bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES IN WORLD TRADE IN FOOD PRODUCTS
Authors: Yakovlev P. P.
Published: April 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a marked increase in world prices for agricultural commodities, which has increased the value of international food trade. In other words, the coronavirus crisis, which has caused a decline in global trade, has hardly affected the interests of food producing and exporting countries. Many agricultural enterprises have become beneficiaries of the boom in international food markets.  This was most clearly manifested in the markets for grains and oilseeds, as well as meat and meat products, where the positions of Latin American business structures are particularly strong. As the current trends demonstrate, the situation on the world food market favors the further growth of companies producing agricultural products in Latin America, primarily Brazil, which has firmly taken its place among the leading food exporting countries.  These phenomena are of considerable interest to the Russian Federation, which, on the one hand, is a traditional importer of food products from Latin America, and on the other hand, itself is becoming an increasingly large producer and exporter of agricultural products, which leads to a reduction in purchases of certain types of food on the world market, including from Latin American countries.
INTERNATIONAL TRADE: PARADOXES AND SIGNALS OF A SUSTAINABLE RECOVERY
Authors: Evgenii N.
Published: April 2022

Structural changes taking place at the present stage of development of international trade lead to a qualitative renewal of its architecture, affecting many aspects of the international division of labor. The purpose of the study is to assess the possibilities and parameters of the restoration of international trade, to identify problems associated with the multilateral regulation of international exchange, which has become more complicated due to the crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic. The collapse of international trade was found to have put a brake on many value chains at the global level, especially in services. However, one should not idealize the trend of international exchange turning towards deglobalization, since there are natural limitations associated with traditional competitive advantages and sustainable economic development strategies of the largest exporting and importing countries. Overall, we note a slow recovery in international trade compared to the recovery in the global economy as a whole, which continues to be driven by the pressure of ongoing quarantine restrictions. Additional stress for the further development of international exchange are trade and geopolitical conflicts between individual countries. At the same time, the crisis that has arisen allows us to consider from a new perspective the possibilities of participating in interregional trade agreements from the point of view of restoring trade relations between countries.
Using the Knowledge Acquired During Studies in Shaping Attitudes Towards Sustainable Development
Authors: Jagodzińska Małgorzata , Strumińska-Doktór Anna
Published: April 2022

Thanks to active education for sustainable development at universities, it is possible to prepare teachers ready to educate future generations of Polish learners on the one hand, and conscious economists, as well as political and social decision-makers able to introduce the principles of sustainable development in all spheres of human life, on the other. The aim of the research was to find out about the opinions of Polish students on how the knowledge acquired by them during their studies may shape their attitudes towards sustainable development. The research instruments used were a diagnostic survey method, with the help of the questionnaire technique. The research sample comprised 78 students representing the field of pedagogy studies, including 61.5% in the area of teacher studies (preschool and early school education) and 38.5% in the area of non-teaching studies (i.e., students without pedagogical qualifications, that is, educators who do not follow the core curriculum of general education[1]; such graduates perform educational and caring functions). A large percentage of respondents confirms the presence of the content related to sustainable development in their study programs, although its implementation is reported to occur to a small extent (marginally) only. The respondents who take into account the issues of sustainable development are involved to a greater extent in teacher education within the field of preschool and early school education. As part of the training activities for future teachers of kindergartens and primary school, grades 1-3, the teaching content has been integrated (with a module of socio-natural education being separated) that contains detailed learning outcomes evidently subordinated to the content of sustainable development. Although a clear difference in the use of knowledge in this area between students of teaching and non-teaching fields of study can be observed, it is still necessary to include the sustainable development related knowledge in the curricula of various study subjects, which will certainly affect the development of social capital, and thus education of people socially and environmentally responsible for their actions.

 

[1] Observed in the Polish context of higher education.
Role of Caffeine in the Age-related Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review
Authors: Pohanka Miroslav
Published: April 2022

Caffeine, a simple purine alkaloid with the proper chemical name 1,3,7-trimethylpurine- 2,6-dione, is an abundant compound present in coffee, food and drugs. It interacts with various pathways of which antagonism of adenosine receptors is the most significant but the other physiological pathways can be influenced by caffeine as well. Interaction with glutamate and dopamine neurotransmission pathways, competition with other substrates on cytochrome P450, non-competitive inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, blocking of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and competitive inhibition of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase can be mentioned. Because of caffeine availability in foods, beverages and drugs, it has practical relevance even if the effect is weak. Intake of coffee containing edibles for a long period or even for a substantial part of life makes caffeine´s impact significant. Low acute and chronic toxicity of caffeine is another important specification. The discoveries from the last few years point to the fact that caffeine would interfere with the progression of some age-related neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases and dementia with Lewy bodies. In this review article, the recent findings about caffeine´s impact on neurodegenerative diseases are presented and important facts about the caffeine effect, including the substantial discoveries, are described.
Probing the Synergistic Effect of Antibacterial Drug and Oleic Acid in
Lipid-based Gastroretentive Matrices by Melt Molding Method
Authors: Bhutta Zeeshan Ahmad , Arshad Amna , Khan Ikram Ullah , Ali Moazam , Arshad Fatima , Riaz Adeela , Ashar Ambreen
Published: April 2022

Introduction:

Clarithromycin (antibiotic), due to its narrow absorption window in the gastrointestinal
tract, was taken as a model drug.

Materials & Methods:

Focusing on the efficient drug delivery system, floating tablets that remain
buoyant over gastric fluid for 24 hrs were produced by adopting the melt mold method using beeswax,
gelucire, and oleic acid. To modulate the release pattern, a different concentration of 48/16 of beeswax
and gelucire was used.

Results:

To evaluate and characterize the final product, several tests, including the percentage recovery,
in-vitro release studies, clarithromycin loading, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning
calorimeter, X-ray powder diffractometry, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, weight variation,
hardness, and friability, were carried out. Regarding the results, the encapsulation efficiency of the
floating tablets was 39.5% to 59%, having weight variation with and without gelucire as 48/16
0.09525±0.0032g, and 0.09527±0.00286g to 0.0957±0.00321g, respectively. Clarithromycin release
was controlled by using hydrophobic beeswax and hydrophilic gelucire 48/16. X-ray powder diffractometry,
differential scanning calorimeter, and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the
absence of drug-polymer interaction, and exhibited amorphous and crystalline form of the drug after
encapsulation. Drug release kinetics was determined by applying different models, such as zero-order,
first-order model, Higuchi, and Korsemeyer-Pappas model. All formulations followed the Korsmeyer-
Peppas model at 1.2 pH.

Conclusion:

Gastroretentive drug delivery systems were produced by using melt molding technique. In
vitro dissolution represents the sustained release of the drug from the formulation.
Emerging Trends and Potential Prospects in Vaginal Drug Delivery
Authors: Mahant Shikha , Sharma Abhishek Kumar , Gandhi Himanshu , Wadhwa Ridhima , Dua Kamal , Kapoor Deepak N.
Published: April 2022

The vagina is an essential part of the female reproductive system and offers many potential
benefits over conventional drug delivery, including a large surface area for drug absorption, relatively
low enzymatic activity, avoiding first-pass effects, and ease of administration. The vaginal
mucosal cavity is an effective route for administering therapeutic agents that are intended both for
local and systemic administration. The present review provides a comprehensive overview of recent
trends and developments in vaginal drug delivery. Marketed formulations and products under clinical
study are also reviewed. Various novel vaginal delivery systems have been studied in recent
years as effective tools for delivering a range of therapeutic agents to the vagina. These systems offer
numerous benefits, including sustained delivery, improved bioavailability, effective permeation,
and higher efficacy. The recent focus of the scientific community is on the development of safe and
efficient drug delivery systems, such as nanoparticles, microparticles, vesicular systems, vaginal
rings, microneedles, etc., for vaginal application. Various factors, such as the physicochemical properties
of the drugs, the volume and composition of the vaginal fluid, the pH of the vaginal fluid, the
thickness of the vaginal epithelium, and the influence of sexual intercourse may influence the release
of drugs from the delivery system and subsequent absorption from the vaginal route. To date,
only a limited number of in vivo studies on novel vaginal DDS have been reported. Additionally,
drug release kinetics under varying vaginal environments is also not well understood. More research
is needed to ensure the suitability, biocompatibility, and therapeutic effectiveness of novel DDS for
vaginal delivery. Although numerous strategies and interventions have been developed, clinical
translation of these systems remains a challenge. The toxicity of the carrier system is also an important
consideration for future clinical applications.
Fighting Carcinogenesis with Plant Metabolites by Weakening Proliferative
Signaling and Disabling Replicative Immortality Networks of Rapidly
Dividing and Invading Cancerous Cells
Authors: El-Zahaby Sally A. , Wani Atif Khurshid , Akhtar Nahid , Sharma Arun
Published: April 2022

Background:

Cancer, an uncontrolled multistage disease causing swift division of cells, is a
leading disease with the highest mortality rate. Cellular heterogeneity, evading growth suppressors,
resisting cell death, and replicative immortality drive the tumor progression by resisting the therapeutic
action of existing anticancer drugs through a series of intrinsic and extrinsic cellular interactions. The
innate cellular mechanisms also regulate the replication process as a fence against proliferative signaling,
enabling replicative immortality through telomere dysfunction.

Area Covered:

The conventional genotoxic drugs have several off-target and collateral side effects
associated with them. Thus, the need for the therapies targeting cyclin-dependent kinases or P13K signaling
pathway to expose cancer cells to immune destruction, deactivation of invasion and metastasis,
and maintaining cellular energetics is imperative. Compounds with anticancer attributes isolated from
plants and rich in alkaloids, terpenes, and polyphenols have proven to be less toxic and highly targetspecific,
making them biologically significant. This has opened a gateway for the exploration of more
novel plant molecules by signifying their role as anticancer agents in synergy and alone, making them
more effective than the existing cytotoxic regimens.

Expert Opinion:

In this context, the current review presented recent data on cancer cases around the
globe, along with discussing the fundamentals of proliferative signaling and replicative immortality of
cancer cells. Recent findings were also highlighted, including antiproliferative and antireplicative action
of plant-derived compounds, besides explaining the need for improving drug delivery systems.
Co-Treatment with the Herbal Medicine SIP3 and Donepezil Improves
Memory and Depression in the Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Liu Quan Feng , Choi Hoon , Son Taekwon , Kim Young-Mi , Kanmani Suganya , Chin Young-Won , Kim Seung-Nam , Kim Kwang Ki , Kim Kyu-Won , Koo Byung-Soo
Published: April 2022

Background:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a lethal, progressive neurodegenerative disorder
that has been linked to a deficiency of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Currently, many acetylcholinesterase
inhibitors, such as donepezil, are widely used for the treatment of AD. On the other hand, the
efficacy of long-term donepezil use is limited. SIP3, a mixture of three herbal extracts from Santalum
album, Illicium verum, and Polygala tenuifolia, is a new formula derived from traditional Korean herbal
medicine.

Objective:

We assessed the synergistic effect of SIP3 and donepezil co-treatment on symptoms of AD
using APP/PS1 transgenic mice.

Methods:

In this study, a Drosophila AD model and SH-SY5Y clles were used to assess the toxicity of
SIP3, and APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) transgenic mice were used to evaluate the cognitive-behavioral
and depression-like behavior effect of SIP3 and donepezil co-treatment on symptoms of AD. The cerebral
cortex or hippocampus transcriptomes were analyzed by RNA sequencing and miRNA to investigate
the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the positive effects of SIP3 on AD.

Results:

In the passive avoidance test (PAT) and Morris water maze (MWM) test, the combination of
SIP3 and donepezil improved the learning capabilities and memory of APP/PS1 mice in the mid-stage
of AD compared to the group treated with donepezil only. In addition, co-administration of SIP3 and
donepezil effectively reduced the depression-like behavior in the forced swimming and tail suspension
tests. Furthermore, RNA sequencing of the cerebral cortex transcriptome and miRNA of the hippocampus
showed that the gene expression profiles after a low dose SIP3 co-treatment were more similar to
those of the normal phenotype mice than those obtained after the donepezil treatment alone. The Gene
Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, showed that
differentially expressed genes were involved in the locomotor behavior and neuroactive ligand-receptor
interactions. These results suggest that a co-treatment of low dose SIP3 and donepezil improves impaired
learning, memory, and depression in the mid-stage of AD in mice.

Conclusion:

Co-treatment of low dose SIP3 and donepezil improves impaired learning, memory, and
depression in the mid-stage of AD in mice.
Catalyst-free, One-pot Synthesis of 2-Aryl Benzimidazoles from Orthophenylenediamine
and Aryl Aldehyde in Acetonitrile
Authors: Khatik Gopal L.
Published: April 2022

Aim:

The study aims to optimize and synthesize benzimidazole derivatives.

Background:

Benzimidazoles are essential intermediates and scaffolds for biological activity and drug
substances. The reported syntheses of benzimidazoles suffer from disadvantages like longer reaction
time using a catalyst, which makes the method costly, and the use of strong corrosive acids and toxic
reagents that increase environmental hazards.

Objectives:

One-pot synthesis of 2-aryl benzimidazole from ortho-phenylenediamine and aryl aldehyde.

Method:

Herein disclosed a catalyst-free, one-pot synthesis of 2-aryl benzimidazole.

Results:

Different 2-aryl benzimidazoles were synthesized in good yields via the condensation reaction
of aryl aldehyde and ortho-phenylenediamine in acetonitrile as a solvent at room temperature. The
method is very simple and convenient, with good yields. The formation of the desired product is affected
by the substituent of aryl aldehydes. Electron donating substituents are shown to have a higher
time in the completion of a reaction than electron-withdrawing substituents.

Conclusions:

One-pot synthesis of benzimidazole was found to be simpler and economical.
New Frontiers in the Discovery and Development of PROTACs
Authors: Barghout Samir H.
Published: April 2022

Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are an emerging class of targeted protein degraders that coopt the intracellular degradation machinery to selectively deplete their respective targets. PROTACs act as bifunctional degraders that comprise ubiquitin E3 ligase- and target-binding moieties connected by chemical linkers with appropriate physicochemical properties. Through this bivalent structure, PROTACs induce the degradation of their targets via proximity-based pharmacology. Compared to conventional inhibitors, PROTACs exhibit superior pharmacologic properties with respect to efficacy, potency, selectivity, durability of response, and efficacy against undruggable proteins. Over the last few years, the scientific community has witnessed significant endeavors to advance this field and expand the armamentarium of PROTACs. In this perspective, we highlight these advances with an emphasis on emerging PROTAC variants, PROTACtability and degradability of protein targets, expression-guided PROTACs, multivalent PROTACs, preclinical resistance, candidates evaluated in clinical trials, and prospects for the use of PROTACs as a therapeutic modality.
The Effects of Amino Acids, Phenols and Protein Hydrolysates as
Biostimulants on Sustainable Crop Production and Alleviated
Stress
Authors: Shahrajabian Mohamad Hesam , Cheng Qi , Sun Wenli
Published: April 2022

Biostimulants which contain substances or products, including natural compounds,
special formulations and microorganisms have gained considerable attention as
sustainable methods for heavy metal detoxification, stimulating natural toxins, controlling
diseases and pests, and increasing both water and nutrient efficiency. Biostimulants are important
products in modern agriculture, which are composed of different heterogeneous
classes of compounds with a broad spectrum of action to increase both qualitative and
quantitative productions. Amino acids can be useful in stress defense, photosynthesis, for
increasing nutrient uptake, pollination and fruit formation, and as precursors to hormones
and growth parameters. Amino acids are considered as precursors and constituents of proteins,
which are well-known for the stimulation of cell growth. Because they are the basic
building blocks of proteins, amino acids are very important in plant growth, development
and metabolite synthesis. One of the diverse, notable and large group of secondary metabolites
is phenolic compounds, which have important function in regulation of the plants’
physiological activities, oxidation-reduction processes, and photosynthesis. Protein hydrolysates
contain amino acids and peptides, one of the most important kinds of biostimulants.
Protein hydrolysates have a notable capability to increase crop performance, particularly
under environmental stress conditions. This review article is aimed to introduce and find
more about the roles of different types of biostimulants in plant growth and final yield production,
leading to sustainable agriculture.
Frailty Factors and Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Duanyang , Yin Pengbin , Li Yi , Chen Ming , Cui Xiang , Cheng Shi , Lin Yuan , Yan Jinglong , Zhang Licheng , Tang Peifu
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Frailty is an aggregate expression of susceptibility to adverse health outcomes because of age- and disease-related deficits that accumulate across multiple domains. Previous studies have found the presence of preoperative frailty is associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes. The number of older adults undergoing orthopedic surgery is rapidly increasing. However, there has been no evidence-based study on the relationship between frailty and outcomes in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of this study are to investigate the association between frailty and outcomes in patients who underwent orthopedic surgery as well as patient factors associated with frailty.

METHODS

The methods to be used for this systematic review are reported according to the PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols) 2015 checklist. An extensive search will be conducted in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and other mainstream databases. Any study where patients undergoing orthopedic surgery were assessed using a defined or validated measure of frailty and the association of frailty with patient factors and/or outcomes was reported will be included. A total of 2 researchers will independently screen articles for inclusion, with disagreements resolved by a third reviewer. We will perform a narrative synthesis of the factors associated with frailty, prevalence of frailty, effect of frailty on patient outcomes, and interventions for patients who are frail. A meta-analysis focusing on individual factors associated with frailty and the effect of frailty on patient outcomes will be performed, if applicable. The risk of bias will be evaluated. A subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis will be performed.

RESULTS

Literature searches were conducted in September 2021 and the review is anticipated to be completed by the end of July 2022.

CONCLUSIONS

This systematic review and meta-analysis will provide an overview of frailty and investigate the relationship between frailty and patient outcomes as well as the relationship between patient factors and frailty in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. This study could potentially increase patients’ awareness of the outcomes associated with frailty, compel clinical specialties to further acknowledge the concept of frailty, and enhance the development of assessment instruments and tools for frailty.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42020181846; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=181846

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/28338
Associations Between the Digital Clock Drawing Test and Brain Volume: Large Community-Based Prospective Cohort (Framingham Heart Study) (Preprint)
Authors: Yuan Jing , Au Rhoda , Karjadi Cody , Ang Ting Fang , Devine Sherral , Auerbach Sanford , DeCarli Charles , Libon David J , Mez Jesse , Lin Honghuang
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

The digital Clock Drawing Test (dCDT) has been recently used as a more objective tool to assess cognition. However, the association between digitally obtained clock drawing features and structural neuroimaging measures has not been assessed in large population-based studies.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to investigate the association between dCDT features and brain volume.

METHODS

This study included participants from the Framingham Heart Study who had both a dCDT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, and were free of dementia or stroke. Linear regression models were used to assess the association between 18 dCDT composite scores (derived from 105 dCDT raw features) and brain MRI measures, including total cerebral brain volume (TCBV), cerebral white matter volume, cerebral gray matter volume, hippocampal volume, and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume. Classification models were also built from clinical risk factors, dCDT composite scores, and MRI measures to distinguish people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from those whose cognition was intact.

RESULTS

A total of 1656 participants were included in this study (mean age 61 years, SD 13 years; 50.9% women), with 23 participants diagnosed with MCI. All dCDT composite scores were associated with TCBV after adjusting for multiple testing (P value <.05/18). Eleven dCDT composite scores were associated with cerebral white matter volume, but only 1 dCDT composite score was associated with cerebral gray matter volume. None of the dCDT composite scores was associated with hippocampal volume or WMH volume. The classification model for differentiating MCI and normal cognition participants, which incorporated age, sex, education, MRI measures, and dCDT composite scores, showed an area under the curve of 0.897.

CONCLUSIONS

dCDT composite scores were significantly associated with multiple brain MRI measures in a large community-based cohort. The dCDT has the potential to be used as a cognitive assessment tool in the clinical diagnosis of MCI.
Interactive Digital Game for Improving Visual–Perceptual Defects in Children With a Developmental Disability: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Wu Wen-Lan , Huang Yu-Ling , Liang Jing-Min , Chen Chia-Hsin , Wang Chih-Chung , Ho Wen-Hsien
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Visual–perceptual defects in children can negatively affect their ability to perform activities of daily living. Conventional rehabilitation training for correcting visual–perceptual defects has limited training patterns and limited interactivity, which makes motivation difficult to sustain.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to develop and evaluate an interactive digital game system for correcting visual–perceptual defects and evaluate its effectiveness.

METHODS

Participants were children aged 5 to 10 years with a diagnosis of visual–perceptual defect associated with a developmental disability. The children were randomized into a digital game group who received the traditional course of rehabilitation combined with an interactive digital game intervention (n=12) and a standard rehabilitation group (n=11) who only received the traditional course of rehabilitation. Each group underwent rehabilitation once a week for 4 weeks. Overall improvement in Test of Visual Perceptual Skills 3rd edition (TVPS-3) score and overall improvement in performance in the interactive digital game were evaluated. Parents and therapists were asked to complete a satisfaction questionnaire.

RESULTS

After 4 weeks, the TVPS-3 score had significantly increased (P=.002) in the digital game group (pre: mean 41.67, SD 13.88; post: 61.50, SD 21.64). In the standard rehabilitation group, the TVPS-3 score also increased, but the increase was not statistically significant (P=.58). Additionally, TVPS-3 score increases were significantly larger for the digital game group compared with those for the standard rehabilitation group (P=.005). Moreover, both parents and therapists were highly satisfied with the system. All 5 themes of satisfaction had mean scores higher than 4 in a 5-point scale questionnaire (mean 4.30, SD 0.56).

CONCLUSIONS

The system has potential applications for improving visual–perceptual function in children undergoing medical rehabilitation for developmental disability.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05016492; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05016492
Effects of years on farınograph parameters and qualıty characterıstıcs
Authors: Aydoğan Seydi , Şahin Mehmet , Akçacık Aysun Göçmen , Demir Berat , Hamzaoğlu Sümeyra , Taner Seyfi
Published: April 2022

This study was conducted to determine the farinograph parameters and some quality characteristics of 15 bread wheat varieties grown in rainfed conditions in 2011-2012, 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 according to a randomized block trial design with two replication. The farinograph parameters (development time, water absorption, stabilsity and softening at the 12th minute), protein ratio, grain hardness, Zeleny sedimentation and bread volume of bread wheat varieties were investigated. Three-year average value ranges of quality traits; protein ratio 13.51-16.02%, grain hardness PSI 45.74-71.05, Zeleny sedimentation 34.67-63.67 ml, bread volume 340-519.17 cm3, farinograph development time 3.75-12.30 min., farinograph water absorption 57.43-65.72%, farinograph stability 4.62-16.92 min. and the farinograph 12 min. softening value 38.66-132.33% was determined as. Significant quality differences were determined between varieties and years, and the highest values in terms of quality traits were obtained in 2013-2014. High values were obtained in Konya-2002, Tosunbey, Karahan-99 and Eraybey varieties in terms of farinograph development time, water absorption and stability values.
On the stability of multicubic-quartic and multimixed cubic-quartic mappings
Authors: Abbasbeygi Zohreh , Bodaghi Abasalt , Gharibkhajeh Ayoub
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we define the multicubic-quartic and the multimixed
cubic-quartic mappings and characterize them. In other words, we unify the
system of functional equations defining a multimixed cubic-quartic (resp.,
multicubic-quartic) mapping to a single equation, namely, the multimixed
cubic-quartic (resp., multicubic-quartic) functional equation. We also show
that under what conditions a multimixed cubic-quartic mapping can be
multicubic, multiquartic and multicubic-quartic. Moreover, by using a fixed
point theorem, we study the generalized Hyers-Ulam stability of multimixed
cubic-quartic functional equations in non-Archimedean normed spaces. As a
corollary, we show that every multimixed cubicquartic mapping under some
mild conditions can be hyperstable. Lastly, we present a non-stable example
for the multiquartic mappings.
An association between digraphs and rings
Authors: Daoub Hamza , Shafah Osama , Lipkovski Aleksandar
Published: April 2022

In the present article, we are going to highlight the relation between
different digraphs (cycles) of finite commutative ring Zn for a natural
number n, under the map (a,b) ? (a+b,ab). The algorithm, which is used
to perform the calculations, has been built in MATLAB?.
New characterizations of the generalized B-T inverse
Authors: Xu Sanzhang , Wang Dingguo
Published: April 2022

Characterizations and explicit expressions of the generalized B-T inverse are
given, this generalized inverse exists for any square matrix and any
integer. The relationships between the generalized B-T inverse and some
well-known generalized inverses are investigated. Moreover, an explicit
formula of the generalized B-T inverse is given by using
Hartwig-Spindelb?ck decomposition.
American Studies in Russia
Authors: Ivanov I. I.
Published: April 2022

The article discusses the development of the American studies in the Soviet Union, in Russia, with focus on the key fields of investigations, the main centers for the United States studies; and periodicals where the results of these studies are being published. Different areas of the United States development have been the point of interest in Russia as long as they exist. The main contemporary centers for the American studies on a permanent basis were founded at the second half of the 20-th century. The American studies in the main centers of academic research, such as the Institute for the US and Canada studies, IMEMO, the Institute for General History, the Gorky Institute of World Literature, other academic institutes are being developed along with those in the leading universities, such as Moscow university, Saint Petersburg university; mgimo and many other universities (representing a wide number of regions in Russia) where American studies have become one of the academic disciplines. In focus - the periodicals where the results of the studies on different aspects of the United States policy, economic development, history, the views on American literature and culture are being published.
Contemporary Britain in the Works of Russian Scholars
Authors: Ananieva E. V. , Gromyko Al. А. , Susloparova E. А.
Published: April 2022

The article is dedicated to major findings of Russian scholars on a broad range of topics in the field of British studies. The works selected are mainly focused on the analysis of political, security and socio-economic models of development and trends in the UK from 1991 to 2021. The topics, which were most elaborated in the 1990s, related to the phenomena of Thatcherism, Third Way, the party-political system, social and economic model, British monarchy. Later the problems of devolution and constitutional reforms, identity politics, Euroscepticism, Brexit and migration, the concept of Global Britain shifted to the centre of attention. The study shows that Russian specialists tend to rely not only on empirical studies and approaches but have accumulated a rich experience in profound theoretical and conceptual understanding of the processes under scrutiny and demonstrate a high degree of critical reflection on the research implemented by foreign experts on British studies. Russian scholars pay interest both to structural and institutional processes and to concrete personalities and subjective factor in history. The undertaken research demonstrates a high degree of net working in cooperation among Russian specialists on British Studies, who represent different academic, educational centres and scientific schools.
Applying the concept of generating polynomials to the antenna synthesis problem by power criterion
Authors:   Pidstryhach Institute for Applied Problems of Mechanics and Mathematics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Andriychuk M. , Bulatsyk O. ,   Pidstryhach Institute for Applied Problems of Mechanics and Mathematics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Voytovych M. ,   Pidstryhach Institute for Applied Problems of Mechanics and Mathematics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: April 2022

The antenna synthesis problem according to the prescribed power radiation pattern with the equality norm condition is considered. It is solved by the approach based on the concept of generating polynomials. The variational formulation, supplied by the Lagrange method of multipliers, is applied. The Lagrange--Euler equation for obtained functional is a nonlinear integral equation of the Hammerstein type. The polynomial approach is described for a generalized equation of this type, which holds for different types of antennas. The modified Newton method is used for numerical solving of the respective systems of integro-transcendental equation. The approach is applied to the concrete problems related to the linear antenna, equidistant antenna array, and the circular aperture antenna. The numerical results are obtained and analyzed.
Statistical description of electro-diffusion processes of ions intercalation in "electrolyte – electrode" system
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kostrobij P. , Markovych B. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Tokarchuk R. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Tokarchuk M. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University; Institute for Condensed Matter Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Chernomorets Yu. ,   Institute for Condensed Matter Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: April 2022

We propose a statistical theory of classical-quantum description of electro-diffusion processes of intercalation in "electrolyte – electrode" system. Using the nonequilibrium statistical operator method the generalized transport equations of Nernst-Planck type for ions and electrons in the "electrolyte – electrode" system are obtained. These equations take into account time memory effects and spatial heterogeneity. Within a classical description an analytical calculation of spatially inhomogeneous diffusion coefficients for ions is carried out.
Solution of Helmholtz's equation in the plane with an elliptical hole
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Sukhorolsky M.
Published: April 2022

General approach to constructing solutions of boundary value problems for Helmholtz's equations is considered. By transforming coordinates applying conforming mappings of corresponding domains onto the circle, a set of solutions of Helmholtz's equation in different coordinate systems is obtained. Solutions of boundary value problems for this equation in the plane with an elliptical hole are constructed.
Influence of microstructural transformation on quasistatic and dynamic thermomechanical response of thermally loaded disk
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Zhuk Y. , Kashtalyan M. ,   University of Aberdeen
Published: April 2022

Within the framework of the dynamic statement of the coupled thermomechanics problem accounting for the microstructural phase transformations invoked by the heating and subsequent cooling of the material, the stress-strains state of the steel disk caused by the thermal pulse is investigated. The axisymmetric problem is solved numerically with application of FEM. Material response is simulated with the use of the thermodynamically consistent theory for inelastic behavior of the material with account of thermal dependencies of physical and mechanical properties. The influence of the microstructural transformations on the dynamic and quasistatic response of the material as well as the residual stress-strain state at the irradiated zone are studied in details.
Digi-HTA, assessment framework for digital healthcare services: information security and data protection in health technology – initial experiences
Authors: Jääskelä Jari , Haverinen Jari , Kaksonen Rauli , Reponen Jarmo , Halunen Kimmo , Tokola Teemu , Röning Juha
Published: April 2022

It is well-known that security issues in medical devices, services and applications have potentially catastrophic consequences. To avoid compromising patient data or information systems, it is essential that healthcare services and products meet the relevant information security and data protection requirements. For these reasons, the Digi-HTA assessment includes information security and data protection assessment domains. The outcome of the Digi-HTA process is a recommendation that decision-makers can use during the procurement process. We present results and experiences from the first assessments made in the Digi-HTA process.
We have assessed six products so far and multiple assessments are in progress. The results indicate that healthcare product manufacturers have found the process useful, and usually, the manufacturers have had to improve the security of their product during the Digi-HTA process to get a favourable recommendation for their product. The assessment processes have taken longer than expected due to shortcomings and ambiguities in the provided self-assessment forms, and due to feedback cycles and meetings prompted by assessment findings. Of the six assessed products, four received a green light in information security and data protection, whereas two have received a yellow light due to issues that were not fixed during the process. In addition to shortcomings in adhering to best practices, we have also found exploitable security issues.
Comparative Karyomorphological Analysis of In vivo and In vitro Grown Plants of Plumbago zeylanica: An Important Medicinal Plant
Authors: Majumder Sweety , Biswas Animesh , Rahman Md. Mahbubur
Published: April 2022

The present report describes the comparative cytological analysis of in vivo and in vitro grown plant species of Plumbago zeylanica. Somatic chromosome number of in vivo and micro-propagated plants was confirmed to be 2n=28. Individual chromosome length of mother plant and micro-propagated plant was ranged from 2.26 to 5.54 µm and 2.26 to 5.46 µm, respectively. The total length of the haploid complement of in vivo and in vitro grown plants was 49.35 and 52.98 µm. The total form percent (TF%) of mother and in vitro grown plants was 45.11% and 45.58%, respectively and according to Stebbins classification (1971) both plants karyotype was fell into 2B symmetric type. The centromeric formula was for in vivo and in vitro grown plants were 3sm + 11m.
Urban System Development in Thai Nguyen Province: Prospects and Challenges
Authors: Ha Nguyen Thi Thu , Anh Nguyen Thi Luong , Huyen Vu Thi Thu
Published: April 2022

Urban planning and development of Thai Nguyen province has made breakthrough achievements, creating a driving force to develop Thai Nguyen to become a regional commercial center, trade and economic center of the Midlands and Northern mountainous region and Hanoi capital area. The article focuses on analyzing the current status of the urban system of Thai Nguyen province through analyzing the current distribution, size, and urban characteristics, and forecasting the province's urban population in 2025 and 2030. This study points out some limitations that exist in the process of urbanization such as: small urban population size, low urbanization rate, inadequate infrastructure... and challenges that the province will have to face. Based on the results of analysis and assessment of the current situation, the study proposes a number of solutions to overcome the limitations and overcome challenges, promoting the development of the urban system of Thai Nguyen province in the coming time.
The Influence of Community Partnership Benchmark on Management Outcomes in Child Friendly Schools of Makueni County, Kenya
Authors: Musau Nicholas Muthiani , Thinguri Ruth , Githui Kimamo
Published: April 2022

The Kenya government’s effort to adopt and implement the CFS model created a gap with some public primary schools becoming child friendly while others lagged behind. This paper reports a study on the influence of community partnership as a benchmark on the management outcome of child friendly schools. The study was conducted in Makueni County of Kenya in which Child friendly school partnership with Communities was significantly established. A population of about 45,102 was studied producing a sample of 402 respondents. In schools where community partnership existed, 63.6% have operational BOM committees, Parents provided funds for school projects and construction of buildings (58.1%), Parents participated in school’s decision-making process (59.4%) and Parents met at least once every month to discuss school development (59.8%). However, other than parents, partnership with other stakeholders was not clear. The study recommended strengthened implementation of community partnership with child friendly schools for the benefit of children.
A Literature Review on Energy Healing Techniques and Biofield – Detection and Scientific Analysis
Authors:   College of Computer Science and Information Science, Srinivas University, India, Joy A Jeo , Rudrahithlu Suresh Kumar ,   Srinivas University, India, Joy Molly ,   Psychology Department, Kristu Jayanti College, India
Published: April 2022

Energy Healing techniques are considered as one of the age-old practices dating its origin back to the ancient scriptures, to be precise much earlier than those. Scientific technology has been incorporated on a small scale into these in recent decades, beginning in the twentieth century. Even in the twenty-first century, little progress has been made in this area. This literature review is an eye-opener for the world to get familiarized with various energy healing techniques and their basic functionality. The various technical devices used for the detection and treatment of the biofield are depicted in brief in this review. The modalities in which Artificial Intelligence is used in various energy healing techniques are introduced here. The review culminates with a note on the future scope of the Energy Healing techniques on a wider horizon incorporating Artificial Intelligence wherever necessary.
" When Geopolitical and Limnology Collide: New Representation of Lake Borders"
Authors:   Laboratoire CEDETE, University of Orleans (France), julien.gautier@univ-orleans.fr, GAUTIER Julien
Published: April 2022

This work should demonstrate the interest of a new concept to show the link between limnology and geopolitics. With the term of “limnic border”, we can demonstrate the difference between the zonal border in two dimensions, typical for geopolitics and the deep border, typical for limnology. The introduction will constitute a resume of the historic and epistemological evolution of the vision about border and natural lake and how geopolitical and limnology develop in different ways. We demonstrate the interest to associate these two views, with regard to a general approach associating “biophysical vision” and “anthropic vision”. With the definition of how we can think multiple separation about transboundary lake, we should demonstrate the accuracy and the interest of a new three-dimensional vision, “the limnic border”. We will demonstrate how we can show the accuracy of this new concept by a description of a cross methodology, included limnologic measures and survey.
"Experimental Method to Assess the Looseness or Compactness in Climate Changing for Several Major Cities of Hungary."
Authors:   ", MAGYARI-SÁSKA Zsolt ,   Experimental Method to Assess the Looseness or Compactness in Climate Changing for Several Major Cities of Hungary", DOMBAY Ștefan ,   " Experimental Method to Assess the Looseness or Compactness in Climate Changing for Several Major Cities of Hungary"
Published: April 2022

In this paper we tried to study the values of radiant temperatures (Land Surface Temperature) and NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) for areas occupied by buildings and green spaces. The area affected by the Urban Heat Island (UHI) was also determined. Study Area, Iasi, the largest city in eastern Romania, is geographically situated on latitude 47°12'N to 47°06'N and longitude 27°32'E to 27°40'E. LST is an estimate of ground temperature and is important to identify change in environment. An important parameter in global climate change is rapid urbanization which leads to an increase in Land Surface Temperature (LST). The urban heat island (UHI) represents the phenomenon of higher atmospheric and surface temperatures occurring in urban area or metropolitan area than in the surrounding rural zones due to urbanization. It also been found that night UHI is more powerful than day. At night the LST values for SUHI varies between 24.5°C-25.9°C, and during the day between 35°C-38.7°C. With the development of remote sensing technology, it has become an important approach to urban heat island research. MODIS and Landsat data were used to estimate the LST and NDVI. From the analysis of the images it can be seen that the temperatures in SUHI are lower where there are green spaces around the buildings, and temperatures are higher in the non-UHI area, where inside or around the green spaces there are surfaces built or covered with concrete. Statistical data show very average temperatures for areas affected by UHI, 37.8°C for daytime and 24.6°C for night.
A common property to generalized contractions and existence of fixed points
Authors:   National Polytechnic School of Oran-MA, Department of FPST, BP 1523 El M\'enaouer, 31000 Oran, Algeria, Benahmed Sfya
Published: April 2022

The definitions of several types of generalized contractions for an application T from a complete metric space (X,d) in itself are recalled and reviewed. A common property [H] to all these concepts is put in light. We observe that assumption [H] is fulfilled in many cases and we prove that assumption [H] and lower semi-continuity of the function x maps to d(x,T(x)) ensure existence of a fixed point along with a sharp estimate for the distance to the fixed-points set.