bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Empirical Study on the Relationship between Stock Price Information and Enterprise Innovation Management Based on Information Learning Mechanism
Authors: Bai Min
Published: May 2022

The capital market economy had created a good environment for the development of enterprises, and innovation had brought great impetus to the sustainable development of enterprises. However, the research on the relationship between stock market and enterprise innovation was not deep enough. Therefore, this paper proposed an empirical study on the relationship between stock price information and enterprise innovation management based on information learning mechanism, in order to provide reference for enterprise innovation and development. Firstly, taking the A-share listed enterprises from 2005 to 2020 as the research sample, this paper analyzed the factors that may affect the innovation behavior of enterprises, such as enterprise stock price information, peer stock price information, and IPO, and put forward relevant assumptions. Secondly, according to various factors that restrict the innovation behavior of enterprises, this paper defined relevant indicators to reflect the change law of enterprise stock price information, peer stock price information, and IPO and described the restrictive relationship between exploratory innovation and developmental innovation with different influencing factors by constructing a correlation regression model. Finally, through empirical analysis, the results show that exploratory innovation and developmental innovation are not affected by the enterprise’s own stock price information, but with the increase of peer stock price information, enterprise exploratory innovation becomes more sensitive to peer stock price information. Although the share price information of peers has no significant impact on enterprise development and innovation, after IPO, enterprises are more sensitive to the share price information of peers in exploratory innovation and developmental innovation. However, with the passage of time, the impact of peer stock price information on enterprise developmental innovation is gradually weakened.
Mechanical Properties of Arecanut and GFR Hybrid Polypropylene Composites
Authors: Rao Yarrapragada K. S. S. , Ahmad Ayaz , Battula Sudheer Kumar , Alharbi Reem Mohammed , Abdel-Raouf Neveen , Ibraheem Ibraheem Borie M. , Sholkamy Essam Nageh , Bala B. M. , Jenish I.
Published: May 2022

The mechanical characteristics of hybrid polypropylene composites may be enhanced by adjusting the fibre loading and ratio, according to this study. The hot press technique was utilised to generate a variety of composites with four different amounts of fibre loading. In addition, the fibre ratio in composites with a 20-weight-percent fibre loading was changed. The composites were characterised using Fourier transform infrared analysis as well as tensile, flexural, and hardness tests. In the composites that have been created, Fourier transform infrared examination showed that hemicelluloses, lignins, and moisture were present, all of which have the potential to reduce tensile strength. Fibre loading resulted in a decrease in tensile strength but an increase in Young’s modulus. With increasing fibre loading, flexural modulus and hardness rose, whereas flexural strength declined. The best mechanical qualities were found in a composite made primarily of arecanut and glass fibres, with a weight ratio of 1 : 3.
Quartic Functional Equation: Ulam‐Type Stability in (β, p)‐Banach Space and Non‐Archimedean β‐Normed Space
Authors: Sharma Ravinder Kumar , Chandok Sumit
Published: May 2022

In this study, we use the alternative fixed‐point approach and the direct method to examine the generalized Hyers–Ulam stability of the quartic functional equation  g(u + mv) + g(u − mv) = 2(m − 1)(7m − 9)g(u) + 2(m2 − 1)m2g(v) − (m − 1)2g(2u) + m2{g(u + v) + g(u − v)}, with a fixed positive integer m/ge2 in the context of (β, p)‐Banach space. In non‐Archimedean β‐normed space, we also verify Hyers–Ulam stability for the quartic functional equation stated. Many of the findings in the literature are improved and generalized by our findings.
Molecular Pathways and Mechanisms of LAG3 in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Andrews Lawrence P. , Cillo Anthony R. , Karapetyan Lilit , Kirkwood John M. , Workman Creg J. , Vignali Dario A.A.
Published: May 2022

Immunotherapy targeting coinhibitory receptors has been highly successful in treating a wide variety of malignancies; however, only a subset of patients exhibits durable responses. The first FDA-approved immunotherapeutics targeting coinhibitory receptors PD1 and CTLA4, alone or in combination, significantly improved survival but were also accompanied by substantial toxicity in combination. The third FDA-approved immune checkpoint inhibitor targets LAG3, a coinhibitory receptor expressed on activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, especially in settings of long-term antigenic stimulation, such as chronic viral infection or cancer. Mechanistically, LAG3 expression limits both the expansion of activated T cells and the size of the memory pool, suggesting that LAG3 may be a promising target for immunotherapy. Importantly, the mechanism(s) by which LAG3 contributes to CD8+ T-cell exhaustion may be distinct from those governed by PD1, indicating that the combination of anti-LAG3 and anti-PD1 may synergistically enhance antitumor immunity. Clinical studies evaluating the role of anti-LAG3 in combination with anti-PD1 are underway, and recent phase III trial results in metastatic melanoma demonstrate both the efficacy and safety of this combination. Further ongoing clinical trials are evaluating this combination across multiple tumor types and the adjuvant setting, with accompanying translational and biomarker-focused studies designed to elucidate the molecular pathways that lead to improved antitumor T-cell responses following dual blockade of PD1 and LAG3. Overall, LAG3 plays an important role in limiting T-cell activation and has now become part of the repertoire of combinatorial immunotherapeutics available for the treatment of metastatic melanoma.
Whole-Exome Sequencing Targeting a Gene Panel for Sensorineural Hearing Loss: The First Portuguese Cohort Study
Authors: Reis Cláudia Sousa , Quental Sofia , Fernandes Susana , Castedo Sérgio , Moura Carla Pinto
Published: May 2022

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies revolutionized the molecular diagnosis of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and are now a standard of care. In this study, 71 Portuguese probands with hereditary SNHL were assessed by whole-exome sequencing (WES) targeting a panel of 158 genes related to SNHL, aiming to evaluate the diagnostic yield of this methodological approach and to report the spectrum of variants. Patients with either nonsyndromic or syndromic SNHL were included. Also, patients were previously screened for variants in the GJB2 gene and for duplications/deletions in the GJB6 gene. Causative variants in 11 different genes were identified in 15 (21.1%) out of 71 probands, 5 of which had associated syndromes. In 6 other patients (8.5%), presumptive causative variants were identified in MYO15A, TMIE, TBC1D24, SPMX, GJB3, PCDH15, and CDH23 genes, uncovering a potential case of digenic Usher syndrome. The study was inconclusive in 20 probands (28.2%), in 19 due to lack of segregation analysis and in one due to uncertain phenotype-genotype matching. In the remaining 30 patients (42.3%) no potentially causative variants were identified. The diagnostic yield did not significantly vary according to the age of hearing-impairment onset. As the first study on the application of NGS technologies in SNHL based on a Portuguese cohort, our results may contribute to characterize the spectrum of variants related to SNHL in the Portuguese population. Additionally, the present study provides new insights into the contribution of MYO3A, TECTA, EDNRB, TBC1D24, and GJB3 genes to SNHL. For the significant number of undiagnosed patients, reanalysis of WES data – either for a broader gene panel or in a non-targeted approach – may be considered.
Post-chemotherapy Gastric Obstruction in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Endoscopic Dilation Can Fix It!
Authors: Ben Abdallah Khalaf , Ben Mohamed Asma , Yacoubi Manel , Khsiba Amal , Dougaz Amel , Chelbi Emna , Hamzaoui Lamine
Published: May 2022

Treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is based on immunochemotherapy with overall good outcomes. Complications related to the treatment or the disease itself can occur during follow-up. We herein report a case of a 37-year-old male who was diagnosed with stage IV gastric DLBCL. Subsequently, he underwent R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin, oncovin, and prednisone) chemotherapy. After six cycles of treatment, complete remission has been achieved. But afterwards, the patient presented with a symptomatic gastric obstruction related to a tight stenosis in the antro-fundic junction. Endoscopic dilation was performed and multiple macrobiopsies within the stenosis were taken. Pathological examination concluded to the fibrous character of the stricture. In cases of post-chemotherapy obstruction in gastric DLBCL, endoscopic treatment should be attempted carefully in patients with no evidence of active lymphoma. Diagnosis of fibrosis can avoid surgery and its morbidity.
Association of Soluble Suppression of Tumorigenicity 2 with New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Chen Lei , Chen Wensu , Shao Yameng , Zhang Min , Li Zhi , Wang Zhirong , Lu Yuan
Published: May 2022

Background: The combination of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and atrial fibrillation (AF) is still a thorny problem in the clinic. At present, there are few reports on the role of soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) in AF after AMI. This study was to explore the predictive value of sST2 in patients with AMI for new-onset AF. Methods: This is a single-center retrospective clinical observation study. We continuously included AMI patients from September 2019 to November 2021. The concentration of sST2 in blood samples was determined. During admission, a suspicious heart rhythm was recorded by electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring, and new-onset AF was confirmed by immediate body surface ECG. Results: After multiple factors were included, age, right coronary artery, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, left ventricular ejection fraction, and sST2 were still risk factors for new-onset AF. The area under curve value of age and sST2 was more than 0.7, which showed good diagnostic value. For reevaluation, the sST2 was added to the clinical new-onset AF prediction model. It was found that the integrated discrimination improvement and net reclassification index in the model were improved significantly. Conclusion: sST2 is an independent predictor of new-onset AF in patients with AMI and can improve the accuracy of the AF risk model.
Gut Hormones Secretion across Clusters of Metabolic Syndrome in Prepubertal Children with Obesity
Authors: Giannini Cosimo , Polidori Nella , Neri Costanza Renata , D’Adamo Ebe , Chiarelli Francesco , Mohn Angelika
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) represents a common dysmetabolic state in children with obesity. Although data in youth show a role of gut hormones (GH) in the risk of developing MetS, no data are available during the prepubertal age, especially across clusters of MetS. Methods: We characterized components of MetS and changes in GH concentrations in 90 prepubertal children with obesity compared to 30 healthy age- and gender-matched peers. Children with obesity were divided into three groups according to the number of the components of MetS (group 1: 30 obese without components of MetS; group 2: 30 obese with 1 component of MetS; group 3: 30 obese with 2 or more components of MetS). Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure (BP), fasting insulin and glycemia, lipid profile, transaminases, and GH concentration were determined. Differences across the groups were evaluated by the Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc analysis by Mann-Whitney test. Results: Fasting glycemia and insulin, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, and BP progressively increased and high-density lipoprotein progressively decreased across the groups of children with obesity compared to controls, showing worse values in group 3. GLP-1 and ghrelin values progressively decreased and obestatin progressively increased. The more components of the MetS were present, the further GH concentrations deviated from standard values. Discussion and Conclusion: Components of MetS and GH concentrations are impaired in prepubertal children with obesity compared to controls. The close association between progressive alterations in GH levels and increasing number of components of the MetS might indicate a role of these hormones in the determination of metabolic risk.
Gilteritinib in Isolated Breast Relapse of FLT3 Positive Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Arrigo Giulia , D’Ardìa Stefano , Audisio Ernesta , Cerrano Marco , Freilone Roberto , Giai Valentina , Secreto Carolina , Urbino Irene , Frairia Chiara
Published: May 2022

Extramedullary relapse of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is not a rare event, and the FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutation is a well-known risk factor. Gilteritinib is approved for relapsed/refractory FLT3+ AML, but its efficacy in extramedullary relapse is still undefined. Here, we present the case of a 69-year-old woman with therapy-related nucleophosmin-1 and FLT3-internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) positive AML treated with induction and consolidation with CPX-351 (liposomal daunorubicin plus cytarabine) followed by off-label azacitidine maintenance who obtained a complete remission (CR) with persistent measurable residual disease. After 19 months of CR, she experienced an isolated breast relapse of FLT3-ITD+ AML. She was started on single-agent gilteritinib, resulting in a rapid and persistent complete regression of the breast nodule. Targeted therapy with gilteritinib for relapsed/refractory FLT3-ITD+ AML can be effective in isolated extramedullary relapse.
Prepubertal Idiopathic Unilateral Gynecomastia: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Herbert Saskia-Laureen , Ergezinger Katrin , Sauer Stephanie , Kurz Florian , Schlaiß Tanja , Wöckel Achim , Albert Ute-Susann
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Gynecomastia is a benign proliferation of the glandular tissue of the breast in males. Depending on the age, it can be considered a physiological condition. Prepubertal unilateral gynecomastia is a rare phenomenon. There are only a few case reports described through the last few years. Case Presentation: We report the clinical appearance and management of prepubertal idiopathic unilateral gynecomastia in a 9-year-old boy. We further include a literature review of 14 cases from 2011 to 2021. In contrast to pubertal gynecomastia, prepubertal gynecomastia and especially unilateral prepubertal gynecomastia are extremely rare conditions. Most cases remain idiopathic. Conclusion: Chromosomal and genetic testing, as well as oncological, endocrine diagnostic and tests for liver and kidney function should be performed. In case of idiopathic prepubertal gynecomastia, surgery is an important part of therapy since patients suffer from their atypical and rare phenotype.
O corpo da antropóloga e os desafios da experiência próxima
Authors: Nascimento Silvana de Souza
Published: May 2022

Este artigo oferece uma reflexão sobre a centralidade do corpo da antropóloga nas pesquisas de campo e sobre como esta centralidade afeta e produz a escrita etnográfica. Busca-se problematizar os sentidos e os efeitos da corporeidade para o fazer etnográfico e mostrar que a presença corporal e material das pesquisadoras em campo produzem lugares de fala específicos, que afetam os modos de ver, fazer, pensar e escrever antropologia. Por meio de uma certa perspectiva feminista, a intenção é refletir sobre o estado de corpo etnográfico, que se deixa marcar pela sua biografia, pelos contextos históricos, pelas escolhas teóricas e pelas interações nas experiências de campo, produzindo deslocamentos, diferenciações, exclusões, justaposições dos sentidos corpóreos da antropóloga, constantemente localizados na fronteira, entre-mundos.
Nonverbal Action Interpretation Guides Novel Word Disambiguation in 12-Month-Olds
Authors: Pomiechowska Barbara , Csibra Gergely
Published: May 2022

Whether young infants can exploit sociopragmatic information to interpret new words is a matter of debate. Based on findings and theories from the action interpretation literature, we hypothesized that 12-month-olds should distinguish communicative object-directed actions expressing reference from instrumental object-directed actions indicative of one’s goals, and selectively use the former to identify referents of novel linguistic expressions. This hypothesis was tested across four eye-tracking experiments. Infants watched pairs of unfamiliar objects, one of which was first targeted by either a communicative action (e.g., pointing) or an instrumental action (e.g., grasping) and then labeled with a novel word. As predicted, infants fast-mapped the novel words onto the targeted objects after pointing (Experiments 1 and 4) but not after grasping (Experiment 2) unless the grasping action was preceded by an ostensive signal (Experiment 3). Moreover, whenever infants mapped a novel word onto the object indicated by a communicative action, they tended to map a different novel word onto the distractor object, displaying a mutual exclusivity effect. This reliance on nonverbal action interpretation in the disambiguation of novel words indicates that sociopragmatic inferences about reference likely supplement associative and statistical learning mechanisms from the outset of word learning.
The emergence of graphene research topics through interactions within and beyond
Authors: Nguyen Ai Linh , Liu Wenyuan , Khor Khiam Aik , Nanetti Andrea , Cheong Siew Ann
Published: May 2022

Scientific research is an essential stage of the innovation process. However, it remains unclear how a scientific idea becomes applied knowledge and, after that, a commercial product. This paper describes a hypothesis of innovation based on the emergence of new research fields from more mature research fields after interactions between the latter. We focus on graphene, a rising field in materials science, as a case study. First, we used a coclustering method on titles and abstracts of graphene papers to organize them into four meaningful and robust topics (theory and experimental tests, synthesis and functionalization, sensors, and supercapacitors and electrocatalysts). We also demonstrated that they emerged in the order listed. We then tested all topics against the literature on nanotubes and batteries, and the possible parent fields of theory and experimental tests, as well as supercapacitors and electrocatalysts. We found incubation signatures for all topics in the nanotube papers collection and weaker incubation signatures for supercapacitors and electrocatalysts in the battery papers collection. Surprisingly, we found and confirmed that the 2004 breakthrough in graphene created a stir in both the nanotube and battery fields. Our findings open the door for a better understanding of how and why new research fields coalesce.
Spatio-temporal occurrence of different early life stages of Periophthalmus modestus in a tropical estuary
Authors: Ha Linh Manh , Nguyen Hai Hong , Ta Thuy Thi , Nguyen Huan Xuan , Tran Hau Duc
Published: May 2022

To elucidate the distribution pattern of Periophthalmus modestus, an amphibious fish, at its southernmost habitat, an investigation was conducted monthly at different locations along the Red River Delta area over two years. Spatially, planktonic larvae were caught abundantly at sampling sites along the Ba Lat Estuary and at a single site in the nearby mangroves close to the river’s main tributary. The benthic and amphibious juveniles were caught mainly in the mangroves. This finding suggests that P. modestus larvae may be transported up the river from the spawning ground by the tidal current and may use the main tributary of Ba Lat Estuary as a nursery habitat for the planktonic larval stage and expand their habitat to the mangrove along the estuary during the settling stages. Temporally, planktonic larvae occurred from February to July and peaked in May, suggesting that the main reproductive season of this fish in Vietnam is from February to July, which is earlier than in temperate areas. The abundance of larvae and juveniles of this species over time was positively correlated with water temperature. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) models based on size-class assemblages, months of sampling and samplings sites, together with an overlay of environmental vectors, revealed that water temperature was significantly correlated with fish size. Fish in the smaller size class tended to occur at lower temperatures, and fish in the larger size class tended to occur at higher temperatures. The distribution pattern of this species revealed in this study may partly contribute to its successful adaptation to circumstances in this tropical area.
Myxomycetes diversity in Adana Province (Turkey) with two new records
Authors: BABA HAYRİ , SEVİNDİK MUSTAFA
Published: May 2022

Samples were collected in Adana province during 2019–2021 and myxomycetes were cultured using the moist chamber technique. The samples consisted of rotten or live tree bark, leaves, rashes, vegetable, and animal material, which were considered likely to contain myxomycete spores. In adddition, natural myxomycete samples were collected at nine different stations. These ‘natural samples’ were immediately dried and potential spore-bearing material was kept in a warm and humid environment with the moist chamber technique. In total, 56 myxomycetes (205 samples; 148 by moist chamber technique and 57 ‘natural samples’) were obtained representing six orders, 12 families, 24 genera and 56 species. Eight species were collected only in natural samples, 35 species were obtained only by moist chamber technique in the laboratory, and 13 species were obtained by both methods. Two myxomycetes as new records (Licea rugosa and Physarum nivale) and one new locality (Cribraria lepida) were identified in Turkey
Seven new mitochondrial genomes of phytophagous scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and phylogenetic implications
Authors: LI YUJIE , NIE RUI-E , LU YUANYUAN , LEE SEUNGHYUN , ZHAO ZHENGYU , WU LING , SUN HONGYING , BAI MING
Published: May 2022

Among Scarabaeidae, the phytophagous scarab lineage including Melolonthinae, Cetoniinae, Dynastinae, and Rutelinae is considered important due to its members’ roles as agricultural pests or pollinators. In this study, the near-complete mitochondrial genomes of seven species from six genera in the phytophagous scarab lineage were newly sequenced: Anomala russiventris (Fairmaire, 1893); Apogonia cf. basalis (Moser, 1915); Apogonia splendida (Boheman, 1858); Coenochilus striatus (Westwood, 1874); Trichogomphus mongol (Arrow, 1908); Sophrops subrugatus (Moser, 1921) and Tetraserica leishanica (Liu, Bai, Yang & Ahrens, 2014). The complete mitochondrial genomes from the 6 species include 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and 1 control region, which have a highly conserved gene arrangement, except for Tr. mongol with the rearrangement of 2 tRNA genes (tRNA-Ile and tRNA-Gln), which is a potential identified subfamily-level character of Dynastinae. In order to test whether the mitogenomic data are suited for high-level phylogenetic inferences, the substitution saturation and heterogeneity were analyzed. The results showed no sign that the phylogenetic inferences were biased by substitution saturation or the low heterogeneity of the sequence composition for most pairwise comparisons between the sequences for the entire dataset (13 PCGs) and the amino acids dataset (13 PCGs_AA). Based on the combined data of 13 PCGs and 13 PCGs_AA from the mitogenomes of 37 taxa, the phylogeny of the phytophagous lineage was explored using RAxML and Bayesian methods. The results confirmed that Cetoniinae, Rutelinae, and Dynastinae are monophyletic, and that the latter two are sister groups. Melolonthinae is a paraphyletic group, and its tribes, Diplotaxini, Euchirini, Melolonthini, Rhizotrogini, and Sericini, are a monophyletic group. The subfamily rank of Dynastinae and the tribe rank of Anomalini and Adoretini are supported.
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2), Turmeric (Curcumin) Photosensitizers Mediated Photodynamic Therapy, and Er, Cr: YSGG on Microleakage of Class V Cavities Restored by Resin-Modified Glass-Ionomer Cement
Authors: Hameed Mohammad Shahul , Alkahtani Zuhair M. , Mannakandath Master Luqman , Ajmal Muhammed , Alshahrani Abdulaziz , Kamran Muhammad Abdullah
Published: May 2022

Purpose: The present study aimed to assess the effect of RF and CP intervened PDT and Er, Cr: YSGG laser on microleakage in class V RMGIC restorations in permanent teeth. Materials andMethods:In-vitroeighty standardized class V cavities (4×4×2) were prepared in extracted permanent molars based on ICDAS II (International Caries Detection and Assessment System II) caries severity code 0. All samples were arbitrarily alienated into four groups: Group 1, PDT mediated riboflavin photosensitizer (RF) [concentration of 150μg/mL]; Group 2, PDT with curcumin photosensitizer (CP) [concentration of 100μg/mL]; Group 3, Er, Cr: YSGG laser application; Group 4, control group: rinsed and dried dentin. Cavities were restored with conventional RMGIC. The specimens were immersed in 0.5% Fuchsine solution for 24 hrs. and sectioned. Microleakage scores were assessed under a microscope. Intergroup and intragroup comparisons were made at enamel and cementum margin respectively. Data were analyzed by non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test and Wilcoxon tests at the level of significance deemedp< 0.05.Results: Riboflavin and curcuminmediated PDT would produce a superior reduction (95% viz 90%) of microleakage as compared to Er, Cr: YSGG laser (85%), and no control groups. Cu-PDT observed the highest amount of microleakage with the least amount of microleakage in the control group.Conclusion: Riboflavin and curcumin photosensitizers mediated PDT and Er, Cr: YSGG laser has the potential to be utilized in class V cavities before RMGIC restorations at enamel margins without adversely affecting the marginal integrity.
Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs)-Exosomes Carrying MicroRNA-965 Attenuates Allogeneic Renal Transplant Rejection Through Regulation of Janus Kinase/Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 3 (JAK/STAT3)
Authors: Chen Fang , Zou Yang , Wang Jiansong , Huang Chuyang
Published: May 2022

This study intends to evaluate the potential effect of BMSC-derived exosomes (exo) on the rejection of allogeneic kidney transplantation in a rat model. BMSCs were cultured and their exos were collected for characterization, in which the expression of miR-965 was detected by PCR. Rats
received orthotopic kidney transplantation and treated with exos or PBS followed by analysis of serum creatinine and BUN, inflammatory cell infiltration, renal fibrosis and vascular wall fibrosis by immunohistochemistry staining, JAK2/STAT3 phosphorylation by Western-blot, the inflammatory
factor level by ELISA kit, and CD4+ cells differentiation by flow cytometry. miR-965 was enriched in BMSC-derived exo. Treatment with exo ameliorated the allograft rejection, improved renal function, and reduced the histological changes of kidney. In addition, exosomal treatment decreased
the level of serum inflammatory cytokines, and altered T cell subpopulations. Meanwhile, fibrosis and neointima formation was reduced as demonstrated by related protein expression and signaling pathways was inactivated in the presence of exos. In conclusion, the miR-965 derived from BMSC-exos
mitigated the renal allograft rejection through JAK/STAT3 signaling.
DHCR24 (24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase) Associated in Modulating Steroid Biosynthesis Pathway Regulates the Differentiation of Chicken Embryonic Stem Cells into Male Germ Cells
Authors: Jin Kai , Wang Yiling , Sun Changhua , Zuo Qisheng , Zhang Yani , Chen Guohong , Li Bichun
Published: May 2022

Spermatogonia stem cells (SSCs) have become one of the hotspots in modern life science research in the 21st century because of the broad application prospects in medicine, biology and animal breeding. Studies have shown that steroid biosynthesis signaling pathway is involved in the
multiple cell differentiation process, but the formation of SSCs is not clear. DHCR24 proved in our outcome that it play an important part in steroid biosynthesis. Without the absent of DHCR24, CYP7A1 and PTCH2 are not keeping the expression of downstream genes. It’s the downregulation
of the steroid biosynthesis pathway which lead to the decrement. What’s more, the steroid biosynthesis pathway could make it easy for the differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is proved by qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analysis. All things considered. The above
mentioned outcomes has lead to a model in which DHCR24 plays an important part in regulating ESCs differentiation by curing the activities of steroid hormones synthesis.
Influence of Co on the Microstructure, Electrochemical and Pseudocapacitive Properties of Amorphous Manganese Dioxide
Authors: Chang Hong , Zhao Fangxia , Zhang Zhenzhong , Sun Quan , Yang Hongfei
Published: May 2022

Manganese dioxide is a cathode material for zinc-ion batteries which is low in cost and high in performance, whereas, traditional manganese dioxide materials have poor cycle stability and poor conductivity. In response to this problem, many researchers have carried out related research,
such as the preparation of various crystal forms of manganese dioxide, element doping (Co, Sn, V, etc.) and so on. However, the research on doping amorphous materials to solve the above problems is in scarcity. In this paper, amorphous manganese oxide and Co doping were combined for the first
time, and Co-doped amorphous manganese dioxide was prepared by in-situ liquid phase dispersion coprecipitation method. The influence of Co doping on the microstructure and electrochemical properties of amorphous manganese dioxide were also investigated for the first time. As can be
observed from the results, despite that Co doping preserves the abundant structural defects in amorphous manganese dioxide, it transforms the amorphous manganese dioxide particles from spherical to nano-sheet shape, significantly increases the particular area of surface and pore size of amorphous
manganese dioxide, and stabilizes its crystal structure. Furthermore, Co doping can not only reduce the impedance of the amorphous manganese dioxide cathode, but also extremely boost the pseudocapacitive performance of amorphous manganese dioxide, thereby greatly improving its discharge specific
capacity, the rate performance and the cycle stability. The prepared Co-doped amorphous manganese dioxide cathode has a maximum discharge specific capacity of 325 mAh g−1, and a capacity retention rate of 64% at 600 cycles under a current density of 1 A g−1.
Determination of Metal Ions in Pinellia ternata by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet Detector
Authors: Meng Lifen , Lv Jingsong , Li Qianzhu , Tan Ye , Xia Zhi , Wu Haizhi
Published: May 2022

In this study, trace amounts of heavy metal ions copper, lead, mercury and cobalt in Pinellia ternata samples were detected by ionic liquid ultrasonic assisted dispersion liquid–liquid microextraction, combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detector.
The method used sodium diethyldithiocarbamate as complexing agent and phosphoric acid ionic liquid Trihexyl(tetradecyl) phosphine bis[(2,4,4-trimethyl)] amyl phosphonate (cyclophosphate IL104) as extractant. Methanol: 0.2% phosphoric acid (60:40) was used as mobile phase for separation and
UV detector was used for detection, the flow rate was 1 mL/min and the injection volume was 10 μL. In this paper, the effects of sample pH, complexing agent concentration, ultrasonic time, centrifugation time and speed and ionic strength were optimized. Under the optimal conditions
(50 μL ionic liquid cyclic phosphine IL104, pH = 5, 0.5% sodium diethyldithiocarbamate, ultrasonic time of 30 min, centrifugation speed of 4000 r/min, 0.1 g NaCl), the recovery of spiked standard was 89.0~98.2%. High performance liquid chromatography had the characteristics of low
detection limit, accurate and reliable determination results, high sensitivity, strong specificity and good reproducibility.
Study on Innovative Flexible Design Method for Thin Film Narrow Band-Pass Filters
Authors: Cui Zhichao , Hou Haigang , Hussain Shahid , Liu Guiwu , Qiao Guanjun
Published: May 2022

The thin film narrow band-pass filters are widely used in precision optical systems such as gas detection, fiber optic communication and optical analysis instruments due to their unique optical characteristics. However, as the applications become more widespread, the problems of regulating
the half bandwidth and cut-off bandwidth of the thin film narrow band-pass filters based on the Fabry-Perot (F-P) principle are becoming more apparent. In this work, we took the thin film narrow band-pass filter with a center wavelength of 450 nm as the design target, and comprehensively optimized
the film system based on standard F-P principle to obtain the film systems with different half bandwidths and their systematic adjustment methods. The half bandwidth can be adjusted effectively by using the conventional half bandwidth control methods such as increasing the interference orders
and the number of mirror layers or the cavities, but it is quite difficult to accurately obtain the filters with various half bandwidths since the adjustment range is too large. Based on the principle of equivalent refractive index, the optical thicknesses of the high and low refractive index
film layers of the mirror layers were modified in an unconventional way, and thus the half bandwidth can be flexibly adjusted. Moreover, the standard F-P narrow band-pass filter film system was also modified by the principle of induced transmission film system to achieve a significant broadening
of the cut-off bandwidth.
Research on Optical Fiber Composite Overhead Wire (OPGW) Lightning Monitoring Technology Based on Weak Fiber Bragg Grating Array
Authors: Feng Xuebin , Hou Jiyong , Yu Qiusheng , Li Xuan , Wu Jian , Liu Lei , Chen Weiqiang
Published: May 2022

Optical fiber composite overhead ground wire (OPGW), which consists of ground wire and communication function, has been widely used in transmission lines. Its running state is directly related to the security of power grid communication. In reality, the main environmental factors leading
to OPGW malfunction include icing, mountain fire, wind vibration, etc., especially lightning stroke. In this paper, an OPGW temperature monitoring method based on Weak Fiber Bragg Grating (WFBG) array is proposed. By monitoring the temperature change caused by lightning stroke, the lightning
stroke level identification and lightning stroke location are realized. The test results show that the minimum lightning discharge identification can reach to 9 C and the lightning location resolution is better than 0.1 m. Compared with other lightning temperature monitoring methods, lightning
grade identification and positioning accuracy can be improved by this method, and it has the advantages of high real-time FBG, which provides a new approach for lightning monitoring of OPGW.
Supergradient Winds in Simulated Tropical Cyclones
Authors: Rotunno Richard
Published: May 2022

In a previous paper a formula was derived for the maximum potential intensity of the tangential wind in a tropical cyclone called PI+. The formula, PI+2 = EPI2 + αrmwmηm, where EPI is the maximum potential intensity of the gradient wind and αrmwmηm represents the supergradient winds. The latter term is the product of the radius rm, the vertical velocity wm, the azimuthal vorticity ηm at the radius and height of the maximum tangential wind (rm, zm), and the (nearly constant) α. Examination of a series of simulations of idealized tropical cyclones indicate an increasing contribution from the supergradient-wind term to PI+ as the radius of maximum wind increases. In the present paper, the physical content of the supergradient-wind term is developed showing how it is directly related to tropical cyclone boundary layer dynamics. It is found that , where −umin is the maximum boundary layer radial inflow velocity and lυ(z) is the vertical mixing length.
Estimation of Random Error Statistics in High-Resolution Radiosondes, ERA-Interim, and COSMIC Radio Occultation Soundings in the Northeast Pacific Ocean during the MAGIC Campaign
Authors: Feng Xuelei , Anthes Richard , Sjoberg Jeremiah
Published: May 2022

Random errors (uncertainties) in COSMIC radio occultation (RO) soundings, ERA-Interim (ERAi) reanalyses, and high-resolution radiosondes (RS) are estimated in the northeast Pacific Ocean during the MAGIC campaign in 2012 and 2013 using the three-cornered hat method. Estimated refractivity and bending angle errors peak at ∼2 km, and have a secondary peak at ∼15 km. They are related to vertical and horizontal gradients of temperature and water vapor and associated atmospheric variability at these two levels. MAGIC RS refractivity and bending angles obtained from forward models have the largest uncertainties, followed by COSMIC RO soundings. ERAi has the smallest uncertainties. The large RS uncertainties can be primarily attributed to representativeness errors (differences). Differences in space and time of the RO and model datasets from the RS observations, error correlations among datasets, and the small sample size are other possible reasons contributing to these differences of estimated error statistics. RO temperature and humidity are retrieved from refractivity using a one-dimensional variational (1D-Var) method from the COSMIC Data Analysis and Archive Center (CDAAC). The estimated errors for COSMIC temperature are comparable to those of the MAGIC RS except near 1 km, where they are much higher. The estimated errors for COSMIC specific humidity are similar to the MAGIC specific humidity errors below ∼5 km and much smaller above this level. Estimates of COSMIC random errors based on ERAi, JRA-55, and MERRA-2 reanalyses in the same region, as well as comparison with estimates from other studies, support the reliability of our estimates.
The potential role of protease systems in hemophilic arthropathy
Authors: Hauw Wayne W. S. , Chia Joanne S. J. , Nandurkar Harshal H. , Sashindranath Maithili
Published: May 2022

Hemophilic arthropathy (HA) is characterized by joint damage following recurrent joint bleeds frequently observed in patients affected by the clotting disorder hemophilia. Joint bleeds or hemarthroses trigger inflammation in the synovial tissue, which promotes damage to the articular cartilage. The plasminogen activation system is integral to fibrinolysis, and the urokinase plasminogen activator, or uPA in particular, is strongly upregulated following hemarthroses. uPA is a serine protease that catalyzes the production of plasmin, a broad-spectrum protease that can degrade fibrin as well as proteins of the joint extracellular matrix and cartilage. Both uPA and plasmin are able to proteolytically generate active forms of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The MMPs are a family of >20 proteases that are secreted as inactive proenzymes and are activated extracellularly. MMPs are involved in the degradation of all types of collagen and proteoglycans that constitute the extracellular matrix, which provides structural support to articular cartilage. The MMPs have an established role in joint destruction following rheumatoid arthritis (RA). They degrade cartilage and bone, indirectly promoting angiogenesis. MMPs are also implicated in the pathology of osteoarthritis (OA), characterized by degradation of the cartilage matrix that precipitates joint damage and deformity. HA shares a number of overlapping pathological characteristics with RA and OA. Here we discuss how the plasminogen activation system and MMPs might exacerbate joint damage in HA, lending insight into novel possible therapeutic targets to reduce the comorbidity of hemophilia.
Sudden quadriparesis after non-overdose local anesthesia
Authors: Chen Wei-Chen , Chen Hsien-Yi , Weng Te-I. , Chen Chun-Kuei
Published: May 2022

Background

A well-known anesthetic, lidocaine is the most widely used local anesthetic. Local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) is a life-threatening event with common and prominent presentations of central nervous system (CNS) toxicity and cardiovascular toxicity. The most frequent and prominent early warning signs and symptoms of LAST are central nervous system symptoms. While rare, cases quadriparesis after the administration of lidocaine has been reported.

Case presentation

In this paper, we report a very rare case of quadriparesis after local anesthesia administration for vocal cord cyst-removal surgery, which dramatically improved after treatment. LAST can occur during various routes of lidocaine administration, such as local spray. A possible mechanism of our case could be the local diffusion of lidocaine to the spinal cord, which caused the symptoms to mimic anterior cord syndrome.

Conclusions

Our case presented a favorable outcome following the administration of intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) for non-over dose local anesthetic drug induced spinal cord inhibition symptoms. These findings highlight the need for further research on the use of ILE to reverse LAST and other adverse effects of local anesthetics.
Depressive symptoms and associated factor among public school teachers in Jimma town, Southwest, Ethiopia 2020: a multi-disciplinary, cross-sectional study
Authors: Bete Tilahun , Gemechu Kabtamu , Anbesaw Tamrat , Tarafa Hunde , Tadessa Jinenus
Published: May 2022

Background

Depression is a common mental disorder and the leading cause of disability globally. Depression has a significant impact on the quality of life, cognition, emotion, and daily functioning and leads individuals to 39% of suicide globally. Previous studies reported that the magnitude of depression is higher among teachers than in the general population. However, little is known in the case of Ethiopia. Therefore this study aimed to assess the magnitude of depressive symptoms and associated factors among public school teachers in Jimma town.

Methods

A facility-based cross-sectional study using was conducted a multistage random sampling technique. Depressive symptoms were assessed by using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress 21 items scale. The data were entered into Epi Data version 3.1 and analyzed using STATA V 14.2. Variables with p < 0.25 in the bi-variable logistic regression analysis were entered into a multivariable binary logistic regression to identify predictors. A statistically significant association was declared at a p-value < 0.05.

Result

The prevalence of depressive symptoms in this study was found to be 44.7% (95% CI: 40–49.3). Moderate and severe level of occupational stress (AOR; 2.63 CI; 1.32, 5.28 and AOR; 4.15 CI; 1.83, 9.45) respectively, having stress, (AOR; 2.40 CI; 1.48, 3.90), having Anxiety symptoms (AOR; 4.43 CI; 2.79, 7.06) and consumption of alcohol (AOR; 2.21 CI; 1.11, 4.37) were identified as a significant predictor for depressive symptoms.

Conclusion and recommendation

The study revealed that there is a high prevalence of depressive symptoms among participants. Moderate and severe levels of occupational stress, having stress, having anxiety, and consumption of alcohol were factors that are significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Therefore, giving awareness and routine screening of depressive symptoms among teachers is crucial in early detection and management.
Association between new-onset Parkinson’s disease and suicide risk in South Korea: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Jeong Sung Hoon , Hoon Kim Seung , Lee Doo Woong , Park Eun-Cheol , Jang Suk-Yong
Published: May 2022

Background

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an increasingly common neurodegenerative disease in an aging society. Whether PD is associated with an increased suicide risk is unclear. Thus, we investigated the effect of new-onset PD on suicide.

Methods

Using the National Health Insurance Service Senior Sample Cohort of South Korea, 17,143 incident PD patients and 17,143 risk set controls, matched by propensity score, were selected for follow-up. The incidence rate of suicide and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated based on a generalized linear model of the Poisson distribution. Effect sizes were expressed as hazard ratios (HRs) using the Cox proportional hazards model with a robust variance estimator that incorporated clustering within matched pairs.

Results

The incidence rate of suicide was 206.7 cases per 100,000 person-years (95% CI, 172.8–246.9) among the PD cohort. Compared to the matched controls, patients with PD were 2.64 times (HR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.31–5.30) more likely to commit suicide during the first 180 days of follow-up and 2.47 times (HR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.42–4.28) within the first 365 days of follow-up. During the entire follow-up period, patients with PD were 2.26 times more likely to commit suicide than were their matched controls (HR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.67–3.06).

Conclusion

Our findings indicated an increased risk of suicide in patients with new-onset PD, regardless of the period after diagnosis. Incorporating mental health care with social and environmental interventions into primary care and PD-specialized care can help reduce suicide risk in people with PD, improving suicide prevention, identification, and risk assessment.
Validation of nasal tracheal aspiration in children with lung disease
Authors: Andersen Louise Østergaard , Olesen Hanne Vebert , Spannow Anne Helene , Rubak Sune Leisgaard Mørck
Published: May 2022

Background

Nasal tracheal aspiration (NTA) is a frequently used diagnostic method to assess of infections in the lower airways. However, the validity of the method has not previously been compared to bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in non-intubated children with a lung disease. We hypothesised that NTA performed by health professionals using the nares vocal cord distance to be placed at the entrance of the trachea, will result in same finding of bacteria in the lower airways as the gold standard of BAL.

Methods

In a prospective study, 173 paired samples of NTA and BAL were obtained between June 2016 to August 2018. Samples were collected from all patients undergoing bronchoscopy with spontaneous breathing during general anaesthesia. This study compares the microbiological results from the cultures obtained by investigating complete concordance i.e. identical pathogenic bacteria and coherence i.e. absence or presence of pathogenic bacteria growth between NTA and BAL.

Results

Samples were collected in 164 patients, 158 children between 21 days and 18 years of age and six young adults still treated at the paediatric department. The overall similarity (complete agreement) was found in 49% [41–56], sensitivity was 35% [27–45], specificity was 66% [55–76], positive predictive value was 36% [27–46] and negative predictive value was 64% [54–64] concerning complete pathogenic bacteria concordance. If we only considered coherence growth of pathogenic bacteria, similarity was 71% [63–79], sensitivity was 74% [64–81], specificity was 66% [55–76], positive predictive value was 75% [65–82] and negative predictive value was 65% [54–75]. Patients with cystic fibrosis showed a similarity of 88% [73–95], a sensitivity of 92% [76–99], a specificity of 71% [36–95], a positive predictive value of 92% [76–99] and a negative predictive value of 71% [36–95] concerning coherence growth of pathogenic bacteria.

Conclusion

The study indicates that NTA compared to BAL as the gold standard is not clinically useful to assess positive findings of specific bacteria in the lower airway tract. Statistically significantly increased sensitivity and positive predictive value were found in cystic fibrosis patients concerning coherence growth. The clinical usage of NTA remains important as negative findings are of clinical value. However, BAL continues to be preferred as a significantly superior diagnostic tool.