bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ВІДТВОРЕННЯ ПРОДУКТИВНИХ СИЛ В УМОВАХ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЇ
Authors: Didovets Alina
Published: September 2021

The article summarizes the scientific material on the topic, substantiates the idea that the decisive condition for economic and social growth of the country is the reproduction of productive forces, the territorial features, condition and nature of which depend on the modern development of all regions of Ukraine. The categorical and meaningful characteristic of the concept of «productive forces» is understood, by which we understand the totality of human, material and other force elements, with their inherent forming effect, which are involved in the production of means, maintenance of the conditions of human existence, social progress and self-reproductive capacity of nature, and social community, but taking into account the principle of improving the environmental situation, which will require the greening of consciousness, legislation, management. The principles of allocation of productive forces are given, among them: rational and complex placement of production, balance and proportionality of distribution of production, domestic and international division of labor, limited centralism. It is proved that the process of globalization of the world economy creates the need for European integration of Ukraine, which, in turn, will contribute to radical transformations in the way of increasing the level of socio-economic development of a democratic state and the restoration of productive forces through the restoration of all factors of production.
СТРАТЕГІЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ІНВЕСТУВАННЯ В ЛЮДСЬКИЙ КАПІТАЛ ДЛЯ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ РОЗВИТКУ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Khomenko Inna , Volynets Lyudmyla , Chubyckina Anna
Published: September 2021

The article identifies the essence of human capital, which is characterized by the UNDP Human Development Index (HDI) and reflects the development of mankind, combining in one indicator information about health, education and income. This indicator has long been an impeccable tool for comparison and a basis for national priorities. Outlines the importance of investing in human capital at all levels in modern conditions. The importance of human capital revealed, the importance of human development assessment for the national economy outlined. The index of human development and Ukraine's position in the world ranking analyzed. The growing relevance of investing in human capital is a key value of modern society, as well as one of the basic factors of economic growth. That is why there is a need to study issues related to the formation and development of human capital, its impact on economic growth of the national economy, the importance of investing in human capital becomes especially relevant. The effect of COVID-19 virus on the human development index was assessed.
O caso mais grosseiro da semiologia
Authors: Henriques Stefania Montes
Published: September 2021

Este livro se propõe a investigar como o nome próprio é considerado nas elaborações de Ferdinand de Saussure. Essa categoria linguística é considerada como um dos problemas mais espinhosos nos estudos da linguagem, em virtude de ser heterogênea e não possuir uma regra geral que seja aplicável a todas as línguas naturais e por envolver em sua constituição a arbitrariedade e a fala. Assim, efetuamos um percurso teórico pelos estudos da linguagem do século XIX, enfatizando teorias no âmbito da Filosofia e da Linguística, o que nos proporcionou elementos para questionar a posição de Saussure sobre essa categoria linguística. Considerando que a produção saussuriana não se restringiu ao CLG, detivemo-nos em seus estudos comparatistas, nos manuscritos sobre linguística e sobre as Lendas Germânicas. Mediante a análise desses materiais, percebemos que o nome próprio participa do movimento de fundação da linguística moderna, na medida em que é um ponto nevrálgico nas elaborações saussurianas.
MODELO SOCIOAMBIENTAL GLOBAL E MINERAÇÃO NO BRASIL: A RELAÇÃO ENTRE ESTADO E MERCADO EM DISCURSO
Authors: Mota Simões Paulo Everton , Ericson Sóstenes
Published: September 2021

O artigo examina os efeitos da relação entre Estado brasileiro e o mercado da mineração tendo em vista o desenvolvimento sustentável como modelo socioambiental vigente no capitalismo. Parte do pressuposto de que o relatório Brundtland forjou um modelo socioambiental, cujo objetivo central é remover a contradição entre crescimento econômico e preservação da Natureza. Utiliza-se o aporte teórico e metodológico da Análise do Discurso pecheuxtiana, cujos procedimentos teórico-analíticos são definidos à luz do materialismo histórico. No modelo socioambiental vigente, as grandes corporações, como é o caso da Vale, realizam uma apropriação privada dos bens naturais coletivos, pois necessitam aumentar sua produtividade e alcançam esse fim ao transformar bens não mercantis em mercadoria, ao mesmo tempo em que transferem os danos socioambientais à sociedade. A parceria entre Estado e mercado, no atual modelo socioambiental vigente, faz com que o poder do Estado conduza a tal apropriação, por parte da grande corporação transnacional de mineração, dos bens naturais coletivos, ao mesmo tempo em que transferem os danos socioambientais, decorrentes da atividade produtiva, à sociedade.
On the average values of fuzzy numbers and their systems
Authors: Хацкевич Владимир Львович
Published: September 2021

В настоящей работе рассмотрены экстремальные свойства средних значений нечетких чисел, а также их систем. Вводятся нелинейные средние и изучаются их свойства.

In this paper, we consider the extreme properties of the mean values of fuzzy numbers, as well as their systems. Nonlinear means are introduced and their properties are observed.
Required service rate for mixed traffic
Authors: Сидорова Оксана Игоревна , Хохлов Юрий Степанович
Published: September 2021

В данной работе нами получены границы для скорости обслуживания при некоторых ограничениях на характеристики обслуживания в неоднородной модели входящего трафика, основанной на сумме независимых фрактального броуновского движения и симметричного $\alpha$-устойчивого движения Леви с разными коэффициентами Херста $H_1$ и $H_2=1/\alpha$.
Хорошо известно, что для процессов, приращения которых имеют тяжёлые хвосты, методы расчета эффективной пропускной способности, основанные на производящей функции моментов входящего потока, не применимы. Однако существуют простые соотношения между характеристиками потока, скоростью обслуживания $C$ и вероятностями $\varepsilon(b)$ переполнения для конечного и бесконечного буфера, из которых при фиксированном значении $\varepsilon(b)$ можно выразить $C$.

In this paper we analyse the nonhomogenous traffic model based on sum of independent Fractional Brownian motion and
symmetric $\alpha$-stable Levy process with different Hurst exponents $H_1$ and $H_2=1/\alpha$ and present bounds for the required service rate under QoS constraints.
It is well known that for the processes with long-tailed increments effective bandwidths are not expressed by means of the moment generating function of the input flow. However we can derive simple relations between the flow parameters, service rate $C$ and overflow probabilities $\varepsilon (b)$ for finite and infinite buffer. In this way it is possible to find
required service rate $C$ under a constraint on maximum overflow probability.
Elevated glycolysis imparts functional ability to CD8+ T cells in HIV infection
Authors: Rahman AKM Nur-ur , Liu Jun , Mujib Shariq , Kidane Segen , Ali Arman , Szep Steven , Han Carrie , Bonner Phil , Parsons Michael , Benko Erika , Kovacs Colin , Yue Feng Yun , Ostrowski Mario
Published: September 2021

The mechanisms inducing exhaustion of HIV-specific CD8+ T cells are not fully understood. Metabolic programming directly influences T-cell differentiation, effector function, and memory. We evaluated metabolic profiles of ex vivo CD8+ T cells in HIV-infected individuals. The baseline oxygen consumption rate of CD8+ T cells was elevated in all infected individuals and CD8+ T cells were working at maximal respiratory capacity. The baseline glycolysis rate was enhanced only during early untreated HIV and in viral controllers, but glycolytic capacity was conserved at all stages of infection. CD8+ T-cell mTOR activity was found to be reduced. Enhanced glycolysis was crucial for HIV-specific killing of CD8+ T cells. CD8+ T-cell cytoplasmic GAPDH content was reduced in HIV, but less in early infection and viral controllers. Thus, CD8+ T-cell exhaustion in HIV is characterized by reduced glycolytic activity, enhanced OXPHOS demands, dysregulated mTOR, and reduced cytoplasmic GAPDH. These data provide potential metabolic strategies to reverse CD8+ T-cell dysfunction in HIV.
BIO-STATISTICS TECHNIQUES
Authors: Kaur Dr.Gurusharan , Kaur Dr. Rajinder , Tripathi Dr. Namrata
Published: September 2021

An Introduction has been designed to serve as a text for students studying science subjects such as biotechnology, micro-biology,Pharmacy and environmental science. In recent years, biostatistics has been used widely for solving research problems in life sciences. As with most tools, biostatistics is not of much use unless the user understands its application and purpose. In order to perform efficiently in the present complex world, a researcher in the life science field ought to know enough about the basic principles of data analysis and has to be certain that all available information is used effectively to solve a given problem.
Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor – A Case Report
Authors: Srinath Dr.Sahana
Published: September 2021

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor, a benign tumor of odontogenic origin has known for many years. Only few case reports have been published in the literatute and hence considered to be an uncommon tumor. The lesion has been called by various names as it has exhibited in various clinical and histological patterns for which the origin and histogenesis still remains uncertain. Here, we report a case of 18 year old female patient who came to us with a complain of swelling in the upper anterior tooth region and radiographically showing an Extrafollicular radiolucency adjacent to the crown of an impacted canine tooth.
“Evaluation of the outcome of treatment with liquid supported complete denture and conventional complete denture for the management of long term denture wearer patient having flabby resorbed mandibular ridge- A case report”
Authors: Abhijit Anil Dr. Tambe , B. Patil. Sanjayagouda B. Patil Dr. Sanjayagouda , Manohar Badadare Dr. Mokshada , Bhat Dr. G. Sudhakara
Published: September 2021

Objective: To present the outcome of a case with completely edentulous poor and flabby mandibular ridge rehabilitated using liquid supported denture and conventional complete denture. Case report: A 71- year old female patient was successfully rehabilitated using liquid supported mandibular denture for the management of flabby tissues. Methodology: Initially patient was given conventional complete denture. Once the patient was comfortable and started using same denture then liquid supported denture was introduced to the patient. After all post insertion follow up appointment patient was asked to give feedback for both dentures in the form of questionnaire. Results: The post-insertion check-ups after insertion of liquid supported denture and conventional denture showed that liquid supported denture can be a promising solution to certain problematic situations such as poor and flabby ridges, which are difficult to rehabilitate prosthodontically.
Osseodensification- the ideal path to accomplish complete osseointegration
Authors: Acharya Dr Priyanka , Paramashiviah Dr Rashmi , MLV Dr Prabhuji , Khaleelahmed Bhavikatti Dr Shaeesta
Published: September 2021

Implant stability is a prerequisite for successful implant osseointegration. Over the years, implant site preparation has been refined taking into consideration the fact that, the bone is a viable tissue. Even minor alterations in the steps of osteotomy like overheating, increased pressure etc. could lead to failure in osseointegration. This could be due to an alteration in the microvascular dynamics. Implant site osteotomies have been prepared using conventional drills since several decades. These drills are designed so as to excavate the native bone to create room for the implant to be placed. Contrary to that, a new technique is introduced which instead of excavating the bone tissue compacts and autografts the bone in an outwardly expanding directions from the osteotomy. This novel approach termed osseodensification, aids to preserve the bony bulk, increase primary stability through densification of the osteotomy walls, hastens the healing and facilitates ridge expansion. This narrative review focuses on the new bone drilling concept, namely osseodensification and its advantages over the standard subtractive drilling techniques.
Evaluation of the effect of cetrimide with edta on Microhardness and surface changes in root dentin – An invitro study
Authors: Patil Dr. Swarooparanil , Prasad Dr. B.S. Keshava
Published: September 2021

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of cetrimide with or without EDTA solution on the microhardness and surface changes in root dentin. Single rooted human mandibular premolar teeth were decoronated and sectioned longitudinally. The root segments were horizontally embedded in autopolymerizing resin. These specimens were randomly divided into 6 experimental groups according to the irrigating solution used. The irrigating solutions used were 5% EDTA, 5%EDTA + 0.25% Cetrimide, 5%EDTA + 0.50% Cetrimide, 0.25% Cetrimide, 0.50% Cetrimide and distilled water. Each group was further divided into two subgroups. First subgroup specimens were employed for microhardness testing using vicker’s indenter. Second subgroup specimens were used to evaluate the surface changes of root dentin under stereomicroscope. Comparison of the mean microhardness of test groups was done using ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey’s test. Pre- and post- treatment hardness values were compared using student paired t test. The data obtained from surface erosion scoring was subjected to statistical analysis using Chi square test. Results of this study showed significant reduction in the microhardness of dentin for all the groups except for the distilled water (p<0.001). The greatest reduction in dentin microhardness was observed with Group-3 (5% EDTA + 0.50% CTR). Specimens in 5% EDTA group showed greater erosion than other groups. Within the limitations of this study it was concluded that all the tested irrigating solutions reduced the microhardness of root dentin except distilled water. Maximum reduction in microhardness was observed with addition of 0.50% cetrimide to EDTA. EDTA increased the surface roughness of root dentin irrespective of cetrimide association. Use of cetrimide at concentrations higher than 0.25% would be detrimental to the microhardness of dentin.
Monitoring and Quantifying Change in the Tropical Rainforest
Authors:   , Pierce Jessica
Published: September 2021

The Mamoní Valley Preserve (MVP) is a conserved area of rainforest in Panama. The conservation of tropical rainforests has a global impact due to their ability to sequester vast amounts of carbon imperative in regulating the earth’s climate. Due to increased deforestation of these areas, the landcover is constantly changing. Daniel Klooster uses GIS to aid MVP stakeholders. Klooster needed a tracking and monitoring system of landcover change events to know where deforestation is prominent and mitigate this issue. A data entry platform was created to record landcover change events. To quantify these changes events, a toolbox that calculated distances of vulnerable areas to at risk of deforestation was created. This toolbox output was used to create maps conservation stakeholders of the MVP use to aid in the conservation and management of the rainforest.
History of miscarriage as a risk factor for hepatitis C virus infection in pregnant Iraqi women
Authors: Al Kubaisy W. A. , Niazi A. D. , Kubba K.
Published: September 2021

Sera from 3491 pregnant women were screened for the presence of HCV antibodies [anti-HCV]. HCV genotyping was also performed on the sera of 94 women. The overall anti-HCV seroprevalence was 3.21%. Anti-HCV seroprevalence was significantly positively correlated with the number of miscarriages. Miscarriage was a significant risk factor for the acquisition of HCV infection from the first miscarriage up to the fifth, the risk increasing with increasing number of miscarriages. A higher proportion of women with a history of miscarriage harboured HCV-1b compared to those with no miscarriage.
Tuberculous meningoencephalitis in Baghdad,1993-99: a clinical study of 224 cases
Authors: Al Abbasi A. M.
Published: September 2021

This study examined all cases of tuberculous meningoencephalitis admitted to Ibn El-Khateeb Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Baghdad from 1993 to 1999. The diagnosis was based on the patient’s history, clinical findings, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, microbial isolation and response to antitubercular drug therapy. The findings for cases diagnosed with tuberculous meningoencephalitis were compared with other types of meningitis. There were 224 cases comprising 5% of the total number of meningitis cases admitted during this period. The male to female ratio was 1.4: 1. The age range was from 6 months to 72 years and the overall case fatality rate was 21%.
Intestinal parasites, including Cryptosporidium species, in Iraqi patients with sickle-cell anaemia
Authors: Mahdi N. K. , Ali N. H.
Published: September 2021

Stool samples were obtained from individuals admitted to three hospitals in Basra during November 1997-May 1998. Of 40 patients with sickle-cell anaemia, 25 [62.5%] had parasitic infections. In the apparently healthy comparison group, 26 of 175 individuals [14.8%] had intestinal parasitic infections, a statistically significant difference. The most common intestinal parasites isolated in the sickle-cell patients were Blastocystis hominis [36%] and Giardia lamblia [28%]. The isolation rate of Cryptosporidium species in sickle-cell patients [5%] was not significantly different from that in apparently healthy individuals [1.14%]. We report for the first time the isolation of Isospora belli from a sickle-cell patient in Iraq and the Mediterranean region.
Impact of schistosomiasis on quality of life and productivity of workers
Authors: Kamel M. I.
Published: September 2021

The effect of schistosomiasis on quality of life [QOL] and productivity of workers was examined. In a textile factory in Alexandria, Egypt, personal, occupational and sociodemographic data were collected from 172 workers with schistosomiasis and 172 workers without schistosomiasis. Several indicators of productivity and the World Health Organization QOL brief were used to determine the impact of schistosomiasis. The disease affected the general, physical and independence, psychological and spiritual, and social domains of QOL. Although the productivity score of workers with schistosomiasis did not differ significantly from the control group, they had significantly lower additional hours of work and lower total incentives/month. A significant relationship was found between severity of schistosomiasis and QOL domains and productivity indicators.
Screening for congenital hypothyroidism in the Islamic Republic of Iran: strategies, obstacles and future perspectives
Authors: Ordookhani A.
Published: September 2021

The operational feasibility of a congenital hypothyroidism [CH] screening programme was assessed. Cord blood spot specimens were collected at seven Teheran hospitals and within the Damavand District health network. Cord thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH] levels > or = 20 mU/L were recalled and levothyroxine [L-T4] therapy was started immediately after diagnosis of CH. Of 20, 107 acceptable specimens, 22 neonates had CH [1: 914 births]. The recall rate was 1.3%. Screening coverage was 90% of live births. Of all cord samples, only 0.2% were unacceptable either because of delay in transportation or improper specimen collection. Median ages at the time of diagnosis and starting treatment were 12 and 8 days respectively. Screening for CH is feasible and a national screening programme is a necessity.
twitter sharing button linkedin sharing button facebook sharing button whatsapp sharing button email sharing button print sharing button Xerophthalmia among hospitalized Iraqi children
Authors: Al Kubaisy W. , Al Rubaiy M. G. , Nassief H. A.
Published: September 2021

To determine the impact of sanctions on the nutritional status of Iraqi children aged < 6 years, a random sample of 700 patients [age range: 0-6 years] from the Saddam Paediatric Hospital, Diyala Province, Iraq were examined ophthalmologically for evidence of xerophthalmia. Data on the history of infection, feeding and night blindness were also collected. The prevalence of xerophthalmia was 29%, mostly among children aged 1-3 years. Xerophthalmia was significantly inversely associated with breastfeeding and highly associated with common childhood infections such as measles, diarrhoea and respiratory tract infection. Xerophthalmia is a common problem among sick Iraqi children. Efforts to identify, evaluate and monitor vitamin A deficiency and to advocate and plan its eradication should be implemented.
Information needs assessment for HIV/AIDS and STIs in the Eastern Mediterranean Region
Authors: Tawilah J. , Tawil O. , Bassiri S. , Ziady H.
Published: September 2021

We assessed information needs about HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted infections [STI] in the Eastern Mediterranean Region by surveying a sample of people considered knowledgeable about the subject. Respondents felt that information on certain areas of HIV/AIDS/STIs was much needed. Health care workers were perceived to see a high need for information and services generally. Religious and community leaders were perceived to see less need for some information and services [such as condom promotion, sex education for young people]. All groups were perceived to see a need for education and services for people living with AIDS and drug users. Television and radio were considered the best channels for health education while training was seen as the most effective method for information exchange.
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND MANUFACTURING PERFORMANCE: NIGERIA’S COINTEGRATION AND CAUSAL EVIDENCE
Authors:   Department of Economics, Caleb University Imota, Nigeria., Olamade Olumuyiwa
Published: September 2021

This paper investigates the long-run and causal relationships of technology spillovers on manufacturing performance in Nigeria using the share of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in gross fixed capital formation as a proxy for technology transfer for the period 1981 to 2019 in a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The FDI stock appears to be too low at less than 1% of capital formation to generate any significant positive spillovers on manufacturing performance, resulting in an insignificant negative long-run relationship and the absence of causal relationships. The size of the local market has the most significant positive long-run effect on manufacturing performance, and the causality for this effect is one-way from manufacturing. A one-way causality was also observed from manufacturing to income per capital, though the long-run effect was significantly negative. The paper concluded that FDI technology spillover is presently not a major factor in Nigeria’s manufacturing performance. This may be redressed with policies aimed at increasing FDI inflows, increasing the technology-learning capacity of local firms and their vertical integration with foreign firms, and the creation of national infrastructure for technology development and diffusion
THE INFLUENCE OF WESTERN CULTURE ON THE FORMATION OF CARPATHIAN UKRAINE IN THE NOVEL «SUN FROM THE WEST» BY ULAS SAMCHUK
Authors: Podvyshennyi Alexander
Published: September 2021

The relevance of this article is due to the fact that in recent decades Ulas Samchuk is rapidly returning to the Ukrainian literary discourse. In view of the European integration policy of the Ukrainian State, more and more attention is paid to the methods of cultural imperialism, imagology, comparative studies, Occidental philosophy, etc., which we used in this text. In our study, considerable attention is also paid to the influence of Western culture and politics on the formation of the national idea of the Ukrainian nation – the formation of the Ukrainian Conciliar Independent State. We learned that a significant role in the development of the ethnopsychological charisma of the Hutsuls was played by Ukrainians from exile, who during the interwar period inhabited Czechoslovakia, Poland, France and the United States, and with the beginning of events began to return home. The novel-report «Sun from the West» (1949) provides invaluable material on the basis of which we can trace in a clear chronological sequence the change of worldview paradigm of Ukrainians from silent observers to active, fully conscious citizens who set the task of forming a political nation. its integration into the Western world. Nevertheless, Ulas Samchuk draws the reader's attention to the fact that the Ukrainian people have not yet been able to become a nation, given the events in Carpathian Ukraine. He lacked the will to fight, national dignity and self-awareness, education, spirituality and culture. That is why many European grandees did not seriously assess the ambitions of the young Ukrainian state to claim independence and did not allow the Ukrainian Government to defend its positions on an equal footing. The main reason for such a political crisis was, in fact, the lack of a well-supplied army that could protect its borders. Further research should be devoted to the memoirs and diaries of Ulas Samchuk, in which he continues to reflect on the place and role of Ukraine in building a new world order in the context of the conflict of Western and Eastern civilizations.
A CASE STUDY ON ANIMAL BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS USING GAMLSS
Authors: FREITAS Lineu Alberto Cavazani de , TACONELI Cesar Augusto , SILVA José Luiz Padilha da , TAMIOSO Priscilla Regina , MOLENTO Carla Forte Maiolino
Published: September 2021

Animal behavior studies usually produce large amounts of data and a wide variety of data structures, including nonlinear relationships, interaction effects, nonconstant variance, correlated measures, overdispersion, and zero inflation, among others. We aimed to explore here the potential of generalized additive models for location, scale and shape (GAMLSS) in analyzing data from animal behavior studies. Data from 20 Romane ewes from two genetic lineages submitted to brushing by a familiar observer were analyzed. Behavioral responses through ear posture changes, a count random variable, and the proportion of time to perform the horizontal ear posture, a continuous random variable on the interval (0,1), with non-null probabilities in zero and one, were analyzed. The Poisson, negative binomial, and their zero-inflated and zero-adjusted extensions models were considered for the count data, whereas the beta distribution and its inflated versions were evaluated for the proportions. Random effects were also included to consider the multilevel structure of the experiment. The zero adjusted negative binomial model has better fitted the count data, whereas the inflated beta distribution performed the best for the proportions. Both models allowed us to properly assess the effects of social separation, brushing, and genetic lineages on sheep behavioral. We may conclude that GAMLSS is a flexible framework to analyze animal behavior data.
Features of the calculation of individual fire risk at agricultural facilities
Authors: Savelyev Anatoly Petrovich , Shkrabak Vladimir Stepanovich , Enaleeva Svetlana Anatolievna , Chugunov Mikhail Nikolaevich , Shkrabak Roman Vladimirovich
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of ensuring fire safety at the objects of the agro-industrial complex. Modern approaches to ensuring fire safety make it possible to assess compliance with fire safety requirements based on fire risk calculations. The conducted studies revealed the features of calculating the individual fire risk and found that there is a need to adjust the methodology for calculating the fire risk for agro-industrial complex objects, which would take into account all the necessary factors.
Features of the formation of spring wheat grain yield in the Volga region
Authors: Goryanin Oleg Ivanovich , Shcherbinina Elena Vladimirovna
Published: September 2021

The results of the study of five seeding rates (variants) in the cultivation of spring durum wheat Bezenchukskaya Niva with seed treatment with Scenic Combi preparation (1.4 l/t) in order to identify the optimal rate are presented. On ordinary chernozem for 2017-2020 in the arid conditions of the Volga region, it was found out that when growing a crop for winter wheat, a decrease in seeding rates contributed to an increase in the coefficient of total and productive bushiness, the weight of grain from the ear and plant, the number of grains from the ear. On average, over the years of research, the yield of spring wheat grain at seeding rates of 2.0-5.0 million/ha was 2.00-2.22 t / ha. Under favorable weather conditions, the yield advantage was the norm of 4.0-5.0 million/ha by 6.2-37 %, in the acutely arid 2.0-3.0 million / ha by 3.4-16.4 % more, compared to other options. Wheat yield was most affected by the air temperature during the growing season (r=-0.97* to -0.99*). Of the elements of the structure, the maximum conjugacy with the yield at the norms of 1.0-4.0 is noted with the number and weight of grain from the ear and plant, the height of the plants (r=0,97*-1,0**). On average, over the years of research, the highest net income was established on the variants with the norm of 3.0-4.0 million / ha-17100.4-17442.8 rubles / ha, which is 761.9-1704.7 rubles/ha (4.7-10.8 %) more than the variants with the norm of 2.0 and 5.0 million/ha. The maximum level of profitability was revealed at the rate of 1.0 million / ha-194.6 %, which is 9.6-41.3% more than the options with the rate of 2.0-4.0 million / ha. Based on the conducted research, the seeding rate of 2.0-4.0 million/ha is recommended for the cultivation of spring durum wheat for commercial purposes. In the original seed production – 1.0 and 2.0 million/ha, providing a multiplication factor of up to 57.8 kg/kg of grain.
Trace element content in alluvial soils landscape of the flood plains of the Iput river
Authors: Silaev Andrei Leonidovich , Chesalin Sergey Fedorovich , Chekin Gennady Vladimirovich , Smolsky Evgeny Vladimirovich
Published: September 2021

The results of research on the content and distribution of trace elements in alluvial soils of various elements of the floodplain landscape, and their relationship with fertility indicators are presented. It has been found that the maximum concentrations of most trace elements (Ni, Zn, Mn, Cr, Co, Mo, As) are characteristic of the alluvial overhanging-marsh heavy-coal pristine subsystem of the floodplain landscape. In the riverine and perish subsystems of the floodplain landscape in individual layers of the corresponding soils, an excess of clark was found: in the alluvial sour acid layered primitive shortened sandy loam Cu by 1.5; Zn in 1.1; Cd 9.2 times, in alluvial chilli-marsh heavy-coal Cu 1.05; Zn in 1.4; Mn in 1.01; Cr in 1,2; Cd 3.2 times. For the riverine and perch subsystems, the excess of Cu, Mn and Cr was observed in the soil layer 0-5 cm, the remaining exceedances are characteristic of deeper layers. Decreasing rows of trace elements in alluvial soils have a similar structure. The microelements in question, in the soils of the floodplain landscape of the Iput River, in terms of clark concentration, belong to the group of dispersing. There is no significant correlation between micronutrient content and fertility of the alluvial soils under consideration.
THE GROWING TECHNOLOGY OF MIXED SEEDED PLANTS AT STUBBLE-FIELD
Authors: Allahverdiyev Elkhan Rajab , Mamedova Aytekin Sabir
Published: September 2021

One of the main measures to increase production in the field of grain and feed production in our republic is to increase the yield of grain and forage crops on plantations.The purpose of our research work is to study the effect of fertilization and irrigation rates on the yield, crop quality and soil fertility of crops sown in a mixture when planting honeysuckle. The results of research conducted in world agriculture show that mainly the yield and composition of mixed crops, the quality indicators of which depend on the components of the crops to be sown, their seeding rate and cultivation technology. As a result of studies conducted in the conditions of ancient irrigated gray-meadow soils of the Karabakh region of our republic, it was found that with 4 - fold vegetation irrigation (4200 m3), the yield of mixed sowing in the control version without fertilizers was 372 c/ha, while under the influence of mineral and organic mineral fertilizers, the yield increased and amounted to 447-627 c/ha. Based on the results of the study, it can be said that in order to obtain a high yield of green mass with the joint sowing of corn and soybeans, the optimal irrigation and fertilizer application rates were determined, the highest indicator was achieved in the variant where the fertilizer standards N120P150C150 were applied. In the course of the study, the influence of fertilizer application rates and optimization of the amount of irrigation on the quality indicators of feed, as well as on the yield obtained from mixed crops, was studied. As a result of the conducted analyses, the amount of raw protein, absolute dry matter, nitrate nitrogen in the natural mass, the yield of feed units per hectare and the amount of protein going for digestion were determined. Thus, the application of fertilizers within the optimal limits and the correct, timely supply of irrigation standards significantly increase the quality of the crop on a par with the yield on mixed crops, the soil fertility is preserved.
Spreading dynamics of mixed invasions (eimeriosis, helminthiasis ) in domestic chickens in Azerbaijan
Authors: Mamеdova Sevindzh Alibaba kyzy
Published: September 2021

Based on the results of the study, eimeriosis are widespread in poultry farms. They are also found in the form of polyinvasion mixed with helmintiasis. During the study of eimeriosis of domestic chickens, associative invasions such as eimeriosis-ascaridiosis-heteracidosis, eimeriosis-ascaridiosis- capillariosis were identified. It were detected infection with mixed invasion– with eimeriosis 39,3%, ascaridiosis 30,9%, heteracidosis 35,1% in Tovuz district, with eimeriosis 34,5%, ascaridiosis 23,0%, heteracidosis 27,8% in Gazakh district. ?t were explored infection with eimeriosis, ascaridiosis, capillyariosis in other farms of Tovuz and Gazakh district. In poultry farms of Tovuz district were detected infection with mixed invasion with eimeriosis 36,6%, with ascaridiosis 22,4%, with capillyariosis 16,3%. In Gazakh district were detected infection eimeriosis 30,3%, ascaridiosis 18,7%, capillyariosis 13,3%.
Commodity examination of the Lena sturgeon after the use of the feed additive "Reasil ® Humic Health" in the diet
Authors: Turenko Oksana Yuryevna , Vasiliev Alexey Alekseevich , Guseva Yulia Anatolyevna
Published: September 2021

The article presents studies on the evaluation of the commercial qualities of the Lena sturgeon when using the feed additive "Reasil ® Humic Health" in its diet. The obtained data allow us to conclude that the addition of the Reasil ® Humic Health feed additive based on unmodified microporous humic acids from leonardite to the granulated compound feed has a positive effect on the growth and development of the Lena sturgeon and increases their yield of edible body parts by 1.74 %, while not adversely affecting the anatomical state of the internal organs of the fish and contributing to the development of the internal organs of the Lena sturgeon. The results of the chemical analysis allow us to say about the intensive metabolism in the body of fish that received a feed additive and the deposition of a larger amount of dry matter in their muscle tissue.
Modified equations for hydraulic calculation of thermally insulated oil pipelines for the case of a power-law fluid
Authors: Ямилев Марат Замирович , Масагутов Азат Маратович , Николаев Александр Константинович , Пшенин Владимир Викторович , Зарипова Наталья Алексеевна , Плотникова Кристина Игоревна
Published: September 2021

Теплогидравлический расчет неизотермических трубопроводов является наиболее важным гидравлическим расчетом в рамках решения задач обеспечения надежности и безопасности работы нефтепроводной системы. Для практических расчетов применяются формулы Дарси - Вейсбаха и Лейбензона. При этом в ряде случаев (короткие теплоизолированные участки, поверхностный обогрев нефтепроводов) можно использовать упрощенный подход к расчету, пренебрегая изменением температуры или учитывая температурные поправки. В настоящее время формулы для аналитического расчета движения высоковязких нефтей в форме уравнения Лейбензона получены только для ньютоновской и вязкопластичной жидкостей. Для степенной жидкости соответствующие зависимости отсутствуют, расчет ведется с использованием формулы Дарси - Вейсбаха. Целью настоящей статьи является представление формулы Дарси - Вейсбаха для изотермических течений степенной жидкости в форме уравнения Лейбензона. Данное представление позволит упростить процедуру проведения аналитических выкладок. В результате получены модифицированные уравнения Лейбензона для определения потери напора на участке нефтепровода в диапазоне индекса течения от 0,5 до 1,25. В указанном диапазоне относительное отклонение от результатов расчетов с использованием классических формул Метцнера - Рида и Ирвина не превышает 2 %.

The thermal-hydraulic calculation of non-isothermal pipelines is the most important hydraulic calculation in the framework of solving the problems of ensuring the reliability and safety of the oil pipeline system. For practical calculations, the Darcy - Weisbach and Leibenson formulas are used. Moreover, in a number of cases (short heat-insulated sections, surface heating of oil pipelines), a simplified approach to the calculation can be used, neglecting temperature changes or taking into account temperature corrections. At present, formulas for the analytical calculation of the motion of high-viscosity oils in the form of the Leibenson equation have been obtained only for Newtonian and viscoplastic fluids. For a power-law fluid, there are no corresponding dependences; the calculation is carried out using the Darcy - Weisbach formula. The purpose of this article is to present the Darcy - Weisbach formula for isothermal flows of a power-law fluid in the Leibenzon form, which will simplify the procedure for performing analytical calculations. The modified Leibenzon equations are obtained to determine the head loss in the oil pipeline section in the range of the flow index from 0.5 to 1.25. In the specified range, the relative deviation from the results of calculations using the classical Metzner - Reed and Irwin formulas does not exceed 2 %.
Mathematical model of pressure distribution in a main pipeline during pumping with the use of drug reducing agents, taking into account their degradation
Authors: Гареев Мурсалим Мухутдинович , Валиев Марат Иозифович , Карпов Филипп А.
Published: September 2021

Путевая деградация противотурбулентных присадок (ПТП) может стать причиной изменения основных параметров режима магистрального трубопровода - давления и расхода - относительно установившихся значений и осложнить контроль их отклонений от нормативных показателей. При этом до настоящего момента отсутствовала методика расчета режимов перекачки при использовании ПТП с учетом деградации. Авторами была поставлена цель по разработке методики для математического описания распределения давления в трубопроводе с учетом путевой деградации присадки, а также при различных концентрациях ПТП. Для достижения указанной цели предлагается дополнить уравнение баланса напоров с учетом эмпирической зависимости эффективности присадки от длины трубопровода. При расчетах давления в промежуточных точках трассы предлагается использовать данные опытно-промышленных испытаний по изменению эффективности ПТП. Для иллюстрации применения методики рассматриваются примеры перекачки нефти и нефтепродуктов с добавлением присадок в различных концентрациях. На основании экспериментальных данных получена адекватная математическая модель снижения эффективности ПТП по длине магистрального трубопровода для различных концентраций вводимой присадки.

Path degradation of drug reducing agents (DRA) can cause changes in the main mode parameters of the main pipeline; pressure and flow rate, relative to the stable values, and complicate the adjustment of their deviations from the standard indicators. At the same time, up until now there has been no methodology for calculating pumping modes when using DRA that takes degradation into account. The authors set a goal to develop a methodology to mathematically describe the pressure distribution in the pipeline, taking into account the path degradation of the agent, as well as the parameters at different DRA concentrations. To achieve this goal, it is proposed to supplement the equation of the pressure head balance with the empirical dependency of agent efficiency on the length of the pipeline. When calculating the pressure at intermediate points of the route, it is proposed to use the pilot run data on the change in the DRA efficiency. To illustrate the application of the methodology, examples of pumping oil and petroleum products with added agents in various concentrations are discussed. On the basis of the experimental data, an adequate mathematical model of the DRA efficiency reduction along the length of the main pipeline for different concentrations of introduced agent was obtained.
An Experimental Study Towards Decreasing the Energy Efficiency Index Value in Industrial Refrigerators
Authors: BAHAR Elif Merve , ERTEN Süleyman , AKTAŞ Mustafa
Published: September 2021

Energy labeling is performed according to the energy efficiency index (EEI) value in industrial coolers. In order to reduce the EEI value calculated according to the amount of energy consumed and the characteristics of the cooler. Two systems were designed in this study and the energy label class of the coolers was determined according to the obtained results. In this study, two different coolers (Type 1 and Type 2) were designed, manufactured and tested. The systems are designed using R290 (propane), a new generation natural and environmentally friendly refrigerant with two inlet-outlet evaporators, double condensers and double compressors to provide a homogeneous cooling. During the experiments, temperature-pressure measurements of the cooled products and cooling system equipment were taken from certain points every minute and test data were recorded. In the experiments, the average air temperature and relative humidity values of the test chamber of the experiment with resistance glass in the Type 1 cooler were measured as 25 ℃ and 59.09%, respectively, the average air temperature and relative humidity values of the test room of the Type 2 system experiment with antifogging film were measured as 25.231 ℃ and 57.207%, respectively. In the experiments, defrosting process was carried out twice a day in the coolers. During the experiment, the highest and lowest average temperatures of the cooled products were measured as -16.18 ℃ and -19.40 ℃. Increasing product temperatures during defrosting and stopping cooling increased the power consumption in the system. As a result of the calculations, the energy efficiency index value of the Type 1 resistance model was calculated to be 60.53 and it was seen that the energy label was class “E”. In the Type 2 model in which anti-fog coating film is used, the energy efficiency index value is 49.25 and it has been observed that the energy label is class "D".
A Simulated Annealing Algorithm for the Multi Resource Generalized Assignment Problem with Eligibility Constraint
Authors: ERTEN Kumsal , SARAÇ Tuğba , ÖZÇELİK Feriştah
Published: September 2021

The multi-resource generalized assignment problem (MRGAP) is an assignment problem in which each agent has more than one capacity-constrained resource. Although each agent cannot perform each job in real life, in the MRGAP literature it is generally assumed that each job can be assigned to each agent. In addition, working with as few agents as possible can create significant advantages, as each new agent creates audit tracking difficulties and additional costs. For this reason, in this study, the MRGAP problem, in which eligibility constraints are taken into account, has been addressed in a bi-objective manner. The objectives are to minimize the total load squares and the total number of agents. The objective of minimizing the total number of agents has been discussed for the first time in the MRGAP literature. These two objectives considered were scalarized by using the weighted sum method. A simulation annealing algorithm has been developed to solve large-scale problems. Randomly generated test problems were solved with the proposed methods and the obtained results were compared.
Encircling Probe Design for Eddy Current Inspection System Used in The Aluminum Clad Steel Wire Inspection
Authors: TAŞKIN Halim Burak , ÜSTKOYUNCU Nurettin
Published: September 2021

In this paper, an encircling probe design used in the inspection of conductive wires, which are qualified as aluminum clad steel (ACS) wire is made. The eddy current systems are widely used for the quality control of conductive materials as one of non-destructive testing methods. In these systems, it is possible to design and to use different types of probes according to the material type. Internal, encircling and surface probe types are used for the inspection of pipes, wires and plate conductive materials, respectively. The discontinuities on the conductor surfaces are detected and the changes in the inductance values of the coils of probes are analyzed with the electronic hardware and the quality control of the material is ensured. In this study, a sensitive probe design is realized to detect various defect on wire surfaces. The inductance value of the designed probe is calculated by using two and three dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) and the obtained results are compared. The inductance change of the probe was measured by an LCR meter while the probe contained sample ACS wires with different types of defects, these values are given in the table and the change graph is plotted. In addition, an impedance bridge circuit was set up with the probe and the results of the change in voltage induction on the coil are given as an oscilloscope image.