bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Religious Tolerance as a Political Argument. Debates on the Legal Status of the Protestants of Hungary, 1790–1791
Authors: Forgó András
Published: November 2023

The Decree of Toleration (1781) brought radical changes to the lives of the Calvinist, Lutheran and Orthodox denominations in the Kingdom of Hungary. The most important change was that the private religious practice was substantially extended. Another important element of the decree was that it exempted non-Catholics from the so-called decretal oath and from participating in Catholic rites. Equally significant is the regulation on marriage law, which, among other things, specified the denominational status of children in mixed marriages and after conversions. Following the death of Joseph II (1790), an unprecedented political ferment began in Hungary. As no assembly of the Estates had been convened since 1765, the Hungarian political elite, inspired not least by the French example, felt that the time had come to put into practice the long-matured reform ideas. Among these matters, the religious question was the most prominent. The majority of the Estates supported the equal rights of the Protestant denominations, and only the Catholic clergy and a few secular Catholics maintained the earlier intolerant position. With the legalization of the free exercise of religion by the two Protestant (and Orthodox) denominations initiated the process of dismantling the status of Catholicism as a state religion. A few decades later, this led to the establishment of religious equality, an essential cornerstone of the modern civil state.
Einige Fragen der Kirchenverwaltung des mittelalterlichen ungarischen Königtums
Authors: Thoroczkay Gábor
Published: November 2023

The study deals with four problems of medieval Hungarian church law and church history. Firstly, it describes the debates surrounding the formation and status of the archbishopric of Kalocsa, emphasising the missionary nature of the early archbishopric; secondly, it discusses the relationship between archdeaconries associated with a provostship and collegiate chapters, stressing the primacy of archdeaconries; thirdly, it examines the question of the Eigenbistümer in Hungary, agreeing with the view that the bishopric of Nitra was initially such a church. In the fourth place, it interprets a sentence of a fourteenth-century Hungarian chronicle, stating that Gregory of Bicske, the elected Archbishop of Esztergom (1298–1303), was only the governor (procurator seu administrator) of the Archbishopric of Esztergom.
A Musical Stereotype? Repetitive Formations of Women’s Voices in the Trouvère Repertory
Authors: Jacob Uri
Published: November 2023

This article focuses on the effects of extensive melodic repetition in twelve Old French monophonic songs preserved in chansonniers (song books) from the thirteenth century. All these songs share a specific formal pattern: at least three initial poetic verses (or pairs of verses) set to the same melody. While the methodological point of departure for this study revolves around musical form and melodic construction, five songs within this group of twelve involve women speakers within their poetic texts—a relative rarity in medieval song. In addition to reviewing the cultural, cognitive, emotional, and performative implications of repetition, the article considers how repetitive melodic patterns intersect with and complement the feminine emphases of the text, arguing that this combination is not coincidental. As demonstrated by a close reading of these five songs, repetition has the potential to depict deliberately distinct female figures, ranging from a woman who longs for the touch of her absent crusading lover to the Virgin Mary herself. Repetition thereby serves in these songs to destabilize both the widespread trope of courtly love and the gendered implications of the chanson as a poetic and musical genre.
Rhythm and Reading Abilities
Authors: Ahokas J. Riikka , Tretow Ariane , Toiviainen Petri , Leppänen Paavo , Saarikallio Suvi
Published: November 2023

This study was conducted to investigate the previously indicated causal relationship between reading impairment and difficulties in rhythm perception in an adult sample. In our study the comparison was made between the family risk for dyslexia and the no-risk for dyslexia groups to assess the possibility of shared risk factors. We hypothesized that a relationship exists between reading deficits and lower performance in rhythm perception within the family risk for dyslexia participant group. The participants were young adults (N = 119, aged from 20 to 48 years old). We assessed the reading abilities, rhythm perception performance and memory performance, and sensorimotor music reward experiences of our participants. Our results indicate that in adulthood rhythm perception appears to correlate with aspects of memory function, rather than with measures of reading fluency. Our results also suggest an indirect relationship between rhythm perception and word text reading fluency through short-term memory within the family risk for dyslexia group. A weak positive correlation between sensorimotor musical reward experience and pseudoword reading fluency was detected as well. We suggest family risk for dyslexia as an additional variable in future research.
DEVELOPMENT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF YOUNGER SCHOOL STUDENTS AS AN INTERDISCIPLINARY PROBLEM OF THE NEW UKRAINIAN SCHOOL
Authors: Kotyk Tetiana , Shkleda Lesia
Published: November 2023

The development of such a personal quality of students as emotional intelligence has become especially relevant in the modern world, including in the New Ukrainian School. The article highlights the results of the analysis of software for the development of emotional intelligence of younger schoolchildren, presented in current standard educational programs and the State Standard of General Primary Education of Ukraine in accordance with all educational branches of primary school. They came to the conclusion that the development of the emotional intelligence of younger schoolchildren is a cross-cutting content line, that is, a mandatory educational result that is formed by the means of all educational branches and serves as an indicator of qualitative changes in the primary education system.
ETHNO-CULTURAL COMPONENT IN MODERN PRIMARY EDUCATION
Authors: Romaniuk Svìtlana
Published: November 2023

The aim of the article is to reveal the role of the ethno-cultural component in forming the national consciousness of junior schoolchildren. One of the most important functions of the school at today's stage is the development of the child's personal world through mastering the spiritual and practical experience and culture of humanity, educating a cultured person capable of self-determination and productive creative activity to create a cultural environment. The implementation of the ethno-cultural component of the content of school education, which is provided by the cultural approach, opens up space for students in creative and research activities, their acquisition of key and subject competencies. It has been proven that the task of the teacher and school education is to ensure the transmission and communication of the ethno-cultural traditions of previous generations to the present, support the positive trends of cultural interaction in the conditions of cohabitation of different peoples / nationalities / ethnic groups for the enrichment and development of ethnic cultures as part of the national culture. It is emphasized that the ethnocultural component is an effective means of awakening cognitive activity, independence, bright individuality, aesthetic development of junior schoolchildren, their involvement in the rich treasures of the material and spiritual culture of Ukrainian people through the assimilation of theoretical knowledge and practical participation in multiplying its achievements. It ensures the assimilation of samples and values of national culture, cultural-historical and social experience of one's state, the formation of a sense of belonging and respect for one's native land. The implementation of this component is ensured through the content of the textbooks of the linguistic and literary field of education - "Ukrainian language" and "Reading", where samples of artistic works of ethno-cultural orientation are presented, since Ukrainian studies topics form Ukrainian studies and general cultural competence in primary school students.
FORMATION OF AN INCLUSIVE MODEL OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION FOR STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES WHO ARE WAR VETERANS IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Blavt Oksana
Published: November 2023

The relevance of the study is determined by the urgent need of the educational community to provide a full opportunity to receive higher education for participants in hostilities, and above all for war veterans, among whom there are many students with disabilities. The purpose of the work is to identify the key foundations of the formation of an inclusive physical education model for war veteran students in higher education institutions. Research methods: theoretical analysis, systematization, comparison of different views on the investigated problem, generalization of data from scientific and methodological, and special literature. It was investigated that the challenges related to the implementation of inclusive education, which faced the education system of Ukraine, are identical to European systems. The implementation of foreign experience in the domestic educational process is a creative combination of key components of corrective development and the interaction of participants in the educational process (teachers and students with disabilities, war veterans) in the course of inclusive physical education aimed at overcoming the effects of the war to eliminate violations in their health. It was found that efforts should be directed to the justification and creation of effective models of inclusive physical education, organized based on modern innovative general scientific and special technologies, theory, methods and practice of physical culture, which would ensure a high level of physical activity of students with disabilities who are war veterans in the process of their their adaptation in the environment of the educational institution would contribute to their health and achievement of the predicted results in the course of their higher education. The directions of implantation of progressive ideas in the process of formation of an inclusive model of physical education for students with disabilities who are war veterans in higher education institutions are singled out. These include training physical education specialists who fully possess inclusive competence; updating the content of methods in the field of inclusive physical education; targeted educational and informational work to develop the need for physical self-improvement and health care among students with disabilities who are war veterans; development of motivation to engage in physical education of students with disabilities who are war veterans; support of the organization of students with disabilities who are war veterans in their physical education on an equal basis with all participants in the educational process; creation of centers of physical culture and sports orientation for students with disabilities who are war veterans in institutions of higher education.
METHODOLOGY OF RESEARCHING THE PROBLEM OF SOCIAL AND PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT OF MOTHERHOOD AND CHILDREN IN UKRAINE (XX - Beginning of XXI Century)
Authors: Stynska Viktoriia
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the methodological basis of the study of socio-pedagogical support for motherhood and childhood, which is revealed at the philosophical, general scientific and specific scientific levels. At the philosophical level (general principles of cognition and the categorical composition of science in general), the principles of dialectics and the principles of development, interdisciplinarity, general connection and determinism in unity with axiological, anthropological, systemic approaches provide an opportunity to determine the philosophical foundations of the unity of the theory and practice of socio-pedagogical support for motherhood and childhood (XX - early XXI centuries). At the level of general scientific methodology (key theoretical provisions, approaches used in most scientific disciplines) - terminological (to correlate the terminological apparatus and the author's interpretation of the basic categories); cultural (to study social, pedagogical, psychological and other phenomena and objects through the prism of the phenomenon of culture); socio-cultural (to study socio-pedagogical support for motherhood and childhood in the interdisciplinary space); Innovative (to implement the experience of establishing social and pedagogical support for motherhood and childhood in order to maximize the use of the positive achievements of the past at the present stage). At the level of a specific scientific methodology (a set of paradigms, theories of social pedagogy, approaches, principles implemented in scientific research) - paradigms (personal, personal-social); theories (socialization (cyclic, socializationeventualization, factor)), social capital, status-role), approaches (personal-social-activity, environmental, ethical, behaviorist, psychoanalytic, maternal-centered, child-centered, family-centered, historical and pedagogical, narrative, chronological and the principle of diachrony. It is concluded that the use of the above methodological approaches will help to consider at the theoretical and practical level and objectively reproduce and outline the conceptual vectors of the studied problem of socio-pedagogical support for motherhood and childhood.
How Artificial Intelligence Affects Various Aspects of Recruitment Processes: The Case of Tunisian Banks
Authors: Amamou Meriam
Published: November 2023

Significant technological advancements are affecting human resource management, necessitating professional adaptation. Artificial intelligence is one such advancement. Our research aims to determine the use of AI tools in the recruitment process of Tunisian banks. To achieve this, we conducted an exploratory analysis based on case studies to identify the AI tools used and understand recruitment managers' perceptions of their effectiveness and dependability in the context of Tunisian banks. Recruiters report that the job market in the banking sector is slowing. They have noticed a shift in the candidate profile. While AI technologies are becoming more critical, traditional recruitment techniques remain essential in hiring. Recruiters believe AI tools can improve the recruitment process, but only if they are trustworthy and concise.
Revisión ontológica de modelo de innovación social basado en teorías de estructuración e institucionalista
Authors: Romero-Lovo Hartog Augusto Alfredo
Published: November 2023

El modelo teórico que representa el proceso de innovación social presentado por Cajaiba-Santana integra las teorías de estructuración e institucionalista según lo trabajado por Bacq & Janssen. Sin embargo, este modelo deja de lado algunas construcciones trabajadas por los autores originales importantes sin especificar las razones. Esta investigación refuerza el modelo basándose en una construcción ontológica y algunas especificaciones en la interacción entre las teorías fusionadas que podrán facilitar futuras investigaciones científicas.
La poética de la ciudad como discurso de la deshumanización en El reverso tuyo de Ariana Lía
Authors: Cueva Ramos Lisbett Ariana
Published: November 2023

El presente artículo aborda la deshumanización del ego poético en el poema “Solo quiero despertar con la quietud del tiempo” de El reverso tuyo de Ariana Lía. El poema menciona la creación de dos espacios de encuentro; en el primer escenario, la naturaleza se presenta como espacio de liberación y en el segundo escenario la ciudad se construye como el espacio de alienación, condena y sufrimiento. Esto nos lleva a plantear que la deshumanización del ego poético en el espacio de la ciudad es el efecto de la posmodernidad, producto de la cultura de consumo. Lo cual afecta tanto al individuo (yo poético) y la sociedad. No obstante, la naturaleza se presenta como una esperanza de solución del hombre contemporáneo. El tema propuesto lo abordaremos desde la teoría del poder de Michel Foucault y la teoría crítica de la industria cultural planteado por Theodor Adorno y Mark Horkheime.
Los abigeos en “Ñakay Pacha”
Authors: Huayre Ignacio Amadeo
Published: November 2023

En este artículo de investigación nos proponemos analizar e interpretar el proceso de mimetización de los abigeos en las comunidades campesinas. Para tal efecto, analizamos el cuento “Ñakay Pacha” de Dante Castro. Nos centramos en los hechos que incitaron a los campesinos a verse involucrados en el enfrentamiento entre los Sinchis y los subversivos. En suma, nos aproximamos al impacto que tuvieron los abigeos en la agudización de la violencia política en la década del 80. Para el desarrollo de los contenidos hemos contado con el aporte de destacados investigadores como Raúl González, Mark R. Cox, Carmen P. Saucedo y María del C. Díaz V.
La función de los espejos en ‘Elogio de la madrastra’ y ‘Los cuadernos de don Rigoberto’, de Mario Vargas Llosa
Authors: Pajuelo Lara Katherine
Published: November 2023

Por su vinculación y propuesta de lectura continua, he denominado a Elogio de la madrastra (1988) y Los cuadernos de don Rigoberto (1997), en conjunto, «la obra erótica vargasllosiana» o «la novela del mirón». Su narrador nos invita a contemplar el escenario donde se desarrolla la historia semiincestuosa entre Lucrecia y Alfonso, y crea una obra de arte universal y clásico con cuadros, libros, arquitectura, música y, por supuesto, los cuadernos. Sobre la base teórica de Foucault (1968), Deleuze (2005) y Lacan (1998), planteo la siguiente hipótesis: la función de los espejos en «la novela del mirón» puede interpretarse, en efecto, como una herramienta voyerista, pero también como el lugar donde el ser se reconoce y, a la vez, se duplica. Tarde o temprano, los personajes de la gran obra se miran al espejo, se descubren, se desdoblan, se vuelven cuadros.
El yanantin y el pachakutiy en el teatro vanguardista andino: un acercamiento a Sapan churi de Inocencio Mamani
Authors: Ventura Vásquez Williams Nicks
Published: November 2023

El teatro de Inocencio Mamani (1904-1990) constituye un hito en el ámbito del modelo de representación dramática en un periodo donde el vanguardismo fomentaba una renovación estética y sociopolítica. Entre sus primeras obras que se han podido registrar en versión castellana, Sapan churi refleja la cosmovisión andina y plantea la importancia de la búsqueda del saber en la educación para enfrentar el desconocimiento que el hombre del campo tuvo desde tiempos remotos. Con el fin de esclarecer el planteamiento teatral de Mamani, el presente artículo indaga los alcances del vanguardismo andino en el aspecto teatral que se produjeron en la segunda década del siglo XX y analiza la pieza teatral en mención, bajo las categorías andinas de yanantin y pachakutiy para detectar el equilibrio dual que regula la tensión producida por el ánimo de una transformación cultural de pensamiento educativo, el cual será favorable para el progreso de la comunidad.
Margarita Saona. De monstruos y cyborgs. Lima: Intermezzo Tropical, 2023, 69 pp.
Authors: Heredia Mimbela Lenin
Published: November 2023

En las primeras páginas de Palinuro de México (1977), Fernando del Paso presenta a un personaje femenino llamado Estefanía, una niña que oye con curiosidad los relatos de su tío Esteban, un hombre fascinado con los avances de la medicina. Para explicar estos avances, por ejemplo, el tío Esteban describe, con pavorosa exactitud, y a lo largo de varios párrafos, los innumerables experimentos que la ciencia ha efectuado con animales. Cuando cesan por fin los detalles, y siguiendo siempre el punto de vista de la niña, el narrador sentencia: “A Estefanía le fue imposible entender que estos experimentos macabros hubieran sido indispensables para el progreso de las ciencias médicas” (p. 21).
José Antonio Encinas. Un ensayo de escuela nueva en el Perú. Facsímil tipográfico. Prólogo de Guillermo Nugent. Lima: Fondo Editorial de la UNMSM, 2022, 254 pp.
Authors: Hurtado Lazo Alex
Published: November 2023

Existen libros de los que solo hemos escuchado su nombre y su trascendencia en un ámbito académico o cultural determinado, pero al que no hemos podido acceder, sea por su corto tiraje, por su carácter “periférico” o por motivos políticos. Un ensayo de escuela nueva en el Perú (1932) de José Antonio Encinas calza con estas tres características. Para mi generación, o al menos a los que estábamos interesados en el estudio de la producción regional del siglo pasado, acceder a este texto era muy complicado, salvo que sea a través de algunas bibliotecas particulares. Era ese libro del que se hablaba sin haberlo leído.
Daniel Cassany. El arte de dar clase (según un lingüista). Barcelona: Anagrama, 2021, 192 pp.
Authors: Condori Caucha Mery Luz
Published: November 2023

El arte de dar clase (según un lingüista) es el último trabajo del profesor Daniel Cassany, cuyo texto original fue publicado en catalán el 2021, bajo el título L’art de fer classe y por la misma editorial. El contenido del libro, a manera de anecdotario estructurado por temáticas, está dedicado a explicar a los profesores (especialmente de Lingüística) el proceso para diseñar y ofrecer situaciones especiales de aprendizaje, en vez de dar o dictar una clase. Tomando en cuenta que en la actualidad el estudiante es el centro de la labor de enseñanza.
Arquitectura, belleza y adecuacionismo en los artículos tempranos de Luis Miró Quesada Garland (1938-1944)
Authors: Victorio Cánovas Emma Patricia
Published: November 2023

El arquitecto Luis Miró Quesada Garland publicó el libro Espacio en el tiempo. La arquitectura moderna como fenómeno cultural en 1945. Entonces llevaba casi diez años de ejercicio profesional y otros tantos escribiendo artículos sobre arte y arquitectura. El presente trabajo analiza una selección de escritos tempranos de Miró Quesada, publicados entre 1938 y 1944, con el propósito de comprender sus planteamientos sobre belleza, adecuacionismo y estilo. La hipótesis sostiene que en estos artículos está el germen de la propuesta teórica que desarrollará, más adelante, en el libro. Como objetivo específico, se propone examinar sus aportes, tanto en la plástica como en el campo teórico que le sirvió de sustento. Se parte del enfoque de Juan Acha quien señala que es indispensable conocer nuestra realidad latinoamericana y teorizar el arte según nuestras necesidades, pues nuestro arte responde a necesidades locales, obedece a influencias contemporáneas y es a la vez conservador.
From a Fishermen’s Village to a Resort: Relationship between Holidaymakers and Hosts in the Texts of the Residents of the Curonian Spit
Authors: Kiseliūnaitė Dalia
Published: November 2023

The article aims to reveal the attitude characteristic of the residents of the Curonian Spit towards interwar-time (1923–1939) holidaymakers whom they provided with hospitality services. Regarding the ethnocultural space of the Curonian Spit, it is usual to refer to the published impressions from the 19th and the first half of the 20th century. Despite the political accents and different interpretations, the impressions are conveyed through the eyes of holidaymakers or short-term guests. So far, little attention has been paid to the social self-awareness of the local population amid significant political and social changes in the region. This interdisciplinary research is based on linguistic and ethnographic material. In the narratives based on the subjective experience of the residents, the regional concepts of “recreation”, “holidaymaker”, “one’s own/stranger”, “hospitality”, content and linguistic expression come to light.

Texts and their fragments reflecting the topic were selected from the linguistic and ethnographic material collected in the field research between 1980 and 2004 and analyzed using the methods of text and, partially, concept analysis.
Alkūnės kanalo sindromo chirurginio gydymo rezultatai
Authors: Virbickaitė Eglė , Dedelytė Emilija , Knystautas Saulius , Gindriūnas Simas , Braziulis Kęstutis
Published: November 2023

Background. Cubital tunnel syndrome is the second most commonly diagnosed compressive neuropathy of the upper extremity after carpal tunnel syndrome and the most common neuropathy of the ulnar nerve. Objective. To evaluate the results of surgical treatment of patients with cubital tunnel syndrome by performing an open decompression in situ. Methods. All subjects underwent a standard operation – open surgical opening of the elbow canal (decompression in situ). On the day of surgery, after 3 months, after 6 months, pain (verbal pain scale), hand and arm function (QuickDASH), complications are evaluated. Results. There were 44 patients, 16 (36%) female, 28 (64%) male. In 50% of the patients, electroneuromyography revealed a severe degree of ulnar nerve damage, in the rest – a moderate degree of damage. Hand function for women 3 months after surgery improved by 42.046 points (according to QuickDASH), while in men it was 15.454 points (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, hand function for woman 3 months after surgery improved by 45.833 points, while in men it was 20.000 points (p < 0.05). Statistically significant differences between the groups with a moderate and severe degree of damage were found only when assessing pain according to the VAS scale at 3 months after surgery (mean VAS scores 1.2 and 2.8 respectively). A positive correlation was also observed between age and improvement in hand function between 3–6 months after surgery (p < 0.05). In older people, improvement in hand function is observed after a longer period of time after surgery, and a more pronounced improvement in hand function with a severe degree of damage (comparing function before surgery and 6 months after surgery) is experienced by younger people. Conclusions. In situ decompression of the ulnar nerve is one of the most effective methods of treating ulnar neuropathy. With this method an improvement in the function of the hand and a decrease in pain are observed.
A Rare Case of Parotid Tuberculosis in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Pawar Aditya , Sahoo Niranjan , Sharma Pawan , Rathi Nidhi
Published: November 2023

Even in countries like India where the general dictum is to consider Tuberculosis as one of the differential diagnosis to any condition that is still under evaluation. Parotid Tuberculosis is a very rare entity. There are fewer than 200 cases reported in literature worldwide of Parotid gland Tuberculosis, a form of extrapulmonary Tuberculosis. We present an interesting case of Parotid Tuberculosis which presented as unilateral swelling in the parotid region of a four-year-old male child with an underlying abscess.
Second Suburethral Sling Implantation for the Recurrent Urinary Incontinence after Radical Prostatectomy when First Sling Surgery was Non-Effective: Case Report
Authors: Černiauskienė Aušra , Rimaitė Ieva
Published: November 2023

Stress urinary incontinence is a complication after radical prostatectomy. The suburethral sling implantation operation is often performed for mild to moderate male urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy. There are non-adjustable suburethral slings that are effective up to 73.7% and adjustable slings that are effective up to 92%. We present a case report of a 62-year-old man who underwent radical prostatectomy due to prostate cancer in 2018 and experienced moderate degree urinary incontinence. After non-effective conservative treatment in 2020-02-27, the suburethral transobturator sling implantation was performed in another hospital, but it did not yield effective results. After further examinations in 2023-03-25, an adjustable ATOMS system suburethral male sling implantation was performed and it was effective. 2023-05-03 ATOMS system was adjusted and after this there was no urinary incontinence. ATOMS system is an effective surgical method for the treatment of male recurrent urinary incontinence or for cases where the initial sling implantation has failed.
Kazachstano lietuvių kilmės diasporos saitai su lietuvio etnine tapatybe ir lietuvių kalba
Authors: Vilkienė Loreta
Published: November 2023

This article focuses on the diasporas of Lithuanian Origin in Kazakhstan and their links with Lithuanian ethnic identity and the Lithuanian language. This research aims to answer the question of what strategies were chosen by three generations of the target diaspora to maintain Lithuanian identity and the Lithuanian language. Also, the paper is exploring the reasons that encouraged specific decisions and behavior of the target diaspora. The research material was 38 qualitative semi-structured interviews collected in November 2021 during the expedition in Kazakhstan. The interviews were qualitatively analysed using the adapted Bamberg’s (2011) Narrative Practice and Identity Navigation model. The analysis of the case of the diaspora of Lithuanian origin in Kazakhstan revealed that three generations of the diaspora have preserved their Lithuanian ethnic identity and expressed favorable attitudes towards Lithuanianness, Lithuania, and Lithuanians. However, the Lithuanian language, which is not necessarily considered part of the ethnic identity of the target group, was not maintained. It can be said that the second generation does not know the Lithuanian language. However, the third generation shows a more active relationship with the Lithuanian language and wants to learn it. There are various reasons why the Lithuanian language is not being passed down to the next generations, namely: 1) the consequences of social trauma, such as the abandonment of the first generation’s language as a survival strategy; state policies promoting Russification; 2) the formation of mixed families of deportees, 3) conflicts between the first generation and their relatives in Lithuania, the broken contacts reduced the possibilities of communication in Lithuanian; lack of available Lithuanian-speaking individuals to communicate with, as there are no larger Lithuanian communities; 4) the pursuit of economic prosperity and integration, particularly for those who voluntarily migrated to Kazakhstan, etc.
Magnetogenesis in Non-Local Models during Inflation
Authors: Gorbar E.V. , Gorkavenko T.V. , Gorkavenko V.M. , Teslyk O.M.
Published: November 2023

The generation of magnetic fields during the inflation in an electromagnetic model with a non-local form factor in Maxwell’s action is studied. The equations of motion for the electromagnetic field are derived and solved. It is found that the conformal symmetry breaking due to the non-local form factor does not lead to the generation of magnetic fields during the inflation in the absence of an interaction with the inflaton field. If such a coupling takes place, then the presence of the form factor inhibits the generation of primordial magnetic fields compared to the case where the non-local form factor is absent.
The Role of Air in Laser-Induced Thermal Emission of Surface Layers of Porous Carbon Materials
Authors: Zelensky S.E. , Kolesnik O.S. , Yashchuk V.P.
Published: November 2023

The influence of the surrounding air on the amplitude and shape of thermal radiation pulses (at a wavelength of 430 nm) during the heating of the surface layer of a porous carbon material (to temperatures of the order of 2000–3000 K) by the radiation of a Q-switched neodymium laser is studied. When the pressure of the surrounding air is reduced to forevacuum conditions, the experiments showed a one-and-a-half-fold increase in the amplitude of pulsed signals of thermal radiation and an increase in the decay time of the glow by about a third. Numerical calculations of the dynamics of the temperature field in the surface layer of the material during the irradiation by nanosecond laser pulses are carried out. An improved model is used in the calculations, which accounts for (i) the porosity of the material and (ii) the temperature dependence of the coefficients of thermal conductivity and the heat capacities of carbon and air. To calculate the thermal conductivity of the porous material, a model of a cubic array of intersecting square rods is used. The satisfactory consistency of calculation results with experimental data is obtained. The above-mentioned improvements of the calculation model made it possible to reconcile the estimates of the thermal characteristics of surface layers of carbon, obtained from the emission decay data, with the reference data published in the literature.
Випаровування крапель бінарних сумішей нижчих одноатомних спиртів у нагрітому повітрі
Authors: Kopiyka O.K. , Kalinchak V.V. , Chernenko A.S.
Published: November 2023

Представленi результати дослiдження процесу випаровування одиночних крапель нижчих спиртiв – етанолу, бутанолу та їх бiнарних сумiшей з початковим розмiром крапель 1,5–2,5 мм у нагрiтому повiтрi при атмосферному тиску. Показано, що друга точка перегину на часовiй залежностi температури i квадрата дiаметра дозволяє роздiлити час випаровування на двi стадiї: 1) одночасне випаровування обох спиртiв з переважним вмiстом бiльш летючого спирту та 2) стадiї випаровування важколетючого спирту. Термопара, що в умовах експерименту нагрiвалася в печi, приводила до зменшення часу випаровування краплi i збiльшення стацiонарної температури випаровування краплi. При температурах повiтря, вищих за температуру кипiння рiдинного палива рiзниця мiж температурами газового середовища i поверхнi краплi, що випаровується, лiнiйно залежить вiд температури газового середовища. Запропоновано формулу для розрахунку в нагрiтому повiтрi температури випаровування краплi бiнарного розчину, що дозволяє оцiнити температуру, при якiй починається квазистацiонарне випаровування краплi з малою швидкiстю збiльшення температури. При розрахунках використовувалася температурна залежнiсть питомої теплоти пароутворення та вiдмiннiсть числа Льюїса вiд одиницi. Наголошується на необхiдностi врахування течiї Стефана в фiзико-математичному моделюваннi.
Approximating Electrostatic Potential of Molecules with Point Charges Mimicking the Electron Pairs
Authors: Nikolaienko T.Yu. , Bulavin L.A.
Published: November 2023

The electrostatic component used in the traditional force fields significantly impacts their accuracy in modelling the noncovalent interactions peculiar to biomolecular systems, including hydrogen bonding. In this contribution, we present a physical model for approximating the electrostatic potential of a molecule (MEP) based on the first-principle decomposition of its charge density distribution into the localized components. In contrast to conventional schemes, which typically use atom-centered charges to approximate MEP, the proposed approach locates such charges in the positions selected so as to mimic the anisotropy of the electron density distributions related to the electron pairs of atoms or covalent bonds. This peculiarity leads to a more accurate representation of the overall electrostatic potential, as verified by applying the proposed model to approximate the electrostatic component of the intermolecular interaction energy in 145 noncovalently bound molecular complexes from GMTKN55 database. This benchmark showed the root-mean-square difference between the true and approximated values of the electrostatic component of 2.7 kcal/mol, which is 2.2 times lower as compared to the traditional RESP charges method used as a baseline.
Pre-reading activities may reduce processing demands in working memory
Authors: Koerich Rondon Tatiana , Braga Tomitch Lêda Maria
Published: November 2023

Reading research has found that pre-reading activities positively affect comprehension, which might also act as a tool to reduce the processing demands in working memory (ROSCIOLI; TOMITCH, 2022). The present study investigated whether there was a correlation between pre-intermediate and advanced Brazilian EFL students’ working memory capacity as measured by the Reading Span Test and their results obtained in comprehension tests after receiving treatment with two pre-reading activities: Contextual Redefinition and Graphic Organizer (MOORE; READENCE; RICKELMAN, 1999). The former focused on building vocabulary, whereas the latter targeted the organizational pattern of the text. There were two dependent measures: written free recall and comprehension questions. We hypothesized that the treatments would change the correlations between readers’ working memory capacity and task performance. Specifically, we expected the correlations between reading span and comprehension to be smaller in the treatment conditions compared to the control. The findings reveal that the activities can affect reading comprehension differently depending on students’ proficiency. The correlations between reading span and comprehension questions scores were smaller when advanced participants received treatment with the Contextual Redefinition. Conversely, there was an increase in the correlations between reading span and written free recall scores when the pre-intermediate group received treatment with the same pre-reading activity. Also, there was a decrease in the correlations between reading span and written free recall scores when pre-intermediate participants received treatment with the Graphic Organizer. Altogether, the Contextual Redefinition reduced processing demands for the advanced participants, whereas the Graphic Organizer did the same for the pre-intermediate group.
Formação de professores de PLAc
Authors: De Almeida Oliveira Desirée
Published: November 2023

A área de Português como Língua de Acolhimento (PLAc) – uma vertente da Linguística Aplicada e de Português como Língua Adicional (PLA) – se dedica ao ensino da língua portuguesa a migrantes de crise que desejam se integrar mais plenamente à sociedade brasileira. A área é relativamente nova e uma de suas principais necessidades está relacionada à formação de professor. Considerando iniciativas de ensino implementadas em contextos variados de PLAc, assim como experiências compartilhadas em aula por alunos do Projeto Pró-Imigrantes, este estudo sugere que a formação do professor de PLAc deve ajudá-lo a refletir sobre os seguintes aspectos: a) a (re)territorialização; b) a educação do entorno; e c) a interculturalidade. A mobilização desses três conceitos se baseia no trabalho de autores como Bizon (2013), Campano (2007), Cavalcanti (2013), Haesbaert (2004), Maher (2007), Mendes (2019) e Santos (2004). A compreensão do docente acerca desses conceitos e sua habilidade para incorporá-los em aula contribuirá para a aprendizagem linguística do aluno e a sua integração à sociedade brasileira.
Is the Internet the right source for conquering knowledge on diseases?
Authors: Papierkowska Roksana , Cieciora Katarzyna , Zborowska Iwona
Published: November 2023

Aim. The main aim of the project is to find out the opinions of the young people aged 18–30 on finding their disease symptoms on the Internet and about their emotions in order to establish the credibility of the sources they use and to understand the retrieved data.

Methods. The study involved 100 people aged 18–30 who voluntarily completed a proprietary electronic questionnaire examining the attitude of young people to searching for disease symptoms on the Internet. In this work, the method of diagnostic survey was used.

 

Results and Conclusion. Many of respondents found a diagnosis on the Internet based on their symptoms at least once in their life. Most of this information was searched for on the first pages appearing in a web browser after entering a given ailment into a search engine.

Most respondents, indicate anxiety about their health as the main reason for which they searched for disease symptoms on the Internet. A lot of respondents did not consult these with a doctor. A large group of respondents claims that the information retrieved resulted in them experiencing fear and/or panic. The COVID-19 pandemic influenced the frequency of searching for health ailments on the Internet. The obtained results show the attitude of young people to searching the meaning of disease symptoms on the Internet.

Cognitive value. The cognitive value of this article is the selection of a specific research group, which has enjoyed the possibility of easy and universal access to the Internet from an early age and for whom the Internet has become the main source of obtaining information in almost all areas of science and life.
Communication in online games on the example of own research
Authors: Majkowski Jakub
Published: November 2023

Aim. The aim of the research was to identify the ways in which users of online games communicate. The author of the article attempted to answer the question of whether these interactions differ depending on the age and gender of the players.

Methods. The research was carried out in quantitative orientation on a group of 154 subjects: players who use the Facebook social platform. The research technique was an online survey.

Results and conclusion. The study showed that Internet users most often use text chat. Communication among women is also popular with the help of the pre-set character animations and sound signals in the game. Men communicated in some ways similar to women: via text chat, character animations and in-game beeps, although they also indicated frequent communication via voice chat. It also turned out to be a myth that women do not like games. The study found that younger gamers spend more time gaming than the older gamers and prefer communication channels such as text chat, character animations and in-game signals.

Cognitive value. I consider the topic discussed in the article current, important and necessary due to the fact that the virtual and real worlds overlap more and more. People make friends not only in direct contact but also via the Internet, e.g., in online gaming communities. The time of the pandemic and the associated home isolation confirmed the above conclusion
Extending statistical data of EEG biofeedback quality improvement with soft computing
Authors: Czuba Łukasz , Łukowska Monika
Published: November 2023

Aim. Automatic processing of the data in order to determine the status of work and identification of the activity and brain-wave frequencies becomes necessary for the modern systems in the in the diagnosis of biofeedback among athletes.

Concept. The study aimed to explore the effects of physical exertion on alterations in the manifestation of brain wave frequencies (pre/post exercises) in a group of 15 endurance athletes.

Results and conclusion. Statistic methods allowed an identification of data anomalies, such as extreme, outliers and missing values. Combining information with soft computing tool can distinguish the level of electrical activity of the analysed muscles. Used Big Data and Data Mining tools solution with a statistical approach while maintaining high measurement accuracy indicates the effectiveness of this method in medical diagnosis.
Looking at the impact of digital revolution in school education: considerations and insights
Authors: Di Sia Paolo
Published: November 2023

Aim. The necessary renewal of teaching methods and school practices must take into consideration the technologies of the new generations of students, for whom the supremacy of the book and of the alphabetic writing is no longer given for certain. The presence of digital natives paves the way for educators to increase the digital awareness of young people, primarily through the definition of the terms of a new digital literacy. The reflection on the experiences of applying Web 2.0 tools to the educational context highlights the growing importance of participatory culture and informal learning.

Methods. An important role is played by an updated use of constructivist and connectivist pedagogical perspectives. Training courses are considered for the person of the e-learning tutor. Among the specific objectives we have the diffusion of Computer Mediated Communication (CMC), the deepening of Web 2.0 environments, the introduction of cooperative work and constructivist management methods of online interaction, the use of moderation techniques in e-learning environment. These objectives refer to the context of teaching, staff training and school organisation.

Results. The collected results are processed using computerised statistical and text analysis systems, which highlight the most central themes and the most evident correlations between the emerging evidence. People who follow training courses of this type show greater awareness of the use and usefulness of technologies. They acquire awareness of the challenges posed by the growth of the young generation of digital natives, in terms of activating a new digital literacy.

Conclusions. The research also highlights the difficulties and disappointments encountered in dealing with users and with the school authority. Attending training courses of this type significantly underlines the existence of two distinct fundamental methods of approaching the introduction of new media: one of technologising type, in which technologies are seen indicatively as an end, and one of culturalising type, in which technologies are seen as a means.
Psychosocial Peacebuilding Approach of International Association for Human Values (IAHV) - now, the first step is available online
Authors: Lintowska Agnieszka , Seń Mariola , Klisowska Iwona
Published: November 2023

Aim. The aim of the study is to provide an overview of online workshops of the International Association for Human Values (IAHV), Healing Resilience Empowerment (HRE), which can be the first stage of intervention in dealing with trauma in refugees, in the context of the uniquely integrated psychosocial approach implemented by IAHV in war zones, refugee camps, and refugee centres.

Methods. IAHV materials and resources available on the Internet, which constitute a repository of the actions of the European Union outside Europe have been searched concerning the resilience and peace-building initiatives of IAHV in Jordan and Lebanon. The method of critical literature analysis has been incorporated and a review of the scientific literature available in the English language has been used to present selected issues. For this purpose, scientific literature databases accessible on the Internet have been searched, i.e. Google Scholar, Web Of Science, Ebsco, and Elsevier.

Results. The analysis shows that, nowadays, the use of online technologies in HRE workshops is recommended to the people affected by a crisis, i.e., a war, even in Afghanistan, Ukraine, or South Africa. HRE is the first/low threshold step of the psychosocial approach of IAHV towards trauma relief. It constitutes a low-cost program that transcends strictly cognitive effects into all the layers, from the physical to the deeply existential.

Conclusion. The study considers the pioneering online interventions by IAHV in the first stage of their unique, integrated, psychosocial, peacebuilding approach for refugees and victims of wars and conflicts. Thus, the HRE intervention can reach a large number of victimised individuals.