلح عن المفهوم، وتَوصَّل الباحثان إِلى أنَّ تسمِّية التَّركيب المُنْسَبِك من (أنْ، وما، وكي، ولو) والفعل، أو (أنَّ) واسمها وخبرها مصدرًا مؤوَّلًّا تسمِّية غير دقيقة وينبغي العدول عنها إِلى (التَّركيب المؤوَّل بمصدر).
Implications of Oral Candida Carriage in Clinical Practice - A Review
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, AJ Institute of Allied Health Sciences, NH-66, Kuntikana, Mangalore, Karnataka, India, Uchil Tripthi , Shetty Rachan , Sharma Prajna , Shantaram Manjula , Chand Attavar Pavan
Published: January 2025

Oral candidiasis is a fungal infection that affects the oral cavity. Candida species are commensal organisms that reside in the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract and genitourinary tract of humans without causing harm under normal circumstances. However, disruptions in the hosts immune defence mechanisms or alterations in the local microbiota can lead to the overgrowth of these fungi resulting in infection. Oral candidiasis is one of the common manifestations seen in immunocompromised individuals specially in HIV and cancer patients undergoing treatment. Emergence of antifungal drug resistance is of serious concern owing to the associated morbidity and patient outcomes. This review article provides an in-depth knowledge of oral Candidiasis, risk factors, diagnostic approaches, management strategies and patient outcomes. Understanding oral Candidiasis is essential for both clinicians and researchers to prevent and manage Candida-associated oral infections.
Uji Macam Kandungan dan Total Kadar Asam Amino Berbahan Ikan Lemuru (Sardinella longiceps)
Authors: Dani Kusuma Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Pendahuluan. Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan yang memiliki lautan cukup luas. Hasil sumber daya alam yang melimpah terutama hasil laut yaitu ikan. Seperti ikan lemuru yang dimanfaatakan oleh masyarakat Indonesia karena banyak mengandung protein dan asam lemak yang baik bagi manusia serta dapat membantu tanaman dalam pertumbuhannya. Ikan lemuru merupakan salah satu ikan yang banyak dimanfaatkan dalam dunia industri pangan maupun dalam bahan pembuatan pupuk organik yang baik bagi kesuburan tanah (Pertami dkk., 2020). Oleh karena itu dengan hasil laut yang sangat melimpah maka salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk mengolah hasil panen tersebut yaitu dengan cara memanfaatkan ikan lemuru untuk dijadikan pupuk organik cair atau disebut dengan asam amino. Menurut Waitiu (2022), Asam amino memiliki manfaat bagi tanaman dalam membantu pertumbuhan dan memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi unsur hara mikro dan makro.
Metode Pengumpulan Data. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan metode pengamatan dan analisis data secara deskriptif yaitu dengan mengambil hasil data di laboratorium yang kemudian akan di jelaskan secara deskripsi. Dengan parameter untuk mengetahui macam-macam kandungan asam amino dan persentase kadar kandungan pupuk asam amino.
Hasil dan Diskusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa didapatkan macam - macam kandungan asam amino dan total kadar persentase kenaikannya yang terdiri dari alanine (1,539%), glutamic acid (2,447%), glycine (1,409%), leucine-isoleucine (1,253%), valine (0631%), cysteine (2,997%), aspartic acid (5,778%), methionine (2,466%), threonine (2,746%), proline (1,140%).
Simpulan. Kandungan asam amino tersebut memiliki kadar persentase yang berbeda-beda di setiap bulannya dengan total kenaikan di bulan pertama yaitu 5,655%, sedangkan bulan kedua 7,483%, dan di bulan ketiga 9,269%.
Denda di Perpustakaan: Analisa Hukuman dan Disiplin dalam Pandangan Foucault
Authors: Nurhayati Aisatun
Published: January 2025

Pendahuluan Penerimaan pemustaka terhadap aturan yang berlaku di perpustakaan tentu berbeda. Artikel ini akan mendiskusikan penerapan denda di perpustakaan sebagai hukuman dan pendisiplinan dalam pandangan Foucalt, yakni menjelaskan cara kerja, pokok perhatian dan pemikiran Foucalt dikaitkan dengan denda di perpustakaan. Perpustakaan yang dimaksud dalam artikel ini hanya perpustakaan perguruan tinggi.
Metode Pengumpulan Data. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan datanya dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kepustakaan dan survey. Pandangan-pandangan Foucalt digunakan untuk mengkaji aturan berupa denda yang berlaku di perpustakaan. Hasil Analisa dideskripsikan untuk menggambarkan bagaimana pandangan Foucalt terhadap denda di perpustakaan.
Hasil dan Diskusi. Penerapan denda di perpustakaan sebagai upaya pendisiplinan dapat mengadopsi panopticon oleh Foucalt. Upaya pendisiplinan tersebut hendaknya dilakukan secara berjenjang berdasarkan latar belakang individu yang dilayani.
Simpulan. Konsep panopticon Foucalt dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai dasar untuk mengembangkan sistem hukuman dan kedisiplinan yang lebih baik di perpustakaan. Hukuman di perpustakaan seyogyanya bukan vindikatif (balas dendam), namun bersifat korektif dan restitutif sehingga lebih produktif.
Alikasi Pupuk Organik Cair Daun Lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) Pada Bibit Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) Varietas VMC
Authors: Suprayogi  , Salim Abdurrahman
Published: January 2025

Pendahuluan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Organik Cair Daun Lamtoro (Leucaena Leucocephala) Pada Bibit Tebu.
Metode Pengumpulan Data.  Penelitian ini dilakukan di Politeknik Negeri Jember provinsi Jawa timur dan dilaksanakan pada September 2023 sampai dengan bulan Desember 2023. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan berupa rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 6  perperlakuan P0 = 0% , P1 = 10% ( 100 ml pupuk cair + 900 ml air ) , P2 = 20% ( 200 ml pupuk cair + 800 ml air ), P3 = 30% ( 300 ml pupuk cair + 700 ml air ), P4 = 40% ( 400 ml pupuk cair + 600 ml air ), P5 = 50% ( 500 ml pupuk cair + 500 ml air ), yang diulang 4 ulangan, sehingga terdapat 24 unit perlakuan  dan setiap unit perlakuan terdiri dari 3 sampel. ANOVA digunakan untuk mengurangi keragaman data. Apa biladiperoleh hasil beda nyata lebih besar dari F-tabel 5%   kemudian di uji lanjut menggunakan Uji Trend 5%. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah jumlah daun, diameter batang, tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, berat basah dan berat kering akar.
Hasil dan Diskusi.   Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pemberian POC daun lamtoro tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap semua parameter pengamatan.
Simpulan. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa aplikasi pupuk organik cair daun lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) pada bibit tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) varietas VMC berbeda tidak nyata (non signifikan) namun perlakuan P2 (20%) memberikan nilai rerata lebih baik apabila dibandingkan dengan perlakuan yang diujikan lainnya.
Pertumbuhan Bibit Vanili (Vanilli planifolia Andrews) Pada Berbagai Komposisi Media Tanam
Authors: Qomarul Huda Muhammad Yusuf , Setyoko Ujang
Published: January 2025

Pendahuluan. Tanaman vanili (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) merupakan jenis tanaman dari keluarga Orchidaceae dan salah satu anggrek-tanaman keluarga. Pembibitan tanaman vanili yang optimal akan menghasilkan tanaman buah vanili yang berkualitas dengan tingkat hasil panen yang maksimal. Media tanam merupakan faktor penting sekaligus syarat utama pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh komposisi media tanam terhadap pembibitan tanaman vanili. 
Metode Pengumpulan Data. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus-Desember 2023 di Rumah Kawat Kebun Koleksi Politeknik Negeri Jember. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak kelompok (RAK) non faktorial.
Analisa Data. Terdiri dari 5 Perlakuan komposisi media tanam P1 ( Top Soil: Pupuk Kandang Sapi: Pasir (1:1:1), P2 ( Top Soil: Pupuk Kandang Sapi: Arang Sekam (1:1:1), P3 ( Top Soil: Pupuk Kompos Kulit Kopi: Arang Sekam (1:1:1), dan P4 ( Top Soil: Pupuk Kompos Kulit Kopi: Arang Sekam (2:1:1), P5 ( Top Soil: Pupuk Kompos Kulit Kopi: Arang Sekam (1:2:1), serta P6 ( Top Soil: Pupuk Kompos Kulit Kopi: Arang Sekam (1:1:2) dengan  sebanyak 144 bibit vanili.
Hasil dan Diskusi. Hasil terbaik penelitian serta parameter yang digunakan terjadi pada umur 56 HST pada perlakuan P3 yaitu dengan komposisi media ( Top Soil: Pupuk Kompos Kulit Kopi: Arang Sekam (1:1:1), parameter jumlah daun dengan rata-rata 1,60 helai, parameter diameter bibit dengan rata-rata 3,48 mm, parameter tinggi bibit dengan rata-rata 8,18 cm, berat basah total bibit dengan rata-rata 6,12 gram, berat kering bibit dengan rata-rata 0,36 gram, Panjang akar dengan rata-rata 4,6 cm, jumlah akar 1,5, berat basah akar dengan rata-rata 0,25 gram dan berat kering akar dengan rata-rata 0,17 gram.   
Simpulan. Perlakuan yang terbaik yaitu perlakuan P3.
Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Organik Cair (POC) Limbah Cair Tahu Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.)
Authors: Pamungkas Agil Waskita Adi Putra , Wahyono Nanang Dwi , Nuraisyah Anni , Asmono Sepdian Luri
Published: January 2025

Pendahuluan. Pemupukan adalah salah satu kegiatan pemeliharaan tanaman yang memiliki peran yang cukup penting terhadap produktivitas tanaman kakao. Pemupukan yang kurang optimal dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dalam fase pembibitan dan produksi. Agar dapat mengetahui pemupukan yang optimal perlu dilakukan pemupukan berdasarkan dosis pupuk yang dibutuhkan tanaman.
Metode Pengumpulan Data. Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Inovasi Politeknik Negeri Jember yang berlangsung dari Bulan Februari 2023 Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 4 ulangan dan 4 perlakuan yang terdiri dari C0 (Tanpa (POC) limbah cair tahu), C1 (Pemupukan menggunakan (POC) limbah cair tahu dengan dosis = 80 ml/polybag), C2 (Pemupukan menggunakan (POC) limbah cair tahu dengan dosis = 160 ml/polybag), C3(Pemupukan menggunakan (POC) limbah cair tahu dengan dosis = 24 ml/polybag). Parameter pengamatan yaitu tinggi tanaman (cm), diameter tanaman (cm), Jumlah daun (Helai), berat basah (Gram) dan berat kering (Gram). Pengamatan yang telah dilakukan selanjutnya dilakukan analisis sidik ragam (Anova) dan jika hasil menunjukkan berbeda nyata, maka dilakukan uji lanjut BNJ taraf 5%.
Hasil dan Diskusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan dosis pupuk organik cair (POC) limbah tahu tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter yang diamati. Perlakuan klon kakao hibrida juga memberikan hasil tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter yang diamati. Sedangkan interaksi antara dosis POC limbah tahu dengan klon kakao hibrida memberikan hasil tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter.
Simpulan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian perlakuan Pupuk Organik cair (POC) limbah cair tahu memberikan hasil berbeda tidak nyata terhadap kelima parameter yang diamati pada bibit kakao yang diteliti yaitu, tinggi bibit, diameter batang bibit, jumlah daun pada bibit, berat basah dan berat kering bibit.
Analisis Kesiapan Madrasah Dalam Transformasi Digital Arsip di Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs) Raudlatul Muta’allim Jember
Authors: Salsabila Raiska
Published: January 2025

Pendahuluan. Penelitian ini dilakukan karena adanya penemuan bahwa madrasah ini merupakan madrasah swasta yang sedang mengusahakan untuk bertransformasi dalam digitalisasi arsip mengingat bahwa pentingnya digitalisasi arsip untuk menunjang sistem kearsipan yang mana sudah banyak lembaga-lembaga lain yang telah bertransformasi dalam digitalisasi arsip. Namun permasalahan yang menghambat sekolah dalam bertansformasi digital arsip adalah kurangnya sumber daya manusia, kurangnya pendanaan dalam membeli software penyimpanan yang besar, dan kurangnya kesadaran dalam tertib administrasi.
Metode Pengumpulan Data. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi sistematik, wawancara semi terstruktur dan studi dokumentasi. Kemudian, teknik analisis data menggunakan kondensasi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Teknik keabsahan data menggunakan uji kredibilitas, yaitu triangulasi data, seperti trianggulasi sumber, trianggulasi teknik dan trianggulasi waktu.
Hasil dan Diskusi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Dapat dikatakan bahwa sarana prasarana yang ada di madrasah ini masih belum memadai dan belum banyak melakukan perubahan. Sedangkan untuk transformasi arsiparis, kompetensi yang dimiliki arsiparis di MTs Raudlatul Muta’allim masih belum memadai dikarenakan arsiparis belum pernah mengikuti kegiatan pelatihan sebagai sarana meningkatkan kometensi arsiparis untuk mewujudkan digitalisasi arsip. 2) Faktor pendorong dari transformasi sarana dan prasarana arsip yang ada di MTs Raudlatul Muta’allim adalah jaringan internet yang cukup memadai dan faktor pendorong dari transformasi arsiparis adalah SDM yang memadai dibidang teknologi. Sedangkan faktor pengambat transformasi sarana dan prasarana yang ada di MTs Raudlatul Muta’allim adalah keterbatasan anggaran untuk pengadaan teknologi baru, pembaruan infrastruktur, dan kondisi infrastruktur yang belum mendukung.
Simpulan. Transformasi sarana prasarana arsip di MTs Raudlatul Muta’allim yang pertama kali dilakukan adalah meningkatkan jaringan informasi dan teknologi seperti jaringan internet. Bentuk perubahan yang dilakukan yaitu dengan mengubah bentuk arsip fisik menjadi digital, MTs Raudlatul Muta’allim belum memiliki software atau aplikasi kearsipan untuk menunjang program transformasi digital arsip.
At War, but Far From The Front
Authors: Daly Lisa M.
Published: January 2025

The Newfoundland Airport, in what became Gander, Newfoundland and Labrador, was an area of both conflict and logistics during the Second World War. The airbase served roles as both a stopping point for aircraft to be ferried from production facilities in North America to the war theatre overseas, for convoy escorts and U-boat hunting, as well as mundane deliveries of people and equipment from Canada and the United States. During the war, the airbase was very active, with thousands of aircraft using the runways, and there were aircraft lost, whichremain on the landscape around Gander. For those serving at the Newfoundland Airport, the war may have been ever-present, but at the same time distant; there was no active battle at the airbase, but there were casualties of war. Those who died were filling combat and logistical roles, and post-war rebuilding efforts. Accidents occurred due to mechanical malfunctions, the weather, and human error. Using historical records and archaeological site inventories, this paper will examine the role of this non-combatant space and advocate that the material cultureof aircraft crash sites be conceptualized within the larger context of aviation infrastructure. The result will expand our understanding of the impact and tragedy of war for the airbase at Gander, and for Newfoundland and Labrador.
Transnational Responses to a Global Pandemic
Authors: Dicks Heather
Published: January 2025

This article captures key findings from a larger research project looking at the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the remittance sending and receiving behaviours of im/migrants living in Newfoundland and Labrador. For this study, I interviewed 30 im/migrants from lower and middle-income countries about their pandemic experience. Through these discussions, interview participants revealed a self and home identity that spans across national borders; however, they noted that this was significantly curtailed in the face of the global fragmentation triggered by COVID-19. In response to the pandemic, im/migrants living in the province increased their sending of financial remittances and also consistently shared COVID-related guidance with friends and family living abroad (social remittances) in an effort to relieve suffering outside of the province and ultimately curb the spread of the virus.
Can Ex-Parliamentarians Tell Political Counter-Narratives?
Authors: Hyvärinen Matti
Published: January 2025

Telling counter-narratives has sometimes been exclusively reserved for marginal and minority groups. This article asks, instead, whether such elite group members as veteran parliamentarians will also tell counter-narratives in their oral history interviews. When the telling of counter-narratives is understood as a communicative strategy, open to various actors, the decisive question concerns about how to recognize these narratives. Previous literature provides such criteria as the stance toward some other narratives and illocutionary intent, which are helpful but not yet decisive. This article suggests that the limits of counter-narrative are and will remain negotiable since there is no easily recognizable participant orientation or speech act of telling a counter-narrative. This article proceeds to study empirically the possible markers of narrative countering.
Численное исследование естественной конвекции в кольцевом канале с подвижным внутренним цилиндром
Authors: Нарыгин Эдуард Игоревич , Зубков Павел Тихонович
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a numerical study of the natural convection of a viscous incompressible fluid that completely fills a horizontal annular channel. The temperature difference at the outer boundary produces convection, which can cause the rotation of the inner cylinder around its axis.  The cylinder is assumed to rotate without friction. The Boussinesq approximation is used as a mathematical model. The problem is solved numerically by the algorithm SIMPLER. The equation of motion of the inner cylinder is derived from the law of conservation of angular momentum. The choice of a numerical integration method for the equation of motion of the inner cylinder does not affect the result. The influence of the dimensionless parameters on the flow structure and the angular velocity of the inner cylinder was studied. Dimensionless parameters vary within the ranges: Grashof number 103...2·105, Prandtl number 0.5...15, the dimensionless thermal conductivity of the cylinder 0...∞, and the cylinder inner radius 0.05...0.9. Numerical simulations have shown that the flow structure affects the angular velocity of the inner cylinder, which reaches its maximum in the case of a single-cell flow and at a minimum internal radius. As the Grashof number increases, the maximum possible angular velocity of the inner cylinder increases monotonically and is realized at large inner radius values. The Prandtl number has an opposite effect on the cylinder rotation velocity. If it decreases, then the angular velocity becomes extremely high at smaller inner radius values. An increase in the dimensionless thermal conductivity leads to the growth of the angular velocity, but it reaches a maximum at a smaller inner radius. The influence of the considered parameters on the angular velocity is determined by the change in the structure of the flow in the annular channel. The research results may be useful in the development of technical devices with an annular channel and a rotating inner cylinder.
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated homology-directed repair for precise insertion of constitutive promoter: Overexpression of OsNRAMP7 in TBR225 rice
Authors: Nguyen Phuong Duy , Ngo Van Anh Thi , Nguyen Minh Anh , Pham Xuan Hoi , Le Mai Quynh
Published: January 2025

Precise gene insertion using homology-directed repair (HDR) in Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9)-mediated gene editing has emerged as a powerful tool for plant genome modification, offering unprecedented control over genetic alterations. This study successfully applied this technology to TBR225, a major rice variety in Vietnam, aiming to overexpress the OsNRAMP7 gene by inserting a 35S constitutive promoter. Our research addressed the need for efficient methods to enhance specific gene expression in crop plants, with a focus on improving this economically important rice variety. We designed and implemented a single vector system comprising gRNA and Cas9 expression constructs, along with a donor DNA repair template containing the 35S promoter. The system was delivered via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation to TBR225 rice. Our results demonstrated the successful insertion of the 35S promoter upstream of the OsNRAMP7 open reading frame in TBR225, leading to significantly increased OsNRAMP7 expression in edited lines. Notably, we obtained homozygous transgene-free OsNRAMP7-overexpressing TBR225 lines in the T1 generation, confirming stable transmission of the desired modification in this Vietnamese rice variety. These results validate the effectiveness of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated HDR for precise genetic modifications in TBR225 rice. This successful research on Vietnam's major rice variety offers a valuable approach for crop improvement and functional genomics studies, potentially accelerating the development of rice varieties with enhanced traits such as stress tolerance or nutrient use efficiency.
DNA barcoding and phylogenetic analysis of Indian Phyllanthus using nrITS and chloroplast rbcL gene sequences for molecular identification
Authors: Polasam Raghavendra , Ganesh Pushpalatha , Chalageri Gururaj , Kannan R. , Babu U. V.
Published: January 2025

The genus Phyllanthus is recognized for its ecological and therapeutic significance. Accurate identification of these species is crucial for conservation and research purposes. Traditional taxonomic identification often falls short due to the plant’s phenotypic plasticity and challenges in detecting substitutes or adulterants in plant-based products. As a result, molecular identification through DNA barcoding has emerged as a new standard for quality control in herbal products and the international herbal trade. The present study uses a DNA barcoding tool to identify Indian Phyllanthus species focusing on nr internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) and the chloroplast rbcL gene. The phylogenetic analysis shows high genetic similarity and strong phylogenetic relationships. These findings confirm genetic affinities with global counterparts, highlighting evolutionary patterns. The ITS2 region’s structure uses minimum free energy calculations to verify species identification. This study shows how combining rbcL gene analysis with ITS2-based DNA barcoding accurately identifies Indian Phyllanthus species This approach enhances the sustainable use of these valuable plant resources, ensures product quality, minimizes adulteration, and supports biodiversity conservation.
Assessing the readability, quality and reliability of responses produced by ChatGPT, Gemini, and Perplexity regarding most frequently asked keywords about low back pain
Authors: Ozduran Erkan , Hancı Volkan , Erkin Yüksel , Özbek İlhan Celil , Abdulkerimov Vugar
Published: January 2025

Background

Patients who are informed about the causes, pathophysiology, treatment and prevention of a disease are better able to participate in treatment procedures in the event of illness. Artificial intelligence (AI), which has gained popularity in recent years, is defined as the study of algorithms that provide machines with the ability to reason and perform cognitive functions, including object and word recognition, problem solving and decision making. This study aimed to examine the readability, reliability and quality of responses to frequently asked keywords about low back pain (LBP) given by three different AI-based chatbots (ChatGPT, Perplexity and Gemini), which are popular applications in online information presentation today.

Methods

All three AI chatbots were asked the 25 most frequently used keywords related to LBP determined with the help of Google Trend. In order to prevent possible bias that could be created by the sequential processing of keywords in the answers given by the chatbots, the study was designed by providing input from different users (EO, VH) for each keyword. The readability of the responses given was determined with the Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG), Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES) and Gunning Fog (GFG) readability scores. Quality was assessed using the Global Quality Score (GQS) and the Ensuring Quality Information for Patients (EQIP) score. Reliability was assessed by determining with DISCERN and Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) scales.

Results

The first three keywords detected as a result of Google Trend search were “Lower Back Pain”, “ICD 10 Low Back Pain”, and “Low Back Pain Symptoms”. It was determined that the readability of the responses given by all AI chatbots was higher than the recommended 6th grade readability level (p < 0.001). In the EQIP, JAMA, modified DISCERN and GQS score evaluation, Perplexity was found to have significantly higher scores than other chatbots (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

It has been determined that the answers given by AI chatbots to keywords about LBP are difficult to read and have low reliability and quality assessment. It is clear that when new chatbots are introduced, they can provide better guidance to patients with increased clarity and text quality. This study can provide inspiration for future studies on improving the algorithms and responses of AI chatbots.
Automated Breast Cancer Detection in Mammograms using Transfer Learningbased Deep Learning Models
Authors: Katiyar Preeti , Singh Krishna
Published: January 2025

Introduction: When considering cancer mortality rates in general, Breast Cancer (BC) is a major contributor among females. Patients’ chances of survival increase when BC is detected early and treated with the appropriate treatment at the right time. There is strong evidence that mammography, when used as a screening tool, can detect BC at an early stage. Mammography is a diagnostic tool that uses low-dose X-rays to visualise the breast and evaluate its anatomy. For screening purposes, it is currently the preferred method. The present study employs deep learning models trained using Transfer Learning (TL) techniques.

Aim: To automate the process of BC diagnosis in mammograms. The main goal of this approach is to simplify the process of early detection and diagnosis of BC for healthcare practitioners.

Materials and Methods: The dataset obtained from the Mammographic Image Analysis Society (MIAS) was categorised into three distinct categories: benign, malignant and normal. The initial MIAS dataset underwent several preprocessing techniques, including noise reduction, breast image contrast enhancement, non breast region deletion and malignant lesion identification, before analysis. An intricately designed fully connected classifier complements pretrained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures like ResNet50 and VGG16 in the proposed model.

Results: The VGG16 model performed admirably, achieving an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.950 and an accuracy rate of 96.00%. In addition, it displayed an outstanding F-score of 97%, along with high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. These outcomes are significantly better compared to the other methods.

Conclusion: The model’s enhanced capabilities for early-stage cancer detection could improve patient outcomes and reduce mortality rates. Furthermore, new tools can ease the workload for radiologists, leading to more standardised and efficient diagnostic procedures.
A Comparative Study to Determine the Efficacy of Atosiban versus Nifedipine in Management of Preterm Labour
Authors: Gaikwad Vidya , Patel Jay , Gaikwad Suhas
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Preterm Labour (PTL) remains a significant challenge in obstetrics, contributing to neonatal morbidity and mortality. The management of PTL involves the use of tocolytic agents to delay delivery, thereby allowing for further foetal development.

Aim: To compare the tocolytic efficacy of Nifedipine and Atosiban in the management of PTL.

Materials and Methods: This prospective interventional study was conducted at Dr. DY Patil Medical College, Hospital, and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India from October 2022 to August 2024. Ninety pregnant women between 24 to 34 weeks of gestation, diagnosed with PTL, were assigned to receive either Atosiban (n=45) or Nifedipine (n=45) according to the inclusion criteria. The primary outcomes measured were the duration of pregnancy prolongation, neonatal outcomes and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) admissions. Chi-square tests or t-tests were used to compare these categorical variables.

Results: Nifedipine was associated with a slightly higher percentage (36 cases, or 80%) achieving pregnancy prolongation for more than seven days compared to Atosiban (34 cases, or 75.56%). Nifedipine also demonstrated better neonatal outcomes and reduced NICU admissions (Nifedipine: 14 cases, or 31.11% vs. Atosiban: 20 cases, or 44.44%). However, Nifedipine was linked to a higher incidence of maternal side-effects , such as headache, hypotension and tachycardia, whereas Atosiban was better tolerated, with fewer reported side-effects . Atosiban was more frequently used in cases with earlier gestational ages, reflecting its utility in more acute clinical scenarios.

Conclusion: Both Atosiban and Nifedipine were effective in managing PTL, with each drug offering distinct advantages depending on the clinical scenario. Nifedipine was more effective in prolonging pregnancy and improving neonatal outcomes, while Atosiban was associated with fewer maternal side-effects and is preferred in acute cases.
Patient-centered Outcomes in Modern Endodontic Microsurgery: A Narrative Review
Authors: Jaha Haytham
Published: January 2025

Endodontic Microsurgery (EMS), a minimally invasive approach to root canal treatment, has seen a notable increase in popularity due to its potential for enhanced outcomes. The present review seeks to evaluate the current state of Patient-Centered Outcomes (PCOs) in contemporary EMS, focusing on comparative analyses of surgical techniques, adjunctive therapies and the influence of technological advancements. The literature was examined to assess the effectiveness of various microsurgical techniques, including lasers, ultrasonic instrumentation and specialised irrigation solutions. Furthermore, the role of adjunctive therapies, such as regenerative techniques and antimicrobial agents, in improving treatment outcomes has been discussed. The impact of technological advancements, such as digital radiography and 3D imaging, on the precision and efficiency of microsurgical procedures is also explored. By providing a comprehensive overview of the existing evidence, the present review will assist clinicians in making informed decisions regarding the selection of microsurgical techniques and adjunctive therapies to optimise patient outcomes.
Analyzing Extension and Advisory Service Delivery Dynamics in Nepal through Social Network Analysis Lens: A Comparative Study
Authors: Subedi Arjun Prakash , Jaishi Mahesh , Parajuli Shikshit
Published: January 2025

Aims: Amid the changes in extension and advisory service delivery after federalism in Nepal. The existing players and new players in the network influence the flow and accessibility of services, providing both opportunities and challenges. However, very few studies have been carried out.  So, this research was designed to analyze the perception and diffusion flow dynamics/pattern (mediators) of public extension and advisory services at the local/municipal level in Nepal.
Study Design: A cross-sectional research approach with a convergent parallel mixed-method research design was used.
Methodology: A field survey was carried out by selecting 200 stakeholders using a simple random sampling method, 22 key informant interviews, and 4 focus group discussions at Chandragiri and Dakshinkali municipalities.
Results: The five-point Likert Scale (13 constructs), social network analysis, and community network map revealed that the EAS network with progressive farmers (CB= 2384.94), agriculture section (CB= 1134.8), input suppliers (CB= 855.21), farmers group (CB= 511.7), and social actors (CB= 452.58) as strong mediators, had a poor perception toward current public extension and advisory services. The EAS network with agriculture section (CB= 2292), farmers group (CB= 2199.5), input suppliers (CB= 584.32,) and progressive farmers (CB= 481.9) as their strong mediators in the EAS network perceive the public EAS slightly positively.
Conclusion: The research concludes that the stakeholders often neglected by government institutions but perceived strong mediators in the EAS network must be identified and prioritized for effective service delivery. The study could be a basis for the stakeholders' identification and management in the service delivery framework of public extension and advisory service delivery at the municipal/local level.
Comparative Review of Bioactive Molecules for Antidiabetic Properties
Authors: Shende Shubham , Goyanar Gaurav , Prasad Chandani , Urade Praful , Devhare Lalchand
Published: January 2025

Diabetes mellitus is a significant global health concern characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and associated metabolic dysfunctions that impact millions of lives. Despite advancements in its management, the need for safer, effective, and affordable antidiabetic therapies remains unmet. This review delves into the exploration of bioactive molecules derived from natural sources, such as phytochemicals and peptides, as well as synthetic compounds, presenting a comparative analysis of their therapeutic potential. It highlights their diverse mechanisms of action, including modulation of insulin secretion, glucose uptake, and reduction of oxidative stress. Additionally, the review discusses their efficacy, safety profiles, and future applications, emerging trends, emphasizing their role in addressing the challenges of diabetes management and improving patient outcomes. The study emphasizes the need for further research into synergistic effects and formulation strategies to improve their clinical use.
Optimizing Human Resource Quality to Enhance Academic Performance: Insights from SMP Negeri 9 Muaro Jambi
Authors: Maisah  , Sukarno
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the strategic role of human resource quality in enhancing schools' academic performance, focusing on SMP Negeri 9 Muaro Jambi. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis using a qualitative descriptive approach. SMP Negeri 9 Muaro Jambi is one of the schools in the border area between Muaro Jambi Regency and Jambi City; most teachers and educators come from Jambi City, while the students come from Muaro Jambi Regency. Both places have their uniqueness. One of the challenges of this situation is the inequality in the use of digital media in learning. Teachers in border schools (such as SMP Negeri 9 Muaro Jambi) often receive training in using digital learning media.
In contrast, these media do not support (not available according to teacher training materials). Thus, further training is needed in the form of adjustments or adaptations of training materials to the actual situation at school. Key findings highlight that the presence of certified and experienced teachers significantly contributes to improved teaching outcomes, while uneven workload distribution and limited technological integration present challenges. The research underscores the importance of government support for teacher professional development and infrastructure improvement to address these gaps. Moreover, fostering community engagement and leveraging local opportunities are pivotal in strengthening school competitiveness amidst external threats, such as competition from alternative educational institutions. The study concludes with actionable strategies to optimize human resources, emphasizing continuous training, technological adoption, and establishing collaborative networks, which collectively aim to elevate educational quality.
Passiflora foetida var. foetida (Passifloraceae): A New Addition to the Flora of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Undirwade Dilipkumar N. , Bhuktar Anil S.
Published: January 2025

The presence of Passiflora foetida var. foetida (Passifloraceae), a climbing hirsute herb known for its ecological and ethnobotanical significance, is reported for the first time in Maharashtra, India. During floristic surveys conducted in Chalisgaon tahsil of district Jalgaon. This discovery provides insights into its distribution, habitat preferences, phenology, and conservational note accompanied by color photo plate. This species was identified based on morphological and taxonomic analysis. The newly added species contribute to the understanding of regional biodiversity. Such new species underscores the importance of regional floristic surveys in uncovering overlooked or newly introduced species and the need for further surveys and conservation efforts to protect lesser-known plant species in Maharashtra's diverse ecosystems.
Ultrafilters and Their Dual Relationship to Tree-width in Graph Theory
Authors: Fujita Takaaki
Published: January 2025

The study of width parameters in graph theory and algebraic contexts has garnered significant attention. Among these, treewidth has proven to be a pivotal parameter. The concept of "Tangle," introduced by Robertson et al., is recognized as being dual to the width parameter known as "treewidth" in graphs (Robertson & Seymour, 1991). Meanwhile, the notion of a "Filter" is well-established in the fields of topology and algebra.
In this concise paper, we propose a definition of Ultrafilters on graphs and demonstrate their equivalence to graph Tangles, thereby establishing a dual relationship with treewidth. Additionally, we explore the connection between these concepts and pathwidth.