bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantity of Resistance Exercise for Breast Cancer Patients: Does the Dose Match the Objective?
Authors: Rosenberg Jared , Hyde Parker N. , Yancy William S. , Ford Kenneth M. , Champ Colin E.
Published: March 2021

Rosenberg, J, Hyde, PN, Yancy, WS, Ford, KM, and Champ, CE. Quantity of resistance exercise for breast cancer patients: does the dose match the objective? J Strength Cond Res 35(5): 1467–1476, 2021—There is currently a lack of consensus as to what defines exercise and resistance training in the cancer setting and whether current studies comply with exercise guidelines. This study aimed to quantify the available research studies using resistance training exercise interventions in the breast cancer setting for future clinical trial utilization. We systemically reviewed all available resistance exercise studies during and after breast cancer treatment in an attempt to quantify to the prescribed dose and whether regimens aligned with general exercise guidelines to improve functional mobility, body composition, and metabolic function. They were then compared with recommendations set forth by the national committees that create evidence-based exercise guidelines. Fifty studies met the initial criteria, with 35 meeting analysis criteria for evaluation. Fifteen studies evaluated an exercise regimen during cancer treatment, and 20 evaluated a regimen after treatment. The average adherence rates were 84% for all studies. Only 23 studies listed specific exercises used within the protocol. Most exercise regimens relied on open chain movements and machine exercises. Around half of studies met criteria to achieve hypertrophy, and 66% met American College of Sports Medicine exercise guidelines for cancer patients. A minority of breast cancer studies implementing a resistance training exercise regimen prescribed a regimen or specific dose that follows general exercise guidelines. This study highlights a potential deficiency in exercise programs designed for patients with breast cancer, and these findings should be considered in future study design.
Relationships Between Sprinting, Broad Jump, and Vertical Jump Kinetics Are Limited in Elite, Collegiate Football Athletes
Authors: Boone Joseph B. , VanDusseldorp Trisha A. , Feito Yuri , Mangine Gerald T.
Published: March 2021

Boone, JB, VanDusseldorp, TA, Feito, Y, and Mangine, GT. Relationships between sprinting, broad jump, and vertical jump kinetics are limited in elite, collegiate football athletes. J Strength Cond Res 35(5): 1306–1316, 2021—To evaluate the relationships and agreement in kinetics measured during a 10-yd sprint, a standing broad jump (SBJ), and a vertical jump (VJ), 73 collegiate football players (22.3 ± 0.8 years, 188 ± 7 cm, 113 ± 23 kg) volunteered for this cross-sectional study over a 3-year period. At the beginning of each athlete's off-season training phase and after a standard warm-up, each athlete completed 2–3 maximal trials of each test while tethered to a robotic, cable-resistance device (10-yd sprint and SBJ) or a linear position transducer (VJ alone). Force (N), velocity (m·s−1), and power (W) were measured during the first 2 steps, acceleration phase (units·step−1), and entire 10-yd sprint, and the entire SBJ and VJ. Spearman and partial correlations (controlling for stature) revealed small-to-moderate relationships (r = −0.30 to −0.34) between the second sprinting step and VJ force. Small negative relationships were also noted between sprinting and VJ force and power, but not when controlling for height. Agreement was determined by examining relationships between the differences in and averaged kinetics measured on each test. Trivial-to-small relationships (r < 0.29) were observed between sprinting (first step and 10-yd) and VJ velocity, and between VJ and SBJ velocity, although coefficient of variation (CV) ranged between 64 and 104%. All other relationships ranged from moderate-to-practically perfect with CVs exceeding 500%. Although some relationships exist between sprinting and jumping kinetics, their agreement is variable. These data suggest that coaches and athletes should not use one of these assessments in place of, or to predict performance in, the other assessments.
Hip and Knee Extensor Activation During the Hip Thrust and Rear-Foot–Elevated Split Squat in Trained Females
Authors: McCurdy Kevin , Walker John , Kelly Camila , Polinski Michael
Published: March 2021

McCurdy, K, Walker, J, Kelly, C, and Polinski, M. Hip and knee extensor activation during the hip thrust and rear-foot–elevated split squat in trained females. J Strength Cond Res 35(5): 1201–1207, 2021—The aim of the study was to compare hip and knee extensor muscle activation between the hip thrust (HT) and rear-foot–elevated split squat (RFESS) within different depths and the entire range of motion. Twenty, young adult female subjects (age, 20.9 ± 1.3 years; height, 164.6 ± 7.5 cm; mass 63.2 ± 8.8 kg) with an intermediate level of resistance training experience completed the study. Three repetitions were completed at 80% of the 1-repetition maximum. Gluteus maximus, vastus lateralis, and the medial (semitendinosus and semimembranosus) and lateral (biceps femoris) hamstrings electromyographic data were compared at the top, middle, and bottom one-third of the hip range of motion and for the entire repetition. A repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to test significance set at p ≤ 0.05. All 4 muscles revealed higher (p < 0.001) activation at the top position of the HT compared with the middle and bottom, whereas higher scores (p < 0.001) were found in the bottom position during the RFESS. The HT revealed greater activity (p < 0.001) than the RFESS in all muscles at the top, whereas the RFESS showed higher scores (p < 0.001) than the HT in all muscles in the bottom position. For the entire repetition, the RFESS produce significantly greater vastus lateralis activation (59.4 vs 43.6%). The data indicate that the greatest effect for the HT is demonstrated in the top position and at the bottom for the RFESS. Thus, we recommend to implement both exercises in a training program to maximize gluteus maximus and hamstring activation across the full range of motion. For the greatest vastus lateralis activation, the RFESS is recommended.
Unraveling the Temporal Dynamics of Reward Signals in Music-Induced Pleasure with TMS
Authors: Mas-Herrero Ernest , Dagher Alain , Farrés-Franch Marcel , Zatorre Robert J.
Published: March 2021

Music's ability to induce feelings of pleasure has been the subject of intense neuroscientific research lately. Prior neuroimaging studies have shown that music-induced pleasure engages cortico-striatal circuits related to the anticipation and receipt of biologically relevant rewards/incentives, but these reports are necessarily correlational. Here, we studied both the causal role of this circuitry and its temporal dynamics by applying transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the left dorsolateral PFC combined with fMRI in 17 male and female participants. Behaviorally, we found that, in accord with previous findings, excitation of fronto-striatal pathways enhanced subjective reports of music-induced pleasure and motivation, whereas inhibition of the same circuitry led to the reduction of both. fMRI activity patterns indicated that these behavioral changes were driven by bidirectional TMS-induced alteration of fronto-striatal function. Specifically, changes in activity in the NAcc predicted modulation of both hedonic and motivational responses, with a dissociation between pre-experiential versus experiential components of musical reward. In addition, TMS-induced changes in the fMRI functional connectivity between the NAcc and frontal and auditory cortices predicted the degree of modulation of hedonic responses. These results indicate that the engagement of cortico-striatal pathways and the NAcc, in particular, is indispensable to experience rewarding feelings from music.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeuroimaging studies have shown that music-induced pleasure engages cortico-striatal circuits involved in the processing of biologically relevant rewards. Yet, these reports are necessarily correlational. Here, we studied both the causal role of this circuitry and its temporal dynamics by combining brain stimulation over the frontal cortex with functional imaging. Behaviorally, we found that excitation and inhibition of fronto-striatal pathways enhanced and disrupted, respectively, subjective reports of music-induced pleasure and motivation. These changes were associated with changes in NAcc activity and NAcc coupling with frontal and auditory cortices, dissociating between pre-experimental versus experiential components of musical reward. These results indicate that the engagement of cortico-striatal pathways, and the NAcc in particular, is indispensable to experience rewarding feeling from music.
“Parallel reforms and double efforts”: Latvia`s experience reforming administration
Authors: Reinholde Iveta
Published: March 2021

The public administration reform process in Latvia from the beginning of the 1990s was separated into two parts - national administrative reform and administrative territorial reform – both with their own unique goals and implementation mechanisms. The divided coordination and management of the reforms have resulted in the two administrative subsystems. The paper’s aim is to explore the links between reforms in the national level and local level after 2004 by analyzing the main reform documents determining all reform activities at that time. The results will demonstrate the complexity of the reform management process, as the coordination of reforms is essential regarding all of its levels and sectors.
Municipal Development Strategy as an Instrument of Local Economic Development Policy
Authors: Sienkiewicz Mariusz Wiktor
Published: March 2021

The main objective of this paper is to determine the importance of local development strategies for formulating and implementing local economic development policies by local authorities. In particular, an attempt is made to answer the question of whether local authorities properly and effectively use public management tools (i.e. a development strategy) to promote economic development in their area. Furthermore, the aim of this article is to analyse instruments for supporting economic development, which can be potentially used by local governments in Poland.
Women’s participation and the Incumbency Advantage in Slovak Cities: the Case Study of the Mayoral elections in Slovakia
Authors: Sloboda Matúš
Published: March 2021

The article focuses on the mayoral elections in all cities (138) in Slovakia. This analysis presents how the positions of mayors are distributed between men and women. Specific and detailed electoral data from the 2006 and 2010 mayoral elections allows for presuming whether the current distribution is caused by the electoral preferences of voters (demand) or by the supply of candidates. According to theoretical literature, mayors who are running for second term may have an advantage over their opponents. Data shows us how big this incumbency effect is in Slovak cities.
Young People with Physical Disabilities at Work in Lithuania: Experiences and Attitudes
Authors: Braziene Ruta , Zalkauskaite Ugne
Published: March 2021

The aim of this paper is to disclose the experiences and attitudes of young people with disabilities towards their professional activities and finding a job and to discover what the main opportunities and obstacles are for the integration of young disabled people into the Lithuanian labour market. The empirical basis of this research consists of 18 in-depth interviews with 18-35 year old young people with physical disabilities. In-depth interviews with young people with physical disabilities disclosed that a successful transition into the labour market first of all depends on the educational level (especially tertiary education) of a person, acquired appropriate employability skills, etc. Young disabled people experienced stigmatized attitudes by employers and a lack of interest to employ a disabled person. It is emphasized that employers in Lithuania are unwilling to employ a disabled person due to some special requirements (e.g., work assistant services, special requirements for the workplace, shorter working hours, etc.). In the high number of cases young people with disabilities face a double stigma, e.g., young and disabled, lack of working experience, etc.
Accounting for innovative factors of economic growth in the production function of Cobb-Douglas (on the example of old industrial regions of Ukraine)
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Kharazishvili Yuri , Lyashenko Vyacheslav ,   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: March 2021

Based on the analysis of the quantitative assessment of the influence of the factors of innovative activity on the dynamics of economic development and the endogenous determination of its contribution to the economic growth of the country, it is revealed that in foreign researches it is identified with the concept of the influence of scientific and technological progress. However, the impact of innovative factors on economic growth is not considered separately. Attempts of such a definition in Ukrainian researches are limited to well-known approaches: methods of integral assessment, methods of expert assessments, the method of multipliers, econometric models. Most of the approaches considered are focused on defining the innovative impact on economic development, rather than on economic growth. The main tool for assessing the role and innovative contribution to economic growth is the aggregate supply function model, usually based on the Cobb-Douglas production function. The analysis of the approaches used revealed a number of comments on econometric approaches. In contrast to this, an approach is proposed based on the neoclassical production function of Cobb-Douglas with a constant return to scale in the form of J. Tinbergen, with technical progress neutral according to J. Hicks, decreasing marginal productivity of macrofactors with limited interchangeability, which provides a causal functional (and not a statistical) relationship between input and output variables; does not require long time series. It is characterized by dynamic coefficients of elasticity, capital utilization rate and taking into account the innovation factor in each separate period. The innovation factor includes: the gross domestic expenditures on research and development, the expenditures on innovation, general expenditures on education. To define the contribution of formal innovation factor in economic growth applied "method of Solow residual", which by taking the logarithm and obtaining logarithmic derivatives in the production function, provides a formalized information about the contribution of each factor to economic growth and allows to develop the necessary regulatory measures. The method has been tested at the level of the country and old industrial regions of Ukraine: Dnepropetrovsk, Zaporozhye and Kirovograd regions of the Dnieper economic region of Ukraine. The role, importance and influence of the main factors of economic growth along with innovative ones on the part of the aggregate supply are considered and the cost-effectiveness of innovative factors is estimated.
Modeling the production function with the account for the change of factors’ output over time on the example of manufacturing industry in Germany
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of NAS of Ukraine, Okhten Oleksiy , Dasiv Alla ,   Institute of Industrial Economics of NAS of Ukraine
Published: March 2021

The article analyzes production functions, investigates the features of the Cobb-Douglas function in its multiple variations. On the basis of the analysis carried out, as well as the practical needs of modeling the production systems, the necessity of modeling the production function with the account for the change in the output of production factors over time, is substantiated. As well as with the account for the factor of the modern industrial revolution, characterized by the digitalization of manufacturing. An approach to the development of a function is proposed, which takes into account the change in the output of production factors over time in the context of digitalization. The corresponding production function was modeled based on the example of the manufacturing industry over 2000-2019 in Germany, which is a country that is among the first to introduce modern technologies, including digital ones. The results of modeling the value added using the production function with and without the account for the change in the weight coefficients of the factors over time are presented. It was found that adding the correction factors that define the change in weight coefficients for the factors of the production function over time increased the accuracy of the calculations. Also, a decrease in the resulting (after taking into account the coefficient change over time) exponent coefficient was revealed in the digitalization factor and its increase in the factor of fixed assets involved in the production process (the cost of machinery and equipment) – the output on fixed assets increases annually, and the output of the digitalization factor decreases by about the same extent. It was found that since the relative output of digitalization decreases over time, if there is a need to achieve growth in output through digitalization, it has to be carried out at a growing pace, that is, investments should increase over time. In addition, the earlier investments are introduced, the greater the effect they will give. When modeling the sectors of the Ukrainian economy, it’s advisable to use correction coefficients calculated based on the German data, rather than calculate them based on past periods on the basis of Ukrainian data. From the point of view of practical calculations, this is justified not only by the belated repetition of the technological development processes of developed countries by developing ones (that is, Ukrainian enterprises are introducing the same technologies, but with a delay of 5-10 years or more), but also by the greater relevance of German statistics to the needs of modeling.
TEACHING-LEARNING ENGLISH IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Authors: Becker Lopes Perna Cristina , Schneider Santos Camille
Published: March 2021

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Regional and Environmental Factors in the Mental Component of Human Potential
Authors: Gordin Igor V. , Ryumina Elena V.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. The study is of relevance as the influence of environmental factors is growing in all socio-economic and socio-psychological processes of modern society. Based on the study conducted, the article analyzes the processes of interaction between environmental factors and the mentality of a person and society.

Materials and Methods. Works of Russian and foreign researchers on the interdependence of mentality and the environmental situation, as well as the authors' own long-term studies of this relationship were used as materials for the study. Particular attention was paid to such factors as natural resources, hypertrophied consumption, pollution and degradation of the natural environment. When examining the issue of anthropogenic destruction of the biosphere and the relationship of these processes with mentality, the ecological characteristics of the current stage of world development, specific regional problems of Russia and other countries and regions were considered. The main research method employed was the systemic socio-eco-economic analysis of situations and the systematic account of the key characteristics of regional specificity.

Results. Dependence of mentality on regional environmental factors has been revealed. The processes of formation of the environmental mentality in various social groups, the regularities of the influence of the mentality of the population, business, government agencies on the emergence and development of environmental problems have been analyzed. The case study of Russia’s regions with the most acute environmental problems has shown that it is the traditional mentality that is largely the cause of the emergence and escalation of conflict situations. The principles of consistent environmentalization of the mentality of the population, business, federal and regional government agencies have been stated.

Discussion and Conclusion. The idea that it is the mentality of the human consumer and that of the mass consumption society that is steadily leading to an environmental disaster is gaining the understanding very slowly. There is a need for increasing efforts to systematically environmentalize the mentality when perceiving world, regional, and local problems. The article will be useful to a wide range of specialists in the analysis and synthesis of socio-eco-economic systems. The results of the study may be applied for prevention and de-escalation of regional and interregional conflicts associated with environment and nature conservation.
The regional centile table of the newborn’s body weight for the city of Kiev and the Kiev region
Authors:   Perinatal Center of Kyiv, Ukraine, Bila V.V. , Golyanovsky V.O. ,   Perinatal Center of Kyiv, Ukraine, Muravyov V.M. ,   Perinatal Center of Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: March 2021

The objective: to develop a regional gestational percentiles table of body weight for newborns in Kiev and Kyiv’s oblast. Materials and methods. Data of the body weight of newborns were collected from Kyiv City Perinatal Center from January 2016 by January 2017. The total number included 5244 live births in the period of gestation 40+0–40+6 weeks of gestation. The standard deviation of the body weight, expressed as the percentage of the average body weight of all newborns, as well as the percentil calculator developed by Hadlock et al, supported by the WHO (2008), was used to generate the percentages and curves of the body weight. Materials and methods. A newborn body weight percentile table was constructed, depending on the gestational age. Differences were observed between the current average body weight of newborns for Kyiv and current WHO links. Conclusion. We found a rise in the average body weight of newborns, which we associate with excessive, unbalanced diet and the prescribing of a complex of multivitamins and biologically active substances during pregnancy. This indicates the importance of using this table for differential diagnosis of normal fetal growth from intrauterine growth restriction and small for fetal gestational age within the region of Kyiv and oblast. Key words: delayed fetal growth, percentile table of the city of Kiev, average body weight of newborns, percentile schedule.
Features of course of pregnancy at women of various age
Authors:   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kуiv, Ukraine, Markevich V.V.
Published: March 2021

The objective: to study features of course of pregnancy at women of various age groups Materials and methods. Us were allocated the following age subgroups: 8–25, 26–28, 29–30, 31–35, 36–40, more than 40 years, among 715 women from whom 281 were primapara, and 434 – multipara. Clinical-laboratory and tool examination were conducted. Results. Results of the conducted researches testify that pregnancy at women of various age has the specific features which depend on the genesial anamnesis and existence of accompanying genital pathology. Frequency and gravity of preeclampsia, а growth inhibition of fetus of 3 degrees, premature births increases with augmentation of age of pregnant women. Frequency of prolongation of pregnancy and overdue labors tends to depression with age augmentation that is explained by closer attention to the «senior» group of pregnant women and more active tactics of maintaining. Conclusion. The received results needs to be considered to development of tactics of conducting pregnancy at women of various age and parity. Key words: pregnancy, complications, various age.
Features of the hemostasis procoagulation link, pregnancy outcomes and parturition in HIV-infected women
Authors:   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kуiv, Ukraine, Savchenko S.E. , Kolomiychenko T.V. ,   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kyiv, Ukraine, Gervazyuk O.I. ,   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kуiv, Ukraine
Published: March 2021

The objective: to study the changes in the procoagulant link of the hemostasis system, the course of pregnancy and parturition peculiarities in HIV-infected women, depending on the clinical stage and the onset of haart. Materials and methods. In 150 HIV-infected pregnant women and parturients, a procoagulant link of hemostasis was evaluated by meanings of total fibrinogen, prothrombin, activated fractional thromboplastin time, as well as the status of the mother-placenta-fetus system and periportal blood loss amount. Results. Study of the procoagulant link in women with II and III clinical stages of HIV-infection in the second trimester showed a tendency to a hypercoagulative conditions, with increased levels of fibrinogen, prothrombin and short activated fractional thromboplastin time. In the third trimester, these patients already had a significant difference in these parameters compared to the control group (p<0.05). Laboratory changes in the 3rd trimester correlate with impairment of the «mother–placenta–fetus» system discovered by ultrasound and doplerometry in the vast majority of pregnant women with II and III clinical stages (p<0.05). A state of hypocoagulation is observed during parturirion in women with the III clinical stage of HIV-infection and in parturients who started taking HAART during this pregnancy (p<0.05). Conclusions. The pregnancy course in women with II and III clinical stages of HIV-infection is characterized by the presence of gestational and perinatal complications caused by hypercoagulation. During parturirion in HIV-infected patients with the III clinical stage and in parturients who started taking HAART during this pregnancy, there is a tendency to periportal haemorrages, which confirmes by coagulogram changes. Key words: HIV-infected pregnant women, HIV-infected parturient, procoagulant link of hemostasis system, mother-placenta-fetus system, periportal blood loss.
Alternative to hormonal and nonsteroid anti-inflammator means in the treatment of secondary dismarophone defined by adenomiosis
Authors:   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kуiv, Ukraine, Kaminskiy V.V. , Prokopovych E.V. ,   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: March 2021

Secondary dysmenorrhea or painful menstruation are observed in almost half of young women and significantly affect the quality of life, primarily in the emotional, psychic and communication spheres, and also often cause the loss of temporary work capacity. Secondary (organic) dysmenorrhea is caused by various pathological diseases in the pelvic organs (uterine leiomyoma, ovarian tumors, pelvic inflammatory processes, malformation of the genital organs, adhesive process in the small pelvis, etc.) and in particular adenomyosis (internal endometriosis). This disease, leads to disruption of reproductive function and disability, causes feelings of inferiority, causing physical and moral harm to women aged 20–40 years. According to different data, the incidence of endometriosis in populations varies from 7 to 65%. In a significant number of cases, conservative (hormonal) therapy of endometriosis does not reach its goal and has many negative effects on the woman’s body. In this regard, the search for safer and more effective treatment is an extremely urgent task. The use of drugs of natural origin regulating the blood supply, tropism, metabolism and functional state of the reproductive endocrine system in the treatment of secondary dysmenorrhea finds a more favorable ground for compliance and is increasingly prevalent. The advantage of such drugs is low toxicity and the possibility of prolonged use without the risk of serious adverse reactions. Positive changes in the hormonal status and a good clinical effect with the use of drugs of natural origin in patients with secondary dysmenorrhea associated with adenomyosis, confirm the advisability of its use in the pathogenetic treatment of this pathology. Key words: secondary dysmenorrhea, endometriosis, adenomyosis, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, adverse reactions, combined oral contraceptives, multi-component non-hormonal drug.
Deadnaming as disformative utterance: the redefinition of trans womanhood on Urban Dictionary
Authors: Turton Stephen
Published: March 2021

‘Deadnaming’ is the act of referring to trans people by the names assigned to them in infancy in cases where they have rejected those names. In this paper, Judith Butler’s (1997) theorising of injurious speech is united with Mary Bucholtz and Kira Hall’s (2005) tactics of intersubjective identity formation to conceptualise deadnaming as a speech act with a harmful perlocutionary force, which may be employed to denaturalise or illegitimate a trans person’s acts of self-determination. This is demonstrated by an analysis of entries on the crowdsourced website Urban Dictionary that were posted in response to American celebrity Caitlyn Jenner’s public coming out as a trans woman in 2015. Attempts by Urban Dictionary’s users to ‘redefine’ Jenner’s names both reveal the cisnormative assumptions that motivate deliberate acts of deadnaming and expose anxieties about how the public visibility of trans people threatens the alleged naturalness of those assumptions.
Thirty-year retrospective on language, gender and sexuality research
Authors: Hall Kira , Borba Rodrigo , Hiramoto Mie
Published: March 2021

This thirty-year retrospective on language, gender and sexuality research, launched in anticipation of the thirtieth anniversary of the 1992 Berkeley Women and Language Conference, showcases essays by luminaries who presented papers at the conference as well as allied scholars who have taken the field in new directions. Revitalising a tradition set out by the First Berkeley Women and Language Conference in 1985, the four biennial Berkeley conferences held in the 1990s led to the establishment of the International Gender and Language Association and subsequently of the journal Gender and Language, contributing to the field’s institutionalisation and its current pan-global character. Retrospective essays addressing the themes of Politics, Practice, Intersectionality and Place will be published across four issues of the journal in 2021. In this inaugural issue on politics, Robin Lakoff, Susan Gal and Alice Freed analyse the current political scenario from their feminist linguistic lenses, while Sally McConnell-Ginet and Norma Mendoza-Denton share more personal views of the politics involved in doing research on language, gender and sexuality. The theme series also pays tribute to significant scholars present at the 1992 Berkeley conference who are no longer with us; in this issue, Amy Kyratzis pays homage to the groundbreaking work of Susan Ervin-Tripp.
Participation of the C-terminal propeptide procollagen type I in the formation of cardiofibrosis in patients with myocardial infarction with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction
Authors: Osokina A. V. , Karetnikova V. N. , Polikutina O. M. , Ivanova A. V. , Pecherina T. B. , Gruzdeva O. V. , Dyleva Yu. A. , Kokov A. N. , Brel N. K. , Barbarash O. L.
Published: March 2021

Aim. To study the dynamics of procollagen type I carboxy-terminal propeptide (PICP) with an assessment of potential associations with cardiac fibrosis (CF) and diastolic dysfunction (DD) of the left ventricle (LV) during the hospitalization and one year after ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Material and methods. The study included 120 patients with STEMI. There were following inclusion criteria: diagnosis of STEMI (2015 European Society of Cardiology guidelines); Killip £III acute heart failure (AHF); signed informed consent; patient age >18 years old. There were following exclusion criteria: STEMI due to percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting; Killip IV AHF; patient age >80 years; clinically significant comorbidities; death of the patient during the first day of hospitalization. On the 1st, 12th day of the disease and after a year all patients underwent echocardiography and the PICP concentration was determined. One year after myocardial infarction, contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was performed to assess CF. In the analyzed group of patients, on day 1 of STEMI, mean values of LV ejection fraction (EF) in the range of 40-49% were observed in 3 (2,5%) patients, LVEF <40% — in 31 (26%), LVEF ≥50% — in 86 (71,7%). The final analysis was performed on a sample of patients with preserved LVEF (n=86) (71,7%).

Results. On the first day of myocardial infarction, signs of DD were noted in 25 (29,1%) patients, while after 1 year, their number increased by 9 (10%) and amounted to 34 (39,5%) patients. In 15 (17,6%) people, worsening of myocardial systolic dysfunction was noted. Patients with a CF ³16% had the highest PICP expression on the first day of the disease. CF ≥16% one year after STEMI with preserved EF is associated with PICP concentration on day 1 of the disease. In addition, multidirectional correlations were revealed between the CF ≥16% and parameters of LV diastolic function (e’, mean pulmonary artery pressure, E/e’).

Conclusion. Determination of the PICP concentration on the 1st day of myocardial infarction will allow early identification of patients at risk of CF one year after STEMI with preserved EF.
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: the role of diastolic stress test in diagnostic algorithms
Authors: Pavlyukova E. N. , Kuzhel D. A.
Published: March 2021

Heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is currently the most common type of this condition, especially among elderly patients. Despite the preserved left ventricular (LV) and a moderate increase in natriuretic peptide, patients  with HFpEF have the same out-of-hospital mortality as those with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Diagnosis of HFpEF is difficult due to nonspecific symptoms, expensive blood tests, and questionable rest echocardiographic data on diastolic function. In addition, the reason for poor diagnosis of HfpEF in clinical practice may be old age and comorbidities, which can also cause nonspecific symptoms of moderate chronic shortness of breath, weakness, and palpitations. The consequence is the detection of HFpEF only in every fourth patient with an acute or chronic heart failure. The use of simplified clinical diagnostic protocols along with a non-invasive ultrasound stress test can help overcome the existing problems in the diagnosis of HFpEF.
Continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration in the treatment of septic shock and acute kidney injury in a patient with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Kozulin K. S. , Kirilin V. V. , Panteleev O. O. , Borodina E. E. , Ryabov V. V.
Published: March 2021

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Cardiovascular complications in patients with cancer: focus on anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity
Authors: Murkamilov I. T. , Aitbaev K. A. , Fomin V. V. , Kudaibergenova I. O. , Yusupov F. A. , Murkamilova Zh. A.
Published: March 2021

The article describes prevalence and risk factors of cardiovascular in patients with cancer. The problems of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity, the deleterious effects of doxorubicin on the heart, as well as the cardioprotective effects of beta-blockers and agents acting on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system pathway are discussed. By cardiotoxicity is implied the development of various adverse cardiovascular events against the background of drug therapy for cancer patients. Depending on the severity of myocardial damage, there are type I (anthracycline-mediated cardiotoxicity, myocardial damage is irreversible) and type II (trastuzumab-mediated cardiotoxicity, myocardial dysfunction is reversible) cardiotoxicity. Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity, in turn, is divided into acute, early-onset chronic and late-onset chronic. At the same time, the main mechanisms of anthracycline cytotoxicity in relation to healthy cardiomyocytes are stimulation of intracellular oxidative stress, a decrease in reduced glutathione concentration, inhibition of cell redox potential, and a change in iron metabolism. The article discusses in detail the risk factors (age, hypertension, diabetes, asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction, documented cardiovascular diseases, heart failure, etc.), as well as the mechanisms and treatment of anthracycline-mediated cardiotoxicity.
Effectiveness of deferred coronary artery stenting in the prevention of no-reflow in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Azarov A. V. , Zhuravlev A. S. , Semitko S. P.
Published: March 2021

It is known that even in spite of timely revascularization of the infarct-related artery, the myocardium in some patients remains hypoperfused. This condition is known as the no-reflow phenomenon, which is associated with an unfavorable prognosis. The systematic review is devoted to the effectiveness of deferred stenting in noreflow prevention. In patients with severe thrombosis, the two-stage revascularization technique is very promising. It is a primary intervention in the form of aspiration thrombectomy and/or balloon angioplasty followed by stenting after a certain period of time. This interval represents a certain therapeutic space, which allows various drugs to act resulting in reduction of blood clot size and risk of procedure-related distal embolization.
Relationship of obesity, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and myocardial perfusion in patients with risk factors and without atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Sergienko V. B. , Ansheles A. A. , Sergienko I. V. , Boytsov S. A.
Published: March 2021

Aim. In the retrospective study, to identify the relationship between body mass index (BMI), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and myocardial perfusion in patients without established atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.

Material and methods. The study included 534 patients with cardiovascular risk factors but without established coronary artery disease, diabetes, myocardial infarction or coronary revascularization. In 76 of them, stress/rest myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was performed.

Results. The relationship between BMI and LDL-C levels is described by a quadratic (r2=0,21, p<0,001) function or a linear spline kinked in BMI of 27 kg/m2 (r=0,51, -0,46 — before and after this value, respectively; p<0,001). According to SPECT, focal stable and transient left ventricular myocardial perfusion abnormalities were not detected. However, there was a direct linear correlation between the heterogeneity of rest myocardial perfusion (ohet) and BMI (r=0,43, p<0,001), ohet and waist circumference (r=0,40, p<0,001), as well as between ohet and LDL-C (r=0,44, p<0,001).

Conclusion. The relationship between BMI and LDL-C levels can be explained by endocrine dysfunction of adipose tissue, which disturbs the synthesis and metabolism of atherogenic lipoproteins. Obesity and increased LDL-C levels affect myocardial perfusion both by aggravating coronary atherogenesis and by microcirculatory disorders. Rest myocardial perfusion SPECT can be a method of screening for myocardial disorders caused by both diffuse atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome.
Wages of employees as one of the indicators for assessing the effectiveness of local government bodies
Authors: Kabashova Elena
Published: March 2021

In modern conditions, research related to the assessment of the effectiveness of local self-government bodies is very relevant. The demand for monitoring and analysis of efficiency of activity of local governments is the possibility to determine the correctness and effectiveness of chosen activities. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the methodology, namely in the use of an interdisciplinary approach to this problem, based on the use of a set of economic, sociological and statistical techniques and methods. The article reveals the role and significance of the average monthly accrued salary of employees (one of the main indicators of the standard of living of the population at the municipal level) from the position of an indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of local self-government bodies in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The author presents an analysis of the trend, level and degree of wage differentiation in various areas. In the study using correlation analysis identified a medium link between satisfaction with public activities of the head of the municipality and the level of wage workers (according to the municipal statistics).
The author suggests ways to improve the existing methodology for assessing the effectiveness of local self-government bodies. The author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to include in the system of indicators for assessing the effectiveness of local self-government performance criteria for wage differentiation (the scope of variation, the coefficient of funds of the coefficient of variation). It is also necessary to clarify the methodology for assessing the effectiveness of local self-government bodies in terms of the criteria for satisfaction of the population with the activities of the head of the municipality, mainly in relation to indicators of the level and quality of life of its population.
Digital educational technology for care management of diabetes mellitus people’s feet
Authors: Santiago Maria Alice Moreira Torres , Tarcia Rita Maria Lino , Frederico Giovana Andrade , Vitorino Luciano Magalhães , Parisi Maria Cândida Ribeiro , Gamba Mônica Antar
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to develop and validate a distance learning course aimed at the pillars of care management of diabetes mellitus people’s feet. Method: a technological production research using Moodle Virtual Learning Environment, based on Andragogy, Constructionism and Instructional Design. Content is based on consensus guidelines on diabetic foot. Validation was carried out by distance education, diabetes and/or diabetic foot experts. Results: the course’s content is based on diabetic foot guidelines, and is structured in units with didactic material, videos, forums and questionnaires to assess the participants’ learning. The judges considered it appropriate to meet nurses’ needs in clinical practice. Conclusion: the virtual learning course has been validated, being a promising strategy for training nurses on care management of diabetes mellitus people’s feet.
Early childhood education effect on children’s vocabulary
Authors: Hirata Guilherme Issamu
Published: March 2021

Resumo Este artigo analisa o efeito de um programa de Educação Infantil sobre o vocabulário das crianças. Usando dados de Petrolina de 2016, o artigo compara crianças que frequentavam escola com crianças fora da escola. Para lidar com o viés de seleção, informações coletadas junto aos pais são utilizadas para criar variáveis de controle associadas a características geralmente não observáveis e que são potencialmente correlacionadas com matrícula e desenvolvimento infantil. Os resultados mostram impactos positivos sobre vocabulário expressivo. Ademais, há evidência de que o programa é mais efetivo para crianças com menos exposição à leitura em casa.
A trajetória de Tobias de Lacerda Martins Moscoso entre a Escola Politécnica e a Econometric Society: uma história inacabada
Authors: Silva Victor Cruz e
Published: March 2021

Resumo Tobias de Lacerda Martins Moscoso (1879-1928) foi um engenheiro brasileiro que transitou pelas áreas da estatística, matemática e economia política. Professor da Escola Politécnica da Universidade do Rio de Janeiro, teve, contudo, seu nome ofuscado na historiografia brasileira pelo acidente aéreo que o vitimou, em 1928. Apesar de sua morte precoce, Moscoso viria a ser, em 1930, o único latino-americano entre os destinatários da carta-convite enviada por Fisher, Frisch e Roos para a reunião inaugural da Econometric Society. Este artigo busca, então, cumprir dois objetivos: recuperar o nome de Tobias Moscoso na historiografia brasileira e apresentar a trajetória que o levou a integrar o grupo de oitenta e três indivíduos convidados para a fundação da Econometric Society. Argumenta-se que o convite a Moscoso se alicerça sobre dois pilares: sua abordagem à economia política, que privilegiava os métodos quantitativos, e sua visita aos círculos acadêmicos parisienses, em 1926.
Efeitos do BNDES Finame nas firmas brasileiras: uma análise de sobrevivência para os anos de 2002 a 2016
Authors: Silva Napoleão , Saccaro Alice
Published: March 2021

Resumo Este texto busca analisar o efeito do BNDES Finame na sobrevivência das firmas brasileiras, separadas de acordo com seu tamanho, entre os anos de 2002 e 2016. Para tanto, são empregados os métodos de Propensity Score Matching e Análise de Sobrevivência. Além disso, são utilizadas as bases de microdados da RAIS; de comércio exterior do Ministério da Indústria, Comércio Exterior e Serviços (MDIC); de Operações de Financiamentos do BNDES; dados do Banco Central do Brasil (BCB) e do Relatório de Pesquisa Industrial, do IBGE. O principal resultado deste artigo é que empresas que utilizaram o BNDES Finame apresentaram um tempo médio de vida maior do que as que não foram contempladas com o mesmo. Porém, esse resultado não é encontrado em firmas de grande porte. Além disso, quanto menor a companhia, maior o efeito deste financiamento na sua sobrevivência.
Morphological aspects of epididymal microscopy and rete testis in greater Rhea Americana
Authors: Freneau Breno Nahuel , Carvalho Saulo Fernandes Mano de , Sabóia-Morais Simone Maria Teixeira de , Freneau Gustavo Eduardo
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this research was to study the histology and describe the microscopy findings of the epididymis epithelium of greater Rhea americana at three time periods: November 2005 (n=14), December 2006 (n= 20), and May 2007 (n= 20), to observe and compare the differences that occurred. We studied the epididymis from 54 rheas, bred in Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The epididymis were collected during commercial slaughter and fixed in bouin. Optical microscopy was used to measure the cellular structure, types of cells, tubules, and stereological values like the epididymis epithelium diameters, lumen, thickness, and relative volume of the tissue structure. Additionally, electron microscopy was studied. In December 2006 and May 2007, the means of the epididymis tubular diameter were: 79.1 and 58.1 µm, epithelium thickness: 24.0 and 52.2 µm, and lumen diameter: 55.0 and 5.8 µm, respectively. Regarding the volumetric proportion, we reported the following values: epithelium volume 36.2 and 80.4%, lumen without spermatozoon 19.6 and 3.0%, lumen with spermatozoon 5.4 and 0.0%, interstitium 35.4 and 12.0%, blood vessels 3.5 and 4.6%, structures in cellular superficies 1.4 and 0%, lamina 1.4 and 3.2%, and artifacts 0.3 and 1.3%, respectively. The epididymis ducts had a circular form in transverse sections with spermatozoon only in November 2005 and December 2006. The Rhea’s epididymis morphology was found to be similar to ostriches, roosters, and Japanese quail. Here, we present data from stereological microscopy (tubular diameter, epithelium thickness, and lumen diameter), volumetric proportion (epithelium, lumen without spermatozoon, lumen with spermatozoon, interstitium, blood vessels, structures in cellular superficies; cilium, estereocilium, and lamina) in this species during the repose and sexual activity period (reproductive season).