bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Riesel” and another numbers
Authors: Kowitz Krzysztof , Miszczyk Karolina
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we will introduce “Riesel” numbers and we show closed formulae for calculating the [Formula: see text]th “Riesel” number [Formula: see text], the number of “Riesel” numbers up to [Formula: see text], and the sum of the first [Formula: see text] “Riesel” numbers. We will explore the relationships between the selected numbers and solve two special cases of diophantine equations.
Reinventing Backend Subsetting at Google
Authors: Ward Peter , Wankadia Paul , Guliani Kavita
Published: December 2022

Backend subsetting is useful for reducing costs and may even be necessary for operating within the system limits. For more than a decade, Google used deterministic subsetting as its default backend subsetting algorithm, but although this algorithm balances the number of connections per backend task, deterministic subsetting has a high level of connection churn. Our goal at Google was to design an algorithm with reduced connection churn that could replace deterministic subsetting as the default backend subsetting algorithm.
Botnet Business Models, Takedown Attempts, and the Darkweb Market: A Survey
Authors: Georgoulias Dimitrios , Pedersen Jens Myrup , Falch Morten , Vasilomanolakis Emmanouil
Published: December 2022

Botnets account for a substantial portion of cybercrime. Botmasters utilize darkweb marketplaces to promote and provide their services, which can vary from renting or buying a botnet (or parts of it) to hiring services (e.g., distributed denial of service attacks). At the same time, botnet takedown attempts have proven to be challenging, demanding a combination of technical and legal methods, and often requiring the collaboration of a plethora of entities with varying jurisdictions. In this article, we map the elements associated with the business aspect of botnets and utilize them to develop adaptations of two widely used business models. Furthermore, we analyze the 28 most notable botnet takedown operations carried out from 2008 to 2021, in regard to the methods employed, and illustrate the correlation between these methods and the segments of our adapted business models. Our analysis suggests that the botnet takedown methods have been mainly focused on the technical side, but not on the botnet economic components. We aim to shed light on new takedown vectors and incentivize takedown actors to expand their efforts to methods oriented more toward the business side of botnets, which could contribute toward eliminating some of the challenges that surround takedown operations.
The Best of Both Worlds: Combining Learned Embeddings with Engineered Features for Accurate Prediction of Correct Patches
Authors: Tian Haoye , Liu Kui , Li Yinghua , Kaboré Abdoul Kader , Koyuncu Anil , Habib Andrew , Li Li , Wen Junhao , Klein Jacques , Bissyandé Tegawendé F.
Published: December 2022

A large body of the literature on automated program repair develops approaches where patches are automatically generated to be validated against an oracle (e.g., a test suite). Because such an oracle can be imperfect, the generated patches, although validated by the oracle, may actually be incorrect. While the state-of-the-art explores research directions that require dynamic information or rely on manually-crafted heuristics, we study the benefit of learning code representations in order to learn deep features that may encode the properties of patch correctness. Our empirical work investigates different representation learning approaches for code changes to derive embeddings that are amenable to similarity computations of patch correctness identification, and assess the possibility of accurate classification of correct patch by combining learned embeddings with engineered features. Experimental results demonstrate the potential of learned embeddings to empower
Leopard
(a patch correctness predicting framework implemented in this work) with learning algorithms in reasoning about patch correctness: a machine learning predictor with BERT transformer-based learned embeddings associated with XGBoost achieves an AUC value of about 0.803 in the prediction of patch correctness on a new dataset of 2,147 labeled patches that we collected for the experiments. Our investigations show that deep learned embeddings can lead to complementary/better performance when comparing against the state-of-the-art, PATCH-SIM, which relies on dynamic information. By combining deep learned embeddings and engineered features,
Panther
(the upgraded version of
Leopard
implemented in this work) outperforms
Leopard
with higher scores in terms of AUC, +Recall and -Recall, and can accurately identify more (in)correct patches that cannot be predicted by the classifiers only with learned embeddings or engineered features. Finally, we use an explainable ML technique, SHAP, to empirically interpret how the learned embeddings and engineered features are contributed to the patch correctness prediction.
Graphitic Carbon Nitride/Ni Doped Copper Hydroxide Nanocomposite Based Electrochemical Sensor for Trace Level Detection of Ponceau 4R Food Colorant
Authors: Rasi Farzaneh , Sadeghi Susan , Ghalkhani Masoumeh
Published: December 2022

In this work, a new nanocomposite of nickel-doped copper hydroxide nanoparticles/graphitic carbon nitride was prepared and used to modify the surface of glassy carbon electrode (Ni:Cu(OH)2/g-C3N4/GCE) without any binder. The modified electrode was employed to determine Ponceau 4 R food colorant in aqueous solution by square wave voltammetry. The newly prepared nanocomposite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Under optimal experimental conditions, Ni:Cu(OH)2/g-C3N4/GCE presented a linear response to Ponceau 4 R oxidation in the concentration range from 0.1 to 10 μM with a detection limit of 56 nM and sensitivity of 2.273 μA μM−1. Besides, acceptable selectivity against interfering species, good stability and high reproducibility of the electro-oxidation response for 400 successive measurements of Ponceau 4 R on a modified electrode after regeneration in 0.1 M NaOH solution are other advantages of the fabricated electrode. The developed sensor was successfully for the analysis of Ponceau 4 R in complex matrices such as fruit juice and jelly samples with acceptable recoveries.
A Porous Gold-Curcumin Nanocomposite for Picomolar Real-Time Detection of Dopamine in Urine
Authors: Nayak Sai Prasad , Ventrapragada Lakshman K. , Kumar J. K. Kiran , Rao Apparao M.
Published: December 2022

Engineering nanomaterials for non-invasive electrochemical detection of dopamine (DA) in biological samples has been daunting. We report a novel gold-curcumin (Au-CM) nanocomposite as an electrochemical sensor for real-time ultra-selective detection of DA in urine samples. Gold nanoparticles (∼2–3 nm) encased in porous curcumin (CM) network on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode were synthesized via a galvanostatic method and used as the electrochemical sensor. The modified electrode exhibited excellent sensitivity and selectivity toward DA sensing with a record-low limit of detection (LOD) of 3 pM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3). Our DFT-D3 calculations revealed a higher (by 23.3 kJ mol−1) adsorption energy of DA on the Au-CM nanocomposite than on the bare Au nanocluster. Furthermore, a wide range of detection 1 pM − 400 μM (R
2 = 0.99) was achieved at pH 6. Real-time DA detection was successfully performed in pharmaceutical formulations and urine samples with a single step of dilution with results comparable to clinical values, thus overcoming the complexity of biofluids.
Versatile Electrochemical Platform for GSH Detection and its Boolean Logic Application in Related Biological Pathways
Authors: Liu Qiong , Ren Xinxin , Hu Yufang , Zhou Jieying
Published: December 2022

The next-generation advanced molecular devices for clinical diagnostics and biomedical research are of great significance. Herein, a versatile electrochemical platform for glutathione (GSH) detection and its Boolean logic application in related biological pathways are achieved well. At first, GSH-Ag(I) complex is synthesized simply and greenly by controlling properly the ratio of GSH and Ag(I). The complex can be attached onto the graphene oxide (GO)-modified electrode with the assistance in Nafion, presenting an excellent electrocatalytic activity to H2O2. Under optimum conditions, the biosensor can be used for quantitative analysis of GSH with a linear range from 0.001 to 50 μM and the detection limit is about 0.63 nM. Meanwhile, GSH is the reaction product in glutathione reductase (GSR)-based enzyme system in the help of NADPH molecules, and NADPH is a glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) catalytic reaction product. In view of these, some basic and advanced logic gates (YES, AND, AND-AND, and AND-AND-AND) are constructed orderly, and these Boolean logic switches on GSH-based biological pathways are developed reasonably. Undoubtedly, the new biosensor can be extended for the diagnosis and treatment of GSH-related diseases, affording accurate diagnosis and therapy.
A Novel Method of Water Mist Bonding for Manufacturing Biological Gel Artificial Muscle with High Actuation Performance
Authors: Wang Junyao , Lang Tianhong , Liu Huan , Chen Yansong , Cui Bowen , Wang Rui
Published: December 2022

Biological gel artificial muscle (BGAM) has a promising future in the field of MEMS. In contrast to the material research of BGAM, relatively little research is conducted on the preparation process method of BGAM. Therefore, a water mist bonding method for the preparation of BGAM is proposed. The main application of the water mist bonding method is to complete the assembly of the electrode membrane with the electrically actuated membrane, and the actuation properties of the BGAM can be further enhanced. In this paper, experiments on mechanical, electrical, and actuation properties are conducted to investigate the effects of the water mist bonding process parameters on BGAM. The comprehensive experimental results revealed that BGAM possessed a more comprehensive optimization effect when the humidification time is 2.5 min: the bond strength reached the highest 0.92 MPa, the internal resistance, and elastic modulus are significantly reduced to 28 Ω and 2.08 MPa, respectively, and the output force response rate reached the highest 0.138 mN s−1. In conclusion, the water mist bonding process proposed does not require complicated equipment, features optimized BGAM actuation performance, and makes up for the lack of process methods for preparing BGAM at this stage.
Electrochemical Sensing Platform based on Greenly Synthesized Gum Arabic Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles for Hydrogen Peroxide and Glucose
Authors: Sharma Keshav , Majhi Shukla , Tripathi Chandra Shekhar Pati , Guin Debanjan
Published: December 2022

Gum Arabic stabilized silver nanoparticles (GA-Ag NPs) were successfully synthesized by one step green synthesis method. The as-prepared nanoparticles were characterized using XRD, DLS, FTIR, TEM, and UV–vis spectroscopy. XRD data confirmed that the synthesized Ag NPs were face-centred cubic and the crystallite size was calculated to be around 5 nm. TEM image confirmed the successful synthesis of monodispersed spherical nanoparticles with particle sizes in the range of 10–20 nm. Cyclic voltammetry experiment revealed the outstanding electrochemical response and electrocatalytic behaviour of GA-Ag NPs for the sensing of H2O2. Based on the cyclic voltammetry, amperometric, and differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) experiments, it was concluded that strong oxidizing agent H2O2 undergoes through reduction process at the surface of GA-Ag NPs/GCE. Excellent electrocatalytic behaviour of the GA-Ag NPs was exhibited for sensing of glucose also. The limit of detection as calculated from DPV experiments were 0.242 μM and 0.205 μM for H2O2 and glucose respectively. The reported electrochemical sensor has numerous advantages such as simple and green synthesis method, extremely high sensitivity, stability and reproducibility, and extremely good response.
Low-Temperature Epitaxial Growth by Quiescent Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition at Atmospheric Pressure
Authors: Song Chang-Hun , Ryu Hwa-Yeon , Oh Hoonjung , Baik Seung Jae , Ko Dae-Hong
Published: December 2022

Atmospheric pressure (AP) plasma provides an alternative approach to low-cost thin-film deposition. The low throughput of epitaxial growth, which limits productivity in semiconductor manufacturing, can be addressed by using AP plasma. In principle, AP plasma does no damage and enables local heating of the deposition surface. In Si epitaxial growth using AP plasma, hydrogen incorporation and quiescent gas flow are shown to be key factors controlling epitaxial growth even under a high environmental impurity flux and at a low substrate temperature of 150 °C. Quiescent plasma at AP is promising for future epitaxial processing owing to its low cost and high productivity.
A Numerical Model for Rock Cutting with Diamond Circular Saw Blade Based on Smoothed Particle Galerkin Method
Authors: Tian Yongjun , Sang Yicun , Liu Jie
Published: December 2022

A simulation approach was utilized to investigate the mechanics of cutting rock using the diamond circular saw blade in this paper. The smoothed particle Galerkin (SPG) method was used to numerically simulate three factors, including the dynamic mechanical behavior of the circular saw blade, the damage law of the circular saw blade, and the cutting force of the saw blade. The experimental comparison indicated that the SPG approach is feasible and accurate in the analysis and simulation of the rock cutting mechanism. The rock cutting is a process of material cyclic removal. The wear parts of the saw blade are most obviously manifested at the end of the saw segments. The water groove is also readily damaged in the alternating action, which has a significant impact on the service life of the saw blade. The effects of speed, cutting depth, and feed speed on the cutting force are discussed. The results reveal that these mentioned factors are important to the quality of rock cutting.
Construction of Pyroptosis-Related Prognostic and Immune Infiltration Signature in Bladder Cancer
Authors: Du Xiaoyi , Zhao Xin , Tang Yu , Tang Wei
Published: December 2022

Pyroptosis is a kind of programmed cell death related to inflammation, which is closely related to cancer. The goal of this study is to establish and verify pyroptosis-related gene signature to predict the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer (BLCA) and explore its relationship with immunity. Somatic mutation, copy number variation, correlation, and expression of 33 pyroptosis-related genes were evaluated based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. BLCA cases were divided into two clusters by consistent clustering and found that pyroptosis-related genes were related to the overall survival (OS) of BLCA. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression was used to construct the signature (including 7 pyroptosis-realated genes). Survival analysis curve and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) showed that this signature could predict the prognosis of BLCA patients. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed the independent prognostic value of this model. Immune infiltration analysis showed that the six types of immune cells have significantly different infiltrations. The effect of immunotherapy is better in the low-risk group. In summary, our effort indicated the potential role of pyroptosis-related genes in BLCA and provided new perspectives on the prognosis of BLCA and new ideas for immunotherapy.
Transcranial MR-Guided Focused Ultrasound and Hyperostosis Calvariae Diffusa: Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Bernstock Joshua D. , Torio Erickson F. , Raghu Ashley L.B. , Chua Melissa , Chen Jason Andrew , Segar David , Gupta Saksham , White Philip Jason , McDannold Nathan , Golby Alexandra J. , Cosgrove G. Rees
Published: December 2022

We describe a 74-year-old male with intractable essential tremor (ET) and hyperostosis calvariae diffusa who was unsuccessfully treated with magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS). A computed tomography performed prior to the procedure demonstrated a skull density ratio (SDR) of 0.37 and tricortical hyperostosis calvariae diffusa. No lesion was evident on post-MRgFUS MRI, and no improvement in the patient’s hand tremor was noted clinically. We systematically reviewed the literature to understand outcomes for those patients with hyperostosis who have undergone MRgFUS. A comprehensive literature search using the PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases identified 3 ET patients with hyperostosis who failed treatment with MRgFUS. Clinical findings, skull characteristics, treatment parameters, and outcomes were summarized, demonstrating different patterns/degrees of bicortical hyperostosis and variable SDRs (i.e., from 0.38 to ≥0.45). Although we have successfully treated patients with bicortical hyperostosis frontalis interna (n = 50), tricortical hyperostosis calvariae diffusa appears to be a contraindication for MRgFUS despite acceptable SDRs.
Efficacy and Safety of Sevelamer Carbonate in Chinese Nondialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Hyperphosphatemia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Study
Authors: Chen Wei , Liu Hua-Feng , Chen Qin-Kai , Zhao Ming-Hui , Chen Xiao-Nong , Liu Hong , Wan Jian-Xin , Li Shao-Mei , Chen Meng-Hua , Dai Chun , Shi Hong-Bin , Wei Jia-Li , Zhao Hong-Wen , Wang Li-Hua , Long Gang , Lu Wan-Hong , Tang Ying , Yang Jun-Wei , Cao Li-Ying , Tang Dong-Xing , Yang Yu-Qiong , Yu Xue-Qing
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Previous studies suggested that sevelamer carbonate is well tolerated with a favorable efficacy and safety profile in both dialysis and nondialysis patients in Europe; however, the efficacy remains controversial, and few studies have examined sevelamer carbonate therapy in other ethnic nondialysis CKD patients. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of sevelamer carbonate in Chinese nondialysis CKD patients with hyperphosphatemia. Methods: The multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, and phase 3 clinical trial enrolled 202 Chinese nondialysis CKD patients with serum phosphorus ≥1.78 mmol/L. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive sevelamer carbonate (2.4–12 g per day) or placebo for 8 weeks. The primary outcome was the change in serum phosphorous between baseline and week 8. Results: Totally 482 Chinese patients were screened and 202 were randomized (sevelamer carbonate, n = 101; placebo, n = 101). The mean serum phosphorous decreased significantly in patients treated with sevelamer carbonate compared with placebo (−0.22 ± 0.47 vs. 0.05 ± 0.44 mmol/L, p < 0.0001). Significantly (p < 0.0001), decreases of serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and calcium-phosphorus (Ca × P) product levels from baseline to week 8 were shown in sevelamer carbonate group compared with placebo group. Serum intact parathyroid hormone was not significantly changed in the sevelamer carbonate group (p = 0.83). Patients in the sevelamer carbonate group experienced similar adverse events as the placebo group. Conclusion: Sevelamer carbonate is an effective and well-tolerated phosphate binder in advanced nondialysis CKD Chinese patients with hyperphosphatemia.
Pitfall in the Surgical Management of a Shrunken Skin Defect after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Matsuki Hitomi , Oura Shoji , Makimoto Shinichiro
Published: December 2022

A 53-year-old woman with a large, easy-bleeding, and ulcerated breast tumor visited our hospital due to severe anemia. Transfusion and Mohs’ chemosurgery gave the patient marked improvement of her local and general condition. After confirming the human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer with no distant metastasis, anti-HER2 agents-containing chemotherapy brought about clinical complete response of the locally advanced breast cancer with a shrunken but still large skin defect. We, therefore, treated the patient with mastectomy and axillary node dissection but failed to directly close the skin even after full skin undermining. We then tried to cover the skin defect using a latissimus dorsi flap, that is, horizontal spindle skin 12 × 6 cm in size, but again failed to fully cover the skin defect. We finally and ostensibly covered the skin defect through an additional skin incision to the recipient skin, but could not get complete wound healing. Pathological study showed a marked collagen fiber around the skin defect and faint viable cancer cells beneath the nipple. The patient required 3 months of wound management for complete wound healing, leading to the application of anti-HER2 agents without anticancer agent to the patient during that time as an adjuvant therapy. Regrowth of her hair once lost by the neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) made the patient refuse the adjuvant anthracycline-containing chemotherapy after wound healing. The patient, therefore, received trastuzumab-emtansine for a year and has been well for 17 months postoperatively. Breast surgeons should note that a skin defect after favorable response to NAC is often surrounded by less stretchable skin due to chemotherapy-induced massive collagen fiber and requires careful preoperative planning for skin closure.
Rationale and Need for Simpler and Effective Miniaturized Bedside Ultrafiltration Devices
Authors: Ronco Claudio , Brendolan Alessandra , Sgarabotto Luca
Published: December 2022

Fluid overload in different acute or chronic clinical settings results in unfavorable outcomes. The use of restrictive strategies for fluid control or the use of diuretics is frequently ineffective and requires extracorporeal ultrafiltration for the removal of excess volume. These extracorporeal treatments are performed with bulky machinery and require highly specialized personnel. The creation of a miniaturized device for extracorporeal ultrafiltration (artificial diuresis) would fill the technological gap in this sector by responding to the needs of cost containment and rehabilitation of the patient. In this article, we explain the rationale that led to the design of this device.
ROLE OF MYCORRHIZA HELPER BACTERIA ON MYCORRHIZAL COLONIZATION AND NEMATODE Pratylenchus coffeae INFECTION
Authors: HINDERSAH REGINAWANTI , LILIPALY ELENA F. L. , ASYIAH IIS NUR , MUDAKIR IMAM , HARNI RITA
Published: December 2022

The coffee nursery is susceptible to endoparasitic Pratylenchus coffeae. Application of biological method in the nursery is suggested to control the nematode population and maintain the seedling health. The objectives of this study were to observe the ability of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi (AMF) Glomus spp. and liquid inoculant of Mycorrhiza Helper Bacteria (MHB) consortium Pseudomonas diminuta and Bacillus subtilis for increasing AMF colonization and reducing the infection P. coffeae in Arabica coffee seedling and their growth. A pot experiment was conducted using a Completely Randomized Block Design with four treatments and five replications. The treatments were Glomus spp. spore inoculation without and with two concentrations of MHB. The control treatment did not receive Glomus spp. and MHB. The seedlings were growing in the greenhouse for three months. The results indicated that Glomus spp. and MHB consortium significantly reduced the nematode total number in soil and roots by approximately 30%; and infection degree of P. coffeae by 50%. The application of Glomus spp. significantly increased root colonization by mycorrhizal fungi, but MHB inoculation did not affect the mycorrhizal colonization. Seedlings treated with MHB had higher shoot length compared to the plant without MHB and control; but the leaves number and shoot dry weight of seedlings were not affected by all treatments. Even though the root fresh weight was reduced after MHB treatment, the lateral roots growth of MHB-treated seedling visually was improved. The experiment demonstrated that MHB was efficient to reduce P. coffeae infection of Arabica seedling.
Predictores del uso problemático del teléfono celular en adolescentes costarricenses
Authors: Pérez-Sánchez Rolando , Dodel Matías
Published: December 2022

(analytical)This study aimed to research the effects of family support and peer group support, along with the life satisfaction, on the problematic use of cell phones among costa rican adolescents. Based on data from the national survey Global Kids Online, structural equation models were developed in order to predict the problematic use of cell phones of adolescents investigated in this study (M=14.8, n = 530). The main findings indicate that peer support has a positive and direct correlation with the problematic use of the cell phone, while the perception of the life satisfaction is correlated in the opposite direction, functioning as a protective factor. Peer and family support have an indirect protective effect against the problematic use of cell phones, stronger in the case of family support.
Keywords: Problematic use of the cell phone; family support; peer groups support; life satisfaction; adolescence; Global Kids Online.
Bruno Latour’sScience Is Politics By Other Means: Between Politics and Ontology
Authors: Seguin Eve , Lord Laurent-Olivier
Published: December 2022

“Science Is Politics By Other Means” (SIPBOM) was coined in The Pasteurization of France, Latour’s 1984 empirical study of the birth of microbiology. Yet, it encapsulates an outstanding political theory of science that Latour has never formalized and that has remained unnoticed to this day. The theory is comprised of two dimensions. The first one is the ontological labor performed by science, that is, the laboratory production of new nonhumans. The second one is the ability of science to devise and implement novel policies targeted at the new beings it produces. These “other means” are incorporated in political projects and contribute to the shaping of society. Fifteen years later, Latour published Politics of Nature ([1999] 2004), a full-blown political treatise equally devoted to the political character of science. It would be mistaken, however, to assume that it falls in the same SIPBOM paradigm as the Pasteur study. The compositionist theory it offers redefines politics as the institution of the nonhumans that make up external reality, a task that has traditionally been monopolized by Science. In this sense, “science is politics by other means” has become “politics is science by other means,” these “other means” now referring to “cosmopolitics,” that is, the due process advocated by compositionism. The first claim of the present paper is that the respective weight ascribed to politics and ontology is different in The Pasteurization of France and in Politics of Nature. The second claim is that compositionism is not as successful as Latour’s early theory to account for the politicity of science.
Actor Network Theory and Sensing Governance: From Causation to Correlation
Authors: Chandler David
Published: December 2022

This article is organized in four sections. The first section introduces sensing governance in terms of the governance of effects rather than causation, focusing on the work of Bruno Latour in establishing the problematic of contingent interaction, rather than causal depth, as key to emergent effects, which can be unexpected and catastrophic. The second section considers in more depth how sensing governance enables politics by other means through putting greater emphasis on relations of interaction, rather than on ontologies of being, and links the methodological approach of sensing governance closely to actor network assumptions that disavow structures of causation. The final two sections analyze how correlation works to reveal new agencies and processes of emergence and how new technologies have been deployed in this area, providing some examples of how the shift from causal relations to sensing effects has begun to alter governmental approaches.
Introduction: Science Is Politics By Other Means Revisited
Authors: Seguin Eve , Vinck Dominique
Published: December 2022

In the past forty years, Bruno Latour’s claim that Science Is Politics By Other Means (SIPBOM) has been the underlying creed of Science and Technology Studies (STS), most of us simply taking it for granted. In contrast, this special issue is predicated on the observation of an enduring lack of exegesis of this catchphrase so remarkable that is has caused an outcry among natural scientists, echoed in some social science quarters. If SIPBOM has been a resource for decades, by turning it into a topic this special issue revisits one of the most exciting and challenging insights of contemporary thought.
The Role of Atmospheric Noise in Decadal SST Variability
Authors: Schneider Edwin K. , Kirtman Benjamin P. , Perlin Natalie
Published: December 2022

A substantial role for atmospheric noise in simulations of decadal internal variability of SST is demonstrated by a comparison of a multicentury climate model control and a corresponding interactive ensemble (IE) simulation. The IE is designed to reduce atmospheric noise in the heat flux, wind stress, and freshwater flux at the air–sea interface. This comparison suggests that nearly all SST variability on decadal time scales is forced by internal atmospheric variability. The results are examined to determine the relative roles of atmospheric surface heat flux noise and ocean dynamics in the decadal volume-averaged heat budget of the upper ocean. The regional heat budgets in two regions, the South Pacific and the midlatitude North Atlantic, show the net atmospheric surface heat flux to be approximately in equilibrium with the ocean dynamics forcing. The IE and control results are used in the equilibrium heat budget approximation to infer the atmospheric heat flux response to SST, as well as the time series of the control atmospheric noise surface heat flux and ocean dynamics forcings for several regions. The South Pacific region SST is found to be primarily forced by the atmospheric noise surface heat flux and the North Atlantic region SST is forced by the ocean dynamics. Similar strengths for the atmospheric heat flux noise and ocean dynamics forcing, with an interdecadal atmospheric heat flux noise time scale and a centennial ocean dynamics time scale, are found for an Atlantic multidecadal variability region SST.
Assessment of Atmospheric and Oceanographic Measurements from an Autonomous Surface Vehicle
Authors: Amador Andre , Merrifield Sophia T. , Terrill Eric J.
Published: December 2022

The present work details the measurement capabilities of Wave Glider autonomous surface vehicles (ASVs) for research-grade meteorology, wave, and current data. Methodologies for motion compensation are described and tested, including a correction technique to account for Doppler shifting of the wave signal. Wave Glider measurements are evaluated against observations obtained from World Meteorological Organization (WMO)-compliant moored buoy assets located off the coast of Southern California. The validation spans a range of field conditions and includes multiple deployments to assess the quality of vehicle-based observations. Results indicate that Wave Gliders can accurately measure wave spectral information, bulk wave parameters, water velocities, bulk winds, and other atmospheric variables with the application of appropriate motion compensation techniques. Measurement errors were found to be comparable to those from reference moored buoys and within WMO operational requirements. The findings of this study represent a step toward enabling the use of ASV-based data for the calibration and validation of remote observations and assimilation into forecast models.
Do Socio-economic Factors in the BRICS Explain Gender Gap in Financial Inclusion?
Authors: Ahmed Farid , Dar Arif Billah , Farooq Umar , Sharma Roop Lal
Published: December 2022

This study aims to analyse the determinants of the gender gap in financial inclusion in the BRICS countries. Using the World Bank’s 2017 Global Financial Inclusion Index Database, the study examines the underlying causes of gender differences in financial services. Using the Fairlie (1999) decomposition method, the study finds a significant portion of the disparity among genders in financial inclusion. The lower-income quintiles contribute positively to the gender gap when compared to upper-income quintiles. A considerable proportion of disparities is attributed to secondary education. However, tertiary education acts to reduce the gap.

JEL Codes: C250, G21, J16, 0530
Investigation of the optimum vibration energy harvesting performance of electrospun PVDF/BaTiO3 nanogenerator
Authors: Güçlü Harun , Kasım Hasan , Yazici Murat
Published: December 2022

The piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting performance of an electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/Barium Titanate (BaTiO3) nanocomposite piezo polymer nanogenerator was investigated in this study. To obtain the highest piezoelectric output value, electrospinning was performed using four distinct solvent volume ratios of Acetone/Dimethylformamide (DMF) of 0:10, 2:8, 4:6, and 6:4 and three different PVDF weight percent polymer concentrations of 10, 15, and 20. Additionally, three distinct BaTiO3 addition weight percents of 5, 10, and 15 were investigated. The optimal concentration of PVDF (15 wt.%) was combined with a 6:4 volume ratio of Acetone/DMF to form a nanocomposite piezo polymer nanogenerator. The morphology and crystalline structure of PVDF and PVDF/BaTiO3 were analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Nanocomposite piezo polymer nanogenerator was manufactured to harvest energy from vibration. A cantilever beam was developed without a tip mass type system for piezoelectric energy harvesting tests. The highest piezoelectric power output was obtained as 0.243 μW (15 wt.% PVDF and 5 wt.% BaTiO₃), Acetone/DMF (6:4 vol./vol.)) under 10 MΩ at the 15.7 Hz resonance frequency. The morphology of electrospun nanofibers has a significant impact on the piezoelectric performance of a nanocomposite piezo polymer nanogenerator at high-amplitude vibration.
Dynamic behavior analysis of the winding system during filament reversing pushed by the traverse mechanism
Authors: Ma Xunxun , Wang Shengze , Chen Feng , Wang Haitao , Wang Yongxing
Published: December 2022

The filament bundle is a kind of fiber assembly with an ultrahigh length–diameter ratio. For textiles, the filament is an intermediate product in the textile production process. For ease of storage, transportation and subsequent processing, the filament is wound to form a disc-shaped package with a certain size. During winding, the high-speed moving filament is placed precisely on the cylindrical surface of the package with the spiral shape by the traverse mechanism. Unfortunately, uneven tension of the filament during reversing is caused by the action of the traverse mechanism, which directly affects the quality of the filament package. In this article, the approach of modeling and simulating the filament winding system was proposed, of which the element model of the filament was established by the absolute node coordinate formulation, considering its viscoelasticity, as well as the effect of gravity. The contact model between the filament and the rotary vane, as well as the contact roller, was established by the Hertz law. The equations of motion for the system were derived by the Lagrange equations, and the algorithm for solving the differential-algebraic equations was further derived. Then, the dynamic behavior of the winding system during reversing was simulated and analyzed, and the results show that the moving filament is in non-contact with the rotary vane at the moment of reversing, and the small fluctuation in contact force between the rotary vane and the filament causes the large fluctuation in the filament tension. Finally, the validity is tested through an experiment.
The Book of the Dead Manuscripts of the Lady Hatnefer in the Egyptian Museum of Cairo: Two Hieratic Papyri and One Leather Roll (TR-No. 25–1–55–6)
Authors: Hassan Khaled
Published: December 2022

Generally, the Book of the Dead in the New Kingdom was inscribed in hieroglyphic and cursive hieroglyphic scripts. However, a few examples were inscribed in hieratic handwriting at the beginning of the Eighteenth Dynasty. This paper will present interesting examples of these early sources. Three hieratic manuscripts from the beginning of the Eighteenth Dynasty belong to the lady Hatnefer, the mother of the renowned Senenmut. This group of hieratic manuscripts consists of two papyri and one leather roll. This paper will also shed light on the handwriting of the manuscripts and try to figure out the number of scribes who were involved in writing these manuscripts based on palaeographical analysis.
Holy Spirit Mother, the Baptismal Womb, and the Walesby Tank: Excavating Early Christian Women Baptizers
Authors: Kateusz Ally
Published: December 2022

Writers starting with Tertullian and the author behind the Didascalia Apostolorum attest to the presence of early Christian women baptizers, as do a variety of later writers. The early Christian tradition of Holy Spirit as female and mother, her womb the font of new birth (Jn 3.3-5), helps illuminate why women may have been seen as the midwives, or ministers, of this birthing ritual. Likewise, the identification of the font as a womb adds to Jocelyn Toynbee’s 1964 proposal that a scene on the Walesby Tank, a fourth-century Romano-British baptismal font, portrayed two clothed women assisting a nude female neophyte at her baptism.
Clothes and caps: An exploration of the thing-power of objects and activism at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games
Authors: Brice Julie E.
Published: December 2022

Building upon a rich body of literature around politics and the Olympics, this article explores the role of objects in political activism and protest at the Tokyo 2020 Olympics. Inspired by new materialist theory, Jane Bennett's vital materialism, and her concept of thing-power (2010) , this research thinks about the ways in which objects in the Tokyo 2020 games were lively and agentic players in developing assemblages and discussions around social inequalities at the Games. To accomplish this, the project conducted a thematic analysis of international popular press published during the Tokyo 2020 Olympics to explore the thing-power of two objects (unitards and a swimming cap). In so doing, this article explores the ways in which objects were integral actants and helped ignite conversations around gender, the sexualization of female athletes, and the racism and exclusionary practices of elite swimming. The article finishes with a discussion of the thing-power of objects and how a different ontological approach (i.e. one that values nonhuman matter) has implications for athlete protest, policy development, and addressing social inequalities and injustices within sport.
Effect of Orthognathic Surgery on Breathing in Patients with Cleft lip and Palate: 20-Year Experience at a Tertiary Hospital in Brazil
Authors: Seixas Déborah Rocha , Trindade Inge Elly Kiemle , Yamashita Renata Paciello , Silva Andressa Sharllene Carneiro da , Araújo Bruna Mara Adorno Marmontel , Maia Sergio Éberson da Silva , Fukushiro Ana Paula
Published: December 2022

Objective

To verify the effect of orthognathic surgery (OS) on nasal dimensions and its correlation with respiratory symptoms in patients operated on over the past 20 years.

Design

Retrospective study.

Setting

Tertiary level craniofacial hospital.

Participants

535 patients with CLP previously repaired, without syndromes, age over 18, who performed OS between 2000 and 2019 and rhinomanometric evaluation pre and post OS.

Interventions

Maxillary advancement isolated and combined with turbinectomy and/or mandibular osteotomy.

Main Outcome Measures

Minimum nasal cross-sectional area (CSA) assessed by posterior (PR) and anterior rhinomanometry (AR), nasopharyngeal cross-sectional area (NCSA) verified by modified AR, and self-perceived respiratory symptoms through a questionnaire.

Results

After OS, there was a significant increase in CSA assessed by PR (p < .001) and AR (p < .001), while there was no significant difference in NCSA (p = 0.319). Regarding respiratory symptoms after OS, 26.3% showed improvement in nasal obstruction, 28.5% in oronasal breathing, 18.5% in snoring, and 5.2% in respiratory obstruction during sleep. However, a weak correlation between increased CSA and improvement of symptoms was observed. In the first decade, lower values of CSA (p < .001) and NCSA (p < .001) were observed compared to the second decade. Both periods showed a significant increase in CSA (p < .001).

Conclusions

Nasal dimensions and breathing symptoms were improved by OS when combined with turbinectomy. Comparing the results of patients operated on between two different decades, patients had more favorable conditions for breathing in the most recent decade of care. However, this was not statistically correlated with the improvement in patient symptoms in this study.
“They Keep an Eye on You”: Minority Pressure and its Implications for Dual Identity Among Six Immigrant Groups in the Netherlands
Authors: Cárdenas Diana , Fleischmann Fenella
Published: December 2022

The present study analyses perceived pressure to conform to minority group norms and examines its implications for identity (in-)compatibility among six immigrant groups in the Netherlands ( N = 5,783). We analyzed whether orientation toward the majority and minority and the perceived diversity climate explained individual and group differences in perceived minority pressure. Subsequently, we estimated multigroup models to examine whether perceived pressure moderated the association between minority and majority identifications. We found substantial group differences in perceived pressure that were not well explained by orientation toward the majority and minority groups, or the perceived diversity climate. Immigrants who had spent a larger proportion of their life in the receiving society experienced more, but those who had more work experience in the Netherlands experienced less pressure. Perceived pressure was higher the more the Netherlands was perceived as hospitable for immigrants, but also at higher levels of perceived intergroup hostility. Minority and majority group identifications were negatively associated across all six immigrant groups, but only among the Moroccan-Dutch did perceived pressure significantly moderate this association. Specifically, identifications became more compatible (i.e., more positively associated) at lower levels of pressure, a trend that we also observed among all other groups except the Turkish-Dutch; yet in these groups the interaction, though similar in magnitude and direction, was not statistically significant. We concluded that minority group dynamics may contribute to the (in-)compatibility of multiple group identifications, but more research is needed to understand the group characteristics that explain perceived minority pressure and its implications for minority members’ identification patterns.
Destination loyalty and pandemic risks: Revisiting the study of tourist loyalty during the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Herrero-Crespo Ángel , San Martín-Gutiérrez Héctor , Collado-Agudo Jesús , García-de-los-Salmones-Sánchez María-del-Mar
Published: December 2022

This paper examines how tourist behaviour is conditioned by the COVID-19 pandemic, developing a theoretical framework that considers not only traditional variables such as image, satisfaction, and variety seeking, but also the risks perceived during a pandemic to better explain loyalty towards a tourist destination. Moreover, the paper explores whether the effects of these variables differ in loyalty formation if people who consider visiting a destination in their country again are compared to people who contemplate travelling again to an international destination. Empirical evidence from a survey sample comprising more than 1000 Spanish tourists shows that pandemic-related risks differently influence the tourist loyalty dimensions intention to revisit and recommend both a national destination (441 respondents) and an international destination (600 respondents). Finally, affective image and satisfaction are the main drivers of loyalty in both subsamples.
Polyarchy and project performance in open, distributed forms of innovation
Authors: Lee Junyeong , Park Sangchan , Lee Heeseok
Published: December 2022

Although research on open collaboration for innovation has generally focused on the voluntary participation of individuals who are not strictly governed by formal authority concentrated at higher levels of organizational hierarchy, more recent studies highlight the importance of exploring how their tasks should be organized to enhance performance outcomes. This study extends this line of work by conceptualizing polyarchy as a decentralized decision-making structure that directs how core members of a project team screen a large collection of novel ideas generated by team members, and empirically examining whether and how polyarchy affects task completion time. In the context of online projects for open-source software development at GitHub, we find that a polyarchical decision-making structure reduces task completion time. Closer examination also shows that this positive effect on decision-making speed becomes stronger when tasks are explorative rather than exploitative in nature. Implications for open, distributed models of innovation and nontraditional forms of decision-making structures are discussed.
The relationship of light exposure to sleep outcomes among office workers. Part 1: Working in the office versus at home before and during the COVID-pandemic
Authors: Aries MBC , Fischl G , Lowden A , Beute F
Published: December 2022

The relationship between everyday light exposure and sleep was studied for office workers. The study was conducted during the upswing of the COVID-19 pandemic, enabling a comparison between Office and Home Workdays. Fifteen full-time office employees were monitored for a period of 4–6 weeks. They wore a light-tracking device on their clothes and had a sleep tracker at home. Compared to an Office Workday, light exposure was lower in the afternoon and total sleep time was almost 5 minutes longer on a Home Workday. Sleep efficiency was the same on both workday types. A higher median illuminance level in the afternoon was significantly related to later sleep onset on an Office Workday. Higher median illuminance levels in the morning were related to earlier awakening. Counter to expectations, higher light levels in the evening were also related to earlier awakening. Everyday light exposure matters for sleep quality but may affect circadian functioning differently than the often more extreme light interventions employed in laboratory experiments. Moreover, differences in outcomes between Office and Home Workdays signal the need for further investigation to provide supportive light levels during workhours.
European Men's Club Football in the Eyes of Consumers: The Determinants of Television Broadcast Demand
Authors: Macedo Anthony , Ferreira Dias Marta , Mourão Paulo Reis
Published: December 2022

Using stated preferences, this study estimates the determinants of television broadcast demand for current European men's club football competitions and a hypothetical European Super League. The results suggest that demand increases for most competitions with the consumer's level of interest, the accessibility to the matches, and the consumer being fan of a club playing in that competition. No support to the uncertainty-of-outcome hypothesis is found, as perceived competitive balance does not increase demand for most competitions. Conversely, the perception of quality of game played tends to be a more important driver of demand, influencing more competitions and having a larger impact.