bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Compétence plurilingue et pluriculturelle dans l'enseignement universitaire du FLE au Brésil
Authors: Neves Angela das
Published: January 2025

Résumé :
Tout comme les relations culturelles entre la France et le Brésil sont anciennes, notre système didactique de l’enseignement de langues étrangères reflète ce que les théories et les approches européennes de référence ont établi au fil du temps. Par contre,
la diversité du contexte social et éducatif brésilien apporte encore un degré supérieur de complexité à ces questions, qui cherchent à valoriser non seulement notre héritage européen mais surtout nos racines originaires amérindiennes et africaines, depuis la vague nécessaire et indomptée des études décoloniales. Ayant pour mission de préparer
les jeunes à devenir des acteurs sociaux au contact de différentes langues et cultures, l’université a perfectionné leurs approches méthodologiques, en termes d’ouverture aux cultures minoritaires.
Nous proposons ici une relecture théorique des approches plurielles, un modèle et des séquences didactiques qui reprennent des connaissances acquises des universitaires au cœur de ces discussions et favorisent le développement des compétences interprétative et interculturelle. En approfondissant les réflexions à propos des concepts de culture, identité, altérité, plurilinguisme et pluriculturalisme, les étudiants progressent dans les interrelations entre leur langue-culture maternelle et le FLE, établissant leurs propres chemins en fonction de leurs choix d’immersion linguistique et culturelle.
A expressão subjetiva e musical em Les Lauriers Sont Coupés de Édouard Dujardin
Authors: De Oliveira Andressa Cristina , Ezarqui Carla Alexandra
Published: January 2025

Objetiva-se com este artigo analisar de que maneira o romance Les lauriers sont coupés (1887), de Édouard Dujardin, reproduz o pensamento em formação, além de investigar a forma como aprofunda a expressão subjetiva, tendo em vista seu surgimento no contexto simbolista, bem como sua expressão em primeira pessoa. A obra representou um marco na história da literatura, no final do século XIX, no que diz respeito à evolução da instância narrativa, uma vez que emprega o monólogo interior, contínua e majoritariamente, de modo a focalizar não mais os fatos, mas a sua duração, causando uma dissolução do enredo e das personagens, além de exaltar a poesia do instante presente. No entanto, o mérito do autor só foi reconhecido graças à publicação de Ulysses, de James Joyce, apogeu, até os dias atuais, da representação literária do pensamento. Ao emprego contínuo e introspectivo do monólogo está implicado o movimento de libertação da poesia promovido pelos poetas simbolistas, bem como o intento desta expressão estética de aproximar a música à poesia.
sino e o relógio
Authors: Santos Natália Gonçalves de Souza
Published: January 2025

Resenha da obra 
CAMILO, Vagner, GUIMARÃES, Hélio de Seixas. O sino e o relógio: uma antologia do conto romântico brasileiro. São Paulo: Carambaia, 2020, ISBN 978-85-69002-68-0, 416p.
narrador ardiloso em “Antonia”, de Machado de Assis
Authors: De Castro Valdiney Valente Lobato
Published: January 2025

Machado de Assis é o principal autor da segunda metade do século XIX no Brasil. Sua produção estende-se por mais de meio século e se distribui em poesias, peças teatrais, críticas literárias, crônicas, romances e contos. Sua celebridade dá-se, entre vários motivos, pelo amadurecimento do romance brasileiro por meio de sua pena: é por meio de sua obra que narradores muito singulares apresentaram personagens que se tornaram emblemáticos na literatura brasileira. Essa maturidade ganha destaque a partir de 1880 com a publicação em folhetim do romance Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas no jornal O Globo. No entanto, desde suas primeiras narrativas, já é possível observar ardilosos narradores muito antes da publicação dos primeiros romances machadianos. O conto “Antonia”, pertencente à série “Cinco Mulheres”, saída no Jornal das Famílias em 1865, apresenta um narrador muito bem elaborado e que conduz a trama narrativa de uma maneira muito peculiar. Repousa nesse conto o objetivo principal desse texto: analisar o narrador do conto “Antonia”, publicado em 1865 no Jornal das Famílias, a fim de perceber as inovações propostas por Machado de Assis. A análise possivelmente ajudará a compreender o processo de amadurecimento do autor, bem como a perceber aspectos do estilo machadiano.
Tom Sawyer e a subversão dos valores na literatura infantil oitocentista
Authors: Herrera Braga Luiza , Cano Jefferson
Published: January 2025

O presente trabalho propõe uma leitura da obra As aventuras de Tom Sawyer, de Mark Twain. A investigação se debruça sobre a análise do modelo infantil formulado através da construção de Tom Sawyer, atentando para sua característica expansiva e travessa, bem como pelo foco no aspecto subversivo da personalidade da criança, sendo esse relevante tanto para sua composição quanto para a orientação de suas ações.
Interaction Design (IxD) of an Intelligent Tutor for Programming Learning Based on LLM
Authors: Levchuk Oleksiy , Sánchez Carlos , Pacheco Nancy , Favela Jesús
Published: January 2025

The emergent behavior of automatic programming exhibited by Large Language Models (LLMs) has raised uncertainty about the future of programming and its teaching. To better understand this phenomenon, we conducted a field study with programming instructors and students that informed the design of an intelligent tutor to integrate Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) into the educational environment. The resulting tool, EVA-Tutor (Virtual Learning Environment), supports the teaching and learning process of programming by establishing bidirectional communication between the student and the LLM through a GPT-4 API and a set of prompts designed to guide and motivate the student with personalized feedback. Rather than solving the problem for the student, the tool helps direct them toward solving it independently. A preliminary evaluation with students and instructors provides evidence of EVA-Tutor's utility and ease of use for problem-solving, knowledge acquisition, and the development of programming skills.
AI Assistants in the Workplace: Goal-Oriented Recommendations Using LLM
Authors: Perera Ravindu , Gendron Claire , Delgado Cecilia , Hernández Alberto Campos , Muñoz Victor Rios , Rogers Mathew , Toxtli Carlos
Published: January 2025

Self-quantifying technology enables users to evaluate their performance and define strategies for improvement. Workplace technology assists users in identifying activities and patterns that facilitate task completion. Software that measures workplace signals requires access to information from the user interface and peripherals. Current software solutions that track computer activity lack goal orientation and do not share raw data that could aid users and researchers in analyzing behavioral patterns at work. This paper presents Wellbot, an intelligent AI assistant capable of tracking workers' activities and providing personalized insights. The solution employs machine learning models to detect goal-oriented and recreational time. Based on users' goals and recent activities, Wellbot generates recommendations aided by Large Language Models. This work aims to enable tools that assist workers through an improved understanding of their context and goals.
Technology Acceptance of Tinkercad for 3D Object Design Using Block-based Programming
Authors: Garnica-Arciga Felix R. , Cerrato-Abdala Brenda , Gaytán-Lugo Laura S. , Santana-Mancilla Pedro C. , García-Ruíz Miguel A.
Published: January 2025

Block-based programming, with its logical and structured sequence of instructions through graphical connections, is a powerful tool for developing programming skills. Tinkercad, a platform known for its versatility, uses block programming for a variety of tasks, including 3D modeling. This paper presents the results of a study that evaluated the acceptance of Tinkercad in educational activities focused on designing 3D models for practicing block coding among Mechatronics Engineering students. To achieve this, a three-day online workshop was conducted with 20 participants. Upon completion of the workshop, an adaptation of the Technology Acceptance Model instrument was applied to evaluate the acceptance of Tinkercad as a tool to facilitate block coding topics. The results were positive, demonstrating the ease of use and usefulness of Tinkercad for these students.
This century (so far) of HCI in Mexico
Authors: Garcia-Macias J. Antonio , Favela Jesus
Published: January 2025

We aim to give a panoramic view of the HCI field in Mexico, from an academic perspective. We conduct a bibliometric analysis to have a glance of Mexican academia activity within the international CHI community: the productivity, main authors, institutions, collaborations, and research topics. We use the archives of the main journals and conferences to conduct this analysis. The results indicate that productivity has experienced a notable increase in recent years and that Mexican authors prefer to publish their research in archival journals rather than top conferences.
A Mobile Application for Mexican Youth Alcohol Interventions
Authors: Gutierrez Leonardo J. , Parra Mario O. , Castro Luis A. , Banos Oresti
Published: January 2025

Risky alcohol consumption and binge drinking among Mexican youth represent significant public health issues. In this work, we present SofIA, a mobile application designed to monitor and intervene in the alcohol consumption patterns of Mexican youth. We designed a naturalistic, formative study intended to obtain feedback on SofIA. This study aimed to assess the usability and effectiveness of the application using the System Usability Scale (SUS) and the Chatbot Usability Questionnaire (CUQ). Our results indicate a moderate level of usability with suggestions for targeted improvements to enhance user experience and application efficacy. This study provides insights into the design of mobile apps for public health interventions for youth alcohol misuse, highlighting the need for further research to optimize these digital tools.
The Impact of Mother’s Education on Their Children’s Academic Performance: A Study Based on the Secondary Schools in Vavuniya District, Sri Lanka
Authors: S. Athirathan
Published: January 2025

Mother has crucial role in their children’s education such as motivation, facilitation, healthcare, school involvement. Mother’s education level has a significant relationship on their children education. Purpose of the study is identify the relationship mother education level on students’ achievement of students in the schools of Vavuniya District. The study was adopted descriptive survey design. The data collection and analysis approach was a mixed method using qualitative and quantitative techniques. Data were collected through a closed-ended questionnaire consisting of 100 students and their mothers selected from a total of 725 students studying in four different schools in a backward area under Vavuniya district using a random sampling technique. The data were collected through a questionnaire consisting of completely closed-ended questions Mother’s education was significantly associated with student learning activities at schools Mother’s education was significantly associated with parent involvement at school. Using mother’s education as an indicator of cultural capital, the findings suggest mothers with more capital in the form of a degree are more involved than mothers with lower levels of education. Parent Volunteering. As hypothesized, mother’s level of education was correlated with parent volunteering. The effects were stronger for mothers without collegiate level education. Mothers with a college degree or higher were more likely to be involved with volunteering. Mother’s level of education significantly correlated with group activities for less than a high school diploma and a college degree or higher
Analysis of the Information Management System for Acute Flaccid Paralysis Surveillance in Togo
Authors: Gmakouba Wankpaouyare , Tarkpessi Kossi , Assonde Ditorgue Kodjo
Published: January 2025

The Global Polio Eradication Initiative remains relevant only if acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance systems maintain optimal performance. Regular evaluations of these systems are essential to identify shortcomings, enhance capacity, and ensure an appropriate response. In this context, a comprehensive analysis of the documentation and communication methods used during AFP case investigations was conducted in the Ogou health zone in Togo. This assessment aimed to highlight potential gaps and propose corrective measures to strengthen the fight against polio.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was carried out across 13 primary healthcare centers, the district health laboratory, and the national reference laboratory, which are critical links in the AFP epidemiological surveillance chain. Data were collected using a structured grid to extract information from registers, suspect case investigation forms, AFP notification forms, stool sample accompanying forms, and weekly reports. Additionally, semi-structured individual questionnaires were administered to personnel involved in AFP case investigations to gather their perspectives and experiences.

Results:

The AFP surveillance system’s responsiveness was generally satisfactory, with a median alert notification time of 18 hours, below the prescribed threshold of 24 hours. Report completeness was also deemed satisfactory. However, timeliness in transmitting results, both by the national reference laboratory and the primary healthcare centers, remained insufficient. Evaluating the information management system revealed logistical and organizational deficiencies within the AFP surveillance system.
Towards Humanised and Respectful Childbirth in Togo: Promoting Women’s Dignity and Rights in Obstetric Settings
Authors: GMAKOUBA Wankpaouyare , BANTAKPA Salaraga , BINI Mazabalo
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Childbirth, a critical and vulnerable phase in women’s lives, is often marred by dehumanizing practices in regions such as Togo, where inadequate healthcare infrastructure and a lack of training in respectful care exacerbate the challenges. While the WHO advocates for care centered on women’s rights and dignity, local realities reveal significant gaps, particularly regarding the choice of birthing positions and respect for cultural preferences [1]. Promoting humanized childbirth emerges as a key solution to improving patient experiences, strengthening their trust in the healthcare system, and reducing maternal mortality. This article highlights initiatives supporting this approach in Togo, exploring the progress made, persistent challenges, and recommendations for mainstreaming practices that place women at the center of obstetric care.

Methodology

The study is based on a literature review and semi-structured interviews with local stakeholders: women, health care providers, traditional chiefs, community health workers and members of management committees. Data were drawn from institutional reports, care monitoring documents and testimonies collected in May 2024.

Results

The results show that several respectful and humanised birth practices, such as the use of squatting, sitting or standing positions, promote a better birth experience. A significant improvement has been observed in the number of births attended by skilled personnel, which has doubled in three years in certain peripheral care units (USP) in Togo. These changes correlate with an increase in women’s satisfaction and better adherence to postpartum family planning and newborn care.

Discussion

The study highlights the importance of respecting women’s cultural preferences, such as their preference for traditional birthing positions (squatting, sitting), which are often considered more natural and comfortable. This respect for cultural beliefs not only promotes trust in the health system, but also improves obstetric outcomes.

Conclusion

Promoting humane, respectful childbirth in Togo requires systematic reform of obstetric practices, commitment from local communities and adaptation to cultural norms. By placing women’s rights and dignity at the centre of care, it is possible to improve the quality of maternal health care and services, and increase client adherence and satisfaction with health facilities.
Determinants of Customer Switching Behaviour in the Zimbabwean Banking Industry
Authors: Vhimisai Takaivona , Bhiri Thomas , Mutambanadzo Tendekayivanhu
Published: January 2025

The world over, retail banks are grappling with the problem of excessive customer defections which negatively impacts their cost structures, revenues and profitability. This study examined the determinants of a surge in customer defections witnessed in the Zimbabwean retail banking industry. An explanatory design was adopted to gather categorical data from 5 Customer Relationship Managers and 402 bank customers, based in 13 cities across the country, through telephone interviews and self-administered questionnaires respectively. Sampling was done in multiple stages, starting with the clustering of potential participants around their cities of residence, followed by their stratification into customers of 5 retail banks which have branches in each of the 13 cities, leading to the random selection of an equal number of participants from each stratum. Using a generalised ordinal logistic regression model, the study revealed that transaction costs, bank reputation, distance from the bank, attractiveness of competing banks’ promotional efforts and level of education are significant positive predictors whereas service quality is a significant negative predictor of customers’ likelihood of switching banks. However, factors such as a customer’s age, gender and switching experience are insignificant considerations in customer switching decisions. The study concluded that, in Zimbabwe, a customer’s bank switching decision is driven by a combination of situational, influential and reactional factors. To tame the scourge of excessive customer defections, it is imperative for retail banks to enhance customer retention by conducting frequent customer needs reviews, regular service quality checks and refresher courses for staff, improving their customer relationship management functions by fully embracing the “Know Your Customer” (KYC) principle as well as establishing secure, affordable and user-friendly electronic banking delivery channels at their customers’ doorsteps.
Sustainability of the Malay Landscape Aesthetic Model in Urban Design: Case Studies of Kota Tinggi, Kuala Kangsar, and Kota Bharu
Authors: Baharum Hasrina , Hamzah Nordiana , Ahmad Tajuddin Siti Nor Amalina
Published: January 2025

This study examines the application of Malay cultural landscape aesthetic elements in the context of contemporary urban development, focusing on Kota Tinggi, Kuala Kangsar, and Kota Bharu. The main issue of this study is the pressure of urbanization and modernization that threatens the sustainability of traditional elements such as gateways, gardens, and mosques, which are crucial for cultural identity and fulfilling the needs of modern society. The primary objective of this study is to identify the similarities and differences in the application of aesthetic elements among these three cities and analyze how these elements meet the needs of society in terms of biological, cultural, emotional, intellectual, and religious aspects. This study employs a qualitative approach using a multiple case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, direct observations, and document analysis, focusing on five key principles: biological needs, cultural development, intellectual creativity, emotional well-being, and religious fulfillment. Research instruments include checklists and interview guides based on sustainability principles. Data were analyzed using a thematic approach to identify patterns in the application of traditional elements in the three cities. The findings reveal that traditional elements such as rivers, gardens, and mosques continue to play a significant role but have been adapted to modern technologies. For example, the protective functions of traditional city have been replaced with digital security systems, while cultural and religious elements such as palaces and mosques continue to be symbols of identity. The study also discovered that creativity in architecture and traditional arts ensures these elements stay relevant to modern society couple with strategic integration and modern elements. This study thus, provides implications for urban planners and policymakers in preserving cultural values while addressing the current needs of society.
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN HIDROKUINON PADA KRIM WHITENING YANG BEREDAR DITOKO KOSMETIK X DESA PURWOSARI KABUPATEN PASURUAN
Authors: Rosita Rosita , Ardianto Nanang , Wardana Fendy Yoga
Published: January 2025

Krim pemutih adalah kosmetik yang terdiri dari bahan kimia dan bahan lain yang dapat memucatkan noda hitam (coklat) pada kulit. Hidrokuinon adalah bahan tambahan dalam krim pemutih. Hidrokuinon adalah bahan aktif yang dapat mengontrol produksi pigmen yang tidak rata, lebih berfungsi untuk mengurangi atau menghambat pembentukan melanin. Penggunaan hidrokuinon dalam kosmetik tidak boleh lebih dari 2%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktan ada tidaknya kandungan hidrokuinon dalam berbagai merek krim pemutih yang beredar di toko kosmetik x desa purwosari kabupaten pasuruan. Sampel krim pemutih yang diteliti adalah sampel A, sampel B, sampel C, sampel D, sampel E, kemudian kandungan zat hidrokuinon diamati menggunakan metode kromatografi lapis tpis (KLT) dan metode spektrofotometri uv- vis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kelima sampel krim pemutih memiliki kadar zat hidrokuinon yaitu sampel A sebesar 0,69%, sampel B sebesar 1,40%, sampel C sebesar 1,40%, sampel D sebesar 0,8%, dan sampel E sebesar 0,9%. Jadi dari penelitian tersebut bahwa krim pemutih yang terdapat di toko kosmetik X mengandung hidrokuinon tidak lebih dari 2%
GAMBARAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN IBU HAMIL TERHADAP PENTINGNYA ASAM FOLAT PADA KEHAMILAN DI RSIA MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
Authors: Wardana Fendi Yoga , Mukholifah Siti , Sekti Beta Herilla
Published: January 2025

Asam folat (vitamin B9) sangat penting selama kehamilan, dan merupakan satu-satunya vitamin yang kebutuhannya selama hamil berlipat dua. Pemberian asam folat pada ibu hamil diketahui untuk mencegah terjadinya cacat tabung saraf terutama tulang belakang tidak menutup sempurna otak janin tidak terbentuk. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif menggunakan metode observasional cross-sectional dengan pengamatan pada bulan Juni 2023. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan membagikan lembar kuesioner pada responden yang berkenan menjadi responden, sebelum analisis data melakukan data tabulating yaitu dengan memasukan data dalam tabel berdasarkan tujuan penelitian agar memudahkan data tabulating, maka perlu dibuat dummy tabel yaitu tabel kosong yang akan digunakan untuk mengkajikan hasil penelitian. Pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang pentingnya asam folat dalam kehamilan sebagian besar termaksud dalam kategori cukup dengan persentase sebesar 47,82% (33 orang) sisanya tergolong dalam kategori pengetahuan baik sebesar 47,82% (34 orang) dan pengetahuan kurang sebesar 2,90% (2 orang).
ANÁLISE DA ALTERNATIVA TÁTICA TÉCNICAS NÃO LETAIS NO GERENCIAMENTO DE CRISES
Authors: Tschumi Raphael , Zanato Felipe
Published: January 2025

O objetivo geral deste artigo foi analisar as Técnicas Não Letais, uma das Alternativas Táticas do Gerenciamento de Crises empregado para a resolução de eventos críticos pelo Batalhão de Operações Especiais (BOPE) da Polícia Militar do Paraná (PMPR). Trata-se de um estudo de revisão bibliográfica e estudo de caso, em que o método de pesquisa adotado foi o exploratório e descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, apresentando estatísticas acerca das ocorrências críticas em que o BOPE atuou de 2003 a 2024, analisando ainda as Técnicas Não Letais sob o ponto de vista dos Direitos Humanos no Brasil. Os resultados mostraram que o BOPE da Polícia Militar do Paraná assume a missão de gerenciamento de crises para buscar uma solução aceitável nos eventos críticos, e o emprego de técnicas não letais como alternativa tática busca alcançar resultados humanizados e positivos. Conclui-se que o conjunto de  Técnicas Não Letais dentro do Gerenciamento de Crises compõe uma ferramenta importante, partindo do princípio de preservar vidas, aplicar a lei e restabelecer a ordem, por isso, no Paraná, a PMPR conta com procedimentos técnicos bem definidos que auxiliam o BOPE a atuar em eventos críticos de maneira positiva e com muitas vidas preservadas.
Dark microglia: a therapeutic target to prevent synaptic loss and neurodegeneration?
Authors: Tremblay Marie-Eve
Published: January 2025

Dark microglia is a distinct state of microglia progressively increasing with aging and present in high numbers in neurodegenerative diseases. Dark microglia are characterised by various ultrastructural markers of cellular stress, including a condensed, electron-dense cytoplasm and nucleoplasm, giving them a dark appearance in electron microscopy. Expression of classical homeostatic microglia markers such as like IBA1, P2RY12 and TMEM119 is significantly down-regulated in dark microglia. Dark microglial cells are also hyper-ramified and make extensive interactions, phagocytic and non-phagocytic, with synapses, myelinated axons, amyloid plaques and the vasculature, suggesting a role in brain remodelling in aging and disease. Emergence of dark microglia is linked to the activation of integrated stress response. It is suggested that metabolic interventions such as ketogenic diets and supplements could be effective at targeting and normalizing dark microglia, with positive outcomes on brain resilience and healthy cognitive aging.

Keywords: microglia; synaptic loss; neurodegeneration; Alzheimer’s disease; integrated stress response; metabolism; magnetic resonance imaging
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kebutuhan Keberhasilan Belajar (Intelegensi)
Authors: Fauziah Syifaul , Nirwan
Published: January 2025

Education has an important role in supporting a person's success in achieving success. The importance of education encourages the government to continually make changes to the curriculum to accommodate it to the needs of students. In the learning process, each student has different learning needs. There are students who prefer to learn visually, while others prefer to learn auditorily or kinesthetically. Apart from that, there are also students with special needs, such as students with disabilities, who need better accessibility. When students' learning needs are not met, they will experience difficulties in understanding the subject matter and following the learning process effectively. This can impact students' learning outcomes and potentially reduce their academic performance. Therefore, it is very important for teachers and educational staff to understand students' learning needs well. By understanding students' learning needs, teachers can adapt learning approaches that are appropriate for each student, so that they can understand the subject matter better and more effectively. Intellectual intelligence also influences learning from the kinesthetic, musical, visual-spatial, interpersonal, intrapersonal and naturalistic aspects, or what is usually called Multiple Intelligences. Multiple Intelligences which includes eight intelligences are basically a development of brain intelligence (IQ), emotional intelligence (EQ), spiritual intelligence (SQ). The application of this method should be carried out by all educational staff in collaboration with parents, synergizing to develop various types of intelligence in students in the learning process carried out within educational institutions. Through the application of this method, children's academic abilities and potential will be explored and developed from an early age
Hubungan Pendidikan Dengan Perkembangan Peserta Didik
Authors: Putra Fikri Hakim
Published: January 2025

Indonesia currently requires human resources in sufficient quantity and quality as the main support for development. And to fulfill this, education has a very important role. Based on the functions and objectives of national education, it is explained that education at every level, including in schools, must be organized systematically so that students can experience the process of growth and development. This research uses the literature review method, the literature review method is a research approach that focuses on reviewing and analyzing literature related to a topic or problem. The aim is to understand the development of existing knowledge, identify research gaps, and formulate a theoretical basis to support the research being carried out Education is a very important need for humans. Thus, humans can achieve progress in various fields which can ultimately place a person in a better degree. It should be recognized that not all humans can grow and develop according to what they expect and want. Therefore, education is a necessity that is quite important in experiencing change and progress in this modern era.
A Review on Animal Utilization in Toxicology and Safety Assessment and its Ethical Guidelines
Authors: Ms. Nikita Laxman Pawar  , Miss. Rutuja U Shelke
Published: January 2025

Animal studies play a crucial role in evaluating the safety and toxicity of pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and consumer products. In toxicology and safety assessment, animal models are used to predict potential adverse effects in humans, ensuring the protection of public health. This topic explores the use of animal studies in identifying toxicological profiles, assessing risk, and informing regulatory decisions.
Animal models have been extensively used in toxicology and safety assessment to evaluate the potential risks of chemicals, drugs, and other substances on human health and the environment. The use of animals in toxicology studies provides valuable information on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of substances, as well as their potential toxicity and carcinogenicity.
Importance of Animal Models
1.Predicting human toxicity: Animal studies help predict potential human toxicity and identify potential health risks.
2. Evaluating safety: Animal studies evaluate the safety of substances for human use and environmental release.
3. Developing new drugs: Animal models are used to develop and test new drugs, vaccines, and therapies
Хёнчхунса — храм памяти адмирала Ли Сун Сина
Authors: Сенчищева М.В.
Published: January 2025

В статье впервые в отечественной историографии исследуется ранее малоизученный вопрос о реставрации уникального мемориального памятника, посвященного адмиралу Ли Сун Сину, проведённой в годы правления президента Пак Чон Хи. Впервые храм-святилище был воздвигнут в 1706 г., повторно он был отстроен в 1932 г. на народные деньги, а в 1966-м— проведена грандиозная реконструкция, после которой Хёнчхунса стал местом проведения крупных государственных мероприятий и паломничества туристов. Масштабное восстановление и обновление святилища, наряду с движением за установление памятников героям корейской истории и другими инициативами президента, было частью культурной политики Пак Чон Хи, направленной на укрепление и поддержание режима, а также получение большей поддержки народа. В статье рассматриваются подробности самой реконструкции, дан анализ мотивов её проведения и оценены последствия как для внутренней политики, так и для усиления легитимности власти, а также показана её роль в сплочении общества вокруг лидера страны. После реконструкции храмовый комплекс стал местом поминовения адмирала Ли Сун Сина, празднования в честь которого стали проводиться ежегодно как общенациональный день памяти великого патриота страны.

For the first time in Russian historiography, this article explores the previously under-researched topic of the restoration of a unique memorial monument dedicated to Admiral Yi Sun-sin, which took place during the reign of President Park Chung-hee. The sanctuary temple was originally erected in 1706, rebuilt in 1932 with public donations, and underwent a significant reconstruction in 1966. Following this reconstruction, Hyeongchunsa became a venue for major state events and tourist pilgrimages. The large-scale restoration and renovation of the sanctuary, along with the movement to establish monuments to the heroes of Korean history and other initiatives by the president, formed part of Park Chung-hee's cultural policy aimed at strengthening and maintaining the regime, as well as garnering greater support from the populace. This article examines the specifics of the reconstruction process, elucidates the motives behind it, and assesses its consequences for domestic policy, including its role in enhancing the legitimacy of power and uniting society around the country's leader. After the reconstruction, the temple complex became a site for commemorating Admiral Yi Sun-sin, with annual celebrations held in his honor as a National Day of Remembrance for this great patriot of the country.
Destruction of mineral components of red mud during hydrothermal extraction of scandium
Authors:   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation, Kenzhaliyev B.K. , Abikak Ye.B. ,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation, Gladyshev S.V. ,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation, Manapova A.I. ,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation, Imangaliyeva L.M. ,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation
Published: January 2025

The technology of scandium extraction from red mud of bauxite processing by hydrochemical method has been developed, including preliminary treatment of red mud with alkaline solution for aluminum extraction, subsequent thermochemical transformation in sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and repulping in solution containing a mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogen carbonate and sorption extraction of scandium from carbonization solution. As a result of pretreatment of red mud with alkaline solution, with the addition of CaO at the rate of obtaining the ratio of CaO:SiO2= 1:1 in the pulp at a temperature of 240-260°C extraction of aluminum obtained in the solution more than 80%. To increase the degree of extraction of scandium, thermochemical transformation of the phase composition of red mud by treatment with sodium hydrogen carbonate solution at a temperature of 260°C, duration of 6 hours and the ratio L:S = 10. Extraction of scandium from red mud is carried out by pulp repulping method with soda-hydrocarbonate recycling solution containing Na2Otot = 65 g/dm3 at NaHCO3/Na2CO3 ratio~ 2 with solution gassing with carbon dioxide to reach pH≤9 at temperature 80°C and duration 3 hours. According to the developed technology the degree of scandium extraction from red mud amounted to 86.5%. The efficiency of the technology is associated with the destruction of mineral components of red mud as a result of two-stage transformation of the phase composition, its recrystallization and release of the difficult-to-discover part of scandium. The analysis of existing technologies of sorption extraction of scandium from sulfuric acid leaching solutions was carried out, which showed that the best selectivity for scandium is possessed by ion-exchange resins synthesized by phosphorylation of copolymers of styrene and divinylbenzene. When using phosphorus-containing amphoteric ionite Lewatit TP 260, the degree of scandium extraction from the carbonization solution was 98%.
Correlation of ore bodies in a molybdenum-tungsten deposit using the distribution of rock-forming and trace elements
Authors:   Satbayev University, Shihov D. , Bekbotayeva A. ,   Satbayev University
Published: January 2025

The article presents a study of tungsten skarn deposits based on a comprehensive analysis of geological and geochemical data. The research is based on information obtained from drilling and core analysis, photographs, and geochemical surveys. The results identified three main areas of the deposit – Eastern, Central, and Western – with differences in the distribution of ore bodies and mineralization. The main ore body extends over a significant area and contains a substantial proportion of tungsten resources. Mineralized deposits below the main ore body are characterized by varying rock compositions and contain a significant number of ore bodies, including large frameworks. The application of geochemical studies plays a crucial role in understanding geological structures and the formation of mineral deposits. Geochemical data provide information on the composition of rocks, the distribution of elements, and the nature of processes occurring in the Earth's crust. They help establish chemical relationships between different rocks and their minerals, as well as reveal connections with geological structures. The analysis of geochemical data identified correlations between the content of valuable elements and rock lithotypes, aiding in a better understanding of the geological structure of the deposit. Special attention was given to the relationship between zirconium and limestones, identified through geochemical data analysis. The proposed analysis method offers new perspectives for understanding the formation of skarn deposits and developing mining strategies. The study's results represent an important contribution to mining geology and can be used to optimize the exploitation of tungsten skarn deposits.
Mining mapping and exploration using remote sensing data in Kazakhstan: a review
Authors:   Satbayev University, Alpysbay M.A. , Orynbassarova E.O. ,   Satbayev University, Sydyk N.K. ,   Institute of ionosphere, Adebiyet B. ,   Satbayev University, Kamza А.Т. ,   Satbayev University
Published: January 2025

Effective and sustainable resource management is critical to the mining industry, which plays a significant role in the Kazakhstan economy. To achieve this goal, the use of remote sensing technologies has become necessary. These advanced tools are now integral to activities such as mineral mapping, research and environmental monitoring. Therefore, the purpose of this comprehensive review article is to scrutinize how remote sensing data is used specifically in the context of mining in Kazakhstan. The comprehensive review covers a wide range of aspects, including the use of remote sensing for mapping and mineral resource studies. Key findings highlight the growing importance of remote sensing technologies in Kazakhstan's mining industry as they facilitate the precise delineation of ore deposits, enable effective monitoring of environmental impacts and promote optimal use of natural resources. The article discusses the difficulties and limitations encountered in the application of remote sensing data. Particular attention is paid to the need to improve methods of data processing, correction of atmospheric influences and spectral analysis. The overview presented in this paper is of great importance to those involved in research, policy development and industrial sectors who are interested in using remote sensing data to enhance mining activities and promote environmental sustainability in Kazakhstan. By providing a comprehensive analysis of the subject, this review offers valuable information that can help researchers deepen their understanding of the topic and guide them toward more effective strategies.
Analysis of the silicomanganese market worldwide: а review
Authors:   Chemical and Metallurgical Institute named after Zh. Abishev, Makhambetov Ye.N. , Myngzhassar Ye.A. ,   Karaganda industrial university, Abdirashit A.M. ,   Karaganda industrial university, Onuralp Y. ,   Istanbul technical university
Published: January 2025

This article presents data on the production and trade turnover of silicomanganese (SiMn) in the world and Kazakhstan. Based on these studies, it is possible to predict the future state of silicomanganese. The global silicomanganese market is expected to grow from $25.98 billion in 2022 to $28.33 billion in 2023 at a cumulative annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9%. The Russian-Ukrainian war has undermined the chances of a global economic recovery after the Covid-19 pandemic, at least in the short term. The war between the two countries led to economic sanctions against many countries, rising commodity prices and supply chain disruptions, which caused inflation of goods and services and affected many markets around the world. The global silicomanganese market is expected to reach $38.35 billion in 2027 with an average annual growth rate of 7.9%. It is expected that the growing demand for steel products will contribute to the further growth of the silicomanganese market. Steel products are products that are made from iron and metal in factories by various methods and mixed with alloys such as carbon, zinc and others. Silicomanganese is used to produce various types of steel for various purposes, such as carbon steel, alloy steel, manganese steel. Such use leads to an increase in demand for silicomanganese in the production of steel products. For example, in 2022, according to the World Steel Association (WSA), the Belgian international trade organization for Ferrous Metallurgy, steel consumption will increase by 0.4% in 2022, reaching 1.840 million tons. Steel consumption will increase by 2.2% in 2023, reaching 1.881 million tons. Thus, the growing demand for steel products stimulates the silicomanganese market.
Technological research of gold-bearing ore using gravity and flotation methods
Authors:   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation, Abdulvaliev R.A. , Kozhanova A.K. ,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation, Atanova O.V. ,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation, Magomedov D.R. ,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation, Smailov К.М. ,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation, Yusupova S.Zh. ,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation
Published: January 2025

The paper presents the results of technological research on the extraction of gold by hydrometallurgical methods, as well as the beneficiation of gold ore using the methods of centrifugal concentration of gravity and flotation. Valuable ore components were identified by quantitative chemical analysis; a study of the material composition showed that the main industrially valuable mineral in the ore is gold with a content of up to 1.60 g/t, with accompanying silver - 27.96 g/t. Studies of the granulometric composition showed gold content in different size classes, the maximum gold content was 8.01 g/t in samples of size class -0.071 mm. X-ray fluorescence, X-ray phase chemical, fire assay analyzes for gold and silver content were carried out, and a mineralogical study of the ore sample was carried out. Based on the research results, conclusions were drawn about the properties of the deposit's ore; according to mineralogical analysis, the ore under study belongs to the low-sulfide primary type, gold is found mainly in free form and in intergrowths with minerals, the technological type of ore is easily enriched, finely disseminated. It was established that the studied ore is effectively enriched by gravity and flotation methods; as a result of the gravity-flotation scheme, 96.29% of gold was extracted into enrichment concentrates; with the enrichment scheme using surfactants, 91.31% of gold was extracted into concentrates. The recovery of gold by direct cyanidation from ore crushed to 95% of -0.074 mm class was up to 92.78%. The results obtained indicate that gold in the ore is in forms extractable by cyanide leaching. Studies have been conducted on the use of surfactants in the process of flotation and extraction of gold from raw materials by cyanidation in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the processes.
Study of lithological and facies sedimentation conditions in the salt complex of the south of the Caspian Basin in connection with the assessment of oil and gas potential
Authors:   Atyrau University of Oil and Gas named after S. Utebayeva, Azhgaliev D.K. , Baimurzayeva Zh.B. ,   Atyrau University of Oil and Gas named after S. Utebayeva
Published: January 2025

A description of the level of knowledge and regional features over the complex southern region of the Caspian basin is given. Modern ideas about the characteristics of the load and the total salt-dome tectonics on the supports of local structures and the oil and gas accumulation zone are presented. Based on the disclosure of data on the internal structure, the need for a detailed study of the “salt dome - trough”, the patterns of distribution of salt-bearing thickness over the area, and its manifestation on the overlying types of Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous are substantiated. The analysis of data on the structure and oil and gas content of salt dome structures of the southern interfluve of the Ural-Volga and the Yuzhno-Embinsky district is carried out. The factors determining the degree of complexity of the structure of the post-salt strata are substantiated. Including: the relationship between the activity of dome growth and the changes over time in the structural plan along horizons IV, V, and III within the supra-dome, peri-dome areas, and the periphery of the dome, as well as the overall evolution of the 'salt dome – basin' system. The wide strip along the contour of the southern framing of the Caspian basin, which is characterized by a sheet-like and weakly faulted salt occurrence, is emphasized as the most promising in terms of oil and gas bearing. In this strip on the southern framing of the Caspian basin, using the example of the fields of the Prorva group, Borankol, Kisimbay and others, it is shown that promising local structures are characterized by the preservation of the completeness of the section in the supra-dome and sub-dome parts, which provides relatively more favorable conditions for the formation of hydrocarbon traps in them.
Projection Models for selected Infrastructural Requirements for the Implementation of Competency Based Curriculum in Senior Secondary Schools in 2026, in Kenya.
Authors: Sagwa Dorothy , Stephen Odebero , Jason Nganyi
Published: January 2025

The new education system of 2-6-3-3-3 was launched in 2017 and named Competency Based Curriculum (CBC) which replaces the 8-4-4 system. The purpose of this study was to model projections of selected infrastructure requirements for the implementation of the CBC in Senior Secondary Schools. The study was guided by the rational comprehensive (Synoptic) planning theory propounded by Faludi and Needham (1993), which allows for the evaluation that consists of procedures such as cost benefit analysis, systems analysis, and forecasting (projection) research. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. All the primary and secondary schools in Kenya were the target population for the study. Collection of data was done by means of questionnaires, document analysis and direct observation. Infrastructural projection was arrived at through total projected enrolment for the year divided by learner number requirements for each based on the MOE policy. The study followed Thonstad’s Grade Transition Model for projecting the CBC enrolment trends of the 2017 Grade one cohort to Junior and eventually Senior School. This projected enrolment was used to calculate the selected infrastructural requirements. The study considered 2017 to 2021 enrolment data. The findings of this study indicated an increase in CBC enrolment over the years to 2026. The study further established that an increase in enrolment leads to an increase of physical infrastructure and average school size. The study concluded that there will be a shortage of selected projected infrastructure due to the projected increase in enrolment at Senior secondary levels by 2026. The study therefore recommended the need to expand the physical infrastructure. With the enrolment projections at Senior Secondary Schools in 2026, budgetary allocations will be much easier by the stake holders. Findings of this study would also inform policy makers including TSC and Ministry of Education to come up with practical policy reforms that would enhance provision of quality education in Vihiga County. This research can also guide Tertiary and University institutions for proper preparation when the learners graduate from Senior School.