bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Macular Holes Scan With OCT, Radial or Horizontal Scan?
Authors: Liu Xiuhua , Zhang Jie , Gao Lei , Liu Lifeng , Huang Xudong
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE: Most macular holes was not circular but rather somewhat oval, and thus simple horizontal scans may not accurately capture their dimensions. In this study, we measured the MH with radial and horizontal images to explore the impact of the two scanning modes on the measurement of MH.METHODS: The macular hole was scanned with 12 radial and 49 horizontal lines scan, respectively. The aperture size including minimum linear dimension (MLD) and base diameters (BD) was measured using the OCT caliper function.RESULTS: A total of 40 idiopathic MH in 38 patients were included in the study. The average maximum MLD of radial scan was 576.40±220.86um, and the average maximum MLD of horizontal scan was 552.38±217.65um (t=-6.919, P<0.0001). Moreover, the average maximum BD of radial scan was 1026.18±337.85um, and the average maximum BD of horizontal scan was 997.35±339.51um (t=-4.375，P=0.0001). Only 9 cases (22.5%) of 40 macular holes had the largest MLD on the horizontal scan line, and only 12 cases (30%) had the largest BD hole on the horizontal scan line. We also found that with radial scan image, 3 eyes (7.5%) of 40 eyes had macular hole upgrade from medium to large size .CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirmed that macular hole was not the standard circle of geometry, and OCT radial scan could find the maximum longitude of macular hole more effectively than horizontal scan without changing the equipment and measuring habits, which was undoubtedly of great significance for standardizing and grading macular hole.
Faculty as a Change Agent: Lessons Learned from a Change Management Game Virtual Workshop: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Wasfy Nourhan F. , Kamal Doaa , Fouad Sally , Abouzeid Enjy
Published: March 2022

Background
The dramatic change in the learning environment, in the universities, had forced academic medical faculty to play several roles and rapidly adapt and lead this change. Thus, this study aimed to identify the critical success factors that may help academic medical faculty to be a change agent as well as explore effective ways to manage such a change.
Methods
This work utilized a deductive qualitative grounded theory approach aiming to identify the factors and effective ways to manage change. A convenient non-probability sample of thirty faculty members participated in a change management game virtual workshop using the jigsaw technique and change management game. This game has 34 cards with Change Management questions. The research team revised and modified the change management game questions. After revision and modification, the game consisted of four groups of questions, each group included 6–9 questions with a total of 28 questions
Results
The findings were organized under four themes: Individual, Environmental, System/organizational, and Network/interactions-related factors that help the academic medical faculty to be change agents. The participants agreed that a change agent should have transformational leadership attributes, be a role model and a good communicator having strong social connections. Additionally, participants described the change-resistant environment as a major obstacle to change. The presence of skeptics and the inability to find the required supportive team were indicated as important network-related barriers while the significant role play in this team is the innovators. Finally, the destination to make people agree to change is developing and communicating a shared vision and change culture.
Conclusions
The current study added to the body of knowledge the academic medical faculty view of a successful change agent. This study was able to evidence that despite the challenges the faculty are always facing, every faculty can be a change agent in his position and different situations. Therefore, Training, supporting, developing, and rewarding the academic faculty to ensure that the next generation of change agents will be equipped to be proactive on the frontlines of any change will be outlined.
Failure analysis of AISI 430 stainless-steel sheet under stretching and bending conditions
Authors: LUIZ VALMIR DIAS , Rodrigues Paulo César de Matos
Published: March 2022

Ferritic stainless steels have been widely used to substitute austenitic steels because of their lower cost and higher deep drawing capacity. However, failures, such as shear fracture, have been observed in parts with small radii during the drawing process in applications where both bending and stretching occurs. Conventional techniques, such as failure criterion consideration, finite element method, and forming limit diagram, are unable to predict this type of fracture, which has hampered the development of new processes and products. To overcome this limitation, herein, we investigated the effects of tool radius, direction, and test speed on the formability to fracture of an AISI 430 stainless-steel sheet under bending and stretching conditions. An equipment was used to perform the draw-bend fracture (DBF) test based on the bending under tension test. The DBF test efficiently reproduced the tensile, mixed, and shear fractures. Furthermore, we determined the fracture limit strain on the outer surface, thickness, and sidewall of the sample, as well as the coefficient of friction. The data showed that the radius to thickness ratio related to the process parameters had a direct impact on the experimental results. In addition, the results can be utilized for setting design guidelines and failure prevention.
The Clinicopathological Characteristics, MRI Features, And Radiation Dose Of Radio-Induced Brain Necrosis In Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Zhong Minggu , Peng Yinglin , Mao Siyue , Chen YuKun , Duan Hao , Wu Suwen , Wu Yi , Gu Jiyong , Li Zhibin , Cui Enming , Wen Jun , Liu Shulan , Liu YuJie , Wei Ronglue , Liu Junying , Luan Zhongqin , Feng Zize , Peng Yilong , Zhang Wenguang , Dong Jiajun , Dong Jun
Published: March 2022

Background: Radio-induced brain necrosis is a late-onset radiotherapy complication, especially in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. We presented the clinicopathological characteristics, dynamic changes of MRI features, and radiation dose in the areas of radio-induced brain necrosis, which will shed light on preventing this severe radiotherapy complication. Methods: We retrospectively collecting and reanalyzing clinical, imaging, radiation plans and pathological data from 48 NPC patients diagnosed with radio-induced brain necrosis and underwent craniotomy. To calculate the radiation dose in the areas of radio-induced brain necrosis, we reviewed the radiation plan of each patient and delineated the volume of the radio-induced brain necrosis. We also mapped the dynamic changes of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features and performed CD3, CD31, CD68, CD11b, Ki67, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and HE staining on radio-induced brain necrosis specimens to observe pathological changes. Results: The mean latency period for radio-induced brain necrosis was 9.23 years. According to the radiotherapy plans, the mean radiation dose for NPC was 7041±553 cGy. The mean dose to the radio-induced brain necrosis area was 5684.57±409.99 cGy. The necrotic areas exhibited high-intensity signals on T2-weighted images (WIs) and low-intensity signals on T1WIs over time. HE staining showed that the necrotic areas contained irregular fibers and inflammatory cells. The immunohistochemical results showed CD3(+), CD31(+), CD68(+), CD11b(+), Ki67(+), and TUNEL(+) cells in radio-induced brain necrosis specimens. Conclusions: NPC patients who underwent radiotherapy and survived more than 5 years with hyperintense signals in temporal lobes in the T2WI should be paid close attention to radio-induced brain necrosis. A radiation dose no more than 5684.57±409.99 cGy in temporal lobes of NPC patients is recommended.
Imitating dolphins: Impact of active boundary modulation on near-boundary velocity in channel flow
Authors: Matt Silvia , Hou Weilin , Thombs Austin , Shi Hongyang , Pinto Thassyo , Tan Xiaobo
Published: March 2022

Recent advances in technology have renewed the interested in the impact of viscoelastic boundaries and active boundary modulation on hydrodynamic drag and boundary layer turbulence. Viscoelastic boundary materials, such as found in dolphin skin, have the potential to reduce frictional drag by delaying the transition from laminar to turbulent flow in the boundary layer around the body and minimizing turbulence. Possible mechanisms to reduce boundary layer turbulence include counteracting coherent structures or impacting momentum near the boundary. Actuating a deformable membrane in channel flow allows the investigation of the impact of boundary actuation on boundary layer turbulence for a range of actuation parameters and flow channel speeds. We developed a deformable boundary and tested the system in channel flow, in direct contact with the water, actuating at various wave patterns and frequencies. The impact on boundary layer velocity was investigated with Particle Image Velocimetry. Numerical simulations from a companion model complement and support experimental results. Boundary actuation is shown to impact the boundary layer velocity profile and frictional drag, and to reduce near-boundary shear in the region of actuation. Achieving a reduction of boundary layer turbulence in a natural environment could lead to more energy-efficient platforms and underwater vehicles.
Development of novel immunotherapy based on nanoparticle co-delivering PLK1 and PD-L1 inhibitors for lung cancer treatment
Authors: Reda Moataz , Ngamcherdtrakul Worapol , Nelson Molly , Siriwon Natnaree , Wang Ruijie , Zaidan Husam , Bejan Daniel , Reda Sherif , Hoang Ngoc , Crumrine Noah , Rehwaldt Justin , Bindal Akash , Mills Gordon , Gray Joe , Yantasee Wassana
Published: March 2022

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting PD-L1 and PD-1 have improved survival in a subset of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, only a minority of NSCLC patients respond to ICIs, highlighting the need for superior immunotherapy. Herein, we developed a nanoparticle-based immunotherapy termed ARAC (Antigen Release Agent and Checkpoint Inhibitor) to enhance the efficacy of PD-L1 inhibitor. ARAC is a nanoparticle co-delivering PLK1 inhibitor (volasertib) and PD-L1 antibody. PLK1 is a key mitotic kinase that is overexpressed in various cancers including NSCLC and drives cancer growth. Inhibition of PLK1 selectively kills cancer cells and upregulates PD-L1 expression in surviving cancer cells thereby providing opportunity for ARAC targeted delivery in a positive feedback manner. ARAC reduced effective doses of volasertib and PD-L1 antibody by 5-fold in a metastatic lung tumor model (LLC-JSP) and the effect was mainly mediated by CD8 + T cells. Notably, ARAC also showed efficacy in another lung tumor model (KLN-205), which does not respond to CTLA-4 and PD-1 inhibitor combination. Further, the nanoparticle construct was well-tolerated in non-human primates. This study highlights a rationale combination strategy to augment existing therapies by utilizing our nanoparticle platform that can load multiple cargo types at once.
How To Improve Hospital Employees’ Health And Wellbeing: A Staff Consultation
Authors: Lawrence Wendy , Hine Jasmine , Watson Daniella , Walker-Bone Karen , Smedley Julia
Published: March 2022

Background: The health and wellbeing of healthcare workers influences absenteeism, presenteeism and ultimately patient care and outcomes. In 2016 NHS England funded six pilot sites to launch the ‘NHS Healthy Workforce Project’, a programme of services and support for NHS staff to support their health and wellbeing. This paper explores the perspectives of healthcare workers in a large public hospital (11,000 staff) on employers supporting their health and wellbeing, and the initiatives being trialled. Methods: Heads of departments/services were invited to convene focus groups, which were facilitated by a moderator using a semi-structured discussion guide. An observer took notes and circulated sign-in sheets to capture approximate numbers of attendees. The discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.Results: Approximately 450 members of staff participated in 28 focus groups. Themes identified were: 1) unique nature of working in a large hospital, 2) hospital management agenda and relationship with staff, 3) working environment, and 4) staff health and wellbeing initiatives. Optimal uptake of health-promoting initiatives was hindered in part due to lack of staff awareness and a range of barriers, such as lack of time, limited breaks, putting patients first, not trusting employers’ motivations, issues of confidentiality, and inadequate facilities. Key requirements for improving staff health were perceived to be sufficient staffing, time and space to work safely and comfortably. Conclusions: Rather than investing in a range of initiatives devised by the organisation (a top down approach), an essential first step might be to engage with staff to hear their views, build trust and identify their needs (a bottom up approach). Looking after NHS staff health has become even more of a priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. As staff needs change, as they have done during the pandemic, it is important to continue engaging with them to understand how best to support them to look after their health and stay safe. Increased pressure on NHS staff is likely to have decreased the time they have to look after their own health and wellbeing, making it even more important that managers engage with and listen to their staff’s views.
Investigating The Effects Of Diet-Induced Pre-Diabetes On Calciotropic Hormones In Male Sprague Dawley Rats
Authors: Naidoo Karishma , Ngubane Phikelelani S , Khathi Andile
Published: March 2022

Calcium homeostasis is disturbed emanating from altered calciotropic hormone concentrations in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a condition preceded by pre-diabetes. Disrupted calcium homeostasis has shown to promote insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia. However, the changes to calciotropic hormones in the pre-diabetic state is not known. Hence, this study investigated the effects of diet- induced pre-diabetes on calciotropic hormones in a pre-diabetic rat model. This study also sought to determine the association of calciotropic hormones with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and insulin resistance during pre-diabetes. Twelve male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned into two groups (n=6, per group): pre-diabetic (PD) and non-pre-diabetic (NPD). Fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, HbA1c and the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in addition to urine calcium, plasma calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin, vitamin D and calcitriol concentrations were analysed at week 20. Correlation analysis was performed to examine the associations of calciotropic hormones with HOMA-IR and HbA1c. The results demonstrated increased concentrations of HbA1c, FBG, insulin and HOMA-IR in the PD group by comparison to NPD. Furthermore, plasma PTH, calcitonin, urine calcium, calcitriol and vitamin D levels increased along with unchanged plasma calcium concentrations in the PD group by comparison to NPD. Plasma PTH and calcitonin levels were positively correlated with HbA1c but not with HOMA-IR in the PD group. Plasma calcitriol levels were negatively correlated with HbA1c in the PD group. These observations suggest that calcium homeostasis is disturbed in diet- induced pre-diabetes but the body compensates for the changes by inducing an increase in calciotropic hormone levels. Furthermore, pre-diabetes may promote the development of hyperglycemia in T2DM through altering calciotropic hormone levels.
Risk of serotonin syndrome in acutely ill patients receiving linezolid and opioids concomitantly: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Mitwally Hassan , Saad Mohamed , Alkhiyami Dania , Fahmi Amr , Mahmoud Sara , Hmoud Eman Al , Enany Rasha El , Younis Hassan , Mohammed Shaban , Rouf Palli Abdul , Thomas Binny , Hail Moza Al
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Linezolid is an oxazolidinone antibiotic with a reversible, non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitory effect. Combining linezolid with serotonergic agents may increase serotonin syndrome (SS) risk. Secondary to its high tissue penetration, linezolid is recommended in patients with suspected or confirmed resistant gram-positive bacterial infections, as pneumonia, and skin-soft tissue infections, especially if vancomycin cannot be used. However, it is unclear whether co-administration of linezolid with opioids increases the risk of serotonin syndrome. Research objective: Whether combing linezolid with opioids will increase the incidence of SS in acutely ill patients. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. All adult patients admitted to Hamad Medical Corporation facilities in Qatar and received linezolid between March 2020 and September 2020 were included in the study. The primary outcome was the prevalence of SS defined by Hunter’s criteria. SS was confirmed if the patient had spontaneous clonus; inducible clonus plus agitation or diaphoresis; ocular clonus plus agitation or diaphoresis; tremor plus hyperreflexia; or hypertonia plus fever plus ocular clonus or inducible clonus. Results: We included 106 patients, most of the patients were males (91.5%). More than half of the cohort (56.6%) received a concomitant opioid agent. Morphine and fentanyl were the most prescribed opioids (37.7% and 34%, respectively). Among patients who received opioids, only one patient (1.6%) had spontaneous clonus. However, this patient developed spontaneous clonus post cardiac arrest, which made the association with the linezolid-opioids combination doubtful. Conclusion: In this study, the incidence of SS was low in acutely ill patients who received concomitant linezolid and opioids. However, larger prospective studies are required to confirm this finding.
Comparison of granisetron and palonosetron in triplet anti-emetic prophylaxis in non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving cisplatin-based highly emetogenic chemotherapy
Authors: Araz Murat , Beypinar Ismail , Inci Fatih , Koral Lokman , Kocak Mehmet Zahid , Korkmaz Mustafa , Demirkıran Aykut , Eryilmaz Melek Karakurt , Artac Mehmet
Published: March 2022

Purpose: We compared the efficacy of first-generation granisetron and second-generation palonosetron in triplet anti-emetic prophylaxis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSLC) receiving cisplatin-based high emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC).Methods: This prospective, multicenter, non-randomized, observational study was conducted between June 2018 and December 2021. Patients diagnosed with NSCLC who received triplet anti-emetic prophylactic treatment with aprepitant and dexamethasone plus granisetron or palonosetron before the first cycle of chemotherapy were included in the study.At the end of the first week after chemotherapy, the emesis scale was applied to the patients during the outpatientcontrol. The primary endpoint was complete response (CR) and total control (TC).Results: One hundred twenty-one patients were included in the study. Sixty-one patients were in the granisetron group and 60 patients were in the palonosetron group. CR was higher with granisetron in the acute phase (70.5% vs. 58.3%, p=0.16; respectively) and higher with palonosetron in the delayed phase (61.7% vs. 55.7%, p=0.5; respectively), although not statistically significant. The TC rates were also not significantly different between the groups (54.1% vs.57.6%, p=0.69). Conclusion: There was no significant difference between granisetron and palonosetron in both acute and delayed control of emesis in NSCLC patients receiving cisplatin-based HEC.
Rigid Bronchoscopy With The Cuff: Retrospective Analysis of 10 Cases With New Method
Authors: Çetin Mehmet , Türk İlteriş
Published: March 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Finite Element Analysis of Biomechanical Effects of Proximal Femur Shortening After Intertrochanteric Fracture
Authors: Li Weilong , Dai Bo , Guo Jian , Shi Xuchao , Gu Jie , He Zhennian , Xu Yuanlin
Published: March 2022

Purpose
Proximal femoral shortening is common after intertrochanteric fractures treated with proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) .We investigated the effects of biomechanical stability of the proximal femur and helical blade which on proximal femoral shortening in intertrochanteric fractures treated with PFNA using the finite element method.
Methods
Using the computed tomography data of the proximal femur of a healthy middle-aged volunteer and Mimics software. We established the proximal femoral shortening model after intertrochanteric fracture (Evans-Jensen type III) treated with PFNA. The models were divided into non-shortening, mild shortening (4mm), moderate shortening (8mm), and severe shortening (12mm) group. Abaqus were used for mechanical analysis and to obtain the overall stiffness of the different models, stress and stress nephograms of the proximal femur, fracture surface, whole femur and helical blade.
Results
In the non-shortening, mild-, moderate-, and severe-shortening groups, the overall stiffness of the proximal femur was 6491.8N/mm, 7264.8N /mm, 8168.0N /mm and 9222.8 N /mm and the maximum stress in the cancellous bone area of the proximal femur was 4.39MPa, 3.96MPa, 3.63MPa and 3.43MPa respectively. The stress on the fracture surface gradually decreased, while the stress at the end of the helical blade increased. However, the stress at the tip decreased gradually with the increase in shortening of the proximal femur.
Conclusion
With increased proximal femur shortening, fracture stability gradually increases. Intertrochanteric fractures involving the lateral wall may increase the probability of screw blade nail withdrawal and decrease the probability of proximal cutting as shortening increases.
Memory Markers In The Continuum Of The Alzheimer’s Clinical Syndrome
Authors: Parra Mario A , Calia Clara , Pattan Vivek , Sala Sergio Della
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: The individual and complementary value of the Visual Short-Term Memory Binding Test (VSTMBT) and the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT) as markers to trace the AD continuum was investigated. It was hypothesised that the VSTMBT would be an early indicator while the FCSRT would inform on imminent progression. METHODS: Healthy older adults (n=70) and patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) (n=80) were recruited and followed up between 2012 and 2017. Participants with at least two assessments points entered the study. Using baseline and follow up assessments four groups were defined: Older adults how were healthy (HOA), with very mild cognitive but not functional impairment (eMCI), and with MCI who did and did not convert to dementia (MCI Converters and non-Converters). RESULTS: Only the VSTMBT predicted group membership in the very early stages (HOA vs eMCI). As the disease progressed, the FCSRT became a strong predictor excluding the VSTMB from the models. Their complementary value was high during the mid-prodromal stages and decreased in stages closer to dementia. DISCUSSION: The study support the notion that neuropsychological assessment for AD needs to abandon the notion of one-size-fits-all. A memory toolkit for AD needs to consider tools that are early indicators such as the VSTMBT and that suggest imminent progression such as the FSCRT.
Scientific publishing: a free-choice elective course for undergraduate Medical Students challenged by COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Elfakharany Yara M. , Domouky Ayat M. , Mesallam Dalia I.A. , Abdel-Kareem Reham H. , El-Sokkary rehab Hosny
Published: March 2022

Background: Scientific publishing is a crucial key competency in the newly integrated five years’ competency based undergraduate medical program adopted in Egypt since 2018. However, writing and publishing in peer-reviewed journals can be an overwhelming duty especially with the condensation of main curriculum and the challenge of the covid-19 pandemic. The aim of this work was to describe our experience in the design and implementation of a scientific publishing elective course challenged by the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: A four weeks’ duration course was offered for the 3rd year medical students by six staff members of different specialties and experience on how to prepare a review article to be ready for submission to an academic journal. Course learning outcomes focused on appropriate structure and writing of a review article, authorship and author order in research team, selecting suitable journal for publication and writing a cover letter for the submitted article. The students worked individually & in teams in synchronized and a-synchronized session. At the end of the course student and staff feedback were taken. Results: Out of 143 students joined the course, 89.6% students felt more knowledgeable about scientific publishing and 64.8% felt confident about submitting a good review article. Chief Points of strengths mentioned by students were Competent supervisors, an authentic experience in writing and publishing, team work, and properly prepared lectures. They showed their interest in joining an advanced level. While, limited course duration and face to face sessions due to covid lockdown, unsuitable timing of course delivery within the academic year, difficulty in communication and cooperation among team members with high work load for both students and staff, were the main points of weakness reported by both students and staff. Conclusion: scientific publishing is a suitable and interesting elective course for undergraduate medical students if successfully delivered in appropriate timing and duration with frequent synchronized sessions
BK Virus Viremia and Nephropathy in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Assessment of Predictive Factors, Low Dose Tacrolimus Plus Everolimus Effects and Viral Load
Authors: YILMAZ VURAL TANER , Kisaoglu Abdullah , Dandin Ozgur , Dinc Bora , Ozturk Sefa Alperen , Demiryilmaz Ismail , Mutlu Derya , Akkaya Bahar , Aydinli Bulent , Kocak Huseyin
Published: March 2022

Background
BK virus viremia or nephropathy is very important for graft survival and functions in renal transplant recipients. We aimed to determine the predictive factors of BK virus viremia or nephropathy, to discuss the effect of swiching to low dose tacrolimus plus everolimus and the viral load in kidney transplant patients.
Methods
3654 kidney transplant recipients were included in the study. Firstly, the patients were divided into two groups (Group 1: BKV (-) (n = 3525, 96.5%), Group 2: BKV viremia (+) (n = 129, viremia 3.5%, nephropathy 1%) were evaluated. Secondly, patients with BKV viremia / BKPyVAN were divided into two groups according to immunosuppressive changes (Group 2a: swiching to low dose tacrolimus plus everolimus (n = 54, 41.9%), Group 2b: swiching to other immunosuppressive protocols (n = 75, 58.1%) were evaluated. Thirdly, the cut-off value of the viral load amount (≥ 104 and < 104) was discussed.
Results
History of rejection, elderly recipient, cadaveric transplantation, use of anti-thymocyte globulin, tacrolimus and CMV viremia are predictive factors for BKV development. It was shown that the rate of viremia/nephropathy was highest in tacrolimus plus mycophenolic acid protocols, The use of low dose Tacrolimus plus Everolimus as an exchange protocol after BKV viremia or BKPyVAN had a positive effect on the outcomes, a viral load ≥ 104 was shown to be a significant cut-off value in terms of nephropathy development and graft survival.
Conclusion
BK virus development in kidney transplant recipients is multifactorial and it was thought that preventive measures may be more important than treatment.
Quantum enhanced metrology in the search for fundamental physical phenomena
Authors: Lehnert Konrad
Published: March 2022

These notes summarize lectures given at the 2019 Les Houches summer school on Quantum Information Machines. They describe and review an application of quantum metrology concepts to searches for ultralight dark matter. In particular, for ultralight dark matter that couples as a weak classical force to a laboratory harmonic oscillator, quantum squeezing benefits experiments in which the mass of the dark matter particle is unknown. This benefit is present even if the oscillatory dark matter signal is much more coherent than the harmonic oscillator that it couples to, as is the case for microwave frequency searches for dark matter axion particles.
Occurrence of Naegleria fowleri and faecal indicators in sediments from Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana
Authors: A. Shahin Shalina , H. Alarcon Joshua , Brosky Hanna N. , Lamori Jennifer G. , Dada Ayokunle C. , Xue Jia , Gyawali Pradip , P. Sherchan Samendra
Published: March 2022

The occurrence of amoeba, Naegleria fowleri, in sediment samples from Lake Pontchartrain in Louisiana was investigated. This amoeba is pathogenic and can cause primary amoebic meningoencephalitis. In this study, quantitative polymerase chain reaction methods were used to test for the prevalence of Naegleria fowleri, HF183, and E. coli. N. fowleri was detected in 51.25% of our sediment samples. Illumina sequencing of sediment samples revealed ten different phyla, with Cyanobacteria being the most predominant at sites that generally presented with the highest median N. fowleri concentrations. N. fowleri was however strongly negatively correlated with HF183 (r = −0.859, p < 0.001). Whenever sediment E. coli concentrations were below 1.54 Log GC/g, there was only a 37.5% chance that N. fowleri would be detected in the same sample. When sediment E. coli concentrations exceeded 2.77 Log GC/g, the chances of detecting N. fowleri in the same sample increased to 90%, potentially suggesting predatory activity by the amoeba. The effect of temperature was observed to be different in relation to observed N. fowleri concentrations and detection rates. Although sediment samples collected during periods of higher temperatures had significantly lower mean N. fowleri concentrations (2.7 Log GC/g) compared to those collected at lower temperatures (3.7 Log GC/g, t(39) = 4.167, p < 0.001), higher N. fowleri detection rates in the overall samples were observed at higher temperatures (>19.1 °C) than at lower temperatures (<19.1 °C).
Effective degradation of 1,2-dichloroethane in calcium peroxide activated by Fe(III): performance and mechanisms
Authors: Lu Zhanpeng , Zeng Guilu , Zhou Zhengyuan , Liu Yulong , Wang Peng , Sheng Xianxian , Dong Jiaqi , Idress Ayesha , Sui Qian , Lyu Shuguang
Published: March 2022

As a kind of refractory chlorinated hydrocarbon, 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA) has been frequently detected in contaminated groundwater, and it is hard for common technology to degrade it due to its stability. Moreover, the existence of 1,2-DCA can do harm to human organs. Hence, it is urgent to develop an effective technology for the remediation of 1,2-DCA-contaminated groundwater. In this study, a calcium peroxide (CaO2) system activated by Fe(III) was applied to the degradation of 1,2-DCA and 83.3% of 1,2-DCA could be effectively removed within 3 h when the molar ratio of CaO2/Fe(III)/1,2-DCA was 30/120/1. The results of probe experiments, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) detection, and scavenging tests demonstrated that both HO• and O2−• were the key factors for 1,2-DCA degradation. The released amount of Cl− (84.1%) revealed that most of the chlorine in 1,2-DCA could be dechlorinated. GC-MS was applied for the detection of intermediates during 1,2-DCA degradation and the possible degradation pathway was proposed that 1,2-DCA was first reduced to vinyl chloride (VC) and then oxidized to CO2 and H2O. Finally, 73.4% removal of 1,2-DCA could be achieved in actual groundwater when the molar ratio of CaO2/Fe(III)/1,2-DCA was 100/400/1, demonstrating that the CaO2/Fe(III) system has a remarkable prospect in 1,2-DCA-contaminated groundwater remediation.
MIR17HG: A Cancerogenic Long-Noncoding RNA in Different Cancers
Authors: Tan Fangshun , Chen Jinlan , Du Zhuoying , Zhao Fangnan , Liu Yuling , Zhang Qi , Yuan Chengfu
Published: March 2022

LncRNA MIR17HG, located at chromosome 13q31, plays an inevitable role in promoting tumor
progressions, such as tumorigenesis, proliferation, and metastasis. Besides, lncRNA MIR17HG is rare due to its
open reading frame (ORF), which can be translated to produce protein. By systematically retrieval, we summarized
that MIR17HG is an emerging lncRNA that exhibits carcinogenically in osteosarcoma (OS), glioma, cervical
squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), colorectal cancer (CRC), gastric cancer (GC), atypical teratoid
rhabdoid tumors (ATRT). Furthermore, a high expression level of MIR17HG protein is also linked with meningioma.
Additionally, MIR17HG polymorphisms in glioma, CRC, liver cancer (LC), breast cancer (BC), head
and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and multiple myeloma (MM) also have a large influence on cancer
susceptibility, prognosis, and so on. Collectively, long non-coding RNA MIR17HG’s tumor-stimulative role
could be a promising therapeutic target. Besides, by investigating patients’ MIR17HG single-nucleotide polymorphisms
(SNPs), clinicians could also personalize the productive interventions in gene therapy or predict the
diagnosis/prognosis precisely.
Factors Influencing Adherence to Antipsychotic Medications in Women with Delusional
Disorder: A Narrative Review
Authors: González-Rodríguez Alexandre , Monreal José A. , V. Seeman Mary
Published: March 2022

Background:

Adherence to medication regimens is of great importance in psychiatry because drugs
sometimes need to be taken for long durations in order to maintain health and function.

Objective:

This study aimed to review influences on adherence to antipsychotic medications, the treatment of
choice for the delusional disorder (DD), and to focus on adherence in women with DD.

Method:

This is a non-systematic narrative review of papers published since 2000 using PubMed and Google
Scholar, focusing on women with DD and medication adherence.

Results:

Several factors have been identified as exerting influence on adherence in women with persistent delusional
symptoms who are treated with antipsychotics. Personality features, intensity of delusion, perception of
adverse effects, and cognitive impairment are patient factors. Clinical time spent with the patient, clarity of
communication, and regular drug monitoring are responsibilities of the health provider. Factors that neither patient
nor clinician can control are the social determinants of health, such as poverty, easy access to healthcare,
and cultural variables.

Conclusions:

There has been little investigation of factors that influence adherence in the target population, e.g.,
women with DD. Preliminary results of this literature search indicate that solutions from outside the field of DD
may apply to this population. Overall, a solid therapeutic alliance appears to be the best hedge against nonadherence.
Production of Effective Phyto-antimicrobials via Metabolic Engineering
Strategies
Authors: Sharma Abhishek , Mistry Vyoma , Kumar Vinay , Tiwari Pragya
Published: March 2022

The emerging outbreak of infectious diseases poses a challenge and threatens human sur-vival. The indiscriminate use and drying pipelines of antibiotic arsenals have led to the alarming rise of drug-resistant pathogens, projecting a serious concern. The rising antimicrobial resistance and redundancy of antibiotic discovery platforms (ADPs) have highlighted the growing concern to discover new antibiotics, necessitating exploring natural products as effective alternatives to counter drug resistance. Recently, plants have been extensively investigated in search of the “phyto-therapeutics”, attributed to their potential efficacy and tackling the majority of the drug-resistant mechanisms, including biofilms, efflux pumps, cell communication, and membrane proteins. How-ever, major challenges in geographical fluctuations, low plant concentration, and over-harvestation of natural resources restrict availability and complete utilization of phyto-therapeutics as antimicro-bials. Recent advances in scientific interventions have been instrumental in producing novel antimi-crobials via metabolic engineering approaches in plant systems. The progress in plant genome edit-ing, pathway reconstitution, and expression has defined new paradigms in the successful production of antimicrobials in the post-antibiotic era. The thematic review discusses the existing and emerging significance of phytotherapeutics in tackling antimicrobial resistance and employing metabolic en-gineering approaches. The prevailing scenario of antimicrobial resistance and the mechanisms, the traditional and modern drug-discovery approaches in addressing antimicrobial resistance, emphasiz-ing advances in metabolic engineering approaches for antimicrobial production, and the plausible solutions for tackling drug-resistant pathogens, forms the key theme of the article.
The Immune System as a Therapeutic Target for Old and New Drugs in
Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Comi Cristoforo , Magistrelli Luca , Contaldi Elena
Published: March 2022

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons and intraneuronal accumulation of protein aggregates. The exact mechanisms leading to neuronal death in PD are not fully understood, but several different molecular pathways are involved, leading to the concept that molecular subtypes may coexist in the nosological spectrum of PD. To this respect, immune system activation, both in the periphery and inside the central nervous system, was detected as a common trait of several pathogenic pathways of PD. The current working hypothesis implies that immune cells shift towards a proinflammatory phenotype and trigger the production of neurotoxic cytokines, ultimately contributing to neurodegeneration. While it is very important to understand how commonly used antiparkinson drugs interact with such changes, the search for treatments which may directly or indirectly modulate immune function is a great opportunity for disease modification.
Cardiovascular Effects of Ranolazine and the Scope for Translational Research: A Current Review of Literature
Authors: Pratiti Rebecca , Sud Parul , Yousef Mohammad , Moza Ankush
Published: March 2022

The decline in deaths from cardiovascular diseases in line with scientific
developments between 1950-2010 was impressive. Despite these significant advances,
cardiovascular (CV) diseases remain the leading cause of death worldwide. According
to the World Health Organization (WHO) data, 17.9 million people die due to CV
diseases every year, which corresponds to 31% of the total deaths worldwide.
Therefore, for many CV diseases, there is still a need for improved treatment, and this
is only possible with the development of new drugs.
Although investments in the previous decade have resulted in the development of many
innovative drugs in the treatment of CV diseases, today, pharmaceutical companies are
less enthusiastic about developing CV drugs, mainly due to financial and regulatory
difficulties. Indeed, today, institutes, associations and even organizations such as WHO
are taking over the sponsorship role that pharmaceutical industry players have
abandoned. In parallel, cardiovascular pipeline activity is shifting from large
pharmaceutical companies to small and medium-sized companies and from fast following drugs to first-in classes. This transformation in CV drug discovery and
development reveals significant challenges that require square up to. The aim of this
chapter is to discuss the global challenges faced in CV drug discovery and development
to find effective solutions.
COVID-19: RELASI SOSIAL SISWA DI BANTEN PADA PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH (PJJ)
Authors: Yusuf Dede , Setiawan Rizki
Published: March 2022

Dampak pandemi covid-19 pada sektor pendidikan ialah pelaksanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh secara daring. Hal itu mereduksi sistem pendidikan dari berbagai aspek termasuk dimensi sosial. Aktivitas sosial yang biasa terjadi di sekolah tidak memungkinkan dilakukan sehingga terjadi hambatan terhadap proses sosial secara langsung antar siswa. Oleh karena itu,  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan bagaimana relasi sosial siswa SMA lokal Banten dalam situasi Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ) di tengah pandemi covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu: kuantitas interaksi langsung tatap muka bersifat jarang dan tidak sukarela. Interaksi tidak langsung melalui media teknologi bersifat intens dan terjalin keakraban pada pola interaksi tidak langsung secara online.
PENERAPAN HIDDEN CURRICULUM PADA PROSES PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 : PERSPEKTIF SOSIOLOGI KURIKULUM
Authors: Maemun Elvanisa , Widiansyah Subhan
Published: March 2022

Tujuan yang hendak dicapai dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah : 1) Untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan Hidden Curriculum dalam pengembangan nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter/budi pekerti dalam proses pembelajaran online. 2) Untuk mengetahui kajian Sosiologi Kurikulum dalam membahas Hidden Curriculum. 3) Untuk mengetahui bagaimana tanggapan dari adanya kurikulum darurat atau penyederhanaan kurikulum pendidikan di masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dan observasi, serta analisis data primer dan sekunder untuk melengkapi kebutuhan data penelitian. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Sosiologi UNTIRTA angkatan 2018. Hasil yang didapat dari penelitian ini adalah : 1) Proses pembelajaran online selama masa pandemi Covid-19 menjadi pilihan dan alternatif yang baik. 2) Penerapan nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter/budi pekerti dalam Hidden Curriculum pada proses pembelajaran online dirasa belum optimal. 3) Penyederhanaan kurikulum pendidikan di masa pandemi Covid-19 cenderung mendapat tanggapan yang positif dan dapat diterima dengan baik.
PENGARUH KESENJANGAN DIGITAL TERHADAP KEGAGALAN E-GOVERNMENT MELALUI LAYANAN JAKWIR CETEM
Authors: Hadimulyo Cahyo , Pratiwi Poerwanti Hadi
Published: March 2022

Kesenjangan digital merupakan salah satu hambatan sosial sekaligus faktor terjadinya kegagalan dalam penerapan E-Government. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kesenjangan digital dan kegagalan E-Government melalui Layanan Jakwir Cetem pada masyarakat Panggung, Kota Tegal, serta korelasi dan pengaruh dari dua variabel tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survei yang dilakukan kepada 156 responden. Analisis data menggunakan analisis data statistik inferensial, meliputi Uji T Satu Sampel, Korelasi Pearson Product Moment, dan Regresi Linier Sederhana melalui SPSS versi 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukan tingkat kesenjangan digital masyarakat Panggung, Kota Tegal sebesar 42,43 dalam kategori tinggi. Tingkat kegagalan E-Government melalui Layanan Jakwir Cetem juga dalam kategori tinggi yakni sebesar 87,37. Kedua variabel memiliki korelasi positif, kuat, dan signifikan dengan nilai korelasi 0,675. Semakin tinggi tingkat kesenjangan digital maka semakin tinggi pula tingkat kegagalan E-Government melalui Layanan Jakwir Cetem. Terakhir, diketahui kesenjangan digital mampu mempengaruhi kegagalan E-Government melalui Layanan Jakwir Cetem sebesar 45,6%.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM SIAGA KEPENDUDUKAN PADA SMAN 1 NGAGLIK SLEMAN
Authors: Kartikasari Yulia , Hidayah Nur
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi program sekolah siaga kependudukan di SMA N 1 Ngaglik Sleman dan mengetahui faktor pendorong serta faktor penghambat dari implementasi program tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Informan pada penelitian ini berjumlah 10 orang yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Validitas data yang digunakan dengan triangulasi sumber dan teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis model Miles dan Hubberman. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa program sekolah siaga kependudukan diterapkan melalui integrasi pendidikan kependudukan kedalam proses pembelajaran dan kegiatan sekolah. Pada proses pembelajaran, pendidikan kependudukan diintegrasikan kedalam mata pelajaran dengan kompetensi dasar yang telah diseleksi dan relevan dengan materi yang diajarkan. Pada kegiatan sekolah, pendidikan kependudukan diajarkan melalui kegiatan ekstrakurikuler pramuka dan PIK-R. Proses implementasi program ini juga dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor pendorong yaitu: 1) dukungan dari guru; dan 2) fasilitas yang mendukung. Sedangkan faktor penghambatnya yaitu: 1) kesulitan mengintegrasikan pendidikan kependudukan pada kompetensi dasar; 2) adanya pandemi Covid-19; 3) kesulitan dalam mengadakan sarana prasarana; dan 4) biaya mahal.
Efektivitas model scientific based learning pada peningkatan prestasi psikomotor siswa
Authors: Rochmah Evy Nur
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: untuk menguji keefektifan model scientific based learning pada peningkatan prestasi psikomotor siswa. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan pre-exsperimental design one-group pretest-posttest design. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan terdiri dari lembar observasi pengelolaan pembelajaran, lembar observasi kegiatan siswa, dan lembar tes. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa SD kelas II di Kecamatan Mlati yang tersebar di tiga sekolah. Responden dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 101 orang. Hasil uji keefektifan menunjukkan bahwa model scientific based learning dalam peningkatan prestasi psikomotor siswa SD kelas II memenuhi kriteria keefektifan berdasarkan hasil observasi kegiatan siswa, pengelolaan guru,  pretest dan posttest. Pada uji keefektifan yang dilakukan, menunjukkan ada peningkatan skor rata-rata pada aspek psikomotor pada uji coba terbatas sebesar 20 poin. Pada uji coba lapangan menunjukkan peningkatan skor pada aspek psikomotor sebesar 25,3 poin. Pada uji coba operasional menunjukkan peningkatan skor pada aspek psikomotor sebesar 32,1 poin dengan skor maksimal 100 poin. Dari hasil uji keefektifan tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa model scientific based learning efektif digunakan pada peningkatan prestasi psikomotor siswa.Kata kunci: model scientific, psikomotor
Pendampingan penyusunan proposal penelitian tindakan kelas di sekolah dasar pada era kenormalan baru
Authors: Pujiastuti Pratiwi , Firdaus Fery Muhamad , Herwin Herwin , Arlinda Rossy , Akbaresti Devie Anggita , Pertiwi Latif
Published: March 2022

Kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini dilaksanakan atas dasar kebutuhan dari kelompok sasaran. Tujuan dilaksanakan kegiatan ini untuk memberikan wawasan dan keterampilan kepada guru SD dalam menyusun proposal penelitian tindakan kelas dalam melakukan perbaikan suatu masalah di dalam kelasnya masing-masing. Pendampingan ini diikuti oleh guru SD di lingkungan Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Peserta berjumlah 25 orang guru. Metode yang digunakan dalam PPM ini yaitu pelatihan, diskusi dan curah pendapat, praktik penyusunan proposal penelitian dan pendampingan. Adapun tahapan kegiatan meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi dan tindak lanjut. Berdasarkan penilaian terhadap produk yang dihasilkan peserta, maka kemampuan peserta untuk menyusun perencanaan proposal penelitian tindakan kelas, serta pelaksanaan dalam pembuatan proposal penelitian tindakan kelas dapat dinyatakan sudah terampil dan baik.