bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH WORD OF MOUTH, HARGA DAN LOKASI TERHADAPKEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN KONSUMEN RUMAH MAKAN BUKIT DURIAN WONOSALAM JOMBANG
Authors: Afwa Maulana syarif , Santoso Rohmad Prio
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak dari efek Word Of Mouth, harga dan lokasi terhadap keputusan pembelian di rumah makan bukit durian wonosalam jombang, baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu seluruh konsumen rumah makan bukit durian wonosalam, sampel di tentukan dengan Teknik sampling insidental, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 responden. Hasil dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa semua variable memiliki pengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Nilai Adjusted R Square dalam penelitian ini yakni sebesar 0,668 (68,8%) yang artinya variabel Word Of Mouth, harga, dan lokasi mempengaruhi variabel keputusan pembelian sebesar 0,668 (68,8%) sedangkan sisanya 33,2% dipengaruhi variabel lain yang tidak disebutkan pada penelitian ini.
Sistem Kontrol Mobile Robot Enam Roda Omni Wheels dengan Metode Position-Based Proportional
Authors: Amrullah Muhammad Imaduddien , Totok Winarno  , Gillang Al Azhar
Published: October 2024

Penggunaan robot identik dalam hal otomasi industri, seperti sebagai pemnidah barang. Fungsi robot yang umum diterapkan adalah mengubah posisi robot sesuai dengan posisi referensi, seperti pada mobile robot. Perubahan posisi robot harus mempertimbangkan berbagai parameter, seperti kecepatan perubahan posisi robot dan lintasan yang akan dilalui robot. Penentuan jumlah roda omni-wheels pada robot berpengaruh dalam kerentanan roda saat tergelincir akibat permukaan yang kurang datar. Ketika roda robot tergelincir, masalah tersebut akan menimbulkan gangguan dalam pergerakan robot untuk dapat mencapai tujuan. Dengan menggunakan enam roda omni-wheels, diharapkan mampu mengurangi tergelincirnya roda robot ketika melintasi permukaan yang kurang datar, sehingga pergerakan enam roda omni-wheels pada robot untuk mencapai tujuan akan lebih cepat. Selain itu, untuk mendukung pergerakan robot dalam mencapai tujuan lebih cepat, digunakan metode position-based proportional. Metode positon-based proportional memungkinkan dapat menyempurnakan kecepatan robot saat bergerak, dengan menyeimbangkan jarak tempuh tujuan dengan kecepatan robot. Skripsi ini akan membuat sebuah mobile robot enam roda omni-wheels dengan metode position-based proportional, sehingga diharapkan robot dapat bergerak dengan baik dari posisi awal ke posisi yang dituju
Penerapan Kalman Filter Pada Pembacaan Sensor Loadcell Berbasis PLC Siemens S7-1200
Authors: Jefry Setyo Fambudi  , Mat Syai’in  , Ryan Yudha Aditya
Published: October 2024

Peran sensor loadcell sangat penting dalam sistem penimbangan untuk mendapatkan informasi massa yang sesuai. Banyaknya permintaan sistem penimbang yang presisi saat ini dikembangan sistem penimbangan yang mampu bekerja secara otomatis dalam menimbang dengan hasil yang konsisten dan stabil. Kelemahan dari sensor loadcell adalah sistem pembacaan yang memiliki noise dan dinilai kurang stabil sehingga hasil penimbangan kurang akurat dan jauh dari nilai set point yang diterapkan. Kelemahan tersebut dapat diminimalisir menggunakan filter sinyal yaitu Kalman Filter. Berdasarkan observasi yang telah dilakukan dengan menerapkan rumus Kalman Filter mampu menimalkan noise secara optimal menggunakan perbandingan nilai Q = 1 dan R = 10000 yang mampu memberikan hasil filter yang lebih halus dan stabil. penerapan Kalman Filter pada PLC Siemens S7-1200 dengan nilai perbandingan Q dan R yang sama dapat memberikan hasil yang optimal dengan nilai rata-rata error hasil penimbangan antara menggunakan Kalman Filter dan tanpa menggunakan filter memiliki selisih sebesar 0,10% yang berarti Kalman Filter dapat diterapkan pada sistem penimbangan dapat menyaring noise secara optimal sehingga mendapatkan hasil penimbangan yang stabil dan konsisten.
Implementasi Kontrol Motor Pada Prototype Filtrasi Alami Menggunakan Sensor Flow Dan Ultrasonic
Authors: Dwi Rizky Anto  , Didik Sukoco  , Ii Munadhif
Published: October 2024

Peningkatan kebutuhan air bersih di perkotaan telah mendorong pengembangan teknologi filtrasi air yang lebih efisien. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi sistem filtrasi air yang menggabungkan sensor flow YF-B5, sensor ultrasonik, dan kontrol motor berbasis mikrokontroler ESP32. Tujuan utama adalah menciptakan sistem filtrasi yang efisien, akurat, adaptif, dan aman. Metodologi penelitian meliputi pengujian sensor flow dan ultrasonik, serta evaluasi performa sistem keseluruhan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sensor flow memiliki tingkat akurasi tinggi dengan rata-rata error 0,39%, sementara sensor ultrasonik mencapai akurasi dengan rata-rata error 0,1%. Pengujian sistem mendemonstrasikan hubungan langsung antara peningkatan frekuensi (5-50 Hz) dengan kecepatan motor (89,8-1464,5 Rpm) dan aliran air (158,5-364,7 L). Sensor ultrasonik berperan penting dalam mengontrol operasi motor, mematikannya saat ketinggian air mencapai batas aman. Kesimpulannya, integrasi teknologi sensor dan kontrol motor ini menghasilkan sistem filtrasi air yang efisien dan aman, membuka jalan bagi pengembangan teknologi filtrasi air yang lebih canggih untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air bersih yang meningkat di masyarakat modern.
Meningkatkan produksi punch dengan membuat Rangkaian heater automatic run pada proses departmen workshop PT. XYZ
Authors: SUTARDJO YUDHA WITANTO
Published: October 2024

Pada Produksi tahun 2023 dengan meningkatnya permintaan punch dari departemen produksi yang mengharuskan peningkatan produksi punch. Dari hasil kajian analisa team engineering dan kajian perhitungan proses produksi di departmen workshop PT. XYZ terdapat peluang perbaikan yaitu membuat model sistem otomatis dalam menghidupkan pemanas atau heater pada meja produksi punch. Untuk memastikan rangkaian heater automatic run dan berfungsi baik, ada beberapa tahapan proses dilakukan yaitu pengumpulan data dan survei lapangan, membuat gambar rancangan, Penyiapan bahan dan komponen, Pembuatan dan perakitan panel control dan Uji fungsi. Dari hasil pembuatan rangkaian heater automatic run setelah berfungsi dengan baik menunjukkan terdapat penambahan waktu efektif kerja, yang selama ini 2 jam dijadikan proses persiapan, sehingga efektifitas waktu 5 jam naik menjadi 7 jam, dengan penambahan jumlah produksi punch dalam 1 hari kerja dari 15 punch menjai 21 punch , naik 40% , dari  sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan penambahan rangkaian heater automatic run.
Metabolic engineering of hairy root cultures in Beta vulgaris for enhanced production of vanillin, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and vanillyl alcohol
Authors: Husain Zakir , Warsi Zafar Iqbal , Khan Sana , Mahendran Ganesan , Afroz Shama , Chandran Ashish , Kashyap Praveen Kumar , Khatoon Kahkashan , Parween Gazala , Tandon Sudeep , Rahman Laiq Ur
Published: October 2024

The flavor of vanilla is a complex blend of compounds, with vanillin as the most prominent, along with vanillyl alcohol and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. Natural vanillin extracted from vanilla beans is expensive, so researchers use heterologous synthesis to produce nature-identical vanillin in plant hosts. Consequently, alternative traditional farming and gathering methods are required to bridge the significant disparity between supply and demand. The current research successfully developed a method to induce hairy root formation from leaves. It integrated the Vanillin synthase (VpVAN) gene into transgenic hairy root lines of Beta vulgaris, synthesizing vanillin-related compounds. The presence of the VpVAN gene in transgenic roots was confirmed using PCR analysis. Additionally, RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated the expression of the VpVAN gene in the transgenic root lines. The transgenic hairy root clones H1, H2, and H5 showed enhanced vanillin production, vanillyl alcohol, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. Elicitation with methyl jasmonate (MJ) and salicylic acid (SA) further improved the production of these compounds in B. vulgaris hairy roots. The maximum hairy root biomass was observed after 60 days, with the maximum synthesis of vanillin and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid obtained from hairy root clones H5 and HR2, respectively. Vanillyl alcohol HR2 was obtained on the 45th day of cultivation. Elicitation with wound-associated hormone methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid enhanced the yield of vanillin, vanillyl alcohol, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, with a 215-fold increase in vanillin, a 13-fold increase in vanillyl alcohol, and a 21 fold increase in 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. The study results indicate that establishing transgenic hairy root cultures with the VpVAN gene is a promising alternative method for enhancing the production of vanilla flavor compounds such as vanillin, vanillyl alcohol, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. A cost-effective protocol has been developed to mass-produce phenolic compounds using a hairy root culture of B. vulgaris. This approach addresses the increasing demand for these substances while reducing the cost of natural vanillin production, making it suitable for industrial-scale applications.
Establishment of a platform based on dual RPA combined with CRISPR/Cas12a for the detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae and its KPC resistance gene
Authors: Tan Meiying , Yi Xueli , Liao Chuan , Zhou Zihan , Ren Baoyan , Liang Lina , Li Xuebin , Wei Guijiang
Published: October 2024

Carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) can cause serious hospital- and community-acquired infections. Treatment for CRKP infection is limited, resulting in prolonged hospitalization and high consultation costs. The KPC genotype has the highest detection rate of CRKP, and its mortality rate is higher than the overall mortality rate of CRKP. However, traditional testing methods have disadvantages such as long time and reliance on complex and sophisticated instruments, which are not conducive to rapid screening for CRKP. Therefore, this study aimed to establish a detection platform for early screening of CRKP so that effective antimicrobial therapy could be administered promptly to prevent the widespread spread of CRKP. We integrated dual RPA with CRISPR/Cas12a to establish a dual platform for the detection of K. pneumoniae (Kp) rcsA-specific gene and KPC resistance gene. Four result reading methods were established, including fluorescence detection (FD), blue light irradiation detection (BLID), ultraviolet irradiation detection (UID), and lateral flow test strips (LFTS). For the rcsA gene, the LOD of FD was 1 × 10 pg/μL, and the other three methods could detect 1 × 101 pg/μL of bacterial DNA. As for the KPC gene, four resultant readout methods were able to detect 1 × 102 pg/μL of bacterial DNA. In 59 clinical strains tested, the dual RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a detection of the rcsA had 100% sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy compared to the culture method. Compared with the drug sensitivity test, the sensitivity of dual RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a detection for the KPC was 85.71%, the specificity was 100%, and the accuracy was 94.92%. In summary, our dual RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a platform proved to be rapid, precise, and convenient for the efficient detection of Kp with KPC in the laboratory or at the point of care.
Evaluation of non-destructive testing and long-term durability of geopolymer aggregate concrete
Authors: Udhaya Kumar T. , Vinod Kumar M. , Salunkhe Sachin , Cep Robert
Published: October 2024

Recent advancements in concrete technology focus more on increasing strength than durability. Concrete with good durability will withstand adverse conditions like frost, chloride penetration, sulfate assault, alkali-aggregate reaction, steel corrosion, etc., which will lower the strength of the concrete. Strength is vital, but so is durability. The present study examined and discussed the durability parameters of conventional concrete made with geopolymer aggregate (GPA) as a partial substitute for natural aggregate. Strength studies in this research found that the optimal level of substitution for natural coarse aggregate by GPA was 100% replacement to produce the performing concrete. Replacement of natural coarse aggregate by geopolymer aggregate exhibits 9%–15% higher compressive strength than natural aggregate concrete. The findings reveal that concrete with 100% geopolymer aggregate exhibits a compressive strength increase of 9%–15% over that of concrete made with natural aggregates. Ultrasonic pulse velocity measurements for geopolymer aggregate concrete range between 4 km/s and 4.5 km/s, indicating good quality according to IS specifications. Additionally, Rebound Hammer test results further support the enhanced quality of geopolymer aggregate concrete. However, the porosity of geopolymer aggregates results in a sorptivity that is 10%–30% higher than that of natural aggregate concrete. Despite this, the increased resistance to acid and sulfate attacks is noted, attributed to the strong bonding between geopolymer aggregates and the cement matrix.
Fluorinated aggregated nanocarbon with high discharge voltage as cathode materials for alkali-metal primary batteries
Authors: Chen Huixin , Yan Ke , Zou Yan , Xia Qi , Kang Xiaoyu , Yue Hongjun , Chen Ding
Published: October 2024

Due to its exceptionally high theoretical energy density, fluorinated carbon has been recognized as a strong contender for the cathode material in lithium primary batteries particularly valued in aerospace and related industries. However, CFx cathode with high F/C ratio, which enables higher energy density, often suffer from inadequate rate capability and are unable to satisfy escalating demand. Furthermore, their intrinsic low discharge voltage imposes constraints on their applicability. In this study, a novel and high F/C ratio fluorinated carbon nanomaterials (FNC) enriched with semi-ionic C–F bonds is synthesized at a lower fluorination temperature, using aggregated nanocarbon as the precursor. The increased presence semi-ionic C–F bonds of the FNC enhances conductivity, thereby ameliorating ohmic polarization effects during initial discharge. In addition, the spherical shape and aggregated configuration of FNC facilitate the diffusion of Li+ to abundant active sites through continuous paths. Consequently, the FNC exhibits high discharge voltage of 3.15 V at 0.01C and superior rate capability in lithium primary batteries. At a high rate of 20C, power density of 33,694 W kg–1 and energy density of 1,250 Wh kg–1 are achieved. Moreover, FNC also demonstrates notable electrochemical performance in sodium/potassium-CFx primary batteries. This new-type alkali-metal/CFx primary batteries exhibit outstanding rate capability, rendering them with vast potential in high-power applications.
Campylobacter coli of porcine origin exhibits an open pan-genome within a single clonal complex: insights from comparative genomic analysis
Authors: Ghatak Sandeep , Milton Arockiasamy Arun Prince , Das Samir , Momin Kasanchi M. , Srinivas Kandhan , Pyngrope Daniel Aibor , Priya G. Bhuvana
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Although Campylobacter spp., including Campylobacter coli, have emerged as important zoonotic foodborne pathogens globally, the understanding of the genomic epidemiology of C. coli of porcine origin is limited.

Methods

As pigs are an important reservoir of C. coli, we analyzed C. coli genomes that were isolated (n = 3) from pigs and sequenced (this study) them along with all other C. coli genomes for which pig intestines, pig feces, and pigs were mentioned as sources in the NCBI database up to January 6, 2023. In this paper, we report the pan-genomic features, the multi-locus sequence types, the resistome, virulome, and mobilome, and the phylogenomic analysis of these organisms that were obtained from pigs.

Results and discussion

Our analysis revealed that, in addition to having an open pan-genome, majority (63%) of the typeable isolates of C. coli of pig origin belonged to a single clonal complex, ST-828. The resistome of these C. coli isolates was predominated by the genes tetO (53%), blaOXA-193 (49%), and APH (3′)-IIIa (21%); however, the virulome analysis revealed a core set of 37 virulence genes. Analysis of the mobile genetic elements in the genomes revealed wide diversity of the plasmids and bacteriophages, while 30 transposons were common to all genomes of C. coli of porcine origin. Phylogenomic analysis showed two discernible clusters comprising isolates originating from Japan and another set of isolates comprising mostly copies of a type strain stored in three different culture collections.
An ethical framework for trustworthy Neural Rendering applied in cultural heritage and creative industries
Authors: Stacchio Lorenzo , Balloni Emanuele , Gorgoglione Lucrezia , Mancini Adriano , Giovanola Benedetta , Tiribelli Simona , Zingaretti Primo
Published: October 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized various sectors, including Cultural Heritage (CH) and Creative Industries (CI), defining novel opportunities and challenges in preserving tangible and intangible human productions. In such a context, Neural Rendering (NR) paradigms play the pivotal role of 3D reconstructing objects or scenes by optimizing images depicting them. However, there is a lack of work examining the ethical concerns associated with its usage. Those are particularly relevant in scenarios where NR is applied to items protected by intellectual property rights, UNESCO-recognized heritage sites, or items critical for data-driven decisions. For this, we here outline the main ethical findings in this area and place them in a novel framework to guide stakeholders and developers through principles and risks associated with the use of NR in CH and CI. Such a framework examines AI's ethical principles, connected to NR, CH, and CI, supporting the definition of novel ethical guidelines.
Potential pathogenic roles of ferroptosis and cuproptosis in cadmium-induced or exacerbated cardiovascular complications in individuals with diabetes
Authors: Saedi Saman , Tan Yi , Watson Sara E. , Wintergerst Kupper A. , Cai Lu
Published: October 2024

Diabetes and its complications are major diseases that affect human health. Diabetic cardiovascular complications such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the major complications of diabetes, which are associated with the loss of cardiovascular cells. Pathogenically the role of ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death, and cuproptosis, a copper-dependent cell death has recently been receiving attention for the pathogenesis of diabetes and its cardiovascular complications. How exposure to environmental metals affects these two metal-dependent cell deaths in cardiovascular pathogenesis under diabetic and nondiabetic conditions remains largely unknown. As an omnipresent environmental metal, cadmium exposure can cause oxidative stress in the diabetic cardiomyocytes, leading to iron accumulation, glutathione depletion, lipid peroxidation, and finally exacerbate ferroptosis and disrupt the cardiac. Moreover, cadmium-induced hyperglycemia can enhance the circulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Excessive AGEs in diabetes promote the upregulation of copper importer solute carrier family 31 member 1 through activating transcription factor 3/transcription factor PU.1, thereby increasing intracellular Cu+ accumulation in cardiomyocytes and disturbing Cu+ homeostasis, leading to a decline of Fe–S cluster protein and reactive oxygen species accumulation in cardiomyocytes mitochondria. In this review, we summarize the available evidence and the most recent advances exploring the underlying mechanisms of ferroptosis and cuproptosis in CVDs and diabetic cardiovascular complications, to provide critical perspectives on the potential pathogenic roles of ferroptosis and cuproptosis in cadmium-induced or exacerbated cardiovascular complications in diabetic individuals.
Expert insights on managing harmful algal blooms
Authors: Goodrich Sarah , Canfield Katherine Nicole , Mulvaney Kate
Published: October 2024

Freshwater harmful algal blooms (HABs) are a global environmental, economic, social, and public health hazard. While there is an increasing understanding of the ecological considerations of HABs, there is limited understanding of human dimensions and management needs. We conducted semi-structured key informant interviews with 28 water managers and researchers to better understand how they perceive current management and to identify future management priorities in regard to HABs. For this study, we interviewed 31 key informants from three regions of the United States (New England, Ohio, and the Mountain West). We solicited insights across aspects of HABs management, including prevention, forecasting, monitoring, response, and communication. Nutrient management was the main consideration for the prevention of HAB events. Key informants noted that forecasting has the potential to be a valuable tool in the future but is not yet accurate enough at a local scale for widespread use. Monitoring was found to be implemented in varying ways across and even within the states and regions, with a need for more funding and standardization. HAB event responses vary greatly from chemical and physical treatments that suppress toxins to no-swim advisories, all with a mix of strengths and weaknesses. Finally, an increase in and improvement of communication efforts was identified as critical for reducing public health risks. These findings provide perceptions of current management practices and future plans while including opportunities to improve current freshwater HAB management efforts.
Women's mental health and COVID-19: increased vulnerability and inequalities
Authors: Arilha Margareth , Carvalho Adriana P. , Forster Thais A. , Rodrigues Carla V. M. , Briguglio Bianca , Serruya Suzanne J.
Published: October 2024

Introduction

The impact of COVID-19 on mental health has become a relevant object of research. Studies have demonstrated that women have experienced greater mental health challenges, highlighting the importance of public health systems to address women's specific needs.

Methods

This literature review explores the effects of the coronavirus pandemic on psychological distress among women, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of the subject and to explore how these research findings can guide public mental health care responses in crisis settings. A total of 131 studies were analyzed and four dimensions were discussed: study characteristics, factors impacting women's mental health in the pandemic setting, particularities of pregnancy and the postpartum period, and proposed interventions. Most studies exclusively addressed populations of adult women, predominantly during pregnancy and the postpartum period.

Results

Anxiety, depression, and stress were the most common outcomes. Lower education and income, preexisting mental health problems, and living alone or with children were risk factors for higher levels of anxiety and depression.

Discussion

A comprehensive care approach supported by public health policies and focused on intersectional factors, including race, socioeconomic status, and access to resources, is necessary to improve women's mental health care response in future crises.
Nutrient depletion and phytoplankton shifts driven by the Pearl River plume in the Taiwan Strait
Authors: Tong Zhuyin , Wang Changyun , Lin Lizhen , Ma Lingqi , Huang Bangqin
Published: October 2024

The intrusion of the Pearl River plume into the Taiwan Strait provides a unique case study that challenges traditional assumptions about the impacts of nutrient-rich river plumes on coastal phytoplankton communities. In this study, we conducted a detailed analysis of nutrient dynamics and phytoplankton composition within the Taiwan Strait, focusing on the effects of the Pearl River plume. Our findings reveal significant nutrient depletion, particularly of nitrogen, in the surface waters as the plume extends seaward, resulting in nitrogen limitation and a marked reduction in phytoplankton biomass. Vertical stratification within the Taiwan Strait creates distinct ecological niches, with the mid-layer supporting a deep chlorophyll maximum and the surface layer becoming dominated by the picophytoplankton Synechococcus. This shift from diatom-dominated communities to Synechococcus dominance has far-reaching implications for carbon cycling and food web dynamics in the region. Our results suggest that the Pearl River plume’s influence on the Taiwan Strait represents a departure from the typical nutrient enrichment associated with river plumes, highlighting the complexity of coastal biogeochemical processes.
Myasthenia gravis complicated with pulmonary infection by Nocardia cyriacigeorgica: a case report and literature review
Authors: Zuo Huifen , Ye Jiaqing , Li Chenfei , Li Shijie , Gu Jingxin , Dong Na , Zhao Yihan , Hao Jiahao , Song Minghui , Guo Yumei , Gao Weili , Zhao Zhenjun , Zhang Lijie
Published: October 2024

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease. Patients with MG due to compromised autoimmune regulation, progressive muscle weakness, and prolonged use of immunosuppressants and glucocorticoid, often present with concomitant infections. However, cases of MG complicated by Nocardia infection are rare. In this case, we report MG complicated with pulmonary infection by Nocardia cyriacigeorgica. A 71-year-old male farmer who was admitted for management of MG. After 7 weeks of treatment of MG, the patient reported improvement. However, clinical presentation, inflammatory markers, and imaging findings supported a diagnosis of pulmonary infection. To further elucidate the etiology, Nocardia was identified in sputum smear microscopy and sputum culture, with 16S rRNA gene sequencing confirming N. cyriacigeorgica. The patient was prescribed trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. After 1 month of treatment, clinical symptoms of MG and pulmonary nocardiosis showed significant improvement. Additionally, we searched PubMed for case reports of Nocardia cyriacigeorgica pulmonary infection from 2010 to 2024 and conducted a statistical analysis of the case information. This report aims to highlights the increased risk of pulmonary Nocardia infection in MG patients after the use of steroids and immunosuppressants, thereby enhancing clinical awareness.
Unveiling metabolo-genomic insights of potent antitumoral and antibiotic activity in Streptomyces sp. VB1 from Valparaíso Bay
Authors: Serna-Cardona Néstor , Zamora-Leiva Leonardo , Sánchez-Carvajal Eduardo , Claverías Fernanda P. , Cumsille Andrés , Pentón Karla Alexa , Vivanco Beatriz , Tietze Alesia , Tessini Catherine , Cámara Beatriz
Published: October 2024

Streptomyces sp. VB1, an actinomycete isolated from marine sediments in Valparaíso Bay, Chile, synthesizes antimicrobial and antiproliferative compounds. This study presents comprehensive metabolomics and comparative genomics analyses of strain VB1. LC-HRMS dereplication and Molecular Networking analysis of crude extracts identified antibiotics such as globomycin and daunorubicin, along with known and potentially novel members of the arylomycin family. These compounds exhibit activity against a range of clinically relevant bacterial and cancer cell lines. Phylogenomic analysis underscores the uniqueness of strain VB1, suggesting it represents a novel taxon. Such uniqueness is further supported by its Biosynthetic Novelty Index (BiNI) and BiG-SCAPE analysis of Gene Cluster Families (GCFs). Notably, two Biosynthetic Gene Clusters (BGCs) were found to be unique to VB1 compared to closely related strains: BGC #15, which encodes potentially novel anthracycline compounds with cancer cell growth inhibition properties, and BGC #28, which features a non-canonical configuration combining arylomycin, globomycin, and siamycin BGCs. This supercluster, the first described to consist of more than two adjacent and functional BGCs, co-produces at least three antimicrobial compounds from different antibiotic families. These findings highlight Streptomyces sp. VB1’s potential for discovering new bioactive molecules, positioning it as a promising candidate for further research.
Loss of C1q alters the auditory brainstem response
Authors: Chokr Sima M. , Bui-Tran Ashley , Cramer Karina S.
Published: October 2024

Neural circuits in the auditory brainstem compute interaural time and intensity differences used to determine the locations of sound sources. These circuits display features that are specialized for these functions. The projection from the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN) to the medial nucleus of the trapezoid (MNTB) body travels along highly myelinated fibers and terminates in the calyx of Held. This monoinnervating synapse emerges during development as multiple inputs are eliminated. We previously demonstrated that elimination of microglia with a colony stimulating factor-1 inhibitor results in impaired synaptic pruning so that multiple calyceal terminals reside on principal cells of MNTB. This inhibitor also resulted in impaired auditory brainstem responses (ABRs), with elevated thresholds and increased peak latencies. Loss of the microglial fractalkine receptor, CX3CR1, decreased peak latencies in the ABR. The mechanisms underlying these effects are not known. One prominent microglial signaling pathway involved in synaptic pruning and plasticity during development and aging is the C1q-initiated compliment cascade. Here we investigated the classical complement pathway initiator, C1q, in auditory brainstem maturation. We found that C1q expression is detected in the MNTB by the first postnatal week. C1q levels increased with age and were detected within microglia and surrounding the soma of MNTB principal neurons. Loss of C1q did not affect microglia-dependent calyceal pruning. Excitatory and inhibitory synaptic markers in the MNTB and LSO were not altered with C1q deletion. ABRs showed that C1q KO mice had normal hearing thresholds but shortened peak latencies. Altogether this study uncovers the developmental time frame of C1q expression in the sound localization pathway and shows a subtle functional consequence of C1q knockdown.
Risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with zoster-associated neuralgia who underwent interventional pain management
Authors: Yuan Junpeng , Yu Youjia , Liu Hong , Xu Huichan , Li Yan , Jin Xiaohong
Published: October 2024

Background

Zoster-associated neuralgia (ZAN) is recognized as a challenging neuralgia that often leads to poor prognosis in patients receiving interventional pain management. Identifying risk factors early can enable clinicians to develop personalized treatment plans; however, research in this area is limited.

Methods

We retrospectively screened all patients with ZAN who received interventional therapy in the Pain Department of Soochow University First Affiliated Hospital from January 1, 2022 to August 31, 2023. Data on patient demographics, medical history, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), clinical scoring, and treatment methods were collected. Interventional therapy included short-term nerve electrical stimulation (st-NES), pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) and radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RF-TC). Patients were categorized into poor prognosis and control groups based on outcomes 3 months post-discharge. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for poor prognosis.

Results

The final analysis included 282 patients. The rate of poor prognosis was 32.6% (92/282). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age ≥ 65 years (odds ratio, 2.985; 95% confidence interval, 1.449–6.148; p = 0.003), disease duration >3 months (odds ratio, 3.135; 95% confidence interval, 1.685–5.832; p < 0.001), head and face pain (odds ratio, 3.140; 95% confidence interval, 1.557–6.330; p = 0.001), use of immunosuppressants (odds ratio, 2.737; 95% confidence interval, 1.168–6.416; p = 0.021), higher NLR (odds ratio, 1.454; 95% confidence interval, 1.233–1.715; p < 0.001), PRF (st-NES as reference) (odds ratio, 2.324; 95% confidence interval, 1.116–4.844; p = 0.024) and RF-TC (st-NES as reference) (odds ratio, 5.028; 95% confidence interval, 2.139–11.820; p < 0.001) were found to be independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with ZAN who underwent interventional pain management.

Conclusion

Age ≥ 65 years (odds ratio, 2.985; 95% confidence interval, 1.449–6.148; p = 0.003), disease duration >3 months (odds ratio, 3.135; 95% confidence interval, 1.685–5.832; p < 0.001), head and face pain (odds ratio, 3.140; 95% confidence interval, 1.557–6.330; p = 0.001), immunosuppressants use (odds ratio, 2.737; 95% confidence interval, 1.168–6.416; p = 0.021), higher NLR (odds ratio, 1.454; 95% confidence interval, 1.233–1.715; p < 0.001), PRF (odds ratio, 2.324; 95% confidence interval, 1.116–4.844; p = 0.024) and RF-TC (odds ratio, 5.028; 95% confidence interval, 2.139–11.820; p < 0.001) were identified as independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with ZAN who underwent interventional pain management.
Dietary astragalin confers protection against lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal mucosal barrier damage through mitigating inflammation and modulating intestinal microbiota
Authors: Tang Enhui , Lin Huan , Yang Yihao , Xu Jiawen , Lin Baiwen , Yang Yang , Huang Zijian , Wu Xinlan
Published: October 2024

Introduction

The intestinal mucosal barrier (IMB) damage is intricately linked with the onset of numerous intestinal diseases. Astragalin (AS), a flavonoid present in numerous edible plants, exhibits notable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, demonstrating a promising impact on certain intestinal ailments. In this study, our objective was to investigate the protective effects of AS and elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which it mitigates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced damage to the IMB in mice.

Methods

During the experimental period, mice were subjected to a 7-day regimen of AS treatment, followed by LPS injection to induce IMB damage. Subsequently, a comprehensive evaluation of relevant biological indicators was conducted, including intestinal pathological analysis, serum inflammatory factors, intestinal tight junction proteins, and intestinal microbiota composition.

Results

Our results suggested that AS treatment significantly bolstered IMB function. This was evidenced by the enhanced morphology of the small intestine and the elevated expression of tight junction proteins, including ZO-1 and Claudin-1, in addition to increased levels of MUC2 mucin. Moreover, the administration of AS demonstrated a mitigating effect on intestinal inflammation, as indicated by the reduced plasma concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Furthermore, AS treatment exerted a positive influence on the composition of the gut microbiota, primarily by augmenting the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria (including Lachnospiracea and Lactobacillus murinus), while simultaneously reducing the prevalence of the harmful bacterium Mucispirillum schaedleri.

Conclusion

AS mitigates LPS-induced IMB damage via mitigating inflammation and modulating intestinal microbiota.
A guide to global access to HPV vaccination to all women in low- and middle-income countries; a minireview of innovation and equity
Authors: Ewongwo Agnes , Sahor Aji Fatou , Ngwa Wilfred , Nwachukwu Chika
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Cervical cancer is caused by the human papillomavirus (HV), and accounts for more than 311,000 preventable deaths annually, with 85% occurring in low-and middle-income countries. Despite being preventable through screening and screening, significant barriers to implementing HPV vaccination persist in developing nations. This review study aims to identify these barriers and propose innovative, evidence-based solutions to improve vaccination rates and reduce cervical cancer mortality.

Methods

A systematic review search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews. Keywords related to HPV vaccination barriers and implementation strategies in developing countries were used. Relevant demonstration projects, pilot studies, and evidence-based research articles were reviewed.

Results

Identifiable barriers to a successful vaccine implementation program in a developing country include vaccine costs, societal, cultural resistance, misinformation, logistical challenges in vaccine delivery, and inadequate human resources. Solutions to these barriers include a subsidized vaccine pricing, community sensitization, education and well-trained media professionals to dispel misinformation, and partnerships with both public and private sector for efficient vaccine distribution.

Discussion

These findings highlight critical barriers that impede HPV vaccination efforts in developing countries and offers practical solutions to overcome these challenges. This aggregate of data can help inform future developing countries’ implementation programs to further the World Health Assembly mission to vaccinate 90% of eligible girls globally by 2030.
Salidroside may target PPARα to exert preventive and therapeutic activities on NASH
Authors: Chu Xueru , Liu Shousheng , Qu Baozhen , Xin Yongning , Lu Linlin
Published: October 2024

Background

Salidroside (SDS), a phenylpropanoid glycoside, is an antioxidant component isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Rhodiola rosea and has multifunctional bioactivities, particularly possessing potent hepatoprotective function. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases worldwide, but it still lacks efficient drugs. This study aimed to assess the preventive and therapeutic effects of SDS on NASH and its underlying mechanisms in a mouse model subjected to a methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet.

Methods

C57BL/6J mice were fed an MCD diet to induce NASH. During or after the formation of the MCD-induced NASH model, SDS (24 mg/kg/day) was supplied as a form of diet for 4 weeks. The histopathological changes were evaluated by H&E staining. Oil Red O staining and Sirius Red staining were used to quantitatively determine the lipid accumulation and collagen fibers in the liver. Serum lipid and liver enzyme levels were measured. The morphology of autophagic vesicles and autophagosomes was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect autophagy-related factor levels. Immunohistochemistry and TUNEL staining were used to evaluate the apoptosis of liver tissues. Flow cytometry was used to detect the composition of immune cells. ELISA was used to evaluate the expression of serum inflammatory factors. Transcript–proteome sequencing, molecular docking, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting were performed to explore the mechanism and target of SDS in NASH.

Results

The oral administration of SDS demonstrated comprehensive efficacy in NASH. SDS showed both promising preventive and therapeutic effects on NASH in vivo. SDS could upregulate autophagy, downregulate apoptosis, rebalance immunity, and alleviate inflammation to exert anti-NASH properties. Finally, the results of transcript–proteome sequencing, molecular docking evaluation, and experimental validation showed that SDS might exert its multiple effects through targeting PPARα.

Conclusion

Our findings revealed that SDS could regulate liver autophagy and apoptosis, regulating both innate immunity and adaptive immunity and alleviating inflammation in NASH prevention and therapy via the PPAR pathway, suggesting that SDS could be a potential anti-NASH drug in the future.
Distraction by unexpected sounds: comparing response repetition and response switching
Authors: García-López Elena , Parmentier Fabrice B. R.
Published: October 2024

Numerous studies using oddball tasks have shown that unexpected sounds presented in a predictable or repeated sequence (deviant vs. standard sounds) capture attention and negatively impact ongoing behavioral performance. Here, we examine an aspect of this effect that has gone relatively unnoticed: the impact of deviant sounds is stronger for response repetitions than for response switches. Our approach was two-fold. First, we carried out a simulation to estimate the likelihood that stimuli sequences used in past work may not have used balanced proportions of response repetition and switch trials. More specifically, we sought to determine whether the larger distraction effect for response repetitions may have reflected a rarer, and thereby more surprising, occurrence of such trials. To do so, we simulated 10,000 stimuli sets for a 2-AFC task with a proportion of deviant trial of 0.1 or 0.16. Second, we carried out a 2-AFC oddball task in which participants judged the duration of a tone (short vs. long). We carefully controlled the sequence of stimuli to ensure to balance the proportions of response repetitions and response switches across the standard and deviant conditions. The results of the stimuli simulation showed that, contrary to our concerns, response switches were more likely than response repetitions when left uncontrolled for. This suggests that the larger distraction found for response repetition in past work may in fact have been underestimated. In the tone duration judgment task, the results showed a large impact of the response type on distraction as measured by response times: Deviants sounds significantly delayed response repetitions but notably accelerated switches. These findings suggest that deviant sound hinder response repetition and encourage or bias the cognitive system towards a change of responses. We discuss these findings in relation to the adaptive nature of the involuntary detection of unexpected stimuli and in relation to the notion of partial repetition costs. We argue that results are in line with the binding account as well as with the signaling theory.
Exploring factors affecting nurse anxiety in Northwest Ethiopia: a multicenter study
Authors: Misganaw Adane , Hailu Mignot , Bayleyegn Gashachew , Aderaw Mekidem , Yigzaw Zeamanuel Anteneh , Alemu Tihtna , Asmare Lakew
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Anxiety is a commonly reported mental health disorder that significantly contributes to the global burden of disease. However, proper counseling, problem-solving strategies, and promotion of healthy lifestyle practices have a positive effect on reducing nurse anxiety, but there is limited evidence in Ethiopia, particularly in this study area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and identify factors affecting nurse anxiety in Northwest Ethiopia’s comprehensive specialized hospitals.

Methods

An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 746 study participants from April 14 to May 20, 2023. A simple random sampling technique was used. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used. Data were entered into EpiData version 4.6.0 and exported to STATA version 17 for analysis. In binary logistic regression, variables with a p-value of less than 0.25 were considered candidates for multivariable logistic regression. An association was declared at a p-value of less than 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval.

Result

In this study, the prevalence of anxiety was 33.9%. Thus, being female [adjusted odds ratios (AOR) = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.08, 2.22], working in an emergency department (AOR = 3.65, 95% CI = 1.83, 7.28), working night duty shifts (AOR = 3.12, 95% CI = 2.19, 4.46), having conflict with coworkers (AOR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.14, 2.51), and having poor social support (AOR = 2.13, 95% CI = 1.23, 3.69) were variables significantly associated with anxiety.

Conclusion

This study revealed that one-third of nurses experienced anxiety, which is a critical indicator of mental health within this population. Important factors that were found to be significantly associated with anxiety include being female, working in the emergency department, having a conflict with coworkers, having poor social support, and working night duty shifts. These findings show the need for the implementation of counseling services and the adaptation of effective coping strategies for nurses working at comprehensive specialized hospitals. Understanding the impact of anxiety on nurses is important to design interventions aimed at improving their mental health and job satisfaction.
Analysis of the global burden of cardiovascular diseases linked to exposure to ambient particulate matter pollution from 1990 to 2019
Authors: Zou Binbin , Wu Ping , Luo Juan , Li Le , Zhou Ming
Published: October 2024

Background

This research endeavors to scrutinize the temporal trends and global burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) associated with ambient particulate matter (PM) pollution spanning from 1990 to 2019.

Methods

Age-standardized death rates (ASDRs) and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for CVDs, as well as their estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs), were calculated using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019).

Results

The global ASDR and age-standardized DALYs due to CVDs associated with PM pollution increased from 1990 to 2019, with a higher increase in males. The burden was higher among middle-aged and older adults. The ASDR and DALYs increased in low-Socio-demographic Index (SDI), low–middle-SDI, and middle-SDI countries, while they decreased in high-SDI countries. The highest burden was observed in Central Asia, North Africa, the Middle East, East Asia, and South Asia. The highest burdens were reported in Iraq, Egypt, and Uzbekistan at the national level.

Conclusion

The burden of CVDs linked to PM pollution has grown significantly from 1990 to 2019, with variations across regions and countries, highlighting the need for targeted prevention and pollution management strategies.
Mediastinal drainage combined with upper mediastinal re-tunneling vs. mediastinal drainage alone in McKeown esophagectomy of esophageal cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Dai Lei , Tan Xiang , Chen Mingwu , Peng Huajian , Wang Yongyong
Published: October 2024

Background

Although mediastinal drainage may lower the risk of anastomotic leakage, the incident rate of anastomotic leakage is still high. The current study aimed to compare the effects of mediastinal drainage combined with upper mediastinal re-tunneling with mediastinal drainage only on anastomotic leakage after McKeown esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.

Methods

From October 2018 to March 2021, 52 patients diagnosed as esophageal carcinoma were included in the study. 21 patients received mediastinal drainage combined with upper mediastinal re-tunneling (re-tunneling group) and 31 received mediastinal drainage only (standard group) after McKeown esophagectomy. The incidence rate of anastomotic leakage, mediastinal infection, chylothorax, thoracic infection, the peak value of leukocyte count and the mortality related to anastomotic leakage were compared between the two groups.

Results

One (4.8%) patient in the re-tunneling group developed anastomotic leakage, and no patient experienced mediastinal infection or thoracic infection. Four (12.9%) patients in the standard group developed anastomotic leakage, and all these patients experienced mediastinal infection and thoracic infection (p < 0.05). The drainage volumes of patients in the re-tunneling group and the standard group were (170 ± 60) ml and (155 ± 45) ml, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). The peak values of leukocyte count and temperature in the re-tunneling group were (14.28 ± 1.12) × 109/L and (38.6 ± 1.1) °C, both lower than that of the standard group[ (16.48 ± 1.15) × 109/L and (38.9 ± 1.2) °C, respectively]. But the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). No anastomotic leakage related death occurred in both groups.

Conclusion

Mediastinal drainage combined with upper mediastinal re-tunneling after McKeown esophagectomy for esophageal cancer may decrease the risk of anastomotic leakage, mediastinal and thoracic infection, reduce the inflammatory response of patients, but did not increase the mortality related to anastomotic leakage.

Trial registration

The study was retrospectively registered.