bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biological Synthesis and Characterization of Silver-Doped Nanocomposites: Antibacterial and Mechanistic Studies
Authors: Tchinda Taghu Franklin Loic , Pone Kamdem Boniface , Ngouana Vincent , Yajep Tanka Zuriatou , Yimgang Victorine Lorette , Nsami Ndi Julius , Keilah Lunga Paul , Fekam Boyom Fabrice
Published: October 2023

In this study, we report the antibacterial mechanisms of action of uniform silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and decorated activated carbon nanocomposite (CAC-AgNPs) obtained using a green synthesis approach. The nanomaterials were characterized by ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectra and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. The antibacterial activity of the as-prepared nanomaterials was evaluated against an array of bacterial strains by microdilution method, whereas their cytotoxicity profile was evaluated on Vero cells (human mammalian cells). The antibacterial mechanistic studies of active nanomaterials were carried out through bacterial growth kinetics, nucleic acid leakage test, and catalase inhibition assay. A silver nanocomposite was successfully fabricated from Croton macrostachyus-based activated carbon. The as-prepared nanomaterials exhibited antibacterial activity against an array of bacterial strains (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range: 62.5 to 500 µg/mL), the most susceptible being Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Cytotoxicity studies of the nanomaterials on Vero cells revealed that the nanocomposite (median cytotoxic concentration (CC50): 213.6 µg/mL) was less toxic than the nanoparticles (CC50 value: 164.75 µg/mL) counterpart. Antibacterial mechanistic studies unveiled that the nanomaterials induced (i) bacteriostatic activity vis-à-vis E. coli and S. aureus and (ii) inhibition of catalase in these bacteria. This novel contribution on the antibacterial mechanisms of action of silver nanocomposite from C. macrostachyus-based activated carbon might contribute to the understanding of antibacterial action of these biomaterials. Nevertheless, more chemistry and in vivo experiments, as well as in depth antibacterial mechanistic studies are warranted for the successful utilization of these antibacterial biomaterials.
Endoscopic Management of Gastric Disruptions
Authors: Oza Veeral M , Kothari Truptesh H
Published: October 2023

Gastric perforations and leaks are significant complications that can arise from various gastrointestinal disorders and surgical interventions. Over the past decade, endoscopic techniques have emerged as effective method for managing these conditions. Furthermore, as endoscopic resection techniques have grown in popularity, the risk of acute and delayed perforations has also grown. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the endoscopic management strategies employed in the management of gastric perforations and leaks. We will discuss the etiology, diagnostic modalities, and various endoscopic techniques utilized, and emerging trends in endoscopic management. Our attempt in writing this review paper is to educate and guide clinicians in making informed decisions when faced with gastric perforations and leaks.
Optimized Shadow Eradication in Railway Track Images via Pse-ShadowNet
Authors: Fan Xinlin , Zhang Zexuan , Tang Tian , Dai Zhen , Wang Zhipeng , Jiang Yaopeng
Published: October 2023

Track fasteners play a pivotal role in infrastructure inspection for high-speed rail. Yet, images taken by drones often capture shadows cast by electrical towers flanking the high-speed rail tracks. These shadows can hinder the visibility of the track fasteners, thereby impacting detection efficiency and accuracy considerably. The present paper introduces an end-to-end shadow removal algorithm, rooted in generative adversarial network training. The comprehensive network framework is segmented into three sub-networks: pseudo-mask generation, shadow removal, and result refinement. We have integrated a Fourier convolutional residual module to bolster the feature extraction capability of the generator network. This integration ensures the network retains a global receptive field, even in its more superficial layers. By employing an overall weighted loss function, we enhance the quality of the images produced without shadows. Further, a perceptual loss function has been incorporated to retain the structural information of objects, setting the stage for subsequent defect detection. Our results highlight that Pse-ShadowNet adeptly eradicates fastener shadows while maintaining vital visual features, including object position, structure, texture, edges, and other key visual elements. Consequently, the reconstructed images are detailed and showcase superior image quality.
Concurrently Thermal Reduction and Boron-Doped Graphene Oxide Using Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition for Ultraviolet Sensing Application
Authors: Ryu Beo Deul , Ko Kang Bok , Han Min , Cuong Tran Viet , Choi Chel-Jong , Hong Chang-Hee
Published: October 2023

We used a metal-organic chemical vapor deposition technique to synthesize a boron-doped reduced graphene oxide (B-rGO) material with various electrical characteristics, dependent on simultaneous reduction and doping procedures. The effect of the doping level on the B bonding in the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) layer controlled by the annealing temperature was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The XPS data indicated that the B-rGO layer had a higher B concentration and a considerable number of O-B bonds as a result of the appreciable annealing temperature, which resulted in a decreased work function and Schottky contact between B-rGO and n-type Si. Owing to the higher proportion of B-C and B-C3 bonding in the B-rGO device than that in the rGO/Si device, the lower Schottky barrier height of the B-rGO/n-Si vertical junction photodetector resulted in a higher responsivity. This work suggests a facile method of B doping to alter the electrical properties of graphene materials.
Radiotracers for Imaging of Inflammatory Biomarkers TSPO and COX-2 in the Brain and in the Periphery
Authors: Uzuegbunam Bright , Rummel Christoph , Librizzi Damiano , Culmsee Carsten , Hooshyar Yousefi Behrooz
Published: October 2023

Inflammation involves the activation of innate immune cells and is believed to play an important role in the development and progression of both infectious and non-infectious diseases such as neurodegeneration, rheumatoid arthritis or cancer. Inflammation in the brain is marked by the upregulation of the translocator protein (TSPO) in microglia. Moreover, high TSPO levels are found, for example in macrophages during rheumatoid arthritis and in malignant tumor cells compared to its relatively low physiological expression. The same applies for cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2), which is constitutively expressed in the kidney, brain, thymus and gastrointestinal tract, but induced in microglia, macrophages and synoviocytes during inflammation. This puts TSPO and COX-2 in the spotlight as important targets for the diagnosis of inflammation. Imaging modalities, such as positron emission tomography and single-photon emission tomography, can be used to localize inflammatory processes and to track their progression over time. They could also enable to monitor the efficacy of therapy and predict its outcome. This review focuses on the current development of PET and SPECT tracers not only for the detection of neuroinflammation, but also for emerging diagnostic measures in infectious and other non-infectious diseases like rheumatic arthritis, cancer, cardiac inflammation and in lung diseases.
Ready for the «Check-In» of Local Products on Hotel Menus?
Authors: Vlachou Charisia , Koukousolatou Ourania , Siamagka Nikoletta Theofania
Published: October 2023

The link between tourism and the agricultural sector offers on the one hand authentic cultural experiences to tourists and on the other hand a competitive advantage to tourism businesses seeking to differentiate themselves. This research attempts to empirically investigate the organizational readiness, perceived benefits, and intention of hotels to include local agri-food products in their menus. The data collection was carried out through a questionnaire using a 5-point Likert scale and the readiness was evaluated in terms of its three dimensions (organizational culture, organizational climate, organizational capacity), as well as the perceived benefits in 112 hotels of the PE of Kavala and Thassos in Greece. Following a cluster analysis, 3 categories of hotels emerged, namely “Committed”, “Hesitant”, and “Indifferent”. The findings make an important contribution to the scientific community and more specifically the one dealing with both the primary sector and tourism issues. The research also has important managerial implications and can be used for policy-making by stakeholders.
Analisis Intensi Masyarakat Muslim di Indonesia dalam Menggunakan Bank Syariah: Integrated Model
Authors:   Program Studi Magister Perencanaan Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pembangunan, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia, Seto Samiaji Maskur , Arundina Tika ,   Program Studi S1 Ekonomi Islam, Departemen Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Indonesia
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisa intensi masyarakat muslim di Indonesia dalam menggunakan bank syariah. Penelitian disusun menggunakan pendekatan integratif, dimana Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) dan Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) diintegrasikan dengan menambahkan variabel religiusitas untuk melihat pengaruhnya terhadap intensi masyarakat muslim dalam menggunakan Bank Syariah. Variabel yang digunakan meliputi perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, dan Religiosity. Data penelitian yang digunakan adalah data primer yang dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner pada periode Maret – Juli 2021. Responden terdiri dari masyarakat muslim Indonesia yang merupakan nasabah bank syariah dengan jumlah 500 responden yang tersebar di 34 Provinsi di Indonesia. Analisis data menggunakan metode Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perceived ease of use dan perceived usefulness berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap attitude. Kemudian, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, dan religiosity berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap intensi. Hal ini berarti bahwa intensi masyarakat muslim di Indonesia dapat dipengaruhi oleh variabel penelitian yang diajukan. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan bisa memberikan masukan kepada pelaku industri dan regulator untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan pangsa pasar perbankan syariah.
Pengembangan Skala Kesiapan Kerja Versi Indonesia pada Karyawan Kontrak
Authors: Widyastuti Liza Yudhita , Arista Puspita Dian , Ria Rozala , Amanda Sari , Angkawijaya Yulius Fransisco
Published: October 2023

Sebagai bagian penting dari industri dan organisasi, terdapat dua jenis karyawan yakni karyawan tetap dan kontrak. Karyawan tetap memiliki kelebihan dari karyawan kontrak misalnya dalam hal kemampuan, komitmen, kepuasan kerja, dan perilaku inovatif yang lebih tinggi. Di satu sisi, banyak karyawan kontrak di Indonesia menuntut dijadikan karyawan tetap. Akan tetapi, pada kenyataannya, instansi di Indonesia memiliki kesulitan untuk mengangkat karyawan kontraknya menjadi karyawan tetap. Pertimbangan akan komitmen serta biaya yang harus dikeluarkan, serta keraguan instansi akan kesiapan bekerja dari para karyawan kontraknya menjadi masalah dalam hal ini. Perlu adanya seleksi tepat untuk mengukur kesiapan bekerja karyawannya agar dapat memprediksi kemampuan seseorang dalam bekerja. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan alat ukur work readiness yang sesuai dengan Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif, pengembangan alat ukur ini terdapat lima tahap, yaitu konseptualisasi, konstruksi, uji coba, analisis item, dan revisi alat ukur. Partisipan yang terlibat sebanyak 320 karyawan kontrak, sehingga dihasilkan alat ukur Work Readiness 24 Item. Hasil koefisien α Work Readiness Scale dari 24 item adalah sebesar 0.864, sedangkan analisis goodness of fit dari alat ukur ini ialah CFI 0.95, RMSEA 0.06, IFI 0.95, dan NFI 0.90. Oleh karena itu dapat disimpulkan bahwa alat ukur ini secara keseluruhan dinilai reliabel dan valid.
Fundaciones conventuales en Sanlúcar de Barrameda: una imagen de poder señorial en el camino de los eclesiásticos a Indias (1492-1641)
Authors: Salas Almela Luis
Published: October 2023

Este artículo analiza en clave atlántica por qué los duques de Medina Sidonia invirtieron esfuerzos y recursos en algunas de las principales fundaciones religiosas en su corte señorial, Sanlúcar de Barrameda. En concreto, pone en relación, por un lado, las facilidades concedidas por los duques para que su ciudad acogiese a ciertas órdenes –franciscano, dominicos y jesuitas- con el papel que, por otro lado, desempeñaba Sanlúcar en los trayectos a Indias, todo ello contemplado bajo el prisma de los propios intereses señoriales de los Pérez de Guzmán. Nuestra hipótesis de trabajo es que el interés de los duques por los conventos y residencias de estas órdenes en el puerto sanluqueño radica en que se constituían en un espejo de la imagen de poder de los Medina Sidonia cuyos reflejos se debían proyectar en América.
Quién es quién en Morón de la Frontera a inicios de s. XVI (II): el "Bando de los particulares"
Authors: Martín Humanes José María
Published: October 2023

Resumen: La presente publicación forma parte de una serie de artículos dedicados al estudio prosopográfico de las principales personalidades de Morón de la Frontera en tiempos de los primeros condes de Ureña (ss. XV-XVI). A lo largo de los mismos, a modo de entradas personalizadas, se ofrecerán valiosos datos de archivo e informaciones de diversa procedencia sobre estas figuras, sus entramados familiares, estatutos jurídicos, oficios públicos, patrimonios o participaciones en la escena política cotidiana de la villa. En aquellos casos en los que la documentación lo ha hecho posible, se les ha acompañado de la respectiva representación genealógica y heráldica. En esta segunda entrega nos adentraremos en el universo de los bandos locales, presentando al conocido “bando de los particulares” y a una primera nómina de sus integrantes.Palabras clave: prosopografía, genealogía, poder y gobierno, elites locales, Morón de la Frontera, Sevilla, Temprana Edad Moderna.
Patrimonio, integración y ascenso social: la familia judeoconversa de los Torres. Entre Málaga e Italia
Authors: Rodríguez Linares Antonio
Published: October 2023

En el presente trabajo pretendemos estudiar a la familia judeoconversa de origen malagueño de los Torres y el patrimonio que fundó en dos de los contextos territoriales más importantes en los que se movió: su Málaga natal y la mitad sur de Italia. Para ello, nos apoyaremos en diferentes fuentes de carácter bibliográfico, web y archivístico, y seguiremos una metodología concreta, a través de la cual abordaremos, desde un punto de vista genealógico, la historia del linaje en cuestión (desde la época de su fundador hasta la consolidación de su ennoblecimiento), y llevaremos a cabo la descripción y análisis de algunos de sus bienes patrimoniales. El objetivo fundamental que perseguimos es el de tratar de asumir la fundación de estos últimos como una más de las diferentes estrategias que individuos y familias de origen hebraico –como la de los Torres– promovieron durante época moderna para facilitar su integración y ascenso social.
Reconstrucción de familias y redes sociales en el seno de la comunidad morisca sevillana. Las familias Valenciano, Montano y Marín
Authors: Fernández Chaves Manuel F. , Pérez García Rafael M.
Published: October 2023

En este artículo se pretende analizar el entramado familiar y de alianzas de parentesco de algunas familias moriscas de origen almeriense en la Sevilla de la posguerra de las Alpujarras. Para ello se han empleado todo tipo de fuentes documentales, dibujándose un perfil de moriscos de nivel adquisitivo medio-alto dedicados a los sectores primario y secundario.
As nobrezas secundogénitas no império ultramarino português. Um estudo de caso (sécs. XVI e XVII)
Authors: De Figueiroa Rego Joâo
Published: October 2023

Ao longo das últimas décadas, a historiografia não se coibiu de repisar algumas ideias feitas em torno do papel em sociedade dos filhos, não primogénitos, das nobrezas. Fê-lo, em particular, quando abordou questões relativas ao envolvimento desses grupos na construção dos impérios ultramarinos. Em traço largo, tendeu-se a definir os secundogénitos como um problema, primeiro familiar, depois social,a que urgira dar resposta. Face à necessidade implícita de aliviar tensões e de corresponder a expectativa de mercês, impelira-se toda essa mole humana para o esforço expansionista. Originou-se, deste modo, um retrato simplista e redutor. Contudo, existem algumas excepções, ou seja, perspectivas de abordagem inovadoras, que introduziram ângulos configuradores numa geometria descritiva essencial ao redesenhar teórico. É com elas (e a partir delas) que se procurará dialogar. Do ponto de vista metodológico, não se tornará, decerto, redundante insistir na necessidade de fixar padrões prosopográficos, para aferir quais as coincidências, inocentes ou intencionais, em toda esta problemática. O recurso a essa ferramenta facilita, entre outras coisas, optimizar a informação dispersa por múltiplas fontes e rastrear aspectos que, por vezes, passam ao largo do observador. Por último, atender-se-á a um estudo de caso, sob vários aspectos, emblemático da realidade historiográfica que se pretende recrear.
Judaizantes y malsines: redes criptojudías portuguesas durante el seiscientos ante el tribunal de Córdoba
Authors: Cañas Pelayo Marcos R.
Published: October 2023

El siglo XVII supuso el auge de un nuevo enemigo para la institución del Santo Oficio, el criptojudío portugués, denominado despectivamente como marrano por la mentalidad de limpieza de sangre del resto de la sociedad castellana. Reactivador indudable de un judaísmo que casi había sido extirpado por las violentas represiones del Santo Oficio a finales de la centuria anterior, una nueva red de conexiones, clientelas e influencias se fue desarrollando a lo largo de toda la Península. En el artículo, se abordará el problema en el caso del reino de Córdoba durante la Edad Moderna. Mostraremos, mediante varios ejemplos, las diferentes comunidades e intereses comerciales que estos grupos judeoconversos desarrollaron en el espacio geográfico andaluz.
Nobleza, genealogía y heráldica en Córdoba: la casa solariega de los Mesa y palacio de Las Quemadas
Authors: Herreros Moya Gonzalo J.
Published: October 2023

La casa solariega del mayorazgo de los Fernández de Mesa, señores del Chanciller y luego, por enlace, marqueses de Villaseca, es uno de los edificios civiles del barroco más importantes de Córdoba. Así, se pretende realizar una contextualización espacial y elaborar una historia genealógica que explique el porqué de la existencia de la casa, sus moradores y el cambio de manos que se produjo tras su venta en el siglo XIX, hasta ser conocida como palacio de las Quemadas. Se ha prestado especial atención, además, a las manifestaciones heráldicas que posee el palacio así como otras que nos han llegado de la familia Mesa en la capital cordobesa.
Entre la casa romana y el hogar portugués. Jerónimo da Fonseca en Roma
Authors: Novoa James N.
Published: October 2023

El artículo presenta el caso del mercader-banquero Jerónimo da Fonseca y sus actividades en Roma para mostrar la dicotomía entre el deseo de parte de componentes de la comunidad judeo-conversa portuguesa de Roma de arraigarse en Roma y mantener vínculos con su país de orígen. En particular en testamento de Fonseca, que se publica en el artículo, muestra hasta que punto estas dos tendencias están presentes en sus estratégias de acumular patrimonio, capital social y afianzarse en Roma, manteniéndo, al mismo tiempo, vínculos familiares y una identidad fuertemente ibérica.
"Palacio donde morar". "Heredad donde holgar". Spéculation immobilière et constitution de fief nobiliaire. Inquisition et noblesse andalouse
Authors: Perez Béatrice
Published: October 2023

Dans cet article, je tente de montrer comment, à travers l’Inquisition, s’est joué un conflit sourd pour la terre qui a permis la création d’une nouvelle noblesse de service. Cette création s’apparente à une forme de surclassement" de certains lignages, qui est allé de pair avec un "déclassement" inversement proportionnel de familles conversas. Les deux thèmes que j’aborde sont les enjeux de la spéculation immobilière qui se joue autour de la vente des biens urbains confisqués et ceux de la constitution de fiefs dans la promotion de certains lignages, en particulier de celui des Enríquez de Ribera, à la tête du marquesado de Tarifa, puis ducado de Alcalá. Le but fut de permettre la promotion fulgurante et solide d’un lignage, c’est l’évidence, mais par-delà le cas particulier, l’arrière-plan foncier et économique de la distribution de la terre et le pouvoir qui en découle engagent, à un moment déterminé, une transformation sociale qui change profondément la donne au XVIe siècle.
Los judeoconversos y los Duques de Medina Sidonia (1471-1555). Estado de la cuestión y líneas de trabajo
Authors: Salas Almela Luis
Published: October 2023

En este artículo planteamos, en primer lugar, una revisión de lo que hasta la fecha sabemos sobre la relación entre la casa ducal de Medina Sidonia y los conversos en un periodo crucial para la historia de esta minoría. En segundo lugar, a partir del cruce de la información aportada por las crónicas del siglo XV con las últimas aportaciones historiográficas sobre la cuestión, vamos a tratar de arrojar algo de luz tanto sobre los ritmos temporales de esa aproximación como sobre el nivel de integración de tal minoría en el ámbito señorial, para terminar señalando algunas hipótesis y líneas de trabajo de futuro sobre esta cuestión.
Mujer y familia en la edad moderna: los pleitos de divorcio en el tribunal eclesiástico de Córdoba
Authors: Arjona Zurera Juan L.
Published: October 2023

Iniciar un pleito de divorcio ante los tribunales eclesiásticos como cauce para denunciar públicamente las afrentas padecidas por la esposa e intentar resolver los conflictos conyugales, fue una práctica que se extendió gradualmente en la sociedad cordobesa a lo largo de la Edad Moderna. El análisis de los cuadernos de divorcio del Tribunal Eclesiástico de Córdoba permite observar aspectos importantes de los comportamientos sociales y familiares de la época, como la ruptura entre la doctrina moral y la praxis familiar o la situación de inferioridad de la mujer. No obstante, se evidencia un proceso gradual de transformación en las relaciones conyugales donde la esposa intentará, con la ayuda de este tipo de procesos, recuperar su libertad y su estatus social y económico.
Diccionario biográfico de la Catedral de Córdoba (II): los miembros del cabildo en época moderna
Authors: Díaz Rodríguez Antonio J.
Published: October 2023

Esta publicación recoge la segunda parte del estudio biográfico de un conjunto representativo de los miembros del cabildo de una catedral española, la de Córdoba, entre finales del siglo XV y los primeros años del XIX. Para ello, he optado por el formato de entradas simplificadas con los datos básicos sobre el origen, la filiación, los estudios y la carrera de estos eclesiásticos.
La cultura material de los hogares hidalgos de La Mancha. Ciudad Real, 1585-1610
Authors: Moreno Díaz del Campo Francisco J.
Published: October 2023

El artículo analiza los hábitos de vida de la nobleza castellana durante el tránsito de los siglos XVI al XVII. Para su redacción se ha tomado como ejemplo el caso de los hidalgos de Ciudad Real y se han empleado los contratos matrimoniales registrados ante notario y conservados en el Archivo Histórico Provincial de Ciudad Real. Su estudio ha permitido comprobar que la aristocracia local mantuvo intactos sus signos externos de comportamiento mientras que, poco a poco, modificó su conducta doméstica y sus prácticas culturales.
Autorías en el Sacro Imaginario: los moriscos entre la Torre Turpiana y las Sagradas Formas de Alcalá
Authors: Saadan Saadan Mohamed
Published: October 2023

A partir de la guerra Alpujarras, el morisco se instala en el imaginario popular cristiano viejo como un demonio a combatir. Una de las formas que adquiría dicho demonio era la de falsificador de historias sagradas, mancillador de templos cristianos, destructor de iglesias y ladrón de reliquias religiosas. Con el fin de manipular la devoción vulgar y granjear más entusiasmo, las autoridades religiosas utilizaron esta imagen a su servicio y acuñaron milagros eucarísticos frente al demonio morisco.
La heráldica española de la Edad Moderna y su percepción en la novela picaresca (1554-1668)
Authors: Valle Porras José M.
Published: October 2023

En este trabajo se analizan meticulosamente veintisiete novelas españolas del Siglo de Oro, correspondientes al género picaresco o afines al mismo, como fuentes para el conocimiento de la heráldica durante la Edad Moderna. En concreto, se indaga en: 1) la frecuencia de las armerías, las metáforas de inspiración heráldica y la terminología del blasón en la picaresca; 2) las noticias sobre aspectos formales de los escudos de armas; y, especialmente, 3) los usos y la función social de las armerías durante este período. A lo anterior se añade la realización de un armorial, mediante la recopilación y ordenación de las distintas armerías familiares, institucionales o imaginarias presentes en la novela picaresca.
«Que yo nunca reçibí de los susodichos ningunas buenas obras». Patrimonio y conflictividad familiar en la élite municipal de Granada (c. 1601-1640)
Authors: Fernández Martín Javier
Published: October 2023

La primera mitad del siglo XVII es un periodo clave en el proceso de configuración y asimilación de las élites sociales del Reino de Granada surgidas tras la repoblación filipina. En este contexto, el presente trabajo se centra en la oligarquía municipal de Granada, analizando sus principales estrategias patrimoniales y económicas. En torno a ellas, y gracias a un nutrido estudio de casos, se examina el importante protagonismo que tuvo la aparición de conflictos familiares y su papel como factor de ascenso social.
De caballeros a cortesanos: evolución del linaje de los Zúñiga hasta el I marqués de Villamanrique
Authors: Vicens Hualde María
Published: October 2023

Álvaro Manrique de Zúñiga, I marqués de Villamanrique, fue nombrado virrey en Nueva España en 1585, como recompensa por sus servicios al rey. Durante la Edad Moderna fueron habituales los memoriales remitidos al rey para conseguir mercedes. Eran relaciones de méritos y servicios a la Corona, no sólo del interesado, sino también de sus antepasados. Este artículo analizará, por tanto, su linaje, la evolución de los miembros de la familia y su evolución, de caballeros a cortesanos.
Soldados y capitanes: las compañías de milicias de Écija (1612-1648)
Authors: Crespillo López Juan
Published: October 2023

La investigación llevada a cabo en el Archivo Municipal de Écija trata de aproximarse al fenómeno del reclutamiento en la primera mitad del siglo XVII. El objetivo propuesto ha sido acercarnos al sistema de reclutamiento desde un punto de vista más local, frente a otros estudios y enfoques que ofrecen una panorámica mucho más global del proceso. Las fuentes manejadas han sido, en primer lugar, las instrucciones, cartas y cédulas reales que llegaron a Écija en varios años, con órdenes de levantar hombres para cumplir con los servicios que el rey demandaba y, en segundo lugar, el estudio de las listas de los reclutados con los nombres y apellidos de los soldados, sus oficios, edades y señas de identidad. No olvidamos a las autoridades y oficiales que llevaron a cabo los reclutamientos, y los mecanismos que se pusieron en marcha para conseguir el número de hombres deseados.
The effect of standardisation on collocations in Colombian and European Spanish translations of the work "Rootless"
Authors: Valencia Giraldo María Victoria
Published: October 2023

The empirical study of syntactic, stylistic, and lexical patterns through corpora has frequently revealed a tendency towards standardisation, as Toury (1995/2012) defines it, in translated texts. In this vein, some studies have found that diatopy tends to become blurred in translations, particularly into transnational languages. In the case of Spanish, it has been stated that the enormous geographical richness of the language is not really reflected in translated Spanish. This paper argues that the translation of the work Rootless by Chris Howard into Colombian Spanish exhibits traits more typical of the European Spanish than of the Colombian Spanish variety. For this purpose, diatopic distribution of verb + noun (object) collocations extracted from a parallel corpus and a monolingual corpus of Rootless and its translations published in Colombian and European Spanish, is examined in a reference Spanish corpus.

Keywords: parallel corpus; translated Spanish; Colombian Spanish; standardisation in translation; diatopic variation
Türkiye’de Döviz Kuru Oynaklığı ile Borsa Endeks Oynaklığı Arasındaki Etkileşim
Authors: ÇAKIR Özgenur , ÖZKUL Gökhan
Published: October 2023

Bretton Woods sisteminin yıkılması ile esnek kur sistemine geçiş sağlanmış ve döviz kurlarındaki oynaklıkların makroekonomik faktörler üzerindeki etkisi birçok çalışmaya konu olmuştur. Bu koşullar altında oynaklığın modellenmesi, döviz kuru oynaklığı ile borsa endeks oynaklık ilişkilerinin ve oynaklık yayılmalarının belirlenmesi piyasa aktörleri için önemlidir. Bu çerçevede çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de 2002-2021 dönemleri arasında döviz kuru oynaklığı ile borsa endeks oynaklığı arasındaki etkileşimi incelemektir. Çalışmada döviz kuru değişkeni olarak ABD doları oynaklık verisi ve Euro oynaklık verisi, borsa değişkeni olarak BIST100, BISTHIZ, BISTSINAI endeksleri oynaklık verileri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan veri setinin durağanlığı ADF birim kök testi ve Lee-Strazicich birim kök testi ile ele alınmıştır. Döviz kuru oynaklığı ile borsa endeks oynaklığı arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisini belirlemek için Toda-Yamamoto Modeli kullanılmıştır. Daha sonra varyans ayrıştırma testleri ile değişkenlerdeki değişimin ne kadarı kendi ne kadarı diğer değişkenlerden kaynaklandığı belirlenmiştir. Son olarak araştırmada kullanılan değişkenlerin birim şoklara tepkisi, etki-tepki testleri ile incelenmiştir. Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testine göre tüm endeks değişkenleri ile döviz kuru oynaklığı değişkenleri arasında çift yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Spectrum Sharing Framework in Full Duplex Mode with minimum Interference in 5G Cellular Network
Authors: Rajput Manisha , P Malathi
Published: October 2023

Spectral sharing with in-band full-duplex (FD) primary users (PUs) in cognitive radio (CR) systems is a difficult and challenging task. The ability of the secondary user (SU) to access the spectrum could be substantially impeded by the primary network's self-interference. We propose a novel dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) scheme while satisfying In-band FD technology is the mitigation of strong self-interference in the 5G cellular networks platform. In particular, the in-band FD-PU pair implements the normal proper Gaussian signal, although it is intended for SU downlink transmission with an inappropriate Gaussian signal. First, we derive the closed-form expression and the upper bounds of the default probabilities for SU and PU, respectively. While discussing major concerns in the 5G cellular networks system, the second stage optimization is carried out utilizing the optimal spectrum sharing approach, and a self-interference game methodology based on the proportional enthalpy based sigmoid solution is applied. This method is primarily employed to reduce computational complexity and overheads. In terms of SINR, Spectral efficiency, and other metrics, the computational studies shows that the provided method outperforms existing methods.
Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitism in pigs of Tripura, India
Authors: Das Subham , Pandit Soumitra , Jas Ruma , Baidya Surajit , Mandal Subhas Chandra , Debbarma Apurba , Batabyal Subhasis , De Ankan
Published: October 2023

Pig is an important livestock species mostly reared by economically weaker section of people. In North-Eastern (NE) states of India, pig husbandry is very much popular and is a main stay to maintain the livelihood of the rural native population. Gastrointentinal (GI) parasitic infection is one of the major constrain in profitable pig production in this area. In the present study, the GI parasitism in pigs was investigated in the three districts of Tripura, a NE State of India. The examination of fecal samples revealed the overall prevalence of 61.65% with detection of 6 GI parasitic species including 4 nematodes and 2 protozoa. Ascaris sp. was found to be the most prevalent GI parasite in pigs in the study. The age, sex, season, breed, area and farming system wise study showed the highest prevalence of GI parasites in grower pigs, female pigs, monsoon season, non-descript breeds, Khowai district and free ranging farming system, respectively. Overall, our study provides a baseline data for further investigation and formulation of strategies for control of GI parasitism in pigs in Tripura.
Building Cyber-Attack Immunity in Electric Energy System Inspired by Infectious Disease Ecology
Authors: Srivast Anurag , Hussain Md. Mustafa , Sadanandan Sajan , Sarwari Arif , Reece Rebecca
Published: October 2023

Despite being man-made, cyber-power systems and the associated cyber-attacks evolve in tandem with human expertise that matures over time. This dynamic mirrors the evolutionary processes observed in infectious disease ecology within microbial and human host systems. In this paper, we delve into the parallels between cyber-power systems and infectious disease ecology, culminating in the development of a bio-inspired cyber-immunity to enable cyber-resilient system. Parallels among these two systems are more evident with the digital automation of power system to enhance situational awareness and operational efficiency. However, automation has concurrently introduced multiple potential avenues for cyber attackers to exploit. Cyber adversaries are also advancing their methods, often leveraging intelligent algorithms and technologies to infiltrate confidential data, disrupt critical networks, and compromise communication channels similar to microbial. The data and system at risk are growing over time. Therefore, cyber resilience is the need of time, giving the power system utility the ability to anticipate, withstand, and recover from any cyber-attack. This work aims to develop a bio-inspired resilient cyber defense system to identify, protect, detect, respond, and recover from more complex and well-targeted cyber attacks. The proposed framework has two key features:(i) it draws upon principles and insights from engineered and natural defense mechanisms employed in combating infectious diseases, adapting them to bolster the cybersecurity of digital substation automation in energy systems, and ii) it constantly evolves in response to cyber attacks by transmitting iterative feedback to substation networks from each component at various stages of these attacks. This iterative learning process empowers the framework to safeguard against similar types of attacks in the future. Further we discuss the bio-inspired system’s ability to defend against cyber-attacks as well as iteratively improve through feedback learning from framework components for future attacks of a similar sort was further discussed. A realistic cyber attack use case scenario has been developed using a real-time cyber-power substation automation testbed to validate the proposed framework and demonstrate its potential future adoptions. With the implementation of this framework, cyber-power systems will be able to deal with randomness, ambiguity, and the rapid advancement of potential cyber threats while applying digital substation automation technologies. With the development of more intelligent technologies that can deal with incompleteness and uncertainty better than ever before, modern cyber defense systems can mimic immunity and resilience inspired by infectious disease ecology and natural host defense systems.
Adaptive Fuzzy Wavelet Backstepping Control for Two-axis Motion Trajectory Application
Authors: Mao Wei-Lung , Lin Bing-Hong , Chen Sung-Hua , Wang Yi-Chieh
Published: October 2023

The product quality of a machining tool often corresponds to the accuracy of contour tracking. To achieve the precision tracking control of a biaxial Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) motion system, attempts made in this paper are to introduce the Adaptive Fuzzy Wavelet Backstepping Controller (AFWBC). Considering the uncertainties of this model, the dynamics used in the control law is estimated by the fuzzy wavelet neural network. The method under consideration used the temporal positioning property of wavelets in the time domain, coupled with the reasoning abilities of a fuzzy system, to effectively estimate a reliable plant model. Then, the estimated model is integrated in the backstepping controller with the adaptive law to tackle system’s nonlinearity and uncertainties. The stability of overall system is guaranteed via a rigorous Lyapunov stability analysis. To better validate the system, both simulation and experimental setups are conducted. During the experimental evaluation, non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) is employed for contour planning due to its high-accuracy interpolation capabilities. The results showed that the AFWBC method effectively could reduce errors and so significantly improve trajectory tracking accuracy and localization.
Post-chemotherapy Cardiotoxicity in Women With Breast Cancer
Authors: Maldonado-Vega Maria , Cejudo-Arteaga Shaila , Ramirez-Reyes Marco Antonio , Farias-Serratos Felipe , Teniente-Valente Raúl
Published: October 2023

Chemotherapy (CT) with anthracyclines can generate cardiotoxicity. The immunological system is part of the response to treatment with CT.
Objective. Women with breast cancer were evaluated during their CT treatment, assessing their response to cardiotoxicity according to the treatment regimens and the classification of the cancer.
Methods. Single CT and combined CT groups were made up (anthracyclines, Trastuzumab, and taxanes). Cardiotoxicity was measured as the Left Ventricle Expulsion Function (LVEF). The hematological response was measured at the end of treatment as the Lymphocyte/Macrophage Index (L/M) and the Lymphocyte/Platelet Index (L/P) The study included 451 women with breast cancer, among whom 230 underwent follow-up with LVEF on at least three occasions. Eight study groups were conformed based on their CT treatment. The comparison with LVEF was obtained between the baseline and the last LVEF.
Results. Combined CT diminished the LVEF, contrary to the CT of a single compound, which in addition showed a recovery from LVEF. The combined CT caused functional loss in terms of LVEF in 27% of the studied population. The L/MI increased, and the L/PI diminished in patients with the combined therapy. This suggests the participation of inflammation processes and vascular damage. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2positive (HER2+) and triple- negative patients have less survival, above all when the LVEF baseline was <55%.
Conclusions. Anthracycline CT combined with other CT reduced the LVEF in women with breast cancer due to cardiotoxicity associated LVEF dysfunction. The use of only taxanes exerted a poor cardiotoxicity effect.
Nonlinear dynamic modeling and analysis of mesh stiffness of the spur gear pair considering tooth tip modification
Authors: Yang Hongbo , Yang Dongpo , Shi Wenku , Xu Miao
Published: October 2023

The mesh stiffness characteristics of the gear pair have direct effect on its transmission error, and then affect the noise and vibration level of the gear. To control the instability of gear meshing caused by tooth deformation, the tooth tip modification is an important mean, but it will undoubtedly introduce tooth profile errors. Firstly, considering the inconsistency between base circle and root circle under different tooth numbers, the potential energy method is improved to calculate the mesh stiffness of spur gear pair. Then, based on the theory of tooth tip modification and improved potential energy method, a new analytical method for mesh stiffness calculation considering tooth profile error is proposed. Taking a pair of spur gear as example, the finite element(FE) model is established, and the correctness of the proposed method is verified by comparing the time-varying mesh stiffness, mean stiffness, and peak-to-peak stiffness. The comparison results show that the method proposed in this paper can ensure high calculation accuracy while achieve lower computation cost. Finally, the sensitivity analysis is conducted on modification parameters including curve types, amount, and length. The influence of different parameters on mesh stiffness characteristics, bearing capacity, and noise problem is investigated.
Exploring the Impact of Visceral Fat and Subcutaneous Fat on Disease Severity and Outcome in Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients
Authors: Livani Somayeh , Alavi Elahe Sadat , Fatemi Alireza , Eshghinia Samira
Published: October 2023

Background
Obesity's connection to Covid-19 severity has prompted investigation into its impact on the immune system.
Purpose
This study explores the relationship between visceral and subcutaneous fat and disease outcomes in Covid-19 patients.
Methods
The study involved 318 hospitalized Covid-19 patients, including 161 women. Lung CT scans assessed lung involvement and measured visceral and subcutaneous fat levels. The ratio of visceral fat to subcutaneous fat was calculated. Patient files were reviewed for ICU hospitalization and mortality rates. SPSS16 software was used for data analysis.
Results
Age significantly influenced disease outcomes (p = 0.001). Men had higher mean visceral fat (117.55 ± 51.56), while women had higher mean subcutaneous fat (175.93 ± 79.79) (p < 0.001). The over-50 age group had significantly higher mean visceral fat (p = 0.021). Higher mean visceral and subcutaneous fat correlated with longer hospital stays (p < 0.05). However, no significant associations were found between fat measures, lung involvement severity, ICU hospitalization, or mortality (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
Age was significantly linked to disease severity and mortality in hospitalized Covid-19 patients. Visceral fat correlated with longer hospital stays, but not with lung involvement, ICU hospitalization, or mortality. High lung involvement was associated with greater subcutaneous fat, but not significantly. Subcutaneous fat levels were lower in ICU patients and had lower mortality rates, although not statistically significant.
Uncertainty inequality for weighted Fock spaces
Authors: Soltani Fethi
Published: October 2023

In this paper we introduce a weighted Fock space $\mathscr{F}_{\beta}$. This space which gives a generalization of some Hilbert spaces of analytic functions on the complex plane $\mathbb{C}$ like, the classical Fock space $\mathscr{F}$, the Dunkl type Fock space $\mathscr{F}_{\nu}$ and the Bessel-Struve type Fock space $\mathbb{F}_{\nu}$, it plays aback ground to our contribution. Especially, we study themultiplication operator $M$ by $z^2$ and its adjoint operator$L_{\mathscr{F}_{\beta}}$ on $\mathscr{F}_{\beta}$, and we deduce a general uncertainty inequality of Heisenberg type for this space.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification: 30H20, 32A15
The association of glycemic control with patient survival and technique survival in incident diabetic peritoneal dialysis patients
Authors: Wang I-Kuan , Wang Tzu-Yuan , Yu Tung-Min , Yen Tzung-Hai , Yip Hei-Tung , Li Chi-Yuan , Lai Ping-Chin , Sung Fung-Chang
Published: October 2023

This study investigated the prognosis in incident diabetic peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients by glycemic control status. Compared to patients with time-averaged A1c values ≥9%, the risk of mortality was lower for patients with A1c of 6-6.9% [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) =0.39; 95% confidence interval (CI) =0.20, 0.78] and 7-7.9% (adjusted HR =0.47; 95% CI =0.24, 0.91). The risk of technique failure was lower for patients with time-averaged A1c of 6-6.9% (adjusted HR =0.55; 95% CI =0.33, 0.92) and 7-7.9% (adjusted HR =0.53; 95% CI =0.31, 0.90), compared to those with time-averaged A1c values ≥9%. Patients with baseline fasting serum glucose levels of 70-150 mg/dL had a lower risk of technique failure (adjusted HR =0.48; 95% CI =0.24, 0.97), compared to those with levels >300 mg/dL. Comparison based on time-averaged fasting serum glucose levels showed that patients with levels of of 70-150 mg/dL had a lower risk of mortality (adjusted HR =0.53; 95% CI =0.29, 0.99), compared to those with levels of 200-300 mg/dL. Diabetic PD patientswith time-averaged HbA1c 6-8% or fasting serum glucose levels of 70-150 mg/dL and time-averaged HbA1c 6-8% or baseline fasting serum glucose levels of 70-150 mg/dL had reduced risks of mortality and technique failure, respectively.
Outline for Empathy-Based Medical Education
Authors: Padmanabhan Vijayaraghavan
Published: October 2023

Empathy has been recognized in recent years to play a central role for the successful practice of medicine. Hence, developing empathetic skills needs to be the underlying objective during the training of undergraduate medical students as well as in continuous education of health professionals. However, during the process of medical education, the quality of empathy that is naturally present within the student has been found to decline. The task is to achieve the process of learning medicine and at the same time preserve and foster the quality of empathy. Spontaneous learning and action based on one’s own interest, is a form of self-directed learning that taps the student’s sense of curiosity about the problem and concern for the patient. Knowledge is acquired in a case-centred manner. All evaluations to be done through case-based discussions. The textbooks in each subject are to be treated as knowledge repositories for choosing the topics that need to be learnt. The ‘self-directed spontaneous learning’ ensures creativity in approach to problems, optimum utilization of one’s time and avoids stress. The student’s connection with his or her own ‘inner self’ is crucial for a focused and creative mind; therefore, its cultivation through the process of meditation is important. Empathy-based medical education-EBME facilitates the production of doctors who are competent as well empathetic.
Machining accuracy reliability optimization of three-axis CNC machine tools using doubly-weighted vector projection response surface method
Authors: Wang Zhiming , Lu Wenbin
Published: October 2023

The reasonable allocation of geometric errors of NC machine tools can improve the machining accuracy reliability. However, due to the complexity and high nonlinearity of limit state function (LSF) of machining accuracy reliability, the fitting accuracy is usually low when the traditional method is used to approximate LSF. To solve this problem, a doubly-weighted vector projection response surface (DWVPRS) method, which considers not only the approximation results of the test sample point to LSF but the distance between the test sample point and the most probable failure point (MPFP), is proposed. Using the reliability sensitivity analysis method, the key geometric errors were identified and optimized to meet the design requirements. Finally, taking a large gantry guideway grinding machine as an example to verifies the correctness and effectiveness of the DWVPRS method proposed in this paper, the results show that after the optimization of geometric accuracy, the minimum and average reliability value of the grinding machine meet the design requirements.