bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implications for Employee Proactivity Research
Authors: Wu Chia-Huei
Published: January 2020

The aim of this chapter is to highlight implications of the proposed model and propositions in Chapter 4 and 5 for employee proactivity research. The chapter firstly discusses how attachment theory provides a different angle from alternative approaches to understand relational basis of employee proactivity. Then it elaborates how the attachment theory strengthens a dispositional approach to understand employee proactivity and the value of the proposed model in integrating the different conceptualizations and motivational mechanisms in proactivity research. Finally, the chapter indicates avenues for future research on employee proactivity specifically and elaborates how attachment theory can help us to understand work behavior broadly.
Deconstructing Migrant/Worker Categories in Britain
Authors: Vickers Tom
Published: January 2020

This chapter discusses the ways in which state-endorsed divisions within the working class are reflected and reinforced at a discursive level through processes of ‘othering’. It argues that ideological categories position workers in multiple, shifting and often contradictory ways within ‘common sense’ hegemonic narratives that justify and reinforce capitalist exploitation. Such narratives are constantly changing and the divisions they help to structure are taking increasingly sharp and aggressive forms in the context of the imperialist crisis. This is illustrated through a detailed empirical analysis of three British television documentaries that were broadcast in early 2014, within weeks of changes to state restrictions affecting migrants from Bulgaria and Romania. Other academic literature is used to contextualise the analysis of these documentaries, suggesting they are representative of wider trends.
Conclusion
Authors: Vickers Tom
Published: January 2020

This chapter concludes the book, arguing that on the basis of the analysis presented here there seem to be two trajectories possible for Britain: remaining within capitalism, contributing to an increasingly fractioned working class, with living standards driven down for the majority and antagonistic relations around the migrant/native divide that are enforced with increasing violence, legally, physically and discursively; or, a radical break from capitalism, to find a social form that can move beyond the contradictions of capitalism and its attendant crises and divisions. Pursuing the second course might be supported by retrieving the concept of the general interest of the working class, arising from a position of exploitation that manifests in a multitude of forms.
Interests and Vanguard State Theory1
Authors: Southgate Laura
Published: January 2020

This chapter explores in more depth the contending arguments for sovereignty violation in Southeast Asia. It highlights the ways in which constructivist, realist and critical theorists have approached the topic of ASEAN regionalism and member state autonomy, and the strengths and weaknesses of each argument. This is followed by a detailed analysis of vanguard state theory, and the ways in which the argument presented can build upon existing literature. The chapter defines and measures the theory’s variables of interest convergence and ASEAN (non)resistance to sovereignty violation. It then conceptualizes ASEAN in more detail, and concludes with a discussion of the methodology that has been adopted.
The Third Indochina War1
Authors: Southgate Laura
Published: January 2020

This chapter reviews the events of the Third Indochina War between 1978 and 1991. Analysis of recently declassified United States documents helps shed light on the informal alliance that developed between Thailand, China, the ASEAN states, the ousted Khmer Rouge, and to a lesser extent the United States, in an effort to contain Vietnamese and Soviet influence in Southeast Asia following Vietnam’s invasion of Cambodia in 1978. As a consequence of high interest convergence between Thailand and a designated external power, China, ASEAN was able to resist violations to the sovereignty of Thailand from a Soviet-backed Vietnam.
The War on Terrorism: Criminology’s ‘Third War’
Authors: McGarry Ross , Walklate Sandra
Published: January 2020

In chapter three, The war on terrorism: criminology’s “third war”, we pose a central problematique. Within this chapter, we suggest that the seemingly “new” criminological study of war is a product of renewed interest to studying matters related to the “war on terrorism” in the aftermath of the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Centre on 11th September 2001 (9/11). Although by no means a criticism of the work produced during this period, we provide examples which indicate that the aftermath of 9/11 brought with it fresh impetus to study attendant matters of “war” and “security” within criminology which (inadvertently) diverted attention from previous relevant sociological and criminological scholarship. The remaining chapters of this book set about attempting to redress some of this oversight within the discipline.
The Anxious Middle Class of Urban China
Authors: Lui Tai-lok , Liu Shuo
Published: January 2020

One of the most notable features of urbanization in China in the past two decades is the rise of an urban middle class. From the proliferation of nightlife entertainment in urban hot spots to the consumption of luxurious items and/or foreign brands, the drastic increase in car ownership to the growth of gated communities, cityscape in contemporary China has undergone drastic changes in the course of urbanization and socio-economic re-stratification. The rise of a newly formed middle class in the major cities is both an agent in shaping the changing cityscape and an outcome of current urban development. This chapter, drawing upon the authors’ observations conducted in a suburban middle-classcommunity in Beijing in 2007-2017 and the study of the middle class in Shanghai since the mid-1990s, reports on the emergence and formation of an urban middle class in contemporary Chinese cities. It is argued that this middle class came into existence when China’s economy was marketized and the social structure had undergone a major transformation as a result of such economic changes. Within a period of 20-25 years, there witnessed the birth of a middle class in the context of the transition to a post-socialist economy, the formation of new class identities and lifestyles, and growing class-related anxieties. Our discussion covers the formation of this urban middle class, its social and cultural outlooks, and an analysis of how their class interests shape the social landscape of the Chinese cities.
Conclusion
Authors: Ren Julie
Published: January 2020

Given the confluence of a vast body of research about urban China and the heated debates about urban theory, revisiting Park seems at first glance like an untimely, limiting tactic for setting a research agenda. Taking Park as a starting point does not, however, dictate rules about speaking in his terms, nor does it require a re-treading of the Los Angeles School critiques of his work. Rather, it can be a valuable way to review the research on urban China in order to situate this work within greater theoretical issues. This concluding chapter reflects on the general issues of exceptionalism and methodology haunting the research on urban China. It suggests that rather than a research agenda like the one Park outlines in his essay on “The City,” perhaps the future of research demands a reconsideration of approach.
State Power Structures
Authors: Dowding Keith
Published: January 2020

Where Chapter 5 concentrated on the power debate in terms of the community power studies, Chapter 6 turns the argument to more general theories of the state notably pluralism and state autonomy theses. It critiques the policy community and policy network approaches notably in their claim that every policy has to be sold to influential constituencies. It also critiques the autonomy of the state thesis. Whilst pluralism has too rosy a picture of the relative power and influence of different sets of groups, the state autonomy thesis does not take enough account of the fact that the state is made up of numerous competing interests at all levels. It reviews the way in which rational choice models are utilized to examine different constituencies and sets of actors in the modern state. It then examines structural accounts of power in society and shows how long-term interests can be difficult to promote given the myopia that can accompany the manner in which politicians, with an eye on the electoral cycle act so as to increase their probability of being elected. It discusses the systematic luck of some groups and the systematic luck and the power of finance capital. Often the most pernicious aspects of the power and luck structure is the systematic luck of some groups that get what they want without having to wield the powers they enjoy. It concludes with an analysis of the role of business in the policy process examining the two logics of collective action. It summarizes how we measure power by looking at the five resources that bring power.
Predicting the redshift on the ultraviolet spectrum using the peak area method
Authors: Tong Angxin , Tang Xiaojun , Zhang Feng , Wang Bin
Published: January 2020

The ultraviolet (UV) absorption peaks of NaCl, NaOH, and

β

-phenylethylamine (PEA) in an aqueous solution move toward redshift. We proposed the peak area method for the quantitative analysis of PEA, NaCl, and NaOH. First, we obtained the predictable regularities of the redshift of the single component sample. Then, we obtained the regularities of the redshift of the UV spectrum for the mixture by the peak height and peak area methods. Finally, the BP-ANN algorithm was applied to determine the concentration of the mixture using the peak height and peak area method. The results of the testing set showed that correlation coefficients (

R

2

) of 0.992, 0.993, and 0.992 were obtained by peak height method and 0.997, 0.998, and 0.998 were obtained by peak area method for NaCl, NaOH, and PEA, respectively. Meanwhile, the relative errors of the prediction of NaCl, NaOH, and PEA obtained by peak area method were less than 3%, whereas the REP of NaCl, NaOH, and PEA obtained by peak height method were more than 5%. Compared with the results of the peak height method, the results showed that the peak area was more accurate than the peak height in predicting the redshift of the UV spectrum.
Time-of-flight imaging based on resonant photoelastic modulation: publisher’s note
Authors: Atalar Okan , Van Laer Raphaël , Sarabalis Christopher J. , Safavi-Naeini Amir H. , Arbabian Amin
Published: January 2020

This publisher’s note corrects the Funding section in
Appl. Opt.
58, 2235 (2019)APOPAI0003-693510.1364/AO.58.002235.
Los Bancos de Tiempo como alternativa a las problemáticas de la población vulnerable en México
Authors: Juárez Ortiz Maria De la Luz , Lara Gomez Graciela
Published: January 2020

Ante la necesidad de combatir la vulnerabilidad económica y social distintos colectivos han generado estrategias para desarrollar modelos de economía social, destacando entre ellos, los Bancos de Tiempo, como un modelo que empodera a las personas mediante el intercambio de su tiempo personal y profesional para la obtención de servicios y generación de capital social. Este artículo busca dilucidar las razones que hacen a los Bancos de Tiempo una alternativa de solución para las problemáticas que emergen entre la población vulnerable en México. El estudio fue realizado desde un enfoque cualitativo, llevando a cabo un acercamiento a la realidad a través del análisis de seis Bancos de Tiempo ubicados en diferentes regiones de México. Con los resultados obtenidos puede sostenerse que dichos instrumentos son una alternativa para atenuar las problemáticas de la población vulnerable, dado que por su medio se generan vínculos de cooperación, reciprocidad, relaciones de confianza y equidad.
A propósito del Laudo del Servicio Vasco de Arbitraje Cooperativo nº 7/2018 del 20 de julio de 2018. Doble contabilidad y asunción de pérdidas.
Authors: Otxoa-Errarte Goicoechea Rosa
Published: January 2020

Sumario: I. Antecedentes. II. Doctrina. III. Comentario. 1. Doble contabilidad. 2. Obligación de los socios de participar en los órganos sociales. 3. Doctrina de los actos propios. 4. Obligación de asumir la imputación de pérdidas en la cuantía acordada por la Asamblea
(Isten)nők és Boccaccio
Authors: Molnár Annamária
Published: January 2020

Giovanni Boccaccio, writing his prosaic works in Latin and researching antique and medieval literary sources, as a philologist faces the question of systematizing and evaluating of Greek-Roman goddesses: were they really goddesses or not? How can he reveal his point of view to his readers? What kind of concept stands out in Genealogia deorum gentilium, and how consciously and consistently he uses that later in De mulieribus claris? What are the similarities and the differences between the portraits of goddesses in these two works? This is a maze of Cereses and Minervas, and the reader himself has to find the way out of it.
Fabula és história határán: két festői történet a XVI. század Magyarországáról
Authors: Máté Ágnes
Published: January 2020

The paper discusses two anecdotes concerning the Hungarian court. The first anecdote is transmitted by Le Vite of Giorgio Vasari on Visino, a Florentine painter, and his adventure in the court of Louis II. The big-mouth Florentine almost lost his life because the Hungarian aristocrats misunderstood his communicating of cultural preferences for Tuscany in comaprison to Buda court. The other text is a short narrative taken from the Le Sei Giornate of Sebastiano Erizzo. Erizzo's story tells about King John Szapolyai and one of his servants who stole a precious ring from his master. The servant accuses a painter of the sin and almost makes him killed for something the painter did not commit. The King, conscious about his servant's deed frees the painter and punishes the servant by sending him away from his service and giving him the same ring the servant risked his own position and another person's life for. My analysis discusses the possible historical and cultural background of the two stories. It also calls attention to the psychological effects they may have caused in their contemporary readers and the different reading strategies we approach them after the Enlightment of European culture.
Aeneas barátai a régi magyar irodalomban
Authors: Máté Ágnes
Published: January 2020

In this paper I discuss the appearance of four figures (Euryalus, Nisus, Achates and Palinurus) taken from Virgil’s Aeneid in old Hungarian poetry (16‒18th centuries). I list all places these minor heroes are mentioned in the corpus represented by Régi Magyar Költők Tára series. I argue that the four heroes’ limited appearance in old Hungarian poetry was due to two factors: metaphorical usage of their figures and tabooization of homosexuality. Moreover, all the places in whom a figure called Eurialus is mentioned in the old Hungarian corpus, allude to the male protagonist of Eneas Silvius Piccolomini’s love story, the Historia de duobus amantibus and to its early translation in Hungarian. In old Hungarian literature Eurialus denoted a heterosexual male hero rather than an eromenos of Greek love tradition.
Az archaikus költészet szerepe Ioachimus Vadianus költészetelméletében
Authors: Bobay Orsolya
Published: January 2020

The aim of my study is the analysis of the views on the archaic Latin literature in the early modern works based on the theory and practice of poetry, especially in the Swiss humanist’s, Joachim von Watt’s work (De poetica et carminis ratione). The concepts of poeta vates, poeta theologus, and poeta eruditus are commonly used by the Italian authors – who knew the most important authors of the early Roman literature regarding this period ‒ in order to emphasize the moralistic and social morals of the archaic poetry’s lecture. Some of the authors – for example Pietro Crinito ‒ following Suetonius emphasized the historical analysis of the ancient literature in a particular way. The innovation of Joachim von Watt’s work was the adaptation of this view of the Italian authors, and it is not present in the works of other Viennese humanists on poetry in the first half of the 16th century.
A főnix újjászületése Petrarca Daloskönyvében
Authors: Vígh Éva
Published: January 2020

In the history of civilization and ancient literature, from Hesiod, Herodotus, Pliny, Tacito, Ovid to early Christian authors the symbolism of the bird periodically reborn from its ashes continued to survive in the sheets of encyclopedias and bestiaries. The image of the phoenix was transmitted by medieval troubadour poetry in form of rhetorical figures. Francesco Petrarca was not only the renewer of European poetry: he opened a completely singular way even in the interpretation of the unica avis. After having briefly outlined the poetic and spiritual symbolism of the phoenix, the paper focuses on a new poetic role of the bird present in six poems of Canzoniere, accentuating its reflective and pondered contiguousness.
Vergilius Provence-ban
Authors: Pataki Elvira
Published: January 2020

In the long history of French translations of Vergilian Eclogues, the work of M. Pagnol (1895-1974) has a special place. The novelist, playwright and filmmaker (the first one of them elected to Académie Française) published his version of pastoral poems in 1958, two years after the highly artistic edition of P. Valéry. In a sociocultural approach, Pagnol’s translation is usually considered as a sophisticated tool of marketing used to remodel the image of the author. The popular and rich star of French theatre and cinema is not really accepted neither by academic literature nor by the movements of literary radicalism because of his regional features and his cheap sentimentalism. By translating Virgil in a quasi-academic way, by editing a text with a preface, commentary and notes, Pagnol would highlight his erudition and postulate a place for himself among the Classics. Nevertheless, his very funny and personal way to interpret Virgil, his cultural commentaries, and his ethical remarks based on the norms of modern urban society make the Latin poet accessible for a very wide audience. The current paper focuses on the aesthetic features of his work. Being born in Provence, passionate of the Mediterranean landscape and highly influenced by classical mythology, Pagnol appears to emphasize the Latin origins of his homeland, the cultural and ethnical continuity between the Antiquity and the 20th century, with a strong apparent wish to revive thousand-year-old traditions.
A kolozsvári jezsuita iskola megnyitására kiadott tézisek (1581)
Authors: Lázár István Dávid
Published: January 2020

In May 1581, the Jesuit College in Kolozsvár (Cluj) was opened in the presence of Prince Báthori Kristóf. The opening ceremony was scheduled to include a dispute between the Jesuits and the Protestants, for which the theses compiled by Wolfgang Schreck S.I. have been already printed, entitled: THESES DE PURO ET EXPRESSO DEI VERBO, tam scriptis, quam viva voce tradito, et pari utriusque autoritate, necessitate, utilitate ac fine. According to contemporary reports, the Protestants did not stand up to the debate, so the Jesuit brothers disputed among themselves. A few years later, however, a response came from a Protestant, Péter Laskai Csókás, which was printed in 1585 in Geneva with the title Theorematum de puro et expresso Deo verbo… examen et refutatio. Only one copy of the Theses has survived, which is currently kept in the TelekiBolyai Library in Marosvásárhely (Târgu Mureş). After a brief introduction, I present the Latin text of the paper that has been ignored by the research so far.
Szempontok a De mulieribus claris elemzéséhez
Authors: Molnár Annamária
Published: January 2020

Boccaccio had proved by his vernacular and Latin prosaic works as well that he merited a place among the three crowns of Italian literature. By De mulieribus claris he created the first collection of women’s biographies in the Western European literature, which work testifies such a complexity worth for analysing. This paper presents the various aspects I needed to apply during the analysis of the common goddesses of Genealogia and De mulieribus – e. g. the problem of the readers, the utilized literary sources, the narrative techniques and even the tradition called Euhemerism – to understand De mulieribus itself and due to these points of view to identify the answers that Boccaccio gave to the challenges of the Medieval and Renaissance interpretational traditions.
Balsalazide-Induced Pneumonitis Causing Dyspnea in a Patient With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Sobecki Jeffrey , Patel Kruti , Kahl Ryan , Minaudo Mark
Published: January 2020

Inflammatory bowel disease complications can be related to inflammatory bowel disease-related pulmonary diseases or a form of hypersensitivity pneumonitis secondary to the immunosuppressive medications. We present a patient with intermittent chest pain and hypoxic respiratory failure who was found to have balsalazide-induced pneumonitis. We discuss the treatment and long-term outlook.
The Importance of Good Customer Ethics in Improving The Financing Portion of Mudharabah
Authors: Umam Khotibul
Published: January 2020

Mudharabah is a partnership contract (reputation agreement) in which one party (shahibul maal) will give his property to another party (mudharib) as productive business capital  with profit sharing between the owner of the funds/capital based on the agreed ratio in advance. In practice, the application of financing mudharabah is not easy to be implemented in Islamic banking because financing mudharabah will make the asymmetric information between the customer and Islamic banking. Mudharabah client have more information than Islamic banking about all of that business.  Asymmetric information sometimes can make the costumer do the moral hazard and adverse selection acts with the result that Islamic banking didn't take that risk and make the distribution of mudharabah financing portion becomes very small when compared to the total number of Islamic bank financing. Mudharabah Customers must have a good business ethics and always have advanced principle of honesty, trustworthy and transparent in managing shahibul maal funds in orther to they can minimize the risk of financing mudharabah and make Islamic banking be confident to grant the decision of financing mudharabah.
Comparison of Income Statement Approach and Shari'ate Value Added Statement Approach in Assessing the Financial Performance of Islamic Banks in Indonesia
Authors: Faisal Agus
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study is to comparison in financia performance of Islamic banks in Indonesia by using the Income Statement (IS) approach and Shari'ate Value Added Statement (SVAS) approach. The type of research is quantitative, sample using a purposive sampling technique with the criteria of Islamic banks in Indonesia the which presents a financial annual report the period 2008-2012. Financial ratios used consisted of Return On Asset (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), the ratio between the total net income by total productive assets (LBAP), Net profite Margin (NPM), and Operating Expense to Operation Income (OEOI), Analysis tool used to prove the hypothesis of this study is an independent sample t-test and Mann Whitney U. The result Showed that the average financial ratios (ROA, ROE, LBAP, NPM and OEOI) there are differences singnificant between the model of  IS and SVAS. Differences in the ratio of financial performance is due to the differences in the design of the presentation and disclosures relating to profit and added value. Income Statement "IS" looked at  income as profit, whereas the Shari'ate Value Added Statement "SVAS" looked at income as an added value.
IMPLEMENTASI REKRUTMEN GURU DISD TA’MIRUL ISLAM SURAKARTA (KAJIAN MANAJEMEN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DI SD ISLAM)
Authors: Lukluk Isnaini Rohmatun
Published: January 2020

The main objective in the recruitment process in schools is getting human resources or educators (teacher) is appropriate for a particular position so that the person is able to work optimally and can survive in school for a long time. Implementation of recruitment is a very important task, crucial and requires a great responsibility. This is because the quality of human resources that will be used schools rely heavily on recruitment and selection procedures were carried out. Based on interviews and observations made, it can be analyzed that the implementation of teacher recruitment aims to get teachers who are professional and have the best qualifications. Recruitment of new teachers is not held every year since in accordance with the needs of the school if there are vacant positions then held recruiting new teachers to fill positions corresponding field. Before conducting the necessary preparation for the recruitment of new teachers, new teacher recruitment preparation should be done so through the recruitment of school can obtain a good teacher management in order to improve the quality of school-based education.
Membangun Spirit Kebangsaan Kaum Muda di Tengah Fenomena Radikalisme
Authors: Supriadi Endang
Published: January 2020

AbstrakThe opening of the texts of political freedom and democratization following the fall of the New Order regime not only provided space for the emergence of various expressions built on primordial sentiments and identities but also paved the way for the expansion of radicalism. Reports by a number of survey institutions indicate that Indonesia is still a fertile ground for the production and reproduction of radical ideologies that allow the continued expansion of the radical organization or network. This threat is exacerbated by high public support for intolerance and violence.This article explores how the spirit of nationality for young people in the midst of the emergence of intolerant attitudes in society, the attitude of monopolizing the truth in religion that led to acts of terror in society. It needs dialogue and reconciliation honestly and openly. The deradicalization program must now be strengthened with elements of society to create a safe and peaceful atmosphere. As a consequence of choice as a democratic country, the principle of proportionality is very important to be put forward, so that there is no majority domination and minority tyranny.Keywords: nationality, young people, radicalism, deradicalism
Resepsi Hadis Tuntunan Sebelum dan Setelah Pernikahan Dalam Film Papi dan Kacung Episode 12-13
Authors: Nurmansyah Ihsan
Published: January 2020

This paper discusses the study of living hadith in the film “Papi dan Kacung” (read: PdK) episodes 12-13 uploaded by Qoryyan on Instagram in 2019. The film is a short film of Islamic nuances which in each scene shows a reception of the Prophet’s hadith, especially about guidance before and after marriage. In addition, one of the episodes of the film has received more comments from Instagram account users compared to other episodes. Therefore, to find out the variety of receptions on the Prophet’s hadith in the film “PdK” episodes 12-13 using reception theory introduced by Ahmad Rafiq. The results of this study are 1) exegetical reception manifested in the reading of the Book Riyadhus Shalihin and Minhajul Muslim: Konsep Hidup Ideal dalam Islam; 2) the aesthetic reception contained in the reading of the two hadith books accompanied by the backsound "I Came to Know Love"; 3) functional receptions are realized more inclined towards informative ie before men are married they should look for women who are righteous, while after marriage the husband helps with homework.
Takhrij dan Fahm al Hads "Khuffat al Jannah bi al Makaarih” dalam Kitab Adab al-'Aalim wa al Muta'allim
Authors: Fikri Ishom Fuadi
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTThis paper aims to discuss one of the Hadith in the book "Adab al-‘Aalim wa al-Muta’allim" by KH. Hasyim As'ariy, i.e. "Khuffat al-Jannah bi al-Makaarih". The approach used is the takhrij hadith bi al-lafdzi, which is to use few words and first words in the hadith. This paper is a study of literature based on relevant literature sources and seeks to answer the question of the status of authenticity of the hadith and how to understand the hadith. The quality of the hadith is worth Saheeh as a logical consequence of the connection of the Sanad and its famous tsiqah narrators, besides the matn hadith, it also does not conflict with such hadith as narrated by other narrators who are more religious. Therefore, the hadith can be used as a shara’ proposition, where in this case KH. Hasyim As'ariy explained that among the obligations of a teacher is always to encourage himself to; 1) always increase knowledge and do good deeds in sincerity of power and effort, 2) continuous worship, 3) read, 4) study, 5) discuss, 6) make notes, 7) memorize, 8) do not waste time and his age on something that is not related to science and good deeds, except when it is primary, including; eat-drink, rest-sleep, fulfill the rights of his wife or guest, make a living according to the level of need, illness, and so on. ABSTRAKTulisan ini bertujuan untuk membahas salah satu hadis yang yang tertera di dalam kitab “Adab al-‘Aalim wa al-Muta’allim” karya  KH. Hasyim As’ariy, yakni “Khuffat al-Jannah bi al-Makaarih”. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah takhrij hadis bi al-lafdzi, yakni menggunakan sebagaian kata dan kata pertama dalam matan hadis. Tulisan ini merupakan kajian kepustakaan berdasarkan sumber-sumber literatur yang relevan dan berusaha menjawab persoalan mengenai status keotentikan hadis dan bagaimana pemahaman hadis tersebut. Kualitas hadits tersebut adalah bernilai shahih sebagai konsekuensi logis dari adanya persambungan sanad dan para perawinya terkenal tsiqah, disamping matan haditsnya juga tidak bertentangan dengan hadits semisal yang diriwayatkan oleh perawi lainnya yang lebih tsiqah. Oleh sebab itu, hadis tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai dalil syara’, dimana dalam hal ini KH. Hasyim As’ariy menjelaskan bahwa diantara kewajiban seorang guru adalah senantiasa mendorong dirinya sendiri untuk; 1) selalu menambah pengetahuan dan beramal saleh dalam kesungguhan daya dan upaya, 2) kontinyu dalam beribadah, 3) membaca, 4) belajar, 5) berdiskusi, 6) membuat catatan-catatan, 7) mengahafal, 8) tidak menyia-nyiakan waktu dan umurnya pada sesuatu yang tidak berkaitan dengan keilmuan dan amal saleh, kecuali bila hal itu bersifat primer, diantaranya; makan-minum, istirahat-tidur, memenuhi hak istri atau tamunya, mencari nafkah sesuai kadar kebutuhan, sakit, dan sebagainya.
Sex education of adolescents with autism spectrum disorders in Poland
Authors: GULCZYŃSKA ANNA , WOJCIECHOWSKA ANETA
Published: January 2020

Anna Gulczyńska, Aneta Wojciechowska, Sex education of adolescents with autism spectrum disorders in Poland. Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, no. 24, Poznań 2019. Pp. 155-176. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X.DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2019.24.09

The aim of this article is to present the results of research into how mothers of individuals with ASD perceive school sex education. The article aims to contribute to the discussion on the need to introduce changes in the Polish education system as far as the area of sexuality is concerned. The study was carried out in two parts, at time intervals. The results were obtained only from mothers, which corresponds with the conclusion that mothers talk about matters of sexuality more often than fathers do and with daughters rather than with sons. The results indicate that mothers want to influence the sex education of their children, at the same time having no knowledge of what topics they are pursuing or can pursue with their child during formal sex education at school (education for living in a family).
Rodzina jako obszar tworzenia tożsamości
Authors: Wieradzka - Pilarczyk Anna
Published: January 2020

W artykule podjęto tematykę roli rodziny w procesie kształtowania tożsamości. Tożsamość rozumiana jest jako wynik osobistej autorefleksji nad własnymi potrzebami, celami, zasobami, co w konfrontacji z zebranymi i przetworzonym informacjami na temat siebie, pozwala odpowiedzieć młodemu człowiekowi na podstawowe tożsamościowe pytanie: Kim jestem? Prezentowany tekst ukazuje uwarunkowania rozwoju tożsamości, skupia się na opisie predyspozycji i kompetencji rodzinnych potrzebnych do rozwiązania tożsamościowego zamętu oraz korzystnego i niekorzystnego zachowania dorosłych wpływającego na kształtowanie się różnych typów tożsamości.
Prawda w pismach filozoficznych św. Augustyna
Authors: Ksycki Arkadiusz
Published: January 2020

Święty Augustyn (354-430) jest jednym z czterech wielkich doktorów Kościoła zachodniego. W swoim nauczaniu podejmował zagadnienia zarówno natury filozoficznej, jak i teologicznej. Powyższy artykuł stanowi próbę podsumowania ważnych poglądów epistemologicznych św. Augustyna na możliwość poznania prawdy przez człowieka. Owo poznanie, zgodnie z myślą starożytnego autora, wpływa na jakość życia człowieka i kieruje jego postępowaniem.
       W opracowaniu powyższego zagadnienia posłużono się analizą pism filozoficznych św. Augustyna, w których autor określa, jaka jest prawda oraz co stanowi jej główną i absolutną treść. Na tej podstawie ustalono, że dla św. Augustyna absolutną i jedyną prawdą jest Bóg. Poznanie tej prawdy daje człowiekowi poczucie prawdziwego szczęścia oraz zaspokaja najgłębsze pragnienia jego duszy. Augustyn podkreśla optymizm epistemologiczny w odniesieniu do prawdy. Łączy wysiłek ludzkiego rozumu ze światłem wiary i ukazuje ich konieczną współpracę na rzecz dobra i szczęścia człowieka.
Czy możliwe jest, aby o umieraniu i wieczności pisać profesjonalnie, a zarazem interesująco? Uwagi na temat języka współczesnej eschatologii i dzieł ars moriendi
Authors: Kulik Bogdan
Published: January 2020

Umieranie i rzeczy ostateczne człowieka są tematami interesującymi, jednak niełatwymi do przedstawienia w sposób profesjonalny, a zarazem zrozumiały. Z tego względu od dawna zaznacza się potrzebę publikowania tekstów, które połączą rzetelną wiedzę na te tematy z komunikatywnością języka. Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą prezentacji czterech współczesnych publikacji i analizy ich języka w celu wykazania, że spełniają one kryteria mówienia o umieraniu i wieczności wskazane przez Kongregację Nauki Wiary, papieża Franciszka i czołowych teologów: J. Ratzingera, H.U. von Balthasara, K. Rahnera, A. Nitroli.
Specyfika form i praktyk religijnych społeczności afroamerykańskiej wyzwaniem pastoralnym dla amerykańskiego Kościoła katolickiego
Authors: Kłos - Skrzypczak Aleksandra
Published: January 2020

Prawie 3 miliony wiernych amerykańskiego Kościoła to przedstawiciele afroamerykańskiej grupy etnicznej. Społeczność tą, doświadczoną latami ucisku i niewoli, cechuje nie tylko gorliwa wiara, ale również ekspresja i radość w doświadczaniu Boga. Mocne przywiązanie do tradycji stanowi dla amerykańskich biskupów nie lada wyzwanie, by pielęgnując wartości kulturowe, nie zatracić uniwersalistycznego ducha Kościoła.
Miejsce Hipokratesa i Samarytanina we współczesnej medycynie, czyli etyczna formacja pracownika służby zdrowia w świetle Nowej Karty Pracowników Służby Zdrowia
Authors: Bartoszek Antoni
Published: January 2020

Wydana przez Papieską Radę ds. Służby Zdrowia Nowa Karta Pracowników Służby Zdrowia przywołuje we wstępie i w zakończeniu Przysięgę Hipokratesa. Podobnie we wstępie przypomina o ewangelicznej przypowieści o dobrym Samarytaninie. Niniejszy artykuł wykazuje, że w przywołaniach tych nie chodzi o zwykłe przypomnienie tych ważnych dla etyki lekarskiej starożytnych tekstów. Zacytowanie Przysięgi Hipokratesa oraz przypowieści o dobrym Samarytaninie wskazuje na ich aktualność. Te powszechnie znane teksty syntetyzują wiele szczegółowych zagadnień poruszanych przez bioetykę i etykę lekarską, wnikliwie omówionych w Nowej Karcie, a także, co chyba jest najważniejsze, wytyczają drogę formacji sumienia pracowników służby zdrowia, która winna przebiegać dwutorowo: poprzez refleksję etyczną, dokonywaną na płaszczyźnie rozumowej oraz poprzez zgłębianie na płaszczyźnie wiary przesłania moralnego, płynącego z objawienia chrześcijańskiego, a wyjaśnianego i głoszonego przez nauczanie Kościoła.
Dylematy etyczne dotyczące badań prenatalnych prowadzonych w Polsce
Authors: Kućko Wojciech
Published: January 2020

Diagnostyka prenatalna, rozwijana w medycynie od lat 60. XX w. i praktykowana w Polsce od lat 70. ubiegłego wieku, to zespół procedur diagnostycznych, pozwalających na stwierdzenie patologii embrionu lub płodu przed narodzeniem. Celem artykułu jest analiza dylematów bioetycznych diagnostyki prenatalnej w kontekście polskim, w świetle bioetyki personalistycznej o założeniu ontologicznym. W sposób szczególny zostają rozważone dylematy etyczne, dotyczące osób związanych z diagnozą prenatalną: nienarodzonego dziecka, rodziców i lekarza. W artykule zostaje podjęte rozgraniczenie między diagnostyką prenatalną i preimplantacyjną, jak również ocena moralna dobrego celu terapeutycznego diagnostyki prenatalnej, w odróżnieniu od celu złego celu, jakim może być aborcja.
Synthesis and catalytic properties of nickel salts of Keggin-type heteropolyacids embedded metal-organic framework hybrid nanocatalyst
Authors: Zhang Qiuyun , Ling Dan , Lei Dandan , Deng Taoli , Zhang Yutao , Ma Peihua
Published: January 2020

Nickel salts of Keggin-type heteropolyacid on Zr(IV)-based metal-organic frameworks (UiO-66) has been synthesized via ion-exchange followed by a facile one-pot hydrothermal method. The synthesized catalysts underwent FT-IR, N2 adsorption-desorption, powder XRD, SEM and TEM analysis. The NiHSiW/UiO-66 catalyst was used as a new and effective solid acid in the catalytic transfer free fatty acid to biodiesel with an optimum conversion of 86.7%. The excellent activity of the NiHSiW/UiO-66 nanocatalyst was closely related to its high specific surface area, nano-sized catalyst, and the synergistic effects of NiHSiW salts and UiO-66 matrix. Importantly, a relatively stable catalytic performance was achieved for 8 repeated cycles. Finally, kinetics of the esterification reaction have been assumed to be of pseudo first order.
Removal mechanism of phosphorus by carbothermic reduction of steel slag
Authors: Xue Yuekai , Li Chenxiao , Zhou Chaogang , Zhao Dingguo , Wang Shuhuan
Published: January 2020

The high-P content in steel slag limits its utilization in the next heats of steelmaking. In this work, P2O5-containing slag was reduced by carbon at high temperatures with flowing N2. The P-containing substances in the off-gas were collected after water cooling. Both XRD analysis and thermodynamic calculations indicate that the gas produced by P2O5 reduction is mainly composed of P2. The actual reduction Gibbs free energy of P2O5 is less than that of FeO; while the reduction rate of FeO is higher than that of P2O5 due to the good kinetic conditions and the low activation energy. The reduction of P2O5 agrees well with the second-order reaction, whose reduction rate is controlled by the mass transfer in the slag. The reduction of FeO agrees well with the first-order reaction, whose reduction rate is mainly controlled by the interface chemical reaction.
Evaluation of Irreversibility and Optimal Organization of an Integrated Multi-Stream Heat Exchange System
Authors: Boykov Sergey Yurevish , Andresen Biarne , Akhremenkov Andrey Aleksandrobish , Tsirlin Anatoly Mixaylovich
Published: January 2020

This work proposes a structure synthesis and surface distribution algorithm in a heat exchange system for the case when all heat capacity rates and inlet temperatures of the hot streams are constant, while cold streams also have outlet temperatures set. The algorithm includes the possibility of changing the phase state of the contacting streams. The synthesis is based on minimization of dissipation for a given total heat load in the form of minimum total contact surface area, which again correlates with the cost of the heat exchange system. The proposed algorithm can be considered to follow a thermodynamic rationale and as development of pinch analysis.
Food reward and gut-brain signalling
Authors: Edwin Thanarajah Sharmili , Tittgemeyer Marc
Published: January 2020

The increasing availability of ultra-processed, energy dense food is contributing to the spread of the obesity pandemic, which is a serious health threat in today’s world. One possible cause for this association arises from the fact that the brain is wired to derive pleasure from eating. Specifically, food intake activates reward pathways involving dopamine receptor signalling. The reinforcing value of specific food items results from the interplay between taste and nutritional properties. Increasing evidence suggests that nutritional value is sensed in the gut by chemoreceptors in the intestinal tract and the hepatic portal vein, and conveyed to the brain through neuronal and endocrine pathways to guide food selection behaviour. Ultra-processed food is designed to potentiate the reward response through a combination of high fat and high sugar, therebye seeming highly appetizing. There is increasing evidence that overconsumption of processed food distorts normal reward signalling, leading to compulsive eating behaviour and obesity. Hence, it is essential to understand food reward and gut-brain signalling to find an effective strategy to combat the obesity pandemic.
Binary solvent systems for durable self-adhesive conductive hydrogels
Authors: Wu Yunxuan , Li Jie , Jin Yangfu , Zhou Mi
Published: January 2020

Conductive hydrogels without adhesiveness and durability characteristics face great challenges in practical applications, such as inconvenient use, unstable contact voltage, and difficult to store. Herein, we present sodium polyacrylate (PAANa) hydrogels with binary solvent systems composed of water and an alcohol [ethylene glycol (EG), glycerol (GLY), or poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)] as solvent instead of traditional water to research their self-adhesiveness, durability, conductivity, and mechanical properties. PAANa hydrogels exhibited higher self-adhesive properties and durability after alcohol content increased, and GLY/water hydrogels showed the best self-adhesive and stable properties. With more alcohols added, the weaker conductivity became, and EG/water hydrogels showed the highest conductivity. It was observed the long carbon chain length of alcohol could help improve the rheological properties of hydrogels. Thus, PEG/water hydrogels had the highest storage modulus, loss modulus, and consistency. The results demonstrated that the GLY/water binary solvent could provide good self-adhesiveness and durability, but EG/water and PEG/water showed better conductivity and mechanical properties, respectively. Therefore, our work may provide novel physical insights into the long-term usage of self-adhesive conductive hydrogels to practical requirements.
Composite proton exchange membranes produced using chitosan and kaolin solvent-free fluid
Authors: Huang Chun-Chun , Rwei Syang-Peng , Huang Yun-Shao , Shu Yao-Chi
Published: January 2020

In this study, composite membranes produced by combining both biopolymer chitosan (CS) and kaolin solvent-free fluid (kaolin-SF) were used as substitutes for the electrolyte membranes in direct-methanol fuel cells. To improve the interfacial morphologies between organic and inorganic substances, kaolin-SF was prepared using the ion exchange method. Subsequently, kaolin-SF of various doping proportions was mixed with CS crosslinked with sulfuric acid to produce thin membranes. The results of heat exhaustion and scanning electron microscope image analysis indicated that kaolin-SF was successfully doped into the CS polymer substrates, and this addition enhanced the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the CS polymer substrates. As long as the concentration of kaolin-SF was below 5 wt.%, the water absorption rate and proton conductivity of the CS/kaolin-SF composite membranes increased along with the kaolin-SF content. These results indicate that CS/kaolin-SF composite membranes are suitable for practical applications.
The Effects of Enforcement on Corporate Environmental Performance: The Role of Perceived Fairness
Authors: Earnhart Dietrich , Harrington Donna Ramirez , Glicksman Robert
Published: January 2020

Several empirical studies explore the effects of regulatory enforcement on environmental behavior and performance. Within this literature, extremely little empirical research examines the role of fairness, which we interpret broadly to include multiple dimensions, e. g. similar treatment of similarly situated regulated entities. Our study empirically examines the effect of perceived enforcement fairness on the extent of compliance with wastewater limits imposed on chemical manufacturing facilities regulated under the Clean Water Act. Our study also explores the influence of perceived fairness on the effectiveness of enforcement efforts – government inspections and enforcement actions – at inducing better compliance. For our analysis, we use a subjective measure of the degree of “fair treatment” of regulated facilities by environmental regulators, as perceived by facilities and reported as survey responses. Results reveal that a more (perceived) fair enforcement approach raises compliance, but only under limited enforcement conditions; in most instances, perceived more fair enforcement lowers compliance. As important, results show that greater perceived fairness improves the effectiveness of federal inspections and informal enforcement, but undermines the effectiveness of state inspections and formal non-penalty enforcement.
Lithuanian–Latvian Local Border Traffic, 1919–1939
Authors: Nekrašas Leonas
Published: January 2020

Today, both Lithuania and Latvia are part of the Schengen Area, which means their citizens can freely travel between these states. The situation was different during the interwar years: the border between these Baltic Republics was strictly guarded, and traveling abroad was more complex. However, the order crossing for local residents of the border area was simplified by the local border traffic regime agreed upon by both countries. This paper aims to explore the evolution of Lithuanian-Latvian local border traffic policy in the interwar period and its impact on locals (primarily on Lithuania’s side). In the first few years after the establishment of the new states, border crossings for residents of Lithuania’s border area were regulated by internal state legislation. Initially, people were devastated by the requirement to cross the border only at sparsely placed border crossing points, the restrictions on trade, and the radical reduction of the border area. After the peaceful settlement of the Lithuanian-Latvian border in 1921, newly signed bilateral treaties began to solve the crucial problems of the locals. However, there were instances of bilateral friction and various incidents; authoritarian state structures also had reservations based on the issue of potentially unfavorable foreign influences. The breakthrough in the diplomatic relations between Lithuania and Latvia in the 1930s saw a new level of liberalization of the local border traffic policy. A positive impact was widely felt among the locals. However, certain economic concerns made this new policy short-lived. In the interwar years, grievances and discontent toward the new border relations were gradually replaced by acceptance and adaptation. Bilateral cooperation made it possible to react to and suit the needs of the people. The overall Lithuanian-Latvian local border traffic regime showed a tendency of liberalization over time, a process which was curtailed by certain political and economic realities and considerations.
O GOVERNO PROVISÓRIO DA REPÚBLICA DOS ESTADOS UNIDOS DO BRASIL EM SANTA CATARINA 1893-1894
Authors: P. Corrêa Carlos Humberto
Published: January 2020

A Importância dos acontecimentos de 1893 para Santa Catarina e Brasil. A Revolução Federalista , a Revolta da Armada, o ambiente político catarinense, a instalação do Governo revolucionário, o ministério, a Guarda Nacional, os representantes no Uruguai e na Argentina, as visitas de Gumercindo Saraiva, Piragibe, Jaques Ouriques e Custódio de Mello, a Junta Governativa, o Tribunal de Relação transformado em Superior Tribunal de Justiça, a deposição de Lorena, o fim do Governo.