bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The associations between cytokine levels and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients after surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yan Yamin , Wang Xiaorong , Hu Yan , Yu Zhenghong , Tang Yingjia , Li Jingjing , Mei Jinghua , Pan Wenyan , Zhang Yuxia
Published: April 2020

Background

The associations of serum cytokine levels and critically ill patient outcomes after surgery remain unclear. The use of cytokine markers to predict outcomes in critically ill patients is controversial.
Objective

To determine the levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α and procalcitonin in critical surgical ICU (SICU) patients and evaluate their associations with patient outcome and clinical significance.
Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients admitted to the SICU in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University. The program ran from January 1, 2018, to June 30, 2019. The levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α and procalcitonin were detected, and their relationship with patient outcomes was investigated. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality, compared by a multivariable logistic regression analysis among the survivors and nonsurvivors.
Results

Overall, 5,257 patients were included in this study for their first SICU admission; 5,099 patients survived, 158 patients died, and the mortality rate was 3.0% (158/5,257). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that nonsurvivors had increased levels of IL-1β (OR = 1.855, P = 0.000) and IL-2 (OR = 1.51, P = 0.000) compared with survivors. In addition, 196 patients (3.7%) were readmitted to the SICU, and data from 187 patients were collected. Of these, 161 patients survived, and 26 patients died; the mortality rate was 13.9% (26/187), which was much higher than that of the first round of patients. The level of IL-2 significantly influenced SICU readmission (OR = 3.921, P = 0.000). For the third round of SICU admission, 10 patients were included, 7 patients survived, and 3 patients died; the mortality rate was 30.0% (3/10). Furthermore, older age, longer time of SICU stay, and higher rate of mechanical ventilation and CRRT were associated with patient death.
Conclusions

High levels of cytokines may be risk factors for mortality and SICU readmission in critically ill patients who receive surgery. Further work is still needed to determine which unmeasured characteristics and therapies may contribute to the increased risk observed.
Survival Outcomes in Unresectable Metastatic Rectal Cancer Patients after both Primary Site Resection and Chemoradiotherapy: A Population-based Study
Authors: Chen Jianan , Liu Zheng , Yang Ming , Ma Chenxi , Pei Wei , Wang Zheng , Liu Qian , Yu Jun
Published: April 2020

Background: The liver is the most common site for rectal cancer metastases and metastases to the liver is the major cause of death. A significant proportion of liver metastases cannot surgically remove. However, very limited data are available in the literature regarding the survival outcomes of these patients. This study aims to investigate the survival pattern of unresectable metastatic rectal cancer patients after both chemoradiotherapy and primary tumor resection.Methods: A total of 51178 rectal cancer patients were identified from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, of whom 448 patients were with synchronous liver metastasis and underwent both chemoradiotherapy and primary site resection. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare the survival differences between the two groups. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyses independent prognostic factors and exact 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results: Among the 448 metastatic rectal cancer patients with both chemoradiotherapy and primary site resection, 270 (60.3%) patients were undergone hepatic resection. The mean survival, 2-year overall survival, 5-year overall survival were 37.0 months, 68.5%, 32.9% among patients who did not undergo hepatic resection compared with 56.0 months, 87.4%, 48.0% among patients who underwent hepatic resection (P<0.001). The multivariate Cox regression analysis suggested that male, poor histological type and lack of hepatic resection were independently associated with poor overall survival (all p<0.05).Conclusions: Primary site resection and chemoradiotherapy might be able to accomplish a satisfying survival outcome in unresectable metastatic rectal cancer patients. Non-hepatic resection is the strongest risk factor associated with poor prognosis.
The development of a multilevel intervention to optimise participant engagement with an obesity prevention programme delivered in children’s centres
Authors: Burton Wendy , Sahota Pinki , Twiddy Maureen , Brown Julia , Bryant Maria
Published: April 2020

Background

Poor participant engagement threatens the potential impact and cost effectiveness of public health programmes preventing meaningful evaluation and wider application. Although barriers and levers to participant engagement with public health programmes are well documented, there is a lack of proven strategies in the literature addressing these in order to promote recruitment and retention. This paper details the development of a participant engagement intervention aimed at promoting enrolment and retention to a community based pre-school obesity prevention programme delivered in UK children’s centres; HENRY (Health, Exercise, Nutrition for the Really Young).
Methods

The behaviour change wheel framework was used to guide the development of the participant engagement intervention. The findings of a coinciding focused ethnography study identified barriers and levers to participant engagement with HENRY that informed which behaviours should be targeted within the intervention to promote recruitment and retention. A COM-B behavioural analysis was undertaken to identify whether capability, opportunity or motivation would need to be influenced in order for the target behaviours to occur. APEASE criteria was then used to agree on appropriate intervention function and behaviour change techniques.
Results

A multi-level participant engagement intervention was developed that aimed to change behaviours across the children’s centre context; including local authority commissioners, children’s centre managers and staff. The intervention components included improved reporting of HENRY outcomes, centre manager training sessions, additional support provided to staff members involved in recruitment to the programme and refresher training for the facilitators of HENRY.
Conclusions

This paper describes one of the first attempts to develop a theory based multi-level participant engagement intervention specifically designed to promote recruitment and retention to a community based obesity prevention programme. Given the challenges to implementing public health programmes with sufficient reach, the process used to develop the intervention serves as an example of how programmes that are already widely commissioned could be optimised to enable greater impact.
The missing link to sustainable participation in community-based physical activity after rehabilitation: a qualitative study about experiences of immigrant parents and their children with disabilities
Authors: Arfa Shahrzad , Solvang Per Koren , Berg Berit , Jahnsen Reidun
Published: April 2020

Background: Children with immigrant backgrounds and disabilities have lower rates of social participation compared with their nonimmigrant counterparts. However, rehabilitation programs offer an opportunity to promote a physically active lifestyle and increase home and community participation of children with physical disabilities. The purpose of this study was to explore immigrant families’ experiences of participation and associated challenges and/or facilitators in the local community after taking part in a participation-focused rehabilitation program in Norway. By generating knowledge about immigrant families’ experiences, this study suggests how to promote sustainable participation after rehabilitation among immigrant children with disabilities.Methods: The study used a qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews to explore the experiences of immigrant parents and their children with disabilities. The interviews were analyzed using an inductive thematic analytic approach.Results: Immigrant families’ experiences of participation in the local community after rehabilitation varied. Whereas some experienced improvements in their activity and participation habits, others expressed that they reverted to their old habits. Families’ experiences showed how facing several challenges in the local community affected participation patterns among the children. The costs and lack of information, necessary skills, and local activities were among the barriers they experienced. Families’ experiences revealed that local and rehabilitation professionals were not always aware of or prepared to address the challenges faced by families trying to become physically active. Parents expressed their needs for support and continuation of services after rehabilitation for moving towards an active lifestyle. Participation patterns among children highlighted the potential role of support contacts as facilitators for participation in physical activities among the families.Conclusions: The findings reveal that continuity of services from rehabilitation centers to local communities remains a challenge despite the health authorities’ ideal of providing sustainable and continuous services after rehabilitation. Establishing an efficient collaboration between local and rehabilitation professionals with identifying potential future challenges, adjusting the interventions, clarifying roles and responsibilities, and providing supportive follow-up services may be the missing link to sustainable community-based participation.
Influence of nanoparticles in polanga (calophyllum inophyllum) biodiesel operated in an unmodified diesel engine
Authors: Venu Harish , Appavu Prabhu
Published: April 2020

The current research work emphases on analysing the characteristics of combustion, performance, and emissions of Polanga Biodiesel (PBD) fuelled single cylinder diesel engine with Al2O3 nano-additives added at concentration of 25 ppm and 50 ppm. The results were compared with the baseline diesel fuel at varying engine loads (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) in a agriculture based single cylinder diesel engine of 17.5 Compression ratio at constant engine speed of 1500 rpm. Al2O3 nano-additives were blended with PBD using magnetic stirrer and ultrasonicator. Experimentation results revealed that, the nanoparticles addition in PBD improved the combustion and emission characteristics of base fuel due to higher surface area to volume ratio of nano-additives. Moreover, Al2O3 nanoparticles addition enhanced the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and lowered the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) by 6.58% and 7.38% respectively. Subsequently, the emissions of HC, CO, NOx and smoke opacity were improved with the addition of fuel borne additives in PBD owing to improved combustion efficiency.
Effect of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations on endometrial carcinoma survival rates
Authors: Wang Aifen , Holloway Robert W , Zhao Zihan , Zhang Ziyue
Published: April 2020

Background: To evaluate Effect of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations on endometrial carcinoma survival rates. Methods : Data were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas endometrial cancer database for pathogenic mutations in BRCA1 (58) and BRCA2 (77), coexisting BRCA1 /2 mutations (40), and non-mutations (461). Clinicopathological features and survival rates were compared. Survival time was analyzed using combined data and Cox proportional hazard models, with BRCA1 and BRCA2 as time-varying covariates. Results: Patients with BRCA1 mutations presented with higher risk disease (endometrioid endometrial carcinoma grade 3 and uterine serous carcinoma) than non-carriers and BRCA2 mutation carriers ( p = 0.005 non carriers vs BRCA1 mutation carriers, p = 0.008 BRCA1 mutation carriers vs BRCA2 mutation carriers). BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers tended to have more endometrioid endometrial carcinoma grade 3 than non-carrier group. Overall survival (OS) rates were higher for all patients with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations than non-carriers. Patients with BRCA2 mutations had the most favorable progression-free survival (PFS), followed by patients with BRCA1 and BRCA2 co-mutations, and then BRCA1 alteration carriers ( p = 0.011). BRCA1/2 non-carriers had the worst PFS and OS. Conclusions: Patients with BRCA1 mutations presented with higher risk disease than non-carriers and BRCA2 mutation carriers. BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers had more favorable OS and PFS than non- BRCA mutation carriers in patients with endometrioid endometrial carcinoma and uterine serous carcinoma.
Study on the Mechanism of Buyang Huanwu Decoction for the treatment of Ischemic Stroke Based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: Wang Kai , Lei Lu , Cao Jinyi , Qiao Yi , Liang Ruimin , Duan Jialin , Feng Zhijun , Ding Yi , Ma Yang , Zhang Enhu , Yang Zhifu
Published: April 2020

Background: Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD) is one of the representative prescriptions for tonifying qi and promoting blood circulation. This formula has been widely used in Chinese clinical practice for treatment and prevention of ischemic cerebral vascular diseases. However, the mechanism and active compounds of BYHWD used in clinical practice for ischemic stroke are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to understand the potential active components of BYHWD and further explore its mechanism of improving ischemic stroke. Methods: This study was based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics analysis. The compounds of BYHWD were obtained from public databases. Oral bioavailability as well as drug-likeness were screened by using absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) criteria. Then, components of BYHWD, candidate targets of each component and known therapeutic targets of ischemic cerebral were collected. A network of compound-target genes and compound-ischemic cerebral was established by means of network pharmacology data sources. The enrichment of key targets and pathways was analyzed by using string database and DAVID database. In addition, we verified three key targets predicted by western blot analysis (IL6, VEGFA and HIF1A). Results: Network pharmacology analysis results of BYHWD identified 7 herbs, 42 compounds and 79 target genes associated to cerebral ischemia. The 10 key compounds were baicalein, beta-carotene, Baicalin, kaempferol, luteolin, quercetin, hydroxysafflor yellow A, isorhamnetin, Bifendate, formononetin,Calycosin, AstragalosideIV, Stigmasterol, sitosterol, Z-ligustilide, Dihydrocapsaicin. Core genes in this network were IL6, TNF, VEGFA, HIF1A, MAPK1, MAPK3, JUN, STAT3, IL1B and IL10. And pathways TNF, IL-17, Apoptosis, PI3K-Akt, Toll-like receptor, MAPK, NF-kappa B and HIF-1 signaling pathway, etc. related to ischemic stroke were identified. In vitro experiments, The results showed that compared with the control group (no treatment), BYHWD could significantly inhibit the expression of IL6 and increased the expression of HIF1A and VEGFA. Conclusions: Network pharmacology analysis can reveal close interactions between multi-components and multi-targets, and enhance our understanding of the potential effects of BYHWD in cerebral ischemia.
Prognostic Nomogram Incorporating Immunohistochemical Results for the Overall Survival of Patients with Bladder Cancer.
Authors: Wang Tianwei , Wang Yunyan
Published: April 2020

Objectives: In this study, we want to combine GATA3, VEGF, EGFR and Ki67 with clinical information to develop and validate a prognostic nomogram for bladder cancer.Methods: A total of 188 patients with clinical information and immunohistochemistry were enrolled in this study, from 1996 to 2018. Univariable and multivariable cox regression analysis was applied to identify risk factors for nomogram of overall survival (OS). The calibration of the nomogram was performed and the Area Under Curve (AUC) was calculated to assess the performance of the nomogram. Internal validation was performed with the validation cohort., the calibration curve and the AUC were calculated simultaneously.Results: Univariable and multivariable analysis showed that age (HR: 2.229; 95% CI: 1.162-4.274; P=0.016), histology (HR: 0.320; 95% CI: 0.136-0.751; P=0.009), GATA3 (HR: 0.348; 95% CI: 0.171-0.709; P=0.004), VEGF (HR: 2.295; 95% CI: 1.225-4.301; P=0.010) and grade (HR: 4.938; 95% CI: 1.339-18.207; P=0.016) remained as independent risk factors for OS. The age, histology, grade, GATA3 and VEGF were included to build the nomogram. The accuracy of the risk model was further verified with the C-index. The C-index were 0.65 (95% CI, 0.58-0.72) and 0.58 (95% CI, 0.46-0.70) in the training and validation cohort respectively. Conclusions: A combination of clinical variables with immunohistochemical results based nomogram would predict the overall survival of patients with bladder cancer.
A Qualitative Study of User Perspectives on Outcomes of Orthotic Interventions
Authors: Hall Natalie , Parker Daniel , Williams Anita Ellen
Published: April 2020

Background: Orthotic services offer various health benefits and it is estimated that for every £1 spent on orthotic care the savings to the NHS are up to £4. Several reports into orthotic services in the UK have reported a lack of data relating to outcomes of orthotic care. This lack of data means it is difficult to demonstrate the overall efficacy of orthotic services. There is also lack of clarity about the influences on positive outcomes and we do not know what outcomes are relevant to users. This qualitative study aimed to explore the influences on outcomes of orthotic interventions and opinions on outcome measurement from the user’s perspective. Method: An advisory group involving experts in the field along with a review of the literature was conducted. From this, semi-structured questions were developed, ethical approval obtained, and a focus group was undertaken with five users. Data was transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis.Results: The participants expressed a need for orthotic provision which enables them to function physically and psychologically in the context of all life’s activities. Current practice neglects the impact of altered body image and there is dissatisfaction related to waiting times, impacting on their desired outcomes. However, they expressed positive thoughts about the patient professional relationship and being involved in decision making. They identified fundamental issues around usability of three current outcome measure tools with no one outcome measurement tool being suitable for their complex conditions and interventions. Conclusions: Communication of the clinicians understanding about the physical, psychological and socio-economic impact of living with a chronic condition, being involved in decision making, continuity of care and timeliness of provision were identified as key factors influencing positive health outcomes. Due to the complexity of conditions presenting to orthotic services it would seem that there needs to be a range of outcome measures specific to the user’s condition and the orthoses provided for it. Mutually agreed and individualised goal setting may be a solution that ensure the user can self-monitor positive health gains and services can provide evidence for effective outcomes.
Does massive bowel resection in newborns affect further immunity in children ?
Authors: Sznurkowska Katarzyna , Borkowska Anna , Jankowska Agnieszka , Malanowska Magdalena , Zagierski Maciej , Zieliński Maciej , Trzonkowski Piotr , Czauderna Piotr , Łosin Marcin , Sidorkiewicz Agnieszka Szlagatys
Published: April 2020

Background

Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is defined as the a malabsorptive condition most often caused by massive resection of the small intestine. In children most cases of SBS originate in the newborn period and result from congenital anomalies or necrotizing enterocolitis. Loss of gut mucosa during resection does not only mean loss of absorption surface, but also deprives organism of many immunocompetent cells concentrated in gut associated lymphoid tissue, which is regarded the largest immune organ in humans.
Aim of the study:

We have aimed to access the influence of bowel resection on adaptive immunity in children, basing on peripheral lymphocyte populations and serum immunoglobulins.
Patients and methods:

18 children, who underwent bowel resection in the first month of life and required further home parenteral nutrition were enrolled into the study. 12 healthy children, constituted control group. Based on flow cytometry the following subpopulations of lymphocytes were evaluated: T, B, NK, CD4+, C8 + and activated T cells. Serum immunoglobulins were determined with the use of immunoturbidimetric method.
Results

The percentage of B lymphocytes was reduced, while the rates of lymphocytes T and CD8 + lymphocytes were higher compared to healthy children. We documented significantly lower absolute count and proportion of NK cells in SBS group than in the control group. Absolute counts of lymphocytes, lymphocytes B, T, CD4 + and percentages of lymphocytes CD4+, and activated T cells inversely correlated with the time after resection. No statistically significant differences were found between the levels of IgA, IgM and IgG in the studied and the control group
Conclusions

Children with SBS do not present with clinical signs of immunodeficiency as well as deficits in peripheral lymphocyte populations and serum immunoglobulins. Lower number of NK cells in SBS patients compared to healthy children needs to be verified in larger cohort. The tendency of the lymphocyte subpopulations to decrease over time after resection points out the necessity for longer follow- up.
Retrospective analysis of the clinical features of outpatients with novel coronavirus in areas outside Wuhan, China
Authors: Li Yong-Tao , Peng Mei-Lian , Fu Jia-dan , Liu Li , Guo Yong-zheng , Huang Jian-Rong , Sheng Ji-Fang , Li Lan-Juan , Xu Kai-jin
Published: April 2020

Objective: The novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) has spread rapidly across the globe with the movement of people. How to diagnose COVID-19 quickly and accurately is a concern for all. We retrospectively assessed the clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 detected by outpatient screening in areas outside Wuhan, China, to guide early screening outside the epidemic area, to isolate and treat COVID-19-positive patients, and to control the spread of this virus in the region.Results: Among the 213 patients treated in the fever clinic of our hospital, 41 tested positive for novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and 172 were negative. Among the positive patients, 13 (31.7%) of the patients had been to Wuhan, while 28 (68.3%) had not been to Wuhan. There were 4 cases of clustering occurrence. The main symptoms exhibited by COVID-19-positive patients were fever (87.8%), cough (68.3%), and expectoration (34.1%). The C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were increased in 35 (85.3%) positive patients; the hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase in the myocardial zymogram was increased in 22 positive patients (53.6%) and 38 negative patients (22.1%); computed tomography (CT) findings revealed lung lesions in all 41 positive patients (100%).Conclusion: We classified the patient population and analyzed the data to understand the early clinical performance of COVID-19. Our research illustrate that screening for COVID-19 outside Wuhan should focus on early symptoms such as fever and cough, in combination with lung CT findings, epidemiological history, and sputum pathogen detection to determine whether patients need further isolation.
‹Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge› als Leitmodell medienpädagogischer Kompetenz
Authors: Schmid Mirjam , Petko Dominik
Published: April 2020

Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) ist international ein weit verbreitetes Modell, welches die wichtigsten Kompetenzfacetten beschreibt, die Lehrpersonen zu einem effektiven Einsatz digitaler Medien im Unterricht benötigen. Bislang wird TPACK vor allem als ein mediendidaktisches Modell verstanden. Der Artikel zeigt, dass TPACK auch als Leitmodell zur Beschreibung einer umfassend verstandenen medienpädagogischen Kompetenz von Lehrpersonen dienen kann. Hierfür gibt es unterschiedliche Varianten, mit denen sich fast alle Kompetenzfacetten medienpädagogisch orientierter Modelle in das TPACK-Modell integrieren lassen. Je nach Variante dient TPACK als Kompetenzmodell für eine fächerübergreifende, eine lernkulturorientierte, eine fachdidaktisch orientierte oder eine lebensweltorientierte Medienbildung.
Etika Kepemimpinan Kristen dalam Perspektif Poskolonial: Studi Kasus Program Pelatihan Kepemimpinan dan Manajemen Mahasiswa di Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana
Authors: Mintardjo Jeannette Josephine , Wijaya Yahya
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis article explores leadership paradigms employed in the Management and Leadership Training Program for Students (P2KMM) in Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana. An evaluation of the leadership paradigm is important because it plays a determining role in whether a leader would be successful or failed ethically. Using post-colonial approach, this study focuses on the moral spirit acknowledged as the Duta Wacana Values, particularly the value of ‘Service to the World.’ As a part of the research, a fieldwork was carried out both by observation of 2017 P2KMM writing materials, as well as interviews with representatives of P2KMM committee and the student staff . The finding indicates that the said value tends to be overlooked in the UKDW leadership program for students.

AbstrakArtikel ini adalah studi etika kepemimpinan dengan perspektif postkolonial. Yang diteliti adalah paradigma kepemimpinan yang digunakan dalam Program Pelatihan Kepemimpinan dan Manajemen Mahasiswa(P2KMM) di Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana. Pentingnya penilaian terhadap paradigma kepemimpinan terletak pada peran menentukan dari paradigm kepemimpinan dalam keberhasilan atau kegagalan etisseorang pemimpin. Menggunakan pendekatan poskolonial, artikel ini menyoroti serangkaian nilai-nilai moral yang diakui sebagai ‘Nilai-nilai Duta Wacana,’ khususnya nilai ‘Melayani Dunia.’ Sebagai bagian dari penelitian, dilakukan observasi terhadap materi P2KMM UKDW tahun 2017 dan wawancara terhadap perwakilan tim penyusun materi dan mahasiswa pendamping P2KMM. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ‘Melayani Sesama,’ cenderung terabaikan dalam program pembentukan kepemimpinan mahasiswa UKDW.
Gereja Lintas Denominasi: Membaca Narasi Kekerasan dalam Yosua 8
Authors: Listijabudi Daniel Kurniawan , Yudhita Rena Sesaria
Published: April 2020

Abstract

The concern of this article is the fact that the Bible, especially the Old Testament, contains accounts of violence. The book of Joshua chapter 8 is one of the best examples. This article uses the method of communitarian reading to interpret that text. The event where the LORD actively commands approves Joshua to do violence to humans and other creatures is an interesting research point. Learning from the academic discourse about violence, this article observes how several congregations read the biblical text which is full of violence through so-called reader responses criticism tabulated based on some spiritual-denominational values or theological premises within a communitarian reading of four churches (Mennonite, Pentecostal-Charismatic, Calvinist, and Catholic) in their clusters.

Abstrak

Penulisan dalam artikel ini secara kritis didasari oleh kenyataan bahwa teks-teks Alkitab khususnya di dalam Perjanjian Lama, memuat narasinarasi mengenai kekerasan. Salah satu contohnya adalah teks Yosua pasal 8, yang menjadi pusat pembacaan komunitarian dalam penelitian ini. Semakin menarik perhatian untuk diteliti bahwa di dalam teks-teks yang memuat narasi kekerasan tersebut, pihak Tuhan digambarkan merestui bahkan secara aktif memerintahkan umat-Nya (dalam hal ini bangsa Israel) untuk melakukan tindakan kekerasan kepada sesama manusia, maupun ciptaan yang lain. Berdasarkan hal itulah, maka setelah memertimbangkan diskursus kekerasan dari para ahli, penelitian ini mengobservasi bagaimana jemaat-jemaat membaca teksAlkitab yang memuat narasi kekerasan dengan menggunakan metode pembacaan respon pembaca (reader response criticism) yang ditabulasikan berdasarkan nilai-nilai spiritual denominasional dari empat gereja yangmewakili komunitas yang terpilih (Mennonite, Pantekostalit-Kharismatik, Calvinis, dan Katholik) di wilayah Yogyakarta melalui interaksi per cluster secara komunitarian.
Operator Entanglement in Local Quantum Circuits I: Chaotic Dual-Unitary Circuits
Authors: Bertini Bruno , Kos Pavel , Prosen Tomaz
Published: April 2020

The entanglement in operator space is a well established measure for the complexity of quantum many-body dynamics. In particular, that of local operators has recently been proposed as dynamical chaos indicator, i.e. as a quantity able to discriminate between quantum systems with integrable and chaotic dynamics. For chaotic systems the local-operator entanglement is expected to grow linearly in time, while it is expected to grow at most logarithmically in the integrable case. Here we study the dynamics of local-operator entanglement in dual-unitary quantum circuits, a class of "statistically solvable" quantum circuits that we recently introduced. We identify a class of ``completely chaotic" dual-unitary circuits where the local-operator entanglement grows linearly and we provide a conjecture for its asymptotic behaviour which is in excellent agreement with the numerical results. Interestingly, our conjecture also predicts a ``phase transition" in the slope of the local-operator entanglement when varying the parameters of the circuits.
Retraction: The effect of human capital on performance of East African commercial banks
Authors: Zia Aftab Khan Muhammad , Hyun Park Ji
Published: April 2020

Retracted on the 7th of July, 2020 by the Journal’s Editor-in-Chief request dated July 3th 2020. The type of retraction – plagiarism. The Editor-in-Chief of the journal was asked to retract this article because of plagiarism. The request came from the author of the article, which was published 8 months before the retracted article was published in “Banks and Bank Systems” journal. The author(s) insisted that the article completely repeated his own, i.e. contained a high level of plagiarism that could not be corrected. Editorial staff carried out an investigation into plagiarism in the article published. When the manuscript was submitted to the Journals for consideration, the authors signed the Cover letter and attested to the fact that their manuscript is an original research and has not been published before. After that, the manuscript was accepted for consideration by the Managing Editor and was tested for plagiarism using the iThenticate program. Plagiarism was not detected. Later, after the article complaint and the statement of plagiarism, we used all the sources and resources provided by the complainant, the article was re-tested for plagiarism, and plagiarism was established According to the results of the investigation, the editorial board decided to retract the article on July 7, 2020. The authors were notified of such a decision.
Operación espalda mojada y operación Guatemala: los objetivos de la guerra fría en el racismo interno
Authors: Méndez González Rosalinda
Published: April 2020

Este artículo profundiza mediante un análisis los verdaderos motivos de las operaciones Espalda mojada y Operación Guatemala. Aún cuando se aplica un análisis políticoeconómico a los acontecimientos nacionales e internacionales en torno a la "Operación Espalda Mojada", surge una imagen notoria de la coincidencia de intereses y sucesos entre este acto de racismo masivamente orquestado, y las estrategias estadounidenses de la guerra fría. La victoria real de la "Operación Espalda Mojada" no fue en contra de la amenaza de la "invasión de hordas" de miles de extranjeros ilegales destituidos y despojados de sus derechos políticos; sino que ha de encontrarse en la victoria de la "Operación Guatemala", que fue llevada en contra de la amenaza de un gobierno democrático latinoamericano interesado en asegurar el bienestar de su población a través de la expulsión de la verdadera fuerza que ha perpetuado el desmembramiento de su economía.
Towards the praxis of a sustainable knowledge‑based economy
Authors: Klimska Agnieszka
Published: April 2020

Various presentations of the current strategies for economic development increasingly stress the need to abandon the existing model of economy, its redefinition and the necessity to develop a new concept of knowledge-based economy (KBE). Consequently, knowledge is attributed an essential role in stimulating socio-economic development, including also sustainable development. The direction of changes designated by the development of knowledge- -based economy, however, carries with it a number of challenges that must be dealt with and which are gradually being included in numerous sustainable development strategies. Similarly, implementation of certain visions of sustainable development generates the need to make specific assumptions, different from the guidelines defined for the mainstream economy (e.g. taking into account global modelling and system analysis or the law of entropy) (Czaja 2011: 164). Implementation of the preferred directions of development, requires not so much efficient, but proper management, i.e. one which would translate itself onto the plane of decision-making and, subsequently, that of application. Management processes, including management of sustainable development which draws on the principles of a knowledge-based economy, require also taking into account those factors that can really support the sphere of praxis and hence help to shape a knowledge-based society. This article aims at examining the relationship between a knowledge-based economy and the concept of sustainable development, especially in relation to its economic implications. It will, moreover, concentrate on the assessment of practical functioning of a sustainable knowledge-based economy which constitutes an important development strategy in the process of shaping an information society.
Wpływ metod obróbki wstępnej biomasy na wydajność otrzymywania biogazu
Authors: Bogumił Dorota
Published: April 2020

Z uwagi na wzrastające zainteresowanie energią ze źródeł odnawialnych, biomasa lignocelulozowa jest atrakcyjnym substratem do produkcji biopaliw, szczególnie gdy stanowi niezagospodarowany odpad. Jest tania, ogólnodostępna oraz charakteryzuje się wysoką wartością energetyczną. Technologia konwersji tego typu biomasy charakteryzuje się ograniczeniami związanymi ze skomplikowaną budową kompleksu lignocelulozowego. W celu poprawy efektywności wykorzystania tego typu surowca stosuje się różnego rodzaju jego obróbkę wstępną. W artykule przedstawiono podział dostępnych metod przygotowania surowca lignocelulozowego wykorzystywanego do produkcji różnego rodzaju biopaliw.
Encyclical Laudato si’ on the Question of Progress
Authors: Kania Witold
Published: April 2020

Progress is one of the most recognizable characteristics of modern times. The present paper addresses the question of progress as the underlying theme of the encyclical Laudato si'. Progress has both good and bad sides. The latter are expressed in terms that have a fundamental significance to the encyclical, such as, “irrational faith in progress” and “the myth of unlimited material progress”. In order to gain a clearer understanding of those terms, the author begins with outlining the history of the idea of progress and the philosophical criterion for its assessment. Then, he provides a critical analysis of the technocratic paradigm embodying the false face of progress. Within this framework, progress is presented as imperative and unlimited. However, by placing man in the centre and reducing his purpose in life to a relativistic principle “use and throw away”, it leads to a global ecological, spiritual and cultural crisis. The following part of the paper is devoted to a new model of progress proposed by Pope Francis. This type of progress has both a vertical and horizontal dimension. Embedded in the Holy Trinity, it reaches its peak in Jesus Christ and it promotes human life and protects the work of creation. Its fruit is to be individual concern for the poor and greater justice between nations. It cannot be achieved without changing the mentality (conversion) and specific individual and political decisions. The last part of the article answers the question about the novelty of the model of progress proposed by Pope Francis.
Peroxynitrite-Mediated Structural Changes in Histone H2A: Biochemical and Biophysical Analysis
Authors: Khan Md. Asad , Akram Md. Faiz , Alam Khursheed , Ahsan Haseeb , Rizvi Moshahid A.
Published: April 2020

Background:

Peroxynitrite, a nitrating and oxidizing agent, is formed by the interaction
between nitric oxide and superoxide radicals. H2A histone is a basic nucleoprotein and is one of
the major core histones responsible for packaging DNA. It has been shown that they are highly sensitive
to oxidizing and nitrating agents.

Objective:

Nitration of tyrosine residues in proteins by peroxynitrite is regarded as a marker of
nitrosative damage. The dityrosine bond, an oxidative covalent cross-link between two tyrosines in
protein, is increasingly identified as a marker of oxidative stress, aging and neurodegerative
diseases.

Methods:

Peroxinitrite-mediated nitration and dinitration in H2A histone was assessed by various
biophysical techniques.

Results:

The data presented in this study showed that the dityrosine content was found to be elevated
in H2A histone modified with peroxynitrite. The formation of dityrosine showed a decrease in
fluorescence intensity, generation of a new peak in FT-IR, increase in hydrodynamic size, and loss
of secondary and tertiary structure of H2A resulting in a partially folded structure.

Conclusion:

We report that H2A may undergo conformational and structural changes under nitrosative
and oxidative stress from the deleterious effects of peroxynitrite.
Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride-Loaded Eudragit® RL 100 and Kollidon® SR Based Nanoparticles: Formulation, In vitro Characterization and Cytotoxicity
Authors: Kırımlıoğlu Gülsel Yurtdaş , Özer Sinan , Büyükköroğlu Gülay , Yazan Yasemin
Published: April 2020

Background:

Considering the low ocular bioavailability of conventional formulations
used for ocular bacterial infection treatment, there is a need to design efficient novel drug delivery
systems that may enhance precorneal retention time and corneal permeability.

Aim and Objective:

The current research focuses on developing nanosized and non-toxic Eudragit®
RL 100 and Kollidon® SR nanoparticles loaded with moxifloxacin hydrochloride (MOX) for its
prolonged release to be promising for effective ocular delivery.

Methods:

In this study, MOX incorporation was carried out by spray drying method aiming ocular
delivery. In vitro characteristics were evaluated in detail with different methods.

Results:

MOX was successfully incorporated into Eudragit® RL 100 and Kollidon® SR polymeric
nanoparticles by a spray-drying process. Particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency,
particle morphology, thermal, FTIR, NMR analyses and MOX quantification using HPLC method
were carried out to evaluate the nanoparticles prepared. MOX loaded nanoparticles demonstrated
nanosized and spherical shape while in vitro release studies demonstrated modified-release pattern,
which followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model. Following the successful incorporation of
MOX into the nanoparticles, the formulation (MOX: Eudragit® RL 100, 1:5) (ERL-MOX 2) was
selected for further studies because of its better characteristics like cationic zeta potential, smaller
particle size, narrow size distribution and more uniform prolonged release pattern. Moreover, ERLMOX
2 formulation remained stable for 3 months and demonstrated higher cell viability values for
MOX.

Conclusion:

In vitro characterization analyses showed that non-toxic, nano-sized and cationic
ERL-MOX 2 formulation has the potential of enhancing ocular bioavailability.
Scaffold-based Screening and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study to Identify Two Structurally Related Phenolic Compounds as Potent MMP1 Inhibitors
Authors: Patra Swagata , Saravanan Parameswaran , Das Bhaskar , Subramanian Venkatesan , Patra Sanjukta
Published: April 2020

Background:

Matrix metalloproteinase 1 are zinc-dependent endopeptidases responsible
for the controlled breakdown of the extracellular matrix resulting in the maintenance of
homeostasis. Dysregulation of MMP1 leads to the progression of various pathological conditions
like cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease, skin damage and fibrotic disorder. Thus,
MMP1 inhibition is the potential drug target of many synthetic MMP1 inhibitors but lack of
substrate specificity hinders their clinical applicability. Hence, inhibitors from natural products
have gained widespread attention.

Objective:

The present study attempts screening of novel MMP1 inhibitors from the ZINC
database based on experimentally reported natural inhibitors of MMP1 as a scaffold.

Methods:

Molecular docking study was performed with 19 experimentally reported natural
inhibitors spanning across nine different classes followed by virtual screening using the selected
compounds. The selected compounds were subjected to molecular dynamics simulation.

Results:

Twenty compounds were screened with a cut-off of -9.0 kcal/mol of predicted free energy
of binding, which further converged to 6 hits after docking studies. After comparing the docking
result of 6 screened hits, two best compounds were selected. ZINC02436922 had the best
interaction with six hydrogen bond formation to a relatively confined region in the S1’site of
MMP1 and -10.01 kcal/mol of predicted free energy of binding. ZINC03075557 was the secondbest
compound with -9.57 kcal/mol predicted binding free energy. Molecular dynamics simulation
of ZINC02436922 and ZINC03075557 corroborates docking study.

Conclusion:

This study indicated phenolic compounds ZINC02436922 and ZINC03075557 as
potential MMP1 inhibitors.
Identification of Candidate Genetic Markers and a Novel 4-genes Diagnostic Model in Osteoarthritis through Integrating Multiple Microarray Data
Authors: Jiang Ai , Xu Peng , Zhao Zhenda , Tan Qizhao , Sun Shang , Song Chunli , Leng Huijie
Published: April 2020

Background:

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease that leads to a high disability rate
and a low quality of life. With the development of modern molecular biology techniques, some key
genes and diagnostic markers have been reported. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of OA
are still unknown.

Objective:

To develop a gene signature in OA.

Method:

In this study, five microarray data sets were integrated to conduct a comprehensive
network and pathway analysis of the biological functions of OA related genes, which can provide
valuable information and further explore the etiology and pathogenesis of OA.

Results and Discussion:

Differential expression analysis identified 180 genes with significantly
expressed expression in OA. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the up-regulated genes
were associated with rheumatoid arthritis (p < 0.01). Down-regulated genes regulate the biological
processes of negative regulation of kinase activity and some signaling pathways such as MAPK
signaling pathway (p < 0.001) and IL-17 signaling pathway (p < 0.001). In addition, the OA
specific protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed based on the differentially
expressed genes. The analysis of network topological attributes showed that differentially upregulated
VEGFA, MYC, ATF3 and JUN genes were hub genes of the network, which may
influence the occurrence and development of OA through regulating cell cycle or apoptosis, and
were potential biomarkers of OA. Finally, the support vector machine (SVM) method was used to
establish the diagnosis model of OA, which not only had excellent predictive power in internal and
external data sets (AUC > 0.9), but also had high predictive performance in different chip
platforms (AUC > 0.9) and also had effective ability in blood samples (AUC > 0.8).

Conclusion:

The 4-genes diagnostic model may be of great help to the early diagnosis and
prediction of OA.
Physicochemical Considerations of Tumor Selective Drug Delivery and Activity Confinement with Particular Reference to 1,2-Bis(Sulfonyl)-1- Alkylhydrazines Delivery
Authors: Penketh Philip , Williamson Hugh , Shyam Krishnamurthy
Published: April 2020

Hypoxic tumor cell sub-populations are highly resistant to radiotherapy and their presence
frequently causes disease recurrence and death. Here, we described the physicochemical properties required
to develop superior tumor-targeted hypoxia-activated modular prodrugs that liberate extremely
short-lived bis(sulfonyl)hydrazines (BSHs) as reactive cytotoxins, thereby precisely focusing cytotoxic
stress on these radio-resistant hypoxic sub-populations. Therefore, cytotoxic stress will be focused on
radiation resistant areas and thus strongly synergizing with radiotherapy.
JUDGEMENT STATE AUDITOR ON AUDIT OPINION FOR GOVERNMENT FINANCIAL STATEMENT WITH PERSPECTIVE HERMENEUTIC PHENOMENOLOGY
Authors: Susanto Dwi Setiawan , Sudarma Made , - Sutrisno , - Rosidi
Published: April 2020

Background. The Audit Act no 15, 2004 stated that audit opinion is based on 4 (four) criterias, which are accounting standard, compliance on law and regulation, effectivity internal control system and full disclosure. Public accountability quality of financial statement that audited by BPK RI should be based on State Finance Audit Standard (SPKN) and audit system or guidelines to attest the truth and fairness of the judgement. State finance auditor will make audit judgement for audit opinion based on all material of financial statement, not only in quantitative but also qualitative manner of significance financial information as part of public accountability. However, audit process is not only depends on structured standard system approach but also influenced by individual (auditor) subjectivity. Auditor subjectivity is difficult to be avoided during the audit process and may play a role in the audit judgement and final audit opinion.Objective. Our study aims to analyze the role of BPK RI auditor subjectivity during audit judgement in government institution and in making final audit opinion, using interpretive hermeneutic phenomenology.Methods. Our study analyzed audit judgement with interpretive process hermeneutic and phenomenology perspective.Results. We conducted in-depth interviews with BPK audit opinion signing auditors and analyzed how auditor interpreted audit data, in regards with the basic principles of public accountability, audit standard, law and regulation, internal control and complexity organization in the auditee institution. Our study found differences among auditors in interpreting audit data based on different perspective and understanding of standard system, law and regulation and complexity of organization, mostly because they did not use basic principles of public accountability during the process and making audit judgement and final audit opinion.Conclusion. Our results came to understanding that auditors should be using basic principles of public accountability when interpreting audit data, audit standard, law and regulation to improve quality of audit judgement. Auditors of BPK as supreme audit institution in Indonesia should combine all aspects in auditing process and making final audit judgment.Key words : Audit Opinion, Public Accountability, Audit Judgement, Hermeneutic Phenomenology.