bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In-situ Iron Modified Mesoporous Silica MCM-48 for Electrochemical Energy Storage
Authors: Kalita Arnab , Kashyap Trishanku , Saikia Pranjal , Talukdar Anup Kumar
Published: May 2024

Electrochemical energy technologies stand as the beacon of a sustainable future, poised to redefine energy generation, storage and utilization with unparalleled efficiency and environmental stewardship. In this study, Fe was integrated into the MCM-48 framework to create a modified mesoporous structure to be used as electrodes for electrochemical storage applications. The materials were thoroughly characterized using various techniques, including XRD, XPS, UV-Vis (DRS), FT-IR, N2 adsorption-desorption analysis, SEM with EDX, TEM and TGA. Cyclic voltammetry and galvanometric charge-discharge studies revealed that the Fe-MCM-48 sample with Si:Fe molar ratio of 20 (Fe-MCM-48 (20)) exhibited pseudocapacitive behaviour, showcasing higher capacitance value of up to 787 F g-1 at a current density of 1 A g−1. The findings undeniably indicate that Fe-MCM-48 (20) holds promise as a highly effective electrode material for advancing energy storage technologies.
Using unmanned aerial systems for observations of water wave characteristics
Authors: Bheeroo Vivek , Bae Soo Bum , Lee Mu-Jung , Socolofsky Scott A. , Chang Kuang-An
Published: May 2024

Dominant wave groups within a wavefield play key hydrodynamic and morphodynamic processes. Herein, we present a method to detect and measure the parameters of these waves, such as their wavelength, propagation angle and period. Image sequences of the free surface are captured with the use of a commercial unmanned aerial system. A snapshot Proper Orthogonal Decomposition analysis is then applied to the image sequence, and a 2D autocorrelation is performed on the resulting modes. By detecting the mode with the highest correlation peak, it is then possible to infer the wave properties of the dominant wave. The outlined procedure is applied to ocean waves, shorter waves along a river and propagating ship wakes. Our results demonstrate an improvement in the Signal-to-Noise ratio of the peak wave signal to ambient noise over the more widely used Fast Fourier Transform approach.
How do High-Quality Higher Education Opportunities Affect Couples’ Fertility Decisions？
Authors: Hu Taowen
Published: May 2024

In China, there are significant and enduring inter-provincial disparities in access to high-quality higher education, particularly in regards to admission to elite universities. The estimation results of this paper show that high-quality higher education opportunities significantly increase couples’ likelihood of having children. This effect is limited to the 985-Project university admission opportunities, while the 211-Project university admission opportunities do not have a significant effect on couples’ fertility rate increase. Compared to couples with a low chance of their child’s admission to a 985-Project university, those with a high chance are 4.2% more likely to have children. Unequal educational opportunities can lead to weaker inter-generational income mobility and lower returns to fertility for couples, which in turn suppress fertility. JEL: J13; I21; I28
Spectrum Of Urinary Tract Infection Among Renal Allograft Recipients in a Tertiary Care Centre of Northeast India
Authors: Sharma Manjuri , Qanoongo Faheem Nazir , Doley Prodip Kumar , Pegu Gayatri , Pegu Miranda
Published: May 2024

Background Urinary tract infection (UTI) poses a significant threat to renal allograft recipients, jeopardizing graft function and patient survival. This study aimed to investigate the incidence, clinical manifestations, microbiological profile, risk factors, and impact of UTI on renal allograft outcomes.Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary care center in Assam, India, from July 2022 to January 2024, including 220 renal allograft recipients aged over 18 years. Detailed clinical, microbiological, and outcome data were collected and analyzed using SPSS. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify independent risk factors.Results The incidence of UTI was 25%, with a higher prevalence in females (58%). Asymptomatic bacteriuria (45%) and cystitis (35%) were the most common UTI types. Escherichia coli (44%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (32%) were the predominant uropathogens, with 12% of isolates being multi-drug resistant (MDR) and 7% pan-drug resistant (PDR). Female gender (OR 6.73, 95% CI 4.53–12.65, p < 0.001), Prolonged Foley's catheterization (OR 3.92, 95% CI 2.95–4.88, p = 0.019), and Urinary tract abnormalities (OR 2.83, 95% CI 1.61–4.17, p = 0.027) emerged as significant independent risk factors. UTI led to graft failure in 54% of cases, and 3% underwent graft nephrectomy. However, 66% of patients with acute graft dysfunction due to UTI achieved complete recovery with management.Conclusions This study revealed a substantial 25% incidence of urinary tract infection among renal allograft recipients, with the highest risk observed in the early post-transplant period, especially within the first 3 months. Asymptomatic bacteriuria was the most common presentation, and Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the predominant uropathogens, with a considerable proportion exhibiting multidrug and pan-drug resistance. Female gender, prolonged Foley's catheterization, and urinary tract abnormalities were identified as independent risk factors for UTI development. These findings emphasize the need for heightened vigilance, prompt diagnosis, tailored treatment approaches, and targeted preventive strategies to mitigate the burden of UTIs and combat antimicrobial resistance in this high-risk population.
Multi-Objective Contextual Bandits in Recommendation Systems for Smart Tourism
Authors: Qassimi Sara , Rakrak Said
Published: May 2024

In the context of smart tourism, the utilization of recommender systems is becoming increasingly critical for enhancing the personalization and quality of travel experiences. Tourists often encounter complex decision-making due to information overload, context-aware recommender systems have emerged as a promising solution, leveraging contextual data such as time, weather, and location. However, these systems face the challenge of the complexity of handling dynamic context. Thus, the static nature of these systems can result in a degradation of performance, as they fail to capture the dynamic nature of user behavior and context. Addressing these issues, this paper presents a novel multi-objective contextual multi-armed bandit-based recommender system. This proposal integrates the strengths of contextual bandit algorithms with multi-objective optimization, offering personalized recommendations and learning from user feedback. The multi-objective optimization includes the dual necessities of relevance and fairness in recommendations, ensuring the promotion of a balanced tourism ecosystem. Extensive experiments were carried out on public datasets to evaluate the performance of our proposed approach. Its effectiveness was compared with baseline methods to establish its performance, demonstrating the significance of multi-objective optimization in enhancing personalized recommendations in smart tourism. To evaluate the performance of our proposed algorithm, we conducted experiments using two datasets, a designed dataset that simulates real-world scenarios and TripAdvisor dataset. The study provides a case scenario of implementing this proposed approach in the smart tourism context of Marrakesh, demonstrating its potential to revolutionize the tourist experience in smart cities.
Uptake of Preventive Nutrition Interventions among Caretakers of Children under 5 years in a pastoral setting of South Sudan
Authors: BALUKU Walter Nehemiah , Kananura Rornald Muhumuza , Wasswa Ronald , Tsadik Shishay , Guwoly Stella Guwoly Stella , Babughirana Geoffrey , Tabusibwa Barbara Eva Kirunda
Published: May 2024

Background
Preventive nutrition interventions (PNI) are usually implemented without understanding how multilevel factors affect uptake. Undernutrition is defined as inadequate intake of nutritious foods. Pastoral populations coupled with conflicts are seen to have low uptake. The study assessed level and multiple factors influencing uptake of PNI in caregivers of children under 5 years (CU5) in Kapoeta South County of South Sudan.
Methods
The study was multidimensional and recruited 405 caregivers of CU5. Quantitative data were obtained through a structured questionnaire. Qualitative data were obtained through Key Informant Interviews (KII). Quantitative data were classified; Personal, interpersonal, and community factors and analyzed using Stata version 16.0. Factor analysis categorized uptake levels; low, medium, and high and logistic binary regression model used to evaluate associations.
Result
Uptake of preventive nutrition interventions was low (51.4%). In a combined regression model, caregivers who had ever heard about PNI (OR=0.16, C.I.=0.10-0.25), number of children in a household (OR=0.40, C.I.=0.26-0.63), and caregivers who made joint decisions (OR=0.31, C.I.=0.19-0.50) were negatively associated with low uptake of PNIs. Similarly, having an undernourished child (OR=2.59, C.I.=1.73-3.89), time to reach health facility (OR=1.70, C.I.=1.30-2.23) and absence of a health facility in community (OR=1.63, C.I.=1.02-2.59) were positively associated with uptake. KIs confirmed undernourishment and time to reach health facilities as barriers influencing low uptake.
Conclusion
Uptake of preventive nutrition interventions among caretakers of CU5 in a pastoral setting of South Sudan is low. Nutrition stakeholders should target caregivers with information, benefits and availability of PNIs and role of spousal-supported joint decision-making.
Effect of Vitamin C on Subacute Cypermethrin Induced Hematotoxicity and Brain Histopathological Changes in Wistar Rats
Authors: Moses Ezekiel , Izegaegbe Amanda E.
Published: May 2024

The study was aimed at evaluating the effects of vitamin C on cypermethrin induced haematological and histological changes in adult Wistar rats. Twenty apparently healthy adult Wistar rats were used for this study. The animals were acclimatized for two weeks before the commencement of the study. The rats were divided randomly into 4 groups of 5 animals each. Animals in group A were dosed with distilled water (DW), while those in group B were given Cypermethrin (CYP) at 30mg/kg. The rats in group C were treated with vitamin C (100mg/kg), while those in group D were administered sequentially with cypermethrin (CYP) (30mg/kg) and 30minutes after vitamin C (100mg/kg) was given. The treatments were administered once daily by oral gavage for 2 weeks and all rats were observed for clinical signs within the test period. Clinical signs were observed within the test period. At the end of the experiment, blood (2mls) was collected directly from the heart and brain samples were also collected using dissecting tools from each group. The rats in group B showed clinical signs of diarrhea, salivation, restlessness, scratching and rubbing their mouth on beddings and rough hair coat with erect hairs. Rats in groups A, C and D showed no clinical signs. The decreased WBC, reduced RBC counts and increased MCHC were ameliorated by treatment with vitamin C in group D. Treatment with vitamin C did not affect the body weight of these animals. Vacuoles were seen in the histopathological sections of the brain of groups B and D, which was more evident in group B, while groups A and C were normal. From this study it is concluded that vitamin C mitigated the hematological and brain histopathological changes induced by cypermethrin probably due to its antioxidant mechanism.
Exploring Variability for morphological and quality traits in Natural Seedling Origin Mango Germplasm of South Gujarat
Authors: Patel Nikita , Tandel Y. N. , Chauhan D. A.
Published: May 2024

In order to determine the possibility of local seedling origin mango genotypes from different districts in the South Gujarat region during 2021–2023, which have been found in both orchards and backyards, the natural diversity of seedling mango was examined. A total of 113 mango seedlings were identified and subjected to biochemical, quantitative, and qualitative analysis. Fruit form, beak type, sinus type, fruit apex, skin color of ripe fruit, fiber content, and pulp texture were among the quantitative characteristics examined; all of these showed substantial differences across certain genotypes. The variables that varied the most were fruit weight, fruit width, peel weight, stone weight, shelf life, titratable acidity, and ascorbic acid properties. Based on the amount of fiber they contain, genotypes have been split into two main groups: 89 genotypes with table purpose and 24 genotypes with sucking purpose. Furthermore, ten superior Navsari Mango Selection (NMS) genotypes, namely NMS-15, NMS-18, NMS-20, NMS-38, NMS-69, NMS-77, NMS-88, NMS-112, and NMS-146, were identified based on five commercially significant traits, including fruit weight (> 200 g), pulp percentage (> 60.00%), TSS (> 20 ° Brix), shelf life (> 7 days), and overall acceptability (> 7 point).
Microplastic pollution in riparian soils of the rapidly growing city of Thimphu, Bhutan
Authors: Jamtsho Karma , Lund Mark A. , Blake David , Etten Eddie J.B. van
Published: May 2024

Plastic has become a vitally important material for humans; however, the large amount of plastic waste generated annually pollutes the environment. Plastic decomposition generates microplastics (MPs), which have emerged as a concerning global environmental pollutant because of their potential to be more harmful to the environment than their larger counterparts. This study investigated the effects of land use, distance to impervious cover (IC), and plot IC% on the abundance of MPs, as well as the relationship between MPs and urban riparian soil (RS) properties, surface plastic, textile waste, and distance to upstream drainage outlet in the riparian zone (RZ) of the Wang River in Thimphu City, Bhutan. A density separation technique was used to extract MPs from the soil. The results showed that RS in urban sites had higher concentrations of MPs (93.31%) than in other land use (7.69%, p = 0.04). Blue MPs (46.15%) were the most common plastic colour. MPs in urban RS sites were distributed unevenly, ranging from 0 to 500 particles/kg. MP concentration was positively correlated with RS available phosphorus (p = 0.01). Our findings highlight the nature and pathways of MP pollution in developing cities, where the emphasis on economic growth often leads to environmental management being deprioritized. We also identify opportunities for developing cities to reduce MP pollution by recovering surface plastic and textile waste, recycling, and disposing of them in low-impact landfills.
Production of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and lupeol by Lycium schweinfurthii suspension cultures in shake flasks and a rocking-motion bioreactor
Authors: Mamdouh Diaa , Nebauer Peter , Junne Stefan , Smetanska Iryna
Published: May 2024

Lycium schweinfurthii, a wild shrub of the Solanaceae family, has received increasing attention in the last decade for its therapeutic potential in traditional medicine due to its diverse array of secondary metabolites, including phenolic substances and terpenoids. The aim of this study was to investigate the accumulation of phenolics, flavonoids, and the terpenoid lupeol in L. schweinfurthii cell suspension cultures cultivated in flasks and in a single-use 2-dimensional rocking motion bioreactor. 3 different media formulations were compared for in vitro cell cultures. Various parameters, such as biomass accumulation, settled cell volume, cell viability (assessed via a 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride assay), and sucrose consumption were recorded as indicators of cell activity and growth. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were estimated spectrophotometrically and lupeol was quantified via High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC). Although a higher fresh biomass concentration of 464 g L− 1 was obtained in MS medium supplemented with a combination of each, 1 mg L− 1 of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), the rocking-motion bioreactor cultivation was performed with 2 mg L− 1 NAA due to its superior reproducibility in viability, productivity, and content of bioactive compounds. A final fresh biomass concentration of 185 g L− 1 was achieved in a 16 L cultivation scale with a notable increase in the concentration of phenolics (1.4-fold) and flavonoids (1.7-fold). Most importantly, the concentration of lupeol, a pentacyclic triterpenoid known for its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anti-atherogenic properties, exhibited a remarkable 5.5-fold increase in the bioreactor cultivation (585 µg g− 1) compared to shake flask cultivations (106 µg g− 1). The current study demonstrated the profound impact of media composition and especially of controlled cultivation conditions in a rocking-motion bioreactor on the accumulation of bioactive compounds. The findings are also relevant for other plant cell cultures.
Empirical Model of VIX Volatility and SPX Variance
Authors: Lee Peter
Published: May 2024

We introduce a toy model for VIX futures dynamics using the Shifted-Lognormal (SLN) model which does an excellent job of fitting VIX option prices with only two parameters. Then using the results of Roger Lee who studied SLN models in detail, we propose a way to extrapolate VIX volatility surface which by construction is arbitrage free. Then, we derive analytical formula for forward variance in this model and relate risks of VIX volatility surface with that of SPX volatility surface by matching variance swaps results from both markets. This allows one to relate risk parameters between VIX and SPX volatility surface, namely we derive a nonlinear equation that relates VIX skew and SPX skew. This can be used for cross market hedging, arbitrage and enhanced risk monitoring.
Gender Differences in Language Use in Talks at Google
Authors:   Department of Foreign Languages, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE, Alhammadi Wafa , Rabab’ah Ghaleb ,   Department of English Language and Literature, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan, Alghazo Sharif ,   Department of English Language and Literature, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
Published: May 2024

his study examines the linguistic features utilised by male and female native English speakers during their Talks at Google using Lakoff and Lakoff’s framework of women’s language. The analysis is conducted on a sample of 14 videos, consisting of seven for each gender, using a mixed-method approach. The quantitative analysis presents the frequencies of the utterances used by the speakers, while the qualitative analysis identifies the language forms employed by each gender. The findings reveal that both genders employed the linguistic features suggested by Lakoff in their talks. Contrary to Lakoff and Lakoff’s assumptions, the female speakers utilised fewer linguistic features, accounting for only 47.43% of the features present in the corpus. Specifically, female speakers used intensifiers, tag questions and humour more frequently than male speakers, while male speakers employed empty adjectives, hedges, hypercorrect grammar and super polite forms more often than female speakers. The results provide insights into the language usage patterns of each gender and allude to possible changes in women’s use of linguistic patterns.
Candidate phases for SU(2) adjoint QCD$_4$ with two flavors from $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory
Authors: Córdova Clay , Dumitrescu Thomas
Published: May 2024

We study four-dimensional adjoint QCD with gauge group SU(2)SU(2) and two Weyl fermion flavors, which has an SU(2)_RSU(2)R chiral symmetry. The infrared behavior of this theory is not firmly established. We explore candidate infrared phases by embedding adjoint QCD into {\mathcal N}=2𝒩=2 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory deformed by a supersymmetry-breaking scalar mass MM that preserves all global symmetries and ’t Hooft anomalies. This includes ’t Hooft anomalies that are only visible when the theory is placed on manifolds that do not admit a spin structure. The consistency of this procedure is guaranteed by a nonabelian spin-charge relation involving the SU(2)_RSU(2)R symmetry that is familiar from topologically twisted {\mathcal N}=2𝒩=2 theories. Since every vacuum on the Coulomb branch of the {\mathcal N}=2𝒩=2 theory necessarily matches all ’t Hooft anomalies, we can generate candidate phases for adjoint QCD by deforming the theories in these vacua while preserving all symmetries and ’t Hooft anomalies. One such deformation is the supersymmetry-breaking scalar mass MM itself, which can be reliably analyzed when MM is small. In this regime it gives rise to an exotic Coulomb phase without chiral symmetry breaking. By contrast, the theory near the monopole and dyon points can be deformed to realize a candidate phase with monopole-induced confinement and chiral symmetry breaking. The low-energy theory consists of two copies of a \mathbb{CP}^1ℂℙ1 sigma model, which we analyze in detail. Certain topological couplings that are likely to be present in this \mathbb{CP}^1ℂℙ1 model turn the confining solitonic string of the model into a topological insulator. We also examine the behavior of various candidate phases under fermion mass deformations. We speculate on the possible large-MM behavior of the deformed {\mathcal N}=2𝒩=2 theory and conjecture that the \mathbb{CP}^1ℂℙ1 phase eventually becomes dominant.
Variação longitudinal da densidade básica da madeira de clones de eucalipto
Authors: Cacau Filipe Valadão do Prado , Duarte Milena da Silva , Urbano Edilson , Falcão Karina dos Santos , Silva Raíssa Falcão da
Published: May 2024

Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar a variação da densidade básica da madeira (DBM) ao longo do fuste para clones de eucalipto. Aos 96 meses após o plantio, foram abatidas seis árvores para a determinação da densidade básica da madeira, sendo três árvores do clone I-144 (Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis), e três do clone 1277 (Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus camaldulensis). Para cada árvore foram coletados discos de 5 cm, em seis diferentes posições ao longo do fuste (0, dap, 25, 50, 75 e 100% da altura comercial). A DBM foi determinada pelo método de imersão em água. Para garantir que a umidade das amostras estivesse acima do ponto de saturação das fibras, inicialmente as amostras foram imersas em recipientes com água. Para a obtenção da massa seca da madeira, as amostras foram acondicionadas em estufa de ventilação forçada aquecida a 103 ± 2ºC até peso constante. A DBM foi calculada pela relação entre a massa seca e volume saturado. As DBM’s médias para os clones I-144 e 1277, foram de 0,47 e 0,48 g.cm-³, respectivamente. Apesar dos valores médios da DBM terem sido semelhantes, foram observadas tendências distintas de variação longitudinal da DBM entre os clones. O clone I-144, de forma geral, apresentou redução da densidade no sentido base-topo, enquanto para o clone 1277, foram observados valores semelhantes para a DBM na base e no topo.
Job satisfaction of Indonesian workers: An analysis and forecasting using STAR model
Authors: Darmi Astuti Sih , Kadek Suryani Ni
Published: May 2024

This study examines and forecasts job satisfaction of Indonesian workers from 2000 to 2022 using the happiness index and its influencing factors. The Smooth Transition Autoregressive (STAR) method is employed to analyze the non-linear relationship between the happiness index and worker welfare, performance, and motivation, which are measured by per capita consumption, GDP per capita, and labor force participation. The inflation rate serves as the transition variable. The findings reveal positive effects of worker welfare and performance and a negative effect of work motivation on the happiness index. A significant threshold effect is also observed, which varies with the inflation rate. The study predicts an increase in the happiness index from 2023 to 2026, indicating improved job satisfaction post-COVID-19. This study contributes to the literature by employing a novel method and providing empirical evidence from Indonesia, a developing country with a large and diverse workforce, before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The study acknowledges some limitations and implications for future research, such as the use of aggregate data, the linear assumption, and the lack of control variables. The paper underscores the need for policymakers and practitioners to enhance worker welfare and performance and to mitigate the negative impact of work motivation. It also highlights the need for workers and society to elevate the happiness index as a measure of job satisfaction and well-being and to address the economic and social challenges and opportunities that affect workers’ quality of life.
As particularidades organizativas, ideológicas e reivindicativas do sindicalismo do magistério público municipal
Authors: Taras Vaz Marta Rosani , Masson Gisele
Published: May 2024

Este artigo objetiva analisar as particularidades organizativas, reivindicativas e ideológicas do sindicalismo docente no âmbito público municipal, desvelando suas contradições sob a luz de uma perspectiva revolucionária. Fundamentada no referencial teórico-metodológico do Materialismo Histórico-dialético, a pesquisa analisou três entidades sindicais que correspondem às três formas de organização docente, localizadas na região Sudeste do estado do Paraná: sindicato regional próprio dos (as) professores (as), seção sindical do sindicato estadual e sindicato de servidores públicos municipais. Com base nos documentos das entidades, entrevistas com os dirigentes e questionários aplicados aos (as) professores (as), concluiu-se que, apesar das particularidades organizativas (baixo número de filiados e lutas municipalizadas), das particularidades da consciência sindical (consciência meritocrática) e das particularidades reivindicativas (aproximação com as políticas educacionais), a mobilização da categoria tende a acontecer mediante as reivindicações relacionadas à remuneração.
Lei nº 14.191/2021 e suas proposições na/para educação de discentes surdos
Authors: De Assunção Xavier Ferreira Ana Cristina , Costa Chahini Thelma Helena
Published: May 2024

Em 2021, o Brasil reconheceu a educação bilíngue de surdos como modalidade de educação escolar na Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDBEN). Advento esse, fruto de várias reivindicações sociais e políticas em busca de uma escolarização assertiva e equitativa para esta população. Desde o reconhecimento da Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras), em 2002, as pesquisas sobre a Libras efervescem continuamente, o que se fortaleceu a partir de 2009, com movimentos sociais mais incisivos para a implementação de escolas, salas e/ou polos bilíngues. Neste entremeio, o que se evidenciou foram resultados não animadores no que tange à escolarização destes surdos no modelo atual de inclusão no Brasil, o que reforçou ainda mais a necessidade de espaços bilíngues. O presente artigo tem como objetivo, analisar as projeções que rege a Lei de nº. 14.191/2021 na oferta da educação bilíngue de surdos e as implicações na implementação desta nova modalidade no país. Assim, a Lei nº. 14.191/2021 apresenta os direcionamentos para que a oferta desta nova modalidade de ensino ocorra e, com eles, possamos desvelar novos desdobramentos exitosos nesse processo. Esperamos que a sua representatividade dê lugar ao surgimento e/ou aprimoramento de novas políticas.
FACILE HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS OF NIOBIUM PENTOXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR AND THEIR APPLICATION IN THE PHOTODEGRADATION OF DYES AND REDUCTION OF FREE FAT ACIDS IN WASTE OIL
Authors: Crisóstomo Camilo , Damaceno Fernanda , Barbosa Luele , Almeida Jânio , Batista Walker Vinicius , Malagutti Andréa Renata , de Mesquita João Paulo , Torres Juliana , Iga Gustavo , de Oliveira Caue , Ribeiro Roberto , Mourão Henrique
Published: May 2024

We report a facile hydrothermal method for the synthesis of niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) under two different temperatures, 120 °C (Nb2O5-120) and 150 °C (Nb2O5-150). The obtained materials were characterized by structural, optical and morphological techniques. Also, the photocatalytic properties of the Nb2O5 samples were evaluated in two reactions under ultraviolet (UVC) irradiation: degradation of methylene blue (MB) and indigo carmine (IC) dyes; and esterification of free fatty acids (FFA) present in waste cooking oil (WCO). The Nb2O5 was formed at different temperatures of synthesis, and the increase in temperature did not cause significant changes in the structural and optical characteristics, but resulted in an increased surface area of the synthesized materials. Both synthesized materials showed excellent efficiency for dye photodegradation. The sample Nb2O5-150 presented the best performance for the MB photodegradation, with almost 85% of the removal efficiency. In this case, the adsorption of MB molecules on the surface of the material was high due to the favorable electrostatic interaction and also because of its high surface area. For the IC photodegradation, the adsorption was insignificant, and both samples presented approximately 100% of the removal efficiency. These materials were also promising for the reduction of free fat acids in waste oil by photoesterification.
Scorpion Peptides from Buthus martensii Karsch Venom with Dual
Functions: Their Pharmaceutic Potential for Cancer Pain Therapy
Authors: Kampo Sylvanus , Kolbilla David Zawumya , Babu Aaron Bayor
Published: May 2024

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Buthus martensii Karsch (BmK) scorpion venom and its extracts are compounds found to contain a mixture of peptides with antitumor and analgesic activities. The extracts also contain polypeptides, lipids, nucleotides, mucoproteins, and other unknown substances showing potential therapeutic application. Finding medically relevant toxins, a range of peptides have been purified from BmK scorpion venom. These scorpion toxins are believed to modulate pain pathways to treat pain and cancer. This study aims to review the literature on BmK scorpion peptides with dual functions, their analgesic effects, and their mechanism of action in pain treat-ments and cancer. We reviewed the literature published between 1990 and 2023 from various databases and identified 59 articles suitable for our narrative review. In 1994, the first BmK scorpion peptide with an analgesic effect was purified. Since then, more analgesic peptides have been purified, including BmK AGAP, BmK AGAP-SYPU2, BmK AGP, BmK AGP-SYPU1, BmK AGP-SYPU2, BmK AS, and BmK iT2. Studies have demonstrated that these peptides bind to voltage sodium channels and inhibit the inactivation of the activated sodium channels to block neuron transmission. The analgesic activities of these peptides have been examined on different pain stimuli, resulting in strong analgesic and antitumor effects. Moreover, the antitumor activi-ties of these peptides have been investigated in vitro and in vivo. The findings showed that the analgesic peptides may have antitumor effects. Based on their dual functions, these peptides have the potential to be developed as practical therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer-related pain.
Successful treatment of a challenging periprosthetic femoral fracture on a premenopausal patient with a long history of immunosuppression
Authors: Kurokawa Takayuki , Varga Endre
Published: May 2024

While immunosuppression provides relief and care in patients with rheumatic arthritis, the prolonged usage of steroids has been known to cause various and serious complications. While in older patients it is common to find those with a long history of immunosuppression, younger patients also suffer from its prolonged complications. We present a 38 year old heavily immunocompromised female patient with excellent compliance on which we operated on multiple occasions and have treated from 2019 to 2022. The patient was originally diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis at age 7, and has been receiving high dose immunosuppressive medication. The patient received bilateral total hip arthroplasty during 2009 and 2013, and a Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKE) in 2011. Over the course of her postoperative recovery, she suffered from multiple cases of periprosthetic fractures. In October 2019, the patient again presented with spontaneous pain in her right thigh. She was then diagnosed with a Vancouver C type periprosthetic fracture on the right femur, and was referred and admitted to our level one Trauma Center in Szeged, Hungary. After multiple trials, the patient received a Locking Compression Plate (LCP) type Proximal Femoral Hook Plate (PFHP) with cable fixation, attachments and a bone allograft to reinforce stability and neutralize stress on the fractured area.  Multiple and repetitive challenges can be expected in treating bony fractures of weight bearing lower limbs for heavily immunocompromised patients. The patient, despite her young age, had the osteological biology of a elderly patient, requiring us to take into consideration not only surgical components but biological components as well. With a multidisciplinary approach from osteological, biological, and surgical fields, successful results may be acquired even in these challenging cases.
Determination of the New SNP g.939A>G of the TYR Gene in Abnormal Coat Color in Bali Cattle
Authors: Kholijah  , Mokhmad Fakhrul Ulum  , Sri Darwati  , Ronny Rachman Noor  , Jakaria
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to assess the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the exon 1 region of the tyrosinase (TYR) gene in Bali cattle with abnormal coat color. This study analyzed 43 Bali cattle, 26 individuals with typical or standard coat color, and 17 individuals with albinism. The genetic diversity of the TYR gene was determined via direct sequencing and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) techniques. The sequence data of the TYR gene were scrutinized using BioEdit and MEGA10 software to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to different types of coat color features in Bali cattle. The genetic diversity information was derived from computations performed using PopGen 1.32 software. The results showed that exon 1 of the TYR gene was affected by the new SNP g.939A>G, which is polymorphic in Bali cattle. In conclusion, the SNP c.939A>G can be further analyzed for use as a candidate-assisted selection (MAS) for abnormal coat color in Bali cattle.
Social Inclusion and Empowerment: Developing Local Potential in Bahu Palawa Village of Pulang Pisau Regency of Central Kalimantan Province
Authors: Anam M. Syaeful , Batubara Muhammad Zusanri , Atem Atem , Rahmatu Habibah Pidi
Published: May 2024

Government policy on village funds seeks to encourage village independence. Village independence can focus on development based on local potential. Studies on local potential-based village development have not yet explored the issues of social inclusion and community empowerment. This research analyzes the approach to social inclusion and community empowerment in developing local potential in Bahu Palawa Village. Social inclusion and community empowerment are important to study because these two aspects play a role in fostering more equitable, participatory, and sustainable development. This study uses Bennett’s theoretical framework (2003) regarding social inclusion and community empowerment. This study uses a qualitative approach using three data collection techniques: observation, in-depth interviews, and document and literature study. Research findings show that the Bahu Palawa Village Government has tried to foster social inclusion and community empowerment in developing local potential. Social inclusion and community empowerment have not been running optimally due to a lack of access to basic services, awareness and knowledge, limited infrastructure, economic inequality, and the ineffectiveness of community empowerment programs. This condition inhibits citizen participation and prevents them from being fully involved in village development. In conclusion, developing local potential requires holistic social inclusion and empowerment development. This can be done through collaboration with a focus on increasing local capacity.
Predicting physical activity engagement among college students: A logistic regression analysis of lifestyle influences
Authors:   Department of Teacher Education, UM Digos College, Digos City, Philippines, Obra Mark Japhet D. , Murcia John Vianne B. ,   Professional Schools, University of Mindanao, Davao City, Philippines
Published: May 2024

This research aimed to create a model that could predict how likely college students are to participate in physical activities (PA) using a method called logistic regression analysis. The study collected data from 1,118 students at the largest private university in Mindanao, Philippines, through a survey called the physical activity engagement survey (PAES). An analysis of the students' backgrounds found that most of them were single, did not have jobs, were female, and did not have children. The study also looked at the students' lifestyles and found many did not have a family history of illness but did consume a lot of junk food and alcohol and did not often walk from home to school. The analysis using logistic regression found important factors that could predict if students would take part in PA. It was discovered that male students were more likely to be active than female students. Surprisingly, students studying degrees that required physical effort and those who had jobs were less likely to be active. On the other hand, students who had a strong interest in PA and knew its benefits were more likely to be active. The model was able to correctly identify whether 72.9% of the students were active or not. Additionally, it was noted that students often ate out, consuming a lot of burgers, fried foods, sweets, and sugary drinks. The study also looked at how students viewed their physical education (PE) classes, their own fitness levels, and how effective they thought their PE teachers and facilities were. Overall, students had a positive view but also pointed out some areas that could be better. This detailed analysis shows that many different factors, like background, lifestyle, and perceptions, play a role in whether college students are likely to engage in PA. The findings suggest that efforts to encourage PA among students should be tailored to address these diverse factors.
Effectiveness of mHealth Apps for Maternal Health Care Delivery: Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews
Authors: Ameyaw Edward Kwabena , Amoah Padmore Adusei , Ezezika Obidimma
Published: May 2024

Background

Globally, the use of mobile health (mHealth) apps or interventions has increased. Robust synthesis of existing systematic reviews on mHealth apps may offer useful insights to guide maternal health clinicians and policy makers.

Objective

This systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness or impact of mHealth apps on maternal health care delivery globally.

Methods

We systematically searched Scopus, Web of Science (Core Collection), MEDLINE or PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews using a predeveloped search strategy. The quality of the reviews was independently assessed by 3 reviewers, while study selection was done by 2 independent raters. We presented a narrative synthesis of the findings, highlighting the specific mHealth apps, where they are implemented, and their effectiveness or outcomes toward various maternal conditions.

Results

A total of 2527 documents were retrieved, out of which 16 documents were included in the review. Most mHealth apps were implemented by sending SMS text messages with mobile phones. mHealth interventions were most effective in 5 areas: maternal anxiety and depression, diabetes in pregnancy, gestational weight management, maternal health care use, behavioral modification toward smoking cessation, and controlling substance use during pregnancy. We noted that mHealth interventions for maternal health care are skewed toward high-income countries (13/16, 81%).

Conclusions

The effectiveness of mHealth apps for maternity health care has drawn attention in research and practice recently. The study showed that research on mHealth apps and their use dominate in high-income countries. As a result, it is imperative that low- and middle-income countries intensify their commitment to these apps for maternal health care, in terms of use and research.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42022365179; https://tinyurl.com/e5yxyx77
Japanese Perception of Organ Donation and Implications for New Medical Technologies: Quantitative and Qualitative Social Media Analyses
Authors: Vargas Meza Xanat , Oikawa Masanori
Published: May 2024

Background

The Rapid Autopsy Program (RAP) is a valuable procedure for studying human biology and diseases such as cancer. However, implementing the RAP in Japan necessitates a thorough understanding of concepts such as good death and the integration of sociocultural aspects. By revising perceptions of organ donation on social media, we bring attention to the challenges associated with implementing new medical research procedures such as the RAP.

Objective

This study aims to examine YouTube and Twitter/X to identify stakeholders, evaluate the quality of organ donation communication, and analyze sociocultural aspects associated with organ donation. Based on our findings, we propose recommendations for the implementation of new medical research procedures.

Methods

Using the term “臓器提供” (organ donation), we collected data from YouTube and Twitter/X, categorizing them into 5 dimensions: time, individuality, place, activity, and relationships. We utilized a scale to evaluate the quality of organ donation information and categorized YouTube videos into 3 groups to analyze their differences using statistical methods. Additionally, we conducted a text-based analysis to explore narratives associated with organ donation.

Results

Most YouTube videos were uploaded in 2021 (189/638, 29.6%) and 2022 (165/638, 25.9%), while tweets about organ donation peaked between 2019 and 2022. Citizens (184/770, 23.9%), media (170/770, 22.0%), and unknown actors (121/770, 15.7%) were the primary uploaders of videos on organ donation. In a sample of average retweeted and liked tweets, citizens accounted for the majority of identified users (64/91, 70%, and 65/95, 68%, respectively). Regarding Japanese regions, there were numerous information videos about organ donation in Hokkaido (F2.46,147.74=–5.28, P=.005) and Kyushu and Okinawa (F2.46,147.74=–5.28, P=.005). On Twitter/X, Japan and China were the most frequently mentioned countries in relation to organ donation discussions. Information videos often focused on themes such as borrowed life and calls to register as donors, whereas videos categorized as no information and misinformation frequently included accusations of organ trafficking, often propagated by Chinese-American media. Tweets primarily centered around statements of donation intention and discussions about family consent. The majority of video hyperlinks directed users to YouTube and Twitter/X platforms, while Twitter/X hyperlinks predominantly led to news reports from Japanese media outlets.

Conclusions

There is significant potential to implement new medical research procedures such as the RAP in Japan. Recommendations include conceptualizing research data as borrowed data, implementing horizontally diversified management of donation programs, and addressing issues related to science misinformation and popular culture trends.
Investigating the Use of Serious Games for Cancer Control Among Children and Adolescents: Scoping Review
Authors: Kim Sunghak , Wilson Paije , Abraham Olufunmilola
Published: May 2024

Background

Effective health care services that meet the diverse needs of children and adolescents with cancer are required to alleviate their physical, psychological, and social challenges and improve their quality of life. Previous studies showed that serious games help promote people’s health. However, the potential for serious games to be used for successful cancer control for children and adolescents has received less attention.

Objective

This scoping review aimed to map the use of serious games in cancer prevention and cancer care for children and adolescents, and provide future directions for serious games’ development and implementation within the context of cancer control for children and adolescents.

Methods

This study followed a combination of the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) and the JBI (Joanna Briggs Institute) framework for the conduct of scoping reviews. PubMed, CINAHL Plus Full Text, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, and American Psychological Association (APA) PsycINFO databases were used for the search.

Results

From the initial 2750 search results, 63 papers were included in the review, with 28 quantitative, 14 qualitative, and 21 mixed method studies. Most of the studies were cancer care serious game papers (55/63, 87%) and a small number of studies were cancer prevention serious game papers (8/63, 13%). The majority of the included studies were published between 2019 and 2023 (cancer prevention: 5/8, 63%; cancer care: 35/55, 64%). The majority of the studies were conducted in Europe (cancer prevention: 3/8, 38%; cancer care: 24/55, 44%) and North America (cancer prevention: 4/8, 50%; cancer care: 17/55, 31%). Adolescents were the most represented age group in the studies’ participants (cancer prevention: 8/8, 100%; cancer care: 46/55, 84%). All (8/8, 100%) cancer prevention serious game papers included healthy people as participants, and 45 out of 55 (82%) cancer care serious game papers included patients with cancer. The majority of cancer prevention serious game papers addressed game preference as a target outcome (4/8, 50%). The majority of cancer care serious game papers addressed symptom management as a target outcome (28/55, 51%). Of the cancer care studies examining serious games for symptom management, the majority of the studies were conducted to treat psychological (13/55, 24%) and physical symptoms (10/55, 18%).

Conclusions

This review shows both the growth of interest in the use of serious games for cancer control among children and adolescents and the potential for bias in the relevant literature. The diverse characteristics of the included papers suggest that serious games can be used in various ways for cancer control among children and adolescents while highlighting the need to develop and implement serious games in underrepresented areas.