bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cyber Narrative and the Gaming Cyborg
Authors: Owen David
Published: November 2014

The notion of the cyborg is a useful tool for examining the relations between gamers and gaming environments, and the construction of narrative in gaming contexts. I will discuss the idea of the gamer’s sense of self, projected into the game-world exploring the extended mind theory and proprioception. Following that I will address the construction of narrative with algorithmic (computational) interaction with the database and procedural narrative in the sense of how the gamer relates to both the real and virtual world. According to Donna Haraway in her book, Simians, Cyborgs, and Women, ‘a cyborg is a hybrid creature, composed of organism and machine’ (1991: 1). Gabriella Giannachi embellishes Haraway’s definition in that the cyborg is ‘able to bridge the gap between the real and representation, between social reality and fiction’ (2004: 47). I intend to demonstrate that the material gamer interfaces with the database/game/internet and the projected identity/presence/proprioception of the gamer becomes part of the virtual world. The narrative is virtual and interaction with the algorithms (rules) provides a sense of agency within the game world. Procedural narrative is created through an algorithmic interface with a database. The human is subsumed into the technological. Human interaction becomes algorithmic. The pleasure of augmentation is seductive.
Pivoting the player: A framework for player character research in offline computer role-playing games
Authors: Fizek Sonia
Published: November 2014

This article introduces a theoretical framework for the analysis of the player character (PC) in offline computer role-playing games (cRPGs). It derives from the assumption that the character constitutes the focal point of the game, around which all the other elements revolve. This underlying observation became the foundation of the Player Character Grid and its constituent Pivot Player Character (PPC) Model, a conceptual framework illustrating the experience of gameplay as perceived through the PC’s eyes. Although video game characters have been scrutinized from many different perspectives, a systematic framework has not yet been introduced. This study aims to fill that void by proposing a model replicable across the cRPG genre. It has been largely inspired by Anne Ubersfeld’s semiological dramatic character research implemented in Reading Theatre I (1999) and is demonstrated with reference to The Witcher (2007).
Object-relation mapping: A method for analysing phenomenal assemblages of play
Authors: Banks Jaime
Published: November 2014

Theories of play assemblages and technological agency have met popular acceptance in game studies. However, current approaches to empirically examining these notions are limited to resource-intensive ethnographies not suitable for many types of enquiries, particularly those focusing on micro-level analyses and the lived experiences of play. This article proposes an analytical method called ‘object-relation mapping’ (ORM). ORM incorporates techniques from Actor–Network Theory, social network analysis, phenomenology and Grounded Theory to examine phenomenal assemblages of play at micro-, meso- and macro-levels. In particular, ORM provides a systematic framework for collecting, deconstructing, restructuring and coding data gleaned from players’ subjective experience of play. This article outlines ORM’s theoretical underpinnings, techniques, benefits, challenges and extensions.
Game design with the aid of computer semiotics
Authors: Makryniotis Thomas
Published: November 2014

This formalist enquiry concerns the implementation of structures that abstractly approximate real-world systems in computer games. It is an attempt to develop a methodological framework for a computer game design based on a form of computer semiotics. I use the code of dress in social interaction as my semiotic system of choice for this case study, a system incredibly rich in semiotic content. To this end, I construct a game prototype named DressCode, whose main purpose is to explore dress as social performance within a computer game. The prime focus of the game is on visual performance, i.e. how the self is presented in social interaction. The bodies and attires of the characters contribute the signs communicated in this social performance, which is strategic and expressive. It involves the selective exchange of signs between the participants. The player elaborates and negotiates the character’s appearance within the game’s model of society. As such, DressCode is a simulation of an abstract semiotic system of fashion.
Implementing a physics-based model of crowd movement using the Unreal Development Kit
Authors: Bott Mitchell J. , Petty Mikel D.
Published: November 2014

Crowds of people form in both civilian and military contexts, often in emergency or dangerous situations. Consequently, modelling crowd behaviour and movement has consistently been a subject of research, and such models have been used to study, for example, evacuation scenarios and the effect of crowds on military operations. Recreating realistic crowd behaviour and crowd movement within game engines is of growing interest for both gaming and non-gaming applications. A physically realistic mathematical model of crowd movement that considers the physical pressures the crowd members exert on each other was implemented using computer games technology, specifically the Unreal Engine and the Unreal Development Kit. The model and its implementation were used to simulate two typical evacuation scenarios, orderly and panicked, and the simulations exhibited specific known characteristics of such scenarios. Detailed explanations and examples of the implementation mechanics are provided to facilitate future game technology-based crowd modelling.
Machinima Reviews
Authors: Johnson Phylis , Trapdoor Kara
Published: November 2014

Social media and machinima: Featuring social Machinimist Kara Trapdoor

Machinima use in social media
Filter Through
Authors: Pelc Corrie
Published: November 2014

Textile-based filters have a lot to do with keeping us alive and healthy every day. Textiles play an undeniably important role in both air and water filtration, and textiles are having a big impact on the filtration market.
Mopping Up Disasters: Textiles Protect People and the Planet
Authors: Musante Glenna B.
Published: November 2014

From minor oil or chemical spills to full-scale disasters, textiles can provide cleanup and protection to both people and the environment.
Effect of Mobile Phone Radiation on the Human Body and Textile Remedies
Authors: Roy Timir , Govekar Amrita , Rajpurohit Ashok
Published: November 2014

A look at the possible health effects of mobile phone radiation on the human body, and the use of special textile fabrics for use in clothing as protective shielding against mobile phone radiation.
Thinking about my Generation: The Impact of Large Congressional Cohorts
Authors: Loomis Burdett , Barnett Timothy J.
Published: November 2014

Large partisan congressional “classes,” once common, have become more the exception than the rule over the past 60 years. Thus, when they come along, as in 1974 and 1994 (and perhaps 2010), they receive a lot of attention. Moreover, they often do help to change the institution of the House in dramatic ways. After a few years, all such classes lose their distinctiveness and meld into the legislative flow of the era. Still, these cohorts may have lasting effects in a host of ways, from movement into House power positions, to successful attempts to run for the Senate in large numbers, to the dispersion of many individuals into the Washington milieu of lobbyists and lawyers, where they can continue to affect policy. This article takes a first cut at how large partisan classes affect the institution of Congress, as well as at the careers of their individual members. Both the 1994 and 1974 cohorts were important as they burst upon the scene. Yet they have had differing impacts as the “long tail” of these classes continues to make a mark on politics and policy.
Class Connections: Congressional Classes and the Republicans of 1994
Authors: Rae Nicol C. , Pitney John J.
Published: November 2014

Large partisan classes in the House of Representatives are, in important ways, products of the congressional politics of preceding years. The class of 1994 is an example: understanding its origins requires a look at previous classes, especially the often-overlooked class of 1978. The class of 1994 did have a major impact on American politics, but as the fresh-faced outsiders became insiders, their power waned and their personal fortunes darkened.
The subgenus Micoureus (Didelphidae: Marmosa) in Paraguay: morphometrics, distributions, and habitat associations
Authors: Smith Paul , Owen Robert D.
Published: November 2014

Two species of
Hypochlorous acid via peroxynitrite activates protein kinase Cθ and insulin resistance in adipocytes
Authors: Zhou Jun , Wang Qilong , Ding Ye , Zou Ming-Hui
Published: November 2014

We recently reported that genetic deletion of myeloperoxidase (MPO) alleviates obesity-related insulin resistance in micein vivo. How MPO impairs insulin sensitivity in adipocytes is poorly characterized. As hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is a principal oxidant product generated by MPO, we evaluated the effects of HOCl on insulin signaling in adipocytes differentiated from 3T3-L1 cells. Exposure of 3T3-L1 adipocytes to exogenous HOCl (200 μmol/l) attenuated insulin-stimulated 2-deoxyglucose uptake, GLUT4 translocation, and insulin signals, including tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and phosphorylation of Akt. Furthermore, treatment with HOCl induced phosphorylation of IRS1 at serine 307, inhibitor κB kinase (IKK), c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), and phosphorylation of PKCθ (PKCθ). In addition, genetic and pharmacological inhibition of IKK and JNK abolished serine phosphorylation of IRS1 and impairment of insulin signaling by HOCl. Furthermore, knockdown of PKCθ using siRNA transfection suppressed phosphorylation of IKK and JNK and consequently attenuated the HOCl-impaired insulin signaling pathway. Moreover, activation of PKCθ by peroxynitrite was accompanied by increased phosphorylation of IKK, JNK, and IRS1-serine 307. In contrast, ONOO−inhibitors abolished HOCl-induced phosphorylation of PKCθ, IKK, JNK, and IRS1-serine 307, as well as insulin resistance. Finally, high-fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance was associated with enhanced phosphorylation of PKCθ, IKK, JNK, and IRS1 at serine 307 in white adipose tissues from WT mice, all of which were not found inMpoknockout mice fed HFDs. We conclude that HOCl impairs insulin signaling pathway by increasing ONOO−mediated phosphorylation of PKCθ, resulting in phosphorylation of IKK/JNK and consequent serine phosphorylation of IRS1 in adipocytes.
Produit Beta-Gamma et régularité du signe
Authors: Simon Thomas
Published: November 2014

On étudie la positivité complète du noyau de convolution multiplicatif T associé au produit de deux variables aléatoires indépendantes B(a, b) et Γ(c). Ce noyau T est complétement positif d’ordre infini si b ∈ ℕ* ou si d = a + b − c ∈ ℕ. Dans les autres cas la régularité du signe de T a toujours un ordre fini, qui est ici calculé. Plus précisément, pour tout n ≧ 1 on montre que T est complètement positif d’ordre n + 1 si et seulement si (d, b) est situé au dessus d’un certain escalier \documentclass{aastex}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{bm}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{pifont}
\usepackage{stmaryrd}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\usepackage{portland,xspace}
\usepackage{amsmath,amsxtra}
\usepackage{bbm}
\pagestyle{empty}
\DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6}
\begin{document}
$$\mathcal{E}_n$$
\end{document} dessiné dans le demi-plan supérieur. Cet escalier caractérise aussi la constance du signe de plusieurs déterminants associés á la fonction hypergéométrique confluente de seconde espèce.
Inequalities involving gamma and digamma functions
Authors: Alzer Horst , Chen Chao-Ping
Published: November 2014

We prove:

(A)
Let \documentclass{aastex}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
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\usepackage{stmaryrd}
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\usepackage{portland,xspace}
\usepackage{amsmath,amsxtra}
\usepackage{bbm}
\pagestyle{empty}
\DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6}
\begin{document}
$$\Delta _c (x) = \log \frac{{\Gamma (x + 1)}}{{\sqrt {2\pi } (x/e)^x }} - \frac{1}{2}\psi (x + c) (x > 0; c \geqq 0).$$
\end{document}

(i)
−Δc is completely monotonic on (0, ∞) if and only if c ≧ 2/3.

(ii)
Δc is completely monotonic on (0, ∞) if and only if c = 0.

(B)
The inequalities \documentclass{aastex}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
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\usepackage{portland,xspace}
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\usepackage{bbm}
\pagestyle{empty}
\DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6}
\begin{document}
$$\frac{1}{2}\psi (x + a_0 ) < \log \frac{{\Gamma (x + 1)}}{{\sqrt {2\pi } (x/e)^x }} < \frac{1}{2}\psi (x + b_0 )$$
\end{document} hold for all x > 0 with the best possible constants a0 = 0.52660… and b0 = 2/3.
Beta dynamical systems over the formal fields
Authors: Shen Lu-Ming , Jing Huiping
Published: November 2014

Let \documentclass{aastex}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
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\usepackage{portland,xspace}
\usepackage{amsmath,amsxtra}
\usepackage{bbm}
\pagestyle{empty}
\DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6}
\begin{document}
$$\mathbb{F}_q ((X^{ - 1} ))$$
\end{document} denote the formal field of all formal Laurent series x = Σ
n=ν∞anX−n in an indeterminate X, with coefficients an lying in a given finite field \documentclass{aastex}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
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\usepackage{portland,xspace}
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\pagestyle{empty}
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\begin{document}
$$\mathbb{F}_q$$
\end{document}. For any \documentclass{aastex}
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\begin{document}
$$\beta \in \mathbb{F}_q ((X^{ - 1} ))$$
\end{document} with deg β > 1, it is known that for almost all \documentclass{aastex}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
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\usepackage{portland,xspace}
\usepackage{amsmath,amsxtra}
\usepackage{bbm}
\pagestyle{empty}
\DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6}
\begin{document}
$$x \in \mathbb{F}_q ((X^{ - 1} ))$$
\end{document} (with respect to the Haar measure), x is β-normal. In this paper, we show the inverse direction, i.e., for any x, for almost all \documentclass{aastex}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
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\pagestyle{empty}
\DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6}
\begin{document}
$$\beta \in \mathbb{F}_q ((X^{ - 1} ))$$
\end{document}, x is β-normal.
The infimum of the volumes of convex polytopes of any given facet areas is 0
Authors: Abrosimov N. , Makai E. , Mednykh A. , Nikonorov Yu. , Rote G.
Published: November 2014

We prove the theorem mentioned in the title for ℝnwheren≧ 3. The case of the simplex was known previously. Also the casen= 2 was settled, but there the infimum was some well-defined function of the side lengths. We also consider the cases of spherical and hyperbolicn-spaces. There we give some necessary conditions for the existence of a convex polytope with given facet areas and some partial results about sufficient conditions for the existence of (convex) tetrahedra.
Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities for geometrically r-convex functions
Authors: Xi Bo-Yan , Qi Feng
Published: November 2014

In the paper, the authors introduce a new concept of geometrically r-convex functions and establish some inequalities of Hermite-Hadamard type for this class of functions.
Reproductive phenology and sharing of floral resource among hummingbirds (Trochilidae) in inflorescences of Dahlstedtia pinnata (Benth.) Malme. (Fabaceae) in the Atlantic forest
Authors: MISSAGIA CAIO C.C. , VERÇOZA FÁBIO C. , ALVES MARIA ALICE S.
Published: November 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the reproductive phenology and sharing of floral resource (nectar) of Dahlstedtia pinnata (Benth.) Malme. (Fabaceae), endemic of Atlantic forest, among hummingbirds. For the phenology, we looked at the presence of reproductive structures in the plants, and for floral resource sharing, the frequency of potential pollinators and foraging behaviors were examined. This study was conducted in Pedra Branca State Park, in state of Rio de Janeiro, in a dense ombrophilous forest, between August 2010 and August 2011. Flowering occurred between December 2010 and March 2011, and fruiting between April and June 2011. Hummingbirds' foraging schedules differed significantly, with legitimate visits to the flowers occurring in the morning and illegitimate visits occurring during late morning and the afternoon. Five species visited flowers, three of which were legitimate visitors: Phaethornis ruber, P. pretrei, and Ramphodon naevius. Amazilia fimbriata and Thalurania glaucopis females only visited illegitimately. Phaethornis ruber robbed nectar (78% of illegitimate visits, n=337). Ramphodon naevius, with a territorial foraging behavior and a body size bigger than that of other observed hummingbird species, dominated the floral visits, which suggests that D. pinnata is an important nourishing resource for this endemic bird of the Atlantic forest, currently globally categorized as Near Threatened.
Richness and abundance of the cardini group of Drosophila (Diptera, Drosophilidae) in the Caatinga and Atlantic Forest biomes in northeastern Brazil
Authors: ROHDE CLÁUDIA , SILVA DIVA MARIA IZABEL O. , OLIVEIRA GEÓRGIA F. , MONTEIRO LIV S. , MONTES MARTÍN A. , GARCIA ANA CRISTINA L.
Published: November 2014

Brazil has a high diversity of flies of the genus Drosophila, and part of this richness is represented by the cardini group. We analyzed the fluctuations in the richness and abundance of this group, in environments that had never previously been studied in the northeastern region of Brazil. Among the 28,204 drosophilids sampled, 1,294 belonged to the cardini group and were represented by D. polymorpha, D. cardini, D. neocardini and D. cardinoides. Occurrences of D. neocardini and D. cardinoides were registered for the first time in the Caatinga. In this biome, D. cardini stood out as having the highest abundance, and D. polymorpha was not observed. In the coastal Atlantic Forest, D. cardini was not registered, but D. polymorpha was found in all the localities investigated. Mangrove swamps were the environment with the lowest abundance and richness of the cardini group. The High-altitude Forest presented the highest richness of this group. We suggest that the high abundance of D. polymorpha in the High-altitude Forest and in the coastal Atlantic Forest may be a reflection of the historical relationship between these two environments.
A two-plasmid strategy for engineering a dengue virus type 3 infectious clone from primary Brazilian isolate
Authors: SANTOS JEFFERSON J.S. , CORDEIRO MARLI T. , BERTANI GIOVANI R. , MARQUES ERNESTO T.A. , GIL LAURA H.V.G.
Published: November 2014

Dengue infections represent one of the most prevalent arthropod-borne diseases worldwide, causing a wide spectrum of clinical outcomes. Engineered infectious clone is an important tool to study Dengue virus (DENV) biology. Functional full-length cDNA clones have been constructed for many positive-strand RNA viruses and have provided valuable tools for studying the molecular mechanisms involved in viral genome replication, virion assembly, virus pathogenesis and vaccine development. We report herein the successful development of an infectious clone from a primary Brazilian isolate of dengue virus 3 (DENV3) of the genotype III. Using a two-plasmid strategy, DENV3 genome was divided in two parts and cloned separately into a yeast-bacteria shuttle vector. All plasmids were assembled in yeast by homologous recombination technique and a full-length template for transcription was obtained by in vitro ligation of the two parts of the genome. Transcript-derived DENV3 is infectious upon transfection into BHK-21 cells and in vitro characterization confirmed its identity. Growth kinetics of transcript-derived DENV3 was indistinguishable from wild type DENV3. This system is a powerful tool that will help shed light on molecular features of DENV biology, as the relationship of specific mutations and DENV pathogenesis.
Copepod distribution and production in a Mid-Atlantic Ridge archipelago
Authors: MELO PEDRO A.M.C. , MELO JÚNIOR MAURO DE , MACÊDO SILVIO J. DE , ARAUJO MOACYR , NEUMANN-LEITÃO SIGRID
Published: November 2014

The Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago (SPSPA) are located close to the Equator in the Atlantic Ocean. The aim of this study was to assess the spatial variations in the copepod community abundance, and the biomass and production patterns of the three most abundant calanoid species in the SPSPA. Plankton samples were collected with a 300 µm mesh size net along four transects (north, east, south and west of the SPSPA), with four stations plotted in each transect. All transects exhibited a tendency toward a decrease in copepod density with increasing distance from the SPSPA, statistically proved in the North. Density varied from 3.33 to 182.18 ind.m−3, and differences were also found between the first perimeter (first circular distance band) and the others. The total biomass varied from 15.25 to 524.50 10−3 mg C m−3 and production from 1.19 to 22.04 10−3 mg C m−3d−1. The biomass and production of Undinula vulgaris (Dana, 1849), Acrocalanus longicornis Giesbrecht, 1888 and Calocalanus pavo (Dana, 1849) showed differences between some transects. A trend of declining biodiversity and production with increasing distance from archipelago was observed, suggesting that even small features like the SPSPA can affect the copepod community in tropical oligotrophic oceanic areas.
Rare earth elements in the international economic scenario
Authors: Ortiz Carlos Enrique Arroyo , Viana Júnior Elias Marques
Published: November 2014

This article will focus on some relevant aspects of rare earths within the context of the mineral economy. It starts with a conceptual presentation of rare earths addressing both governmental actions, and the private sector. Then, briefly describes their chemical characteristics and their main applications. Finally, more emphasis will be given about some economic aspects: the supply chain structure, the mineral reserves, the production profile, the demand, supply and price analyses, both in the international and Brazilian contexts, and the exports and imports, highlighting China's participation in the rare earth market and concluding with the existence of a Chinese monopoly in the production of this product.
New constitutive equation for salt rock creep
Authors: Motta Gabriel Esteves , Pinto Cláudio Lúcio Lopes
Published: November 2014

Drilling and stabilizing oil wells are important technological challenges for developing the Brazilian Pre-Salt deposits due to creep behaviour of salt rocks, which results in well closure and collapse. The objectives of this work are to analyse the currently used creep models and to propose a new empirical model that comprehends the three creep stages. This work suggests that a deep interpretation of Burger's rheological model, based on the physical parameters of creep phenomenon, should be investigated. The problem of the explicit presence of time in creep strain rate models is discussed. The new proposed model is able to reproduce models that describe the transient and the steady-state creep stages. However, its calibration should be careful, based on data from all these creep stages.
A proposal to find the ultimate pit using Ford Fulkerson algorithm
Authors: Souza Felipe Ribeiro , Melo Michel , Pinto Cláudio Lúcio Lopes
Published: November 2014

The present study is focused on mining planning with an emphasis on the graph theory model proposed by Lerchs-Grossmann. The original paper published by Lerchs-Grossmann about determination of optimum final pit does not report the computational algorithm to solve the problem. This paper discusses and presents an algorithm based on the maximum flow graph computational work from Ford Fulkerson. The main steps for solving the problem and the results of the two-dimensional models are discussed.
Perspectives for use of hydraulic fracturing in oil and gas production
Authors: Mouallem Carlos , Sousa Wilson Trigueiro de , Cabral Ivo Eyer , Curi Adilson
Published: November 2014

Hydraulic fracturing emerges currently, all over the world, as one of the more strategic techniques used by companies in the oil exploitation sector. This technique is characterized by its high productivity and profit in relation to conventional methods of hydrocarbon exploitation. However, in many countries, as is the case of Brazil, there are several divergences considering the employment of this methodology. Many renowned researchers attest that there are several irreversible environmental impacts generated by the use of this methodology. Among the main environmental impacts are the risk of groundwater level contamination, the risk of surface subsidence, and the risk of the environment contamination with fluids used in the process of the oil and gas extraction.
Diagnosis about iron ore mine haul roads in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero: Itabira Complex case
Authors: Reis Maíra dos Santos , Oliveira Filho Waldyr Lopes de , Oliveira Ely , Pena Gladsney
Published: November 2014

Although mine haul roads only provide support for mining activities, their role can be quite significant in any effort to optimize transportation with trucks in open pit mining. In 2009, an inventory about the design, construction and maintenance conditions of these structures in mines in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero was undertaken through a partnership between a large mining company and UFOP. Although the conditions of the roads could be considered broadly satisfactory, several points with potential for improvement were observed. This partnership was recently resumed on enlarged bases for an upgrade, but with a quantitative approach and in a representative mine. The report of this mine haul road diagnosis with a feedback on how we can do more and better for mine haul roads are presented in this work.
An assessment of NRM-20 as a guideline and as an enforcement tool to mine closure in Brazil
Authors: Lima Hernani Mota de , Flores José Cruz do Carmo , Dias Jardel Carvalho
Published: November 2014

This paper assesses the effectiveness of the NRM-20 as a guideline and a enforcement tool to mine closure in Brazil; assesses the analysis criteria and approval procedures adopted by DNPM to base their decisions on mine closure issues, and looks for gaps in the NRM-20 regarding technical, legal, environmental and socio-economic issues. The study was based on administrative mining proceedings deposed DNPM of Minas Gerais. Were assessed 32 mining proceedings. The study shows clear evidence that DNPM does not have specific criteria to guide the technical analysis of the closure plans required for, which makes the analysis subject to a personal interpretation. This study supports the conclusion that after twelve years of its publication, the NRM-20 lacks in proper regulating and guiding mine closure in Brazil.
Potvin stability graph applied to brazilian geomechanic environment
Authors: Melo Michel , Pinto Cláudio Lúcio Lopes , Dutra José lldefonso Gusmão
Published: November 2014

Empirical methods should be restricted to situations similar to the circumstances used for their development. The Stability Graph Method, first proposed by Mathews et al. (1981) and later modified by Potvin (1988), was based on data from Canadian and Australian mines. Therefore, there is no evidence of their use in the Brazilian geomechanical context. The Stability Graph Method is intended to design a stable open stope in mines using the Sublevel Stoping Mining method. The present study investigates the applicability of the methods in Sublevel Stoping Brazilian mines. This is a contribution to the validation of the use of the methods in the Brazilian geomechanical context.
Fuzzy Algorithm of discontinuity sets
Authors: Klen André Monteiro , Lana Milene Sabino
Published: November 2014

The clustering of discontinuity sets is not always a trivial task, especially when only the pole density diagram is used, the classical method. This process is extremely subjective since the size of the counting circle, the pole overlapping, and the presence of outliers between families make it difficult to define their characteristics. In these cases, it is useful to apply numerical and classical methods together. For that, this article proposes an algorithm based on the Fuzzy K-means method that allows the clustering of the discontinuities without the influence of these factors. The algorithm had its results compared to two fracture sets studied in literature and it has proved its efficiency.
Methodology for determining rom size distribution
Authors: Silva Christiane Ribeiro da , Souza Vládia C. G. de , Koppe Jair C.
Published: November 2014

A methodology to determine the size distribution curve of the ROM was developed in a Brazilian iron ore mine. The size of the larger fragments was determined taking photographs and setting the scale of the images to analyze their dimensions (length of their edges and areas). This was implemented according to a specific protocol of sampling that involves split and homogenization stages in situ of a considerable quantity of ore (about 259 metric tonnes). During the sampling process, larger fragments were separated and smaller size material was screened. The methodology was developed initially in order to preview the performance of a primary gyratory crusher that is fed directly from trucks. Operational conditions of the equipment such as closed and open-side settings could be adjusted previously, obtaining different product size distributions. Variability of size of the fragments affects subsequent stages of crushing and can increase circulating load in the circuit. This leads to a decrease of productivity or recovery of the ore dressing. The results showed insignificant errors of accuracy and reproducibility of the sampling protocol when applied to friable itabirite rocks.
Medium and large-sized mammals of the Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçú, Cachoeiras de Macacu, RJ
Authors: de Carvalho Israel Dias , de Oliveira Rildo , dos Santos Pires Alexandra
Published: November 2014

Medium and large-sized terrestrial mammals develop important functions in ecosystems maintenance. However, this group is the most vulnerable to local extinctions, through habitat loss or hunting. This study inventoried the community of medium and large mammals in the Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçú (REGUA), Cachoeiras de Macacu, RJ, providing data on species composition, richness and abundance. Species were registered through the use of camera traps, sign survey and visual encounters on pre-existing trails and roads. The study was conducted from January to October 2012, with each month considered as a sample unit. An effort of 1568 cameras-day and 120 km traveled, resulted on 302 records of 22 species of medium and large-sized mammals, belonging to eight orders. This value corresponds to more than three-quarters of the richness described from this group in the Atlantic Forest of Rio de Janeiro state. Five species are under some level of regional, national or global threat. Three game species, Pecari tajacu, Cuniculus paca and Dasyprocta leporina were abundant in the area. The observed richness was comparable to that found in other studies conducted in rain forests. Thus, for its high number of species, including those under some degree of threat, we conclude that REGUA is an important area to mammal conservation, especially in the Atlantic Forest of Rio de Janeiro state.
Reproductive biology of the skates Sympterygia acuta Garman, 1877 and S. bonapartii Müller & Henle, 1841 (Chondrichthyes: Rajoidei) in south Brazil
Authors: Basallo Alexander , Oddone Maria Cristina
Published: November 2014

The present study analyzed the sexual development, sizes at maturity and morphometric relationships for both sexes of Sympterygia acutaand S. bonapartii, endemic of south-western Atlantic Ocean. The examined specimens were obtained through research cruises and commercial fishing trips, during 2011 and 2012, along the southern Brazilian coast, in latitudes ranging from 34°28'S to 31°29'S and at depths between 15 and 142 m. Significant differences (p<0.05) in S. bonapartii and in S acutabetween sexes for the relationships total length (cm) - disc width (cm) and total length - total/eviscerated weight (g) respectively, demonstrated sexual dimorphism during the development in both species. The estimated size at maturity for males and females, respectively, were 46.1 and 44.7 cm, for S. acuta, and 58.4 and 59.9 cm, for S. bonapartii. A decrease in size at maturity for both sexes was observed in S. acuta and females of S. bonapartii of the southern coast of Brazil, respect to previous studies carried out over the last 30 years.
Hydropeaking effects of on the diet of a Neotropical fish community
Authors: Gandini Cíntia Veloso , Sampaio Francisco Alexandre Costa , Pompeu Paulo Santos
Published: November 2014

The impact of hydropeaking by dams is still poorly understood. Studying the diet of fish subjected to that variation allows us to test the following hypotheses: 1) seasonal and daily changes in river flow, causes changes in the use of the feeding resources; 2) species presenting larger differences in diet between seasons will be those with larger diet changes due to hydropeaking; 3) hydropeaking effects will be more evident in species feeding on items that can be more affected by variable flows. Fish diet collected from the Grande River, downstream from Itutinga Dam, in January and July 2010, was characterized by the feeding index (IA). NMDS, ANOSIM and SIMPER analyses were used to compare the diets under different hydropeaking and season. Relationship among diet dissimilarity between treatments was tested using Pearson Correlation. Seasonality and flow effects were not resulted in changes in the diet of species (hypothesis 1 rejected). In July, there was correlation of differences in the diet between stable and hydropeaking periods with the divergence caused by seasonality (hypothesis 2 accepted). The invertivores guild was the most affected by hydropeaking effects (hypothesis 3 accepted). This is the first study in Brazil that evaluates hydropeaking effects on ichthyofauna.
Local ecological knowledge of fishers about the life cycle and temporal patterns in the migration of mullet (Mugil liza) in Southern Brazil
Authors: Herbst Dannieli Firme , Hanazaki Natalia
Published: November 2014

This research investigates local ecological knowledge of fishers in communities along a latitudinal gradient in the coast of the Santa Catarina State, regarding the life cycle of mullets Mugil liza (migration, feeding, and reproductive behavior). Our sampling encompassed eight Santa Catarina coastal cities (nine artisanal fishing sites) and engaged 45 key informants (28- 86 years of age) through semi-structured interviews from August/2011 to March/2012. This fish species feeds and grows in lagoon and estuarine systems, migrating to the sea for reproduction, and spawning. Fishers acknowledged the Patos Lagoon and the Plata River as the main source of mullet schools. Migration occurs from South to North and the routes vary according to climatic and oceanographic conditions (e.g., low temperatures, south winds, rainfall, currents, salinity). These conditions influence the abundance of mullets (and therefore fisheries success), their migration and stops in locations such as beaches, rocky shores, and islands. According to fishers, mullet spawning occurs throughout the coast of the Santa Catarina State and they feed in lagoons and riverine systems but also out at sea during migration. In conclusion, fishers possess a detailed knowledge about mullet life cycle and they identify intra and interannual variations in migration routes, a pattern that should be considered in managing the fishery.
Acute copper toxicity in juvenile fat snook Centropomus parallelus (Teleostei: Centropomidae) in sea water
Authors: Oliveira Bruno L. , Fernandes Luiz F. Loureiro , Bianchini Adalto , Chippari-Gomes Adriana R. , Silva Bruno F. , Brandão Geisamanda P. , Gomes Levy C.
Published: November 2014

Three experiments were designed to assess the accumulation and acute toxicity of copper (Cu) in juvenile fat snook Centropomusparallelus. The first experiment was performed to determine the 96-h lethal concentration (LC50) of Cu. The second experiment was designed to assess the effects of sublethal concentrations of Cu (0.47 and 0.94 mg/L), while the third one allowed us to test the recovery capacity of fish exposed to the sublethal concentrations Cu and kept in sea water without Cu addition. The LC50value for Cu was found to be 1.88 mg/L Cu. Fish exposed to the sublethal concentrations of Cu showed a significant accumulation of Cu in gills at 96 h respect to the control ones (0.43 µg/g Cu). No significant difference was observed in the accumulation of Cu in gills between fish exposed to 0.47 mg/L (1.09 µg/g Cu) and 0.94 mg/L (1.26 µg/g Cu). Exposure (24 and 96 h) to the sublethal concentrations of Cu tested induced DNA damage in the erythrocytes. The results show that acute exposure to sublethal concentrations induces Cu accumulation and DNA damage in fish, these effects being recovered after 240 h in sea water without Cu addition.
Ninguém quer perder um filho: reações dos familiares observadas pela enfermagem
Authors: Souza Luiza Jane Eyre Xavier de , Barroso Maria Grasiela Teixeira
Published: November 2014

A presença de produtos veterinários no interior dos domicílios sem os cuidados mínimos de segurança adotados, propiciou um caso de intoxicação exógena, em uma criança de 1 ano e 3 meses, que desenvolveu reação sistêmica grave, tendo sido acompanhada na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica de um hospital público, no município de Fortaleza. O objetivo do estudo consistiu em identificar as reações da família frente à intoxicação exógena na criança e analisar as reações da família, interpretando o seu contexto sócio-cultural. Desenvolveu-se como estudo de caso etnográfico, constando das fases de exploração, decisão e descoberta. Observou-se através dos resultados que a família conhece a existência dos fatores de risco no ambiente doméstico mas não adota medidas preventivas coerentes com esse conhecimento. Acredita-se que a redução dessas ocorrências exigem ações educativas transformadoras que levem as famílias a se conscientizarem da problemática que envolve a intoxicação exógena, em crianças, acontecidas sob sua responsabilidade
Perfil social da população negra no Brasil: implicações para a profissão enfermagem
Authors: Jezuino Ana Lúcia
Published: November 2014

A discussão sobre as condições de desigualdades em que vive a população negra no Brasil vem sendo mascarada pela conjuntura econômica vigente, que a parentemente coloca se m restrições brancos, negros e mestiços em condições de destituição a bsoluta. País considerado sem racismo, intitulado pela Folha de São Paulo Datafolha de " Racista Cordial ", vem instituindo formas de convivência entre as raças, cuja discriminação está expressa na falta de oportunidades e acesso ao consumo de serviços. Desta forma, a inserção do negro na sociedade brasileira, após a abolição da escravatura, vem a ser nosso objeto de estudo. Este levantamento bibliográfico discute os indicadores sociais, tendo como objetivo descrever as estratégias de luta desta população na conquista de um espaço social. Foram evidenciadas as dificuldades encontradas por este grupo populacional no que tange à sua inserção no mercado como fator determinante de sua ascensão social; é neste grupo que incluímos como cidadãos os negros e negras, que compõem a força de trabalho em enfermagem.
Satisfação do paciente: refinamento de instrumento de avaliação de serviços de saúde
Authors: Tahara Angela Tamiko Sato , Lucena Rogéria Aparecida Pereira Valter de , Oliveira Ana Paula Pessoa de , Santos Gilmara Ribeiro
Published: November 2014

Realizou-se uma revisão de literatura sobre Satisfação do Paciente em artigos publicados em periódicos internacionais e nacionais. Foram identificados os conceitos e as dimensões de satisfação, devido à importância da opinião do paciente e os pontos polêmicos/dificuldades para realização da pesquisa de satisfação do paciente, os quais consideramos como pontos em destaque. Realizada análise de vários estudos neste contexto para servir de base para uma pesquisa futura no sentido de medir a satisfação do cliente, foi feito análise comparativa de assuntos correlatos, onde foram estudados vários Questionários de Avaliação dos Serviços, de Satisfação e Auto-Avaliação do Paciente, chegando ao consenso de que os mesmos poderão servir de subsídios na orientação e desenvolvimento de pesquisa dessa natureza com adaptação e aperfeiçoamento dos mesmos.
Vivência de parturientes: observação de enfermagem
Authors: Simões Sónia Mara Faria , Souza Ívis Emília de Oliveira
Published: November 2014

Este estudo emergiu da minha experiência em Enfermagem Obstétrica e vivência em Obstetrícia. Caminhei na busca de compreender o significado das vivências do trabalho de parto enquanto fenômeno situado. É uma pesquisa qualitativa com abordagem fenomenológica. As puérperas foram as depoentes mediante a questão norteadora "O que foi para você a experiência passada na sala de pré-parto?". Na análise e hermenêutica das falas à luz do referencial teórico-filosófico de Martin Heidegger, foi possível desvelar que o ser parturiente mostra-se temerosa, lançada em sua vivência, surpresa pela singularidade de cada trabalho de parto, aponta a dor como possibilidade de limite existencial, está aberta à ajuda e percebe a impessoalidade no atendimento prestado. Este sentido desvelado levou-me à compreensão da parturiente-como-ser-aí-no-mundo-com-os-profissionais-de saúde, e indicou possibilidade de novas modalidades de assistir na obstetrícia.
Desempenho discente de enfermagem na administração de terapêutica via intramuscular
Authors: Nogueira Maria Suely , Mendes Isabel Amélia Costa , Hayashida Miyeko , Godoy Simone de
Published: November 2014

Em estudo experimental desenvolvido junto a alunos matriculados no curso de graduação em enfermagem, que teve como objetivo comparar o desempenho de dois grupos de alunos, submetidos a dois métodos de ensino diferentes, avaliou-se o desempenho dos mesmos durante sua primeira experiência realizando a aplicação de injetáveis via intramuscular, em situação real, onde o aluno realizou o procedimento em um cliente que procurava a Unidade Básica de Saúde, com a apresentação de receita médica que justificasse a necessidade do medicamento. Os grupos controle (GC) e experimental (GE) continham 35 alunos cada e foram submetidos respectivamente aos métodos de ensino tradicional e módulos instrucionais, conforme procedimento metodológico descrito por Nogueira (1995). A avaliação do aluno, em campo, foi realizada por enfermeira que desconhecia o tratamento específico a que cada aluno havia sido submetido e que, através de "Check-list" do procedimento para medicamento contido em ampola e frasco-ampola, seguira os passos realizados pelo aluno, indicando seu desempenho na coluna correspondente. Os resultados indicaram que o tempo gasto pelos sujeitos dos dois grupos foi praticamente o mesmo, ou seja, em média 9,4 minutos para o GC e 9,3 minutos para o GE, quando realizaram o procedimento com ampola, e de 13,5 minutos (GC) e 12,4 minutos (GE), quando o fizeram com frasco-ampola. No geral, os alunos do Grupo Controle apresentaram, na situação real, desempenho regular (42,9%), bom (48,9%) e muito bom (8,5), enquanto que os do Grupo Experimental classificaram-se em regular (5,7%), bom (60,0%) e muito bom (34,3%). Estes resultados permitem evidenciar a importância do aluno se responsabilizar pela sua própria aprendizagem, levando-nos a utilizar novos métodos de ensino na enfermagem.
Estrutura e processo assistencial de enfermagem ao paciente com câncer
Authors: Adami Nilce Piva , Rivero de Gutiérrez Maria Gaby , Maranhão Amélia Maria Scarpa de A. , Almeida Elizabeth Pinto Magalhães de
Published: November 2014

Esta pesquisa objetivou avaliar a estrutura para o atendimento ao paciente com câncer e o processo asssistencial em quimioterapia antineoplásica. Foi realizada em seis unidades de internação e uma ambulatorial de um hospital universitário, utilizando-se a observação sistematizada e entrevista semi-estruturada, no período de janeiro a junho de 1996. Constatou-se que existem deficiências na área física e instalações das unidades estudadas. O pessoal de enfermagem, de modo geral, não possui preparo formal em Oncologia, com exceção do Setor de Quimioterapia. Verificou-se falta de sistematização da assistência de enfermagem e diferenças entre as unidades estudadas no que tange aos aspectos técnico-organizacionais da administração de antineoplásicos, bem como na interação entre profissionais e pacientes atendidos. As inadequações observadas poderiam ser minimizadas com uma política que contemple o aumento do financiamento do setor público da saúde, a implantação da sistematização da assistência e a inclusão da Oncologia na educação permanente do pessoal de enfermagem.
Estilos de administração do conflito entre enfermeiros(as): validação de instrumento
Authors: Francisco Márcio Tadeu Ribeiro , Clos Araci Carmen , Santos Iraci dos , Larrubia Eliel de Oliveira
Published: November 2014

O presente estudo teve por objeto as modalidades de administração de conflito adotado por enfermeiros na prática profissional. Considerando a Teoria do "Grid" Gerencial (BLAKE & MOUTON, 1997), o conflito pode ser resolvido em diferentes níveis de qualidade ou não ser solucionado, influenciado pelo estilo de comportamento gerencial. Objetivou-se identificar os estilos de administração dos conflitos adotados por enfermeiros, analisando suas interações. Foi testado um questionário com 25 itens, composto em sua maioria por adágios populares que expressam os cincos modelos básicos de estilos gerenciais. A pesquisa ocorreu no Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, no período de junho de 1996 a agosto de 1997, tendo sido aplicados o método descritivo e a técnica de análise de função através de "check-list". A análise fatorial dos itens demonstrou a ocorrência de oito fatores interdependentes, delineando os seguintes estilos adotados por enfermeiros: confrontação, negociação, enfrentamento, conciliação, manipulação, aceitação, submissão e retirada. Os autores recomendam a revalidação do instrumento de coleta de dados.