bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Convenções de interfaces digitais e leitura ou: para ler interfaces nos textos
Authors: Novais Ana Elisa Costa
Published: January 2020

Um movimento que transporta convenções de interfaces digitais (botões, janelas, mensagens de sistema, ícones, entre outros) para textos impressos é o fenômeno em foco neste trabalho. Inicialmente, discuto a importância cultural das interfaces digitais em três dimensões: pensando-as como diálogo, como mídia remediada e como sistema semiótico específico, constituído de convenções que lhe são próprias. Em seguida, analiso seis textos que usam convenções de interface em sua composição multimodal, buscando, em diálogo com estudos e categorias do Design de Interação, elementos para esclarecer quais questões são essenciais na compreensão do que se espera do leitor hoje, com esses textos e essas novas formas de produzir sentido.
Para uma pedagogia da leitura realizada on-line: para construir conhecimento
Authors: Pereira Íris Susana Pires
Published: January 2020

O principal propósito deste artigo é o de evidenciar a necessidade da implementação de uma pedagogia específica da leitura realizada na internet com vista à construção de conhecimento. Situo genericamente esta ideia na teoria dos multiletramentos e arrolo três argumentos. Em primeiro lugar, apresento dados referentes à leitura on-line realizada por crianças e adolescentes, que, entre outros aspetos, revelam que estes sujeitos realizam com frequência a prática de leitura na internet para construir conhecimento. Em seguida, sistematizo as principais premissas de um modelo teórico desenvolvido para captar as especificidades da leitura realizada on-line para aprender. Por fim, apresento a análise de uma lição disponível numa plataforma digital on-line especificamente desenvolvida para a promoção da construção de aprendizagens e que mostra a dificuldade que a construção de uma tal pedagogia pode constituir quando é realizada sem conhecimento pedagógico específico. Embora não perfazendo um conjunto exaustivo, esta sequência de argumentos constitui-se, na minha opinião, como um conjunto coerente de razões convincentes da necessidade de implementar uma pedagogia específica da leitura dos textos que são lidos na internet com vista à construção de conhecimento.
A documentação de atividades de leitura na EAD com o uso da técnica do rastreamento ocular
Authors: Junqueira Eduardo Santos , Teixeira Elisangela Nogueira , Mesquita Espedito Roza
Published: January 2020

O artigo apresenta os procedimentos e os resultados da utilização da técnica do rastreamento ocular em dois estudos realizados com alunos universitários em laboratório de testes com o objetivo de mapear trajetórias de navegação e práticas de leitura on-line deles, em momentos de estudo. No Estudo 1, a técnica foi utilizada para coletar dados enquanto os alunos realizavam atividades reais, no computador, de disciplinas de um curso de licenciatura em Letras, na modalidade semipresencial. Nesse caso, o mapeamento abrangeu a leitura de textos no ambiente virtual de aprendizagem e da internet. O Estudo 2, de caráter experimental, permitiu documentar os processos de navegação e leitura de 30 estudantes de curso de licenciatura em Letras, quando participavam de fóruns virtuais utilizando três interfaces distintas. A coleta, com o registro de cada movimento ocular do participante na tela do computador em intervalos de 30 milésimos de segundo em média, gerou dados acurados detalhados. Isso permitiu visualizar e descrever os movimentos e tempos de fixação e de saltos dos olhos por meio do uso de softwares específicos de tratamento dos dados. Os resultados indicaram que os participantes praticaram modos diversos de leitura nos textos e hipertextos, segundo suas necessidades de conhecimento para as atividades realizadas. Além da prática de leitura linear de textos tradicionais, foram documentadas ações de skimming e de scanning nos hipertextos e páginas acessadas, sem o registro de efeitos negativos indesejados para os objetivos almejados pelos participantes, na maior parte das ações.
Leitura digital na infância – habilidades e construção do sentido do texto
Authors: Araújo Mônica Daisy Vieira
Published: January 2020

A leitura digital é realizada por crianças desde muito pequenas, por meio de dispositivos portáteis e multifuncionais, como tablets e smatphones, pertencentes cada vez mais às próprias crianças, e não aos pais. Diante dessa realidade de experiência de leitura digital, este artigo busca,com base em dados de pesquisas nacionais e internacionais, compreender o fenômeno a partir das habilidades para realizar a leitura de textos multimodais e por meio da maneira como crianças pequenas constroem o sentido dos textos digitais lidos. Habilidades de letramento digital podem ser aprendidas pelas crianças, desde bem pequenas, para que possam construir o sentido dos textos digitalizados e digitais de forma mais competente
The northern European shelf as increasing net sink for CO2
Authors: Becker Meike , Olsen Are , Landschützer Peter , Omar Abdirhaman , Rehder Gregor , Rödenbeck Christian , Skjelvan Ingunn
Published: January 2020

Abstract. We developed a simple method to refine existing open ocean maps towards different coastal seas. Using a multi linear regression we produced monthly maps of surface ocean fCO2 in the northern European coastal seas (North Sea, Baltic Sea, Norwegian Coast and in the Barents Sea) covering a time period from 1998 to 2016. A comparison with gridded SOCAT v5 data revealed standard deviations of the residuals 0 ± 26 μatm in the North Sea, 0 ± 16 μatm along the Norwegian Coast, 0 ± 19 μatm in the Barents Sea, and 2 ± 42 μatm in the Baltic Sea.We used these maps as basis to investigate trends in fCO2, pH and air-sea CO2 flux. The surface ocean fCO2 trends are smaller than the atmospheric trend in most of the studied region. Only the western part of the North Sea is showing an increase in fCO2 close to 2 μatm yr−1, which is similar to the atmospheric trend. The Baltic Sea does not show a significant trend. Here, the variability was much larger than possibly observable trends. Consistently, the pH trends were smaller than expected for an increase of fCO2 in pace with the rise of atmospheric CO2 levels. The calculated air-sea CO2 fluxes revealed that most regions were net sinks for CO2. Only the southern North Sea and the Baltic Sea emitted CO2 to the atmosphere. Especially in the northern regions the sink strength increased during the studied period.
Glacial lake inventory of High Mountain Asia (1990–2018) derived from Landsat images
Authors: Wang Xin , Guo Xiaoyu , Yang Chengde , Liu Qionghuan , Wei Junfeng , Zhang Yong , Liu Shiyin , Zhang Yanlin , Jiang Zongli , Tang Zhiguang
Published: January 2020

Abstract. There is currently no glacial lake inventory data set for the entire High Mountain Asia (HMA) area. The definition and classification of glacial lakes remain controversial, presenting certain obstacles to extensive utilization of glacial lake inventory data. This study integrated glacier inventory data and 426 Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI images, and adopted manual visual interpretation to extract glacial lake boundaries within a 10-km buffer from glacier terminals using ArcGIS and ENVI software, normalized difference water index maps, and Google Earth images. The theoretical and methodological basis for all processing steps including glacial lake definition and classification, lake boundary delineation, and error assessment are discussed comprehensively in the paper. Moreover, detailed information regarding the coding, location, perimeter and area, area error, type, time phase, source image information, and sub-regions of the located lakes is presented. It was established that 26,089 and 28,953 glacial lakes in HMA, with sizes of 0.0054–5.83 km2, covered a combined area of 1692.74 ± 231.44 and 1955.94 ± 259.68 km2 in 1990 and 2018, respectively. The data set now is available at the National Special Environment and Function of Observation and Research Stations Shared Service Platform (China) at http://dx.doi.org/10.12072/casnw.064.2019.db (Wang et al., 2019a).
Representing Model Uncertainty for Global Atmospheric CO2 Flux Inversions Using ECMWF-IFS-46R1
Authors: McNorton Joe , Bousserez Nicolas , Agustí-Panareda Anna , Balsamo Gianpaolo , Choulga Margarita , Dawson Andrew , Engelen Richard , Kiping Zak , Lang Simon
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Atmospheric flux inversions use observations of atmospheric CO2 to provide anthropogenic and biogenic CO2 flux estimates at a range of spatiotemporal scales. Inversions require prior flux, forward model and observation errors to estimate posterior fluxes and uncertainties. We use a numerical weather prediction model to diagnose the global forward model error associated with uncertainties in the initial meteorological state, physical parameterisations and in-model biogenic response to meteorological uncertainty. We then compare the error with the atmospheric response to uncertainty in the prior anthropogenic emissions. Although transport errors are variable, average total column CO2 (XCO2) transport errors over anthropogenic emission hotspots (0.1–0.8 ppm) are comparable to, and often exceed prior monthly anthropogenic flux uncertainties project onto the same space (0.1–1.4 ppm). Average near-surface transport error at 3 sites (Paris, Caltech and Tsukuba) range from 1.7–7.2 ppm. The global average XCO2 transport error standard deviation plateaus at ~0.1 ppm after 2–3 days, after which atmospheric mixing significantly dampens the concentration gradients. Error correlations are found to be highly flow-dependent, with XCO2 spatiotemporal correlation length scales ranging from 0 km to 700 km and 0 to 260 minutes. Globally, the average model error caused by the biogenic response to atmospheric meteorological uncertainties is small (
Do streamwater solute concentrations reflect when connectivity occurs in a small pre-alpine headwater catchment?
Authors: Kiewiet Leonie , van Meerveld Ilja , Stähli Manfred , Seibert Jan
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Expansion of the hydrologically connected area during rainfall events causes previously disconnected areas to contribute to streamflow. If these contributing areas have a different hydrochemical composition than the permanently connected areas, this may cause a change in streamwater chemistry that can not be described by simple mixing of rainfall and baseflow. Changes in stormflow composition are therefore sometimes used to identify when transiently disconnected areas (or water sources) contribute to stormflow. We identified the dominant sources of streamflow for four rainfall events in a steep 20-ha pre-alpine headwater catchment in Switzerland to investigate the temporal changes in connectivity. First, we compared the isotopic and chemical composition of stormflow at the catchment outlet to the composition of rainfall, groundwater, and soil water. Three-component end-member mixing analyses indicated that groundwater dominated stormflow for three of the four events, and that soil water fractions were minimal for two events. Then, we tested whether conservative mixing of rainfall and baseflow could describe the chemical composition of stormflow. To this end, we estimated the concentrations of different solutes in stormflow based on the mixing fractions derived from a conservative tracer (δ2H) and the concentration of the solutes in baseflow and rainfall. Then, we compared these estimated concentrations to the measured concentrations. We found that the estimated concentrations differed from the measured stormflow concentrations for many solutes and samples. The deviations increased gradually with streamflow for some solutes (e.g., iron and copper), suggesting increased hydrologic connectivity. However, the large variability in soil and groundwater composition compared to the changes in stormflow inhibited the determination of the contributions from the different sources. Our findings show that solute concentrations can be helpful for investigating hydrologic connectivity, and that it is important to quantify the variability in the composition of different source areas.
Seismicity characterization of oceanic earthquakes in the Mexican territory
Authors: Rodríguez-Pérez Quetzalcoatl , Márquez-Ramírez Víctor Hugo , Zúñiga Francisco Ramón
Published: January 2020

Abstract. We analyzed the seismicity of oceanic earthquakes in the Pacific oceanic regime of Mexico. We used data from the earthquake catalogs of the Mexican National Service (SSN), and the International Seismological Center (ISC) from 1967 to 2017. Events were classified into two different categories: intraplate oceanic (INT), and transform faults zone and mid-ocean ridges events (TF-MOR), respectively. For each category, we determined statistical characteristics such as magnitude frequency distributions, the aftershocks decay rate, the non-extensivity parameters, and the regional stress field. We obtained b-values of 1.17, and 0.82 for the INT, and TF-MOR events, respectively. TF-MOR events also exhibit local b-value variations in the range of 0.72–1.30. TF-MOR events follow a tapered Gutenberg-Richter distribution. We also obtained a p-value of 0.67 for the 1 May 1997 (Mw = 6.9) earthquake. By analyzing the non-extensivity parameters, we obtained similar q-values in the range of 1.39–1.60 for both types of earthquakes. On the other hand, the parameter a showed a clear differentiation, being higher for TF-MOR events than for INT events. This implies that more energy is released for TF-MOR events. Stress orientations are in agreement with geodynamical models for transform faults zone and mid-ocean ridges zones. In the case of intraplate seismicity, stresses are mostly related to a normal fault regime.
Sensitivity of Greenland ice sheet projections to spatial resolution in higher-order simulations: the AWI contribution to ISMIP6-Greenland using ISSM
Authors: Rückamp Martin , Goelzer Heiko , Humbert Angelika
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Projections of the contribution of the Greenland ice sheet to future sea-level rise include uncertainties primarily due to the imposed climate forcing and the initial state of the ice sheet model. Several state-of-the-art ice flow models are currently being employed on various grid resolutions to estimate future mass changes in the framework of the Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project for CMIP6 (ISMIP6). Here we investigate the sensitivity to grid resolution on centennial sea-level contributions from the Greenland ice sheet and study the mechanism at play. To this end, we employ the finite-element higher-order ice flow model ISSM and conduct experiments with four different horizontal resolutions, namely 4, 2, 1 and 0.75 km. We run the simulation based on the ISMIP6 core GCM MIROC5 under the high emission scenario RCP8.5 and consider both atmospheric and oceanic forcing in full and separate scenarios. Under the full scenarios, finer simulations unveil up to ~5 % more sea-level rise compared to the coarser resolution. The sensitivity depends on the magnitude of outlet glacier retreat, which is implemented as a series of retreat masks following the ISMIP6 protocol. Without imposed retreat under atmosphere-only forcing, the resolution dependency exhibits an opposite behaviour with about ~ 5 % more sea-level contribution in the coarser resolution. The sea-level contribution indicates a converging behaviour
Hurricane eyewall winds and structural response of wind turbines
Authors: Kapoor Amber , Ouakka Slimane , Arwade Sanjay R. , Lundquist Julie K. , Lackner Matthew A. , Myers Andrew T. , Worsnop Rochelle P. , Bryan George H.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. This paper describes the analysis of a wind turbine and support structure
subject to simulated hurricane wind fields. The hurricane wind fields, which result from a large eddy simulation of a hurricane, exhibit features such as very high gust factors (>1.7), rapid direction changes (30∘ in 30 s), and substantial veer. Wind fields including these features have not previously been used in an analysis of a wind turbine, and their effect on structural loads may be an important driver of enhanced design considerations. With a focus on blade root loads and tower base loads, the simulations show that these features of hurricane wind fields can lead to loads that are substantially in excess of those that would be predicted if wind fields with equally high mean wind speeds but without the associated direction change and veer were used in the analysis. This result, if further verified for a range of hurricane and tropical storm simulations, should provide an impetus for revisiting design standards.
¿Piromanía política o autonomía regurgitada? Compromisos éticos y estéticos de las prácticas artísticas surgidas en la estela de la Bienal Whitney de 1993
Authors: López-Moreno Ignacio
Published: January 2020

Este artículo busca claves para definir el “arte político” de las últimas décadas a partir del análisis de la presencia en la Bienal Whitney del 93, como evento en el que eclosiona una tendencia política con un matiz deliberadamente activista del arte contemporáneo, de dos artistas, el norteamericano Daniel Joseph Martinez y el español Francesc Torres. Frente a revisiones en las que la voz de los artistas implicados es obviada, este texto se centra en sus reflexiones. Aquellas críticas de la muestra del 93 que achacaron su fracaso a la desmesura con que las obras señalaban la responsabilidad del visitante sobre los males e injusticias sociales de la época, con el tiempo han tenido que asumir tal desmesura como una tendencia en la práctica artística contemporánea sólida y duradera. Nos centraremos para entender la eclosión y vigencia de esta tendencia en la relación entre los discursos de los artistas mencionados con, por un lado, el diagnóstico que Hal Foster ofreció por aquella época en torno al arte político y, por otro, con reacciones críticas que, como la que Arthur C. Danto ofreciera en “El abuso de la belleza”, han pretendido mantener asido cierto residuo de reaccionaria autonomía.
Los Textiles en el Arte Contemporáneo y su conservación. 'Estado de la cuestión'
Authors: Porcel Alazne , Artexte Enara
Published: January 2020

Hoy en día, la presencia de los textiles en el ámbito artístico contemporáneo, museos y colecciones es innegable. A pesar de ello, la crítica no siempre ha aceptado su estatus como material artístico, así como los procesos y técnicas asociados a su práctica, que siguen siendo cuestionados. A partir del siglo XX se dará una nueva valoración de los materiales textiles y su utilización en el contexto artístico se ampliará infinitamente. La producción artística a considerar en este estudio, contempla la ampliación de tipologías dentro de ese renovado ámbito artístico contemporáneo y sus características, ya que se evidencia que las especificidades formales, materiales y conceptuales de cada obra, así como la intención y opinión del artista, tienen enormes implicaciones en su conservación. Consideramos que debe realizarse una revisión de los planteamientos asentados en torno a la producción artística realizada con estos materiales, así como de las necesidades que puedan presentar de cara a su conservación y adecuada trasmisión.
Introducción del 'Proceso de Diseño' en el aula de dibujo técnico como propuesta para el empoderamiento creativo del alumnado
Authors: González-Yebra Óscar , Pérez-Valero Manuel , Aguilar Manuel A. , Aguilar Fernando J.
Published: January 2020

En este trabajo se presenta una nueva propuesta docente para las clases de dibujo técnico (expresión gráfica), en la que se incorpora el “Proceso de Diseño” al aula. Se ha trabajado la metodología de forma experimental, a través de un seminario-taller con un grupo de estudiantes del Máster en Profesorado de Educación Secundaria (especialidad en “Dibujo, Imagen y Artes Plásticas”) de la Universidad de Almería (España). El objetivo es brindar al futuro profesorado perspectivas y herramientas alternativas que proyecten un mayor dinamismo a la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la materia. El seminario se desarrolló siguiendo un planteamiento de co-participación (docente-alumnado). Además, inicialmente se reflexionó sobre el concepto de diseño y sus dificultades para abordar su definición. Con respecto al análisis de la experiencia, se han relacionado diferentes procedimientos metodológicos: índice NPS (Net Promoter Score), escala Likert de 0-10 puntos y estadísticos descriptivos. Los hallazgos obtenidos apuntan a que el enfoque metodológico propuesto es útil para el futuro profesorado de la asignatura de dibujo técnico, y favorece el desarrollo de la creatividad entre el alumnado. Esta propuesta podría inscribirse dentro de la incipiente filosofía educativa “STEAM”, interrelacionando diferentes disciplinas profesionales, como por ejemplo la ingeniería, el arte y el diseño.
Two Dimensional Analyses for the Company’s Profitability Under the Working Capital Management: Evidence From Egypt
Authors: Hassaneen Amira
Published: January 2020

The current study focused on the impact of working capital management on the financial profitability of Egyptian companies which lasting at EGX according two dimensional analyses; these dimensional are real assets level measured according to "Return on Assets" with financial assets level measured according to "TOBIN Q" during 2011 to 2018 for 23 companies.The study used unbalanced panel data analysis to examining the impact of the working capital management on the profitability. Finally, the study found two dimensional for the impact of working capital management and corporate's profitability; first according to Cost-Benefits analysis at real assets level measured through "Return on Assets"; second according to Risk Return Trade Off at financial assets level measured through "TOBIN Q".
Aportes para investigar la gestión de la construcción sin pérdidas
Authors: Rojas Julian Paula
Published: January 2020

En este ensayo presentamos una revisión de diversos aportes para mejorar la producción de la industria de la infraestructura, mediante la aplicación del modelo Lean construction (construcción sin pérdidas); debido a que se ha detectado que, actualmente, en la mayoría de la actividad productiva delramo en estudio carecen de planificación, control y monitoreo, y, sobre todo, el tema de calidad. Considerando que vivimos tiempos de abundante conocimiento e información, por eso, destacamos la importancia de la Gestión de la construcción como línea de investigación para mejorar la calidad de la industria de este rubro; para ello, es necesario indagar acerca del control de mano de obra, los tipos de trabajos en las partidas de construcción, las cartas balances, el planeamiento y programación de obras, la gestión de recursos humanos que participe en la ejecución de obras, el control de desperdicios en el tema de transportes, logística, materiales, etc.
Entre la utilidad y la conservación: valoraciones patrimoniales en la sociedad actual
Authors: Pastrana Salcedo Tarsicio
Published: January 2020

En este trabajo se plantea el dilema de la conservación patrimonial en la época actual a partir de las características generacionales y su relación con los objetos testimonio. El planteamiento desde la virtualización del patrimonio ha sido puesto en debate en varios aspectos de la vida actual. Es probable que estemos ante una crisis conceptual que se fundamenta en el cuestionamiento hacia la conservación más ortodoxa la que utiliza a las acciones de intervención con un esquema rígido y anacrónico que rinde culto a la materialidad prístina del objeto patrimonial.También es probable que estos cuestionamientos hacia la restauración como acción de intervención sobre el objeto, como una cuestión eminentemente práctica, no considere que la restauración es solo una acción que parte de la conservación y esta entra en función cuando un objeto presenta deterioro, idealmente los objetos no deberían llegar al deterioro. El planteamiento desmitifica la originalidad y la materialidad y le brinda oportunidades al incremento de herramientas tecnológicas además de apoyar mecanismos como la copia, la clonación, la reproducción y la realidad virtual como mecanismos de conservación.
Insights into the Semantics of Reduplication in English and Arabic
Authors: Al-Asbahi Khaled Mohammed Moqbel
Published: January 2020

The paper aims to describe and compare the semantics of reduplication in English and Arabic. The paper shows more semantic similarities in reduplication than differences between both languages; although, Arabic reduplication is noted to be semantically more productive than English reduplication. Both languages divide reduplication into full/partial, free/bound, and continuous/discontinuous. Moreover, both languages share the senses of reduplication like; repetition, emphasis, intensity, onomatopoeia, contempt, affection, plurality, non-uniformity, and instability, nonsense, spread out, scatter, movement, contrast, continuity, completion, and lack of control. The semantic connection was developed between most of these concepts, which showed that ambiguity was common between both languages. Both the languages used reduplication in the nursery rhymes, lyrics, games, prayers, second language teaching, children’s phonics cartoons, advertisements, tongue twisters, slogans, newspaper headlines, and political and ideological rhetoric. These similarities support the belief of some linguists stating that different languages in the world share a variety of ‘universal’ semantic features. The study concluded that Arabic reduplication was semantically more productive than English reduplication.
Multiplicity of History in Our Lady of Alice Bhatti Through Historiographic Metafiction
Authors: Ashraf Ayesha , Farooq Sardar Ahmad
Published: January 2020

English fiction, in the recent decades, has significantly manifested its deepest concern for postmodern transformation of history through subversion of the traditional historical narratives. The current research paper aims to highlight the postmodern transformation of history in the selected English novel Our Lady of Alice Bhatti written by Muhammad Hanif. The selected novel as postmodern historiographic metafiction highlights that contemporary fiction manifests and retells the traditional history through memory, parody, self-reflexivity and intertextuality. The current research study generates a better understanding of the present interdisciplinary relation of fiction with that of other disciplines especially history. The postmodern theoretical concepts of Linda Hutcheon are incorporated in this current study. This research is qualitative and exploratory, while textual analysis has been used as a research method. This research ends with the findings and recommendations for further research.
A Sociolinguistic Analysis of Childhood Narratives and the Construction of Gender Identity: A Sociocultural Perspective
Authors: Alsoraihi Maha H.
Published: January 2020

This paper recognizes various concepts about gender identity in early childhood narratives by analyzing memories and stories expressed by men and women participating in this study. Such analyses assert the fact that cultural norms’ influence on gender identity is a very complex process. Linguistic ethnography (LE) researchers have always considered language as a starting point that leads to the study of the interactions between cultural, social norms, and language. This paper is placing a noticeable emphasis on detailed analyses of recorded data of interactions as primary source for displaying and constructing gender identities via social norms differences or similarities. This study emphasizes the effect of cultural differences and how they are placed at the center of other social processes involving gender identities and cultural outcome through daily interactions. Knowledge of the concept of social reality across different fields will eventually lead to key answers of questions about how this reality is constructed, reproduced, and manifested in various social, historical, political, and socio-economic settings. This paper manifests the definition of LE which is a field that is recognized by combining both ethnography and linguistic characteristics, where ethnography lies within the researcher’s attempt to analyze communicative practices within the social norms of a particular community. Through participants’ voices, events and views, their gender identity is perceived and constructed.
Detailed Solution of a System of Singular Integral Equations for Mixed Mode Fracture in Functionally Graded Materials
Authors: Chan Youn-Sha , Athaide Edward , Belcher Kathryn , Kelly Ryan
Published: January 2020

A mixed mode crack problem in functionally graded materials is formulated to a system of Cauchy singular Fredholm integral equations, then the system is solved by the singular integral equation method (SIEM). This specific crack problem has already been solved by N. Konda and F. Erdogan (Konda & Erdogan 1994). However, many mathematical details have been left out. In this paper we provide a detailed derivation, both analytical and numerical, on the formulation as well as the solution to the system of singular Fredholm integral equations. The research results include crack displacement profiles and stress intensity factors for both mode I and mode II, and the outcomes are consistent with the paper by Konda & Erdogan (Konda & Erdogan 1994).
De ‘filterverplichting’ uit de nieuwe Auteursrechtrichtlijn
Authors: Reus J.G.
Published: January 2020

De ‘filterverplichting’ uit de nieuwe Auteursrechtrichtlijn

Het kan weinigen zijn ontgaan: op 15 april 2019 is de Richtlijn inzake auteursrechten in de digitale eengemaakte markt aangenomen (DSM-richtlijn). De DSM-richtlijn moet op 7 juni 2021 zijn omgezet in nationaal recht. Hoewel de richtlijn raakt aan allerlei onderwerpen op het gebied van het auteurs- en naburige recht in de ‘digitale markt’ (lees: op internet), hebben vooral de nieuwe regels over de value gap buitengewoon veel aandacht gekregen in de media. Met de value gap wordt kort gezegd het gat bedoeld tussen de winsten die internettussenpersonen zoals zoekmachines en platforms opstrijken en de inkomsten die de makers van de content (de auteurs) ervan terugzien. Om rechthebbenden tegemoet te komen bij de exploitatie van werken op internet, in een poging die ‘gap’ terug te dringen, bevat de richtlijn een controversieel artikel gericht op internetplatforms. Het artikel stond lange tijd bekend als ‘artikel 13’. In de definitieve versie van de DSM-richtlijn is dit artikel 17 geworden. Het is dit artikel waar ik in deze bijdrage op wil inzoomen, en dan met name op de elementen van die bepaling die als een ‘filterverplichting’ zouden kunnen worden aangemerkt – een veelgehoord punt van kritiek, dan wel zorg.

Richtlijn (EU) 2019/790 van het Europees Parlement en de Raad inzake auteursrechten en naburige rechten in de digitale eengemaakte markt en tot wijziging van Richtlijnen 96/9/EG en 2001/29/EG, PbEU 2019, L 130/92.
Genetic analysis of mitochondrial ND5 gene of siberian ibex (Capra Sibirica, Pallas, 1776) population in Mongolia
Authors: Bilguun Tsenddorj , Delgerzul Baatar , Unudbayasgalan Zunduibaatar , Galbadrakh Baranz , Tserendulam Batsukh
Published: January 2020

The Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica) from Central Asia is believed to be the most ancient species of the genus Capra. In Mongolia, it is distributed in the areas of Mongolian Altai, Gobi-Altai, Dzungaria, Altai, Khan Khuhii, Khoridal Saridag and Ulaan Taiga as well as in the desert and semi-desert steppe zones of Dundgobi and Dornogobi aimags (provinces). In the current study, we investigated the mitochondrial ND5 gene fragments of the Siberian ibex population from different parts of Mongolia. Nine haplotypes, including 6 shared and 3 unique haplotypes were identified among these populations. Furthermore, Tajima’s statistics and Fu’s statistics did not reveal significant positive value across the population, indicating population decline and balancing selection.In the phylogenetic tree by 9 haplotypes, no separated clusters were generated. In addition, nucleotide diversity was 0.015, haplotype diversity was 0.86 and the average number of differences in nucleotides was 8.2 in the overall population. These results suggest that genetic diversity across all the populations was low, while haplotype diversity and the average number of differences in nucleotides were high.
English loans in everyday conversational Polish. A corpus study
Authors: Tomaszczyk Jerzy
Published: January 2020

The purpose of the study was to gauge the extent to which early 21st-century general Polish, spoken and written, was saturated with English lexical material. English lexical loans extracted from an over 58-hour recording of everyday conversational Polish were analysed with the use of the NKJP corpus tools (nkjp.pl). The findings are broadly consistent with the results of previous, micro-corpus-based research in that English lexical influence on the turn-of-the-millennium Polish appears to have been much less extensive than is commonly believed.
Streszczenie
Zapożyczenia angielskie z ponad 58 godzin polskich rozmów codziennych poddano analizie korpusowej (nkjp.pl) w celu ustalenia stopnia nasycenia anglicyzmami polszczyzny ogólnej w odmianie mówionej i pisanej. Wyniki są zgodne z ustaleniami wcześniejszych badań, w których korzystano z mikro-korpusów: anglicyzmów w polszczyźnie ogólnej przełomu tysiącleci było znacznie mniej niż się często sadzi.
Zagadnienie ugrofińskiego substratu w językach bałtyckich
Authors: Witczak Krzysztof Tomasz
Published: January 2020

The issue of the Finno-Ugric substratum in Baltic languages. Summary: The aim of the paper is to review Witold Mańczak’s ten arguments supporting the hypothesis on the existence of a Finno-Ugric substratum in Baltic languages, as well as to discuss Jan Henrik Holst’s critical remarks on the matter. The present author discusses all the problematic issues and presents his own position.
Streszczenie: Celem tego artykułu jest przegląd 10 argumentów, przytoczonych przez Witolda Mańczaka, które mają świadczyć o obecności substratu ugrofińskiego w językach bałtyckich, a także prezentacja uwag krytycznych zgłoszonych przez Jana Henrika Holsta. Autor omawia szczegółowo wszystkie problematyczne kwestie i wyraża własne stanowisko w powyższej dyskusji.
Le rôle créateur de la memoria rhétorique dans la théorie des arts à l’époque des Lumières
Authors: Zacharow Sebastian
Published: January 2020

The article addresses the issue of one of the parts of rhetoric – memory (memoria) in relation to fine arts (beaux-arts), a term invented by Charles Batteux. In the classical understanding of the rhetorical discourse, memoria is a set of rules allowing the speaker to remember his speech and then to deliver it in the best possible way. In terms of aesthetics and art, the mentioned term takes on many new meanings, to the extent that Diderot’s Encyclopedia does not use it at all. In order to explain the role of memory as a creative process, the French theoreticians of the Age of Enlightenment (Batteux, Dubos, Voltaire) use many other terms, which only shows the complexity of the term memoria. The aim of the article is to show the adaptation of the rhetorical term to the area of poetics and theory of art, and to present how this rhetorical concept becomes one of the foundations of the fine arts.
Między ruralizacją miasta i „urbanizacją przyrody”. Historia środowiskowa okupowanej Warszawy
Authors: Wróbel-Bardzik Karolina
Published: January 2020

The paper attempts to answer the question about the place of plants and urban greenery in Warsaw during the occupation and post-war period. The theoretical framework is determined by the environmental history of the war. The author describes ruralization of Warsaw during the occupation, and the fate of trees in urban forests and gardens and parks, which became depleted or destroyed as a result of the war and overexploitation. These spaces are called by Chris Pearson as “scarred landscapes”. An important point of reference is the pre-war and post-war vision of modernizing the city, in which plants occupy an important place in the spatial planning sphere. Moreover, the paper discusses the phenomenon of “urbanization of nature”, determining in this period of what belongs to the accepted sphere of “nature” in urban space.
Karola Čapka zabawa w „kryminałki”. (O genezie i budowie Opowieści z różnych kieszeni)
Authors: Kardyni-Pelikánová Krystyna
Published: January 2020

The author attempts to define the genological structure of Stories from a Pocket and Stories from Another Pocket by Karel Čapek. The analysis of titles and content of stories leads to the conclusion that in search of a way to disseminate culture, to create popular literature, however with high artistic values, by applying his own invention the Czech author went far beyond mere replication of detective and criminal novel patterns commonly used in Euro-Atlantic culture. His ingenuity in the “genre instrumentation” of these short detective and criminal stories was remarkable and produced great results.
Sankcjonowanie władzy w Matni Romana Polańskiego
Authors: Wróblewski Łukasz
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this paper is a multidimensional analysis of the problem of power in the film Matnia by Roman Polański. Using the ups and downs of three heroes as a starting point of the deliberations, the author proves that the effectiveness of power is not only in physical strength and the will to dominate but rather in the readiness to be subordinated. This readiness is generated in the heroes by such factors as vast and unprotected space of the castle, making of one of the main heroes – George – a female character, the failure of the institution of marriage (evidence of George’s wife’s unfaithfulness appears in the film), the powerlessness of language, which makes opposing the oppressor difficult, and finally omnipotence of the affect understood as a key to the interpretation of postmodern power structures.
Łódzkie kawiarnie literackie w II połowie XX wieku
Authors: Krawczyk Alicja
Published: January 2020

The article is an attempt to reconstruct a fragment of the history of literary Łódź on the basis of previously forgotten literary texts, memories, anecdotes or scattered press notes. The meeting places for writers just after 1945 were cafes located in Śródmieście, including Honoratka, Fraszka, Pickwick Club. In their interiors, there were meetings of poets, literary debuts, and thundering verbal fencing of intellectuals gathered around a coffee table.
Scaling Up of the Pyrolysis Process to Produce Silica from Rice Husk
Authors: Casnan Casnan , Noor Erliza , Hadjomidjojo Hartrisari , Irzaman Irzaman , Rohaeti Eti
Published: January 2020

Rice husk is a potential alternative source of silica and silicon. The mechanism of heating (pyrolysis) for the decomposition of rice husk is an important factor in obtaining silica of high purity. Medium-scale pyrolysis to produce silica from rice husk serves as a bridge to connect laboratory-scale production to industrial-scale production. The purpose of this study was to model and scale up the pyrolysis process as a guidance for industrial-scale production. The research method used was experimentally based. An experimental investigation was undertaken in five stages. 1) Analyzing rice husk mass conversion using thermogravimetry analysis (TGA); 2) pyrolysis modeling based on a laboratory investigation using COMSOL Multiphysics version 5.3; 3) medium-scale experiments according to the modeling results; 4) validation of the modeling results by carrying out a medium-scale experiment; 5) silica purity analysis using SEM-EDX. The medium-scale pyrolysis simulation of silica manufacture from rice husk obtained a heating rate of 1.5 °C/min. There was an increase in the heating rate of 1 °C/min when compared to the laboratory-scale process. The pyrolysis of rice husk for the production of silica affects the mass conversion and selectivity of the resulting silica product. The mass conversion produced was 13.33% to 17.87% and the purity of silica produced was 63.99% to 82.74%.
Structural Topology Optimization of Brake Disc Using the Equivalent Moving Load Method
Authors: Zhang Shengfang , Yin Jian , Liu Yu , Ma Fujian , Sha Zhihua , Yang Dapeng
Published: January 2020

During the braking process, the brake disc is subjected to the moving load. The process-point of the moving load moves along a certain trajectory, which makes it difficult to design the brake disc structure by using a traditional topology optimization method. The novel Equivalent Moving Load (EML) method proposed in this paper aims to solve this problem. According to the principle of continuous photographing technology, a mathematical model was established by using the round inward polygonal approximation algorithm. The EML method equalizes the continuous dynamic load action to many finite working conditions by geometric approximation. These working conditions are placed along the trajectory. The structure of the brake disc is then optimized by the EML method. Additionally, the influence of the layout style of the brake pads and the total number of working conditions on the optimization result are discussed in this paper. The optimization results showed that the new structure is a three-annulus structure. The weight of the new structure is reduced by 57.95% compared to the initial structure by structural topology optimization using the EML method. It was proved that structural topology optimization using the EML method is efficient in optimizing a structure subjected to dynamic load.
Results Comparison for Hat-shaped, Double-notch and Punch Testing of Split Hopkinson Shear Bar Technique
Authors: Budiwantoro Bagus , Faizah Iffah , Prabowo Dini A. , Febrinawarta Burhan , Kariem Muhammad Agus
Published: January 2020

The split Hopkinson shear bar (SHSB) test is a modification of the high rate-impact test using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). The SHSB has been developed for a variety of techniques, for example, the hat-shaped (circular or flat), double-notch, and punch (with or without notch) techniques. The main purpose of this study was to compare these three techniques to determine the shear stress-shear strain of aluminum alloy 2024-T351. The study was conducted using the Abaqus/CAE® software. The circular hat-shaped and punch (with and without notch) techniques used a quarter-section solid 3D model. The flat hat-shaped and double-notch techniques used a half-section solid 3D model. This study successfully tested and compared the three SHSB techniques, with a number of considerations, i.e. the same parameter values for kinetic energy, shear area and shear angle. Each technique has its own advantages and disadvantages in terms of force equilibrium, flow stress fluctuation, constant strain rate, machine-ability, ease of experiment, etc. The optimum technique among the three is the hat-shaped technique.
Determination of The Site Amplification on Deep Soil Layer Using 1-D Site Response Analysis (Case study: Jakarta City, Indonesia)
Authors: Delfebriyadi Delfebriyadi , Irsyam Masyhur , Hutapea Bigman M. , Imran Iswandi , Asrurifak Muhammad
Published: January 2020

The dynamic response of deep soil layers is used in the development of microzonation maps. The empirical correlation between standard penetratation blow count numbers and S-wave velocity was derived for practical purposes in site characterization based on local data in a case study in Jakarta, Indonesia. For estimating the intensity of potential earthquake shaking at the ground surface as a function of depth to the bedrock surface layer, 1-D site response analysis was carried out in 5745 simulations. The site amplification values were then evaluated by dividing the spectral acceleration (SA) at ground surface by the SA at rock outcrop. Plots of the SA amplification values at interested depth intervals of the bedrock surface layer were assigned. The results showed that the site amplification values estimated by considering the local depth of the bedrock surface layer were generally smaller than the SA amplification values from the Indonesian seismic building code SNI-1726-2012. Also, there appears to exist a tendency of lower levels of mean regression of amplification, in particular for the soft soil site class.
Mujeres inmigrantes privadas de libertad
Authors: Márquez Gento Petra
Published: January 2020

Se revisa brevemente el estado de la mujer en la cárcel y su perfil delictivo y los correspondientes datos cuantitativos de cárceles españolas. Se propone un proyecto de investigación e intervención cuyo objetivo principal es detectar los niveles de éxito o fracaso del colectivo de mujeres inmigrantes en su doble adaptación, a través de la observación de las distintas estrategias de asimilación que poseen. Todo ello, llevaría a una conclusión final, que sería obtener un perfil sociocultural de las mujeres inmigrantes. Esto llevaría a una intervención adecuada por parte de las instituciones o servicios que se ocupen de dar ayuda a colectivos desfavorecidos, y /o dar datos sobre la población reclusa a las políticas migratorias.

It will be reviewed briefly the state of the woman in prison and her criminal profile and the corresponding quantitative data of Spanish prisons are briefly reviewed. A research and intervention project is proposed whose main objective is to detect the levels of success or failure of the immigrant women in their double adaptation, through the observation of the different assimilation strategies they have. All this, would lead to a final conclusion, which would be to obtain a sociocultural profile of immigrant women. This would lead to an adequate intervention by institutions or services that deal with giving assistance to disadvantaged groups, and / or giving information about the inmate population to migration policies.
El suicidio infantil, retos de una sociedad global. Tópicos del Trabajo Social
Authors: Acevedo Alemán Jesús
Published: January 2020

Cada año se suicidan casi un millón de personas, lo que supone una tasa de mortalidad global de 16 por 100,000 habitantes; dicho de otra manera, se presenta una muerte cada 40 segundos.  Representando el suicidio una de las tres primeras causas de defunción entre las personas de 15 a 44 años en algunos países, y la segunda causa en el grupo de 10 a 24 años (OMS, 2018). Aunque tradicionalmente las mayores tasas de suicidio se han registrado entre personas mayores de 18 años, las tasas entre los jóvenes y niños han ido en aumento hasta el punto de que ahora estos son el grupo de mayor riesgo en un tercio de los países, tanto en el mundo desarrollado, como en el mundo en desarrollo. En tal sentido, el presente artículo contribuye en la reflexión y análisis de este fenomeno, particularmente en el suicidio infantil, el cual se consideraba anteriomente “poco frecuente” (Durkheim (1965); pero en la actualidad, se ha ido incrementando en México, lo cual requiere de la suma de esfuerzos para su prevención y atención, peor sobredo comvoca a la participacion de los trabajadores sociales desde su quehacer profesional.

Nearly one million people commit suicide each year, which represents a global mortality rate of 16 per 100,000 inhabitants; In other words, a death occurs every 40 seconds. Representing suicide one of the first three causes of death among people aged 15 to 44 in some countries, and the second cause in the group of 10 to 24 years (WHO, 2018). Although traditionally the highest suicide rates have been registered among people over 18, the rates among young people and children have been rising to the point that these are now the highest risk group in a third of the countries, both in the developed world, as in the developing world. In this sense, this article contributes to the reflection and analysis of this phenomenon, particularly in child suicide, which was previously considered “rare” (Durkheim (1965); but at present, it has been increasing in Mexico, which requires the sum of efforts for prevention and care, worse overcomes the participation of social workers since their professional work.