bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Analysis of Kidney Injury in Elderly Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Liu Yang , Wang Chao-Chen , Ao Qiang-Guo , Hou Jie-Bin , Wei Lei , Qi Feng-Yu , He Wei , Zhao Jia-Hui , Ma Qiang , Wang Xiao-Hua , Cheng Qing-Li , Yang Guang
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objective:

The aim of the study was to analyze the clinical features of elderly patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to explore the relationship between COVID-19 patients and kidney injury.

Methods:

A total of 188 elderly patients with confirmed COVID-19 enrolled in this study were hospitalized for at least 1 week in the Central Theater Command General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army from January 3, 2020 to March 14, 2020. The recorded information included clinical data and results of kidney-related laboratory tests. Retrospective analysis was performed.

Results:

The median age of the patients was 69 years (interquartile range 65-78, range: 60-97 years); 31.4% were 60-74 years old, and 68.6% were over 75 years old. A total of 12.8% and 18.6% of the patients were in critical and severe stages of COVID-19, respectively. The proportions of patients using mechanical ventilators and deaths were 9.5% and 8.5%, respectively. A total of 26.1% and 8.5% of the patients showed mild elevation of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) levels at admission. A total of 18.6% and 5.9% of the patients had elevated BUN and SCr 1 week after admission, respectively. A total of 3.1% of the patients were diagnosed with acute kidney injury, and 75% of those patients had chronic kidney disease before admission. Compared with the patients aged 60-74 years, those over 75 years exhibited significantly increased proportions of elevated BUN levels, critical illness, use of mechanical ventilated, and death. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that an elevated BUN level at admission and 1 week after admission were independent risk factors for death in the elderly patients with COVID-19.

Conclusion:

There were more critical cases and a high mortality in elderly patients with COVID-19. An increased BUN level was an independent risk factor for death in elderly patients with COVID-19.
COVID-19 and Kidney Involvement - A Systematic Review
Authors: Yang Guang , Liu Yang , Hou Jiebin , Cheng Qingli
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It has resulted in an ongoing worldwide pandemic since it was first recognized in December 2019. The kidney is one of the organs most easily affected by COVID-19. The injury of the kidney by COVID-19 manifested as hematuria, proteinuria, serum creatinine fluctuations, and even acute kidney injury (AKI). Critically ill patients with COVID-19 are much more prone to suffer from AKI. Moreover, AKI is related to poor outcomes in the patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, early detection and active prevention of kidney injury are very important. In this article, we reviewed the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, pathogenesis, pathological manifestations, treatment, and prognosis of kidney injury in patients with COVID-19. It is expected to provide valuable insights for disease prevention and control from the perspective of nephrologists.
JUN Amino Terminal Kinase in Cell Death and Inflammation in Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Nikolic-Paterson David J. , Grynberg Keren , Ma Frank Y.
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Cell death and inflammation are important mechanisms in the induction of acute kidney injury (AKI) and the progression of chronic kidney disease. This focused review examines how the JUN amino terminal kinase (JNK) enzyme contributes to these pathologies. The JNK enzyme is activated in response to cellular stress, being most sensitive to oxidative stress. Biopsy studies have shown that JNK signaling is activated in human AKI and chronic kidney injury. Genetic and pharmacologic strategies have demonstrated a key role for JNK signaling in tubular cell death, inflammation, and loss of renal function in various animal models of AKI. This has been directly attributed to JNK1 signaling in the proximal tubular epithelial cells. JNK inhibition also reduces cell death, inflammation, and fibrosis in several models of progressive kidney disease; however, not all models show benefit with JNK blockade. JNK inhibitors are currently in clinical trials which opens the way for testing JNK-based therapy in selected types of renal injury. Some of the outstanding questions in this field include identifying the JNK1 target(s) in the induction of tubular cell necroptosis, and determining whether the pro-inflammatory actions of JNK signalling depend solely upon activation of JUN/Activator Protein-1.
The Correlation of Chronological Age and Micro Ribonucleic Acid-135b Expression in Spent Culture Media of In vitro Fertilisation Patient
Authors: Azzahra Tiara Berliana , Febri Ririn Rahmala , Iffanolida Pritta Ameilia , Mutia Kresna , Wiweko Budi
Published: March 2022

Background:

The lack of accuracy in embryo viability assessment methods still remains a challenge to increase the in vitro fertilisation (IVF) success rate. The chronological age and micro ribonucleic acid (RNA)-135b influence the quality of the embryo since microRNA-135b expresses stably in the spent culture media. Therefore, microRNA-135b has the potential to become a non-invasive biomarker of IVF embryo quality.

Aims:

(1) The aim of this study is to determine the chronological age and microRNA-135b expression distribution of IVF patients. (2) to determine the correlation between chronological age and microRNA-135b expression in spent culture media of IVF patients.

Study Setting and Design:

An observational study was conducted in Yasmin IVF clinic.

Materials and Methods:

The chronological age data were collected from the medical records and 31 spent culture media samples from 11 IVF patients were taken on day 5 of embryo culture. We also collected the basal media sample as the control group. The microRNA-135b expression was analysed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25.

Results:

The chronological age and microRNA-135b expression were distributed abnormally. There was a significant positive correlation with moderate statistical power between chronological age and microRNA-135b expression in spent culture media. MicroRNA-135b expression increased 4.9-fold in spent culture media than basal media of IVF.

Conclusions:

The increase of chronological age is followed by the rise of microRNA-135b expression in spent culture media of IVF patients. The microRNA-135b is a potential biomarker to predict IVF embryo quality.
Reproductive Toxicity of Carlina gummifera L. Incense Inhalation in Adult Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Dorsaf Hallegue , Sabrine Moujahed , Zaineb Ben Barka , Olfa Tebourbi , Mohsen Sakly , Khémaïs Ben Rhouma
Published: March 2022

Background:

Burning incense of Carlina gummifera L. is a traditional practice in North African countries for religious or ritual intentions.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of smoke incense of this plant on the reproductive function in adult male rats.

Setting and Design:

This study was conducted in the Integrated Physiology Laboratory.

Materials and Methods:

Plant roots were collected, dried and finely ground in powder form. Adult Wistar rats were randomly assigned to treated groups exposed daily during 60 min for 15 consecutive days to smoke incense at 2, 4 and 6 g and a control group was subjected to the same conditions in the absence of smoke.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's multiple comparison as the post hoc test.

Results:

Exposure to the incense of Carlina gummifera L. seriously affected dose dependently the reproductive function in male rats. It was found that in treated groups, the testicle relative weight decreased, while those of seminal vesicles and prostate increased when compared to the untreated group. Carlina gummifera L. incense inhalation reduced the total number, viability and mobility of epididymis spermatozoa compared to control. Furthermore, incense exposure induced various histological changes in the testes, prostate and seminal vesicles, including in particular a decrease in the number of gametes in the seminiferous tubes, the reduction of prostatic secretions and the macrophagic resorption of the seminal secretions. The effect of Carlina incense on the antioxidant system was evaluated by assaying the two antioxidant enzyme activities catalase and superoxide dismutase as well as thiol group levels in the testicles. Our results showed that fumigation affected these parameters, suggesting that the morphological and functional modifications in the male reproductive system induced by Carlina gummifera L. incense may be related, in part, to the alteration of the oxidative balance in the testicle.

Conclusion:

Smoke incense of Carlina gummifera L. caused marked reproductive toxicity in adult male rats associated with induced oxidative stress.
Does Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Receptor Polymorphism Status Affect In vitro Fertilization-Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Results and Live Birth Rate? A Retrospective Study
Authors: Bayraktar Burak , Güleç Ebru Şahin , Kutbay Yaşar Bekir , Köse Can , Gür Esra Bahar , Demir Ahmet
Published: March 2022

Background:

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) plays a key role in fertility and shows its effect through the FSH receptor (FSHR), which is localized in cells.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to examine pregnancy outcomes and responses to controlled ovarian stimulation according to FSHR polymorphism types.

Study Setting and Design:

The study was retrospective, and included patients who applied to the University of Health Sciences Tepecik Training and Research Hospital in vitro fertilization (IVF) Unit during 2018 and 2019.

Materials and Methods:

Patients who underwent IVF-intracytoplasmic sperm injection and at the same time studied FSHR gene polymorphism in the genetic unit of our hospital were included in the study.

Statistical Analysis:

The Kruskal–Wallis test was used for multiple comparisons of continuous variables. The Chi-square test was used for categorical variables between groups.

Results:

A total of 143 patients who met our criteria were included in the study. 14% (n = 20) of the patients are also homozygous natural (Asn/Asn) type; 44.7% (n = 64) of the heterozygous mutant (Asn/Ser) type; 41.3% (n = 59) of them were homozygous mutant (Ser/Ser) type. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of pregnancy rate per started cycle, ongoing pregnancy per started cycle, ongoing pregnancy per embryo transfer and live birth per embryo transfer. A significant difference was observed between peak E2 and peak progesterone levels between Asn/Ser and Ser/Ser groups, and the levels of these hormones were lower in the Ser/Ser group (P = 0.018 and P = 0.016, respectively). Ovarian responses were classified as poor (≤3 oocytes), normal (4-20 oocytes) and hyperresponse (≥20 oocytes) according to the oocyte count. Accordingly, the number of patients with poor response was higher in the Ser/Ser group (P = 0.011).

Conclusions:

Ser/Ser polymorphism is characterised by a poor ovarian response. Despite this, polymorphisms in the FSHR gene do not seem to affect the results of pregnancy per started cycle, ongoing pregnancy per started cycle, ongoing pregnancy per embryo transfer and live birth per embryo transfer.
Clinico-laboratory profile, outcome, and risk factors for pediatric intensive care admission among hospitalized COVID-19–infected children from Eastern India
Authors: Khemka Arpita , Raychaudhuri Dibyendu , Pampi Dani , Ghosh Saptarshi , Chowdhoury Satyabrata Roy , Mahapatra Manas Kumar , Bhakta Subhajit , Sarkar Mihir
Published: March 2022

Background:

Children had been affected less by COVID-19 than adults. But as the pandemic progressed more cases of severe pediatric COVID infection were reported. Aim of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, treatments, and predictors of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission among hospitalized children with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Subjects and Methods:

This was a retrospective, observational study performed in a tertiary care COVID referral hospital among hospitalized children aged from 1 month to 12 years, from May 2020 to March 2021. Children treated in the pediatric ward were compared with those admitted in the PICU to assess predictors of intensive care admission.

Results:

Out of 447 hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection, 92 (20.58%) required admission in the PICU. Mean age of the study population was 44.58 (16.77–72.39) months. Thirty-eight patients (8.50%) fulfilled multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) diagnostic criteria. Invasive mechanical ventilation and inotropic support were needed for 28.26% and 36.96% of PICU-admitted patients, respectively. The mortality rate was 1.57%. Independent risk factors for PICU admission were infant age group, longer duration of fever (>5 days), shortness of breath, presence of shock, underlying comorbidities and higher pediatric early warning score (PEWS ≥5), poor Glasgow coma scale (GCS <7), MIS-C, elevated C-reactive protein (CRP >50 mg/L), neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR ≥4.5), and hypoalbuminemia (<2.5 g/dL).

Conclusions:

Clinical factors such as infancy, prolonged fever, respiratory distress at admission, shock, higher PEWS, poor GCS, and comorbidities indicate at risk for severe disease. Simple laboratory parameters such as CRP, NLR ≥4.5, and albumin may be considered as screening at admission to predict need of PICU care.
A Constant Equivalence Ratio Multi-Zone Approach for a Detailed and Fast Prediction of Performances and Emission in CI Engines
Authors: Tamborski Matteo , D'Errico Gianluca , Lucchini Tommaso , Cerri Tarcisio , Onorati Angelo
Published: March 2022

The paper illustrates and validates a novel predictive combustion model for the estimation of performances and pollutant production in CI engines. The numerical methodology was developed by the authors for near real-time applications, while aiming at an accurate description of the air mixing process by means of a multi-zone approach of the air-fuel mass. Charge stratification is estimated via a 2D representation of the fuel spray distribution that is numerically derived by an axial one-dimensional control-volume description of the direct injection. The radial coordinate of each control volume is reconstructed a posteriori by means of a local distribution function. Fuel mass clustered in each zone is further split in ‘liquid’, ‘unburnt’ and ‘burnt’ sub-zones, given the local properties of the fuel spray control volumes with respect to space-time location of modelled ignition delay, liquid length, and flame lift-off. Multiple injections are described on the same numerical grid to account for jet-to-jet axial interactions, whose effects reflect on improved ignition characteristics. The multi-zones are open systems which are discretized on the equivalence ratio; mass is allowed to travel from one to another, causing a 2D charge stratification. For each zone, local thermodynamic properties and NOx production are determined to estimate cylinder-average performances and emissions. The apparent heat release rate, in-cylinder pressure, BSFC and NOx emissions are validated against experimental data of full map of a light-duty engine. The computational effort of the model is relatively low, which makes the approach suitable for static optimization, to be used in 1-D simulation codes for transient’s optimization and can be run in parallel with a real time 1-D gas model for the simulation of long driving cycles.
Game Theory-Based Modeling of Multi-Vehicle/Multi-Pedestrian Interaction at Unsignalized Crosswalks
Authors: Pavelko Lea , Skugor Branimir , Deur Josko , Ivanovic Vladimir , Tseng H. Eric
Published: March 2022

The improvement of road transport safety requires the development of advanced vehicle safety systems, whose development could be facilitated by using complex interaction models of different road users. To this end, this paper deals with the modeling of multi-vehicle/multi-pedestrian interactions at unsignalized crosswalks. This multi-agent modeling approach extends on the existing basic model covering only single-vehicle/single-pedestrian interactions. The basic model structure and parameters have remained the same, as it was previously experimentally calibrated and thoroughly verified. The proposed modeling procedure employs the basic model within the multi-agent setting based on its application to relevant single-vehicle and single-pedestrian pairs. The resulting, so-called pre-decisions are then used for making final crossing decisions in a current time step for each agent. During the decision making process, each pedestrian takes into account approaching vehicles and their expected future behavior with respect to all pedestrians (i.e., himself/herself and other pedestrians), and vice versa for vehicles. This generalized multi-agent model is conceived to support simulation scenarios concerning multi-lane roads and pedestrians approaching from both sides of a road, as well. The model is verified by means of large-scale simulations and various scenarios.
Positional Accuracy of Portable GPS Devices during Different Ride Conditions
Authors: Engleman Krystina , Vega Henry , Suway Jeffrey , Desai Elvis
Published: March 2022

Rising electric scooter popularity has seen a surge in electric scooter crashes. Crash reconstructionists increasingly have access to global positioning system (GPS) data for micromobile vehicle trips, and GPS devices can produce a wealth of data about cyclists’, scooterists’, and other riders’ road paths and route usage. However, prior research has demonstrated that GPS positional accuracy is less reliable for more nuanced roadway positioning, such as which lane a vehicle occupies, as well as within-lane movements, such as acceleration and deceleration⁠. This limitation presents a challenge for crash reconstructionists that may have access to GPS data and require second-by-second positional accuracy to determine such nuanced maneuvers and vehicle positioning in their analysis. The purpose of this study was to explore the positional accuracy of five GPS units for a micromobile vehicle during three different ride conditions: acceleration, deceleration, and constant speed. The same devices were also tested for stationary accuracy and power cut-off scenarios. To obtain precise data from GPS units, tests were performed with an electric scooter ridden in rural landscapes with clear skies. Location data from the portable GPS devices were compared to reference data obtained from photogrammetry methods based on video recorded by DJI Mavic 2 drones. It was found that the overall average positional deviation from baseline across the devices and three ride conditions was 6.68 ft. The five devices also showed inconsistencies for which of the three ride stages had the greatest and least positional error. These findings can help investigators and crash reconstructionists quantify these devices’ GPS positional accuracy when using such data in their forensic analysis.
Rear-End Impacts - Part 2: Sled Pulse Effect on Front-Seat Occupant Responses
Authors: Parenteau Chantal , White Samuel , Burnett Roger
Published: March 2022

This study was conducted to assess the effects of differing rear impact pulse characteristics on restraint performance, front-seat occupant kinematics, biomechanical responses, and seat yielding. Five rear sled tests were conducted at 40.2 km/h using a modern seat. The sled buck was representative of a generic sport utility vehicle. A 50th percentile Hybrid III ATD was used. The peak accelerations, acceleration profiles and durations were varied. Three of the pulses were selected based on published information and two were modeled to assess the effects of peak acceleration occurring early and later within the pulse duration using a front and rear biased trapezoidal characteristic shape.

The seatback angle at maximum rearward deformation varied from 46 to 67 degrees. It was lowest in Pulse 1 which simulates an 80 km/h car-to-car rear impact. The seatback plastic deformation was greater in the pulse with the rear biased trapezoidal acceleration profile, Pulse 4, than in the front biased trapezoidal acceleration profile, Pulse 5 (46 degrees v 41 degrees). Coincidingly, the longitudinal head displacement was slightly greater in the Pulse 4. There was limited relative motion between the ATD torsos and the seatbacks. The relative motion between the ATD torso and the seatback was less than 7 cm in all tests. The head, chest and pelvis peak acceleration and timing varied depending on the pulse. All peak head, chest, pelvis and upper and lower-neck moments occurred prior to maximum seatback dynamic deflection. The biomechanical responses were all well below injury assessment reference values. The seatback structural restitution was the highest in Pulse 1 which had the lowest amount of dynamic and plastic seatback deformation and had the highest lap belt load. All peak belt loads occurred in the rebound phase of the ATD.

The sled coordinate-based data was used to determine the effective restraint stiffness. The results were used to develop a spring-mass model. The model will help understand the effects of pulse characteristics on predicted chest acceleration for future research.

In conclusion, the results from this study show that pulse shape has a measurable effect of seat and ATD kinematics in high-speed rear impacts and should considered for future research and testing.
Impact of FRBM Act on Public Debt and Fiscal Balance in India: Emerging Evidence
Authors: Pujari Duragesh
Published: March 2022

The government expenditure has important role in generation of employment, increase social welfare and economic development of the nation. The government spending is financed mainly by revenue which includes the tax revenue and non-tax revenue. If there is deficit in the budget, the government takes borrowing from public to meet the gap between their revenue and expenditure. The government was facing a high level fiscal deficit. Indian economy was continuously facing problems in maintaining the fiscal balance and it was great challenge against macroeconomic stability. Therefore, fiscal imbalance situation forced the government to go for more borrowing by public which included both internal and external borrowings. The aim of the present paper is to examine the impact of the FRBM Act on public barrowing and fiscal balance in India. Also focused on trends and patterns of public expenditure, revenue mobilization, fiscal deficit and public debt after the introduction FRBM Act. The OLS Method used for test the empirical relationship between public debt and economic growth in India after the introduction of the FRBM Act. The OLS empirical results showed the FRBM Act have a significant effect on level of gross fiscal deficit at 1 percent level of significance but not statistically significant effect on level of public debt in India. GDP growth rate has a negative effect on the gross fiscal deficit at 5 percent level of significant. It shows when GDP growth rate is increasing fiscal deficit to GDP ratio is declining and vice-versa. Population growth has positive effects on gross fiscal deficit level at 10 percent level of significant. GDP growth rate and population growth rate does not have significant effects on level of public debt in India. Therefore, the study suggests that efficient debt management strategy is important for the sustainability of the budget, debt, and overall financial stability.
Confusion or fraud? Labeling of Stevia Sweeteners
Authors: Olazar Fiorella Geraldine , Ferreira Eduardo Ramón , Valdovinos Victoria , Kanasawa Sacchio , Stock Ingrid Micaela Barua , Candia Nidia Benítez , Ríos Danilo Fernández , Arrua Andrea Alejandra
Published: March 2022

Fraudulent labeling is an emerging problem in the food industry worldwide. Many Stevia sweeteners are marketed in Paraguay, and their labels can be confusing. For this reason, 21 packs of sweetener products were analyzed regarding their degree of compliance with the labeling regulations in force in the country. All of the analyzed containers complied with the MERCOSUR regulations on food labeling, and 95.2% complied with MERCOSUR regulations on nutritional labeling. Over half of the containers did not comply with the local regulation for the naming of Stevia products. This is the first study on possible fraudulent labeling carried out in Paraguay, and it highlights the need to monitor compliance of food labeling regulations in the country.
Concept of Sarat Ritucharya- A Practical Approach
Authors: Yashas U  , P.Sudhakar Reddy  , Beena MD
Published: March 2022

Ayurveda- The science of life, has two aims, firstly it aimed at to preserve and protect the health of a healthy individual and secondly to cure the disease. As Ayurveda gives first priority to the preventive aspects to preserve and protect the health, it described preventive principles under the heading of Swasthavritta. Swasthavritta classically includes Dinacharya, Nishacharya and Ritucharya. These Charyas if followed properly, brings the balance in Thridosha (Vata, Pitta & Kapha) and thus maintains the Samadoshavastha (Homeostasis of humours/health). Thidoshas are always dynamic in nature, especially during seasonal variation. Adaptation to each Ritu is always a challenging to human beings, more in modern era, where people are running with mechanical life and exposing to pollutants. Ayurveda beautifully described Ritucharya prescription to be followed to bring balance in Tridoshavastha and also prevent morbid matter accumulation. There are six Rutus namely Sisira, Vasantha, Greeshma, Varsha, Sharat & Hemantha, among these, Sharat Ritu (mid-September - mid November) comes under the Visargakala constituting of Ashwini and Karthika Masa. In this Ritu physiologically Pitta undergoes Prakopa, if not followed Ritucharya properly, the Pitta will get vitiate and causes Pitta related diseases. In this article an honest attempt has been made to gather information regarding Sarat ritucahrya from all possible literature from Ayurvedic classics with practical aspects.
Application of Saptopakram in Vranashopha Management- A Review
Authors: Ujjawal Shivhare  , Mrigank Shekhar  , Shailendra  , Tina Singhal
Published: March 2022

Vrana i.e., wound and its management has prime importance in surgical practice. Vranashopha has peculiar clinical features and is rapidly spreading pathological condition. The disease isn’t easy to treat even if a doctor knows its stages very well. So the deep and exact knowledge about the Vranashopha and its stages is must for a good doctor. Acharya Sushruta has mention and explained 7 major procedures (Saptopakram) for Vranashopha management which includes the management at its initial stage (Amavastha) through the wound stage (Vranavastha) till the management of the complications of the healed wound (Vaikritapaham). We can categorized these procedures as the first 3 procedure can be used for Amavastha and Pachyamanavastha both, the 4th for Pakwavastha alone, 5th & 6th for the stage of wound and the 7th for the management of complications of healed wound. The description of Saptopakrama is described for both Aam and Pakvasopha means it included Nija and Agantuja both type of Vrana.

In this review article, we have tried to describe different types of Shopha, their Lakshanas (signs & symptoms), and their management according to Susruta Samhita in Ayurveda. There are some efforts have also been carried out to collect, discuss and describe the Ayurvedic concept of Saptopakram.
Review on Vaidyaka Paribhasha Pradipa- A Comprehensive Treatise of Indian Pharmaceuticals by Govind Sen
Authors: Manjusha.B  , Anand Katti
Published: March 2022

Vaidyaka Paribhasha Pradipa was written by Govind Sen, son of Krishna Vallabh Sen. Vidyotini Hindi Tika was written by Indradev Tripathi. The book Vaidyaka Paribhasha Pradipa consists of almost all references collected from various Samhitas regarding the fundamental principles and different Ayurvedic herbal pharmaceutical preparations and descriptions on Panchakarma. The whole content of the book is divided into 4 Khandas. Prathama khanda deals with Mana paribhasha, Dravya samgrahana vidhi, and shelf life of different Kalpana etc. Dwitiya khanda deals with Panchavidha kashaya kalpana and its Upakalpana and dose. Tritiya khanda deals with Sneha kalpana, Sandhana kalpana and Paribhasha of different Gana. Chaturtha khanda deals with Panchakarma procedures and Sneha murchana. The present book review mainly focuses to highlight the framework of Vaidyaka Paribhasha Pradipa, provides information about the author, details of 4 Khandas, a special contribution to the field of pharmaceutical science by the author. Thus, Vaidyaka Paribhasha Pradipa, the compilation book on Bhaishajya Kalpana is a very essential and mandatory book for those who aspire to gain basic, clear, and thorough knowledge in Ayurvedic pharmaceuticals. It is one of the indispensable reference books. The present book is designed to help the young practitioners who prepare medicines and graduates and post-graduate scholars get a clear idea of medicine preparation.
A Clinical and Laboratory Profile of Sthaulya W.S.R to Obesity and its Management by Amritadya Guggulu
Authors: Triveni Raina  , Dalip Sharma
Published: March 2022

In Ayurveda, it is regarded as Medoroga which includes fat tissue and fat metabolism, results from the excessive accumulation of Meda (fat/ adipose tissue) and Mamsa (flesh/ muscle tissue) leading to flabbiness of hips, abdomen, and breast. It is considered as Santarpanottha Vikara and counted one among the Ashtnindita Purusha by Ayurvedic Acharayas. According to Ayurveda, Sthoulya begins with an imbalance of Doshas (Vata, Pitta and Kapha), Agni (digestive fire), Malas (waste products) or an imbalance of Srotas (microcirculatory channels). This collection of imbalances then interferes with the formation of tissues or Dhatus and leads to a tissue imbalance that we experience as Sthoulya. It is most prevailing condition being faced by majority of the population, but yet among the most neglected health problem in the world. In this regard approach of this study is to give safer, comprehensive and rational option for treating Sthaulya (Obesity) and this is a humble attempt to probe into the different pathophysiological aspects behind Sthaulya, taking into consideration the classical therapy coupled with modern interpretations. Amritadya Guggulu by the virtue of its Rasapanchaka (Rasa- Katu, Tikta, Kashaya, Guna- Laghu, Ruksha and Virya- Ushna, Vipaka- Katu, Dosha Karma- Kapha Vatashamaka) is effective in the management of Sthoulya including all Kapha predominant pathologies, leading to Samprapti Vigatana of Sthoulya. Hence this study is carried out to establish the efficacy of the treatment considering the clinical and laboratory profile of obesity (Sthoulya). The study was done on 30 patients taken from both IPD & OPD of RGGPG Ayurvedic College and Hospital, Paprola, H.P. The duration of the trial was 60 days with follow up of 15 days and the observations obtained are analyzed statistically after the end of the study.
Therapeutic Challenges in Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder of the Esophagus with Central Nerve System Involvement Complicated by an Esophagotracheal Fistula: A Case Report
Authors: EAH Kruis , TJ Zander , S Aebi , B Muller
Published: March 2022

.1 Background: Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a known complication following solid organ or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. It’s a heterogeneous group of lymphoid and/or plasmocytic proliferations as a result of immunosuppression and is frequently associated with Epstein-Barr Virus. The clinical presentation is nonspecific and highly variable depending on the localization. We discuss the therapeutic challenges in this rare case of a male suffering PTLD with esophageal involvement complicated by an esophagotracheal fistula. 1.2 Case Report: A 55-year-old man under immunosuppression after kidney transplantation, presented with progressive cough and fever after elective upper endoscopy. Following the diagnosis of diffuse large B cell lymphoma-type PTLD with esophagotracheal fistula. The reduction of immunosuppression was unable to control the progression of disease with involvement of the CNS. Endoscopic repair of the fistula was unsuccessful. The need for surgical repair of the fistula delayed therapy with rituximab by one month. Despite brain radiation therapy, the patient passed away 3.5 months after diagnosis. 1.3 Conclusion: In patients with esophagotracheal fistula both aspiration pneumonia and treatment of the fistula can delay effective treatment of the underlying malignant disease. In patients with PTLD reduction in immunosuppression is the primary treatment strategy, followed by monotherapy with the monoclonal antibody rituximab in the case of incomplete response. Newer therapeutic approaches prefer the sequential treatment with rituximab followed by chemotherapy in case of incomplete response, or consolidation therapy with rituximab in case of complete response. Radiotherapy is recommended in case of CNS involvement.
Emergencies in Parkinsonism
Authors: Ekladious Adel , Waran Ramana
Published: March 2022

Patients with Parkinsonism may present acutely to the ED with serious and even life-threatening conditions. Although falls are a common presentation in advanced Parkinsonism, early presentations with falls should alert the clinician that the patient might have a Parkinson syndrome other than Parkinson’s disease itself, including autonomic neuropathy causing orthostatic hypotension. Patients may present with neuroleptic malignant syndrome, acute psychosis, marked hypokinesis, freezing gait, aspiration pneumonia, dysphagia, serotonin syndrome, dopamine dysregulation syndrome and intestinal pseudo-obstruction. An inpatient admission is necessary for investigation and observation of these patients. We present a case of a patient who presented with an uncommon side effect of a common medication used for Parkinsonism.
The Hypospadias, Chordee, Orthoplasty and The Prepucial Hood
Authors: Singh Abhinav , Singh Malika , Singh R B
Published: March 2022

1.1. Purpose: Making the surgeons aware of the significance of penile chordee, need of optimal straightening of penile shaft (orthoplasty) and appropriate use of well-developed prepucial hood for re-construction of an ideal neo-urethral plate and a near normal neo-urethra by its tubularization and finally re-enforcement of the neo-urethra by prepucial dartos fascial flap to minimize post-operative morbidities. 1.2. Aims and Objectives: Exact assessment of characteristics of chordee by artificial erection of penis, achieving acceptable orthoplasty before commencing upon final neo-urethroplasty and making maximum use of prepucial hood skin in (i) formation of neo-urethral plate and to have an ideal near normal non-hairy and resistance free neo-urethra and or (ii) designing and harvesting various types of skin and or water proofing flaps because of its axial vascularity. 1.3. Material and Methods: Material related to the penile chordee, orthoplasty and appropriate utilization of prepucial hood was collected from the photographic record of hypospadias patients who attended “Hypospadias and VVFs Clinic” between 2004- 2016. Based upon the characteristics of penile shaft and its chordee, various surgical techniques used for acceptable correction of the chordee (orthoplasty) were circum-coronal degloving of penile shaft up to its root, excision of chordee, Dorsal Tunica Albuginea Plication (DTAP), Double Dorsal Tunica Albuginea Plication (DDTAP), Ventral Tunica Albuginea Plication (VTAP), Inner Prepucial Full Thickness Skin Graft (IPFTSG), outer Prepucial Full Thickness Skin Graft (OPFTSG), Dermal Graft (DG), Tunica Vag inalis Graft (TVG) and Tunica Vaginalis Flap (TVF). Accidental breach in Tunica Albuginea (TA) was identified and repaired in water tight fashion. Special care was taken to prevent injury to Dorsal Neuro-Vascular Bundle (DNVB). Hypospadiacs with Bala- clinicsofsurgery.com 2 nitis Xerotica Obliterans (BXO) were excluded from study. 1.4. Observations: Neo-urethroplasty in an uncorrected chordee is deemed to be associated with subsequent anatomical, functional and aesthetic problems, thereby warranting re-do orthoplasty and neo-urethroplasty including total dismantling of the previous surgical repair. The presence of fully developed prepucial hood proved to be a boon to the surgeon in repairing both the fresh as well as re-do cases of neo-urethroplasty and also in harvesting water-proofing flaps to decrease post-operative morbidities. Presence of Undescended Testis (UDT), Inguinal Hernia (IH) and Ano-Rectal Malformation (ARM) are to be corrected on priority.
Implementation of Chatbot in Online Classes using Google Classroom
Authors: Sarosa Moechammad , Wijaya Mokhamad Hadi , Tolle Herman , Rakhmania Amalia Eka
Published: March 2022

Chatbot can be utilized as an interactive learning media for students. It can be implemented using modular system by dividing the courses into several modular based on the course contents. The proposed program contributes positively to the integration of object-oriented programming into Google classroom by broadening the service without being limited by space, time and number of students, and also helps in increasing students’ interest in learning. The proposed model was meant to establish interactive conversation to understand the concept of Oracle Academy Java Foundation material based on students’ level of understanding when organizing exercise items. The program was applied in three different classes and found to have increased the final exam results with an average difference of 0.60 points from the scale of maximum 10 points from the conventional learning group. The value of post-test was also observed to have increased by 0.39 points from the given pre-test. In general, implementation of chatbot could improve the quality of learning.
Analisis Sentimen Data Provider Layanan Internet Pada Twitter Menggunakan Support Vector Machine Dengan Penambahan Algoritma Levenshtein Distance
Authors: Manuaba Ida Bagus Nyoman Wijana , Dantes Gede Rasben , Indrawan Gede
Published: March 2022

Komentar pada data twitter mengandung banyak opini terkait suatu objek atau topik. Dari kumpulan komentar, dapat dilakukan analisis sentimen menggunakan Support Vector Machine untuk memperoleh hasil klasifikasi positif dan negatif. Data yang digunakan berkaitan dengan provider atau penyedia jaringan internet yang ada di Indonesia. Penambahan algoritma Levenshtein Distance pada tahap text preprocessing bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil klasifikasi. Tahapan Proses klasifikasi meliputi, pengumpulan data menggunakan API twitter, penghapusan duplicate data, pemberian label data, tahap text preprocessing (convert emoticon, cleansing, case folding, stemming, stopword removal, and tokenizing, penerapan algoritma Levenshtein Distance, stopword removal lanjutan, convert negation), feature extraction (TF-IDF), serta proses klasifikasi menggunakan Support Vector Machine.Hasil pengujian dengan menggunakan confusion matrix, menunjukan peningkatan hasil klasifikasi yang lebih baik setelah menggunakan algoritma Levenshtein Distance pada tahap text preprocessing. Nilai accuracy mengalami peningkatan sebesar 2%, recall positif 3%, recall negatif 1%, precision positif 1%, dan precision negatif 2%. Tetapi kecepatan waktu proses pada tahap text preprocessing dengan penambahan algoritma Levenshtein Distance lebih lambat sebesar 295,606 detik, jika dibandingkan tanpa adanya penambahan algoritma Levenshtein Distance.
Multi-output Regression untuk memprediksi Luas Wilayah, Kualitas Padi dan Produksi Padi pada Pulau Jawa
Authors: Kurniadi Felix Indra , Satyananda Darmawan , Santika Elly , Larasati Pramitha Dwi
Published: March 2022

Beras merupakan salah satu makanan pokok di Indonesia. Berdasarkan data dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), konsumsi beras pada tahun 2015 dan 2017 sekitar 29’178.94 -ribu- ton dan 29’133.51-ribu ton. Sayangnya produksi beras pada tahun 2018 hanya mencapati 81.31 juta ton. Pada artikel ilmiah ini, kami membandingkan beberapa metode regresi multi-output seperti Regression Chain, Multi-output linear regression dan Random Forest. Data yang digunakan adalah data beras pada Pulau Jawa terutama Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Timur yang diambil dari tahun 2017-2020. Kami menggunakan pendekatan menggunakan outlier removal dan tidak menggunakan outlier removal. Hasil yang didapatkan dari kedua pendekatan ini, ditemukan bahwa outlier removal pada data yang dimiliki sangat diperlukan terutama untuk mengurangi ke-bias an pada hasil tiap metode yang diusulkan.
Model Agile Scrum untuk Pengembangan Aplikasi Penerimaan Mahasiswa Baru
Authors: Dewi Meta Amalya , Arya Syahputra Muhammad Dimas
Published: March 2022

SCRUM is one of the agile developments with a focus on fast processes. Scrum's ability to quickly adapt to changes in accordance with the conditions of university which requires a New Student Admission application amid the current dynamics of the current condition in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic that still sweeping the world so that almost all activities are carried out digitally, including the registration process and new student admissions. The agile scrum method used in developing new student applications is done by building an analysis that can help make it easier for prospective new students to carry out the registration process and make it easier for the admissions department to process new student data. The goal is to simplify data processing more optimally and effectively and the registration process is faster and easier. The final result of this research is an application for new student admissions with the features needed by users based on the product backlog and will become the backbone of the new student registration process at university.
esença feminina na Ordem Terceira de S. Francisco de Coimbra no século XVIII: As ministras e as suas famílias
Authors: Mota Guilhermina
Published: March 2022

A caracterização social e familiar das Ministras da Ordem Terceira de S. Francisco de Coimbra, durante o século xviii, permite estabelecer uma relação entre o exercício do cargo e as estratégias de afirmação social das elites conimbricenses. Partindo de uma lista nominativa de Ministras, e cruzando-a com fontes administrativas civis e religiosas, este estudo procura identificar, através da reconstrução das biografias individualizadas de cada uma das Ministras que exerceram o cargo entre 1701 e 1790, os elementos fundamentais que sustentam e fortalecem tais objetivos estratégicos, quer se enquadrem como manifestação de poder e influência local, quer correspondam a instrumentos de mobilidade social ascendente. Ao mesmo tempo, recorre a essas mesmas biografias para procurar reconhecer na disponibilidade para o serviço do cargo os traços devocionais e espirituais que motivam individualmente estas mulheres, e que se inscrevem num quadro de sociabilidade ao mesmo tempo religiosa e laica.
Capturing Community Participation in Rural Tourism through PRA: A Study in Meghalaya
Authors: Priyanka Pagadala Sai , Devarani Loukham
Published: March 2022

Rural tourism as an agri-business enterprise has potential for socio-economic development of rural area and yields numerous benefits to strengthen culture, livelihood and technological outlook of communities, for which sustainability in the development venture depends on community participation. The study was taken up in two popular rural tourism centers viz., Mawlynnong (cleanest village of Asia) and Sohliya (Strawberry village) of Meghalaya state that has heavy tourist traffic; to carry out community stakeholder analysis of rural tourism. Through key informant technique, personal interview and observation, 15 categories of community stakeholders were identified. This was followed by a community level meeting of the key stakeholders and few residents in each tourism center where PRA exercises were conducted for information generation and discussion. It was found that community stakeholders organize rural tourism for various reasons through various means The village council (Dorbar Shong) performed multiple roles and had high influence in village. Efforts in mobilizing community to undertake homestays and dhabas, emphasis on creation of exclusive tourism cooperatives within village to coordinate vital activities between stakeholders may ensure effective and sustainable participation by community members.
Impact of Jharkhand State Cooperative Milk Producers’ Federation on Socio economic Status of Dairy Farmers
Authors: Mandi Kalyan , Chakravarty Ritu , Ponnusamy K. , Kadian K. S. , Dixit A. K. , Singh Magan , Misra A. K.
Published: March 2022

The paper assesses the impact of membership of dairy cooperative i.e. Jharkhand State Cooperative Milk Producers’ Federation (JMF) on the performance of dairy production systems using propensity score matching techniques. Dairy cooperative members differed significantly from non-members in terms of outcome variables. The mean difference value explained that the socio-economic condition of members was better than non-members. The findings revealed that membership of JMF contributes towards improving yields of dairy animals, net dairy income, and also, to household milk consumption. The non-members reaped better price for the milk in the wet market as compared to the members. Nonetheless,the member-producers recorded higher proportion of milk sale as compared to the non-members which also indicated their intensity of market participation. These results indicatetowards the need to improve dairy farmers’ linkages through cooperatives or other such institutions for their socio-economic development.
Estado da arte sobre o ensino de matemática nas tribal colleges estadunidenses
Authors: Taveira Flavio Augusto Leite , Martins Igor Micheletto , Gonçalves Harryson Júnio Lessa
Published: March 2022

O presente artigo tenciona realizar um estado da arte sobre o Ensino de Matemática nas Tribal Colleges, sendo este um recorte de um projeto maior nominado “Formação (Etno)Matemática nas Tribal Colleges Estadunidenses”. Para tanto, em um primeiro momento, caracterizamos o sistema educacional estadunidense e como as Tribal Colleges se inserem no mesmo. Logo após, realizamos uma busca no Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes) utilizando os termos “Tribal College” com “Mathematics”, delimitando um período temporal de 2015 a 2020. Assim, por meio da leitura dos resumos, ousando conhecer o objetivo e a proposta dos trabalhos, foram selecionados seis artigos que cumpriam os objetivos delimitados para essa busca. A pesquisa nos permite defender que há a necessidade de estudos com o foco nas práticas de ensino e aprendizagem de Matemática no contexto das culturas indígenas nativas das Tribal Colleges.