bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Martínez Ramos e Iruela, R. La Gran Vía de Colón de Granada. Reconstrucción del proyecto y obra de una cala urbana. 1891-1931
Authors: Hernández Soriano Ricardo
Published: February 2023

Reseña del libro La Gran Vía de Colón de Granada. Reconstrucción del proyecto y obra de una cala urbana, 1891-1931, de la arquitecta Roser Martínez-Ramos e Iruela.
La iniciativa ciudadana Viña Viva busca el reconocimiento del patrimonio vitivinícola bollullero y del Condado de Huelva
Authors: Biedma Pérez Luis , Díaz Díaz María José , Díaz Valdayo Rafael , Medrano Corrales Isabel , Melado Mairena Emilio José , Raposo González Juan José
Published: February 2023

La tradición del cultivo de la vid para la elaboración de vinos y vinagres en el Condado de Huelva es inmemorial. Bollullos Par del Condado se encuentra en el corazón de sus viñedos tradicionales de secano; por ello, a lo largo de los siglos ha ido construyendo toda su historia y patrimonio cultural girando alrededor del trabajo en el campo y en el lagar. La cultura de la vid constituye el relato colectivo que va hilando las memorias de cada familia de este pueblo. Es su mayor riqueza comunitaria: Bollullos, pueblo de bodegas, pueblo de agricultores.
Los trabajos de las mujeres rurales de Canarias se visibilizan en un proyecto antropológico
Authors: Zelaya Álvarez Silvia Cristina , Pérez Amores Grecy
Published: February 2023

Mujeres, Archipiélago de Patrimonios es un proyecto que busca poner en valor los modos locales de entender el paisaje, la identidad y el patrimonio, desde los saberes de mujeres vinculadas con su territorio, resaltando la importancia de su papel como cuidadoras y también como creadoras de patrimonio en el archipiélago. El proyecto es una iniciativa de las antropólogas de la Universidad de La Laguna, Silvia Zelaya y Grecy Pérez Amores, cuenta con la colaboración de la artista plástica Eilyn Amores, ha sido financiado por el Instituto Canario de Desarrollo Cultural, el Cabildo de Tenerife y el Gobierno de Canarias y llevado a cabo desde la Asociación Cultural Periferia Creativa.
MANAJEMEN PRAKTIK KERJA INDUSTRI JURUSAN USAHA PERJALANAN WISATA
Authors: Prasetyo Ali , Somantri Manap
Published: February 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan manajemen praktik kerja industri jurusan usaha perjalanan wisata di SMK Negeri 1 Kota Bengkulu berkenaan dengan: Perencanaan, Pelaksanaan, Monitoring, Dan Evaluasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian komparatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan: Perencanaan praktik kerja industri di SMKN 1 Kota Bengkulu diawali dengan persiapan yaitu, pembentukan kelompok kerja atau panitia kerja. Pelaksanaan sudah dilaksanakan sesuai pedoman, yaitu : Pencarian atau pengajuan siswa, Penyerahan siswa, Kegiatan pelaksanaan dan penempatan siswa di Industri, monitoring, Penarikan siswa, Pelaporan dan penilaian. Monitoring dilakukan oleh guru pembimbing dan instruktur Industri. Evaluasi praktik kerja industri sudah dilaksanakan berdasarkan format pedoman. Tujuannya untuk mengetahui pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh guru selama proses pembelajaran di sekolah apakah telah berhasil atau belum dengan menghubungkan antara teori yang diperoleh di sekolah dengan dunia Industri
SUPERVISI AKADEMIK DAN PARTISIPASI GURU DALAM KEGIATAN MUSYAWARAH GURU MATA PELAJARAN (MGMP) TERHADAP KUALITAS MENGAJAR GURU SMK
Authors: Putr Ade Indriani , Danim Sudarwan
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui menganalisis pengaruh supervisi akademik dan partisipasi guru dalam kegiatan MGMP terhadap kualitas mengajar guru pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Penelitian dilakukan di SMK Kabupaten Kaur. Data penelitian didapatkan dari hasil penyebaran angket. Analisis data penelitian menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif supervisi akademik dan partisipasi guru dalam kegiatan MGMP terhadap kualitas mengajar guru pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di SMK Kabupaten Kaur. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan koefisien determinasi (Adjusted R Square) yang diperoleh sebesar 0,679
DISIPLIN GURU DALAM MELAKSANAKAN TUGAS PEMBELAJARAN DI MASA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Kastawi Kastawi
Published: February 2023

Tujuan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan kedisiplinan guru dalam melaksanakan tugas pembelajaran di masa pandemi Covid 19 dan mengetahui kendala yang dihadapi serta cara mengatasinya.  Metode deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Populasi penelitian guru se-kecamatan Talang Empat Bengkulu Tengah. Pengambilan data menggunakan angket dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data statistik deskriptif dan analisis data model Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kedisiplinan guru dalam melaksanakan tugas pembelajaran selama pandemi covid-19 berada pada kategori sedang. Dengan rincian kedisiplinan guru pada perencanaan, pelaksanaan, penilaian dan evaluasi pembelajaran semua pada kategori sedang. Kendala yang ditemukan (1) dari sisi guru,banyak guru yang tidak memiliki laptop, sinyal kurang memadai,keterbatasan pengetahuan dan praktik menggunakan platform belajar online; (2) dari sisi siswa, banyak siswa tidak memiliki HP android, sinyal kurang, keterbatasan kuota dan banyak siswa yang kurang pemantauan orang tua dalam pembelajaran PJJ. Upaya mengatasi dengan menggabungkan pembelajaran online dan offline, sekolah melaksanakan workshop bagi guru dalam pemanfaatan tekhnologi pembelajaran daring, dan pemberian kuota internet pada siswa dan guru
Bahaya Praktik Riba dan Etika Upaya Pencegahannya
Authors: Lestari Niken , Surya Adam
Published: February 2023

Dalam rangka memberikan penanganan dalam menghadapi bahaya riba maka etika bisnis atau akhlak dalam berbisnis sangat diperlukan. Karena  dalam berbisnis tidak hanya berhubungan secara horizontal saja yaitu kepada sesama manusia, tetapi dalam bermuamalah juga diharuskan ada hubungan  secara baik dalam vertikalnya. Etika bisnis tersebut diantaranya prinsip keimanan dan ketakwaan, niat yang tulus, berbudi pekerti luhur, usaha halal, menunaikan hak, mempelajari adab dan pengamalan muammalah Islam, menghindari segala transaksi yang dilarang syariat termasuk riba, dan menjaga komitmen. Etika dalam berbisnis sangat dibutuhkan bagi para pelaku usaha, karena dalam berbisnis kita tidak hanya memikirkan keuntungan tetapi lebih kepada kemashlahatan bersama, sehingga semua pihak akan merasa diuntungkan tanpa terkecuali.
Pengaruh Inflasi, Tingkat Suku Bunga, Nilai Tukar, PDB, Bagi Hasil Terhadap Deposito Mudharabah Bank Syariah Bukopin
Authors: Aliefah Anniesatun Nurul
Published: February 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh inflasi, suku bunga bank, nilai tukar, PDB dan tingkat bagi hasil terhadap jumlah deposito mudharabah Bank Syariah Bukopin. Data yang digunakan dalam penilitian ini adalah data triwulan tahun 2008-2015 yang diambil dari berbagai sumber. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan data sekunder dan dibantu dengan program SPSS 20.

Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa inflasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap deposito mudharabah yang ditunjukan dengan nilai sig. > α yaitu 0.725 > 0,05 dan t hitung -357. Variabel tingkat suku bunga  berpengaruh negatif terhadap deposito mudharabah yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai sig. 0.008 < 0.05 dan t hitung -2.943. Variabel bagi hasil berpengaruh signifikan terhadap deposito mudharabah dengan nilai sig. 0.001 < 0.05 dan nilai t hitung yaitu 3.708. Variabel nilai tukar tidak berpengaruh terhadap deposito mudharabah dengan nilai sig > α yaitu 0.71 > 0.05 dan nilai t hitung 1.910. Variabel PDB  tidak berpengaruh terhadap deposito mudharabah dengan nilai sig > α yaitu 0.71 > 0.05 dan nilai t hitung 1. 906. Nilai R2 adalah 0,770 yang berarti menunjukan bahwa variabel bebas dalam model regresi ini mampu menerangkan 77,0% varibel terikat dan sisanya dijelaskan variabel lain yang tidak termuat dalam model ini.
“Peran Fintech Syari’ah Untuk Pemulihan Ekonomi Masa Pandemi Covid-19” (UMKM di Indonesia)
Authors: Wulandari Novita , Mangole Annisa
Published: February 2023

Dampak dari wabah covid-19 membuat beberapa kegiatan bisnis mengalami perlambatan. Diperlukan lembaga lain yang dapat mendukung perkembangan UMKM di tengah wabah covid-19, salah satunya adalah fintech syariah. Paper ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan alternatif pendanaan menggunakan Financial Technology (Fintech) syariah untuk pemulihan UMKM yang terkena dampak dari Pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analisis dengan pendekatan kualitatif dimana pendekatan ini menjelaskan penelitian pada suatu subjek. Sumber data merupakan data sekunder yang diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan berupa jurnal, artikel berita, dan buku-buku yang berkaitan dengan penelitian. Data-data yang telah terkumpul akan diklasifikasikan, lalu diverifikasi apakah sesuai dengan penelitian dan selanjutnya dianalisis. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa selama masa Pandemi Covid-19 omset UMKM mengalami penurunan dan banyak UMKM yang tidak memiliki cadangan modal usaha. PT. Ammana bisa menjadi solusi permodalan masyarakat khususnya UMKM dan Fintech dapat membantu pengefektifan bantuan pembiayaan pemerintah dan sebagai parameter yang menunjukkan peningkatan literasi keuangan masyarakat, khususnya UMKM dalam mengakses pembiayaan serta transaksi keuangan.
Program Bantuan Rumah Tidak Layak Huni: Pengembangan Ekonomi Islam Pada Masyarakat di Desa Ringinanom
Authors: Budiyarsih Budiyarsih , Bayu Ahmad , Khoiriyah Siti , Wafirah Milna
Published: February 2023

Economic growth is the most important part of economic policy in a country or any economic system. This study aims to determine the development of the Islamic economy through the assistance of Uninhabitable Houses (RTLH). The method used in this research is a qualitative method. The number of community economic activities becomes the greatest potential to develop economic potential, therefore development is carried out openly and follows government regulations. Regional economic development refers to the main objective, to increase the number and variety of job opportunities for the local community. As an effort to increase Islamic economic development, the Ringinanom Village government distributed stimulus assistance for Uninhabitable Houses (RTLH) using the five basic principles of Islamic economics.
Incidence of Chronic Pelvic Pain in Females Attending a Gynaecology Outpatient Department
Authors: Shoukat Sadia , Tasneem Maria , Zahid Tehreem , Goolamnobee Jahooran Mariyah Bibi
Published: February 2023

Background and Aims: Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a persistent pelvic pain that
leads to reduced work performance and impaired quality of life in females. Nearly
15% of females report time off from paid work and around 45% report reduced
work productivity. There is a paucity of studies to address the issue, especially
with a multidisciplinary and multifactorial view. Various gynaecological disorders
are associated with CPP such as endometriosis, adenomyosis, adhesions, chronic
pelvic inflammatory disease, and pelvic congestion syndrome. The objective is
to determine the frequency of CPP in females attending gynaecologic outpatient
departments.
Materials and Methods: A total of 201 patients aged 14–48 years attending the
gynaecologic outpatient department for gynaecological disorders with complaints
of lower abdominal pain were included in this study. Patients enrolled in the study
were assessed by a detailed history and pelvic examination, and a structured
questionnaire was filled out. Data were analysed using the statistical package for
social sciences version 23.0 (International Business Machines Corporation, Armonk,
New York, USA).
Results: The mean age of the patients was 32.39±6.98 years. The frequency of CPP
in females was observed as 95.52% (95% confidence interval: 91.67–97.93%) The
rate of CPP was significantly high in females with parity ≤5 and those who had a
duration of pain lower than 36 months. In multivariate analysis, adjusted odds ratio
by stepwise logistic regression model showed that parity (parity 0–1) and duration of
pain (≤36 months) were significantly associated with CPP in females.
Conclusion: The study indicates that the most common gynaecological causes of
CPP in females attending the outpatient department were those with endometriosis
followed by adenomyosis. The management of CPP needs patient-centred care with
a multidisciplinary approach. This will lead to early and effective management.
Gene Delivery from Stents for Prevention of In-Stent Restenosis
Authors: Fishbein Ilia , Alferiev Ivan S. , Chorny Michael , Levy Robert J.
Published: February 2023

The increasing sophistication of vascular stent design, especially devices that combine mechanical support with local drug delivery to the vascular wall, has resulted in major progress in the management of coronary and peripheral artery disease. This progress is reflected in expanded anatomical and clinical indications for stent angioplasty, with complementary reduction in bypass surgery rates and decreased need for target-lesion revascularisation. Nevertheless, even with second-generation drug-eluting stents (DES), the most common cause of stent failure, in-stent restenosis, while <10%, generates high numbers of cases due to the large scale of stent use (there are >1 million stent angioplasty procedures yearly in the USA alone). Gene-eluting stents (GES), the next generation of stent devices now in the preclinical phase of development, have evolved over the past two decades around the concept of localised vessel wall delivery of gene vectors attached to the stent struts. GES potentially provide several important advantages over DES, such as prolonged or even permanent anti-restenotic effect, capacity to deliver dissimilar impact on smooth muscle cells and endothelium, and fine-tuning of transgene expression and pharmacological effect with systemically administered therapeutics. Furthermore, GES can be used for treating non-occlusive lesions with the aim of slowing the underlying atherosclerotic process in the vessel wall. GES research at this time is concerned with achieving effective and safe transgene overexpression in the stented arteries, optimal vector choice, and proper techniques for vector immobilisation on the stent struts.
Paediatric Metabolic Conditions of the Liver
Authors: Weledji Elroy P.
Published: February 2023

Paediatric metabolic disorders with the most clinical manifestations of deranged hepatic metabolism are discussed. The conditions which will be stressed are those for which effective treatment is available and early diagnosis is essential. Accurate diagnosis of other disorders for which no treatment is, as yet, available is also important as a guide to prognosis and for accurate genetic counselling. With the advancement in amniocentesis techniques there is a growing role for gene therapy. For selected metabolic disorders, paediatric liver transplantations have been successful.
ЩОДО ПИТАНЬ ГЕОДЕЗИЧНОГО ОБСТЕЖЕННЯ БУДІВЕЛЬ, ЩО ПОСТРАЖДАЛИ ВНАСЛІДОК ВОЄННОЇ АГРЕСІЇ РОСІЙСЬКОЇ ФЕДЕРАЦІЇ
Authors: Яковенко Михайло
Published: February 2023

Через постійні воєнні злочини російськихсолдатів на території України, зокрема і руйну-вання житлових та адміністративних будівель,одним з головних завдань на сьогодні длясфери будівництва є відновлення зруйновано-го фонду. Одним з етапів відновлення є обсте-ження технічного стану з метою виявленняпошкоджених конструкцій та перевірка уцілілихконструкцій. До процесу обстеження неод-норазово були залучені геодезичні підрозділиДП НДІБК для виявлення або спростуван-ня змін геометричних параметрів пошкодже-них будівель. Геометричні параметри можнаподілити на дві групи: зміщення від горизонталіта зміщення від вертикалі. Перші (зміщення відгоризонталі) – це відхилення від проектного поло-ження горизонтальних конструкцій (перекриття,балки) та будівель чи споруд в цілому. До такихвідхилень належать прогини, вигини, переко-си, осідання. Другі (зміщення від вертикалі) – цевихід з проектної вертикальної площини (крени,горизонтальні зміщення стінових панелей тощо).У публікації розглянуто технологію виконан-ня геодезичного обстеження за двома параме-трами (відхилення від вертикалі та горизонталі).Приведено результати визначення відхиленьграней кутів будівлі від вертикалі на трьохоб’єктах, що постраждали внаслідок воєнноїагресії РФ (вул. Чорнобильська, 9А, Київ; просп.Лобановського, 6А, Київ; вул. Чорновола, 15А,Чернігів). Розглянуто технологію зйомки виходуз площини стінових панелей об’єкту в Чернігові(вул. Бєлова, 37).Представлено графічні матеріали, на яких при-ведено результати зйомки відхилень граней кутівбудівлі та стінових панелей від вертикалі.Третя частина публікації наповнена матеріаломпро визначення прогинів плит/панелей перекрит-тя, представлено графічні матеріали за результа-тами геодезичного обстеження будівель (просп.Лобановського, 6А, Київ; вул. Чорновола, 15А,Чернігів; вул. Бєлова, 37, Чернігів).У публікації приведено актуальність інженерно-геодезичних робіт під час обстеження будівель,що зазнали руйнувань від воєнної агресії РФ.Інформація, отримана під час геодезичних обсте-жень, може сигналізувати про понаднормованівідхилення, що можуть призвести до аварійнихситуацій.
Оцінка технічного стану конструкцій водозливної греблі дніпровської ГЕС
Authors: Galat V V , Slyusarenko Yu S , Dombrovskyi Y , Shuminskii V , Mykolaiets V , Krylov Y
Published: February 2023

В статті розглянуті результати досліджень станубетону опор (биків) та поверхні водозливної гребліДніпровської ГЕС, що знаходяться тривалий часпід впливом природно-кліматичних чинників.Надійність та безпека гідротехнічних спорудгідровузлів повинні бути забезпечені в періодексплуатації, а також під час ремонту, реконструкції,консервації та їх ліквідації. Важливою задачеюгідроенергетики України є забезпечення безпекита надійності роботи гідротехнічних споруд, якішироко застосовуються в різних сферах водногота гідротехнічного господарства. Відмічена важ-лива роль Дніпровського каскаду в забезпеченнінадійної роботи об’єднаної енергетичної системиУкраїни.Наведені особливості роботи гідротехнічнихспоруд та дана коротка характеристика спо-руд Дніпровської ГЕС. Фахівці ДП НДІБК назамовлення ПРАТ «Укргідропроект» виконаливізуальне та інструментальне обстеження бетон-них конструкцій водозливної греблі ГЕС і зарезультатами обстежень дали оцінку їх технічногостану і можливості подальшого використання.Проводилось визначення глибини карбонізаціїбетону з боку верхнього і нижнього б’єфів та уверхній потерні. Оцінка міцності бетону виконува-лась із вибурюванням кернів та їх випробуваннямв лабораторних умовах в ДП НДІБК.Дослідження показали, що міцність бетону зчасом суттєво не зменшилася, незважаючи на те, що бетон знаходився тривалий час під впли-вом кліматичних чинників, а це свідчить проможливість бетонних конструкцій виконувати своїфункції після реконструкції та ремонтних робіт поїх відновленню.
Development of a geodynamic software module for assessing deformations of the earth's crust based on the geodetic measurements results
Authors:   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies, Dorogova I. E. , Dukhovnikov K. S. ,   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies
Published: February 2023

The article provides an overview of the capabilities of the free Python library Pycalculix containing a number of procedures for calculating deformations by the finite element method. The methods of creating a grid, shapes and order of elements for which the calculation of deformations can be performed are considered. The process of creating the software Defor(M)aster, the basic requirements for the interface, functionality and presentation of the results are described. The developed software for calculating the parameters of deformation of the Earth's crust based on the results of geodetic measurements has been tested. The reliability of the deformation parameters calculation for the control object was evaluated by comparing the results obtained in the developed software with the results obtained in the ELCUT software package. The analysis of the results indicates a similar distribution and good consistency of the two sets of deformation parameters. The directions of the improvement and software functionality expansion list of are formulated.
A new form of initial curvature scalar for calculating f(R) gravity
Authors: CHEN WEN-XIANG , Zheng Yao-Guang , Zhang Jing-Yi
Published: February 2023

Previous literature applied the RVB method to various black holes\cite{12,13,14,15} under general relativity. Therefore, whether the RVB complex coordinate system makes it difficult to calculate the temperature of many memorable black holes, it is found that the Hawking temperature of black holes under f(R) gravity can be easily obtained by the RVB method. In one of the works of literature\cite{16}, an attempt was made to apply the RVB method to calculate the Hawking temperature of a black hole under f(R) gravity. When calculating the Hawking temperature, we found a difference in the constant of integration between the RVB and the general method. In an article\cite{19}, a hypothesis was proposed. The form of the new gravitational constant concerning the curvature scalar is deduced in it. This paper concludes a new scalar form of initial curvature under f(R) gravity by combining those two pieces of literature.
Assessment of the sensitivity of thoracic injury criteria to subject-specific characteristics using human body models
Authors: Piqueras Ana , Iraeus Johan , Pipkorn Bengt , López-Valdés Francisco J.
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Chest deformation has been proposed as the best predictor of thoracic injury risk in frontal impacts. Finite Element Human Body Models (FE-HBM) can enhance the results obtained in physical crash tests with Anthropometric Test Devices (ATD) since they can be exposed to omnidirectional impacts and their geometry can be modified to reflect specific population groups. This study aims to assess the sensitivity of two thoracic injury risk criteria (PC Score and Cmax) to several personalization techniques of FE-HBMs.

Methods: Three 30° nearside oblique sled tests were reproduced using the SAFER HBM v8 and three personalization techniques were applied to this model to evaluate the influence on the risk of thoracic injuries. First, the overall mass of the model was adjusted to represent the weight of the subjects. Second, the model anthropometry and mass were modified to represent the characteristics of the post-mortem human subjects (PMHS). Finally, the spine alignment of the model was adapted to the PMHS posture at t = 0 ms, to conform to the angles between spinal landmarks measured in the PMHS. The following two metrics were used to predict three or more fractured ribs (AIS3+) of the SAFER HBM v8 and the effect of personalization techniques: the maximum posterior displacement of any studied chest point (Cmax), and the sum of the upper and lower deformation of selected rib points (PC score).

Results: Despite having led to statistically significant differences in the probability of AIS3+ calculations, the mass-scaled and morphed version provided, in general, lower values for injury risk than the baseline model and the postured version being the latter, which exhibited the better approximation to the PMHS tests in terms of probability of injury. Additionally, this study found that the prediction of AIS3+ chest injuries based on PC Score resulted in higher probability values than the prediction based on Cmax for the loading conditions and personalization techniques analyzed within this study.

Discussion: This study could demonstrate that the personalization techniques do not lead to linear trends when they are used in combination. Furthermore, the results included here suggest that these two criteria will result in significantly different predictions if the chest is loaded more asymmetrically.
Dendrobium officinale alleviates high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by modulating gut microbiota
Authors: Tian Gege , Wang Wei , Xia Enrui , Chen Wenhui , Zhang Shunzhen
Published: February 2023

Introduction

The gut microbiota plays an important role in the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This study investigated the preventive effect of Dendrobium officinale (DO), including whether its effect was related to the gut microbiota, intestinal permeability and liver inflammation.

Methods

A NASH model was established in rats using a high-fat diet (HFD) and gavage with different doses of DO or Atorvastatin Calcium (AT) for 10 weeks. Body weight and body mass index along with liver appearance, weight, index, pathology, and biochemistry were measured to assess the preventive effects of DO on NASH rats. Changes in the gut microbiota were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing, and intestinal permeability and liver inflammation were determined to explore the mechanism by which DO treatment prevented NASH.

Results

Pathological and biochemical indexes showed that DO was able to protect rats against HFD-induced hepatic steatosis and inflammation. Results of 16S rRNA sequencing showed that Proteobacteria, Romboutsia, Turicibacter, Lachnoclostridium, Blautia, Ruminococcus_torques_group, Sutterella, Escherichia-Shigella, Prevotella, Alistipes, and Lactobacillus_acidophilus differed significantly at the phylum, genus, and species levels. DO treatment modulated the diversity, richness, and evenness of gut microbiota, downregulated the abundance of the Gram-negative bacteria Proteobacteria, Sutterella, and Escherichia-Shigella, and reduced gut-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels. DO also restored expression of the tight junction proteins, zona occludens-1 (ZO-1), claudin-1, and occludin in the intestine and ameliorated the increased intestinal permeability caused by HFD, gut microbiota such as Turicibacter, Ruminococcus, Escherichia-Shigella, and Sutterella, and LPS. Lower intestinal permeability reduced LPS delivery to the liver, thus inhibiting TLR4 expression and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) nuclear translocation, improving liver inflammation.

Discussion

These results suggest that DO may alleviate NASH by regulating the gut microbiota, intestinal permeability, and liver inflammation.
Time is running out: Microsatellite data predict the imminent extinction of the boreal lynx (Lynx lynx) in France
Authors: Huvier Nathan , Moyne Gilles , Kaerle Cécile , Mouzon-Moyne Lorane
Published: February 2023

The Eurasian lynx reappeared in the French Jura Mountains, in the late 1970s, as the result of the dispersion of lynxes from the Carpathian region reintroduced in Switzerland in the early 1970s. Since then, the state of this population has remained poorly known. One estimate gives the number of individuals between 120 and 150. Opportunistic observation and monitoring suggest poor connectivity with the populations in Germany or in other parts of Switzerland. Forty years after its comeback in France, we could expect a higher number of individuals, but possible inbreeding depression as well as threats such as poaching and collisions with cars may explain the limitation of number of individuals observed and may lead to a new extinction of the specie in this region. We used 23 microsatellite markers and 78 DNA samples, collected between 2008 and 2020, to establish the genetic state of the French Jura Mountain lynx population. Our results show extremely low genetic diversity with an observed heterozygosity (Ho) of 0.36 and an effective population size (Ne) of 38.2. When comparing the source population (Carpathian), the inbreeding level is very worrying (Fe = 0.41). These results are among the lowest recorded for the Eurasian lynx. To avoid extinction, which we estimate will occur in approximately 30 years, we recommend the introduction of new genetic material. Although reintroduction is controversial, solutions such as the replacement of poached lynxes and the exchange of orphan lynxes between care centers are good initial actions for population strengthening. This offers a rapid intervention while studying solutions for more sustainable conservation
Unraveling the harmful effect of oxidative stress on male fertility: A mechanistic insight
Authors: Hussain Tarique , Kandeel Mahmoud , Metwally Elsayed , Murtaza Ghulam , Kalhoro Dildar Hussain , Yin Yulong , Tan Bie , Chughtai Muhammad Ismail , Yaseen Anjaleena , Afzal Ali , Kalhoro Muhammad Saleem
Published: February 2023

Male infertility is a widely debated issue that affects males globally. There are several mechanisms involved. Oxidative stress is accepted to be the main contributing factor, with sperm quality and quantity affected by the overproduction of free radicals. Excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) cannot be controlled by the antioxidant system and, thus, potentially impact male fertility and hamper sperm quality parameters. Mitochondria are the driving force of sperm motility; irregularities in their function may lead to apoptosis, alterations to signaling pathway function, and, ultimately, compromised fertility. Moreover, it has been observed that the prevalence of inflammation may arrest sperm function and the production of cytokines triggered by the overproduction of ROS. Further, oxidative stress interacts with seminal plasma proteomes that influence male fertility. Enhanced ROS production disturbs the cellular constituents, particularly DNA, and sperms are unable to impregnate the ovum. Here, we review the latest information to better understand the relationship between oxidative stress and male infertility, the role of mitochondria, the cellular response, inflammation and fertility, and the interaction of seminal plasma proteomes with oxidative stress, as well as highlight the influence of oxidative stress on hormones; collectively, all of these factors are assumed to be important for the regulation of male infertility. This article may help improve our understanding of male infertility and the strategies to prevent it.
Current and future prospective for battery controllers of solar PV integrated battery energy storage systems
Authors: Hasan Mustafa , Serra Altinoluk H.
Published: February 2023

Solar photovoltaic (PV) microgrids have gained popularity in recent years as a way to improve the stability of intermittent renewable energy generation in systems, both off-grid and on-grid, and to meet the needs of emergency settings during natural catastrophes. Over the last several decades, researchers have been interested in improving the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) systems. Solar-battery charge controllers based on various algorithms are continuously and intensively employed to improve energy transfer efficiency and reduce charging time. This paper presents state-of-the-art solar photovoltaic (PV) integrated battery energy storage systems (BESS). An overview of and motivations for PV-battery systems is initially introduced, followed by the survey methodology and its contributions. In addition, this study classifies residential solar PV systems and battery charge controllers with their corresponding references in the review structure, which also provides details on battery charger topologies. Subsequently, an analytical review of the PV-Battery charge controller and the failure probability of such systems is discussed to determine the system components that mostly fail and their importance in the system. Finally, recommendation amendments to the existing charge controller that potentially contribute to increasing the system efficiency, reducing the failure probabilities, and reducing the cost are presented as future design concepts for the entire system.
Energy recovery from wastewater in Mexico: A systematic review
Authors: Ortiz-Sánchez M. Fabrizio , Cuevas-Rodriguez Germán
Published: February 2023

The usage of fossil fuels to generate energy and the lack of wastewater treatment in Mexico are two issues that can be addressed at the same time while developing wastewater treatment technologies that incorporate energy recovery in their process train. We carried out a systematic review based on the PRISMA methodology to identify and review studies regarding energy recovery using wastewater as a substrate in Mexico. Peer-reviewed papers were identified through Scopus, Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar, using a timeframe of 22 years that represented from 2000 to 2022. After applying the selection criteria, we identified 31 studies to be included in the final review, starting from 2007. The kind of energy product, type of technology used, substrate wastewater, amount of energy produced, and main parameters for the operation of the technology were extracted from the papers. The results show that methane is the most researched energy recovery product from wastewater, followed by hydrogen and electricity, and the technology used to archive it is an up-flow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor to produce methane and hydrogen. In addition, microbial fuel cells (MFCs) were preferred to produce electricity. According to our data, more energy per kgCOD removed could be obtained with methane-recovering technologies in the Mexican peer-reviewed studies compared with hydrogen recovery and electricity production.
Expanding contraceptive choice among first-time mothers age 15–24 in Kinshasa: The Momentum pilot project
Authors: Gage Anastasia J. , Wood Francine Eva , Gay Rianne
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Evidence shows that an expanded range of contraceptive methods, client-centered comprehensive counseling, and voluntary informed choice are key components of successful family planning programs. This study assessed the effect of the Momentum project on contraceptive choice among first-time mothers (FTMs) age 15–24 who were six-months pregnant at baseline in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and socioeconomic determinants of the use of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC).

Methods

The study employed a quasi-experimental design, with three intervention health zones and three comparison health zones. Trained nursing students followed FTMs for 16 months and conducted monthly group education sessions and home visits consisting of counseling and provision of a range of contraceptive methods and referrals. Data were collected in 2018 and 2020 through interviewer-administered questionnaires. The effect of the project on contraceptive choice was estimated using intention-to-treat and dose-response analyses, with inverse probability weighting among 761 modern contraceptive users. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine predictors of LARC use.

Results

Project effect was detected on receipt of family planning counseling, obtaining the current contraceptive method from a community-based health worker, informed choice, and current use of implants vs. other modern methods. There were significant dose-response associations of the level of exposure to Momentum interventions and the number of home visits with four of five outcomes. Positive predictors of LARC use included exposure to Momentum interventions, receipt of prenatal counseling on both birth spacing and family planning (age 15–19), and knowledge of LARCs (age 20–24). The FTM's perceived ability to ask her husband/male partner to use a condom was a negative predictor of LARC use.

Discussion

Given limited resources, expanding community-based contraceptive counseling and distribution through trained nursing students may expand family planning access and informed choice among first-time mothers.
Predictive value of 18F-FDG PET/CT for evaluating the response to hypofractionated radiotherapy combined with PD-1 blockade in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Tang Shan , Zhang Yan , Li Yunfei , Zhang Yan , Xu Yuke , Ding Haoyuan , Chen Yue , Ren Peirong , Ye Hua , Fu Shaozhi , Lin Sheng
Published: February 2023

Purpose

This retrospective study aimed to investigate 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG)-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) as a predictor of response to hypofractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) combined with programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) blockade for lung cancer.

Methods

We included 41 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in this study. PET/CT was performed before (SCAN-0) and one month (SCAN-1), three months (SCAN-2), and six months (SCAN-3) after treatment. Using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer 1999 criteria and PET response criteria in solid tumors, treatment responses were classified as complete metabolic response (CMR), partial metabolic response (PMR), stable metabolic disease (SMD), or progressive metabolic disease (PMD). Patients were further categorized as those with metabolic benefits (MB; SMD, PMR, and CMR) and those without MBs (NO-MB; PMD). We analyzed the prognosis and overall survival (OS) of patients with new visceral/bone lesions during treatment. Based on the findings, we generated a nomogram to predict survival. Receiver operating characteristics and calibration curves were used to evaluate the accuracy of the prediction model.

Results

The mean OS based on SCANs 1, 2, and 3 was significantly higher in patients with MB and those without new visceral/bone lesions. The prediction nomogram for survival had a high area under the curve and a high predictive value based on the receiver operating characteristics and calibration curves.

Conclusion

18FDG-PET/CT has the potential to predict the outcomes of HFRT combined with PD-1 blockade in NSCLC. Therefore, we recommend using a nomogram to predict patient survival.
Mendelian randomization study shows a causal effect of asthma on epilepsy risk
Authors: Tang Peng , Guo Xingzhi , Chong Li , Li Rui
Published: February 2023

Objective

The relationship between asthma and epilepsy in observational studies is controversial. The purpose of this Mendelian randomization (MR) study is to investigate whether asthma causally contributes to epilepsy susceptibility.

Methods

Independent genetic variants strongly (P<5E-08) associated with asthma were from a recent meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies on 408,442 participants. Two independent summary statistics of epilepsy obtained from the International League Against Epilepsy Consortium (ILAEC, Ncases=15,212, and Ncontrols=29,677) and FinnGen Consortium (Ncases=6,260 and Ncontrols=176,107) were used in the discovery and replication stage, respectively. Several sensitivity analyses and heterogeneity analyses were further conducted to assess the stability of the estimates.

Results

Using the inverse-variance weighted approach, genetic predisposition to asthma was associated with an elevated risk of epilepsy in the discovery stage (ILAEC: odds ratio [OR]=1.112, 95% confidence intervals [CI]= 1.023-1.209, P = 0.012), but not verified in the replication stage (FinnGen: OR=1.021, 95%CI= 0.896–1.163, P =0.753). However, a further meta-analysis of both ILAEC and FinnGen showed a similar result (OR=1.085, 95% CI: 1.012-1.164, P = 0.022). There were no causal associations between the age onset of asthma and epilepsy. Sensitivity analyses yielded consistent causal estimates.

Conclusion

The present MR study suggests that asthma is associated with an increased risk of epilepsy independent of the age onset of asthma. Further studies are warranted to explain the underlying mechanisms of this association.
Phase separation in innate immune response and inflammation-related diseases
Authors: Ma Huihui , Liu Mingxi , Fu Rao , Feng Jia , Ren Haoran , Cao Jingyan , Shi Ming
Published: February 2023

Inflammation induced by nonspecific pathogenic or endogenous danger signals is an essential mechanism of innate immune response. The innate immune responses are rapidly triggered by conserved germline-encoded receptors that recognize broad patterns indicative of danger, with subsequent signal amplification by modular effectors, which have been the subject of intense investigation for many years. Until recently, however, the critical role of intrinsic disorder-driven phase separation in facilitating innate immune responses went largely unappreciated. In this review, we discuss emerging evidences that many innate immune receptors, effectors, and/or interactors function as “all-or-nothing” switch-like hubs to stimulate acute and chronic inflammation. By concentrating or relegating modular signaling components to phase-separated compartments, cells construct flexible and spatiotemporal distributions of key signaling events to ensure rapid and effective immune responses to a myriad of potentially harmful stimuli.
Persistent memory despite rapid contraction of circulating T Cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination
Authors: Taus Ellie , Hofmann Christian , Ibarrondo F. Javier , Gong Laura S. , Hausner Mary Ann , Fulcher Jennifer A. , Krogstad Paul , Kitchen Scott G. , Ferbas Kathie G. , Tobin Nicole H. , Rimoin Anne W. , Aldrovandi Grace M. , Yang Otto O.
Published: February 2023

Introduction

While antibodies raised by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines have had compromised efficacy to prevent breakthrough infections due to both limited durability and spike sequence variation, the vaccines have remained highly protective against severe illness. This protection is mediated through cellular immunity, particularly CD8+ T cells, and lasts at least a few months. Although several studies have documented rapidly waning levels of vaccine-elicited antibodies, the kinetics of T cell responses have not been well defined.

Methods

Interferon (IFN)-γ enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISpot) assay and intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) were utilized to assess cellular immune responses (in isolated CD8+ T cells or whole peripheral blood mononuclear cells, PBMCs) to pooled peptides spanning spike. ELISA was performed to quantitate serum antibodies against the spike receptor binding domain (RBD).

Results

In two persons receiving primary vaccination, tightly serially evaluated frequencies of anti-spike CD8+ T cells using ELISpot assays revealed strikingly short-lived responses, peaking after about 10 days and becoming undetectable by about 20 days after each dose. This pattern was also observed in cross-sectional analyses of persons after the first and second doses during primary vaccination with mRNA vaccines. In contrast, cross-sectional analysis of COVID-19-recovered persons using the same assay showed persisting responses in most persons through 45 days after symptom onset. Cross-sectional analysis using IFN-γ ICS of PBMCs from persons 13 to 235 days after mRNA vaccination also demonstrated undetectable CD8+ T cells against spike soon after vaccination, and extended the observation to include CD4+ T cells. However, ICS analyses of the same PBMCs after culturing with the mRNA-1273 vaccine in vitro showed CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses that were readily detectable in most persons out to 235 days after vaccination.

Discussion

Overall, we find that detection of spike-targeted responses from mRNA vaccines using typical IFN-γ assays is remarkably transient, which may be a function of the mRNA vaccine platform and an intrinsic property of the spike protein as an immune target. However, robust memory, as demonstrated by capacity for rapid expansion of T cells responding to spike, is maintained at least several months after vaccination. This is consistent with the clinical observation of vaccine protection from severe illness lasting months. The level of such memory responsiveness required for clinical protection remains to be defined.
Chemokines and chemokine receptors as promising targets in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Murayama Masanori A. , Shimizu Jun , Miyabe Chie , Yudo Kazuo , Miyabe Yoshishige
Published: February 2023

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that commonly causes inflammation and bone destruction in multiple joints. Inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF-α, play important roles in RA development and pathogenesis. Biological therapies targeting these cytokines have revolutionized RA therapy. However, approximately 50% of the patients are non-responders to these therapies. Therefore, there is an ongoing need to identify new therapeutic targets and therapies for patients with RA. In this review, we focus on the pathogenic roles of chemokines and their G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in RA. Inflamed tissues in RA, such as the synovium, highly express various chemokines to promote leukocyte migration, tightly controlled by chemokine ligand-receptor interactions. Because the inhibition of these signaling pathways results in inflammatory response regulation, chemokines and their receptors could be promising targets for RA therapy. The blockade of various chemokines and/or their receptors has yielded prospective results in preclinical trials using animal models of inflammatory arthritis. However, some of these strategies have failed in clinical trials. Nonetheless, some blockades showed promising results in early-phase clinical trials, suggesting that chemokine ligand-receptor interactions remain a promising therapeutic target for RA and other autoimmune diseases.
Association between inflammatory cytokines and symptoms of major depressive disorder in adults
Authors: Min Xue , Wang Genwei , Cui Yalian , Meng Peipei , Hu Xiaodong , Liu Sha , Wang Yanfang
Published: February 2023

Objective

This study investigated the association between inflammatory cytokines and major depressive disorder.

Methods

Plasma biomarkers were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analysis of baseline biomarkers in the major depression disorder (MDD) group and healthy controls (HC) group, and differences in biomarkers before and after treatment. Spearman analysis was performed to correlate baseline and after treatment MDD biomarkers with the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) total scores. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were analyzed for the effect of biomarkers on MDD and HC classification and diagnosis.

Results

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were significantly higher in the MDD group than in the HC group, while high mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1) levels were significantly lower in the MDD group. The AUCs for HMGB1, TNF-α, and IL-6 were 0.375, 0.733, and 0.783, respectively, according to the ROC curves. MDD patients with brain-derived neurotrophic factor precursor (proBDNF) levels were positively correlated with total HAMD-17 scores. The levels of proBDNF levels were positively correlated with the total HAMD-17 score in male MDD patients, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and interleukin 18 (IL-18) levels were negatively correlated with the total HAMD-17 score in female MDD patients.

Conclusion

Inflammatory cytokines are associated with the severity of MDD, and TNF-α and IL-6 have the potential as objective biomarkers to aid in the diagnosis of MDD.
Physical activity as a promising alternative for young people with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Towards an evidence-based prescription
Authors: Rochette Emmanuelle , Saidi Oussama , Merlin Étienne , Duché Pascale
Published: February 2023

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatic disease in young people. Although biologics now enable most children and adolescents with JIA to enjoy clinical remission, patients present lower physical activity and spend more time in sedentary behavior than their healthy counterparts. This impairment probably results from a physical deconditioning spiral initiated by joint pain, sustained by apprehension on the part of both the child and the child’s parents, and entrenched by lowered physical capacities. This in turn may exacerbate disease activity and lead to unfavorable health outcomes including increased risks of metabolic and mental comorbidities. Over the past few decades, there has been growing interest in the health benefits of increased overall physical activity as well as exercise interventions in young people with JIA. However, we are still far from evidence-based physical activity and / or exercise prescription for this population. In this review, we give an overview of the available data supporting physical activity and / or exercise as a behavioral, non-pharmacological alternative to attenuate inflammation while also improving metabolism, disease symptoms, poor sleep, synchronization of circadian rhythms, mental health, and quality of life in JIA. Finally, we discuss clinical implications, identify gaps in knowledge, and outline a future research agenda.