bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Some Aspects of the Humanitarian Challenges of the Safe Reintegration Processes of Temporarily Occupied Territories of Separate Districts of Donetsk and Luhansk Regions: the Role of the Media
Authors: Malyk Iryna
Published: March 2021

The article raises the issue of a large number of socio-humanistic challenges that will inevitably accompany the safe reintegration of TOT ORDLO (Temporarily Occupied Territories of Separate Districts of Donetsk and Luhansk Regions). These include problems of the citizens identification, dual citizenship (Russian Federation continues to distribute Russian passports), legal harmonization, education acquiring (in particular, enrollment to Ukrainian institutes of higher education of those who graduated from ORDLO and do not speak Ukrainian), vaccination against COVID-19 who crosses the Entry-Exit Checkpoint.It has been established that the term ‘safe reintegration’, which appeared in political and politological discourse, interprets this safety as a two-way process, which implies that the residents of TOT ORDLO must hear us, and we must hear them. That is, Ukrainians who find themselves in the occupation must understand and see that Ukraine hears them, knows about their problems, knows how to solve these problems and feels their hopes. How to achieve this? It has been found that in order to make the necessary information accessible to such persons, it is necessary to: a) ensure the availability of Ukrainian TV-channels (or other information resources) on these territories; b) create, produce and present a relevant content that will send the necessary messages and form stable attitudes and beliefs.The analysis of the availability of Ukrainian TV-channels on the media landscape of ORDLO and monitoring of the activity of the newly created ‘Dim’/‘Dom’ (‘Home’) TV-channel was conducted. By means of the content analysis, the quantitative and qualitative composition of the abovementioned TV-channel was singled out and the topics of the broadcast that interested an audience the most (by number of views in November and December 2020) was determinated. Alongside this, a review of Ukrainian news channels covering the problems of the temporarily occupied territories residents was performed. The following patterns are characterized and determinated: the most visited news coverages concern the peaceful settlement on the temporarily occupied territories, the foreign policy on the Russia-USA vector, the domestic policy of the Russian Federation and the policy of Ukraine relatively Donbass. The outstanding interest of residents of the occupied territories is attracted by the rubrics, which shall cover the problems of the region, show the audience’s interest in social, humanitarian and environmental issues.
Establishment of the Greek state (1830)
Authors: Sadraddinova Gulnara
Published: March 2021

At the beginning of the 19th century, under the influence of the French bourgeois revolution and nationalist ideas, the Greeks revolted to secede from the Ottoman Empire and gain independence. It was no coincidence that the main members of the Filiki Etheriya Society, which led the uprising, as well as its secret leaders were Greeks who served the Russian government. Russia, which wanted to break up the Ottoman Empire and gain a foothold in the seas, had been embroiled in various conflicts with the Austrian alliance since the 18th century, before the uprising. Russia, which managed to isolate the Ottoman Empire from the West through the Greek uprising, also acquired large tracts of land through the Edirne Peace Treaty, which was signed as a result of the Russo-Turkish War. However, although Britain, France, Austria, and Prussia agreed with Russia on granting autonomy to Greece, they did not intend to transfer control of the newly formed state to Russia. The revolt of the Greeks against the Ottoman Empire in 1821-1830 resulted in the victory of the Greeks. The revolt was organized and intensified with the help of great powers. The article discusses Greece's independence as a result of the uprising. In this regard, the London Protocol of April 3, 1830, signed by Russia, France and England, is of special importance. The newly established Greek state was revived as the Aegean state. Greece's borders have become clearer. The article also deals with the redefinition of the Ottoman-Greek borders by the Treaty of Constantinople of 1832. Although the London Protocol of 1830 formally established the Greek state, the Great Powers and the Greeks were not content with that. Russia, as during the uprising, remained a state that influenced the "Eastern policy" of European states after the uprising. This study was dedicated to all these factors.
Worldview and aesthetic principles of the artistic culture of ancient Mesoamericans
Authors: Stoliarchuk Nataliia
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the philosophic and culturological analysis of the artistic culture of ancient Mesoamerica that gives the basis for the reconstruction of spiritual and aesthetic messages as well as artistic and figurative significance and in general the unique mythological worldview of ancient Mesoamericans. The priority is given to the special meaning of the Olmec civilization which founded spiritual, aesthetic, artistic and stylistic basics of Mesoamericans’ cultural and spiritual life further evolution. The conception of reincarnation based on the spiritual boundaries with the genus ancestors has become the main idea of this evolution. Implementation of this conception was observed in the art of all the following civilizations of the region. The exploration of the genuine Olmec, Teotihuacan and Maya ethnical and art cultures gave the possibility to generalize three types of architectural constructions such as stepped pyramids, palaces, playgrounds for cult ball games which are characteristic for Mesoamerican art. Rich iconography of religious, mythological, spiritual, aesthetic and soon social and historical meaning is common for these architectural forms and gave them artistic identity and content-informational significance.Focus on those times’ knowledge of geography and astronomy was another characteristic feature of Mesoamerican culture. All the settlements were built in distinct orientation to the parts of the world or to the certain celestial bodies and constellations. In this way the symbolic horizontal axis of being was formed. The vertical axis was symbolized by the pyramids, which acted as a kind of "guide" of souls from the underworld to the earthly world, and later to the heaven. A ball-playing area, which could also be a special ritual field for sacrifices was the place where earthly life ended, and the soul passed from the dead body to the heavenly world.Thus, the world-aesthetic principles of modern Mesoamericans’ artistic culture harmoniously combine two levels of universalism: human such as dualism and conflicts of contradictions, cyclicity and recurrence, rhythmicity, order and harmony, interdependence of everything that exists, and local ethnocultural spiritual and cultural universals such as reincarnation of the soul, constant spiritual and soul connection with ancestors, synchronicity, the possibility of simultaneous presence of the soul in three different worlds-dimensions, human sacrifices, affirmation of the sublime, heroic through the ugly and mean. This unique symbiosis of ideas, knowledge and values found its powerful expression in the highly artistic art of ancient Mesoamerica, determining its identity and originality.
Clinical Management of Endo-Perio Lesion Through Guided Tissue Regeneration: a 5 Year Follow-Up
Authors: Mukhtar Munis , Asad Maaz , Mirza Asaad Javaid
Published: March 2021

Progressive periodontal disease causes loss of supporting structures of teeth resulting in deep bony defects. In this case a report of 22-year old female patient is being presented with clinical findings of vertical bone loss in two adjacent teeth, on distal surface of  2nd  upper right premolar and mesial surface of upper right 1st molar. Root canal treatment, non-surgical periodontal therapy followed by guided tissue regeneration was carried out using decalcified freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) and collagen membrane. Analysis of clinical and radiographic findings showed marked reduction in pocket depth up to 12mm with hard tissue repair on 3-month, 2-year and 5- year follow ups.
INTERNET ADVERTISING - A MARKETING TOOL SUPPORTING E-COMMERCE
Authors: Veleva Petya
Published: March 2021

The possibilities of Internet advertising as a modern marketing tool for supporting and developing e-commerce were explored based on a web survey. An example of a paid video advertising published in social media for a certain period of time is presented. Internet advertising was used by a small company as a marketing strategy to promote produced goods. According to Pay-to-click (PTC) criterion, a 60% increase of interest by Internet users to the advertised product was reported. A significant increase in sales during the considered period was registered.
OPPORTUNITIES TO OPTIMIZE THE FOOTBALL TRAINING PROCESS WITH THE MEANS OF THE GAME APPROACH
Authors: Aleksieva Milena , Denev Stoyan
Published: March 2021

Football 7 and Football 9 are worldwide famous – sport-game for children and adolescents from 7 to 12 Years. In this relation, the need for an in-depth analysis of the football training - in particular with the younger football players in our country - is of interest and current, by seeking new forms and diversifying the activities in the physical education and sports lessons that are in line with the national traditions, socio-economic conditions and leading European practices. Such an opportunity is provided by the gaming approach that seeks to explore, summarize and propose effective solutions to optimize football education.
This study aims to identify and compare changes in indicators that inform on the specific preparation of pupils from the initial stage of primary education after applying a gaming approach to football education.
After the end of the experimental period under the influence of normal biological development and under the influence of the applied gameplay approach with the students from the experimental group, there were significant positive changes.
The developed gaming approach should be offered as an opportunity to diversify the organization of the physical education and sports training process in the initial stage of the primary education.
Bencana dan Tindakan Kepedulian Sosial dalam Keberagamaan: Studi Komparasi Kitab Suci al-Qur’an dan Alkitab
Authors: Qadri Abdul
Published: March 2021

Indonesia is a country with a high potential for disaster threat, from BNPB (National Disaster Management Agency) data until September 3, 2020, nearly 4 million people died and 637 religious facilities were damaged. However, the enthusiasm of caring for its people, including disaster victims, Indonesia is included in the top 10 categories of the most generous countries in the world. On the other hand, the disaster in the two holy books of the majority of religions; Islam and Christianity tell a lot about the catastrophic events of the past people that were befallen those who disobeyed God. However, all the disastrous events that occurred were also experienced by those who obey God. For this reason, this article focuses on disasters as a phenomenon in the perspective of the Koran and the Bible, as well as how both of them respond to continuous and recent disaster events that seek to find a foundation and a common ground for both in responding to disaster phenomena in religious reality. This study uses a descriptive-comparative analysis method of the Qur'an and the Bible. This paper finds that (1) al-Qur'an and the Bible at least agree with the concept of disaster as God's will which is also related to human activity. (2) The response to disasters in the two books is similar in several ways, it's just that in the Bible disaster is sometimes interpreted as a sign of God's "presence" in the presence of humans. And finally (3), the two books explicitly provide messages of social concern from disaster events, on the basis of humanitarian brotherhood (ukhuwah insaniyah) or love for all mankind, without differences in race, culture, ethnicity, religion to the nations. So that a disaster event is a momentum for cooperation in a mission of mutual social concern, as well as to create and strengthen peace and harmony together.
Efektifitas Sertifikasi Tanah Wakaf di Indonesia: Analisis Komparatif Fikih dan Hukum Positif
Authors: Marginingrum Pranadiana , Riadi Affan
Published: March 2021

This research is a literature study that is supported by the evidence of field research on the status of uncertified waqf land. The consensus on the legal status of the waqf land according to both fiqh and adat in the community is still being contested. Some say that the donated land does not need to be certified because it deals with issues of worshiping God, while others say that the donated land must be certified. This phenomenon has brought society into a dilemma, eventually leading to stagnation. Therefore, this study seeks to answer two questions, namely; 1) what is the legal status of the waqf land that does not have a certificate? 2) How is the legal protection for the waqf land that does not have a certificate? This research is a normative juridical research which aims to study the principles and principles that exist in the science of law. The information used consists of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The results of this research are to show that the status of waqf land that does not have a certificate is legal in Islamic law and the person who donates will also get reward as long as it fulfills the principles and provisions set out in sharia. On the other hand, in the statutory law, the status of waqf land which does not have a certificate does not have the power in the waqf land law that Nazhir recommends to certify the donated land.
Optimalisasi Pengelolaan Dana Ziswaf dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Ekonomi Anggota Koperasi Syari’ah Benteng Mikro Indonesia Cabang Cikupa, Tanggerang
Authors: Suardi Didi , Abdul Hafidz Jafar
Published: March 2021

This study aims to understand the ZISWAF fund management strategy carried out by the Benteng Mikro Indonesia Sharia Cooperative (BMI) Cikupa Tangerang Branch in improving welfare for members and non-members. Research at the location was motivated by the success of the cooperative in making efforts to optimize it, even that success was not only felt by cooperative members, non-members also felt. This success has inspired researchers to go directly to the field, see and ask questions about the ZIZWAF fund management strategy in depth. This is because researchers have observed that various zakat fund management has not been maximized, some are stagnant, some are declining and not developing. So it is necessary to look for zakat management formulations that have been proven to be optimal. For this reason, this study uses qualitative analysis methods with data collection techniques through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The random sampling technique is random sampling. The determination of the sampling technique or informant depends on the topic and the objectives of the research itself. The results show that in terms of the management of Islamic cooperatives, BMI has planned programs to improve the economic welfare of members and non-members of the branch of the BMI Islamic cooperative. Cikupa. However, the impact is still not felt by members and non-members because it is not in accordance with their needs. However, the BMI sharia cooperative has a Ready-to-Live Home Grant (HRSH) program, this program is very helpful for members and non-members who do not have a house or have a house that is not suitable for habitation.
Efektifitas Digitalisasi Penghimpunan Dana Zakat pada Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) Kota Tangerang
Authors: Jamaludin Nur , Aminah Siti
Published: March 2021

In the era of digitalization technology, the Zakat collection Boards need to enhance their ways to optimalize the fund rising. BAZNAS of Tangerang City adapts their capacity through implement the digitalization of fundrising  by suing SIMBA (Information Management System of BAznas). The BAZNAS digitalization system in Tangerang City divided into 2 parts, namely internal and external including SIMBA and digital zakat. This study uses a qualitative analysis method with data collection techniques through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Informants selected in this research is determined using purposive sampling technique. Research result shows that the digitization of zakat fund collection in BAZNAS in Tangerang City the implementation has been effective. However, there are still some obstacles faced by BAZNAS staff officers and BAZNAS muzaki such as internet network problems and reporting proof of payment of zakat. Another finding, the implication in this research is BAZNAS Kota Tangerang needs to evaluate human errors that occur in digital systems and strengthen them security and keep innovating.
Development and evaluation of a booklet to promote ealthy lifestyle in people with HIV
Authors: Fontenele Marina Soares Monteiro , Cunha Gilmara Holanda da , Lopes Marcos Venícios de Oliveira , Siqueira Larissa Rodrigues , Lima Maria Amanda Correia , Moreira Lavna Albuquerque
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop and evaluate an educational primer to promote healthy lifestyles in people with HIV. Methods: Study of technological development in three stages: Development of the booklet, with bibliographical review, illustrations, layout, diagramming, adopting as reference the trans-theoretical model of behavior change; Analysis of content and appearance by 22 judges; Semantic analysis by 22 people with HIV. The proportion of positive evaluations of the items was measured, considering a percentage equal to or greater than 85%. Results: My motivational booklet for change! Practices for promoting a healthy lifestyle" had six areas: Body weight control; Healthy eating; Exercise practice; Smoking, alcohol and other drugs; Stress control; and Drug treatment. Most of the items evaluated agreed with an overall average of 92.4% by the judges and 98.9% by the target audience. Conclusion: The booklet had evidence of adequate validity to be used by people with HIV.
Late mesenteric ischemia after Sars-Cov-2 infection: case report
Authors: Macedo Vilson Sovio Oliveira de , Moreira Geterson Bezerra , Albuquerque Ana Cristina Fiuza de , Oliveira Sebastião Carlos de Sousa , Esmeraldo Mateus Aragão , Barbosa Francisco Cesar Barroso
Published: March 2021

Abstract The purpose of this article is to report the case of a 53-year-old black man, with no previous comorbidities, who presented 48 days after a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, complaining of an initially insidious epigastric pain that had progressed to severe pain radiating to the interscapular vertebral region, with hyporexia and episodes of projectile vomiting, with no nausea or fever. Laboratory tests revealed no signs of acute infection or pancreatic injury. Abdominal computed tomography showed dilated, fluid-filled small bowel loops with thickened walls. After clinical treatment, the patient developed persistent abdominal pain. An exploratory laparotomy was performed, finding two sites of small bowel stenosis, with no extrinsic cause, and signs of local ischemia and considerable distension of jejunal and ileal loops. After enterectomy and side-to-side enteroanastomosis, the patient recovered satisfactorily and was discharged with a prescription for oral anticoagulants for outpatient use.
Resultado imediato do tratamento endovascular com stents paralelos do aneurisma roto justarrenal
Authors: Agle Claudia Guimarães , Neves César Amorim Pacheco , Abbehusen Flávia Dórea Carneiro , Andrade Tainã Lemos , Cerqueira Neto Filinto Marques de , Amorim Filho Dejean Sampaio
Published: March 2021

Resumo A ruptura do aneurisma de aorta abdominal é um evento com alta mortalidade, e o seu tratamento nesses casos é uma emergência médica. O tratamento endovascular desses aneurismas tem se estabelecido como uma alternativa minimamente invasiva à cirurgia aberta clássica, tornando-se a opção de primeira escolha. Contudo, 20 a 50% dos pacientes portadores de aneurisma de aorta abdominal não apresentam anatomia favorável para o tratamento endovascular devido à presença de colo curto ou pelo acometimento de ramos viscerais pelo aneurisma. Relatamos um caso de uma paciente de 70 anos submetida à correção endovascular de aneurisma roto justarrenal com implante de stents paralelos para as renais (técnica de chaminé). São apresentados dados clínicos e detalhes do procedimento. O sucesso técnico foi obtido e não houve relato de complicações pós-operatórias.
Welfare during pre-slaughter handling and carcass lesions of beef cattle submitted to different loading densities
Authors: Brennecke Käthery , Zeferino Cynthia P. , Soares Vando Edésio , Orlandi Cássia M.B. , Bertipaglia Liandra M.A. , Sgavioli Sarah , Dian Paulo H.M. , Amâncio Weberson D.C.
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT: Inadequate pre-slaughter handling conditions can compromise animal welfare and productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the animal welfare (AW) indexes during pre-slaughter handling and quantify the carcass lesions of beef cattle submitted to different loading densities. A total of 270 Nellore cattle, at 30 months of age, from three farms were used in the study. Each farm presented a different loading density: higher density (500kg/m2), intermediate density (450kg/m2), and lower density (420kg/m2). Three shipments of cattle from each farm with 30 animals each were used in the AW analysis. Ten animals from each shipment were considered for quantification of carcass bruises. The AW indexes were classified according to the five-freedom criterion (physiological, environmental, sanitary, behavioral, and psychological). After slaughter, the carcasses were inspected in the routine line and evaluated for the presence of lesions. Statistically significant differences (p<0.001) were found for all variables studied as a function of AW and bruises. The best AW index and the lowest mean weight of lesions were found at the loading density of 450kg/m2. The highest carcass weight was observed at the loading density of 500kg/m2. Lesions were found in 100% of the animals at the loading densities of 500 and 420kg/m2. In conclusion, the best AW indexes and the smallest occurrence of bruises were verified at the loading density of 450kg/m2. This study confirmed the importance of adequate pre-slaughter handling to ensure cattle welfare and, consequently, greater profitability for producers and slaughterhouses.
Histomorphometric and immunohistochemical evaluation of the frontal cerebral cortex in diabetic rats after treatment with melatonin
Authors: Baptista Marina G.P. , Ferreira Cintia G.M. , Albuquerque Yuri M.L. , D’assunção Carolline G. , Alves Rebeca C. , Wanderley-Teixeira Valéria , Teixeira Álvaro A.C.
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT: The central nervous system is vulnerable to complications caused by diabetes. These complications lead to increased oxidative stress in the brain, resulting in damage to the cerebral cortex, among other regions. Insulin and hypoglycemic agents are still the most widely used treatments. However, current research with an experimental model of diabetes suggests the use of antioxidants, such as melatonin. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that exogenous melatonin may decrease or prevent the effects of diabetes in the frontal cortex of the rat brain. Fifty albino rats were allocated into five groups: GC = rats without diabetes induction, GD = diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin, GDM = streptozotocin-induced and melatonin-treated diabetic rats, GDI = diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin and treated with insulin, GDMI = diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin and treated with melatonin and insulin simultaneously. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (60mg/kg). Insulin (5U/day) was administered subcutaneously and melatonin (10mg/kg) by drinking water; both treatments last days after. We analyzed animals’ weight, the cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α, apoptosis, glycogen, and did morphometry and histopathology of the frontal cortex were analyzed. The results showed that the cerebral cortex of the diabetic animals presented axonal degeneration, reduced number of neurons in the cortex, reduced glycogen, increased IL-6 and TNF-α expression, high apoptotic index, and reduced animal weight and the brain. Treatment with melatonin associated or not with insulin prevented such effects. Thus, we conclude that melatonin associated with insulin may be an alternative for avoiding the impact of diabetes in the brain’s frontal cortex.
Gangrenous mastitis in sheep caused by multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus
Authors: Moura Guilherme S. , Mota Rinaldo A. , Marques Michele F.S. , Abad Atzel C.A. , Costa Luciana B.B.C. , Souza Fernando N. , Almeida Valdir M. , Filho Givaldo B. Silva , Bom Hisadora A.S.C. , Klaumann Francine , Souza Francisco A.L. , Mendonça Fábio S.
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT: Mastitis is a multifactorial disease and considered one of the most critical problems in the dairy industry worldwide. The condition is characterized by reduced milk and several abnormalities in the mammary gland. This study aimed to report an outbreak of gangrenous mastitis caused by multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus in a Santa Inês sheep herd. Eighteen sheep were affected, and five of them with severe clinical pictures were examined. The clinical and pathological picture were variable and characterized by apathy, anorexia, emaciation, opaque and brittle hair, apparent and congested episcleral vessels, and hyperthermia. These ewes had enlarged, firm, and painful mammary glands. Macroscopically, these lesions consisted of severe gangrenous mastitis, and microscopically, the primary lesions consisted of necrosis, thrombosis, and fibrosis of the mammary parenchyma. Milk samples from one of the five severely affected ewes were collected and cultured under aerobic or microaerophilic incubation at 37°C for 24 hours on sheep blood agar. The obtained colonies were then submitted to MALDI-TOF for speciation. The colonies were also submitted to an antimicrobial susceptibility test, genotyping of virulence factors and resistance genes were also performed. The isolates showed antimicrobial multiresistance since they were resistant to seven out of 13 tested antibiotics. The isolates were also positive for two staphylococcal enterotoxigenic genes (sec and see) and fibronectin-binding protein B (fnbB).
Acute-phase protein concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from healthy horses
Authors: Filippo Paula Alessandra Di , Ribeiro Luiza Maria F. , Meireles Marcos Aurélio D. , Gobbi Francielli P. , Nogueira Andressa Francisca S.
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT: Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was analyzed to obtain information on leakage of acute-phase proteins from the blood into the respiratory lumen and about local synthesis. Ceruloplasmin, transferrin, albumin, α1-antitripsin, immunoglobulin G heavy, immunoglobulin G light, immunoglobulin A, haptoglobin, acidic glycoprotein, and P23 were measured in BALF from 30 horses without inflammatory disease by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). In serum, the same proteins were identified except for α1-antitrypsin. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) can be used for the determination of acute-phase proteins in BALF samples from horses. In healthy horses, the values are very low, but they can be compared with reference values to assist in the diagnosis of animals with respiratory diseases.
Lesions of the sheep reproductive system found in a slaughterhouse in the state of Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Silva Reanne M.M. , Macêdo Juliana T.S.A. , Lacerda Maira S.C. , Azevedo João Paulo M.V.B. , Ferreira Júnior Jair A. , Cerqueira Robson B. , Pedroso Pedro Miguel O.
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to evaluate and diagnose pathologies of the reproductive system of slaughtered sheep in slaughterhouses in the state of Bahia since there are few data on the subject as well as it is important to note the diagnosis of these diseases to apply appropriate control and prophylaxis measures. The research was carried out in slaughterhouses in the state of Bahia according to the “Serviço de Inspeção Federal” and “Serviço de Inspeção Estadual” for sheep slaughter. From July 2018 to February 2019, visits and monitoring of 1,072 slaughtered sheep were carried out. The animals came from 22 municipalities in the state of Bahia, aged from six to 18 months. During slaughter, the sheep reproductive systems were sectioned for evisceration and lesion collection. Additionally, epidemiological surveys related to origin, age, and race were obtained. For bacteriological examination, collections were performed with sterile scalpel slides and swabs in Stuart medium sterile tubes and refrigerated in a thermal box. For histopathological analysis, fragments were fixed in 10% formaldehyde and routinely processed for histology, stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE). A study of the sheep’s main pathological changes in slaughterhouses in the state of Bahia was carried out, in which 1.072 genital systems were evaluated, and 211 alterations were identified. The most affected reproductive organs were the ovaries (65.3%), followed by the uterus (29.4%) and uterine tubes (5.3%). In the ovaries, the most frequent lesion was a follicular cyst (34.1%); in the fallopian tubes, the cysts represented 3.3% of the lesions, and in the womb, endometritis was observed in 9% of the animals. Other pathologies identified in the ovaries were: luteinized cyst (2.3%); cystic granulosa cell tumor (0.5%); benign lesion (0.5%); agenesis unilateral (0.5%), in addition to other changes of little clinical significance, such as corpus luteum cysts (11.8%) and paraovarian cysts (15.6%). In the fallopian tubes, hydrosalpinx was observed (1%), as well as adenoma (0.5%), agenesis (0.5%), and cysts (3.3%). Uterine lesions included hydrometra (2.3%); Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia (CEH), abscess, and pyometra (1.4% each); adenomyosis, womb sera petechiae, and total segmental aplasia (1% each); two pregnant uterus, in early pregnancy, presented pyometra (0.9%), however, no change was observed in the fetuses; and uterine polyp (0.5%). Ectopic pregnancy with fetal maceration (0.5%) was observed; vaginitis occurred in 0.5% of the animals, and endometrial melanosis in 8.5%. The high incidence of follicular cysts and endometritis are characterized as diseases that reduce the reproductive efficiency in herds, causing infertility and economic losses in production.
Use of oral fluids to detect anti Lawsonia intracellularis antibodies in experimentally infected pigs
Authors: Gabardo Michelle P. , Sato José Paulo H. , Resende Talita P. , Otoni Luisa V.A. , Rezende Lucas A. , Daniel Amanda G.S. , Pereira Carlos E.R. , Guedes Roberto M.C.
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT: Several pathogens and antibodies derived from serum or produced in tissues associated with the oral cavity are present in the oral fluid (OF). Considering the applicability of this alternative sample, recent studies in veterinary medicine have tested OF as a replacement for serum in diagnostic assays. The aim of this study was to standardize the immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA) to detect anti-Lawsonia intracellularis immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in OF samples from experimentally infected pigs. Sixty-two pigs were divided into two groups: control (T1, n=30) and inoculated with L. intracellularis (T2, n=32). Blood, OF and fecal samples were collected at 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 42 days post-inoculation (dpi). Some adaptations of the standard technique for serum were made to IPMA for the detection of IgA and IgG in OF. The IPMA showed high specificity and sensitivity for serum samples and high specificity and moderate sensitivity for the detection of IgA and IgG in OF. There was high agreement between the results of serum IgG and OF IgA and IgG. Based on our results, oral fluid samples may be used for the evaluation and determination of anti-L. intracellularis antibodies in pigs, but not for individual diagnosis of swine proliferative enteropathy.
Comparative characterization of digestive proteases in redhead cichlid (Vieja melanurus) and twoband cichlid (Vieja bifasciata) (Percoidei: Cichlidae)
Authors: Frías-Quintana Carlos Alfonso , Peña-Marín Emyr Saul , Ramírez-Custodio Carlos David , Martínez-García Rafael , Jiménez-Martínez Luis Daniel , Camarillo-Coop Susana , Guerrero-Zárate Rocío , Asencio-Alcudia Gloria Gertrudys , Álvarez-González Carlos Alfonso
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT In the Southeast of Mexico, there are many native cichlids with commercial interest such as redhead cichlid (Vieja melanurus) and twoband cichlid (V. bifasciata), which have a great local demand and excellent meat quality. However, it is necessary to implement their culture based on nutrition studies and digestive biochemistry. This study’s objective was to characterize these two cichlids’ digestive proteases (pH, temperature, and inhibitors) through biochemistry techniques. Results showed that V. melanurus and V. bifasciata have a digestive capacity analogous to other omnivore fishes, where the optimal pH values of stomach proteases (4 and 2, respectively) and intestinal proteases (6 and 12, respectively), the optimal temperature of acid (35°C and 55°C, respectively) and alkaline proteases (45°C and 55°C, respectively) are quite similar. Both species presented high thermal and pH stabilities. Inhibition showed that V. melanurus is more sensitive to specific inhibitors for alkaline proteases than V. bifasciata. In conclusion, V. bisfasciata and V. melanurus have different digestive protease patterns. Both species can hydrolyze different protein ingredients to formulate a specific diet. Nevertheless, V. bifasciata is more resistant to the presence of inhibitors, which allow it to include vegetable proteins in its diet.
Sindicalismo, Processo Decisório e Reforma da Previdência no Governo Lula
Authors: Silva Sidney Jard da
Published: March 2021

RESUMO O presente artigo analisa o trâmite legislativo da reforma da Previdência no governo Lula. O foco do artigo está concentrado no papel desempenhado pela bancada sindical (deputados e senadores) no acordo político para a aprovação da PEC Paralela da Previdência. A restrição da análise ao trâmite parlamentar da matéria não é fortuita, trata-se de um recorte teórico-metodológico direcionado para o locus principal do processo decisório das reformas previdenciárias em regimes democráticos: a arena legislativa. Em situações político-institucionais em que um governo considerado aliado apresenta uma proposição legislativa que contraria os interesses de setores importantes da base sindical, os parlamentares sindicalistas votam a favor ou contra o projeto encaminhado pelo Executivo? Os achados da pesquisa confirmam a hipótese da predominância da orientação partidária sobre o comportamento parlamentar da bancada sindical. No entanto, os resultados encontrados também demonstram que não se trata de mera subordinação política, mas, sim, de um complexo processo de negociação envolvendo atores institucionais, partidários e sindicais.
Television‐induced electronegative photoparoxysmal response: an extratemporal seizure mimic?
Authors: Calado Gabriel , Desai Nimit , Kasteleijn Dorothee , Tatum William O.
Published: March 2021

Video‐EEG monitoring is an established gold‐standard procedure for diagnosis and differentiation of epileptic and non‐epileptic seizures. Epilepsy misdiagnosis, to which factors such as EEG artifact misinterpretation contribute to, is common, and can have long‐lasting iatrogenic repercussions to the clinical management of affected patients. Among the many types of responses to photic stimulation, artifacts and physiologic and epileptic responses are possible. All of these can interfere with EEG interpretation when provoked by a source of illumination. Photic‐induced responses are of increasing relevance given the ubiquity of screens and other light‐emitting electronics in our modern world. One of these, the photoparoxysmal response, is a frequent finding in photosensitive patients with genetic generalized epilepsies. Various responses beyond abnormal occurrence of cortical spikes or spike‐and‐wave discharges are known to occur on EEG in response to intermittent photic stimulation (IPS), with different clinical implications. To our knowledge, we report a unique electronegative photoparoxysmal response during video‐EEG monitoring induced by fluctuating illumination caused by a distant television screen. This response mimicked an extratemporal seizure in a young woman with frontal lobe epilepsy, admitted for presurgical evaluation. Novel electronegative responses to electronic devices during video‐EEG monitoring merit consideration by EEG interpreters to help avoid misdiagnosis.
Identifying patients with epilepsy at high risk of cardiac death: signs, risk factors and initial management of high risk of cardiac death
Authors: Surges Rainer , Shmuely Sharon , Dietze Christoph , Ryvlin Philippe , Thijs Roland D.
Published: March 2021

People with epilepsy have a three‐fold increased risk of dying prematurely, and a significant proportion is due to sudden cardiac death or acute myocardial infarctions. The causes of increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in epilepsy are manifold and include acute or remote effects of epileptic seizures, the longstanding epilepsy itself or antiseizure treatments. Seizure‐related cardiac arrhythmias are common and comprise bradyarrhythmia and asystole, atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. The most frequent clinically relevant seizure‐related arrhythmia is ictal asystole that may require implantation of a cardiac pacemaker, whereas seizure‐related ventricular tachycardias are only rarely reported. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy and myocardial infarction are rare complications and predominantly described in association with tonic‐clonic seizures. Epilepsy‐related cardiac complications include a disturbed cardiac autonomic nervous system and acquired dysfunction of the heart (recently defined as ‘epileptic heart’), probably contributing to the abnormalities of cardiac repolarisation and elevated risk of sudden cardiac death in people with epilepsy. If successful, the use of antiseizure medication prevents seizure‐related cardiac arrhythmias and remote cardiac complications. However, enzyme‐inducing antiseizure medications have a negative impact on cardiovascular risk factors, which may further be aggravated by weight gain linked to specific antiseizure drugs. Given the severe consequences of cardiac risks, the aim of this educational review is to explain the many facets of cardiac complications and their underlying causes, and to enable the reader to recognize and manage these risks with the goal to mitigate the cardiac risks in people with epilepsy. Features of syncope are explained in detail, as syncope of all origins can be mistaken as epileptic seizures in people with or without epilepsy, and ictal syncope (i.e. seizure‐induced syncope) can easily be ignored.
Heritagelore and an Introduction to the Thematic Issue on Culture and Heritage under Construction
Authors: Gradén Lizette , O'Dell Tom , Thompson Tok
Published: March 2021

Taking inspiration in Barbro Klein’s work, this article focuses on the production of a particular type of institutional lore that we call heritagelore. Heritagelore, as we are advancing the concept here, is composed of the discursive practices within the walls and the organizations of museums. It is the lore that shapes and at least partially structures the types of stories that directors, museum boards, curators, programing staff, and other museum personnel tell to one another about their institutions. As this article argues, the heritagelore of a museum legitimates certain curatorial perspectives, while making others more difficult to imagine. 
Успех и удача. Фактор везения и миф меритократии
Authors: Фрэнк Роберт
Published: March 2021

Один из наиболее известных современных специалистов по поведенческой экономике Роберт Фрэнк дает ответ на вопрос, насколько для экономического успеха важна удача, и показывает, почему богатые недооценивают роль удачи в успехе и почему это вредно для всех, включая самих богатых. Он описывает, как в мире, где все больше доминируют рынки, на которых победитель получает все, шансы и несущественные различия на старте зачастую оборачиваются значительным разрывом в доходах; как ложные представления об удаче сохраняются, несмотря на убедительные свидетельства против них; и как мифы об успехе и удаче определяют пагубные личные и политические решения. Книга адресована социологам, экономистам, социальным психологам, специалистам по поведенческой экономике, а также широкому кругу читателей.
Тайная жизнь деревьев. Что они чувствуют, как они общаются — открытие сокровенного мира
Authors: Вольлебен Петер
Published: March 2021

Лес — привычное и обыденное чудо. Поставщик древесины и кислорода, местообитание множества живых организмов, родина сказок и легенд, он кажется таким знакомым и понятным. Однако много ли нам известно о самих деревьях, об их чувствах и взаимоотношениях? Как они общаются между собой и можно ли освоить их язык? Чем отличаются городские деревья от своих лесных родственников? Существует ли связь между деревьями разных поколений? На все эти вопросы просто и доступно отвечает лесник из Западной Германии Петер Вольлебен — специалист с многолетним стажем и автор множества популярных книг о природе. Книга адресована биологам, экологам и всем тем, кто любит природу.
Physicochemical Properties of Octane Isomers in View of the Structural Numbers
Authors: Perdih Anton
Published: March 2021

The structural features of octane isomers were quantified with help of the Structural Numbers. A Mutually Optimized Contribution of the Structural Numbers (MOCSN) was used to calculate which parts of information regarding branching contribute the tested Structural Numbers. Besides the known Structural Numbers, two Asymmetry Numbers were developed in order to quantify the asymmetry of the octane isomers, one regarding the asymmetry along the main chain of the molecule and the other one regarding the asymmetry perpendicular to the main chain of the molecule. Their correlation to the values of 29 tested physicochemical properties of octanes was low, |R| < 0.6. After optimization of the Mutually Optimized Contribution of the Structural Numbers, the Information Content of the Mutually Optimized Contribution of the Structural Numbers ranged from 34.3% to 89.0% of the information contained in the physicochemical properties. The Structural Numbers enable the first step of the structural interpretation of physicochemical properties of octane isomers. In 17 out of 29 cases the most of information contained in the physicochemical properties is presented among the Structural Numbers by the Number of Branches, in 8 cases by the Peripheral Number, in 3 cases by an Asymmetry Number and in 1 case by the Distance Number.
Apoptotic Effect of Homobrassinin and Thiazino[6,5-b]indol is Associated with Downregulation of Heat Shock Proteins in Human Ovarian Adenocarcinoma Cells
Authors: Solárová Zuzana , Kello Martin , Solár Peter
Published: March 2021

Phytoalexins are substances with antimicrobial properties produced by plants after being attacked by microorganisms, especially phytopathogenic fungi and viruses. They are also currently being studied for their antitumor effect. We aimed to study the apoptosis-stimulating effect of homobrassinin and thiazino[6,5-b]indol in human ovarian adenocarcinoma A2780 and A2780cis cells via flow cytometric analysis of annexin V/PI, caspase 3 and 9 activity, cytochrome C release, and smac-diablo accumulation. Using the western blot technique, we also monitored the effect of both indoles on the response of heat shock proteins in these cells. Thiazino[6,5-b]indol showed more pronounced sensitizing and/or pro-apoptotic effect compared to homobrassinin accompanied by increased smac-diablo accumulation at earlier time intervals and pronounced externalization of phosphatidylserine at 72 h in A2780cis compared to A2780 cells. The apoptosis stimulating effect of thiazino[6,5-b]indol in A2780cis cells was associated with significant irreversible downregulation of HSP70 and HSP90 and partly with a decrease of HSP40. On the other hand, cisplatin-induced the apoptosis of sensitive A2780 cells with reversible downregulation of HSP40 and HSP57. In conclusion, the effect of thiazino[6,5-b]indol on resistant A2780cis cells could have a great utility in both the potential prevention and the treatment of other cisplatin-resistant tumor cells.
CO2 Improved Synthesis of Benzimidazole with the Catalysis of a New Calcium 4-Amino-3-hydroxybenzoate
Authors: Gao Ruo-Xuan , Gao Yuan-Yuan , Zhu Ning , Han Li-Min
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we explored the synthesis of benzimidazole by the reaction of DMF and o-phenylenediamine. In the process of catalyst screening, we found that 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoic acid, benzoic acid, and benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid could catalyze the reaction. Moreover, the calcium 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoate and CO2 could more effectively catalyze the reaction, the synergistic effect of CO2 and 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoic acid calcium salt can increase the yield of benzimidazole from 28% to 94%.
Documento: Real Cédula de Carlos III a los tribunales de Badajoz, exigiéndoles legalidad y agilidad en las resoluciones
Authors: Habela Vaca Emiliana
Published: March 2021

Breve estudio que pretende dar a conocer un documento de la etapa del monarca español Carlos III, dirigido a los Tribunales y Justicias del Reino. Se les pide que procedan con arreglo a la ley y resuelvan las causas con la mayor rapidez posible. El documento analizado es una copia enviada al Ayuntamiento de Badajoz para su cumplimiento en la ciudad y en todos los pueblos de su partido.
El control de la discrecionalidad técnica de valoración de incapacidades por las jurisdicciones contencioso-administrativa y social
Authors: Cano Murillo Alicia , Villalba Lava Mercenario
Published: March 2021

Concepto de la discrecionalidad técnica y de su control judicial en sede Contencioso-Administrativa y Social. Planteamiento de los conceptos jurídicos indeterminados de incapacidad y discapacidad de los trabajadores en el área social y de los funcionarios públicos en el de la Administración Pública. Valoración de sus distintas técnicas de control, concluyendo que finalmente se llega a una situación equiparada de dicho control de la discrecionalidad técnica.

Palabras clave: Discrecionalidad judicial, recurso de suplicación, orden jurisdiccional Social, orden Contencioso-Administrativo, control judicial, capacidad y discapacidad.
El principio de legalidad ante el homicidio y la enfermedad mental: una visión criminológica
Authors: Sáenz de Pipaón del Rosal Leyre
Published: March 2021

Desde el ámbito penal, se establecen una serie de garantías a favor del justiciable, pero -igualmente- hay una finalidad de tutela penal a una sociedad que clama protección y lucha contra la criminalidad. Abordamos, en este estudio, la relación de la enfermedad mental con los delitos contra la vida, poniendo de relieve que -con frecuencia- confundimos la enfermedad mental con peligrosidad, explicando el crimen en base a la dolencia que presenta el autor. Se hace necesario, en este sentido, ahondar en las posibles condiciones asociadas al hecho delictivo (etiología), así como a sus manifestaciones (fenomenología), procurando la prevención y tratamiento.