bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between etanercept and thyroid function in patients with psoriasis vulgaris
Authors: Roman Iulia Ioana , Mocan Teodora , Orasan Meda-Sandra , Jianu Elena Mihaela , Sfrangeu Carmen-Angela , Orasan Remus-Ioan
Published: June 2017

Background and aim. Psoriasis vulgaris, a chronic inflammatory skin disease, requires a long term medication, in order to avoid relapsing episodes. TNF-alpha, one of the targeted molecule in psoriasis therapy, seems to be also involved in thyroid disorders etiopathogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between anti TNF-alpha therapy and thyroid parameters: serum level of triiodothyronine (T3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and antithyroidperoxidase antibody (AbTPO) in psoriasis treated population.Methods. The study was performed on 44 patients with psoriasis vulgaris (20 patients under antiTNF-alpha treatment (etanercept), 24 patients with no previous systemic therapy). Serum concentrations of hormones, AbAntiTPO and TNF-alpha were measured and a thyroid ultrasonographic evaluation was performed for each patient.Results. The mean serum level of FT4 was significantly higher in patients with no systemic treatment (p<0.05). The patients treated with etanercept had a significantly higher level of TNF-alpha (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed for the other evaluated parameters. Also, we found a significant negative correlation between TNF-alpha and TSH levels (r=-0.366, p=0.015).Conclusions. We only found that the mean level of FT4 was significantly higher in patients with no systemic treatment. Also, a negative strong correlation was seen between serum level of TSH and TNF-alpha. Based on our data, comparison with other anti TNF-alpha therapies might be of interest in future studies.
Immunohistochemical and clinical changes in the respiratory tract of chickens, naturally infected with the fowlpox virus
Authors: Al Rawashdeh M. S. M.
Published: June 2017

It is clear that currently the question of study of the pathological changes in the respiratory tract of chickens due to the impact of the fowlpox virus remains relevant, as the pathogenesis of nutritional deficiency, the presence of mycotoxins or the papilloma virus are characterized by the same clinical manifestations. We analyzed 88 chickens, naturally infected with the fowlpox virus, using clinical and immunohistochemical methods of investigation. Among all species of birds, we studied only chickens, data on which were collected for five years from veterinary clinics. The investigation revealed lesions basically characterized by the presence of changes in the typical structure of the chicken’s respiratory tract. As a result, we found clear criteria for the pathological process in the respiratory tract of chickens, which are typical for fowlpox. Thus, we discovered respiratory tract obstruction, as well as many intracytoplasmic pale eosinophilic inclusions in hyperplastic cells. We found an accumulation of mononuclear cells consisting mainly of macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma and mononuclear cells inside the mucous and muscle membranes. Bronchial lumens were blocked by necrotic and desquamated epithelial cells, red blood cells, bacterial colonies and amorphous eosinophilic material. We found accumulations of lymphocytes and macrophages in the parenchyma of the lungs. The hyperplastic epithelial cells reacted immunohistochemically with antibodies against the fowlpox virus in the respiratory tract. Immunoreaction occurred mainly in the cytoplasm of infected cells, inclusions, and necrotic and desquamated cells. The study proved immunohistochemical methods of investigation can be a useful additional tool for establishing a final diagnosis, especially in acute and subacute phases of the disease. The following respiratory signs were observed in severe cases of fowlpox: damage to the lungs in 33 cases (46.5%), parabronchium – 20 (28.2%), parabronchial connective tissue – 8 (11.3%), and mucous membrane of the larynx and trachea – 10 (14.1%). In mild and moderate cases of fowlpox, the following respiratory signs were observed: hyperemia and thickening of the mucous membrane of the trachea – 14 (82.4%), as well as hyperemia in the nasal conchae and paranasal sinuses – 3 (17.7%). In the future, it will be necessary to conduct deeper studies to detect pathological manifestations of this disease, not only in the respiratory tract, but also in other organs and systems of chickens.
Identification of multiple constituents in shuganjieyu capsule and rat plasma after oral administration by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization and ion trap mass spectrometry
Authors: Xiao Y. C. , Liu L. T. , Bian J. J. , Yan C. Q. , Ye L. , Zhao M. X. , Huang Q. S. , Wang W. , Liang K. , Shi Z. F. , Ke X.
Published: June 2017

Shuganjieyu (SGJY) capsule is a classical formula widely used in Chinese clinical application. In this paper, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization and ion trap mass spectrometry has been established to separate and identify the chemical constituents of SGJY and the multiple constituents of SGJY in rats. The chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 RRHD column (150 × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm), while 0.1% formic acid–water and 0.1% formic acid–acetonitrile was used as mobile phase. Mass spectral data were acquired in both positive and negative modes. On the basis of the characteristic retention time (Rt) and mass spectral data with those of reference standards and relevant references, 73 constituents from the SGJY and 15 ingredients including 10 original constituents and 5 metabolites from the rat plasma after oral administration of SGJY were identified or tentatively characterized. This study provided helpful chemical information for further pharmacology and active mechanism research on SGJY.
A rapid and sensitive UPLC–MS/MS method for determination of remimazolam and its main metabolite in human urine and its application in clinical urine recovery study
Authors: Zhou Ying , Lu Ming , Jiang Ji
Published: June 2017

Remimazolam is a new chemical entity belonging to the benzodiazepine class of sedative drugs. A sensitive and rapid method based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) has been developed and validated for the determination of remimazolam and its major carboxylic acid metabolite (M1) in human urine. Urine samples were prepared by dilution and analyzed using an isocratic chromatographic separation. Inter- and intra-batch results for remimazolam were within 10.7% for accuracy and 5.5% for precision, and for M1, within 5.8% for accuracy and 4.2% for precision, respectively. This study represents the first reported example for the quantification of remimazolam and its main metabolite in human urine. Furthermore, this method has been successfully applied for the urine recovery study of remimazolam in Chinese healthy subjects. Only about 0.01% of the administered remimazolam dose was eliminated in the urine over the 24 h period in the form of unchanged remimazolam, and more than 75.1% of the administered dose was eliminated in the form of M1. Remimazolam is excreted mainly in the form of M1 in urine after intravenous administration, and there is no excessive accumulation in vivo after administration of remimazolam.
Range extension of the invasive fish Xiphophorus maculatus (Günther, 1866) (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) in the upper Magdalena river basin, Colombia
Authors: Albornoz-Garzón Juan G. , Villa-Navarro Francisco A.
Published: June 2017

This study reports the expansion of the known distribution of the invasive fish Xiphophorus maculatus (Günther, 1866) into the upper Magdalena river basin. The new record comes from a wetland in the Dry Tropical Forest biome in Tolima and represents the first collection of this species from the upper Magdalena river basin. An updated distribution for Colombia is provided.
Academy of devotion
Authors: SturtzSreetharan Cindi L.
Published: June 2017

In the late 1990s, Japan was experiencing an economic recession combined with an unrelenting stagnated birth rate; Japanese people and government officials called for men to increase their participation in domestic duties and life. Amid this outcry, an all-male reality TV comedy programme debuted: Junj? Gakuen Otokogumi (Academy of Devotion: Men’s Team) regaled late-night audiences with men being stereotypically masculine and hilarious. This article focuses specifically on two of the participants’ linguistic and physical behaviours in this TV programme. The two men are famous Kansai-based comedians, but act as high school teachers in the programme. The programme, I argue, provides a counternarrative to the national movement towards a softer masculinity that engages in domestic duties and delivers, instead, the kind of stereotypical masculinity associated with hegemonic salaryman ideology.
Is Serbian becoming Croatian?
Authors: Rajilic Simone
Published: June 2017

The paper investigates how nationalism (which flourished since the disintegration of Yugoslavia) and Serbo-Croatian language unity is instrumentalised to block the debates on sexist language in Serbia. Serbian feminists criticise current language practices as being sexist by making women linguistically invisible or rather exclusively visible in stereotypical contexts with only little social prestige. They challenge the supposedly gender-neutrality of so called ‘masculine generics’ and demand a consistent use of gender-specific forms for females. On the contrary, traditional Serbian linguists deny any discriminatory language patterns claiming that nouns for males can be used for females as well because of the ‘nature’ or ‘spirit’ of the Serbian language. Beside those arguments known from similar debates which have been held for other languages, the Serbian anti-feminist discourses on gender and language are even specific: Several gender-specific female nouns are found not to be Serbian but Croatian and should therefore not be used in Serbia. The proposals of feminists for non-sexist language are even accused of endangering Serbian national integrity by turning the Serbian language into Croatian – ignoring the fact that Serbian and Croatian share most of their lexicon being successor languages of Serbo-Croatian.
The playful and gendered use of insults and criticisms in romantic couples’ everyday banter
Authors: Korobov Neill
Published: June 2017

The present study focuses on the gendered and playful ways that insults and criticisms are formulated by young adult romantic couples in their natural interactional contexts. A discourse analytic approach was used to examine how twenty young adult heterosexual romantic couples (ages 19–26) use gender to playfully pursue insults and criticisms in their natural ecological contexts. This study is motivated by a burgeoning arena of research that suggests that conflicts among contemporary young adults may often be sociable in nature, and thus may not pose the kind of adversarial face-threats for young adult intimates in the ways that would be traditionally expected. The analyses demonstrate three conspicuous patterns. First, that the vast majority of the insults and criticisms are gendered. Second, that nearly all of the excerpts involve the creative use of various forms of irony, laughter, rekeyings, abrupt non-sequiturs and topic shifts to allow the gendered insults/criticisms to appear playful. And finally, the analyses show how these gendered and playful insults/criticisms are consequential as preliminaries for affiliation.
Визначено вплив суб’єктів корпоративного та індивідуального секторів на відтворювальний роз-виток стратегічного зернового ринку України. Обґрунтовано методичний підхід до оцінки відтворюваль-ної ефективності збутових каналів, що базується на порівняльному
Authors: Нікішина О В
Published: June 2017

Визначено вплив суб’єктів корпоративного та індивідуального секторів на відтворювальний роз-виток стратегічного зернового ринку України. Обґрунтовано методичний підхід до оцінки відтворюваль-ної ефективності збутових каналів, що базується на порівняльному аналізі показників доданої вартості у структурно-динамічному вимірі, рентабельності зерна та відтворювальної рентабельності в розрізі коо-перативного та корпоративного реалізаційних каналів. Здійснено поглиблений аналіз міжсекторного пе-рерозподілу продуктивної й непродуктивної компонент доданої вартості на зерновому ринку. Обґрунто-вано механізми державної підтримки створення та розвитку мережі регіональних зернових обслуговую-чих кооперативів в Україні.
СТАН КОНКУРЕНЦІЇ НА РОЗДРІБНОМУ РИНКУ АЛКОГОЛЬНИХ НАПОЇВ
Authors: Голубьонкова О. О. , Брайко  старший викладач М. Г.
Published: June 2017

В статті розглянуто основні тенденції у споживанні вина у світі та в Україні. Розглянуто види спеціалізованих торговельних підприємств, що пропонують алкогольну продукцію. Визначено основні сили впливу на них за методикою п’яти конкурентних сил М.Портера та запропоновано стратегію ди-ференціації.
СУЧАСНІ КОМПЛЕКСНІ СИСТЕМИ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ГОСПОДАРСЬКОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Дойчева Каріне Саркісівна , Васьковська К. О. , Пчелянська Г. Б.
Published: June 2017

В статті розглянуто сутність та теоретичні основи комплексних систем управління підприємства.Здійснено аналіз концептуальних підходів щодо оцінювання ефективності - EVA (Economic Value Added,EVA). Запропоновано показник «норма доданої вартості на активи компанії» та його зворотну величину– «активоємність доданої вартості». Проаналізовано традиційні функції управління підприємством.
ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОБОТИ ЗЕРНОПЕРЕРОБНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Стретович О. А.
Published: June 2017

У статті проаналізовано тенденції роботи зернопереробних підприємств України. Розглянуто економічні та організаційні умови в яких працюють великі підприємства по переробці зерна та мінімлини. Акцентовано увагу на негативних явищах, що впливають на розвиток ринкових відносин в зернопереробної галузі. Вказується на необхідність: конкуренції підприємств на стадії укладання договорів з покупцями; проведення тотального контролю за технологією виробництва; побудови тривалих партнерських відносин; стимулювання експорту борошна. Надані рекомендації щодо стратегії подальшого розвитку економіки підприємств даної галузі.
THE ECOLOGICAL COMPONENT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE AGRI-FOOD SPHERE OF THE SOUTHERN REGION
Authors: Samofatova V
Published: June 2017

The article describes the importance and scientific approaches to the essence of the environmentalcomponent of sustainable development of agricultural sphere of the region. The main environmental problems in the agri-food sphere of the Southern region are characterized. The nature, direction and characteristics of an ecologically balanced and sustainable development of the agri-food sphere of the region havebeen determined.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СУМІСНОЇ УТИЛІЗАЦІЇ РИСОВОЇ ЛУЗГИ ТА ВІДХОДІВ М’ЯСОПЕРЕРОБНИХ ВИРОБНИЦТВ МЕТОДОМ АНАЕРОБНОГО ЗБРОДЖУВАННЯ
Authors: КРУСІР Г. В. , LEUENBERGER Heinz , ЧЕРНИШОВА О. О.
Published: June 2017

Основні положення стратегії політики з охорони навколишнього середовища та забезпечення сталого розвитку країни передбачають комплексне вирішення проблем збалансованого розвитку економіки країни та поліпшення стану навколишнього середовища. Сучасні темпи розвитку зернопереробної та м’ясопереробної галузей роблять все більш актуальними питання ефективних та економічно вигідних шляхів утилізації відходів виробництв. Відповідно до принципів концепції повторної обробки сировинних відходів особливої уваги потребує утилізація відходів м’ясопереробної галузі, до яких відносяться стічні води, що утворюються безпосередньо під час виробництва м’ясної продукції, та гній з цехів передзабійного утримання ВРХ (великої рогатої худоби). Перспективним напрямком утилізації відходів харчових виробництв вважають біотехнологічні методи переробки. Одним з таких методів є анаеробне зброджування, що являє собою безперервний багатокомпонентний процес перетворення органічних речовин до кінцевих продуктів – біогазу з вмістом метану, парів води та вуглекислого газу, яке забезпечується роботою різних мікробіальних співтовариств.Метою даної роботи було дослідження спільної утилізації рисової лузги, гною ВРХ та стічних вод м’ясопереробного підприємства (СВ МПП) шляхом анаеробного зброджування в лабораторному анаеробному UASB біореакторі (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket reactor) періодичної дії на протязі 10 днів. Під час дослідження виділені параметри впливу складу субстрату на ефективність розкладання органічних речовин, утворення біогазу та вихід метану у результаті анаеробних реакцій. Проведено низку експериментів анаеробного зброджування субстратів з різним ваговим співвідношенням гною ВРХ, СВ та рисової лузги при мезофільному температурному режимі (36±1°С). У результаті дослідження визначено ступінь деструкції органічних речовин гною ВРХ та рисової лузги і оцінено негативний вплив жирних кислот на протікання анаеробних реакцій з метою виділення оптимальних вагових пропорцій складників змішаних відходів у якості субстрату для зброджування в анаеробному біореакторі. Була доведена ефективність використання змішаних субстратів для отримання метану та збільшення ступеня біорозкладання органічних речовин відходів у порівнянні з показниками зброджування моносубстратів.
ПРОДУКТИВНІ ЯКОСТІ МОЛОДНЯКУ СВИНЕЙ У ВІЦІ ВІД 91 ДО 130 ДІБ ЗА ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ПОВНОРАЦІОННОГО КОМБІКОРМУ
Authors: РІЗНИЧУК Ігор
Published: June 2017

Годівля молодняку свиней у віці від 91 до 130 діб диференційована на чотири вікові періоди – від 91 до 100 діб, від 101 до 110, від 111 до 120 і від 121 до 130 діб. У перший віковий період молодняку свиней згодовують 1,8 кг повнораціонного комбікорму за добу, в другий – 2,0 кг, третій – 2,2 кг і в четвертий віковий період – 2,4 кг повнораціонного комбікорму за добу. Встановлено, що використання повнораціонного комбікорму для молодняку свиней на відгодівлі живою масою 40-70 кг, згідно з ДСТУ 4124-2002 призводить до збільшення живої маси молодняку свиней у віці від 91 до 130 діб з 40 до 66,5 кг за середньодобового приросту 663 г та конверсії 3,2 кг комбікорму на 1 кг приросту молодняку свиней. Зроблено висновок, що одержані показники продуктивності молодняку свиней у віці від 91 до 130 діб за використання повнораціонного комбікорму для молодняку свиней на відгодівлі живою масою 40-70 кг, згідно з ДСТУ 4124-2002 не відповідають вимогам інтенсивного ведення свинарства та характеризуються низьким рівнем економічної ефективності виробництва свинини. Визначено, що основним напрямом підвищення продуктивних якостей молодняку свиней у віці від 91 до 130 діб повинно стати використання повнораціонного комбікорму для молодняку свиней на відгодівлі живою масою 40-70 кг із зниженою концентрацією хлориду натрію, кальцію і фосфору та удосконалення амінокислотного живлення молодняку свиней за рахунок включення до складу комбікорму треоніну.
УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ВИРОБНИЦТВА КОМБІКОРМІВ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ТОМАТНОЇ КОРМОВОЇ ДОБАВКИ
Authors: ЄГОРОВ Богдан Вікторович , ЧЕРНЕГА Ілона Савелівна
Published: June 2017

У статті представлена принципова технологічна схема виробництва томатної кормової добавки (ТКД). Також детально описано технологічний процес переробки томатних вичавок в томатну кормову добавку із наведенням режимів.  Для отримання комбікорму високої якості необхідно забезпечити високооднорідне змішування його компонентів. Тому, було експериментально досліджено технологічні режими процесу змішування ТКД та решти компонентів комбікорму, тип змішувача та необхідну тривалість змішування суміші, для забезпечення необхідної ступені однорідності комбікорму. Гранулювання комбікорму дозволяє покращити санітарну якість комбікорму, підвищити його кормову цінність, збільшити об’ємну масу, зниження витрат на розпилення при транспортуванні та згодовуванні.  Якість гранул залежить від складу комбікорму, технологічних режимів процесу гранулювання. Тому було досліджено ефективність процесів одержання гранул і комбікормової крупки з використанням ТКД: як впливає зміна технологічних режимів процесу гранулювання на якість готової продукції. Оцінювали якість гранульованого комбікорму за крихкістю гранул та виходом крупки в залежності від складу комбікорму. Також було досліджено зміну питомих витрат електроенергії та виходу крупки в залежності від зміни розміру отворів матриці та від зміни витрат пари.  Аналіз отриманих даних свідчить про те, що використання ТКД при виробництві комбікормів для сільськогосподарської птиці не погіршує ефективність процесу гранулювання, більш того, гранулювання комбікормової продукції з використанням ТКД слід проводити, не змінюючи технологічні режими процесу. Удосконалений спосіб виробництва комбікормів з використанням ТКД може бути реалізований на існуючому стандартному обладнанні комбікормових заводів з встановленням додаткового обладнання за порційною технологією шляхом створення лінії виробництва ТКД, що значно знижує капіталовкладення на реалізацію технології.
ТОЧНАЯ АГРОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ БУДУЩЕГО НАЧИНАЕТСЯ СЕГОДНЯ (СОЯ)
Authors: Фадеев Леонид
Published: June 2017

Учитывая возрастающую роль в агробизнесе Украины такой культуры как соя, рассмотрим указанную проблему применительно к этой культуре. От размещения растений сои на поле зависит: форма и размер площади питания, освещенность, обеспеченность влагою и питательными веществами, количество цветов, листьев, бобов и семян в них, высота растений, толщина стебля, стойкость к полеганию, посевные качества семян, количество в них белка, масла и т.д. Сегодня сою высевают как рядковым способом при междурядье 12-25 см, так и широкорядным 45 см. В последнее время наметилась четкая тенденция сужения междурядья. При той же норме высева это приводит к равнораспределенному размещению растений на поле, что обеспечивает одинаковые условия развития растений за счет оптимального распределения питательных веществ, влаги, солнечной радиации и т.д. Как известно, листья являются основным органом фотосинтеза, и оптимальное количество их способствует мощному развитию растений сои и высокой продуктивности.  Особенность сои в том, что у нее функцию фотосинтеза выполняют и зеленые стебли, а также соцветия на начало их появления, так что высота растений определяет в какой-то мере эффективность фотосинтеза.
THE INFLUENCE OF GLUTEN - FREE FLOURS ON THE QUALITY INDICATORS OF BISCUIT SEMI - FINISHED PRODUCTS
Authors: IORGACHOVA К. G. , KOTUZAKI E. N. , MAKAROVA O. V.
Published: June 2017

The article is devoted to the research of applicability of gluten-free flours from cereal crops and from by-products of cereal crop processing - ground crumbs sifted out in a process of flake production from rice, corn and millet during the production of biscuit semi-finished products. Taking into account that viscosity is an important technological characteristic of foam-like biscuit dough, as it determines foam strength and dispersed medium stability, the influence of gluten-free flours on the structural and rheological properties of biscuit dough was studied. It is determined that the substitution of wheat flour for cereal flours leads to viscosity reduction of the dough as a consequence of absence of gluten-forming proteins in them. A comparative analysis of changes in viscous properties of biscuit dough based on flour from flakes crumb while warming it up to 60°C with dough based on cereal flours and dough based on wheat flour was held. It is shown that the presence of partially gelatinized starch granules in flour from flake crumb, as a result of technological peculiarities of their extraction, promotes greater demonstration of thickening properties already at the initial stage of baking than in cereal flours. This leads to an increase of dough viscosity and formation of desired rheological characteristics, which provide the porous structure of finished products. To provide the high quality of gluten-free biscuit semi-finished products, the recipe composition of gluten-free biscuit semi-finished product, based on flour mixture from millet flakes crumb, corn and rice flour, was optimized by using the method of mathematical design of experiments.  The porosity indicator was chosen as the criteria for the evaluation of influence of proportion of gluten-free flours on the quality of biscuit semi-finished products. The response surfaces of dependency of biscuit porosity from mass ratio of recipe components in the composite mixture were obtained. It was confirmed experimentally that the use of pre-gelatinized acetylated modified starches during the production of gluten-free biscuit semi-finished products, facilitates the stabilization of the structural and rheological properties of foam structure - viscosity growth of biscuit dough because of foam-stabilizing property, which is particular to them. It was demonstrated that the obtained gluten-free biscuit semi-finished products based on flour composite mixtures with addition of modified starches, had high quality indicators. Based on the results of the research conducted, the recipe was formulated, technological parameters of production of new types of gluten-free biscuit semi-finished products were determined. Key
Geometry of a Chaos: Advanced computational ap- proach to treating chaotic dynamics of environ- mental radioactivity systems II
Authors: Glushkov A. V. , Khetselius O. Yu. , Buyadzhi V. V.
Published: June 2017

In the paper we go on our work on application of a chaos geometry tools and non-linear analysis technique to studying chaotic features of different nature systems. Here there are presented the results of using an advanced chaos-geometric approach to treating chaotic dynamics of environmental radioactivity systems. A usually, an approach combines together application of the advanced mutual information scheme, Grrasberger-Procachi algorythm, Lyapunov exponent's analysis etc.
Нескiнченно малi перетворення у просторах сталої скалярно кривини та iнварiантнiсть певних геометричних об'єктiв
Authors: Чепурна О. Є.
Published: June 2017

Розглянуто iнфiнiтезимальнi перетворення рiманових просторiв з умовою iнварiантностi тензору Ейнштейна. Визначено умови iнварiантностi цього тензору. Також, знайденi iншi тензорнi iнварiнти перетворень. Також, розглянутi перетворення у просторах сталоЁ скалярноЁ кривини.
Одновимірні шарування на топологічних многовидах
Authors: Максименко Сергей Иванович , Полулях Евгений Александрович
Published: June 2017

Нехай X - (n+1)-вимірний многовид, Δ  - одновимірне шарування на X і p: X → X / Δ фактор-відображення в простір шарів. Назвемо шар ω шарування Δ спеціальным, якщо простір шарів X / Δ не є хаусдорфовим в точці ω. В статті наведені необхідні і достатні умови для того, щоб фактор-відображення p: X → X / Δ було локально тривіальним розшаруванням для випадку коли всі шари Δ є некомпактними, а сім'я спеціальних шарів є локально скінченною.
DYNAMICS OF TICKS’ INFESTATION WITH BORRELIA GENUS BACTERIA AND TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS IN KIROV REGION
Authors: Bessolitsyna E. A. , Volkov S. A. , Stolbova F. S.
Published: June 2017

Tick-borne encephalitis and tick-borne borreliosis (or Lyme disease) are one of the most known and the most spread transmissible diseases of human. Nowadays it was proved that these diseases are diagnosed among domestic animals as well. Ixodida ticks are often serve as vectors for these diseases. It is common that only ticks gathered from human after bite are studied for presence of infection. But such approach does not give a full distribution picture of infection among the ticks. Thus, it is necessary to study ticks gathered not only from human but from other sources as well. The aim of this study is to determine the presence of TBEV and Borrelia burgdoferi sensu lato genetic material in ticks depending on its species, sexual identity and object it was gathered from in 2007–2016. The main tick vectors were determined. It was shown that percentage of infected with different diseases ticks fluctuates separately during the period of the study. It was also shown that percentage of infected ticks tends to increase. It is often that only tick female are studied as it stay for a long time after the bite. But it was proved that male ticks can also be a vector for diseases. It was proved that percentage of infected male ticks is increasing. The percentage of infected female ticks is also increasing along with general percentage of infected ticks. Fluctuations of percentage of infected ticks among different species was shown. Such fluctuation can be a sign tick’s areal spreading at unusual territories. It can be related to climate change. The difference of percentage of infected ticks of different species can be related to the study of ticks usual for the area and ticks which migrate to the Kirov region. The percentage of infected ticks was also studied. It was also proved that the maximum percentage of infected ticks had the ones gathered from human and minimal percentage had the ones gathered from plants.
Good Governance in the Hands of the Judiciary: Lessons from the European Example
Authors: Von Danwitz Thomas
Published: June 2017

It is certainly well observed that the subject matter of good governance, by its mere terminology, constitutes a fairly recent evolution which has been, notably in the 1990’s, closely linked to the idea of giving a new impetus to development policy, in particular in Sub-Saharan Africa. The new terminology has received widespread interest which has made the political call for good governance a central feature of development policy[1] ever since it has been put on the international agenda by a World Bank study in 1989.[2] Despite a rising number of critics claiming this concept to be without any substance and asking whether it would be new after all,[3] the idea of good governance has flourished ever since and has certainly evolved into a transnational concept of political leadership, a real leitmotiv for a common approach to the way how our global village should be governed.[4] The incredible success story of the striving for good governance is, in my view, due to three cumulative aspects which certainly contributed a great deal to the general agreement that good governance is a concept without proper alternative: Firstly, the concept of good governance is self-evident. It needs nothing else but common sense[5] to be understood: Entrepreneurs will not invest in unstable countries and people, whether entrepreneurs or not, will not wish to live there, if they can afford to go elsewhere.[6] Secondly, the concept of good governance is sufficiently vague to absorb a great variety of political preferences as well as substantive differences. Its flexibility is most certainly the reason why it has met so little resistance and found so much support. And thirdly, it was issued at the right point in time when public opinion was profoundly marked by the experience of the revolutionary force of glasnost and the general inability of corrupt regimes around the world to meet today's challenges.[7]
The Role of Good Environmental Governance in the Sustainable Development of South Africa
Authors: Feris Loretta
Published: June 2017

This article seeks to analyse good governance decision-making in the environmental context through an understanding and interpretation of the relationship between good environmental governance (evidenced inter alia by decision-making by public authorities) and sustainable development in South Africa.  It critically assesses recent case law in an attempt to understand the way in which our courts are evaluating authorities’ environmental decisions.  In reaching its objectives, this article considers also how environmental decisions are made in the first place and asks the question: what are the value choices underlying government’s decisions and what role does sustainable development play in informing decisions for good environmental governance.
Fundamental Consumer Rights Under the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008: A Critical Overview and Analysis
Authors: Jacobs Wenette , Stoop Philip N , Van Niekerk René
Published: June 2017

South Africa was in need of a comprehensive framework of legislation, policies and government authorities to regulate consumer-supplier interaction. The Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008, which was signed by the President of the Republic of South Africa on 29 April 2009 and published in the Government Gazette on 29 April 2009, now provides an extensive framework for consumer protection and aims to develop, enhance and protect the rights of consumers and to eliminate unethical suppliers and improper business practices. Certain areas of the common law regarding consumer rights have been codified by the Act and certain unfair business practices that were previously unregulated are now governed by the Act. The Act has a wide field of application. It applies to every transaction occurring within South Africa for the supply of goods or services or the promotion of goods or services and the goods or services themselves, unless the transaction is exempted from the application of the Act. The Act also specifically regulates aspects of franchise agreements. In terms of the Act, consumers obtain several new rights and some existing rights are broadened and reinforced. These rights are: the right to equality in the consumer market; privacy; choice; disclosure and information; fair and responsible marketing; fair and honest dealing; fair, just and reasonable terms and conditions; and fair value, good quality and safety. The last right in terms of the Act deals with a supplier's accountability to consumers. The authors critically analyse and discuss these rights. It is clear that the Act is written in favour of the consumer. Various provisions of the Act make inroads into the common-law position to strengthen the position of the consumer vis-à-vis the supplier and suppliers are undoubtedly facing an onerous task to prepare to comply, and eventually attempt to comply, with the Act. Although the Act has its own interpretation clause, which provides that it must be interpreted in a manner that gives effect to the purposes of the Act, the Act poses many uncertainties and interpretational and practical challenges. Many questions are therefore raised, some of which remain unanswered. These questions illustrate some of the uncertainties concerning the scope and possible interpretation of the fundamental consumer rights.
Traditional Knowledge and Patent Protection: Conflicting Views On International Patent Standards
Authors: Andrzejewski Adam
Published: June 2017

As diseases continue to spread around the globe, pharmaceutical and biotech companies continue to search for new and better drugs to treat them. Most of these companies have realised that useful compounds for these purposes may be found in the natural resources that indigenous and local communities use. And yet, even though the importance of these biological resources to global health and economic livelihood is well recognised, the legal ownership and control of this traditional knowledge is still very controversial. This article undertakes a comparative analysis of American and European, as well as international legal regulations on patent law and traditional knowledge. Key questions include: What is traditional knowledge? How have the national patent laws of these countries treated the protection of plant variety and plant genetic resources? What are the existing international standards for patents, and what implications do they have for protecting traditional knowledge? And finally, what protection systems are emerging for the future?
DNA Extraction of Cesium Chloride-Purified Viruses using Wizard Prep Columns v1
Authors: Phage Lab Marine
Published: June 2017

Version 1b 17 October 2012 This protocol decribes the extraction of DNA from viral particles using Wizard Prep Resin and Columns from Promega.
DNA Extraction from sorted cells v1
Authors: Rich Virginia
Published: June 2017

Modified after V. Rich, 2/10/07: DNA extraction protocol from 25 mm 0.2 μm filters – Low-throughput, using DNeasy columns (based on lab Steripak filter extraction protocol and the Suzuki et al. 2001 protocol)
Can Crusher-Culley Protocol v1
Authors: Culley Alexander , Grieg Steward not provided
Published: June 2017

Culley Protocol (from Culley & Steward (2007), New genera of RNA viruses in subtropical seawater, inferred from polymerase gene sequences, Applied & Environmental Microbiology 73(18):5937-5944).
DNase I Treatment v1
Authors: E. Thornton James
Published: June 2017

This protocol describes the preparation of and treatment with DNase I to degrade DNA in solutions containing iron chloride, EDTA–Mg ascorbate buffer, and cesium chloride. DNase I treatment, CsCl purification, and sucrose purification methods were compared using replicated viral metagenomics in Hurwitz et al. 2012. We use this protocol primarily to remove free host and other contaminating DNA from phage preparations prior to extracting nucleic acid from the phage particles.
Purifying Viruses Using Sucrose Cushion v1
Authors: Williamson Shannon
Published: June 2017

This protocol describes the use of a sucrose cushion to purify viruses. It is the Matthew Sullivan Lab adaptation of the Shannon Williamson protocol. DNase I treatment, CsCl purification, and sucrose purification methods were compared using replicated viral metagenomics in Hurwitz et al. 2012. Citation: Hurwitz, B. L., Deng, L., Poulos, B. T., & Sullivan, M. B. (2012). Evaluation of methods to concentrate and purify ocean virus communities through comparative, replicated metagenomics. Environmental Microbiology. doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2012.02836.x
96-well DNA Extraction Protocol from 25mm 0.2µm filters v1
Authors: Rich Virginia , DeLong Lab not provided
Published: June 2017

As used in Rich, Konstantinidis, and DeLong. 2008. Rich VI., Konstantinidis K., DeLong EF. Design and testing of 'genome-proxy' microarrays to profile marine microbial communities. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18028413. Environ. Microbiol., 2008 Feb;10(2):506-21. Epub 2007 Nov 19.
Concentrating Viruses with an Amicon or Nanosep Centrifugal Ultrafiltration Device v1
Authors: Brum Jennifer
Published: June 2017

This protocol describes how to concentrate viruses in liquid samples using an Amicon or Nanosep centrifugal ultrafiltration device. We use Amicons to concentrate medium volumes of samples (10s to 100s of mls) down to a final volume of ~4 ml. We use Nanoseps to concentrate smaller volumes of sample (<10ml) down to a final volume of ~40µl.
Paraformaldehyde (PFA) from Powder v1
Authors: of Medicine Flow Cytometry Facility Faculty , U. of Toronto not provided
Published: June 2017

This is a guide to prepare PFA from powder. This is useful for PFA Fixation.
NaCl Sodium Chloride Buffer v1
Authors: Sullivan Matthew
Published: June 2017

.
0.5M NH4Cl v1
Authors: Sullivan Lab Matthew
Published: June 2017

Supplement to seawater for growth of cyanobacteria.
Media recipes for Synechococcus isolates v1
Authors: Sullivan Matthew
Published: June 2017

The following are media recipes necessary for isolating and maintaining Synechococcus isolates.
Building an HPC blast pipeline v1
Authors: Hurwitz Bonnie
Published: June 2017

This tutorial shows you how to create a pipeline on the University of Arizona HPC. Specifically, we will be creating a pipeline to run blast, using scripts you are writing or have already written from ABE 487 weeks 10 and 11. The pipeline will do the following: 1. split each of the files from the night/day transcriptome into files with 10,000 sequences each 2. run blastp against uniprot_sprot.fasta 3. parse the blast results
MetaVir- Analysis of viromes v1
Authors: Roux Simon
Published: June 2017

METAVIR is a web server designed to annotate viral metagenomic sequences (raw reads or assembled contigs). A set of published viromes, identified as "public projects", is already available, and your own data sets can be processed in a private environment.
Comparative metagenomic analysis using VIROME v1
Authors: Bhavsar Jaysheel , Shawn Polson not provided , K. Eric Wommack not provided
Published: June 2017

This tutorial demonstrates the use of VIROME for comparing viral metagenome libraries analyzed with the VIROME pipeline as well ascomparative analysis of viral communities using the Quantitative Insights in Microbial Ecology package (QIIME). Wommack, K. E., J. Bhavsar, S. W. Polson, J. Chen, M. Dumas, S. Srinivasiah, M. Furman, S. Jamindar, and D. J. Nasko. 2012. VIROME: a standard operating procedure for analysis of viral metagenome sequences. Standards in Genomic Sciences 6:427-439 [PMC3558967] See sitefor more information.
Adsorbing Viruses on TEM Grids v1
Authors: Brum Jennifer
Published: June 2017

Purpose: This protocol describes how to adsorb viruses onto TEM (transmission electron microscopy) grids. The sample is allowed to sit on a hydrophilic grid and viruses adsorb onto the surface of the grid. This technique is generally used for viral lysates with high concentrations of viruses. For natural samples, use the protocol “Quantitatively Depositing Viruses onto TEM Grids using an Airfuge”. Note: If purification of the viruses is necessary, refer to Ackermann and Heldal (2010) for various options.
YES Rich Medium v1
Authors: J. Cone Alan
Published: June 2017

Similar to YPD Medium for budding yeast, YES Medium is the rich growth medium utilized for fission yeast.
FVIC (Frequency of Visibly Infected Cells) Protocol v1
Authors: Brum Jennifer
Published: June 2017

Purpose: This protocol describes how to pellet bacterial cells onto grids and stain them so that viruses can be visualized within the cells using transmission electron microscopy. Data obtained from these grids can be used to calculate the frequency of visibly infected cells (FVIC), the frequency of infected cells (FIC), the fraction of mortality due to viral lysis (FMVL), and burst size.
FASP Kit Protocol-ORNL Developed for Bacteriophage v1
Authors: VerBerkmoes Nathan
Published: June 2017

Collaborator, Nathan VerBerkmoes (Oak Ridge National Labs), worked with Tucson Marine Phage Lab to develop more sensitive proteomics assays for viral isolates which we are now also using for environmental viral concentrates. A new sample prep method (FASP) was optimized to maximize the signal from our commonly low-protein containing samples, and then run using 2d-LC-MS-MS to maximize detection across the large dynamic range in isolate and environmental samples.
Barcode Oligos for Linker Amplified DNA v1
Authors: Sullivan Matthew
Published: June 2017

Sequence for barcoded oligos for linker amplified libraries. Numbers 1 to 29 were developed at the Tucson Marine Phage Lab dervied from MID 1 to 14 recommended by Roche.
Prophage Induction in Natural Populations of Heterotrophic Bacteria v1
Authors: H. Paul and Markus Weinbauer John
Published: June 2017

This protocol gives two methods for prophage induction in heterotrophic bacterioplankton; one with no viral reduction and the other with viral reduction (see guidelines). Paul, J. H., and M. Weinbauer. 2010. Detection of lysogeny in marine environments, p. 30–33. In S. W. Wilhelm, M. G. Weinbauer, and C. A. Suttle [eds.], Manual of Aquatic Viral Ecology. ASLO.
Isolation of cyanophages by liquid enrichment assay v1
Authors: Middelboe Mathias , Amy M. Chan not provided , and Sif K. Bertelsen not provided
Published: June 2017

Another convenient way to screen larger sample volumes is to perform liquid enrichment cultures (Suttle 1993). By this approach, larger volumes of water samples can be screened for cyanophages, thus enabling detection of “rare” viruses. Similar to the use of enrichment cultures for bacteriophages, the disadvantages include the fact that lysis of the host cells are not always obvious, especially if the initial titer is low or if the host culture is not clonal or unialgal.
Bacteriophage isolation by spotting on target host cells v1
Authors: Middelboe Mathias , Amy M. Chan not provided , and Sif K. Bertelsen not provided
Published: June 2017

Phage lysis of host bacteria can be visualized by plaque formation on lawns of host cells in soft agar overlayed on agar plates (Adams, 1959; Sambrook et al. 1989). This principle can be used for the detection and subsequent isolation of specific lytic phages in environmental samples (e.g., Carlson 2005). Spotting environmental samples on lawns of a target host cell would thus reveal the presence of a lytic phage for that particular host cell in the given sample.
Bacteriophage isolation using enrichment cultures v1
Authors: Middelboe Mathias , Amy M. Chan not provided , and Sif K. Bertelsen not provided
Published: June 2017

A generally more efficient way of isolating lytic phages from marine environments is by the use of enrichment cultures. In this approach, the prefiltered water sample that is to be screened for phages against a given target bacterium, is enriched with a bacterial growth medium and amended with that target bacteria (Eisenstark 1967; Carlson 2005). This allows any lytic phages present in the sample to infect the target bacteria and propagate in the cultures, and subsequently, be isolated and purified. The two main advantages of the enrichment approach are 1) that it allows for screening for phages in a much larger volume of sample (typically 25–50 mL, rather than 5–10 µL), thus increasing the probability of isolating rare phages, and 2) that it allows the combination of different target hosts (e.g., different strains of a specific bacteria of interest) in the same incubation, again increasing the possibility of phage isolation.
Preparing target indicator cells v1
Authors: Middelboe Mathias , Amy M. Chan not provided , and Sif K. Bertelsen not provided
Published: June 2017

For use in "Isolation of cyanophages by plaque assays"
Sample collection and preparation v1
Authors: A. Suttle and Jed A. Fuhrman Curtis
Published: June 2017

For Enumeration of virus particles in aquatic or sediment samples by epifluorescence microscopy protocol.
Construction of U6-based sgRNA expression vectors v1
Authors: Yin Linlin , Lisette A. Maddison not provided , Mingyu Li not provided , Nergis Kara not provided , Matthew C. LaFave not provided , K. Varshney Gaurav , Shawn M. Burgess not provided , James G. Patton not provided , and Wenbiao Chen not provided
Published: June 2017

This protocols is from: Linlin Yin, et al.(2015) Multiplex Conditional Mutagenesis Using Transgenic Expression of Cas9 and sgRNAs.Genetics200:431-441;doi:10.1534/genetics.115.176917 Please see the full manuscript for additional details.
Multiplex Conditional Mutagenesis Using Transgenic Expression of Cas9 and sgRNAs v1
Authors: Yin Linlin , Lisette A. Maddison not provided , Mingyu Li not provided , Nergis Kara not provided , Matthew C. LaFave not provided , K. Varshney Gaurav , Shawn M. Burgess not provided , James G. Patton not provided , and Wenbiao Chen not provided
Published: June 2017

This is a collection of protocols from: Linlin Yin, et al.(2015) Multiplex Conditional Mutagenesis Using Transgenic Expression of Cas9 and sgRNAs.Genetics200:431-441;doi:10.1534/genetics.115.176917 Please see the full manuscript for additional details.
RNA sequencing library construction for Illumina GA II v1
Authors: Cao Jian , Julie Ni not provided , Wenxiu Ma not provided , Vanessa Shiu not provided , Luis A. Milla not provided , Sangbin Park not provided , Maria L. Spletter not provided , Sheng Tang not provided , Jun Zhang not provided , Xing Wei not provided , Seung K. Kim not provided , and Matthew P. Scott not provided
Published: June 2017

This protocol is from: Jian Cao, et. al.(2014) Insight into Insulin Secretion from Transcriptome and Genetic Analysis of Insulin-Producing Cells of Drosophila Genetics197:175-192;doi:10.1534/genetics.113.160663 Please see the full manuscript for additional details.