bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
If health organisations and staff engage in research, does healthcare improve? Strengthening the evidence base through systematic reviews
Authors: Boaz Annette , Goodenough Belinda , Hanney Stephen , Soper Bryony
Published: May 2024

Background
There is a widely held assumption that the engagement of clinicians and healthcare organisations in research improves healthcare performance at various levels. Previous reviews found small numbers of studies that suggest an association between the engagement of individuals and healthcare organisations in research, and improvements in healthcare performance. The current study sought to provide an update.
Methods
The team updated an existing published systematic review, and addressed the question: Does research engagement (by clinicians and organisations) improve healthcare performance? The search covered the period January 1, 2012 to March 2024, in two phases. First, the formal updated search ran from January 1, 2012 to May 31, 2020, in any healthcare setting or country and focused on English language publications. In this phase two searches identified 66,901 records. Second, a further check of key journals and citations to identified papers ran from May 2020 to March 2024. In total, 168 papers progressed to full-text appraisal; 62 were identified for inclusion in the update.
Results
Fifty-eight of the 62 papers report positive results, of which 48 are purely positive and 10 positive/mixed meaning that there are some negative elements (i.e., aspects where there is a lack of healthcare improvement) in their findings. In the updated review, the literature is still dominated by papers from the US (35/62) and is mostly drawn from the Global North. The papers cover a range of clinical fields but with considerably more on cancer than any other field.
Conclusions
The updated review collates a substantial pool of studies, especially when combined with our first review, which are largely positive in terms of the impact of research engagement on processes of care and patient outcomes. Of the potential engagement mechanisms, the review highlights the important role played by research networks. The review also identifies various papers which consider how far there is a “dose effect” from differing amounts of research engagement. Additional lessons come from analyses of equity issues and negative papers. This review provides further evidence of the contribution played by systems level research investments such as research networks on processes of care and patient outcomes.
Exploring the Impact of Supplier Relationship Management Practices on Operational Efficiency and Customer Satisfaction in Italian Restaurants
Authors: Mitchell Eleanor
Published: May 2024

Purpose
This study explores the impact of supplier relationship management practices on operational efficiency and customer satisfaction in Italian restaurants.
Design/Methodology/Approach:
Utilizing a qualitative research approach, data was collected through interviews and surveys from 200 participants across various Italian restaurants.
Findings:
The analysis revealed strong correlations between supplier relationship management practices and other operational variables, emphasizing the interconnectedness of management strategies. Effective supplier relationship management not only enhances supply chain efficiency but also influences ingredient sourcing, menu diversity, and technological integration.
Research Limitations/Implications:
While technological advancements were found to contribute to operational efficiency, their direct impact on customer satisfaction was limited. The study underscores the multifaceted nature of customer satisfaction determinants, suggesting the need for a balanced approach combining technology with personalized service. Continuous improvement opportunities were identified, providing insights for restaurant operators to refine strategies and better align with customer expectations.
Practical Implications:
While this study offers valuable insights into Italian restaurant management, it has limitations, including its qualitative nature and reliance on self-reported data.
Social Implications:
Nonetheless, the findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge and offer practical implications for restaurant operators aiming to enhance operational efficiency and customer satisfaction.
Originality/Value:
By recognizing the interconnectedness of management practices and adopting customer-centric approaches, Italian restaurants can position themselves for sustained success in a competitive culinary landscape.
Theoretical Investigation and Design of Bioactive Quinoline Derivatives as Inhibitors of DNA Gyrase of Salmonella typhi
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Federal University Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria, Ameji John Philip , Uzairu Adamu ,   Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Kaduna State, Nigeria, Shallangwa Gideon Adamu ,   Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Kaduna State, Nigeria, Uba Sani ,   Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Published: May 2024

The ever-increasing rate of resistance to existing antibiotics by Salmonella typhi has made the search for novel drug candidates a necessity. In this study, Molecular docking technique was used to screen 18 bioactive quinoline derivatives against DNA gyrase of Salmonella typhi using PyRx graphical user interface of AutoDock Vina software. Ligand with the best binding affinity against the target macromolecule was used as prototype to design novel analogues with enhanced potencies. With the aid of Swiss ADME online server and Osiris DataWarrior v5.5.0 programme, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) profiles of the ligands were evaluated and their electronic properties were computed using density functional theory (DFT) method of Spartan 14.0 software. Ligand 3 (L3) with the best binding affinity (TG) value of −10.5 kcal/mol was chosen as a prototype to design La and Lb with TG value of −10.7 kcal/mol and −10.8 kcal/mol; binding constant (ka) of 7.04 × 107 and 8.35 × 107 ; and dissociation constant (kd) of 1.42 x 10−8 and 1.2 × 10−8, respectively. When compared with ciprofloxacin (TG = −7.7 kcal/mol), the ligands could be more potent. Likewise, the ligands were found to possess excellent oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profiles. Furthermore, DFT calculations on La and Lb revealed that they possess highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO) energy gap of 3.46 eV and 3.45 eV; and global electrophilicity index of 3.83 eV and 3.96 eV, respectively. The designed ligands tend to be consistent with all the validation protocols deployed in this study and as such could be recommended as novel drug candidates for treatment of Salmonella typhi induced salmonellosis.
Comparative Phytochemistry of Vitellaria paradoxa: Towards Establishing a Chemotaxonomic Marker
Authors:   Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Gombe State University, Gombe, Nigeria, MOHAMMED IBRAHIM HADIZA , HALILU MSHELIA EMMANUEL ,   Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Usman Danfodio University, Sokoto, Nigeria, ATINGA VALLADA ,   Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Gombe State University, Gombe, Nigeria, SABO IBRAHIM ,   Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Gombe State University, Gombe, Nigeria, ALIYU WARRA AHMAD ,   Centre for Entrepreneurial Development, Federal University Gusau-Nigeria, YUSUF ABDULRAHMAN ADAMA ,   Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, SULEIMAN ABUBAKAR UMAR ,   National Biotechnology Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria, ZAINAB MOHAMMED ,   Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, GARBA IBRAHIM ,   Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, AVOSUAHI OYI RUKAYAT ,   Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
Published: May 2024

Plants have been known to serve as source of food, income and in the maintenance of health, with their phytochemicals responsible for the biological properties of plants. All parts of shea tree (Vitellaria paradoxa) are consumed by human and livestock as medicine. The variations in the morphology and chemistry of shea tree and its product have been attributed to the various factors including their geographical sources among others. The phytochemical study of methanol extracts of the stem and leaf of shea tree collected from three locations were determined and compared. Qualitative phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides, tannins, saponins, steroids, flavonoids, alkaloids and triterpenes. Alkaloidal contents in the leaf extracts ranged from 8.96 ± 0.05 to 16.96 ± 0.48 while the content in the stem extracts is 5.38 ± 0.04 to 14.93 ± 0.02. The phenol contents were higher in both extracts ranging from 43.05 ± 0.04 to 142.96 ± 0.07 and 85.05 ± 0.04 to 148.51 ± 0.07 in the leaf and stem extracts, respectively. Saponin contents in the leaf range from 3.56 ± 0.01 to 19.46 ± 0.01 in the leaf extracts and 9.93 ± 0.01 to 16.62 ± 0.01 in the stem extracts. Compounds such as myricetin, kaempferol-3-glucuronide, dihydroisorhamnetin, vanillic acid, 5,7-dihydroxy2-(4-hydroxy-3)methoxy)-3-{(3,4,5- trihydroxy-6 (hydroxymethyl)-oxan-2-yl)oxy}-4H-chromen4-one, 1H-indole-3-acetronitrille, 3,5-trihydroxy-10 methylacridone, syringin, gallic acid, anthranilic acid and quassin were identified in the liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopies (LC-MS) of the methanolic stem and leaf extracts of shea tree. The results of the phytochemical investigation indicate variation in the chemical composition of the plant across the study area.
Antiviral Activity of Physta®, Standardised Water Extract of Eurycoma longifolia against SARS-CoV-2: An in vitro Study
Authors:   Biotropics Malaysia Berhad, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, CHINNAPPAN SASIKALA M , GEORGE ANNIE ,   Biotropics Malaysia Berhad, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, HASSANDARVISH POUYA ,   Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, VUNIJA TIONG ,   Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: May 2024

Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Simaroubaceae) root extract is known to exhibit antiinflammatory, antiviral and immunomodulatory activities. Therefore, E. longifolia, through a multimodal approach could potentially be used in COVID-19 management. However, to date there has been no investigation into the antiviral activity of E. longifolia root extract against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The objective of the study is to investigate the antiviral activity of Physta® (a standardised water extract of E. longifolia) against SARS-CoV-2. A mitochondrial metabolic activity assay using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) was used to determine the cytotoxicity of the Physta® extract in Vero cells, with concentrations ranging from 1.95 µg/mL to 1,000 µg/mL. Physta® was tested for antiviral activity at six different concentrations, ranging from 3.12 µg/mL to 50 µg/mL. The half maximal cytotoxic concentration (CC50) value of Physta® against Vero cells was estimated at 1,117 µg/mL and the maximum non-toxic dose (MNTD) value was estimated at 60 µg/mL. Physta® inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication in a dose-dependent manner, and the half maximal inhibition concentration (IC50) was estimated to be 36.3 µg/mL. This study has demonstrated the antiviral activity of Physta® against SARS-CoV-2. Future evaluations in animal and clinical settings should be conducted to determine whether Physta® can be used alone or in combination with other antiviral agents to alleviate COVID-19.
Use of Infliximab in the Treatment of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Related Myocarditis: A Systematic Review of Case Reports
Authors:   School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, PHING KHAW CHIA , GNANASAN SHUBASHINI ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor, Malaysia, TANGIISURAN BALAMURUGAN ,   School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Published: May 2024

Immune-mediated myocarditis is uncommon, progresses rapidly and has high mortality rate. Infliximab has been used in practice, particularly in steroid refractory cases, but evidence supporting the use is still lacking. This review aims to provide an overview of infliximab use in managing immune-related myocarditis. A systematic search was conducted using the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases as well as manual searching of bibliographies, from inception to 1 October 2021. Eligible studies were selected by the inclusion criteria. All the included studies were assessed for methodological quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case Reports. There were 13 articles with total 14 reported cases of immune-related myocarditis treated with infliximab. Most patients developed myocarditis with high severity grade, concurrent immune-related adverse events (irAEs), particularly neuromuscular irAEs and multiple potentially fatal complications. Most patients received single dose of infliximab, whereas few received multiple doses. Four patients improved clinically or biochemically, but 10 patients did not improve or deteriorated clinically with the addition of infliximab. Half of the reported cases did not survive due to myocarditis and its complications. Conflicting results were observed when infliximab was used in patients with heart failure and higher dose did not appear to be beneficial in these patients. Concomitant irAEs, high severity grade and occurrence of potentially fatal complications indicate the need to escalate the treatment by using additional immunosuppressive agents such as infliximab. However, there is no standardisation on the infliximab treatment regimen, outcomes have been inconsistent and safety data is limited.
ÜLKELERİN SAĞLIK HARCAMALARININ FAKTÖR ANALİZİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Zerecan Pelin , Atakan Cemal
Published: May 2024

Çalışmada Dünya Bankası veri bankasından 2015 yılına ait Dünya Kalkınma Göstergeleri üzerine yoğunlaşılmıştır. 135 ülke seçilerek yapılan çalışmada, sağlık harcamasını belirleyen bileşenlerle ilgili olarak literatürde taramalar yapılmış, bu tarama sonucunda bileşenlere kaynak olabilecek referans listeleri, hedefler, makale ve tezlerde yer alan bileşenlerle koşutluk sağlayabilecek değişkenlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. İlgili değişkenlerin belirlenmesinin bir ölçütü de kişi başına cari sağlık harcaması değişkeni ile ilişkisidir. Belirlenen değişkenlerin betimleyici istatistikleri ve kişi başına cari sağlık harcaması değişkeni ile ilişki yönü ve niceliklerine yer verilmiştir. Çalışmada 41 adet değişken kullanılmış olup, çok değişkenli istatistik uygulamalarından en bilinen tekniklerden biri olan faktör belirleme metotu temel bileşenler yöntemi uygulanarak sağlık harcamasını açıklayan temel bileşenler elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen temel bileşenler detaylı biçimde incelenerek her bileşen için ayrı olmak üzere ülkelerin sıralamaları, genel değerlendirmeler ve harita grafikleri oluşturulmuştur. Analiz sonucunda sağlık harcamalarını açıkladığı düşünülen bileşenler bakımından ülkeler çeşitli uluslararası kuruluş, örgüt ve birlik tanımlarından yararlanılarak gruplandırılmıştır. Bileşenler bakımından gruplara ayrılan ülkeler ile ilgili değerlendirmeler ve açıklamalar sunulmuş olup, sağlık harcamasını açıkladığı düşünülen bileşenler bakımından benzer ülkelerin yaklaşık olarak belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yapılan sıralamalarda bileşenlere göre hangi ülkelerin benzer yapıya sahip olduğunu ve Türkiye’nin ülkeler arasındaki sıralamasını görmek mümkün hale gelmiştir.
The Risk Assessment and Human Risk Control in Indonesian Power Plant
Authors: Farera Jihan Nada , Ambarwati Rita , Sumartik Sumartik , Dedy Dedy
Published: May 2024

Efforts to enhance labor productivity are intrinsically linked to the improvement of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) standards. The research focused on the optimization of OHS by conducting a COVID-19 risk assessment, with the goal of identifying and implementing Human Resource (HR) risk control measures to augment employee performance. In employing a qualitative methodology, the data were amassed through a combination of interviews, observations, and document analysis involving a diverse group of 23 respondents from various departments. The risk assessment process was meticulously structured into four phases: identification of causes, implementation of preventive measures, development of recovery strategies, and evaluation of consequences. The researchers organized the data into primary and secondary categories for analysis and utilized the Bow Tie method to elucidate the findings. The analysis reveals that the human factor, specifically employees’ non-compliance with safety protocols, poses the greatest risk for virus transmission. The result identifies the warehouse, workshop, administration building, and Coal Handling Control Building (CHCB) as the most critical areas requiring stringent risk controls. The results also provide an overview in preparing the basis for Corrective Action and Preventive Action (CAPA). It provides benefits for implementing OHS in power plant companies through recommendations such as evaluation, preventive action, and risk control through COVID-19 risk assessment. Finally, the research delineates strategies for managing risks through preventive measures and recovery processes to mitigate the impacts and consequences associated with these hazards.
Russian Language and Historiosophy of Russia
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Kuznetsov Nikita V. , Sokolov Alexey M. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of the correlation of language as a form of realization of the essence of a person who transforms the uncertainty of being into the ordering the world. The authors proceed from the axiomatic assumption that language is an integral activity of the human community, in the vocabulary and syntactic-semantic definiteness of which all contradictions that open up to people in their joint diverse experience of mastering the subject (presupposed) existence are removed. At the same time, human activity is the fulfillment of free transforming energy activated by an elementary (primary-fundamental) act of communication, Thanks to it, the determinism of the natural predestination of human presence in the Being is overcome, which manifests itself in the excessive effectiveness of people’s activities, opening the spiritual (supernatural) horizon of life. Literature is understood by the authors as a stylization of the national language, through which the content of national identity is determined, and, consequently, the general picture of the world created by a certain people. Literature can have two levels of implementation: artistic and theoretical ones, differing, on the one hand, in the way and degree of generalization, on the other — hand, in the form of expression. The peculiarity of the Russian self-consciousness, firstly, is on the stage of transition from the artistic to the theoretical levels; and, secondly, it is historiosophical, i. e. it not only retains the experience of the past, but also tends to the discretion of semantic perspective of the future associated with the activity of many generations of people of the Russian world. According to the authors, this circumstance is most adequately reflected in the Socialist Realism of Soviet literature.
The Notion of the One in the Light of Lacanian Psychoanalysis
Authors:   Pushkin Leningrad State University, Lapatin Vadim A.
Published: May 2024

The article concerns on the interpretation of the One in Lacanian psychoanalysis. This notion derived from the Eleatic philosophy and subsequently was developed in a specific way by Plato and the Neoplatonists. This concept also occupies an important place in Lacanian psychoanalysis. In his seminars, Lacan drew attention to the similarity between philosopher’s and narcissist’s discourse when they speak of the total unity. Since the subject never encounters such unity in his experience, there should be an instance producing the idea of totality. According to Lacan, the unconscious is responsible for this, both in philosopher’s and narcissist’s discourse. The narcissistic idea of the One is provoked by the hopes of finding the unity of the self. The narcissist is painfully aware of the fragmentation of the inner experience and tries to reassemble the self through identification with the object of desire, which in Lacanian psychoanalysis is called object a. The ideal for the narcissist is complete autarky, when the total unity is embodied in the figure of the Big Other. Lacan demonstrates that the One in the narcissistic experience is an image of the narcissistic self, idealized and purified from any specific content. Structurally, the same logic is reproduced in philosophical discourse, only the One is described as the highest transcendental reality. Thus, Lacan concludes that the instance that gives impetus to the idea of the One is unconscious fantasy. The driving force behind this process is the combination of desire and pleasure. By examining the position of pleasure, Lacanian psychoanalysis reconstructs the ‘ontology’ and ‘ethics’ of the unconscious that guides it in its constructing the fantasy of the total One.
About the Sublime (Great) in Chernyshevsky’s Aesthetics
Authors:   HSE University, Morozov Daniil A.
Published: May 2024

In the contemporary scholarly discourse, aesthetic views of Nickolay G. Chernyshevsky (1828–1889) usually are observed only in the framework of the analysis of his thesis “the beautiful is life”. According to the author’s view, this approach does not fully reconstruct the main senses of the aesthetic system of the thinker, that is why the arthor of the current article reconsiders them from the perspective of the sublime (great), the original understanding of which is given by the Russian thinker. Our key points of discrepancy with the previous aesthetic ‘prevailingׄ’ systems and the specific Chernyshevsky’s improvements are explicitly shown. The thesis about the levelling of the role of imagination ability is interpreted as a core characteristic of his aesthetics. The author resolves two historical and philosophical issues: which of the previous aesthetic systems were criticized by Chernyshevsky? On which tradition does the thinker based his theory? Giving answers to these particular questions, the author criticizes the Chernyshevsky’s argumentation, submitting a thesis that his original definition of the sublime (great) has only a formal similarity with the Kantian definition. By coming down the role of imagination to the reproduction Chernyshevsky necessarily comes to the notion of ‘great’, which is based on comparison with the nearby objects (phenomena) but not on the clash of the cognitive abilities of a human, the infinite with the finite.
Generations of the Frankfurt School: The Genesis of Critical Theory and Its Modernity
Authors:   South Ural State University, Penner Regina V. , Tikhonova Sophia V. ,   South Ural State University,   Saratov State University
Published: May 2024

The article presents a retrospective of the formation of the Frankfurt School. Such a view of the school has not yet been formed in Russian-language literature. In it (literature), as a rule, attention is focused on individual figures of the school, without representing their place in the logic of generations. In the 1950s, representatives of the first generation of the Frankfurt School (first of all, M. Horkheimer and T. Adorno) in their criticism of the fascist and totalitarian regimes built the foundation of critical theory, which they used later in the social analysis of Capitalist society. M. Horkheimer identified the key setting of the school as the emancipation of workers from the framework of the economic regime, liberation of the consciousness of the working class from the boundaries set by capitalism. In the 1970s, J. Habermas, within the framework of the theory of communicative action, continued the tradition of social criticism in two semantic directions: in the Leftist one — focusing on social injustices, and in the Kantian one — in the search for grounds for social criticism as such. Later, in the 1990s, A. Honneth focused on the so-called negative intersubjectivity, which is expressed in the struggle of social groups for recognition. In this struggle, he found a truly social dimension of life, which is built on the principles of normativity. In 2018, A. Honneth handed over the post of Director of the Institute of Social Research to S. Lessenich. Despite the fact that today it is difficult to predict what the course of S. Lessenich will be, it remains obvious that through the generations the Frankfurt School has retained the methodological basis for the critical analysis of Capitalist society, starting criticism under totalitarianism and continuing it in the digital age.
Between Empire and National State — the Modern Context of K. Leontiev’s Concept
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Svetlov Roman V. , Fedorov Alexander A. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University
Published: May 2024

In the 1980s, Historical Sociology and Philosophy turned to the subject of Empire, based on new premises. The Empire is no longer understood by many researchers as a vestige of the political reality of the past. They began to interpret it as a mechanism for transforming chaos into order, connecting the civilizational periphery to the ‘future’, which is controlled by the center of civilization. The metaphor of the ‘eternal return’ became a popular way of describing the phenomenon of Empire. At the same time, this interpretation of Empire somewhat simplifies this phenomenon, adjusting it to the realities of the modern world with its globalist tendencies and centers of power (the U.S.A., the European Union), which provide these tendencies. At the same time, the idea of the nation-state has become an instrument for destruction of empires of a different, non-modern type, in order to integrate them into the order of the global future. Long before the realities of the European Union, K. Leontiev predicted that nationalism would become a prologue to the homogenization of human beings and their culture. Contrary to the ‘arithmetic equality’ of Western civilization, states of the ‘old’, pre-colonial imperial type, one of which Russia used to be and remains, in a sense, can offer a much more diverse landscape with a significant number of, in modern terms, ‘ecological niches’ for securing cultural identity. In Russian philosophy, the concept of an imperial-type state was the subject of very fruitful research, and this happened much earlier than the contemporary ‘imperial turn’ in Political Philosophy and Historical Sociology. The ideas of K. Leontiev convincingly demonstrate this. We believe that the most instructive are K. Leontiev’s ideas about the national state, as well as predictions of its future.
Internal Barbarism as a Socio-philosophical Problem of Modernity
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Sulimov Stanislav I. , Vasil’ev Boris V. ,   Voronezh State University
Published: May 2024

This work is devoted to the consideration of such a modern problem of the global world order as the growth of internal Barbarism. Based on the concept by N.V.Motroshilova, the authors believe that Barbarism internal to Civilization, in contrast to its external counterpart, is a side result of civilizational development. We can say that each civilization creates its own internal Barbarians, who then contribute to its death. The article also provides a typology of internal Barbarism, which includes such varieties as Midism, destructive countercultural movements, revolutionary movements, social disintegration (understood as aggressive individualism), and digital Barbarism (a decrease in the intellectual and moral level of people under the influence of the transfer of interpersonal communications to the Internet). Some of these types, acting separately, are practically safe for society, but others can lead civilization to political and economic collapse. The older the historical age of a civilized society, the more internal Barbarism grows in it. It can be assumed that in society on the eve of its historical death, all types of internal Barbarism are present, act and complement each other, and the state created on the basis of the political and spiritual principles of such civilization is perceived by all citizens as something external in relation to them. It turns out that fellow citizens are fighting against their own state and against each other, and each of them hopes to get personally some material benefits from general collapse. As an example of manifestation of internal Barbarism in the modern world, the authors consider the drastic African American movement ‘Black Lives Matter’, in the formation and functioning of which all the abovementioned types of internal Barbarism can be traced.
Landscape Painting as an Expression of the World Picture of the New European Subject
Authors: Naumova Olga A.
Published: May 2024

The current study focuses on landscape painting as a genre, which could reveal itself only in the Modern Era because of the particular qualities of the worldview. In order to identify the relationships between philosophy and art, the background of the genesis of the worldview has been analyzed through the M.Heidegger’s theory. According to him, there are five main aspects of the Modern Era: science, machine technology, shaping art as a subject of human sensibility, considering culture as the realization of the highest goods of man, the loss of faithe in gods or desacralisation. Also the concept of the ’worldview‘ which underlines the value of visual perception has been determined so that we could ascertain that this term is more appropriative to describe this aspect of mentality of the Modern Era. Therefore, the subject is similar to an artist who highlights essential features of an object and represents it in a picture. The study provides strong evidence that landscape painting illustrates that the subject separates the object from itself as well as a human is taken from the nature. In this case, landscape art can be explained as a scheme of the external world, which an artist wants not only to know and to systematize, but also to transform in accordance with his own needs. The conclusions demonstrate the significance of landscape painting as a reflection of the ideological attitude of the Modern Era, which is aimed at the objectification of the nature.
The Future of TCR-like Antibodies in Diagnosis and Potential Application
Targets
Authors: Liu Huaqiang , Dass Sylvia Annabel , Balakrishnan Venugopal , Nordin Fazlina , Tye Gee Jun
Published: May 2024

The human leukocyte antigen (HLA, also known as the major
histocompatibility complex or MHC) system, is responsible for immune monitoring of
the intracellular proteome of all nucleated cells. The presentation of antigen peptides
separates malignant or infected cells from their healthy counterparts and forms
aberrant cells tagged as the foundation for identification. Therefore, peptide-MHC
molecules can give potential diagnostic targets for cancer or infection. TCR-like
antibodies recognize specific peptides that bind to MHC molecules, allowing them to
target Such inaccessible cytoplasmic or nuclear tumors or virus-associated antigens. It
binds to MHC, presenting peptides found on the surface of target cells. These
antibodies have shown promising clinical applications in diagnosing and imaging
cancer and infected cells. This review presents the current situation of TCR-like
antibodies and its prospects for application in the field of intracellular antigen
diagnostics. It also lists the potential application targets of TCR, like antibodies in
various disease diagnoses, providing valuable information for developing diagnostic
reagents and selecting targets in the future.
Preparation of a Novel Multifunctional Cationic Liposome Drug-carrying System and
its Functional Study on Lung Cancer
Authors: Kong Yi , Xu Li , Cao Jun
Published: May 2024

Background:

Low-dose chemotherapy is a promising treatment strategy that may be improved by
controlled delivery.

Objective:

This study aimed to design polyethylene glycol-stabilized bilayer-decorated magnetic Cationic Liposomes
(CLs) as a drug delivery system for integrated functional studies of lung cancer cell therapy and imaging.

Methos:

A novel multifunctional folic acid targeting magnetic CLs docetaxel drug-loading system (FA-CLs-Fe-
DOC) was prepared and tested for its physical properties, encapsulation rate and drug release performance. The
feasibility of FA-CLs-Fe-DOC ability to inhibit tumor cells and act as an MRI contrast agent was investigated in
vitro, and the target recognition and therapeutic ability of FA-CLs-Fe-DOC was studied in vivo.

Results:

FA-CLs-Fe-DOC had a particle size of 221.54 ± 6.42 nm and a potential of 28.64 ± 3.56 mv, with superparamagnetic
properties and better stability. The encapsulation rate was 95.36 ± 1.63%, and the drug loading
capacity was 9.52 ± 0.22%, which possessed the drug slow-release performance and low cytotoxicity and could
effectively inhibit the proliferation of lung cancer cells, promoting apoptosis of lung cancer cells. MRI showed
that it had the function of tracking and localization of lung cancer cells. In vivo experiments confirmed the targeted
recognition property and therapeutic function of lung cancer cells.

Conclusion:

In this study, we successfully prepared an FA-CLs-Fe-DOC capable of specifically targeting lung
cancer cells with integrated functions of efficient lung cancer cell killing and imaging localization. This targeted
drug packaging technology may provide a new strategy for the design of integrated carriers for targeted cancer
therapy and imaging.
Secondary Metabolites from the Mangrove-derived Fungus Trichoderma sp.
Authors: Zi Guangrong , Shi Ying , Hong Kui , Liu Ling
Published: May 2024

Background::

Secondary metabolites from the mangrove-derived fungi have great potential
to produce natural products with novel structures and significant biological activities.

Objective::

The objective of this study was to isolate and identify the secondary metabolites from the
mangrove-derived fungus Trichoderma sp. WHUF0342, and evaluate their antibacterial activities.

Methods::

The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex
LH-20 gel chromatography, and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC). Their structures were elucidated by comparing the NMR and MS spectroscopic data with
those of literature. The antibacterial activity were evaluated by modified broth microdilution assay.

Results::

Eight compounds were isolated from the fermented extracts of the fungus Trichoderma sp.
WHUF0342 and identified as chaxine B (1), nafuredin (2), dichlorodiaportin (3), ferulaic acid (4),
bis(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate (5), methyl 4-hydroxyphenylacetate (6), 4-
hydroxyphenyl acetate (7), and 4-hydroxyphenylethyl acetate (8). Chaxine B (1) showed antibacterial
activity against the phytopathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum with a minimum inhibitory
concentration (MIC) value of 16 μg/mL. The antibacterial activity against plant pathogen of compound
1 was reported for the first time in this study.

Conclusion::

This study not only enriched the secondary metabolites of mangrove-derived fungi but
also provided a valuable resource for the prevention of agricultural pathogen infections.
A Multimodal Fusion and Ensemble Approach for Robust Fake News Detection through Deep Learning, Reinforcement Learning, and Using Blockchain to Enhance Security and Authorization
Authors: Kumar Vivek , Satveer  , Ahmad Waseem , Kumar Satendra
Published: May 2024

Background:

Computer science significantly influences modern culture, especially with
the rapid breakthroughs and technology in social media networking. Social media platforms have
become significant channels for sharing and exchanging daily news and information on many issues
in the current digital environment, which is known for its massive data collection and transmission
capabilities. While there are many benefits to this environment, there are also many false reports and
information that deceive readers and users into believing they are receiving correct information.

Objective:

Nowadays, all users use social media to obtain news content, but sometimes some malicious
users tamper with real news and then spread fake news, which may reduce the reputation of
social media. Therefore, many existing models have been introduced to detect fake news, but these
models are based on traditional machine learning algorithms, such as decision tree (DT), multilayer
perceptron (MLP), random forest (RF), etc. These models Lack of performance, security, and authorization.
Our proposed model can solve existing model problems using reinforcement learning and
blockchain technology.

Methods:

In this research paper, we explain a new way to identify fake news. This new approach,
combined with policy-based heuristic reinforcement learning (PHRL), where the model dynamically
adjusts through iterative learning, is the key innovation and gradually improves classification accuracy.
The same as our smart contract authorization method, which enhances the authenticity of content
posted safely by authorized users and improves the transparency and accountability of information.

Results:

Our model was tested on real-time information collected from various sources with 70%
accuracy and valid authentication.

Conclusion:

Our proposed model produced better results with a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of
0.0811 and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 0.2847, both significantly lower values. Our proposed
model performs better than multilayer perceptron (MLP), and random forest (RF).
Compor Mundos: Explorando a Metamorfose do Mundo na Era das Alterações Climáticas e as Suas Implicações Para a Saúde
Authors: Vidal Diogo Guedes , Lencastre Marina Prieto Afonso , Lopes Hélder Silva , Magalhães Susana , Estrada Rui
Published: May 2024

As alterações climáticas (AC) são a maior evidência da “metamorfose do mundo” e estão a mudar os regimes de temperatura e de pluviosidade, mas também os sistemas sociais, culturais e de saúde no planeta Terra. A imprevisibilidade dos fenómenos climáticos e os seus impactes multidimensionais na saúde humana e ambiental contribuem para tornar a nossa compreensão do mundo cada vez mais difícil. Além disso, a história provou que a tecnociência, sozinha, não é suficiente para lidar com estes problemas. Um apelo global está agora a despertar para que as humanidades e as ciências sociais também lidem com as questões humanas e não humanas levantadas pelas AC, nomeadamente através da sua integração com as áreas da saúde e da sustentabilidade. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar e discutir alguns dos primeiros resultados da rede transdisciplinar Compor Mundos: Humanidades, Bem-Estar e Saúde, que consiste numa rede de especialistas em humanidades, ciências sociais e da saúde que pensam sobre as questões do bem-estar e da saúde nas sociedades tecnológicas contemporâneas. A metodologia usada na primeira fase do projeto consistiu numa entrevista com perguntas abertas, construída de forma participativa pela rede de 12 investigadores. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa exploratória que utilizou a análise temática para identificar as ideias-chave originais de cada autor e a indução dos temas principais correspondentes. Os temas foram então organizados em grupos de correspondência semântica, ou clusters temáticos. Espera-se que alguns destes clusters contribuam para discutir como as AC já alteraram as nossas maneiras de ser, viver e pensar sobre o mundo, e contribuam também para lidar com os desafios relacionados com os riscos das AC na saúde e no bem-estar ao longo do século XXI.
Effects of a Chatbot-Based Intervention on Stress and Health-Related Parameters in a Stressed Sample: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Schillings Christine , Meißner Echo , Erb Benjamin , Bendig Eileen , Schultchen Dana , Pollatos Olga
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Stress levels and the prevalence of mental disorders in the general population have been rising in recent years. Chatbot-based interventions represent novel and promising digital approaches to improve health-related parameters. However, there is a lack of research on chatbot-based interventions in the area of mental health.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a 3-week chatbot-based intervention guided by the chatbot ELME, specifically with respect to the ability to reduce stress and improve various health-related parameters in a stressed sample.

METHODS

In this multicenter two-armed randomized controlled trial, 118 individuals with medium to high stress levels were randomized to the intervention group (n=59) or the treatment-as-usual control group (n=59). The ELME chatbot guided participants of the intervention group through 3 weeks of training based on the topics stress, mindfulness, and interoception, with practical and psychoeducative elements delivered in two daily interactive intervention sessions via a smartphone (approximately 10-20 minutes each). The primary outcome (perceived stress) and secondary outcomes (mindfulness; interoception or interoceptive sensibility; subjective well-being; and emotion regulation, including the subfacets reappraisal and suppression) were assessed preintervention (T1), post intervention (T2; after 3 weeks), and at follow-up (T3; after 6 weeks). During both conditions, participants also underwent ecological momentary assessments of stress and interoceptive sensibility.

RESULTS

There were no significant changes in perceived stress (β03=–.018, SE=.329; P=.96) and momentary stress. Mindfulness and the subfacet reappraisal significantly increased in the intervention group over time, whereas there was no change in the subfacet suppression. Well-being and momentary interoceptive sensibility increased in both groups over time.

CONCLUSIONS

To gain insight into how the intervention can be improved to achieve its full potential for stress reduction, besides a longer intervention duration, specific sample subgroups should be considered. The chatbot-based intervention seems to have the potential to improve mindfulness and emotion regulation in a stressed sample. Future chatbot-based studies and interventions in health care should be designed based on the latest findings on the efficacy of rule-based and artificial intelligence–based chatbots.

CLINICALTRIAL

German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00027560; https://drks.de/search/en/trial/DRKS00027560

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2023.1046202
On the Estimation of the Interannual Variability of the Ocean Surface Temperature in the Area of the Peruvian Upwelling
Authors: MARTINA-VASQUEZ Jimmy , Gordeeva Svetlana , Malinin Valerii
Published: May 2024

The interannual variability of the ocean surface temperature in the area of the Peruvian upwelling for the period 1980–2022 is considered according to the satellite archive GODAS (Global Ocean Data Assimilation System) using the methods of multivariate statistical analysis. Local foci of significant trends, for average annual Sea Surface Temperature (SST) values, were identified near the Peruvian offshore. Four regions (clusters) were obtained, which describe the variability of SST in front off Peru, which could be used to pretend to develop a prognostic oceanographic model. Furthermore, coincidences of temperature fluctuations were found between the first cluster and the region N3+4
A Review of Research on Networks of Modular Production
Authors: Chen Jiali
Published: May 2024

With the development of science and technology, the deep integration of products and technologies has made modularity in the field of industrial products has achieved good results, from IBM-360 computer to Volkswagen's MQB platform can be seen, in various industrial fields, the research and practice of modular production network has become one of the focuses of industrial upgrading. Based on the current research needs, the existing modularization literature is reviewed from three aspects: industrial modularization, industrial cluster modularization and modular production network.
Exploring the Mobility of the New Media Platform Little Red Book
Authors: Li Sixian
Published: May 2024

Little Red Book is an new emerging platform. Some researchers are focusing on this platform, but they intend to discuss the commercial values of it. The mobility of the little red book is rarely noticed. But the intrinsic connection between platforms and mobility is an important issue, and this theme is an important aspect of media, culture and mobility. This article is trying to explore the relationship between new platform Little Red Book and mobility. This article begins by exploring the ways in which the Little Red Book facilitates the flow of ideas and self-mobility, followed by a discussion of the ways in which it restricts mobility in some ways.
Design and Implementation of 32 Bit Linear Feedback Shift Register using FPGA
Authors: Tripathi Sajal , Gupta Sharad , Singh Shivanshu Pratap , Bhatia Kamal
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Shift register is a common device for generating signals and sequences. Usually register is the combination of flipflops.The shift register is of two types which are: linear and nonlinear. Various sequences including pseudorandom codes are generated by linear and nonlinear feedback shift registers, respectively. Linear feedback shift register (LFSR) is composed of dynamic or static master-slave flip-flop. Its characteristics are usually characterized by a characteristic polynomial. The twoinput XOR gate is used to calculate the characteristic polynomial of the maximum or near maximum length of the feedback function without rectifying the register.
Student-Centric Training and Placement Application
Authors: Suresh Gaykawad Akshay
Published: May 2024

Abstract: In the fast-paced and competitive landscape of today's job market the significance of comprehensive training and placement programs for students cannot be overstated. As a bridge between academic preparation and professional success.this training and placement platform plays and pivotal role in equipping students with the the necessary skills, knowledge, and confidence to thrive in their chosen career path with particular emphasis on training components and their impact on students' development and employability. Nowadays a recruiters seek candidates possessing not only academic qualifications but also practical skills and industry-specific competencies
IoT Based Medical Assessor and Predictor for HealthCare Solutions
Authors: J Bibiana Jenifer
Published: May 2024

Abstract: The introduction of cutting-edge, intelligent medical equipment into the virtual doctor system is orchestrating a remarkable transformation within community healthcare. Research in the healthcare sector has unveiled promising developments in extending human lifespan. However, obtaining healthcare services in remote areas remains a formidable challenge as patients often have to endure long journeys for treatment. The incorporation of IoT technology offers a viable solution by allowing real-time monitoring of vital signs through sensors like heart rate, Spo2, temperature, B.P and ECG sensors, measuring pulse rate, blood oxygen levels, body temperature, and blood pressure, respectively and applying different machine learning algorithms to predict the condition of the patient and suggest some precautions & medications. The reliability of the collected data is assured, and ThingSpeak software transmits this data to the cloud, enabling the delivery of professional healthcare services to those in need. Notably, statistics reveal that in India, the doctor-to-patient ratio stands at 1:854, underscoring the crucial role of this technology in addressing healthcare requirements in rural communities.