bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A PINTURA NO VENTRE MATERNO SOB O OLHAR DA MULHER GESTANTE
Authors: Neves dos Santos Edgar Luiz , Alves da Silva Isla Chamilco Rosilda , Dos Santos Calandrini Tatiana do Socorro , De Andrade Ferreira Ediane
Published: July 2024

A gestação é um período de intensas mudanças na mulher, fazendo com que surjam dúvidas sobre o que é do cotidiano da gravidez e do que é novo. A pintura fetal é uma técnica recente realizada pelo enfermeiro, obstetra ou não, e que pode ser utilizada no pré-natal a fim de esclarecer dúvidas sobre a posição do bebê no útero, o seu crescimento e também estimular o desenvolvimento de vínculos sentimentais entre no binômio mãe-bebê. Objetivou-se conhecer quais os saberes, sentimentos e percepções das futuras mães sobre sua relação mãe/bebê expressados ao realizarem a pintura fetal. A pesquisa foi de natureza qualitativa de abordagem descritiva, com dados foram analisados através do Método de Bardin. Participaram 9 gestantes com idades entre 22 e 35 anos, que realizavam o pré-natal na UBS da UNIFAP e que estavam no último trimestre de gestação. Cada gestante respondeu um formulário, realizou a pintura fetal com base na manobra de Leopold-Zweifel e respondeu uma entrevista com 4 perguntas gravadas em áudio. Resultados e Discussão: Poucas gestantes conhecem a técnica da pintura fetal realizada pelo enfermeiro; não conhecem a aplicação prática da arte fetal no pré-natal afim de gerar conhecimento; a pintura fez manifestarem sentimentos de afeto e de maior interesse em conhecer seus bebês, na expectativa de ver seu filho(a) brevemente. Conclui-se que a pintura fetal pode assumir um papel educativo no pré-natal se bem adotado pelo enfermeiro e que a técnica apresenta resultados na criação e no fortalecimento dos vínculos afetivos entre mãe/bebê.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO E FATORES ASSOCIADOS À EXPOSIÇÃO A AGROTÓXICOS NA POPULAÇÃO DA ZONA RURAL DE MARIALVA, PARANÁ.
Authors: Soares Patrícia Hernandes , Agenor Alves Bueno Paulo , Ozinaldo Alves de Sena José
Published: July 2024

A exposição aos agrotóxicos na zona rural de Marialva, Paraná, é uma preocupação crescente devido aos potenciais riscos à saúde humana. Este estudo visa caracterizar essa exposição, identificar fatores associados e avaliar seus impactos na população local. A relevância se destaca dada a escassez de estudos abordando especificamente as áreas rurais. O objetivo principal é analisar a relação entre a exposição a agrotóxicos e a saúde dos trabalhadores rurais, com ênfase nas condições sociodemográficas. A metodologia abrangeu a coleta de dados sociodemográficos, avaliações antropométricas e hemodinâmicas, além da aplicação do questionário SQR-20 para identificar possíveis impactos psicoemocionais. Os resultados revelaram que a exposição prolongada a agrotóxicos é uma realidade, com 35% dos participantes trabalhando com esses produtos por mais de 37 anos. Questões de saúde, como morbidades psiquiátricas leves e doenças crônicas, foram relatadas por 75% da população, indicando uma possível correlação com a exposição a agrotóxicos. A análise da metodologia de trabalho evidenciou que a maioria dos entrevistados faz uso regular de agrotóxicos, com 73% utilizando os três tipos principais. Entretanto, a assistência agronômica parece ser adequada, com altos índices de orientação sobre o uso correto desses produtos. Concluindo, este estudo destaca a urgência de uma atenção mais acentuada à saúde da população rural de Marialva, respeitando os princípios de equidade do Sistema Único de Saúde. A compreensão aprofundada dessas questões é essencial para desenvolver políticas públicas que visem mitigar os riscos associados à exposição a agrotóxicos, promovendo assim uma melhoria significativa na qualidade de vida dessas comunidades.
ALTERAÇÕES HEMATOLÓGICAS E BIOQUÍMICAS EM INDIVÍDUOS EXPOSTOS A AGROTÓXICOS: IMPACTO DA EXPOSIÇÃO DIRETA VERSUS INDIRETA
Authors: Gonçalves de Souza Vinicius , Sonara Aguiar Ramos Jheneffer , Alves Pedroso Thays Millena , De Araújo Nascimento Felipe , De Melo e Silva Daniela , Rocha Parise Michelle
Published: July 2024

It is known that individuals directly exposed to pesticides are more susceptible to changes in hematological and biochemical parameters. However, there are no studies comparing the effects of direct and indirect exposure to pesticides on such parameters. This study aimed to verify if individuals indirectly, but still massively exposed to pesticides due to residing or working in agricultural areas with intense pesticide application, exhibit hematological and biochemical alterations. Analyses were conducted on 62 individuals exposed to pesticides residing in a municipality located in the Midwest region of Brazil, with half of them being rural workers directly exposed (occupationally) and the remaining indirectly exposed. Besides hematological and biochemical parameters, sociodemographic, clinical, and occupational parameters were analyzed to discard biases in the study. No significant differences were found regarding the type of exposure in hematological parameters. However, in biochemical parameters, individuals directly exposed to pesticides showed a higher frequency of altered levels of cholinesterase, as well as higher levels of AST, ALT, and GGT compared to those indirectly exposed to pesticides (p<0.05), the latter also in relation to normality parameters. Total cholesterol, VLDL, and triglycerides were significantly elevated in both groups, possibly due to the overweight of the participants. Therefore, this study showed that individuals indirectly exposed to pesticides, although considerably exposed to large quantities of pesticides daily, undergo fewer biochemical alterations than workers directly exposed. However, these results do not exclude the need for monitoring these individuals, nor the possibility of alterations due to indirect pesticide exposure. Further studies involving comparison between rural populations exposed directly and indirectly to pesticides should be conducted in other populations, as exposure profiles may differ from each location due to differences in pesticide loads and application frequencies employed.
BEBIDA MISTA DE MARACUJÁ COM INHAME FERMENTADA COM BACTÉRIA PROBIÓTICA: AVALIAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA, MICROBIOLÓGICA E SENSORIAL
Authors: Oliveira Bernardo Cristiany , Beatriz Araújo Martins Inayara , Peron Taciane , Lopes Martins Maurilio , Vilela Talma Simone , William Hidalgo Chávez Davy , Cristina de Almeida B. Campos Renata , Mauricio Furtado Martins Eliane
Published: July 2024

Bebidas de frutas são veículos promissores de bactérias probióticas. Objetivou-se nesse estudo desenvolver bebida mista de maracujá com inhame fermentada com Lactcaseibacillus rhamnosus HN001 e avaliar a viabilidade do probiótico, o número mais provável de coliformes, pesquisa de Salmonella spp., pH, acidez, sólidos solúveis totais, carotenóides totais e cor das bebidas armazenadas a 4 °C por 28 dias. A análise sensorial também foi realizada utilizando escala hedônica de 9 pontos e os dados avaliados por Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP). A contagem de L. rhamnosus HN001 foi > 8,0 log UFC/mL ao longo dos 28 dias de estocagem da bebida, que se manteve segura para consumo. Não houve variação das características físico-químicas, de cor e de carotenóides entre os tratamentos (p > 0,05) e apenas a acidez da bebida fermentada variou ao longo do tempo (p < 0,05) em função da fermentação.  A aceitabilidade das bebidas foi maior no início da vida de prateleira, com notas acima de 7,0. Na ACP, os componentes 1 e 2 explicaram 98,7% da variância dos dados, havendo formação de dois grupos distintos representados pela bebida controle e fermentada no tempo 0 (grupo 1) e pelas bebidas aos 28 dias (grupo 2). A bebida mista é um veículo promissor de L. rhamnosus e o produto obtido pode ser consumido pela população em geral.
CONTROLE DE ENDOPARASITOS GASTROINTESTINAIS DE OVINOS PELA AÇÃO DO ÓLEO ESSENCIAL DA FOLHA DO MARMELEIRO (Croton blanchetianus)
Authors: Mota Yandra , Alencar França Ana Karoline , LOPES BATISTA JOÃO INACIO , Cavalcanti de Albuquerque Cynthia , Soares Batista Jael , Diógenes Suassuna Bezerra ANA CARLA
Published: July 2024

Parasitoses gastrointestinais tem se tornado um grande problema na criação e desenvolvimento de pequenos ruminantes, em razão da utilização incorreta de anti-helmínticos associados a práticas de manejo inadequadas causaram o surgimento de resistência parasitária. Com isso, espécies vegetais podem ser utilizadas no intuito de controle alternativo, com destaque para o marmeleiro (Croton blanchetianus) que possui bioatividade e eficácia comprovadas contra microrganismos, ectoparasitos e endoparasitos em ovinos. Diante disso, o objetivo dessa pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito ovicida in vitro do óleo essencial das folhas de C. blanchetianus no controle de endoparasitos gastrointestinais em ovinos. O óleo essencial foi extraído por hidrodestilação em um aparelho do tipo Clevenger, no período de 2h30 min, a uma temperatura de 100 ºC. As amostras fecais foram coletadas diretamente da ampola retal com seleção dos animais pelo término do período residual de 90 dias. Em seguida foi realizada a contagem de ovos por grama de fezes acima de 2000 ovos, esses foram recuperados e iniciou-se o teste de eclosão. O óleo essencial nas concentrações 8 %, 12 % e 16 %, apresentou inibição de eclosão igual a 79 %, 81% e 82 %, respectivamente. Portanto, o óleo obtido através da folha de C. blanchetianus apresentou inibição à eclosão de ovos, podendo torna-se uma alternativa viável contra parasitos que acometem os ovinos.
MÉTODOS E TECNOLOGIAS EMPREGADOS NO TRATAMENTO DE RESÍDUOS HOSPITALARES: UMA PROSPECÇÃO DE PATENTES
Authors: Gondim Jacqueline Graciela Silva , Genovez Williany Markes de Oliveira , Silva Daniel Farias , Almeida Jorge Henrique Ferreira de , Moraes Ranielton de Macêdo , Correia Diniz Michely
Published: July 2024

Este trabalho tem como objetivo fazer uma análise de patentes que oferecem tecnologias para tratamento de resíduos hospitalares. A pesquisa se deu através de bancos de dados nacionais como o instituto nacional da propriedade industrial (INPI) e internacionais como World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) e European Patent Office (EPO) por meio de palavras-chave. O Brasil é um dos integrantes do PCT (Patent Cooperation Treat), no entanto apesar deste acordo, os EUA e a China, ainda, apresentam uma maior representatividade nos sistemas de patentes relevantes. Tendo em consideração que o descarte de resíduos hospitalares é uma problemática recorrente, é importante o incentivo em pesquisas para o desenvolvimento de novas técnicas a nível nacional de modo a garantir a autonomia da produção.
CONTROLE POSTURAL DE ATLETAS DE FUTSAL FEMININO PRÉ E PÓS TEMPORADA
Authors: Santos Vaneska Rios dos , Wentz Daniella Ebert Wentz , Lara Simone , Graup Susane , Teixeira Lilian Pinto
Published: July 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o controle postural de atletas de futsal feminino pré e pós-temporada. Esse estudo longitudinal incluiu uma amostra formada por atletas de futsal amadores adultos do sexo feminino, integrantes de uma equipe do interior do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, em competição em nível regional. As atletas foram avaliadas em dois momentos: pré-temporada e ao final da temporada, totalizando sete meses de acompanhamento, quanto ao controle postural (por meio de uma posturografia dinâmica - Sistema EquiTest®), através dos testes de controle motor e do teste unilateral. Reitera-se que ao longo desse tempo, realizou-se um programa preventivo, incluindo exercícios de equilíbrio, mobilidade articular e força muscular com as atletas. Como resultados, foram acompanhadas 10 atletas (22,3±6,48 anos, 61,3±8,82kg de massa corporal, e 160,6±5,50 cm de estatura). O controle postural das atletas não se modificou pré e pós temporada (p>0,05). Com base nesses achados, sugere-se que os estímulos do trabalho preventivo não foram suficientes para causar mudança no desfecho, relacionado com as variáveis de controle postural das atletas. Ademais, em final de temporada, as atletas apresentam situações de fadiga muscular, devido ao alto número expressivo de horas de treinamento e jogos decisivos, e esse fator pode ter influenciado a não melhora do equilíbrio das atletas.
Research on Flood Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning Technology Based on UAV Remote Sensing and AI Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Zhongliang , Wang Changyuan
Published: July 2024

This paper, based on UAV far-flung sensing science and synthetic brain algorithm, studies the monitoring and early warning technological know-how of flood catastrophes. Firstly, the far-flung sensing monitoring science of flood catastrophes is summarized. Then, blended with geographic records machine (GIS) technology, the UAV far-flung sensing science software in flood catastrophe monitoring is analyzed. Finally, combining the micro-UAV technological know-how and AI technology, the key applied sciences of the micro-UAV flood catastrophe monitoring and early warning device primarily based on AI imaginative and prescient are studied, along with the lookup of the micro-UAV key gadget and the lookup of AI imaginative and prescient key technology. The key device lookup of micro-UAV is the definition of mindset. Mindset A mindset lookup on key applied sciences of AI, imaginative and prescient broadly speaking, expounds the precept of CNN and introduces Faster RCNN. It lays the groundwork for the later lookup on flood catastrophe monitoring and early warning technological know-how primarily based on UAV far-off sensing and AI algorithms.
Research on Optimization of Communication Network Security and Intelligent Supervision Model in Urban Community Aging Adaptation Renovation
Authors: Yang Liu
Published: July 2024

In the process of increasing the number of elderly people, their care and attention have received greater attention, which has made traditional community environments face insufficient data encryption performance and data mining services in the communication network security of aging communities. This has made communication security optimization and intelligent monitoring models in urban community aging adaptation and transformation a focus of research in the field of data communication security. This study delves into the improvement and enhancement of intelligent monitoring models for communication network security in urban communities. Its goal is to improve the security and intelligent monitoring mode of data communication networks during the transformation process through technological innovation and progress in management practices, and further improve the security performance of data communication. This research has solved the communication network security problems existing in intelligent devices and Internet services in the community aging transformation. Through the analysis of improvement strategies, this article compares the basic performance indicators of data encryption, firewall performance, data analysis and mining, and intelligent recommendation in communication network security and intelligent recommendation between different models. The optimization of communication network security in urban community aging adaptation can ensure the data security of terminal devices and further improve and enhance intelligent recommendation services for aging, providing more references and suggestions for communication network security and intelligent monitoring.
The City as an Object of Legal Science: Problems and Prospects of Legal Regulation
Authors: Filin A. Yu.
Published: July 2024

One of the modern trends in the development of society and the State is total urbanization, which is embodied in the withering away of the rural way of life and the concentration of population and capital in megacities and surrounding agglomerations. The paper examines the historical patterns of urbanization, investigates the place of the city in the system of humanitarian knowledge, and explains the emergence of a new interdisciplinary field of urban research, namely, legal urbanology, the subject of which is the legal space of a modern city. Historically, cities have been centers of politics, trade, and education, and the spread of urban life has become one of the integral features of the capitalist mode of production that is the dominant economic system of production and distribution at the present stage. Nevertheless, the legal regulation of urban relations is associated with a number of problems that require resolution both at the theoretical level and at the legislative level. In this regard, the paper analyzes current Russian legislation, as well as subordinate and departmental rulemaking for compliance with the requirements of the time and evaluation of the effectiveness of regulating the foundations of the legal space of the city. To resolve the identified problems, it is proposed to adopt a systematic program act, the preparation of which can take into account the experience of foreign regulation of the sphere of urban relations.
Assessment of health risks posed by heavy metal contamination of wild mushrooms and berries
Authors: Stepovaia Daria A. , Unguryanu Tatiana N.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: One of the primary objectives in ensuring food security for the population is to reduce the mitigate the risk of chemical contamination in food. Wild mushrooms and berries have the potential to accumulate heavy metals from the environment, posing a threat to human health if consumed.
AIM: To assess the risk of developing general toxic effects associated with the consumption of wild mushrooms and berries on health of the adults living in the Arkhangelsk region.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The amount and frequency of mushroom and berry consumption by the adult population of the Arkhangelsk region was assessed by a survey (n=445). Intake of heavy metals contaminating mushrooms and berries was calculated using four scenarios. Hazard Quotients (HQ) were used to characterize the risk of developing overall toxic effects due to exposure to mercury, arsenic, lead, and cadmium. Hazard Indexes (HI) for substances with unidirectional effects were employed to assess the risk of non-cancerous effects on critical organs and systems. Quantitative data were presented as medians (Me) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), and the 90th percentile (P90).
RESULTS: In total, 82% and 70% of respondents were engaged in collection of mushrooms and wild berries, respectively. On average, they reported consuming 180 grams of fresh or frozen berries, 133 grams of berries with juice, and 50 grams of mushrooms in soup or boiled/fried form per week. The Hazard Quotients (HQ) for all heavy metals did not exceed 1.0. The Hazard Index (HI) calculated for the average consumption of mushrooms and berries, as well as the average heavy metal contamination of wild plants was below 1.0.
However, at high levels of mushroom (P90 — 417 g/week) and berry (P90 — 900 g/week) consumption, along with high levels of heavy metal contamination, elevated risk of developing general toxic effects on the endocrine- (HI=2.27), cardiovascular- (HI=2.0), digestive- (HI=2.0), nervous- and immune systems (HI =1.81 for both) and kidneys (HI=1.25) were detected. Forest mushrooms and wild berries can be consumed without restriction at an average level of their contamination. However, in cases of heavy metal contamination of mushrooms and berries at the P90 level or above, it is not recommended to exceed daily consumption of 400 grams of forest mushrooms and 650 grams of wild berries.
CONCLUSION: Consuming high amounts of wild mushrooms and berries at the upper limit of exposure to heavy metals, may lead to an elevated risk of developing toxic effects on endocrine, nervous, immune, cardiovascular, and digestive systems.
Determinants of the morbidity of the rural population in Russia during the COVID-19 pandemic: a regional aspect
Authors: Bylina Svetlana G.
Published: July 2024

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data from the Federal State Statistics Service, as well as statistical materials from the digest “Rural Healthcare in Russia in 2021”, provided by the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Russian Research Institute of Health” of the Russian Ministry of Health were the main sources of information for this study. Analytical procedures included Pearson correlation analysis, factor analysis (principal component method), hierarchical cluster analysis, multiple linear regression with backward elimination method for selecting variables.
RESULTS: Six typological groups of regions of the Russian Federation were identified based on the variations in the morbidity rates of the rural population across certain classes of diseases including infectious and parasitic diseases, neoplasms, diseases of the circulatory system, diseases of the respiratory system, digestive system, and external causes. It has been established that there was a differentiation in the regions of Russia in terms of factors influencing the morbidity rate of the rural population by the main classes of diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021. Healthcare system, medical and social factors had the greatest impact on the overall morbidity in the regions of the fourth and fifth classification groups, on the detection of some infectious and parasitic diseases in the regions of the second, fifth and sixth groups, and respiratory and digestive diseases in the third classification group. The housing quality in the regions of almost all groups was one of the most significant social factors. Economic conditions had a significant impact on the incidence of infectious and parasitic diseases in the regions of the third and sixth groups, as well as on the level of injuries and some consequences of external causes in the regions of the first and third groups. Environmental factors were significant determinants of morbidity in the regions of the fifth group. At the same time, regression analysis showed associations between selected factors for all classification groups of regions for some infectious and parasitic diseases. The smallest number of models has been defined for the incidence of neoplasms and circulatory organs.
CONCLUSION: Contribution of socioeconomic, demographic, environmental and natural factors to rural public health should guide the development of policies aimed at development of rural healthcare taking into account regional characteristics.
The impact of the importance of the life priority "Health" in the formation of the patient's attitude to the organization of medical care provided on an outpatient settings
Authors: Cherkasov Sergey N. , Martirosov Aram V. , Karailanov Mikhail G. , Fedyaeva Anna V. , Moroz Irina N.
Published: July 2024

AIM: to analyze the influence of the structure of the life priority “health” in shaping the patient’s attitude towards the organization of medical care provided in an outpatient setting.
MATERIALS AND METHODS OF RESEARCH: Primary data were obtained through an anonymous survey of 486 patients of medical organizations in Moscow. In total, the author’s questionnaire offered eight priority options: “Family”, “Work”, “Education”, “Career”, “Health”, “Material goods”, “Spiritual values”, “Faith (religion)”. When answering, the respondent arranged the proposed priorities in hierarchical order according to the degree of decreasing importance in relation to himself personally. As a division into comparison groups, the concept of standard structure was used, that is, the correspondence of the individual structure of life priorities to the collective structure. The main group (147 people) included patients who considered the life priority “Health” to be very significant. Patients included in the control group (112 people) placed the life priority “Health” in the fourth and subsequent places in the hierarchy, that is, they considered it less important compared to other priorities. 228 patients ranked the life priority “Health” in third place (the majority) and they were excluded from further consideration.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The overall assessment of the activities of a medical organization providing medical care in an outpatient setting does not depend on the place in the hierarchy of life priorities of the “Health” value, however, with an average frequency of visits, which is the most common characteristic of the need for outpatient medical care, the value of the assessment of the quality of the organization of the activities of a medical organization is higher in the control group of patients, that is, with a low importance of the life priority “Health”.
CONCLUSION: Despite the higher integral ratings given by patients with a low importance of the life priority “Health”, and a lower proportion of those who did not express any complaints about the organization of the clinic’s activities, they expressed more complaints about certain aspects of the organization of the work of the medical organization and its mode of operation.
Procedure for licensing medical activities at the present stage: problems and ways to overcome them
Authors: Kolenova Valeria V. , Shepeleva Yulia L.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: One of the tools for ensuring the quality of medical care and medical services is licensing procedures for admission to medical activities, which include licensing. Licensing is indicated as a mandatory condition for carrying out medical activities in the list of types of activities for which licenses are required (clause 46 of Article 12 of the Federal Law “On Licensing of Certain Types of Activities”). Since life and health are the most important universal human values and are legally enshrined at the level of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the study of the healthcare sector, including from the point of view of legal support for procedures for admitting individuals and legal entities to medical activities, is of exceptional scientific and practical interest. It should be noted that the institution of licensing of medical activities is one of the legal institutions that is constantly undergoing legislative changes, which allows us to speak about the relevance and relevance of this issue. Issues of licensing medical activities quite often come to the attention of researchers, however, due to the dynamic changes in the current legislation on the issue under study and the presence of quite extensive judicial practice, they require additional research in order to resolve problematic issues that arise in practice.
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY: based on an analysis of the regulatory framework for licensing medical activities, to identify problematic procedural issues and determine ways to improve the current legislation regulating the provision of medical care and medical services.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using the method of expert assessments, an analysis was carried out of the regulatory framework of the Russian Federation regulating legal relations during the procedure for licensing medical activities by organizations of the public and private healthcare system.
RESULTS: Licensing as an institution of law is complex in terms of the legal relations it generates, combining at its core the legal norms of two broad branches of law — administrative and civil. At the same time, licensing is a mandatory criterion for the functioning of a medical organization and includes a number of requirements for such organizations. Despite the extensive regulatory framework on the issue under study, licensing requirements contain a number of problematic aspects that create obstacles for licensees and license applicants and require legislative approval. In this regard, the authors have proposed ways to resolve existing contradictions by making specific proposals to change the current legislation. The proposed optimization of the licensing procedure for all participants in this process, as well as minimizing the risks arising from these legal relations, according to the authors, fully meets the objectives of ensuring the rights of citizens to high-quality and safe medical care.
The new face of diabetes mellitus — rhythm and conduction disorders
Authors: Tyurypov Mark S. , Odnokol Polina O. , Kutelev Gennadiy G. , Komarova Uliana A.
Published: July 2024

This review article is devoted to changes in heart rhythm against the background of type 2 diabetes mellitus, which is one of the most common endocrine diseases. In recent years, there has been an increasing association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and heart rhythm disorders. Arrhythmias such as tachycardia, bradycardia and atrial fibrillation are common in patients with type 2 diabetes and can have serious consequences on health and quality of life. Type 2 DM is increasingly common worldwide due to the rise in sedentary lifestyles, overweight, abdominal forms of obesity, and diets containing too much fat and carbohydrates. Insulin-independent diabetes is a metabolic disease responsible for autonomic neuropathy of the heart that affects both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers, which can be explained by the adverse effect of blood glucose levels on heart rate variability (HRV). Although the gold standard is cardiovascular reflex tests to assess cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy, one of the most important is the measurement of heart rate variability (HRV). HRV is the variation between two consecutive contractions: the higher the variation, the higher the activity of the parasympathetic nervous system. A high HRV reflects the fact that a person can constantly adapt to changes in the microenvironment. Thus, low HRV is a marker of cardiovascular risk.
Features of the dental status of specialists-operators of underwater technical means of marine equipment
Authors: Shulenin Dmitry K. , Pototskaya Alina V. , Zheleznyak Vladimir A. , Parfenov Sergey A. , Kutelev Gennadiy G. , Shulenin Konstantin S. , Ivanov Valeriy S.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Conduct a comparative analysis of the dental status of specialists-operators of underwater technical equipment and military personnel of the St. Petersburg garrison.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of the dental formula of 66 contract servicemen was conducted. The main group consisted of 37 operators of underwater technical equipment aged 32 to 56 years, with average age of 44,7 ± 5,7 years. The comparison group included 29 officers of the St. Petersburg garrison aged 39 to 52 years, with average age of 46,3 ± 3,2 years. Dental status was assessed by the value of the intensity coefficient of carious process, and the level of dental care according to the generally accepted formula of P.A. Leus.
RESULTS OF THE STUDY: It was found that the dental status of underwater equipment operators differs significantly in the number of decayed and extracted teeth, and although their coefficient of intensity of the carious process did not have statistical differences, it was significantly less (10 units) than in the comparison group (11 units). These features were naturally reflected in the reliable differences in the indicator of the level of dental care. In the group of operators of underwater technical means, it amounted to 92,4 ± 14,1%, and in the group of officers of the St. Petersburg garrison — 57,1 ± 18,4%. There were no significant differences in the study parameters when patients were divided into subgroups by age (young, medium).
CONCLUSION: Despite the peculiarities of professional activity, the dental status and the level of dental care for underwater equipment operators are better than for officers of the St. Petersburg garrison. This can be explained not only by the higher level of medical and preventive dental care for these servicemen, but also by the better motivation to maintain dental health in connection with long autonomous trips.
Mass closure versus layered closure of midline laparotomy incisions
Authors: Babu Nirmal , Mondal Debashis , Hembram Rasbihari
Published: July 2024

Background: When surgeons started performing surgeries since 19th century, they have to impose wound on their patients and it is their duty to strive constantly to get these wounds to heal as quickly, reliably and severely as possible, and now the behaviour of surgical wound is largely predictable. This study aims to evaluate the benefits or otherwise between single layer closure and layered closure in a peripheral medical college.
Methods: All patients who have undergone emergency exploratory laparotomy in Department of General Surgery, College of Medicine and JNM Hospital, Kalyani
Results: In our study, out of 50 patients, most of the patients were >30 years old [19 (38.0%)]. Seven (28.0%) patients were >30 and <61 years of age in group A (mass closure) and 12 (48.0%) patients were >30 years of age in group B (layered closure). Age was not significantly associated with group in group A (mass closure) and group B (layered closure) (p=0.0540). We observed that, mean age was lower in group B (layered closure) (37.7600±14.8304) compared to group A (mass closure) (47.3600±15.0993) though it was statistically significant (p=0.0279).
Conclusions: In our study, out of 50 patients, most of the patients were >30 years old and age was not significantly associated with group in group A (mass closure) and group B (layered closure). We found that, male population and female population were equal in both two groups. Sex was significantly related with two groups. We observed that, Band adhesion and Perforated appendix were equal in both groups. Which was not statistically significant.
Interaction of rabeprazole with phenytoin sodium: a prospective study
Authors: P. M. Kshirsagar , K. C. Chandaliya , M. S. Baig
Published: July 2024

Background: Phenytoin Sodium, a commonly prescribed anti-epileptic, with narrow therapeutic index, may interact with Rabeprazole, a commonly used Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI), as both are metabolized by CYP2C19, potentially impacting bioavailability, therapeutic outcomes, and patient safety.
Methods: A total of 52 epileptic patients, previously stabilized on phenytoin, have now been prescribed Tab Rabeprazole for a minimum of 30 days and were included in the study after meeting the other inclusion criteria. On day-0, a blood sample was collected from these patients, and plasma phenytoin level was determined using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Additionally, clinical evaluations and assessments of other routine laboratory parameters were conducted. The Follow-up evaluations was done on day-15 and day-30, replicating the procedures employed on day-0, including both clinical, laboratory assessments and plasma phenytoin level measurement using HPLC. All data was recorded in the case report form, and statistical analysis was done.
Results: The mean Phenytoin level exhibited a non-significant increase, rising from 15.49 μg/ml on day-0 to 15.57 μg/ml on day-15 and further to 15.75 μg/ml on day -0. Notably, there was no change in epilepsy outcomes concerning both seizure frequency and adverse effects. Additionally, there were no statistically significant changes observed in epilepsy control, SBP, DBP, and routine laboratory parameters, including haemoglobin, TLC, DLC, platelet count, serum albumin, serum globulin, serum bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT, serum urea, serum creatinine, and BSL (random).
Conclusions: The co-administration of rabeprazole with Phenytoin resulted in a non-significant increase in Phenytoin levels, while maintaining stable control of epilepsy.
Evaluating public health awareness and hygienic interventions amidst the COVID-19 outbreak: insights from three districts in Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Walia Gurinder Kaur , Sharma Richa , Chopra Diksha
Published: July 2024

Background: This study aimed to elucidate the awareness, knowledge, and adoption of COVID-19 prevention measures, including the utilization of masks, hand sanitizers, social distancing, proper sanitation, and adherence to lockdown protocols, among residents of Hamirpur, Bilaspur, and Mandi in Himachal Pradesh, India. With a particular focus on vaccination strategies, this research investigates the pivotal role of vaccination in curbing the spread of the pandemic and reducing the associated morbidity and mortality rates.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from April to May 2022, involving a structured questionnaire designed to assess environmental impacts, testing knowledge, public health behaviors, and vaccine perceptions. The survey sample included participants from diverse socio-economic backgrounds. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential analysis to identify correlations between socio-educational factors and adherence to COVID-19 prevention measures.
Results: The findings indicate a moderate level of awareness and knowledge around 93.76% about COVID-19 prevention measures among the residents. However, significant gaps were identified, particularly in understanding the importance of vaccination and proper sanitation practices. The analysis revealed that socio-educational factors significantly influenced public attitudes and behaviors towards COVID-19 prevention. Notably, lower socio-economic groups exhibited lower adherence to recommended health behaviors.
Conclusions: The study underscores the critical need for targeted awareness campaigns to enhance public understanding of COVID-19 transmission, severity, and preventive measures. Educational initiatives should prioritize clear and accessible communication, especially for lower socio-economic groups, to mitigate the impact of the pandemic. Empowering communities with comprehensive knowledge is essential for effective public health management and reducing COVID-19 morbidity and mortality.
Clay ingestion induced hypokalemic paralysis: a rare case report in an elderly female with severe iron deficiency anemia
Authors: Gabani Raj K. , Kothiya Darpan , Patel Chintankumar , Hirani M. M.
Published: July 2024

Hypokalemic paralysis is a rare neuromuscular disorder characterized by painless muscle weakness resulting from low potassium levels, most commonly presenting during adolescence. In this case report, we detail the presentation and management of an 80-year-old female who experienced sudden onset bilateral limb weakness. Initial clinical assessment revealed the absence of reflexes and hypotonia in all four limbs without any gastrointestinal or neurological symptoms. Comprehensive diagnostic evaluation identified severe iron deficiency anemia and an unusual history of clay ingestion due to pica as the underlying causes of her hypokalemic paralysis. Treatment included intravenous and oral potassium supplementation, as well as packed cell volume transfusions, leading to a significant improvement in her symptoms and normalization of her potassium levels. This case highlights the need to consider atypical etiologies, such as pica-induced clay ingestion, in the differential diagnosis of hypokalemic paralysis, particularly in elderly patients with nutritional deficiencies. Early recognition and appropriate management are critical for favourable outcomes.
Knowledge and attitude towards human milk banking in reproductive aged women living in Georgia
Authors: Vashakidze Nika , Chikobava Elisabed , Jatchvadze Gvantsa , Kumar Yash Sailesh , Ullah Ahmed , Salian Karishma R. , Janukashvili Elene
Published: July 2024

Background: Breast milk is suggested as the ideal and sole early nutrition source for infants from birth to at least six months of age and should be viewed as a public health concern rather than a personal preference. Human milk banks (HMBs) play a crucial role in providing life-saving breast milk to premature and ill infants when maternal milk is unavailable. Georgia has ongoing efforts to establish the first official HMB facility.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study employing a simple random sampling method to select a sample of 287 women of reproductive age and to assess their knowledge and attitude toward HMBs.
Results: Despite a substantial knowledge gap (57% recognizing nutritional superiority, 51% acknowledging infection risk reduction), the main issue is low trust (30%) in future local milk banking facilities; if unable to produce milk, only 30% of women prefer donated human milk over formula. A statistically significant association has been recorded between personal neonatal intensive care unit admission history, higher educational status, and a more positive attitude toward HMBs.
Conclusions: This study provides a foundational basis for future healthcare initiatives to enhance acceptance and knowledge of HMBs, facilitating the optimal functioning of these facilities within the population.
Diagnostic utility of routine chest radiography in the evaluation of febrile neutropenia in children with cancer
Authors: Rahman Toshiba , Sultana Razia , Sultana Afroza , Khatun Habiba , Saha Ajanta Rani , Rahman M. Shaidur
Published: July 2024

Background: Evaluation of febrile episodes in children who have become neutropenic during treatment for malignant disease has traditionally included in this study through screening tests for foci of infection and chest radiography. This study aimed to find out the diagnostic utility of routine chest radiography in the evaluation of febrile neutropenic in cancer children.
Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out in Department of Pediatrics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, between January 2012 to September 2012. Total 60 patients, age 6-months to 15 years included in this study. 30 cases are febrile neutropenic and 30 patients are febrile non-neutropenic.
Results: All children had fever in both groups. Rales found 43.3% and 16.7% in group I and group II respectively. In group I majority (43.3%) patients had consolidation on CXR and in group II all patients had pleural effusion on CXR. Rhonchi observed 36.0% and 16.7% in group I and group II respectively. Cyanosis found only in group I, which was 16.0%. Pharygitis and pleural rub was not found in both groups. The average no of children was found 1.57±0.63 in group I and 2.0±0.83 in group II. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between two groups.
Conclusions: Most of the patients were ≤5 years age in both groups and male to female ratio was 1:1 in both groups.
Point of care estimation of B type natriuretic peptide levels in pediatric patients as a marker of cardiac disease
Authors: Bhaskar Vikram , Khalil Sumaira , Raj Mani , Batra Prerna
Published: July 2024

Background: Early recognition of heart disease in children can be challenging, because children often have a limited repertoire of presenting signs and symptoms. Primary purpose of our study was to compare the levels of BNP in cardiac and non-cardiac pediatric patients admitted in PICU.
Methods: The study was conducted prospectively on 45 patients admitted in PICU. The i-STAT POC device (Abbott, East Windsor, NJ) was used for BNP measurement. Patients aging 1 month to 12 years, were enrolled in three cohorts: 1) Cardiac cohort, consisting of patients presenting with features of heart failure, 2) non-cardiac patients admitted in PICU with respiratory distress, 3) Critically sick, non-cardiac patients (PELOD score >20) without respiratory distress.
Results: Mean BNP levels in cardiac cohort were 2273 (±1302) pg/ml, which were significantly higher than those observed in respiratory cohort (9655±1223 pg/ml) and other critical illness group (102±168). The area under the ROC curve for BNP was 0.956 and at a value of 837 pg/ml, BNP has a sensitivity of 93.3 and a specificity of 93% to correctly identify CHF in cardiac patients.
Conclusions: We concluded that BNP levels are significantly higher in cardiac patients and point of care BNP estimation can easily distinguish between cardiac and non-cardiac patients. We also found that though BNP is raised in respiratory illness as well, levels are not very high as compared to cardiac patients.
ELANE gene mutation related cyclic neutropenia with childhood systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report
Authors: Solo Dinai Lalnghinglovi , Jimo Likta N. , Muti Don William K. , Golmei Namganglung
Published: July 2024

ELANE related neutropenia includes congenital and cyclic neutropenia which are primary haematological disorders characterised by recurrent fever, skin and oropharyngeal inflammation (i.e., mouth ulcers, gingivitis, sinusitis, and pharyngitis). A congenital cyclic neutropenia syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterised by a cyclic reduction in the granulocyte proliferation pool in the bone marrow followed by the onset of neutropenia. Patients suffering from this disorder are susceptible to infections and clinically presents at early age. Patients having ELANE mutation combined with autoimmune diseases may have recurrent infections. This was a case report of a 3-year and 6-month-old female child presenting with recurrent pneumonia and oral ulcer. She had ELANE gene mutation associated cyclic neutropenia and was later diagnosed with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus. Hence, it is important to identify rare causes of immunosuppressive conditions in children presenting with recurrent infections to prevent several long-term complications.
Lysozyme addition to slightly hypertonic nasal spray in the treatment of acute nasopharyngitis: a prospective post-marketing study
Authors: Pintol Zumreta , Sukalo Aziz , Mehic Meliha , Tanovic Avdic Amna , Baljic Rusmir , Glamoclija Una
Published: July 2024

Background: Acute nasopharyngitis is often treated with hypertonic saline that can be combined with additional compounds, such as lysozyme. The aim of this study was to compare efficacy and safety of hypertonic saline solution with or without lysozyme in the treatment of acute nasopharyngitis.
Methods: Non-interventional, prospective, multicentre, observational, parallel study was conducted on adult subjects with symptoms of acute nasopharyngitis. Subjects were divided into hypertonic saline or lysozyme group (receiving slightly hypertonic nasal spray with addition of lysozyme). Time until the patency of both nasal passages was measured after the first application of therapy. The congestion severity was assessed by using a visual analogue scale before the therapy application, after 30 minutes, and after seven days. Adverse reactions were monitored and evaluated.  
Results: The total number of included subjects was 252 (60 in the hypertonic saline group and 192 in the lysozyme group). In both groups, a significantly better assessment of the severity of the nasal passages’ obstruction was recorded after 30 minutes and seven days from therapy start (for all compared time intervals p<0.001). The lysozyme group had a significantly lower nasal congestion score compared to hypertonic saline 30 minutes after therapy (p<0.001) and seven days from the therapy start (p=0.001). In the hypertonic saline group, a significantly shorter time was observed to establish the patency of the nasal passages after the first therapy application (p<0.001). All adverse events were mild.
Conclusions: Addition of lysozyme to slightly hypertonic nasal spray brings added value in the pharmacotherapy of acute nasopharyngitis.
Clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of post COVID-19 mucormycosis in a private ENT hospital in Surat: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Mehta Shailee , Wadia Farida , Wadia Mithram , Karulkar Alok
Published: July 2024

Background: Objectives of the study were to assess the age group affected, common presentation, extent of disease of mucormycosis and treatment modalities in post covid patients.
Methods: All covid positive patients or recently recovered from covid with features of mucormycosis endoscopically and radiologically were included in this study. All patients that came in the outpatient department were screened using nasal endoscope and CT scans were performed. Patient’s clinical findings and endoscopic findings were correlated with the scans during the pandemic and decision to operate the cases was taken. It was a team approach by otorhinolaryngologist, ophthalmologist, endocrinologist, intensivist and nephrologist. Patients were followed up to 1 year.  
Results: 65 patients that suggested of mucormycosis clinically, endoscopically, and radiologically were studied. It included 50 (76.9%) males and 15 (23.1%) females and histologically after operating, mucor was present in 44 cases (67.6) and 9 (13.8%) were aspergillosis.
Conclusions: Post-COVID mucormycosis was reported after the second COVID wave in India especially after steroid therapies in diabetic patients. Thus, a timely, aggressive, team approach using Modified Denkers or open maxillectomy along with proper intravenous antifungals is the key to survival in such patients.