bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evidence and modeling of turbulence bifurcation in L-mode confinement transitions on Alcator C-Mod
Authors: Cao N. M. , Rice J. E. , Diamond P. H. , White A. E. , Chilenski M. A. , Ennever P. C. , Hughes J. W. , Irby J. , Reinke M. L. , Rodriguez-Fernandez P. ,   Alcator C-Mod Team
Published: May 2020

Analysis and modeling of rotation reversal hysteresis experiments show that a single turbulent bifurcation is responsible for the Linear to Saturated Ohmic Confinement (LOC/SOC) transition and concomitant intrinsic rotation reversal on Alcator C-Mod. Plasmas on either side of the reversal exhibit different toroidal rotation profiles and therefore different turbulence characteristics despite the profiles of density and temperature, which are indistinguishable within measurement uncertainty. Elements of this bifurcation are also shown to persist for auxiliary heated L-modes. The deactivation of subdominant (in the linear growth rate and contribution to heat transport) ion temperature gradient and trapped electron mode instabilities is identified as the only possible change in turbulence within a reduced quasilinear transport model across the reversal, which is consistent with the measured profiles and inferred heat and particle fluxes. Experimental constraints on a possible change from strong to weak turbulence, outside the description of the quasilinear model, are also discussed. These results indicate an explanation for the LOC/SOC transition that provides a mechanism for the hysteresis through the dynamics of subdominant modes and changes in their relative populations and does not involve a change in the most linearly unstable ion-scale drift-wave instability.
Crystal topological waveguides allow for the visualization of nanophotonic light flow
Authors: Bandari Anashe
Published: May 2020

Understanding photon behavior in topological waveguides is an important step toward telecommunication applications.
Silicon carbide shows promise for repeaters in future long-distance quantum communications
Authors: Liebendorfer Adam
Published: May 2020

The material’s scalability and color centers makes it an attractive option for quantum nodes that combine quantum memories with photonic interfaces in semiconductors.
Charge-carrier mobility in hydrogen-terminated diamond field-effect transistors
Authors: Sasama Yosuke , Kageura Taisuke , Komatsu Katsuyoshi , Moriyama Satoshi , Inoue Jun-ichi , Imura Masataka , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Uchihashi Takashi , Takahide Yamaguchi
Published: May 2020

Diamond field-effect transistors (FETs) have potential applications in power electronics and high-output high-frequency amplifications. In such applications, high charge-carrier mobility is desirable for a reduced loss and high-speed operation. We recently fabricated diamond FETs with a hexagonal-boron-nitride gate dielectric and observed a high mobility above 300cm2V−1s−1. In this study, we identify the scattering mechanism that limits the mobility of our FETs through theoretical calculations. Our calculations reveal that dominant carrier scattering is caused by surface charged impurities with a density of ≈1×1012cm−2 and suggest that an increase in mobility over 1000cm2V−1s−1 is possible by reducing these impurities.
Response of a charged particle in contact with a chaotic thermostat to an oscillating electric field
Authors: Morales G. J.
Published: May 2020

A numerical investigation is made of the response of a thermalized charge in contact with a chaotic thermostat to an externally applied, oscillating electric field, with and without a confining magnetic field. This study is based on the recent theoretical development of a chaotic thermostat [G. J. Morales, Phys. Rev. E 99, 062218 (2019)] for which the static properties of a thermalized charge (spatial diffusion and mobilities) were previously established. It is found here that in the unmagnetized case, to extract significant power from the oscillating electric field requires that the oscillatory velocity be larger than the thermal velocity. The spatial diffusion caused by the self-consistent, chaotic fluctuations is shown to be reduced, and even suppressed, by the coherent oscillations. The frequency-dependent mobilities, including cyclotron resonance, are determined, and the nonlinear modifications produced by large electric fields are explored. The value of the mobilities and the modifications to the diffusion coefficient exhibit non-monotonic dependencies on the control parameters.
Photoelectrical reading in ZnO/Si NCs/p-Si resistive switching devices
Authors: López-Vidrier J. , Frieiro J. L. , Blázquez O. , Yazicioglu D. , Gutsch S. , González-Flores K. E. , Zacharias M. , Hernández S. , Garrido B.
Published: May 2020

The increasing need for efficient memories with integrated functionalities in a single device has led the electronics community to investigate and develop different materials for resistive switching (RS) applications. Among these materials, the well-known Si nanocrystals (NCs) have demonstrated to exhibit RS properties, which add to the wealth of phenomena that have been studied on this model material platform. In this work, we present ZnO/Si NCs/p-Si resistive switching devices whose resistance state can be electrically read at 0 V under the application of low-power monochromatic illumination. The presented effect is studied in terms of the inner structural processes and electronic physics of the device. In particular, the creation of conductive filaments through the Si NC multilayers induces a low-resistance path for photogenerated carriers to get extracted from the device, whereas in the pristine state charge extraction is strongly quenched due to the insulating nature of the NC-embedding SiO2 matrix. In addition, spectral inspection of the generated photocurrent allowed unveiling the role of Si NCs in the reported effect. Overall, the hereby shown results pave the way to obtain memories whose RS state can be read under low-power conditions.
Ballistic transport and quantum unfurling in molecular junctions via minimal representations of quantum master equations
Authors: Iv Michael , Peskin Uri
Published: May 2020

Quantum furling and unfurling are inelastic transitions between localized and delocalized electronic states. We predict scenarios where these processes govern charge transport through donor-bridge-acceptor molecular junctions. Like in the case of ballistic transport, the resulting currents are nearly independent of the molecular bridge length. However, currents involving quantum furling and unfurling processes can be controlled by the coupling to vibrations in the intra-molecular and the extra-molecular environment, which can be experimentally tuned. Our study is based on rate equations for exchange of energy (bosons) and particles (fermions) between the molecular bridge and its environment. An efficient algorithm is introduced for a compact representation of the relevant rate equations, which utilizes the redundancies in the rate matrix and the sparsity of the creation and annihilation operators in the molecular Fock space.
The unusual spin reorientation transition and exchange bias effect in Er0.6Dy0.4FeO3 single crystal
Authors: Li Jiangtao , Jiang Linwen , Chen Hongbing , Su Liangbi , Mishina E. D. , Sherstyuk N. E. , Barilo Sergei N. , Wu Anhua
Published: May 2020

In this work, the single crystal Er0.6Dy0.4FeO3 (EDFO) was grown using optical floating-zone method. The magnetic behaviors of single crystal EDFO at low temperatures were systematically investigated. With lowering temperatures, an unusual spin reorientation transition could be observed. The transition was reasonably speculated as Γ3 (Cx, Fy, Az) → Γ4 (Gx, Ay, Fz). Exchange bias effect could be found in the magnetization hysteresis loops, revealing the relationship of interaction between Fe3+ and R3+ (Dy3+ and Er3+) sublattices in EDFO single crystal. Additionally, when the magnetic field along the a-axis increased to 70 kOe, the magnetic phase transition took place at around 40 K, suggesting that an external field can trigger spin reorientation transition along a special axis. The features in single crystal EDFO have a significant potential in material physics and device application and provide insight into the magnetic structure and exchange bias for RFeO3 single crystals.
Creating thin magnetic layers at the surface of Sb2Te3 topological insulators using a low-energy chromium ion beam
Authors: Cortie David , Zhao Weiyao , Yue Zengji , Li Zhi , Bake Abuduliken , Marenych Olexandra , Pastuovic Zeljko , Nancarrow Mitchell , Zhang Zhaoming , Qi Dong-Chen , Evans Peter , Mitchell David R. G. , Wang Xiaolin
Published: May 2020

The surfaces of Sb2Te3 topological insulator crystals were implanted using a 40 keV chromium ion beam. To facilitate uniform doping, the Sb2Te3 was passivated with a thin TiO2 film before the implantation step. The resulting chemical structure was studied using atomic-resolution transmission electron microscopy. A fluence of 7 × 1015 ions/cm2 at 40 keV lead to amorphization of the Sb2Te3 surface, with chromium predominantly incorporated in the amorphous layer. Heating to 200 °C caused the amorphous region to recrystallize and led to the formation of a thin chromium-rich interfacial layer. Near-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy indicates a uniform valence state of Cr3+ throughout, with no evidence of metallic clustering. High-temperature superparamagnetic behavior was detected up to 300 K, with an increased magnetic moment below 50 K.
Analytic solutions of convolution equations on convex sets in the complex plane with an open obstacle on the boundary
Authors: Melikhov S. N. , Khanina L. V.
Published: May 2020

Conditions, including criteria, are established for the existence of a continuous linear right inverse to a surjective convolution operator in the space of germs of analytic functions on a convex subset of the complex plane which has a countable neighbourhood basis consisting of convex domains. These are stated in terms of the existence of special families of subharmonic functions and the boundary behaviour of convex conformal mappings related to the sets in question.

Bibliography: 50 titles.
Encodings of trajectories and invariant measures
Authors: Osipenko G. S.
Published: May 2020

We consider a discrete dynamical system on a compact manifold

generated by a homeomorphism

. Let

be a finite covering of

by closed cells. The symbolic image of a dynamical system is a directed graph

with vertices corresponding to cells in which vertices

and

are joined by an arc

if the image

intersects

. We show that the set of paths of the symbolic image converges to the set of trajectories of the system in the Tychonoff topology as the diameter of the covering tends to zero. For a cycle on

going through different vertices, a simple flow is by definition a uniform distribution on arcs of this cycle. We show that simple flows converge to ergodic measures in the weak topology as the diameter of the covering tends to zero.

Bibliography: 28 titles.
On the derived category of
Authors: Guseva L. A.
Published: May 2020

We construct a full exceptional collection of vector bundles in the bounded derived category of coherent sheaves on the Grassmannian

of isotropic 3-dimensional subspaces in a symplectic vector space of dimension 8.

Bibliography: 16 titles.
Cocompact lattices in locally pro-

-complete rank-2 Kac-Moody groups
Authors: Capdeboscq I. , Hristova K. , Rumynin D. A.
Published: May 2020

We initiate an investigation of lattices in a new class of locally compact groups: so-called locally pro-

-complete Kac-Moody groups. We discover that in rank 2 their cocompact lattices are particularly well- behaved: under mild assumptions, a cocompact lattice in this completion contains no elements of order

. This statement is still an open question for the Caprace-Rémy-Ronan completion. Using this, modulo results of Capdeboscq and Thomas, we classify edge-transitive cocompact lattices and describe a cocompact lattice of minimal covolume.

Bibliography: 22 titles.
Approximative properties of sets and continuous selections
Authors: Tsar’kov I. G.
Published: May 2020

Sets admitting a continuous selection of the operators of best and near-best approximation are studied. Michael’s classical continuous selection theorem is extended to the case of a lower semicontinuous metric projection in finite-dimensional spaces (with no a priori convexity conditions on its values). Sufficient conditions on the metric projection implying the solarity of the corresponding set are put forward in finite-dimensional polyhedral spaces. Available results for suns

are employed to establish the existence of continuous selections of the relative (with respect to

) Chebyshev near-centre map and of the sets of relative (with respect to

) near-Chebyshev points in certain classical spaces.

Bibliography: 30 titles.
First-order zero-one law for the uniform model of the random graph
Authors: Zhukovskii M. E. , Sveshnikov N. M.
Published: May 2020

The paper considers the Erdős-Rényi random graph in the uniform model

, where

is a sequence of nonnegative integers such that

for some

,

, and

. It is shown that

obeys the zero-one law for the first-order language if and only if either

, or

is irrational, or

and

is not a number of the form

,

.

Bibliography: 15 titles.
Topological classification of Hamiltonian systems on two-dimensional noncompact manifolds
Authors: Nikolaenko S. S.
Published: May 2020

We construct a complete topological invariant of foliations of finite type defined by smooth functions on two-dimensional noncompact orientable manifolds. In particular, we describe a complete topological classification of noncompact bifurcations of such foliations. We establish a natural one-to-one correspondence between the set of all such bifurcations and the set of oriented coloured graphs of a special form. As a consequence, we obtain the Liouville and trajectory classifications of Hamiltonian systems of finite type on noncompact two-dimensional manifolds.

Bibliography: 25 titles.
Effect of an intercalated research degree on general practice careers: a matched cohort study
Authors: Al-Busaidi Ibrahim Saleh
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTIONIntercalated degrees are one of the most focused undergraduate research training activities offered to medical students worldwide. The effect of intercalating on actual career choices has not been previously investigated.
AIMTo examine the effect of obtaining an intercalated research degree on choosing general practice as a career.
METHODSThis was a retrospective, matched cohort study of intercalating students at the University of Otago, New Zealand (1995–2008). Medical students who completed the intercalated Bachelor of Medical Sciences with Honours, BMedSc(Hons), degree were retrospectively identified. Gender- and graduation year-matched controls were identified from a publicly available graduate database in a 1:1 ratio. MEDLINE® and Google Scholar-indexed publications resulting from BMedSc(Hons) projects were determined using standardised search criteria. Speciality choice was obtained from online lists of registered doctors.
RESULTSOver the 14-year period, 99 (3.9%) students completed an intercalated degree with a publication rate of 36.4%. Of these, 42 (42.4%) were female and over two-thirds (68.7%) of projects were laboratory-based. The median follow-up period after graduation was 14 years (range 7.7–21.7 years). The congruence between students’ BMedSc(Hons) research subject area and clinical speciality was 9.1%. Sixteen (16.2%) intercalating students chose general practice as a career, whereas 83 (83.8%) chose 19 different hospital-based specialties. Compared to controls, students who completed an intercalated degree were significantly less likely to pursue a career in general practice (odds ratio 0.37; 95% confidence interval=0.18 – 0.77; P=0.007).
DISCUSSIONThe present study findings suggest that completing an intercalated degree is associated with lower odds of pursuing a career in general practice. Future research should explore reasons for this observation to help develop strategies to promote primary care and general practice careers among medical graduates, including those interested in research careers.
Hepsin enhances liver metabolism and inhibits adipocyte browning in mice
Authors: Li Shuo , Peng Jianhao , Wang Hao , Zhang Wei , Brown J. Mark , Zhou Yiqing , Wu Qingyu
Published: May 2020

Significance

Hepsin is a cell membrane-bound enzyme discovered in the human liver. To date, the function of hepsin in the body remains unclear. Here we show that hepsin increases glycogen and lipid production in the liver and lowers metabolic rates and adipose tissue browning in mice. This function is medicated by the activation of hepatocyte growth factor and downstream Met signaling in both hepatocytes and adipocytes. Hepsin-deficient mice are resistant to obesity, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia caused by a high-fat diet or leptin receptor deficiency. Our findings identify hepsin as a key regulator in the liver and energy metabolism, suggesting that hepsin may be a novel therapeutic target for obesity, dyslipidemia, and diabetes.
Behavioral and environmental contributions to drosophilid social networks
Authors: Jezovit Jacob A. , Rooke Rebecca , Schneider Jonathan , Levine Joel D.
Published: May 2020

Significance

Cultural norms, collective decisions, reproductive behavior, and pathogen transmission all emerge from interaction patterns within animal social groups. These patterns of interaction support group-level phenomena that can influence an individual’s fitness. Here, we analyze social interaction networks across 20 drosophilid species through the comparative method. This study represents an attempt to understand the evolutionary forces shaping social structure in flies. This study establishes an important framework for understanding the interplay between social groups, the ecological environment, and the evolutionary history of flies. This further sets the stage for uncovering common molecular mechanisms governing social behavior in flies, which may be conserved across other animals.
β-Arrestin2 is a critical component of the GPCR–eNOS signalosome
Authors: Liu Songling , Luttrell Louis M. , Premont Richard T. , Rockey Don C.
Published: May 2020

Endothelial cell nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS), the enzyme responsible for synthesis of NO in endothelial cells, is regulated by complex posttranslational mechanisms. Sinusoidal portal hypertension, a disorder characterized by liver sinusoidal endothelial cell (SEC) injury with resultant reduced eNOS activity and NO production within the liver, has been associated with defects in eNOS protein–protein interactions and posttranslational modifications. We and others have previously identified novel eNOS interactors, including G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) kinase interactor 1 (GIT1), which we found to play an unexpected stimulatory role in GPCR-mediated eNOS signaling. Here we report that β-arrestin 2 (β-Arr2), a canonical GPCR signaling partner, localizes in SECs with eNOS in a GIT1/eNOS/NO signaling module. Most importantly, we show that β-Arr2 stimulates eNOS activity, and that β-Arr2 expression is reduced and formation of the GIT1/eNOS/NO signaling module is interrupted during liver injury. In β-Arr2–deficient mice, bile duct ligation injury (BDL) led to significantly reduced eNOS activity and to a dramatic increase in portal hypertension compared to BDL in wild-type mice. Overexpression of β-Arr2 in injured or β-Arr2–deficient SECs rescued eNOS function by increasing eNOS complex formation and NO production. We also found that β-Arr2–mediated GIT1/eNOS complex formation is dependent on Erk1/2 and Src, two kinases known to interact with and be activated by β-Arr2 in response to GCPR activation. Our data emphasize that β-Arr2 is an integral component of the GIT1/eNOS/NO signaling pathway and have implications for the pathogenesis of sinusoidal portal hypertension.
Imaging lutein and zeaxanthin in the human retina with confocal resonance Raman microscopy
Authors: Li Binxing , George Evan W. , Rognon Gregory T. , Gorusupudi Aruna , Ranganathan Arunkumar , Chang Fu-Yen , Shi Linjia , Frederick Jeanne M. , Bernstein Paul S.
Published: May 2020

Significance

We have determined the spatial distribution of the macular pigment carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin in the human retina using confocal resonance Raman microscopy and found that zeaxanthin is highly concentrated in the fovea, while lutein is more diffusely spread across the macula at a relatively lower concentration. Our results imply that zeaxanthin may play a more important role than lutein in human macular health and disease, and they demonstrate the elegant ability of confocal resonance Raman imaging to probe the biochemistry and structure of the most important region of the human retina.
Patterns of sociocognitive stratification and perinatal risk in the child brain
Authors: Alnæs Dag , Kaufmann Tobias , Marquand Andre F. , Smith Stephen M. , Westlye Lars T.
Published: May 2020

The expanding behavioral repertoire of the developing brain during childhood and adolescence is shaped by complex brain–environment interactions and flavored by unique life experiences. The transition into young adulthood offers opportunities for adaptation and growth but also increased susceptibility to environmental perturbations, such as the characteristics of social relationships, family environment, quality of schools and activities, financial security, urbanization and pollution, drugs, cultural practices, and values, that all act in concert with our genetic architecture and biology. Our multivariate brain–behavior mapping in 7,577 children aged 9 to 11 y across 585 brain imaging phenotypes and 617 cognitive, behavioral, psychosocial, and socioeconomic measures revealed three population modes of brain covariation, which were robust as assessed by cross-validation and permutation testing, taking into account siblings and twins, identified using genetic data. The first mode revealed traces of perinatal complications, including preterm and twin birth, eclampsia and toxemia, shorter period of breastfeeding, and lower cognitive scores, with higher cortical thickness and lower cortical areas and volumes. The second mode reflected a pattern of sociocognitive stratification, linking lower cognitive ability and socioeconomic status to lower cortical thickness, area, and volumes. The third mode captured a pattern related to urbanicity, with particulate matter pollution (PM
25
) inversely related to home value, walkability, and population density, associated with diffusion properties of white matter tracts. These results underscore the importance of a multidimensional and interdisciplinary understanding, integrating social, psychological, and biological sciences, to map the constituents of healthy development and to identify factors that may precede maladjustment and mental illness.
The Origins of Dabestān: Mīrzā Ḥasan Rushdīyeh and the Quest for New Education
Authors: Zarrinnal Navid
Published: May 2020

Mīrzā Ḥasan Rushdīyeh (1860(?)–1944) was a lower-ranking Azeri-Iranian cleric, constitutionalist, and educational reformer who was a major pioneer of new (jadīd) primary schools in Iran. This article shows that in 1889 Rushdīyeh, through training he had received in Beirut, introduced new schools into Iran based on changed pedagogy and modern disciplines. It argues that although the schools drew fierce opposition from maktab custodians and certain Qajar courtiers, they gradually increased in authority until the Reza Shah state appropriated them, with some modifications, as normative schooling called the dabestān. In English and Persian scholarship, we lack a substantial history of Rushdīyeh’s new schools. Drawing on previously unexamined sources, including his Iran and Ottoman diaries, this article examines Rushdīyeh’s educational work in the broader intellectual and political history of the period.
The Allure of Untranslatability: Shafiʿi-Kadkani and (Not) Translating Persian Poetry
Authors: Fani Aria
Published: May 2020

How could one translate into any European language a Persian poem as culturally and aesthetically embedded as this hemistich by Hāfez:beh may sajjādeh rangin kon garat pir-e moghān guyad. This is the central question Mohammad-Rezā Shafiʿi-Kadkani addresses in his essay titled “On Poetic Untranslatability.” For Shafiʿi, translation is primarily a function of cultural—and not linguistic—affinity. Therefore, he argues that Hāfez’s poem is all but untranslatable in European languages given their fundamental cultural difference from Persian. This article critically engages Shafiʿi’s essay by outlining and analyzing the set of problematic assumptions embedded in its rubric of untranslatability. It places Shafiʿi’s view on translation in conversation with theorists of untranslatability in comparative literature and translation studies. Ultimately, it outlines why untranslatability is not a useful conceptual framework for the analysis of linguistic and cultural difference.
CRISPR-Cas12a–assisted PCR tagging of mammalian genes
Authors: Fueller Julia , Herbst Konrad , Meurer Matthias , Gubicza Krisztina , Kurtulmus Bahtiyar , Knopf Julia D. , Kirrmaier Daniel , Buchmuller Benjamin C. , Pereira Gislene , Lemberg Marius K. , Knop Michael
Published: May 2020

Here we describe a time-efficient strategy for endogenous C-terminal gene tagging in mammalian tissue culture cells. An online platform is used to design two long gene-specific oligonucleotides for PCR with generic template cassettes to create linear dsDNA donors, termed PCR cassettes. PCR cassettes encode the tag (e.g., GFP), a Cas12a CRISPR RNA for cleavage of the target locus, and short homology arms for directed integration via homologous recombination. The integrated tag is coupled to a generic terminator shielding the tagged gene from the co-inserted auxiliary sequences. Co-transfection of PCR cassettes with a Cas12a-encoding plasmid leads to robust endogenous expression of tagged genes, with tagging efficiency of up to 20% without selection, and up to 60% when selection markers are used. We used target-enrichment sequencing to investigate all potential sources of artifacts. Our work outlines a quick strategy particularly suitable for exploratory studies using endogenous expression of fluorescent protein–tagged genes.
On the incorporation of iron into hexagonal barium titanate: II. Magnetic moment, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and optical transmission
Authors: Langhammer H T , Walther T , Böttcher R , Ebbinghaus S G
Published: May 2020

Systematic measurements of the magnetic moment in dependence on temperature and magnetic field of hexagonal 6H-BaTiO3 + 0.04 BaO + x/2 Fe2O3 (0.005 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.05) ceramics were performed to study the influence of Fe ions on the magnetic properties. While the samples show Curie–Weiss paramagnetism for Fe concentrations ⩽1.0 mol%, antiferromagnetic interactions become manifest for 2.0 and 5.0 mol% iron. With increasing Fe content the antiferromagnetic interaction, which is assumed to be caused by a superexchange mechanism

F
e

T
i

(

1

)

3
+

−

O

O

(

2

)

2
−

−

F
e

T
i

(

2

)

3
+

, becomes stronger. At external magnetic fields smaller than 1 T a further, ferromagnetic interaction between Fe3+ ions is detected below 200 K. The interactions between Fe3+ ions in the samples with 2.0 and 5.0 mol% iron are also manifest in the EPR spectra by numerous lines with low intensity. Q-band EPR investigations of 5.0 mol% Fe doped single crystals confirm the existence of only one type of Fe3+–VO associates in the samples.
Plasma filaments in the scrape-off layer of Wendelstein 7-X
Authors: Killer Carsten , Shanahan Brendan , Grulke Olaf , Endler Michael , Hammond Kenneth , Rudischhauser Lukas
Published: May 2020

Plasma filaments have been observed by reciprocating electric probes in the Scrape-Off Layer (SOL) of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator. Comparison with target probes indicates that a filament observed in the W7-X SOL extends to the sheath. Two-dimensional simulations of seeded filaments exhibit good quantitative agreement with experimental measurements in filament velocity scalings, despite an assumption of constant field line curvature. Both experiment and simulation show a slow radial propagation of filaments, indicating that filaments are essentially bound to their flux surface and do not perform ballistic radial motion. In contrast, the poloidal propagation along flux surfaces is much faster than the radial motion.
Reduced Order Modeling of Large Power Grid Model with POD-DEIM
Authors: Singh Satyavir , Abid Bazaz Mohammad , Ahmad Nahvi Shahkar
Published: May 2020

This paper addresses the issue of computational complexity of a large power system network, specifically the swing dynamics problem. Swing equation is nonlinear model which required mathematical model to be solved for simulating the swing dynamics. It has been seen that numerical computation becomes intractable for such models. This issue can be solved with model order reduction. Dynamics of interest is represented by a minimum size aims to reduce the computational time and memory requirement. Proper Orthogonal Decomposition technique is most often used to reduce computational efforts. However, it does not reduce the size of the nonlinear function. The discrete empirical interpolation method was proposed for POD to overcome the large size of nonlinear function by providing its discrete computations. The POD-DEIM approach is experimented on power grid network model to show significant reduction in computational cost with high degree of accuracy.
Modelling and Controlling of Induction Heating Unit for Induction Cooking Application
Authors: Kumar Singh Shubham , Agarwal Anshul , Kanumuri Tirupathiraju , Roy Molay
Published: May 2020

A study on the control methodology of voltage source inverter (VSI) fed series resonant circuit for induction heating has been done in this work with the goal that converter can be worked at about unity power factor. In this work, phase locked loop (PLL) has been accustomed to bring the converter’s switching frequency near to the natural frequency of series coil and capacitor branch of induction heater. Using this control method, the effectiveness of induction heater can be improved and necessity of input power is turned out to be less when compare to the fixed frequency operation. This control technique gives reliable operation of voltage source inverter fed circuit for varying load. Controlled phase locked loop gives increment or decrement in resonance frequency corresponding to the phase difference in voltage and current of resonant circuit. The coil of the induction heater is utilized as load in the resonant circuit of inverter. This power control procedure enables the inverter to operate near to the natural frequency for controlling power at all level. In this work, ZVS (zero-voltage switching) and ZCS (zero-current switching) condition has been obtained, and the switching losses are minimized. Pulse density modulated (PDM) power control method has been simulated to control the output power of a half bridge VSI fed induction heater.
Intrusion detection systems: A Comparison of soft computing techniques
Authors: Chauhan Anamika , Sharma Kapil
Published: May 2020

With rapid emergence of Internet of Things paradigm, there is a continual increase in the devices that are able to connect and exchange information, over the internet. This reachability has a negative consequence in the form of increased vulnerability of these devices to a variety of cyber attacks. The most efficient and pre emptive tool for this is an intrusion detection system. Since the attacks and threats continue to evolve over time, so the IDS should be able to learn as well to cope with the attacks. In this paper we have presented a comparison of some Soft computing techniques that can be used in designing of IDSs that can efficiently classify, detect and prevent attacks.
Profit based Unit Commitment Problem solving using Hybrid CUCKOO- GWO Algorithm
Authors: Hooda Manisha , Awasthi Y K , Thakur Niharika , Siddiqui A S
Published: May 2020

This paper proposes a hybrid approach using cuckoo search ahead with GWO to resolve PBUCP for a restructured power market. Under this structure, the issues in profit are improved using objective functions such as maximize profit using revenue and the total cost of the system and system constraints such as power demand constraints, reserve constraints, generator, and reserve limits and a minimum up and downtimes are determined. Here, two types of test systems such as IEEE-30 bus and IEEE-75 bus system is utilized. After the determination of the above objective functions, a hybrid method called Cuckoo- GWO algorithm is used for optimization. The simulations are done to demonstrate the performance of the proposed technique. At last, the comparison of the proposed and existing algorithms is evaluated in terms of profit and total operating cost for IEEE 30 bus system of 6-units and IEEE 75 bus system of 15-units respectively.
Hybrid technology for the production of highly integrated multi-chip microcircuits: problems and solutions
Authors: Ershova N. Y. , Shtykov A. S. , Shegelman I. , Vasilev A. S. , Yartsev A. V.
Published: May 2020

Innovative technologies in the field of microelectronics provide technological transformation of the crystal and multichip microcircuit industry, combining various methods of crystal mounting and packaging processes. An increase in the integration of electronic circuits, an increase in the number of peripheral elements and, as a result, an increase in the energy consumption of the crystal, lead to a significant increase in the complexity of solving the problems of packaging when the case is converted into a complex electronic device.

Chip crystals, according to current technological standards, are produced by a small number of specialized companies owned by transnational corporations. At the same time, in a number of countries there are qualified personnel specializing in the design of integrated circuits. One of the trends in the Russian market of multifunctional miniature devices is import substitution. A patent information search was conducted to identify trends and directions in the development of technologies in the field of packaging integrated circuits. A detailed analysis of the problem of the production of multi-chip microcircuits, systems in a package combining various packaging processes is shown; ways to solve it are shown, including applied research aimed at creating a hybrid multi-chip packaging technology combining crystals installed in a single package and on a single substrate using various methods installation - Wire bond and Flip chip.
Semantic Segmentation of color images via Feature Extraction Techniques
Authors: Sandesh Kumar Cheruku , Kumar Sharma Vinod , Sharma Abhay , Kumar Yadav Ashwani , Praveen Kumar Archek
Published: May 2020

In this research semantic segmentation (SS) by deep neural network is used. Segmentation of contextual information with the use of patch-patch between the regions and background. The patch-patch context is done with the help of ANNs (Artificial Neural Networks) and Adaboost to identify the semantic correlation of adjacent patches. Efficient piece-wise training of deep model is then assigned to eschew continuous inference through background propagation. For Patch-background context capturing the network is designed with the help of multi-scale image input and slide Pyramid pooling for the efficient performance. In this model we have used both ANNs and Adaboost. The simulation results are verified in the semantic segmentation dataset like MATLAB contextual modeling. The proposed technique will gave better accuracy. The evaluation metrics of invented method has been done in terms pixel accuracy. The model achieves outperforming innovation than the other algorithms on semantic segmentation.
Congestion reduction under IPFC based deregulated electricity market using AKH algorithm
Authors: Thakur Niharika , Awasthi Y K , Siddiqui A S , Hooda Manisha
Published: May 2020

With the Deregulation in the electric utilities across the globe there have been major issues faced viz., transmission losses, cost of generation and emission, voltage stability limits and congestion cost that have to be considered for reducing the congestion in the lines and consequently in power systems under the restructured framework. For achieving the said objective, this paper presents the Adaptive Krill Herd (AKH) algorithm-based model in which a support value is determined for optimization of the given objective functions. The FACTS device used is IPFC for reducing the congestion in the identified lines optimally by determining the parameters “Congestion Detection Index and Index of Total Congestion Cost”. The projected AKH optimizer model is compared with the conventional models viz PSO, GA, ABC algorithm based on IEEE 30 and 57 bus systems.
Photo-Voltaic based Smart Irrigation Cart
Authors: Anand A. , Banshwar A. , Sharma N. K. , Sharma B. B. , Pathak M.
Published: May 2020

The need of energy is increasing dramatically in all sectors of life. The cost-effective solution be the answer for all our energy requirements. Renewable energy is the best possible solution to replace conventional energy sources, both in terms of cost and environmental issues. While considering Indian farming system, electricity is a source of problem behind fruitful irrigation of the land. PV based smart irrigation cart can the solution for electricity problems faced by Indian farming where there is no electricity. The proposed approach consists of PV powered water pump system installed on a mobile cart for irrigating the field. The present work is based on the concept of “pay for power” where an independent source of power will be developed and utilized by the farmers for their irrigation purpose. It will also reduce the dependency of the farmers on conventional electrical companies and further reduces the cost of farming.
Supporting mathematics learning in situational-referential phase with emergent modeling
Authors: Pratiwi W D , Susanti E , Araiku J
Published: May 2020

This study aims to describe learning activities that can stimulate student activity in learning in this case their activities in submitting arguments related to mathematics in two important phases, namely the situational and referential phases. Improvement at this stage will greatly help students progress in the next stage, namely the general stage and formal mathematics. If each activity in this phase can be categorized as good, then students will not experience problems in building a complete understanding of mathematics. The study specifically answer the question ”How can the student learn to build understanding about the problem in situational and referential phase?” The description on how emergent models are used in stimulating the progress of the movement from model of to model for is elaborated. The specific model used was the percentage bar as a tool to understand as well as to solve the design activities. The method of this study is design research, started with preparation phase in formulating and revising the Hypothetical Learning Trajectory, preliminary teaching, teaching experiment, and retrospective analysis, the study showed that the lesson using the percentage as a model can support students’ understanding about the situation of the problem, this finding need to be proved for the next two stages, general and formal phase.
Analyzing student’s character values in high order thingking skills problems
Authors: Hutami N R , Aisyah N , Santoso B , Kurniadi E
Published: May 2020

This research is a qualitative descriptive study that aims to find out how the character values of students in learning use HOTS questions with PBL models. Data collection methods used were observation, written tests, and interviews. The focus of this research is the value of the character of curiosity, hard work, thorough, and creative. The results showed that the dominant character values that emerged were curiosity and hard work, which was due to the lack of HOTS type questions making students often ask the teacher how to solve these problems. Then because of the dominant curiosity, students work on the problem with hard work. While the character values the dominant does not appear are thorough and creative characters, it happens because of the lack of student training in working on various math problems making students only focus on what has been taught in the classroom without developing their thinking.
Control and rationalism value in mathematics modelling
Authors: Efriani A , Aisyah N , Indaryanti
Published: May 2020

Learning Mathematical modelling is an important part of mathematics. However, it is difficult to apply in learning. This research is a descriptive study with the aim of studying the learning process of mathematical modelling using worksheets (LKS) based on control and rationalism values in Junior High School Number 13 Palembang. The research subjects consisted of 37 students of class VIII.2. Data collection techniques in this study consisted of observation. Observations were made to see student activities which are appearance of control and rationalism value during the learning process and student activities using worksheets. The results of the study were obtained from student activities based on indicators of control and rationalism value during learning process with an average of 78.375 which were categorized as good result. Besides that, we observe control and rationalism value on worksheet with average of 77.79 which were categorized as good result. All learning processes use modelling stages only at the second meeting the stages of understanding the problem do not arise because the problem used continues from the problem at the first meeting so that it does not result in the emergence of control value indicators in understanding the problem.
Learning design of planes using context culture traditional house Bengkulah
Authors: Oktarina D , Somakim  , Darmawijoyo  , Araiku J
Published: May 2020

In this case, the research that will be carried out aims to find out the cultural context of the bengkulah traditional house. The research subjects are students of SMP Negeri 1 Tanjung Lubuk. The method used in this research is the validation study design research method, alleged learning (Hypothetical Learning Trajectory). Through an interactive process including designing (Preliminary Design), (Teaching Experiment) and (Retrospective Analysis). Data collection is done through several things including making video recordings of class events and group work, collecting student work, giving preliminary and final tests, and interviewing students. So that it can show the process of implementing learning, that the use of the cultural context of the custom house can support students understanding material Rectangles and triangles.
Student’s response to realistic mathematics learning with the context of Palembang songket
Authors: Febriani K , Somakim  , Araiku J
Published: May 2020

This study aims to see students’ responses to mathematics learning with the context of Palembang songket motifs. The subjects of this study were Songket and 31 students from SMPN 9 Palembang. This research is a descriptive study. The instruments used are questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. The results show that students’ responses toward the learning of realistic mathematics using the Palembang songket context are positive, indicated by students’ satisfactory of 81.4%, activity of 88%, learning sophistication of 88.5%, and 75.6% of the students stated that the instruction was beneficial for mathematical modeling and awareness. Hence, it is suggested that the need for realistic mathematics learning using cultural contexts is carried out in the classroom to support students interpreting concepts and interpreting mathematics learning, and making learning mathematics more enjoyable.
Developing worksheet on mathematical modeling for financial literation using social arithmetics
Authors: Suendang T , Darmawijoyo
Published: May 2020

This study aims to: (1) Produce Student Worksheets on Financial Literacy based on valid and practical Mathematical Modeling subject of Social Arithmetic, and (2) Find out the potential effects on learning outcomes from the development of Student Worksheets Financial Literacy based on Mathematical Modeling the subject of Social Arithmetic. This type of research used is the Design Research Development Study type. The subjects of this study were eighth grade students of SMA Negeri 2 Tungkal Ilir. Data collection techniques are by walk through, documents, tests, questionnaires, and interviews. The results of this study are: (1) This research has produced a Student Literature Worksheet based on Mathematical Modeling based on valid and practical Social Arithmetic subjects. (2) Student Worksheets Mathematical Modeling-based Financial Literacy developed has a potential effect on learning outcomes.
Development of teaching materials arithmetic sequence and series based on android for problem based learning
Authors: Sari M S , Hapizah  , Susanti E , Scristia
Published: May 2020

This research aims to produce the teaching materials based on Android which is valid and practical in order to support the senior high school students in learning arithmetic sequence and series for problem based learning. The subjects of this research were the eleventh and twelfth grade students of Senior High School Number 1 Indralaya Utara. This research is kind of development research by adapting model development of ADDIE. The stages of the research conducted consist of analyze, design, and development. Data collection techniques which were used in this research were by walkthrough, observation and questionaire. The result of this research is teaching materials of arithmetic sequence and series based on Android for problem based learning are valid and practical. Said to be valid because based on the assessment of experts who stated that in terms of content, construct and language in teaching materials had met the valid criteria. Whereas, based on the results of the questionnaire and observation it was concluded that the students think that this teaching materials is interesting, easy to use, easy to understand, can improve enthusiasm for learning and can help to improve concepts understanding of students.
A new learning trajectory on the pyramid volume for secondary school
Authors: Fuadiah N F , Sawitri Z A
Published: May 2020

This research aims to design Learning Trajectory (LT) for pyramid volume learning. This LT was designed based on curriculum review on the volume of pyramid in secondary schools and study of learning obstacles based on didactic, ontogenic, and epistemological aspects identified through diagnostic tests, interviews with mathematics teachers, and analysis of lesson plan used by the teacher in learning then analyzed using Didactical Design Research. This study involved 27 8th grade students and one mathematics teacher. The results showed that the concept of Pythagoras and volume of cube with learning media support played an important role in the learning trajectory of the pyramid volume.