bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Respons Hidrologi untuk Mendukung Perencanaan Pengelolaan Sub-DAS Opak Hulu, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Widiatmoko Nicko , Tarigan Suria Darma , Wahjunie Enni Dwi
Published: November 2020

Land use change is one of the causes of the decreasing of hydrological function that affects the hydrological response of a watershed. Planning of watershed management needs to be conducted to improve the hydrological function of the watershed. This study aims to determine the hydrological response in supporting watershed management planning in Opak Hulu Watershed. This research was conducted using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrological modeling. The method used included data collection, processing of input data, running of SWAT model, calibration, validation, and the decision of the best watershed management scenarios. The results of the analysis of land use changes in the Opak Hulu Watershed in 2012–2017 had a significant increase in mixed upland agriculture (3.21%) and shrubs (1.43%). Meanwhile, open field (2,31%) and dry land agriculture (1.71%) decreased significantly. Based on the analyzed hydrological scenario, Soil and Water Conservation techniques can decrease the surface runoff and increase the lateral flow and base flow. The scenario is able to decrease the surface runoff by 542.22 mm (27.09%). It increases lateral flow and base flow by 321.82 mm (13.15%) and 797.28 mm (18.32%), respectively. The best watershed management planning with Soil and Water Conservation technique is able to reach Annual Flow Coefficient value to 0,33 (moderate) and 69,85 (moderate) for Flow Regime Coefficient. Keywords: land use, soil and water conservation techniques, SWAT model, watershed
Evaluasi Produktivitas Padi Transgenik Rojolele yang Potensial Tahan Penggerek Batang Padi Kuning Scirpophaga incertulas Wlk
Authors: Nurhasanah Ade Nena , Zahra Fatimah , Estiati Amy , Usyati Usyati , Pantouw Carla Frieda , Maulana Budi Satrio , Hidayatv Muhammad Taufik , Nugroho Satya
Published: November 2020

Rice yellow stem borer (YSB, Scirpophaga incertulas Wlk) is one of the most damaging rice pests in Indonesia, especially in rice growing centers in West Java. Because there is no source of resistance genes in rice or its close relatives, resistant improvement by genetic engineering is one strategy to obtain resistant rice cultivar. Previously, the cryIB::cryIAa fusion gene from Bacillus thuringiensis has been introduced into the Rojolele variety to obtain 6 transgenic rice events resistant to YSB (X22, U10, W3, Y7, Q20, and P8) and has been tested for resistance in greenhouses. This study was aimed to evaluate the transgenic rice productivity carried out in a confined field trial in field station belonging to the Center for Rice Research in Sukamandi, Subang, West Java. The procedure for the field testing followed the 1998 Guidelines for Biosafety Testing of Agricultural Biotechnology Products: Plant Seri by the Ministry of Agriculture. The parameters observed were agronomic characters (plant height, number of tillers, and number of panicles) and yield components (number of filled grains per panicle, number of empty grains per panicle, panicle length, and weight of 1000 grains). The yield was also measured by dry grain yield. The results indicated that the performance were varied among the 6 events tested. Rice events X22, W3, Y7, and P8 showed agronomic characteristics and yield components resembled Rojolele varieties, and performed well under field condition. X22 and W3 showed closest resemblance to Rojolele in terms of yield potential.

Keywords: confined field trial, cryIB::cryIAa, production, rice yellow stem borrer, rojolele rice, transgenic
Ciri Anatomi, Morfologi Serat, dan Sifat Fisis Tiga Jenis Lesser-Used Wood Species Asal Kalimantan Utara, Indonesia
Authors: Augustina Sarah , Wahyudi Imam , Darmawan I Wayan , Malik Jamaludin
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze anatomical characteristics, fiber morphology, and several important physical properties of nyatoh (Palaquium lanceolatum), pisang putih (Sindora walichii), and sepetir (Mezzettia leptopoda) wood from North Kalimantan in order to support the proper utilization of each wood species. All parameters were analyzed using their standard procedures. Results showed that anatomical characteristics of nyatoh wood are the vessels predominantly are in radial multiples and contained tyloses, ray parenchyma is mostly uniseriate and even, while axial parenchyma is in narrow tangential line with irregularly spaced. For pisang putih wood, the vessels are exclusively solitary, ray parenchyma of two distinct sizes, while axial parenchyma are in continuous tangential bands with irregularly spaced. In case of sepetir wood, the vessel is in radial and diagonal patterns, rays tend to have two different sizes, axial parenchyma is vasicentric to aliform, and has the axial resin canals in continuous tangential bands. Average values of fiber length and fiber wall thickness are 1904 and 3.61 µm (nyatoh), 1708 and 4.51 µm (pisang putih), and 1337 and 3.39 µm (sepetir), respectively; while the mean values of specific gravity and T/R-ratio are 0.42 and 1.41 (nyatoh), 0.37 and 2.34 (pisang putih), and 0.32 and 1.40 (sepetir), respectively. Nyatoh wood is categorized as the Strength Class of III, while pisang putih and sepetir woods are categorized as the Strength Class of IV. Compared to pisang putih and sepetir woods, nyatoh wood is more potential for pulp, paper, and furniture manufacturing. Keywords: anatomical characteristics, fiber morphology, lesser-used wood species, physical properties
Pendugaan Luas Daun Tanaman Talas (Colocasia esculenta)
Authors: Andarini Yusi Nurmalita , Afza Higa , Sutoro Sutoro
Published: November 2020

Estimation of leaf area by using leaf length and leaf width variables could be done without destruction of the leaves from plants and more practical than using the leaf areameter. Surface area is a function of the variable length and width, so the leaf area can be measured based on leaf length and leaf width variables. The purpose of this research is to get the leaf area estimator model with nondestructive method. Taro plants were observed by using 12 accessions/varieties taken from the germplasm collection in Gene Bank Collection of ICABIOGRAD, IAARD. Observations of the length, width, and area of leaf were carried out on 10-12 leaf samples for each accession/variety from taro cultivation which was about 4 months old. The length (P), width (L), and area (Y) of each taro leaf were measured. The estimation of taro leaves area by regression equation was analyzed by using one (P or L) and two (P and L) independent variables. Estimation using two variables, leaf length and width, is better than only use one variable. Taro leaf area (Y) of each leaf can be determined by the equation Y = 0.9462 P x L for ratio of P/L less than 1.10, Y = 0.9109 P x L for ratio of P/L between 1.10-1.19, and Y = 0.8860 P x L for ratio of P/L equal or greater than 1.20. Keywords: model estimation, leaf area, taro
Pengawetan Bambu dengan Metode Boucherie
Authors: Putri Rumanintya Lisaria , Rochmawati Lya , Nandika Dodi , Darmawan I Wayan
Published: November 2020

Bamboo is known as fast-growing species that could be derived into various products. However, bamboo is suspectible to the wood destroying organisms.  Preservation is one way to improve the service life of bamboo. This study aimed to analyze the effect of differences in anatomical structures of betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper Backer) and andong bamboo (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinaceae (Steudel) Widjaja), and the effect of pressure on the flow time and retention of entiblu preservative in the Boucherie method. Bamboo stems with diameters of 10-14 cm were cut in 1; 1,5; 2; and 2,5 m lengths. The bamboo stems with moisture content of around 30% were preserved by 5% of entiblu preservative solution. The data observed were the flow time of the preservative entiblu solution from base of the stem until dripping on the top of the bamboo culm, and the retention of preservative. The anatomical structure of the bamboo trunk before preserving was also observed. The results showed that the average flow times in andong bamboo and betung bamboo were 37.75 minutes and 41.50 minutes, respectively. The average retention of entiblu solution on andong bamboo was 3.49 kg/m³ and on betung bamboo was 3.60 kg/m³. Keywords: andong bamboo, betung bamboo, anatomical structure, boucherie method, entiblu preservative
Sifat Kayu Lapis yang Dibuat dari Lima Jenis Kayu Asal Riau
Authors: Supriadi Achmad , Trisatya Deazy Rachmi , Sulastiningsih Ignasia Maria
Published: November 2020

The objective of this study was to determine the physical and mechanical properties of plywood made of punak (Tetramerista glabra Miq.), meranti bunga (Shorea teysmanniana Dyer ex Brandis), mempisang (Alphonsea spp.), suntai (Palaqium burckii H.J.L.), and pasak linggo (Aglaia argentea Blume). Liquid urea formaldehyde (UF) was used as an adhesive. Data analysis was carried out using a completely randomized design. Results showed that the moisture content and density of plywood produced in this study were around 10.4-10.95% and 0.65 to 0.93 g/cm3, respectively. The modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) of plywood produced were between 63.371-123.548 kg/cm2 and 517-1.052 kg/cm2, respectively. It was also found that the tensile strength and bonding strength of the plywood produced were 461.6-1.095 kg/cm2 and 18.97-31.79 kg/cm2, respectively. It was recorded that moisture content and the bonding strength of the plywood produced met the Indonesian National Standard of Plywood. Among others, plywood produced from pasak linggo showed a superior quality. Referring to statistical analysis, it was confirmed that physical and mechanical properties of plywood were significantly affected by wood species, except moisture content. Keywords: mechanical properties, physical properties, plywood, Riau wood species
Dieta ketogeniczna - mechanizm działania i perspektywy zastosowania w terapii: dane z badań klinicznych
Authors: Pondel Natalia , Liśkiewicz Daniela , Liśkiewicz Arkadiusz
Published: November 2020

Dieta ketogeniczna jest dietą bardzo niskowęglowodanową i wysokotłuszczową indukującą wzmożoną produkcję ciał ketonowych, które stanowią alternatywne do glukozy źródło energii. Dieta ketogeniczna od prawie wieku wykorzystywana jest w terapii padaczki. W ostatnich latach obserwuje się wzrost zainteresowania naukowców dietą ketogeniczną w leczeniu także innych chorób, co związane jest z plejotropowym efektem jaki dieta ta wywiera na organizm w tym na procesy zapalne, stres oksydacyjny, gospodarkę energetyczną oraz komórkowe szlaki przekaźnictwa sygnału. Prowadzone są badania nad wykorzystaniem diety ketogenicznej w terapii m.in. otyłości, cukrzycy typu 2, oraz wspomagająco w leczeniu wybranych typów nowotworów i chorób neurologicznych. W artykule dokonano przeglądu badań klinicznych dotyczących możliwości stosowania diety ketogenicznej w leczeniu wybranych chorób oraz  przedstawiono potencjalne mechanizmy warunkujące właściwości terapeutyczne tej diety. Opisano także procesy metaboliczne charakterystyczne dla stanu ketozy żywieniowej oraz przedyskutowano istotne praktyczne aspekty stosowania diety ketogenicznej.
In-vitro Antibacterial Effects of Aqueous, Ethanolic, Methanolic, Acetone and Hydro Ethanolic Extracts of Achillea Millefolium on Standard Klebsiella, S. pyogenes, and Oral Bacterias Strains
Authors: Fallah Negar , Namazi Sanaz , Balmeh Negar , Mahmoudi Samira , Mirzaei Poor Fereshteh
Published: November 2020

Introduction: So far, a lot of attempts have been carried out to find antimicrobial compounds. In this study, it was also tried to investigate the antibacterial effects of Achillea millefolium on standard Klebsiella, S. pyogenes, and oral bacterias strain.
Material and Methods: The aerial parts of Achillea millefolium were used and the aqueous, ethanolic, methanolic, acetone and hydroethanolic extracts were prepared. After the preparation of standard strains of Klebsiella, S. pyogenes, and oral bacterias and sterilization of extracts by the Millipore filter, the antibacterial effects of these extracts on the mentioned microorganisms were assessed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and well diffusion at the concentration 50 mg/ml. The test was repeated three times for each bacterium.
Results: It was exposed that aqueous extract of Achillea millefolium had the most distinguished antimicrobial effects against all studied strains and methanolic extract had antimicrobial effects only on S. pyogenes. MIC and MBC of effective extracts were the basic concentration (50mg/ml), and non-growth zone was not observed in other serial dilution in case of all bacteria.
Conclusion: The Achillea millefolium can be admitted as an antibacterial medicinal herb. Thus, it can be concluded that after evaluating their effects in vitro, Achillea millefolium can be utilized as an alternative to the routine chemical drugs.
A Review on Maggot Therapy by Lucilia Sericata Larvae on Infectious Wounds
Authors: Ehteshaminia Yahya , Mohammadi Hamid , Mahdavi Seif Ali , Rahimi Mohammadtaghi
Published: November 2020

Introduction: The use of fly larvae has been utilized to heal wounds for centuries. With the advent of antibiotics and new surgical procedures, the application of this method has diminished. With the increase in the prevalence of chronic wounds and emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, it is important to provide a solution that can overcome these problems and treat infectious wounds. This review illustrates the effect of L. sericata on the infectious wound healing and the side effects as well as how to employ the method with these larvae.
Material and Methods: In this study a narrative review was carried out. The corpus was collected by searching the keywords of Lucilia sericata, Phanicia sericata, maggot therapy in the databases of PubMed, Scopus, SID, Google Scholar search engine. The studied articles were those which has been published on the interaction between the maggot therapy and Lucilia sericata until 2019.
Results: L. sericata larvae only deal with dead, necrotic tissue and do not harm healthy tissue and prevent the bacterial growth by secreting ammonia and also reduce the number of bacteria on the wound by eating them. Furthermore, by moving the larvae and producing cytokines, it increases the blood circulation in the affected area and the diapedesis of phagocytes increases and wound healing facilitates.
Conclusion: Due to wound healing and disinfection of L. sericata larvae, with considering the conditions of wound, we could use maggot therapy instead of the other treatment methods because of high efficiency and safety and low complications and costs.
Factors Influencing Adolescents’ Sexually Risky Behaviors in Botswana
Authors: Malinga Tumani , Modie-Moroka Tirelo
Published: November 2020

Adolescents’ sexual behaviours are a public health challenge as it exposes them to health risks. Psychosocial pathways may lead to accumulation of risks that may disrupt normal developmental trajectories and sexual and reproductive health among adolescents. Some factors linked to sexual and reproductive health risks occur because of cultural and traditional practices. This paper explores factors influencing adolescents’ sexual behaviours using the Modified Social-Ecological Model. The Modified Social-Ecological model examines the dynamic, integrative, multilevel, and multidimensional influences in the person-environment transactions. Interventions should focus on all the level as these impacts on the life course to address adolescents’ sexual behaviours. Policies at the macro level can have positive outcomes on other levels by ensuring the availability and accessibility of relevant services to help strengthen families.
Enseñar Ingeniería, ¿para qué? Una lectura desde el pensamiento de Amartya Sen y Martha Nussbaum
Authors: Bosio Maria Alejandra , Brizuela Agustina , Brizuela Horacio Jose , Chiodi Gustavo Alberto
Published: November 2020

Este ensayo se propone reflexionar acerca de los desafíos que presenta a la enseñanza de la Ingeniería el actual contexto internacional especialmente el latinoamericano, donde se observan grandes desigualdades socioeconómicas, brechas tecnológicas respecto a países más sofisticados, falta de inclusión y sensibilidad hacia los problemas más extremos. Asimismo, el contexto global es desafiante, desde la exacerbada competencia material entre países poderosos, problemas ambientales y amenazas climáticas. Los Estados democráticos afrontan primordialmente los flagelos de las diferencias de desarrollo y el problema de la desigualdad. Surge la pregunta acerca de si la tecnología ha promovido, hasta ahora, el desarrollo inclusivo o no. ¿Ha expandido las brechas tecno-económicas ‘inter’ e infra-nacionales? Si así fuera, ¿puede la Ingeniería, por ejemplo, constituirse en una profesión que minimice las desigualdades e impulse un mayor acceso a oportunidades equitativas?, ¿puede llegar de modo cada vez más ubicuo y capilar a una base más amplia de beneficiarios, para el acceso ecuánime al conocimiento? Se considera que la Ingeniería tiene un nuevo rol en el mundo actual. Para abordar este paradigma, el presente trabajo recupera el concepto de desarrollo del Premio Nobel de Economía Amartya Sen. Se analiza su teoría del desarrollo basado en las capacidades, la libertad y la consecuente cooperación, con impacto en nuevos abordajes de la Educación, en particular de la educación en Ingeniería. Se descubre un nuevo ‘¿para qué?’ de esta profesión, encontrando en el pensamiento de Sen una nueva y muy noble vocación para la misma. Por último, se propone un análisis de un programa educativo en Ingeniería de la Universidad Católica de Córdoba desde el enfoque de las capacidades, con el objetivo de identificar en la práctica modos de poner en marcha este nuevo rol de la Ingeniería partiendo desde la educación para la libertad.
Measuring Sustainability
Authors: Stenn Tamara
Published: November 2020

El Enfoque de Capacidades (Capabilities Approach) es un marco teórico con dos reclamos normativos centrales: primero, que la libertad para lograr el bienestar es de importancia moral primaria, y segundo, que la libertad para lograr el bienestar se entiende en términos de las oportunidades de las personas para lograr lo que tienen razones para valorar. Medir las libertades y las oportunidades es difícil. El bienestar se evalúa utilizando indicadores tales como ingresos, educación y esperanza de vida, capturando así una comprensión social del bienestar. El bienestar individual es más cualitativo, medido por encuestas y explicado a través de estudios etnográficos. Tanto el bienestar objetivo como el individual se refieren a las condiciones materiales, la calidad de vida y la sostenibilidad tal como se abordan a través del Enfoque de Capacidades. La metodología de investigación etnoeconómica de métodos mixtos (EERM) proporciona el contexto y el contenido en el que el bienestar puede entenderse tanto objetivamente (cuantificado) como individualmente (calificado). EERM brinda a las personas estudiadas la libertad y la oportunidad de definir, medir y comparar su propio bienestar a lo largo del tiempo. Los indicadores son simultáneamente objetivos y sociales, pero también subjetivos e individuales. Al empoderar a los participantes para que participen y midan su propio desarrollo, el Enfoque de Capacidades puede ser mejor entendido, aplicado y criticado. Este artículo científico muestra a través de tres estudios de caso y cinco años de investigación y desarrollo, cómo EERM es una herramienta viable para definir y comprender el bienestar.
Agradecimiento al Profesor Emérito Javier María Iguiñiz Echeverría
Authors: Tonon Gracela
Published: November 2020

Quisiera dedicar este número al Dr. Javier María Iguiñiz Echeverría, pionero de los estudios de desarrollo humano en América Latina.
Liver injury in COVID-19: two clinical cases
Authors: Nikitin I. G. , Ilchenko L. Yu. , Fedorov I. G. , Totolyan G. G.
Published: November 2020

COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019, a  disease caused by a  new coronavirus 2019) continues to threaten world public healthcare. Epidemiological data indicate that patients with metabolic disorders and chronic illnesses are most susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). Potential factors for organ involvement include systemic hyperimmune-mediated inflammation due to the “cytokine storm”, cytopathic effects, hypoxia, drug toxicities, etc. In addition, SARS-CoV-2, by interaction with ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) receptors in the vasculature endothelium results in endothelial dysfunction, increased permeability, microcirculatory abnormalities, vascular thrombophilia and thrombus formation. The diagnosis of COVID-19 is confirmed by detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in biological samples and serum antibodies. The infection is associated with leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, increased С-reactive protein, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, and D-dimer. Abnormalities in functional liver tests seen in COVID-19 are associated with progression and severity of the infection. The mechanism of direct cytotoxicity due to active SARS-CoV-2 replication in hepatocytes are not fully understood and is likely to be related to potential proliferation of hepatocytes, liver injury in response to systemic inflammation, and development of drug hepatic toxicity. We present a  clinical case of drug-induced hepatitis in a  patient with COVID-19 treated with tocilizumab, an inhibitor of interleukin 6 receptors. Prolonged increase in blood enzymes after treatment cessation is likely related to a  longer half-elimination time of tocilizumab, which affects the oxidation-reduction system of liver cytochromes. Patients with chronic liver disorders are more vulnerable to clinical sequelae of СOVID-19, while the infection is frequently associated with hypoxia and hypoxemia due to severe pneumonia or the “cytokine storm”. In addition, patients who have been diagnosed with liver cirrhosis are at high risk of morbidity and mortality due to their higher proneness to infections, first of all, due to systemic immune deficiency that was demonstrated in the second clinical case. Decompensated liver cirrhosis is related not only to a higher risk of more severe COVID-19, but also to progression of chronic liver disease as such. To achieve effective results of causal and nosotropic therapy for COVID-19, it is highly significant to provide thorough clinical monitoring, tailored approach to the treatment of each patient with consideration of their comorbidities, immune status, and drug interactions.
Evaluation of microRNA profile in cervical epithelium for predicting cervical cancer recurrence
Authors: Maksimov A. Yu. , Timoshkova M. Yu. , Verenikina E. V. , Lukbanova E. A. , Kecheryukova M. M.
Published: November 2020

Background: To predict the development and recurrence of cervical cancer (CC), we selected three oncoassociated miRNAs: miRNA-20a, -21, whose overexpression leads to the development of tumors, and -23b, which acts as an oncosuppressor. Aim: To evaluate the microRNA profile in the cervical epithelium for predicting CC recurrence in patients who underwent early treatment.

Materials and methods: In the study of the informativeness of expression included 145 patients with T1a1-T2a1N0M0 CC who were followed up for 2 years after treatment. Expression of microR-NA-20a, -21 and -23b was analyzed in tumor tissue samples.

Results: The risk of recurrence decreased from 1.0 to 0.92 after 1 year of the follow-up, and to 0.84 after 2 years. The initial expression of microRNA-20a and -21 in the cervical epithelium in patients with recurrent CC was 44% and 47% higher, respectively, than in patients without recurrence, while microRNA-23b expression was 46% lower. When initial levels of microRNA-20a and -21 expressions were 1.08 and 1.18, respectively, the risk of CC recurrence during the first two years after the surgery increased by 10.15 and 7.62 times, respectively. MicroRNA-20a expression in cervical epithelium equal to 1.08 was associated with 23% risk, and equal to 1.4 - with 79.7% risk. MicroRNA-21 expression equal to 1.18 was associated with 15% risk of CC recurrence; equal to 1.4 - with 55.5% risk; equal to 1.7 - 94.6%. Logistic regression showed that recurrence risks increased sharply when microRNA-23b expression declined.

Conclusion: We registered higher levels of mi-croRNA-20a and -21 expressions and lower mi-croRNA-23b expression in patients with recurrent CC, compared to favorable course of the disease. An analysis of the expression profiles of micro-RNA-20a, -21 and -23b after CC diagnosis allow prognosis of recurrence risks within 2 years after the tumor removal surgery.
Growth and yield response of Broccoli to vermicompost and farmyard manure
Authors: Rabbee H. E. , Methela N. J. , Hossain B. , Suhel M. R. I.
Published: November 2020

The present experiment was carried out at Agricultural Research field, Noakahali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh during the period from September 2018 to February 2019 to find out the effects of Vermicompost and Farmyard manure growth and yield of Broccoli. The single factor experiment was carried out by Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Three treatments viz., T0= Control, T1= Vermicompost and T2= Farm Yard Manure as well as Centeuro variety were used. Data were recorded from different stages of plant growth on plant height at different days after transplanting, number of leaves/plant, leaf length, leaf diameter, plant spread, 50% curd initiation days, 50% curd maturation days, curd diameter, Marketable curd weight, Net curd weight and Yield/plot. All the recorded parameters were statistically significant among the treatments. The tallest plant (43.67cm) can be recorded from T1 (vermicompost) whereas lower plant height (38.10cm) was notified from control (T0). The maximum number of leaves (16.03) recorded from vermicompost treated plant where minimum from control (T0; 13.28). Highest leaf length (40.67cm), leaf diameter (16.22cm), plant spread (47.91cmü), early curd initiation (73.22 days), early curd maturation (89.72 days), curd diameter (16.16cm), marketable curd weight (452.67g), net curd weight (361.43g) and yield/plot (3.94kg) was found from vermicompost treated plant is compared with Farmyard manure whereas lowest data recorded from control. Observing the results it can be stated that using of vermicompost treated plants gave better growth and yield contributing characters of Broccoli in contemporary with other treatments.
Effect of different time of bagging for ensuring quality mangoes Cv. Mishribhog
Authors: Islam M. T. , Zoha M. S. , Uddin M. S. , Bari M. A. , Rahman M. H. , Akter M. M. , Akter N.
Published: November 2020

Fruit bagging is a newly developed technology, widely used by the farmers, easy practice, and environment friendly and useful for high quality mango production in Bangladesh Four treatments were included in this experiment namely non-bag (control); white polythene bag; single layered white paper bag and double layered brown paper bag. The fruits were bag at 35, 45 and 55 days after fruit set. The experiment was carried out in the Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Fruit bagging has direct effect on fruit length, diameter, fresh weight and pulp weight (9.49cm, 8.31cm, 295.8g and 267.4g, respectively) while minimum was recorded in non-bagged control fruits (7.75cm, 6.91cm, 211.1g and 182.0g, respectively) at 35 and 45 days. In addition, the total sugar, reducing sugars, total soluble solid, ascorbic acid, pH and β-carotene were improved over control fruits. Brown paper bags are competent to change the fruit color. Brown paper bag extended shelf life up to 9 days with premier sensory quality as against 5 days of non-bagged control fruits.Considering the results, double layered brown and single layered white paper bagged fruits performed the best in respect of quality parameters and extending shelf life in mango cv. Mishribhog.
Importance of intercropping for biodiversity conservation
Authors: Mala M. , Mollah M. M. I. , Baishnab M.
Published: November 2020

Traditional there are two strategies to handle pest problems in crop production, either dependence on non-chemical agricultural practices (such as cultural, mechanical, biological practices etc.) or reliance on existing natural pest control mechanisms. Intercropping is a cultural non-chemical agricultural practice where two or more crops are grown on the same field in a year with different cropping patterns. In this multiple cropping system, biodiversity and pest suppression are increased. Biodiversity can restore the natural elements of agro ecosystem because almost all favorable elements of natural enemies are available in diversified agro ecosystem. Energy intensive modern technology in agriculture is one of the vital causes for loss of biodiversity. In intercropping system biological pest control method can be ensured with higher level of crop diversity instead of energy intensive agriculture. Intercropping provides different benefits on pest management with two available hypotheses or mechanism. One of the hypotheses is the ‘resource concentration hypothesis’ and another is the ‘natural enemies hypothesis’. Intercropping, directly and indirectly, influences to increase biodiversity which results in reduction of pest densities in crop fields. As a result, less expense for use of pesticide is required and finally higher yield also add some financial benefits. Intercropping system utilizes inherent ability of plant to protect pests. Therefore further knowledge about genotypic crop diversity, diversity of natural enemies, chemically-mediated mechanisms of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) will be effective for further improvement of intercropping system for greater benefits.
Design, development and evaluation of contextualised learning materials in consumer electronics
Authors: Arante Ramil Bontilao , Sacay Mary Rose , Bocboc Vivialyn , Baisa Dainty Bianca
Published: November 2020

This study aimed to design and develop a learning material in consumer electronics servicing (LM-CES) for grade 7 technology and livelihood education (TLE) for La Union National High School, Cabadbaran City, Philippines, and to address the problem of scarcity of instructional materials. Using the developmental research design, the LM-CES followed the analysis, design, develop, implement and evaluate model. The participants of the study are limited to the teacher education students of Caraga State University Cabadbaran Campus who provided essential comments and ratings of the learning material (LM) by using a given rubric and faculty members who are experts in the field due to the threat of the global pandemic. It has also undergone teaching demonstration evaluation for its content, organisation/clarity, completeness, grammar/mechanics, documentation, delivery and interaction. The overall rating from the peer evaluators was 2.99 with a descriptive rating of satisfactory or proficient. It implies that the researchers still need to enhance the lesson towards its completeness in order to attain its objectives. To further enhance LM-CES, a test run of the LM on its target end users in the actual classroom setting as well as an evaluation by some TLE teachers, who are also experts in teaching the subject, are hereby recommended.

 

Keywords: Contextualised, design, development, evaluation, instructional materials, learning materials.
Methodological issues of education monitoring and evaluation
Authors: Safaryan Naira
Published: November 2020

This research explores the opportunities of monitoring education.  The research presents the monitoring as the general methodological basis of education management structure. The research also reveals the aspects of educational approach description or concept of the educational approach. The strategic analysis of an educational or training program is done. The function of monitoring as a necessary theoretical and methodological background to evaluation work is shown here. The research indicates the essence of evaluation as a main strategy of the training program. It showed the evaluation work as applied and strategic ways to examine the added -value and acknowledge the impact of educational or training methods. It shows the evaluation as a strategic analysis to inform practice and assess impact. The research also reveals the monitoring as a deeper level of analysis explores the added value of programs to inform future work and establishes a written record of practice. A separate supervising function of monitoring which practices addition and necessary theoretical and methodological background to evaluation work is shown here.
Jumlah Fungi Pada Cairan Rumen Sapi Bali
Authors: Marlissa Faccettarial Cylon Marchel , Suarjana I Gusti Ketut , Besung I Nengah Kerta
Published: November 2020

Rumen merupakan kompartemen lambung ruminansia terbesar yang berfungsi sebagai tempat penyimpanan makanan sementara dan di dalamnya terjadi proses fermentasi oleh berbagai mikroba. Fungi membantu degradasi serat pakan yang terjadi dalam rumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah fungi pada cairan rumen sapi bali. Sampel yang diambil pada penelitian ini menggunakan cairan rumen sapi bali yang disembelih di Rumah Pemotongan Hewan (RPH) Pesanggaran, Denpasar yaitu sebanyak 20 sampel. Sampel yang diperoleh selanjutnya diencerkan dengan mengambil 1 mL cairan rumen dan dihomogenkan bersama 9 mL aquades steril sehingga diperoleh pengenceran 10-1, selanjutnya dengan cara yang sama dilakukan pengenceran sampai mencapai tingkat pengenceran 10-4. Kemudian sampel dengan konsentrasi 10-3 dan 10-4 diambil sebanyak 0,1 mL lalu diinokulasikan pada media Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) menggunakan metode sebar secara duplo. Sampel diinkubasikan di dalam wadah kotak yang tertutup rapat pada suhu kamar 26-300C selama 5 hari. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan jumlah koloni fungi yang tumbuh pada media SDA pada hari kedua , ketiga, keempat dan kelima berturut-turut 37,3.104 CFU/mL, 96,8.104 CFU/mL, 140.104 CFU/mL dan 167.104 CFU/mL. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa rata-rata jumlah fungi pada cairan rumen sapi bali yang diambil pada pada hari ke 5 sebanyak 167.104±186,425 CFU/mL.
Refined calculation of low-frequency filters on direct current locomotives with induction traction drive
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Kuznetsov Alexey Ivanovich
Published: November 2020

The paper proposes a refined calculation of parameters of low-frequency filters used in direct current locomotives with induction drive. It also provides requirements to setting of filter’s coefficients and equations for constructing frequency characteristics. As a result, the author gives recommendations on improving transient processes in power circuits by optimization of parameters of low-frequency filters.
Modeling of movement of resource flows in organizational networks (on example of RZD holding)
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Say Vasiliy Mikhaylovich , Tikhonov Pavel Mikhaylovich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: November 2020

The paper proposes a method of simulation modeling of agents-contractors’ actions at movement of resource flows in organizational networks on the example of RZD holding. The method considers the influence of various customers depending on civil-legal relations based on property of contract law. The authors present variant calculations executed in MatLAB and results of simulation modeling as a verification of the proposed model.
Lever ties: possibilities of creating dynamic conditions in mechanical oscillation systems
Authors:   Irkutsk State Transport University (ISTU), Eliseev Sergey Viktorovich , Kargapoltsev Sergey Konstantinovich ,   Irkutsk State Transport University (ISTU), Bolshakov Roman Sergeevich ,   Irkutsk State Transport University (ISTU), Eliseev Andrey Vladimirovich ,   Irkutsk State Transport University (ISTU)
Published: November 2020

The paper considers the possibilities to assess, create and change dynamic conditions of mechanical oscillation systems with additional ties in tasks of dynamics that are typical to technological and transport objects. The aim of the paper is in development of methodological basics of system analysis, detailed elaboration of notions about shapes, peculiarities and possibilities of functions interaction of elements in oscillation systems in the presence of dynamic ties in the shape of lever mechanisms. The paper uses methods of structural mathematical modeling based on analytical apparatus of automatic control theory. The authors developed a method of creating mathematical models obtained with the use of the Laplace transformations of the original equations formed on the basis of the Lagrange formalism. They propose a technology of creating structural mathematical models with the exception of intermediate coordinates. They also consider the introduction of new type transfer functions surrounding the distribution of the oscillation amplitudes of the mass-inertial element in the form of a rigid body performing plane motion and variants of appearance of specific dynamic modes in a connected motion under the influence of external disturbances. The study shows the possibilities of interpreting the modes of dynamic absorption of oscillations through a connection with definition of a node (or centre) of oscillations. As a result, the authors propose a number of analytical ratios to evaluate peculiarities of the dynamic conditions of vibrational interactions and present the results of numeric modeling.
The use of logistic principles in creation of optimization models of supply chains
Authors:   Kuzbass State Technical University named after T. F. Gorbachev (KuzSTU), Semenov Yuriy Nikolaevich , Semenova Olga Sergeevna ,   Kuzbass State Technical University named after T. F. Gorbachev (KuzSTU), Timoshhenko Yuliya Nikolaevna ,   Kuzbass State Technical University named after T. F. Gorbachev (KuzSTU)
Published: November 2020

The paper is devoted to the analysis of the supply chains optimization process. It also describes the main links of supply chains and their interconnections. For the creation of analytical models the authors selected such criteria of optimality as minimal delivery time and minimal commodity cost. On the basis of comprehensive analysis of created optimization models the authors give recommendations on improvement of operation of a logistic system with the consideration for transport component.
Relational potential of Public-Private Partnership objects of railway transport
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Sirina Nina Fridrikhovna , Pershin Vitaliy Pavlovich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: November 2020

The paper reveals the etymology of the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) and features of legal regulation in Russia. The authors have carried out an analysis of the main modern models of legislative management in this sphere of legal relations in foreign countries. Moreover, they consider the main projects of construction and reconstruction of the JSC RZD railway infrastructure implemented or planned for implementation on the principles of PPP. The SWOT analysis identified not only the risks of using existing forms of PPP in Russia but also the high potential of using such projects on the railway network contributing to the rapid renewal and development of public infrastructure to meet the needs of customers and the population with budget savings. However, at the present stage, methodological aspects of the legislative calculation and assessment of project efficiency, complexity of regulatory and legal interaction of parties and a process of investment return hinder the rapid implementation of PPP system on the railway transport in the Russian Federation. The authors propose a modification of direction for strategic planning of operation of investment objects through relational interaction of parties to the agreement by creating a state system of instances of PPP. For this purpose, they introduce a concept of «relation potential of Public-Private Partnership instances» that characterizes a complex availability of reserves from parties to ensure the long-term functioning of the chosen strategy. The paper provides a method of integral performance assessment of PPP project that allows analysing the efficiency of using allocated resources and assessing the potential of investment object exploitation.
Refinement of working processes of diesel engines converted to gas fuel based on numerical modeling
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin (UrFU), Plotnikov Leonid Valeryevich , Kozubskiy Andrey Mikhaylovich ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin (UrFU), Maximenko Alexander Grigoryevich ,   LLC Elite Gaz, Osipov Leonid Evgenyevich ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin (UrFU)
Published: November 2020

Shunting is an important component of railway transport, a significant part of which is performed by diesel locomotives. Piston engines are the most common locomotive power machines. The paper provides brief information on the trends in modernization of energy machines for diesel locomotives. It also considers the issues of improving the working processes of engines converted to gas fuel on the basis of numerical modeling. The main goal of the simulation is to improve the performance of gas reciprocating engines. The authors propose the option for refinement of the working process for three gas reciprocating engines that decreased the specific fuel consumption to 11.5 % and NOx emissions by 2-10 times while maintaining power within ±10 % compared to basic diesel engines.
Corporate car sharing as a type of car use in enterprise operation
Authors:   Tyumen Industrial University (TIU), Chumlyakov Kirill Stanislavovich , Fedotova Olga Anatolyevna ,   Tyumen Industrial University (TIU)
Published: November 2020

The paper is dedicated to the study of corporate car sharing in the enterprise, the development of theoretical statements and the elaboration of organizational and methodological apparatus for the implementation of car sharing in the enterprise operation. The authors present a general method of corporate car sharing application that consequently represents the development of stages. In aggregate, they form the implementation of the proposed service instead of the existing transportation service. Car sharing as a type of car use in enterprise operation is the object of the study. The method presented has been tested. The efficiency of the car sharing application at transportation service of personnel is estimated. The results obtained are illustrative of positive strategic situation at the enterprise
Selection of shape for turnout curve of high-speed switches
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (RUT-MIIT), Loktev Alexey Alexeevich , Korolev Vadim Vadimovich ,   Russian University of Transport (RUT-MIIT), Shishkina Irina Viktorovna ,   Russian University of Transport (RUT-MIIT), Kuskov Vladislav Sergeevich ,   Russian University of Transport (RUT-MIIT)
Published: November 2020

The main factor at determination of radius of turnout curve under the conditions of comfortable driving is the limitation of centrifugal acceleration increment amount per unit time. For this reason, at designing high-speed switches it is advisable to use variable-radius curves as a turnout curve. The paper considers variable-radius curves - cubic parabola, parabola of the fourth order and sine curve. On the basis of the comparative assessment it is established that the sine curve is the most acceptable variant for using as a turnout curve in high-speed switches.
Experimental studies of main electrotechnical parameters of insulation of electric locomotives traction motors at drying by different methods
Authors:   Irkutsk State Transport University (ISTU), Dulskiy Evgeniy Yuryevich , Ivanov Pavel Yuryevich ,   Irkutsk State Transport University (ISTU), Khudonogov Anatoliy Mikhaylovich ,   Irkutsk State Transport University (ISTU), Novikov Nikolay Nikolaevich ,   Irkutsk State Transport University (ISTU), Divinets Marina Alexeevna ,   Irkutsk State Transport University (ISTU)
Published: November 2020

According to statistics more than 30 % of faults of freight electric locomotives are because of traction motors. One of the weak points in traction motor is the insulation. Insulation damages cause up to 75 % of all faults. The paper presents a comparison of two methods of traction motors insulation drying - a convective method and a method that uses thermal infra-red radiation, describes the principle of conducting the experiments, shows the analysis of main electrotechnical parameters of insulation samples after drying.
Dual rotation hodographs in mechanisms
Authors:   Kurgan State University, Popov I. P.
Published: November 2020

In this paper it is found that just as the result of composition of two uniform rectilinear motions is uniform rectilinear motion, the result of composition of two uniform one-way rotational motions is also uniform rotational motion. Basically generalization of Galileo relativity principle is presented on non-accelerated rotational motion. In this connection seven theorems having five corollaries have been proven. A hodograph in case of composition of two uniform oppositely directed rotational motions proves to be an ellipse. In particular case the ellipse can degenerate into a straight line segment. Characteristics of elliptical hodograph are determined, including large and small semi-axes, roots of characteristic equation, eccentricity, foci, the angle of the axes. The reverse problem is solved - determination of rotation speed by type of hodograph, including elliptical and circular. In composition of two asynchronous (multiple) rotations hodographs can be by type of a limacon, resembling Pascal’s limacon. The condition of occurrence of a limacon hodograph loop is found out. The practical aspect of the theme is determined by the fact that in milling cutter drives in machines for cleaning of large diameter pipes and many mechanisms (multi inert oscillator, planetary gear) summation of rotational motions is realized, and a hodograph shape is useful information while development of similar devices.
INVESTIGATION OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF PETROL ICE UNDER OZONIZATION OF FAM COMPONENTS
Authors:   South Ural state university, Gritsenko A. V. , Glemba K. V. ,   South Ural state university
Published: November 2020

Theoretical investigation with reasoning of petrol fuel combustion in the ambient and ozone medium was made. Methods of carrying out the experiment using the engine loading method due to application of power of mechanical losses of deactivated cylinders were worked out. Experimental studies envisage determination of influence of ozone additive into fuel air mix on the basic effective ICE performance, for this purpose cyclic fuel consumption parameter was used. After the analysis of ICE performance methods and control techniques, its condition was evaluated, for this purpose a compressor meter was used with preliminary pressurization of cylinders. During the experiment in order to load the engine its third and fourth cylinders were switched off. The results showed that the utmost fuel efficiency is found at crankshaft rotation values of 1450 and 3350 min-1, when cyclic fuel consumption rate has values of 1,35 and 1,27 mg/cycle respectively, which makes 7,4 and 7,0 % from identical indicators without ozonation of air mass at the same rotations. In general, the effect of fuel air mix ozonation makes it possible to develop target petrol-operated engine rotations at smaller fuel consumption rate, this way increasing its energy efficiency.