bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A molecular glue RBM39-degrader induces synthetic lethality in cancer cells with homologous recombination repair deficiency
Authors: Kohsaka Shinji , Yagishita Shigehiro , Shirai Yukina , Matsuno Yusuke , Ueno Toshihide , Kojima Shinya , Ikeuchi Hiroshi , Ikegami Masachika , Kitada Rina , Yoshioka Ken-ichi , Toshimitsu Kohta , Tabata Kimiyo , Yokoi Akira , Doi Toshihiko , Yamamoto Noboru , Owa Takashi , Hamada Akinobu , Mano Hiroyuki
Published: May 2024

E7820 and Indisulam (E7070) are sulfonamide molecular glues that modulate RNA splicing by degrading the splicing factor RBM39 via ternary complex formation with the E3 ligase adaptor DCAF15. To identify biomarkers of the antitumor efficacy of E7820, we treated patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models established from 42 patients with solid tumors. The overall response rate was 38.1% (16 PDXs), and tumor regression was observed across various tumor types. Exome sequencing of the PDX genome revealed that loss-of-function mutations in genes of the homologous recombination repair (HRR) system, such as ATM, were significantly enriched in tumors that responded to E7820 (p = 4.5 × 103). Interestingly, E7820-mediated double-strand breaks in DNA were increased in tumors with BRCA2 dysfunction, and knockdown of BRCA1/2 transcripts or knockout of ATM, ATR, or BAP1 sensitized cancer cells to E7820. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that E7820 treatment resulted in the intron retention of mRNAs and decreased transcription, especially for HRR genes. This induced HRR malfunction probably leads to the synthetic lethality of tumor cells with homologous recombination deficiency (HRD). Furthermore, E7820, in combination with olaparib, exerted a synergistic effect, and E7820 was even effective in an olaparib-resistant cell line. In conclusion, HRD is a promising predictive biomarker of E7820 efficacy and has a high potential to improve the prognosis of patients with HRD-positive cancers.
Pharmacological inhibition of the LIF/LIFR autocrine loop reveals vulnerability of ovarian cancer cells to ferroptosis
Authors: Ebrahimi Behnam , Viswanadhapalli Suryavathi , Pratap Uday P. , Rahul Gopalam , Yang Xue , Pitta Venkata Prabhakar , Drel Viktor , Santhamma Bindu , Konda Swapna , Li Xiaonan , Sanchez Alondra Lee Rodriguez , Yan Hui , Sareddy Gangadhara R. , Xu Zhenming , Singh Brij B. , Valente Philip T. , Chen Yidong , Lai Zhao , Rao Manjeet , Kost Edward R. , Curiel Tyler , Tekmal Rajeshwar R. , Nair Hareesh B. , Vadlamudi Ratna K.
Published: May 2024

Of all gynecologic cancers, epithelial-ovarian cancer (OCa) stands out with the highest mortality rates. Despite all efforts, 90% of individuals who receive standard surgical and cytotoxic therapy experience disease recurrence. The precise mechanism by which leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and its receptor (LIFR) contribute to the progression of OCa remains unknown. Analysis of cancer databases revealed that elevated expression of LIF or LIFR was associated with poor progression-free survival of OCa patients and a predictor of poor response to chemotherapy. Using multiple primary and established OCa cell lines or tissues that represent five subtypes of epithelial-OCa, we demonstrated that LIF/LIFR autocrine signaling is active in OCa. Moreover, treatment with LIFR inhibitor, EC359 significantly reduced OCa cell viability and cell survival with an IC50 ranging from 5-50 nM. Furthermore, EC359 diminished the stemness of OCa cells. Mechanistic studies using RNA-seq and rescue experiments unveiled that EC359 primarily induced ferroptosis by suppressing the glutathione antioxidant defense system. Using multiple in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models including cell-based xenografts, patient-derived explants, organoids, and xenograft tumors, we demonstrated that EC359 dramatically reduced the growth and progression of OCa. Additionally, EC359 therapy considerably improved tumor immunogenicity by robust CD45+ leukocyte tumor infiltration and polarizing tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) toward M1 phenotype while showing no impact on normal T-, B-, and other immune cells. Collectively, our findings indicate that the LIF/LIFR autocrine loop plays an essential role in OCa progression and that EC359 could be a promising therapeutic agent for OCa.
Cascade branch migration-triggered strand displacement amplification for specific and sensitive detection of microRNA
Authors: Xie Yaxing , Hou Yulei , Yu Yang , Zhang Jianhong , Long Jinyan , Chen Mengqi , Lang Xueqing , Yang Xiaolan , Chen Hui
Published: May 2024

This work, for the first time, combines the cascade branch migration and strand displacement amplification for both specific and sensitive microRNA detection.
Multifunctional tunable Cu2O and CuInS2 quantum dots on TiO2 nanotubes for efficient chemical oxidation of cholesterol and ibuprofen
Authors: Khaliq Nilem , Ali Ghafar , Rasheed Muhammad Asim , Khan Maaz , Xie Yi , Schmuki Patrik , Cho Sung Oh , Karim Shafqat
Published: May 2024

(a) TEM image of TNTs decorated with Cu2O and CuInS2 QDs. (b) Amperometric response of different configurations of biosensing electrodes. (c) Cholesterol oxidation mechanism on the surface of the CuInS2/Cu2O/TNT electrode.
Imaging of intracellular protein aggregates through plasmon-assisted clusteroluminescence
Authors: Dhillon Ashish Kumar , Dudhe Pranay Eknath , Majumdar Shubhangi , Barman Sanmitra , Ghosh Dibyajyoti , Dhanasekaran Karthigeyan , Siddhanta Soumik
Published: May 2024

The formation of clusters in non-aromatic molecules can give rise to unconventional luminescence or clusteroluminescence.
Tuning rare-earth hydride reactivity with a reductive diazabutadienyl ligand beyond insertion
Authors: Lin Xiaoqing , Zhang Jie , Zhou Xigeng
Published: May 2024

An unusual hydrogen radical addition and SET process between one H- and two DAD’ ligands has been observed in the reaction of 2 with PhCCH.
Copper-catalyzed amine-mediated yne-propargylic substitution
Authors: Jiang Chunyun , Luo Defu , Meng Xiangjian , Cui Qinqin , Zhao Lili , Liu Jinggong , Yang Shuang , Fang Xinqiang
Published: May 2024

A copper-catalyzed yne-propargylic substitution using amines as nucleophiles has been achieved for the first time, affording a variety of amines having diyne moieties, which are important pharmacophores in many bioactive molecules.
Maleimide functionalized polycaprolactone micelles for glutathione quenching and doxorubicin delivery
Authors: Babanyinah Godwin K. , Bhadran Abhi , Polara Himanshu , Wang Hanghang , Shah Tejas , Biewer Michael C. , Stefan Mihaela C.
Published: May 2024

High glutathione production is known to be one of the defense mechanisms by which many cancer cells survive elevated oxidative stress.
Elevating the upconversion performance of a multiple resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter via an embedded azepine approach
Authors: Chen Yi-Kuan , Lei Jian , Wu Tien-Lin
Published: May 2024

A novel MR-TADF molecule using an embedded azepine approach could enhance the RISC rate and introduce chiroptical properties. This advancement results in superior OLED devices with reduced efficiency roll-off and suppressed aggregation quenching.
A novel sparse recovery space‐time adaptive processing algorithm using the log‐sum penalty to approximate the ℓ0 − norm penalty
Authors: Liu Kun , Wang Tong
Published: May 2024

Applying the sparse recovery (SR) technique to airborne radar space‐time adaptive processing (STAP) can greatly reduce the number of required training samples, which is advantageous in detecting targets in non‐homogeneous and non‐stationary clutter environments. However, the poor performance, the slow convergence speed or the high computational complexity of the traditional SR STAP algorithms limit their practical application. To tackle this problem, a novel efficient SR STAP algorithm is proposed. The newly proposed SR STAP algorithm utilises the log‐sum penalty to approximate the penalty, which exhibits improved convergence performance and clutter suppression performance compared to the traditional SR STAP algorithms. Besides, the proposed algorithm can ensure the convergence in each iteration by offering a closed‐form analytic solution. Furthermore, the result of the mathematical derivation demonstrates the essential equivalence between our method and the iterative reweighted method. By utilising this equivalence, two additional methods are proposed that incorporate the knowledge of the clutter Capon spectrum and the clutter spectrum of the iterative adaptive approach (IAA) as the components of weighted values, resulting in further performance improvement of the proposed algorithm. Finally, simulation results with both simulated data and Mountain‐Top data demonstrate the high effectiveness and performance of the proposed methods.
Analysis of electrical contact characteristics of strap contacts used in high voltage bushings under eccentric conditions
Authors: Wang Qingyu , Zhou Xiaoyu , Yang Wei , Hu Di , Jin Shoufeng , Xie Tao , Liu Peng , Peng Zongren
Published: May 2024

The contact finger electrical connection structure is a crucial component of high voltage bushings, and its safety and reliability directly impact the operational stability of the bushing. To investigate electrical contact performance of the contact finger under eccentric conditions, a three‐dimensional electrical, thermal, and force multi‐physics coupling calculation model was established. Additionally, a test platform was constructed to measure electrical contact characteristics of the contact finger. The contact characteristics of the contact finger when the male head was axially deflected and radially offset compared to the female head were obtained. The research findings indicate when the male head deflects axially, the contact force changes of the contact finger blades on both sides are opposite. Moreover, as the axial deflection angle of the male head increases, the resistance of the electrical connection structure shows a rising‐slow decreasing‐fluctuating trend. The resistance is highest at 3°, with a resistance increase rate of 7.35%. Furthermore, the resistance of the electrical connection structure varies with the radial offset of the male head, following a power function. Contact failure occurs when the radial offset is 1.31 mm, and the resistance increase rate reaches 24.9% at a radial offset of 1.58 mm.
Silicon exhibits dose-dependent impact on barley growth
Authors: Priya Pallavi , Chaudhary Tejasvita , Maurya Avani , Sharma Vishakha , Balyan Garima , Sharma Adwithiya , Kandhol Nidhi , Tripathi Durgesh Kumar
Published: May 2024

As population growth accelerates, agriculture’s significance in our lives remains paramount. However, this surge in population has led to land degradation and increased food scarcity. The impact of silicon (Si) on plants has garnered significant attention in agricultural research. This study was aimed at examining the impact of Si on barley (Hordeum vulgare) plants by administering varying concentrations (5µM, 10µM, 20µM, 50µM, 100µM, 200µM, 500µM, 1000µM) and assessing their effects on plant growth parameters, particularly root and shoot lengths, and root fresh weight. Our study employed a controlled experimental setup to observe how barley plants respond to varying concentrations of Si. The data indicates that Si concentrations up to 10µM offer advantageous effects on barley compared to the control group, suggesting its potential in bolstering agricultural productivity. Similarly, concentrations of 20µM, 50µM, and 100µM were identified as safe for plant growth, opening avenues for their agricultural utilization. However, concentrations of 500µM and 1000µM resulted in complete inhibition of plant growth, emphasizing the necessity for cautious Si application in agriculture to prevent adverse impacts on crop yields. These findings underscore the importance of fine-tuning Si concentrations in agricultural practices to optimize benefits while mitigating potential risks to plants.
Carbon nitride nano-biochar exhibit dose-dependent effect on rice growth
Authors: Chaudhary Tejasvita , Priya Pallavi , Maurya Avani , Sharma Vishakha , Balyan Garima , Sharma Adwithiya , Kumar Santosh , Kandhol Nidhi , Tripathi Durgesh Kumar
Published: May 2024

Biochar, a byproduct of biomass pyrolysis, has gained interest for its wideranging uses in agriculture and environmental remediation. Nano-biochar, in particular, holds promise for enhancing crop productivity and addressing environmental challenges faced by the plants. Its ability to improve soil properties and biological functions underscores its potential in sustainable agriculture. This study investigates the influence of a carbon-based nanobiocharcarbon nitride (C3N4, derived from melamine) on rice (Oryza sativa) growth. Despite the promise of nanostructured biochar materials in bolstering crop yields, their interaction with varying concentrations of C3N4 remains poorly understood. In this study, we studied the impact of five concentrations (0µM, 500µM, 1000µM, 1500µM, and 2000µM) of C3N4 on rice growth. Our results reveal a concentration-dependent response, with 1500µM and 2000µM concentrations exhibiting toxic effects on rice plants, while 500µM and 1000µM concentrations demonstrate positive effects on rice growth parameters (root-shoot length, fresh-dry biomass) with maximum values obtained in case of the latter. This research sheds light on the potential of C3N4 nanobiochars to influence the growth of crop plants, emphasizing the importance of optimizing concentrations for sustainable agricultural practices. Further exploration in this area could lead to finding of solutions for enhancing agricultural productivity in a sustainable manner.
To study and analyse the different packaging materials on shelf-life study of banana (Musa paradisiaca var. Robusta): A Review
Authors: Maibam Prasanta Singh , Riram Kenjum , Kumari Khushi , Srikanth Perumalla
Published: May 2024

Packaging plays an important role to maintain the shelf life of banana thereby providing nutritional and market value alongside to the farmer losses as well. The present review study is to determine how different banana cultivars’ shelf lives were affected by the materials used for packaging. The banana cultivars, referred to locally as Robusta var., would be packed using five different materials a perforated low density polyethylene bag, dried banana leaf, gunny bag, brown paper bag, cling wrap, and no packaging material. Three replications of a factorial combination were used in the Randomized Complete Block Design experiment. Every four days, a variety of physical characteristics were evaluated, such as weight loss, pulp hardness, pulp dry matter, pulp to peel ratio, peel colour, pulp thickness, decay, and loss % of marketability. The present review revel on different packaging materials to increase shelf-life banana, latest packaging technologies used in banana’s packaging and future research in banana packaging would revel.
A review on post-harvest technology of an underutilized vegetable bitter tomato (Solanum aethiopicum L cv. gilo) of Northeastern region of India
Authors: Jamir Satemmenla , Devi Kshetrimayum Sonia , Ningombam Elizabeth , Verma Anamika
Published: May 2024

Northeastern region of India is endowed with variety of local vegetables that are highly nutritious and health-promoting. One of which is Solanum aethiopicum L which has a bountiful source of nutrients and bioactive chemicals. It has several pharmacological benefits and are used in indigenous medicine to treat various conditions. Nonetheless, the crop is highly perishable with a short shelf life (35days) which significantly contributes to postharvest losses. Techniques used to extend the shelf life of the crop are freezing, drying and refrigeration. The crop can be stored at low temperatures about 10-12oC. Fruits kept in perforated polyethylene bags had the longest shelf life. Important materials include polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene are commonly used and coating can be applied to increase the crop’s shelf life. The crop has a huge potential in making value added products like pickles, dehydrated products and many more. However, concerns related to postharvest and production of the crop have not received equal attention due to scant research with the crop being neglected and underutilized due to lack of awareness and limited market. Considering the crop offers many advantages, popularization of the crop is essential but adapting to the bitter taste and flavor of the fruit could be challenging for the consumers. Consumer attitudes, views, and willingness to pay for products that have undergone particular post-harvest procedures require further investigation. Proper cultivation techniques, processing, value addition and marketing are required to surpass these hurdles.
Enhancing Spinach growth and yield through the synergistic effects of Rhizobacter-Enriched compost
Authors: Ray Bhavana , Chauhan Richa , Sharma Harshita , Lepcha Anamika , Pandey Sangeeta
Published: May 2024

Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and compost present promising solutions for bolstering agricultural sustainability by stimulating plant growth and yield while lessening dependence on chemical inputs. Our investigation delved into the combined effects of PGPR and compost on spinach cultivation, conducted at Amity University’s Organic Farm. Employing a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with six treatments and three replications, we evaluated how these treatments influenced spinach growth parameters and photosynthetic pigment levels. Results showed that treatment T5 (AIOA Strain + Compost) outperformed others, significantly boosting plant height, leaf breadth, root length, and leaf count per plant. Furthermore, T5 exhibited elevated chlorophyll and carotenoid levels, indicating enhanced photosynthetic function and overall plant vigor. These outcomes underscore the potential synergy between PGPR and compost in fostering sustainable crop production. By diminishing reliance on chemical fertilizers and pesticides while enhancing soil health and nutrient cycling, integrating PGPR and compost-based biofertilizers offers an economical and environmentally friendly avenue for augmenting agricultural productivity and mitigating environmental hazards. Further exploration into optimization techniques and underlying mechanisms is crucial to fully harness the potential of these microbial and organic interventions across varied agroecological settings. Overall, this study contributes to advancing our knowledge of employing microbial and organic methods in sustainable agriculture, crucial for addressing global challenges in food security and environmental conservation.
Overview of Ecological Dynamics in Morocco – Biodiversity, Water Scarcity, Climate Change, Anthropogenic Pressures, and Energy Resources – Navigating Towards Ecosolutions and Sustainable Development
Authors: Arabi Mourad , Mechkirrou Latifa , El Malki Mohamed , Alaoui Karima , Chaieb Amine , Maaroufi Fatiha , Karmich Saida
Published: May 2024

In the context of Morocco’s rich biodiversity and pressing environmental challenges, this paper delves into the intricate dynamics of sustainable development in the country. With a focus on biodiversity conservation, water scarcity, climate change impacts, anthropogenic pressures, and energy resource management, Morocco is navigating ecosolutions and sustainable development. This research highlights the critical importance of biodiversity conservation efforts in preserving the nation’s diverse ecosystems while contributing to national development. Challenges such as forest reduction, agricultural water stress, and declining mammal diversity underscore the urgency of conservation actions. Climate change exacerbates issues in oases, impacting agricultural yields and ecosystem health. This paper also addresses the management of mineral resources and waste production, which pose significant challenges to environmental sustainability. Through strategic policies, international engagements, and capacity-building initiatives, Morocco is striving to achieve resilience and sustainability in the face of evolving global dynamics. By integrating governance, environmental diplomacy, and multilateral cooperation, Morocco is laying a robust foundation for economic growth, social progress, and environmental protection. This manuscript provides a comprehensive overview of Morocco’s environmental challenges, innovative solutions, and commitment to sustainable development in a rapidly changing world.
Natural riches of Al Hoceima: Inventory of plants with medicinal and aromatic properties
Authors: El Allaoui Hasnae , Haboubi Khadija , Elabdouni Aouatif , Bouhout Sara , El Ahmadi Kawthar , Dira Imane , El Bastrioui Mohmed
Published: May 2024

This study on the Al Hoceima Province emphasizes its rich botanical diversity and significant ethnobotanical heritage. It catalogs 490 species, 108 of which are identified for medicinal and aromatic uses, including notable genera like Lavandula, Thymus, and Allium. The study highlights the presence of endemic species, illustrating the region’s unique ecological value and the community’s traditional practices in utilizing flora for health and culinary purposes. This research underscores the importance of conserving Al Hoceima’s natural and cultural treasures to enhance appreciation for its role in local health and well-being.
Desalinated water quality: Remineralization technique at the Al-Hoceima desalination plant (northern Morocco)
Authors: El Khalki Soukaina , Makan Abdelhadi , Lamhamdi Abdellatif , Elbarghmi Rachida , Ghalit Mohamed , Azzaoui Khalil
Published: May 2024

One solution to the shortage of drinking water in Morocco is the development of reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plants. However, the quality of the permeate produced is corrosive, unbalanced, and does not meet the standards required for its use. The post-treatment process at the Al-Hoceima desalination plant in northern Morocco consists of the addition of carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrated lime (Ca (OH)2). In this study, various analyses were utilized to assess the physical-chemical quality parameters of the water produced after remineralization. The results revealed that the remineralization method adopted by the plant is relatively complex and associated with difficulties in maintaining optimal remineralized water parameters such as pH, TAC, TH, and Ca2+. However, the water produced re-establishes its calcocarbonic balance and is of satisfactory quality for human consumption.
Comparative study of virgin olive oil from Moroccan Picholine cultivars in TADLA perimeter -Morocco
Authors: Latifi Hanane , Elfazazi Kaoutar , Oubouali Morad , Ameslek Oumaima , Latrache Hassan , El Louali Mostafa , Zahir Hafida
Published: May 2024

Olive oil, extracted from olive fruits (Olea europaea), is renowned for its distinctive flavour, nutritional richness and health benefits. The aim of this comparative study is to analyze olive oil from several TADLA perimeter units, including Province of AZILAL, FQUIH BEN SALAH, BENI MELLAL, ZAOUIT CHEIKH, and BRADIA. The oil under investigation was extracted from olives of the Moroccan Picholine variety, by a discontinuous system including grinding, pressing and decanting. Significant variations were found at the values of the studied parameters. The results of our study showed that Olive oil from FBS and BM are classified as an extra virgin olive. However, olive oils from ZC, BR and AZ are classified as virgin olive oil. Sample from FQUIH BEN SALAH province had the lowest Free Fatty Acids (FFA) and peroxide values 0.236% oleic acid and 3.434 méqO2/Kg respectively. While the highest FFA value found was the olive oil obtained from AZILAL (1.084% Oléic Acid) and the highest Peroxide value was obtained in the sample from BRADIA (8.108 méq O2/Kg). E232, E270 and delta K values of all samples were under the limit fixed by IOC for virgin olive oil. Polyphenols content of ZAOUIT CHEIKH, FQUIH BEN SALAH and BRADIA oils are relatively high with values equal to 1.347, 1.082, and 1.141mg GA/100ml extract respectively. DPPH test showed that ZAOUIT CHEIKH oil had the greater antioxidant capacity.
Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oil of Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa L. from the Al-Hoceima province in northern Morocco
Authors: Rejdali Mohamed , Benamari Omar , Laaboudi Fatima Zahrae , Salhi Amin , Mourabit Fouad , El barkany Soufian , Elyoussfi Abedellah , Amhamdi Hassan , Ahari M’hamed
Published: May 2024

Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa L. is an industrial plant that has gained importance due to its essential oil (EO), which has commercial, medical, and potential cosmetic applications. Despite its significance, the chemical constituents of the C. sativa EO cultivated in Morocco is not well understood. In this context, the current study aimed to define and analyze the volatile fraction and evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the plant C. sativa EO for the first time in the Al-Hoceima province in northern Morocco. To assess its chemical composition, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was utilized after hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-style apparatus. The analysis revealed that caryophyllene, α-humulene, and β-myrcene were the major constituents, accounting for 31.77%, 11.21%, and 8.76% of the EO, respectively. Antioxidant activity results indicate that the potency of C. sativa EO is interesting (IC50 = 4.45 mg/mL) for the DPPH● (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) test. These findings indicate that the C. sativa EO may serve as a natural source of antioxidants.
Noise reduction through a waveguide structure consisting of expansion chambers with a geometrical defect
Authors: Antraoui Ilyas , El Malki Mohamed , Khettabi Ali
Published: May 2024

Noise control helps to make working environments safer and keep operations in line with health and safety standards. Exhaust noise is the main component of noise pollution in urban environments. In this paper, we focus on noise control by improving acoustic attenuation performance using a one-dimensional waveguide structure composed of simple periodic expansion chambers with a geometric defect. This defect is located at the center of the periodic structure and results from a modification in the length of the central chamber of the system. The objective is to study the properties of acoustic transmission and transmission loss and to examine the effect of defects in a periodic acoustic structure. The system’s spatial periodicity enables us to design wide band gaps where sound waves cannot propagate. This characteristic is very important for reducing noise in our environment. The effect of the cross-sectional ratio on the band gap behavior was also examined in this work. In addition, we have shown that the presence of a defect in a regular structure leads to a perturbation of the structure’s spatial periodicity. This leads to the creation of defect modes or resonance modes in the band gaps. We also controlled the number and amplitude of defect peaks within the band gap by varying the length of the defect. The results of this work are of interest for various applications, such as the creation of wide acoustic bands, low-frequency noise reduction, and acoustic wave filtering.
The spatiotemporal variation in lead and zinc contents in the Moulouya River (northeastern Morocco)
Authors: Ben Cheikh Boumediene , Khoukhi Yahya , Arabi Mourad , Chafi Abdelhafid , Omari Abdelouadoud , Benyoussef Said
Published: May 2024

In the context of the challenges imposed by climate change, which exerts constant pressure on water security in Morocco, the Moulouya River, one of the main sources of surface water, frequently undergoes spatiotemporal variations in its quality. This situation is particularly worrying in the upstream part of the river, where the old Zaida mine is located, which is now inactive and leaves significant residues in the form of slag heaps in direct contact with the waters of the Moulouya River. To assess the impact of this abandoned mining waste, eight (08) water sampling stations (S1 to S8) were chosen to analyse the concentrations of two (02) essential metals, namely, lead and zinc. The results revealed lead concentrations of approximately 0.13 mg/L on average during the dry period and 0.09 mg/L during the humid period. The average zinc concentration was 0.29 mg/L during the dry season and 0.32 mg/L during the humid season. The maximum concentrations were recorded at the stations closest to the aforementioned mine, in particular, S1, S2 and S3. Other maximum concentrations were observed at station S6. These results highlighted the significant impact of mining slag heaps exposed to the open sky on the physico-chemical and metallic quality of Moulouya waters. This finding highlights the urgency of continued monitoring of this vital water resource to protect it against potential risks of contamination.
A remarkable step in the aerobic biological treatment of Olive Mill Wastewater (OMW): A combination of selected microbial strains that enhance their decolorization and depollution
Authors: Bouigua Hassan , Bakali Raifa , Jaber Hassna , El Kabous Karima , Choukri Soumaya , Elyachioui Mohamed , Ouhssine Mohammed
Published: May 2024

The olive industry extracts oil from olives but also generates solid co-products called pomace and liquid wastes known as Olive Mill Wastewater (OMW). With global annual production exceeding 30 million tons and approximately 685,000 tons in Morocco alone, these wastes pose environmental challenges due to their high acidity, organic load, and phenolic compounds. Our research aims to depollute and recycle OMW using aerobic biological treatment methods. Samples were collected from various ecological sites across four Moroccan regions. We isolated and purified several strains of molds, yeasts, and bacteria capable of decolorizing OMW. Decolorization experiments revealed promising results, with a combination of seven selected molds showing significant reductions in chemical oxygen demand (COD) by 71.44%, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) by 69.91%, and polyphenols content by 84.22%. Encouraged by these findings, we propose further treatment using sourdoughs composed of combinations of different pure strains, including yeasts and selected bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This approach demonstrates a practical and cost-effective method for depolluting and recycling OMW, contributing to environmental protection and human health preservation. By mitigating the risks associated with untreated OMW discharge, this study offers a viable solution to the environmental challenges posed by olive processing industries globally, particularly in regions like Morocco where olive cultivation is significant.
Human activities and sustainability of the sea
Authors: Maaroufi Fatiha , El Malki Mohamed , Arabi Mourad , Mechkirrou Latifa
Published: May 2024

The marine system is undergoing profound changes, following global change, rising sea levels as a consequence of rising temperature, significant biogeochemical transformations having multiple impacts in terms of environmental biodiversity and resources. The phenomenon of coastalization represents a fundamental factor of evolution. The coastal population represents more than 60% of the world’s population and continues to grow rapidly through immigration; the population rate expected in 2020 will be 75%. Coastal urbanization is increasing with the creation of coastal mega-cities. This has the consequences of increasing pressure on the coastal terrain and pressure on marine resources. This paper is a short review that reported the danger which face the coastal heritage with a case study on Morocco.
Optimal industrial localization by using geographic information systems in the Nador province (northeast of Morocco)
Authors: El Monhim Bilal , Makkoui Mohamed , Benrbia Khadija
Published: May 2024

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is one of the most accurate, analytical, results-based, and decision-making tools. In this context, we will try to apply this technique to the best geographical locations for the construction of industrial units in the Nador region (north-eastern Morocco); But these units vary according to the manufacturing branches. The factors in control of light industries vary compared to heavy industries. considerations in the localization of building materials units vary compared to textile units. Thus, the criteria adopted in the localization of industrial units and their indicators differ. We decided to determine several factors that influence plant location, such as proximity to industrial units, proximity standards to cities, road density, topography nature, ports, raw materials, railways, and other factors. We find that the prime locations for establishing industrial facilities and developing industrial zones are the geographical regions neighboring the town of Selouane. The most significant areas for industrial investment cover approximately 1469 hectares, notably the flatlands to the west of Selouane. Additionally, there are well-suited areas such as Azgangan, Beni Ansar, and Zaio, totaling approximately 14,211 hectares in the outskirts of these town.
Public Environmental Concern and Corporate Environmental Governance
Authors: Peng Hongyu , Chandarasupsang Tirapot
Published: May 2024

We examined the impact of public environmental concerns (PEC) on corporate environmental governance (CEG). Using Chinese listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock market as our research sample, we find that the higher the regional PEC, the better the level of CEG, and the positive effect of PEC on CEG is more significant in the sample of non-state owned enterprises. An examination of the influence mechanism finds that PEC increase government environmental attention and therefore more stringent government environmental regulations are developed to constrain corporate environmental decisions. This study will help us better understand the unique role of the public in corporate environmental strategy in the Internet era.
Coagulation-flocculation parameters for simultaneous removal of nitrates, nitrites, phosphates, and ammonium from wastewater: A mini review
Authors: Zaki Najlae , Charki Asmae , Hadoudi Nouhaila , Fraiha Oumaima , El Ouarghi Hossain , Salhi Amin , Amhamdi Hassan , Ahari M’hamed
Published: May 2024

This mini review delves into the critical need to effectively eliminate nitrates, nitrites, phosphates, and ammonium from wastewater to mitigate environmental pollution and uphold water quality standards. Stemming from various human activities like agricultural runoff, industrial processes, and municipal discharges, these pollutants pose significant risks to both aquatic ecosystems and human health if left unaddressed. The study primarily focuses on the efficacy of coagulation-flocculation as a treatment method, which involves the addition of chemicals known as coagulants to destabilize the pollutants. The review further examines the influence of various parameters such as pH, coagulant dosage, and temperature on the simultaneous removal of these contaminants [1,2]. Through detailed analysis, it elucidates the complex interactions among these factors and their consequential impact on overall removal efficiency. Moreover, it underscores the significance of adopting advanced treatment methods like coagulation-flocculation. Additionally, it emphasizes the ongoing need for further research and optimization to address the evolving challenges of wastewater pollution and water resource management comprehensively. By providing insights into optimizing coagulation-flocculation processes, this review underscores the importance of tailored treatment strategies for comprehensive pollutant removal.
Self-Sustainability for green energy in megacities: A case Study of Shanghai towards Net-Zero Goal
Authors: Zhou Ziang
Published: May 2024

China’s ambitious 2060 net-zero carbon emission goal places increasing pressure on megacities to transition towards green energy self-sustainability. This paper delves into the feasibility of this target using a case study of Shanghai, the largest city in the world’s highest emitting nation. In the study, both quantitative and qualitative evaluations involving literature review, ArcGIS, and approximation analysis were applied to calculate the total amount of electricity that local could generate and maximize for renewable energy in order to fulfill the percentage of Shanghai’s energy demand. Through discussing various renewable methods such as solar, wind, tidal, and geothermal power, it projects the city’s potential for renewable energy self-sufficiency from now to 2060. The outcome of this study aims to: (1) Evaluate the vicinity and feasibility of green energy self-sustainability in megacities, considering the trade-off between ideal scenarios and real-world limitations; (2) Determine the necessity and potential volume of imported electricity under different renewable energy scenarios for Shanghai; (3) Provide a practical reference for other cities to benchmark their own renewable energy infrastructure development and assess their progress towards net-zero emissions; (4) Identify existing gaps and challenges that need to be addressed to achieve green energy self-sustainability in large urban centers. By offering a detailed analysis of Shanghai’s renewable energy potential and its implications for China’s national target, this study is expected to contribute to the broader discourse on urban decarburization and paves the way for a greener future for megacities worldwide.
Roller compacted concrete technology for vehicle parking area solutions
Authors: Dutkiewicz Maciej , Yildirim Ahmet , Stałowski Przemysław , Erhan Yücel Hasan
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the article is presenting the application of the roller compacted concrete (RCC) as alternative solution to asphalt parking places and roads, showing the advantages and further possibilities for development of RCC in wide range of projects. RCC is produced similar to conventional concrete. However, RCC is zero slump concrete unlike conventional concrete. In this study the construction for parking area in RCC technology is presented for the real project. Presented cases concern heavy and light vehicles parking areas. The experimental results shows the very good quality of RCC placed on site, high compressive strength of the concrete, good workability of the concrete mixture that allows for proper placing of the concrete. RCC provides better mechanical-durable properties, more economical and less carbon footprint based on proper compaction and on lower water/cement ratio comparing to conventional concrete. The article draws attention to the role of the soil under the RCC as well, which should be designed and prepared on site with an appropriate stiffness and should be made according to the requirements resulting from the use of RCC. Such a comprehensive implementation of the soil-RCC subbase system guarantees the proper quality, load-bearing capacity and durability of the structure of the parking places as well as roads, for the assumed period of operation.
Chemical and physical identification and classification of an artificial soil (circular economy)
Authors: Pais Luís Andrade , Gomes Luís Ferreira , Carvalho Paulo , Cavaleiro Victor
Published: May 2024

The perception and explanation of changes in the mechanical behaviour of contaminated soils are associated with physical classification and chemical composition. Elements are evolutionary in this type of soil and in the context of a contaminated environment. Let’s start by evaluating a group of artificial soils. The matrix is a granitic residual soil with a mixture (M) of hydraulic lime with used lubricating oil. The samples used have proportions of 5, 10, 15 and 20% of M in the residual granitic soil. A soil sample with 5% oil (OS5) was also made, which constitutes the optimal oil content in the soil. Afterwards, the alteration of the physical-chemical identification and the evolutionary classifications of these artificial soils were studied. The structure of the soil is altered, and this is associated with the flocculation of fine particles by the effect of lime and oil and will probably influence the mechanical behaviour of the soils. In chemical terms, it is assumed an increase in the leaching index, a decrease in the chemical mobility index and an increase in losses when it comes to artificial samples. These indices show some potential in the assessment of pollution, but eventually need adjustments, mainly in the scales.
Bioremediation of urban soils contaminated with oil by-products - case study Cuenca, Ecuador
Authors: Polibio Martínez Vega Augusto , Eulalia Abad Terán Mónica , Fernando Iglesias Abad Sergio , Salvador Álvarez Vera Manuel
Published: May 2024

In Ecuador and several Latin American countries, the degree of contamination of urban soils by hazardous waste from petroleum derivatives is a matter of great concern, because according to the Environmental Protection Agency of the United States explains that a gallon of used lubricating oil contaminates a million gallons of water, the same that meets the needs of fifty people per year [1]. When oil is spilled on the land, it causes infertility in the soil because the used oil contains hydrocarbons that cause the death of the soil and transforms the vegetation into inert. Despite the existence of legislation regulating the use, storage, processing and treatment of waste, there are very few efficient methods that guarantee adequate environmental management of urban soil, either because they are technically complex or economically unfeasible. The objective of this research is to technically and economically evaluate the bioremediation of urban soils contaminated with petroleum derivatives in the city of Cuenca, Ecuador, using Pseudomonas bacteria. There are different methodologies and methods for soil remediation, the technique used for the recovery of soils contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons in this research was bioremediation, through the application of an association of Pseudomonas bacteria obtained from the same soil, a technique called bio augmentation, and applied in three different concentrations and on the four soil samples obtained from the mechanics of the city of Cuenca. The Pseudomonas bacteria obtained, especially aeruginosa and fluorescence, demonstrated in the experimentation that they have the property of degrading hydrocarbons derived from petroleum, by feeding on carbon compounds in an exponential manner. For the calculation of the remediation cost-benefit, the value of the benefit acquired is divided by the remediation cost found. If the value is higher than the unit, the relation presents benefits; the relation obtained is 5.077, allowing to establish that the remediation process studied is economically viable. It is concluded that the method used is adequate and does not alter the soil with the introduction of foreign bacteria to it, in addition, the method studied serves for the remediation of soils contaminated with non-volatile petroleum hydrocarbons. The cost of its implementation is economically viable.
Evaluation of the use of residual soils of the Batolito of Antioqueño stabilized with quicklime for the construction of embankments and mechanically stabilized retaining structures
Authors: Rivera Natalia , Velásquez Germán , Hidalgo Cesar
Published: May 2024

In general, road construction requires the exploitation of large quantities of granular materials, and this generates significant economic and environmental impacts. The use of excavated materials for the construction of fills, embankments and reinforced earth retaining structures is an ideal solution to reduce the exploitation of raw materials. However, the use of excavated materials can be limited when these materials are fine-grained or have low mechanical specifications. In this sense, soils stabilized with quicklime have become a viable alternative for road construction, reducing the use of quarried materials. Although there are standards and techniques for the use of quicklime improved soils for pavements, today the evaluation process of these materials for embankment and fill construction is not well established. This paper presents the results of an investigation to determine the impact of quicklime soil stabilization on the design of embankments and retaining structures reinforced with geosynthetics. First, a road embankment is presented for which a sensitivity analysis was carried out in terms of geometry and volume of material required. Secondly, a mechanically stabilized wall with geosynthetics is presented in which a sensitivity analysis is performed in terms of the amount of geotextile reinforcement required. In both cases, the models were analyzed using the shear strength parameters of a residual soil of the Antioquian batholith in its natural state and stabilized with quicklime obtained in laboratory tests. A quicklime content of 2% and design processes according to Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) manuals were used. The results show that in the embankment a reduction in the volume of material is obtained when using stabilized soil of around 15%, since greater slopes and heights can be used with respect to the geometry of the soil in its natural state. In the case of the stabilized wall, a reduction of approximately 50% in the amount of geosynthetics required was observed, since with the case of stabilized soil it is possible to achieve layer reinforcements of greater thickness and lower strength than those obtained with the soil in its natural state. Both cases show that the implementation of soils stabilized with quicklime can be beneficial in terms of costs since a reduction in resources and materials can be achieved.
Review of methods for deflected buildings located in mining area of Upper Silesia
Authors: Gromysz Krzysztof
Published: May 2024

The underground coal mining creates the post-mining void, which causes displacements of a massif, both above and under the void. One of the consequences of underground mining is a change in inclination of the surface area. Hence, buildings in the mining area are vertically deflected. This paper presents the procedure for constructions whose deflection was caused by underground coal mining in Upper Silesia. It describes the historical approach, theoretical analyses, and successful rectification processes performed by non-uniform elevation of buildings. The reviewed literature on procedures for deflected building, some of themobserved by the author, and the concepts described in the literature lead to conclusions that the method guaranteeing the purpose of restoring the deflected building is rectification based on non-uniformelevation of jacks with pistons. The scope of other methods is limited to very special cases.