bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Individual Differences in the Structure of the Pterygopalatine Fossa of the Adult Skull
Authors: Prokof'ev A. S. , Makeeva E A. , Mitrokhina E. O.
Published: January 2025

The use of endoscopic microsurgical techniques in a number of surgical interventions on deep anatomical structures of the face requires detailed knowledge on the shape and individual variability of the size of the pterygopalatine fossa, containing vascular and nerve structures that provide blood supply and innervation of the upper face, including the pterygopalatine ganglion. The aim was to study individual differences in the shape and size of the pterygopalatine fossa of the adult human skull. Material and methods. The study included 62 archival series of anonymous CT scans (37 men and 25 women), performed with slice thickness of 0.5 mm. On axial and frontal scans, the X and Y coordinates were determined relative to the upper left corner of the scan of the opening of the greater palatine canal, which later serves as the zero point. On subsequent sections, a point with the coordinates of the opening of the greater palatine canal and the distance from this point to another point of interest along the X and Y axes were determined. The difference between the slice numbers multiplied by the thickness of the slice is the distance between two points along the Z axis. Based on the obtained coordinates, a 3- D image of the pterygopalatine fossa was constructed in the isometry system. On axial, frontal and sagittal scans, the width of the medial, anterior and posterior walls of the pterygopalatine fossa, its depth, height and other dimensions characterizing the relative location of the openings passing nerves were measured. The right and left sides of the scans, which had no pathology in this area, were examined. Results. It was stated that in the cavity of the pterygopalatine fossa, one should distinguish between the most bulk main (central) region, adjacent on the lateral side to the sphenopalatine foramen, and narrower regions which are directed downwards (vestibule of the greater palatine canal); backward (vestibule of the pterygoid canal); and laterally (vestibule of the pterygomaxillary fissure). New information has also been obtained characterizing the variability of the size of the pterygopalatine fossa. Conclusion. This study has been shown that the pterygopalatine fossa has a more complex shape than a narrow slit or pyramid, and the presence of the vestibule of the pterygoid canal in its cavity suggests a different position of the pterygoid ganglion in the pterygopalatine fossa and its external structure.
Quiet Quitting: Insights from Generation Z workers in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Hien Thi , Vu Minh Hong
Published: January 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the working behaviours of employees and employers, creating a serious and widely propagated through various platforms counter-productive behaviour: quiet quitting. Notably, Generation Z, the currently main workforce, are most influenced by social media platforms and most likely to engage in this phenomenon. This study applied the Conservation of Resources Theory, Social Exchange Theory, and Theory of Generations to propose a research model and use cross-sectional data from 1,018 participants analysed through SEM to examined factors influencing Vietnamese Generation Z employees’ quiet quitting intention. The findings revealed that work-life balance, affective organizational commitment, and perceived organizational support, through the mediating effect of job burnout, significantly influenced their' intention to quiet quit, while toxic workplace environment only have a direct effect. These results offer valuable insights for both employees and organizations, helping them recognize fundamental causes and how to effectively reduce quiet quitting intentions.
Optimal control method for flexible loads in thermally activated buildings
Authors: Yang Xiaochen , Wang Ruizhi , Zhang Zhenya , Wang Ping , Liu Dingzhou , Jiang Yixuan
Published: January 2025

As the penetration of renewable energy in the energy system continues to rise, the intermittency and stochasticity of energy supply have become increasingly significant, posing challenges to the dynamic coordination between energy supply and demand. Building thermal mass, with its inherent heat capacity, offers substantial energy storage potential, presenting a cost-effective alternative to traditional active energy storage methods. The activation and precise control of flexible energy from the building's thermal mass, has become a critical area of research. In this paper, based on a case floor-type thermally activated building system (TABS), the methods and constraints of simulating the energy flexibility potential on the demand side of the building were analyzed. By developing model predictive control (MPC) strategies, including white-box MPC, grey-box MPC, and black-box MPC, this study compared and assessed the control performance in terms of room temperature, accumulated energy cost, and the utilization efficiency of energy flexibility. Compared with the traditional rule-based control method, the MPCs showed better performance in room-temperature control, operation economics, and efficiency of flexible-load utilization, effectively saving energy costs by up to 20% and improving flexibility utilization by nearly 40%. Moreover, based on the performance comparison of the MPCs, white-box MPC performed optimally in terms of room-temperature control, while grey-box MPC was more effective in reducing energy costs and improving energy flexibility. The findings of this paper can provide theoretical insight for the efficient utilization of energy flexibility from building thermal mass and the selection of control methods.
Features of Nf-kb expression in the inner pyramidal layer of the motor cortex of rats with experimental type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Smirnov Alexey V. , Tyurenkov Ivan N. , Bisinbekova Aislu I. , Bakulin Dmitry A.
Published: January 2025

The aim of our study is to characterize the peculiarities of Nf-kb expression in the inner pyramidal layer of the motor cortex of the brain in experimental type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM 1). The study was performed on 5 groups of animals, each group included 10 female rats at 12 months of age. Immunohistochemical study of the inner pyramidal layer of the motor cortex revealed the following differences between the intact and untreated type 1 DM groups: in the untreated type 1 DM group, Nf-kb IRM expression was observed predominantly in the nuclei of damaged neurons in the form of clumps, while in the intact group – in the cytoplasm of intact perikaryons. In the intact group, IRM expression was detected in vertically located axons of neurons, while in the untreated type 1 DM group, no Nf-kb expression was detected in vertical segments. Specific changes were also observed in the pharmacorrection group: the pattern of immunohistochemical characterization of the aminalone, succicardium group was more in line with that of the intacta group. In the group of pharmacorrection with mefargin the picture was similar to the picture of type 1 DM without treatment.
Neural network based on correlation convolution of multi-target energy spectra of multiple docking: a new method of artificial intelligence in the search for pharmacologically active substances
Authors: Vasiliev Pavel M. , Perfiliev Maxim A. , Golubeva Arina V. , Kochetkov Andrey N.
Published: January 2025

22 biotargets relevant to the anxiolytic activity of chemical compounds have been identified. Multiple docking of known anxiolytic substances in 22 valid 3D models of relevant biotargets has been performed. The energy spectra of multiple docking of these compounds have been calculated for the entire volume of relevant target proteins. Correlation convolution of the energy spectra of multitarget multiple docking in 22 convolution variables has been performed. The one-way ANOVA method has shown high statistical significance of using the obtained convolution variables to estimate the integral multitarget affinity of ligands to a set of relevant biotargets. Neural network models of the dependence of the anxiolytic activity level of chemical compounds on the specified convolution variables have been formed. Very high statistical significance of the constructed neural network models has been shown. As a result, a new artificial intelligence method was developed for in silico search for pharmacologically active substances based on a convolution correlation neural network and energy spectra of multitarget multiple docking.
Fiches de reconnaissance pratique des arbres sur pied de la forêt guyanaise : Manil montagne
Authors: Thiel Jean
Published: January 2025

Pas de résumé
Plataformas digitais e alfabetização algorítmica
Authors: Baranauskas Maria Cecília Calani , Valente José Armando
Published: January 2025

Esta edição resulta do fluxo regular de submissões de trabalhos à revista e inclui dois artigos científicos, um relato de experiência e um resumo de dissertação. As contribuições deste volume foram escritas por autores atuantes na comunidade brasileira de informática na educação, originários de instituições de ensino e pesquisa públicos, de três diferentes regiões da federação (N, NE e S). Os trabalhos envolvem aspectos relevantes da Informática na Educação, situados em vários níveis de educação (da educação básica ao ensino superior), todos conduzidos em espaços educativos formais. As contribuições deste volume para o espaço de discussão da revista foram escritas por dez autores afiliados a quatro universidades IFAP e UFAM da região Norte, UFBA do Nordeste e UFRGS do Sul. O que une esses trabalhos são aspectos envolvendo o ensino de Ciências via diferentes plataformas (Artigo de Lima e Alves e Artigo de Ceratti e Nóbile), o uso da gamificação (Relato de Ribeiro et al. e Resumo de Souza e Dias), a preocupação com o acesso inclusivo (ex. Relato de Relato de Ribeiro et al.) e democrático (ex. Resumo de Souza e Dias). Subjacente a todas as quatro contribuições está o pensamento algorítmico (em suas várias denominações) que, ou são parte constituinte dos trabalhos, ou são elementos que se interpõem ao acesso à tecnologia e à informação. A palavra “algoritmo” já não está mais limitada aos campi universitários; é comum ouvir a palavra em convites nas mídias tradicionais (rádio, tv), e em plataformas digitais de redes sociais: vamos dar um joinha pra treinar os algoritmos? Somemos a essas duas expressões a “inteligência artificial” (IA). Em particular a IA já foi tema em números recentes desta revista (v. 10, n. 2, 2023 e v.9 n.2, 2022); vamos então nos debruçar sobre algoritmos, pensamento algorítmico, e sua relação com plataformas digitais, que embutem também a questão da agência (processamento algorítmico) por artefatos não humanos (a “IA” ou algoritmos de IA).
Degradation rate and weight loss analysis for freeze-dried, decellularized, and deproteinized bovine bone scaffolds
Authors: Vidarta Ramadhan Pramudya , Kamadjaja David Buntoro , Danudiningrat Coen Pramono , Amir Muhammad Subhan , Rizqiawan Andra , Yuliati Anita , Darwis Darmawan
Published: January 2025

Background: Mandibular defects, often caused by trauma, tumors, infections, and congenital issues, are commonly treated with bone grafts. Tissue engineering plays a crucial role in bone reconstruction, with scaffolds such as deproteinized bovine bone matrix (DBBM), freeze-dried bovine bone (FDBB), and decellularized FDBB (Dc-FDBB) being studied for their efficacy. Decellularization reduces the antigenic potential of FDBB. These scaffolds are designed to degrade within the body. Purpose: To analyze the weight loss and degradation rates of FDBB and Dc-FDBB materials, using DBBM as a control. Methods: This in vitro experimental study, conducted over 2 months, employed a cross-sectional approach to analyze the weight loss and degradation rates of FDBB, Dc-FDBB, and DBBM scaffolds in a simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. Results: Under dynamic immersion conditions, DBBM exhibited the highest daily weight loss at 0.741% and a degradation rate of 0.466 mg/cm²/day, followed by Dc-FDBB at 0.568% and 0.418 mg/cm²/day and FDBB at 0.525% and 0.385 mg/cm²/day. Under static immersion conditions, DBBM also showed the highest weight loss at 0.255%, with a degradation rate of 0.165 mg/cm²/day, followed by Dc-FDBB at 0.245% and 0.163 mg/cm²/day, and FDBB at 0.168% with a degradation rate of 0.126 mg/cm²/day. Significant differences were observed between scaffold groups (p = 0.000). Conclusion: DBBM, Dc-FDBB, and FDBB scaffolds meet the optimal requirements for tissue engineering materials based on their weight loss and degradation rates. DBBM demonstrated the highest values among the scaffolds analyzed.
An intraoral approach to minimize morbidity in a pediatric trauma case
Authors: Baskara Bima , Bernardo Lucas Pedro , Rahajoe Poerwati Soetji , Sejati Bramasto Purbo , Haryosuwandito Erdananda
Published: January 2025

Background: Maxillofacial fractures are rare in children. The treatment of fractures in children differs from that of adults due to the growth process of the jaw and dental development. The intraoral approach does not result in facial scars or nerve injury. Furthermore, it allows direct visualization of occlusion confirmation during the plate placement. Purpose: This case report describes a pediatric comminuted mandibular fracture that underwent open reduction with an intraoral approach. Case: A 13-year-old boy with a mandibular fracture was referred by the neurosurgery department. Clinical examination found a hematoma in the left submental region and discontinuity of the mandibular symphysis without a wound in the extraoral region. Coleman's sign and a vertical step between teeth 41 and 31 and teeth 33 and 34 with anterior open bite were found intraorally. A CT scan disclosed more than two fracture lines that involved the mandibular symphysis and a basal triangle fracture. The patient was diagnosed with a symphysis mandibular comminuted fracture with open bite malocclusion. Case management: Open reduction and reconstruction plate placement with an intraoral approach was performed under general anesthesia. The patient had no complaints during the two-month evaluation, and the plate was planned for removal in the third month postoperatively. Conclusion: In this case, open reduction with an intraoral approach was able to restore bone architecture without functional or aesthetic complications. This may be because the patient could be treated like an adult, as he had almost reached skeletal maturity due to his age. However, periodic observation is necessary to evaluate jaw growth.
Pharmacological and low-level laser therapy in radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Wicaksono Imme Kris , Hapid M. Hasan , Dewi Tenny Setiani , Sufiawati Irna , Kusumadjati Adji
Published: January 2025

Background: Oral mucositis (OM) is common in people undergoing radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of both. Pharmacological and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) are potential treatments to reduce pain and accelerate the healing process. Purpose: The aim of this case report is to describe the effectiveness of combining pharmacological therapy and LLLT for OM. Case: A 54-year-old man with post-hemi glossectomy diagnosed with tongue cancer was referred from the radio-oncology department with complaints of painful sores all over the oral cavity after receiving radiotherapy. The canker sores worsened when eating but felt more comfortable when drinking cold water. Intraoral examination revealed erythematous lesions accompanied by fibrinous pseudomembranes and yellowish-white plaques, which could be scraped off, leaving erythematous areas with pain. These lesions were present on the upper and lower labial mucosa and the right and left buccal mucosa. The diagnosis was grade-3 OM, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Case management: Pharmacological therapy included 0.025% hyaluronic acid gargles three times a day and the use of LLLT with a wavelength of 976 nm. Conclusion: The combination of pharmacological therapy with LLLT was effective in maintaining and improving the condition of the oral mucosa by reducing pain and ultimately improving the patient’s quality of life.
A novel real-time intelligent detector for monitoring UAVs in live-line operation on 10 kV distribution networks
Authors: Duan Haibo , Shi Fanrong , Gao Bo , Zhou Yingyue , Cui Qiushi
Published: January 2025

The live-line operation of 10 kV distribution networks is critical for ensuring uninterrupted and high-quality power supply. However, operational sites face challenges such as insufficient intelligent monitoring and suboptimal realtime performance. To address these issues, this study proposes the FEM-YOLOv8 algorithm, specifically designed for protective equipment detection in live-line operation scenarios. The proposed algorithm is deployed on edge devices compatible with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), enabling remote, autonomous, and intelligent monitoring. Key improvements include the introduction of an enhanced FAST-C2f module, replacing the original C2f module in the Backbone to improve feature extraction efficiency while reducing model complexity. Additionally, a lightweight efficient channel attention (ECA) mechanism is incorporated into the Backbone and Neck to enhance target feature detection and representation capabilities. The bounding box regression loss function is replaced with metric preserving distance intersection over union (MPDIoU) to further boost detection accuracy and robustness. The FEM-YOLOv8 model is implemented on the Atlas 200I DK A2 edge device, which is suitable for UAV deployment. Experimental results demonstrate that the improved FEM-YOLOv8 model achieves 93.1% precision (P), 85.9% recall (R), and 92.3% mean average precision (mAP), surpassing the baseline model by 2.8, 3.2, and 2.2 percentage points, respectively. With a detection speed of 83 frames per second (FPS) and a power consumption of only 10.2 W, the model satisfies real-time performance and detection accuracy requirements, providing significant contributions to grid intelligence and power operation safety.
Exploring the regulatory impact of insulin on type I collagen synthesis in hepatic stellate cells through α5β1 integrin
Authors: Weiskirchen Ralf
Published: January 2025

In the present study by Dodig and colleagues, published in Metabolism and Target Organ Damage , the authors investigate the role of insulin in promoting type I collagen synthesis in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) through α5β1 integrin signaling. Using L-SACC1 transgenic mice, which exhibit hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance without fasting hyperglycemia, the researchers demonstrate that elevated insulin levels significantly increase type I collagen production in HSCs. This effect is mediated by α5β1 integrin signaling rather than the PI3 kinase pathway. These findings suggest that chronic hyperinsulinemia may preprogram HSCs for enhanced fibrogenesis following liver injury, contributing to advanced fibrosis associated with metabolic disorders such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatosis liver disease (MASLD) and type 2 diabetes. It further suggests that chronic hyperinsulinemia increases the risk of significant fibrosis burden in chronic liver disease. In this commentary, the strengths and limitations of this study are discussed, along with the potential impact of these findings on current treatment strategies for insulin resistance, endogenous hyperinsulinemia, and exogenous hyperinsulinemia in the development of MASLD and disease progression to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA ASAM-BASA BERBASIS MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) BERKONTEKS LAHAN BASAH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN LITERASI SAINS
Authors: Saputra Muhammad Nanang , Kusasi Muhammad , Winarti Atiek
Published: January 2025

Abstrak. Pengembangan e-modul kimia asam basa berbasis model Problem based learning (PBL) berkonteks lahan basah ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan literasi sains siswa di SMA PGRI 6 Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan dari e-modul yang dikembangkan. Desain pengembangan pada penelitian ini menggunakan desain R&D dengan model 4D (Defind, Design, Develop, Desseminate). Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI MIPA 1 SMA PGRI 6 Banjarmasin sebanyak 22 orang siswa pada uji coba perorangan, uji coba kelompok kecil dan uji coba keseluruhan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui angket dan tes. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik persentase yang mana hasil analisis validitas menunjukkan e-modul yang dikembangkan sangat valid dengan skor 97,91%. Hasil analisis kepraktisan pada uji coba perorangan, uji coba kelompok kecil, dan uji coba terbatas menujukkan e-modul yang dikembangkan sangat praktis dengan skor 3,75. Pada analisis keefektifan uji coba terbatas menunjukkan e-modul yang dikembangkan efektif dengan N-gain dikategori tinggi dengan skor rata-rata 0,73. Hasil analisis penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa e-modul pembelajaran kimia asam basa bebasis model Problem Based Lerarning (PBL) layak digunakan sebagai bahan ajar dalam pembelajaran.
 
Kata kunci : E-modul, Problem Based Learning, literasi sains, lahan basah, asam basa.
The VALIDITAS PERANGKAT MODEL SCIENTIFIC CRITICAL THINKING MATERI LARUTAN ELEKTROLIT DAN NONELEKTROLIT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH DAN SELF EFFICACY PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Pratiwi Asia Putri , Rusmansyah Rusmansyah , Almubarak Almubarak
Published: January 2025

Salah satu permasalahan pembelajaran kimia yaitu peserta didik cenderung kesulitan menganalisis fakta dan konsep, serta hanya menerima pembelajaran tanpa adanya timbal balik dikarenakan pendidik menggunakan metode konvensional sehingga proses pembelajaran kurang menyenangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran serta mengetahui hasil uji coba terbatas pada pembelajaran menggunakan model Scientific Critical Thinking terhadap materi larutan elektrolit dan nonelektrolit. Penelitian ini mengacu pada model Thianarajan yang dikenal dengan model 4-D dan dimodifikasi menjadi 3-D dengan tahap define, design, dan develop, karena penelitian ini dilakukan hanya untuk menghasilkan produk prototype serta keterbatasan waktu penelitian sehingga tahap keempat yaitu penyebaran atau disseminate tidak digunakan. Perangkat instrumen yang dikembangkan terdiri atas silabus, RPP, LKPD, soal tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah, angket self-efficacy, angket respon peserta didik dan modul ajar. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknis tes dan nontes yang dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa rata-rata validasi perangkat instrumen berdasarkan skala Aiken’s V berturut-turut ialah (0,83) (0,87), (0,86), (0,84), (0,845), (0.875), (0.86). Hasil uji coba terbatas peserta didik menunjukan rata-rata hasil pre-test dan post-test kemampuan pemecahan masalah ialah 48,78 (cukup kritis) dan 83,53 (sangat kritis), rata-rata pre-test dan post-test self-efficacy ialah 44,689 (tidak baik) dan 82,178 (baik), dan rata-rata respon peserta didik ialah 42,067 (sangat setuju).
PENGGUNAAN LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (LMS) MOODLE DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA (SEBUAH STUDI LITERATUR)
Authors: Rahmah Siti , Mariyam Dewi , Syafina Khairi , Lestari Dewi , Analita Rizki Nur
Published: January 2025

Studi ini menyajikan tinjauan literatur mengenai efektivitas Moodle sebagai platform pembelajaran daring khususnya pembelajaran kimia di Indonesia, dengan tujuan mengevaluasi dampaknya terhadap minat, motivasi, dan hasil belajar peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis literatur dari berbagai sumber yang relevan untuk mengidentifikasi fitur-fitur utama Moodle, seperti User Management dan Course Management, serta bagaimana fitur-fitur ini mendukung aktivitas pembelajaran yang interaktif. Latar belakang penelitian ini didasarkan pada meningkatnya kebutuhan akan platform pembelajaran daring yang efektif di tengah pandemi, yang memaksa proses belajar mengajar dilakukan dari rumah. Manfaat dari penggunaan Moodle termasuk peningkatan kualitas belajar, fleksibilitas akses, dan efisiensi dalam pengelolaan kursus. Studi ini juga menemukan bahwa penerapan Moodle dalam pembelajaran kimia dapat meningkatkan pemahaman materi melalui fitur "Courses" yang disesuaikan dan E-modul interaktif. Namun, tantangan seperti kompleksitas penggunaan, masalah koneksi internet, dan kebutuhan akan penjelasan ulang dari pendidik perlu mendapat perhatian lebih lanjut untuk memaksimalkan efektivitas platform ini.
Strategies for Community Empowerment in Utilizing the Economic and Ecological Functions of Sustainable Mangrove Ecosystems in Jeneponto District, South Sulawesi
Authors: Handayani Fitri , Arfan Amal , Sideng Uca
Published: January 2025

Mangrove forests in Balang Baru Village, Tarowang District have great potential for sustainable utilization of the economic and ecological functions of the mangrove ecosystem. Various potentials of the mangrove ecosystem in Balang Baru Village, Tarowang District include providing ecosystem services in the form of fish and other biota and multiple types of species that have economic value. Another potential of the mangrove ecosystem in Balang Baru Village, Tarowang District is its utilization as a nature-based tourism area. These various potentials can contribute to the welfare of local communities if they are utilized and managed sustainably. This study aims to analyze the potential area of mangrove forests, economic and ecological function services of mangrove ecosystems, perceptions and levels of community participation in mangrove ecosystem services, and create community empowerment strategies in utilizing of economic and ecological functions of mangrove forests. Data analysis of mangrove forest potential area by interpreting of LandSat 8 Satellite Imagery. Mangrove ecosystem benefits are calculated through economic valuation. Perception and level of community participation using Likert scale and tabulated in a frequency table. Data from in-depth interviews, FGDs, mangrove forest potential, perceptions, and levels of community participation were analyzed using SWOT. Determination of community empowerment strategies in utilizing the economic and ecological functions of the mangrove ecosystem is carried out by determining internal and external factors, compiling a SWOT matrix, then calculating the IFAS and EFAS matrices, and determining the location of the SWOT quadrant. The area of mangrove forest in Jeneponto Regency is 158.14 hectares. The total economic value of mangrove forests is Rp. 17,970,053,940/year or Rp. 1,046,596,036.113/ha/year. Community perceptions of mangrove ecosystem functions are influenced by the level of knowledge and education of the community. Local communities are involved in the utilization and management of mangroves. Priority strategies are developing the potential of sustainable and economically valuable mangrove forest resources, improving information, facilities and infrastructure that can support community empowerment activities, increasing promotion of ecotourism through online media, implementing conservation area policies and utilizing mangrove ecosystems, and increasing planting activities by involving various parties.
Densitas Hama dan Intensitas Kerusakan Tanaman Muda Di Areal Restorasi Stasiun Penelitian Rawa Bunder
Authors: Fitaunnisa Tsaniya Rifqi , Asmarahman Ceng , Indriyanto Indriyanto
Published: January 2025

Taman Nasional Way Kambas merupakan kawasan konservasi yang memiliki ekosistem hutan dataran rendah. Salah satu penutupan lahan Taman Nasional Way Kambas yaitu padang ilalang yang banyak ditumbuhi oleh alang-alang pada lahan kritis. Pihak pengelola Taman Nasional Way Kambas melakukan upaya pemulihan ekosistem di lahan kritis untuk mengembalikan fungsi ekosistem alami yang telah rusak. Pihak pengelola melakukan penanaman dengan memperhatikan pertumbuhan tanaman mulai dari pemilihan bibit, penanaman bibit hingga bibit menjadi tanaman muda. Tanaman muda yang terdapat di Plot Tradisional terserang oleh hama yang dapat menimbulkan berbagai masalah pada tanaman. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian kepadatan dan intensitas kerusakan tanaman muda yang terserang hama. Metode penelitian menggunakan sistematik sampling untuk menentukan pengambilan sampel, peletakan plot dilakukan secara sistematik sebanyak 25 plot sampel. Pengamatan dilakukan secara visual pada plot sampel, kemudian mengidentifikasi jenis hama serta menghitung kepadatan dan intensitas serangan hama. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan ditemukan jenis-jenis hama seperti, ulat jengkal, ulat bulu, wereng batang coklat, ulat kantong, kepik, belalang, walang sangit dan kutu putih. Kepadatan hama tertinggi yaitu ulat jengkal (0,0007 individu/1000m²) dan kepadatan hama terendah adalah ulat kantong (0,0001 individu/1000m²). Intensitas kerusakan nisbi pada daun yang tertinggi yaitu pada tanaman puspa sebesar (37%). Beberapa jenis tanaman muda yang memiliki intensitas kerusakan mutlak mencapai 100% yaitu rengas, rukem, waru gombong, kemang, jambon, dan bungur. Hal yang perlu dilakukan oleh pihak pengelola Taman Nasional Way Kambas yaitu dengan menyusun strategi pengendalian hama pada Plot Tradisional
ANALISIS KEGUNAAN TUMBUHAN HERBA DI AREAL REKLAMASI PT ADARO INDONESIA KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Rukmawati Rukmawati , Asy'ari Mufidah , Rianawati Fonny
Published: January 2025

Herbaceous plants are plants whose stems are not hard and woody. Herbs usually have soft stems and can live in wet places where other animals will not interfere with their growth. Herbs grow well under trees and in a variety of soil types and weather conditions. Herbaceous plants can also indicate how healthy the soil is. The purpose of this study is to Inventory understory plant species in the Reclamation Area of PT Adaro Indonesia South Kalimantan and Identify the use of understory plant species, especially herbs in the Reclamation Area of PT Adaro Indonesia South Kalimantan. The method used is using the literature study method. From the results of the study also obtained the type of utilization of the use of lower plants, especially herbs, the largest is for pharmacological use (78.4%), then followed by use as food (14.9%), animal feed (9.5%), ornamental plants / cover crop (9.5%), insecticides (8.1%), fertilizers (5.4%), crafts (2.7%), dyes (2.7%), cosmetics (5.4%), and other purposes (5.4%). Herba biasanya memiliki batang lunak dan dapat hidup di tempat basah di mana hewan lain tidak akan mengganggu pertumbuhannya. Herba tumbuh dengan baik di bawah pohon dan di berbagai jenis tanah dan kondisi cuaca. Tumbuhan herba juga dapat menunjukkan seberapa sehat tanah ditempat itu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu Menginventarisasi spesies tumbuhan bawah di Areal Reklamasi PT Adaro Indonesia Kalimantan Selatan serta Mengidentifikasi penggunaan spesies tumbuhan bawah terutama herba yang ada di Areal Reklamasi PT Adaro Indonesia Kalimantan Selatan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan metode studi pustaka. Dari hasil penelitian juga didapatkan Jenis pemanfaatan penggunaan tumbuhan bawah terutama herba terbesar adalah untuk penggunaan farmakologis (78.4%), kemudian disusul untuk penggunaan sebagai pangan (14.9%), pakan ternak (9.5%), tanaman hias/cover crop (9.5%), insektisida (8.1%), pupuk (5.4%), kerajinan (2.7%), pewarna (2.7%), kosmetik (5.4%), dan keperluan lain (5.4%).
Analisis Vegetasi Hutan Mangrove di Taman Wisata Alam Pulau Burung Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu
Authors: Dewi Aita Nasya Agna , Naemah Dina , Basir Basir
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT. Mangrove forest are coastal or estuarine forest that are influenced by the tidal movements of the combination of river and sea water, inundated at high tide and free from inundation at low tide, and whose communities are salt-tolerant. This study aims to analyze the existing vegetation types using Index of Important Value (INP) and calculating the species diversity index in the rehabilitation block. The metode used in this study is a systematic plot line with the determination of the starting point by purposive sampling. The length of the observation path is 100 m with an observation plot size of 20 × 20 m including the growth stage of seedlings, saplings, poles, and trees. The result obtained from this study state that the dominant species in both research blocks are bakau laki (Rhizophora apiculata), bakau bini (Rhizophora mucronata) and api-api (Avicennia marina) with a value of H’ > 3 which is categorized that the diversity of species is abundant.Keywords: Vegetation analysist; MangroveABSTRAK. Hutan mangrove adalah hutan pantai atau estuaria yang dipengaruhi oleh pergerakan pasang surut kombinasi air dan laut, tergenang pada saat air pasang dan bebas dari genangan pada saat air surut, dan komunitasnya toleran terhadap garam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis jenis vegetasi yang ada dengan menggunakan INP dan menghitung indeks keanekaragaman jenis pada blok rehabilitasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode jalur berpetak sistematis dengan penentuan titik awal secara purposive sampling. Panjang jalur pengamatan adalah 100 m dengan ukuran petak pengamatan 20 m × 20 m yang meliputi tingkat pertumbuhan semai, pancang, tiang dan pohon. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa jenis yang mendominasi pada blok penelitian adalah bakau laki (Rhizophora apiculata), bakau bini (Rhizophora mucronata), dan api-api (Avicennia marina) dengan nilai H’ > 3 yang dikategorikan keanekaragaman jenisnya melimpah.Kata kunci: Analisis vegetasi; Mangrove
KARAKTERISTIK PETANI DAN KONTRIBUSI EKONOMI HUTAN KEMASYARAKATAN TERHADAP PENDAPATAN PETANI DI KPH TANAH LAUT
Authors: Prasetyo Agung , Helmi Muhammad , Rinakanti Rinakanti
Published: January 2025

The social forestry program will undoubtedly have an impact on society, and each HKm in Indonesia provides varying contributions, just like in the KPH Tanah Laut. This research aims to identify the Characteristics of Forest Farmer Groups (KTH) in the Tanah Laut Forest Management Unit (KPH) and to analyze the contribution of Community Forests to forest farmers' income in the Tanah Laut KPH. The determination of respondent samples was intentionally done with the criteria being active members of KTH. The total number of respondents in this research was 56 respondents, calculated using the Slovin formula with a margin of error of 10%. The results of this research indicate that the Farmers' characteristics in KTH Kariya Jaya, KTH Harapan Baru, KTH Ingin Maju, and KTH Suka Maju consist of 85% male and 15% female. The average age of KTH members is above 51 years old. On average, they have an educational level of elementary school (SD) with 49.6%. The average number of dependents is 2 people. On average, KTH members manage land with an area of 0.5 hectares. The average occupation of KTH members is as private employees. The economic contribution of HKm in KTH Kariya Jaya accounts for 38%. The economic contribution of HKm in KTH Harapan Baru accounts for 55.2%. The economic contribution of HKm in KTH Ingin Maju accounts for 42.3%. The economic contribution of HKm in KTH Suka Maju is 46.9%.Program Perhutanan sosial sejatinya pasti akan memberikan dampak kepada masyarakat, setiap HKm di Indonesia memberikan kontribusi yang berbeda-beda sama halnya di KPH Tanah Laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengidentifikasi Karakteristik Kelompok Tani Hutan (KTH) di Kesatuan Pengelolaan Hutan (KPH) Tanah Laut, dan Menganalisis kontribusi Hutan Kemasyarakatan terhadap pendapatan petani hutan di KPH Tanah Laut. Penentuan sampel responden dilakukan secara sengaja dengan ketentuan sebagai anggota KTH yang aktif. Jumlah responden pada penelitian ini sebanyak 56 responden yang dihitung menggunakan rumus slovin dengan galad 10%. Hasil dari penelitian ini Karakteristik petani di KTH Kariya Jaya, KTH Harapan Baru, KTH Ingin Maju dan KTH Suka Maju memiliki Rasio Jenis Kelamin 85% laki-laki dan 15% berjenis kelamin perempuan. Umur rata-rata anggota KTH 51 tahun keatas. Rata-rata tingkat pendidikan SD 49,6%. Rata-rata memiliki tanggungan keluarga 2 orang. Rata-rata anggota KTH mengelola lahan seluas 0,5 ha. Pekerjaan anggota KTH rata-rata sebagai karyawan swasta. Kontribusi ekonomi HKm di KTH Kariya jaya sebesar 38%. Kontribusi ekonomi HKm di KTH Harapan Baru sebesar 55,2%. Kontribusi ekonomi HKm di KTH Ingin Maju sebesar 42,3%. Kontribusi ekonomi HKm di KTH Suka Maju adalah sebesar 46,9%.
PENGARUH ALKALISASI HYBRID COMPOSITE BULU ITIK ALABIO DAN SERAT PURUN TIKUS TRHADAP KEAUSAN DAN KEKERASAN
Authors: Syarief Akhmad , Setiawan Dadang Aling , Fadliyanur Fadliyanur
Published: January 2025

Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan merupakan habitat salah satu jenis tumbuhan  Purun Tikus. Tanaman ini tumbuh liar di lahan basah dan digunakan untuk kerajinan tangan serta menjadi habitat bagi itik Alabio. Bulu itik banyak ditemukan  dibuang di tempat pembuangan sampah. NaOH merupakan senyawa kimia bersifat basa yang memiliki fungsi menghilangkan dan membersihkan residu pada serat. Oleh karena itu penulis ingin melakukan penelitian pada material komposit penguat bulu itik dan purun tikus dengan metode alkalisasi perendaman dengan NaOH. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh alkalisasi campuran hibrida bulu itik - purun tikus dengan matriks poliester terhadap uji aus dan kekerasan serta pengaruh void terhadap pori-pori berlubang. Uji aus dilakukan sesuai ASTM G99-04. Standar pengujian kekerasan ASTM D-785 dengan metode pembuatan sampel adalah metode hand lay up dengan komposisi 78% polyester, 2% katalis, 20% penguat dengan perbandingan volume:(10%:90%), waktu perlakuan alkalisasi : 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 dan 60 menit, NaOH 5%. Hasil  penelitian menunjukkan nilai keausan tertinggi terdapat pada waktu alkalisasi 10 menit dan terendah pada waktu alkalisasi 60 menit. Nilai kekerasan yang diperoleh merupakan nilai tertinggi  pada waktu alkalisasi 60 menit dan nilai terendah pada waktu alkalisasi 10 menit. Oleh karena itu, waktu alkalinisasi mempengaruhi nilai uji keausan, kekerasan, dan void.
ANALISIS HASIL PENGECORAN PASIR RODA GIGI LURUS BERBAHAN ALUMINIUM 1100 DAN 6063 TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK
Authors: Azmy Ilham , Rachmadi Dinar Dwi
Published: January 2025

Roda gigi lurus merupakan komponen mesin berbentuk gerigi yang bekerja saling bergesekan mentransmisikan gerakan rotasi antar poros berefisiensi tinggi. Kondisi tersebut mengharuskan roda gigi lurus memiliki sifat mekanik yang mumpuni. Teknik pengecoran pasir dikenal sebagai proses manufaktur produk mekanikal yang cukup sederhana dengan hasil berkualitas tinggi dan minim kegagalan. Di sisi lain, aluminium merupakan logam paduan yang memiliki sifat mekanik, ketahanan korosi dan sifat mampu cor yang baik. Maka, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan proses manufaktur roda gigi lurus menggunakan teknik pengecoran pasir berbahan aluminium 1100 dan 6063 sehingga didapatkan perbandingan karakteristik mekanik kekerasan dan ketahanan ausnya. Proses pengecoran diawali dengan perancangan dan pembuatan pola, lalu menyiapkan cetakan dan pasir silika, hingga proses peleburan aluminium pada temperatur 600 oC pada tungku, kemudian diakhiri dengan penuangan aluminium cair pada cetakan pasir. Setelah produk roda gigi lurus didapatkan, lalu dilakukan pengujian mekanik untuk mengevaluasi nilai kekerasan dan ketahanan ausnya. Dari hasil penelitian ini, didapatkan bahwa produk roda gigi lurus berbahan aluminium 6063 memiliki nilai kekerasan yang tinggi (58,4 HV) dan penurunan laju aus terendah (0,000827 mm3/menit). Dengan demikian, produk roda gigi lurus berbahan aluminium 6063 memiliki karakteristik mekanik yang paling baik sehingga berpengaruh pada umur pakainya yang lebih lama.
KARAKTERISTIK ALIRAN MINYAK-AIR DENGAN RASIO VISKOSITAS RENDAH DI PIPA HORIZONTAL DENGAN CFD
Authors: Kumolosari Eli , Wibowo Teguh , Purnami Ndaru Atmi
Published: January 2025

Aliran dua fasa merupakan fenomena penting yang dapat terjadi di berbagai bidang, salah satunya industri minyak. Dalam industri tersebut, aliran minyak-air seringkali terjadi di sumur produksi di lepas pantai. Minyak dialirkan bersama dengan air dalam proses transportasinya. Salah satu pola aliran yang membuat transportasi tersebut lebih ekonomis adalah core annular flow (CAF). Penelitian ini melakukan studi CFD terhadap pola aliran minyak-air dengan rasio viskositas rendah pada pipa horizontal dengan L/d 30. Tujuannya adalah untuk mendapatkan kecepatan superfisial minyak dan air (JO dan JW) yang sesuai untuk mendapatkan pola aliran CAF serta mengetahui nilai pressure drop dan water hold up. Validasi dilakukan dengan data eksperimen penelitian sebelumnya untuk mendapatkan hasil yang akurat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola aliran yang terbentuk dari variasi JO dan JW adalah stratified flow, Core Annular Flow (CAF), dan wavy flow. Kemudian, nilai pressure drop naik secara linier seiring naiknya nilai J, mulai 0,0413499 kPa pada J 0,21 m/s hingga 0.6898102 pada J 2 m/s. Hubungan antara pressure drop dengan water hold up tidak spesifik yang dimungkinkan terjadi karena pengaruh faktor gesekan aliran dua-fasa. Terakhir, nilai pressure drop pola aliran CAF lebih rendah dari stratified flow pada nilai J yang sama. Hal tersebut mengindikasikan kesesuaian hasil dengan teori.
MULTIBODY DYNAMICS SIMULATION OF WHEEL-RAIL INTERACTION FOR A SHUNTER LOCOMOTIVE ON A TWISTED TRACK
Authors: Nasrullah Alvian Iqbal Hanif , Nugraha Prasetya Adi
Published: January 2025

The effects of track twist on a shunter locomotive, a subject less explored compared to high-speed and freight trains, are investigated to extend knowledge of wheel-rail interaction. The study focuses on the impact of a 5% track twist on spring forces experienced by train wheels, addressing key issues such as derailment potential and wheel-rail contact loss. By analyzing the Nadal ratio and wheel lift under low-speed conditions (10-20 km/h), typical for shunter locomotives, the study provides new insights into operational safety. Multibody dynamics simulation with a simplified two-axle locomotive model shows that, despite challenging twisted track conditions, both Nadal ratio and wheel lift remain within safe limits, indicating a low risk of derailment. While these findings align with safety criteria established for other types of rail vehicles, the focus on shunter locomotives under such conditions represents a novel contribution to the field, filling a gap in existing literature. The study’s limitations, including model simplifications and the exclusion of real-world complexities, highlight the need for further validation and research to improve understanding of wheel-rail dynamics across varied operational environments.
PHYSICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF CORN COB ACTIVATED CARBON COMPOSITE
Authors: Sanwijaya Maulana , Rosidah Afira Ainur , Yunus Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Corn cobs are included in agricultural waste that is not utilized optimally. This organic waste is one of the right candidates to be used as activated carbon with various promising uses. This is the background for this research to make activated carbon from corn cobs which is activated using ZnCl2 with activator variations of 0, 8, and 16%. FTIR testing was performed to confirm the functional groups that appeared on the carbon from corn cobs before and after activation. Additionally, the activated carbon that successfully made was mixed with sago starch in a ratio of 75:25 to become a composite and to make it easier to fabricate the sample. Then SEM-EDX characterization, water content and ash content were carried out. The results of the FTIR test showed that the addition of the ZnCl2 activator caused the appearance of hydroxyl groups. In the water content, the results showed that the higher the activator concentration, the higher the water content. Meanwhile, the higher the activator used in activated carbon, the lower the ash content. SEM testing showed an enlargement of pore size and uniformity with increasing ZnCl2 concentration and EDX results showed an increase in the percentage of O elements.
PENGARUH PARAMETER PROSES WIRE ARC ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING (WAAM) TERHADAP GEOMETRI BUTIR LAS TUNGGAL ER5356
Authors: Andriyansyah Deni , Herianto  , Raharjo Emanuel Budi , Susanto Husein Arif , Mintardjo Gervasius Andro Hermawan
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini menginvestigasi pengaruh parameter cetak WAAM pada geometri butir las tunggal dengan elektroda aluminium ER5356 berdiameter 1,0 mm. Parameter yang divariasikan pada penelitian ini antara lain Tegangan, Arus dan Feedrate masing-masing sebesar 18 V, 22 V, 26 V; 100 A, 140 A, 180 A; 500 mm/menit, 750 mm/menit dan 1000 mm/menit. Proses pencetakan spesimen menghasilkan butir las discontinuous dan continuous. Spesimen continuous dengan geometri butir las yang konsisten mempunyai Heat Input (HI) pada rentang 0,17 kJ/min hingga 0,43 kJ/min. HI pengelasan menghasilkan pengaruh positif ketika tegangan yang digunakan relatif rendah (18 V) dan arus tinggi (180 A). Peningkatan tegangan tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan pada pembentukan butir las yang konsisten. Pengaturan arus tinggi dan tegangan rendah menghasilkan butir las yang lebih konsisten bila dibandingkan dengan kombinasi arus tinggi dan tegangan tinggi. Sementara itu, feedrate berkontribusi pada pembentukan geometri butir las. Semakin tinggi feedrate, lebar dan tinggi butir las cenderung mengalami penurunan. Lebar dan tinggi layer minimum yang dihasilkan dari proses pencetakan adalah 6,723/1,364 mm melalui pengaturan parameter 22 V, 140 A, dan 1000 mm/min. Sedangkan lebar dan tinggi layer terbesar dihasilkan oleh pengaturan parameter 26 V, 180A, dan 500 mm/min dengan nilai lebar dan tinggi layer 14,293/2,8 mm.
PENGARUH VARIASI MEDIA PELAPIS TERHADAP PEMOTONGAN AKRILIK TRANSPARAN DENGAN PROCUT DIODE 15 WATT
Authors: Friatinia Della Dwi , Effendi Sairul , Sani Almadora Anwar
Published: January 2025

Mesin laser cutting merupakan alat yang banyak digunakan dalam industri untuk memotong berbagai jenis material. Salah satu material yang sering dimanfaatkan adalah akrilik, yang dapat dipotong menggunakan mesin laser cutting dengan jenis CO2. Namun, mesin ini memiliki kelemahan berupa harga yang cukup mahal. Sebagai alternatif, laser cutting diode menawarkan solusi yang lebih ekonomis, meskipun efektivitasnya pada akrilik, terutama yang transparan, masih perlu dibuktikan. Modul laser diode diketahui mampu memotong material seperti kertas, kayu, bambu, kulit, dan plastik. Kemudian berdasarkan hasil pre-test menunjukkan bahwa cahaya laser tidak menghasilkan efek pemotongan pada akrilik transparan karena cahaya laser menembus material tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas metode pelapisan dalam memotong akrilik transparan dengan laser diode serta menentukan parameter optimal. Tiga jenis media pelapis yang digunakan adalah kertas, lakban, dan papan MDF hitam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa akrilik dapat terpotong maksimal menggunakan pelapis kertas dengan parameter terbaik yaitu persentase intensitas daya 90%, kecepatan potong 6 mm/menit, dan dua kali pengulangan. Temuan ini memberikan solusi ekonomis untuk pemotongan akrilik transparan menggunakan mesin laser cutting diode.