bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Analytical Hierarchy Process and Multi-Influencing Factors to Map Groundwater Recharge Zones in a Semi-Arid Mediterranean Coastal Aquifer
Authors: Zghibi Adel , Mirchi Ali , Msaddek Mohamed Haythem , Merzougui Amira , Zouhri Lahcen , Taupin Jean-Denis , Chekirbane Anis , Chenini Ismail , Tarhouni Jamila
Published: September 2020

Mapping groundwater recharge zones (GWRZs) is essential for planning artificial recharge programs to mitigate groundwater decline and saltwater intrusion into coastal aquifers. We applied two multi-criteria decision-making approaches, namely the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and the multi-influencing factors (MIF), to map GWRZs in the Korba aquifer in northeastern Tunisia. GWRZ results from the AHP indicate that the majority (69%) of the area can be classified as very good and good for groundwater recharge. The MIF results suggest larger (80.7%) very good and good GWRZs. The GWRZ maps improve groundwater balance calculations by providing estimates of recharge-precipitation ratios to quantify percolation. Lithology, land use/cover and slope were the most sensitive parameters followed by geomorphology, lineament density, rainfall, drainage density and soil type. The AHP approach produced relatively more accurate results than the MIF technique based on correlation of the obtained GWRZs with groundwater well discharge data from 20 wells across the study area. The accuracy of the approaches ultimately depends on the classification criteria, mean rating score and weights assigned to the thematic layers. Nonetheless, the GWRZ maps suggest that there is ample opportunity to implement aquifer recharge programs to reduce groundwater stress in the Korba aquifer.
The New Neighbor across the Street: An Outlook for Battery Electric Vehicles Adoption in Brazil
Authors: Velandia Vargas Jorge Enrique , Seabra Joaquim E. A. , Cavaliero Carla K. N. , Walter Arnaldo C. S. , Souza Simone P. , Falco Daniela G.
Published: September 2020

As the automotive industry steers towards electromobility and electric vehicle adoption surges, Brazil and other Latin-American countries remain laggards. The Brazilian scenario exhibits unique features, such as a powerful automotive sector with large investments in internal combustion engine technology and a well-established biofuels market based on flex-fuel technology. Although energy security, urban air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions mitigation, and technological advantage have been common drivers for the adoption of electric vehicles worldwide, the Brazilian immediate motivations are different, and the biofuels business ecosystem is likely to transform the path for electromobility. High tag price and public charging infrastructure absence have deeply discouraged electric vehicles adoption. A lack of regulation and a national consensus about the role of electric vehicles have been notorious. In fact, only in 2018 did the electricity regulatory agency (ANEEL) issue a resolution permitting the sale of electricity for recharging. The objective of this review was to create an outlook of the Brazilian transportation landscape. We identified relevant players, public charging infrastructure initiatives, market and other barriers, and regulation actions by consulting academic literature, media sources, and reports. We do not claim to predict the evolution of electrification. Instead, we aim to consolidate the information which can be used for decision support or strategy definition among entrepreneurs or policymakers. The main findings here are the necessity of a model for electrification able to create a synergy with biofuels and the urgency of having well-defined policies on what Brazil wants from electromobility.
Erythrocyte as novel cellular drug delivery system
Authors: Subhi SS  , S Thamrook
Published: September 2020

Nowadays so many carrier systems are used for delivery of drug or any other therapeutic agent to specific tissues or cells for achieving desired therapeutic efficacy. Using drug delivery systems can improve action of therapeutic agent and reduce their toxicity. As a novel approach the erythrocyte or red blood cells are used for drug delivery. The resealed erythrocyte is a cellular carrier have more advantage than other carrier system. Based on various studies found that erythrocyte have greater potential in delivery of biopharmaceuticals, therapeutically significant peptides and proteins, nucleic acid-based biological, antigens, anticancer drug and vaccines. The main problem obtain in case of existing carrier systems are biocompatibility of carrier and its degradation products. The biocompatibility, non-pathogenicity, non-immunogenicity and biodegradability make erythrocyte unique and useful carriers. They also possess longer circulation half-life and zero order drug release kinetics. Resealed erythrocyte carriers have certain impact among the activity of certain therapeutic agent like anti-inflammatory drugs, steroids, chemotherapeutic agents by reducing their side effect upon incorporation with these carriers. The general preparation step of resealed erythrocyte involve separation of erythrocyte from blood the organism of interest and using different methods the erythrocyte broken and the therapeutic agent or drug entrapped into the erythrocyte. This review article highlights the characteristics, isolation techniques of erythrocyte, preparation method, evaluation, application of resealed erythrocyte as carrier in drug delivery systems.
Business Ethics for Global Sustainable Quality Generation in Organisations: Proposing the BESQ Scale
Authors: Naskar Dr. Partha
Published: September 2020

Background: Business ethics is the doorbell in management literature and for business houses today. The essence of human values is quite pertinent for long term sustenance of organizations. Understanding business ethics and its relevance in recent times is the most calling global challenge across organizations. The objective of the study is to explore and investigate the prominent domains and items that may be considered on the relevance, applicability and rationale of business ethics viz. Domain A: Employee Goals for Business Ethics, Domain B: Diversity Management, Domain C: Entity Value on Decision making, Domain D: Legal Perspectives of Business, E: Diversified Ethics with Gender Differentiation. The paper ultimately aims towards developing a scale for finding conclusive remarks in certain identifiable areas within the field of Business Ethics. The main source of conceptualizing the domains is formulated with related literature and the Experts opinion comprising both academicians and practicing managers in the industry in Kolkata as well as across the country through primary and secondary collection methods.
Glass Classification based on Machine Learn-ing Algorithms
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, Jaipur Engineer-ing College and Research Centre, Jaipur, India., Mathur* Harshit , Surana Aditya ,   Department of Computer Science, Jaipur Engineering College and Research Centre, Jaipur, India.
Published: September 2020

Glass Industry is considered one of the most im-portant industries in the world. The Glass is used everywhere, from water bottles to X-Ray and Gamma Rays protection. This is a non-crystalline, amorphous solid that is most often transparent. There are lots of uses of glass, and during investigation in a crime scene, the investigators need to know what is type of glass in a scene. To find out the type of glass, we will use the online dataset and machine learning to solve the above problem. We will be using ML algorithms such as Artificial Neural Network (ANN), K-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithm, Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm, Random Forest algorithm, and Lo-gistic Regression algorithm. By comparing all the algorithm Ran-dom Forest did the best in glass classification.
Crop Disease Recognition using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors:   School of Computer Science & IT, Devi Ahilya University, Khandwa Road, Indore 452001, Madhya Pradesh, India, Chaudhary* Archana
Published: September 2020

Classification is a method of observing the features of a new object and assigning it to a known class. Machine learning classification problem consists of known classes and a vivid training set of pre-categorized examples. The work diagnoses groundnut diseases using outstanding machine learning algorithms namely simple logistic, decision tree, random forest and multilayer perceptron for accurate identification of groundnut diseases. Experiments are conducted with the help of 10-fold cross validation strategy. The results advocate that above mentioned classification algorithms diagnose the groundnut diseases with excellent accuracy level. Simple logistic and multilayer perceptron show outstanding performance than other algorithms and result in 96.37% and 95.80% disease classification accuracy. Random forest and decision tree algorithms provide fair accuracies in less time. These machine learning algorithms can be used in diagnosing other crop diseases also.
Molecular Identification and Insecticide Resistance Status of Culex mosquitoes
collected from blocked drainages in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Agbor Okemena V. , Idowu Taiwo E. , Fagbohun Kayode I. , Oyeniyi Amos T. , Jimoh Romoke T. , Otubanjo Adetoro O.
Published: September 2020

Background: Culex mosquitoes are important vectors of several human pathogens causing infections such as lymphatic filariasis and several viruses. Poor and blocked drainage system can lead to impediment in water flow, leading to the artificial creation of larval habitats for Culex mosquitoes. Culex mosquitoes has the ability to breed in organically polluted water bodies and exhibit high resistance to insecticides. Therefore, this study assessed the species and insecticides susceptibility status of Culex breeding in blocked drainages in Lagos State.
Methods: Culex mosquito larvae were collected from blocked drainages in three Local Government
Areas (LGAs) of Lagos State, Nigeria, using standard WHO technique. The physicochemical parameters of the larval habitats were also recorded. Collected mosquito larvae were raised to adult, 2-3 days old. Glucose fed adults female mosquitoes were exposed to permethrin (0.75%) and DDT (4.0%) WHO insecticide test papers. Morphological identification was carried out using standard keys and molecular identification of Culex pipiens sub-species and kdr genotyping was carried out using PCR
Results: High level of resistance was recorded with mortality r ate after 24 hour s for DDT ranging from 20% to 32% while permethrin ranges from 14% to 36%. The pH of the all the Culex mosquito larva habitats ranges from 7.38±0.11 to 7.62±0.29, while TDS ranges from 592.6±79.1 to 655±68.1. A total of 1113 Culex pipiens mosquitoes that were identify morphologically, some were selected for molecular identification using PCR assays, out of which 96.2% were identified as Culex p. quinquefasciatus while 3.7% were unidentified. Knockdown mutation (L1014F) was not detected in DDT and pyrethroids resistant Cx. quinquefasciatus in this study. Conclusion: Unplanned ur banization, inadequate w ater su pply and inefficient solid w aste and sewage management practices can result in the creation artificial larval habitats for Culex mosquitoes leading to potential outbreak of Culex mosquito borne diseases. The resistance to DDT and permethrin insecticides in Cx. quinquefasciatus in Lagos State may represent a threat towards the efficacy of ITNs and other forms of vector control such as indoor residual spraying in the future.
COVID-19: An Insight Into the Pandemic of a New Emerging Coronavirus
Authors: Akanbi Olusola A. , Opaleye Oluyinka O. , Olowe Adekunle O. , Ojurongbe Olusola
Published: September 2020

Since Decem ber 2019, a novel Cor onavir us nam ed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been implicated in an outbreak of SARSlike illness, which began in a wild animal market of Wuhan in Hubei province of China and the World Health Organization (WHO) was alerted on the 31st December 2019 of this public health threat. On the 11th March 2020, the WHO announced that this disease termed COVID-19 has become pandemic, the first for any coronavirus. Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that cause illness such as the common cold to more severe diseases such as SARS. To date, the virus has spread to over 100 countries, including 40 countries in Africa, including Nigeria. As at the time of this publication over 300,000 cases has been reported world-wide with over 14,000 deaths mostly from China and Italy. The Nigerian Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) has since put in place measures to contain and prevent the further spread of the virus. This review highlights the current situation and knowledge of the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 and its epidemiological trends.
Distribution of Members of the Anopheles Gamibiae s.l. In Oyo State, South West Nigeria
Authors: Adeogun Adedapo O. , Popoola Kehinde O.K. , Olakiigbe Abiodun K. , Awolola Samson T.
Published: September 2020

Background: Members of the Anopheles gambiae s.l. remain the most efficient vectors of malaria parasite in Africa. However, for timely and effective vector control activities, the distribution of these important vectors in local communities is crucial. We therefore determine the distribution of the members of Anopheles gambiae s.l. in Oyo State, Nigeria
Methods: Larval stages of Anopheles mosquitoes were collected from identified mosquito breeding sites in six localities (Oluyole, Eruwa, Oyo, Ojoo, Bodija, and Ogbomoso) in Oyo State and reared to adults. Three to five days old adult emergence were identified morphologically using standard methods. A total of 100 mosquitoes were selected from each of localities for molecular analysis. DNA were extracted and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR-ID) followed by restriction endonucleases digestion was used for molecular identification.
Results: A total of 58 larval breeding sites were sampled out of which 12 (20.7%) had Anophelines only, 21 (36.2%) contained Culicines only and the remaining 25 (43.1%) had both Anophelines and Culicines. The mosquitoes were mostly found in footprints, followed by tire tracks, pools, puddle and ponds. The habitat type distribution for Anopheline and Culicines were not different (χ2=5.25, DF=5, P>0.01). A total of 1,725 Anophelines emerged from the collection out of which, 823 were females. All the female samples were morphologically identified as members of the Anopheles gambiae s.l.. A total of 600 (72.9%) of the female Anopheline population was subjected to PCR. PCR-ID showed that the mosquito populations contained higher numbers of Anopheles arabiensis (58%) than Anopheles gambiae s.s. (42%). Enzyme digest indicate that samples from Oluyole, Iwo road and Bodija were man-ly the M form (now called An. coluzzii), while both M (An. colizzii) and S (An. gambiae) form occur in sympatry in Oyo town and Eruwa.
Conclusion: This study presents information on the distribution of Anopheles arabiensis, Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles gambiae in Oyo State. This has implication on the vector control activities in the State as members of these Anopheles mosquitoes exhibit varying feeding behaviours, transmission pattern and resistance profiles. Such information is useful in planning vector control activities for the State
Ameliorative Roles of Exogenous Testosterone on Nitrite Damaged Testes and Sperm Parameters
Authors: Akintunde Wasiu O. , Adenowo Kehinde T. , Ojo Kehinde A. , Abdulfatai Abdulrahman
Published: September 2020

Background: Nitrate (NO3) is a common food additive used as a colour fixation and preservative in meats and fish. Human dietary exposure to NO2 is mostly through the inter-conversion of NO3 from vegetables, cured meat products, fresh meat, fish, dairy products, eggs and water intake. This experiment was designed to investigate to what extent exogenous testosterone (T) ameliorates the destructive effects of nitrite (NO2) on rats’ testes and sperm parameters.
Methods: Thirty-five adult male Wistar rats weighed between 100g – 111g was used for the experiment. Rats were divided into 7 groups, for each group n =5. Group A received distilled water, group B1 C1 and D1 received 0.04mg/kgbw, 0.06mg/kgbw and 0.08mg/kgbw of NO2 respectively in total volume of 1ml distilled water for 60 days. Groups B2, C2 and D2 also received 0.04mg/kgbw, 0.06mg/kgbw and 0.08mg/kgbw of NO2 respectively followed by intra-muscular injection of testosterone (Andriol Testocaps) at 5mg/kgbw, 7.5mg/kgbw and 10mg/kgbw respectively every other day for 3 weeks
Results: The quality of testicular cells was implicated by oral administration of NO2; distorted or deformed seminiferous tubules with loss of germinal cells were evident. Meanwhile, the NO2/T -treated testes showed normal tubular structures with complete spermatogenesis except at high dose of 0.08mg which showed mild vacuolation and arrested spermatogenesis. Consequently, the sperm counts was reduced significantly (P>0.05) following increased NO2 concentrations. However, the sperm counts of NO2/T-treated testes were statistically increased (P< 0.05) at dose dependent manner. The number of motile sperms of the testes exposed to NO2 was decreased insignificantly, meanwhile, NO2/T-treated-testes were found to be increased insignificantly (P>0.05) .
Conclusion: The reactive oxygen species triggered by NO2 generated testicular oxidative stress, spermato-genesis disruption and histological damages within the period of 60 days of ingestion. Meanwhile, these possible toxicological effects caused by NO2 could be effectively reversed using androgen hormone (testosterone) therapy within the period tested according to the present study.
The distribution of the ABO and RH blood groups among different populations in the MENA region: A review
Authors: Zaid Roan , Mustafa Ibrahim
Published: September 2020

ABO and Rh (rhesus) blood grouping is one of the most widely available laboratory tests that could prevent possibly deadly mismatches following blood transfusion and organ transplantation. The distribution of the blood group antigens varies between different populations and ethnic groups. Our objective was to showcase these variations within the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region and to outline the relationship between blood type and disease risk association to determine the current findings and outline possible future study areas. In healthy blood donors, blood group O was found to consistently be the most prevalent blood group and AB the least prevalent blood group except in Turkey where A is the most prevalent and, in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), where B is the least prevalent blood type.
Repetition of microbiological tests in suspect of SARS-CoV-2 infection: utility of a score based on clinical probability
Authors: Pardo Lledias Javier , Ayarza Laura , González-García Pablo , Salmón González Zaida , Calvo Montes Jorge , Gozalo Marguello Mónica , Hernández Hernández José Luis , Olmos Martínez José Manuel ,   Servicio de Medicina Interna. Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL. Santander. Cantabria
Published: September 2020

Background. The diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection presents some limitations. RT-PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis, although it can have false negative results. We aimed to analyze the accuracy of repeating nasopharyngeal swabs based on different clinical probabilities.
Methods. Retrospective observational study of the first patients admitted to a two COVID Internal Medicine wards at the University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, from March to April 2020. RT-PCR targering E, N, RdRP and ORFab1 genes and antibody tests detecting IgG.
Results. A total of 145 hospitalized patients with suspected SARS-Cov2 infection were admitted and in 98 (67.5%) diagnosis was confirmed. The independent predictive variables for SARS-CoV-2 infection were: epidemiological contact, clinical presentation as pneumonia, absence of pneumonia in the last year, onset of symptoms > 7 days, two or more of the following symptoms -dyspnea, cough or fever- and serum lactate dehydrogenase levels >350 U/L (p<0.05). A score based on these variables yielded an AUC-ROC of 0.89 (CI95%, 0.831-0.946; p<0.001). The accuracy of the first nasopharyngeal swabs was 54.9%. Repeating nasopharyngeal swabs two or three times allows to detect an additional 16% of positive cases. The overall accuracy of successive RT-PCR tests in patients with low pre-test probability was <5%.
Conclusions. We have defined a pre-test probability score based on epidemiological and clinical data with a high accuracy for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. Repeating nasopharyngeal swabs avoids sampling errors, but only in medium of high probability pre-test clinical scenarios.
Model of disorientation and Disqualification of Peripheral Services in Public Services On Local Government Device Work Units In Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Laksana Rio Dhani , Mayasari Viviana , Pradipta Setyanto Refius
Published: September 2020

Improving the quality of public services is inherent in the implementation of the tasks and functionsof the Regional Work Unit as an extension of the tasks of the central government. The public service unitbecomes a service node for integrated service offices in the district while improving the quality of service to thecommunity. This study aims to examine the relationship of power orientation behavior, the process of serviceimprovement through Peripheral Disorientation and Discipline for Public Service providers in the RegionalWork Unit in Central Java. This study used a sample population of 181 Regional Work Unit public serviceemployees. This study uses an analysis technique that is Regression weight in SEM which is used to examinehow much the relationship between the variables. The model for research is illustrated by a path diagram. Thisis to make it easier to see the causality relationship between the variables to be tested. Based on this research itcan be concluded that: Power-motivated behavior has a positive influence on disorientation of public services.Power behavior has a positive influence on the disqualities of peripheral services. The behavior of publicservice discuality affects the discuality of Peripheral services. Peripheral service orientation is positivelyinfluential on the Performance of Public Service Providers. Peripheral service disorientation has a positiveeffect on the performance of public service providers so that public service provider agencies in this one-stoppublic service center in Banyumas district can control the power-motivated behavior carried out by theBanyumas Government Officer. If this can be carried out, then it is likely that public service providers will beable to reduce the disorientation of public services carried out by public service providers when serving thepublic. This finding contributes to research on power motivation in organizations conducted by Dolatabadi &Safa (2010), Oloko and Ogutu (2012) and Feeney (2011).
Obsolete Words In The Dialect Of Tamdy Karakalpaks
Authors: Shamshaddinova Saodat Saparbaevna
Published: September 2020

The article deals with obsolete words in the dialect of Tamdy Karakalpaks. The author, together with the work of some researchers who conducted studies on Tamdy Karakalpaks, collected the lexical units used in the local dialect and turned into obsolete words and presented them in alphabetical order. On this basis, it is taken into account that the Tamdy’s dialect is widely used obsolete words related to military vocabulary and ethnonyms and proposed the question of the current introduction of such obsolete terms in dictionaries.
Parafoveal pre-processing in children reading English: The importance of external letters
Authors: Milledge Sara V. , Blythe Hazel I. , Liversedge Simon P.
Published: September 2020

Although previous research has demonstrated that for adults external letters of words are more important than internal letters for lexical processing during reading, no comparable research has been conducted with children. This experiment explored, using the boundary paradigm during silent sentence reading, whether parafoveal pre-processing in English is more affected by the manipulation of external letters or internal letters, and whether this differs between skilled adult and beginner child readers. Six previews were generated: identity (e.g., monkey); external letter manipulations where either the beginning three letters of the word were substituted (e.g., rackey) or the last three letters of the word were substituted (e.g., monhig); internal letter manipulations; e.g., machey, mochiy); and an unrelated control condition (e.g., rachig). Results indicate that both adults and children undertook pre-processing of words in their entirety in the parafovea, and that the manipulation of external letters in preview was more harmful to participants’ parafoveal pre-processing than internal letters. The data also suggest developmental change in the time course of pre-processing, with children’s pre-processing delayed compared to that of adults. These results not only provide further evidence for the importance of external letters to parafoveal processing and lexical identification for adults, but also demonstrate that such findings can be extended to children.
Triboelectric nanogenerator based on Teflon/vitamin B1 powder for self-powered humidity sensing
Authors: Zhang Liangyi , Li Huan , Xie Yiyuan , Guo Jing , Zhu Zhiyuan
Published: September 2020

Recently, there has been growing interest in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) that can effectively convert various forms of mechanical energy input into electrical energy. In the present study, a novel Teflon/vitamin B1 powder based triboelectric nanogenerator (TVB-TENG) is proposed. Paper is utilized as a supporting platform for triboelectrification between a commercial Teflon tape and vitamin B1 powder. The measured open-circuit voltage was approximately 340 V. The TVB-TENG can be applied as a humidity sensor and exhibits a linear and reversible response to the relative humidity of the environment. Moreover, the change in relative humidity is also indicated by the change in luminosity of a set of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) integrated in the TVB-TENG system. The TVB-TENG proposed in this study illustrates a cost-effective method for portable power supply and sensing devices.
Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein as Risk Factor for Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Rashid Haji Muhammad , Hassan Hiza , Khan Mudassar , Khan Jamal , Khan Hasanat
Published: September 2020

Background: Dyslipidemia is a common complication of diabetes and a major risk factor for atherosclerosis. Small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) is a sub class of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. sdLDL-C is highly atherogenic and it has been wildly studied in diabetic dyslipidemia.

Objectives: The study was carried out to explore the hidden risk of atherosclerosis due to variation of sdLDL-C in Type 2 diabetic patients, whose lipid profiles were normal.

Methodology: We enrolled 126 T2DM patients and 126 age and sex matched normal controls in this study. Fasting lipid levels in normal range was the selection criteria for both groups. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), SdLDL-C, Triglycerides (TG), Total-Cholesterol, Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) were performed for both groups. Results were compared by two samples t-tests.

Results:  SdLDL-C levels (54.6 ± 10.2) in T2DM were significantly higher than control group (41.6 ± 8.4) with p value <0.00001. There was strong positive correlation (r2 = 0.591) between HbA1c and sdLDL-C of T2DM patients.

Conclusion: T2DM patients even with normal lipids profile are at risk of atherosclerosis due to high level of atherogenic sdLDL-C.
PENGARUH SUPERVISI KEPALA RUANG MODEL REFLEKTIF TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA PERAWAT DI RSUD TUGUREJO PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Fatikhah Fatikhah , Zuhri Nur
Published: September 2020

Nurses’ job satisfactioninfluences the quality of nursing services. The improperly managed job satisfaction of nurses can disrupt the function of the hospital in providing comprehensive and quality health services. The nurses’ job satisfaction can be achieved through a good relationship between nurses and hospital leaders. A good and equal as well as supporting and collaborative relationshipis reflected in the supervision of reflective model. This study aimed to analyze the influence of head nurses’ supervision of reflective model on the job satisfaction of nursesat Tugurejo Regional Public Hospital in Central Java Province. This study employed a pre-post-test quasi-experimental design with a control group. The samples were 68 nurses recruited by purposive sampling and were assigned to the intervention group (n = 34) and control group (n = 34). The data were collected using questionnaires and then analyzed using the paired t-test. The result of paired t-test test obtained a p-value of < 0.001, indicating that there were influences of the head nurses’ supervision of reflective model on the nurses’ job satisfaction. The reflectivemodel supervision can be used as an alternative to improve the job satisfaction among the nurses. The head nurses as a low-level manager can perform the management functions well through the reflective model supervision to improve the nurses’ job satisfaction.
PENGARUH SPIRITUAL LEADERSHIP TERHADAP DISIPLIN KERJA PERAWAT DI RUMAH SAKIT IBU DAN ANAK AISYIYAH SAMARINDA
Authors: Sureskiarti Enok , Avioleta Vina
Published: September 2020

Discipline is a condition or respect that is in the employee's own rules and regulations. While work is the act of doing something that aims to get results. Thus, if the rules or provisions in the company are ignored or often violated, then the employee has a poor work discipline. Conversely, if the employee is subject to the provisions of the company, it describes the existence of a good discipline condition. One that is related to the effectiveness of a leadership in the workplace is inseparable from spiritual values. Spiritual leadership is leadership that brings worldliness to the dimension of divinity (spiritual). To find out the influence of spiritual leadership on nurses' work discipline at RSIA Aisyiyah Samarinda. This type of research is Quasi Experiment with Pretest-Posttest Desigen with control group. The population of this study were 22 respondents. Analysis includes univariate and bivariate analysis using paired t-test correlation and independent t-test. The results of the bivariate analysis of the Pairred T-Test correlation obtained the results of p-value = 0.005 <0.05, and for the results of 0.007 <0.05. From the results of the study it can be concluded that there is an influence of spiritual leadership on nurse work discipline
HUBUNGAN KECANDUAN BERMAIN GAME ONLINE DENGAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR PADA ANAK USIA 10-12 TAHUN
Authors: Wiguna Reza Indra , Menap H , Alandari Deby Ayu , Asmawariza Lalu Hersika
Published: September 2020

Online gaming is one of the technology that has influence in many communities, including children. Excessive online gaming activity can bring a negative impact on children. And the negative impact referred to in this study is the reduced motivation for learning in children. The population in this study was 10-12 years of age at SDN 2 Leneng Praya as many as 51 students in which the study used a tekhnik with Purposive Sampling determination using the inclusion and exclusion criteria for Population as respondents or samples. The research method used is Cross Sectional with a quantitative research type, and the data analysis method used is a test of Sperman Rank. The data presented in this study used the primary data through the questionnaire. The results showed that the addiction to playing online games had a significant connection to the learning motivation of the child being demonstrated from the Sperman Rank test of motivational learning of Nilai P < 0.003 which is smaller than 0.05.
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP TERHADAP PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DI KAMPUNG NELAYAN UNTIA
Authors: Rahman Rahman , Sididi Mansur , Yusriani Yusriani
Published: September 2020

The emergence of the nursing higher education system in Indonesia is expected to produce graduates who have the attitudes, knowledge and professional skills of nursing so that they are able to carry out their role in providing nursing services. The Indonesian government has implemented a higher education quality assurance system in the health sector, including a competency test. Competency test is a person's ability that can be observed which includes knowledge, skills and attitudes in completing a job or task with a set performance performance standard. According to data from the Association of Indonesian Nurse Education Institutions (AIPNI), the average UKOM Nurse graduation in October 2018 only reached 35.3%. Data from the Sari Mutiara Indonesia University, the pass rate for the 2018 Nurse Competency Test actually increased by 82%. Based on these data, it is necessary to identify student preparation in facing competency tests. The purpose of this study was to identify the strategies of the Nurse Profession students in facing the Nurse Competency Test. This type of research is descriptive research. The population in this study were students of the Nurse Profession at Sari Mutiara Indonesia University. The sample in this study were 72 people using the total population technique. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire that was created and tested by the researchers themselves. The validity test was carried out in different places, the results of validity and reliability were tested with the correlation between Pearson Product Moment and Cronbach's alpha, with a Cronbach Alpha value greater than 0.721. The data analysis used was univariate analysis. The results showed that the majority of students had a reference, namely (88.9%), the majority of students understood the blueprint of the questions well, which was (77.8%), all students (100%) attended intensive tutoring at campus and online tutoring, students (100%) participate in local and national tryouts. Nurse education institutions have a big responsibility in supporting the graduation of students from UKOM. So that the institution is expected to provide guidance to students in order to increase the graduation rate of UKOM and improve the quality of graduates.
Informe Anual Cenicafé 2000
Authors:   Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Café
Published: September 2020

Cenicafé en desarrollo del Plan Quinquenal de Investigación 1997-2002, adelantó actividades de investigación y experimentación correspondiente a 315 experimentos localizados en su sede principal, en las 15 subestaciones de experimentación regional y en Fincas de caficultores en toda la zona caletera. Durante este periodo, se iniciaron 49 nuevas investigaciones, de acuerdo con las prioridades señaladas por el Congreso Cafetero, buscando la competitividad y la sostenibilidad de la caficultura colombiana.
Informe Anual Cenicafé 2002
Authors:   Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Café
Published: September 2020

El presente resumen del Informe Anual de Actividades de CENICAFE, correspondiente al año cafetero 2001-2002, se enmarca en las circunstancias que prevalecieron durante este periodo, correspondientes al registro de los más bajos precios internacionales del café en las últimas décadas, que han forzado a una reducción considerable de los recursos humanos y económicos destinados a las actividades de investigación y experimentación.
Informe Anual Cenicafé 2007
Authors:   Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Café
Published: September 2020

En el desarrollo del nuevo Plan Estratégico de la Federación, Cenicafé participa fundamentalmente con la generación de conocimientos, tecnologías e innovaciones para contribuir a la competitividad, rentabilidad y sostenibilidad de la caficultura. Los proyectos de investigación que se adelantaron durante este año permitieron entregar al Servicio de Extensión y por su intermedio, a los caficultores de todo el país, avances en las siguientes áreas estratégicas: Productividad Agronómica, Viabilidad Económica del Café, Calidad y Cafés Especiales, Sostenibilidad Ambiental, y Sistemas de Producción Complementarios.
Informe Anual Cenicafé 2008
Authors:   Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Café
Published: September 2020

En el desarrollo del nuevo Plan Estratégico de la Federación, Cenicafé participa fundamentalmente con la generación de conocimientos, tecnologías e innovaciones para contribuir a la competitividad, rentabilidad y sostenibilidad de la caficultura. Los proyectos de investigación que se adelantaron durante este año permitieron entregar al Servicio de Extensión y por su intermedio, a los caficultores de todo el país, avances en las siguientes áreas estratégicas: Productividad Agronómica, Viabilidad Económica del Café, Calidad y Cafés Especiales, Sostenibilidad Ambiental, y Sistemas de Producción Complementarios.
Informe Anual Cenicafé 2009
Authors:   Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Café
Published: September 2020

En el desarrollo del Plan Estratégico de la Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia, Cenicafé participa en la propuesta de valor de Competitividad e Innovación, fundamentalmente con la estrategia de “Proveer desarrollos científicos y tecnológicos oportunos y pertinentes”, y está contribuyendo especialmente a desarrollar la agenda de investigación, con el fin de continuar ofreciendo soluciones a corto, mediano y largo plazo a los cambiantes retos de la caficultura y a fortalecer los esquemas de validación e interacción entre los caficultores, el servicio de extensión y la investigación científica.
Informe Anual Cenicafé 2010
Authors:   Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Café
Published: September 2020

Las investigaciones que se adelantaron durante el 2010 se fundamentaron en el marco del Documento Estratégico de la Federación Nacional de Cafeteros y el Plan Operativo de Cenicafé, con miras a la sostenibilidad de la caficultura, a partir de la definición e implementación de las alternativas de adaptación para la caficultura en Colombia, que contribuyan a recuperar, estabilizar y aumentar la producción y la productividad de los cafetales, con sostenibilidad y calidad, teniendo en cuenta los principales factores determinantes que inciden en la producción y la productividad bajo una óptica regional.
Informe Anual Cenicafé 2014
Authors:   Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Café
Published: September 2020

Las investigaciones que se adelantaron durante el 2014 se fundamentaron en el marco del Documento Estratégico de la Federación Nacional de Cafeteros y el Plan Operativo de Cenicafé.
Informe Anual Cenicafé 2015
Authors:   Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Café
Published: September 2020

Las investigaciones que se adelantaron durante el 2015 se fundamentan en el marco del Documento Estratégico de la Federación Nacional de Cafeteros y el Plan Operativo de Cenicafé.
Informe Anual Cenicafé 2019
Authors:   Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Café
Published: September 2020

Durante el año 2019 se adelantó el Plan Operativo con investigaciones enmarcadas en los tres componentes de la rentabilidad económica del cultivo: aumento en la productividad, eficiencia en el uso de insumos y mano de obra, y mejora en la calidad. Así mismo, las actividades de capacitación al Servicio de Extensión se orientaron en la estrategia “Mas Agronomía, Mas Productividad” de la Gerencia Técnica, adicionando el componente de “Más Calidad”. De esta manera se adelantaron 163 proyectos y actividades de investigación, de los cuales se destacan los resultados que se presentan en este informe.
H0 Reconstruction with Type Ia Supernovae, Baryon Acoustic Oscillation and Gravitational Lensing Time Delay
Authors: Lyu Meng-Zhen , Haridasu Balakrishna S. , Viel Matteo , Xia Jun-Qing
Published: September 2020

There is a persistent H
0-tension, now at more than ≳4σ level, between the local distance ladder value and the Planck cosmic microwave background measurement, in the context of flat Lambda-cold-dark-matter (ΛCDM) model. We reconstruct H(z) in a cosmological-model-independent way using three low-redshift distance probes including the latest data from baryon acoustic oscillation, supernova Ia (SN Ia) and gravitational lensing time-delay (GLTD) observations. We adopt general parametric models of H(z) and assume a Gaussian sound horizon at drag epoch,

, from Planck measurement. The reconstructed Hubble constant H
0,rec using Pantheon SN Ia and Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) data are consistent with the Planck flat ΛCDM value. When including the GLTD data, H
0,rec increases mildly, yet remains discrepant with the local measurement at ∼2.2σ level. With our reconstructions being blind to the dark sectors at low redshift, we reaffirm the earlier claims that the Hubble tension is not likely to be solved by modifying the energy budget of the low-redshift universe. We further forecast the constraining ability of future realistic mock BAO data from Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument and GLTD data from Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, combining which, we anticipate that the uncertainty of H
0,rec would be improved by ∼27%, reaching

uncertainty level.
The Timing Behavior of the Central Compact Object Pulsar 1E 1207.4−5209
Authors: Gotthelf E. V. , Halpern J. P.
Published: September 2020

We present 20 yr of timing observations for 1E 1207.4−5209, the central compact object in supernova remnant PKS 1209−51/52, to follow up on our detection of an unexpected timing glitch in its spin-down. Using new XMM-Newton and NICER observations of 1E 1207.4−5209, we now find that the phase ephemeris can be well modeled by either two small glitches, or extreme timing noise. The implied magnitudes of the frequency glitches are

and

, at epochs 2010.9 and 2014.4, respectively. The updated timing solutions also rule out our previous suggestion of a large glitch in the frequency derivative

. No other canonical pulsar with such a small spin-down rate (

Hz s−1) or surface dipole magnetic field strength (

G) has been observed to glitch; the glitch activity parameter of 1E 1207.4−5209 is larger than that of more energetic pulsars. Alternative parameterizations that do not involve glitches can fit the data, but they have timing residuals or a second frequency derivative

that are orders of magnitude larger than in pulsars with similar spin-down parameters. These timing properties of 1E 1207.4−5209 further motivate the leading theory of central compact objects, that an initial B-field of normal strength was buried in the neutron star crust by fallback of supernova ejecta, suppressing the surface dipole field. The slow reemergence of the buried field may be involved in triggering glitches or excess timing noise.
A 3D Framework to Explore the Propagation Effects in Stars Exhibiting Electron Cyclotron Maser Emission
Authors: Das Barnali , Mondal Surajit , Chandra Poonam
Published: September 2020

Recently, coherent radio emission has been discovered from a number of hot magnetic stars, via the process of electron cyclotron maser emission (ECME). This emission, observed in the form of highly circularly polarized pulses, has interesting properties that contain information about the host star. One of the important properties of ECME is the frequency dependence of the pulse arrival time. This has been attributed to the propagation effect by Trigilio et al. and could explain the sequence observed for CU Vir qualitatively. However, no quantitative treatment exists for this phenomenon despite it being a promising tool to estimate the density in the stellar magnetosphere. Additionally, the effect of propagation through the magnetosphere on ECME has been thought to be limited to giving rise to a particular sequence of arrival of pulses, and in some cases producing the upper cutoff frequency for ECME. Here, we present a framework to deal with the propagation effect by considering continuous refraction in the inner magnetosphere of the star. This framework is capable of incorporating any type of density distribution, and in principle any type of magnetic field, though we limit ourselves to a dipolar magnetic field for this work. We show by simulation that for stars with high obliquity, the propagation effect can influence not only the sequence of arrival of pulses drastically, but also the pulse shapes, and the observability of a pulse from a particular magnetosphere.
The Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxy VCC 848 Formed by Dwarf–Dwarf Merging: H i Gas, Star Formation, and Numerical Simulations
Authors: Zhang Hong-Xin , Smith Rory , Oh Se-Heon , Paudel Sanjaya , Duc Pierre-Alain , Boselli Alessandro , Côté Patrick , Ferrarese Laura , Gao Yu , Hunter Deidre A. , Puzia Thomas H. , Peng Eric W. , Rong Yu , Shin Jihye , Zhao Yinghe
Published: September 2020

A clear link between a dwarf–dwarf merger event and enhanced star formation (SF) in the recent past was recently identified in the gas-dominated merger remnant VCC 848, offering by far the clearest view of a gas-rich late-stage dwarf–dwarf merger. We present a joint analysis of JVLA H i emission line mapping, optical imaging, and numerical simulations of VCC 848 in order to examine the effect of the merger on the stellar and gaseous distributions. VCC 848 has less than 30% of its H i gas concentrated within the central high-surface-brightness star-forming region, while the remaining H i is entrained in outlying tidal features. Particularly, a well-defined tidal arm reaches N(H i) comparable to the galaxy center but lacks SF. The molecular gas mass inferred from the current SF rate (SFR) dominates over the atomic gas mass in the central ∼1.5 kpc. VCC 848 is consistent with being a main-sequence star-forming galaxy for its current stellar mass and SFR. The H ii region luminosity distribution largely agrees with that of normal dwarf irregulars with similar luminosities, except that the brightest H ii region is extraordinarily luminous. Our N-body/hydrodynamical simulations imply that VCC 848 is a merger between a gas-dominated primary progenitor and a gas-bearing star-dominated secondary. The progenitors had their first passage on a near-radial noncoplanar orbit more than 1 Gyr ago. The merger did not build up a core as compact as typical compact dwarfs with a centralized starburst, which may be partly ascribed to the star-dominated nature of the secondary and, in a general sense, a negative stellar feedback following intense starbursts triggered at early stages of the merger.
Chandra Observations of Candidate Subparsec Binary Supermassive Black Holes
Authors: Saade M. Lynne , Stern Daniel , Brightman Murray , Haiman Zoltán , Djorgovski S. G. , D’Orazio Daniel , Ford K. E. S. , Graham Matthew J. , Jun Hyunsung D. , Kraft Ralph P. , McKernan Barry , Vikhlinin Alexei , Walton Dominic J.
Published: September 2020

We present analysis of Chandra X-ray observations of seven quasars that were identified as candidate subparsec binary supermassive black hole (SMBH) systems in the Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey based on the apparent periodicity in their optical light curves. Simulations predict that close-separation accreting SMBH binaries will have different X-ray spectra than single accreting SMBHs, including harder or softer X-ray spectra, ripple-like profiles in the Fe K-α line, and distinct peaks in the spectrum due to the separation of the accretion disk into a circumbinary disk and mini disks around each SMBH. We obtained Chandra observations to test these models and assess whether these quasars could contain binary SMBHs. We instead find that the quasar spectra are all well fit by simple absorbed power-law models, with the rest-frame 2–10 keV photon indices, Γ, and the X-ray-to-optical power slopes, α
OX, indistinguishable from those of the larger quasar population. This may indicate that these seven quasars are not truly subparsec binary SMBH systems, or it may simply reflect that our sample size was too small to robustly detect any differences. Alternatively, the X-ray spectral changes might only be evident at energies higher than probed by Chandra. Given the available models and current data, no firm conclusions are drawn. These observations will help motivate and direct further work on theoretical models of binary SMBH systems, such as modeling systems with thinner accretion disks and larger binary separations.