bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Práticas Ambientais: Um estudo da coleta seletiva do lixo de Porto Alegre
Authors: PLAUTZ CHARLENE SILVA FREITAS , SILVA JOCILEIA NASCIMENTO DA , PLAUTZ HELIERSON MOURA
Published: June 2019

O objetivo do estudo é identificar as possíveis causas da separação incorreta do lixo pelas pessoas. O lixo é um dos agentes causadores da poluição impactando no equilíbrio ambiental e gerando consequentemente a degradação do planeta. O método utilizado foi um estudo transversal com intuito de determinar ausência ou presença de práticas ambientais sustentáveis em especial no que diz respeito separação correta do lixo, objeto do estudo, a linha de pesquisa pautou-se na abordagem quali-quantitativa com procedimentos de observação e mensuração estatística.Os resultados sugerem: Seja por falta de conhecimento dos tipos de resíduos ou dias e locais de coleta , interesse, tempo, adaptação a separação do lixo,enfim é notório resistência da amostra pesquisada no que diz respeito a prática da separação do lixo, proporcionando impactos negativos ao processo da reciclagem e consequentemente ao meio ambiente.
Assistência Estudantil X Creches nas Universidades Públicas: desafios para mães-estudantes
Authors: Dias Marly de Jesus Sá , Soares Brenda Vanessa Pereira
Published: June 2019

Discute a creche, como equipamento social público/ de qualidade, dever do Estado e direito de crianças, famílias e mulheres-mães, no contexto do Programa Nacional de Assistência Estudantil. O estudo tem como propósito apreender como o Programa contribui para o acesso e permanência de mulheres-mães-estudantes no ensino superior brasileiro. Respalda-se em aportes teóricos, documentais e empíricos e foi realizado com dezesseis mulheres e estudantes com filhos entre zero e seis anos, de três cursos majoritariamente femininos do Centro de Ciências Sociais da Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Conclui-se que a efetivação do direito à creche pode contribuir para a redução da evasão escolar em decorrência da maternidade.Palavras-chave: Creche. Assistência Estudantil. Mulheres. Maternidade.Student Assistance X Daycare Center in Public Universities: challenges for mother studentsABSTRACTIt discusses the daycare center, as a public social equipment, of quality, duty of the State and right of children, families and mothers-mothers, in the context of the National Program of Student Assistance. The purpose of this study is to understand how this contributes to the access and permanence of women-mothers-students in Brazilian higher education. It issupported by theoretical, documentary and empirical contributions, carried out with sixteen women and students with children between zero and six years, of three major female courses at the Social Sciences Center of the Federal University of Maranhão. It is concluded that the realization of the right to daycare can contribute to reduce school dropout due to maternity.Keywords: Daycare. Student assistance. Women. Maternity.Asistencia Estudiantil X Guarderías en las Universidades Públicas: desafíos para madres-estudianteRESUMENDiscute a la guardería, como equipo social público, de calidad, deber del Estado y derecho de niños, familias y mujeres madres, en el contexto del Programa Nacional de Asistencia Estudiantil. El estudio tiene como propósito aprehender cómo el Programa contribuye al acceso y permanencia de mujeres-madres-estudiantes en la enseñanza superior brasileña. Se basa en aportes teóricos, documentales y empíricos, que se realiza con dieciséis mujeres y estudiantes con hijos entre cero y seis años, de tres cursos mayoritariamente femeninos del Centro de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad Federal de Maranhão. Se concluye que la efectividad del derecho a la guardería puede contribuir a la reducción de la evasión escolar debido a la maternidad.Palabras clave: Guardería. Asistencia Estudiantil. Las mujeres. La maternidad.
FORMATION OF KNOWLEDGE OF STUDENTS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTHY NUTRITION
Authors: Kuchma Vladislav R. , Makarova A. Yu. , Yamshchikova N. L. , Naryshkina E. V. , Larionova A. V. , Malashenkova A. V. , Pyatenko E. A.
Published: June 2019

There was implpemented the introduction of the curriculum of the educational cycle “Formation of knowledge in the field of healthy nutrition ...” (36 hours), designed for the continuous development of knowledge of minors in educational organizations, teachers to increase the motivation to eat dishes that meet the physiological needs of the organism, taking into account the household nutrition showed a high degree of efficiency such training. After completing the training cycle, the number of correct answers increased by 46%. Assessment of the quality of training of teachers and educators showed a high percentage of excellent and good answers (65.4% and 27.3% respectively). The formation of motivation for eating dishes that meet the physiological needs of the organism was noted by teachers as a “high degree of conformity of the knowledge” (69%) to the expected learning outcomes. The subject-role feeding of educational information was shown to cause positive emotional responses in 61% of preschool children and 63% of children of the primary school age and is accompanied by a favorable emotional response to food intake in the educational institutions, which contributes to the formation of healthy eating behavior.
ALLERGIC BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN CHILDREN: FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND MODERN THERAPY
Authors: Balabolkin Ivan I. , Smirnov I. E.
Published: June 2019

In the review, based on the data of the modern literature and authors’ own research, features of the development of allergic bronchial asthma (BA) in children are presented. There is also considered the important role of atopy, IgE-mediated mechanism, activation of Th2-lymphocytes, mast cells, basophils, eosinophils, increased production of mediators, chemokines and cytokines (IL4, IL5, IL8, IL13, IL17, IL22, IL25, IL33, GM-CSF, TNFα) in its pathogenesis and Th2 endotypes and phenotypes of allergic asthma. Modern therapeutic approaches to the treatment of allergic asthma based on the use of inhaled glucocorticosteroids, leukotriene receptor antagonists, short and long-acting β2-agonists, long-acting theophylline, omalizumab, and allergen-specific immunotherapy have been determined.
ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION DURING PREGNANCY: PREDICTION OF THE CHILD MORBIDITY
Authors: Mironov Aleksey V. , Umahanova M. M. , Galachiev O. V.
Published: June 2019

Aim of the study to evaluate the impact of the maternal endothelial dysfunction during the first trimester of pregnancy on the health state of her infant. Material and methods. The study included 163 babies delivered by 163 pregnant women. In all pregnant women, during the first trimester of the pregnancy, the endothelial dysfunction was assessed by means of cytometric examination of desquamated endothelial cells in the peripheral blood. There were studied the somatic health state of pregnant women and their 163 babies during the first year of life. Results. In groups of children from mothers with detected endotheliopathy by a decrease in the average diameter of desquamated endothelial cells in the first trimester of pregnancy there were observed significantly more frequently encountered disorders of the central nervous system, a higher rate of psychomotor retardation. In babies from such mothers there were also often diagnosed infectious-inflammatory diseases in the first year of life and significantly increased the incidence of iron deficiency anemia. Discussion. Endothelial dysfunction at early pregnancy causes the impaired formation of the uterine-fetal relationship, which is reflected in the formation of organ systems of the fetus, and leads to the development of neonatal and pediatric pathology. Conclusion. Indices of desquamated endothelial cells in the peripheral blood of the mother during the first trimester of pregnancy correlate with the somatic health of the newborn that can be applied in the practice of medicine as an informative test for early diagnosis of neonatal and infant morbidity.
MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES IN CHILDREN WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS
Authors: Smirnov I. E. , Kucherenko A. G. , Egorov M. S. , Smirnova G. I. , Urtnasan Tsevegmid , Simonova O. I. , Shakina L. D.
Published: June 2019

The data of examination of 80 in-patients with the mixed form of cystic fibrosis (CF) are presented. All cases were divided into 3 groups according to the severity of the course of the disease. 16 conditionally healthy children made up a reference group. Determination of blood serum concentrations of interleukins (IL4, IL6), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2, MMP-8, MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor-TIMP-1 was performed by immunoassay ELISA method. The changes in the content of MMP and TIMP-1 in the blood serum of patients with various severity of the course of CF were found to be characterized by a significant decrease in MMP-8 and TIMP-1 concentrations, an increase in MMP-2 levels in children with moderate СF and a significant increase in MMP-9 concentrations, especially pronounced in patients with severe CF. At the same time, no definite dependence of the changes in MMP and TIMP-1 concentrations in the blood serum of patients on the frequency of exacerbations in the CF course and the dominant microbiota was found. Changes in the content of IL and TGF-β1 in the blood serum of children with the various severity of the course of CF were characterized by an increase in the concentrations of IL4 and TGFβ1 by more than 9.8 times, and IL6 - by 4.6 times if compared with the reference group. However, there no direct correlation was found between the changes in their production and the severity of the course of CF. The authors believe elevated levels of MMP, TIMP, and altered relationships between them can be used as biomarkers of the exacerbation of CF course in children.
BORDER MENTAL DISORDERS IN TRAINING TEENAGERS: PREVALENCE, RISK FACTORS, FOUNDATIONS OF PSYCHO-HYGIENE
Authors: Chubarovsky Vladimir V. , Labuteva I. S. , Kuchma V. R.
Published: June 2019

Official medical statistics and special studies indicate an increase in the prevalence of mental illness among all age groups, and there are high rates of teenage suicides. The aim of the study is to investigate the mental health of adolescents studying in various educational institutions. The object of the study was 100 girls and 100 young men aged 15-18 years training in general education schools and colleges. The study used sociological, clinical, follow-up and statistical methods. Various forms of mental disorders were detected in 67.5% of the examined. A significant part (36%) of them were made up of pre-illnesses, 16% of them were neurotic responses, 20% were pathological responses. Actually, neuroses were detected in 20% of the subjects. According to the structure of neurotic states, states of dysmorphomanic and depressive type were a significant proportion of them. There were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of mental pathology between girls and boys. In adolescents training in colleges, the prevalence of mental disorders was found to be of 82% appeared to be more than in teenagers training in schools (53%) due to responses of pathological character. Adolescents without mental disorders are more likely to exercise for 60 minutes less or more than 3 times a week, have a more long night’s sleep, spend less time on gadgets, spend more time less than 3 hours and less often - more than 3 hours. These factors can be considered as risk factors for the development of mental distress. Pathological character and accented personal characteristics are the most important predictors of mental disorders, based of they, there are formed risk groups, which should be in the sphere of attention of medical and pedagogical workers of educational organizations. A retrospective analysis of the prevalence of mental pathology in the historical interval of 15 years shows a decrease in the frequency of the neurotic response due to an increase in the proportion of neuroses in modern adolescents and an increase in the prevalence of pathocharacterological responses in them. It can be considered as risk factors for the development of mental distress. Preventive measures should be carried out by doctors, paramedics, nurses in medical aid departments.
ACTUAL DIRECTIONS OF THE OPTIMIZATION OF THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF LOCOMOTOR DISORDERS IN SPASTIC FORMS OF INFANTILE CEREBRAL PALSY
Authors: Zherdev K. V. , Pak L. A. , Volkova Maria O. , Zubkov P. A. , Chelpachenko O. B.
Published: June 2019

The review of actual directions of optimization of surgical treatment of locomotor disorders in spastic forms of infantile cerebral palsy is presented. When choosing the tactics of the treatment for this category of patients, the following criteria should be taken into account: the degree of disturbances in motor activity associated with muscle tone disorders, the spasticity pattern, the presence of joint contractures, limb deformities, the level of intellectual development, the presence and severity of perceptual disorders. The implementation of simultaneous operations allows reducing the period of immobilization of the child and the period of temporary incapacity for work of parents and recommended for the treatment of patients with cerebral palsy at all levels of the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). There are considered modern methods of surgical treatment of spastic instability of the hip when the choice of the method of correction of the acetabular component of instability depends on the degree of abnormalities of the anatomy of the acetabulum, mainly from the deficit of the bone covering of the head of the femur and the «slanting» of the roof of the acetabulum. In the treatment of contractures of knee joints in order to prevent сrush syndrome, the elongation of the medial group of tibial flexors is advisable to be used in conjunction with tonus-enhancing operations in the anterior group of femur muscles with their secondary weakness. When treating axial deformities of the knee joints and unequal length of the legs, it is important to observe the timeliness principle (during the active growth of the skeleton) with the use of minimally invasive surgical interventions - hemi and epiphysiodesis - to avoid the need for more traumatic interventions.
ULTRASONIC DIAGNOSIS OF GALLBLADDER POLYPOSIS IN CHILDREN
Authors: Dvoryakovsky Igor V. , Ivleva S. A. , Smirnov I. E.
Published: June 2019

An overview of the data on the features of ultrasound in polyposis of the gallbladder is presented. The polyposis of the gallbladder especially in children is the rare disease requiring careful attention since the transition from the benign mass into carcinoma is not impossible. The extensive use of ultrasound diagnostics has significantly improved the detection of gallbladder polyposis. In the review of literature data and own research, the possibilities of the visualization of various forms of gallbladder polyposis in children are considered, and a scheme for the dynamic control of polyp morphogenesis is suggested.
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF ULTRASOUND SIGNS OF THICKENING OF THE GALLBLADDER WALL
Authors: Dvoryakovsky I. V. , Ivleva S. A.
Published: June 2019

An overview of the data on features of ultrasound examination of the gallbladder with various forms of pathology in children is presented. We examined 650 conditionally healthy children and 840 children with diseases of the abdominal cavity organs, cardiovascular system, and some infectious diseases. The diffuse thickening of the gallbladder wall was established to be the possible result of a wide range of pathological conditions, both of surgical and non-surgical origin. It is shown that sometimes it is necessary to conduct frequent dynamic studies, especially in cases where the primary disease of the gallbladder cannot be ruled out. As a rule, the recognition of the cause of the response of the gallbladder wall and its exclusion as a result of appropriate treatment leads to a normalization of the morphology and function of the gallbladder.
NOSOCOMIAL INTESTINAL SYNDROME IN CHILDREN: FREQUENCY, STRUCTURE, TREATMENT TACTICS
Authors: Maltseva Yulia V. , Kuznetsova T. A.
Published: June 2019

The problem of nosocomial infections (IUI) is relevant in all countries of the world, both industrialized and developing. According to American and European authors, 91-94% of all cases of nosocomial diarrhea are caused by viruses, most often by rotavirus due to high contagiousness. The official statistics on nosocomial acute intestinal infections in the Russian Federation are understated and incomplete. Due to the immediacy of the problem of hospital-acquired enteric infection, there was conducted a retrospective review of 3098 charts of hospital patients (form 003/у) aged from 0 months to 17 years, who admitted the acute respiratory diseases unit during the period of three years. According to the results of an expert assessment of the case histories of children with acute respiratory pathology, the admission of nosocomial infection was noted in 26.9% of cases (834 patients), with more than half of the cases in children of the first 3 years of life 83.3% (695 patients). There is no significant difference in the clinical manifestations of nosocomial infection, depending on the main respiratory disease. The overlay of the hospital-acquired enteric infection increases the duration of hospitalization, polypharmacy, economic expenses. Moreover, it shapes parents’ negative attitude toward their children’s hospital treatment. It is expected, that the differential approach to hospital admission of only severe pediatric patients in boxes, if possible, and rotavirus enteritis immunization will promote the drop in the enteric superinfection frequency at the acute respiratory infections units.
ASSESSMENT OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE INSURERS TO PROTECT A CHILD’S RIGHTS IN A COMPULSORY MEDICAL INSURANCE SYSTEM
Authors: Yuryev V. K. , Sokolova Vera V.
Published: June 2019

The data of the analysis of the organization and effectiveness of the insurer’s activity on the protection of the rights of minors are presented. There is identified the insufficient awareness and legal activity of parents in the protection of the rights of the child. A higher level of passive dissatisfaction of parents with medical care for minors was established compared with the data of the insurance company. The differences in the general structure of appeals to the insurer and appeals on the provision of medical care to children are revealed. The analysis performed justifies the need to implement a differentiated approach in informing the public about the compulsory medical insurance system, recording social monitoring data and public appeals on the protection of the rights of minors.
A leitura como encontro na educação não formal: linguagem, produção de sentidos e intervenção educativa
Authors: Segato Sílvia Regina
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo abordar a leitura e a poesia como propostas para uma vida mais humanizada através do mundo dos livros, que é o mundo da linguagem.  Propor a leitura como conhecimento, fruição e pesquisa e o ato de ler como uma forma de identidade. Ressaltar a importância da família e da escola para a formação do pequeno leitor, bem como a atividade narrativa lúdica como base primordial da animação e fruição da leitura na primeira idade. Pensar o Brasil como um país de poucos leitores e repensar a leitura como chave para uma educação mais humana e democrática.  Intervir nas comunidades do Jardim Thelja e Alvorada (Americana/SP) em situação de risco, que tinham dificuldades de acesso a livros, com leitura e poesia.
Guardiões e Submarinos
Authors: Costa Luciano Bernardino da
Published: June 2019

A fotografia segue por rumos nem sempre restritos ao desejo de veracidade e de fidedignidade que a ela atribuímos. Enquanto imagem, ela é passível de se conectar com imaginários distantes, de nos fazer aproximar do percebido de forma insuspeita, de provocar o presente com memórias desconexas. Se a olharmos enquanto convite a um olhar imaginativo, ao invés de impormos uma explicação ou uma caracterização imediata, perceberemos que seus espaços interpretativos se ampliam, possibilitando associações que constituem histórias, fábulas, poesias num intercâmbio entre imagem e palavra.
Educação-arte-cidade: intervenções artísticas, políticas e poéticas
Authors: Fernandes Renata Sieiro
Published: June 2019

Trata-se de uma pesquisa-ação desenvolvida com duas Ongs da periferia da cidade de Campinas, envolvendo um curso de formação para educadores e coordenadores como uma das estratégias para melhor capacitá-los dentro do campo da educação não-formal. Esse curso objetivou refletir e agir sobre os espaços da cidade como lugares de educação não-formal, de apreciação estética e de exercício de micro-ações políticas, artísticas, simbólicas e poéticas, por meio de intervenções no espaço público.
SATOLEP: Narrativas de uma cidade a contrapelo
Authors: Pinheiro Cristiano Guedes , Bussoletti Denise Marcos , Schneider Daniela da Cruz
Published: June 2019

Este artigo apresenta e discute os conceitos de narrativa e cidade a contrapelo. Conceitos originados a partir das pesquisas e ações desenvolvidas pelo NALS (Núcleo de Arte Linguagem e Subjetividade), núcleo ligado à Faculdade de Educação da Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Tendo a cidade de Pelotas (ou Satolep) como palco, apresentaremos as vivências de dois mestres griôs do movimento negro pelotense, a partir do que, os conceitos que fundamentam este trabalho serão desenvolvidos. Posteriormente, se esboçarão os marcos de uma pedagogia a contrapelo ou pedagogia da fronteira. Ao final, em notas propositadamente não conclusivas, serão lançadas questões que fazem parte dos desafios das pesquisas em curso.
Educação: a prática educativa de sustentabilidade na cidade
Authors: Rosa Maria Arlete , Angelo Cristiane
Published: June 2019

A relação educação e meio ambiente é tema deste artigo. Norteia a reflexão a questão sobre quais aspectos influenciam a constituição da prática educativa de sustentabilidade das lideranças comunitárias que atuam na Vila Sagrada Família, bacia do rio Barigui, em Curitiba. Os objetivos visam analisar a prática educativa de sustentabilidade das lideranças na cidade a partir do território da bacia hidrográfica; configurar os aspectos que constituem a prática educativa de sustentabilidade das lideranças comunitárias que atuam na Vila Sagrada Família, bacia do rio Barigui, em Curitiba e indicar resultados desta prática educativa a partir do aprendizado autoconstruído por tais lideranças. As referências teóricas são Jacobi (1995/2005), Sthael (1995), Gohn (1994), Rosa (1999), Santos (2002) e Porto (2005). Este aprendizado, subjacente à prática social das lideranças, foi construído no movimento social, da participação, organizações, lutas e conflitos sociais determinados pela relação Estado/sociedade para garantir direitos e políticas públicas asseguradoras da cidadania. Buscou-se contribuir para indicar novos referenciais de análise, atribuindo visibilidade às boas práticas de sustentabilidade a partir das práticas educativas no enfoque de construção de uma cidadania ambiental e planetária.
Educação e Gênero: uma leitura sobre as pedagogias feministas no Brasil (1970-1990).
Authors: Burginski Vanda Micheli
Published: June 2019

O artigo aborda a trajetória das pedagogias feministas no Brasil entre1970 a 1990. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico docu-mental e centra-se na análise nas pedagogias feministas, seus precedentesteóricos na década de 70, sua elaboração na década de 80 e institucio-nalização e onguização na década de 90. Elaboradas a partir dos movi-mentos feministas no auge do processo de redemocratização da décadade 80, tais pedagogias também passam por influências da própria insti-tucionalização e onguização dos movimentos sociais a partir dos anos90. A proposta do artigo é fomentar a reflexão acerca dessa pedagogia,seu caráter alternativo que cada vez mais passa a institucionalizar-se, suaimportância e sua potencialidade de organização política, uma vez que aigualdade entre homens e mulheres ainda não é uma realidade.
A repetição em Beckett e Deleuze
Authors: Malufe Annita Costa
Published: June 2019

Partindo da relação entre a literatura de Samuel Beckett e a filosofia de Gilles Deleuze, o artigo tem como objetivo discutir o papel da repetição na escrita de Beckett, não somente como procedimento técnico ou retórico, mas como parte de seu projeto poético mais amplo. Para tanto, parte-se da constatação dos diálogos existentes entre as obras dos autores, e de seu projeto comum de subversão da representação, para se chegar ao argumento de que a repetição, que se faz mais e mais presente no estilo maduro de Beckett, consiste em uma repetição do diferente, pensada nos termos propostos por Deleuze.Palavras-chave: Samuel Beckett; Gilles Deleuze; Repetição; Diferença.Abstract: This article aims to discuss the role of repetition procedure in Samuel Beckett’s writings as a part of his major poetic project. In order to do that, we start from dialogues between Beckett’s literature and Gilles Deleuze philosophy, specially their common aim of the representation subversion. Our objective is to argument that the repetition, which is more and more present in Beckett’s style, consists in a repetition of the different, conceived in Deleuze’s terms.Key words: Samuel Beckett; Gilles Deleuze; Repetition; Difference.
La Capilla mayor y la Sacristía de la Iglesia Conventual de la Merced de Baza
Authors: Segura Ferrer Juan Manuel , Valero Segura César
Published: June 2019

La capilla mayor y la sacristía de la iglesia de la Merced de Baza, obras notables de la arquitectura conventual del sudeste español, siguen la solución más habitual en las construcciones de cantería del siglo XVI en el norte del Reino de Granada, una síntesis entre lo moderno y lo antiguo, una simbiosis entre la arquitectura renacentista y los últimos coletazos del gótico. Estas edificaciones nos hablan de la importancia de la producción arquitectónica del quinientos en las altiplanicies granadinas y del destacado papel de Rodrigo de Gibaja, y otros canteros, a nivel andaluz.
Roque de Balduque, Juan Bautista Vázquez “El Viejo” y Pedro Delgado Documento inédito del antiguo Convento de San Pablo de Sevilla
Authors: García Sánchez Fernando
Published: June 2019

Pedro Téllez Girón, III conde de Ureña, y su esposa, doña Mencía Pérez de Guzmán, hija del III duque de Medina-Sidonia, fundaron una capellanía en el convento de San Pablo de Sevilla para establecer allí sus sepulturas en el altar mayor y concordaron para la dotación el retablo mayor, rejas, vidriera y filacteria. Doy a conocer las condiciones de los dos proyectos para el retablo mayor y rejas de esta capilla Mayor por el pleito que mantuvieron el Condestable de Castilla y el convento dominico de San Pablo. Roque de Balduque, Juan Bautista Vázquez “el Viejo” y Pedro Delgado.
Pasión y poder: la escultura de Nuestro Padre Jesús Nazareno en Zacatecas, México
Authors: Valverde Maricela , Lara Jaime
Published: June 2019

Este ensayo estudia una escultura excepcional de finales del siglo XVIII que se encuentra en la ciudad minera de Zacatecas, México. La imagen de tamaño natural es en realidad una escultura de movimiento tipo títere litúrgico, o más bien marioneta, de Jesucristo que actúa dramáticamente en Semana Santa. Se investiga esta imagen dentro de un ambiente más amplio de los títeres medievales, la liturgia de la Iglesia, y nuevas teorías psicológico-sociales. La escultura parece continuar una actitud precolombina al títere como ixiptla o actor-imitador. El resultado novedoso del estudio es que se ha descubierto el mecanismo original que hizo posible que esta escultura “actué” en uno de los más dramáticos momentos de la Pasión.
El estilo de aprendizaje en educación virtual: breve revisión de la literatura
Authors: Forero Murcia Ricardo , Castaño Álvarez Lorena , Mejía Corredor Carolina
Published: June 2019

La enseñanza a través de los años se ha transformado increíblemente, hasta llegar al punto de estudiar las características del cerebro para poder comprender su complejidad y potenciar el aprendizaje; esto motivó la presente investigación de los modelos más representativos que existen en el cerebro humano y las distintas formas y estilos de aprendizaje. Al analizarlos pudimos observar lo importante que es conocer al estudiante, sus capacidades y sus habilidades cognitivas. El modelo de estilos de aprendizaje propuesto por Ned Hermann nos lleva a conocer las capacidades y forma de absorber información de cada estudiante y, en este sentido, a generar mejoras para que el proceso de aprendizaje sea eficaz en un ambiente de aprendizaje lleno de retos: el virtual.
Graphical representation of online discussion threads from an academic course in a constructivist setting
Authors: Hamminger Leopold
Published: June 2019

Constructivist teaching in virtual environments places particular emphasis on the use of discussion forums. This article presents the implementation of a concept of constructivist didactics through an e-learning course on the Blackboard platform of the Department of Education at the University of Salzburg, Austria. Students were motivated to build knowledge through their participation in discussion forums on the Blackboard platform. Teachers, in their role of moderators, expected to be able to gradually reduce their presence in the debates.  The challenge was to be able to measure the extent to which this was achieved, considering that thousands of discussion contributions had to be analyzed. This document describes how the discussion lines can be extracted from Blackboard to be used by UCINET software for social network and thus produce a graphic presentation of the discussion sequences.
El significado de la pregunta y la respuesta en el contexto de la vida: problematización del conocimiento
Authors: Chica Cañas Francisco Alonso
Published: June 2019

La reflexión que plantea este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la forma en que la pregunta y la respuesta se encuentra arraigada en el diario vivir de los hombres y mujeres y en ese mismo sentido, identificar su actuar en torno al mundo, que se constituye en un referente contextual de significado al involucrar los intereses de los individuos de índole existencial y vitalista, respecto de los intereses que persigue la sociedad y el conocimiento científico. Las preguntas y las repuestas que se formula el aprendiente deben contribuir al desarrollo de la autonomía de mayoría de edad, esto en concordancia con la toma las decisiones con madurez, con prudencia, con justicia, con equidad e igualdad, siendo altamente significativas en favor de la vida y la conservación de la vida como tal.
Comparación de herramientas de autor a partir de evaluaciones de accesibilidad
Authors: Sánchez Morales Diana Vanessa , Tabares Morales Valentina , Londoño Rojas Luis Felipe , Duque Méndez Néstor Darío
Published: June 2019

La accesibilidad es un elemento que ha permitido que personas que no podían adquirir ciertos conocimientos logren hacerlo. Una posibilidad es la creación de recursos educativos digitales accesibles que son usados para apoyar procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Se han creado diversas herramientas de autor que permiten la creación de contenidos, libros y actividades con la idea de que lleguen a muchas personas sin importar sus condiciones. Por lo tanto, un aspecto importante que se debe tener en cuenta, es que los recursos creados a partir de estas herramientas, cumplan con características de accesibilidad. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar los resultados de análisis comparativo entre cuatro herramientas de autor, a partir de evaluaciones de accesibilidad realizadas a recursos educativos creados en cada una de ellas, lo que permitió identificar cuáles herramientas presentan una mayor potencialidad para crear recursos con características accesibles.
Diseño e implementación de un sistema alternativo de comunicación para niños con discapacidad del Centro de Habilitación y Capacitación ALUNA
Authors: Osorio Caballero Jessica Paola , Yacub Bermúdez Bashir , Vargas Meléndez Sergio Andrés , Pérez  Cantillo Andrés
Published: June 2019

Este artículo describe el desarrollo de un dispositivo tecnológico para mejorar la relación en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje entre docentes y estudiantes con alguna discapacidad en la comunicación. Para el diseño del dispositivo se tuvo en cuenta los requerimientos establecidos por los docentes de ALUNA: portabilidad, fácil manejo, resistente, pictogramas programables, estéticamente atractivo para los estudiantes, pantalla de visualización, comunicación rápida entre docente y estudiante y cobertura de comunicación fuera de las aulas de clase. El dispositivo desarrollado está conformado por dos etapas enlazadas de manera inalámbrica, en modo simplex: una etapa emisor y otra receptora, todas con tecnologías microcontroladas. La etapa emisora o del estudiante está dotada de pulsadores ARCADE, para facilitar su uso a personas con algún tipo de discapacidad física o motriz e igualmente cuenta con una pantalla TFT para la visualización de pictogramas. Por otra parte, el dispositivo receptor, utilizado por el docente, cuenta con una pantalla LCD para la visualización de los mensajes transmitidos por el estudiante.
Análisis de brechas de accesibilidad, uso y apropiación de las TIC en aspirantes al nivel superior universitario
Authors: Bossolasco María Luisa , Enrico Eugenia Elizabeth , Casanova Beatriz Adriana , Enrico Roxana Judith
Published: June 2019

En el marco de un ingreso universitario diseñado con inclusión de tecnología en modalidad b-learning se han puesto de manifiesto la presencia de ciertas brechas de acceso, uso y apropiación por parte de jóvenes aspirantes. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados del análisis de encuestas administradas a los alumnos ingresantes a la Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, en la Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Argentina, en el periodo 2017, comparando algunas variables con las cohortes 2015 y 2016. Los resultados han permitido identificar factores institucionales y contextuales referidos a la accesibilidad digital de los ingresantes, que deben ser tenidos en cuenta en el diseño de las próximas ediciones del curso para poder disminuir las brechas mencionadas.
Plan estratégico pedagógico para el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la investigación formativa en un programa profesional en Administración de Mercadeo en modalidad a distancia
Authors: Ladino Marin Paola Consuelo
Published: June 2019

Este estudio es el resultado de una investigación que propone un plan estratégico pedagógico para fortalecer la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la investigación formativa en un programa académico de ciencias administrativas en modalidad a distancia. El método investigativo se realizó a partir de una técnica cuantitativa que valoró el uso de las tecnologías del aprendizaje en ambientes virtuales, específicamente en los módulos de investigación formativa, tanto en docentes como estudiantes. Igualmente, se realizó una revisión documental que identificó políticas nacionales e institucionales de la investigación como estrategia de formación, así como tecnologías al servicio del aprendizaje, para culminar con una propuesta que potencialice el uso de las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación (TIC) para la investigación en escenarios de aprendizaje virtual. Este plan vincula aspectos del macro-, meso- y microcurrículo como criterios relacionados con los componentes de comunicación, tecnología, pedagogía y gestión administrativa.
Pixar ¿Qué hay detrás de la imagen?
Authors: Medina Salgado César
Published: June 2019

¿Quién no recuerda a la entrañable Boo, a Sulley y su compañero Mike con su ciclópeo rostro verde? Ni que decir de Buzz Lightyeary y Woody los dos juguetes preferidos de Andy. ¿Qué tienen en común todos estos personajes de cine? Su creador: Pixar. Una compañía de animación que se ocupa de otorgarles la capacidad de cobrar vida y movimiento en una pantalla cinematográfica.

En concordancia con esto, el objetivo del presente documento es analizar las distintas actividades organizacionales y los productos cinematográficos diseñados por Pixar.

Pero, ¿por qué estudiar a esta organización? Porque el modelo de Pixar parece convivir entre la tradición y la modernidad de manera exitosa. Para comprobar esta afirmación se realizó una encuesta a 60 jóvenes. Los resultados obtenidos arrojaron una influencia de los largometrajes en los códigos de valores de los encuestados. Sobresalen la lealtad, la confianza, el amor, el cariño, el logro, el trabajo en equipo, desapego a las cosas, altruismo, actitud positiva, todos acuñados dentro de un ambiente familiar. Para lograr este amplio objetivo, en el artículo se revisan los siguientes elementos: las prácticas visuales y los modos de ver; una aproximación a los productos cinematográficos y Pixar en busca de un modelo organizacional.
The Utility of Red Cell Distribution Width to Predict Mortality of Septic Patients in Tertiary Hospital of Nepal
Authors: Ghimire Rajan , Shakya Yogendra Man , Shrestha Tirtha Man , Neupane Ram Prasad
Published: June 2019

Background

Sepsis is common problem encountered in emergency room which needs to be intervened early. Predicting prognosis is always a difficult task in busy emergency room using present scores which has numbers of variables to calculate. Red cell distribution width (RDW) is easy, cheap and efficacious score to predict severity and mortality of patients with sepsis.

Method

This prospective analytical study was conducted in emergency room of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital among patients of age ≥16 years with clinical diagnosis of sepsis using qSOFA score. 148 patients were analyzed in study by using nonprobability purposive sampling method.

Result

RDW is more efficacious test to predict mortality in sepsis (Area under the Curve of 0.734; 95% C. I= 0.649-0.818) than APACHE II (AUC of 0.728; 95% C. I= 0.637 to 0.819) or SOFA (AUC of 0.680, 95% C.I =0.591-0.770). Cutoff of RDW 15.05 has sensitivity of 73% (positive likelihood ratio 1.82) and specificity of 60% (negative likelihood ratio 0.45) while cutoff of RDW 16.1 has Sensitivity of 56% (PLR 2.07) and specificity of 73% (NLR 0.6). Out of 44 patients with septic shock 16 died (36.4%) and among 104 patients without septic shock,24 died (22.9%) with odds ratio of 0.713 (p=0.555, 95% C. I= 0.231-2.194). Overall mortality was 27.02% (n=40). RDW subgroup analysis showed no mortality in low RDW (<13.1) subgroup, 3.6% mortality in moderate (13.1 to 14) RDW group, 22.0% mortality in high (14 to >15.6) RDW group and 45.9% mortality in very high (>15.6) RDW group. Significant mortality difference seen in high and very high RDW subgroup with p value 0.003 and 0.008 respectively.

Conclusion

RDW is more efficacious test to predict mortality in sepsis than APACHE II or SOFA. Cutoff of RDW 15.05 has sensitivity of 73% and specificity of 60%. So RDW can be used as a good prognostic score to predict severity and mortality of patients with sepsis in emergency room.
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus among antenatal clinic attendees in Gamawa Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria
Authors: Mustapha Garba Umar , Ibrahim Abdulrasul , Balogun Muhammad Shakir , Umeokonkwo Chukwuma David , Mamman Aisha Indo
Published: June 2019

Background: Hepatitis B is a potentially life-threatening liver infection and a major global health problem. It causes chronic infection and puts people at high risk of death from cirrhosis and liver cancer. WHO estimated 257 million people are living with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and in 2015 alone HBV resulted in to 887,000 deaths globally. We determined the prevalence and associated factors of hepatitis B virus infection among Antenatal Care (ANC) attendees in Gamawa Local Government Area, Bauchi State.
Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional, health facility-based study between March and April 2018. We used systematic random sampling technique to recruit 210 pregnant women aged 15-49 years. With a structured questionnaire, we interviewed the respondents and collected blood sample to test for hepatitis B surface antigen. We calculated frequencies, means, proportions, and tested for associations using Epi Info 7.2 and Microsoft Excel.
Results: The mean age of respondents was 24.5 ± 6.0 years; 53.3% of whom were younger than 25 years. All were married, 87.1% had no formal education and up to 90.5% were employed. Overall, 6.7% tested positive for HBsAg; women aged ≥35 years had the highest prevalence (10.5%). None with tertiary education tested positive and women married before 18 years had 6.5% prevalence.
Conclusions: The prevalence of HBsAg among pregnant women in Gamawa LGA was 6.7% which is quite lower than the national prevalence reported. We recommended improved surveillance of HBV infection and screening of women attending ANC.
Keywords: Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis B Surface antigen, Prevalence, Pregnancy, Health facilities, Hepatitis B
Autoimmune encephalitis: differences of clinical features between antibody-positive and antibody-negative conditions
Authors: Li Tingting , Si Zhihua , Lu Lu , Wang Aihua
Published: June 2019

Autoimmune encephalitis is a kind of immune disease with a higher incidence while classification and analysis based upon different states of antibodies are scarcely reported. We intend to compare the clinical features of autoimmune encephalitis between antibody-positive and antibody-negative, with a goal of contributing to early diagnosis and facilitate clinical treatment decisions, especially concerning antibody negative cases. A total of 38 patients with autoimmune encephalitis were enrolled and patients with infections, hereditary, metabolic or toxic neurological diseases were excluded. Based on the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) antibody results, all patients were divided into antibody-positive group and antibody-negative group. The clinical manifestations of the two groups were compared in detail. The number of antibody-positive group with immuno-related injury (p=0.012), number of combined symptoms (p=0.027) and abnormal secretion of exocrine glands (p=0.023) were higher than antibody-negative group; patients with psychiatry department treatment history exceeded antibody-negative group (p=0.014) and patients with epileptic of antibody-positive group was less than that of antibody-negative group (p=0.028). Majority of patients in antibody-positive group displayed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure and white blood cell (WBC) count increased while that in a small number of antibody-negative group (p = 0.043, p=0.045). Baseline mRS scores of antibody-positive group were higher than negative group at admission (p=0.049), and mRS in both groups were significantly lower at discharge than admission (p=0.010, p =0.011). Compared with antibody-negative group, the combined therapy in antibody-positive group was more common (p=0.025).Although antibody-positive patients may have more serious conditions,but the data suggest that in spite of some differences between antibody positive and negative patients, they are quite similar and perhaps should be subjected to the same rigorous treatment or management protocols. Immunotherapy might play an important role in relieving symptoms.
A review on heavy metals biosorption in the environment
Authors: Oyewole Oluwafemi Adebayo , Adamu Binta Buba , Oladoja Emmanuel Olalekan , Balogun Adeoluwa Nancy , Okunlola Banke Mary , Odiniya Esther Eguye
Published: June 2019

Heavy metal refers to any metallic chemical element that has a relatively high density and is toxic or poisonous at low concentrations. Examples of heavy metals include mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), thallium (Tl) and lead (Pb). Little amounts of some heavy metals are needed by living organisms, however excessive levels of these metals can be harmful to the organisms due to their level of toxicity and accumulation behaviour. Different methods such as electrodeposition, electrocoagulation and nanofiltration system have been used to decontaminate the environment from adverse effect of these pollutants yet most of the methods used are ineffective. Biosorption is the removal of organic and inorganic substances from solution by biological material. Cheap biosorbents for the removal of metals are bacteria, fungi, algae, plants, industrial wastes and agricultural wastes. There are many mechanisms involved in biosorption some of which are not fully understood, examples are precipitation, ion exchange, complexation and adsorption. The efficiency of biosorption depends on many factors such as, temperature, characteristics of the biomass, pH, surface area to volume ratio, metal affinity to the biosorbent, concentration and characteristics of the biomass. Compared to other methods biosorption is operated over a wide range of physiochemical conditions and it uses naturally rich renewable biomaterials that can be cheaply produced. However, the potential for biological process improvement (for example through genetic engineering of cells) is restricted because cells are not metabolizing. Biosorption is in its developmental stages and further improvement in both performance and costs can be expected in future.
In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of mangrove plant Rhizophora mucronata Lam. (Malpighiales: Rhizophoraceae)
Authors: Kaur Samanjit , Syed Ali M. , Anuradha V. , Suganya V. , Ashashalini A. , Bhuvana P.
Published: June 2019

In the present study, analysis of in vitro inflammatory showed whole plant of Rhizophora mucronata Lam. (Malpighiales: Rhizophoraceae) can be the potent source. The data from this study showed that the R. mucronata leaf, bark and root extract could serve as an important anti-inflammatory agent. Moreover, among the three extracts, the stilt root and leaves extract showed highest anti inflammatory. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of the selected plant extracts was evaluated using albumin denaturation, membrane stabilization and proteinase inhibitory assays. As part of the investigation on the mechanism of the anti-inflammation activity, ability of extract protein denaturation was studied. Maximum inhibition (296.26%) was observed from root extract followed by bark (259.48%) and leaf (237.62%). The extracts inhibited the heat induced hemolysis of RBCs to varying degree as show in table below. The maximum inhibition 284.17% was observed from bark extract followed by root (265.05%) and leaf (232.61%). It reveals that these phytochemical constituents are responsible to maximum protection of protein denaturation, albumin denaturation and membrane stabilization assay. The future work will be determination of anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities by in vivo models.
Taxonomic diversity of macrandrous species of Oedogonium Link ex Hirn (Chlorophyceae: Oedogoniales) with emphasis on ecology from Hooghly, West Bengal
Authors: Halder Nilu
Published: June 2019

The present paper includes detail taxonomic features of nine taxa of Oedogonium Link ex Hirn (Chlorophyceae: Oedogoniales) collected from Hooghly district, West Bengal, India. These taxa are Oedogonium bharuchae N.D. Kamat, Oedogonium cardiacum f. pulchellum Hirn, Oedogonium crispum var. pyriforme (Wittr. ex Hirn) A.K.M.N. Islam et P. Sarma, Oedogonium gunnii Wittr. ex Hirn, Oedogonium khannae f. minus Gonzalves et S.C. Jain, Oedogonium nanum Wittr. ex Hirn, Oedogonium pratense Trans., Oedogonium rivulare A. Br. ex Hirn and Oedogonium vaucheri A. Br. ex Hirn. All those taxa were found to grow epiphytically on the leaves and stems of submerged hydrophytes as filaments in quiet lentic freshwater bodies after the end of rainy season. Twelve limnological parameters like temperature, pH, DO, BOD, COD, NO3-N, PO43-, Cl-, free CO2, TDS, total hardness and turbidity of algal habitats were analyzed and found conducive for their occurrence and growth up to maturity (formation of fertile structures). The result of limnological study also indicated that all these species preferred to grow alkaline pH, less turbid and hard water. Studied limnological parameters recorded as water temperature: 17.5 oC-20 oC, pH range from 7.1-7.6, high dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration 6.4-7.2 mg.L^-1, BOD values < 20.0 mg.L^-1, moderate COD values and lower nutrient levels with other parameters like Cl-, free CO2, TDS, turbidity as 6.8-9.0 NTU and also hard nature of water ranged from 120-204 mg.L^-1.