bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Who Fills the Global Governance Gap? Rethinking the Roles of Business and Government in Global Governance
Authors: Eberlein Burkard
Published: June 2019

Political CSR has made great strides towards a better appreciation of the political involvement of corporations in global governance. However, its portrayal of the shifting balance between business and government in the globalized economy rests on a central, yet largely uncontested, assumption: that of a zero-sum constellation of substitution in which firms take on public responsibilities to fill governance gaps left by governments. This conceptual paper expands the political CSR perspective and makes three contributions to the debate on the political role of business and the role of government in global governance. First, it deconstructs the problematic assumptions underlying the zero-sum notion of governance gaps filled by corporations. Second, it offers a variable-sum mapping of how private and public authority interact in global governance where substitution is only one of four constellations. The mapping identifies ‘soft steering’ as a prominent mode of governments governing business conduct. Third, the paper theorizes ‘orchestration’, a ‘soft steering’ tool discussed in the global governance literature, from an organizational, corporate perspective. It identifies the mechanisms through which orchestration may address the barriers to corporate engagement with the public good and applies these mechanisms to the case of the Global Reporting Initiative.
Magnetic resonance imaging for assessing treatment response in bone marrow metastases
Authors: Switlyk Marta D
Published: June 2019

Cancer metastasis to bone is a frequent observation in malignancy that may result in complications such as pathological fractures and spinal cord compression. Monitoring treatment effects is the main concern in oncology; however, the evaluation of treatment response in bone is particularly challenging as it lacks well-established criteria. In addition, bone metastases have traditionally been considered non-measurable manifestations of cancer. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most specific and sensitive methods for imaging skeletal metastases. The aim of this article is to highlight the diagnostic performance of MRI in the treatment monitoring of bone metastases, to review the current literature, and to provide an overview of recommendations for the evaluation of treatment response in bone.
Bridging to lung transplantation with double-lumen venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Yanagida Roh , Seethamraju Harish , Davenport Daniel L , Tribble Thomas A , Zwischenberger Joseph B , Hoopes Charles W
Published: June 2019

Background:

Double-lumen venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation may be used as a bridge to lung transplantation. Predictors of outcome with this strategy have not been well described.

Methods:

All patients with irreversible lung disease who developed acute pulmonary failure and required double-lumen venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to decision or lung transplant at our institution were included in this study. Survival of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients was compared with listed patients who did not require extracorporeal membrane oxygenation with lung allocation score in the highest 10% for the same period.

Results:

Fifteen patients (46 ± 17 years old) received double-lumen venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cannula. Mean length of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support was 18.2 (1–60) days. Of these, seven patients were bridged to lung transplant, six died on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and two weaned to recovery. Amount of red blood cell transfusion was significantly higher (3.3 vs 18.5 U, p = 0.003) and lowest oxygen saturation was significantly lower in non-survivors (84.5% vs 66.3%, p = 0.002). Of the seven patients who were already listed for lung transplant at the onset of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, five were transplanted. Overall survival to hospital discharge was 60%. Survival of patients with lung allocation score in the highest 10% (average lung allocation score 83.4) in the same period was 80%.

Conclusion:

Double-lumen venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cannula is a feasible option to bridge patients to decision or lung transplantation. Blood transfusion requirement and low oxygen saturation are markers of poor prognosis. Listing status at the time of cannulation and ambulation during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support may be important indicators of good outcome.
Nephrocheck after cardiac surgery: Does it play a role in daily practice? A sequel of “Nephrocheck results should be corrected for dilution”
Authors: L’Acqua Camilla , Sisillo Erminio , Salvi Luca , Introcaso Giovanni , Biondi Maria Luisa
Published: June 2019

Acute kidney injury is a well-recognized complication after cardiac surgery and significantly affects morbidity and mortality. Although the mechanisms of acute kidney injury are not fully understood, Nephrocheck (Astute Medical, San Diego, CA, USA) is a meter for early detection of acute kidney injury based on bedside urinalysis of two cell-cycle arrest biomarkers. However, considerable overlap in the AKIRiskTM score of different RIFLE groups makes interpretation of the score uncertain. A possible reason for the overlap in the AKIRisk score between different RIFLE groups could be that the score is not corrected for dilution. We performed a pilot study to explore the applicability of the test in our daily practice. A total of 68 patients electively scheduled for cardiac surgery with at least two of the following inclusion criteria: age > 70 years, glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min, left ventricular ejection fraction <41%, redo procedure and combined procedures have been enrolled in the study, and 25 of them developed acute kidney injury. We described the correlation between urine creatinine and Nephrocheck, all the samples with low Nephrocheck (<0.2) also have low urine creatinine, less than 50 mg/dL, detecting a potential diluted sample. In conclusion, in our daily practice AKIRisk score, together with an assessment of whether urine is diluted or concentrated can better discriminate between various degrees of acute kidney injury.
Debt/credit, money and social relationships in the underground credit markets of Soweto, South Africa
Authors: Krige Detlev
Published: June 2019

This article engages with contemporary debates about debt and money from the vantage point of an ethnographic study of unregulated, small-scale moneylending business who continues to operate in the township of Soweto’s poorer neighbourhoods. Following Peebles’ argument that reading poor people’s unwillingness to bank with formal institutions as a sign of ignorance is unwarranted, this article describes persistent dynamics of underground credit markets and personalized credit relationships, demonstrating how the practice of ukumashonisa (extending cash money as credit) by neighbourhood lenders are embedded in social fields shared by lenders and borrowers. This article further demonstrates how the vilification of the figure of the township moneylender ( mashonisa) by a broad coalition of civil society groups, trade unions, the state and commercial financial institutions, assisted in the financialization of poor people’s monies. This public consensus about the depravity of the neighbourhood moneylender is not shared by all Sowetans, especially poor and unemployed Sowetans who have been pushed into a greater dependency on both money and intense personalized social relationships as they try to survive. Seeking out personalized credit relationships, and turning debt transactions, contracts and relationships with local moneylenders into exchanges that take on the appearance of gifts rather than commodity exchanges, continues to remain a strategy for people who are no longer able to count on stable wage work as their primary source of income.
‘I think Irish schools need to keep doing what they’re doing’: Irish teachers’ views on school autonomy after working in English academies
Authors: Skerritt Craig
Published: June 2019

Despite a lack of conclusive evidence connecting autonomous schools and academic success, school autonomy is regularly championed as being a way of not only improving schools but as a way of improving the quality of education in socially and economically deprived areas. This research builds on a recent paper published in Irish Educational Studies that argues that school autonomy should not be advanced in Ireland by exploring how teachers feel about features of autonomous schools. Irish teachers who have previously worked in academy schools in England, and who now teach in disadvantaged schools in Ireland, were interviewed about their experiences and how they would feel about features of autonomous schools being implemented in Ireland. The experiences the participants had in England indicate how school autonomy can be experienced in different ways – morally proper ways that engage with the broad purposes of schooling such as focusing on students and their learning, and morally improper ways that prioritise looking good on external measures at the expense of students and their learning. Overall, the participants were opposed to schools in Ireland becoming more like English academies but felt that having greater local flexibility over the curriculum in schools and offering a wider range of subjects would be beneficial, provided that it was embraced and enacted in a morally proper manner.
First encounter with robot Alpha: How individual differences interact with vocal and kinetic cues in users’ social responses
Authors: Xu Kun
Published: June 2019

The Computers are Social Actors (CASA) paradigm was proposed more than two decades ago to understand humans’ interaction with computer technologies. Today, as emerging technologies like social robots become more personal and persuasive, questions of how users respond to them socially, what individual factors leverage the relationship, and what constitutes the social influence of these technologies need to be addressed. A lab experiment was conducted to examine the interactions between individual differences and social robots’ vocal and kinetic cues. Results suggested that users developed more trust in a social robot with a human voice than with a synthetic voice. Users also developed more intimacy and interest in the social robot when it was paired with humanlike gestures. Moreover, individual differences including users’ gender, attitudes toward robots, and robot exposure affected their psychological responses. The theoretical, practical, and ethical value of the findings was further discussed in the study.
Factors influencing adherence to vacuum-formed retainer wear: A qualitative study
Authors: Al-Moghrabi Dalya , Colonio Salazar Fiorella Beatriz , Johal Ama , Fleming Padhraig S
Published: June 2019

Objective:

To explore factors influencing adherence to vacuum-formed retainer wear over a minimum period of four years.

Design:

A qualitative study based on a randomised controlled trial assessing the effectiveness of orthodontic retainers.

Setting:

Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London.

Participants:

Fifteen participants wearing vacuum-formed retainers for at least four years.

Methods:

One-to-one semi-structured interviews were undertaken on a criterion-based purposive sample of participants wearing vacuum-formed retainers. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using Framework Methodology.

Results:

High self-reported levels of adherence in the early stages of retention were linked to a desire to maintain orthodontic outcomes and the negative perception of potential post-treatment changes. However, adherence typically reduced over time due to a combination of factors including the negative impact of retainers on quality of life and pragmatic issues related to retainer wear. Network support was found to be important in the short and long term, with instances of self-directed wear and negative beliefs concerning the importance of retainer wear and predisposition to post-treatment changes. Lack of follow-up appointments and immaturity of participants prompted independent decisions to cease retainer wear.

Conclusions:

Six key influencers of prolonged adherence with vacuum-formed retainer wear were identified. Future strategies to improve adherence should account for these while also being responsive to time elapsed since debond and patient age.
Making place with mobile media: Young people’s blurred place-making in regional Australia
Authors: Waite Catherine
Published: June 2019

This paper investigates young people living in a regional Australian town and explores the ways that they negotiate place-making using mobile media. Australia has been characterised as a country of vast distances, and young people living in rural and regional areas are at the centre of narratives that position digital technologies as enablers or disruptors. This paper puts such deterministic discourses aside to focus on the ways place is made by young people living outside the city according to their own perspectives and experiences. Focus groups with 62 participants aged 16–28 years pointed to many of those in-the-background place-making practices and signalled the near seamless way that making places was simultaneously done online as well as in material, face-to-face contexts. The forms of place made by the young people of this study comprised a range of elasticised neighbourhoods and public spaces that were materially anchored, though extended digitally through territorially embedded socialities and shared locational information. Regional geographies retained their meaning, though traditional constraints could be renegotiated to reflect youthful relationships with local place.
Re-constructing “China” in a transnational context
Authors: Zhu Zheng
Published: June 2019

This study critically examines two Chinese newspapers’ representation of China as a “nation” and “culture.” Prior studies have deeply and broadly explored various ways through which China, Chinese culture, and nationalism were constructed in popular media forums. What has been missing is a continued exploration of these constructions offered by the Chinese media sources that are published outside the dominant Chinese cultural, national, and political contexts. Using World Journal and Sing Tao Daily, two major Chinese immigrant newspapers, as the texts for analysis, this study produces important findings that demonstrate how China is constructed as a contested, multi-layered, powerful, and divided culture and nation. Based on the study’s result, future inquiries can continue to analyze the representation of China across multiple media and linguistic platforms.
How I treat polycythemia vera
Authors: Spivak Jerry L.
Published: June 2019

Since its discovery, polycythemia vera (PV) has challenged clinicians responsible for its diagnosis and management and scientists investigating its pathogenesis. As a clonal hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) disorder, PV is a neoplasm but its driver mutations result in overproduction of morphologically and functionally normal blood cells. PV arises in an HSC but it can present initially as isolated erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, or any combination of these together with splenomegaly or myelofibrosis, and it can take years for a true panmyelopathy to appear. PV shares the same JAK2 mutation as essential thrombocytosis and primary myelofibrosis, but erythrocytosis only occurs in PV. However, unlike secondary causes of erythrocytosis, in PV, the plasma volume is frequently expanded, masking the erythrocytosis and making diagnosis difficult if this essential fact is ignored. PV is not a monolithic disorder: female patients deregulate fewer genes and clinically behave differently than their male counterparts, while some PV patients are genetically predisposed to an aggressive clinical course. Nevertheless, based on what we have learned over the past century, most PV patients can lead long and productive lives. In this review, using clinical examples, I describe how I diagnose and manage PV in an evidence-based manner without relying on chemotherapy.
Introduction of the harmonised respiratory physiotherapy curriculum
Authors: Troosters Thierry , Tabin Nathalie , Langer Daniel , Burtin Chris , Chatwin Michelle , Clini Enrico M. , Emtner Margareta , Gosselink Rik , Grant Kathleen , Inal-Ince Deniz , Lewko Agnieszka , Main Eleanor , Mitchell Sharon , Niculescu Alexandra , Oberwaldner Beatrice , Pitta Fabio
Published: June 2019

Building on the core syllabus for postgraduate training in respiratory physiotherapy, published in 2014, the European Respiratory Society (ERS) respiratory physiotherapy task force has developed a harmonised and structured postgraduate curriculum for respiratory physiotherapy training. The curriculum outlines the knowledge, skills and attitudes which must be mastered by a respiratory physiotherapist working with adult or paediatric patients, together with guidance for minimal clinical exposures, and forms of learning and assessment.

This article presents the rationale, methodology and content of the ERS respiratory physiotherapy curriculum. The full curriculum can be found in thesupplementary material.
Treatment outcome of patients with chondroblastic osteosarcoma of the limbs and pelvis
Authors: Tsagozis P. , Laitinen M. K. , Stevenson J. D. , Jeys L. M. , Abudu A. , Parry M. C.
Published: June 2019

Aims

The aim of this study was to identify factors that determine outcomes of treatment for patients with chondroblastic osteosarcomas (COS) of the limbs and pelvis.

Patients and Methods

The authors carried out a retrospective review of prospectively collected data from 256 patients diagnosed between 1979 and 2015. Of the 256 patients diagnosed with COS of the pelvis and the limbs, 147 patients (57%) were male and 109 patients (43%) were female. The mean age at presentation was 20 years (0 to 90).

Results

In all, 82% of the patients had a poor response to chemotherapy, which was associated with the presence of a predominantly chondroblastic component (more than 50% of tumour volume). The incidence of local recurrence was 15%. Synchronous or metachronous metastasis was diagnosed in 60% of patients. Overall survival was 51% and 42% after five and ten years, respectively. Limb localization and wide surgical margins were associated with a lower risk of local recurrence after multivariable analysis, while the response to chemotherapy was not. Local recurrence, advanced patient age, pelvic tumours, and large volume negatively influenced survival. Resection of pulmonary metastases was associated with a survival benefit in the limited number of patients in whom this was undertaken.

Conclusion

COS demonstrates a poor response to chemotherapy and a high incidence of metastases. Wide resection is associated with improved local control and overall survival, while excision of pulmonary metastases is associated with improved survival in selected patients. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:739–744.
Value of the ‘clicky hip’ in selective screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: Marson B. A. , Hunter J. B. , Price K. R.
Published: June 2019

Aims

The aim of this study was to review the value of accepting referrals for children with ‘clicky hips’ in a selective screening programme for hip dysplasia.

Patients and Methods

A single-centre prospective database of all referrals to the hip clinic was examined to identify indication for referrals, diagnosis, and treatment. All patients referred received a standardized ultrasound scan and clinical examination by an orthopaedic consultant.

Results

There were 5716 children referred to the orthopaedic hip clinic between 1 June 2014 and 26 September 2018. In all, 1754 children (30.1%) were referred due to ‘clicky hip’ with no additional risk factors or indications for ultrasound scan. A total of 123 children (7.1%) referred with ‘clicky hip’ and no additional risk factors or examination findings had an abnormal initial hip ultrasound, including 16 children (0.9%) with dysplastic hips. Of the 141 children who required treatment in a Pavlik harness during the study period, 23 (16%) had been referred with a ‘clicky hip’ and no additional risk factors or examination findings, including six children with Graf 3 or 4 hips.

Conclusion

There is significant value in reviewing children with an isolated ‘clicky hip’. Many children who require treatment are referred to the orthopaedic service as ‘clicky hip’ with no additional risk factors. In a pragmatic pathway with a diverse population of clinicians performing baby checks, ‘clicky hip’ is an important indication for referral and should not be discarded. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:635–638.
Congenital talipes equinovarus
Authors: Gelfer Y. , Wientroub S. , Hughes K. , Fontalis A. , Eastwood D. M.
Published: June 2019

Aims

The Ponseti method is the benchmark treatment for the correction of clubfoot. The primary rate of correction is very high, but outcome further down the treatment pathway is less predictable. Several methods of assessing severity at presentation have been reported. Classification later in the course of treatment is more challenging. This systematic review considers the outcome of the Ponseti method in terms of relapse and determines how clubfoot is assessed at presentation, correction, and relapse.

Patients and Methods

A prospectively registered systematic review was carried out according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies that reported idiopathic clubfoot treated by the Ponseti method between 1 January 2012 and 31 May 2017 were included. The data extracted included demographics, Ponseti methodology, assessment methods, and rates of relapse and surgery.

Results

A total of 84 studies were included (7335 patients, 10 535 clubfeet). The relapse rate varied between 1.9% and 45%. The rates of relapse and major surgery (1.4% to 53.3%) and minor surgery (0.6% to 48.8%) both increased with follow-up time. There was high variability in the assessment methods used across timepoints; only 57% of the studies defined relapse. Pirani scoring was the method most often used.

Conclusion

Recurrence and further surgical intervention in idiopathic clubfoot increases with the duration of follow-up. The corrected and the relapsed foot are poorly defined, which contributes to variability in outcome. The results suggest that a consensus for a definition of relapse is needed. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:639–645.
A dedicated revision total knee service
Authors: Gabor J. A. , Padilla J. A. , Feng J. E. , Anoushiravani A. A. , Slover J. , Schwarzkopf R.
Published: June 2019

Aims

Revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA) accounts for approximately 5% to 10% of all TKAs. Although the complexity of these procedures is well recognized, few investigators have evaluated the cost and value-added with the implementation of a dedicated revision arthroplasty service. The aim of the present study is to compare and contrast surgeon productivity in several differing models of activity.

Materials and Methods

All patients that underwent primary or revision TKA from January 2016 to June 2018 were included as the primary source of data. All rTKA patients were categorized by the number of components revised (e.g. liner exchange, two or more components). Three models were used to assess the potential surgical productivity of a dedicated rTKA service : 1) work relative value unit (RVU) versus mean surgical time; 2) primary TKA with a single operating theatre (OT) versus rTKA with a single OT; and 3) primary TKA with two OTs versus rTKA with a single OT.

Results

In total, 4570 procedures were performed: 4128 primary TKAs, 51 TKA liner exchanges, and 391 full rTKAs. Surgical time was significantly different between the primary TKA, liner exchange, and rTKA cohorts (100.6, 97.1, and 141.7 minutes, respectively; p < 0.001). Primary TKA yielded a mean of 7.1% more RVU/min per procedure than rTKA. Our one-OT model demonstrated that primary TKA (n = 4) had a 1.9% RVU/day advantage over rTKA (n = 3). If two OTs are used for primary TKA (n = 6), the outcome strongly favours primary TKA by an added 34.6% RVUs/day.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that a dedicated rTKA service would lead to lower surgeon remuneration based on the current RVU paradigm. Revision arthroplasty specialists may need additional or alternative incentives to promote the development of a dedicated revision service. Through such an approach, healthcare organizations could enhance the quality of care provided, but surgeon productivity measures would need to be adjusted to reflect the burden of these cases. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:675–681.
Validation of a prospective cohort study of older adults with hip fractures
Authors: Metcalfe D. , Costa M. L. , Parsons N. R. , Achten J. , Masters J. , Png M. E. , Lamb S. E. , Griffin X. L.
Published: June 2019

Aims

This study sought to determine the proportion of older adults with hip fractures captured by a multicentre prospective cohort, the World Hip Trauma Evaluation (WHiTE), whether there was evidence of selection bias during WHiTE recruitment, and the extent to which the WHiTE cohort is representative of the broader population of older adults with hip fractures.

Patients and Methods

The characteristics of patients recruited into the WHiTE cohort study were compared with those treated at WHiTE hospitals during the same timeframe and submitted to the National Hip Fracture Database (NHFD).

Results

Patients recruited to WHiTE were more likely to be admitted from their own home (83.5% vs 80.2%; p < 0.001) and to have a higher median Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMTS) (9 (interquartile range (IQR) 6 to 10) vs 9 (IQR 5 to 10); p < 0.001) than those who were not recruited. In terms of WHiTE cohort generalizability, participating hospitals included a greater proportion of Major Trauma Centres (47.8% vs 7.8%) and large hospitals (997 (IQR 873 to 1290) vs 707 (459 to 903) beds) with high-volume Emergency Departments (median annual attendances of 43 981 (IQR 37 147 to 54 385) vs 35 964 (IQR 26 229 to 50 551)). However, there were few differences in baseline characteristics between patients in the WHiTE cohort and those recorded in the NHFD.

Conclusion

There is evidence of a weak selection bias towards recruiting fitter patients within the WHiTE cohort, which will help to put into context the findings of future studies. We conclude that the patients within the WHiTE cohort are representative of the national population of older adults with hip fractures throughout England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:708–714.
‘Given it is all so remote from us’: family secrets, ancestral shames and the proximities of emotion
Authors: Barnwell Ashley
Published: June 2019

This article examines how families relate emotionally to their ancestors as they deal with the discovery of past family secrets. In response to Eduardo Bericat’s (2012) call for sociologists of emotion to pay closer attention to the ways that ‘emotional experiences happen over time’, I explore how families imagine and register the emotions of the past. To do this, I draw on concepts from the sociology of the family and personal life and cultural studies of affect and emotion. I use these concepts to examine what I term ‘emotional proximities’ within responses from a qualitative survey about intergenerational family secrets. The analysis explores how respondents locate emotions as both the cause and effect of family secrets, but crucially also the force that cuts or ties descendants to their ancestors. This study opens up our capacity to consider what work emotions do within families. I argue that attention to how families navigate the emotions that surround inherited secrets foregrounds the emotional labour that goes into sustaining family identities over time.
Liquid-modern emotions: exploring Zygmunt Bauman’s contribution to the sociology of emotions
Authors: Jacobsen Michael Hviid
Published: June 2019

This article argues, by way of example, that the work of Zygmunt Bauman may provide an important source of inspiration for the so-called ‘sociology of emotions’, even though his extensive work on emotions so far has remained largely unacknowledged within the sociology of emotions as well as within ‘Bauman studies’. In the article, the author first presents Bauman’s main ideas on the emotions of suffering, ambivalence, freedom, compassion/morality, love, fear and retrotopia/nostalgia, before engaging in a critical discussion of the problems and potentials of his work.
Minimal gestures: Displacement, affect and urban experience in A hora da estrela/The Hour of the Star (Amaral, 1985)
Authors: Cunha Mariana
Published: June 2019

Regarded as a landmark in Brazilian film history, Susana Amaral’s A hora da estrela/The Hour of the Star (1985) received critical acclaim when it was released in the 1980s, and continues to receive scholarly attention, especially from feminist, ideological and sociological perspectives. This article examines the film’s use of aesthetic strategies that produce affective and sensorial experiences from a phenomenological position, rather than providing a sociological reading of the protagonist’s condition as a migrant. I argue that Amaral’s focus on the film frame and duration, which favours the close-up, mirror images and still-life images, reveals the protagonist’s minimal gestures, which give rise to affects. From a discussion of the concepts of the time-image, haptic visuality, mimesis, I contend that these embodied and affective spatial experiences construct the protagonist’s sense of self and subjectivity instead of a psychologizing portrayal of her condition as a migrant.
Territorios en disputa: Modernidad, figuración urbana y recepción de la reescritura fílmica de Los de la mesa 10
Authors: Sala Jorge
Published: June 2019

El artículo analiza la traslación al cine de Los de la mesa 10 (Feldman, 1960), basada en la obra teatral de Osvaldo Dragún. El paper aborda esta relación a través de cuatro ejes: la coincidencia de intereses entre el director y el dramaturgo basada en la obtención de una consagración horizontal; el acercamiento del film a los parámetros de la modernidad a través del trabajo sobre la puesta en escena; la representación de la ciudad y la inclusión de espacios reconocibles; y el rol jugado por los críticos al momento de dar a conocer la propuesta y el enfrentamiento que mantuvieron con el campo de poder. El enfoque metodológico elegido busca reconstruir los hechos desde una perspectiva doble: prestando atención tanto a los aspectos internos como a sus condiciones de producción y al contexto en el cual se dio a conocer la propuesta y a las reacciones generada entre los receptores especializados.

The article analyses the translation to cinema of Los de la mesa 10 (Feldman, 1960), based on Osvaldo Dragún’s play. The article addresses this relationship through four axes: the coincidental interests between the director and the autor based on obtaining a horizontal consecration; the filmic approach to the parameters of modernity through staging decisions; the representation of the city and the inclusion of recognizable spaces; and the role played by the critics at the time of making known the proposal and the confrontation that they maintained with the power field. The chosen methodological approach seeks to reconstruct the facts from a double perspective: presenting attention to both the internal aspects and their production conditions and the context in which the proposal was made known and the reactions generated among the specialized receivers.
Compulsive memory: The endurance of 1969 in Brazil
Authors: Moreira Paulo
Published: June 2019

Political events turned 1969 into a year that has been periodically revisited in Brazilian culture. Living under a full-fledged military dictatorship implanted in December 1968 that made it impossible for Brazilians to organize peaceful demonstrations, small armed groups took central stage with the kidnapping of the US ambassador while the president general Costa e Silva suffered a stroke. The stunning success of that operation contrasted with the gruesome murder of the guerrilla leader Carlos Marighella shortly afterwards. This article focuses on memoirs from survivors of those events (Fernando Gabeira and Frei Betto) and on film adaptations of those books by directors Bruno Barreto and Helvécio Ratton. Investigating how history is represented in these cultural products and what they try to suppress or highlight, I wish to reflect on the compulsion memory both as revelation and as mystification of the past.
Immunomodulatory potential of polysaccharides from Coriolus versicolor against intracellular bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Authors: Pramudya Manikya , Wahyuningsih Sri Puji Astuti
Published: June 2019

Background and Aim: For many years, people use natural products from the plant and fungal to improve immune response against microorganism. This study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory properties of polysaccharides (PS) from Coriolus versicolor in mice infected by intracellular bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six female BALB/C mice were divided into six groups: Normal control, negative control, positive control, P1 (PS before infection), P2 (PS after infection), and P3 (PS before and after infection). PS were administrated for 10 days. N. gonorrhoeae was infected twice with 2 weeks gap from the first to second exposure with a dose of 106 cells. 1 week after the end of treatment, level of oxidants, innate immune responses, and adaptive immune responses were measured. Results: This study showed that PS administration could restore the number of leukocytes as normal but could not enhance the number of phagocytes and its activity. PS administration also showed immunosuppression activity by lowering nitric oxide levels in P2 and P3 groups (p<0.05). This result showed that PS prevent over-expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines by decreasing phagocytic activity. Contrast with innate immune response result; PS administration could significantly increase interferon-gamma level in P1, P2, and P3 groups (p<0.05). Level of antibodies was significantly increased in the P3 group (p<0.05). PS administration also showed an increased level of tumor necrosis factor-a, but the difference was not significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: PS enhance adaptive immunity due to the capability of N. gonorrhoeae that able to survive and replicate in phagocytes. Thus, PS from C. versicolor could be potentially be used as a natural immunomodulator against intracellular bacteria.
The Study of Optical Energy Gap, Refractive Index, and Dielectric Constant of Pure and Doped Polyaniline with HCl and H2SO4 Acids
Authors: Baker Amera G.
Published: June 2019

Polyaniline (PANI) salt in its pure and doped forms find extensive applications in making devices such as polymer light emitting diodes, photovoltaic, sensors, batteries, and super capacitors. PANI salt has been synthesized successfully through chemically oxidative polymerization of aniline in the presence of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulfuric acid (H2 SO4 ) using ammonium peroxydisulfate as an oxidizing agent. The absorption spectra of pure PANI salt and its doped state, in HCl and H2 SO4 media, have been studied in the wavelength range from 200 to 1100 nm using ultraviolet and visible near infrared spectrophotometer. Tauc’s formula, Lambert-Beer’s relation, and Fresnel’s formula were employed in the MATLAB program to calculate the optical energy gap, refractive index, and dielectric constant. Results showed that doping with HCl and H2 SO4 acidic mediums caused a reduction in the direct energy gap of the pure PANI from 2.69eV to 2.42 eV and 2.54 eV, respectively. The reduction in optical energy gap is associated with the increase in refractive index. The refractive index (2.92) has a higher value of PANI doped with HCl. Higher refractive index values are for better-structured films.
Bank of sustainability: a business approach to motivate people to engage with sustainability
Authors: Artin Parisa , Artin Sorena
Published: June 2019

Among all nation members of OECD, Australia is the highest greenhouse gas polluter. To solve this issue, Australian government has initiated some policies and incentives for the businesses to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. However, individuals and households play a key role in greenhouse gas emissions as one fifth of Australia’s greenhouse gas emissions are coming from the Australian households. It is required to provide effective extrinsic motivation to the people to embed sustainability into their daily life. “Bank of Sustainability” is a new business concept introduced in this paper to provide such motivation for involving individuals in sustainability. Bank of sustainability provides tangible advantages to its customers for their engagement with sustainable practices leading to a major behavioural change and positive movement to a more sustainable environment and society.
Comparative analyzes of technological tools between industry 4.0 and smart cities approaches: the new society ecosystem
Authors: Gasparotto Storolli Wilson , Kanashiro Makiya Ieda , Giocondo César Francisco Ignacio
Published: June 2019

Today the growth of modern cities is unprecedented in the history of urbanization and the urban environmental problems have also been increased. Unfortunately, there is no much time to modify past failures and improve the status quo, and ensure the protection of the environment. Consequently, it’s important to pay attention to the development of sustainable urban planning and its role in urban management issues is an objective that requires a new approach.On the other hand, Industry 4.0 (I.4.0), as called the 4th Industrial Revolution, carries impacts in the production on companies, the economy and society, with disruptive character, creating new markets and destabilizing the traditional way of doing business. Once I.4.0 is a strategic approach to the integration of advanced control systems with internet technology, enabling communication between people, products and complex systems, it’s expected to follow the same in the Smart Cities development.This article aims to relate technological tools of I.4.0 and the dimensions of “Smart Cities”, based on analytical framework for better understanding the emergence of new society ecosystem focused on the redefinition of the cities’ concept, urbanism and way of life, motivated by this new reconfiguration.
Analysis of economic viability with the use of monte carlo simulation for microgeneration of photovoltaic energy
Authors: Lammoglia José Antonio de Miranda , Brandalise Nilson
Published: June 2019

A series of public policies are being adopted worldwide to seek greater participation of renewable energy sources in the energy matrix. Brazil is a country that has a predominantly renewable energy source, with hydroelectric energy being responsible for the largest portion, but with enormous potential to be exploited for solar energy. The objective of this study was to carry out an analysis of the economic viability of a photovoltaic matrix in the distributed microgeneration model from the residential consumer perspective. Through the Monte Carlo simulation, 10.000 iterations were performed and the NPV was calculated in each of them, then counted to recover the corresponding output probability distribution and verified the NPV probability to be greater than zero. The developed method has proved to be a reliable tool to support decision making and can be applied to several scenarios. The scenario adopted for the design of the photovoltaic system presented a 95.2% probability of returning with an NPV above zero and this makes it economically feasible. The main contribution of this paper is the replicability of the methodology used for other economic analysis studies.
A detailed survey of just-in-time implementation status within Libyan cement industry, and its implication for operations management
Authors: Hokoma Rajab Abduallah , Amaigl Hala Mansour
Published: June 2019

This paper investigates in detail the current status of the implementation levels of JIT key-factors and their sub-elements within the cement industry within Libya, and its implication for management within the said industry. A survey methodology has been applied in this detailed investigation using an intensive questionnaire and one-to-one interviews of the correspondent organizations. Based on the analysis of the survey findings, the results show that the implementation status of the JIT key-factors and their sub-elements are found to be in the modest levels across all the surveyed organisations, thereby indicating to opportunities for eliminating waste and improving the value chain. This paper has also pointed to crucial areas where the senior management body within this industry need to take immediate actions in order to achieve an effective and successful implementation of JIT systems. The paper also makes a contribution by providing an insight into what extent the JIT key-factors and their sub-elements are understood and implemented within the key Libyan manufacturing industry.
The Association among Corporate Governance, Corruption, and Economic Prosperity in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam
Authors: Gros Marius , Henke Tobias
Published: June 2019

The OECD considers compliance with the OECD principles of corporate governance and reduced corruption to be positively associated with economic prosperity. Prior empirical research supports this notion for developed countries. However, findings for developing and emerging countries are more diverse, as some studies document an “East Asia paradox” and link higher levels of corruption with positive outcomes at the firm or country level. Our case study on the Socialist Republic of Vietnam contributes to the literature by identifying determinants of these mixed findings. Relying on triangulation, our results suggest that internationalizing and international firms must adhere to OECD expectations to prosper, while domestic firms prefer operating in corrupt but stable conditions. Due to this mechanism, noncompliance with OECD principles and corruption can deter foreign direct investments and thus negatively influence economic growth. Nevertheless, noncompliance with OECD principles and corruption can still work to benefit domestic firms. Given our results for Vietnam, we argue that the internationalization of the business models of the firms analyzed might explain the prior inconclusive empirical findings.
Suicidal ideation and suicide attempt among Indonesian adolescent students
Authors: Putra I Gusti Ngurah Edi , Karin Putu Ayu Emmy Savitri , Ariastuti Ni Luh Putu
Published: June 2019

Suicide among young people is growing as a public health threat worldwide. With a paucity of studies on this issue in Indonesia, this study aimed to identify factors associated with suicidal behaviors (suicidal ideation and suicide attempt) among Indonesian adolescents. This was a cross-sectional study using secondary data analysis from the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) of Indonesia in 2015. The samples were 8634 school-going adolescents aged 13–18 years old. The data analysis consisted of univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. The chi-square (χ2) test was employed to identify proportion differences of suicidal behaviors by independent variables whereas multiple logistic regression was used to develop models for factors associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempt. This study found that 4.75% and 2.46% reported for having suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in the last 12 months, respectively. The effects of intrapersonal factors (sex, age, loneliness, anxiety, current use of tobacco and alcohol) and interpersonal factors (physically attacked, bullying victimization, having no close friends, parental understanding and having sexual intercourse) varied by suicidal behavior and sex. Therefore, developing comprehensive approaches for prevention of mental health problems, including suicidal behaviors in the school setting is essential by asking for a collaboration of schools, parents, public health centers (PHCs), related stakeholders and non-governmental organizations (NGOs).
Determination and verification of reference interval limits in clinical chemistry. Recommendations for laboratories on behalf of the Working Group Guide Limits of the DGKL with respect to ISO Standard 15189 and the Guideline of the German Medical Association on Quality Assurance in Medical Laboratory Examinations (Rili-BAEK)
Authors: Özcürümez Mustafa K. , Haeckel Rainer , Gurr Eberhard , Streichert Thomas , Sack Ulrich
Published: June 2019

Laboratory measurement values require interpretative assistance e.g. so-called guide limits (GL), as an interpretative aid. Legal and normative requirements for medical laboratories do not provide specific information for their implementation and verification. A German Society for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (DGKL) Working Group GL (WG-GL) has, therefore, developed recommendations to support medical laboratories in the management of GL. A specific objective was to create a framework that mainly takes into account those aspects that can be realistically implemented by routine laboratories and that should improve the management of GL of frequently requested quantitative measurement procedures in clinical chemistry. Thus, the focus of these recommendations is on the distinction between reference interval limits and clinical decision limits as well as the determination and verification of reference interval limits. Indirect approaches are highlighted, as they enable routine laboratories with a broad analytical spectrum but limited resources to evaluate or to establish reference limits.
Pentavalent arc-transitive Cayley graphs on Frobenius groups with soluble vertex stabilizer
Authors: Liu Hailin
Published: June 2019

A Cayley graph Γ is said to be arc-transitive if its full automorphism group AutΓ is transitive on the arc set of Γ. In this paper we give a characterization of pentavalent arc-transitive Cayley graphs on a class of Frobenius groups with soluble vertex stabilizer.
On Diophantine approximation by unlike powers of primes
Authors: Ge Wenxu , Li Weiping , Wang Tianze
Published: June 2019

Suppose that λ1, λ2, λ3, λ4, λ5 are nonzero real numbers, not all of the same sign, λ1/λ2 is irrational, λ2/λ4 and λ3/λ5 are rational. Let η real, and ε > 0. Then there are infinitely many solutions in primes pj to the inequality
$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
|\lambda_1p_1+\lambda_2p_2^2+\lambda_3p_3^3+\lambda_4p_4^4+\lambda_5p_5^5+\eta| \lt (\max{p_j^j})^{-1/32+\varepsilon}
\end{array}$. This improves an earlier result under extra conditions of λj.
The change of endotracheal tube cuff pressure during laparoscopic surgery
Authors: Kwon Youngsuk , Jang Ji Su , Hwang Sung Mi , Lee Jae Jun , Hong Seok Jun , Hong Sung Jun , Kang Byung Yong , Lee Ho Seok
Published: June 2019

Background

We evaluated the endotracheal tube cuff pressure (Pcuff) changes during pneumoperitoneum for laparoscopic cholecystectomy and the correlations between body mass index (BMI), pneumoperitoneum time, and Pcuff changes.

Methods

Total 60 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were allocated to either a study group (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) or a control group (BMI < 25 kg/m2). The endotracheal intubation was performed with a high-volume low-pressure cuffed oral endotracheal tube. A manometer was connected to the pilot balloon using a 3-way stopcock and the cuff was inflated. The change in Pcuff was defined as the difference between the pressure just before intra-abdominal CO2 insufflation and the pressure before CO2 desufflation.

Results

Pcuff increased to 5.3 ± 3.6 cmH2O in the study group and 5.7 ± 5.4 cmH2O in the control group. There was no significant difference between two groups. While BMI was not correlated with change in Pcuff (r = 0.022, p = 0.867), there was a significant correlation between change in Pcuff and the duration of pneumoperitoneum (r = 0.309, p = 0.016).

Conclusion

The change in Pcuff was not affected by BMI and was significantly correlated with pneumoperitoneum time. We recommend regular measurement and adjustment of Pcuff during laparoscopic surgery.