bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Absence and Presence: Nona Faustine and the Black Body in the National History of the United States
Authors: Shelby Karen
Published: February 2023

How should the history of Black Americans be included in the physical landscape and memorialised? What new visual vocabularies are needed to expand the idea of the nation? Nona Faustine’s White Shoes series (begun in 2012) provides a compelling counternarrative to stereotypical and racist representations of Black Americans in public spaces. With her body, Faustine explores the links between colonialism, racism, and capitalism that continues to be celebrated in public monuments in the United States. Her works invite viewers to participate in and interact with the built environment in new ways that acknowledge these public spaces as sites of nationalism intimately connected to the history of US racism – slave labour, Jim Crow, and police violence. In White Shoes, Nona Faustine contests dominant and entrenched national myths through the materiality of her body – her Black body. Her interventions in public space re-inscribe a neglected history onto the urban landscapes of New York City. Faustine’s work challenges white patriarchal dominance through mediated images of Black bodies by creating presence where there is absence.
Farming The Nation: Agrarian Parties and the National Question in Interwar Europe
Authors: Cabo Villaverde Miguel
Published: February 2023

Agrarian parties played a key role in many European countries during the interwar period, particularly in Scandinavia, Central and Eastern Europe. Though quite heterogenous in almost every respect, they had enough in common to jointly found the Prague-based Green International or International Agrarian Bureau (IAB) (1921- 1938).
Although their ideological foundations lacked the depth and coherence of other political families such as liberalism or socialism, circumstances obliged agrarian parties to elaborate lengthy discourses on nationalism and nation-building. The writings of leaders and thinkers in the vein of Milan Hodža, Antonín Švehla or Alexandr Stamboliski, as well as the Bulletin of the IAB, provide enough material for a discussion of their views on these matters. These debates were not merely theoretical because agrarian parties were constantly confronted with the national question, either as minority-based parties within multi-ethnic countries (for example the HSS in Croatia), or as mainstream parties bent on redefining the national identity of their countries in accordance with their (rural) values (for example the Bulgarian Agrarian Union or the Parti Agraire et Paysan Français). Another source of contradiction was their vision of countryfolk as the purest expression of national identity, which often made them hard to distinguish from strictly nationalist parties, together with their support of regional federations aiming at a European confederation.
Book review: Flamenco Nation. The Construction of Spanish National Identity.
Authors: Nagore Ferrer María
Published: February 2023

Sandie Holguín, Flamenco Nation. The Construction of Spanish National Identity. Madison, Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Press, 2019, 361 pp, 40 illustrations. ISBN 9780299321802
Book review: Note on the book review published in SNM 5 (2020)
Authors: Mees Ludger
Published: February 2023

Note on the book review published in SNM 5 (2020): Barbara Loyer on Ludger Mees, The Basque Contention. Ethnicity, Politics, Violence, Routledge, London / New York, 2020, p. 232-240.
The Politics of Diversity in Disputed Border Regions during Times of Uncertainty: Upper Silesia, Teschen Silesia, and Orava (1918-19)
Authors: Kailitz Steffen , Paul Sebastian , Wehowski Matthäus
Published: February 2023

Based on a discussion of the argument that there might be tensions between interwoven processes of nationalization and democratization we address the following question: Do divisions – regarding ethnic, culture as well as gender, religion and social class – hinder governance and coherent decision making in an uncertain time of transition to democracy? In our article we focus on the politics of the workers’, farmers’ and soldiers’ councils after the “Great War” 1918/19 in the multinational border regions of Upper Silesia, Teschen Silesia, and Orava. We conclude that keeping law and order as well as improving the supply situation was the councils’ main task. Even though and in spite of the prevalent phenomenon of national indifference in the regions, the question of national orientation and therefore the belonging of a region to Germany, Poland or Czechoslovakia overshadowed the councils’ policy making. Still, they had a considerable ability to reconciliate differing political interests between the national camps in the regions.
Nationalism and War: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Hutchinson John
Published: February 2023

There is a huge literature relevant to exploring aspects of the interrelationships between nationalism and warfare, but there are few systematic accounts of these linkages.
Everyday nationalism. A review of the literature
Authors: Knott Eleanor
Published: February 2023

Everyday nationalism, a sub-field in nationalism studies, focuses on the agency not of elites, but of ordinary people, as the co-constituents, participants and consumers of national symbols, rituals and identities. It is a topic of great importance in the State of Nationalism series.
Beyond invisibility. Uses of comparison in Welsh cultural nationalism
Authors: Williams Daniel Gwydion
Published: February 2023

This article explores the uses made of comparison in transcending the alleged invisibility of minorities. Beginning with the suggestive fact that African-American Ralph Ellison began conceiving of his seminal novel Invisible Man while a merchant marine stationed in wartime Swansea, South Wales, the article proceeds to explore the ways in which Welsh nationalist authors and thinkers have compared their plight to that of others. Emrys ap Iwan was one of the first to describe the Welsh experience in broadly colonial terms, and to lampoon English monolingualism in the mirror of European multilingualism. Saunders Lewis developed ap Iwans thinking by emphasising the ways in which Wales had been cut off form its natural home in Europe by the development of the imperial British state. If some writers turned to Europe, others turned to the United Staes for comparative sources. Jon Dressels problematic comparison of Wales with the Southern States is discussed as an example of the dangerous implications of some comparisons. The article seeks to demonstrate that national visibility and invisibility can only emerge in relation to one another. Recognition - that is recognising the Other and being recognised by an other - is where nationalism finds its cultural embodiment and expression.
The Catalan case on trial. The making of heroic leadership on a courtroom stage
Authors: Esculies Joan
Published: February 2023

During the 20th century, several outstanding Catalan politicians became famous after being judged in court. Their trial experience was crucial for the later development of their successful careers. Taking full advantage of the political nature of their court cases, all succeeded in presenting themselves as heroes and/or martyrs of the Catalan cause against Spanish governmental oppression. All subsequently became, or already were, presidents of Catalan autonomous rule: Enric Prat de la Riba, Francesc Macià, Lluís Companys and Jordi Pujol. With a comparative approach, the author attempts to show how politicians have used trials as a stage or as a public platform to gain popularity.
Not yet another journal on nationalism?
Authors: Boeva Luc , Stynen Andreas
Published: February 2023

In 2008 an international research, heuristic and archival platform of scholars and institutes was established: NISE, acronym for National movements and Intermediary Structures in Europe. Its main objective is to enable comparative and transnational studies on national movements in general and their intermediary structures in particular: political parties, cultural associations and social organisations, the people associated with these structures (persons in charge, activists, representatives, ideologists...), and the programmes and goals as articulated in their publications and archives. Mapping out personal and institutional relations between national movements also enables researchers to study political and cultural transfers. And theoreticians of nationalism are given the opportunity to make use of more controlled and structured empirical data than ever before.
The Flemish movement and Flemish nationalism. Instruments, historiography and debates
Authors: De Wever Bruno Leon Julius Maria
Published: February 2023

This article gives a concise overview of the historiography of the Flemish movement and the Belgian nationality conflict. It addresses the main working instruments and scientific infrastructure. Furthermore it provides an overview of the basic works and the most significant literature in English, French and German. It detects the theoretical frameworks and gives a brief overview of the smouldering historiographical debates: the social players of the Flemish movement in the 19th century; the impact of World War I on Flemish nation building; the Flemish movement during the interwar years and World War II; the ideological developments of the Flemish movement and the Belgian state reform after World War II.
The historiography of an 'invisible nation'. Debating Brittany
Authors: Kernalegenn Tudi , Fournis Yann
Published: February 2023

Brittany appears to be an 'invisible nation', in as much the nationalist movement fails to establish a hegemonic representation of the Breton society as a nation in resistance against French nation building. This brief analysis of Breton historiography intends to show that two historiographical cycles (1830-1964 and from 1964 onwards) offer a contrasting narrative of the historicity of the Breton society. After a static and 'ontological' stage, the more recent conception of historical development is centred on a dynamic conception of the nation, highlighting the overlap of national and social issues in each historical phase. This 'refondation' contributes to a real inclusion of nationalism in the current Breton society but, too, nourishes severe polemics in the media around the history and historiography of the nationalist movement. Finally, the lately intervention of the scientific knowledge is welcomed: it helps to reframe these debates around significant facts, even if work is still needed to really understand the pending Breton paradox: a strong and recognised identity, which lacks any determinant political translation up to now.
Bayernpartei archives at the ADVN. Inventory
Authors: Cobbaert Tom , Bossaert Sophie
Published: February 2023

The Bayernpartei archives were originally preserved in binders, but ADVN reorganised and weeded them. ADVN classified the archives according to its model scheme for archives of organisations.
Book Review: R. McMahon (ed.), National races. Transnational Power Struggles in the Sciences and Politics of Human Diversity, 1840-1945
Authors: Zantedeschi Francesca
Published: February 2023

Book review of R. McMahon (ed.), National races. Transnational Power Struggles in the Sciences and Politics of Human Diversity, 1840-1945
Developing an instrument to measure student's perception of the medical education curriculum from the perspective of Communities of Practice theory
Authors: Susani Yoga Pamungkas , Rahayu Gandes Retno , Prabandari Yayi Suryo , Sanusi Rossi , Mardiwiyoto Harsono
Published: February 2023

The concept of participation as a learning process is essential to foster professional identity development. Faculties are expected to provide a curriculum that supports students' participation in the profession's context. Curriculum evaluation is needed to assess the extent to which curriculum implementation supports participation. In this regard, this study aims to develop instruments that measure students' perceptions of the medical education curriculum. The blueprint for the instrument's development was based on the concept of participation in communities of practice theory. Qualitative research, which involved 17 pre-clinical and clinical medical students as participants, was conducted to explore medical students' perception about formal learning activities that encourage participation. The results were used to generate the items. A series of review processes, item reduction, revisions, and analysis generated 20 items in four factors, namely: engagement support, imagination support, convergence, and feedback. This shows that the instrument is multidimensional. The instrument also has good discriminant validity and composite reliability.
Boletín Agroclimático Nacional No.95
Authors:   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA,   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales, Bogotá (Colombia),   Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura, Bogotá (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

El Boletín Agroclimático Nacional es elaborado por la Mesa Técnica Agroclimática Nacional, liderada por el Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural-MADR, en alianza con la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura – FAO y el Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales-IDEAM y el apoyo de gremios del sector agropecuario, la academia, Secretarías de Agricultura, entre otros actores del orden nacional y local. Este documento contiene el análisis del comportamiento del clima en diferentes regiones del país y brinda recomendaciones para una mejor proyección de las actividades agrícolas y pecuarias.
Socioeconómico y ambiental: manejo y conservación de suelos
Authors: Varón Ramírez Viviana Marcela , Rodríguez Borray Gonzalo Alfredo , Forero Camacho Cesar Augusto , Roa Ortiz Santiago Andrés , Ramírez Gómez Maria Margarita , López Lopera Juan Gonzalo , López González Ximena , Avendaño Avendaño Diego Fernando , Deantonio Florido Leidy Yibeth
Published: February 2023

Da a conocer las funciones que el suelo presta al ecosistema, condiciones típicas de los suelos degradados, situación general de los suelos en las regiones paneleras, alternativas de manejo.
Internet Use for Obtaining Medicine Information: Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Bergmo Trine Strand , Sandsdalen Vilde , Manskow Unn Sollid , Småbrekke Lars , Waaseth Marit
Published: February 2023

Background

The internet is increasingly being used as a source of medicine-related information. People want information to facilitate decision-making and self-management, and they tend to prefer the internet for ease of access. However, it is widely acknowledged that the quality of web-based information varies. Poor interpretation of medicine information can lead to anxiety and poor adherence to drug therapy. It is therefore important to understand how people search, select, and trust medicine information.

Objective

The objectives of this study were to establish the extent of internet use for seeking medicine information among Norwegian pharmacy customers, analyze factors associated with internet use, and investigate the level of trust in different sources and websites.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of pharmacy customers recruited from all but one community pharmacy in Tromsø, a medium size municipality in Norway (77,000 inhabitants). Persons (aged ≥16 years) able to complete a questionnaire in Norwegian were asked to participate in the study. The recruitment took place in September and October 2020. Due to COVID-19 restrictions, social media was also used to recruit medicine users.

Results

A total of 303 respondents reported which sources they used to obtain information about their medicines (both prescription and over the counter) and to what extent they trusted these sources. A total of 125 (41.3%) respondents used the internet for medicine information, and the only factor associated with internet use was age. The odds of using the internet declined by 5% per year of age (odds ratio 0.95, 95% CI 0.94-0.97; P=.048). We found no association between internet use and gender, level of education, or regular medicine use. The main purpose reported for using the internet was to obtain information about side effects. Other main sources of medicine information were physicians (n=191, 63%), pharmacy personnel (n=142, 47%), and medication package leaflets (n=124, 42%), while 36 (12%) respondents did not obtain medicine information from any sources. Note that 272 (91%) respondents trusted health professionals as a source of medicine information, whereas 58 (46%) respondents who used the internet trusted the information they found on the internet. The most reliable websites were the national health portals and other official health information sites.

Conclusions

Norwegian pharmacy customers use the internet as a source of medicine information, but most still obtain medicine information from health professionals and packet leaflets. People are aware of the potential for misinformation on websites, and they mainly trust high-quality sites run by health authorities.
CD4/CD8 Ratio Recovered as a Predictor of Decreased Liver Damage in Adults Infected With HIV: 16-Year Observational Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Liang Bingyu , Sun Rujing , Liao Yanyan , Nong Aidan , He Jinfeng , Qin Fengxiang , Ou Yanyun , Che Jianhua , Wu Zhenxian , Yang Yuan , Qin Jiao , Cai Jie , Bao Lijuan , Ye Li , Liang Hao
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

As the life expectancy of individuals infected with HIV continues to increase, vigilant monitoring of non–AIDS-related events becomes imperative, particularly those pertaining to liver diseases. In comparison to the general population, patients infected with HIV experience a higher frequency of liver-related deaths. The CD4/CD8 ratio is emerging as a potential biomarker for non–AIDS-related events. However, few existing studies have been specially designed to explore the relationship between the CD4/CD8 ratio and specific types of non–AIDS-related events, notably liver damage.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the potential association between the CD4/CD8 ratio and the development of liver damage in a sizable cohort of patients infected with HIV receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART). Additionally, the study sought to assess the effectiveness of 3 antiretroviral drugs in recovering the CD4/CD8 ratio and reducing the occurrence of liver damage in this population.

METHODS

We conducted an observational cohort study among adults infected with HIV receiving ART from 2004 to 2020 in Guangxi, China. Propensity score matching, multivariable Cox proportional hazard, and Fine-Gray competing risk regression models were used to determine the relationship between the CD4/CD8 ratio recovered and liver damage.

RESULTS

The incidence of liver damage was 20.12% among 2440 eligible individuals during a median follow-up period of 4 person-years. Patients whose CD4/CD8 ratio did not recover to 1.0 exhibited a higher incidence of liver damage compared to patients with a CD4/CD8 ratio recovered (adjusted hazard ratio 7.90, 95% CI 4.39-14.21; P<.001; subdistribution hazard ratio 6.80, 95% CI 3.83-12.11; P<.001), findings consistent with the propensity score matching analysis (adjusted hazard ratio 6.94, 95% CI 3.41-14.12; P<.001; subdistribution hazard ratio 5.67, 95% CI 2.74-11.73; P<.001). The Efavirenz-based regimen exhibited the shortest time for CD4/CD8 ratio recovery (median 71, IQR 49-88 months) and demonstrated a lower prevalence of liver damage (4.18/100 person-years).

CONCLUSIONS

Recovery of the CD4/CD8 ratio was associated with a decreased risk of liver damage in patients infected with HIV receiving ART, adding evidence for considering the CD4/CD8 ratio as a potential marker for identifying individuals at risk of non–AIDS-related diseases. An efavirenz-based regimen emerged as a recommended choice for recovering the CD4/CD8 ratio and mitigating the risk of liver damage.

CLINICALTRIAL
Correction: Wearable Artificial Intelligence for Anxiety and Depression: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Abd-alrazaq Alaa , AlSaad Rawan , Aziz Sarah , Ahmed Arfan , Denecke Kerstin , Househ Mowafa , Farooq Faisal , Sheikh Javaid
Published: February 2023

UNSTRUCTURED
Clinical Outcomes and Vaccine Effectiveness for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in People Attending Advanced CKD Clinics
Authors: Roushani Jian , Thomas Doneal , Oliver Matthew J. , Ip Jane , Yeung Angie , Tang Yiwen , Brimble Kenneth Scott , Levin Adeera , Hladunewich Michelle A. , Cooper Rebecca , Blake Peter G.
Published: February 2023

Background

People with advanced CKD are at high risk of mortality and morbidity from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We measured rates of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and severe outcomes in a large population attending advanced CKD clinics during the first 21 months of the pandemic. We examined risk factors for infection and case fatality, and we assessed vaccine effectiveness in this population.

Methods

In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed data on demographics, diagnosed SARS-CoV-2 infection rates, outcomes, and associated risk factors, including vaccine effectiveness, for people attending a province-wide network of advanced CKD clinics during the first four waves of the pandemic in Ontario, Canada.

Results

In a population of 20,235 patients with advanced CKD, 607 were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection over 21 months. The case fatality rate at 30 days was 19% overall but declined from 29% in the first wave to 14% in the fourth. Hospitalization and intensive care unit (ICU) admission rates were 41% and 12%, respectively, and 4% started long-term dialysis within 90 days. Significant risk factors for diagnosed infection on multivariable analysis included lower eGFR, higher Charlson Comorbidity Index, attending advanced CKD clinics for more than 2 years, non-White ethnicity, lower income, living in the Greater Toronto Area, and long-term care home residency. Being doubly vaccinated was associated with lower 30-day case fatality rate (odds ratio [OR], 0.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.03 to 0.52). Older age (OR, 1.06 per year; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.08) and higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (OR, 1.11 per unit; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.23) were associated with higher 30-day case fatality rate.

Conclusions

People attending advanced CKD clinics and diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the first 21 months of the pandemic had high case fatality and hospitalization rates. Fatality rates were significantly lower in those who were doubly vaccinated.

Podcast

This article contains a podcast at https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2023_04_10_CJN0000000000000087.mp3
La química computacional como mediación pedagógica para el aprendizaje de conceptos fundamentales de química general
Authors: Suárez Millán María Del Carmen , Betancourt Arango Juan Pablo
Published: February 2023

En la educación de hoy, han surgido diversas áreas que permiten apoyar los procesos de enseñanza – aprendizaje de la química para las generaciones actuales de docentes y estudiantes. Un ejemplo de ello, es la química computacional la cual ha sido representativa como mediación pedagógica, dado que, actualmente se ha fortalecido la interacción entre el aprendizaje y los diferentes aplicativos tecnológicos; que permiten no solo el análisis predictivo de las propiedades químicas de gran variedad de compuestos, sino que, también son utilizados en el aula de clase, como una herramienta pedagógica – didáctica, que induce a los procesos de mediación para incentivar la comprensión de los conceptos químicos. De esta manera, con el uso del aplicativo tecnológico MolecularARweb, se llevó a cabo una intervención en un aula de clase, en donde, se analizó de forma cualitativa – descriptiva la asimilación y el entendimiento de conceptos como: 1) modelo atómico, 2) orbital, 3) enlace química, y el rol pedagógico que a su vez proporciona el uso de este tipo de aplicaciones, para explicar conceptos que no son claros a simple vista por los estudiantes, logrando así, una variación significativa en el aprendizaje al momento de utilizar dicha herramienta pedagógica.
Secuencia de actividades para la enseñanza de las reacciones químicas
Authors: Lepiane-Faranna Laura , Álvarez-Herrero Juan-Francisco
Published: February 2023

Este trabajo de investigación propone a partir de una sólida fundamentación teórica, la aplicación de la enseñanza problematizada para el tema de “Los cambios químicos” de 4º curso de ESO (Educación Secundaria Obligatoria). Los contenidos son los exigidos en el currículum de la asignatura de Física y Química de dicho curso en el boletín oficial del estado (BOE). Tiene como objetivo principal el presentar una secuencia de actividades pensadas para la comprensión por parte del alumnado de las reacciones químicas, y todo en su contenido está orientado a la justificación de esta secuencia.
Estudios de caso en la enseñanza aprendizaje de la tabla periódica utilizando material con formato accesible y táctil en estudiantes con discapacidad visual
Authors: Flores-Vallejo Ana Luz , Vargas-Rodríguez Guadalupe Iveth , Obaya-Valdivia Adolfo Eduardo , Favela-Zavala Carlos Eduardo , Lima-Vargas Alvaro Enrique , Vargas-Rodríguez Yolanda Marina
Published: February 2023

Con el objetivo de mejorar la enseñanza aprendizaje de la tabla periódica en estudiantes con discapacidad visual para la inclusión educativa, se presentan dos estudios de caso con estudiantes del nivel medio superior. En el primer estudio de caso las clases se realizaron en línea y en el segundo caso la clase fue presencial. Se utilizaron materiales con formato accesible para explicar el tema de tabla periódica y sus propiedades. Para las actividades, se utilizaron maquetas de la tabla periódica con texturas y código Braille. Finalmente, se realizó una evaluación guiada. La evaluación cuantitativa indicó que las estudiantes lograron reconocer, comprender y aplicar la composición de la tabla periódica, así como sus propiedades como radio atómico, electronegatividad y potencial de ionización. En ambas experiencias las estudiantes se asombraron al tocar las tablas y sus comentarios al respecto fueron muy positivos. Por los resultados obtenidos y los comentarios de las estudiantes esta estrategia resultó exitosa en ambos casos y puede ser aplicada en estudiantes con discapacidad visual para contribuir a la inclusión educativa.
House of Chemistry as a Hydrocarbon Learning Media for High School Students
Authors: Lutfi Achmad , Hidayah Rusly , Hidayah Rusly , Aftinia Fitria , Aftinia Fitria , Ipmawati Nurulita , Ipmawati Nurulita
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to evaluate House of Chemistry game as a Hydrocarbon learning media able to enhance the motivation of high school students. The study was conducted on high school students in East Java Indonesia and determined randomly in two classes each as a control group and experimental group. Before learning is done the initial test then learning according to plan using the available media in the class for the control group and the experimental group with the game House of Chemistry as learning media, after the learning is done the final test, motivation questionnaire, and student response questionnaire. The results of the data obtained in the experimental group: (a) student learning motivation of 94.5%; (b) scores on student learning outcomes achieving classical completeness; there is an increase compared to before learning; learning outcomes score is better than the control group learning outcomes score; (c) student responses obtained 90.6%; (d) there is a relationship of 0.437 between motivation and student learning outcomes scores. It was concluded that hydrocarbon learning using the game House of Chemistry as a learning media had a positive impact on student learning motivation, there was an increase in student learning outcomes, and the experimental group learning scores were better than scores of students' control groups giving positive responses and positive correlation between motivation and student learning outcomes
A Sufficient Condition for Restoring Sparse Vectors from $\ell_1-\ell_2$-minimization with Cumulative Coherence
Authors: Xie Youwei , Zhang Meijiao , Xie Shaohua
Published: February 2023

This paper focuses on the compressed sensing
$\ell_1-\ell_2-$minimization model and
develops new bounds on cumulative coherence
$\mu_1(s)$. We point out that if cumulative coherence
$\mu_1(s)$ satisfies (2) or (11), then the sparse
signal can stably recover in noise model and exactly recover in free
noise by $\ell_1-\ell_2$-minimization
model.
The Unholy Trinity- Cancer cell plasticity, drug resistance and therapeutic opportunities
Authors: Chatterjee Namrata , Pulipaka Bhavana , Subbalakshmi Ayalur Raghu , Jolly Mohit Kumar , Nair Radhika
Published: February 2023

Cancer cell plasticity is the ability of tumor cells to switch
phenotypes and is one of the predominant requisites of cancer cells
capable of undergoing metastasis. Cancer cell plasticity is also
recognised as one of the major contributors to intra-tumoral
heterogeneity, a critical factor underlying the progression of malignant
tumors which is known to modify tumor response and induce resistance
against various modes of therapy thus posing a barrier to efficient
cancer management. Cancer cell plasticity is acquired by the subversion
of cell signaling pathways like MAPK, PI3K, STAT3, Wnt, Hedgehog and
Notch as well as cellular programs such as epithelial to mesenchymal
transition (EMT) and phenotypic plasticity. This complex phenomenon has
been studied in many cancer types like pancreatic cancer, colon cancer
and breast cancer. Some cancers like breast cancer are known to exhibit
a hierarchical organization with cancer stem cells (CSCs) at the
pinnacle of the pyramid due to their ability to promote tumorigenesis,
metastasis and therapy resistance. CSCs which can undergo phenotypic
changes resulting in heterogenous cell populations with differing
potential to develop programs necessary for the metastatic process lies
at the core of the cancer cell plasticity hypothesis. Our expanding
knowledge of this field can lead to the development of more therapeutic
strategies that can be used in cancer and other solid tumors that
exhibit similar mechanisms of plasticity. This review will explore the
current understanding we have of breast cancer on the intrinsic
molecular mechanisms of cancer cell plasticity and the resistance to
various types of cancer therapy that arise as a result of plasticity. We
conclude by exploring the potential novel therapies that specifically
target the pathways leading to plasticity and can be leveraged to treat
patients living with the disease. Keywords: Cancer cell plasticity,
Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), therapy resistance, targeted
therapy.
Precision anatomy for minimally invasive spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy in children: a case of solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm in a 12-year-old girl
Authors: HIRAO HIROKI , Isono Kaori , Abe Yuta , Imai Katsunori , Okumura Yuki , Hirukawa Kazuya , Shimata Keita , Honda Masaki , Sugawara Yasuhiko , Hibi Taizo
Published: February 2023

There is no standardized procedure for solid pseudopapillary neoplasm
(SPN) of the pancreatic body and tail in children. Recently, an
international consensus on precision anatomy for minimally invasive
distal pancreatectomy in adults was established. This is the first
report of a 12-year-old girl with an incidentally found SPN measuring
7.5 cm in diameter located in the pancreatic tail who successfully
underwent an R0 resection by laparoscopic spleen-preserving distal
pancreatectomy under the concept of precision anatomy. The
implementation of this concept in the pediatric population should
facilitate the safe diffusion of MIDP for SPN and other benign or
low-malignant tumors in children.
Atuação farmacêutica em atividades de ensaios clínicos desenvolvidos em um hospital universitário em Salvador Bahia
Authors: Da Silva Lima Milena , Fernandes Catarina Xavier , Nunes Wildemberg Brauer Alline Mikaele , Gondim Daiane , Kister Leonardo
Published: February 2023

Introdução: As atribuições do farmacêutico na execução de atividades de ensaios clínicos envolvem o processo de gerenciamentos dos produtos sob investigação. Dessa forma, caracterizam-se as responsabilidades pelo recebimento, armazenamento e controle desses produtos e por todo o suporte ao delineamento da pesquisa, junto aos demais profissionais da equipe designada para o estudo. Adicionalmente, estão inseridos as atividades de dispensação dos produtos sob investigação e o preparo, bem como acompanhamento da adesão terapêutica do participante, possíveis reações adversas ao tratamento proposto, orientações sobre o tratamento e realização das comunicações periódicas das atividades farmacêuticas executadas com os monitores, patrocinadores e investigadores dos estudos em curso. A atuação do farmacêutico nas atividades de ensaios clínicos é de extrema importância para uma condução dos protocolos de pesquisa e contribui para minimizar eventos adversos e desvios de delineamento dos estudos. O impacto da atuação dos farmacêuticos é ainda pouco conhecido. Objetivo: Caracterizar as atividades desenvolvidas pelo farmacêutico em um hospital universitário no primeiro semestre de 2022. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, de levantamento histórico das atividades desenvolvidas pela equipe de farmacêuticos do serviço de ensaios clínicos do Setor de Farmácia Hospitalar de um hospital universitário em Salvador-Bahia no primeiro semestre de 2022. Os dados foram contabilizados e aplicada estatística descritiva. Resultados e Discussão. No período avaliado houve doze estudos ativos no centro de pesquisa, sendo que seis tiveram atuação dos farmacêuticos, inseridos nas especialidades de infectologia, imunologia, cardiologia e gastro-hepatologia. Esses protocolos envolveram o atendimento de 120 participantes, com 123 dispensações ambulatoriais de medicamentos. Foram realizadas 06 solicitações e 08 recebimentos de medicamentos no período avaliado. Foram identificadas 02 devoluções de medicamentos para patrocinador e 04 destruições de medicamentos no próprio centro. A comunicação efetiva com patrocinadores para alinhamento e orientações sobre os protocolos clínicos ocorreu em 09 monitorias remotas e 07 monitorias presenciais. Conclusão: A pesquisa clínica é uma atividade multiprofissional e transdisciplinar, que envolve conhecimentos e habilidades específicas dos profissionais, além do trabalho compartilhado em equipe. O farmacêutico é um profissional indispensável na gestão racional dos produtos sob investigação nos ensaios clínicos e suas atividades contribuem para a adequada segurança na condução de estudos em pesquisa clínica.
Økonomisk ulikhet og sosial konflikt på Næs jernverk rundt 1800
Authors: Meyer Frank
Published: February 2023

This article looks at workers’ strategies for coping with rising economic inequality at the largest of five ironworks in Agder, Næs jernverk, around 1800. From the middle of the century, the Næs ironworks facility became extraordinarily prosperous for many years. Yet at the same time, material living conditions deteriorated for those at the lower end of the small industrial community’s economic spectrum. Worker’s real wages declined substantially, their indebtedness to the company rose accordingly, the quality of their nutrition suffered, and, finally, as part of debt consolidation efforts, the houses that the workers had invested considerably in were taken away from them. Four different reaction patterns can be observed: individual escape from reality (truancy, drinking), individual revolt, approaches to spontaneous collective resistance, and planned collective rebellion (strike, sabotage). Meanwhile, the plant management became increasingly aware of existing or quixotic worker’s actions (sabotage in particular).1
Haugianarane på Fennefoss: agenda, organisering og arbeidskultur
Authors: Seland Bjørg
Published: February 2023

When the lay preacher Hans Nielsen Hauge travelled around the country in the early 1800s, he not only preached a religious message. Inspired by Lutheran ideas, he also showed a strong interest in economics. At Fennefoss in the south of Setesdal, Hauge initated building a mill for production of cloth paper. From 1805 to 1813 this mill supplied paper to government agencies as well as the private sector. As ‘Haugians’, workers at the mill had a dual agenda: business and mission. They lived in a collective where their days were divided into sessions for work and prayer. On Sundays they could speak to people outside the church, and in the evenings they held religious meetings for locals. Their paper production was important for as long as it lasted, and the waterfall area continued to be used by industry even after the paper production was relocated to Kristiansand.
Magnhild Hagelias veg til rikspolitikken
Authors: Igland Alf Kjetil
Published: February 2023

Magnhild Hagelia (1904–1996), from the southern constituency Aust-Agder, was elected deputy president at Lagtinget (one of the two chambers of parliament) in 1960, and in 1962, she became the first woman to attend a session at the Norwegian Parliament. She grew up in the countryside during a time of deep unemployment, poverty, and social injustice. Motived to join the Social Democratic Party in 1935, she soon became a leading and popular speaker in her region, and in 1949 she unexpectedly won a seat in the parliament. In this article I argue a previously overlooked explanation that Hagelia’s win was not least a result of her Christian faith, which was important to many voters in a region characterised by revival Christianity and prayer houses. As a member of parliament for 16 years, she worked for a more equal society, and for women’s rights.
Utfordringer for faglig organisering i Agder i dag
Authors: Svanøe Dagfinn H.
Published: February 2023

The article explores how traditional trade union work meets the challenges of the modern day, primarily through a look at Agder county in Norway, but also bringing national and international trends into consideration. The Norwegian confederation of trade unions and its trade union branches form the basis for the article. Union density in the Agder area is estimated at around 50%. Union busting, migrant workers, staffing firms, and the means some companies use to avoid unionizing are covered in the article, supplemented by local and international examples from multiple marked segments. Examples include industrial action, company structures, and union busting. The increase in precarious jobs impacts how the labour movement can organize workers. Foreign company structures and app-based online services are covered to some extent.
Student Achievement Trajectories in Ontario: Creating and validating a province-wide, multi-cohort and longitudinal database
Authors: Sinclair Jeanne , Davies Scott , Janus Magdalena
Published: February 2023

IntroductionLongitudinal data that tracks student achievement over many years are crucial for understanding children's learning and for guiding effective policies and interventions. Despite being Canada's most populous province, Ontario lacks such large-scale and longitudinal data on student learning. Linking datasets across cohorts requires rigorous linkage protocols, flexible handling of complex cohort structures, methods to validate linked datasets, and viable organizational partnerships. We linked administrative data on early child development and educational achievement and merged two datasets on characteristics of students' neighborhoods and schools. We developed a linkage protocol and validated how the resulting database could be generalized to Ontario's student population.
Methods and analysisTwo main individual-level data sources were linked: 1) the Early Development Instrument (EDI), a school readiness assessment of all Ontario public school kindergartners that is administered in three-year cycles, and 2) Ontario's Educational Quality and Assessment Office's (EQAO) math and reading assessments in grades 3, 6, 9, and 10. To compensate for their lack of a common personal identification number, a deterministic linkage process was developed using several administrative variables. A school-level and a neighborhood-level dataset were also later linked. We examined differences between unlinked and linked cases across several variables.
Results and implicationsWe successfully linked 50% of the EDI's 374,239 cases, 86,778 of which contained all five datapoints, creating a database tracking achievement for multiple cohorts from kindergarten through grade 10, with covariates for their development, demographics, affect, neighborhoods, and schools. Analyses revealed only negligible differences between linked and unlinked cases across several demographic measures, while small differences were detected across a neighborhood socioeconomic index and some measures of child development. In conclusion, we recommend the filling of key voids in sustainable research capacity by creating representative data through linkage protocols and data verification.
THE GOOD, BAD GREEN COLOUR
Authors: Горбулева Мария Сергеевна
Published: February 2023

Рассматриваются разнообразные значения цветовых понятий и анализируются языковые игры, связанные со зрительным восприятием цвета в вариативных параметрах жизненного пространства. Сделана попытка систематизировать символику и обозначить «асимметрию» в толковании зеленого цвета, сформировать заключение о предпосылках и следствиях данного феномена. Полученные выводы могут иметь значение для исследования проблем понимания символики цвета и связанных с ним особенностей восприятия в современной культуре.

The author explores the symbolism of the green colour. Biologists, chemists, botanists, florists, zoologists, artists, and other scientists have standardized, created catalogs, descriptions of colours and shades to eliminate possible errors and facilitate work. Scientists in various fields of knowledge have been interested in this topic for a very long time and comprehensively, ranging from how and in what order people recognized and named colours to assumptions about how a particular colour can affect a person or large groups of people in different circumstances and contexts. The article discusses the various meanings of colour concepts and analyses the language games associated with the visual perception of colour in the variable parameters of the living space. The history (social, cultural, symbolic) of the green colour is multi-layered and contradictory in different periods. The author made an attempt to systematize the symbolism and designate “asymmetry” in the interpretation of the green colour, to draw a conclusion about the prerequisites and consequences of this phenomenon. In Europe, at different times, it could mean luxury, prosperity, or misfortune, deceit. The green colour meant not just different meanings, but opposites: youth, love, life, and decay, poison, illness. In modern times, the green colour has a strong connection with life and prosperity. A person quite often expresses their feelings through the use of colour in one way or another. The analysis of the perception and influence of different colours on human behaviour and emotions is of great importance in psychology and related disciplines. At the moment, the basic principles of the impact of colour in marketing, advertising, positioning and brand policy are quite well studied, formulated and used. Green, like other colours, has an important place in communication and the transfer of meanings at various levels of modern culture. At the moment, there are a large number of studies and various sources of information regarding the origin, classification, history and meaning of colour, which confirms the relevance and interest in the research topic. However, blind spots, ambiguity and inconsistency in some of the findings indicate good opportunities for further work.
International Research Collaboration in Turkish Higher Education: The Role of Individual, Professional, and Institutional Factors
Authors: Çalıkoğlu Alper , Kondakçı Yaşar , Seggie Fatma Nevra
Published: February 2023

Globalizing forces in higher education put growing pressure on both institutions and academics worldwide to become engaged in international research collaboration (IRC). Similarly, in Türkiye, the recent governmental and institutional strategies have been ambitiously promoting academics’ endeavors toward IRC. This study examines factors influencing IRC in Turkish higher education based on academics’ attitudes and behaviors. We utilized relevant questions of an international research project and investigated the relationships between IRC and individual, professional, and institutional factors through a survey design. Our findings indicate that despite globalizing trends, a considerable proportion of the participant Turkish academics tend not to establish IRC. We also found that obtaining a doctoral degree abroad, holding higher academic titles, being employed in foundation universities, and orientation towards research that is multidisciplinary or international in scope are influential in establishing IRC. Based on national (i.e., Türkiye) developments and global trends in higher education and the academic profession, we discuss our findings and suggest measures and actions for policymakers and administrators.
The Banat Plain and the Banat Mountains: Toward Its Definition
Authors: Gaudenyi Tivadar , Milošević Marko V.
Published: February 2023

The Banat region consist of two landscape units the Banat Plain and the Banat Mountains. The Banat Plain encompasses the lowland area in between the Maros/Moriš/Mureş river on the north, the Tisza River in the west, in the east it terminates till the Banat Mountains, while the Danube is its south boundary. The Banat Plain is the southeastern segment of the Alföld, while in the wider frame it is in the SE part of the Pannonian Plain. However we can include also in the Middle Danube Region, the Pannonian realm and the Carpathian Basin. The Banat Mountains encompass the mountain area in between the Maros/Moriš/Mureş river on the north, the Banat Plain bordered in the west, in the east its boundary is the Cerna River, while the Danube is its south boundary. The south Banat mountains are the Semenic Mountains, the Locva Mountains, the Anina Mountains, the Dognecea Mountains, the Almăj Mountains and the Vršac Mountains, while Poiana Rusca represents the north Banat Mountains. To avoid further confusion, the study recommends the use of the term Banat-Rusca Mts. than the simplest term Banat Mts. Banat Mountains are part of the South Carpathians which eastwards continues to the Transylvanian Alps, and southwards to the (East) Serbian Carpathians.
PELUANG DAN TANTANGAN PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA PASCA MERGER
Authors: Putra Pulun Pradana , Febriati Nurullia
Published: February 2023

The development of sharia banks in Indonesia is very rapid, the latest three sharia banks owned by the Association of State-Owned Banks (Himbara) namely PT Bank BRISyariah Tbk (BRIS), PT Bank Syariah Mandiri (BSM), and PT Bank BNI Syariah (BNIS) merged into Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI). However, the existence of sharia banks and the merger of three banks into BSI have not been fully responded positively by the market. Some Indonesians, especially Muslims have not made sharia banks a reference, not even infrequently they prefer to use conventional banks. In fact, in its system, BSI refers to sharia principles that guarantee its halalness and away from ribawi systems and practices. This study uses the library study method. This study concluded that BSI has a great opportunity in improving the economy of Indonesian people. BSI can improve the competitiveness of Sharia finance in the digital age. BSI has many opportunities to progress because many components support the creation of superior and reliable Sharia banking. BSI has enough power to advance to become a leading bank that plays an important role in economic growth in the country. On the other hand, BSI also faces challenges, namely the lack of institutional development, socialization and promotion, the quality of human resources and the utilization of technology.Keywords : Islamic Bank, Economic Growth, Indonesia