bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-122: assessment of diagnostic significance in HDV infection
Authors: Khodjaeva M. E. , Khikmatullaeva A. S. , Ibadullaeva N. S. , Abdukadirova M. A. , Novak K. E. , Esaulenko E. V.
Published: April 2024

Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic significance of the relationship between the level of microRNA-122 expression and liver fibrosis during HDV infection.

Materials and methods. The expression of microRNA-122 was determined in 203 blood samples. Blood sampling was done from 53 patients with chronic viral hepatitis D, 49 patients with liver cirrhosis of HDV etiology, and 69 patients with newly diagnosed HBs antigenemia. The control group consisted of practically healthy individuals (n=32).

Results. In patients with negative RNA HDV levels, the level of microRNA-122 in the blood serum was significantly higher than in samples with positive RNA HDV levels (14.0±2.8 2^-ΔΔCt and 1.6±0.17 2^-ΔΔCt) (p ˂ 0.005). Meanwhile, in healthy individuals, the expression of microRNA-122 was statistically significantly lower – 1.3±0.03 2^-ΔΔCt (p ˂ 0.005). Undetectable levels of HDV RNA in the serum were accompanied by a high HBV viral load and a significantly higher level of microRNA-122, which was 8.7 times higher than in the group of HDV RNA-positive patients (p<0.005). In patients with liver fibrosis F1, the expression of microRNA-122 was higher than in patients with liver fibrosis F2, F3, F4 (p = 0.0001). The lowest levels of microRNA-122 were observed in liver fibrosis F4. Conclusion. The expression level of microRNA-122 in blood serum during HDV infection decreases as liver fibrosis progresses. The development of cirrhosis is accompanied by a 3.7-fold drop in the level of microRNA-122 compared to the group of patients with chronic hepatitis D. MicroRNA-122 can be used in laboratory monitoring of patients with various stages of HDV infection as an indicator of the activity of the process, assessing the severity of liver damage and the rate of progression of liver fibrosis.> ˂ 0.005). In patients with liver fibrosis F1, the expression of microRNA-122 was higher than in patients with liver fibrosis F2, F3, F4 (p = 0.0001). The lowest levels of microRNA-122 were observed in liver fibrosis F4.

Conclusion. The expression level of microRNA-122 in blood serum during HDV infection decreases as liver fibrosis progresses. The development of cirrhosis is accompanied by a 3.7-fold drop in the level of microRNA-122 compared to the group of patients with chronic hepatitis D. MicroRNA-122 can be used in laboratory monitoring of patients with various stages of HDV infection as an indicator of the activity of the process, assessing the severity of liver damage and the rate of progression of liver fibrosis.
Optimization of three-dimensional printing parameters for orthodontic applications
Authors: Atam Saro , Pereira Cybelle L. , Shah Hammaad R. , Hou Wei , Rody Wellington J.
Published: April 2024

Objectives

To determine the impact of build orientation, increased layer thickness, and dental crowding on the trueness of three-dimensional (3D)–printed models, and to evaluate how these parameters affect the fit of thermoformed appliances.

Materials and Methods

Ninety-six dental models were printed horizontally and vertically on the building platform using different 3D-printing technologies: (1) a stereolithography (SLA) printer with layer thicknesses of 160 μm and 300 μm and (2) a digital light processing (DLP) printer with layer thicknesses of 100 μm and 200 μm. Each printed model was digitalized and superimposed on the corresponding source file using 3D rendering software, and deviations were quantified by the root mean square values. Subsequently, a total of 32 thermoformed appliances were fabricated on top of the most accurate 3D-printed models, and their fit was evaluated by digital superimposition and inspection by three blinded orthodontists. Paired t-tests were used to analyze the data.

Results

Significant differences (P < .05) between printing technologies used were identified for models printed horizontally, with the SLA system achieving better trueness, especially in crowded dentitions. No significant differences between technology were found when models were printed vertically. The highest values of deviation were recorded in appliances fabricated on top of DLP-printed models. The results of the qualitative evaluation indicated that appliances fabricated on top of SLA models outperformed the DLP-modeled appliances.

Conclusions

Three-dimensional printing with increased layer height seems to produce accurate working models for orthodontic applications.
Area-based disparities in non-small-cell lung cancer survival
Authors: Paakkola Nelly-Maria , Jekunen Antti , Sihvo Eero , Johansson Mikael , Andersén Heidi
Published: April 2024

Background: In the Nordic countries, universal healthcare access has been effective in reducing socioeconomic disparities in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) management. However, other factors, such as proximity to healthcare facilities, may still affect access to care. This study aimed at investigating the influence of residential area on NSCLC survival.
Methods: This population-based study utilized hospital records to identify NSCLC patients who underwent their initial treatment at Vaasa Central Hospital between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2020. Patients were categorized based on their postal codes into urban areas (≤50 km from the hospital) and rural areas (>50 km from the hospital). Survival rates between these two groups were compared using Cox regression analysis.
Results: A total of 321 patients were included in the study. Patients residing in rural areas (n = 104) exhibited poorer 12-month survival rates compared to their urban counterparts (n = 217) (unadjusted Hazard Ratio [HR]: 1.38; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.01–1.89; p = 0.042). After adjusting for factors such as performance status, frailty, and stage at diagnosis in a multivariate Cox regression model, the adjusted HR increased to 1.47 (95% CI: 1.07–2.01; p = 0.017) for patients living in rural areas compared to those in urban areas.
Interpretation: The study findings indicate that the distance to the hospital is associated with increased lung cancer mortality. This suggests that geographical proximity may play a crucial role in the disparities observed in NSCLC survival rates. Addressing these disparities should involve strategies aimed at improving healthcare accessibility, particularly for patients residing in rural areas, to enhance NSCLC outcomes and reduce mortality.
ATP Citrate Lyase is a General Tumour Biomarker and Contributes to the Development of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Luo Ruiting , Huang Yingjian , Bai Ruimin , Liu Meng , Sun Liang , Wang Xiaofei , Zheng Yan
Published: April 2024

ATP citrate lyase, the first rate-limiting enzyme in de novo lipogenesis, plays a crucial role in tumour progression. This study explores ATP citrate lyase’s potential as a tumour biomarker and its role in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. ATP citrate lyase expression patterns were analysed using TCGA and TIMER databases, and patient skin specimens were collected for immunohistochemistry to determine ATP citrate lyase levels. Cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and c-Myc expression were assessed in A431 and SCL-1 cells. Stable cell lines with reduced ATP citrate lyase expression were obtained and subcutaneously implanted into nude mice to evaluate in vivo tumour growth. Ki67, c-Myc expression and TUNEL staining were analysed in subcutaneous tumours. ATP citrate lyase exhibited upregulation in various tumours, and showed significant associations with prognosis and immune infiltrate. Moreover, ATP citrate lyase was highly expressed in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. After ATP citrate lyase silencing, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell growth decelerated, the cell cycle halted, cell apoptosis increased, and c-Myc expression decreased. Animal experiments revealed that, following ATP citrate lyase knockdown, tumour tissue growth slowed down, and there was a reduction in Ki-67 and c-Myc expression, accompanied by enhanced TUNEL staining. In conclusion, ATP citrate lyase may serve as a tumour biomarker. It is highly expressed in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and may serve as a therapeutic target.
Immunohistochemical analysis of E-cadherin and Caspase-3 expression in equine penile squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Nascimento Vitória Souza de Oliveira , Pinheiro Gilmar de Oliveira , Momo Claudia
Published: April 2024

Neoplasms are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in horses, with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), also called squamous cell carcinoma, being the most common genital malignant tumor in the species and the most common neoplasm in horses in the State of São Paulo. Neoplasms frequently infiltrate the corpus cavernosum and can cause metastases in regional lymph nodes, generally having a guarded to poor prognosis due to local invasion and recurrence. Given the importance of the disease, the objective was to verify whether there is a difference in the expression pattern of immunomarkers of apoptosis and cell adhesion, according to the degree of cellular differentiation of the neoplasms. Twenty equine penile SCC samples from the Animal Pathology Service of the Veterinary Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the University of São Paulo were histologically analyzed and classified according to their degree of differentiation. In addition, they were also subjected to the immunohistochemistry technique, with the immunomarkers Caspase-3 and E-cadherin. Data were analyzed using Kendall’s correlation and the Mann-Whitney test. It was found that there is a positive correlation between the expression of immunomarkers and that there is no statistically significant difference in the expression of immunomarkers according to the degree of differentiation.
Retrospective study of congenital anomalies in cattle from 2008 to 2020, necropsied at the Center for Teaching and Diagnosis of Bovine Diseases, UNAM, Mexico
Authors: Moctezuma Kaylin L , Alva Mario A Bedolla , Arjona-Jiménez Guadalupe
Published: April 2024

From the files of the necropsy archive of the Center for Teaching and Diagnosis of Bovine Diseases (CEDEB), UNAM, a retrospective study of the cases of bovines sent to the post-mortem room was conducted, which covered a period of 13 years from 2008 to 2020, with the aim of identifying which are the main congenital diseases diagnosed in the post-mortem study. For the data analysis, the individual’s age, breed, and morphological diagnosis were considered. From 2008 to 2020, 2000 animals (100%) of which were divided into developmental stages: lactating calves, weaned calves, heifers, adults, and abortions; 40 (2%) of those animals were diagnosed with one or several developmental anomalies, the majority of cases were from lactating animals. The predominant congenital diseases were cardiovascular, locomotor, and gastrointestinal. From the group of congenital diseases of the cardiovascular system, they affected most stages of development, such as lactating calves, weaned calves, heifers, and adults.
Česť ako morálna a právna kategória – rímskoprávne východiská a slovenské reálie
Authors:   Právnická fakulta Univerzity Komenského v Bratislave, Ivančík Ján
Published: April 2024

Ancient Roman law operated with the category of honour not only at the moral level, but also at the legal level. The loss of honour was perceived not only as a de facto contempt for society, but at the same time also caused a limitation of the capacity for legal acts. The connection between law and morality showed itself both on a practical level and at the same time enabled the enforcement of old social norms. In modern times, honour still finds its numerous contents in legal regulations, but it is no longer a separate legal institute. Are there overlaps within which the antique legal order can be a model for contemporary regulation?
Bezdůvodně urážlivý projev dotýkající se náboženského cítění věřících a zvolený způsob komunikace
Authors:   Právnická fakulta Univerzity Palackého v Olomouci, Jurečková Lucie
Published: April 2024

In the context of the Otto-Preminger-Institut v. Austria case, the paper describes the importance of the chosen method of communication with the addressees of the speech when assessing statements hurting the religious feelings of believers. In particular, it points to the need to prioritize the protection of the religious feelings of believers over the protection of freedom of expression only if there are sufficient and relevant reasons for this. The mere use of language that can be perceived as a malicious violation of the spirit of tolerance is not a criterion capable of leading to a restriction of the freedom guaranteed by Article 10 of the ECHR. Otherwise, there could be serious interference with freedom of expression with negative consequences for democracy.
Vznik závazku ze smlouvy o dílo určitým ujednáním díla anebo předmětu díla
Authors:   University of West Bohemia, Knobloch Jan
Published: April 2024

In order to create an obligation under a work contract, it is necessary for the parties to negotiate the essential elements (essentialia negotii) of the work contract, which are determined in particular by the provisions of Section 2586(1) of the Civil Code and Section 2587 of the Civil Code. Without a specific agreement on the essential elements, the work contract will not be validly concluded. The doctrine of the Civil Code also leads to the conclusion that a works contract obliges the contractor to supply the client with independent work and that is determined by the result – the subject of the work. As regards the essential elements of a work contract, the article focuses exclusively on the determination of the work arrangement and/or the subject matter of the work. In view of the current doctrine and the applicable decision-making practice of the courts, the article tests the hypothesis according to which a work contract is validly concluded only if the parties to the work contract have definitely agreed on the activity of the contractor (i.e. the work) and at the same time on a certain result of such activity (i.e. the subject of the work) and if one of these essential elements is not definitely agreed in the work contract, then the work contract will not be validly concluded. In order to test the above hypothesis, three model types of works contract are developed, which imply the necessity of a certain stipulation of the work and/or the subject matter of the work depending on the economic importance of a particular type of works contract. Finally, the author calls for a consistent distinction between the concepts of work and subject matter.
Postih vojnových zločinov v medzinárodných právnych dokumentoch
Authors:   Paneurópska vysoká škola v Bratislave, Ličko Adam
Published: April 2024

My paperwork focuses on the historical development of the punishment of war crimes up to the present day. The chapters are arranged chronologically from: International legal documents from the period before the WWI to International legal documents on the punishment of war crimes from the period of modern war conflicts. The last chapter of my paperwork will be devoted to the comparison of the current regulation with the legal regulation from the past.
Comparison of Surrogacy laws of Austria, Slovakia and Ukraine
Authors:   Central European Academy, Nagy Zsófia
Published: April 2024

Assisted reproductive technology has introduced a large scope of medical solutions for infertile couples to found a family, however surrogacy seems to be the most debated, as it triggers many ethical and legal questions. The multicolor of legal reactions to this sensitive issue can be represented through the legislation of the three countries in the Central European region, despite the decision making ot the ECtHR and the continuously ongoing europeanization and unification of law in Europe. However, in this regard, the domestic legislation enjoys prime attention and significance, because the ECtHR approaches these cases with a relatively ,,open-mind“ by giving the member state a large margin of appreciation in their legislation of delicate topics. This carefulness of the ECtHR was represented in case of Austria, where it highlighted the importance of free discretion of the country to decide whether to constrain surrogacy or not. Austria with this validation could maintain its prohibitive legislation towards surrogacy, but could also permit certain assisted reproductive techniques. From the Slovak domestic legislation we can demonstrate how certain countries can take the path of the complete non-regulation of surrogacy methods. The lack of detailed regulation on ART, the implicit ,,ban“ on surrogacy arrangements, and the determination of motherhood on gestational basis all reflect and contribute to the conservative approach Slovakia generally demonstartes in the field of reproductive and sexual rights. One prime example of permitting legislation on surrogacy comes from Ukraine, where even commercial surrogacy has been acceptable since the 1990s. There, the domestic legislation tries to protect all the three subjects of the surrogacy arrangement, also lessens the complications when issuing the birth certificate of the child. Despite the complex legislation of ART, some key features and concepts are not taken into consideration in these laws, which may endanger the legal certainty of the parties. By examining all the three legal approaches (prohibition, permission, non-regulation) a state can chose in regulating surrogacy through the examples of Austria, Slovakia and Ukraine, we can conclude that neither of them may seem satisfactory. The lack of an European standard in this regard may cause serious inadequacies, on the other hand one shall respect the ethical and moral reasoning of the state when drafting a regulation on such a delicate issue. However, this free attitude may not be maintainable in the future, especially with the strong emergence of international surrogacy cases.
Blanketní stížnost proti usnesení o zahájení trestního řízení
Authors:   University of West Bohemia, Slovák Martin
Published: April 2024

The paper on the topic of the blanket complaint against the decision to initiate a criminal prosecution will start with general knowledge about the indictment and the ordinary remedy that the complaint represents. A comparison of the current legislation with the forthcoming recodification of the Code of Criminal Procedure will not be left aside. Further, the decision-making of the Constitutional Court in relation to a blanket complaint against a decision to initiate a criminal prosecution will be discussed.
Zveřejňování informací z kontroly
Authors:   Vysoká škola CEVRO Institut, z.ú., Vetešník Pavel
Published: April 2024

The article deals with the conditions of publication of information from the inspection of the inspection regulations. In the article, I will first define the inspection according to the inspection regulations and the cases in which the inspection authority is authorized to obtain the required information from the inspected person. The information provided is subject to the obligation of confidentiality, and therefore the explanatory terms of this obligation. Following the cases in which the control authority is authorized to publish the information obtained from the control, including a possible judicial review of such publication. Then I write the cases of the third published information from the inspection at the instigation of the person, according to individual legal regulations. Even in this case, I will focus on a possible judicial review, if the information from the inspection is not provided to a third party. Due to the fact that control bodies cooperate with each other, if at the end of the article they focus on publishing information from another control body.
AMBIGUITY IN THE TRANSLATION OF QURANIC EUPHEMISMS INTO THE MALAY LANGUAGE
Authors: Mohd Saad Muhammad Luqman Ibnul Hakim , Ab. Halim Zulazhan , Mohmad Rouyan Nurazan , Zakaria Razimi
Published: April 2024

Background and Purpose: Translators encounter significant challenges when dealing with the structures of Quranic euphemisms, particularly in effectively avoiding ambiguity of meanings in the target text. This study aims to investigate ambiguity in the translation of Quranic euphemisms into the Malay language and identify effective approaches to address it.
 
Methodology: The present study employed a descriptive analysis, adapting Olimat’s (2018) Evaluation Model of Euphemism Translation in the Quran and Newmark’s (1981) Semantic and Communicative Theory. Six samples were meticulously chosen with the purpose of effectively capturing ambiguities in the translation of texts related to the domain of sexuality. This study presents each Quranic euphemism in its original Malay translation and a literal English translation, aiming to enhance comprehension and promote a deeper appreciation of the nuances and subtleties in the translation of Quranic euphemisms.
 
Findings: The findings revealed notable deficiencies in accurately conveying the intended meaning in certain translations, despite the implementation of parentheses to facilitate explicitation. Additionally, some translations fell short of fulfilling the lexical function of the words, leading to discrepancies and insufficiencies of information in communicating the contextual meaning. Furthermore, certain translations did not align with the target language context.
Contributions: Translators need to employ strategies such as contextual analysis, cultural adaptation, and clarification through additional explanatory to minimize ambiguity in the translated text. Overall, five main aspects need to be considered in the translation of Quranic euphemisms: conveying the true meaning, adherence to grammar rules, effectiveness in word selection, preservation of euphemistic style, and appropriateness of translation approaches.  The findings of this study offer valuable insights to Quran translators, specifically those involved in the field of Arabic-Malay translation and pave the way for future advancements.
 
Keywords: Ambiguity, Quran translation, Quranic euphemisms, translation approach, translation quality.
 
Cite as: Mohd Saad, M. L. I. H., Ab Halim, Z., Rouyan, N. M., & Zakaria, R. (2024). Ambiguity in the translation of Quranic euphemisms into the Malay language. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 9(1), 74-96. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol9iss1pp74-96
AN INVESTIGATION OF THE THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR IN PREDICTING MALAYSIAN SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS' USE OF ICT DURING TEACHING AND LEARNING SESSIONS
Authors: Mat Yusoff Shahazwan , Lijie Hao , Mohamad Marzaini Anwar Farhan , Basal Mohd Helme
Published: April 2024

Background and Purpose: The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) is a framework utilized to comprehend human behaviour towards the adoption and utilization of technology, particularly in educational settings such as ICT usage during teaching and learning sessions. The study aimed to determine the validity of the TPB model in explaining the use of ICT (UICT) by secondary school teachers in Malaysia during their teaching and learning sessions. Additionally, the research sought to identify the most influential factor affecting the use of UICT, and examine the differences in UICT use in relation to demographic variables such as gender and years of teaching experience.
 
Methodology: A total of 331 secondary school teachers from 30 schools in Selangor, Malaysia participated in the study and a 24-item online questionnaire was used to measure four constructs (BB, NB, CB, and UICT), and the validity of the TPB model in explaining the use of UICT by Malaysian secondary school teachers was confirmed using PLS-SEM analysis.
 
Findings: The study found that all three constructs (BB, NB, and CB) had a significant influence on UICT use during teaching practices, with CB being the most significant predictor (β = .388). Although no significant differences were found in relation to gender, the study did reveal significant differences based on years of teaching.
 
Contributions: The findings of this study provide a valuable framework for future studies to build upon and extend their understanding of the factors that shape ICT use among secondary school teachers. Furthermore, the model could be replicated in other educational contexts, such as early childhood education and primary education, or with pre-service teachers from developing countries, in order to validate the generalizability of the results.
 
Keywords: Use of ICT, theory of planned behaviour, secondary school teachers, Malaysia.
 
Cite as: Mat Yusoff, S., Lijie, H., Mohamad Marzaini, A. F., & Basal, M. H. (2024). An investigation of the theory of planned behavior in predicting Malaysian secondary school teachers' use of ICT during teaching and learning Sessions. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 9(1), 97-120. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol9iss1pp97-120
National Independent Fiscal Institutions Need to Be Stronger to Perform Effectively
Authors: Daianu Daniel
Published: April 2024

In April 2023, the European Commission issued a directive proposal on EU economic governance reform. The Council cut some tasks of Independent Fiscal Institutions (IFIs) that were in the Commission directive proposal; whether this cutting is justified is an open question. Early this year, the Council and the Parliament reached a provisional agreement on the proposed reform of the EU economic governance framework. The vision of the Commission that would involve IFIs in the assessment of fiscal-structural plans is not groundless. But structural reforms and investment analysis demand expertise that hardly exists in most national IFIs, and their involvement in policy design could be perceived as a technocratic inroad into democratic decision-making. In order to play a more significant and effective role, national IFIs need adequate resources and enhanced analytical capacity; their activity depends heavily on the policy design of the EU economic governance. National IFIs should view their role from a macroprudential perspective, too. The role of IFIs should not go beyond what most of them can deliver effectively, so that their status and reputation are not harmed.
The Impact of The Computerized Accounting Information System in Reducing Financial Risks in Jordanian Commercial Banks
Authors: Al-Amro Sameer Ahmad , AL-Shaqahin Riad Musleh , Shawaqfeh George Nasser , Hijazin Maen Yousef Khalaf
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of computerized accounting information systems (CAIS) on reducing financial risks within Jordanian commercial banks listed on the Amman Stock Exchange. This involved examining the components, characteristics, and benefits of CAIS in this context.
 
Methods: The study employed a questionnaire-based approach to gather information, distributing 75 questionnaires among financial managers and internal auditors within Jordanian commercial banks. A total of 64 questionnaires were retrieved and analyzed to draw conclusions.
 
Results and Discussion: The analysis revealed a significant impact of various variables related to computerized information systems in mitigating financial risks within the sampled banks. This finding underscores the importance of CAIS in enhancing risk management practices within the banking sector. Notably, the study highlights the necessity of corporate governance implementation and the preparation of specialized reports to enhance financial risk disclosure processes.
 
Implications of the Research: The findings of this research have several implications for both academia and practice. Firstly, they emphasize the crucial role of CAIS in reducing financial risks within commercial banks. Secondly, they underscore the importance of implementing robust corporate governance mechanisms to strengthen risk management frameworks. Additionally, the study suggests the need for further research to explore the impact of accounting information systems on different types of risks and their consequent effects on financial performance.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the existing literature by providing insights into the specific context of Jordanian commercial banks and their utilization of CAIS for managing financial risks. By identifying the components, characteristics, and benefits of CAIS in this setting, the research adds valuable knowledge to the field of accounting and finance. Moreover, its recommendations for enhanced corporate governance practices and specialized reporting can inform practical strategies for risk management in banking institutions.
Development of The Association Capacity in Mathematical Problem Solving for 3rd Grade Students: Findings from Primary Schools In Vietnam
Authors: Trang Pham Huyen , Thang Nguyen The , Hai Hoang Nam
Published: April 2024

Purpose: Developing association capacity in math issues solving for 3rd graders plays an important part in the implementation of reforming the general education schedule and most teachers are aware of this. However, the reality of teaching in primary schools shows that there are many limitations in training the factors of association capacity for students.
 
Method: Using observation and experimental methods to find out how association capacity of 34 students of 3rd grade of a primary school in Danang, Vietnam can be to solve math problems and find the concrete evidence to propose pedagogical measures to develop association capacity in solving math issues for students through teaching activities.
 
Results and conclusion: Research results show that students are better at developing association capacity in solving math problems by new pedagogical methods. 
 
Research implications: If teachers apply it appropriately in teaching 3rd grade math, they will develop students' ability to think critically when solving mathematical problems.
Land Use Changes and Agricultural Developments in the Tocantins-Araguaia Basin: 1985 to 2022
Authors: Sousa Erlan Silva de , Marques Elineide Eugenio
Published: April 2024

Objective: To evaluate land use changes and investigate agricultural expansion in the Tocantins-Araguaia basin from 1985 to 2022.
 
Theoretical framework: The Tocantins-Araguaia basin has undergone significant changes in land use and occupation, mainly due to the rapid expansion of agriculture and livestock. This expansion, driven by factors such as the growing demand for food and agricultural commodities, has generated socio-environmental impacts and increased discussion about sustainable use practices in the basin.
 
Methods: Images from the MapBiomas Project were used to generate land use maps and statistical analyses.
 
Results and discussion: The results indicate changes in land use and cover in the basin over the analyzed period. There was a reduction in forest areas, most of which were converted into agricultural areas, which showed significant growth. Analysis of the evolution of agricultural production in the basin revealed an increase in the area allocated to agriculture, mainly for crops such as soybeans, sugar cane and other temporary crops.
 
Research implications: Patterns of change in land use highlight the pressing need to adopt sustainable agricultural development strategies that reconcile food production with the conservation of natural ecosystems and the well-being of family farmers and local communities.
 
Originality/Value: It is important to understand the trends and effects of changes in land use in the basin to guide sustainable natural resource management policies and minimize potential negative effects of these changes on the environment and local communities.
The Nature and Existence of Jurisprudence in State Administrative Courts in Indonesia
Authors: Razak Askari , Perdana Taufik , Rahman Abd. , Thalib Hambali
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study aims to examine the effectiveness of jurisprudence in resolving cases by judges to achieve legal certainty, justice, and utility in their decisions.
 
Theoretical Framework: Drawing on legal principles and legislative frameworks such as Article 28 of Law No. 48/2009 on Judicial Power, Article 22 AB (Algemene Bepalingen Van Wetgeving), and Article 1917 of the Burgerlijk Wetboek (BW), this research explores the role of jurisprudence as a source of law and its significance in the judicial process.
 
Methodology: This research employs a qualitative approach, utilizing legal analysis and case studies to investigate the application of jurisprudence by judges in resolving cases. Data collection involves examining legal documents, court decisions, and scholarly literature related to the topic.
 
Results and Conlusion: The findings indicate that jurisprudence plays a crucial role in enhancing legal certainty, justice, and utility in judicial decisions. Judges utilize jurisprudential principles as guiding frameworks to ensure consistency and fairness in their rulings, thus contributing to the effectiveness of the legal system. this study highlights the importance of jurisprudence in achieving the objectives of the judicial system. By incorporating jurisprudential principles into their decision-making processes, judges can uphold legal certainty, promote justice, and maximize the utility of their rulings, ultimately strengthening the rule of law.
KONCEPT PICERIJE KROZ UREĐENJE ENTERIJERA U NOVOM SADU
Authors: Avramović Bojana
Published: April 2024

Cilj ovog rada jeste da istraži i analizira principe i pristupe dizajnu enterijera picerije u industrijskom stilu kako bi se razumele najbolje prakse i smernice za stvaranje estetski privlačnih i funkcionalnih prostora za picerije. Svako istraživanje karakteristika industrijskog stila u dizajnu enterijera zahteva izdašnu analizu kako bi se razumele specifičnosti ovog stila i njegov potencijalni uticaj na atmosferu i estetiku.
OTKRIVANJE NAMERNO IZAZVANIH PROMENA NA SLICI KORIŠĆENJEM SOFTVERA Fiji, ImageJ i SPSS-a
Authors: Šćekić Julija
Published: April 2024

Cilj ovog istraživanja jeste da se kombi­nacijom više metoda, korišćenjem algoritama K-means i K-najbližih suseda detektuje namerno izazvane promene nastale kopiraj/nalepi sadržaja na slici. Problem forenzike slike je trenutno aktuelan problem kojim se bave eminentni naučnici iz naučnog polja primenjene matematike, a poseb­no inženjeri elektrotehnike. Pronaći adekvatan model koji bi na što precizniji i brži način došao do informacije, a reč je o delovima na slici koji su izmenjeni, je pravi izazov. U ovom radu daje se predlog jednog od algoritama, kao i njihovi rezultati. Modeli su kreirani korišćenjem softvera SPSS i FIji ImageJ.
Pharmacological test with nitroglycerin in combination with perfusion SPECT with 99mTc-Technetril in assessing the viability of ischemic myocardium in patients after acute infarction
Authors: Minin S. M. , Vasiltseva O. Ya. , Bukhovets I. L. , Anashbaev Z. Zh. , Lishmanov Yu. B. , Ivanovskaya E. A. , Ussov V. Yu. , Cherniavskii A. M.
Published: April 2024

Aim. To evaluate the possibility of using nitroglycerin sublingually in combination with 99mTc-Technetril cardiac perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) as a test for detecting viable myocardium. Material and methods. 28 male patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and postinfarction cardiosclerosis were examined. Group 1 included 10 patients with CHD without signs of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Group 2 comprised 18 patients with CHD, postinfarction cardiosclerosis (PICS). The control group consisted of patients who were subsequently rejected a diagnosis of CHD. Patients took 2 tablets (1 mg) of nitroglycerin sublingually, and then, at the peak of the drug’s action (after 3–5 minutes), they were intravenously administered 370 MBq of 99mTc-Technetril (by Diamed, Russia). Myocardial SPECT with 99mTc-Technetril was performed 1 hour after RFP injection. The next day, myocardial SPECT with 99mTc-Technetril was repeated at rest. Results. When taking tableted nitroglycerin at a dose of 1 mg sublingually, its maximum plasma concentration is on average 0.26 ± 0.04 microcgram/l. It is reached by 110–150 s, then maintained within 10 % of the maximum for 7-9 minutes. Nitroglycerin leads to improvement in global and local contractility and increased LV pumping function in CHD patients. This is most pronounced in individuals with a higher class of angina pectoris after AMI and major changes in intracardiac hemodynamics initially. The nitroglycerin test in combination with 99mTc-Technetril SPECT-CT allowed to identify myocardial areas with improved blood flow and increased EFLV after CABG. Conclusion. The nitroglycerin test in combination with 99mTc-Technetril SPECT-CT is effective for detecting viable myocardium in patients with coronary atherosclerosis and CHD, safe and relatively simple due to the sublingual route of nitroglycerin intake.
Multimodal radiology diagnostics for recurrent congenital diaphragmatic hernia in a child with congenital heart disease: clinical case
Authors: Shapina M. K. , Ilyina N. A. , Gurova M. I.
Published: April 2024

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a severe congenital malformation that occurs as a result of delayed closure of the pleuroperitoneal canal or the diaphragm failure, which leads to the displacement of abdominal organs into the thoracic cavity. Timely diagnosis of recurrent diaphragmatic hernia in the long-term period causes great difficulties. The article presents a clinical observation of a 1-year-and-8-months old female patient operated on for false congenital diaphragmatic hernia and congenital heart defect during the newborn period. Chest X-ray at the outpatient stage allowed diagnosing a relapse of CDH and determining the urgency of hospitalization. In the hospital, the diagnosis was confirmed by computed tomography, surgical treatment was performed.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF MINIMAL RESIDUAL DISEASE IN ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKAEMIA: A SINGLE CENTRE STUDY
Authors: Muhsin Abdulrahman A. , Atrushi Akrem M. , Al-Doski Adnan A.
Published: April 2024

In Acute lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) assessment of molecular response to treatment, assessing minimal residual disease (MRD) is a major independent predictor of treatment outcome. Consequently, MRD is implemented in all ALL-treatment protocols to fill up or to redefine stratification of multifactorial risk with optional intensity of customized treatment.
Aim: to specify the significance of MRD in the assessment of remission in children with ALL with results discordant between morphology and flow cytometry at the end of induction phase of therapy.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Jin Oncology Center from March 2019 through November 2023. Data were taken out of the records of 58 patients who had ALL less than 16 years old. All patients were less than 16 years old and treated by ukall. They were diagnosed using peripheral blood morphology, bone marrow study and/or flow cytometry when lymphoblasts in peripheral blood or bone marrow aspirate are ≥20% and was confirmed by flow cytometry. On 29th day of induction therapy, bone marrow was examined for morphology and flow cytometry. The presence or absence of MRD was determined, and CD19, CD10 and tdt were tested. By morphologic assessment they were divided patients into: Category 1, C1 (<5% blasts), Category 2, C2 (5-20% blasts), and Category 3, C3 (>20% blasts). Statistical analysis was made using SPSS version 25. P value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The study involved 58 patients who had ALL. with a median age of 6.5 years, male to females ratio of 1.76:1, mean platelet count of 96.6 x 10⁹/L ,mean hemoglobin of 8.6 g/dL, mean leucocyte count of 74.3 x 10⁹/L), 48 cases (82.7%) of B-cell lineage and 10 cases (17.3%) of T-cell lineage, 94.6% of the B-cell cases were of the common B-ALL and the rest Pro-BALL type, 54.6% of the T-cell ALL was cortical T-ALL  and 44.4% Early T-cell ALL.  They were tested for MRD by morphology and flow cytometry on day 29. By morphology, 46 patients had remission but by flow only 24 cases. Seventeen cases had residual blasts >5%. In 19 cases there was a discrepancy between the results of morphology and flow. Twenty-five cases (52.08% of B-cell cases) were positive for MRD by flow results. Eight of the ten cases of T-ALL (80%), were positive for MRD by flow cytometry. Among 48 cases of B-ALL, 36 were in C1 category (morphologically in remission), 11 cases were in C2 category and one case in the C3 category. Of cases in C1 category, 17 were MRD +ve and 19 were MRD –ve by flow cytometry. In the C2 category, only 2 out of the 11 cases (18.18%) had discordant results between morphology and flow results. The correlation between morphology and flow results was 100% in the C3 category.
Conclusion: MRD should not be the surrogate of morphology but to be used in conjunction in order to give us a more accurate representation of status of remission.
ГЛЮКОНО-ДЕЛЬТА-ЛАКТОН В ТЕХНОЛОГИИ СЫРОДЕЛИЯ
Authors: Мусина  Ольга Николаевна Мусина  Ольга Николаевна , Усатюк  Дарья Андреевна Усатюк  Дарья Андреевна , Бондаренко Нина Ивановна
Published: April 2024

Изучена возможность применения в технологии сыроделия в качестве органического подкислителя глюконо-дельта-лактона. Глюконо-дельта-лактон (ГДЛ, E575) – это внутренний эфир глюконовой кислоты. В молочной смеси, как и в воде, ГДЛ медленно гидролизуется, высвобождая глюконовую кислоту. В результате данной реакции активная кислотность среды снижается. В статье приведены результаты исследований по изучению влияния сухого ГДЛ на динамику активной кислотности молочных смесей разной жирности. Установлено, что при внесении глюконо-дельта-лактона в сухом виде в молочные смеси он гидролизуется медленно, при этом наибольшее снижение активной кислотности отмечено в первый час после внесения. Научно обоснованы рациональные дозировки сухой формы ГДЛ для использования в технологии сыра с комбинированным подкислением и чеддеризацией сырной массы. Дозировки органического подкислителя апробированы в процессе получения экспериментальных образцов полутвердого сыра. Изучена активная кислотность, выход и органолептические показатели полученных образцов сыра. Использование в качестве органического подкислителя сухого глюконо-дельта-лактона является перспективным направлением в технологии сыров типа чеддер. Использование ГДЛ методом комбинированного подкисления (совместно с бактериальной закваской) позволит получать сыры постоянного качества и прогнозируемой активной кислотности, что актуально в сырах с чеддеризацией сырной массы
РАСШИРЕНИЕ АССОРТИМЕНТА СПЕЦИАЛИЗИРОВАННЫХ ПРОДУКТОВ ПИТАНИЯ ГЕРОДИЕТИЧЕСКОГО НАЗНАЧЕНИЯ
Authors: Кенийз Надежда Викторовна Кенийз Надежда Викторовна , Варивода  Альбина Алексеевна Варивода  Альбина Алексеевна
Published: April 2024

В соответствии с современными требованиями к продуктам питания, здоровому образу жизни героконтингента, пищевой полноценности консервов, профилактической направленности ассортимент новых специализированных продуктов разработан для поддержания здоровья потребителей: хорошей работы желудочно-кишечного тракта, обеспечения организма важнейшими для организма нутриентами и нутрицевтиками, повышения иммунитета – то есть полностью в соответствии с концепцией государственной политики в области здорового питания населения РФ. Состав новых видов консервов обосновывался химическим составом используемого сырья; сырье и материалы выбирались с учетом потребностей организма человека в химических компонентах для героконтингента, но может быть использован в питании всех возрастных групп. Химический состав новых видов консервов должен быть способным, благодаря содержанию нутриентов и нутрицевтиков, профилактически укреплять организм, предупреждать возможные заболевания, свойственные для героконтингента, снижать риск воздействия возможных вредных веществ на здоровье. При выборе моделей новых видов паст учитывали требования концепции здорового питания, Федерального Закона о качестве и безопасности пищевых продуктов и нормативы СанПиН, а также пищевкусовые свойства продуктов.
РАЗРАБОТКА ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКОГО СТЕНДА ДЛЯ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ВЛИЯНИЯ УДАРНО-ВОЛНОВОГО ДАВЛЕНИЯ КАК НЕЗАВИСИМОГО ФАКТОРА УЛЬТРАЗВУКОВОГО КАВИТАЦИОННОГО ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ
Authors: Голых  Роман Николаевич Голых  Роман Николаевич , Минаков  Вячеслав Дмитриевич Минаков  Вячеслав Дмитриевич
Published: April 2024

На сегодняшний день широко известно интенсифицирующее влияние ультразвукового кавитационного воздействия на физико-химические процессы. Многократно установлено, что кавитационные и сопутствующие нелинейные явления (ударные волны, акустические потоки, нагрев среды) ускоряют физико-химические процессы. Однако современные исследования влияния кавитации либо основаны на теоретических подходах, которые, как правило, рассматривают ударно-волновое давление в отдельности без учёта других факторов, либо на экспериментальных исследованиях, которые определяют конечную эффективность процесса (критерий эффективности зависит от вида процесса) под действием совокупности факторов кавитации. В то же время для обеспечения максимальной эффективности процесса необходимо выявить действие каждого фактора в отдельности, чтобы подобрать режимы и условия воздействия (а, возможно, и способы модуляции ультразвуковых колебаний), которые усиливают фактор, который наиболее влияет на скорость процесса и ослабляет паразитные факторы. Для развития направления экспериментальных исследований влияния отдельных факторов кавитации разработан стенд, который позволяет осуществить воздействие на среду с аналогичным изменением температуры, как и при ультразвуковом воздействии, но без ударно-волнового давления, образуемого при схлопывании кавитационных пузырьков.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ВЛИЯНИЯ БОРПОЛИМЕРА НА СВОЙСТВА СВЕРХВЫСОКОМОЛЕКУЛЯРНОГО ПОЛИЭТИЛЕНА
Authors: Данилова Сахаяна Николаевна , Ефимова Елена Софроновна , Лазарева Надежда Николаевна , Охлопкова Айталина Алексеевна , Туисов Алексей Геннадьевич
Published: April 2024

В работе рассмотрено влияние борполимера в вязкотекучем состоянии на физико-механические, триботехнические и термодинамические сверхвысокомолекулярного полиэтилена. Полученные результаты обосновываются и дополняются исследованиями структуры композитов методом ИК-спектроскопии и сканирующей электронной микроскопии. Борполимер был переведен в вязкотекучее состояние с помощью органического растворителя на основе эпоксиангидридного связующего. Методом ИК-спектроскопии установили, что растворитель в основном содержит эпоксидные, формальдегидные, альдегидные и гидроксильные группы. Порошок полимера и навеску вязкого борполимера смешивали в лопастном смесителе, далее полученные смеси перерабатывали методом горячего прессования с последующим получением образцов. Результаты исследований свойств образцов свидетельствуют о том, что введение вязкотекучего борполимера приводит к повышению их механических свойств. Отмечено, что композиты, содержащие борполимер, характеризуются повышением прочности при растяжении на 44 % и модуля упругости на 62 % относительно исходного сверхвысокомолекулярного полиэтилена. Полученные результаты объяснили структурными исследованиями. Надмолекулярная структура образцов при меньшем содержании борполимера характеризуется формированием сферолитной структуры, а с увеличением концентрации происходит разрыхление и разупорядочивание структуры («аморфизация»). Это подтверждается результатами исследования дифференциально-сканирующей калориметрии, в котором отмечено снижение степени кристалличности на 7-12 % и энтальпии плавления на 6-12 % относительно полимерной матрицы. Трибологические испытания показывают снижение коэффициента трения на 21 %, что обусловлено влиянием борполимера как смазочного материала в процессах трения, облегчая скольжение материала по поверхности стального контртела. Морфология поверхности трения и их ИК-спектры подтверждают полученные результаты, так показано, что борполимер активно участвует в трибохимических процессах и формирует вторичную структуру на поверхности трения композита.