bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CYP3A4*1B and CYP3A5*3 SNPs significantly impact the response of Egyptian candidates to high-intensity statin therapy to atorvastatin
Authors: Maslub Mohammed G. , Daud Nur Aizati Athirah , Radwan Mahasen A. , Sha’aban Abubakar , Ibrahim Arafa G.
Published: November 2024

Background

A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is a variation in the DNA sequence that results from the alteration of a single nucleotide in the genome. Atorvastatin is used to treat hypercholesterolemia. It belongs to a class of drugs called statins, which lower elevated levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Research findings on the associations between the response to atorvastatin and genetic polymorphisms in CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 are inconclusive. The effects of CYP3A4*1B (rs2740574 C/T) and CYP3A5*3 (rs776746 T/C) on atorvastatin therapy have not been previously studied among Egyptians.

Objective

This research aimed to investigate the effects of the genetic polymorphisms CYP3A4*1B and CYP3A5*3 on atorvastatin treatment in Egyptians.

Methods

In this prospective cohort study, 100 subjects were genotyped for these SNPs. All participants were screened for serum lipid profiles, liver enzymes, total bilirubin (TB), and creatine kinase (CK) before and after 40 mg postatorvastatin therapy. Atorvastatin plasma levels were assessed posttreatment; atorvastatin pharmacokinetics were evaluated in five carriers of the CYP3A4*1B (T/T) and CYP3A5*3 (C/C) genotypes.

Results

The allele frequencies of the CYP3A4*1B and CYP3A5*3 SNPs were 86% and 83%, respectively. The CYP3A4*1B (T/T) and CYP3A5*3 (C/C) genotypes significantly improved the serum triglyceride (TG) level (P < 0.05) and elevated the TB level (P < 0.001). Atorvastatin plasma levels were greater in CYP3A4*1B (T/T) (P < 0.05) and CYP3A5*3 (C/C) (P < 0.001) genotype carriers. Both SNPs significantly affected the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin compared with those of Egyptian volunteers and various ethnic populations.

Conclusions

The CYP3A4*1B and CYP3A5*3 variants were prevalent in the study participants and could impact the effectiveness and safety of atorvastatin therapy. The mutant genotype of the CYP3A4*1B SNP and the CYP3A5*3 SNP led to high atorvastatin levels. Both variants had a notable effect on the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin among Egyptians compared with healthy Egyptians and volunteers from other ethnic populations. Overall, clinicians can learn more about the impact of both variants in response to atorvastatin.

Graphical Abstract
Comparative evaluation of the modulatory role of 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 on endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced effects in 2D and 3D cultures of the intestinal porcine epithelial cell line IPEC-J2
Authors: Wen Gaiping , Eder Klaus , Ringseis Robert
Published: November 2024

Background

The use of conventional two-dimensional (2D) culture of the porcine intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) line IPEC-J2 in animal nutrition research has the disadvantage that IEC function is studied under unphysiological conditions, which limits the ability of transferring knowledge to the in vivo-situation. Thus, the aim of the present study was to establish a more convincing and meaningful three-dimensional (3D) culture of IPEC-J2 cells, which allows to study cell function in a more tissue-like environment, and to compare the effect of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inducer tunicamycin (TM) on ER stress indicators and the expression of tight junction proteins (TJP), inflammatory and apoptosis-related genes and the modulatory role of 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 (1,25D3) on these parameters in 2D and 3D cultures of IPEC-J2 cells.

Results

A published protocol for 3D culture of Caco-2 cells was successfully adopted to IPEC-J2 cells as evident from fully differentiated 3D IPEC-J2 spheroids showing the characteristic spherical architecture with a single layer of IPEC-J2 cells surrounding a central lumen. Treatment of 2D IPEC-J2 cells and 3D IPEC-J2 spheroids with TM for 24 h markedly increased mRNA and/or protein levels of the ER stress target genes, heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5 (HSPA5) and DNA damage inducible transcript 3 (DDIT3), whereas co-treatment with TM and 1,25D3 did not mitigate TM-induced ER stress in IPEC-J2 cells in the 2D and the 3D cell culture. In contrast, TM-induced expression of pro-inflammatory [interleukin-6 (IL6), IL8] and pro-apoptotic genes [BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator (BAX), caspase 3 (CASP3), CASP8] and genes encoding TJP [TJP1, claudin 1 (CLDN1), CLDN3, occludin (OCLN), cadherin 1 (CDH1), junctional adhesion molecule 1 (JAM1)] was reduced by co-treatment with TM and 1,25D3 in 3D IPEC-J2 spheroids but not in the 2D cell culture.

Conclusions

The effect of 1,25D3 in the IPEC-J2 cell culture is dependent on the culture model applied. While 1,25D3 does not inhibit TM-induced expression of genes involved in inflammation, apoptosis and TJP in conventional 2D cultures of IPEC-J2 cells, TM-induced expression of these genes is abrogated by 1,25D3 in the more meaningful 3D IPEC-J2 cell culture model.
Open donor nephrectomy via singular pararectal extraperitoneal mini-incision: single-center experience with 425 consecutive cases
Authors: Tessmer Philipp , Beetz Oliver , Meyer Anna , Weigle Clara A. , Stoerzer Simon , Einecke Gunilla , Gwinner Wilfried , Vondran Florian W. R. , Oldhafer Felix , Schmelzle Moritz , Richter Nicolas
Published: November 2024

Background

Laparoscopic techniques have been successfully implemented for living kidney donation. However, open surgical procedures also yield excellent perioperative outcomes. Endoscopic donor nephrectomy is associated with minimal trauma but is difficult for right-sided nephrectomies. Here, an open nephrectomy approach using a singular pararectal extraperitoneal mini-incision (SPEM) and the perioperative results are presented to elucidate whether open surgery is still justified in the modern era of endoscopic surgery.

Methods

In this single-center retrospective study, all living kidney donations performed at the Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery of the Hannover Medical School from January 2007 to December 2017 were assessed. Donor characteristics, operation time, transfusion requirements, perioperative complications, and graft outcomes were analyzed.

Results

Out of a total of 1681 kidney transplantations, 425 living kidney donations (25.2%) were performed. Donors were primarily female (273; 64.2%) and had a median age and body-mass index of 53 (24–76) years and 25.3 (16.8–36.4) kg/m2, respectively. The left kidney was harvested in 50.1% (211) of cases. Median operative time was 95 (48–212) min. Intraoperative transfusion was not required in any of the donors. Intraoperative complications were observed in 2.6% of cases (11), with injury of the donor kidney (5; 1.2%) and acute hemorrhage (3; 0.7%) being the most common complications. Postoperative complications were hematomas (32; 7.7%), seromas (28; 6.7%), and wound infections (7; 1.7%). Except for a single surgical revision owing to colon perforation (1; 0.002%), no other major complications (Clavien–Dindo ≥ IIIa) were observed in any of the donors. The donor’s and recipient’s median estimated glomerular filtration rate at discharge was 55 (29–114) and 51 (14–129) ml/min/1.73 m2, respectively. Initial nonfunction occurred in seven cases (1.6%).

Conclusions

Unlike the endoscopic technique, SPEM is equally suitable for right- and left-sided nephrectomy. SPEM nephrectomy is safe and results in minimal trauma. Despite performing SPEM nephrectomy in the era of endoscopic surgery, this technique provides excellent results with regard to donor and graft outcomes.
Impact of Hyaneb in the management of severe acute bronchiolitis in pediatric patients: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Ortega David , Lopez-Picado Amanda , Luján Esther Aleo
Published: November 2024

Background

To determine the impact of Hyaneb (7% hypertonic saline and 0.1% hyaluronic acid) on severe acute bronchiolitis management in pediatric patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible benefits and safety of Hyaneb in managing severe acute bronchiolitis.

Methods

This retrospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary healthcare center. The investigation included patients aged < 2 years who were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of the Clínico San Carlos Hospital. Patients were excluded if they had a radiological diagnosis of pneumothorax on admission, infection by other microorganisms, bronchiolitis for > 5 days, need for respiratory or hemodynamic support with extracorporeal techniques, or known allergies or intolerance to any Hyaneb compounds. We evaluated the potential benefit and safety of using Hyaneb in severe acute bronchiolitis between 2019 and 2020 by comparing two groups of patients: one that received Hyaneb and the other that did not.

Results

A total of 49 children were included in the study, and 51.7% received Hyaneb. The median age was 1 month (interquartile range [IQR] 1.5–2.0), and the median weight was 4.7 ± 1.3 kg. Patient history included premature birth in 10% of the sample population. The results were not significant for the length of stay in the PICU and the respiratory support score (p = 0.114 and p = 0.06, respectively). However, there was a significant difference (p = 0.047) in the use of adrenaline rescue between the groups. These data were no longer significant when adjusted for age, Wood Downes scale, and weight (p = 0.056).

Conclusions

Using nebulized Hyaneb seems safe in patients less than a month old and weighing less than 5 kg. A reduction in PICU stay or respiratory support length could not be confirmed.
Anesthetic Management of Cesarean Delivery for a Parturient With Dextro-Transposition of the Great Arteries Post-Senning Procedure: A Case Report
Authors: Hollifield Lauren C. , Maguire Margaret E. , Mandelbaum Tal , Lee Allison J.
Published: November 2024

The Senning procedure is a palliation technique for addressing dextro-transposition of the great arteries; deoxygenated blood is redirected to the left ventricle, making the right ventricle the systemic ventricle. The physiologic increase in cardiac output during pregnancy may place additional stress on the right ventricle and given the existence of atrial scar tissue, trigger arrythmias. Because the technique was gradually abandoned starting in the 1970s, few remaining patients of child-bearing age remain. We emphasize here the importance of interdisciplinary team planning for delivery. Preparation for possible arrhythmia and potential decompensation in right ventricular function are essential.
Perioperative Evaluation and Monitoring of Percutaneous Balloon Compression in Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia
Authors: Wang Qiao , Ni Yuncheng , Li Kuankuan , Chen Cheng , Huang Dong , Zhou Haocheng
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Multiple factors may influence the clinical outcomes of percutaneous balloon compression (PBC), including intraluminal balloon pressure, volume, and Meckel's cave volume. In this article, we aimed to investigate the clinical value of the perioperative assessment and monitoring of balloon compression in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia (TN).

METHODS:

Thirty-seven patients who underwent PBC were prospectively enrolled. The patient underwent preoperative high-resolution 3.0-T MRI for the 3-dimensional reconstruction of Meckel's cave, while intraoperative recordings of intraluminal pressure and balloon volume were conducted simultaneously. Primary outcomes included postoperative numbness and pain recurrence up to 24 months after discharge.

RESULTS:

Sensory deficiency was primarily reported within the first month, and approximately 38% of the patients presented with symptomatic numbness in the facial region. Subgroup analysis indicated no statistically significant difference in intraluminal balloon pressure between patients with facial numbness and asymptomatic individuals. This impairment in trigeminal sensation eventually recovered at the 24-month follow-up. By contrast, the long-term recurrence rate of TN was approximately 25% (5/20 patients) 2 years postoperatively. Furthermore, we found that the intraluminal balloon pressure was significantly lower among patients with recurrent pain (102.8 ± 11.0 vs 135.7 ± 5.1 kPa, P < .05). Although no significant differences in balloon or Meckel's cave volume were observed between subgroups, we found a positive and significant correlation between the volume of Meckel's cave and balloon.

CONCLUSION:

Facial numbness remains a common but short-term symptom of PBC for TN. This study indicates that a higher intraluminal balloon pressure may be associated with a lower risk of recurrent trigeminal pain. Preoperative reconstruction of Meckel cave may help to predict the volume of intraoperative balloon compression. We consider it feasible and necessary to conduct a perioperative assessment of balloon compression in the treatment of TN.
Da paródia quixotesca ao nonsense carrolliano
Authors: Valerio Sena Laura , Peres Alós Anselmo
Published: November 2024

Neste artigo, pretende-se analisar o romance O cavaleiro inexistente (1959), de Italo Calvino, como uma narrativa centrada em um protagonista que, pela sua inexistência, proporciona a discussão sobre o processo de autorreflexão – da existência humana e do trabalho de escrita literária – a partir de influências como a literatura nonsense, marcada pelos textos de Lewis Carroll, e a paródia satírica dos romances de cavalaria proposta por Miguel de Cervantes.
Bicho-Papão no armário
Authors: Xavier Anselmo Lucas
Published: November 2024

Este artigo, através da relação entre literatura, cinema e história, pretende demonstrar como o uso de uma saga literária e cinematográfica, como Harry Potter, com ênfase nas figuras dos dementadores e do vilão Lord Voldemort, torna possível a realização da discussão sobre como o medo influencia pessoas e eventos no percurso da história, demonstrando a necessidade de se olhar para essa emoção não só no seu aspecto psicológico, mas também no seu caráter histórico.
O sagrado na religiosidade popular negra
Authors: De Andrade Viegas Maria Ivanice
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho aborda a religiosidade negra no contexto do congado, a partir da Comunidade Quilombola dos Arturos, localizada no município de Contagem, em Minas Gerais. O principal objetivo é analisar como a religiosidade popular negra fundamenta modos de ser e pertencer, sacralizando os usos do tempo e do espaço, na formação de uma territorialidade étnica. O trabalho se fundamenta essencialmente na discussão das práticas da comunidade estudada durante o momento festivo inscrito no âmbito do congado, abordando o tempo-espaço do sagrado nessa manifestação cultural.
Ação Católica em Belo Horizonte
Authors: Lolli Vieira Lucas
Published: November 2024

Este artigo visa tratar do movimento católico em Belo Horizonte no início do século XX, mediante a chegada do seu primeiro bispo e, posterior, arcebispo, Dom Cabral. A partir da chegada do bispo, em 1922, o movimento católico, inspirado no Catolicismo Social e na práxis da Ação Católica inflamou-se com a criação de uma agenda de combate à laicidade nas escolas públicas, criação de Congressos e de grupos profissionais católicos. Neste sentido, destaca-se a criação de associações de dupla identidade: profissionais e devocionais. Percebe neste contexto o surgimento da mais importante e influente associação profissional médica católica da Capital: A Corporação dos Médicos Católicos. Esta Corporação de médicos esteve presente na assistência à saúde aos trabalhadores de Belo Horizonte.
Arte das Relações Internacionais
Authors: Riom Charlotte
Published: November 2024

Este texto oferece uma visão geral da dupla questão da criação artística como objeto e agente nas Relações Internacionais na era da globalização. Inicialmente, as autoras examinam os deslocamentos dos centros artísticos internacionais e os recentes realinhamentos, depois apresentam a dimensão simbólica da arte e seu papel na diplomacia cultural. Este tema permanece amplamente subestimado no campo das Relações Internacionais enquanto levanta muitos temas e desafios. Célia Belin é autora de Jésus est juif en Amérique, Droite évangélique et lobbies chrétiens pro-Israël (Fayard, 2011). Leah Pisar é autora de Orage sur l'Atlantique, La France et les Etats-Unis face à l'Irak (Fayard, 2010). São ambas pesquisadoras associadas no Centre Thucydide, Université Paris II.
Η έννοια, ο ρόλος και η αντίληψη της κοινωνικής τρωτότητας έναντι των φυσικών και ανθρωπογενών καταστροφών
Authors: Δράκος Ιωάννης
Published: November 2024

Η διατριβή εξετάζει τη διαχείριση κρίσεων ως ένα πολύπλοκο σύστημα, όπου συμμετέχουν πολλοί ενδιαφερόμενοι. Αυτοί οι ενδιαφερόμενοι συχνά ερμηνεύουν τα γεγονότα διαφορετικά ή έχουν συγκρουόμενα συμφέροντα, επηρεασμένα από προσωπικές ιδεοληψίες. Αυτό καθιστά τη συντονισμένη αντιμετώπιση κρίσεων ιδιαίτερα δύσκολη. Η κατάσταση επιδεινώνεται με την προσθήκη της κοινωνικής τρωτότητας, που προσθέτει μια ακόμη διάσταση στην ήδη περίπλοκη εξίσωση. Για να αντιμετωπιστούν αποτελεσματικά τέτοιες προκλήσεις, προτείνεται μια ολιστική προσέγγιση. Αυτή περιλαμβάνει τη συνεργασία διαφόρων επιστημονικών πεδίων και τη βιωματική εμπλοκή σε σενάρια κρίσεων, ώστε το σύστημα να ανατροφοδοτείται συνεχώς με νέες γνώσεις και να αυτορυθμίζεται. Στόχος είναι να παρέχονται καινοτόμες και προσιτές λύσεις, ιδίως για τις ευάλωτες ομάδες πολιτών. Η διατριβή εστιάζει στη θεωρητική βάση της διαχείρισης κρίσεων που προκύπτουν από φυσικούς και ανθρωπογενείς κινδύνους. Σκοπός της είναι να αποτυπώσει τη γνώση και την αντίληψη των πολιτών στην περιφέρεια της Αττικής σχετικά με φυσικές και τεχνολογικές καταστροφές. Εξετάζει επίσης την εμπιστοσύνη τους στο υπάρχον πλαίσιο διαχείρισης κινδύνων και καταγράφει το επίπεδο κοινωνικής τους τρωτότητας, με τελικό στόχο την αύξηση της ανθεκτικότητάς τους σε ενδεχόμενες κρίσεις.
On Some Issues of Formation of Accounting (Financial) Statements
Authors: Mislavskaya N.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the content of the new normative document regulating the composition of accounting (financial) statements, the content of its forms, the procedure for submission, the conditions for compliance with the criteria of its reliability. The author explains some issues, the understanding of which is associated with the process of reforming the national accounting system in accordance with the requirements of the International Financial Reporting Standards. The new standard is assessed as a timely, relevant and in-demand document that contributes to increasing the reliability of information presented in accounting (financial) statements.
Ranking of the Largest Groups and Companies in the Field of Outsourcing Accounting Functions: Results of 2023
Authors: Khanferyan V.
Published: November 2024

The results of the next, 15th list of the largest companies and groups in the field of outsourcing accounting functions, prepared by the rating agency RAEX by the end of 2023, demonstrate a steady increase in demand in this professional service sector
Medieval Friar Minor Church in Brzeg – from the second half of the 13th to the beginning of the 16th century
Authors: Lasota Czesław , Legendziewicz Andrzej
Published: November 2024

This paper presents the results of interdisciplinary research that was carried out in the Friars Minor church in Brzeg. At first, monastery and church architecture is discussed and reference sources are analysed. The authors’ considerations are based on architectural and archaeological research, on the analysis of technology, construction material and architectural detail as well as on iconographic studies the authors have carried out. They form the grounds for the presentation of the medieval church that consisted of a three-span chancel and a two-aisle four-span nave, which was built at the end of the 13th century. The church was subjected to transformations in two phases. During the first phase, in the 2nd half of the 14th century, an altar bay was added and the south aisle was enlarged. During the second phase, at the turn of the 15th and 16th centuries, the church was reconstructed after a fire. In the summary, the authors set the stylistic transformations of church architecture in the context of the trends that developed in Silesia in the Middles Ages.
House and the utility buildings of the Cathedral Chapter in Wrocław in the light of architectural and archaeological studies
Authors: Bogdała Marek , Chorowska Małgorzata , Czarniak Krzysztof , Waniek Witold
Published: November 2024

Detailed architectural studies of the 14th-century House of the Cathedral Chapter in Wrocław conducted in the course of the current renovation works of the Archdiocese Museum complex shed a new light on the architecture pf the building and the way it functioned in the Middle Ages. Parallel archaeological studies carried out in the basement of the building and in the courtyard revealed utility buildings, furnaces, a latrine shaft, and cobblestones from the medieval era and the subsequent period. The article presents the history of the construction of the buildings that comprise the chapter complex including the adjacent utility buildings divided into 3 medieval phases and 3 modern phases, as well as selected archaeological artefacts.
Comparison of Different Techniques: Ultrasonic, Laser, and Traditional Liposuction with a Discussion on New Directions and the Future of Liposuction Techniques
Authors: Nojek Paweł , Pawlik Wiktoria , Zimonczyk Mariusz , Zawół Monika , Błaszczyński Gustaw , Nowotarska Agnieszka
Published: November 2024

Liposuction is one of the most commonly performed procedures in aesthetic surgery, with an increasing variety of available methods that enhance both the effectiveness and safety of this treatment. The aim of this paper is to analyze and compare three primary techniques: ultrasonic, laser, and traditional liposuction, as well as to highlight potential directions for the development of this procedure. Based on available literature and research findings, both the effectiveness and potential risks associated with each of these methods will be assessed, allowing for the identification of optimal solutions tailored to the individual needs of patients.
Tirzepatide – a new hope for type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity management. A literature review.
Authors: Stawicka Izabela , Orzołek Izabela , Jarmołowicz Jakub , Boczar Agata , Dryja Patryk
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE. While obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are defined (according to WHO) as civilization diseases we are still searching for the ideal tool to fight them. Recently, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) approved tirzepatide subcutaneous injections as monotherapy or combination therapy, with diet and physical exercise, to achieve better glycemic blood levels in patients with diabetes and weight reduction among obese and overweighted patients. This review evaluates the efficacy and safety of using tirzepatide based on GIP/GLP-1 agonists clinical trials.
MATERAILS AND METHODS. Literature available in the PubMeb Database and Google Scholar Databases was reviewed using keywords.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS. Tirzepatide is a novel medicine which stands against type 2 diabetes and obesity pandemic. Combining two agonists of GIP and GLP-1 receptors helps decrease glycemic blood levels, HbA1c levels and reducing body weight in more efficient way than the GLP-1 receptor agonists. All these effects have also resulted in minimizing cardiovascular risk which is observed as an improvement in heart failure, hyperlipidemia and hypertension. Beyond that, the recent data present possible positive long-term effect of tirzepatide in such diseases as MAFLD (metabolic associated fatty liver disease) and OSA (obstructive sleep apnea). However, triagonists, achieving a concurrent activation of GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors, normalize body weight in a manner superior to that of monoagonists and dual agonists. Therefore, the triple agonism or other than GIP/GLP-1 combinations could soon represent a new standard for pharmaceutical interventions.
KEYWORDS: tirzepatide; obesity; type 2 diabetes; weight reduction; GIP; GLP-1.
Immediate dental implants: when and how?
Authors: Turani Duaa , Hemmings Kenneth , Searson Lloyd
Published: November 2024

There are a number of protocols that the clinician has to consider when providing implant treatment. Immediate implant placement has its place in implant dentistry and should be considered following a strict case selection. This article discusses the factors that should be taken into account when planning and providing immediate implant placements, with an emphasis on achieving a good outcome. The evidence base is discussed with a description of the surgical stages involved and subsequent restoration. Cases to illustrate this technique and its limitations are presented.

CPD/Clinical Relevance:

Principles for single tooth implant replacement in the anterior maxilla, where aesthetic expectations are high are relevant to clinicians.
CPD: AMD VRICS
Authors: Harvey Bill
Published: November 2024

Bill Harvey presents a VRICS exercise based around the first two parts in the recent CPD series about age-related macular degeneration (C104641, suitable for logging as one provider-led distance learning CPD point for optometrists and dispensing opticians)
Menopause matters
Authors: McClean Andrew
Published: November 2024

Louise Furby tells Andrew McClean about how support is being provided to women at Specsavers
State if independence
Authors: Patchett Lucy
Published: November 2024

Lucy Patchett talked rounds up so of the eye-catching independent eyewear on show at Opti Munich
Boxing clever
Authors: Hale Mike
Published: November 2024

Opti was held January 13-15 at the Trade Fair Center Messe in Munich and once again there was an Opti Boxes area set aside for innovative new eyewear labels. Mike Hale reports on the new companies making a splash
ABDO publishes 2023 plans
Authors: McClean Andrew
Published: November 2024

Andrew McClean finds out how ABDO plans to support its members this year
Dealing with dishonesty
Authors: Bithrey Anna
Published: November 2024

Anna Bithrey looks into the legal ramifications of the one on 10 people who lie on their CV
Why music matters
Authors: Somani Nurbanu
Published: November 2024

Nurbanu Somani presents a guide to the impact of background music within optical practices
Saving tax on renovations
Authors: Bernstein Adam
Published: November 2024

Adam Bernstein identifies tax-friendly routes to upgrading your practice
Sustainability in practice
Authors: Armstrong Samantha
Published: November 2024

Samantha Armstrong offers an overview of the role we can all play in everyday practice to develop strategies of sustainability. An interactive CPD exercise follows on page 33x§
Future vision
Authors: White Emma
Published: November 2024

Emma White speaks to Jubilee Vision Award 2022 winner, Esha Dutta, about her passion for optometry and how she believes the profession should grow and improve
Sustainable superheroes
Authors: White Emma
Published: November 2024

Blackpool-based Woodhouse Opticians scooped the Sustainable Practice Award at the Optician Awards 2022. Emma White reports
Lenses for life
Authors: Hale Mike
Published: November 2024

Mike Hale delivers a first report on a lively lens sector at 100% Optical
Myopia survey aims to change perceptions
Authors: McClean Andrew
Published: November 2024

Andrew McClean explores the findings of a survey into parent attitudes about myopia
Sum of the zero-hours game
Authors: Chander Tina
Published: November 2024

Tina Chander explains what you need to know about zero-hours contracts
Data protection in practice
Authors: Bernstein Adam
Published: November 2024

Adam Bernstein investigates how data protection legislation affects optical practices
CPD: Progress with progression
Authors: Harvey Bill
Published: November 2024

Bill Harvey summarises some of the key points presented at the recent CooperVision Virtual Perspective online conference regarding the correction of younger patients with progressive myopia (C105055, suitable for logging as one distance learning CPD point for optometrists, contact lens opticians and dispensing opticians)
Head out on the road again
Authors: Harvey Bill
Published: November 2024

In the second of his reviews of the new Heine Omega 600 headset binocular indirect ophthalmoscope, Bill Harvey describes three cases where it proved successful in a domiciliary setting, sometimes for novel reasons
100% Inspiration
Authors: Harvey Bill
Published: November 2024

Bill Harvey looks at some of the developments in technology and instrumentation on display at this year's 100% Optical event in London
Business insights shared at Optix
Authors: McClean Andrew
Published: November 2024

Andrew McClean reports on what the entrepreneurial speakers shared with conference-goers
Core questions about sustainability
Authors: Ng Alison , Jones Lyndon
Published: November 2024

Alison Ng and Lyndon Jones explore the questions patients are asking about sustainability and contact lenses
CPD: BCLA CLEAR 7
Authors: Sethi Wendy
Published: November 2024

The seventh in a series of articles summarising the key findings of the BCLA CLEAR publication, a major review of the published evidence relating to all aspects of contact lens practice, Wendy Sethi offers an overview of the BCLA CLEAR section relating to contact lens properties and their interaction with the eye. (C105050, suitable for logging as one distance learning CPD point for optometrists, contact lens opticians and dispensing opticians)
On trend with contact lenses
Authors: Harvey Bill
Published: November 2024

In the second of his reports from the recent CooperVision-supported online Virtual Perspectives conference, Bill Harvey focuses on presentations concerning general contact lens practice
CPD: Effect of Covid-19 on eye health
Authors: Clarkson Douglas
Published: November 2024

Dr Douglas Clarkson offers an update on the short and long-term impact of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on ocular health and eye care services (C105289, suitable for logging as one provider-led distance learning CPD point for optometrists and dispensing opticians)
GOC scores well in regulator review
Authors: Jones Simon
Published: November 2024

Annual PSA review of the General Optical Council's performance in 2021/2022 sees the optical regulator meet all 18 standards. Simon Jones reports
The robots are coming…
Authors: Morris Paul
Published: November 2024

Paul Morris urges eye care professionals to do something about the patients who slip through the gaps
Time to meet again
Authors: Stevens-Burt Luke
Published: November 2024

Luke Stevens-Burt picks out the highlights at the upcoming British Contact Lens Association’s (BCLA) Clinical Conference and Exhibition
CPD: Alcon talks
Authors: Recchioni Alberto , Mistry Sunayna Verma
Published: November 2024

In the first of a two-part review of the latest quarterly online education event, supported by Alcon, which looked at the latest science regarding contact lens wear and comfort, Dr Alberto Recchioni and Dr Sunayna Verma Mistry focused on how best to manage contact lens discomfort. (C105744, suitable for one distance learning CPD point for optometrists, contact lens opticians and dispensing opticians)
Kariyer Engelleri ile Örgütsel Sessizlik Arasındaki İlişkide Duygusal Tükenmişliğin Aracı Rolü
Authors: Ordu Aydan , Yörük Şirin
Published: November 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı öğretmen görüşleri doğrultusunda kariyer engelleri ile örgütsel sessizlik arasındaki ilişkide duygusal tükenmişliğin aracı rolünü ortaya koymaktır. Bu kapsamda kariyer engellerinin işe bağlı duygusal tükenmişliği ve örgütsel sessizliği, işe bağlı duygusal tükenmişliğin örgütsel sessizliği yordama durumları incelenmiştir. Ardından da kariyer engelleri ile örgütsel sessizlik arasındaki ilişkide duygusal tükenmişliğin aracı rolü ele alınmıştır. Ölçme aracı olarak İnandı ve Gılıç (2021) tarafından geliştirilen Kariyer Engelleri Ölçeği; Van Dyne ve diğerleri (2003) tarafından geliştirilen ve Kahya (2013) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan Örgütsel Sessizlik Ölçeği; Wharton (1993) tarafından geliştirilen ve Günay (2021) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan İşe Bağlı Duygusal Tükenmişlik Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma ilişkisel, kesitsel bir nicel araştırma olarak tasarlanmış ve Uşak ilinde görev yapan 307 öğretmen ile yürütülmüştür. Sürekli değişkenler arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi Pearson korelasyon analizi ile yapılmıştır. Ayrıca Proses Macro ile aracılık analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Aracılık etkisinin anlamlılığını test etmek için Sobel Testi uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda üç değişkenin de birbirleri ile anlamlı olarak ilişkili olduğu; kariyer engelleri ile örgütsel sessizlik arasındaki ilişkide işe bağlı duygusal tükenmişliğin kısmi olarak aracılık ettiği bulunmuştur.
Mechanical Properties of PVA/Alginate Membranes Fabricated using Electrospinning as A Wound Dressing
Authors: Puspita Sari Putri Endah , Umiati Ngurah Ayu Ketut , Subagio A
Published: November 2024

Alginate is an interesting natural biopolymer due to its many benefits and good biological properties. Observing the mechanical properties of PVA/Alginate fibers made by electrospinning machines can help predict their behavior and measure their performance under various conditions including applied external forces. Therefore, this study investigated the elastic properties of PVA/Alginate membranes, specifically tensile strength and elongation. The fabrication material used is PVA / Alginate solution with a PVA solution concentration of 20% and alginate solution 2.5%. The electrospinning process is carried out by optimizing at a voltage of 25 kV, the distance between the spinneret end and the collector is 15 cm, the flow rate is 130, and the spinneret diameter variations are 0.4 mm, 0.6 mm, and 0.8 mm. To determine the morphology of the fiber surface, observations were made using ocular microscopes and SEM. From this observation, it is known that the morphology formed using a 0.4 mm spinneret has the tightest structure among the three sizes of spinneret diameter. To determine the effect of spinneret diameter on the value of tensile strength and elongation, tensile strength tests are carried out. The tensile strength and elongation values of the membrane obtained with variations in spinneret diameters of 0.4 mm, 0.6 mm, and 0.8 mm are 1.96 MPa, 3.77 MPa and 6.11 MPa respectively and the elongation values are 17%, 52.7%, and 97%.  With medical material standards, it has a tensile strength value between 1 MPa – 24 MPa and an elongation value between 17% – 207%, so that PVA / Alginate fiber membranes have the potential to be applied as wound dressings.
Genotipsko-fenotipska korelacija rijetke mikrodelecije 17q24.1-q24.3
Authors: Bobinec Adriana , Ivankov Ana-Maria , Kero Mijana , Sansović Ivona , Barišić Ingeborg
Published: November 2024

Iako kromosom 17 pokazuje vrlo veliku genetičku nestabilnost, intersticijske delecije unutar regije 17q24 vrlo su rijetke. Bolesnici sovom promjenom pokazuju heterogen fenotip: mikrocefaliju, tipične dismorfi čne crte, srčane grješke, intelektualno zaostajanje, Andersen-Tawilov sindrom i Carneyev kompleks. Prikazujemo 10-mjesečnu bolesnicu s mikrocefalijom, specifi čnom dismorfi jom tezaostajanjem u tjelesnom i psihomotornom razvoju, kod koje je utvrđena rijetka mikrodelecija regije 17q24.1-q24.3 veličine 5.4 Mb.Ova delecija zahvaća ukupno 30 gena koji kodiraju proteine. Smatramo da su za fenotip bolesnice vjerojatno odgovorni geniPRKCA, PSMD12, KPNA2, PRKAR1A i KCNJ2. Promjene u genu PRKCA pronađene su u osoba s poremećenom kognitivnom funk cijom,dok se haploinsufi cijencija PSMD12 povezuje s neurorazvojnim poremećajima i dismorfi jom. Delecije gena KPNA2, uklju čenog u signalni put sindroma lomljivosti Nijmegen, uzrokuju mikrocefaliju, nizak rast i sindaktiliju. Gen PRKAR1A se povezuje s nastankomCarneyevog kompleksa, a haploinsufi cijencija gena KCNJ2 uzrokuje mišićnu slabost i aritmije. Neki od ovih simptoma nisu zapaženikod bolesnice, ali bi se, kao i niz drugih komorbiditeta, s vremenom mogli razviti, zbog čega je nužno njeno kontinuirano praćenje.
child
Authors: Raguž Ana Boban , Đaković Ivana , Bošnjak Vlatka Mejaški
Published: November 2024

Dječja cerebralna X-vezana adrenoleukodistrofi ja brzoprogresivna je bolest, uzrokovana ekstenzivnom upalnom demijelinizacijomsredišnjeg živčanog sustava. U radu je prikazan sedmogodišnji dječak s brzoprogresivnim cerebralnim oblikom X-vezane adrenoleukodistrofi je, koju karakterizira demijelinizacija mozga, adrenalna insufi cijencijencija, epilepsija, kognitivni i psihički poremećaji tesljepoća. Bolesnikov ujak boluje od adrenomijelodistrofi je, a majka i više ženskih članica njene obitelji su nositeljice gena za X-vezanuadrenoleukodistofi ju. Dječak je rođen iz treće uredne trudnoće i porođaja, a rani psihomotorni razvoj je protekao uredno. U dobi od6,5 godina, nakon vodenih kozica s težim kliničkim tijekom, zamijećena su psihomotorna odstupanja: slabija koncentracija, usporenost i poremećaj fi ne motorike. Sa svakim sljedećim febrilnim stanjem dolazilo je do progresije neuroloških poremećaja. Magnetskarezonanca mozga s kontrastom pokazala je promjene bijele tvari okcipitalno s karakterističnom rubnom imbibicijom. Analizomdugolančanih masnih kiselina potvrđeno je pojačano nakupljanje heksakosanoične (C26) i tetrakosanoične (C24) kiseline, kao ipovećani omjeri C24/C22 i C26/C22. Genska analiza je potvrdila da je bolesnik hemizigotni nositelj poznate mutacije p.Gly512Ser uegzonu 6, gena ABCD1. U članku je naveden primjer bolesti gdje je klinička manifestacija inducirana vodenim kozicama težegkliničkog tijeka, a sa svakim sljedećim febrilnim stanjem dolazilo je do progresije neuroloških poremećaja. Kod dječaka je bolestiznenađujuće brzo progredirala uz smrtni ishod 10 mjeseci nakon prvih simptoma.
Dyskinetic cerebral palsy in term asphyxiated neonates – clinical features and brain magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Imaging Magnetic resonance , Đaković Ivana , Marjanović Josip , Grmoja Tonći
Published: November 2024

Dyskinetic cerebral palsy is rare, occurring in about 14 per 100 000 live births and accounting for about 7% of all cerebral palsy cases, but represents one of the most disabling forms of cerebral palsy. Increasing use of magnetic resonance imaging off ers an opportunity to visualize brain lesions in cerebral palsy, which are in dyskinetic cerebral palsy typically caused by hypoxic lesions of the thalami, basal ganglia and parasagittal region and hippocampus in term asphyxiated neonates. Moreover, degrees of magnetic resonance imaging lesion patterns can be defi ned, which correlate with the severity of motor impairment and accompanying neurodevelopmental disorders. The aim of this study was to describe the profi le of motor disability and accompanying impairments in children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy in four term asphyxiated infants as well as their magnetic resonance imaging lesion patterns. All four term children had severe perinatal asphyxia according to data at birth, followed by moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in three of them. Subsequent magnetic resonance imaging showed hypoxic lesions of the thalami, basal ganglia and central regions or hippocampus, classifi ed as mild (Patients 2 and 4) or severe (Patients 1 and 3). Neurodevelopmental outcome was poor in three of the four children. Three of them had severe dyskinetic cerebral palsy of choreoathetoid subtype, whereas the fourth patient had less severe dyskinetic cerebral palsy. Accompanying impairments were in all four patients related to severe speech disturbance, epilepsy in Patients 1 and 4, while cognitive development was normal or mildly aff ected. The severity of dyskinetic cerebral palsy and accompanying disorders correlated with the severity of hypoxic lesions in the strategic domain, i.e. thalamus, n. lenticularis, central regions and hippocampus.
Ultrasonographic screening for developmental displacement of the hip at department of pediatrics, Virovitica General hospital
Authors: Koši-Šantić K. , Vrdoljak O. , Vrdoljak J. , Hrgović Z.
Published: November 2024

Developmental displacement of the hip (DDH) is the most common congenital anomaly of the human musculoskeletal system. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of DDH at Maternity Ward, Virovitica General Hospital, as well as the relationship between DDH, gender and the affected side. We examined 2034 (81.0%) children (4068 hips) up to 12 weeks of age. The ultrasonographic study was carried out according to Graf method. DDH was found in 140 (6.9%) children, 102 (72.9%) female and 38 (27.1%) male. There was no significant difference according to the side involved. The high incidence of pathologic findings justifies the implementation of ultrasonographic screening for DDH in Croatia as a method of preventing degenerative changes of the hip.
Importance of early recognition of risk factors for preventing reading difficulties
Authors: Lenček M. , Kolundžić Z. , Arapović D.
Published: November 2024

In Croatia, there is not much research on the links between premature birth and reading and writing skills of preterm children. Preterm birth is known to represent a factor of developmental neurorisk, but its consequences for language development, reading and writing are still unknown. Preterm children often achieve lower results in the tasks of complex activities and skills such as reading and writing, although their development in simple processes is undisturbed. Because of this discrepancy, many weaknesses remain undisclosed. The aim of this study was to determine whether the values of perinatal measures (gestational age, birth weight, Apgar 1 and 2 values) are valid predictors of reading skills, and if lower scores, as found in preterm children, are linked with reading difficulties. The study included 34 preterm children and 34 control term children. Study results showed that reading outcomes could be predicted in ten- and eleven-year-old children based on their measured perinatal factors. Also, there was a tendency to a higher incidence of reading difficulties in preterm children as compared to control group. The intention of this report is to raise awareness of the necessity of systematic tracking and speech and language pathologist assessment of preterm children, especially when it comes to language and prereading skills. Preventive activities should also include intervention programs in these fields in order to prevent learning difficulties.
Epidemiology and treatment of severe burns in the intensive care unit of Zagreb Children’s hospital from 2003 to 2008
Authors: Škarić I. , Barčot Z. , Jakobović J. , Kondža K. , Mikecin L. , Vrtar Z.
Published: November 2024

Zagreb Children’s Hospital is the institution in which most children with burns are treated in Croatia. Analysis over a six-year period revealed that on average one child with a severe burn is treated per month in the intensive care unit (ICU). Here we present the distribution of patients according to age, sex, cause of burn, surface area and regions of the body affected, as well as some indicators of how demanding intensive care and surgical treatment of these patients is. Within the timeframe analysed, over 60% of children were in the age group up to 5 years old and were most frequently scalded by boiling water in their family home in the presence of adults, but lacking their supervision. In the group over 10 years of age, boys were more frequently burned than girls and it would occur while playing outdoors. Burns were equally distributed among all regions of the body in severely burned patients. Over 60% of children had burns covering 10%-30% of their body surface. There were 4 children (5.6%) with burns covering over 70% of their body surface. The average length of stay in the ICU was 0.61 days per percent of affected body surface, while the overall average length of stay in the hospital was 2.05 days per percent of affected body surface. The purpose of this study is to warn about the relatively high number of children receiving severe burns in the earliest period of life and in the family home, and to discuss the complexities and demands of treating these patients in the ICU and on the ward.
Complications and supportive procedures in transplantation of haemopoietic stem cells
Authors: Jakovljević G. , Stepan J. , Bonevski A. , Rimac M. , Nakić M.
Published: November 2024

Myeloablative chemotherapy supported by haemopoietic stem cell transplantation remains the standard policy in the treatment of certain haematological malignancies and solid tumors in children. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) related complications can be classified into early and late effects. Early complications are: mucositis, acute graft versus host disease (GVHD), hemorrhagic cystitis, veno-occlusive disease, transplantation-related lung injury and transplantation related infections. Late complications are chronic GVHD, ocular, endocrine, pulmonary, musculoskeletal, neurocognitive, neuropsychological and immune effects. Infectious complications remain one of the most serious diagnostic and therapeutic problems and are the major cause of morbidity and mortality following stem cell transplantation. Proper preventive strategies for neutropenic patients following myeloablative chemotherapy including prophylaxis and prompt therapy of bacterial, fungal and viral infections correlate with favourable prognosis and survival. Life-threatening complications of circulatory, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, hepatic, and renal function are common and frequently require intensive supportive care. The challenge of improving the results of stem cell transplantation depends, to a large part, on successful preventive measures and good management of complications. Although HSCT is connected with many problems, it represents an important advance in curative treatment for a variety of serious pediatric illnesses. As it is indicated for treatment of an increasing number of diseases, more patients will require intensive supportive therapy.
The meaning of supportive therapy for the growth and development of children treated for malignant tumor
Authors: Hajnžić T. F.
Published: November 2024

Over the past few decades, the survival rate from childhood cancers has significantly increased due to constant modifications and improvements in treatment protocols. It is estimated that childhood cancer occurs in 1 per 600 children, and that 1 per 450 adolescents or young adults is a long-term cancer survivor. In this report the most important undesirable side effects are presented which may appear in childhood and adults who have been treated with aggressive oncological therapy. The use of irradiation and chemotherapy in childhood causes irreversible damage in the child. The most important side effects are given in an overview, in the use of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which are related to the growth and development of patients with malignant tumours. We give our own experience in the monitoring of the immune, endocrinological and neuropsychological systems and the generative ability of children treated for malignant diseases. Significant changes in the rise in body mass, linear growth in height and the immune system have been registered in patients with malignant diseases in the first few months from the beginning of therapy. After therapy, in some patients a disturbance occurs in the function of the hypothalamic-hypophysic system, the thyroid gland and generative ability. Suitable supportive therapy during treatment and exact substitution compensatory treatment in manifest disturbances makes further satisfactory growth and development possible for children treated for malignant brain tumours.