bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TURATS BEHAVIOR: DEMONSTRATING HALAL LIFESTYLE IN PESANTREN THROUGH HALAL COSMETICS
Authors: Qadariyah Lailatul , Sarkawi Sarkawi
Published: February 2024

Pesantren is the oldest Islamic Education institution in Indonesia. Until now, its role has beenvital in conveying Islamic teachings and values and forming a society with Islamic character.However exclusive it is, its existence is always required to adjust to the times and lifestylechanges. Islamic teachings through Turast taught in pesantren have formed a lifestyle that inrecent years has become a trend, namely the halal lifestyle. So it becomes interesting to studyhow students' lifestyles should reflect what they have learned from Turast. This research isqualitative, to answer this problem data mining uses interviews and documentation. The resultsof this study state that pesantren have built the halal lifestyle of santri, one of which is throughhalal cosmetics. Most informants from the 2 pesantren where this study took place stated thatthe halal logo is a priority consideration in choosing and buying halal cosmetics. Halal awarenesswhich then becomes halal behavior begins and is guarded by Islamic values that they learn fromthe yellow book or Turats. Supporting the system in shaping this halal behavior is the exampleof Kyai as the leader of the pesantren and the existence of Koperasi Pesantren (Kopontren) thathave a strong commitment by only providing and selling cosmetics with the halal logo. Theresults of this study will contribute to related industries and can be used as a potential issue inpolicy-making related to pesantren and halal products.Keywords: Halal cosmetics, Halal Lifestyle, Islamic Boarding School
THE IMPACT OF HALAL TOURISM ON THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE LOCAL COMMUNITY OF SANTEN ISLAND
Authors: Anindya Virana Tiara , Desi Pradani Gita
Published: February 2024

Santen Island , one of them destination growing tourism rapidly in Indonesia, has showenhancement visit significant tourists , esp _ in context halal tourism . Draft Halal tourismdeveloped on Santen Island is development destination marked tours with exists guarantee halalfacilities . Like halal food , prohibited sale drink alcoholic , announcement time before prayer(azan), place purify complete with facility places of worship, as well facility concept separationbetween men and women . This research aims For know impact halal tourism towardsdevelopment economic and social public local Santen Island . This research uses approachqualitative with interview holder interest main , like public local , and secondary data analysisFor give comprehensive insight . Research results show that halal tourism has give impactsignificant positive to economy Santen Island . This is reflected in enhancement income publiclocal through sector tourism , creation field new jobs , and growth business local that focuseson halal services and products . Apart from impact economy , halal tourism also has an impacton change social activities on Santen Island . Interaction between Muslim tourists andcommunities local has push exchange culture and understanding cross culture . Localcommunity the more value values diversity and awareness environment , along with increasingawareness will continuity in tourism .
CONSUMO DE RIESGO DE ALCOHOL EN ESTUDIANTES DE MEDICINA ESPAÑOLES
Authors: Torres Varona Francisco Javier , Abril García Asunción , Gutiérrez Ortega Carlos , Jiménez Chillón Carlos , Serrano Calleja Bárbara , Iglesias García Catalina , Presa García Marta
Published: February 2024

Objetivos. Evaluar el Consumo de Riesgo de Alcohol (CRA) en estudiantes de medicina españoles. Se estudia la influencia del sexo y la etapa académica en el CRA. Método. Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en estudiantes de medicina, de 1 ° a 6 ° curso, de todo el territorio español. El AUDIT-C, con punto de corte para CRA de 5 para varones y 4 para mujeres, se administró en persona a estudiantes de una facultad de medicina española. Posteriormente se distribuyó el enlace al cuestionario a través de redes sociales. La participación fue voluntaria y anónima. Resultados. Se recogieron 1336 cuestionarios. 28.6% (n=382) varones y 71.4% (n=954) mujeres, edad media 21.7 ± 2.6 años. 44,9% (n=600) en etapa preclínica y 55,1% (n=736) en clínica. El 46% (n=614) puntuó para CRA. Se observó mayor CRA en etapa preclínica (p<.05). Hay diferencias en el patrón de consumo por razón de sexo (p<.05), no así en el CRA. Conclusiones. El CRA en estudiantes de Medicina es elevado. No se ha encontrado que el sexo influya en el CRA de forma significativa. El sexo influye en los patrones de consumo. Existe mayor CRA en preclínica. Se necesitan campañas de prevención y sensibilización desde la administración universitaria.
Funcionamiento ejecutivo en adolescentes y conductas sexuales de riesgo
Authors: Guzmán-Cortés Jorge Alberto , Gonzalez-Espejel Lizbeth , Ortiz-Zarco Eusebio , Sánchez-Betancourt Javier , Bolaños-Ceballos Fernando
Published: February 2024

Introducción. Uno de los principales problemas de salud que enfrentan los adolescentes son las Conductas Se- xuales de Riesgo (CSR). Los objetivos del estudio fueron: Comparar las CSR entre un grupo de adolescentes con distintos niveles de funcionamiento ejecutivo y analizar mediante un modelo de regresión lineal los factores que se relacionan con estas conductas. Método. La muestra se conformó por 50 adolescentes, 25 hombres y 25 mujeres. Para medir las CSR se utilizó la Escala de Conductas Sexuales y el cuestionario de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Há- bitos Sexuales, para la evaluación de las funciones ejecutivas, las subpruebas del índice Orbito Medial de la Batería de Funciones Ejecutivas y Lóbulos Frontales. Resultados. Se realizó un ANOVA tomando como variable dependiente la puntuación CSR y como variable independiente el nivel obtenido en el índice Orbito Medial. Asimismo, se realizó un modelo de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios. Acorde a los resultados, no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos p = .525. No obstante, aquellos con menor puntuación en las tareas que evaluaron el control inhi- bitorio y el procesamiento de riesgo beneficio obtuvieron mayores puntuaciones de CSR. Por otro lado, la CSR que principalmente se relaciona con un nivel de alto riesgo es: la temprana edad de inicio de relaciones sexuales (-.930). Conclusión. Se enfatiza en la importancia de estudiar el fenómeno y su relación con los procesos cognitivos.
Tryo Teatro Banda, 21 años de producción y gestión teatral autogestiva en Chile
Authors: González Iturriaga Carolina
Published: February 2024

Escribo este artículo en el momento en que comienzan a abrirse nuevamente las salas de artes escénicas y volvemos a una seudonormalidad. Este período de detención y adaptación me hace reflexionar sobre mi experiencia como productora ejecutiva de Tryo Teatro Banda desde un doble contexto que marca un antes y un después; la pandemia y el llamado “estallido social” de Chile. Este texto fue escrito en octubre del 2021, a la fecha de la publicación cabe señalar que Chile rechazó la nueva constitución y sigue rigiéndose por la impuesta en los años 80 bajo la dictadura cívico militar de Pinochet. Fue electo presidente Gabriel Boric. El objetivo de este artículo es evidenciar los procesos internos de reformulación política que atravesó el país con apoyatura en la producción escénica local. Seguimos en la misma crisis cultural y con mayor profundidad, el futuro se ve muy complejo. Las siguientes líneas son una reflexión personal apoyada en la observación directa participante y no participante con la mirada profesional que mi condición de agente dentro del campo habilita. En todos los casos la apoyatura de las reflexiones es la documentación de acceso público de diarios, revistas, programas.
Las cooperativas con producción del teatro musical alternativo porteño
Authors: Martinovich Lucía
Published: February 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el teatro musical alternativo desde una perspectiva laboral, indagando sobre las formas de cooperación, organización del trabajo y prácticas económicas que predominan en este circuito. El análisis se basa en una investigación empírica sobre tres espectáculos musicales del circuito alternativo porteño, a través de diversas entrevistas con sus miembros y la reconstrucción de la trama jurídica y burocrática que lo regula. Los principales hallazgos indican que la convergencia del teatro musical comercial que se desarrolló en el país en los años 90, con el circuito de teatro alternativo preexistente en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, tuvo consecuencias en las prácticas laborales. De la confluencia de estos dos mundos del arte, en apariencia antagónicos, surgió el teatro musical alternativo local. Emerge la categoría de “cooperativa con producción” como forma de organización del trabajo, cuyo nombre indica de antemano una adecuación entre el circuito comercial, productivo, y el circuito alternativo, cooperativo. Esta forma de ordenar el trabajo no se encuentra regulada por organismos oficiales, sino que se trata de un saber compartido entre quienes integran ese campo.
Zero Knowledge Bi-Party Computation Using Oblivious Transfers for Recommender Systems
Authors: Rajagopalan Anirudh , Singh Kunwar , Jayashrri Balaji , John Anu E
Published: February 2024

Behavioural recommendations, utilizing data collected from online activity, is invaluable in helping advertisers reach the most suitable audience for their products. However, user privacy could be better pro-tected if it could be accomplished without collecting a particular individual’s data.
We provide a generic construction to leverage the clas-sical Zero-Knowledge (ZK) protocol into a composable oblivious transfer (OT) protocol, preserving the ZK protocol’s round-complexity properties and security guar-antees in the resulting OT protocol. Incorporating Fuzzy Logic, this amalgamation ensures that users’ sensitive, personal and private data is always kept secure when communicating with the recommender systems while not compromising the capacity of these systems to cre-ate cohorts of similar individuals.
Nonsplit Graphs with Split Maximal Edge Induced Subgraphs
Authors: Manikandan V. , Monikandan S.
Published: February 2024

A split graph is a graph in which the vertices can be partitioned into an independent set and a clique. We show that every nonsplit graph has at most four split maximal proper edge induced subgraphs. The exhaustive list of fifteen classes of nonsplit graphs having a split maximal proper edge induced subgraph is determined in this paper.
MSC Classification: 05C78 , 05C75 , 05C60
Helicobacter pylori, Atrophic Gastritis, and Breast Cancer Risk: A Prospective Cohort Study with 8-year follow-up
Authors: Chitapanarux Taned , Traisathit Patrinee , Srikumm Pimwarat , Homkham Nontiyan , Chitapanarux Imjai
Published: February 2024

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a known risk factor for gastric cancer, may have a role in the development of extragastric cancer; however, the evidence is equivocal. Using a prospective cohort, we investigated the relationship between H. pylori infection, atrophic gastritis (AG), and cancer risk. Incidence rates and hazard ratios (HR) derived by Cox proportional hazards models and adjusted for relevant confounders were assessed by H. pylori and AG status at baseline. The hospital-based study involved 1,252 participants, with an average follow-up time of 8 years. We identified 16 breast cancers, 14 lymphomas, four liver cancers, four cholangiocarcinoma, four skin cancers, and two gastric cancers. Both H. pylori and AG status increased breast cancer risk statistically significantly (HR = 7.35; 95% CI 2.08–27.13 and HR = 22.31; 95% CI 6.36–78.31). In a multivariable-adjusted model, we found a significant increase in risk among women with H. pylori infection and AG. (HR 6.46, 95% CI 1.61–26.02). H. pylori infection, AG, and a family history of breast or gastric cancer were independent risk factors for breast cancer. In conclusion, women who have H. pylori infection and AG are more likely to develop breast cancer, and screening programs should focus on identifying these individuals.
Biomass production and physiological parameters of intercropped basil-forage turnip as affected by biochar and vermicompost
Authors: Monfared Roma Kalhor , Ardakani Mohammad Reza , Paknejad Farzad , Sarajuqi Mansour , Naghdibadi Hassanali
Published: February 2024

Intercropping systems as an eco-friendly strategy, meliorates the quality of the agro-ecosystem. On the other hand, usage of soil amendments was environmental friendly technology to improve sustainability of soil resources and production plants. This two-year (2018–2019) study target to distinguish the quality and quantity of sweet basil in intercropping system with forage turnip with usage of vermicompost and biochar as a soil amendments. The treatments in the main plots were: A1: 90% forage turnip + 10% basil; A2: 80% forage turnip + 20% basil; A3: 70% forage turnip + 30% basil, in main plots; also two vermicompost levels (15 ton ha− 1, 18.5 ton ha− 1) and two biochar levels (control, 5 ton ha− 1) were placed in subplots. Thus, intercropping of basil and forage turnip at level of 70% forage turnip + 30% basil with biochar and vermicompost at 18.5 ton ha− 1 was the best performance compared to another treatments. That treatment promoted chlorophyll (a + b) 65.32%, carotenoid 67.47%, soluble sugars 77.35%, relative water content 33.13%, dry matter yield 62.54%, essential oil 63.15%, essential oil yield 191.76% and reduced membrane stability index 150.95%, compared to 90% forage turnip + 10% basil and vermicompost at 15 ton ha− 1 (without biochar). Thus, it can be suggested to farmers as an ecological friendly methods to improve basil yield and yield compounds.
Effectiveness of working on an active desktop treadmill workstation on cognitive performance among ADHD university students: A randomized control trial
Authors: Korn Liat , Moran Daniel , Koren Gideon , Sandhous Yoram
Published: February 2024

Background
Working on a walking treadmill was found to be effective and beneficial not only from health promotion perspective, but in cognitive performance for people with ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). This study explores the impact of cognitive enhancement medications, physical activity of walking on a treadmill, and their combination on cognitive performance among individuals diagnosed with ADHD. The aim is to determine whether cognitive performance gains are achieved through medication, physical activity, or the synergistic effect of both.
Methods
A randomized controlled trial involved 25 undergraduate students (85% female; Mean age = 23; Standard deviation = 3.2), diagnosed with ADHD, distributed across four groups: Walking with medications, walking without medications, sitting with medications, and sitting without medications. Cognitive performance was assessed using repeated measures in the Stroop test, Barrat scale, and work break patterns.
Results
Cognitive performance, as evaluated by the Stroop test, exhibited significant enhancements only in response to medication usage. Walking or sitting modes alone did not yield discernible effects. Among the modes examined, the highest mean error count was observed in the sitting without medication condition (M = 5.08, SD = 7.40), followed by walking without medication (M = 4.60, SD = 5.35) and walking with medication (M = 3.40, SD = 5.18). The lowest error mean occurred while under the influence of medication in the sitting mode (M = 1.84, SD = 2.44). Other Stroop and Barrat results displayed no significant inter-mode differences. Walking without medication led to significantly more frequent and longer breaks.
Conclusions
Cognitive enhancement medication emerged as the sole influential factor contributing to improved cognitive performance. Treadmill walking did not yield cognitive performance benefits compared to sitting, nor did it yield any detriment. These findings underscore the necessity for further investigation into diverse attention disorders.
The risk of developing eating disorders among students attending University of Khartoum Medical Campus, Khartoum, Sudan
Authors: Magzoub Yumna Ahmed Eltayeb Mohamed Ali , Altamih Randa Ahmed Abdalrheem , Elmahi Osman Kamal Osman
Published: February 2024

Background
Medical students are susceptible to various eating disorders including anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge-eating. High prevalence rates of eating disorders have been recorded across the Europe and Africa Regions, yielding a negative impact on academic merit.
Objectives
The aim of this study is to assess the risk of developing eating disorders among medical students and examine its association with childhood trauma and self-esteem. Methodology: An observational cross-sectional study where a total of 299 students participated, 81 males and 218 females. 62 from the faculty of Dentistry, 49 from the faculty of Pharmacy and 202 from the faculty of Medicine - all in Year 3, 4 and 5. Participants filled out a pre-designed online Google survey. Descriptive statistics were used to compute means, and standard deviations for numerical variables.
Results
The study consisted of 299 participants, of which 37 students were found to be at risk of developing an eating disorder (12.4%). It was discovered in this study that emotional neglect was significantly associated with an increased risk of developing eating disorders (p = 0.028). A significant correlation was also established with childhood maltreatment and the prevalence of risk for eating disorders (p = 0.016).
Conclusion
The prevalence of medical students with eating disorders was found to be relatively high, hence it merits more campaigning to prevent its onset among university students.
Leisure-time Physical Activity Motives and Perceived Gains for Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Watson Paul , Stendell Laura , Oliveira Camila , Middleton James , Arora Mohit , Davis Glen
Published: February 2024

Study Design: Cohort Study
Objectives: To examine motives and perceived gains of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) in people with a spinal cord injury (SCI).
Setting: Community-dwelling
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. One hundred and five individuals with an SCI undertook semi-structured interviews. A cross-sectional analysis, which included descriptive, inferential, and regression statistics, was conducted on all participants, guideline adherers and guideline non-adherers.
Results: The mean (SD) total LTPA performed by the participants was 301 (257) minutes per week, and 47% of participants met SCI-specific LTPA guidelines. The most common motives for LTPA were improvements in health and fitness, management of appearance and weight, and avoidance of illness. The most common perceived gains included improved health, fitness, strength and endurance, increased nimbleness, and greater enjoyment.
Conclusions: Improvements in health, fitness, agility, avoidance of ill health, and management of weight and appearance are common motivators and perceived gains of LTPA. Recognition, stress management, and affiliation appear to be frequently unexpected benefits of LTPA. LTPA does not appear to elicit the desired weight and appearance management dose that people with SCI desire. Regular LTPA should be encouraged for its health benefits, and emphasis should be placed on promoting its ability to reduce illness, facilitate affiliation, and manage stress.
Studying temperature's impact on Brassica napus resistance in order to identify key regulatory mechanisms using comparative metabolomics
Authors: Amjadi Z. , Hamzehzarghani H. , Rodriguez V. M. , Huang Y. , Farahbakhsh F.
Published: February 2024

To investigate the effects of temperature on Brassica napus (canola) resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans (LM) the causal agent of blackleg disease, metabolic profiles of LM infected resistant (R) and susceptible (S) canola cultivars at 21ºC and 28ºC were analyzed. Metabolites were detected in cotyledons of R and S plants at 48- and 120-hours post-inoculation with LM using UPLC-QTOF/MS. The mock-inoculated plants were used as controls. Some of the resistance-related specific pathways, included lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, were down-regulated in S cultivar but up-regulated in R cultivar at 21ºC. However, some of these pathways were down-regulated in R cultivar at 28°C. Amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, alkaloid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and flavonoid biosynthesis were the pathways linked to combined heat and pathogen stresses. By using network analysis and enrichment analysis, these pathways were identified as important. The pathways of carotenoid biosynthesis, pyrimidine metabolism, and lysine biosynthesis were identified as unique mechanisms related to heat stress and may be associated to the breakdown of resistance to the pathogen. The increased susceptibility of R plants to 28°C results in the down-regulation of signal transduction pathway components and compromised signaling, particularly during the later stages of infection. Deactivating LM-specific signaling networks in R plants may result in compatible responses, potentially drop in signaling metabolites under combined stress, highlighting global temperature challenges.
Genomic richness enables worldwide invasive success
Authors: Galià-Camps Carles , Schell Tilman , Pegueroles Cinta , Baranski Damian , Hamadou Alexander Ben , Turon Xavier , Pascual Marta , Greve Carola , Carreras Carlos
Published: February 2024

Biological invasions are a major threat to biodiversity. Therefore, monitoring genomic features of invasive species is crucial to understand their population structure and adaptive processes. However, genomic resources of invasive species are scarce, compromising the study of their invasive success. Here, we present the reference genome of Styela plicata, one of the most widespread marine invasive species, combined with genomic data of 24 individuals from 6 populations distributed worldwide. We characterized large inversions in four chromosomes, accounting for ~ 15% of the genome size. These inversions are polymorphic through the species’ distribution area, and are enriched with genes enhancing fitness in estuary and harbor environments. Nonetheless, inversions mask detection of S. plicata population structure. When these structural variants are removed, we successfully identify the main oceanographic barriers and accurately characterize population differentiation between and within ocean basins. Several genes located in chromosome 3 are showcased as the main adaptive drivers between biogeographic regions. Moreover, we recover three major mitogenomic clades, involving structural rearrangements leading to cyto-nuclear coevolution likely involved in mitochondrion distribution during cell division. Our results suggest that genomic and structural variants contribute to S. plicata population structuring and adaptation processes, potentially enhancing the species success when colonizing new habitats.
Endophytic bacterial diversity in the roots of medicinal rice in Kerala
Authors: ROBERT SHIJO A , Girija Devaki , S Abida P , Francis Rose Mary , Geetha Kiran Ayyanperumal , S Aiswarya , Gangadharan Abhishek
Published: February 2024

This investigation was an attempt to assess the root endophytic bacterial diversity in three distinct rice varieties: Black Njavara, Rakthasali, and Vaishak. The collaboration between plants and bacteria, forming a holobiont, is vital for plant health and resilience. The study employed metagenomics, specifically targeting the V3-V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene, to analyze the microbial diversity within the roots of these rice varieties. Surface sterilization and metagenomic DNA isolation protocols were optimized to ensure high-quality DNA devoid of epiphyte contamination. The metagenomic DNA was then subjected to 16S rRNA gene amplification and Next Generation Sequencing using the Illumina platform. Bioinformatics analysis, performed with QIIME2, revealed the taxonomic composition of the microbial communities. The results showcase significant diversity at different taxonomic levels. Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, and OD1 emerged as major phyla, with distinct abundance patterns in the three varieties. Genus-level analysis identified key players like Azospirillum, Sphingomonas, Caulobacter, and Novosphingobium, suggesting potential roles in plant growth promotion, nitrogen fixation, and stress tolerance. Moreover, a few genera such as Magnetospirillum, Sulfurospirillum, Agrobacterium, Rhodoblastus, Asticcacaulis, Elstera, Mycoplana, Asteroleplasma, Clostridium and Bdellovibrio were found exclusively in medicinal rice varieties, indicating potential role in production of pharmacologically active compounds. This research not only contributes to understanding plant-microbe interactions but also unveils potential applications in sustainable farming, human welfare and ecological welfare. The findings may pave the way for harnessing these microbial communities for improved agricultural practices, medicinal advancements, and ecosystem health.
Pre-breeding of spontaneous Robertsonian translocations for density planting architecture by transferring Agropyron cristatum chromosome 1P into wheat
Authors: Han Bohui , Wang Xiao , Sun Yangyang , Kang Xilu , Zhang Meng , Luo Jiawen , Han Haiming , Zhou Shenghui , Lu Yuqing , Liu Weihua , Yang Xinming , Li Xiuquan , Zhang Jinpeng , Li Lihui
Published: February 2024

Agropyron cristatum, a wild relative of wheat, possesses many elite genes for enlarging the genetic diversity of wheat and improving wheat yield. Our previous study confirmed that the A. cristatum chromosome 1P carries alien genes that reduce plant height and leaf size. Here, we developed T1AL.1PS and T1AS.1PL Robertsonian translocations (RobTs) by using breakage-fusion mechanism based on wheat-A. cristatum 1P(1A) substitution line. Combining molecular markers and cytological analysis, we identified 16 spontaneous Robertsonian translocation lines from 911 F2 individuals with a translocation frequency up to 1.7%. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was applied to detect the fusion structures of the centromeres in wheat and A. cristatum chromosomes. Re-sequencing results indicated the junkpoint at the physical position of Triticum aestivum chr1A 212Mb and A. cristatum chr1P 230Mb. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) results of pollen mother cells showed that the produced translocation lines could form stable ring bivalent. The genetic analysis showed that introducing 1PS translocation fragment into wheat could increase the number of fertile tillers, grain number per spike and grain weight, and reduce flag leaf area of wheat without yield penalty. However, introducing 1PL translocation fragment into wheat reduce significantly flag leaf area and plant height with adverse effect on the yield components. Altogether, a high-efficient method for producing the spontaneous translocation lines by combining the molecular marker and cytogenetics technology were recommended. The pre-breeding of two spontaneous RobTs T1AL.1PS and T1AS.1PL pave the way for the wheat architecture improvement.
Barriers and facilitators to medical care retention for pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus in South Africa: a qualitative study
Authors: Ikram Naira , Lewandowski Laura B. , Watt Melissa H , Scott Christiaan
Published: February 2024

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a life-threatening, chronic, autoimmune disease requiring long term subspecialty care due to its complex and chronic nature. Childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) is more severe than adult-onset, and the cSLE population in South Africa has been reported to have an even higher risk than patients elsewhere. Therefore, it is critical to promptly diagnose, treat, and manage cSLE. In this paper, we aim to describe and evaluate barriers and enablers of appropriate long-term care of cSLE South Africa from the perspective of caregivers (parents or family members).
Methods: Caregivers (n=22) were recruited through pediatric and adult rheumatology clinics. Individuals were eligible if they cared for youth (<19 years) who were diagnosed with cSLE and satisfied at least four of the eleven ACR SLE classification criteria.
Individual in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted between January 2014 and December 2014, and explored barriers to and facilitators of ongoing chronic care for cSLE. Data were analyzed using applied thematic analysis.
Results: Four barriers to chronic care engagement and retention were identified: knowledge gap, financial burdens, social stigma of SLE, and complexity of the South African medical system. Additionally, we found three facilitators: patient and caregiver education, robust support system for the caregiver, and financial support for the caregiver and patient.
Conclusion: These findings highlight multiple, intersecting barriers to routine longitudinal care for cSLE in South Africa and suggest there might be a group of diagnosed children who don’t receive follow-up care and are subject to attrition. cSLE requires ongoing treatment and care; thus, the different barriers may interact and compound over time with each follow-up visit. South African cSLE patients are at high risk for poor outcomes. South African care teams should work to overcome these barriers and place attention on the facilitators to improve care retention for these patients and create a model for other less resourced settings.
SOCS1 kinase inhibitory region peptide mimics regulate interferon gamma and TLR7-induced inflammatory signatures in murine macrophages.
Authors: Sharma Jatin , Vicuna Valeria , Stafford Lauren , Rodriguez Thais Ortiz , Smith W. Clay , Kima Peter E. , III joseph Larkin
Published: February 2024

Although it is known that SOCS1 can modulate JAK/STAT signaling through both its kinase inhibitory region (KIR) and SOCS box domain, and limit toll-like receptor (TLR) induced inflammation via the SOCS1 box domain, the relative contribution of the KIR domain to TLR regulation is not well understood. In this study, we utilized peptide mimics of SOCS1 KIR to study the effect of the KIR domain in modulating TLR7 and interferon γ (IFNγ) signaling in murine primary macrophages and cell lines. We found that SOCS1 KIR mimetics were able to inhibit, by up to 50%, the inflammatory signatures associated with TLR7 stimulation, IFNγ stimulation, and the enhanced IFNγ-induced gene signature, mediated by TLR7 and IFNγ co-treatment. While inhibition of IFNg mediated activation correlated with reduced Y701 phosphorylation on STAT1 and Y705 phosphorylation on STAT3, the inhibition of TLR7-induced inflammation and the TLR7-enhanced IFNγ-induced gene signature coincided with a reduction in both Y701 and S727 phosphorylation on the STAT1 transactivation domain. Altogether, we report for the first time a novel role of the SOCS1 KIR domain in regulating TLR7-mediated, and TLR7-enhanced IFNγ-mediated, inflammation.
Two-Coordinated Au(I) Complex Photoredoxcatalyst: Highly Efficient Catalysis in C-C Cross-coupling Reactions and the Underlying Mechanism
Authors: You Youngmin , Jhun Byung Hak , Jang Jihoon , Lee Shinae , Cho Eun Jin
Published: February 2024

Photocatalysis provides a versatile approach to redox activation of various organic substrates for synthetic applications. To broaden the scope of photoredox catalysis, developing catalysts with strong photoredox power is imperative. Photoredox catalysts with excited-state properties that include cathodic oxidation potentials and long lifetimes are particularly demanded. In this research, we demonstrate the high-efficiency catalytic utility of two-coordinated Au(I) complex photocatalysts that exhibit an exclusive ligand-to-ligand charge-transfer (LLCT) transition in C-C cross-coupling reactions between N-heterocycles and (hetero)aryl halides, including redox-resistant (hetero)aryl chlorides. Our photocatalysis system can steer reactions under visible-light irradiation at a catalyst loading as low as 0.1 mol% and exhibits a broad substrate scope with high chemo- and regioselectivity. Our mechanistic investigations provide direct spectroscopic evidence for each step in the catalysis cycle and demonstrate that the LLCT-active Au(I) complex catalysts offer several benefits, including strong visible-light absorption, a 207 ns-long excited-state lifetime without short-lived components, and a 91% yield in the production of free-radical intermediates. Given the wide structural versatility of the proposed catalysts, we envision that our research will provide useful insights into the future utilization of the LLCT-active Au(I) complex for organic transformations.
Advancing state estimation for lithium-ion batteries with hysteresis: systematic extended Kalman filter tuning
Authors: Knox Jasper , Blyth Mark , Hales Alastair
Published: February 2024

Knowledge of remaining battery charge is fundamental to electric vehicle deployment. Accurate measurements of state-of-charge (SOC) cannot be directly obtained, and estimation methods must be used instead. This requires both a good model of a battery and a well-designed state estimator. Here, hysteretic reduced-order battery models and adaptive extended Kalman filter estimators are shown to be highly effective, accurate SOC estimators. A battery model parameterisation framework is proposed, which enhances standardised methods to capture hysteresis effects. The hysteretic model is parameterised for three independent NMC811 lithium-ion cells and is shown to reduce voltage RMS error by 50% across 18-hour automotive drive-cycles. Parameterised models are used alongside an extended Kalman filter, which demonstrates the value of adaptive filter parameterisation schemes. When used alongside an extended Kalman filter, adaptive covariance matrices yield highly accurate SOC estimates, reducing SOC estimation error by 85%, compared to the industry standard battery model.
Mirror movements in multiple sclerosis -a clinical, electrophysiological, and imaging study
Authors: Holzapfel Korbinian , Bayas Antonios , Naumann Markus , Ghosh Tanupriya , Steuerwald Verena , Allweyer Martin , Kirschke Jan S. , Behrens Lars
Published: February 2024

Background
Mirror movements (MM) are commonly caused by a defect of interhemispheric pathways also affected in multiple sclerosis (MS), particularly the corpus callosum. We investigated the prevalence of MM in MS in relation to functional and morphological callosal fiber integrity by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as fatigue.
Methods
In 21 patients with relapsing-remitting MS and 19 healthy controls, MM were assessed and graded (Woods and Teuber scale: MM 1–4) using a bedside test. Fatigue was evaluated using the Fatigue Scale for Motor and Cognitive Functions (FSMC) questionnaire. TMS measured silent period latency and duration. MRI assessed callosal atrophy by measuring the normalized corpus callosum area (nCCA), corpus callosum index (CCI), and lesion volume.
Results
MS patients had significantly more often and pronounced MM compared to healthy controls (p = 0.0002) and nCCA was significantly lower (p = 0.045) in MRI studies. Patients with higher MM scores (MM > 1 vs. MM 0/1) showed significantly more fatigue (higher FSMC sum score, p = 0.04, motor score, p = 0.01). In TMS and MRI studies, no significant differences were found between patients with MM 0/1 and those with MM > 1 (silent period measurements, CCA, CCI and lesion volume).
Conclusions
MM are common in MS and can easily be detected through bedside testing. As MM are associated with fatigue, they might indicate fatigue in MS. It is likely that other cerebral structures, in addition to the corpus callosum, may contribute to the origin of MM in MS.
Chestnut ‘castanea sativa mill.’ honey potential in preventing memory decline on alzheimer’s disease model mice: in vitro enzyme activities, behavioural, memorial and histopathological studies
Authors: djebli noureddine , YAGOUB Amani , OSKAY Gizem SÖNMEZ , ARDA Nazli
Published: February 2024

The primary purpose of this research is to investigate, both in vitro and in vivo studies, whether Chestnut 'Castanea sativa Mill.' Honey consumption, can counteract the neurodegeneration occurring in Alzheimer's model mice brains caused by aluminium chloride combined with D-galactose. Within the scope of in vitro studies. The antioxidant activity of chestnut honey at a non-toxic concentration was then evaluated by DPPH and CUPRAC methods, indicating its radical scavenging and copper (II) ion reduction abilities, respectively. Finally, the modified Ellman method was used to measure its anti-acetylcholinesterase activity. For the in vivo studies, two chestnut honey doses were used, 150 mg/kg and 300mg/kg. As for the neurodegeneration, it was induced by Aluminium chloride at 100 mg/kg combined with D-galactose at 120 mg/kg. Following the neurological tests, the brain were subjected to histopathological study. The dose of chestnut honey, which has no effect on fibroblast cell growth following the 24-hour treatment was detected as 0.25% -w/v-, this dose was used for further in vitro assays. DPPH scavenging activity of the honey was 10.98 ± 1.20 g/mL -IC50-, while CUPRAC value was 0.57 ± 0.27 mM TEAC/g. The neurological tests, reported significant positive improvement in learning ability, these results were confirmed by the histopathological findings, in which the tissues section taken from the brain showed that, the honey markedly reduced hippocampal atrophy and neuronal loss. The results suggests that Chestnut honey acceptable daily-inake can reduce the burden of Alzheimer's disease, by preventingmemory impairment and brain alteration.
Survivin Mediates Mitotic Onset in HeLa Cells Through Activation of the Cdk1-Cdc25B Axis
Authors: Cánovas Pedro M.
Published: February 2024

The Survivin protein has roles in repairing incorrect microtubule-kinetochore attachments at prometaphase, and the faithful execution of cytokinesis, both as part of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) (1). In this context, errors frequently lead to aneuploidy, polyploidy and cancer (1). Adding to these well-known roles of this protein, this paper now shows for the first time that Survivin is required for cancer cells to enter mitosis, and that, in its absence, HeLa cells accumulate at early prophase, or prior to reported before (2, 3). This early prophase blockage is demonstrated by the presence of an intact nuclear lamina and low Cdk1 activity (4). Importantly, escaping the arrest induced by Survivin abrogation leads to multiple mitotic defects, or mitotic catastrophe, and eventually cell death. Mechanistically, Cdk1 does not localize at the centrosome in the absence of Survivin. Also, the recombinant Survivin protein can induce the activation of the Cdk1 kinase via the Cdc25 phosphatase in vitro. Moreover, Survivin directly interacts with the Cdc25B isoform, both in vitro and in vivo, and in its absence, an inactive cytosolic Cdc25B-Cdk1-Cyclin B1 complex accumulates. Finally, in agreement with a role for Survivin in the early activation of Cdk1, the early prophase accumulation induced in HeLa cells by Survivin abrogation could be bypassed by a gain-of-function Cdc25B mutant, which drove cells back into mitosis.
Prediction of early clinical response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in Triple-negative breast cancer: Incorporating Radiomics through breast MRI
Authors: Lee Hyo-jae , Lee Jeong Hoon , Lee Jong Eun , Na Yong Min , Park Min Ho , Lee Ji Shin , Lim Hyo Soon
Published: February 2024

This study assessed pretreatment breast MRI coupled with machine learning for predicting early clinical responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), focusing on identifying non-responders. A retrospective analysis of 135 TNBC patients (107 responders, 28 non-responders) treated with NAC from January 2015 to October 2022 was conducted. Non-responders were defined according to RECIST guidelines. Data included clinicopathologic factors and clinical MRI findings, with radiomics features from contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images, to train a stacking ensemble of 13 machine learning models. For subgroup analysis, propensity score matching was conducted to adjust for clinical disparities in NAC response. The efficacy of the models was evaluated using the area under the receiver-operating-characteristic curve (AUROC) before and after matching. The model combining clinicopathologic factors and clinical MRI findings achieved an AUROC of 0.752 (95% CI:0.644–0.860) for predicting non-responders, while radiomics-based models showed 0.749 (95% CI:0.614–0.884). An integrated model of radiomics, clinicopathologic factors, and clinical MRI findings reached an AUROC of 0.802 (95% CI: 0.699–0.905). After propensity score matching, the hierarchical order of key radiomics features remained consistent. Our study demonstrated the potential of using machine learning models based on pretreatment MRI to non-invasively predict TNBC non-responders to NAC.
Investigating the impact of 2-OHOA-embedded liposomes on biophysical properties of cancer cell membranes via Laurdan two-photon microscopy imaging
Authors: Rui Xuehui , Okamoto Yukihiro , Fukushima Shuichiro , Watanabe Nozomi Morishita , Umakoshi Hiroshi
Published: February 2024

2-Hydroxyoleic acid (2-OHOA) has gained attention as a membrane lipid therapy (MLT) anti-cancer drug. However, in the viewpoint of anti-cancer drug, 2-OHOA shows poor water solubility and its effectiveness still has space for improvement. Thus, this study aimed to overcome the problems by formulating 2-OHOA into liposome dosage form. Furthermore, in the context of MLT reagents, the influence of 2-OHOA on the biophysical properties of the cytoplasmic membrane remains largely unexplored. To bridge this gap, our study specifically focused the alterations in cancer cell membrane fluidity and lipid packing characteristics before and after treatment. By using a two-photon microscope and the Laurdan fluorescence probe, we noted that liposomes incorporating 2-OHOA induced a more significant reduction in cancer cell membrane fluidity, accompanied by a heightened rate of cellular apoptosis when compared to the non-formulated 2-OHOA. Importantly, the enhanced efficacy of 2-OHOA within the liposomal formulation demonstrated a correlation with its endocytic uptake mechanism. In conclusion, our findings underscore the significant influence of 2-OHOA on the biophysical properties of cancer plasma membranes, emphasizing the potential of liposomes as an optimized delivery system for 2-OHOA in anti-cancer therapy.
Fibrin clot permeability (Ks) in patients on left ventricular assist device
Authors: Kuczaj Agnieszka , Skrzypek Michał , Hudzik Bartosz , Kaczmarski Jacek , Pawlak Szymon , Hrapkowicz Tomasz , Przybyłowski Piotr
Published: February 2024

Background
Patients on left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) are prone to excessive hemostasis disturbances due to permanent contact of artificial pump surfaces with blood components.
Aims
We aimed to investigate if fibrin clot permeability is altered in patients on long-term continuous flow LVAD therapy and if the clot permeability is associated with clinical characteristics and adverse events.
Methods
We investigated 85 end-stage heart failure patients (90.6% men, age 48.6–63.8 years) scheduled for continuous flow long-term LVAD support according to current clinical indications. The patients were assessed periodically: prior to LVAD implantation (T1), 3–6 months (T2) after LVAD implantation, 6–12 months after (T3) and then every 6 months. We tested the first three blood samples (T1-T3) and the last available blood sample (T4), but no longer than 5 years after LVAD implantation. We assessed hemostasis parameters changes during the study period.
Results
MACCE occurred in 36.5% patients, bleeding events in 25.9%, NACE in 62.4%; 31.7% patients died, and 17.6% underwent transplantation. We observed a decrease in fibrin clot permeability (Ks) between T1, T2, T3 and T4 time periods; P < 0.01 for each comparison. Fibrin clot permeability was negatively correlated with fibrinogen concentration: r = 0.51, P < 0.001, factor VIII activity r=-0.42, P < 0.001. Discrepancies in Ks were observed between patients with MACCE, bleeding, and NACE, and patients without adverse events. Ks showed a constant trend towards normalization (P < 0.01) only in patients without adverse events.
Conclusions
Adverse events such as MACCE, NACE, and bleeding may be associated with inappropriate fibrin clot structure.
Urine-derived podocytes from steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome patients as a model for renal-progenitor derived extracellular vesicles effect and drug screening
Authors: Tanzi Adele , Buono Lola , Grange Cristina , Iampietro Corinne , Brossa Alessia , Arcolino Fanny Oliveira , Arigoni Maddalena , Calogero Raffaele , Perin Laura , Deaglio Silvia , Levtchenko Elena , Peruzzi Licia , Bussolati Benedetta
Published: February 2024

Background
Personalized disease models are crucial for assessing the specific response of diseased cells to drugs, particularly novel biological therapeutics. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), nanosized vesicles released by cells for intercellular communication, have gained therapeutic interest due to their ability to reprogram target cells. We here utilized urinary podocytes obtained from children affected by steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome with characterized genetic mutations as a model to test the therapeutic potential of EVs derived from kidney progenitor cells.
Methods
EVs were isolated from kidney progenitor cells (nKPCs) derived from the urine of a preterm neonate. Three lines of urinary podocytes obtained from nephrotic patients' urine and a line of Alport patient podocytes were characterized and used to assess albumin permeability in response to various drugs or to nKPC-EVs. RNA sequencing was conducted to identify commonly modulated pathways.
Results
Podocytes appeared unresponsive to pharmacological treatments, except for a podocyte line demonstrating responsiveness, in alignment with the patient's clinical response at 48 months. At variance, treatment with the nKPC-EVs was able to significantly reduce permeability in all the steroid-resistant patients-derived podocytes as well as in the line of Alport-derived podocytes. RNA sequencing of nKPC-EV-treated podocytes revealed the common upregulation of two genes (small ubiquitin-related modifier 1 (SUMO1) and Sentrin-specific protease 2 (SENP2)) involved in the SUMOylation pathway, a process recently demonstrated to play a role in slit diaphragm stabilization. Gene ontology analysis on podocyte expression profile highlighted cell-to-cell adhesion as the primary upregulated biological activity in treated podocytes.
Conclusions
nKPCs emerge as a promising non-invasive source of EVs with potential therapeutic effects on podocyte dysfunction. Furthermore, our findings suggest the possibility of establishing a non-invasive in vitro model for screening regenerative compounds on patient-derived podocytes.