bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La Ley Orgánica 1/2014 de reforma de la jurisdicción universal: entre el progresivo avance de la globalización comercial y de la deuda y la no injerencia en los asuntos internos de China
Authors: Esteve Moltó José Elías
Published: October 2022

Mediante auto de 18 de noviembre de 2014 la Sección Cuarta de la Sala de lo Penal de Audiencia Nacional decretó órdenes de arresto internacional contra cinco dirigentes chinos, entre ellos el anterior Presidente y Secretario del Partido, Jiang Zemin, y el anterior Primer Ministro Chino, Li Peng. Poco después el Gobierno Español, bajo la presión de las autoridades de Beijing, procedió a enmendar la Ley Orgánica del Poder Judicial, proponiendo reformas radicales y mayores restricciones a la jurisdicción universal. La Ley Orgánica 1/2014 se publicó el 10 de marzo de 2014 y desde entonces los distintos jueces de la Audiencia Nacional han interpretado y aplicado la nueva regulación con resultados contradictorios.
Le règlement pacifique des différends internationaux à la lumière des bouleversements intervenus en Europe Centrale et en Europe de L'Est
Authors: Caflisch Lucius
Published: October 2022

1. Généralités.- 2. Moyens de règlement politiques et juridictionnels.- 3. Le titre de compétence.- 4. Les pays socialistes de l'Europe et le RPD.- 5. Les pays socialistes et le RPD sur le plan universel.- 6. Les pays socialistes et les efforts de créer un système européen de RPD.- 7. Perspectives d'avenir.
El Camino de Santiago y la protección internacional de bienes culturales
Authors: Corriente Córdoba José Antonio
Published: October 2022

I. Santiago de Compostela y su camino, monumentos vivos.- II. Compostela, sitio cultural del patrimonio mundial. La convención de la U.N.E.S.C.O. de 1972.- III. El camino, itinerario cultural europeo.- IV. Una propuesta para juristas y otros hombres prácticos: un compostelanismo activo.-
El palacio de Te restaurado. Consideraciones sobre la fortuna crítica de la obra de Giulio Romano
Authors: González Presencio Mariano
Published: October 2022

La rehabilitación del arte del XVI, en la obra de autores como Dvöràk, Fiedlander o Hauser, presenta el manierismo como arte anticlásico; como expresión de las inquietudes de la época, de la personalidad dividida de los artistas; como un arte antirealista, antihumanista y antiintelectualista.

Giulio Romano ha representado para cierta crítica el paradigma de aquella interpretación del manierismo como arte en crisis. Sin embargo el examen de su arquitectura permite comprobar que ésta se mueve dentro de los márgenes del clasicismo; estira hasta el extremo, sin romperla, la cuerda de la arquitectura clásica y abre toda la gama del repertorio.

Giulio, por tanto, se permite la licencia, pero, a diferencia de Miguel Angel, no se propone reinventar los elementos arquitectónicos: la originalidad de sus composiciones deriva de la ampliación de los motivos traídos del antiguo. con una predilección por los menos frecuentados, por los detalles peregrinos, por las citas de anticuario. Lo suyo es, como se ha dicho, la búsqueda de una nueva y extravagante manera.
Dos jardines, dos mitologías
Authors: Rojo Fraile Eduardo
Published: October 2022

Análisis de dos jardines, uno barroco y otro de comienzos del Movimiento Moderno, ambos muy representativos de su tiempo, que paradójicamente tienen mucho en común. Se pretende dar a conocer dos obras, exponentes de dos momentos fundamentales en la historia de la jardinería y el paisaje.
La ciudad, la voz y el alma
Authors: De Fiore Gaspare
Published: October 2022

Con cuatro sugerentes dibujos, realizados por el autor al hilo de sus palabras, se intenta dar una idea de la poesía de la ciudad de Roma, siempre evocadora de recuerdos y sugerencias. Realizados los dibujos a los compases de la música de Albinoni, su autor ha querido encarnar en ellos el Romanticismo y una cierta sombría nostalgia de la Ciudad Eterna y la conmovedora presencia de sus rimas milenarias.
Arquitectura contemporánea: primitivos de una compleja simplicidad
Authors: Pozo José Manuel
Published: October 2022

La arquitectura del movimiento moderno se ha caracterizado por un abierto rechazo de las formas arquitectónicas ligadas a la tradición y los estilos históricos. Después de casi un siglo, la progresiva simplificación formal y la abstracción geométrica que han caracterizado el proceso dificultan su comprensión y la 'popularización' de sus formas, provocando un rechazo que ocasiona aparentemente lo contrario de lo que se deseaba: el progreso de la sociedad a través del arte y la arquitectura. Esta parece ahora más pobre y simple. Sin embargo esa contradicción es tan sólo aparente: la complejidad formal e intuitiva ha sido sustituida por una complejidad espacial e intelectual de orden superior característica del nuevo 'lenguaje' arquitectónico.
Arquitectura y moralidad. Moralidad frente a moralismo: historicismo y modernidad
Authors: Otxotorena Juan Miguel
Published: October 2022

Hace muy poco que los modos de hacer arquitectura han comenzado a ser vistos como directamente susceptibles de valoraciones morales. Peter Collins ha observado, por ejemplo, que “... una de las características más destacadas de la arquitectura moderna ha sido su relación con la moral: las bases éticas del diseño arquitectónico han preocupado a los teorizadores modernos de un modo antes desconocido”. La presencia de las argumentaciones éticas en la justificación de las metodologías de proyecto, en efecto, aparece ligada, en al ámbito de la arquitectura, a la evolución de las actitudes culturales modernas. La relación de ambos factores constituye un dato histórico. Su expresión más reciente estaría en el llamado Movimiento Moderno, fenómeno multidimensional correlativo de la peculiar conciencia histórica que subyace en esta denominación, el cual se ha convertido en poco menos que el marco de referencia básico para nuestros propios planteamientos teóricos y viene siendo objeto recurrente de estudio y revisión en los últimos tiempos, en el marco de la situación significativamente denominada ‘post-moderna’.
Modelos ingleses del siglo XVII. De Balthazar Gerbier a Christopher Wren
Authors: Montes Serrano Carlos
Published: October 2022

El estudio sobre el uso modelos, en cuanto sistema de representación, en la Inglaterra del siglo XVII, nos ofrece una interesante información sobre las ideas arquitectónicas en aquel período. Además de la influencia derivada de los escritos del renacimiento italiano, se aprecia que el empleo de los modelos va unido a la emergencia de la profesión de arquitecto, a la importación de nuevos estilos arquitectónicos, y a la primacía otorgada a la concepción del diseño frente a la construcción. El trabajo se aborda a partir de los escritos y tratados de arquitectura de Balthazar Gerbier, Roger Pratt, John Evelyn, Roger North y de las memorias de Christopher Wren.
Fernando Iniciarte: In Memoriam. Acerca del origen de un artículo póstumo de un filósofo que quiso ser arquitecto
Authors: Pozo José Manuel
Published: October 2022

Este artículo de Fernando Inciarte (1929-2000) –‘Tito’–, es uno de los últimos que dejó ‘acabados’, pues faltaba tan sólo –de ahí las comillas– determinar las imágenes con que debía ilustrarse, que no llegamos a seleccionar. El texto muestra la inagotable curiosidad intelectual de este filósofo, siempre interesado por todo, y en particular, como ahora señalaré, por el arte y la arquitectura.
Sobre la interpretación de la obra de arte. El qué, el porqué y el cómo
Authors: Gombrich Ernst H.
Published: October 2022

El noviembre del 2001 fallecía en Londres Ernst Gombrich (1909–2001); pocos días antes le habíamos enviado el presente artículo para su aprobación. Su contribución se convierte ahora en homenaje y recuerdo para el último maestro de toda una gran generación de estudiosos del arte, entre los que cabría incluir a Erwin Panofsky, Rudolf Wittkower o Nikolaus Pevsner. El texto, hasta ahora inédito, corresponde a una intervención del profesor Gombrich en la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad Complutense, el 30 de enero de 1992, en la víspera de su nombramiento como Doctor Honoris Causa. Con esta intervención se clausuraba un seminario sobre su obra y sus ideas, organizado por el profesor Valeriano Bozal en el Departamento de Historia del Arte Contemporáneo, en el que habían intervenido distintos especialistas en historiografía del arte y en la obra de Gombrich.

Tras formular las tres preguntas que pueden definir las tareas que han ocupado a los estudiosos del arte ––el qué, el porqué y el cómo––, Gombrich describe la que ha sido su principal tarea y preocupación durante toda su vida académica: la pregunta sobre el porqué de una obra de arte, y muy especialmente, la de por qué a lo largo de la historia, durante distintas épocas, estilos y lugares, se ha representado la realidad de maneras completamente distintas.
Urbano y antiurbano: ¿Inferencia o antagonismo? Crónica de un congreso
Authors: Esteban Maluenda Ana
Published: October 2022

A pesar de que durante el transcurso del siglo XX la arquitectura y el urbanismo se han identificado habitualmente con la ciudad, también hubo momentos en los que, coincidiendo con periodos críticos de la historia, se difundieron las que podríamos definir como 'ideologías antiurbanas', que llegaron a afectar a la creación artística y arquitectónica tanto como al pensamiento urbanístico. Sobre estas 'ideologías antiurbanas' y su oposición (o su derivación) a las 'urbanas' versó el III Congreso Internacional de arquitectura moderna española organizado por la Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de la Universidad de Navarra. Del desarrollo de dicha reunión, centrándonos esencialmente en las partes del mismo no publicadas en las actas del congreso, tratarán las siguientes líneas.
Paul Linder: arquitecto, crítico, educador. Del Bauhaus a la Escuela Nacional de Ingenieros del Perú
Authors: Medina Warmburg Joaquín
Published: October 2022

A finales de 1953, el 28 de diciembre, Walter Gropius y Josep Lluís Sert visitaron Lima. La fotografía que plasmó su llegada a la capital peruana, les muestra acompañados de sus respectivas esposas, Ise y Moncha, recién descendidos del avión. Junto a ellos, sus anfitriones en el Perú: los arquitectos Héctor Velarde, Rafael Marquina, Fernando Belaúnde Terry y, en el centro del grupo, Paul Linder. La imagen no sólo documenta el viaje de dos protagonistas de la arquitectura moderna a la capital peruana. Ilustra, además, la relación triangular que nos ha de ocupar en las siguientes páginas: la que traza la trayectoria vital y profesional del arquitecto Paul Linder (1897-1968), partiendo del Weimar de entreguerras, pasando por España, hasta llegar al Perú, a donde emigró en 1938. La totalidad de la obra de Linder debe ser entendida en cada una de sus diferentes facetas –incluidas las de educador y crítico– desde el entrelazamiento de referentes alemanes, peruanos y españoles.
Louis I. Kahn. Parasol Houses
Authors: Galván Noelia
Published: October 2022

Con ocasión del reciente centenario de Louis I. Kahn, su figura y trayectoria profesional han vuelto a ser objeto de estudios y análisis. Tal es el caso de la elegante monografía de Robert McCarter publicada por Phaidon en el 2004, o la sorprendente película, My Architect: A Son’s Journey, documental nominado para los Óscar 2004, realizado por su hijo Nathaniel Kahn, en el que intenta indagar en el personaje que apenas llegó a conocer. Poco nuevo se puede decir sobre sus obras construidas, sobre sus edificios para las grandes instituciones o sobre sus viviendas. Sin embargo, el amplio registro gráfico de sus planos y dibujos, publicado en la Garland Architecture Archives, aún permite un acercamiento a su obra intentando indagar en algunos aspectos poco conocidos de su trabajo, como pueden ser los procesos proyectuales de algunos encargos que no llegarían a materializarse. Este artículo aborda uno de esos proyectos, las viviendas conocidas como las Parasol Houses, quizá una de las primeras obras en las que se dejan ver las inquietudes formales –la geometría, el orden, la estructura– acometidas por Kahn a partir de la década de los cincuenta.
Fachadas ventiladas en rehabilitación. Ejemplos
Authors: Carmona Javier
Published: October 2022

Uno de los cambios más significativos ocurridos en el mundo de la construcción es el de aislar los edificios exteriormente, concepto conocido como muro-abrigo, con el que se consigue en una sola operación el aislamiento y protección exterior del edificio. En el artículo se exponen los sistemas empleados en España así como las ventajas que esta solución presenta tanto en obra nueva como en rehabilitación.
La parcela gótica. Rehabilitar el cerramiento
Authors: Maya Enrique
Published: October 2022

Entre otras muchas herencias que hemos recibido de nuestros viejos Centros Históricos quizá sea la parcela medieval, la "parcela gótica", el elemento de mayor interés histórico, urbanístico y arquitectónico. Desde esta óptica, todo lo que suponga profundizar en el estudio de las propuestas de rehabilitación sobre el parcelario gótico es una apuesta de futuro porque esas actuaciones van a seguir teniendo lugar. Dentro de ese concepto, en el presente artículo se va a aportar una aproximación parcial al análisis del comportamiento de los edificios construidos sobre ese tipo de parcela aportando los conceptos básicos que deben guiar su rehabilitación desde el punto de vista higrotérmico, partiendo para ello de las exigencias establecidas desde la normativa básica.
Condensación en carpinterías de ventanas y miradores: diagnóstico
Authors: García-Morales Soledad
Published: October 2022

Los problemas de condensación empiezan a presentarse con cierta frecuencia en edificios de reciente construcción incluso en zonas climáticas que podrían considerarse como fuera de riesgo. En este artículo se analiza un caso concreto de diagnóstico que puede resultar orientativo sobre los pasos a seguir en la detección de las causas, así como la necesidad de cierta investigación en el caso de diagnóstico de humedades de condensación. Se puede comprobar que, para descubrir la interferencia de factores que producen una determinada patología, se necesita la ayuda instrumental de los termohigrómetros, y cierta capacidad de análisis de los valores obtenidos.
Patología y rehabilitación de carpinterías exteriores
Authors: Sánchez-Ostiz Ana
Published: October 2022

Una rehabilitación integral del cerramiento vertical debe contemplar tanto las zonas ciegas como acristaladas de la fachada para lograr mejoras en el aislamiento. Por lo tanto, a la hora de elegir una ventana o un tipo de sistema adicional tendremos que estudiar su comportamiento térmico y acústico simultáneamente, para poder alcanzar las mejores prestaciones.
La geometría de la emoción
Authors: Alonso-del-Val Miguel Ángel
Published: October 2022

El proyecto "Goiri" del Bilbao Technology Centre para Ericsson asume la importancia que, en un espacio productivo contemporáneo, tienen los requerimientos de flexibilidad y calidad espacial. El primero se resuelve mediante la concepción modulada delas estancias, materiales e instalaciones, que permite reorganizar sin dificultad las distribuciones interiores conforme a exigencias futuras. El segundo, con la posibilidad de ofrecer estancias con valores ambientales en cualquier parte del edificio, que se construyen mediante un lenguaje estricto de materiales y volúmenes que se apilan en un paisaje horizontal.
Instalación de ascensores en edificios construidos
Authors: Garayoa-Gurucharri Javier
Published: October 2022

Con este artículo se pretende suscitar un tema de debate que está presente en todas las personas que intervenimos en la supervisión y tramitación de los proyectos de obra y reformas que se presentan en nuestras ciudades, como es la instalación de ascensores en edificios construidos.
Kiosko en Barañain
Authors: Tena-Núñez Luis
Published: October 2022

El encargo del proyecto del Kiosco al equipo de arquitectos formado por Luis Tena y Soledad Castiella es consecuencia de haber resultado ganadores del Concurso de ideas convocado por el Ayuntamiento de Barañain en enero de 2001 y fallado por unanimidad en los siguientes términos: Primer premio, a la propuesta 'KOFFIA': por la sencillez, rotundidad y claridad formal de la propuesta, un diseño compacto de ajustada escala, que en su abstracción y transparencia puede ser un elemento perfectamente integrado en el parque". (Del Acta del concurso, 8/11/2001).En el programa del concurso se especificaban las características del edificio y los objetivos a cumplir por la nueva edificación. Se actuaría (con libertad) en la parte central del parque, concretamente en el centro del espacia de la rotonda peatonal ajardinada. La construcción sería en planta baja más una, aprovechando el sótano para almacén o locales de servicio. En planta baja, bar con terraza al aire libre y aseos públicos adaptados. En planta primera, escenario para actuaciones en verano y sala de bar comunicada en invierno. La superficie construida estimada para cada planta era de unos cien metros cuadrados.
Climatizando con el clima
Authors: Stagno Bruno
Published: October 2022

Este informe presenta el estudio del caso de un edificio de oficinas bioclimático diseñado para las condiciones tropicales del Valle Central de Costa Rica, recientemente construido. El informe analiza el uso de elementos climáticos naturales y conceptos y mecanismos bioclimáticos como recursos para diseñar y adecuar la Arquitectura de la franja tropical del planeta. En un esfuerzo renovado, la humanidad debe reaprender a equilibrar la relación entre Arquitectura y Naturaleza. Climatizar con el clima es por lo tanto un desafío arquitectónico en búsqueda de la sostenibilidad en las latitudes tropicales. La construcción del edificio HOLCIM representa un compendio de esfuerzos de la empresa industrial interesada en promover el desarrollo sostenible y el grupo de arquitectos y ecólogos avocados a estos mismos objetivos en su desempeño profesional. Mostramos planos, fotografías y modelos de desempeño bioclimático implementados durante la fase de diseño. Además, se describen y analizan las mediciones micro climáticas realizadas en el edificio HOLCIM, en un medio tropical en el cual prevalecen condiciones climáticas moderadas pero fuertemente marcadas por las dos estaciones. Comparaciones del ambiente interno del edificio con medidas micro climáticas obtenidas en el exterior y con resultados obtenidos de un modelo, indican que el bienestar cumple con los estándares de las Normas ISO.
Reflexiones para cumplir con el Protocolo de Kioto
Authors: Solé Josep
Published: October 2022

Frecuentemente la opinión pública considera que el cumplimiento del Protocolo de Kioto es solo una cuestión industrial y que no tiene ninguna implicación en otros sectores, nada más lejos de esta hipótesis. Limitar el efecto invernadero es lo que se pretende mediante el Protocolo de Kioto y depende fundamentalmente de las emisiones de C02 a la atmósfera; estas emisiones están directamente relacionadas con el consumo de energía. Se estima que el consumo de energía en los países occidentales se distribuye en tres partes aproximadamente iguales entre el sector industrial, el sector del transporte y el sector de los edificios. Mientras que existe una clara percepción sobre el poder contaminante de la industria y de los transportes, no se tiene absolutamente la misma percepción con relación al sector de los edificios. Podemos pues concluir que el sector de los edificios es tan responsable de las emisiones de C02 como lo pueden ser la industria y el transporte y que, por tanto, está justificado actuar sobre el mismo para poder minimizarlas.
Ocio, negocio y la vida lograda
Authors: Reguant Blanca
Published: October 2022

Es una verdad casi universalmente aceptada que, tras terminar la jornada laboral, todo trabajador únicamente desea dedicar su tiempo libre a aquellas actividades que le permiten desconectar. Este descanso de la mente suele traducirse en actividades que nos ayudan a "desconectar". Netflix es el clásico en estos tiempos que corren, pero ¿a qué dedicaban su tiempo libre los clásicos? ¿qué podemos aprender de ellos hoy?
¿Cuál es la verdadera aportación de Michael Porter al «Management»?
Authors: Gómez-Osorio Jorge-Iván
Published: October 2022

La vigencia de las ideas de Michael Porter va más allá de conceptos como estrategia o valor compartido. Él unió dos mundos hasta entonces distanciados: la economía y la dirección de empresas.
Isolation and Characterization of Rhizospheric Bacteria From Vuralia turcica Rhizospheric Soil
Authors: ÇİFTÇİ Cem , TEKDAL Dilek , ÇINGAY Burçin , ÇETİNER Selim
Published: October 2022

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria are highly active in soil ecosystems for legumes due to their biotic activities. Vuralia turcica (Kit Tan, Vural & Kucukoduk) Uysal & Ertugrul is a Turkish endemic legume plant with potential value for ornamental and food crops. However, reports of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in V. turcica rhizosphere are lacking in the literature. This study includes endophytic bacterial isolation from V. turcica rhizospheric soil. The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize growth-promoting bacteria. V. turcica rhizospheric soils from four different locations of Central Anatolia of Turkey, namely L1 (Gölçayır, 38° 28´ 10.5´´ N/31° 21´ 04.4´´ E), L2 (Akşehir, 38° 28´ 17.328´´ N/31° 20´ 52.468´´ E), L3 (Dereçine, 38° 30´ 36.702´´ N/31° 17´ 56.702´´ E), L4 (Sultandağı, 38° 32´ 43.2168´´ N/31° 16´ 54.4728´´ E), were selected for bacterial isolation. Ten bacterial strains were isolated and identified through the comparison of the 16S rRNA and 16S-23S rRNA ITS region. Among them, 4 isolates belonged to Bacillus megaterium, 3 strains belonged to Stenotrophomonas rhizophila, 1 strain belonged to Rhodococcus erythropolis, 1 strain belonged to Xanthomonas albilineans, and the remaining 1 strain belonged to Lysobacter enzymogenes, respectively.
Performance characterisation of asphalt mixture modified with one-component polyurethane
Authors: Lu Guoyang , Li Rui , Li Gaoyang , Leng Zhen , Wang Haopeng
Published: October 2022

The use of polyurethane (PU)-modified asphalt for paving purposes has recently gained increasing interest in both academia and industry. This study aimed to characterise the engineering performance of an asphalt mixture modified with one-component PU and explore its adhesive mechanism. To achieve these objectives, PU-modified bitumen and asphalt mixtures with two different PU contents (10% and 30%) were prepared. Various laboratory material property tests, such as rotational viscosity test of the binder, Marshall test, indirect tensile strength (ITS) test, Hamburg wheel-tracking test, moisture susceptibility and indirect tensile fatigue test of the PU-modified mixture, were carried out. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was carried out to explore the adhesive mechanism between PU-modified binders and aggregates. The results indicated that the overall performance of the asphalt mixture increased significantly with the PU prepolymer, with increased Marshall stability, ITS and resistance to moisture damage, rutting and fatigue damage. It was found that the PU prepolymer reacted with hydroxyl groups on the surface of the aggregate, which contributed to the improved performance of the asphalt mixture. The findings of this study may facilitate further practical applications of bituminous materials modified with one-component PU in the pavement industry.
COMPETITION LEGISLATION TOWARDS DIGITAL PLATFORMS: CHOICE BETWEEN ANTITRUST AND REGULATION
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Avdasheva Svetlana , Yusupova Gyuzel ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Korneeva Dina ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics
Published: October 2022

The article analyzes recent developments in competition policy regarding digital platforms and their ecosystems. The goal is to evaluate the newly adopted laws and their drafts in the light of experience in regulating essential facilities (natural monopolies in the network industries). We contrast the arguments and suggestions of recent academic and expert publications with evaluation of the effects of non-discriminatory access enforcement. Both ex-post antitrust enforcement and ex-ante regulation regarding digital platforms have their own limitations. Proponents of wider application of ex-ante regulatory rules underestimate and often neglect regulatory cost as well as negative externalities of regulatory interventions. Empirical evaluation of regulatory effects during three decades shows that both costs and negative externalities are likely and relatively high. At the same time, recent academic and expert discussion underestimate the opportunities to develop targeted norms that would provide clients of digital platforms with additional rights and opportunities, and restrict market power of platforms without specific ex-ante regulation.
Plasmid transduction using competent cell v1
Authors: not provided An.Huang
Published: October 2022

Plasmid can be transduced into bacteria at competent state using heat shock. This protocol helps transduce plasmid into competent cells.
Öğretmen Görüşlerine Göre Ses Esaslı İlk Okuma Yazma Öğretiminde Karşılaşılan Güçlükler
Authors: SAĞIRLI Muhittin , ATİK Uğur
Published: October 2022

Okuma ve yazma becerileri insan hayatında önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bu bakımdan okuma ve yazma becerilerinin öğretimi de önem arz etmektedir. Okuma-yazma öğretiminde öğretmenlerin karşılaşmış olduğu sorunların tespit edilmesi; öğretmenlerin farkındalık düzeyinin geliştirilmesi, sorunların giderilmesi ve gelecekte hazırlanacak öğretim programlarına yol göstermesi açısından önemlidir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, 2018 yılından itibaren uygulanmakta olan Ses Esaslı Okuma Yazma Öğretimi Yaklaşımı’na ilişkin sınıf öğretmenlerinin düşüncelerinin, değerlendirmelerinin ve bu yaklaşım ile yürütülen okuma-yazma faaliyetlerinde öğretmenlerin karşılaştıkları güçlüklerin belirlenmesidir. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yaklaşımı benimsenerek durum çalışması olarak desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2020-2021 eğitim-öğretim yılında İstanbul ‘da devlet okullarında görev yapan en az bir defa Ses Esaslı Okuma Yazma Öğretimi Yaklaşımı ile öğretim gerçekleştirmiş olan 13 sınıf öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak veriler toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler betimsel ve içerik analizi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, öncelikli olarak Türkçe öğretim programında “Ses Esaslı Okuma Yazma Öğretimi Yaklaşımı” ifadesinin kullanılmasının kavram karmaşasına sebep olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte ses esaslı okuma yazma öğretimi ile gerçekleştirilen okuma yazma öğretimine ilişkin, öğretmenlerin yarıya yakını olumlu yönde görüş bildirirken diğerleri bazı sınırlılıkların ve sorunların mevcut olduğunu ifade etmişlerdir. Aileden kaynaklı (metodolojik çatışma), öğrenciden kaynaklı (hazır bulunuşluk düzeylerinin yetersizliği, devamsızlık), eğitim politikalarından kaynaklı (tüm öğrencilerin okul öncesi eğitim almaması, erken yaşta okula başlamaları), fiziksel yetersizliklerden kaynaklı (sınıfların kalabalık olması, ekonomik imkânsızlıkların olması, ders kitaplarının yetersiz olması) ve yöntemden kaynaklı (parçadan bütüne gidilmesi anlamayı zorlaştırması, zaman ve enerji kaybettirmesi, açık heceye ulaşma ve hece birleştirmede zorlukların yaşanması) sorunlar, en sık dile getirilenler arasında yer almıştır. Araştırma sonuçları doğrultusundan sorunların giderilmesine yönelik birtakım öneriler sunulmuştur.
Functional outcome at 6 months of surgical traumatic brain injury: A single Caribbean Center pilot study
Authors: Encarnacion M. J. , Baez I. P. , Paulino J. , Barrientos Castillo R. E. , Nurmukhametov R. , Efe I. E.
Published: October 2022

Background. This is the first prospective study that evaluates the functional outcome after a surgical procedure secondary to a traumatic brain injury, in a single center, in Dominican Republic.

Aim. To determine the functional status of surgically treated patients 6 months post-trauma, the relative risk of poor prognosis and association of functional status with the predictive variables of the International Mission for Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials in traumatic brain injury.

Materials and methods. A prospective, longitudinal study was conducted in a cohort of 22 patients surgically treated for a traumatic intracranial injury at Dr. Ney Arias Lora Traumatology Hospital in Dominican Republic. We applied the International Mission for Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials calculator, (pupillary response, hemoglobin, hypoxia, age, motor response, computed tomography lesion, hypotension, etc.) prior to surgery and the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale 6 month after surgery to determine the functional outcome. The International Mission for Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials form was modified by adding preoperative glucocorticosteroids and rehabilitation therapy. The SPSS database (15.0 version, Chicago Il.) was used. Central tendency measures and Fisher's test were applied. Thus, p ≤0.05 with a 95 % confidence interval was considered statistically significant.

Results. The predictive variables associated with a poor prognosis were motor response (p = 0.01), hypoxia and hypotension (p = 0.05). Alterations in motor response was associated with increased morbidity and mortality (RR: 10; 95 % CI: 3-22). Normal flexion was found in all patients with good recovery (p = 0.04).

Conclusion. As a result, 67 % of patients had a good functional result (moderate disability and good recovery). Mortality was 23 %. Preoperative motor response is a powerful prognostic factor in traumatic brain injury.
The Employee’s Right to Privacy Transformation: Digitalization Challenges
Authors: Serova A. V. , Shcherbakova O. V.
Published: October 2022

The development of digital technologies applied for electronic monitoring of employees, artificial intelligence systems and transition to remote employment have naturally lead to a change in the content of the employee’s right to privacy. The lack of generally binding international labor standards in the mentioned sphere creates prerequisites for the increasing role of local regulation and legitimation of judicial practice. The authors come to the conclusion that at the legislative level, not only the monitoring over the employee’s performance of labor functions, but also the process of dissemination and use of the data obtained in order to make other personnel decisions should be limited. The purpose of this research is to substantiate the assertion that in the context of digitalization it becomes necessary to consider the right of an employee to privacy as one of the fundamental principles of the legal regulation of labor relations.
Comparison of Map Visualization Techniques Used for Spatial and Spatio-Temporal Data: An Analytical Survey Applied to COVID-19 Data
Authors: Shaito Mohammad , Elmasri Ramez , Levine David
Published: October 2022

Currently, there are numerous techniques that are either in use or proposed for use for spatial and spatio-temporal visualization of data. Visualization techniques are commonly used in various areas including errands of daily life, weather, medical care, economics, social media, politics, and science, among many others. We have previously demonstrated the application of several tools and spatial data visualization techniques to visualize and analyze COVID-19 data. In this study, we aim to investigate the frequency of encounter and the extent and type of use of six data visualization techniques, namely: Choropleth maps, Heat maps, Hexagonal binning, Dot maps, Bubble maps, and Cartogram maps, using a survey of popular techniques.
Surgical Interventions as a Treatment Option for Severe Dysphagia with Intractable Aspiration: Concept, Indications, and Efficacy
Authors: Hyodo Masamitsu , Nagao Asuka , Tanaka Kaori
Published: October 2022

The incidence of dysphagia is increasing, particularly among the elderly according to varied of causes. Patients with severe dysphagia are unable to take food orally and are at risk for life-threatening aspiration pneumonia. Treatments for swallowing disorders focus on restoring oral food intake and preventing recurrent aspiration pneumonia. Therefore, swallowing rehabilitation and food texture modifications are essential. However, in cases with severe or progressive dysphagia, these conservative treatments may not restore oral feeding and prevent intractable aspiration pneumonia. In these cases, surgical interventions has recently been attracted as an alternative treatment option. In this article, we present its concept, indications, and efficacy. Surgeries to restore swallowing function address impaired pharyngolaryngeal motor function during the pharyngeal swallowing stage while preserving laryngeal functions. These procedures include laryngeal elevation, cricopharyngeal myotomy, and vocal cord medialization. Meanwhile, aspiration prevention surgeries reduce the risk of aspiration pneumonia by separating the lower respiratory tract from the pharynx and larynx. These procedures include total laryngectomy, laryngotracheal separation, and glottal closure; although they do not spare laryngeal functions, they prevent aspiration pneumonia completely, improve quality of life, and reduce the burden on caregivers. Clinicians should be aware of surgical interventions as a possible treatment option for intractable dysphagia. Establishment and popularization of the surgical indications are the future issues.
Aesthetic Medicine as Global Trend in Public Health: Concept of Legal Problems and Liability Issues from Latvian Perspective
Authors: Kudeikina Inga , Palkova Karina , Losevica Marina
Published: October 2022

Today, the concept of public health may be viewed much more broadly, considering both the meaning of the word “health,” which includes not only the physical state of a person, but also the emotional and psychological state. Public health is often understood only as health promotion, but it also includes occupational safety, occupational health, improvement of the health care system and other subfields. The public’s emotional health is also mentioned more often in the context of public health, which is based on considerations of aesthetics, i.e., aesthetic medicine manipulations changing person’s appearance. Advances in modern medicine are not only associated with disease prevention, diagnostics, treatment, rehabilitation, or patient care. That is, they are not solely related to human physical well-being and overcoming diseases. Medicine has gone beyond the boundaries of necessity and the opportunities that it provides are related to such categories as aesthetics, as the improvement of the body given by nature through medical procedures. Aesthetic medicine has brought to the forefront the subject that is relevant both at the national and international level and that is based on the question “What is beauty?” Considering the multifaceted nature of the word beauty, at the global level, there are certain obstacle to an agreement on a unified approach in the context of the legal framework for aesthetic medicine. The above can be explained by the diversity of relationships, opinions, and services.
Maternal and perinatal outcome in antepartum haemorrhage patients attending tertiary care hospital in central India: a prospective observational study
Authors: Anjankar Priyanka S. , Ramteke Sangeeta
Published: October 2022

Background: Antepartum haemorrhage (APH) is an emergency obstetrical condition that accounts for 2-5% of pregnancies and contributes to high level of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. The present study was undertaken to assess the incidence of APH and to determine the maternal and fetal outcome in women with APH.Methods: This study was conducted in 130 women diagnosed with APH (gestational age ≥28 weeks) admitted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, at tertiary care hospital in central India over a period of 18 months from January 2020 to June 2021.Results: The overall incidence of APH was 1.09% and majority of them had abruptio placentae (AP-53.08%) followed by placenta praevia (PP-38.46%) and unknown (UK-8.46%). Anaemia (90%) was the commonest maternal morbidity. A significant association found between APH type and HELLP infection (p<0.0001), PPH (p=0.028) and DIC (p<0.0001). Rate of maternal morality was 9.23% and commonest causes of mortality were renal failure and PPH (91.67% each). Most common neonatal morbidities were birth weight of <2.5 kgs (84.32%) and NICU admission (27.61%). APH type was significantly associated with birth weight (p<0.0001). Majority of neonates were born live (56.72%), 36.57% were IUDs, 6.72% were still born, and 14.18% were neonatal deaths. APH type was significantly associated with live births and IUDs, (p<0.0001).Conclusions: APH is still a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Most of the patients were booked at other centres and were presented late with complications at the time of admission. Both these factors have contributed significantly to the incidence of APH as well as maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Behaviours and educational effect on the improvement of self-care among the diabetics
Authors: Aljuhani Faisal Ahmad , Aloqbi Waleed Jamal , Alshakhs Israa Aqeel , Ali Hawra Baqer Al , Abbad Bayan Emad Al , Qari Abdulaziz Abdulbasit , Alburaidi Omar Mohammed , Aldablan Ahmed Saud , Alruwaili Abeer Nahi , Alharbi Faisal Fahad , Alghamdi Ashwaq Ali
Published: October 2022

Globally diabetes causes a huge burden due its significant morbidity and mortality. In year 2019 almost 4.2 million people died from diabetic complications. Self-care is essential in management of diabetes since lifestyle modifications can successfully help in preventing diabetes associated complications. People with diabetes should engage in self-care practices to manage their condition. Diabetes education is essential to improve self-care for patients with the disease. The purpose of this research is to review the available information behaviours and educational effect on the improvement of self-care among the diabetics. A key element of diabetic management is sufficient knowledge of the disease as more education can develop a sense of empowerment and improve quality of life of patients. Patients with diabetes have demands that extend beyond just maintaining optimal glucose control and include preventing complications, limiting their impairment, and receiving rehabilitation. Healthy diet, exercise, blood sugar monitoring, adherence to medicine, strong problem-solving abilities, healthy coping mechanisms, and risk-reduction behaviours are the seven fundamental self-care behaviours in people with diabetes that predict positive results. Patient self-care is a cornerstone of diabetes care and is thought to increase patients' effectiveness in managing their condition by increasing awareness of the disease and enhancing prevention. It is evident from the available literature that diabetes education promotes self-care which has positive impact on health outcome and helps in managing the metabolic markers. Self-care among patients can only be encouraged through proper education at all healthcare levels.
A profile of ocular trauma in patients attending tertiary care center, North Karnataka
Authors: Sao Piyushi , Vallabha K
Published: October 2022

: Visual deprivation is one of the most significant deficits recorded by humans. One can say ocular trauma is as old as human civilization. The ocular deformity is very evident in all facial injuries. Despite having a significant socio-economic impact, very little data is available on ocular trauma's magnitude & risk factors.

To investigate the distribution of ocular injuries in and around the Vijayapura District.

: From November 2019 to April 2021, the research was carried out at Tertiary care hospital in north karnataka. A total of 100 patients attending casualty and outpatient departments with a history of both mechanical and non-mechanical trauma were included. All cases were subjected to a thorough ocular examination of the anterior and posterior regions. Investigations were conducted wherever they were required.

: Ocular trauma was more common in males (83%) and in the 20-30 year age group. In mechanical injury, close globe injuries included 18% contusion and 20% lamellar laceration. 16% were penetrating injuries, 6% were rupture, and 34% were adnexal injuries in open globe injury. 83% of cases were from a rural background, and 17% were from an urban background. Majority of patients presented within 6 hours of trauma to our center. The most commonly affected structures were the eyelid and adnexa in this study.

:  Road traffic accidents were the most common cause of ocular trauma. This necessitates the implementation of improved road safety measures in this region.
Ophthalmic manifestations of facial nerve palsy
Authors: Baruah Ankur , Rahman Md Imdadur , Deb Shibashis , Khangembam Priya Lakshmi , Saki C T A , Leshini Athili
Published: October 2022

The aim of this study was to identify the ophthalmologic clinical features manifestations of facial nerve palsy patients.

: In this observational study we have analyzed 50 eyes from 50 facial nerve palsy patients who were referred to our ophthalmic clinic.

Ophthalmic drops, ointment were prescribed according to symptoms, taping was conducted in all eyes.

60% of the Bell’s palsy patients treated with prednisolone alone acyclovir-prednisolone (depending on the pathology) recovered within 5 months. An invasive procedure like temporary tarsorrhaphy was carried out in 5 patients permanent tarsorrhaphy in 3 patients.

2 patients underwent temporal bone decompression surgery. 3 patients developed corneal opacity with severe visual impairment despite surgical intervention, ophthalmic ointment, taping. Signs had improved in 75% of patients (lagophthalmos), 90% (corneal epithelium defect), 60% (epiphora). The ophthalmic clinical features of facial nerve palsy were mainly corneal lesion and eyelid malposition, and their clinical course improved after invasive procedures. The prognosis and ophthalmic signs were worse than in cases of simple facial palsy. Understanding these differences will help the ophthalmologist take care of patients with facial nerve palsy.
Clinical profile of patients with aqueous deficient dry eye
Authors: Sivaraman G  , Padma M
Published: October 2022

The main objective of our study is to assess aqueous deficient dry eye in the study population consisting of various age and gender distribution and to identify the factors which are responsible for aqueous deficient dry eye.

: All patients with dry eye presented to the eye care center in Telangana, in South India were examined in detail to know the demographics and risk factors responsible for dry eye. Patients who presented with dry eye were examined with detailed histories such as occupational history, family history, and drug and systemic history. These patients were also subjected to visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, Schirmer's test, fluorescein stain, and tear film breakup time. A prospective observational study was carried out on 100 patients over 12 months from July 2021 to June 2022.

: Demographics such as age, gender, occupation, patient symptoms, signs, associated systemic diseases, and investigations results were all evaluated.

Dry eye is one of the health problems which is more prevalent in the current digital world. Though it may appear as a minor issue it leads to a lot of discomforts to the patient eyes such as itching. Patients observed in our study were categorized into primary Sjogren syndrome, secondary Sjogren syndrome, and non-Sjogren syndrome. These patients were carefully evaluated and treated according to ocular signs and severity.
Ocular and systemic symptoms in digital devices users: A comparative study between pre and post COVID era
Authors: Chaurasiya Ritesh Kumar , Gupta Akansha
Published: October 2022

Use of digital devices like mobiles, tablets, laptops had increased with the advancement of time and technology as well as during COVID-19 pandemic. These digital devices have tendency to cause number of visual, ocular and systemic symptoms. The purpose of this study was to find the association between various ocular, visual and systemic symptoms with the duration of using digital devices.

: An online Google questionnaire consisting of demographic information and pre tested questionnaires of symptoms related was distributed using social platforms. The responses were analysed using different statistical tests that included one way ANOVA, pearson Correlation and paired t-test. Statistical significance was considered if P < 0.05.

: During lockdown, most of the participants were using the digital devices for more than 6 hours daily (68%). 88 (40%) of the respondents were using two digital devices and 24 respondents (10.9%) were using more than two digital devices during lockdown. Ocular symptoms including watering of eyes (P = 0.002), dry eyes (P = 0.006) and painful eyes (P = 0.011) showed positive correlation with hours of using digital devices during lockdown. Similarly, neck pain (P = 0.000) and shoulder pain (P = 0.009) were the major systemic symptoms associated with increasing hour of digital devices use.

Increasing exposure to the multiple digital devices have negative impact on ocular and systemic symptoms.
Evaluating the effect of donor and recipient factors on graft survival after penetrating keratoplasty
Authors: Singh Manisha , Waskel Preeti , Kubrey Sooraj , Dubey Aditi , Kumar Kavita
Published: October 2022

Corneal diseases are one of the leading causes of visual loss and blindness, after cataracts and glaucoma across the globe. Management of corneal blindness requires corneal transplantation which is dependent on voluntary corneal donations and needs tremendous post-operative care and follow-up. The success of the procedure depends upon various donor and recipient factors that need to be studied.

A prospective study was conducted in the eye bank of the tertiary care eye center in central India after getting the approval of the institutional ethical committee. A total of 26 eyes of 13 donors were studied, out of which 23 eyes underwent penetrating keratoplasty, among these, 3 eyes underwent therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty, 16 eyes underwent optical penetrating keratoplasty and 4 eyes underwent triple procedures. Recipients were followed up at 1 week, 1 month, and 3rd months, and data were analyzed.

Graft survival was significantly better in the recipients without pre-operative corneal vascularization (p=0.004). Corneas from a donor with open eyelids showed significantly poor graft survival. This was statistically significant (p= 0.047). On the other hand, based on donor lens status, we did not find any difference in the survival of the graft.

Practices like lid closure and eye drop installation should be promoted from the time of death, for preserving donor tissue quality. HCRP should be promoted and practiced at the national level as it is effective in increasing the rate of eye donation and positively affects graft outcomes.