bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Healthy Eating among Public School Teachers in Kuwait
Authors: Kana''An Hashem , Saadeh Rami , Zruqait Ahmed , Alenezi Manar
Published: July 2021

Background

Healthy food is essential for strengthening the body and protecting it from diseases. Conversely, unhealthy food can cause severe diseases in children and adolescents. The present study aimed to assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice among teachers about healthy food and to examine the associated factors.

Design and methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire distributed to 300 teachers in the Hawalli and Al-Jahra educational areas in Kuwait over approximately six months in 2019.

Results

Those who participated in a course had significantly greater knowledge than those who did not (p=0.005). The respondents in Hawalli had a significantly lower mean attitude than Al- Jahrah teachers (7.9±1.5 vs 8.2±1.5, respectively; p=0.03).

Conclusions

Limited knowledge combined with a low level of positive attitude suggests an ongoing educational workshop should be established to promote healthy nutrition.
Ocular surface response to fibrin sealant versus vicryl suture for conjunctival closure after strabismus surgery
Authors: Anand Kamlesh , Goyal Gaurav , Goel Yashpal , Bansal Yuvika , Rastogi Anju , Jaisingh Kirti
Published: July 2021

PURPOPSE:

This study aims to evaluate the ocular surface response after strabismus surgery, using two different materials for conjunctival closure.

METHODS:

Randomized prospective comparative study was done. After performing strabismus surgery, conjunctival flap was apposed with fibrin sealant in Group 1 and 8-0 vicryl suture with buried knots in Group 2. Preoperative and postoperative measurement of tear film break up time and Schirmer test for tear secretion was done in both the groups of 30 patients each at regular follow-up visit up to 2 months. Postoperatively, both the groups were also compared for the resolution of discomfort and redness.

RESULTS:

Conjunctival recession was not seen in any group. Mean period was 5.8 days for resolution of discomfort (pain, lacrimation, and irritation) and 7.2 days for redness in Group 1 compared to 12 and 16 days in Group 2 (P < 0.05). During the study, we noticed significant decrease in tear film stability and increase in tear secretion in both the groups. However, in Group 2, the parameters were significantly more altered and even changes persisted for longer duration.

CONCLUSION:

Early rehabilitation of ocular surface might be related to unaltered healing process with the use of a biological substance (fibrin sealant) as compared to suture.
Spontaneous resolution of serous retinal detachment in preeclampsia
Authors: Limon Utku
Published: July 2021

A 24-year-old pregnant woman applied with 2 days of sudden vision loss. Funduscopy showed serous retinal detachment along in the right eye and tear was not found. In the left eye, there were two small subretinal fluid accumulationsThe patient was diagnosed with serous retinal detachment due to preeclampsia. Serous retinal detachment of the patient regressed spontaneously within 1 month. All pregnant women with gestational hypertension should undergo retinal examination.
Assessment of ganglion cell complex, macular thickness, and optic disc parameters in keratoconus patients
Authors: Orman Gözde , Fırat Penpe Gul , Doganay Selim , Doganay Derya
Published: July 2021

PURPOSE:

Keratoconus (KC) is bilateral noninflammatory corneal disorder characterized by progressive corneal thinning, protrusion, and scarring. The purpose of this study was to evaluate ganglion cell complex(GCC), macula thickness(MT) and optic head disc parameters in keratoconus patients.

METHODS:

A hospital based prospective clinical case series was performed in Inonu University School of Medicine. 52 eyes of 52 keratoconus patients and 50 eyes of 50 normal patients were enrolled.

RESULTS:

There is no statistically significant in MT between groups. GCC in nasal superior, temporal superior and temporal inferior 9 mm from macula were found statistically significant decrease in keratoconus group (p<0,05). In optic disc analysis fifth and the eleventh clock-hour quadrants of peripapiller retina nerve fiber layer and cup area ratio were found statistically significant decrease in keratoconic eyes (p<0,05).

CONCLUSION:

We thought that structural retinal changes seem in keratoconus eyes; keratoconus pathogenesis may affect not only cornea but also retina and optic nerve head.
Anomalous separation of the medial rectus muscle, abnormal separation into superior and inferior compartment, and surgical management
Authors: Alkharashi Maan
Published: July 2021

We describe a case of an anomalous separation of the medial rectus muscle in an 18-month-old female undergoing strabismus eye muscle surgery for partially accommodative esotropia. During surgery and after hooking the medial rectus muscle, it was noted that the width of the muscle tendon was shorter than usual and that the muscle insertion was displaced inferiorly, this prompt further exploration. It was found that the medial rectus muscle had an anomaly were it was seperated into two (superior and inferior) compartments which were 5 mm apart. This finding may further suggest the compartmentalization theory of the horizontal rectus muscles where the muscle is separated into two nonoverlapping superior and inferior zones, each working independently of the other. In this report, we present the case and suggest surgical technique that can be utilized to address this abnormality, along with the postoperative results.
Awareness and knowledge about glaucoma among patients attending outpatient clinics of Jordan University Hospital
Authors: Abu Hassan Diala W. , Alsibai Bilal A. , Alhouri Abdullah N. , Alhajeh Reda Y. , Suleiman Ahmad A. , Al Bdour Muawyah D.
Published: July 2021

PURPOSE:

To evaluate the level of awareness and knowledge about glaucoma among Jordanians and determine the relationship between glaucoma knowledge and selected variables.

METHODS:

This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted at a central hospital. Face-to-face interviews were performed to obtain sociodemographic data and information about glaucoma from Jordanian participants attending different outpatient clinics of Jordan University Hospital (JUH). A convenient sample of 488 participants aged 16 years and above were recruited. Consent form was signed by each participant before starting the interview.

RESULTS:

The mean age of the study population was 45.71 ± 15.44 years, ranging 16 to 89 years. There were 163 (33.4%) females and 325 (66.6%) males. 81.6% of participants had heard of glaucoma. Only 34.2% of participants defined glaucoma correctly. 52.4% of participants had a low level of knowledge about glaucoma. The main source of information was from family members, relatives, and friends (66.6%); however, this source inversely influenced the level of knowledge.

CONCLUSIONS:

The results of this study indicate a high level of awareness of glaucoma among Jordanians but low-to-average knowledge about it. Health education programs should be activated at all levels of health- and eye-care services to increase knowledge about glaucoma and prevent the irreversible loss of vision due to the second main cause of blindness worldwide.
The prevalence and predictors of refractive error among school children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alomair Raed , Alghnam Suliman A. , Alnasser Bashair N. , Almuhawas Hana A. , Alhoshan Saja A. , Altamimi Bashayer S. , Alshaye Rana M. , Almuayli Mohamad T. , Alokiliy Mazen K. , Alfawaz Waleed J. , Alghamdi Sultan K.
Published: July 2021

PURPOSE:

Refractive error (RE) is one of the most common ocular disorders among children worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of RE and possible risk factors among school children in Riyadh.

METHODS:

This is a cross-sectional study using data collected at various schools. To achieve the aim of the study, we selected a random sample of 850 school children aged 6–15 years. The examination was based on the RESC protocol and included full visual assessment. Furthermore, a questionnaire was sent to the parents of the participants to ascertain information about lifestyle factors. We constructed a logistic regression model to evaluate the predictors of RE.

RESULTS:

Close to a third of the children had a RE. Of those identified as having the condition, 60% did not wear glasses (newly diagnosed). Nearly all the children (95.4%) in our sample reported using electronic devices, according to parents. No association was found between using electronic devices and having a RE (P = 0.26). Doing outdoor activities was associated with 52% lower odds of a RE (odds ratio = 1.52).

CONCLUSION:

We found a higher prevalence of uncorrected RE than previously reported in other Saudi studies. About 60% of children who had RE were not wearing glasses, highlighting the need for a standardized school screening program for early detection and management. Outdoor activities were associated with a lower likelihood of having a RE. These findings might support initiatives to encourage outdoor activities among school children.
Oral Complications of Dental Prosthetic for Patients after Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy Treatment
Authors: Moshtaha Waseem
Published: July 2021

Introduction:

Chemotherapy‐ and radiotherapy‐induced oral complication represents a therapeutic challenge frequently encountered in cancer patients. This side effect causes significant morbidity and may delay the treatment plan, as well as increase therapeutic expenses. The current study aimed to measure possible changes in oral microflora in cancer patients wearing dentures before starting and within 3 and 7 days of the first course of chemo/radiotherapy. The researcher seeks to investigate the association between these changes and the distressing oral problems compared with control patients.

Material and Methods:

The current study performed based on the case-control design in which 46 cancer patients who wear dentures and meet the inclusion criteria were selected from 80 patients as cases or tested group. Another 46 cancer patients who did not wear dentures were matched to be the control group. Based on the international safety standard, the oral microflora of the buccal mucosa was collected and cultured from two saliva samples at T0 (before chemotherapy), T1 (the day after chemotherapy), and T2 (7 days after chemotherapy). A series of descriptive and MacNemar analysis and other statistical tests included independent and paired t-tests, chi-square, were performed to determine significance at P < 0.05.

Results:

The current study revealed that that 25 patients (54.34%) who developed plaque that consisted predominantly of saprophytic Gram-positive cocci (Streptococcus spp., Leuconostoc spp., Granulicatella spp. and Gemella spp.). By investigation, 15 of these patients underwent chemotherapy/radiotherapy (60%). The other 21 patients (45.66%) developed periodontal pathogens (F. nucleatum, P. gingivalis, Actinobacillus spp. and Pep. micros). Regarding time variation (T0, T1, and T2), no significant differences were reported in bacterial changes. Furthermore, the control group swabs showed that the bacterial count did not change significantly during the observation period and both qualitative and quantitative bacterial growth was not significantly differed from the case group.

Conclusion:

The results of the current study indicate that there were no significant changes in the growth of microflora observed in the dental plaque and wearing dental of cancer patients within 7 days of the first course of chemo/radiotherapy. Furthermore, no correlation observed between oral mucositis and specific microorganisms.
Relationships between Troponin I and Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy among Newborn Babies
Authors: Issa Amudalat , Abdulkadir Mohammed Baba , Ibraheem Rasheedat Mobolaji , Ibrahim Olayinka Rasheed , Bello Surajudeen Oyeleke , Suberu Habibat , Sanusi Ibraheem
Published: July 2021

Background:

A proper evaluation of cardiovascular status, with a view to ensuring early diagnosis of cardiac dysfunction and prompt intervention where necessary, is a recognized approach in the management of asphyxiated neonates. Hence, we determined the levels of a cardiac biomarker (troponin I), its relationship with disease severity, and mortality in asphyxiated neonates with hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).

Methods:

This was a descriptive study that involved 85 asphyxiated, term appropriate-for-gestational age newborn babies with HIE (subjects) and 85 healthy controls within the first 72 h of life. Asphyxiated neonates were classified into HIE stages using Sarnat and Sarnat staging. Blood samples were collected between 24 and 72 h of life to determine the level of troponin I using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The asphyxiated babies were followed up till discharge or death.

Results:

The median interquartile range level of troponin I in the subjects was higher compared with the controls, 1.26 (0.97–3.16) ng/ml versus 0.79 (0.79–1.42) ng/ml, P < 0. 001. The levels of troponin I in HIE I, HIE II, and HIE III were 1.26 (1.00–2.37) ng/ml, 1.11 (0.86–2.96) ng/ml, and 3.58 (1.34–5.58) ng/ml, respectively. Nonsurvivors had a higher cardiac troponin I (4.00 [2.30–6.34] ng/ml) compared with survivors (1.21 [0.95–2.37] ng/ml), P = 0.015.

Conclusion:

Cardiac troponin I was significantly higher in asphyxiated subjects compared with healthy controls. Elevated troponin I was associated with higher mortality. Troponin I levels in the first 72 h can help as a prognostic indicator of HIE in term babies.
Controlling non small cell lung cancer progression by blocking focal adhesion kinase-c-Src active site with Rosmarinus officinalis L. phytocomponents
Authors: Highland Hyacinth N. , Thakur Monica B. , George Linz-Buoy
Published: July 2021

Background:

Non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a global, fatal oncological malady to which conventional and targeted therapies proved less effective with consequent side effects; hence, phytocomponents from herbal sources may provide potent alternative and should be tested for cancer intervention. Activation and overexpression of proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase Src (c-Src) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) lead to cell proliferation and invasion. Hence, in the present investigation, in silico analysis was carried out to identify molecular intervention of phytocomponents in blocking the active site and thus inhibiting c-Src and FAK activation, which in turn could control progression of NSCLC.

Materials and Methods:

In silico analysis was carried out using Molegro Virtual Docker, Molegro Molecular Viewer, and ClusPro server for ligand–protein and protein–protein interaction study. Phytochemical analysis and assay for antioxidant activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Rosmarinus officinalis L. were carried out using standard phytochemical tests, high-performance thin-layer chromatography, and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay. Effectiveness of extract in arresting cell proliferation was confirmed using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on A549 cell line.

Results:

In silico analysis indicated effective binding of rosmarinic acid to the active site of target proteins FAK and c-Src, blocking their activity. MTT assay revealed potent antiproliferative activity of hydroalcoholic extract which acted in dose-dependent manner. Phytochemical analysis confirmed that the extract was rich in phytocomponents and had antioxidant activity of 94.9%, which could therefore effectively eliminate free radicals and inhibit cell progression.

Conclusion:

In silico and in vitro studies confirmed that phytocomponents present in hydroalcoholic extract of R. officinalis L. could effectively block the active site of target proteins and thus controlled cell proliferation on NSCLC cells, suggesting herb as an effective alternative medicine for the treatment of NSCLC.
Effect of coexisting adenomyosis on patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yilmaz Alpay , Cokmez Hakan , Gulbahar Aysegul
Published: July 2021

Context:

We sought to clarify the impact of adenomyosis on the clinical and pathological prognosis of endometrial cancer to aid the selection of appropriate surgical intervention based on the diagnosis of adenomyosis.

Aims:

Our study aimed to report the frequency of adenomyosis in patients with endometrioid cancer and correlate its incidence rate with the survival and prognostic factors.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective study included 357 patients. Patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma were divided into two groups based on the presence of adenomyosis. The groups were compared in terms of tumor diameter, lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI), low-high risk pathologic status, stage of the disease, and survival outcome.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Continuous variables were analyzed using the Student's t or Mann–Whitney U-test. Survival data were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier test.

Results:

The average age was similar between the two groups. In total, 47 (13.2%) of 357 patients had adenomyosis. A total of 43 (91.4%) cases with adenomyosis and 258 (83.2%) cases without adenomyosis had Stage I endometrioid adenocarcinoma (n = 301, 84.3%). Moreover, 32 (68.1%) cases with adenomyosis and 187 (60.3%) cases without adenomyosis were in the low-risk group. There was no statistically significant correlation between the risk groups (P = 0.309) and overall survival between the two groups (P = 0.416).

Conclusion:

No correlation was seen between the characteristics of endometrioid type endometrial cancer and survival rates in patients with or without adenomyosis. The impact of adenomyosis as a factor in evaluating the perioperative prognosis and planning postoperative adjuvant therapy for endometrial cancer should be assessed by further studies.
The importance of weight loss during definitive radiotherapy in patients with laryngeal carcinoma
Authors: Yurut-Caloglu Vuslat , Caloglu Murat , Turkkan Gorkem
Published: July 2021

Background:

The aim of this study is to determine the prognostic significance of weight loss (WL) on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with locally advanced unresectable laryngeal carcinoma undergoing definitive radiotherapy (RT) or chemo-RT (CRT) in a single institution.

Patients and Methods:

One hundred and thirty-two patients with newly diagnosed locally advanced laryngeal carcinoma were included in this study retrospectively. All patients were treated with definitive RT or CRT. The tumor and metastatic lymph nodes received 70 Gy. Subclinical disease (low-risk and high-risk area) was irradiated 50–60 Gy prophylactically. Unintentional WL ≥5% was defined as the “critical level.” Bodyweight was evaluated on the 1st day of RT and once a week during RT. Caloric needs were calculated as 25–30 kcal/kg/day.

Results:

Median follow-up was 17.8 months (range: 2.35–85 months). During treatment, there was a statistically significant WL in patients (P = 0.004). WL was ≥5% in 62 (47%) of the patients. There was a statistically significant relationship between WL and tumor differentiation (P = 0.004), completion of treatment (P = 0.004), WHO performance status (P < 0.0001), T stage (P = 0.003), N stage (P = 0.049), and supraglottic tumor location (P = 0.005). In the univariate analysis, WL, WHO performance status, T stage, N stage, tumor localization, and tumor differentiation, were seen to affect OS. Additionally, WL, WHO performance status, N stage, and tumor differentiation were prognostic factors for PFS. In the multivariate analysis, it was observed that only WL and WHO performance status were significant factors for both OS (P = 0.001, and P < 0.01) and PFS (P < 0.001, and P < 0.001), respectively. Three-year OS and PFS was 50.3% and 19.5% for patients with WL versus 77.8% and 49.0% for patients without WL.

Conclusions:

It is clear that WL has prognostic significance in patients who have undergone definitive RT or CRT due to locally advanced laryngeal carcinoma. In particular, it should be taken into consideration that patients with supraglottic tumor, lymph node involvement, and poor performance status are at greater risk for WL.
Biochemical and molecular anticancer approaches for Boerhaavia diffusa root extracts in oral cancer
Authors: Gunaseelan Dharani , Ali Mohamed Sharmila , Albert Abhishek , Prabhakaran Rajkumar , Beno Daniel Lysias , Nagarethinam Baskaran
Published: July 2021

Background:

Boerhaavia diffusa is a medicinal herb with anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immunomodulatory properties, found across India.

Aim and Objectives:

The present study is designed to investigate the therapeutic potential for B. diffusa root extracts in oral cancer cell line.

Materials and Methods:

The aqueous and methanolic extracts of B. diffusa were prepared using Soxhlet apparatus. In order to determine the phytochemical constituents of B. diffusa, the extracts were subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The antioxidant potential of B. diffusa extracts was assessed by 2,2-Diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl, ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power, catalase and peroxidase assays. The effective concentration of B. diffusa root on cell viability was analyzed by [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay. The ability of B. diffusa root extracts to modify the cell-cycle phases was performed by FACS analysis. The apoptotic inducing potential of B. diffusa in oral cancer cells was confirmed by acridine orange-ethidium bromide and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining. The protein profile of apoptotic processes was validated by the Western blot analysis; docking studies were also performed.

Results:

We observed that antioxidant activity was higher in B. diffusa methanolic extract compared with aqueous extract. The results showed that the methanolic and aqueous extracts of B. diffusa exhibited significant cytotoxic effect with IC50 value of 36 μg/ml and 30 μg/ml, respectively. The apoptotic DNA fragmentation and the apoptotic inducing potential in KB oral cancer cell line were higher for the methanolic extract compared with the aqueous extract. These results were also confirmed by in-silico analysis.

Conclusion:

The results indicate that extracts obtained from the roots of B. diffusa inhibit the progression of oral cancer. These compounds of pharmacological importance can be either used alone or in combination with other drugs to treat oral cancer.
Educational approaches for assessing knowledge about and actions of educators in response to dental avulsion
Authors: Lima Jacqueline , Caldarelli Pablo Guilherme , Rocha Juliana Schaia , Fagundes Tomazinho Flávia Sens , Fariniuk Luiz Fernando , Baratto-Filho Flares , Leão Gabardo Marilisa Carneiro
Published: July 2021

Background:

Dental trauma affects especially schoolchildren and adolescents. Educators, the responsible for the first appointment, have a fundamental role in the prognosis of dental avulsion that occurred in this environment.

Aim:

To evaluate the educational approaches for assessing knowledge and actions in response to dental avulsion among educators.

Settings and Design:

This cross-sectional and quanti–qualitative study included 197 teachers and 24 pedagogical coordinators (PCs), from the public schools of Pato Branco, Paraná, Brazil.

Methods:

A questionnaire was initially administered regarding the knowledge about avulsion to all participants. Teachers just read a manual and answered the questionnaire after 30 days. PCs were divided into (n = 12): G1 – manual + fictitious scenario of avulsion and G2 – active methodology + fictitious scenario. The questionnaire was re-administered to all.

Statistical Analysis:

Quantitative data were analyzed statistically. For the qualitative stage, two questions were proposed and the Bardin's analysis was performed.

Results:

For teachers, knowledge about avulsion increased after the intervention (P < 0.001), except as related to cleaning the tooth (P = 0.21). Activities involving G1 and G2 also led to an increase in knowledge, but no difference occurred in this increase between the approaches (P = 0.14). Qualitative analysis highlighted the need for calm and for performing actions that could favor a good prognosis in cases of avulsion.

Conclusions:

The level of knowledge increased after interventions, but no significant differences between the educational approaches were found.
The association between the salivary cortisol level of mothers, children's temperament, and early childhood caries
Authors: Abedizadeh Hossein , Faramarzi Mahbobeh , Khafri Soraya , Qujeq Qurdi , Ahangary Majid , Ghasempour Maryam
Published: July 2021

Background:

Multiple factors can affect early childhood caries (ECC). Maternal stress and child's temperament, as predictors of child behavior, are among factors that may be associated with ECC.

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the salivary cortisol level of mothers as an indicator of maternal stress, child's temperament, and ECC.

Methods:

Ninety preschool children, who were divided into three groups of ECC, severe ECC (S-ECC), and caries-free (CF), were included in this study, as well as their mothers with no history of anxiety disorders. The salivary cortisol levels of mothers were analyzed using ELISA assay. Children were examined for the evidence of caries, using the decayed-missing-filled teeth index, based on the World Health Organization standard criteria. Child temperament was also assessed, using Cloninger's Preschool Temperament and Character Inventory, consisting of seven significant factors (cooperativeness, harm avoidance, novelty seeking, reward dependence, persistence, self-directing, and self-transcendence).

Results:

The association between the salivary cortisol level of mothers and temperament of children with S-ECC was positive although it was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Of seven temperament factors, only harm avoidance was significantly different between the CF and S-ECC groups (P = 0.016).

Conclusion:

Maternal stress and child's temperament were not associated with ECC. Based on the present findings, children with less harm avoidance may be more prone to S-ECC.
Oral healthcare-related perception, utilization, and barriers among schoolteachers
Authors: Mohanty Vikrant , Jain Swati , Grover Shekhar
Published: July 2021

Background:

Health perceptions play an important part influencing health care utilization. Oral health messages and practices advocated by teachers can ensure better compliance by the students.

Aims and Objectives:

The present study aimed to assess qualitative insight regarding the perception and outlook of the school teachers understanding probable barriers regarding oral health care seeking behavior.

Materials and Methods:

Phenomenology type of qualitative research design was used amongst 44 school teachers of a Senior Secondary Government School of Delhi selected through convenient sampling. One to one in-depth interview was taken in 03 sections: demographic details, knowledge of oral health and its significance in life along with commonly followed and recommended oral hygiene practices and their views regarding barriers to oral health. Summative content analysis was conducted. Frequency distribution of the observed keywords was analyzed using SPSS version 21.

Results:

The mean age of teachers was 33.7 + 7.02 years (27-41 years). Every participant in the study felt that “oral health is integral part of overall health”. On inquiring the prime reason; it was quoted 'Awareness/affects general health' (15.2%) followed by 'Bad oral health affects academic performance' (9.6%). Regarding perceived barriers for dental service delivery l; the major roadblock perceived was “lack of awareness” (47.7%) followed by “financial barrier” (29.5%).Conclusion: The responses gave an insight regarding the basic need for further subject specific oral health education programs as a key for changing the current scenario. Future seminars and workshops remain the mainstream to appraise the knowledge for school staff.
Longitudinal evaluation of diastema closure in patients submitted to labial frenectomy in different phases of the mixed dentition
Authors: Pereira Rafael M.A , Helvécio Marangonn Jr , Tamara K Tamara , Alencar Cassio J.F , Cacio Moura-Netto , Anna Carolina V Mello-Moura
Published: July 2021

Background:

There is a controversy in the literature concerning the indications for frenectomy to treat interincisal diastema. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the spontaneous closure of the interincisal diastema in patients submitted to upper labial frenectomy (ULF) during the mixed dentition.

Materials and Methods:

Records from patients treated between 2009 and 2014 in the course of Pediatric Dentistry Surgery at Fundecto–USP were evaluated to select those that were submitted to ULF during the mixed dentition using the Chelotti technique. Initial clinic characteristics and radiographic data related to the abnormal upper labial frenum were collected. The patients were called for a return visit to evaluate the diastema closure. The prevalence of children with diastema reduction after the frenectomy was determined by descriptive analysis. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between exposure factors and diastema reduction.

Results:

From 449 eligible records, 53 were selected and 25 were in a return visit. It was not possible to find association between the exposure factors and diastema closure.

Conclusion:

There is no relation between the time of surgery intervention and diastema closure. However, the intervention during the mixed dentition led to a partial diastema reduction in 80% of the cases.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 and Dentistry
Authors: Kumar Gyanendra , Gugnani Neeraj , Rabea Dina , Odeh Ruba , Rehman Ferah , Mabrouk Rihab
Published: July 2021

COVID-19 was first reported in China, in November 2019 and since then the spread of this disease was so rapid that on March 11, 2020, it was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Due to the high transmissibility of the COVID virus and the associated morbidity and mortality, various International and National health authorities released different guidelines for day-to-day living, laying down “new norms” which has impacted our lives enormously. Although these guidelines seem to be convoluted but owing to some differences in the guidelines, it raises an ambiguity in the minds of dentists. Hence, we felt the need of this review to summarize different guidelines issued by various National health authorities for catering emergency and routine dental care. We included guidelines from CDC, ADA, NHS, India, UAE, Egypt, and Tunisia and compared and consolidated to reach a consensus that teledentistry is a good alternative to face-to-face management for nonemergency patients. Triage should be done for all patients coming to the health-care facility. Temperature and other vital parameters should be recorded in our daily practice. Antibacterial mouth rinses before the dental procedure can reduce the microbial load and therefore can alleviate transmission. To reduce indirect transmission through fomites on inanimate objects various waiting area changes must be ensured. Air conditioners can be used in well-serviced conditions with due care given to ventilation of the operatory after each patient. Strict disinfection protocols and personal protective equipment for dentist safety are mandatory.
Об R-двойственных по типу III последовательностях в гильбертовых пространствах
Authors: Fuhr Hartmut , Cheshmavar Jahangir , Akbarnia Ali
Published: July 2021

В статье продолжаются исследования Касаццы, Кутынека и Ламмерса, которые получили развитие в работах
Стоевой и Кристенсена. Получены новые характеризации R-двойственных по типу III последовательностей
в гильбертовых пространствах. Конструкция систематически расширена путем выбора антиунитарной инволюции
в качестве основы построения. Для некоторых классов R-двойственных по типу III последовательностей
ассоциированный фреймовый оператор выражен в терминах спектральных мер.
Операторы Дирака с сингулярными потенциалами, имеющими носители на неограниченных поверхностях в $\mathbb{R}^{3}$
Authors: Rabinovich Vladimir Samuilovich
Published: July 2021

Мы рассматриваем вопросы самосопряженности и существенного спектра трехмерных операторов дирака с ограниченными, регулярными магнитными и электростатическими потенциалами, а также с сингулярными потенциалами, имеющими носители на равномерно регулярных,
неограниченных поверхностях в $\mathbb{r}^{3}$.
O множестве непрерывности топологической энтропии семейства отображений отрезка, зависящих от параметра
Authors: Vetokhin Alexandr Nikolaevich
Published: July 2021

Рассматриваются семейства непрерывных отображений на отрезке, непрерывно зависящих от параметра.
Всякое $G_\delta$-множество, плотное в пространстве параметров, реализовано как
множество непрерывности топологической энтропии для подходящего семейства непрерывных отображений.
Portugueses no vale do café – indícios de formação de uma rede de sociabilidades
Authors: Mattos Raimundo César de Oliveira
Published: July 2021

RESUMO

Aos portugueses que aportavam no Brasil desde o século XVI foram impostas novas condições de vida às quais tiveram que se adaptar destacando-se, aqui, o período imediatamente seguinte à emancipação política e o da formação da boa sociedade do Vale do Paraíba Fluminense a partir da exploração cafeeira, formando redes de sociabilidades e estratégias de poder. Nesta região, durante o oitocentos, podem ser identificados alguns indícios dessas redes, mediante a análise de jornais, documentos privados e outros. É o que propõe o estudo realizado por esse artigo.

 

ABSTRACT

New life conditions were imposed to the Portuguese who landed in Brazil since the 16thcentury, conditions to which they had to adapt themselves, particularly, here, during the period that followed the political emancipation and the formation of the good society of the Paraiba Valley in Rio de Janeiro State based on thecoffee plantations, establishing webs of sociability and strategies of power. In this region, during the 1800s, some signs of these webs can be identified, through the analysis of newspapers, private documents and others. That is what is intended in the study carried on for this article.
Metodologia para definição da sub-rede de transporte de produtos perigosos em áreas urbanas
Authors: Da Costa Ely Emerson Santos , Ribeiro Paulo Cezar Martins
Published: July 2021

RESUMO

Em muitas cidades brasileiras não existe a menor indicação de rotas preferenciais para o transporte de cargas, estudo da demanda, estabelecimento de horários permitidos etc. Estas informações são elementos fundamentais para o bom funcionamento do serviço. No que se refere ao transporte de cargas, a categoria dos produtos perigosos possui características peculiares que devem ser estudadas de maneira diferenciada. Principalmente quando este transporte é feito em áreas urbanas. Este trabalho tem como objetivo criar uma metodologia para a definição de uma sub-rede para o transporte de produtos perigosos em áreas urbanas, utilizando dados da densidade populacional, meio ambiente, limite de velocidade e índice de acidentes. Utilizou-se o método de análise hierárquica e um sistema de informações geográficas específico da área de transportes.

 

ABSTRACT

In many Brazilians cities there is no indication of preferred routes for the transport of goods, study of demands, timetabling allowed etc. These informations are crucial to the operation of the service. Regarding the transport of goods the category of dangerous goods has characteristics that should be studied in a different way. Especially when this transport is done in urban areas. This work aims to create a methodology for definition of transportation of dangerous goods sub-network in urban areas, using data from population density, environment, speed limit and rate of accidents to choose the most suitable routes for the traffic of vehicles carrying dangerous goods. Were used the analytic hierarchy process and a geographic information system applied to transportation issues.
Utilização do corsim na escolha de uma alternativa para um corredor de tráfego congestionado
Authors: Moreira Rodolpho Barbosa , Da Costa Ely Emerson Santos
Published: July 2021

RESUMO

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de apresentar um estudo realizado na cidade do Rio de janeiro, onde foi utilizado um programa de micro-simulação na tentativa de escolher a melhor alternativa para uma via arterial primária, que faz a ligação do centro com a zona norte da cidade e que possui vários pontos de retenção nos horários de pico. Para a realização deste trabalho foram pesquisados os volumes de tráfego, os tempos de permanência dos ônibus nos pontos de parada e as suas frequências, os ciclos semafóricos adotados, entre outros dados que foram utilizados com intuito representar o cenário atual e as alternativas testadas para a solução do problema.

 

ABSTRACT

This paper aims to present a study carried out in the city of Rio de Janeiro, where a microsimulation program was used in an attempt to choose the best alternative for a primary arterial road, which connects the center with the northern zone of the city and has several stops at peak hours. To carry out this work we researched the traffic volumes, the dwell times of buses at stops and their frequencies, the traffic light cycles adopted, among other data that were used in order to represent the current scenario and the alternatives tested to solve the problem.
Growth and Export Potential of Horticultural Crops from India: An Overview
Authors: Rabha Lohita
Published: July 2021

Cultivation of horticultural crops is the best alternative for Indian agriculture as a farmer can achieve a higher return by exporting the produce. So the topic has been selected to analyze the trend in export performance of horticultural crops of India and to identify the major destinations of India for exporting fruits and vegetables. Data was entirely based on secondary sources, and the major analytical techniques like CAGR and CV were used to achieve the study’s objective. The trend in export of fresh fruit and vegetables both by quantity and value shows that walnuts have negative growth rate. Fresh mangoes have shown a negative growth rate (-4.50%) in terms of quantity. In the case of export of processed fruits and vegetables by quantity, Cucumber and Gherkins (Prepared & Preserved) have shown a negative growth rate (-2.21%) along with mango pulp (-5.48%). ’India’s primary market for fresh fruit and vegetables is United Arab Emirates. For processed fruit and vegetables, the major market are USA, Netherland, Saudi Arabia, and China. To emerge as a major exporting nation, India needs to produce surplus by cultivating high-value horticultural crops, improving cultivation practices, pre and post harvest management, storage, etc.
Economic Analysis of Irrigation Water under Different Water Use Regimes in Godavari Command Area
Authors: Sainath Banda
Published: July 2021

A study was undertaken in Karimnagar and Warangal districts falling under the Godavari command area of Telangana to analyze the economics of irrigation among the farm households across surface water (SW), groundwater (GW) and conjunctive use (CU) regimes. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and natural resource economics tools. The farms under CU realized higher net returns per acre (` 11792) followed by GW farms (` 8229) and SW farms (` 7516). There was also an enhanced savings to the extent of ` 10900 per acre due to reduction in the expenditure on human labour, machine labour, marketing and irrigation cost under CU regime when compared to GW regime. The per annum volume of surface water used in the case of SW farms and CU farms was 263 acre inches and 182 acre inches, respectively. Volume of water used in case of CU is less when compared to SW regimes. Annual cost of irrigation water per acre was found to be highest in GW farms (` 6916) when compared to SW (` 1284) and CU (` 4063) farms. This study has shown the potential benefits of CU regime over SW and GW regime.
"Farmers’ Prosperity Through ITC Based Farmers Awareness Programme: An Evidence of Gramin Krishi Mausam Sewa"
Authors: Sharma Shirish ,
Published: July 2021

The real-time availability of weather information plays a crucial role in agricultural production, food security, and sustainable production (Haile 2005; Rathore 2013; Pandey and Singh, 2019). Thus, any slight aberration in obtaining key weather parameters by the farming community can significantly disrupt the supply chain besides jeopardizing the lives and livelihood of millions of farmers. It is well established that weather parameters influence agricultural operations farm production and productivity, while weather aberration is an important reasonor crop loss in India (Chattopadyaya et al. 2011; Rao et al. 2015; Das et al. 2018). Most of the farmers lack real-time weather-related information to make specific decisions on cropping. Further, the weather-related data for a particular crop seldom available on a single platform (Kumar et al. 2015) though the ICT is rooted firmly. It may be concluded that agriculture and its activities are mostly depend upon weather parameters. The GKMS may create an effort to help the farming community to improve its decision-making. Farmers also adopt GKMS as a tool that may help them decide regarding farming activity. This weather based agromet advisory may also help the farming community to increase the yield as well as for the reducing the cost of cultivation of crops.
"Marketable and Marketed Surplus and Price Spread of Vegetables in Phek District, Nagaland"
Authors: Dukpa Praveen
Published: July 2021

Vegetables are part and parcel of the daily healthy human diet. There will always be a demand for the vegetables in the market; the supply side has to keep up with the demand. With this regard, the study was carried out in Phek district, Nagaland, where the production and marketing of vegetables are well recognized. Three primary vegetables, cabbage, beans, and potato, were selected for the study from twelve villages from the sample population of 300 farmers in 2016-2017. The study was carried out to find out the marketable, marketed surplus, and the price spread in the marketing of the selected vegetables. Three marketing channels were observed, where Channel I (Farmer to consumer) played a significant role in terms of net returns received by farmers, lower cost, and non-existence of price gap. The result shows that the production, marketable surplus, and marketed surplus of cabbage was found to higher than beans and potato. To enhance and boost up production and marketed surplus, it is recommended to prioritize Channel I, infrastructural development, and extension services.
Structural Changes in Basmati Rice Exports from India: A Markov Chain Analysis
Authors: S Shailza
Published: July 2021

Basmati rice is considered a “strategic“ agricultural export commodity from India and has consequently remained subject to a wide range of government interventions. Basmati rice is exported from India to many countries, especially to the Gulf and European countries. A steady increase in Bbasmati rice production, availability of buffer stocks, and growing demand for basmati rice in the international market made India a vital rice exporting country of the world. The present study explored the structural changes in basmati rice exports from India from 1991 to 2020. The stability in the importing partners of basmati rice from India was analyzed using first-order Markov chain analysis. The compound annual growth rate for the export quantity of basmati rice varied from 5.74 to 12.65 percent per annum. In contrast, the export value of basmati rice ranged between 4.40 to 21.06 percent per annum during the three selected decades. Further, the basmati rice export value showed higher instability than export quantity. Saudi Arabia, Iran, and the United Arab Emirates served to be the stable importers. In contrast, the United States and the United Kingdom served as the most unstable markets for Indian basmati rice according to the transitional probability matrix. Therefore, to reduce variability in exports of basmati rice, India should maintain long-term stable trading partners further to increase the export earnings.
Spatial Growth and Instability Analysis of Area, Production and Yield of Sugarcane in India
Authors: Singh Bhim ,
Published: July 2021

In the present study, spatial compound growth rates were estimated to know the growth pattern and instability in the area, production, and productivity of sugarcane in major sugarcane growing states of India. A secondary time series data of major sugarcane producing states of India like Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Gujarat, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, and Odisha for the period thirty years from 1990-91 to 2019-20 have been utilized for the present study. The compound growth rates were computed with the help of exponential function, and instability/variability has been computed by using techniques of co-efficient of variation and Cuddy Della-Valle Index method. Student’s t-test was applied to check the significant differences in area, production, and productivity trends using compound growth rates (CGR). CGR of sugarcane production was 1.13 per centpercent in India during the study period with a significant growth rate in area (1.12%) and yield (0.39%). The statistically significant instability in sugarcane production was high at 9.67 percent than area (7.20%) and yield (5.26%) in the study period. The state-wise compound growth rate of sugarcane production was positively significant in Madhya Pradesh (5.31%), Bihar (3.65%), Maharashtra (3.39%), Karnataka (1.42%), and Uttar Pradesh (1.36%). The highest negative growth rate was observed in Odisha (-5.45%) and Andhra Pradesh (-1.63%). The instability of sugarcane production was highest at 44.06 percent than area (36.66%) in Odisha and yield (14.80%) in Madhya Pradesh.
Avaliação da mortalidade por COVID-19 no Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Silva Diogo Leonardo Santos , Da Silva Alison Pontes , Silva Letícia de Oliveira , Silva André Alan Santos , Martins Glaucia Veríssimo Faheina
Published: July 2021

RESUMO

A doença do coronavírus 2019 afetou todos os estados da região Nordeste no tocante à mortalidade, com destaque para os estados de Sergipe, Ceará e Pernambuco que detiveram as maiores taxas brutas de mortalidade.

 

ABSTRACT

Coronavirus 2019 disease affected all states in the Northeast region in terms of mortality, with the states of Sergipe, Ceará and Pernambuco having the highest crude mortality rates.