bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Higher Dimensional Cosmological Model of the Universe Dominated by Extended Chaplygin Gas
Authors: Wanjari Rupali , Khadekar G S , Malviya Ghanshyam
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we consider the extended Chaplygin gas equation of state as a model of dark energy which recovers quadratic barotropic fluids equation of state. We obtain an analytical expression of the energy density, Hubble parameter in terms of the scale factor in the framework of Kaluza Klein type FRW cosmological model.
Conformal Vector fields on a locally projectively flat kropina metric
Authors: Rajeshwari M R , Narasimhamurthy S K
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we study and characterize conformal vector fields on a Finsler manifold with the Kropina metric of projectively isotropic flag curvature. Further, we prove that any conformal vector field on a non-Riemannian locally projectively flat Kropina metric of dimension n ≥ 3 must be homothetic and completely determine conformal vector fields on a locally projectively flat Kropina metric.
Semi-Invariant Submanifolds of a Kenmotsu Manifold with Generalized Almost r-Contact Structure
Authors: Nivas Ram , Yadav Surendra
Published: September 2022

Semi-invariant sub manifolds of a certain class of almost contact manifolds have been studied by Kobayashi, Shahid and many other geometers. In the present paper, submanifolds of the Kenmotsu manifold with generalized almost r-contact structure have been defined and studied. Certain interesting results have been obtained
On Generalized (k; μ) Space Forms
Authors: Premalatha C R , Nagaraja H G
Published: September 2022

In this paper we study generalized (k, μ) space forms by considering flat, symmetry and semi-symmetry conditions. We find relations among associated functions to prove conformal flatness, projective flatness of generalized (k, μ) space forms. Further we prove that in a projectively flat generalized (k, μ) space form the associated functions f2 and f3 are linearly dependent.
Khitanan Massal Aman di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 dengan Tes Usap Antigen dan Smartclamp
Authors: Supartono Basuki , Kusumaningsih Prita , Kaurow Sarah Primadani , Suhaida Feby Triana , Mufida Fahira Shafira Qori
Published: September 2022

Pandemi virus corona (pandemi) menurunkan kemampuan ekonomi masyarakat sedangkan masyarakat ingin mengkhitan anaknya. Mengingat hal tersebut perlu ada kegiatan khitanan massal gratis. Risiko penularan Covid19 dapat diminimalkan dengan penerapan protokol kesehatan, skrining, dan teknik khitan yang cepat dengan menggunakan smartclamp. Masyarakat takut ke fasilitas kesehatan karena khawatir penularan virus corona dan karena tindakan tersebut berbayar. Perlu ada kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yaitu khitanan massal gratis yang aman dan nyaman. Khitanan massal gratis yang aman dan nyaman dengan penerapan protokol kesehatan, skrining dan teknik khitan smartclamp. Peserta yang mendaftar berjumlah 46 anak, dan 39 (85 %) di antaranya mengikuti kegiatan sosialisasi. Skrining Covid -19 dan tes usap antigen diikuti panitia, peserta dan pendamping. 45 peserta, pendamping, dan seluruh panitia semuanya lulus skrining. Pemeriksaan pra khitan diikuti 45 anak dan 4 di antaranya tidak memenuhi indikasi. Peserta yang hadir 41 anak, 1 anak batal dan yang dikhitan berjumlah 40 anakPasca khitanan massal tidak ada laporan dari peserta, orangtua, dan panitia yang terinfeksi Covid – 19. Khitanan massal di masa pandemi berhasil dilaksanakan dengan aman.
Evaluation of Aloe vera as a Natural Pharmaceutic in Mouthwashes: A Narrative Review
Authors: Poorkazemi Delaram , Malekzadeh Shafaroudi Ali , Nasiri Pegah , Aarabi Mohsen , Mehrani Sabet Javad
Published: September 2022

Context: Mouth rinses have been recognized as the main adjuvant or primary treatment to address many issues relating to dentistry. Previous studies have investigated the anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, anti-viral, antioxidant, anti-fungal, and anti-bacterial effects of Aloe vera. Recently, Aloe vera has been applied to treat several dental and oral conditions. Methods: Official web pages, such as Scopus, PubMed, and Microsoft were searched for collecting the required data using the keywords Aloe vera, Aloe vera mouthwash, Aloe vera mouth rinse, and dentistry. After checking the abstracts and titles, all relevant papers were retrieved for performing a full-text review. Results: Aloe vera was effective in reducing periodontal indices compared to chlorhexidine. It was also effective in treating oral diseases such as mucositis, postoperative pain, trismus, and dry socket incidence after the third molar extraction. Aloe vera decreased the number of colony-forming units during scaling and root planning (SRP). Conclusions: Aloe vera mouthwash was just as effective as other commercial mouthwashes in reducing the severity of radiation-induced mucositis, periodontal disease, the amount of S. mutans, the number of colony-forming units during SRP, and other situations which required a mouth rinse for the acceleration of treatment.
The state of knowledge of the jaguar Panthera onca (Linnaeus, 1758) (Carnivora, Felidae) during the Quaternary in Uruguay
Authors: MANZUETTI Aldo , JONES Washington , PEREA Daniel , UBILLA Martín , RINDERKNECHT Andrés , TORIÑO Pablo
Published: September 2022

Felids are the top predators in the environments they inhabit. They entered South America at the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary, but their fossil record in Uruguay, although informative, is scarce. In the present contribution, three new materials (two hemimandibles and an isolated first lower molar) assigned to Panthera onca (Linnaeus, 1758) are described. This material came from Quaternary sediments (Sopas, Dolores, and Libertad Formations) from several localities in Uruguay. Based on this material, different aspects of the paleobiology and paleoecology of jaguars are discussed. Remains of these felids were previously listed but never described; thus, the material analyzed here is the first fossil records reliably determined for P. onca in Uruguay. These felids would have shared an ecological niche with other large carnivores during the late Pleistocene in Uruguay, such as saber-toothed cats (Smilodon populator Lund, 1842; S. fatalis Leidy, 1868), Puma concolor Linnaeus, 1771, and short face bears Arctotherium Burmeister, 1879; and they would have fed upon medium-sized herbivores, principally in vegetated environments.
Prevalence of Breast Cancer Survivors Among Canadian Women
Authors: Kirkham Amy A. , Jerzak Katarzyna J.
Published: September 2022

Background: The 49% decrease in breast cancer mortality since 1986 has increased the number of breast cancer survivors requiring survivorship care. The purpose of this analysis was to estimate the 2022 prevalence of breast cancer survivors diagnosed within the past 15 years among Canadian women. Methods: We extracted the projected female breast cancer cases from 2007 to 2021 and rates of net survival (competing noncancer causes of death removed) from the Canadian Cancer Society’s statistical reports. Overall survival was extracted from published Ontario data. Using known survival rates for 1, 5, 10, and 15 years, we interpolated remaining years and applied the corresponding net and overall survival rates to the projected cases for each year from 2007 to 2021 to determine survivors in 2022. Prevalence for predefined age groups was also calculated. As an example of excess healthcare costs attributable to breast cancer, we calculated the excess costs of heart failure hospitalizations. Results: From 2007 to 2021, there were 370,756 breast cancer cases. Using net survival, 318,429 (85.9%) of these patients were projected to survive breast cancer by 2022, a prevalence of 2.1% of Canadian women. Using overall survival, prevalence was 1.8%. Prevalence increased with age group, from 0.01% of those aged 20 to 24 years to 12.7% of those aged ≥90 years, and from 1.0% among the working and/or child-raising (age 20–64 years) to 5.4% among elderly populations (age ≥65 years). Among these survivors, 24.9% of projected heart failure hospitalizations would be in excess of those among matched control subjects, with projected excess costs of $16.5 million CAD. Given the excess healthcare costs, potential for reduced contributions to the workforce, and reduced quality of life associated with long-term impairments and risk of excess non–breast cancer death, enhanced breast cancer survivorship care is warranted. Conclusions: With an overall prevalence of 2% among Canadian women, breast cancer survivors represent an increasing segment of the working-age and elderly populations.
Profile of the IoT core baseline for consumer IoT products
Authors: Fagan Michael , Megas Katerina , Watrobski Paul , Marron Jeffery , Cuthill Barbara
Published: September 2022

This publication documents the consumer profile of NIST's Internet of Things (IoT) core baseline and identifies cybersecurity capabilities commonly needed for the consumer IoT sector (i.e., IoT products for home or personal use). It can also be a starting point for businesses to consider in the purchase of IoT products. The consumer profile was developed as part of NIST's response to Executive Order 14028 and was initially published in Recommended Criteria for Cybersecurity Labeling for Consumer Internet of Things (IoT) Products. The consumer profile capabilities are phrased as cybersecurity outcomes that are intended to apply to the entire IoT product. This document also discusses the foundations for developing the recommended consumer profile and related considerations. NIST reviewed a landscape of relevant source documents to inform the consumer profile and engaged with stakeholders across a year-long effort to develop the recommendations.
Ballot Definition Common Data Format Specification
Authors: Long Benjamin , Dziurlaj John
Published: September 2022

This publication describes a ballot definition common data format for the interchange of logical and physical ballot style information. It contains a UML (Unified Modeling Language) model of the election data and a JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) and XML (eXtensible Markup Language) format derived from the UML model. It contains background information regarding how geopolitical geography is structured and used in the model and schemas. It also provides usage examples for anticipated use-cases. The format is comprehensive and at the same time very flexible, able to accommodate election scenarios used throughout the U.S. It is part of a series of common data format specifications for voting equipment.
Evidence accumulation, not ‘self-control’, explains dorsolateral prefrontal activation during normative choice
Authors: Hutcherson Cendri A , Tusche Anita
Published: September 2022

What role do regions like the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) play in normative behavior (e.g., generosity, healthy eating)? Some models suggest that dlPFC activation during normative choice reflects controlled inhibition or modulation of default hedonistic preferences. Here, we develop an alternative account, showing that evidence accumulation models predict trial-by-trial variation in dlPFC response across three fMRI paradigms and two self-control contexts (altruistic sacrifice and healthy eating). Using these models to simulate a variety of self-control dilemmas generated a novel prediction: although dlPFC activity might typically increase for norm-consistent choices, deliberate self-regulation focused on normative goals should decrease or even reverse this pattern (i.e., greater dlPFC response for hedonistic, self-interested choices). We confirmed these predictions in both altruistic and dietary choice contexts. Our results suggest that dlPFC response during normative choice may depend more on value-based evidence accumulation than inhibition of our baser instincts.
Regulation of pulmonary surfactant by the adhesion GPCR GPR116/ADGRF5 requires a tethered agonist-mediated activation mechanism
Authors: Bridges James P , Safina Caterina , Pirard Bernard , Brown Kari , Filuta Alyssa , Panchanathan Ravichandran , Bouhelal Rochdi , Reymann Nicole , Patel Sejal , Seuwen Klaus , Miller William E , Ludwig Marie-Gabrielle
Published: September 2022

The mechanistic details of the tethered agonist mode of activation for the adhesion GPCR ADGRF5/GPR116 have not been completely deciphered. We set out to investigate the physiological importance of autocatalytic cleavage upstream of the agonistic peptide sequence, an event necessary for NTF displacement and subsequent receptor activation. To examine this hypothesis, we characterized tethered agonist-mediated activation of GPR116 in vitro and in vivo. A knock-in mouse expressing a non-cleavable GPR116 mutant phenocopies the pulmonary phenotype of GPR116 knock-out mice, demonstrating that tethered agonist-mediated receptor activation is indispensable for function in vivo. Using site-directed mutagenesis and species-swapping approaches, we identified key conserved amino acids for GPR116 activation in the tethered agonist sequence and in extracellular loops 2/3 (ECL2/3). We further highlight residues in transmembrane 7 (TM7) that mediate stronger signaling in mouse versus human GPR116 and recapitulate these findings in a model supporting tethered agonist:ECL2 interactions for GPR116 activation.
Injury-induced pulmonary tuft cells are heterogenous, arise independent of key Type 2 cytokines, and are dispensable for dysplastic repair
Authors: Barr Justinn , Gentile Maria Elena , Lee Sunyoung , Kotas Maya E , Fernanda de Mello Costa Maria , Holcomb Nicolas P , Jaquish Abigail , Palashikar Gargi , Soewignjo Marcella , McDaniel Margaret , Matsumoto Ichiro , Margolskee Robert , Von Moltke Jakob , Cohen Noam A , Sun Xin , Vaughan Andrew E
Published: September 2022

While the lung bears significant regenerative capacity, severe viral pneumonia can chronically impair lung function by triggering dysplastic remodeling. The connection between these enduring changes and chronic disease remains poorly understood. We recently described the emergence of tuft cells within Krt5+ dysplastic regions after influenza injury. Using bulk and single-cell transcriptomics, we characterized and delineated multiple distinct tuft cell populations that arise following influenza clearance. Distinct from intestinal tuft cells which rely on Type 2 immune signals for their expansion, neither IL-25 nor IL-4ra signaling are required to drive tuft cell development in dysplastic/injured lungs. In addition, tuft cell expansion occurred independently of type I or type III interferon signaling. Furthermore, tuft cells were also observed upon bleomycin injury, suggesting that their development may be a general response to severe lung injury. While intestinal tuft cells promote growth and differentiation of surrounding epithelial cells, in the lungs of tuft cell deficient mice, Krt5+ dysplasia still occurs, goblet cell production is unchanged, and there remains no appreciable contribution of Krt5+ cells into more regionally appropriate alveolar Type 2 cells. Together, these findings highlight unexpected differences in signals necessary for murine lung tuft cell amplification and establish a framework for future elucidation of tuft cell functions in pulmonary health and disease.
Cancer genome and tumor microenvironment: Reciprocal crosstalk shapes lung cancer plasticity
Authors: Mansouri Siavash , Heylmann Daniel , Stiewe Thorsten , Kracht Michael , Savai Rajkumar
Published: September 2022

Lung cancer classification and treatment has been revolutionized by improving our understanding of driver mutations and the introduction of tumor microenvironment (TME)-associated immune checkpoint inhibitors. Despite the significant improvement of lung cancer patient survival in response to either oncogene-targeted therapy or anticancer immunotherapy, many patients show initial or acquired resistance to these new therapies. Recent advances in genome sequencing reveal that specific driver mutations favor the development of an immunosuppressive TME phenotype, which may result in unfavorable outcomes in lung cancer patients receiving immunotherapies. Clinical studies with follow-up after immunotherapy, assessing oncogenic driver mutations and the TME immune profile, not only reveal the underlying potential molecular mechanisms in the resistant lung cancer patients but also hold the key to better treatment choices and the future of personalized medicine. In this review, we discuss the crosstalk between cancer cell genomic features and the TME to reveal the impact of genetic alterations on the TME phenotype. We also provide insights into the regulatory role of cellular TME components in defining the genetic landscape of cancer cells during tumor development.
Distinct regions of H. pylori’s bactofilin CcmA regulate protein–protein interactions to control helical cell shape
Authors: Sichel Sophie R , Bratton Benjamin P , Salama Nina R
Published: September 2022

The helical shape of Helicobacter pylori cells promotes robust stomach colonization; however, how the helical shape of H. pylori cells is determined is unresolved. Previous work identified helical-cell-shape-promoting protein complexes containing a peptidoglycan-hydrolase (Csd1), a peptidoglycan precursor synthesis enzyme (MurF), a non-enzymatic homolog of Csd1 (Csd2), non-enzymatic transmembrane proteins (Csd5 and Csd7), and a bactofilin (CcmA). Bactofilins are highly conserved, spontaneously polymerizing cytoskeletal bacterial proteins. We sought to understand CcmA’s function in generating the helical shape of H. pylori cells. Using CcmA deletion analysis, in vitro polymerization, and in vivo co-immunoprecipitation experiments, we identified that the bactofilin domain and N-terminal region of CcmA are required for helical cell shape and the bactofilin domain of CcmA is sufficient for polymerization and interactions with Csd5 and Csd7. We also found that CcmA’s N-terminal region inhibits interaction with Csd7. Deleting the N-terminal region of CcmA increases CcmA-Csd7 interactions and destabilizes the peptidoglycan-hydrolase Csd1. Using super-resolution microscopy, we found that Csd5 recruits CcmA to the cell envelope and promotes CcmA enrichment at the major helical axis. Thus, CcmA helps organize cell-shape-determining proteins and peptidoglycan synthesis machinery to coordinate cell wall modification and synthesis, promoting the curvature required to build a helical cell.
Fip1 is a multivalent interaction scaffold for processing factors in human mRNA 3′ end biogenesis
Authors: Muckenfuss Lena Maria , Migenda Herranz Anabel Carmen , Boneberg Franziska Maria , Clerici Marcello , Jinek Martin
Published: September 2022

3′ end formation of most eukaryotic mRNAs is dependent on the assembly of a ~1.5 MDa multiprotein complex, that catalyzes the coupled reaction of pre-mRNA cleavage and polyadenylation. In mammals, the cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) constitutes the core of the 3′ end processing machinery onto which the remaining factors, including cleavage stimulation factor (CstF) and poly(A) polymerase (PAP), assemble. These interactions are mediated by Fip1, a CPSF subunit characterized by high degree of intrinsic disorder. Here, we report two crystal structures revealing the interactions of human Fip1 (hFip1) with CPSF30 and CstF77. We demonstrate that CPSF contains two copies of hFip1, each binding to the zinc finger (ZF) domains 4 and 5 of CPSF30. Using polyadenylation assays we show that the two hFip1 copies are functionally redundant in recruiting one copy of PAP, thereby increasing the processivity of RNA polyadenylation. We further show that the interaction between hFip1 and CstF77 is mediated via a short motif in the N-terminal ‘acidic’ region of hFip1. In turn, CstF77 competitively inhibits CPSF-dependent PAP recruitment and 3′ polyadenylation. Taken together, these results provide a structural basis for the multivalent scaffolding and regulatory functions of hFip1 in 3′ end processing.
Semi-field evaluation of human landing catches versus human double net trap for estimating human biting rate of Anopheles minimus and Anopheles harrisoni in Thailand
Authors: Yan Chanly , Hii Jeffrey , Ngoen-Klan Ratchadawan , Saeung Manop , Chareonviriyaphap Theeraphap
Published: September 2022

Background

Whilst the human landing catch (HLC) technique is considered the ‘gold standard’ for estimating human-biting rates, it is labor-intensive and fraught with potential risk of exposure to infectious mosquito bites. This study evaluated the feasibility and performance of an alternative method, the human double net trap (HDNT) relative to HLC for monitoring host-seeking malaria vectors of the Anopheles minimus complex in a semi-field system (SFS).

Methods

HDNT and HLC were positioned in two rooms, 30 m apart at both ends of the SFS. Two human volunteers were rotated between both traps and collected released mosquitoes (n = 100) from 6:00 pm till 6:00 am. Differences in Anopheles mosquito densities among the trapping methods were compared using a generalized linear model based on a negative binomial distribution.

Results

There were 82.80% (2,136/2,580) of recaptures of wild-caught and 94.50% (2,835/3,000) of laboratory-reared mosquitoes that were molecularly identified as An. harrisoni and An. minimus, respectively. Mean density of An. harrisoni was significantly lower in HNDT (15.50 per night, 95% CI [12.48–18.52]) relative to HLC (25.32 per night (95% CI [22.28–28.36]), p < 0.001). Similarly, the mean density of a laboratory strain of An. minimus recaptured in HDNT was significantly lower (37.87 per night, 95% CI [34.62–41.11]) relative to HLC (56.40 per night, 95% CI [55.37–57.43]), p < 0.001. Relative sampling efficiency analysis showed that HLC was the more efficient trap in collecting the An. minimus complex in the SFS.

Conclusion

HDNT caught proportionately fewer An. minimus complex than HLC. HDNT was not sensitive nor significantly correlated with HLC, suggesting that it is not an alternative method to HLC.
Floral ontogeny of Tachigali (Caesalpinioideae, Fabaceae) species
Authors: Marques Casanova Jamile , Cardoso Domingos , Barros Claudia Franca , de Lima Haroldo Cavalcante , De Toni Karen L.G.
Published: September 2022

Background

The present ontogenetic study reveals variations throughout floral development in three morphologically representative species from the genus Tachigali, allowing a better understanding of floral organs diversity, flower symmetry and their homologies, especially in Fabaceae, a diverse family that exhibits a wide variation in floral architecture. Tachigali (Caesalpinioideae) corresponds to an important Neotropical legumes tree genus with 58 species in Brazil. Species of the genus Sclerolobium Vogel were incorporated in its circumscription, increasing the diversity of its floral morphology.

Methods

This work aims to perform an ontogenetic study of T. denudata, T. paratyensis and T. spathulipetala, morphologically representative species of Tachigali, in order to describe the floral development and to better comprehend the floral morphology varieties among the species, using scanning electron microscopy.

Results

We found the studied species to have floral buds with acropetal and helical development along the inflorescence axis; sepals and petals with helical development, varying the position of the primordia in the bud, according to the different species; stamens with unilateral development and carpel with adaxial curvature. These data correspond to original records of Tachigali ontogeny and contribute to an improved understanding of floral morphology and symmetry with data related to the zygomorphic and early development of the sepals and petals.
The Effect of Promotional Format, Message Framing, and Psychological Distance on Perception and Engagement of Cause-related Marketing
Authors: Lii Yuan-Shuh , Ding May-Ching , Yang Alan Chin-Chien
Published: September 2022

Aims: This research provides a unique lens by offering a more comprehensive consideration of cause-related marketing (CRM) campaign effectiveness. Specifically, we propose that the relative effectiveness of contribution type (monetary vs. in-kind) may hinge upon message framing (loss vs. gain-framed).

Study Design: Integrating construal level and prospect theories with related CRM, message framing, and psychological distance literatures lead to propositions.

Methodology: Literature reviews were first conducted. Rationalized on the construal level theory, multiple propositions of the effect of psychological distance on different contribution types and message framing are presented. The relationships among these concepts are proposed to have significant and positive effects on the effectiveness of CRM promotional campaigns based on the literature reviewed.

Conclusion: The proposed research model not only advances the collective knowledge of construal level theory and psychological distance literatures, making a theoretical contribution specifically in the CRM field, but also should provide important marketing insights to guide CRM practices.
Effect of Foliar Application of Chemicals on Plant Architecture in Potted Ixora chinensis var. ‘Mini Double’
Authors: Guddad Meghalakshmi , Singh Alka , Shah H. P. , Chaudhari Parmeshvari , Ahlawat T. R.
Published: September 2022

The investigation aimed to study the effect of foliar application of chemicals on the plant canopy, vegetative growth and flowering, as well as on overall appearance of the Ixora chinensis plants grown in pot. Application of salicylic acid, benzyl adenine and silicon at different concentrations significantly influenced the growth, flowering, pigments as well as overall appearance of Ixora chinensis plants as compared to untreated plants (control). Plants treated with 10 mg/l and 20 mg/l salicylic acid showed significant increase in plant height, plant spread, number of branches with thicker stems and number of leaves and leaf area during the experiment. Further, the number of inflorescence per plant, inflorescence diameter and flowers per inflorescence were observed maximum in plants treated with 10 mg/l salicylic acid. Improved flowering period (89.60 days), delayed senescence and maximum in situ flower longevity (14.87 days) was observed in ixora plants sprayed with benzyl adenine at 30 mg/l. The maximum chlorophyll content (1.81 mg/g) in leaves and maximum anthocyanin content (0.282 mg/g) in petal tissue was observed with application of silicon at 1.5 % concentration, which was followed by silicon at 1.0 % concentration. The highest overall appearance as pot plant (4.15) on a visual basis was noted in ixora plants sprayed with salicylic acid at 10 mg/l, which was followed by salicylic acid at 30 mg/l and benzyl adenine 30 mg/l.
Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of a Medicinal Soap Made from Zingiber officinale and Syzygium aromaticum Essential Oils
Authors: Mbouche Jodie Valdese , Ngamga Fabrice Hervé Njike , Ngangoum Eric Serge , Djikeng Fabrice Tonfack
Published: September 2022

Aims: The objective of this study is to evaluate the antibacterial and sensory properties of a formulated medicinal soap.

Study Design:  Extraction of essential oils, purchase of vegetable oils and caustic soda, soap formulation, testing of its antibacterial and antifungal activities, evaluation of its acceptability.

Place and Duration of Study: Research unit of biochemistry of medicinal plant, food and nutritional sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang from October 2019 to July 2020.

Methodology: Cold saponification method was used for the production of soap using the following ingredients: Palm kernel oil, olive oil, coconut oil, Palm oleic, caustic soda, essential oils from ginger roots and cloves buds. The formulated soap was used for the evaluation of its anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities as well as its acceptability using the 9-points hedonic scale. The soap was tested on the following microorganisms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01, Staphylococcus aureus 56, Staphylococcus aureus 18, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Candida albican, Candida tropicalis.

Results: Results showed that the produced soap has bactericidal activities against staphylococcus aureus 18 and staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and a bacteriostatic activity against staphylococcus aureus 56. Its activity against fungi was very low. The results of the sensory analysis of this product showed that it can be accepted by consumer since the lowest score was 6.55 in a scale of 9.

 Conclusion: Results showed that the produced soap has bactericidal activities against staphylococcus aureus 18 and staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and a bacteriostatic activity against staphylococcus aureus 56. It was accepted with a score of at least 6.55/9 by the participants.
The Impact of Strategic Foresight on Achieving Financial Sustainability: An Applied Study in a Sample of Iraqi Private Commercial Banks
Authors: Sufar Ali Haitham , Khudair Dr. Aradin Hatem
Published: September 2022

The research aims to determine the impact of strategic foresight with its dimensions (environmental survey, information processing methods, networks and individuals, organization, culture) on financial sustainability in its dimensions (cash and its equivalents, cash credit, revenues) and the degree of arranging these dimensions according to their importance and priority, as well as revealing The moral differences in the respondents response to the questionnaire items according to the surveyed banks, The problem of the study was identified through several questions that centered on whether there is an effect of strategic foresight in achieving financial sustainability for the banks investigated. 157 people who are at the administrative levels (high, middle, and executive) in the Iraqi private commercial banks (the National Bank of Iraq, Ashur Bank, Gulf Commercial Bank, Trans-Iraq Investment Bank), the financial statements and reports of those banks for the years (2014-2019) were also relied upon. In addition, personal interviews were conducted with some officials in the surveyed banks, and the data was analyzed based on statistical programs (MICROSOFT EXCEL), (SPSS V.26) in calculating (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, relative importance, simple regression coefficient, coefficient of simple regression, coefficient of Pearson Correlation, Path Analysis). The researcher reached a set of results, the most prominent of which was the existence of a significant effect of strategic foresight in achieving financial sustainability, as well as the presence of significant statistically significant differences in the respondents response to the two research variables.
The Effect of Workplace Democracy on Improving Employee Performance: An Analytical Study of the Opinions of a Sample of Employees at the General Company for Grain Trade / Diwaniya Branch
Authors: Kadhim Sanaa Saad , Jasim Eman Obeed.
Published: September 2022

The researcher seeks to study the effect of workplace democracy on improving employee performance, considering the workplace democracy is changing through six sub-dimensions represented in (decentralization control system, independent groups, criticism system, organizational justice, free exchange of information, individual rights) while representing improved performance The variable dependent employees on a set of sub-dimensions through which the performance of the employees can be measured, which is represented in (productivity, work turnover, innovation, job satisfaction, absence of work, quality). The research problem was focused through a set of questions that were aimed at identifying the impact of workplace democracy on improving the performance of workers and in light of it a set of hypotheses was formulated to diagnose the impact of workplace democracy on the performance of workers, and the General Company for Grain Trade / Diwaniya branch was chosen as a community For the study, the researcher adopted in her study the questionnaire for the purpose of obtaining the data, as it was distributed on a random sample of employees in the company amounted to (191) employees out of a total of (362) employees, and it was analyzed using the statistical program (SPSS vr. 24), and The study reached There are a set of results, the most important of which is accepting the research hypothesis that confirms the existence of a correlation and impact of workplace democracy on improving employee performance, and in light of which recommendations were formulated to overcome obstacles and increase the contribution of workplace democracy to improving the performance of company employees.
Development of a Novel Molecular Test for Determining HPV Integration Status in HPV-Positive Oropharynx Cancers
Authors: Stepp Wesley H. , Samulski T. Danielle , Hackman Trevor G. , Issaeva Natalia , Yarbrough Wendell G. , Schrank Travis P.
Published: September 2022

This diagnostic study describes the development of an assay for human papillomavirus–driven cancers of the oropharynx and the role viral integration could play in the process.
A Water‐Soluble Quercetin Conjugate with Triple Targeting Exerts Neuron‐Protective Effect on Cerebral Ischemia by Mitophagy Activation
Authors: Cen Juan , Zhang Runfang , Zhao Tingkui , Zhang Xin , Zhang Chuan , Cui Jie , Zhao Keqing , Duan Shaofeng , Guo Yuqi
Published: September 2022

The existing treatments for ischemic stroke cannot meet the clinical needs so far. Quercetin (QT) is an effective apoptosis inhibitor and antioxidant flavonoid, but its water solubility is poor and has no targeting. In this study, QT is modified with hyaluronic acid (HA) to form a water‐soluble conjugate HA‐QT, which can specifically bind to CD44 receptors and response to hyaluronidase. Next, a novel delivery system SS31‐HA‐QT is prepared by further modification with SS31, a polypeptide capable of penetrating the blood‐brain barrier (BBB) and indiscriminately targeting mitochondria. Meanwhile, IR780, a near‐infrared dye, is conjugated onto HA‐QT and SS31‐HA‐QT to form diagnosis tools to trace HA‐QT and SS31‐HA‐QT. In vitro and in vivo results shows that SS31 can four‐fold increase the drug penetration into BBB without any toxicity. The highly expressed CD44 and hyaluronidase in ischemic area ensured the targeted delivery of QT to the ischemic region. Importantly, the mitochondrial targeting of damaged neurons is also achieved by SS31. Further studies confirmed that SS31‐HA‐QT exerted neuron‐protection by activating mitophagy, and its mechanism involved Akt/mTOR related TFEB and HIF‐1αactivation. Hence, SS31‐HA‐QT shall be a promising neuroprotective drug due to its high water‐solubility, superior triple‐targeted neuroprotective ability, low toxicity, and high efficiency.
Kilogram‐Scale Fabricated Organic Long‐Persistent Luminescence Materials with Multi‐Level Temperature Response
Authors: Liu Man , Zong Jun , Wang Lichang , Liu Dongzhi , Wang Tianyang , Hu Wenping
Published: September 2022

Purely organic long‐persistent luminescence materials (OLPLMs) have shown great application potential in the fields of anti‐counterfeiting and information encryption, due to their eco‐friendly preparation, low synthesis cost, and easy‐to‐tune luminescence. Notably, the development of efficient large‐scale fabrication methods will facilitate the commercial application of OLPLMs. Here, we realized the kilogram‐scale preparation of organic doped‐crystals with different long‐persistent luminescence durations by a facile water‐based method under ambient conditions. Additionally, the function of reversible multi‐level temperature response of LPL performance based on this kind of OLPLMs has been achieved, showing the unique application prospects in the field of anti‐counterfeiting and information encryption. This work provides an effective strategy for large‐scale fabrication of OLPLMs, and will accelerate the research and development of temperature‐responsive OLPLMs.
Fully Transparent and High‐Performance ε‐Ga2O3 Photodetector Arrays for Solar‐Blind Imaging and Deep‐Ultraviolet Communication
Authors: Zhou Shuren , Zhang Hong , Peng Xuan , Liu Haowen , Li Honglin , Xiong Yuanqiang , Li Wanjun , Yang Ping-An , Ye Lijuan , Kong Chunyang
Published: September 2022

With the development of new broadband semiconductor materials and the expansion of solar‐blind deep‐ultraviolet (SBDU) optoelectronics, the demand for high‐performance fully transparent array integration has also increased. Herein, metal–semiconductor–metal (MSM)‐type fully transparent SBDU photodetector arrays (PDAs), based on commercially available ε‐Ga2O3 films, are constructed using indium tin oxide (ITO), indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO), and aluminum zinc oxide (AZO) transparent conductive oxides as electrodes. The experimental results show that the overall performance of the fully transparent SBDU PDAs used in this study places them at the forefront of ε‐Ga2O3‐based photodetectors (PDs). All three PDs not only exhibit ultra‐high responsivity (286.2, 284.1, and 262.1 A W−1), remarkable detectivity (4.73 × 1014, 5.06 × 1014, and 2.16 × 1015 Jones), and excellent stability, but also fast photoresponse time (5.6/7.2, 6.9/9.5, and 70/200 ms). It is found that the resistivity and carrier concentration of transparent conductive oxides significantly influence device performance. Consequently, it is demonstrated, for the first time, that fully transparent ε‐Ga2O3‐based SBDU PDAs can be used as ultraviolet imagers and signal receivers integrated into a homemade solar‐blind ultraviolet communication (SBUC) system to transmit text data. These results indicate great potential for future applications of fully transparent ε‐Ga2O3 thin‐film solar‐blind photodetectors in next‐generation artificial intelligence eyes, smart windows, light field cameras, and solar‐blind imaging, among others.
Thermal Runaway of Nonflammable Localized High‐Concentration Electrolytes for Practical LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2|Graphite‐SiO Pouch Cells
Authors: Wu Yu , Feng Xuning , Yang Min , Zhao Chen‐Zi , Liu Xiang , Ren Dongsheng , Ma Zhuang , Lu Languang , Wang Li , Xu Gui‐Liang , He Xiangming , Amine Khalil , Ouyang Minggao
Published: September 2022

With continuous improvement of batteries in energy density, enhancing their safety is becoming increasingly urgent. Herein, practical high energy density LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2|graphite‐SiO pouch cell with nonflammable localized high concentration electrolyte (LHCE) is proposed that presents unique self‐discharge characteristic before thermal runaway (TR), thus effectively reducing safety hazards. Compared with the reference electrolyte, pouch cell with nonflammable LHCE can increase self‐generated heat temperature by 4.4 °C, increase TR triggering temperature by 47.3 °C, decrease the TR highest temperature by 71.8 °C, and extend the time from self‐generated heat to triggering TR by ≈8 h. In addition, the cell with nonflammable LHCE presents superior high voltage cycle stability, attributed to the formation of robust inorganic‐rich electrode–electrolyte interphase. The strategy represents a pivotal step forward for practical high energy and high safety batteries.
Visible Light‐Promoted Fluorescein/Ni‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Bis‐(β‐Dicarbonyls) using Olefins as a Methylene Bridge Synthon
Authors: Palani Pushbaraj , Arumugam Ajithkumar , Anandan Mageshwari , Nutalapati Venkatramaiah , Govindan Karthick , Lin Wei‐Yu , Senadi Gopal Chandru
Published: September 2022

Herein, we report the synthesis of methylene‐bridged bis‐1,3‐dicarbonyls from olefins and 1,3‐dicarbonyls using a photoredox/nickel‐catalyzed synergistic approach. Styrene is reported as methylene one‐carbon (C1) synthons in the synthesis of bis‐(β‐dicarbonyls) for the first time. The deuterated study showed the incorporation of styrene‐d3 in the product by NMR and Mass analysis. Fluorescence quenching and cyclic voltammetry (CV) suggest that the reaction proceeds via an energy transfer process (EnT). The key aspects of the protocol are the use of benign photocatalyst fluorescein, peroxide‐free, air as oxidant, broader substrate scope, and 56% to 99% product yields. The synthetic application of the product has been extended to construct tetrasubstituted pyridines in a sequential one‐pot manner, bis‐isoxazole, and bis‐pyrazole.
[3+3] Annulation Reaction of 2‐Amino‐4H‐chromen‐4‐ones with Cinnamaldehydes or Aromatic Aldehydes and Ethanal in One Pot: Access to 2‐Aryl‐5H‐Chromeno[2,3‐b]pyridin‐5‐ones
Authors: Gan Jianbo , Xin Junhu , Xue Yuhang , Wang Cunde
Published: September 2022

A formal [3+3] cascade annulation strategy for the synthesis of 2‐arylchromeno[2,3‐b]pyridinones has been developed using 2‐aminochromones and substituted cinnamaldehydes or aromatic aldehydes and ethanal as the substrates. The strategy supplies a novel and atom‐economical method of accessing a broad range of chromeno[2,3‐b]pyridine derivatives in good yields with good functional‐group tolerance. The method highlights the inherent practicality of this synthetic transformation.
Linker Redox Mediated Control of Morphology and Properties in Semiconducting Iron‐Semiquinoid Coordination Polymers**
Authors: Wang Lei , Papoular Robert J. , Horwitz Noah E. , Xie Jiaze , Sarkar Arup , Campisi Dario , Zhao Norman , Cheng Baorui , Grocke Garrett L. , Ma Tengzhou , Filatov Alexander S. , Gagliardi Laura , Anderson John S.
Published: September 2022

The emergence of conductive 2D and less commonly 3D coordination polymers (CPs) and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) promises novel applications in many fields. However, the synthetic parameters for these electronically complex materials are not thoroughly understood. Here we report a new 3D semiconducting CP Fe5(C6O6)3, which is a fusion of 2D Fe‐semiquinoid materials and 3D cubic Fex(C6O6)y materials, by using a different initial redox‐state of the C6O6 linker. The material displays high electrical conductivity (0.02 S cm−1), broad electronic transitions, promising thermoelectric behavior (S2σ=7.0×10−9 W m−1 K−2), and strong antiferromagnetic interactions at room temperature. This material illustrates how controlling the oxidation states of redox‐active components in conducting CPs/MOFs can be a “pre‐synthetic” strategy to carefully tune material topologies and properties in contrast to more commonly encountered post‐synthetic modifications.
Double‐layer Composite Gel Polymer Electrolyte for Organic Sodium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Shaolong , Ding Chaojian , Tian Hao , Huang Weiwei , Zhang Qichun
Published: September 2022

Organic cathode materials have the advantages of abundant raw materials, high theoretical specific capacity, controllable structure and easy recycling. Pyrene‐4,5,9,10‐tetraone (PTO), as one of the typical organic cathode materials, achieves efficient storage and release of Na+. However, its good solubility in traditional organic liquid electrolytes is detrimental to the cyclic stability of batteries. To address this issue, the double‐layer composite gel polymer electrolyte (DLCGPE) consisting of poly (ionic liquid) gel polymer electrolyte and plastic crystal electrolyte was developed and applied to organic sodium‐metal batteries. This as‐prepared DLCGPE displays an ionic conductivity of 2.17×10−4 S cm−1 and an electrochemical window of 4.8 V. The as‐fabricated sodium‐symmetric batteries maintain interfacial stability after 500 h of cycling. Furthermore, the PTO/Na batteries could also retain a specific capacity of 201 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles, confirming that DLCGPE achieves the purpose of inhibiting PTO dissolution and maintaining batteries stability. This work broadens the application of asymmetric electrolytes in organic secondary battery.
Separate scoring algorithms for specific identification priorities optimize the screening properties of the Screening Tool for Autism in Toddlers (STAT)
Authors: Attar Shana M. , Ibanez Lisa V. , Stone Wendy L.
Published: September 2022

The Screening Tool for Autism in Toddlers (STAT) is a validated stage‐2 autism spectrum disorder (ASD) screening measure that takes 20 minutes to administer and comprises 12 play‐based items that are scored according to specific criteria. This study examines an expanded version (STAT‐E) that includes the examiner's subjective ratings of children's social engagement (SE) and atypical behaviors (AB) in the scoring algorithm. The sample comprised 238 children who were 24–35 months old. The STAT‐E assessors had limited ASD experience to mimic its use by community‐based non‐specialists, and were trained using a scalable web‐based platform. A diagnostic evaluation was completed by clinical experts who were blind to the STAT‐E results. Logistic regression, ROC curves, and classification matrices and metrics were used to determine the screening properties of STAT‐E when scored using the original STAT scoring algorithm versus a new algorithm that included the SE and AB ratings. Inclusion of the SE and AB ratings improved positive risk classification appreciably, while the specificity declined. These results suggest that the STAT‐E using the original STAT scoring algorithm optimizes specificity, while the STAT‐E scoring algorithm with the two new ratings optimizes the positive risk classification. Using multiple scoring algorithms on the STAT may provide improved screening accuracy for diverse contexts, and a scalable web‐based tutorial may be a pathway for increasing the number of community providers who can administer the STAT and contribute toward increased rates of autism screening.
De novo assembly and annotation of the CHOZN® GS−/− genome supports high‐throughput genome‐scale screening
Authors: Kretzmer Corey , Narasimhan Rajagopalan Lakshmi , Lal Rahul Deva , Balassi Vincent , Ravellette James , Kotekar Manjunath Ajaya Kumar , Koshy Jesvin Joy , Viano Marta , Torre Serena , Zanda Valeria M. , Kumravat Mausam , Saldanha Keith Metelo Raul , Chandranpillai Harikrishnan , Nihad Ifra , Zhong Fei , Sun Yi , Gustin Jason , Borgschulte Trissa , Liu Jiajian , Razafsky David
Published: September 2022

Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells have been used as the industry standard for the production of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies for several decades. Despite significant improvements in commercial‐scale production processes and media, the CHO cell has remained largely unchanged. Due to the cost and complexity of whole‐genome sequencing and gene‐editing it has been difficult to obtain the tools necessary to improve the CHO cell line. With the advent of next‐generation sequencing and the discovery of the CRISPR/Cas9 system it has become more cost effective to sequence and manipulate the CHO genome. Here, we provide a comprehensive de novo assembly and annotation of the CHO‐K1 based CHOZN® GS−/− genome. Using this platform, we designed, built, and confirmed the functionality of a whole genome CRISPR guide RNA library that will allow the bioprocessing community to design a more robust CHO cell line leading to the production of life saving medications in a more cost‐effective manner.
Biomanufacturing readiness levels [BRL]—A shared vocabulary for biopharmaceutical technology development and commercialization
Authors: Kedia Sandeep B. , Baker Jeffrey C. , Carbonell Ruben G. , Lee Kelvin H. , Roberts Christopher J. , Erickson John , Schiel John E. , Rogers Kelley , Schaefer Gene , Pluschkell Stefanie
Published: September 2022

The Manufacturing Readiness Levels (MRLs) developed by the Department of Defense are well‐established tools for describing the maturity of new technologies resulting from government‐sponsored Research and Development programs, from the concept phase to commercial deployment. While MRLs are generally applicable to a wide range of industries and technologies, there is significant value in offering an industry‐specific view on how the basic principles may be applied to biomanufacturing. This paper describes Biomanufacturing Readiness Levels (BRLs) developed by the National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals (NIIMBL), a public/private partnership that is part of the Manufacturing USA network. NIIMBL brings together private, federal, nonprofit, and academic stakeholders to accelerate the deployment of innovative technologies for biopharmaceutical production and to educate and train a world‐leading biomanufacturing workforce. We anticipate that these BRLs will lay the groundwork for a shared vocabulary for assessment of technology maturity and readiness for commercial biomanufacturing that effectively meets the needs of this critical, specialized, and highly regulated industry.