bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiresidue pesticide analysis to determine the influence of postharvest packinghouse handling on papaya residue levels
Authors: Sasaki Fabiana Fumi Cerqueira , Ferracini Vera Lúcia , Queiroz Sonia Claudia do Nascimento de , Tavares Marley Mendonça , Pereira Márcio Eduardo Canto
Published: August 2024

Abstract The objective of this work was to adapt and validate a multiresidue method for pesticide analysis, to determine the influence of the current postharvest handling steps on the degradation of pesticide residues in papaya. 'THB' papaya of the Solo group were sampled at each postharvest handling step in the packinghouse. For the validation of the multiresidue analysis in papaya, the technique used for extraction was the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method, with modifications. Pesticide quantification was carried out using an ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer with electrospray ionization (UHPLC-MS/MS). Fruit were analyzed before and after the handling procedures and were evaluated after ripening. The used methodology was successfully validated to detect the azoxystrobin, carbendazim, carbofuran, difenoconazole, imazalil, imidacloprid, flutriafol, prochloraz, pyraclostrobin, tebuconazole, thiabendazole, and thiacloprid pesticides in papaya. Fruit washing reduces azoxystrobin and difenoconazole residue levels in 78 to 90% and in 47 to 90% on fruit surface, respectively. Although the postharvest handling steps are ineffective in reducing the levels of thiabendazole, if this fungicide is applied at the appropriate rate, the residue levels will remain below the limits permitted by law.
Ripening curves estimated for ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ grape in the northwest region of the state of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Souza Reginaldo Teodoro de , Conceição Marco Antônio Fonseca , Naves Rosemeire de Lellis
Published: August 2024

Abstract The objective of this work was to determine and evaluate the performance of regression models, to estimate the ripening curves of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ grape for the winter harvest in the northwestern region of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ plants were grafted onto the ‘IAC 766 Campinas’ rootstock. The ripening curves were fitted to linear, quadratic, power, logarithmic, and exponential regression models using 2017 data, while the performance of the models was evaluated using 2018 data. As a function of accumulated degree days, the quadratic model for soluble solid content allows to determine the ripening curve of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ grape in the studied region.
Terceirização dos serviços de educação especial pela Seduc/SP: parcerias com organizações da sociedade civil sem fins lucrativos
Authors: Souza Marcia Maurilio , Prieto Rosângela Gavioli
Published: August 2024

Resumo A Secretaria Estadual de Educação de São Paulo (Seduc/SP) move ações para a efetivação do direito à educação especial na perspectiva inclusiva em sua rede pública de ensino. No entanto, ainda mantém parcerias com Organizações da Sociedade Civil (OSC) sem fins lucrativos, atuantes em educação especial para oferta substitutiva aos estudantes com Deficiência Intelectual (DI) e Deficiência Múltipla (DMu) associada a DI e Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Neste contexto, questiona-se: como são formalizadas as parcerias e quais os recursos financeiros a Seduc/SP utiliza para financiar suas despesas? Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a política de financiamento da educação especial na Seduc/SP, com ênfase nas relações público-privadas que envolvem a oferta de educação especial substitutiva para estudantes elegíveis ao atendimento no período de 2017 a 2022. Utilizou-se metodologia quali-quantitativa com análise documental. Os dados foram coletados em documentos disponibilizados on-line nos portais da Seduc/SP, da Assembleia Legislativa e da Secretaria da Fazenda e Planejamento de São Paulo e sua sistematização subsidiou as análises. Os resultados indicam que no período há constância no número de OSC parceiras, diminuição do quantitativo de atendidas(os) da categoria DI/DMu, aumento da categoria TEA e crescimento dos recursos despendidos com financiamento das parcerias. Considera-se que a Seduc/SP não adere totalmente às políticas atuais de inclusão escolar, terceirizando o atendimento em OSC parceiras de parte do alunado público da educação especial.
DESIGUALDADES POR CONDICIÓN RACIAL EN EL COMPLEJO OSHA-IFÁ DE SAGUA LA GRANDE
Authors: Estrada Leynier Chacón , Brady Yamirka Robert , Casanova Manuel Martínez
Published: August 2024

En la actualidad, las nuevas condiciones socioeconómicas favorecen la reproducción de desigualdades raciales, incluido el campo religioso. La investigación se propuso como objetivo describir las desigualdades por condición racial dentro del Complejo Osha-Ifá en Sagua la Grande, Villa Clara, Cuba. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo con un enfoque metodológico mixto entre 2020 y 2023 en diferentes espacios de culto y socialización (casas templo, residencias de reconocidos practicantes) dentro del Complejo Osha-Ifá, en su zona urbana. Participaron 60 practicantes del Complejo Osha-Ifá (41 % masculino y 19 % femenino) que incluyen: oloshas, iyaloshas, babaloshas, omó añas, babalawos y apetebís mediante un muestreo no probabilístico de carácter intencional con criterios de inclusión. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron la entrevista semi-estructurada, el cuestionario y el análisis de documentos. Se evidenciaron diferencias en niveles adquisitivos y por la mercantilización del hecho religioso entre practicantes de la Regla de Osha y la Regla de Ifá residentes dentro y fuera del país, lo que interseccionado por el color de piel de una y otra práctica, genera inequidades en su mayoría para las personas de tez negra y en menor medida, mestizas.
Efficacy of Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes) Supplementation on Psychological Stress and Selective Fitness Profile Parameters in Female College Students in West Bengal, India
Authors: Mitra Sudeep , Mitra Mousumi , Nandi Dilip Kumar , Saha Mantu , Bandyopadhyay Amit
Published: August 2024

Psychological disparities impact physical activity and fitness in sedentary female college students by affecting cardiovascular efficiency. Ganoderma lucidum, vitality-enhancing herb alleviates health and rejuvenates the mind-body to improve endurance fitness. A double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled parallel design study was conducted to determine whether supplementation of G. lucidum in daily dosages of 500 mg (GL500mg group) and 1000 mg (GL1000mg group) improves psychophysiological health capabilities during the different phases of the experimental trial. Analysis for pre-experimental trial (day 0), experimental trial (day 15), and post-experimental trial (after day 30) on anthropometric, psychological, physiological, and physical fitness parameters were executed. Seventy-eight participants (n = 78, age 20.64 ± 3.21 years) were assigned randomly and equally divided (n = 26) to one of the three treatment groups for intragroup and intergroup comparisons. Significant differences in the post-experimental GL1000mg group for heart rate (HR), maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), physical work capacity (PWC170), and right-hand grip strength (P < 0.05) compared with the placebo group were observed. GL1000mg-supplemented group also significantly improved (P < 0.05) HR, VO2max and PWC170 (P < 0.001) after pre- to post-trials. Experimental trial between placebo and GL1000mg group and post-experimental trial between the GL500mg and GL1000mg group showed significant changes in VO2max(P < 0.001) and PWC170 (P < 0.05). Anxiety, depression, vitality and positive well-being scores significantly improved, leading to improved psychological well-being after GL1000mg supplementation. GL1000mg supplementation for 30 days might act as a longevity-promoting tonic for endurance and strength performance by ameliorating stress to improve the overall psychophysiological health, vitality and quality of life for better cardiovascular efficacy.
SALARY DEDUCTIONS: CAN EMPLOYERS RESORT TO “SELF- HELP”?
Authors: Siphile Hlwatika
Published: August 2024

In the context of an employment relationship, an employee may cause the employer to incur loss or damages. In such an event, an employer would be entitled, with the employee’s consent, to recover the loss or damage caused by the employee by deducting the corresponding amount from the employee’s remuneration. It is also common for employers to enter into loan agreements with employees, in terms of which employees are required to repay a loan in instalments by way of deductions from their remuneration. These situations do not, in practice, tend to be controversial.The controversy, however, tends to lie in respect of instances where an employer pays an employee additional money to which the employee is not contractually entitled. This may occur as a result of an administrative payroll error. In other instances, the employee may receive additional remuneration in respect of hours or days not worked. The latter instance may also be attributed to an administrative error resulting in erroneous overpayment, depending on the circumstances. The employer, upon realising such an administrative error, may want to recover the additional remuneration paid to the employee.However, an employer may be faced with an employee who contends that they are not to blame for the administrative error, or that they are entitled to the remuneration, and that, as a result, the employer may not proceed to deduct amounts from future remuneration without their consent. This impasse raises questions regarding the employer’s ability to resort to “self-help” by proceeding to effect deductions from the employee’s remuneration without the employee’s consent. It further raises questions regarding whether the employer may rely on the common-law doctrine of set-off in effecting deductions. This article considers whether the employer is empowered to effect deductions from the employee’s remuneration without the employee’s consent and, if so, whether the employer is required to follow a process in making the deductions.
URMC TriState SenNet Mouse Lung Digestion v2
Authors: Kaur Gagandeep , Rahman Irfan
Published: August 2024

The objective of this document is to share the material and kits used and steps involved in digesting the mouse lungs to perform scRNA analyses. This study was performed for the TriState SenNet TMC Bioanalyses Core at the University of Rochester, as part of the Cellular Senescence Network Program (SenNet). This protocol ensures minimum damage to the cells in suspension and ensures maximum viability to conduct downstream analyses.
Seroprevalencia de Brucella canis en perros callejeros del Centro de Bienestar Animal “La Perla”, Medellín (Colombia), 2008
Authors: Ruiz Buitrago Jhon Didier , Giraldo E. Carlos A. , López Laura V. , Chica Juan F.
Published: August 2024

ResumenBrucella canis es el principal agente causal de enfermedad reproductiva en caninos. Por su potencial zoonótico y su distribución mundial, esta infección tiene una gran importancia. En Colombia, la bacteria se ha aislado de mascotas caninas, de perros de criadero, y de humanos. Este estudio se realizó con el objetivo de determinar la frecuencia de esta infección en perros callejeros, alojados en el Centro de Bienestar Animal “La Perla” (Medellín, Colombia). En junio de 2008 se muestrearon 221 caninos y se realizó prueba de aglutinación rápida en placa. Se encontró una seroprevalencia del 6.78%, y no hubo diferencia por grupos de edad o sexo. Los resultados alertan sobre la población de perros callejeros como un factor de riesgo para la transmisión de la enfermedad.Palabras clave: Brucella canis, caninos, seroprevalencia, zoonosis. Brucella canis seroprevalence in stray dogs from “Centro de Bienestar Animal “La Perla”, Medellín (Colombia), 2008SummaryBrucella canis is the main causal agent of reproductive illness in dogs. The disease has a zoonotic potential and is distributed worldwide, hence his great importance. In Colombia, the bacterium has been isolated from pet dogs, kennel dogs, and also from human beings. The objective of this study was to take a look at the frequency of B. canis infection in street dogs sheltered in the Center for Animal Welfare “La Perla” (Medellín, Colombia). In June 2008, 221 dogs were sampled and their sera were tested by the rapid slide agglutination test. Seroprevalence was 6.78%,and no difference was found between different age or sex groups. The results alert about the street dogs population as a risk factor for the transmission of the Brucella canis.Key words: Brucella canis, dogs, seroprevalence, zoonosis. Seroprevalência da Brucelose canis em cachorros de rua do Centro de Bem-estar Animal “La Perla”, Medellín (Colômbia), 2008ResumoBrucella canis é o principal agente causador da doença reprodutiva em cães. Por seu potencial zoonótico e sua distribuição global, esta infecção é de grande importância. Na Colômbia, a bactéria foi isolada de cães, canil, e os seres humanos. Este estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de fazer uma abordagem à freqüência desta infecção em cães de rua, alojados no Centro de Bem-Estar Animal "Pearl" (Medellín, Colômbia). Em junho de 2008, foram amostrados 221 cães e foi feito o teste rápido de aglutinação. Foi encontrada uma soroprevalência de 6.78%, e não houve diferença de idade e do sexo. Os resultados alertam para a população de cães de rua como um fator de risco para transmissão da doença.Palavras chave: Brucella canis, canino, soroprevalência, zoonose.
Frecuencia de otitis parasitaria clínica por nematodos Rhabditiformes (Rhabditis spp) en seis fincas de la raza Gyr en Córdoba, Colombia
Authors: Cardona José A. , González T Marco , Álvarez P Jaime
Published: August 2024

Resumen Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de presentación de otitis parasitaria clínica por nematodos Rhabditiformes (Rhabditis spp.) en seis explotaciones de la raza Gyr en Córdoba, Colombia. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo prospectivo en animales de conveniencia, entre los meses de junio y octubre de 2010. Se recolectaron muestras de cerumen con hisopos de los conductos auditivos externos de 155 bovinos. Resultados: la frecuencia de presentación de otitis parasitaria clínica causada por Rhabditis spp. en seis fincas de la raza Gyr en Córdoba fue del 63.2%. Conclusión: las manifestaciones clínicas y características del cerumen, así como la observación microscópica del parásito, informan una elevada presencia de Rhabditis spp. causante de otitis parasitaria clínica en bovinos de la raza Gyr en 6 explotaciones del departamento de Córdoba, Colombia. Palabras clave: bovinos, otitis parasitaria, Rhabditis spp..   Summary Objective: to determine the frequency of presentation of clinical parasitic otitis due to rhabditiform nematode (Rhabditis sp.) in six Gyr breed cattle farms in Córdoba, Colombia. Methods: a descriptive prospective study in animals of convenience, between June and October 2010 was performed. Cerumen samples were collected using sterile swabs from the external ear canals of 155 animals. Results: the frequency of occurrence of Rhabditis sp. presenting clinical otitis in six Gyr breed farms in Córdoba was 63.2%. Conclusion: clinical manifestations and characteristics of the cerumen as well as microscopic observation of the parasites, reported a high number of Rhabditis sp. causing clinical parasitic otitis in 6 Gyr cattle farms in the province of Córdoba, Colombia. Key words: bovine, parasitic otitis, Rhabditis sp..   Resumo Objetivo: determinar a freqüência de apresentação de otite parasitária clínica por nematóides Rhabditiformes (Rhabditis sp.) em seis fazendas da raça Gir em Córdoba, Colômbia. Métodos: foi realizado um estudo descritivo, prospectivo em animais de conveniência, entre junho e outubro de 2010. As amostras de cerume foram obtidas com swab nos canais auditivos de 155 bovinos. Resultados: a freqüência de ocorrência de otite parasitária clínica causada por Rhabditis sp. em seis fazendas da raça Gir em Córdoba foi de 63.2%. Conclusão: as manifestações clínicas e as características do cerume, assim como a observação microscópica do parasita, relatam uma alta freqüência do Rhabditis sp. causando otite parasitária clínica em 6 fazendas de gado da raça Gir do departamento de Córdoba, Colômbia. Palavras chave: bovinos, otite parasitária, Rhabditis sp..
Melting ulcer in a colt: clinical management and evolution
Authors: Estrada Rubén D , Penagos Susana , Viera Elizabeth , Angulo Paula A , Arias María P
Published: August 2024

Summary Anamnesis: a colt showing a whitish coloration accompanied by abundant secretion on the left eye was examined. Clinical and laboratory findings: at ophthalmological examination, signs of melting ulcer were observed. Culture isolation revealed positive growing of Flavobacterium sp. and Gram-negative rods. Treatment approach: several keratectomies and tarsorrhaphies, as well as exhaustive antiproteinases, anti­inflammatory, and antibiotic treatments, were conducted. Treatment focused on reducing inflammatory response, eliminating infective organisms, and promoting epithelial healing. Colt showed complete recovery of vision after 3 months. Conclusions: clinical management of melting ulcer implies exhaustive, though unexpensive, treatment. Key words: cornea, keratectomy, keratomalacia, ophthalmology, tarsorrhaphy.  Resumen Anamnesis: se examinó un potro que presentó una coloración blanquecina acompañada de abundante secreción en el ojo izquierdo. Hallazgos clínicos y de laboratorio: al examen oftalmológico se observaron signos de ulcera fundente. El aislamiento por cultivo mostró crecimiento de Flavobacterium sp. y cocos Gram negativos. Abordaje terapéutico: se realizaron varias queratectomías y tarsorrafias, además de un tratamiento exhaustivo con antiproteinasas, antiinflamatorios y antibióticos enfocado a reducir la respuesta inflamatoria, eliminar los microorganismos infecciosos y promover la cicatrización epitelial. 3 meses después, el potro mostró recuperación completa de la visión. Conclusiones: el manejo clínico de la úlcera fundente es demandante, pero no es un tratamiento costoso. Palabras Clave: córnea, keratomalacia, oftalmología, queratectomía, tarsorrafia. Resumo Antecedentes: foi examinado um potro que apresentava uma coloracào esbranquicada acompanhada por abundante secrecào no olho esquerdo. Achados clínicos e de laboratòrio: ao exame oftalmológico foram encontrados sinais de úlcera colagenolítica. O isolamento por cultura apresentou crescimento de Flavobacterium sp. e cocos Gram negativos. Abordagem terapèutica: foram realizadas várias ceratectomias e tarsorrafias, além da instauracào de um tratamento exaustivo com antiproteinases, anti-inflamatórios e antibióticos voltado para a reducào da resposta inflamatória, a remocào de micro-organismos infecciosos e a estimulacào da cicatrizacào epitelial. 3 meses depois o potro apresentou completa recuperacào da visào. Conclusoes: o manejo clínico da úlcera colagenolítica é exigente, mas nào é um tratamento caro.Palavras chave: ceratectomia, ceratomalacia, córnea, oftalmologia, tarsorrafia.
Role of sanitary and phytosanitary measures within the context of Free Trade Agreements
Authors: Torres Alfonso
Published: August 2024

The international norms for the trade of animal products were implemented as part of the Marrakech Agreement that established the WorldTrade Organization (WTO) in 1995. This act culminated the negotiations maintained during the so called "Uruguay Round" (1986-1994) within the framework of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) that included international trade norms for general merchandize but not for agricultural commodities.
Breve análisis del ejercicio profesional en clínica y cirugía de pequeñas especies animales
Authors: Riaño Benavides Carlos
Published: August 2024

La especialidad en medicina y cirugía de pequeñas especies animales es el área de mayor crecimiento de la Medicina Veterinaria. Esta especialidad le ha permitido a un altísimo número de médicos veterinarios ejercer la profesión; además, viene ofreciendo oportunidades de empleo a muchas personas que sirven como colaboradores directos y ha estimulado la creación de pequeñas y medianas empresas de implementos para mascotas. Adicionalmente, ha dado albergue a muchos veterinarios de otras especialidades que buscan oportunidades para ejercer en pequeños animales durante épocas de crisis. La medicina y cirugía de pequeñas especies animales ha hecho su aporte a otros sectores de la economía colombiana, tales como la industria farmacéutica y de alimentos; y cuenta con el ente gremial más sólido y antiguo de nuestro país: La Asociación Colombiana de Médicos Veterinarios Especialistas en Pequeñas Especies Animales (VEPA). Para los próximos años se proyecta un crecimiento aún mayor de la atención médica a pequeños animales, mayor demanda del servicio y, desde luego, un mayor número de profesionales dedicados a esta especialidad. Este crecimiento requerirá de mayores competencias y especialización por parte de los médicos veterinarios y supondrá, además, grandes retos para las facultades de Medicina Veterinaria y las asociaciones gremiales encargadas de la formación superior y el control del ejercicio profesional.
Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in a Foal – A case report
Authors: Oliver Olimpo J , Castañeda Rubiela
Published: August 2024

Summary Anamnesis: a 4 month-old creole filly was presented to the Universidad Nacional's Large Animal Clinic with a history of respiratory signs. Clinical and laboratory findings: on clinical examination, the filly presented bilateral thick muco-purulent nasal discharge and increased both laringo-tracheal sounds and coughing reflex response. On lung auscultation it showed increased bronchial sounds and crackles. The diagnostic rule outs included abscess bronchopneumonia by R. equi, pulmonary dyctiocaulosis and pneumonia by Streptococcus equi subesp. zooepidemicus. Tracheal wash culture was positive for R. equi. Treatment approach: the filly was started on IV sodium penicillin and once R. equi was isolated, therapy was switched to oral combination of TMS plus rifampin during 27 days.  Conclusion: this could be the first report of R. equi bronchopneumonia in the scientific veterinary literature in Colombia. Key words: broncopneumonia, equine, R. equi. Resumen Anamnesis: equino hembra de 4 meses de edad remitido a la clínica de grandes animales de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia de la Universidad Nacional, con historia de problemas respiratorios. Hallazgos clínicos y de laboratorio: al examen clínico se observó secreción nasal bilateral mucopurulenta, aumento de soplo laringotraqueal y del reflejo tusígeno, estertores y aumento de los sonidos bronquiales. Los diagnósticos diferenciales planteados fueron: neumonía bacteriana por R. equi, Dyctiocaulosis y Neumonía por Streptococcus equi subesp. zooepidemicus. El  cultivo microbiológico del lavado traqueal fue positivo para R. equi. Aproximación terapéutica: el tratamiento inicial fue penicilina sódica intavenosa, una vez se aisló R. equi se cambió a una combinación de TMS más rifampicina vía oral durante 27 días.  Conclusión: este podría ser el primer reporte de bronconeumonía por R. equi  en la literatura científica  medico veterinaria en Colombia. Palabras clave: bronconeumonía, equinos, R. equi.   Resumo Anamnese: equino fêmea de 4 meses de idade, remitido à clínica de grandes animais da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade Nacional, com um histórico de problemas respiratórios. Achados clínicos e laboratoriais: o exame clínico mostrou descarga mucopurulenta nasal bilateral, aumento do ruído laringotraqueal e do reflexo da tosse, estertores e aumento dos sons bronquiais. Diagnósticos diferenciais considerados foram: pneumonia bacteriana por R. equi, por Dyctiocaulose e por Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. A cultura microbiológica de lavagem traqueal foi positiva para R. equi. Abordagem Terapêutica: o tratamento inicial foi de penicilina sódica intravenosa, uma vez isolado R. equi foi mudado para uma combinação de TMS e rifampicina por via oral durante 27 dias. Conclusão: este pode ser o primeiro relato de broncopneumonia R. equi na literatura médica veterinária da Colômbia. Palavras chave: broncopnneumonia, equinos, R. equi.
Evaluation of a biopsy technique of the epiphyseal plate radius of mules with angular deformity of surgical type: case study
Authors: Zambelli Loiacono Bruno , Martínez Aranzales José R , Silveira Alves Geraldo E
Published: August 2024

Summary Background: eight mules with angular limb deformity (ALD) type carpus varus and carpus valgus were studied. Objective: to evaluate a biopsy technique of the distal growth plate of the radius using a Jamshidi needle. Methods: thirteen limbs with ALD were biopsied immediately before undergoing corrective surgery. The site of biopsy depended on the severity of ALD and surgical technique. The samples were preserved and processed for histopathological study. Results: of all biopsies evaluated, only three were successfully obtained. Conclusions: the biopsy technique used was not efficient (23% success rate), however it allowed us to describe the physeal dysplasia in mules with ALD. Our findings agree with those previously described in horses. Keywords: equine, growth plate, periosteal transection and elevation, transphyseal staple, valgus, varus.   Resumen Antecedentes: ocho mulares con deformidad angular (ALD) de tipo varus y valgus del carpo fueron estudiados. Objetivo: evaluar una técnica de biopsia para la placa de crecimiento distal del radio con la aguja Jamshidi. Métodos: se utilizaron 13 miembros con ALD; inmediatamente antes de la cirugía correctiva. El lugar de la biopsia varió con la severidad de la ALD y con la técnica quirúrgica. Las muestras fueron conservadas y tratadas para estudio histopatológico. Resultados: se obtuvieron solamente 3 muestras exitosas. Conclusiones: la técnica de biopsia utilizada fue poca eficiente (23%), pero permitió describir la presencia de displasia fisária en mulares con ALD. Los hallazgos coinciden con los descritos para equinos. Palabras clave: equinos, grapa transfisaria, placa de crecimiento, transección y elevación perióstica,valgus, varus.   Resumo Antecedentes: oito muares com deformidade angular (ALD) de tipo varus e valgus do carpo foram estudados. Objetivo: avaliar uma técnica de biopsia para a placa de crescimento distal do rádio com a agulha de Jamshidi. Métodos: se utilizaram 13 membros com ALD, imediatamente antes da cirurgia corretiva. O lugar da biopsia dependeu da severidade de ALD e da técnica cirúrgica. As amostras foram conservadas e tratadas para estudo histopatológico. Resultados: três amostras foram obtidas com sucesso. Conclusões: a técnica de biópsia utilizada foi pouca eficiente (23%), mas permitiu descrever displasia fisária em ALD. Osachados concordam com os descritos em equinos. Palavras chave: equino, grampo trans-fisário, placa de crescimento, transecção e elevação de periósteo,valgus, varus.
Productive performance and carcass traits of Nellore x Aberdeen Angus and Nellore x Red Angus heifers under tropical conditions
Authors: Andrade Moreira Paulo Sergio , Lourenço Fabio José , Polizel Neto Angelo , Rigatto Martins Lilian , Mendes Jorge André , Rodrigues Machado Neto Otávio
Published: August 2024

Background: Angus breed strains (Black and Red) perform differently under tropical conditions. Objective: to evaluate differences among F1 Nellore x Aberdeen Angus and F1 Nellore x Red Angus regarding productive performance and carcass traits under tropical conditions. Methods: forty-one heifers were used to assess the effect of both genetic groups on productive performance and carcass traits. The performance parameters evaluated were final live body weight and average daily gain. The carcass traits were: 1) hot and cold carcass weight and cold carcass dressing percentage, 2) carcass conformation and fatting (both ranging from 1 to 5), 3) back fat thickness, 4) rib eye area, 5) cutability, and 6) total usable meat, and commercial cut yield. Animals were divided in two groups and fed Megathyrsus maximum grass in three pens for 28 days. After this period, animals were relocated in a feedlot system for 84 days, and weighed at the beginning and at the end. All data were subjected to analysis of variance with initial live weight as a covariate. Results: differences were found between groups for productive performance and carcass traits such as back fat, and rib eye area. However, no difference was observed for conformation, fatting, ease of cutability, total usable meat, and Brazilian commercial cuts. Conclusion: F1 Nellore x Aberdeen Angus heifers had increased growth performance and carcass traits under tropical conditions.
Presence of IgG antibodies against reproductive infections in breeding bulls of Magdalena Medio, Colombia
Authors: Camacho M Rodolfo , Carvajal Lenny Y , Castellanos Dominguez Yeny Z , Díaz Wilson F , Vásquez María C
Published: August 2024

Background: cattle farming is an important economic activity in several regions of Colombia. However, farmers are unaware of their cattle health status, and particularly of bacterial, parasitic, and viral diseases, which affect reproduction and profitability. Objective: to assess the presence of IgG antibodies against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), bovine viral diarrhea (BVD), bovine leukosis, leptospirosis, brucellosis, and Neospora caninum in breeding bulls in the Magdalena Medio of Colombia, according to age, breed, and origin. Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with 174 male breeding cattle from severalsubspecies. Animals were above 18 months of age and belonged to dual-purpose farms in the Magdalena Medio region. Presence of IgG anti-IBR, BVD, brucellosis, neosporosis, and leukosis antibodies were determinedwith an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A sample of 156 males was assessed for leptospirosis using a microscopic agglutination test (MAT) in a dark field. Results: IgG anti-IBR antibodies were found in92.5% of the animals, anti-BVD in 62.6%, anti-Neospora caninum in 79.3%, anti-Brucella abortus in 4.02%, anti-Leptospira pomona in 8.33%, and anti-L. hardjo in 15.38%, with >1:100 titres. Besides, 64.94% prevalence was observed for bovine leukosis. Conclusions: a high prevalence of IgG anti-IBR, IgG anti-BVD, IgG anti-Neospora caninum, IgG anti-leukosis, and IgG anti-lepstospirosis antibodies were observed in Magdalena Medio bulls. With respect to B. abortus, confirmatory and competitive ELISA test should be performed and sanitary standards need to be established. Detection of IgG antibodies among bulls reveals poor sanitary conditions, absent of protective-vaccination antibodies and an urgent need for health control measurements.
Treatment of poultry litter does not improve performance or carcass lesions in broilers
Authors: De Oliveira Maria C , Gonçalves Bruno N , Pádua Gracielle T , Da Silva Virgínia G , Da Silva Denis V , Freitas Arthur IM
Published: August 2024

Background: broilers spend most of their lives in contact with litter; litter quality can affect their health and performance. Objective: the effects of litter treatment on performance and carcass lesions were evaluated in five consecutive flocks with 640 male broilers each. Methods: a completely randomized model was used comprising eight treatments and four replicates. The treatments included (1) untreated litter, (2) litter subjected to in-house composting, (3) litter treated (LT) with aluminum sulfate, (4) LT with gypsum, (5) LT with quicklime, (6) LT with dolomitic limestone, (7) LT with zeolite, and (8) LT with charcoal. Chopped elephant-grass hay was used as poultry litter in all flocks. Results: none of the litter treatments were found to influence the performance and carcass lesions of the male broilers in all five flocks. Furthermore, poultry litter treatments were not economically viable. Conclusion: poultry litter treatments did not affect the performance and scores of carcass lesions of male broilers, but increased the cost of poultry production.
Backsliding Populist Governments in the Council: The Case of the Hungarian Fidesz
Authors: Coman Ramona
Published: August 2024

Populist governments aim to fundamentally challenge the EU, raising the question of when and how backsliding populist governments disrupt decision-making in the Council of the EU (hereafter Council). Due to their anti-elite and strong anti-EU stance, along with their opposition to core values of liberal democracy, I argue that these governments are more inclined to resort to unpolitics, understood as “unsettlement.” Analysing the behaviour of the Hungarian Fidesz government in the Council, the article demonstrates that populist governments resort to unpolitics but use an à la carte approach. Populist backsliding governments selectively oppose the Council’s formal and informal decision-making rules. Looking at the voting behaviour in the Council since 2009, the article shows that the Fidesz government preserves the norm of consensus. However, over time, it has become the government that has most often broken with this norm. Conversely, when it comes to “backsliding-inhibiting competences,” the Fidesz government challenges both formal and informal rules through a wide range of strategies, i.e., systematically contesting the legality of procedures and decisions, embracing a confrontational approach and diplomacy, self-victimisation, bending the truth, and accusatory rhetoric. To illustrate them, the article focuses on decisions related to the dismantlement of the rule of law in the country, such as Article 7 TEU, the application of Regulation 2020/2092, and the disbursement of Cohesion funds.
Anything but Representative Democracy: Explaining Conspiracy Believers’ Support for Direct Democracy and Technocracy
Authors: Küppers Anne
Published: August 2024

Conspiracy theories gained considerable attention during the Covid-19 pandemic. Although studies have extensively explored their (mostly) negative impacts on various political and social aspects, like participation, health-related behavior, and violence, their influence on support for democracy remains relatively unexplored. The few existing studies offer conflicting findings, prompting my focus to shift from assessing generic support for democracy to examining preferences for alternative decision-making models. To address some limitations of prior research on alternative models of decision-making, I combine a trade-off item with a ranking methodology: respondents were prompted to indicate their first and second preferences for different democratic and non-democratic models over representative democracy. The study is based on data from a representative survey in Germany (July/August 2022; N = 2,536). My findings confirm that the belief in conspiracy theories is positively associated with a preference for direct democratic decision-making. However, conspiracy believers also favor expert-based decision-making over elected politicians—but direct democracy would be their primary choice. Although the evidence for a preference for autocracy over representative democracy is associated with a higher degree of uncertainty, it does suggest that conspiracy believers tend to favor “anything but” representative democracy. These findings contribute to the broader discourse on the impact of conspiracy beliefs on democratic systems.
Feasibility of Coseismic Landslide Prediction Based on GNSS Observations: A Case Study of the 2022 Ms 6.8 Luding, China, Earthquake
Authors: Xia Lei , Chen Kejie , Fang Chenyong , Wang Xin , Wang Wenqiang , Wei Guoguang , Wang Ji , Chai Haishan , Zhu Hai , Zhang Zhenguo
Published: August 2024

On 5 September 2022, an M 6.8 earthquake struck Luding County in Sichuan Province, China, triggering extensive landslides and causing severe damages. In this study, taking this event as an exemplary case study, we test the feasibility of fast earthquake-induced landslide prediction utilizing Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observations. Particularly, we construct finite-slip models based on static offsets and 1 Hz displacement waveforms. Employing these slip models, physics-based simulation (PBS) is applied separately to obtain peak ground velocity (PGV). The PGVs are then integrated into landslide spatial distribution probability prediction based on the Deep Forest algorithm. Our results show that the predicted landslides probability distribution of fast inversion models using static and high-rate GNSS data align well with the landslide catalog. Furthermore, high-rate GNSS data can improve the model performance by providing the evolution information of rupture. In addition, we also derive PGV from the empirically regressed ground-motion prediction equations (GMPEs) and incorporate it into landslide prediction. The GMPEs exhibits an advantage in terms of prediction recall for landslides and a relatively reduced accuracy compared with the PBS. Despite the inherent uncertainties in this study, based on the case study of the 2022 M 6.8 Luding earthquake, we utilize GNSS data and present a set of methods for real-time landslide prediction. The achieved model performance is relatively satisfactory, considering the challenges and uncertainties involved.
Study on the Selection of Target Countries and Support for ODA Projects in the Asia-Pacific Region
Authors:   Korean Academy Of International Commerce, Inc., Han Seung-Hoon , Nam Jung-Woo , Kim Se-Won
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This study aimed t o e stablish strategies for strengthening t ransport networks in the Asia-Pacific region and select countries for support to improve port and logistics infrastructure.
Research design, data, and methodology: Cluster analysis was used to select the target countries for support. The analysis was based on 15 variables, including GDP, economic growth, population, import and export growth, tariff rates, import tax rates, and container volumes, derived from literature studies of 53 UN ESCAP member countries. Cluster analysis was performed using a primary cluster analysis utilizing the quantitative variables and a secondary cluster analysis with qualitative variables.
Results: The analysis identified 10 countries (Kiribati, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Nauru, Palau, Samoa, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, and Vanuatu) as candidates for support. For each of the 10 selected countries, 10 support projects were proposed, considering the current status of shipping and ports in the country and national infrastructure development plans.
Conclusions: The smooth progress of a project requires a consideration of the form and type of ODA support, support port facilities that can handle various cargo, and propose solutions to the problem of volume generation.
Incidence of surgical site infection in elective inguinal hernia surgery and factors affecting it
Authors: Shah Zahid H. Z. , Ali Syed A. , Qaisaruddin Syed
Published: August 2024

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a significant concern in surgical patients. The present study aims to estimate the incidence and evaluate the risk factors, microbiology, prevention strategies, and management of SSIs in patients undergoing elective inguinal hernia repair.
Methods: This prospective observational study included 1053 patients who underwent elective inguinal hernia repair at our institution. Patient demographics, surgical characteristics, and outcomes were collected and analysed. Independent risk factors for SSI were identified by univariate and multivariate analyses.
Results: Thirty-one patients developed SSIs within 30 days after surgery, resulting in an overall SSI rate of 2.94%. The most common microorganism isolated from SSI was Staphylococcus aureus. Identifiable risk factors associated with SSIs included age ≥65 years, body and mass index (BMI) >24.6 kg/m2, current smoking and diabetes mellitus.
Conclusions: The study highlights the importance of identifying high-risk patients and implementing preventive measures to reduce the incidence of SSIs in elective inguinal hernia surgery. The findings suggest that age ≥65 years, BMI >24.6 kg/m2, current smoking and diabetes mellitus are risk factors for SSIs. The study also emphasizes the importance of proper skin preparation and antibiotic prophylaxis in reducing the risk of SSIs.
A study on immunization practices of mothers with children under five years of age in government district hospital Kalaburagi
Authors: Rayee Ashwini G. , Dhanwadkar Sharanabasappa S. , Harshangi Sandeep
Published: August 2024

Background: Vaccines are the most powerful, safe and cost-effective interventions to prevent major illnesses that contribute to child mortality in the country. Negative parental perceptions of vaccination are also an important barrier to childhood vaccination.so this study was taken up to determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of mothers with children under five years of age, which will help the policy makers in implementing the immunization programme in a better way, to achieve >85% coverage.
Methods: A semi structured pre-validated questionnaire designed to assess the KAP about vaccination was administered to 360 mothers fulfilling the inclusion criteria. The KAP data between fully immunized and partially immunized/unimmunized children was compared.
Results: In our study, out of 360 children, 183 (50.8%) children were fully immunized, 155 (43.1%) children were partially immunized and 22 (6.1%) children were seen unimmunized. Mothers were the main decision makers regarding vaccination of their children. Majority, 183 (50.3%) mothers identified vaccine preventable disease as polio. On comparing the KAP data between mothers of fully immunized children and mothers of partially immunized/unimmunized children, mothers of fully immunized children found to have favourable knowledge, attitudes, perceptions and practices towards vaccination.
Conclusions: We found significant lacunae in the KAP of mothers towards childhood vaccination, especially among mothers of partially immunized and unimmunized children.so, health education is also an essential component that can go a long way in improving the prevailing scenario of immunization in our country.
The Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Supplementation on Lipid-Related Cardiovascular Biomarkers in Obese Adults
Authors: Shahmirzadi Fatemeh Esmaeili , Ghavamzadeh Saeid , Rashidi Arash
Published: August 2024

Background: Studies have shown incompatible findings regarding the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) risk factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of daily CLA supplementation on serum insulin and lipid- related CV biomarkers in obese adults. Methods: This randomized double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 54 adults categorized as class I obesity. The participants were randomly assigned into two groups (n=27) receiving a total of 3,000 mg/d of a 50:50 mixture of CLA isomers for three months in intervention group (IG) and 500 mg/d paraffin in placebo group (PG). Moreover, fasting serum levels of insulin, lipid profile, non-HDL-Cholesterol (non-HDL-C), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), total triglyceride (TG)/HDL-C, and cholesterol/HDL-C ratio were measured.  The main statistical analysis method was independent t-test for changes. Results: Changes between the groups showed a significant decrease in total cholesterol (P=0.03), LDL-C (P=0.04), and non-HDL-C (P=0.03), and also a significant increase in AIP (P=0.04) in IG compared to the PG. A remarkable decrease was found in HDL-C and cholesterol/HDL-C ratio. In addition, a remarkable increase was observed in TG in this context. Serum insulin, VLDL-C, and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio showed no significant changes during the intervention period. The use of CLA supplementation could help reduce some adverse fractions of serum lipid profile, particularly TC, non-HDL-C and LDL-C. Conclusions: Regarding the augmenting effects of CLA intake on AIP as a strong predictive marker for CVDs, it is difficult to confirm the beneficial effects of CLA supplementation in preventing CVDs.
Determinants of Undernutrition among Under-Five Children: A Community-Based Study from Eastern India
Authors: Patra Manas , Gayen Biplab Kumar , Yasmin Shamima , Sinha Nirmalya , Baur Baijayanti
Published: August 2024

Backgrounds: Children are prone to undernutrition which adversely affects their health status. Nutritional status of under-five children is a sensitive indicator of nutrition and child health. Hence, the present study is undertaken to assess the prevalence and determinants of undernutrition among under-five children in a rural area of West Bengal, India. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 1680 under-five children who were selected by 30 cluster sampling technique to assess the prevalence and determinants of undernutrition. Nutritional status was assessed by means of weight-for-age, height-for-age, weight-for-height and mid-upper arm circumference-for-age criteria based on World Health Organization’s child growth standards. Results: The prevalence of underweight, stunting, and wasting among under-five children was found to be 33.7%, 34.8%, and 21.6%, respectively. Moreover, 39.4% of the studied children had low mid-upper arm circumference-for-age.  After adjustment for possible confounders, maternal illiteracy, lower socio-economic status, presence of anemia and any childhood morbidity were found significant determinants of undernutrition. Conclusions: Widespread prevalence of undernutrition among under-five children with anemia and childhood morbidity as important determinants highlights a need for multi-disciplinary integrated approach towards improving the child health and nutrition. Long term measures like improvement of maternal education and poverty alleviation should also be considered in future plans.
Nursing care when bathing dependent elderly people at home: A scoping review
Authors: Guimarães Braga Pollyanna , Mendes Karina Dal Sasso , Fernandes Daiane de Souza , De Alcântara e Silva Mauriely Paiva , Ferreira Adriano Borges , Coêlho Wender Gonçalves , Partezani Rodrigues Rosalina Aparecida
Published: August 2024

Background & Aim: Dependent elderly people have difficulty carrying out activities of daily living and need help with essential life-sustaining activities such as bathing. Nursing care includes technique, organization, and care for the patient's physical and emotional well-being. This study aimed to map the scientific evidence on home bathing care for dependent elderly people.
Methods & Materials: A scoping review on home bathing care for dependent elderly people according to the methodology proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute Collaboration. Nine databases were searched, as well as sources of gray literature. Rayyan software was used to select the studies by two reviewers and a third for the final assessment.
Results: 24 studies were selected. The most important aspects of bathing were communication, considering the elderly person's preference for bathing, considering conflict resolution, safety, comfort, and privacy, planning the necessary materials and actions, paying attention to the temperature of the water and the environment, cleaning and tidying the bed, as well as hygiene care such as trichotomy, and nail clipping.
Conclusion: It was identified that care is related to specific skincare and planning to carry out the steps in body hygiene. The studies show the importance of guidance from nursing professionals in the process of bathing dependent elderly people at home from the perspective of a person-centered approach and their uniqueness.