bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Maturity of the Asset Lifecycle Management in the Case of the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA)
Authors: Dedeke Adenekan
Published: November 2021

Asset management is a central capability that organizations have to perform well. Asset management is concerned about the management of assets that are valuable or potentially valuable to an organization. This article focuses on asset management as it is performed in the railway transit industry. The past decade has seen a number of positive changes in the way that transit agencies manage their assets. While many transit agencies have introduced asset management approaches, work still needs to be done in the area of how we assess the maturity of asset management programs. This article proposes a framework for assessing the maturity of asset management programs, especially those that are used to manage individual assets according to their lifecycles. To illustrate the value of the proposed asset management maturity framework, we describe the asset management transformation at a transit agency and use the proposed framework to document the gains of the improvement effort.
Three Approaches to Risk Management in the Cloud
Authors: Kim Hak J.
Published: November 2021

Since companies have increasingly used cloud services for their businesses, security risks are important issues for their business success. The paper presents the understanding of cloud computing and risk management in the cloud. For managing cloud risks, three risk management approaches are introduced.. This paper will give some inferences that companies choose the best cloud network to enhance their businesses and use the appropriate risk management approach to mitigate their risks within the cloud environment.
Lean IT With Value Stream Mapping Analysis
Authors: Jeong Bong Keun , Ji Soo-Yeon , Jeong Dong Hyun
Published: November 2021

Value Stream Mapping (VSM) is a useful tool for depicting the flow of materials and information in manufacturing and service processes. It is known as one of the most popular lean methods to identify bottlenecks, reduce cycle time, and improve current processes. Although VSM has been extensively used in manufacturing, there are limited studies that applied VSM in non-manufacturing environments. In this study, we present an application of VSM to improve Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) process in an IT firm. The current process flows (as-is) are mapped to identify non-value-added activities as well as areas for improvement. Based on the analysis of the current state map, we propose recommendations, action plans, and a future state map (to-be-process). We estimate that, with the new process changes, IT project delivery time can be reduced from 210.5 days to 137.5 days – a 34.7% reduction in the software development life cycle process. This provides a powerful base for IT project management and enables the IT department to meet its expected project turnaround time.
ZIKV-Related Ideations and Modern Contraceptive Use: Cross-Sectional Evidence from the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala
Authors: Fleckman Julia M. , Silva Martha , Stolow Jeni , LeSar Kendra , Spielman Kathryn , Hutchinson Paul
Published: November 2021

Zika virus (ZIKV) can be sexually transmitted and can lead to severe neonatal and child health issues. The current study examines whether ZIKV-related ideational factors, including awareness of ZIKV and associated birth defects, are related to modern contraceptive use among women and men with sexual partners in four Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries. Data used are from cross-sectional household surveys conducted in 2018 in the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras with representative samples of men and women aged 18–49 (N = 1,100). The association between self-reported use of modern contraception and measures of Zika knowledge, risk perceptions and social norms, and contraceptive self-efficacy was examined via sex disaggregated multivariate logistic regression models. Both men (OR 3.70, 95% CI 1.36–10.06, P < 0.05) and women (OR 3.71, 95% CI 2.30–5.99, P < 0.0001), who reported discussing family planning with their partner in the last year were more likely to use modern contraception compared with those who did not. Contrary to our hypothesis, knowledge that ZIKV can affect a fetus was negatively associated with modern contraceptive use for women (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.29–0.85, P < 0.05). Given the cross-sectional nature of the survey, women not using contraception may be more likely to remember that ZIKV can affect a fetus. In the event of a related outbreak, future health promotion and communication efforts in LAC should focus on known determinants of modern contraceptive use, such as knowledge and partner communication, and knowledge of the health effects of ZIKV if pregnant, to influence family planning decision-making behavior.
Transition from analogue to digital at the National Archives of Zimbabwe
Authors: Bishi Amos , Rodrigues Antonio
Published: November 2021

This paper seeks to bring to light the contemporary landscape of digital technology at the National Archives of Zimbabwe (NAZ) and its move towards the provision of access and awareness of its historical collections through technology. The institution has geared towards opening its doors to the public through outreach programmes; public exhibitions; websites; oral history projects; publications and broadcasting archives with changing circumstances. The ideology of taking the archives to the citizens has paved way for outreach archivists to do the right thing, in line with their obligations to provide access to information. The National Archives of Zimbabwe, like any other archive, preserves records that have been selected for permanent preservation because of their historical and enduring value. The paper explores the challenges faced by the public archivist in the management of traditional and analogue archives and the subsequent need for transition to digital technologies. The adoption of digital technologies in the management of public archives will enable the public archivists to provide faster and easier access to the archival materials. Digital technologies enhance information sharing and reduce redundancy of the collections. The researchers used a qualitative case study methodology with an interpretivist perspective where the main focus of the research was on the NAZ’s Public Archive. Interviews, document analysis and observations were used as the major data collecting methods. The results showed that the institution had made a good start, encouraging progress and was still working on the migration from analogue technology to full adoption of digital technology.
Harnessing a records management programme for justice delivery at the Alice magistrate court in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
Authors: Ntengenyane Khunjulwa , Khayundi Festus
Published: November 2021

This article focuses on harnessing a records management programme for justice delivery at the Alice Magistrates’ court. The objectives of the study were to find the extent to which court records are managed for justice delivery, the influence of court records in court processes, and the challenges, if any, of managing court records for justice delivery. The population of the study comprised all those who created and used court records at the Alice Magistrates’ court. The study used both quantitative and qualitative methods for data collection. Quantitative data were coded and analysed using Microsoft Excel 2010 while qualitative data were analysed using emerging themes based on the objectives of the study. The findings revealed that although records were important for justice delivery by the court, there were challenges posed by inadequate infrastructure, the lack of necessary knowledge and skills, ineffective control of records for justice delivery, and inadequate facilities for preservation and security of records. The study recommended improvement of the existing records management programme as a strategy. This is necessary for effective and efficient records management programme for justice delivery by the Alice Magistrates’ court.
The processing of Kgosi Bathoen II private archives collection for increased access to archives
Authors: Mosweu Tshepho
Published: November 2021

National archival institutions are responsible for the acquisition, preservation and making accessible of their nation’s documentary heritage. It is on this basis that the Department of Botswana National Archives and Records Services (BNARS) acquires records through the normal transfer of public records from government agencies as well as donations of private archives. The main purpose of this paper is to analyse the processing of private archives of a prominent “Kgosi” in the history of Botswana, Kgosi Bathoen II of the Bangwaketse ethnic group. This is a qualitative study that used literature review to collect data. It also uses the author’s personal observation, as she was involved in the acquisition and processing of the Bathoen II archives. The key findings suggest that even though Batswana have not been donating their private archives in high numbers, BNARS have made strides in collecting private archives of prominent individuals in the country. Unlike public records, private archives collections may not come in any logical arrangement, which may be a tormenting exercise for the archivist to process and select what is worth preserving. This paper concludes that despite the difficulties encountered in processing a huge collection of private papers with no order, private papers should follow the normal archives’ practice of arrangement and description for eventual access by researchers or users. Additionally, the significance of private archives in filling the gaps found in the national repositories was revealed through Bathoen II collection, as it has information on various aspects of Botswana life, customs, traditions and the people. As such, the collection provides diversity to the nation’s documentary heritage and serves as a rich resource for research. This paper also presents lessons learnt in the preservation of private archives in Botswana.
Dynamic Compressive Strength of Recycled Aggregate Concrete
Authors: Fareed Shamsoon , Khan Asad-ur-Rehman , Masood Samra
Published: November 2021

Over the years the construction waste has enormously increased, this may be attributed to different factors such as (i) demolition (ii) accidents (iii) impact loads (iv) earthquakes. These activities have caused an increasing burden on already exhausted waste management system globally. As a result, the concrete waste produced in a large quantity has become a major issue to manage due to limited landfill sites. Therefore, the recycling of waste concrete can prove to be beneficial and necessary for the environmental preservation and effective utilization of natural resources. Number of studies have been conducted to study the static mechanical properties of recycled aggregate concrete; however, limited test data has been published which focused on the dynamic properties of the concrete prepared with recycled coarse aggregates. Therefore, in this investigation aim was to study the behavior of recycled aggregates concrete under increasing dynamic compressive loading. For this purpose, cylindrical specimens having a diameter of 100 mm and height of 200 mm were used. These specimens have been prepared with constant concrete mix ratio, having varying percentages of RA such as 0%, 30%, and 50% 70 % and 100%. The dynamic compressive behaviour was studied by using drop hammer system. The height drop hammer system consist of a frame having a maximum height of 15ft. Firstly, three samples (1, 1R, 2R) from each percentage replacement (0%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 100%) were tested on six different velocities of 2.44m/s, 3.45m/s, 4.23m/s, 4.89m/s, 5.46m/s and 7.45m/s with varying strain rates of 12.04/s, 17.00/s, 20.83/s, 24.08/s, 26.89/s and 36.73/s respectively. Weight of the drop hammer was 10 kg. Based on the detailed experimental investigation, it was found that the behaviour of the recycled aggregate concrete under dynamic loading differ significantly from the static loading.
CHARACTERIZATION OF PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS AND MENTAL DISORDERS OF THE NURSING TEAM OF A HOSPITAL IN GOIAS
Authors:   Faculdade Evangélica de Goianésia, GO, Brasil., Mendes da Silva Vieira Tatiane , Cardoso do Nascimento Laís ,   Faculdade Evangélica de Goianésia, GO, Brasil.
Published: November 2021

This research aimed to verify the mental health status related to occupational factors of nursing professionals in a public hospital in the State of Goiás, Brazil. This quantitative descriptive research characterized the psychosocial aspects and mental disorders developed by the nursing team in a public hospital in Goiás. The questionnaire application occurred during August and September 2020. The study sample was composed of 15 nursing professionals of a participating hospital in Goiás. The occupational health of nurses in a hospital may involve several challenges since their work environment may change according to each company reality. Thus, the professional may work in dangerous, risky, unhealthy, refrigerated, noisy, confined, or shared locations. We then conclude the mental disorders are present in the daily life of professionals who work in a hospital environment, especially nurses, and are related to circumstances experienced within the workplace itself, leading to gradual illness among the professionals.
Uncles’ Generation: Adult Male Fans and Alternative Masculinities in South Korean Popular Music (Translation into Russian)
Authors: Ha Jarryn
Published: November 2021

This article discusses the recent emergence of adult male fans of Korean pop (K-pop) music who openly engage themselves in fan activities typically associated with teenagers (particularly teenage girls) and the significance of their adoration of young female celebrities. The recent appearance of the ‘samchon/uncle fans’ in the K-pop culture discourse marks the first instance since the early 1990s, when teenagers became the primary target audience of South Korea’s entertainment industry, in which male adults reclaimed a significant position as a demographic group of fans. The samchon fans differ from the traditional ajossi (middle-aged, patriarchal men) listeners of adult contemporary music in the kinds of singers and musical genres to which they listen, as well as in their self-identification as fans, participation in fan activities and mass media portrayals. I investigate the implications of the men’s consumption pattern and their representation in South Korean mass media within the contexts of the history of the construction of hegemonic masculinity in South Korea and of recent developments in East Asian popular culture. I also explore possible ways to apply, complicate and question existing theoretical and conceptual frameworks to explain the phenomenon and argue for the possibility of politically potent, alternative masculinities constructed and manifested through the men’s conspicuous consumption of cultural commodities.
4. MÉTODOS DE TRATAMIENTO UTILIZADOS EN NEOADYUVANCIA
Authors: O. Leiro Fabio , Bianchi Romina
Published: November 2021

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5. ESQUEMAS DE TRATAMIENTO
Authors: O. Leiro Fabio , Bianchi Romina
Published: November 2021

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12. COMPLICACIONES DE LA NEOADYUVANCIA
Authors: O. Leiro Fabio , Bianchi Romina
Published: November 2021

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14. PRONÓSTICO LUEGO DE LA NEOADYUVANCIA
Authors: O. Leiro Fabio , Bianchi Romina
Published: November 2021

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15. QUIMIOTERAPIA ADYUVANTE POSTNEOADYUVANCIA
Authors: O. Leiro Fabio , Bianchi Romina
Published: November 2021

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20. CONCLUSIONES
Authors: O. Leiro Fabio , Bianchi Romina
Published: November 2021

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Safe Bicycle Lane Design Principles: Responding to Cycling Needs in Cities during COVID and Beyond
Authors: Adriazola-Steil Claudia , Pérez-Barbosa David , Batista Bruno , Luke Nikita , Li Wei , Bray Sharpin Anna
Published: November 2021

Cycling has become a popular, resilient and reliable travel option during the pandemic in cities around the globe. The implementation of emergent, or pop-up, bike lanes has received an overwhelming response since early 2020 and has also created a growing desire for safe and efficient bicycle infrastructure. Between March and July 2020, 394 cities, states and countries reported interventions that reallocated street space for people to cycle and walk more easily, directly and safely. This shift to cycling comes at a perfect time when cities have been making efforts to meet greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets. Pop-up bike lanes are typically implemented with temporary materials to segregate a traffic lane for the use of cyclists only. Despite this initial temporary condition, any new cycling infrastructure must be designed and implemented thoughtfully and to the highest standards to reduce or eliminate risks that cyclists face during trips, especially novice cyclists who might be biking in the city for the first time. When a crash occurs between a vehicle and a bicycle, it’s the cyclist who is most likely to be injured. According to the WHO, every year 41,000 cyclists die in road traffic-related incidents worldwide, representing 3% of global road traffic deaths. Temporary and quickly designed bike lanes should not compromise on safety. Bike lanes that are deployed now may have a significant impact on travel patterns and safety in cities for years to come, especially as the broad range of temporary materials available can be rapidly installed yet offer a semipermanent solution. For this reason, it is important to get the design and planning right. And right means safe. This guidance equips government agencies, designers, and civil society organizations that are participating in the health crisis response with an understanding of how to protect cyclists through safe and appropriate design. Cities are investing considerable effort and resources to implement safe cycling lanes under very challenging conditions, and this energy should not be wasted. The guidance provided here is based on the broad experience of the global team of authors, led by the WRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities in collaboration with the Dutch Cycling Embassy, the League of American Bicyclists, Urban Cycle Planning (Denmark), and Asplan Viak (Norway).
Richhpal Singh Meena v. Ghasi: Past Eclipse of India’s Substantive Criminal Law in Contemporary Operation
Authors: Lalli Jaideep Singh
Published: November 2021

The Indian Supreme Court’s verdict in Richhpal Singh Meena v. Ghasi is a marked peripeteia in the legal position on the applicability of offences under the two sub-chapters of Chapter XVI of the IPC in the heads of sections dealing with ‘Offences Affecting Life’ and ‘Hurt’. In essence, this ruling declared that scenarios that end with death of the victim will mandatorily have to be only covered by the sub-chapter ‘Offences Affecting Life’, making ‘actus reus of fatal results’ the determinant for choosing the offence for which the accused is to be convicted. After providing a factual frame of reference, this paper recapitulates the key elements of the Court’s reasoning in arriving at this principle. The main thrust of the paper lies in its analysis of the Court’s faulty neologisms and legally inconsistent alterations in the yardsticks that govern which cases fall under either of the two heads. This paper argues that the Court’s ratio decidendi and the principles it has evolved represent nothing short of insouciance towards decades of clarificatory precedent and that they are ex facie since Richhpal’s ruling engenders injustice in situations where the intention is to only cause hurt, but death results regardless of the intention transpired. As a judgment made in 2014, this ruling continues to breed iniquitous convictions even to this day. It is this examination of the judgment’s myopia for the past and its eclipse on the present delivery of justice that represents the central thesis of this paper.
Bulut Bilişim Teknolojileri
Authors: ÇELİK Kamil
Published: November 2021

Gelişen teknoloji ile her geçen gün birçok yenilik ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu yeniliklerden biri de Endüstri 4.0’ın yapı taşlarından biri olan Bulut Bilişimdir. Bulut Bilişim Endüstri 4.0 ile üretimi artan verinin depolanmasını, yedeklenmesini ve ihtiyaç duyulduğunda paylaşılması sağlayan internet temelli çalışan bir teknolojidir. Bireylerin ve işletmelerin her alanda teknolojinin sağladığı yeniliklerden ve avantajlardan faydalanmak istemeleri göz önünde bulundurulduğunda Bulut Bilişimin önemi daha iyi anlaşılmaktadır. Günümüzde işletmeler için en önemli şeylerden biri, teknolojinin de yardımıyla büyük veri, bulut teknolojisi gibi sistemlerden faydalanarak yeni pazarlama stratejileri geliştirmektir. Bulut Bilişim işletmelere birçok avantaj sunduğu gibi bireylere de birçok fayda sağlamaktadır. Sahip olduğu avantajlar nedeniyle Bulut Bilişimin kullanımının artması ve bilinirliliğinin yaygınlaşması önem arz etmektedir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada Bulut Bilişimin mimarisinden, depolama hizmetlerinden, servis modellerinden ve Bulut Bilişim hizmeti sunan işletmelerden bahsedilmiştir. Böylece Bulut Bilişim hakkında farkındalık oluşturulması hedeflenmiştir.
CRIMINAL PROCEDURAL FORMS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF PETTY CRIME IN SERBIAN AND GERMAN LAW
Authors:   Faculty of Law, University of Belgrade, Đokić Ivan , Čvorović Dragana ,   University of Criminal Investigation and Police Studies
Published: November 2021

The subject of the paper is the analysis of solutions that exist in Serbian and German criminal procedural law and refer to cases in which the public prosecutor in the field of petty crime is authorized to act towards adult perpetrators in accordance with the principle of opportunity of criminal prosecution. In relation to one variant of this principle, which implies conditional and temporary restraint of criminal prosecution, there is a distinct similarity in both mentioned legislations. However, with regard to the classic form of this procedural principle, which enables the public prosecutor to refrain prosecution for reasons of expediency, where he primarily values the public interest in prosecuting, there is a striking difference, because our criminal procedural law does not allow such a variant of the principle of opportunity of criminal prosecution. This difference is a consequence of a different criminal policy approach, because while in German criminal law the problem of petty crime is solved exclusively by procedural mechanisms, in Serbian criminal law, in addition to procedural law, there are also appropriate instruments in the substantive criminal law.
SENTENCING SCOPES (RANGES) IN THE CRIMINAL CODE OF MONTENEGRO AND THE SENTENCING POLICY
Authors:   Law Faculty, University of Montenegro, Radulović Darko
Published: November 2021

The fixing of sentence is one of the most important issues in both criminal law theory and practice. In a certain sense, all provisions of the criminal legislation are embodied precisely in the fixing of sentence. The fixing of sentence depends on the manner in which the legal sentencing scopes have been set normatively. This paper is dedicated to the analysis of the sentencing ranges in the Criminal Code of Montenegro. It first discusses the three systems of imposition of a sentence of imprisonment, and then the different models of sentencing scopes (closed, open and semi-open). This is followed by a presentation of the prevalence of said models in the criminal legislation of Montenegro in terms of the normative determination of individual sanctions in a separate part of the Criminal Code and its practical application. There is also an examination of the relationship between the legislative sentencing policy and the judicial sentencing policy.
The Capability in Pronouncing the English Final Consonant Clusters by the English Department Students, Faculty of Humanities, Udayana University
Authors:   Faculty of Humanities Udayana University, Bali Indonesia, Indrawati Ni Luh Ketut Mas
Published: November 2021

This study attempts to describe the ability of the English Department students, Faculty of Humanities, Udayana University in pronouncing English final consonant clusters. Consonant clusters are groups of consonants that can occur initia lly (onset) and finally (coda) in the syllable structure. The features of consonant clusters in each language are highly dependent on the language itself. In English, the number of consonants at the beginning of a syllable can be up to three such as: structure /strʌktʃə/, spring /sprIŋ/, while the number of consonants that forms a cluster in the coda can be up to four as in sixths /siksθs/, texts /teksθs/. While, Consonant clusters in Indonesian and Balinese as the mother tongue of students are very limited in number and only exist initially in the words. This difference, obviously, creates problems for students in pronouncing English words containing these consonant clusters The knowledge of the English sound system is taught in the English phonetic and phonemic course in the fifth semester at the English Department, Faculty of Humanities, Udayana University. This study examined the ability to pronounce consonant clusters by the second semester students who have not taken English Phonetic and Phonemic courses to be compared with student s who have taken the course, so that it can be seen to what extent the course can change students’ performance in pronouncing the consonant clusters. This research is descriptive qualitative research, supported by quantitative data. The research population was 20 second semester students and 20 sixth semester students randomly taken. The research instrument was a list of English words containing consonant clusters and questionnaires. The data collection technique was done through recording, and the data were analyzed descriptive qualitatively and presented formally and informally.
INBREEDING LINES OF MAIZE – DONORS OF VALUABLE CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: MYSKO O.I. , MATIEHA O.O. , HOODZOVATA O.M.
Published: November 2021

The article presents the results of estimating the donor characteristics of 16 lines of maize selected by the Transcarpathian State Agricultural Research Station of NAASU. 7 samples have been singled out that are donors of high productivity, viz.: ЗК 106/1, ЗК 315, ЗК 318, ЗК 326, ЗК 343/2, ЗК 347, ЗК 348. These lines were involved in tester interbreeding for further hybridization of maize of various groups of ripeness with an array of valuable economic characteristics. Keywords: maize, line, donor, characteristic, productivity, analyser, hybrid test
SOFT WINTER WHEAT VARIETY YUVIVATA 60 AS A PERSPECTIVE FOR GRAIN PRODUCTION AND SELECTION FOR ADAPTABILITY AND SUSCEPTABILITY TO PHOTOPERIOD
Authors: MOSKALETS T.Z. , MOSKALETS V.V. , MOSKALETS V.I. , BUNIAK N.M. , BARAT YU.M. , KNIAZIUK O.V.
Published: November 2021

Soft winter wheat variety Yuvivata 60 has been characterized according to its economically valuable indices. Its morphological features and biological characteristics have been described. The uniqueness of the Yuvivata 60 genotype has been determined. It is related to a number of ontogenetical peculiarities, ecological and adaptive mechanisms: high ecological plasticity of plants due to genetical heterogeneity that proves inhomogeneity of phenetic markers – spectres of proteins-gliadins, high crop capacity of grain (with the potential of 10 tonnes/hectare) due to high reproductive ability, viz.: multifloweredness (up to 60 flowers in an ear), multispiculateness (up to 23) and ear grain content (96%); high quality of grain (with the amount of protein up to 16%, gluten up to 34%); forming a strong root system (prolonged coleoptile – up to 6 cm, deep and branched bedding of primary and secondary radicles in spring with optimal sowing terms between 25–30 September); medium photoperiod susceptibility and highly active renewal of spring bunch-formation (the variety of prolonged daylight hours); synchronic development of spring shoots (low percentage of aftersprings, earless stems); high photosynthetic productivity of crops (7 g/m2/day conditioned by continuous functioning of the leaf apparatus of the first and second layers, awns and ear); resistance to lodging side by side with medium-growth and high crop capacity of the grain due to a strong and incrassate stem; high resistance to sprouting within the ear (caused by a long latent period); resistance to pests and pathogenic agents of fungus infections, viz. septoriose, yellow stripe rust and various kinds of brand (8–9 points), medium resistance to leaf and stem rust, as well as oidium (5–7 points); high resistance to anomalies of climatope in the autumn-winter and spring-summer periods (drought resistance 8–9 points, winter and frost resistance above average – 7 points). Keywords soft winter wheat, high crop capacity, agricultural and ecological peculiarities, economically valuable characteristics, donor of determining insusceptibility to photoperiod.
THE INFLUENCE OF EROSION PROCESSES ON THE QUALITY OF SOILS OF THE MOUNTAIN ZONE OF THE TRANSCARPATHIAN REGION
Authors: FANDALYUK A. , POLICHKO V. , CANАYLO V.
Published: November 2021

After the reform in the mountainous zone of the Transcarpathian region, there are currently 15 territorial communities, which have united 75 village, settlement and city councils, which include 130 settlements. In this area 80.2% are hayfields and pastures. Another 0.5% of the area is occupied by perennial plantations, and 5.21 thousand hectares or 19.3% of the total area is allocated for arable land. The most susceptible to erosion processes are soils under row crops, in particular under potatoes and other roots. Withdrawal of eroded lands from agricultural lands is the most ecologically justified and economically feasible way of their use. Keywords: mountain zone of the Carpathians, structure of agricultural lands, soil, erosion processes.
NEW KINDS OF WINES OF THE VERMOUTH TYPE BASED ON AROMATIC PLANT RAW MATERIALS
Authors: MATIEHA O.O. , BALIAN I.V. , ZHUKOVSKA L.TS. , FODOR L.V.
Published: November 2021

The article analyses about twenty cultivated and wild growing plants (lavender, mint, hyssop, fennel, etc.) as raw material bases for producing various types of flavoured wines. The varieties of wine-producing grapes that form the basis of flavoured beverages have been determined. The author suggests data on the accumulation of volatile ethers/esters in wines with added plant raw materials, as well as their optimal volume. The quality of various types of wine has been determined and the best variants have been singled out. Keywords: spices and herbs, grape flavoured wine.
Transaksi Rahn Emas Dalam Tinjauan Tafsir dan Hadis
Authors: Setiawan Dedy , Ridwan Ahmad Hasan
Published: November 2021

Gold is one of the instruments that is most in demand by the Indonesian people because it has a stable value and a liquid commodity, on this basis it makes more and more institutions that have financing products with gold pawn schemes. The purpose of this study was to determine the transaction of rahn gold in the review of interpretations and hadiths. The type of research used in the research on Rahn Emas Transactions in the Review of Tafsir and Hadith is Library Research, which is a research method that obtains data by studying, researching, and reviewing related library materials, as well as examining data by observing phenomena that occur in the field. The result of the review of interpretations and hadiths about gold is that the transaction of rahn gold is lawful based on the Word of God, QS. al-Baqarah [2]: 283:, Hadith of the Prophet narrated by al-Bukhari and Muslim from 'A'isha ra, Hadith of the Prophet narrated by al-Shafi'i, al-Daraquthni and Ibn Majah from Abu Hurairah, Hadith of the Prophet narrated by the Jama'ah , except for Muslims and al-Nasa'i, the Ijma ulama in the book (al-Zuhaili, al-Fiqh al-Islami wa Adillatuhu, 1985, V: 181) and is supported by fiqh rules, namely Basically all forms of muamalat can be done unless there is evidence which forbids it. The study of the meaning of mufradat as an order if they are in debt or muamalah within a certain period of time there must be a written agreement and bring witnesses. Transactions carried out in rahn gold are a) the costs and costs of storing goods (marhun) are borne by the pawnbroker (rahin), b) the costs borne by the pawnbroker are adjusted to the expenditure of rahin, and c) the cost of storing goods (marhun) is carried out based on an ijarah agreement.
Initial Psychological Response of Various Population Groups to COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Shahzaib Ahmad  , Ahmed Shahzaib , Muhammad Abubakar Shahid Chishti  , Usman Hotiana  , Tania A. Shakoori
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The corona virus pandemic has brought with it psychological problems like anxiety, stress, and depression. Research studies are urgently required to generate data that would help formulate strategies to manage the ensuing psychiatric and psychological maladies at societal level.

Aims & Objectives: The aim of our study is to better comprehend the initial psychological response of society to COVID-19 outbreak though a survey.

Place and duration of study: This cross-sectional study was conducted in King Edward Medical University, Lahore from April 2020 to October 2020.

Material & Methods: An online questionnaire comprising of 20 items including the Zung self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) was disseminated to three fifty (350) participants. Two hundred and seventy-one (n=271) responses were received. Collected data was entered and analyzed using the SPSS software version 20. Categorical variables were presented as frequencies and percentages. Relationships between categorical variables were tested by Chi square test. Regression analysis was conducted to investigate the effect of various variables on total stress score. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant.

Results: It was revealed that 85.2% of the respondents reported minimal psychological impact, 14.8% had mild to moderate anxiety levels and 0.4% reported marked to severe anxiety. The impact was 2.5 times greater in subjects belonging to lower socioeconomic status (p=0.02).

Conclusion: Population belonging to lower socioeconomic class is more vulnerable to be impacted by psychological disturbances due to the pandemic owing to economic losses that are magnified in the population with fragile earning sources.
Food Insecurity and its Effect on Mental Health: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hamna Zahid  , Sana Noreen  , Bahisht Rizwan  , Shahid Bashir  , Shahwar Javaid  , Mujeeb Ur Rehman  , Dua Waqar  , Ayza Hashmi  , Mahnoor Khalid  , Kinza Kashif  , Osama Rasheed
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Food security is a rising concern worldwide. It is estimated that more than one billion people lack adequate supply of dietary energy and that at least half that amount suffers from micronutrient deficiencies. It is influenced by several factors: income, employment, race/ethnicity and disability, which adversely affect health. Food security has been considered as a risk factor for depression, stress and anxiety.

Aims & Objectives: The research aimed to find the effect of food insecurity on mental health using systematic analysis. 

Place and duration of study: Data was gathered using Google Scholar, Medline, Embase, Science Direct and books from studies conducted between 2015 and 2020.

Material & Methods: Systematic analysis was conducted with references to the literature.

Results: This review showed a strong link of food insecurity with mental health status like depression, anxiety, and stress.

Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the tests of depression and mental health in both secured and foodinsecure food areas should be mandatory at the primary health level. It is suggested that food insecurity interventions on national and regional levels may help reduce the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress and improve the overall mental health status of the community.
Effect of Nigella sativa on Estradiol Levels and Menopausal Symptoms in Post-Menopausal Females
Authors: Sana Shazo , Umair Hafiz Muhammad , Saeed Muniza
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Menopause is the permanent cessation of menses, typically occurs in women of 45-55 years. Menopause is associated with a number of somatic, psychological and sexual symptoms due to decline in estradiol levels resulting in poor quality of life of postmenopausal females.

Aims & Objectives: The purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of Nigella sativa on menopausal symptoms and estradiol levels in postmenopausal females.

Place and duration of study: Department of Physiology PGMI, Lahore for 8 weeks.

Material & Methods: It was an interventional study conducted on 30 postmenopausal females. Nigella sativa was administered in the dose of 1g/day after breakfast for a period of 8 weeks. Menopausal Rating Scale (MRS) was filled and blood sample was taken before and after giving Nigella sativa for estradiol and testosterone levels. Data was analyzed by paired t-test using SPSS-21 and p- value less than 0.05 was considered significant.

Results: The result of the study showed that there was statistically significant reduction in the overall score of MRS (p = 0.001) and in all its domains, somatic (p=0.001), psychological (p=0.001) and urogenital (p=0.017). There was also significant improvement in blood estradiol level after 8 weeks of Nigella sativa administration (p= 0.021).

Conclusion: Nigella sativa supplementation increases estradiol level and decreases menopausal symptoms severity as indicted by significant reduction in the 3 domains of MRS and may be used by postmenopausal females on regular basis to improve their quality of life.
An Updated Insight into Learning Approach of Government Sector Dental Students in Balochistan
Authors: Khan Nabiha Farasat , Saeed Muhammad , Ayub Ayesha , Butt Arshad Kamal
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Learning approach is impacted by character attributes, domain of study, assignments assigned and requirements of medical/dental program. This helps in acquiring cognition through surface and deep learning that influences the amount and standard of learner’s acquisition of knowledge. 

Aims & Objectives: The objective of this work was to appraise Learning Approach (Deep or Surface Learning) of dental students at a public sector medical college.

Place and duration of study: Bolan Medical College, Quetta, June-November 2016.

Material & Methods: After ethical approval, a descriptive observational Census was conducted using RLS tool on 85 BDS (Bachelors of Dental Surgery) students at Bolan Medical College, Quetta. Data was collected on 14 RLS Likert scale variables and analyzed with SPSS version 20.

Results: Eighty-five students participated in study; the response rate was 89.4%. Females constituted 72% of the participants with a mean composite RLS score of 64.26 ± 12.46. Highest mean score was noted for variable 6 (aware of learning task 6.07 + 1.46) with 85% reporting a positive attitude, followed by 71% on variable 14 (self-assess 5.36+ 1.95),68% on variable 12 (use capacity to reflect 5.24 + 1.66) and variable 8 (ponder for learning 5.24 + 1.59). Sixtyseven percent students were able to eliminate study related negative feelings. No statistically significant differences were found between genders and four academic years on all 14 items.

Conclusion: BDS students demonstrated deep learning behavior through mitigating their negative thinking, memorizing learned material, self-assessment of their work and clarifying concepts by making association among themes to better understand the acquired knowledge and impression about subjects.
The Burden of Infectious Diseases: A Trend Appraisal in Sub-Saharan Africa Regional Trade Blocs
Authors: Jemiluyi Olufunmilayo Olayemi , Bank-Ola Rebecca Folake
Published: November 2021

Purpose: The study aimed at presenting a comparative appraisal of the trends of the two most prevalent infectious diseases bedeviling the region: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB).
Subject & Methods: Data on fourteen ECOWAS member countries and also fourteen member countries of the SADC bloc. This represents about 93.3% and 87.5% membership of the ECOWAS and SADC blocs respectively. Although the choice of sample size is determined largely by the availability of data, the choices were carefully made to maximize available observation. The data were sourced from World Development Indicators online database published by the World Bank. We use two measures of infectious diseases: the prevalence rate of human immunodeficiency virus and the incidence of tuberculosis.
Results: The HIV prevalence rates and incidence of TB were uneven in the two selected trade blocs. The magnitude and the severity of the diseases varied. The burden of both diseases was higher for SADC and lesser for ECOWAS. The average prevalence rate of HIV in the SADC bloc over the study period was 600% of the prevalence rate in ECOWAS (SADC = 12.5%, ECOWAS = 2.1%). Likewise, in the same period, the average TB incidence per 100,000 people was 578.8 and 181.7 respectively in the SADC and ECOWAS blocs.
Conclusions: The study finds that the magnitude and severity of the diseases vary widely between the Economic Community of West Africa States (ECOWAS) and the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) trade blocs. And, while concerted efforts at curbing the diseases have yielded results, there is still much to be done in both blocs.
Simultaneous Use of Factor XIII and Fibrin Degradation Products in Diagnosing Early Cases of NEC and Neonatal SEPSIS
Authors: Sharaf Mohammad Abdelmonaem , Hashem Heba Ezzat , Ahmed Wafaa O.
Published: November 2021

Purpose: The study examined the use of factor XIII and fibrin degradation products in diagnosing early cases of NEC and neonatal sepsis.
Methods: Sixty neonates were divided into two groups. 30 preterm neonates suspected with early NEC Diagnosis of NEC was confirmed by modified Bell’s score and 30 preterm neonates with symptoms of neonatal sepsis; where sepsis was confirmed by blood culture and CRP. Laboratory evaluation of FDPs and plasma factor XIII was done for all the patients. The study was carried out in a tertiary NICU of the pediatric department, Ain Shams University Hospital. All enrolled neonates had a matched mean birth weight and gestational age. They were either moderate preterms >32 weeks, but <34 weeks, and late preterms >34 weeks, but <37 weeks).
Results: The results indicate a correlation between FDPs and the laboratory data of group B, and it was found out that FDPs were negatively correlated with TLC, Plate-lets, and CRP, reflecting FDPs increase with bone marrow suppression and progression of sepsis. Factor XIII was significantly lower in the group with NEC as compared to the group of sepsis (p<0.001), while FDPs level was significantly higher in the group with sepsis (p<. 0.001). The correlation between the clinical stages of NEC BELL's score and the level of Initial factor XIII level revealed that the factor level is negatively correlated with stage I of BELL's score. The follow-up revealed that there was no correlation between BELL's score and the level of follow-up factor XIII. On follow-up, the current study demonstrated that TLC, CRP, FDPS, PTT were significantly increased in the sepsis group with p values of 0.021,, 0.001, 0.001 and 0.01. The current study found significantly higher partial thromboplastin time (PTT) in the group with sepsis
Conclusion: Factor XIII level can predict early cases of NEC and can differentiate it from neo-natal sepsis.
The Role of Diagnostic Laparoscopy in the Unexplained Infertility Cases
Authors: Hamed Ibrahim Arafa I. , Shady Nahla Waer , Ait-Allah Abdu Saeed
Published: November 2021

Purpose: The study examines how useful laparoscopy is in finalizing the diagnosis of unexplained infertility.
Materials: The study included 50 women with 1 year or 2 years of infertility,  who had a regular marital life with unprotected intercourse for more than a year, normal husband's semen analysis, normal ovulation by folliculometry, normal hormonal profile, and normal hysterosalpingogram at the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Aswan University Hospital from January to December 2019.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study involving 50 women who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy after investigations and imaging failed to reveal the cause of infertility. During the procedure, the pelvis was inspected for any pathology, including the uterus, fallopian tubes, round ligaments, ureterovesical pouch, uterosacral ligaments, Douglas pouch, and ovarian fossae.
Results: Diagnostic laparoscopy helped uncover abnormal pathologies such as endometriosis, adhesions, and tubal pathologies in 30 women (60%) of the 50 included in the study, whereas no abnormality was detected in the remaining 20 (40%).
Conclusion: Laparoscopy is not only a crucial diagnostic technique in infertility patients, but it can also help with treatment selections. Conducting laparoscopy in cases of unexplained infertility is linked to both peritubular adhesions and pelvic endometriosis. These pelvic disorders might not be appropriately detected or treated without laparoscopy, and hysterosalpingography and basic imaging such as pelvic ultrasonography are frequently ignored.
Assessment of Thyroid Functions in Late Preterm Infants of Mothers on Antenatal Steroids
Authors: Hamza Rasha T , Hamed Amira I , Hassan Basma B B , Ahmed Wafaa O
Published: November 2021

Purpose: The study examined the effect of antenatal steroids on thyroid functions in late preterm infants on the third to the seventh day of life.
Patients and Methods: A comparative Cross-Sectional study was conducted on 75 neonates admitted to NICU in the first week of life. They were divided according to exposure to antenatal steroids into three groups. First group: exposed to complete course of ANS. Second group: exposed to partial course of ANS. The third group: not exposed to ANS. Serum samples were obtained from selected cases free T3, Free T4, and TSH levels in the third day of life, compared to the cut of levels currently available (the TSH reference range is (1.7 to 9.1 mU per L), T4 should be greater than( 10 mcg per dL). Using Eleusis and Cubase analyzers kits (Roche Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN, USA) by ELISA (enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay) technique.
Results: The study showed that there were significantly higher serum T4 levels in group 1 that was exposed to a complete course compared to group 2 (partial course) and 3 (Third group). There were no significant differences in serum TSH, T3 levels between groups. The current study found a decreased incidence of the ROP, NEC and BPD among group 1 as compared to the other two groups although was non statistically significant. In addition, the complete course of ANS had delayed the date of delivery (P=0.04) as compared to the partial course in the current study.
Conclusion: Antenatal corticosteroids can influence thyroid function in late preterm infants as serum T4 was significantly higher in infants exposed to complete course compared to those who were exposed to partial course or did not receive antenatal corticosteroids.