bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Work of higher education institutes in Kuibyshev in extreme wartime conditions
Authors: Ryabov V. V. , Kozlovskaya G. E.
Published: July 2020

The article analyses the work of institutes in the city of Kuibyshev during the second world war. The war terms for the higher education institutions in the city of Kuibyshev were caused by the beginning of the Great Patriotic War and set by the normative legal acts which were adopted by federal and municipal, government and party authority. According to these acts all the institutes lost the main part of learning campuses, some of them were supposed to be closed. Laboratories and educational property were moved to the warehouse and as a result lost its value for educational process. It reveals the initiative position of institute directors who objected to closing the institutes and offered the plans of institute work in extreme wartime conditions. The educational process was organized in the own remaining areas as well as in the rented schools and technical colleges in the evening and even night time. The diverse institute work such as learning, scientific, educative, public, economic was changed according to the current objectives and tasks of the state. Moreover, the authors show the contribution of Kuibyshev institutes into the Victory.The authors conclude that spiritual and physical overtension of teaching staff and students, their firm civil position, the support of local party and government authority helped to keep Kuibyshev institutes as the higher education institution system which promoted establishing a strong industrial center during the postwar period in Kuibyshev region.
Using the associative method of studying the text during university classes in literary disciplines
Authors: Golubkov S. A.
Published: July 2020

The article deals with the productive possibilities of the associative method of studying a literary text at university classes in literary disciplines. The student's creative thinking is characterized by the ability to generate new and sometimes unexpected semantic connections. Creative thinking largely depends on the so-called associative flexibility. There are several areas in the university teaching of literary studies in which the associative method of studying the text is effective. These are areas determined by the specifics of the type of artistic thinking, the specifics of a particular genre, and the individual manner of the writer. The method of developing associative thinking is important in the study of lyrical prose, where the specific weight of subtextual semantic nuances is high. Another area of literary studies in which an associative method of understanding a text is appropriate is the study of irony, including parody as ironic stylization. The very process of laughable reinterpretation of a foreign word implies the presence of a potential arsenal of situational associative references. At the same time, classes in literary studies use not only literary texts that are part of the main body of Russian literature, but also the range of phenomena that belongs to the so-called creative laboratory of the writer: writer's diaries, notebooks, work records, epistolary heritage. The method of associative study of the text can be used in the course of classes on practical poetics, where students comprehend all the complexities of the artistic form of a literary work. Using the associative method of studying a literary text helps to better understand the nature of the dialogical interaction between the writer and the reader, because a literary work is nothing more than a replica in the ongoing communication between the author and the recipient of his creation. This communication has its own hidden languages. A literary work can be called a meaning-intensive space of meeting and touching the associative fields of the writer and the reader. The educational tasks that can be solved by the associative method of learning are diverse. This technology helps to effectively assimilate special terminology; understand internal system connections in a literary text; establish significant connections between a specific literary phenomenon and the historical and literary context, cultural epoch; form and enrich connections between a specific writer's manner (stylistic originality) and the national Fund of the Russian language; identify cross-references between a specific literary phenomenon and the national cultural code; to determine the balance of traditional and innovative in relation to a specific literary text.
Acmeological resources of personal development in the paradigm of humanistic pedagogy
Authors: Kurylenko L. V.
Published: July 2020

The article explores the problem of interaction of the individual and society, which together determines the identification and differentiation of the unique and universal personality with the goal of proportional development of the individual in society. The necessity and possibility of developing a unique and universal personality are proved on the basis of the principles of harmony and unity. It is argued that the proportional development of the individual in society is ensured by acmeological postulates that act as a trigger mechanism. The acmeological conditions of personality development are proposed and substantiated, relying on the idea of harmonizing the unique and universal in the personality, the role of which is played by the conditions: for the growth of the personalitys self, development of its emotional sphere, creation of a favorable environment and conditions for the person to master the system of social roles. Together, they all represent the acmeological resources of personality development. As a result of identifying and arguing the group of acmeological conditions for the development of personality, a number of patterns are identified that help to solve the problems of harmonious development of the personality against the background of the universal and identification of uniqueness of personality with the universal.
Itinerários memoriais: a cidade e seus patrimônios culturais na narrativa turística
Authors: Morigi Valdir Jose , Milani Luciana , Massoni Luis Fernando Herbert
Published: July 2020

Analisa a narrativa turística e as informações sobre os lugares, monumentos, espaços arquitetônicos e eventos de Porto Alegre divulgadas durante o percurso realizado pela Linha Turismo Centro Histórico. Pesquisa qualitativa realizada em 2018 que utiliza como métodos a narratologia e a observação participante. São divulgadas informações históricas e singulares sobre os bairros, os personagens, as ruas, as praças, os monumentos, dentre outros atrativos históricos e culturais da cidade. Conclui-se que o roteiro turístico Centro Histórico auxilia na construção de um itinerário memorial sobre Porto Alegre e as narrativas turísticas veiculadas sobre a cidade visibilizam os seus patrimônios culturais.
Diálogos com o “realismo marginal” e a crítica à branquidade: por que a dogmática processual penal “não vê” o racismo institucional da gestão policial nas cidades brasileiras?
Authors: Duarte Evandro Charles Piza
Published: July 2020

O texto tematiza as relações entre discurso jurídico e racismo institucional no Brasil. Trata, especificamente, da violência silenciosa contida na forma como o próprio discurso jurídico qualifica (ou não qualifica) as violências das formas de gestão dos espaços urbanos e dos espaços de encarceramento. Empenha-se em compreender o papel dos juristas na reprodução dessa violência cotidiana. Para exemplificar, propõe a interpretação dos textos de Eugênio Raúl Zaffaroni sobre as relações entre a violência institucional e o papel de uma dogmática penal crítica para conter a seletividade da agência policial. Desde o Realismo Marginal (e de sua crítica), sugere que a branquidade é essencial para entender os limites das melhores propostas de reconstrução da dogmática, pois a formação tradicional acadêmica provoca efeitos concretos de violência sobre os corpos negros. Logo, a crítica à dogmática penal necessita ser situada para além da crítica de suas promessas não realizadas. O processo de racialização dos saberes e das práticas jurídicas deve ser compreendido nas articulações entre o dito e o não-dito. Logo, deve incluir os não-ditos dessas promessas de racionalização da violência institucional, e nominar os que ficaram fora do pacto da branquidade de garantia de direitos.
Critical considerations on Artificial Intelligence liability: e-personality propositions
Authors: Divino Sthéfano Bruno Santos
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo objetiva discutir a noção de responsabilidade pelos atos praticados por entidades inteligentes artificialmente. Incumbe ao primeiro tópico a análise e definição do termo inteligência artificial, enquanto o segundo pretende discutir e teorizar as diretrizes da responsabilidade em sentido amplo dessas entidades. Ao final, propõe-se que, apesar de tais entidades possuírem certo grau de autonomia, inexiste a presença de subjetividade em seus desígnios. Portanto, atribuir a causa e responsabilidade pessoalmente aos atos ilícitos cometidos por uma IA pode inviabilizar a produção científica-jurídica e legal. Como meio alternativo, propõe-se a incisão de uma responsabilidade objetiva para eventual resolução dos litígios que possam surgir a partir deste contexto. Ancora-se o presente raciocínio nos métodos de pesquisa dedutivo e integrado, bem como na hermenêutica legislativa.
O fascismo eterno, uma resenha
Authors: Ricciardi Sbizera José Alexandre
Published: July 2020

ECO, Umberto. O fascismo eterno. Trad. Eliana Aguiar. Rio de Janeiro: Record, 2018. 63p.
Модификация архетипических сюжетов в современных аудиовизуальных медиа
Authors: Шестерина А.М.
Published: July 2020

Отмечаемые многими исследователями технико-технологические и структурныеизменения в медиасфере актуализируют вопрос о том, насколько эти трансформации затрагиваютсодержательную сторону медиаконтента. Современные медиа вырабатывают новый язык,основанный на новейших технологиях в сфере медиапроизводства и доставки информацииаудитории, однако к концептуальным изменениям на содержательном уровне, на уровне поискасмыслов это не приводит. В связи с этим автором сделан компаративный анализ сюжетныхособенностей современного аудиовизуального контента как в его телевизионной форме, так и вформате видеоблогов. Исследован процесс модификации традиционных архетипических сюжетовв контексте современных медийных процессов. Выявлена черта, отличающая видеоблогеров отавторов традиционного телеконтента. Если последние стремятся к поиску оригинальных формвнутри существующих форматов, то первые нередко пытаются копировать популярные сюжетныесхемы практически без их верификации. Объяснение этому явлению мы находим всформированном сетевой средой Net-мышлении и предполагаем, что оно исчезнет по мерепрофессионализации блогосферы.
Процесс формирования психолого-педагогических компетенций у педагогов образовательных организаций
Authors: Беспаленко Е.М.
Published: July 2020

При реализации профессиональной деятельности педагога важной и необходимойявляется психолого-педагогическая компетенция, вопрос формирования которой остается невполне изученным. В связи с этим автором предпринята попытка дать научное обоснованиепроцесса формирования психолого-педагогических компетенций у педагогов образовательныхорганизаций во время прохождения курсов повышения квалификации. В исследовании принялиучастие 125 педагогов образовательных организаций Воронежа и области, обучающихся подополнительным образовательным программам. Результаты исследования показали, чтоиспользованный комплекс специальных психологических методик, направленных на изменениепсихолого-педагогических знаний у педагогов является эффективным для формированияпсихолого-педагогических компетенций в том случае, если проблемные курсы повышенияквалификации будут увеличены до 108–144 часов.
Возможности использования мобильного обучения (m-learning) в процессе изучения английского языка для профессиональных целей (ESP)
Authors: Данилова В.А. , Шихалкина Т.Г.
Published: July 2020

Проанализированы различные методики преподавания английского языка дляпрофессиональных целей (ESP) с использованием мобильных устройств, а также представленширокий спектр заданий, разработанных авторами. Исследование основано на результатах опросастудентов 1 и 4 курсов Школы дизайна, Высшей школы экономки после применения методикмобильного обучения. Результаты исследования показывают, что большинство студентов первогокурса предпочитают проходить обучение с использованием мобильных технологий. Отметим, чтоспектр заданий, предлагаемых в рамках мобильного обучения, включает в себя онлайнтестирование, задания на расширение словарного запаса и практику устной речи. Однаконекоторые студенты Школы дизайна Высшей школы экономики настороженно воспринимаютнововведения, так как считают традиционные методики преподавания английского языка болееэффективными.
Имидж-образующий контент личности учителя в современном образовательном пространстве
Authors: Коренецкая И.Н. , Кузьмиченко А.А. , Мацевич С.Ф.
Published: July 2020

В условиях расширения международного взаимодействия, роста числа участниковпрограмм академической мобильности особое значение имеет уровень иноязычной подготовки.Целью данного экспериментального исследования является определение контента и структурыимидж-образующих характеристик будущих учителей иностранного языка. В связи с этимвозникает вопрос: какими личностными качествами должны обладать будущие учителя, которыхмы готовим к работе в «школах будущего»? Мы изучили понятие «имидж»; исследовалиструктуру и функции имиджа учителя иностранного языка; провели анкетирование средистудентов направления «Педагогическое образование», профиль «Иностранные языки», а такжесреди учащихся 9-х и 10-х классов школ г. Пскова и их родителей с целью определениякомпонентов имиджа педагога, имеющих важное значение для них; на основе теоретико-методологической базы разработали методические рекомендации по формированию имиджабудущего учителя иностранного языка.
Морфемный состав слова в русском и китайском языках: сопоставительный анализ
Authors: Багдуева А.В.
Published: July 2020

Хотя морфемы всесторонне изучены и теоретически обоснованы, на сегодняшниймомент отсутствует сопоставительный анализ морфемного строя данных языков. Наличиеподобного анализа способно послужить лучшему пониманию структуры неродного языка, азначит, содействовать формированию лексической и грамматической компетенции. В связи сэтим, автором рассматриваются и сопоставляются единицы русского и китайского слова. Путемтеоретического анализа выявляются основные расхождения, сходства и взаимосвязи вклассификации морфем. Автор также объясняет и обосновывает основные принципы морфемногоразбора в данных языках. Результаты исследования могут представлять интерес для русистов икитаистов при создании упражнений для решения лингвистической задачи – членения слова насоставляющие.
Интердискурсивность и особенности ее проявления в спортивном дискурсе
Authors: Пантеева К.В.
Published: July 2020

Материалом исследования послужили скрипты видеозаписей международныхспортивных соревнований с комментариями российских и британских тележурналистов, а такженовостные тексты на сайте Федерации фигурного катания России и на сайте Международногосоюза конькобежцев. Разграничены понятия «дискурсность», «интердискурсивность» и«интертекстуальность». Выделены и проанализированы признаки интердискурсивности в такихжанрах спортивного дискурса, как спортивный комментарий, спортивная новость и спортивноепревью. Сделан вывод о том, что для спортивного дискурса наиболее значимыми являютсяпересечения с масс-медийным, персональным, политическим и рекламным типами дискурса.
How Situation Affects Risk Taking Behavior
Authors: Dananjaya Dr. Yanuar
Published: July 2020

This paper examines how situation affects risk taking behavior. Two theories predict different outcomes on the effect of situation to risk taking. House Money Effect predicts that positive situation will result in increased risk taking due to availability of slack that can be risked. On the other hand, negative situation will decrease risk taking because of reduced slack. Thus House Money Effect describes positive relation between situation and risk taking behavior. On the contrary according to Reflection Effect from Prospect Theory, human beings are risk averse in gain situation but risk seeking in loss situation. Reflection Effect thus predicts that positive situation will result in decreased risk taking while negative situation will result in increased risk taking, in other word negative relation between situation and risk taking. To test which theory better describes the relation between situation and risk taking behavior, we examine how company performance affects risk taking behavior of the top management. Company performance is proxied using Return of Asset. Risk taking behavior is proxied using change of debt level. The result shows negative relation between situation and risk taking, and thus support Reflection Effect in Prospect Theory.
The Influence of Solid Palm Oil Waste and Npk Fertilizer on the Growth and the Production of Green Eggplant (Solanum MelongenaL.)
Authors: Purba Rosmadelina , Purba Jonner , Damanik Furqon Harkesa
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this research was to discover the effect of solid and NPK fertilizer, as well as the interaction of solid and NPK fertilizer on the growth and production of green eggplant. This research used a factorial randomized block design with two treatment factors, namely the first factor: Administrationof oil palm solid which consisted of 4 levels of treatment, namely: S0 = No palm oilwaste solid; S1 = Administration of palm oil waste solid at 0.5 kg/m2; S2 = Administration of palm oil waste solid at 1 kg/m2; S3 = Administration of palm oil waste solid at 1.5 kg/m2. The second factor is the addition of NPK fertilizer per plant (J) consisting of 3 levels of treatment, namely: J0 = 0 g/plant; J1 = 5 g/plant; J2 = 10 g/plant. The results showed that solid treatment significantly affected the plants height at ages 2, 4, and 6 MST, flowering age, production per plant, and production per plot. The treatment of Solid S3 produced the highest plants aged 2, 4, and 6 MST, respectively (21.78 cm), (53.45 cm), and (77.78 cm), the fastest flowering age (32.89 days), highest production per plant (1748.77 g), and highest production per plot (21.89 kg). The NPK treatment significantly affected the plants height at ages 4 and 6 WAP, flowering age, production per plant, and production per plot. The NPK J2 fertilizer dosage treatment produced the highest plants aged 4 and 6 WAP, respectively (47.83 cm), and (75.84 cm), the fastest flowering age (32.91 days), the highest production per plant (1562.91 g), and the highest production per plot (19.86 kg). The interaction treatment of the NPK fertilizer and solid administration did not significantly affect all parameters. The combination of S3J2 produced the highest plants aged 2 and 6 WAP, respectively (22.33 cm) and (79.67 cm), the fastest flowering age (32.33 days), the highest production per plant (1816.67 g), the and highest production per plot (22.49 kg).
Perception of Marital Satisfaction Among Couples in the Asante Akim North Area
Authors: Amoah Charles Agyei , Agyemang Thomas , Agyemang Samuel , Sekyi John Richmond
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the study was to investigate the perception couple holds that may knit marriages together in order to avert many crises that are common in marriages in the Asante Akim North Area. Two research questions and two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The survey design which involves the qualitative and quantitative approach was employed for the study. The simple random sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 200 respondents (thus 100 males and 100 female couples) for the study. The study sought the views of respondents using questionnaires and focus group interview was the main instrument used for the study. Data were analyzed using various analytical techniques and t-tests. Among the present study’s findings was that there was no statistically significant sex difference in what constitute marital satisfaction. The findings also suggested that there was no statistically significant age difference in what constitute marital satisfaction.The study concluded that; intimacy in a relationship is very important particularly with reference to how we spend our time. A lot of the frictions that do come into marriages are as a result of lack of spending time together during leisure time. Couples that had fun together during leisure time were found to be more satisfied in their marriages. It was recommended that, there is the need for effective Guidance and Counselling service concerning home management and financial management on the part of couples and also newly married, aspirants and the youth should seek counselling about marriage, concerning joys and problems.
Starzenie się ludności w polskich miastach
Authors: Janiszewska Anna
Published: July 2020

Mieszkańcy miast w Polsce stanowią ponad 60% ludności kraju. W systemie osadniczym naszego kraju występuje wykształcona, kilkustopniowa struktura hierarchiczna miast, a stolica kraju odznacza się niewielką, na tle innych krajów europejskich, przewagą nad innymi ośrodkami regionalnymi. Rozmieszczenie miast, zwłaszcza małych i średniej wielkości, jest równomierne w przestrzeni. Te cechy systemu osadniczego wskazują, że jest to system policentryczny. Obserwowane od kilkudziesięciu lat przemiany demograficzne w Polsce, w tym także starzenie się ludności, dotyczą mieszkańców miast zarówno dużych, średnich, jak i małych. Jednak poziom starzenia się mieszkańców miast różnej wielkości, a także dynamika tego procesu są zróżnicowane przestrzennie. Głównym celem opracowania jest określenie poziomu i dynamiki starzenia się mieszkańców miast małych, średnich oraz dużych w Polsce.
Decisão das fronteiras verticais da firma: Considerações de complementaridade
Authors: Fortes Bianca Jupiara , Souza Jo´se Paulo de
Published: July 2020

Este ensaio objetivou apresentar como uma abordagem orientada por proposições de complementaridade teórica da teoria dos Custos de Transação (TCT); Custos de Mensuração (TCM) e Visão Baseada em Recursos (VBR), pode alicerçar a compreensão da adoção da estrutura de governança de integração vertical. Buscou-se, portanto, a proposta de um esquema teórico, a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa fundamentada no conceito de complementaridade. Constatou-se que a transação de ativos de alta especificidade (TCT) e de difícil mensuração (TCM) justificam a integração vertical, mas a teoria da VBR aponta que a escolha dos agentes depende também da disponibilidade de capacidades e recursos. Assim, a formulação dessa proposição teórica busca contribuir para a análise empírica das cadeias produtivas considerando aspectos organizacionais e estratégicos.
Konflik Peran Perawat Perempuan pada RSUD Dr. Agoesdjam Kabupaten Ketapang Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Rupita Rupita
Published: July 2020

Manajemen waktu diperlukan bagi perempuan yang bekerja sebagai perawat dalam menjalankan peran dan statusnya di keluarga dan di rumah sakit. Perempuan yang bekerja menjadi perawat sekaligus sebagai ibu rumah tangga harus melayani kebutuhan keluarga sehingga menimbulkan konflik peran. Konflik yang muncul dikarenakan tanggung jawab terhadap keluarga mengganggu tanggung jawab terhadap pekerjaan disebut konflik keluarga terhadap pekerjaan. Metode penelitian yang diguanakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Lokasi penelitian ini di RSUD dr. Agoesdjam Ketapang. Temuan penelitian ini bahwa manajemen waktu perempuan yang bekerja sebagai perawat dalam menjalankan peran sebagai ibu rumah tangga di-setting sedemikian rupa agar tidak ada pekerjaan dan tanggung jawab yang tidak mereka selesaikan, baik itu tanggung jawab di rumah tangga maupun tanggung jawab di rumah sakit. Strategi dalam menyeimbangkan peran di dalam rumah tangga dan pekerjaan yaitu adanya pertukaran peran di dalam rumah tangga antara suami dan istri, bantuan dari orang tua atau mertua dalam pengasuhan anak, dan menggunakan alat dan fasilitas yang memudahkan dan mengefisienkan waktu perempuan dalam mengerjakan pekerjaan rumah. Temuan penelitian ini adalah adanya manajemen waktu yang baik pada perempuan yang bekerja sebagai perawat dalam menjalani perannya sebagai ibu rumah tangga, istri sekaligus sebagai perawat di rumah sakit.(Time management is needed for women who work as nurses in carrying out their roles and status in the family and in the hospital. Women who work as nurses as well as housewives must serve the needs of their families, causing role conflict. Conflicts that arise because of responsibility for the family disrupting responsibility for work are called family conflicts against work. The research method used qualitative approach. The location of this study was at the RSUD dr. Agoesdjam Ketapang. The findings of this research that time management of women who work as nurses in carrying out their roles as housewives is in such a way that there is no work and responsibility that they do not complete, both in the household and in the hospital. Strategies in balancing roles in the household and work, namely the exchange of roles in the household between husband and wife, assistance from parents or in-laws in parenting, and using tools and facilities that facilitate and streamline women's time in doing homework. The findings of this study are that there is good time management for women who work as nurses in carrying out their roles as housewives, wives as well as nurses in hospitals.)
‘I have a story to tell’: Researching migrant women’s experiences of female genital mutilation and gender-based violence in Ireland and Europe
Authors: O’Brien Green Siobán
Published: July 2020

This article presents insights and practical lessons learned from multiple studies the author has undertaken and participated in as principal or co-researcher and/or provided expert guidance to in Ireland and Europe. These studies primarily focus on gender-based violence (GBV) and female genital mutilation (FGM) and given their foci, have an implicit need for cognisance of child protection, legislation and onward referral procedures. The research issues of interest are often considered taboo, private, not to be discussed outside immediate family and shameful. There are multiple practical and logistical barriers, as well as language and psycho-social obstacles, to participating in, and undertaking, research on these issues. The article discusses the approaches and routes taken to recruit women affected and impacted by the issues of FGM and GBV for research studies. The responsibility on researchers to present research study findings in a sensitive manner which does not add stigma to marginalised and vulnerable groups, but that enables policy makers to utilise the research for legislative and practical purposes, is also discussed.Keywords: gender-based violence (GBV); female genital mutilation (FGM); migration; ethics; stigma; research design
The effect of Social Support on Community College Students Experiencing Food Insecurity: An Overlooked Population
Authors: O'Neill Marissa
Published: July 2020

Food and housing security among college students is emerging as a state and national issue. In 2016, 656 students at a California community college completed an online survey. While 42% were food secure, 26% ranked low, and 32% as very low. A regression analysis was performed to assess formal and informal social supports associated with food security. The struggle for nutrition before college was the strongest predictor (B=1.816***), of food insecurity. Mental health problems (B=.978***) also contribute while sharing meals (B=-1.122**), was a protective factor. Results illustrates the need for a greater understanding of the challenges students face. College students are an overlooked population in need of intervention by social workers. Suggestions for intervention are discussed.
The role of paid sick leave benefits on employees and public health
Authors: DeRigne LeaAnne , Stoddard-Dare Patricia
Published: July 2020

There is growing momentum toward mandating paid sick leave benefits in countries without comprehensive social insurance programs. The goal of these mandates is to protect public health and provide employees with ways to manage health and caregiving responsibilities. In an effort to inform the discussion this article reviews all the scholarly evidence on the role of paid sick leave benefits on employees and family health and public health concerns. A systemic review of the literature was conducted identifying 29 relevant articles. The research falls into four broad domains: impact on employment, work/family conflict, public health and worker health. It is clear more research is needed to evaluate the impact of paid sick leave as policy makers and employers contemplate expanding access to this employee health benefit.
Profiling of Student-Athletes using Protective Behavioral Strategies and Alcohol Use Based on Cluster Analysis Assignment
Authors: Sanders Lindsey , Dudley William , Milroy Jeffrey , Wyrick David
Published: July 2020

An estimated 2 in 3 college students report consuming alcohol in the past month and 44% of students report engaging in high risk or heavy episodic drinking at least once in the previous 2 weeks. Despite evidence suggesting that participation in sports may be a protective factor for the use of alcohol, recent data from the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), finds that 77% college student-athletes report use. Though overall prevalence rates of alcohol consumption are similar among college student-athletes and non-athletes, student-athletes are more likely to engage in binge or high-risk drinking as compared to their non-athlete peers. An overwhelming majority of studies found that protective behavioral strategy (PBS) use was associated with less drinking and alcohol-related problems. There are sport-related factors that have been assessed to determine their association with use of alcohol-related PBS. With known factors in mind, prevention programs are typically developed to effect distal outcomes by way of these, more proximal, intermediate constructs that are thought to be related to the health problem of interest. The purpose of the current study was to examine the structural features that influence whether a given student-athlete will be categorized into one of three groups; a) high-risk drinking behaviors, b) moderate risk drinking behaviors, or c) low risk drinking behaviors.
In search of social work's post-risk paradigm
Authors: Smeeton Joseph Karl
Published: July 2020

This paper describes a paradigmatic shift in child protection practice within the UK, arguing that there is a move away from the risk paradigm but that its replacement is not yet defined. The paper draws upon the critical literature to elucidate this shift and to give examples and arguments for why the risk paradigm is unsustainable and how this has created an essential tension within the profession. The paper finds that while the case against the risk perspective is strongly argued there is not yet a coherent perspective to replace it. The author suggests that this is problematic as practitioners are left with a toolkit of technical interventions to guide their practice but what is missing is the capacity to develop an ethic of practice due to a failure of social work in the UK to engage with philosophical questions about its remit. The paper concludes that social work education needs to focus more on ethical fluency rather than being stuck on statistical understandings of practice and policy in order to achieve a shift in paradigm from ‘risk’ to ‘ethics’.
The Loss: Conceptualising Biographical Experiences of Disability, Social Isolation and Emotional Loneliness in North-East England
Authors: Deacon Lesley , Macdonald Stephen J. , Nixon Jacqueline , Akintola Abisope Rhoda , Dore Samouka , Ellis Gillian , Gillingham Anna , Highmore Liz , Ismail Abolaji , Kent Jacqueline , Matthews Debbie , Sullivan Sylvia
Published: July 2020

Research into experiences of social isolation and loneliness has predominantly focused on older adults, i.e. post-retirement, as a significant at-risk group. Similarly, research exploring disability and loneliness has been associated with old age and conceptualised as an inevitable outcome of ‘failing’ health. This study seeks to conceptualise experiences of disability from a wider age group to understand if occurrences of social isolation and loneliness are commonplace. Fifteen qualitative biographical narrative interviews were completed by a Community Research Team, including seven males and eight females aged 32–89. A Disability Studies approach was applied to identify significant pathways from isolation into emotional loneliness, experienced by participants; fourteen of whom were affected by disability issues. Key risk factors were identified relating to disabled participants’ experiences of ‘loss’. Loss was associated with ‘loss of ability’, ‘loss due to bereavement’, ‘loss of social connectivity’ and ‘loss of self-confidence’. Participants connected life events concerning loss with spending time alone, leading to feelings of emotional loneliness. The findings illustrate key risk factors in being alone during evenings and weekends, periods where disabled participants were most likely to experience subjective feelings of emotional loneliness. (NOTE: The views expressed in this article are those of the authors not necessarily those of their employing agencies.)
Deliver us from evil: The role of faith and family in coping with stress among African migrants in Australia
Authors: Ikafa Irene , Hack-Polay Dieu
Published: July 2020

The paper examines stressors affecting involuntary and voluntary African migrants in Australia and how they cope with stress. Using semi-structured interviews, the paper examines the experiences of 30 African migrants in Australia. Most participants used a diversity of strategies including the reliance of God and family –usually constructed by alliance rather than kinship -to cope with stress. The key contribution of the paper is to go beyond traditional integration strategies to highlight the significance of God and family as remedies to ‘deliver’ the migrants from the obstacles to effective resettlement and psychological healing.Keywords: African migrants; stress; God; family; resettlement; coping strategies.
Social media based strategies to reach Hispanic young adults with tailored sexual health information
Authors: Fernandez Sofia B , Wagner Eric F , Hospital Michelle , Howard Melissa , Morris Staci Leon
Published: July 2020

Abstract: Hispanics constitute the largest ethnic minority group in the United States. As the country’s fastest growing demographic, social welfare and public health professionals need to focus on ameliorating HIV-related health disparities affecting Hispanics. This study evaluated an innovative HIV prevention effort with Hispanic young adults in South Florida that utilized a social media based platform to increase access to critical HIV prevention information and services. This study (1) evaluated the effectiveness of exposure to the online campaign using an experimental design and (2) provided a systematic review of the campaign’s content and user interactivity. Hispanic young adults (ages 18-24) completed baseline and follow-up assessments focused on risk perceptions and incorporation of HIV preventive behaviors. Mixed ANOVA and logistic regression analysis revealed no significant differences between groups (exposure versus no exposure to the online campaign); however, there was a statistically significant increase in awareness of HIV prevention services across both study conditions (p< .001). Findings reflect the challenges of and opportunities for conducting HIV prevention work online and suggest areas of future research for enhancing online engagement among hard to reach populations.
Identity of clients and social workers in service provision: an institutional logics perspective
Authors: Wollter Filip
Published: July 2020

This article illustrates how the theory of institutional logics can be used for analyzing the identity of social workers and clients, focusing on people processing that precedes treatment (control access, assessment, and treatment deliberation, among others). The article has two research questions: (1) What identities of social workers and clients can be distinguished by institutional logics? (2) How are identities intertwined in practice (exemplified by well-established decision-making models such as evidence-based practice, family group conference, and government by voucher)? Identity is examined using institutional logics and the findings reported in the current body of social work literature. The article derives two conclusions. The first conclusion is that institutional logics can be used for distinguishing ideal type identities: three client identities, namely taken care of community member (community logic), active citizen (participatory democracy logic), and consumer (market logic); and three social worker identities, namely professional (professional logic), bureaucrat (State logic), and executor of management directives (corporation logic). The second conclusion is that identities and institutional logics coexist in well-established models for processing people and treatment deliberation, but the conditions for coexistence differ. For instance, evidence-based practice is characterized by segregation (a bureaucratic and a professional alignment have been separated from the original version of EBP), whereas family group conference and government by voucher are typified by assimilation (logics coexist with the core elements of original logics preserved). Keywords: social work, institutional logics, people processing, decision-making
1970-2020: A fifty year history the personal social services and social work in England and across the United Kingdom
Authors: Jones Ray
Published: July 2020

2020 is the fiftieth anniversary of the creation of a unified profession of social work across the United Kingdom and of the creation of integrated personal social services in each of the four UK countries. This paper reflects on the genesis of these changes, tracks developments over the past fifty years, and comments on the current state of social work and the personal social services in England and throughout the UK.
Entrevista com a Profa. Dra. Marilda Aparecida de Menezes
Authors: Maciel Lidiane Maria
Published: July 2020

Estudiosa do rural e urbano brasileiro, Marilda Aparecida de Menezes é professora Colaboradora do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Humanas e Sociais da Universidade Federal do ABC e do Doutorado em Ciências Sociais da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Ela também é pesquisadora do CNPq nível 1C, e professora aposentada da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande/Paraíba. Em artigo recentemente publicado pelo Prof. Dr. Jaime Santos Júnior há uma síntese esclarecedora de sua trajetória. Segundo o autor há dois traços marcantes em seu percurso intelectual “o exercício permanente de diálogo com as diferentes abordagens teórico metodológicas e a vigilância sobre os contextos/fenômenos que reclamam a pesquisa” (SANTOS JÚNIOR, 2020, p. 2).
Avaliação microscópica de amostras comerciais de café
Authors: Assis Nadinne Medeiros , Marques Carlos Alexandre , Silva Michelle Costa da
Published: July 2020

Neste trabalho objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade de amostras comerciais de café, através da caracterização microscópica e detecção gravimétrica de possíveis sujidades e adulterantes. As amostras comerciais de café, pertencentes a quatro marcas distintas, foram adquiridas comercialmente e analisadas em triplicatas. Neste estudo, as análises microscópicas realizaram-se usando microscópio estereoscópico e fotônico, seguindo-se a metodologia usual. Também se realizaram análises por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) com detecção de elementos químicos por dispersão de raio-X (EDS) acoplado. A quantificação de cascas e paus foi feita por análise gravimétrica, seguindo-se a metodologia da Fundação Ezequiel Dias (MG). Em todas as marcas identificaram-se fragmentos vegetais indesejáveis, como cascas e paus do próprio cafeeiro e sujidades consideradas sem risco à saúde humana. Na análise gravimétrica, quantificaram-se fragmentos de cascas e paus do próprio cafeeiro em três das quatro marcas analisadas. Na análise por MEV/EDS para identificação da presença de possíveis fragmentos metálicos, as quatro marcas apresentaram a presença principalmente de partículas de ferro, além de outros metais em menor proporção. Conclui-se, assim, que todas as marcas apresentaram inconformidades quanto à presença de adulterantes, segundo o programa do selo ABIC, entretanto, estão em conformidade com a legislação vigente por não apresentarem risco à saúde humana.
Les camélidés sud-américains : le point des connaissances
Authors: PRUD’HON M. , CORDESSE R. , De ROUVILLE S. , THIMONIER J.
Published: July 2020

L’élevage de camélidés sud-américains a pu être envisagé dans le cadre d’une politique d’entretien de l’espace et de diversification des productions. Cette étude bibliographique permet de mieux évaluer les possibilités et les limites de ces espèces. Il existe quatre espèces de camélidés sud-américains, deux sauvages, le Guanaco et la Vigogne, et deux domestiques, l’Alpaga et le Lama. Elles vivent sur les hauts plateaux andins. Alpagas et lamas peuvent se reproduire en toutes saisons. La reproduction présente des traits originaux : les mâles, pubères à un an, sont handicapés jusqu’à deux ans par des adhérences préputiales et sont rarement exploités avant trois ans. Chez la femelle, l’ovulation, simple le plus souvent, est provoquée par l’accouplement. Un seul foetus se développe, toujours dans la corne gauche de l’utérus. La gestation dure 345 jours environ. Le réaccouplement est possible peu après la parturition. Les jeunes pèsent 7-8 kg (alpagas) à 10-11 kg (lamas) à la naissance. Le sevrage a lieu vers 7 à 9 mois. Alpagas et lamas sont des ruminants, caractérisés par un estomac à 3 compartiments, sans homologie avec les quatre compartiments de l’estomac des ovins, bovins et caprins. Leur contenu, très sec, est riche en bactéries. Les alpagas consomment essentiellement de l’herbe, même en touffes hautes et grossières ; ce sont des "pâtureurs". Les lamas, normalement "pâtureurs", consomment aussi, de façon minoritaire, des espèces arbustives si l’herbe se fait rare. Alpagas et lamas mangent généralement moins que les ovins et caprins (30 à 55 g MS/kg P0,75 selon les fourrages, soit 20 à 40 % de moins à régime comparable). L’utilisation digestive des matières organiques et azotées est égale (fourrages de bonne qualité) ou supérieure (fourrages grossiers, pauvres en protéines) à celle de ces deux espèces. Les camélidés sud-américains coexistent sans problème avec les petits ruminants ; leur organisation sociale (hiérarchie, protection du troupeau) nécessite un minimum de précautions dans la conduite des animaux. La principale production des alpagas est leur toison formée de fibres fines (25 à 30 μ) et médullées, d’un rendement élevé (80 %) mais d’un poids modeste (1,7 et 2,8 kg chez les femelles et les mâles). Les lamas ont des toisons plus grossières comportant également des poils. Elles sont utilisables en artisanat. En France, il n’existe encore aucune étude économique sérieuse qui permette d’inciter les éleveurs à investir dans l’élevage de camélidés sudaméricains.
Adaptation de l’index francais de sélection laitière (INEL) au contexte des quotas
Authors: COLLEAU J.J. , REGALDO D. , GASTINEL P.L.
Published: July 2020

La sélection des races bovines laitières s’effectue en France au travers d’un index de synthèse économique laitière (INEL). La formulation de celui-ci a été remise à jour en 1993 pour mieux tenir compte de la situation concrète des quotas laitiers, avec modulation pour les dépassements de taux butyreux par rapport à la référence. L’article explicite les raisonnements, hypothèses et paramètres tant économiques que génétiques, utilisés pour l’examen de plusieurs alternatives possibles. Les hypothèses essentielles sont la constance des surfaces et des quotas par exploitation ainsi que la prise en considération de marges nettes incluant les charges fixes. La solution finalement retenue (INEL 1993) n’accorde plus aucun intérêt économique à l’augmentation de la production de matière grasse par vache. La sélection sur ce nouvel index entraînera une augmentation du taux protéique et une amélioration du rapport taux protéique/taux butyreux. Le taux butyreux diminuera en race Holstein et restera approximativement constant dans les races Normande et Montbéliarde.
Les fermentations dans le rumen et leur optimisation
Authors: JOUANY J.P.
Published: July 2020

Les microorganismes du rumen dégradent et fermentent les fourrages ingérés par les ruminants alors que les enzymes du tube digestif des animaux n’en sont pas capables. Ils transforment la matière organique des aliments en acides qui assurent l’essentiel des apports énergétiques aux ruminants. Les protéines des microorganismes synthétisées dans le rumen sont ensuite digérées dans l’intestin où elles apportent la majeure partie des acides aminés. Les gaz qui sont éructés représentent une perte énergétique de l’ordre de 10 % de l’énergie ingérée ; en outre, ils contribuent à aggraver la concentration des gaz à effet de serre autour de notre planète. On sait que la qualité de la production de lait ou de viande par les ruminants est largement influencée par la nature des produits terminaux de la fermentation dans le rumen mis à la disposition des animaux. Il est désormais possible, en agissant sur l’équilibre de la population microbienne dans le rumen, de contrôler le lieu de la digestion (rumen ou intestin) et (ou) d’orienter les fermentations dans le rumen vers la formation des produits terminaux désirés. Cet article présente les méthodes de manipulation de la digestion ruminale actuellement disponibles dans les laboratoires de recherches ; les aspects purement alimentaires qui interviennent dans le contrôle de l’activité microbienne dans le rumen ne sont pas traités ici.