bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Effective Diabetic Retinopathy Detection System using Deep Belief Nets and Adaptive Learning in Cloud Environment
Authors: Modi Praveen , Kumar Yuga
Published: July 2023

The major reason behind the blindness of the diabetes patients is diabetic retinopathy. It can be characterized as an eye disease that affects the retina of eye due to diabetes mellitus. The detection of diabetic retinopathy in early stage is a challenging task to ophthalmologists. This paper presents a diabetic retinopathy detection system for accurate detection of DR in the patients. The proposed diabetic retinopathy detection system is the combination of several preprocessing technique and deep belief nets. The aim of preprocessing technique is to enhance the images, edge detection, and segmentation. Further, the deep belief nets are adopted for the accurate detection of DR. But, the parameter tuning of weight, bias and learning rate have significant impact on the performance of deep belief nets. This work also addresses these issues of deep belief nets though an adaptive learning strategy for learning rate and updated mechanism for weight and bias issues. The proposed system is implemented in cloud environment. It is utilized to store the information regarding DR and communication between doctors and patients. Further, the efficacy of the proposed diabetic retinopathy detection system is tested over an image dataset and it comprises of three thousand two hundred eye images include with diabetes retinopathy and no diabetes retinopathy. The results are evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F1-Score and AUC parameters. The results of proposed system are compared with KNN, SVM, ANN, InceptionV3, VGG16 and VGG19 techniques. The results showed that proposed diabetic retinopathy detection system obtains 91.28% of accuracy, 93.46% of sensitivity, 94.84 of specificity and 94.14 of F1-Score rates than other techniques using 10-cross fold validation method. Hence, it is stated that proposed system detects diabetes retinopathy more accurate than other techniques.
Computer Hardware and Network Data Transmission based on Internet of Things Communication Technology
Authors: Wang Ling
Published: July 2023

In order to meet the requirements of computer hardware and network data transmission security, a research based on Internet of Things communication technology is proposed. The main content of this research is the research based on the communication technology of the Internet of Things, through the description of the communication protocol of the Internet of Things, the system hardware design and implementation methods are used, and finally the research method based on the communication technology of the Internet of Things is constructed through experiments and analysis. The core technologies of 5G connectivity are being used to construct the IOT. As a result, the IOT might gain momentum. The experimental findings demonstrate that the delays are all within 200 Ms. When the message size is short (within 1KB), the transmission of diverse hardware is average, and the transmission quality standards of QoS1 are fulfilled. The transmission quality standards of QoS1 can match the communication reliability and security needs of the Internet of Things. This article evaluates the performance of data transfers with lengths of 20 byte, 30 byte, 50 byte, and 70 byte, respectively. This paper evaluates the efficiency of Wi-Fi access configuration by sending data packets of varying sizes i.e., 10 bytes, 30 bytes, 50 bytes, and 70 bytes over a distribution network. The results show that, on average, the network takes 0.6692s, 1.3546s, 2.8600s, and 4.7319s to deliver each packet, with success rates of 100% in each case. The system's increased network distribution efficiency is observed from the experimentation. The research based on the Internet of Things communication technology can meet the needs of computer hardware and network data transmission security.
Application of Association Rule Mining Algorithm based on 5G Technology in Information Management System
Authors: Gao Juan , Chen Zidi
Published: July 2023

In this paper, an application method of association rule mining algorithm based on 5G technology in information management system is proposed to solve the problems of long running time and low processing efficiency in traditional financial information processing system. The association rule mining algorithm's employment in information management systems is the main topic of this research study, which is based on 5G technology. The efficiency and efficacy of information management systems have a lot of room to grow with the introduction of 5G. Large datasets may be mined for patterns and associations using the potent approach known as association rule mining. We want to improve the performance of information management systems by fusing association rule mining with the capabilities of 5G technology. The experimental findings indicate that in the first group of trials, the traditional system’s time for information mining is identical to that of the developed system, which is around one minute. The typical system's time to mine financial information, however, steadily grows with the amount of experimental data. The difference between the two is most obvious in the sixth experiment. Because the design system can delve deeply into the financial information, the overall information mining time of the financial information management system based on the association rule mining algorithm of the design is shorter. It is confirmed that the system for automatically processing financial information described in this study has a high level of processing accuracy and a positive processing outcome.
Development of Silane Functionalized ZnO Nanoparticles for Enhancing Anticorrosion Application
Authors: Mable Pinto Geetha , Devadiga Apoorva
Published: August 2023

The effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles surface modified with N-[3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine (15.5 nm) on mild steel in 0.5M HCl at five different concentrations and temperatures has been studied using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Tafel polarization curves. Results show that the inhibition efficiency of synthesized mixed type of inhibitor increases up to 40˚C and then decreases because of both physical and chemical adsorption. The activation parameters calculated using Arrhenius plot confirmed chemical adsorption process. Adsorption process follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm and free energy of adsorption values proved the spontaneous adsorption of inhibitor on mild steel sample. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis also showed that the synthesized nanoparticle is efficient as corrosion inhibitor. Green synthetic method was adopted in synthesis of inhibitor by using Phyllanthus Emblica (Gooseberry) extract. The inhibitor was characterized by Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-Ray Diffraction techniques.
Vāda: An Analysis into its Origin, Traditions and Essence
Authors: Aggarwal Gupta Meenu , Kaur Kamalpreet , Vasdev Mohit
Published: August 2023

Vāda, the classical name for the act of discussion/debate in the Indian tradition, forms the basis of every conversation undertaken to reach correct knowledge. The paper explores the Indian tradition of Vāda and its subcategories with the intention of highlighting the all-encompassing and holistic nature of this Indian tool of cultural studies in both theory and praxis. It checks into its evolution through contemporary times, wherein it has lost its essence to accommodate the corrupted interests of modern individuals as well as leaders and debaters. Through the analysis of various examples, the paper endeavours to establish Vāda as a comprehensive way to attain correct knowledge. Examples from day-to-day life as well as the historic-literary world help to explicitly comprehend these tools that have been used for establishing the nearest truth from ancient times in India. These tools are potent to all aspects of research across spatial-temporal limits as they are innate and immutable to all disciplines of knowledge and education.
The Absurdity of Hinduism: Gandhi’s Ideas on Religion and Truth
Authors: Pandeya Sri Ram
Published: August 2023

This paper seeks to provide a renewed meaning to the idea of truth by enclosing it within Gandhi’s rhetorical use of the term religion. The religion that he seeks to present to us as Hinduism is absurd on all fronts, it is argued here. It is through such absurdity that he infuses notions of validity and obeyance on his own terms to take us to profuse criticisms of not only colonial but civilizational modernity as well. Further a newer meaning is given to Hinduism in a rather unexpected manner even in the context of the Indian national movement. The point about political conservatism, the element of exoticism and God takes us to adventures around truth by a thinker-activist speaking as a colonial subject.
Factors Affecting Accessible Tourism – A Case of Pilgrimage Destinations in Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Venkat Neelapala , Mishra Jitendra Mohan , Das Adyasha
Published: August 2023

Every tourism attraction ought to provide a sense of safety and accessibility for visitors. The UNWTO's 2016 motto and vision statement, "Tourism for everyone," states that an accessible tourism component must be a part of every country's tourist policy. The issue suggests that approximately 16% of the Indian population has a disability, so the governments should implement the essential measures for accessible tourist development. The over-60 age demographic is expanding at a greater rate than any other age group due to rising life expectancy and falling birth rates. The current research endeavors to ascertain the elements that influence the travel habits of the elderly and those with disabilities who travel to the temples in Andhra Pradesh as pilgrims. The statistics also indicate that 5.8% of Andhra Pradesh's population is comprised of people with disabilities. In order to examine the factors and satisfaction level of senior citizens and physically challenged tourists, the study employs a structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis. For the current study from the four behavior factors, the standardized regression weight is highest for means of transport, revealed that it is most influential factor determine the satisfaction of senior citizens and physically challenged tourists.
The impact of aggressive behavior of patients on staff employed in psychiatric wards
Authors: Sternal Danuta , Gaweł Dariusz , Bąk Ewelina
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Aggression and violence in the workplace are phenomena that occur more and more often, especially towards the staff working in Psychiatric Wards. The effects of these behaviors may be disturbances in the sphere of professional, social and mental health of employees.Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to analyze the phenomenon of patient aggression, to determine the frequency of patients' aggressive behavior and to assess their impact on the staff.Material and methods: The study was conducted among the staff working in the Bielsko Psychiatry Centre. The study used the diagnostic survey method, the research tool that was used in the work was a self-questionnaire.Results: Aggression of patients was experienced by 100% of the respondents. The most common manifestations of verbal aggression are vulgar words and shouting, and physical hitting and jerking. Physicians have less contact with physical aggression than other personnel. Despite this, most staff do not intend to change their place of employment and try to solve and prevent dangerous situations and minimize aggression on the part of patients with their professional approach to the patient. After attacks of aggression, the staff most often turns to a colleague for help and does not use the help of a psychologist.Conclusions: The analysis of the obtained data showed that aggression on the part of patients is a frequent phenomenon in the work of psychiatric ward staff.
Health behaviors of nurses in terms of nutrition and physical activity
Authors: Sternal Danuta , Studencka Agata , Bąk Ewelina
Published: July 2023

Introduction
An important direct factor determining human health are health behaviors that are part of the lifestyle. Health behaviors are conscious actions taken to strengthen and increase the potential of one's own health. Nurses, due to their education and interdisciplinary competences, should be characterized by a high level of health awareness and motivation.
Aim of the study
The aim of the study was to analyze selected health behaviors among the nursing staff employed at the Railway Hospital in Wilkowice in terms of assessing the possibility of increasing preventive measures.
Material and methods:
The research was carried out using the diagnostic survey method and a standardized scale - Juczyński's Health Behavior Inventory on a group of 100 nurses.
Results:
The group of surveyed nurses was characterized by the highest health behaviors in terms of positive mental attitude and proper eating habits, lower in terms of preventive behaviors and health practices. There were also many anti-health behaviors, such as: non-compliance with the principles of healthy eating, insufficient physical activity.
Conclusions:
Measures should be taken to prevent and promote health among nurses.
Gaussian Process-Based Random Search for Continuous Optimization via Simulation
Authors: Wang Xiuxian , Hong L. Jeff , Jiang Zhibin , Shen Haihui
Published: August 2023

A gaussian process-based random search framework for continuous optimization via simulation

Stochastic optimization via simulation (OvS) is widely used for optimizing the performances of complex systems with continuous decision variables. Because of the existence of simulation noise and infinite feasible solutions, it is challenging to design an efficient mechanism to do the searching and estimation simultaneously to find the optimal solutions. In “Gaussian process-based random search for continuous optimization via simulation,” Wang et al. propose a Gaussian process-based random search (GPRS) framework for the design of single-observation and adaptive continuous OvS algorithms. This framework builds a Gaussian process surrogate model to estimate the objective function value of every solution based on a single observation of each sampled solution in each iteration and allow for a wide range of sampling distributions. They prove the global convergence and analyze the rate of convergence for algorithms under the GPRS framework. They also give a specific example of GPRS algorithms and validate its theoretical properties and practical efficiency using numerical experiments.
Development of retroperitoneal abscess following routine injection of triamcinolone for musculoskeletal pain
Authors: Sullivan Sierra , Fenner Blayne , McCool Hannah , Davalos Jesus , Mittal Neha
Published: July 2023

Glucocorticoid intramuscular injections are a quick, routine procedure done in an outpatient setting to relieve musculoskeletal pain quickly. However, despite being a low-risk procedure it can lead to local infections, including abscess and skin necrosis, and even more rarely, bacteraemia and multi-organ failure. In this case, we present a healthy, immunocompetent woman in her 40s diagnosed with a retroperitoneal abscess due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus after an intramuscular injection of triamcinolone.
Leading the Race
Authors: Excell Mike
Published: August 2023

Machine tools, and the selection of the right ones for the job, underpin our manufactured world, from the glamour of F1 to the workaday business of … machine tool production.
The effect of colony translocation on meliponaries of Melipona scutellaris (L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from northeastern Brazil by morphogeometric analysis
Authors: Araujo Edilson Divino de , Pinto Hanna Angélica Santos , Silva Wilson Romão Toledo da , Nunes Lorena Andrade
Published: August 2023

This study investigated the morphometric variation in Melipona scutellaris stingless bees rational hive boxes from five states, inserted into the natural range of the species occurrence in northeastern Brazil.  The cluster analysis (UPGMA) showed three distinct groups by determining the cutoff point. The multivariate analysis were performed using MANOVA and Canonical Variables for the shape analysis. The One-Way ANOVA was used to assess differences in centroid size. The results showed population divergence between localities limited by geographical barriers or great distances, corroborating previous observations by the UPGMA. Variation between colonies inter-state was higher that intra-state and, in most cases, Geometric Morphometrics was effective in identifying the origin of colonies transported to other states, observed in the cross-validation analysis that showed more than 70% of classification accuracy. Geometric Morphometrics could be used to evaluate the introduction of colonies within the kindred meliponary.  Natural populations of Melipona scutellaris show a significant variation, which brings important implications to meliponiculture and to conservation strategies for this endangered species.
Analytical study on the atmospheric absorption properties of fiber lasers in a 1  µm band
Authors: Su Ang , Xu Xiaojun , Sun Quan , Ning Yu , He Yulong , Xi Fengjie
Published: August 2023

Atmospheric absorption is one of the significant factors influencing the atmospheric propagation efficiency of high-power fiber lasers. Based on typical atmospheric environment parameters, the atmospheric absorption (aerosol and atmospheric molecular absorption) of fiber lasers with different linewidths and center wavelengths in a near 1 µm band is numerically calculated. The results show that the atmospheric absorption of common (several nanometer scales) and narrow linewidth (<1nm scale) lasers have distinctly different external characteristics, but the intrinsic mechanisms are interconnected. Due to the high wavelength selectivity of atmospheric molecular absorption, this work focuses on the factors influencing water vapor (main absorbing gas) absorption of different linewidth lasers and the corresponding low absorption region. Based on the fine atmospheric absorption spectra of different types of fiber lasers, the output spectra of fiber lasers can be artificially designed to avoid strong absorption during atmospheric propagation and achieve improved high-energy laser propagation efficiency. The above method provides a partial reference for designing and optimizing the light source parameters of high-power fiber lasers for atmospheric propagation.
Municipality-level measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine coverage and deprivation in Brazil: A nationwide ecological study, 2006 to 2020
Authors: Godin Audrey , Pescarini Julia M. , Raja Amber I. , Paixao Enny S. , Ichihara Maria Yury , Sato Ana Paula S. , Smeeth Liam , Barreto Mauricio L. , Brickley Elizabeth B.
Published: August 2023

To better understand the declining rates of routine childhood vaccination in Brazil, we investigated the association between measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) first dose vaccine coverage and deprivation at the municipality level. Using routinely collected data from 5565 Brazilian municipalities from 2006 to 2020, we investigated the association between municipality-level MMR vaccine first dose coverage (i.e., as a continuous variable and as a percentage of municipalities attaining the 95% target coverage) in relation to quintiles of municipality-level deprivation, measured by the Brazilian Deprivation Index (Índice Brasileiro de Privação, IBP), and geographic regions. From 2006 to 2020, the mean municipality-level MMR vaccine coverage declined across all deprivation quintiles and regions of Brazil, by an average of 1.2% per year. The most deprived quintile of municipalities had higher coverage on average, but also the steepest declines in coverage (i.e., an annual decline of 1.64% versus 0.61% in the least deprived quintile) in the period of 2006–2020, and the largest drop in coverage at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic (2019–2020). Across all deprivation quintiles and regions (except for the Southeast region), less than 50% of municipalities in Brazil met the 95% MMR coverage target in 2020.The decrease in MMR first dose vaccine coverage in Brazil is widespread, but steeper declines have been observed in the most deprived municipalities. To promote vaccine equity and prevent future outbreaks, further research is urgently needed to understand the causal mechanisms underlying the observed associations between municipality-level MMR vaccine coverage and deprivation.
Perceived value and its relationship to satisfaction and loyalty in cultural coastal destinations: A study in Huanchaco, Peru
Authors: Regalado-Pezúa Otto , Carvache-Franco Mauricio , Carvache-Franco Orly , Carvache-Franco Wilmer
Published: August 2023

Coastal tourism offers a wide variety of activities related to nature and culture in a sustainable environment. The present study in a coastal destination with cultural characteristics aims to (i) establish the dimensions of perceived value, (ii) determine the relationship between perceived value and satisfaction, and (iii) identify the relationship between perceived value and loyalty in variables such as return, recommendation, and word of mouth in a cultural coastal destination. This quantitative research used a sample of 384 valid questionnaires collected in Huanchaco, Peru, a city next to the Pacific Ocean, being a coastal destination with cultural potential. Factor analysis and multiple regression were applied for data analysis. The results show three dimensions of value perceived by tourists in coastal destinations: emotional and social value, economic value, and functional value. Of these, emotional and social value is the most salient predictor of tourist satisfaction and loyalty. These results will serve as management guides for cultural coastal destination managers and contribute to the academic literature.
High throughput isolation of RNA from single-cells within an intact tissue for spatial and temporal sequencing a reality
Authors: Stanley John , Lohith Akshar , Debiaso Lucca , Wang Kevan , Ton Minh , Cui Wenwu , Gu Weiwei , Fu Aihua , Pourmand Nader
Published: August 2023

Single-cell transcriptomics is essential for understanding biological variability among cells in a heterogenous population. Acquiring high-quality single-cell sequencing data from a tissue sample has multiple challenges including isolation of individual cells as well as amplification of the genetic material. Commercially available techniques require the isolation of individual cells from a tissue through extensive manual manipulation before single cell sequence data can be acquired. However, since cells within a tissue have different dissociation constants, enzymatic and mechanical manipulation do not guarantee the isolation of a homogenous population of cells. To overcome this drawback, in this research we have developed a revolutionary approach that utilizes a fully automated nanopipette technology in combination with magnetic nanoparticles to obtain high quality sequencing reads from individual cells within an intact tissue thereby eliminating the need for manual manipulation and single cell isolation. With the proposed technology, it is possible to sample an individual cell within the tissue multiple times to obtain longitudinal information. Single-cell RNAseq was achieved by aspirating only1-5% of sub-single-cell RNA content from individual cells within fresh frozen tissue samples. As a proof of concept, aspiration was carried out from 22 cells within a breast cancer tissue slice using quartz nanopipettes. The mRNA from the aspirate was then selectively captured using magnetic nanoparticles. The RNAseq data from aspiration of 22 individual cells provided high alignment rates (80%) with 2 control tissue samples. The technology is exceptionally simple, quick and efficient as the entire cell targeting and aspiration process is fully automated.
Metodologias ativas aplicadas a Administração e áreas afins: revisão das publicações nacionais e internacionais
Authors: Comin Lidiane Cássia , Laviniki Juliane , Ciotti Rogério
Published: August 2023

Diferentes estratégias de ensinar estão sendo investigadas como forma de promover o desenvolvimento do aluno no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Essas práticas estão se destacando na literatura como metodologias ativas de aprendizagem. Este estudo apresenta uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre o uso de metodologias ativas aplicadas ao ensino superior, em específico, cursos de Administração e áreas afins. Seu objetivo é compreender o que vem sendo estudado sobre o tema, e identificar na literatura a aplicação de metodologias ativas nos cursos de Administração e áreas afins e suas contribuições. A partir da revisão do escopo da literatura, foi possível um levantamento da produção científica publicada sobre o tema, nas bases de dados como, Spell, Scopus e Web of Science. Foi identificada uma amostra final de artigos científicos que tratam da temática, os quais foram categorizados e analisados, conforme metodologia empregada. Os resultados demonstram que o uso das metodologias ativas no ensino superior, nos cursos da área da Administração, ainda não é uma prática recorrente e contínua, sendo raros os estudos que apresentam a aplicação de metodologias ativas, e ainda outros que discutam e avaliam a aplicação das metodologias utilizadas. Desta forma, é possível delinear um campo de pesquisa com potencial para buscar práticas metodológicas diferenciadas aplicadas pelas instituições de ensino superior (IES), e avaliar e analisar as experiências já tidas na área, como forma de promover a aplicação das metodologias ativas no ensino superior.
Challenges in preservation of functional objects in museological context: the role of documentation in safeguarding of musical instruments collections
Authors:   IHA NOVA FCSH/IN2PAST, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal, Furtado Cláudia
Published: July 2023

Musical instruments are objects that, like scientific and industrial objects, were not built to be observed. Their creation purpose is based on a specific cultural function: to be played. This purpose can be momentarily recovered within museums, when the instruments incorporated in the collections are played in performative events such as concerts, recital, among others. Museological documentation assumes a particularly relevant role in this context, not only in the preservation of the material support of musical instruments, but also in safeguarding information about the records of performative events as part of the history of these objects. This article aims to raise some considerations about the role of documentation as part of the conservation of museological objects, with a particular focus on musical instruments collections.
The Scottish transport and industry collections knowledge network (STICK)
Authors:   National Museums Scotland, Chambers Street, Edinburgh, EH1 1JF, United Kingdom, Swinbank Ellie
Published: July 2023

The Scottish Transport and Industry Collections Knowledge Network (STICK) brings together a range of organisations and individuals who share a common interest in transport and industrial collections and promoting their care and enjoyment. While a multi-disciplinary steering group drives it forward, STICK is its members and their passion and knowledge. STICK facilitates shared learning and knowledge exchange through projects, events and active communication that have drawn on the knowledge and expertise of participants to achieve the aims of the group. STICK’s engaged membership and the success of its projects demonstrate the network’s strengths but, as an informal body, it faces various challenges as well. It is looking to use learning from its work to date, along with the combined experience and needs of its steering group and members, to address these challenges and continue to bring people together and achieve good outcomes for the sector in the future.
The conservative restoration brings the 1907 Fiat 130 HP back on the track
Authors: Lorenzone Davide , Armigliato Chiara , Pani Ilaria
Published: July 2023

The Fiat 130 HP, from the collection of the Museo Nazionale dell’Automobile of Torino, was the winner (driven by Turinese driver Felice Nazzaro) of the 1907 Grand Prix of the French Automobile Club, which took place on the Dieppe circuit. The car underwent a painstaking conservative and functional restoration from 2019 to 2021: this restoration has been essential for the museum to consolidate a new method, which considers historic cars as works of art and which follows the restoration guidelines of cultural heritage. Interventions were coordinated by MAUTO Restoration Center and carried out by craftsmen specialized in this sector. They included both the mechanics, which required thorough works, including the reconstruction of structural elements of the engine, and the bodywork, whose original color was rediscovered through scientific analyses. Other elements, which had been changed over the years and did not respect the original features of the vehicle, were corrected.
Tri-Lineage Differentiation of NTERA2 Clone D1 Cells towards Neural, Hepatic and Osteogenic Lineages in Vitro
Authors: Szeky Balázs , Mayer B. , Gyongy M. , Hajdara A. , Barsi S. , Karpati S. , Nemeth K.
Published: July 2023

Over the past decades, thein vitrouse of pluripotent cell lines gained a crucial role in toxicology, preclinical drug testing and developmental biology. NTERA2 clone D1 cells were identified as pluripotent cells with high potential for neural differentiation. Although they are commonly used cellular sources in neuropharmacology and neurodevelopmental studies, their endodermal and mesodermal differentiation potential awaits further characterization. Here, we devised improved protocols for hepatogenic and osteogenic differentiation of NTERA2 clone D1 cells. Ourin vitrodifferentiation assays showed significant up-regulation of multiple hepatogenic markers. We also observed robust mineralization and osteogenic marker expression of NTERA2 clone D1 cells upon in vitro osteogenic induction. These results suggest that NTERA2 clone D1 cells may be utilized as anin vitromodel system to study various aspects of liver biology and osteogenesis. In addition, tri-lineage differentiation of NTERA2 clone D1 cells may serve as a simple experimental control system when validating pluripotency of other cell types.
MiR-503 Contributes to Glucocorticoid Sensitivity in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia via Targeting WNT3A
Authors: Tian C. , Liu L. , Zheng M. , Ye Z. , Chen R. , Lan Xiang
Published: July 2023

Abnormal accumulation of lymphoblasts in the blood and bone marrow is the main characteristic of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Glucocorticoids are effective drugs for ALL, while glucocorticoid resistance is an obstacle to ALL therapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in the drug resistance and modulate the response of ALL to glucocorticoids. The role of miR-503 in glucocorticoid sensitivity of ALL was investigated in this study. Firstly, T-leukaemic cells were isolated from patients with ALL. The human ALL cell line (CCRF/CEM) was incubated with dexamethasone to establish a glucocorticoid- resistant ALL cell line (CCRF/CEM-R). Data from MTT showed that IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) of dexamethasone in T-leukaemic cells isolated from glucocorticoid-resistant ALL patients or CCRF/CEM-R was increased compared with IC50 in T-leukaemic cells isolated from glucocorticoid- sensitive ALL patients or CCRF/CEM. MiR- 503 was down-regulated in glucocorticoid-resistant leukaemic cells and CCRF/CEM-R. Secondly, overexpression of miR-503 sensitized CCRF/CEM-R to dexamethasone. Moreover, over-expression of miR- 503 also promoted the sensitivity of ALL cells to dexamethasone. Thirdly, miR-503 bound to WNT3A mRNA and negatively regulated the expression of WNT3A. Over-expression of miR-503 reduced protein expression of nuclear β-catenin, and over-expression of WNT3A attenuated the miR-503 overexpression- induced decrease in nuclear β-catenin. Lastly, the over-expression of miR-503-induced increased sensitivity of ALL-resistant cells and CCRF/ CEM-R to dexamethasone was attenuated by overexpression of WNT3A. In conclusion, miR-503 targeted WNT3A mRNA to sensitize ALL cells to glucocorticoids through inactivation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
Prostaglandin F2α Causes Fast Degenerative Changes in Ovulated Mouse Oocytes
Authors: Kolarov A. I. , Hadzhinesheva V. P. , Chakarova I. V. , Zhivkova R. S. , Delimitreva S. M. , Markova M. D. , Mourdjeva M. S. , Nikolova Venera P.
Published: July 2023

The effects of prostaglandin F2α on the cytoskeleton and membrane organelles of oocytes was investigated by culturing ovulated mouse oocytes in its presence (50 or 100 ng/ml) for 3 h. Tubulin, fibrillar actin, membranes and chromatin were visualized by specific antibodies, phalloidin, lipophilic dye DiOC6 and Hoechst 33342, respectively. Control oocytes were characterized by a meiotic spindle with chromosomes aligned at its equator, and a cortical layer of microfilaments with an actin cap. Intracellular membranes were localized mostly in the central region in metaphase I and in a broader volume, but still excluding the cell periphery, in metaphase II, and were slightly concentrated around the chromosomes. In oocytes treated with 50 ng/ml prostaglandin, cortical actin staining was diminished, the membrane distribution was clustered, and chromosomes showed signs of misalignment despite the apparently preserved spindle. In cells treated with 100 ng/ml prostaglandin, both the spindle and the actin cortex had degenerated or disappeared as microscopic objects. Metaphase plates were on average broader and more disorganized than in the 50 ng/ml group, and the distribution of membrane organelles had become uniform. These effects, to our knowledge observed for the first time, did not require presence of the cumulus during the incubation. They could be regarded as acceleration of the oocyte postovulatory aging, in which cytoskeletal deterioration seemed to have a leading role.
Annäherungen an die Bedeutung und Funktion von šaḫūrū in altmesopotamischen Bauwerken
Authors: Schmitt Aaron
Published: August 2023

This paper discusses the written evidence for the word šaḫūru, which denotes a building or part of a building in Assyrian and Babylonian structures. A comparison of the textual evidence with the archaeological evidence from Aššur and Mari is used to consider the meaning and function of šaḫūru. Finally, it is discussed whether šaḫūru could have played a special role in the organization of festivals at the sites mentioned.
Artificial intelligence and posthumanist translation: ChatGPT versus the translator
Authors: Lee Tong King
Published: August 2023

Although automated translation has been available for decades in myriad forms, the implication of the current exponential advancement in artificial intelligence (AI) for communication in general and translation in particular is more starkly affrontational than ever. Although Large Language Models, of which ChatGPT is exemplary, were not specifically designed for translation purposes, they are attested to have attained a sufficient degree of technical sophistication as to generate translations that match or surpass dedicated translation systems in the market like Google Translate and DeepL. This impacts the modus operandi of communication and the self-concept of language professionals including, of course, translators. This article asks how translation as a field of practice can best respond to this development. It critically reflects on the implications of AI for the conception of translation, arguing that an alternative framing around the idea of distribution allows us to rescale translation toward broader competencies and conceive of AI as a prosthesis of translators’ minds. The article advocates a posthumanist perspective on translation with a view to expanding its spectrum of skills, modes, and media as well as transcending the traditional personae of translators.
Primary mediastinum Ewing’s sarcoma with pleural effusion: A case report and literature review
Authors: Li Xuhong , Qi Shan , Zhu Taiwen , Jiang Ying , Wang Wei
Published: August 2023

Ewing’s sarcoma (ES) is an aggressive cancer in young adults. Primary ES occurring in the chest with pleural effusion is even rarer. We report the case of a 15-year-old girl who presented with intermittent chest pain occurring for more than 2 months and cough and wheezing for 10 days. Radiological imaging showed a large soft tissue mass with multiple small vessel shadows near the left mediastinum and bloody pleural effusion in the left thorax. ES was diagnosed by positive immunostaining for CD99, FLI-1, and NKX2 combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization detection of the EWSR1 gene arrangement. With chemotherapy, lung computed tomography revealed that the tumor had become much smaller, and the fluid was absorbed. We report a case of extraskeletal Ewing’s sarcoma (EES) in the mediastinum with pleural effusion, which is unusual and challenging. EES is a highly malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve the survival rate of patients.
Gewinn oder neue Hürde im politischen Alltag? Sprachreflexion als Element politischer Kommunikation und gegenwärtige Herausforderung (1949–2021)
Authors: Klammer Kristoffer
Published: July 2023

In den vergangenen sieben Jahrzehnten hat die Sprachsensibilität in – auch tagesaktuellen – politischen Debatten beständig zugenommen. Heute, so die Kernthese des Aufsatzes, müssen Argumente, um politisch bestehen und Erfolg zeitigen zu können, permanent dagegen abgesichert werden, sprachreflexiv angreifbar zu sein. Die Studie skizziert zunächst wichtige zeithistorische Entwicklungen, die zu diesem Maß an Sprachreflexion beigetragen haben, und zeigt auf, inwieweit sich dabei (bundes-)deutsche Spezifika und transnational wirkmächtige Entwicklungen miteinander verzahnten. Dazu synthetisiert sie zielgerichtet Einzelergebnisse eigener historisch-semantischer Forschungen sowie zahlreicher kommunikationsgeschichtlicher Arbeiten aus Geschichts- und Sprachwissenschaften. Sodann überführt der Aufsatz die Argumentation von einer zeithistorischen in eine Gegenwartsanalyse; sie fußt auf einem Korpus an Quellen aus den Jahren 2010 bis 2021, das Printmedien genauso berücksichtigt wie Webportale mit dezidiert politischen Inhalten. Hier fragt und diskutiert der Aufsatz, mit welchen neuen Herausforderungen sich Politikerinnen und Politiker infolge des weiter gewachsenen Ausmaßes und neuer Formen der Sprachsensibilität aktuell konfrontiert sehen. In der Summe strebt der Beitrag mithin einen zeithistorisch informierten Blick auf ein Gegenwartsphänomen (in) der politischen Kommunikation an, der zugleich als Diskussionsanregung in gegenwartsanalytischer Absicht gedacht ist.
A simple protocol for isolating microglia from adult mouse brain
Authors: Chakrabarti Sudipta , Gorai Sukhamoy , Pahan Kalipada
Published: August 2023

Objectives

Although microglia are activated in adult and aged brains resulting in neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disorders, most of the cell culture studies on microglia deal with neonatal microglia because of ease of isolation. Microglia could be isolated from adult brains, but it requires separation by density gradient centrifugation, magnetic beads, etc. Here, we describe a simple protocol of isolating highly purified microglia from adult mouse brains.

Methods

Our protocol involves dilution with sterile PBS or media, regular centrifugation, and plating on poly-D-lysine-coated flasks.

Results

These adult microglia expressed the inducible nitric oxide synthase in response to preformed α-syn fibril, an etiological reagent of Parkinson’s disease, and bacterial lipopolysaccharides, one of the prototype proinflammatory stimuli. Moreover, these adult microglia exhibited phagocytosis, which was stimulated by LPS treatment.

Conclusions

These results suggest that adult microglia isolated by our procedure are functional and that these adult microglia could be used for studies related to neurodegenerative disorders.
Investigation of the mechanical properties, surface quality, and energy efficiency of a fused filament fabrication for PA6
Authors: Mushtaq Ray Tahir , Wang Yanen , Rehman Mudassar , Khan Aqib Mashood , Bao Chengwei , Sharma Shubham , Eldin Sayed M. , Abbas Mohamed
Published: August 2023

Practitioners in the industry are developing predictive methods for assessing key parameters and responses of engineering materials. The aim of this research is to optimize the average surface roughness (R
a), flexural strength (FS), tensile strength (TS), print time (T), and print energy consumption (E) of 3D printed Nylon 6 (PA6). Quantitative parameters for infill density (ID), layer thickness (LT), and print speed (PS) were selected. Employing the central component design (CCD)-response surface methodology (RSM) for investigational design, statistical analysis, and multi-objective optimization, a total of 20 samples were produced and analyzed to develop prediction models. The implication of the selected parameters was confirmed through variance analysis (ANOVA), and the models were validated using confirmatory trial tests. It was found that LT was essential in achieving appropriate R
a and T values, while ID was a crucial factor in obtaining the necessary mechanical properties. RSM optimization led to an FS of 70.8 MPa, TS of 40.8 MPa, lowest T of 53 min, lowest possible R
a of 8.30 µm, and 0.203 kW·h “E” at ID = 84%, LT = 0.21 mm, and PS = 75 mm·s−1. The study also revealed weak bond strength between layers and layers debonding after bending tests, as shown in SEM micrographs. The PA6 material exhibited flexibility during tensile testing, going into plasticity before breaking. The created numerically optimized model is anticipated to benefit manufacturers and practitioners in predicting the required surface quality for various factors before conducting experiments, ultimately improving 3D printing (3DP) processes and outcomes. Despite limitations such as limited parameter selection, small sample size, and material-specific focus, this research presents valuable insights for the 3DP industry.
Satellite RNAs: emerging players in subnuclear architecture and gene regulation
Authors: Ninomiya Kensuke , Yamazaki Tomohiro , Hirose Tetsuro
Published: August 2023

Satellite DNA is characterized by long, tandemly repeated sequences mainly found in centromeres and pericentromeric chromosomal regions. The recent advent of telomere‐to‐telomere sequencing data revealed the complete sequences of satellite regions, including centromeric α‐satellites and pericentromeric HSat1–3, which together comprise ~ 5.7% of the human genome. Despite possessing constitutive heterochromatin features, these regions are transcribed to produce long noncoding RNAs with highly repetitive sequences that associate with specific sets of proteins to play various regulatory roles. In certain stress or pathological conditions, satellite RNAs are induced to assemble mesoscopic membraneless organelles. Specifically, under heat stress, nuclear stress bodies (nSBs) are scaffolded by HSat3 lncRNAs, which sequester hundreds of RNA‐binding proteins. Upon removal of the stressor, nSBs recruit additional regulatory proteins, including protein kinases and RNA methylases, which modify the previously sequestered nSB components. The sequential recruitment of substrates and enzymes enables nSBs to efficiently regulate the splicing of hundreds of pre‐mRNAs under limited temperature conditions. This review discusses the structural features and regulatory roles of satellite RNAs in intracellular architecture and gene regulation.
The Place of Intelligence Games in Philosophy and Logic Education
Authors: Duman Ekrem Ziya , Arslan Aylin , Kuçukşabanoglu Ozlem
Published: July 2023

Education is an applied field of science and so what is expected is that it must respond to the practical needs besides theoretical field. These needs are of importance with the indication of active nature of students in learning in 21st century. For that reason, it has started to give places for many applications in practice to increase the permeance of information by internalizing the theoretical side of education. One of the applications in question is intelligence games. Intelligence games is a tool for individuals in revealing their own potentials, in developing different and original strategies for the problems, in making a fast and true decision, and what is more in making them attain a systematic structure of thinking. Therefore, it would not be surprising to associate this tool with the education of philosophy and logic. It is because intelligence games are a material to be used in philosophy education in using philosophical knowledge and seeking for the solutions of philosophical problems; in using logic education in conveying true thinking ways to daily life, being aware of contradictions by thinking consistently and basing their thoughts. As a result, it is believed that intelligence games will make the theoretical-based structure practical in philosophy and logic education and will add variety with the current study.
Experimental and numerical study on shear properties of timber-to-timber joint using a dowel reinforced with a self-tapping screw
Authors: Shen Jie , Zhu Xudong , Chen Jianbing
Published: July 2023

Herein, a beech wood dowel reinforced with a self-tapping screw (composite dowel in brief) is proposed. Composite dowels were welded into the predrilled holes by high speed rotation. Force-displacement curves were obtained using a single-shear and dual connection. A double-peaked pattern was found in the bearing process, indicating that the wooden dowel and the self-tapping screw had a synergistic bearing effect in the bearing process. Regarding the failure mode, the self-tapping screw and the wooden dowel were bent, whilst the default wooden dowel fractured. Further, the numerical simulation was carried out using the finite element analysis software ABAQUS, and the result differed from the test value by only 4.30%, showing a high prediction accuracy. The study of the bearing capacity of the composite dowels provides a theoretical basis for the practical application of wooden dowels reinforced by self-tapping screws.
Modified grain orientation of laminated veneer lumber characteristics of three fast-growing tropical wood species
Authors: Alamsyah Eka Mulya , Darwis Atmawi , Suhaya Yoyo , Sutrisno  , Munawar Sasa Sofyan , Malik Jamaludin , Sumardi Ihak
Published: July 2023

Laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and modified grain orientation of LVL (LVB) are composite products made from veneer that are predicted to replace construction timber. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical and mechanical properties of LVL and LVB of mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla), manglid (Manglietia glauca), and gmelina (Gmelina moluccana) and to compare their characteristics. The results showed that the physical and mechanical properties of LVL and LVB generally meet the standards for use in construction. Differences in the properties of LVL and LVB occurred in the properties of hardness and screw tests, while the other properties were similar. The parallel fiber direction was better in terms of adhesive strength, while the compaction density was slightly higher than LVL. The LVL flexural strength was better than LVB in flat and edge test directions. This difference correlates with the adhesive strength in the shear strength test due to the different orientation of the fiber directions.