bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strengthening Teachers’ Competencies in Utilising ICT in Physics Experiment Activities and Developing Student Worksheets
Authors: Achmad Ghaida Prinisa , Aini Nur , Anwar Misykah Aulia , Mardian Vivi , Aryani Siska Dewi , Sari Ika Mustika , Suhandi Andi
Published: August 2024

The development of ICT brings new innovations in physics learning. Thus, the application of ICT needs to be trained to be mastered by teachers in physics education. The community service aimed to strengthen teachers' competencies in utilising ICT and training in developing student worksheets for physics experiments. The software includes PhET, Physical Phone Experiment, and Physics Toolbox. The implementation method included preparation, implementation, and evaluation stages. The activities on the first day (online) included introducing technology-based software as laboratory support and designing student worksheets to train students’ skills. The activities on the second day (offline) involved direct training on software usage and student worksheet creation. On the third day (online), there were presentations of the student worksheets created by teachers. There were 110 participants in this community service, consisting of physics and science teachers from various Sumatera, Java, Kalimantan, and Sulawesi schools. The implementation of the community service utilised lectures, Q&A sessions, discussions, and demonstrations. The achievements of the community service included providing teachers with new knowledge and experiences in developing student worksheets. The validity results of the student worksheets created by teachers obtained an average percentage of 95.5%. This indicated that the community service activities positively impacted teachers and were highly effective.
Training on the Use of Mendeley Application to Support the Ability of Teachers in Creating Publication Manuscripts
Authors: Saehana Sahrul , Darsikin Darsikin , Hatibe Amiruddin , Ratnaningtyas Delthawati Isti
Published: August 2024

The Mendeley application is a supporting tool for writers creating manuscripts for publication. Teachers need publications to improve their career path, especially achieving credit scores for promotion to functional positions. This program aims to train teachers in using the Mendeley application to make it easier to create publication manuscripts. Training activities were carried out by presenting ten teachers from PGRI Palu City, Central Sulawesi and two trainers. At the first meeting on July 23 2022, the teachers' ability to use this application was identified, and it was found that almost all teachers needed to be proficient in using it. Training is then carried out using presentation, demonstration, practice and question-and-answer methods. Next, three trainers guided the participants to recognize and apply their obtained information. At the second meeting on July 26 2022, participants completed citations on the manuscript created using the Mendeley application. Assistance is provided by the service team in language that is easily understood by the participants and immediately produces output in the form of a script. This training activity was carried out over two meetings, and the results of the final evaluation showed that the participants who were initially unable to use the Mendeley application (pretest) were then able to use the Mendeley Program well (posttest). It is hoped that the implications of this activity will help participants prepare research results manuscripts to help collect credit.
Karakteristik sebaran pH dalam kolam bekas tambang void M45C pada PT Jorong Barutama Greston
Authors: Maulana Wahyu , Mustofa Adip , Novianti Yuniar Siska
Published: August 2024

Nilai pH menunjukkan kadar asam ataupun basa di dalam suatu larutan. Angka pH normal sesuai standar baku mutu adalah pH 6 – 9. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode (sampling) lapangan pada kolam bekas tambang. Data yang dikumpulkan mencakup pH, DO, dan suhu. Analisis yang dilakukan adalah analisis karakteristik sebaran pH secara vertikal dan horizontal, analisis penentuan tipe kolam dan analisis hubungan pH air dengan limnologi kolam bekas tambang. Berdasarkan analisis pH pada Void M45C, kondisi air bersifat asam dengan nilai pH 3.3 – 3.4 sehingga melebihi nilai baku mutu. Dari permodelan yang telah dibuat menunjukkan nilai pH air 3.3 – 3.4 tersebar merata di seluruh kolam, baik secara vertikal dan horizontal dari kedalaman 5 - 45 meter, nilai pH yang tidak signifikan memiliki perbedaan angka 0.1 tersebar merata dengan pola yang tidak beraturan dan didukung analisis data menggunakan (boxplot) korelasi pH terhadap kedalaman tidak mengalami perbedaan, yang dapat diartikan bahwa sebaran pH pada kolam bekas tambang Void M45C tersebar merata di seluruh kolam dengan nilai pH tidak beraturan kedalaman 5 – 45 meter. Kondisi stratifikasi termal diartikan bahwa tipe kolam bekas tambang Void M45C bertipe (monomictic) dimana tipe ini akan mempermudah suatu reaksi karena air pada kolam bekas tambang akan mengalami pencampuran yang merata.
MENGEMBANGKAN MOTORIK HALUS ANAK DALAM KEGIATAN MENGGUNTING MELALUI KOMBINASI MODEL PROJECT BASED LEARNING DAN METODE DEMONSTRASI DENGAN MEDIA BAHAN BEKAS DI TK
Authors: Niqo Hafizatun , Wahyudi Mohammad Dani
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan motorik halus anak dalam kegiatan menggunting. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) dilaksanakan dalam 4 siklus. Setting penelitian dilaksanakan di TK Anggrek DWP Unlam yang berjumlah 12 orang (6 anak laki-laki dan 6 anak perempuan). Teknik pengumpulan data dengan obervasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, penilaian perkembangan motorik halus. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahawa dengan menggunakan kombinasi model project based learning dan metode demonstrasi dengan media bahan bekas. hasil perkembangan motorik halus mencapai 100% dengan kategori Berkembang Sangat Baik. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu alternatif masukan dalam pemilihan model pembelajaran.
MENGEMBANGKAN KEMAMPUAN MENGENAL BENTUK, WARNA DAN UKURAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DAN MEDIA PAPAN KANCING PINTAR PADA ANAK USIA 4-5 TAHUN
Authors: Monalisa Monalisa , Maimunah Maimunah
Published: August 2024

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah perkembangan kognitif anak dalam mengenal bentuk, warna dan ukuran belum berkembang sesuai harapan. Hal ini disebabkan karena pembelajaran kurang menarik, kurangnya kegiatan mengembangkan kemampuan mengenal bentuk, warna dan ukuran serta bersifat abstrak. Adapun yang dapat dilakukan adalah menggunakan model problem based learning dan media papan kancing pintar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan aktivitas guru, menganalisis aktivitas anak dan hasil perkembangan anak. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjek penelitian ini adalah anak usia 4-5 tahun di kelompok A TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal 1 Banjarmasin dengan jumlah anak 12 orang. Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar observasi aktivitas guru, lembar aktivitas anak, lembar hasil capaian perkembangan, dan rubrik penilaian digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data kualitatif. Aktvitas guru pertemuan I-IV terlaksana dari skor 23 sampai 30 dengan kriteria sangat baik. Aktivitas anak pertemuan I-IV terlaksana dari awalnya 41,7% mencapai 91,7% dengan kriteria sangat aktif. Hasil perkembangan kognitif anak pada pertemuan I-IV meningkat dari 41,7% hingga mencapai 91,7% dengan kriteria berkembang sangat baik. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu alternatif masukan dalam pemilihan model pembelajaran.
KEPUTUSAN MEMBELI KONSUMEN DI WARUNG MAKAN KAKI LIMA DI SURABAYA-INDONESIA
Authors: Indrawati Mei , Sama I Wayan
Published: August 2024

The tight competition between food stalls scattered in the corners of the city, on the roadside in Surabaya, requires marketers to know the factors that influence someone to buy food at street food stalls. Researchers use the factors of service quality, product, and price as determining factors for someone to make a purchase at a street food stall. The population in this study were all food buyers at street food stalls. Determination of a sample of 120 people was carried out purposively with quota sampling. The research was conducted from March 2023 to April 2023. The results of the research on service quality, products, and prices affect purchasing decisions at street food stalls.
Pemodelan Regresi Global (Glm) dan Regresi Spasial (Sar Dan Sdm) Pada Kasus Indeks Pembangunan Manusia Di Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Marliana Ana
Published: August 2024

The Human Development Index (HDI) is a parameter that functions to assess the success of the quality of human life. The factors used in the research are the severity of poverty, population density and net participation rate. The research carried out aims to see what factors influence the HDI in South Kalimantan Province in 2022, the HDI value for South Kalimantan Province is below the Indonesian HDI value and quite a few regencies/cities in South Kalimantan Province have HDI values below the HDI value. Indonesia. The statistical analysis used is a spatial approach, where the SAR and HR spatial regression models will be searched. The Global Regression Model (GLM) obtained in this study is  ,  while the Spatial Autoregressive (SAR) model is   and Spatial Durbin Model is The best model that can be obtained is the Spatial Durbin Model (SDM) with an AIC value of 52,82654 and an  value of 95,86%.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN MODEL REGRESI LINIER BERGANDA, SPATIAL DURBIN ERROR MODEL (SDEM), DAN SPATIAL LAG X (SLX) DALAM PERMODELAN DATA INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA (IPM) DI PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Latipah Nurul
Published: August 2024

This research aims to determine the comparison of multiple linear regression models, spatial durbin error model (SDEM), and spatial lag In this research there are three independent variables, namely poverty severity (2022), population density (2022) and pure participation rate (2019), while the dependent variable is the human development index (2022). This research data is secondary in nature, namely obtained from the website of the South Kalimantan Central Statistics Agency. Based on the results and discussion, it is concluded that the best model from the comparison of multiple linear regression models, spatial durbin error model (SDEM), and spatial lag x (SLX) in modeling human development index (HDI) data in South Kalimantan province is the spatial durbin error model (SDEM). This is because the spatial durbin error model (SDEM) has the smallest AIC value compared to the multiple linear regression model, and spatial lag x (SLX).
QUICK ROBUST CLUSTERING USING LINKS (QROCK) UNTUK PENGELOMPOKAN DESA KABUPATEN BANJAR
Authors: Shofari Muhammad Rizki
Published: August 2024

AbstractAccurate village profile planning needs to be done with mapping based on its characteristics. Village grouping based on the characteristics of village facilities and potential or its characteristics based on the Building Village Index indicator can help determine priorities in village development. In this study, mixed data was used, with numerical data grouping using Hierarchical Agglomerative Nesting (AGNES) algorithm and categorical data with Quick Robust Clustering Using Links (QROCK). The resulting clusters are then combined using the QROCK Ensemble algorithm (algCEBMDC). The data is sourced from the 2021 Village Potential Data Collection (PODES) by the Central Statistics Agency in 277 villages in Banjar Regency, including 18 numerical variables and 29 categorical variables. The results of the study obtained  optimal clusters based on the ratio of within-group standard deviation (SW) to between-group standard deviation (SB)  resulting in a ratio of  4.82.10-9 with a threshold of 0.4 to 0.9 resulting in 6  clusters. The  best cluster results are cluster 4 (4 villages) and cluster  3 (14  villages), then cluster 2 (villages) and cluster 1 (186  villages), and clusters that need development priorities are cluser 5 (2 villages) and cluster 6 (1 village) which are outliers based on processing results. Keywords:   Village Grouping,  Cluster, AGNES Algorithm, Quick Robust Clustering Using Links (QROCK), AlgCEBMDC
Amending high sugar in V. vinifera cv. Shiraz wine must by pre-fermentation water treatments results in subtle sensory differences for naïve wine consumers
Authors: Xynas Billy , Barnes Christopher , Howell Kate
Published: August 2024

Global warming presents challenges to all wine-grape growers and winemakers across the globe. Increasing growing season temperatures means that grapes are harvested with higher sugar concentrations than preferred for high-quality winemaking. The now Australian permitted water-treatment of high-sugar musts can produce wines with lower alcohol levels, however, recent studies show impacts on associated chemical compounds and sensory parameters can affect final wine quality. Commercial applications based on these earlier findings are limited as many focus on one vintage, one or two harvest timings, small wine samples and limited numbers of panellists for sensory analysis. We expand by first investigating the chemical profiles and sensory parameters of wines produced from V. vinifera cv. Shiraz for three harvest times: early 13.5°Baumé (°Bé), middle 14.5 °Bé and late 15.5 °Bé across two vintages (2020/2021). Just-About-Right sensory analysis assesses 159 naïve wine consumer panellists’ feedback. We show late 15.5 °Bé and middle 14.5 °Bé wine has the highest levels for chemical compounds of colour density (a.u.), total tannin (%), total pigment (a.u.), total phenolics (a.u.) and free anthocyanins (mg/L), as confirmed by PCA analysis outcomes. Sensory analysis shows the least preference for vegetal smell (2.50) in 13.5 °Bé wine, with the highest preference for colour intensity (3.06) in early 13.5 °Bé wine and body in late 15.5 °Bé wine. Secondly, 15.5 °Bé and middle 14.5 °Bé pre-fermentation musts are subject to water dilution or ‘bleed and replace’ treatments. These wines have lower final alcohol levels, decreases in most chemical compound levels, but with subtler effects for sensory profiles. For instance, there is a high preference for astringency (3.01), ripe fruit taste (2.96) and hotness (2.95) in late diluted 13.5 °Bé wine. Vegetal smell (2.89) is most preferred in late ‘bleed and replace’ 13.5 °Bé wine. All water treatments have minimal impact on dark fruit smell, ripe fruit smell, odour intensity, odour complexity, red fruit taste and dark fruit taste. Middle diluted 13.5 °Bé wine has the highest overall rating and is the most preferred. This study offers valuable insights revealing that water treatments of pre-fermentation musts can produce wines with preferable lower alcohol levels, and while this winemaking approach may negatively affect several chemical compounds, many favourable sensory properties can still be preserved. This is a crucial consideration for winemakers when addressing wine quality from these winemaking techniques.
Fenomena human trafficking pada perempuan yang dilacurkan di ruang SPA di wilayah Jabodetabek
Authors: Hisyam Ciek Julyati , Sarkadi  , Syaifudin
Published: August 2024

Tujuan penelitian menjelaskan fenomena human trafficking khususnya perempuan di Indonesia yang dilacurkan di ruang SPA hotel wilayah Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang dan Bekasi. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan deskriftif kualitatif, jenis penelitian adalah penelitian fenomenologi. Lokasi penelitian di wilayah Jabodetabek.
Hasil penelitian, human trafficking di Indonesia merupakan salah satu kejahatan yang sampai saat ini belum terselesaikan. Data International Organization for Migration (IOM), mencatat tahun 2005-2017 ada 8.876 korban trafficking di Indonesia. Ada dua cara kerja pelaku dalam mencari korbannya yaitu menawarkan korban kerja dengan gaji yang tinggi dan menawarkan kerja yang tidak perlu ada tes dan ijasah. Bentuk jaringan sosial pada kasus human trafficking pada perempuan yang dilacurkan di Jabodetabek adalah jaringan sosial parsial dan jaringan sosial kepentingan. Menurut Barnes (dalam Clyde, 1971) jaringan sosial parsial adalah jaringan yang dimiliki oleh individu terbatas pada bidang kehidupan tertentu. Sedangkan jaringan sosial kepentingan (interest) merupakan jaringan dimana hubungan sosial terbentuk karena bermuatan kepentingan. Jaringan kepentingan terbentuk oleh hubungan yang bermakna pada tujuan tertentu. Pada jaringan sosial parsial, para informan menjadi korban human trafficking karena mereka melakukan kontak sosial dengan orang yang mengajak mereka bekerja, karena terkait dengan bidang ekonomi dan sosial. Human trafficking terjadi disebabkan beberapa faktor yaitu: Pertama, kemiskinan. Kedua, sulitnya akses lapangan kerja. Ketiga, pendidikan yang rendah. Keempat, masalah keluarga. Kelima, praktek budaya pernikahan dini yang berdampak pada perceraian.
EXPLORING EFL STUDENTSâ€™ CONVENIENCE IN ONLINE LEARNING A STUDY OF ZOOM APPLICATION
Authors: Nabawiyah Nadiya Shulhi , Dian Novita Dewi  , Ive Emaliana
Published: August 2024

The covid-19 outbreak caused a change in the way of teaching and learning in Indonesia. Zoom Meeting has become the most popular online platform for supporting online learning, especially in English Language Teaching. This study aimed at finding out the students' notion about the convenience of Zoom Meeting application in online learning. This study employed a qualitative approach and used interview guidelines as the instrument. The participants of this study were 6 English Foreign Language students from the ten graders of SMA Brawijaya Smart School that were categorized into high, medium, and low achievers. The result showed that using Zoom Meeting is positively helpful to root English online learning. Students are comfortable and become more active in participating in the class. Thus, it is suggested to teachers optimize the features of Zoom Meeting provided to support English learning both online and hybrid.
Inflectional forms in studentsâ€™ writing: A point of view from morphological analysis
Authors: Amuntyastuti Sekar , Sriati Usman  , Bochari Siska
Published: August 2024

The objective of this study was to determine the most difficult and dominant inflectional form in students' writing as well as the variables that affect how difficult it is for students to comprehend the function of inflectional forms. This study examined inflectional markings in regular and irregular forms of content words. The design of this study was quantitative descriptive with a population taken from the 3rd-semester students of the English Education Study Program of Tadulako University who have enrolled Grammar subject. The sample of this study was 154 students of the 3rd-semesterÂ students by using a simple random sampling technique. The instruments to collect the data were a test and a questionnaire. The results of the data analysis show that: (1) the most difficult form of inflectional forms used by the students was suffix -est as superlative degree, (2) the most dominant form of inflectional forms used by the students was the suffix -ing as progressive marker, (3) there were two factors influencing the studentsâ€™ difficulty in using the function of inflectional forms which were internal factors. The test results indicate that students lack sufficient knowledge of tenses, as they are unable to apply the present, past, or past participle tenses.
The Influence of The Problem-Based Learning Model with A Problem-Posing Approach on The Analytical Ability
Authors: Eka Pramono Adi  , Citra Kurniawan  , Dina Ustifa
Published: August 2024

Mathematics always includes numeracy skills and analytical skills related to problem-solving in everyday life. Applying the Problem-Based Learning model with the problem-solving approach aims to improve students' analytical skills to gain new knowledge to solve problems. This research uses a quantitative quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design type. To find out the effect of applying this model, namely through a test instrument in the form of a written test or essay used to measure analytical abilities according to analytical ability indicators. The research results stated that applying Problem-Based Learning with the problem-solving approach significantly influenced students' analytical skills in mathematical numeracy. It is hoped that future researchers will be able to use research on the Problem-Based Learning model with the Problem-solving approach in a longer research period.
Developing Case Study-Based Microlearning through V-Learn to Enhance Language Politeness in Students
Authors: Putra A.A. Putu Eka , Arief Nur Fajar , Rani Abdul , Tabrani Akhmad
Published: August 2024

The research will describe the development of case-based microlearning learning video media as well as the validity and effectiveness of the product to improve the understanding of politeness in students. This research is a developmental research (RnD) using the ADDIE model. The research subjects are one learning planner, one learning media expert, one study material expert, and twenty-five small-group experimental students. The data collection method uses documentation recording, interview methods, observation methods, and questionnaire methods. Research instruments use document recording sheets, questionnaires, and interview sheets. The data analysis used is qualitative descriptive analysis and quantitative description analysis. The results of the study were the development of a case study based microlearning video learning media using the ADDIE development stage, as well as the validity results on the learning planners obtained a score of 86% with good qualification, the learning media experts obtaining a rating of 96% with excellent qualifications, learning material experts obtaining a rate of 95% with excellent qualifying, the skilled professionals obtain the score of 93% with very good qualifications. So, the case study-based microlearning learning video media is worthy of use in learning.
Application of Edible Coating from Beneng Taro Starch, Chitosan and Ginger Essential Oil to Maintain the Quality of Mango
Authors: Meindrawan Bayu , Kusuma Azahra Wibi , Yuniarti Rahma , Nabila Firyal Giani , Rahmayanti Diana , Pamela Vega Yoesepa
Published: August 2024

Mango fruits are a popular Indonesian export commodity. Still, they could not penetrate several international markets because they have a short shelf life and are easily damaged, especially during transportation and distribution. Edible coating can be an alternative to extend the shelf life of mangoes. Edible coatings are formulated from beneng taro starch combined with chitosan and ginger essential oil (0; 0.5; 1 and 2% v /v). The research results showed that the edible coating formulation of beneng taro starch, chitosan, and 2% ginger essential oil was the best formulation which gave the lowest final weight loss value (10.06 %), highest hardness (33.56 N), lowest carbon dioxide production (850,5 ppm/day), lowest pH (4.2), highest total dissolved solids (82°brix) compared to other formulations. The visual appearance of mangoes with the edible coating application did not change significantly compared to mangoes without the edible coating. In conclusion, the application of beneng taro starch, chitosan, and essential oil edible coatings maintained the quality of mangoes during storage.
Development and comparison of loop mediated isothermal amplification assay and polymerase chain reaction based on major capsid protein gene for detection of CyHV-2 infection in goldfish Carassius auratus (L.)
Authors: Arathi Dharmaratnam  , Raj Kumar  , M. A. Pradeep  , Neeraj Sood  , T. Raja Swaminathan
Published: August 2024

Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) is the etiological agent of goldfish herpesviral haematopoietic necrosis (GHVHN) that caused high economic losses in goldfish aquaculture. In this study, a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay as well as a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting major capsid protein (MCP) gene of CyHV-2 were standardised and evaluated for detection of CyHV-2. CyHV-2 was purified from infected fantail goldfish fin (FtGF) cells using ultracentrifugation and used as template for developing the diagnostic assays. The new LAMP and PCR assays are highly specific and did not amplify the nucleic acids of other fish pathogens tested, namely spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV), Cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (CyHV-3), and viral nervous necrosis virus (VNNV), Aeromonas hydrophila, A. veronii, A. caviae, Edwardsiella tarda, Vibrio anguillarum, V. parahaemolyticus, V. harveyi and Proteus hauseri. Among the two assays developed, LAMP was found to be more sensitive, capable of detecting 10 copies of the plasmid construct containing 942 bp fragment of MCP gene of CyHV-2, while PCR could detect only 100 copies. The LAMP assay developed is a simple, rapid and reliable method for detection of CyHV-2 infection which can also be used in field conditions.
Keywords: Cyprinid herpesvirus-2 (CyHV-2), Diagnostic assays, Goldfish, LAMP assay, MCP gene, PCR
Effect of cornstarch on rheological and functional properties of mince-starch gels prepared from the Indian major carp Labeo rohita
Authors: Sandeep Bhaskar Gore  , K. A. Martin Xavier  , Binay Bhushan Nayak  , Ajay Trimbak Tandale  , Amjad Khansaheb Balange
Published: August 2024

The aim of the present study was to find out suitability of mince of Indian major carps (Labeo rohita) and effect of corn starch on mince-starch gels for the development of sausage. Different concentrations (0, 2, 4, 8 and 10%) of commercial corn starch was used to study rheological, functional properties, colour, microstructure and sensory characteristics of mince-starch gels. Corn starch (8%) effectively increased the gel strength, significantly (p<0.05) improved the hardness of gels and affected lightness (L*) and whiteness index of gels. High densities of dispersion of starch were seen in gel. Based on the results of the study inclusion of 8% corn starch is recommended to develop mince-based products from L. rohita.
Keywords: Corn starch, Gel strength, Labeo rohita, Microstructure, Mince, TPA
Innovative pond-based seed production technique of giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) in Odisha, India: A case study
Authors: Panda D. , R. Pillai B. , Sahu S. , Mishra B.
Published: August 2024

An innovative method of seed production of giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) in brackishwater ponds, in place of sophisticated indoor hatcheries is in practice in the Balasore District of Odisha, India. A survey was conducted inthe Balasore District to collect data on various aspects of pond-based seed production of M. rosenbergii (scampi) using a structured interview schedule during September to November 2021. The present paper provides a detailed account of this farmer-led innovative and low-cost technology of pond-based scampi seed production. The study revealed that, younger farmers, with lower educational attainment but extensive experience in scampi and shrimp farming are primarily involved in pond-based seed production as a secondary activity. The seed production season begins in December and continues until July of the following year. The duration of each seed production (crop) cycle ranges from 45-60 days. The ponds used for scampi seed production are connected to a canal that supplies brackishwater with a salinity of 12-20 ppt from the nearby sea. Berried prawns are collected locally and stocked in well-prepared plankton-rich ponds @ 1952 ± 831 nos. ha-1. The hatched scampi larvae in the ponds are fed on a variety of feed items until they reach the post-larvae (PL) stage, which takes approximately 18-25 days. About a week after the appearance of post-larvae, the PLs are harvested and sold. In 2021, the selling price per piece of scampi PL ranged from ₹0.30 to 0.65. Although the survival from zoeaI to PL10 ranges from 0.4 to 8%, with an average of only 1.50%, the cost of seed production using this technique (₹0.21 seed-1) is much lower than that of standard hatchery-based seed production. On an average, each farmer produces 10.5 lakh seeds per hectare per crop, with an investment of ₹2.24 lakh seeds per hectare per crop, contributing a net income of ₹2.7 lakhs over a span of 2 months. This innovative and low-cost pond-based seed production technology offers a viable alternative to wild collection or hatchery production of scampi seeds, helping to meet the growing demand for scampi seed in the country. Despite these advantages, the seed growers are face several challenges. The major constraints include the lack of seed acclimation facilities to freshwater, the unavailability of good quality berried prawns and the absence of an effective seed marketing strategy. Addressing these challenges through policy intervention, is urgently needed for sustainable development in the long run.
Keywords: Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Pond-based seed production, Post-larvae, Prawn farming, Scampi
Transformative Education Curriculum: Developing Nahdlatul Wathan Warriors in Maulana II's Era
Authors: Thohri Muhammad , Harapandi
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this research is to investigate the transformative education curriculum at Pondok Pesantren Syaikh Zainuddin Nahdlatul Wathan (NW) in Anjani and provide insights into its implementation and impact under the leadership of Ummuna Hajjah Siti Raihanun Zainuddin Abdul Madjid and Maulana Syaikh II. This research is essential as it delves into the transformative education curriculum at Pondok Pesantren Syaikh Zainuddin NW in Anjani. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach. The data was gathered through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. It provides a systematic analysis of the curriculum's role. The findings reveal the positive outcomes, such as improved access to education, equal distribution of opportunities, and societal transformation, aligning with the broader vision of Nahdlatul Wathan. This research contributes to the understanding of transformative education and offers methodological insights for studying similar phenomena, emphasizing the crucial role of educational institutions in shaping societies and realizing organizational goals.
Amino acids catalyze RNA formation under ambient alkaline conditions
Authors: Braun Dieter , Rout Saroj , Wunnava Sreekar , Powner Matthew , Šponer Judit , Mast Christof
Published: August 2024

RNA and proteins are the core molecules of life. The sequence of mRNA encodes the protein sequence and proteins orchestrate the replication of nucleic acids. How this synergistic relationship arose remains an unanswered question. Amino acids have not yet provided an evolutionary advantage to nucleic acid synthesis. This relationship has been assumed as a late development during RNA evolution. Here we show that amino acids substantially improve the yield of RNA polymerization from prebiotically plausible ribonucleoside-2',3'-cyclic phosphates. The amino acid catalysis of RNA polymerization was base-selective, increased the compositional oligomer sequence diversity and favoured the formation of natural 3',5' linkages. It was most efficient at pH values close to the pKaH of the amines and correlated with sidechain hydrophobicities, suggesting a general acid-base mechanism akin to ribozyme-catalysed RNA-hydrolysis. This is confirmed by the observed general base-enhanced polymerization of G and U nucleotides. The copolymerization of G/C/A/U with valine resulted in a substantially increased oligomer yield and compositional diversity. The catalytic effect of proteinogenic amino acids on RNA oligomerization suggests the reactivity of amino acids and RNA was united earlier than previously thought, and their association likely predates the genetic code.
Prototypical innate immune mechanism hijacked by leukemia-initiating mutant stem cells for selective advantage and immune evasion in Ptpn11-associated juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: Zheng Hong , Zhao Peng , Tan Zhenya , Yu Wen-Mei , Werner Juwita , Stieglitz Elliot , Porter Chris , Chandrakasan Shanmuganathan , Wechsler Daniel , Mendez-Ferrer Simon , Qu Cheng-Kui
Published: August 2024

Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML), a clonal hematologic malignancy, originates from mutated hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). The mechanism sustaining the persistence of mutant stem cells, leading to leukemia development, remains elusive. In this study, we conducted comprehensive examination of gene expression profiles, transcriptional factor regulons, and cell compositions/interactions throughout various stages of tumor cell development in Ptpn11 mutation-associated JMML. Our analyses revealed that leukemia-initiating Ptpn11E76K/+ mutant stem cells exhibited de novo activation of the myeloid transcriptional program and aberrant developmental trajectories. These mutant stem cells displayed significantly elevated expression of innate immunity-associated anti-microbial peptides and pro-inflammatory proteins, particularly S100a9 and S100a8. Biological experiments confirmed that S100a9/S100a8 conferred a selective advantage to the leukemia-initiating cells through autocrine effects and facilitated immune evasion by recruiting and promoting immune suppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the microenvironment. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of S100a9/S100a8 signaling effectively impeded leukemia development from Ptpn11E76K/+ mutant stem cells. These findings collectively suggest that JMML tumor-initiating cells exploit evolutionarily conserved innate immune and inflammatory mechanisms to establish clonal dominance.
Provably secure multilayers certificateless proxy signature for Industrial Internet of Things
Authors: Ullah Rafiq , Mehmood Amjad , Khan Muhammad Altaf , Ullah Insaf
Published: August 2024

The emergent nature of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoTs) raises significant authentication concerns in Certificateless Proxy Signature (CLPS) to ensure protection from modern forgery attacks. Due to some modern forgery attacks, single layer authentication is unable to provide secure CLPS with optimal computational cost and communication overhead in IIoTs. Therefore, multilayer authentication is required to secure the identities of the participants on open channel using Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP) mechanism. It offers a promising opportunity for addressing authentication vulnerabilities in IIoTs. This article proposed an optimal and secure multilayer authentication technique with minimum computational cost and communication overhead. The proposed mechanism evolved CLPS with zero knowledge proof using Schnorr signature in a transparent way, Whereas, the security hardness od the proposed work is proofed informally with Hyperelliptic Curve (HEC). Moreover, for formal verification, AVISPA tool is used. Performance analysis depicts that the proposed approach exhibits not only lower computational cost and communication overhead but also provides optimal security as compared to existing approaches.
The complete genome assembly of Nicotiana benthamiana reveals genetic and epigenetic landscape of centromeres
Authors: Guo Li , Chen Weikai , Yan Ming , Chen Shaoying , Sun Jie , Wang Jingxuan , Meng Dian , Li Jun , Zhang Lili
Published: August 2024

Nicotiana benthamiana is a model organism widely adopted in plant biology and biotechnology. Its genomic research has lagged since its initial release in 2012. To further improve its usefulness, we generate and phase the complete 2.85 Gb genome assembly of allotetraploid N. benthamiana with all 19 centromeres and 38 telomeres fully resolved. We find that although Solanaceaecentromeres are widely dominated by Ty3/Gypsy retrotransposons, satellite-based centromeres are surprisingly common in N. benthamiana with 11 of 19 centromeres featured by megabase-scale satellite arrays. Interestingly, the satellite-enriched and satellite-free centromeres are extensively invaded by distinct Gypsy retrotransposons where CENH3 protein more preferentially occupies, suggestive of their crucial roles in centromere function. We demonstrate that rDNA is a major origin of centromeric satellites, and mitochondrial DNA could be employed as core component of centromere. Subgenome analysis indicate emergence of satellite arrays likely drives the centromere formation and maturation during genomic shock after polyploidization. Altogether, we propose N. benthamiana centromeres evolves via neocentromere formation, satellite expansion, retrotransposon enrichment, and mtDNA integration.
PRSS55 Regulates Energy Homeostasis and BCAA Metabolism via Interacting with BCKDK in Mouse Testes and Sperm
Authors: Ge Haoyang , Shen Chunling , Xiong Wenfeng , Lu Shunyuan , Li Chaojie , Tang Lingyun , Shen Yan , Zhang Hongxin , Fei Jian , Wang Zhugang
Published: August 2024

Previous studies have shown that PRSS55 is required for male fertility in mice, and potentially in humans, and is involved in energy metabolism in mouse sperm. However, the underline mechanism remains unclear. Here we show that Prss55 deficiency leads to significant changes in protein levels identified by DIA-based mass spectrometry proteomics in enriched PRSS55-expressing testicular cells and caudal epididymal sperm as compared to wt mice. Bioinformatic assessments reveal that the majority of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were significantly enriched in the branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) degradation pathway and the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) process. Accumulation of isoleucine and leucine was identified in Prss55-/- mice by untargeted metabolomics. We also observe significantly downregulated IVD and NDUFB8 protein levels, impaired in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, abnormal NAD+/NADH ratio, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in knockout models. Secondly, co-immunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry (Co-IP/MS) by using V5-PRSS55 knock-in mice and in vitro Co-IP assays suggested that PRSS55 interacts with mitochondrial protein BCKDK, which is involved in BCAA metabolism. Overexpressed PRSS55 was found to be enriched in mitochondria by immunofluorescence and immunoblotting assays. All these data demonstrate that PRSS55 regulates energy homeostasis and BCAAs metabolism in testes and sperm of mice, implicating a potential mechanism of male infertility in mice lacking PRSS55 and in human due to PRSS55 mutation.
Calix-like molecules with outstanding optical properties designed based on the Aza- BODIPY molecule: a DFT study
Authors: Yarahmadi Mahvash , Shamlouei Hamid Reza , Afshari Sadegh
Published: August 2024

Using aza-BODIPY chromophores, structurally and thermodynamically stable calix-like oligomers have been designed and studied. By performing optimization calculations, it was found that firstly, all the structures do not have imaginary frequency; secondly, they have high cohesive energy, which is a proof of the stability of the structures. In order to achieve the materials with enhanced color and improved optical properties, the H and F atoms from the upper edge of the calix structures was removed and the resonance of system was enlarge to decrease the Eg of the systems. By removing the H and F atoms from the upper edge of calix molecules, the maximum of absorption peaks were transferred to the visible area, and the intensity of light-color properties in the structures were greatly increased. Especially since the size of the calixes increases, the optical properties are enhanced; So that the most absorption is related to calixes 6, 7, 8 and 9. The calix[8] -aza-BODIPY(with removed H atom from each unit CH2) oligomer was detected as the most colored molecule with absorption coefficient ε = 300,000, f= 2.0459, λ = 441.03.
Effects and mechanism of APPL1 on proliferation of gastric cancer cells
Authors: Zhai Junshan , Zhu Jianhua , Wang Qi , Yang Mi , Zhang Jing , Wei Huaizhi , Wu Kai
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: APPL1 is highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and it is positively correlated with TNM stage, depth of invasion, and lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer, but the specific mechanism of APPL1 on gastric cancer cell proliferation has not been defined. In our study, we prepared the gastric carcinoma cell line SGC-7901/APPL1 via plasmid transfection technique, then investigated the change of gastric carcinoma cells' proliferation ability, aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanism of APPL1 on gastric cancer cell proliferation.
METHODS The gastric carcinoma cell strain SGC-7901 was transfected by APPL1 gene plasmid as the experimental group; by blank plasmid as the control group. The expression of APPL1 on the experimental group was detected by Western-blot technique. The change of the experimental group cells ' proliferation ability was detected by MTT assay, The change of the experimental group cell cycle was detected by PI staining, The change of the experimental group cell cyclin proteins were detected by Western-blot technique.
RESULTS By the Western- blot technique, the expression level of APPL1 protein in the experimental group cell strain was up-regulated effectively(P<0.01). Meanwhile, the proliferation ability of the experimental group increased significantly was detected by MTT assay(P<0.05), By the PI staining, the percentage of the experimental group cell cycle in G1 phase was decreased(P<0.01), in S phase was increased(P<0.01). By the Western-bolt technique, the expression of Cyclin D1(P<0.05) was up-regulated(P<0.05) and p16, p27 was down-regulated(P<0.05), Cyclin E、p21、p57 were not changed(P>0.05).
CONCLUSION Through the plasmid transfection technique, the gastric carcinoma cell line that could overexpress APPL1 protein were prepared successfully and whose proliferation ability were enhanced.
Advanced Catalytic Syntheses of 1,3-Oxazine Derivatives via Electrophilic Substitution Using Mono- and Bimetallic Phosphate Catalysts: Co₃(PO 4 ) 2 and CoCa 3 (HPO 4 )(PO 4 ) 2 (OH)
Authors: hallaoui Achraf El , FERRAA Nouhaila , MERROUN Yousssef , CHEHAB Soukaina , BOUKHRIS Said , Ziatni Mounia Bennani , SOUIZI Abdelaziz , GHAILANE Rachida
Published: August 2024

This research introduces a novel catalytic approach for the synthesis of 1,3-oxazinone derivatives through a multicomponent reaction that relies on an electrophilic substitution mechanism, employing two cobalt-based phosphate catalysts. This approach, allowed us to synthesize oxazine derivatives, known for their significant biological activities, achieving impressive yields of up to 97% in a remarkably short time of only 7 minutes, all under conditions environmentally friendly according to the principles of green chemistry using the ethanol/water mixture as a green solvent. In our study, we utilized two catalysts derived from cobalt-modified phosphate, which were synthesized in our laboratory using simple methods. The first support consists of a monometallic catalyst, denoted as Co3(PO4)2, whereas the second is a bimetallic phosphate catalyst modified with cobalt and calcium CoCa3(HPO4)(PO4)2(OH). Our developed methods had various advantages including simplicity of the process, rapid reaction time, simple clean-up, ability to recover and reuse the catalyst and overall simplicity. All these advantages render this developed approach effective and viable for synthesizing oxazine derivatives suitable for large-scale applications.
Exploring Behavioral and Psychological Influences on Weight Regain and Weigh Loss After 3 Years Undergone Bariatric Surgery: In-Depth Exploration
Authors: Althumiri Nora A. , BinDhim Nasser F. , Al-Rayes Saja A. , Alumran Arwa
Published: August 2024

Background: Bariatric surgery is often regarded as the gold standard treatment for obesity. However, the long-term success of this intervention depends not only on the procedure itself but also on subsequent behavioral and psychological adaptations.
Objective:This study aimed to in-depth explore the behavioral and psychological factors influencing weight gain or loss among participants three years post-bariatric surgery.
Methods: Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study combined descriptive quantitative and interpretative qualitative methodologies to achieve a comprehensive analysis. Data were collected through questionnaires for quantitative insights and in-depth interviews for qualitative exploration. This methodological integration allowed for a thorough examination of a wide range of variables affecting post-surgical weight management.
Results: The findings revealed a wide variance in the percentage of weight regain among participants, ranging up to 89.0% of the lowest weight achieved post-surgery. Almost half of the participants with obesity perceive themselves as overweight rather than with obesity. The majority of participants did not change their lifestyle after the surgery. Seventy-five percent are not following any nutritional or dieting programs, and only less than 12% engage in any physical activity, with a higher level of sedentary lifestyle.
Conclusion: These results revealed the complex interplay of factors that influence weight management after surgical intervention. The recurrence of obesity among the participants was primarily attributed not to the surgical procedures themselves but to insufficient postoperative behavioral changes, underscoring the necessity for integrated support systems focusing on lifestyle modifications and psychological support to enhance long-term surgical outcomes.
The comparison and validation of photochemical models for atomic oxygen ion retrieval from ground-based observations of 630.0 nm airglow near Irkutsk
Authors: Duann Y. , Chang L.C. , Chiu Y.-C. , Salinas C.C.J.H. , Dmitriev A.V. , Ratovsky K.G. , Medvedeva I.V. , Vasilyev R. , Mikhalev A.V. , Liu J.Y. , Lin C.H. , Fang T.-W.
Published: August 2024

It is known that atomic oxygen ion (O+) is the dominant chemical constituent of the ionospheric F region, playing a crucial role in the longer lifetime of ionospheric plasma in this region. With the aim of developing a method to observe ionospheric variations using passive instrumentation, three photochemical inversion models were derived to retrieve the O+ density ([O+]) profile from the first excited state of oxygen (O(1D)) 630.0 nm airglow emission intensities. The models are intended to be used in conjunction with the ground-based photometer and spectrometer observations, to provide an additional option for ionospheric F-region observations using passive instrumentation. The performance of the photochemical inversion models was evaluated with a series of observing system simulation experiments and validations by using Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIE-GCM) results, with the derived [O+] showing a high correlation for each with the TIE-GCM model truth. Furthermore, the uncertainty testing results reveal the significant influence of the charge exchange of \(\:{O}^{+}+{O}_{2}\to\:{O}_{2}^{+}+O\) in this photochemical process, while the transitions of the atomic nitrogen (N) excited states were considered in the processes responsible for the production of O(1D) as well (Bates, 1982) to establish a result closer to the real-world condition than the ones derived from general formulas by Link et al. (1981) and Sobral et al. (1993). Consequently, the photochemical inversion model derived from the unbalanced equation by Khomich et al. (2008) was modified according to the photochemical theory for the first time in this study. The results indicate that the modified model is capable of revealing an estimation of the retrieved [O+] similar to both FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC and the digisonde DPS-4 observations at Irkutsk station IR352 by using empirical models and 630.0 nm visible airglow observations from Irkutsk, Russia, manifesting promise for further usage to monitor mid-latitude ionospheric F region variability using passive photometric observations.