bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Slovenščina v Beneški Sloveniji in vloga dvojezične šole v Špetru pri medgeneracijskem prenosu jezika: stališča staršev
Authors: Mezgec Maja
Published: November 2018

Članek predstavlja prvi izsek raziskovalnega dela pri ciljnem raziskovalnem projektu Priložnosti in možnosti za ohranjanje oziroma revitalizacijo slovenščine med slovensko manjšinsko skupnostjo v sosednjih državah, namenjenem preučevanju stanja slovenskega jezika v Beneški Sloveniji. V kontekstu globalizacijskih procesov, evropskih integracijskih procesov, ugodnejših in trdnejših zakonskih podlag (t. i. zaščitnega zakona) ter predvsem zaradi prisotnosti dvojezične šole lahko oblikujemo hipotezo, da v Beneški Sloveniji obstajajo ugodne okoliščine za jezikovno revitalizacijo in deasimilacijo mlajših generacij, kar vključuje tudi ponovno učenje slovenščine med generacijami, pri katerih je medgeneracijski prenos jezika zastal. Iz zbranih podatkov je mogoče izluščiti, da je v prejšnji generaciji medgeneracijski prenos jezika pogosto zastal z začetkom šolanja oz. vstopom v vrtec, ki je zaznamoval prehod na italijanski jezik. Tudi zato je dvojezično šolanje za Beneško Slovenijo pomemben dosežek, vendar samo po sebi še ni zadosten pogoj za ohranjanje ali oživitev medgeneracijskega prenosa jezika. Potrebni so še drugi ukrepi jezikovnega načrtovanja in jezikovne politike. Ob tem gre poudariti, da se ti procesi razvijajo v okolju, ki je bolj naklonjeno slovenščini in dvojezičnosti, kot je bilo v preteklosti.
Model dvojezičnega pouka v Prekmurju in slovar kot didaktični pripomoček
Authors: Rudaš Jutka , Kolláth Anna
Published: November 2018

Model dvojezične vzgoje in izobraževanja sodi med dvosmerne modele ohranjanja dveh jezikov in kultur. V prvem delu prispevka predstavljamo uspešno uresničevanje dvojezičnega vzgojno-izobraževalnega procesa v Prekmurju s kratkim razvojnim lokom in izpostavimo najpomembnejše pogoje za njegovo izvajanje, vključno s podprtostjo izobraževanja učiteljev. Nato se posvetimo ključnim pomankljivostim modela: nedodelanosti didaktične plati dvojezičnega pouka in neustrezni usposobljenost učiteljev dvojezičnih šol na tem območju. Ena najpomembnejših poti do učinkovite usvojitve (strokovno)jezikovne strukture in uporabe jezika so dvojezični učbeniki in drugi učni pripomočki. Pri rabi učnih pripomočkov gre za zahtevno in pomembno spretnost, zato je ključnega pomena, da se učitelji, pa tudi učenci, dodatno usposobijo za delo z njimi. Slovar kot didaktični pripomoček ni zgolj sredstvo za informiranje, ampak osnova za razvijanje spretnosti na različnih jezikovni ravneh. Na podlagi teh ugotovitev v drugem delu prispevka najprej podajamo pregled obstoječih dvojezičnih madžarsko-slovenskih oz. slovensko-madžarskih slovarjev in ostalih učnih gradiv, nato pa predstavimo dva nedavna projekta, katerih cilji so usmerjeni v izdelavo dvojezičnih slovarjev, učnih gradiv in izboljševanje kompetenc učiteljev v dvojezičnih šolah v Prekmurju. V zaključku strnemo glavne ugotovitve in ponudimo razmisleke o naslednjih korakih za izboljšavo dvojezičnega modela izobraževanja.
Simulaciones computacionales: hacia un análisis de dos concepciones antagónicas
Authors: Duran Juan Manuel
Published: November 2018

In this article I propose an analysis of two opposing viewpoints on the notion of computer simulation. The first one, proposed by Stephan Hartmann, has been adopted by philosophers who believe that computer simulations can be understood by means of a familiar philosophy, such as a philosophy of scientific models or a philosophy of scientific experimentation. The second notion belongs to Paul Humphreys, who suggests that computer simulations are objects of genuine philosophical interest, and that understanding their nature allows us to understand their role in current scientific practice.
Condiciones de identidad para organismos
Authors: Alvarado José Tomás , Unwin Cristóbal
Published: November 2018

In this work it is proposed that the conditions of identity for biological organisms are given by the following principle: for all organisms x and y, x = y if and only if x has been caused by the self-preserving activity of y. This principle determines both the inter-temporal identity of organisms and the identity of organism in different possible worlds. It unifies what can be supposed about conditions of identity coming from —at least— three different conceptions about the nature of biological organisms, those of RobertWilson, Thomas Pradeu and Ellen Clarke. These conceptions are presented and compared.
Minimalism and Phenomenological Evidence
Authors: Marechal Patricia
Published: November 2018

It has been recently argued that the phenomenology of semantic perception casts doubts on Grice’s theory of meaning. I defend the psychological and theoretical plausibility of a form of Gricean minimalism, by setting new boundaries to the semantic-pragmatic distinction. This strategy consists in abandoning the entailment from what is said to what is meant, and advancing a conception of the semantic notion of what is said that departs from speaker-hearers’ intuitions. This proposal has important consequences both concerning the evidence that should be used by philosophers of language when evaluating semantic theories, and the way we should carve up linguistic processing.
Ideal reasoners don’t believe in zombies
Authors: Fraga Dantas Danilo
Published: November 2018

The negative zombie argument states that p&~q is ideally negatively conceivable and, therefore, possible, what would entail that physicalism is false (Chalmers, 2002, 2010}. In the argument, p is the conjunction of the fundamental physical truths and laws and $q$ is a phenomenal truth. A sentence phi is ideally negatively conceivable iff phi cannot be ruled out a priori on ideal rational reflection. In this paper, I argue that if its premises are true, the negative zombie argument is neither conclusive (valid) nor a priori. First, I argue that the argument is sound iff there exists a finite ideal reasoner R for a logic x with the relevant properties which believes <>(p&~q) on the basis of not believing p->q on a priori basis. A finite reasoner is a reasoner with finite memory and finite computational power.  I argue that if x has the relevant properties and R is finite, then x must be nonmonotonic and R may only approach ideallity at the limit of a reasoning sequence. This would render the argument nonconclusive. Finally, I argue that, for some q, R does not believe <>(p&~q) on the basis of not believing p->q on a priori basis. For example, for q=`someone is conscious'. I conclude that the negative zombie argument (and, maybe, all zombie arguments) is neither conclusive nor a priori (the choice of q relies on empirical information).
Historicidad, realismo y verdad
Authors: Gómez Rincon Carlos Miguel
Published: November 2018

This paper argues that the historical character of our knowledge is compatible with both ontological and epistemological realism. The first part critically analyses the thesis according to which the situated nature of our cognitive practices implies that they do not refer to an extra-linguistic reality. The second section explores the claim that realism is a necessary presupposition of our communicative practices and the final part outlines the principles of a pluralist realism.
Editorial: 20 anos de Principia, dedicado à memória do Prof. Oswaldo Porchat.
Authors: Principia Revista
Published: November 2018

Editorial: 20 Years of Principia, dedicated to the memory of Prof. Oswaldo Porchat. Interview with Luiz Henrique Dutra.
A experiência perceptual na perspectiva da teoria da percepção direta
Authors: Broens Mariana Claudia
Published: November 2018

The objective of this paper is to analyse the concept of skilful action underlying the studies of perceptual experience, especially the visual one, from the perspective of the theory of direct perception. The problem we propose to investigate can be formulated as follows: what are the possible contributions of the concept of affordance to understand the nature of skilful actions generally attributed to processes resulting from internal representations or mental models? In particular, we will try to investigate to what extent the concept of social affordance (as a possibility of action that the bodies of the organisms offer directly to other organisms) can help to understand aspects of complex skilful actions that involve capacities considered as deriving from the possession of a Theory of Mind. We will try to show that the perspective of the ecological psychology of direct perception (Gibson 1986, Turvey 1992, Petrusz & Turvey 2010) allows to understand aspects of human skilled action, especially of a collaborative nature, from a conception of perceptual experience that involves information intrinsically significant.
A geometria como instrumento heurístico da reformulação da termodinâmica na representação de ciclos para a de potenciais
Authors: Silva Jojomar Lucena , Chiappin José Raimundo Novaes
Published: November 2018

History shows that up to 1870’s, the thermodynamic cycles, particularly Carnot’s cycle, were the most important heuristic instruments as much to formulate the general laws of physics as well to deduce the experimental laws. From this moment on, this instrument falls into disuse with surprising rapidity. At the end of this decade emerges a new thermodynamic formulation, proposed by Gibbs, the thermodynamics of the potentials. This sudden transition from thermodynamic of cycles to potentials was triggered by the difficult to approach the emergence of the phase transition phenomena with the diagrammatic method. The main objective of the article is, then, to analyze the consequences of the substitution, by Gibbs, of the diagrammatic by the geometric method, particularly, its heuristic potential related to the proposal of the formulation of the thermodynamic of potentials.
Understanding without Justification and Belief?
Authors: Park Seungbae
Published: November 2018

Dellsén (2016a) argues that understanding requires neither justification nor belief. I object that ridding understanding of justification and belief comes with the following costs. (i) No claim about the world can be inferred from what we understand. (ii) We run into either Moore’s paradox or certain disconcerting questions. (iii) Understanding does not represent the world. (iv) Understanding cannot take the central place in epistemology. (v) Understanding cannot be invoked to give an account of scientific progress. (vi) It is not clear how misunderstanding arises.
The Rietdijk-Putnam (Penrose) Argument.
Authors: Marques Elton Martins
Published: November 2018

In this paper, I discuss an argument inspired by the relativity of simultaneity (RoS). That argument purports to establish views such as four-dimensionalism, eternalism and, chiefly, determinism. I will present the most important versions of the argument and point out the differences between them — including Gödel’s version and the idealistic view of time that naturally goes with it. Gödel’s version differs from the others in that he doesn’t endorse determinism. The argument depends crucially on how one interprets Special Relativity (SR). In addition, defenders of the argument make certain semantic and epistemic claims, which lead to an alleged incompatibility between indeterminism and our best theory of time. At the end, I will describe the main reactions to the argument and I will make some general remarks on each of them.
Against a Metaphysical Understanding of Rejection
Authors: Rubin Mariela , Roffé Ariel
Published: November 2018

In this article, we defend that incorporating a rejection operator into a paraconsistent language involves fully specifying its inferential characteristics within the logic. To do this, we examine a recent proposal by Berto (2014) for a paraconsistent rejection, which — according to him — avoids paradox, even when introduced into a language that contains self-reference and a transparent truth predicate. We will show that this proposal is inadequate because it is too incomplete. We argue that the reason it avoids trouble is that the inferential characteristics of the new operator are left (mostly) unspecified, exporting the task of specifying them to metaphysicians. Additionally, we show that when completing this proposal with some plausible rules for the rejection operator, paradoxes do arise. Finally, we draw some more general implications from the study of this example.
Situations and the Liar Paradoxes
Authors: Cardoso Guilherme Araújo
Published: November 2018

In this paper we intend to outline an introduction to Situation Theory as an approach to the liar paradoxes. This idea was first presented by the work of Barwise and Etchemendy (in their (1987)). First (section 1) we introduce the paradoxes in their most appealing and important versions. Second (section 2) we show that non-classical approaches on the problem usually get puzzled by the revenge problem on one side and loss of expressive power on the other side. Last (sections 3 and 4), we present Situation Theory and try to show how it is capable of solving the old paradoxes and blocking revenge. The price we pay on this view is universality, since it would allow a new revenge situated liar. We don’t intend to address the problem of universality here, but we try at least to motivate the reader to make sense of this theory.
Dialetheists’ Lies About the Liar
Authors: Arenhart Jonas R. B. , Melo Ederson S.
Published: November 2018

Liar-like paradoxes are typically arguments that, by using very intuitive resources of natural language, end up in contradiction. Consistent solutions to those paradoxes usually have difficulties either because they restrict the expressive power of the language, or else because they fall prey to extended versions of the paradox. Dialetheists, like Graham Priest, propose that we should take the Liar at face value and accept the contradictory conclusion as true. A logical treatment of such contradictions is also put forward, with the Logic of Paradox (LP), which should account for the manifestations of the Liar. In this paper we shall argue that such a formal approach, as advanced by Priest, is unsatisfactory. In order to make contradictions acceptable, Priest has to distinguish between two kinds of contradictions, internal and external, corresponding, respectively, to the conclusions of the simple and of the extended Liar. Given that, we argue that while the natural interpretation of LP was intended to account for true and false sentences, dealing with internal contradictions, it lacks the resources to tame external contradictions. Also, the negation sign of LP is unable to represent internal contradictions adequately, precisely because of its allowance of sentences that may be true and false. As a result, the formal account suffers from severe limitations, which make it unable to represent the contradiction obtained in the conclusion of each of the paradoxes.
Models & Proofs: LFIs Without a Canonical Interpretations
Authors: Barrio Eduardo Alejandro
Published: November 2018

In different papers, Carnielli, W. & Rodrigues, A. (2012), Carnielli, W. Coniglio, M. & Rodrigues, A. (2017) and Rodrigues & Carnielli, (2016) present two logics motivated by the idea of capturing contradictions as conflicting evidence. The first logic is called BLE (the Basic Logic of Evidence) and the second—that is a conservative extension of BLE—is named LETJ (the Logic of Evidence and Truth). Roughly, BLE and LETJ are two non-classical (paraconsistent and paracomplete) logics in which the Laws of Explosion (EXP) and Excluded Middle (PEM) are not admissible. LETJ is built on top of BLE. Moreover, LETJ is a Logic of Formal Inconsistency (an LFI). This means that there is an operator that, roughly speaking, identifies a formula as having classical behavior. Both systems are motivated by the idea that there are different conditions for accepting or rejecting a sentence of our natural language. So, there are some special introduction and elimination rules in the theory that are capturing different conditions of use. Rodrigues & Carnielli’s paper has an interesting and challenging idea. According to them, BLE and LETJ are incompatible with dialetheia. It seems to show that these paraconsistent logics cannot be interpreted using truth-conditions that allow true contradictions. In short, BLE and LETJ talk about conflicting evidence avoiding to talk about gluts. I am going to argue against this point of view. Basically, I will firstly offer a new interpretation of BLE and LETJ that is compatible with dialetheia. The background of my position is to reject the one canonical interpretation thesis: the idea according to which a logical system has one standard interpretation. Then, I will secondly show that there is no logical basis to fix that Rodrigues & Carnielli’s interpretation is the canonical way to establish the content of logical notions of BLE and LETJ . Furthermore, the system LETJ captures inside classical logic. Then, I am also going to use this technical result to offer some further doubts about the one canonical interpretation thesis.
Análise da associação do efeito da recepção com os procedimentos de jogo no voleibol de alto nível brasileiro: o caso da equipe campeã da Superliga Feminina
Authors: Costa Gustavo De Conti Teixeira , Maia Mariana Pereira , Rocha Augusto Cézar Rodrigues , Martins Leonardo Rodrigues , Gemente Flórence Rosana Faganello , Campos Mário Hebling , Milistetd Michel , Freire Auro Barreiros
Published: November 2018

The present study aimed to analyze the association between effect of reception and game procedures practiced by the women’s “superliga” champion team in the side-out, as well as the behavior of the opposing central blocker, according to the performance level of the opposing team. The sample was composed of the observation of 21 games of the 2015-2016 Women’s “Superliga” champion team. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, SPSS software version 20.0 for Windows and significance of p≤0.05. The results showed that there was an association between performance level of the opposing team with the effect of reception (χ2=12.96 and ɸ =0,14, p=0,01), as well the effect of reception with the central blocker disposal (χ2=13.70 and ɸ =0.14, p=0.01), with the attack tempo (χ2=353.27 and ɸ =0.72, p<0.001), with the attack site (χ2=91.05 and ɸ =0.36, p<0.001) and the attack effect (χ2=30.11 and ɸ =0.21, p<0.001) according to the performance level of the opposing team. Together, the results showed that there were differences in the game procedures according to the opposing team classification, contributing to a better understanding of the game played in high-level women’s volleyball.
Neck circumference as a discriminator of obesity in older women enrolled in a physical activity program
Authors: Petreça Daniel Rogério , Menezes Enaiane Cristina , Sandreschi Paula Fabricio , Fank Felipe , Mazo Giovana Zarpellon
Published: November 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate neck circumference (NC) as a discriminator of overweight and obesity and to establish cut-off points for physically active older women. The sample consisted of 170 older women (69.5 ± 6.8 years) practicing physical activity. Anthropometric measures (body weight, height, waist circumference – WC, and NC) were obtained and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Correlation analysis was performed and ROC curves were constructed. NC was significantly correlated with BMI (rho = 0.656; p<0.0001) and WC (r = 0.561; p<0.0001). Correlating BMI with NC, areas under the ROC curve of 0.819 (p=0.0001) for overweight and of 0.902 (p=0.0001) for obesity were obtained, with suggested cut-off points of 33.07 and 34.05 cm, respectively. Correlating WC with NC, areas under the ROC curve of 0.711 (p=0.0014) for moderate risk (WC) and of 0.864 (p=0.0001) for high risk were obtained, with suggested cut-off points of 32.15 and 34.15 cm, respectively. NC was associated with BMI and WC. An NC ≥ 34 cm was a risk factor for obesity and abnormal body fat distribution in the older women studied. This anthropometric parameter is an alternative to discriminate overweight and obesity in physically active older women.
Efeitos de longo prazo do treinamento resistido na pressão arterial: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Rocha Paulo Eduardo Carnaval Pereira da , Silva Vladimir Schuindt da , Camacho Luiz Antonio Bastos , Vasconcelos Ana Glória Godoi
Published: November 2018

Studies assessed the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise on blood pressure (BP); however, few studies have evaluated the effects of long-term resistance training on variations of this response. The aim of the study was to verify through a systematic review, the long-term effect of resistance training on BP. Searches were made on Medline through Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science and Lilacs databases. Overall, 751 articles were found, of which 22 were further analyzed. The analysis followed the PRISMA checklist (Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Studies) and was divided according to two resistance training models: traditional resistance training (TRT), resistance training alone; or combined resistance training (CRT), resistance training associated with aerobic exercise. Greater BP reductions occurred for CRT compared to TRT. However, further studies are needed to better explicit the resistance training variables (number of exercises, repetitions, number of sets, intervals, speed of execution and load intensity), in order to identify the best training model and improve the methodological quality of experiments in an attempt to reduce the risk of bias.
Aptidão física relacionada ao desempenho esportivo na ginástica artística
Authors: Lemos Carla Fabiane dos Santos , Santos Danilo Reis dos , Soares Nara Michelle Moura
Published: November 2018

The practice of artistic gymnastics for children and adolescents develop both motor vocabulary, cognitive aspects and affective partners. The aim of the study was to analyze physical fitness characteristics related to sports performance of adolescents practicing artistic gymnastics. This study is a systematic review and used the following databases: Scielo, PubMed and SportDiscus, with no starting date and using as final cutoff the month of February 2017. The search strategy was based on the identification of the Population of adolescents practicing artistic gymnastics and outcome related to physical fitness characteristics related to sports performance, and allowed verifying how studies were evaluated. There was a predominance of studies related to anthropometric variables, such as BMI and body fat percentage (%F) of gymnasts. Based on this type of study, the information available in this study will contribute to help physical education professionals and other researchers in the field with current publications related to these aspects, according to the results of this study, particularly in the pedagogical information for coaches.
Efeito do método pilates na força dos músculos inspiratórios e expiratórios em idosos
Authors: Tozim Beatriz Mendes , Navega Marcelo Tavella
Published: November 2018

With aging, the respiratory muscle strength decreases and the pilates method is a technique that uses respiration as one of its principles. The present study has the aim of analyzing the influence of the pilates method on respiratory muscle strength in older women. For the evaluation of respiratory muscle strength (inspiratory and expiratory), manovacuometer was used. Thirty-one older women were divided into two groups: 14 participated in the pilates group and 17 in the control group. Participants of the pilates group performed 16 sessions of pilates method with an hour of training, twice week for eight weeks. The control group participated in four educational lectures for eight weeks. For statistical analysis, Shapiro-Wilk, ANOVA for repeated measures (p <0.05) and Cohen’s D index were performed. The results showed significant difference and the mean effect for the Cohen’s D index expiratory muscle strength of the pilates group when comparing before (69.71 ± 25.48) and after (85.23 ± 22.21) training (p<0.05) with an increase of 23%. The results of inspiratory muscle strength were not significant but presented an average effect for the Cohen’s D index for the pilates group before (69.71 ± 35.46) and after (88.00 ± 34.87) training, with an increase of 27%. The control group did not present significant differences for the variables evaluated. It could be concluded that the pilates method is effective in improving expiratory muscle strength and provides positive effects on the increase in inspiratory muscle strength.
Tracking da atividade física em adolescentes entre 2010 e 2014
Authors: Silva Paula Roldão da , Santos Géssika Castilho dos , Faria Waynne Ferreira de , Corrêa Renan Camargo , Elias Rui Gonçalves Marques , Neto Antonio Stabelini
Published: November 2018

Even though the benefits of regular physical activity (PA) are well established, national tracking studies are still scarce. The aim of the study was to analyze the tracking of physical activity (PA) in 2010, 2012 and 2014 of adolescents from Jacarezinho, Paraná. Adolescents (ages: 15.6 ± 0.6 years) were evaluated in 2014, who had participated in the 2010 and 2012 surveys. The Baecke questionnaire was used to evaluate the physical activity fields: school, sports and leisure time. ANOVA for repeated measures was used to compare the physical activity index (PAI) in years 2010, 2012 and 2014. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to relate PAI obtained in 2014 with previous years. Significant reduction was observed in both sexes in the total and school index in 2012 and 2014 in relation to 2010. The leisure time index also presented a significant reduction in male sex from 2012 to 2014 (p<0.05). In the correlation between 2014 and the previous years, boys demonstrated weak association in the leisure index in 2010 (rho=0.292). In the female sex, values were significant in the leisure time and total indexes (rho=0.263; rho=0.307) in 2010 and in the sports and total indexes (rho=0.337; rho=0.332) in 2012. The research indicates that PA of adolescents decreased with age advancement, resulting in low to moderate tracking.
Repetibilidade e aplicação de testes de nado estacionário para nadadores recreacionais
Authors: Gomes Lara Elena , Batista Ingrid Thaiane Soares , Jesus Brunno Leonardo Cruz Ferreira de
Published: November 2018

Tethered swimming tests are applied to evaluate propulsive forces in crawl stroke and may also be used to evaluate force applied by the movement of lower (leg kicking) and upper limbs (arm stroke). Considering the large number of recreational swimmers, this tool may be useful for coaches to evaluate the technique and force production by swimmers. As little attention has been paid to the application of these tests with recreational swimmers, the aims of this study were to verify the repeatability of the tethered swimming test for arm stroke, leg kicking and crawl stroke and to verify the relationship between performance in a 50-m test and in the tethered test with recreational swimmers. In this case, repeatability was defined as the agreement between the results of two successive evaluations. Ten male swimmers performed two 30-s maximal intensity tethered swimming tests with leg kicking, arm stroke and crawl stroke and three 50-m crawl stroke tests. Repeatability was found for mean force of all tests and for impulse evaluated in crawl stroke. Inverse relationship of the time to complete 50 m with the maximum and mean forces and with the impulse in the crawl stroke and an inverse relationship between time to complete 50 m and the mean force in the leg kicking were observed. Therefore, results from full tethered swimming tests applied with recreational swimmers may help swimming coaches.
Efeito do treinamento com restrição parcial do fluxo sanguíneo em adultos mais velhos e idosos: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Cardoso Rodrigo Kohn , Araujo Aline Machado , Freitas Matheus Pintanel de , Rombaldi Airton José
Published: November 2018

Low-intensity training with blood flow restriction (BFR) has been suggested as an alternative to physical training for older adults. The present study aimed to review the literature regarding the effect of training with BFR for older adults. The search strategyconsisted of experimental studies aimed at verifying the effects of training with BFR on any outcome in older adults. An electronic search in PubMed / Medline, Bireme Scielo, Lilacs and Cochrane Library databases, published until December 2015 was conducted. Experimental studies that considered individuals aged 50 years and over published in English or Portuguese, were included. The Downs & Black scale was used to assess the methodological quality of articles. Of the 60 studies, 12 were included in the review. Training with BFR improved body mass, torque and muscle power; functional capacity; bone health; venous compliance; peak oxygen uptake; and blood flow; balance and overall performance. The methodological quality of studies had mean score of 16.2 points (SD = 1.6). The prescription of low-intensity exercises with BFR may be an alternative of training for older adults. However, future studies should address the methodological quality, especially external validity and power, the main gaps in articles reviewed in this study.
Modulação autonômica cardíaca em crianças obesas e eutróficas: revisão sistemática e metanálise
Authors: Santos Pábula Oliveira dos , Borges Grasiely Faccin
Published: November 2018

This study aimed to verify the influence of childhood obesity on the regulation of cardiac autonomic modulation through the heart rate variability of obese and eutrophic children. The study consisted of a systematic review and meta-analysis in five PubMed, Scielo, Cochrane Library, BVS/Lilacs and Medline databases. Of the 60 articles found, 15 met the pre-established criteria. These studies were submitted to evaluation of methodological quality and risk of bias, and the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Prevalence Studies (JBI) was applied. Meta-analysis was performed with the Review Manager 5.3 software for variables related to the alteration of cardiac autonomic modulation. Fifteen studies were used for meta-analysis, all were classified with high methodological quality (7 to 9 points), 13 presented results showing alteration of autonomic cardiac modulation in obese children in comparison with eutrophic children, and only two presented indicatives that refute this hypothesis. The present study identified reduction in the parasympathetic activity of the obese group in relation to the eutrophic group through the variables studied. The use of RMSSD, pNN50 and SDNN variables is recommended in future studies, as their results were significant for this meta-analysis.
The prevalence of global physical activity among young people: a systematic review for the Report Card Brazil 2018
Authors: Barbosa Filho Valter Cordeiro , Costa Rafael Martins da , Knebel Margarethe Thaisi Garro , Oliveira Bruno Nunes de , Silva Camila Brasileiro de Araújo , Silva Kelly Samara da
Published: November 2018

The aim of this study was to summarize data on the prevalence of global physical activity (PA) among children and adolescents in Brazil. This systematic review included an electronic search in 8 databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, SPORTDiscus, BIREME, Scielo, and Google Scholar) and a manual search in the references of retrieved studies. Observational studies that assessed global PA among Brazilian children and adolescents were included. A narrative approach toward results was adopted. An initial database search reached 3276 potentially relevant titles (2534 titles after duplicate analysis); 92 (62 different studies) met all inclusion criteria. Studies were carried out between 2001 and 2015; most studies were conducted in Southern and Northeastern Brazil. Three were nationwide surveys (4.8%), but no studies included children aged 0-5 years. Eighteen different instruments for PA measurement were used; only two studies used objectively-measured PA. The most used definition was ≥ 300 minutes/week of moderate-to-vigorous PA. The overall proportion of young people who were physically active ranged from 6.5% to 92.3%. Fourteen studies (22.6%) found a prevalence of ≥ 50%. Three nationwide surveys reported the prevalence of physically active students ranging from 29.0% to 66.0%. A wide variability of PA estimates were found. Important research gaps (e.g., studies with objectively-measured PA, children aged up to 6 years-old and in Northern Brazil) should be considered to develop new research studies in Brazil.
The prevalence of Active Play in Brazilian children and adolescents: a systematic review
Authors: Mendes Anselmo Alexandre , Lopes Wendell Arthur , Locateli João Carlos , De Oliveira Gustavo Henrique , Bim Ricardo Henrique , Simões Caroline Ferraz , Mendes Victor Hugo De Souza , Dos Santos Melo Ana Maria Ceolim , Nardo Junior Nelson
Published: November 2018

A systematic review of the prevalence of Active Play in Brazilian children and adolescents was performed. Only fully available scientific papers that measured Active Play or leisure time physical activity independently from other types of physical activity in Brazilian children and/or adolescents were considered for inclusion. The search for potential articles was performed on the following electronic databases: Pubmed/Medline, Web of Science, Bireme, Scielo and Scopus. Initially, 63 papers met the eligibility criteria. However, after deeply analyzed, seven studies remained and were included in the present review. The overall prevalence of Active Play was 36%, in which varied from 27.2% to 79.3%. Boys presented a prevalence of 47%, ranging from 39,1% to 79.9%, while the prevalence in girls reached 26%, varying from 13.9% to 78.7%. Although the prevalence of Active Play in Brazil in not satisfactory, the potential to present a reliable data regarding this theme should be highlighted. In agreement with some other studies, boys presented a higher prevalence of physical activity than girls. Also, any socioeconomic pattern regarding the prevalence of Active Play in children and adolescents was observed when the results from this study were compared to other studies developed in other countries from several socioeconomic status. The Active Play should be further investigated individually, as a pivotal component of physical activity, as well as its impact on physical inactivity-related comorbidities.
Flexibilidade em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Batista Kenia Rejane de Oliveira , Couto Josiene De Oliveira , Oliveira Mona Gizelle Dreger de , Silva Roberto Jeronimo dos Santos
Published: November 2018

Flexibility is a health-related physical fitness component that has its importance related to the maintenance of functional independence and achievement of activities of the daily living. This systematic review aims to analyze the existing evidence in the literature regarding physical capacity flexibility in Brazilian children and adolescents. Searches were conducted in the Virtual Health Library, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Sportdiscus databases through the EBSCOhost and Pubmed platform. There were 89,553 articles, of which 69,197 were excluded for duplicity, 20,124 for the title, 160 for the abstract, 56 after a full analysis of the article, remaining 16 articles for the qualitative analysis. Of these, from the reading of references, 57 titles partially eligible for the review were identified, and after the application of the eligibility criteria, there were only 18 for the qualitative analysis. Of the 34 studies included for the qualitative analysis, 25 studies were excluded and nine were included in the review. All articles presented the cross-sectional design and used the sit-and-reach test to assess flexibility. It was evidenced that: a) flexibility has been treated as co-adjuvant in studies with children and adolescents; b) although females have absolute flexibility values greater than the opposite sex, males have higher frequency of subjects that meet the health classification criteria in this variable; c) there is greater prevalence of the use of FITNESSGRAM and PROESP-BR reference standards.
Abdominal muscular endurance in Brazilian children and adolescents: systematic review of cross-sectional studies
Authors: Davoli Gabriela Barroso de Queiroz , Lima Luiz Rodrigo Augustemak , Silva Diego Augusto Santos
Published: November 2018

The literature has demonstrated the importance of musculoskeletal fitness in the prevention of chronic noncommunicable diseases. Although current recommendations of physical activities include strengthening and muscular endurance aspects, little is known about the muscular endurance levels of children and adolescents in a national scope. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature to identify the prevalence of Brazilian children and adolescents who meet health criteria for muscular endurance. A hierarchical search was conducted in four databases (MEDLINE; Scopus; SciELO; LILACS) using the following terms: “muscular endurance”, “muscle endurance”, “physical fitness”, “child”, “adolescent”, “adults” “school” and correspondents in the Portuguese language. Overall, 2,652 articles (2,269 had their title and abstract read) were found and 70 were eligible for reading in full. Seventeen studies were reviewed and evaluated for risk of bias. Among 32,661 children and adolescents, only 40.2% of boys and 31.9% of girls presented abdominal muscular endurance adequate for health, and most studies were conducted in the southern region of Brazil. The variability in procedures for evaluating abdominal muscular endurance and cut-points used for interpretation occurred due to the use of different standardizations (PROESP/BR®, FITNESSGRAM® and AAHPERD®). Less than half of Brazilian adolescents of both sexes have adequate abdominal muscular endurance for health. Studies investigating the causes and consequences of inadequate abdominal muscular endurance may contribute to strategies for disease prevention and health promotion of children and adolescents.
Problemas de comparação de razões: uma avaliação do raciocínio proporcional de alunos do sexto ano
Authors: Viana Odalea Aparecida , Miranda Juliene Azevedo
Published: November 2018

O artigo compara as estratégias de resolução de dois problemas de comparação utilizadas por alunos do sexto ano em dois momentos: antes e após uma intervenção didática aplicada com o objetivo de introduzir os conceitos de razão e proporção. Foram sujeitos 15 alunos de uma escola particular e a intervenção foi planejada no âmbito do mestrado profissional e aplicada durante as aulas em período normal. A análise indicou que, embora boa parte dos alunos já dispusesse, antes da intervenção didática, de esquemas de covariação e de invariância, isto não facilitou a solução do primeiro problema. Após a intervenção, vários alunos apresentaram os esquemas recompostos e enriquecidos em linguagem simbólica adequada, mas nem todos acertaram e justificaram o problema. Na perspectiva de Gérard Vergnaud, esta investigação permite mostrar que o processo de aquisição dos conceitos de razão e proporção é de natureza bastante complexa, e que são necessárias muitas situações para que esses conceitos e os procedimentos requeridos para a solução de problemas adquiram, de fato, sentido para o aluno.
Tendências metodológicas no ensino de matemática: ciclo de alfabetização
Authors: Freitas Fabrício Monte , Pereira Elaine Correa , Machado Celiane Costa , Da Silva João Alberto
Published: November 2018

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo fazer um levantamento das principais tendências metodológicas no ensino de Matemática no ciclo de alfabetização do Ensino Fundamental. Para isso buscamos, em periódicos com sua denominação a palavra Matemática. Foram encontrados, de um total de 2591 artigos, 16 que tratavam de alguma tendência metodológica para o ensino de Matemática no ciclo de alfabetização. Para analise dos dados encontrados, utilizamos a análise de conteúdo que serviu para que encontrássemos três categorias de tendências metodológicas: 1) Materiais concretos e Jogos, 2) Modelagem Matemática e Resolução de Problemas e 3) Tecnologias. Além disso, percebemos a influência da formação de professores – inicial ou continuada – no desenvolvimento das tendências. Assim, concluímos que estas se encontram distribuídas de forma homogênea entre as três categorias citadas. Além disso, a formação dos docentes mostrou-se importante para o desenvolvimento das mesmas.
O caderno de um professor e as suas relações com o saber matemático
Authors: Valente Wagner Rodrigues
Published: November 2018

Este texto analisa um caderno intitulado “Caderno de Prática, Rocha, SP, 1958”. Refere-se, provavelmente, a um material fruto de curso ministrado a professores dos primeiros anos escolares. Atém-se às páginas destinadas à “Metodologia da Aritmética”, pois há no Caderno várias outras rubricas escolares. Na análise, mobilizam-se categorias como “saber a ensinar”, “saber para ensinar”, “relação com o saber”, dentre outas. O estudo conclui pela existência de uma “matemática para ensinar ensinada” resultado das relações como o saber mantida entre a formação inicial e a docência. Em particular, revela como se constitui a “aritmética para ensinar ensinada” fruto de apropriações de propostas da modernidade pedagógica.
Entre percursos formativos e comunidades de aprendentes: políticas curriculares para a educação integral no Brasil
Authors: Dias Silva Roberto Rafael
Published: November 2018

O presente artigo examina os regimes de implementação das políticas curriculares de ampliação da jornada escolar desenvolvidas nos Estados do Rio Grande do Sul e de Santa Catarina. Ao inscrever-se no campo dos Estudos Curriculares, procurou-se compreender seus processos de seleção e organização do conhecimento escolar. As políticas examinadas são implementadas a partir de duas noções distintas e complementares, quais sejam: percursos formativos e comunidades de aprendentes. Constatou-se, através de uma análise textual dos documentos curriculares orientadores das referidas políticas, uma significativa preocupação com os processos de seleção dos conhecimentos escolares a serem ensinados; todavia, ainda se notaram algumas dificuldades para indicar os critérios orientadores para as referidas escolhas, bem como as racionalidades pedagógicas que justificam sua implementação.
A vida cotidiana da escola expressa um cotidiano? Aproximações ontológicas em debate
Authors: Torriglia Patricia Laura , Feiten Cisne Margareth
Published: November 2018

O presente texto, de natureza teórico conceitual, discute, a partir da ontologia crítica, a produção de conhecimento, os processos de conhecer, ensinar e aprender, bem como as bases ontológicas que consolidam tais processos. A partir de nossos estudos baseados na perspectiva do materialismo histórico-dialético – Lukács, Rubinstein Sheptulin e Heller – e do trabalho de formação que viemos desenvolvendo junto ao Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa em Ontologia Critica – GEPOC, defendemos como premissa preliminar a preexistência do mundo objetivo independente de nossa consciência, o que implica considerá-lo como possuidor de uma base material que o sustenta e permite, por meio dessa materialidade, que é processual e histórica, estabelecer um conhecimento objetivo sobre si, isto é, uma inteligibilidade do mundo. Nesta direção, em um primeiro momento, abordaremos algumas questões sobre o conhecimento e seu processo de apropriação a partir da base supracitada. Posteriormente, aprofundaremos o conceito de cotidiano escolar e de vida cotidiana, seus conteúdos e sua forma de transmissão e apropriação de conhecimentos, e a relação com a didática. Finalizaremos apresentando questões que nos possibilitem novas investigações.
Considerações sobre a passagem da República de Platão que trata da Mousiké (II, 376 d9 – III, 403 c8)
Authors: Ribeiro Luís Felipe Bellintani
Published: November 2018

O trecho II 376 d9 – III 403 c8 da República de Platão, em que Sócrates e seus interlocutores tratam da mousiké, pode ser cirurgicamente demarcado e isolado, e desse universo enxuto se pode tirar farto material positivo para remontar o que seria uma “estética platônica”, em sentido normativo. Por outro lado, o conteúdo deste “tratado da música” está tão organicamente articulado com o restante da obra, que sua leitura pode propiciar, ao invés, uma consideração do todo do projeto platônico, para além dos limites do tratado, e do papel aí desempenhado pela sensação, pelo belo e pela arte.
Contribuições do ensaio como experiência formadora do estagiário em filosofia
Authors: Voloski Gilson Luís
Published: November 2018

O texto reflete sobre as contribuições do ensaio como experiência formadora do estagiário no ensino de filosofia. Objetiva destacar suas potencialidades na relação teoria e prática como formação para a autonomia docente. A reflexão tem por referência concreta a experiência de acompanhamento de estágios pelo autor, como professor orientador, em escolas da cidade de Florianópolis. Com base nas contribuições conceituais de Theodor Adorno, apresenta-se a modalidade ensaio como abordagem pedagógica crítica orientadora à prática de ensino e, ao mesmo tempo, como exercício de elaboração textual sobre a experiência de ensinar. A sistematização escrita como atividade conceitual reflexiva sobre a prática pedagógica é processo de autoconhecimento. É nessa atividade de pensar a própria ação que o estagiário também se autoforma como docente.
Avaliação formal em filosofia: considerações dirigidas ao ensino médio
Authors: Prates Marcelo , Persegueiro Antonio Carlos
Published: November 2018

O texto aborda a avaliação formal e discute a retomada de sentido junto à elaboração e operacionalização desta atividade. Foca-se na Disciplina de Filosofia, ofertada no Ensino Médio (Educação Geral e Médio Profissionalizante) e sinaliza a condição de maior proximidade entre Conteúdos Programáticos e alunos(as). Para tanto, busca enaltecer o diálogo e a mediação, capacidades indeléveis ao docente, direcionando-as às atividades avaliativas. Assim procedendo, considerada a obrigatoriedade das referidas nesta e em demais fases da educação escolar, de que modo o docente poderá cultivar e, constantemente, atualizar o sentido das avaliações formais, sobretudo nas etapas de preparação e aplicação? No intuito de oferecer uma resposta propositiva, recorrer-se-á, de forma específica, às Orientações Curriculares Nacionais, na parte destinada à Filosofia. No entanto, para não incorrer em enunciações gerais, ou que fujam à questão, conjugar-se-ão os apontamentos decorrentes às Diretrizes Curriculares da Educação Básica/SEED-PR. Por meio da presente convergência, serão auferidos contributos voltados ao equacionamento de demandas originadas no campo avaliativo, incontornáveis aos(as) graduandos(as) e egressos das Licenciaturas em Filosofia.
Indústria cultural e mercantilização da cultura como projeto de semiformação na educação da infância moderna
Authors: Tavares da Silva Anilde Tombolato , Bueno Sinésio Ferraz
Published: November 2018

O presente artigo se propõe delinear o caminho da reflexão adorniana sobre a Indústria Cultural, mercantilização da cultura e semiformação, por meio da revisão de literatura e apoio do referencial teórico metodológico da Teoria Crítica da Sociedade e, a partir daí, estabelecer uma reflexão acerca da importância do processo de formação cultural como projeto de emancipação do indivíduo. Nesse sentido, considera-se relevante pensar a maneira como a cultura torna-se veículo de semiformação ao invés de condutor para a emancipação na educação da infância moderna. Procura-se evidenciar que o indivíduo é estimulado a pensar-se como ser singular e livre, mas que constrói a partir da mercantilização dos bens culturais um espírito míope que o condiciona ao isolamento de si para si no mundo, mediante o princípio da conformidade.