bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of cumulative rainfall and rainfall event–duration threshold based on triggering and non-triggering rainfalls: Northern Thailand case
Authors: Chinkulkijniwat Avirut , Salee Rattana , Yubonchit Somjai , La Duong Hai , Horpibulsuk Suksun , Hoy Menglim
Published: January 2025

A recently introduced rainfall threshold for landslide early warning systems combined a cumulative rainfall threshold with a rainfall event–duration (ED) threshold. Cumulative rainfall with rainfall event–duration, known as the CED threshold, was reported to perform better than the conventional ED threshold. However, the establishment of the CED threshold was based on a frequentist approach which required an adequate number of landslide-triggering rainfall data. An alternative to the use of landslide-triggering rainfall data is the use of non-triggering rainfall data. These rainfall events supply much bigger amount of data to the susceptibility model. Although the establishment of a rainfall threshold based on non-triggering rainfall events is seldom considered, previous scholars reported that this approach has produced better results than the conventional approach based on landslide-triggering events. This study investigates the reliability and prediction performance of the CED threshold based on non-triggering rainfall data. The performance of this threshold, designated as the negative-CED (CEDN) threshold, was compared with the positive-CED (CEDP) threshold based on landslide-triggering rainfall data. North Thailand, a landslide hot spot, was chosen as the study area. The proposed threshold was assessed from three skill scores, including (1) the true positive fraction (TPF), (2) the false positive fraction (FPF), and (3) the positive predictive value (PPV), and their variations over the range of threshold uncertainties. Rather than possessing lower uncertainties of the threshold parameters, the negative threshold provided better compromise predictions of TPF and FPF scores than the positive thresholds. Integrating the cumulative rainfall threshold and an event-based rainfall threshold resulted in a significant improvement in FPF scores, and hence enhanced the compromise predictions of TPF and FPF scores. Keeping in mind that the negative thresholds were not established from landslide data, care must be taken when using these thresholds and it is recommended that they should be applied only to areas where landslide data are limited.
Desmopressin prescription safety in adult inpatients: a real-world tertiary centre experience
Authors: Arshad Muhammad Fahad , Solanki Sam , Dancyger-Stevens Luka , Karunanayaka Madushani , Loh Ee-Wen , Htoon Kyaw Naing , Turki Mohanad , Munir Alia
Published: January 2025

Omissions or delays in desmopressin can result in serious patient harm in patients with arginine vasopressin deficiency (AVP-D), formally known as cranial diabetes insipidus. Desmopressin administration practice in hospitals has not been thoroughly investigated previously. This study evaluated desmopressin prescription and administration practice at a large tertiary centre. A retrospective electronic case notes review of all admissions (≥24 h) with AVP-D between 2018 and 2021 at Sheffield Teaching Hospitals was undertaken. The outcomes were defined as the total number of missed and delayed doses, time to prescription and administration from admission and incidence of dysnatraemias. A qualitative survey to determine knowledge of AVP-D and desmopressin among staff members was also carried out. In total, 102 admissions were identified, of which 38% of admissions were via emergency department (ED). The total number of missed and delayed doses were 132/1315 (10.0%) and 139/1283 (10.9%), respectively. Of all admissions, 33% had ≥1 missed doses, while ≥1 doses were delayed in 54% admissions. ED rates of desmopressin prescription were low at 5%. The most common reasons documented for missed or delayed doses were unavailability of desmopressin followed by inability of the patient to take the medication. Median (interquartile range) prescription and administration times from admission were 5.6 (2.7–10.7) and 15.1 (8.7–27.0) h, respectively. The incidence of inpatient hypernatraemia and hyponatraemia was 7.6 and 30.4%, respectively. The staff survey showed below-average knowledge of the condition, advocating for an urgent need for education.

Plain language summary

AVP-D is a life-threatening condition requiring desmopressin to prevent severe dehydration and death. During hospitalisation, these patients are more vulnerable due to restricted desmopressin access and a lack of awareness among hospital staff. This study evaluates desmopressin prescription practice at a large European hospital and confirms that delays occur frequently in real world. We recommend that desmopressin should be listed as a critical drug and education packages should be introduced for hospital staff.
La Ensoñación de la materia. Fuerzas que mueven las películas The Boogie Woogie Ghost y Puebla de María Jerez y Silvia Zayas
Authors: Pérez Royo Victoria
Published: January 2025

En este texto estudio las películas The Boogie Woogie Ghost y Puebla de María Jerez y Silvia Zayas desde algunas tensiones y fuerzas que las atraviesan y que las vinculan con otras piezas escénicas, fílmicas, exposiciones, conferencias, y tesis doctorales de ellas y de artistas afines. Algunas de estas fuerzas son seducción y encantamiento de la mirada, atención a las dimensiones de lo invisible; deseo de incertidumbre, visión compleja de la fábrica imaginativa del mundo, curiosidad por los lugares y cosas de lo cotidiano y lo íntimo, o la ensoñación de la materia, entre otras.
Documentalismos contemporáneos y narrativas judiciales: inflexiones sobre la construcción de la verdad en la escena y las pantallas españolas
Authors: Ortega María Luisa
Published: January 2025

El artículo propone una reflexión sobre las prácticas documentales en el cine y el teatro contemporáneos a través de manifestaciones que adoptan la forma de las narrativas judiciales. Presenta, como introducción, un bosquejo teórico de las perspectivas desde las que se ha pensado la expansión concomitante del documentalismo en diferentes campos artísticos. Tras ello, plantea ciertos ejes de inflexión en la representación de procesos legales y judiciales en el audiovisual y las artes escénicas en relación con las problemáticas de la construcción de la verdad en las sociedades contemporáneas. A partir de este bagaje teórico y contextual, analiza un conjunto de obras producidas en España en los últimos años que permiten diferentes aproximaciones a las cuestiones planteadas: El pan y la sal (Raúl Quirós / Andrés Lima, 2015-2018); Ruz/Bárcenas (Jordi Casanovas / Alberto San Juan, 2014) y B (David Ilundáin, 2015); Jauría (Jordi Casanovas / Miguel del Arco, 2017); Sumario 3/94 (Vicente Arlandis, 2017); y El jurado (Virginia García del Pino, 2012).
ОСНОВНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ И ФАКТОРЫ, ОПРЕДЕЛЯЮЩИЕ ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТЬ АМИНОКИСЛОТНЫХ ПОСЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬНОСТЕЙ CYTB АЗИАТСКИХ СКАЛЬНЫХ ПОЛЕВОК (ALTICOLA, RODENTIA, ARVICOLINAE)
Authors: КОВАЛЕВА В.Ю. , МОРОЛДОЕВ И.В. , ЛИТВИНОВ Ю.Н. , ЕФИМОВ К.В. , ЕФИМОВ В.М.
Published: January 2025

Проведен статистический анализ изменчивости аминокислотного состава митохондриального белка CYTBазиатских скальных полевок р. Alticola. Последовательности (N = 36; 380 а. о.) взяты из GenBankвместе c сопутствующей информацией об их географической принадлежности. Вычислены частоты аминокислот для каждой последовательности и матрица квадратов евклидовых расстояний между ними, по которой методом главных координат рассчитаны главные компоненты (principal component - PC). В пространстве первых двух PC (Σλ = 76,89 %) все последовательности группируются в соответствии с их видовой принадлежностью, образуя восточно-сибирскую (A. strelzowi, A. olchonensis, A. semicanus, A. tuvinicus), южную (A. stracheyi, A. argentatus, A. albicaudus, A. stoliczkanus, A. barakshin) и северо-восточную (A. lemminus, A. macrotis) группы. В направлении PC1 происходит изменение частот Met, Gly, Ile → Ala, Thr, компонента высоко коррелирует с большим подмножеством AA-индексов (N= 362 при p-value <0,01 с учетом множественных сравнений по Бонферрони) и средним эволюционным рангом последовательностей CYTB. В направлении PC2 изменяются частоты Val, Phe → Leu. Это направление демонстрирует значимые корреляции с широтой ( r = 752; p < 0,001), высотой ( r = -717; p < 0,01) местности, 21 климатической переменной местообитаний полевок и 54 AA-индексами.

A statistical analysis of the variability in the amino acid composition of the mitochondrial protein CYTB of Asian mountain voles of the genus Alticola was carried out. Sequences (N = 36; 380 a. a.) were taken from GenBank along with accompanying information about their geographical location. The frequencies of amino acids for each sequence and the matrix of squared Euclidean distances between them were calculated, from which the principal components (PC) were calculated using the principal coordinate method. In the space of the first two PCs (Σλ = 76.89 %), all sequences are grouped according to their species, forming the East Siberian (A. strelzowi, A. olchonensis, A. semicanus, A. tuvinicus), southern (A. stracheyi, A. argentatus, A. albicaudus, A. stoliczkanus, A. barakshin) and the northeastern group (A. lemminus, A. macrotis). Mutational pressure in the PC1 direction leads to a change in the frequencies of Met, Gly, Ile → Ala, Thr, which strongly correlates with a large subset of AA indices and the average evolutionary rank of CYTB sequences (N = 362 with p -value < 0.01 taking into account multiple comparisons according to Bonferroni). In the PC2 direction, the frequencies Val, Phe → Leu change. This direction reveals significant correlations with latitude, altitude, 21 climatic variables of vole habitats and 54 AA indices.
The Interaction Between Critical Thinking, Education and Belief in Conspiracy Theories among Young People (Aged 25–30)
Authors: Butvilauskaitė Gintarė , Mikuličiūtė Vita
Published: January 2025

The goal of educational institutions (especially universities) is to foster critical thinking. However, with the rising popularity of social media and the rapid spread of unchecked information there, more and more people, especially young ones, are inclined to believe in conspiracy theories. This raises the question of whether university students are truly being taught critical thinking skills that would help combat misinformation. Therefore, this study attempts to analyze the interaction between education, critical thinking, and belief in conspiracy theories among young people (aged 25–30). The study involved 73 participants (M = 26.9; SD = 1.7). 36 have a university education (bachelor’s or master’s degree), 37 a nonuniversity education (secondary, secondary with professional qualification, or nonuniversity bachelor’s degree). Participants were provided with instruments to determine their level of belief in conspiracy theories and their critical thinking. The results show that critical thinking fully mediates the relationship between education and belief in conspiracy theories. Additionally, individuals with a university education have a higher level of critical thinking and are less likely to believe in conspiracy theories compared to those without a university education. Finally, a significant negative correlation was found between the critical thinking of young people and their belief in conspiracy theories.
ФІСКАЛЬНА ПОЛІТИКА СУЧАСНОГО КИТАЮ: ГЛОБАЛЬНІ ТА ЛОКАЛЬНІ ВИКЛИКИ
Authors: СТЕПАНОВА Олена , ДЕГТЯРЬ Наталія
Published: January 2025

Фіскальну політику сучасного Китаю спрямовано на підтримку зміни типу «економічне зростання високих темпів» на «економічне зростання високої якості», що передбачає формування нових виробничих сил. Однак посилення геоекономічної фрагментації, декаплінг економіки Китаю і США, демографічний перехід і зростання боргового навантаження стають викликами резильєнтності публічних фінансів країни.
    Визначено особливості й заходи сучасної фіскальної політики Китаю в умовах загострення глобальної економічної конфронтації, аргументовано необхідність проведення фіскального коригування для подолання внутрішніх макроекономічних і фіскальних дисбалансів. Проведено аналіз динаміки і структури надходжень і витрат бюджетів різних рівнів КНР протягом останнього десятиріччя, визначено чинники їх зміни; систематизовано й здійснено аналітичну оцінку факторів впливу на сучасний стан публічних фінансів КНР. Показано, що виклики виробничої дезінтеграції і макроекономічні дисбаланси обумовлюють тиск на надходження до бюджетів різних рівнів.
     Демографічні виклики, спричинені зростанням довголіття населення Китаю, зменшенням народжуваності й старінням населення, тиснуть на державні витрати і зумовлюватимуть їх зростання в середньостроковій перспективі. Вагомим викликом стійкості публічних фінансів Китаю стає збільшення місцевого боргу, в тому числі через зростання неявних боргів місцевих фінансових механізмів. Для стимулювання «економічного зростання високої якості» в Китаї вжито заходів податкового навантаження на суб’єктів господарювання. Розширення фіскального простору здійснюється шляхом випуску спеціальних довгострокових облігацій, доходи від яких направлятимуться на фінансування проєктів, у тому числі у сфері високотехнологічного виробництва. Зроблено висновки, що фіскальна політика Китаю адаптується до нової економічної реальності й забезпечує формування нового типу економічного зростання. Проте пошук балансу між стимулюванням подальшого зростання китайської економіки в умовах глобальних і локальних викликів і підтримкою фіскальної стійкості стає основним завданням фіскальної політики Китаю на майбутнє.
Comparing Midline and Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters: A Randomized Feasibility Trial
Authors: Burek Alina G. , Porada Kelsey , Plunk Matthew R. , Corey Bauer Sarah , Liegl Melodee , Pan Amy , Flynn Kathryn E. , Brousseau David C. , Gedeit Reiner , Ullman Amanda J.
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVES

The most effective use of midline catheters in children is not understood. We aimed to (1) test the feasibility of a trial comparing peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) to midline catheters in hospitalized children in need of durable vascular access and (2) collect preliminary effectiveness data of the 2 devices.

METHODS

Our study combined a single site, randomized controlled feasibility trial (RCT, primary study) and a prospective observational study (alternative study) comparing PICCs to midline catheters. Hospitalized children aged 2 to 17 years in need of noncentral, medium-term vascular access (5–14 days) were enrolled for 1 year. The primary outcome of the RCT was a 4-measure feasibility outcome, and we had an enrollment goal of 30 participants/arm. Effectiveness outcomes (both studies) included time-to-device removal and all-cause failure.

RESULTS

Between August 2022 and August 2023, only 43 of 260 screened patients met eligibility criteria because of a decrease in eligible PICCs. A total of 35 patients were enrolled: 8 out of 10 in the RCT (4/arm) and 27 out of 33 in the alternative study (21 midline catheters, 6 PICCs). The RCT eligibility goal was not met. The other feasibility measures were met: (1) 80% of eligible patients enrolled, (2) 100% of eligible patients received the assigned intervention, (3) 96% of inserters found the study acceptable, and (4) there were no missing data.

CONCLUSIONS

Because of a decrease in PICC use for noncentral, medium-term vascular access needs, a trial comparing devices may not be practical for assessing the effective use of midline catheters in hospitalized children. Next steps may include a hybrid effectiveness-implementation study evaluating an intravenous catheter selection algorithm that incorporates midline catheters.
THE BODY OF «GENERAL AI» AS AN ONTO-SOCIAL VERIFIER
Authors: BESKARAVAINYI Stanislav
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the article: to clarify the role of the body used by the AGI as a verifier of its cognitive activity.It is shown that the concept of «embodied mind» potentially removes the basic contradiction of general AI: cognitive activity cannot be fully reflected, and the technogenic nature of AI requires the maximization of self-reflection. The body for general AI can be a tool for overcoming the limitations of Gödel’s incompleteness theorem.A contradiction is described: between the need for the widest possible use of publicly available “digital twins”, collective knowledge of the world and the need for general AI to have an ontological verifier as the basis for its own subjectivity. A form of manifestation of this contradiction can be considered as restriction of access to the results of research conducted by AI: secrecy reduces the capabilities of general AI as a subject, but increases its independence as an individual;It has been proven that the body of general AI cannot be a sufficient ontological verifier; cooperation with other subjects and the use of sensors external to its body are necessary;It has been shown that while maintaining the rate of development of communications, the body of general AI, as an individual, can be considered as part of the technosphere, which it controls better than all other AI. The independence of general AI, as an individual, is ensured by using the body as a verifier of social interactions. And the body of general AI, as a subject, is that part of the technosphere which it sets goals and correlates with reality better than other subjects;The dynamic nature of the corporeality of general AI has been established: in the context of the rapid development of artificial intelligence capabilities, it is necessary to constantly improve your body and deepen its reflection for use as a verifier in both senses;It has been established that the body of general AI, upon achieving a balance of ontological and social verification, can be an instrument for removing the contradiction between AI, as an individual, and AI, as a subject.However, the problem of the relationship between the concepts of “verifier of social interactions” and “social body” remains unanalyzed.
ETHICS BY DESIGN AND RECONSIDERATION OF THE SUBJECT-OBJECT IN THE DIGITAL ERA
Authors: PAVLOVA Tetiana , PAVLOV Roman
Published: January 2025

Purpose: Development of conceptual foundations of ethics by design and rethinking of subject-object relations in the context of digital ethics for the formation of more effective approaches to the design and management of ethically responsible technologies.Design / Method / Approach: The research is based on an interdisciplinary approach combining methods of philosophical analysis, ethics, sociology of technology and research in the field of human-computer interaction. The methods of conceptual modeling, ethical analysis of technologies and scenario forecasting are used.Findings: Considered approaches to the formation of a conceptual model of distributed ethical responsibility in complex sociotechnical systems. Proposed methodological approaches to the integration of ethical considerations at various stages of the life cycle of digital products. The potential of the ethics of care to solve the problems of vulnerability and dependence in the digital environment is investigated.Theoretical implications: The work contributes to the development of the theory of technology ethics, offering a new perspective on the interaction between ethical principles and the processes of designing digital systems. The research expands the understanding of subject-object relations in the context of modern technologies.Practical implications: The proposed approaches can be used to create methodologies for the ethical design of digital products, the formation of policies for the responsible use of technologies in organizations, and the development of educational programs on the ethics of technologies for engineers and designers.Originality / Value: The novelty of the research lies in the development of an integrative approach to ethics by design that takes into account changes in subject-object relations in the digital age. The proposed approach is aimed at expanding the capabilities of existing models of ethical design and explores new perspectives for creating ethically responsible digital technologies.Research limitations / Future research: Prospects include empirical testing of proposed models, development of specific tools for ethical audit of digital systems, and research into cultural aspects of the perception of ethics by design . The limitations are related to the rapid development of technologies, which may require constant adaptation of the proposed approaches.Paper type: Theoretical.
ANTHROPIC PRINCIPLE OF WORLDVIEW STRUCTURE
Authors: POGORELOV Oleg , KARPENKO Myroslava
Published: January 2025

Three basic elements of worldview are revealed – «I», Nature, Absolute, which form the sphere of human spiritual culture.Man is physically a part of nature, but through consciousness he is internally separated from it. Man is internally separated from nature through the act of self-identification of consciousness in himself. This is not a cognitive but a being act, by which the «I» as the selfhood of man is unconditionally assumed. Self-identified consciousness is constantly correlated with Nature as a whole as a spiritual entity, in which capacity it exists as a structural element of the worldview. Man is internally separated from the Nature, not by his thought or imagination, but by his self-consciousness, i. e. by the spiritual being, distinct from the material being of the Nature. The «I» has its basis not in man’s biological constitution, i. e., not in the external but in the internal. This basis is the Absolute, with which the «I» is spontaneously related, and outside of which it cannot exist. The Absolute is the reality which exhausts all being and, as such, possesses the ultimate fullness of being, it is eternally primordial, and in relation to all that exists apart from it, it acts as the universal generating beginning. The Absolute is characterized as absolutely unconditional, is the spiritual source of all that exists – the world as a whole. The other two basic elements - Nature and man are two types of spiritual-material integrity – the spiritual component of both is a reflection of the Absolute that created them.The actual expression of the spontaneous correlation of the «I» with the Absolute is spiritual creativity, which is expressed in the production of mythological, religious-symbolic and speculative ideas about the Absolute and in the construction on this basis, respectively, mythological, religious and philosophical pictures of the world.
PARTNER CITIES: HISTORICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
Authors: PETRYK Oleh
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the study of the historical context of the cities’ development as subjects of international relations, their evolutionary transformation from political and security unions, through political and religious unions to large agglomerations capable of conducting independent international activities, taking into account their own socio-economic, cultural and educational interests of their residents. Using an interdisciplinary approach that combines historical, legal, political science, and management disciplines, the author has revealed the multifaceted use of such concepts as «partner cities», «twin cities», «municipal cooperation», «decentralized cooperation of cities» etc., which proves that their use as synonymous definitions indicating a non-governmental, horizontal international level of cooperation between individual local actors is not sufficiently regulated.The study outlined the criteria for selecting a partner city. The historical way of the formation of global and regional international organizations and associations of municipalities, which developed recommendations for in-depth cooperation between cities of different political systems to exchange experience, deepening of cooperation in the environment of modern management in the context of urbanization, is highlighted. It is proved that such initiatives are based on intercultural cooperation, the foundations of the international and national law, which strengthens the reputation and foreign policy integration strategies of the state as a whole. It has been found that often in the process of decentralization, localization, and manifestation of their own subjectivity, cities are more effective and faster in making decisions, establishing international forms of cooperation, and implementing the most important projects.
FEATURES OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF POLITICAL AND INSTITUTIONAL COMMUNICATION RELATIONS WITH THE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE DIGITALIZATION PROCESS
Authors: PETROV Pavlo
Published: January 2025

The rapid development of digital technologies has fundamentally changed political-institutional communication relations, changing the dynamics between internal and external environments. As part of the research, based on classical methodology, a theoretical analysis of the transformation of political-institutional communication relations with the internal and external environment under the influence of the digitalization process is carried out. The study examines the specifics of such transformations in the context of digitalization, emphasizing the institutional challenges for political institutions, internal and external environments, namely, primarily environmental engagement and institutional accountability. As part of the study, the basic characteristics of digital communication were defined, including increased accessibility, real-time interaction and the spread of various information channels. It also highlights issues related to misinformation, polarization and the digital divide that can complicate the relationship between institutions and their constituents. The conclusions state that digitalization is a transformative force in the modern political space, it transforms how political institutions interact with the internal and external environment, as well as how political institutions develop and implement political innovations. While the digitalization process offers significant transformative, innovative opportunities to enhance democratic engagement, digitalization also poses institutional challenges that need to be addressed to ensure that the benefits of digitalization are realized without compromising democratic values. The obtained results emphasize the need for adaptive strategies that use digitalization to strengthen democratic processes while mitigating their negative consequences. This research contributes to understanding the interaction between technology and political communication, offering insights for policymakers and scholars interested in navigating the complexities of the digital age.
INNOVATIVE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN ELECTION POLITICAL COMMUNICATIONS
Authors: RUDNIEVA Anna
Published: January 2025

The article delves into the transformative role of digital technologies in modern electoral campaigns. The author emphasizes the role of social media in shaping public opinion. The study uses examples such as Joe Biden’s and Kamala Harris’s campaigns to illustrate how these tools can enhance visibility and engagement. The article notes that while social media significantly impacts voter awareness and fundraising, it does not guarantee electoral victories. Mobile applications are highlighted as another critical component of political strategies. The study examines India’s Namo app, which showcases how technology can foster direct communication between political leaders and citizens while collecting valuable data for campaign strategies. The author also addresses the risks associated with these technologies. The use of AI to create deepfakes and spread disinformation poses ethical and security challenges. The text concludes that while digital technologies offer immense opportunities for enhancing electoral communication, they also require robust ethical guidelines and regulatory oversight. By analyzing various tools, practices, and case studies, the article underscores the dual role of innovative information technologies in electoral communications: as catalysts for engagement and as potential vectors for manipulation. This duality necessitates a balanced approach that leverages technological benefits while safeguarding democratic principles.
NEW «PARASITIC CLASS»: ON THE CONCEPT OF MIKHAIL VOSLENSKY
Authors: SAVCHENKO Serhii , PROKOFIEVA Kateryna , RESHETILOVA Oksana
Published: January 2025

The article explores the phenomenon of the nomenklatura as a unique socio-political institution in the context of democratic transformations within post-Soviet societies. An analysis of Mikhail Voslensky’s works reveals the mechanisms of nomenklatura functioning and aids in understanding the structural challenges of overcoming the totalitarian legacy. The core of the article focuses on a comparative analysis of Voslensky’s concept. Born in Ukraine, Voslensky had a successful career within the Soviet system before emigrating to West Germany in 1972. His seminal work, «Nomenklatura» (1980), presents a critical analysis of the revolutionary movement’s transformation into a new ruling class. Voslensky identifies the nomenklatura as a distinct class that uses a system of privileges to maintain its dominance and exert social control. He meticulously documents the institutional mechanisms of nomenklatura domination, uncovering the interplay between party hierarchy and material privileges. Particular attention is paid to the subordination of the security forces to party control through mechanisms of the Central Committee, which minimized risks to the nomenklatura system. The article includes a comparative analysis of Voslensky’s and Milovan Djilas’s approaches to the «new class» of socialist societies. Unlike Djilas, who believed in the potential of «true» communism, Voslensky fully breaks away from the system. He refutes the thesis about the nomenklatura’s modernizing role, pointing instead to the robust developmental dynamics of pre-revolutionary Russia. The study identifies limitations and shortcomings in Voslensky’s concept. Despite his profound analysis of the Soviet nomenklatura, Voslensky failed to recognize similar mechanisms of social stratification within Western democracies. His excessive idealization of the West hindered the application of his theory to a broader context of elite formation in various state systems. Additionally, Voslensky’s research, rooted primarily in personal experience, does not adequately explore the historical and cultural nature of the nomenklatura, its genesis, or potential analogs in other systems. Nonetheless, his theoretical contributions provide a valuable foundation for developing new models of democratic governance.
Autoridade e ciência
Authors: Rodrigues Lisboa Marcia , Fazzioni Natália
Published: January 2025

O artigo evoca o contexto da pandemia da COVID-19 em território brasileiro, sobretudo em seus meses iniciais, analisando o acionamento de médicos como fontes de informação de produtos jornalísticos ou de materiais elaborados por múltiplos atores em diferentes plataformas. Põe-se, assim, em relevo o debate sobre a autoridade canônica desses profissionais, ressaltando o dissenso dos posicionamentos apresentados nos produtos estudados. Com base em uma pesquisa que buscou mapear narrativas sobre a COVID-19 em diferentes mídias, analisamos as formas como os temas são abordados, a caracterização desses profissionais e o uso das narrativas atribuídas a eles. Os dados foram extraídos de duas agências de verificação brasileiras, entre março e setembro de 2020. Dois aspectos são centrais à reflexão proposta: o cenário de hiperconexão como facilitador de disputas narrativas, ao propiciar um ambiente gerador de desinformação; e a conformação da ideia de uma disputa em torno da noção de verdade, embalada por diferentes posicionamentos políticos diante da pandemia.
Ma'na Cum Maghza as Sahiron Syamsuddin's Approach to the Science of the Qur'an and Tafsir
Authors: Sa'dina Ahmad Midrar , Muhammad Farhan
Published: January 2025

The relevance of how the Al-Qur’an is interpreted in the modern day is explicitly covered in this essay. This approach’s primary goal is to investigate the meaning and historical relevance of the verses under interpretation and then transform that historical significance into dynamic significance. The following procedures are used to determine historical meaning and significance: (a) textual analysis, (b) intratextuality, (c) intertextuality, (d) examination of the historical setting in which the verse was revealed, and (e) reconstruction of the verse’s major meaning. To determine the verse’s dynamic significance, the following procedures are followed: (a) classifying the verse, (b) contextualizing and re-actualizing the verse’s significance, (c) identifying the verse’s symbolic meaning, and (d) fortifying the verse’s construction with knowledge to assist others. It is impossible to divorce the research methodology employed in this study from the realization of the ma’na-cum-maghza approach’s urgency. Because content analysis is used in this study, Sahiron’s work in applying the ma’na-cum-maghza methodology to QS Al-Maidah (5): 51 may be thoroughly examined. Similarly, the qualitative method used in this study can interpret ma’na-cum-maghza in the context of today, particularly in light of modern interpretations, which are supported by information the author gathered from books, documents, journals, and notes. Some observations about Ma’na-cum-Maghza. The author explains the connecting bridge as an explanation of ma’na-cum-maghza by utilizing source triangulation to find the validity of the data and sample Q 5:51, which Sahiron interpreted. This produces research that is compatible with the disclosure of the urgency of ma’na-cum-maghza.
Interweaving Religious Dialogue: Dynamics and Conflict Resolution Between Islam and Judaism
Authors: Hermawan Ucep , Muhlas Muhlas
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this research is to explore the dynamics of Islamic-Jewish dialogue and the conflict resolution efforts undertaken between these two religions. This study employs a qualitative approach, utilizing a literature review method to collect and analyze data from various sources. The findings reveal several key points: first, the conflict between Islam and Judaism is often identified with the Israel-Palestine conflict, which represents a significant international issue. Second, Islamic-Jewish dialogue remains limited, with notable efforts emerging only in recent years, such as those led by Imam Shamsi Ali (Islam) and Rabbi Marc (Judaism) in the United States. These dialogues aim to foster mutual understanding by emphasizing that all religions fundamentally strive for human salvation, while acts of violence in the name of religion stem from individual actions rather than representing religious institutions. This study contributes to the discourse on interfaith dialogue by highlighting the potential of Islamic-Jewish dialogue as a tool for conflict resolution and promoting peace.
Czy Henryk Bitterfeld napisał dla królowej Jadwigi „Żywot świętej Jadwigi Śląskiej”? (Dominikanie na dworze Jadwigi Andegaweńskiej)
Authors: Turek Jakub
Published: January 2025

W artykule została omówiona kwestia autorstwa Henryka Bitterfelda rzekomego „Żywota św. Jadwigi”. Dzieło o takim tytule było wymieniane w kolejnych katalogach prac dominikanina, choć jego tekst nie jest znany. Przeprowadzona w artykule analiza wykazała, że nie ma żadnych przesłanek pozwalających łączyć Bitterfelda ze wspominanym utworem. W jego dorobku nie ma innych hagiografii. Postać św. Jadwigi Śląskiej nie wpisuje się także w model hagiograficzny promowany przez bliskich Bitterfeldowi obserwantów. Chybione są również próby łączenia „Żywota św. Jadwigi” ze śląskim pochodzeniem jego domniemanego autora. Ponadto w momencie, gdy Bitterfeld przybył do polskiej prowincji Zakonu Kaznodziejów, władzę przejęli bracia z Małopolski, którzy w obliczu wieloletniej rywalizacji ze Ślązakami nie byli zainteresowani promowaniem kultu świętej z tej dzielnicy. Także wzmianki na temat „Żywota św. Jadwigi” są bardzo późne. Najstarsza z nich pochodzi dopiero z XVIII wieku.
Total Physical Response (TPR) y el desarrollo de la metacognición y la motivación en el aprendizaje del inglés
Authors: Molina Gómez Doris , Orozco Lambraño Yesenia , Piñerez Castro Eliberto , Eduar Mejia Elquin , Conejo Carrasco Francisco
Published: January 2025

Este es un estudio cualitativo con alcance exploratorio ya que quiso examinar una temática de investigación poco estudiada sobre la enseñanza y aprendizaje del inglés, tuvo como objetivo establecer la relación entre el método TPR (Total Physical Response) y el desarrollo motivacional y metacognitivo en estudiantes de grado séptimo del área de inglés de tres instituciones de educación básica del sector rural y urbano en Colombia.
Para esto se usó una muestra de tipo no probabilística intencional ya que en estos grupos se evidenció mayor dificultad en el aprendizaje y uso de la segunda lengua, mayor temor al expresarse oralmente e interactuar con el otro, a esta población se les aplicó como instrumento una encuesta, que permitió conocer la efectividad del método TPR para el aprendizaje significativo del inglés.
Como metodología de análisis se usó la descripción y comparación, se utilizó una matriz de Excel, estructurada, categorizada y detallada con objetivos específicos, categorías, subcategorías y hallazgos, que permitió comparar y analizar cada dato obtenido y ver los resultados con claridad.
 Los resultados arrojaron que el método logró despertar el interés y la motivación permitiendo un aprendizaje significativo del inglés, de manera autónoma y autorregulada, facilitando la participación activa del estudiante.
"EN PRENSA" Identificación de ecotipos de Agave maximiliana Baker y su diferencia en la producción de biomasa y azúcares reductores totales "EN PRENSA"
Authors: Cachúa-Torres Alfredo , Andrade González Isaac , Chávez Rodríguez Alejandra , López Muraira Irma Guadalupe
Published: January 2025

La raicilla es un destilado, producto del fermento de jugos de piñas de Agave maximiliana, que se encuentras aun en forma silvestre en las Sierras Occidental del Estado de Jalisco. Por lo que el objetivo de este trabajo consistió en la identificación de los diferentes ecotipos de Agave maximilina existente en la sierra Occidental del Estado de Jalisco, con su diferenciación en la producción de biomasa y azúcares reductores. El trabajo se desarrolló en el 2020 en Mascota, Jalisco a 195 km al poniente de Guadalajara. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas con productores y maestros raicilleros y se recabaron los etnotaxa de los distintos ecotipos. Se cuantificó la producción de biomasa llevando a cabo la colecta de cuatro ejemplares por año de crecimiento desde 2 a 8 años por ecotipo, pesando cada piña dende cada peso represento una repetición del ecotipo. La cuantificación de los azúcares reductores se realizó por la técnica DNS. Se identificaron 7 variantes, en los cuales la biomasa entre ellos no muestra diferencia estadística los primeros 3 años. A los 8 años el rendimiento promedio varió de 14.25 kg hasta 47.87 kg según el ecotipo. La producción de azúcares reductores mostró rangos de 32% hasta 83%.  A. maximiliana manifiesta alta variabilidad genética intraespecífica reflejándose en tamaño y peso de piñas entre y dentro de los ecotipos, así como también para la producción de azúcares reductores totales. En el presente estudio el mejor ecotipos según su producción de biomasa y azúcares reductores totales fue los ecotipo denominados Típica y Costillona
Farmers’ desire to make changes in their agricultural branches in the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions: The example of Türkiye
Authors: Cevher Celal , Ataseven Yener , Cevher Şule Coşkun
Published: January 2025

The coronavirus pandemic and subsequent protectionary lockdowns have negatively impacted farmers, especially those producing perishable agricultural products worldwide and Türkiye. For this reason, most researchers began to investigate the effects of restrictions on agrarian branches during the sudden shocks of the pandemic. This study was carried out to reveal the farmers’ desire for change in agricultural production branches during the period when coronavirus pandemic restrictions were implemented in Türkiye. A survey study was conducted with broad participation and telephone interviews involving 2125 farmers in different production branches in 22 provinces. Nonlinear Canonical Correlation Analysis was used to analyze variables. According to our analysis results, compared with other agricultural branches, it has been determined that the farmers who do vegetable farming, fruit farming, and livestock farming have a higher desire to change their bare agrarian branches. Approximately half of the farmers interviewed reported difficulties obtaining seeds, fertilizers, and chemicals and providing sufficient labor. Due to these difficulties, 16.5% of the farmers stated that if the first shock effect of the pandemic restrictions continues and this shock effect continues, they will abandon the current main agricultural branches of animal husbandry and vegetable growing. Fruit growing and switch to other farming branches that require less input and labor for agricultural production. For these reasons, policymakers should invest more in market-oriented strategies such as input supply, storage of products, logistics, and processing of manufactured products to maintain the supply chain during pandemic periods. Because these strategies require high costs and the necessary knowledge of post-harvest operations, they are investments that individual farmers cannot afford. Our study revealed that the initial shock effect of the pandemic restrictions in Türkiye had a limited impact on the production of agricultural products. Despite this little impact, 87.3% of farmers stated that their income decreased slightly during this period. We foresee that the restrictions made due to the coronavirus pandemic will affect the planning and social policy in the Turkish economy in the coming years. However, this situation will not change the basic structure of Turkish agricultural production and distribution.
Changes in the Major Antioxidant Compounds of Red Cabbage Under Water Stress Applied at Different Vegetative Growth Periods
Authors: Erken Okan , Yıldırım Murat , Kızılkaya Bayram , Mucan Umut
Published: January 2025

Effective and efficient use of water resources has become an important issue in recent studies, where the impacts of climate change has become more apparent and alternative solutions are discussed. There, however, are limited studies that look at the impacts of water stress at different vegetative periods. For this reason, in this study, different levels of water treatment (0%, 30%, 70%) were applied to red cabbage at two stages of development (early and late vegetative) in a two-year field study. The effect of water stress on the major antioxidant compounds, as well as on yield and some morphological parameters were investigated.
According to the findings, the least yield loss (22%) occurred in the early vegetative period of the second-year trial where 70% irrigation water was applied, while the highest yield loss (56%) was obtained during the early vegetative period of the first-year trial where no irrigation was applied. Biochemical analyses revealed that the highest accumulation of flavonoids, 0.83 mg g-1, and anthocyanins, 1.51 mg g-1, occurred in the early vegetative period with the trial that received no irrigation treatment. The phenolic compound content was determined as 1.62 mg g-1, and the antioxidant capacity was found to be 1.93 mg g-1 during the late vegetative period in the trials without irrigation treatment. These findings suggest that in regions with limited water resources, water conservation can be practiced during different vegetative periods in order to get higher biochemical benefits with a lower yield loss when cultivating red cabbage.
Evaluation of Pesticide Use in Greenhouse Tomato Production in the Context of Sustainability, Food Safety and Export Residue Notifications
Authors: Dağ Merve Mürüvvet , Yılmaz Hasan
Published: January 2025

The sustainability of agricultural production and access to healthy food are important issues in the agricultural sector. From a food safety perspective, pesticide residue problems are becoming an increasing concern for consumers worldwide. This study aims to evaluate pesticide use in greenhouse tomato production in terms of sustainability, food safety and export residue notifications. In this research, original data obtained from a face-to-face survey conducted with 115 greenhouse tomato farmers in Kumluca district of Antalya province was used. It was found that farmers on the surveyed farms used pesticides containing 57 different active ingredients. Various types of pesticides were used, including 12.9 kg/ha of insecticides, 10.9 kg/ha of nematicides, 8.8 kg/ha of fungicides, and 3.8 kg/ha of acaricides, resulting in a total of 36.5 kg/ha of pesticide use. The study revealed that 55.88% of the pesticides used by farmers were classified as hazardous according to the World Health Organization's (WHO) classification. The increasing number of pesticide residue notifications from European Union countries in recent years serves as a warning for Turkish farmers. Therefore, Türkiye needs to make more efforts to comply with international standards for the sustainability of tomato production and exports. As a result, in the research area, more efforts should be made to increase farmer training activities, tighten controls in greenhouse production, and strengthen safe food control mechanisms in order to reduce the use of pesticides for sustainable agriculture and safe food. In addition, greenhouse production support policies should be redesigned to encourage farmers to use biological control methods.
In vivo Metabolic Investigation of Oxygen, Light, and Temperature Effects on Dormancy Alleviation of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Seeds
Authors: Cai Honghao , Ruan Xiayi , Wan Yumin , Chen Mengting , Wu Xianqin , Cai Yingqiang
Published: January 2025

As an edible seed, sesame seeds require careful storage to maintain their quality. Dormancy helps seeds extend their lifespan by slowing down metabolic processes, reducing energy consumption and natural aging. However, seeds may exit dormancy and begin germination during storage due to variations in temperature, light, and oxygen conditions. This transition is not easily visible, but nutritional components within the seeds can start to deplete. In this study, non-invasive magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging were used to monitor sesame seeds stored under different temperature, light, and oxygen conditions for over 120 hours. Results showed that seeds remained dormant at 15 °C under oxygen deprivation and in the absence of light. When exposed to continuous light at 15 °C, under anaerobic or aerobic conditions, changes in metabolic resonances were observed through spectroscopy, indicating moisture and fatty acid transfer between seed structures. Despite these changes, magnetic resonance imaging showed that the embryo did not develop. At 24 °C with continuous light and aerobic conditions, both spectroscopy and imaging analyses revealed significant metabolic changes, and all internal seed structures developed normally, with visible signs of germination. This study highlights that although sesame seeds are non-photoblastic, light can still trigger metabolic activity within the seeds, while suitable temperature is essential for complete seed development. These findings provide valuable insights into the dynamic molecular-level metabolic changes from dormancy to early seed germination using magnetic resonance technology and offer guidance for maintaining seed dormancy during storage.