bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Sixteen-year Decline in Dissolved Oxygen in the Central California Current
Authors: Ren Alice S. , Chai Fei , Xue Huijie , Anderson David M. , Chavez Francisco P.
Published: May 2018

A potential consequence of climate change is global decrease in dissolved oxygen at depth in the oceans due to changes in the balance of ventilation, mixing, respiration, and photosynthesis. We present hydrographic cruise observations of declining dissolved oxygen collected along CalCOFI Line 66.7 (Line 67) off of Monterey Bay, in the Central California Current region, and investigate likely mechanisms. Between 1998 and 2013, dissolved oxygen decreased at the mean rate of 1.92 µmol kg−1 year−1 on σθ 26.6–26.8 kg m−3 isopycnals (250–400 m), translating to a 40% decline from initial concentrations. Two cores of elevated dissolved oxygen decline at 130 and 240 km from shore, which we suggest are a California Undercurrent and a California Current signal respectively, occurred on σθ ranges of 26.0–26.8 kg m−3 (100–400 m). A box model suggests that small annual changes in dissolved oxygen in source regions are sufficient to be the primary driver of the mid-depth declines. Variation in dissolved oxygen at the bottom of the surface mixed layer suggests that there is also a signal of increased local remineralization.
Hyperactivity of Rac1-GTPase pathway impairs neuritogenesis of cortical neurons by altering actin dynamics
Authors: Zamboni Valentina , Armentano Maria , Berto Gaia , Ciraolo Elisa , Ghigo Alessandra , Garzotto Donatella , Umbach Alessandro , DiCunto Ferdinando , Parmigiani Elena , Boido Marina , Vercelli Alessandro , El-Assawy Nadia , Mauro Alessandro , Priano Lorenzo , Ponzoni Luisa , Murru Luca , Passafaro Maria , Hirsch Emilio , Merlo Giorgio R.
Published: May 2018

The small-GTPase Rac1 is a key molecular regulator linking extracellular signals to actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Loss-of-function mutations in RAC1 and other genes of the Rac signaling pathway have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Intellectual Disability (ID). The Rac1 activity is negatively controlled by GAP proteins, however the effect of Rac1 hyperactivity on neuronal networking in vivo has been poorly studied. ArhGAP15 is a Rac-specific negative regulator, expressed in the main subtypes of pyramidal cortical neurons. In the absence of ArhGAP15, cortical pyramidal neurons show defective neuritogenesis, delayed axonal elongation, reduced dendritic branching, both in vitro and in vivo. These phenotypes are associated with altered actin dynamics at the growth cone due to increased activity of the PAK-LIMK pathway and hyperphosphorylation of ADF/cofilin. These results can be explained by shootin1 hypo-phosphorylation and uncoupling with the adhesion system. Functionally, ArhGAP15−/− mice exhibit decreased synaptic density, altered electroencephalographic rhythms and cognitive deficits. These data suggest that both hypo- and hyperactivation of the Rac pathway due to mutations in Rac1 regulators can result in conditions of ID, and that a tight regulation of Rac1 activity is required to attain the full complexity of the cortical networks.
A role for SOX9 in post-transcriptional processes: insights from the amphibian oocyte
Authors: Penrad-Mobayed M. , Perrin C. , L’Hôte D. , Contremoulins V. , Lepesant J.-A. , Boizet-Bonhoure B. , Poulat F. , Baudin X. , Veitia R. A.
Published: May 2018

Sox9 is a member of the gene family of SOX transcription factors, which is highly conserved among vertebrates. It is involved in different developmental processes including gonadogenesis. In all amniote species examined thus far, Sox9 is expressed in the Sertoli cells of the male gonad, suggesting an evolutionarily conserved role in testis development. However, in the anamniotes, fishes and amphibians, it is also expressed in the oocyte but the significance of such an expression remains to be elucidated. Here, we have investigated the nuclear localization of the SOX9 protein in the oocyte of three amphibian species, the urodelan Pleurodeles waltl, and two anurans, Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis. We demonstrate that SOX9 is associated with ribonucleoprotein (RNP) transcripts of lampbrush chromosomes in an RNA-dependent manner. This association can be visualized by Super-resolution Structured Illumination Microscopy (SIM). Our results suggest that SOX9, known to bind DNA, also carries an additional function in the posttranscriptional processes. We also discuss the significance of the acquisition or loss of Sox9 expression in the oocyte during evolution at the transition between anamniotes and amniotes.
Nitrothiophene carboxamides, a novel narrow spectrum antibacterial series: Mechanism of action and Efficacy
Authors: Hameed P Shahul , Bharatham Nagakumar , Katagihallimath Nainesh , Sharma Sreevalli , Nandishaiah Radha , Shanbhag Anirudh P. , Thomas Teby , Narjari Riya , Sarma Maitrayee , Bhowmik Purnendu , Amar Prakruthi , Ravishankar Rajani , Jayaraman Ramesh , Muthan Kubendran , Subbiah Ramesh , Ramachandran Vasanthi , Balasubramanian V. , Datta Santanu
Published: May 2018

The mechanism of efflux is a tour-de-force in the bacterial armoury that has thwarted the development of novel antibiotics. We report the discovery of a novel chemical series with potent antibacterial properties that was engineered to overcome efflux liability. Compounds liable to efflux specifically via the Resistance Nodulation and cell Division (RND) pump, AcrAB-TolC were chosen for a hit to lead progression. Using structure-based design, the compounds were optimised to lose their binding to the efflux pump, thereby making them potent on wild-type bacteria. We discovered these compounds to be pro-drugs that require activation inE. coliby specific bacterial nitroreductases NfsA and NfsB. Hit to lead chemistry led to the generation of compounds that were potent on wild-type and multi-drug resistant clinical isolates ofE. coli,Shigella spp., andSalmonella spp. These compounds are bactericidal and efficacious in a mouse thigh infection model.
Attosecond electron bunches from a nanofiber driven by Laguerre-Gaussian laser pulses
Authors: Hu Li-Xiang , Yu Tong-Pu , Sheng Zheng-Ming , Vieira Jorge , Zou De-Bin , Yin Yan , McKenna Paul , Shao Fu-Qiu
Published: May 2018

Generation of attosecond bunches of energetic electrons offers significant potential from ultrafast physics to novel radiation sources. However, it is still a great challenge to stably produce such electron beams with lasers, since the typical subfemtosecond electron bunches from laser-plasma interactions either carry low beam charge, or propagate for only several tens of femtoseconds. Here we propose an all-optical scheme for generating dense attosecond electron bunches via the interaction of an intense Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) laser pulse with a nanofiber. The dense bunch train results from the unique field structure of a circularly polarized LG laser pulse, enabling each bunch to be phase-locked and accelerated forward with low divergence, high beam charge and large beam-angular-momentum. This paves the way for wide applications in various fields, e.g., ultrabrilliant attosecond x/γ-ray emission.
Development of Ordered, Porous (Sub-25 nm Dimensions) Surface Membrane Structures Using a Block Copolymer Approach
Authors: Ghoshal Tandra , Holmes Justin D. , Morris Michael A.
Published: May 2018

In an effort to develop block copolymer lithography to create high aspect vertical pore arrangements in a substrate surface we have used a microphase separated poly(ethylene oxide) -b- polystyrene (PEO-b-PS) block copolymer (BCP) thin film where (and most unusually) PS not PEO is the cylinder forming phase and PEO is the majority block. Compared to previous work, we can amplify etch contrast by inclusion of hard mask material into the matrix block allowing the cylinder polymer to be removed and the exposed substrate subject to deep etching thereby generating uniform, arranged, sub-25 nm cylindrical nanopore arrays. Briefly, selective metal ion inclusion into the PEO matrix and subsequent processing (etch/modification) was applied for creating iron oxide nanohole arrays. The oxide nanoholes (22 nm diameter) were cylindrical, uniform diameter and mimics the original BCP nanopatterns. The oxide nanohole network is demonstrated as a resistant mask to fabricate ultra dense, well ordered, good sidewall profile silicon nanopore arrays on substrate surface through the pattern transfer approach. The Si nanopores have uniform diameter and smooth sidewalls throughout their depth. The depth of the porous structure can be controlled via the etch process.
The contribution of microglia to early synaptic compensatory responses that precede β-amyloid-induced neuronal death
Authors: Merlo Sara , Spampinato Simona Federica , Beneventano Martina , Sortino Maria Angela
Published: May 2018

Glial-neuronal cross-talk has a critical role in the development of neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer’s Disease, where it affects neuronal responses to β-amyloid peptide (Aβ)-induced toxicity. We set out to identify factors regulating synaptic responses to Aβ, dissecting the specific role of glial signaling. A low concentration of aggregated Aβ42 induced selective up-regulation of mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression and release in rat organotypic hippocampal cultures as well as in cortical pure microglia. Conditioned media from resting (CMC) or Aβ42-treated (CMA) microglia were tested for their effects on synaptophysin expression in SH-SY5Y neuronal-like cells during challenge with Aβ42. Both CMC and CMA prevented Aβ-induced synaptophysin loss. In the presence of Aβ + CMA, synaptophysin was over-expressed, although it appeared partly clumped in cell bodies. Synaptophysin over-expression was not directly dependent on BDNF signaling on neuronal-like cells, but relied on autocrine BDNF action on microglia. FM1-43 labeling experiments revealed compromised synaptic vesicle recycling in Aβ42-treated neuronal-like cells, rescued by microglial conditioned medium. In these conditions, significant and prolonged neuroprotection was observed. Our results point to microglia as a target for early intervention, given its positive role in supporting neuronal compensatory responses to Aβ synaptotoxicity, which potentially lead to their extended survival.
Mutational disruption of the ABCC2 gene in fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, confers resistance to the Cry1Fa and Cry1A.105 insecticidal proteins
Authors: Flagel Lex , Lee Young Wha , Wanjugi Humphrey , Swarup Shilpa , Brown Alana , Wang Jinling , Kraft Edward , Greenplate John , Simmons Jeni , Adams Nancy , Wang Yanfei , Martinelli Samuel , Haas Jeffrey A. , Gowda Anilkumar , Head Graham
Published: May 2018

The use of Bt proteins in crops has revolutionized insect pest management by offering effective season-long control. However, field-evolved resistance to Bt proteins threatens their utility and durability. A recent example is field-evolved resistance to Cry1Fa and Cry1A.105 in fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda). This resistance has been detected in Puerto Rico, mainland USA, and Brazil. A S. frugiperda population with suspected resistance to Cry1Fa was sampled from a maize field in Puerto Rico and used to develop a resistant lab colony. The colony demonstrated resistance to Cry1Fa and partial cross-resistance to Cry1A.105 in diet bioassays. Using genetic crosses and proteomics, we show that this resistance is due to loss-of-function mutations in the ABCC2 gene. We characterize two novel mutant alleles from Puerto Rico. We also find that these alleles are absent in a broad screen of partially resistant Brazilian populations. These findings confirm that ABCC2 is a receptor for Cry1Fa and Cry1A.105 in S. frugiperda, and lay the groundwork for genetically enabled resistance management in this species, with the caution that there may be several distinct ABCC2 resistances alleles in nature.
A bivalent protein r-PB, comprising PA and BclA immunodominant regions for comprehensive protection against Bacillus anthracis
Authors: Majumder Saugata , Das Shreya , Somani Vikas , Makam Shivakiran S. , Joseph Kingston J. , Bhatnagar Rakesh
Published: May 2018

Anthrax infection is primarily initiated by B. anthracis endospores that on entry into the host germinate to vegetative cells and cause severe bacteremia and toxaemia employing an array of host colonisation factors and the lethal tripartite toxin. The protective efficacy of conventional protective antigen (PA) based anthrax vaccines is improved by co-administration with inactivated spores or its components. In the present study, using structural vaccinology rationale we synthesized a bivalent protein r-PB encompassing toxin (PAIV) and spore components (BclACTD) and characterized its protective efficacy against B. anthracis infection. Active immunization of mice with r-PB generated high titer circulating antibodies which facilitated the phagocytic uptake of spores, inhibited their germination to vegetative cells and completely neutralized anthrax toxins in vivo resulting in 100 % survival against anthrax toxin challenge. Proliferation of CD4+ T cell subsets with up-regulation of Th1 (IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-12), Th2 (IL-5, IL-10) cytokines and balanced expression of IgG1:IgG2a antibody isotypes indicated the stimulation of both Th1 and Th2 subsets. The immunized mice exhibited 100 % survival upon challenge with B. anthracis spores or toxin indicating the ability of r-PB to provide comprehensive protection against anthrax. Our results thus demonstrate r-PB an efficient vaccine candidate against anthrax infection.
Transcriptome analyses reveal reduced hepatic lipid synthesis and accumulation in more feed efficient beef cattle
Authors: Mukiibi Robert , Vinsky Michael , Keogh Kate A. , Fitzsimmons Carolyn , Stothard Paul , Waters Sinéad M. , Li Changxi
Published: May 2018

The genetic mechanisms controlling residual feed intake (RFI) in beef cattle are still largely unknown. Here we performed whole transcriptome analyses to identify differentially expressed (DE) genes and their functional roles in liver tissues between six extreme high and six extreme low RFI steers from three beef breed populations including Angus, Charolais, and Kinsella Composite (KC). On average, the next generation sequencing yielded 34 million single-end reads per sample, of which 87% were uniquely mapped to the bovine reference genome. At false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05 and fold change (FC) > 2, 72, 41, and 175 DE genes were identified in Angus, Charolais, and KC, respectively. Most of the DE genes were breed-specific, while five genes includingTP53INP1,LURAP1L,SCD,LPIN1, andENSBTAG00000047029were common across the three breeds, withTP53INP1,LURAP1L,SCD,and LPIN1being downregulated in low RFI steers of all three breeds. The DE genes are mainly involved in lipid, amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism, energy production, molecular transport, small molecule biochemistry, cellular development, and cell death and survival. Furthermore, our differential gene expression results suggest reduced hepatic lipid synthesis and accumulation processes in more feed efficient beef cattle of all three studied breeds.
Author Correction: Spin-orbit-torque-induced magnetic domain wall motion in Ta/CoFe nanowires with sloped perpendicular magnetic anisotropy
Authors: Zhang Yue , Luo Shijiang , Yang Xiaofei , Yang Chang
Published: May 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Multi-beam array stitching method based on scanning Hartmann for imaging quality evaluation of large space telescopes
Authors: Wei Haisong , Hu Haixiang , Yan Feng , Chen Xindong , Cheng Qiang , Xue Donglin , Zhang Xuejun
Published: May 2018

To test large-aperture space optical systems in a simple and highly efficient manner, the scanning Hartmann test (SHT) has been used to measure the sub-aperture wavefront slopes of optical systems by scanning with a collimated beam followed by retrieval of the overall wavefront form. However, the use of such a method contains a crucial flaw in that pointing errors of the translation stage can severely affect the test accuracy. Therefore, a multi-beam stitching method is proposed to correct pointing errors by stitching together data obtained by successive sub-aperture acquisition. In this paper, a test principle and a data processing method are detailed. Simulation results theoretically verify a high precision for the stitching algorithm. Furthermore, a multi-beam array stitching test system (MASTS) is developed and used to successfully test an actual space optical system of ∅800 mm. The MASTS shows a deviation of 1/50 λ (λ = 632.8 nm) root mean square (RMS) from the interferometric results and a repeatability of 1/80 λ RMS, which demonstrates high precision, high repeatability and low sensitivity to air turbulence compared to interferometric measurement. In future engineering applications, the MASTS has great potential to solve the test problems of space optical systems using ultra-large apertures.
Setup errors and effectiveness of Optical Laser 3D Surface imaging system (Sentinel) in postoperative radiotherapy of breast cancer
Authors: Wei Xiaobo , Liu Mengjiao , Ding Yun , Li Qilin , Cheng Changhai , Zong Xian , Yin Wenming , Chen Jie , Gu Wendong
Published: May 2018

Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) plus postoperative radiotherapy has become the standard treatment for early-stage breast cancer. The aim of this study was to compare the setup accuracy of optical surface imaging by the Sentinel system with cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) imaging currently used in our clinic for patients received BCS. Two optical surface scans were acquired before and immediately after couch movement correction. The correlation between the setup errors as determined by the initial optical surface scan and CBCT was analyzed. The deviation of the second optical surface scan from the reference planning CT was considered an estimate for the residual errors for the new method for patient setup correction. The consequences in terms for necessary planning target volume (PTV) margins for treatment sessions without setup correction applied. We analyzed 145 scans in 27 patients treated for early stage breast cancer. The setup errors of skin marker based patient alignment by optical surface scan and CBCT were correlated, and the residual setup errors as determined by the optical surface scan after couch movement correction were reduced. Optical surface imaging provides a convenient method for improving the setup accuracy for breast cancer patient without unnecessary imaging dose.
Lateral Variation of Crustal Lg Attenuation in Eastern North America
Authors: Zhao Lian-Feng , Mousavi S. Mostafa
Published: May 2018

We perform Q
Lg
tomography for the northeastern part of North America. Vertical broadband seismograms of 473 crustal earthquakes recorded by 302 stations are processed to extract the Lg amplitude spectra. Tomographic inversions are independently conducted at 58 discrete frequencies distributed evenly in log space between 0.1 and 20.0 Hz. This relatively large dataset with good ray coverage allows us to image lateral variation of the crustal attenuation over the region. Obtained Q
Lg
maps at broadband and individual frequencies provide new insights into the crustal attenuation of the region and its relationship to geological structures and past tectonic activity in the area. The Q
Lg
shows more uniform values over the older, colder, and drier Canadian Shield, in contrast to higher variations in the younger margins. Results confirm the correlation of large-scale variations with crustal geological features in the area. Existence of low-velocity anomalies, thick sediments, volcanic rocks, and thin oceanic crust are potential sources of observed anomalies. The mean Q values are inversely correlated with average heat flow/generation for main geological provinces.
Biofilm formation is not associated with worse outcome in Acinetobacter baumannii bacteraemic pneumonia
Authors: Wang Yung-Chih , Huang Tzu-Wen , Yang Ya-Sung , Kuo Shu-Chen , Chen Chung-Ting , Liu Chang-Pan , Liu Yuag-Meng , Chen Te-Li , Chang Feng-Yee , Wu Shih-Hsiung , How Chorng-Kuang , Lee Yi-Tzu
Published: May 2018

The effect of biofilm formation on bacteraemic pneumonia caused by A. baumannii is unknown. We conducted a 4-year multi-center retrospective study to analyze 71 and 202 patients with A. baumannii bacteraemic pneumonia caused by biofilm-forming and non-biofilm-forming isolates, respectively. The clinical features and outcomes of patients were investigated. Biofilm formation was determined by a microtitre plate assay. The antimicrobial susceptibilities of biofilm-associated cells were assessed using the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) assay. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted to identify biofilm-associated genes and their promoters. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed to confirm the expression difference of biofilm-associated genes. There was no significant difference in the clinical characteristics or the outcomes between patients infected with biofilm-forming and non-biofilm-forming strains. Compared with non-biofilm-forming isolates, biofilm-forming isolates exhibited lower resistance to most antimicrobials tested, including imipenem, meropenem, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin; however, the MBEC assay confirmed the increased antibiotic resistance of the biofilm-embedded bacteria. Biofilm-associated genes and their promoters were detected in most isolates, including the non-biofilm-forming strains. Biofilm-forming isolates showed higher levels of expression of the biofilm-associated genes than non-biofilm-forming isolates. The biofilm-forming ability of A. baumannii isolates might not be associated with worse outcomes in patients with bacteraemic pneumonia.
Chloroplast nucleoids as a transformable network revealed by live imaging with a microfluidic device
Authors: Kamimura Yoshitaka , Tanaka Hitomi , Kobayashi Yusuke , Shikanai Toshiharu , Nishimura Yoshiki
Published: May 2018

Chloroplast DNA is organized into DNA–protein conglomerates called chloroplast nucleoids, which are replicated, transcribed, and inherited. We applied live-imaging technology with a microfluidic device to examine the nature of chloroplast nucleoids in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. We observed the dynamic and reversible dispersion of globular chloroplast nucleoids into a network structure in dividing chloroplasts. In the monokaryotic chloroplast (moc) mutant, in which chloroplast nucleoids are unequally distributed following chloroplast division due to a defect in MOC1, the early stages of chloroplast nucleoid formation occurred mainly in the proximal area. This suggests the chloroplast nucleoid transformable network consists of a highly compact core with proximal areas associated with cpDNA replication and nucleoid formation.
High temperature hydrothermal synthesis of rare-earth titanates: synthesis and structure of RE5Ti4O15(OH) (RE = La, Er), Sm3TiO5(OH)3, RE5Ti2O11(OH) (RE = Tm–Lu) and Ce2Ti4O11
Authors: Fulle Kyle , Sanjeewa Liurukara D. , McMillen Colin D. , Kolis Joseph W.
Published: May 2018

Reactions of rare-earth oxides with TiO2 were performed in high temperature (650–700 °C) hydrothermal fluids.
Ring-shaped corona proteins influence the toxicity of engineered nanoparticles to yeast
Authors: Ruotolo Roberta , Pira Graziella , Villani Marco , Zappettini Andrea , Marmiroli Nelson
Published: May 2018

Proteins involved in crucial metabolic pathways form the “hard” corona and affect the bioactivity of metal-based engineered nanoparticles.
Rooibos tea extracts inhibit osteoclast formation and activity through the attenuation of NF-κB activity in RAW264.7 murine macrophages
Authors: Moosa Shaakirah , Kasonga Abe E. , Deepak Vishwa , Marais Sumari , Magoshi Innocentia B. , Bester Megan J. , Kruger Marlena C. , Coetzee Magdalena
Published: May 2018

Fermented rooibos extract has more potent inhibitory effect on osteoclasts than unfermented rooibos.
Asymmetric ring-opening reactions of azabenzonorbornadienes through transfer hydrogenation using secondary amines as hydrogen sources: tuning of absolute configuration by acids
Authors: Pu Dongdong , Zhou Yongyun , Yang Fan , Shen Guoli , Gao Yang , Sun Weiqing , Khan Ruhima , Fan Baomin
Published: May 2018

Switching of absolute configuration by acids during palladium and silver co-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of heterobicycles by secondary amines.
Clinical analysis and quantitation of MB-102, a novel fluorescence tracer agent, in human plasma
Authors: Shieh Jeng-Jong , Rochelle Riley I. , Dorshow Richard B.
Published: May 2018

An innovative analytical method for quantitating MB-102 in human plasma by HPLC, with application in real-time assessment of kidney function.
Chemoselective epoxidation of cholesterol derivatives on a surface-designed molecularly imprinted Ru–porphyrin catalyst
Authors: Muratsugu Satoshi , Baba Hiroshi , Tanimoto Tatsuya , Sawaguchi Kana , Ikemoto Satoru , Tasaki Masahiro , Terao Yosuke , Tada Mizuki
Published: May 2018

High chemoselectivity for the C5C6epoxidation of cholesterol derivatives without protecting other oxidizable functional groups was achieved on a newly designed molecularly imprinted Ru–porphyrin catalyst using a SiO2-support.
In situ and real-time ToF-SIMS analysis of light-induced chemical changes in perovskite CH3NH3PbI3
Authors: Xu Duo , Hua Xin , Liu Shao-Chuang , Qiao Hong-Wei , Yang Hua-Gui , Long Yi-Tao , Tian He
Published: May 2018

A hybrid light/ToF-SIMS system was used to analyze the dynamic chemical changes of perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 materials under light illumination.
A unique self-assembly-driven probe for sensing a lipid bilayer: ratiometric probing of vesicle to micelle transition
Authors: Gulyani Akash , Dey Nilanjan , Bhattacharya Santanu
Published: May 2018

Membrane-driven self-assembly of an amphiphilic pyrene–terpyridine probe efficiently reports on vesicle–micelle transition through ratiometric changes.
Tandem cyclization of o-alkynylanilines with isocyanides triggered by intramolecular nucleopalladation: access to heterocyclic fused 2-aminoquinolines
Authors: Wu Wanqing , Li Meng , Zheng Jia , Hu Weigao , Li Chunsheng , Jiang Huanfeng
Published: May 2018

A novel strategy for the synthesis of heterocyclic fused 2-aminoquinolines via palladium-catalyzed tandem cyclization of o-alkynylanilines and isocyanides has been developed.
Self-assembly and ring-opening metathesis polymerization of cyclic conjugated molecules on highly ordered pyrolytic graphite
Authors: Chiu Shih-Ting , Chiang Hsin-Yu , Lin Yen-Jen , Lu Yun-Yung , Tanaka Hirofumi , Hosokai Takuya , Horie Masaki
Published: May 2018

We report the STM and AFM images of cyclophane trienes and their ROMP products, presenting unique surface morphologies on HOPG.
Copper-catalyzed selective radical–radical cross-coupling for C–S bond formation: an access to α-alkylthionitriles
Authors: Zheng Caihong , Lu Fangling , Lu Hanwei , Xin Jie , Deng Yi , Yang Dali , Wang Shengchun , Huang Zhiliang , Gao Meng , Lei Aiwen
Published: May 2018

Oxidative radical–radical cross-coupling: a new protocol for C–S bond formation was developed by selective cross-coupling between a thiyl radical and an isobutyronitrile radical.
Reductive defluorination of graphite monofluoride by weak, non-nucleophilic reductants reveals low-lying electron-accepting sites
Authors: Liu Yijun , Noffke Benjamin W. , Gao Xinfeng , Lozovyj Yaroslav , Cui Yi , Fu Yongzhu , Raghavachari Krishnan , Siedle Allen R. , Li Liang-shi
Published: May 2018

Graphite monofluoride (GF) can undergo reductive defluorination in the presence of weak, non-nucleophilic reductants.
The effect of hydration on the electronic structure and stability of the superalkali cation Li3+
Authors: Hou Jia-Huan , Wu Di , Liu Jia-Yuan , Li Si-Yi , Yu Dan , Li Ying
Published: May 2018

Insights into the interaction between the superalkali cation Li3+ and water molecules and the stability of the resulting hydrates.
Charge-induced structural transition between seashell-like B29− and B29+ in 18 π-electron configurations
Authors: Pei Ling , Li Hai-Ru , Yan Miao , Chen Qiang , Mu Yue-Wen , Lu Hai-Gang , Wu Yan-Bo , Li Si-Dian
Published: May 2018

First-principles theory investigations show a clear charge-induced structural transition between seashell-like Cs B29− (1−) and Cs B29+ (1+) in 18 π-electron configurations.
Calcite crystallization in the cement system: morphological diversity, growth mechanism and shape evolution
Authors: Jiang Jinyang , Zheng Qi , Hou Dongshuai , Yan Yiru , Chen Heng , She Wei , Wu Shengping , Guo Dong , Sun Wei
Published: May 2018

Carbonation plays an indispensable role in engineering construction, embracing mineralization, CO2sequestration and low pH induced corrosion, but the essential mechanism of carbonation occurring in calcium silicate hydrate or portlandite can hardly be interpreted.
Recent progress in the tailored growth of two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride via chemical vapour deposition
Authors: Sun Jingyu , Lu Chen , Song Yingze , Ji Qingqing , Song Xiuju , Li Qiucheng , Zhang Yanfeng , Zhang Li , Kong Jing , Liu Zhongfan
Published: May 2018

A tutorial review of the state-of-the-art in the tailored growth of two-dimensional h-BN by virtue of CVD routes.
Photoluminescence and energy transfer properties of a novel molybdate KBaY(MoO4)3:Ln3+ (Ln3+ = Tb3+, Eu3+, Sm3+, Tb3+/Eu3+, Tb3+/Sm3+) as a multi-color emitting phosphor for UV w-LEDs
Authors: Li Kai , Van Deun Rik
Published: May 2018

A novel series of KBaY(MoO4)3:Ln3+ (Ln3+ = Tb3+, Eu3+, Sm3+, Tb3+/Eu3+, Tb3+/Sm3+) as multi-color emitting phosphors for UV w-LEDs has been prepared and investigated.
Rapid water disinfection over a Ag/AgBr/covalent triazine-based framework composite under visible light
Authors: Li Liuyi , Li Xiaofen , Cheng Zhi , Bi Jinhong , Liang Shijing , Zhang Zizhong , Yu Yan , Wu Ling
Published: May 2018

An Ag/AgBr/covalent triazine-based framework composite was successfully utilized for the rapid photocatalytic inactivation of bacteria under visible light.
An anionic η2-naphthalene complex of titanium supported by a tripodal [O3C] ligand and its reactions with dinitrogen, anthracene and THF
Authors: Nakanishi Yusuke , Ishida Yutaka , Kawaguchi Hiroyuki
Published: May 2018

An η2-naphthalene titanium complex supported by a tripodal ligand reacts with N2 to produce a strongly activated N2 complex.
A synthetic NO reduction cycle on a bis(pyrazolato)-bridged dinuclear ruthenium complex including photo-induced transformation
Authors: Arikawa Yasuhiro , Hiura Junko , Tsuchii Chika , Kodama Mika , Matsumoto Naoki , Umakoshi Keisuke
Published: May 2018

A synthetic NO reduction cycle on a dinuclear platform was achieved, where an unusual N–N coupling complex was included.
Unravelling the spin-state of solvated [Fe(bpp)2]2+ spin-crossover complexes: structure–function relationship
Authors: Giménez-López Maria del Carmen , Clemente-León Miguel , Giménez-Saiz Carlos
Published: May 2018

Revealing the reasons why the lattice solvent stabilises one spin form over the other in [Fe(bpp)2]2+ complexes bearing anions with different charge/size ratios.
Targeted replacement: systematic studies of dodecanuclear {MIII6LnIII6} coordination clusters (M = Cr, Co; Ln = Dy, Y)
Authors: Chen Sihuai , Mereacre Valeriu , Zhao Zhiying , Zhang Wanwan , Zhang Mengsi , He Zhangzhen
Published: May 2018

Three dodecanuclear {MIII6LnIII6} (M = Cr, Co; Ln = Dy, Y) coordination clusters have been synthesized and characterized. The DyIII–DyIII and CrIII–DyIII interactions and SMM behaviors have been studied.
A rare example of a compact heteroleptic cyclometalated iridium(iii) complex demonstrating well-separated dual emission
Authors: Gitlina Anastasia Yu. , Ivonina Maria V. , Sizov Vladimir V. , Starova Galina L. , Pushkarev Anatoly P. , Volyniuk Dmytro , Tunik Sergey P. , Koshevoy Igor O. , Grachova Elena V.
Published: May 2018

Cationic heteroleptic Ir(iii) complexes [Ir(C^N)2(NN)][PF6] exhibit unique singlet–triplet dual emission in solution with two well separated emission bands.
Regioselective functionalization at the 7-position of 1,2,3-triphenylbenzo[b]phosphole oxideviaPO-directed lithiation
Authors: Wakatsuki Ayana , Yukimoto Mariko , Minoura Mao , Fujii Kaori , Kimura Yoshifumi , Matano Yoshihiro
Published: May 2018

The regioselective functionalization at the 7-position of 1,2,3-triphenylbenzo[b]phospholeP-oxide was accomplishedviaPO-directedortho-lithiation as the key step.
The global electrophilicity index as a metric for Lewis acidity
Authors: Jupp Andrew R. , Johnstone Timothy C. , Stephan Douglas W.
Published: May 2018

The global electrophilicity index (GEI) is a base-free and facile method for assessing Lewis acidity that can guide synthetic efforts.
Boosting the thermoelectric performance of PbSe through dynamic doping and hierarchical phonon scattering
Authors: You Li , Liu Yefeng , Li Xin , Nan Pengfei , Ge Binghui , Jiang Ying , Luo Pengfei , Pan Shanshan , Pei Yanzhong , Zhang Wenqing , Snyder G. Jeffrey , Yang Jiong , Zhang Jiye , Luo Jun
Published: May 2018

Cu intercalation is demonstrated to enhance the thermoelectric performance of PbSe through the dynamic doping effect and hierarchical phonon scattering.
Multiplexed microfluidic fluorescence immunoassay with photodiode array signal acquisition for sub-minute and point-of-need detection of mycotoxins
Authors: Soares Ruben R. G. , Santos Denis R. , Pinto Inês F. , Azevedo Ana M. , Aires-Barros M. Raquel , Chu Virginia , Conde João P.
Published: May 2018

A portable and multiplexed microfluidic device is reported, allowing immunodetection of mycotoxins within 1 min after sample preparation.
Isolation, expression and biochemical characterization of recombinant hyoscyamine-6β-hydroxylase from Brugmansia sanguinea – tuning the scopolamine production
Authors: Fischer Conrad , Kwon Moonhyuk , Ro Dae-Kun , van Belkum Marco J. , Vederas John C.
Published: May 2018

Using a stabilizing small ubiquitin like modifier (SUMO) fusion, a new homologue of hyoscyamine-6β-hydroxylase from Brugmansia sanguinea (BsH6H) boosts scopolamine production.
A novel water soluble pillar[5]arene and phenazine derivative self-assembled pseudorotaxane sensor for the selective detection of Hg2+ and Ag+ with high selectivity and sensitivity
Authors: Zhang You-Ming , Chen Xiao-Peng , Liang Guo-Yan , Zhong Kai-Peng , Lin Qi , Yao Hong , Wei Tai-Bao
Published: May 2018

A bifunctional supramolecular pseudorotaxane chemosensor (G-WAP) based on pillar[5]arene and phenazine imidazole was constructed, which could detect Hg2+ and Ag+ in water.
Fluorimetric and colorimetric analysis of total iron ions in blood or tap water using nitrogen-doped carbon dots with tunable fluorescence
Authors: Liu Fengjuan , Jiang Yao , Fan Chuan , Zhang Liyan , Hua Yue , Zhang Chunxian , Song Ning , Kong Yingjie , Wang Hua
Published: May 2018

Nitrogen-doped Cdots were fabricated with tunable blue-green fluorescence and changing of color for fluorimetric and colorimetric assays for total iron.
Synthesis of iron-fluoride materials with controlled nanostructures and composition through a template-free solvothermal route for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Tang Yuwei , An Jiale , Xing Hongxia , Wang Xiuying , Zhai Bin , Zhang Feng , Song Yu , Li Guodong
Published: May 2018

A simple template-free solvothermal route has been successfully developed to prepare iron-based fluoride nanostructures with controlled morphology and composition.
Oxidation of pyrrole with p-benzoquinone to semiconducting products and their application in electrorheology
Authors: Stejskal Jaroslav , Bober Patrycja , Trchová Miroslava , Horský Jiří , Walterová Zuzana , Filippov Sergey K. , Plachý Tomáš , Mrlík Miroslav
Published: May 2018

A low-molecular-weight organic semiconducting material was prepared by the redox interaction between pyrrole and p-benzoquinone.
Realization of near-perfect absorption in the whole reststrahlen band of SiC
Authors: Chen Dongxue , Dong Jianjie , Yang Jianji , Hua Yilei , Li Guixin , Guo Chuanfei , Xie Changqing , Liu Ming , Liu Qian
Published: May 2018

By constructing a pillar–cone double-structure surface on SiC, a near-perfect absorption is realized in the whole reststrahlen band of SiC.
Remote excitation and detection of surface-enhanced Raman scattering from graphene
Authors: Coca-López Nicolás , Hartmann Nicolai F. , Mancabelli Tobia , Kraus Jürgen , Günther Sebastian , Comin Alberto , Hartschuh Achim
Published: May 2018

We demonstrate the remote excitation and detection of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) from graphene using a silver nanowire as a plasmonic waveguide.
Nanoscale morphology and electronic coupling at the interface between indium tin oxide and organic molecular materials
Authors: Lorenzoni Andrea , Mosca Conte Adriano , Pecchia Alessandro , Mercuri Francesco
Published: May 2018

An integrated computational approach, coupling nanoscale morphology to charge transport properties, allows to evaluate the distribution of injection rates at the electrode/organic interface in OLED materials.
A porous nickel cyclotetraphosphate nanosheet as a new acid-stable electrocatalyst for efficient hydrogen evolution
Authors: Liu Xiong , Wen Bo , Guo Ruiting , Meng Jiashen , Liu Ziang , Yang Wei , Niu Chaojiang , Li Qi , Mai Liqiang
Published: May 2018

The porous nickel cyclotetraphosphate nanosheet arrays exhibit both high HER activity and catalytic stability in acid.
The α-hydroxyphosphonate-phosphate rearrangement of a noncyclic substrate – some new observations
Authors: Prechelmacher Susanne , Mereiter Kurt , Hammerschmidt Friedrich
Published: May 2018

An enantiomerically pure ethyl hydrogen α-hydroxyphosphonate was converted to diastereomeric 1′,3′,5′(10′)-estratrien-3′-yl ethyl phosphonates, which were methylated and subjected to α-hydroxyphosphonate-phosphate rerrangements following a stereospecific course.
Effects of cucurbit[n]uril (n = 7, 8, 10) hosts on the formation and stabilization of a naphthalenediimide (NDI) radical anion
Authors: Zhao Xiran , Liu Fengbo , Zhao Zhiyong , Karoui Hakim , Bardelang David , Ouari Olivier , Liu Simin
Published: May 2018

The binding interactions of a NDI diammonium dichloride salt with cucurbit[n]uril (CB[n], n = 7,8, 10) and the formation process of a NDI radical anion upon photoexcitation of the NDI derivative in the presence of a CB[n] host have been investigated.
Cobalt-catalyzed carbon–sulfur/selenium bond formation: synthesis of benzo[b]thio/selenophene-fused imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines
Authors: Wang Tianyu , Chen Jichao , Wang Jia , Xu Shengtao , Lin Aijun , Yao Hequan , Jiang Sheng , Xu Jinyi
Published: May 2018

An efficient cobalt-catalyzed C–S/C–Se bond formation method for the synthesis of benzo[b]thio/selenophene-fused imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines has been developed.
Ultrafast and efficient aza- and thiol-Michael reactions on a polyester scaffold with internal electron deficient triple bonds
Authors: Gunay Ufuk Saim , Cetin Muge , Daglar Ozgun , Hizal Gurkan , Tunca Umit , Durmaz Hakan
Published: May 2018

A polyester scaffold possessing electron deficient triple bonds in the main chain was prepared and utilized as a precursor for aza- and thiol-Michael addition reactions.
Design and synthesis of an AIE-active polymeric H2S-donor with capacity for self-tracking
Authors: Lin Lvhuan , Qin Herong , Huang Jianbing , Liang Hui , Quan Daping , Lu Jiang
Published: May 2018

Poly(3-formyl-4-hydroxybenzyl methacrylate) (PFHMA) was reacted sequentially with PEG-ONH2, hydrazine andS-benzoylthiohydroxylamine to yield a self-fluorescent polymeric H2S-donor.
BPTI folding revisited: switching a disulfide into methylene thioacetal reveals a previously hidden path
Authors: Mousa Reem , Lansky Shifra , Shoham Gil , Metanis Norman
Published: May 2018

The folding mechanism of the model protein bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor was revisited. By switching the solvent exposed disulfide bond with methylene thioacetal we uncovered a hidden pathway in its folding mechanism. In addition, this moiety enhanced protein stability while fully maintaining the protein structure and biological function.
Self-resistance guided genome mining uncovers new topoisomerase inhibitors from myxobacteria
Authors: Panter Fabian , Krug Daniel , Baumann Sascha , Müller Rolf
Published: May 2018

Mining the genome to harvest from the metabolome: a well-directed search for bioactive natural products unearths the pyxidicyclines fromPyxidicoccus.
False measurement of glycated hemoglobin in patients without hemoglobin A
Authors: Suo Minghuan , Wen Dongmei , Wang Weijia , Zhang Decai , Xu Shengnan , Wang Xia , Hu Ting
Published: May 2018

Background: Hemoglobin (Hb) A1c, a biochemical marker widely used in monitoring diabetes mellitus, can be quantitatively measured by various examining systems. However, significant errors still exist. In the present study, we evaluated the HbA1c level in five patients with compound heterozygotes by five different examining systems and our goal is to identify the existence of erroneous HbA1c measurement.

Methods: Blood samples collected from normal (no hemoglobin variants) and abnormal (compound heterozygotes) patients were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis technique and sequence analysis. The samples without HbA expression via above methods were further analyzed for HbA1c by ion exchange HPLC Variant II/ Variant II Turbo 2.0 (VII and VII-T 2.0), boronate affinity HPLC, capillary electrophoresis, and Tinaquant immunoassay.

Results: HbA1c expression were unexpectedly detected in the compound heterozygous samples by using additional examining systems: The HPLC VII and VII-T 2.0 detected HbA1c expression in two of five samples and failed to detect the abnormal HbA2 expression; the CE system detected HbA1c expression in one of five samples with abnormal HbA2 expression; the Ultra2 and PPI system detected the HbA1c expression of all samples without abnormal HbA2.

Conclusions: Five human samples without HbA expression were additionally detected with HbA1c expression with or without abnormal HbA2 expression by five analysis systems and the different examining assay potentially affected the test results. These results demonstrated that the limitations of current examining systems for monitoring patients with hemoglobin disorders highlighting the further improvement in the method of clinical HbA examination.
Cold prominence materials detected within magnetic clouds during 1998–2007
Authors: Wang Jiemin , Feng Hengqiang , Zhao Guoqing
Published: May 2018

Context. Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are intense solar explosive eruptions, and they are frequently correlated with prominence eruptions. Previous observations show that about 70% of CMEs are associated with prominence eruptions. However, there are only a handful of reported observations of prominence plasma materials within interplanetary CMEs (ICMEs), which are the interplanetary manifestations of CMEs. Moreover, approximately 4% of ICMEs exhibit the presence of prominence materials, and approximately 12% of magnetic clouds (MCs) contain prominence materials.

Aims. We aim to comprehensively search for cold prominence materials in MCs observed by the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) spacecraft during 1998–2007.

Methods. Using the criteria of unusual O5+ and (or) Fe6+ abundances, we examined 76 MCs observed by ACE during 1998–2007 to search for cold prominence materials.

Results. Our results revealed that out of the 76 MCs, 27 (36%) events contained prominence material regions with low-charge-state signatures.

Conclusions. Although the fraction is still lower than the approximately 70% of CMEs associated with prominence eruptions, it is much higher than 12%. The unusual O5+ and (or) Fe6+ abundances may be simple and reliable criteria to investigate prominence materials in the interplanetary medium.
The ALMA-PILS survey: complex nitriles towards IRAS 16293–2422
Authors: Calcutt H. , Jørgensen J. K. , Müller H. S. P. , Kristensen L. E. , Coutens A. , Bourke T. L. , Garrod R. T. , Persson M. V. , van der Wiel M. H. D. , van Dishoeck E. F. , Wampfler S. F.
Published: May 2018

Context. Complex organic molecules are readily detected in the inner regions of the gaseous envelopes of forming protostars. Their detection is crucial to understanding the chemical evolution of the Universe and exploring the link between the early stages of star formation and the formation of solar system bodies, where complex organic molecules have been found in abundance. In particular, molecules that contain nitrogen are interesting due to the role nitrogen plays in the development of life and the compact scales such molecules have been found to trace around forming protostars.

Aims. The goal of this work is to determine the inventory of one family of nitrogen-bearing organic molecules, complex nitriles (molecules with a –C≡N functional group) towards two hot corino sources in the low-mass protostellar binary IRAS 16293–2422. This work explores the abundance differences between the two sources, the isotopic ratios, and the spatial extent derived from molecules containing the nitrile functional group.

Methods. Using data from the Protostellar Interferometric Line Survey (PILS) obtained with ALMA, we determine abundances and excitation temperatures for the detected nitriles. We also present a new method for determining the spatial structure of sources with high line density and large velocity gradients – Velocity-corrected INtegrated emission (VINE) maps.

Results. We detect methyl cyanide (CH3CN) as well as five of its isotopologues, including CHD2CN, which is the first detection in the interstellar medium (ISM). We also detect ethyl cyanide (C2H5CN), vinyl cyanide (C2H3CN), and cyanoacetylene (HC3N). We find that abundances are similar between IRAS 16293A and IRAS 16293B on small scales except for vinyl cyanide which is only detected towards the latter source. This suggests an important difference between the sources either in their evolutionary stage or warm-up timescales. We also detect a spatially double-peaked emission for the first time in molecular emission in the A source, suggesting that this source is showing structure related to a rotating toroid of material.

Conclusions. With high-resolution observations, we have been able to show for the first time a number of important similarities and differences in the nitrile chemistry in these objects. These illustrate the utility of nitriles as potential tracers of the physical conditions in star-forming regions.
Automatische Blutdruck- und Pulsmessung vs. manuelle Messung
Authors: Waibel Iris
Published: May 2018

Bei einer Dialysebehandlung wird mehrfach der Blutdruck kontrolliert, um mögliche Komplikationen zu minimieren. Da es viele automatische/oszillometrische
Messgeräte gibt, werden diese auch gerne verwendet. Es stellt sich die Frage, ob die Messergebnisse der automatischen Blutdruck- und Pulsmessung mit der
manuellen Messung generell gleichwertig sind und auch bei Patienten mit Vorhofflimmern nicht abweichen. Das Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es, während der Dialyse
den Blutdruck sowie den Puls nach beiden Messmethoden zu messen, um Unterschiede zu erkennen. Eine Patientengruppe litt neben der Niereninsuffizienz auch an
Vorhofflimmern. Eine Vergleichsgruppe ohne Vorhofflimmern wurde genau gleich gemessen und diente zur Kontrolle der Werte auf ihre Richtigkeit. Um Messfehler zu
reduzieren, wurde die passende Blutdruckmanschette verwendet. Die Messung wurde am Oberarm durchgeführt, ohne Bekleidung oder mit einer dünnen Bekleidung. Die
Messung erfolgte zu Beginn, während und am Ende der Dialyse. Es wurde automatisch und manuell gemessen. Der Puls wurde über 60 Sekunden durchgezählt. Die
RR-Messungen haben gezeigt, dass beide Messmethoden ähnliche Werte erbringen, sowohl bei Patienten mit Vorhofflimmern als auch bei der Kontrollgruppe. Die
Pulsmessungen sind jedoch stärker voneinander abgewichen: Der manuell gemessene Puls ist etwas höher als der oszillometrisch gemessene Wert. Für die Dialyse
sollte man individuell entscheiden, welche Messmethoden man verwenden möchte. Die gemessenen Werte sollten jedoch immer hinterfragt werden.