bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Deslealtad por deslealtad: Un estudio de Abdías 7”
Authors: Bartolo H Abner B.
Published: August 2020

Abdías 7 describeun tratado internacional roto. ¿Quiénes quebrantan el tratado internacional con Edom? La identidad de estos aliados es incierta pero se ha sugerido que podrían ser los babilonios, las tribus árabes, o los nabateos. Estosaliados anónimos en el texto serían fácilmente identificables por los primeros oidores y lectores del oráculo pues en ese momento Edom tenía untratado de paz y cooperación con Babilonia. No pasaron muchas décadaspara que este tratado se rompiese bajo el liderazgo de Nabonido, cuandoel ejército de Babilonia y estados vasallos atacaron a Edom. Los edomitasdesestimaron cualquier ataque de su “amiga” Babilonia y tenían excesode confianza por su ubicación geográfica (v. 3). El ejército babilónico y desus estados vasallos son los que saquearían todas las riquezas de Edom (v.6) y matarían a sus guerreros (v. 9); estos son los que le tenderían trampa,engañarían, someterían, y empujarían hasta la frontera (v. 7).
“Inmoralidad sexual: Un estudio del término πορνεία”
Authors: Mueller Ekkehardt
Published: August 2020

La inmoralidadsexual se menciona repetidamente tanto en el Antiguo Testamento comoen el Nuevo. Se hace referencia a ella con frecuencia a través del término πορνεία y sus cognados. El propósito de este estudio es determinarel significado del término πορνεία y sus cognados —ἐκπορνεύω, πορνεία,πορνεύω, πόρνη y πόρνος— en el texto del Antiguo Testamento de la LXXy en el Nuevo Testamento. El uso de πορνεία en la LXX y en el NuevoTestamento es similar aunque la LXX prefiere el sentido figurado y elNuevo Testamento el significado literal. El estudio sugiere que πορνεία ylos términos relacionados se refieren a actividades sexuales (siempre quese usen en sentido literal) tales como la prostitución, las relaciones sexuales prematrimoniales, el adulterio, el incesto y la actividad homosexual.
Kemampuan Empati Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Nugraha Dadan , Apriliya Seni , Veronicha Riza Kharisma
Published: August 2020

The ability of empathy is one of the factors that become the basis of the success of social interaction, because in that relationship it is necessary to understand the mutual understanding of feelings and help each other. This research was conducted in TK PGRI SID Sartika District Cineam which aimed to describe the empathy ability of early childhood. Subjects in this study were children aged 5-6 years, amounting to 10 children consisting of 5 boys and 5 girls.This research uses quantitative approach with descriptive research method. Data collection techniques used in this study are observation and field notes. Instruments in this research use observation sheet,  field note, and documentation. The results showed that from the analysis of data of empathy ability of children aged 5-6 years in TK PGRI SID Sartika District Cineam include caring attitude, tolerance attitude, and taste grace attitude, get result that the average number of items that appear for children who are at The age range of 5-6 years is 9.5 items / descriptor, hence the average achievement achievement of empathy ability of children aged 5-6 years in TK PGRI SID Sartika District Cineam with total students aged 5-6 years 10 Children get the criteria evaluation Developed As Expectations (BSH).Kemampuan empati merupakan salah satu faktor yang menjadi dasar dari suksesnya interaksi sosial, karena dalam hubungan tersebut diperlukan adanya pengertian untuk saling memahami perasaan dan saling tolong menolong. Penelitian ini dilakukan di TK PGRI SID Sartika Kecamatan Cineam yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan empati anak usia dini. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah anak usia 5-6 tahun yang berjumlah 10 orang anak terdiri atas 5 orang anak laki-laki dan 5 orang anak perempuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi dan catatan lapangan. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan lembar obsevasi, catatan lapangan, dan dokumentasi. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari hasil analisis data kemampuan empati anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK PGRI SID Sartika Kecamatan Cineam meliputi sikap peduli, sikap toleransi, dan sikap tenggang rasa, mendapatkan hasil bahwa rata-rata jumlah item yang muncul untuk anak yang berada pada rentang usia 5-6 tahun adalah sebanyak 9,5 item/deskriptor, maka dengan demikian diperoleh rata-rata capaian perkembangan kemampuan empati anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK PGRI SID Sartika Kecamatan Cineam dengan total siswa yang berusia 5-6 tahun sebanyak 10 orang mendapatkan kriteria penilaian Berkembang Sesuai Harapan (BSH).
ANALISIS PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN TERPADU PADA KELOMPOK BERMAIN (PLAY GROUP) DI TK ISLAM TIRTAYASA SERANG
Authors: Atikah Cucu
Published: August 2020

Integrated learning has not been maximally implemented by teachers in the Islamic Kindergarten of Tirtayasa. The lack of teacher creativity in applying integrated learning and low student participation are the trigger of this research. The aim of this research was to find and analyze descriptive picture about the application of integrated learning to play group in improving various aspects of development in Islamic Kindergarten Tirtayasa Serang the results showed that integrated learning is effective enough to stimulate developmental aspects in play group, because it combines the subject matter in one theme. Aspects of these developments include aspects of moral religion, motor physical, language, cognitive and art.  Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh belum dilaksanakannya pembelajaran terpadu oleh guru-guru di lingkungan TK Islam Tirtayasa secara optimal. Selain itu, minimnya kreatifitas guru dalam menerapkan pembelajaran terpadu serta partisipasi siswa yang rendah sebagai pemicunya. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai pada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis gambaran secara deskriptif tentang  penerapan pembelajaran terpadu pada kelompok bermain dalam meningkatkan berbagai aspek perkembangan di TK Islam Tirtayasa Serang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran terpadu cukup efektif untuk menstimulus aspek-aspek perkembangan pada kelompok bermain, karena memadukan materi-materi pelajaran dalam satu tema. Aspek perkembangan tersebut meliputi aspek agama, moral, fisik motorik, bahasa, kognitif, dan seni.
PERSEPSI ORANGTUA TERHADAP PENTINGNYA PROGRAM PARENTING PADA PIMPINAN ‘AISYIYAH RANTING BAMBU APUS KECAMATAN PAMULANG KOTAMADAYA TANGERANG SELATAN (2018)
Authors: Ndari Susianty Selaras , Pranawaty Rita
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTParents have a major  role in parenting, so parents need to have knowledge in performing their role of parenting through parenting. Based on preliminary research data found the low parental involvement in the parenting program in Bambus Apus branch of Pamulang District, South Tangerang. This study aims to determine the perception of parents on the importance of parenting program on the Leaders of Twigs' Aisyiyah Bambu Apus Pamulang District Municipality of South Tangerang. While the long-term goal of this study is to increase parental involvement in the parenting program in 'Aisyiyah Bambeng Apus Sub District Pamulang Tangerang Selatan. The research was conducted by using descriptive analysis method that aims to describe the nature or characteristics of a particular phenomenon by purposive sampling approach, that is sampling based on certain targets, with the population are all members of Aisyiyah members of Bambeng Apus sub-district of Pamulang who send their children in kindergarten / PAUD 'Aisyiyah Kotamadaya Tangerang Selatan. Methods of data collection were conducted using questionnaires, documentation, structured interviews and literature study. The result of this research shows that the perception of importance of parenting activity on the leadership of Aisyiyah Tangerang Selatan is very important 24%, important 28%, quite important 48%, not important 0% and very unimportant 0%. Orangtua memiliki peran utama dalam pengasuhan anak, oleh karena itu orangtua perlu memiliki ilmu pengetahuan dalam melaksanakan perannya mengasuh anak melalaui parenting. Berdasarkan data penelitian awal ditemukan masih rendahnya keterlibatan orangtua dalam program parenting di Ranting Bambu Apus Kecamatan Pamulang Tangerang Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi orangtua terhadap pentingnya program parenting pada Pimpinan Ranting ‘Aisyiyah Bambu Apus Kecamatan Pamulang Kotamadya Tangerang Selatan. Sedangkan tujuan jangka panjang penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keterlibatan orangtua dalam program parenting di ‘Aisyiyah Ranting Bambu Apus Kecamatan Pamulang Tangerang Selatan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk menguraikan sifat atau karakteristik dari suatu fenomena tertentu dengan pendekatan purposive sampling, yaitu pengambilan sampel berdasarkan target tertentu, dengan populasi adalah seluruh ibu-ibu anggota ‘ Aisyiyah Ranting Bambu Apus Kecamatan Pamulang yang menyekolahkan anaknya di TK/PAUD ‘Aisyiyah Kotamadaya Tangerang Selatan. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuisioner, dokumentasi, wawancara terstruktur serta studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh data bahwa persepsi pentingnya kegiatan parenting pada pimpinan ‘Aisyiyah Tangerang Selatan sangat penting sebesar 24%, penting 28%, cukup penting 48%,tidak penting 0% dan sangat tidak penting 0%.
KEGIATAN SUPERVISI PENDIDIKAN DALAM MENUNJANG KINERJA GURU DI TK ISLAM TIRTAYASA SERANG
Authors: Atikah Cucu
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTSupervision activities are often conducted in the Islamic Kindergarten Tirtayasa because there is an indication of the low performance of teachers, especially newly appointed teachers. Generally lack the mastery of communication with learners and the principles of learning in TK.Tujuan want achieved in this study is to analyze and describe the activities of supervision of education in supporting the performance of teachers in the Islamic Kindergarten Tirtayasa Serang. The number of teachers in the Islamic TKT is 14 people. The results showed that the supervision of education activities conducted principals can support the performance of teachers. Kegiatan supervisi seringkali  dilakukan di TK Islam Tirtayasa karena ada indikasi rendahnya kinerja guru, khususnya guru-guru yang baru diangkat. Umumnya kurang menguasai komunikasi dengan peserta didik dan prinsip-prinsip pembelajaran di TK.Tujuan yang ingin dicapai pada penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan tentang kegiatan supervisi pendidikan  dalam menunjang kinerja guru di TK Islam Tirtayasa Serang. Jumlah guru di TK islam Tirtayasa 14 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan supervisi pendidikan yang dilakukan kepala sekolah dapat menunjang kinerja guru.
PERKEMBANGAN KECERDASAN INTRAPERSONAL ANAK USIA DINI KELOMPOK B TK NEGERI PEMBINA KOTO BARU KECAMATAN KUBUNG KABUPATEN SOLOK
Authors: Angela Nidia , Mulyana Edi Hendri , Nugraha Dadan
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Some professional studies show that intrapersonal intelligence is one  of the important intelligenceswhichto be owned and developed for the students besidethe other intelligences. Considering the importance of it, the education world should be aware about the importance of intrapersonal intelligence besides the other intelligences. The purpose of this study is to find out the intrapersonal intelligence development of children at  Group B Pembina state kinderkarten Koto Baru Kubung district Solok regency. And to know the intrapersonal intelligence  development of children in the self-discipline aspect, self-confidence, responsibility, expressing activities and capability to improve themselves. By using purposive sampling technique obtained data to be studied there are 15 child. The method of this research is descriptive method with qualitative approach. After analyzing the collected data, it shows that the intrapersonal intelligence development of children at  group B Pembina state kinderkarten Koto Baru Kubung district Solok Regency is very good development level (BSB), because, from 15 researched childrens there are 8 childrens who achieve very good development (BSB), 5 children who achieve according to the expectations development (BSH), and 2 children with achievement levels began to grow (MB). ABSTRAK Berbagai kajian para ahli menunjukkan bahwa kecerdasan intrapersonal merupakan suatu bentuk kecerdasan yang penting dimiliki dan dikembangkan pada diri peserta didik disamping kecerdasan lainnya. Mengingat pentingnya hal tersebut, dunia pendidikan ini harus menyadari akan pentingnya kecerdasan intrapersonal disamping kecerdasan yang lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perkembangan kecerasan intrapersonal anak kelompok B TK Negeri Pembina Koto Baru Kecamatan Kubung Kabupaten Solok. Dan untuk mengetahui perkembangan kecerdasan intrapersonal anak dalam aspek mandiri, disiplin, percaya diri, tanggungjawab, mangekspresikan kegiatan dan mampu memperbaiki diri.  Dengan menggunakan teknik puposive sampling didapatkan data yang akan diteliti ada 15 orang anak. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Setelah dilakukan analisis terhadap data yang terkumpul diketahui bahwa perkembangan kecerdasan intrapersonal anak kelompok B TK Negeri Pembina Koto Baru berada pada tingkat pencapaian berkembang sangat baik (BSB), kerena dari 15 orang anak yang diteliti terdapat 8 orang anak yang berada pada tingkat pencapaian berkembang sangat baik (BSB), 5 orang anak yang berada pada tingkat pencapaian berkembang sesuai harapan (BSH), dan 2 orang anak dengan tingkat pencapaian mulai berkembang (MB).
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PERMAINAN SAINS FEED THE ZOO ANIMALS BERBANTU FLASH CARD UNTUK MEMFASILITASI KEMAMPUAN MENGENAL HURUF
Authors: Arifani Ghias Isqi , Mulyana Edi Hendri , Sumardi Sumardi
Published: August 2020

The research problem was obtained through a preliminary study in the Al-Hamid Kindergarten in Tasikmalaya City, namely the difficulty of the teacher in making and developing learning media that is suitable to the needs, especially the media to recognize letters.The methode used is expansing methode type EDR from Mckenney and Reeves as generic model. Streps to do is :  1) analysis and exploration step, design and construction step, evalution and reflection step. Product constructed is learning and playing science media feed the zoo animals aided  flash card. The media is specially designed for introducing letters variated with science consept. This research can only done two steps that is analysis and exploration then design and construction. The , evalution and reflection step can’t be held, remembering there’s trial and error processes due to thus Covid-19 pandemic (Coronavirus Disease 2019). Based on the results of the validation by a team of experts consisting of material experts, instructional media and pedagogics, the science game media feeds the zoo animals assisted with flash cards for further feasible use in learning in PAUD, as an alternative use of learning media that can facilitate aspects of child development only language development in particular is recognizing letters. Permasalahan penelitian didapat melalui studi pendahuluan di TK Al-Hamid Kota Tasikmalaya yaitu kesulitan guru dalam membuat dan mengembangkan media pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan khususnya media untuk mengenal huruf. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode pengembangan jenis EDR (Educational Design Research) dengan model Generik dari McKenney Reeves. Tahapan-tahapan yang dilakukan yaitu 1) tahap analysis and exploration 2) tahap design and construction; 3) tahap evalution and reflection. Produk yang dihasilkan berupa media permainan sains feed the zoo animals berbantu flash card. Media permainan tersebut dirancang secara khusus untuk mengenalkan huruf yang divariasikan melalui penanaman konsep sains. Penelitian ini hanya dapat melaksanakan dua tahap yaitu tahap analisis dan eksplorasi serta desain dan konstruksi. Tahap evaluasi dan refleksi tidak dapat dilakukan, mengingat tidak akan dilakukan uji coba produk, karena adannya pandemi covid-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019). Berdasarkan hasil validasi oleh tim ahli yang terdiri dari ahli materi, media pembelajaran serta pedagogik, media permainan sains feed the zoo animals berbantu flash card untuk selanjutnya layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran di PAUD, sebagai salah satu alternatif penggunaan media pembelajaran yang dapat memfasilitasi aspek perkembangan anak salah satunya perkembangan bahasa khususnya mengenal huruf.
Architectural Space in the Paintings by Vincent van Gogh
Authors: Avdeeva Yuliya N. , Degtyarenko Kseniya A. , Kolesnik Maria A. , Koptseva Natalia P. , Pchelkina Daria S. , Shpak Anna A.
Published: August 2020

The article presents an overview of the basic conceptual post-impressionism principles to identify the artistic and sociocultural context of the works by Vincent van Gogh, and the published researches of paintings by Van Gogh, manifesting a diversity of approaches to the artistic heritage of the painter. The authors of the article analyse three pieces by Vincent van Gogh created in 1888: Bedroom in Arles, Interior of a Restaurant in Arles, and The Night Café. Belonging to the same period, these paintings were selected to study the way van Gogh translated psychological states and represented a subjective picture of the world through building an illusive architectural space. The article presents the results of the philosophic and art analysis of the given works depicting personal and public spaces, and a conclusion on the significance and role of the interior genre in the art of Vincent van Gogh is made
To the Question of Analytical Estimate of Evaporation Time of the Drop, Crossing Through the Heat Media
Authors: Gladkov Sergey O.
Published: August 2020

Due to the kinetic approach the modelling description of the drop evaporation is offer. The main equation of the theory received due to the conservation law of dissipative functions of the vapor – liquid system. The diapason of drop size it’s finding when its stability. It’s comparison of the results with the famous classical is given. The numerical estimate of the linear size of small disperse phase when take place usually evaporation (i.e. the Knudsen’s number is a small Kn = l R ≪ 1, where l is a free length path of the molecule and R is an drop radius) are given
The Study of the Fine Structure of Ti-Al Coatings on the Surface of Ti, Obtained by Mechanical Alloying
Authors: Sagdoldina Zhuldyz B. , Rakhadilov Baurzhan K. , Abylkalykova Riza B. , Kveglis Lyudmila I. , Shalaev Pavel O. , Kozhanova Rauan S.
Published: August 2020

The work is devoted to the study of structural-phase transformations in composite coatings (Ti-Al)+Ti during mechanical alloying. The data on the structural-phase states of (Ti-Al)-Ti coatings after mechanical alloying have been obtained, confirming the mechanism of formation of the modified layer due to deformation compaction of powder particles on the titanium surface under mechanical action. As a result of mechanochemical fusion, a TiAl3 phase with a bcc lattice (I4=mmm structure) was detected, which corresponds to the stable state of the TiAl3 alloy. Under conditions of mechanical alloying of the structure, I4=mmm transforms into the L12 structure, which corresponds to the metastable state of TiAl3
Generalized Contractions to Coupled Fixed Point Theorems in Partially Ordered Metric Spaces
Authors: Seshagiri Rao, N. , Kalyani Karusala
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this paper is to establish some coupled fixed point theorems for a self mapping satisfying certain rational type contractions along with strict mixed monotone property in a metric space endowed with partial order. Also, we have given the result of existence and uniqueness of a coupled fixed point for the mapping. This result generalize and extend several well known results in the literature
Medya ve Nihilizm: Türk Medyası Örneği
Authors: BASMACI Pınar
Published: August 2020

Hiççilik kelimesine karşılık gelen nihilizm, öz ile değer ve amaç yoksunluğudur. Yanılsama felsefesi olarak da nitelendirilen nihilizm, Nietzsche tarafından aktif ve pasif olarak sınıflandırılmakta, Baudrillard tarafından da buna saydam nihilizm eklenmektedir. Bununla birlikte politik, ahlaki, epistemolojik, kozmik ve varoluşsal olarak da ayrılan nihilizm, medyayla çok daha farklı anlamlara bürünmektedir. Medyanın rollerinin dönüşmesi, eğlenceyi merkezine alması ya da olayları abartması medyadaki nihilizm olarak nitelendirilirken, nihilizm çeşitleri için de farklı tanımlamalar ortaya konmaktadır. Nihilizm ve nihilizm çeşitlerinin tablolaştırıldığı ve bu tabloda her nihilizm türüne ait parametrelerin belirlendiği çalışmada, söz konusu parametreler, medya ve nihilizm kapsamında belirlenmiştir. Bu noktadan hareketle, medya ve nihilizm arasındaki bağlantının, başka bir deyişle, medyadaki nihilizmin ele alındığı çalışmada, medyadaki nihilizmin nasıl olduğu ortaya koymak çalışmanın problemini; medyada nihilizmin olup olmadığının tespit edilmesi ise çalışmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Bu bağlamda tüm medyayı temsil edebilmesi için gazete haberinden, televizyon haberinden, sosyal medya paylaşımlarından, televizyon gündüz kuşağı programlarından, dizi ve sinema filmlerinden birer örneklemin alındığı çalışmada, amaçsal örnekleme metodu kullanılmış olup, örnekler söylem analizi yöntemi kullanarak çözümlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda bütün medya metinlerinin nihilistik önermeler sunarak, izleyicileri de nihilizme doğru sürüklediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
3D Crustal Structure and Seismicity Characteristics of Changning–Xingwen Area in the Southwestern Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Zuo Kezhen , Zhao Cuiping , Zhang Haijiang
Published: August 2020

Using seismic data recorded on permanent and temporary stations around the Changning area in the Sichuan basin, the high-resolution 3D crustal VP, VS, VP/VS models and earthquake locations in the Changning–Xingwen area are obtained using the VP/VS model consistency-constrained double-difference seismic tomography method. The results show that crustal structures in the source area of the 2019 Ms 6.0 Changning earthquake have significant variations, especially in the depth of 0–7 km. Seismic activity in the Shuanghe and Yutan anticline areas before the Ms 6.0 Changning earthquake outlined several northeast-trending stripes, implying pre-existing small-scale faults that are perpendicular to the major northwest-striking faults in the Changning–Shuanghe anticline system. We found that the Ms 6.0 Changning earthquake broke through these pre-existing small-scale faults and extended from the Shuanghe to the Yutan anticlines. Both the rupture process and aftershock activity were influenced by the pre-existing small-scale faults. Most earthquakes within the Changning area are located in a slant zone that gradually deepens from the Shuanghe anticline on the east to the Yutan anticline on the west with the maximum depth from 5 to 10 km, which are associated with obvious high-VS and low-VP/VS features. The relocated seismic clusters in the Luochang–Jianwu syncline area have different strikes and dips, which are mainly located at the edge of low-velocity anomaly bodies and correspond to the low-VP/VS area.
Rastros e restos
Authors: Melendi Maria Angélica
Published: August 2020

La ficción proustiana es un ejemplo claro de narrativa pos-fotográfica, no sólo por sus imágenes detalladas y nítidas, sus closes cerrados, si no también por el uso repetido de metáforas y comparaciones con el fotógrafo o la fotografia. La intención de este trabajo es tratar de anatizar cómo la fotografia, una técnica relativamente nueva en el tiempo de Proust, es percibida por el autor a través dei habla de los personajes y dei propio narrador. En esta reflexión preténdese abordar algunos de los usos sociales de la fotografia en el final dei XIX: la fotografia como arte, la reproducción fotográfica de obras de arte, el retrato, la fotografia de paisajes, y el carácter espécifico de la imagen fotográfica como generadora de reminicencias.
3D-printed Bioreactors for In Vitro Modeling and Analysis
Authors: Priyadarshini Balasankar Meera , Dikshit Vishwesh , Zhang Yi
Published: August 2020

In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) printing has markedly enhanced the functionality of bioreactors by offering the capability of manufacturing intricate architectures, which changes the way of conducting in vitro biomodeling and bioanalysis. As 3D-printing technologies become increasingly mature, the architecture of 3D-printed bioreactors can be tailored to specific applications using different printing approaches to create an optimal environment for bioreactions. Multiple functional components have been combined into a single bioreactor fabricated by 3D-printing, and this fully functional integrated bioreactor outperforms traditional methods. Notably, several 3D-printed bioreactors systems have demonstrated improved performance in tissue engineering and drug screening due to their 3D cell culture microenvironment with precise spatial control and biological compatibility. Moreover, many microbial bioreactors have also been proposed to address the problems concerning pathogen detection, biofouling, and diagnosis of infectious diseases. This review offers a reasonably comprehensive review of 3D-printed bioreactors for in vitro biological applications. We compare the functions of bioreactors fabricated by various 3D-printing modalities and highlight the benefit of 3D-printed bioreactors compared to traditional methods.
Método alternativo de tinción ósea en peces juveniles empleando extracto de Bixa orellana
Authors: Moreno Guerra Yeferson Andrés , Mira López Tatiana María , Rodríguez Pulido José Ariel , Medina Robles Victor Mauricio
Published: August 2020

Actualmente el método de doble tinción empleado con rojo de alizarina y azul de alcian para tinción ósea y cartilaginosa, respectivamente, genera costos elevados en la realización de protocolos para estudios de anatomía y sistemática en vertebrados. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue comparar y analizar el colorante extraído de semillas de Bixa orellana con el rojo de alizarina en la tinción ósea en peces juveniles de Piaractus brachypomus. Se utilizaron 70 peces juveniles de 2 ± 0,4 cm de longitud total, los cuales fueron sedados utilizando 2 Fenoxi-etanol a concentración final de 500 mg/L y sacrificados en conformidad con las normas y procedimientos para el uso de animales de laboratorio. Posteriormente, se sometieron a una serie de fases para la conservación del tejido. Se distribuyeron 35 peces para cada tratamiento (rojo de alizarina y achiote) y se observaron e identificaron las estructuras óseas teñidas con cada uno de los colorantes. Además, se analizó la IE (intensidad de luz emergente) y DI (Densidad integral) en ejemplares diafanizados para cada tratamiento. No se observaron diferencias significativas para la IE (P = 0,10), a diferencia de la DI (p < 0,05) para columna vertebral y aleta dorsal. Concluimos que el colorante de Bixa orellana (achiote) presenta afinidad en estructuras óseas de peces juveniles y, por tanto, es una buena alternativa para la realización de la técnica de diafanización y estudios osteológicos de vertebrados a bajo costo.
The Heteropterans (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) of Andean lakes from Colombia
Authors: Padilla Gil Dora Nancy
Published: August 2020

The Nepomorpha and Gerromorpha heteropterans are highly diverse, mainly in Neotropical aquatic ecosystems; however, their composition in the lakes of the Tropical Andes is poorly known. This article presents the composition of aquatic and semiaquatic bugs and their geographical and altitudinal distribution in eight lentic ecosystems from the Cundinamarca department, Colombia. The similar aquatic heteropteran composition between these Andean lakes and its relationship with the geographical and altitudinal range from 1,585 to 3,700 m.a.s.l. in the Eastern Andes are also analyzed. To carry out this work, the collections and pertinent literature are reviewed, and biota similarity is compared by applying a upgma analysis. The results show the predominance of Nepomorpha with a total of 12 species, four genera, and two families: Corixidae (6), and Notonectidae (6). The second most common suborder is Gerromorpha with eight species, seven genera, and five families: Gerridae (3), Veliidae (2), Hebridae (1), Hydrometridae (1), and Mesoveliidae (1). The biota similarity is related to páramo ecosystems and forest type. This article is the first to consider aquatic and semiaquatic heteropterans as biota from the Andean and High Andean lakes in Colombia.
Inter-Ethnic Relations in Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, with Special Emphasis on Sokoru, Tiroo-Afata and Dedo Districts: 1900s-2007
Authors: Woyesa Deressa Debu , Tufa Tsegaye Zeleke , Woldemichael Jima Buruk
Published: August 2020

A careful investigation has been made on the pattern of the 20th century inter-ethnic relation in Jimma zone of the Oromia region focusing mainly on three of the districts: Sokoru, Tiroo Afataa and Dedo. The result proved that the inter-ethnic relation of the period under study was dominated largely by the harmonious relationship between Oromos of the region and basically those Omotic neighbors of Yam, Dawro, Konta and Kafa. The inter-ethnic relation with people of Yam dominated the two districts of Sokoru and Tiro Afaata and the good attitude of particularly the king, Aba Jifar II, towards the Yam people constituted the bedrock of this peaceful interaction and integration with the Mecha Oromo of the region. The inter-ethnic relation with people of Dawro, Konta and Kafa, on the other hand, dominated the district of Dedo, and the fruit of the cash crop transaction of the region attracted a large number of these people to the study area. In both of the three districts, the inter-ethnic relations resulted in the assimilation of the Omotic neighboring communities into the Cushitic culture of Oromo of the study area making the Omotic communities bilingual in their languages and practitioner of mainly the doctrine of Islam in their religion.
Comparison of Labetalol, Nitroglycerine and High Dose Propofol for Induced Hypotension in Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in Massive Nasal Polyposis: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Mireskandari Seyed Mohammad , Makarem Jalil , Saedi Babak , Jafarzadeh Afshin , Karvandian Kasra , Eftekhar Negar , Samadi Shahram , Majedi Hossein , Amali Amin , Toosi Roja , Naghavi Batool , Vosoughi Fardis
Published: August 2020

Background: Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the quality of the surgical field, amount of blood loss, and duration of surgery following induced hypotension with labetalol, nitroglycerin, and high dose propofol in patients undergoing FESS under general anesthesia.
Methods: One hundred and eight patients scheduled for FESS under general anesthesia were recruited in this randomized trial and were allocated to one of the three study groups: 1) Nitroglycerine (NTG) group: nitroglycerine with a dose of 2-5 μg/kg/min was administered; 2) Labetalol (LAB) group: an IV bolus dose of labetalol (20 mg) was injected at first and then IV infusion of labetalol at a rate of 1-2 mg/min; 3) High dose propofol plus normal saline (0.5-1 ml/min) group. Hemodynamic variables and the amount of bleeding were recorded intraoperatively and the surgeons' satisfaction was asked following each surgery considering the surgical field quality using a 5-item Likert scale.
Results: The average blood loss (ml) in patients in the LAB group was significantly less than patients in NTG and high dose propofol groups (127 ml vs 198 and 145 ml, respectively) (p- value=0.001) and the surgeons expressed greater satisfaction with the surgical field quality in the LAB group (p- value=0.001).
Conclusion: Labetalol infusion may be a safe and effective method for induction of controlled hypotension to provide a comparatively bloodless field. High dose propofol may be a second choice if labetalol is not available.
Determination of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Organisms Isolated from Endotracheal Tube Cultures of Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Khoshfetrat Masoum , Keykha Aliakbar , Sedaghatkia Morteza , Farahmandrad Reza , Behnampour Mohammad
Published: August 2020

Background: It is widely accepted that increased prevalence of antibiotic resistance of pathogens grown in the respiratory system in intensive care unit (ICU) patients is a very serious problem causing expansion of mortality. The most important strategy to prevent the occurrence and appropriate solution to control the antibiotic resistance is to thoroughly investigate the pattern of resistance in the studied ward. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of organisms isolated from endotracheal tube secretions of patients admitted to ICU of Khatam-Al-Anbia Hospital at Zahedan in Iran.
Methods: In the present retrospective and descriptive cross-sectional study, the medical records of patients hospitalized during 2013-2018 were included by census method and then selected based on inclusion criteria (n=1387). The required data, including age, gender, type of microorganism isolated from endotracheal tube cultures, antibiotic resistance and sensitivity, duration of intubation and cause of hospitalization, were recorded for each patient. Finally, the data were analyzed by descriptive statistics using SPSS 16 software.
Results: Mean age of patients was 44.66 ± 21.39 years and mean duration of intubation was 17.96 ± 10.99 days. Stroke was the most common cause of hospitalization with a prevalence of 553 patients (49%). The prevalence of positive culture of endotracheal tube secretions was 1128 (81.3%) of which 71.5% were male (n=807) and 28.5% were female (n=321). The cultures of endotracheal tube secretions resulted in 933 (82.7%) gram-negative bacteria, 191 (16.9%) grampositive bacteria and 4 (0.4%) mixed isolates. The most prevalent gram-negative bacterium was Acinetobacter baumannii (37.2%) with the highest and lowest antibiotic resistance to Meropenem (95.1% resistance) and colistin (99.5% sensitivity), respectively. In addition, the most prevalent gram-positive bacterium was Staphylococcus epidermidis (50.3%) with the highest and lowest antibiotic resistance to Meropenem (85.7% resistance) and Vancomycin (92.2% sensitivity).
Conclusion: The findings of the present study illustrate that there was widespread bacterial resistance to respiratory tract infections in our ICU patients. Due to the high sensitivity of gram-negative bacteria to colistin, the use of antibiotic combination with colistin in the control of pulmonary infections caused by these organisms can be a good choice. In addition, in the case of gram-positive bacteria, the highest sensitivity was to vancomycin; therefore, it can be the selective antibiotic to control infections caused by these bacteria.
Malfunction of an Anesthesia Machine with Decoupling Valve
Authors: Shahriari Ali , Rahmati Javad
Published: August 2020

The article's abstract is not available.
Cough during Thoracic Epidural Insertion: What to Do?
Authors: Adabala Vijay , Gupta Bhavna , Parameswaran Prabakaran , Tandon Shipra
Published: August 2020

The article's abstract is not available.
The effect of Weeks of Selected Corrective Exercises on the Improvement of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Workers A food Production factory workers
Authors: KHALAJI Hadi , YALFANI Ali , GANDOMI Farzaneh
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders are one of the common causes of occupational injuries and disability in developing countries, one of which is one of the 10 injuries that lead to absenteeism. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of selected corrective exercises on the improvement of musculoskeletal disorders and work satisfaction in a food factory worker in Hamadan.
 Method: In this quasi-experimental ،descriptive-analytical study, the statistical population was 180 people. 32 subjects were assigned to the experimental (n=16) and control (n=16) groups. the Nordic questionnaire was used to identify exposure to disorders, the VAS index was used to determine the severity of pain, and the Minnesota questionnaire was used to obtain work satisfaction. Frequency prevalence and independent and independent t-test were used to determine the effect of selected exercises on pain and work satisfaction.
Results: The study findings showed that musculoskeletal disorders in lumbar(58.25%), knee(47.57%), wrist(32.03%) and neck(31.03%) areas were the most prevalent. Are dedicated to themselves. In addition, the results of paired t-test indicated that after 8 weeks of selected corrective exercises, the level of pain in lumbar (P=0.001) and knee (P=0.001) again decreased significantly. In addition, work satisfaction increased significantly after this period (P=0.0001).
Conclusion: the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in food factory workers was in the lumbar, knee, wrist and neck areas, which should be corrected and ergonomic interventions.Too that the selected corrective exercises have a positive effect on reducing the pain of musculoskeletal disorders and increasing the work satisfaction of workers.
Evaluating the Performance of Kashan industry Occupational Health experts by Analytical Hierarchy Process in 2019
Authors: BAHRAMI Abbas , MEMARI NASHLJI Mohammad Hossein , RAHIMI Habibollah , GHORBANI POUR Reihaneh
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Since proper performance of occupational health experts working in industries can reduce accidents and occupational diseases, this study done for this purpose to evaluate the performance of  Kashan   industries occupational health experts to identify their weaknesses and strengths.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study done on all 60 occupational health experts in Kashan in 2019. The Ministry of Health checklist was used after applying the weight and calculating the incompatibility rate using AHP method. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software.
Results: Performance evaluation of occupational health experts with the checklist indicated that the best performance was related to the public activity item and the poorest performance to the occupational health item. The average score of total occupational health experts was 73.76. The results of linear regression analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between work experience, education and employment status with total  score of industrial health experts (P <0.05).
Conclusion: Due to this in this study have been evaluated and prioritized 48 sub- items the performance of kashan industries occupational health experts, So it is suggested that officials to consider in health interventions these priorities.
Risk assessment of workshops at Iran University of Science and Technology Using Fuzzy FMEA
Authors: GHOUSI Rouzbeh , RADMAN KIAN Amir Hossein , JANINASAB Mahdi
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Many safety accidents in various industries are caused by poor safety culture of employees. Therefore, safety training can play an essential role in reducing workplace accidents and any damage to students. According to the importance of university workshops, the purpose of this study was to identify and assess the safety and health risks of the foundry and machinery workshops of Iran University of Science and Technology.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at Iran University of Science and Technology in the 2018. After identifying risks, the Fuzzy Failure Modes and Effect Analysis (FMEA) technique was used to identify and assess the RPN number of risks which is calculated by multiplying of Severity x Occurrence x Detection and all risks were prioritized based on the calculated RPNs. Finally, corrective actions are presented to reduce injury risks.
Results: The RPN range of 10 potential hazards in the machinery workshop calculated from 5.8 to 230.3, and the RPN range of 19 potential hazards in the foundry workshop calculated from 1.3 to 665.3. The danger of " throwing lathe chuck wrench " with RPN=230/33 in machinery workshop and "melt throwing due to air retention in metal parts " with RPN=665/33 in foundry workshop received the top priorities.
Conclusion: Based on the calculated results, it is expected that the implementation of proposed corrective actions and the development of educational programs to promote students' safety culture can reduce the level of existing risks significantly.
Investigating Factors Related to Situational Awareness in Hospital Operative Surgery Rooms: A review study
Authors: GHORBANPOUR Alireza , ATARI Saber , BABAYI MESDARAGHI Yousef
Published: August 2020

Background: Awareness of the situation and condition of the patients is essential for medical personnel in order to avoid human errors. Various factors are associated with situational awareness in healthcare specialists, especially in surgical rooms. This review study examined the factors affecting the situational awareness of health staff.
Research Method: All articles over situational awareness in the operating room conducted in 2010 to 2018 were collected and studied. To this end, the following databases were investigated: Scopus, ProQuest, Google scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, SID, Iran medex, Magiran, Medlib, and Civilica. To search these databases, the following key-words were used separately and in combination with each other: "situational awareness”, “operating room","surgery","nurses","healthcare specialist","hospital staff".  Regarding the inclusion criteria, the articles which goals were matched with the criteria related to situational awareness in the operating room were selected.
Results: Finally, 6 papers entered the study according to the selection criteria. The available documentation from 2013 to 2018 were compared in terms of method and outcome.
Conclusion: The factors affecting situational awareness were education, sound factors, equipment, and individual characteristics. The effective factors that played an important role in the level of situational awareness of people who worked in the operating room were educating employees, using light music, using combined monitors, having physical movements during work, as well as using experienced staff in the operating rooms .
THE PERSPECTIVE OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT IN THE ERA OF INDUSTRY 4.0
Authors: Salimova Tatiana , Vatolkina Natalia , Makolov Vasily , Anikina Natalia
Published: August 2020

Purpose of the study: This study tried to examine the level of awareness and vision of prospects for the development of quality management and its corresponding systems in the era of transition to the technologies and principles of Industry 4.0 among quality management professionals of Russian companies.
Methodology: The study is based on the survey conducted in April - May 2019 among the expert community in the field of quality management. A total of 50 experts from Russian industrial and service companies participated in the survey. The survey was organized in accordance with the stages of 'the Deming Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle. The data analyzed by using the Spearman correlation to determine the relationship between the understanding of current priority and anticipation of future changes in quality management concepts, principles, and tools in the era of Industry 4.0.
Main Findings: The survey results show how innovative quality management methods can be applied practically with relevance to 4th industrial revolution technologies. The authors conclude that the changes in the core concepts of quality management are necessary for the Industry 4.0 era and offer a 4.0 quality definition through the revision of quality management principles.
Applications of the study: The finding of this study is useful for the development of a digital transformation strategy of the business companies by showing the correlation between quality management principles awareness and implementation of digital tools. The study shows the necessity to offer interdisciplinary training for quality management professional and IT specialists on the digital transformation of quality management.
Novelty/Originality of the study: The originality is in the design of the survey that covered issues that haven't been studied in correlation with each other before the influence of Industry 4.0 tools and key provisions on quality management and development strategy of the company. In the survey, the perception of new quality management principles was investigated for the first time.
Identifying the Characteristics and Competencies Executive Directors Need to Lead Human Service Organizations in Today’s Operating Environment: What Boards Need to Know for Succession Planning
Authors: Hunter Trevor , Decker-Pierce Barbara
Published: August 2020

Executive directors, senior managers, and board chairs of organizations operating in the nonprofit human service sector have different expectations regarding the characteristics and competencies needed for future organizational leaders. We asked current organizational leaders to describe the characteristics and competencies needed for a future executive director. The responses suggest that future leaders will need different skills than those of current leaders, that the most likely candidate pool for successors is not there, and that boards of directors are unaware of these realities in their (lack of) succession planning.
Fortification of Beer with Extracts of the Selected Czech Medicinal Herbs and Plants
Authors: Pluháčková Helena , Gregor Tomáš , Boško Rastislav , Běláková Sylvie , Svoboda Zdeněk , Benešová Karolína
Published: August 2020

This study investigated the possibilities of fortification of beer with various herbal extracts. The aim was to fortify beer with natural substances that have favourable effects on consumers´ health. The tested beers were enriched with ethanol extracts of medicinal herbs (ribwort plantain, small leaved linden, purple coneflower, chamomile, sage) so that the sensory characters of the supplemented herbal extract created only an accompanying perception and the malt and hop flavour of beer was preserved. In the enriched beers, the contents of the selected phenolic substances and important essential oils were determined and sensory evaluation was performed. The content of phenolic substances increased the most in beer with linden (42.46 mg/l) and plantain (37.5 mg/l) extracts, approximately four times compared to the original beer (8.11 mg/l). Beer with sage and chamomile extract achieved the best sensory assessment, with components of essential oils added in units of ng/l of beer.
New fine aroma varieties of hops (Humulus lupulus L.) Saaz Brilliant, Saaz Comfort, Saaz Shine and Mimosa
Authors: Nesvadba Vladimír , Charvátová Jitka
Published: August 2020

Four new aroma hop varieties – Saaz Brilliant, Saaz Comfort, Saaz Shine and Mimosa – were registered in the Czech Republic in 2019. All of the new hop varieties have significantly higher yields than the traditional Saaz aroma variety. Saaz Comfort has the significantly highest content of alpha acids (5.59%) whereas Mimosa has the significantly lowest content of alpha acids (1.90%). The Saaz Comfort and Saaz Brilliant varieties show a variability of alpha acid content below 20%. The other hop varieties, Saaz Shine and Mimosa, as well as Saaz, have a variability of alpha acid content above 25%. Mimosa has the significantly highest content of beta acids (6.07%). Mimosa shows the highest average cohumulone content (29.29% rel.) whereas Saaz Comfort has the lowest cohumulone content (18.04% rel.). Saaz Comfort and Saaz Shine have the highest average contents of hop essential oils (0.84% w. and 0.75% w., respectively). The Saaz, Saaz Shine and Saaz Brilliant varieties show the significantly highest farnesene contents (13.47% rel., 12.50% rel. and 12.38% rel., respectively), which are higher than those of Saaz Comfort and Mimosa.