bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Evolution of Olecranon Fractures and Its Fixation Strategies
Authors: Tan Bryan , Ng Jingwen , Ng Wei Xiang , Yuan Wei , Kwek Ernest Beng Kee
Published: November 2021

Introduction.

Olecranon fractures are a common fracture of the upper extremity. The primary aim was to investigate the evolution of olecranon fractures and fixation method over a period of 12 years. The secondary aim was to compare complication rates of Tension Band Wiring (TBW) and Plate Fixation (PF).
Materials and Methods

Retrospective Study for all patients with surgically treated olecranon fractures from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2016 from a tertiary trauma center. Records review for demographic, injury characteristics, radiographic classification and configuration, implant choices and complications. Results grouped into three 4-year intervals, analyzed comparatively to establish significant trends over 12 years.
Results

262 patients were identified. Demographically, increasing mean age (48.7 to 58.9 years old, p-value 0.004) and higher ASA scores (7.1% ASA 3 to 21.0% ASA 3 p-value 0.001). Later fractures were more oblique (fracture angle 86.1 to 100.0 degrees, p-value 0.001) and comminuted (Schatzker D type 10.4–30.0%, p-value 0.025, single fracture line 94.0–66.0%, p-value 0.001). Implant choice, sharp increase in PF compared to TBW (PF 16.0% to PF 80.2%, p-value 0.001). Complication-wise, TBW had higher rates of symptomatic implant, implant and bony failures and implant removal.
Conclusion

Demographic and fracture characteristic trends suggest that olecranon fractures are exhibiting fragility fracture characteristics (older age, higher ASA scores, more unstable, oblique and comminuted olecranon fractures). Having a high index of suspicion would alert surgeons to consider use of advanced imaging, utilize appropriate fixation techniques and manage the underlying osteoporosis for secondary fracture prevention. Despite this, trends suggest a potential overutilization of PF particularly for stable fracture patterns and the necessary precaution should be exercised.
Bruceine D and Afatinib Combination Inhibits Ovarian Cancer Cells Proliferation and Migration Through DNA Damage Repair and EGFR Pathway
Authors: Lin Feng , Zhu Ju-fan , Wang Luo , Yang Yuan-jun , Zheng Ru-ru , Zhang Xu , Hu Yan
Published: November 2021

Owing to the high rates of relapse and migration, ovarian cancer has been recognized as the most lethal gynecological malignancy worldwide. The activity of the EGFR signaling pathway is frequently associated with ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration. Despite this knowledge, inhibition of EGFR signaling in ovarian cancer patients failed to achieve satisfactory therapeutic effects. In this study, we identified that Bruceine D and EGFR inhibitor, afatinib, combination resulted in synergistic anti- ovarian cancer effects. The results indicated that compared with one of both drugs alone, the combination of Bruceine D and afatinib slowed the DNA replication rate, inhibition of cell viability, and proliferation and clone formation. This resulted in cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. In addition, the combination of Bruceine D and afatinib possessed a stronger ability to inhibit the ovarian cancer cell adhesion and migration than treatment with Bruceine D or afatinib alone. Mechanistically, the combined treatment triggered intense DNA damage, suppressed DNA damage repair, and enhanced the inhibition of the EGFR pathway. These results demonstrated that compared with each pathway inhibition, combined blocking of both DNA damage repair and the EGFR pathway appears to more effective against ovarian cancer treatment. The results support the potential of Bruceine D and afatinib combination as a therapeutic strategy for ovarian cancer patients.
Acceptability of Supervised Injection Facilities Among Persons Who Inject Drugs in Upstate New York
Authors: Duncan Eliana , Shufelt Sarah , Barranco Meredith , Udo Tomoko
Published: November 2021

Background

Supervised injection facilities (SIFs) provide spaces where persons who inject drugs (PWID) can inject under medical supervision and access harm reductions services. Though SIFs are not formally established in the US, such facilities are being considered for approval in several New York State (NYS) communities. No data exists from PWID in NYS, and little from outside major US urban centers, on willingness to use SIFs and associated factors.
Methods

This analysis included 285 PWID (mean age=38.7; 57.7% male; 72.3% non-Hispanic white) recruited for a study on hepatitis C prevalence among PWID in Upstate New York, where participants were recruited from syringe exchange programs (n=80) and able to refer other PWID from their injection networks (n=223). Participants completed an electronic questionnaire that included a brief description of SIFs and assessed willingness to use SIFs. We compared sociodemographic characteristics, drug use/harm reduction history, healthcare experience, and stigma between participants who were willing vs. unwilling to use such programs.
Results

Overall, 67.4% were willing to use SIFs, 18.3% unwilling, and 14.4% unsure. Among those reporting being willing or unwilling, we found higher willingness among those who were currently homeless (91.8% vs. 74.6%; p=0.004), who had interacted with police in the past 12 months (85.7% vs. 74.5%; p=0.04), and who were refused service within a healthcare setting (100% vs. 77.1%; p=0.03).
Conclusion

Our results support SIF acceptability in several Upstate New York PWID communities, particularly among those reporting feelings of marginalization. A large proportion reported being unsure about usage of SIFs, suggesting room for educating PWID on the potential benefits of this service. Our results support SIF acceptability in NYS and may facilitate reaching PWID subgroups that are most marginalized, should SIFs become available.
The Comparison of a C-Shaped Partial Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy (C-PSH) Versus Circular Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy (CSH) in Patients with IV Grade Hemorrhoid: A Retrospective Study
Authors: He Jun , Zhou Meng-Dan , Wu Wen-Jing , Liu Zhi-Yong , Wang Dong , Yang Guan-Gen , Yang Qin-Yan , Shen Zhong
Published: November 2021

Aims
The aims of this study were to present a C-shaped partial stapled hemorrhoidopexy (C-PSH) in the treatment of IV grade hemorrhoid and to assess the clinical outcomes of this technique compared with circular stapled hemorrhoidopexy (CSH).
Methods
Conventional CSH kit matched with an intestinal spatula was used for performing C-PSH. One hundred and fifty eight patients who suffered IV grade hemorrhoid and underwent C-PSH or CSH at Hangzhou Third hospital between December 2017 and July 2019 were retrospected. Intraoperative and postoperative outcomes in both groups were collected and analyzed.
Results
Operative time, estimated blood loss and hospital stay were similar in both two groups (p values were 0.238, 0.563 and 0.101 respectively). Pain scores on the first defecation, 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 7th postoperative days in the C-PSH group were respectively lower than those in the CSH group, and the numeric rating scale (NRS) scores were 3.29±1.52 vs. 4.23±1.99 (p=0.001), 3.82±1.49 vs. 4.63±1.17 (p<0.001), 3.12±1.51 vs. 3.71±1.85 (p=0.030), 2.67±1.52 vs. 3.37±1.54 (p=0.005) and 1.34±0.92 vs.1.84±1.14 (p=0.003). Fecal urgency incidences in the C-PSH group were lower than those in the CSH group on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 7th postoperative days, and the incidences occurred in the C-PSH group vs. CSH group were 44.7% vs. 61.0% (p=0.041), 30.3% vs. 46.3% (p=0.038), 25.0% vs. 43.9% (p=0.013) and 13.2% vs. 35.4% (p=0.001) respectively. Overall postoperative complications rate occurred in the CSH group was higher than that in the C-PSH group, (16/82 vs. 6/76, p=0.035). Six patients suffered from anal stenosis in the CSH group and no patient suffered from stenosis in the C-PSH group (p=0.047). One year recurrence rate in the C-PSH group and CSH group was 8.0% (6/75) vs. 6.3% (5/79), (p=0.687).
Conclusions
The C-PSH seems to be an efficacy and safety technique in treating IV grade hemorrhoid. It has advantages in alleviating postoperative pain, fecal urgency and anal stenosis compared with CSH. It could be an alternative technique in the treatment of IV grade hemorrhoid.
Association of Socioeconomic Status Measures With Physical Activity and Subsequent Frailty in Older Adults
Authors: Kheifets Mark , Goshen Abigail , Goldbourt Uri , Witberg Guy , Eisen Alon , Kornowski Ran , Gerber Yariv
Published: November 2021

Background: Despite increased recognition, frailty remains a significant public health challenge. Methods: Using a population-based cohort of older adults, this study examined the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) factors, physical activity and frailty. The study included 1,799 participants (mean [SD], age 75[6]; 53% women) from the "National Health and Nutrition Survey of Older Adults Aged 65 and Over in Israel", conducted in 2005-2006. A follow-up interview was performed 12-14 years later in a subgroup of 601 subjects (mean [SD], age 84[4]; 56% women). Extensive data including self-reported leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and SES measures were assessed at baseline. Frailty was measured at follow-up. Results: All SES measures were strongly and positively associated with LTPA (all p<0.001). Eighty-two participants (14%) were classified as frail at follow-up. After age and sex adjustment and accounting for attrition bias using inverse probability weighting, baseline LTPA (OR=2.77, 95% CI: 1.57-4.90, for inactivity; OR=1.41, 95% CI: 0.75-2.68, for insufficient activity, compared with sufficient activity, Ptrend<0.001) was inversely associated with incident frailty. The association persisted after further adjustment for SES and comorbidity. Conclusion: Among older individuals, multiple SES measures were positively associated with LTPA, which was a strong predictor of lower subsequent frailty risk.
Improving food security for Labrador Inuit in Nunatsiavut, Labrador: A matter of health equity
Authors: Bowers Renee , Turner Gail , Graham Ian D. , Furgal Chris , Dubois Lise
Published: November 2021

Background

The current low state of food security amongst Inuit in Canada is influenced by policy choices. Policy actors develop and implement policies, yet few research studies include their perspectives. This study includes policy actors’ perspectives on gaps and areas of improvement for policies that pertain to food security for Labrador Inuit in Nunatsiavut. Nunatsiavut is one of the four Inuit land claim areas in northern Canada making up the Inuit homeland, or Inuit Nunangat. It is situated in northern Labrador in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.

Methods

This qualitative study consisted of key informant interviews conducted from July 2020-December 2020 with policy actors that spanned the Nunatsiavut Government (regional Inuit government), Government of Newfoundland and Labrador (provincial government), the Government of Canada (federal government), non-governmental organizations and private industry. Participants were asked about their role, policy gaps and opportunities for improving policies that pertain to food security in Nunatsiavut. It also included initial insights from emergency food security measures implemented during the first wave of COVID-19 in 2020.

Results

Fifteen key informant interviews were completed, and three participants provided written responses. The results were reported as per the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative studies (COREQ): 32–item checklist. Seven participants (39%) stated they developed policy, six participants (33%) stated they both developed and implemented policy and five participants (28%) stated they implemented policy. Seven themes were identified from discussions with policy actors. Policy recommendations to improve food security include improving transportation, social policies, and policy coherence in policy implementation. Five separate themes were identified from discussions on implementing emergency food security measures during the first wave of COVID-19 in Nunatsiavut. These included inadequacy of social policies, hidden poverty among people living in Nunatsiavut and future considerations for post- COVID-19 food security policies.

Conclusion

The results of this study show that improving food security in Nunatsiavut is a matter of health equity. During COVID-19, these inequities were further highlighted, demonstrating the importance of urgent action. Findings from this study can inform actions to improve existing and future policies that pertain to food security for Labrador Inuit in Nunatsiavut.
Preparation of Magadiite-Sodium Alginate Drug Carrier Composite by Pickering-Emulsion-Templated-Encapsulation Method and its Properties of Sustained Release Mechanism by Baker-Lonsdale and Korsmeyer-Peppas Model
Authors: Ge Mingliang , Li Xinxiang , Li Yueying , S.M. Jahangir Alam , Gui Yuee , Huang Yongchao , Cao Luoxiang , Liang Guodong , Hu Guoqing
Published: November 2021

In this study, the nanohybrid drug carrier were synthesized by Pickering emulsion-templated encapsulation (PETE) method to control the sustained-released properties of the nanohybrid drug carrier; magadiite-cetyltriphenyl phosphonium bromide (MAG-CTPB-KH550) and sodium alginate (NaC 6 H 7 O 6 ) was dissolved in the aqueous phase but metronidazole (C 6 H 9 N 3 O 3 ) was dissolved in the ethyl acetate (CH 3 COOC 2 H 5 ) of the oil phase; both the oil phase and the aqueous phase were mixed and dispersed to prepared organically-modified magadiite-sodium alginate (MAG–CTPB–KH550/SA) nanohybrid drug carrier. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Flourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results were shown that the most of Sodium alginate (SA) were encapsulated into the MAG–CTPB–KH550 but a few of SA were intercalated into the inner space layers of MAG–CTPB–KH550, metronidazole was combined with carrier materials through physical apparent adsorption, ion exchange and electrostatic interaction. In vitro result, it was showed that the slow release was shown less than 10% content of Sodium alginate; whereas, it was reduced the initial release rate of Metronidazole but it was extended the sustained-released time. To reach at equilibrium, the sustained-released effects of the drug carrier were prepared with 10% of Sodium Alginate for 32 h and the maximum cumulative release percentage was 93.42 for 24 h. First order model, Baker-Lonsdale model and Korsmeyer-Peppas model were fitted to study the slow-release mechanism; the correlation coefficients (R 2 ) of the three models were found over 0.9; thus, it was well described the release kinetics behavior of drug carrier composites. The slow-release mechanisms of the drug carrier were performed swelling and dissolving but the barrier effects of the lamina that were reduced the dissolution rate of metronidazole.
Helicobacter pylori infection and related factors among pregnant women at Debre Tabor General Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021
Authors: Yisak Hiwot , debaka  , yeserk
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Infection with Helicobacter pylori is one of the most frequent chronic bacterial illnesses in humans, infecting more than half of the world's population. Pregnant mothers are the populations most vulnerable to Helicobacter pylori infection. The frequency of H. pylori infection during pregnancy varies greatly depending on where you live. The objective of his study was to assess the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and associated factors among pregnant mothers following antenatal care at antenatal care clinic in Debre Tabor General Hospital, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia, 2021. Methods and materials: Institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out to assess potential factors with Helicobacter pylori infection. Variables associated with the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection with (p-value < 0.05) were considered as significant factors. Results: The prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori infection was 52(17.9%), with 95% (CI: 13.4 – 22.3%). Sixty-five point four percent (65.4%) of Helicobacter Pylori infection positive mothers had gastrointestinal problems and developed symptoms like abdominal cramp and diarrhea 01 (1.92%), loss of appetite10 (19.23%), hiccups 9(17.31%), abdominal pain i.e. worsen when the stomach is empty 19(36.54%), indigestion and frequent heart burn13 (25%) during the present pregnancy. Lesser frequency of hand washing practice AOR= 3.09, 95%CI (1.14-8.34). Use of soap for hand washing AOR=0.44, 95% CI (0.19 - 0.98), feeding unwashed vegetables and fruits AOR=2.279, 95%CI (1.03-5.04), not being anemic AOR =0.268, 95% CI (0.10- 0.71), were significantly associated with Helico bacter pylori infection. Conclusions: This study shows that the prevalence of H. pylori infection was not low. The levels of anemia which was strongly associated with the prevalence of H. pylori infection. This implies that Helicobacter Pylori infection is a public health problem.
Rationale and design of reGional network for Acute Myocardial Infarction (GAMI): protocol for a Prospective Cluster-randomized Intervention study of STEMI management
Authors: He Yibo , Liu Jin , Liu Liwei , Song Feier , Ying Ming , Sun Guoli , Ling Yihang , Liang Yan , Ye Jianfeng , Hu Yunzhao , Song Mingcai , Xu Qingbo , Chen Cong , Chen Guoqin , Tan Ning , Chen Jiyan , Liu Yong , Chen Shiqun
Published: November 2021

BackgroundTimely revascularization is essential for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients to reduced mortality rate. However, it's seldom achieved due to patient and medical system-level barriers in China, especially in the rural area. It's needed to establish a regionally coordinated network to promote the early revascularization rate for STEMI patients.MethodsRegional network for Acute Myocardial Infarction (GAMI) is a multi-center, prospective, intervention study with regional intervention. It was carried out in 8 centers by 1:1 cluster randomization in south China with diverse economic and medical levels since 2016. The regional intervention were carried out in the intervention centers, which consisted of intensive public education and regional network construction for STEMI treatment, including community and online propaganda to raised patients' awareness of the treatment for STEMI and establishment of regional clinic-EMS-PCI transfer network for timely primary revascularization. Consecutive acute STEMI patients were enrolled for assessment of regional intervention according to the key performance indicators. The primary study endpoint was reperfusion rate, and secondary endpoints included change of pre-hospital delay, changes of in-hospital delay time and in-hospital outcomes. All patients were followed up for more than 1 year.DiscussionThe GAMI study is a prospective cluster-randomized intervention study, which would provide helpful evaluation of the effectiveness of enhanced public education and regional network construction on regional STEMI treatmentTrial registration: Clinical Trials, NCT03928119. Registered , 25 April, 2019， https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03928119?id=NCT03928119&draw=2&rank=1
“I Tried to Get Help About My Addiction but He Just Gave Me Tablets:” Male Aboriginal Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation Clients’ Experiences and Preferences Speaking About Substance Use in Primary Care
Authors: Farnbach Sara , Fernando Jamie , Coyte Joe , Simms Matthew , Hackett Maree
Published: November 2021

Background Primary healthcare (PHC) services are crucial in supporting people with substance use problems. The aims of this study were to explore Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (hereafter Aboriginal) males in treatment for substance use problems experiences about speaking about their substance use with PHC staff, and their preferences for accessing PHC about their substance use.MethodsSemi-structured interviews with residential drug and alcohol rehabilitation treatment service clients. Thematic analysis was used to develop themes inductively and deductively. Two interviews were independently double coded by an Aboriginal researcher and the project was supported by an Aboriginal Advisory Group.ResultsTwenty male adults who self-identified as Aboriginal participated (mean age 27 years). Half reported visiting PHC and talking about their substance use before their residential service stay. Two major themes developed: (1) asking for help for substance use or mental health problems linked with substance use, (2) ways to improve access to PHC about substance use. Although some males were offered treatment, some were not, and others had concerns about the treatments offered. ConclusionThis research highlights opportunities to improve access and to better support Aboriginal males with substance use problems in PHC. Focus on culturally appropriate PHC and providing staff with training around substance use and treatment options may improve access. It is important to foster culturally appropriate services, develop PHC staff knowledge around substance use, focus on therapeutic relationships and have a range of treatment options available that can be tailored to individual circumstances.
Circuit Analysis and Optimization of GAA Nanowire FET Towards Low Power and High Switching
Authors: Sreenivas V. Bharath , Narendar Vadthiya
Published: November 2021

The main aim of this work is to study the effect of symmetric and asymmetric spacer length variations towards source and drain on n-channel SOI JL vertically stacked (VS) nanowire (NW) FET at 10 nm gate length (LG). Spacer length is proved to be one of the stringent metrics in deciding device performance along with width, height and aspect ratio (AR). The physical variants in this work are symmetric spacer length (LSD), source side spacer length (LS) and drain side spacer length (LD). The simulation results give highest ION/IOFF ratio with LD variation compared to LS and LSD, whereas latter two variations have similar effect on ION/IOFF ratio. At 25 nm (2.5 × LG) of LD, the device gives appreciable ON current with the highest ION/IOFF ratio (2.19 × 108) with optimum subthreshold slope (SS) and ensures low power and high switching drivability. Moreover, it is noticed that among optimal values of LS and LD, the device ION/IOFF ratio has an improvement of 22.69% as compared to other variations. Moreover, the effect of various spacer dielectrics on optimized device is also investigated. Finally, the CMOS inverter circuit analysis is performed on the optimized symmetric and asymmetric spacer lengths.
Fusion of Multi-Modality Biomedical Images Using Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Gupta Manish , Kumar Naresh , Gupta Neha , Zaguia Atef
Published: November 2021

With the recent advancement in the medical diagnostic tools, multi-modality medical images are extensively utilized as a lifesaving tool. An efficient fusion of medical images can improve the performance of various medical diagnostic tools. But, gathering of all modalities for a given patient is defined as an ill-posed problem as medical images suffer from poor visibility and frequent patient dropout. Therefore, in this paper, a novel image fusion model is designed to fuse multi-modality medical images. The proposed model model suffers from hyper-parameters tuning issue, therefore, a multi-objective differential evolution (MDE) is used to optimize the initial parameters of the proposed model. The fusion factor and edge strength metrics are utilized to form a multi-objective fitness function. The performance of the proposed model is validated by comparing the proposed model models with nine competitive models over fifteen benchmark images. Performance analysis reveal that the proposed model outperforms the competitive fusion models.
Good Practices of Comirnaty® Vaccine Injection Using Uncrimped Materials
Authors: Le Laetitia , Touchard Justine , Chastel Aymeric , Pineau Judith , Martelli Nicolas , Loustalot Marie-Caroline , Lebeaux David , Guerot Emmanuel , Prognon Patrice , Sabatier Brigitte , Caudron Eric
Published: November 2021

Background
In 2020, the first mRNA COVID vaccine was approved by the with six doses from single vial. In the context of material shortages, the aim of the study was to compare different protocols to extract doses using uncrimped materials with good trueness and reproducibility.
Methods
To optimize the extraction of the sixth dose from a single vial with uncrimped materials, alternative protocols of preparation were tested, derived from the drug information.
Results
The repeatability of injected volume was acceptable for all protocols (CV<5.3%). To prepare six 0.3mL doses using uncrimped materials, protocols with an air bubble were evaluated to offset the high dead volume inherent to uncrimped materials. Regarding the limited doses observed using long intramuscular needle (92.8% of the reference dose), the air bubble protocol with a liquid volume adjustment at 0.27mL was finally validated to respect the administration of full doses.
Conclusion
Results highlighted the necessity to adapt the drug information protocol for the preparation and administration of Cominarty®, due to the use of high dead volume materials. Despite the good reproducibility and accuracy of the air bubble protocols, some precautions have therefore to be taken to maintain the integrity of the vaccine suspension for efficient administration.
Radiation Intensity and Quality Affect Indoor Acclimation of Blueberry Transplants
Authors: Gómez Celina , Poudel Megha , Yegros Matias , Fisher Paul R.
Published: November 2021

The objectives were to characterize and compare shrinkage (i.e., transplant loss) and growth of tissue-cultured blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) transplants acclimated in greenhouses or indoors under 1) different photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFDs) (Expt. 1); or 2) spectral changes over time using broad-spectrum white (W; 400 to 700 nm) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) without or with red or far-red (FR) radiation (Expt. 2). In Expt. 1, ‘Emerald’ and ‘Snowchaser’ transplants were acclimated for 8 weeks under PPFDs of 35, 70, 105, or 140 ± 5 µmol·m‒2·s‒1 provided by W LED fixtures for 20 h·d−1. In another treatment, PPFD was increased over time by moving transplants from treatment compartments providing 70 to 140 µmol·m‒2·s‒1 at the end of week 4. Transplants were also acclimated in either a research or a commercial greenhouse (RGH or CGH, respectively). Shrinkage was unaffected by PPFD, but all transplants acclimated indoors had lower shrinkage (≤4%) than those in the greenhouse (15% and 17% in RGH and CGH, respectively), and generally produced more shoot and root biomass, regardless of PPFD. Growth responses to increasing PPFD were linear in most cases, although treatment effects after finishing were generally not significant among PPFD treatments. In Expt. 2, ‘Emerald’ transplants were acclimated for 8 weeks under constant W, W + red (WR), or W + FR (WFR) radiation, all of which provided a PPFD of 70 ± 2 μmol·m−2·s−1 for 20 h·d−1. At the end of week 4, a group of transplants from WR and WFR were moved to treatment compartments with W (WRW or WFRW, respectively) or from W to a research greenhouse (WGH), where another group of transplants were also acclimated for 8 weeks (GH). Shrinkage of transplants acclimated indoors was also low in Expt. 2, ranging from 1% to 4%. In contrast, shrinkage of transplants acclimated in GH or under WGH was 37% or 14%, respectively. Growth of indoor-acclimated transplants was generally greater than that in GH or under WGH. Although growth responses were generally similar indoors, plants acclimated under WFR had a higher root dry mass (DM) and longer roots compared with GH and WGH.
Peculiarities of surgical tactics of patients with thymus tumors
Authors: Ponomarova Kateryna
Published: November 2021

The aim of the study: to study retrospective analysis results of the surgical treatment of thymus tumours for predicting long-time results.

Methods. Study included 35 patients who were treated at the Department of Thoraco-abdominal Surgery from September 2019 to May 2021. The control group included 20 patients with SVCS were treated with conventional techniques, while the experimental group included 15 patients who underwent a novel bypass surgery developed by us.

Results. The venous bypass was mandatorily complemented with cytoreduction. Complications in the post-operative period were reported from the experimental group and included auriculo-subclavian bypass thrombosis, post-operative complications were reported in the control group including haemorrhage from the sternotomy wound in 1 (3.3 %) case, superior vena cava thrombosis in 2 (6.6 %) cases, pneumonia in 2 (6.6 %). The relative risk of complications and lethal outcome was calculated for patients from both groups. It was found that the risk of complications was twice as high in the control group as in the experimental group (standard error of relative risk equals 0.64).

Conclusion. The first mandatory step of the radical surgery in patients with thymomas with SVC invasion should be the auriculo-jugular and auriculo-subclavian bypasses, which can reduce the relative risk of post-operative complications by a factor of the risk of lethal by a factor of 3.5
La necesidad de apoyo y la relación paterno- filial
Authors: Hurtado Rafael , Gotzón Santamaría Mikel
Published: November 2021

En el presente artículo se explorará la necesidad imperante de todo ser humano por experimentar el amor de Dios a través del amor de su origen físico y espiritual, a saber, sus propios padres de familia. En la primera parte del análisis se desarrolla un breve marco teórico, partiendo de la experiencia de ser persona, que explica la relación entre la noción de amor y felicidad humanos. Posteriormente se establece la conexión indeleble entre la necesidad de experimentar el amor de Dios y corresponderlo, pasando por el reconocimiento excelso de la libertad. Amar y ser amado en la tierra, en ese sentido, pasa por el acto libre humano de aceptar la posibilidad de ser copartícipes de la procreación y educación de los hijos de Dios. Finalmente, se exalta el compromiso de toda sociedad por revalorar la función que ejercen los padres de familia en la construcción del “hogar global” de los seres humanos.

Abstract:

The following article will explore the human need to experience the love of God, through the love of those who are our physical and spiritual origin, that is, our parents. The first part of the analysis will stablish a theoretical framework, drawn from our human experience, that explains the relationship between the notion of human love and happiness. Secondly, the connection between the need to experience God’s love in order to reciprocate it through freedom will be brought to our discussion. In that sense, to love and being loved on earth becomes a matter of acknowledging the true nature of human freedom up to the point of, willingly, co-participating in God’s plan to become parents, that is: to procreate and educate the children of God. Finally, the commitment of every society to rethink and value the function of parents to build society from the inside, the “global home” for human beings, will be exalted.

Key Words: Love, Family, Parenthood, Freedom, Happiness.
La predestinación como teleología trascendente: Molina y el primer molinismo
Authors: Cruz Cruz Juan
Published: November 2021

Este texto corresponde a una traducción de: Juan Cruz Cruz, “Predestination as trascendent teleology: Molina and the first Molinism”, en A companion to Luis de Molina (Brill, Leiden-Boston, 2014), 89-121.

This text corresponds to a translation of: Juan Cruz Cruz, "Predestination as transcendent teleology: Molina and the first Molinism", in A companion to Luis de Molina (Brill, Leiden-Boston, 2014), 89-121.
De camino hacia la Cruz. El recorrido de la iconografía proto cristiana
Authors: Zambruno Pablo
Published: November 2021

El arte cristiano en general debe asumir el desafío de enseñar las profundidades de la fe, mediante un designio estético. En el Cristianismo de la Antigüedad, este proceso enfrentaba dificultades excepcionales: la convicción de vivir los últimos tiempos y la proscripción de las imágenes por parte del judaísmo; fueron necesarias nuevas generaciones que asumieran creativamente las “ultimidades” y que establecieron un fuerte nexo entre templo y comunidad. Luego debió asumir la Cruz, dolor y muerte, como emblema estético.

Abstract:

Christian art in general must take up the challenge of teaching the depths of faith through an aesthetic design. In the Christianity of Antiquity, this process faced exceptional difficulties: the conviction of living in the end times and the proscription of images by Judaism; new generations were needed to creatively assume the "ultimities" and establish a strong link between temple and community. Then it had to assume the Cross, pain and death, as an aesthetic emblem.

Key words:

Paleo-Christianity. Christ. Theological aesthetics. Truth. Cross.
The nature and purpose of liberal education
Authors: Nicgorski Walter
Published: November 2021

This is the first of three lectures on the theme of Liberal Education and Human Freedom presented late in 2017 as a master class in Catedra Carlos Llano. The lectures were given at Universidad Panamericana’s campuses at Aguascalientes and Mexico City on successive weeks.
Libro: Sylvain Delcomminette, "Aristote et la nécessité" (Paris: Libraire Philosophique J. Vrin, 2018), 643 pp.
Authors: Calabrese Claudio
Published: November 2021

Reseña de libro.
Dynamic performance of engine timing transmission system with RU type synchronous belt
Authors: Hu Qingming , Hou Junpeng , Sun Dandan , Guo Jianhua
Published: November 2021

The dynamic characteristic of the timing system has a significant impact on the performance of the engine's NVH. With low contact stress and strong anti-interference ability, the arc tooth synchronous belt was adopted by engine timing transmission system. The multi-body dynamics model of the in-line four cylinder engine timing system was established. We explored the influence of crankshaft speed and initial tension on the dynamic performance of the engine timing system. The result shows when the crankshaft speed V= 2000 r/min and the initial tension of the synchronous belt F= 300 N, the load distribution of the RU type synchronous belt teeth root is more uniform. The stress is 0.2474 N/mm2 lower than the average value, and the transverse vibration amplitude decreases by 0.3067 mm. Under this circumstance, the fluctuation amplitude of camshaft angular velocity is 6.5312 rad/s lower than the maximum average amplitude, so the transmission error is reduced by 37.95 %. The fluctuation amplitude of interference value decreases by 0.3413 mm, and the fluctuation amplitude of interference velocity decreases by 263.8908 mm/s. The synchronous belt based engine timing transmission is more stable and the dynamic performance is better. It laid a solid foundation for the optimization of the tooth profile and load conditions of the engine timing system.
Mexicanos deportados de Estados Unidos a Ciudad Juárez por conducir bajo la influencia del alcohol
Authors: Muro Aréchiga Karen , Alarcón Rafael
Published: November 2021

En este artículo se analizan los factores legislativos, sociales y económicos que explican por qué un alto número de ciudadanos mexicanos han sido deportados formalmente de Estados Unidos bajo la acusación de conducir un vehículo bajo la influencia del alcohol. Para este fin, se analiza la transformación de la política de inmigración de Estados Unidos para examinar, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas, los procesos de deportación de 23 hombres mexicanos que fueron expulsados a Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México acusados de este delito en 2019. Los hallazgos revelan que los entrevistados tenían distintos niveles de consumo de alcohol y que la mayoría había iniciado dicha práctica en ese país. Se evidencia el papel protagónico de ofíciales de policías locales que actúan como “policías de inmigración” y el que a mayor tiempo de residencia de los inmigrantes en Estados Unidos mayor es la propensión a tener comportamientos de riesgo como el abuso del alcohol.
Association of Serum Interleukin-34 and Insulin Resistance with Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
Authors: Jiang Tiantian , Zhou Yong , Zhang Dongmei , Cao Zhiyong , Bian Laifang , Ni Yi , Zhu Xiangyang
Published: November 2021

Objective:

Insulin resistance (IR) is a key pathological process during the development
of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). The triglyceride-
glucose index (TyG index) is considered a novel marker of insulin resistance and can represent
peripheral tissue insulin sensitivity. Interleukin-34 (IL-34) is a cytokine of the short-chain helical
hematopoietic cytokine family and recent studies have shown that its serum levels may represent
an important biomarker for atherosclerosis. Here, we aimed to investigate whether the TyG index
and serum IL-34 levels were related to VCI in patients with CSVD.

Method:

This study included a total of 280 CSVD patients. TyG index, clinical baseline data, and
fasted venous blood for quantification serum levels of IL-34 were acquired within 24 hours of admission.
Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the association between potential
risk factors and VCI, and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the
diagnostic value of IL-34, TyG index, and their combination for detecting VCI.

Results:

Among all included CSVD patients, 166 patients (59.3%) were diagnosed with VCI based
on the cognitive function scale (MOCA). After adjusting for confounding factors, serum IL-34 levels
and TyG index were independently associated with VCI (P<0.05). Using ROC curve analysis,
the optimal thresholds for identification of VCI based on serum IL-34 levels and TyG index were
41.57pg/ml (area under the curve (AUC): 0.723; sensitivity 76.5%; specificity 64%) and 3.94
(AUC:0.727; sensitivity 72.3%; specificity 62.3%), respectively.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrated that IL-34 and TyG index are closely associated with VCI in
CSVD patients and may represent clinical therapeutic targets for CSVD.
The Influence of Gender and Age on the Outcomes of and Adherence to a Digital Interdisciplinary Mental Health Promotion Intervention in an Australasian Nonclinical Setting: Cohort Study
Authors: Przybylko Geraldine , Morton Darren , Morton Jason , Renfrew Melanie
Published: November 2021

Background

The global prevalence of mental health disorders is at a crisis point, particularly in the wake of COVID-19, prompting calls for the development of digital interdisciplinary mental health promotion interventions (MHPIs) for nonclinical cohorts. However, the influence of gender and age on the outcomes of and adherence to MHPIs is not well understood.

Objective

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of gender and age on the outcomes of and adherence to a 10-week digital interdisciplinary MHPI that integrates strategies from positive psychology and lifestyle medicine and utilizes persuasive systems design (PSD) principles in a nonclinical setting.

Methods

This study involved 488 participants who completed the digital interdisciplinary MHPI. Participants completed a pre and postintervention questionnaire that used: (1) the “mental health” and “vitality” subscales from the Short Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey; (2) the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21); and (3) Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWL). Adherence to the digital interdisciplinary MHPI was measured by the number of educational videos the participants viewed and the extent to which they engaged in experiential challenge activities offered as part of the program.

Results

On average, the participants (N=488; mean age 47.1 years, SD 14.1; 77.5% women) demonstrated statistically significant improvements in all mental health and well-being outcome measures, and a significant gender and age interaction was observed. Women tended to experience greater improvements than men in the mental health and well-being measures, and older men experienced greater improvements than younger men in the mental health and vitality subscales. Multiple analysis of variance results of the adherence measures indicated a significant difference for age but not gender. No statistically significant interaction between gender and age was observed for adherence measures.

Conclusions

Digital interdisciplinary MHPIs that utilize PSD principles can improve the mental health and well-being of nonclinical cohorts, regardless of gender or age. Hence, there may be a benefit in utilizing PSD principles to develop universal MHPIs such as that employed in this study, which can be used across gender and age groups. Future research should examine which PSD principles optimize universal digital interdisciplinary MHPIs.

Trial Registration

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12619000993190; http://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=377889 and Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12619001009101; http://www.anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12619001009101.aspx
The Influence of Gender and Age on the Outcomes of and Adherence to a Digital Interdisciplinary Mental Health Promotion Intervention in an Australasian Nonclinical Setting: Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Przybylko Geraldine , Morton Darren , Morton Jason , Renfrew Melanie
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND

The global prevalence of mental health disorders is at a crisis point, particularly in the wake of COVID-19, prompting calls for the development of digital interdisciplinary mental health promotion interventions (MHPIs) for nonclinical cohorts. However, the influence of gender and age on the outcomes of and adherence to MHPIs is not well understood.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of gender and age on the outcomes of and adherence to a 10-week digital interdisciplinary MHPI that integrates strategies from positive psychology and lifestyle medicine and utilizes persuasive systems design (PSD) principles in a nonclinical setting.

METHODS

This study involved 488 participants who completed the digital interdisciplinary MHPI. Participants completed a pre and postintervention questionnaire that used: (1) the “mental health” and “vitality” subscales from the Short Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey; (2) the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21); and (3) Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWL). Adherence to the digital interdisciplinary MHPI was measured by the number of educational videos the participants viewed and the extent to which they engaged in experiential challenge activities offered as part of the program.

RESULTS

On average, the participants (N=488; mean age 47.1 years, SD 14.1; 77.5% women) demonstrated statistically significant improvements in all mental health and well-being outcome measures, and a significant gender and age interaction was observed. Women tended to experience greater improvements than men in the mental health and well-being measures, and older men experienced greater improvements than younger men in the mental health and vitality subscales. Multiple analysis of variance results of the adherence measures indicated a significant difference for age but not gender. No statistically significant interaction between gender and age was observed for adherence measures.

CONCLUSIONS

Digital interdisciplinary MHPIs that utilize PSD principles can improve the mental health and well-being of nonclinical cohorts, regardless of gender or age. Hence, there may be a benefit in utilizing PSD principles to develop universal MHPIs such as that employed in this study, which can be used across gender and age groups. Future research should examine which PSD principles optimize universal digital interdisciplinary MHPIs.

CLINICALTRIAL

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12619000993190; http://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=377889 and Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12619001009101; http://www.anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12619001009101.aspx
Exploring digital biomarkers for wellbeing through exergame interactions (Preprint)
Authors: Petsani Despoina , Konstantinidis Evdokimos , Katsouli Katerina , Zilidou Vasiliki , Dias Sofia Balula , Hadjileontiadis Leontios , Bamidis Panagiotis
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND

Ecologically valid evaluations of patient states or wellbeing by means of new technologies is a key issue in contemporary research in silver science. The in-game metrics generated from interaction of users with serious games can potentially be used in predicting or characterizing user’s health and well-being state. There is currently an increasing body of research that investigates the use of measures from interaction with games as digital biomarkers for health and wellbeing

OBJECTIVE

The research objective of this paper is the prediction of wellbeing digital biomarkers from data collected during the interaction with Serious Games (SGs), using as ground truth the values of standard clinical assessment tests

METHODS

The dataset is gathered during the interaction of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients with the webFitForAll exergame platform, a serious games engine designed for promoting physical activity among older adults, patients and vulnerable population. The collected data, referred as in-game metrics, represent body movements captured by a 3D sensor camera and translated into game analytics. Standard clinical tests gathered before and after the long-term interaction with exergames (pre-test vs post-test) were used to provide the user baselines.

RESULTS

Our results show that in-game metrics can effectively categorize participants into groups of different cognitive and physical states. Different in-game metrics have higher descriptive value for specific tests and can be used to predict a value range for these tests.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results provide encouraging evidence for the value in-game metrics as digital biomarkers and can boost the analysis of improving in-game metrics in order to obtain more detailed results.
Correction: National Disability Insurance Scheme and Lived Experience of People Presenting to the Emergency Department: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: McIntyre Heather , Loughhead Mark , Hayes Laura , Procter Nicholas Gerard
Published: November 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

In ‘National Disability Insurance Scheme and the Lived Experience of Psychosocial Disability for People Presenting to the Emergency Department: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study’ some errors were noted after publication. One author has requested a revision of the text; although the article was signed off the author’s contribution was not contained in the article.
PREPARATION AND STABILITY EVALUATION OF LL-37 CREAM
Authors: MIRANDA ELIZA , BRAMONO KUSMARINAH , RIZKY LUDDWI ACHMAD , HAYUN
Published: November 2021

Objective: The present study aimed to prepare LL-37 in a cream formulation (O/W emulsion) and evaluate its stability by determining the physical changes in the cream and concentration of LL-37 using validated high-performance liquid chromatography.
Methods: The method was conducted at room temperature using a C18 column (5 µm × 250 mm × 4.6 mm) as a stationary phase, a mixture of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA)/water (A) and 0.1% TFA/acetonitrile (B) (85:15) as the mobile phase, a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, and photodiode array set at 228 nm as the detector. The method was validated in compliance with the Association of Official Analytical Chemists and International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. It demonstrated excellent linearity, accuracy, precision, specificity, the limit of detection, and limit of quantitation.
Results: The chromatographic analysis indicated minimal degradation of LL-37 during the 12-week, with a predicted expiry time of 99 and 75 mo stored at 4 °C and 28 °C, respectively.
Conclusion: LL-37 cream establishes good physical characteristics and stabilizes the active ingredient, especially at 4 °C and 28 °C storage. Therefore, the emulsion delivery system of LL-37 cream is harmless and stable as a novel alternative vehicle of LL-37.