bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
T helper cells with specificity for an antigen in cardiomyocytes promote pressure overload-induced progression from hypertrophy to heart failure
Authors: Gröschel Carina , Sasse André , Röhrborn Charlotte , Monecke Sebastian , Didié Michael , Elsner Leslie , Kruse Vanessa , Bunt Gertrude , Lichtman Andrew H. , Toischer Karl , Zimmermann Wolfram-Hubertus , Hasenfuß Gerd , Dressel Ralf
Published: November 2017

We investigated whether CD4+-T cells with specificity for an antigen in cardiomyocytes promote the progression from hypertrophy to heart failure in mice with increased pressure load due to transverse aortic constriction (TAC). OT-II mice expressing a transgenic T cell receptor (TCR) with specificity for ovalbumin (OVA) on CD4+-T cells and cMy-mOVA mice expressing OVA on cardiomyocytes were crossed. The resulting cMy-mOVA-OT-II mice did not display signs of spontaneous autoimmunity despite the fact that their OVA-specific CD4+-T cells were not anergic. After TAC, progression to heart failure was significantly accelerated in cMy-mOVA-OT-II compared to cMy-mOVA mice. No OVA-specific antibodies were induced in response to TAC in cMy-mOVA-OT-II mice, yet more CD3+T cells infiltrated their myocardium when compared with TAC-operated cMy-mOVA mice. Systemically, the proportion of activated CD4+-T cells with a Th1and Th17cytokine profile was increased in cMy-mOVA-OT-II mice after TAC. Thus, T helper cells with specificity for an antigen in cardiomyocytes can directly promote the progression of heart failure in response to pressure overload independently of autoantibodies.
Pim-3 as a potential predictor of chemoradiotherapy resistance in locally advanced rectal cancer patients
Authors: Zhang Rong-xin , Zhou Zhong-guo , Lu Shi-xun , Lu Zhen-hai , Wan De-sen , Pan Zhi-zhong , Wu Xiao-jun , Chen Gong
Published: November 2017

Approximately 30% of locally advanced rectal cancer patients might not benefit from chemoradiotherapy; however, the response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in these cases is difficult to predict. Pim-3 is a member of the provirus integration site for a moloney murine leukemia virus family of proteins that contributes to cell proliferation, survival, and chemotherapy resistance. Therefore, the relationship between Pim-3 expression and response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer patients is important to evaluate. 175 rectal cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant treatment enrolled in this study. The relationship between Pim-3 expression on immunohistochemical analysis of rectal cancer tissue, which was obtained before treatment, the response to chemoradiotherapy and survival was investigated. The patients with no Pim-3 expression were more likely to achieve a pathologic complete response to chemoradiotherapy than patients with Pim-3 expression (P = 0.001). Cox multivariate analysis showed that the significant prognostic factors were Pim-3 expression (P = 0.003) and the number of neoadjuvant chemotherapy cycles (P = 0.005) for overall survival. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy cycles (P = 0.007), adjuvant chemotherapy cycles (P = 0.004) and pathology types (P = 0.049) were significant prognostic factors for disease-free survival. Pim-3 is a potential predictive biomarker for the response of rectal cancer to chemoradiotherapy.
Transcription factor NF-κB is modulated by symbiotic status in a sea anemone model of cnidarian bleaching
Authors: Mansfield Katelyn M. , Carter Nicole M. , Nguyen Linda , Cleves Phillip A. , Alshanbayeva Anar , Williams Leah M. , Crowder Camerron , Penvose Ashley R. , Finnerty John R. , Weis Virginia M. , Siggers Trevor W. , Gilmore Thomas D.
Published: November 2017

Transcription factor NF-κB plays a central role in immunity from fruit flies to humans, and NF-κB activity is altered in many human diseases. To investigate a role for NF-κB in immunity and disease on a broader evolutionary scale we have characterized NF-κB in a sea anemone (Exaiptasia pallida; called Aiptasia herein) model for cnidarian symbiosis and dysbiosis (i.e., “bleaching”). We show that the DNA-binding site specificity of Aiptasia NF-κB is similar to NF-κB proteins from a broad expanse of organisms. Analyses of NF-κB and IκB kinase proteins fromAiptasiasuggest that non-canonical NF-κB processing is an evolutionarily ancient pathway, which can be reconstituted in human cells. In Aiptasia, NF-κB protein levels, DNA-binding activity, and tissue expression increase when loss of the algal symbiontSymbiodiniumis induced by heat or chemical treatment. Kinetic analysis of NF-κB levels following loss of symbiosis show that NF-κB levels increase only afterSymbiodiniumis cleared. Moreover, introduction ofSymbiodiniuminto naïve Aiptasia larvae results in a decrease in NF-κB expression. Our results suggest thatSymbiodiniumsuppresses NF-κB in order to enable establishment of symbiosis in Aiptasia. These results are the first to demonstrate a link between changes in the conserved immune regulatory protein NF-κB and cnidarian symbiotic status.
The spatiotemporal system dynamics of acquired resistance in an engineered microecology
Authors: Datla Udaya Sree , Mather William H. , Chen Sheng , Shoultz Isaac W. , Täuber Uwe C. , Jones Caroline N. , Butzin Nicholas C.
Published: November 2017

Great strides have been made in the understanding of complex networks; however, our understanding of natural microecologies is limited. Modelling of complex natural ecological systems has allowed for new findings, but these models typically ignore the constant evolution of species. Due to the complexity of natural systems, unanticipated interactions may lead to erroneous conclusions concerning the role of specific molecular components. To address this, we use a synthetic system to understand the spatiotemporal dynamics of growth and to study acquired resistance in vivo. Our system differs from earlier synthetic systems in that it focuses on the evolution of a microecology from a killer-prey relationship to coexistence using two different non-motile Escherichia coli strains. Using empirical data, we developed the first ecological model emphasising the concept of the constant evolution of species, where the survival of the prey species is dependent on location (distance from the killer) or the evolution of resistance. Our simple model, when expanded to complex microecological association studies under varied spatial and nutrient backgrounds may help to understand the complex relationships between multiple species in intricate natural ecological networks. This type of microecological study has become increasingly important, especially with the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens.
Telomerase activity is required for the telomere G-overhang structure in Trypanosoma brucei
Authors: Sandhu Ranjodh , Li Bibo
Published: November 2017

Trypanosoma brucei causes fatal human African trypanosomiasis and evades the host immune response by regularly switching its major surface antigen, VSG, which is expressed exclusively from subtelomeric loci. Telomere length and telomere proteins play important roles in regulating VSG silencing and switching. T. brucei telomerase plays a key role in maintaining telomere length, and T. brucei telomeres terminate in a single-stranded 3′ G-rich overhang. Understanding the detailed structure of the telomere G-overhang and its maintenance will contribute greatly to better understanding telomere maintenance mechanisms. Using an optimized adaptor ligation assay, we found that most T. brucei telomere G-overhangs end in 5′ TTAGGG 3′, while a small portion of G-overhangs end in 5′ TAGGGT 3′. Additionally, the protein and the RNA components of the telomerase (TbTERT and TbTR) and TbKu are required for telomere G-overhangs that end in 5′ TTAGGG 3′ but do not significantly affect the 5′ TAGGGT 3′-ending overhangs, indicating that telomerase-mediated telomere synthesis is important for the telomere G-overhang structure. Furthermore, using telomere oligo ligation-mediated PCR, we showed for the first time that the T. brucei telomere 5′ end sequence – an important feature of the telomere terminal structure – is not random but preferentially 5′ CCTAAC 3′.
Dengue fatal cases present virus-specific HMGB1 response in peripheral organs
Authors: Oliveira Edson R. A. , Póvoa Tiago F. , Nuovo Gerard J. , Allonso Diego , Salomão Natália G. , Basílio-de-Oliveira Carlos A. , Geraldo Luiz H. M. , Fonseca Celina G. , Lima Flávia R. S. , Mohana-Borges Ronaldo , Paes Marciano V.
Published: November 2017

Dengue is an important infectious disease that presents high incidence and yields a relevant number of fatal cases (about 20,000) every year worldwide. Despite its epidemiological relevance, there are many knowledge gaps concerning dengue pathogenesis, especially with regards to the circumstances that drive a mild clinical course to a severe disease. In this work, we investigated the participation of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), an important modulator of inflammation, in dengue fatal cases. Histopathological and ultrastructural analyses revealed that liver, lung and heart post-mortem samples were marked by tissue abnormalities, such as necrosis and apoptotic cell death. These observations go in line with an HMGB1-mediated response and raised concerns regarding the participation of this cytokine in promoting/perpetuating inflammation in severe dengue. Further experiments of immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed increased expression of cytoplasmic HMGB1 in dengue-extracted tissues when compared to non-dengue controls. Co-staining of DENV RNA and HMGB1 in the host cell cytoplasm, as found by in situ hybridization and IHC, confirmed the virus specific induction of the HMGB1-mediated response in these peripheral tissues. This report brings the first in-situ evidence of the participation of HMGB1 in severe dengue and highlights novel considerations in the development of dengue immunopathogenesis.
Publisher Correction: Global trade statistics lack granularity to inform traceability and management of diverse and high-value fishes
Authors: Cawthorn Donna-Mareè , Mariani Stefano
Published: November 2017

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML version of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Publisher Correction: The influence of liposomal quercetin on liver damage induced by microwave ablation
Authors: Duan Xuhua , Chen Pengfei , Han Xinwei , Ren Jianzhuang , Wang Zhaoyang , Zhao Guorui , Li Hao
Published: November 2017

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML version of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Coral individuality – confluence of change physical splitting and developmental ability of embryos
Authors: Okubo Nami , Toshino Sho , Nakano Yoshikatsu , Yamamoto Hiromi H.
Published: November 2017

Previous studies have suggested that blastomeres from the 2-, 4-, or 8-cell stage of corals have the ability to develop into normal primary polyps. However, it is still not known which developmental stage’s blastomere produces which juvenile. In this study, we demonstrated that only the blastomeres with animal hemispheres have the capacity to develop into normal primary polyps. Individuality was evaluated using blastomeres isolated from the coralsAcropora digitifera,A. intermedia,Dipsastraea lizardensis, andFavites chinensis. On commencement of embryo cleavage, the animal pole was marked using Neutral red staining, and at the 2-, 4-, and 8-cell stages, embryos were divided into individual blastomeres using glass needles. We found that the survival rate and percentage metamorphosis were higher in the larger-sized blastomeres with animal hemispheres. The vegetal hemisphere alone is incapable of developing into a normal primary polyp; however, a ball-shaped embryo with incomplete mesenteries and no pharynx developed in some cases. These results indicate that the animal hemisphere is needed for corals to develop into normal primary polyps, and that the individuality of corals is possibly determined by a combination of the chance physical splitting of embryos by waves and their innate developmental ability.
Automated quantification of protein periodic nanostructures in fluorescence nanoscopy images: abundance and regularity of neuronal spectrin membrane-associated skeleton
Authors: Barabas Federico M. , Masullo Luciano A. , Bordenave Martín D. , A. Giusti Sebastián , Unsain Nicolás , Refojo Damián , Cáceres Alfredo , Stefani Fernando D.
Published: November 2017

Fluorescence nanoscopy imaging permits the observation of periodic supramolecular protein structures in their natural environment, as well as the unveiling of previously unknown protein periodic structures. Deciphering the biological functions of such protein nanostructures requires systematic and quantitative analysis of large number of images under different experimental conditions and specific stimuli. Here we present a method and an open source software for the automated quantification of protein periodic structures in super-resolved images. Its performance is demonstrated by analyzing the abundance and regularity of the spectrin membrane-associated periodic skeleton (MPS) in hippocampal neurons of 2 to 40 days in vitro, imaged by STED and STORM nanoscopy. The automated analysis reveals that both the abundance and the regularity of the MPS increase over time and reach maximum plateau values after 14 DIV. A detailed analysis of the distributions of correlation coefficients provides indication of dynamical assembly and disassembly of the MPS.
The First 1000 Days of Life Factors Associated with “Childhood Asthma Symptoms”: Brisa Cohort, Brazil
Authors: Nascimento Joelma Ximenes Prado Teixeira , Ribeiro Cecilia Claudia Costa , Batista Rosângela Fernandes Lucena , de Britto Alves Maria Teresa Seabra Soares , Simões Vanda Maria Ferreira , Padilha Luana Lopes , Cardoso Viviane Cunha , Vianna Elcio Oliveira , Bettiol Heloisa , Barbieri Marco Antonio , Silva Antônio Augusto Moura Da
Published: November 2017

This prospective study used data from the BRISA Cohort, São Luís, Brazil (n = 1140) and analyzed associations between environmental factors up to the first 1000 days of life and “Childhood Asthma Symptoms”. “Childhood Asthma Symptoms” was a latent variable based on the number of wheezing episodes, emergency care visit due to wheezing, diagnosis of asthma and diagnosis of rhinitis. A theoretical model that included prenatal factors (socioeconomic status, pregestational body mass index-BMI, soft drink and junk food consumption), birth factors (gestational age, smoking and diseases during pregnancy, birth weight and type of delivery), first year of life factors (breastfeeding, environmental aeroallergens and respiratory diseases) and BMI z-score in the second year of life, was analyzed by structural equation modeling. High pregestational BMI, high soft drink consumption, cesarean section without labor, chill in the first three months of life, carpeted floor and child’s exposure to tobacco were associated with higher values of “Childhood Asthma Symptoms”. In contrast, high birth weight, breastfeeding and infant’s age were associated with lower values of “Childhood Asthma Symptoms”. These findings support the hypothesis that environmental factors that are present before conception and up to the first 1000 days of life are associated with asthma.
Whole Transcriptome Sequencing Analyses Reveal Molecular Markers of Blood Pressure Response to Thiazide Diuretics
Authors: Sá Ana Caroline C. , Webb Amy , Gong Yan , McDonough Caitrin W. , Datta Somnath , Langaee Taimour Y. , Turner Stephen T. , Beitelshees Amber L. , Chapman Arlene B. , Boerwinkle Eric , Gums John G. , Scherer Steven E. , Cooper-DeHoff Rhonda M. , Sadee Wolfgang , Johnson Julie A.
Published: November 2017

Thiazide diuretics (TD) are commonly prescribed anti-hypertensives worldwide. However, <40% of patients treated with thiazide monotherapy achieve BP control. This study uses whole transcriptome sequencing to identify novel molecular markers associated with BP response to TD. We assessed global RNA expression levels in whole blood samples from 150 participants, representing patients in the upper and lower quartile of BP response to TD from the Pharmacogenomic Evaluation of Antihypertensive Responses (PEAR) (50 whites) and from PEAR-2 (50 whites and 50 blacks). In each study cohort, we performed poly-A RNA-sequencing in baseline samples from 25 responders and 25 non-responders to hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) or chlorthalidone. At FDR adjusted p-value < 0.05, 29 genes were differentially expressed in relation to HCTZ or chlorthalidone BP response in whites. For each differentially expressed gene, replication was attempted in the alternate white group and PEAR-2 blacks. CEBPD (meta-analysis p = 1.8 × 10−11) and TSC22D3 (p = 1.9 × 10−9) were differentially expressed in all 3 cohorts, and explain, in aggregate, 21.9% of response variability to TD. This is the first report of the use of transcriptome-wide sequencing data to identify molecular markers of antihypertensive drug response. These findings support CEBPD and TSC22D3 as potential biomarkers of BP response to TD.
Comparative metagenomics of hydrocarbon and methane seeps of the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Vigneron Adrien , Alsop Eric B. , Cruaud Perrine , Philibert Gwenaelle , King Benjamin , Baksmaty Leslie , Lavallée David , P. Lomans Bartholomeus , Kyrpides Nikos C. , Head Ian M. , Tsesmetzis Nicolas
Published: November 2017

Oil and gas percolate profusely through the sediments of the Gulf of Mexico, leading to numerous seeps at the seafloor, where complex microbial, and sometimes animal communities flourish. Sediments from three areas (two cold seeps with contrasting hydrocarbon composition and a site outside any area of active seepage) of the Gulf of Mexico were investigated and compared. Consistent with the existence of a seep microbiome, a distinct microbial community was observed in seep areas compared to sediment from outside areas of active seepage. The microbial community from sediments without any influence from hydrocarbon seepage was characterized byPlanctomycetesand the metabolic potential was consistent with detrital marine snow degradation. By contrast, in seep samples with methane as the principal hydrocarbon, methane oxidation by abundant members of ANME-1 was likely the predominant process. Seep samples characterized by fluids containing both methane and complex hydrocarbons, were characterized by abundantChloroflexi(Anaerolinaceae) and deltaproteobacterial lineages and exhibited potential for complex hydrocarbon degradation. These different metabolic capacities suggested that microorganisms in cold seeps can potentially rely on other processes beyond methane oxidation and that the hydrocarbon composition of the seep fluids may be a critical factor structuring the seafloor microbial community composition and function.
Dissecting the Re-Os molybdenite geochronometer
Authors: Barra Fernando , Deditius Artur , Reich Martin , Kilburn Matt R. , Guagliardo Paul , Roberts Malcolm P.
Published: November 2017

Rhenium and osmium isotopes have been used for decades to date the formation of molybdenite (MoS2), a common mineral in ore deposits and the world’s main source of molybdenum and rhenium. Understanding the distribution of parent 187Re and radiogenic daughter 187Os isotopes in molybdenite is critical in interpreting isotopic measurements because it can compromise the accurate determination and interpretation of mineralization ages. In order to resolve the controls on the distribution of these elements, chemical and isotope mapping of MoS2 grains from representative porphyry copper-molybdenum deposits were performed using electron microprobe and nano-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry. Our results show a heterogeneous distribution of 185,187Re and 192Os isotopes in MoS2, and that both 187Re and 187Os isotopes are not decoupled as previously thought. We conclude that Re and Os are structurally bound or present as nanoparticles in or next to molybdenite grains, recording a complex formation history and hindering the use of microbeam techniques for Re-Os molybdenite dating. Our study opens new avenues to explore the effects of isotope nuggeting in geochronometers.
Increased inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial respiration in brown adipose tissue from obese mice
Authors: Alcalá Martín , Calderon-Dominguez María , Bustos Eduviges , Ramos Pilar , Casals Núria , Serra Dolors , Viana Marta , Herrero Laura
Published: November 2017

Obesity is associated with severe metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease and some forms of cancer. The pathophysiology of obesity-induced metabolic diseases has been strongly related to white adipose tissue (WAT) dysfunction through several mechanisms such as fibrosis, apoptosis, inflammation, ER and oxidative stress. However, little is known of whether these processes are also present in brown adipose tissue (BAT) during obesity, and the potential consequences on mitochondrial activity. Here we characterized the BAT of obese and hyperglycemic mice treated with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 20 weeks. The hypertrophic BAT from obese mice showed no signs of fibrosis nor apoptosis, but higher levels of inflammation, ER stress, ROS generation and antioxidant enzyme activity than the lean counterparts. The response was attenuated compared with obesity-induced WAT derangements, which suggests that BAT is more resistant to the obesity-induced insult. In fact, mitochondrial respiration in BAT from obese mice was enhanced, with a 2-fold increase in basal oxygen consumption, through the upregulation of complex III of the electron transport chain and UCP1. Altogether, our results show that obesity is accompanied by an increase in BAT mitochondrial activity, inflammation and oxidative damage.
Real-time in vivo imaging reveals localised Nrf2 stress responses associated with direct and metabolism-dependent drug toxicity
Authors: Forootan Shiva S. , Mutter Fiona E. , Kipar Anja , Iwawaki Takao , Francis Ben , Goldring Christopher E. , Park B. Kevin , Copple Ian M.
Published: November 2017

The transcription factor Nrf2 coordinates an adaptive response to chemical and oxidative stress characterised by the upregulated expression of cytoprotective target genes. In order to understand the mechanistic relevance of Nrf2 as a marker of drug-induced stress it is important to know if this adaptive response is truly localised in the context of organ-specific drug toxicity. Here, we address this knowledge gap through real-time bioluminescence imaging of transgenic Nrf2-luciferase (Nrf2-luc) reporter mice following administration of the metabolism-dependent hepatotoxin acetaminophen (APAP) or the direct nephrotoxin cisplatin. We detected localised bioluminescence in the liver (APAP) and kidneys (cisplatin) in vivo and ex vivo, whilst qPCR, Taqman low-density array and immunoblot analysis of these tissues further revealed increases in the expression level of several endogenous Nrf2-regulated genes/proteins, including heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1). Consistent with the toxic effects of APAP in the liver and cisplatin in the kidney, immunohistochemical analysis revealed the elevated expression of luciferase and Hmox1 in centrilobular hepatocytes and in tubular epithelial cells, respectively. In keeping with the role of reactive metabolite formation in APAP-induced chemical stress, both the hepatotoxicity and localised Nrf2-luc response were ameliorated by the cytochrome P450 inhibitor aminobenzotriazole. Together, these findings show that Nrf2 can reflect highly-localised cellular perturbations associated with relevant toxicological mechanisms.
Method to study particle flow bias at a channel bifurcation in a microfluidic device
Authors: Lake Melinda A. , Berry Seth A. , Hoelzle David J.
Published: November 2017

We demonstrate an empirical method and a balanced random forest statistical analysis to study the efficacy of microfluidic cell sorter designs with an imbalanced distribution of outcomes. The study uses polystyrene beads as model cells and studies the effects of design variables on the outcome of the beads at a Y-shaped bifurcation.
Selective and low potential electrocatalytic oxidation and sensing ofl-cysteine using metal impurity containing carbon black modified electrode
Authors: Sornambikai Sundaram , Abdul Kadir Mohammed Rafiq , Kumar Annamalai Senthil , Ponpandian Nagamony , Viswanathan Chinnuswamy
Published: November 2017

Cartoon for the GCE/CB modified electrode preparation and its low potential electrocatalytic oxidation ofl-CySH with assistance of metal impurities and oxygen functional groups.
Enhanced peroxidase-like activity of Mo-doped ceria nanoparticles for sensitive colorimetric detection of glucose
Authors: Jiao Xue , Liu Wanyi , Wu Di , Liu Wenhao , Song Hongjie
Published: November 2017

Ultra-small nanoparticles of Mo-doped ceria (Mo/CeO2 NPs) possess enhanced peroxidase-like catalytic activity and these enzyme mimics are used here for the successful quantitative determination of blood glucose via a colorimetric method.
Ruthenium catalyzed remote C4-selective C–H functionalisation of carbazoles via σ-activation
Authors: Leitch Jamie A. , Heron Callum J. , McKnight Janette , Kociok-Köhn Gabriele , Bhonoah Yunas , Frost Christopher G.
Published: November 2017

We report the C4-selective C–H alkylation of carbazole derivatives furnished with a pyrimidine directing group at C1.
The impact of vinylene bridges and side chain alkyl groups on the solid state structures of tricyanovinyl-substituted thiophenes
Authors: Pham Phuong-Truc T. , Young Victor G. , Bader Mamoun M.
Published: November 2017

The goal of this work is to examine the solid state structures of compounds that have been designed for increased conjugation and solubility, as these factors are important if these compounds are to be used in the solid state.
Ion chemistry at elevated ion–molecule interaction energies in a selected ion flow-drift tube: reactions of H3O+, NO+ and O2+ with saturated aliphatic ketones
Authors: Spesyvyi Anatolii , Smith David , Španěl Patrik
Published: November 2017

Rate coefficients and product ion branching ratios determined for proton transfer, association and charge transfer reactions provide insight into reaction mechanisms.
A kinetic study of the gas-phase reactions of 1-methylsilacyclobutane in hot wire chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Badran Ismail , Shi Yujun
Published: November 2017

Experimental and theoretical studies of the reaction kinetics of 1-methylsilacyclobutane in a hot wire chemical vapor deposition process have shown that the heterogeneous reactions on the hot wire surface govern the reaction kinetics.
Identifying the structure of 4-chlorophenyl isocyanide adsorbed on Au(111) and Pt(111) surfaces by first-principles simulations of Raman spectra
Authors: Hu Wei , Duan Sai , Zhang Yujin , Ren Hao , Jiang Jun , Luo Yi
Published: November 2017

A high-precision Raman simulation method is developed. Using this method, we reveal that 4-chlorophenyl isocyanide prefers to adsorb on the top site of Au(111) with a vertical configuration, but with a bent configuration on the hollow site of Pt(111).
A gel aging effect in the synthesis of open-framework gallium phosphates: structure solution and solid-state NMR of a large-pore, open-framework material
Authors: Broom Lucy K. , Clarkson Guy J. , Guillou Nathalie , Hooper Joseph E. , Dawson Daniel M. , Tang Chiu C. , Ashbrook Sharon E. , Walton Richard I.
Published: November 2017

History of gel precursors affects the resulting product in gallium phosphate crystallisation allowing isolation of a 14-ring channel structure.
1,3,2-Diazaborole-derived carbene complexes of boron
Authors: Hickox Hunter P. , Wang Yuzhong , Luedecke Kaitlin M. , Xie Yaoming , Wei Pingrong , Carrillo Deidrah , Dominique Nathaniel L. , Cui Dongtao , Schaefer Henry F. , Robinson Gregory H.
Published: November 2017

1,3,2-Diazaborole-derived carbene complexes of boron were synthesized via 1,2-hydrogen migration.
Bioavailability of hydroxycinnamates in an instant green/roasted coffee blend in humans. Identification of novel colonic metabolites
Authors: Gómez-Juaristi Miren , Martínez-López Sara , Sarria Beatriz , Bravo Laura , Mateos Raquel
Published: November 2017

Reduced forms of hydroxycinnamates as new microbial metabolites after intake of a green/roasted coffee blend, together with the predominant phase II metabolites of reduced hydroxycinnamic acids, represented the most abundant group of colonic metabolites.
A mechanism for the selective epimerization of the glucose mannose pair by Mo-based compounds: towards catalyst optimization
Authors: Rellán-Piñeiro M. , Garcia-Ratés M. , López N.
Published: November 2017

The reducibility of Mo centers of H3PMo12O40 allows the selective C2 epimerization of glucose/mannose through a Mo-assisted 1,2 C-shift.
Antitumor effect of sikokianin C, a selective cystathionine β-synthase inhibitor, against human colon cancer in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Niu Weining , Chen Fei , Wang Jun , Qian Jing , Yan Shasha
Published: November 2017

A natural biflavonoid compound, sikokianin C, which is a selective, competitive inhibitor of cystathionine β-synthase, inhibits the proliferation and growth of colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
Unprecedented sensitivity towards pressure enabled by graphene foam
Authors: Zang Xiaoling , Wang Xusheng , Yang Zhanhai , Wang Xiaowei , Li Rui , Chen Jitao , Ji Junhui , Xue Mianqi
Published: November 2017

Reduced graphene foam-based pressure (rGFP) sensors with ultra-high sensitivity and ultra-low detection limits have been developed.
Plasmon-mediated cancer phototherapy: the combined effect of thermal and photodynamic processes
Authors: Ricciardi Loredana , Sancey Lucie , Palermo Giovanna , Termine Roberto , De Luca Antonio , Szerb Elisabeta I. , Aiello Iolinda , Ghedini Mauro , Strangi Giuseppe , La Deda Massimo
Published: November 2017

A luminescent Ir(iii) complex has been embedded into Au@SiO2 nanoparticles for simultaneous imaging and phototherapeutic human cancer cell treatment.
Loosely packed monolayer coffee stains in dried drops of soft colloids
Authors: Mayarani M. , Basavaraj Madivala G. , Satapathy Dillip K.
Published: November 2017

Evolution of order in soft colloidal monolayers produced by evaporative self assembly.
Tungsten-coated nano-boron carbide as a non-noble metal bifunctional electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution and hydrogen evolution reactions in alkaline media
Authors: Zhang Yan , Wang Yanhui , Han Chan , Jia Shaopei , Zhou Shuyu , Zang Jianbing
Published: November 2017

Herein, tungsten-coated nano-boron carbide (W-WB4-WCx/B4C) particles were prepared by heating a mixture of B4C and W powder using a spark plasma coating (SPC) method.
Prolonged bioluminescence imaging in living cells and mice using novel pro-substrates forRenillaluciferase
Authors: Yuan Mingliang , Ma Xiaojie , Jiang Tianyu , Gao Yuqi , Cui Yuanyuan , Zhang Chaochao , Yang Xingye , Huang Yun , Du Lupei , Yampolsky Ilia , Li Minyong
Published: November 2017

The prodrug or caged-luciferin strategy affords an excellent platform for persistent bioluminescence imaging.
Rhodium-catalyzed benzoisothiazole synthesis by tandem annulation reactions of sulfoximines and activated olefins
Authors: Li Yang , Dong Lin
Published: November 2017

Rhodium(iii)-catalyzed N-directed ortho C–H activation reactions have been developed for the synthesis of unique heterocyclic benzoisothiazoles.
Fabrication of color changeable CO2 sensitive nanofibers
Authors: Shang Jiaojiao , Lin Shaojian , Theato Patrick
Published: November 2017

A CO2 sensor was fabricated by attaching CO2-sensitive spiropyran groups onto versatile photo-crosslinked poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) precursor nanofibers via a nucleophilic ring-opening reaction.
Chitosan hydrogelation with a phenothiazine based aldehyde: a synthetic approach toward highly luminescent biomaterials
Authors: Bejan Andrei , Ailincai Daniela , Simionescu Bogdan C. , Marin Luminita
Published: November 2017

Hydrogelation of chitosan with a photoactive aldehyde via covalent dynamic chemistry proved an original approach towards efficient luminescent biomaterials.
Carbon nanotube/polyurethane films with high transparency, low sheet resistance and strong adhesion for antistatic application
Authors: Tian Ying , Zhang Xingcai , Geng Hong-Zhang , Yang Hai-Jie , Li Chungang , Da Shi-Xun , Lu Xiushan , Wang Jie , Jia Song-Lin
Published: November 2017

Carbon nanotube/poly(urethane) films for antistatic application with high transparency, low sheet resistance and strong adhesion were obtained by optimizing the ratio of SWCNT to WPU.
Direct sulfonylation of anilines mediated by visible light
Authors: Johnson Tarn C. , Elbert Bryony L. , Farley Alistair J. M. , Gorman Timothy W. , Genicot Christophe , Lallemand Bénédicte , Pasau Patrick , Flasz Jakub , Castro José L. , MacCoss Malcolm , Dixon Darren J. , Paton Robert S. , Schofield Christopher J. , Smith Martin D. , Willis Michael C.
Published: November 2017

Visible light photocatalysis allows the introduction of the sulfone functional group to anilines under mild reaction conditions, without the need for pre-functionalization.
Simple peptide coacervates adapted for rapid pressure-sensitive wet adhesion
Authors: Kaminker Ilia , Wei Wei , Schrader Alex M. , Talmon Yeshayahu , Valentine Megan T. , Israelachvili Jacob N. , Waite J. Herbert , Han Songi
Published: November 2017

Single-component peptide coacervates mimicking mussel foot protein-3S were adapted for rapid pressure-sensitive wet adhesion. The coacervate upon compression exhibited orders of magnitude higher underwater adhesion at 2 N m−1 than thin films of the most adhesive mussel-foot-derived peptides reported to date.
Ruthenium/nitrogen-doped carbon as an electrocatalyst for efficient hydrogen evolution in alkaline solution
Authors: Zhang J. , Liu P. , Wang G. , Zhang P. P. , Zhuang X. D. , Chen M. W. , Weidinger I. M. , Feng X. L.
Published: November 2017

Under alkaline conditions, the Ru/NC electrocatalyst shows excellent intrinsic HER activity superior to those of state-of-the-art electrocatalysts.
Fabrication of high-performance flexible photodetectors based on Zn-doped MoS2/graphene hybrid fibers
Authors: Kim Seong Jun , Kang Min-A , Jeon In-su , Ji Seulki , Song Wooseok , Myung Sung , Lee Sun Sook , Lim Jongsun , An Ki-Seok
Published: November 2017

An innovative method for the fabrication of fiber-type photodetectors based on a MoS2–rGO hybrid layer was successfully demonstrated, and we also observed the enhancement of the photocurrent by doping rGO fibers with MoS2.
Chemical tuning of room-temperature ferrimagnetism and ferroelectricity in ε-Fe2O3-type multiferroic oxide thin films
Authors: Katayama Tsukasa , Yasui Shintaro , Hamasaki Yosuke , Osakabe Takuya , Itoh Mitsuru
Published: November 2017

Coexistence of large magnetization and reversible polarization at room temperature in ε-Fe2O3-type iron oxide.
BD‐SBA for wireless backhauling application
Authors: Zhou Gaonan , Sun Baohua , Liang Qiuyan , Li Jianfeng
Published: November 2017

A beam‐deflection short backfire antenna (BD‐SBA) is proposed. The BD‐SBA consists of an SBA and a deflection plate. The deflection plate is designed to change the phase of the reflected waves, hence deflecting the beam of the BD‐SBA. The beam deflection can realise different beam pointing within about 20°. An X‐band antenna (10 GHz) with a beam pointing of 12° is fabricated and tested. The measured results demonstrate that the desired beam deflection is obtained. A gain of 14.3 dBi and a sidelobe level of −20.6 dB are realised. The BD‐SBA, with a simple structure, low cost and moderately high gain, is suitable for the application of fifth‐generation wireless backhauling potentially.
Investigating the effect of cavity size within medium‐voltage power cable on partial discharge behaviour
Authors: Gouda Osama E. , ElFarskoury Adel A. , Elsinnary Abd Rabu , Farag Adel A.
Published: November 2017

One of the common causes of cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation ageing and finally cable failure is the presence of a cavity within cable insulation. Gas filled cavities can be initiated in XLPE cables during its manufacturing, installing and operating conditions. Once the size of the cavity reaches the critical limit, noticeable partial discharge (PD) activity develops. Therefore, the size of the cavity is one of the important factors that considered when investigating the PD activity in power cable. This work studies the effect of cavity size on PD behaviour within insulation layer of an 18/30 kV XLPE cable specimen; the changing in an artificial spherical cavity depths and diameters is investigated in the laboratory. In addition, 2D model geometry of a cable insulation having an artificial cavity is also developed using COMSOL software and MATLAB program to simulate the PD measurements from the laboratory experiments to imitate the conditions found during measurements, hence interpreting the obtained experimental results and determining the significant parameters influencing PD activity; hence, more a fuller understanding of PD phenomena within a cavity. The results show good coincidence between experimental and simulated data, in terms of PD magnitude and PD inception voltage.
Recognition of complex static hand gestures by using the wristband‐based contour features
Authors: Lee Donq‐Liang , You Wei‐Shiuan
Published: November 2017

Recognition of complex static hand gestures is a challenging problem due to the complexity of hand gestures, which are rich in diversities because of high degrees of freedom involved by the human hand. It is more difficult especially when gestures are represented by two hands. This study proposes a framework that can recognise complex static hand gestures by using the wristband‐based contour features (WBCFs). The authors require the user to wear a pair of black wristbands on his (her) two hand wrists, so that the hand region(s) can be segmented accurately. The topmost and sharpest corner point of the wristband on a gesturing hand is detected first. It is treated as a landmark to extract the WBCF of a hand gesture. Then, a simple feature matching method is proposed to obtain a recognition result. To deal with the cases where hand region(s) cannot be segmented correctly, watershed segmentation, and region merging techniques are adopted to provide improvements on hand region segmentation. Experimental results show that their system can be used to recognise 29 Turkish fingerspelling sign hand gestures and achieve a recognition accuracy of 99.31% with only six training images for each gesture.
Formula for estimating the uncertainty of manufacturer's power curve in pitch‐controlled wind turbines
Authors: Her Sooyoung , Huh Jongchul , Kim Bumsuk
Published: November 2017

This study proposes a new formula for estimating the uncertainty in pitch‐controlled wind turbines regardless of the type of wind turbines or the availability of measurement data. The results obtained using a manufacturer's power curve (MPC), which is defined as the representative value of the power performance of wind turbines, may differ from the prediction results of power generation obtained using an actual power curve measured at a real wind farm. Therefore, the uncertainty of the MPC can considerably influence the calculation of power generation. However, the current methods used for uncertainty calculation either use a random constant chosen by the judgment of individual analyzers based on their experience or rely on a limited set of empirical formulas suggested through the analysis of data measured from specific wind turbines. To solve this problem, we suggest a new formula for uncertainty estimation that has general applicability. The suggested formula was validated by comparing its results with the data output measured from a real wind farm. In addition, a comparison of the real‐time estimation results of wind power generation and measurement results demonstrates that the proposed formula produces more reliable results than the existing formula.
Analysis method and empirical research on economic benefit of large‐scale consumptive power grid investment
Authors: Ge Yi , He Yue , Hu Xiaoyan , Sun Wentao , Zhang Wenjia , Huang Junhui
Published: November 2017

Inter‐area transmission network planning task is on the basis of existing load and power planning, to determine the new inter‐area tie‐line location and capacity and in order to achieve the power supply capability needed in the planning period, under the precondition of satisfying the various technical indicators of the end system with lowest cost. Through the life‐cycle cost method, this study evaluates the investment benefit of consumptive UHV external power supply construction by receiving end system of power grid. Empirical study has been carried out using one of the Jiangsu power grid planning schemes of 2020. Economy benefit of investment has been analysed through the sequential operating simulation result of Jinbei–Nanjing UHVDC scheme. Economic balance operating position of Jinbei UHVDC can be acquired, which provides an important guiding role for the overall efficiency of economic operation of large‐scale interconnected power grid.
Directional pilot protection based on fault current for distribution network with Distributed Generation (DG)
Authors: Li Wenli , He Jinghan , Zhang Dahai , Zhang Qiufang
Published: November 2017

With the aggravation of problems, such as energy shortage and environmental pollution, the distributed power generation technology with the characteristic of renewable energy has been developed rapidly. However, the connection of distributed generation brings about some problems in aspect of distribution network topology and the direction of power flow, making it difficult to meet the requirement of the traditional current protection scheme. To solve the above problems, a principle of directional pilot protection based on current fault component is proposed. Through extracting the fault component of the current, respectively, the principle uses the double‐ended phase as the protection criterion to identify the internal fault or the external fault. What is more, being in need of current signal only, the principle can avoid the installation of the voltage transformer to reduce costs. The protection scheme can operate well without regard to the impact of fault types and has a good adaptability to transition resistance. Finally, a simulation carried out by MATLAB/SIMULINK verifies the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Microgrid multi‐source coordination optimal control based on multi‐scenarios analysis
Authors: Cai Changchun , Liu Haolin , Zheng Hao , Chen Feng , Deng Lihua , Xu Qianqian
Published: November 2017

The utilisation of ocean energy provides a significant support for the offshore island exploitation, and the coordination control of different energy sources can improve the reliability of electrical power supply. Island microgrid contains tide generator system, PV generation, wind generation and diesel generation, storage system is installed to keep the microgrid stability. A distribution generation coordination optimal control strategy is proposed in this paper; the model considers the characteristics of local load, the natural characteristics of different generations and the non‐linear charge and discharge characteristics of the storage system. Under different microgrid operation scenarios, a comprehensive optimal model is established with the goal of microgrid economic operation. The model takes accounts of the gas fuel cost of diesel generation, environmental benefit, maintenance cost and the depreciation cost of equipment. Furthermore, the capacity of the different distribution generation, the percentage of lost Wind/PV and the reliability of electrical supply are defined as the constraint of the model. Finally, the proposed method was applied to the actual microgrid under different scenarios to prove its availability.
SSO suppression method and effectiveness of STATCOM in an identical multi‐machine system
Authors: Wang Shijia , Lu Shaoqi , Xiao Huangqing , Xu Zheng , Cui Xiaodan , Wu Xingyang
Published: November 2017

In this study, a control method of a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) for suppressing subsynchronous oscillation (SSO) in an identical multi‐machine system is proposed. The torsional signal is firstly filtered through a bandpass filter with low phase shift so that each torsional mode of the shaft system can be extracted. Then, the phases of the extracted signals are, respectively, compensated and the amplitudes are amplified. In the end, the processed signals are added together as the current reference of STATCOM in the q ‐axis. The design of the control method, which is mainly based on the test signal method, is discussed in detail. The effectiveness of the control method is verified through time‐domain simulation and torsional mode analysis. Besides, the influence of STATCOM capacity on SSO suppression is also discussed.
Protection of micro‐grid systems: a comprehensive survey
Authors: Kang Xiaoning , Nuworklo Carl E.K. , Tekpeti Browh Serge , Kheshti Mostafa
Published: November 2017

The emergence of renewable energy with high consumers' energy demand has led to the concept of micro‐grids in the world in recent years. The development and expansion of micro‐girds with renewable energy is facing challenges with the protection needing serious attention. The challenges result from the difficulties in coordinating protection devices. The presence of various energy sources makes the micro‐grid protection sensitive to changes in current and voltage levels. A micro‐grid operates in parallel or independently with the existing utility network as grid‐connected mode or islanded mode, respectively. Whatever the mode of operation, the protection system has to detect short circuits and clear faults to isolate only the faulty portions. In this study, micro‐grid protection comprehensive review is performed to discuss the present situation. Protection issues and existing protection schemes for micro‐grid are presented based on the previous achievement in the area. This work will contribute in the assessment and implementation of micro‐grid protection to provide reliable and safe electricity to consumers.
Probabilistic forecast for aggregated wind power outputs based on regional NWP data
Authors: Wang Zhao , Wang Weisheng , Liu Chun , Wang Bo , Feng Shuanglei
Published: November 2017

With the high level of wind power penetration, the big users in power systems, like system operators and market traders, demand the aggregated wind power forecasts for a specific region. A method searching for the similar wind characteristics in the numerical weather predictions (NWP) data is proposed here. The similarity is defined by a weighted Euclidean distance, and the dimensionality is reduced by means of principal component analysis. The probabilistic forecasting results are constructed by the selected samples with the proposed distance‐weighted kernel density estimation method. A case study of 28 wind farms in the East China is provided to evaluate the performance. The proposed method is easy to apply and performs well in practice.
Advanced microgrid and its multi‐objective regulation strategy for shore supply
Authors: Yu Moduo , Huang Wentao , Tai Nengling , Zheng Xiaodong , Ma Zhoujun , Wang Yong
Published: November 2017

This study presents a new microgrid paradigm for the shore‐side power supply system. The shore supply microgrid is developed for container and cruise harbours to further improve the capability of energy saving and emission reduction. The typical structure and operation modes are designed based on the requirements of shore supply systems. A multi‐objective regulation strategy is devised for energy management system. The strategy aims to reduce power fluctuation and to implement the microgrid self‐supply at ports. A parallel optimisation model is built to solve the regulation problem. A study case of four different ship‐berthing scenarios is utilised to validate the effectiveness of the designed microgrid and its regulation strategy.