bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Iniciação Desportiva: uma abordagem teórica
Authors: Chivicowsky Suzete
Published: January 2022

Este estudo teve como objetivo abordar aspectos importantes a serem observados na iniciação desportiva, que propiciarão um desenvolvimento geral de toda a potencialidade da criança e, ao mesmo tempo, formarão a base para um trabalho esportivo especifico. Pode-se afirmar que o domínio dos movimentos considerados básicos, torna a criança apta a organizar da melhor forma possível uma compo­sição complexa de qualquer movimento. Ao mesmo tempo, aprendera mais rapidamente aquele que tiver uma grande variedade de experiên­cias a nível de habilidades motoras básicas. Portanto, torna-se im­portante um trabalho, na iniciaçao desportiva, que leve em consideração os requisitos citados, para que a criança alcance um nivel de desenvolvimento motor que capacita a rápida e fácil aprendizagem dos movimentos esportivos mais complexos. Ao mesmo tempo ela se tornara capaz de utilizar a técnica com facilidade, e a solucionar problemas de "tempo" e "espaço" que se apresentam nas várias situações de jo­go.
Um resgate histórico do LABIOMEC na história do CEFD 50 anos: parte 2
Authors: Mota Carlos Bolli , Soares Juliana Corrêa , Rossato Carla Emilia , Pivetta Franciele Marques , Da Silva Marta Cristina Rodrigues , Silveira Mateus Corrêa , De Souza Gabriela dos Santos , Meereis-Lemos Estele Caroline Welter , Barbosa Igor Martins , Löbell Rose , Machado Rafaela Oliveira , Saccol Michele Forgiarini
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um pouco da história e da evolução do Laboratório de Biomecânica (LABIOMEC) ao longo dos 50 anos do Centro de Educação Física e Desportos (CEFD) da Universidade Federal da Santa Maria. Para tanto foram realizadas buscas em documentos físicos e arquivos digitais no período de 1970 até os dias atuais em relação ao LABIOMEC em artigos, trabalhos em eventos, monografias de graduação, especialização, dissertações e teses. O artigo foi subdividido em duas partes e nesta segunda é realizado o resgate histórico da evolução técnico-científica ocorrida nas linhas de pesquisa da cinemática e cinética, controle postural e eletromiografia, encerrando com as atividades de divulgação científica realizadas no National Biomechanics Day. A importância desse relato é permitir que parte da história do LABIOMEC e das pessoas que realizaram suas atividades no laboratório como docentes ou discentes fique registrada de forma permanente.
EFEITOS DE UH PROGRAMA ESPECIFICO DE ATIVIDADES FlSICAS NO RENDIMENTO ESCOLAR DE CRIANÇAS QUE APRESENTAM OU NAO PROBLEMAS DE LATERALIDADE CRUZADA
Authors: Romeiro Elaine
Published: January 2022

: Este estudo foi desenvolvido a fim de averiguar o efeito de um PROGRAMA ESPECÍFICO DE EdUCAÇAO FÍSICA NO RENDIMENTO ESCOLAR DE CRI­ANÇAS PORTADORAS OU NAO DE,LATERAL IDADE CRUZADA, Os SUJEITOS FORAM 115 ESCOLARES, NA FAIXA ETÁRIA DE 7 A 9 ANOS, DE AMBOS OS SEXOS, CUR SANDO A 2! E A 3! SERIE DO l2 GRAU EM ESCOLAS PUBLICAS DE PORTO AlE~ GRE/RS. Os INSTRUMENTOS UTILIZADOS FORAM: 0 TESTE DE LATERALIDADE, 0 TESTE DE PIAGET-HEAD E OS CONCEIJOS OBTIDOS PELOS ALUNOS DURANTE 0 ANO LETIVO. 0 ESTUDO TEVE A DURAÇÃO DE 8 MESES, E_M ESCOLAS ESTADUAIS de Porto Alegre, com_eqüivalente nível sócio-econõmico e o programa ESPECÍFICO DE EDUCAÇAO FÍSICA FOI APLICADO PELA PROPRIA AUTORA. ESTA PESQUISA FOI DE,NATUREZA EXPERIMENTAL, COM MEDIDAS INICIAIS E FINAIS SOB FORMA DE PRE E PÓS-TESTE E, PARA A ANALISE DOS DADOS, FOI UTILI­ZADO o teste "t" de Student. Os resultados mostraram que os dados em píricos não confirmaram as suposições na sua totalidade. NÃO SE VERiFICOU MELHORIA NO RENDIMENTO ESCOLAR, NÃO FOI SIGNIFICATIVA A MELHO­RIA DO DESEMPENHO DO ALUNO_NO RESULTADO DO TESTE PIAGET-HEAD. 0 PRO­GRAMA ESPECÍFICO DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA CAUSOU EFEITOS POSITIVOS NA DEFi NIÇÃO DA LATERALIDADE.
ATIVIDADE FÍSICA, COMPOSIÇÃO DA DIETA E GORDURA CORPORAL EM INDIVÍDUOS ADULTOS
Authors: Guedes Dartagnan Pinto
Published: January 2022

O estudo analisa associações entre composição da dieta, níveis de prática da atividade física e gordura corporal em indivíduos adultos. A amostra utilizada constituiu-se de 62 sujeitos com idades entre 20 e 45 anos. Informações acerca da composição da dieta foram obtidas a partir de registros dietéticos por um período de 7 dias consecutivos, sendo estabelecidas estimativas quanto ao suprimento energético médio/dia e proporções da quantidade de calorias proveniente dos carboidratos, dos lipídios e das proteínas. O nível de prática da atividade física foi estabelecido mediante estimativas da demanda energética correspondente as atividades físicas do cotidiano e o consumo máximo de oxigênio. Como indicadores de gordura corporal recorreu- se as informações do índice de massa corporal, da quantidade de gordura relativa ao peso corporal e da relação circunferência de cintura/quadril. Os resultados encontrados indicaram que, em ambos os sexos, as proporções relativa do suprimento energético proveniente dos lipídios e dos carboidratos apresentaram maior participação na variação da quantidade de gordura corporal que a hiperfagia. O nível de prática da atividade física foi identificado como principal determinante da adiposidade. Juntas as duas variáveis de atividade física responderam por entre 45% e 73% da variação da quantidade de gordura corporal. Conclui-se que a composição da dieta e o nível de prática da atividade física podem desempenhar importante papel nos depósitos de gordura corporal.
ESPORTE CLUBE SÃO JOSÉ DE PORTO ALEGRE (RS): A BUSCA PELA SUA SEDE DEFINITIVA (1913-1940)
Authors: Da Silva Carolina Fernandes , De Moraes Ronaldo Dreissig , Mazo Janice Zarpellon
Published: January 2022

O Esporte Clube São José foi fundado em 1913, pela iniciativa de estudantes do Colégio São José de Porto Alegre visando à prática do futebol. O clube migrou por diversos locais em Porto Alegre até adquirir em 1939 o terreno de sua atual sede. O objetivo da pesquisa é reconstruir as memórias do Esporte Clube São José, especificamente no que diz respeito a sua mobilidade espacial, desde sua fundação em 1913 até 1940, quando inaugurou o estádio próprio. As fontes analisadas foram o livro comemorativo do clube, reportagens de jornais e revistas. Percebeu-se que as trocas constantes de sede do clube estão relacionadas com o processo de urbanização de Porto Alegre. A expansão da cidade influenciou na troca de sedes e na própria organização do clube, já que ficaram cada vez mais disputados espaços com grande área, como campos de futebol, pela construção civil.
Women Leading the Way
Authors: Holgate Laura S.H. , Pletukhina Inna , Reichert Michelle , Udum Şebnem , Humphrey Ashley A.
Published: January 2022

As a feature of this issue, we asked some of the most notable women in the nuclear security profession to share their stories. Knowing that other women overcame circumstances that women still face instills hope, shows leadership, and provides mentorship to us all.
Evaluation and Improvement of Nuclear Security Measures at a Radiological Facility in Morocco
Authors: Jemmal Halima , Choukri Abdelmajid , Mouhib Mohammed
Published: January 2022

Nuclear security combines both concepts of physical security and security culture within a nuclear facility to protect people, property, society and the environment from harmful effects of ionization radiation. Physical security means prevention, detection, and response to unauthorized removal, sabotage, and/or illegal transfer involving radioactive sources and nuclear material. Nuclear security culture is the human factor within the nuclear field which is considered a principal means to support and enhance nuclear security system. This paper presents a study of nuclear security system already established within a radiological facility considering concepts such as: deter, detect, delay, and response layers. This study focuses on nuclear security culture in order to assess, improve, and complement existing nuclear security practices.
Who Are Our Fans: An Application of Principal Component-Cluster Technique Analysis to Market Segmentation of College Football Fans
Authors: Rascher Daniel A. , Cortsen Kenneth , Nagel Mark S. , Richardson Tiffany
Published: January 2022

A 66-question online marketing survey of 2,800 football fans who had purchased tickets to a Division I, Power 5 (P5) university football game was conducted in order to understand the fan base and provide better services and targeted marketing. Principal Component Analysis was employed to combine responses from multiple questions about purchase behavior, on-site satisfaction, demographics, and other criteria. Subsequent market segmentation via cluster analysis indicated that 95% of the survey respondents could be categorized into one of five clusters. The identified fan perceptions and evaluations resulted in the P5 athletic department taking specific actions to improve targeted marketing activities and enhance game-day experiences, including improving the quality and diversity of food offerings, ensuring smoother ingress and egress, offering more precise ticket packages, and targeting groups through relevant marketing channels. The current research notes the importance of utilizing precision marketing efforts to target specific clusters and then providing appropriate tangible and intangible products and services to maximize initial sales, improve fan experience, and increase the likelihood of repeat purchases.
Pakistan’s Genocide in Bengal and Limited War in Balochistan, 1971–1977
Authors: Butt Ahsan I.
Published: January 2022

This chapter examines why the Pakistani state was so much more indiscriminate and extreme in its use of violence against Bengali secessionists in 1971 than Baloch secessionists three years later. It reveals that the primary reason for the variation in state strategy was the perceived differential in third-party support. The chapter then details how the Bengali movement was deemed to be operating hand-in-glove with the Indian state, while by contrast, the Baloch only received sanctuary from Afghanistan. This distinction between moderate and high levels of third-party support meant that the Bengali movement was deemed a much more significant threat to Pakistan's external security than the Baloch movement was. The chapter also looks at the decision makers and soldiers on the ground who were more aggressive and violent in East Pakistan than they were in Balochistan. It recounts Bangladesh's hard-won freedom from Pakistan and explores how it resulted in significant political instability.
Intracranial Metastatic Tumor Hemorrhage During MRI Scanning
Authors: Rao Wei , Mao Jin-long , Cao Wei-dong
Published: January 2025

This case report describes the presentation and progression of hyperacute active hemorrhage related to an intracranial metastatic tumor as captured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Multi‐omics profiling reveals key factors involved in Ewing sarcoma metastasis
Authors: Chicón‐Bosch Mariona , Sánchez‐Serra Sara , Rosàs‐Lapeña Marta , Costa‐Fraga Nicolás , Besalú‐Velázquez Judit , Illa‐Bernadí Janet , Mateo‐Lozano Silvia , Cidre‐Aranaz Florencia , Grünewald Thomas G.P. , Díaz‐Lagares Ángel , Lopez‐Alemany Roser , Tirado Òscar M.
Published: January 2025

Ewing sarcoma (EWS) is the second most common bone tumor affecting children and young adults, with dismal outcomes for patients with metastasis at diagnosis. Mechanisms leading to metastasis remain poorly understood. To deepen our knowledge on EWS progression, we have profiled tumors and metastases from a spontaneous metastasis mouse model using a multi‐omics approach. Combining transcriptomics, proteomics, and methylomics analyses, we identified signaling cascades and candidate genes enriched in metastases that could be modulating aggressiveness in EWS. Phenotypical validation of two of these candidates, cyclic AMP‐responsive element‐binding protein 1 (CREB1) and lipoxygenase homology domain‐containing protein 1 (LOXHD1), showed an association with migration and clonogenic abilities. Moreover, previously described CREB1 downstream targets were present amongst the metastatic‐enriched results. Combining the different omics datasets, we identified FYVE, RhoGEF, and PH domain‐containing protein 4 (FGD4) as a CREB1 target interconnecting the different EWS biological layers (RNA, protein and methylation status) and whose high expression is associated with worse clinical outcome. Further studies will provide insight into EWS metastasis mechanisms and ultimately improve survival rates for EWS patients.
Evidence of Relativistic Field‐Derivative Torque in Nonlinear THz Response of Magnetization Dynamics
Authors: Dutta Arpita , Tzschaschel Christian , Priyadarshi Debankit , Mikuni Kouki , Satoh Takuya , Mondal Ritwik , Pal Shovon
Published: January 2025

Understanding the complete light‐spin interactions in magnetic systems is the key to manipulating the magnetization using optical means at ultrafast timescales. The selective addressing of spins by THz electromagnetic fields via Zeeman torque is one of the most successful ultrafast means of controlling magnetic excitations. Here it is showed that this traditional Zeeman torque on the spins is not sufficient, rather an additional relativistic field‐derivative torque is essential to realize the observed magnetization dynamics. This is accomplished by exploring the ultrafast nonlinear magnetization dynamics of rare‐earth, Bi‐doped iron garnet when excited by two co‐propagating THz pulses. First, by exciting the sample with an intense THz pulse and probing the magnetization dynamics using magneto‐optical Faraday effect, the collective exchange resonance mode is found between rare‐earth and transition metal sublattices at 0.48 THz. Further, the magnetization dynamics are explored via the THz time‐domain spectroscopic means. It is found that the observed nonlinear trace of the magnetic response cannot be mapped to the magnetization precession induced by the Zeeman torque, while the Zeeman torque supplemented by an additional field‐derivative torque follows the experimental evidences. This breakthrough enhances the comprehension of ultra‐relativistic effects and paves the way toward novel technologies harnessing light‐induced control over magnetic systems.
Asymmetric S Heteroatom Coordinated Dual‐Atom Catalysts and Coupled Anodic Sulfion Oxidation to Boost Electrocatalysis Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Wang Jun , Liu Xiaomei , Ma Chengbo , Duan Xiaoguang , Li Shuai , Li Ning , Liu Wen , Li Yang , Fan Xiaobin , Peng Wenchao
Published: January 2025

Considering the exceptional electronic regulation capability, p‐block elements can be used to regulate the charge density of traditional transition metal catalysts. In this work, CoGa‐NS‐C dual‐atom catalysts (DACs) are successfully synthesized through co‐precipitation and post‐annealing treatment. The atomic dispersion of Co and Ga and the synergistic coordination structure of CoN3S1 and GaN4 are confirmed by AC‐TEM, EXAFS, and XPS. Due to the steric hindrance effect of adsorbed *OH on the Ga site and the asymmetric S heteroatom coordination on Co species, the adsorption energy of *OOH intermediation on neighboring Co is thus enhanced greatly, resulting in the enhancement of the 2e‐ORR pathway. Besides, *OOH and Co─OH intermediates are detected by in situ FT‐IR and EC‐SHINERS spectroscopy. A high H2O2 selectivity of 90.3% and a fast H2O2 production rate of 1.12 mol h−1 g−1 can be reached. In addition, the cathodic oxygen reduction is used to couple with sulfion oxidation reaction (SOR) instead of the energy‐intensive OER reaction. In this coupling system, the SOR potential is 1.31 V lower than the OER process at the current intensity of 100 mA. Both the proposed dual‐atom DACs regulation strategy by p‐block elements and the ORR‐SOR coupling system are beneficial for achieving efficient and energy‐effective 2e‐ORR.
Constructing Robust and Efficient Ceramic Cells Air Electrodes Through Collaborative Optimization Bulk and Surface Phases
Authors: Zhang Ying , Wang Yibei , Liu Zhilin , Wang Zhen , Wang Yaowen , Xiao Youcheng , Niu Bingbing , Wang Xiyang , Wang Wenquan , He Tianmin
Published: January 2025

Slow reaction kinetics of air electrodes is a common problem faced by low‐temperature (<650 °C) oxygen‐ion conducting solid oxide fuel cells (O‐SOFCs) and proton‐conducting reversible proton ceramic cells (R‐PCCs). Here, an innovative approach is proposed to design and prepare two efficient and durable Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3−δ (BSCF)‐based nanocomposites through self‐reconstruction strategy, which aim to optimize both the bulk and surface properties of electrode materials simultaneously. Specifically, the two nanocomposites with a nominal composition of Ba0.4Sr0.5Cs0.1Co0.7Fe0.2M0.1O3−δ (M═Ni, Zr) consisted of the major perovskite phase and surface‐enriched NiO and BaZrO3 minor phases. When Ba0.4Sr0.5Cs0.1Co0.7Fe0.2Ni0.1O3−δ (BSCsCFNi) is used as an air electrode in O‐SOFCs, the peak power density is 1.36 W cm−2 at 650 °C; while Ba0.4Sr0.5Cs0.1Co0.7Fe0.2Zr0.1O3−δ (BSCsCFZr) is used in R‐PCCs, a peak power density of 1.24 W cm−2 and a current density of −1.98 A cm−2 (1.3 V) are achieved at 650 °C, and exhibits stable reversibility over 100 h. Theoretical calculations and experiments indicate that Cs+ doping enhances the bulk conduction of oxygen ions and protons; NiO nanoparticles enhance oxygen adsorption and surface exchange; BaZrO3 nanoparticles increase steam adsorption and hydration capacity. This study provides a new idea for designing efficient and durable air electrodes of ceramic cells.
A Flexible Photovoltaic Fatigue Factor for Quantification of Mechanical Device Performance
Authors: Sun Lulu , Fukuda Kenjiro , Guo Ruiqi , Castriotta Luigi A. , Forberich Karen , Zhou Yinhua , Someya Takao , Brabec Christoph J. , Almora Osbel
Published: January 2025

Flexible emerging photovoltaic technologies, such as organic and perovskite photovoltaics, hold great potential for integration into tents, wearable electronics, and other portable applications. Recently, Fukuda et al. (2024) propose a bending test protocol for standardizing the mechanical performance characterization of flexible solar cells, focusing on 1% strain over 1 000 bending cycles. This marked an important step toward establishing consistency and good practices in the literature. However, even with this unified protocol, accurately comparing the mechanical flexibility of solar cells is hindered by the variated influence of parameters like thickness, bending radius, and power conversion efficiency (PCE) evolution during mechanical testing. Herein, a new figure of merit is introduced, the flexible photovoltaic fatigue factor (F), which integrates PCE retention, strain, and bending cycles into a cohesive framework. Guided by a detailed multilayer mechanical model, this metric enables more accurate strain analysis and promotes consistent reporting, paving the way for performance optimization in flexible photovoltaics.
The Printed Path to Healing: Advancing Wound Dressings through Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Galvão Duarte Joana , Piedade Ana Paula , Sarmento Bruno , Mascarenhas‐Melo Filipa
Published: January 2025

Wound care challenges healthcare systems worldwide as traditional dressings often fall short in addressing the diverse and complex nature of wound healing. Given conventional treatments limitations, innovative alternatives are urgent. Additive manufacturing (AM) has emerged as a distinct and transformative approach for developing advanced wound dressings, offering unprecedented functionality and customization. Besides exploring the AM processes state‐of‐the‐art, this review comprehensively examines the application of AM to produce cellular‐compatible and bioactive, therapeutic agent delivery, patient‐centric, and responsive dressings. This review distinguishes itself from the published literature by covering a variety of wound types and by summarizing important data, including used materials, process/technology, printing parameters, and findings from in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies. The prospects of AM in enhancing wound healing outcomes are also analyzed in a translational and cost‐effective manner.
Dynamically Assembling Magnetic Nanochains as New Generation of Swarm‐Type Magneto‐Mechanical Nanorobots Affecting Biofilm Integrity
Authors: Kralj Slavko , Da Silva Charlotte , Nemec Sebastjan , Caf Maja , Fourquaux Isabelle , Rols Marie‐Pierre , Golzio Muriel , Mertelj Alenka , Kolosnjaj‐Tabi Jelena
Published: January 2025

Bacterial resistance is gaining ground and novel, unconventional strategies are required to improve antibiotic treatments. As a synthetic analog of planktonic bacilli, the natural bacterial swimmers that can penetrate bacterial biofilms, ultra‐short propelling magnetic nanochains are presented as bioinspired magnetic nanorobots, enhancing the antibiotic treatment in biofilm‐forming Staphylococcus epidermidis. Propelling nanochains, activated by a low intensity (<20 mT) and low frequency (<10 Hz) rotating magnetic field (RMF), prompt the otherwise resistant biofilm‐forming bacteria to become sensitive to methicillin, resulting in the killing of 99.99% of bacteria. While magnetic force‐driven spherical magnetic nanoparticles were previously reported as unidirectional biofilm channel diggers, propelling nanochains emerge as second‐generation magnetic nanorobots, which, due to their magnetic core, shape anisotropy, and negative zeta potential, combine magnetic responsiveness, torque‐driven movement, and attractive electrostatic interactions to attach to bacterial aggregates and multi‐directionally protrude throughout the biofilm, indulging mechanical forces. These synergistic effects, in combination with an antibiotic drug, destroy the bacterial extracellular matrix and eradicate the formed biofilm, as confirmed with several complementary techniques.
Regulating Supramolecular Assembly and Disassembly of Chitosan toward Efficiently Antibacterial Lubricous and Biodegradable Hydrogel Urinary Catheters
Authors: Guo Yicheng , He Qitong , Al‐Handawi Marieh B. , Chen Tao , Naumov Panče , Zhang Lidong
Published: January 2025

Urinary catheters serve as critical medical devices in clinical practice. However, the currently used urinary catheters lack efficient antibacterial and lubricating properties, often leading to discomfort with patients and even severe urinary infections. Herein, a new strategy of supramolecular assembly and disassembly of chitosan (Cs) is developed that enables efficient antibacterial lubricous and biodegradable hydrogel urinary catheters. Sodium lauryl sulfonate (SLS) is employed to induce supramolecular assembly on the surface of Cs film strips in an aqueous solution, resulting in the formation of hollow hydrogel catheters of Cs@SLS. Subsequent disassembly in a strong alkaline solution eliminates the SLS component, yielding neat Cs hydrogel catheters. The mechanical strength of these catheters reaches 16 MPa, exceeding that of similar devices made of plastics. The Cs hydrogel catheters are endowed with high antibacterial activity, capable of inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Proteus mirabilis(P. mirabilis) on its surface, while these bacteria are found to proliferate rapidly on plastic catheters within 24 h. They also demonstrate excellent lubricity, with a friction coefficient approaching zero, and thus about 13 times lower than that of plastic catheters. In vivo tests further confirm the biodegradability of the catheters, highlighting their strong potential for clinical applications.
Responsive Degradable Bottlebrush Polymers Enable Drugs With Superior Efficacy and Minimal Systemic Toxicity
Authors: Shao Liming , Zhang Hongrui , Sun Lei , Ning Lubin , Sun Xiuying , Qin Chaoke , Xu Wenhua , Xu Rui , Jia Fei
Published: January 2025

Bottlebrush polymers (BBPs) have garnered significant attention as advanced drug delivery systems, capable of transporting a diverse range of therapeutic agents, including both chemical drugs and biologics. Despite their effectiveness, the empty BBP vectors post‐drug release may pose long‐term safety risks due to their difficult systemic clearance. Here, a responsive degradable BBP platform for cancer therapy is developed, featuring a poly(disulfide) backbone grafted with fluorine‐terminated zwitterionic side chains. Anti‐cancer drugs are tethered to the backbone via a clinically approved valine‐citrulline (VC) linker. This design leverages the tumor's reductive environment and Cathepsin B overexpression for BBP rapid degradation and precise drug release restricted within tumor cells, thereby addressing systemic safety concerns over synthetic BBP and expanding the therapeutic window of anti‐cancer drugs simultaneously. Surface fluorination of BBP further enhances tumor accumulation and deep penetration. In vivo studies with monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE)‐loaded BBP in tumor‐bearing mice demonstrate substantial tumor suppression with minimal side effects. Together, these findings highlight the potential of responsive degradable BBP as a versatile unimolecular platform for cancer drug delivery, addressing existing challenges associated with synthetic BBP nanomedicines.
Transformation‐Invariant Laplacian Metadevices Robust to Environmental Variation
Authors: Huang Yao , Zhang Jingjing , Yang Qianru , Meng Lingsheng , Yang Tianzhi , Qiu Cheng‐Wei , Luo Yu
Published: January 2025

As one of the typical applications of metamaterials, the invisibility cloak has raised vast research interests. After many years’ research efforts, the invisibility cloak has extended its applicability from optics and acoustics to electrostatics and thermal diffusion. One scientific challenge that has significantly restricted the practical application of the invisibility cloak is the strong background dependence, that is, all passive cloaking devices realized thus far are unable to resist variation in the background refractive index. To tackle such a challenge, the concept of transformation‐invariant metamaterials (TIMs) is applied to static‐field systems and shows that, for any physical fields governed by Laplace equation, judiciously designed TIMs can be used to realize invisibility cloaks robust to the environment variation. As an experimental proof, an ideal direct current (DC) cloak‐is implemented based on TIMs and near‐field measurement results demonstrate that such a cloak can successfully conceal a large‐scale object when the background conductivity varies from 22 to 859 kS m−1. Moreover, the background‐immune cloaking effect is observed under arbitrary electric sources. The approach proposed in this work can be also applied to static magnetics, thermal diffusion, and beyond, enabling robust isolation of the target from the external field in versatile application scenarios.
Designing Current Collectors to Stabilize Li Metal Anodes
Authors: Hao Zhimeng , Lu Yong , Yang Gaojing , Zhao Qi , Yan Zhenhua , Chen Jun
Published: January 2025

Rechargeable batteries employing Li metal anodes have gained increasing attention due to their high energy density. Nevertheless, low stability and reversibility of Li metal anodes severely impeded their practical applications. Designing current collectors (CCs) with reasonable structure and composition is an efficient approach to stabilizing the Li metal anodes. However, an in‐depth comprehensive understanding about the design principles and modification strategies of CCs for realizing stable Li metal anodes is still lacking. Herein, a critical review focusing on the rational design of CCs for Li metal anodes is summarized. First, the requirements for CCs in Li metal anodes are elucidated to clarify the design objectives of CCs. Then, the modification strategies of CCs including lithiophilic site modification, 3D architecture construction, protective layer modification, and crystalline plane engineering, as well as the corresponding principles are highlighted. On this basis, the recent progress in the development of CCs for Li metal anodes is discussed. Finally, future directions are suggested to focus on developing operando monitoring technology, and designing the CCs and cells under practical conditions close to the requirements of commercial applications. This review will spur more insightful researches toward advanced CCs, and promote their commercialization.
Passive Isothermal Flexible Sensor Enabled by Smart Thermal‐Regulating Aerogels
Authors: Zhong Shenjie , Lu Bohan , Wang Duan‐Chao , Arianpour Brian , Wang Shaolei , Han Haiyu , Yin Junyi , Bao Hong , Liu Yina , Wen Zhen , Zhou Yunlei
Published: January 2025

Environmentally induced sensor temperature fluctuations can distort the outputs of a sensor, reducing their stability during long‐term health monitoring. Here, a passive isothermal flexible sensor is proposed by using hierarchical cellulose aerogel (HCA) as the top tribonegative layer, which allows the sensor to adapt dynamic thermal environments through both radiative cooling and heat insulation. The radiative cooling effect can cool down the temperatures of a sensor in summer, while the hollow microfibers in HCA provide ultralow thermal conductivity to reduce internal heat loss in winter. The prepared passive isothermal sensor is capable of maintaining the rated working temperature over an extensive temperature range of 0−100 °C, demonstrating for gripping hot and cold objects. While monitoring human movements under direct sunlight, the temperature of a conventional sensor rose by 12.3 °C, whereas the sensor experienced an increase of only 0.3 °C. Therefore, this work presents a promising strategy for adapting to environments, enabling wearable electronics to function effectively in dynamic thermal conditions.
Ultrafast Lithium‐Ion Transport Engineered by Nanoconfinement Effect
Authors: Yang Yahan , Li Zefeng , Yang Zhilin , Zhang Qiannan , Chen Qian , Jiao Yuying , Wang Zixuan , Zhang Xiaokun , Zhai Pengbo , Sun Zhimei , Xiang Yong , Gong Yongji
Published: January 2025

Amid the burgeoning demand for electrochemical energy storage and neuromorphic computing, fast ion transport behavior has attracted widespread attention at both fundamental and practical levels. Here, based on the nanoconfined channel of graphene oxide laminar membranes (GOLMs), the lithium ionic conductivity typically exceeding 102 mS cm−1 is realized, one to three orders of magnitude higher than traditional liquid or solid lithium‐ion electrolyte. Specifically, the nanoconfined lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6)‐ethylene carbonate (EC)/ dimethyl carbonate (DMC) electrolyte demonstrates the ionic conductivity of 170 mS cm−1, outperforming the bulk counterpart by ≈16 fold. At the ultralow temperature of −60 °C, the nanoconfined electrolyte also maintains a practically useful conductivity of 11 mS cm−1. Furthermore, the in situ experimental and theoretical framework enables to attribute the enhanced ionic conductivity to the layer‐by‐layer cations and anions distribution induced by high surface charge and nanoconfinement effects in GO nanochannels. More importantly, integrating such rapid lithium‐ion transport nanochannel into the LiFePO4 (LFP) cathode significantly improves the high‐rate and long‐cycle performance of lithium batteries. These results exhibit the convention‐breaking ionic conductivity of nanoconfined electrolytes, inspiring the development of ultrafast ion diffusion pathways based on 2D nanoconfined channels for efficient energy storage applications.
A Resettable and Reprogrammable 3‐Input/3‐Output Biomolecular Keypad Lock Based on Stimulus‐Responsive Enzymatically Imprinted Polymer Film Electrodes
Authors: Lian Wenjing , Cui Chengxing , Lin Junyi , Wang Menghan , Liu Hongyun
Published: January 2025

A complex biomolecular logic system based on stimulus‐responsive enzymatically imprinted polymer is constructed for the first time. Glucose oxidase (GOD) is served as the template to construct the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) with N‐isopropylacrylamide (NiPAAm) as the thermo‐sensitive monomer. The prepared MIP film electrodes demonstrate reversible GOD‐, temperature‐, and glucose‐sensitive on‐off electrochemiluminescence (ECL) behaviors toward luminol. Moreover, the addition of ferrocenedicarboxylic acid (Fc(COOH)2) into the luminol solution can enhance the ECL signal of the system and produce cyclic voltametric (CV) signals at GOD‐free MIP film electrodes. Based on these experiments, a 4‐input/5‐output biomolecular logic gate is established with GOD, temperature, glucose and Fc(COOH)2 as inputs and the simultaneous ECL and CV responses as outputs. On the same platform, some functional non‐Boolean logic devices such as encoder, decoder and demultiplexer are also constructed. In particular, a 3‐input/3‐output biomolecular keypad lock with resettability and reprogrammability is built based on this enzymatically imprinted polymer film electrodes for the first time. This work may provide a new avenue to realize more complex and efficient enzymatic logic calculation with a simple platform, and can further expand this system in biomolecular recognition and bioinformation storage.
RTN4IP1 Contributes to ESCC via Regulation of Amino Acid Transporters
Authors: Wei Huifang , Zhao Dengyun , Zhi Yafei , Wu Qiong , Ma Jing , Xu Jialuo , Liu Tingting , Zhang Jing , Wang Penglei , Hu Yamei , He Xinyu , Guo Fangqin , Jiang Ming , Zhang Dandan , Nie Wenna , Yang Ran , Zhao Tongjin , Dong Zigang , Liu Kangdong
Published: January 2025

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) accounts for about 90% of esophageal cancer cases. The lack of effective therapeutic targets makes it difficult to improve the overall survival of patients with ESCC. Reticulon 4 Interacting Protein 1 (RTN4IP1) is a novel mitochondrial oxidoreductase. Here, a notable upregulation of RTN4IP1 is demonstrated, which is associated with poor survival in patients with ESCC. RTN4IP1 depletion impairs cell proliferation and induces apoptosis of ESCC cells. Furthermore, c‐Myc regulates RTN4IP1 expression via iron regulatory protein 2 (IRP2) at the post‐transcriptional level. Mechanistically, RTN4IP1 mRNA harbors functional iron‐responsive elements (IREs) in the 3′ UTR, which can be targeted by IRP2, resulting in increased mRNA stability. Finally, RTN4IP1 depletion abrogates amino acid uptake and induces amino acid starvation via downregulation of the amino acid transporters SLC1A5, SLC3A2, and SLC7A5, indicating a possible pathway through which RTN4IP1 contributes to ESCC carcinogenesis and progression. In vivo studies using cell‐derived xenograft and patient‐derived xenograft mouse models as well as a 4‐nitroquinoline 1‐oxide‐induced ESCC model in esophageal‐specific Rtn4ip1 knockout mice demonstrate the essential role of RTN4IP1 in ESCC development. Thus, RTN4IP1 emerges as a key cancer‐promoting protein in ESCC, suggesting therapeutic RTN4IP1 suppression as a promising strategy for ESCC treatment.
Atrazine sensitivity varies among soybean cultivars
Authors: Ramanathan Shwetha S. , Gannon Travis W. , Everman Wesley J. , Locke Anna M.
Published: January 2025

Atrazine carryover from application to a monocot crop may adversely affect soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) grown in rotation. Here, we tested the hypothesis that genotype selection could reduce atrazine carryover damage to soybean. Five commercially relevant soybean varieties were evaluated for differences in sensitivity to a range of atrazine rates using visual ratings, photosynthetic, and biomass parameters. Visual injury ratings and photosynthetic gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), and aboveground biomass were measured during vegetative stages. Under 9.0 g a.i. ha−1 atrazine, SH 5515 LL exhibited visual injury and aboveground fresh biomass reduction but was unaffected in net photosynthesis rate (A) and effective quantum yield of photosystem II (ϕPSII) compared to controls. By 21 days after emergence (DAE), P53A67X recovered in A and ϕPSII, and AG56X8 recovered in SPAD. S52RS86 remained unaffected visually and photosynthetically at this atrazine rate. All genotypes treated with 179.2 g a.i. ha−1 atrazine showed higher injury ratings and lower SPAD, A, and ϕPSII after 7 DAE and lower aboveground biomass 21 DAE except S52RS86, which was similar in SPAD throughout. Atrazine at 358.4 and 716.8 g a.i. ha−1 caused plant death in all genotypes 14 DAE. Visual ratings were strongly correlated with photosynthetic measurements and aboveground biomass at each sampling. Soybean atrazine sensitivity is a function of atrazine concentration in the soil and genotype‐specific tolerance or recovery ability, indicating that growers can select soybean genotypes that reduce risk when atrazine carryover is suspected.
Limited Benefit of Routine Clinical Follow‐Up for Relapse Detection in Diffuse Large B‐Cell Lymphoma Patients in Complete Remission Following First‐Line Treatment
Authors: Lassen Therese , Nielsen Torsten H. , von Heymann Annika , Nielsen Lene K. , Larsen Morten K. , Gang Anne O. , Johansen Christoffer , Pedersen Lars M.
Published: January 2025

Despite advances in treatment, approximately 15% of patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who achieve complete remission (CR) after first‐line therapy will experience a relapse. However, there is no consensus on the optimal follow‐up strategies for detecting relapse after achieving CR. This population‐based study, based on the Danish Lymphoma Registry (LYFO), identified a total of 1634 patients diagnosed with DLBCL between 2010 and 2017, including 105 patients who achieved CR following first‐line R‐CHOP‐like therapy and subsequently relapsed. The median follow‐up time was 6 years (range 3–8 years). Most cases of relapse were symptomatic (83%), with B symptoms and peripheral lymphadenopathy being the most common. Asymptomatic relapses were identified through physical examination (1%), blood tests (3%), or imaging findings (13%). The proportion of relapses identified outside routine visits was 70%. Only 5% of scheduled routine visits led to a relapse diagnosis, whereas 74% of unscheduled visits initiated by the patient outside routine follow‐up resulted in relapse detection. Our findings highlight that systematic, scheduled monitoring of patients in remission after first‐line treatment contributes only modestly to the early detection of disease recurrence. Future studies should explore alternative methods of relapse surveillance rather than relying solely on pre‐scheduled clinical follow‐up.
Orthorhombic Covalent Organic Frameworks with fmj Topology as Photocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Wang Wen‐Zhuang , Tian Peng‐Ju , Fu Yubin , Wan Xiaolong , Lei Xiaoling , Jia Chao , Liu Chao , Qi Qiao‐Yan , Xu Shun‐Qi , Zhao Xin
Published: January 2025

Three‐dimensional covalent organic frameworks (3D COFs), a class of highly porous crystalline polymers, have exhibited great potentials in many applications. However, the reported topologies of 3D COFs have been limited to high‐symmetry crystal systems, which significantly hindered the development of such functional materials. Herein, we demonstrate the first construction of four highly crystalline orthorhombic 3D COFs with an unprecedented fmj topology, based on judiciously choosing rotatable monomers. Notably, the square monomers in the unit cell of the fmj topological network adopt three different conformations, resulting in a highly complicated 3D network. Moreover, an isomeric pair (3DCOF‐CN and 3DCOF‐NC), differing only in the orientations of −C=N‐bonds, exhibit distinct optoelectronic properties, protonation abilities, and photocatalytic activities, which is the first time to reveal such isomeric effects in 3D COFs. Particularly, a difference of 32‐fold in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate was observed for the two isomers, with one achieving a superb rate up to ~31.1 mmol h−1 g−1. This work achieves the first construction of complex orthorhombic 3D COFs, and offers new insights for the development of 3D COF‐based high‐performance photocatalysts.
Reductive Carbon Materials: Tailoring Chemistry and Electronic Properties to Improve Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Begüm Yılmaz Elif , Oğuzhan Eren Enis , Horner Tim , Song Zihan , Sheidaei Yasaman , Siewert Inke , Senokos Evgeny , Giusto Paolo
Published: January 2025

The development of versatile strategies for preparing functional carbon materials is essential for advancing a wide range of applications in materials science. Precursor design plays a pivotal role in governing the chemistry and structure of carbon materials for target applications. In this work, we report the synthesis of Meldrum's acid derivatives through Knoevenagel condensation with aromatic heterocycles such as pyrrole, furan, and thiophene, which serve as precursors for carbonaceous materials with tailored chemical and electronic properties. The thermal condensation of these precursors proceeds via highly reactive, electron‐rich ketene intermediates, playing a crucial role in the formation of the carbon materials. The resulting heteroatom‐doped carbon materials exhibit tunable chemical, physico‐chemical, and structural properties, which we have correlated with their energy storage performances. Eventually, we deem this strategy of high interest for designing high‐performance carbonaceous materials with tunable properties for a broad range of applications, from electrochemical energy storage to conversion, water filtration, environmental remediation, and beyond.
Chitosan/Graphene Oxide/Ag Nanocomposites Loaded in Polyvinyl Alcohol Films as Biodegradable, UV‐Blocking, and Antibacterial Film for Fruit Packaging
Authors: Tran Nhung Thi , Nguyen Giang Tien , Le Tam Minh , Huynh Anh Tuan Nguyen
Published: January 2025

The polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan/graphene oxide/Ag composite films are facilely fabricated as active multifunctional food packaging materials. The AgNPs of less than 10 nm immobilized onto CS/GO matrices are in situ synthesized by using NaBH4 as a reductant. The effect of different amounts of Ag and CS:GO weight ratios on the mechanical properties, water resistance, optical properties, thermal stability, and antibacterial activities of various films are systematically investigated. The composite film obtained at 0.5 wt% AgNP loading and a CS:GO ratio of 5:1 demonstrates significantly improved tensile strength (33.07 MPa, 1.7 times higher), reduced water swelling (2.4 times lower), increased contact angle (71.08° vs. 53.54°), and enhanced thermal stability compared to the neat PVA film. Additionally, these composite films exhibit excellent bacterial killing and inhibition activities against
Escherichia coli
and
Staphylococcus aureus
, with zones of inhibition of 10.09 nm and 12.66 mm, respectively. Interestingly, no viable bacteria were found with the film‐forming dispersion at 10 μg/mL. Furthermore, the fabricated films exhibit excellent UV‐blocking effects, sufficiently protecting exposed green plums from UV damage for 10 days. The membrane‐packed acerola fruits also demonstrate better freshness, slower ripening rate, and no signs of microbial growth as compared to those packed with commercial polyethylene film.
Diagnostic Performance and Safety of Ultrasound‐Guided Core Needle Biopsy for Diagnosing Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Kwon Yongmin , Lee Min Kyoung
Published: January 2025

Background

Lymphoma arises from transformed lymphoid cells. Although surgical excision biopsy is the standard diagnostic tool for patients with lymphoma, image‐guided fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) or core needle biopsy (CNB) is considered an alternative diagnostic option.

Objective

To assess the diagnostic accuracy and safety of ultrasound (US)‐guided core needle biopsy (CNB) in patients with lymphoma.

Methods

A systematic review and meta‐analysis were conducted. A literature search was performed up to January 1, 2024, using the Ovid‐MELIBE and EMBASE databases to identify studies focusing on US‐guided CNB in lymphoma patients. Relevant outcomes, including sensitivity, specificity, and complication rates, were extracted from the included studies. The Der‐Simonian‐Laird random‐effects model was applied to analyze the pooled data.

Results

The pooled sensitivity of US‐guided CNB in lymphoma patients was 94% (95% CI = 89%–96%), and the specificity was 100% (95% CI = 94%–100%). The pooled complication rate was 1% (95% CI = 0%–3%), with self‐limiting complications being the most common.

Conclusion

US‐guided CNB demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy and low complication rates in patients with lymphoma, supporting its use as an alternative diagnostic tool.
Getting Better, Together: An Integrated, Online Group Psychotherapy Programme for Mental and Physical Health
Authors: Lang Brent , Williams Kara , Wiblishauser Michael , Adcock Steal
Published: January 2025

Background

Social distancing during the COVID‐19 pandemic was associated with increases in sedentary behaviours, alcohol and illicit substance use and weight gain. Early lockdowns and mandated social distancing also led to increases in symptoms of anxiety, depression and other mental health symptoms. During the pandemic, a major shift in healthcare service delivery to telehealth occurred and group psychotherapy delivered online was effective in decreasing mental health symptoms and loneliness.

Objective

The overall goal of this study was to assess the initial effectiveness of an eight‐session, comprehensive group psychotherapy programme delivered online to improve mental and physical health for adults who were impacted by the COVID‐19 pandemic. This pilot programme promoted physical activity, nutrition, behavioural health and overall healthy living.

Method

After creating our eight‐session, multidisciplinary programme, we partnered with the local health department, community mental health centre and local media to recruit N = 53 community members from southern Texas, USA. We thoroughly screened participants using a structured clinical interview and standardised assessments. A total of n = 50 were eligible and placed into groups based on availability and n = 41 completed all sessions. Most participants were female and between the ages of 18 and 40 years, and of Caucasian or Hispanic descent. The sample included both those who met criteria for a mental health diagnosis and those who did not. Groups, on average, had 5–7 participants and began in August 2020 and ended in February 2021. Future clinicians and researchers may wish to use or adapt the treatment programme (including the treatment manual) from this study to guide future research or clinical efforts.

Results

Compared to baseline, participants reported significant reductions in anxiety and loneliness and improved satisfaction in their level of participation in social activities. Participants reported enjoying the socialisation of the group format.

Conclusions

Our pilot programme demonstrated initial evidence supporting effectiveness of a multidisciplinary, biopsychosocial group delivered online to improve mental health outcomes. Future randomised controlled trials are needed to establish efficacy and inform potential, broader implementation of the programme.

Public Significance Statement

This study found that an integrated, group psychotherapy programme based on acceptance and commitment therapy, motivational interviewing and interpersonal psychotherapy was effective in reducing anxiety and loneliness during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The online delivery of this programme makes it especially useful in reaching socially isolated adults, such as those in rural settings.