bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of vaccination against the new coronavirus infection on the morbidity of university students
Authors: Sayganov Sergey A. , Lubimova Anna V. , Meltser Alexandr V. , Lopatin Zakhar V. , Kuznetsova Olga Yu. , Kovaleva Olga V.
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: Vaccination is currently considered the most successful strategy against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. However, cases of infection despite vaccination, so-called breakthrough infections, have been reported worldwide.
AIM: To evaluate the impact of vaccination against the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 on the morbidity of university students.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The incidence of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) among the students of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov (further University) from September 1 to December 15, 2020 and 2021 was analyzed. There were 4876 and 4681 students under observation. Data on vaccination, probable site of transmission infection were collected by interviewing the ill people. Statistical processing of data was performed using EpiInfo software.
RESULTS: For the analyzed period 191 cases of COVID-19 among students were detected, the incidence of COVID-19 was 4.08 per 100 students, for the same period of the academic year 2020 it was 5.50, despite the fact that the incidence among St. Petersburg residents in 2021 was 1.75 times higher than in 2020. Re-infection was detected in 35 (18.3%) cases, 18 of whom were also vaccinated against COVID-19. A probable place of transmission infection was established in 36.1% of the cases, the most frequent being contact with a patient at their place of work in a health-care facility. By December 15, 2021, a total of 62.8% of students had been vaccinated against COVID-19. The incidence among vaccinated students was 2.72 per 100 students and 4.94 per 100 among unvaccinated students. A risk factor for breakthrough infections after vaccination was close contact with the source of infection: vaccinated persons had close contact in 50% of cases, compared with 28.9% of unvaccinated persons. The most important were contact with a patient in a health care setting and having multiple sources of infection, 31.1% and 5.6%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Vaccination against COVID-19 was an effective preventive intervention. A risk factor for disease after vaccination is close contact with the source of infection. Establishment of collective immunity after vaccination is decisive for the vaccination-to-disease ratio, which starts to develop with 70-80% of vaccinated individuals. The use of a mask in public places and social distancing remain important preventive measures.
El fomento de la implicación educativa familiar en casa a través del Programa IMPLICA2: evaluación de resultados
Authors: Godás Agustín , García-Álvarez Jesús , Castelo Veiga Noemí
Published: April 2022

En este estudio se ha implementado (en cuatro sesiones durante un mes del curso académico 2019-2020) el programa IMPLICA2 dirigido a las familias con hijos que cursan 5º y 6º de Primaria de la Comunidad Autónoma de Galicia. Las actividades se realizaron en cuatro centros educativos, en los que han participado 253 familias distribuidas en cuatro grupos para cumplir con los requisitos establecidos en el diseño de cuatro grupos de Solomon (1949). Una vez implementadas las cuatro sesiones, se procedió a la evaluación de este proceso por parte del equipo investigador y las familias. A continuación, se realizó la evaluación de los resultados siguiendo el diseño previsto inicialmente y buscando las relaciones interactivas entre variables y las estructuras de relaciones que anulan las asociaciones entre algunas de ellas (Alvira Martín, 2002), considerando, para esta última, que el programa tendría una incidencia positiva sobre los elementos que determinan la decisión familiar de implicarse, según establece el modelo de Hoover-Dempsey y Sandler (1995). Los resultados permiten establecer que el programa presenta efectos distintos para padres y madres en aquellos aspectos relacionados con el foco de responsabilidad de la educación de los hijos (familia, escuela o familia y escuela), la orientación de metas familiares hacia el aprendizaje y/o el logro académico y la percepción de eficacia cuando ayudan a sus hijos en las tareas escolares.
Procesos ejecutivos, acceso al léxico y agenda visoespacial en escolares disléxicos, TDAH y comórbidos
Authors: Vieiro Pilar , Rehakova Novosadova Leona
Published: April 2022

La lectura requiere activar habilidades a nivel de palabra, de texto y procesos cognitivos como la Memoria Operativa. La Memoria de Trabajo está formada por el componente verbal y el visoespacial los cuales actúan como dos sistemas bajo la orden del ejecutivo central que asigna recursos atencionales. En consonancia con la teoría magnocelular los alumnos con dislexia presentan deficiencias en muchos de los mismos dominios que los alumnos con TDAH, incluyendo el tiempo de latencia, atención, memoria de trabajo auditiva y memoria de trabajo visoespacial. El objetivo principal del presente estudio es comparar el desempeño de los escolares con TDAH y Dislexia en las pruebas léxicas y visoespaciales y la influencia de la amplitud de la Memoria Operativa. En el estudio participaron 80 escolares distribuidos en cuatro grupos de 20 sujetos (10 con alta amplitud de MO y 10 con baja amplitud de MO). Se compararon grupos con TDAH, Dislexia, TDAH + Dislexia y grupo de Control. En las pruebas léxicas y visoespaciales los grupos experimentales resultaron ser menos eficaces y eficientes que el grupo de Control. El grupo TDAH obtuvo el peor desempeño en la prueba visoespacial en comparación con resto de los grupos. El grupo Combinado resultó ser el menos eficaz y eficiente de los grupos experimentales en las tareas de acceso al léxico. La amplitud de Memoria Operativa influyó de manera clara en los datos de eficacia de todos los grupos experimentales, pero no así́ en la eficiencia.
La parentalidad positiva en las escuelas de madres y padres
Authors: Sánchez-Suárez Verónica , Fariña Francisca
Published: April 2022

El objetivo general de este estudio fue analizar el tipo de formación que se imparte en las escuelas de madres y padres de la provincia de Pontevedra (España) e identificar si se ofertan contenidos para el ejercicio de la parentalidad positiva. Los datos aportados por 58 centros, indicaron que los programas suelen hacerse con una periodicidad mensual o trimestral y consisten mayoritariamente en “charlas” con expertos. Los padres y madres colaboran en la elección de los contenidos y su participación es relativamente activa, sin embargo, la asistencia no es muy alta, y a medida que desciende el nivel socieconómico de las familias, lo hace también el nivel de implicación de las mismas. Además, por la importancia que ocupa la pandemia por la Covid 19 se estudió cómo afectó a la formación parental. Se encontró que la pandemia conllevó a que surgieran nuevas necesidades de formación en las familias; más de la mitad de los centros suspendieran la formación a padres, y la que se mantuvo fue mayoritariamente online.
Dinâmicas inovadoras e promotoras de ambientes de Aprendizagem para o Bem-Estar
Authors: Cristóvão Ana Maria
Published: April 2022

Os acelerados avanços tecnológicos e científicos, as rápidas transformações sociais, económicas, ambientais e, atualmente, as questões de saúde, apontam para a necessidade de a escola oferecer novas aprendizagens baseadas em competências que ainda são pouco desenvolvidas no sistema educativo. Aprender para o Bem-Estar é uma visão de escola onde todos os alunos podem realizar o seu potencial único, através do desenvolvimento cognitivo, físico e emocional. O presente artigo é realizado no âmbito do projeto de investigação «Promoção de Mudanças na Aprendizagem: Comunidades Escolares de Aprendizagem Gulbenkian XXI», e procurou conhecer as perceções dos professores sobre os impactos deste projeto que procurou criar ambientes de aprendizagem para o bem-estar. Foram realizados dois estudos, um primeiro pretendeu conhecer o estado que se encontrava Portugal ao nível da implementação de programas de aprendizagem socioemocional.  No segundo estudo foram realizadas entrevista aos professores participantes. Os resultados permitem concluir que para criar dinâmicas inovadoras e promotoras de ambientes de aprendizagem para o bem-estar é necessário definir claramente os objetivos educacionais; valorizar o professor e a relação professor-aluno; investir na educação; criar comunidades de aprendizagem; fomentar a prática reflexiva; envolver os líderes escolares; reorganizar e flexibilizar a gestão do currículo; reformular a gramática escolar na base de equipas educativas; criar um ambiente de trabalho promotor de bem-estar físico e psicológico; estimular as competências socioemocionais e a criatividade; integrar tecnologia educativa e promover atividades que sejam motivadoras para os alunos.
Actividades formales para el desarrollo profesional docente: estudio de caso desde las ecologías de aprendizaje
Authors: López-Calvo Sara , Cubeiro Rodríguez Noemi
Published: April 2022

Las actividades de formación del profesorado tienen una importancia vital en el desarrollo profesional docente, entendiendo éste como el proceso mediante el cual los docentes adquieren los conocimientos, habilidades y valores relacionados con un dominio específico. Dichas actividades pueden clasificarse en formales, informales y no formales en función del contexto en el que se llevan a cabo. Para el objeto de esta investigación nos centraremos en las actividades de aprendizaje formal entendidas como aquellas que están organizadas, sistematizadas y graduadas, se dan en las instituciones educativas oficiales, son intencionales por parte de los participantes, y dan lugar a la obtención de un diploma o certificado oficial de estudios. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar el tipo de actividades formales llevadas a cabo por los mejores docentes universitarios para su desarrollo profesional, así como su valoración sobre este tipo de formación. Para ello, se ha llevado a cabo un estudio cualitativo de caso múltiple usando como herramienta la entrevista semiestructurada.  Se ha entrevistado a ocho de los y las mejores docentes universitarios de la rama de Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas de la UDC según el ranking derivado de la aplicación del programa DOCENTIA. Los resultados indican que la formación formal a la que tienen acceso es insuficiente, y reclaman que sería necesaria una mejor y mayor formación sobre didáctica general y específica con anterioridad a ejercer la profesión.
A influência dos pares no consumo de Substâncias Psicoativas entre estudantes universitários/as
Authors: Alves Regina , Precioso José
Published: April 2022

Entre os inúmeros fatores de influência social, os/as estudantes universitários/as são sensíveis aos comportamentos dos seus pares, sendo este considerado um preditor psicossocial robusto do consumo de substâncias psicoativas. O objetivo deste estudo prendeu-se com a análise da influência dos pares consumidores de substâncias psicoativas no consumo dessas mesmas substâncias por estudantes universitários. Este é um estudo transversal com uma amostra probabilística (n = 840) de estudantes universitários portugueses. Os dados foram recolhidos através de um questionário de autorelato anónimo e previamente validado composto por questões acerca dos consumos de substâncias psicoativas e dos consumos dessas substâncias pelos seus pares. Os resultados identificaram uma elevada prevalência de consumo de substâncias psicoativas (20.1%, 22.2% e 60.0% dos/as estudantes era fumador, consumidor de drogas ilícitas e apresentava um consumo excessivo de álcool, respetivamente). A maioria dos/as estudantes inquiridos/as referiu ter amigos/as consumidores/as de tabaco (84.8%), de drogas ilícitas (52.3%) e de álcool (93.9%). O consumo de substâncias psicoativas associou-se positivamente com ao consumo de substâncias psicoativas pelos pares. Estes resultados têm implicações práticas na investigação e intervenção em educação para a saúde no Ensino Superior. Por um lado, mostra a importância das instituições de ensino superior monitorizarem regularmente os comportamentos não-saudáveis e, por outro lado, que os programas de intervenção deverão capacitar os estudantes na tomada de decisões conscientes e positivas, promovendo o desenvolvimento de competências de regulação das emoções e a participação ativa das redes sociais mais próximas.
Outcomes of two-stage revision arthroplasty in the treatment of patients with periprosthetic hip infection (retrospective cohort study)
Authors:   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Triapichnikov A.S. , Kamshilov B.V. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Kolotygin D.A. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Belokrylov N.M. ,   Perm State Humanitarian-Pedagogical University, Perm, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

Introduction Periprosthetic infection (PPI) is a serious challenge for orthopedic surgeons. Two-stage revision with an antibiotic-impregnated spacer is one of the most common methods for treating periprosthetic infection. Purpose To evaluate the functional results of the second stage of revision arthroplasty in patients with PPI and to determine the survival of the endoprosthesis components. Materials and methods We retrospectively studied the results of the second stage of treatment (removal of the spacer and installation of the endoprosthesis) in 23 patients admitted to the department for the period 2016–2019. All patients received a spacer during the first stage of treatment. The mean age of the patients was 53.7 ± 2.2 years. Males prevailed (91.3 %). Results Three patients developed infection recurrence in the follow-up period of 44.4 ± 1.9 months. The effectiveness of revision arthroplasty performed as the second stage of treatment was 87 %. The Harris Hip Score before the second examination was 42.3 ± 2.5 points, at the time of the last follow-up examination it was significantly higher, 78.32 ± 3.8 points (p = 0.000052; Z – 4.04). Discussion The success of two-stage revision arthroplasty is influenced by the factors associated with patients’ co-morbidities, pathogenicity of the pathogen identified at the first stage, as well as the features of the implants used and surgical tactics. Conclusion The second stage of revision arthroplasty in patients who received a spacer with an antibiotic for the treatment of periprosthetic infection at the first stage significantly improved their functional state. The Kaplan-Meier implant survival rate was 77.5 %.
New laboratory tests for evaluating the effectiveness of the method of transosseous osteosynthesis for treatment of patients with chronic osteomyelitis of the foot bones
Authors:   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Stogov M.V. , Sudnitsyn A.S. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Kireeva E.A. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Kliushin N.M. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

Introduction The use of laboratory tests to monitor the treatment of patients with chronic osteomyelitis has a lot of clinical relevance. The purpose of the study was to identify laboratory tests for assessing metabolic processes in patients with purulent lesions of the foot bones for monitoring the dynamics of the recovery processes in the course of treatment. Methods The studies were carried out in 36 patients with chronic osteomyelitis of the calcaneus and adjacent bones of the foot of traumatic etiology. All patients were treated with the method of the Ilizarov transosseous osteosynthesis. Biochemical and coagulation parameters were studied. Results It was found that in patients with purulent lesions of the foot bones, the elevated levels of blood serum lactate were most frequently detected before surgery (52.8 %, 95 % CI: 36.6-68.6). The incidence of elevated CRP was 27.7 % (95 % CI: 14.6-43.3) on average, and one third of patients had elevated fibrinogen levels (33.3 %, 95-CI: 19.1-49, 3). During the treatment period, the incidence of elevated lactate levels in patients did not change but the incidence of elevated CRP levels increased significantly which was observed in 77.8 % of patients on the 3rd post-surgery day. By discharge from the hospital, elevated values of CRP and lactate occurred in 11.1 % of patients. It is assumed that the greatest diagnostic significance is the assessment of the level of lactate in the dynamics of the treatment in target patients. Discussion Based on the results of the studies, a laboratory sign was found that indicates the effectiveness of surgical treatment in patients with chronic osteomyelitis of the foot bones using the method of transosseous osteosynthesis. Such a sign is a decrease in the initially elevated concentration of lactate in the blood serum of patients in the postoperative period. The detected sign meets the requirements for its applicability in laboratory tests: 1) this sign is the most common in the target group of patients; 2) the dynamics of changes in the level of lactate correlates with the ongoing treatment; 3) this test is an indicator of a significant physiological process: oxidative metabolic processes in patients with the studied pathology.
Trabecularization of the cortical plate in chronic osteomyelitis
Authors:   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Diachkova G.V. , Kliushin N.M. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Diachkov K.A. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Shastov A.L. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Larionova T.A. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

Introduction Literature data and analysis of our own material indicate a change in the density of the long bone cortical plate in patients with chronic osteomyelitis along its extension; however, the nature and degree of structural disorders of the cortical layer beyond the inflammation zone is an unexplored area of radiomorphology. Objective To study the structural features of the cortical plate of the femur and tibia outside the inflammation nidus and the change in its structure in the form of trabecularization. Material and methods The study is retrospective single-center work of level of evidence IV. In 86 patients with chronic osteomyelitis of the long bones of the lower extremities, using polypositional radiography and multislice computed tomography (MSCT), the features of radiological morphology of the femur and tibia were studied in order to identify structural features and quantify the density of the cortical plate and its trabecularization. Results The cause of the inflammatory process in the bone in 83 cases was trauma or surgery, and consequences of hematogenous osteomyelitis in three cases. The most common location of chronic osteomyelitis was the distal femur (24) and tibia (25) bones. Due to long-term disease, nonunion or a bone defect developed in 11 patients. Analysis of MSCT data in 86 patients with chronic osteomyelitis showed that anatomical changes in the femur and tibia and the density characteristics of the cortical plate near the focus of destruction were manifested in 79.5 % of patients with a decrease in the thickness of the cortical plate (up to 2 mm) with complete trabecularization in separate areas with density from 290 to 360HU in 47.7 % of the examined. Conclusion Radiological morphological changes in the cortical plate of the femur and tibia in patients with chronic osteomyelitis near the focus of destruction were characterized by a decrease in the thickness and density of the cortical plate, accompanied by its complete or partial trabecularization with a density not exceeding 315.5 ± 38.6 Hounsfield units (HU) in 41 ( 47.7 %) of 86 patients.
Microabscesses as a possible cause of recurrence in chronic osteomyelitis
Authors:   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Diachkova G.V. , Kliushin N.M. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Diachkov K.A. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Shastov A.L. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Sudnitsyn A.S. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Larionova T.A. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

Introduction It is known that the density of the cortical plate of long bones in patients with chronic osteomyelitis changes throughout its extension. However, the nature of structural disorders in the cortical layer outside the inflammation zone has not been studied well. Purpose To study the structural features of the cortical plate of the femur and tibia outside the focus of inflammation to identify microcavities and microabscesses. Material and methods The study is retrospective conducted at one center. Evidence level IV. In 92 patients with chronic osteomyelitis of long bones of the lower extremities, using polypositional radiography and multislice computed tomography (MSCT), the features of radiological morphology of the femur and tibia were studied in order to reveal structural features of the cortical plate and identify microcavities. Results The cause of osteomyelitis in 5 cases was a consequence of hematogenous osteomyelitis, and in 87 cases it developed due to trauma or surgery. The most common location of chronic osteomyelitis was the distal femur and tibia. Anatomical changes in the femur and tibia in all patients had individual differences. Radiological morphological manifestations such as local and general osteoporosis, foci of osteosclerosis, architectonic disorders occurred in all patients. However, the severity of changes in the bone structure was extremely diverse, including the changes in bone density. Conclusion The data obtained indicate that radiological morphological changes in the cortical plate outside the zone of destruction are manifested by formation of microcavities and microabscesses in 15.6 % of patients, what plays an important role in possible recurrence of osteomyelitis.
Subtotal proximal resection and tibial reconstruction with a modular endoprosthesis complemented with custom-made short distal stem (a case report)
Authors:   National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics n.a. N.N. Priorov, Moscow, Russian Federation, Karpenko V.Yu. , Karasev A.L. ,   National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics n.a. N.N. Priorov, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kolondaev A.F. ,   National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics n.a. N.N. Priorov, Moscow, Russian Federation, Antonov K.A. ,   National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics n.a. N.N. Priorov, Moscow, Russian Federation, Lyubeznov N.A. ,   National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics n.a. N.N. Priorov, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

Introduction Malignant tumors are frequently localized in the long bones. Radical resection and reconstruction with megaprostheses is the gold standard of surgery in this group of patients. Unfortunately, the use of standard modular components is not possible in subtotal resection or is associated with a high risk of instability. Development of personalized shortened components of endoprostheses based on 3D computer modeling expands the possibilities of limb salvage surgical treatment. Materials and methods We describe a case of surgical treatment of a patient with extensive tibial fibrosarcoma. Pre-operative diagnosis based on CT, MRI, PET-CT and biopsy was low-grade fibrosarcoma, post-operative diagnosis was the same. Radical subtotal proximal resection of the tibia was performed, and modular knee megaprosthesis based on 3D-modelling custommade distal short tibial component of hybrid fixation was used for reconstruction. Rehabilitation after surgery included wearing knee and ankle orthoses. Results No tumor recurrence or metastases were revealed one year after surgery, functional and radiological results were excellent. Patient walked without support, her gate was correct, and MSTS score was 83 %. Discussion In recent years, custom-made short components of oncological endoprostheses using 3D computer modeling have been developed. The short custom-made tibial component used by us in the report is a combination of a short cemented stem locked with two extraosseous plates with a rough surface. It simultaneously ensures the strength of the implant and increases the contact with the distal tibia. Excellent radiological and functional results obtained one year after the operation allow us to hope for a positive outcome in the medium term and to delay extirpation of the tibia. Conclusion Radical bone resections and megaprosthetic reconstruction in malignant tumors provide the best functional results. Implementation of based on 3D-modelling custom-made prosthetic components in extensive resections is a perspective trend in limb-salvage surgery.
Osteoarticular pathology in Gaucher disease, complicated by tuberculosis (clinical observations)
Authors:   Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Moscow, Russian Federation, Semenova L.A. , Khomenko V.A. ,   Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Moscow, Russian Federation, Lukina K.A. ,   National Hematology Mеdicаl Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

Introduction Gaucher disease belongs to the group of hereditary lysosomal orphan cumulative diseases caused by deficiency of the β-glucocerebrosidase enzyme. It features polysystemic affection, including bone tissue. The osteoarticular system in Gaucher disease is affected in 75–83 % of cases. Moreover, infectious processes may frequently develop, including tuberculosis. Purpose The aim of this work was to demonstrate the features and difficulties in diagnosing osteoarticular pathology in Gaucher disease complicated by tuberculosis infection in patients of different ages. Material and methods The following methods were used in the study: clinical material (including a retrospective case history), additional research methods, imaging diagnosis (radiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging), data from the protocols of surgical interventions, morphological study of biopsy / surgical material with microbiological confirmation. Results Two case reports are presented that demonstrate destructive changes in bones and joints developed due to Gaucher disease, and its further association with tuberculosis infection. One patient was diagnosed with Gaucher disease in childhood and gradually developed osteoarticular pathology that was later complicated by tuberculous. In the second case, the patient sought medical help due to pain in the lumbar spine as he already had osteoarticular manifestations. Upon further examination at the age of 32, Gaucher disease was diagnosed. Tuberculosis infection of the bones was suspected but was questioned several times by various medical institutions. Conclusion The clinical cases discussed confirm the difficulty of diagnosing osteoarticular pathology in Gaucher disease, especially in associated tuberculosis. This issue dictates the need for a specific examination algorithm.
Immunogenetic aspects of osteoarthritis (literature review)
Authors:   Ural State Medical University, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Kazanсev Yu.A. , Urazaeva A.T. ,   Ural State Medical University, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Mustafin R.N. ,   Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation, Deryabina S.S. ,   Medical Center «Health Care of Mother and Child», Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

Inflammation plays critical role in the onset and progression of osteoarthritis (OA), a joint disease affecting more than 10 % of the world's population. Exporing immunological mechanisms of osteoarthritis is essential. The present paper is a literature review of immunogenetic aspects of the pathogenesis of the disease. The study is aimed at analysis and summary of information concerning the immunogenetics and molecular mechanisms of osteoarthritis. Material and methods The original literature search was conducted on key resources including Scientific Electronic Library (www. elibrary.ru) and the National Library of Medicine (www.pubmed.org) with subsequent selection of articles, analysis and synthesis of information. Results and discussion Mutations in proinflammatory cytokine and receptor genes, metalloprotease genes, HLA genes and in the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-4) gene, polymorphisms in phospholipase and IL-2 genes are more common for OA patients than for healthy subjects. Epigenetic regulation in OA include a decreased methylation of the promoters of proinflammatory cytokine and metalloprotease genes and a decreased methylation of NF‑κB‑sensitive iNOS enhancer sites. OA patients show an increased activity of histone acetylases in the IL-6 promoter area. In contrast, the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines is decreased due to the reduced activity of the SIRT1 deacetylase.
Actividad del Tribunal Constitucional: Relación de sentencias del Tribunal Constitucional dictadas durante el tercer cuatrimestre de 2021
Authors:   Área de Derecho Constitucional (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid)
Published: April 2022

Actividad del Tribunal Constitucional: Relación de sentencias del Tribunal Constitucional dictadas durante el tercer cuatrimestre de 2021
Population rearrangement of B-lymphocytes expressing chemokine receptors in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Kadushkin A.G. , Tahanovich A.D. , Movchan L.V. , Zafranskaya M.M. , Dziadzichkina V.V. , Shman T.V.
Published: April 2022

To date, there are no drugs that can prevent progressive destruction of lung tissue and small airway fibrosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Therefore, molecular mechanisms of this disease are being studied. The aim of this study was to determine the chemokine receptor expression pattern of B-lymphocytes from peripheral blood and airways of patients with COPD. Peripheral blood was collected from 51 smokers with COPD, 21 healthy smokers, and 20 healthy non-smokers. Seven smokers with COPD and 7 healthy smokers were recruited to undergo bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). The expression of chemokine receptors CCR5, CCR6, CCR7, CXCR3, CXCR4, and CXCR5 on the surface of blood and BAL B-lymphocytes was determined by flow cytometry. It was found that the percentage of blood B-lymphocytes expressing chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR3 was higher in smokers with COPD compared with healthy smokers and healthy non-smokers. The percentage of CD27⁺ B-cells expressing CCR5 and CXCR3 receptors exceeded the proportion of CD27⁻ B-lymphocytes expressing these receptors in peripheral blood of patients with COPD and healthy controls. In smoking patients with COPD, the percentage of BAL B-cells expressing receptors CCR5 and CXCR3 was also increased compared with healthy smokers. There were no differences in the percentage of B-lymphocytes expressing receptors CXCR4, CXCR5, CCR6, and CCR7 in both peripheral blood and BAL between smokers with COPD and healthy smokers. A greater percentage of CD27⁻ B-lymphocytes than CD27⁺ B-cells expressed receptors CXCR4, CXCR5, CCR6, and CCR7 in the peripheral blood of smokers with COPD and healthy controls. The results of this study indicate a modification in the chemokine receptor profile of B-lymphocytes in COPD.
SOUND-IMAGING LANGUAGE SYSTEM
Authors: Власенко Н.И. , Толмачева И.А. , Наумов Е.В.
Published: April 2022

Рассматриваются вопросы звукоизобразительной системы языка. Говорится о мотивировке и непроизвольности (произвольности) языкового знака, о наличии в языке особой звукоизобразительной системы. Утверждается, что основной задачей фоносемантики является исследование звукоизобразительной системы. Представлен краткий анализ слов-терминов различных областей научного знания. Предпринят анализ примеров звукоподражательных основ с целью выявления мотивировки термина, обладающей ярко выраженной образностью, облегчающей установление ассоциативных связей. Сделан вывод о мотивировке, характере звукоподражания и ассоциациях по сходству форм или действий.

The issues of the sound-imaginative system of the language are considered. It is said about the motivation and involuntariness (arbitrariness) of the language sign, about the presence of a special sound-imaginative system in the language. It is stated that the main task of phonosemantics is the study of the sound-imaginative system. A brief analysis of the words-terms of various fi elds of scientifi c knowledge is presented. The analysis of examples of onomatopoeic bases is undertaken in order to identify the motivation of the term, which has a pronounced imagery that facilitates the establishment of associative links. The conclusion is made about the motivation, the nature of onomatopoeia and associations based on the similarity of forms or actions.
IS THERE ECONOMIC GROWTH IN RUSSIA?
Authors: Алпатова Э.С.
Published: April 2022

Рассматривается вопрос о  наличии и  качестве экономического роста в  России. Показано, что за прошедшее десятилетие экономика уменьшилась в  абсолютном выражении. Сформирована тупиковая сырьевая модель преимущественно экстенсивного типа, нацеленная на извлечение природной ренты в  интересах узкого круга властных элит. Доказывается, что для перехода к инновационно-конкурентной модели, основанной на человеческом капитале и высокотехнологичном бизнесе, необходимо наличие политической воли для замены экстрактивных политических и экономических институтов на инклюзивные.

The article examines the availability and quality of economic growth in Russia. It shows that the economy has shrunk in absolute terms over the past decade. A dead-end raw material model of predominantly extensive type, aimed at extracting naturalrents in the interests of a narrow circle of powerelites, has been formed. It is argued that the political will to replace extractive political and economic institutions with inclusive ones is necessary for the transition to an innovative and competitive model based on human capital and high-tech business.
Analysis of Behavioral and Information Security Awareness among Users of Zoom Application in COVID-19 Era
Authors: Candiwan Candiwan , Azmi Mufidatul , Alamsyah Andry
Published: April 2022

Behavior in using inappropriate technology and low level of individual awareness causes a high risk of cybercrime. This study aims to see the behavior and awareness of information security among users of the Zoom application, especially in the COVID-19 era in Indonesia. The measurement scales used in this study were RBS (Risky Behavior Scale), CBS (Conservative Behavior Scale), EOS (Exposure Offence Scale), and RPS (Risk Perception Scale). This research used an online questionnaire to collect data with 400 respondents. Data analysis techniques used the Independent Sample T-Test, Mann Whitney, One Way Anova, Krusskal Wallis, Tukey, Pairwise Comparison, and Spearman Rank, which were processed using the SPSS program. The results showed significant differences between demographics on behavior and information security awareness. Daily Internet usage time influenced behavior and awareness of information security. Security behavior and awareness of information security are essential to determine the risks due to behavior and lack of awareness of information security. The most important findings in this study can be used as a reference in designing information security training. Further studies are expected to add other variables such as psychography, geography, or other users of different video conferencing applications such as Google Meet, Microsoft Team, and Webex.
BEDEN, BİREY VE TOPLUM KESİŞİMİNDE ENGELLİ BİREYLERİN ERİŞEBİLİRLİK DENEYİMLERİ: GAZİANTEP ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: DOĞRUEL Fulya
Published: April 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı, bedensel engelli bireylerin toplumsal hayata katılım durumlarını, toplumsal kaynaklara erişebilme imkânlarını ve engelliliğe dair algılarını incelemektir. Bu amaçla çalışma, temelde engelliliğin sosyal teorisine dayanarak, engelliliği sadece beden ve sağlık boyutları ile değil, kültür, toplum, ekonomi, teknoloji ve sosyal politika boyutlarını da içeren bütünsel bir bakış açısıyla ele almaktadır. Bu bağlamda engellilik olgusunun toplumsal olarak nasıl inşa edildiğini ve bireysel olarak nasıl deneyimlendiğini etkileşimsel bir çerçeveden anlamaya çalışmaktadır. Gaziantep kent merkezinde temel nitel araştırma metoduyla gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmanın verileri otuz iki katılımcıyla gerçekleştirilen derinlemesine mülakatlar yoluyla toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda engelli bireylerin özgün bedensel deneyimlerine uygun bir erişebilirliğin toplumsal katılımın belirleyicisi olduğu ve engellik algısı ile erişilebilirliğin karşılıklı bir etkileşim içinde olduğu ortaya konmuştur.
Zarys historii i inwentaryzacja zachowanej infrastruktury sportów zimowych w Karpaczu, Szklarskiej Porębie i Lubawce
Authors: Panicz Julia
Published: April 2022

Tematem artykułu są historyczne obiekty sportowe na terenie Karpacza, Szklarskiej Poręby i Lubawki. Przedstawiony został zarys dziejów zimowej infrastruktury sportowej dostępnej na tych terenach. Wybrane obiekty, tj. skocznie narciarskie oraz tory bobslejowo-saneczkowe, związane są z zimowymi dyscyplinami sportowymi. Istotnym aspektem są przeprowadzone badania terenowe umożliwiające ocenę bieżącej sytuacji. Wykonana przez autorkę inwentaryzacja dała możliwość oceny stanu i stopnia zachowania. Wykorzystana została dokumentacja fotograficzna zrobiona w trakcie badań terenowych.
Ile Lucyfera w Lucyferze? Serialowa postać a jej biblijny pierwowzór. Różnice i podobieństwa
Authors: Bartosiewicz Aleksandra
Published: April 2022

Szatan i początki Zła fascynują ludzkość od zarania dziejów. W artykule podjęta zostanie próba odpowiedzi na pytanie, kim jest Szatan i dlaczego bywa często utożsamiany z Lucyferem? Prześledzimy następnie jego losy spisane na kartach Pisma Świętego oraz literatury apokryficznej, by na koniec porównać Szatana z tytułowym bohaterem popularnego w ostatnich latach serialu Lucyfer. Dzięki temu możliwa będzie odpowiedź na kolejne pytanie – w jakim stopniu serialowy bohater, uosobienie zakorzenionych w popkulturze powszechnych wyobrażeń na temat postaci Szatana, przypomina swój biblijny pierwowzór.
Turystyka wyjazdowa niepełnosprawnych ruchowo mieszkańców Krakowa – stan i potrzeby
Authors: Furmanek Mirosław
Published: April 2022

Artykuł jest analizą turystyki wyjazdowej mieszkających w Krakowie osób z niepełnosprawnością narządu ruchu. Porównano aktywność turystyczną w stanie niepełnosprawności i przed jej powstaniem. Omówiono sezonowość, długość trwania i kierunki wyjazdów, ograniczenia napotykane podczas wyjazdów, preferowane formy turystyki, sposób organizacji wyjazdu, preferowaną bazę noclegową, środki transportu oraz wydatki ponoszone na turystykę. Przedstawiono motywacje uprawiania turystyki, oczekiwania związane z wyjazdami oraz wpływ dotychczasowych doświadczeń na przyszłe zachowania turystyczne.
Przestrzeń turystyczno-artystyczna Łodzi na przykładzie Galerii Urban Forms
Authors: Mokras-Grabowska Justyna
Published: April 2022

Łódź jako miasto o postindustrialnym potencjale turystycznym, a także miasto sztuki nowoczesnej i kultury niezależnej, staje się w ostatnich latach unikatową na mapie Polski destynacją, której tkanka miejska stanowi doskonałe tło do działań z zakresu „street artu”. Jednym z takich działań jest galeria murali Fundacji Urban Forms, która przyczyniając się do rewitalizacji obszarów i kreowania nowych walorów, tworzy nową przestrzeń miasta – przestrzeń turystyczno-artystyczną. Artykuł opisuje zarówno proces powstawania tej przstrzeni, jak i charakterystyczne jej cechy.
Próba wyznaczenia obszarów o najwyższym stopniu wykorzystania turystycznego jako przesłanki do regionalizacji turystycznej Polski
Authors: Sobotka Sławomir
Published: April 2022

W artykule dokonano krótkiego przeglądu propozycji (20) regionalizacji (lub prób delimitacji najatrakcyjniejszych obszarów pod względem wypoczynkowym) turystycznych części lub całej Polski, które powstały w latach 1938–2012. Przeanalizowano też wybrane definicje regionów turystycznych i omówiono wskaźniki, które są proponowane przy delimitacji regionów (obszarów) turystycznych. Podjęto również próbę wyznaczenia obszarów o najwyższym stopniu wykorzystania turystycznego, w części wzorowaną na koncepcji M.I. Mileskiej (1908–1988). Zawiera ona naukowe (precyzyjne) kryteria wyznaczania regionów turystycznych. Podnoszona przez badaczy (częściowa) nieaktualność jej opracowania, wynika nie tyle z zastosowanych metod, co z liczby regionów turystycznych i zajmowanego przez nie obszaru. Należy to uznać za zrozumiałe, biorąc pod uwagę, że regionalizacja powstała na początku lat 60. XX w. Ważnym głosem w podjętej dyskusji jest również najnowsza regionalizacja turystyczna Polski, którą opracowała M. Durydiwka.
Incidental Development of Pronunciation Learning Strategies
Authors: Jarosz Anna
Published: April 2022

The studies devoted to the so-called good language learners that emerged in the 1970s (Rubin 1975) reveal that efficient learners fall back on an abundant and highly individualised array of techniques and strategic behaviours related to and employed while learning. The well-known taxonomies by Oxford (1990) and O’Malley and Chamot (1990) gave rise to analyses and investigations in the field of learner autonomy and self-development, also in pronunciation learning/teaching. As has been corroborated by empirical studies (Oxford 2001a; Oxford 2001b; Chamot, 2004) strategy training contributes to the increase in overall proficiency as well as to a number of invaluable benefits such as enhanced motivation, greater self-efficacy, anxiety reduction and more positive attitudes. Although studies dedicated to the relationship between learning strategies and pronunciation are still in their infancy, there are a number of investigations that set the directions for further research and development (Peterson 2000; Pawlak 2008; Pawlak and Oxford 2018).

The paper presents results of a pilot study conducted in a secondary school that aimed at observing how learners develop pronunciation strategies as a result of regular pronunciation input and feedback from the teacher. It addresses a tentative assumption that explicit pronunciation training may contribute to the enhanced strategy use and consequently to better oral performance. Detecting and naming the strategies employed by the learners as well as selecting the most effective ones for more explicit application aided and boosted the learners’ awareness and confidence, which was confirmed by data obtained from questionnaires and from participant observation.
When Do the Leaves Fall and When Do We Reap? – Semantic Analysis of Folk Month Names in the Languages of Eastern Europe
Authors: Sučević Međeral Krešimir
Published: April 2022

The abundance of folk month names in different languages of Eastern Europe results in specific mental pictures in a speaker's mind. Translation usually fails to communicate the elaborate connotations implied, even in the case of closely related languages. The paper gives a comparative semantical analysis of folk month names in the Slavic languages, the Baltic languages, Finnish, Estonian, Hungarian, Romanian and Albanian, identifying the common features, the differences and possible reasons for both. The aim of the paper is to provide data for both linguistic and ethnological mapping of Eastern Europe, as an area that had been under less influence from the Latin-dominated culture and had in that way better preserved some original, less uniform linguistic features.
Non-Commercial Advertisements: Multimodal Metaphor, Metonymy and Conceptual Blending at Work
Authors: Ikere Zaiga , Oļehnoviča Ilze , Liepa Solveiga
Published: April 2022

Nowadays the omnipresence of advertisements, and the necessity of conscious and subconscious mental interpretation of their hidden messages, can hardly be overlooked. In the present article, the authors attempt to provide additional evidence for the role of multimodal metaphor, metonymy, and conceptual blending in hidden cognitive mechanisms involved in the understanding and/or the correct interpretation of printed non-commercial advertisements and their overall communicative effect thus brought about. The objective is to consider and analyse text-image non-commercial advertisements randomly retrieved from the Internet; the analysis is carried out from the cognitive perspective and aims at discussing the functions of multimodal metaphor, metonymy and conceptual blending as powerful mechanisms exploited for creative purposes in advertising texts and accompanying images, and thus in conveying the central ideas embedded in the adverts.
Conectores de discurso en el español del siglo XVI
Authors: Cano Aguilar Rafael
Published: April 2022

El artículo no presenta reseña.
En busca de una aproximación entre la psicología y la lingüística
Authors: Lara Luis Fernando
Published: April 2022

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Acercamiento a Valle-Inclán: de 1963 hasta el presente
Authors: Lima Robert
Published: April 2022

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Aspecto y estructura argumental en los ‘participios nominales’ del castellano
Authors: Mondoñedo Aysa
Published: April 2022

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Historicismo y teleología: el Manual de gramática histórica española en el marco del comparatismo europeo
Authors: Oesterreicher Wulf
Published: April 2022

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Grupos consonánticos cultos en el siglo XVI y XVII: ¿representación fonémica o norma gráfica?
Authors: Arias Beatriz
Published: April 2022

Este trabajo analiza la representación gráfica de algunos grupos consonánticos “cultos” del español colonial mexicano en documentos, cartillas y ortografías de los siglos XVI y XVII. A partir de este estudio se ha podido registrar varios tipos de representación gráfica de las consonantes en posición implosiva, muchas de las cuales son similares a las que se registran en el habla popular de esta zona. La presente investigación advierte, por una parte, que el estudio gráfico de documentos novohispanos ofrece pistas sobre la “realización” de los grupos cultos de la época en cuestión. Por otra parte, concluimos que muchos de estos fenómenos que ocurren en los contornos de la sílaba, en concreto en la coda, son bastante parecidos a los analizados en el habla popular de los mexicanos del siglo XXI.
El cantar fúnebre atribuido al Inca Yupanqui: Estudio semántico
Authors: Ballón Enrique
Published: April 2022

Los cronistas de la conquista española de los Andes recogieron en sus textos algunas muestras de la tradición oral ancestral de los pueblos avasallados. Así, Juan de Betanzos incluyó en su Suma y narración de los incas ([¿1551?] 1987) un cantar fúnebre atribuido al inca Tupac Yupanqui cuya interpretación semántica y semiolingüística es presentada en este artículo.