bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Salinity’s Shadow: Sustainable Modular Resilience for the Munda Community, Satkhira
Authors: Paul Shajib , Syeda Tahmina Tasnim , Roy Anushila , Matin Faria , Muntaha Sidratul , Ibrahim Isnat , Mahmud Pavel
Published: March 2024

Bangladesh is gifted with abundant natural beauty, with rivers, woods, seas, plains, hills, haors, and canals. However, due to its tropical climate, it is prone to several natural calamities, including excessive salinity in coastal areas. Sundarban is one of these coastal areas where reside the Munda community which is one of the 33 ethnic groups of Bangladesh. Originating from India, Mundas are variously dependent on the Sundarbans for both livelihood and religious aspect and consider the Sundarbans as their mother nature. But poverty and calamities limit their participation in social activities and access to necessities like food, education, and healthcare. This paper aimed to evaluate the difficulties the Munda community faces due to salinity and create a modular structural system that was sympathetic to local culture and more cost-effective local resources that would be more resilient to natural disasters. This paper studied the lifestyle and livelihood of the affected munda community of Burigoalini, Satkhira. This paper finds the available construction materials' quality and resilience in connection to saline impacts and local housing characteristics and also focuses on the historical, cultural, and existential aspects of an ethnic group that is facing the risk of extinction.
New Drug Design to Suppress Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
Authors: Agar Soykan , Akkurt Barbaros , Ulukaya Engin
Published: March 2024

A de novo designed biomolecule called INASHD was utilized through computer-aided drug design techniques to specifically target β2-spectrin, effectively suppressing and preventing NASH disease. Advanced computational software tools concerning the technologies of molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD), were employed to showcase the drug's remarkable ability to efficiently suppress and control the α-helical topology of β2-spectrin. This protein is a vital component within the disease pathway. We successfully devised an effective design suppressing β2-spectrin, exhibiting an inhibition score surpassing any other molecule documented in scientific literature. With robust support from validated computational software, this bioorganic structure holds significant value and can be applied for a patent due to its innovative design. It shows promising potential for delivering positive outcomes in various stages, including in vitro, in vivo, ex vivo, and human phase studies.
A FORDÍTÓK SZAKMAI ETIKÁJÁNAK KIHÍVÁSAI
Authors: IMRE Attila
Published: March 2024

Az online világban a fordítás iparággá nőtte ki magát, amelyben a fordítók etikai kódexe segítséget nyújthat a professzionális fordítóknak hivatásuk minőségi gyakorlására. Mindazonáltal komoly kihívásokkal is szembe kell nézni, hiszen az etikai kódex nem lehet kötelező erejű, és be nem tartása sem jár komoly jogi következményekkel. Tanulmányunkban kitérünk a fordítói magatartást befolyásoló tényezőkre (szöveg, ügyfél, társak és személyiség), majd néhány következtetést fogalmazunk meg.
Peran Guru dalam Menstimulasi Kemampuan Kognitif Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Firman Walni , Anhusadar Laode
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran guru dalam menstimulasi kemampuan kognitif anak di TK Mutmainnah Desa Batu Sempe Indah Kabupaten Bombana. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Informan dalam penelitian ini yaitu 2 orang guru, 1 orang kepala sekolah dan 10 orang anak. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, sedangkan teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran guru terhadap kemampuan kognitif anak di TK Mutmainnah Kabupaten Bombana: 1) Peran Guru dalam menstimulasi Kemampuan Kognitif Anak Di TK Mutmainnah Desa Batu Sempe Indah Kabupaten Bombana menunjukkan bahwa guru berperan penting dalam menstimulasi kemampuan kognitif anak dapat dilihat melalui hasil observasi yang telah peneliti lakukan. Guru berperan sebagai pendidik dalam mendidik anak untuk bertanggung jawab, guru juga berperan sebagai pengajar yang menggunakan strategi, media, perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan penilaian dalam pembelajaran serta guru berperan sebagai pembimbing dalam membantu mengatasi masalah anak dalam pembelajaran dan guru berperan sebagai pelatih dalam melatih kemampuan kognitif  anak dengan baik. 2) Kemampuan Kognitif Anak di TK Mutmainnah Desa Batu Sempe Indah Kabupaten Bombana masih belum berkembang dengan baik hal ini dapat dilihat dari 10 orang anak yang menjadi sumber data peneliti 6 orang anak yang belum bisa dalam mengenal warna, membedakan bentuk besar dan kecil, menyebut huruf dan angka serta tidak mengingat instruksi dari guru dan 4 orang anak yang kemampuan kognitifnya berkembang dengan baik dalam hal mengenal warna, membedakan dan menyebut serta mengingat instruksi dari guru.
Analisis Tipe Kepribadian Introvert dan Ekstrovert pada Pembelajaran Interaktif Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Silda Al Farikhma Zuana Rachilda , Sa`ida Naili , Budiman Agus
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini mengangkat berdasarkan pengamatan yaitu pembelajaran interaktif di kelompok B, peneliti berharap dapat mengamati perbedaan sekaligus menganalisa antara tipe kepribadian introvert dan ekstrovert di sekolah tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan di TK Khazanah Mojo di Kecamatan Gubeng Kota Surabaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dan desain penelitian studi kasus. menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi untuk mengumpulkan data. Setelah pengumpulan data, model interaktif Miles dan Huberman digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Dari hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa tipe kepribadian introvert dan ekstrovert ada pada anak usia dini. Perkembangan emosi anak usia 2,5 hingga 6,5 ​​tahun dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi tipe kepribadian ekstrovert dan introvert. Perkembangan ini mencakup sifat-sifat seperti kemandirian, kepatuhan, ketenangan, kepercayaan diri, semangat, dan konsisten.
Pemberdayaan Media Youtube “Nussa Official” Sebagai Sarana Pengembangan Nilai Moral Dan Agama Pada Anak
Authors: Aziz Thorik
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini membahas tentang Pemberdayaan Media Youtube “Nussa Official” Sebagai Sarana Pengembangan Nilai Moral Dan Agama Pada Anak. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini analisis isi kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian lapangan (field research) yang berfungsi untuk mengetahui gambaran isi, karakteristik pesan, dan mengambil kesimpulan dari beberapa konten video Yotube Nussa Official yang memiliki pesan nilai moral dan agama pada anak. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat implikasi dari pemberdayaan media yotube Nussa Official dalam mengembangkan nilai moral dan agama pada anak. Diantaranya adalah dapat menjadikan anak terbiasa bersalaman dengan orang lain, mengajarkan sikap kejujuran dan fungsinya, membiasakan anak dalam berdoa sebelum melakukan kegiatan, mengajarkan anak agar tidak bersikap riya’, mengajarkan anak agar peka terhadap hubungan sosial, mengajarkan anak dalam berhubungan dengan orang yang bukan muhrimnya, mengajarkan anak agar saling menghargai, dan membiasakan anak berperilaku baik dalam keadaan apapun.
Kontribusi Teori Pengondisian Klasik Terhadap Pengenalan Makharijul Huruf Hijaiyah Pada Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Wartini Atik , Nurjannah
Published: March 2024

The Classical conditioning theory discovered by Petrovich Ivan Pavlov made an extraordinary contribution to the realm of early childhood education. This theory was discovered accidentally by Pavlov while conducting experiments to determine the digestive system of dogs. This theory is known for conditioned reflexes. This theory views that learning is a change in behavior. Classical conditioning theory is usually used in early childhood education, such as changes in behavior, attitudes, ethics and habits. Furthermore, this study will see how the contribution of classical conditioning theory to the introduction of hijaiyah letters in makharijul in children aged five to six years. The objects in this study were girls ages 5-6 years whose speech was unclear. Furthermore, this research will look at the contribution of classical conditioning theory to the introduction of makharijul hijaiyah letters. This research is a type of qualitative research in the from of research (field research), with a phenomenological approach using Creswell model. The results obtained, in children aged five to six years with cedal indications, that classical conditioning theory can contribute, children can recognize and pronounce hijaiyah letters correctly.
Pembelajaran Musik dengan Menggunakan Metode Penokohan Pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Sagala Mastri Dihita , Zakarias Aria Widyatama Putra
Published: March 2024

Pembelajaran seni menjadi sangat penting dikenalkan sejak dini karena mampu menggali potensi pada diri anak, sehingga  perlu metode yang tepat untuk mengajarkannya. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengungkapkan pembelajaran musik yang  menggunakan metode penokohan pada anak usia dini di Favore Music School. Pada penerapan metode tersebut, anak tidak  hanya menyimak dan mendengarkan cerita melainkan juga mengambil bagiannya dalam memerankan karakter seorang  tokoh. Metode tersebut terdapat pada kelas Little Musician yang terdiri dari empat orang anak usia 3- 4 tahun (balita).  Penelitian ini tergolong pada penelitian kualitatif dengan mendeskripsikan hasil temuan yang penting untuk dikumpulkan,  diorginisir, disusun dan disimpulkan secara jelas. Untuk memperoleh temuan tersebut, dilakukan teknik pengumpulan  melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan studi literasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah metode penokohan yang digunakan pada materi musik di Kelas Little Musician dapat meningkatkan kemampuan musikal pada anak usia dini. Tidak hanya  keterampilan mengidentifikasi bunyi dan memainkan alat musik, metode ini mampu melatih kepercayaan diri pada anak  ketika melakukan peran yang diminta guru. Di samping itu juga, anak menjadi lebih aktif dan bersosialisasi dengan teman-teman sekelas karena aktivitas bermain peran mengharuskan anak berinteraksi dengan lingkungannya.
Nilai Karakter dalam Cerpen “Juara Kejujuran Jilid 2” Bagi Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Ahmad Marzuki  , Zainal Abidin
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan relevansi nilai-nilai pendidikan yang terdapat dalam kumpulan cerita pendek "Juara Kejujuran Jilid 2" dalam pembentukan karakter anak usia dini. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, karena dalam penelitian ini hanya untuk menggambarkan dan menganalisis nilai-nilai karakter yang terdapat dalam cerita anak-anak "Juara Kejujuran" yang dibuat oleh peserta anti-corruption teacher supercamp 2016. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui baca dan tulis ,dengan langkah-langkah tertentu: (1) Teliti membaca setiap cerita pendek dari koleksi "Juara Kejujuran", (2) Mengidentifikasi nilai-nilai karakter seperti sikap membantu tanpa pamri, mau mengakui kesalahan, ketekunan, dan kesadaran menjaga lingkungan dalam cerita-cerita tersebut, (3) Mengklasifikasikan data nilai-nilai karakter yang teridentifikasi, dan (4) Memastikan keabsahan data melalui observasi yang teliti dan referensi yang memadai. Hasil penelitian akan difokuskan pada empat nilai pendidikan karakter yaitu membantu tanpa pamri, mau mengakui kesalahan, ketekunan, dan kesadaran menjaga lingkungan. Setelah dilakukan analisis terhadap empat nilai tersebut peneliti menarik kesimpulan bahwa nilai-nilai tersebut penting untuk diajarkan sejak usia dini dan sangat relevan dalam pendidikan anak. Oleh karena itu, partisipasi aktif dari pendidik dan orang tua sangat diperlukan dalam membentuk karakter anak sesuai dengan nilai-nilai tersebut.
Implementasi Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila melalui Project Based Learning untuk Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Asya Ainul Fitri  , Lilif Muallifatul Khorida Filasofa  , Agus Sutiyono
Published: March 2024

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai efektivitas penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila melalui pembelajaran berbasis proyek pada pendidikan anak usia dini. Profil Pelajar Pancasila yang merupakan bagian integral dari kurikulum merdeka memainkan peran sentral dalam membentuk karakter lulusan dengan membudayakan kualitas seperti iman, takwa, akhlakul karimah, kemandirian, kerjasama dan kolaborasi, kesadaran global, kreativitas, dan penalaran kritis. Waktu penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 4 September hingga 3 Oktober 2023 di Taman Kanak-Kanak Islam Al Azhar 29 Semarang, penelitian ini melibatkan 17 anak sebagai partisipan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran berbasis proyek secara signifikan meningkatkan karakter Pelajar Pancasila pada usia dini dengan menerapkan pendekatan sistematis melalui komunikasi tema, identifikasi proyek, perencanaan proyek, penyusunan jadwal kegiatan, pemantauan progres proyek, serta penilaian dan evaluasi hasil proyek. Tema yang digunakan dalam implementasi pembelajaran proyek dalam penelitian adalah Aku Cinta Indonesia dengan mengusung topik Nguri-nguri Budaya Jawa Tengah-Festival Jajan Pasar dengan lokus Kota Magelang. Melalui kegiatan pembelajaran berbasis proyek dapat menstimulus kemampuan anak dalam berkolaborasi, mandiri, kreatif, bersikap toleran dan berakhlak mulia.
Artificial Intelligence in Indo-Pacific
Authors: Putro Yaries Mahardika , Tarigan Muhammad Insan , Al Asyari Haekal
Published: March 2024

The use of Artificial Intelligence in the military is like two sides of a coin. It can provide convenience and aid in military operations but has the potential to hinder military operations. Dangerous and potentially catastrophic for humanity will be inevitable as no restrictions on its use. The United States, China, Australia, Japan, and India are examples of nations whose militaries have developed artificial intelligence technology. Geographically, Southeast Asia, which is located in the middle of these nations, will experience a significant impact due to its tight maritime borders if there is no international consensus on the military application of artificial intelligence technology. An autonomous or autonomous system to operate this technology will reduce the amount of human control and allow it to operate without any human intervention. It will be a threat to the application of the fundamental principles of international humanitarian law, such as the distinction principle, and proportionality principle. Where these principles are tightly intertwined with human command and control in making decisions regarding the execution of attacks. The article employs normative legal methodology. Furthermore, this paper endeavours to assess the pertinence of principles in international humanitarian law during the era of the artificial intelligence arms race. It also delves into the contribution of ASEAN in upholding stability, peace, and security in the Southeast Asia region, thereby reinforcing the importance of this research. This research emphasises the importance of aligning the progress of artificial intelligence in military contexts with core principles of international humanitarian law. It underscores the need for ASEAN to safeguard regional peace and security by establishing a novel regulatory framework that outlines restrictions on the development and deployment of artificial intelligence for military objectives.
Exploring Efficacy
Authors: Maryam Rini , Irianto Sulistyowati
Published: March 2024

The rising global divorce rate is reshaping the landscape of family dispute resolution, moving away from the adversarial or litigation system toward an alternative dispute resolution known as mediation. This global trend is also observed in Indonesia where the Supreme Court has mandated the use of mediation in civil cases. "Everybody wins, nobody loses" as the primary slogan of mediation emphasizes a win-win outcome for all parties involved, avoiding any losers. However, assessing its efficacy in handling divorce cases in Indonesia becomes crucial. This is mainly because the settlement rate has been discovered to be low in Indonesia since the mandatory implementation of court-annexed mediation for almost two decades compared to other countries such as Australia and the United States. In both countries, settlement is not only based on agreements but also on the process that satisfies the parties. Therefore, this study aims to examine the conceptual issues underlying the low effectiveness of divorce mediation by questioning agreements as a measure of divorce mediation effectiveness. This study uses the sociolegal framework to critique the Supreme Court Regulation 1/2016 regarding Mediation in court and its dynamics in divorce cases. Moreover, courtroom study is applied to observe the mediation process. The results showed that the success of mediation revolves around the number of agreements reached by the parties and the process did not focus on the characteristics of divorce cases, thereby considered not suitable for all cases. Furthermore, the court-annexed mediation regulation creates ambiguity between the use of marital mediation to reconcile the parties and divorce mediation to proceed post-divorce agreement or both.
DİZİ VE SERİYALLERİN ULUSLARARASI İZLEYİCİLER ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ ÖLÇEĞİ
Authors: Kaçar Ferhat
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı Türk dizilerinin sosyo-kültürel etkisini anlamaya yönelik bir ölçek geliştirmektir. Bu doğrultuda doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA), açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) ve güvenirlik çalışmaları yapılarak 20 maddelik dört boyutlu bir ölçek elde edilmiştir. Yapılan faktör analizinin sonucuna göre, ölçeğin KMO .902 ve Barlett testi χ2 değeri ise 2304,519 (p
THE IMPACT OF CAPITAL STRUCTURES ON FIRM PERFORMANCE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM BIST BASIC METAL INDEX
Authors: Konak Fatih , Türkoğlu Diler
Published: March 2024

Numerous different components should be evaluated together and separately, and processes should be managed in this way, to enhance the financial performance of companies, to produce more accurate future projections, and to assist decision-making processes. The main objective of the research in this condition is to ascertain the effects of the capital structure variables (financial leverage, long-term Liabilities/ total assets, short-term Liabilities /total assets, and equity/total assets) on firm performance measures (return on assets, return on equity, and Tobin's q). In this manner, panel data analysis was employed to construct predictions employing data from 17 companies that maintained data continuity over the allotted time. The primary driving forces behind this sector's research are its leading position in Türkiye’s production activities, its profound influence on other industries, and its strategic significance for the nation's economy. Huber, Eicker and White resistive estimator was employed to provide more consistent findings after basic assumption tests were applied to assess the validity of the models described in the research. The findings demonstrate that the Equity/Total Assets Ratio demonstrates statistically significant values in each of the three models. Other factors' effects on performance metrics were found to be insignificant. As a consequence, it has been suggested that market participants might include this information set in their decision-making even if it is noted that there is a link between the performance criteria of the companies and their capital structure preferences.
Telehealth for healthy gestational weight gain among overweight pregnant women: A systematic review
Authors: Chotimah Kusnul , Has Eka Mishbahatul M. , Rachmawati Praba Diyan
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Excessive Gestational Weight Gain (GWG) is associated with various complications during pregnancy and childbirth. In contrast, digital interventions like telehealth offer cost-effective solutions with broader accessibility. Therefore, our outcomes are to analyze the effectiveness of telehealth interventions for healthy GWG among overweight and obese pregnant women and to know which features are needed in telehealth for healthier GWG.Methods: We undertook a systematic review to address the objectives mentioned above. Initially, we employed the keywords telehealth, pregnant women, and overweight, which were subsequently refined using Medical Subject Headings provided by the National Center for Biotechnology Information. To identify relevant articles, we searched six databases—Scopus, SAGE Journals, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest.Results: We included 15 articles in this review according to the criteria. Eleven papers show a positive effect of telehealth in promoting healthy GWG. Telehealth encompasses various functionalities, such as providing information, push notifications, self-monitoring, and feedback features related to gestational weight gain (GWG), maintaining a healthy diet, engaging in physical activity, receiving reminders, managing stress, and setting goals. On the other hand, four papers show no significant difference between telehealth and regular interventions.Conclusions: Telehealth is alternatively effective to use as an additional intervention to promote healthier GWG in overweight pregnant women.
Keywords: gestational weight gain; overweight; pregnant women; telemedicine
The relationship between attitudes and porn viewing activities with pre-marital sexual behavior in adolescents
Authors: Hastuti Puji , Muftia Nabila Rurotul , Nurlela Lela
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The widespread availability of the internet, coupled with adolescents' natural curiosity about sexuality, has created avenues for accessing pornographic websites. However, this curiosity, when not tempered with self-restraint, can lead adolescents into the habit of watching pornographic films. One significant consequence of engaging in this behavior is its potential to influence pre-marital sexual activity among adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between attitudes toward and the frequency of watching pornographic movies and pre-marital sexual behavior among adolescents in Sidoarjo.Methods: The study employed a descriptive analytics approach with a cross-sectional design. A sample of 138 adolescents was selected using probability sampling, specifically the cluster simple random sampling method. Two research instruments were utilized: the Cyber Pornography Use Inventory (CPUI) for gathering data on porn-watching activity and the Adolescent Sexual Activity Index (ASAI) for collecting information on sexual behavior. The data were then analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation method.Results: The findings indicated that the majority of students in Sidoarjo exhibited a non-supportive attitude category (48.6%, n= 67), with low engagement in watching porn movies (44.2%, n= 61), and most teenagers demonstrated low/less risky sexual behavior (63%, n= 87). Moreover, the results revealed significant relationships between attitudes and sexual behavior (P-value <0.001) as well as between watching porn and sexual behavior (P-value <0.001).Conclusions: This research suggests the importance of parental and teacher involvement in guiding and supervising adolescents to prevent engagement in risky behaviors such as watching pornography and engaging in pre-marital sexual activity. By actively monitoring their children and providing guidance, parents and teachers can play a crucial role in minimizing such behaviors and promoting adolescent reproductive health through counseling and education.
Keywords: adolescent; attitude; porn-watching activity; pre-marital sex
Exploring the risk factors associated with hypertension in children: A systematic review
Authors: Annisa Nadiya Sahara , Haryanto Joni , Kristiawati Kristiawati
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Hypertension in children is increasingly becoming a global concern due to its impact on long-term health. This is influenced by several risk factors that can favor the occurrence of hypertension in children. The purpose of this systematic review is to determine the risk factors that can affect the occurrence of hypertension in children.Methods: Searching articles using Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) with keywords of risk factor AND hypertension OR high blood pressure AND children OR child. This research used academic databases, including Scopus, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar with inclusion criteria. The article discusses the risk factors for hypertension in children aged 6-19 years, no history of autoimmune and hematological disease, articles published in 2018-2023, studies using observational and quasi-experimental designs in English and using The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal method.Results: This research analyzed a total of seven articles. The risk factors for hypertension that often occur in children include excessive nutritional status, lack of physical activity, family history of hypertension, smoking habits in children, excess sodium consumption, and male gender have a higher risk of hypertension.Conclusion: Obesity has become the dominant factor in hypertension in children. It is recommended that children and adolescents exercise regularly, follow examinations at school or the nearest health facility, and maintain a healthy and regular diet.
Keywords: children; hypertension; risk factor
Detecting CSV File Dialects by Table Uniformity Measurement and Data Type Inference
Authors: García Wilfredo
Published: March 2024

The human-readable simplicity with which the CSV format was devised, together with the absence of a standard that strictly defines this format, has allowed the proliferation of several variants in the dialects with which these files are written. The latter has meant that the exchange of information between data management systems, or between countries and regions, requires human intervention during the data mining and cleansing process. This has led to the development of various computational tools that aim to accurately determine the dialects of CSV files, in order to avoid data loss at data loading stage in a given system. However, the dialect detection is a complex problem and current systems have limitations or make assumptions that need to be improved and/or extended. This paper proposes a method for determining CSV file dialects through table uniformity, a statistical approach based on table consistency and records dispersion measurement along with the detection of data type over each field. The new method has a 100\% accuracy on a dataset with 148 CSV files composed of samples coming from a data load testing framework and some others added as verification of the parsing routines. In tests on truly messy data, the proposed solution outperforms the state-of-the-art tool by achieving an improvement of about 10\% in the accuracy with which dialects are detected. Furthermore, the proposed method is accurate enough to determine dialects by reading only ten records, requiring more data to disambiguate those cases where the first records do not contain the necessary information to conclude with a dialect determination.
Artificial Intelligence in the Management of Women with Endometriosis and Adenomyosis: Can Machines Ever Be Worse than Humans?
Authors: Cetera Giulia Emily , Tozzi Alberto Eugenio , Chiappa Valentina , Castiglioni Isabella , Merli Camilla Erminia Maria , Vercellini Paolo
Published: March 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is experiencing advances and integration in all medical specializations, and this creates excitement but also concerns. This narrative review aims at a critical assessment of the state of the art of AI in the field of endometriosis and adenomyosis. By enabling automation, AI may speed up some routine tasks, decreasing gynecologists’ risk of burnout, as well as enabling them to spend more time interacting with their patients, increasing their efficiency and patients’ perception of being taken care of. Surgery may also benefit from AI, especially through its integration with robotic surgery systems. This may improve the detection of anatomical structures and enhance surgical outcomes by combining intra-operative findings with pre-operative imaging. Not only, AI promises to improve the quality of care by facilitating clinical research and through the introduction of decision support tools that can enhance diagnostic assessment and predict treatment effectiveness and side effects, as well as reproductive prognosis and cancer risk. However, concerns exist regarding the fact that good quality data used in tool development and compliance with data sharing guidelines are crucial. Also, professionals are worried AI may render certain specialists obsolete. This said, AI is more likely to become a well-liked team member rather than a usurper.
Experimental Investigation on the Optimization of Incremental Formed Polymer Sheets through a Stair Toolpath Strategy
Authors: Formisano Antonio , Boccarusso Luca , De Fazio Dario , Durante Massimo
Published: March 2024

The incremental sheet forming represents a relatively recent technology that guarantees high customization, thanks to the layered manufacturing principle typical of rapid prototyping, and cost-effectiveness, because it does not require dedicated equipment. Research has initially shown that this process is effective in metal materials capable of withstanding plastic deformation but, in recent years, the interest in this technique has been increasing for the manufacture of complex polymer sheet components as an alternative to the conventional technologies, based on heating-shaping-cooling manufacturing routes. Conversely, incremental formed polymer sheets can suffer from some peculiar defects, for example twisting. To reduce the risk of this phenomenon and the occurrence of failures, a viable way is to choose toolpath strategies that make the tool/sheet contact conditions less severe, and this represents the main goal of the present research. Polycarbonate sheets were worked by incremental forming; in detail, cone frusta with a fixed wall angle were manufactured with a reference and a stair toolpath strategy, and both the forming forces and the twist angle were monitored. The analysis of the results highlighted that a stair toolpath involving an alternation of diagonal up and vertical down steps represents a useful strategy to mitigate the forming forces and, with them, the occurrence of the twisting phenomenon in incremental formed thermoplastic sheets.
Magnetic Prospecting as a Tool for the Characterization of Mining Dams in the La Carolina Mining District (South of Spain)
Authors: Mendoza Rosendo , Rey Javier , Vílchez Jose , Hidalgo M. Carmen
Published: March 2024

In the former mining district of La Carolina (southern Spain), waste materials were accumulated without first waterproofing the substrate. Additionally, these mining dams were abandoned without any type of restoration, conditions that present a significant risk of contaminating the surrounding soils and waters. Prior to carry out the necessary works for isolating these residues, morphological characterization of the contact with the base substrate is needed. For that purpose, in recent years, different indirect study techniques have been used, among which electrical to-mography stands out. In this work, a less common geophysical technique, magnetometry, both in its magnetic and gra-diometric modalities, is used as an alternative method to analyse the geometry and structure of a mining dam. The results obtained with this methodology are compared with the results provided by electrical techniques, as well as with direct data from mechanical surveys and aerial photo-graphs prior to waste deposition. The magnetic anomaly curves obtained with geometric models generated with the Mag2dc program were also analysed. This comparative study shows the use-fulness of magnetic prospecting in characterizing the base geometry of these mining structures and therefore the interest in its application to environmental characterization studies.
A Preliminary Study of Antibiofilm Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extracts of Actinomycetes Isolated from Bris Soil, Terengganu against Salmonella typhimurium
Authors: Azhar Anis Amira , Ahmad Amira
Published: March 2024

Salmonella typhimurium is the predominant serovar identified in cases of salmonellosis. It is recognised for adhering to various surfaces and creating biofilm, leading to several foodborne outbreaks and antibiotic resistance. Actinomycetes are thought to possess a wide array of antibacterial characteristics that can combat different diseases. Currently, it is unclear whether it has antibiofilm properties against S. typhimurium. This study aimed to assess the antibiofilm efficacy of actinomycetes extracts against S. typhimurium ATCC 14028 by the Crystal Violet assay. Four actinomycetes isolates, EAS5, EAS7, EAA141, and EAA11, were obtained from BRIS soil in Terengganu. The actinomycetes isolates were extracted using ethyl acetate (EA). S. typhimurium was exposed to extracts for 6, 12, and 18 hours. The results showed that all EA extracts effectively prevented the S. typhimurium biofilm at 12 and 18 hours. EAAA11 was the most effective against the 12-hour biofilm, whereas EAS5 was the most effective against the 18-hour biofilm among these extracts. In conclusion, actinomycetes isolated from the BRIS soil in Terengganu show potential for controlling Salmonella infection.
Exploring the Relationship Between Dangerous Driving Practices and Traffic Accidents in Pakistan
Authors: Yousaf Adnan , Wu Jianping , Moiz Abdul , Sethi Laiba , Khan Shahzeb Ali
Published: March 2024

The increasing growth in road users who are unfamiliar with traffic rules and regulations provides a serious safety problem for Pakistani traffic conditions. This study has two main objectives. First, it seeks to validate the reliability and applicability of the Dula Dangerous Driving Index (DDDI) in Pakistan. Second, it intends to investigate the effects of DDDI, sociodemographic characteristics, seat belt use, and driving training on the occurrence of traffic accidents.
A total of 623 Pakistani individuals completed a questionnaire as part of this study. The questionnaire consists of items related to dangerous driving behaviors, sociodemographic characteristics, seat belt use, driving instruction, and accident involvement. The DDDI's accuracy was evaluated by comparing it to self-reported traffic incidents and seat belt compliance. To discover predictors within the DDDI dimensions, generalized linear models were used. A binary logistic regression analysis was also performed to evaluate the factors that influence traffic accidents. DDDI dimensions, demographic characteristics, seat belt usage, and driving training were all considered in this study.
The use of seat belts while driving reduced the likelihood of an accident by 25%. On the other hand, aggressive driving and risky driving increased the chances of getting involved in traffic accidents by 36%% and 20%. Furthermore, the chances of being involved in a traffic accident decreased by 21% as the drivers age increased. The results also illustrate that Pakistani drivers are more aggressive and risk taker compared to Chinese drivers who are more disciplined. This study suggests that lack of comprehensive and standardized driving training and education programs, in consistent enforcement of traffic laws, the quality of road infrastructure and lack of public awareness campaigns can be attributed to adverse road safety situations in country.
Salinity Fronts in the South Atlantic
Authors: Belkin Igor M , Shen Xin-Tang
Published: March 2024

Seasonal climatology of salinity fronts in the South Atlantic has been created from satellite SMOS sea surface salinity (SSS) measurements, 2011-2019, processed at the Barcelona Expert Center of Remote Sensing (BEC) and provided as high-resolution (1/20°) SSS data. The SSS fronts are identified with narrow zones of enhanced horizontal gradient magnitude (GM) of SSS computed with the Belkin-O’Reilly algorithm. Seasonal climatologies are generated for large-scale open-ocean SSS fronts and for low-salinity regions maintained by the Rio de la Plata discharge, Magellan Strait outflow, Congo River discharge, and Benguela upwelling. To facilitate feature recognition in satellite imagery, the salinity gradient has been log-transformed, which improved visual contrast of gradient maps, revealing new features. A 2000-km-long triangular area in the eastern tropical-subtropical Atlantic is filled with regular quasi-meridional mesoscale striations that form a giant ripple field with a 100-km wave length extending from Africa toward the NE Brazil. South of the Tropical Front, within the subtropical high-salinity pool, a trans-ocean quasi-zonal narrow linear belt of SSS maximum is documented. The Smax belt shifts north-south seasonally while retaining its well-defined linear morphology, which is suggestive of a mechanism that maintains this feature. In the SW Atlantic, the Rio de la Plata plume expands in winter (June-July), reaching across the South Brazilian Bight, up to Cabo Frio (23°S) and beyond. The Plata estuarine front moves in and out seasonally. Farther south, the Magellan Strait outflow expands northward in winter up to 39-40°S to nearly join the Plata outflow. In the SE Atlantic, the Congo River plume spreads radially from the river mouth, with the spreading direction varying seasonally and interannually. The plume is often bordered from the south by a quasi-zonal front along 6°S. The diluted Congo River water spreads southward seasonally down to the thermal Angola-Benguela Front at 16°S. The Benguela upwelling is delineated by a meridional front, which extends north alongshore up to 20°S, where the low-salinity Benguela upwelling water meets the high-salinity tropical water (“Angola water”) to form a salinity front, which is separate from the thermal Angola-Benguela Front at 16°S. The Angola water thus forms a wedge between the low-salinity waters of the Congo River outflow in the north and Benguela upwelling in the south. This high-salinity wedge is bordered by salinity fronts that migrate north-south seasonally.
Neural Architecture Comparison for Bibliographic Reference Segmentation: An Empirical Study
Authors: Cuéllar-Hidalgo Rodrigo , Pinto-Elías Raúl , Torres-Moreno Juan-Manuel , Vergara Villegas Osslan Osiris , Reyes-Salgado Gerardo , Magadan-Salazar Andrea
Published: March 2024

In the realm of digital libraries, efficiently managing and accessing scientific publications necessitates automated bibliographic reference segmentation. This study addresses the challenge of accurately segmenting bibliographic references, a task complicated by the varied formats and styles of references. Focusing on the empirical evaluation of Conditional Random Fields (CRF), Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory with CRF (BiLSTM+CRF), and Transformer Encoder with CRF (Transformer+CRF) architectures, this research employs Byte Pair Encoding and Character Embeddings for vector representation. The models underwent training on the extensive Giant corpus and subsequent evaluation on the Cora Corpus to ensure a balanced and rigorous comparison, maintaining uniformity across embedding layers, normalization techniques, and Dropout strategies. Results indicate that the BiLSTM+CRF architecture outperforms its counterparts by adeptly handling the syntactic structures prevalent in bibliographic data, achieving an F1-Score of 0.96. This outcome highlights the necessity of aligning model architecture with the specific syntactic demands of bibliographic reference segmentation tasks. Consequently, the study establishes the BiLSTM+CRF model as a superior approach within the current state-of-the-art, offering a robust solution for the challenges faced in digital library management and scholarly communication.
Effect of the Temperature on the Polar and Lewis Acid-Base properties of the Adsorption of PMMA on Silica by Inverse Gas Chromatography
Authors: Hamieh Tayssir
Published: March 2024

The temperature effect plays an important role for an accurate determination of the polar free energy, polar thermodynamic parameters, and enthalpic and entropic Lewis’s acid base properties of oxides, polymers and composites polymers/oxides. The adsorption of polymers on other solid surfaces is crucial in many industrial applications, coatings, paints, catalysis, colloids and adhesion processes. (1) Background: Inverse gas chromatography at infinite was used for the physico-chemical characterization of solid substrates by determining the thermodynamic parameters of adsorption of model organic solvents on solid surfaces such as polymers, metallic oxides, carbon fibers, pharmaceutical or 3D/4D printing substrates. (2) Methods: A new method based on the London dispersion equation was applied with a new parameter associating the deformation po-larizability and the harmonic mean of the ionization energies of solvent. More accurate values of the dispersive and polar interaction energies of the various organic solvents adsorbed on PMMA in bulk phase and PMMA/silica at different recovery fractions were obtained as well as the Lewis acid-base parameters and the transition temperatures of the different composites. (3) Results: This new methodology gave very interesting results on the behavior of PMMA adsorbed on silica. An important effect of the temperature and the recovery fraction on the various physicochemical and thermodynamic properties was highlighted. The variations of all interaction parameters showed the presence of three transition temperatures for the different PMMA adsorbed on silica with the various coverage rates with a shift of these temperatures for a recovery fraction of 31% (4) Con-clusions: An important variation of the polar enthalpy and entropy of adsorption, the Lewis ac-id-base parameters and the intermolecular separation distance as a function of the temperature and the recovery fraction of PMMA on silica.
PlasmaBlade versus Electrocautery for DIEP Flap Harvesting in Autologous Breast Reconstruction: A Comparative Clinical Outcome Study.
Authors: Augustin Angela , Schoberleitner Ines , Unterhumer Sophie-Marie , Krapf Johanna , Bauer Thomas , Wolfram Dolores
Published: March 2024

DIEP-based breast reconstruction necessitates wide undermining at the abdominal donor-site, creating large wound areas. Flap harvesting is usually conducted using electrosurgical dissection devices. This study sought to compare the clinical outcomes in patients after using the PEAK PlasmaBlade (PPB) versus monopolar electrocautery (MPE). This retrospective cohort study included 128 patients with DIEP-based breast reconstruction. Patient characteristics as well as information on the postoperative course were collected and a comparative evaluation was conducted. The MPE group exhibited significantly (p* = 0.0324) higher abdominal drainage volume (351.11 ± 185.96 ml) compared to the PPB group (279.38 ± 183.38 ml). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that PPB significantly reduced postoperative wound fluid in patients with BMI > 30 kg/m² (p* = 0.0284), without prior neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p** = 0.0041), and among non-smokers (p = 0.0046). Furthermore, postoperative pain was significantly (p**** < 0.0001) lower in the PPB cohort. This study confirms the non-inferiority of the PEAK PlasmaBlade to conventional electrocautery for abdominal flap harvesting. The PPB demonstrated advantages, notably reduced drainage volume and lower postoperative pain levels. Recognizing patient subsets that benefit more from the PPB highlights the importance of personalized device selection based on patient characteristics.
Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) for Tumor Cells Growth Modeling
Authors: Rodrigues José A.
Published: March 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive investigation into the applicability and performance of two prominent growth models, namely the Verhulst model and the Montroll model, in the context of modeling tumor cell growth dynamics. Leveraging the power of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs), we aim to assess and compare the predictive capabilities of these models against experimental data obtained from the growth patterns of tumor cells. We employ a dataset comprising detailed measurements of tumor cell growth to train and evaluate the Verhulst and Montroll models. By integrating PINNs, we not only account for experimental noise but also embed physical insights into the learning process, enabling the models to capture the underlying mechanisms governing tumor cell growth. Our findings reveal the strengths and limitations of each growth model in accurately representing tumor cell proliferation dynamics. Furthermore, the study sheds light on the impact of incorporating physics-informed constraints on the model predictions. The insights gained from this comparative analysis contribute to advancing our understanding of growth models and their applications in predicting complex biological phenomena, particularly in the realm of tumor cell proliferation.
Minimally Invasive Extraction System Benex - Clinical Evaluation and Comparison
Authors: Chenchev Lyubomir , Ivanova Vasilena , Giragosyan Krikor , Gavrailov Tasho , Chenchev Ivan
Published: March 2024

(1) Background: Tooth extraction is one of the oldest and most well-known surgical procedures in dental medicine. It is still routinely performed to date by both general practitioners, oral surgeons, and dental undergraduates. The Benex extraction system allows for the extraction of teeth in vertical direction, which avoids most trauma against the surrounding alveolar bone and soft tissues; (2) Methods: The study included 56 patients who were recruited from the department of Oral Surgery at the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University – Plovdiv. Patients were divided into two groups of 28 patients – Group I (control group) and Group II (study group). For each group the success of the extraction, buccal cortical plate preservation, pain experience and early wound healing were assessed; (3) Results: There was no statistical significance between the success of the extractions in both groups. The Benex extractions preserved the buccal cortical plate in 95% of the cases, whereas the forceps extractions only in 71.8%, which shows a statistical significance. On the seventh day patients in group II reported less pain, without a significant difference. There was a significantly bigger number of completely healed extraction wounds on the 10th day; (4) Conclusions: Atraumatic extractions allow for more hard and soft tissues to be preserved in the extraction site. This is all crucial for the successful outcome and aesthetically pleasing results of a following prosthetic or implant restoration.