bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Traction Transmission Gearbox Mechanical Properties Numerical Calculation and Strength Analysis
Authors: Tian Jia Lin , Liang Zheng , Yang Lin , Mei Xue Qing , Xiao Bai Chuan , Zhang Bei
Published: August 2011

Traction devices are power transmission components of railbound vehicle. This article discusses the gearbox mechanical properties numerical calculation and strength analysis. It established calculation model based on field test parameters. And it finished analysis about elastic deformation of large displacement and contact problem of nonlinear finite element method during numerical calculation. With comparison of energy strength theory and ASME VIII-2 standard, it chooses the suitable strength method for gearbox. With definition of key parameters, the mechanical properties numerical calculation results were given in different load conditions. According to displacement, strain and stress analysis, the gearbox strength is analyzed based on ASME VIII-2 standard. The results show: under field test loads, the gearbox satisfies strength requirement. But there is stress concentration phenomenon. During independent analysis process of gearbox, hanging and assembly, the results of displacement, strain and stress assume certain regularity.
Punching Force of Cold Die of Fuzzy Reliability Considering the Random Distribution of Material Properties
Authors: Zhao Zhi Su , Zhang Xing Hua
Published: August 2011

In order to be considered in the calculation of punching force of cold die random distribution of material properties, meanwhile including success and failure punching during the gradual change process in the calculation. Based on probabilistic fuzzy reliability point of view, the success or failure determination will be extended to fuzzy events. Based on fuzzy reliability, the punching force of cold die calculation method will be also given when taking the impact of random distribution of material properties into account. Related analysis formulae and the fuzzy criterion of success or failure of punching are established and derived. Through which, design and engineering process are integrated, the designer will be more reliably to predict the success or failure of the punching during the design stage. The processing error of lack of statistical data and the objectivity of the success or failure determination criterion will be easily solved. Economy cost and reliability design of geometrical curve design will be also considered.
Study on Scattering of Left-Handed Materials Elliptical Cylinder
Authors: Wen Xin Quan , Shi De Wan , Xu Jin
Published: August 2011

Left-handed Materials (LHM) is a kind of structural materials of artificial cycle which permittivity ε and permeability μ are both negative. This article mainly studied the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of LHM by using the method of rigorous modal matching, and discussed the variation of corresponding elliptical eccentricity, its loss and negatively permittivity on the effect of radar cross section by numerical calculation .
Herbal-Loaded Multifunctional Nanocomposities as Nanocarrier for Cancer Therpy: Synthesis and Quality
Authors: Chou Chih Wei , Chang Sheng Yueh , Chen Yung Shiu , Su Wu Chung , Wu Te Hsing
Published: August 2011

The multifunctional nanocompoties (MFNCs) as drug release carriers are prepared by cross-linking reaction of cationic chitosan (CS) and anionic tripolyphosphate (TPP) to encapsulate Fe3O4 nanoparticles(NPs) loaded cancer therapeutic agents such as berberine (BB), KCY-24B, KCY-Tai…etc were studied. These MFNCs were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR), ultra violet–visible-near infrared spectrophotometer (UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer), size analysis, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Then we obtained here the preparation method, characterization, and capability of these efficative nanoparticles. Cell celluar uptake and distribution of MFNCs were also inspected in human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines (Colo 205).
Preparation and Characterization of PCL/PVP Blend Membrane
Authors: Wang Jun Hua , Cheng Xiang Biao , Huang Gang , Dong Feng Chun , Jia Yong Tang
Published: August 2011

PCL/PVP blend membrane was prepared by casting solution method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), diffraction scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were employed to characterize membrane structure and morphology. Moreover, the hydrophilicity, mechanical property and biodegradability of membranes were investigated. Due to introducing PVP, the crystallinity and mechanical property of PCL altered to some extent. The hydrophilicity of the blend membrane improved remarkably with increasing PVP content, which was expressed by the contact angle declining and the rate of water absorption increasing. Lipase accelerated the degradation rate of PCL/PVP membrane.
The Microstructure and Tensile Property of Mg-Zn-Ca-Zr Alloy Sheet Coated with HA and its Antihemolytic Ability
Authors: Cui Tong , Guan Ren Guo , Qin Hai Ming
Published: August 2011

The coating preparation of HA on the surface of Mg-4.0Zn-1.0Ca-0.6Zr alloy sheet is carried out through a technique combining of pre-alkali-heat-solution-treatment, electro-deposition and post-alkali-heat-solution-treatment. The microstructure and appearance of the coatings are observed and analyzed by means of scan electron microscope. As well as with help of spectrophotometer, the antihemolytic ability of the alloy with HA coated in blood has been studied. The results indicate that the available ageing treatment of the alloy sheet is at 175 °C for 12 hours, and as the rule, the yield strength σ0.2 and elongation rate δ % is reached 320 MPa and 18.75 % respectively. The HA coated with a desirable microstructure is achieved under the technique parameter of the temperature 50 °C and the voltage nearly 10 V, as well as it’s ratio of Ca and P is 1.72 which is close to the human bone tissue of 1.67. The concentration of [Mg2+] in leaching liquor is depressed as the using of the alloy with HA coated so that the adverse reaction caused by higher concentration of [Mg2+] in the parts of the body position can be avoided. The value of hemolysis ratio of the alloy with HA coated is 4.06 % less than that of the alloy with un-coated which is 4.35 %, therefore the antihemolytic ability of alloy with HA coated is increased, and the phenomena of hemolysis is not taken place when it is used as one of human body planting material.
Non-Uniform Simplification of Point Clouds
Authors: Chen Sheng Yong , Guan Qiu , Li Lan Lan , Huang Wei , Qian Li Yong
Published: August 2011

For three-dimensional mechanical design and reverse engineering in manufacturing, point clouds are obtained from some scanners before they are used to generate geometrical shapes in a design. However, original point clouds are poor in quality because of noise, incomplete, and non-uniform data samples. Simplification is an important step to generate a good result prior to polygonal meshes. Usually we cannot obtain uniform points using traditional cloud simplification methods. This paper proposes a new method for non-uniform points cloud simplification (NUPCS), which is based on affinity propagation clustering. Experiments are carried out for some data sets and results show that our proposed method can deliver good simplification performances.
Mechanical Properties of Concrete with Aggregate Type at Elevated Temperature
Authors: Lee Tae Gyu , Kim Gyu Yong , Kim Young Sun , Park Gyu Yeon
Published: August 2011

This research effort aims to evaluate the mechanical properties of concrete with two aggregate type, light weight and normal weight at elevated temperatures. To understand the mechanical properties at elevated temperature, normal and light weight concrete of 60 MPa grade was exposed to temperature range 20 to 700°C under 0%, 20%, 40% load conditions and compressive strength, elastic modulus, thermal strain and transient creep at target temperature were inspected. Experimental results show that light weight concrete has higher compressive strength, although the strength of normal weight concrete degenerated more sharply than the light weight concrete at elevated temperature. Moreover, the thermal strain (0% unstressed) and total strain (20%, 40% stressed) of normal weight concrete was higher than that of light weight concrete. Loading conditions significantly influenced the mechanical properties of normal weight concrete compared to that of light weight concrete at high temperature.
Static Performance Analysis on Combined Truss with Steel Tube and Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Based on Total Strain Crack Constitutive Model
Authors: Lin Hong Yu
Published: August 2011

Based on the total strain crack constitutive model and the available testing data, finite element model on three trusses were established by the finite element procedure MIDAS/FEA and the analysis were executed in order to verify the validity of constitutive model and study the static performance of combined truss. The results show that the finite element model based on total strain crack constitutive can reflect the static performance of combined truss and can carry the affective parameters analysis, which can offer theory evidence for engineering application of combined truss. The failure of three trusses were due to joint failure, however the failure modes were different and changed by the concrete filled in chord. The bearing capacity of three trusses was controlled by the jionts and the strength and stiffness of jionts were increased by the concrete filled in the chord, therefore the bearing capacity of trusses was increased while the deformation was decreased. In combined truss with steel tube and concrete filled steel tube, the concrete-filled steel tube joints can improve the bearing capacity and the steel tube joint can satisfy the requirements of plastic deformation, which have obvious advantages in the engineering application.
Finite Element Analysis on Static Performance on Combined Truss with Rectangular Steel Tube and Concrete-Filled Steel Tube
Authors: Du Ya Wen , Lin Hong Yu
Published: August 2011

Finite element analysis on three trusses was carried out in order to study the performance of combined truss with steel tube and concrete filled steel tube. The first specimen was a RHS truss, the second one was a combined truss with steel tube and concrete filled steel tube, and the third one was a concrete-filled steel tube truss. The results show that the finite element model can reflect the static performance of combined truss and can carry out the affective parameters analysis, which can offer theory evidence for engineering application of combined truss. The damage of three trusses was all due to the joint failure and the failure mode was all punishing shearing failure, but the concrete filled changed by the failure place of joints. The bearing capacity of three trusses was controlled by the jionts and the strength and stiffness of jionts were increased by the concrete filled in the chord, therefore the bearing capacity of trusses was increased while the deformation of trusses was decreased. In combined truss with steel tube and concrete filled steel tube, the concrete-filled steel tube joints can improve the bearing capacity and the steel tube joint can satisfy the requirements of deformation, which have obvious advantages in the engineering application.
Relationship between Thickness of Lamellar α+β Phase and Mechanical Properties of Titanium Alloy
Authors: Sui Yan Wei , Liu Ai Hui , Li Bang Sheng , Guo Jing Jie
Published: August 2011

Titanium alloy castings are made by means of induction melting technology. The relationships thickness of lamellar α+β phase and tensile strength, yield strength, elongation percentage, and Vickers-hardness, as well as the effect of tensile property on the Vickers-hardness are investigated for Ti-6Al-4V alloy castings. The results show that the relationships between thickness of lamellar α+β phase, and tensile strength, yield strength, specific elongation, and Vickers-hardness meet the Hall-Petch equation. And the tensile property increases linearly with Vickers-hardness.
Modeling of Pressure Drop in a 3-D Network Ceramic Diesel Particulate Filter
Authors: Liu Xu Dong , Bi Xiao Guo
Published: August 2011

Diesel Particulate Filters (DPFs) provide probably the most effective means of trapping the exhaust emitted particulates from diesel engines. Three-dimension network ceramic filters become a promising alternative to the conventional wall flow filters, since they are effective in filtering small sized particles and provide a large specific surface area for catalytic coating. A mathematical model of pressure drop for a three-dimension network ceramic DPFs is developed. The model calculates the pressure drop of a filter as a function of the geometric filtering properties, operating conditions and structure of trapping. The calculated pressure drops of a filter agree well with the experimental results. The pressure drop of DPFs increases linearly with increasing trap length, and there is a nonlinear relationship between the exhaust gas mass flow rate and pressure drop. For optimized traps, the pressure drops are much lower than those of the filters with a unitary trap structure.
The Strength Reliability Analysis of Periodically Symmetric Struts Supports of Gas Turbine Based on Monte-Carlo Method
Authors: Zhang Ya Xin , Li Bin Bin , Geni Mamtimin
Published: August 2011

Due to the limitations of dimension and experiment cost, the reliability analysis of PSSS (Periodic Symmetric Struts Support ) mainly depend on reliability simulation. Inlet temperature, inlet velocity and inlet pressure of the thermal channel are the major random variables impacting PASS. In this paper, it generates 120 groups random variables by using stochastic finite element method ,which combined finite element software and Monte Carlo method. Temperature distribution is obtained based on fluid-structure interaction analysis with each group of variables as boundary condition, then thermal stress distribution is obtained by using steady state thermal analysis. After that, the maximum stress value of each group are extracted out, and the curve fitting for the probabilistic distribution curve of the stress was carried on. Then the function of the probabilistic distribution of maximum stress was got. According to the stress - strength interference model, the reliability calculation of PSSS was carried out, which can provides some reference data for the reliability analysis of the heavy--duty gas turbine.. This shows that by using finite element method and the monte carlo method to carry out structure strength reliability analysis of maximum stress area is feasible.
Preparation and Research of Phase Change Material Based EVA / Binary Fatty Acids Composite
Authors: Guo Jing , Fan Jing Nan , Xiang Heng Xue
Published: August 2011

In this study, melting method is adopted for the preparation of phase change material based EVA /binary fatty acids composite. Phase change temperature and latent heat of the binary fatty acids and EVA /binary fatty acids composite are characterized using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The structure and thermal insulation properties of the binary fatty acids and EVA /binary fatty acids composite are investigated using Fourier transformation infrared spectroscope (FTIR) and temperature-recording instrument. The DSC results show that Phase change temperature and latent heat of the binary fatty acids are less than that of pure Stearic Acid and Lauric Acid, The latent heat of EVA /binary fatty acids composite are increase with the increasing of the binary fatty acid content. Cooling curves show that the binary fatty acid and EVA /binary fatty acids composite have good insulation properties. The FTIR results show that EVA and binary fatty acid are combined by intermolecular forces.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 3D Needled Carbon Fibre Reinforced Carbon and Silicon Carbide Composites
Authors: Li Zhuan , Xiao Peng , Xiong Xiang
Published: August 2011

Three-dimensional needle carbon fibre reinforced carbon and silicon carbide dual matrix composite (C/C-SiC) was a new type of high performance brake materials, and exhibited a series of outstanding advantages such as low density, good echanical properties, especially excellent toughness, to avoid catastrophic brittle fracture. In the present study, the C/C-SiC composites were fabricated by the combination of chemical vapor infiltration with liquid silicon infiltration. The preform was prepared by three dimension needling method. The preform was densified by chemical vapor infiltration to form porous carbon/carbon (C/C) composites. Then, the porous C/C composites were converted into C/C-SiC during LSI, in which silicon carbide matrix was formed by the reaction of carbon and melt silicon. The microstructure and mechanical properties of C/C-SiC has been investigated. The results indicated that the composites were composed of 55 wt%C, 39 wt%SiC and 6 wt%Si. The density of C/C-SiC was 2.2 g•cm-3and the open porosity was 6.4%, respectively. The C/C-SiC exhibited good echanical properties, especially excellent toughness, to avoid catastrophic brittle fracture. The flexural and compressive strength can reach to 214.6 MPa and 271.0 MPa, respectively. C/C-SiC had excellent impact damage tolerance of 25.2 kJ•m-2.
Experimental Investigation Contrast to Coal Dust and FS Powder Application
Authors: Xia Xiang , Xie Shi Kun
Published: August 2011

We preliminary know FS powder and coal dust play in mix sand and analysis comparison influence of each powder through a series of mixture sand performance testing . We put forward on same addition, FS powder substitute coal dust is profitable to reduce defect of M593 Shell structure adhering sand.
Study of Cellulose-Dibutyl Sebacate Copolymer Synthesis and Characterization of Crosslinked Cellulose-Dibutyl Sebacate Copolymers for Oil Absorbency
Authors: Mamat Halidan
Published: August 2011

A novel cellulose-based oil absorbent crosslinked cellulose-dibutyl sebacate copolymers was prepared by the graft crosslinking polymerization of in situ synthesized dibutyl sebacate and cotton cellulose using potassium persulfate as an initiator. The copolymers were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, etc. The effects of reaction conditions, such as, ratio of reaction regents, reaction temperature, reaction time, etc, on the efficiency of oil absorbency were examined. The optimized reaction conditions for the synthesis of crosslinked cellulose-dibutyl sebacate copolymers were: m(cotton pulp):m(K2S2O8 initiator):m(dibutyl sebacate) = 1 0.025 2.0(W/W)，75°C，and 5-6 h. The resulting crosslinked cellulose-dibutyl sebacate copolymers were floppy and exhibited excellent oil absorbency efficiency.
Study on Effect of Relief Groove Angle Expressing the Position in Reducing Noise of Swash Plate Axial Piston Pump
Authors: Song Yue Chao , Xu Bing , Yang Hua Yong
Published: August 2011

The objective of this paper is to study on the effect of the relief groove angle expressing the position in reducing noise of a swash plate axial piston pump. The relief groove is an important structure for reducing noise. Unfortunately the effect of the position of the relief groove is quite seldom explained in research reports. This paper focuses to this problem. A detail simulation model including the structure and position of the relief groove as well as the compressibility of oil film is built. The optimal shape of the relief groove is obtained by analyzing the flow ripple and cylinder pressure of the piston pump with the different shape of the relief groove on the port plate. The effect of the relief groove position and different structures on noise reducing is found by analyzing the flow ripple, cylinder pressure, sizes of relief groove and its location in different positions on the port plate. In this way the influences of the relief groove on reducing noise are found and the optimization of relief groove is obtained.
Underwater Acoustic Radiation Prediction Based on Improved SEA Method and Hybrid FE-SEA Method
Authors: Zhang Xu , Gao Jie
Published: August 2011

In this paper improved SEA method and Hybrid FE-SEA method were used to predict the underwater acoustic radiation. The prediction of underwater acoustic radiation results showed a larger error appeared in the shell structure of the first order "breathing mode", when improved SEA method be used. Using the hybrid FE-SEA method to analysis the rigid subsystem that the SEA approach can not handle. The results using hybrid FE-SEA method very accurate in interested frequence.
A Proposal of Robust Design Method for Deriving Adjustable Range
Authors: Kimura Suguru , Kato Takeo , Matsuoka Yoshiyuki
Published: August 2011

Due to increased individuation of user needs and market globalization, the demands for product performance have diversified. However, a diversified performance is difficult to be obtained a unique design solution (design value). In a previous study, the robust design method (RDM), which ensures products with a robust performance under diverse conditions, was improved. This method was used to evaluate performance robustness with respect to an adjustable control factor (ACF), which is a factor that can be adjusted by the user. Unfortunately, the RDM is not applicable to design problems that have several ACFs due to the increased calculation amount. To resolve this issue, this study improves the previous method by applying a genetic algorithm and a method to extract the values of ACFs employed in the robustness calculation. The improved RDM was applied to two numerical examples to confirm its effectiveness.
Silicone-Modified Butyl Acrylate-Methyl Methacrylate Copolymer Latex: Effects of Coupling Agents
Authors: Han Ye , Li Xin Wen , Liu Zhen Guo , Zhang Hui Xuan
Published: August 2011

Silicone-modified butyl acrylate-methyl methacrylate copolymer latex was prepared via semi-continuous emulsion polymerization with different coupling agents. Effect of coupling agent content on polymerization of acrylate and properties of latex film were discussed in details. It is found that the monomer conversion and degree of crosslinking increased gradually for both Z-6300 and Z-6040 as coupling agent with increasing coupling agent feed concentration. Shear strength and tensile strength decreased with increasing Z-6300 content. While for Z-6040 as the coupling agent, the tensile strength increased with Z-6040 content and the shear strength was in the range of 0～0.6wt%. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the freeze resistance of copolymer was effectively improved.
Adaptive Collaborative Optimization Strategy Based on Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Liu Ji Hong , Jiang Hao , Xie Qi
Published: August 2011

The genetic algorithm and the adaptive mechanism are adopted to tackle the inefficiency of optimization and the convergence difficulty of collaborative optimization (CO). Based on the further analysis of collaborative optimization process, the constraint conditions are converged into part of the optimization function. The system optimization model of CO has been reconstructed according to the adaptive penalty function which is based on the information of different disciplines and the transformation of system-level constraints. Therefore, the global and local search capabilities of optimization algorithm and searching efficiency of CO have been improved. Meanwhile, the difficulty of convergence caused by the internal definition of CO has been resolved. Finally, an example of speed reducer is demonstrated to verify the proposed method, showing that the convergence rate and search efficiency have been improved.
The Influence of Tin Ions on the Thermal Property of β-FeOOH Nanorods
Authors: Wang Wei Wei , Yao Jia Liang
Published: August 2011

The properties of akaganeite (β-FeOOH) are affected by the coexisting ions and can be changed by doping various ions. Tin doped β-FeOOH nanorods were prepared using β-FeOOH nanorods as the precursor under hydrothermal conditions. The effect of tin ions on the thermal property of β-FeOOH was investigated. The doping of tin ions was confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and atomic emission spectrometer analysis. The adsorption of tin ions on the surface of β-FeOOH could prevent the transformation from β-FeOOH nanorods to α-Fe2O3 in solution. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis showed they have different thermal decomposition temperatures. β-FeOOH nanorods were transformed into α-Fe2O3 particles at 400 °C. While tin doped β-FeOOH nanorods should be heated to 600 °C. Tin doped β-FeOOH nanorods showed higher thermal stability than that of β-FeOOH nanorods. The presence of tin ions is favor of the formation of rod like shape.
Comparative Study of Physicochemical Properties of Dragon’s Blood Powders
Authors: Zhao Guo Wei , Wang Chun Liu , Liao Zheng Gen , Liang Xin Li , Cao Yun Chao , Chen Xu Long
Published: August 2011

Compare investigate physicochemical properties of fine powder and two ultrafine powders of Dragon’s Blood, and then to determinate particle size distribution for ultrafine powders of Dragon’s Blood. Specific surface area and porosity, surface morphology and moisture absorption of Dragon’s Blood powders were investigated. The content and the in vitro dissolution of dracorhodin in Dragon’s Blood powders were determined by HPLC. The results showed that the content of dracorhodin had no significant difference among three Dragon’s Blood powders. With the decreasing of particle size the degree of moisture decreased. The dissolution of dracorhodin in the order of: ultrafine powder I > ultrafine powder II > fine powder. An appropriate degree of superfine grinding can improve moisture absorption of Dragon’s Blood powders and dissolution of dracorhodin. Particle size distribution of Dragon’s Blood ultrafine powder should be controlled about 40 μm.
Synthesis and Characterization of Polyacrylonitrile Microspheres by Soapless Emulsion Polymerization
Authors: Yang Guang Zhi , Zhu Chun Feng , Zhang Lei , Qiu Han Xun , Wang Xian Ying , Yang Jun He
Published: August 2011

Polyacrylonitrile(PAN) microspheres were synthesized by soapless emulsion polymerization of acrylonitrile(AN) in water. The effects of monomer and initiator concentration on the conversion of AN and the diameter of microspheres were investigated. The results showed that when the concentration of monomer increases, the conversion of AN decreases while the diameter of PAN microspheres increases. When the concentration of initiator increases, the conversion of AN and the diameter of PAN microspheres both increase. For this method of PAN microspheres synthesis, the highest conversion of AN is about 60% and the diameter can be controlled in need ranging from approximately 140 to 500nm.
Effects of Strain Rate and Heat Treatment on the Tensile Property of 1Mn1Zn4Y Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Zhang Xiu Zhi , Li Ying Jie , Zhang Yi Shuai
Published: August 2011

In this paper, the effect of heat treatment and strain rate on the tensile property of extruding magnesium alloys 1Mn1Zn4Y is studied by using tensile tests. It can be concluded that because the grain size of the sample with solid solution (T4) is coarser than that of the sample without heat treatment，the elongation and the strength of the specimen treated with solid solution are lower. However, owing to many fine and dispersed particles of the second phase precipitated from the solid solution, the strength of sample treated with solid solution + aging (T6) is the highest.
Compressive Flow Behavior of AZ61 Mg Alloy at Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Wu Horng Yu , Sun Pin Hou , Yan Jie Chen , Liao Jing Hao , Zhu Feng Jun , Chiu Chui Hung
Published: August 2011

The flow behavior and associated structural changes of an AZ61 Mg alloy were analyzed by using hot compression tests in the temperature and strain rate ranges of 250–400 °C and 0.001 to 1 s–1, respectively. The stress–strain curves exhibited the trend typical of materials in which deformation is recovery-controlled in the high Z regime (Z is the Zener–Hollomon parameter), while at low strain rates and high T, the flow curves exhibited a softening typical of recrystallization phenomena. Microstructure analysis has been performed to correlate the microstructure changes to the flow behaviors.
Effect of Rotating Magnetic Field on Microstructure Evolution of Pb-Bi Alloys
Authors: Chen Zhao , Wen Xiao Li , Chen Chang Le
Published: August 2011

Solidification behaviour of Pb-Bi alloys under rotating magnetic field (RMF) was investigated experimentally to understand the effect of the frequency of RMF on the nucleation and growth behaviour. It was found that, as the increase of the rotating frequency, the grains are fragmented and refined gradually until a transition from columnar to equiaxed microstructures happens at a rotating frequency of 40 Hz. Moreover, the Bi concentration of the primary phase decreases and macrosegregation is eliminated effectively with RMF. These are due to the effect of RMF on the nucleation, growth and fluid flow in the solidification process.
A Study on the SCC Susceptibility of Twin-Wire Metal Inert Gas Arc Welds in 7A52 Al Alloy Plate
Authors: Wang Xiao Dong , Jia Rui Ling , Zhang Hui Xia , Lui Hua Jian , Zhai Xi Wei , Chen Fu Rong
Published: August 2011

7A52 Al alloy plates was welded using twin-wire metal inert gas arc welding (TMW) .Stress corrosion cracking (SCC)behavior of the parent material and the welded specimens was investigated by the slow strain rate tensile(SSRT)test method respectively. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was conducted to understand electrochemical corrosion behavior of 7A52 Al alloy and its TMW weldment. It was found that the welded specimens exhibited higher SCC susceptibility than the parent materials under SSRT testing in seawater. The EIS result showed that the weld zone exhibited higher corrosion resistance than that of the parent material. Hydrogen embrittlement is a crucial factor that leads to the failure of the welded specimens during SSRT test in seawater.
Al2O3/Al Composites Consolidated from Alumina and Aluminum Particulates by Reciprocating Extrusion
Authors: Zhang Zhong Ming , Hu Bo , Gao Feng Tao , Wang Jin Cheng
Published: August 2011

MMCs can be usually fabricated by powder metallurgy, stir casting and spray co-deposition, etc. Al2O3/Al composites were produced by means of reciprocating extrusion with alumina and pure aluminum particulates in the present study. The microstructure was analyzed by scanning electronic microscope, and the mechanical properties were measured by hardness tester and universal testing machine, respectively. The results showed that Al2O3/Al composites with as high as 20 vol.% alumina can be successfully produced by reciprocating extrusion. During reciprocating extrusion process, the reinforced alumina particles can be fragmentized and uniformly distributed in the aluminum matrix. The tensile strength and hardness of the composites increase as volume fraction of alumina particles increases, whereas the elongation decreases. Compared with the pure aluminum compact, the tensile strength and hardness of the composite with 20 vol.% alumina particles is 29.3% and 93.5% higher, respectively; whereas the elongation decreases 66.6%, and the fracture mechanism of the composites is attributed to ductile rupture.
High Temperature Salt-Fog Corrosion Behavior of a Ni-Based Super Alloy
Authors: Wang Ji Jie , Lan Jian , Turan Duy Gu , Cui Tong , Jiang Da , Liu Chun Zhong
Published: August 2011

Long time corrosion is carried out on a kind of new Ni-based super alloy used as a component of gas turbine engine, under salt-fog atmosphere at 700°C850°C for 200h. The salt solution component is 75% sodium sulfate plus 25% sodium chloride. The surface of the alloy was coated with salt solution at 150°C and aged at 700°C,750°C,800°C and 850°C for 10h, 50h, 100h and 200h, respectively. It is found that with the increase of temperature and aging time, the weight and thickness of the corrosion layer increase, and the corrosion becomes severer on the alloy surfaces. In the beginning of high-temperature corrosion, the corrosion speed increases quickly, and as prolong of corrosion aging time, corrosion speed turns to be invariable, and it is correlated to the formation of an oxidized layer by which the increasing of corrosion speed is restricted.
Mechanical Behavior of Wood Plastic Composites: Effect of Interfacial Compatibilizers
Authors: Li Ji Wu , Zhu Dong Feng , Wu Yong Gui
Published: August 2011

In this study, wood plastic composites (WPC) material were fabricated with wood flour and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). To improve the interfacial compatibility between the wood flour and the PVC, silane method (SM) and tianate method(TM) were used to treat the wood flour, maleic anhydride copolymerized PVC with dicumyl peroxide. The effects of wood flour content, surface treatment on the mechanical properties of WPC materials were investigated. Fracture surfaces of tests specimens were analysis by SEM. Test results indicate that WPC material with wood flour treated by SM or TM together with PVC copolymerized showed good mechanical properties.
Modeling and Error Compensation of MEMS Gyroscope Dynamic Output Data within the Whole Temperature Range
Authors: Zhang Yan Shun , Wang Shu Wei
Published: August 2011

In this paper, the output data of MEMS gyroscope ADRX150 under different input angular velocity within the temperature range of -30°C~50°C is collected and analyzed. Taking the nonlinear and random characteristics of the output data of MEMS gyroscope ADRX150 into account, the dynamic output data model based on RBF neural network is established, which is training and taking the performance testing with the experimental data collection. The results indicate that, the model has high accuracy and good generalization ability.
The Study on Microstructure and Properties of a New Metastable Beta Titanium Alloy after Aging Treatment
Authors: Yao Xun , Liu Shuang Jin , Cui Chun Xiang , Cai Fen Fei
Published: August 2011

New metastable beta titanium alloy Ti-4Al-2.7V-12Mo-10Nb-1Zr-0.2Cr was carried out in the arc melting vacuum furnace. The microstructure and mechanical properties of a new metastable beta titanium alloy Ti-4Al-2.7V-12Mo-10Nb-1Zr-0.2Cr were compared at different aging temperature and time. The growth mechanism of α phase is analysed by comparing the morphology of the precipitated phase at different temperature. Test results indicate that titanium alloy Ti-4Al-2.7V-12Mo-10Nb-1Zr-0.2Cr has the best property through two-step aging treatment. The tensile strength of titanium alloy Ti-4Al-2.7V-12Mo-10Nb-1Zr-0.2Cr after final aging treatment achieves 1180MPa with 8% elongation trough tensile test. The strengthing mechanism was also discussed in this paper.
The Improvement of 13MnNiMoNbR Weld Strength and Low Temperature Toughness
Authors: Tian Song Ya , Zhang Jun Jie , Zhang Gen Yuan
Published: August 2011

For the thick steel plate 13MnNiMoNbR, submerged arc welding was carried out, three kinds of wires were used H08Mn2MoA, H10Mn2MoA, H10Mn2Ni2MoA and together with two kinds of fluxes which are SJ101, SJ102 .After welding ,normalizing plus tempering heat treatment was added.Using V-shaped notch Charpy impact test and the fracture morphology was observed for researching. The toughness of weld and heat affected zone was lower than 27J at -20 °C,cleavage fracture exited in main proportion. Experiments proved that because of the slow colling speed of weld after normalizing a large amount of the upper bainite produced. When normalizing temperature fell in the critical zone where the ferrite and austenite two-phase can exist together (critical normalizing),upper bainite in weld was eliminated , strength and low temperature (-20 °C) toughness correspond with national standard.
Research on Industrial Shape Meter and its Application
Authors: Yu Bing Qiang , Yang Li Po
Published: August 2011

A industrial strip shaper is developed, which mainly consisted of the shape detecting roller, the collecting ring, the DSP shape signal processing board and the shape control model. The structural form which is different from the international popular segmented detection roller is put forward and the entire detection roller inlayed block is developed to avoid the scratch of the strip surface due to different thermal expansion of the traditional detection roller measuring unit effectively. The signal transmission form which is different form the international popular dry slip ring is put forward, the spray wet slip ring is developed to improve the measuring precision and the service life. The signal processing form which is different form the international popular gathering card is put forward and the embedded DSP shape signal processing hardware system is developed to improve the measuring precision and the anti-interference ability. The shape signal processing software system whose function contains error compensation, pattern recognition, establishment of the target shape and the close loop control calculation is built to implement the intelligentized shape meter. The shape meter has been test chronically on the 1250 mm cold strip mill of Angang Steel Company Limited and the test result indicates that the measuring signals were stable and reliable and the close loop control of shape was implemented.
Two-Section Model for Adsorption of Tinidazole on Carbon Steel Surface in 3%HCl Solution
Authors: Zhang Sheng Tao , Yin Lin Liang , Li Xiao
Published: August 2011

This paper has reported a two-section model based on Temkin isotherm for interpreting the adsorption and inhibition properties of tinidazole on 45# carbon steel surface. The results show that the repulsion behavior between the adsorbed molecules turns into interattraction as the concentration of inhibitor is over 400mg/L. And additionally, the withdrawal of adsorbed molecules back into the bulk solution becomes thermodynamically favorable due to the formation of hemi-micelles.
Influence of Annealing Temperature on Properties and Texture of High Strength IF Steel
Authors: Hu Kuan Hui , Zhou Shun Bing , Tian De Xin , Feng Guan Wen
Published: August 2011

Using the cold rolled High Strength IF Steel sheet of 1.0 mm thickness as the test material,the r value and recrystallization texture were investigated by the tensile test and X Radial Diffraction Device.The results show that the test steel were annealed by heating to 760°C,800°C,840°C and holding sixty seconds,and with the increase of the annealing temperature ,the recrystallization finished and the texture to obtain the full evolution,and the r value of the steel grown.After the annealing,the recrystallization texture shows strong γ-fiber texture,homogeneous γ-fiber and weak α-fiber texture,and the texture strength change rule with the annealing temperature change was gained.
Softening Kinetics in Nb-Microalloyed TRIP Steels with Increased Mn Content
Authors: Grajcar Adam , Kuziak Roman
Published: August 2011

Two 5Mn-1.5Al TRIP steels with and without Nb microaddition were developed in the present study. The steels contain bainite, martensite, interlath retained austenite and martensite- austenite islands. The paper presents the results of the compression tests carried out at various temperatures using the Gleeble simulator. To analyze the kinetics of static recrystallization in these steels, a softening kinetics were determined in a double-hit compression test. It was found that the dynamic recovery is a main thermally activated process occurring during hot deformation. The Nb microalloyed steel has higher flow stresses and peak strains than the Nb-free steel. A solute drag effect of Nb results in a slower softening kinetics of Nb containing steel. The effects of Mn on the retardation of Nb(C,N) precipitation and hot deformation characteristics are also discussed.
The Influences of Printing Conditions and Paper Properties on Wet Picking/Repellence of Offset Paper
Authors: Yang Yong Gang
Published: August 2011

The wet picking and wet repellence of offset papers were studied using IGT-gst2 printability tester according to change printing conditions as printing speed and the amount of fountain solutions. It was showed that the phenomena of wet picking and wet repellence occurred in turn on the surface of offset papers with increased printing speed and the amount of fountain solution. In addition, in contrast with fountain solutions, printing speed had greater influence on the phenomena of wet picking and wet repellence of offset papers.
Research on the Forming Mechanism of Micro-Moulds Based on Laminated Slip-Welding of Ultrathin Stainless Steel Foils
Authors: Xu Bin , Wu Xiao Yu , Luo Feng , Du Chen Lin , Sun Xiu Quan
Published: August 2011

To address the mainstream technology of UV-LIGA combined with micro-electroforming which could only fabricate micro-moulds cavity with vertical wall structure and low depth-to-width ratio, a new forming process based on femtosecond laser combined with laminated slip-welding was proposed in the paper. The forming process was achieved through experiment and it proved that the forming process could be a useful method for the process of micro-moulds with high depth-to-width ratio and complex structures. Work-pieces which were 0Cr18Ni9 stainless steel foils whose thickness was 20μm were welded by resistance welding machine and the microstructure of welding-zone was observed in detail. It was found that the welding-zone was composed of nugget zone, fusion zone and heat affected zone. Through the study of welding mechanism, the cooling rate of nugget zone was 3.99×104K/s and there was dynamic recrystallization in nugget zone. For further study, through the X-ray diffraction (XRD) test, it was found there were no chromium carbide and iron-copper eutectic alloy in nugget zone.
Research Advances on Security Problems of Underwater Sensor Networks
Authors: Jiang Hai Feng , Xu Yi
Published: August 2011

Research on underwater sensor networks (UWSN) is one of the hot research topics at present. For characteristics of UWSN, such as the severe environment, the huge propagation delay, and the limited link capacity, it suffers more security threats than conventional networks. In this paper, weakness and desired properties of UWSN are discussed, and several key aspects of the security and energy issue of UWSN are investigated.
Performance Analysis and Testing of Four-Quadrant Position Sensitive Detector
Authors: Guo Hong Wei , Liu Rong Qiang , Deng Zong Quan , Wu Qiu Shuang
Published: August 2011

The working principle of four-quadrant position sensitive detector(4Q-PSD) as a spot center position measurement detector is presented. Influence of the photoelectric non-uniformity of detector and background light on the detector measurement precision is analyzed. The operational circuit to solve the relationship of spot center position in the coordinates of detector and detector output voltage is designed. And the detector performance testing system based on laser alignment measurement is developed. The relationship between the output voltage of detector and the spot center position in the coordinates of detector is tested. The linearity of output voltage and spot center position in the uniaxial direction of the detector within a small range is good. The influence of measurement distance on the accuracy of the detector is tested. Method of 2-D plane calibration of the 4Q-PSD is proposed, and the detector is 2-D plane calibrated using proposed method. Which extended the available working range of the detector, and with higher measurement accuracy.
LDPE/LLDPE/APP Intumescent Flame Retardant Systems: Molding Parameters and Properties
Authors: Guo Yu Hua , Guo Jian Jun , Huang Zhen , Teng Li Jun
Published: August 2011

Low density polyethylene and linear low density polyethylene (LDPE/LLDPE (60wt.%/40wt.%))as basic materials, intumescent flame retardant ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was added into them to obtain fire retardant systems. The molding parameters, fire retardant properties, mechanical properties and processing properties of samples were examined. It was showed the rotational speed of main screw was 28-34rad/min. when samples were molded, cylinder temperature was 185-195°C, mold temperature was 85-115°C, preheating time was 5-10min and filling time was 8-21s. APP had good fire retardant and smoking suppression functions. Adding 30% (wt.%) APP can obtain grade of FV-0. With APP content increasing, the mechanical and processing properties of materials decreased.
Design of a High Precision Integrated Charge Detection Circuit Based on Quartz Gyroscope
Authors: Cao Yi Jiang , Zhang Er Dong , Cui Qian , Liu Xiao Wei
Published: August 2011

Used Three-stage op amp to design a good performance CMOS integrated charge detection based on quartz gyroscope. In the circuit design, using the PMOS full-differential input and the folded cascade structure, through adjusting the transistor parameters to reduce noise and improve the gain; .Set each transistor’s parameters based on 0.5µm process, use H-Spice software in detection circuit and demodulation circuit for simulation, parameter adjustment and verification. The simulation results contain: the open-loop gain gets to 128.13dB, phase margin 88°, SR gets to 2V/µs, the output noise is 38nV/ at 10kHz frequency, full output swing. The simulation results of output signal show that each 5×10-15C change of input charge amount can provide about 1mV change of output voltage. The voltage signal that obtained by the demodulation circuit compares with the input angular velocity signal has a very highly linearity.
Properties and Application of Waterborne Polyurethane/starch Composite Surface Sizing Agent
Authors: Guo Yu Hua , Li Shu Cai , Wang Gao Sheng
Published: August 2011

TDI as main isocyanate, IPDI as end-capping reagent, waterborne polyurethane (WPU) surface-sizing agent have been obtained by a pre–polymerization process. WPU were mixed with starch SSA in different proportion and a composite sizing agent obtained. It is indicated the water resistance, gloss and folding resistance of WPU/starch sized papers are much higher than starch sized papers. The ink absorption obviously decreases and the mechanical properties wholly increase. WPU/starch composite emulsions is a new kind of surface sizing agent having broad development prospects.
Road Adaptive Suspension Controller Based on Partial-State Feedback Gain Scheduling
Authors: Sun Tao , Gao Zhen , Xu Gui Hong
Published: August 2011

A new control algorithm combing Reduced-order observer, LQG and Fuzzy Logic Controller (RLFLC) is proposed to compromise the classical suspension conflict between riding comfort and driving safety. The RLFLC optimizes the weights of the performance indexes on line in accordance with variational suspension deflection and body acceleration to schedule the gain of LQG controller dynamically for achieving multiple control objectives. In particular, a reduced-order observer is introduced to estimate some state variables which are difficult to measure. Compared with the passive suspension and the conventional LQG control system, the simulation results show that RLFLC can be adaptive to vehicle speed and road conditions to improve not only the riding comfort at low speeds, but also driving safety at high speeds without violating the given suspension deflection limit
The Application of ISO WD 26262 for Automotive Embedded System
Authors: Zhang Hong Kun , Li Wen Jun
Published: August 2011

Safety is one of the key issues of future automotive development. With the trend of increasing functionality and complexity in automotive embedded system, there are increasing risks of functional failures. It is necessary to perform the functional safety process throughout the safety lifecycle of these systems. The appearance of the new functional safety standard ISO WD 26262 also makes the consideration of functional safety as part of the design and implementation process for these systems. This paper introduces the new standard ISO WD 26262 and analyses its features. The safety life cycle according to the new standard, activities necessary for the achievement of functional safety during the development phase are shown. An example application according to ISO WD 26262 is given and the process and methods of functional safety analysis in this example are proposed.