bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reflection of the activity of exchange institutions of Dnieper Ukraine of the second half of the XIX – beginning of the XX century in journalistic and memoir works
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Altukhov Oleksii
Published: February 2021

The article considers one of the little-studied aspects of socio-economic development of Ukrainian lands as part of the Russian Empire in the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries – coverage of the activities of the leading stock exchange institutions of the region in works of personal origin, in particular, journalistic works and memoirs of leading economists of the time. The urgency of studying various aspects of this topic is due to the need for a detailed study of the historical experience of the introduction of market relations in the Ukrainian economic realities. This task, in turn, allows us to develop a strategy for modern reform of the Ukrainian economic system, aimed at building a capitalist system. At the same time, among the least researched issues in modern domestic historiography is the activity of exchange institutions in Ukraine in the period under study. As a result of the study, the author came to the conclusion that journalistic and memoir works of contemporaries, as a separate component of the layer of sources of personal origin is an important layer of documentary materials. Written on the basis of personal impressions of the authors, they allow to consider the deep specifics of the leading exchange institutions of Ukraine, to show their "behind the scenes", to identify their shortcomings, which were criticized and exposed. These documents significantly complement the sources of other groups, which provide official information related to one or another aspect of stock trading. The article notes that further study of sources of personal origin will be carried out in subsequent scientific publications.
Legal implications of euthanasia without owner consent
Authors: Olley Louise
Published: February 2021

A veterinary surgeon and registered veterinary nurse must act in accordance with an animal owner's wishes and should respect their confidentiality. This can cause conflict as animal welfare should also be considered as a priority. Contradictory messages from legislation and the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons Code of Professional Conduct for Veterinary Nurses are confusing, however, guidance from these suggests that animal welfare overrides all. To practice clinical governance, veterinary teams should discuss ethical scenarios to prepare all staff for prioritising animal welfare while considering the views of the owner.
Socialisation: is it the ‘be all and end all’ of creating resilience in companion animals?
Authors: Hargrave Claire
Published: February 2021

A lack of socialisation is often referred to as a predisposing factor for the problem behaviours that companion animal owners report in their cats and dogs. Yet, many of the kittens and puppies that found new homes during 2020 will have experienced limitations in, or disruptions to, their opportunities for socialisation as a result of the complexities of the ‘normal’ environment both inside and outside their homes. This article examines the terms ‘socialisation’ and ‘socialise’ that are often used interchangeably when discussing the social competencies of companion animals. In addition, it considers the likely outcome of limited opportunities for comprehensive socialisation for the kittens and puppies of 2020, and whether such shortcomings in early development may be overcome.
Efficacy of Korean Medicine Combination Treatment on Recurrent Neck Pain After Medical Procedures: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Huh Hyo-Seung , Jeong Wu-Jin , Park Ki-Tae , Lee Sun-Ho , Kim Sun-A , Kim Min-Kyung , Kim Hye-Gyeong
Published: February 2021

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Korean medicine combination treatment on recurrent neck pain after medical procedures.Methods: This retrospective study included 158 inpatients of the Daejeon Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine who were diagnosed with “Cervical disc disorder with radiculopathy (M50.1)” between December 14th, 2017 and May 29th, 2019. The patients were assigned to 1 of 2 groups based on whether they received medical procedures on the cervical spine at least once. Korean medicine combination treatment was evaluated using EuroQol-5 dimensions index (EQ-5D), numeric rating scale (NRS), and neck disability index (NDI) scores.Results: Before and after treatment, the patients who received medical procedures on the cervical spine at least once before admission (Group A) showed a statistically significant difference in the NDI and NRS scores but not in the EQ-5D scores. This was similar to the patients who had not received medical procedures on the cervical spine before admission (Group B) they showed a statistically significant difference in the NDI and NRS scores but not in the EQ-5D scores. When comparing the results of Group A and Group B before and after treatment, no statistically significant differences were observed in the EQ-5D, NDI, and NRS scores.Conclusion: Korean medicine combination treatment improves the neck functional disability of patients who suffer from recurrent neck pain despite patients having undergone medical procedures.
An Experimental Study on the Relationship Between Temperature and Pressure Inside the Cup During Cupping Procedures
Authors: Lee Ha Lim , An Soo Kwang , Lee Jae Yong , Shim Dong Wook , Lee Byung Ryul , Yang Gi Young
Published: February 2021

Background: Pressure changes related to temperature variation during cupping may lead to dropout. This study aimed to investigate pressure changes related to temperature variations in the cup during the cupping procedure.Methods: Changes in temperature and pressure were measured for 15 minutes after the procedure was performed using the alcohol rub method with glass cups and with the addition of infrared irradiation. Changes in temperature and pressure were also measured for 15 minutes after pumping 3 times using the valve suction method, and with the addition of infrared irradiation.Results: In a comparison between the alcohol rub method with glass cups and with the addition of infrared irradiation, the negative pressure increased over time in the absence of infrared irradiation, whereas it decreased when performed with infrared irradiation p = 0.094. However, in a comparison between pumping 3 times using the valve suction method, and with the addition of infrared irradiation, the negative pressure decreased in both cases, but this was more significant with infrared irradiation p = 0.172. There was a significantly higher temperature in the glass cups (p = 0.004) and the valve cups (p = 0.001) exposed to infrared radiation, compared with no infrared irradiation.Conclusion: The reduction in negative pressure inside the cups exposed to infrared radiation was greater than without infrared irradiation. Temperature increases inside the cup can lead to the risk of dropout.
Treatment of Cervical Myelopathy with Acupotomy Combined with Korean Medicine Treatments: Two Clinical Cases
Authors: Park Yu-Kyeong , Woo Sangha , Kim Jae Hoon , Lee Jung Hee , Lee Yun-Kyu , Lee Hyun-Jong , Kim Jae Soo
Published: February 2021

The degenerative spinal cord disease cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), and cervical myelopathy caused by trauma, can result in debilitating symptoms affecting quality of life. This study used acupotomy and other Korean medicine treatments (acupuncture, herbal medicine, and physical therapy) to improve the symptoms of CSM and cervical myelopathy. The visual analog scale, the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association scale (mJOA scale), the Nurick grading system, and the American Spinal Injury Association impairment scale were used as the evaluation criteria to determine the effectiveness of treatment. The functional status of both patients improved from mild to moderate, with improved gait, local sensation, and level of pain. The degree of spinal cord injury remained the same. The findings of this study suggest that combined Korean medicine treatments including acupotomy may be helpful in the treatment of CSM and cervical myelopathy.
Cutting performance of laser assisted diamond turning of calcium
fluoride with different crystal orientations
Authors: Bodlapati Charan , Kang Di , Navare Jayesh , Turnbull Robert , Zhong Yuxiang , Shahinian Hossein
Published: February 2021

Single point diamond turning of single crystal

C
a
F

2

using the

µ

-LAM process is studied. We focus on
how crystal orientation of the workpiece can influence tool wear and
efficiency of the cutting process. Cutting experiments were performed
on single crystal

C
a
F

2

with

⟨

100

⟩

,

⟨

111

⟩

, and

⟨

211

⟩

crystal orientations. The tool failed
at the smallest cutting distance for

⟨

111

⟩

crystal orientation, whereas tool
failure on

⟨

100

⟩

orientation occurred at the longest
cutting length. Tool life for cutting

⟨

211

⟩

and

⟨

111

⟩

crystal orientations was found to be
92% and 67%, respectively, of that of tool life during cutting

⟨

100

⟩

orientation. To explain the results
obtained, an anisotropic model based on Schmid’s law was used. It is
shown that an inverse correlation between the resistance to plastic
deformation and maximum cutting distance without inducing any brittle
fracture can be established.
Fourier ptychographic reconstruction based on augmented Lagrangian method and sparse approximations for phase and magnitude
Authors: Chen Xin , Cheng Haobo , Wen Yongfu , Feng Yunpeng
Published: February 2021

Fourier ptychography microscopy provides a large field of view and
high-resolution imaging by simultaneously recovering intensity and
phase distributions. However, in real setups, the process of capturing
large numbers of low-resolution images will inevitably suffer from
imaging noise, which could seriously distort the results recovered
using the conventional Fourier ptychography approach. To suppress the
effects of imaging noise optimally, a novel, to the best of our knowledge, iterative algorithm is
proposed. This algorithm consists of two objective functions; one is
based on the augmented Lagrangian function for the inverse
computation, and its solution is found by utilizing the alternating
direction multiplier method; the other is the separate sparse model
built for amplitude and absolute phase image; the filtering process is
accomplished by exploiting the block-matching 3D frames. In
combination with the Nash equilibrium balancing theory, the proposed
algorithm is realized by alternately optimizing the two objective
functions. The simulated and experimental results demonstrate that the
proposed algorithm is robust to noise and is capable of reconstructing
complete and good contrast amplitude and phase images.
Dwell time algorithm in deterministic polishing of a free-form surface based on the continuous tool influence function
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhao Qizhi , Fan Cheng
Published: February 2021

In deterministic polishing, solving the dwell time is one of the key factors. Usually, dwell time is solved by the tool influence function (TIF) and residual error. In previous research, single-point TIF (sTIF) is usually used in calculation, but it is not consistent with the TIF in the actual polishing process. In addition, when using the linear equation to solve the dwell time, a large TIF matrix results in a normal computer not having enough memory for calculation. In order to solve the above problems, a continuous TIF (cTIF) that changes with the polishing path is proposed: first, by the discretization method to simulate the continuous movement of the polishing tool in actual polishing, and then an optimized grouped least squares (LSQR) orthogonal decomposition algorithm is proposed to solve the dwell time. In this paper, an

x
−
y

polynomial free-form surface with different initial residual errors (

R
M
S

=

30

n
m

,

P
V

=

120

n
m

;

R
M
S

=

70

n
m

,

P
V

=

280

n
m

; and

R
M
S

=

100

n
m

P
V

=

400

n
m

) were simulated by the proposed algorithm, respectively. The final residual error was

R
M
S

=

1.8

n
m

,

P
V

=

13.3

n
m

;

R
M
S

=

2.6

n
m

,

P
V

=

10.1

n
m

; and

R
M
S

=

2.8

n
m

,

P
V

=

17.4

n
m

, respectively. The convergence rate of RMS and PV basically reached 95%, and the validity of the algorithm is proved.
Verification of cascade optical coherence tomography for freeform optics form metrology
Authors: Xu Di , Wen Zhenkun , Coleto Andres Garcia , Pomerantz Michael , Lambropoulos John C. , Rolland Jannick P.
Published: February 2021

Freeform optical components enable dramatic advances for optical systems in both performance and packaging. Surface form metrology of manufactured freeform optics remains a challenge and an active area of research. Towards addressing this challenge, we previously reported on a novel architecture, cascade optical coherence tomography (C-OCT), which was validated for its ability of high-precision sag measurement at a given point. Here, we demonstrate freeform surface measurements, enabled by the development of a custom optical-relay-based scanning mechanism and a unique high-speed rotation mechanism. Experimental results on a flat mirror demonstrate an RMS flatness of 14 nm (∼λ/44 at the He-Ne wavelength). Measurement on a freeform mirror is achieved with an RMS residual of 69 nm (∼λ/9). The system-level investigations and validation provide the groundwork for advancing C-OCT as a viable freeform metrology technique.
Comparative study on resolution enhancements in fluorescence-structured illumination Fresnel incoherent correlation holography
Authors: Jeon Philjun , Kim Jongwu , Lee Heejung , Kwon Hyuk-Sang , Kim Dug young
Published: February 2021

Fresnel incoherent correlation holography (FINCH) is a new approach for incoherent holography, which also has enhancement in the transverse resolution. Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) is another promising super-resolution technique. SI-FINCH, the combination of SIM and FINCH, has been demonstrated lately for scattering objects. In this study, we extended the application of SI-FINCH toward fluorescent microscopy. We have built a versatile multimodal microscopy system that can obtain images of four different imaging schemes: conventional fluorescence microscopy, FINCH, SIM, and SI-FINCH. Resolution enhancements were demonstrated by comparing the point spread functions (PSFs) of the four different imaging systems by using fluorescence beads of 1-μm diameter.
Effects of optical activity to Mueller matrix ellipsometry of composed waveplates
Authors: Vala Daniel , Koleják Pierre , Postava Kamil , Kildemo Morten , Provazníková Pavlína , Pištora Jaromír
Published: February 2021

Mueller matrix ellipsometry has been used to precisely characterize quartz waveplates for demanding applications in the semiconductor industry and high precision polarimetry. We have found this experimental technique to be beneficial to use because it enables us to obtain absolute and precise measurement of retardation in a wide spectral range, waveplate orientation, and compound waveplate adjustment. In this paper, the necessity of including the optical activity in the Mueller matrix model and data treatment is demonstrated. Particularly, the optical activity of the quartz influences the adjustment of misalignment between the perpendicularly oriented waveplates of the compound biplate. We demonstrate that omitting the optical activity from the model leads to inaccurate values of the misalignment. In addition, the depolarization effects caused by a finite monochromator bandwidth is included in the model. Incorporation of the optical activity to the Mueller matrix model has required a development of rigorous theory based on appropriate constitutive equations. The generalized Yeh’s matrix algebra to bianisotropic media has been used for the calculation of the eigenmodes propagation in chiral materials with reduced symmetry. Based on the applied method, the authors have proposed approximated analytical form of the Mueller matrix representing optically active waveplate and biplate and provided discussion on the analytical and numerical limits of the method.
Compact resonant 2 × 2 crossbar switch using three coupled waveguides with a central nanobeam
Authors: Soref Richard , De Leonardis Francesco , Passaro Vittorio M. N.
Published: February 2021

This theoretical simulation paper presents designs and projected performance of ∼1550-nm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) and ∼2000-nm Ge-on-Si-on-nitride and Ge-on-nitride 2×2 optical crossbar switches based upon a three-waveguide coupler in which the central waveguide is a nanobeam actuated by the thermo-optical (TO) effect. A TO heater stripe is located atop the central nanobeam. To implement accurate and realistic designs, the 3D finite difference time domain approach was employed. The metrics of crossbar switching, insertion loss (IL) and crosstalk (CT) were evaluated for choices of 3-waveguide structure parameters and TO-induced index changes. The predicted ILs and CTs were excellent, enabling the designed devices to be considered as fundamental building blocks in wavelength-division-multiplexed cross-connect (WXC) applications. Proposed here are compact, nonblocking space-and-wavelength routing switches to be constructed in a monolithic, industry-standard SOI chip (and in Ge-on-SON and GON chips). Specifics are given for realizing 16 × 16 × Mλ WXCs as well as reconfigurable, multi-resonant, programmable hexagonal and diamond meshes.
Active terahertz spin Hall effect in vanadium dioxide metasurfaces
Authors: Kang Lei , Wu Yuhao , Werner Douglas H.
Published: February 2021

Insulator-to-metal transition induces large material property variations in vanadium dioxide (VO2) over a broad frequency band. VO2, therefore, has been introduced into metallic resonating structures to realize reconfigurable metadevices from microwave to optical wavelengths. Beyond enabling metal/VO2 hybrid meta-atoms, in the THz regime metallic-phase VO2 micro-structures can support strong electromagnetic resonances, offering great potential in active manipulation of THz radiation. In this paper, we show that VO2 dipole antennas can be used to realize geometric phase coded metasurfaces for wave-front shaping and polarization rotation of THz waves. Moreover, we demonstrate that the corresponding efficiency of the THz spin Hall effect is closely related to VO2’s THz electrical conductivity. In light of the dispersionless nature of the geometric phase, our study indicates that metasurfaces constructed by VO2 subwavelength resonators are good candidates for active control of broadband THz radiation.
Asymmetry of the group velocity of light in monoclinic crystals
Authors: Wang Pengqian
Published: February 2021

We have proved that compared to phase velocity and ray velocity surfaces, the group velocity surface of a monoclinic crystal has a reduced symmetry, due to the loss of the two mirror planes that contain the crystallographic

b

axis. We have derived a formula for calculation of the group velocity of the extraordinary light traveling in a principal plane of a biaxial crystal, which takes into account the rotation of the dielectric frame due to frequency dispersion. The maximum asymmetry of the group velocity of light traveling in the

a
−
c

plane is found to be 2.4% at 365 nm in

B
i
B

3

O

6

and 1.4% at 550 nm in

S
n

2

P

2

S

6

.
Silencing of SRRM4 suppresses microexon inclusion and promotes tumor growth across cancers
Authors: Head Sarah A. , Hernandez-Alias Xavier , Yang Jae-Seong , Ciampi Ludovica , Beltran-Sastre Violeta , Torres-Méndez Antonio , Irimia Manuel , Schaefer Martin H. , Serrano Luis
Published: February 2021

RNA splicing is widely dysregulated in cancer, frequently due to altered expression or activity of splicing factors (SFs). Microexons are extremely small exons (3–27 nucleotides long) that are highly evolutionarily conserved and play critical roles in promoting neuronal differentiation and development. Inclusion of microexons in mRNA transcripts is mediated by the SF Serine/Arginine Repetitive Matrix 4 (SRRM4), whose expression is largely restricted to neural tissues. However, microexons have been largely overlooked in prior analyses of splicing in cancer, as their small size necessitates specialized computational approaches for their detection. Here, we demonstrate that despite having low expression in normal nonneural tissues, SRRM4 is further silenced in tumors, resulting in the suppression of normal microexon inclusion. Remarkably, SRRM4 is the most consistently silenced SF across all tumor types analyzed, implying a general advantage of microexon down-regulation in cancer independent of its tissue of origin. We show that this silencing is favorable for tumor growth, as decreased SRRM4 expression in tumors is correlated with an increase in mitotic gene expression, and up-regulation of SRRM4 in cancer cell lines dose-dependently inhibits proliferation in vitro and in a mouse xenograft model. Further, this proliferation inhibition is accompanied by induction of neural-like expression and splicing patterns in cancer cells, suggesting that SRRM4 expression shifts the cell state away from proliferation and toward differentiation. We therefore conclude that SRRM4 acts as a proliferation brake, and tumors gain a selective advantage by cutting off this brake.
Opposing functions of the plant TOPLESS gene family during SNC1-mediated autoimmunity
Authors: Garner Christopher M. , Spears Benjamin J. , Su Jianbin , Cseke Leland J. , Smith Samantha N. , Rogan Conner J. , Gassmann Walter
Published: February 2021

Regulation of the plant immune system is important for controlling the specificity and amplitude of responses to pathogens and in preventing growth-inhibiting autoimmunity that leads to reductions in plant fitness. In previous work, we reported that SRFR1, a negative regulator of effector-triggered immunity, interacts with SNC1 and EDS1. When SRFR1 is non-functional in the Arabidopsis accession Col-0, SNC1 levels increase, causing a cascade of events that lead to autoimmunity phenotypes. Previous work showed that some members of the transcriptional co-repressor family TOPLESS interact with SNC1 to repress negative regulators of immunity. Therefore, to explore potential connections between SRFR1 and TOPLESS family members, we took a genetic approach that examined the effect of each TOPLESS member in the srfr1 mutant background. The data indicated that an additive genetic interaction exists between SRFR1 and two members of the TOPLESS family, TPR2 and TPR3, as demonstrated by increased stunting and elevated PR2 expression in srfr1 tpr2 and srfr1 tpr2 tpr3 mutants. Furthermore, the tpr2 mutation intensifies autoimmunity in the auto-active snc1-1 mutant, indicating a novel role of these TOPLESS family members in negatively regulating SNC1-dependent phenotypes. This negative regulation can also be reversed by overexpressing TPR2 in the srfr1 tpr2 background. Similar to TPR1 that positively regulates snc1-1 phenotypes by interacting with SNC1, we show here that TPR2 directly binds the N-terminal domain of SNC1. In addition, TPR2 interacts with TPR1 in vivo, suggesting that the opposite functions of TPR2 and TPR1 are based on titration of SNC1-TPR1 complexes by TPR2 or altered functions of a SNC1-TPR1-TPR2 complex. Thus, this work uncovers diverse functions of individual members of the TOPLESS family in Arabidopsis and provides evidence for the additive effect of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of SNC1.
Changes in visual attentional behavior in complex regional pain syndrome: A preliminary study
Authors: Shiro Yukiko , Nagai Shuhei , Hayashi Kazuhiro , Aono Shuichi , Nishihara Makoto , Ushida Takahiro
Published: February 2021

Purpose

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the visual attentional behavior towards a pain-affected area and face/body images using eye tracking in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) patients. Moreover, we investigated the relationship between visual attentional behavior and clinical symptoms.

Patients and methods

Eight female patients with CRPS type 1 in their upper limbs and 8 healthy adult women participated in this study. First, the participants were asked to watch videoclips in a relaxed manner (Videoclip 1 featured young adults who introduced themselves; Videoclip 2 featured young adults touching the hand of the other person sitting across from them with their hand.) Eye movement data were tracked with eye-tracking glasses.

Results

In video clip 1, the fixation duration (FD) and fixation count (FC) on faces tended to be lower in CRPS patients than in healthy controls. This tendency was found in patients with low body cognitive distortions. In video clip 2, CRPS patients displayed significantly lower FD and FC on the unaffected hand while watching a video of the unaffected hand being touched compared with healthy controls. Moreover, patients with low body cognitive distortion displayed significantly longer FD on the affected hand.

Conclusion

Some CRPS patients differed in visual attentional behavior toward the face and body compared with healthy controls. In addition, our findings suggest that patients with lower body cognitive distortion may have a high visual attention for the affected hand, while patients with higher distortion may be neglecting the affected hand.
Healthcare resources attributable to child tobacco smoke exposure
Authors: Merianos Ashley L. , Jandarov Roman A. , Gordon Judith S. , Lyons Michael S. , Mahabee-Gittens E. Melinda
Published: February 2021

Background

Tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) places an economic toll on the U.S. healthcare system. There is a gap in the literature on pediatric emergency department (ED) and urgent care related healthcare costs and utilization specific to tobacco smoke-exposed patients. The objectives were to assess pediatric ED visits, urgent care visits and hospital admissions longitudinally, and baseline visit costs among tobacco smoke-exposed children (TSE group) relative to unexposed children (non-TSE group).

Methods and findings

We conducted a retrospective study using electronic medical records of 380 children ages 0–17 years in the TSE group compared to 1,140 in the non-TSE group propensity score matched via nearest neighbor search by child age, sex, race, and ethnicity. Linear and Poisson regression models were used. Overall, children had a mean of 0.19 (SE = 0.01) repeat visits within 30-days, and 0.69 (SE = 0.04) pediatric ED visits and 0.87 (SE = 0.03) urgent care visits over 12-months following their baseline visit. The percent of children with ≥ 1 urgent care visit was higher among the TSE group (52.4%) than the non-TSE group (45.1%,p= 0.01). Children in the TSE group (M= $1,136.97, SE = 76.44) had higher baseline pediatric ED visit costs than the non-TSE group (M= $1,018.96, SE = 125.51,p= 0.01). Overall, children had 0.08 (SE = 0.01) hospital admissions over 12-months, and the TSE group (M= 0.12, SE = 0.02) had higher mean admissions than the non-TSE group (M= 0.06, SE = 0.01,p= 0.02). The child TSE group was at 1.85 times increased risk of having hospital admissions (95% CI = 1.23, 2.79,p= 0.003) than the non-TSE group.

Conclusions

Tobacco smoke-exposed children had higher urgent care utilization and hospital admissions over 12-months, and higher pediatric ED costs at baseline. Pediatric ED visits, urgent care visits, and hospitalizations may be opportune times for initiating tobacco control interventions, which may result in reductions of preventable acute care visits.
Prognostic value of future liver remnant LU15 index of 99mTc-galactosyl serum albumin scintigraphy for predicting posthepatectomy liver failure
Authors: Tomita Koichi , Chiba Naokazu , Ochiai Shigeto , Gunji Takahiro , Hikita Kosuke , Kobayashi Toshimichi , Sano Toru , Abe Yuta , Koizumi Kiyoshi , Shimazu Motohide , Kawachi Shigeyuki
Published: February 2021

There is no gold standard indicator that is currently used to predict posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF). A novel indicator of liver function, the LU15 index of99mTc-galactosyl serum albumin (GSA) scintigraphy, refers to the liver uptake ratio over a 15-min interval. We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the future liver remnant (FLR)-LU15 in predicting PHLF. The clinical data of 102 patients (70 males and 32 females; median age, 70 years) who underwent liver resection between January 2011 and August 2019 were analyzed. The FLR-LU15 was calculated by a fusion of simulated 3-dimensional images and99mTc-GSA scintigraphy. PHLF was determined according to the definition of the International Study Group of Liver Surgery. The FLR-LU15 was an independent risk factor for PHLF ≥ Grade B according to multivariate analysis, and its value correlated with the PHLF grade. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the FLR-LU15 for PHLF ≥ Grade B was 0.816 (95% confidence interval, 0.704–0.929), which was better than that of other indicators. When the cut-off value of FLR-LU15 was set at 16.7, the sensitivity was 86.7%, specificity was 74.7%, and odds ratio was 19.2 (95% confidence interval, 4.0–90.9), all of which were superior to other indicators. If the cut-off value was 13, the positive predictive value was 57.1%. The FLR-LU15 is a useful predictor of PHLF and may be more reliable than other predictors.
The New York Times’ Australian expansion and its internal contradictions
Authors: Usher Nikki
Published: February 2021

The New York Times needs to expand to global audiences if it is to grow its digital subscription base. However, to do so it must balance difficult questions of colonial intentions with demands for inclusivity. By juxtaposing the case of the Times’ Australian expansion with its approach to global journalism as a whole, the power dynamics of American journalism imported from abroad to grow markets is explored. But the context is different from what most scholars critique as media imperialism: there is no capital surplus, the Times is not a global media firm, and in the case of Australia, traditional concerns of ‘first-world/third-world’ power flows are not present, although different modes of domination nonetheless prevail.
Sharing News Online: Commendary Cultures and Social Media News Ecologies, Fiona Martin and Tim Dwyer (2019)
Authors: Fuller Glen
Published: February 2021

Review of: Sharing News Online: Commendary Cultures and Social Media News Ecologies, Fiona Martin and Tim Dwyer (2019)

Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 324 pp.,

ISBN 978-3-030-17906-9, ebk, €58.84
Emotions, Media and Politics, Karin Wahl-Jorgensen (2018)
Authors: Stepnik Agata
Published: February 2021

Review of: Emotions, Media and Politics, Karin Wahl-Jorgensen (2018)

Cambridge and Medford, MA: Polity Press, 248 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-745-66105-6, p/bk, $35.95

ISBN 978-0-745-66104-9, h/bk, $115.95

ISBN 978-1-509-53143-1, ebk, $28.99
Journalism and Emotion, Stephen Jukes (2020)
Authors: Richardson Nick
Published: February 2021

Review of: Journalism and Emotion, Stephen Jukes (2020)

London: SAGE, 200 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-5264-9797-0, p/bk, $76.10

ISBN 978-1-5264-9798-7, ebk, $43.60
Advocates and Persuaders, Mark J. Sheehan (ed.) (2019)
Authors: Harkin Janet M.
Published: February 2021

Review of: Advocates and Persuaders, Mark J. Sheehan (ed.) (2019)

North Melbourne: Australian Scholarly Publishing, 257 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-925801-58-3, p/bk, $35

Ebook available from Amazon, $11.99; and Google Play, $8.44
New motivations: Change over time in motivations for mobile gaming
Authors: Carradini Stephen , Hommadova Lu Anya
Published: February 2021

Many studies of motivations for game play do not consider change in motivations over time. Given the depth of motivations research, this gap seems unusual. In this article, we explore the motivations that players have for beginning, continuing and quitting play in the mobile massively multiplayer online real-time strategy (MMMORTS) game Lords Mobile by reporting on a nineteen-month virtual ethnography. We found that players often download the game due to external motivators such as ads or a reward for playing the game. People often stay playing the game due to game mechanics that strongly encourage the player to form relationships with other players. Players often quit the game due to conflicts with their offline obligations or due to lack of interest in the game. Observing the beginning, middle and end of game play shows that players change motivations over time and respond to external motivators in addition to internal motivators.
Video games through the refrain: Innovation and familiarity
Authors: Tomkinson Sian
Published: February 2021

The video game market is dominated by numerous franchises and many players lament that games are becoming boring and repetitive. However it is evident that players desire these games, which sell well. This article suggests that Deleuze and Guattari’s refrain can help explain why players desire repetition in games, and what kinds of risks and potentials it can provide. Specifically, in regard to gameplay I consider elements including genre and mechanics, and player’s desire to re-experience games. To explore repetition in players I consider game communities and the gamer identity, which can open up players to difference or encourage restriction. I argue that understood through the refrain, repetition in video games has the potential to generate difference, innovation and connections, but also possibly a closing off. The refrain is a useful tool for games studies and industry workers who are interested in understanding how new experiences can emerge from repetition.
Avatar, Assembled: The Social and Technical Anatomy of Digital Bodies, Jaime Banks (ed.) (2018)
Authors: Alberto Maria
Published: February 2021

Review of: Avatar, Assembled: The Social and Technical Anatomy of Digital Bodies, Jaime Banks (ed.) (2018)

New York, Bern, Berlin, Brussels, Frankfurt am Main, Oxford and Wien: Peter Lang, 328 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-43313-560-6, h/bk, $52.95
Ideology and the Virtual City: Video games, Power Fantasies and Neoliberalism, Jon Bailes (2018)
Authors: Lang Patrick J.
Published: February 2021

Review of: Ideology and the Virtual City: Video games, Power Fantasies and Neoliberalism, Jon Bailes (2018)

Alresford: Zero Books, 93 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-78904-164-4, p/bk, £9.99
Turismo post Covid-19: El turismo después de la pandemia global. Análisis, perspectivas y vías de recuperación
Authors: Melgosa Arcos Francisco
Published: February 2021

La situación causada por la pandemia global que ha provocado el virus Sars-Covid 19 en todo el mundo es crítica en muchos aspectos, principalmente en el de la salud de las personas, pero también en el bienestar social, el empleo y el crecimiento económico. El turismo no es ajeno a estas negativas repercusiones y por el ello la Asociación Española de Expertos Científicos en Turismo (AECIT) –fiel a su compromiso de un crecimiento sostenible del turismo– no puede dejar de abordar la realidad creada por las restricciones que la Administración ha impuesto en materia de movilidad de las personas, clausura de actividades consideradas no esenciales, aforos… A lo largo de veinte estudios específicos, el libro Turismo Post Covid-19. El turismo después de la pandemia global. Análisis, perspectivas y vías de recuperación aborda la manera de recuperar el turismo en un entorno compatible con la salud pública. La aportación de AECIT consiste en un análisis en profundidad de la realidad presente a la que siguen sugerencias y recomendaciones desde la experiencia y el rigor científico.
Enhancement of PHB Production Process in a Fed-batch Bioreactor Using Input-output Linearization Technique with Optimal Setpoints
Authors: Srisuddee Sura , Sriariyanun Malinee , Tawai Atthasit , Panjapornpon Chanin , Wijayanti Hesti
Published: February 2021

Polyhydroxy butyrate (PHB) is a polyester that has been widely applied to formulate bioplastics. A challenge for the PHB production is the enhancement of PHB accumulation in bacterial cells, which can be conducted through the nutrient feeding strategy. A control system based on an input/output (I/O) linearization technique for the PHB production in a fed-batch bioreactor is proposed in this work. The concept of feast/famine phase is employed to provide the optimal desired targets for each time instant through optimization problems. The developed controller is applied to regulate the controlled output to follow the desired setpoints by manipulating the feed flow rate of nutrients. Simulation results show that the proposed control system attempts to follow the optimal desired targets (discrete-time approach) during the process operation. The accumulation of PHB in bacterial cells is around 25% higher than that of the process with a modified PI controller. Control performance tests indicate that the proposed control strategy successfully regulates the process according to the desired targets and handles the process disturbance effectively.
Eternity, Relative Realities, and Ontological Idealism About Time
Authors: Moravec Matyáš
Published: February 2021

This paper argues that idealism can offer a new solution to the problem of relating the “static” presence of things to eternity and the “dynamic” passage of reality in the temporal realm. I first offer a presentation of this problem using the dispute between Aquinas and Scotus, then describe “ontological idealism about time,” as a smaller–scale idealism, and show how it resolves the original problem. I conclude by demonstrating that this view is consonant with the recent emphasis on the ontological dependence of things on God and that it offers a way of bringing together non–eternalist ontologies and the ontological conclusions posited by the special theory of relativity.
The Impact of Physical Distancing on the Sharing Economy
Authors: Karthik K. A. , Sinha Manish
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this research is to assess the possible impacts of physical distancing, implemented as a precaution against COVID-19, on businesses that depend on sharing economy, with an emphasis on developing economies. While COVID-19 has already been ravaging economies, there is a need to examine its impact on businesses that thrive on shared resources, which is a relatively new model, and thus merits an impact assessment. The methodology includes extensive background research on the origins of COVID-19, economic impacts of historic pandemics and examining the financial statements over the last six months of business that are purported to be affected, to assess the impact. This in addition to qualitative interviews of users of shared spaces and facilities, and collating media sources for stance taken by firms affected. The study aims to highlight the need for evolved business models to factor in physical distancing in order to adapt and stay insulated from future threats.
A Study of The Effect of Black Swan Events on Stock Markets – and Developing a Model for Predicting and Responding to them
Authors: Phadnis Chinmay , Joshi Sunit , Sharma Dipasha
Published: February 2021

Black Swan events are rare and seemingly random in nature. In the famous paper by Nassim Nicholas Taleb, it is posited that Black Swan events cannot be reliably predicted, and it is instead important to be prepared for them at all times (Musgrave, 2009). This study aims to understand various Black Swan events in recent history from the point of view of equity markets, and performs a comparative study between different events across time and geography in order to understand if there are any standard early indicators. In this study, a total of seven global events have been observed within the selected period from FY 1997 to FY 2019. All events have been considered from the standpoint of their impact on S&P 500 index. Apart from assessing the sensitivity factor, the impact of each event was observed for any statistical similarity through a One-Way ANOVA test of their normalised values.
IMPLEMENTASI SMK3 STANDARD ILO 2001 PADA SALAH SATU PERUSAHAAN GALANGAN KAPAL
Authors: Maudica Syafira Bella , Denny Hanifa Maher , Kurniawan Bina
Published: February 2021

Sistem manajemen keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (SMK3) adalah bagian dari sistem manajemen perusahaan yang mengelola pekerja sebagai sumber daya manusia dan sarana produksi sebagai sumber daya fisik sebagai upaya untuk mencegah kecelakaan dan penyakit akibat kerja. Adanya beberapa kecelakaan kerja di galangan kapal, membuat peneliti tertarik untuk melihat bagaimana penerapan SMK3 di industri galangan kapal. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui implementasi Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja di industri galangan kapal dan untuk mengetahui pencapaian lima elemen SMK3 di PT. X yang merupakan salah satu galangan kapal berdasarkan ILO 2001.  Metode penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan instrument evaluasi audit berdasarkan ILO OSHMS 2001. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner menggunakan "googleform" serta mereview dokumen K3 dan lingkungan kerja perusahaan melalui pesan online. Kuesioner dibagikan kepada 34 responden yang merupakan karyawan PT. X menggunakan teknik sampling proporsional representatif. Teknik analisis menggunakan tabulasi audit untuk mengetahui pemenuhan kriteria SMK3. Hasil evaluasi audit menunjukkan bahwa PT. X telah mencapai 87,5%. Angka ini berasal dari pemenuhan kriteria 140 dari 160 kriteria. Tingkat pencapaian elemen kebijakan 93,75%, pengorganisasian 74,75%, perencanaan dan implementasi 87,5%, evaluasi 97,5% dan tindakan perbaikan 87,5%. PT. X sebaiknya segera melakukan pelatihan K3 dan menyediakan sumber daya yang cukup dalam penerapan SMK3. Abstract[Implementation of OSHMS Based On ILO 2001 in Shipyard Company] Occupational safety and health management system (OSHMS) is part of company management systems, intended to prevent accident, illness and property damage. This research objective was to determine the achievement of five elements of ILO OSHMS 2001 in a n shipyard company of PT. X. The researchers used a quantitative method utilizing the audit evaluation instruments based on the ILO OSHMS 2001. The data collection used the Google Forms to substitute the interview process. Furthermore, the investigators reviewed the company's OSH documents and environmental work place by online massage. The selection of 34 respondents from PT. X utilized a purposive sampling technique. Finally, the researchers tabulated the data into the ILO OSHMS 2001 audit tabulation form to determine the fulfilment of ILO OSHMS 2001 criteria. The audit results showed PT. X reached 87.5% or the fulfilment of the 140 criteria out of 160 standards. The level of achievement of policy elements is 93.75%, organizing 74.75%, planning and implementation 87.5%, evaluation 97.5% and corrective action 87.5%. PT. X should better conduct OSH training immediately and provide sufficient resources in the application of ILO OSHMS 2001.Keyword: ILO OSHMS 2001; OSHMS audit; shipyard
PEMROGRAMAN LINEAR INTEGER DENGAN ENAM VARIABEL ORIENTASI KARGO UNTUK MASALAH MINIMISASI BIAYA PEMUATAN MULTI-KONTAINER
Authors: Sahar Dian Pratiwi , Afifudin Mohammad Thezar
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model matematika untuk masalah minimisasi biaya pemuatan multi-kontainer dengan enam variabel orientasi kargo. Masalah ini dirumuskan sebagai model pemrograman linier biner integer untuk meminimalkan biaya. Faktor-faktor yang dipertimbangkan dalam formulasi termasuk alokasi kargo, lokasi kargo, hubungan kargo, dan orientasi kargo. Sedangkan, biaya yang dipertimbangkan termasuk biaya muatan volume kontainer ke kargo dan biaya transportasi kargo ke kontainer. Validasi model dilakukan melalui percobaan numerik pada ukuran kecil kargo dan kontainer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model dengan konsep orientasi kargo yang dikembangkan dapat menyelesaikan masalah sesuai dengan parameter numerik yang diberikan. Abstract[Integer Linear Programming with Six Cargo Orientation Variables for Multi-Container Loading Cost Minimization Problem] This research aims to develop the mathematic model for multi-container loading cost minimization problems with six cargo orientation variables. The problem is formulated as a binary integer linear programming model to minimize costs. The factors considered in the formulation include cargo allocation, cargo location, cargo relations, and cargo orientation. Whereas, the costs considered include the container volume load cost to cargo and the cargo transport cost to the container. Model validation is performed through numerical experiments on the small size of cargo and containers. The results show that the model with developed cargo orientation concept can solve the problem according to the given numerical parameters.Keywords: integer programming; cargo orientation; container loading; cost minimization
WATER CONSUMPTION PREDICTION USING FUZZY TIME SERIES - A CASE STUDY IN PRIVATE COMPANY OF TANGERANG DISTRICT INDONESIA
Authors: Septiyana Diah
Published: February 2021

Consumption of water in the Tangerang Regency continuously increases from year to year due to the increasing population and birth rates an average increase of 3% every year. So, the water demand prediction to be important to meet customer or community needs. The private water utility company needs to use a new method for predicting future monthly water consumption values and improves accuracy when forecasting time series using a visibility graph and presents to make more accurate predictions. In this study, we aim to measure the trend analysis volume of water consumption prediction by Fuzzy Time Series versus actual usage volume.  Fuzzy Time Series (FTS) is a concept plan method that uses fuzzy logic that is able to provide predictions (estimates) of time series data analysis for the next several periods. Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) is obtained for different configurations of the input sets and of the FTS model structure. From the results of the average value error accuracy was only 4.5% using FTS Chen Method and included in the low category and water consumption actual versus prediction with the FTS Chen method shown related stable.
Pengaruh Urbanisasi Terhadap Penurunan Kemiskinan di Indonesia
Authors: Hadijah Zara , Sadali Mohammad Isnaini
Published: February 2021

Urbanization and poverty are two important aspects closely linked to sustainable development goals. Urbanization in Indonesia is still far from improving migrant welfare as well as their destination regions. Every 1% growth of urbanization in Indonesia can only increase 4% of GDP per capita. Low economic benefits resulted from urbanization in Indonesia merely shift rural poor to become urban poor. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of urbanization on poverty reduction in Indonesia, both in the regional aggregate and at the rural and urban levels as the origin and destination regions of urbanization. This study used secondary data of population and poverty from Population Census (SP), the Inter-Census Population Survey (SUPAS), and the National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS). Data analysis was performed using regionalization techniques, Primacy Index, Lorenz Curve, Geographic Information System (GIS), and simple linear regression. The results showed that the rate of urbanization had a positive relationship with per capita income and the population of urban poor, but had a negative relationship with the population of rural poor. A unit increase in urban population variable percentage would increase the average GDP/capita variable by 0,466. This would be followed by an increase in the average urban poor population variable by 0,447 and a reduction in the average rural poor population variable by 0,705.