bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of The Application of Construction Waste Management Strategies in The City of Baghdad
Authors: Alhashemy Abdullah A. , Hameed Ali H. , Rashid Hatim A.
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the effectiveness of construction waste management strategies employed by the Baghdad Municipality Department, with a focus on the spatial distribution of waste treatment facilities. Employing ArcMap 10.8, a geospatial analysis was conducted to evaluate the distribution and accessibility of these facilities within the city. Data on waste treatment site locations were gathered through interviews and Google Earth, and subsequently analyzed using network analysis in ArcMap. The findings reveal a significant deficiency in Baghdad's construction waste management system, predominantly relying on recycling and disposal, while neglecting other crucial strategies like reduction, treatment, and recovery. This insufficiency is further exacerbated by the limited number and uneven distribution of treatment plants, leading to indiscriminate waste accumulation and economic losses. The study suggests the urgent need for comprehensive government regulations on waste management, including waste sorting, transportation, and penalties for non-compliance. Additionally, it recommends expanding and evenly distributing waste treatment facilities across Baghdad to optimize waste management efficiency. This study not only highlights the critical gaps in Baghdad's waste management system but also offers a methodological framework for other cities facing similar challenges, emphasizing the role of geospatial analysis in enhancing urban waste management strategies.
Highlights :

The study identifies major deficiencies in Baghdad's construction waste management, primarily in recycling and disposal practices.
Geospatial analysis using ArcMap 10.8 reveals the need for more evenly distributed waste treatment facilities in the city.
Recommendations include implementing stringent government regulations and expanding the city's waste management infrastructure.

Keywords : Baghdad, Construction Waste Management, Geospatial Analysis, ArcMap, Waste Treatment Facilities
Directors’ Compensation, Corporate Attributes, and Firm Performance of Selected Listed Firms in Nigeria
Authors: Ekokotu Ekokotu , Sinebe Sinebe , Eyenubo Eyenubo
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the impact of Directors' Compensation and Corporate Attributes on firms' performance using data from sixty-seven listed firms on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) spanning from 2012 to 2021. Through regression analysis, the research reveals a negative relationship between Director Compensation and firm performance, measured by returns on assets (ROA). Additionally, firm size exhibits a negative association with performance, while firm value positively influences success. Leverage, on the other hand, is found to negatively correlate with firm performance. The study suggests strategic management overhauls in Nigerian firms, emphasizing optimized financial structures, balanced leverage, and prudent debt management to mitigate financial risks and enhance overall performance. Furthermore, aligning Director's compensation with performance metrics is recommended to foster accountability, efficient resource management, and alignment of individual interests with overall corporate objectives. 
Highlights:

Negative ROA Correlation: Directors' Compensation shows a negative relationship with firm performance measured by ROA.

Strategic Overhauling Recommendation: Suggests optimizing financial structures and prudent debt management in Nigerian firms.

Compensation-Performance Alignment: Advocates aligning Director's compensation with metrics for accountability and efficient resource management.

Keywords: Directors' Compensation, Return on Asset, Corporate Attributes, Performance, Firms Size
Application of Data Mining Using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) Method to Analyze Fashion Retail Products to Determine Trends
Authors: Setiawan Hamzah
Published: August 2024

This study addresses the escalating volume of research by proposing an efficient research storage system through data mining-based categorization. Employing the Support Vector Machine (SVM) method on a dataset comprising 541,910 retail product purchases, the research achieves a significant 96.2% accuracy in categorization using the cross-entropy loss function. The SVM method proves instrumental in systematically organizing research based on fields, methods, and outcomes, showcasing its efficacy in large-scale research storage and organization. This study highlights the SVM's potential as a vital tool for governments and private organizations to enhance access and utilization of research information. The results underscore the positive impact of SVM in overcoming the complexity of research storage on a broader scale, contributing to the advancement of efficient research management systems.
Highlights:

Efficient SVM Data Management: Proposes SVM-based data mining for effective research information storage.

96.2% Accuracy in Categorization: SVM with cross entropy achieves high accuracy in classifying research data.

Organized Access for Better Utilization: SVM organizes research systematically, enhancing accessibility and utilization for government and private sectors.

Keywords: Support Vector Machine, Data Mining, Dataset, Retail.
Green Campus Initiative Assessing Waste Management at a Technical Polytechnic
Authors: Bismoko Adityo Haryo , Mulyani Rini , Rita Eva , Carlo Nasfryzal , Utama Lusi
Published: August 2024

Background: Effective waste management is pivotal for establishing eco-friendly educational environments, guided by global sustainability standards. However, many institutions face challenges in aligning their practices with these environmental benchmarks. Knowledge Gap: Research often highlights the necessity of holistic waste strategies but lacks specific assessments of waste management within the context of Green Campus initiatives, especially in vocational education settings. Aims: This study aims to evaluate current waste management practices at a technical polytechnic, assessing their effectiveness and compliance with established green standards. Results: The evaluation reveals that the institution's waste management initiatives are significantly lacking, with a total score of only 75 out of a possible 1800 points. The polytechnic performs poorly in recycling and processing various waste types, although there is modest progress in reducing paper and plastic use. Novelty: This research introduces a novel application of global sustainability standards to assess waste management practices at a vocational higher education institution, highlighting specific areas of inefficiency and their broader implications. Implications: The findings emphasize the critical need for comprehensive recycling programs, improved waste segregation, and increased community involvement in sustainability efforts. These improvements are crucial for both environmental benefits and enhancing the institution's standing in global educational rankings that prioritize sustainability. 
Highlights:

Enhance Recycling: Implement robust recycling programs to meet global sustainability standards.
Improve Segregation: Develop better waste segregation and processing practices.
Boost Community Involvement: Engage the campus community actively in sustainability efforts.

Keywords: Waste Management, Green Campus, Recycling, Environmental Education, UI GreenMetric
Revolutionizing Tax Compliance Through Attitudes and Knowledge Worldwide
Authors: Wardani Shintya , Hermawan Sigit
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the factors influencing individual taxpayer compliance at the South Sidoarjo Pratama Tax Office in Indonesia. Utilizing data from 75 respondents collected through questionnaires, the research examines the impact of attitudes, subjective norms, behavioral controls, and tax knowledge on compliance. Results indicate that attitudes and tax knowledge significantly influence compliance, while subjective norms and behavioral controls show no significant effect. These findings underscore the importance of fostering positive attitudes and enhancing tax knowledge to improve compliance among individual taxpayers. However, strategies targeting subjective norms and behavioral controls may require further exploration. Policymakers can utilize these insights to tailor interventions aimed at enhancing tax compliance, particularly in local tax offices like the South Sidoarjo Pratama Tax Office.
 
Highlight: 
Attitudes Drive Compliance: Positive perceptions significantly influence individual taxpayer compliance.
Knowledge Enhances Compliance: Understanding tax regulations fosters better compliance.
Policy Tailoring for Compliance: Insights aid policymakers in designing effective compliance strategies.
 
 
Keyword:  Tax compliance, Attitudes, Subjective norms, Behavioral controls, Tax knowledge
Revolutionizing Fast Food Marketing Strategy using Kotler's Approach
Authors: Setyowati Neni Dwi Riris , Kusuma Kumara Adji
Published: August 2024

This study investigates marketing strategies and service quality's impact on consumer decisions to purchase fast food at M2M, employing Kotler's marketing mix strategy. Using a qualitative approach, the research explores elements of the marketing mix—product, pricing, promotion, and distribution—influencing marketing success. Interviews with M2M managers and on-site observations provide insights. Findings highlight segmentation, targeting, and positioning processes, emphasizing mass marketing via social media. Key aspects include market penetration through affordable pricing and forward integration by collaborating with street food vendors. Implications suggest enhancing product innovation and understanding competitors' offerings. This research contributes to understanding effective marketing strategies in the fast-food industry, informing future business practices.
 
Highlight: 
Impact of marketing mix on consumer behavior.
Influence of service quality on purchase decisions.
Application of Kotler's strategy in fast food industry.
 
 
Keyword:  Marketing strategy, Service quality, Consumer decisions, Fast food industry, Kotler's marketing mix.
Preeclampsia Management: Advancements, Guidelines, and Emerging Perspectives
Authors: Aboshnin Zainab Abdlkadhim , Razzaq Safa Azhar , Hashem Layla Hammody
Published: August 2024

Chronic elevation in blood pressure during gestation poses a significant risk for maternal mortality, particularly in the United States. Understanding the pathophysiology of preeclampsia, a specific form of gestational hypertension, has led to developments in management strategies aimed at improving outcomes for both mothers and babies. This abstract outlines the underlying mechanisms, international guideline-based management approaches, and newer perspectives in addressing hypertension during pregnancy. The goal is to balance risks and benefits effectively, enhancing the care of pregnant women with hypertension.
Highlights:

Understanding the pathophysiology of preeclampsia is crucial for effective management.
International guidelines provide a framework for optimizing care for pregnant women with hypertension.
Emerging perspectives offer insights into potential advancements in treatment strategies.

Keywords: Hypertension, Preeclampsia, Eclampsia, Antihypertensive Drugs
Ephedrine Infusion Prevents Hypotension and Reduces Nausea in Cesarean Section Under Spinal Anesthesia
Authors: Younis Maha Sabri , Salman Sumaya Alwan , Khamees Eahab Nabeel
Published: August 2024

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ephedrine infusion in preventing hypotension and minimizing nausea in healthy pregnant women undergoing elective cesarean sections with spinal anesthesia. Forty-four participants were included, with 20 receiving ephedrine infusion and 24 serving as controls receiving bolus injections. Results revealed a significant reduction in the incidence of hypotension (p > 0.1) and nausea (p < 0.001) in the infusion group compared to the controls. No instances of reactive hypertension were observed in the infusion group. Other variables including Apgar scores, fetal blood gas tensions, and onset of respiration remained comparable between the groups. These findings suggest that ephedrine infusion is not only safe but also preferable in mitigating adverse events during cesarean sections under spinal anesthesia in normal pregnancies.
Highlights:

Ephedrine infusion effectively prevents hypotension during cesarean sections under spinal anesthesia.
Administration of ephedrine infusion significantly reduces the incidence of nausea compared to bolus injections.
No instances of reactive hypertension were observed in patients receiving ephedrine infusion, highlighting its safety profile in this context.

Keywords: Ephedrine Infusion, Cesarean Section, Spinal Anesthesia, Hypotension Prevention, Nausea Reduction
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of Nursing Students about Insulin Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Abdul-Ra’aoof Husham Hussain , Tiryag Ali Malik , Atiyah Maher Abdulameer
Published: August 2024

This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nursing students regarding insulin therapy. Conducted at the College of Nursing - University of Basrah, the research utilized a questionnaire to gather data from 200 participants over a six-month period. Results indicate a good overall level of knowledge about insulin therapy, a fair attitude towards it, and a medium level of suggested practice. Interestingly, while there was a significant correlation between participants' knowledge and gender, no discernible relationships were found between knowledge and other demographic variables, nor between attitudes and any demographic factors. This suggests the need for targeted educational interventions to improve attitudes and practices towards insulin therapy among nursing students.
Highlights:

Varied knowledge levels among nursing students.
Positive attitudes towards insulin therapy.
Need for tailored educational interventions.

Keywords: Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Nursing Students, Insulin Therapy
Advancing Critical Force Determination in Reinforced Concrete Columns: A Practical Approach
Authors: Abduganiyevna Kulmirzayeva Gulrabo , Kosimovich Kosimov Turaboy
Published: August 2024

This study aims to present practical solutions for determining the critical forces of eccentrically compressed reinforced concrete columns with flat buckling form, employing conventional reinforcement while considering variable joint stiffness along the rod's length. The methods involved rigorous structural analysis and experimental validation to ascertain the accuracy of the proposed approach. Results demonstrated significant advancements in accurately predicting critical forces, enhancing structural integrity, and optimizing material utilization. The implications of these findings extend to improving the safety and efficiency of reinforced concrete structures, offering valuable insights for global engineering and construction professionals.
Highlights:

Practical solutions for critical forces in reinforced concrete columns.
Utilization of conventional reinforcement for cost-effectiveness.
Consideration of variable joint stiffness for accurate predictions.

Keywords: Critical Force, Eccentric Compression, Loss of Stability
Effective Sedation Strategies for Pediatric MRI: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Abdulrahman Ahmed Nooruldeen , Mahmood Wisam Adnan , Abdulrahman Zinah Noorulden
Published: August 2024

This study presents a structured sedation program for pediatric patients undergoing MRI, aiming to optimize safety and resource utilization. A total of 1857 children were included, with 48 admitted to the RCU, leaving 1809 for analysis. Children under 5 received oral sedation, while those 6 and older were assessed by referring physicians for sedation eligibility. The protocol involved chloral hydrate and paraldehyde, with a backup plan for intravenous sedation or general anesthesia overseen by an anesthetist consultant. Among 1039 scans, 597 were unsedated, and 442 were sedated successfully. Oral sedation failed in 50 cases (6.9%), predominantly in younger children (87% under 5 years). Notably, 2 out of 5 subjects using chloral hydrate experienced respiratory issues. This systematic approach led to efficient resource use and safe outcomes, highlighting the importance of tailored sedation protocols in pediatric imaging.
Highlights:

Reduced oral sedation failure rate to 6.9% in pediatric MRI.
Anesthetist consultation enhances safety in MRI sedation procedures.
Structured program optimizes resources and ensures safe outcomes in pediatrics.

Keywords: Pediatric MRI, Sedation Program, Anesthetist Consultation, Oral Sedation, Resource Utilization
Bridging the Gap: Enhancing Open Fracture Care in Emergency Nursing
Authors: Al-Iedan Ali A. Ahmed , Akber Mohamad A. , Dawood Sundus Baqer , Alobaidi Ahmed Ibrahim Habib , Issa Sajjad S. , Raaoof Husham Hussain Abdul , Khalaf Ahmed Ziarra , Tiryag Ali Malik
Published: August 2024

This study assesses the knowledge and practices of emergency department nurses regarding the care of open fractures, highlighting significant disparities in competence. Conducted across five hospitals, the descriptive, cross-sectional survey included 103 nurses, analyzed using SPSS with results expressed through frequencies, percentages, and Chi-squared tests. Findings reveal that 42.7% of nurses, predominantly females, lack adequate knowledge and care skills, whereas 57.3%, mostly males, are proficient. The study suggests an urgent need for focused training programs to standardize and elevate emergency care for open fractures, aiming to improve patient outcomes through enhanced nursing education.
Highlights:

Discrepancy in Knowledge: Significant variations in the knowledge and care practices for open fractures among emergency nurses, with nearly 43% lacking sufficient skills.
Gender Differences: A notable gender-based disparity in knowledge, with a higher proficiency observed among male nurses compared to female nurses.
Need for Training: The urgent requirement for specialized training programs to address gaps and improve overall patient care in emergency situations.

Keywords:  Open Fractures, Emergency Nursing, Knowledge Gap, Nurse Training, Patient Outcomes
Assessing Cardiovascular Knowledge Gaps in Iraq Nursing Students
Authors: Jassim Khadija Mohammed
Published: August 2024

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the principal cause of death globally, yet there is a noticeable gap in literature regarding the knowledge of nursing students about this critical health issue. This study aimed to assess the understanding of CVD among students at a nursing college and to explore the association between their knowledge levels and socio-demographic characteristics. Employing a descriptive cross-sectional design, the research involved a random sample of 100 nursing students, using a standardized questionnaire validated by experts and tested for reliability (alpha correlation coefficient of 0.70). Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26, revealing that 59% of participants had a moderate level of knowledge about CVD. Based on these findings, we recommend the incorporation of more frequent educational sessions on cardiovascular health in nursing curricula to enhance student knowledge. Future research should expand on these findings to foster a deeper understanding of educational impacts on healthcare outcomes.
Highlights: 

Moderate Knowledge: 59% of students have moderate CVD knowledge, indicating room for educational improvements.
Reliable Assessment: The study used a validated questionnaire ensuring accurate knowledge assessment.
Educational Recommendations: Suggests more frequent lectures to enhance student understanding of cardiovascular health.

Keywords: Nursing Education, Student Awareness, Health Outcomes, Cardiovascular Disease, Knowledge
Nurses’ Knowledge Regarding Management of Hypovolemic Shock: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Atiyah Maher
Published: August 2024

Hypovolemic shock, a common post-surgery complication, poses significant challenges globally, particularly in trauma-related fatalities. Understanding nurses' knowledge of hypovolemic shock management is crucial for improving patient care and reducing mortality rates. However, research assessing nurses' knowledge in this area remains limited, especially in specific hospital settings. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate nurses' knowledge of hypovolemic shock management at Al-Basrah Teaching Hospitals. Data from 120 nurses were collected using a questionnaire-based survey and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results indicated that most nurses demonstrated good knowledge (58%), while 39% had moderate knowledge and 3% had inadequate knowledge. This study highlights the need for targeted educational interventions to enhance nurses' understanding of hypovolemic shock management, potentially leading to improved patient outcomes and reduced mortality rates.
Highlight: 

Comprehensive assessment: Nurses' knowledge evaluated at Al-Basrah Teaching Hospitals.
Knowledge distribution: Majority of nurses showed good understanding of shock management.
Practice implications: Highlight importance of targeted educational interventions for nurses.

Keywoard: Hypovolemic Shock, Nurses' Knowledge, Management, Al-Basrah Teaching Hospitals, Patient Care
Water injection in single well model case study
Authors: Al-Joumaa Jihad , Saddam Karrar Karem , Hammood Muhammad Ali , Fadhil Mustafa Mohammed
Published: August 2024

This study compares two water injection patterns (line drive and five-spot) using CMG software in a cubic reservoir model based on Buzergan field data. Line drive injection showed higher water cut rates due to direct water flow, while the five-spot pattern distributes water flow across the area, resulting in lower water cuts. Economic analysis favors the line drive pattern for its lower setup cost and reduced water injection requirements. These findings offer insights for optimizing injection patterns and maximizing oil production in reservoir management.
 
Highligt: 

Injection Pattern Comparison: Direct vs. Distributed Water Flow Analysis.
CMG Software Simulation: Accurate Reservoir Modeling and Analysis Tool.
Cost-Effective Optimization: Maximizing Oil Production with Economical Injection Strategies.

 
Keyword:  Water Injection Patterns, CMG Software, Reservoir Management, Oil Production Optimization, Economic Analysis
Zamzam Water Surpasses Global Standards in Quality and Mineral Content
Authors: Hassan Abed Sultan , Ali Nadia Abd Ellatif
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the physical, chemical, and bacteriological properties of Zamzam tap water and two popular bottled waters, "Rounaq" and "Naba' Al- Rayan," in Diyala Governorate. Conducted at Al-Rafidain University College and the Central Public Health Laboratory in Baghdad, the research analyzes taste, odor, color, pH, essential minerals, and bacterial contamination. Findings indicate that Zamzam water excels in sensory qualities and contains beneficial minerals like potassium and magnesium within safe limits, with no bacterial contamination detected. These results affirm Zamzam's superior quality and underline the necessity for regular quality checks of bottled waters to ensure public health safety.
Highlights:

Superior Sensory Qualities: Zamzam water was notably superior in taste, odor, and color compared to the other bottled waters tested.
Mineral Content and Safety: All water samples contained essential minerals like potassium and magnesium within safe limits, confirming their nutritional value and compliance with health standards.
Bacterial Purity: No bacterial or pathogenic contamination was detected in any of the water samples, ensuring their safety for consumption.

Keywords: Zamzam Water, Bottled Water Quality, Mineral Content, Bacteriological Safety, Sensory Properties
Nano Quercetin Accelerates Wound Healing in Laboratory Mice
Authors: Salman Rasha Ali , Tawfeeq Amer Talib , Alzubaidy Mohanad W. Mahdi
Published: August 2024

This study explores the use of Curecetin nanoparticles, synthesized and characterized through X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and measured using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with sizes ranging from 13.40 to 44.66 nm. We conducted in vivo experiments on laboratory animals, applying nanoparticle doses of 10 mg, 50 mg, and 100 mg to 30 mm wounds. Skin wounds pose significant medical challenges due to potential complications like rupture and delayed healing. Results indicated that Curecetin nanoparticles significantly accelerated wound healing, with wound size reduction observed as early as the second day and substantial healing by the eighth day, suggesting the potential of nanoparticles in therapeutic applications for skin wounds.
Highlights:

Precise Characterization: Curecetin nanoparticles were precisely synthesized and characterized using XRD, FTIR, and SEM.
Rapid Healing: The study showed that Curecetin nanoparticles significantly accelerated wound healing in laboratory animals.
Clinical Potential: Results indicate a promising future for nanoparticle applications in treating skin wounds clinically.

Keywords: Nanoparticles, Curecetin, Wound Healing, Nanotechnology, Organism
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Musculoskeletal Complaints Among Clinical Healthcare Workers
Authors: Akber Mohamad A.
Published: August 2024

This study investigated the prevalence and risk factors of musculoskeletal complaints among health workers in clinical wards, examining the relationship between these complaints and various work-related and personal variables. Conducted between December 2022 and April 2023, this descriptive study utilized a non-probability, voluntary sample of 100 health workers. Results indicated that 26% of participants reported lower back pain, 49% arm or neck complaints, 44% regular back pain, and 51% leg complaints. Key risk factors included extended work hours without breaks (67%), time pressure (33%), lifting (45%), and stooping (54%). Despite high medium-risk exposure (85%), no participants reported high-risk levels. This study highlights the significant burden of WMSDs among clinical healthcare workers and underscores the need for interventions to reduce duce these risks and improve occupational health.
Highlight:

Prevalence: A significant portion of healthcare workers reported musculoskeletal complaints, with 51% experiencing leg pain and 49% arm or neck pain.
Risk Factors: Key risk factors identified include prolonged work hours without breaks (67%), time pressure (33%), lifting (45%), and stooping (54%).
Implications: The study underscores the need for targeted interventions to mitigate WMSDs and improve the occupational health of clinical healthcare workers.

Keywords: Musculoskeletal Disorders, Healthcare Workers, Risk Factors, Occupational Health, Clinical Wards
Navigating the Risk Terrain in Small Business Economics
Authors: Bekpulatovich Tursunov Mansur
Published: August 2024

This article explores various methods for analyzing and assessing the risks faced by small businesses, emphasizing economic and financial indicators. Key areas of risk assessment include identification, analysis, and comparative evaluation of risks, each employing specific tools. The study highlights the importance of understanding operational risks, based on ISO 31000:2009 standards, and provides detailed methods for evaluating risks related to assets, solvency, and financial stability. It also discusses the implications of liquidity and solvency risks on business operations, offering a structured approach to mitigating these risks.
Highlights:

Identify Risks: Focus on assets, solvency, and liquidity risks.
Operational Standards: Use ISO 31000:2009 to manage operational risks.
Financial Analysis: Evaluate stability and solvency for business growth.

Keywords: Risk Assessment, Small Businesses, Economic Indicators, Financial Stability, ISO 31000
Hearing Loss in Iraq Deteriorates Social and Environmental Quality of Life
Authors: Alsada Sarah Abed , Ibrahim Nuha Adel
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the impact of hearing loss on social interactions and environmental behaviors in individuals, utilizing a descriptive method at the Otolaryngology Department of Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital, Iraq, with 200 participants from December 25, 2023, to March 1, 2024. Participants underwent pure tone audiometry and completed the WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) Version in Arabic. Results indicate a moderate decline in social and environmental quality of life among those with hearing loss, highlighting the necessity for targeted interventions to improve outcomes. This study underscores the need for regular auditory screenings and enhanced support services to better the quality of life for individuals suffering from hearing loss.
Highlights:

Quality of Life: Hearing loss significantly impacts social and environmental interactions.
Intervention Need: Highlights the necessity for targeted interventions to improve life quality.
Screening Importance: Emphasizes regular auditory screenings to detect and manage hearing loss early.

Keywords: Hearing Loss, Social Interaction, Environmental Behavior, Quality of Life, Auditory Health
Interactive Learning Resources for the Digital Age: A Needs Analysis of Digital Textbook Development
Authors: Wulandari Ria , Shofiyah Noly , Kurniawan Machful Indra , Jannah Rikhatul , Silfanah Kofifah
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this research is to analyze the need for developing digital textbooks as interactive learning aids in the digital era. A survey with a research instrument in the form of a questionnaire was utilized as the research method. The questionnaire was distributed to 40 class VII pupils. Data analysis techniques employ descriptive statistics to identify the primary needs of students, as well as the design and desired interactive elements in digital textbooks. According to the requirements analysis, digital textbooks must have practice questions and answer keys, video and audio, student activity sheets, and relevant pictures. Furthermore, digital textbooks are simple to use, with Indonesian, colorful, easy-to-understand content and easy-to-read font kinds and sizes. These findings will serve as the foundation for the creation of digital textbooks that will improve the efficacy of learning in the digital age.
Highlights :

Interactive Elements: Digital textbooks should include practice questions, answer keys, multimedia (video and audio), activity sheets, and relevant images.
User-Friendly Design: Textbooks need to be easy to use with clear, colorful content, and easy-to-read fonts in the Indonesian language.
Educational Impact: The development of digital textbooks based on these findings aims to enhance the effectiveness of learning in the digital age.

Keywords : digital era; digital textbook; interactive learning resources; needs analysisv
Enhanced Protease Production from Diabetic Ulcer-Derived E. coli
Authors: Muhsin Mustafa Talib
Published: August 2024

This study explored a local Escherichia coli isolate from diabetic foot ulcer patients for protease enzyme production. Qualitative screening on skim milk agar showed a 6 mm hydrolysis halo, while quantitative screening with casein revealed a specific activity of 144.55 U/mg protein. Purification via ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose increased the specific activity to 767.5 U/mg, with a 5.3-fold enhancement and a 29.5% yield. The findings suggest E. coli as a viable source for protease production and demonstrate the efficiency of ion-exchange chromatography for enzyme purification, with potential significant industrial applications.
Highlight:

E. coli sourced from diabetic ulcers shows promise for protease production.
Skim milk agar and casein used for qualitative and quantitative screening.
Ion exchange chromatography significantly enhances enzyme specific activity.

 
Keywoard: Escherichia coli, protease production, diabetic foot ulcer, enzyme purification, ion exchange chromatography
The Student’s Psychological Stress During Covid-19
Authors: Hasan Qabila Ibrahim
Published: August 2024

This study investigates psychological stress among middle school students in Baquba district during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on potential gender-based differences. Despite established evidence of heightened stress levels during pandemics, few studies have explored these impacts on school-aged children and potential variances between genders. Utilizing a balanced sample of 100 students (50 male and 50 female) from four schools, this research employed a psychological stress scale with confirmed psychometric properties, including a stability coefficient of 0.80. Statistical analysis revealed significant stress levels among the students, yet no gender differences were identified at the 0.05 significance level. These findings suggest that interventions aimed at reducing student stress during pandemics need not differentiate between male and female students but should instead focus on strategies that address the broader student population.
Highlights:

Significant psychological stress exists among middle school students during COVID-19.
No statistical difference in stress levels between male and female students.
Stress reduction interventions should target all students, regardless of gender.

Keywords: Psychological Stress, COVID-19, Gender Differences, Middle School, Stress Interventions
Nano-Chitosan and Aschorbic Acid Synergistically Combat Resistant Staph in Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Muhammad Jaafar Ali , Alzubaidi Assoc.Prof. Dr. Adawia Fadhil Abbas , Idris Khaled Al-Hussein Muhammad , Kehail Mutaman A. A.
Published: August 2024

Chitosan, derived from natural sources like fish scales and fungal cell walls, forms nanoparticles (NPs) with notable antimicrobial properties. This study examines the antibacterial effects of ascorbic acid combined with nano-chitosan on Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 100 atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. Using the Vitek 2 Compact device for bacterial identification and antibiotic sensitivity testing, we found that nano-chitosan/ascorbic acid composites significantly inhibited the growth of multidrug-resistant S. aureus. The antimicrobial activity increased with higher concentrations, highlighting the potential of this natural polymer blend as an effective treatment for AD-related bacterial infections.
Highlights:

Effective Inhibition: Nano-chitosan/ascorbic acid inhibits multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AD Focus: Targets S. aureus in atopic dermatitis patients.
Green Alternative: Uses natural, non-toxic antibacterial agents.

Keywords: Chitosan nanoparticles, Ascorbic acid, Staphylococcus aureus, Atopic dermatitis, Antibacterial treatment
Association between Relative Risk Factor (RR) and ABO Blood Groups with Clinical Parameters in Patients with SARS-Cov-2
Authors: Yousif Abdullah Fakhir , Mahdi Abeer Ghassan
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the correlation between ABO blood groups and SARS-CoV-2 infection among 1,303 participants from Babylon, comprising 397 infected individuals and 906 healthy controls. It explores three primary axes: genetic inheritance of ABO blood groups in 200 families, distribution of these blood groups in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the relationship of these blood groups with various physiological indicators in infected, recovered, and healthy subjects. The findings reveal that the AB blood group is disproportionately associated with a higher infection rate (RR = 1.808), whereas the O group shows a lesser susceptibility (RR = 0.901). Additionally, physiological changes such as decreased lymphocytes, MCH, and MCHC, alongside increased WBC, CRP, Ferritin, D-dimer, and LDH levels were noted in infected individuals. This study underscores the potential of ABO blood groups as a factor in COVID-19 infection risk, suggesting a direction for future research into tailored medical responses based on genetic predispositions.
Highlights:

Blood Group Impact: AB group had higher COVID-19 infection rates; O group had lower.
Physiological Indicators: Infected individuals showed significant changes in key blood parameters.
Medical Strategy: Findings suggest potential for personalized medical approaches based on ABO blood groups.

Keywords: SARS-Cov-2, ABO Blood Groups, Relative Risk Factor
Heat Stress in Iraq Slashes Dairy Cow Health and Milk Production
Authors: Shwish Azhar Lateef
Published: August 2024

This study examined the impact of heat stress on dairy cows in Iraq, categorizing them into Comfortable Zone (CZ), Mild Stress (MS), and High Stress (HS) based on the Thermal Humidity Index (THI). Over 90 days, cows were monitored for physiological, hematological, biochemical, and milk production parameters. Results showed that as heat stress increased, cows exhibited higher respiration, heart, and pulse rates, and rectal and skin temperatures. Hemoglobin and packed cell volume decreased, while red blood cell count and other related measures increased. Biochemical analyses revealed higher levels of cortisol, blood urea nitrogen, total protein, and liver enzymes, with reduced albumin. Milk yield and quality significantly declined under HS conditions. These findings highlight the need for effective heat stress mitigation to protect cow health and dairy productivity in hot climates.
Highlights:
 

Heat Stress Impact: Increased respiration, heart, pulse rates, and rectal and skin temperatures.
Blood Changes: Lower hemoglobin, higher cortisol, blood urea nitrogen, liver enzymes.
Milk Production: Reduced yield, fat content, and protein content under high stress.

 
Keywords: heat stress, dairy cows, physiology, milk production, Iraq
Watery diarrhea between Vibrio cholera and Aeromonas hydrophila during Iraqi cholera outbreaks
Authors: Najeeb Aghadeer Sarmad , Ibrahim Musaab Ahmed , Abduljabbar Hala Luay
Published: August 2024

Cholera remains a significant health challenge globally, especially in regions with poor infrastructure and healthcare. This study aimed to detect Aeromonas hydrophila in clinical samples from diarrhea patients during the 2022-2023 outbreaks in Iraq. Archived samples from Baquba General Teaching Hospital were analyzed using culture media, biochemical tests, and the VITEK 2 system. Both Vibrio cholerae and A. hydrophila isolates produced virulence factors such as hemolysin, protease, lipase, phospholipase, and biofilm. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed A. hydrophila was susceptible to cefepime, ceftazidime, amikacin, imipenem, meropenem, and piperacillin-tazobactam but resistant to aztreonam, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. V. cholerae was susceptible to amikacin, imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, doxycycline, and chloramphenicol but resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ampicillin. The findings highlight the need for better recognition of Aeromonas as a gastrointestinal pathogen and emphasize the importance of improved diagnostics and public health initiatives to reduce diarrheal diseases.
 
Highlight:

Detection Methods: Culture media, biochemical tests, VITEK 2 system used.
Virulence Factors: Hemolysin, protease, lipase, phospholipase, biofilm production identified.
Antibiotic Resistance: Specific resistance observed in A. hydrophila and V. cholerae.

 
 
Keyword: Cholera, Aeromonas hydrophila, Antibiotic Susceptibility, Diarrhea, Iraq Outbreak
Iraq's hydrocarbon crisis demands integrated remediation solutions
Authors: Jabbar Nour Allah Mahdi
Published: August 2024

Petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in Iraq’s oil-bearing areas significantly impacts the environment and public health. This study reviews contamination sources, such as oil spills and industrial disposal, and outlines the identification and quantification methods using GC-MS and FTIR. Various remediation strategies, including bioremediation, phytoremediation, chemical oxidation, thermal remediation, and physical removal, are discussed. The review highlights challenges in implementation due to technological, financial, regulatory, and community engagement issues. An integrated adaptive management approach is recommended to mitigate risks and ensure sustainable development of Iraq’s oil sector.
 
Highlight:

Hydrocarbon identification and quantification using GC-MS and FTIR.
Combined remediation: bioremediation, phytoremediation, chemical oxidation, thermal remediation, physical removal.
Challenges: technological, financial, regulatory, and community engagement issues.

 
 
Keyword:  Petroleum hydrocarbon contamination, Iraq, GC-MS, FTIR, remediation strategies
Synthesis and Characterization Studies of Pure and Co Doped ZnO Nano Thin Films
Authors: Mahdi Kareema Hameed , Dahham Najat A.
Published: August 2024

General Background: Thin-film technology is pivotal in advancing modern optoelectronic devices due to its ability to tailor material properties at the nanoscale. Specific Background: Zinc oxide (ZnO) and cobalt oxide (CoO) are prominent materials in this field, with doping techniques such as cobalt incorporation offering potential enhancements in film properties. Knowledge Gap: The impact of cobalt doping on the structural and optical properties of ZnO thin films remains inadequately explored, particularly concerning varying doping concentrations. Aims: Aims to elucidate the effects of cobalt doping on ZnO thin films' structural and optical characteristics, with concentrations of Zn0.6Co0.4O and Zn0.8Co0.2O compared to pure ZnO and CoO films. Results: Thin films were prepared via spin coating on glass substrates at 3000 rpm for 30 seconds. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that pure ZnO films possess a hexagonal polycrystalline structure, whereas CoO films exhibit a cubic structure. Doping with cobalt resulted in a decrease in peak intensity at the (111) orientation and an increase in grain size. Optical measurements indicated enhanced transmittance and modified absorbance spectra with increased cobalt content, showing maximum absorbance at short wavelengths and diminished values in the visible region. Reflectivity increased with photon energy before decreasing at higher energies. Novelty: Cobalt doping significantly alters both structural and optical properties of ZnO films, with distinct changes in lattice constants, grain size, and optical behavior, suggesting a potential route for optimizing ZnO-based materials. Implications: Cobalt-doped ZnO films hold promise for improved performance in optoelectronic applications, such as solar cells and sensors, necessitating further research into diverse doping strategies to fully harness their technological potential.
Highlights:
 

Cobalt doping alters ZnO thin films' structural and optical properties.
Spin coating method used at 3000 rpm for 30 seconds.
Enhanced optical properties suitable for optoelectronic applications.

 
Keywords: Thin films, Zinc oxide, Cobalt doping, Optical properties, X-ray diffraction
KPPBC TMP Juanda Policy in Achieving Revenue Target as a Impact of De Minimis Value
Authors: Ramadlan Muhammad Fauzi , Mulyadi Akhmad
Published: August 2024

Background: The implementation of the de minimis value rule, which sets a threshold for import duty exemptions on small shipments, significantly influences national trade dynamics and fiscal policies. Despite global integration and economic transactions escalating, effective customs regulations remain pivotal for controlling import activities and enhancing revenue. Knowledge Gap: Prior research has primarily focused on the implications of the de minimis rule on import volumes and compliance, leaving a gap regarding its impact on revenue targets and administrative practices at the customs office level. Aims: This study aims to explore the strategies employed by KPPBC TMP Juanda in achieving revenue targets influenced by the de minimis value policy. Methods: Utilizing qualitative research methods, including interviews, observation, and documentation, this research engages directly with three customs officials at KPPBC TMP Juanda, analyzing data with NVivo12Plus. Results: The findings indicate that while the de minimis value does not control the surge in import activities, it assists in increasing revenue and meeting fiscal targets. Novelty: This study provides new insights into how customs policies adapted at the local office level can contribute to national fiscal strategies under global trade pressures. Implications: The outcomes underscore the necessity for continuous policy evaluation to balance trade facilitation with fiscal responsibility, suggesting enhancements in customs operations to optimize revenue without stifling economic growth.
Highlights:
 

Customs Strategy: De minimis value adjustments reflect local customs alignment with fiscal goals.
Revenue Impact: The rule boosts revenue without curbing import volumes.
Policy Review: Highlights the need for continual policy optimization to balance trade and revenue.

Keywords: Policy, Revenue Target, De Minimis Value
Classroom Teachers' Problems and Strategies in Implementing the Merdeka Curriculum
Authors: Wardana Mahardika Darmawan Kusuma
Published: August 2024

General Background: The introduction of the Kurikulum Merdeka in Indonesia aims to enhance student competence and character by offering more flexible and student-centered learning approaches. Specific Background: While it promises a more inclusive and modern educational environment, the implementation poses challenges for teachers adapting to this new paradigm. Knowledge Gap: Previous studies have focused on policy impacts and student outcomes, but there is limited research on the specific difficulties faced by classroom teachers during implementation. Aims: This study seeks to identify the challenges teachers encounter with the Kurikulum Merdeka and the strategies they employ to overcome these challenges. Results: Analysis of literature reveals several key issues: teachers' inadequate understanding of the curriculum's concepts, difficulty in designing student-centered learning, lack of resources, and challenges with competency-based assessments. Strategies to address these include ongoing professional development, fostering professional learning communities, leveraging technology, and developing authentic assessments. Novelty: This research contributes to the literature by focusing on teachers' perspectives, providing insights into practical challenges and solutions in implementing the Kurikulum Merdeka. Implications: Findings can guide the design of teacher training programs and inform educational policymakers to support effective curriculum implementation, ultimately benefiting Indonesia's educational landscape by preparing students for the challenges of the 21st century.
Highlights:

Teacher Training: Continuous professional development is crucial for teachers to effectively implement the Kurikulum Merdeka.
Resource Limitations: Adequate access to educational resources and facilities is necessary for supporting innovative teaching methods.
Assessment Challenges: Developing and utilizing authentic assessments can enhance the evaluation of student competencies.

Keywords: Kurikulum Merdeka, Student-Centered Learning, Teacher Challenges, Competency-Based Assessment, Educational Innovation