bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digit Ratio (2D:4D): A Contributor to Trustworthiness Among Africans
Authors:   Human Anatomy Department, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Yusuf Maitama Sule University Kano, Nigeria, I. Ibrahim , A.I Yahaya ,   Anatomy Department, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Bayero University Kano, Nigeria., M.I. Umar ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Kampala International University, Federal University, Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria.
Published: June 2024

Studies conducted on Caucasian subjects have shown a link between increased testosterone levels and an increase in interpersonal betrayal behaviors as well as a reduction in the 2D:4D ratio. It's unclear, however, whether this holds for tribes in Africa. Although 2D:4D may be used as a measure of exposure to prenatal testosterone, it is important to recognize that this association is limited to those who identify as Caucasian. The present study aims to determine the association of the 2D:4D ratio with trustworthiness in the African population. Four hundred and two (402) people were selected at random from two organizations in the Kano state. Both TOAKAN and the Tsaya da Kafarka Taxi Drivers Association are involved in this matter. Participating individuals' ages varied from eighteen to fifty (18-50). A direct method of measuring was used to approximate the lengths of the second and fourth digits. To further assess how trustworthy people perceive one another, a 45-question trustworthiness questionnaire (TQ) was also created. The mean value of 2D: 4DR was 0.98±0.04 which was higher than 2D: 4DL with a mean value of 0.96±0.05. Two components of the dependability scale, 2D: 4DRight(R), Total trustworthiness, and Consistency, were shown to have a positive and statistically significant relationship. On the other hand, no association was found between the 2D:4DLeft (L) and any of the dependability metrics.
Meningkatkan Semangat Kebangsaan di Sanggar Bimbingan Sungai Buloh Malaysia
Authors: Sutarsa Monika
Published: June 2024

Education at Sanggar Guidance Sungai Buloh, Malaysia, plays a crucial role in shaping the national spirit and national identity in a society that is rich in history and cultural heritage. Through the application of appropriate knowledge and educational strategies, education at this studio aims to strengthen awareness of national values ​​and develop a sense of pride in local cultural heritage. In this context, community service activities become an important means of strengthening the relationship between education, national identity and community empowerment. Sanggar Guidance Sungai Buloh offers various opportunities for the development of sustainable national education, however challenges such as limited educational accessibility and inequality in education still remain. needs to be addressed. The studio has become an important learning center in its community, with student numbers increasing significantly from 15 to 103. The diverse learning structure and comprehensive curriculum provide opportunities for students to develop holistically. Teachers at the studio have an important role in guiding their students, while the introduction of Indonesian culture strengthens the national spirit. Collaboration with Changemaker Indonesia is a significant step in expanding the influence and impact of service at the Sungai Buloh Guidance Studio. Opportunities are open for the exchange of experience and knowledge between the two countries, giving studio teachers the opportunity to develop their skills. In addition, this collaboration allows for cultural exchange between two different countries, opening up opportunities to enrich the learning experience of students at the studio. It is hoped that, through continued collaboration, the quality of education in the studio can continue to improve and the younger generation can be ready to face future challenges.
Effect of the Pătârlagele Diatomite on Seed Germination and Growth of Sunflower Plants
Authors: Florescu Ioana , Radu Ioan , Teodoru Andrei , Chireceanu Constantina
Published: June 2024

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is the third largest agricultural crop in Romania, after corn and wheat. In 2021 Romania cultivated 1112 thousand ha of sunflower with a production of 2818 thousand tons, ranking first among EU countries both in terms of production and cultivated area. Diatomite, also called diatomaceous earth or kieselguhr, is a natural sedimentary rock with a high content of silicon dioxide and clay minerals, widely used in agriculture for its insecticidal and fungicidal properties, stimulating the process of seed germination and plant growth, as well as the ability to absorb and retain nutrients and water. The paper presents preliminary results regarding the effect of diatomite from Pătârlagele deposit (Buzău County) on seed germination and growth of young sunflower plants in laboratory conditions and on seeds production in the field at three sowing dates as well. A semi-early hybrid P64LE99 was used in experiments. Our data showed that the Pătârlagele diatomite improves sunflower seed performances both in laboratory and field conditions. In the laboratory, an increase in seed germination and stimulation of plant growth and development were observed in the diatomite treated samples compared to the untreated control. In the field under climatic and soil conditions of the Moara Domnească area (Southern Romania), the diatomite treated samples performed better than the control, both in terms of plant growth and development as well as production elements, in three sowing dates, middle and late April and early May. The highest yields were when sowing was in the first week of May for both variants.
A Constitutional Reform in Italy to the Detriment of Systemic Balance
Authors: D'Alfonso Masarié Edoardo
Published: June 2024

In Italy, an important reform of the Italian constitution is underway: the introduction of direct elections for the head of government. This is to take place together with the election of both chambers of parliament. In addition, the composition of the two chambers is to be significantly influenced by a new "majority bonus" to be anchored in the constitution. By strengthening the power of the prime minister at the expense of guarantor functions of the head of State, Italy would therefore gain nothing in terms of democratic stability but would lose a great deal in terms of checks and balances in the political system.
Restitution durch Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit
Authors: Weller Matthias
Published: June 2024

Die Restitution nationalsozialistischer Raubkunst beschäftigt uns seit Jahrzehnten. Entgegen vieler Stimmen aus dem öffentlichen Recht liegen gegenwärtig im Feld der Restitution nationalsozialistischer Raubkunst die größten versöhnungspolitischen Chancen nicht darin, ein „Restitutionsgesetz“ anzustreben, sondern vielmehr darin, die bestehenden Möglichkeiten „privatautonomer“ Streitbeilegung durch Errichtung einer Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit auszuschöpfen.
Louise Weiss
Authors: Raby Christian
Published: June 2024

When you hear the name 'Louise Weiss', you may think of the European Parliament building in Strasbourg that bears her name, or of her election to the first European Parliament and her inaugural speech.
What may not come to mind is the woman Louise Weiss herself and the outstanding achievements throughout her life. This brief profile is a reminder that she should be remembered for her tireless search for peace, her tireless fight for women's rights, her endless humanitarian work and for being truly 'European'.
How well can we predict perinatal mortality and its associated risk factors using machine learning models-a case study on malawi
Authors: Ahmed Nadeem
Published: June 2024

The danger of death is greatest during the newborn phase of life. Determining which babies are most vulnerable before their birth they are born can have a significant impact in turning the fetal tides for the newcomers. Even though the perinatal mortality rate has improved since last two decades, Africa is still the region with highest mortality rates. This study tries to differentiate pregnant women who are at risk of giving birth to vulnerable babies in a poor southeastern country called Malawi. To find the early predictors of newborn mortality, sophisticated computational techniques such as predictive modeling can be handy. This study's goal is to compile, evaluate critically, and analyze causes of perinatal mortality in Malawi using machine learning models. Output variable in this study is binary in nature with either normal or adverse outcome. The data was unbalanced with more normal deliveries than adverse ones. After cleaning and preprocessing the data, unbalanced class issue was resolved through Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) and then the models were trained. The algorithmsproved to be handy in predicting perinatal mortality of the African country. Two ensemble models, Random Forest and Gradient Boost, have shown higher accuracy and precision scores while predicting adverse outcome of the pregnant women. Model based feature selection and Shapely Additive Explanations (SHAP) techniques identified most prominent risk factors affecting the mortality. The study included 56 features varying from previous medical record to socioeconomic condition of the women. It is noticeable that study is already conducted on women who had iron deficiency and were being observed after treating them with iron infusion through oral and ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) methods. Given the history, medical reasons dominated the outcome of pregnancies. Respiratory rate, weight of mothers, and blood pressure levels drew clear lines in separating normal births from the contrary. Secondly, economic factors are also highly deciding. Those women who spent less in hospital, whose families did not possess any land , without access to safe drinking water and belonging to daily wage earners were the most vulnerable in giving birth to the unhealthy babies. Social factors like illiteracy, early pregnancies, affiliation with certain tribes and religion also affected the birth outcome in Malawi. Those women who were given oral iron had relatively low birth casualties. Therefore, the study has shown that machine learning models are not just effective in rightly identifying mortality but also in identifying factors playing havoc for the poorly nourished women in Malawi.
POTENCIAL PARA LA PRODUCCIÓN Y COMERCIALIZACIÓN DE ÁRBOLES DE NAVIDAD EN OAXACA
Authors: Bernardino Pérez Isabel Esmeralda , Rodríguez-Ortiz Gerardo
Published: June 2024

La costumbre de colocar un árbol de navidad es una tradición en el mundo antiguo remonta a la Edad Media en los territorios escandinavos y el centro de Europa, simbolizando la esperanza de un año nuevo colmado de posibilidades con el paso del tiempo fueron ganando popularidad a nivel mundial, llegando en el siglo XVIII a tierras inglesas y posteriormente expandiéndose a Estados Unidos y al resto del mundo donde perviven en nuestros días inspirando el deseo de celebrar la magia de la navidad; e idealmente involucra a toda la familia en el proceso de decoración del árbol. (Hidalgo-Pérez, 2019).  Debido a su uso tradicional y a su importancia económica son ampliamente utilizados en muchos países; en todo el mundo, debido a esto se utilizan una variedad de especies como árboles de navidad (Xu y Braüner-Nielsen, 2023).  En México existe una larga tradición y un gran mercado donde con un promedio de 5 a 8 años las especies requieren para completar un ciclo de producción, además posee una superficie potencial de 208 millones de hectáreas para su inclusión en un programa de manejo forestal sostenible de las cuales 830, 000 ha son potencialmente aptas para la forestación comercial (PRONAFOR, 2020).
EL PAPEL BIOLÓGICO DEL SILICIO EN CULTIVOS AGRÍCOLAS: SU CONTRIBUCIÓN AL CONTROL DE PLAGAS Y ENFERMEDADES
Authors: HERNANDEZ-JUAREZ AGUSTIN , Ruiz-Aguilar María Yesenia , Aguirre-Uribe Luis Alberto , Ramírez-Barrón SONIA NOEMÍ , Pérez-Luna Yolanda del Carmen , Castro-del Ángel Epifanio
Published: June 2024

El silicio (Si), un oligoelemento muy disponible, se distingue por su capacidad de ser fácilmente absorbido, una elevada solubilidad y una especificidad en las plantas. Este aspecto resulta esencial, dado que siete de los diez cultivos más importantes a nivel mundial son reconocidos por su acumulación de Si y su respuesta positiva a su aplicación. Sin embargo, el avance y desarrollo de los cultivos agrícolas se ven restringidos por factores de estrés, ya sean bióticos o abióticos. El objetivo del presente análisis de información consistió en examinar la capacidad del silicio para activar las barreras físicas y bioquímicas en las plantas, proporcionando mecanismos eficaces de resistencia ante plagas y enfermedades. La incorporación de silicio en prácticas agrícolas posee un potencial significativo para contribuir a la seguridad alimentaria, al facilitar el desarrollo de cultivos optimizados en términos de producción. En consecuencia, se considera el uso estratégico del silicio como una fuente sostenible y beneficiosa en la producción agrícola, ofreciendo perspectivas prometedoras para mejorar la eficiencia y resiliencia de los sistemas agrícolas.
Milestones in the Development of a National Infrastructure for Nuclear Power
Authors:   INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY
Published: June 2024

The decision to develop a nuclear power programme is a significant undertaking by any country. In preparing the necessary nuclear power infrastructure, there are numerous activities that must be completed in a timely manner in line with the objectives of the nuclear power programme. This publication defines three milestones in the development of the infrastructure necessary for introducing nuclear power and provides guidance on the activities that need to be carried out before each milestone. This new revision incorporates the experiences and feedback from several countries which have already completed or progressed significantly in all three phases. It also includes an annex for outlining the specific infrastructure considerations for Small Modular Reactors, which are expected to be deployed in a number of countries in the coming years. This publication is principally for decision-makers, advisers and senior managers in government, utilities and regulatory bodies in Member States interested in introducing nuclear power.
INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL NA MEDICINA
Authors: Gabriel Marcos Oliveira Franco
Published: June 2024

A evolução da Inteligência Artificial (IA) desempenha um papel vital na transformação da medicina. Este estudo examina o impacto da IA na prática médica, abordando seu papel no diagnóstico, tratamento e gestão de cuidados de saúde. Inicialmente, são apresentados os fundamentos da IA incluindo sua definição, evolução histórica e principais tipos, com destaque para o Aprendizado de Máquina e Redes Neurais
Artificiais.
 
Em seguida, são destacadas diversas aplicações da IA na medicina, como o diagnóstico assistido, medicina personalizada, descoberta de medicamentos e telemedicina. São discutidos os benefícios dessas aplicações, como a precisão diagnóstica, tomada de decisões baseadas em evidências e eficiência na alocação de recursos.
Desenvolvimentos recentes em IA na medicina são explorados, considerando avanços tecnológicos e casos de uso notáveis. Contudo, são também levantadas preocupações éticas e desafios, como privacidade de dados, viés algorítmico e aceitação pelos profissionais de saúde e pacientes.
Estudos de caso de sistemas de IA notáveis, como o IBM Watson for Oncology e o Google Health, são examinados para ilustrar a aplicação prática da IA na medicina. Além disso, o
impacto da IA no combate à COVID-19 é destacado como um exemplo contemporâneo de sua utilidade.
O trabalho conclui com uma visão do futuro da IA na medicina, delineando possíveis avanços tecnológicos, impacto na prática médica e considerações éticas e sociais associadas. Destaca-se a importância da colaboração interdisciplinar e o papel crucial dos profissionais de saúde na utilização ética e eficaz da IA para aprimorar os cuidados de saúde.
Assessing Dandelion Seed Dispersal and Environmental Impact: A Comprehensive Study
Authors: Zhang Xian , Liao Junjie , Lian Shanshu , Zhang Tiancheng
Published: June 2024

The study investigates the dispersal range of dandelion seeds influenced by wind, considering fruit ripening and invasive species’ impact. CFD fluid dynamics simulation using Ansys Fluent software, integrating Navier-Stokes equations and turbulence theory, analyzes seed motion characteristics and dispersion dynamics in an ideal fluid domain. Parameters like air density and viscosity, representing various seasons, were adjusted in diffusion range across different time scales.We obtained the approximate distribution of dandelion seeds across different seasons and climates, finding larger dispersal areas in arid climates due to stronger winds. In comparison, temperate climates exhibit smaller areas due to gentler winds. To assess the impact of an alien plant on the local environment, we constructed judgment criteria using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Through pair-wise comparisons, we calculated weightings for criteria encompassing environmental interference, economic influence, and effects on human health. By assigning ratings to each criterion based on logical reasoning and scientific evidence, we quantified the plant’s impact, yielding a score of 5.74 out of 10 for dandelion, indicating an overall positive effect in the community. Sensitivity testing confirmed the robustness of our model.
Digital Marketing Applications in the Retail Sector: A Systematic Mapping Study
Authors: Indiani Dini , Ria Arifianti  , Anang Muftiadi
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the trends, methods, research types, and focus areas of digital marketing applications in retail from 2018 to 2022. Through a systematic mapping of fifty articles, the study aims to identify key contributions by country, prevalent research methods, types, and focal areas. The analysis reveals an overall increase in publications over the period, with a notable decline in 2022. In 2021, the United States and the United Kingdom emerged as the leading contributors to research in this field. Quantitative methods and Validation Research were found to be predominant, with Solution Papers following. A significant focus of recent research has been on Social Media Marketing and Emerging Technologies. The study provides a thorough review of recent developments in digital retail marketing, laying the groundwork for future research advancements
Organization Communication for Leadership Training Program to Create Sustainability
Authors: Pinariya Bernadette H U , Pinariya Janette Maria , Yulianti Wulan
Published: June 2024

Communication by a leader plays an important role in the process of conveying information, ideas and other things within an organisation. A leader's ability to communicate with employees, stakeholders, and clients in the most effective way is key. How organisational communication is applied in the training programme received by leaders. In the practice, decision-making, miscommunication, and ineffectiveness of activities still have the potential to occur.  For this reason, research organization communication flow for leadership training program is needed. So that the company's business can be effective and sustainable.   This research using a qualitative approach will deepen and analyse. The informants used as sources in this research are project leaders, expert instructors, organisational communication experts, user/client representatives and business development. The results showed the importance of having organisational communication to make training effective. The communication chosen should be in accordance with the culture of the organisation, and the success of the training also needs to be communicated to the public so that the organisation has good institutional value. Effective communication plays an important role in the success of leadership training programmes that aim to promote sustainability in business organisations.
Curso de LIBRAS para acadêmicos de medicina: Contribuindo na formação integral do profissional de saúde
Authors: Manaia Clemente Anna Julia , Campos Freitas Daphynne Moreira , Campos Lopes Juliana , Mota Ortiz Sandra Regina
Published: June 2024

De acordo com o CENSO 2010*, 10 milhões de brasileiros são surdos. Embora a regulamentação da Língua Brasileira de Sinais (LIBRAS) preveja garantia de atendimento à saúde e tratamento adequado às pessoas surdas, a ausência de profissionais da saúde falantes de LIBRAS dificulta o acesso desta população a um atendimento de qualidade. Este relato descreve a vivência de acadêmicos de Medicina da Universidade Nove de Julho no projeto “Libras em saúde” promovido pela IFMSA Brasil UNINOVE. O projeto, cujo objetivo era capacitar alunos para o atendimento de surdos, ofereceu um curso básico de Libras remoto com duração de 8 horas. O conteúdo programático abordou vocabulários gerais e específicos em saúde. A geração de um ambiente acolhedor entre médico-paciente, pautado na confiança, compreensão e comunicação,  promove melhores diagnósticos e maior adesão aos tratamentos. Assim, a formação em LIBRAS pelos profissionais de saúde ao favorecer a comunicação e vínculo, viabiliza o acesso e adesão desta população à saúde. A partir da aprendizagem em LIBRAS, o curso ampliou as capacidades comunicativas dos participantes, aumentando o nível de conhecimento e segurança para se comunicar, permitindo a eles promover um atendimento mais humanizado, tornando possível a inclusão dos deficientes auditivos no ambiente de saúde.
A disseminação da Ideologia de Gênero pela Igreja Católica como mecanismo de controle social da família nuclear heterossexual
Authors: Fernandes Bento Alves Weverton
Published: June 2024

O artigo analisa a disseminação da ideologia de gênero pela Igreja Católica Apostólica Romana, a fim de demonstrar a demasiada intenção do controle social da família nuclear heterossexual. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, resultado de uma revisão de literatura sistemática sobre o fenômeno analisado. Os resultados mostram que existe uma pretensão literal da Igreja Católica em disseminar um ideal de valorização e proteção da família nuclear como forma exclusiva de se constituir família, estigmatizando as demais formas de arranjos familiares possíveis. Pode-se concluir que, ao lançar mão de uma teoria/ideologia de gênero com a deturpada intenção de promoção do desenvolvimento adequado do indivíduo, a Igreja Católica termina em legitimar desigualdades e funciona como instituição promotora de preconceitos inferiorizantes dos comportamentos sociais que não deseja.
Análise semântico-enunciativa do verbo Ter
Authors: DANTAS LEILA PATRICIA
Published: June 2024

Esta proposta de trabalho parte de uma concepção de linguagem construtiva, a qual considera que não há sentido em unidades da língua fora dos seus usos, e busca fazer uma análise semântico-enunciativa do verbo ter, na perspectiva semântico-enunciativa, com base na Teoria das Operações Predicativas e Enunciativas - TOPE. A análise parte de 10 enunciados, retirados da página de comentários UOL Blog comentários e/ou manipulados pela pesquisadora. Os resultados evidenciam que só se pode determinar o sentido de uma palavra a partir da relação desta com as outras unidades do enunciado.
Assessment of Goat Milking Training Using Method and Method Demonstration Extension Teaching Methods among Rural Women in Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Adeola Atibioke Oluwatoyin , Ogunlade Isreal , Ilemaiye Festus Olorunfemi , Owojaiye Oluwasanjo Biodun , Babarinde Paul Abiodun
Published: June 2024

Milk, a good source of protein, is inadequate in supply and not affordable for the majority of the rural communities of Nigeria. To increase milk production from available animal resources, extension services have included goat milking training using video and method demonstration in their service delivery packages. This study, therefore, assessed goat milking training using video and method demonstration among rural women in Kwara State, Nigeria. The study assessed the knowledge level of the respondents (rural women who reared goats in their households) on goat milking and the perception of the respondents on goat milking training. An  Interview guide was used to collect data after training. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and the Kruskal Wallis H test. The findings of the study were that: 58.3% of the respondents had high knowledge of goat milking;  women who had a positive perception towards goat milking training conceded that the training is simple and arouse the interest of other women (WMS=2.83); perceived benefits of goat milking training were; readily available milk (( =2.64); and the video extension teaching method at two exposures was most effective, followed by method demonstration at two exposures (χ2 =83291; Pvalue ≤ 0.001). The study concluded that the video extension teaching method at two exposures is most effective and recommended its use in disseminating innovation.
Conservative Management of Chronic Subdural Haematomas
Authors:   Department of Neurosurgery, Sohar Hospital, Sultanate of Oman, Zwayed Abdulrahim , Hashimi Amal Al ,   Department of Neurologist: Khoula Hospital, Sultanate of Oman, Ali ALZoubi Mohammed ,   Department of Neurologist: Sohar Hospital, Sultanate of Oman, Shabana Amir M. ,   Department of Anaesthesia: Sohar Hospital, Sultanate of Oman, Raziek Yasser Abdul ,   Department of Radiology: Sohar Hospital, Sultanate of Oman, Hasan Alaa Yasin ,   Department of Intensive care unit: Sohar Hospital, Sultanate of Oman
Published: June 2024

Between Jan./2016 and Dec./2023(=8 years) chronic subdural haematoma cases were diagnosed in 82 patients at the Department of Neurosurgery. In this report we evaluate the therapeutic results retrospectively. The treatment was surgical in 44 patients, while 38 patients were treated medically, i.e., with corticosteroids, symptomatic medication and physiotherapy. Four surgical patients developed a recurrence which was then also treated medically. Of the 38 patients in the medically treated group, 3 had to undergo surgery later. Operose patients with distinct focal symptoms and comatose patients with incipient herniation received immediate surgical treatment. Of the 38 medically treated patients, (31 =81% were symptoms-free and 7= 19% showed residual symptoms).
Studying the association between some genetic polymorphisms and Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity
Authors: El-Shorbagy Enas A. , Kassem Amira B. , El‑Bassiouny Noha A. , Salahuddin Ahmad , Abuelsoud Nermeen Nabeel
Published: June 2024

Anthracyclines are a crucial component of chemotherapy regimens used to treat a range of malignancies in children and adults. However, cardiac dysfunction and heart failure frequently limit the therapeutic efficacy of anthracyclines. The risk of heart dysfunction increases with increasing doses of anthracycline. Cardiotoxicity is a challenging side effect of DOX, which is cumulative and irreversible; this necessitates assessing the cardiac functions in cancer patients before and after the use of    DOX to avoid permanent cardiac damage. Serial measurements of left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) are commonly used for cardiac monitoring during anthracycline treatment. In some studies, cardiotoxicity was defined as LVEF decrease by an absolute 10% and/or below 55%; in others, cardiotoxicity was defined as a decrease below 45%. A serious disadvantage of this test is radioactivity exposure and the low predictability of pre-symptomatic cardiac damage. Blood cardiac biomarkers, such as cardiac troponins and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), have been used in heart failure diagnostics. Susceptibility to DOX cardiotoxicity is largely individual, with some patients developing cardiomyopathy at low doses and others tolerating much higher cumulative doses, and this may suggest the presence of genetic predisposition factors. Genetic variations in CBR3 and ABCC1 genes were suggested to contribute to DOX adverse effects. This review highlights the genetic basis for anthracycline-related cardiac dysfunction, focuses on particular genes that have been implicated in innate predisposition to ACT, and assessment of cardiotoxicity.
Formulation and evaluation of medicated microemulsion for topical application
Authors: Abdelrahim Mohamed E. , Abdelbary Ahmed , Ghorab Mahmoud
Published: June 2024

Backgroungs
Microemulsion is a clear thermodynamically stable dispersion of two immiscible liquids with carefully adjusted emulsifier(s). It can be used as a vehicle for many different drugs and dosage forms.
Methods
To formulate a microemulsion for topical use from cheap components a pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed with formulae consisting of paraffin oil, cosurfactant (sorbitol or glycerol), surfactant (Brij97) and water. The existence of microemulsion regions was demonstrated.
Indomethacin was added to the best formulae, which produce microemulsions in gel form and evaluating them for their physical characters, release rate, physical and chemical stability and Pharmacodynamic.
Results
Fifty five formulae produce stable microemulsions in gel form. On incorporation of indomethacin only four formulae remain stable, clear formulae. They were used for further studies. Their order of drug release rate was first order. The four formulae were stable when stored at room temperature, or under stress. Shelf life of them would be minimum of 492 days and maximum of 712 days.
Indomethacin significantly inhibits edema, induced in rat paw by different percentage. Effect of the prepared microemulsions were between the effect of commercial injection form, highest effect, and commercial topical form, lowest effect.
Conclusions
The microemulsion formulae prepared with paraffin oil, brij97, sorbitol or glycerol and water showed acceptable physical properties, drug release, stability and Pharmacodynamic effect.
The Evolution and Review of Regulatory Changes on Emerging Asian Mutual Fund Industry Post-Global Financial Crisis
Authors: Kumar Suresh , Ali Hyder , Asim Muhammad , Sajjad Waseem
Published: June 2024

The proposed research paper aims to explore the significant transformations in the mutual fund industry following the global financial crisis of 2007-2009, with a particular focus on regulatory changes and their effects on mutual fund performance and investor confidence. The study will examine how new liquidity related regulations, such as enhanced liquidity-related disclosures, have contributed to the industry's resilience and growth. Additionally, the paper will analyze the disparity in mutual fund objectives and compositions across different regions, specifically comparing the dominant markets of the United States, and Emerging Asian, markets. By investigating the evolution of open-ended and exchange-traded funds as the fastest-growing investment vehicles post-crisis, this research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current state and future prospects of the global mutual fund industry.
DOES HIGH-INTENSITY RESISTANCE TRAINING AFFECT AN ATHLETE'S IMMUNE FUNCTIONS?
Authors: Mohammed Mohammed , Aboshkair Kamil , Salem May
Published: June 2024

This research aims to comprehensively examine the latest literature on the effects of high-intensity resistance training on the immune system's long-term performance. Many athletes and active individuals believe that moderate physical activity can enhance resistance to minor illnesses like upper respiratory tract infections (URTI), while intense exercise may have the opposite effect. The study involved 90 athletes who regularly train at Ahly Sporting Club and were divided into three groups: Group 1 included 30 athletes at rest, Group 2 comprised 30 athletes after normal training, and Group 3 had 30 athletes after intense training. Athletes who undergo intense training have lower total white blood cell counts than those who train at normal or resting levels. However, their neutrophil numbers slightly increase after heavy training, while lymphocyte and natural killer cell levels decrease. Additionally, those who undergo heavy training have higher PHA-induced proliferation levels but show a decline in serum immunoglobulin levels, mucosal immunoglobulin concentrations, and plasma glutamine levels. To prevent upper respiratory tract infections in athletes, it is essential to avoid over training and provide sufficient rest and recovery during and after training and competition. It is currently uncertain whether moderate exercise training can prevent infectious illness among the general population.
IMPLEMENTING BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY FOR PROJECT BUFFER MONITORING AND PROGRESS SHARING IN CRITICAL CHAIN PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Authors: Bahnas Nermeen , Adel Kareem , Khallaf Rana , Elhakeem Ahmed
Published: June 2024

Construction and engineering projects often face delays and inefficiencies, which can be attributed to various factors. CCPM, a resource-focused project management technique, utilizes buffers strategically to mitigate delays. By leveraging blockchain's shared and secure ledger capabilities, this study proposes a framework for effectively measuring, monitoring, and controlling CCPM projects. The integration of blockchain technology aims to provide a more efficient approach to meeting project milestones and supporting project plan success. This paper explores the implementation of blockchain technology to enhance project buffer monitoring and progress sharing in Critical Chain Project Management (CCPM).
A DEEP LEARNING MODEL FOR EFFECTIVE CYCLONE INTENSITY ESTIMATION
Authors: Narendra Babu A. , S. V. Supraja K. , Praneetha A. , Manoj G. , Kota Lokesh G. , S. Brahmanandam P.
Published: June 2024

Tropical cyclones are extremely dangerous weather phenomena that cause significant damage to human life, property, economy, agriculture, and development. Currently, various methods are being used to estimate cyclone intensity. One such method is the objective deviation angle variance technique, which estimates the intensity of tropical cyclones from satellite infrared imagery by performing statistical analysis of the brightness of those images. The limitation of this method is that it requires images with properly marked cyclone centers. Another method to estimate cyclone intensity involves feature engineering and machine learning, however, which is a manual process. To address the limitations associated with the above conventional methods, a new approach is being proposed that uses a deep learning mechanism to design a CYCLONE NETWORK (CY-Net) model. This model will estimate the cyclone intensity by using INSAT-3D infrared (IR) images. The CY-Net model is developed based on structural, intensification, and landfall features along with biasing parameters such as wind speed, sea level pressure, and sea surface temperature. The INSAT 3D data is given as input to the model for training, testing, and validation. It undergoes convolution along with the Re-lu activation function to generate feature maps, max pooling, sub-convolution, and fully connected layers. The stochastic gradient descent factor is measured to implement the backpropagation. The Stochastic gradient and backpropagation network are implemented to obtain the best filter coefficients. The trained, tested, and validated model is deployed in Python-flask for web application and then hosted using the web servers for web application. This approach uses advanced machine learning techniques to estimate cyclone intensity and has the potential to improve accuracy and reduce manual effort.
DEFECTS MINIMIZATION USING DESIGN OF EXPERIMENT BASED DMAIC APPLICATION: A CASE OF ROYAL PVC
Authors: Shihab Ud Din Muhammad , Tahir Muhammad
Published: June 2024

Currently there is 19% rejection in manufacturing occurring due to poor quality. The data was collected and Pareto analysis ranked the defects in descending order according to their counts. The major factors identified are materials composition, temperature of extruder machine, speed of the pull conveyer and feed rate of the motor. ANOVA for diameter is analyzed against the compositions and temperature of the extruder machine. Both samples were rejected based on software results and shown that the variation is uniform. Color failure analysis is based on verbal communication with dealers and SMEs at site work. In the improvement phase, two levels were selected for each factor (temperature, feed rate and conveyer speed) and the experiment is designed as three factors factorial design. Main effect and interaction effects were identified and consequently, the conveyer speed and the interaction of temperature and feed rate (2-way interaction) were found to be significant factors.
EVOLUTION OF TRENDS AFFECTING THE TOURISM INDUSTRY: BUSINESS CHALLENGES IN THE FUTURE
Authors: Smolčić Jurdana Dora
Published: June 2024

Tourism is a global industry that develops all over the world and whose economic and social phenomenon is reflected on the whole society; tourism is undoubtedly much more than a business system. At the same time, in this decade, the tourism industry faced the biggest crisis so far (the COVID-19 pandemic), which pointed to the need for the development of resilient and sustainable tourism. The paper investigates the trends that determined the development of tourism in this and the future period, the changes in the tourist market that were additionally initiated and intensified due to the pandemic, and that determined the trends present after the end of the pandemic period and restrictions on the traveling of tourists, too. The challenges that business stakeholders in tourism and the management of tourist destinations have to deal with in a highly competitive environment are explored: demographic trends, sustainability, digitization, accessibility.
ART Resenha: Discurso de Ódio
Authors: Neto Albérico
Published: June 2024

Resenha: BUTLER, Judith. Discurso de Ódio. São Paulo: Editora Unesp, 2021, 282 p.
ART A SUPOSTA TEORIA DO GREAT REPLACEMENT NA EUROPA E A SUA INADEQUAÇÃO COM OS DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Silva Diógenes , Leal Samara
Published: June 2024

O artigo em tela analisará as condições gerais de migração. Ato contínuo serão confrontados o ato de migrar como sendo um direito humano de primeira ordem. Em seguida serão abordados aspectos referentes a uma das várias a falsas teorias conspiratórias contra imigrantes, bem como a sua falta de conformidade com os direitos humanos.
ART CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA POESIA NO PROCESSO DE ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Silva da Cruz Jacilene
Published: June 2024

A poesia é sopro de vida que encanta, humaniza e desembrutece. Pensando-a como algo inerente ao indivíduo, este artigo surge com o propósito de apresentar algumas contribuições da poesia no ensino do professor e na aprendizagem do aluno. A metodologia utilizada perpassou pelas pesquisas bibliográfica, documental e de campo, com abordagem qualitativa e o pensar fenomenológico. Os sujeitos foram professores de Língua Portuguesa do Ensino Médio da Escola Estadual Gonçalves Dias, em Boa Vista – RR. Através de entrevista não diretiva, pode-se perceber que, além de enriquecer o vocabulário e formar o leitor, a poesia significa o conteúdo, levando o aluno a formação mais humana, objetivo maior, inegociável e inegável da Educação. Por fim, ressalta-se ainda que autores como Macedo (2021), Zilberman (2009), Eliot (1991), Paz (1982), Moisés (2019), dentre outros ajudaram a compor essa escrita.
Perancangan Sistem Rekomendasi untuk Menentukan Supplier Bahan Baku Menggunakan Metode TOPSIS (Studi Kasus: PT XYZ)
Authors: Yonata Yosi , Fiarni Cut , Soefian Budiyanty
Published: June 2024

PT XYZ adalah salah satu perusahaan yang memproduksi berbagai macam jenis plastik dengan kebutuhan kapasitas bahan baku kurang lebih 4 sampai 6 ton setiap harinya. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan yang besar tersebut, manager pembelian membutuhkan suplai bahan baku lebih dari satu supplier, di mana saat ini, dalam mencari dan menentukan supplier bahan baku, perusahaan hanya bergantung kepada manager pembelian. Keputusan pemilihan supplier tersebut berdasarkan ingatan manager pembelian saja dan kriteria yang digunakan belum distandarisasi (dapat berubah-ubah). Melihat masalah tersebut, dapat dilihat bahwa ketersediaan informasi yang tepat memegang peranan penting untuk kelancaran produksi dari PT XYZ. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, dibuatlah sebuah sistem rekomendasi dengan menggunakan metode TOPSIS yang mampu membantu manager pembelian dalam memberikan urutan list (ranking)supplier terbaik berupa prioritas terhadap solusi ideal dengan pemberian bobot yang dinamis dari skala 1 (prioritas terendah) sampai 5 (prioritas tertinggi) dari enam kriteria pemilihan supplier yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan PT XYZ. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian sistem rekomendasi menggunakan metode TOPSIS, manager pembelian dapat memperoleh hasil rekomendasi supplier dari supplier terbaik sampai supplier terburuk, dapat menentukan dan mengatur tingkat kepentingan dari enam kriteria pemilihan supplier beserta kapasitas bahan baku yang dibutuhkan oleh PT XYZ.PT XYZ is a company that manufactures various types of plastic with a large capacity of raw materials for about 4 until 6 tons each day. To complete their daily needs, purchasing manager needs more than one supplier. Now, in order to find and decide raw material suppliers, the company relies only on purchasing manager. Choice of the supplier is based on purchasing manager's memory and those criterias have not standarized by the company. Based on these problem, we can conclude that information plays an important role for PT XYZ. To overcome these problems, PT XYZ made a recommendation system using TOPSIS method that will help purchasing manager to list the recommended supplier based on the priority of the ideal solution with scored with scale 1 for lowest priority until 5 for the highest priority. It is based on the criterias met by PT XYZ. Based on the test result using TOPSIS method, purchasing managers can obtain the recommendation of the best suppliers until the less recommended suppliers along with the raw material capacity that needed by PT XYZ.
Penerapan Metode Mel Frequency Ceptral Coefficient dan Learning Vector Quantization untuk Text-Dependent Speaker Identification
Authors: Widodo Sukoreno Mukti , Siswanto Elisafina , Sudjana Oetomo
Published: June 2024

Layanan keamanan pada umumnya menggunakan kata sandi untuk membatasi dan mengontrol akses layanan tersebut.Kata sandi yang biasa digunakan sering kali berbentuk teks.Penggunaan kata sandi dengan bentuk teks dianggap masih kurang aman karena sering kali terjadi kebocoran. Maka dari itu dibutuhkanlah bentuk lain dari kata sandi, untuk meningkatkan keamanan dalam mengakses layanan atau data tertentu. Salah satunya adalah dalam bentuk suara. Sistem ini berbasis pada input berupa file audio dengan data ucapan yang bergantung pada teks atau text-dependent dengan output adalah identitas pembicara yang teridentifikasi. Pada penelitian ini, sistem pengenalan pembicara dibuat untuk dapat mengenali suara pembicara dengan menggunakan Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients yang digunakan untuk melakukan ekstraksi fitur dari data suara sehingga dihasilkan fitur-fitur yang mewakili pembicara tersebut dan metode Learning Vector Quantization yang digunakan untuk melatih data-data hasil ekstraksi dan mencocokan data latih dengan data baru sehingga didapatkan identitas dari pembicara berdasarkan suara tersebut. Dari hasil pengujian pada sistem ini, didapatkan identification rate tertinggi adalah 88.9% dengan menggunakan data dengan durasi sekitar 8 detik. Security services generally use a password to restrict and control access to its services. Many password used is often in the text form. This type of password is considered less secure because it can be obtained by unauthorized people. Other forms of password are required to increase the security in accessing services or specific data such as voices. This system is based on the input of an audio file such as utterance that depends on text or text-dependent. In this study, the speaker recognition system is made to recognize the speaker of an audio file using Mel-Frequency Ceptral Coefficients for extracting voice data to produce features that represent the speaker and Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ) to train the data extraction and matching training data with new data to obtain the identity of the speaker based on the sound. From the experiment result, obtained the highest identification rate is 88.9% using data with a duration about 8 seconds.
Metode Convex Hull dan Convexity Defects untuk Pengenalan Isyarat Tangan
Authors: Yuliana Nina , Wardani Ken Ratri Retno
Published: June 2024

Teknik Interaksi Manusia dan Komputer (IMK) mengalami perkembangan pesat. Dibuktikan dengan banyak teknik baru dengan antarmuka yang alami dan mudah digunakan tanpa peralatan eksternal yang khusus. Pada penelitian ini diterapkan pengenalan isyarat tangan pada IMK agar dapat berinteraksi dengan komputer tanpa dibatasi oleh penggunaan tetikus. Isyarat tangan yang akan dikenali terdiri atas 8 isyarat yang merupakan kombinasi dari ibu jari, jari telunjuk, dan jari kelingking karena mewakili operasi dasar yang sering digunakan pada tetikus. Setiap jari dalam posisi direntangkan dan tidak berhimpitan. Tangan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah tangan kiri. Background model dan sampel warna kulit diperlukan sebagai masukan. Pengolahan citra digunakan untuk mendapatkan segmentasi tangan dengan menggunakan algoritma Freeman Chain Code. Hasilnya digunakan pada proses ekstraksi fitur. Proses ekstraksi fitur terdiri atas algoritma: Convex Hull untuk mencari titik Hull sebagai ujung jari, Convexity Defects mencari titik defects sebagai deskripsi jari, dan Maximum Inscribed Circle (MIC) untuk deteksi titik pusat telapak tangan. Hasil penelitian berhasil mengenali isyarat tangan dengan nilai akurasi lebih dari 90% dengan kondisi pencahayaan kurang dan cukup. Techniques of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) growing rapidly. Many new techniques with a natural interface and easy to use without any special external equipment. In this research apply to the HCI hand gesture recognition to interact with  the computer without being limited by mouse. Hand gesture to be recognized consists of 8 cues, the combination of the thumb, forefinger and little finger to represent the basic operations of a mouse. Each finger in a stretched position, do not coincide, and the hands are used in this study are left hand. Background models and samples of skin color is required as input. Image processing is used to obtain the hand segmentation using Freeman chain code algorithms and the results will be used in the process of feature extraction.  The feature extraction process consists of  algorithms Convex hull to find points as fingertips, convexity defects  lookout point defects as a description of the fingers, and palms central point detection using maximum Inscribed circle (MIC). The results showed that the method of Convex Hull and Convexity Defects managed to recognize hand signals with an accuracy value of more than 90% with sufficient and less lighting conditions.