bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CALCULATION OF THE RELEVANT COLREG VARIANTS OF THE COMBINED ACTION TO AVOID COLLISION
Authors: Vagushchenko A.L. , Vagushchenko A.A.
Published: December 2020

An algorithm is proposed for determining the set of corresponding to the COLREG variants of combined action (alteration course with the speed) to avoid collision with several vessels. When establishing compliance with COLREG, 11 types of meeting of the dangerous target and own ship and four stages (planning of maneuver, early, possible and urgent measures) at the segment of COLREG performance in relation to this target were distinguished. It was assumed that the action to prevent a collision is determined at the first stage. We used the general and particular indicators of the COLREG compliance for each of possible variants of combined action. Due to the large number of such options, the formulas used in their analysis for forecasting, assessment of safety and other goals were simplified so that the calculation time was acceptable. On this basis, the danger domain for the targets was selected simple, circular in shape, with the center shifted relative to the target to take into account the greater risk of crossing its course along the bow than at the stern. It was supposed acceptable to replace the trajectories of combined actions with a combination of a straight segment and an arc of a circle; to represent the change in speed during braking by a second-order polynomial; to consider as unrelated the course and speed changes in the joint operation. An algorithm has been developed for obtaining a matrix of general COLREG compliance estimates of possible combined action variants and flow chart of this algorithm is given. By the elements of this matrix, it is possible to search for an effective variant of the passing by under various assumptions and criteria. As an example, an algorithm for calculating the combined action to avoid a collision with a minimum reduction of the speed is given. The reliability of the proposed algorithms was confirmed by simulation modeling of ships collision avoiding processes in various situations. Key words: collision avoidance, combined action, compliance with COLREG, collision avoidance algorithm.
Dynamic Governance Dalam Pengelolaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Di Kota Makassar
Authors: Fajri Yuni Kartika , Khaerah Nur , Razak Fitriani Sari Handayani
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini membahas tentang Dynamic Governance dalam pengelolaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Di Kota Makassar. Lokasi penelitian ini  bertempat di jalan Sultan Hasanuddin, kecamatan Ujung Pandang, kota Makassar.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif yakni memberikan gambaran secara objektif terkait bagaimana keadaan sebenarnya objek yang diteliti, dan tipe penelitian yang digunakan adalah tipe fenomenologi. Adapun sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sumber data primer dan sumber data sekunder dengan jumlah Informan sebanyak 9 orang.Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi.Teknik Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu membandingkan antara pendapat informan yang satu dengan yang lainnya dengan mengajukan pertanyaan yang sama. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukakan bahwa Dynamic Governance dalam pengelolaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau di kota makassar belum berjalan dengan efektif. Hal tersebut terjadi karena kurangnya lahan untuk dijadikan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Publik sehingga masih kesulitan dalam memenuhi target RTH di kota Makassar.
The Plight of Street Children and Juvenile Delinquency in Urban Tanzania: A Review of Literature
Authors: Shitindi Sister Jeston
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT Tanzania as a developing country has been experiencing worsening impacts of the street children phenomenon in practically all its rapidly growing urban areas. Based on the review of literature, the causes of street children include general poverty, loss of family ties (due to polygamy, separation between parents), some unwelcome traditional practices (such as forced marriages, female genital mutilation), and the HIV/AIDS epidemic affecting families. In the street the children have worse living conditions since they have nowhere to live, no food and no protection. In a bid to fend for themselves they end up engaging in juvenile delinquency, causing havoc to the society. Therefore, a more detailed research is required and all stakeholders should pull their resources together so as to obtain a sustainable solution for the street children phenomenon in the country.
Variabilidad genética de familias de medios hermanos de melón criollo ecuatoriano Cucumis melo var. dudaim (L.) Naudin
Authors:   Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo, Espinosa-Carillo José Francisco , Vallejo-Cabrera Franco Alirio ,   Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Published: December 2020

El melón, se cultiva en climas templados y cálidos de todo el mundo; no obstante, la información sobre la variabilidad genética del melón criollo ecuatoriano es limitada, para iniciar programas de mejoramiento. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar características de producción y de calidad del fruto, en 20 familias de medios hermanos, seleccionadas de melón criollo ecuatoriano. El estudio, se realizó en el cantón Palenque, Ecuador. La semilla de las 20 familias seleccionadas, se dispusieron en bloques completos al azar, con tres repeticiones. Las diferencias entre familias fueron significativas para siete caracteres. La familia 73 presentó mayor peso, diámetro, longitud, espesor, cavidad del fruto y producción por hectárea; la familia 7 obtuvo el mayor promedio para grosor de corteza, sólidos solubles y firmeza de pulpa, mientras en la familia 196, se destacó la acidez de pulpa. Existen asociaciones fenotípicas altamente significativas entre peso de fruto con diámetro, longitud, espesor de pulpa, cavidad de fruto y producción por hectárea, en donde los coeficientes de variación genotípica fueron mayores que los coeficientes de variación ambiental. Las estimaciones de heredabilidad en sentido amplio fueron de magnitud alta (>60%), para los 10 caracteres evaluados y la magnitud del progreso genético esperado fue alta (>20%), para peso del fruto, producción por hectárea y grosor de corteza; moderada, para cavidad del fruto y sólidos totales. La selección para melones variedad dudaim, se debe centrar en contenido de sólidos solubles y peso del fruto, que presentó una alta correlación con el rendimiento.
The discriminative ability of Prostate Health Index to detect prostate cancer is enhanced in combination with miR-222-3p
Authors: Tölle Angelika , Jung Klaus , Friedersdorff Frank , Maxeiner Andreas , Lein Michael , Fendler Annika , Stephan Carsten
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: There is an urgent need for better prostate cancer (PCa) biomarkers due to the low specificity of prostate specific antigen (PSA). OBJECTIVE: Prostate Health Index (PHI) is an advanced PSA-based test for early detection of PCa. The present study aim was to investigate the potential improvement of diagnostic accuracy of PHI by its combination with suitable discriminative microRNAs (miRNAs). METHODS: A two-phase study was performed. In a discovery phase, a panel of 177 miRNAs was measured in ten men with biopsy proven PCa and ten men with histologically no evidence of malignancy (NEM). These results were validated in a second phase including 25 patients in each group. The patients of all groups were matched regarding their PSA values and PHI were measured. RESULTS: Based on data in the discovery phase, four elevated miRNAs were selected as potential miRNA candidates for further validation. A combination of miR-222-3p as the best discriminative miRNA with PHI extended the diagnostic accuracy of PHI from an AUC value of 0.690 to 0.787 and resulted in a sensitivity of 72.0% and a specificity of 84.0%. CONCLUSION: Circulating microRNAs show useful diagnostic potential in combination with common used biomarkers to enhance their diagnostic power.
Axiomatizing Rectangular Grids with no Extra Non-unary Relations
Authors: Kopczyński Eryk
Published: December 2020

We construct a first-order formula φ such that all finite models of φ are non-narrow rectangular grids without using any binary relations other than the grid neighborship relations. As a corollary, we prove that a set A ⊆ ℕ is a spectrum of a formula which has only planar models if numbers n ∈ A can be recognized by a non-deterministic Turing machine (or a one-dimensional cellular automaton) in time t(n) and space s(n), where t(n)s(n) ≤ n and t(n); s(n) = Ω(log(n)).
A Unifying Approach for Nonmonotonic S4F, (Reflexive) Autoepistemic Logic, and Answer Set Programming
Authors: Su Ezgi Iraz
Published: December 2020

This paper presents a general strategy, bringing together some major types of nonmonotonic reasoning under a monotonic bimodal setting. Such formalisms are also of interest to the fields of knowledge representation and declarative programming. We exemplify the methodology, capturing minimal model reasoning that underlies nonmonotonicity over S4F first, but then we also show how to apply the technique to other nonmonotonic logics respectively based on the modal logics KD45 and SW5. We naturally succeed it, by modifying only the axioms of the underlying modal logic and show that it successfully works. The last two formalisms are also known as autoepistemic logic (AEL) and its reflexive extension (RAEL) in the given order: AEL is an important form of nonmonotonic reasoning, introduced by Robert C. Moore in order to allow an agent to reason about his own knowledge. Equilibrium logic (EL) is a general-purpose nonmonotonic reasoning formalism, proposed more recently by David Pearce as a semantical framework for answer set programming (ASP). The latter is an efficient declarative problem solving approach with lots of applications to science and technology. Fariñas et al. have embedded EL (and so ASP) into a monotonic bimodal logic. We take this work as an initiative and successfully apply a similar methodology to closely aligned nonmonotonic modal logics. We finally discuss the potential capability to subsume the epistemic extensions of ASP within our unified paradigm.
The Jet-I-U: A biomimetic assistive robot for the visually impaired and elderly
Authors: Gandhi Saurav , Goyal Ayush
Published: December 2020

As the world’s population continues to grow in size and in age, it remains vital to develop streamlined and affordable technologies to address the needs of those who require companionship and care. The elderly and visually impaired remain a significant and ever-increasing segment of society, yet due to the cost of at-home health care, many of these individuals are unable to afford full-time caretakers to assist with everyday tasks. Although the luxury of at-home care remains elusive to many due to the associated cost, social robots are an important and meaningful way to overcome this issue. This research explores how combining the principles of biomimicry and social robotics with the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) can enhance assistive technology. This paper proposes a novel assistive device called the Jet-I-U, which aims to support visually impaired and elderly individuals with day-to-day tasks. The Jet-I-U mimics the behavioral and physical characteristics of a pet scarlet macaw and provides both information and companionship to this demographic. The device emulates a scarlet macaw’s morphology and movement through laser-cut features and various biomimetic components. The intelligence and behavioral characteristics of the macaw are modeled by the application of IoT Edge platforms, AI, and Machine Learning (ML). By utilizing powerful off-the-shelf microcontrollers like the NVIDIA Jetson Nano and Raspberry Pi, this device is both affordable and practical. Experimental analysis was performed to evaluate Jet-I-U’s performance based on several criteria. The results demonstrated the versatility and applicability of the proposed solution as a companion to the visually impaired and elderly.
A hybrid deep learning model for predicting and targeting the less immunized area to improve childrens vaccination rate
Authors: Mohanraj G. , Mohanraj V. , Senthilkumar J. , Suresh Y.
Published: December 2020

There has been a major and rising interest in India for increasing vaccination rate among peoples to make the nation healthier and safer. In this paper, a new hybrid deep learning model is proposed to predict and target vaccination rates in the less immunized regions. The Rank-Based Multi-Layer Perceptron (R-MLP) hybrid deep learning framework uses the data collected from the recently updated District Level Household Survey-4 (DLHS). R-MLP model predicts and categorizes the percentage of partly immunized vaccination rates as extreme, low and medium ranges. This predicted findings are cross-verified by Deep Soft Cosine Semantic and Ranking SVM based model (DSS-RSM). DSS-RSM model uses the data obtained from the medical practitioners through a location-based social network. The proposed model predicts and extracts patterns with high similarity frequency for identifying vulnerable low immunization regions. It classifies the predicted patterns into two classes such as Class 1 is denoted as high ranked regions and Class 2 is denoted as low ranked regions based on the percentage of pattern matches. Finally, the results from R-MLP and DSS-RSM models are cross-linked together using ensemble model. This model finds the loss values to identify the target regions were health care program need to be conducted for increasing the level of immunization among children’s. The proposed hybrid deep learning models trains and validates using python-based Keras and TensorFlow deep learning libraries. The performance of the proposed hybrid deep learning model is compared with other variant machine learning techniques such as Decision Tree C5.0, Naive Bayes and Linear Regression. This comparative results are evaluated using evaluation measures such as Precision, Recall, Accuracy and F1-Measure. Our results show that the hybrid deep learning system is clearly superior to any other alternative approach.
Comparative analysis of the cost of pharmacotherapy schemes for patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Khanyk N. L. , Levytska O. R. , Bilushchak G. I. , Khanyk T. Ya.
Published: December 2020

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an unpredictable and progressive inflammatory disease of the joints of an immune nature, which in general for various reasons reduces the life expectancy of patients by 5 to 10 years. Pharmacotherapy of RA is based on long-term use of a large number of drugs of different pharmacotherapeutic groups, the cost of which varies significantly. The above makes the study of economic parameters of RA treatment an urgent problem.

The aim of the study was to analyse the cost characteristics of pharmacotherapy of inpatients with RA in a hospital in order to optimize the cost of medication for these patients.

The data of medical cards and medical records of 89 and 108 inpatients with RA, which were treated in the rheumatology department of the 4th Lviv City Clinical Hospital in 2009 and 2019, respectively, were selected as objects of the study. The methods of information retrieval, mathematical statistics, frequency, comparative, content analysis, data generalization, cost analysis were used.

Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), glucocorticosteroids (GCs), and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were grouped into six schemes for the RA pharmacotherapy in 2009 and 2019. An increase in the number of appointments of those schemes in which DMARDs were used has been established. The maximum share in both analysed periods was occupied by the triple pharmacotherapy scheme, which included all the above-mentioned drugs. This scheme was also the most expensive and its value at average retail prices (ARP) increased the most (9.4 times) from 2009 till 2019. During the analysed period, the average salary in Lviv region increased in 5.4 times, while the cost change indices (Ic) of different pharmacotherapy schemes, calculated on the basis of ARP, ranged from 6.9 for the two-component scheme with DMARDs and NSAIDs to 9.4 for the three-component scheme with DMARDs, GCs and NSAIDs. The analysis of affordability indices (Ia) showed that the most accessible was a two-component scheme, which included DMARDs and NSAIDs (Ia = 0.78). The study of the influence of the cost of the treatment schemes on the frequency of their prescribing using correlation analysis showed a very high dependence of these indices (R = 0.97). Pairwise correlations of pharmacotherapy appointment change indices (Iap) from Ic based on minimum (RPmin), maximum (RPmax) or average retail prices in Lviv pharmacies made it possible to establish a very high pair dependence of Iap from Ic calculated only on the basis of RPmax or ARP (R = 0.90).

Thus, the analysis of patients' consumption of drugs for pharmacotherapy RA in the hospital allowed us to establish that in 2019 the treatment of RA became less available in comparison to 2009.
PHOTONS GENERATED BY PLASMA FLUCTUATIONS
Authors:   Department of Physical   Electronics and Laboratory of Plasma physics Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, Pardy Miroslav
Published: December 2020

The totally ionized charged collisionless plasma at finite temperature is considered. Using the statistical and Schwinger field methods we derive the production of photons from the plasma by the Cerenkov mechanism. We derive the spectral formula of emitted photons by the plasma fluctuations. The calculation can be extended to the photon propagator involving radiative corrections.
Application of Systems for Complex Integrative Automatic Assembly of Electronic Components Super Systems and Subsystems with Pre-Stamping of Incoming Parts and Elements
Authors: Shekhovtsov Dmitrii
Published: December 2020

An essential part of any production process is to actively monitor the parameters of these processes in real time. The most promising method of active real time monitoring is non contact monitoring or monitoring in the mode of electromagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Since these methods are fundamentally new and are only being implemented in technological processes, it makes sense to consider them in more detail.
APPLICATION OF METHODS OF STANDARDIZATION OF BETA-RADIATION SPECTRUM IN LIQUID-SCINTILLATION TREATMENT
Authors:   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU, Buzynnyi M.G.
Published: December 2020

The features of beta spectra standardization for modern liquid scintillation counting (LSC) us-ing Quantulus 1220TM alpha beta spectrometer are considered. The range of tasks is tritium meas-urement, beta-spectrometric determination of strontium-90, determination of strontium-90 by Che-renkov counting, determination of lead-210 in aerosol filters, radiocarbon studies. The purpose of the study was to summarize and analyze the peculiarities of the application of the methods of spectra standardization of beta-emitters in the study of radioactivity of environmental objects based on liquid scintillation counting. Materials and methods: liquid scintillation counting, LSC, Cherenkov counting, radiochemi-cal preparation of samples, spectra decomposition of beta-emitters. Results: Methods for spectra standardization of beta-emitters samples were analyzed in the study of 3H, 14C, 90Sr, 210Pb in environmental objects using a modern Quantulus 1220TM liquid scintil-lation spectrometer. The acceptability, effectiveness and scope of application of the methods of stand-ardization and spectra decomposition for beta-emitters for liquid scintillation counting and Cerenkov counting are grounded.
CHANGES IN INDICATORS OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF 6-YEAR CHILDREN OF KYIV CITY IN DYNAMIC 1912–2019
Authors:   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU, Polka N.S. , Platonova A.G. ,   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU, Yatskovska N.Y. ,   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU, Zhebelenko M.G. ,   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU, Shkarban K.S. ,   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU, Zіnoveva T.U. ,   STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU
Published: December 2020

Objective: on the basis of dynamic observations to assess changes in the physical development of preschool children in Kyiv, and to develop standardized indicators. Research methods: hygienic, physiological, anthropometric, statistical. Object of study - preschool children in Kyiv, both sexes, aged 6 years; indicators of physical development, scientific literature. In order to assess the dynamics of the physical development of preschool children, to develop standardized indicators, using anthropometric, physiological and hygienic research methods, we studied the morphological and functional indicators of physical development of 413 modern preschoolers in Kyiv. Results: it is proved that modern children of 6 years of age in comparison with their peers in 1912, 1962 and 2009 have a narrower chest, ie more prone to asthenic body structure, which is especially pronounced among girls. It is also impossible to exclude the beginning of the slowing down of acceleration processes in both sex and age groups, and given the data of physical development of girls, even in the future the tendency to stagnation of physical development. Thus, there is a sexual differentiation of the growth processes of children of five years of age, as evidenced by significant differences in the morphological, functional and anthropometric characteristics of preschoolers, but different rates of their physical development are noted.
Kajian Waktu Penyelesaian Metode Crane Dan Metode Launcher Dalam Pelaksanaan Erection Girder Jembatan (Studi Kasus : Pembangunan Jalan Tol Semarang – Solo Ruas Salatiga – Boyolali Sta 40+409 – Sta 71+785)
Authors: Izza Farouq Khoirul , Praditama Muhammad Ariya , Kirana Claudia Nimas , Setyono Karnawan Joko , Sudarmono Sudarmono
Published: December 2020

The Semarang-Solo Toll Road Project for the Salatiga-Kartasura Section is one part of the Trans Java toll road development project, one of the jobs in the form of an erection girder with the method used, namely the Crane and Launcher methods. The purpose of this study is to compare the completion time between Crane and Launcher Methods with field studies and analysis. Stages of research include literature studies, primary data collection in the form of variable time of completion and secondary data then analyzed by comparing the completion time of the second method of erection girder on girder with a span of 20.8 meters and 40.8 meters. The results of the comparison of completion time were obtained on a 20.8 meter span erection girder seen from the shortest time Crane Method was more efficient 61.44% than the Launcher Method, the longest time Crane Method was more efficient 32.13% of the Launcher Method, and Method average time Crane is more efficient 52.15% than the Launcher Method. Then on the span erection girder 40.8 m seen from the shortest time Crane Method is more efficient 61.48% than the Launcher Method, the longest time Crane Method is more efficient 29.82% than the Launcher Method, and the average time of the Crane Method is more efficient 41, 81% of the Launcher Method.
ANALISA PERBEDAAN LPS (LAST PLANNER SYSTEM) DENGAN SISTEM KONVENSIONAL SERTA PENGARUH CPM DAN BAR CHART PADA LPS
Authors: A Sadhu Adwitya , Wibowo M. Agung , Syafrudin Syafrudin
Published: December 2020

Two generally method / tools which used in project construction management system in Indonesia and the name are CPM (critical part method) or network planning and Bar Chart. The system used general method called conventional management system. Nowadays, was appeared one of a new system which seldom to applied in Indonesia, it is called LPS (last planner system). This research, researcher doing analyzed the differences between LPS and conventional management system. The result which obtained in this research are LPS dominated to accentuates team collaborative in the scheduling planning, resource allocation, control and enhance of work productivity, issue solved, regularly scheduling planning. Conventional management system more rely on the way CPM and Bar Chart working in that system with project manager decision. Planning of the schedule in this system doing by scheduling team. rescheduling in this system is not routine, it’s depend by construction progress. CPM and Bar Chart methods is influence on LPS. The both of methods was appeared in master scheduling, look a head scheduling, weekly work planning, shielding production, workable back log, percent plan completed and reliable promise process
KAJIAN KUALITAS AMBIEN UDARA DI KOTA SEMARANG (Studi Kasus: Jalan Setiabudi Dan Jalan Anton Sujarwo)
Authors: Warsiti Warsiti , Risman Risman , Ristiawan Ardhi
Published: December 2020

It is hoped that the study of air quality monitoring in the area around the road can provide input to the Policy Provider regarding the number of motorized vehicles and road geometry planning so that air quality continues to meet health standards. The tool used in this study is a CO meter. Data was collected for 1 week on roads in Semarang by recording the number of vehicles passing within a certain period of time on roads with various road slopes and the amount of CO levels in the air. The data from the measurement results are compiled and then analyzed, namely analyzing the relationship between the amount of CO content in the air and the number of vehicles on the road with a certain slope. From the results of the analysis, the results will be obtained how much influence the number of passing vehicles with CO levels in the air on roads with certain slopes. The resulting output is a graph of the relationship between CO levels and the number of vehicles on various road slopes. The results showed that there was an increase in the amount of CO to the number of vehicles for the variation of the road slope of 0.5%, 2% and 5%. A significant increase in the amount of CO occurred during peak hours, namely 7.00 - 8.00 and 16.00 - 17.00 hours even exceeding the established threshold of 15,000 μg / Nm3.
STRATEGI PERCEPATAN PROYEK MENGGUNAKAN METODE CRASH PROGRAM (Studi Kasus : Program Kerja Masa Pengeringan Proyek Rehabilitasi Saluran Induk Klambu Kiri Tahun 2017)
Authors: Utomo Eko Marsudi , Wibowo Mochamad Agung , Sriyana Sriyana
Published: December 2020

Based on the initial plan from the contract of the Rehabilitation Klambu Kiri’s Project, main channel's work was carried out continously by an open and closed system using the kistdam method. However by the time of execution work, the stakeholders wanted the work in the main channel to be carried out based on cropping pattern, where there a drying period and a drainage period. In this case, flow area and bottom structure of the channel can only be worked during the drying period lasting three months. To be able to determine the impact of these change, a duration calculation is carried out from project's data which are internal's BQ, initial plan's resources, and the relations between activities using Microsoft Project on the flow section structure which be worked in drying period of 2017. The normal duration obtained from analysis is 203 days. It was exceeded time of drying period and possibly could have an impact on the overall project completion schedule resulting in delays, defaults and even termination of contracts. Therefore, it is necessary to have an accelerate strategy of the work on the flow section structure to be completed within a predetermined time. In this study, the acceleration strategy was carried out using crashing analysis in the critical activities from normal duration using Microsoft Project. The crashing method was carried out in stages from the crashing simulation of 30 days, 60 days, to 120 days so that obtained the duration of acceleration was 83 days. The cost component of acceleration is calculated by choosing the lowest cost from the alternatives of increasing work hours (overtime) or by adding resources. From the simulation results, the crash cost to complete the acceleration work is Rp. 1.298.307.591,- or about 2,05% of direct cost, so the efficiency is Rp. 9.692.409,- from normal duration
Análise Descritiva do Perfil dos Exames Citopatológicos do Colo do Útero Realizados em Mulheres Indígenas e Não Indígenas no Brasil, 2008-2011
Authors: Pla Maria Asunción Solé , Corrêa Flávia Miranda , Claro Itamar Bento , Silva Marcos André Felix da , Dias Maria Beatriz Kneipp , Bortolon Paula Chagas
Published: December 2020

Introdução: Existem no Brasil 408.056 mulheres indígenas. Essa população é mais vulnerável aos agravos de grande magnitude, entre eles o câncer do colo do útero. Contudo existem poucos estudos sobre essa questão entre indígenas. Objetivo: Descrever o perfil dos exames citopatológicos realizados na população indígena brasileira em comparação a não indígenas. Método: Análise descritiva de frequência e proporção dos exames citopatológicos realizados entre mulheres indígenas e não indígenas registradas no Sistema de Informação do Câncer do Colo do Útero (SISCOLO ) segundo regiões de residência para o período de 2008 a 2011. Resultados: Entre 2008 e 2010, 8% dos exames citopatológicos realizados no país registraram a informação de cor/raça, sendo que em 2011 esta proporção aumentou para 12,4%. Em indígenas e não indígenas, respectivamente, foram realizados 11.964 e 3.738.707 exames satisfatórios; foram considerados insatisfatórios 1% e 1,2% dos exames; 74,9% e 77,2% dos exames foram realizados na faixa etária de 25 a 64 anos; 20% e 17,5% dos exames foram realizados abaixo dos 25 anos; 83,4% e 76,5% dos exames foram realizados no intervalo de 1 a 2 anos; 2,1% e 2,9% dos exames apresentaram-se alterados. A razão lesão de alto grau / câncer invasor do colo do útero passou de 11,5, em 2009, para 16,1, em 2011, em não indígenas e de 1,7 para 5,0 entre indígenas. Conclusão: Os dados evidenciam a importância do tema para as mulheres indígenas, sugerem dificuldade de acesso aos exames citopatológicos para esse grupo, e ressaltam a necessidade de melhoria da informação cor/raça no SISCOLO .
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STAD DALAM RANGKA MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Zanuarista Linda , Sulistyowati Shanti Nugroho
Published: December 2020

Berdasarkan hasil Observasi didapatkan informasi bahwa keaktifan dan hasil belajar ekonomi di MA Hasyim Asy’ari  Jogoroto masih rendah dilihat dari pengalaman guru pada pembelajaran di tahun-tahun sebelumnya, dimana sebanyak kurang lebih 50 % siswa yang pasif dan sering membentuk gank, siswa kurang antusias dan berani dalam mengutarakan pendapat serta karena dipengaruhi oleh cara penyajian atau model pembelajaran yang diterapkan oleh guru yang menurut siswa menjenuhkan.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan model pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe STAD dalam rangka meningkatkana aktivitas belajar siswa. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X IIS-1 di MA Hasyim Asy’ari Jogoroto sebanyak 40 siswa. Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini adalah data aktivitas siswa serta guru dengan teknik observasi dan dianalisis dengan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan peningkatan Pada siklus I dengan rata-rata aktivitas siswa sebesar 30 % dan tindakan guru sebesar 64 % . Kekurangan pada siklus I diperbaiki di siklus II, ini terbukti dengan adanya peningkatan rata-rata aktivitas siswa yaitu sebesar 60 % dan tindakan guru sebanyak 93 %. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan aktivitas belajar siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD (Student Teams Achievement Divisions).
Mutluluk Saldırganlık İlişkisine Yönelik Bir Araştırma
Authors: Doğan Tayfun , Akıncı Çötok Nesrin
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinde mutluluk ve saldırganlık arasındaki ilişkileri araştırmaktır. Çalışmaya 621 üniversite öğrencisi katılmıştır. Bu çalışmada veri toplama araçları olarak Oxford Mutluluk Ölçeği, Buss-Perry Saldırganlık Ölçeği ve Kişisel Bilgi Formu kullanılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda, mutluluk düzeyi en yüksek olan grubun genel saldırganlık, öfke, düşmanlık, fiziksel saldırganlık ve sözel saldırganlık vpuanlarının, orta düzeyde mutlu olan ve düşük düzeyde mutlu olan gruba göre daha düşük olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca mutluluğun saldırganlığı negatif yönde anlamlı bir şekilde yordadığı sonucu elde edilmiştir. Katılımcıların mutluluk düzeyleri arttıkça saldırganlık düzeyleri düşmektedir ve daha mutlu bireyler daha az saldırganlık davranışları göstermektedir.
Los retos de la fiscalidad ante el envejecimiento: evidencia comparada de la UE, EE UU y Japón
Authors: Borrallo Fructuoso , Párraga-Rodríguez Susana , Pérez Javier J.
Published: December 2020

Presentamos evidencia basada en microdatos para la UE, EE UU y Japón que indica que los contribuyentes de mayor edad soportan tipos impositivos efectivos más reducidos que los más jóvenes (por caída de renta y tipo de cesta de consumo). No obstante, los cambios impositivos de las últimas décadas han dado como resultado un aumento de la contribución relativa de este grupo a las finanzas públicas.
Optimization of Outpatient Drug Care for Patients with Arterial Hypertension in Healthcare Conditions of the Republic of Kazakhstan based on Pharmacoeconomic Analysis
Authors:   National Center for the Rational Use of Medicines, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Begesheva Dinara
Published: December 2020

Abstract In the Republic of Kazakhstan, as in the whole world, cardiovascular diseases make the first place in terms of the “contribution” to the morbidity and mortality of the population. Arterial hypertension is the leading modifiable cause of cardiovascular and overall mortality in the world. Purpose of the study: To assess the pharmacoeconomic feasibility of using fixed combinations in the treatment of patients with arterial hypertension in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Methods. Review of domestic and foreign literature on the state of the management of patients with arterial hypertension, ABC / VEN- and frequency analyzes of the consumption of antihypertensive drugs, questioning patients for adherence to therapy and identifying their opinions about convenient therapy regimens, pharmacoeconomic analysis of the use of amlodipine in combination with lisinopril and their fixed combination. Results. In the updated version of the 2018 European Society of Cardiology guidelines, fixed combinations of two drugs in the form of one tablet strengthened their position as first-line therapy. Preferred dual combinations are those of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers with calcium channel blockers or diuretics. Analysis of financing and coverage of the population with drugs at the outpatient level within the guaranteed volume of free medical care showed that arterial hypertension is the most costly nosology, while a tendency to inadequate provision of patients with antihypertensive drugs was revealed. The highest costs were associated with fixed combinations, despite the fact that they ranked only 5th in frequency of prescriptions, the most popular was the combination of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor with a calcium channel blocker (amlodipine / lisinopril). The results of the pharmacoeconomic analysis showed the feasibility of using a fixed combination of amlodipine / lisinopril, which makes it possible to assume the same trend in relation to other fixed combinations. Conclusions. The results obtained indicate the need to provide access for patients with arterial hypertension to fixed combination drugs. At the same time, the inclusion of these drugs in state drug supply programs may be accompanied by an increase in the burden on the health care system budget due to their high cost. The results of pharmacoeconomic studies should be the basis for making managerial decisions in the field of drug circulation. Key words: arterial hypertension, combined antihypertensive therapy, fixed combinations, pharmacoeconomic analysis
Prerequisites for Improving the Anti-epidemic Regime in Medical Organizations in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Astana Medical University, Khassenova Assel , Khamidullina Zaituna ,   Vice-Director of the multifunctional hospital No.3 for the obstetric and gynecological block, Danbayeva Zhuldyz ,   Director of the multifunctional hospital No.3, Aldabekova Gulnoza ,   Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Astana Medical University,, Bruzzati Luka ,   Professor of Public Health of the Bocconi University
Published: December 2020

The pandemic of COVID-19 remained the central issue for public health due to the rapid spread and high contagiousness of the virus. In Kazakhstan, anti-epidemic measures developed and implemented came as sufficient prevention, which provides the prevention of airborne and contact mode of transmission. However, there are studies that indicated the existence of a fecal-oral mode of transmission due to the presence of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) on the surface of cells of the gastrointestinal tract. Health care workers are at a significantly increased risk of infection because they are in constant contact with potential sources of viral infection. The personnel of medical organizations play a leading role in the fight against the pandemic; the task of the health care system is to create conditions for maintaining and strengthening their health. Considering persisting risks, it is necessary to foresee possible routes of transmission of infection and strengthen the anti-epidemic measurements, taking into account the fecal-oral mode of transmission. Key words: COVID-19, anti-epidemic measures, nosocomial infection, fecal-oral transmission, angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), Kazakhstan.
Analysis of the Staff of GPs Providing Primary Health Care to the Population of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2010-2018
Authors:   Deputy Director for Science of the Central Research Institute of Health Organization and Informatization of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Son Irina , Koikov Vitaliy ,   Head of the Center for the Education and Science Development, Republican Center for Healthcare Development, Kulov Duisentay ,   Professor at the School of Public Health, Biomedicine and Pharmacy, Karaganda Medical University, Omarkulov Bauyrzhan ,   Director of the Institute of Public Health and Professional Education, Karaganda Medical University, Mergentay Aigul ,   Leading Expert of the Department of Medical Education Development Center for the Development of Education and Science, Republican Center for Healthcare Development
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study: To analyze the staffing level and the provision of full-time positions of district therapists providing primary health care to the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2010-2018. Materials and methods: Within the framework of the study, the analysis of the data of form No. 30 «Report of the medical and preventive organization» for 16 regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2010-2018 was carried out. Calculated extensive and intensive indicators. To determine the planned (calculated) function of a medical position for the provision of primary health care to the population, data were analyzed for all regions of the country. Results: Analysis of the provision of medical organizations with district therapists who provide primary health care to the population at the outpatient level for the study period (2010-2018) in the republic showed a decrease in the national indicator by 64.7% (1,70/000 – 0,60/000), negative growth rates are observed in Kyzylorda (-92.9%) and Aktobe (-85.0%) regions. In 2010, the figure was 1.8 per 10,000 population. However, since 2013, the rate of staffing of general practitioners on a stable basis began to decline. The rate of rapid decline is observed in the Atyrau region, where the indicator decreased from 1.3 (2010) to 0.2 per 10,000 population (2018). A similar trend is observed in Almaty (from 2.1 to 0.5). Conclusions: General indicators of the provision of full-time district therapists in all regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period 2010-2018. were not 100%. Also, over the period under study, there is a tendency to decrease the rate of staffing with full-time district therapists across the republic from 96% to 98%. Key words: people’s health, district general practitioner, staffing, primary health care.
Implementation of an Effective Strategy for the Development of Human Capital as a Basis for Strengthening the National Health System
Authors:   General Director of the Republican Center for Healthcare Development, Tossekbaev Kanat , Sultangaziyev Timur ,   Chairman of the Committee for Quality Control and Safety of Goods and Services of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: December 2020

One of the most important components of strengthening the national health system is the introduction of an effective strategy for the development of human capital in the industry based on improving the status of health workers, changing the sectoral system of qualifications and their confirmation, changing approaches to the health education system, as well as improving the system of state planning for training health workers. The implementation of these measures will ensure an increase in the efficiency of human resources management in the industry, ensuring the provision of quality healthcare services. At the same time, the new sectoral policy of human resource management should be based on such principles as the availability of the necessary human resources, the proper competence of employees, integrated development of human resources, responsiveness of human resources to the needs of the population, continuous professional development, productivity of human resources, and social recognition. Key words: human resources for health, training of health workers, status of health workers
Pengaruh Perbedaan Tekanan Pengepresan terhadap Kualitas Briket Arang Kotoran Sapi
Authors: Siki Eugenius Belarminus , T.B. Oktovianus R. Nahak.
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di laboratorium Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Timor, berlangsung selama 1 bulan terhitung dari 07 Agustus 2019 sampai dengan 05 September 2019. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan tekanan pengepresan terhadap kualitas briket arang kotoran sapi. Penelitian ini menggunakan model rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 4 kali sehinggan terdapat 16 unit percobaan. Komposisi briket tersebut yaitu 95% kotoran sapi dan tepung kanji 5% adapun perlakuan yang diuji terdiri dari: (R1) = Briket kotoran sapi dengan tekanan pengepresan10 kg/cm2,(R2) : Briket kotoran sapi dengan tekanan pengepresan 20 kg/cm2,(R3) : Briket kotoran sapi dengan tekanan pengepresan 30 kg/cm2dan (R4) : Briket kotoran sapi dengan tekanan pengepresan 40 kg/cm2. Hasil sidik ragam anova menunjukkan bahwa parameter kadar air dan kadar abu tidak menunjukkan pengaruh nyata antar perlakuan sedangkan laju pembakaran dan nilai kalor menunjukkan pengaruh nyata antar perlakuan (P<0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa kualitas briket terbaik dilihat dari kadar air dan nilai kalor adalah pada perlakuan R3 (Briket kotoran sapi dengan tekanan pengepresan 30 kg/cm2) , sedangkan untuk kadar abu dan laju pembakaran terbaik pada perlakuan R2 (Briket kotoran sapi dengan tekanan pengepresan 20 kg/cm2).
Formação continuada de professores alfabetizadores no âmbito do PNAIC: contribuições para as práticas de ensino da leitura e da escrita
Authors: Silva Alexsandro Da , De Souza Aline Gomes
Published: December 2020

A formação continuada de professores tem sido reconhecida, cada vez mais, como um direito e uma necessidade. Nesse cenário, especialmente a partir do início do século XXI, diversos programas governamentais de formação continuada de professores têm sido ofertados às redes públicas de ensino do país. O presente artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo analisar as contribuições do curso de formação continuada do Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetização na Idade Certa, realizado no ano de 2013, para as práticas de ensino da leitura e da escrita de 10 (dez) professoras alfabetizadoras participantes do curso no referido ano na cidade de Brejo da Madre de Deus – PE. Para tanto, como procedimento metodológico, utilizamos a entrevista semiestruturada, a qual gerou dados que foram submetidos à analise temática de conteúdo. Os resultados revelam-nos que parece ter havido a incorporação de algumas propostas da formação no ensino da leitura e da escrita, sobretudo no que se refere ao trabalho com os gêneros textuais e à ludicidade. Entretanto, essa incorporação não acontece como uma mera reprodução, mas, sim, a partir das experiências vivenciadas cotidianamente pelos professores.
Dossiê: Feminismos e Educação
Authors: SANTANA Organizadoras: Paula , MORAES Lorena
Published: December 2020

DOI 10.33052/2525-7668As duas faces do dossiê deste número da Revista Interritórios, feminismos e educação, aproximam-se não só como movimentos transformadores, mas também como elaborações teórico-críticas que permeiam fortemente o imaginário social. Por um lado, os processos educativos compreendidos na chave da redenção, da possibilidade de diminuir as abismais desigualdades sociais do país, podem também ser perpassados por uma perspectiva sexista, reproduzindo estruturas sociais de dominação masculina, com reforço às práticas da cultura patriarcal. Na contramão, tanto os movimentos sociais feministas quanto as epistemologias feministas denunciam essas dinâmicas e propõem elaborações para que estes mesmos processos educativos agentes das desigualdades de gênero, possam ser articulados, em sua perspectiva formal e não formal, para a desconstrução das estruturas patriarcais que atingem mulheres (e homens) em toda a sua diversidade. Desse encontro entre luta política, produção acadêmica e pedagogias diversas, surgem as contribuições deste dossiê. Feminism and educationThe two faces of this issue of Revista Interritórios, feminismos y educación, approach not only as transformative movements, but also as theoretical-critical elaborations that permeate the social imaginary. On the one hand, the educational processes included in the key to redemption, the possibility of reducing the country's abysmal social inequalities, can also be crossed by a sexist perspective, reproducing social structures of male domination, reinforcing the practices of patriarchal culture. On the contrary, both feminist social movements and feminist epistemologies denounce these dynamics and propose elaborations so that these same educational processes, agents of gender inequalities, can be articulated, in their formal and non-formal perspective, to the deconstruction of the patriarchal structures that reach women (and men) in all their diversity. From this encounter between political struggle, academic production and various pedagogies, the contributions of this dossier arise.