bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enfermedad renal aguda por picaduras de abejas: reporte de un caso.
Authors: Velázquez Celso Cueto , Rios-González Carlos Miguel
Published: March 2021

El objetivo de la presente fue describir un caso de enfermedad renal aguda por picaduras de abejas. Se presenta un paciente masculino, de 35 años de edad, quien se encontraba consumiendo bebidas alcohólicas sin recordar cantidad, acude a extraer miel de abejas donde fue atacado por las mismas, refiere que comenzó a picarlo en la cabeza, brazos, parte anterior y posterior del tórax; Al cuarto día de su ingreso a servicio, seis días posterior del inicio del cuadro paciente se encuentra confuso, desorientado inquieto con aumento de la disnea con requerimiento de oxigeno suplementario por cánula nasal y ánurico. A pesar de la escasa publicación que se relaciona con las picaduras de abejas y el desarrollo de insuficiencia renal aguda, los hallazgos están dirigidos a la rabdomiolisis y la hemolisis como causa principal para el desarrollo de injuria renal aguda reversible. En nuestra región existe riesgo de padecer múltiples picaduras de abejas, por lo que requiere constante actualización ante un posible desenlace fatal prevenible y reversible.
Clasificación de Sub-tipos de Atrofia Espinal Tipo 1 y 2 según Capacidad Vital y Evaluaciones respiratorias específicas.
Authors: Giménez Gloria Concepción , Prado Atlagic Francisco Javier
Published: March 2021

Introducción: La Atrofia Muscular Espinal es una enfermedad del asta anterior de la medula espinal, causada por los escases de sobrevivencia de proteínas de las motoneuronas. La gravedad de la AME varía de la apnea perinatal y dependencia definitiva de ventilación mecánica continua hasta la aparición de debilidad muscular en la edad adulta. La Atrofia Muscular Espinal  fenotípica 1 se define por incapacidad para sentarse independientemente; tipo 2, por capacidad de sentarse pero no caminar. La debilidad muscular lleva a una disminución progresiva de la capacidad vital, la intensidad y precocidad se vincula con los grados de afectación de los grupos musculares respiratorios. Metodología: estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo. La población accesible fueron pacientes diagnosticados con Atrofia Espinal,  atendidos en el Hospital de Clínicas-San Lorenzo durante el periodo 2017 a 2019. Resultados: Fueron incluidos 28 evaluaciones respiratorias de 22 pacientes, el  68 % fue del sexo masculino y 32 % del sexo femenino con edad promedio de 4 ± 3.8 años,  75% de las evaluaciones correspondieron al tipo 2 y 25% al tipo 1, 95%  de los pacientes con Tipo 2, correspondieron al subtipo B y 5% al Subtipo A, 57% de los pacientes con AME Tipo 1, correspondieron al subtipo A de los cuales el 100% presentó dependencia a Asistencia Mecánica Ventilatoria,75% de los mismos están traqueotomizados. El 43% restante correspondió al subtipo B.Discusión: Las mediciones de la Capacidad Vital junto con las evaluaciones respiratorias específicas son esenciales para el pronóstico funcional respiratorio. La sub-clasificación de la Atrofia Espinal tipo 1 y 2, determina el pronóstico de la respiración autónoma y establece las medidas estándares de cuidados que deben ser parte del tratamiento integral. Ignorar dichas medidas o no realizarlas a tiempo, comprometen seriamente la morbimortalidad y la calidad.
Conocimientos y actitudes acerca de la eutanasia y el suicidio asistido en estudiantes y profesionales del área de salud del Hospital de Clínicas, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
Authors: Bogado Fabián
Published: March 2021

Introducción: El suicidio asistido y la eutanasia son prácticas realizadas para acortar la vida de los pacientes que sufren de manera insoportable. Objetivos: Valorar la actitud del personal de blanco y estudiantes de un hospital universitario acerca del suicidio asistido y la eutanasia, asimismo demostrar el grado de conocimiento de estos, establecer su postura, identificar las razones por las cuales algunos están en desacuerdo con su legalización y contrastar sus actitudes acerca de la realización de eutanasia o suicidio asistido a pacientes terminales y la realización de dichas prácticas sobre su persona en caso de padecer enfermedades terminales. Metodología: Estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal con muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia llevado a cabo de febrero a marzo del 2020. La muestra fue 300. Se utilizó un cuestionario de autocumplimiento, distribuido digitalmente a los participantes. Resultados: El 10% ha recibido peticiones de pacientes para acelerar la muerte, el 42,7% ha considerado la idea de acelerar la muerte para terminar con el sufrimiento. El 63,3% aceleraría su muerte en caso de padecer enfermedad terminal. El 32% y 38% está totalmente de acuerdo en legalizar el suicidio asistido y la eutanasia, respectivamente, en caso de enfermedades terminales. El 12,7% lo está en caso de Alzheimer o esclerosis lateral amiotrófica. El 16,7% está a favor de la legalización de la eutanasia en casos de tetraplejía. El motivo de desacuerdo más común (32%) para su legalización fueron las razones personales. El 20% y 15,3% cometerían eutanasia y suicidio asistido, respectivamente, en caso de padecer enfermedades terminales. El 34% probablemente cometería eutanasia a un paciente en caso de ser legal. Discusión: La respuesta profesional, científica y humana a las múltiples necesidades durante la fase final está en la medicina paliativa, que es la respuesta frente al derecho de todo ser humano al alivio del sufrimiento.
Síndrome de Burnout y dependencia al alcohol en estudiantes de Medicina
Authors: González Israel , Alfonzo Alejandra , Aranda José , Cámeron Sebastián , Chávez Diana , Duré Nadia , Pino Ana , Penner Débora , Ocampo Sebastián , Villalba Santiago , Torales Julio
Published: March 2021

Introducción: el síndrome de Burnout es una enfermedad mental causada por el estrés laboral, situación ampliamente asociada con los médicos y otros profesionales de salud, asimismo, el abuso de sustancias y la depresión también son problemas psiquiátricos que están relacionados con este ámbito. Objetivo: identificar la frecuencia de estudiantes de medicina del área clínica de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción con sospecha de Síndrome de Burnout y trastorno de abuso de alcohol. Metodología: estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal en estudiantes de medicina del área clínica de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción de Paraguay. Se utilizaron encuestas con la prueba de identificación de desórdenes de uso del alcohol (AUDIT-C), el inventario de Maslach y el screening de depresión PHQ-2. Resultados: de las 157 encuestas, el 43,9% cumplió con los criterios de Síndrome de Burnout, el 49% cumplió los criterios de abuso/dependencia de alcohol y el 38,9% tuvo criterios de alta probabilidad de trastorno depresivo mayor, de ellos la mayoría presentó ideación suicida en los últimos 12 meses. Conclusión: los resultados fueron parecidos a los hallados en la literatura, sin embargo, ciertos aspectos fueron mayores en este estudio, como el porcentaje que cumple los criterios de Síndrome de Burnout, abuso de sustancias e ideación suicida. El Síndrome de Burnout y la dependencia al alcohol son frecuentes en estudiantes de medicina y se asocian comúnmente a trastornos depresivos.
Psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic among healthcare workers in Paraguay: A descriptive and preliminary study
Authors: Villalba-Arias Jorge , Estigarribia Gladys , Bogado José Andrés , Méndez Julieta , Toledo Santiago , González Israel , Castaldelli-Maia João Mauricio , Ventriglio Antonio , Torales Julio
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Healthcare workers exposed to SARS-CoV-2 are vulnerable to psychological distress. The goal of this study is to evaluate the psychological impact of exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 among healthcare workers in Paraguay. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in 5 tertiary hospitals in the Central, San Pedro and Caaguazú Departments of Paraguay during the COVID-19 pandemic from April to June 2020. The pilot study included 125 healthcare workers as participants, 25 for each hospital. Demographic data and occupational exposure data were collected with an ad-hoc questionnaire. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were evaluated employing the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale-7. The prevalence of post-traumatic stress was determined using the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Check List-C. Results: Of the 125 participants, 68 (54.8%) were doctors, 37 (29.8) nurses, 7 (5.6%) biochemists, 3 (2.4%) obstetricians, and 9 (7.3%) other healthcare workers. Most participants were females (86 [68.8%]), with an average age of 33.8 years (SD ± 7.4), single (71 [56.8%]), with a postgraduate educational level (83 [66.4%]), and reporting a junior level of work experience (52 [41.6%]). A total of 71 (57.3%) were classified as high-risk healthcare workers after exposure to SARS-CoV-2. 61 (48.8%) of participants presented symptoms of depression, and 68 (54.4%) presented symptoms of anxiety. A small group reported symptoms of post-traumatic stress (9 [7.2%]). Conclusion: Healthcare workers in Paraguay reported a significant prevalence of depressive and anxious symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings lend support to the idea that healthcare workers are vulnerable to psychological distress and that they may require specific mental health interventions.
Consumo abusivo de alcohol en estudiantes adolescentes
Authors: Arrom Suhurt María Auxiliadora , Fresco María del Pilar , Arrom Suhurt Carmen Marina , Ruoti Mónica , Capurro Marcos Herán , Arrom Suhurt Cristina , Fresco Ortiz Manuel Angel
Published: March 2021

Introducción: el consumo nocivo de alcohol en adolescentes preocupa cada vez más en muchos países, pues reduce el autocontrol y aumenta los comportamientos de riesgo. Objetivo: se propuso analizar el consumo abusivo de alcohol en 463 estudiantes de secundaria. Metodología: estudio transversal descriptivo y retrospectivo, en adolescentes de 56 colegios del Departamento de Alto Paraná. Muestreo probabilístico, trietápico, cuestionario auto-administrado, estructurado y anónimo, previa autorización. Para nivel de consumo se utilizaron como parámetro, cantidades de consumo abusivo de alcohol de la Encuesta Nacional de Hábitos Tóxicos del Paraguay. Información cargada en base de datos en Excel, analizada con Stata. Resultados: Del total de 661 de la muestra, 70,0 % (463) consumió alguna vez en su vida, 27 % (182) no. De este total (100 %/463) 75,6 % (350) consumió con 15 años (y menos) y desde los 16 años, el 19 % (88). En el último año, 44,7 % (207) consumió cerveza en forma abusiva; 34,3 % (159) consumió menos y 17,9 % (83) no consumió. También 35,0 % (162) consumió vino en forma abusiva, 28,7 % (133) consumió menos y 32,4 % (150) no consumió. En los últimos 30 días, consumieron cerveza en forma abusiva 42,1 % (195), mientras 24,4 % (113) consumió menos y 28,9 % (134) no consumió. También 29,2 % (135) consumió vino en forma abusiva, mientras 21,4 % (99) menos y 43,8 % (203) no consumió. Conclusión: consumo abusivo de alcohol que se observa a temprana edad en la población de estudio y consumo femenino que prácticamente iguala al consumo de varones.
Producción Científica de Medicina Clínica y Social
Authors: Montiel-Alfonso Miguel Angel
Published: March 2021

La calidad de las revistas científicas no se mide solamente por la cantidad de artículos originales publicados, sino también por la repercusión y trascendencia de los mismos en la comunidad científica a través del número de citas que se realizan de dichos artículos. Es el objetivo de esta misiva brindar una breve reflexión sobre la productividad de la revista a su cargo. Se optó por utilizar indicadores cienciométricos ofrecidos por el programa Publish or Perish. La estrategia de búsqueda de los indicadores se realizó utilizando el ISSN de la revista. Los indicadores que ofrece Publish or Perish (con datos proveídos por Google Académico) y que son incluidos son: cantidad de trabajos, total de citas, citas por año, citas por artículo, índice H y autores por artículo. El primer número de la revista fue publicado en el 2017, por tanto, la investigación abarca al 2017-2020.
Il graffio
Authors: Ventura Alessandro
Published: March 2021

Medico e Bambina
Effect of microencapsulated phenolic compound extracts of Maclura tinctoria (L.) Steud on growth performance and humoral immunity markers of white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei, Boone, 1931) juveniles
Authors: Diaz Jose S. , Flores-Miranda Maria C. , Almaraz-Abarca Norma , Fierro-Coronado Arturo , Luna-Gonzalez Antonio , Garcia-Ulloa Manuel , Gonzalez-Ocampo Hector A.
Published: March 2021

Aim of study: The effect of microencapsulated phenolic compound extracts of Maclura tinctoria (MTBE) on growth performance and humoral immunity markers of the white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles (0.5 ± 0.2 g initial weight) was studied.Area of study: M. tinctoria was collected from Hampolol, Campeche, and Arroyo del Agua, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico.Material and methods: Three MTBE inclusions (0.5, 1, and 2.5 g MTBE/kg, Purina®) were compared with a control commercial feed (Purina®) during 30 days. Nine phenolic acids, nine flavonols, four dihydro-flavonoids, four flavones, and seven unidentified phenolic compounds were determined fin the MTBE using a Perkin Elmer® HPLC chromatograph and diode array-detection.Main results: The mean concentrations of total phenolic compounds, total flavonoid compounds, and condensed tannins were 198.05 ± 5.59 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) g-1 dw, 78.57 ± 1.80 quercetin equivalent g-1, and 28.32 ± 0.33 mg epicatechin equivalent g-1, respectively. The ferric reducing antioxidant power and the total antioxidant capacity, respectively, averaged 28.32 mg GAE mL-1 and 10.9 mg ascorbic acid equivalent mL-1. Survival, weight gain, and specific growth rate of L. vannamei were similar among the experimental diets. The dietary inclusion of MTBE at 0.5 g/kg of food showed significant higher (p < 0.05) plasma hemocyte lysate protein (1.35 ± 0.055 µg mL-1), prophenoloxidase (0.47 ± 0.15, Abs. 492 nm), and superoxide anion (O2.-) activity (0.21 ± 0.07, Abs. 630 nm).Research highlights: The supplementation of MTBE at 0.5 g/kg of food could be considered as a potential alternative additive for L. vannamei diet in the juvenile production, since it improved the response of the humoral immunity markers at post larval life stages, when cultivated shrimp are more susceptible to be infected by pathogens.
Short communication: Sublethal effects of insecticides used in strawberry on Trichogramma pretiosum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)
Authors: Alano Daniel M. , Araujo Emily S. , Mirás-Avalos José M. , Pimentel Ida C. , Zawadneak Maria A. C.
Published: March 2021

Aim of study: Assessment of toxicity and sublethal effects of registered insecticides currently used in strawberry cultivation in Brazil on Trichogramma pretiosum Riley adults.Area of study: The study was conducted under laboratory conditions in Paraná (Brazil).Material and methods: Previously non-parasitized Duponchelia fovealis Zeller (Lepidoptera: Cambridae) eggs were dipped into insecticide dilutions or control solution. Seven active ingredients were tested: thiamethoxam, abamectin, azadirachtin, spinetoram, chlorfenapyr, lambda-cyhalothrin and chlorpyriphos. Side-effects of pesticides were quantified by measuring mortality on T. pretiosum females in 24 h, longevity after exposure to the insecticides, parasitism and emergence rates, and offspring sex ratio. These traits were also measured on the second generation.Main results: According to IOBC criteria, thiamethoxam was classified as harmless; abamectin, chlorfenapyr and spinetoram as slightly toxic; azadirachtin and lambda-cyhalothrin as moderately toxic and chlorpyriphos as toxic. The emergence rate of T. pretiosum secondgeneration was not significantly affected by thiamethoxam, abamectin, azadirachtin, and chlorfenapyr. Sublethal effects caused by azadirachtin, abamectin and chlorfenapyr were verified in the secondgeneration.Research highlights: The information generated by this study is useful for designing future biological control strategies in integrated pest management programs against D. fovealis.
Ontwikkeling en institutionalisering van een anti-establishmentpartij
Authors: Broekhuizen Gideon , van Ostaaijen Julien
Published: March 2021

Development and Institutionalization of an Anti-Establishment Party. The Case of Livable Rotterdam (Leefbaar Rotterdam)

There is much research available about the development and government participation of new political parties (e.g. Pedersen, 1982; Deschouwer, 2008). Scholars show that survival for new political parties is often difficult, as they in general had little time for party building (Bollyer & Bytzek, 2017). Moreover, the expectation for specific types of new parties, mainly anti-establishment parties, is that they pay a high(er) electoral price when participating in government (Van Spanje, 2011). The Dutch case of the local political party of ‘Leefbaar Rotterdam’ (Livable Rotterdam, LR) is a noteworthy exception to this rule. It won the Rotterdam local election in 2002 with almost 35 percent of the votes, only months after its establishment. Until this day, LR remains an electorally large and relevant political party, participating in Rotterdam government twice (2002-2006 and 2014-2018). The article shows that in comparison to some national new political parties, LR succeeded in building a solid party organization and that from a party institutionalization perspective, it can be considered an institutionalized party. Regarding theory, it provides some additions to party building literature, such as the importance of personal relations and the balance between organizational unity and member autonomy.
Adverse events using shorter MDR-TB regimens: outcomes from Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
Authors: Mason C. Y. , Prieto A. , Bogati H. , Sannino L. , Akai N. , Marquardt T.
Published: March 2021

Evidence increasingly indicates that standardised, shorter regimens (SR) for multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) is effective in treating this global disease, but there is little published data on associated adverse events. We report outcomes from a cohort treated with the SR in Port Moresby,
Papua New Guinea (PNG). Among 26 patients treated with a TB SR from September 2017 to September 2018, 10 (39%) were successful treatments, 12 (46%) were failures, 2 died, and 2 were lost to follow-up. Of those whose treatment failed, most (n = 10) changed their regimen due to adverse
events, including seven from ototoxicity, suggesting this SR may not be suited to all patients in PNG and similar settings.
Continuous manufacturing versus batch manufacturing: benefits, opportunities and challenges for manufacturers and regulators
Authors: Hock Sia Chong , Siang Teh Kee , Wah Chan Lai
Published: March 2021

Continuous manufacturing (CM) is the integration of a series of unit operations, processing materials continually to produce the final pharmaceutical product. In recent years, CM of pharmaceuticals has transformed from buzzword to reality, with at least eight currently approved drugs produced by CM. Propelled by various driving forces, manufacturers and regulators have recognized the benefits of CM and are awaiting the completion of the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) Q13, a harmonized guideline on CM that would be implemented by ICH members. Although significant progress is evident, the uptake of CM is still sluggish in the pharmaceutical industry due to many existing challenges that have hindered manufacturers from adopting this technology. The top two barriers that manufacturers currently face are regulatory uncertainties and high initial cost. These issues are crucial in unleashing the untapped potential of CM, which has significant implications on patients’ access to life-saving medicines, while mutually benefitting manufacturers and regulators. Despite numerous studies, there have been few existing publications that review current regulatory guidelines, highlight the latest challenges extensively and propose recommendations that are applicable for all pharmaceuticals and biopharmaceuticals. Therefore, this critical review aims to present the recent progress and existing challenges to provide greater clarity for manufacturers on CM. This review also proposes vital recommendations and future perspectives. These include regulatory harmonization, managing financial risks, hybrid processes, capacity building, a culture of quality and Pharma 4.0. While regulators and the industry work towards creating a harmonized guideline on CM, manufacturers should focus on overcoming existing cost, technical and cultural challenges to facilitate the implementation of CM.
Chefsache?! Autor:innen und Kontexte von Kommentaren in deutschen Zeitungen
Authors: Schützeneder Jonas , Iroezi Janet , Müller Louisa , Rüschenschmidt Zoe , Schnelle Ilka
Published: March 2021

Der Journalismus hat die Aufgabe, „Spiegel der Gesellschaft“ zu sein und zwar mit einem doppelten Auftrag: Themen und Inhalte auf der einen, aber auch innerredaktionelle Strukturen auf der anderen Seite sollten die breite Vielfalt der Gesellschaft demonstrieren. Der vorliegende Aufsatz geht auf beide Normen ein und analysiert die Kommentare in deutschen Tageszeitungen in Bezug auf das Geschlecht der Autor:innen und die jeweiligen formalen und inhaltlichen Besonderheiten. Es zeigt sich: Kommentare werden deutlich seltener von Autorinnen verfasst, auch thematisch und formell ergeben sich spezifische Unterschiede.
Betreutes Wohnen in Gastfamilien für Menschen mit Behinderung
Authors: Pichlmeier Eva , Schroll-Decker Irmgard , Weiß Peter
Published: March 2021

Betreutes Wohnen in Gastfamilien für Menschen mit Behinderung (BWG) ist ein Angebot für psychisch kranke Langzeitpatient*innen, für Menschen mit geistiger Behinderung und für abhängigkeitskranke Menschen (Weiß 2019, S. 2). Es richtet sich an eine Klientel, die z.B. infolge eines längeren Klinik- oder Heimaufenthalts kein eigenständiges Leben führen kann. Die anspruchsberechtigte Person wird in eine Gastfamilie aufgenommen, die dafür eine Vergütung erhält.
WSI-Mindestlohnbericht 2021: Ist Europa auf dem Weg zu angemessenen Mindestlöhnen?
Authors: Lübker Malte , Schulten Thorsten
Published: March 2021

Ende 2020 hat die Europäische Kommission einen ersten Entwurf für eine Richtlinie über angemessene Mindestlöhne vorgelegt. Ausgangspunkt ist die Überlegung, dass die Mindestlöhne in fast allen Mitgliedsstaaten unter der international üblichen Schwelle von 60 % des Medianlohns bzw. 50 % des Durchschnittslohns liegen und damit für ein menschenwürdiges Leben nicht ausreichen. Der diesjährige WSI-Mindestlohnbericht dokumentiert, dass zum Erreichen dieser Richtwerte in den meisten Ländern deutliche Anhebungen der Mindestlöhne notwendig sind. Auch wenn das Wachstum der Mindestlöhne in der EU in diesem Jahr – bedingt durch die Corona-Pandemie – mit nur 3,1 % (nominal) bzw. 1,6 % (real) deutlich geringer ausfällt als in den Vorjahren, so zeigen internationale Erfahrungswerte, dass Mindestlohnsteigerungen in der erforderlichen Größenordnung mittelfristig ein realistisches Ziel sind. Von einer entsprechenden Anhebung der Mindestlöhne würden in der EU 25,3 Mio. Beschäftigten profitieren, davon 6,8 Mio. in Deutschland. Die Initiative der Europäischen Kommission verdeutlicht damit auch den politischen Handlungsbedarf in Deutschland, wo 60 % des Medianlohns einem Mindestlohn von ca. 12 € entsprechen.
Tarifpolitischer Jahresbericht 2020: Tarifpolitik unter den Bedingungen der Corona-Pandemie
Authors: Schulten Thorsten ,   WSI-Tarifarchiv
Published: March 2021

Der aktuelle jährliche Tarifbericht des WSI-Tarifarchives analysiert ausführlich die Tarifrunde 2020. Er gibt einen Überblick über die Tarifforderungen, die Abschlüsse und weist die jährlichen Tarifsteigerungen aus. Im Durchschnitt stiegen die Tariflöhne im Jahr 2020 nominal um 2,0 %. Angesichts einer Inflationsrate von 0,5 % entspricht dies einem deutlichen Reallohnzuwachs von 1,5 %. Damit hat die Tarifpolitik auch unter den schwierigen Bedingungen der Corona-Pandemie einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Stabilisierung der Einkommen geleistet. Allerdings fallen immer weniger Beschäftigte in Deutschland unter einen Tarifvertrag. Die Stärkung der Taftbindung ist deshalb eine der wichtigsten Herausforderungen.
Infection with Human Papillomavirus as a Potential Risk Factor for Prostate Cancer: A Case-control Study
Authors: Ohadian Moghadam Solmaz , Nowroozi Mohammad Reza , Nowroozi Ali , Rezaei Pouria
Published: March 2021

Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most frequent cancers in men, with several risk factors, including infection. In this study, we aimed to assess the association of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection with prostate cancer risk and aggressiveness. Methods: This case-control study was performed on a total of 70 archival formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) prostatic tissue blocks. Among them, 35 histopathologically confirmed prostate cancer tissues and 35 benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) samples were enrolled as cases and controls, respectively. The specimens were examined by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization for the detection of HPV DNA of both low-risk (6, 11) and high-risk (16, 18) types. Results: The primary results of PCR for the L1 region revealed HPV infection in 34.3% and 8.6% of the cases and controls, respectively (P = 0.018). The HPV typing using hybridization revealed a significant difference between the two groups in terms of infection with HPV types 16 and 18 (P = 0.003, P = 0.028, respectively). The findings showed no significant association of HPV infection with age and prostate specific antigen (PSA) level of the patients. In addition, no significant association was found between infection with HPV and Gleason score (GS). Conclusions: Our findings indicated that HPV infection, especially with high-risk types 16 and 18, has a significant association with prostatic carcinogenesis. In addition, although patients with GS = 7 showed higher rates of infection with HPV, we did not observe any statistical association between HPV infection and GS.
Virtue Ethics for Responsible Innovation
Authors: Steen Marc , Sand Martin , Van de Poel Ibo ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2021

Governments and companies are increasingly promoting and organizing Responsible Innovation. It is, however, unclear how the seemingly incompatible demands for responsibility, which is associated with care and caution, can be harmonized with demands for innovation, which is associated with risk-taking and speed. We turn to the tradition of virtue ethics and argue that it can be a strong accomplice to Responsible Innovation by focussing on the agential side of innovation. Virtue ethics offers an adequate response to the epistemic and moral complexity in innovation and encourages moral behaviour. We enumerate a number of virtues that people involved in Responsible Innovation would need to cultivate both related to responsibility, such as justice, anticipation, civility and inclusion, and virtues related to innovation, such as courage, dedication, curiosity and creativity. We put forward practical wisdom (phronesis) as a key virtue to regulate relevant virtues and to deal with the tension between responsibility and innovation. Practical wisdom helps an agent to find an appropriate mean in exercising and expressing the other virtues—where the mean is relative to the specific context of action and the role and abilities of the agent.
Evaluation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Achyrocline Satureioides (Marcela) and its infusion
Authors: Sanches Filho Pedro José , Arduim Julia , Betemps Glauco Rasmussen , Andrade Gabriela Oliveira , Silva Ricardo Correa da Silva da
Published: March 2021

This study evaluates the presence and levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Achyrocline Satureioides (inflorescences and infusions) using extraction under ultrasound accompanied by clean up with solid phase extraction (SPE) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Sixteen priority PAHs were listed as priority contaminants by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and PAHs (Benzo(a)Anthracene, Chrysene, Benzo(b)Fluoranthene, Benzo(a)Pyrene) were chosen as indicators by the European Food Safety Agency for the presence of PAHs in food. The HPAs concentrations ranged from 48.1 µg Kg-1 ± 1.4% to 48.8 µg Kg-1 ± 1.9% in Achyrocline Satureioides inflorescences. The total concentration in infusions of PAHs was 2.5 µg L-1 ± 6.3%. The sum of the priority PAHs in Achyrocline Satureioides samples ranged from 126.8 µg Kg-1 ± 13.6% and 218.9 µg Kg-1 ± 16.1% and infusion had a value of 10.0 µg L-1 ± 8.1%. The PAH concentrations in tea infusions are lower when compared with other food matrices, but the migration of these compounds for tea is high, resulting in levels that may cause damage to health.
Análise do consumo de água e produtos químicos em indústrias têxteis no Agreste Pernambucano
Authors: Rocha Clarissa Maria Ramalho de Sá , Silva Vicente de Paulo Rodrigues da , Silva Patricia Ferreira da , Campos João Hugo Baracuy da Cunha
Published: March 2021

O consumo de água e produtos químicos nas indústrias/lavanderias têxteis é elevado, necessitando desta forma de alternativas visando mitigar os impactos ao meio ambiente. Assim, objetivou-se este estudo analisar as o consumo de água e produtos químicos poluentes utilizados pelas indústrias de beneficiamento de jeans no agreste Pernambucano. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em três cidades do Agreste Pernambucano, conhecidas como polo têxtil. Foram aplicados questionários em 18 indústrias/lavanderias têxteis a fim de conhecer o consumo de água bruta, percentual de efluentes tratados, volume de água depositado nos rios e a quantidade de produtos químicos utilizado em cada etapa de beneficiamento de jeans. O consumo de água bruto, de produto químico, o reuso e a produção de jeans eleva-se, a medida que as empresas crescem com relação ao porte.  O produto comercial denominado Amaciante, principio ativo peroxido de hidrogênio é o mais utilizado pelas indústrias/lavanderias têxteis no agreste pernambucano. Quanto maior o porte da indústria/lavanderia têxtil mais elevado o consumo de água, produtos químicos e efluentes lançados nos rios. O permanganato de potássio é um dos produtos químicos utilizados no beneficiamento de jeans, mais poluentes e persistentes em meio aquáticos.  As indústrias/lavanderias têxteis são grandes agentes poluidoras, uma vez que usam elevados volumes de água e produtos químicos, necessitando de normas mais rígidas quanto a emissão e despejos de seus resíduos.  Faz-se necessário a busca por alternativas visando reduzir o consumo de água bruta, como reuso, manutenção continua de maquinas e substituição de produtos químicos poluentes por técnicas sustentáveis.
Valoração do Parque Ecológico de Valparaíso de Goiás
Authors: Silva Lucivânio Oliveira , Castro Joana D'arc Bardella
Published: March 2021

A questão ambiental encontra-se no centro das discussões entre os pesquisadores e ambientalistas, uma vez que se nota um processo de degradação acelerado do meio ambiente e quando um município possui uma área verde, a população deve se envolver na questão da preservação e conservação deste espaço para proporcionar uma melhoria da qualidade de vida de todos. Sendo assim, esta pesquisa objetivou valorar o Parque Ecológico de Valparaíso de Goiás identificando a disposição da população local a pagar pela preservação deste espaço. A metodologia consistiu em aplicar um questionário estruturado aos visitantes do parque maiores de dezoito anos, para verificar o nível de importância que os frequentadores atribuem ao parque, para isso aplicou-se o Método de Valoração Contingente, calculando a disposição a pagar (DAP) dos visitantes pela preservação e conservação do parque. Os resultados demonstraram que os visitantes têm consciência da importância da área, apontaram a falta de infraestrutura para que o parque se torne mais atrativo e seguro para a população local e os visitantes. 43,33% dos visitantes se mostraram dispostos a pagar pela preservação do parque, quando usado a DAP no formato open-ended, chegando a uma DAP média de R$ 9,42 enquanto que a DAP utilizando o bidding games 76,67% se dispuseram a pagar, obtendo uma DAP média de R$ 9,67. A conclusão da pesquisa mostrou que o Parque Ecológico de Valparaíso foi valorado em R$ 2.642.592,60 anualmente pelo valor da primeira DAP e em R$ 4.797.257,99 pela segunda DAP e que a população tem se mostrado sensível em cuidar deste bem ambiental municipal para melhorar a qualidade de vida da população local.
Formation documentaire créditée et obligatoire aux cycles supérieurs : contexte et bénéfices pour la clientèle étudiante et le corps professoral
Authors: Basque Élise Anne , Brodeur Christine , Du Ruisseau Manon , Roberge Jimmy , Soare Arina , Tremblay Marie
Published: March 2021

Depuis 2002, la Bibliothèque de Polytechnique Montréal offre des formations documentaires obligatoires et créditées, et plus de 5 000 étudiants et étudiantes aux cycles supérieurs en génie y ont participé. Un sondage effectué au fil des ans révèle que plus de 90 % de la clientèle étudiante est satisfaite des apprentissages réalisés durant les cours. Les étudiants et étudiantes apprécient particulièrement apprendre à créer et exécuter une stratégie de recherche complexe dans une base de données bibliographiques, mais aussi découvrir de nouvelles ressources et en apprendre davantage sur le plagiat et le droit d’auteur. Les résultats d’un sondage auprès du corps professoral font ressortir que ses membres jugent ces formations utiles, une grande majorité d’entre eux indiquant qu’elles ont permis à leurs étudiants et étudiantes de produire de meilleures revues de littérature. Les facteurs de succès de ces formations comprennent l’aspect crédité et obligatoire, les travaux portant sur le sujet de recherche et l’encadrement par les bibliothécaires. Outre les bénéfices pour la clientèle étudiante et le corps professoral, ces formations documentaires contribuent aussi au développement professionnel des bibliothécaires et amènent les bibliothèques universitaires à faire davantage partie de l’équation pour favoriser le succès des activités de recherche et d’enseignement de leur institution.
Soutenir et encourager l’exploitation artistique des archives : état de la situation
Authors: Walton Diana
Published: March 2021

La création artistique à partir d’archives a pris de l’ampleur au cours des dernières années. Les archivistes ont tout intérêt à porter une attention particulière aux artistes et à l’usage qu’ils font des archives, notamment en les invitant à oeuvrer dans les centres et les services d’archives. Cet article présente les résultats d’une évaluation de la situation en matière de projets en arts visuels et médiatiques issus de l’exploitation des archives qui se sont déroulés dans des centres et des services d’archives, ainsi que les sources de financement envisageables pour leur réalisation. Cette analyse a permis d’identifier les caractéristiques, les tendances et les pratiques qui s’avèrent pertinentes et enrichissantes pour le domaine archivistique et qui suggèrent des actions qu’un archiviste pourrait poser dès le processus d’élaboration et tout au long de la réalisation de tels projets. Cette étude a révélé qu’encourager et soutenir l’exploitation artistique des archives s’avère profitable d’un point de vue archivistique, par le potentiel à faire augmenter l’utilisation des archives, à développer des compétences pour répondre aux besoins des artistes, à développer de nouvelles approches de diffusion, ainsi qu’à sensibiliser et attirer de nouvelles clientèles.
La migration assistée : une option de conservation pour les espèces en situation précaire vulnérables aux changements climatiques ?
Authors: Ricard Marylène , Caron Charlie , Lachance Audrey , Bousquet Nicolas , Simard Anouk
Published: March 2021

Des études récentes révèlent que plusieurs espèces étendent progressivement leur aire de répartition vers le nord en réponse aux changements climatiques. Par sa position nordique en Amérique du Nord, le Québec pourrait constituer un refuge climatique pour plusieurs d’entre elles. Cet article documente le potentiel d’utilisation et l’éventuelle pertinence de la migration assistée comme mesure d’adaptation aux changements climatiques pour les espèces en situation précaire au Québec. Une revue de littérature décrit les cas de migration assistée répertoriés dans le monde ainsi que les bénéfices, risques et contraintes associés à cette option. Les critères pour le choix des espèces candidates comprennent plusieurs traits biologiques fréquemment rencontrés chez les espèces en situation précaire. L’analyse de trois études de cas, celui de la salamandre pourpre (Gyrinophilus porphyriticus), du chardon écailleux (Cirsium scariosum var. scariosum) et de la couleuvre brune (Storeriadekayi), a permis de cibler le chardon écailleux comme candidat à la migration assistée. Notre démarche propose différentes recommandations sur l’utilisation de cette mesure d’adaptation. Elle souligne la nécessité d’amorcer une discussion entre chercheurs, organismes gouvernementaux et non gouvernementaux, et le besoin de lignes directrices provinciales encadrant cette pratique afin d’améliorer les mesures de conservation dans un contexte de changements climatiques.
Étude de la diversité des insectes nécrophages associés à la décomposition d’une carcasse de porc (Sus domesticus Erxleben) au cours de l’hiver 2012-2013 au Québec
Authors: Grégoire Taillefer Amélie , Giroux Marjolaine
Published: March 2021

L’étude de la décomposition des carcasses de vertébrés est généralement réalisée lorsque les insectes nécrophages sont actifs ; au printemps, en été et en automne. Mais que se passe-t-il si un animal meurt quelques jours avant l’arrivée des températures froides et de la neige ? Pour répondre à cette question de façon préliminaire, une carcasse de porcelet (30 kg) a été installée dans un boisé de feuillus de novembre 2012 à mai 2013. Pour documenter le processus de décomposition, la carcasse a été photographiée et les insectes échantillonnés à intervalles réguliers. Les résultats démontrent que les températures froides ont perturbé les étapes de décomposition normalement observées (corps frais, gonflé, putréfié, post-putréfié et sec/restes) lors des saisons plus chaudes. En outre, en raison de fluctuations climatiques, seules deux (corps frais/congelé et corps putréfié) des trois premières étapes ont été observées. Les stades post-putréfié et sec n’ont pas été documentés puisque l’expérience a pris fin très tôt au printemps. En novembre, seules 6 espèces de diptères appartenant à 5 familles ont été observées en très petits nombres. Enfin, les redoux des mois de mars et avril ont permis de capturer des coléoptères (8 espèces de 4 familles) et des diptères (21 espèces de 11 familles), dont des Heleomyzidae qui ont été parmi les premiers à visiter la carcasse.
A Comparison of Land Use Classifications in Urbanized Areas in Selected European Countries
Authors: Matuk Olga
Published: March 2021

The real estate cadastre is the primary source of information on land use. It records information related to the division of land into types based on the actual way of land use or development. The distinguished types of land use depend on many geographical factors, as well as historical and economic conditions. The study presents a comparison of the detail of land use classification registered in the real estate cadastre in areas functionally related to the urban areas of 9 European countries: Austria, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Spain,  Lithuania, Luxembourg, Germany and Poland. The research concerned the determination of the degree to which the classification of land use in urbanized areas is detailed, whether the studied European countries are characterized by the same number of distinguished classes of objects at different levels of detail, and what percentage are the distinguished classes of land use objects in urbanized areas in relation to all of the distinguished classes of objects land use at different levels of detail of classification. The study used legal acts regulating land use issues which have been made available in national languages by government institutions.
AFTER LATE MODERNITY: POSSIBLE SCENARIOS FOR FUTURE SOCIAL CHANGES
Authors: Juza Marta
Published: March 2021

Contemporary society is currently undergoing milestone transformations. Many are the signs that modernity is moving into the background, no longer the dominant form of social order. This phase of decline is connected to numerous problems: a sense of uncertainty, a normative crisis, or, in other words, a state of anomie. The question therefore arises as to what comes next. If anomie is perceived as an illness, then three further scenarios are possible: the end of the world, crisis as a permanent state of affairs, or a healthy “recovery” which would entail the emergence and stabilization of a new type of society. This article presents all three of these variants: a society scattered across a network form of social order, a social order based upon a new type of community, and an order which, on a broad scale, incorporates nonhuman objects within human societies.
Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-aa regulates endoplasmic reticulum–mitochondria associations
Authors: Alassaf Mroj , Halloran Mary C
Published: March 2021

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria form close physical associations to facilitate calcium transfer, thereby regulating mitochondrial function. Neurons with high metabolic demands, such as sensory hair cells, are especially dependent on precisely regulated ER–mitochondria associations. We previously showed that the secreted metalloprotease pregnancy-associated plasma protein-aa (Pappaa) regulates mitochondrial function in zebrafish lateral line hair cells (Alassaf et al., 2019). Here, we show that pappaa mutant hair cells exhibit excessive and abnormally close ER–mitochondria associations, suggesting increased ER–mitochondria calcium transfer. pappaa mutant hair cells are more vulnerable to pharmacological induction of ER–calcium transfer. Additionally, pappaa mutant hair cells display ER stress and dysfunctional downstream processes of the ER–mitochondria axis including altered mitochondrial morphology and reduced autophagy. We further show that Pappaa influences ER–calcium transfer and autophagy via its ability to stimulate insulin-like growth factor-1 bioavailability. Together our results identify Pappaa as a novel regulator of the ER–mitochondria axis.
Rare variants increase the risk of severe COVID-19
Authors: van de Veerdonk Frank L , Netea Mihai G
Published: March 2021

Evidence is mounting that rare loss-of-function variants in the TLR7 gene predispose men with no medical history to severe forms of COVID-19.
Mortalidad causada por animales venenosos en Venezuela (2000-2009): nuevo patrón epidemiológico
Authors: De Sousa Leonardo , Borges Adolfo , De Sousa-Insana Enzo , Vásquez-Suárez Aleikar
Published: March 2021

Introducción. Los accidentes causados por animales venenosos ocurren con mucha frecuencia en comunidades pobres con acceso limitado a los servicios de salud. Se les consideran enfermedades desatendidas y son una de las causas importantes de morbimortalidad en varias naciones del mundo, incluida Venezuela.Objetivo. Evaluar la mortalidad por contacto traumático con animales venenosos (serie X20-X29) en Venezuela en el periodo de 2000 a 2009.Materiales y métodos. Los datos se obtuvieron de los anuarios de mortalidad del Ministerio de Salud.Resultados. Se registraron 759 decesos, la mayoría de ellos en el 2009. La primera causa fue la mordedura de serpientes (n=323; 42,6 %), seguida por la picadura de himenópteros (n=170; 22,4 %), la mordedura de centípedos (n=106; 14,0 %) y la picadura de escorpiones (n=76; 10,0 %). La mediana de la tasa de mortalidad general para el periodo fue de 0,285 fallecidos por 100.000 habitantes, en tanto que, por grupo específico, fue de 0,120 para ofidios, de 0,065 para himenópteros, de 0,035 para centípedos y de 0,025 para escorpiones.Conclusión. Al comparar estos datos con los antecedentes históricos, se evidenció la modificación del patrón de mortalidad en el país caracterizada por un aumento significativo de los decesos por centípedos, tercera causa de muerte, lo que reubica la picadura de escorpiones como la cuarta causa de mortalidad.
Open-Source Neural Architecture Search with Ensemble and Pre-trained Networks
Authors:   Dublin City University, Ireland, Lankford Séamus , Grimes Diarmuid
Published: March 2021

The training and optimization of neural networks, using pre-trained, super learner and ensemble approaches is explored. Neural networks, and in particular Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), are often optimized using default parameters. Neural Architecture Search (NAS) enables multiple architectures to be evaluated prior to selection of the optimal architecture. Our contribution is to develop, and make available to the community, a system that integrates open source tools for the neural architecture search (OpenNAS) of image classification models. OpenNAS takes any dataset of grayscale, or RGB images, and generates the optimal CNN architecture. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and pre-trained models serve as base learners for ensembles. Meta learner algorithms are subsequently applied to these base learners and the ensemble performance on image classification problems is evaluated. Our results show that a stacked generalization ensemble of heterogeneous models is the most effective approach to image classification within OpenNAS.
COVID-19: Achieving Maximum Medical Improvement and Assessing Permanent Impairment
Authors: Talmage James B. , Hyman Mark H. , Brigham Christopher R. , Gulick Sarah H. , Burton Leslie
Published: March 2021

Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may have persistent symptoms beyond the normally expected illness resolution. This disease was not diagnosed before late 2019, and therefore, we have more limited experience in understanding all of its outcomes. Thus, clinical, functional, and permanent impairment assessment is challenging. Symptoms including fatigue, dyspnea, and cognitive difficulties have been referred to as “post-acute COVID,” “long COVID,” or “long haulers.”

Patients who present for assessment of causation, maximum medical improvement (MMI), and permanent impairment can be challenging. For some examinees, after 6 to 12 months without outgoing improvement and with appropriate investigation, treatment, and rehabilitation, the examinee can be considered at MMI. However, because this disorder is new and appropriate treatment may be unclear, the time to achieve MMI is less certain. Physicians may use approaches in the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), to help define MMI. As science evolves, so will our understanding of how to evaluate chronic problems associated with COVID-19.
Rating Peripheral Nerves of the Lower Extremities Using the AMA Guides, Sixth Edition
Authors: Talmage James B. , Blaisdell Jay , Brigham Christopher R.
Published: March 2021

Nerve lesions caused by traumatic events to the lower extremity's peripheral nerves are rated using Section 16.4 of the sixth edition of the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides). Results from sensory and motor nerve tests are used to assign the impairment class within Table 16-12, Peripheral Nerve Impairment (6th ed, 534). The default rating may be modified with the functional history and clinical studies modifiers, but not the physical examination modifier, because it is used to assign the impairment class and define the degree of neurologic severity. Impairment for both sensory and motor deficits are assigned and then combined at the lower extremity level.