bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OS EFEITOS DA EQUOTERAPIA NO DESEMPENHO OCUPACIONAL DE PESSOAS QUE SOFRERAM ACIDENTE VASCULAR CEREBRAL
Authors: Bom Blenda de Camargo Pietro , Da Silva Taina Oliveira Cabral , Eras-Garcia Rafael , Rosa Soraya Diniz , Landim Síbila Floriano
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar os efeitos da Equoterapia na rotina das ocupações de pessoas com sequelas neurológicas decorrentes de Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC), buscando compreender, a partir da visão dos usuários, a influência desta intervenção no desempenho ocupacional. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa com abordagem quali-quantitativa, transversal, de caráter descritivo-exploratório, no qual foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas. As entrevistas foram realizadas na modalidade online, através de um questionário previamente estabelecido e da Medida Canadense de Desempenho Ocupacional (COPM).  Os participantes da pesquisa são pessoas que sofreram AVC em algum momento da vida, e o grupo foi dividido em duas categorias: pacientes pós AVC que se submeteram à equoterapia e pacientes pós AVC que não utilizaram deste recurso. Os participantes foram localizados por meio de pessoas da comunidade que frequentam espaços sociais, como igrejas, escolas, empresas e outros. Após a entrevista, foi realizada análise dos dados coletados e a comparação dos resultados entre os dois grupos de participantes, a fim de identificar se há diferenças nos resultados entre ambos. Resultados: os participantes praticantes da equoterapia relataram benefícios significativos em seu desempenho ocupacional e qualidade de vida, que contrastam com os relatos dos participantes não praticantes. Os que praticam a equoterapia tiveram scores na COPM mais baixos que os não praticantes, principalmente no que se refere à satisfação de seu desempenho nas atividades que ainda desejam realizar, ou melhorar. Isto se deve possivelmente ao fato de que os praticantes da equoterapia relatam melhora significativa na autoestima e na confiança em seu processo de reabilitação. Conclusão: Os resultados do presente estudo sugerem que pacientes com sequelas pós-AVC que praticaram a equoterapia como recurso terapêutico, apresentam melhora no desempenho ocupacional e evoluíram em tempo menor quando comparado com aqueles que não utilizaram o recurso.
Antibiogram of bacteria isolated from cervico-vaginal discharge of endometritic cows in Himachal Pradesh
Authors: KUMAR PRAVESH , SINGH MADHUMEET , SHARMA AKSHAY
Published: December 2022

The present study was designed to assess the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of different bacterial flora isolated from 120 cervico-vaginal mucus (CVM) samples which were collected from cows suffering from endometritis. Out of 120 discharge samples, 105 exhibited bacterial growth and 15 samples were bereft of bacteria in nutrient broth. The in vitro antibiotic sensitivity test for each turbid sample was done by disc diffusion method. Antibiotics used were ciprofloxacin (Cx), enrofloxacin (Ex), gentamicin (G), ofloxacin (Of), ampicillin (Am), oxytetracycline (O), co-trimoxazole (Co), tetracycline (T), penicillin (P) and metronidazole (Mt). Highest sensitivity was recorded for ciprofloxacin followed by enrofloxacin and ofloxacin, whereas, highest resistance was recorded for penicillin followed by metronidazole and tetracycline. The antibiogram could be useful to the practitioners in choosing the most efficient antiibacterial products.
Role of certain growth factors and hormones in folliculogenesis
Authors: KHARCHE SURESH DINKAR , JENA DAYANIDHI , GANGWAR CHETNA , KHATTI AMIT , BALAMURUGAN B
Published: December 2022

Folliculogenesis is an inextricable process associated with female fertility and infertility cases. This process involves many events at cellular and molecular level in a highly orchestrated fashion which culminates with ovulation. Various factors like hormonal factors, growth factors, role of ovarian micro environment, diseases of reproductive tract etc. influence the process of folliculogenesis in systematic manner. The function and mechano-biology of these growth factors and hormones have been studied by many researchers. This review discusses about those hormonal and growth factors which are involved in folliculogenesis process.
Dietary betaine reduces incidence of follicular cyst in post-partum Karan Fries cows during hot-humid season
Authors: RAHEJA NITIN , KUMAR NISHANT , LATHWAL S S
Published: December 2022

The objective of this study was to investigate the heat stress ameliorating effect of dietary betaine in reducing the risk of development of follicular cyst in dairy cows during hot-humid season. Eighteen pre-parturient Karan Fries (KF) cows in their 2nd to 5th parity were selected and assigned to 2 groups of 9 cows each on basis of parity and body weight. One group of cows was kept as control and other as treatment (50 g betaine/day/cow). Environmental variables and temperature humidity index (THI) of sheds were recorded during the experimental period. Body weight, dry matter intake (DMI), plasma non esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and cortisol levels were measured in both groups at fortnightly interval. Trans-rectal B-mode real time ultrasonography was performed weekly for diagnosis of follicular cyst. Results showed nonsignificant increase in mean DMI (1.86Â±0.12 kg vs 1.79Â±0.12 kg per 100 kg body weight) and overall body weight (416.76Â±10.24 kg vs 411.33Â±11.07 kg) in treatment group compared to control group. Plasma NEFA concentrations were lower in treatment group as compared to control (329.42Â±29.08 Î¼mol/L vs 407.05Â±15.68 Î¼mol/L). Plasma cortisol concentrations were significantly lower in treatment group as compared to control group (4.91Â±0.68 ng/ml vs 6.89Â±0.49 ng/ml). In control group, 22.22% cows had follicular cyst on their ovaries whereas no follicular cyst was found in betaine supplemented cows. It can be concluded that supplementation of 50 g betaine/cow/day reduces the incidence of follicular cyst along with reduction in plasma NEFA and cortisol levels.
Efficacy of different concentrate to roughage ratio on growth performance of Osmanabadi kids in Marathwada region
Authors: BANDEWAD R W , PAWAR P H , SALUNKE V M , GAIKWAD N Z , VAIDYA M M , DONGRE V B
Published: December 2022

In Osmanabadi goats kids, stall feeding is the most economic and comfortable method of feeding management. The overall growth performance in Osmanabadi goat kids was enhanced by supplementation of concentrate mixture with regular roughage feeding. Further, in Osmanabadi goats, there was positive linear correlation of chest girth, height at withers, body length, height at hip with BCS, body weight and the age. The supplementation of concentrate mixture along with roughages in the feeding management of Osmanabadi kids resulted in heavier body weight. The trend of improvement in different growth and body parameters of Osmanabadi goat kids showed positive linear correlation with the amount of concentrate feed consumed by the kid. The supplementation of concentrate mixture with regular roughages in Osmanabadi goat kids improved the level of fodder intake. Stall feeding and the supplementation of concentrate mixture or nutritional enrichment of regular diet of Osmanabadi goat kids results in the improvement in voluntary fodder intake, however the rate of intake remained in positive linear correlation up to the 50% amount of concentrate feed consumed on dry matter requirement basis in Osmanabadi goat kids. Positive linear correlation of concentrate supplementation with voluntary fodder intake ultimately resulted in reduced fodder leftover and thereby the fodder wastage.
Impactos do Pibid no Desenvolvimento Profissional Docente de uma Coordenadora e uma Supervisora
Authors: Fernandez Carmen , S. Nogueira Keysy
Published: December 2022

Nesta investigação analisou-se os reflexos do Pibid (Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência) no processo de desenvolvimento profissional docente de duas professoras de química participantes do programa de iniciação à docência. As participantes desta investigação foram a coordenadora Maria e a supervisora Luiza (nomes fictícios). Para a coleta de dados realizou-se o registro audiovisual das reuniões que aconteciam no subprojeto Pibid-Química, nas quais a coordenadora e a supervisora orientavam os pibidianos e das entrevistas semiestruturadas. A análise de conteúdo foi adotada para apreciação dos dados por meio de categorias emergentes e o programa Atlas.ti foi usado para facilitar o processo de análise. Os resultados revelam que a principal marca deixada pelo Pibid na formação de Maria foi a possibilidade de mediar as relações entre os participantes do subprojeto e conhecer a realidade da escola da educação pública. Com relação à supervisora, Luiza teve forte identificação como co-formadora dos pibidianos.
Los registros semióticos triádicos y las tecnologías de información y comunicación en los procesos de alfabetización científica
Authors: Mosquera Lozano Edwin , Londoño Villamil Germán , Idoyaga Ignacio Julio
Published: December 2022

Este documento se enmarca en un proyecto de investigación en didáctica de la física en estudiantes de la escuela media y hace énfasis en la comprensión de los procesos de formación o alfabetización en registros semióticos a partir de la teoría de los registros de representación semiótica de Duval (TRRS) y el uso de las tecnologías de información y comunicación. Mediante un proceso pretest – formación – postest no se observan diferencias significativas al organizar los datos por pregunta del cuestionario que se aplica o por estudiantes mediante un análisis paramétrico con prueba t de student. Sin embargo, se observan diferencias significativas cuando se clasifican los datos entre estudiantes que reciben el proceso de formación presencial y virtual. A pesar de que no se logra establecer una relación de dependencia entre grupos de registros y los resultados promedios, se destaca que los registros con tres componentes muestran mayores variaciones significativas que los de dos componentes. Los datos no son concluyentes y se invita a profundizar en este estudio.
KESIAPAN OPERASIONAL BANQUET TERHADAP PERUBAHAN BEO (BANQUET EVENT ORDER) DI ASTON GORONTALO HOTEL & VILLAS
Authors: Kadir Poppy A , Anugrah Krishna , Rahama Tamsil
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kesiapan operasional banquet terhadap perubahan BEO Banquet Event Order di Aston Gorontalo Hotel & Villas. Rumusan masalah dalam penilitian ini adalah adalah bagaimanakah kesiapan operasional banquet terhadap perubahan banquet event order di Aston Gorontalo hotel & villas. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah Mixed Method Research yang mengkombinasikan antara metode kuantitatif dan metode kualitatif dalam menjebarkan data yang didapat. Data berupa hasil dari penyebaran angket, melakukan observasi, melakukan wawancara dan pengambilan dokumentasi, kemudian disusun dan diuraikan dalam bentuk narasi, sumber data diperoleh dari data primer dan sekunder. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa kesiapan operasional banquet terhadap perubahan banquet event order di Aston Gorontalo hotel & villas dalam pengelolahan ruangan Banquet sudah memenuhi standar pelayanan berdasarkan 5 dimensi yaitu, tangible, emphaty, responsiveness, realibilty dan assurance. Dari kelima dimensi terdapapat dimensi kualitas pelayanan responsiveness, masih ada beberapa hal yang harus diperbaiki terkait respon karyawan dalam melayani tamu. respon karyawan yang diberikan perlu ada peningkatan agar kesiapan operasional banquet terhadap perubahan banquet event order di Aston Gorontalo hotel & villas menjadi lebih Baik sesuai dengan harapan tamu.
UPAYA RUMAH MAKAN DI DESA OLELE DALAM MENDUKUNG PARIWISATA MINAT KHUSUS DI OBJEK WISATA TAMAN LAUT OLELE
Authors: Modjo Meilinda Lestari , Wijaya Rendy , Amu Mayang
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui upaya Rumah Makan dalam mendukung pariwisata minat khusus di objek wisata taman laut Olele Kecamatan Kabila Bone Kabupaten Bone Bolango. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah Kualitatif berupa uraian yang mendalam tentang tulisan, dan perilaku yang dapat diamati melalui wawancara masyarakat di Desa Olele dari pemilik rumah makan, wisatawan ataupun kelompok sadar wisata, dalam suatu keadaan, konteks tertentu yang dikaji dari sudut pandang yang menyeluruh. Data berupa basil dari observasi, melakukan wawancara dan pengambilan dokumentasi, kemudian disusun dan diuraikan dalam bentuk narasi, sumber data di peroleh dari data primer dan sekunder. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa upaya rumah makan di Desa Olele dalam mendukung pariwisata minat khusus di Objek Wisata Taman Laut Olele belum optimal dalam memberikan fasilitas yang lengkap ke wisatawan untuk bisa meningkatkan atau memperbaiki destinasi wisata di Desa Olele. Fasilitas-fasilitas penunjang inilah yang seharusnya dapat mendukung wisatawan yang datang ke destinasi wisata tersebut. Rumah makan juga bisa menjadi salah satu fasilitas penunjang karena wisatawan yang datang untuk healing akan merasakan kelaparan dan kehausan sehingga bisa membantu wisatawan yang ingin mencari makan dan minum Mereka juga berupaya menawarkan bebagai jenis makanan dan minuman agar bisa memenuhi kepuasan tamu. Dari ke empat rumah makan ini masing-rnasing dapat dilihat dari produk memiliki variasi menu yang berbeda-beda. Variasi plattingnya menggunakan piring biasa/panstove, pengemasannya bisa pakai daun pisang atau kertas nasi. Aspek pelayanan selalu menawarkan makanan demikian juga dengan taking order menggunakanan bahasa yang baik, penguasan makanan dan minuman sudah dikuasai. Pengelolaan operasional rumah makan yaitu pemilik rumah makan.
PENGARUH RESTAURANT ATMOSPHERE TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN KONSUMEN DI MISS UNICORN
Authors: Sofiani Sofiani
Published: December 2022

Sebuah tren pemasaran pada sebuah restoran yang mengusung keunikan yaitu restaurant atmosphere. Setiap restaurant memiliki karakteristik restoran yang unik dengan ciri khas tersendiri seperti miss unicorn restaurant yang bertemakan unicorn. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh restaurant atmosphere secara simultan dan dimensi restaurant atmosphere secara parsial terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen di Miss Unicorn. Metode penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 380 responden dengan teknik sampling nonprobability purposive sampling, dengan menggunakan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, asumsi klasik (normalitas, multikolinearitas dan heteroskedastisitas), uji hipotesis (uji signifikansi simultan, parsial dan uji regresi linear berganda, uji koefisien determinasi (R2) dan uji mean). Hasil pengujian uji simultan pada variabel restaurant atmosphere memiliki nilai signifikansi 26,005 > 3,840 dan hasil uji parsial pada setiap dimensi restaurant atmosphere memiliki nilai sebesar eksterior (3,4%), general interior (2,7%), store layout (2%), Interior Display (3,1%). Variabel restaurant atmosphere dan dimensinnya memiliki pengaruh secara signifikan simultan maupun parsial terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini yaitu restaurant atmosphere memiliki pengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen, karena dengan keunikan yang dimiliki dapat membuat para konsumen yang berkunjung melakukan pembelian ulang. Saran untuk restaurant atmosphere ialah dapat menambahkan dekorasi dengan tema unicorn yang lebih beragam seperti menambahkan, ruangan khusus untuk keluarga serta menambahkan beberapa poster unicorn agar lebih menggambarkan karakteristik restoran Miss Unicorn dengan tema unicornnya.
SURVEY PASAR DENGAN GOOGLE-FORM UNTUK MENGANALISIS STP TERHADAP USAHA JELLY HERBAL DI CILACAP
Authors: Ernawati Lia , Sefiani Herlin Natasya
Published: December 2022

Untuk  menghasilkan pendapatn UMK dalam kondisi pandemic covid-19 dan dengan tingkat pendidikan masyarakat Indonesia yang masih cukup rendah untuk menstabilkan perekonomian kembali membaik cukuplah berat terutama pada kota Cilacap, Jawa Tengah. Virus  yang mematikan seperti virus SARS- COVID 19 dan membuat masyarakat resah dengan adanya virus ini sebagian masyarakat khawatir dan menjadi panic-buying   sehingga berbondong bondong unuk membeli alat kesehatan vitamin dan suplemen seperti masker dan suplemen dari berbagai jenis seperti tablet hisab, tablet hingga jelly herbal untuk memperkuat daya tahan tubuh. Usaha start-up yang digunakan untuk membuat bisnis baru di tengah pandemic covid-19 ini memerlukan beberapa riset pasar dan analisis bisnis menggunakan analisa SWOT dan STP. Jelly Herbal menghasilkan riset pasar menunjukkan bahwa responden yang berusia 15 tahun hingga 41 tahun     merespon peminatan yang positif terhadap produk jelly herbal, sehingga dari data tersebut dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa produk jelli herbal layak untuk dipasarkan.
KUALITAS KEBERSIHAN KAMAR DALAM MENJAMIN KENYAMANAN TAMU DI ASTON GORONTALO HOTEL AND VILLAS
Authors: Bantulu Lisna , Mokodongan Asminar , Saipi Hasni
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kualitas kebersihan kamar di Hotel Aston and Villas Gorontalo. Pekerjaan utama dalam proses pembersihan kamar terdiri dari preparation (persiapan), process (pembersihan), dan finishing (pengecekan). Metode yang digunakan adalah Deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan metode field research penelitian lapangan yakni  dengan melakukan pengamatan secara langsung pada objek yang akan di teliti. Dalam menjaga kualitas kebersihan kamar di perlukan dalam ketelitian saat melakukan pembersihan kamar sehingga tamu akan kembali lagi menginap disamping itu, Kelengkapan alat adalah hal yang sangat penting dalam proses pembersihan kamar karena dengan kelengkapan peralatan saat operasional dapat meningkatkan kualitas kebersihan kamar. Selain itu, penggunaan chemical yang sesuain dengan objek yang akan dibersihkan dapat membuat proses pembersihan menjadi mudah dan bersih. Oleh karena itu kelengkapan alat yang dibutuhkan oleh rommboy .sangat dibutuhkam hal ini dikarenakan oleh dengan perlengkapan kebersihan yang kurang maka akan membuat proses pembersihan kamar kurang efektif.
POTENSI EKOWISATA MANGROVE DI KAWASAN PANTAI MINANGA
Authors: Ernawati Ernawati , Tatura Lidya  S
Published: December 2022

Pantai Minanga merupakan salah satu wisata pantai yang berada di Kawasan pesisir kelurahan Kotajin Utara, kecamatan Atinggola, kabupaten Gorontalo Utara, provinsi Gorontalo. Sebagai sebuah destinasi wisata pantai, pantai minanga memiliki daya tarik tersendiri yang mampu mengundang banyak wisatawan untuk berkunjung di daerah tersebut yaitu garis pantai berpasir putih yang panjangnya kurang lebih 3000 meter. Namun ada satu sumber daya alam yang dimiliki pantai minanga namun belum terkelola dengan baik yaitu hutan mangrove. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali potensi hutan mangrove yang ada di pantai minanga sehingga dapat dijadikan salah satu daya tarik tambahan bagi wisata pantai minanga yaitu sebagai pariwisata berbasis lingkungan (ekowisata).
Similitud de las propiedades físicas del biodiesel y de un fluido hidráulico para tractor
Authors: Mata Bulgarelli Julio , Mata Segreda Julio
Published: December 2022

Se discute el uso potencial del biodiesel puro como fluido de transmisión de energía mecánica, como una mezcla equivolumétrica de dos marcas del bioproducto hechos en Costa Rica. Este fluido neotérico fue comparado vis à vis con un fluido hidráulico usado para equipo de alta demanda hidráulica. Las propiedades físicas consideradas fueron el coeficiente térmico de expansión cúbica, la compresibilidad isotérmica, la entalpía de vaporización, la capacidad calórica y la conductividad térmica. La mezcla de biodiesel mostró mejores o iguales propiedades que el producto comercial.
Valoración energética de bio-aceite (bio-oil) producto de la gasificación de tusa de maíz recuperado vía húmeda
Authors: Chaverra Herrera Julio Daniel , Camargo Trillos Diego Alejandro
Published: December 2022

En este trabajo se evaluó la recuperación y valoración energética del bio-aceite producto de la gasificación de tusa de maíz en un reactor de flujo descendiente y lecho fijo, obtenido por sistemas de lavado con agua (vía húmeda) en el laboratorio de energías renovables de la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana. A este subproducto se le caracterizaron las propiedades físicas y químicas a partir de una composición química teórica, se correlacionan propiedades como composición química elemental, poder calorífico superior y las fracciones que tiene este bio-aceite para su valoración energética. Primero se llevó a cabo el diseño del sistema de recuperación del bio-aceite mediante decantadores y un sistema de destilación para separarlo. Se valoró la distribución de compuestos orgánicos del bio-aceite en función de ligero, medio y pesado, para temperaturas de destilación 115°C y 215°C.  El cálculo de la composición química elemental CHON y el poder calorífico se realizó para dos puntos de operación: por decantado del sistema de lavado y condensación directa, obteniendo C41.0540%, H5.8588%, O35.6199%; N0%, con HHV de 21.2621 MJ/kg y C76.0071%, H 8.4019%, O%, N% con HHV 23.8563 MJ/kg, respectivamente.
INVESTIMENTO NA INFRAESTRUTURA PORTUÁRIA
Authors: Lopes Pereira Camila , Ranny Tawan
Published: December 2022

O investimento na infraestrutura portuária no Porto de Santos é realizado pela figura da Companhia Docas do Estado de São Paulo através dos recursos oriundos de suas receitas e dos aportes de capital consignados pelo Governo Federal por meio do aumento do capital pelo Tesouro Nacional. A decisão dos investimentos a serem concretizados são balizados pelas políticas públicas, direcionadas pelo Plano Plurianual da União e previstas na Lei Orçamentária Anual. Toda a dinâmica é resultado de um complexo processo de difícil verificação e entendimento, tornando ruidosa a transparência das ações governamentais.
MÉTODOS DE SOLUÇÃO DE CONTROVÉRSIAS NO DIREITO TRIBUTÁRIO INTERNACIONAL
Authors: Scaranello Carreira Tatiana
Published: December 2022

O presente artigo aborda a importância da adoção de métodos de solução de controvérsias em matéria tributária, com o intuito de pacificar entendimentos dos Estados Contratantes da Convenção Modelo da OCDE acerca de assuntos tão sensíveis que afetam consideravelmente os investimentos. A partir da análise do art. 25 da Convenção Modelo da OCDE, o qual prevê expressamente a possibilidade da adoção do procedimento amigável e da arbitragem tributária pelos Estados Contratantes nos tratados internacionais sobre bitributação celebrados, conclui-se sobre a necessidade de o Brasil avançar nessa seara. Além da análise aprofundada quanto ao previsto na norma da OCDE, no que tange ao Direito Tributário Internacional é indispensável conhecer a posição estadunidense, através de seu órgão, o IRS, analisando como a arbitragem tributária foi adotada pelos Estados Unidos da América em Convenções sobre Dupla Tributação, em especial a firmada com a Alemanha. Por fim, destaca-se Portugal, cujo modelo de adoção da arbitragem tributária por sua legislação interna é objeto de estudo por diversos tributaristas brasileiros que afirmam ser um modelo a ser seguido pelo Brasil.
ANÁLISE DA IMPLANTAÇÃO DO VESSEL TRAFFIC SERVICE EM PORTOS BRASILEIROS
Authors: Mota Brasil Marconi , Perini Costa Matheus , Oliveira Nolasco Pedro Henrique
Published: December 2022

Este artigo se propõe a analisar a implantação do VTS no Brasil a partir de dois portos como referência: Porto de Vitória e o Porto do Açu. Vitória foi escolhido por ser o primeiro porto público do Brasil a implantar um VTMIS e Açu por ser o primeiro porto com VTS homologado, possuindo muitas características distintas entre si. A metodologia empregada incluiu a realização de entrevistas com profissionais de notório saber da área de referência do tema e revisão da bibliografia existente no Brasil e no mundo, a fim de conhecer as características do serviço de tráfego de embarcações no Brasil, identificar os desafios da implantação e de funcionamento e verificar os resultados esperados e alcançados, sendo uma pesquisa essencialmente qualitativa. Os resultados observados envolvem a percepção da redução de acidentes e de fatos da navegação com o VTS, contribuindo efetivamente para segurança da navegação, salvaguarda da vida humana no mar e prevenção da poluição no meio ambiente marinho. Observou-se também a utilização do VTS como ferramenta estratégica para atrair novos clientes e consolidação dos já existentes através de uma ótica de segurança. Percebeu-se que o Brasil ainda deve avançar quanto a implantação do serviço, empregando-o em áreas de maior fluxo, já que os benefícios são conhecidos. Identificou-se desafios quanto à formação de mão de obra para operadores. Por fim, verificou-se que Açu e Vitória tem servido como referência para outros portos brasileiros, recebendo diversas visitas de interessados no tema, contribuindo para expansão do serviço em território nacional.
Interrelationship Between Fiscal Deficit, Aggregate Savings and Investment: A Test of Ricardian Equivalence Hypothesis in Nigeria
Authors: Matthew Ikechukwu Ogbuagu , A. Omojolaibi Joseph
Published: December 2022

Conflicting results on the relationship between government fiscal deficit, savings and investment behaviour of households remains unresolved. Some authors have argued that households might unconsciously play out adherence to the dictates of the Ricardian equivalence hypothesis (REH) because they practice an infinite consumption horizon. Relying on the vector autoregression (VAR) technique and the impulse response function (IRF), this study examines the validity of the REH and the interactions between fiscal deficit, aggregate savings, and private investment in Nigeria within a 48-year period. The results reveal that government fiscal deficit exerts negative effects on gross domestic savings and investment, which is further affirmed by the impulse response function (IRF). These findings rather uphold the neoclassical literary arguments that economic growth is retarded due to crowding out effects resulting from fiscal deficits; hence opposing the REH. Thus, policy-makers should adhere to the fiscal deficits benchmark of less than 40 percent of GDP as proposed by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to maintain stable macroeconomic conditions.

JEL Classification: E62, E21-E22, E23
Promotion Strategies and Performance of Commercial Banks: Evidence from CRDB Bank Plc in Tanzania
Authors: K. Mbura O. , Sekela M.
Published: December 2022

This article is informed by the planned behaviour and hierarchy of effect theories to examine the influence of five traditional promotion strategies on the performance of commercial banks in Tanzania, taking evidence from one of the leading commercial banks in the country - CRDB Plc. This quantitative based study used a self-administered questionnaire to collect data from randomly selected 208 sampled employees. With the support of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software, a hypothesised model that included promotion strategies as predictors of commercial banks’ performance was evaluated using a multiple linear regression model. The results supported the hypothesised model, indicating that all the promotion strategies had positive; and only four (excluding publicity) had important influence on the performance of commercial banks. From the findings, the study recommends that commercial banks need to innovatively prioritise adoption of the complementary use of the four significant promotion strategies of sales promotion, advertising, personal selling, and direct marketing to manage the performance of commercial banks. Nevertheless, publicity should not be entirely ignored as it also has some positive effect.
Asymmetrical Effects of Real Exchange Rate Volatility during Covid-19 Pandemic on the Demand for Money in Zimbabwe
Authors: Sakarombe Upenyu , Makoni-Marimbe Rudo , Badze Lloyd
Published: December 2022

The understanding of symmetrical or asymmetrical effects of exchange rate volatility improves the effectiveness of macroeconomic management policies. This study examines the long-run asymmetrical effects of exchange rate volatility on real demand for money in Zimbabwe, using monthly data from January 2018 to September 2020. Exchange rate shocks are calculated by decomposing exchange rate volatility measure into positive and negative components to examine their short-run and long-run effects and to determine whether the long-run effects of the components of exchange rate movements are symmetrical or asymmetrical. The linear ARDL and the non-linear ARDL models are estimated. The study employs the F-bounds test to confirm the longrun relationship and the Wald test for the asymmetrical effect. The results show that exchange rate depreciation in Zimbabwe has symmetrical effects on real demand for money. Thus, exchange rate policies in Zimbabwe should assume linearity in the passthrough effects on real demand for money.

JEL Classification: E41; E52; E6
Determinants of Improved Vegetable Seed Propagation Technologies in Tanzania: Evidence from Arumeru and Mvomero Districts
Authors: Nombo Selina , Selejio Onesmo
Published: December 2022

Improved seed propagation technologies (ISPTs) curb the shortage of quality seedlings for vegetable farmers. This study examines factors that influence the choice of improved vegetable seed propagation technologies in Arumeru and Mvomero districts, Tanzania for nursery beds and seedling trays. Descriptive statistics and a logit model are used to analyse data from 240 randomly sampled farmers. The results show that seedling trays are used by only 13% of all vegetable farmers, despite the technology’s higher productivity and efficiency; and nursery beds are used by 87% of all farmers. The binary logit model results show that the choice of ISPTs is determined by access to seedling trays, credit, extension services and marital status. Thus, to increase the efficiency of transplant production and yield, the use of seedling trays for propagating vegetable seedlings should be promoted by increasing the availability of seedling trays and availing credit and extension services to vegetable farmers.

JEL Classification: Q12, Q16, Q18
Socioeconomic Determinants of Use of HIV Testing Services among Gender Based Violence (GBV) Survivors in Matabeleland South, Zimbabwe
Authors: Muperere Sibusisiwe , Makochekanwa Albert , Moyo Stanzia , Mhloyi Marvellous
Published: December 2022

This study estimates a binary logistic regression model to examine the socio-economic determinants of utilizing HIV testing services amongst female gender based violence (GBV) survivors in Matabeleland South, Zimbabwe, using cross-sectional data from 130 female survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV). The findings show that number of children, age of survivor and level of access to healthcare are positively associated with the use of HIV testing services, whereas religion and survivor’s marital status are negatively associated with the use of HIV testing services. Programs aimed at improving utilization of HIV testing services should therefore place emphasis on younger women, with a view to raise awareness on the dangers of poor utilization of such services. Furthermore, policy makers should aim to increase resources for improving access to healthcare, particularly by increasing mobile clinics and Victim Friendly Units so that female GBV survivors will be motivated to utilize the HIV testing services.
Efficiency of Manufacturing Establishments in Eritrea
Authors: Selomon Tuccu
Published: December 2022

This paper discusses productive efficiency of a sample of firms using World Bank data from a sample of 179 Eritrean manufacturing firms. The results of the estimation of the technical efficiency model shows Eritrean manufacturing firms ingeneral are inefficient. The study further investigated firms’ efficiency by nature of ownership, age of firm, experience of the entrepreneur and managers’ education. Both labour and capital are more productive under sole proprietorships or partnerships than incorporated firms. Labour is more productive for older firms and capital is more productive for younger firms. Results also show labour is more productive for firms with less experienced managers, while capital is more productive for high experienced managers. Also, labour is productive for both firms that are managed with less educated managers and high educated managers. In almost all cases return to scale appears to be less than one, suggesting the existence of high inefficiency. In general there was no significant difference in the existence of embodied technology among firms. The study suggests that firms need to examineand invest in technology and skills that may contribute to improved efficiency.
Factors Affecting Engagement and Commercialization Of Innovation Activities of Firms in Tanzania
Authors: Osoro Otieno , Kirama Stephen , Vermeulen Patrick
Published: December 2022

This paper analyses the commercialization of innovations in Tanzania, using firm level data. Specifically, it assesses the relative importance of firm, innovation and environmental level factors in commercialization, and how innovation is linked with commercialization. The analysis reveals that firm investment in internal research and development significantly impact both product innovation and commercialization of innovations in Tanzania, implying internal knowledge base is the main link between innovation and commercialization of innovations. Commercialization of innovations in Tanzania is influenced by cooperation with domestic and foreign firms, investment in research and development, and purchase of intangible technology with cooperation with domestic firms having the largest impact on commercialization, followed by investment in research and development. Knowledge acquisition and firm cooperation with other firms have greater impact on commercialization when undertaken by firms with histories of doing so in the past than when undertaken by firms for the first time.
The Non-Bank Financial Intermediaries and Economic Growth in Tanzania: An Empirical Analysis 1967–2011
Authors: Chuku Edna , Ndanshau Michael
Published: December 2022

This study examines the impact of development of Non-Bank Financial Intermediaries

(NBFIs) on economic growth in Tanzania using time series data for the period 1967– 2011. It employs Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach to cointegration and error correction method to investigate the existence of long-run and short-run dynamics in the relationship between NBFIs and economic growth in Tanzania. Stationarity property of the series was tested by using Phillips-Perron (PP) and Zivot-Andrews methods. Results from the study confirmed the existence of a stable long-run relationship between economic growth, the NBFIs and other determinants— investment, inflation, interest rate, and trade openness. Notable, however, the study found that the development of NBFIs, as measured by lending to the government, exerted a significant positive effect on economic growth in the short-run but not in the long-run. CUSUM and CUSUMQ test results revealed a lack of evidence of any significant structural instability among variables used in the study. The results suggest that it is important to have appropriate policies aimed at developing the non-banks financial sector to foster economic growth over the long-run period.
The Effect of the Quality of Governance on Tax Revenue in East Africa
Authors: Kahunde Rehema , Mukisa Ibrahim , Teera Joweria
Published: December 2022

The East African (EA) countries have run budget deficits for over a decade, implying that the amount of tax is low compared to what is required for the smooth-running of their economies. Although several studies have attempted to explore factors behind low tax revenues, these have overly concentrated on the supply side factors (sectoral contributions to GDP, GDP per capita, and inflation). Moreover, these studies have had conflicting results on the determinants of tax revenue. This study, therefore, seeksto investigate the effect of the quality of governance on the amount of tax revenue in the EA countries (1996 to 2016). The study employs the Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag model as developed by Pesaran et al. (1999). Empirical evidence from the pooled mean group shows a positive long-run relationship among the variables, implying that an improvement in the quality of governance leads to a long-run increase in tax revenue. Therefore, long-run efforts to increase tax revenue in EA should focus on improvements in the quality of governance. However, the study finds a negative short-run relationship.
Why is it Imperative for Tanzania to Industrialize?
Authors: Mkenda Beatrice
Published: December 2022

Tanzania’s average annual growth rate of GDP of 6.4% between 2005 and 2017 has had limited impact on jobs and poverty reduction. The current government’s mantra, ‘Tanzania ya Viwanda’, is meant to tackle these two problems. The objectives of thepaper are fourfold: first, to gain clear understanding of the Tanzanian context and why it is imperative to industrialize; second, to examine to what extent Tanzania has structurally transformed, and how that has been responsible for poverty and growthwithout jobs; third, to examine how industrial development could enhance agricultural production; and fourth, to assess the opportunities and challenges that exist in Tanzania’s industrialization drive and draw some policy implications. The paper uses labour market, macro and trade data from secondary sources, and employs the exploratory analytical approach. It concludes that the imperative to industrialize in Tanzania cannot be overemphasized due to the following gains: structural transformation, job creation, higher agricultural productivity, and poverty reduction. The industrialization drive must focus on Tanzania’s comparative advantage and ensure that some of the challenges identified—i.e., poor infrastructure, weak business environment and regional integration hurdles—are well known, addressed, and given the priority they deserve.

JEL Codes: I30, J60, O55
Reconciling Willingness to Pay and Conservation Costs for Sustainable Watershed Management in Tanzania
Authors: Joseph Magashi , Hepelwa Hepelwa
Published: December 2022

Effective sustainable natural resource management asks for an integrated approach to allow the involvement of actors in the management process. This paper intends to measure willingness to pay (WTP) and its determinants for watershed conservation,and then link it to the calculated costs of conservation. A cross-sectional data from 200 households residing in Igunga town are analysed using the probit model. The key findings show that, on average, households are willing to pay TZS4,920 per month, which approximately equals TZS260m per year, for the entire number of households in the area. The WTP would cover the calculated cost of conservation, which approximately equals TZS233m per month by more than 100%. Factors that influences WTP positively includes household income level, household head’s number of years of schooling, and house ownership. On the other hand, the price of water per 20 litres and outbreak of water-related diseases decreases household WTP. The implication from the study findings is that, effective conservation of watershed in the study area would require, to large extent, community participation. Policies geared towards improving household income and education access would further benefit water resources management in the area.

Keywords: integrated water resources management, willingness to pay, conservationcosts, Tanzania
Why Do Workers Join Trade Unions?
Authors: Manda Damiano , Mwabu Germano
Published: December 2022

This paper uses data from manufacturing firms in Kenya to analyse the determinants of trade unionism. Matched worker-firm data from a recent Kenya manufacturing enterprise survey is used to estimate a reduced-form probit model of union membership. The results show that the likelihood of being a union member decreases with schooling; but is higher for full-time, married, and city employees. We conclude that Kenyan workers become union members to protect job tenure and to improve working conditions.

JEL Classification: J32, J51, J52
Kasnoantičke ostave novca u Istri kao odraz sigurnosnih prilika na prostoru između Panonije i Padske nizine
Authors: Levak Maurizio
Published: December 2022

U nastojanju za razumijevanjem kasnoantičkih prilika na sjevernojadranskom području analizirali smo dosad pronađene ostave novca na ozemlju antičke Istre. Riječ je o šest ostava, od kojih se za jednu ne zna točno mjesto nalaza, nastalih od III. do V. stoljeća u sjevernoj i središnjoj Istri. Znatno se razlikuju po obimu – od skromnih ostava do onih koje sadrže na tisuće kovanica – kao i po značajkama same mikrolokacije na kojoj su pronađene. Nastanak novčanih pohrana načelno je znak pogoršanih javnosigurnosnih prilika, kada stanovništvo sklanja dragocjenosti u strahu za svoju imovinu. Stoga smo pokušali ustanovljeno vrijeme nastanka svake pojedine ostave dovesti u vezu s istodobnim političkim događanjima za koje znamo iz pisanih izvora.
Slovensko osvajanje osemtisočakov (1975-1995)
Authors: Mikša Peter , Čokl K. Jure
Published: December 2022

Slovenski alpinizem je od srede sedemdesetih let 20. stoletja v samem svetovnem vrhu. Pot tja se je začela leta 1975 z izjemnim uspehom v južni steni osemtisočaka Makaluja in uspehom na zahodnem grebenu Everesta štiri leta pozneje. Za pristop na vseh 14 osemtisočakov so Slovenci potrebovali 20 let – prvi je bil leta 1975 Makalu, zadnja pa leta 1995 Anapurna. Pobude o odhodu v Himalajo so se na Slovenskem pojavile že kmalu po drugi svetovni vojni, do prve odprave pa je prišlo leta 1960. V prispevku je predstavljena kronologija himalajskih odprav od začetkov obiskovanja najvišjih gora sveta in pregled prvih slovenskih pristopov na osemtisočake vse do zadnjega vzpona na Anapurno leta 1995. Dodan je seznam vseh udeležencev najpomembnejših odprav in seznam vseh Slovencev na osemtisočakih od leta 1975 do danes.
PENGAWASAN DPRD TERHADAP TINDAK LANJUT HASIL PEMERIKSAAN OLEH BADAN PEMERIKSA KEUANGAN
Authors: Muawafah Muawafah , Pranoto Edi
Published: December 2022

The purpose and objective of supervision is to prevent or correct errors, irregularities, non-compliance with the implementation plan and others that are not in accordance with the assigned duties and authorities. So that the results of the implementation of the work are obtained accurately, efficiently and successfully in accordance with the 1 predetermined plan. The supervision carried out by the DPRD on the follow-up to the audit report by the BPK is very important to realize good regional governance, a government free from corruption, collusion and nepotism, as well as evaluation material for the use of regional finance and regional financial reports. recommendations by BPK as a manifestation of the need for improvement in the presentation of reports by regional governments, so that there is an obligation to regional governments to implement recommendations from BPK
KONSTRUKSI HUKUM HAKIM AGUNG DALAM MEMUTUS SENGKETA PAJAK PERTAMBAHAN NILAI PERUSAHAAN BATU BARA (Studi Kasus Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor : 36/B/PK/PJK/2016)
Authors: Suharsono Agus
Published: December 2022

This study aims to analyze and synthesize the legal construction of the Supreme Court justices in deciding the value added tax dispute of coal companies so that they can be used as legal considerations for tax authorities and taxpayers who are in the coal mining sector in fulfilling their tax obligations. The method used is doctrinal research which analyzes primary and secondary legal sources. The results of the study show that the construction of the Supreme Court judge in deciding the value added tax dispute for coal companies is not only guided by written regulations and documents, but also explores, follows, and understands the legal values and sense of justice that live in the coal business world. The Supreme Court judge is of the opinion that the Certificate of Origin is not the basis for calculating the volume of coal delivery, income from debt payments is not an object of value added tax, foreign exchange income is not an object of value added, and sales of assets which according to their original purpose were not traded by coal mining companies are not value added tax object.
ANALISIS HUKUM TENAGA KERJA ANAK DI SEKTOR KELAPA SAWIT DI INDONESIA
Authors: Widayanti Widayanti , Legowo Mig Irianto
Published: December 2022

Child labor is a form of exploitation in employing minors for small wages. Child labor often occurs in the informal sector, such as the palm oil industry, due to the absence of formal recruitment and proper supervision of the company. Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower expressly prohibits the exploitation of children for economic motives. The purpose of this study: 1) to find out the condition of casual daily workers in the oil palm sector in Indonesia, 2) to find out the factors that influence the existence of child labor in the oil palm sector in Indonesia. 3) find out the legal efforts taken to tackle child labor in the oil palm
sector in Indonesia. This study uses a normative juridical methodology by analyzing relevant studies and research on the research topic. The data obtained in this study are secondary data through journals, news, reports, and data officially published by the relevant agencies. The results showed that the underlying factors of child labor are economic, social, cultural, and educational. The efforts made in overcoming child exploitation are in the form of providing supervision and warning to companies.
Collaborative Governancein the Management Of Slum Areas in Bekasi City
Authors: Hestiwati Hanung , Turmudzi Didi , Aziz Yaya Mulyana Abdul
Published: December 2022

Bekasi City as part of Jabodetabek has 60 slum locations spread across 9 sub-districts (Kemen PUPR, 2014). The number of slum settlements increased in 2016 to 118 slum locations spread across 12 districts and 56 urban villages. In 2017 the slum settlements again increased to 122 locations. The slums in Bekasi have an area of ??443.73 hectares or 0.19 percent of the total area of ??Bekasi City. One strategy that can be used to manage slum areas in Bekasi City is to implement collaborative governance. which consists of the dimensions of the system context, drivers, and collaborative dynamics. The focus of this research is to emphasize collaborative governance processes in the management of slum areas in Bekasi City, and the results of collaboration from collaborative governance processes. The construction of thinking in this study is mapped into three parts, namely the grand theory (Organizational theory), middle range theory (Governance Theory) and applied theory (Collaborative Governance Theory). This study uses a qualitative approach, with a case study research strategy. The operational design of this study uses the An Integrative Framework for Collaboration Governance approach from Emerson et al (2011). It was revealed that processcollaborative governance in the management of slum areas in Bekasi City, the system context dimension is an environmental condition that overshadows the sustainability of collaborative governance. This system context creates opportunities and constraints that affect other parameters of collaborative governance. The results of this study also indicate that a minimum of a driving factor is needed to create a collaborative governance in the management of slum areas in Bekasi City. The more elements of the drivers involved, the greater the opportunities for the collaboration process to occur. The dynamics of collaboration is said to be good or not depending on three components, namely the mobilization of shared principles, shared motivation, and the capacity to take joint action.