bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SDGs in the Covid 19 Storm (Example on Climate Pact Ambassadors Role)
Authors: Jevtic Marija , Bouland Catherine
Published: February 2022

The Climate Pact was launched in December 2020, with hope that the upcoming vaccine would help us overcome the COVID-19 pandemic “storm”. Even though humans are in the canter of the Covid pandemic storm, it is still important not to forget the climate change challenge, as it is a highly active “factory”. Unfortunately, there is no vaccine for the climate change process and biodiversity crises. The Climate Pact is an opportunity to create a European-wide movement that supports, encourages and acknowledges individual climate achievements. According to SDG 13 (climate action), Climate Pact encourages actions such as: green areas, green transport, green buildings and green skills. Also, it is important to expand sustainable consumption and production, the quality of soil, healthy food and sustainable diets, oceans, and rural and coastal areas. Therefore, Climate Pact is a driver for Sustainable Development Goals, and it is based on the ideas and contributions of all interested individuals and various organisations. Climate Pact Ambassadors are representatives of civil society and citizens with the strength for action (despite the Covid 19 pandemic “storm”) and collaboration among themselves as well as with researchers, academic citizens and policy makers to beat climate change and give contribution to SDG 13.
The Role of Higher Education Institutions in Developing Employability Skills of Saudi Graduates Amidst Saudi 2030 Vision
Authors: Yusuf Nadia , Jamjoom Yussra
Published: February 2022

In alignment with sustainable goals outlined by Saudi Vision 2030, the research paper aimed to investigate the views on employability skills in higher education by exploring the perceptions of Saudi students and education leaders. The study’s qualitative design caters to the exploration of the practical significance of employability skills and attributes of Saudi graduates as a function allowing to address unemployment and strengthen the economy. The researchers analyzed two sets of qualitative data collected from a sample of Saudi students (n=49) and a sample of education leaders (n=6) with the help of Likert-scale questionnaires and open-ended questionnaires, respectively. Corroborated with the scholarly evidence, the explorative analysis of the data showed the practical significance of employability skills of Saudi graduates for achieving the country’s economic goals through the means of sustainable employability. Overall, the results are consistent with the current scholarship on the topic suggesting that all stakeholders should partake in the development of initiatives and programs that hone transversal employability skills. In the context of Saudi Arabia, the ongoing unemployment crisis necessitates the introduction of a national policy that would formulate a collaborative agreement between the three main stakeholders - employment-seekers, employers, and higher education institutions.
Sustainable Development of Agriculture in Poland – Towards Organization and Biodiversity Improvement?
Authors: Wrzaszcz Wioletta , Zieliński Marek
Published: February 2022

Presently, the sustainable development of agriculture is the priority for nations, organizations and generally for the world. Different aspects are considered in the issue of sustainability of agriculture. In agriculture sustainability evaluation, holistic approach is needed, that determine the selection of different indicators and important farms` group for the assessment. Environmentally sustainable agriculture is the state, that should be characterized by proper farms’ organization, as well as biodiversity conservation. Taking into account the need of sustainability, the its evaluation gaining the importance. The aim of the paper is to present the scope of progress in environmental agriculture sustainability in Poland. Using public statistics for 2005, 2007 and 2016 of Statistics Poland and data about areas with high nature value farmlands (HNVfs), the direction in which tends Polish agriculture was indicated, putting particular attention to agriculture production organization and biodiversity protection. There was used a set of indicators that enable to evaluate the analyzed phenomenon, based on uniform, national data and legal documents. Research results indicated that Poland has a great potential of valuable natural farming areas. Environmental development of agriculture is observed.
ANÁLISE DA INJEÇÃO E DISPERSÃO DAS PLUMAS DE FUMAÇA NA ATMOSFERA ORIUNDAS DAS QUEIMADAS DA AMÉRICA DO SUL
Authors: Zanin Gustavo Domingos , Cardozo Francielle da Silva , Pereira Gabriel , Rufino Paulo Ricardo , da Silva Viviane Valéria
Published: February 2022

Queimadas liberam gases traços e aerossóis para a atmosfera, fatores estes que modificam os ciclos biogeoquímicos, bem como o balanço de energia da mesma, levando a alterações locais e regionais do clima, decorrentes, por exemplo, do desmatamento da vegetação natural para a abertura de áreas destinadas à pecuária e agricultura. Para determinar as alturas de injeção destas fumaças de queima de biomassa sobre a América do Sul e com o objetivo de avaliar os impactos e as dinâmicas no transporte de longo alcance desses poluentes, foram analisadas imagens do sensor Multiangle Imaging Spectro Radiometer abordo do Satélite TERRA, com resolução de 275 m em nove ângulos, variando de 0° nadir a 70° fora do nadir. Com o software MISR INteractive eXplorer foram processadas as alturas, permitindo a criação de mosaicos multitemporais. Posteriormente, a partir de um programa originado em IDL/ENVI obteve-se os dados de interesse, como a localização, a potência radiativa do fogo e a altura de injeção de cada pluma. Após o processamento inicial, sucedeu a conversão dos dados e a inserção em Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG). Neste contexto, foi constatado que a maior fonte de emissões de poluentes são as queimadas que ocorrem sazonalmente na região Amazônica.
DA AUTOGOVERNANÇA À DEPENDÊNCIA DO PODER PÚBLICO: O ‘CIRCUITO ITALIANO DE TURISMO RURAL’ NO MUNICIPIO DE COLOMBO (PARANÁ, BRASIL)
Authors: Zai Clotilde , Sahr Cicilian Luiza Lowën
Published: February 2022

O turismo vem contribuindo para o desenvolvimento do entorno rural na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba, área de grande concentração urbana localizada no leste do estado do Paraná, Brasil. Roteiros turísticos rurais são os instrumentos utilizados para o fomento desse desenvolvimento. Analisa-se aqui a articulação entre roteirização turística e desenvolvimento territorial a partir da constituição de sistemas de autogovernança: as associações e os conselhos de roteiros. O aprofundamento empírico se volta ao ‘Circuito italiano de turismo rural’ no município de Colombo. A abordagem utilizada é qualitativa e se pauta em entrevistas de profundidade e observação in loco. Avalia-se o potencial natural e cultural explorado, as transformações ocorridas no sistema produtivo local e o processo de gestão do roteiro. O roteiro analisado, que tem Curitiba como principal público consumidor, apresenta-se como um exemplo de desenvolvimento territorial rural. Ele explora os potenciais da produção agrícola, das festas típicas, da gastronomia, da natureza e da arquitetura. Todavia, as dinâmicas autônomas vêm sendo gradativamente reduzidas, crescendo a dependência para com o poder público.
SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF RAINFALL EROSIVITY IN BRAZILIAN AMAZONIA: A HYDROLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE BASED ON CMORPH TECHNIQUE
Authors: Souto Jefferson Inayan de Oliveira , Lobato Richard Reno da Costa , Lima Ilale Ferreira , Pfeiff Greicy Kelly , Brenda Caroline Sampaio da Silva
Published: February 2022

Rainfall erosivity is one crucial factor that controls soil erosion. The interannual variability of rainfall erosivity in Brazilian Amazonia connected to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. This paper presents a study of the effects of Sea Surface Temperatures anomalies for El Niño region on rainfall erosivity in the Brazilian Amazonia. Rainfall erosivity across was assessed using 30 minutes rainfall data from Climate Prediction Center MORPHing technique during the period from 1998 to 2019. Results indicated that average rainfall erosivity is stronger during La Niña events and weaker during El Niño events. The annual value of rainfall erosivity ranged from 8241 to 24310 (Mj mm ha−1 h−1 year−1). Results also indicated that the effects of extending northward over Brazilian Amazonia showed a significant correlation (P <0.05) between annual rainfall erosivity and annual precipitation. The El Niño-Southern Oscillation conditions was determined to exert the most substantial influence on rainfall erosivity. This information would be useful in the implementation of new soil conservation strategies.
El derecho a la privacidad y la protección de datos personales transfronterizos
Authors: Robles Osollo Ana Gloria
Published: February 2022

El derecho humano a la privacidad y el manejo de los datos personales transfronterizos, demanda la máxima protección frente al intercambio de información que se desarrolla entre los distintos países por diversos temas, como la salud, la política, el comercio y por el uso de las nuevas tecnologías, así como, la posible colisión con el derecho al acceso a la información. Analizar el tratamiento y normativa europea, así como, la recepción normativa mexicana como país latinoamericano de vanguardia y firmante del Convenio 108 de Estrasburgo es de la mayor importancia.
Magic, Necromancy, and the Nonhuman Turn
Authors: Ahn SunYoung
Published: February 2022

Across the humanities and the social sciences, critical attention is being given to the nonhuman as an ecological, philosophical, and political problem—the nonhuman here meaning anything from animals and plants to manufactured objects. Going under names as various as new materialism, political ecology, and object-oriented ontology, these studies comprise a movement that is largely described as the nonhuman turn.
The Effect of Internal Growth Rate and Cash Holding on the Sustainability of Owners' Wealth Growth: Applied Study of a Sample of Companies Listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange
Authors: Majeed Arshed F.
Published: February 2022

The sustainability of owners' wealth growth is essential for measuring the management performance, and also improves the continuum and the survival of the firm. In this study, the researcher will investigate the effects of the Internal Growth Rate and Cash Holding Ratio to the sustainable growth rate (proxy of owners' wealth growth), based on the data from the companies listed on the Iraqi Stock Exchange in the period ranging between 2008 and 2018. The study also determined the best combine effect of the variables which would help in the interpretation of the variance of the sustainable growth rate (SGR). Hence, for achieving this objective, the researcher made three hypotheses for exploring the explanatory power of the different variables of the sustainable growth rate. The study observed a linear relationship between the Internal Growth Rate (IGR), Cash liquidity Ratio and the ratio between the firm size and firm SGR. The internal firm growth and the firm size showed a good linear relationship. However, the relationship between the firm size and SGR showed the best linear model. The researcher made a vital conclusion that despite the variations in the Iraqi economic condition, the companies tested could manage their assets, as their assets were based on the internal resources, particularly, the retained earnings.
Insecurity, loneliness and their impacts on Left behind [liushou] women, children and the elderly in Chinese villages -- a Commentary
Authors: FENG HAIYING , Squires Victor
Published: February 2022

Change is occurring at a rapid rate in China. Policy reforms, regional development are going ahead at an unprecedented pace. Inevitably, some strata of society have been left behind. This paper focuses on the plight of the ‘left behind’ who comprise mainly children who are in the care of their grandparents, some of whom are elderly.  New developments in agriculture (now more highly femininized) innovative land transfer policy, and land consolidation all have an impact on creation of ‘hollow villages’.  We assess the importance of current and past developments and conclude with some recommendations about future research priorities and suggestions to local government officials and decision makers.
Implementation of Independent Learning in Independent Campus by Distance Learning at Private Universities in Bogor During the Covid 19 Pandemic
Authors: Arifien Yunus , Susdiyanti Tun , Maslahat Mamay
Published: February 2022

The Covid-19 outbreak has hit the world of higher education, forcing all universities in Bogor to implement a distance learning system. Distance learning means that there is a significant change from face-to-face conventional learning to distance learning from home. However, during this pandemic it is still rare for research to focus on distance learning on student satisfaction, the application of independent learning in independent campuses and the competence of graduates in private universities. This study aims to determine the implementation of independent learning on an independent campus by distance learning at private universities in Bogor during the covid 19 pandemic. The research method used is descriptive and different test. Data analysis includes reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions.  The results of the study can be concluded that (1) distance learning at universities has been carried out well during the covid 19 pandemic with the satisfaction level of PUAS students, (2) in the application of independent learning on an independent campus, subjects with calculations such as statistics are better with conventional learning methods instead of e-learning, it is a subject without a count, such as the environment and Pancasila, on the other hand. Likewise, for courses taken outside the study program, students can take part and get better grades, and (3) the competence of graduates from private universities through distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic is good and can work and adapt in their place of work.
Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) on Website Quality (Webqual): An Evidence from A Higher Education Institution in Indonesia
Authors: Maryana Lina , Komaladewi Rita , Mulyana Asep , Saefullah Kurniawan
Published: February 2022

This paper attempts to evaluate the quality of website of the Faculty of Economics and Business of University X in Indonesia, using the WebQual model and map it using Importance Performance Analysis. The study uses a quantitative method of Importance Performance Analysis (IPA), by using an online survey with a WebQual questionnaire. Samples were collected through an accidental sampling, involved 70 samples, collected from the stakeholder of the faculty, representing students, lecturers, partners as well as general public.

The result of the study reveals that Information Quality poses the most performed of the Website Quality while Usability was the least ones. The result recommends any higher education institution to evaluate information provided in their website to its stakeholder, should consider its usability as it is the most important factor which is needed by website visitors.
Informationsmanagerin gesucht – Die Rolle wissenschaftlicher Bibliotheken in der Forschungsberichterstattung in Deutschland
Authors: Petersohn Sabrina , Thiedig Christoph
Published: February 2022

An die Feststellung, dass sich Bibliotheken mit neuen Spezialisierungen bereits eine wichtige Rolle als Kuratorinnen von Forschungsdaten erarbeiten, schließt sich die Frage an, welche Rolle die Erhebung und Verarbeitung von Forschungsinformationen im Rahmen der Forschungsberichterstattung als forschungsnahe Dienstleistung im Aufgaben- und Kompetenzportfolio wissenschaftlicher Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare zukünftig spielen wird. Auf Basis der Auswertung von Stellenanzeigendaten der Jahre 2005 bis 2020 und einer Onlineerhebung werden formale Tätigkeits- und Kompetenzanforderungen von Bibliothekspersonal in der Forschungsberichterstattung und dessen gegenwärtige Tätigkeitsprofile sowie wahrgenommene Kompetenzbereiche untersucht.
Assessment of using electronic portal imaging device for analysing bolus material utilised in radiation therapy
Authors: Özseven Alper
Published: February 2022

In this study, the feasibility of using electronic portal imaging device (EPID) as an analysing equipment for bolus material was evaluated in terms of its dosimetric parameters. Seven superflab bolus material samples, 4 samples of 0.5 cm (S1–S4) and 3 samples of 1 cm thickness (S5–S7), were analysed and compared with tissue equivalent water phantom, which was selected for reference material. Gamma analysis method was used to evaluate the dose distribution of the boluses. In addition, 487,204 point-dose values of each bolus were compared with the point-doses of corresponding reference material by using Spearman’s correlation coefficient analysis. The passing rates varied from 58.3 to 100% for 0.5 cm thick samples, and on the other hand, the passing rates of all the 1 cm thick boluses were 100%. All the correlation coefficient values were above 0.975. The correlation was statistically significant for all the samples (p < 0.001). The correlation coefficient of S4 bolus sample was the highest among the 0.5 cm thick bolus samples with a result of 0.989. Likewise, S5 and S6 bolus samples were the highest among the 1 cm thick ones with a result of 0.995. The results indicated that the material planned to be used as bolus can be evaluated with EPID in daily use.
The distribution of /w/ and /ʍ/ in Scottish Standard English
Authors: Li Zeyu , Gut Ulrike
Published: February 2022

The Scottish English phoneme inventory is generally claimed to have a /ʍ/-/w/ contrast, although several studies have suggested that this historical contrast is weakening for Scottish English speakers in the urban areas of Glasgow, Edinburgh and Aberdeen. Little is known about whether the /ʍ/-/w/ contrast is maintained in supraregional Scottish Standard English (SSE). This study sets out to explore, based on the phonemically transcribed ICE-Scotland corpus, the distribution of [ʍ] and [w] in SSE, their acoustic properties and potentially influencing social and language-internal factors. A total of 1,241  tokens were extracted from the corpus, together with a matching number of  tokens, and the median of harmonicity was measured. The results show that [ʍ] and [w] produced for words beginning with  are acoustically distinct from [w] produced for words beginning with . [ʍ] is relatively frequent in SSE, but most speakers use both [ʍ] and [w] interchangeably for  and some never use [ʍ]. The realisation of  as [ʍ] is determined by preceding phonetic context and speaker gender.
Expectant management of placenta accreta after a mid-trimester pregnancy loss: a case report and a short review
Authors: Fumagalli Diletta , Bignardi Tommaso , Vanzulli Angelo , Corbella Paola Francesca , Meroni Mario Giuseppe , Interdonato Maria Lieta
Published: February 2022

Objectives

Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders are a significant cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Traditionally women with PAS are offered surgery, while expectant management is still considered investigational.

Case presentation

We present a case of expectant management of PAS after pregnancy loss at 19-weeks. PAS was suspected at sonography and confirmed by MRI. Patient was offered expectant management to preserve fertility. This consisted of leaving the placenta in situ, followed by in- and out-patient clinical and sonographic examinations and blood tests. After five weeks placental detachment occurred without major complications.

Conclusions

Our report suggests that expectant management could be a safe option in selected cases of PAS after mid-trimester pregnancy loss. We recommend expectant management should be offered in referral centers for PAS.
Coarctation of the aorta and persistent left superior vena cava: HDlive Flow features at 14 weeks of gestation
Authors: Hata Toshiyuki , Koyanagi Aya , Takayoshi Riko , Miyake Takahito , Nakai Yuichiro , Tani Kazumasa , Hayata Kei , Masuyama Hisashi
Published: February 2022

Objectives

A significant discrepancy between a large ductus arteriosus and a smaller aorta at their connection is key to diagnose coarctation of the aorta (CoA) at 14–16 weeks of gestation. CoA was associated with persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) in 21.3% of fetuses. HDlive Flow findings for CoA or PLSVC were obtained only in the third trimester of pregnancy. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no report on the prenatal findings of CoA and PLSVC using HDlive Flow with spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) before 20 weeks of gestation.

Case presentation

We present the trans-abdominal HDlive Flow features of CoA and PLSVC at 14 weeks of gestation. With a three-vessel trachea view on multiplanar view using color Doppler with STIC, PLSVC on the left side of the pulmonary artery was noted, and a narrowing aortic isthmus was suspected. A narrowing isthmus was also suspected with an aortic arch view. HDlive Flow clearly showed the spatial relationships among the right superior vena cava, aorta with narrowing isthmus, pulmonary artery, and PLSVC. A preductal ‘shelf’ was also suspected. No other fetal anomaly was noted. Neonatal echocardiography after delivery confirmed CoA and PLSVC.

Conclusions

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on HDlive Flow features of fetal CoA and PLSVC using STIC early in the second trimester of pregnancy.
Fetal neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin: a challenge in pregnancy management and infection assessment ‒ case report
Authors: da Cunha Sara Bernardes , Carneiro Maria Carolina Fortuna , Reis Inês Falcão , Rasteiro Cátia , Pinto Augusta , Teles Teresa Paula
Published: February 2022

Objectives

Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia is a rare condition associated with fetal and neonatal morbimortality. Prevention of recurrence includes intravenous immunoglobulin. One challenge in pregnancy surveillance remains the fact that maternal intravenous immunoglobulins therapy can result in false-positive infectious markers. The goal of this case report is to highlight the possible serological misdiagnosed infection associated with intravenous immunoglobulins therapy in pregnancy, and the difficulty of management in this time of a women’s life.

Case presentation

We report a case of a 38-year-old pregnant woman, with a previous affected child with fetal neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. To prevent recurrence, intravenous immunoglobulin treatment was administered in early second trimester. In the second trimester routine analysis, a positive anti-treponemal test and a toxoplasmosis seroconversion occurred. Infection suspicion based on test positivity of some infectious agents, after passive acquired antibodies, can lead to anxiety and subsequent unnecessary treatment.

Conclusions

Clinicians and pathologists must be aware of the possible acquisition of these antibodies during treatment and be able to counsel patients receiving intravenous immunoglobulin. Managing possible infectious intercurrences in pregnancy remains a challenge.
Inheritance of wood color, decay resistance, and polyphenol content of heartwood in full-sib families of Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carr.)
Authors: Nezu Ikumi , Ishiguri Futoshi , Suzuki Hinano , Takahashi Yusuke , Takashima Yuya , Hiraoka Yuichiro , Iki Taiichi , Miyashita Hisaya , Matsushita Michinari , Habu Naoto , Ohshima Jyunichi , Yokota Shinso
Published: February 2022

Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi) is an important plantation species in Japan as well as in Europe. The inheritance of wood color (L*, a* and b*), mass loss by a white-rot fungus (Trametes versicolor) and a brown-rot fungus (Fomitopsis palustris), and polyphenol content (as the taxifolin equivalent) in heartwood were examined for 75 trees in 15 full-sib families of L. kaempferi. The mean values of all trees were 74.5 in L*, 8.4 in a*, 23.0 in b*, 18.3 and 26.0% in mass loss by T. versicolor and F. palustris, and 0.045 µmol/mg in polyphenol content. The narrow-sense heritability (h
2) showed higher values in heartwood color (h
2 = 0.70–0.87), but mass loss and polyphenol content showed relatively lower values (h
2 = 0.00–0.33). Significant negative correlations were found between polyphenol content and mass loss by white-rot and brown-rot fungi. In addition, the polyphenol content of heartwood was significantly correlated with the color of heartwood. Similar results were obtained in genetic correlations. Thus, it is concluded that parents with lower L* and higher a* and b* in heartwood could produce progenies with higher polyphenol content in heartwood, thereby leading to higher decay resistance.
Dispersion strengthening of copper by internal oxidation of rapidly solidified Cu-RE alloys
Authors: Anzel Ivan , Kneissl Albert C. , Kosec Ladislav , Rudolf Rebeka , Gusel Leo
Published: February 2022

Combination of rapid solidification and internal oxidation was used for producing a fine dispersion of rare earth oxide particles in the copper matrix. An overall microstructural analysis has shown that the internal oxidation temperature, the rapidly solidified microstructure and its changing ahead of the internal oxidation front strongly influence the mechanism of the internal oxidation process and the resulting microstructure. The internal oxidation in a Cu –Yb alloy took place mainly by direct oxidation of intermetallic particles. Contrary to this, in a Cu – Er alloy two mechanisms of internal oxidation have been clearly observed: (i) Dissolution of intermetallic particles ahead of the internal oxidation front and oxidation of the erbium from the solid solution and (ii) direct oxidation of the Cu–Er intermetallic particles. While a reasonable optimum combination of processing conditions at internal oxidation in the solid state, yielding suitable oxide dispersions, seems to have been identified for the Cu–Er alloy, the same was not true for the Cu–Yb alloy. However, the internal oxidation of the Cu–Yb alloy in the semisolid state, which occurs by alternation of two processes – Yb oxides precipitation and Cu matrix solidification – led to a relatively uniform dispersion of Yb oxide particles.
Influence of charged hydrogen on tensile behavior of a pressure vessel steel at relatively
high temperatures
Authors: Wu X. Q. , Kim I. S.
Published: February 2022

The influence of hydrogen charged cathodically on the tensile behavior of pressure vessel steel SA508 Cl.3 has been investigated in the temperature range 200– 350 °C. It was found that the charged hydrogen induced a marked softening and a decrease in ductility at these temperatures, especially in the dynamic strain aging (DSA) region. Correspondingly, some flat or brittle-like areas appeared on the fracture surfaces locally and the dimples became smaller and shallower. Moreover, the presence of hydrogen moved the critical temperature at which DSA takes place to a higher temperature. The possible interactions between hydrogen and DSA at relatively high temperatures and the related mechanisms are also discussed according to the above experimental results.
Structural and mechanical characteristics of ZA27-7 wt.% SiC composites produced by powder metallurgy techniques
Authors: Božić Dušan , Devečerski Aleksandar , Dimčić Biljana , Vilotijević Miroljub , Rajković Višeslava
Published: February 2022

This paper describes a study of the structural and mechanical properties of Zn-matrix composites discontinuously reinforced by 7 wt.% SiC particles of size 0.7 µm. Commercial Zn-rich Zn–Al –Cu (ZA27) alloy was gas atomized, the resulting powder was mixed with a SiC powder and hot compacted into cylindrical pellets. Metal powder and powder mixture were pressed at 230°C for 60 min, under a pressure of 170 MPa. The compressive strength testing was performed in the temperature range from 20°C to 170°C with a deformation rate of 2.4 × 10 –3 s–1. Detailed microstructure characterization of samples has been evaluated by optical and scanning electron microscopy.
Calorimetric study of Zn13La
Authors: Morishita Masao , Koyama Koichiro , Tsuboki Kouhei
Published: February 2022

The thermodynamic properties of Zn13La were investigated by calorimetry. The standard entropy of formation at 298 K,

Δ
f

S

298

°

${{\Delta }_{\text{f}}}S_{298}^{{}^\circ }$

was determined from measuring the heat capacities, Cp
, from near absolute zero (2 K) to 300 K by the relaxation method. The standard enthalpy of formation at 298 K,

Δ
f

H

298

°

${{\Delta }_{\text{f}}}H_{298}^{{}^\circ }$

was determined by solution calorimetry in hydrochloric acid solution. The standard Gibbs energy of formation at 298 K,

Δ
f

G

298

°

${{\Delta }_{\text{f}}}G_{298}^{{}^\circ }$

was determined from these data. The coefficient, γ, of the electronic term contributing to the heat capacity of Zn13La was similar to the composition average of the values of pure Zn and La, indicating that the 5d- and 4f-electron states for La are localized in the vicinity of the Fermi energy level.
Effect of grain size on the static strain aging of a ULC-bake hardening steel
Authors: De A. K. , Vandeputte S. , Soenen B. , De Cooman B. C.
Published: February 2022

Bake hardenability in ultra low carbon bake hardening (ULC-BH) steels is primarily influenced by the (i) solute carbon content in the matrix, (ii) dislocation density and (iii) grain boundaries. Grain boundaries in fine-grained steels significantly change the dislocation distribution and carbon-concentration profiles from grain interior to the grain boundary and correspondingly, the bake hardening response may change. The present study examines the effect of different grain sizes (66–15 µm) on the bake hardening behavior of a ULC-BH steel (total carbon content 24 wt.ppm) as a function of tensile strain (2–5%) and aging temperatures (50–170°C). The carbon concentration profiles across the grains of different sizes have been evaluated both through modeling calculations and experimental measurements. Results showed that the bake hardening decreases with decreasing grain size in general, but there is a critical fine grain size corresponding to a specific amount of tensile strain, at which the bake hardening increases significantly due to the contribution of grain boundary carbon and increased dislocation density adjacent to the grain boundaries.
Nanowires for 2D material-based photonic and optoelectronic devices
Authors: Lee Ha Young , Kim Sejeong
Published: February 2022

Nanowires have garnered considerable attention in photonics and optoelectronics due to their unique features. Owing to the large surface area and significant potential of usage as a resonator and waveguide in photonic integrated circuits (PICs), nanowires have been applied in many research areas in nanophotonics. To enhance the properties of light emitting materials, the hybrid of nanowires and 2D materials has been deployed in many papers. This paper summarises recent studies on the application of various types of nanowires in photonics and optoelectronics, as well as the combination of nanowires and 2D materials. This review article introduces nanowires that act as resonators or/and waveguides to increase the performance of 2D materials used in PICs for light enhancement and guiding. Moreover, the review lays out the hybrid of nanowires and 2D materials that have been studied in the field of optoelectronics. The hybridization of nanowires and 2D materials for photonics and optoelectronics is discussed in this review for the outlook of future studies.
Social Media and the Political Engagement of Young Adults: Between Mobilization and Distraction
Authors: Matthes Jörg
Published: February 2022

Purpose

Scholars have expressed great hopes that social media use can foster the democratic engagement of young adults. However, this research has largely ignored non-political, entertainment-oriented uses of social media. In this essay, I theorize that social media use can significantly dampen political engagement because, by and large, young adults use social media primarily for non-political purposes, which distracts rather than mobilizes.

Design/methodology/approach

I illustrate this argument using aggregate level data from the U.S., Germany, Switzerland, and Japan by comparing relative voter turnout and social media use data of young adults.

Findings

Data suggest a so called Social Media Political Participation paradox in those countries: The gap in voter turnout between young adults and older generations has not significantly decreased, despite a skyrocketing rise of social media use on the side of young adults, and the overwhelming research evidence that social media use fosters offline political participation.

Implications

When trying to understand the implications of social media for democracy across the globe, entertainment-oriented content needs to be brought back in.

Originality/value

This essay challenges the dominant research paradigm on social media use and political participation. It urges future research to theoretically develop, describe, and empirically test a comprehensive model of how social media use has the potential to mobilize and to distract.
Deficiency indices of block Jacobi matrices and Miura transformation
Authors: Osipov Andrey
Published: February 2022

We study the infinite Jacobi block matrices under the discrete Miura-type transformations which relate matrix Volterra and Toda lattice systems to each other and the situations when the deficiency indices of the corresponding operators are the same. A special attention is paid to the completely indeterminate case (i.e., then the deficiency indices of the corresponding block Jacobi operators are maximal). It is shown that there exists a Miura transformation which retains the complete indeterminacy of Jacobi block matrices appearing in the Lax representation for such systems, namely, if the Lax matrix of Volterra system is completely indeterminate, then so is the Lax matrix of the corresponding Toda system, and vice versa. We consider an implication of the obtained results to the study of matrix orthogonal polynomials as well as to the analysis of self-adjointness of scalar Jacobi operators.
Lilia Esthela Bayardo Rodríguez, Entre el lujo, el deseo y la necesidad. Historia del gasto familiar y del consumo moderno en la Ciudad de México, 1909-1970
Authors: Moreno Juárez Sergio
Published: February 2022

Reseña a: Lilia Esthela Bayardo Rodríguez, Entre el lujo, el deseo y la necesidad. Historia del gasto familiar y del consumo moderno en la Ciudad de México, 1909-1970.
Les compétences du 21e siècle : associer la pensée à la pratique
Authors: De Champlain Yves
Published: February 2022

Les compétences du 21e siècle ne constituent pas un corpus conceptuel stable. Tous s’entendent toutefois sur leur tripolarité : savoir-faire, savoir-être et savoir-vivre-ensemble. Tous s’entendent également sur la nature de ces compétences, à la fois transdisciplinaires et ancrées dans les technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC). De là, nous postulons que la nature même des compétences du 21e siècle demande un renversement transdisciplinaire des pratiques pédagogiques, celui d’une pratique transdisciplinaire réfléchie, ainsi qu’un outil ancré dans les TIC, en mesure d’opérationnaliser ce renversement. Cet article posera les bases d’une telle pédagogie et d’un tel outil en s’appuyant sur un portfolio électronique transdisciplinaire novateur : Passages.
Comment transformer un référentiel de littératie numérique en un outil de médiation pédagogique ? Analyse pratique.
Authors: Platteaux Hervé , Moccozet Laurent , Levy Arik , Molteni Laura , Ortoleva Giulia , Roth Patrick , Salietti Emmanuelle , Sancey Elsa
Published: February 2022

Les référentiels de littératie numérique sont des outils de médiation. Ceux issus de la recherche ou d’instances éducatives précisent des dimensions (« pensée critique », « production de contenus numériques ») facilitant une médiation stratégique. Comment transformer ces référentiels pour faciliter une médiation pédagogique ? Deux éléments apparaissent essentiels : 1) décrire les compétences en composantes hiérarchiques et 2) contextualiser et approfondir leurs descriptions. L’article témoigne d’actions d’innovation menées en parallèle dans les Universités de Fribourg et de Genève pour produire des ressources sur les compétences numériques à partir de référentiels pédagogiques à l’intention des étudiant·e·s de baccalauréat et de maîtrise.
“This woman’s resistance to her son’s paying tribute”
Authors: Gharala Norah L. A.
Published: February 2022

This article focuses on how women of African descent responded to colonial taxation. From the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries, free Afrodescendants were subject to a royal tribute tax based on their African ancestry. This tribute was also based on genealogy, gender, and family. The article argues that women petitioners referred to their marriages as evidence of their exempt tributary status, as they sought to mitigate the effects of tribute. Without denying their African ancestry, free mulatas asserted their family histories. These petitions caused colonial officials to re-examine what women of African descent owed the Spanish crown.
Deconfinement of Quarks and Gluons in Nucleus-nucleus Collisions
Authors: Gorenstein M.I.
Published: February 2022

The energy dependence of hadron production in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions reveals the anomalies. They were predicted as the signals of the deconfinement phase transition and observed by NA49 collaboration in Pb + Pb collisions at the CERN SPS. This indicates the onset of the deconfinement in central nucleus-nucleus collisions at about 30 AGeV.
Permittivity of Plasma in Random Fields of Moderate Intensity
Authors: Zasenko V.I. , Zagorodny A.G. , Weiland J.
Published: February 2022

The permittivity of plasma in the electric field of random waves of moderate intensity is given in terms of the particle transition probability between two points of the phase space. The transition probability was found as an approximate solution of the Fokker–Planck equation. Validity of this analytical approximation was verified by the direct simulation of the particle diffusion in a field of random waves.
Structure Verification of Small Molecules
Authors: Thiele H. , McLeod G. , Krebs I.
Published: February 2022

The high mass accuracy of the MS and MS/MS data provided by the new generation of ESI-TOF- and ESI-Q-TOF mass spectrometers provides an accurate determination of molecular weight, which is used specifically for the structural verification and purity determination of substances. The high separation of the isotope profile for both MS and MS/MS spectra affords further dimensions of information to achieve precise molecular formula determination.
Interfacial Entropy Profile in the One-loop Approximation
Authors: Bertrand C.E. , Anisimov M.A.
Published: February 2022

The near-critical interfacial entropy profile is calculated in the one-loop approximation of renormalized field theory. The shape of the profile is broadened by fluctuations and goes beyond the mean-field coupling between the entropy and the order parameter. The excess interfacial entropy and heat capacity are calculated by using the entropy profile. The interface creates corrections to the heat capacity and entropy of order χ/L, where $\xi$ is the correlation length, and L is a characteristic length of the system. These results are discussed in relation to finite-size scaling, surface critical phenomena, and the results of experiments and simulations.
Study of Mixed Clusters of Water and N,N'-dimethylethyleneurea
Authors: Bende A. , Almásy L.
Published: February 2022

Intermolecular interactions between a single water and two N,N'-dimethylethyleneurea (DMEU) molecules have been investigated using local and density-fitting approximations of the standard Møller–Plesset perturbation theory (DF-LMP2) with the aug-cc-pVTZ basis set. Six stable configurations have been found. In the first three, the water molecule intercalates between two DMEU molecules. In the next three configurations, the water molecule is attached to a stacked DMEU dimer, and these structures are more stable than the first three. These results support the viewthat DMEU molecules can form contact pairs in dilute aqueous solutions.
Impact of Amphiphilic Nanostructures on Formation and Rheology of Interfacial Layers and on Foam Film Drainage
Authors: Arabadzhieva D. , Tchoukov P. , Mileva E. , Miller R. , Soklev B.
Published: February 2022

The aim of the present studies is to clarify how the surfactant adsorption layer properties are related to the course of the drainage parameters of microscopic foam films in the special case of aqueous solutions containing premicellar amphiphilic nanostructures. The scope of the research covers the adsorption dynamics, construction of equilibrium adsorption isotherms, surface rheology of interfacial layers, and foam film drainage kinetics. It is established that, in the premicellar domain, there are concentration intervals, where the considerable irregularities of adsorption layerproperties are observed: several plateau regions in the surface tension isotherms, unusual changes of the surface rheological characteristics, etc. The systematic investigation of the drainage of foam films obtained from these solutions show that the dependences of basic kinetic parameters of the films on the amphiphile concentration run in synchrony with changes in the adsorption layer properties. Thus, the presence of smaller loose aggregates (premicelles) plays a significant role for the kinetic stability of films. The importance of this research is related toproviding a better insight into the initial stages of self-assembling phenomena and into the factors determining thedrainage and the stability of thin liquid films. The results have implications for the understanding and the correct prediction of properties of foam systems.
Study of the Transport Properties of the Critical Binary Mixture Triethylamine − Water with an Ionic Impurity
Authors: Toumi A. , Hafaiedh N. , Bouanz M.
Published: February 2022

The binary liquid mixture of triethylamine + water (TEA–W) has a lower consolute point at a critical composition of 32.27 mass. % triethylamine. The shear viscosity (η) and the electrical conductivity (σ) in the single phase region of this system with added (K+, Cl–) ions at various concentrations are measured in the vicinity and far from the critical temperature TC. For the pure system without KCl salt, the viscosity measurements yield an enhancement, as expected, for the Ising criticality with a crossover to a regular behavior. Shear viscosity data are consistent with a power-law divergence η = η0(Qζ0)zt–y predicted by the mode-coupling and dynamic renormalization group theories. In the temperature range ∆T = TC – T < 2 ºC, the electrical conductivity (σ) exhibits a monotonous deviation from the Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann (VFT) behavior. This anomaly is described by a power law t1 –α, where t is the reduced temperature (T –TC)/TC, and α is the critical exponent of the specific heat anomaly at constant pressure. For the electrolyte mixtures, the obtained critical exponent values are in the range of those expected by the theoretical calculations for the Ising 3D universality class. By combining the viscosity and the electrical conductivity data, the value of the computed Walden product has been determined, and the salt dissociation degrees, as well as the Debye screening length, have been estimated.
Anomalous Diffusion in a Membrane System
Authors: Kosztołowicz T. , Lewandowska K.D.
Published: February 2022

We briefly discuss the physical basis of anomalous diffusion and equations with fractional derivatives, which describe this process. We also present the method of extracting subdiffusion parameters from experimental data.
A New Similarity between the Critical and Zeno-line Parameters
Authors: Apfelbaum E.M. , Vorob’ev V.S.
Published: February 2022

We set new regularities between the critical and Zeno-line parameters. The most important one has the form Tc/TB + ρc/ρB = S(β), where Tc and ρc are the critical temperature and density. The parameters TB and ρB determine the position of the straight line alongwhich the compressibility factor is equal to 1 on the density-temperature plane. The quantity S(β) is weekly dependent on the critical exponent β: S(β) = 0.64 for the classical value β = 0.5 and 0.67 for β = 1/3. We show that this similarity faithfully describes both the numerical simulation data and experimental data for a wide class of real materials.
Propanol Clustering in Argon Matrix: 2D FTIR Correlation Spectroscopy
Authors: Balevicius V. , Sablinskas V. , Doroshenko I. , Pogorelov V.
Published: February 2022

The dynamic FTIR spectra of propanol in the argon matrix have been measured using a thermal perturbation by heating the sample from T = 11 K to 30 K stepping by 1 K. The 2D Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) absorption correlation analysis has been carried out, the main attention being concentrated to the region of propanol O–H stretching vibrations at 3000–3700 cm–1. The peaks of monomers, two conformers of open dimer, and the cyclic structures from a dimer to a pentamer have been resolved and studied in more details. Analyzing the dependences of the integral band intensities of various aggregates on the temperature, it has been deduced that monomers and dimers act in the initial clustering stage as the main "building units" whose diffusion sustains the formation of the higher H-bond structures in the matrix. The full width at half height (FWHH) for each band has been processed as afunction of the aggregation number (n). It is found that the FHWW is a perfectly linear function of n for all cyclic aggregates n ≥ 2. The resonance broadening has been proposed to be the most reliable mechanism for the formation of diffuse O–H stretching bands in the matrix isolated clusters.
Percepção do papel de professor para profissionais de educação física recém-formados atuantes em academias de ginástica
Authors: Cruz João Vitor , Oliveira Rogério Cruz de
Published: February 2022

O objetivo do estudo consiste em compreender a percepção do papel de professor para profissionais de Educação Física recém-formados atuantes em academias de ginástica. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de uma entrevista semiestruturada versando sobre o papel do professor e o papel do professor em academias de ginástica, da qual participaram nove voluntários de ambos os sexos. A análise dos dados se deu por categorias não apriorísticas. Como resultado a percepção do papel de professor gravitou em torno de quatro categorias de análise: professor transmissor de conhecimento; professor influenciador; professor mediador do conhecimento, e; professor aprendiz. Quanto ao papel do professor em academias de ginástica tivemos outras quatro categorias de análise: conscientizador; acolhedor; instrutor; e; professor como aprendiz. Conclui-se que a percepção dos profissionais de Educação Física recém-formados em academias de ginástica sobre o seu papel como professor é múltipla, abrangendo desde perspectivas mais tradicionais até perspectivas mais críticas.