bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Intraplantar Hypertonic Saline Assay in Mice for Rapid Screening of Analgesics
Authors: Asiri Yahya I. , Fung Timothy , Schwarz Stephan K. W. , Asseri Khalid A. , Welch Ian D. , Schuppli Catherine A. , Barr Alasdair M. , Wall Richard A. , Puil Ernest , MacLeod Bernard A.
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND:

Development of new analgesics is limited by shortcomings of existing preclinical screening assays such as wide variations in response, suitability for a narrow range of analgesics, and propensity to induce tissue damage. Our aim was to determine the feasibility of a new in vivo animal assay as an analgesic screen based on nociceptive responses (licking and biting) after intraplantar (i.pl.) injection of hypertonic saline (HS) in mice.

METHODS:

With approval from the Institutional Animal Care Committee, we conducted a randomized, investigator-blinded in vivo study in adult CD-1 mice. We first studied the concentration–response relationship, time course, and sex difference of animals’ nociceptive responses to HS. Subsequently, we assessed the screening ability of the HS assay to detect a range of established analgesics belonging to different classes. Finally, we performed histopathologic studies to assess potential tissue damage.

RESULTS:

The response produced by i.pl. HS was greater and longer in female than in male mice. The responses to HS were concentration dependent with minimal variance. Ten percent HS evoked a maximal response within the first 5 minutes. Morphine dose-dependently attenuated animals’ nociceptive responses (1–10 mg/kg intraperitoneally [i.p.]). The peripherally restricted µ-opioid receptor agonist, loperamide, reduced nociceptive responses when injected locally (30–100 µg/paw, i.pl.) but not systemically (1–10 mg/kg, i.p.). Acetylsalicylic acid (300 mg/kg, i.p.), naproxen (150 mg/kg, i.p), and acetaminophen (300 mg/kg, i.p.) all decreased nociceptive responses, as did i.pl. coinjections of lidocaine (0.003%–1%) with 10% HS. Histopathologic assessment revealed no tissue damage due to HS.

CONCLUSIONS:

The i.pl. HS assay is easily performed, rapidly detects standard analgesics, and produces minimal animal suffering without tissue damage. We propose this assay as a useful addition to the armamentarium of existing preclinical analgesic screens.
Patient Harm in Cataract Surgery: A Series of Adverse Events in Massachusetts
Authors: Roberto Sarah A. , Bayes Joseph , Karner Paul E. , Morley Michael G. , Nanji Karen C.
Published: October 2017

Massachusetts state agencies received reports of 37 adverse events (AEs) involving cataract surgery from 2011 to 2015. Fifteen were anesthesia related, including 5 wrong eye blocks, 3 cases of hemodynamic instability, 2 retrobulbar hematoma/hemorrhages, and 5 globe perforations resulting in permanent loss of vision. While Massachusetts’ reported AEs likely underrepresent the true number of AEs that occur during cataract surgery, they do offer useful signal data to indicate the types of patient harm occurring during these procedures.
The Influence of Age on Sensitivity to Dexmedetomidine Sedation During Spinal Anesthesia in Lower Limb Orthopedic Surgery
Authors: Xu Bo , Li Zhitao , Zhou Dongxu , Li Liuxun , Li Pingyue , Huang Huayang
Published: October 2017

To investigate the influence of age on sensitivity to dexmedetomidine sedation in adult patients, we selected 79 patients scheduled for lower limb orthopedic surgery under spinal anesthesia to identify the dexmedetomidine ED50 for adequate sedation among different age groups. After a spinal anesthetic was placed, a dose of dexmedetomidine determined by the Dixon up–and–down method was administered over 15 minutes. The ED50 in the elderly group was lower than in the other 2 groups (elderly: 0.88 ± 0.07; middle aged: 1.16 ± 0.08; young: 1.21 ± 0.06 µg/kg; both P < .001). There was no difference between the young and middle-aged groups (P = .160).
Photoplethysmography and Heart Rate Variability for the Diagnosis of Preeclampsia
Authors: Euliano Tammy Y. , Michalopoulos Kostas , Singh Savyasachi , Gregg Anthony R. , Del Rio Mariem , Vasilopoulos Terrie , Johnson Amber M. , Onkala Allison , Darmanjian Shalom , Euliano Neil R. , Ho Monique
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND:

The goal of this study was to determine a set of timing, shape, and statistical features available through noninvasive monitoring of maternal electrocardiogram and photoplethysmography that identifies preeclamptic patients.

METHODS:

Pregnant women admitted to Labor and Delivery were monitored with pulse oximetry and electrocardiogram for 30 minutes. Photoplethysmogram features and heart rate variability were extracted from each data set and applied to a sequential feature selection algorithm to discriminate women with preeclampsia with severe features, from normotensive and hypertensive controls. The classification boundary was chosen to minimize the expected misclassification cost. The prior probabilities of the misclassification costs were assumed to be equal.

RESULTS:

Thirty-seven patients with clinically diagnosed preeclampsia with severe features were compared with 43 normotensive controls; all were in early labor or beginning induction. Six variables were used in the final model. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.907 (standard error [SE] = 0.004) (sensitivity 78.2% [SE = 0.3%], specificity 89.9% [SE = 0.1%]) with a positive predictive value of 0.883 (SE = 0.001). Twenty-eight subjects with chronic or gestational hypertension were compared with the same preeclampsia group, generating a model with 5 features with an area under the curve of 0.795 (SE = 0.007; sensitivity 79.0% [SE = 0.2%], specificity 68.7% [SE = 0.4%]), and a positive predictive value of 0.799 (SE = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONS:

Vascular parameters, as assessed noninvasively by photoplethysmography and heart rate variability, may have a role in screening women suspected of having preeclampsia, particularly in areas with limited resources.
Pearls of Wisdom for High-Risk Laser Lead Extractions: A Focused Review
Authors: Fermin Lilibeth , Gebhard Ralf E. , Azarrafiy Ryan , Carrillo Roger
Published: October 2017

Due to new indications and improved technology, the incidence of laser lead extraction (LLE) has significantly increased over the past years. While LLE has been well studied and proven to be safe and effective, only few studies are geared toward the anesthesiologist’s role during high-risk LLEs. This article utilized both a focused review and authors’ experience to investigate anesthetic protocols during LLEs. Through this review, we recommend best practices for the anesthesiologist including appropriate procedure location, onsite availability of a cardiac surgeon, availability of a cardiopulmonary bypass machine, and intraoperative use of echocardiography to detect and address potential complications during high-risk LLEs.
Sbp1 modulates the translation of Pab1 mRNA in a poly(A)- and RGG-dependent manner
Authors: Brandariz-Núñez Alberto , Zeng Fuxing , Lam Quan Ngoc , Jin Hong
Published: October 2017

RNA-binding protein Sbp1 facilitates the decapping pathway in mRNA metabolism and inhibits global mRNA translation by an unclear mechanism. Here we report molecular interactions responsible for Sbp1-mediated translation inhibition of mRNA encoding the polyadenosine-binding protein (Pab1), an essential translation factor that stimulates mRNA translation and inhibits mRNA decapping in eukaryotic cells. We demonstrate that the two distal RRMs of Sbp1 bind to the poly(A) sequence in the 5′UTR of the Pab1 mRNA specifically and cooperatively while the central RGG domain of the protein interacts directly with Pab1. Furthermore, methylation of arginines in the RGG domain abolishes the protein–protein interaction and the inhibitory effect of Sbp1 on translation initiation of Pab1 mRNA. Based on these results, the underlying mechanism for Sbp1-specific translational regulation is proposed. The functional differences of Sbp1 and RGG repeats alone on transcript-specific translation were observed, and a comparison of the results suggests the importance of remodeling the 5′UTR by RNA-binding proteins in mRNA translation.
Express Diagnostics of Psychological Features of the Matrimonial Relations
Authors: Маленова А. , Malenova A.
Published: October 2017

The work includes theoretical justification and the description of 3 methodical methods of express diagnostics of the matrimonial relations: "Motives of marriage", "Hierarchy of forms of marriage", "Role structure of the relations". All tools have undergone long-term approbation on different target groups, are actively used by the author in research, practical and teaching of activity.
Socio-Pedagogical Support of Disabled Children with Complex Developmental Disorders in Modern Terms As a Problem
Authors: Молодцова И. , Molodcova I. , Сливина Л. , Slivina L.
Published: October 2017

The paper considers the problem of socio-pedagogical support of children with complex developmental disorders. The aim of this work was to confirm the need for medical and social-pedagogical maintenance of educational process of this group in the conditions of integrated education. The literature data on this problem was analyzed. The contradictions are listed. The analysis of official data was carried out. Organization of medical and socio-pedagogical support of children with complex disabilities will enhance the effectiveness of health-saving component of the educational process by adapting elements of the system to the capacities of children.
The Eastern Question and the Idea of Slavic Unity in the Works of K.N. Leontiev
Authors: Кузнецов А. , Kuznecov A.
Published: October 2017

This study is an analysis of the views of the Russian philosopher K.N. Leontiev on the idea of Slavic unity popular in the nineteenth century. Leontiev reviewed the place of the Slavic peoples in the world and Russia's role in the process of unification of the Slavic peoples. Noting the crisis of the Slavic peoples, Leontiev sees salvation for them only in conservative ideas and ideology.
Russian Religious Philosopher K.N. Leontiev: Personality Transformation in the Space of the Orthodox Culture of Athos
Authors: Дивногорцева С. , Divnogorceva S.
Published: October 2017

Athos has always played a special role in the life of Russian society. She was always an example of the proper organization of monastic life for many Russian ascetics. Important trail she left in the life of the Russian intelligentsia. Its dispensation has transformed their attitude towards life and aspirations. This article describes the part of the life of the Russian religious philosopher K.N. Leontiev in the context of the impact space of the Orthodox culture of Athos. The author considers the question of spiritual transformation of the personality of the philosopher, examines the origins of several of his works, religious and philosophical views. The author pays special attention to the formation of the individual of K.N.Leontiev in early childhood and traces the impact of this in the future writer's biography. The author dwells in detail on the characteristics of the personality of the philosopher, as he believes that it is inseparable from his books.
Russian Society Transformation As Modification of Traditional Social Order Features
Authors: Кальней Марина , Kalney Marina
Published: October 2017

The article gives a comparative analysis of socialistic ideal and Soviet practice. The Soviet practice is analyzed as Russian traditional social order modification, not Marxist project realization. In turn, the result of market reforms was not so much Russia transformation according to globalization model, as Russian traditional features modification.
Gamification of Educational Process for Development of Independent Work Learners’ by Students
Authors: Калижанова Анна , Kalizhanova Anna , Ибраева Баян , Ibrayeva Bayan
Published: October 2017

This article focuses on the necessity and inevitability of introduction of the elements of gamification in the educational process to prevent the outflow of students from colleges or universities due to the lack of interest in obtaining the knowledge by the traditional forms of education. The authors share their experience of gamification in the educational ecosystem using a free online platform Trello Board, which provides a broad range of features to control students, maintain their level of motivation for further learning as well as develop students’ autonomy, collaboration, and higher order skills (HOTs).
Phenomenon of Risk in Some Theories of the Humanities Knowledge
Authors: Батухтин А. , Batuhtin A.
Published: October 2017

The modern world is full of risks, so the theory of risk, its properties and processes of management, are nowadays of particular interest. There are many theories, which contain different concepts and identifies the fundamental characteristics of this phenomenon. This paper aims to study the processes of effective risk management and prediction of the future, an important task of social management. The article discusses the postmodern (sociological) and perceptibility (psychology) risk-taking. Sociological theories of the postmodern approach to the concept of “risk” through the analysis of social relations. In turn, perceptivity approach treats risk through the “behavioral aspects” of human existence. The task of this article is to define the properties of risk in sociological theories and the search for such properties, the risk that would be inherent in any type of society. Analyzed the risk profile, offered by postmodern theory by U. Beck, N. Luhmann and A. Giddens, with the result that the basic properties of the risk applying to the Foundation. As well as identified behavioral aspects of risk that were considered in the context perceptivities approach, in D. Kahneman and A. Tversky. In the end, we offer a conclusion that common property, as an individual and the society as a system in General is an irrational risk aversion. This property does not depend on the era and type of society and retains its relevance from ancient times to the present day. The results obtained in this article can find its practical application in Sciences such as social philosophy, political science, management, Economics, psychology, sociology. Highlighted in the sociology of properties of a society built on risk, can be useful indicators or explanations of any of the events. In political science, Economics and management knowledge of the characteristics of the risk society (modern society) and people's attitude to risk will provide an advantage and will indicate any possible human behavior that will help in prediction and management. And this, in turn, could facilitate the implementation of industrial, corporate, or state objectives.
Pedagogical education at the turn of the ages
Authors: Артемьева Светлана , Artemyeva Svetlana , Кальней Валентина , Kalney Valentina
Published: October 2017

The article highlights the three (2015, 2016, 2017) international scientific-practical conferences held on the initiative of the Institute of socio-humanitarian technologies, Centre for socio-economic and humanitarian technologies of the «MSUTM them. K.G. Razumovsky (PKU)» and the Embassy of Switzerland in the Russian Federation with the support of the Swiss state Secretariat. Intercultural dialogue had taken place on the basis of partnerships on the occasion of the 200th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Russia and Switzerland (2015), national systems of education and science revealed a critical problem for both countries. The content of the article is doubly true: the conversation continued in the two subsequent forums in 2016 and 2017, not complete. The relation between innovations and traditions, the introduction of educational and pedagogical technologies, development of new methodology of pedagogical thinking continues to require attention. The formation of a new technological structure requires a new model of pedagogy.
The Multiproduct Newsvendor Problem with Customer Choice
Authors: Farahat Amr , Lee Joonkyum
Published: October 2017

We address the multiproduct newsvendor problem under a general specification of customer choice behavior. We develop a methodology that yields upper bounds on the optimal value as well as feasible inventory solutions. The methodology is based on an approximate Jordan decomposition of the state transition matrix. Two specializations of the methodology are presented: one leads to a decomposition by customer into a sequence of assortment optimization problems and the second leads to a decomposition by product into a collection of independent newsvendor problems. We conduct computational experiments and find that the proposed methodology outperforms existing bounds.

The electronic companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.2017.1654 .
Three Dimensional Modelling and Stress Analysis of a Powered Single Acting Disc Harrow Using FEA
Authors: Upadhpadhyay Ganesh , Raheman Hifjur , Rasool Showkatat
Published: October 2017

The three-dimensional model of a powered single acting disc harrow was created in SolidWorks 2013 and then the stress analysis was carried out using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) well before development of the designed tillage machinery to obtain optimum dimensions of different parts and to analyze the maximum stress and deformation in each component of the system. Theoretical calculations were done for different components, and resulting values were used to apply force, moment and boundary constraints on designed 3D model. Designed central gearbox, side gear assembly, gang shaft, the shaft between U-joint and upper side gear and main frame were validated by doing static structural analysis in ANSYS R15.0 workbench software. The developed implement was rigorously field tested and operated successfully up to the depth of 14 cm and forward speed of 7 km h-1 in sandy clay loam soil at an average moisture content of 12±0.75%(db). The field capacity, field efficiency and fuel consumption were found to be 0.37 to 0.57 ha h-1, 71.23% to 81.35% and 4.95 to 6.42 l h-1, respectively during first pass when operated at forward speeds of 3.69 to 6.55 km h-1 and at an average operating depth of 12 cm. FEM enables to optimize and simulate the complex agricultural machinery and to investigate the stresses and deformations induced in the parts well before product development to avoid failure in the later phase of field evaluation.
Small Animal Review
Authors: Tennant Bryn
Published: October 2017

Introduction:

Glomerular lipidosis is a recently described pathology in the dog that may be associated with renal dysfunction and possibly glomerulosclerosis.
Pet parasite risks from Eastern Europe: an emerging problem
Authors: Wright Ian , Elsheikha Hany
Published: October 2017

In recent years, veterinary surgeons in the UK have seen an increase in the number of dogs and cats infected with exotic parasite infections. These include the filarial heartworm Dirofilaria immitis, the oriental eyeworm Thelazia callipaeda, the tongue worm Linguatula serrata, and a number of tick species and tick-borne diseases. These parasites constitute a high risk not only to local dogs and cats but also to humans, due to their zoonotic potential. The source of these parasites was traced to animals travelling to or imported from Eastern Europe, especially Romania. Given the growing increase in the number of imported parasites, it is imperative that veterinary professionals are fully aware of and prepared to recognise and effectively manage infections caused by these parasites when they encounter them in practice. The objective of this article is to improve the awareness of the increasing parasitic threats from Eastern Europe, and to describe the relevant clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment and control. The basic principles of surveillance for potential parasitic agents in pets that are imported from, or have travelled to, endemic regions are also discussed.
Skin diseases of juvenile cats and dogs
Authors: Scarff David H.
Published: October 2017

This article discusses skin diseases of juvenile dogs and cats, with brief notes on clinical features, diagnosis and treatment. Some conditions only affect juvenile animals, while others are more common in younger puppies and kittens. While the clinical approach to juvenile skin diseases is similar to that for skin disease in older animals, some additional points must be considered.
There's a seizuring dog coming in: don't panic!
Authors: Farquhar Robyn G
Published: October 2017

Neurological emergencies are often regarded with alarm by first opinion practitioners. Five cases outlined here illustrate a systematic approach towards critical status evaluation of the dog and management of the owner. Utilising strategies from regular consultation examinations and general anaesthesia preparation are described, along with a summary of useful equipment and drugs. The use of formularies and emergency manuals as references is strongly recommended.
The role of root canal treatment in the management of dental trauma
Authors: Oxford Matthew
Published: October 2017

Root canal treatment is a commonly performed treatment in human patients to manage pulp exposure and necrosis. While the distribution of aetiology of pulp exposure in our animal patients differs greatly from that in humans, the underlying pathology and the principles of treatment are broadly the same. This article gives a brief overview of the pathology of endodontic disease, and covers the principals of endodontic treatment in small animal patients.
Recurrent bronchopneumonia in a young Beagle dog with situs inversus and suspected Kartagener's syndrome
Authors: White Constance N
Published: October 2017

This case report describes suspected Kartagener's syndrome in a 2-year-old intact male Beagle with a history of recurrent pneumonia and chronic rhinitis. Several febrile respiratory tract infections occurred during his first year. Chronic sneezing and mucoid nasal discharge prompted evaluation for allergies at 18 months of age. Pneumonia was diagnosed by several clinics in the 2 months prior to presentation. Clinical suspicion of Kartagener's syndrome prompted radiographic confirmation of situs inversus, with probable ciliary dyskinesia. This case illustrates that recurrent pneumonia and chronic rhinitis in an otherwise healthy young animal should prompt evaluation for underlying structural or immunological deficits.
Crate confinement of dogs following orthopaedic surgery. Part 2: practical recovery area considerations
Authors: Dorn Marianne
Published: October 2017

The recovery crate continues to be a useful part of the home care plan for smaller dogs following orthopaedic surgery. However, small, barren or uncomfortable crates are inappropriate. The crate must offer sufficient space for the patient to lie fully-stretched out, to sit or stand facing in a choice of directions, to turn easily, to eat, and to lick or chew at toys. Open-topped pens should be considered for patients that will not attempt to escape, as these tend to offer more floor area than crates. For larger dogs, a single-level recovery room is a suitable alternative to the crate or pen. This article discusses optimal set-up of crate and recovery room, including size, positioning, flooring, bedding, and methods of enrichment. Confined dogs benefit from a regular routine including controlled exercise, rest, feeding and human interaction. To avoid distress, the dog should be introduced to the crate or recovery room both gradually and preoperatively if at all possible. Owners require clear preoperative advice on the correct size, set-up and use of the recovery space.
Avian radiography and radiology part 2
Authors: Naguib Mark
Published: October 2017

Radiography is an essential tool for the avian practitioner. In order to gain useful diagnostic information, clinicians must be able to obtain correctly positioned, good quality images and must first be familiar with their interpretation. The first article discussed radiographic techniques, normal visceral radio-anatomy and common pathological changes observed on radiographs of the liver, spleen, gastrointestinal tract and urogenital system. This article considers findings associated with the cardio-respiratory disease and coelomic effusions, plus the normal and pathological radio-anatomy of the musculoskeletal system.
Saving vultures
Authors: Forbes Neil
Published: October 2017

Vultures as a group are highly threatened, with several species on the brink of extinction. In Asia, use of diclofenac in livestock caused a 98% decline in vultures over a period of ten years. In Africa, the cause of the decline is more complex, including both accidental and malicious poisoning, killing for use in Traditional Medicines, and powerline collisions. Vulture Alliance brings together a group of highly-experienced people to work together to address the vulture crisis.
Chronic myeloid leukaemia: A guide for practice nurses
Authors: Perry Margaret Ann
Published: October 2017

This article is part one of a series on the leukaemias and focuses on chronic myeloid leukaemia. It aims to give practice nurses an understanding of this rare but distressing disease and looks at signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment management and prognosis. Chronic myeloid leukaemia, a rare cancer of the white blood cells and bone marrow, is more common in older adults and is frequently diagnosed incidentally. Therefore, practice nurses should be aware of the condition, particularly if they are interpreting blood results as part of their role. Although practice nurses will not be directly involved in the treatment of the condition, providing support to patients and family members is a key role and having some background knowledge will be helpful.

Chronic myeloid leukaemia is a rare cancer of the white blood cells and bone marrow. Although practice nurses will see cases infrequently, it is important to be able to support patients diagnosed with this unfamiliar condition
Identifying and treating different phenotypes in COPD
Authors: Bostock-Cox Beverley
Published: October 2017

Research into chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has identified different phenotypes, which require a variety of approaches to treatment. As a result, the Global Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines group has updated its advice on the diagnosis and management of COPD. The 2017 GOLD guidelines offer a fresh approach to the identification and management of these COPD phenotypes, so that inhaled therapies and other treatments can be offered appropriately both in stable and acute exacerbations of COPD. This article reviews the treatment options as suggested by the GOLD guidelines group and discusses the rationale for taking a risk: benefit approach to treatment decisions.

COPD is a disease with a variety of different phenotypes. Beverley Bostock-Cox discusses treatment options for these phenotypes
Using a psychological approach in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Mawson Marianne , Hardy Sheila
Published: October 2017

Background: There is evidence that supporting the psychological and mental health needs of people with long-term conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis can lead to improvements in both mental and physical health, but holistic care is not always provided. The aim of this project was to include a psychological component to the annual review of this group of people.

Method: To incorporate the additional element of mental health, the nurse attended appropriate training, extended the consultation time from 15 to 30 minutes and employed validated mental health assessment tools. Patients were also requested to complete a questionnaire to find out whether they found the psychological assessments acceptable.

Results: A total of 34 patients attended the clinic. Twelve were identified as depressed, two were anxious and 22 were distressed. By identifying the cause of distress a follow up plan of individualised care could be agreed and was easily carried out in the primary care setting. Patients found the psychological assessments acceptable.

Conclusion: This pilot has confirmed that adding psychological assessments to the annual review of rheumatoid arthritis in primary care is feasible and acceptable to patients. Using appropriate tools identified depression, anxiety and distress. This enabled the nurse to make a suitable plan of care which included the patients' concerns.

This study looked at the feasibility of adding psychological assessments to annual reviews of rheumatoid arthritis. The authors found that adding psychological assessments was acceptable to patients and allowed the identification of depression, anxiety and distress
Stoptober: Helping to achieve a smoke-free generation
Authors: Bennett Viv
Published: October 2017

Practice nurses are in an ideal position to start conversations with people about stopping smoking. Stoptober is one initiative that can help encourage people to quit
Self Care Week: Embracing self care for life
Authors: Donavan Helen
Published: October 2017

Self Care Week provides the ideal opportunity for practice nurses to improve their practice population's health and reduce future demand on the health service. Helen Donavan suggests ways to get the message across
RESEARCH ROUNDUP
Authors: Winter George
Published: October 2017

George Winter provides an overview of recently published articles that may be of interest to practice nurses. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided.
Total hip arthroplasty in patients 16 years of age or younger
Authors: Van de Velde S. K. , Loh B. , Donnan L.
Published: October 2017

Purpose

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is rarely recommended in skeletally immature patients. The goal of the present study was to report our short- to mid-term results of THA in a series of children aged 16 years or younger, including clinical outcomes and post-operative complications, signs of radiographic loosening of the prostheses, and revision rate.

Methods

The 18 children (two male and 16 female patients, 24 hips) underwent cementless THA at a mean age of 14.6 years (11 to 16). Five patients had a bilateral, one-stage surgical procedure. Clinical assessment of these hips used the Merle d'Aubigné et Postel scale modified by Charnley to facilitate assessment of the function of walking. Clinical and radiographic follow-up was conducted at six weeks, six months and then yearly for the first three years. All post-operative complications were recorded.

Results

No intra-operative or early post-operative complications occurred. At a mean follow-up of 3.8 years (1 to 8), all patients had greatly improved pain and function scores. All children in the present study improved from severely impaired gait, including four children who were wheelchair-bound, to completely unrestricted gait. All hips demonstrated good alignment with no evidence of wear or radiographic lucencies. No revision of components has been required. One patient had persistent adductor contracture which was addressed with adductor tendon release.

Conclusions

THA is a successful procedure for unsalvageable hip arthritis in children at a mean follow-up of 3.8 years. Long-term follow-up will be needed to determine implant longevity of the components in these children.
Parent–child attachment as a mechanism of intergenerational (dis)advantage
Authors: Moullin Sophie , Waldfogel Jane , Washbrook Elizabeth
Published: October 2017

A growing literature connects childhood socio-emotional skills to adult socio-economic outcomes. But what explains differing levels of socio-emotional skills? Current theories consider parental investment and socialisation, but neglect the emotional and relational aspects of parenting. Attachment theory offers a model of the micro-level mechanisms that connect parenting processes and socio-emotional development intergenerationally. It has, however, tended to de-emphasise macro, contextual socio-economic factors. Through an extensive, integrative review of the empirical literature on the effects and antecedents of parent–child attachment, we argue that attachment is a mechanism through which socio-emotional – and socio-economic – (dis)advantages persist.
Teaching sixth formers about fatherhood using visual methods
Authors: Vobora Ebba
Published: October 2017

The issue of change is a point of contention for sociologists exploring fatherhood ideals and practices in the 21st century. Drawing upon a summer school session, this article explores how sixth formers view the state of contemporary fatherhood. The participants questioned the nature of shifts in fatherhood and challenged the celebratory discourse surrounding the involved father. I conclude by emphasising that visual methods are helpful in addressing some of the intricacies that underpin fatherhood scholarship.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Alkylammonium-Intercalated Vermiculites
Authors: Chen Cheng , Liu Xiandong , Zhang Yingchun , Zhang Chi , Lu Xiancai
Published: October 2017

In order to understand the microscopic properties of alkylammonium-intercalated vermiculites, molecular dynamics simulations employing the clayff-CVFF force field were performed to obtain the interlayer structures and dynamics. The layering behavior of alkyl chains was uncovered. With the model used in the present study (1.2 e per unit cell), the alkyl chains formed monolayers with carbon-chain lengths of C6, bilayers from C7 to C10, and pseudo-trimolecular layers from C15 to C18. Intermediate states also existed between bilayer and pseudo-trimolecular layer states from C11 to C14. The ammonium groups had two locations: most ammonium groups were located over the six-member rings (~90%), and the rest above the substitution sites (~10%). The ammonium groups interacted with the vermiculite surface through H bonds between ammonium H atoms and surface O atoms. The ammonium groups were fixed firmly on surfaces and, therefore, had very low mobility. The alkyl chains were slightly more mobile. The similarities and differences between alkylammonium-intercalated vermiculites and smectites were revealed. The layering behaviors of alkyl chains were similar in alkylammonium-intercalated vermiculites and smectites: the alkyl chain behavior was controlled by both the amount of layer charge and the carbon chain length. The distributions of ammonium groups, however, were different, caused by the layer-charge distribution in vermiculites being different from that in smectites. The atomic-level results derived in the present study will be useful for future research into and the applications of organo-vermiculites.
Interactive learning for upgrading and growth: Case of Indonesian fishery firms
Authors: Aminullah Erman , Fizzanty Trina , Sari Karlina , Rahmaida Rizka , Binu Susanto Qinan Maulana
Published: October 2017

This paper intends to reveal the interactive learning for upgrading and growth in Indonesian fishery firms. The main question is how learning and innovation have occurred in Indonesian fishery firms. The study was conducted in two categories of fishery firms: fish processing and aquaculture (shrimp). The interfirm interactions contain knowledge flows and feedback in local production network involving local suppliers and foreign buyers. The study found that the model of interactive learning for upgrading and growth work as a coupling of three loops: the upgrading capability, the growth formation, and limiting elements. The upgrading capability is subject to growth formation, which is determined by limiting elements. The limiting elements will control the quantity and quality of materials supply that affect inter-firm interaction. The model suggests that the dynamics of upgrading and growth through interactive leraning will continue in a stable manner by easing the constraints of limiting elements through: combating illegal fishing, encouraging interaction with universities, shifting to higher added value products, institutional support for global trading, preventing shrimp disease, providing infrastructure, business facilities, and regulation information.
O riso na corda bamba: o humor na obra de Augusto Boal no exilio
Authors: Sant’Anna Catarina
Published: October 2017

Para Vladimir Jankélévitch, os acontecimentos são cada vez menos engraçados na medida em que abrangem regiões mais profundas e mais centrais da existência. Não se brinca com a morte, porque ela mata; brinca-se, porém, de esconde-esconde com as variedades empíricas do perigo. Isto posto, pretendo analisar neste artigo os textos teatrais Torquemada (1971) e Murro em ponta de faca (1978), de Augusto Boal. Escritos pelo autor no exílio, procurarei contextualizar o fenômeno do riso nessas condições particulares. Paralelamente, darei destaque aos temas da identidade, do ser, da alteridade e da angústia.Palavras-chave: humor negro; teatro político; exílio.
Benjamim Santos: um dramaturgo, diretor e crítico teatral nos palcos brasileiros
Authors: Nascimento Francisco De Assis de Sousa
Published: October 2017

A trajetória artística de Benjamim Santos no teatro brasileiro é o fio condutor para entender um conjunto de situações históricas marcadas por tensões e conflitos, em meio às quais foram utilizados certos dispositivos estéticos resultantes da experiência social que integra a cultura e a memória na segunda metade do século XX. O artigo tem como objetivo dar visibilidade à produção cultural empreendida nos palcos brasileiros, a partir da constituição de uma linguagem teatral peculiar que denuncia os excessos da ditadura militar brasileira e expõe suas implicações nas formas estéticas de atuação social, a militância de Benjamim Santos e sua participação nos principais movimentos culturais e políticos do período.Palavras-chave: História; teatro; Benjamim Santos.
Entre telas e fotos: retratos e a construção social do sorriso
Authors: De Matos Maria Izilda S.
Published: October 2017

Numa perspectiva da construção histórica do sorriso, este texto pretende questionar os diferentes significados das representações sorridentes nos retratos (pintados e fotografados), rastreando como, de ocultos e discretos, os sorrisos foram, gradativamente, se tornando cada vez mais presentes. Contemporaneamente, a expansão dos cuidados odontológicos transformou padrões de beleza (incluindo sorrisos com dentes brancos, limpos e alinhados), somados à difusão de novas sensibilidades, práticas e comportamentos que reforçam a necessidade (quase obsessiva) de ser/estar sempre feliz e sorridente. A isso se associa o compromisso de perpetuar fotos com sorrisos, facilmente registrados por câmeras digitais e celulares e socializados rapidamente pelas redes sociais (milhares de selfs que circulam).Palavras-chave: sorriso; retrato; fotografia.
Sobre canteiros de obras, bichos, carne, pão e outras bizarrices
Authors: Fabris Annateresa
Published: October 2017

No campo artístico, a segunda metade da década de 1960 é marcada pela tomada de posição contra o objeto, substituído pelos processos de pensamento (arte conceitual), pela corporeidade dos acontecimentos e dos elementos naturais (arte povera), pela busca do “sublime” da natureza (land art), pelo uso direto do corpo como matéria significativa (body art) e pela exaltação da expressividade primária das propriedades físicas de materiais de diversas proveniências (process art), entre outros. A contestação da obra acabada e de sua natureza de produto e a exaltação das ideias e dos processos não deixam de ter repercussões no Brasil, onde adquirem significados próprios. Denominada “desmaterialização” por Lucy Lippard, essa tomada de posição contra os aspectos materiais da obra caracteriza-se pela busca de uma “solução drástica ao problema da fácil compra e venda dos artistas junto com sua arte”, por uma difusão alheia às tradicionais estruturas de poder, pelo estabelecimento de uma rede de solidariedade entre os criadores e pela politização da produção e do comportamento, quando necessário.
Correlation study of optical, mechanical and thermal properties of BAs material and its experimental energy gap
Authors: Daoud Salah
Published: October 2017

The object of this work is to study the correction between the optical, mechanical and thermal properties of boron arsenide (BAs) material and its experimental optical energy gap. The index of refraction, the high-frequency dielectric constant, the optical electronegativity, the bulk modulus, the micro-hardness, the plasmon energy, the Debye temperature, the melting temperature and the electronic polarizability of BAs were estimated from its energy gap. The results obtained are analyzed in comparison with available experimental and other theoretical data. My obtained results of the reflective index and the dielectric constant agree well with other theoretical data; whereas the bulk modulus, the microhardness, the Debye temperature, and the melting temperature are slightly lower than the experimental and other theoretical data. The electronic polarizability is slightly different than other theoretical ones from the literature.
Vocational and technical high school 12th grade students’ perceptions of their internships in businesses and skill training studies
Mesleki ve teknik liseleri 12. sınıf öğrencilerinin işletmelerde yaptıkları staj ve beceri eğitimi çalışmalarına ilişkin algıları
Authors: Kalsen Cemal , Kaplan İzzet , Şimşek Muzaffer
Published: October 2017

The aim of this research is to reveal the perceptions of 12th gradevet students about their internship activity and occupational skill training by using metaphors. The universe of the research is 12 th grade vocational and technical high school students in Afyon. In analyzing process content analysis, which is one of the quantitive analysis methods, wasused. According to the results students identified internship and occupational skill training with metaphors such as slavery, experience, funandent ertainment, useless and meaningless. Students’ metaphors such as “slave, torture, grave punishment, share cropper and hodman indicate that students have problems in internship training, the working conditions are not good it heyareseen as cheap work-force and they are not valued. Furthermore students’ metaphors such as “artificial respiration, marsh, broken glass, harassment Show that there is an mismatch between students’ need sand firms’ needs. However, students’ metaphors of internship’ spreparing them for work life, more experience, learning of the job and earning moneys how that students have good attitudes towards the jobs they chose by interiorizing them.Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı, mesleki ve teknik ortaöğretim kurumlarının 12. sınıfına devam eden öğrencilerin işletmelerdeki staj ve beceri kazanma eğitimi algılarını metaforlar yoluyla ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmanın çalışma evrenini Afyonkarahisar ilinde mesleki ve teknik liselere devam eden 12.sınıf öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin analizinde nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden içerik analiz tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; öğrenciler, staj ve beceri eğitimini, kölelik, tecrübe, keyif ve eğlence, gereksiz ve anlamsız gibi metaforlarla tanımlamışlardır. Öğrencilerin de staj/beceri eğitimine ilişkin “köle, işkence, kabir azabı, maraba, amele” gibi metaforları staj eğitiminde sorunlar yaşandığı, çalışma koşullarının uygun olmadığı, ucuz işgücü olarak görüldüğü ve değer verilmediğinin göstergeleri niteliğindedir. Yine staj ve beceri eğitimi alan öğrencilerin “suni solunum, bataklık, kırık bardak, usandırma, patlıcan yoğurma” gibi metaforları, öğrencilerin beklentileri ile işletmelerin beklentileri arasında bir uyumsuzluk olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bununla birlikte, öğrencilerin, staj/beceri eğitim çalışmalarının kişiyi iş yaşamına hazırladığı, tecrübesini arttırdığı, mesleği öğrendiği, para kazandırdığı yönündeki metaforları, staj/beceri eğitimi ile seçmiş olduğu mesleği içselleştirerek olumlu bir tutum içerisinde olduklarını göstermektedir.
Social Dollars in Online Communities: The Effect of Product, User, and Network Characteristics
Authors: Park Eunho , Rishika Rishika , Janakiraman Ramkumar , Houston Mark B. , Yoo Byungjoon
Published: October 2017

Online communities have experienced burgeoning popularity over the last decade and have become a key platform for users to share information and interests, and to engage in social interactions. Drawing on the social contagion literature, the authors examine the effect of online social connections on users’ product purchases in an online community. They assess how product, user, and network characteristics influence the social contagion effect in users’ spending behavior. The authors use a unique large-scale data set from a popular massively multiplayer online role-playing game community—consisting of users’ detailed gaming activities, their social connections, and their in-game purchases of functional and hedonic products—to examine the impact of gamers’ social networks on their purchase behavior. The analysis, based on a double-hurdle model that captures gamers’ decisions of playing and spending levels, reveals evidence of “social dollars,” whereby social interaction between gamers in the community increases their in-game product purchases. Interestingly, the results indicate that social influence varies across different types of products. Specifically, the effect of a focal user's network ties on his or her spending on hedonic products is greater than the effect of network ties on the focal user's spending on functional products. Furthermore, the authors find that user experience negatively moderates social contagion for functional products, whereas it positively moderates contagion for hedonic products. In addition, dense networks enhance contagion over functional product purchases, whereas they mitigate the social influence effect over hedonic product purchases. The authors perform a series of tests and robustness checks to rule out the effect of confounding factors. They supplement their econometric analyses with dynamic matching techniques and estimate average treatment effects. The results of the study have implications for both theory and practice and help provide insights on how managers can monetize social networks and use social information to increase user engagement in online communities.
The Cubic Polynomial Differential Systems with two Circles as Algebraic Limit Cycles
Authors: Giné Jaume , Llibre Jaume , Valls Claudia
Published: October 2017

In this paper we characterize all cubic polynomial differential systems in the plane having two circles as invariant algebraic limit cycles.
The Spaces of Domestic Religion in Late Antique Egypt
Authors: Frankfurter David
Published: October 2017

Domestic religion-or family religion, or household religion-should be considered as a cluster of concerns and orientations, not just “religion in the home.” More importantly, the ritual resolution of these concerns is typically pursued- by the agents of domestic religion (more often women)-in a variety of places, not just in the home: that is, the local environment and neighborhood and even further afield. For example, a pilgrimage shrine is not in itself a phenomenon of domestic religion; it is its own religious phenomenon. But it is in the nature of domestic religion to include that pilgrimage shrine as part of a “domestic” topography of ritual spaces. This is the kind of extra-domestic space that this paper addresses.