bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Petrology of the Paleocene Sedimentary Rocks of Denmark
Authors: Gry Helge
Published: June 2021

As the works on the petrology of the Danish sediments are only few and far between in the literature, the author of the present work has commenced upon an examination of these sediments. The author has made a commencement with the Paleocene, owing to the interesting sedimentary-petrological problems connected with it. In the Cretaceous we have sediments which mostly are organogenous or chemical calcareous rocks; in the Paleocene on the contrary the rocks are for the most part terrigenous elastic sands, marls and clays. Therefore, as the Paleocene lies transgressively over the Cretaceous, the boundary between the two represents a turning-point, both palaeogeographically and petrologically. Many characteristics in the series and the rock-types prove to be connected with this circumstance. Great weight has been attached in this work to a thorough analysis of the rocks, and consequently the greater part of it treats of the outcrops, from which abundant material could be procured for the investigation. The material from borings through the Paleocene has been employed for elucidating the facies-variations in the series in different parts of the country.
Marint Nedre-Miocæn i Klintinghoved paa Als. Et Bidrag til Løsning af Aquitanien-Spørgsmaalet
Authors: Sorgenfrei Theodor
Published: June 2021

Dette Arbejde er Resultatet af Undersøgelser og Indsamlinger foretaget i Klintinghoved, hvor de paabegyndtes i 1932 og fortsattes i Aarenes Løb i Samarbejde med min Broder Otto Sorgenfrei. For de glade Timer, vi har haft under dette vort Arbejde i Naturen, som er foretaget i vor Fritid, mens vi gik i Skole og i Tiden, der fulgte efter, vil jeg benytte Lejligheden til at sige Tak. Det er dog dr. phil. H. Ødum, der i sin Tid gjorde os opmærksom paa Forekomsten ved Klintinghoved, og som i den Tid, jeg har bearbejdet Faunaen, med levende Interesse har fulgt Arbejdet og opildnet mig til at fortsætte mine Undersøgelser; for alt dette skylder jeg al min Tak.
Landnam i Danmarks Stenalder. En pollenanalytisk Undersøgelse over det første Landbrugs Indvirkning paa Vegetationsudviklingen
Authors: Iversen Johs.
Published: June 2021

Denne Undersøgelse blev allerede i Efteraaret 1939 forelagt i Dansk Geologisk Forening og refereret i Naturhistorisk Tidende (1940). Siden har jeg udvidet Undersøgelsen paa forskellige Punkter; Tydningen af de fundne Forhold er i det væsentlige uændret. Med velberaad Hu undgaas dog i denne Afhandling Ordet ”Svedjebrug” om Skovrydningsbrandene, da det let fører til Misforstaaelser. Landnamet har rimeligvis været kombineret med Svedjebrug i Ordets mere specielle Betydning, men Landnamsbranden kan ikke sidestilles med en Svedjebrand af den karelske Art.
Chemical Analyses of Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks of Denmark, the Faeroes and Greenland. (To and including 1940)
Authors: Munck Sole , Noe-Nygaard Arne
Published: June 2021

The past ten years or so have seen the publication of collections of chemical rock analyses which, as a result of their clear form of set-up, in many ways faciliate the comparative study of the chemistry of the rocks and their mutual relationships. Among these publications there are: P. Niggli, F. De Quervain & R. U. Wintherthalter: Chemismus schweizerischer Gesteine. Bern 1930, and the analyses publish ed by the Geological Survey of Great Brita in: Chemical Analyses of Igneous Rocks, Metamorphic Rocks and Minerals. London 1931. Similar publications are available from two neighbouring countries, i.e. from Sweden: W. Larsson: Chemical Analyses of Swedish Rocks (Bull. Geol. Inst., Uppsala 1932) and from Finland : L. Lokka: Neuere Chemische Analysen von Finnisch en Gesteinen (Bull. Comm. Geol. de Finlande No. 105. Helsingfors 1934).
The Bison in Denmark. A Zoological and Geological Investigation of the Finds in Danish Pleistocene Deposits
Authors: Degerbøl Magnus , Iversen Johs.
Published: June 2021

Whereas we have a very comprehensive and, to a great extent, dated find-material for the Aurochs (Bos primigenius Boj.) from Danish bogs, there were only three known Danish Bison finds up to a few years ago, and their age was furthermore quite uncertain. The first find - a brain-case - came from Baldersbrønde near Roskilde and was published in 1852 by Japetus Steenstrup, who moreover in the year 1869 mentions still another find, but without saying anything about the finding-place. V. Nordmann (1915) has shown that from all the evidence Steenstrup in the case of the second find was referring to a skull fragment from Mjang Mose, on the island of Als, which in Steenstrup's time was already in the museum of the Sorø Academy. The third Bison find was made in 1902 in a bog near the town of Hjørring - again a brain-case (V. Nordmann 1930).
Jurassic, Neocomian and Gault boulders found in Denmark
Authors: Skeat Ethel G , Madsen Victor
Published: June 2021

The investigation of the fossil contents of these boulders was begun by us at Munich, during the winter of 1895-96, the material being kindly placed at our disposal by the General Direction of the Danish Geological Survey, by Professor N. V. Ussing, Director of the Mineralogical Museum of Copenhagen and by Lector C. F. Tuxen, Director of the Geological Collection of «Landbohøjskolen» in Copenhagen. Our work was greatly facilitated by the kindness and generosity of Professor v. Zittel, who not only allowed us free access to the magnificent paleontological collection of Munich for purposes of comparison, but also gave us the most valuable advice and assistance.
Studies in V egetational History in honour of Knud Jessen
Authors: Christensen B. Brorson , Firbas Franz , Godwin Harry , Ingwersen Peter , Bryan Margaret S , Mitchell G.F , Iversen Johs. , Krog Harald , Andersen Svend Th. , Brandt Inger , Jørgensen Svend , Andersen Alfred , Mikkelsen Valdemar M , Fægri Knut , Helbæk Hans , Nordhagen Rolf
Published: June 2021

Knud Jessen's name is inherently associated with the history of the flora of northern Europe; for more than a lifetime he has been at the forefront in this field of research. Where he began, in Denmark and in Ireland, others followed, inspired by his achievement, sustained by his vital initiative, and his kind assistance. In his footsteps research flourished, characterized by fruitful allround co-operation. This felicitous esprit de corps can be traced to Knud Jessens charming and downwright personality.Strict objectivity distinguishes Knud Jessen's entire scientific work, yet his daily work of research is borne by a spontaneous and infectious joy. Accordingly, we hope that the specific tribute expressed in this book, written by colleages, pupils, friends, will please him.Knud Jessen's sphere of activity is not limited to Denmark. He has investigated German bogs, worked with English and Norwegian finds, and from his hand derives the fundamental work on the vegetational history of Ireland. It was, therefore, natural to afford some of his friends from the countries mentioned an opportunity to partake in the tribute.The book has been published by the Geological Survey of Denmark as a greeting from his old institute to which he has given many fruitful years of work as the leader of the bog laboratory.
Ostracods from the Purbeck-Wealden Beds in Bornholm
Authors: Christensen Ole Bruun
Published: June 2021

An account of the Purbeck-Wealden beds in Bornholm and a brief summary of similar beds in the Scanian-Pomeranian area are given.Two faunas are described from the Jydegaard Formation. A Cypridea-fauna is correlated with Wealden 3 in Northwest Germany. It is followed by an ostracod-assemblage, known from Northwest Germany, indicating brackish-marine environments corresponding to Wealden 3 or 4 of the German subdivision. Two new ostracod species are described.Two other faunas have moreover been identified, a brackish one in the Rabekke Formation and a brackish-marine one in the inlier at Salene. The former contains elements suggesting a Middle Purbeck age.
Danske Diatoméjord-Aflejringer og deres Diatoméer
Authors: Hartz N , Østrup E
Published: June 2021

I Løbet af den sidste Snes Aar er et betydeligt Anntal interglaciale Ferskvandsdannelser med en anselig Flora og Fauna blevet bekendt, navnlig fra Nordtyskland. De paagældende Lag ere dels Diatomejord og Ferskvandskalk, dels Tørv og Dynd (Lebertorf, Gytje); de høre dels til 1ste, dels til 2den Interglacialtid. Nogle af de vigtigste nordtyske Lokaliteter besøgte jeg med Rejseunderstøttelse fra Kommissionen for Danmarks geologiske Undersøgelse i Efteraaret 1897, til Dels i Selskab med Dr. C. Weber, Bremen, som mere end nogen anden har gjort sig fortjent ved sine Arbejder paa dette Omraade.
Megaspores and Ostracods from the Rhaeto-Liassic Section in the Boring Rødby No. 1, Southern Denmark
Authors: Bertelsen Finn , Michelsen Olaf
Published: June 2021

Megaspores and ostracods from the Rhaeto-Liassic section of the boring Rødby No. 1 are studied.15 species of megas pores are described, of which two are new: Bacutriletes reticuliferus n. sp. and Horstisporires sp. (Type No. 5). Another one, Macrosporites cf. brasserti (Stach & Zerndt) is a derived carboniferous form. Two assemblage zones are defined, namely the T. pinguis Assemblage Zone(below, Rhaetic) and the N. hopliticus Assemblage Zone (above, Lower Lias).10 species of ostracods from the Lias section are described, of which two are new: Procyrheridea mediorericulata n. sp. and Stenestroemia ? roedbyensis n. sp., and five have open nomenclature. The ostracods from the Rhaetic are registered but not described. The O. aspinata Assemblage Zone (Lower Lias) is defined.The Rhacto-Liassic section is divided chronostratigraphically in Middle Rhaetic, Upper Rhaetic, Lower Hettangian, Upper Hettangian, and ? Lower Sinemurian.
A Lower Carboniferous microflora from the Ørslev No. 1 borehole, island of Falster, Denmark
Authors: Bertelsen Finn
Published: June 2021

A miospore assemblage composing 80 species is recorded from Lower Carboniferous strata in the Ørslev No. 1 borehole, island of Falster, Denmark. 45 spore types are referred to known species and 6 are proposed as new. The remaining forms are described with open nomenclature.The present knowledge of the Lower Carboniferous microfloras and their distribution within NW. Europe is briefly summarized. It is shown, that the Ørslev assemblage has a composition very close to that of the Lycospora pusilla (Pu) Zone assemblages from Scotland and northern England. Outside NW. Europe it shows affinities to spore assemblages described from eastern Canada and the south-west areas of the Soviet Union. The stratigraphical implications of these correlations are discussed. By means of indirect correlations the spore containing beds are referred to the Belgian Upper Tournaisian or Lower Viséan.
Oversigt over de af Danmarks geologiske Undersøgelse indtil Foraaret 1895 udførte Arbejder
Authors: Kommissionen for Danmarks geologiske Undersøgelse
Published: June 2021

Ved den aarlige Finanslovs anden Behandling i Marts Maaned 1887 i Folketinget spurgte et af Medlemmerne den daværende Indenrigsminister Ingerslev, om det ikke snart var paa Tiden, at Danmark i Lighed med de andre civiliserede Stater i Europa og Amerika lod foretage en grundig geologisk Undersøgelse af sin Jordbund. Repræsentanten for Helsingør, Direktøren for Landbohøjskolen, General Thomsen, udtalte sig gunstigt for Tanken, og Ministeren svarede imødekommende, at han vel ikke antog, at han med de Kræfter, som stode til Indenrigsministeriets Raadighed, vilde kunne overtage Løsningen af denne store Opgave, men at han skulde conferere med sin Kollega Kultusministeren og anbefale Sagen til hans Velvilje. Den daværende Kultusminister Scavenius modtog med Glæde den til ham rettede Opfordring og indledede Forhandlinger om Sagen med Universitetet, og ved Skrivelse af 11de Maj 1887 blev den daværende mineralogiske Professor Fr. Johnstrup af Konsistorium opfordret til at indlevere til det et motiveret Forslag om Iværksættelse af en geologisk Undersøgelse af Danmark. Men inden vi gaa over til en Omtale af dette Forslag, som blev Grundlaget for de i de følgende Aar udførte geologiske Arbejder her i Landet, vil det være nødvendigt til Vejledning for den almindelige Opfattelse at sige nogle Ord om Betydningen af et Lands geologiske Kortlægning.
Menneskets Indvandring til Norden
Authors: Nordmann V
Published: June 2021

Det forhistoriske Menneske har efterladt sig Vidnesbyrd om sin Tilværelse paa to Maader: dels gennem Levningerne af sit Skelet, dels gennem sine Redskaber. Forhistoriske Levninger af MenneskeSkeletter kendes med Sikkerhed kun fra Jordlag hørende til sidste, nuværende Jordperiode, Kvartærtiden; det samme gælder det langt overvejende Flertal af jordfundne Redskaber, men nogle Forskere mener dog ogsaa at have paavist saadanne i Lag, som tilhører den foregaaende Jordperiode, Tertiærtiden; det er de saakaldte Eolither, som skal omtales nærmere nedenfor.
Det danske Istidslandskabs Terrænformer og deres Opstaaen
Authors: Milthers V
Published: June 2021

Den Opgave at give en samlet Fremstilling af Danmarks Landskabsformer i Sammenhæng med disse Formers Opstaaen har først kunnet, tages op, efter at der som Grundlag forelaa omfattende Forarbejder. Arbejdet dermed har nu - fra forskellig Side - strakt sig over tresindstyve Aar, og fremtidige Undersøgelser vil utvivlsomt kunne fremdrage mange Forhold til yderligere Oplysning om den Del af vort Lands Historie, der er knyttet til dets Tilsynekomst ved Istidens Afslutning.
Geological aspects of the Danish North Sea sector. With a report on the wells Dansk Nordsø E-1, E-2, F-1, G-1, H-1, I-1, J-1 and K-1
Authors: Rasmussen Leif Banke
Published: June 2021

This paper presents lithological and chronostratigraphical descriptions of geological sections from the following eight Danish North Sea wells: Dansk Nordsø E-1, E-2, F-1, G-1, H-1, 1-1, J-1, and K-1, in which deposits of Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous, Tertiary and Quaternary age were found. The chronostratigraphy of the well sections is mainly a result of micropalaeontological examination of samples.The paper gives additional comments on the structural conditions of the Danish North Sea sector with reference to an outline map, and to a number of cross sections through the southern part of the Danish portion of the Central Graben. Some regional structures are given new names.
En Hydrocoralfauna fra Faxe og Bemærkninger om Danien'ets geologiske Stilling
Authors: Nielsen K. Brünnich
Published: June 2021

Hydrocorallerne er den eneste Familie blandt Hydroiderne, der danner en fast Kalkstok, Coenosteum, lignende den, der findes hos de fleste virkelige Koraller, Anthozoa, og er derfor den eneste Hydroidfamilie, der kan tænkes at forekomme rigeligere i tidligere Jordperioders Aflejringer. Det er derfor paafaldende, hvor lidt der kendes til fossile Former af denne Gruppe, og det er af Interesse at se, at der i Faxe Kalkbrud i Koralkalken findes en stor Rigdom af disse Dyr med mange Arter, hørende til forskellige Slægter. Mærkeligt er det, at disse Dyreformer slet ikke tidligere er blevne paaagtede, da de dog paa visse Steder i Kalkbruddet optræder i store Mængder og er meget vel bevarede. De findes kun i Koralkalken , kendes slet ikke fra Bryozokalken. Da Koralkalkens Forsteninger i de allerfleste Tilfælde er dækkede af en Calcitskorpe, som ikke kan fjernes, er det kun muligt at indsamle bestemmelige Exemplarer paa de Steder i Bruddet, hvor Slammet mellem de enkelte Dyrerester er blødt og let kan fjernes ved Slemning. Det bedst kendte af disse Steder (Fig. 1), der danner et fremspringende Parti omtrent midt i Bruddet, har i de senere Aar almindeligvis baaret Navnet "Ravns Næse", idet Docent J.P.J. Ravn var den første, der paaviste dette Steds ejendommelige Forsteninger, som udmærker sig ved, at man her finder Sneglenes Skaller bevarede, medens de alle andre Steder i Bruddet er opløste.
Et Elsdyrfund fra Taaderup paa Falster
Authors: Ødum Hilmar
Published: June 2021

Den 1ste Juli 1919 indløb der til Danmarks geologiske Undersøgelse en Meddelelse fra Førstelærer R.V.G. Nielsen, Falster, om, at der paa Gaardejer Peter Pilles Ejendom i Taaderup var kommet et Elsdyrskelet til Syne ved Tørvegravning. Arbejdet paa Stedet var blevet standset for det Tilfælde, at man maatte ønske en nøjere Undersøgelse, og den 3die Juli blev Forf. saa sendt derhen for at foretage Udgravningen paa DGUs Vegne.
Mellem-miocæne Blokke fra Esbjerg
Authors: Nørregaard E.M
Published: June 2021

I de senere Aar er der paa Stranden ved Maade Teglværk, et Par km Øst for Esbjerg, indsamlet en hel Del Tertiær-Blokke, hvis Fauna i flere Henseender afviger ikke saa lidt fra den øvrige danske Miocæn-Fauna. Arter, der er ukendte eller sjældne i de øvrige danske Tertiær-Aflejringer, optræder her i et stort Antal Individer, saaledes Pinna pectinata, Corbula gibba, Dentalium entale, Valvatina atlanta, Vaginella depressa samt Flabellum tuberculatum.
Ristinge Klint. Nogle nye Iagttagelser
Authors: Madsen Victor
Published: June 2021

Efter at Docent, Dr. Poul Harder havde været saa venlig at meddele mig, at visse Dele af Ristinge Klint paa Langeland nu stod betydelig renere end tidligere, foretog jeg sammen med Dr. phil. V. Nordmann i Juni 1915 paa ny en Undersøgelse af denne vigtige Lokalitet.
Die Cypraeacea des Daniums von Dänemark und Schonen
Authors: Schilder F.A
Published: June 2021

Aus dem altbekannten Kalksteinbruche von Faxe (Faxö, Fakse) im südöstlichen Sjælland beschrieb schon 1820 Schlotheim zwei Steinkerne von Cypraeacea, nämlich Cypraeatcites bullarius und C. spiratus; hierzu fügte 1902 Ravn eine dritte Art, Cypraea globuliformis, und ich selbst trennte 1927 Eocypraea danica von bullaria ab. Durch freundliches Entgegenkommen der Herren Museumsinspector J.P.J. Ravn und Prof. K.A. Grönwall wurde mir ermöglicht, im Februar 1928 das reiche Material an Cypraeacea in den Sammlungen des Universitetets Mineralogiske og Geologiske Museum in København (abgekürzt: Køb. Mus.) und der Universitets Geologisk-Mineralogiska Institution in Lund (abgekürzt: Lund Mus.) zu studieren.
Grundundersøgelser i Kolding
Authors: Brandorff J.O , Hansen Sigurd
Published: June 2021

Jordbundsforholdene i Kolding har fra min tidligste Ungdom interesseret mig; allerede som 13-14 Aars Dreng undrede jeg mig over, at jeg i vor Have - nu Jernbanegade omtrent ud for Boghandler Schæffer, Mtr. Nr. 365 d - uden Vanskelighed kunde stikke en 4 m lang Rundjernsstang ned i sin fulde Længde. Da jeg trak den op igen, var den sort og fedtet af Dynd, - (jfr. Nr. 55 og 57 i Afsnit III og paa Kortet) - hvad der viste, at her ikke var Jordlag, som jeg saa i Udgravninger andre Steder i Byen.
Pollenmorfologiske definitioner og typer
Authors: Iversen Johs. , Troels-Smith J
Published: June 2021

Da den pollenstatistiske forskning for en menneskealder siden tog sin begyndelse, var de principielle forhold vedrørende pollenexinens opbygning forlængst klarlagt gennem de klassiske arbejder af v. MOHL, FRITSCIIE og FISCHER. Pollenanalysen fremkaldte ikke nogen ny interesse for pollenmorfologiske spørgsmål. Den første opgave måtte blive at få et overblik over skovudviklingens vigtigste faser, og man kunne derfor nøjes med at tælle de vigtigste t ræslægters pollen, som - med visse undtagelser - er let genkendelige.
Vendsyssels Geologi
Authors: Jessen Axel
Published: June 2021

Den nordevropæisske Indlandsis, der dækkede Danmark og aflejrede sine Ler- og Sandmasser ovenpaa Kridt- og Tertiærtidens Jordlag, har givet Landskabet dets nuværende Præg; kun undtagelsesvis viser Terrainet en Afspejling af de ældre og dybere liggende Lags Overfladeformer. De under Kvartærtidens senere Afsnit virkende Kræfter, Vand og Luft, Bevægelser i Jordskorpen og Variationer i Havoverfladens Højde, har derefter givet Anledning til Forandringer af forskellig Art, Udgravning af Dale, Ophobning af Klitter samt Ændringer i Landets Kystomrids.I Vendsyssel kan der skelnes mellem tre Landskabstyper, der hver især staar i nøjeste Forbindelse med Jordlagenes Aflejringsmaade og geologiske Alder, nemlig 1) det bakkede Højland, der er dannet under den sidste Glacialtid som et direkte Resultat af Indlandsisens Virksomhed, 2) de højtliggende Plateauer, den gamle Havbund fra det arktiske Hav, der bredte sig over en Del af Vendsyssel, efterhaanden som Indlandsisen smeltede bort, og 3) det lavtliggende Sletteland, der ligeledes er hævet Havbund, men fra en senere, dog overvejende forhistorisk Tid (se de to Kort paa Tavle I og Tavle II).
Summary of The Geology of Denmark
Authors: Andersen Johs. , Bøggild O.B , Callisen Karen , Jessen Axel , Jessen Knud , Madsen Victor , Mertz Ellen Louise , Milthers V , Nordmann V , Ravn J.P.J , Ødum Hilmar
Published: June 2021

Between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea lie a peninsula and a number of islands which, from early times, have been the home of the Danes. On a globe these lands appear as a tiny patch, even if their situation is sharply defined and easily found, and in fact on a map of Europe their extent is only small, and yet, for more than a thousand years they have formed an independent state, Denmark.There are few countries to whom the sea has been of greater significance than it has been to this one, and few peoples have felt themselves more closely connected with the sea than the Danes. Whereas elsewhere the sea is more nearly a dividing factor, to Denmark it has been that which united the islands and the peninsula into one whole; it formed the high-roads round which the Danish realm grew up at the close of antiquity. It is the geological structure of this country that will be briefly sketched in this work.
Führer für die Exkursionen in Dänemark der Internationalen Geologen-Versammlung zu Kopenhagen 1928
Authors: Madsen Victor
Published: June 2021

Exkursion A: Bornholm. Exkursion B: Süd-Sjælland. Die Insel Möen. Exkursion C: Nordwest-Sjælland, Fyn, Langeland und Jylland. Exkursion D: Nordost-Sjælland.
Guide for the Excursions in Denmark of the International Meeting of Geologists in Copenhagen 1928
Authors: Madsen Victor
Published: June 2021

Excursion A: Bornholm. Excursion B: South Sjælland and the Island of Moen. Excursion C: Northwest Sjælland, Fyn, Langeland and Jylland. Excursion D: Northeast Sjælland.
Geology of Denmark III: The Development of Denmark's Nature since the Last Glacial
Authors: Iversen Johs.
Published: June 2021

The history of nature since the Ice Age has occupied Scandinavian researchers for more than a century: it is probably no exaggeration to say that Scandinavia during the whole of this period has been a centre for such research. The most important techniques were developed here, and the crucial ideas were formulated and made the subject of lively, even violent debate, all whilst a great number of observations was being accumulated. The peat bogs with their abundant remains, the plant growth of previous ages, animal life, and human activity, were an especially prized object of study. The ability of peat to preserve organic material makes peat bogs a valuable archive in which everything is stored in chronological order, the oldest at the bottom and the youngest at the top.
Interpretation of shallow seismic profiles over the continental shelf in West Greenland between latitudes 64° and 69°30'N
Authors: Zarudzki E.F.K
Published: June 2021

The work included the study of parts of the data obtained during the survey cruise WESTMAR 78, described in a preliminary report (Brett & Zarudzki, 1979). The data consist of 10 741 km seismic reflection profiles obtained with sparker, sub-bottom, airgun and boomer systems; 8474 km of bathymetric profiles, 3894 km of sidescan sonar profiles and 8545 km of magnetic profiles. The study objectives in the area and its subdivision were established at an early stage.
Lamprophyric and kimberlitic dykes associated with the Sarfartôq carbonatite complex, southern West Greenland
Authors: Larsen L.M
Published: June 2021

Lamprophyric and kimberiitic dykes are known to be widely distributed in the Holsteinsborg - Søndre Strømfjord area. Escher & Watterson (1973) published a map showing dyke concentrations in two areas, the coastal region between Holsteinsborg and Itivdleq, and an inland area between Søndre Strømfjord and Sukkertoppen Iskappe. In the latter area the 90 km2 Sarfartôq carbonatite complex was discovered in 1975 (Secher & Larsen, 1978, and in press). During the 1979 field season in this area, numerous lamprophyric and kimberiitic dykes were found. Most af them are associaled with !he Sarfartôq carbanatile complex, and occur as extensive cone sheets centred an the carbonatite, dipping 30-50° towards the centre.
Project NAD – Part 2: a marine geophysical project offshore East Greenland
Authors: Risum J.B
Published: June 2021

On 24th May 1979 the Council of the European Communities adopted its regulation No 1038/79 on Community support for a hydrocarbon exploration project in Greenland - Project NAD. This project is an integrated aeromagnetic and marine geophysical project off the east coast of Greenland. Part 1 is the aeromagnetic programme - Project EASTMAR Larsen & Thorning, this report); part 2 is the marine geophysical programme. The aim of this project is to map the continental margin of East Greenland, using high sensitivity aeromagnetic surveys and multichannel seismic refiection and marine gravity surveys, and to prepare a preliminary petroleum geological assessment of the region.
Observations on Upper Permian sediments in southern Scoresby Land, East Greenland
Authors: Stemmerik L
Published: June 2021

Investigation of the Upper Permian sediments in Bast Greenland initiated in 1978 (Stemmerik, 1979) was continued during the field season 1979. The investigations were centred around Revdal and Schuchert Dal, but Oksedal, Depotø and Gauss Halvø were visited as well (fig. 36).
Early Cambrian Salterella from North-West Greenland
Authors: Yochelson E.L , Peel J.S
Published: June 2021

The small, cone-like Salterella expansa Poulsen, 1927, from the Early Cambrian Wulff River Formation is redescribed and considered to be a junior synonym of S. rugosa BilIings, 1861. Both the original material and new collections from Inglefield Land, North-West Greenland, are ilIustrated.
Yochelcionellids from the Early and Late Cambrian of North Greenland
Authors: Peel J.S
Published: June 2021

Yochelcionellids are small, slightly coiled, cap-shaped problematic molluscs characterised by a prominent tube, the snorkel, which emerges from the shell wall below the apex. They were originally described from the Middle Cambrian of Australia (Runnegar & Pojeta, 1974; Runnegar & Jell, 1976, 1980) and were assigned to the Class Monoplacophora, together with the often similarly coiled, but snorkel-lacking, helcionellids. Yochelcionella has subsequently been described from the Early Cambrian of Pennsylvania, U.S.A., by Runnegar & Pojeta (1980).
Field relations in the roof zone of the Ilímaussaq intrusion with special reference to the position of the alkali acid rocks
Authors: Steenfelt A
Published: June 2021

Most of the literature on the Ilimaussaq intrusion concerns various mineralogical, petrologicai, and geochemical aspects of the agpaitic suite of rocks. Less attention has been paid to the rocks of the roof zone, the granite and early syenites, which constitute a much smaller volume and which in many places have been affected by heavy alteration and weathering so as to obscure their interrelations.
Comparative note on the Precambrian basement of southern Inglefield Land and eastern Ellesmere Island
Authors: Frisch T
Published: June 2021

A one-week visit to southem Inglefield Land, by the GGU motor cutter K. J. V. Steenstrup in conjunction with P. R. Dawes's geological studies in North-West Greenland, provided an opportunity to examine the Precambrian crystalline basement between Sunrise Pynt and Kap Alexander (fig. 4). The basement exposures face those on eastem Ellesmere Island, no more than 70 km away across Smith Sound, which were mapped by the writer in 1977 for the Geological Survey of Canada (Frisch et al., 1978). This note briefly compares the two areas.
Coal in West Greenland
Authors: Shekhar S.C , Frandsen N , Thomsen E
Published: June 2021

The 1980 summer field season for the 'Coal Project' (Frandsen & Shekhar, 1980) began about the first week of April. Longyear Canada Inc. carried out the drilling on Nûgssuaq, and Greenex A/S were the management eonsultants. Eighteen profiles were measured in the Ata-Pautut region and another profile was measured in the Kingigtoq area. Eight slit samples of selected coal seams were taken for analysis.
Thorium-uranium mineralisation in the vicinity of the Igdlerfigssalik centre of the Igaliko Complex, South Greenland
Authors: Steenfelt A , Tukiainen T
Published: June 2021

The existence of radioactive rocks in the area south of the Igdlerfigssalik centre of the Igaliko nepheline syenite complex has been known since 1962 (S. Andersen, personal communication). Reconnaissance radiometric investigations on the ground and from a helicopter in 1979 and 1980 revealed a large number of occurrences of radioactive mineralisation. The characteristics of the mineralisation are briefly described.
Status of the West Greenland Glacier Inventory 1980
Authors: Weidick A
Published: June 2021

A first attempt at a regional assessment of water resources in West Greenland was made by Weidick & Olesen (1978, 1980) with compilation of a basin inventory. It comprises an identification and coding system together with basic physiographic parameters and estimates of water balance elements for a total of 870 basins lying between the west coast and the Inland Ice and extending up to latitude 71°N. A rough assessment of the total water balance of West Greenland (484000 km2) was made whereby 157 km3 of water are retained on the Inland Ice out of a total annual precipitation of 217 km3 , while the net ablation of the Inland Ice contributes about 60 km3 to the annual runoff and 97 km3 are lost due to calving.
Stream mosses as a possible tool on geochemical prospecting in eastern North Greenland
Authors: Mølgaard P , Håkansson E
Published: June 2021

As an extension of the geochemistry programme in eastern North Greenland (Ghisler & Stendal, 1980; Steenfelt, 1980), a systematic collection of stream mosses was carried out in 1980. This report presents some preliminary results on metal distribution with a discussion of the employed extraction method.
Preliminary Bouguer anomalies of North-East Greenland
Authors: Forsberg R
Published: June 2021

The geodetic survey of northern and north-eastern Greenland, executed by the Geodetic Institute, Copenhagen, was completed during the summer of 1980, when ground control for use in the photogrammetric mapping was established in the area from Kronprins Christian Land in the north to Bessels Fjord at 76°N on the east coast. As an integrated part of the survey operations, the establishment of the regional gravity network in northern Greenland, initiated in 1978 (Forsberg, 1979; Weng, 1980), was continued using two La Coste & Romberg gravimeters. The heights of the gravity stations were determined using Doppler satellite positioning, triangulation or precise barometric leveIling.
Conodonts from the Ordovician of East Greenland
Authors: Smith M.P
Published: June 2021

The Cambro-Ordovician of East Greenland outcrops in a narrow belt between Canning Land (71°36') and C. H. Ostenfeld Nunatak (72°22'N). The uppermost three units, namely the Cape Weber, Narwhale Sound and Heim Bjerge Formations of the 4000 m thick sequence, have been sampled for conodonts.
Reconnaissance study of uranium and fluorine contents of stream and lake waters, West Greenland
Authors: Steenfelt A , Dam E
Published: June 2021

The present study forms part of a current investigation on the applicability of geochemical methods in mineral exploration in Greenland. The sampling programme of 1981 comprised three parts: (1) A helicopter supported, low density, regional sampling (1 sample/3D km2 ) of stream water and stream sediment in the area covered by map sheet 66 V.2, south-east of Søndre Strømfjord. A total of 207 water samples was obtained. (2) Detailed sampling within a 20 km2 area of lake and stream water (71 samples) from a camp at 66°49'N, 25°37'W, 25 km south-west of Søndre Strømfjord. (3) Reconnaissance sampling, by boat, along the southern part of the west coast of Greenland. The aim of this reconnaissance was to obtain information on the character of the drainage systems and on the availability of sample media (water, stream sediment, aquatic moss) for geochemical exploration. A total of 195 water samples was collected. In addition, rust zones and areas of known mineralisation along the coast were sampled. The present report deals with a study of the water samples only. The following topics will be treated: (1) The variation in pH, conductivity, F and U contents. (2) The effect of filtering and acidifying stream water samples on the results of the measurements. In addition, the logistic conditions for low density sampling of drainage systems will be shortly discussed.
Further work on the early Archaean rocks of the Isukasia area, southern West Greenland
Authors: Nutman A.P
Published: June 2021

Work in 1981 on the early Archaean rocks of the Isukasia area (Ailaart, 1976) was an integral part of GGU's mapping programme of northern Godthåbsfjord, Fiskefjord and adjacent areas to the north-east. Within the Isukasia area, there was dose co-operation with Minik Rosing who was making detailed studies of certain aspects of the Isua supracrustal belt. The object of this summer's field work was to complete the study of the supracrustal belt and the central gneisses that was started last year (Nutman et al., in press), and to see as much as possibIe of the gneisses between the supracrustal belt and 65°N (fig. 18). For the mapping of the supracrustal belt, manuscript maps drawn by J. H. Allaart were an invaluable starting point. Besides regional mapping, detailed studies were made of the nature of the lithological units and the relationships between them; see Table 4 for chronology. Suites of rocks were collected for isotopic and geochemical studies. In connection with this, H. Baadsgaard spent 10 days working with the author in the area, as a guest of GGu. The results reported here supplement those given by Nutman et al. (in press).
U-Pb isotope systematics on minerals from the gneiss complex at Isukasia, West Greenland
Authors: Baadsgaard H
Published: June 2021

207Pb/204Pb vs. 206Pb/204Pb results from sphenes from Isua gneisses show a scatter of data points between two isochrons, one at 3560 Ma and the other at 2520 Ma. Similar Pb-Pb plots on apatites from Isua show many data points which are doser to the 3560 Ma reference isochron than Pb-Pb apatite data points from Amîtsoq gneisses and Nûk gneisses in the Godthåbsfjord area. Pb from the Isua gneiss apatite and sphene is more radiogenic than that from Amîtsoq gneisses. In concordia plots of zircons all but one of the Isua data points plot to the right of the Amîtsoq zircon discordia line. Assuming a diffusion Pb loss, the 'oldest' Isua gneiss zircon is about 3700 Ma. U-Pb values for sphenes from the Isua gneisses show discordancy which could be the result of partial or local metamorphic effects between 1500 and 2800 Ma. Comparable values from sphenes from Amîtsoq and Nuk gneisses duster fairly dosely to concordant results about 2500 Ma.
Green micas in the Archaean Isua and Malene supracrustal rocks, southern West Greenland, and the occurrence of a barian-chromian muscovite
Authors: Dymek R.F , Boak J.L , Kerr M.T
Published: June 2021

Chemical analyses of green micas from the Archaean Isua and Malene supracrustal rocks of southern West Greenland reveal an exceedingly large compositional range from nearly pure muscovite to types with up to - 17 wt % Cr2O3 and - 8 wt % BaO. Large variations in the concentrations of MgO and FeOT (up to - 3 wt % each), TiO2 (up to - 2 wt %) and Na2O (up to - 1 wt %) were also noted. These Ba- and Cr-rich micas are unlike previously reported analyses of 'fuchsite', and may constitute a new species of mica, the confirmation of which awaits additional mineral-chemical and crystallographic study. Ba-substitution on the mica interlayer- or A-site occurs continuously up to ~ 0.22 cations/formula (11 oxygen normalization), whereas Cr-substitution on the octahedral sites occurs continuously up to ~ 0.45 cations/formula, followed by a compositional hiatus to types with ~ 0.90 cations/formula. This hiatus may indicate a miscibility gap in the Cr-Al series. Ba-substitution [BaAAlIV = KaSiIV] is approximately balanced by Mg- and Fe-substitution [(Mg, Fe)VISiIV = AlVIAlIV] so that the tetrahedral site is ≈ Si3Al. Whether this lack of Al-enrichment is a crystal-chemical effect or represents bulk composition control is unclear. The Ba- and Cr-enrichment in these micas is a distinct geochemical anomaly, the origin of which is problematic. The Ba and Cr may have evolved from detrital chromite and sedimentary barite components in the sedimentary protolith, or be related to secondary processes such as deposition from circulating hydrothermal fluids.
Margarite pseudomorphs after corundum, Qôrqut area, Godthåbsfjord, West Greenland
Authors: Dymek R.F
Published: June 2021

Margarite (end member CaAI2Si2AI2O1O) is reported as nodular aggregates of fine-grained material partly replacing corundum and as fine dispersed material replacing biotite in an inclusion of migmatitic plagioclase-rich gneiss within the Qôrqut granite. Muscovite replaces biotite in the same sample. A retrograde reaction in the presence of volatiles is suggested in which biotite + plagioclase + corundum go to an assemblage containing margarite + muscovite + epidote. Cell parameters and chemical data are presented. A maximum temperature for the reaction of - 5800 at 5 Kb is suggested.
A soil sampling programme near a sulphide mineralised norite body, Sitdlisigssanguit nun¿t, Sukkertoppen district, central West Greenland
Authors: Jensen V , Secher K
Published: June 2021

A detailed geochemical soil sampling programme was carried out during the field season of 1982 on a known sulphide mineralisation. The aim of the programme is to evaluate soil sampling as a prospecting tool in arctic environments. Previous work by Kunzendorf & Sørensen (1982) on the soil of the nearby Qaqarssuk carbonatite complex has shown promising results for selected elements. The programme also included the collection of rock samples from areas without soil cover. Bedrock is exposed over 5 per cent of the sampling area. The survey was carried out as a part of GGU's resource evaluation programme in West Greenland (Secher, this report). It also forms part of the current investigation of geochemical methods in mineral exploration in Greenland. A total of 1059 soil samples were collected from two areas, both representing soil-covered contacts between bedrock gneiss and Cu-Nisulphide mineralised norite. In addition a total of 112 rock samples were collected. All samples collected during the programme will be analysed for relevant trace elements. The sampled areas are situated about 65 km east of Sukkertoppen, central West Greenland, near the locality Sitdlisigssanguit nunat. The sulphide occurrence was found by the Kryolitselskabet Øresund, who named the locality 'Fossilik'. The two soil sampling areas were covered with regular grids, constructed with the use of a theodolite and with a point density of 25 m. Areas 1 and 2 are 450 x 225 m and 112.5 x 87.5 m, respectively. In Area 1 the slope varies; there are small ridges and hollows; and the altitude varies from 533 m to 593 m. Area 2 is situated on a slope dipping 200 -30° to the south-east, with the altitude varying from 530 m to 572 m.
Mineralisations in the Malene supracrustals in the Godthåb area, West Greenland
Authors: Appel P.W.U
Published: June 2021

The geology of the Godthåb area, West Greenland, has been studied for several decades, mainly by the Geological Survey of Greenland (GGU), but also by groups from British and other Universities. This work has resulted in a detailed understanding of most of the major rock forming events which have affected the area. However, one important aspect af the geology has been largely negleeted in the previous work, that is the metal!ogeny of the rock units in the area. Mining companies have undertaken only scattered work in the area, e.g. on the molybdenite mineralisation in Narssaq, south of Godthåb. It was therefore decided to launch a reconnaissance study of the mineralisations of one of the major rock units, the Malene supracrustals. Rather detailed work was carried out on Qilángarssuit, Sagdlerssua and Simiutat, while Narssaq, Angissunguaq and Mitsimavissuaq were visited for a short period only.
Mass balance measurements on glaciers in South Greenland
Authors: Clement P
Published: June 2021

During the 1982 field season mass balance measurements were carried out on three glaciers in South Greenland, Nordbogletscher and ValhaItindegletscher in the Johan Dahl Land area 25 km north of Narssarssuaq, and Narssaq Bræ 10 km north-west ofNarssaq. The investigations are part of the GGU programme for regional mapping of the hydropower potential and also include observations on glacier dynamics, ice-dammed lakes and climateablation relationships.
The Kap København Formation, a late Cainozoic sedimentary sequence in North Greenland
Authors: Funder S , Bennike E , Mogensen G.S , Noe-Nygaard B , Pedersen S.A.S , Petersen K.S
Published: June 2021

The Kap København sequence is a c. 300 km2 deposit of unconsolidated sand, silt and clay, more than 100 m thick, on the shores of Independence Fjord, lat. 82°30'N, in eastern Peary Land (fig. 3). The sediments contain abundant well preserved plant and animal remains, probably Pliocene or Pleistocene. The occurrence was first discovered in 1979 by Funder & Hjort (1980). Later, analyses of organic remains gave interesting results (Fredskild & Røen, 1982; Mogensen, in press), and in 1983 the sediments were the object of a detailed study during a combined geological and biological expedition to the area. This report presents the first results from this expedition, and formally names the sediments the Kap København Formation. The sediments of the Kap København Formation form a characteristic landscape of e10ngated hills with altitudes up to 230 m above sea level. The hills are the eroded remnants of a once continuous deposit that extended from Vitskøl Elv in the west and beyond Mudderbugt in the east, where it disappears below younger glacial deposits. To the north the sediments terminate abruptly on the south bank of Ladegårdsåen, while in the south they are eroded and disappear under glacial and Holocene marine sediments along the coast (fig. 4).
Greenland ice cap aeromagnetic survey 1983: acquisition of high sensitivity total field and gradient magnetic data
Authors: Thorning L , Bower M , Hardwick C.D , Hood P.J
Published: June 2021

A new high sensitivity aeromagnetic survey covering approximately 145 000 km2 of the lnland Ice (fig. 14) has been carried out during two periods of field operations in AprilIMay and September 1983. It is the first time a systematic, high sensitivity aeromagnetic coverage over the Greenland lnland Ice has been achieved. This note briefly reports on the background of the project, the fieId operations, and the preliminary results. Previous aeromagnetic surveys of ice-free regions of central and southern West Greenland (Thorning, 1976, 1977, and in prep.) have shown that many major geological boundaries are clearly reflected in the aeromagnetie data acquired over these regions. Geological field work in south-east Greenland has revealed the existence of similar geological boundaries, but their assumed position under the lnland lce has so far been guesswork. The aeromagnetic survey reported here is intended to provide real information on regional struetures under the lnland lce between the two coastal areas.
Field work between Fiskefjord and Godthåbsfjord, southern West Greenland
Authors: Garde A.A
Published: June 2021

The 1980-1981 field work in Precambrian basement rocks for the Fiskefjord map sheet was continued in 1983. V. R. McGregor mapped granulite facies gneisses south of outer Fiskefjord in the south-western part of the map sheet area. The author worked inland between Godthåbsfjord and Fiskefjord from the eastern map sheet boundary at 50°54'E westwards to 51°45'E (fig. 22) and some notes concerning the lithologies, geometry and geochronology of this area are presented below. The GGU cutter K. J. V. Steenstrup and a Jet Ranger helicopter on weekly charter from Godthåb provided logistic support for the two Fiskefjord teams and for four teams mapping in the Ivisårtoq area (see Brewer et al., this report) as well as for the GGU glaciological station at Qamanârssûp serrnia.
Further field observations in the Ivisârtoq region of southern West Greenland
Authors: Brewer M , Chadwick B , Coe K , Park J.F.W
Published: June 2021

Mapping by the Exeter team was begun in 1981 and in three field seasons six geologists have been engaged for a total of 14 man/seasons. This is a sad comparison with the Buksefjorden project which, though covering a comparable area, benefitted from an investment of 24 man/seasons spread over six field seasons. Geologists mapping the Ivisârtoq area had the benefit of earlier reconnaissance maps and reports, but it is felt very strongly that the complexity of the ground and the degree of outcrop on the one hand, and the enormous significance of a proper interpretation on the other, justify a more intensive investigation. Mapping af the Ivisårtoq sheet was scheduled for completion in 1983 but inclement weather meant that some small parts of the area were not mapped. However, sampling programmes for certain specific problems were satisfactorily concluded. To keep this report as short as possible, it concentrates mainly on new and significant observations and interpretations made in the 1983 field season, so that some important aspects of the geology of the area are not mentioned here.
Oil geological studies in the Jameson Land basin, East Greenland
Authors: Surlyk F , Hurst J.M , Marcussen C , Piasecki S , Rolle F , Scholle P.A , Stemmerik L , Thomsen E
Published: June 2021

An oil geological project was started in Jameson Land in 1982 (Surlyk, 1983; Surlyk et al., in press). The field work part of the project was completed in 1983. A major source rock programme, focusing on the evaluation of potential onshore and offshore source rocks, is central to the project.
Silurian palynomorphs from the Chester Bjerg Formation, Hall Land, western North Greenland
Authors: Armstrong H.A , Dorning K.J
Published: June 2021

Silurian palynomorphs from a single sample from the Chester Bjerg Formation, near Halls Grav, Hall Land, western North Greenland are of Wenlock or possibly early Ludlow age. Graptolites from the same sequence indicate a Pridoli (latest Silurian) age. The strata in question are the youngest known pre-Innuitian orogeny deposits in North Greenland. Possibie reworking of the palynomorphs in the turbidite sequence is discussed.
The plutonic igneous and high-grade metamorphic rocks of southern Liverpool Land, central East Greenland, part of a supposed Caledonian and Precambrian complex
Authors: Cheeney R.F
Published: June 2021

Layered metamorphic formations in southern Liverpool Land are disposed in dome-shaped structures with inclinations everywhere gentie. Meta-igneous and meta-sedimentary rock types are represented as well as formations of less clear affinities. Rocks of eclogitic character comprise part of one of the formations which, together with others of the layered succession, passes laterally into a less-deformed complex containing discordant contact relations of plutonic igneous type. The Hurry Inlet granite is a posttectonic, post-metamorphic formation cropping out in the extreme north-west of the area. The earliest detectable events indicate emplacement of granodiorite into sedimentary or metasedimentary formations. Subsequently, these rocks of igneous and sedimentary origin were raised to upper amphibolite or granulite facies with some deformation leading to the prominent layering and including, perhaps, their juxtaposition with eclogitic rocks originating at great depth. Retrogression to 'normal' amphibolite facies followed, with widespread development of hydrous minerals, pegmatites, etc. The position of limited cataclasis with respect to this later stage of metamorphism is not abundantly clear. Emplacement of the Hurry Inlet granite entirely post-dates all of these events.