bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Társadalmi beágyazottságból eredő konfliktusok egészségügyi szervezetekben
Authors: Vilmányi Márton , Hetesi Erzsébet , Tarjányi Margit
Published: December 2020

Tanulmányukban a szerzők az egészségügyi intézmények hálózati kapcsolatait vizsgálták. Interjúsorozat segítségével kutatták, hogy egy magyarországi egyetem egészségügyi szervezeti egységei milyen hálózatokban vesznek részt és e hálózatokban való részvétel hogyan befolyásolja működésüket. Több területre kiterjedő vizsgálatukból jelenleg a felmerülő konfliktusokat elemzik. Kutatásukban rávilágítanak arra, hogy egyetemi klinikák esetében a konfliktusok nem vezethetők le a hálózati együttműködésekből, hanem egy tágabb kontextusban kell vizsgálni őket. Kutatásuk eredményei alapján a hálózati komplexitás az egészségügyi intézményeknél a konfliktusok három típusát eredményezi: szervezetirányításhoz kapcsolódó konfliktusok, szervezeti folyamatokban felmerülő konfliktusok és személyes konfliktusok. Ezek a típusok összhangban állnak a szakirodalmi következtetésekkel, de érdekes eredmény, hogy a szervezetirányítási és a folyamatokhoz kapcsolódó konfliktusokat elsősorban az egészségügyi intézmény szakmai egységeinek vezetői említették, míg a gazdasági felső vezetők, illetve a támogató egységek vezetői mindhárom kategóriában felmerülő konfliktusok jellegzetességeit észlelték. Meglepő továbbá, hogy új, a szakirodalomban eddig nem azonosított konfliktustípusokat (stratégiai, felelősségi és karrierkonfliktusok) sikerült feltárni.
Estudo econométrico dos efeitos da disponibilidade de crédito na demanda por transporte aéreo no Brasil
Authors: Carvalho Maria Catarina Torres de , Oliveira Bruno F. , Oliveira Alessandro V. M.
Published: December 2020

A maior disponibilidade de crédito tem o potencial efeito de fomentar o consumo em uma economia, pelo menos a curto e médio prazos. No caso do transporte aéreo, pode estimular os parcelamentos de passagens aéreas, atraindo os gastos de extratos de consumidores de renda mais baixa, além de alavancar um número maior de viagens por parte do público tradicional. Adicionalmente, as empresas e corporações nacionais, com capital de giro potencialmente maior, em teoria podem dispender mais em viagens corporativas. O presente trabalho desenvolve uma modelagem empírica para testar o impacto na demanda por transporte aéreo da maior concessão de crédito na economia brasileira do final dos anos 2000. Utilizando dados estatísticos obtidos junto à Agência Nacional de Aviação Civil, montou-se um painel de dados com pares de cidades brasileiras para estimar um modelo econométrico de demanda por viagens aéreas, utilizando um estimador de variáveis instrumentais. Com esse modelo, testou-se diretamente a hipótese de efeito da disponibilidade de crédito na economia local como um dos fatores explicativos da demanda da aviação comercial brasileira no período.
Caracterização de padrões de deslocamentos urbanos em Fortaleza com a utilização de dados de redes sociais georreferenciadas
Authors: De Oliveira Sameque Farias Cunha , Uchôa da Silva Carlos Augusto
Published: December 2020

Técnicas tradicionais para a obtenção de dados sobre mobilidade vêm sofrendo um processo de defasagem. Nesse cenário, técnicas alternativas, de baixo custo e capazes de incorporar as dinamicidades desses padrões de deslocamentos, têm se mostrado atrativas. Dentre elas, podem ser citadas as bases de dados, provenientes de redes sociais, baseadas em localização. Portanto, o objetivo principal deste trabalho foi a elaboração de um método para caracterizar padrões de mobilidade em Fortaleza com a utilização de dados do Twitter e Instagram. O método proposto possibilitou a atribuição de viagens a partir dos check-ins, identificando os pares OD. Além disso, foi sugerido um método de caracterização socioeconômica dos indivíduos, através de uma regressão espacial. Os resultados indicam que o método foi eficaz na identificação de padrões de deslocamento de pessoas de média e alta renda, principalmente de viagens por motivo lazer. No entanto, uma das limitações mais visíveis deste trabalho é o fato de ele não ter sido capaz de representar o comportamento da população de renda mais baixa na cidade de Fortaleza.
Mechanistic evaluation of a monitored pavement constructed with asphalt surface treatment
Authors: Santos Hebert Oliveira , De Rezende Lilian Ribeiro
Published: December 2020

Este artigo objetiva apresentar os resultados preliminares de um trecho monitorados em Goiás, incorporando análises mecanicistas de modo a contribuir com o banco de dados de materiais, tecnologias e desempenho de um pavimento asfáltico executado com Tratamento Superficial Duplo (TSD). Para isso, nesta pesquisa foram realizados ensaios laboratoriais com os materiais em termos de caracterização, comportamento mecânico e resiliente dos componentes de cada camada, verificando também o comportamento do cascalho melhorado com cimento em três teores diferentes. A seção de teste do pavimento foi monitorada durante a execução e até 6 meses após liberação do tráfego, por meio da determinação das deflexões, das macro e microtexturas, da medida da trilha de roda, da avaliação do tráfego e da identificação dos defeitos aparentes. O dimensionamento do TSD também foi avaliado. As tensões e deformações desenvolvidas ao longo das camadas foram obtidas e os módulos de campo determinados por meio de retroanálise. Os resultados mostraram ganho de desempenho mecânico com a adição de cimento no cascalho, falhas na execução, surgimento precoce de patologias, elevadas deformações nas camadas inferiores à base e superdimensionamento de emulsão no TSD.
Estimation of the effect of motorcycles on the capacity of signalized intersections
Authors: Torquato Roberto Matheus Nunes , Maciel Matheus Souza Carvalho , De Castro-Neto Manoel Mendonça
Published: December 2020

O objetivo principal deste artigo é estimar e avaliar o efeito das motocicletas em intersecções semaforizadas. Para isso, foram coletadas variáveis que representam a presença de motocicletas na frente do primeiro veículo na fila, entre os veículos longitudinalmente e entre veículos lateralmente (na faixa virtual). Os resultados mostram que o efeito médio de uma motocicleta posicionada à frente ou entre veículos no tempo perdido inicial está entre 0.3 e 0.7s. No entanto, não houve evidência de que motocicletas na faixa virtual afeta a descarga da fila de veículos. Em relação aos headways de saturação, os resultados indicam que uma motocicleta na frente de um veículo aumenta seu headway de descarga em 0.7 s, um aumento de 30%. Um aumento de 10% na proporção de motocicletas diminui o fluxo de saturação em cerca de 60 veh/h. O fator de equivalência de carros de passeio para motocicletas obtido neste estudo foi de 0.21, considerando apenas as motocicletas posicionadas longitudinalmente entre veículos.
Effects of drivers evasive behavior on the placement of automated enforcement equipment in highway systems
Authors: Franceschi Lucas , Otto Gustavo Garcia , Kaesemodel Luciano , Valente Amir Mattar
Published: December 2020

A localização de equipamentos de fiscalização em rodovias é um problema de interesse para várias entidades responsáveis pela manutenção da infraestrutura viária e fiscalização das leis de trânsito. É possível que nesse tipo de situação os veículos busquem ativamente evadir à fiscalização, para manter o lucro associado ao trânsito ilegal ou para evitar as punições da lei. Caso esse efeito não seja considerado nas etapas de planejamento dos sistemas de fiscalização, os transportadores podem facilmente evitar a fiscalização através de aplicativos de planejamento de rotas. Este trabalho procura investigar como tal comportamento evasivo altera a forma com que os equipamentos de fiscalização devem ser localizados na malha rodoviária. Primeiramente, realiza-se uma revisão de como esse problema vem sendo resolvido na literatura, e após isso são realizados experimentos numéricos com um dos principais modelos matemáticos utilizados. Os resultados mostram que a consideração matemática do comportamento de evasão não aumenta de forma expressiva o número de equipamentos que devem ser instalados na malha, mas otimiza a sua localização para que sejam capturados todos os caminhos possíveis para cada par origem-destino (dentro de uma distância máxima de desvio em relação ao menor caminho). Caso o planejamento seja feito sem a consideração da evasão e os veículos apresentem essa tendência, a fiscalização pode ser inefetiva. Por outro lado, caso no planejamento seja considerada uma tendência à evasão maior que a real, todos os veículos serão monitorados com sucesso pelos pontos de monitoramento, sem haver aumento expressivo no custo de implantação.
Evaluation of database balancing techniques for road accident severity classification employing Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Chuerubim Maria Lígia , Ferreira Leonardo N. , Valejo Alan D.B. , Bezerra Bárbara Stolte , Marotta Giuliano Sant'Anna , Da Silva Irineu
Published: December 2020

Uma característica inerente aos bancos de dados de acidentes rodoviários refere-se ao desequilíbrio existente entre o número de observações associadas às ocorrências dos acidentes com vítimas fatais e não fatais, em relação aos acidentes sem vítimas. Essa particularidade conduz à necessidade da aplicação de técnicas de balanceamento, que possibilitam a reamostragem de classes e atributos. Assim, assegura-se que não haja um super ajuste dos dados em problemas de classificação. Este trabalho investigou a influência de diferentes métodos de balanceamento como undersampling, oversampling e SMOTE no processo de classificação da severidade de acidentes rodoviários pela abordagem de Redes Neurais Artificiais. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o balanceamento proporciona um ganho significativo na taxa de acerto da classificação das classes minoritárias. Verifica-se um melhor ajuste do classificador ao modelo e o ganho na qualidade e acurácia do processo de classificação, principalmente, quando são utilizadas técnicas de sobre amostragem como a SMOTE.
Convolutional neural networks performance evaluation applied to automated pavement crack detection
Authors: Dalla Rosa Francisco , Favretto Laura Dall'Igna , Rodrigues Vítor Borba , Gharaibeh Nasir G.
Published: December 2020

Neste artigo é avaliado o potencial de Redes Neurais Convolucionais (RNC) como ferramenta automatizada para detecção de trincas em superfícies de pavimentos. Foram utilizadas fotografias da superfície de diferentes segmentos de um pavimento do tipo Cheapseal, obtidas a partir de câmeras fotográficas montadas em veículos. As imagens foram avaliadas a partir da proposta do uso de duas arquiteturas de redes neurais convolutionais e implementadas com o auxílio da biblioteca de aprendizado de máquina PyTorch, o qual possui código aberto e disponível na forma de script em linguagem Python. As imagens foram processadas com o uso de três técnicas diferentes, com o intuito de avaliar a influência da complexidade dos algoritmos propostos. Para análise da performance da rede neural, foram utilizadas como métricas de avaliação a acurácia, a precisão, o recall e o F1 score. Os resultados apontaram que a arquitetura da rede neural escolhida apresentou desempenho satisfatório na detecção de trincas, bem como indicam que a complexidade da rede é um dos fatores a ser considerado durante o processo de classificação das imagens.
Reconceptualizing international mindedness in and for a posthuman world
Authors: Barratt Hacking Elisabeth , Taylor Carol A.
Published: December 2020

This article offers a novel foray into international mindedness and posthuman theory. International mindedness underpins the International Baccalaureate’s aim to achieve a better and more peaceful world. However, in a global context of planetary emergency and widening inequalities, it seems imperative to rethink international mindedness within a posthumanist frame, that is, beyond anthropocentric notions of education that privilege human exceptionalism. The reconceptualization of international mindedness as relational becoming is illuminated through five theoretical propositions which are illustrated empirically using ‘material moments’. Relational becoming rejects mind and body binaries, affirms nonhuman–human assemblages, enables distributed agency, enacts ethics of response-ability and engages with past and present entanglements. ‘Posthumanizing’ international mindedness, through the concept of relational becoming, prompts more nuanced insights into educational privilege, nation-states, globalism and enduring colonialist inheritances.
Religion als diskursive Formation
Authors: Peters Ludmila
Published: December 2020

Religion ist gegenwärtig ein breit diskutiertes und kontroverses Thema, das in unterschiedlichen Formen Eingang in die deutschsprachige Literatur gefunden hat. Aus einer diskurstheoretischen Perspektive - ausgehend von Michel Foucault, Ernesto Laclau und Chantal Mouffe - befragt Ludmila Peters Texte von Patrick Roth, Navid Kermani und Benjamin Stein auf die literarische Verarbeitung von Religion. Der diskurstheoretische Blick führt Überlegungen zu Religion und Kultur, aber auch Ästhetik und Gesellschaft zusammen. Von hier aus lassen sich die Romane als literarisch-ästhetische Störungen des dominanten säkularen Diskurses lesen - als Plädoyer für eine Öffnung zum Irrationalen.
Mobiles Altern
Authors: Kosnick Kira
Published: December 2020

Kira Kosnick untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen den grenzüberschreitenden Pendelpraxen von Rentnern und Rentnerinnen und deren sozialen Netzwerken im Kontext von Pflege- und Unterstützungsleistungen zwischen der Türkei und Deutschland. Eine wachsende Zahl von SeniorInnen aus Deutschland, mit und ohne türkischen Migrationshintergrund, nutzt touristische Orte in der Türkei als temporäre Ruhesitze. In zwei Teilstudien wurden ausgehend vom türkischen Küstenort Alanya die Pendelpraxen und Carenetzwerke von sowohl herkunftsdeutschen als auch deutsch-türkischen SeniorInnen multimethodisch beforscht. Der Beitrag begründet die Zielsetzung, für beide Gruppen vergleichend zu verstehen, für welche Menschen im Ruhestand eine grenzüberschreitende Lebensführung realisierbar ist, Gründe und Motivationen zu klären und herauszuarbeiten, wie Formen von Pflege und Unterstützung in transnationalen Netzwerken zirkulieren.
Widerständige Nostalgie
Authors: Kandioler Nicole
Published: December 2020

Die westeuropäische Filmgeschichtsschreibung des Kalten Krieges lässt sich neu lesen, wenn man gängige Rezeptionsweisen osteuropäischer Kinematographien durch überraschende filmische Vergleiche (Double Features) unterläuft. Nicole Kandioler ermöglicht neuartige Einblicke in osteuropäische Film- und Fernsehkulturen, indem sie Double Features von Filmen und TV-Produktionen aus Tschechien, der Tschechoslowakei, Österreich, Deutschland und Polen von 1965 bis 2013 nach ihrem affektiv-reflexiven Potential, einschlägige Kanonisierungen zu destabilisieren, befragt. Beispiele für Double Features widerständiger Nostalgie sind Milos Formans Lieben einer Blondine (CSSR 1965) und Vladimír Moráveks Sex in Brno (CR 2003) oder Krzysztof Kieslowskis Filmamateur (PL 1979) und Iwona Sierkierzynskas Meine Brathühner (PL 2002).
Innovative Popular Science Communication? Materiality, Aesthetics, and Gender in Science Slams
Authors: Hill Miira
Published: December 2020

This paper is about the communicative construction (Knoblauch 1995, 2017) of science communication in a popular genre called science slam, more precisely, within the context of the materiality, aesthetics and gender. In Science Slams, we can observe how popular scientists position themselves. Although seeing the success of female performances (for example Giulia Enders) might lead us to hope for new norms of gender, technical jargon, and visual practices in scientific communication, these hopes are not wholly fulfilled in the Science Slam genre. Our empirical observations (ethnography, video analysis, interviews) have shown that, even if the new genre seems to enable all kinds of revisionist representations of science for men, women remain silent and invisible. Although the technical jargon and visual practices of Science Slammers is quite different from that used in university lectures, marginalization of gender, among other groups, remains an issue. Drawing on typical tropes of patriarchal societies, successful Science Slams women are presented as objects of desire, hardworking assistants, or aunts, mothers, and grandmothers. In this way, the Science Slam could be understood as expression of a still problematic gender relation in science.
In Deutschland überflüssig?
Authors: Halder Winfrid
Published: December 2020

Winfrid Halder wendet sich in seinem Beitrag der gescheiterten Remigration Alfred Döblins (1878-1957) in das politisch gespaltene Nachkriegsdeutschland zu. Döblin war spätestens nach dem Erscheinen des Romans »Berlin Alexanderplatz« (1929) einer der bekanntesten zeitgenössischen Schriftsteller in Deutschland. Als NS-Gegner jüdischer Herkunft musste er sogleich 1933 fliehen. Nach schwierigen Emigrationsjahren in Frankreich und den USA war Döblin im November 1945 einer der ersten prominenten Emigranten, die nach Deutschland zurückkehrten. Er hegte große Hoffnungen, mit seinen im Exil entstandenen Werken wieder literarische Wirkung entfalten zu können, wurde jedoch bitter enttäuscht. Ende April 1953 verließ er die junge Bundesrepublik Deutschland und ging wieder nach Frankreich. Der Beitrag beleuchtet die Gründe dafür, dass der einst gefeierte Autor im Nachkriegsdeutschland zwischen allen Stühlen saß.
Les propositions du président Macron relatives à l'Union économique et monétaire
Authors: Germain Jérôme
Published: December 2020

Les déséquilibres constitutifs de la zone euro oblige à poursuivre l'intégration vers l'union budgétaire afin qu'un gouvernement économique puisse préserver la cohérence de l'Union économique et européenne et éviter son implosion.
Landbahnhöfe
Authors: Frölich-Kulik Maria
Published: December 2020

Landbahnhöfe förderten Modernisierung, Beschleunigung und Mobilität. Sie galten als Eingangstore von Orten und fungierten als Zugang zur Welt, kurz: Sie waren Schnittstellen zwischen Stadt und Land. Gegenwärtig kämpfen viele ländliche Regionen mit Abwanderung, mangelnder Versorgung und dem Rückbau von Infrastrukturen. Die Situation der Landbahnhöfe steht hier paradigmatisch für repräsentative Gebäude, die leer stehen und verfallen. In einer zunehmend vernetzten Gesellschaft bilden sie ungenutzte Ressourcen. Anhand einer Neufokussierung und Neuaneignung ihrer architektonischen, räumlichen und strukturellen Potenziale entwickelt Maria Frölich-Kulik Umnutzungsstrategien, die eine nachhaltige Landschaftsentwicklung fördern.
Autorisierte Translator*innen und un_übersetzte Subjekte Rekrutierungsformen des Gebärdensprachdolmetschens in der Geschichte
Authors: Grbic Nadja
Published: December 2020

Der Beitrag wirft einen Blick in die Geschichte des Gebärdensprachdolmetschens in Österreich und geht zum einen der Frage nach, wer was aus welchem Interesse und mit welcher Befugnis dolmetschte und was unübersetzt blieb, und zum anderen der Frage, welchen Einfluss das »Amt des Translators« auf die Konstruktion von Gehörlosigkeit und Gebärdensprache hatte. Diese Fragen sollen anhand zweier historischer Rekrutierungssysteme von Gebärdensprachdolmetscher*innen diskutiert werden: das staatlich organisierte Dolmetschwesen in der späten Habsburgermonarchie und das Rekrutierungssystem der Gehörlosenorganisationen, das nach dem 1. Weltkrieg einsetzte. In Zusammenhang mit der Diskussion dieser Fragen werden des Weiteren zwei Denkfiguren entwickelt, jene des autorisierten Translators, dem weitreichende Machtbefugnisse zukommen, und jene des un_übersetzten Subjekts, mit dem das Dasein Gehörloser zwischen übersetzt und nicht übersetzt gefasst wird, mit sämtlichen Spannungen, die sich zwischen diesen beiden Polen nicht zuletzt daher ergeben, dass Gehörlose dauerhaft auf Translation angewiesen sind.
Sensing and Making Sense
Authors: Lautenschlaeger Graziele
Published: December 2020

Through a genealogy of photosensitive elements in media devices and artworks, this book investigates three dichotomies that impoverish debates and proposals in media art: material/immaterial, organic/machinic, and theory/practice. It combines historical and analytical approaches, through new materialism, media archaeology, cultural techniques and second-order cybernetics. Known media stories are reframed from an alternative perspective, elucidating photosensitivity as a metonymy to provide guidelines to art students, artists, curators and theoreticians - especially those who are committed to critical views of scientific and technological knowledge in aesthetic experimentations.
Open Access, Open Data, Open Software?
Authors: Schlicht Helene
Published: December 2020

The following article addresses the implementation of Open Science principles in the research landscape of the humanities in general and Digital Humanities in particular. After shortly discussing the relationship between the humanities and Digital Humanities, it goes into what constitutes Open Science principles and why their implementation should be in the interest of (humanities) scholars, using the example of Open Access, the aspect of Open Science that has been implemented and regulated most widely to date. Open Science principles, if taken seriously, determine the priorities in tool development and usage in a way that makes, e.g., inclusivity, openness and fairness an imperative. This change of focus in tool development has a profound impact on digital practices. Digital Practices in the humanities by far exceed what we now call Digital Humanities, but, as this article aims to show, the discourses and questions prevalent in Digital Humanities can be of aid when addressing the questions the humanities have to solve in reflecting on and understanding the change of research practices through digitalization. The research landscape of Digital Humanities and the humanities differs in some decisive points due to different focal points and challenges that have to be faced. The frictions this causes can be made productive by initiating meta-reflections on the shape of the humanities to come.
Challenging the Copia
Authors: Heyder Joris Corin
Published: December 2020

This paper offers a proposal how to cope with the »copia«, the richness of undigitized material, given that not only time but also resources are limited. The sketched project is dedicated to more than 550 scanned but undigitized items of eighteenth-century magazines and treatises on art connoisseurship containing an average of 300 pages.
Text Mining, Travel Writing, and the Semantics of the Global
Authors: Peters Christine
Published: December 2020

The following paper uses text mining tools to analyze the specific ways in which Alexander von Humboldt engages with the world and the global in his travel writing. It focuses on Herman Hauff's influential German translation of the »Relation Historique« (1814 ff.), the »Reise in die Aequinoktial-Gegenden des neuen Kontinents« (1859). The paper proceeds from the assumption that we can indeed gain some further insight into how Humboldt's travel writing engages with the world by identifying a set of relevant lexical features throughout a relatively small-sized corpus. Using AntConc as a concordancing and text analysis toolkit, the paper argues for the interpretative productivity of combining »distant« reading methods with a more traditional »close« reading approach. The analysis shows that Humboldt's travel writing does not so much engage with the global on a lexical level - the lexical layout of the text displays a strong focus on regional space - but rather creates a global perspective by means of comparative and relational text strategies. The results also point towards the different ways in which different genres and texts can engage with the global: Whereas the travelogue engages with the global in a rather implicit way, other texts such as Humboldt's Kosmos address the world in its totality on an explicit lexical level.
Denken im Tanz
Authors: Otto Leonie
Published: December 2020

Was heißt Denken? Leonie Otto verfolgt diese Frage anhand eines Korpus aus der Philosophie Martin Heideggers und deren Dekonstruktion durch Jacques Derrida, Jean-Luc Nancy und Hannah Arendt sowie aus Choreographien Laurent Chétouanes, Philipp Gehmachers und Fabrice Mazliahs für die Forsythe Company. Ihr ebenso philosophischer wie produktionsbezogener Ansatz analysiert die Wechselwirkung von Theorie und künstlerischer Praxis und hinterfragt dabei die Dichotomie von Körper und Denken. Davon profitiert nicht nur die Tanzwissenschaft - auch andere Bereiche erfahren hier, dass Denken sich nicht allein in Begriffen, sondern in verschiedenen Medien abspielen kann.
Digitale 3D-Objekte
Authors: Niklaus Maria
Published: December 2020

Versteckt, verstaubt, vergessen? - Digitale 3D-Objekte bieten die Chance, wissenschaftliche Objekte und Bestände an Universitäten, Hochschulen und Museen sichtbar zu machen, jedoch bleiben diese ohne Kontextualisierung und ausführliche Erläuterung oft »stumm«. Der Beitrag nimmt den Aspekt der Forschung mit digitalen Objekten in den Fokus. Mit einem Blick auf die Methoden der 3D-Digitalisisierung und deren Erzeugnisse werden original Objekt, 3D-Digitalisat sowie 3D-Modell und 3D-Rekonstruktion voneinander abgegrenzt. Im nachfolgenden werden Limitationen von digitalen Objekten anhand mehrerer Beispiele (mit Fokus auf das Digitalisierungsprojekt Gyrolog) aufgezeigt, u.a. im Datenintegrationsprozess (3D-Digitalisat) und Erstellungsprozess von AR-Applikationen (3D-Modelle). Der Beitrag schließt mit einem Aufruf zur Dokumentation der Produktionsverfahren und einen Ausblick auf Nutzungspotenziale von digitalen Objekten.
RADICALIZACIÓN POLÍTICA EN EL CAMPO DE LA DERECHA.
Authors: Carnagui Juan
Published: December 2020

El recorrido realizado por la CNU desde sus orígenes, en 1965, hasta que el último grupo activo de la organización fue desactivado, en abril de 1976, permite visualizar el camino que la llevó de la militancia universitaria en la “nueva derecha” peronista a la represión paraestatal. A lo largo de este artículo se analizan, desde una perspectiva local, los elementos que permitieron dicho tránsito en una clave que combina las particularidades propias de la organización con el impacto del proceso de radicalización política característico de la época, que repercutió, también, en la tradición de derecha. A su vez, buscamos poner de relieve el peculiar modo mediante el cual la CNU se incorporó al entramado represivo paraestatal. Lejos de proponer una generalización a partir de esta experiencia, este trabajo pretende complejizar la trama de actores de la época, permitiendo, al tiempo, visualizar las peculiaridades locales de las acciones represivas desarrolladas por el grupo.
Nurses' compliance to patient and environmental safety guidelines in critical care units
Authors: Aly Abd Elhamid Eman , Ezz Eldin Abdallah Nehad , Mohamed Abd Elrahman Safaa
Published: December 2020

The ability to provide safe and high-quality care to patients is the primary goal and the focus for many health care providers. Guidelines can be used to reduce adverse event in practice and to promote the delivery of high quality and evidence-based health care. The aim of the study to investigate nurses' compliance to patient and environmental safety guidelines in critical care units. Descriptive research design was utilized to achieve the aim of this study. The study was carried out at three of Minia University Hospitals in Minia city. All available nurses (n= 88) who were working in critical care units at time of data collection in the selected hospitals. An environmental and patient safety guidelines questionnaire was used to achieve the aim of this study. Results: less than two third of studied subject were not compliance to patient safety nurses', while nurses complied to environmental safety with 62.5% in critical care units; also, there is highly statistical significance between departments and nurses' compliance to patient safety. Thus, it was concluded that less than two third of studied subject were not compliance to patient safety. As well as environmental safety in critical care units was appropriate with 62.5% in critical care units. Recommendations: Staff development programs for nurses working in critical care units related to patient and environmental safety as well as ensuring that the organizationâ€™s annual budget includes adequate resources to implement and evaluate health and safety activities.Â Â
Relationship of fear and fatalism with breast cancer screening among women using health belief model
Authors: Amin Hassan Fahmy Elsaba Howaida , Samir Ahmed Abd El-Maksoud Amal
Published: December 2020

Despite the potential benefits of screening in discovering breast cancer, many women still do not follow recommended screening regimens. Fear of cancer detection and fatalistic beliefs were identified by previous studies as the main reasons given by women for noncompliance with breast cancer screening. The aim of this descriptive study is to explore relationship of fear and fatalism with breast cancer screening among a convenience sample of 136 women recruited during their visit to the Gynecology Clinic at the Maternity University Hospital in Alexandria, Egypt. The study tool consists of four parts: (1) Bio-sociodemographic information; (2) Champion Breast Cancer Fear Scale (CBCFS); (3) Powe Fatalism Inventory (PFI); (4) abridged version of the Champion Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS). The findings revealed that only 3.7% and 14.7% of women practiced regular breast self-examination and had previously had mammography, respectively. Negative correlations were found between fatalism and health beliefs; and between fear and health belief. A positive correlation was found between fatalism and fear. The findings of this study add some experimental support for the relationships between fear, fatalism, and breast cancer screening behavior.Â Â
ENTREPRENEURIAL ENVIRONMENT AS AN ANTECEDENT OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ ENTREPRENEURSHIP INTENTIONS
Authors:   Tshwane University of Technology, Ebewo Patrick Ebong , Nesamvuni Alufheli Edgar
Published: December 2020

The primary purpose of the study was to develop a model for measuring entrepreneurship intentions among university art students. Therefore, the study investigated and attempted to answer the following question: To what extent does entrepreneurial environment affect the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention (Attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control? A sample of 150 graduates from the Arts and Design programme took part in the study and data collected was analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The results provide evidence that subjective norm is an insignificant predictor of entrepreneurial intention compared to attitudes towards entrepreneurial behaviour and entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Perceived environment support was observed to directly relate to future Entrepreneurial Intentions and it also mediates the relationship between Perceived University Environment, Perceived Entrepreneurial Abilities and immediate Entrepreneurial Intentions. It is recommended that policymakers should consider the development of a coherent national policy framework that addresses entrepreneurship for the art/creative industries sector. Future research is recommended to fully evaluate the effectiveness of the impact that subject components in Entrepreneurship Education have on students’ attitudes towards entrepreneurship, perceived entrepreneurial abilities, and Entrepreneurial Intentions.
Language Choice Motivations in a Bribri Community in Costa Rica
Authors: Blackwood Janet
Published: December 2020

A growing body of research has been undertaken in a variety of contexts worldwide to explore language preference and use as well as the attitudes and beliefs that may impact the maintenance and revitalization of endangered languages. There has also been considerable examination of the motivations that impact second language learning and the choices speakers make regarding second language learning and use. However this research has rarely extended to exploring the motivations influencing language choices in contexts where one of the languages is an endangered mother‐tongue language. Analyzing a portion of the data gathered from a larger study on language attitudes and practices, this study explores the language choices of members of an indigenous community in Costa Rica and the motivations that appear to influence those choices. An analysis is also made of the relationship between the language choice motivations that are present and current indigenous language revitalization efforts in the community.
Seismic Inversion for the Calculation of Velocities Using the Generalized Inverse Linear Matrix, the Wave Equation, and a Non-Reflective-Boundaries Condition
Authors: Duitama Leal Alejandro , González Veloza José John Fredy , Castillo López Luis Antonio , Gil Gómez Javier Hernán , Esquivel Rodrigo Elías
Published: December 2020

Objective: this work presents the results obtained in the development of a seismic velocity inversion mo­del. The reference times recorded on the surface are taken and using the inversion model to obtain the initial reference model (hypocenters and velocities), starting from an unknown model.

 Methodology: A hypothetical reference model is pro­posed containing 64 blocks with interval velocity, 16 recording stations on the surface, and 64 earth­quakes in the center of each block. With this model, the reference arrival times are generated for each ear­thquake registered in each station. The inversion mo­del is made up of two parts: the direct model, which allows calculating the arrival times of the signal regis­tered on the surface according to the hypo-central lo­cation of the earthquake and the velocity of the P and S wave of the medium; and the inverse model, which estimates a model of the velocity of the environment and hypo-central locations of the earthquakes that are the input variables of the direct model. The direct model was developed with the wave equation, while the inverse model was developed by modifying the generalized inverse matrix by introducing a factor called “damping.”

Results: The discretization model is based on the finite difference method.. When estimating the values of velocity and hypo-central location with the inverse algorithm, the propagation of the wave is simulated with the direct model, and they are compared with the data of reference times measured on the surface. Depending on the value of the mean square error, we proceed to modify the mean velocities and hypo­centers of the earthquakes. This process is repeated iteratively until the calculated error is less than a to­lerance of 2x10-3s2.

Conclusions: It was found that the estimated values of velocity and hypo central locations coincide well for regions closer to the surface, while for deep regions the error is greater compared to the hypothetical re­ference model.
Parteipositionierung zu umstrittenen Technologien
Authors: Hartung Ulrich , Müller Jochen , Tosun Jale
Published: December 2020

Mit Blick auf die Positionierung von politischen Parteien hinsichtlich umstrittener Technologien stellt sich insbesondere die Frage, welche Bedeutung bestimmten innerparteilichen Akteuren zukommt und wie diese die Ergebnisse parteiinterner Aushandlungsprozesse beeinflussen. Um dies zu beleuchten, analysieren wir den Meinungsbildungsprozess von Bündnis 90/Die Grünen (B’90/Grüne) hinsichtlich neuer Pflanzenzüchtungstechniken wie CRISPR/Cas. Die Analyse zeigt, dass sich bestimmte Akteure für eine Neuausrichtung hinsichtlich der Verfahren einsetzen, während andere solch einen Kurswechsel klar ablehnen. Beide Seiten führen für ihre jeweilige Position zahlreiche Argumente an, die teilweise auf fundamental unterschiedlichen Haltungen basieren, etwa hinsichtlich der Bewertung von und des Umgangs mit Risiken. Dennoch gibt es Hinweise auf eine Kompromisslösung hinsichtlich der zukünftigen Positionierung von B’90/Grüne zu der umstrittenen Technologie. Für diesen Kompromiss wird eine verstärkte wissenschaftliche Technikfolgenabschätzung von zentraler Bedeutung sein.
Matching Accounting Curricula with Market Demands: A Study on the University of Rajshahi in Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain S. Z. , Haque M. A. , Rahman M. T.
Published: December 2020

The study strived to explore whether the accounting curricula of the University of Rajshahi fit the needs of both domestic and foreign job markets. To accomplish this purpose, we prepared five sets of Likert-type structured questionnaires and administered them to stakeholders viz faculties, students, alumni, non-academic staff, and employers. The Higher Education Quality Enhancement Program (HEQEP) of the University Grants Commission of Bangladesh provided the questionnaires. The study found a notable gap between the courses and content covered in the accounting curricula and the skills acquired by the graduates as well their skills and needs of the job market. The Department of Accounting and Information Systems of the University developed the accounting curricula without any participation of its stakeholders and professional body members. Faculties designed curricula, but it was just routine work. Recently it has mandatory to include a member from alumni, employers, and professionals in the curriculum committee. But they have very little freedom to exercise their rights and give inputs to a curriculum to meet the needs of the job market. Moreover, the prevailing lecture-based teaching-learning pedagogy and exam-based assessment practiced by universities expand the gap. The study recommends proper representation of stakeholders in the curricula Committee and designing market-led forward-looking curricula for accounting programs giving emphasis on information technology and taking into account the demands of the prevailing and prospective job markets.
Akademia Lubrańskiego – chluba Poznania. W 500. rocznicę fundacji
Authors: Nowicki Michał
Published: December 2020

1519 was a special year for the city of Poznań, owing to the foundation of a new school, the Lubrański Academy. It was the first school of humanities in Poland to follow the best models of Renaissance education and employed illustrious teachers like Krzysztof Hegendorfer and Benedykt Herbest. In the 16th century, the Academy was considered a rival of Krakow University; ultimately in the early 17th century, the Academy was affiliated with the University. As a result of the affiliation, the Poznań school enjoyed stability, a group of experienced teachers and a curriculum recognized by the society. The curriculum stood out in Poland by its inclusion of practical preparation for performing various political functions, especially in the field of law, and, as in other educational institutions, by preparing young people for cultural life in the country. Its relations with Krakow University also had drawbacks: during the Enlightenment reforms of the education system, the Lubrański Academy adopted a conservative and reactionary position. Despite this, the authorities managed to introduce several modern solutions, especially in the realm of teaching modern foreign languages.
Regulation of “Classic” Community-Based Charitable Organizations
Authors: Barber Putnam , Smith Steven Rathgeb
Published: December 2020

Tax-exempt organizations in the United States are, in general, required to file regular reports on their operations with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). These filings represent a significant burden for the filing organizations, are a critical source of information for many observers, and are relied upon by regulators and donors as indicators of the organizations’ commitment to achieving the wide variety of purposes for which the exemptions are granted. This paper recommends that the resources of the IRS be refocused so that greater attention can be paid to complex organizations, while the burden of preparing annual filings by simpler organization is also reduced. More generally, this paper also recommends that new attention be paid to the information collected and to its publication. It argues that the needs of the public and other regulatory agencies are not well-served by the current information and that the limitations on currently available information contribute to misunderstanding of and cynicism about the role of charitable nonprofits in American life.
Analysis of Long-Term Performance and Snowmelt Capacity of Anti-Freezing Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Wu Shujuan , Zheng Mulian , Liu Qing , Zhou Wen , Li Yifeng , Ma Zonghui
Published: December 2020

Anti-Freezing Asphalt Pavement (AFAP) has good snow-melting performance and is used widely in many countries around the world. The objective of this study was to analyze AFAP’s long-term performance and predict its snow-melting ability. Two types of anti-freezing stone matrix asphalt (SMA) mixtures (SMA-13 with Iceguard and SMA-13 with Mafilon) were prepared with the Marshall method. Water stability, high-temperature stability, low-temperature crack resistance, and freeze-thaw split tests were conducted to evaluate mixtures’ performance. Meanwhile, the effect of anti-freezing filler, asphalt content, and soaking temperature on the salt dissolution of anti-freezing asphalt mixtures was analyzed, and the snow-melting ability of AFAP was predicted based on the Back Propagation (BP) neural network. The results illustrated that water stability of anti-icing asphalt mixture reduced, and the dynamic stability after short-term aging was improved. The tensile strain and tensile strength ratio of the anti-icing asphalt mixture reduced after long-term aging and soaking in water. In addition, the salt dissolution rate increased with the increase of anti-freezing filler content and the decrease of asphalt content. The research conducted suggests that the BP Neural Network can be utilized to predict the snow-melting ability of the anti-freezing asphalt mixture, and the regression coefficient of the predicted and measured salt dissolution was higher.
Total Volume Change Measurement of Unsaturated Soil in Triaxial Tests: A New Approach
Authors: de Campos Tácio M. P. , de O. Carvalho Taíse M. , Viana Ana Carolina de C.
Published: December 2020

In the evaluation of unsaturated soil behavior in the laboratory, it is required to measure the total volume change of triaxial soil specimens. This, however, is not an easy task, with setups proposed in the literature being quite expensive or presenting variable setbacks. In this context, this article presents a new, reliable, cheap system to estimate the total volume change of the soil in unsaturated conditions in triaxial tests. To do so, a double-chamber triaxial cell was developed, with the inner cell connected to an air-tight container subjected to the same cell pressure and positioned on a precision analytical scale. The measure of the total volume change is given by the mass of water entering or leaving the air-tight container. After calibration, the system was tested under consolidation using saturated soil samples. Comparing the conventional change in water volume of the saturated specimen with the variation of the total volume obtained through the developed system, a maximum difference of 0.01 cm3 is obtained, which equals only 0.01 % of the specimen volume. The effects of temperature and of cell pressure variation, which might occur during the saturation of unsaturated specimens in conventional triaxial tests, are also presented and discussed.
An Experimental Study on Physical, Mechanical, and CO2 Permeability Behavior of Sandstone after High-Temperature Treatment
Authors: Yang Sheng-Qi , Dong Zhi-Jin , Huang Yan-Hua , Teng Shang-Yong
Published: December 2020

In order to investigate the influence of temperature and complex stress state on the physical, mechanical, and CO2 permeability behavior of sandstone, the Brazilian splitting test, uniaxial compression test, and permeability test were carried out under different cooling modes after high-temperature heat treatment (100°C, 200°C, 300°C, 400°C, 500°C, 600°C, 700°C, 800°C, and 900°C). The changes of the physical parameters of the specimens before and after high-temperature treatment were compared. The variation law of mechanical behavior under different temperatures and cooling modes was investigated. The variation law of CO2 permeability in two cooling modes under different confining pressure and osmotic pressure was analyzed. The experimental results show that the sandstone specimen increases in volume while the mass and density decrease with the increase of temperature. The specimens show brittle failure after peak stress in the range of all the tested temperature, and with the increase of temperature, the tensile strength, compressive strength, and elastic modulus decrease in the range of 200°C and below, then increase from 200°C to 400°C, and finally decrease after 400°C. At a certain temperature, the permeability decreases as the confining pressure increases. In two different cooling modes, it was found that after rapid cooling, the specimens had higher CO2 permeability than those that underwent normal cooling. Moreover, these findings are further discussed in the scanning electron microscopy analysis. The physical, mechanical, and CO2 permeability behavior are closely related to the development of internal cracks in sandstone as the temperature increases.
MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Gonadal dysfunction in congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Authors: Claahsen-van der Grinten Hedi L , Stikkelbroeck Nike , Falhammar Henrik , Reisch Nicole
Published: December 2020

Gonadal dysfunction is an adverse outcome in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), which may become apparent already during puberty. Clinical consequences of gonadal dysfunction include menstrual disturbances in females and hypogonadism and impaired fertility in males and females. In males, gonadal dysfunction can be caused by primary gonadal failure due to testicular adrenal rest tumours (TART), and by secondary gonadal failure due to poor hormonal control. In females, gonadal dysfunction can result from an overproduction of adrenal androgens including 11-oxygenated C-19 androgens and progestins, and rarely from ovarian adrenal rest tumours. In all patients with CAH, optimal hormonal control is the key for adequate gonadal function. Therefore, regular measurements of adrenal steroids and/or their metabolites should be performed. In addition, markers of the hypothalamus–pituitary–gonadal axis need to be assessed. In females, the regularity of the menstrual cycle should be evaluated. In males, regular evaluation for TART using ultrasonography is recommended from the start of puberty or even earlier when poor hormonal control is present. When TART is present, counselling on cryopreservation of semen should be offered.
Determinación de mercurio (Hg) en especies ícticas de Ayapel, (Córdoba – Colombia) y análisis de riesgo por consumo humano
Authors: Yenis Simanca Lozano , Jose Luis Marrugo Negrete
Published: December 2020

En la ciénaga de Ayapel se han realizado varios estudios por la contaminación por mercurio y otros metales en sedimentos, plantas y peces, teniendo en cuenta que ha sido una zona impactada por las actividades de minería aurífera en la cuenca del San Jorge. Se evaluaron las concentraciones de mercurio (Hg) en tejido muscular de especies ícticas de la ciénaga de Ayapel, para determinar posibles riesgos en la salud humana. Se realizó un estudio exploratorio de corte transversal en el cual se aplicaron encuestas a 74 habitantes del municipio de Ayapel, para colectar información sobre el consumo de pescado. Se tomaron muestras de peces de mayor consumo por los participantes de acuerdo a las encuestas. Las muestras de peces fueron analizadas mediante analizador directo de mercurio (Mylestone DMA 80 Tri Cell). En general, la mayoría de las muestras analizadas, tuvieron concentraciones menores al valor máximo aceptable en pescado para consumo humano, según el Codex Alimentarius. Un porcentaje significativo de participantes, excedieron el valor de la Ingesta Semanal Provisional Tolerable (ISPT) establecida como sin riesgo de efectos adversos en la salud, tanto para el grupo de población más sensible (mujeres en edad fértil y niños hasta los 15 años = 1.6 µg/kg peso corporal) como para el resto de población (3.2 µg/kg peso corporal).