bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relato de experiência extensionista: radiação ionizante e suas aplicações
Authors: Fin Ana Paula Chaise , Alves Caroline De Oliveira , Campos Denise Da Rosa , Kargel Marina Guenter , Stoffel Scarlet Camargo Gomes , Farias Silmar Farina , Medeiros Caroline De , Silvar Charlene Da , Dorow Patrícia Fernanda
Published: September 2019

Objetivo: relatar a experiência extensionista vivenciada pelo “Projeto de extensão radiação ionizante e suas aplicações”. Método: além da pesquisa bibliográfica, utilizou-se um questionário como instrumento de amparo para elaboração deste relato de experiência. A ação envolveu: palestras para a comunidade realizadas no mês de junho de 2018 por alunos do Curso Superior de Radiologia do Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina Campus Florianópolis e aplicação de questionário para análise da aprendizagem do público alvo e reflexão da ação. Resultados: a ação de extensão obteve sucesso; foi constatado que a grande maioria do público alvo acertou de 39% a 43% das questões relacionadas à avaliação do conhecimento acerca da radiação ionizante. Conclusão: o presente projeto de extensão universitária é uma ponte permanente entre a instituição de ensino superior e a sociedade e apresenta grande relevância interdisciplinar, educativa, cultural, científica e política para a graduação em Radiologia.
Clínica e Academia Escola de Educação Física: prescrição de exercícios físicos baseados em evidências científicas
Authors: Queiroga Marcos Roberto , Ferreira Sandra Aires , Vaz Erica Dos Santos , Souza Sara Carolina Scremin , De Oliveira Lucas Eduardo Campos , Stavinski Natã Gomes de Lima , Fernandes Daniel Zanardini , Weber Vinicius Müller Reis , Da Silva Danilo Fernandes
Published: September 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever experiências e resultados vinculados ao projeto de extensão “Clínica e Academia Escola de Educação Física: prescrição de exercícios físicos baseados em evidências científicas”. O público atendido é constituído de pacientes portadores de doenças crônicas. A prescrição dos exercícios é planejada e ministrada por acadêmicos, pós-graduandos e docentes mediante informações individualizada do participante. O programa é elaborado considerando evidências científicas obtidas a partir de diretrizes e ensaios clínicos randomizados que respaldam a determinação da dose adequada de exercícios físicos individualizados. Resultados de 64 pacientes revelaram melhoras significativas na adiposidade abdominal, na força de preensão manual, na frequência cardíaca de repouso e na pressão arterial diastólica. Em relação à qualificação, observou-se envolvimento e interesse dos acadêmicos com programas de mestrado, de residência e com a prática profissional neste contexto, durante e após a graduação. A proposta extensionista tem potencial de desenvolvimento contínuo, aplicação prática e formação profissional, consolidando em importante papel das instituições de ensino superior no que diz respeito à consolidação da tríade acadêmica: ensino, pesquisa e extensão.
Núcleo de atenção farmacêutica: vivências e práticas junto à comunidade
Authors: Aparecida Martins Trindade Daniela , Cristina Ribeiro Allen , Merêncio dos Reis Jefferson , Morais Assis Thais , Marques dos Reis Tiago , Radighieri Rascado Ricardo , Marques Luciene Alves Moreira
Published: September 2019

Este artigo apresenta as atividades desenvolvidas e os resultados obtidos pelo Núcleo de Atenção Farmacêutica da Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG) nos anos de 2016 a 2017. O Núcleo de Atenção Farmacêutica da UNIFAL é um componente extracurricular para o curso de Farmácia, indispensável à consolidação dos conhecimentos adquiridos durante o curso. Com o farmacêutico atuando nas diversas vertentes da Atenção Farmacêutica, este projeto visa abranger pesquisa, ensino e extensão nesta área, incentivar o trabalho em equipe, promover atividades de ensino curricular e extracurricular, bem como orientar os pacientes quanto ao uso racional dos medicamentos a fim de promover a saúde. O projeto realiza reuniões semanais com discussões de casos clínicos, campanhas educativas para a população e comunidade acadêmica com aferição de parâmetros bioquímicos e fisiológicos, palestras educativas, seminários, eventos científicos como o Simpósio Internacional de Atenção Farmacêutica, Estudos Dirigidos em Atenção Farmacêutica (EDAF), acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico de pacientes portadores de doenças crônicas.
Projeto VER-SUS: panorama da atenção básica e da urgência e emergência no município de Campo Grande/MS
Authors: Lopes Eli Fernanda Brandão
Published: September 2019

Objetivo: Relatar a vivência de um grupo de acadêmicos de instituições públicas e privadas de diferentes estados do Brasil, dos cursos de serviço social, enfermagem, medicina, psicologia, odontologia e fisioterapia, que foram submetidos a um estágio de vivência, na modalidade de imersão, na realidade do Sistema Único de Saúde do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul através do projeto VER–SUS/MS, nas Unidades de Saúde da atenção básica (UBS e UBSF) e nas Unidades de Urgência e Emergência (UPAs). Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo no formato de relato de experiência, das vivências pregressas do VER-SUS/MS. Resultados: A vivência despertou o debate crítico a cerca da saúde pública no Brasil, possibilitando uma visão ampliada do panorama da atenção básica e da urgência e emergência no município de Campo Grande/MS. Conclusões: O VER-SUS trabalha com metodologia ativa na formação de trabalhadores de saúde na perspectiva da interação entre ensino/serviço/comunidade, estimulando a formação de trabalhadores comprometidos eticamente com os princípios e diretrizes do SUS e empenhados na defesa da saúde como direito universal. Período: As vivências ocorreram de 03 a 10 de fevereiro de 2018 em Campo Grande/MS.
A entoação das perguntas totais de estudantes de espanhol do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Ramos Patricia , Ancco Yesenia Verónica , Mateo Ruiz Miguel
Published: September 2019

No presente trabalho, apresentamos as características melódicas das perguntas totais do espanhol analisadas sob os pressupostos de Análise Melódico da Fala (AMH) (CANTERO, 2002; CANTERO; FONT ROTCHÉS, 2007, 2009), a partir de um corpus constituído por diálogos de estudantes universitários brasileiros de espanhol,no Rio de Janeiro, em um estudo piloto do curso de Idiomas sem Fronteiras (Espanhol) oferecido pela Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). A principal conclusão que podemos ter com este estudo exploratório é que, majoritariamente, estes falantes utilizam padrões interrogativos similares aos do espanhol da Espanha (Madrid), mas com percentuais de subida na inflexão final inferiores; em menor medida, um padrão descrito para o português, que em espanhol da Espanha tem significado enfático, não interrogativo.
Investigação da prosódia e da linguagem na interação mãe-bebê
Authors: Splendore Karen Moscon , Constantini Ana Carolina , Silva Kelly Cristina Brandão da
Published: September 2019

A fala dirigida ao bebê, ou manhês, possui padrões prosódicos específicos que convocam o bebê à interação e contribuem para a entrada do bebê no universo da linguagem. Diante dessa perspectiva, esse estudo quantitativo e qualitativo, transversal, teve por objetivos investigar a relação entre os padrões prosódicos da fala materna e a constituição do processo interativo mãe-bebê, assim como discutir a importância dessa experiência precoce da criança no seu processo de aquisição da linguagem. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de uma entrevista semiestruturada com as mães e gravação em áudio e vídeo da interação mãe-bebê. Os resultados obtidos a partir dos espectrogramas de fala materna, analisados no software PRAAT®, e das filmagens das reações do bebê, demonstram que as mães concebem seus filhos como parceiros dialógicos, sendo que os mesmos são atraídos pelas propriedades prosódicas específicas do manhês, dadas por taxa de elocução diminuída e extensão vocal aumentada, indicando que a prosódia materna desempenha uma função linguística desde os primeiros meses de vida. Espera-se que essa pesquisa auxilie no reconhecimento da importância da prosódia materna na interação mãe-bebê, a partir da qual é possível acompanhar o desenvolvimento linguístico do bebê, além de possibilitar a detecção precoce de possíveis alterações.
O corpus C-ORAL-ESQ e a estrutura informacional da fala de pacientes com esquizofrenia
Authors: Neves Rati de Melo Rocha Bruno
Published: September 2019

Esse trabalho apresenta o C-ORAL-ESQ, corpus oral de pacientes brasileiros com esquizofrenia. O corpus documentará 40 sessões de atendimento psicoterapêutico a pacientes de ambos os sexos, com faixa etária e nível de escolaridade variados. O C-ORAL-ESQ será segmentado em enunciados e unidades tonais a partir de um critério prosódico e pragmático, o qual concebe os enunciados como atos de fala (AUSTIN, 1962), ou seja, sequências com autonomia prosódica e pragmática (CRESTI, 2000). Além disso, o artigo reporta estudos de Cresti, Dovetto e Rocha sobre a estrutura informacional da fala de pacientes italianos com esquizofrenia (CRESTI; DOVETTO; ROCHA, 2015). Os autores notam em alguns pacientes uma tendência para produzir enunciados com menor variação de tipos ilocucionários e de unidades tonais não ilocucionárias.
Ressilabificação do rótico e fronteiras prosódicas no sul do Brasil
Authors: Serra Carolina Ribeiro , Alves Mário Gomes
Published: September 2019

Este artigo focaliza o processo variável de ressilabificação do [r], em contexto de coda silábica externa, diante de vogal em palavra subsequente (calo[r, ɾ, ¨, h] infernal ~ calo[Ø] infernal ~ calo[R]infernal), e sua relação com as fronteiras dos constituintes prosódicos, no português falado na região Sul do Brasil. São utilizadas amostras de fala de 12 indivíduos nascidos em Curitiba (4), Florianópolis (4) e em Porto Alegre (4), estratificadas por sexo – masculino e feminino e idade – 18 a 30 anos e 50 a 65 anos, todos com nível superior. O aporte teórico-metodológico adotado é o da Sociolinguística quantitativa e o da Teoria da Hierarquia Prosódica. Foram contabilizados 1136 dados contendo o rótico no contexto em questão, 159 em não verbos e 977, em verbos. A análise variacionista, de forma geral, apontou 1) a classe morfológica do vocábulo – não verbos, 2) a dimensão do vocábulo que contém o R – uma sílaba, 3) a qualidade das vogais dos núcleos silábicos – [+rec], e 4) o tipo de fronteira prosódica – palavra prosódica – como variáveis favorecedoras da regra de ressilabificação do rótico.
O que é prosódia?
Authors: Ladd D. Robert , Couto Tradução de Letícia Rebollo , Seara Izabel Christine
Published: September 2019

Trata-se do capítulo 3 de Simultaneous structure in phonology, composto de seis capítulos: (1) Gesto, traços e autossegmentos, (2) Fonética na fonologia, (3) Definindo prosódia, (4) Modulações, (5) Sobre a dualidade da padronização e (6) Eventos fonológicos (segmentação, eventos simultâneos e paralelos).
Electron beam irradiation of pharmaceuticals aiming at toxicity reduction: a binary mixture of fluoxetine and propranolol
Authors: Boiani Nathalia Fonseca , Silva Vanessa Honda Ogihara , Garcia Vanessa Silva Granadeiro , Sole Stephanie Valencia Del , Borrely Sueli Ivone
Published: September 2019

Significant evidence is available in the literature justifying the search for treatment technologies or process combinations to improve the decomposition of dozens of pharmaceuticals in wastewater. Conventional processing techniques are insufficient in removal of the pharmaceuticals, for having resistant waste and low biodegradability. Electron beam irradiation (EBI) may play an important role in this context, and relatively low doses have been reported for such purposes. The objective of this study was to apply the process of irradiation with electron beam in order to reduce the toxic effects of fluoxetine, propranolol, and a binary mixture of these pharmaceuticals in aqueous solution. Ecotoxicological tests conducted in two model organisms, Daphnia similis microcrustacean, and Vibrio fischeri bacterium. It was observed that D. similis was more sensitive to the pharmaceuticals and binary mixture, when compared to V. fischeri. When EBI was applied, all doses showed significant reduction of toxicity for D. similis, and the opposite for V. fischeri, when only 5.0 kGy showed a significant reduced of toxicity for the pharmaceuticals and binary mixture. 5.0 kGy was the best removal efficiency for toxicity, approximately 80% for D. similis and 20% for V. fischeri.
Morphology and size of the particles emitted from a GDI-engine vehicle and their ageing in an environmental chamber
Authors: Xing Jiaoping , Shao Longyi , Zhang Wenbin , Peng Jianfei , Wang Wenhua , Shuai Shijin , Hu Min , Zhang Daizhou
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Air pollution is particularly severe in developing megacities, such as Beijing, where pollutants from vehicles equipped with modern gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines must be paid enough attention. This study presents the characteristics of individual particles emitted by a GDI gasoline vehicle and their ageing in a smog chamber under the Beijing urban environment, as part of the Atmospheric Pollution & Human Health (APHH) research programme. Using electron microscopy, we identified the particles emitted from a commercial GDI-engine vehicle running under various conditions, namely cold start, hot start, hot stabilized running, idle, and acceleration states. Our results show that most of the particles were organic, soot and Ca-rich ones, with small quantities of S-rich and metal-containing particles. In terms of grain size, the particles exhibited a bimodal distribution in number vs size, with one mode at 800–900 nm, and the other at 140–240 nm. The amounts of organic particles emitted under hot start and hot stabilized states were higher than those emitted under other conditions. The amount of soot particles was higher under cold start and acceleration states. Under the idle state, the proportion of Ca-rich particles was highest, although their absolute number was low. In addition to quantifying the types of particles emitted by the engine, we studied the ageing of the particles during 3.5 hours of photochemical oxidation in an environmental chamber under the Beijing urban environment. Ageing transformed soot particles into core-shell structures, coated by secondary organic species, while the content of sulfur in Ca-rich and organic particles increased. Overall, the majority of particles from GDI-engine vehicles are organic and soot particles with submicron or nanometric size. The particles are highly reactive; they react in the atmosphere and change their morphology and composition within hours via catalyzed acidification that involves gaseous pollutants under high pollution levels in Beijing.
On the forcings of the unusual QBO structure in February 2016
Authors: Li Haiyan , Kedzierski Robin Pilch , Matthes Katja
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The westerly phase of the stratospheric Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) was reversed during Northern Hemisphere winter 2015/2016 for the first time since records began in 1953. Recent studies proposed that Rossby waves propagating from the extratropics played an important role during the reversal event in 2015/2016. Building upon these studies, we separated the extratropical Rossby waves into different wavenumbers and time-scales by analyzing the combined ERA-40 and ERA-Interim reanalysis zonal wind, meridional wind, vertical velocity and potential vorticity daily mean data from 1958 to 2017. We find that both synoptic and quasi-stationary Rossby waves are dominant contributors to the reversal event in 2015/2016 in the tropical lower stratosphere. By comparing the results for 2015/2016 with two additional events (1959/1960 and 2010/2011), we find that the largest differences in Rossby wave momentum fluxes are related to synoptic-scale Rossby waves of periods from 5–20 days. We demonstrate for the first time, that these enhanced synoptic Rossby waves at 40 hPa in the tropics in February 2016 originate from the extratropics as well as from local wave generation. The strong Rossby wave activity in 2016 in the tropics happened at a time with weak westerly zonal winds. This coincidence of anomalous factors did not happen in any of the previous events. In addition to the anomalous behavior in the tropical lower stratosphere in 2015/16, we explored the forcing of the unusually long-lasting westerly zonal wind phase in the upper stratosphere (at 20 hPa). Our results reveal that mainly enhanced Kelvin wave activity contributed to this feature. This was in close relation with the strong El Niño event in 2015/2016, which forced more Kelvin waves in the equatorial troposphere. The easterly or very weak westerly zonal winds present around 30–70 hPa allowed these Kelvin waves to propagate vertically and deposit their momentum around 20 hPa, maintaining the westerlies there.
Characterization of the air-sea exchanges mechanisms during a Mediterranean heavy precipitation event using realistic sea state modelling
Authors: Sauvage César , Lebeaupin Brossier Cindy , Bouin Marie-Noëlle , Ducrocq Véronique
Published: September 2019

Abstract. This study investigates the mechanisms acting at the air-sea interface during the heavy precipitation event that occurred between the 12–14 October 2016 over the north-western Mediterranean area, and that led to large amounts of rainfall (up to 300 mm in 24 h) over the Hérault region (South of France). The study case was characterized by a very strong easterly to southeasterly wind at low level (> 20 m/s) generating a very rough sea (significant wave height up to 6 m) along the French Riviera and the Gulf of Lion. In order to investigate the role of the waves on those air-sea exchanges during such extreme events a set of numerical experiments was designed using the Météo-France kilometer-scale AROME-France Numerical Weather Prediction model – including the WASP sea surface turbulent fluxes parametrization – and the wave model WaveWatchIII. Results from those sensitivity experiments in the forced or coupled modes showed that taking the waves generated by the model into account increases the surface roughness. Thus the easterly low-level atmospheric flow was slowed-down and the turbulent fluxes upstream of the precipitating system were significantly modified. This modified the forecast of the heaviest precipitation, notably in term of location.
Bayesian atmospheric tomography for detection and quantification of methane emissions: application to data from the 2015 Ginninderra release experiment
Authors: Cartwright Laura , Zammit-Mangion Andrew , Bhatia Sangeeta , Schroder Ivan , Phillips Frances , Coates Trevor , Negandhi Karita , Naylor Travis , Kennedy Martin , Zegelin Steve , Wokker Nick , Deutscher Nicholas M. , Feitz Andrew
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Detection and quantification of greenhouse-gas emissions is important for both compliance and environment conservation. However, despite several decades of active research, it remains predominantly an open problem, largely due to model errors and assumptions that appear at each stage of the inversion processing chain. In 2015, a controlled-release experiment headed by Geoscience Australia was carried out at the Ginninderra Controlled Release Facility, and a variety of instruments and methods were employed for quantifying the release rates of methane and carbon dioxide from a point source. This paper proposes a fully Bayesian approach to atmospheric tomography for inferring the methane emission rate of this point source using data collected during the experiment from both point- and path-sampling instruments. The Bayesian framework is designed to account for uncertainty in the parameterisations of measurements, the meteorological data, and the atmospheric model itself when performing inversion using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). We apply our framework to all instrument groups using measurements from two release-rate periods. We show that the inversion framework is robust to instrument type and meteorological conditions. From all the inversions we conducted across the different instrument groups and release-rate periods, our worst-case median emission rate estimate was within 36 % of the true emission rate. Further, in the worst case, the closest limit of the 95 % credible interval to the true emission rate was within 11 % of this true value.
Is there evidence for a 4.2 ka BP event in the northern North Atlantic region?
Authors: Bradley Raymond S. , Bakke Jostein
Published: September 2019

Abstract. We review paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic records from the northern
North Atlantic to assess the nature of climatic conditions at 4.2 ka BP,
which has been identified as a time of exceptional climatic anomalies in
many parts of the world. The northern North Atlantic region experienced
relatively warm conditions from 6 to 8 ka BP, followed by a general decline
in temperatures after ∼5 ka BP, which led to the onset of
neoglaciation. Over the last 5000 years, a series of multi-decadal- to
century-scale fluctuations occurred, superimposed on an overall decline in
temperature. Although a few records do show a glacial advance around 4.2 ka BP, because they are not widespread we interpret them as local events –
simply one glacial advance of many that occurred in response to the overall
climatic deterioration that characterized the late Holocene.
Long-term Variances of Heavy Precipitation across Central Europe using a Large Ensemble of Regional Climate Model Simulations
Authors: Ehmele Florian , Kautz Lisa-Ann , Feldmann Hendrik , Pinto Joaquim G.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Widespread flooding events are among the major natural hazards in Central Europe. Such events are usually related to intensive, long-lasting precipitation. Despite some prominent floods during the last three decades (e.g. 1997, 1999, 2002, and 2013), extreme floods are rare and associated with estimated long return periods of more than 100 years. To assess the associated risks of such extreme events, reliable statistics of precipitation and discharge are required. Comprehensive observations, however, are mainly available for the last 50–60 years or less. This shortcoming can be reduced using stochastic data sets. One possibility towards this aim is to consider climate model data or extended reanalyses. This study presents and discusses a validation of different century-long data sets, a large ensemble of decadal hindcasts, and also projections for the upcoming decade. Global reanalysis for the 20th century with a horizontal resolution of more than 100 km have been dynamically downscaled with a regional climate model (COSMO-CLM) towards a higher resolution of 25 km. The new data sets are first filtered using a dry-day adjustment. The simulations show a good agreement with observations for both statistical distributions and time series. Differences mainly appear in areas with sparse observation data. The temporal evolution during the past 60 years is well captured. The results reveal some long-term variability with phases of increased and decreased heavy precipitation. The overall trend varies between the investigation areas but is significant. The projections for the upcoming decade show ongoing tendencies with increased precipitation for upper percentiles. The presented RCM ensemble not only allows for more robust statistics in general, in particular it is suitable for a better estimation of extreme values.
The Cloud Resolving Model Radar Simulator (CR-SIM) Version 3.2:
Description and Applications of a Virtual Observatory
Authors: Oue Mariko , Tatarevic Aleksandra , Kollias Pavlos , Wang Dié , Yu Kwangmin , Vogelmann Andrew M.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Ground-based observatories use multi-sensor observations to characterize cloud and precipitation properties. A challenge is how to design strategies to best use these observations to understand the atmosphere and evaluate atmospheric numerical prediction models. This paper introduces the Cloud resolving model Radar SIMulator (CR-SIM), which uses output from high-resolution atmospheric models to emulate multi-wavelength, zenith-pointing, and scanning radar observables and multi-sensor (multi-radar and radar-lidar) integrated products. CR-SIM allows comparisons of the same variables between an atmospheric model simulation and remote sensing products using a forward modeling framework consistent with the microphysical assumptions used in the numerical model simulations. In this paper, we present several applications of CR-SIM for evaluation of a numerical model, quantification of retrieval uncertainty, and optimization of radar sampling strategy using observing system simulation experiments. These applications demonstrate that the application of CR-SIM as a virtual observatory operator on high-resolution model output helps interpret the differences between model results and observations and also improve under-standing of the representativeness errors due to the sampling limitations of the ground-based observatories. CR-SIM is licensed under the GNU GPL package and both the software and the user guide are freely available to scientific community.
Coastline evolution based on statistical analysis and modeling
Authors: Armenio Elvira , De Serio Francesca , Mossa Michele , Petrillo Antonio F.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Wind, waves, tides, sediment supply, changes in relative
sea level and human activities strongly affect shorelines, which constantly
move in response to these processes, over a variety of timescales. Thus,
the implementation of sound coastal zone management strategies needs
reliable information on erosion and/or deposition processes. To suggest a
feasible way to provide this information is the main reason for this work. A
chain approach is proposed here, tested on a vulnerable coastal site located
along southern Italy, and based on the joint analysis of field data,
statistical tools and numerical modeling. Firstly, the coastline morphology
has been examined through interannual field data, such as aerial
photographs, plane-bathymetric surveys and seabed characterization. After this,
rates of shoreline changes have been quantified with a specific GIS tool.
The correlations among the historical positions of the shoreline have been
detected by statistical analysis and have been satisfactorily confirmed by
numerical modeling, in terms of recurrent erosion–accretion area and beach
rotation trends. Finally, based on field topographic, sediment, wave and
wind data, the response of the beach through numerical simulation has been
investigated in a forecasting perspective. The purpose of this study is to
provide a feasible, general and replicable chain approach, which could help
to thoroughly understand the dynamics of a coastal system, identify typical
and recurrent erosion–accretion processes, and predict possible future
trends, useful for planning of coastal activities.
Prospects of Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse for Water Scarcity Mitigation and Environmental Pollution Control in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Alawode Oluwatobi Idowu , Ogedengbe Kola , Afolayan Ayodeji Fisayo , Adewuyi Oludamilare Bode
Published: September 2019

This paper discusses wastewater and proven techniques for wastewater remediation and reuses from the sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) perspective. Water scarcity and polluted water sources contribute to the death of a large population of people daily; most of whom are living in SSA. The vast availability of non-recycled wastewater and poor waste management infrastructures in SSA is the major contributing factor to environmental degradation and water pollution. In this paper, the challenges confronting wastewater treatment and reuse towards improving water resource management in SSA are discussed. One major issue identified in this work is the socio-cultural perception of people in SSA to the emerging trend of wastewater reuse for water resource conservation and management. One recognized approach by which wastewater reuse can be encouraged in SSA is by validating the quality of the reclaimed water through public sensitization. Another method is by introducing incentives that will motivate public acceptability of recycled water from wastewater treatment.
Myoepithelial carcinoma of the elbow diagnosed by immunohistochemistry: Case report of an uncommon neoplasm with metastatic recurrence
Authors: Mahapatra Madhura , Lambert Travis , Rahman El-Mallah Abdal , Balbi Andressa , Aziz Mohamad
Published: September 2019

Myoepithelial carcinomas have a nature of occurring infrequently. While the histopathological characterization is limited and so few cases have been reported, it is important to keep myoepithelial carcinoma on the list of differential diagnoses and should be ruled out like any other soft tissue tumor.
Cavernous hemangioma of the inferior vena cava: A first case report
Authors: JosA Flores-Palomar Francisco , JosA Raphael-Garza MarA­a , De-la-Concha-Tiznado Mauricio , Lara-Ruiz Ivan , Rene Monte de Oca-Orellana Claudio , Alfeiran-Ruiz Antonio
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Vascular malformations are anomalies of the vascular system, constituted by a network of vessels with mature endothelium, with normal cell replacement without proliferation capacity.

Case Report: We report the clinical case of a 25-year-old man who came to the hospital for left pelvic limb edema and lumbar pain. An ultrasonography (USG) and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) revealed deep vein thrombosis of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and left iliac vein and a 9.5 cm × 5 cm retroperitoneal nometabolic tumor compatible with perivascular lymphadenopathies. Exploratory laparotomy was performed, transperitoneum exploration of the retroperitoneum and resection of the tumor arising from the IVC and left iliac vein. Pathological examination revealed a 10 cm retroperitoneal tumor filled with venous vessels and fibrotic septa. Postoperative diagnosis was venous malformation of the IVC.

Conclusion: Cavernous hemangiomas are not true vascular tumors, but rather a congenital vascular anomaly. It is classified by International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies as venous malformation. This tumor is present from birth, and it grows with the child, they do not involute spontaneously. A differential diagnosis of vena cava tumors is leiomyosarcoma. This is the first case in literature of a vascular malformation (formerly called cavernous hemangioma) involving the IVC. It is important to know that this benign pathology has an excellent prognosis and survival after a successful surgery.
Bleeding and malignant pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: A Malaysian case series
Authors: Viknesh Muthu , Bin Hisham Faqihuddin , Sankaran Padmaan , Kong Choon Soon , Azim Bin Nik Abdullah Nik
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (PNEN) is a rare malignancy arising from the endocrine tissue of the pancreas. These tumors are classified based on functional (hormonal) status and malignant potential. Symptoms and signs are related to the hormonal function, tumor size, and metastatic effect. The majority are sporadic, non-functioning while insulinoma remains the most prevalent functional variety of these tumors.
Case Series: We present two cases of PNEN with different presentations and treatments; one with a resectable disease who presented as a rare case of bleeding PNEN, and the other who was unresectable due to extensive metastatic PNEN.
Conclusion: Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm is a heterogeneous group of disorder with a multitude of clinical presentation. Each patient must be investigated and managed appropriately according to the treatment of choice. In keeping with the purpose of this article, we suggest a bleeding PNEN, a rare occurrence, is best managed with surgery, while unresectable metastatic PNEN would benefit from appropriate medical therapy.
Coautoria ou orientação? Algumas questões éticas e científicas envolvidas na colaboração acadêmica entre orientadores e orientandos
Authors: Souza Marcelo Lopes de , Chaves Rafael Luiz Leite Lessa , Tavares Thiago Roniere Rebouças , Vieira Thiago Wentzel de Melo
Published: September 2019

A relação entre orientador e orientando é, sabidamente, assimétrica, e não apenas do ponto de vista da experiência profissional: em matéria de relações de poder, a margem de manobra de que um(a) jovem pesquisador(a) dispõe para dizer “não” a um(a) orientador(a) é, o mais das vezes, pequena, por várias razões. Isso gera uma fragilidade da qual o(a) pesquisador(a) mais velho(a) (e influente) não deveria, em hipótese alguma, se aproveitar. No entanto, a cada vez mais disseminada conversão de orientadores em “coautores natos” dos artigos que seus orientandos submetem a congressos ou periódicos suscita várias questões a propósito da consistência ética dos comportamentos profissionais em nossos ambientes acadêmicos. Longe, porém, de pretendermos conduzir a discussão em termos moralistas, tencionamos salientar o contexto geral do produtivismo acadêmico que vem engendrando um padrão comportamental crescentemente marcado, por parte de orientadores, por uma questionável apropriação de uma parcela da responsabilidade autoral, enquanto que, no que se refere aos orientandos, não raro se nota uma dimensão de “servidão voluntária” que leva à naturalização de determinadas práticas, com isso dificultando grandemente o seu tratamento crítico. Por trás do próprio produtivismo, contudo, há ainda algo mais profundo, de caráter estrutural: as dinâmicas do capitalismo contemporâneo, e em particular as características do neoliberalismo e seus efeitos sobre as instituições de produção de conhecimento científico.
A Proposed Educational Strategy for Promoting Political Participation among Jordanian University Graduates
Authors: Jarrar Amani G.
Published: September 2019

The study proposes an educational strategy to promote the concepts of political participation among graduate students of faculties of arts and education in Jordanian universities. Political participation is proven to be the result of socio-economic, cognitive, political and moral factors that differ according to Arab Jordanian culture. The study ends in proposing ways to activate political participation of youth in Jordan, pointing out ways to implement the educational strategy, mainly through reform in education to promote political participation, through promoting political youth initiatives, in addition to supporting government policies in Jordan to promote youth political participation.
The TNF-α, P53 Protein Response and Lung Respiratory Changes Related to Exercise, Chronic Hypoxia and Adiantum capillus-Veneris Supplementation
Authors: Yadegari Mehdi , Riahy Simin , Mirdar Shadmehr , Hamidian Gholamreza , Afkhami Seyed Mohsen , Saeidi Ayoub , Rhibi Fatma , Ben Abderrahman Abderraouf , Hackney Anthony C. , Zouhal Hassane
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Evidence suggests that hypoxia and high-intensity exercise training can increase apoptosis of lung cells and Adiantum capillus-veneris (Ac-v) extract can have anti-apoptotic effects. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of chronic hypoxia and the (Ac-v) extraction as a supplement on TNF-a and P53 protein expression as well as the respiratory surface. Material and methods: 24 healthy Wistar rats (age = 4 weeks, weight = 72 = 9 gr) were trained using interval training for 6 weeks followed by a 3-week stay in hypoxia conditions. Half of the hypoxia samples received 500 ml/gr/per body weight daily (Ac-v) within 3 weeks of hypoxia. At the end, the lung tissue was removed for histological and immunohistological analysis. Results: After 3 weeks of hypoxia exposure following 6 weeks of exercise, expression of P53 and TNF-a increased and the respiratory surface decreased (p ≤ 0.05). After 3 weeks of taking the Ac-v extract during hypoxia exposure, reduced P53 and TNF-a expression and the increased respiratory surface were observed (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Chronic hypoxia may be considered as a strong stimulus leading to the expression of proteins involved in apoptosis and tissue disruption. However, our findings suggest that the antioxidative properties of Ac-v extract could decrease the destructive structural and molecular events that happen along with hypoxia exposure or intense exercise training.
A Huge Fishhook in the Right Main Bronchus
Authors: Pantazopoulos Ioannis , Petraki Xristoyla
Published: September 2019

A 58-year-old male patient with no previous medical history presented to the emergency department with a non-productive cough and hemoptysis [...]
Disseminated Bacille Calmette-Guérin Infection at a Glance: A Mini Review of the Literature
Authors: Hassanzad Maryam , Valinejadi Ali , Darougar Sepideh , Hashemitari Seyed Karen , Velayati Ali Akbar
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Immunodeficient children are at a high risk of disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin [BCG] infection. We assessed the literature on clinical manifestations of BCGosis in children with specific primary immunodeficiencies. Material and methods: We conducted a systematic review of clinical practice articles by searching Medline, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar from their inception to date. Results: Thirty-seven articles were included regarding BCG vaccination and its dissemination in children with primary immunodeficiencies. Articles on dissemination after intravesicular BCG were excluded from the study. Conclusions: Since disseminated BCG vaccination may be the first manifestation of a primary immunodeficiency disease, a comprehensive search for immunological defects in children developing these problems after BCG vaccination seems rational.
Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Male with Sarcoidosis
Authors: Skowroński Marcin , Halicka Anna , Barinow-Wojewódzki Aleksander
Published: September 2019

A 45-year-old nonsmoking male patient was admitted with a nonproductive cough. He was in the follow-up for sarcoidosis stage II for 2 years [...]
Three-dimensional DC Resistivity Modeling using Galerkin Finite Element Method Composed by Tetrahedral Elements
Authors: Srigutomo Wahyu , Anwar Hairil , Agustine Eleonora , Mahardika Harry
Published: September 2019

Successful interpretation of DC resistivity data depends on the availability of a proper forward modeling scheme. In this study, a three-dimensional DC resistivity forward modeling scheme was developed using the finite element method. The finite element equations were obtained using a weakened form of the weighted-residual method called the Galerkin method. Discretization of the modeling domain was carried out by dividing it into smaller three-dimensional blocks and subdividing each block into five tetrahedral elements. A linear interpolation function was employed and elemental linear equations were set up, followed by formation of global matrix systems of equation and incorporation of proper boundary conditions. The conjugate gradient method was applied to solve the global system of equations, which in this study was proven to be more efficient than a direct solver, contributing to a 67% time reduction. Using a Wenner array configuration, comparison with theoretical calculation of the electric potential for a homogeneous model yielded a relative error of 3.66%. To confirm the applicability of this forward modeling scheme, apparent resistivity profiles for several basic three-dimensional subsurface resistivity models were compared with the analytical profiles, yielding an acceptable level of fitting.
The country of origin of services and consumers as the determinants of purchase intentions in medical tourism
Authors: Boguszewicz-Kreft Monika , Sokołowska Katarzyna , Magier-Łakomy Ewa , Janiūnaitė Brigita
Published: September 2019

The aim of the study is to find the determinants of the decision to purchase medical services in other countries. The following hypothesis is tested: the image of the country of origin, the power of the country and the origin of the consumer influence the consumer’s intentions to purchase medical services. An international comparison has been carried out, in which 264 respondents from Poland, Germany and Lithuania have participated. The data have been collected with the use of a questionnaire form developed by the authors, and they have been analysed with a mixed regression analysis. The results show that the readiness to purchase medical services differs, depending on the country of origin of services, the power of the country and the origin of the consumer. The results of the research can be applied in business practice and in the strategies developed by institutions shaping the image of the country and positioning it in the international context.
Agroholdings, turbulence, and resilience: The case of Ukraine
Authors: Gagalyuk Taras , Valentinov Vladislav
Published: September 2019

The agricultural sector in transitional and emerging market economies is marked by the prominence of agroholdings, i.e., conglomerates of agricultural enterprises controlling up to hundreds of thousands of hectares of farmland. Drawing on secondary information from Ukraine, this paper explores how institutional turbulence gives rise to agroholdings. The key hypothesis is that membership in an agroholding presents a strategy for agricultural enterprises to remain resilient in the midst of the severe institutional turbulence characteristic of a transitional economy. The focus on resilience provides a tentative explanation of why the remarkable growth of agroholdings fails to be accompanied by evidence of their superior efficiency.
The role of EU programmes in stimulating entrepreneurship in rural regions: A viewpoint from Bulgaria
Authors: Slavova Gergana , Ivanova Maya
Published: September 2019

The paper aims to examine rural entrepreneurship and the way it is enhanced by the EAFRD programme. The specific focus is on the perceptions and entrepreneurial behaviour of beneficiaries of hospitality and rural tourism projects in Bulgaria. The findings imply that participants demonstrate various entrepreneurship initiatives and call for closer cooperation with the local institutions, in order to maximize the overall effects. Involvement of higher public authorities, or programmes (such as EAFRD) considerably enhances rural entrepreneurship by providing a chance for potential entrepreneurs to start-up their own venture, and by determining general goals, which will affect both people and local institutions.
Comparative analysis of the criminal offence of the trafficking of human organs in the recently-formed countries of the Balkans
Authors: Beqiri Fejzi
Published: September 2019

The trafficking of human organs is a complex crime. In this respect, law enforcement institutions are confronted with wide-ranging problems in following the right path, beginning with the identification of criminal activity, the identification of the trafficking victim, the full investigation of the case and the taking of measures to bring the case to court so that the criminal has to face deserved punishment. The purpose of this article is to make a comparative analysis of the criminal offence of the trafficking of human organs in those states formed out of the former Yugoslavia, including the types and weights of criminal sanctions that are foreseen in the criminal codes in these states. It is apparent that some states in the region need to make changes to the provisions of their Criminal Codes in order to incriminate some forms of this offence, including as regards potential victims including children, women, elderly people, disabled people and others with limited capacities. Further work also needs to be done concerning potential perpetrators including corporate entities, medical professionals and criminal groups.
Further milestones in the economic development of south-eastern Europe
Authors: Paunović Sanja , Kosanović Rajko
Published: September 2019

This article updates the authors’ previous analysis of the economic position facing western Balkans countries. It analyses development between 2008 and 2018 in five countries from the region - Serbia; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Montenegro; North Macedonia; and Albania - and contrasts this with the three newest EU member states - Bulgaria; Romania; and Croatia. Its argumentation is based on the following parameters: GDP growth; GDP per capita; GDP at purchasing power parity; the share of investment in GDP; average monthly net wages; average monthly gross wages; inflation; the share of foreign and public debt share as a percentage of GDP; and balance of payments. In 2018, economic growth in the western Balkans reached 3.8 per cent, supported by increased public spending and, in Albania and North Macedonia, also by a rise in net exports. According to World Bank projections, western Balkans economies are projected to continue to expand in 2019-20, but this stable outlook is vulnerable and subject to risks, including not least the migration of well-educated and highly-skilled young people.
Das Subjekt als Verantwortungsträger in der Wirtschaft? Von den Grenzen individueller Verantwortung in der globalisierten Wissensgesellschaft und der Begründung von Unternehmensethik
Authors: Lingnau Volker , Fuchs Florian
Published: September 2019

›Dieselgate‹ und andere ›Wirtschaftsskandale‹, aber auch die durch die digitale Transformation beschleunigte Bildung von globalen Wertschöpfungsnetzwerken zeigen deutlich die Grenzen einer rein individualethischen Verantwortungszuschreibung für unternehmerisches Handeln. Werden - zumindest zusätzlich - auch Unternehmen als Verantwortungsträger angesehen, so ist festzustellen, dass der diesen Ansätzen zugrundeliegende philosophische Subjektbegriff zunehmend in die Kritik geraten ist. Deshalb schlagen wir vor, auf Basis eines systemtheoretischen Ansatzes soziale Systeme in Unternehmen subjektunabhängig als Verantwortungsträger mithilfe des intrinsisch bedeutsamen Erhalts der unternehmerischen Legitimität zu konzeptualisieren.
Thermal Fields in Laser Cladding Processing: A “Fire Ball” Model. A Theoretical Computational Comparison, Laser Cladding versus Electron Beam Cladding
Authors: Oane Mihai , N. Mihăilescu Ion , Ristoscu Carmen-Georgeta
Published: September 2019

Laser cladding processing can be found in many industrial applications. A lot of different materials processing were studied in the last years. To improve the process, one may evaluate the phenomena behaviour from a theoretical and computational point of view. In our model, we consider that the phase transition to the melted pool is treated using an absorption coefficient which can underline liquid formation. In the present study, we propose a semi-analytical model. It supposes that melted pool is in first approximation a “sphere”, and in consequence, the heat equation is solved in spherical coordinates. Using the Laplace transform, we will solve the heat equation without the assumption that “time” parameter should be interpolated linearly. 3D thermal graphics of the Cu substrate are presented. Our model could be applied also for electron cladding of metals. We make as well a comparison of the cladding method using laser or electron beams. We study the process for different input powers and various beam velocities. The results proved to be in good agreement with data from literature.