bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
When Genetic and Environmental Factors Meet in Modelling Autism
Authors:   , Pettie Michaela
Published: December 2021

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, characterised by deficits in verbal and non-verbal communication, social interaction and repetitive behaviours (APA, 2013). The aetiology of ASD is mostly unknown, with continued research identifying a multitude of genetic and non-genetic factors. However, it is the interaction between environmental factors and the genetic background of an individual which leads to the development of ASD. There is an urgent need for improved animal models of ASD to further our understanding of the aetiology and particularly its pathophysiology, as this will aid in the development of much needed pharmaceutical treatments to alleviate the impact of adverse symptoms for individuals with ASD. Current animal models of ASD examine the genetic (e.g. serotonin transporter knock out rats) or the environmental (e.g. prenatal exposure to Valproate) contributions to the disorder, and very rarely a combination of the two.  This thesis aimed to improve the Valproate (VPA) induced ASD animal model with a genetic × environmental interaction approach, as well as optimising chronic administration of the VPA to pregnant rats. To this aim, a non-invasive method of delivering VPA was used, which allowed genetically normal rats to voluntarily consume VPA throughout pregnancy. The prenatal exposure to VPA led to ASD-like behaviours in the offspring (communication delays, increased social behaviour, and social aversion). Next, rats with a genetic deficit in SERT (SERT+/-) exposed to VPA throughout gestation, with an optimised administration method using gelatine pellets, which allowed for voluntary non-invasive consumption, and a more accurate administration of increased VPA doses. Overall, the chronic prenatal exposure to VPA in SERT+/- rats led to a mild ASD-like phenotype, with rats exhibiting communication delays, abnormal play behaviour, disrupted social preference, and to some extent increased anxiety-like behaviour. The brains of the adult offspring were examined for neuronal changes in the GABA interneurons in brain regions associated with social behaviour (amygdala and hippocampus). However, no significant effects of prenatal VPA exposure, genotype, or sex were found. Thus, the variations GABAergic system is unlikely to underlie the earlier identified behavioural alterations. Ultimately, this thesis has furthered the VPA induced ASD animal model with a genetic × environmental interaction approach, as well as optimising the chronic administration method for pregnant rats.
The consequences of complex habitat loss for the New Zealand blue cod, Parapercis colias
Authors:   , Wade Baylee
Published: December 2021

Climate driven threats are predicted to decrease the complexity of biogenic habitats. Within temperate coastal marine environments, we know that complex macroalgal beds support more complex communities through the provision of microhabitats and refuges. Macroalgal habitats have potential interacting benefits and costs for predators, as increased macroalgal biomass supports higher richness and diversity of prey species, but prey within these habitats might be more difficult to catch. An important New Zealand fishery species, the blue cod (Parapercis colias), is a large bodied temperate reef fish found exclusively throughout the coastal waters of New Zealand. Its dependence on subtidal coastal reef environments mean that it is important to understand how a loss of complex macroalgal habitats might alter the way that blue cod forage, and how the trade-off between prey abundance and availability will affect its abundance and productivity. This thesis aims to understand the influence of complex macroalgal habitats on P. colias prey availability and behaviour, on the foraging success of P. colias, and ultimately on P. colias population dynamics. Experiments were conducted using choice chambers to evaluate whether two alternate P. colias prey, Forsterygion lapillum and Heterozius rotundifrons, showed a preference for complex habitats with and without predation risk. Both species preferred complex habitats in the absence of predation cues, but F. lapillum showed a more consistent preference for complexity in response to predation risk. A mesocosm experiment was used to investigate whether the consumption rate and functional response of P. colias differs for these two prey types in the presence and absence of habitat complexity. Results indicated that the mobile fish prey, F. lapillum benefitted from the refuges provided by complexity and suffered lower consumption rates, whereas the sedentary crab, H. rotundifrons did not. Finally, using a simple population model, the trade-off between prey abundance and predation success on the population dynamics of P. colias with and without habitat complexity was explored. Models showed that scenarios with complex macroalgal habitats generally support more predators, and faster population growth rates than scenarios lacking habitat complexity. However, scenarios with complex habitats were predicted to be more sensitive to fishing pressure and have the potential to be more vulnerable to overexploitation. These results highlight the importance of understanding how habitat complexity mediates relationships between commercially important fishery species and their prey, in order to understand how habitat loss may alter their foraging success and population dynamics.
The Violin in Music Therapy: How do I use the violin in music therapy with people who have intellectual disabilities or neurological conditions?
Authors:   , Kelly Lucy
Published: December 2021

In this research I explored my use of the violin in music therapy with people who have intellectual disability and neurological conditions. I am interested in this topic because the violin is my primary instrument and I wanted to learn more about its therapeutic potential. My research methodology was Secondary Analysis of Qualitative Data, and the data were my clinical notes and research journal. Findings were generated through thematic analysis of the data. Five themes emerged. Specifically, I found that the violin’s voice-like timbre was helpful in fostering connections and encouraging emotional and communicative expression. Similarly, the ability to physically share the instrument, and to play it while mobile, also fostered connections between me and my participants. Because of my expertise on the violin I was able to utilize a vast variety of performance techniques both with familiar music and within improvisations that elicited meaningful musical moments. My relationship with the violin has developed and changed throughout this process and the violin has become a part of my identity as a music therapist. I anticipate that findings will interest other music therapists, and perhaps encourage them to use alternative instruments within their practice.
Using The “Family Violence Flag” To Better Identify Harm Within Families
Authors:   , White Mereana
Published: December 2021

This thesis looks at how the identification and recording of family violence offending in the criminal justice system could be improved. In doing so it examines s 16A of the Criminal Procedure Act 2011, which was introduced in 2019 to ensure “family violence offences” are identified as such on charging documents and on the offender’s criminal record. This provision is known operationally as the “family violence flag”. The role of the family violence flag in relation to risk assessment is considered, particularly its ability to reveal a perpetrator’s prior family violence offending. Research has shown that a history of family violence is the most consistently identified risk factor for intimate partner lethality and risk of re-assault. The potential of the family violence flag to improve the evidence-base of family violence offending in New Zealand is also considered, which is important given the prevalence and detrimental impact of family violence in New Zealand. Analysis suggests that despite its recent introduction, changes could be made to s 16A to increase its utility. Accordingly, reform options to s 16A are proposed to better achieve the policy intent of the family violence flag, strengthening both its application and subsequent use.
Exploring Attrition and Completion in a Community Situated Family Violence Intervention Programme
Authors:   , Frost Anjela
Published: December 2021

This thesis aims to explore the factors associated with attrition and completion for a New Zealand based community situated family violence intervention programme. It takes a mixed methods approach across two studies. Study one quantitatively investigated the attrition rate of the programme, and factors that predict this attrition. It used survival analysis techniques to analyse data files collected during the assessment phase of the programme. An attrition rate of 46% was identified, which is slightly higher than the average rate of attrition across family violence prevention programmes internationally. Ethnicity was the only variable found to predict attrition. Study two qualitatively explored the experiences of men who completed the intervention programme. Men were interviewed to provide insights into the facilitators and barriers to programme completion. Thematic analysis identified three themes of overcoming barriers to engagement and attendance; motivating factors for engagement; and the importance of active participation in facilitating healing. Aspects of the programme that could be strengthened to improve the engagement and attendance of future participants are discussed alongside the wider implications for family violence prevention practice and policy.
Bog Bodies: Archaeological Narratives and Modern Identity.
Authors:   , Stewart Lydia
Published: December 2021

Lindow Man, the British Bog Body discovered in 1984, and the Danish examples Tollund and Grauballe Men, discovered in 1950 and 1952, represent quite literally the violent face of a confrontational past. But what exactly do the archaeological narratives say? When presented with the forensic evidence can we explicitly conclude they were murdered as human sacrifices to appease the Germanic and Celtic gods and goddesses during times of affliction? Or are they simply an example of our own imposition of modern assumptions onto the past in a flare of sensationalism and mystical dramatization of the tumultuous affairs of noble savages? How have these narratives played out in the public sphere, particularly museum and heritage, and in modern culture such as the Irish poet Seamus Heaney’s bog poems. Do they reinforce harmful myths of an excessively violent past dominated by innately uncivilized natives? Who does the past really belong to and who has the authority to voice it? Many facets of bog body scholarship remain hotly contested including the human sacrifice interpretation, the usage of Tacitus as the only remaining historical source and Heaney’s use of the bog victims as a metaphorical analogy for the Northern Ireland sectarian violence. My contribution is precisely to present these interpretational narratives from a critical perspective and question scholarly assumptions of ritualism. Further, I will explore how archaeological narratives are presented to the public through the unique heritage that bog bodies embody. Lastly, I will investigate the conceptualization of the “other” through Tacitus’ Germania and Heaney’s bog poems.
Cultivating what is ours: Local agro-food heritage as a development strategy in the Peruvian Andes
Authors:   , Bidwell Simon
Published: December 2021

The Peruvian Andes has long been portrayed as a space of poverty and marginalisation, but more recently Andean places have been reinterpreted as reservoirs of valuable patrimonio agroalimentario (agro-food heritage). Amidst global interest in food provenance and Peru’s gastronomic ‘boom’, Andean people and places have connected with different networks that value the geographical, ecological and social origins of food.  This thesis explores the meaning of these changes by combining a discourse genealogy with local case studies. I first trace the emergence of interconnecting discourses of territorial development with identity and local agro-food heritage in Latin America. I explore how these discourses bring together diverse actors and agendas through arguments that collective action to revalue local agro-food heritage can offer equitable economic gains while conserving biocultural diversity, a theoretical dynamic that I term the ‘virtuous circle of products with identity.’  These promises frame in-depth case studies of Cabanaconde and Tuti, two rural localities in the southern Peruvian Andes where a range of development initiatives based on local agro-food heritage were undertaken from around the mid-2000s. The case studies combine evaluation of the economic, social, cultural and environmental impacts of the initiatives, with ethnographic perspectives that look at them through the lens of local livelihoods.   The partial successes and multiple setbacks of the initiatives highlight the tensions between economic impact, social equity and biocultural diversity while underlining the limitations of existing markets to value the rich connections between place and food in the Andes. Nevertheless, by highlighting local agency in engaging selectively with these initiatives, I conclude that their overall legacy has been largely positive. I suggest that connections being made between place, food and development can provide material and discursive support for diverse territorial economies, defined as the locally specific ways people in the Andes pursue their aspirations while retaining what they value about place, farming and food.
Essays on the Vietnam Stock Market
Authors:   , Nguyen Phuong
Published: December 2021

This thesis consists of three substantive studies about the Vietnam stock market. In particular, I study the asymmetric information, corporate governance (CG) practices, and foreign investment of publicly listed companies in Vietnam, presented in Chapters 2, 3, and 4, respectively.  In Chapter 2, I investigate the effectiveness of a market surveillance system (MSS) on improving the market quality of the Vietnam stock market, as measured by liquidity and informed trading level. I find that market liquidity decreased after the introduction of the MSS, and that the effect is more pronounced for small firms. Although informed trading, on average, does not change significantly after the MSS, subsample analysis indicates a significant decrease in informed trading among large and liquid firms.  In Chapter 3, I investigate the relationship between firms’ CG practices and informed trading. I find a negative relationship between the two variables. Firms with better CG practices have a lower level of informed stock trading. Moreover, a natural experiment on a shock of firms’ CG practices generated by the CG policies shows that the negative relationship between CG practices and informed trading is a causal one, in which a change in the former causes a change in the latter. In another analysis around the implementation of the MSS, I find that the implementation of the surveillance system affects the relationship between the two variables, and this effect is driven by large and liquid firms.  In Chapter 4, I investigate whether foreign investors in the Vietnam stock market are informed about firms’ performance. Using the residuals of foreign investor ownership as a measure of the abnormal foreign investor holding, I find that the abnormal foreign investor holding is positively correlated with firm performance in the following one year. I also find a positive correlation between abnormal foreign investor holding and the stock returns in the next three quarters. These findings indicate that foreign investors are informed about the firms up to a one-year period.
Thanks for the Memories: The Athenian Agora as a Lieu de Mémoire
Authors:   , Liu Ziming
Published: December 2021

The relationship between memory and place can often be expressed through association. When one thinks of the birthplace of democracy, it does not tax the imagination for Athens and the Athenian Agora to spring to mind. The fact that the connection between the agora and democracy is so embedded in the collective consciousness even today is no coincidence. Rather, it is evidence of a naturally occurring space at the foot of the Athenian Akropolis undergoing several millennia of transformative experiences, shaping and being shaped by the identities of its inhabitants, in order to become the place now recognised as the Athenian Agora: the heart of Athens, the birthplace of democracy, and truly, a lieu de mémoire. A transformative process, which I argue, began at the end of 6th century Athens with the collapse of the Peisistratid tyranny and was only strengthened by the advent of oligarchy in the final decade of the 5th century.
Cenozoic evolution of the Campbell Plateau, Subantarctic New Zealand: Insights from sub-bottom profile data
Authors:   , Cathie Benjamin
Published: December 2021

The Campbell Plateau represents ~30% of the submerged continent of Zealandia and represents part of the Gondwana super-continent that began to break-up ~98Ma. The focus of this MSc thesis is to use sub-bottom, profile data collected in 2017 and 2018 from Campbell Plateau to improve our understanding of the Cenozoic evolution of the region. The sub-bottom profiles show a rugged basement overlain by a variety of sedimentary sequences and subsurface features such as volcanoes, onlap, and downlap surfaces as well as multiple unconformities that can be traced throughout the Cenozoic (65Ma). The sub-bottom profiles are compared to 2 drill cores; Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) site 1120 on the eastern side of the plateau and Deep Sea Drilling Program (DSDP) site 277 in the south. These drill cores indicate that the lithology from the Cretaceous onwards is predominantly biogenic calcareous sandstone and mudstone, which changes to nannofossil-rich oozes in the Miocene and foraminiferal oozes and nannofossil oozes dated early to late Pleistocene. The northern plateau appears to be relatively quiescent with thin, relatively uniform strata, only influenced by small reverse faults. Sedimentary deposits such as wedges and contourites are also evident in the central and north-western part of the study area. The southern plateau appears to be have been highly dynamic with onlap/downlap surfaces, interpreted as current scours, and erosional surfaces. There is a plateau-wide unconformity during the Pliocene, as derived from the nannofossils of the ODP1120 drill core, which appears to have been a large-scale erosional event. The Southern Ocean circulation, dominated by Antarctic Circumpolar Current, the Subtropical Front, and local wind-driven currents, are the main drivers of these lithological changes and plateau-wide sedimentological structures.  Previous interpretations of the sub-surface structure of the plateau are seen to be invalid in relation to this study, with the sub-surface seen to be relatively undeformed with only minor reverse faulting present. Areas of possible uplifted basement seen near Campbell Island also indicate that the Campbell Plateau has been through substantial erosion and deformation since its’ separation from Gondwana ~98Ma and movement to its modern-day position.
S.E.ARCH: Science Fiction and Extraterrestrial Architecture
Authors:   , Shum KaiMei
Published: December 2021

Until this point in time, space architecture has relied heavily on engineering - resulting in little room for artistic practice. The resulting habitats are ill-equipped to sustain the quality of life required for long-term or interplanetary missions. However, rapid technological growth is beginning to enable the realisation of outer space for commercial enterprise, scientific gain, and personal exploration. Together, a budding space industry and the profession of space architecture are set to lead each other, hand-in-hand, into a new age of space exploration - and to destinations never before reached.  For almost as long as human culture has remembered we have been fascinated by the stars. A potent result of this fascination is science fiction and stories concerning space travel. A strong and tangible assemblage has formed between science fiction, social narrative, and outer space. Science fiction can make concepts of the future understandable. It can make communities focused on the future.  This thesis proposes that the discipline of architecture, with the help of popular science fiction, can re-imagine space architecture. It seeks to create empathy with the future inhabitants of outer space by envisaging the space industry of the future, and through the creation of a passenger ship it develops a hope for a future that unfolds differently to what we are planning for now.   This research seeks to investigate these connections in order to create safer and more fulfilling homes for spacefarers of the future. It does so by arguing against the typology we maintain. Through iterative designs which coincide with research on the use of science fiction and habitability in space, it concludes with a new ship typology.
Stream or Discharge: Using the Hydrosocial Cycle to Explore the Meanings of the Waimapihi Stream in Te Whanganui-a-Tara-Wellington, Aotearoa-New Zealand
Authors:   , McLean Sylvie
Published: December 2021

Aotearoa-New Zealand’s urban streams are complex and diverse but have been degraded and neglected for years. For the most part, hegemonic management regimes are technocratic, separating streams into discrete parts, and thus have failed to improve or maintain the state of urban streams. The hydrosocial cycle is a way of exploring streams that takes account of whole systems, flows of water, more than humans, infrastructure and technology, and the social structures and institutions that make up water. The framework has been used to study the impacts of urbanisation on water around the world, including issues around stormwater, wastewater, water supply, and rivers, but it has rarely been used to study buried urban streams. This research uses a case study of the Waimapihi Stream in Te Whanganui-a-Tara-Wellington, Aotearoa-New Zealand to explore how the hydrosocial cycle could be used to understand urban streams. A hydrosocial approach, alongside a more-than-human methodology, demonstrated the varying meanings of the stream, including those of the different phases along its length. Connections to the buried section of the Waimapihi arose through the presence of fish, physical markers, and stories, but there was dissatisfaction with the extent of these. As a result, alternative methods of connection such as windows to the stream and areas of it to be daylighted were explored. A hydrosocial approach enabled an examination of meanings and values of the Waimapihi Stream; to encourage critical analysis of how streams are defined and how they are managed. This demonstrated that the hydrosocial cycle provides a valuable framework for understanding urban streams, as it encompasses the various components that make up urban streams and is flexible enough to explore the diversity between and within them.    Key words: Hydrosocial cycle, more-than-human, stormwater, wastewater, urban streams, Te Whanganui-a-Tara-Wellington, Aotearoa-New Zealand.
Software-Defined Network Application for Inter-domain Routing in Transit ISPs
Authors:   , Truong Huu Trung
Published: December 2021

Today, the Internet plays an vital part in our society. We rely greatly on the Internet to work, to communicate and to entertain. The Internet is a very large and complex computer network, consisting of tens of thousands of networks called autonomous systems (ASes). The key routing protocol for interdomain routing between ASes, Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), was invented three decades ago. Although BGP has undergone many improvements, many fundamental problems and limitations of BGP still exist today. For instance, BGP does not have the resiliency to attacks and good support for traffic engineering. To date, many evolutionary and revolutionary solutions have been proposed to address these problems. However, very few were adopted. While there are many reasons for this limited adoption, one may blame for the lack of deployability, scalability and more importantly adequate functionality.   SDN is a new networking paradigm that decouples the control plane and data plane. SDN breaks the ossification of the Internet and enables network innovations. SDN has been thoroughly investigated for the enterprise environment. This research investigates the application of SDN for interdomain routing in transit ASes. Specifically, the main goal is to study how SDN capabilities can be utilised to develop a scalable, programmable and flexible routing architecture for transit ISPs.
The prophet, the mother, the avenger: An examination of Gaia's cult worship and the "bricolage" in her myth
Authors:   , Draper Eilish
Published: December 2021

This thesis is a study of the cult of the Greek goddess Gaia (Gē). Gaia’s cult has long been interpreted by scholars though the lens of her mythical roles. She featured in literature as the mother of the Titans, as an oracular goddess at Delphi, and as the mythical mother of Erichthonios; she is also a force that watched over curses and oaths. Her cult has been most strongly associated with Delphi, where she was part of the Previous Owners myth, a tradition that made her the primary goddess at Delphi before Apollo took over. She is also strongly associated with Athens, where almost all of our literary evidence comes from.  Early 20th century scholarship characterised Gaia as a universally-worshipped “Mother Earth” figure; more specifically, she has been identified as the Greek version of the Anatolian Mother Goddess, Kybele. Gaia’s cult worship as an oracular goddess and as a mother figure is overstated, and I argue that these associations are examples of confirmation bias. In this thesis, I examine the sources for both myth and cult to establish where the boundaries lie between the two, both through re-examination of the primary sources and through a critical appraisal of secondary discussions.  To compare, I examine the positive evidence for Gaia’s cult, with a particular focus on the epigraphical evidence, including a 5th century BCE statue base and inscriptions from the 4th century BCE that describe a ἱερόν of Gaia at Delphi and Attic deme calendars that provide sacrifices to Gaia, some of which are expensive. Further evidence is offered by Pausanias and Plutarch, who attest to a sanctuary of Gaia at Delphi in the 1st and 2nd centuries CE, cults of Gē Kourotrophos and Gē Themis in Athens, and other cults of Gaia elsewhere. I also explore the significance of Gaia as the mother of Ericthonios, the autochthonous founder of Athens, in myth and Athenian literature.  I conclude that Gaia was not worshipped at Delphi before the 5th century BCE. Gaia was receiving cult worship in Athens from the 5th century BCE in the form of deme sacrifices. Also in Athens, Gaia’s worship as Gē Themis appears arounds the 4th century BCE, while Pausanias attests to a temple of Gē Kourotrophos on the acropolis. Before the time of Pausanias, Kourotrophos appears to be a separate deity. Finally, I conclude that Gaia rarely receives cult worship under the epithet “Meter” and cannot be identified as the Greek version of Anatolian Kybele.
Inside Out - The role of Interior Architects in providing opportunities for social and cultural development in the urban interior.
Authors:   , Furusa Kudzai
Published: December 2021

Porirua is tucked alongside a beautiful harbour and a rugged coastline. The city offers natural beauty and peaceful surroundings which are matched with a vibrant culture and the youngest demographic in the country. Unfortunately, the cultural diversity is not represented in the architecture of the city, the harbour is polluted and underutilised. Porirua Harbour is not incorporated in the city’s urban design which has led to it being overlooked. This thesis proposes interventions to revitalise the harbour, focusing on bringing people back to the neglected area and expanding social engagement. The proposition highlights the role of Interior Designers in the urban landscape of Porirua and aims to uncover the rich history of the city. Urban Interior techniques and strategies are explored in an attempt to celebrate the local history and empower communities through design. The historical narrative acknowledges the importance of past events and their impact on communities in Porirua and aims to redesign for the future. The interior as a site has offered many opportunities for artists and designers to challenge how we inhabit and change architecture.Research involved consideration into urban interior spaces and sensorial qualities, to create a spatial experience that connects people with the past whilst addressing a contemporary setting.
An Analysis of the Repertoire Chosen for the Cello Volumes of the Suzuki Method
Authors:   , Harvey Rebecca
Published: December 2021

This dissertation is directed towards cello pedagogues inside and outside the Suzuki community. It provides a deeper understanding of the origins and philosophy of the Suzuki method, an in-depth analysis of the musical works chosen for each of the Suzuki Cello Method books, and a discussion on the decision to include Suzuki editions of two standard cello concertos as part of the Method. In addition, the thesis covers some common criticisms towards the Suzuki Method.
Cardiología; aspectos fisiopatológicos e implicaciones clínicas
Authors: Aguirre Realpe Karem Lisseth , Barragán Díaz Abel Bolívar , Camacho Sig-Tú Eduardo Estefano , Flores Vega Freddy Andrés , García Moreira Daniel Fernando , Guerrero Montero Wendy Tatiana , Icaza Herrera Stefania de los Ángeles , Mendoza Lino Blanca Andreina , Sáenz Serrano Catherine Jacqueline , Zambrano Suárez Daneys Michelle
Published: December 2021

Las cardiopatías siguen siendo una de las principales causas de muerte en el mundo, mientras que la morbilidad de las enfermedades cardiovasculares continúa incrementándose, a pesar de las campañas de prevención relacionadas con la promoción de nuevos estilos de vida más saludables. Estas realidades epidemiológicas continúan golpeando la vida de millones de personas y demandando acciones concretas de parte de las autoridades nacionales e internacionales relacionadas con la salud. A pesar de que hay males propios de nuestro tiempo, tales como la misma pandemia de la COVID 19, el “burnout”, llamada la enfermedad laboral de nuestro tiempo y otros factores de mortalidad como los accidentes de tránsito, que llaman la atención y los recursos dirigidos a la investigación y a la acción preventiva y curativa, el corazón y los vasos capilares, el complejo sistema cardiovascular que garantiza un adecuado intercambio de gases y sustancias nutritivas y de desechos entre nuestro organismo y su entorno, sigue exigiendo esfuerzos científicos, políticos y económicos, para mantener bajo control las cardiopatías y demás trastornos cardiovasculares. Llama la atención que, desde hace algunos años a esta parte, algunas prioridades de las políticas de prevención y atención sanitaria han variado y se han reorientado hacia riesgos que se caracterizan por dos aspectos: tienen que ver con “estilos de vida” (la obesidad y el consumo de tabaco y alcohol, por ejemplo) y con cardiopatías. Parafraseando en clave irónica un conocido pensador, pareciera que esta civilización sin corazón, afecta especialmente a los corazones de las personas.
TECHNICAL CONDITION AND WEAR OF THE LEFT-SIDE KNIVES OF PSKU-SERIES SPEED PLOWS, METHODS OF BRAKING AND WEAR MINIMIZING
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, MIKHALCHENKOV ALEKSANDR M.
Published: December 2021

High-speed plowing forces signifi cant changes in the design of the working elements of the plow. Such changes greatly aff ected the wear pattern and, consequently, called for modifi ed technical processes of restoring and strengthening. The working body design includes a plowshare, the function of which is performed by the left-side knife. The research purpose was to control the technical condition of the above-mentioned parts of the PSKu-series plow; study the geometry, location, and magnitude of wear; and develop restoration and hardening technologies. The residual values of thickness and width were used as the criteria for wear since they infl uence the recovery method. These values were controlled by standard measuring instruments – calipers and height gauges. The hardness measured by the Rockwell method (HRC) was used as a criterion for the mechanical properties of the construction material. Studies have shown that the wear on the working surfaces has a rather complex geometry, which is associated with the specifi cs of the force action of the soil. This defect should be eliminated because the probability of extreme wear in thickness increases when the part rotates. The authors proposed that the wear on the left-side knife should be eliminated by patching with a low-carbon electrode and subsequent hardening with surfacing reinforcement. It has been experimentally established that the wear amounts to about 7 mm in thickness and no more than 8 mm in width for a knife with a 45…54 HRC blade. The wear is caused by a hard-facing layer with a hardness of 73…74 HRC on the backside. High-quality heat treatment ensures an increased resistance of the part to abrasive wear. For left-side knives, it is expedient to apply electrode surfacing with a low-carbon rod and the subsequent hardening by surfacing reinforcement.
COMBINED OZONIZATION SYSTEM FOR MILK STERILIZATION
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, KOMPANIETS ALEKSANDR E.
Published: December 2021

The main disadvantage of the existing facilities for antibacterial milk treatment is its low quality due to the lack of ozonation. Milk sterilization requires a combined system of ozonation that includes ozonation and ultraviolet irradiation. In this system, ozone is prepared in a sealed chamber, and ozone saturation of milk occurs impulsively. In each feeding period, the amount of ozone is increased step-by-step, and its concentration can be varied according to the required level of microbial contamination of milk. At the initial stage, ozone at a concentration of 24 g/m3 is applied in pulses for 10 s; then, based on the readings of the bacterial concentration sensor, the operating mode is adjusted according to the program. An operational algorithm of the control program of the combined ozonation system for milk sterilization is developed to operate in two modes: the fi lling mode and the milk processing mode. Microbiological analysis of sterilized milk shows that the maximum eff ect is observed in the fi rst 15 seconds of the system operation. On average, the concentration of pathogenic microfl ora decreases by 24%. Within 60 seconds, the microbial contamination of milk decreases by 49%. The combined ozonation system makes it possible to improve the quality of milk sterilization, taking into account the required level of microbial contamination in milk and reducing the adverse effects of long-term high-temperature exposure. The authors have experimentally proved the feasibility of the combined ozonation system using the developed control program algorithm.
Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Minimarket Indomaret di Bandung untuk Meningkatkan Kepuasan Pelanggan
Authors: Kristina Sonna , Setiawati Marla , Sebastian Shandy
Published: December 2021

Kualitas pelayanan adalah salah satu faktor penentu yang penting untuk mempertahankan kinerja bisnis suatu perusahaan. Pelayanan yang berkualitas dapat membuat pelanggan puas yang sangat bermanfaat bagi perusahaan. Salah satu perusahaan yang perlu memberikan pelayanan yang berkualitas adalah Indomaret. Permasalahan pelayanan pada Indomaret terjadi karena pengalamam buruk konsumen yang mengakibatkan pelanggan kecewa. Perusahaan perlu memperbaiki kinerja pelayanannya untuk menutup kesenjangan yang terjadi agar masalah ini tidak berdampak buruk pada kinerja bisnisnya. Agar dapat memberikan pelayanan yang berkualitas, perusahaan perlu mengetahui ukuran kualitasnya saat ini serta kinerja yang menjadi prioritas perbaikan untuk meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggannya. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini disusun agar perusahaan mengetahui ukuran kualitas pelayanannya saat ini dan kinerja pelayanan yang menjadi prioritas perbaikan untuk meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan sehingga perusahaan dapat memberikan pelayanan yang berkualitas. Metode yang digunakan dalam mengukur kualitas layanan adalah SERVQUAL, sedangkan untuk mengetahui prioritas perbaikannya dihasilkan dari penggabungan metode SERVQUAL dengan Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). Hasil pengukuran kualitas pelayanan Indomaret Bandung yang diperoleh adalah -0.267, yang artinya pelayanan yang diberikan belum berkualitas. Selain itu, terdapat 16 kinerja yang menjadi prioritas perbaikan untuk meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan. Analisis kualitas pelayanan ini akan membantu perusahaan dalam mengevaluasi kinerja pelayanan perusahaan serta meningkatkan kualitas layanannya.
Perancangan Mesin Pengaduk dan Pencetak Amplang untuk Memenuhi Kebutuhan UMKM Amplang di Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Raflyani Febbyola , Yogatama Kevin
Published: December 2021

Amplang merupakan kerupuk khas Kalimantan Timur yang banyak digemari oleh masyarakat sebagai makanan ringan yang terbuat dari ikan. Salah satu UMKM di Kalimantan Timur yang bergerak di bidang produksi amplang yaitu Amplang Rizky. Pada UMKM tersebut, terdapat permasalahan pada proses pengulenan adonan amplang dengan menggunakan tangan dan proses pemotongan amplang dengan alat bantu manual yaitu gunting. Hal ini menyebabkan waktu produksi yang lama serta tingkat keselamatan kerja yang rendah. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, diperlukan perancangan mesin pencetak amplang untuk membantu proses produksi amplang yang lebih mudah dan efisien. Perancangan ini dilakukan dengan teknik perancangan NIDA, yaitu Need, Idea, Decision, dan Action. Teknik perancangan NIDA digunakan untuk merancang produk yang memberikan kenyamanan dan kemudahan bagi pekerja. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu perancangan mesin pencetak amplang yang dapat membantu proses produksi di UMKM Amplang yang ada di Kalimantan Timur.
Analisis Beban Kerja dan Perhitungan Waktu Baku dengan Metode Stopwatch Time Study pada Operator SPBU XYZ
Authors: Wahyuningrum Dinda Amelia , Montororing Yuri Delano Regent , Siregar Denny
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi beban kerja mental operator SPBU XYZ dengan menggunakan kuesioner National Aeronautic and Space Administration–Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) dan perhitungan tingkat kelelahan kerja untuk menganalisis tingginya beban kerja mental pada operator SPBU. Perhitungan tingkat kelelahan kerja menggunakan metode Subjective Self Rating Test (SSRT) dari kuesioner Industrial Fatigue Research Committee (IFRC). Upaya yang dilakukan untuk menurunkan tingkat beban kerja mental operator, dilakukan dengan menghitung waktu standar dengan menggunakan metode Stopwatch Time Study. Hasil perhitungan beban kerja mental operator SPBU menunjukkan beban kerja mental yang didapatkan operator berlebih dengan total rata-rata sebesar 77,35. Dimana indikator beban kerja mental yang memiliki skor tertinggi yaitu effort, temporal demand, dan physical demand. Dan hasil perhitungan tingkat kelelahan kerja operator 37,75 dengan klasifikasi kelelahan sedang. Setelah dilakukan perhitungan waktu standar, terjadi penyesuaian waktu kerja. Dimana waktu siklus rata-rata kerja sebelumnya 8,24 menit menjadi 12,29 menit. Penyesuaian waktu kerja merupakan persentase penurunan 3 indikator tertinggi beban kerja mental operator. Setalah dilakukan perhitungan untuk menurunkan beban kerja mental, skor akhir yang didapatkan adalah 52,30 dengan klasifikasi beban kerja mental optimal load dan kenaikan persentase utilitas stasiun pengisian bahan bakar sebesar 32%.
Usulan Perancangan Sistem Informasi Penjualan, Pengendalian Barang, dan Penyimpanan Data pada Toko XYZ (Studi Kasus di Toko XYZ, Lahat, Sumatera Selatan)
Authors: Brigitta Bertha , Hermawan Melina
Published: December 2021

Toko XYZ merupakan toko grosir/eceran yang berada di Kota Lahat, Sumatera Selatan yang saat ini sedang mengalami penurunan omzet sebesar 27% dari tahun 2018 hingga saat ini. Penurunan tersebut dikarenakan adanya konsumen yang tidak berbelanja lagi pada Toko XYZ dengan keluhan proses penjualan yang lama dan kesalahan pemberian harga/jumlah/jenis barang. Selain itu pemilik juga mengalami kesulitan dalam mengkontrol barang yang ada di gudang sehingga terjadinya pemesanan barang yang berulang dan barang yang tidak terjual, pemilik juga merasa kesulitan dalam melakukan penagihan hutang karena penyimpanan data yang masih kurang rapi. Masalah-masalah yang ada dalam penelitian ini akan diselesaikan dengan usulan prosedur baru pada Toko XYZ dan penggunaan sistem informasi yang terintegrasi untuk prosedur penjualan, pembelian, data stock gudang, dan penyimpanan nota hutang yang berbentuk rancangan User Interface. Sistem Informasi ini juga akan didukung dengan perbaikan tata letak gudang dengan menggunakan metode Activity Relationship Diagram (ARD).
Analisa Pengukuran Mandibula Menggunakan Metode Fotogrametri
Authors: Puspita Safira , Dharma I Gusti Bagus Budi
Published: December 2021

Pandemik COVID-19 saat ini membuat pasien pascaoperasi mandibula enggan datang ke rumah sakit, sedangkan tenaga medis perlu mengontrol secara langsung kesimetrisan mandibula untuk mengetahui indikator keberhasilan pascaoperasi. Dalam penulisan ini dilakukan analisis pengukuran secara langsung menggunakan caliper dengan 8 titik penting atau 11 jarak titik ukur yang dijadikan sebagai acuan pengukuran baku serta pengukuran tidak langsung menggunakan fotogrametri. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk membantu tenaga medis mengetahui bagaimana pengukuran secara tidak langsung dilakukan dan mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan antara pengukuran langsung dan tidak langsung guna menentukan indikator keberhasilan pascaoperasi. Pengukuran menggunakan fotogrametri dilakukan dengan perangkat lunak Agisoft Metashape Professional 1.7.0 yang merepresentasikan, mengkonversi 2D menjadi 3D. Uji kecukupan data dihasilkan sebanyak 33 responden yang diamati. Kemudian uji Saphiro Wilk untuk pengujian normalitas data menggunakan perangkat lunak IBM SPSS 25. Kemudian pengujian menggunakan paired sample t-test untuk menganalisa jarak titik pengukuran t-it kanan, t-it kiri, it-obi kanan, it-obi kiri, obi-go kanan, obi-go kiri, go-mmb kiri, dan mmb-me kiri memiliki nilai >0.05 sehingga dapat dinyatakan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil pengukuran langsung dan tidak langsung. Sedangkan jarak titik pengukuran go-mmb kanan, mmb-me kanan dan g-sn memiliki nilai <0.05 sehingga dapat dinyatakan memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan antara pengukuran langsung dan tidak langsung.
Usulan Perbaikan Lintasan Produksi Minyak Herba Sinergi Menggunakan Value Stream Mapping (Studi Kasus: PT Herba Emas Wahidatama)
Authors: Trisnani Reza , Sofiana Amanda , Adhiana Tigar Putri
Published: December 2021

PT HEW merupakan perusahaan manufacture yang bergerak dalam bidang industri obat tradisional dan pangan olahan. Dalam proses produksinya, MHS melalui 3 tahapan proses yaitu pengolahan, pengemasan primer dan pengemasan sekunder. Permasalahan yang terjadi adalah target produksi dari proses pengemasan, baik primer maupun sekunder belum tercapai. Tidak tercapainya target produksi tersebut disebabkan oleh terdapatnya waste yang menyebabkan aktivitas produksi berjalan kurang optimal. Waste yang ditemukan selama observasi awal yaitu unnecessary inventory berupa WIP, defect, unnecessary motion, inappropriate processing, excessive transportation dan waiting time. Penelitian ini menggunakan value stream mapping untuk memetakan seluruh aliran informasi dan material guna mengidentifikasi waste yang ada di dalam proses produksi. Setelah diidentifikasi, akan ada usulan perbaikan untuk mereduksi waste yang ada. Penelitian dimulai dengan pengambilan data waktu menggunakan stopwatch time study. Waktu proses digunakan dalam value stream mapping untuk mengetahui alur proses dan lead time produksi. Penelitian ini menghasilkan usulan perbaikan yang terdiri atas 5 tindakan. Pada future state mapmenghasilkan production lead time berkurang sebanyak 34.57%, total cycle time berkurang sebanyak 51.85%, line efficiency meningkat sebanyak 11.07% dan aktivitas non value added berkurang sebanyak 61.53% serta target produksi meningkat menjadi 140%.
Perancangan Tempat Cuci Tangan Otomatis Bagi Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Saraswati Triarti , Chrisnariyanto Theodorus , Wiguna Tony
Published: December 2021

Di masa pandemi ini di mana kebersihan tangan dan lingkungan menjadi prioritas utama, keberadaan tempat cuci tangan perlu disediakan di setiap tempat. Tempat cuci tangan yang ada masih membutuhkan kontak tangan manusia dengan keran pembuka/penutup, maupun saat mengambil sabun. Masalah berikutnya, sebagian besar tempat cuci tangan dibuat untuk ukuran orang dewasa, sehingga sulit bagi anak-anak usia sekolah dasar mencuci tangan di sini. Tujuan dari perancangan ini membuat tempat cuci tangan otomatis, yang bukan hanya air dan sabun secara otomatis keluar, tetapi juga ketinggian tempat cuci tangan yang bisa menyesuaikan diri dengan tinggi pengguna. Data antropometri digunakan sebagai dasar perancangan awal dimana fokus pada sensor untuk menaik-turunkan tempat cuci tangan. Evaluasi secara ergonomi kemudian dilakukan untuk memastikan tempat cuci tangan ini sesuai dengan kriteria ergonomi, seperti pengguna tidak membungkuk saat mencuci tangan dan keamanan tempat cuci tangan tersebut. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan membuat analisa tugas (task analysis) dan gap analysis. Prototipe tempat cuci tangan pertama berhasil berjalan secara otomatis: keran membuka dan menutup secara otomatis, sabun keluar secara otomatis dan ketinggian tempat cuci tangan bergerak secara otomatis pula. Beberapa kekurangan masih ditemukan dan menjadi tantangan untuk merancang tempat cuci tangan yang lebih memenuhi kriteria ergonomi dan mengurangi risiko kerja.
The Analysis of Frequency Terms Used in Rating Scales
Authors:   Seock-Ho Kim1, Hyo Jin Eom2
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this paper is to provide a contemporary analysis of frequency terms commonly used in rating scales that are based on differing degrees of frequency with which events happen. A total of 20 frequency terms was analyzed using empirical data as well as employing a lexical database. Use of clearly separable frequency terms is imperative for the construction of a set of rating scales as an effective measuring instrument.
Relaciones públicas y ciberespacios: La praxis de la comunicación digital desde el enfoque de la Omnicom PR Group
Authors: Cusot Gustavo , Palacios Isabel , Ujaldón Trevisson Fernando
Published: December 2021

Las relaciones públicas, en cualquiera de sus categorías, política, comercial, reputacional, educativa, o de acción social, tienen como objetivo macro la creación y fortalecimiento de vínculos entre la organización o personaje con sus diferentes públicos. Por ello, la identificación y segmentación de los stakeholders es tan importante, pues son el corazón de esta disciplina. Los públicos de interés deben estar presentes en toda planificación estratégica, y ésta a su vez en cualquier proyecto de relaciones públicas, sin importar su tamaño y magnitud. Esta teoría no se desvanece cuando nos adentramos en las particularidades de las relaciones públicas en el ciberespacio. No obstante, para considerar una planificación dentro del contexto digital, no limita la alusión a los medios tradicionales, ya que éstos se pueden incorporar de manera complementaria para formar un cuadro estratégico eficaz. Para este escrito, se describen las experiencias más representativas realizadas en los últimos años la agencia de comunicación española Omnicom PR Group.