bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHETIC STUDIES ON ARENE‐OLEFIN CYCLOADDITIONS ‐ VII: A THREE‐STEP TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF (.+‐.)‐SILPHINENE
Authors: WENDER P. A. , TERNANSKY R. J.
Published: May 2016

Aus 2‐Brom‐toluol (I) und dem ungesättigten Keton (II) wird nach bekannten Verfahren das Alkenyl‐benzol (III) hergestellt, das photolytisch zu den isomeren Cyclisierungsprodukten (IV) und (V) führt.
ChemInform Abstract: THE SYNTHESIS OF ADAMANTANE‐2,4‐DIONE
Authors: GILBERT E. E.
Published: May 2016

Durch Oxidation von Adamantanon (I) wird das 2,4‐Dion (II) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: BICYCLO(3.3.1)NONANES AS SYNTHETIC INTERMEDIATES. X. A FACILE SYNTHETIC ROUTE E TO 7‐HYDROXYTRICYCLO(4.3.1.03,7)DECAN‐2‐ONE (7‐HYDROXYISOTWISTAN‐2‐ONE)
Authors: MOMOSE T. , YOSHIZAWA E. , MURAOKA O.
Published: May 2016

Auf dein skizzierten Reaktionsweg entsteht aus dem bicyclischen Diketon (I) durch Ringerweiterung das Homodiketon (VII), das sich unter Säurekatalyse zur im Titel genannten Verbindung (VIII) umlagert.
ChemInform Abstract: AN UNPRECEDENTED SELECTIVE AUTOXIDATION OF TERTIARY AMINES TO AMINE OXIDES
Authors: RILEY D. P. , CORREA P. E.
Published: May 2016

Die tertiären Amine (I) reagieren unter hohen Drücken mit molekularem Sauerstoff zu den N‐Oxiden (II).
ChemInform Abstract: AROMATIC SUBSTITUTION. 52. SUPERACID‐CATALYZED CARBONYLATION OF AROMATICS WITH CARBON MONOXIDE
Authors: OLAH G. A. , LAALI K. , FAROOQ O.
Published: May 2016

Die Formylierung der Aromaten (I) zu den Aldehyden (II) wird unter verschiedenen Reaktionsbedingungen untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW SYNTHESIS OF 3‐FLUOROVERATROLE AND 2‐FLUORO‐3,4‐DIMETHOXYBENZALDEHYDE
Authors: LADD D. L. , GAITANOPOULOS D. , WEINSTOCK J.
Published: May 2016

Auf dem skizzierten Weg wird ausgehend von o‐FluorphenoI (I) Fluorveratrol (VII) synthetisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: METALLIC NICKEL‐MEDIATED SYNTHESIS OF KETONES BY THE REACTION OF BENZYLIC, ALLYLIC, VINYLIC, AND PENTAFLUOROPHENYL HALIDES WITH ACID HALIDES
Authors: INABA S. , RIEKE R. D.
Published: May 2016

Die Umsetzung der Benzylhalogenide (I) mit den Säurechloriden (II) führt in Gegenwart von metallischem Nickel zu einer Vielzahl von Benzylketonen (III), die z.Tl. weitere funktionelle Gruppen tragen.
ChemInform Abstract: REGIOSPECIFIC NUCLEOPHILE‐INDUCED FRAGMENTATION OF α,α‐DICHLORO‐β‐IMINO CARBONYL COMPOUNDS
Authors: DE KIMPE N. , VERHE R. , DE BUYCK L. , SCHAMP N.
Published: May 2016

Aus den Dichlor‐β‐ketocarbonsäureestern (I) erhält man die lmine (II), die unter basischen‐ Bedingungen zu Carbonaten (V) und den Iminen (IV) ges spalten werden.
ChemInform Abstract: ALKYLATION AND SILYLATION OF 2H‐AZIRINES
Authors: BELLOIR P. F. , LAURENT A. , MISON P. , BARTNIK R. , LESNIAK S.
Published: May 2016

Das Azirin (I) wird zu (II) lithiiert, das mit elektrophilen Reagentien in der Seitenkette zu (III) substituiert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: CONDENSED HETEROCYCLES. 44. SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF 2‐MERCAPTO‐3‐BENZO(B)FURANALDIMINE, 3‐MERCAPTO‐2‐BENZO(B)FURANALDIMINE, AND THEIR DERIVATIVES
Authors: VAISBURG A. F. , MORTIKOV V. YU. , LITVINOV V. P.
Published: May 2016

Aus den 2‐Bromund 3‐Chlorbenzofuranaldehyden (I) und (VI) werden durch Umsetzung mit Natriumhydrogensulfid und Aminen sowie durch S‐Methylierung Mercaptoaldehyde, S‐Methylmercaptoaldehyde und ihre Aminderivate hergestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS OF 1,1′‐METHYLENEBIS‐1H‐PYRROLE DERIVATIVES
Authors: GONZALEZ C. R. , GREENHOUSE R.
Published: May 2016

Unter den Bedingungen der Phasen‐Transfer‐Katalyse reagieren die Pyrrol‐Derivate (I) mit dem Lösungsmittel Methylenchlorid zu den Methylen‐bis‐pyrrolen (II).
ChemInform Abstract: ANTIINFLAMMATORY 2,3‐DIHYDRO‐1H‐PYRROLIZINES. II: ADDITION OF 6,7‐DIPHENYL‐2,3‐DIHYDRO‐1H‐PYRROLIZINE TO DIMETHYL ACETYLENEDICARBOXYLATE AND DIETHYL AZODICARBOXYLATE
Authors: DANNHARDT G. , STEINDL L.
Published: May 2016

Das Dihydropyrrolizin (I) reagiert mit Acetylendicarbonsäuredimethylester (II) zu den cis‐ltrans‐Addukten (IIIa) und (IIIb).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF AZIRINES WITH NUCLEOPHILIC THIOLS. 2. REACTIONS OF 2H‐AZIRINE WITH β‐, Γ‐DIHYDROXY THIOLS AND β‐THIOLS. NOVEL SYNTHESIS OF CYCLIC SULFIDES
Authors: EL'KINSON R. S. , EREMEEV A. V. , LIEPIN'SH E. E.
Published: May 2016

Das Azirin (I) reagiert mit den Dihydroxythiolen (II) unter Additiön an die Doppelbindung zu (III).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS WITH MALEIMIDES: SYNTHESIS OF SEVERAL NEW FUSED PYRAZOLIDINES, Δ2‐PYRAZOLINE AND PYRAZOLE DERIVATIVES
Authors: GHABRIAL S. S. , MOHARRAM H. H. , AZIZ S. I.
Published: May 2016

Bei der Umsetzung der Phenylhydrazone (I) mit den N‐Arylmaleinimiden (IIa) und (IIb) werden die bicyclischen Pyrazolidine (IIIa) und (IIIb) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: PHYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY IN PYRAZOLE DERIVATIVES. II
Authors: COCCO M. T. , MACCIONI A. , PLUMITALLO A.
Published: May 2016

Es wird eine Reihe von substituierten 1,5‐Diphenylpyrazolen mit freien (III) bzw. veresterten (IV) Carboxyl‐ Gruppen in 3‐ und 4‐Stellung des Heterocyclus hergestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3‐OXATHIOLE‐2‐THIONES FROM THE REACTION OF CARBON DISULFIDE WITH ZWITTERIONIC IODONIUM COMPOUNDS
Authors: PAPADOPOULOU M. , SPYROUDIS S. , VARVOGLIS A.
Published: May 2016

Die Iodoniumverbindungen (I), (IV) und (VI) reagieren mit Schwefelkohlenstoff unter Bildung der im Titel genännten Verbindungen (II), (V) und (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: FORMYLATION PRODUCTS OF THIOAMIDES. XIV. SYNTHESIS OF SUBSTITUTED THIAZOLES AND THIOPHENES BY THE REACTION OF N,N′‐BIS(AMINOMETHYLIDENE)THIOUREAS OR N‐(3‐AMINOTHIOACRYLOYL)FORMAMIDINES WITH ALKYLATING REAGENTS
Authors: KNOLL A. , LIEBSCHER J. , RADEGLIA R.
Published: May 2016

Die Thioharnstoffe (I) reagieren mit den elektronenakzeptorsubstituierten Methylhalogeniden 103 (II) zu den Thiazolen (III).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF NEW 2‐(DICHLOROMETHYLENE)THIAZOLIDINONE COMPOUNDS
Authors: GIENCKE W.
Published: May 2016

Synthese neuer Z‐Dichlormethylen‐thiazolidinon‐Derivate.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF THIAZOLYL COMPOUNDS AS POTENTIAL FUNGICIDES
Authors: MISHRA V. K. , BAHEL S. C.
Published: May 2016

Ausgehend vom Aminothiazol (I) wird das Derivat (IIa) hergestellt, aus dem weiter (IIb) bis (IId) sowie (III) gewonnen werden.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereospecific Synthesis of Thiazolidine‐2‐thiones.
Authors: BRUNET E. , CARRENO M. C. , RUANO J. L. G.
Published: May 2016

Die in bekannter Weise aus den Olefinen (I) zugänglichen Iodcarbamate (IV) werden mit Kalium‐ethylxanthogenat (V) und nachfolgend Natronlauge in stereospezifischer Weise zu den Thiazolidinthionen (VII) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: DERIVATIZATION OF AMINES WITH 4‐SUBSTITUTED 7‐NITRO‐2,1,3‐BENZOXADIAZOLES
Authors: HEBERER H. , KERSTING H. , MATSCHINER H.
Published: May 2016

Die Titelverbindungen (I), (IV) bzw. (VII) werden durch Umsetzen mit den Aminen (II), (V) bzw. (VIII) unter variierenden Synthesebedingungen in die 28 neuen 4‐Aminoderivate (III), (VI) und (IX) übergeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: OZONOLYSIS OF 1‐METHYLINDENES. SOLVENT, TEMPERATURE, AND SUBSTITUENT ELECTRONIC EFFECTS ON THE OZONIDE EXO/ENDO RATIO
Authors: MIURA M. , FUJISAKA T. , NOJIMA M. , KUSABAYASHI S. , MCCULLOUGH K. J.
Published: May 2016

Die Ozonolyse der Indene (I) und (IV) fuhrt, abhängig von Temperatur und Lösungsmittel, mit unterschiedlichem endo/exo‐ Verhältnis zu den Ozoniden (II) und (III) bzw. (V) und (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: THERMAL REARRANGEMENT OF α‐(ARYLOXY)METHYLACRYLIC ACIDS: A FACILE SYNTHESIS OF 3‐METHYLCOUMARINS
Authors: SUNITHA K. , BALASUBRAMANIAN K. K. , RAJAGOPALAN K.
Published: May 2016

Die Claisen‐Umlagerung der‐ Methacrylsäuren (I) führt unter den angegebenen Reaktionsbedingungen mit guten Ausbeuten zu den 3‐Methylcumarinen (H).
ChemInform Abstract: HYDROBORATION OF UNSATURATED AMINES. XVI. HYDROBORATION OF 1‐ALLYL‐1,2,3,4‐TETRAHYDROQUINOLINE
Authors: KAFKA S. , FERLES M. , RICHTER M.
Published: May 2016

Bei der Hydroborierung von (II) mit l Äquiv.
ChemInform Abstract: DIHYDROPYRIMIDINES, PART X. LITHIUM ALUMINUM HYDRIDE REDUCTION ‐ A FACILE ROUTE TO 2,5‐DIHYDROPYRIMIDINES
Authors: WEIS A. L. , VISHKAUTSAN R.
Published: May 2016

Pyrimidine (I) mit elektronenliefemden Substituenten in 4‐ und 6‐ Stellung werden durch LiAlH4 zu den 1,5‐Dihydro‐Derivaten reduziert.
ChemInform Abstract: NITROGEN BRIDGEHEAD COMPOUNDS. PART 53. NEW SYNTHESIS OF 2,3A,6A‐TRIAZAPHENALENE‐3‐THIONES
Authors: BITTER I. , PETE B. , TOTH G. , HERMECZ I. , MESZAROS Z.
Published: May 2016

Aus dem α‐Chlor‐enamin (I) wird mit Kaliumrhodanid (II) oder Methylthiocyanat (IV) das Triazaphenalen‐thion (IIIa) erhalten, aus dem die Folgeprodukte (IIIb).
ChemInform Abstract: NITROGEN BRIDGEHEAD COMPOUNDS. PART 54. NEW ROUTE FOR THE PREPARATION OF 2,3A,6A‐TRIAZAPHENALENE SKELETON
Authors: BITTER I. , PETE B. , TOTH G. , HERMECZ I. , MESZAROS Z.
Published: May 2016

Die Pyrido‐pyrimidone (I) werden mit NH3 bzw. aromatischen Aminen (II) zu den Salzen (III) umgesetzt, aus denen die freien Basen (IV‐) hergestellt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: ENANTIOSPECIFIC SYNTHESIS OF THE TRANS‐9‐(3‐(3,5‐DIMETHYL‐1‐PIPERAZINYL)PROPYL)CARBAZOLES
Authors: HARFENIST M. , HOERR D. C. , CROUCH R.
Published: May 2016

Ausgehend von Estern mit entsprechender Chiralität, wie (IIb) und (III), werden die im Titel genannten Carbazole, wie im Formelschema für das (S,S)‐Isomer (XI) angegeben, synthetisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: RUTHENIUM COMPLEX CATALYZED N‐HETEROCYCLIZATION. SYNTHESES OF N‐SUBSTITUTED PIPERIDINES, MORPHOLINES, AND PIPERAZINES FROM AMINES AND 1,5‐DIOLS
Authors: TSUJI Y. , HUH K.‐T. , OHSUGI Y. , WATANABE Y.
Published: May 2016

Die durch Ruthenium‐Komplexe katalysierte Umsetzung verschiedener primärer Amine (I) mit den 1,5‐Diolen (II) führt zu den N‐substituierten Heterocyclen (III).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 2,4‐BIS(ALKYL(ARYL)AMINO)‐6‐(CYANOAMINO)‐1,3,5‐TRIAZINES
Authors: FREIBERG R. , BULKA E.
Published: May 2016

Die 2,4‐Bisamino‐ö‐chlor‐1,3,5‐triazine (I) reagieren mit Dinatriumcyanamid in DMSO in hohen Ausb. zu den gewünschten 6‐Cyanaminoderivaten (II).
ChemInform Abstract: 18C6 CROWN COMPLEX OF AMIDOSULFURIC ACID
Authors: SEEL F. , KLEIN N. , KREBS B. , DARTMANN M. , HENKEL G.
Published: May 2016

Durch Umsetzung des Kronenethers mit Amidoschwefelsäure in Wasser, Methanol und Ethanol wird die Titelverbindung (I) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: COBALT CARBONYL CATALYZED REACTION OF TETRAHYDROFURANS WITH A HYDROSILANE AND CARBON MONOXIDE. A NEW REACTION PATHWAY LEADING TO ENOL SILYL ETHERS
Authors: MURAI T. , KATO S. , MURAI S. , HATAYAMA Y. , SONODA N.
Published: May 2016

Tetrahydrofuran (I) reagiert mit Methyldiethylsilan (II), CO und Cobaltcarbonyl unter Ringöffnung zu (III); in Gegenwart von Acetonitril erhält man (III) sowie das Olefin I44 (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW SYNTHETIC METHOD FOR α‐KETOSILANES EMPLOYING METHOXY(PHENYLTHIO)TRIALKYLSILYLMETHANE AS AN α‐SILYLACYL ANION EQUIVALENT
Authors: MANDAI T. , YAMAGUCHI M. , NAKAYAMA Y. , OTERA J. , KAWADA M.
Published: May 2016

Aus den Methoxy‐phenylthiotrialkylsilyl‐methanen (I) erhält man nach Überführung in die Anionen mit Alkylierungsmitteln (II) die Substitutionsprodukte (III), die bei der Oxidation, vorzugsweise mit Natriumperiodat, zu den Acylsilanen (IV) oxidativ gespalten werden.
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW SYNTHETIC METHOD FOR β‐TRIMETHYLSILYL‐α,β‐UNSATURATED CARBONYL COMPOUNDS EMPLOYING 1‐METHOXY‐3‐PHENYLTHIO‐3‐TRIMETHYLSILYL‐1‐PROPENE
Authors: MANDAI T. , ARASE H. , OTERA J. , KAWADA M.
Published: May 2016

1‐Methoxy‐3‐phenylthio‐3‐trimethylsilyl‐propen (I) reagiert nach Metallierung mit den Alkylierungsmitteln (II) zu den Substitutionsprodukten (III), die oxidativ mit Natriumperiodat zu den substituierten Trimethylsilyl‐acroleinen (IV) führen.
ChemInform Abstract: ((CH3)3SI)14SI7O21 ‐ NEW CYCLIC SILICIC ACID TRIMETHYLSILYL ESTER
Authors: HOEBBEL D. , UJSZASZY K. , REIHER T. , ENGELHARDT G. , WINKLER A.
Published: May 2016

Durch Trimethylsilylierung des Bariumchloridsilicats 2 BaO . 3 BaCl2 . 2 SiO2 wird der bisher unbekannte Kieselsäuretrimethylsilylester (I), ein Cycloheptasiloxan, hergestellt, der mittels Kapillargaschromatographie, Massen‐ und 29Si‐NMR‐Spektroskopie sowie Dünnschichtchromatographie charakterisiert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: A MECHANISTIC STUDY ON COMPLEXES OF TYPE MER‐(CR(CO)3(η2‐L‐L)(Σ‐L‐L)) (WHERE L‐L = PH2PCH2PPH2, PH2PNHPPH2, OR PH2PNMEPPH2) USING SPECTROSCOPIC AND CONVOLUTIVE ELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES
Authors: BLAGG A. , CARR S. W. , COOPER G. R. , DOBSON I. D. , GILL J. B. , GOODALL D. C. , SHAW B. L. , TAYLOR N. , BODDINGTON T.
Published: May 2016

Die neuen Titel‐Komplexe (II) wurden wie aufgezeigt dargestellt und ihre elektrochemische und chemische Oxidation untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF (MO6CL8)X4 WITH NITROGENOUS BASES
Authors: KRAFT J. , SCHAEFER H. +
Published: May 2016

Die Titelsalze (X: ‐ Cl, ‐ Br, ‐ I) wirken bei Leitfähigkeitsmessungen in EtOH oder Me2CO bei 25°C als schwache l zl‐Elektrolyte.
ChemInform Abstract: METALLOPORPHYRIN COORDINATION CHEMISTRY OF HIGHLY OXIDIZING OXYANIONS: THE CHROMATE COMPLEX OF IRON(III) TETRAPHENYLPORPHYRIN
Authors: GODZIELA G. M. , RIDNOUR L. A. , GOFF H. M.
Published: May 2016

Die Titelverbindung (Ia) wurde durch Metathese des Chlorokomplexes (IIc) mit festem Ag2CrO4 im Überschuß in wasserfreiem THF in 24 h dargestellt (75% Ausb.).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIVITY OF COORDINATED DISULFIDES. 2. COMPETITIVE SULFUR‐SULFUR AND COBALT‐SULFUR BOND CLEAVAGE IN THE BASE HYDROLYSIS OF THE TERT‐BUTYL DISULFIDE‐COBALT(III) COMPLEX ((EN)2CO(S(SC(CH3)3)CH2CH2NH2))3+
Authors: ICHIMURA A. , NOSCO D. L. , DEUTSCH E.
Published: May 2016

Während die früher untersuchte Hydrolyse der Disulfid‐Komplexe (Ib) ausschließlich zu dem Thiolato‐Komplex (II) neben organischen S‐Verbindungen erfolgt, liefert die basische Hydrolyse des Titelkomplexes (Ia) neben (II) den durch Co‐S‐Bindungsspaltung gebildeten Komplex (III).
ChemInform Abstract: NEW CARBIDE CLUSTERS IN THE COBALT SUB‐GROUP. PART 14. SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ANION (CO13C2(CO)24)3‐ AND ITS BENZYLTRIMETHYLAMMONIUM SALT
Authors: ALBANO V. G. , BRAGA D. , FUMAGALLI A. , MARTINENGO S.
Published: May 2016

Das Titel‐Komplexion wurde durch Oxidation des entsprechenden paramagnetischen vierwertigen Anions mit Iod in MeCN mit 75‐85% Ausb. erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON SINGLET OXYGEN IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION. PART 2. WATER‐SOLUBLES SQUARE‐PLANAR NICKEL COMPLEXES AS QUENCHERS
Authors: BOTSIVALI M. , EVANS D. F. , MISSEN P. H. , UPTON M. W.
Published: May 2016

Von den untersuchten Titelkomplexen (I), dargestellt durch Reaktion der Amine mit Na‐salicylaldehyd‐5‐sulfonat in Gegenwart von Ni‐perchlorat in Wasser, sind (Ia) und (Ib) wirksame Quencher von ′O2 in wäßriger Lösung bei Verwendung von Anthracen‐9,10‐bis‐[ethansulfonat] als Fänger 164 Die Löschungskonstante für (Ic) ist wesentlich geringer und scheint konzentrationsabhängig zu sein.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND GEOMETRY DETERMINATION OF COFACIAL DIPORPHYRINS. EPR SPECTROSCOPY OF DICOPPER DIPORPHYRINS IN FROZEN SOLUTION
Authors: EATON S. S. , EATON G. R. , CHANG C. K.
Published: May 2016

Die EPR‐Spektren der Dikupfer‐diporphyrine (I)‐(III) in gefrorenen Toluol/CH2Cl2‐Lösungen (1:1) bei ‐180°C werden diskutiert und mit röntgenanalytisch ermittelten Strukturdaten verglichen.
ChemInform Abstract: SPECIFIC TRANSPORT OF COPPER(II) IONS ACROSS A LIQUID MEMBRANE MEDIATED BY A LIPOPHILIC TETRAAZA MACROCYCLE
Authors: DI CASA M. , FABBRIZZI L. , PEROTTI A. , POGGI A. , TUNDO P.
Published: May 2016

Der für Cu" selektive Transportmechanismus, der für Co, Fe, Zn und Pb nicht anwendbar ist, da sie durch (I) an der Berührungsfläche nicht komplexiert werden, wird diskutiert.
ChemInform Abstract: CHELATES OF 8‐QUINOLINOL DERIVATIVES. VI. COMPLEX FORMATION AND EXTRACTION OF F COPPER WITH ALKYL AND ALKENYL SUBSTITUTED 8‐QUINOLINOLS
Authors: UHLEMANN E. , SCHILDE U. , KIRMSE R. , STACH J.
Published: May 2016

Die Komplexe (I) werden aus Cu‐acetathydrat und den Chinolinolen aus heißer alkoholischer Lösung dargestellt und die Bindungsverhältnisse EPR‐spektroskopisch in Chloroform und Pyridin untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: (Perhalogenmethylthio)heterocyclen. 20. Mitt. N‐Funktionalisierung des Tetrakis(trifluormethylthio)pyrrols.
Authors: HAAS A. , MACIEJ T.
Published: May 2016

Die aciden Eigenschaften von Tetrakis‐[trifluormethylmercapto]‐pyrrol werden durch die Darstellung der Metallsalze (II) bestätigt.
ChemInform Abstract: DIOXY CARBENE COMPLEXES FROM REACTIONS OF PENTACARBONYLIRON, DECACARBONYLDIMANGANESE, DECACARBONYLDIRHENIUM, AND DODECACARBONYLTRIRUTHENIUM WITH OXIRANE
Authors: SINGH M. M. , ANGELICI R. J.
Published: May 2016

CO‐Liganden in den Titelcarbonylen (1), (IV) und (VII) werden bei der Reaktion mit Oxiran (IIa) in Gegenwart von katalytischen Mengen Bromid unter CO‐Druck in die koordinierten Dioxycarben‐Liganden übergeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: RACEMIC ADSORPTION, ANTIRACEMIZATION, AND INDUCTION OF OPTICAL ACTIVITY OF METAL CHELATES IN THE PRESENCE OF A COLLOIDAL CLAY
Authors: YAMAGISHI A.
Published: May 2016

Die Adsorption eines optisch aktiven Metallchelats durch kolloidale Teilchen von Na‐Montmorillonit wird mittels Elektronen‐ und CD‐Spektroskopie gemessen.
ChemInform Abstract: CLUSTER CHEMISTRY. PART 31. AN (RU3(CO)12) DERIVATIVE WITH AN (FE3(CO)12)‐LIKE STRUCTURE: PREPARATION AND X‐RAY STRUCTURE OF DI‐μ‐CARBONYLTETRAKIS(DIMETHOXYPHENYLPHOSPHINE)‐CYCLO‐TRIS(DICARBONYLRUTHENI# UM) (3 RU‐RU)
Authors: BRUCE M. I. , MATISONS J. G. , PATRICK J. M. , WHITE A. H. , WILLIS A. C.
Published: May 2016

Der nach einer Literaturmethode dargestellte Komplex (I) kristallisiert in der RG P21/c mit Z=4.
ChemInform Abstract: CLUSTER CHEMISTRY. PART 32. SYNTHESIS AND X‐RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF (RU5(μ5‐η2‐C2PPH2‐P)(μ‐PPH2)(CO)13) A COMPLEX CONTAINING AN ALKYNYL LIGAND IN EXTENDED INTERACTION WITH AN OPEN PENTARUTHENIUM CLUSTER
Authors: BRUCE M. I. , WILLIAMS M. L. , PATRICK J. M. , WHITE A. H.
Published: May 2016

Die Radikalion‐initiierte Reaktion von Ru3(CO)" mit Bis‐[diphenylphosphino]‐acetylen (TH F, 20°C) liefert den Cluster (I), der durch Pyrolyse in die Titelverbindung (II) umgewandelt wird.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOSPHINO MACROCYCLES. 140. SYNTHESIS OF UNUSUAL PHOSPHINE LIGANDS. USE OF THE 1‐NAPHTHYLMETHYL MOIETY AS A P‐H PROTECTING GROUP IN THE SYNTHESIS OF A PHOSPHINO MACROCYCLE THAT CONTAINS A SECONDARY‐PHOSPHINO LIGATING SITE
Authors: KYBA E. P. , LIU S.‐T.
Published: May 2016

Eine Schutzgruppe für eine PH‐Gruppe in einem sek. Phosphin, ein 1‐Naphthylmethylphosphinsulfid, wird entwickelt.
ChemInform Abstract: CLUSTER SYNTHESIS. 9. IMPORTANCE OF TRIPLY BRIDGING SULFIDO LIGANDS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF MIXED‐METAL CLUSTERS: SYNTHESIS AND CRYSTAL AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF OS3(CO)9(μ3‐S)(μ4‐S)(W(CO)5)
Authors: ADAMS R. D. , HORVATH I. T. , WANG S.
Published: May 2016

Die Titelverbindung (I) bildet sich, wenn Os3(CO)9(p3‐S)2 und W(CO)6 in Hexanlösung photolysiert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS, PROPERTIES, AND MULTINUCLEAR NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE (PROTON, SELENIUM‐77, AND PLATINUM‐195) STUDIES ON DISELENOETHER COMPLEXES OF PALLADIUM, PLATINUM, AND RHODIUM
Authors: GULLIVER D. J. , HOPE E. G. , LEVASON W. , MURRAY S. G. , MARSHALL G. L.
Published: May 2016

Die cis‐planaren Diselenoether‐Pd‐ und ‐Pt‐Komplexe (II) werden wie aufgezeichnet synthetisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesen von Dibenzo[b,e][1,4]dioxin‐2,3‐chinonen, einschließlich der Ecklonochinone A und B sowie der Isoecklonochinone A und B.
Authors: LUETOLF W. L. + , PREWO R. , BIERI J. H. , RUEEDI P. + , EUGSTER C. H.
Published: May 2016

Ausgehend von der dimerisierenden Oxidation des Brenzcatechins (Ia) lassen sich auf dem beschriebenen Syntheseweg die Isoecklonochinone A (Va) und B (Vb) darstellen.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESES OF (+)‐α‐ AND (+)‐β‐EUDESMOL AND THEIR DIASTEREOMERS BY INTRAMOLECULAR NITRONE‐OLEFIN CYCLOADDITION
Authors: SCHWARTZ M. A. , WILLBRAND A. M.
Published: May 2016

Ausgehend von dem Isomerengemisch (I) werden ′ die Verbindungen (IV) dargestellt und nach chromatographischer Trennung zu den Oxazinen (VIII) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF SOME ALLYLIC ACETOXY DERIVATIVES IN THE STEROID SERIES
Authors: STARY I. , KOCOVSKY P.
Published: May 2016

Die Diace toxyderivate (III), (VI), (VIII), (Xb) und (XIb) des Cholestensystems werden, wie beschrieben, dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: ENZYME‐CATALYZED PEPTIDE‐BOND FORMATION: ELASTASE‐ AND Δ‐CHYMOTRYPSIN‐ASSISTED SYNTHESIS OF OLIGOPEPTIDES
Authors: BIZZOZERO S. A. , DUTLER H. , FRANZSTACK R. , ROVAGNATI B. A.
Published: May 2016

Enzym‐katalysierte Kondensation entsprechender Komponenten (I) und (II) liefert die Penta‐ bzw. Hexapeptide (III).
ChemInform Abstract: CLEAVAGE OF Z‐GROUP AND FORMATION OF HYDANTOIN DURING ALKALINE SAPONIFICATION OF Z‐PEPTIDE ESTERS
Authors: SCHWENZER B. , WEBER E. , LOSSE G.
Published: May 2016

Bei der alkalischen Hydrolyse des Peptidesters ( I) erhält man unerwarteterweise das Hydantoinderivat (II), welches durch Schädigung der Z‐ Schutzgruppe unter gleichzeitiger Bildung von Benzylalkohol entsteht.
ChemInform Abstract: AN EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS OF D,L‐CARNITINE HYDROCHLORIDE VIA THE ACYLATION OF AN α‐AMINOKETONE
Authors: COMBER R. N. , BROUILLETTE W. J.
Published: May 2016

Das α‐Aminoketon (I) wird über die im Formelschema angeführten Stufen zum Camitinhydrochlorid (VIII) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: DEOXY‐NITROSUGARS. 10TH COMMUNICATION. SYNTHESIS OF ISOSTERIC PHOSPHONATE ANALOGS OF ULOSE‐1‐PHOSPHATES
Authors: JULINA R. , VASELLA A.
Published: May 2016

Die l‐Desoxy‐I‐nitrozucker (I), (VI) bzw. (X) (Beschreibung der Synthesen nach Standardverfahren und Literaturmethoden im experimentellen Teil) lassen sich durch Reaktion mit dem Vinylphosphat (III) auf den beschriebe‐ In′? nen Synthesewegen in dielPhosphate (IV) und (V), (VII)‐( IX) bzw. (XII) und (XIII) überführen.
ChemInform Abstract: DEOXY‐NITROSUGARS. 11TH COMMUNICATION. REACTIONS OF 1‐C‐NITROGLYCOSYL HALIDES S AND 1‐C‐NITROGLYCOSYL SULFONES WITH DIALKYL‐PHOSPHITE ANIONS: NUCLEOPHILIC ATTACK VS. SINGLE‐ELECTRON TRANSFER
Authors: MEUWLY R. , VASELLA A.
Published: May 2016

Die Nitrozucker (I) und (VI) werden verschiedenen Reaktionen mit Dialkylphosphitanionen [‐ Bedingungen A)‐D)] unterworfen, wobei die im Formelschema aufgeführten Produkte entstehen.
ChemInform Abstract: GLYCOSIDIC COUPLING OF REGIOSPECIFICALLY SYNTHESIZED XANTHO(2,3‐G)TETRALIN AGLYCONES TO AFFORD ANTILEUKEMIC BUT REDOX INACTIVE STRUCTURES RELATED TO ANTHRACYCLINES
Authors: LOWN J. W. , SONDHI S. M.
Published: May 2016

Zunächst werden aus (I) durch Hydroxylierung die Chromophore (II) synthetisiert und zu (IIIa) und (IIIb) deblockiert.
ChemInform Abstract: A SYNTHESIS OF IBOGAMINE
Authors: KUEHNE M. E. , REIDER P. J.
Published: May 2016

Entsprechend dem Formelscherna gelingt die Synthese des Alkaloids Ibogamin (X).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF FUNCTIONALIZED CEPHALOSPORINS. DIPHENYLMETHYL (1S,6R,7S)‐3‐BROMOMETHYL‐7‐FORMAMIDO‐7‐METHOXYCEPH‐3‐EM‐4‐CARBOXYLATE 1‐OXIDE: A USEFUL INTERMEDIATE IN THE PREPARATION OF 7α‐METHOXYCEPHALOSPORINS
Authors: BIGGADIKE K. , HUMBER D. C. , LAUNDON B. , LONG A. G. , RAMSAY M. V. J.
Published: May 2016

Die Darstellung und . einige Umsetzungen der Cephalosporine (II) bzw. (XI) werden beschrieben.
ChemInform Abstract: TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF IONOPHORE ANTIBIOTIC X‐14547A
Authors: NICOLAOU K. C. , PAPAHATJIS D. P. , CLAREMON D. A. , MAGOLDA R. L. , DOLLE R. E.
Published: May 2016

Es wird eine stereokontrollierte Totalsynthese der im Titel genannten Verbindung (I) beschrieben.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF A GLYOXALASE I INHIBITOR FROM STREPTOMYCES GRISEOSPOREUS NIIDA ET OGASAWARA
Authors: MIRZA S. , MOLLEYRES L.‐P. , VASELLA A.
Published: May 2016

Die Synthese der Titelverbindung (XIV) und des Metaboliten (XII) aus dem Mannopyranosid (I) in einer Gesamtausb.
ChemInform Abstract: A GENERAL APPROACH TO THE SYNTHESIS OF MONOOLEFINIC INSECT SEX PHEROMONES OF Z‐ OR E‐CONFIGURATION
Authors: FIANDANESE V. , MARCHESE G. , NASO F. , RONZINI L.
Published: May 2016

Aus dem (Z)‐ (I) bzw. (E)‐Phenylthioethen (V) lassen sich durch aufeinanderfolgende Kupplung mit zwei verschiedenen Grignard‐Reagens‐ Typen in Gegenwart eines geeigneten Katalysators die (Z)‐Olefine (IV) und (X) ′ bzw. die (E)‐Olefine (VI) und (XI) synthetisieren.
Preparation of 1‐fluoro‐4‐methyl‐9H‐[carbonyl‐14C]thioxanthen‐9‐one and amine derivatives
Authors: Javaheri Mohsen , Shirvani Gholamhossein , Amini Mohsen , Saemian Nader , Saadatjoo Naghi
Published: May 2016

9H‐Thioxanthen‐9‐ones are an important class of compound and are a common heterocyclic scaffold in biologically active and medicinally significant compounds. In this paper the synthesis of 1‐fluoro‐4‐methyl‐9H‐thioxanthen‐9‐one and some amine derivatives labeled with carboxyl‐14 is described.
Preparation of a silica‐based high‐performance hydrophobic interaction chromatography stationary phase for protein separation and renaturation
Authors: Yang Yicong , Qu Qian , Li Weimin , Yuan Jie , Ren Yi , Wang Lili
Published: May 2016

In this work, based on the structural characteristics of bio‐membrane molecules, a novel type of high‐performance hydrophobic interaction chromatography stationary phase was prepared using cholesterol as a ligand. Investigating the separation performance of this stationary phase, the effect of pH and salt concentration of the mobile phase on the retention time, the absorption capacity, and the hydrophobic ability revealed that this stationary phase had a high loading capacity and moderate hydrophobic interactions compared with four different hydrophobic interaction chromatography stationary phase ligands. Five types of standard proteins could be baseline separated with a great selection for protein separation. When 3.0 M urea was added to the mobile phase, it could be refolded with simultaneous purification of denatured lysozyme by one‐step chromatography. The mass recovery of lysozyme reached 89.5%, and the active recovery was 96.8%. Compared with traditional hydrophobic interaction chromatography, this new stationary phase has a good hydrophobic ability and a significant refolding efficiency.
Preoperative CT‐angiography in autologous breast reconstruction
Authors: Vargas Christina R. , Koolen Pieter G.L. , Ho Olivia A. , Tobias Adam M. , Lin Samuel J. , Lee Bernard T.
Published: May 2016

Background

CT‐angiography (CTA) has been introduced as a means of evaluating arterial anatomy and vascular integrity prior to free autologous breast reconstruction. There is limited published data, however, regarding the incidence, indications, and impact of preoperative CTA (pCTA) on procedural and flap outcomes.

Methods

Retrospective review was performed of all autologous microsurgical breast reconstruction procedures at a single academic center between January 2004 and July 2014. Univariate analysis of patient, procedural, and flap characteristics was performed and a logistic regression model was configured to assess for factors associated with ischemia‐related complications.

Results

There were 1,110 microsurgical flap reconstructions performed in 778 patients by 3 surgeons at our institution during the study period. Overall, 11.4% of patients underwent pCTA; frequency increased from 0 to 35.7%. Patients who underwent pCTA had significantly higher body mass index (P = 0.041), and more coronary artery disease (P = 0.022), prior abdominal surgery (P = 0.004), and bilateral reconstruction (P = 0.015). No statistically significant difference between groups was found with respect to flap characteristics or operative time. Multivariate analysis revealed that although pCTA was associated with a lower incidence of ischemia‐related complications (complete or partial flap loss or fat necrosis) (OR, 0.57, 95% CI, 0.32 to 1.02), this did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.058).

Conclusions

Use of pCTA has increased dramatically at our institution since it was first incorporated into the reconstructive surgical planning process in 2008. Given the expense, radiation exposure, and borderline impact on ischemia‐related flap complications, surgeons should selectively consider pCTA as an adjunct to their surgical planning algorithm. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 36:623–627, 2016.
Nerve biopsy in Indian patients with mononeuropathy multiplex of undetermined etiology
Authors: Kulshreshtha Dinkar , Malhotra Kiran Preet , Maurya Pradeep Kumar , Singh Ajai Kumar , Thacker Anup Kumar , Husain Nuzhat
Published: May 2016

Introduction

A diagnosis of mononeuropathy multiplex (MM) requires detailed evaluation to determine etiology. We performed nerve biopsy on patients with MM in whom the etiology could not be established via other investigations. Methods: Sixty‐eight patients with MM seen between January 2013 and June 2014 underwent detailed diagnostic evaluation. Those in whom the investigations failed to establish an etiology underwent nerve biopsy. Results: A diagnosis of leprosy was confirmed in 14 patients and was highly probable in 17 others. Eleven patients had vasculitic neuropathy, and in 1 patient there were amyloid deposits on nerve biopsy. Conclusions: In 43 of 68 Indian patients (63%) with MM, nerve biopsy identified a definite (26 patients) or probable (17 patients) etiology. Nerve biopsy is a valuable investigation in MM that frequently results in a diagnosis of leprosy in India. Muscle Nerve, 2016 Muscle Nerve 55: 23–27, 2017
Imaging mass spectrometry: Molecular microscopy for the new age of biology and medicine
Authors: Caprioli Richard M.
Published: May 2016

Imaging mass spectrometry provides a powerful tool for monitoring and discovery of molecular processes in the spatial domain in tissues for research and practical applications in both biology and medicine. This technology directly measures molecular compounds in tissues without the use of target‐specific reagents such as antibodies, is applicable to a wide variety of analytes, and can provide spatial resolutions below the single cell level. Importantly, it has paradigm shifting capabilities in clinical applications, especially for anatomic pathology.
Inflammatory cloacogenic polyp: a rare kind of benign polyp to be cured with endoscopic and/or surgical removal
Authors: Özgenel Şafak Meriç , Temel Tuncer , Yılmaz Evrim , Tokmak Salih , Özakyol Ayşegül
Published: May 2016

Background Inflammatory cloacogenic polyp is a very rare kind of benign polyp which occurs in the anal transitional zone and lower rectum. These polyps arise in association with various conditions (e.g., internal hemorrhoids, diverticulosis, colorectal tumors, and Crohn's disease) in which mucosal injury is the underlying pathogenic mechanism.

Case report A 24-year-old male patient applied to emergency department with bloody defecation for a month. A polyp that is 1.5 cm in size had been observed at rectum and anal verge junction during colonoscopy, pathological diagnosis was inflammatory cloacogenic polyp. Thereupon, colonoscopic polypectomy was performed as the malignant transformation possibility.

Conclusion Polyps of the anorectal junction with inflammatory appearance might be inflammatory cloacogenic polyps with malignant transformation potential that must be treated by endoscopic removal or surgery and followed up routinely with colonoscopic surveillance.
Air temperature distribution and energy-balance modelling of a debris-covered glacier
Authors: SHAW THOMAS E. , BROCK BEN W. , FYFFE CATRIONA L. , PELLICCIOTTI FRANCESCA , RUTTER NICK , DIOTRI FABRIZIO
Published: May 2016

Near-surface air temperature is an important determinant of the surface energy balance of glaciers and is often represented by a constant linear temperature gradients (TGs) in models. Spatio-temporal variability in 2 m air temperature was measured across the debris-covered Miage Glacier, Italy, over an 89 d period during the 2014 ablation season using a network of 19 stations. Air temperature was found to be strongly dependent upon elevation for most stations, even under varying meteorological conditions and at different times of day, and its spatial variability was well explained by a locally derived mean linear TG (MG–TG) of −0.0088°C m−1. However, local temperature depressions occurred over areas of very thin or patchy debris cover. The MG–TG, together with other air TGs, extrapolated from both on- and off-glacier sites, were applied in a distributed energy-balance model. Compared with piecewise air temperature extrapolation from all on-glacier stations, modelled ablation, using the MG–TG, increased by <1%, increasing to >4% using the environmental ‘lapse rate’. Ice melt under thick debris was relatively insensitive to air temperature, while the effects of different temperature extrapolation methods were strongest at high elevation sites of thin and patchy debris cover.
Reexamination of Yuknessia from the Cambrian of China and first report of Fuxianospira from North America
Authors: LoDuca Steven T. , Wu Mengyin , Zhao Yuanlong , Xiao Shuhai , Schiffbauer James D. , Caron Jean-Bernard , Babcock Loren E.
Published: May 2016

Yuknessia Walcott, 1919 recently was transferred from the green algae to the Phylum Hemichordata on the basis of new details observed for the type species, Y. simplex, from the Burgess Shale Formation (Cambrian Stage 5) of British Columbia. This has prompted reexamination of material attributed to Yuknessia from various Cambrian localities in South China. Findings preclude both a Yuknessia and a hemichordate affinity for all of the Chinese study material, and most of this material is formally transferred to Fuxianospira Chen and Zhou, 1997, a taxon common in the Chengjiang biota. Comparable material from the Cambrian Marjum, Wheeler, and Burgess Shale formations of North America is also assigned to Fuxianospira, and this reassignment expands both the paleogeographic and stratigraphic range of this taxon. All aspects of the study specimens, including details obtained from scanning electron microscopy, are consistent with an algal affinity, as proposed in the original descriptions of the Chinese material.
The early Cambrian tommotiidKulparina rostratafrom South Australia
Authors: Skovsted Christian B. , Brock Glenn A. , Holmer Lars E. , Topper Timothy P. , Larsson Cecilia M.
Published: May 2016

The early Cambrian (Terreneuvian, Stage 2) tommotiidKulparina rostrataConway Morris and Bengtson in Bengtson et al., 1990 is revised. The pyramidal sclerites ofK. rostrataare shown to be bilaterally symmetrical and homologues of the symmetrical S1 sclerites ofPaterimitra pyramidalisLaurie, 1986. The scleritome ofK. rostratais also shown to include flattened asymmetrical sclerites that were originally described under the nameEccentrotheca guanoBengtson in Bengtson et al., 1990 and which correspond to the L-sclerites ofPaterimitra. A modified tubular scleritome and a sessile filter-feeding mode of life is envisaged forKulparina rostrata.
Clues on the first stars from CEMP-no stars
Authors: Choplin Arthur , Meynet Georges , Maeder André , Hirschi Raphael , Ekström Sylvia , Chiappini Cristina
Published: May 2016

The material used to form the CEMP-no stars presents signatures of processing by the CNO cycle and by He-burning from a previous stellar generation called spinstars. We compare the composition of the ejecta (wind + supernova) of a spinstar model to observed abundances of CEMP-no stars. We show that observed abundances as well as the isotope ratio12C/13C may be reproduced by the spinstar ejecta if we assume different mass cuts when adding the supernova material to the wind ejecta.
Morphology and Structures of Nearby Dwarf Galaxies
Authors: Seo Mira , Ann H. B.
Published: May 2016

We applied GALFIT and STARLIGHT to the r-band images and spectra, respectively, of ~1,100 dwarf galaxies to analyze the structural properties and stellar populations. In most cases, single component with n = 1 ~ 1.5 well describes the luminosity distribution of dwarf galaxies. However, a large fraction of dS0, dEbc, and dEblue galaxies show sub-structures such as spiral arms and rings. There is a bimodal distributions of stellar ages in dS0 galaxies. But other sub-types of dwarf galaxies show a single peak in the stellar distributions.
Discovery of new dwarf galaxies around NGC4631 with Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam
Authors: Tanaka Mikito , Chiba Masashi , Komiyama Yutaka
Published: May 2016

We have observed on-going interacting galaxies (NGC4631 and NGC4656) using Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam and reduced the data using HSC pipeline and conducted photometry based on DAOphot. Then, we have detected 8 new dwarf galaxy candidates in the outer region of NGC4631 and confirmed the three candidates previously reported by Karachentsev et al. 2014. The 3 or 4 candidates detected in this study may be a star-forming dwarf irregular galaxy and the other 7 candidates may be an old dwarf spheroidal galaxy based on these stellar populations. It looks like that the effective radius - absolute magnitude relation of dwarf galaxies in NGC4631 group is similar to the relation of the Local Group and the other galaxy systems.
Direct imaging of haloes and truncations in face-on nearby galaxies
Authors: Knapen J. H. , Peters S. P. C. , van der Kruit P. C. , Trujillo I. , Fliri J. , Cisternas M. , Kelvin L. S.
Published: May 2016

We use ultra-deep imaging from the IAC Stripe 82 Legacy Project to study the surface photometry of 22 nearby, face-on to moderately inclined spiral galaxies. The reprocessed and co-added SDSS/Stripe 82 imaging allows us to probe down to 29–30 r′-mag/arcsec2 and thus reach into the very faint outskirts of the galaxies. We find extended stellar haloes in over half of our sample galaxies, and truncations in three of them. The presence of stellar haloes and truncations is mutually exclusive, and we argue that the presence of a stellar halo can hide a truncation. We find that the onset of the halo and the truncation scales tightly with galaxy size. We highlight the importance of a proper analysis of the extended wings of the point spread function (PSF), finding that around half the light at the faintest levels is from the inner regions of a galaxy, though not the nucleus, re-distributed to the outskirts by the PSF. We discuss implications of this effect for future deep imaging surveys, such as with the LSST.
Proper-Motion Based Kinematics Study of Galactic RR Lyraes
Authors: Dambis Andrei K. , Berdnikov Leonid N. , Rastorguev Alexei S. , Zabolotskikh Marina V.
Published: May 2016

We use the UCAC4 and SDSS proper motions of about 7500 RR Lyrae type variables located within ~10 kpc from the Sun to study the dependence of their velocity ellipsoid on Galactocentric distance in the RG = 3–17 kpc interval. The radial velocity dispersion, σVR, decreases from ~190 km/s at RG = 3.5–5.5 kpc down to ~100 km/s at RG = 13–15 kpc, and the σVT/σVR ratio remains virtually constant (σVT/σVR ~0.54–0.64) in the Galactocentric distance interval from RG = 4.5 kpc to RG = 10.5 kpc increasing to ~0.9 both toward the Galactic center and beyond RG = 11 kpc.
The Stellar Age-Teff-Kinematical Asymmetry in the Solar Neighborhood from LAMOST
Authors: Tian H. J. , Liu C. , Carlin J. L. , Zhao Y. H. , Chen X. L.
Published: May 2016

With the velocity de-projection technique, we derived the averaged 3 dimensional local velocity distribution using only the line-of-sight velocity for the 200,000 FGK type main-sequence stars from the LAMOST DR1 data. Taking the effective temperature as a proxy for age, we investigate the variation of the velocity distribution as a function of Teff and disk height within 100 < |z| < 500 pc. Using the mean velocities of the cool stars, we derive the solar motion of (U⊙, V⊙, W⊙)=(9.58±2.39, 10.52±1.96, 7.01±1.67) kms−1 with respect to the local standard of rest (LSR). Moreover, we find that the stars with Teff > 6000 K show a net asymmetric motion of 〈U〉~2 kms−1 and 〈W〉~3 kms−1 compared to the stars with Teff < 6000 K. And their azimuthal velocity increases when |z| increases. The asymmetric motion in the warmer stars is likely because they are too young and not completely relaxed.
Formation and evolution of sub-galactic structures in a cosmological context
Authors: Chun Kyungwon , Shin Jihye , Kim Sungsoo S.
Published: May 2016

In this study, we aim to trace formation of the primordial globular cluster, ultra faint dwarf galaxy, and ultra compact dwarf in a cosmological context of a high-resolution hydrodynamic zoom-in simulation. We show that the baryon-dominated systems have experienced more interactions with the mini halos before infalling to the main halo.
What can isolated elliptical galaxies tell us about Cold Dark Matter?
Authors: Lane Richard R. , Richtler Tom , Salinas Ricardo
Published: May 2016

Due to their environment isolated elliptical galaxies (IEs) should not be undergoing extant evolutionary processes yet many IEs have interacting dwarf companions, and where no merger remnants are visible IEs are often dynamically young. Furthermore, some IEs do not require dark matter to explain their dynamics. However, according to Cold Dark Matter (CDM) simulations all elliptical galaxies should be dark matter dominated, even if isolated, and IEs are much rarer in nature than predicted by CDM. Moreover, merging at the ~107 M⊙ level was recently discovered in the M31 system, showing that hierarchical merging may indeed be scale-free, as predicted by CDM. It seems a natural question to ask: what can IEs tell us about CDM? Here we analyse several IEs as probes of CDM. Our results spawn many new questions.
Metallicity Gradients in the Halos of Elliptical Galaxies
Authors: Greene Jenny E. , Ma Chung-Pei , Goulding Andrew , McConnell Nicholas J. , Blakeslee John P. , Davis Timothy , Thomas Jens
Published: May 2016

We discuss the stellar halos of massive elliptical galaxies, as revealed by our ambitious integral-field spectroscopic survey MASSIVE. We show that metallicity drops smoothly as a function of radius out to ~ 2.5 Re, while the [α/Fe] abundance ratios stay flat. The stars in the outskirts likely formed rapidly (to explain the high ratio of alpha to Fe) but in a relatively shallow potential (to explain the low metallicities). This is consistent with expectations for a two-phase growth of massive galaxies, in which the second phase involves accretion of small satellites. We also show some preliminary study of the gas content of these most MASSIVE galaxies.
The Milky Way, the Galactic Halo, and the Halos of Galaxies
Authors: Gerhard Ortwin
Published: May 2016

The Milky Way, “our” Galaxy, is currently the subject of intense study with many ground-based surveys, in anticipation of upcoming results from the Gaia mission. From this work we have been learning about the full three-dimensional structure of the Galactic box/peanut bulge, the distribution of stars in the bar and disk, and the many streams and substructures in the Galactic halo. The data indicate that a large fraction of the Galactic halo has been accreted from outside. Similarly, in many external galaxy halos there is now evidence for tidal streams and accretion of satellites. To study these features requires exquisite, deep photometry and spectroscopy. These observations illustrate how galaxy halos are still growing, and sometimes can be used to “time” the accretion events. In comparison with cosmological simulations, the structure of galaxy halos gives us a vivid illustration of the hierarchical nature of our Universe.
Chemical-sensitive graphene modulator with a memory effect for internet-of-things applications
Authors: Huang Haiyu , Tao Li , Liu Fei , Ji Li , Hu Ye , Cheng Mark Ming-Cheng , Chen Pai-Yen , Akinwande Deji
Published: May 2016

Modern internet of things (IoTs) and ubiquitous sensor networks could potentially take advantage of chemically sensitive nanomaterials and nanostructures. However, their heterogeneous integration with other electronic modules on a networked sensor node, such as silicon-based modulators and memories, is inherently challenging because of compatibility and integration issues. Here we report a novel paradigm for sensing modulators: a graphene field-effect transistor device that directly modulates a radio frequency (RF) electrical carrier signal when exposed to chemical agents, with a memory effect in its electrochemical history. We demonstrated the concept and implementation of this graphene-based sensing modulator through a frequency-modulation (FM) experiment conducted in a modulation cycle consisting of alternating phases of air exposure and ethanol or water treatment. In addition, we observed an analog memory effect in terms of the charge neutrality point of the graphene, Vcnp, which strongly influences the FM results, and developed a calibration method using electrochemical gate-voltage pulse sequences. This graphene-based multifunctional device shows great potential for use in a simple, low-cost, and ultracompact nanomaterial-based nodal architecture to enable continuous, real-time event-based monitoring in pervasive healthcare IoTs, ubiquitous security systems, and other chemical/molecular/gas monitoring applications.
Multimodal two-photon imaging using a second harmonic generation-specific dye
Authors: Nuriya Mutsuo , Fukushima Shun , Momotake Atsuya , Shinotsuka Takanori , Yasui Masato , Arai Tatsuo
Published: May 2016

Second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging can be used to visualize unique biological phenomena, but currently available dyes limit its application owing to the strong fluorescent signals that they generate together with SHG. Here we report the first non-fluorescent and membrane potential-sensitive SHG-active organic dye Ap3. Ap3 is photostable and generates SH signals at the plasma membrane with virtually no fluorescent signals, in sharp contrast to the previously used fluorescent dye FM4-64. When tested in neurons, Ap3-SHG shows linear membrane potential sensitivity and fast responses to action potentials, and also shows significantly reduced photodamage compared with FM4-64. The SHG-specific nature of Ap3 allows simultaneous and completely independent imaging of SHG signals and fluorescent signals from various reporter molecules, including markers of cellular organelles and intracellular calcium. Therefore, this SHG-specific dye enables true multimodal two-photon imaging in biological samples.
p53-dependent SIRT6 expression protects Aβ42-induced DNA damage
Authors: Jung Eun Sun , Choi Hyunjung , Song Hyundong , Hwang Yu Jin , Kim Ahbin , Ryu Hoon , Mook-Jung Inhee
Published: May 2016

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia and age-related neurodegenerative disease. Elucidating the cellular changes that occur during ageing is an important step towards understanding the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. SIRT6 is a member of the mammalian sirtuin family of anti-aging genes. However, the relationship between SIRT6 and AD has not yet been elucidated. Here, we report that SIRT6 protein expression levels are reduced in the brains of both the 5XFAD AD mouse model and AD patients. Aβ42, a major component of senile plaques, decreases SIRT6 expression, and Aβ42-induced DNA damage is prevented by the overexpression of SIRT6 in HT22 mouse hippocampal neurons. Also, there is a strong negative correlation between Aβ42-induced DNA damage and p53 levels, a protein involved in DNA repair and apoptosis. In addition, upregulation of p53 protein by Nutlin-3 prevents SIRT6 reduction and DNA damage induced by Aβ42. Taken together, this study reveals that p53-dependent SIRT6 expression protects cells from Aβ42-induced DNA damage, making SIRT6 a promising new therapeutic target for the treatment of AD.