bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aristotle and the Problem of Universal Accessibility in Leisure
Authors: Deng Lianchong
Published: October 2024

Leisure is both a necessary precondition for, and the ultimate purpose of, human activities. As such, it is commonly understood as a state of contemplation practiced for its own sake. However, this view raises a problem regarding its universal accessibility. Aristotle’s ethical and political theories demand leisure as a universally embraced way of life, while contemplative leisure appears impractical for common people. There are broadly two approaches to fix this problem: (a) distinguishing leisure of two sorts, and (b) expanding the semantic scope of contemplation. Nevertheless, they both come with certain limitations. I propose redefining leisure as a moral-psychological concept aligned with the allegedly hexis-state of the soul. This redefinition presents leisure as a basic human condition, offering a possible solution to the problem of its universal accessibility.
Natūrfilosofinės subjekto ir gamtos apibrėžtys: F. W. J. Schellingas ir I. H. Grantas
Authors: Junelis Domas
Published: October 2024

Straipsnyje tyrinėjama subjekto ir gamtos samprata bei jų santykis F. W. J. Schellingo natūrfilosofijoje (Naturphilosophie), daugiausia remiantis šiuolaikine I. H. Granto interpretacija. Aiškinama, kad natūrfilosofija, subjektą traktuojanti kaip gaminamą gamtos, o pačią gamtą kaip absoliutų produktyvumą, tuo pačiu metu kritiškai atsigręžia į I. Kanto transcendentalinio idealizmo polinkį hipostazuoti subjektą jį atskiriant nuo gamtos. Straipsnyje taip pat teigiama, kad natūrfilosofija priartėja prie materialistinės logikos, pagal kurią subjektas, kaip gamtos produktyvumo produktas, yra vienas iš gamtos momentų, todėl jo pretenzijos galutinai apibrėžti gamtą yra nevaisingos. Teigiama, kad šis negalutinumas yra ne epistemologinio trūkumo pasekmė, bet pačios gamtos ir jos produktų ontologinė padėtis.
L-arginine, aminoguanidine and mesenchymal stem cells reduce the level of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers and D-dimer in the lungs of mice with antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors:   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine, Mekhno N. Ya. , Dovgalyuk A. I. ,   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine;, Tokarskyy O. S. ,   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine;, Korda M. M. ,   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine;, Yaremchuk O. Z. ,   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine;
Published: October 2024

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by damage to the intima of the microcirculatory blood vessels as a result of the formation of autoimmune antibodies to phospholipids of cell membranes. Recent data indicate a possible link between the occurrence of autoimmune diseases and endoplasmic reticulum stress, impaired nitric oxide availability, high plasma D-dimer level. The aim of the study was to estimate the effect of nitric oxide synthesis modulators L-arginine and aminoguanidine, and mesenchymal stem cells on the level of inositol-requiring enzyme-1a (IRE-1a), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP-78) as ER stress markers, and the level of D-dimer in the lung tissue of female BALB/c line mice with experimental APS induced with cardiolipin administration. 30 experimental animals were divided into five groups: 1 – control animals; 2 – mice with APS; 3 – mice with APS, injected intraperitoneally with L-arginine hydrochloride (25 mg/kg) and aminoguanidine (10 mg/kg); 4 – mice with APS, injected intraperitoneally with stem cells (5×106/kg); 5 – mice with APS, injected with L-arginine hydrochloride, aminoguanidine and stem cells in combination. After 10 days post APS formation animals were removed from the experiment, proteins were extracted from the lung tissue and their level was determined with Western blotting. It was established that in group with APS the levels of IRE-1, GRP-78 and D-dimer were substantially increased as compared to the control group. After separate administration of both arginine with aminoguanidine and MSC, as well as with their combined use, the level of IRE-1, GRP-78 and D-dimer decreased compared to the indices in animals with induced APS. The obtained data indicated that this effect is probably due to the reduction of ER stress through iNOS inhibition and the anti-inflammatory action of MSCs. Keywords: aminoguanidine, antiphospholipid syndrome, D-dimer, endoplasmic reticulume stress, GRP-78, IRE-1, L-arginine, lung, mesenchymal stem cells
Passos para a elaboração de instrumentos de escolha forçada do tipo rank
Authors: Pereira de Almeida Paloma , Callegaro Borsa Juliane , Landeira-Fernandez J.
Published: October 2024

Os instrumentos no formato de escolha forçada têm se mostrado bastante úteis na prevenção do falseamento das respostas. No entanto, mesmo sabendo que a vantagem do controle deste viés é bastante útil em diversos contextos de atuação do psicólogo, o número de instrumentos psicológicos neste formato e artigos brasileiros sobre esta temática ainda é escasso. O presente artigo tem como objetivo fomentar esta discussão, trazendo informações sobre as principais etapas presentes na construção de um instrumento de escolha forçada do tipo RANK, com vistas a auxiliar os pesquisadores em sua execução. As etapas da criação dos blocos de respostas e a forma de análise da desejabilidade social dos itens são alguns dos tópicos discutidos.
Discourse Network Analysis of Chemical Castration Punishment Pros and Cons in Online Media
Authors: Handayani Riki
Published: October 2024

Sexual harassment continues to occur with an increasing number of victims. Chemical castration has been proposed as a solution, but it has sparked debates among experts and the public. This study examined the arguments for and against chemical castration in online media. It used the Discourse Coalition Framework and the Discourse Network Analysis approach to map this debate. The analysis included 84 statements from 32 news articles published on Detik.com between January 2016 and December 2022. The study revealed changes in the online discussions of chemical castration. The discourse shifted from the focus on norms and the purpose of punishment to the nature of punishment and its purpose. Subsequently, a discourse coalition emerged between the actors regarding chemical castration. The actors sought support from one another to support their respective positions. The discourse also changed along with groups of diverse views. Some rejected the law, arguing that it contradicts religious principles and does not guarantee a deterrence effect. Meanwhile, those who supported chemical castration continued to strengthen their arguments. In general, this study can be a reference for addressing sexual harassment.
Karakteristik dan Model Tafsir Kontemporer
Authors: Fangesty Maolidya Asri Siwi , Ahmad Nurwadjah , Komarudin R. Edi
Published: October 2024

Tafsir modern-kontemporer memberikan angin segar bagi khazanah keilmuan tafsir Al-Qur’an. Ia berusaha untuk menyingkap makna Al-Qur’an dengan cara mengembalikan fungsi Al-Qur’an sebagai petunjuk hidup manusia dengan cara menerapkan prinsip al-ihtida bil qur’an, yakni menjadikan Al-Qur’an sebagai petunjuk hidup serta menjaga relevansi penafsiran dengan realitas kehidupan manusia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memaparkan sejarah munculnya tafsir modern-kontemporer, model dan karakteristik tafsir modern-kontemporer serta kitab-kitab tafsir modern-kontemporer. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data library research (studi kepustakaan). Tafsir modern-kontemporer lahir pada abad 19 M akhir sampai dengan 21 M diawali oleh pemikiran Muhammad Abduh yang gencar menyebarkan paham pembaharuan atau tajdid. Ia juga melihat tafsir-tafsir di masa sebelumnya yang cenderung bertele-tele dan melupakan tujuan utama Al-Qur’an sebagai pedoman hidup manusia, terutama mengkritik tafsir yang bercorak lughawi sehingga lahirlah corak adabi ijtima’i. Corak lain yang ada pada masa ini adalah ilmi’, ilhadi dan feminisme. Sedangkan kitab-kitab tafsirnya adalah tafsir Al-Manar karya Muhammad Abduh dan Rasyid Raidha, Fi Zhilalil Qur’an karya Sayyid Qutub dan Al-Misbah karya Quraish Shihab. Tafsir ini menggunakan sumber penafsiran bil ma’tsur dan bil ra’yi dan metode yang digunakan adalah maudhui, tahlili dan kontekstual. Diantara karakteristiknya adalah memadukan teori kekinian atau kontekstaulitas dengan kaidah teori Al-Qur’an, menyingkap dengan lugas aspek keindahan bahasa Al-Qur’an dengan singkat dan kembali memfungsikan Al-Qur’an sebagai petunjuk.
Are Rituals Causally Opaque?
Authors: Placek Caitlyn Diane
Published: October 2024

Xygalatas (2022) states that rituals are causally opaque, meaning they have symbolic value and lack a practical outcome in the external world. In this commentary, I address my concerns with Xygalatas’ definition of ritual, which are framed as follows: first, are rituals causally opaque, or does the way researchers think and ask about rituals create a response bias? Second, if rituals consist of transparent outcomes, does this negate their classification as a ritual? Third, must a ritual lead to impractical outcomes to still be considered a ritual? I focus primarily on fasting and drug use in reference to the stated questions to illustrate the complexity underlying the definition of ritual. Using ethnographic examples, I highlight the need for further discussion of the definition of ritual to discern if causal opacity is truly necessary to establish a series of behaviors as ritualistic.
Our Journey to Poplar Grove began with this Missile (on Flight Tests of the RT-2 Intercontinental Ballistic Missile on the Plesetsk Proving Ground)
Authors: Alexander Tolochko
Published: October 2024

In the first half of the 1960s, Special Design Bureau No. 1 created the RT-2 intercontinental ballistic missile. The use of the new missile in the Strategic Missile Forces was supposed to be part of the Separate Start type missile system. It was meant to be a worthy response to the American Minutemen. For the RT-2 rocket flight development tests, an experimental test base (technical and launch positions, command-measuring and computing complexes) and infrastructure facilities (roads, bridges) were created, fall fields and target fields were prepared, testing military units were formed, and personnel was trained. In 1966-68, flight tests of the RT-2 rocket were carried out as part of the 15P098 missile system. Although the RT-2 missile did not match the American Minutemen in terms of shooting accuracy and throw-weight, it was put into service and its modified version was on combat duty until 1994. The RT-2 became the first domestic solid-fuel intercontinental ballistic missile. An original layout and a new control system allowed it to “almost catch up” with the characteristics of Minuteman-2 and created the prerequisites for its further modernization. An excellent silo launcher, the best command post at that time, the first remote control and monitoring systems, and a small number of maintenance personnel made the system with these missiles one of the best in the Strategic Missile Forces at the beginning of the 1970s. The purpose of this article is to summarize information about the flight development tests of the RT-2 missile at the 53rd Research Test Site of the USSR Ministry of Defense (Mirny, Arkhangelsk Region). To achieve it, in addition to official documents and technical documentation, the author used information from the archives of testing military units and memories of participants in the events.
Öğretmenlerin Dijital Vatandaşlık Kavramına Yönelik Algıları: Nitel Bir Analiz
Authors: Çetin Münevver , Yıldız Baklavacı Gizem
Published: October 2024

İnternetin insanlar ve toplumlar üzerinde yarattığı etki vatandaşlık kavramını dijital ortama taşımış ve dijital vatandaşlık kavramı ortaya çıkmıştır. Teknoloji kullanım becerilerini de içine alarak dijital ortamda sorumluluk bilinciyle etik ve evrensel kurallar çerçevesinde hareket etmeyi de gerektiren dijital vatandaşlık, alt boyutları ile birlikte incelenmektedir. Bu çalışmada öğretmenlerin dijital vatandaşlık kavramına yönelik algılarının incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilim deseninin kullanıldığı bu çalışmada lisansüstü eğitim almış veya almakta olan 14 öğretmenden yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığı ile veriler toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizine tabi tutularak belli temalar altında kodlanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda öğretmenlerin dijital vatandaşlığın dokuz alt boyutu ile ilgili tanımlarla örtüşür şekilde görüşler belirttikleri anlaşılmaktadır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre öğretmenler, dijital erişim boyutunda farklı amaçlarla internete erişim sağladıklarını ve dijital ortamları en çok kişisel ve mesleki gelişimleri için kullandıklarını ifade etmektedirler. Öğretmenler, dijital etik ihlalleri konusunda farkındalık sahibidir ve bu konuda önlem almak için çeşitli yöntemlere başvurmaktadır. Dijital hukuk haklarına dikkat eden öğretmenler, özel hayatın gizliliği, ifade özgürlüğü ve siber zorbalık gibi konuların hukukla korunduğunu bilmektedirler. Araştırmanın bir başka sonucu ise öğretmenlerin dijital iletişim içerisinde aktif şekilde bulunduklarıdır. Sosyal medya uygulamaları, yazışma uygulamaları, video konferans uygulamaları ve e-posta yoluyla iletişim kuran öğretmenler, dijital dünyada etkin bir şekilde yer almaktadır. Dijital ortamlarda alışveriş yapmayı tercih eden öğretmenler, dijital güvenlik konusunda da bilinçlidirler. Öğretmenler dijital ortamlarda sorumluluk bilinci ile hareket ettiklerini, başkalarının haklarına saygılı olunmasının önemini ve başkalarının haklarına saygılı olunmaması durumunda hissettikleri rahatsızlıkları vurgulamışlardır. Ayrıca katılımcı öğretmenlere göre özellikle dijital okuryazarlık, dijital etik ve dijital sağlık konularında öğrenci ve öğretmenlere yönelik eğitime ihtiyaç vardır.
Demanda no trabalho e intenção voluntária de rotatividade dos Auditores Independentes
Authors: Weissmantel Cristiane Wornath , Silva Jessica Merco do Nascimento e , Cunha Paulo Roberto da
Published: October 2024

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a influência da demanda no trabalho na intenção voluntária de rotatividade de auditores independentes, considerando os efeitos mediadores do engajamento no trabalho e da Síndrome de Burnout. A pesquisa é descritiva, do tipo survey, com abordagem quantitativa, e conta com uma amostra de 196 auditores independentes brasileiros. Os resultados confirmaram a associação positiva entre a demanda no trabalho e a intenção voluntária de rotatividade dos auditores. Além disso, evidenciou-se que o engajamento no trabalho atua como mediador nessa relação. Por outro lado, a Síndrome de Burnout não desempenha função mediadora na relação entre a demanda no trabalho e a intenção de rotatividade. Finalmente, observou-se que o engajamento no trabalho exerce uma influência negativa e neutralizadora sobre a Síndrome de Burnout. Esses resultados proporcionam às firmas de auditoria uma compreensão mais aprofundada dos antecedentes da intenção de rotatividade dos auditores independentes.
A Study of q-Deformed Bosons, and Their Implications to Quantum Optics
Authors: Şenay Mustafa
Published: October 2024

In this study, we investigate three types of q-deformed boson oscillators, focusing on their mathematical frameworks and thermodynamic properties. We calculate key thermodynamic quantities, such as internal energy and entropy, as functions of the deformation parameter q. Our results reveal that these oscillators are eigenstates of specific deformed boson annihilation operators. We also analyze their unique characteristics and implications in deformed quantum optics. Furthermore, we examine the impact of q-deformation on qutrit logic gates, including cycle, self-shift, controlled cycle, controlled self-shift, Feynman, ternary Toffoli, and Fredkin gates, highlighting their altered computational properties. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of q-deformed systems and their applications in quantum computing. Overall, it opens new avenues for exploring the interplay between deformation parameters and quantum information processing.
The Trend in Mitigation Strategies of 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol and Glycidyl Esters in Edible Vegetable Oils: Today and Tomorrow
Authors: Yıldız Kıvılcım , Özdikicierler Onur , Ergönül Günç
Published: October 2024

3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) and its esters, which have carcinogenic and genotoxic effects, are contaminants induced by high-temperature that have been detected in refined oils and fatty foods. 3-MCPD esters, chlorinated propanols, were first identified in 1978 in acid-hydrolysed vegetable proteins used as flavour enhancers in many foods. Glycidyl esters (GE) are contaminants that can occur in edible oils during heat treatment and are formed mainly during the deodorisation phase of refining. The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified 3-MCPD as a ’potential carcinogen for humans’ in group 2B. Glycidol has also been classified as group 2A with mutagenic and carcinogenic properties, i.e. ’probably carcinogenic to humans’. In addition, glycidol has been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a ’possible human carcinogen’ (group 2A). Toxicological studies have shown that these genotoxic and carcinogenic contaminants induced by heat treatment are released in the gastrointestinal tract and cause the formation of tumours. In this review the mechanisms of formation, toxicological effects of 3-MCPD and GE on human health, and methods of their detection are shown. The latest strategies to mitigate and prevent 3-MCPD and GE formation during crude oil production, refining and beyond are also discussed.
Quercetin regulates sensitivity to X-ray radiation of hepatocellular carcinoma through miR-216a-3p
Authors: Bedolla Nuran , Liu Linyu , Xie Qiuxian , Liu Xueting , Ren Yanli
Published: October 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive liver cancer with limited therapeutic options, and enhancing radiosensitivity remains a key challenge in improving treatment outcomes. Quercetin (Que) can inhibit the progression of HCC; however, its effect on HCC radiosensitivity remains unclear. This research investigates the role of Que in regulating HCC growth and radiosensitivity, aiming to provide a scientific foundation for enhancing the clinical efficacy of radiation therapy in HCC. The CCK-8 assay was used to determine the optimal treatment conditions for Que and X-rays. Changes in cell growth, cycle arrest, invasion, migration, the relative proportion of JC-1 red and green fluorescence (mitochondrial membrane potential), and the levels of ROS, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase (oxidative stress) were assessed using flow cytometry, Transwell assays, JC-1 staining, Western blot, and ELISA, respectively, under Que, X-ray, and co-treatment conditions. The effect of miR-216a-3p knockdown on the action of Que was also explored, and the potential pathways by which Que regulates HCC growth and radiosensitivity were investigated in conjunction with in vivo subcutaneous transplantation tumor experiments. The in vitro treatment parameters for Que and X-rays were 100 μM and 4 Gy. Que combined with X-ray therapy enhanced HCC cell radiosensitivity, reduced proliferation, invasion, and migration, and promoted oxidative stress and apoptosis. Que was found to upregulate miR-216a-3p in HCC cells. Rescue experiments with miR-216a-3p knockdowns demonstrated that Que regulates HCC cell radiosensitivity via miR-216a-3p. In vivo research further showed that Que increased tumor sensitivity to X-rays by upregulating miR-216a-3p, thereby inhibiting HCC growth. In conclusion, Que has been shown to enhance HCC radiosensitization by upregulating miR-216a-3p and inhibiting HCC progression. Que may be a promising agent for increasing the radiosensitivity of HCC.
Historia de las Casas de la Juventud en España: El caso de Ourense como germen de Educación Social
Authors: Brea-Castro Millán , Sotelino-Losada Alexandre , Álvarez-Caneda David
Published: October 2024

Las Casas de la Juventud nacen en la segunda mitad del siglo XX como lugares para la libertad y la socialización entre jóvenes españoles. En estos nuevos entornos se programaban actividades con un sentido democrático, vanguardista, y con vocación educativa y social. En este sentido, el objetivo de este artículo es definir las dinámicas internas que han seguido las Casas de la Juventud en España, buscando vínculos con los principios de intervención social básicos, sin perder de vista su contextualización. Para ello hemos utilizado una metodología de corte cualitativo, basado en la revisión histórico-documental, y un método de entrevista. Así, se ha procedido a estudiar las casas más representativas a nivel estatal. Para el análisis de resultados se han definido varias categorías en función de las propuestas e iniciativas, los recursos existentes, las técnicas de intervención y el papel de sus profesionales, y, por último, la gestión ejercida por sus direcciones. Finalmente, y entre las principales conclusiones, destacamos que los factores que más han incidido en el éxito, y caída, de este modelo son de índole política, y de gestión.
Tertulias Pedagógicas Dialógicas: Evolución de la Formación del Profesorado para el Impacto Social
Authors: León-Jiménez Susana , Segovia-Aguilar Blas , García-Cabrera Mª del Mar
Published: October 2024

La formación continua del profesorado es esencial para mejorar la calidad del sistema educativo y los resultados de aprendizaje, convivencia e inclusión. A lo largo de la historia de la educación, han surgido diversos modelos formativos, siendo uno de los más recientes la Formación Dialógica del profesorado. Las Tertulias Pedagógicas Dialógicas, como actuación que ejecuta esta modalidad, destacan por su innovación, científica y teóricamente sustentada, poniendo a disposición de sus participantes las evidencias y bases avaladas por la comunidad científica internacional. Este artículo analiza sus características distintivas en comparación con otras formas de formación docente, desde la perspectiva de 27 participantes. Los resultados presentados abordan las singularidades de este espacio de diálogo y construcción compartida de conocimiento, que favorece tanto impactos profesionales, como personales. Se discute la contribución de esta investigación al estudio de la formación del profesorado a lo largo de los años, resaltando la relevancia de esta modalidad formativa en la evolución de las prácticas pedagógicas orientadas al impacto social.
Keratoconus: current diagnostic approach
Authors: Pateyuk Liudmila S.
Published: October 2024

Keratoconus is an ectatic corneal disease, resulting in loss of visual functions in young population. Diagnosis of the disease at a moderate stage with a typical progressive clinical course is not particularly difficult; however, the diagnosis verification in a few cases is rather troublesome. This literature review systematizes modern conceptions to the keratoconus diagnosis, outlines current approaches to patients examining and diagnostics results assessing. The clinical manifestations (complaints, anamnesis data, visometry and autorefractokeratometry results) at the early stages of keratoconus with its non-progressive course are similar to ordinary myopia and regular myopic astigmatism; as a result, it is quite difficult to suspect the disease in such cases. With progressive keratoconus course, as corneal protrusion develops, the disease acquires features specific for gradual irregular corneal myopic astigmatism growth. Currently valuable pathognomonic slit-lamp signs of keratoconus are Fleischer’s ring, stromal Vogt’s striae and focal thinning of the cornea in the ectasia apex. Nowadays the gold standard of keratoconus diagnosis and screening is comprehensive examination of the cornea by means of modern computer optical scanning (Scheimpflug camera in particular) keratoanalyzers, combining keratoscopy (Placido’s disc) and keratotomography. The keratoanalyzers original software generates maps and calculates irregularity indices of the cornea shape (keratotopography), refractive power (keratometry) and thickness (keratopachimetry), as well as values the probability and stage of corneal protrusion. Such diagnostic platforms provide differential diagnosis and verification of keratoconus at the earliest signs of the topographic stage of the disease; to date, there are no effective methods, that can reliably confirm or exclude ultrastructural changes at the pretopographic stage of keratoconus.
Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of carbon nanostructures
Authors: Litasova Elena V. , Iljin Viktor V. , Piotrovskiy Levon B.
Published: October 2024

The interaction of any substance with the body is determined by several parameters, namely: its adsorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME properties). Naturally, this also fully applies to such a class of compounds as carbon nanostructures. They are mostly composed of sp2-hybridized carbon atoms (except for nanodiamonds, which consist of sp3-hybridized atoms). However, they differ significantly in their properties. This review focuses on these differences. It covers fullerenes, nano-onions, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanohorns, graphene and its derivatives, as well as nanodiamonds.
Characterization of the ADP/ATP Carrier Protein (PF3D7_1004800) in Plasmodium falciparum
Authors:   , Malanda Karen Lennie , Ke Hangjun
Published: October 2024

Malaria caused by Plasmodium species particularly Plasmodium falciparum remains a global public health problem. Despite the availability of multiple treatment options, the battle to completely eradicate malaria continues to face numerous challenges. One significant challenge is the parasite's development of resistance to nearly all antimalarials that have been used, including chloroquine and artemisinin. As such, fully understanding the essential pathways of Plasmodium parasites is vital in identifying possible drug targets. One of the possible drug targets is the ADP/ATP carrier protein (PF3D7_1004800) based upon its predicted essentiality in P. falciparum. Literature on various model organisms such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae has provided insights into the function of the ADP/ATP carrier protein in mitochondrial ATP export. Using the CRISPR-Cas9 system coupled with the Dicre recombinase system, a conditional knockout of the P. falciparum ADP/ATP carrier protein was induced. Additionally, the TetR-DOZI aptamer system was also utilized to induce a conditional knockdown of the protein. Here we demonstrate that i) ADP/ATP (PF3D7_1004800) is essential for the survival of the parasite. ii) Knockdown of this protein affects the parasite's mitochondrial membrane potential. The essentiality of this ADP/ATP carrier protein and its sequence divergence from mammalian counterparts lacking the conserved RRRMMM conserved domain suggest that it is a prospective antimalarial drug target.
Rapid recovery after total hip arthroplasty: direct anterior approach combined with PENG block and lateral cutaneous femoral nerve block
Authors: Eremin I. K. , Daniliyants A. A. , Ermakova N. A. , Baysarov U. A. , Molarishvili Z. M. , Semenov N. A. , Zagorodniy N. V.
Published: October 2024

Introduction The "gold" standard for the treatment of late stages of coxarthrosis is total hip arthroplasty. Direct anterior approach (DAA) refers to minimally invasive surgical interventions in orthopaedics. Extended anesthetic measures in combination with low-traumatic surgical techniques may reduce postoperative pain and accelerate patient's recovery.

The purpose of the study was to compare the recovery times of patients after hip arthroplasty using DAA in  combination with PENG block, lateral cutaneous femoral nerve (LCFN) block and without extended anesthetic measures.

Materials and methods A prospective randomized comparative clinical study was performed, which involved 62  patients divided into two groups: the study one (n = 29) and the control one (n = 33). In  both groups, arthroplasty was performed using DAA. Patients of the study group underwent PENG block and  LCFN block. The patients in the control group did not receive extended anesthesia. The evaluation criteria were pain assessment using the visual analogue scale (VAS), administration of painkillers, patient’s mobility and the length of hospital stay.

Results The VAS score for pain in the study group were lower than in the control group after 6 hours — 3.7 (3.4; 4.1) and 4.3 (4.2; 4.8); 24 hours after surgery — 3.5 (3.3; 3.6) and 4.1 (3.9; 4.5) (p < 0.001). After 48 hours, the indices were comparable: 3.5 (3.1; 4.1) and 3.7 (3.6; 3.9) (p = 0.19). The rate of requests for pain relief in the first 24 hours was lower in the study group than in the control group: 2 (1; 2) and 3 (2; 3) cases (p = 0.003). The results of the manual muscle test after 6 hours and 24 hours were comparable (p > 0.05). The time interval between the end of the operation and the first walking on crutches was shorter in the study group — 3.1 hours (2.9; 3.4) and 3.98 hours (3.8; 4.2) (p < 0.001). The length of hospital stay was shorter in the study group: 1.5 (1.2; 2) and 2.5 (2; 3) days (p < 0.001).

Discussion Lower postoperative pain allows faster activation of patients, thus improving the results of the early rehabilitation period.

Conclusion The use of PENG block and LCFN block in arthroplasty with the use of DAA has clinical effectiveness in the first 24 hours, and helps to accelerate the postoperative recovery of patients.
Clinical, functional and neuropsychological status of joint replacement patients
Authors: Dzhigkaev A. H. , Tynterova A. M. , Kozenkov I. I. , Khaibulin E. V. , Trofimova E. V. , Popadin K. Yu. , Gunbin K. V. , Goncharov A. G.
Published: October 2024

Introduction The number of hip and knee replacement surgeries is increasing annually in Russia and worldwide. The majority of patients receiving joint arthroplasties are elderly women.

The objective was to assess the clinical, functional and neuropsychological status of patients undergoing total knee or hip replacement.

Material and methods The study included 448 patients admitted for elective surgery of total knee or hip replacement at the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics of the Federal Center for High Medical Technologies (CHMT, Kaliningrad Region). Anthropometric parameters of the patients were measured, the medical history and concomitant diseases recorded. Common blood count and biochemistry test were evaluated preoperatively. Neuropsychological examination included assessment of cognitive and executive functions, levels of distress, depression, anxiety and somatization.

Results Almost all patients studied were found to have varying degrees of obesity. A typical combination of  concomitant pathology in volunteers was stage 2 hypertension, risk degree 2–3, and chronic gastritis in  remission. Half of the volunteers showed moderate and high levels of distress, depression, anxiety and somatization. A significant number of volunteers showed moderate to high levels of cognitive decline. Age- and sex-related blood counts were slightly different from the normal ranges for a CBC and biochemistry. Changes in leukocyte count were detected.

Discussion Leukocyte counts indicated the osteoarthritis induced inflammatory process in most patients. Mitochondrial dysfunction and aging of the immune system contributed to the “proinflammatory status.” The high rate of cognitive impairment in volunteers was associated with age and comorbidity, cardiovascular conditions, in particular. Distress and anxiety were associated with emotional reactions to surgery.

Conclusion The factors reported can affect the duration and course of rehabilitation. The “pro-inflammatory status” of patients can complicate the healing of a postoperative wound. Neuropsychological disorders noted during postoperative rehabilitation can have a significant impact on physical recovery, social and professional adaptation.
Treatment of patients with periprosthetic infection and management of Paprosky type 2C cavitary defects at the stage of articulating spacer installation
Authors: Rozhkov N. I. , Ermakov A. M. , Triapichnikov A. S. , Sazonova N. V.
Published: October 2024

Introduction Due to the constant increase in the number of primary and revision hip arthroplasties, the incidence of complications has been also increasing. Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is the most common and dangerous complication in joint arthroplasty, including PJI with cavitary defects of the acetabulum (Paprosky type 2C).

The purpose of the work was to demonstrate successful results of managing acetabular defects in patients with periprosthetic infection at the stage of installing an articulating spacer.

Materials and methods The patients underwent surgical management of cavitary defects of the acetabulum with allobone plastic material at the stage of installation of an articulating spacer impregnated with antibacterial drugs. A clinical and functional assessment of the effectiveness of treatment of patients with PJI of the hip joint, who underwent bone grafting of acetabular defects at the first stage of two-stage revision arthroplasty, was carried out. Remission of the infectious process was assessed according to the ICM 2013 (International Consensus Meeting), and the function of the affected limb was assessed according to the HHS (Harris Hip Score).

Results At a 6-month follow-up after implantation, there were no clinical and laboratory manifestations of PJI and radiological signs of instability of the implant components. Bone grafting was evaluated to be satisfactory; the function of the affected joint restored to 80–90 to HHS points. Remission of the infectious process according to ICM was achieved.

Discussion Clinical cases studied demonstrate a positive result of treatin PJI with plastic surgery of cavitary defects of the acetabular bottom at the stage of articulating spacer installation. Filling acetabular defects at  the  sanitizing stage (implantation of a spacer) subsequently provides improvement of primary fixation and  osseointegration of the acetabular component when converting the spacer to a permanent implant. This is due to an increase in the contact area of the acetabular component with bone tissue (native bone and remodeled allobone material).

Conclusion The treatment of the first clinical case improved joint function from 24 to 85 HHS points, and in the second from 27 to 76 HHS points. The use of defect filling techniques enabled to stop the infection and improve functional results.
El talento humano y la gestión pública de una Municipalidad Distrital
Authors: Chanduy Cubas Diego Stuar , Bernal Zambrano Brandon Aldahir , Echeverría Jara José Foción
Published: October 2024

La presente investigación tuvo como propósito; determinar el nivel de influencia del talento humano en la gestión pública de la municipalidad distrital de Lagunas, período 2020. El enfoque de investigación fue cuantitativo y aplicada, utilizándose para ello el diseño de investigación no experimental, descriptivo y de corte transversal correlacional. En el estudio se tomó en cuenta como población a todos los 50 trabajadores que laboran en la municipalidad; de ellos se determinó considerar una muestra censal, toda vez que la población es pequeña y a quienes se aplicó los cuestionarios elaborados donde se diseñaron 24 ítems organizados en torno a 4 dimensiones relacionadas con la variable de talento humano, y otros 18 ítems centrados en 3 dimensiones vinculadas a la variable de gestión pública, cuyas respuestas fueron evaluadas mediante una escala Likert, con el fin de medir la respuesta de los trabajadores respecto a las variables del estudio. Los resultados mostraron que el talento humano tiene una influencia significativa sobre la gestión pública en la Municipalidad Distrital de Lagunas, periodo 2020. Se halló un coeficiente de correlación de Spearman (Rho) de 0.640, lo que indica una buena correlación entre ambas variables. Además, se obtuvo un nivel de significancia de 0.000, inferior a 0.05, lo que llevó a la aceptación de la hipótesis alternativa y al rechazo de la hipótesis nula. En cuanto a las subvariables competencias, conocimiento, habilidades y comportamientos éticos, los coeficientes de correlación de Spearman fueron 0.464, 0.433, 0.400 y 0.762, respectivamente, con niveles de significancia de 0.001, 0.002, 0.004 y 0.000, todos menores a 0.05. Esto confirma que cada dimensión del talento humano influye de manera significativa en la gestión pública de la municipalidad.
Inafectación tributaria del impuesto de alcabala en concesiones mineras en zonas no urbanas en el desarrollo de localidades rurales
Authors: Banda Gonzales Diana Raquel
Published: October 2024

El estudio tuvo como general analizar la Inafectación tributaria del impuesto de alcabala en concesiones mineras en zonas no urbanas en el desarrollo de localidades rurales, para alcanzar dicho objetivo se utilizó una metodología cualitativa con un diseño fenomenológico hermenéutico; la recolección de datos se llevó a cabo a través de entrevistas guiadas, con la participación de ocho expertos; obteniendo como resultado que, la exención tributaria en las concesiones mineras rurales perjudica los recursos municipales destinados a servicios comunitarios; se concluyó que esta exención crea desigualdades en la carga fiscal, afectando negativamente la infraestructura y los servicios públicos en las comunidades locales. Este fenómeno afecta la equidad tributaria y la justicia fiscal, ya que la normativa actual no se ajusta al principio de capacidad contributiva ni fomenta un desarrollo equilibrado, limitando la disponibilidad de recursos para el avance de las zonas rurales afectadas.
Bankruptcy Prediction in the Shipping Industry Based on Machine Learning Models
Authors:   Korean Academy Of International Commerce, Inc., Kwon Min-Su , Jeong Dae-Hwan
Published: October 2024

Purpose: This study aims to enhance bankruptcy prediction accuracy in the shipping industry by using advanced machine learning models, specifically XGBoost and LSTM, comparing the predictive factors between large enterprises and SMEs.
Research design, data, and methodology: Utilizing financial data from 2001 to 2023 for the Korean shipping industry, the study analyzes key financial ratios and macroeconomic indicators. XGBoost and LSTM models are employed to develop customized bankruptcy prediction models for large enterprises and SMEs.
Results: The XGBoost model outperforms others, effectively handling complex financial and macroeconomic variables. Large enterprises are more influenced by internal financial factors, while SMEs are sensitive to external economic conditions like a shipping index.
Conclusions: The study highlights the need for tailored prediction models to improve bankruptcy risk management in the shipping industry, especially focusing on the size of the company. Future research should explore model applicability across different regions, and should consider integrating real-time data for enhanced accuracy.
Flexible Working Arrangement (FWA) Model: Reducing Congestion Levels and Work Stress and Increasing Work Productivity
Authors: Sultan Zulkifli , Fachmi Muhammad , Klimko Roman
Published: October 2024

Research aims: This research aims to analyze the impact of the flexible working arrangement (FWA) system in reducing traffic jams, reducing work stress, and increasing work productivity.Design/Methodology/Approach: This research uses a sample collection technique with purposive sampling by distributing questionnaires to 100 government and company employees and interviewing 5 informants from government employees. Data analysis uses SEM (structural equation model) with the AMOS analysis tool.Research findings: Flexible working arrangements (FWA) have an important role in reducing traffic jams, which can increase a person's work stress. Reducing traffic congestion has a positive impact on workers and decreases work stress. Despite flexible working arrangements (FWA), work congestion and stress do not influence work productivity.Theoretical Contribution/Originality: This research contributes to the science of human resource management and urban management related to HR work activities.Practitioners/Policy Implications: The results of this research become a source and basis for guidance in structuring work patterns to be more efficient and effective, i.e., working flexibly can reduce the level of traffic congestion.Research Limitations/Implications: The limitation to this research includes the very limited number of respondents and informants who cannot be met directly so the question-and-answer process is less in-depth. Moreover, the indicators for each variable are still lacking, while the references are still weak.
An observational study on menstrual hygiene practices among adolescents girls attending zilla parishad high school at Kommadi village in Visakhapatnam
Authors: Kiran E Ravi , Raju M. Satyanarayana
Published: October 2024

Under RMNCH+A strategy, adolescent health program is relatively a new concept, particularly for female gender, and has been considered to be a continuum of health services up to adolescent age. The priority interventions among adolescent girls are, nutrition, Adolescent Friendly Health clinics (AFHCs), Counselling, Menstrual hygiene and preventive health checkups. Menstrual hygiene component has been taken for the present study among the adolescent girls in a Zilla Parishad High School aged 10 to 19 years. Rastriya Kishora Swastya Karyakram (RKSK) is broader one including both gender for distinct health services in India.

: To study the association of various socio- economic and cultural practices influencing the usage of sanitary napkins by menstruating adolescent school girls.

: Cross sectional study among menstruating adolescent girls in a Zilla Parishad High School at Kommadi village. 198 adolescent girls were randomly selected for study using semi structured questionnaire. Each menstruating girl is questioned categorically (yes/no) as per the structured questionnaire covering socio economic status, literacy of mother, awareness about ASHA etc. Appropriate statistical tests like frequencies, percentages and chi-square tests are applied to analyse and interpret the collected data.

Socio-demographic factors of the target population in the community from where the adolescent girls attending zilla Parishad High school were subjected to study and found that 19(22%) adolescent girls having white ration card are using sanitary napkin. 46% of sanitary napkin users in our study are aware of using cloth available in the house during menstruation. 39 (52%) adolescent girls using sanitary napkin are aware of ASHA worker visiting their colony. One of the family members, either mother or elder sister being a member in Self Help Group in the colony is influencing the usage of sanitary napkin 46 (50.5%). Habit of Over-the-Counter drugs usage in the family has significantly (55%) influenced the adolescent school girls in using sanitary napkin. School drop-outs 51(62.9%) are also observed among sanitary napkin users during menstruation.

: The usage of sanitary napkin replacing the traditional home-made cloth is highly essential for proper menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls attending the school regularly without drop out. The role of ASHA workers and other paramedical staff in the community cannot be undermined.
Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and risk profiling among urban adults of a southern Indian city
Authors: Gopinath S  , Nagaraj Neha
Published: October 2024

The global demographic and epidemiological transitions are increasing the burden of non-communicable diseases, with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) being the leading cause of mortality. Due to limited risk estimation studies in India, this study was conducted to address this gap, following the WHO's risk approach for CVD prevention.

The aim is to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors and predict CVD risk among study subjects using a modified WHO STEPS questionnaire and WHO/ISH risk charts.

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a South Indian city from September 2022 to November 2022 with a sample size of 198, using the WHO/ISH risk prediction tool to assess CVD risk factors. Data analysis was performed with Microsoft Excel and SPSS 21, using descriptive analysis for baseline demographics, Chi-square tests for associations, and multinomial logistic regression to identify independent CVD risk factors.

The most prevalent risk factors were hypertension (36.9%), obesity (27.8%), dyslipidemia (27.7%), diabetes mellitus (21.7%), low physical activity (15.7%), smoking (13.1%), and alcohol intake (12.1%). Among participants, 16.5% had a high (>20%), 16% had a moderate (10-20%), and 67.5% had a low (<10%) risk of a fatal/non-fatal cardiovascular event in the next 10 years. Risk factors significantly associated with CVD (P<0.05) included age >40 years, dyslipidemia, physical inactivity, junk food consumption, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. In the multinomial logistic regression model, age, physical inactivity, diabetes, and hypertension were significant predictors for both high and moderate risk.

Our study found a higher proportion of participants with high cardiovascular risk, with physical inactivity, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension being significant predictors, and diabetes mellitus having the highest odds. The WHO/ISH chart proved useful for estimating CVD risk in resource-limited settings.
Study of delayed deaths in hanging: Unravelling post-obstructive pulmonary oedema as the primary cause of death
Authors: Sheikh Mohammed Iliyas , Kanani Jayeshkumar , Tailor Chandresh I
Published: October 2024

Suicide by hanging is a significant public health concern globally, with delayed deaths presenting unique challenges in understanding the underlying pathophysiology.In this observational study, cases of suicidal hanging resulting in delayed death were isolated, and comprehensive analyses were performed. Data collection included detailed histories of the suicidal attempts, circumstances surrounding the events, medical treatment records, and thorough autopsy examinations, including histopathological analyses.

: This study aims to investigate cases of delayed death by hanging and analyse the associated pathophysiological mechanisms.

Three cases of delayed death by hanging were identified and analysed in this study. Each case involved individuals who initially survived the suicidal attempts and received medical treatment. Despite efforts, all three individuals succumbed to their injuries after a period of time. Autopsy findings revealed characteristic signs of hanging, along with evidence of post-obstructive pulmonary edema as the cause of death in each case.

This study highlights the occurrence of delayed deaths following suicidal hanging and underscores the importance of understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms involved. The identification of post-obstructive pulmonary edema as a significant contributor to mortality in these cases emphasizes the need for timely and effective medical interventions to mitigate adverse outcomes in individuals who survive hanging attempts.