bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinant Factors for Loss to Follow-Up in Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients: The Importance of Psycho-Social and Economic Aspects
Authors: Soedarsono Soedarsono , Mertaniasih Ni Made , Kusmiati Tutik , Permatasari Ariani , Juliasih Ni Njoman , Anggraeni Amelia Tantri , Hadi Cholichul , Alfian Ilham Nur
Published: July 2021

Background: Drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) is the barrier for global TB elimination efforts with a lower treatment success rate. Loss to follow-up in DR-TB is a serious problem caused mortality and morbidity for patients and leads to wide spreading of DR-TB to their family and the wider community, as well as wasting health resources. Prevention and management loss to follow-up is crucial to reduce mortality, prevent further spread of DR-TB, and inhibit the development and transmission of more extensively drug-resistant strains of bacteria. Study about the factors associated with loss to follow-up is needed to develop appropriate strategies to prevent DR-TB patients become loss to follow-up. This study was conducted to identify the risk factors correlated with loss to follow-up in DR-TB patients, using questionnaires in the point of view from patients.Methods: An observational study with cross-sectional design was conducted. Study subjects were all DR-TB patients who have declared as cured and loss to follow-up from DR-TB treatment. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information by interviewing the subjects as respondents. Obtained data was analyzed potential risk factors for loss to follow-up in DR-TB patients.Results: A total of 280 subjects were included in this study. Sex, working status, income, and body mass index showed significant different between cured and loss to follow-up DR-TB patients with p-value of 0.013, 0.010, 0.007, and 0.006, respectively. Regression analysis revealed the significant association of loss to follow-up with negative attitude towards treatment (p<0.001, OR=1.201; 95% CI=1.104-1.306), limitation of social support (p<0.001, OR=1.163; 95% CI=1.072-1.262), health service (p<0.001, OR=2.193; 95% CI=1.562-3.080)), and limitation of economic status (p=0.034, OR=1.135; 95% CI=1.009-1.276)). Conclusions: Male patients, jobless, non-regular employee, lower income, and underweight BMI were found higher in LTFU patients. Negative attitude towards treatment, limitation of social support, dissatisfaction of health service, and limitation of economic status are risk factors for LTFU in DR-TB patients. Non-compliance to treatment is complex, we suggest that the involvement and support from the combination of health ministry, labor and employment ministry, and social ministry may help to resolve the complex problems of LTFU in DR-TB patients.
A first-principles study of water in wadsleyite and ringwoodite: Implication for the 520 km discontinuity
Authors: Wang Wenzhong , Wu Zhongqing
Published: July 2021

The seismic discontinuity around 520 km is believed to be caused by the phase transition from wadsleyite to ringwoodite, the dominant minerals in the mantle transition zone (MTZ). Both wadsleyite and ringwoodite can contain more than 1.0 wt% water at MTZ’s conditions, but it is not well known how water affects the wadsleyite-ringwoodite transition. Here we investigated water partitioning between wadsleyite and ringwoodite and the water effect on this phase boundary using first-principles calculations. Our results show that the presence of water will shift the phase boundary to higher pressures, and the width of the two-phase coexistence domain in the Mg2SiO4-H2O system is insignificant at mid-MTZ conditions. For the (Mg0.9Fe0.1)2SiO4 system, the incorporation of 1.0 wt% water can narrow the effective width of two-phase coexistence by two-thirds. Together with elastic data, we find that velocity and impedance contrasts are only mildly changed by the water partitioning. We suggest that compared to the anhydrous condition, the presence of 1.0 wt% water will increase velocity gradients across the wadsleyite-ringwoodite transition by threefold, enhancing the detectability of the 520 km discontinuity.
La responsabilidad civil en el contrato de seguro
Authors: Torres Gamero Rolando Javier
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo busca establecer la importancia de la figura de la responsabilidad civil en la actualidad y más aún como riesgo dentro del contrato de seguro encontrándose cubierto el accionar u omisión del asegurado en perjuicio de un tercero ya sea ante el incumplimiento de una obligación voluntaria o ante hechos involuntarios donde se afecta el deber jurídico de no causar un daño a otro. Es así como nuestra Ley del Contrato de Seguro (LCS) promulgada en noviembre de 2012 y en plena vigencia desde mayo de 2013 la regula y establece de manera general los parámetros sobre los cuales las aseguradoras deben brindar la atención que sus asegurados requieren ante la eventualidad de un siniestro bajo ésta cobertura. Cabe señalar que este trabajo también analiza legislación comparada y jurisprudencia que nos permite apreciar metodologías que nos llevan en las conclusiones a sugerir algunos ajustes a la legislación nacional que haga más efectiva la participación del sistema asegurador en esta importante cobertura de la responsabilidad civil.
Los consumidores ante las plataformas de intermediación Online: algunas reflexiones
Authors: Tomillo Urbina Jorge
Published: July 2021

El trabajo versa sobre la irrupción de las plataformas digitales en la contratación con consumidores desarrollando fórmulas de consumo colaborativo, pero también suscitando problemas y dificultades como consecuencia de la especial vulnerabilidad de los consumidores en línea, especialmente cuando contratan con otros consumidores-proveedores (prosumidores), decayendo las herramientas de protección dispuestas para la tutela de las posiciones jurídicas asimétricas. Se analiza la variabilidad del concepto de consumidor enunciando y desarrollando la prevalencia del principio de ajenidad en situaciones complejas con el propósito de diseccionar la normativa europea en materia de equidad y transparencia de los servicios de intermediación en línea de examinar y proponer diversas técnicas para la protección jurídica de los usuarios no profesionales.
La protección jurídico – penal de los miembros de la comunidad LGBTIQ en Cuba. Dinámica de cambio
Authors: Jarrosay Veranes Aymara , Mendoza Pérez Juan Carlos , Expósito Jerez Dalia
Published: July 2021

La presente investigación pretende diseñar a partir de un estudio doctrinal y exegético presupuestos teóricos y normativos para la configuración de los actos discriminatorios por razón de orientación sexual en la ley penal sustantiva cubana, lográndose con ello una mejor protección jurídica penal a los miembros de la comunidad LGBTIQ. A fin de cumplimentar los objetivos propuestos se emplearon métodos generales de las investigaciones teóricas: histórico-lógico, análisis-síntesis y el de inducción- deducción, métodos específicos de la investigación jurídica de orientación teórica como el teórico-jurídico, exegético-jurídico y jurídico-comparado; además del método empírico: análisis de contenido.
Маркировка: переход на новый уровень
Authors: Куминова Екатерина
Published: July 2021

Маркировка охватывает все больше отраслей рынка. Первого мая стартовал пилотный проект по кодированию биологически активных добавок (ПП №6731). Он продлится до 31 августа 2022 г. А 1 июля перестает действовать упрощенный механизм «обратной приемки лекарств»2, введенный в связи с техническими сбоями в системе МДЛП и возникшей в связи с этим дефектуры лекарств.
Обзор тендерных закупок группы L01 – «Противоопухолевые препараты»
Authors: Калинина Надежда
Published: July 2021

На сегодняшний день уже очевидно, что 2021 г. будет таким же непростым, как и предыдущий. Пандемия продолжается, экономическая ситуация по-прежнему накладывает негативный отпечаток на все рынки, в т. ч. и на фармацевтический. Все участники фармрынка предпринимают максимум усилий для поддержания существующих цепочек поставок и для бесперебойного обеспечения населения необходимыми лекарственными препаратами. При этом ситуация с госзакупками будет напрямую зависеть от уровня заболеваемости среди населения.
Подагра: новое в клинических рекомендациях
Authors: Прожерина Юлия , Широкова Ирина
Published: July 2021

В последние два десятилетия произошел перелом в изучении подагры – одного из наиболее распространенных воспалительных заболеваний суставов, представляющего собой серьезную проблему как для пациентов, так и для системы здравоохранения. С учетом научных достижений и их успешного применения в реальной практике усовершенствованы и обновлены международные и российские рекомендации по лечению пациентов, страдающих подагрой. В частности, в 2020 г. изменены и дополнены рекомендации Американской коллегии ревматологов (ACR), в которых обсуждаются новые стратегии ведения больных подагрой [1].
Современный подход к терапии язвенного колита: обновленные рекомендации Американской гастроэнтерологической ассоциации
Authors: Водовозов Алексей
Published: July 2021

Язвенный колит (ЯК) – хроническое воспалительное заболевание кишечника, манифестация которого чаще всего приходится на ранний взрослый возраст [1]. При отсутствии лечения оно проявляется рецидивирующим воспалением слизистой оболочки. Результаты популяционных когортных исследований показывают, что в большинстве случаев ЯК протекает легко или с умеренными проявлениями, наиболее активная фаза заболевания обычно совпадает по времени с постановкой диагноза, а затем чередуются периоды ремиссии и обострения различной длительности и интенсивности. Примерно у 15% пациентов может наблюдаться агрессивное течение болезни, и 20% таких больных может потребоваться госпитализация из-за тяжести состояния [2].
Биоаналоги: воспроизведение клинического профиля с помощью современных биотехнологий
Authors: Ниязов Р. Р. , Драницына М. А. , Васильев А. Н. , Гавришина Е. В.
Published: July 2021

Биоаналог является биологическим лекарственным препаратом, который содержит версию действующего вещества ранее разрешенного оригинального биопрепарата. Подход к разработке биоаналогов кардинально отличается от разработки оригинального биопрепарата, поскольку основные усилия направлены на максимально точное воспроизведение действующего вещества оригинального биопрепарата. Концепция биоаналогичности признает невозможность полного воспроизведения оригинального биопрепарата и тем самым допускает определенные различия, если они не влияют на клинический профиль. Для установления биоаналогичности необходим обширный комплекс аналитических испытаний, и обнаруженные структурные различия далее оцениваются в функциональных испытаниях. Дальнейшие (до)клинические исследования нужны, чтобы доказать, что применение биоаналога приводит к такому же клиническому результату, как и применение оригинального биопрепарата, а не для того, чтобы заново подтвердить безопасность и эффективность.
AVALIAÇÃO FISIOTERAPÊUTICA AQUÁTICA PARA CRIANÇAS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Borato Mariane , Ferreira de Souza Stephany , Biernaski Jessica , Fernandes Lucas Deborah , Komar de Carvalho Beatriz , Ribas Melo Tainá , Bueno de Araujo Luize , Israel Vera Lúcia
Published: July 2021

O processo de desenvolvimento humano é complexo, dinâmico e necessita de atenção especial durante a infância. Em decorrência disso, são necessários métodos avaliativos fisioterapêuticos a fim de monitorar, mensurar e comparar a evolução desses comportamentos e habilidades motoras. A Fisioterapia Aquática em crianças, cria diversas possibilidades de vivências e aprendizados em meio líquido, permitindo uma abordagem lúdica. O objetivo desta pesquisa é rastrear na literatura estudos de programas de intervenções aquáticas, buscando identificar métodos de avaliação que foram utilizados e aplicados em crianças, tanto em ambiente aquático quanto em solo, por meio de uma revisão integrativa. Trata-se de um artigo de revisão integrativa, em que os artigos foram selecionados pelas permutas de palavras chaves que ocorreram na base de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Foram encontrados 34 artigos e após exclusão, destinaram-se 6 artigos para a leitura na íntegra, pois atendiam aos critérios. Como produto final, encontrou-se apenas 1 artigo com método avaliativo aquático, evidenciando uma carência de métodos avaliativos neste ambiente, principalmente para as crianças, o que identifica a necessidade de maiores estudos sobre novas formas de avaliação aquática.
KINESIO TAPING NO TRATAMENTO DE MULHERES COM LINFEDEMA PÓS-MASTECTOMIA: REVISÃO NARRATIVA
Authors: Conceição Rejeane Santos da , De Oliveira Daniela Débora Santos
Published: July 2021

O linfedema é uma doença crônica que gera acúmulo de linfa e pode acometer mulheres que submeteram ao tratamento do câncer de mama, ocorrendo diminuição do fluxo no sistema linfático e acúmulo da linfa no espaço intersticial. O Kinesio taping (KT) demostra ser uma técnica eficaz no tratamento para redução do volume do linfedema em mulheres mastectomizadas. Este estudo trata-se de uma revisão da literatura do tipo narrativa realizada por meio de base de dados buscados em bibliotecas virtuais: Pubmed, Lilacs, Medline, Scielo e Bireme nos idiomas inglês e português. As evidências disponíveis permitem informar que o KT associado a outras técnicas demostraram uma redução do linfedema, trazendo benefícios a essas pacientes.
Das Falas às Paisagens: Traduzindo o Rural de Pinheiro Machado – RS
Authors: Teixeira Cecília Tayse Muniz , Boessio Amábile Tolio , Fialho Marco Antônio Verardi
Published: July 2021

No presente artigo objetivou-se realizar interpretações a respeito das relações entre a paisagem do rural, e o discurso que as famílias relatam sobre esse rural, bem como compreender a relação de pertencimento que as famílias têm com o lugar onde vivem e trabalham. O aporte tanto teórico como metodológico teve base nas ciências sociais, em especial na antropologia. Foram realizadas entrevistas com duas famílias, uma no 1º e outra no 3º Distritos de Pinheiro Machado, que se tratam de áreas imersas na zona sul do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Utilizou-se como técnica de coleta de dados, a observação e entrevistas guiadas por um roteiro previamente estabelecido. Como reflexão, tem-se que as duas famílias estudadas nos dois distritos foram ilustrativas para compreensão das relações que são construídas no lugar em que vivem e trabalham, bem como a relação de pertencimento que se tem arraigado com seu passado de vida
Relative impacts of increases of solar radiation and air temperature on the temperature of surface water in a shallow, eutrophic lake
Authors: Shinohara Ryuichiro , Tanaka Yoji , Kanno Ariyo , Matsushige Kazuo
Published: July 2021

We monitored lake surface water temperatures from 1992 to 2019 in Lake Kasumigaura, a shallow lake in Japan. We hypothesized that increases of shortwave radiation had increased surface water temperatures and heat fluxes more than had the increases of air temperature. We used the heat flux analyses and the sensitivity analyses to test the hypothesis. The fluxes of solar radiation gradually increased during the study period in a manner consistent with the phenomenon of global brightening. The increase was especially apparent in the spring. The rate of increase of surface water temperature was especially significant in May. Air temperature did not significantly increase in May, but it increased significantly in June (0.40 °C decade−1). A sensitivity analysis of the heat fluxes at the lake surface (shortwave radiation, longwave radiation, latent heat flux, and sensible heat flux) revealed that surface water temperature was more sensitive to changes of shortwave radiation than to air temperature during the spring. Although other factors such as inflows of groundwater and river water may also have impacted surface water temperatures, the increase of solar radiation appeared to be the major factor responsible for the increase of surface water temperature during the spring in Lake Kasumigaura.
THE EVOLUTION OF THE POLITICAL STATUS OF THE KALMYK KHANA IN RUSSIA
Authors:   Kalmyk State University named after B.B. Gorodovikov, TSYURUMOV ALEXANDER V. , KURAPOV ANDREY A. ,   Astrakhan State University
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the study of one of the most important problems of modern historical science - the history of the formation of the Russian multinational state. Special attention is paid to the comparative analysis of the state and political statuses of the national autonomies of Russia - the Kalmyk Khanate and the Hetman's Ukraine. The statehood of the Kalmyk nomads arose after their entry into the Russian state in the first half of the 17th century. It is shown that the nature of the Russian-Kalmyk relations during this period makes it possible to define them as a protectorate of Russia over the Kalmyk uluses. The article examines the formation of the Russian-Kalmyk interaction, the evolution of the status, territorial framework and geopolitical position of the Kalmyk Khanate. At the beginning of the second quarter of the 18th century. After the Kazakhs of the Younger Zhuz migrated to Emba, the Kalmyk lands partially lost their border status and began to increasingly resemble the inner territory of the Russian Empire. A gradual transformation of political autonomy into administrative one begins. The article describes the main features of the autonomy of the Kalmyk Khanate in the period of the 17th - early 18th centuries: the preservation of the traditional administrative structure, the concentration of administrative, judicial, legislative and fiscal power in the hands of the secular elite, the inheritance of the supreme power in the Torgout dynasty. The paper determines that the new geopolitical status of the Kalmyk Khanate after the second quarter of the 17th century also changed the state policy in relation to it - the system of government of the khanate was unified, political independence was eliminated, the khanate was being integrated into the general imperial administrative and political system. The restrictive policy of Russia in relation to the Kalmyk Khanate, the government's interference in the hereditary question contributed to the beginning of the political fragmentation of the Khanate in the second half of the 20s - the first half of the 30s of the 18th century, political crises of the second half of the 18th century, and the crisis of 1771. The material presented in the article makes it possible to highlight general patterns in the political status of the Kalmyk Khanate and Ukraine in the 17-18th centuries.
PATRIOTIC EDUCATION OF THE GROWING GENERATION ON THE HISTORICAL HERITAGE OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR OF 1941-1945
Authors:   Institute for Humanitarian Research - a branch of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, TETUEV ALIM I.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of patriotic education of the younger generation on the historical heritage of the Great Patriotic War. It provides a critical analysis of the state of knowledge of this topic. Special attention is paid to acute and debatable issues related to the interpretation of this most important event in our national history. The analysis of legal regulation in the field of education in the Constitution of the Russian Federation (Adopted by popular vote on December 12, 1993 with amendments approved during the all-Russian vote on July 1, 2020) and the formation of the Russian Federation. The article examines the issues of patriotic education and the formation of national self-awareness of youth on the examples of the heroism of the Soviet people, captured in the literature about the Great Patriotic War. A line is drawn of the conceptual significance of the successive transmission of the traditions of the heroic past of our country to subsequent generations. The experience of general education institutions of the city district of Nalchik on the organization of patriotic education of students is generalized. The article highlights traditional and innovative forms and means of forming civic values of youth.
SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH OF THE RUSSIAN MARITIME UNION
Authors:   Mikhailovskaya Military Artillery Academy, JORAEV MEDET TECHMURATOVICH
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the aspects of scientific activity of the Russian Maritime Union. This public organization in the early twentieth century set itself the task of reviving the Russian imperial navy after the defeat in the russo - japanese war of 1904-1905. Meetings of a public organization where scientific problems were discussed are considered. Special attention is paid to the existing rules for publishing a collection of scientific papers by the leaders of the Russian Maritime Union. Information is given on issues related to the colonization of remote areas of Siberia and the Far East. The reasons for the lag of Russian commercial shipping from Western European countries are investigated. The prerequisites for the successful development of German commercial shipbuilding and shipping in the early twentieth century are analyzed. The relationship between the problems of development of Siberian rivers and the unsatisfactory economic condition of remote Russian territories is traced. The history of domestic public organizations and naval affairs in the early twentieth century is studied. In addition, the organization of the Russian maritime union for the promotion of naval knowledge is being considered. The public organization subscribed specialized foreign and domestic literature and created libraries on these issues, open to the public. Then the Russian maritime union attracted such technical innovations as cinematog- raphy and filmstrips to promote naval knowledge among the Russian population.
RATIONALIZATION MOVEMENT IN THE OIL INDUSTRY OF THE CHECHEN-INGUSH ASSR DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF THE NEWSPAPER "GROZNY WORKER")
Authors:   Chechen State University, OSMAEV MOVLA K.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the practically unexplored issue of the rationalization movement on the territory of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR during the Great Patriotic War, which explains its relevance. The aim is to determine the degree of impact of the activities of innovators on improving the efficiency of the oil production and refining industry of Chechen-Ingushetia during the study period. The article is written mainly on the materials of the Republican newspaper "Grozny worker" (organ of the Chechen-Ingush regional Committee of the CPSU(b), allowing with a sufficient degree of completeness to recreate the scale of activity of inventors and innovators and to describe the impact on the oil industry of national economy. Separate data are taken from published even in Soviet times of works M. A. Abisalova and S. O. Zoeva. In the work on the article, comparative-historical and problem-chronological methods were used, which made it possible to identify the general and special in the described historical events and to consider the activities of the CHIASSR rationalizers of the period of the Great Patriotic War in chronological order. Based on the materials used, it can be concluded that although not all of the proposed rationalization proposals were implemented, in general, they allowed the state to save significant financial and material resources. Was thereby made a significant contribution to the increase of efficiency of activity of the Republican oil industry complex. The Republican corps of inventors and innovators consisted mainly of engineering and technical workers and highly qualified workers, and the bonuses given to innovators for implemented proposals amounted to a significant increase in the income of about a thousand employees and their families.
CONFISCATION OF FOREIGN NATIONALS ' VESSELS FROM RUSSIAN YACHT CLUBS DURING THE FIRST WORLD WAR
Authors:   Professor N. E. Zhukovsky and Yu. A. Gagarin Air Force Academy, KOPYLOV SERGEY N.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the confiscation of private vessels of foreign nationals during the First World War. Cases of confiscation of small vessels by the metropolitan river Police and the Baltic Fleet are considered. Special attention is paid to the distribution of confiscated vessels. Information is given that yachts and boats were sent to the Naval School and other naval units in need. Among the requests for the transfer of confiscated vessels, it is necessary to highlight the requests received from the Baltic fleet submarine connection, the naval artillery unit of the Kroonstad fortress, the commandant of the premise fortress and the transport flotilla of the black sea fleet. The article examines the prerequisites and reasons for the confiscation of small-sized floating vehicles and German and Austrian subjects. The article analyzes the cases of return of the vessel to a russian citizen of finnish origin after confiscation. The relationship between the events of the First World War and changes in the activities of Russian aristocratic yacht clubs is traced. The author studies the history of domestic sports organizations and Russian history in the early twentieth century. In addition, the organization of Russian sports organizations in the early twentieth century is considered. Russian imperial yacht clubs were rather reluctant to give small vessels belonging to foreign subjects to the official authorities. As a result, the Metropolitan River Police and the Baltic Fleet confiscated sailing and motor vessels owned by German and Austro-Hungarian citizens from aristocratic yacht clubs.
Use of Exogenous Enzymes in Human Therapy: Approved Drugs and Potential Applications
Authors: Cioni Patrizia , Gabellieri Edi , Campanini Barbara , Bettati Stefano , Raboni Samanta
Published: July 2021

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The development of safe and efficacious enzyme-based human therapies has increased greatly in the last decades, thanks to remarkable advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for different diseases, and the characterization of the catalytic activity of relevant exogenous enzymes that may play a remedial effect in the treatment of such pathologies. Several enzyme-based biotherapeutics have been approved by FDA (the U.S. Food and Drug Administration) and EMA (the European Medicines Agency) and many are undergoing clinical trials. Apart from enzyme replacement therapy in human genetic diseases, which is not discussed in this review, approved enzymes for human therapy find applications in several fields, from cancer therapy to thrombolysis and the treatment, e.g., of clotting disorders, cystic fibrosis, lactose intolerance and collagen-based disorders. The majority of therapeutic enzymes are of microbial origin, the most convenient source due to fast, simple and cost-effective production and manipulation. The use of microbial recombinant enzymes has broadened prospects for human therapy but some hurdles such as high immunogenicity, protein instability, short half-life and low substrate affinity, still need to be tackled. Alternative sources of enzymes, with reduced side effects and improved activity, as well as genetic modification of the enzymes and novel delivery systems are constantly searched. Chemical modification strategies, targeted- and/or nanocarrier-mediated delivery, directed evolution and site-specific mutagenesis, fusion proteins generated by genetic manipulation are the most explored tools to reduce toxicity and improve bioavailability and cellular targeting. This review provides a description of exogenous enzymes that are presently employed for the therapeutic management of human diseases with their current FDA/EMA-approved status, along with those already experimented at the clinical level and potential promising candidates.
Molecular Mechanism of Inhibition of Polysialyltransferase Domain (PSTD) by Heparin
Authors: Liao Si-Ming , Liu Xue-Hui , Peng Li-Xing , Lu Bo , Huang Ri-Bo , Zhou Guo-Ping
Published: July 2021

The polysialic acid (polySia) is a unique carbohydrate polymer produced on the surface
of Neuronal Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM) in a number of cancer cells, and strongly correlates
with the migration and invasion of tumor cells and with aggressive, metastatic disease and poor
clinical prognosis in the clinic. Its synthesis is catalyzed by two polysialyltransferases (polySTs),
ST8SiaIV (PST) and ST8SiaII (STX). Selective inhibition of polySTs, therefore, presents a therapeutic
opportunity to inhibit tumor invasion and metastasis due to NCAM polysialylation. It has
been proposed that NCAM polysialylation could be inhibited by two types of heparin inhibitors,
low molecular heparin (LMWH) and heparin tetrasaccharide (DP4). This review summarizes how
the interactions between Polysialyltransferase Domain (PSTD) in ST8SiaIV and CMP-Sia, and between
the PSTD and polySia take place, and how these interactions are inhibited by LMWH and
DP4. Our NMR studies indicate that LMWH is a more effective inhibitor than DP4 for inhibition
of NCAM polysialylation. The NMR identification of heparin-binding sites in the PSTD may provide
insight into the design of specific inhibitors of polysialylation.
Managing Problematic Usage of the Internet and Related Disorders in an Era of Diagnostic Transition: An Updated Review
Authors: Dell’Osso Bernardo , Di Bernardo Ilaria , Vismara Matteo , Piccoli Eleonora , Giorgetti Federica , Molteni Laura , Fineberg Naomi A. , Virzì Calogero , Bowden-Jones Henrietta , Truzoli Roberto , Viganò Caterina
Published: July 2021

Introduction:

Problematic Usage of the Internet (PUI) refers to a broad and likely heterogeneous group of Internet-related conditions associated with behavioural disturbances and functional impairment.

Methods:

Within PUI several conditions have been reported, including Gaming Disorder, Shopping Addiction, Cyberchondria, Gambling Disorder, Cyberpornography Addiction and Cyberbullying. While increasing reports in the field try to define the epidemiologic and clinical boundaries of these conditions, the rapid and continuous evolution of Internet related behaviours as well as their problematic/pathological expressions are often difficult to diagnose, assess, approach with treatment interventions and follow-up.

Results:

In addition, some of the PUI-related conditions show characteristics of addiction to the Internet as a preferential tool to engage in specific behaviours, while some others exclusively manifest on the Internet, making it necessary to find distinct assessment and treatment pathways.

Conclusion:

The inclusion of Internet Gaming Disorder in Section III by the DSM-5 and the recognition of Gaming Disorder by the ICD-11 opened the way for a systematic clinical investigation of this and other PUI-related conditions, particularly in terms of preventive and therapeutic strategies. The present article is aimed at offering an updated clinical overview on the main expressions of PUI, focussing on the latest acquisitions in this evolving field.
The Influence of Lactobacillus Acidophilus on MUC1, GAL-3, IL-1β and IL-17 Gene Expression in BALB/c Mice Stomach
Authors: Rahardja Fanny , Prasetyo Dwi , Shahib Muhammad N. , Tjahjani Susy
Published: July 2021

Background and Objective:

Lactobacillus acidophilus has been widely used for the management of gastrointestinal carcinoma owing to its immunomodulation effect; however, the role of L. acidophilus and its specific mechanism of action in the stomach is not fully comprehended. The present study evaluated the expression profile of MUC-1, GAL-3, IL -1β, and IL-17 in the L. acidophilus treated mice stomach.

Methods:

The study was conducted utilizing three groups of mice, 6 mice for each group, administered with different doses of L. acidophilus and a control group treated with normal saline. The results were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney Test.

Results:

The results demonstrated that L. acidophilus elevated IL-1β insignificantly and inhibited the expression of IL-17. The MUC-1 expression is influenced by L. acidophilus and inversely proportional to GAL-3 expression.

Conclusion:

Lactobacillus acidophilus plays a prominent role against inflammatory responses and has a potential in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer.
Power Consumption Data Privacy-preserving Scheme Based on Improved Multi-key Fully Homomorphic Encryption
Authors: Li Yuancheng , Yu Jiawen
Published: July 2021

Background:

In the power Internet of Things (IoT), power consumption data faces the
risk of privacy leakage. Traditional privacy-preserving schemes cannot ensure data privacy on the
system, as the secret key pairs shall be shared between all the interior nodes once leaked. In addition,
the general schemes only support summation algorithms, resulting in a lack of extensibility.

Objective:

To preserve the privacy of power consumption data, ensure the privacy of secret keys, and
support multiple data processing methods we propose an improved power consumption data privacypreserving
scheme.

Method:

Firstly, we have established a power IoT architecture based on edge computing. Then the
data is encrypted with the multi-key fully homomorphic algorithm to realize the operation of ciphertext,
without the restrictions of calculation type. Through the improved decryption algorithm, ciphertext
that can be separately decrypted in cloud nodes is generated, which contributes to reducing
communication costs and preventing data leakage.

Results:

The experimental results show that our scheme is more efficient than traditional schemes in
privacy preservation. According to the variance calculation result, the proposed scheme has reached
the application standard in terms of computational cost and is feasible for practical operation.

Discussion:

In the future, we plan to adopt a secure multi-party computation based scheme so that
data can be managed locally with homomorphic encryption, so as to ensure data privacy.

Conclusion:

A privacy-preserving scheme based on improved multi-key fully homomorphic encryption
is proposed for the power consumption data, and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness
and advantage of the proposed scheme.
Eating Behavior of Imago Aulacophora similis Oliver on Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) with Treatment Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)
Authors: Wulandari Dwi , Aini Luqman Qurata , Tarno Hagus
Published: July 2021

The cucumber harvests failure occurred mainly due to the destruction of crops by the leaf-eating beetle A. similis Oliver. Many ways are taken especially pesticides that are synthesized widely because it is considered the fastest and most potent to overcome pest disorders. Based on, one of the control techniques that can be used is PGPR, which is a group of bacteria that can be utilized to strengthen plants against pest attacks and plant diseases, so research needs to be done by using this technique to change the feeding behavior of the A. similis Oliver beetle on cucumber plants. The research was conducted at the Green House Department of Pest and Plant Diseases University of Brawijaya Malang in September 2018 to March 2019. It was conducted using Randomized Block Design (RBD) 5 treatment, i.e., PGPR, urea fertilizer and control (without treatment). Based on the results of the study shows that: Application of PGPR on cucumber plant can reduce damage on either leaves or flower due to the eating behavior of imago A. similis Oliver and Application of PGPR can increase the cucumber plant growth during the eating behavior of imago A. similis Oliver.
Density and Biomass of Seagrass Beds and Its Threats on Lamongan Regency
Authors: Dewi Citra Satrya Utama , Yona Defri , Samuel Pratama Diffi , Maulidiyah Rizqi Aimmatul , Syahrir Ahdiya , Putri Yandini Eka , Rakhmawan Hilal , Fikri Maulana
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to determine the density of seagrass species, seagrass biomass, and threats faced by seagrass communities in the Coastal District of Lamongan. The study was conducted from August to November 2019 in three coastal villages of Lamongan Regency, namely Tunggul Village (Station 1), Kranji Village (Station 2), and Banjarwati Village (Station 3). Furthermore, the stages of the study consisted of preparation, data collection on density, threat data, seagrass stand samples, sample processing, and data analysis. The results showed that the total density of seagrass species at Stations 1, 2, and 3 was 160 stands/m2, 172 stands/m2, and 185 stands/m2, respectively. Moreover, the total biomass of seagrass at Stations 1, 2, and 3 was 4633 g/m2, 2136 g/m2, and 9234 g/m2, respectively. In addition to seagrass species, seagrass density values also affected seagrass biomass. As development progresses in Lamongan Regency, it is known that the biggest threat of seagrass communities in the study site is human activity (anthropogenic), especially the anchor ships when anchored and the use of coastal areas as tourist areas. This occasion often cleans up seagrass communities because they are deemed unfit to be enjoyed tourism sector.
Nutrient and Food Group Prediction as Orchestrated by an Automated Image Recognition System in a Smartphone App (CALO mama): Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sasaki Yuki , Sato Koryu , Kobayashi Satomi , Asakura Keiko
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

A smartphone image recognition app is expected to be a novel tool for measuring nutrients and food intake, but its performance has not been well evaluated.

OBJECTIVE

We assessed the accuracy of the performance of an image recognition app called CALO mama in terms of the nutrient and food group contents automatically estimated by the app.

METHODS

We prepared 120 meal samples for which the nutrients and food groups were calculated. Next, we predicted the nutrients and food groups included in the meals from their photographs by using (1) automated image recognition only and (2) manual modification after automatic identification.

RESULTS

Predictions generated using only image recognition were similar to the actual data on the weight of meals and were accurate for 11 out of 30 nutrients and 4 out of 15 food groups. The app underestimated energy, 19 nutrients, and 9 food groups, while it overestimated dairy products and confectioneries. After manual modification, the predictions were similar for energy, accurately capturing the nutrients for 29 out of 30 of meals and the food groups for 10 out of 15 meals. The app underestimated pulses, fruits, and meats, while it overestimated weight, vitamin C, vegetables, and confectioneries.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study suggest that manual modification after prediction using image recognition improves the performance of the app in assessing the nutrients and food groups of meals. Our findings suggest that image recognition has the potential to achieve a description of the dietary intakes of populations by using “precision nutrition” (a comprehensive and dynamic approach to developing tailored nutritional recommendations) for individuals.
Testing Digital Methods of Patient-Reported Outcomes Data Collection: Prospective Cluster Randomized Trial to Test SMS Text Messaging and Mobile Surveys (Preprint)
Authors: Agarwal Anish K , Ali Zarina S , Shofer Frances , Xiong Ruiying , Hemmons Jessica , Spencer Evan , Abdel-Rahman Dina , Sennett Brian , Delgado Mucio K
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Health care delivery continues to evolve, with an effort being made to create patient-centered care models using patient-reported outcomes (PROs) data. Collecting PROs has remained challenging and an expanding landscape of digital health offers a variety of methods to engage patients.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to prospectively investigate two common methods of remote PRO data collection. The study sought to compare response and engagement rates for bidirectional SMS text messaging and mobile surveys following orthopedic surgery.

METHODS

The study was a prospective, block randomized trial of adults undergoing elective orthopedic procedures over 6 weeks. The primary objective was to determine if the method of digital patient engagement would impact response and completion rates. The primary outcome was response rate and total completion of PRO questionnaires.

RESULTS

A total of 127 participants were block randomized into receiving a mobile survey (n=63) delivered as a hyperlink or responding to the same questions through an automated bidirectional SMS text messaging system (n=64). Gender, age, number of comorbidities, and opioid prescriptions were similar across messaging arms. Patients receiving the mobile survey were more likely to have had a knee-related surgery (n=50, 83.3% vs n=40, 62.5%; P=.02) but less likely to have had an invasive procedure (n=26, 41.3% vs n=39, 60.9%; P=.03). Overall engagement over the immediate postoperative period was similar. Prolonged engagement for patients taking opioids past postoperative day 4 was higher in the mobile survey arm at day 7 (18/19, 94.7% vs 9/16, 56.3%). Patients with more invasive procedures showed a trend toward being responsive at day 4 as compared to not responding (n=41, 59.4% vs n=24, 41.4%; P=.05).

CONCLUSIONS

As mobile patient engagement becomes more common in health care, testing the various options to engage patients to gather data is crucial to inform future care and research. We found that bidirectional SMS text messaging and mobile surveys were comparable in response and engagement rates; however, mobile surveys may trend toward higher response rates over longer periods of time.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03532256; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03532256
Exploring Food Cultures through Art: Meeting People Where They Are at
Authors: Beasy Kim , Page Leah
Published: July 2021

Engaging people in critical conversations about food practices is often challenging. In this paper, we explore how an exhibition was used as an educative site to explore food insecurity and food cultures and to promote food ethics and healthy eating. Surveys and interviews from the opening night of an exhibition were collected and Bourdieu’s habitus was used to theoretically inform analysis. The diversity of artworks displayed were found to provoke critical reflection about food cultures among participants. Findings revealed the exhibition was a non-intrusive space for meeting people ‘where they were at’ in understandings of food and food practice. Artworks were found to evoke reflections on food as a cultural phenomenon and as a deeply personal component of everyday worlds. The tensions in making food choices and food as agentic in participants lives were highlighted. Findings suggest that exhibitions may support critical engagement with food practice when audiences are given opportunities to discuss their thoughts and ideas.
FLUCONAZOLE NANOGEL: FABRICATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION FOR TOPICAL APPLICATION
Authors: DIVYA  , SINGH INDERBIR , NAGAICH UPENDRA
Published: July 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to develop and in vitro evaluation of prepared fluconazole nanogel for seborrheic dermatitis

Methods: Fluconazole nanogel was formulated to act against seborrheic dermatitis. The fluconazole nanoparticles were prepared by a simplified evaporation method and evaluated for particle size, entrapment efficiency, and percent in vitro drug release. The nanogel was also characterized based on parameters like particle size, percent entrapment efficiency, shape surface morphology, rheological properties, in vitro release R² = 0.9046, and release kinetics.

Results: The nanoparticle with a combination of Eudragit RS and Tween 80 showed the best result with particle size in the range of 119.0 nm to 149.5 nm, with a cumulative percent drug release of 95 % up to 18 h. The formulated nanogel with optimum concentration of HPMC authenticate with particle size 149.50±0.5 with maximum drug release (92.13±0.32) %.

Conclusion: Different percentages of polymers (ethyl-cellulose, eudragit, and tween 80) are used as variable components in the formulation of nanogel. The optimized batch showed good physical properties (flow index, spreadability, and viscosity) along with rapid drug release. Therefore, it can be concluded that nanogel containing fluconazole has potential application in topical delivery.
MULTI-FUNCTIONAL CARBON DOTS: A SYSTEMATIC OVERVIEW
Authors: REDDY MUTHADI RADHIKA , GUBBIYAPPA KUMAR SHIVA
Published: July 2021

Carbon dots (CDs) have emerged as a potential material in the multifarious fields of biomedical applications due to their numerous advantageous properties including tunable fluorescence, water solubility, biocompatibility, low toxicity, small size and ease of modification, inexpensive scale-up production, and versatile conjugation with other targeted nanoparticles. Thus, CDs became a preferable choice in various biomedical applications such as nanocarriers for drugs, therapeutic genes, photo sensitizers, unique electronic, fluorescent, photo luminescent, chemiluminescent, and electro chemiluminescent, drug/gene delivery and optoelectronics properties are what gives them potential in sensing and antibacterial molecules. Further, their potentials have also been verified in multifunctional diagnostic platforms, cellular and bacterial bio-imaging, development of nanomedicine, etc. This present review provides a concise insight into the progress and evolution in the field of carbon dots research with respect to synthesis methods and materials available in bio-imaging, theranostic, cancer, gene therapy, diagnostics, etc. Further, our discussion is extended to explore the role of CDs in nanomedicine and nano theranostic, biotherapy which is the future of biomedicine and also serves to discuss the various properties of carbon dots which allow chemotherapy and gene therapy to be safer and more target-specific, resulting in the reduction of side effects experienced by patients and also the overall increase in patient compliance and quality of life and representative studies on their activities against bacteria, fungi, and viruses reviewed and discussed. This study will thus help biomedical researchers in percuss the potential of CDs to overcome various existing technological challenges.
STRUCTURAL DETERMINATION OF L-ASPARAGINASE II OF STREPTOMYCES ALBIDOFLAVUS AND INTERACTION ANALYSIS WITH L-ASPARAGINE AND CEFOTAXIME
Authors: TEJASWINI ACHYUTUNI VENKATA NAGA , RAMESH MALOTHU
Published: July 2021

Objective: L-Asparaginase enzyme possesses a crucial role in the treatment of various hematologic malignancies. The current study focuses on homology modeling and interaction analysis of L-Asparaginase proteins belonging to Streptomyces albidoflavus (S. albidoflavus) with the essential ligand L-Asparagine and subsequent analysis with essential β-lactam antibiotic Cefotaxime.

Methods: The process of understanding Asparaginase interactions primarily involved structure determination of WP_096097608, WP_095730301, which is achieved by GalaxyTBM, I-TASSER and SWISS-MODEL. Further, the S. albidoflavus Asparaginase proteins are subjected to GalaxySite and Autodock Vina of PyRx analysis.

Results: The GalaxyTBM predicted structures of both the proteins are found promising on various validation studies. The two Asparaginase proteins exhibited high binding affinities of-6.8 and-6.5 kcal/mol with Cefotaxime and-5.1 and-4.9 kcal/mol towards Asparagine. The protein WP_096097608 residues forming hydrogen bonds with L-Asparagine are also analysed to involve in interaction with Cefotaxime on individual docking analysis.

Conclusion: The current findings details the two S. albidoflavus Asparaginase proteins affinity towards L-Asparagine, hence can be assessed further for immunogenicity studies. In addition to the above findings, an attempt is made to find the L-Asparaginase binding possibilities with non-metals that identified an essential β-lactam antibiotic Cefotaxime to be an effective inhibitor. This study helps in understanding the interactions of L-Asparaginase with Cefotaxime, as intake of antibiotics between the phases of chemotherapy is observed to treat various infections and also as an antibiotic to microbes that utilize Asparaginase as a vital enzyme.