bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluación de las mediciones de lluvia en la Ciudad de México utilizando la red de disdrómetros y su comparación con respecto a la red de pluviómetros de balancín
Authors: Amaro-Loza Alejandra , Pedrozo-Acuña Adrián , Sánchez-Huerta Alejandro , Sánchez-Vargas Carlos , Vergara-Alcaraz Erick A.
Published: April 2022

Este trabajo representa una contribución para evaluación de las condiciones de las redes de observación de la precipitación en un área urbana, a partir de la comparación entre una red de sensores de disdrómetros ópticos láser (DOL) y una red de pluviómetros de balancín (PB) en la Ciudad de México. En la metodología se seleccionaron 9 estaciones DOL y 16 estaciones PB, las cuales secompararon de dos formas: primero, a partir de la acumulación total de precipitación durante tres años y segundo, por eventos de tormenta. Los resultados indican, que el análisis por eventos de tormenta es más representativo que comparando la precipitaciónacumulada. Las mediciones son aceptables, ya que estas se comprobaron a partir de correlaciones lineales. Asimismo, se determinó que el número de eventos y la distancia entre las estaciones contribuyen en la correlación de las mediciones. Es deseable que la metodología se aplique en el control de calidad periódico de las mediciones (calibración) y sea parte de las buenas prácticas parala medición del ciclo hidrológico urbano a escala local.
Análisis de la Ley Orgánica de protección integral a la infancia y la adolescencia frente a la violencia en España: los derechos de los menores implicados en procedimientos judiciales en materia de familia
Authors: Vilella LLop Pilar
Published: April 2022

En el presente trabajo se analizan los cambios que la reciente Ley Orgánica de protección integral a la infancia y la adolescencia frente a la violencia (LO 8/2021 de 4 de junio) supone, de manera concreta, para los derechos de los menores intervinientes en el procedimiento judicial. No debe perderse nunca de vista que lo que debe primar por encima de cualquier otro interés, es el Interés Superior del Menor (en adelante, ISM), lo que implica una enorme responsabilidad de los progenitores, y también de los operadores jurídicos actuantes. Por otro lado, en lo relativo al derecho del menor a ser escuchado, si bien debe ser respetado para garantizar el cumplimiento de la ley, no pueden obviarse las repercusiones, tildadas incluso como maltrato al menor, que una excesiva presión o interferencia de los progenitores sobre los mismos pueden acarrear en su salud psicológica, e incluso física.
Las escalas de la sostenibilidad en la obra de Lina Bo Bardi
Authors: Alba Dorado María Isabel
Published: April 2022

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo desvelar las claves con las que Lina abordó su quehacer arquitectónico como precursora de una serie de ideas próximas a lo que en la actualidad podemos relacionar con los principios de sostenibilidad. La finalidad de este estudio es que constituya una invitación a realizar una revisión de la disciplina arquitectónica en pleno siglo XXI que incorpore nuevas visiones de intervención sostenible que contemplen factores simbólicos y ambientales que satisfagan las necesidades del hombre desde el respeto a la sociedad, la cultura y el medioambiente. Para ello, se procederá al análisis e interpretación de su trayectoria profesional y de algunas de sus principales obras a partir de tres escalas que contemplan desde el diseño de objetos cotidianos, lo arquitectónico y lo urbano. Este estudio nos llevará a desvelar un modo de proceder basado en una preocupación social y medioambiental, pero cuya originalidad se encuentra en una vuelta a los orígenes que reivindica los procesos artesanales y populares basados en el reciclaje, la utilización de pocos recursos y de los medios que se tienen alcance de la mano, así como una relación sensible con la naturaleza y atenta a las necesidades humanas.
Construir el espacio a través de la colección. La casa de Sir John Soane
Authors: Santolaria Castellanos Ana Isabel , Ramos Alderete Jaime , Ramos Alderete Pablo
Published: April 2022

Esta investigación se centra en las relaciones existentes entre el habitante, la casa y los objetos que contiene, para revelar el papel que adquiere la colección en la construcción del espacio doméstico. El objeto de estudio es la casa de John Soane en Londres, como caso ejemplar en el que la colección se convierte en definidora y creadora de espacio. El estrecho vínculo entre colección y arquitectura se manifiesta especialmente en las Descriptions, el texto en el que Soane describe su propia casa a través de los objetos de cada estancia, planteando un recorrido ideado para revelar las virtudes del espacio arquitectónico. Se muestra así que la casa de Soane es una gran colección de arquitectura, materializada en la construcción simultánea de tres colecciones: de fragmentos de arquitectura, de edificios y de espacios arquitectónicos construidos. De algún modo, lo que Soane construye en el interior de su casa es un capricho arquitectónico. Una fantasía que representa una visión idealizada de su propia ‘idea de arquitectura,’ cuyo mayor valor y atractivo reside precisamente en la yuxtaposición deliberada de las piezas y en el diálogo que emerge entre ellas, construyendo así un espacio tridimensional cargado de significados intencionados.
Centraal Beheer. Un instrumento en el proceso de concienciación humano
Authors: Merino del Río Rebeca
Published: April 2022

La presente investigación pone el foco en las motivaciones y los procesos proyectuales que nos hacen concebir la obra temprana construida del arquitecto Herman Hertzberger, concretamente, el edificio de oficinas Centraal Beheer, como un instrumento. Se parte de la hipótesis de que Hertzberger trataba de responder a las necesidades y las demandas de la sociedad de los años sesenta forzando una interpretación individual del espacio orientada a estrechar los vínculos entre las personas, y entre estas y el entorno en el que coexistían. Si bien siguiendo razonamientos y estrategias dispares, su trabajo se construye sobre las premisas desarrolladas por el ala holandesa del Team 10, que constituye el principal antecedente arquitectónico. Pormedio de un análisis de los planos y los croquis pertenecientes a las diferentes fases del proyecto, la bibliografía específica y general, dos entrevistas con Herman Hertzberger y otras fuentes, se presenta una teoría sobre las estrategias de proyecto empleadas por el arquitecto para convertir el edificio de oficinas Centraal Beheer en un instrumento capaz de promover distintas interpretaciones por parte de los individuos como medio para fomentar procesos de identificación social y espacial.
El cuerpo y la muerte a través de algunos dibujos de Aldo Rossi y sus referencia literarias
Authors: González de Canales Francisco
Published: April 2022

En los últimos años ha surgido un renovado interés por Aldo Rossi, que ha planteado un nuevo acercamiento a su figura alternativos a los establecidos en las primeras recepciones de su obra, iniciando incursiones en los subtextos políticos, culturales y antropológicos que su trabajo ofrece. El presente artículo trata de contribuir a estas nuevas lecturas con un recorrido por la obra de Rossi que se detiene sobre un tema fundamental en los estudios de la antropología moderna: la cultura del cuerpo y de la muerte como aspecto central de las relaciones humanas más elementales. A través de una indagación sobre algunas de las referencias intelectuales de Rossi menos exploradas, especialmente la de Georges Bataille, así como de algunasparticularidades de su obra, vistas principalmente a través de algunos de sus dibujos, este trabajo trata de revelar este sustrato subyacente en el hacer del arquitecto milanés y plantea su relevancia a la hora de entender las relaciones más profundas de las que se nutre la experiencia del habitar humano.
Antonio Bonet. Explanadas y patios
Authors: Ródenas García Juan Fernando , Domingo Magaña Jose Ramon
Published: April 2022

El patio, ya desde la antigüedad, ha sido un principio arquitectónico utilizado para resolver la forma de la casa y sus posibilidades han sido también incorporadas en el imaginario de la arquitectura moderna. El patio, tradicionalmente, se caracteriza por ser un recinto que se abre al cielo, donde confluyen las estancias de la casa y constituye un formidable elemento de orden arquitectónico. El patio en la obra de Antonio BonetCastellana (Barcelona, 1913-1989) incorpora múltiples registros. Como se verá, en ocasiones, Bonet desplaza elpatio a los contornos del edificio para enriquecer el camino ritual de acceso; para ocultar y proteger el interior desde el exterior y, al mismo tiempo, para abrir la casa al paisaje. A escala superior aparece aquello que el autor denomina la ‘explanada,’ entendida como plazoleta o patio de acceso que recibe al visitante. Por otro lado, la explanada asociada a plataformas, porches o muros se configura como mirador sobre el paisaje. La ambigüedad y libertad de patios y explanadas resuelve el juego de opuestos público-privado, sin que ninguno de ellos pierda su identidad. La hipótesis del artículo es desvelar nuevas posibilidades exploradas por Bonet, al incorporar patios y explanadas, en una selección de obras de escala doméstica.
The Road Towards All under Heaven
Cosmology
Authors: Ma Jianxiong
Published: April 2022

This chapter explores the historical dynamics of ‘basin societies’, which
colluded with the state to maintain transportation systems between
Yunnan and Burma. Some social networks overlapped with transportation
routes as these routes had guaranteed the successful delivery of tribute
from exterior chieftains to the capital since the early Ming – and thereby
confirmed the ‘All Under Heaven’ state cosmology. The Zhaozhou Bazi
basin has been regarded as sustaining a geopolitical network of states.
Pushed by the local elite, communities reorganized their common property
to address changes in state policies and extended their networks to search
for alternative routes. Thus, dynamic local agency actively reconstructed
basin societies and affected centre-periphery relationships in southwest
China.
Fiscal Reform in the Late Qing
Authors: Kang Jin-A
Published: April 2022

This chapter summarizes and characterizes the fiscal trends of Guangdong
province in comparison with the rest of China from the late Qing period to
the Republican era before the Second Sino-Japanese War. Beginning in the
late Qing, the finance of Guangdong province differed from those of other
provinces in that there was the lowest proportion of land tax revenue and
the highest proportion of commercial tax revenue relative to total revenue.
In terms of revenue, this second largest province tapped the industrial
and commercial sectors to support the expanding provincial budget. In
particular, Guangdong took the lead in tapping financial resources to build
modernized government-owned industries. Such potential manifested
itself during Republican China, especially in the 1930s.
Religion and Forced Displacement in Modern Bulgaria
Authors: Kalkandjieva Daniela
Published: April 2022

The modern Bulgarian state has encountered a series of forced displacement
acts, as either the receiving state or the state of origin. As a rule, they
were triggered by outbursts of nationalism, military campaigns, border
changes and population exchanges. Meanwhile, the role of religion was
not constant: a key factor in the pre-communist acts of forced migration,
religion was suppressed under communism (1944-1989). The collapse of
this regime returned religion in the public arena, and the recent refugee
crisis revealed the renewed potential of religious authorities to influence
the attitudes of Bulgarians towards the newcomers.
The Roman Catholic Church and
Forced Displacement in Poland
Authors: Marczewska-Rytko Maria
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In 1926-1938, the number of emigrants returning to Poland was 870,300
people, while repatriates amounted to 1,181,100 people. The period after
World War II was characterised by mass population displacements
resulting from repatriation, re-emigration and relocation. According to
the data of the State Repatriation Office, repatriation and re-emigration
to Poland in 1944-1949 amounted to 3.8 million people. Before 1989,
the flow of migrants to Poland remained at a very low level. The Polish
transformation of the late 1980s and early 1990s and the associated lifting
of restrictions on the movement of people resulted in the arrival of the
first groups of foreigners. The opening of the borders encouraged an
influx of migrants from beyond the country’s eastern border. Also, the
first refugees appeared in Poland at that time. In Poland the category
of people defined as refugees is relatively small. In relation to refugees,
Pope Francis follows the path set by his predecessors. Pope Francis’
standpoint on immigrants and refugees is not shared by all members of
the Catholic and Christian community, including some Polish bishops
and priests.
Forced Displacement, Religious
Freedom and the Russia-Ukraine
Conflict
Authors: Vovk Dmytro
Published: April 2022

The chapter explores religiously motivated forced displacement from
the territories controlled by the so-called Donetsk and Luhansk People’s
Republics (DPR/LPR). The chapter argues that there are two forms of
religiously motivated forced displacement: the first form is deportation and
forced displacement as a result of violence and religious discrimination and
religiously motivated hatred, inspired or supported by public authorities of
DPR/LPR; the second form is more ‘voluntary’, in the sense that religious
communities’ members opt to migrate in order to preserve their right to
practice their religion freely. While deportation and forced displacement
relate to more serious violations of religious freedom, the second, more
‘voluntary’ form of forced displacement is far more widespread. This approach
to the study of religiously motivated forced displacement proves
that violations of religious freedom by DPR/LPR go beyond a few, even quite
brutal isolated incidents; they have been systematic and targeted significant
numbers of people belonging to various religious minorities. It should also
guide the Ukrainian government efforts in monitoring, identifying and
prosecuting violations of this fundamental right in the Donbas.
Learning from the Kunstkammer?
Colonial Objects and Decolonial Options
Authors: Snickare Mårten
Published: April 2022

The last chapter considers colonial objects not as traces of a historical past, but as
tangible presences in today’s museums. As contemporary museum pieces, they
raise urgent questions about belonging, possession, and representation; about
lingering colonial structures and the prospects of decolonization. Building on
postcolonial and decolonial critiques, as framed by Édouard Glissant, James Clifford,
and Walter Mignolo, the chapter concludes by proposing that colonial objects,
with their long-standing involvement in the entangled histories of museums and
colonialism, could play an important role in the re-envisioning and decolonization
of museums in the Western world.
Crumbling Structures and
Contaminated Narratives: Genre and
the Gothic
Authors: Horsley Karen
Published: April 2022

This chapter examines certain Gothic texts such as The Castle of Otranto
(Walpole 1764), Frankenstein (Shelley 1818), Dracula (Stoker 1897), and
Wuthering Heights (Brontë 1847) within the generic framework that has
traditionally determined the parameters of Gothic representation and
discusses the extent to which these parameters have been destabilized
post-eighteenth century. Critically engaging with conceptualizations of the
Gothic as a mutable and unfixed form, the chapter argues that this generic
destabilization is not only a consequence of the Gothic’s appearance in
more contemporary contexts, but also as a consequence of the Gothic’s
emergence in such specific locations as America, or the South.
Finding the South in the Ethereal:
Atmosphere and the Spectral in
Searching for the Wrong-Eyed Jesus
Authors: Horsley Karen
Published: April 2022

This chapter discusses the 2003 Searching for the Wrong-Eyed Jesus to
demonstrate the way in which the film positions the South within the
broader discourses of southern difference and southern otherness. It
undertakes an analysis of the film’s visual and thematic iconography –
specifically ruin and loss – while demonstrating the way in which the
South is cast in spectral tones due to a connection that is established
between the South’s alleged distinctiveness and the absent presence of
“atmosphere.” The film has been chosen for its dissimilarity to Toys in
the Attic, not to represent a rupture in the generic fabric, but rather, to
emphasize the two films’ cohesiveness even though, on the surface, they
may seem to occupy different generic territory.
„Wir kultivieren Wissen“
Authors: Krost Heidrun
Published: April 2022

Rudolf Bühler hat einst mit drei Metzgern angefangen, das Fleisch des Schwäbisch Hällischen Landschweins zu verarbeiten. Im Gespräch mit der LZ sagt er, warum Kräuter und Gewürze aus Beständen alter Bauerngärten so wertvoll sind. Aktuell startet er mit Basilikum- und Petersiliensorten das nächste Projekt.
Anbieter von Fixprodukten weiter unter Druck
Authors: Krost Heidrun
Published: April 2022

Der Gewürzmarkt ist in Bewegung – wie kaum ein anderer derzeit. Mit dem Einstieg von Nestlé bei Ankerkraut und Kraft Heinz bei Just Spices dürfte das so bleiben. Dabei stehen die Zeichen auf Konsolidierung, denn der durch die Pandemie initiierte Anstieg des Haushaltskonsums schwächt sich allmählich wieder ab.
Rewe schickt „Scheine für Vereine“ in Runde drei
Authors: Rentz Ingo
Published: April 2022

Rewe dreht bei der erfolgreichen Kampagne „Scheine für Vereine“ eine neue Runde. Bereits zum dritten Mal ruft der Händler seine Kunden dazu auf, mit ihrem Einkauf ihren Lieblingsamateursportverein zu unterstützen.
Kunden greifen nach günstigen Alternativen
Authors: Konrad Jörg
Published: April 2022

Auch im März gewinnen die Discounter Marktanteile zurück, weil sie weniger Umsatz verlieren als die Supermärkte. Laut dem jüngsten GfK-Consumer-Index sanken im LEH erneut die von den Verbrauchern „bezahlten Preise“. Der Grund: Die Konsumenten schichten ihre Ausgaben hin zu Angeboten und Handelsmarken um.
Relación entre la aplicación de las TAC, comprensión y satisfacción de estudiantes universitarios en el curso de contabilidad básica I
Authors: Riva-Ruiz Raidith
Published: April 2022

La educación superior universitaria acoge nuevas tendencias de la virtualidad, siendo la incorporación de las tecnologías componentes indispensable del proceso de enseñanza. El curso de contabilidad básica I no es ajeno a ello, pues esta tendencia es adoptada en diferentes materias. Por ende, es pertinente conocer cuál es la percepción sobre la comprensión y satisfacción en los estudiantes. Se buscó identificar la relación entre la aplicación de las tecnologías del aprendizaje y el conocimiento, la comprensión y satisfacción de estudiantes universitarios en el curso de contabilidad básica I en una universidad pública peruana. Para ello, se empleó un estudio básico no experimental correlacional de corte transversal. La población muestral correspondió a 32 estudiantes de la carrera de administración, a quienes se aplicaron tres cuestionarios de encuesta. Entre los resultados se destaca que el 66% de los estudiantes catalogaron el uso de las TAC como inadecuado, 63% presentaron baja comprensión y 66% baja satisfacción. Se concluye que existe relación entre las tecnologías del aprendizaje y comunicación, la comprensión y satisfacción de los estudiantes; sin embargo, persiste la necesidad de fortalecer competencias digitales en la comunidad universitaria.
Proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje en tecnología y desempeño docente
Authors: Vela-Caro María Julia , Quintana-Cabrera Rony , Dextre-Mendoza Carlos Wylly
Published: April 2022

El desempeño docente es trascendente en los resultados de aprendizaje de estudiantes de Educación Superior Tecnológica, pues un gran número no se insertan laboralmente por las limitadas y poco pertinentes competencias adquiridas por sus docentes. El objetivo fue determinar la relación entre las variables Proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje en tecnología y Desempeño docente, en Institutos de Educación Superior Tecnológica Públicos (IESTP) de la región San Martín - Perú. Se realizó una investigación descriptiva, transversal, correlacional, con una muestra de 46 docentes de dos IESTP, aplicándose las Fichas de análisis documental y de observación. Los resultados concluyeron que existe relación significativa entre las variables de estudio. Además, se estableció que no existe relación significativa entre formulación de planes de estudio y desempeño docente; existe correlación positiva alta entre planificación y organización con el desempeño docente y, entre este y la facilitación; finalmente, existe correlación positiva moderada entre evaluación y desempeño docente
Efecto de la presión antrópica sobre tres estratos vegetales y su impacto en la diversidad y distribución de avifauna en la ZOCRE Morro de Calzada , Perú
Authors: Gallardo-Vásquez José , Casas-Luna Santiago
Published: April 2022

La pérdida de hábitat provocada por las actividades humanas causa la disminución de la biodiversidad y la extinción de las especies; uno de los ambientes más afectados son los bosques nativos o primarios. Este artículo buscó determinar la diversidad de avifauna presente en tres estratos vegetales y analizar su grado de impacto y variabilidad respecto a la presión antropogénica. La investigación se efectuó en dos zonas aledañas a la zona de conservación y recuperación Morro de Calzada y el interior del área. Los muestreos de aves se realizaron entre junio 2018 y febrero del 2019, con evaluaciones mensuales en cada transecto instalado. Los resultados evidencian que a nivel de estructura vegetal en el bosque primario la riqueza ascendió a 180 especies, en los bosques secundarios solo 66 especies de aves y en el área de cultivo solo 49 especies. Porcentualmente se obtuvo que más del 70% de especies de aves existentes en áreas de cultivo en comparación del bosque primario se encuentra ausente y/o está desaparecida. Asimismo, un importante porcentaje de especies de aves se han desplazado hacia la foresta primaria por lo que se puede atribuir que si no existiese esta área de conservación la riqueza de flora y fauna habría disminuido exponencialmente. Se concluye que, para la mayoría de las aves, la heterogeneidad encontrada según los índices de diversidad favorece su presencia en hábitats menos alterados
Relación del proceso de sedimentación de sólidos totales del agua residual y el estado de las redes de alcantarillado pluvial, Moyobamba
Authors: Quispe-Burga Bany Luz , Azabache-Liza Yrwin Franciso
Published: April 2022

Las condiciones de las alcantarillas pluviales dentro de las ciudades, son precarias y mal utilizadas por diversos factores relacionadas a los sólidos. El objetivo fue evaluar la sedimentación en relación al estado de las redes de alcantarillado pluvial. Utilizamos el método de aforo con flotador y el gravimétrico, usando el cono imhoff. El caudal mínimo fue 0,087m3/s en época de estiaje y el máximo es 2,42m3/s; así mismo la menor cantidad de solidos sedimentables es 0,12 mg/L*h y mayor fue 1,33 mg/L*h, considerando como mayor cantidad las arenas 86,54 %. Concluimos que la calidad de la alcantarilla es mala y el nivel de corrosión es alto; los principales problemas relacionados a la sedimentación en la red de alcantarillado son por la presencia de residuos sólidos. Verificamos que la sedimentación está en relación con el estado de las redes de alcantarillado por lo que debemos controlar la cantidad de residuos vertidos a la alcantarilla y mejorar la infraestructura.
DACTILOPINTURA PARA EL DESARROLLO DE LA MOTRICIDAD FINA EN NIÑOS DE 4 A 5 AÑOS
Authors: Loor Castro Juana Beatriz
Published: April 2022

El presente trabajo, tuvo como objetivo principal analizar la influencia de la dactilopintura, para el desarrollo de la motricidad fina en los niños y niñas de 4 a 5 años de la Unidad Educativa Dr. Andrés F. Córdova de la ciudad de La Concordia, provincia Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas; donde se se observó el poco interés de incorporar la técnica de la dactilopintura en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, lo cual disminuye la posibilidad de desarrollar la motricidad fina en los infantes con actividades innovadoras. Mediante una investigación bibliográfica se identificaron los beneficios de la dactilopintura. Con el enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo, aplicando el método analítico-sintético se trabajó con la aplicación de las técnicas de la entrevista y la encuesta aplicada a una muestra probabilística aleatoria de docentes y estudiantes de la institución, determinando la importancia de incorporar una guía didáctica sobre esta técnica dando al docente la posibilidad de mejorar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje con actividades innovadoras. Los resultados demostraron que el conocimiento sobre los beneficios de la dactilopintura de los padres de familia dio como derivación que apenas el 48% de los padres de familia conoce los beneficios que el niño tiene al momento de pintar con sus dedos y manos por lo que los infantes presentan un desarrollo motriz con leves dificultades considerando que las clases en la actualidad, debido a la pandemia del Covid 19 son en modalidad virtual y se puede interpretar que las estrategias pedagógicas aplicadas por los docentes para estimular el ámbito motriz fino se basan en la ejecución de las técnicas didácticas con materiales como las témperas, que enriquecen la creatividad y fomentan la coordinación óculo-manual de los niños.
Development and application of a supervised pattern recognition algorithm for identification of fuel-specific emissions profiles
Authors: Stamatis Christos , Barsanti Kelley Claire
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Wildfires have increased in frequency and intensity in the western United States (US) over the past decades, with negative consequences for air quality. Wildfires emit large quantities of particles and gases that serve as air pollutants and their precursors, and can lead to severe air quality conditions over large spatial and long temporal scales. Therefore, characterization of the chemical constituents in smoke as a function of combustion conditions, fuel type and fuel component is an important step towards improving the prediction of air quality effects from fires and evaluating mitigation strategies. Building on the comprehensive characterization of gaseous non-methane organic compounds (NMOCs) identified in laboratory and field studies, a supervised pattern recognition algorithm was developed that successfully identified unique chemical speciation profiles among similar fuel types common in western coniferous forests. The algorithm was developed using laboratory data from single fuel species and tested on simplified synthetic fuel mixtures. The fuel types in the synthetic mixtures were differentiated, but as the relative mixing proportions became more similar, the differentiation became poorer. Using the results from the pattern recognition algorithm, a classification model based on linear discriminant analysis was trained to differentiate smoke samples based on the contribution(s) of dominant fuel type(s). The classification model was applied to field data and, despite the complexity of the contributing fuels and the presence of fuels “unknown” to the classifier, the dominant sources/fuel types were identified. The pattern recognition and classification algorithms are a promising approach for identifying the types of fuels contributing to smoke samples and facilitating the selection of appropriate chemical speciation profiles for predictive air quality modeling using a highly reduced suite of measured NMOCs. The utility and performance of the pattern recognition and classification algorithms can be improved by expanding the training and test sets to include data from a broader range of single and mixed fuel types.
Considerations for improving data quality of thermo-hygrometer sensors on board unmanned aerial systems for planetary boundary layer research
Authors: Segales Antonio R. , Chilson Phillip B. , Salazar-Cerreño Jorge L.
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Small unmanned aerial systems (UASs) are becoming a good candidate technology for solving the observational gap in the planetary boundary layer (PBL). Additionally, the rapid miniaturization of thermodynamic sensors over the past years has allowed for more seamless integration with small UASs and more simple system characterization procedures. However, given that the UAS alters its immediate surrounding air to stay aloft by nature, such integration can introduce several sources of bias and uncertainties to the measurements if not properly accounted for. If weather forecast models were to use UAS measurements, then these errors could significantly impact numerical predictions and hence influence the weather forecasters' situational awareness and their ability to issue warnings. Therefore, some considerations for sensor placement are presented in this study, as well as flight patterns and strategies to minimize the effects of UAS on the weather sensors. Moreover, advanced modeling techniques and signal processing algorithms are investigated to compensate for slow sensor dynamics. For this study, dynamic models were developed to characterize and assess the transient response of commonly used temperature and humidity sensors. Consequently, an inverse dynamic model processing (IDMP) algorithm that enhances signal restoration is presented and demonstrated on simulated data. This study also provides contributions on model stability analysis necessary for proper parameter tuning of the sensor measurement correction method. A few real case studies are discussed where the application and results of the IDMP through strong thermodynamic gradients of the PBL are shown. The conclusions of this study provide information regarding the effectiveness of the overall process of mitigating undesired distortions in the data sampled with a UAS to help increase the data quality and reliability.
Species richness and functional attributes of fish assemblages across a large-scale salinity gradient in shallow coastal areas
Authors: Koehler Birgit , Erlandsson Mårten , Karlsson Martin , Bergström Lena
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Coastal ecosystems are biologically productive, and their diversity
underlies various ecosystem services to humans. However, large-scale species
richness (SR) and its regulating factors remain uncertain for many organism
groups, owing not least to the fact that observed SR (SRobs) depends on
sample size and inventory completeness (IC). We estimated changes in SR
across a natural geographical gradient using statistical rarefaction and
extrapolation methods, based on a large fish species incidence dataset
compiled for shallow coastal areas (<30 m depth) from Swedish fish
survey databases. The data covered a ca. 1300 km north–south distance and a
12-fold salinity gradient along sub-basins of the Baltic Sea plus the Skagerrak
and, depending on the sub-basin, 4 to 47 years of samplings during 1975–2021.
Total fish SRobs was 144, and the observed fish species were of 74 %
marine and 26 % freshwater origin. In the 10 sub-basins with sufficient
data for further analysis, IC ranged from 77 % to 98 %, implying that ca.
2 %–23 % of likely existing fish species had remained undetected. Sample
coverage exceeded 98.5 %, suggesting that undetected species represented
<1.5 % of incidences across the sub-basins, i.e. highly rare
species. To compare sub-basins, we calculated standardized SR (SRstd)
and estimated SR (SRest). Sub-basin-specific SRest varied between
35 ± 7 (SE) and 109 ± 6 fish species, being ca. 3 times
higher in the most saline (salinity 29–32) compared to the least saline
sub-basins (salinity < 3). Analysis of functional attributes showed
that differences with decreasing salinity particularly reflected a
decreasing SR of benthic and demersal fish, of piscivores and invertivores,
and of marine migratory species. We conclude that, if climate change
continues causing an upper-layer freshening of the Baltic Sea, this may
influence the SR, community composition and functional characteristics of
fish, which in turn may affect ecosystem processes such as benthic–pelagic
coupling and connectivity between coastal and open-sea areas.
Performance of the flood warning system in Germany in July 2021 – insights from affected residents
Authors: Thieken Annegret H. , Bubeck Philip , Heidenreich Anna , von Keyserlingk Jennifer , Dillenardt Lisa , Otto Antje
Published: April 2022

Abstract. In July 2021 intense rainfall caused devastating floods in Western Europe and 184 fatalities in the German federal states of North Rhine-Westphalia (NW) and Rhineland-Palatinate (RP) questioning their flood forecasting, warning and response system (FFWRS). Data from an online survey (n = 1315) reveal that 35 % of the respondents from NW and 29 % from RP did not receive any warning. Of those who were warned 85 % did not expect a very severe flooding and 46 % did not know what to do. Regression analysis reveals that this knowledge is influenced by gender and flood experience, but also by the contents and the source of the warning message. The results are complemented by analyses of media reports and official warnings that show shortcomings in providing adequate recommendations to people at risk. Dissemination of warnings, communication of the expected flood magnitude and adequate responses are seen as entry points for improving the FFWRS in Germany.
Governing Change: A Dynamical Systems Approach to Understanding the Stability of Environmental Governance
Authors: Molla Nusrat , DeIonno John , Gross Thilo , Herman Jonathan
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The ability to adapt to social and environmental change is an increasingly critical feature of environmental governance. Yet, an understanding of how specific features of governance systems influence how they respond to change is still limited. Here we focus on how system features like diversity, heterogeneity and connectedness impact stability, which indicates the system’s capacity to recover from perturbations. Through a framework that combines agent-based modeling with "generalized" dynamical systems modeling, we model the stability of thousands of governance structures consisting of groups of resource users and non-government organizations interacting strategically with the decision centers that mediate their access to a shared resource. Stabilizing factors include greater effort dedicated to venue shopping, and a greater fraction of non-government organizations in the system. Destabilizing factors include greater heterogeneity among actors, a greater diversity of decision centers, and greater interdependence between actors. The results suggest that while complexity tends to be destabilizing, there are mitigating factors that may help balance adaptivity and stability in complex governance. This study demonstrates the potential in applying the insights of complex systems theory to managing complex and highly uncertain human-natural systems in the face of rapid social and environmental change.
First implementation of a new cross-disciplinary observation strategy for heavy precipitation events from formation to flooding
Authors: Wieser Andreas , Güntner Andreas , Dietrich Peter , Handwerker Jan , Khordakova Dina , Ködel Uta , Kohler Martin , Mollenhauer Hannes , Mühr Bernhard , Nixdorf Erik , Reich Marvin , Rolf Christian , Schrön Martin , Schütze Claudia , Weber Ute
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Heavy Precipitation Events (HPE) are the result of enormous quantities of water vapour being transported to a limited area. HPE rainfall rates and volumes cannot not be fully stored on and below the land surface, often leading to floods with short forecast lead times that may cause damage to humans, properties, and infrastructure. Towards an improved scientific understanding of the entire process chain from HPE formation to flooding at the catchment scale, we propose an elaborated event-triggered observation concept. It combines flexible mobile observing systems out of the fields of meteorology, hydrology and geophysics with stationary networks to capture atmospheric transport processes, heterogeneous precipitation patterns, land surface and subsurface storage processes, and runoff dynamics. As part of the Helmholtz Research Infrastructure MOSES (Modular Observation Solutions for Earth Systems), the added value of our observation strategy is exemplarily shown by its first implementation in the Mueglitz river basin (210 km2), a headwater catchment of the Elbe in the Eastern Ore Mountains with historical and recent extreme flood events. Punctual radiosonde observations combined with continuous microwave radiometer measurements and back trajectory calculations deliver information about the moisture sources, initiation and development of HPE X-Band radar observations calibrated by ground based disdrometers and rain gauges deliver precipitation information with high spatial resolution. Runoff measurements in small sub-catchments complement the discharge times series of the operational network of gauging stations. Closing the catchment water balance at the HPE scale, however, is still challenging. While evapotranspiration is of less importance when studying short term convective HPE, information on the spatial distribution and on temporal variations of soil moisture and total water storage by stationary and roving cosmic ray measurements and by hybrid terrestrial gravimetry offer prospects for improved quantification of the storage term of the water balance equation. Overall, the cross-disciplinary observation strategy presented here opens up new ways towards an integrative and scale-bridging understanding of event dynamics.
Politik Implementasi Program Bantuan Stimulan Perumahan Swadaya (BSPS) sebagai Inovasi di Desa Jelutung II Kecamatan Simpang Rimba Tahun 2020
Authors: Renia Renia , Rahman Bustami , Sarpin Sarpin
Published: April 2022

Implementasi merupakan suatu aktivitas, aksi dan tindakan. Namun, implementasi bukan hanya sekedar aktivitas biasa, melainkan pelaksanaan kegiatan yang terencana untuk mencapai suatu tujuan yang ditetapkan. Akan tetapi implementasi suatu program tidak dapat direalisasikan dengan mudah. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang menjadi bahan pertimbangan untuk keberhasilan dari implementasi tersebut. Semakin banyak faktor-faktor tersebut diabaikan, maka semakin sulit untuk mencapai tujuan dari kebijakan tersebut. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui politik implementasi program bantuan stimulan perumahan swadaya (BSPS) dan menganalisis faktor pendukung serta penghambat implementasi program BSPS di Desa Jelutung II. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori implementasi kebijakan dari Merilee S. Grindle sebagai landasan dasar penelitian. Terkait konsep implementasi kebijakan tersebut terdapat dua variabel besar yakni, yang pertama isi kebijakan yang terdapat enam indikator lainnya yaitu; kepentingan kelompok sasaran (target group), jenis dan manfaat yang diterima oleh target group, derajat perubahan yang diinginkan, letak sebuah program, pelaksanaan program atau implementor dan sumber daya. Kemudian yang kedua berdasarkan lingkungan kebijakan terdapat tiga indikator lainnya yaitu: a)  kekuasaan, kepentingan, dan strategi aktor yang terlibat. b) karakteristik lembaga dan penguasa c) kepatuhan dan daya tanggap. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan sumber data primer yang berasal dari wawancara tidak terstruktur dengan 19 informan. Para informan tersebut terdiri dari 2 perangkat desa bagian kasi pelayanan yang bertanggung jawab dalam program BSPS di Desa Jelutung II, 1 orang TFL BSPS Desa Jelutung II, 9 orang penerima program BSPS dan 9 orang non penerima program BSPS. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa implementasi program Bantuan Stimulan Perumahan Swadaya (BSPS) di Desa Jelutung II Kecamatan Simpang Rimba sudah terimplementasi walaupun berjalan kurang efektif. Berdasarkan dari beberapa faktor-faktor implementasi kebijakan menurut Grindle terdapat beberapa yang kurang efektif dalam pelaksanaan kebijakan program BSPS di Desa Jelutung II. Hal tersebut terlihat dari pada saat penentuan calon penerima bantuan masih terdapat penerima yang kurang tepat serta adanya keterlambatan barang bangunan dan keterbatasan dari anggaran yang ada dari penerima bantuan. Faktor pendukung dari program BSPS di Desa Jelutung II yaitu, kualitas bahan bangunan yang bagus. Adapun faktor penghambatnya ialah cuaca, ketersedian tukang bangunan dan keterlambatan bahan bangunan.
The Operating and Financial Review: Some Evidence on Its Implementation in Irish Published Accounts
Authors: Kirk Robert
Published: April 2022

The Operating and Financial Review (OFR) was published in July 1993 as a first attempt by the Accounting Standards Board to introduce some form of regulation and structure into the presentation of the narrative content contained at the front of the Annual Report. It was introduced initially as a voluntary document and this paper sets out to examine the extent to which it has been complied with in Ireland in its first year of operation.

The paper sets out a classification scheme developed to measure and analyse the increase in volume of OFR disclosures as a surrogate for improved quality. It concludes by acknowledging that the volume of disclosure has increased in relation to the information provided in the Financial Review, though this has been fairly minimal. Very little additional information has, however, been provided in the Operating Review. There are exceptions but these are almost exclusively provided by companies which have adopted a policy of providing a stand-alone document for the Operating and Financial Review rather than including the information as part of the Chairman’s Statement/Chief Executive’s Review.
Initiatives on the Expectations Gap in Canada and the United States
Authors: Maingot Michael
Published: April 2022

This paper examines how Canada and the United States have responded to the ‘expectations gap’. The McDonald Commission of Canada made a number of recommendations. These include efforts to strengthen the auditor’s independence and the auditor’s professionalism, extended and improved financial disclosure, and lessening of the public misunderstanding of what auditors do. The United States identified a number of areas as major expectations gap concerns. These include early warning of business failure, the duty of the auditor to detect and report fraud, and improved communication of audit results to users of financial reports.
Irish Practitioners’ Perceptions on Limiting Auditors’ Liability and the Expectations Gap
Authors: Green Peter , Granleese Jacqueline
Published: April 2022

The objective of this study is to investigate whether Irish practitioners’ views on the limitation of auditors’ liability and the exectations gap are motivated purely by self-interest. The empirical evidence presented is based upon 104 responses to a questionnaire survey. The results of the survey support the contention that Irish practitioners consider the needs of audit users. It is not possible, however, to determine whether the consideration of users’ needs is a contraint on pursuing self-interest or whether it derives from an underlying ethical aspect of professionalism, that is, the tradition of a professional having a fundamental and unavoidable responsibility for his or her actions.
Qualitative Research Into the Effects of a Changing Organisation Structure at One Irish Company
Authors: Tyther Anne
Published: April 2022

The effects of change in organisation structure at one district of an Irish company is examined. Senior and middle managers were strongly in favour of the restructuring because there were significant improvements in achievement of district and local area targets. Lower level managers were less satisfied with restructuring because of a greater level of both responsibility and accountability experienced by those managers. The company changed from a functional structure to a structure based on geographical areas within districts. A system of strict demarcation of tasks was changed to operating on the basis of multi-skilled teams.
Spider Monkey Optimization (SMO) algorithm based Innovative strategy for strengthening of Reliability Indicators of Radial Electrical System
Authors: Tiwary Aditya , S. Mandloi R.
Published: April 2022

Reliability computation of a complex system is essential. A lot of research has been reported in literature for reliability improvement considering different issues. In view of above, method is shown for supreme modifications of indices of engineering structure. Engineering system considered is power system. Spider Monkey Optimization algorithm has been used for optimization of the objective function. A comparative analysis has been shown between the results obtained by Spider Monkey Optimization (SMO) algorithm and that of SL-PSO.
A Graphical Approach for Image Retrieval Based on Five Layered CNNs Model
Authors: Khalid Imam Rahmani Mohammad
Published: April 2022

Image processing is an important field in the computer vision domain. A lot of work has been done for the processing of image data in various fieldslike science and technology, defense, medical, space science for satellite imagery analysis, seismology, traffic control, crime control,publishing, and other emerging research areas.There are different levels of complexities for the accurate retrieval of images as most of the images are affected by different kinds of noise and other factors. In this proposed work, I have performed the work of image retrieval using two methods: firstly, processing for denoising and filtering of the dataset of images taking density parameter 0.7 and adaptive gamma parameter constant value 0.5. The obtained images are then processed by Convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The 5-layer convolutional neural network has been used for the best features extraction and then the algorithm is finally optimized using GA (Genetic Algorithm). In my work I have used 5*5 fold convolutional layers and compared the results with the previous approach Deep Convolutional neural network (DCNN). Finally, the Genetic Algorithm is implemented to obtain the best-optimized value. The proposed work is validated with a graphical-based approach using the mathematical results in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), mean-squared error (MSE), and the processing time of the algorithm. The result parameters of the proposed algorithm clearly show better performance as compared to the previous approach.
DocVSP (Docking-based Virtual Screening Perl-script) for automating and integrating AutoDock & SBDD
Authors: Chauhan Shivam , Srivastava Mani , Singh Jaikee
Published: April 2022

Molecular-docking-based virtual screening is a significant tool in investigation ligand-receptor relatedness and recognizes possible drug candidates in drug discovery. In Silico method of drug discovery screen of millions compound in a reasonable time with appropriate scoring function is a challenge. A widely used docking program is AutoDock but some practical difficulties arise, while other hand reasonable time also other technical challenge to screen of millions of compounds. So, to meet this, we use high performance computing platforms and techniques. We have developed a fully automated Perl script to perform all the step of structure base drug designing (SBDD) in such a way to overcome the limitations of AutoDock while performing virtual screening, a clear advantage over AutoDock and single-stop platform for all protocol of SBDD. The docking tool and Perl script executes in alongside on a Linux system. Furthermore, the docking period is totally automated & combined with a Linux system for simultaneously computing, the consequence can be evoked and extracted. This method separates many complication and collective troubles related with virtual screening, and come up with a clear advantage and well organized outcome for AutoDock users on a Linux assemble programme.