bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Study of Carious Lesions Around Dental Restorations
Authors: Atto A.Y. , Rosen S. , Taylor R.
Published: November 2010

Twenty-three teeth were filled with silver and copper amalgam restorations. Carious lesions were detected around 9 out of 23 silver amalgam restorations, whereas carious lesions were found around 18 out of 23 copper amalgam restorations. This difjerence was statistically significant.
Precipitate-Free, Dilute Aqueous Solutions of Stannous Fluoride for Topical Application: I. Simple and Mixed Mediums
Authors: Lim James K.J.
Published: November 2010

Sodium fluoride, glycerol, and tartaric acid maintained dilute aqueous solutions of stannous fluoride precipitate-free under the conditions of this experiment. In the absence of any precipitate, a "loss" of either stannous ions or both stannous and fluoride ions, indicates the possibility of the formation of water-soluble complexes in these solutions.
Incorporation of 3H Thymidine into Damaged Pulp of Rat Incisors
Authors: Feit J. , Metelova M. , Sindelka Z.
Published: November 2010

3H thymidine was injected intraperitoneally into six male rats on the first, second, and third days after injury to the pulp of the incisors. Forty minutes later the rats were decapitated; the teeth were fixed in formalin and prepared in the usual manner for histoautoradiography. Histologic preparations were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. No odontoblast nuclei labeled by 3H thymidine were observed on the histoautoradiographic pattern. After pulp injury, the odontoblasts behaved as irreversible postmitotic cells incapable of DNA synthesis.
Distribution of Cardiac Output to Oral Tissues in Dogs
Authors: Meyer Maurice W.
Published: November 2010

Isotope fractionation and particle distribution methods were used in conjunction to quantitate blood flow in the oral mucosa, alveolar bone, tongue, masseter muscle, and dental pulp. Infiltration of epinephrine in lidocaine ( Xylocaine) and lidocaine alone and inhalation of 5% CO2 provided experimental conditions to alter flow in some tissues.
Study of In Vivo Radiographic Densitometry
Authors: Plotnick Irwin J. , Beresin Victor E. , Simkins Alan B.
Published: November 2010

An intensive study of radiographic densitometry was made to determine its reliability as a biologic measuring method. Such measurements are useful but have limitations.
Musculoskeletal Arrangements for Lateral Mandibular Movements in the Rabbit and Rat: Electromyographic and Other Analyses
Authors: O'Dell Norris L. , Todd Gordon L. , Bernard George R.
Published: November 2010

Electromyography using wire microelectrodes and multichannel recording of the masseter and medial pterygoid muscles demonstrated that in the rabbit, the ipsilateral medial pterygoid muscle actively opposes lateral mandibular movement. In the rat, the ipsilateral medial pterygoid muscle and contralateral masseter muscle oppose the movement. The results correlate with the musculoskeletal arrangements of the two animals.
Degenerative Changes in the Superficial Epithelium of Chronic Hyperplastic Oral Mucosa: Clinicopathological and Histochemical Study
Authors: Archard H.O. , Glass N.M.
Published: November 2010

An unusual homogeneous, eosinophilic material has been observed in the superficial epithelium of chronic hyperplastic oral mucosa. A study of 40 specimens of epulis fissuratum and 69 specimens of irritation fibroma revealed the material's association with chronic inflammation of the hyperplastic mucosa. Histochemically, it is rich in protein, sulfhydryl groups, tryptophan, and carbohydrate.
Lactate Dehydrogenase Isoenzyme Patterns of Human Dental Pulp
Authors: Linde Anders , Ljunggren Anna
Published: November 2010

The lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme pattern of human dental pulps from deciduous teeth and normal and impacted permanent teeth were studied by means of cellulose acetate paper electrophoresis. A dominance of the LDH-3 and LDH-4 isoenzymes was observed. This result is further evidence for the presence of a prominent anaerobic metabolism in this tissue.
Enamel Dissolution by Streptococcal Fermentation of Breakfast Cereals
Authors: Bibby B.G. , Weiss M.E.
Published: November 2010

The amount of radioactive bovine enamel dissolved by the streptococcal fermentation products of 29 breakfast cereals was not dependent on their sugar content. Enamel dissolution was reduced by addition of a variety of inorganic and organic substances, of which those containing calcium were particularly effective.
Plastic Modified o-Ethoxybenzoic Acid Cements as Temporary Restorative Materials
Authors: Brauer G.M. , Huget E.F. , Termini D.J.
Published: November 2010

Efjects of adding polymeric materials to powder components of EBA cements were studied. The most suitable additives for reducing the brittleness of EBA cements were acrylic and vinyl chloride copolymers.
Age Changes in Dental Arch Shape
Authors: Lavelle C.L.B.
Published: November 2010

Age changes in dental arch shape were assessed by computing the area of the arch and the arch index:Five-hundred and twenty sets of maxillary and mandibular casts were measured. They were taken from British patients within the age range of 3 to 15 years. The results showed that the dental arch areas increased maximally between S to 7 and 11 to 13 years. From examination of the indexes, however, the arches appeared to become broader with advancing age.
Studies of Tertiary Dentin in Monkey Teeth Using Vital Dyes
Authors: Fischer Francis M. , El-Kafrawy A. , Mitchell D.F.
Published: November 2010

Cavities were prepared in deciduous and permanent teeth of monkeys. Some were left open; some were restored with zinc oxide and eugenol; some were restored with croton oil, for 90 days. The amount of tertiary dentin was similar irrespective of the treatment.
Variations in Height of the Palatum Osseum as a Function of Other Vertical Dimensions and Angles of the Skull
Authors: Vidic Branislav
Published: November 2010

Study of 500 Yugoslav skulls revealed average values of the height of the palatum osseum. In comparisons, no differences in average values were found in age and sex groups studied.
Dental Variability in Isolates
Authors: Rosenzweig Kurt A. , Smith Patricia
Published: November 2010

The range of variation in permanent teeth of Habani Jews, a highly inbred isolate, were found to be similar to those of other more heterogeneous groups.
Effects of 5-Fluorouracil on Secondary Palatal Development of 129/J Mice
Authors: Arvystas M.G. , Cohen M.M.
Published: November 2010

Palatal morphology and the sequence of palate development from the 13th to the l7th day of development were compared in experimental and control groups of pregnant 129/J mice injected with 5-fluorouracil.
Nature of Contacts in Centric Occlusion in 32 Adults
Authors: Anderson J. Russell , Myers George E.
Published: November 2010

An evaluation of the location and nature of occlusal contacts in centric occlusion of 32 adults revealed teeth that had no occlusal contact, no opposing tooth, contact on flat surfaces, contact on one or more inclined planes, and contacts on a combination of flat and inclined planes.
Effects of Cetyl Pyridinium Chloride and Chondroitin Sulfate on Cultures of Cariogenic Streptococci
Authors: Kwan Hsueh-Wan , Toto Patrick D.
Published: November 2010

Seven known strains of cariogenic streptococci can derive their carbon source solely from 1% chondroitin sulfate in a salt solution. This suggests that direct attack on dentin carbohydrates occurs in caries. The growth is inhibited by cetyl pyridinium chloride and sodium fluoride.
Demographic Discrimination of American Indian and Alaskan Eskimo Groups by Use of Bjork Analysis
Authors: Packard Robert C. , Zwemer Thomas J.
Published: November 2010

Sixty-five cephalometric measurements taken on each of 223 Eskimos and American Indians from five tribal groups were studied by discriminant function analysis. Sixty measurements proved useful in classifying these natives ethnically with 88% accuracy and by sex with over 93% accuracy.
Barium Sulfate—A Method for Symmetry Analysis
Authors: Crafekar V. , Cleall J.F.
Published: November 2010

A method of symmetry analysis for dental arches and palate is described. Barium sulfate paste is applied to the buccal and labial surfaces of teeth, and the models are radiographed. The resulting silhouettes can then be subjected to symmetry analysis.
Antibacterial Activity of Dental Restorative Materials
Authors: Updegraff David M. , Chang Robert W.H. , Joos Richard W.
Published: November 2010

Twenty-one commercial dental restorative materials, aged under various conditions, were checked on two different culture mediums for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, a cariogenic streptococcus, and mixed bacteria from the mouth. The duration of bacteriostatic activity was decreased rapidly by leaching in water. Of the three acrylics checked for ability to prevent in vitro carieslike lesions, the acrylic with highest antibacterial activity had the least caries.
Nucleotidase Activity of the Purified Acid Phosphomonoesterase from Human Parotid Saliva
Authors: Nakamura Ryo , Watanabe Tatsuo , Iwamoto Yoshifumi , Tsunemitsu Akira
Published: November 2010

Purified acid phosphomonoesterase from human parotid saliva has been characterized as an acid nucleotidase of broad specificity. The enzyme exhibited a pH optimum at 5.8 with 5'-AMP and was not metal dependent. Activity was inhibited greatly by mercuric ions, sodium fluoride, and sodium tartrate. The tartrate inhibition was competitive.
Hypobaric Chamber for Oral Flora Study in Simulated Spacecraft Environment
Authors: Brown Lee R. , Allen Sandra S. , Wheatcroft Merrill G. , Frome William J.
Published: November 2010

A chamber to house two marmosets in a space-simulated environment was built and tested. The chamber was used in three experiments of two weeks duration each to study changes in the oral microflora of marmosets exposed to an atmosphere of 70% oxygen and 30% nitrogen at 5 psi.
Human Parotid Secretion in Response to Ethyl Alcohol
Authors: Martin Sandra , Pangborn Rose Marie
Published: November 2010

Parotid salivary flow increased with increasing concentrations of ethyl alcohol (4.8 to 47.5%), with greater secretion at solution temperatures of 1.5 C than at 22 C. Subjects salivated significantly less when vision was eliminated by black goggles and more in response to 0.15% citric acid than to 20% alcohol, whereas the combination of acid and alcohol elicited responses similar to those from acid alone. Alcohol had a greater sialagogic effect in wine than in water.
Method for Measuring the Abrasion of Dentin by Dentifrices
Authors: Cordon Martin
Published: November 2010

A method for measuring the relative abrasiveness of dentifrices toward dentin based on the use of thin sections of human dentin was developed and compared with a method based on the use of radioactive (32P) dentin.
Adsorption of Salivary Proteins by Hydroxyapatite: Relations Between the Effects of Calcium Ions, Hydrogen Ions, Temperature, and Exposure Time
Authors: Gaughey Charles Mc , Stowell Ellery C.
Published: November 2010

Calcium ions enhanced the adsorption of salivary proteins by hydroxyapatite. Calcium probably acted in the protein-bound form by promoting the aggregation of proteins. Concentrations of calcium far below physiologic levels exerted maximal efJects. Lowering the pH to 5 increased protein adsorption but abolished the effect of calcium. Relevance to the in vivo situation was examined.
Changes in Ability of Patients to Differentiate Intensity of Forces Applied to Maxillary Central Incisors During Orthodontic Treatment
Authors: Soltis Jesse E. , Nakfoor Patrick R. , Bowman Douglas C.
Published: November 2010

Changes in the subjective ability of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment to distinguish differences in intensity of forces applied to maxillary central incisors were evaluated. A decided reduction of this discriminatory ability was recorded four days after the insertion of orthodontic appliances. A significant reduction in pain threshold to these forces also was noted. Subsequent measurements showed a definite trend toward the initial pretreatment values.
Effect of Daily Application of Fluoride in a Custom Fitted Mouthpiece on Plaque Flora Associated with Dental Decay
Authors: Myers Malcolm , Handelman Stanley L.
Published: November 2010

Plaque samples examined before and after daily application of acidulated fluoride gel in custom fitted mouthpieces showed no changes in the prevalence of organisms in selected bacterial categories associated with dental decay.
Studies on Dental Aerobiology: III. Efficacy of Surgical Masks in Protecting Dental Personnel from Airborne Bacterial Particles
Authors: Micik Rudolph E. , Miller Robert L. , Leong Arnold C.
Published: November 2010

Fifteen commercially available surgical masks were evaluated for efficacy in protecting dental personnel from bacterial aerosols generated from a patient's mouth. The filtering efficiency of masks tested varied from 14 to 99%. Two masks tested under wearing conditions showed no significant marginal leakage. The use of all masks evaluated is subject to several important limitations.
Electro-Osteograms of Long Bones of Immature Rabbits
Authors: Friedenberg Zachary B. , Dyer Richard H. , Brighton Carl T.
Published: November 2010

Direct current potentials in the humerus, femur, and tibia of the growing rabbit showed a consistent pattern of change: the diaphysis was electropositive in relation to the metaphysis. The growing epiphysis and epiphyseal line were identified electrically. Variations in bone contour, ridges, tuberosities, and points of muscle attachments did not alter the polarity of the bone.
Radioautographic and Histochemical Study of Protein Synthesis in the Hamster Submandibular Gland
Authors: Tiber Arnold
Published: November 2010

Intracellular protein synthesis and migration in the hamster submandibular gland were studied with light microscope radioautography and histochemistry. The acinar and granular duct cells of the gland had similar rates of protein synthesis and exhibited a polarized migration of nascent protein. Histochemical staining for RNA and protein showed inconsistencies with the radioautographic data.
Comparison of Nerve Endings in Normal Gingiva with Those in Mucosa Covering Edentulous Alveolar Ridges
Authors: Desjardins Ronald P. , Winkelmann R.K. , Gonzalez Juan B.
Published: November 2010

The morphology and quantity of neural elements in 109 tissue specimens of gingiva and edentulous mucosa were studied by the cholinesterase whole-mount technique. The microscopic findings were compared on the basis of morphology, sex and age of patient, location of the biopsy site in the mouth, edentulous state and time, and the presence of a prosthesis.
Effect of Insulin on Caries Activity in the Rat
Authors: Borghelli Ricardo F. , Devoto Francisco C.H. , Lazzari Rosa N. , Erausquin Jorge , Foglia Virgilio G.
Published: November 2010

The effect of insulin on dental caries in pancreatectomized and nonpancreatectomized white rats was studied. The experimental rats were pancreatectomized to 95%. All rats were killed 30 days after the operation and autopsies were performed on both experimental and control rats. The results showed a significant decrease of caries activity in nonpancreatectomized rats injected with insulin, as compared with the activity in normal controls; increased caries activity in pancreatectomized rats; and suppression of the cariogenic effect of pancreatectomy by insulin that was in direct relation to the dose of insulin.
Progression of Pulpitis to Necrosis and Periapical Disease in Deciduous and Permanent Teeth of Monkeys
Authors: Cardoso Abel S. , Mitchell David F.
Published: November 2010

The chronology of pulp inflammation and its progression to periapical disease were studied in permanent and deciduous teeth of monkeys. Mechanical pulp exposures were made and the teeth were left open to the oral environment for time intervals of up to two months. Clinical, radiographic, and microscopic study revealed considerable variation.
Experimental Model for the Study of Osteogenesis and Remodeling
Authors: Najjar T.A. , Kahn D.S.
Published: November 2010

The experimental model in this study yielded a consistent pattern of normal healing. Thus, it is useful in studies of the effects of various extrinsic and intrinsic factors on osteogenesis and remodeling. Incorporation of the callus with the cortex appeared to involve the creation of new osteon formed partly by the callus and partly by the original bone.
Collagenolysis in Cultured Tissue: I. Digestion of Mesenteric Fibers by Enzymes from Explanted Gingival Tissue
Authors: Taylor A. Cecil
Published: November 2010

Collagen fibers of cultured rat mesentery were lysed by an enzyme diffusing from explants of gingival tissue in the same culture. The enzyme was nondialyzable, heat labile, and specific for collagen. Its action was facilitated by heparin, vitamin A, and a product of mast cell granules but was inhibited by cortisone and histamine. Gingival cells in prolonged culture lost the capacity to digest collagen.
Nervous Control of Palatine Glands in the Rat
Authors: Butcher Earl O. , Feldman Audrey
Published: November 2010

Through ablation or stimulation of the superior cervical ganglia, and through the administration of drugs, evidence was obtained that parasympathetic activity causes an emptying of the palatine glands. The sympathetic division, particularly the a-adrenergic receptors, induces filling of the acinar cells. The sympathetic ganglia also aid synergistically in the emptying of the cell.
Synthetic Medium for Calcification of Bacterionema matruchotii
Authors: Ennever J. , Vogel J.J. , Streckfuss J.L.
Published: November 2010

A synthetic medium was developed for further study of intracellular calcification by Bacterionema matruchotii. The medium contained metastable calcium phosphate, six other salts, three purines, two pyrimidines, nine vitamins, pimelic and thioctic acids, vitamin-free casein hydrolysate, and glucose. The vehicle was 0.1 M N-tris (hydroxymethyl) methyl-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid buffer at pH 7.4.
Histochemical Studies of Papillary Hyperplasia of the Palate: Enzyme Histochemistry of Papillary Hyperplasia and Normal Palatal Mucosa
Authors: Flanagan Viola D. , Porter Kendall
Published: November 2010

Representative enzymes from four enzyme groups, which have been related to premalignant or malignant activity, were studied histochemically. Tissues from patients with papillary hyperplasia, normal denture-wearing patients, and normal non-denture-wearing patients were examined. No differences were noted in the distribution of the enzymes in the different tissues that could be related to premalignant or malignant change.
Dental Silicate Cements: XV. Effect of Particle Size of the Powder
Authors: Kent Brian E. , Wilson Alan D.
Published: November 2010

The effects of particle size of the powder on the physical and chemical properties of dental silicate cements were studied. Suggestions are given for improvement of these cements by changes in the particle size distribution of the powder.
Effect of Sodium Fluoride and Stannous Fluoride on the Rate of Corrosion of Dental Amalgams
Authors: Stoner G.E. , Senti S.E. , Gileadi E.
Published: November 2010

Corrosion studies have been carried out on dental amalgams with and without additions of stannous fluoride to the alloy before trituration. Corrosion studies also were carried out with additions of sodium fluoride and stannous fluoride to test solutions. When added to the amalgam, stannous fluoride caused a decided increase in its deterioration. Addition of stannous fluoride to the test solution had no effect on corrosion, whereas addition of sodium fluoride to the solution decidedly increased the corrosion rate.
Quantitative Assessment of Lymphocytes and Plasma Cells in Leukoplakia, Candidiasis, and Lichen Planus
Authors: Lehner T.
Published: November 2010

Mononuclear cell infiltration in biopsy specimens of leukoplakia, candidiasis, and lichen planus was assessed quantitatively. Differential counts of pyroninophilic and non-pyroninophilic round cells were related to the histological grades of leukoplakia and to other white lesions. An attempt was made to correlate these indexes to the incidence of carcinomatous transformation.
Fine Structure of Mouse Secondary Palate Development In Vitro
Authors: Smiley Gary R. , Koch William E.
Published: November 2010

Organ cultured homotypic palatal processes were studied with an electron microscope. Stages in the formation and breakdown of the midline epithelial seam through mesenchymal fusion are proposed to aid in studies of this aspect of secondary palatal development. In vitro palatal formation is similar to that observed in vivo.
Characterization of Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cements Reinforced with Acrylic Resin
Authors: Civjan Simon , Huget Eugene F. , Wolfhard George , Waddell Larry S.
Published: November 2010

Zinc oxide-eugenol cements reinforced with poly(methyl methacrylate) have significantly higher strength than unmodified formulations. The degree of reinforcement appears to depend on the particle sizes and uniformity of distribution of the resin constituents.
Laser Welding of Gold Alloys
Authors: Smith Denton L. , Burnett Arthur P. , Gordon Thomas E.
Published: November 2010

A neodymium glass laser was used to produce weld joints between test pieces of four different casting gold alloys. The mechanical properties of the welds were determined and their microstructures were evaluated. The results of this study indicate that laser welding of dental casting gold alloys is metallurgically feasible.
Pulp Viability and the Homotransplantation of Frozen Teeth
Authors: Price Paul J. , Cserepfalvi Miklos
Published: November 2010

The relationships between the length of storage time at 2 C and pulp viability, and between pulp viability and success of homotransplantation were studied. The pulp can be maintained in a viable state by freezing, but pulp viability does not appear to be an important prerequisite for successful homotransplantation.
The Effect of Surgical Denervation on Dentin Formation in the Incisor of the Rat
Authors: Torneck C.D. , Harnett B. , Johnson T. , Leung T.
Published: November 2010

Unilateral removal of the inferior dental nerve and superior cervical ganglion in rats produced no alteration in the quantitative deposition of dentin in developing incisors as shown by double tetracycline labeling. This finding, however, may be peculiar to rats because of the apparently singular innervation of these teeth.
Human Pulp Capping with Isobutyl Cyanoacrylate
Authors: Bhaskar S.N. , Beasley J.D. , Ward J.P. , Cutright D.E.
Published: November 2010

In this histological study, 19 human teeth were mechanically exposed and the pulps were capped with isobutyl cyanoacrylate. It was shown that this chemical adhesive produces immediate hemostasis and permits the repair of the injured pulp.
Tooth Size and Position Before Birth
Authors: Van Der Linden Frans P.G.M. , Mc Namara James A. , Burdi Alphonse R.
Published: November 2010

No uniformity exists in the arrangement of the deciduous anterior teeth before birth. The deciduous incisors achieve a substantial amount of their final mesiodistal width at an early stage. Jaw growth in the anterior region during the last three months before birth appears not to exceed the increase in mesiodistal crown dimensions.
Thermal Environment of Teeth During Open-Mouth Respiration
Authors: Boehm Robert F.
Published: November 2010

An experimental study was made in an attempt to define the thermal environment of human teeth during open-mouth respiration. Results show that the environment can be affected considerably by ambient temperatures, ambient humidity, and dryness of the oral cavity.
An Industrial Film Surface Analyzer
Authors: Spellman John E.
Published: November 2010

A study involving both preclinical and clinical phases was conducted to test the practicality of a recently developed industrial film surface analyzer, which appears to be a valuable tool for both the dental researcher and the clinician in studying the microsurface of burs, hand instruments, and restorative materials. Highly accurate replicas of the surfaces under study can be obtained practically and in a simple step.
Sodium, Potassium, and Magnesium Concentrations in the Enamel and Dentin of Human and Rhesus Monkey Teeth
Authors: Shaw James H. , Yen Peter K.-J.
Published: November 2010

Sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium concentrations were determined at various levels from the surface enamel to the internal dentin in 47 teeth of New England residents, 66 teeth of Indian citizens, and 20 teeth of rhesus monkeys. Sodium concentrations were low in the surface enamel, increased to a maximum at the dentinoenamel junction, and decreased to low values at the internal dentin. Potassium concentrations were similar at all levels of the enamel and dentin except for a slight decrease from surface enamel to internal dentin in the rhesus monkey. Magnesium concentrations increased steadily from the surface enamel to the internal dentin.
Effect of Metal Surface Treatment on the Masking Power of Opaque Porcelain
Authors: Herzberg Thomas W. , Gettleman Lawrence , Webber Richard L. , Moffa Joseph P.
Published: November 2010

Spectral reflectance was determined as a function of incremental thickness of opaque porcelain applied to precious metal alloy surfaces treated in three ways. Sandblasted and fine-ground surfaces required comparable thicknesses of porcelain to achieve the same degree of opacity at selected wavelengths, whereas specimens conditioned with a gold flashing agent required 40 to 60% less opaque porcelain to achieve the same result. A logarithmic model for predicting reflectance as a function of porcelain thickness was applicable for gold-flashed surfaces at wavelengths greater than 550 nm.
Tertiary Aromatic Amine Accelerators with Molecular Weights Above 400
Authors: Bowen R.L. , Argentar H.
Published: November 2010

With the proper ring substituents, tertiary aromatic amines with large substituents on the nitrogen atom can be effective accelerators in free radical polymerization. Resistance to discoloration appears to be primarily a function of the substituents on the aromatic ring of the amine, whereas the rate of polymerization is dependent on both the alkyl substituents on the ring and the groups attached to the nitrogen atom.
Gel Electrophoresis of Intracellular Components of Some Cariogemc Streptococci
Authors: Simonson L.G. , Shklair I.L.
Published: November 2010

Intracellular protein components of six strains of cariogenic streptococci were studied by polyacrylamide disk get electrophoresis. The proteins were separable into distinct and reproducible patterns, Strains GS-5 and NCTC 10449 had a similar electrophoretic protein pattern, whereas strains K-IR, SL-1, HS-6, and FA-1 differed in their protein patterns.
Heterogeneity of Peroxidase Related to Antibacterial Activity in Human Parotid Saliva
Authors: Iwamoto Yoshifumi , Nakamura Ryo , Watanabe Tatsuo , Tsunemitsu Akira
Published: November 2010

The peroxidase that is related to the thiocyanate-peroxidase-hydrogen peroxide antibacterial system in human parotid saliva was separated into three subfractions by diethylaminoethanol (DEAE)-cellulose column chromatography. Heterogeneity was confirmed by isoelectric focusing. Three subfractions contributed to the inhibition of the growth of Lactobacillus casei ATCC 7469.
Characterization of Osseous Tissues by Thermogravimetric and Physical Techniques
Authors: Civjan Simon , Selting Wayne J. , De Simon Laszlo B. , Battistone Gino C. , Grower Marvin F.
Published: November 2010

Changes in osseous tissue after injury were studied in monkeys with the use of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and mechanical strength measurements. An exponential relationship was found to exist between strength and weight loss for repair tissues 3 to 8 weeks old. The quantitative techniques investigated seem promising for the improved characterization of mineralized tissue.
Fluoride Concentrations in Deciduous Tooth Enamel of Children Chewing Sodium Fluoride Tablets
Authors: Mellberg J.R. , Nicholson C.R. , Law F.E.
Published: November 2010

Fluoride concentrations in deciduous enamel of children who chewed or did not chew sodium fluoride tablets over a three year period were determined. Anterior and posterior enamel from children who used tablets contained 150 and 80 ppm more fluoride, respectively, at a depth of 5 μm than did enamel from the control group. The difference between tablet users and nonusers remained relatively constant during the study period.
Optical Sectioning of Oral Exfoliated Cells
Authors: Hoffman Robert , Gross Leo
Published: November 2010

Differential interference microscopy is suggested as an additional technique for oral exfoliative cytology. Optical sectioning provides clear views of the nucleus and other organelles that are not obstructed by underlying or overlying layers. With this technique, interlocking folds in the cell membrane can be observed clearly.
Biochemical and Antigenic Studies of Lactobacilli Isolated from Deep Dentinal Caries: II. Antigenic Aspects
Authors: Shovlin Francis E. , Gillis Robert E.
Published: November 2010

Antigenic studies of lactobacilli isolated from deep dentinal caries indicate that these organisms share a common group antigen identical to that of Sharpe's serologic group C organisms. The presence of a less stable, type-specific antigen makes sub grouping of the organisms possible.
Effect of Radiation on Bone
Authors: Furstman Lawrence L.
Published: November 2010

Rats subjected to 600 R total body radiation were studied. Changes in the epiphyseal cartilage were examined from the morphologic and enzymatic aspects, and were correlated with changes in the marrow contents and underlying bone. Changes noted were specific for radiation damage and were not caused by nutritional deficiencies.
Wear of Fluorapatite Single Crystals : II. Frictional Behavior
Authors: Powers J.M. , Craig R.G.
Published: November 2010

The frictional behavior of natural fluorapatite single crystals under sliding was evaluated. Strain rate did not influence the coefficient of friction. Low and high regimes of friction were related to the amount of penetration; higher values of friction were associated with deeper penetration.
Metabolism of Alkali-Soluble and Alkali-Insoluble Polysaccharides of Dental Plaque
Authors: Manly R.S. , Kerrigan J.H.
Published: November 2010

The sites and solubilities of oral metabolic enzymes of polysaccharides were studied by a technique that separates glucose and fructose polymers into alkali-soluble and alkali-insoluble fractions. The alkali-insoluble glucose polymers are greater in quantity than the alkali-soluble polymers.
Uptake of Tritiated Glucosamine by the Femur and Mandible of 7-Day-Old and Adult Mice
Authors: Murnane T.W. , Belt W.D.
Published: November 2010

This work suggests that the osteoid matrix is characterized by a hexosamine component that was lost after calcification occurred. Thereafter, labeling appeared restricted to cementing lines.
Epidemiologic Studies of Caries-Free and Caries-Active Students: II. Diet, Dental Plaque, and Oral Hygiene
Authors: Duany Luis F. , Zinner Doran D. , Jablon James M.
Published: November 2010

Diet, extent of dental plaque, and oral hygiene scores for caries-free and caries-active students were significantly different. Results of this study suggest that these three parameters are contributing supplementary factors to the development of dental caries in the caries-active group. An experimental dietary questionnaire method used in this study may be used by dentists to identify children with a caries-conducive diet and to prescribe treatment accordingly.
Evaluation of a Composite Resin Crown and Bridge Luting Agent
Authors: Lee Henry , Swartz Michael L.
Published: November 2010

Laboratory evaluation of an aromatic thermosetting acrylic crown and bridge cement is reported. Crown retention, as measured, was independent of film thickness. Because the material was insoluble and gave improved adhesion to gold alloy and tooth structure, it could offer greater latitudes in crown and bridge techniques.
Elastic Recovery of Polysulfide Base Impressions
Authors: Lautenschlager E.P. , Miyamoto P. , Hilton R.
Published: November 2010

Motion pictures were used to measure the elastic recovery of polysulfide base impression materials during clinically simulated undercut removals. Recovery was complex; it involved strain gradients, withdrawal rates, and material thickness. Behavior could be correlated to tests on specimens of simpler geometries. Materials tested were found to be acceptable for clinical use.
Variations in Surface Resistance to Enamel Etching
Authors: Hoffman Seymour
Published: November 2010

Scanning electron microscopy of clinically sound enamel samples demonstrated two distinct types of perikymata patterns: undulating, and overlapping. When treated with a buffered acetate solution (pH 4.0), the overlapping perikymata were more susceptible to demineralization than the undulating perikymata. Furthermore, in erupted teeth the overlapping forms seemed to be confined primarily to the cervical third of the crown, and in unerupted and partially erupted teeth they were distributed more widely.
Quantitative Analysis of Mg, Na, Cl, Al, and Ca in Human Dental Calculus by Neutron Activation Analysis and High Resolution Gamma-Spectrometry
Authors: Retief D.H. , Cleaton-Jones P.E. , Turkstra J. , Smit H.J. , Pretorius P.J.
Published: November 2010

The concentrations of magnesium, sodium, chlorine, aluminum, and calcium in pooled human dental calculus dried to constant weight at 105 C were determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis. Their mean concentrations were 0.50 ± 0.04%, 0.37 ± 0.03%, 0.09 ± 0.01%, 96.08 ± 14.63 ppm, and 28.04 ± 1.70%, respectively.
Lack of Difference in Sex Ratio of Mice with Cortisone-Induced Cleft Palate
Authors: Loevy Hannelore T.
Published: November 2010

Cortisone injected into pregnant CD1 and Strong A mice increased the number of resorption sites but had no statistically significant effect on the sex ratio of the surviving fetuses. With one exception, no difference between sexes in incidence of cleft palate was demonstrated, which suggests that cortisone in the dose used did not induce cleft palate through a sex-dependent mechanism.
Distribution of Fluoride in Active and Arrested Carious Lesions in Dentin
Authors: Levine R.S.
Published: November 2010

Investigation of the distribution of fluoride in carious lesions of dentin, expressed as unit volume of tissue, indicates that arrested lesions are characterized by a fluoride-rich surface zone. This finding is an important intrinsic factor in the stability of arrested lesions.
Calculation of Interfacial Stress in Dental Porcelain Bonded to Gold Alloy Substrate
Authors: Nielsen John P. , Tuccillo Joseph J.
Published: November 2010

Thermal shear stresses that arise from a mismatch of expansion coefficients (Δα) between porcelain and gold alloy can exceed the 13,000 psi shear resistance of the bond. Therefore, calculations of the Aa tolerance were made. A Aa of 0.125 X 10-6 inch/inch/degrees F is safe.
Muscle Spindle Distribution in the Masticatory Muscle of the Japanese Shrew-Mole
Authors: Kubota Kinziro , Masegi Toshiaki
Published: November 2010

This investigation was designed to obtain anatomical information about the neuromuscular mechanism of human jaw movement by a comparative study of insectivores. Study of the masticatory muscles of the Japanese shrew-mole showed that muscle spindles are concentrated in restricted areas of the inner layer of the horizontal and vertical portions of the temporal muscle, the medial portion of the medial pterygoid muscle, and the deep portion of the masseter muscle. The lateral pterygoid muscle contains no spindles.
Distribution of Mast Cells and Their Reactivity to a Histamine Liberator in the Trigeminal Ganglion of the Rat
Authors: Mazza Jeffrey P. , Dixon Andrew D.
Published: November 2010

Mast cell locations were plotted on tracings of photomicrographs of histologic sections of rat trigeminal ganglia. Mast cells were found infrequently in the root and proximal parts of the ganglion, but they were observed in increasing numbers distally. Ganglionic endoneurial mast cells in proximity to the cell bodies of chromatolytic neurons were degranulated by intraperitoneal injections of compound 48/80; this suggests that mast cells play a role in injury responses of the peripheral trigeminal system.
A Polyether Impression Rubber
Authors: Braden M. , Causton B. , Clarke R.L.
Published: November 2010

An imine-terminated polyether impression rubber was studied. Setting is effected by an aromatic sulfonate ester. The material is clean handling, odorless, and quick setting. Dimensional stability in air is good, but exposure to water may cause difficulty. It is very stiff when set; therefore, impression withdrawal may be more difficult than with materials now in use.
Hardening of Dental Gold-Copper Alloys
Authors: Leinfelder K.F. , O'Brien W.J. , Taylor D.F.
Published: November 2010

X-ray diffraction studies of several proprietary dental gold alloys demonstrated that hardening probably is a dual mechanism of precipitation and order-hardening. Lattice parameter measurements showed that the ordered structure was AuCu. In addition, it was shown that maximum hardness occurs at about 75% full order.
Relation of the Orogranulocytic Migratory Rate to Periodontal Disease and Blood Leukocyte Count: A Clinical Study
Authors: Woolweaver D.A. , Koch G.G. , Crawford J.J. , Lundblad R.L.
Published: November 2010

Number and types of oral leukocytes counted in concatenated samples of saliva were related to the severity and extent of periodontal disease in 50 individuals between 19 and 65 years of age. The oral polymorphonuclear leukocyte level was independent of leukocyte levels in peripheral blood, and was correlated best with degrees of gingivitis.
Normal Neonatal Mandibular Growth not Affected by Muscular Inactivity
Authors: Jacobs Richard M.
Published: November 2010

A muscle relaxant and a central nervous system depressant were used to induce muscle paralysis in 10-day-old mice. The loss of muscular activity did not seem to alter the mandibular growth rate.
In Vitro Culture of Periodontal Ligament Cells
Authors: Arnold Lee F. , Baram Peter
Published: November 2010

A number of methods for in vitro culture of periodontal ligament fibroblasts were investigated. One successful method is described. Such cells can be maintained readily in subculture. Indications of growth of these cells on sections of enzymatically debrided teeth are reported.
Regeneration of Periodontal and Transseptal Fibers After Autografts in Rhesus Monkeys : A Qualitative Approach
Authors: Hurst Robert V.V.
Published: November 2010

Autografts were performed on rhesus monkeys. After standard endodontic procedures and reimplantation the monkeys were killed at one week intervals. Elastic, reticulin, collagen, and oxytalan fibers were studied histologically in the periodontal ligament and transseptal regions. Ankylosis and fiber degeneration may be related to the quality of the regenarted fibers and the lack of functional stimulation during fiber regeneration.
Histochemical Investigation of the Modal Specificity of Taste
Authors: Trefz Bruce
Published: November 2010

The taste mechanism was investigated in a primate (Macaca mulatta). Based on the hypothesis that intracellular enzymes contribute to the transduction of tastes to electric impulses by taste cells, a histochemical survey of the activity of several enzymes was made on taste buds from regions of the mouth associated with sweet, salt, sour, and bitter tastes. Considerable differences were noted among the modalities, which confirmed the hypothesis. An exclusively bitter enzyme was identified.
Salivary Electrolyte Changes During the Normal Menstrual Cycle
Authors: Puskulian Louiza
Published: November 2010

Daily samples of parotid and submaxillary saliva were collected from eight females during a complete menstrual cycle. Findings revealed significant electrolyte changes in the submaxillary saliva. Comparison of menstrual and midcycle concentrations of calcium and sodium demonstrated a notable decrease in calcium and sodium at midcycle, whereas potassium levels increased significantly. Changes were attributed to a probable hormonal effect on salivary composition.
Thermogravimetric Analysis of Composite Restorative Resins
Authors: Acharya Abhijit , Greener E.H.
Published: November 2010

Thermogravimetric analyses of six commercial brands of composite restorative resins were performed at temperatures from 25 to 700 C in air with a heating rate of 9.5 Cl minute. The reported ashed weight was assumed to be the filler weight. The thermogravimetric technique as applied to these composite resins was effective in deriving basic information about polymer systems.
X-Radiation Spectra
Authors: Rechtien J.J. , Lautenschlager E.P. , Norling B.K.
Published: November 2010

A computer program was developed whereby input of kilovoltage, current voltage wave form, and types and thicknesses of filters results in output that predicts the X-radiation spectra encountered in dental practice. The computed results agree with measured spectra.
Patterns of Dental Caries in Osborne-Mendel and NIH Black Rats in Relation to Length of the Caries Test Period
Authors: Larson Rachel H. , Zickus Carol S.
Published: November 2010

Both Osborne-Mendel and NIH Black rats developed carious lesions on the smooth surfaces and in the sulci during the first week on an intensive caries-test challenge. The number and size of lesions continued to increase throughout a ten week experiment. Progression on different surfaces varied with the strain, but final levels were not significantly different.
Mechanism of Acid Attack in Human Enamel as Determined by Electron Optical Instrumentation Analysis
Authors: Hamilton W.J. , Judd G. , Ansell G.S.
Published: November 2010

Extraction replicas of human enamel were prepared directly from acid-etched tooth surfaces. Sequential examinations by electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electron probe microanalysis revealed that the extracted particles were pieces of rod core material. The findings indicated that the mechanism of acid attack was primarily a penetration through the interface between the rod core and rod sheath.
Assessment of the Reliability of Radiographic Diagnosis in a Clinical Caries Trial
Authors: De Paola Paul F. , Alman John
Published: November 2010

A method of repeated assessment of radiographic study material was used in an attempt to develop indices of consistency and reliability. The interpretation of the coefficient of reliability was complicated by the large intersubject variability relative to examiner error. Of the various indices generated, the F tests for replications and for treatment by replication interaction are suggested as useful immediately.
A Biochemical Measure of Stress in Patients with Myofascial Pain-Dysfunction Syndrome
Authors: Evaskus David S. , Laskin Daniel M.
Published: November 2010

Measurement of urinary catecholamine and 17-hydroxy steroid levels showed that patients with myofascial pain-dysfunction syndrome are under greater emotional stress than control individuals. These findings support the psychophysiologic theory of the etiology of this syndrome.
Tooth Development in Protemnodon eugenii
Authors: Berkovitz B.K.B.
Published: November 2010

Tooth development was studied in a series of pouch-young specimens of Protemnodon eugenii. The single replacing premolar originated from the dental lamina that is directly anterior to the deciduous molariform tooth. Two functionless incisors in each quadrant also were observed during development.
Fluoride Supplementation During Lactation: Caries Inhibition without Reduction in Enamel Solubility
Authors: Clark William B. , Kreitzman Stephen N.
Published: November 2010

The mechanism of caries inhibition by sodium fluoride was studied in the albino rat and in vitro using mild acid buffer and a phosphatase model system. Feeding of fluoride to lactating mothers affected the ultimate caries experience of the pups, but did not reduce the subsequent solubility of the molar tooth enamel, or the ability of the enamel to act as a substrate for phosphoprotein phosphatase.
Effects of Glucose and Urea on Dental Deposit pH in Dogs
Authors: Loux J.J. , Alioto R. , Yankell S.L.
Published: November 2010

The pH of deposits that formed on the maxillary incisors, canines, and premolars of adult beagles 1, 3, and 20 weeks after prophylaxis was measured before and after the application of 5% glucose or 5% urea solutions. The pH decreased between 0.23 and 1.68 units after glucose, and increased between 0.69 and 1.96 units after urea.
Comparison of Histological Stained Sections with Culturing Techniques in the Evaluation of Contaminated Wounds
Authors: Beasley Joe D. , Gross Arthur , Cutright Duane E.
Published: November 2010

Three methods of evaluating contaminated wounds were studied and compared in 80 albino rats. No absolute degree of reliability can be obtained with any one of the three methods, but a combination of methods plus certain clinical data may yield possible qualitative and quantitative information.
Preliminary Study of Inhibitory Effects of Tetracyclines on Membranous Bone Growth in Rhesus Monkeys
Authors: Yen Peter K.-J. , Shaw James H.
Published: November 2010

Various doses and forms of tetracycline were administered to young monkeys that received multiple injections of lead acetate as a vital marker of the calcification sites. The effects of these tetracyclines on membranous bone growth were assessed histologically ; retarded bone growth occurred under some conditions.
Optimum Trituration Capsule Length
Authors: Lautenschlager E.P. , Rechtien J.J. , Norling B.K.
Published: November 2010

The equations of dental amalgamator motions for relative capsule and charge velocities are derived at impact as a function of the ratio of capsule length to amalgamator amplitude, independent of triturator speed. The best theoretical conditions for amalgam trituration occur near a ratio of πl2.
Relation of Body Mass to Respiration in Rodent Incisor Pulp
Authors: Fisher Alton K.
Published: November 2010

The mean QO2 of pooled incisor pulps from four species of rodents that ranged in mean weight from 18.6 to 714.0 gm was determined at 10, 20, 30, and 40 C. An approximately linear inverse relation between the QO2 at 40 C and body mass was found. The estimated QO2 values at 38° for rat and rabbit incisor pulp demonstrated the inverse relation more emphatically.
A New Dental Superalloy System: II. Mechanical Properties
Authors: Mohammed Hamdi , Asgar Kamal
Published: November 2010

Cobalt-base alloys strengthened by intermetallic compounds of tantalum were prepared and tested. Some of the alloys were stronger and more ductile than conventional base-metal alloys.
Scanning Electron Microscope Study of Dentin Exposed by Contact Facets and Cervical Abrasion
Authors: Isokawa Sohiti , Kubota Kimio , Kuwajima Kaoru
Published: November 2010

Scanning electron microscope studies of exposed dentin revealed superficial surface accumulations and intratubular changes.
Studies in the Design and Analysis of Dental Experiments: 14. Replicate Latin Squares
Authors: Varma Andre A.O. , Chilton Neal W. , Kutscher Austin H.
Published: November 2010

Three doses of a lozenge were administered in two locations to 30 individuals (including six smokers) assigned to five 6 by 6 Latin squares. The two locations, the corresponding dose-response curves, and the effect of smoking were compared. No significant differences in the dissolution times were found.
Water Lavage and Tissue Calibration Study in Rats
Authors: Cutright Duane E. , Beasley Joe D. , Bhaskar Surindar N. , Larson Wayne J.
Published: November 2010

The effect of a pulsating water jet delivered at a calibrated known force per unit area at a constant tip-to-tissue distance on oral mucosal sites of varying tissue densities was studied. The degree of tissue damage was determined by two factors: the force of the water jet and the density of the target tissue.