bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Foucault et le conflit démocratique : le gouvernement du commun contre le gouvernement néolibéral
Authors: Sauvêtre Pierre
Published: June 2015

Sur fond d’une critique du (néo)libéralisme, qui rend notamment inopérante l’idée de souveraineté populaire, l’article cherche à montrer qu’une conception de la démocratie intégrant le conflit doit être élaborée à partir du cadre théorique de la gouvernementalité. Il donne en ce sens comme critère de la démocratie l’existence d’une situation de gouvernementalités multiples. Il identifie enfin, comme alternative potentielle à la gouvernementalité néolibérale, le « gouvernement du commun » dont l’existence est aujourd’hui ce qui donne sens à la démocratie.
Les formes de la démocratie dans la philosophie sociale de Célestin Bouglé
Authors: Chaput Emmanuel
Published: June 2015

Philosophe et sociologue proche de Durkheim avec lequel il lancera L’Année sociologique, Célestin Bouglé (1870-1940) est surtout connu pour ses Essais sur le régime des castes (1908) et sa critique de l’anthroposociologie de Lapouge. Ses intérêts sociologiques demeurent toutefois indissociables de son attachement au républicanisme démocratique. En s’attardant sur la philosophie sociale de Bouglé, cet article vise à explorer la forme que prend la démocratie dans sa pensée politique et républicaine en s’attardant sur l’influence que Proudhon a pu exercer sur cette pensée. Cette influence semble conférer à la philosophie de la solidarité de Bouglé une dimension particulière par rapport à la pensée du père du solidarisme, Léon Bourgeois. Sans s’opposer à ce dernier, le solidarisme de Bouglé semble plutôt être une tentative de compléter le projet politique de Bourgeois par l’ajout d’une réflexion sur la question morale de l’expression de la solidarité dans la quotidienneté.
Malebranche à Genève : le De Inquirenda Veritate et sa Préface
Authors: Muceni Elena
Published: June 2015

Traduite en anglais et en néerlandais, la Recherche de la Vérité a aussi fait l’objet, du vivant de son auteur, d’une traduction latine, le De Inquirenda Veritate. Réalisée entre 1682 et 1683, cette traduction, effectuée à partir de la troisième édition de l’ouvrage de Malebranche, est due au travail de Jacques Lenfant (1661-1728), à l’époque étudiant en théologie à l’Académie de Genève. Cette entreprise atteste de manière significative la réception du malebranchisme à Genève dans les années 1680 et fournit un témoignage de l’accueil favorable que le monde intellectuel lié à cette Académie réformée a réservé à la doctrine cartésienne, frappée à la même époque par de nombreuses censures, tant dans le monde catholique que dans le monde protestant. La Préface que Jacques Lenfant a préparée pour le De Inquirenda Veritate, dont nous proposons ici la traduction française, illustre bien ces deux aspects. Elle présente en effet une sorte d’apologie du cartésianisme et propose une interprétation de la pensée de Malebranche comme une philosophie qui suit et porte à son accomplissement, à travers ses développements éthiques et théologiques, la doctrine de Descartes.
Les Marranes
Authors: Bensoussan Albert
Published: June 2015

Cet article propose une analyse historique, étymologique et philologique du mot marrano, ainsi qu’une brève étude de l’impact historique des Marranes. Ainsi, l’expression du marranisme dans le domaine littéraire sera abordée, à travers l’énigme « Duelos y quebrantos » dans Don Quichotte, la poésie burlesque d’Antón de Montoro, ou encore les œuvres de Mateo Alemán, où le marranisme devient vecteur romanesque dans Guzmán de Alfarache. Puis c’est la postérité des marranes et du marranisme qui sera abordée, avec les Xuetes de Majorque, l’œuvre d’Albert Cohen et l’évolution du concept sous la plume du sociologue Edgar Morin. L’auteur cherche donc à définir la trajectoire des marranes et du marranisme à travers les siècles et la pensée, jusqu’à nos jours.
La fábula esópica, los cuentos y los exempla del siglo xiv en el Baldo, un libro de caballerías del siglo XVI
Authors: Pastrana Santamarta Tomasa
Published: June 2015

Una obra renacentista como el Baldo da cabida en sus páginas a fábulas esópicas y cuentos medievales que se han ido transmitiendo y adaptando en el transcurso de los siglos. El autor encuentra en este tipo de narraciones una forma directa y sencilla de exponer enseñanzas para, de este modo, justificar la existencia de los libros de caballerías, en un momento en que se suscita la polémica debido a su «falta de verosimilitud». La presencia de estos cuentos es una reivindicación de su utilidad a la hora de transmitir contenido didáctico, así como de su posición legítima dentro del saber humanístico del momento. En este estudio se presentan algunas de las fábulas y anécdotas que se mencionan e intercalan en el Baldo, y que se encuentran también presentes en obras muy representativas del siglo xiv, con la finalidad de analizar los cambios de contenido, uso y composición que existen en ellas.
La forêt des convoitises : cent ans de politiques sociales, libérales et environnementales dans les Parcs nationaux du Mexique (1910-2013)
Authors: Lebreton Clotilde , Héritier Stéphane , Arnould Paul , Imbernon Jacques
Published: June 2015

L’histoire agraire et forestière du Mexique a conduit à la configuration d’un régime foncier forestier original fondé en partie sur la propriété collective. Les parcs nationaux mexicains présentent ainsi une situation singulière dans le contexte nord-américain, habitué à un propriétaire foncier unique, l’État fédéral. Ils constituent dans ce pays des entités territoriales d’une complexité législative, réglementaire, économique, politique et sociale considérable. L’héritage de la révolution mexicaine (1910-1917) a confié des droits aux communautés agraires souvent contestés par les politiques de conservation ou en opposition aux politiques libérales : d’un côté, les habitants des parcs se voient interdire certains usages, notamment forestiers, de l’autre, des entreprises concessionnaires privées ou para-publiques, se voient attribuer des droits d’exploitation. L’objectif de cet article est de reconstituer l’évolution des politiques de contrôle pour l’accès et l’utilisation des ressources forestières dans le Parc national du Nevado de Toluca et plus généralement dans les espaces naturels protégés du Mexique. Il analyse la manière dont s’est opérée la superposition des politiques publiques, tant à l’échelle nationale qu’à l’échelle du Parc. Le pluralisme légal conférant aux populations à la fois des droits agraires et des restrictions d’usage sur les ressources, est à l’origine des difficultés rencontrées dans la régulation des modes de gestion en présence et des problèmes plus généraux de gouvernance au sein d’espaces protégés mexicains.
Improved snow interception modeling using canopy parameters derived from airborne LiDAR data
Authors: Moeser D. , Stähli M. , Jonas T.
Published: June 2015

Forest snow interception can account for large snow storage differences between open and forested areas. The effect of interception can also lead to significant variations in sublimation, with estimates varying from 5 to 60% of total snowfall. Most current interception models utilize canopy closure and LAI to partition interception from snowfall and calculate interception efficiency as an exponential decrease of interception efficiency with increasing precipitation. However, as demonstrated, these models can show specific deficiencies within heterogeneous canopy. Seven field areas were equipped with 1932 surveyed points within various canopy density regimes in three elevation bands surrounding Davos, Switzerland. Snow interception measurements were taken from 2012 to 2014 (∼9000 samples) and compared with measurements at two open sites. The measured data indicated the presence of snow bridging from a demonstrated increase in interception efficiency as precipitation increased until a maximum was reached. As precipitation increased beyond this maximum, the data then exhibited a decrease in interception efficiency. Standard and novel canopy parameters were developed using aerial LiDAR data. These included estimates of LAI, canopy closure, distance to canopy, gap fraction, and various tree size parameters. These canopy metrics and the underlying efficiency distribution were then integrated to formulate a conceptual model based upon the snow interception measurements. This model gave a ∼27% increase in the r2 (from 0.39 to 0.66) and a ∼40% reduction in RMSE (from 5.19 to 3.39) for both calibration and validation data sets when compared to previous models at the point scale. When upscaled to larger grid sizes, the model demonstrated further increases in performance.
Solar wind energy input to the magnetosheath and at the magnetopause
Authors: Pulkkinen T. I. , Dimmock A. P. , Osmane A. , Nykyri K.
Published: June 2015

Using Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions During Substorms observations, we show that the efficiency of the energy entry through the magnetopause as measured by the Poynting vector normal component depends on the combination of the solar wind speed and the southward component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF): Most efficient energy transfer occurs when the IMF BZ is only moderately negative, and the solar wind speed is high. This means that for the same level of solar wind driver parameters (electric field, epsilon, or other), different combinations of V and BZ will produce different driving at the magnetopause. The effect is strongest for low to moderate driving conditions, while the influence is smaller for the intense space weather events.
A two‐way interaction between the Hainan plume and the Manila subduction zone
Authors: Mériaux Catherine A. , Duarte João C. , Schellart Wouter P. , Mériaux Anne‐Sophie
Published: June 2015

The interaction between mantle plumes and subducting slabs is well accepted, but the influence of slabs on plumes has more often been portrayed than the reverse. Here we present three‐dimensional upper mantle laboratory models in which a compositional plume rises underneath a subducting plate. Slab/plume buoyancy flux ratios ranged between 7 and 18. The models exhibit a two‐way interaction. While the plume conduit increasingly tilts away from the trench as a result of slab rollback‐induced toroidal mantle flow, the slab subduction rate decreases as a function of the amount of plume buoyancy opposing that of the slab, which gets subducted beneath the slab. We propose that our models apply to the Hainan/Manila system and explain the recently imaged tilt of the Hainan plume by the Manila slab‐induced mantle return flow. The Hainan plume could lessen the Manila subduction rate from 8 Ma into the future.
Asymmetric impact of Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation on El Niño and La Niña characteristics
Authors: Sung Mi‐Kyung , An Soon‐Il , Kim Baek‐Min , Kug Jong‐Seong
Published: June 2015

The long‐lasting cold surface conditions of North Atlantic, i.e., the negative phase of Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), can intensify the El Niño–Southern Oscillation through the enhanced air‐sea coupling under the increased central‐to‐eastern tropical Pacific mean sea surface temperature. However, the impact of warmer mean sea surface temperature (SST) is more efficient in the intensifying El Niño than La Niña, because of the nature of the exponential growth of atmospheric convection to SST change. Moreover, the farther eastward shift of the atmospheric convection during the negative AMO leads to the stronger El Niño due to the longer delayed negative feedback by oceanic waves. Therefore, the AMO mainly influences the El Niño intensity rather than La Niña intensity.
Microcrystalline cellulose as reactive reinforcing fillers for epoxidized soybean oil polymer composites
Authors: He Ming , Zhou Jianjun , Zhang Huan , Luo Zhenyang , Yao Jianfeng
Published: June 2015

Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and its oxidized product dialdehyde cellulose (DAC) were introduced as the reinforcing filler in epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) thermosetting polymer. The composites comprising up to 25 wt % cellulose fillers were obtained via a solution casting. The reinforcing effects of the cellulose were evaluated by microstructure analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis, and tensile and thermal stability tests. The results showed that at the same filler concentration, DAC led to higher stretching strength, modulus, and break elongation than MCC. The 5 wt % DAC loading in ESO polymer exhibits the highest toughness and thermal stability due to the good dispersion and interfacial interaction between DAC and ESO polymer matrix. The increased storage modulus and glass transition temperature also indicate the cellulose fillers impart stiffness to the composites. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42488.
Role of dual dopants in highly ordered crystalline polyaniline nanospheres: Electrode materials in supercapacitors
Authors: Boddula Rajender , Srinivasan Palaniappan
Published: June 2015

Aniline is oxidized by ammonium persulfate oxidant with a weak organic acid, 1,3‐(6,7)‐napthalene trisulfonic acid (NTSA), via an aqueous polymerization pathway to polyaniline (PANI) salt. The effects of the sodium lauryl sulfate surfactant, mineral acid [sulfuric acid (H2SO4)], and a combination of surfactant with mineral acid in the aniline polymerization reaction are also carried. These salts were designated as PANI–NTSA–dodecyl hydrogen sulfate (DHS), PANI–NTSA–H2SO4, and PANI–NTSA–DHS–H2SO4, respectively. Interestingly, PANI–NTSA–DHS showed a highly ordered crystalline sample with a nanosphere morphology. These PANIs were used as electrode materials in supercapacitor applications. Among the four salts, the PANI–NTSA–DHS–H2SO4 material showed higher values of specific capacitance (520 F/g), energy (26 W h/kg), and power densities (200 W/kg) at 0.3 A/g. Moreover, 77% of the original capacitance was retained after 2000 galvanostatic charge–discharge cycles with a Coulombic efficiency of 98–100%. PANI–NTSA–DHS–H2SO4 was obtained in excellent yield with an excellent conductivity (6.8 S/cm) and a thermal stability up to 235°C. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42510.
Bioconjugation of Serum Albumin to a Maleimide‐appended Porphyrin/Cyclodextrin Supramolecular Complex as an Artificial Oxygen Carrier in the Bloodstream
Authors: Kitagishi Hiroaki , Kawasaki Hiroki , Kano Koji
Published: June 2015

HemoCD is an inclusion complex of per‐O‐methylated β‐cyclodextrin dimer and an iron(II) porphyrin, which forms a stable O2complex in water. Therefore, hemoCD has the potential for use as a synthetic O2carrier in mammalian blood. In this study, a hemoCD derivative having a maleimide group (Mal‐hemoCD) was conjugated to a Cys residue of serum albumin via a Michael addition reaction in order to increase the circulation time of the O2carrier. The O2‐binding affinities (P1/2[Torr]) and half‐lives (t1/2[h]) of the O2adducts at pH 7.4 and 25 °C were determined to be 9 Torr and 23 h for Mal‐hemoCD, and 10 Torr and 14 h for albumin‐conjugated hemoCD (Alb‐hemoCD). Our pharmacokinetic study revealed that renal excretion of Alb‐hemoCD was effectively suppressed and that half of injected Alb‐hemoCD remained in blood at 3 h after injection. It is noteworthy that Mal‐hemoCD also had a long circulation time because of the bioconjugation reaction that occurred during circulation in the bloodstream.
Identification of AⅡ amacrine, displaced amacrine, and bistratified ganglion cell types in human retina with antibodies against calretinin
Authors: Lee Sammy C.S. , Weltzien Felix , Madigan Michele C. , Martin Paul R. , Grünert Ulrike
Published: June 2015

Antibodies against calretinin are markers for one type of rod pathway interneuron (AⅡ amacrine cell) in the retina of some but not all mammalian species. The AⅡ cells play a crucial role in night‐time (scotopic) vision and have been proposed as a target for optogenetic restoration of vision in retinal disease. In the present study we aimed to characterize the AⅡ cells in human retina. Postmortem human donor eyes were obtained with ethical approval and processed for calretinin immunofluorescence. Calretinin‐positive somas in the inner nuclear and the ganglion cell layer were filled with the lipophilic dye DiI. The large majority (over 80%) of calretinin‐immunoreactive cells is located in the inner nuclear layer, is immunopositive for glycine transporter 1, and shows the typical morphology of AⅡ amacrine cells. In addition, a small proportion of calretinin‐positive cells in the inner nuclear layer and in the ganglion cell layer is glutamic acid decarboxylase‐positive and shows the morphology of widefield amacrine cells (stellate, semilunar, and thorny amacrine cells). About half of the calretinin cells in the ganglion cell layer are bistratified ganglion cells resembling the small bistratified (presumed blue‐ON/yellow‐OFF) and the G17 ganglion cell previously described in primates. We conclude that in human retina, antibodies against calretinin can be used to identify AⅡ amacrine cells in the inner nuclear layer as well as widefield amacrine and small bistratified ganglion cells in the ganglion cell layer. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:39–53, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Analysis and improvement of a fair remote retrieval protocol for private medical records
Authors: Deng Jiang , Xu Chunxiang , Wu Huai , Chen Jie
Published: June 2015

Cloud computing, as a new‐generation IT architecture, offers an applicable approach for the medical storage and exchange in electronic health networks. However, it also brings the security and privacy concerns because patients lost physical control of their health information. Therefore, it is critical to maintain fairly retrievable to the private medical records over suspicious cloud servers. Wang proposed a fair remote retrieval (FRR) model to enable an independent third party to secure that it is integrated and retrievable to outsource private medical records. One distinctive feature of FRR is to support and address the medical tangle between hospitals and patients, and employ a committee to recover the necessary original data. Unfortunately, FRR cannot ensure the integrity of the remote medical records as claimed. Specifically, a malicious cloud server could cheat the verifier that its medical information were well‐maintained. But in fact, it only holds the hash values of the original data. Moreover, it can generate a valid but malicious response without being detected by the verifier, and all the medical records are discarded with the help of tag queries. Finally, we present an improved protocol named an improved fair remote retrieval protocol (IFR)2 to fix the security minor faults with preserving all the properties of FRR. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Screening of carcinoma metastasis by flow cytometry: A study of 238 cases
Authors: Acosta Maria , Pereira José , Arroz Maria
Published: June 2015

Background: Malignant epithelial cells may be detected in different specimens, by immunophenotyping using flow cytometry (FCM). CD326 (epithelial‐specific antigen, clone Ber‐Ep4) was used to identify epithelial cells, CD45 to discriminate between leucocytes (positive for this antigen) and non‐hematological cells (negative for this antigen), and CD33 to identify monocytes/macrophages. This combination is particularly useful in effusions to characterize large cells and distinguish between monocyte/macrophages (CD45+ CD33+ CD326‐), mesothelial cells (CD45 ± (dim) CD33 − CD326‐) and epithelial cells (CD45 − CD33 − CD326 +). We evaluated the efficiency of flow cytometry to detect malignant epithelial cells in 238 fresh samples, including effusions, lymph node biopsies, fine needle aspirates, bone marrow aspirates, cerebrospinal fluid, among others. These are specimens expected to lack epithelial cells. FCM results were then compared to the results of smear and cell block morphology, as well as immunocytochemistry on paraffin wax embedded cell blocks, when available. Final diagnosis was the gold standard and a very good sensitivity (96.7%) and specificity (99.3%) were obtained. We concluded that the detection of CD326 positive cells using FCM is strongly indicative of the presence of carcinoma cells. © 2015 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Self‐stigma of seeking treatment and being male predict an increased likelihood of having an undiagnosed eating disorder
Authors: Griffiths Scott , Mond Jonathan M. , Li Zhicheng , Gunatilake Sanduni , Murray Stuart B. , Sheffield Jeanie , Touyz Stephen
Published: June 2015

Objective

To examine whether self‐stigma of seeking psychological help and being male would be associated with an increased likelihood of having an undiagnosed eating disorder.

Method

A multi‐national sample of 360 individuals with diagnosed eating disorders and 125 individuals with undiagnosed eating disorders were recruited. Logistic regression was used to identify variables affecting the likelihood of having an undiagnosed eating disorder, including sex, self‐stigma of seeking psychological help, and perceived stigma of having a mental illness, controlling for a broad range of covariates.

Results

Being male and reporting greater self‐stigma of seeking psychological help was independently associated with an increased likelihood of being undiagnosed. Further, the association between self‐stigma of seeking psychological help and increased likelihood of being undiagnosed was significantly stronger for males than for females.

Discussion

Perceived stigma associated with help‐seeking may be a salient barrier to treatment for eating disorders—particularly among male sufferers. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:775–778)
Temporal dynamics of seed excretion by wild ungulates: implications for plant dispersal
Authors: Picard Mélanie , Papaïx Julien , Gosselin Frédéric , Picot Denis , Bideau Eric , Baltzinger Christophe
Published: June 2015

Dispersal is a key process in metapopulation dynamics as it conditions species' spatial responses to gradients of abiotic and biotic conditions and triggers individual and gene flows. In the numerous plants that are dispersed through seed consumption by herbivores (endozoochory), the distance and effectiveness of dispersal is determined by the combined effects of seed retention time in the vector's digestive system, the spatial extent of its movements, and the ability of the seeds to germinate once released. Estimating these three parameters from experimental data is therefore crucial to calibrate mechanistic metacommunity models of plant–herbivore interactions. In this study, we jointly estimated the retention time and germination probability of six herbaceous plants transported by roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), red deer (Cervus elaphus), and wild boar (Sus scrofa) through feeding experiments and a Bayesian dynamic model. Retention time was longer in the nonruminant wild boar (>36 h) than in the two ruminant species (roe deer: 18–36 h, red deer: 3–36 h). In the two ruminants, but not in wild boar, small and round seeds were excreted faster than large ones. Low germination probabilities of the excreted seeds reflected the high cost imposed by endozoochory on plant survival. Trait‐mediated variations in retention time and germination probability among animal and plant species may impact plant dispersal distances and interact with biotic and abiotic conditions at the release site to shape the spatial patterns of dispersed plant species.
A novel way to understand plant species preferences in relation to groundwater discharge conditions using a trait‐based approach
Authors: van der Knaap Yasmijn A. M. , Douma Jacob C. , Aerts Rien , van Ek Remco , van Bodegom Peter M.
Published: June 2015

Groundwater discharge sites harbour characteristic and often rare plant communities that differ substantially from groundwater recharge sites. It is not known which abiotic conditions at these sites drive the differences in community composition. A trait‐based approach, which relates species traits to abiotic conditions, may provide insight in this relationship and improve conservation management of these characteristic communities. We used this approach to identify the following: (i) dominant abiotic conditions that shape plant communities at discharge sites and (ii) characteristic traits associated with these abiotic conditions. First, we performed a (qualitative) literature survey to relate plant traits to various abiotic conditions at discharge sites. Second, we performed a meta‐analysis to quantitatively test the trait selection at discharge sites. For the meta‐analysis, we compiled a species discharge preference database (n = 170), based on literature and field data. We performed linear regression to relate traits to species discharge preference. Only 5 out of the 11 traits tested (low leaf phosphorus content, high leaf N:P, low rate of clonal reproduction, low maximum height and high seed mass) were significantly related to discharge preference, while the explained variance was low (R2 < 0.09). Our results suggest the following: (i) Despite the inclusion of traits specifically related to prevailing local environmental conditions, beyond commonly applied traits, hardly any differences were revealed; this indicates a need for more comprehensive eco‐physiological understanding (and information on the selection of combinations of traits). (ii) A trait‐based approach may not be highly distinctive in environments differing in only a few specific characteristics. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Resveratrol ameliorates chronic high altitude exposure‐induced oxidative stress and suppresses lipid metabolism alteration in rats
Authors: Xu Chunlan , Qiao Xiangjin , Zhao Yanfei , Sun Rui , Shang Xiaoya , Niu Weining
Published: June 2015

High altitude affects energy metabolism. Resveratrol is the natural compound that activates sirtuins, which produce beneficial effects on lipid metabolism. The study was conducted to investigate the role of resveratrol in lipid metabolism of rats exposed to a high altitude hypoxia environment. Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into control, resveratrol (30 mg/kg B.W./d) (Res), high altitude hypoxia (HH), and high altitude hypoxia + resveratrol (30 mg/kg B.W./d) (HH+Res) groups. Rats in HH and HH+Res groups were placed in a hypobaric chamber at a stimulated elevation of 4500 m for 30 days. Plasma lipid profile, antioxidant indexes, key enzyme activities, lipid metabolism‐related genes, and hypoxia‐inducible factors (HIFs) expression were evaluated. Results showed that resveratrol alleviated hypobaric hypoxia‐induced enlargement of lung and spleen, and decreased serum malondialdehyde (MDA), plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) and cholesterol (CHOL) contents, increased liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and Sirtuin 1 (Sirt‐1) expression levels, and decreased liver MDA and triglyceride (TG) levels compared to the HH group. Moreover, resveratrol increased fat hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) activity, and suppressed fat Acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACC), Carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT‐I) and fatty acid synthetase (FAS) activity. In addition, resveratrol decreased liver CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ), and hypoxia inducible factor‐1 alpha and hypoxia inducible factor‐2 alpha (HIF‐1α and HIF‐2α) expression levels compared to the HH group. In conclusion, resveratrol can effectively ameliorate high altitude hypoxia‐induced oxidative stress and alteration of lipid metabolism, which is associated with the HIF signaling pathway.

Practical applications: Resveratrol may be a feasible agent for ameliorating high altitude‐induced oxidative stress and lipid metabolism dysfunction. Moreover, the HIF‐mediated alterations in genes involved in fat metabolism (Srit1, C/EBPα, and PPARγ) may be targets to prevent and treat lipid metabolic disease under a high altitude hypoxia environment.

Resveratrol can effectively ameliorate high altitude hypoxia‐induced oxidative stress and alteration on lipid metabolism. Moreover, the HIFs‐mediated alterations in genes involved in fat metabolism (Srit1, C/EBPα and PPARγ) may be targets to prevent and treat lipid metabolic disease under high altitude hypoxia environment.
Tectonics, sedimentation and surface processes: from the erosional engine to basin deposition
Authors: Castelltort Sébastien , Whittaker Alex , Vergés Jaume
Published: June 2015

This special issue collects a number of papers mainly reflecting discussions during the ‘tectonics, sedimentation and surface processes’ sessions (TSSP) organized at recent EGU conferences (2012, 2013, 2014), as well as related studies that have appeared in Earth Surface Processes and Landforms over the last two years. The sedimentary record has long been used to invert for deformation at all scales and in all tectonics settings. Growth strata, sediment provenance, sequence stratigraphy and changing depositional environments have all provided first‐order constraints on quantifying deformation at a range of spatial and temporal scales. At the same time, these studies have motivated much work on the influence of tectonics on both sedimentation patterns and basin fill successions. However, relatively few studies have considered the whole integrated system of catchment erosion, fluvial transport and sediment deposition together, often concentrating on either the basin or the catchment separately. Recently however, methodological progress in quantifying rates of surface processes in the upstream erosion and transfer zones, as well as revived interest in the couplings between surface processes, tectonics and climate, have made it possible to renew our understanding of the interactions between sedimentation and tectonics within the framework of the whole integrated sediment routing system. Although the studies within this special issue are only a fraction of the work presented over the last five years of the TSSP sessions, the manuscripts presented here reflect a selection of the broad content and diversity of studies that integrate both sedimentation and surface processes to understand deformation in the context of sedimentary systems. They highlight and are organized into three active challenges of the field: (1) tectonics and climate into landscapes; (2) signal propagation within sediment routing systems; and (3) modeling of tectonic and surface processes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In‐Silico Template Selection of In‐Vitro Evolved Kalata B1 of Oldenlandia Affinis for Scaffolding Peptide‐Based Drug Design
Authors: Senthilkumar B. , Kumar Prakash , Rajasekaran R.
Published: June 2015

Structural stability of Oldenlandia affinis cyclotide, kalata B1 of native (1NB1) and two mutants 2F2I ([P20D, V21K] kB1) and 2F2J ([W19K, P20N, V21K] kB1) was investigated. Single model analysis showed high number of intra‐molecular interactions followed by more proportion of beta sheet contents in [P20D, V21K] kB1 as compared to that of native and the other mutant of kalata B1. Further, the modern conformational sampling approach, an alternate to classical molecular dynamics was introduced, which revealed that the [P20D, V21K] kB1 was identified as structurally stable one, substantiated by various structural events viz., root mean square deviation, root mean square fluctuation, and angular deviation by Ramachandran plot. Moreover, the statistically validated contours of polar surface area, hydrogen bond distribution and the distance of disulfide bridges also supported the priority of [P20D, V21K] kB1 with respect to stability. From this work, it is proposed that the [P20D, V21K] kB1 (2F2I) could be the best template for scaffolding peptide based drug design. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 66–73, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Analysis of functional outcomes in patients with mandible reconstruction using vascularized fibular grafts
Authors: Sakuraba Minoru , Miyamoto Shimpei , Fujiki Masahide , Higashino Takuya , Oshima Azusa , Hayashi Ryuichi
Published: June 2015

Backgrounds

Although a vascularized fibular graft (VFG) is the favored method for mandible reconstruction, only few functional reports have been published. In this study, surgical outcomes and functional results after mandible reconstruction were analyzed.

Patients and methods

From 1999 through 2010, oromandibular defects after segmental mandibulectomy were reconstructed with VFG in 101 patients. Operative outcomes and subjective functional evaluation was performed. Of these, 44 patients could be evaluated for functional outcomes, and bite force was measured with an occlusal force meter in 24 patients.

Results

Major surgical complications required secondary revisional surgery developed in four patients. A normal diet was possible in 37 patients (84.1%), and a soft diet was possible in 7 patients (15.9%). Conversational ability was rated as excellent in 42 patients (95.5%). The mean bite force on the nonaffected side of the mandible was 187.7 N, and bite force decreased as the number of osteotomies in the VFG increased. Furthermore, bite force was significantly lower (P = 0.001) on the affected side (58.2 N), compared to nonaffected side (191.9 N).

Conclusions

Although masticatory force decreases as the number of osteotomies increases, oral function after mandible reconstruction is satisfactory in most cases. Transfer of a VFG is a safe and reliable method for functional mandible reconstruction. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 37:101–104, 2017.
Accession and association: The effects of European integration and neoliberalism on rising inequality and kin‐neighbor reciprocity in the Republic of Macedonia
Authors: Otten Justin M.
Published: June 2015

Since the dissolution of socialist Yugoslavia more than twenty years ago, there has been a monumental shift in economic policy and governance in the Republic of Macedonia. Though political rhetoric claims that markets are regulated by the state, the implementation of neoliberal policies has resulted in private interests taking control of industries that were formerly socially owned and managed. This process has led to significant inequality in the country, from disparities in wealth and opportunities to unemployment and poverty. In its largest wine region, Tikveš, one finds evidence of the crossroads where habits of global consumption meet rural kinship structures in a unique geographical and political setting. As the country is seeking greater integration with the Euro–American alliance, the Macedonian case enables us to think about reciprocity and hospitality in terms of external, global impositions. However, it also shows resilience to such forces, where cultural traditions and customs (such as hospitality and reciprocity) not only remain but have been strengthened.
Novel, Rapid Identification, and Quantification of Adulterants in Extra Virgin Olive Oil Using Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics
Authors: Azizian Hormoz , Mossoba Magdi M. , Fardin‐Kia Ali Reza , Delmonte Pierluigi , Karunathilaka Sanjeewa R. , Kramer John K. G.
Published: June 2015

A new, rapid Fourier transform near infrared (FT‐NIR) spectroscopic procedure is described to screen for the authenticity of extra virgin olive oils (EVOO) and to determine the kind and amount of an adulterant in EVOO. To screen EVOO, a partial least squares (PLS1) calibration model was developed to estimate a newly created FT‐NIR index based mainly on the relative intensities of two unique carbonyl overtone absorptions in the FT‐NIR spectra of EVOO and other mixtures attributed to volatile (5280 cm−1) and non‐volatile (5180 cm−1) components. Spectra were also used to predict the fatty acid (FA) composition of EVOO or samples spiked with an adulterant using previously developed PLS1 calibration models. Some adulterated mixtures could be identified provided the FA profile was sufficiently different from those of EVOO. To identify the type and determine the quantity of an adulterant, gravimetric mixtures were prepared by spiking EVOO with different concentrations of each adulterant. Based on FT‐NIR spectra, four PLS1 calibration models were developed for four specific groups of adulterants, each with a characteristic FA composition. Using these different PLS1 calibration models for prediction, plots of predicted vs. gravimetric concentrations of an adulterant in EVOO yielded linear regression functions with four unique sets of slopes, one for each group of adulterants. Four corresponding slope rules were defined that allowed for the determination of the nature and concentration of an adulterant in EVOO products by applying these four calibration models. The standard addition technique was used for confirmation.
Adolescents' unconditional acceptance by parents and teachers and educational outcomes: A structural model of gender differences
Authors: Makri‐Botsari Evi
Published: June 2015

The purpose of this study was to detect gender specific patterns in the network of relations between unconditionality of parental and teacher acceptance in the form of unconditional positive regard and a range of educational outcomes, as indexed by academic self‐perception, academic intrinsic motivation, and academic achievement. To test the role of gender as a moderator, a multi‐group analysis was employed within the framework of structural equation modelling with increasing restrictions placed on the structural paths across genders. The results on a sample of 427 adolescents in grades 7–9 showed that conditionality of acceptance undermined level of perceived acceptance for both social agents. Moreover, unconditionality of teacher acceptance exerted stronger influences on students' educational outcomes than unconditionality of parental acceptance, with effect sizes being larger for girls than for boys.
Opciones reales aplicadas en redes integradas de servicios de salud empleando diferentes métodos de estimación de la volatilidad
Authors: González-Echeverri Germán , Mora-Valencia Andrés , Gregorio Solano Juan
Published: June 2015

El objetivo de este artículo es evaluar la posibilidad de expansión de una red integrada de servicios de salud mediante el uso de valoración por opciones reales. Para estimar el parámetro de volatilidad se estudian cuatro metodologías, dos de ellas son usadas en opciones reales las cuales se refieren a: Market Asset Disclaimer y Market Approach. Adicionalmente, las otras dos metodologías propuestas son empleadas en opciones financieras, las cuales son: volatilidad implícita del modelo de Merton y volatilidad implícita mediante Newton-Raphson. Los resultados muestran que la volatilidad estimada mediante las metodologías propuestas es similar a la obtenida por la metodología tradicional de Market Asset Disclaimer. La principal contribución de este artículo consiste en la construcción de la sonrisa de la volatilidad para opciones reales, que es fácil de implementar.
The potential for less radical surgery in women with stage IA2–IB1 cervical cancer
Authors: Bai Huimin , Yuan Fang , Wang Huilan , Chen Jie , Cui Quancai , Shen Keng
Published: June 2015

Objective

To identify a subset of patients with stage IA2–IB1 cervical cancer and small tumors (≤ 2 cm) who could be suitable for less radical surgery.

Methods

In a retrospective study, the medical records of women treated at nine hospitals in China were reviewed. Included women had undergone radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. The clinicopathologic factors associated with uterine isthmus invasion (UII), vaginal invasion (VI), parametrial invasion (PI), lymph node metastasis (LNM), and prognosis were analyzed.

Results

Overall, 1632 women were included. Tumor size greater than 2 cm (measured postoperatively) was an independent predictor of VI (P = 0.002), PI (P = 0.001), and UII (P = 0.021). Squamous cell carcinoma and superficial stromal invasion were associated with a low frequency of UII (P < 0.001 for both). Among patients with adenocarcinoma, deep stromal invasion and lymphovascular space involvement (LVSI) were independently associated with UII (P = 0.006 and P = 0.004, respectively). Grade 2/3 disease (P = 0.009), deep stromal invasion (P = 0.015), and LVSI (P < 0.001) were independently associated with LNM. LNM was the only independent adverse factor for survival (P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Women with stage IA2–IB1 cervical cancer with low‐risk factors could be candidates for large‐scale prospective clinical trials of less radical surgery and lymphadenectomy omission.
Surgical Difficulties and Complications in the Treatment of Bisphosphonate-related Proximal Femur Fractures
Authors: Chun-Man Ma , Man-Hong Cheung , Wah-Bong Wong
Published: June 2015

Background

Atypical proximal femoral fractures are becoming more common. They are difficult to treat because of the poor union rate and potential surgical difficulties due to hard bone and complete obliteration of the medullary canal.

Methods

This is a case series of five patients with bisphosphonate-related atypical proximal femur fractures. The study period was between June 2012 and October 2013. The patients were treated using cephalomedullary devices. The intraoperative difficulties and postoperative complications were recorded.

Results

We noticed complete femoral canal obliteration in two cases that required a set of addition reamers to reach the medullary canal. Moreover, the nonunion was 100% in the patient treated with standard nail and 25% in patients treated with long nail, and these nonunion rates were much higher than ordinary fractures.

Conclusion

Treatment of atypical femoral fractures can be difficult. Thus, proper preparations and expertise are required. Additional medical therapies may also be beneficial.
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for treating psychological disturbances in Taiwanese adolescents who experienced Typhoon Morakot
Authors: Tang Tze‐Chun , Yang Pinchen , Yen Cheng‐Fang , Liu Tai‐Ling
Published: June 2015

In this case–control study, we aimed to assess the intervention effects of four‐session eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) on reducing the severity of disaster‐related anxiety, general anxiety, and depressive symptoms in Taiwanese adolescents who experienced Typhoon Morakot. A total of 83 adolescents with posttraumatic stress disorder related to Typhoon Morakot, major depressive disorder, or current moderate or high suicide risk after experiencing Typhoon Morakot were allocated to a four‐session course of EMDR (N = 41) or to treatment as usual (TAU; N = 42). A multivariate analysis of covariance was performed to examine the effects of EMDR in reducing the severity of disaster‐related anxiety, general anxiety, and depressive symptoms in adolescents by using preintervention severity values as covariates. The multivariate analysis of covariance results indicated that the EMDR group exhibited significantly lower preintervention severity values of general anxiety and depression than did the TAU group. In addition, the preintervention severity value of disaster‐related anxiety in the EMDR group was lower than that in the TAU group (p = 0.05). The results of this study support that EMDR could alleviate general anxiety and depressive symptoms and reduce disaster‐related anxiety in adolescents experiencing major traumatic disasters.
High order smooth ambiguity preferences and asset prices
Authors: Thimme Julian , Völkert Clemens
Published: June 2015

This paper extends the recursive smooth ambiguity decision model developed in Klibanoff, Marinacci, and Mukerji (2005, 2009) by relaxing the uniformity imposed on higher order acts. This generalization permits a separation of intertemporal substitution, risk attitude, and attitudes towards different sources of uncertainty. Our decision model is suited in situations where subjects may treat several kinds of uncertainty in different manners. We apply our preference specification to a consumption‐based asset pricing model with long run risks and assess the impact of ambiguity on asset prices and predictability patterns. We find that modeling attitudes towards uncertainty through high order smooth ambiguity preferences has important implications for asset prices. Our model generates a highly volatile price‐dividend ratio and predictability patterns in line with the data.
Early Mesozoic lamproites and monzonitoids of southeastern Gorny Altai: geochemistry, Sr–Nd isotope composition, and sources of melts
Authors: Krupchatnikov V.I. , Vrublevskii V.V. , Kruk N.N.
Published: June 2015

Small intrusions of lamprophyres and lamproites (Chuya complex) and K-monzonitoids (Tarkhata and Terandzhik complexes) are widespread in southeastern Gorny Altai. Geochronological (U–Pb and Ar–Ar) isotope studies show their formation in the Early–Middle Triassic (~ 234–250 Ma). Lamproites have been revealed within two magmatic areas and correspond in geochemical parameters to the classical Mediterranean and Tibet orogenic lamproites. According to isotope data ((87Sr/86Sr)T = 0.70850–0.70891, (143Nd/144Nd)T = 0.512157–0.512196, 206Pb/204Pb = 17.95–18.05) and Th/La and Sm/La values, the Chuya lamproites and lamprophyres melted out from the enriched lithospheric mantle with the participation of DM, EM1, EM2, and SALATHO. The monzonitoid series of the Tarkhata and Terandzhik complexes are similar in petrographic and geochemical compositions but differ significantly in Sr–Nd isotope composition: The Tarkhata monzonitoids are close to the Chuya lamproites, whereas the Terandzhik ones show a higher portion of DM ((87Sr/86Sr)T = 0.70434–0.70497, (143Nd/144Nd)T = 0.512463–0.512487) in their source, which suggests its shallower depth of occurrence and the higher degree of its partial melting as compared with the derivates of the Chuya and Tarkhata complexes. The studied rock associations tentatively formed in the postcollisional setting under the impact of the Siberian superplume.
Change in the viscosity of kimberlite and basaltic magmas during their origin and evolution (prediction)
Authors: Persikov E.S. , Bukhtiyarov P.G. , Sokol A.G.
Published: June 2015

Based on the analysis of experimental data on the viscosity of mafic to ultramafic magmatic melts with the use of our structure–chemical model for the calculation and prediction of the viscosity of magmas, we have first predicted that diamond-carryihg kimberlite magma must ascend from mantle to crust with considerable acceleration. The viscosity of kimberlite magma decreases by more than three times during its genesis, evolution, and ascent from mantle to crust despite the significant decrease in the temperature of the ascending kimberlite magma (~ 150 °C) and its partial crystallization and degassing. In the case of partial melting (< 1 wt.%) of carbonated peridotite in the mantle at depths of 250–350 km, high-viscosity (~ 35 Pas) kimberlite melts can be generated at ~ 8.5 GPa and ~ 1350 °C, the water content in the melt being up to ~ 8 wt.%, C(OH-) = 0-2 wt.%, and C(H2O) = 0-6 wt.%. On the other hand, during the formation of kimberlite pipes, dikes, and sills, the viscosity of near-surface kimberlite melts is much lower (~ 10 Pa s) at ~ 50 MPa and 1200 °C, the volume contents of crystals (Vcr) and the fluid phase (bubbles) (Vfl) are 35 and 5 vol.%, respectively, and the water content in magma, C(OH-), is 0.5 wt.%. On the contrary, the viscosity of basaltic magmas increases by more than two orders of magnitude during their ascent from mantle to crust. The basaltic magmas which can be generated in the asthenosphere at depths of ~ 100 km have the minimum viscosity (up to ~ 2.3 Pas) at ~ 4.0 GPa, 1350 °C, C(OH-) - 3 wt.%, and C(H2O) - 5 wt.%. However, at the final stage of evolution (e.g., during volcanic eruptions), the viscosity of basaltic magma is considerably higher (600 Pa s) at ~ 10 MPa, 1180 °C, Vcr - 30 vol.%, Vf - 15 vol.%, and C(OH-) - 0.5 wt.%.