bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Curcumin on Lead Induced Haematological, Oxidative and Bone Marrow Damage in Wistar Rats
Authors: Khare A. , Dubey A. , Verma Y. , Khare A. , Swamy M. , Jatav M. , Nayak A. , Verma Y.K.
Published: January 2024

Background: Lead is a well-recognized environmental pollutant and multisystemic toxin, which imposes a serious health concern in animals. Present study was conducted with the objectives to assess toxic effect of lead on mature and precursor blood cells and its amelioration with curcumin. Methods: Haematology and bone marrow cytology and histopathology were performed in rats for all the experimental groups after administration of lead acetate and curcumin in respective groups for 30 consecutive days. Result: Significant decrease in haemoglobin level, packed cell volume, erythrocytic, leukocytic and lymphocytic counts were observed in rats exposed to lead acetate on 15th and 30th day of experiment. Significant decrease in relative erythroid cell count and significantly increased myeloid to erythroid ratio were recorded in cytology along with histopathological alterations in bone marrow of lead exposed rats as compared to control rats. Oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde level was found to be significantly increased in association with significantly increased blood lead levels. Significant protection against these toxic changes was observed in rats administered with curcumin along with lead.
Aguas de libertad: los ríos del norte de Costa Rica en la Campaña Nacional de 1856-1857
Authors: Hilje Quirós Luko
Published: January 2024

El río San Juan, que junto con el lago de Nicaragua forman un canal interoceánico natural casi completo, siempre estuvo en la mira de grandes potencias mundiales, debido a su valor geoestratégico. Por tanto, fue un elemento clave en las pretensiones expansionistas del líder filibustero William Walker quien, con el apoyo de los esclavistas del sur de EE. UU., se proponía conquistar las cinco repúblicas centroamericanas y anexarlas a dicho país. Aunque desde 1856 Walker tenía bajo su dominio tan importante ruta acuática, durante la primera etapa de la Campaña Nacional de 1856-1857 no se le combatió ahí, pues se sabía que invadiría Costa Rica por Guanacaste. No obstante, en la segunda etapa los mayores esfuerzos del ejército costarricense se concentraron en sus aguas, para disputarle los bastiones militares de La Trinidad, el Castillo Viejo y el fuerte de San Carlos. Para ello hubo que incursionar en el río San Juan a través de sus dos mayores afluentes, el San Carlos y el Sarapiquí, lo que representó grandes desafíos, pues los soldados costarricenses no tenían experiencia en combates fluviales, ni tampoco en una región tan desconocida. Para entender lo ocurrido entonces, en este artículo se presenta un análisis —basado en varias fuentes documentales y en visitas a ambos ríos— de los factores políticos, geográficos y humanos que propiciaron que dichos ríos fueran clave para que la región del norte de Costa Rica se convirtiera en un escenario determinante en la defensa de la libertad y la soberanía de los países centroamericanos.
Reflexiones sobre la génesis del Himno al árbol
Authors: Amoretti María
Published: January 2024

En esta reseña comentamos un libro de Luko Hilje Quirós que relata los entretelones del nacimiento de un himno al árbol que varias generaciones de costarricenses cantamos en la escuela por casi cien años. Es una historia que nace de la nostalgia de nuestra infancia pero que genera también muchas reflexiones en torno a la figura del poeta José Santos Chocano, su momento histórico y la conformación de una identidad continental para Hispanoamérica, un tema en el que la historia natural de estas tierras tiene mucho que decir y enseñarnos en el centro mismo del fenómeno creativo.
A Review of Mencius’ Principle of the Four Occupations of the People
Authors:   The Society for Asian Philosophy in Korea, Suh DaeWon
Published: January 2024

In the history of the world and the history of East Asia, there is a big difference in categorizing people. In the history of the world, for example, people are classified into ‘king-priest-commoner-slave’ or ‘king-commoner-labor’. In the history of East Asia, on the contrary, people are divided into four categories: scholar, farmer, artisan and merchant. This kind of classification started a very long time ago, and it is even stated in Shujing (Classic of Documents) and Guanzi (Book of Master Guan). In other words, such categorization at least existed even before the Zhou Dynasty. It lasted until the Qing Dynasty in China and until the Joseon Dynasty in Korea.
In terms of Mencius’ view of these four occupations, they were explained with tonggongyishi (exchange of efforts and goods (fruit of efforts)). According to his analysis, all occupations have surplus and deficiency, and people have very diverse needs and desires. Therefore, it is needed to make up for such deficiencies by exchanging surpluses. In other words, division of labor and trade were understood as a basic principle of human life. There also was a policy to support those who may not be able to generate a surplus.
Considering the above results, it is understandable to have Mencius’ yixing 易姓 Revolution and easy to understand the basic framework of the policy designed to enrich people. Mencius believed that such policy was critical in building a good [shan 善] society.
Measurement and Mirage: The Informal Sector Revisited
Authors:   Institute of Development Studies, Gallien Max
Published: January 2024

Recent years have seen an increasing availability and usage of measurements of informal sectors as the basis of scholarship and policy advice on the causes and consequences of informality. This has created an impression of a consensus around a clearly conceptualised and operationalised object of study – that when we talk about the informal sector, we know what we are talking about. This paper argues that this impression is largely a mirage. It suggests that underneath increasingly accepted measurements, and actively masked by them, there remains a fundamental conceptual confusion and continuing diversity in understandings of what the informal sector is. What should be questions of definition have been moved ‘downstream’ into the specifications of statistical models and measurements, resulting in a lack of transparency and the emergence of feedback loops between common conceptions and methodological assumptions. This has led a large part of the current literature on informal sectors to generate potentially misleading insights into substantial development policy discussions around taxation, registration, and social protection. This paper reviews the causes and consequences of these issues and suggests both best practices and revised definitions in order to address them.
Pengaruh Media Infografis dalam Penulisan Teks Pidato Persuasif Berdasarkan Gender Kelas IX SMPIT Ibnu Khaldun
Authors: Pratama Rizqi Aji , Syadza Aghnia
Published: January 2024

Media infografis merupakan salah satu media pembelajaran terkini yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam pembelajaran bahasa dengan berbagai kelebihan, antara lain: menyajikan informasi penting dalam bentuk sederhana; memiliki elemen visual; tersaji dalam satu gambar utuh. Penelitian terdahulu menyebutkan bahwa infografis dapat meningkatkan minat dan kemampuan menulis. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mengamati pengaruh media tersebut pada penulisan teks pidato persuasif. Metode yang digunakan yakni kuasi eksperimen model one grup pretest-postest yang melibatkan 113 peserta didik kelas IX SMPIT Ibnu Khaldun tahun 2023/2024. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa infografis tidak berpengaruh pada kemampuan menulis teks pidato persuasif dibanding media video. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kemampuan antara laki-laki dan perempuan dalam penulisan teks pidato persuasif. Meskipun begitu, peserta didik merasa bahwa infografis lebih memudahkan mereka untuk melihat dan mengembangkan ide untuk penulisan.
Gagasan Modernitas dalam Pers Islam di Hindia Belanda Awal Abad XX (1915—1934)
Authors: Subuki Makyun , Erowati Rosida , Nurjanah Neneng , Hudaa Syihaabul
Published: January 2024

In the early 20th century, the idea of modernity emerged and continued to evolve in the press, including Islamic press. Interestingly, as part of the expression of the Muslim movement, the concept of modernity was represented distinctively. This research aims to investigate the linguistic expression in the Islamic press and link it to the concept of modernity that emerged in the early 20th century. The approach employed in this research is qualitative, with a corpus linguistic method used to collect and interpret data. The data consists of eight newspapers published between 1915 and 1934: Oetoesan Islam, Sinar Islam, Insjaf, Sawoenggaling, Al Qisthaus, Mata-Hari, Lembaga Baroe, and Pewarta Arab. Findings from this research include, firstly, 25 words expressing modernity, such as: orang, bangsa, kaoem, golongan, pergerakan, kemadjoean, perhimpoenan, kemerdikaän, studieclub, merdeka, kemerdekaan, peladjaran, pengadjaran, sekolah, sekolahan, mempeladjari, kepandaian, beladjar, soerat, kabar, toelisan, hoeroef, membatja, menoelis dan penoelis which have a significant frequency. Secondly, based on the exploration of these words, four concepts of modernity are reflected in the early 20th-century Islamic press: (1) the idea of modern education as a path to progress; (2) the concept of nationalism and awareness in organising for independence; (3) the idea of economic welfare; and (4) the importance of literacy, newspapers, and criticism of Latinization.
Resistensi dalam E-Cerpen Karya Muna Masyari dan Relevansinya terhadap Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia
Authors: Cindi Dinda Triana , Dermawan Taufik , Zahro Azizatuz
Published: January 2024

Salah satu jenis karya sastra yang diterima keberadaannya dan cukup populer di masyarakat, yaitu cerpen. Perkembangan teknologi yang semakin pesat membuat cerpen yang awalnya hanya berbentuk cetak atau buku, saat ini sudah tersedia secara elektronik atau digital (E-Cerpen). Di dalam cerpen terkadang terdapat kritik yang ingin disampaikan pengarang dengan latar belakang permasalahan yang ada. Muna Masyari sebagai salah satu pengarang Madura, menghadirkan kritik dalam cerpen yang ditulisnya sebagai bentuk resistensi atas masalah-masalah yang terjadi dalam sistem kehidupan masyarakat Madura terutama dalam sistem kebudayaan. Tujuan penelitian ini, yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan resistensi terbuka dan tertutup dalam E-Cerpen karya Muna Masyari dan relevansinya terhadap pembelajaran bahasa dan sastra Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data berupa kata, kalimat, serta paragraf yang berisi bentuk-bentuk resistensi terbuka dan tertutup dalam E-Cerpen karya Muna Masyari dan relevansinya terhadap pembelajaran bahasa dan sastra Indonesia. Adapun, sumber data penelitian ini adalah E-Cerpen karya Muna Masyari. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi dokumen. Lalu, teknik analisis datanya menggunakan teknik analisis interaktif milik Miles&Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada 2 bentuk resistensi, yaitu resistensi terbuka dan tertutup dalam E-Cerpen karya Muna Masyari, serta karya yang diciptakan oleh pengarang relevan jika dijadikan sebagai konten pembelajaran bahasa dan sastra Indonesia.
Media Elegant Teleprompter sebagai Alternatif Media Pembelajaran Membaca Teks Berita Siswa Kls VIII MTs Nurul Yaqin Proppo
Authors: In’am  , Alatas Mochamad Arifin
Published: January 2024

Kendala dalam membaca berita adalah tuntutan untuk membaca nyaring dan kecepatan mata dalam menjaga kefokusan. Hal inilah yang melatarbelakangi adanya penelitian ini. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini mendeskripsikan penggunaan elegan Telepromter sebagai alternatif media pembelajaran membaca teks berita pada siswa. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil dalam penelitian ini adalah penggunaan Elegan telepromter sebagai alternatif media pembelajaran memiliki beberapa  tahapan. Tahapan tersebut meliputi 1. Proses / langkah - langkah pembuatan yang terdiri atas cara mengistal, cara penggunaan dan cara pembuatan skrip 2. Pelaksanaan yang terdiri atas penjelasan apa itu Elegan Telepromter, mempraktikkan dan memberi arahan dan 3. Evaluasi yang terdiri atas kesesuaian dengan media pembelajaran, kelemahan dan kekurangan.
Bookcreator Bermuatan Kearifan Lokal sebagai Media Penguatan Literasi Baca Digital
Authors: Samsiyah Nur
Published: January 2024

Literasi baca tidak hanya sekedar membaca namun perlu dihubungkan dengan teknologi dan kearifan lokal agar sesuai dengan tuntutan perkembangan jaman. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendesksripsikan penguatan literasi digital melalui bookcreator bermuatan kearifan lokal di sekolah dasar. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan pengamatan, wawancara, angket dan tes. Instrumen berupa lembar wawancara, lembar observasi, angket dan soal uraian. Siswa yang menjadi subyek penelitian yaitu siswa kelas 4 yang bertempat di sekolah dasar Josenan 1 kota Madiun dengan jumlah 25 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa memiliki antusias dalam bercerita kearifan lokal, senang membaca bookcreator dan hasil tes membuat peta konsep ide pokok dan gagasan pendukung mendapat skor 3,57 dari aspek ketepatan, kerapian dan waktu. Aktivitas siswa dalam penguatan literasi baca digital perlu dilakukan setiap hari untuk membiasakan siswa berliterasi. Kearifan lokal yang dimuat dalam bookcreator diharapkan dapat menjadikan siswa memahami dan menghargai budaya lokal yang ada di sekitar siswa.
Pemanfaatan Digitalisasi sebagai Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia pada Era Society 5.0
Authors: Wachidah Liana Rochmatul
Published: January 2024

Di era society 5.0 ini, media digital dianggap sebagai hasil evolusi teknologi informasi dan komunikasi yang berdampak secara signifikan pada berbagai aspek kehidupan masyarakat.  Salah satunya berpengaruh pada aspek pendidikan khususnya pada pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia dan pembentukan karakter peserta didik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan pemanfaatan digitalisasi sebagai penguatan pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia di era society 5.0.  Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yakni kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dan didukung dengan studi pustaka. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini yakni peneliti bertindak sebagai instrumen kunci dan data penelitian ini berwujud hasil observasi dan studi pustaka. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui penelusuran terhadap sumber-sumber pustaka seperti buku, jurnal, catatan, dan laporan yang relevan dengan topik atau isu yang sedang dibahas. Teknik analisis data penelitian ini melalui pengelompokan data, penyajian, verifikasi, dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini yakni penguatan karakter dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan memanfaatkan digitalisasi melalui aplikasi, platform pembelajaran, dan website pembelajaran. Digitalisasi melalui website pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia yakni memiliki dua sistematika. Pertama, website pembelajaran peserta didik ini memiliki tujuh fitur: (1) home; (2) lesson; (3) training; (4) task; (5) report, (6) edit profile; dan (7) panduan. Kedua, website pembelajaran peserta didik memiliki enam fitur yaitu: (1) beranda; (2) halaman; (3) kuis; (4) media; (5) pengaturan; dan (6) pengguna. Website ini bisa digunakan untuk melakukan penilaian yang mengukur perkembangan karakter peserta didik, seperti kemampuan mereka untuk mendengarkan dengan empati atau berkomunikasi dengan kejujuran melalui kuis-kuis.
Front Anti Komunis dan Front Pembela Islam: Studi Komparatif dalam Perspektif Sejarah
Authors: Adam Yusril Fahmi , Badrun Badrun
Published: January 2024

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan Front Anti Komunis (FAK) dan Front Pembela Islam (FPI) dalam perspektif sejarah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode historis dengan melalui empat tahap, yakni pengumpulan data atau sumber-sumber (heuristik), kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Dalam analisisnya, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi-politik, sehingga penelitian ini tidak hanya bersifat naratif-deskriptif, melainkan lebih kepada analitis-deskriptif. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa FAK dan FPI merupakan dua gerakan yang menggunakan ideologi Islam sebagai sebagai pedoman dasar pergerakannya. FAK dan FPI menggunakan ideologi Islam sebagai dasar perjuangan disebabkan oleh pengaruh Isa Anshary dan Rizieq Shihab yang merupakan termasuk dalam fundamentalisme Islam dan menjadikan dakwah sebagai kunci awal pergerakannya. Lebih jauh, FAK dan FPI juga bertujuan untuk memberikan perlawanan terhadap PKI dan ideologi komunisme, dan pemikiran liberalisme, sekulerisme, serta perbuatan yang jauh dari penilaian agama Islam. Kesimpulan dalam artikel yaitu implementasi gerakan FAK dan FPI dapat mempengaruhi aspek sosial-politik di Indonesia akibat stimulus dakwah Islam yang telah ditanamkan kepada seluruh kader FAK dan FPI.
The system of key performance indicators as a strategic management tool
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Gerus Vladimir Leonidovich
Published: January 2024

The requirements for the transportation process management are formulated taking into account modern world standards. The necessity of using the system of balanced indicators and key performance indicators to justify and achieve the target results of railway transport units is shown. The measures allowing to adapt the considered methodologies to peculiarities of JSC «Russian Railways» functioning and introduce these methodologies into a single network technological process of railway transportation are proposed. The necessity of updating and improving the system of key performance indicators operating in JSC «Russian Railways» and bringing it in line with modern technologies for the transportation process management is substantiated.
Peculiarities of the railway transport system construction
Authors:   Research & Production Holding STRATEG, Kozlov Petr Alexeevich , Abdullaev Ildar Salimovich ,   JSC «RZD», Kolokolnikov Vitaliy Sergeevich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2024

The dual function of railway transport is considered - as an independent system and as an element of the «national economy» system. The task of the second function is to provide economic ties with reliable and efficient transport links. When performing this task, there is a need for stream-by-stream control of traffic flows and use of a flexible formation plan. Herewith, losses are reduced due to mismatch of rhythms at the junction of «transport - production». However, additional costs appear on railways and at stations, which means that revenues are reduced. That is, the first function «suffers». Harmony in contradiction of functions is proposed to be achieved in the following way: the railway transport system pays for additional work of roads from funds received from subjects of economic ties, and those in turn pay for the work of stations.
Theoretical background of the transfer of traction rolling stock to gas engine fuel
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Startsev Andrey Vasilyevich , Storozhev Ivan Ivanovich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Tsikhalevskiy Igor Stanislavovich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Mishin Yaroslav Alexandrovich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Sharapov Alexander Takhirovich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2024

The development strategy of JSC «Russian Railways» provides by 2024, the replacement of diesel fuel consumption with natural gas should be 11 %, and by 2030 should be 25 %. In order to implement this strategy, it is necessary to carry out researches for the transfer of traction rolling stock to gas motor fuel. The article presents the thermal calculation of the D-50 series diesel locomotive engine, which is equipped with most shunting locomotives of the ТEМ18 type. The performed calculation shows the possibility of transferring this engine to the gas-diesel cycle while maintaining its technical parameters satisfactorily. It is pointed out that it is necessary to conduct experimental (exploratory) studies on a real engine to confirm the results of the theoretical studies carried out.
Methodology for assessing the level of transport infrastructure development of region
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Vyskrebentsev Ivan Sergeevich , Petrov Mikhail Borisovich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2024

The methodology has been developed that allows assessing the level of the transport infrastructure of the region and predicting the needs of the territory in the development of transport. Based on the linear convolution method, the comprehensive evaluation indicator has been developed, which includes characteristics of the volume and quality of the track infrastructure of land transport modes, as well as the terminal system. The approach to determining the weighting coefficients of the integrated assessment system parameters is proposed, which makes it possible to establish the closest correlation between the transport infrastructure assessment indicator and the volume of traffic in the region. A comparative analysis of the developed indicator with the Engel and Goltz coefficients is performed according to the criterion of the closeness of relationship between the assessment of transport infrastructure and volume of traffic in the region. The regression model has been formed that makes it possible to predict the impact of transport infrastructure on meeting the current transportation needs of the region. Based on the comparison of the estimates obtained, the study was conducted to determine insufficiency or redundancy of the development of transport infrastructure in certain regions.
Using the multiple stochastic matrices for construction of absolutely stable data transmission systems
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Medvedeva N. V. , Titov S. S. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2024

The paper investigates the problem of building absolutely stable data transmission systems by creating perfect (according to Shannon) ciphers, codes. Multidimensional matrices associated with the joint distribution of several random variables as random events on the Cartesian product of probability spaces are defined here. At the same time, the issues of identifying arbitrariness in the task of describing the multidimensional probability distribution with specified marginal distributions are considered. It is shown how discrete distributions can be described using continuous distribution functions by means of copula functions with piecewise constant probability density. A bijective correspondence is constructed between the convex polyhedron of such functions, the polyhedron of multiple stochastic matrices and multidimensional probability distributions. Examples of minimal perfect ciphers and codes are considered. The criterion of minimality for inclusion of perfect codes with equally probable projections is proved, new examples of such codes are given.
Development of the energy-efficient asynchronous electric drive of a locomotive blower motor
Authors:   Rostov State Transport University (RSTU), Olkhovatov D. V. , Shevkunova A. V. ,   Rostov State Transport University (RSTU)
Published: January 2024

For the ventilation system of a traction electric drive of an alternating current electric locomotive, the asynchronous electric drive with high technical and economic indicators has been developed. According to the compiled system of equations for the operation of the asynchronous motor in the rotating coordinate system, a computer model in the SimInTech software package and direct start model are constructed, graphs of transients in current velocity in two modes are obtained. It is proposed to start and regulate the rotational speed of the asynchronous electric motor using a frequency converter and speed feedback control systems. Such a technical solution enables limiting the starting currents within two nominal values. In addition, setting the speed of an electric drive blower motor based on the current temperature of traction engines will reduce the energy consumed by the electric drive and the noise level in a locomotive crew compartment. For solving the tasks assigned in this research paper, the systematic approach, method of physical modeling, provisions of theoretical electrical engineering, numerical modeling on a PC using the SimInTech software package were used.
The mechanism of building-up and maintenance of organizational trust at the transport industry enterprises
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Zelyukova E. V. , Karavaeva L. P. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Onipko A. A. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2024

Organizational relation-ships are deeply affected by complex, unpredictable socio-economic and political changes that create conditions for a shortage of all major types of resources, in particular, human and temporary ones. It results in a reconsideration of traditional approaches to organization of labor interaction, a search for new sources of organizational efficiency. One of them is the phenomenon of organizational trust, a component of organizational culture and interpersonal interaction. It enables to achieve a high level of stability, rational use of the organization’s resources. The concept of the analysis for organizational trust suggested by the authors by means of the conditions for implementation of the mechanisms for its building-up and maintenance in the labor interaction of managers and employees of a transport holding company provides a new assessment of the place and role of this phenomenon. The interrelation of trust and such management processes as delegation, supervision, assessment of the personnel professionalism level and qualification, a choice of management style is illustrated. It is revealed that organizational trust in management activities has a limited and functional character, and the manager’s professionalism allows to implement the functions of delegation and supervision, based more on the competence of an employee than on personal affections. Personal experience, the nature of labor organization and the distribution of work responsibilities are crucial, which ensures the prioritization of work objectives in the conditions of saving organizational resources and the necessity for workload redistribution.
Development of a conceptual model of a digital twin for a chain of regional transport and logistics centers
Authors:   Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics named after N. N. Krasovsky Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kruglikov S. V. , Ivashkin M. V. ,   Institute of Economics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2024

In 2019-2024 the Federal Project for the Development of Multimodal Transport and Logistics Centers proposed a possible solution to optimize cargo delivery. A drastic change in the realities of international and interregional interaction because of well-known events in recent years required adjustments to plans for the socio-economic development of the country and the introduction of innovative technologies to improve the controllability of the Russian Federation infrastructure. As for the transport industry and supply chains the tasks of implementing digital twins of the control object in automated control systems are relevant. The hierarchical organization of multimodal transport and logistics centers determines the need for content-conceptual modeling of the problems in development and implementation of distributed multi-agent systems of digital twins of logistics facilities which jointly ensure the coordinated operation of the supply chain. The work shows the applicability of digital twin logics for updating the logistics infrastructure in the Russian Federation. For this purpose we carried out a review of the modern conceptual device used to model logistics supply chains including digital twins, the state and prospects for the development of the logistics industry in the country. An algorithm for conceptual modeling of the digital twin of supply chains is defined on the base of AS-IS models arranged into hierarchy levels to define the problem and AS-TO-BE model to provide possible solutions. In the conclusion of the research work the proposed solutions were obtained according to the SWOT analysis methodology. It allows making it possible to give recommendations for the implementation of digital twins in transport and logistics centers.
Organization of movement for snow removal equipment on the projected railway line «Northern latitudinal railway»
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Maksimova E. S. , Efimov R. A. ,   Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Panyukova N. A. ,   Russian University of Transport (MIIT)
Published: January 2024

When developing strategic projects for the development of the railway network in the Far North and the Arctic, special attention should be paid to improving the technology of snow removal equipment in areas of high snowfall. The authors take into account local conditions, track development of stations and technical equipment of the site. The planned volumes of traffic on the projected line of the Northern Latitudinal Railway (NLR) are close to the values of the available capacity. Under these conditions, in regions characterized by high values of daily precipitation in winter, the task of choosing a rational scheme for organizing the movement of snow removal equipment when developing a train schedule becomes especially urgent. The article has reviewed the factors and working conditions in snow-covered areas. Various options for organizing the operation of snow removal equipment have been considered and the choice of a rational option is justified. This choice is based on the criterion of minimizing the time to restore train schedules and reducing train downtime during heavy snowfalls.
Promising areas of development of the urban passenger transport rolling stock structures
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Nevolin Dmitry G. , Tsarikov Aleksey A. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Bondarenko Viktor G. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Sorogin Igor G. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2024

The article discusses the main trends in the development of urban passenger transport pneumatic-wheeled type structures, aimed at reducing the cost of operation of rolling stock, increasing passenger convenience and carrying capacity of transport systems.
Prospects for the development of trolleybus systems in large cities of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Nevolin Dmitry G. , Tsarikov Aleksey A. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Bondarenko Viktor G. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Sorogin Igor G. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2024

The article deals with the problems of passenger transport development in cities with the population of 100 to 250 thousand inhabitants. Possible methods of organizing trolleybus routes using utonomous running are proposed to minimize the costs of establishing a contact network. Calculations of the required number of rolling stock with different intervals of movement have been carried out.
Improving the technology of the locomotive depot washing machine using a detergent containing a non-ionic surfactant
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Ilyasov Oleg R. , Sibiryakova Yulia M. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2024

The paper considers detergents for cleaning rolling stock parts, proposes a scheme for optimizing production processes in the technology of cleaning railway transport parts, lists the advantages of the proposed technologies, presents methods and results of research on cleaning contaminated metal surfaces with solutions containing non-ionic surfactant and caustic soda.
Justifi cation of the possibility of converting rolling stock engines to gas engine fuel
Authors:   Branch of the Ural State University of Railway Transport in Tyumen, Startsev Andrey V. , Storozhev Ivan I. ,   Branch of the Ural State University of Railway Transport in Tyumen, Tsikhalevsky Igor S. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Mishin Yaroslav A. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Sharapov Alexander T. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2024

Improving the environmental performance of diesel engines is becoming an urgent problem for the traction rolling stock of JSC “Russian Railways”. In order to solve this problem, the article analyzes the possibilities of converting diesel engines of locomotives to gas engine fuel. The requirements for the physical and chemical parameters of compressed natural gas are presented. The analysis of manufacturers of gas cylinder equipment operating in the Russian market is given. Real examples of conversion of diesel engines to gas engine fuel are given, which can be used in modernization of fuel systems of traction rolling stock of Russian railways.
Optimization of the empty container return scheme by using a container sharing system
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Kochneva Daria I. , Ponomarev Nikita Yu. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2024

The article proposes a new system for organizing empty container traffic - container sharing. The analysis of the current state of the container transportation market has been carried out and the problems associated with shortage of empty containers and high costs of their return have been identified. To solve the problem, the idea of optimizing the return of empty containers based on their joint use by participants in the transport and logistics process has been put forward. The review of domestic and foreign literature on organization of empty container traffic is carried out, the novelty of the concept of container sharing for Russian science and practice is emphasized. The author’s definition of the concept “container sharing” is formulated and a conceptual scheme of the process of transferring empty containers between consignees and shippers is developed. The requirements and basic technical conditions for implementation of the container engineering system in the railway transportation market have been put forward. The conducted research is aimed at reducing the operating costs of container transportation market participants and minimizing the shortage of empty containers.
The Creation of a Unifi ed Transport and Logistics Framework in Russia within the Project “One Belt, One Way”
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Samuilov Valery M. , Sereda Maksim A. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2024

The article considers new and perspective transport corridors between Russia and China within the project “One belt, one way” forming a unified transport and logistics framework of the country.
Prospects of the application of transition curves combined with curves in a vertical plane
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Chonka Artem V.
Published: January 2024

This article focuses on the benefits of using spatial geometry in a railway design. The mentioned spatial geometry is a combination of a transitional curve and a curve in a vertical plane. Some advantages and disadvantages of this approach in comparison to the one used on Russian railways today are emphasized. Moreover, research in related fields is being considered and a new conventional scheme of railway geometry has been introduced which uses the above-mentioned spatial geometry, biclothoid curve design and non-linear ramp of a cant in a transitional curve. The conclusion about inappropriateness of some current regulatory requirements for railways in the Russian Federation is made.
The Up-to-Date Condition and the Role of the Commuter Passenger Complex in the Development of Russian Federation Regions
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Kolokolnikov Vitaly S. , Muravjev Andrej A. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2024

At present commuter passenger transportations in most regions of Russia are unprofitable and do not correlate to the up-to-date demands for the service quality. Therefore, passengers prefer alternative means of transport. The article is dedicated to the research of the problems of the commuter passenger transportations in the regions of Russia. Statistics on the number of the transported passengers and the passenger flow in the railway transport in 2022 is given. The reasons which result the passengers to choose alternative means of transport are examined on the example of the Sverdlovsk Railways, the analyses of the structure of commuter trains fleet is conducted. Measures to improve the work of the commuter passenger complex are studied. The role of the suburban and urban rail transportation is described in the effective development of the commuter railway companies and intercity agglomerations on the example of Moscow designs “Moscow Central Ring” and “Moscow Central Diameters”
Analyses of the Contact System Devices Failure Caused by Icing
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Andrukov Aleksandr V.
Published: January 2024

Every year the number of failures of the contact system devices caused by icing remains high. It is an indication of the necessity to increase the efficiency of measures to prevent icing on the contact system wires and the electric rolling-stock power collectors. The article considers the factors that affect the parameters and functioning of the contact system negatively. The statistics of the contact system failures of JSC “RZD” is given, technical condition of the contact system devices of the period from 2019 to 2022 is researched. Due to the “KASANT” system an operative monitoring of the diagnostic failures and their consequences caused by icing is conducted. Pareto diagram of the probability of the failure occurrence in the kinds of devices of the contact system is constructed.
Principal Construction Changes of Four-Axle Gondola with Carrying Capacity 60-62 Tons with Wooden Cover, Produced from 1949 to 1963 (Modernization of Model 12-37 and Model 12-515 Creation)
Authors:   Ural car building design bureau (UCBDB), Zavadich Alexey V. , Smolyaninov Alexander V. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2024

The article continues the series of publications about the development and designing the construction of cars and their elements in Uralvagonzavod and covers the period from 1949 to 1963. It considers the changes in the construction on side walls and set of new running parts to gondola cars: tieless trolleys of models M-44 and MT-50 and later, trolleys TsNII-X-3. Construction changes of automatic coupling of a node device “central bearing - thrust bearing” are shown. An important part of the period is the use of low-alloy steel 09G2 for the production of a center girder: zet № 31 and beam № 19, and later, to all body bearing components, end doors and manhole covers. Due to the implementation of steel 09G2 it was possible to reduce the fine weight of components almost to one ton of a car. Due to the fine weight reduce of the tar of a gondola car connected to the buffer removal, weight capacity of gondola cars was increased from 60 to 62 tons.
Modelling of the Device of Dynamic Braking of Three-Phase Induction Motor with Direct Current Capacitors
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Shadrin Andrei O. , Startsev Ivan M. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2024

The research is aimed to modelling of a device of dynamic braking with direct current capacitors with the use of software MATLAB Simulink. The worked out device was patented in 2023. Its effectiveness is proved by experimental researches of dynamic braking of induction motor with direct current capacitors. The article describes the effectiveness of the device of dynamic braking with direct current capacitors in an imitation model developed with the use of MATLAB Simulink.
EXPLORING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING QUIZLET ON LEARNING DENTAL TERMINOLOGY
Authors:   Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Department of Applied English, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Liang Shu-Chuan
Published: January 2024

The main goal of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the Quizlet flashcard app for learning English dental terminology. 100 dental-technology students from a five-year junior college in southern Taiwan participated in this study. Participants had access to Quizlet for learning281 dental terms. By using a quasi-experimental research design, data were collected from vocabulary quizzes and a questionnaire. Vocabulary quiz results were compared to measure the effectiveness of Quizlet’s assistance. The questionnaire was distributed after the use of Quizlet to evaluate satisfactory features of the software. Preliminary research findings have shown a positive correlation between frequency of Quizlet use and the acquisition of dental vocabulary, at a significance level of p < .001~.005. In addition, the participants gave positive feedback on Quizlet’s functions with mean scores ranging from 4.71~5.0 (on a 6-point scale). Unexpectedly, the perceived benefits of using Quizlet did not result in satisfactory test scores because the students did not use it extensively. Future research can focus on the correlation between students' perceptions of educational apps and their eagerness to use them.
DESIGN OF INQUIRY LEARNING MODEL INTEGRATED ETHNO-STEM FOR PROFILE ANALYZING THE AROMA COMPOUND FROM HERBAL TEA EXTRACT
Authors:   Lecturer of the Chemistry Education Department, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia, . Sudarmin , . Kasmui ,   Lecturer of the Chemistry Education Department, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia, Pujiastuti Rr. Sri Endang ,   Lecturer of the Nursing Department, Poltekkes Semarang, Indonesia, Priatmoko Sigit ,   Lecturer of the Chemistry Education Department, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this research is to find a Design of an Inquiry Learning Model Integrated Ethno-Stem for Profile Analyzing the Aroma Compound from Herbal Tea Extract from tropical forest plants in Indonesia to accelerate student conservation literacy. This research is a basic research to find an Ethno-STEM integrated inquiry learning model and analysis of Aroma Compound profiles of herbal tea extracts from tropical forest plants in Indonesia. The research was conducted at the Department of Chemistry in the Natural Materials course. The research subjects are UNNES chemistry education students for the 2021/2022 academic year. The research instruments were tests, questionnaires, observation sheets, and aroma compound profile test data for herbal teas from Indonesian tropical forest plants. Trapping of aroma compound compounds from herbal teas from tropical forest plants uses Arduino sensors type MQ-9, MQ135, TGS 2602, and 2620. The stage of Development of the Ethno-STEM Integrated Inquiry Learning Model usees the Analysis, Design, Development, and Implementation. The results of the research found an Ethno-STEM integrated inquiry learning model with the Sudarmin stages. The results of the analysis of aroma compound profiles from tropical forest plants are hydrogen, propane, carbon monoxide (CO), alcohol, carbon dioxide (CO2), toluene, ammonia, acetone, heptane, and acid sulfide gas.
Optimization of Interpersonal Communication Training for Effective Communication in TBCC Cares in the Banyuwangi District
Authors: Wardani Rifka Pramudia , Dwi Nanda Rachman  , Wulan Syarani Asdam  , Eka Sari Jayanti Dian
Published: January 2024

Background: Tuberculosis (TBC) is the biggest infectious disease killer in the world. Prevention of TB transmission requires cross-sectoral cooperation by involving the community and establishing two-way communication so that comfortable communication and discussion with each other is formed so that the delivery of health messages in TB prevention and treatment is more effective. One of the community-based approaches to prevent TB can be use a communal approach is health cadres. Aims: This study aims to optimize effectiveness communication in TBC Cares with conducting formation Cadres and interpersonal communication training. Methods: The study methods used are qualitative and quantitative (mixed methods). Quantitative method was conducted by questionnaire distributed to measure the knowledge of cadres. Qualitative method was conducted by focus group discussions (FGD) aims to enhance the learning experience of TBC cadres and cadres to optimize the prevention and treatment regarding tuberculosis to patient, families the patient of TB, and the community. The data was analysed using Paired T Test for Cadre’s knowledge. Results: Based on the result score Cadre knowledge on pre-test (mean=74,40, SD=16,85) and post-test (mean=86,80, SD=12,81) and (p=0.000). Conclusion: These results show that there is an effect of increasing knowledge on pre and post the intervention. Cadres’ Interpersonal communication training can be used alternative way to optimize in prevention and education TBC cadres in Banyuwangi Regency.
Determinant of Early Marriage Adolescent to Risk Giving Birth Child in Case of Stunting
Authors: Widowati Syafira Wahyu , Ira Nurmala  , Devy Shrimarti Rukmini , Aulia Dikmah Kiswahono
Published: January 2024

Background: Early marriage by adolescents aged less than 16 years can affect the reproductive health readiness of mothers or prospective mothers in giving birth to children with low birth weight potential and risk of stunting. Method: The method used for systematic article review was obtained from 5 databases with 15 relevant articles screened using the PRISMA method. Results: The results of the data obtained are that economic status is very influential on the incidence of stunting, this is due to poor fulfillment of toddler nutrition, lack of education of parents of toddlers, and lack of information and access to good health services. Conclusion: Educational background, economic status, cultural background and environment are the strongest factors that can encourage early marriage for adolescents with the majority living in less developed areas.