bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Postoperative cerebral dysfunction: potential risk factors
Authors:   FSBI National Medical Research Center for High Medical Technologies — A. A. Vishnevsky Central Military Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Defense of Russia, Ivolgin A. F. , Litvinenko I. V. ,   FSBMEI HE Military Medical Academy named after S. M. Kirov of the Ministry of Defense of Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Russia, Tsygan N. V. ,   FSBMEI HE Military Medical Academy named after S. M. Kirov of the Ministry of Defense of Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Russia; NRC Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia; NRC Kurchatov Institute — PNPI, Gatchina, Leningrad Region, Russia, Mazur A. S. ,   FSBSI Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia
Published: July 2023

Over the past few years, a significant amount of clinical data have been obtained in international and Russian medicine,indicating that patients of the older age group with established cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and overweight, sometimes even with mild obesity, apparently have a more favorable clinical prognosis of short- and long-term survival in comparison with patients who have normal body mass index (BMI). This phenomenon has been described as the «obesity paradox», but the existence of this phenomenon remains a subject of controversy. Based on the National Medical Research Center for High Medical Technologies — A. A. Vishnevsky Central Military Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (Krasnogorsk), a singlecenter prospective study was conducted. The study involved 117 patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy (CEA) after a comprehensive examination. In our article, we presented the research data on the effect of the BMI factor on the risk of postoperative cerebral dysfunction (PCD) in CEA and summarized the results of recent studies concerning this phenomenon in patients with CVD. Taking into account the data of the conducted study and world research, it is possible to make several important conclusions. Firstly, normal BMI in older patients with established CVD and planned surgery, mainly on the cardiovascular system, may be a potential risk factor for postoperative complications. Secondly, in this cohort of patients, it may be necessary to revise the reference BMI range in order to prevent the development of PCD and form a clear algorithm for preoperative preparation, including the correction of risk factors.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder induced by psychostimulants, synthetic cathinones, or cocaine: a systematic review
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ryazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Ryazan, Fedotov I. A. , Volodin B. Yu. ,   FSBEI HE Ryazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Ryazan, Novikov V. V. ,   FSBEI HE Ryazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Ryazan, Leonov E. V. ,   FSBEI HE Ryazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Ryazan, Shustov D. I. ,   FSBEI HE Ryazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Ryazan
Published: July 2023

The aim of the article is to conduct a systematic review of the literature in order to summarize the available data on the frequency of occurrence, clinical features, predictors of prognosis, and effective approaches to the treatment of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders associated with influence of cocaine (code 6C45.72 according to ICD-11), psychostimulants (6C46.73), and synthetic cathinones (6C47.72). The analysis of scientific publications in the eLibrary, CNKI, PubMed, and Scopus databases was performed with keyword search. In accordance with the PRISMA recommendations, 12 articles were selected and included in the analysis. No articles with data on synthetic cathinones have been found. It has been found that the misuse of amphetamine increases the risk of OCD by about 3 times, methamphetamine — by 4 times, cocaine — by 2.5 times. In the presence of additional comorbidity, this risk increases even more: in HIV infection — by 13 times, in the presence of induced psychoses in the anamnesis — by 12 times. The initial presence of OCD also increases the risk of developing addictions. Such mutual influence may be associated with the overlap of these disorders at genetic level (the relative contribution of these factors is estimated at 56–68 %), at neural circuits level (a decrease in the connectivity of the orbitofrontal cortex and in D2‑dopamine activity in the striatum are characteristic of both disorders), and at a behavioral level (both disorders are characterized by a decrease in cognitive flexibility in the model of probabilistic reversal learning). Comorbidity of OCD and addictions deteriorates the social functioning of patients, but increases the duration of remissions. To improve the effectiveness of the treatment of such conditions, combined treatment, aimed at both OCD and addiction, is required. The clinical picture of OCD induced by the use of the studied group of substances may differ in the greater severity of obsessions of contrast contents and compulsive counting. Socio-demographic predictors of the risk of its occurrence were not found.
Complications and functional outcomes of microsurgical removal of arteriovenous malformations with preoperative endovascular embolization
Authors:   RSBHI Smolensk Regional Clinical Hospital,, Dmitriev A.V. , Eliava Sh.Sh. ,   FSAI N.N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Yakovlev S.B. ,   FSAI N.N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Kheyreddin A.S. ,   FSAI N.N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Pilipenko Yu.V. ,   FSAI N.N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Strunina Yu.V. ,   FSAI N.N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow
Published: July 2023

Background. Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are the most complex pathology in vascular neurosurgery. Collecting and summarizing data on the results of brain AVM treatment is extremely important.Objective. Analysis of complications and functional outcomes of the AVM microsurgery with preoperative endovascular embolization. Material and methods. The study included 56 patients with brain AVMs who underwent preoperative embolization at the N.N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery. The control group included 113 patients who underwent only microsurgical removal of AVM. Within the framework of this article, the features of preoperative embolization, such as radicality, timing and number of procedures, the choice of adhesive compositions, and the causes of functional deterioration and complications of the combined treatment are described. A comparative analysis of functional outcomes is performed by means of the pseudo-randomization method. Results. The radicality of AVM preoperative embolization was >75% in 21 patients (37.5%), 75-50% in 10 patients (17.9%), and <50% in 25 patients (44.6%), respectively. The average interval between embolization and surgery was 1.84 days (0-19 days). The mean 1.74 afferents (1-5 afferents) were embolized during one endovascular intervention. The radicality of the combined treatment of brain AVM was 98.2%; the lethality rate was 3.6% (2 cases). The functional outcomes of surgery in pseudo-randomization analysis did not differ statistically. In the discussion, the obtained results are compared with the published data. Conclusion. Preoperative endovascular embolization brings acceptable functional outcomes for complex brain AVMs; however, it has a risk of complications. Successful AVM treatment requires careful selection of patients and a multidisciplinary approach.
Dysphoric reactions and conditions
Authors:   Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, Pavlov Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Krylov V. I. , Zabrodina A. S. ,   SBHI City Psychiatric Hospital No. 6, Saint Petersburg
Published: July 2023

The article analyzes the existing approaches to the interpretation of the concept of dysphoria. The position of dysphoria in the general semiotics of mental disorders is discussed. Obligatory and eventual signs of dysphoric reactions and conditions are considered.
Results of transsphenoidal endoscopic removal of ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas
Authors:   FSBEI HE Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Saint Petersburg, Tikhonov K. V. ,   SBHI Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, Saint Petersburg, Cherebillo V. Yu. ,   FSBEI HE Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Saint Petersburg
Published: July 2023

The article presents the results of surgical treatment of patients who underwent endoscopic transsphenoidal adenomectomy for ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas in the Neurosurgical Department of the Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University from 2015 to 2022. The analysis of patients was carried out according to the following criteria: clinical manifestations of the disease, the nature of tumor growth according to the MRI study, positive results of surgical treatment, postoperative complications. Effective treatment of ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas is necessary as this tumor is associated with the development of Itsenko-Cushing's disease, and in the absence of adequate and timely treatment and in case of preservation of hypercorticism, the 5‑year mortality of these patients exceeds that of general population, reaching 50%.
Clinical and physiological aspects of the organization of functional pain systems (literature review
Authors:   FSBI National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after N. N. Priorov of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Muravieva N. V. , Krupatkin A. I. ,   FSBI National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after N. N. Priorov of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
Published: July 2023

An overview of current trends in the study of clinical and physiological aspects of the organization of functional pain systems is presented. The pathophysiological features of the physiological and pathological functional pain system are revealed. Topical issues in the study of pain, which remain relevant to date, despite the huge amount of research in this area, are highlighted.
Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis (a complex clinical case)
Authors:   FSBEI HE NOSMA, Vladikavkaz, Russia, Kumakhov А. А.
Published: July 2023

This article presents a clinical case of the development of Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis in a 60‑year old patient. The most important anamnestic data, the results of laboratory and instrumental studies, and various approaches to treatment are described. Several visiting consultations and boards of doctors were held to reach a final verdict. However,many specialists may still have some disagreements about the diagnosis, which makes this clinical case especially interesting.
Optimal extra-anatomical reconstructions of the carotid and vertebrobasilar basins (case reports)
Authors:   1FSBI 3rd Central Military Clinical Hospital named after A. A. Vishnevsky of the Ministry of Defense of Russia, Krasnogorsk, Fedyanin A. V. , Antonov G. I. ,   FSBI 3rd Central Military Clinical Hospital named after A. A. Vishnevsky of the Ministry of Defense of Russia, Krasnogorsk; FSAEI HE Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Chmutin E. G. ,   FSBI 3rd Central Military Clinical Hospital named after A. A. Vishnevsky of the Ministry of Defense of Russia, Krasnogorsk; FSAEI HE Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Chmutin G. E. ,   FSAEI HE Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Miklashevich E. R. ,   FSBI 3rd Central Military Clinical Hospital named after A. A. Vishnevsky of the Ministry of Defense of Russia, Krasnogorsk, Gladyshev S. Yu. ,   FSBI 3rd Central Military Clinical Hospital named after A. A. Vishnevsky of the Ministry of Defense of Russia, Krasnogorsk, Shumakov I. I. ,   1FSBI 3rd Central Military Clinical Hospital named after A. A. Vishnevsky of the Ministry of Defense of Russia, Krasnogorsk, Melnichuk S. V. ,   1FSBI 3rd Central Military Clinical Hospital named after A. A. Vishnevsky of the Ministry of Defense of Russia, Krasnogorsk
Published: July 2023

The paper considers a case of surgical treatment of a patient with a completed stroke in the brain stem in anamnesis and with a clinical picture of chronic vertebrobasilar insufficiency caused by combined occlusion of the right vertebral artery (VA), hypoplasia of the left VA, and pathological tortuosity of the right internal carotid artery (ICA). The patient underwent extra-anatomical reconstructive surgery: simultaneous lowering of the loop of the right ICA and its resection in the middle third with redressement and reimplantation in the proximal third of the ICA with the formation of the ICA-ICA end-to-side anastomosis and the subsequent creation of an end-to-side anastomosis between the free end of the resected ICA and the V3 segment of the right VA. In addition, a case of surgical treatment of isolated bifurcation of the common carotid artery (CCA) that occurs when the proximal CCA is occluded and the blood flow is maintained in the external carotid artery (ECA) and ICA is considered. These reconstructive surgical interventions for combined lesions of the main arteries of the head are safe and reliable methods for the treatment of chronic cerebral ischemia and effective prevention of recurrent ischemic strokes.
Dysmorphophobic disorders in patients with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa
Authors:   People's Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Medical Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Moscow, Russia, Okonishnikova E. V. , Bryukhin A. E. ,   People's Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Medical Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Moscow, Russia
Published: July 2023

Anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are manifested by cognitive, emotional and behavioral symptoms that disrupt the process of eating. They manifest in childhood, adolescence with a conscious restriction in food, and sometimes with a complete rejection of it, in order to correct imaginary fullness or sharply overestimated increased body weight. The psychopathological basis of AN and BN is the syndrome of dysmorphophobia or dysmorphomania, which is accompanied by a depressed mood, careful masking of both their experiences and body features, the desire to correct an imaginary defect in any way. The aim of the study was research pathological dissatisfaction with one»s own appearance and to evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of questionnaires to determine the degree of dissatisfaction with one»s own body and their impact on the affective state and quality of life of patients. Methods used in the study: clinical and psychopathological with anamnestic information from patients and their relatives and catamnestic observation data and psychometric. A study of 130 female patients with AN and BN aged 13 to 44 years showed the presence of symptoms characteristic of dysmorphophobic disorders in an absolutely overwhelming number of patients either in anamnesis or in the current mental state, as well as the degree of its influence on the affective state and quality of life. Dysmorphophobic disorders are axial in typical eating disorders — anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. The absence of obvious dysmorphophobic or dysmorphomanic symptoms makes it possible to distinguish atypical variants from typical cases of AN and BN, as well as to identify other eating disorders and eating behavior, followed by the use of individual forms of therapy. The study indicates the prevalence, severity, persistence of dysmorphophobic symptoms and its role in the manifestation, dynamics and outcomes in typical variants of eating disorders.
Systemic analysis of physiotherapy effects on patients with arterial hypertension
Authors:   Federal State Institution «Main Bureau of Medical and Social Expert Examination for the Chechen Republic» of the Ministry of Labor of Russia, Grozny, Russia, Abdurakhmanova R. Z. , Edelev D. A. ,   «ArbatKlinik», Moscow, Shabanova A. Sh. ,   A. I. Yevdokimov Moscow State Medical and Dental University, Moscow, Mammedova S. S. ,   A. I. Yevdokimov Moscow State Medical and Dental University, Moscow
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the study is a systemic analysis of the mechanisms of actualization of the therapeutic effects of transcranial magnetic therapy and phytocomplex in the treatment of patients with arterial hypertension. When studying the mechanism of action of physical factors, the emphasis was placed on the analysis of the dynamics of hormonal regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. A systemic analysis using the correlation adaptometry technique revealed that the integrating indicator for the studied metabolic parameters is the insulin resistance index, which most correlated with other parameters. In addition, it was found that in patients with arterial hypertension, the multiple correlation coefficient (in all parameters) was significantly higher than in healthy volunteers. During the application of combined physiotherapy, the role of the insulin resistance index as the center of the pathological correlation pleiade significantly decreased, which was accompanied by a pronounced hypotensive effect.
Non-drug comprehensive programs to correct nitrogen metabolism and microelement status in patients with urolithiasis in the early rehabilitation period after percutaneous nephroscopy
Authors:   PHI Railway Clinical Hospital «RZHD Meditsina» Rostov-on-Don, Gornostaev V. N. , Gurtskoy R. A. ,   PHI Railway Clinical Hospital «RZHD Meditsina» Rostov-on-Don
Published: July 2023

The article presents the results of a study of the features of the effect of non-drug comprehensive programs, including intravenous laser blood irradiation (ILBI) in combination with ozone therapy and light therapy, on the state of nitrogen metabolism and microelement status before and after percutaneous nephroscopy. Material and methods: 90 patients with urolithiasis aged 28 to 62 years, mean age 37.6±4.5 years, who were divided into three groups comparable in age, sex, and clinical and functional characteristics: group I included 30 patients who, against the background of standard therapy, received a course of intravenous laser blood irradiation (ILBI) and ozone therapy — 6 procedures of each in the preoperative period, and polarized light and ILBI — 6 procedures of each in the early postoperative period (from the second day after surgery); group II included 30 patients who underwent a course of intravenous laser blood irradiation (ILBI) and ozone therapy from the second day after surgery; group III involved 30 patients who received standard therapy after surgery: antispasmodics, antibacterial therapy, taking into account bacterial urine culture, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which served as a background in groups II and III. Results: It has been proven that the use of a 2‑course rehabilitation program, including intravenous laser blood irradiation (ILBI) and ozone therapy in the preoperative period and polarized light and ILBI in the early postoperative period from day 2 after percutaneous nephroscopy, contributes to the normalization of nitrogen and mineral metabolism in patients with urolithiasis with kidney stones after percutaneous nephroscopy to a greater extent than intravenous laser blood irradiation (ILBI) and ozone therapy used from the second day after surgery.
The role of a multidisciplinary approach in the rehabilitation of a cardio-oncological patient over 65 years old (a clinical case)
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery», Moscow, Russian Federation, Frolova Yu. V. , Korchazhkina N. B. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery», Moscow, Russian Federation, Tsatsurova S. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery», Moscow, Russian Federation, Bedzhanyan A. L. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery», Moscow, Russian Federation; Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University» (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Zhbanov I. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery», Moscow, Russian Federation, Mikhailova А. А. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery», Moscow, Russian Federation, Butenko A. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery», Moscow, Russian Federation, Kotenko K. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery», Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2023

Given the common risk factors and mechanisms of development, the radical treatment of colorectal cancer in patients with concomitant cardiovascular diseases (CVD) requires the integration of oncologists, cardiologists, and other specialists from related disciplines. For optimal monitoring of onco-cardiology patients, a multidisciplinary approach is required and, accordingly, the creation of professional cardio-oncological teams. The review presents a clinical case of surgical treatment of coronary heart disease and newly diagnosed adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon in a 75‑year-old patient. The features of the management and rehabilitation of the patient at all stages of inpatient surgical oncology treatment in a multidisciplinary surgical clinic are described.
Anti-aging technologies and physiotherapy innovations
Authors:   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, FSBI National Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation,Moscow, Kulikova N. G. , Nevskaya A. N. ,   Medical Cosmetology Center «Remake», Moscow, Al Zamil M. Kh. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Moscow
Published: July 2023

The aim of the study is to improve the quality of medical and aesthetic care for patients with age-related changes in the skin of the face and body by including injection carboxytherapy and platelet injection technique (PRP) in the treatment protocol. Material and methods. 81 patients (42 women and 39 men) with age-related involutive changes in facial skin were examined. All patients were examined using dermatological methods: corneometry, dermatoscopy, pH assessment, ballistometry and cutometry. All patients were randomized into comparison groups: the main group (20 patients) received injection carboxytherapy and platelet method (PRP), the control group (20 patients) did not receive methods of apparatus physiotherapy, two comparison groups (comparison-1, 20 patients) received injection carboxytherapy and (comparison-2, 20 patients) received the platelet method (PRP). Statistical data analysis was carried out in Microsoft Office Excel (2017) and SPSS statistical processing (PASW Statistics version, 2018). We used parametric (linear correlation method, Student's t-test) and non-parametric methods (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, unpaired Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test and paired Wilcoxon test). Differences were considered significant at p < 0.05. Results. After the complex therapy, a significant increase in the hydration index of the facial skin by 12.8±1.1 units, an increase in the level of elastin by 9.4±2.9 units was noted, which contributed to a decrease in the depth of wrinkles after the combined method of injection carboxytherapy and PRP - by 1.4 points.
Possibilities of remedial treatment of dermatological adverse events associated with cancer treatment using physical factors
Authors:   FSBI CPE Central State Medical Academy of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, Polonskaya A.S. , Shatokhina E.A. ,   FSBI CPE Central State Medical Academy of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation; FSBI Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Michenko A.V. ,   FSBI CPE Central State Medical Academy of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation; FSBI Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Syryseva A.Yu. ,   FSBI CPE Central State Medical Academy of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2023

Due to the improvement of oncologic services, optimization of surgical treatment methods, and the emergence of new approaches to systemic anti-tumor therapy, a gradual decrease in the mortality rate from malignant tumors has been observed. The changing clinical spectrum of side effects that develop during the treatment of malignant tumors determines the need to optimize approaches to remedial therapy. One of the most common side effects of drug and radiation anti-tumor therapy are dermatological adverse events. The use of physical factors is a promising area in supportive oncology, including with regard to dermatological side effects. This article presents a review of scientific publications devoted to the prevention and remedial treatment of dermatological side effects of anti-tumor therapy with the use of physical factors. The high safety profile of a number of techniques and their pronounced positive therapeutic effect, allowing for the continuation of life-saving drug and/or radiation therapy, are demonstrated. Optimization of approaches to accompanying physiotherapeutic treatment of dermatological adverse events and more active introduction into practical medicine of those methods of treatment that have already proven their effectiveness and safety are an essential scientific and practical task of modern medicine.
Application of high-intensity pulsed magnetotherapy in the medical rehabilitation of children with degree scoliose (methodological recommendations)
Authors:   GAUZ «Moscow Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Rehabilitation of Restorative and Sports Medicine» DZM, Moscow, Khan M. А. ,   GBUZ «Children’s City Clinical Hospital named after N. F. Filatov, DZM, Moscow,   Department of Restorative Medicine, Rehabilitation and Balneology, IPO FGAOU HE «First Moscow State Medical University named after I. M. Sechenov» of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Pogonchenkova I. V. ,   GAUZ «Moscow Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Rehabilitation of Restorative and Sports Medicine» DZM, Moscow, Vybornov D. Yu. ,   GBUZ «Children’s City Clinical Hospital named after N. F. Filatov, DZM, Moscow; Department of Pediatric Surgery N. I. Pirogov» of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Talkovsky E. M. ,   GAUZ «Moscow Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Rehabilitation of Restorative and Sports Medicine» DZM, Moscow, Kuyantseva L. V. ,   GBUZ «Children’s City Clinical Hospital named after N. F. Filatov, DZM, Moscow, Tarasov N. I. ,   GBUZ «Children’s City Clinical Hospital named after N. F. Filatov, DZM, Moscow, Koroteev V. V. ,   GBUZ «Children’s City Clinical Hospital named after N. F. Filatov, DZM, Moscow, Lvova A. V. ,   GAUZ «Moscow Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Rehabilitation of Restorative and Sports Medicine» DZM, Moscow
Published: July 2023

In the medical rehabilitation of children with scoliosis, a fairly wide range of physiotherapy technologies (sinusoidal modulated currents, interference currents, laser therapy, combined use of hypobarotherapy and electrical muscle stimulation, low-intensity magnetic therapy, biofeedback therapy) are used. At the same time, the search for the most effective methods of physiotherapy aimed at stimulating muscle tone, local blood circulation and metabolic and trophic processes in bone and muscle tissues continues. One of the promising methods is high-intensity pulsed magnetic therapy (HIMT), which is a therapeutic effect of a pulsed magnetic field (PMF) with a pulse repetition rate of about 0.5 Hz, a duration not exceeding several milliseconds and an amplitude reaching 1500 mT or more on the working surface of the inductor. The guidelines substantiate the use of this method in the medical rehabilitation of children with scoliosis of the II degree on the basis of the revealed favorable effect of a high-intensity pulsed magnetic field on the dynamics of the orthopedic status, strength endurance of the trunk muscles, cardio-respiratory parameters and microcirculation in children with scoliosis of the II degree. The effectiveness, necessity and expediency of including high-intensity pulsed magnetic therapy in the program of medical rehabilitation of children with II degree scoliosis has been proved. The methodological recommendations are addressed to traumatologists — orthopedists, physiotherapists, physical therapy doctors, physical and rehabilitation medicine doctors, reflexologists, pediatricians, and other specialists of medical organizations.
Effect of Biopipe Total Flowrate on Venturi Aerator Performance
Authors: Jasem Hayder , Khudair Kifah
Published: July 2023

There is a vacuum created when water goes past a pipe constriction. Air may be pulled into the main flow by drilling a hole in the pipe near where the vacuum happens. Venturi aerator is an example of the application in action. A vacuum is formed at the suction holes of the Venturi tube when there is a small difference in pressure between the input and output sides. To demonstrate the link between total flow rate and Venturi aerator performance, a Venturi aerator (model 1584) was introduced at a specific point in a Biopipe system. For this purpose, a physical model on a pilot scale was constructed and installed in an existing sewage treatment plant. Dissolved oxygen concentrations were measured at four locations along the Biopipe at different values of wastewater flowrates. The study results showed that raising the total flow rate increased the amount of air injected by the Venturi aerator. When the total flow rate was less than 4 m3/hour, the Venturi aerator stops sucking air and produces negative consequences.
Numerical Simulation and Optimization of Friction Stir Welding Parameters
Authors: Jasim Sadiq , Saleh Nathera , Jasim Raad
Published: July 2023

In this paper friction stir welding process has been studied whereby utilized FEM method (Ansys software ver. 20). The main effective parameter in this process were rotational speed, linear speed, tool shoulder radius, heat transfer coefficient and clamping percentage to study their influence on represent temperature, von misses stress and frictional stress distribution. Because of the difficulty to obtained the number of the simulation cases in order to get the most important results, Taguchi L27 orthogonal array was apply to reduce the total number of the simulation cases. Pure copper (t = 3.18 mm) material type was applied as work plate material. ANOVA statistical tool was utilized to achieved the optimization process after the simulation cases done. Percentage of contribution of each parameter can be obtained by ANOVA table and mean of S/N ratio plot. Validation process was achieved between the Current study and experiment work in the temperature distribution field with percentage of error 2.7 %. From optimization result It is found that the optimum condition in order to obtained good results for temperature was rotational speed of (450 rpm), linear speed (2.75 mm/s), tool shoulder radius (7 mm), heat transfer coefficient (300 w/m2 K), clamping distance percentage (40 %). And for von misses stress was rotational speed of (550 rpm), linear speed (3 mm/s), tool shoulder radius (7 mm), heat transfer coefficient (300 w/m2 K), clamping distance percentage (20 %). While for frictional stress was rotational speed of (450 rpm), linear speed (2.5 mm/s), tool shoulder radius (7 mm), heat transfer coefficient (300 w/m2 K), clamping distance percentage (30 %).
Thermo-Economic Analysis of Simple Cycle Steam Power Plant
Authors: Abed Mohammed , Sultan Hussein , Abood Falah
Published: July 2023

Thermal steam power plants represent the most important and dependable type for supplying the base load of electricity around the world. The thermos-economic analysis is an important tool for improving the performance of thermal steam power plants. In the present study, a thermo-economic analysis of a simple steam power plant for different boiler pressure was performed. The analysis comprises the energy, exergy, entropy, economics, and exergy-economic of a simple cycle steam power plant for different boiler pressure. The analysis was performed for a simple steam power plant with the constant output power of 10 MW and the boiler pressure is varied from 10 bar to 100 bar by a step of 10 bar. For each boiler pressure and constant output power, firstly, the fuel mass flow rate, steam flow rate, energy and exergy efficiency, and cost of electricity were calculated. Secondly, entropy generation, exergy destruction, and exergy efficiency for each component were calculated. Finally, exergy destruction economics for each component of the plant was performed. The results reveal that increasing the boiler pressure from (10 to 100 bar) for constant output power reduces the cost of electricity from (0.135 to 0.1025 $/kWh) due to a decrease in the fuel mass flow rate and an improvement in the thermal cycle and exergy efficiency. Also, when the boiler pressure increases, the exergy destruction for the pump increases, the exergy destruction for the boiler decreases, the exergy destruction for the turbine increases, and the exergy destruction for the condenser decrease.
An Experimental Study of Natural Convection Heat Transfer from a Horizontal and Slightly Inclined Plate-Fin Heat Sink
Authors: Khalaf Almustafa , Sultan Hussien , Abood Falah
Published: July 2023

The steady-state natural convection from heat sink fin arrays was studied on horizontal, vertical, and inclined heat sinks. Under natural convection, horizontal and vertical heat sinks with parallel fins were tested by considering radiation heat transfer. The experiments were conducted with power inputs ranging from 60 W to 455 W in order to obtain different temperatures. According to the result, when heat input increases, the heat transfer coefficient increases by 38 %, 40.78 % for horizontal and vertical respectively. For horizontal and vertical cases, new correlations have been presented to calculate the Nusselt number influenced by the Rayleigh number. For the incline case, the effect of buoyancy force was studied by changing the inclination angles at 0, 30, 45, and 60 degrees from vertical position. According to comparisons between vertical and incline cases, Nusselt number and heat transfer coefficient were most improved at 30 degrees by 6 %.
Experimental and Numerical Study the Linear Stress Analyses for the Prediction of Fracture Toughness of Ductile Material
Authors: Khudair Sara , Taha Atheed , Nassar Ameen
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this paper is to determine a stress intensity factor experimental and numerically in the linear region by using a CT specimen of ductile material with a thickness of 15 mm, a width of 30 mm, and pre-crack 1.3 mm this dimension according to ASTM-E399-12 [1], by pulling the specimen in a 600 kN universal testing machine at a very slow speed rate of 0.5 mm/min. The load is applied until the fracture is accrued, the computer-controlled universal testing machine gives the value of the load and the displacement transducer gives a crack mouth opening displacement. The result showed experimental KI is equal to 75.412 MPa√m, and numerical KI is equal to74.576 MPa√m, this test showed a very slight decrease in FEA stress intensity factor compared to that in an experimental result which means the stress intensity factor, KI remains very close between experimental and numerical with an error percentage of about (1.12 %). The finite element analysis provides the best approximation to true fracture toughness values, and it can be used to acquire close parameters if experimental testing is not possible.
Comparison Between Numerical and an Experimental Results of Pressure Drop in a Perforated Horizontal Wellbore with a 90° Perforations Phasing
Authors: Mustafa Mohammed , Rishack Qais , Abdulwahid Mohammed
Published: July 2023

This paper presented experimental and numerical studies to investigate pressure drop in perforation horizontal wellbore with a 90° phasing and 20 spm perforation density. The experimental apparatus has been constructed to calculate the static pressure drop and calculate the exit velocity in the horizontal pipe after mixing the axial flow with the radial flow through the perforations in the wellbore. The specifications of the wellbore used were the inner diameter is 44 mm, length is 2 m, and perforation diameter is 4 mm. For this objective, a simulation model was created in the wellbore using the ANSYS Fluent simulation software by using the standard k-ε model and applied to the (CFD) by changing the axial flow from (40-160) lit/min and constant inflow through perforations from range (0 - 80) lit/min. According to the study's findings, the increase in the radial flow through the perforations increases the total flow rate ratio and the total pressure drop and vice versa. In addition, an increase in the axial flow mixed with radial flow increases the total pressure drop, friction factor, and a decrease in productivity index. Furthermore, the percentage error of the total pressure drop between the numerical and experimental results in test 4 is about 3.83 %. It was found that the numerical and experimental results represented a good agreement about the study of the flow-through perforations at 90° angle in terms of pressure drop and productivity index, etc.
Improving of the Subgrade Soil using Chemical Additives
Authors: Khudhair Abbas , Shaia Hussein , Aodah Haider
Published: July 2023

Chemical additives were used in this research to improve the properties of the road subgrade layer. Cement, lime, and ferric chloride were used. Laboratory tests such as unconfined compressive strength, consistency limits, and wheel truck test were conducted. The results showed that adding these chemicals to the soil increases the ability of the soil to work, its resistance, and its durability. The optimum percentage of chemical additives that is suitable for the addition to the soil of Al-Nasiriya city were 9 %, 10 %, and 2 % corresponding to cement, lime, and ferric chloride, respectively. According to the unconfined compressive strength test and with increase curing period, which gave good results in improving the strength of the soil. As for the consistency limits, all additives reduced the liquid limit and plasticity index and increased the plastic limit, according to the wheel track test, at 10,000 passes the Rutting depth was 32 mm for natural soil, also the depths were (14, 19, and 17 mm) with chemical additives, respectively.
Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Hollow Core Slabs Cast with Self-Compacting Concrete Containing Recycled Concrete as Coarse Aggregate
Authors: Hassan Mustafa , Khudhair Jamal
Published: July 2023

This paper investigates the possibility of recycled aggregate use in concrete slabs with hollow cores. The main variables considered in the experimental study for the slabs were the recycled aggregate percentage and the hollow core number. Six slabs with dimensions of (1000 × 500 × 120) mm was fabricated and tested. The results showed that the addition of recycled aggregate in the concrete slabs affected the ultimate strength, ductility, and energy absorption of the concrete members. An increase of the recycled aggregate percentage to 25 % decreased the ultimate strength capacity by 3.54 %, but the increase of recycled aggregate to 50 % led to a decrease in the ultimate strength of about 6.64%. The existence of a hollow core reduced the cracking and ultimate load capacity of the RCA slabs, and this reduction was according to the core number which the fabrication of more cores caused more decrement. The ductility and energy absorption were decreased when the replacement ratio of the recycled aggregate increased. Also, the core number affected the ductility and energy absorption. The energy absorption was the most property affected by the core number increase which caused an average reduction of 71.5 % when the core number increased from two to three hollow cores.
Finite Element Analysis of Pushout Test for Stirrup Shear Connector
Authors: Lazim Hussein , Jasim Nabeel
Published: July 2023

This numerical study was conducted to simulate and analyze the pushout test for the new shear connector in a new steel-concrete composite system. In this system, the shear stirrups of the reinforced concrete beam are used as shear connectors when passed through holes drilled in the web of inverted steel T-section. The numerical analysis was performed by creating a three-dimensional finite element model using the finite element program ANSYS 21 student version to simulate the behavior of the new innovative shear connectors. The pushout specimens analyzed in this study have been tested experimentally by the same researchers earlier. A total of fifty-six push-out specimens were modeled and analyzed to investigate the effect of many parameters on the shear strength and slip capacity of the shear connector. The parameters studied in this investigation were the specimen dimensions (length and width), the diameter of stirrups (shear connector), the number of connectors per specimen, concrete strength, size of T-section, and shape of the specimen. The finite element analysis using ANSYS gave a good prediction of the effect of studied parameters on connector strength, the failure modes, the form and intensity of deformations in the model, and the load-slip response. The maximum difference in connector strength which was observed between the numerical and experimental results was 15 %.
Strength Characteristics of Clay Soil Reinforced with Natural Fibers
Authors: Abood Mazin , Shakir Ressol
Published: July 2023

The trend of using natural fibers in geotechnical engineering has become of great interest to improve weak soils due to some of its advantages such as local availability, environmental friendliness, and lower cost. In this study, a set of unconfined compression strength and direct shear tests were conducted to evaluate the performance of Al-Nasiriya clayey soil reinforced with natural fibers. Three different types of natural fibers were investigated as sustainable ones, including wheat straw fiber and palm frond fiber, as well as imperata cylindrica fiber. The effects of various fiber contents (0.25 %, 0.5 %, 0.75 %, and 1 %) and lengths (20 mm, 30 mm, and 40 mm) were experimentally evaluated. The results indicated that the compressive strength increased significantly with the increase of fiber content and length up to an optimum value and then decreased. The optimum fiber content and length were 0.5 % and 30 mm, respectively. Compared to the unreinforced soil, the compressive strength values at the optimum content and length increased by 102 %, 126 %, and 66 % for samples reinforced with wheat straw, palm fronds, and imperata cylindrica fibers, respectively. The shear properties improved due to soil reinforcement with natural fibers. Compared to the unreinforced soil, the internal friction angle of the samples reinforced with wheat straw, palm fronds, and imperata cylindrica fibers increased by 17.7 %, 42 %, and 9 %, respectively. Forever, the cohesion and shear strength are also improved due to inclusion of natural fibers.
Simulation of Interaction Between Groundwater and Surface Water in Safwan-Zubair Area, South of Iraq
Authors: Mnati Maher , Al-Aboodi Ali , Hassan Ayman
Published: July 2023

Groundwater in arid and semi-arid regions, such as the studied area (Safwan Al-Zubair area, south of Iraq), is of specific meaning as a major source for domestic use and irrigation demand. There is a need to better understand the interactions between groundwater and surface water (Shatt Al-Basrah Canal). These interactions can negatively affect the quality of groundwater in this area, especially that the water of Shatt Al-Basrah Canal contains highly concentrated pollutants. The aim of the study is to investigate the temporal disparity of river-aquifer interactions and count the amount of river interchange among canal and aquifer. In this research, a new concept of paradigm will be advanced utilizing RIVER package of Groundwater River Paradigm (MODFLOW) for the simulation of river-aquifer interaction operations. Six monitoring wells are chosen to evaluate the preliminary and historical groundwater hydraulic heads for six months and then use all collected data in Modflow to execute the simulation of numerical modeling to assessment the interaction between surface water and groundwater. The amount of seepage out from the canal towards the aquifer was (64.99 m3/day) in wet season (winter season), as a result of the high levels of the surface water compared to the hydraulic heads of groundwater. The amount of seepage in dry season towards the aquifer is equal to (336.8 m3/day).
Effect of Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanoparticles Additions on Corrosion Resistance for Zinc Coatings of Weathering Steel in Rainwater
Authors: Mohsin Dhurgham , Lieth Haider , Jabbar Murtadha
Published: July 2023

Zinc and its alloy coatings are commonly used to provide cathodic protection for weathering steel. However, the steel substrate corrodes faster than the Zinc coating because of the coating's negative corrosion potential. Many studies have examined Zinc and alloy coatings' resistance to corrosion. Hot-dip galvanizing, Electrodeposition, and Zinc-rich coat (ZRC) spray are just some of the methods that can be used to deposit such coatings. Commercially available 99.95 % pure Zinc oxide was used in the electroplating process in this investigation. Steel samples were plated in Zinc sulphate and Zinc oxide solutions and were controlled by different bath parameters such as voltage, current, pH, temperature, and coating time. The addition of hexagonal Boron Nitride (h-BN) nanoparticles has also shown significant improvements in corrosion resistance. However, Zinc-based coating techniques reinforced with h-BN incorporation show the best corrosion current density (Icorr) of Hot dip 2 % wt. (2.1 μA/cm2), ZRC 2.5 % wt., (4.4 μA/cm2), and electroplating 15.75 g/L (0.081 μA/cm2), which is an order of magnitude lower than coatings without h-BNs. The corrosion rates and current densities of Zn/h-BN coated layers were investigated in a controlled laboratory environment that mimicked natural conditions (Rainwater solution) by extrapolating polarization curves.