bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Black Market
Authors: Balachandran Orihuela Sharada
Published: January 2019

This chapter considers varied forms of political life made possible through the framework of theft. Recognizing that the hemispheric slave trade is a piratical act in the context of the novel, these pages argue that Martin Delany and Frederick Douglass suggest that slaves too should engage in piratical economic behaviors as a response to the illegal commercial activities undergirding the peculiar institution. By exploring the economic impact of enslaved subjects as thieves, Black participation in the market emerges as a strategy that disrupts the proper operations of exchange and doubly creates a “b/Black” market. Illegal trade, in the hands of an enslaved population, is a way for enslaved bodies to stake claims to personhood and, ultimately, freedom. Read alongside the significant historical events of the mid-nineteenth century, Frederick Douglass’s My Bondage and My Freedom (1855) and Martin Delany’s Blake, or the Huts of America (1859-1862) frame an interest in the intersections of economic freedom and liberal principles as they come to bear on the enslaved Black subject in the nineteenth century.
Keeping the Diary
Authors: Stowe Steven M.
Published: January 2019

This chapter looks at some well-known, much-used American Civil War diaries written by slave-owning women, with a focus on what they said about the “whys” and “hows” of diary-keeping. No woman among them planned on becoming a war diarist, so discovering the fresh pleasures and frustrations of diary-keeping shaped what they wrote. Women wrote about the emotional release of diary-writing, as well as the satisfactions of recording the novel and fearsome events of war. They wrote about ideas and they wrote about paper and pens. They wrote about how they had to continue writing even when they felt they could not. Each diarist in her own way found out that keeping her diary was a much more edgy (and revealing) experience than she could have guessed, a record of unprecedented times that also became a “friend” and a personal history. So women found out that a diary was open not only to interpreting wartime events, but also to the discoveries that authorship brings.
Wartime
Authors: Stowe Steven M.
Published: January 2019

This chapter looks at women diarists from the southern slave-owning class looking at civil war. Some wrote a great deal about the battles and politics, while others wrote only occasionally about the far-reaching conflict. But all of the diarists comment on the sheer, local craziness of war—the reversals, weird occurrences, and outright destruction of lives and the material world. War demanded that they write in their diaries, but war also made writing inadequate. War shook up everything normal, and so the diarist found herself writing how normal time turned into something else—wartime. Women found themselves writing about cannonades and enemy soldiers at the door, about strange mutations in everything “every-day,” in the routines of home, the choice of clothing and food, and in the novel presence of working-class white men in the shape of Confederate soldiers. Wartime challenged women’s inventiveness as diarists, and it shows how the diary as a text—open, changeable, tied to the moment—brings wartime close to readers today.
Slaves
Authors: Stowe Steven M.
Published: January 2019

This chapter focuses on what (and how) southern women diarists of the slave-owning class wrote about slaves as the Civil War crushed the system of human bondage that had benefited white southerners for so long. Individual enslaved African Americans begin to show up in the pages of white women’s diaries. Diarists transcribe what many of them say and do, sometimes with hostility or fear, but often thoughtfully and with surprise. Diaries thus reveal not the “end” of slavery, but rather slavery in the midst of ending. In writing about the uncertain future that the war presented to everyone, diarists in effect gave accounts of the personal relations that had held slavery together, day by day, before the war. They sketched enslaved people as individuals, more interested in how the end of bondage revealed their connection to certain black people than they were in assessing the blanket “loyalty” of servants. Inscribing what she saw of slavery and race, a diarist discovered how slavery—enslaved people—were inseparable from all she had known as “my life.” Seeing this life explode was one story she told to her pages. Diarists’ struggle to write and to understand this (as historians do, too) is a small opening for our historical empathy with these white women who deserve no sympathy.
Introduction
Authors: Martino Gina M.
Published: January 2019

The introduction sets out the book’s major topics and arguments and discusses its methodology, sources, and organization. It states that seventeenth and eighteenth-century women living in the borderlands of the northeastern America participated as essential, martial actors in wars fought by New England, New France, and Native polities. English, French, and Native societies’ existing gender ideologies included space for women to act as combatants, spies, and leaders. Women made war with the approval of their societies, and their presence in remote towns, holding the line in fortified communities was essential to polities’ strategies of expansion and colonization. In English and French colonies, European ideas that supported women taking on substantial roles as public actors in the early modern period are significant throughout the book and are introduced here. Although the book argues that these were centuries of almost continuous war, conflicts that receive particular attention include: the Beaver Wars (mid-seventeenth-century), King Philip’s War (1675-1676), King William’s War (1688-1697), Queen Anne’s War (1702-1713), Dummer’s War (1723-1726), King George’s War (1744-1748), and the Seven Years’ War (1756-1763).
Necessary to Abide
Authors: Martino Gina M.
Published: January 2019

This chapter explores how colonists in seventeenth-century New England used gender ideologies about women’s roles as actors in public spheres to frame their understanding of women who fought in the region’s wars. The chapter explores this idea from three different angles. First, it examines how New England’s colonies incorporated women’s martial activities into their colonization strategy, sometimes even requiring women to remain in remote fortified towns, living in garrison houses that simultaneously served as military and household spaces. Second, it looks at how Native women participated in the region’s wars as leaders (sachems), spies, combatants, and in ritual torture. The chapter investigates how English politicians used their own concepts about women’s public roles to shape their ideas about Native female combatants. This section also features a case study of Weetamoo of the Pocasset, a prominent female sachem who died while leading an anti-colonial coalition in King Philip’s War (1675-76). Third, the chapter explores how English women attempted to shape military and colonial policy through mob violence.
Everyone Ran to Help
Authors: Martino Gina M.
Published: January 2019

This chapter focuses on women’s military roles in France’s attempts to colonize Canada and Acadia. It argues that political and religious officials in New France were more likely than their counterparts in New England to incorporate women’s social rank into their understanding of those women’s martial activities. Elite French and some Indigenous women were seen as performing roles similar to those of a lady defending a castle or a woman of high rank acting as a diplomat. (Prominent examples include Madeleine de Verchères, Jeanne Mance, and Marie de l’Incarnation.) Jesuit and Ursuline missionaries’ accounts of nonelite French and (allied) Native women more often described those women as informally joining battles with the blessing of their husband or God.
Appropriate Combatants
Authors: Martino Gina M.
Published: January 2019

This chapter marks the beginning of the book’s study of the second phase of these conflicts. Beginning around 1700, Britain and France became increasingly involved in their colonies’ affairs. This growing imperial control resulted in the increased militarization of New England and New France, as regular troops joined provincial forces with greater frequency. These imperial military societies also depended more on highly fortified structures to defend their colonial territory. The chapter examines how these changes influenced women’s participation in war and how colonists and imperial officials perceived women’s war making. In New England, women received land grants and compensation as veterans even as changes in ideas about women’s gender roles as private, rather than public, actors in separate spheres resulted in colonists describing women as inhabitants of an emerging homefront. At the same time, officials in New France worried about the potential for treasonous activities between Canadian women and French soldiers involved in sex scandals in the crowded fortified towns along the coast. Despite these fears, Canadian women continued to serve in the colony’s growing military bureaucracy, financing fortifications and supporting the war effort through commerce.
Epilogue
Authors: Martino Gina M.
Published: January 2019

The book’s epilogue considers how and why early American women’s war making has been remembered and forgotten by historians and members of the public in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. In particular, the epilogue explores why the few women who are remembered are considered anomalies. It suggests that late-nineteenth-century nationalists encouraged Canada and the United States to “claim” their remembered heroines and commemorate their war making by erecting monuments and reusing their names for natural features. At the same time, creating national heroines and placing them within the borders of nation-states resulted in Canadians and Americans forgetting that those women—and many others—fought in a larger, fluid borderlands context. Finally, the epilogue returns to the central premise of the book: that women were active, invested participants in expansionist and colonialist wars in the northeastern borderlands of North America.
Introduction
Authors: Chávez-García Miroslava
Published: January 2019

The introduction outlines the significance of the 300 personal family letters at the heart of the study’s archive. It describes the process through which the correspondence was acquired, examined, and analyzed as well as the tools and techniques used to narrate a broader history of migration, gender, intimacy, identity, and race across the U.S.-Mexico borderlands in the twentieth century. As the letters demonstrate, rural Mexican migrants had the personal and emotional wherewithal—the audacity and agency as historical actors—to take charge of their future where little or no hope existed. By toggling between the micro and macro as they are read, the letters demonstrate how the individual stories embedded in the lines of the paper reflect and intersect with broader historical and, in this case, migratory, experiences.
Oye Shelly
Authors: Chávez-García Miroslava
Published: January 2019

To explore the ways in which migrants negotiated longing, gender, intimacy, courtship, marriage, and identity across the U.S.-Mexico borderlands in the 1960s and 1970s, chapter 1 opens by examining and analyzing the broader racial, labor, and environmental contexts shaping José Chávez’s—the author’s father—experience as a Mexican laborer in Imperial Valley in the 1950s and 1960s. Specifically, it pays attention to working and living conditions in el valle and how those contributed to his loneliness, isolation, and ambivalence as a border dweller, despite his status as a green card holder and his ability to engage in return migration. Next, it examines letter writing as a form of courtship as detailed in the love letters he crafted and the cultural tools—stylized letter writing, the English language, portraits, songs, movies, and the radio—he drew upon to convince Maria Concepción “Conchita” Alvarado—the author’s mother—to accept his marriage proposal. Finally, it shows that while Conchita never formally agreed to the nuptials, she walked down the aisle and married José, an act that set her life on a new course. Indeed, within a few days, she left her hometown and relocated with José to the Mexicali-Calexico border, where they set out to create a new future for themselves.
Contesta Pronto
Authors: Chávez-García Miroslava
Published: January 2019

Chapter 3 focuses on gender and family life in Mexico, centering on the shifting power relations in the patriarchal household. Using dozens of letters written by José Chávez Torres to his son Paco Chávez, the author’s grandfather and uncle, respectively, the latter of which was living and working in the U.S.-Mexico borderlands, the chapter examines the personal, emotional, and economic toll of migration on family members who stayed at home. It demonstrates the profound ways in which the migration of family members and loved ones affected their social roles and identities, that is, the real and perceived understanding of who they were in relation to their changing circumstances in their family and community in Mexico and the United States.
A Dios
Authors: Chávez-García Miroslava
Published: January 2019

Chapter 4 reveals that maintaining relationships between parents and children, though challenging, paled in comparison to the work needed to keep alive passionate romantic relationships between male migrants and the female partners they left behind. This chapter focuses on the on again, off again relationship between José’s younger brother, Paco, and Conchita’s older sister, Chifis or Chonita. It demonstrates that the rudimentary systems of communication, distance, rampant chisme, and shifting interests and personal goals proved too burdensome for them to maintain a long-term, long-distance courtship. Though the noviasgo (courtship) did not result in marriage, it allowed them to express their greatest hopes and dreams as well as their everyday social and cultural experiences across the vast divide. While letters often worked to maintain and build relations, this chapter shows how and why they worked to destroy them as well.
A Toda Madre (ATM)
Authors: Chávez-García Miroslava
Published: January 2019

Chapter five traces the experience of Paco Chavez’s friend Rogelio Martínez Serna— and that of his male peers—across the U.S.-Mexico borderlands and attempts to achieve his hopes and dreams for an economically, physically, and emotionally stable family life. To do so, the chapter opens by examining Rogelio’s effort to migrate lawfully. It shows that his motivation for migration was stoked by Paco’s recent successful settlement in California. Like his peers, Rogelio imagined Paco earning pockets full of dollars, attracting women with his convertible car, and enjoying new adventures. Life was much more difficult for Rogelio, living in the Mexican border. Inspired by his friend Paco, and not easily defeated, Rogelio developed ingenious plans to achieve his purpose: migrating to California to save enough money for an economically secure life as a “man” who could support a household in Mexico. Despite his setbacks, he never lost sight of his aims, especially with peers providing support for how to lead the life of a successful male Mexican migrant with his masculinity and manhood intact. As Rogelio’s experiences show, migrants relied on social networks to achieve lawful migration, employment, housing, and companionship, facilitating their settlement in and transition to the new environment.
The “Within Enemy”
Authors: Quintana Ryan A.
Published: January 2019

This chapter illuminates the various ways that black Carolinians stood at the center of South Carolina’s colonial state-building process. It does by first considering the developmental policies and practices of the provincial government. The chapter argues that slaves were essential to this governing praxis, both as infrastructural laborers, but also as the objects around which governing discourse was structured.
Their Intentions Were to Ambuscade and Surround Me
Authors: Quintana Ryan A.
Published: January 2019

This chapter argues that as a consequence of the transformation of the plantation enterprise in the revolutionary and early national eras, South Carolinians depended on enslaved mobility for the maintenance of their economic lives. This movement brought the developmental aspirations of South Carolina’s state leaders to life, but also presented challenges to governing officials. Subsequently, as the chapter explains, slave patrols and slave passes were shaped to accommodate this essential movement, rather than prohibit it.
This Negro Thoroughfare
Authors: Quintana Ryan A.
Published: January 2019

This chapter examines the everyday spatial practices of enslaved Carolinians, particularly focusing on the Lowcountry. It closely illuminates the varied landscapes, communities, and politics that such daily practices produced and maintained, demonstrating that black South Carolinians took advantage of their requisite movement and the demands of the plantation enterprise to stake their own claims to South Carolina’s territory.
With the Labor of These Slaves
Authors: Quintana Ryan A.
Published: January 2019

This chapter explores South Carolina’s developmental policy and reform agenda in the post-War of 1812 era, arguing that public works and the labor of state slaves were part of a broader project seeking to produce both the state as well as liberal subjectivity. As the chapter argues, while South Carolinians were influenced by broader governing trends throughout the Atlantic world, their experience was directly shaped by the everyday practices of the state’s enslaved majority, who they absolutely relied upon. Subsequently, leaders broadened their vision of the state to accommodate the violence required for its maintenance.
Conclusion
Authors: Quintana Ryan A.
Published: January 2019

This very brief concluding chapter both summarizes the preceding chapters, and argues that South Carolina’s reliance on the enslaved for their political development was prescient, as unfree labor remains essential to modern statecraft.
Speciated and total emission factors of particulate organics from burning western US wildland fuels and their dependence on combustion efficiency
Authors: Jen Coty N. , Hatch Lindsay E. , Selimovic Vanessa , Yokelson Robert J. , Weber Robert , Fernandez Arantza E. , Kreisberg Nathan M. , Barsanti Kelley C. , Goldstein Allen H.
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Western US wildlands experience frequent and large-scale wildfires which are
predicted to increase in the future. As a result, wildfire smoke emissions
are expected to play an increasing role in atmospheric chemistry while
negatively impacting regional air quality and human health. Understanding the
impacts of smoke on the environment is informed by identifying and
quantifying the chemical compounds that are emitted during wildfires and by
providing empirical relationships that describe how the amount and
composition of the emissions change based upon different fire conditions and
fuels. This study examined particulate organic compounds emitted from burning
common western US wildland fuels at the US Forest Service Fire Science
Laboratory. Thousands of intermediate and semi-volatile organic compounds
(I/SVOCs) were separated and quantified into fire-integrated emission factors
(EFs) using a thermal desorption, two-dimensional gas chromatograph with
online derivatization coupled to an electron ionization/vacuum ultraviolet
high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer
(TD-GC × GC-EI/VUV-HRToFMS). Mass spectra, EFs as a function of
modified combustion efficiency (MCE), fuel source, and other defining
characteristics for the separated compounds are provided in the accompanying
mass spectral library. Results show that EFs for total organic carbon (OC),
chemical families of I/SVOCs, and most individual I/SVOCs span 2–5 orders of
magnitude, with higher EFs at smoldering conditions (low MCE) than flaming.
Logarithmic fits applied to the observations showed that log (EFs) for
particulate organic compounds were inversely proportional to MCE. These
measurements and relationships provide useful estimates of EFs for OC,
elemental carbon (EC), organic chemical families, and individual I/SVOCs as a
function of fire conditions.
Analysis of geomagnetic measurements prior the Maule (2010), Iquique (2014) and Illapel (2015) earthquakes, in the Pacific Ocean sector of the Southern Hemisphere
Authors: Cordaro Enrique G. , Venegas-Aravena Patricio , Laroze David
Published: January 2019

Abstract. It has been possible to detect variations in the vertical component of the geomagnetic field (Bz) through its first and second derivate in a range of frequencies (microHz); these seem to be roughly related with some major seismic subduction events. We studied the period 2010–2015, analysing the daily values of magnetic records over periods close to the last three significant events that occurred through the Chilean margin, i. e., along a boundary between convergent plates that is characterized by the occurrence of seismic events of magnitude greater than Mw8. These are the events of Iquique 2014, Illapel 2015 and Maule 2010, all at different latitudes, on different dates and characterized by different types of margin (erosive or accretionary). Certain similarities were found in the associated magnetic field variations: 1) Variation in the radial or z component of the geomagnetic field and its first and second temporal derivative, modelled as a small jump, and small oscillations in the second derivative, generating a frequency band between 1c / 48.9 hours and 1c / 79.13 Hrs. 2) A variable time lapse of between 30 and 120 days; and 3) The seismic event. Furthermore, when analysing spectrograms for the second temporal derivate of the radial component, different behaviour is found related to its spectral density. This takes the form of an increase in ultra-low frequencies (0.01–0.4 mHz) between the start of the magnetic jump and the seismic event. These frequencies are lower than those found during the last years by research groups that related magnetic field and earthquakes, furthermore the concept of time lapse close to 30 days is in agreement with those research groups. The previous analyses may not be so robust, this is why additionally a new method is used with stations closer to the events and time periods of two years. We analysed the daily cumulative number of anomalous behaviour in z component of magnetic field on ground based magnetometers. The results show an increase in the number of magnetic anomalies prior to the occurrence of the three earthquakes. The behavior of the anomalies is similar to those presented by other authors for other earthquakes with similar methods in ionosphere. All this magnetic features might recover seismic information of the events and could be related with Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere Coupling.
On the relative roles of dynamics and chemistry governing the abundance and diurnal variation of low-latitude thermospheric nitric oxide
Authors: Siskind David E. , Jones Jr. McArthur , Drob Douglas P. , McCormack John P. , Hervig Mark E. , Marsh Daniel R. , Mlynczak Martin G. , Bailey Scott M. , Maute Astrid , Mitchell Nicholas J.
Published: January 2019

Abstract. We use data from two NASA satellites, the Thermosphere Ionosphere Energetics
and Dynamics (TIMED) and the Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM)
satellites, in conjunction with model simulations from the
thermosphere-ionosphere-mesosphere-electrodynamics general circulation model
(TIME-GCM) to elucidate the key dynamical and chemical factors governing the
abundance and diurnal variation of lower thermospheric nitric
oxide (NO) at near-solar minimum conditions and low latitudes. This analysis
was enabled by the recent orbital precession of the AIM satellite which
caused the solar occultation pattern measured by the Solar Occultation for
Ice Experiment (SOFIE) to migrate down to low and mid-latitudes for specific
periods of time. We use a month of NO data collected in January 2017
to compare with two versions of the TIME-GCM; one is driven solely by
climatological tides and analysis-derived planetary waves at the lower
boundary and is free running at all other altitudes, and the other is
constrained by a high-altitude analysis from the Navy Global Environmental
Model (NAVGEM) up to the mesopause. We also compare SOFIE data with a
NO climatology from the nitric oxide empirical model (NOEM). Both
SOFIE and NOEM yield peak NO abundances of around 4×107 cm−3; however, the SOFIE profile peaks about 6–8 km lower than
NOEM. We show that this difference is likely a local time effect, with SOFIE
being a dawn measurement and NOEM representing late morning and/or near noon.
The constrained version of TIME-GCM exhibits a low-altitude dawn peak, while
the model that is forced solely at the lower boundary and free
running above does not. We attribute this difference to a phase change in the
semi-diurnal tide in the NAVGEM-constrained model, causing the descent of
high NO mixing ratio air near dawn. This phase difference between the
two models arises due to differences in the mesospheric zonal mean zonal
winds. Regarding the absolute NO abundance, all versions of the
TIME-GCM overestimate this. Tuning the model to yield calculated atomic
oxygen in agreement with TIMED data helps but is insufficient. Furthermore,
the TIME-GCM underestimates the electron density (Ne) as compared with the
International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) empirical model. This suggests a
potential conflict with the requirements of NO modeling and Ne
modeling, since one solution typically used to increase model Ne is to
increase the solar soft X-ray flux, which would, in this case, worsen the
NO model–data discrepancy.
Delimitation of flood areas based on a calibrated a DEM and geoprocessing: case study on the Uruguay River, Itaqui, southern Brazil
Authors: Araújo Paulo Victor N. , Amaro Venerando E. , Silva Robert M. , Lopes Alexandre B.
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Flooding is a natural disaster which affects thousands of riverside, coastal,
and urban communities causing severe damage. River flood mapping is the
process of determining inundation extents and depth by comparing historical
river water levels with ground surface elevation references. This paper aims
to map flood hazard areas under the influence of the Uruguay River, Itaqui (southern Brazil), using a calibration digital elevation model (DEM),
historic river level data and geoprocessing techniques. The temporal series
of maximum annual level records of the Uruguay River, for the years 1942 to 2017,
were linked to the Brazilian Geodetic System using geometric leveling and
submitted for descriptive statistical analysis and probability. The DEM was
calibrated with ground control points (GCPs) of high vertical accuracy based
on post-processed high-precision Global Navigation Satellite System surveys. Using the temporal series
statistical analysis results, the spatialization of flood hazard classes on
the calibrated DEM was assessed and validated. Finally, the modeling of the simulated flood level was visually compared against the flood area on the satellite
image, which were both registered on the same date. The free DEM calibration
model indicated high correspondence with GCPs (R2=0.81; p<0.001). The
calibrated DEM showed a 68.15 % improvement in vertical accuracy
(RMSE = 1.00 m). Five classes of flood hazards were determined:
extremely high flood hazard, high flood hazard, moderate flood hazard, low
flood hazard, and non-floodable. The flood episodes, with a return time of
100 years, were modeled with a 57.24 m altimetric level. Altimetric levels
above 51.66 m have a high potential of causing damage, mainly affecting properties
and public facilities in the city's northern and western peripheries. Assessment of the areas that can potentially be flooded can help to reduce
the negative impact of flood events by supporting the process of land use
planning in areas exposed to flood hazard.
Non-Medical Sex Selection in Australia: Public Views and Bioethical Concerns
Authors: Taylor-Sands Michelle , Smith Malcolm , King Michelle , Fraser Harriet
Published: January 2019

In 2017, following an extensive review of its ethical guidelines on assisted reproductive technology (ART), the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) upheld its moratorium on non-medical sex selection (NMSS) pending further public debate. Interestingly, the public consultation conducted by the NHMRC revealed a majority of submissions supported a permissive approach to NMSS, suggesting a potential shift in attitudes about NMSS in Australia. Historically, public consultation on NMSS both internationally and in Australia has revealed general opposition to this practice. This has reinforced concerns raised against NMSS in bioethical debates and been reflected in a restrictive regulatory approach to NMSS in many countries. The NHMRC public consultation highlights a potential disconnect between the concerns raised about NMSS in scholarly literature and more liberal community views. This paper reviews the submissions made to the NHMRC on NMSS and argues that the current moratorium should be revisited with a view to exploring a more nuanced approach to regulating NMSS in the future.
Book Review - Equality and Discrimination Law in Australia
Authors: Rutherford Jodhi
Published: January 2019

Anti-discrimination laws aim to protect people from harm to which they may be subject on the basis of personal attributes such as gender, race, age or disability. With human rights principles as their source, anti-discrimination laws can be seen to have equality as their goal however contested notions of equality make it difficult to determine whether the laws are reaching this objective. Anti-discrimination law occupies a peculiar position at the nexus of public and private law; it encompasses both civil and political rights and obligations between individuals.
2017 WA Lee Lecture: The Australian Law of Contractual Penalties
Authors: Fraser JA Hugh B
Published: January 2019

In 2005, in Ringrow Pty Ltd v BP Australia Pty Ltd,[1] the High Court (Gleeson CJ, Gummow, Kirby, Hayne, Callinan and Heydon JJ) observed that Lord Dunedin’s formulation in Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Co Ltd v New Garage & Motor Co Ltd,[2] of the principles governing the identification, proof and consequences of penalties in contractual stipulations had endured for 90 years and had been applied countless times in the High Court and other courts. (The Court cited, as examples, O’Dea v Allstates Leasing System (WA) Pty Ltd,[3] Acron Pacific Ltd v Offshore Oil NL,[4] AMEV-UDC Finance Ltd v Austin,[5] Stern v McArthur,[6] and Esanda Finance Corporation Ltd v Plessnig.[7]) The Court proceeded on the basis that Dunlop continued to express the law applicable in Australia, leaving any more substantial reconsideration for a future case where reconsideration or reformulation might be in issue.

 

[1] (2005) 224 CLR 656 [12].

[2] [1915] AC 79, 86–8.

[3] (1983) 152 CLR 359, 368, 378, 399, 400.

[4] (1985) 157 CLR 514, 520.

[5] (1986) 162 CLR 170, 190.

[6] (1988) 165 CLR 489, 540.

[7] (1989) 166 CLR 131, 139, 143, 145.
Image and identification of bank customers after a merger or acquisition
Authors:   Departamento de Organización de Empresas y Marketing. Facultad de Administración de empresas. Avda. de Afonso X O Sabio, s/n. 27002 Lugo (España). p.alvarez.gonzalez@usc.es, Álvarez González Paula , Otero Neira Mª Carmen ,   Departamento de Organización de Empresas y Marketing. Facultad de C.C. Económicas y Empresariales. Avda. Lagoas Marcosende s/n 36310 Vigo (España). cachu@uvigo.es
Published: January 2019

Mergers and acquisitions are a common strategy in the Spanish banking sector. The activities and changes they cause have an important effect on the relationship with customers of this type of entities. These processes involve many and very fast changes that generate great uncertainty on the clients. At the same time, they significantly affect their perception of the entity, and, in particular, their connection and identification with it. Therefore, the objective of this research is to analyze the effect of bank mergers or acquisitions on the relationship between the variance in the perceived image of the entity by the consumer and the identification of consumers with it. Also, the moderating roles of the demographic variables and variables of bank behavior are analyzed. Through a structural equation model and using a sample of customers of merged entities in Spain, results suggest that consumers perceive a decline in their identification with the entity, explained by the perception of changes in the attitude and behavior of the organization and of the staff, as well as in the communication that occurs during and after the process of merger or acquisition. In addition, the moderating roles of gender of consumers and the level of education are confirmed.
Gênero, cuidado e famílias: tramas e interseções
Authors: Finamori Sabrina , Ferreira Flávio Rodrigo F.
Published: January 2019

Considerando a centralidade que a noção de relatedness ou relacionalidade (CARSTEN, 2000 e 2004) têm adquirido em pesquisas contemporâneas que versam sobre família e parentesco, bem como os importantes rendimentos analíticos da noção de care (HIRATA; GUIMARÃES, 2012), propomos fazer um balanço sobre as relações entre gênero, cuidado e famílias tendo como linha condutora nossas próprias trajetórias acadêmicas como pesquisadores desses campos de estudos. Argumentamos que a discussão sobre cuidado pode se coadunar aos recentes debates em torno de família/parentesco enquanto relacionalidade, uma vez que traz ao primeiro plano as dimensões dos afetos, das reciprocidades tanto quanto as dimensões de classe, raça, geração e os entrelaçamentos entre família, mercado e Estado.
“Mãe é quem cuida": a legitimidade da maternidade no discurso de mães de bebês com microcefalia em Pernambuco
Authors: Pinheiro Diego Alano de Jesus Pereira
Published: January 2019

A pesquisa iniciou após o grande índice de bebês nascidos com microcefalia ocasionada pelo vírus do Zika transmitido pelo mosquito Aedes aegypti, tendo como epicentro a região do Nordeste do país. A epidemia mexeu com a dinâmica de várias esferas da vida social, como políticas, socioambientais, econômicas e religiosas. Mulheres, mães de bebês com microcefalia, em Pernambuco, têm se organizado em movimentos como a “União de Mães de Anjos” (UMA), construindo redes de apoio e solidariedade, compartilhando experiências sobre o cuidado com os “anjos” ou “crianças especiais” (como denominam seus filhos), além de reivindicarem, numa linguagem de direitos, auxílios junto ao Estado e a órgãos competentes. Neste sentido, esta análise é baseada em trabalho etnográfico feito nos encontros da UMA entre fevereiro e dezembro de 2016. Partindo de três trajetórias de vida de mães de crianças diagnosticadas com o que hoje se denomina no campo biomédico como “Síndrome Congênita do Zika vírus” (SCZv), busco compreender as representações em torno da experiência da maternidade, a fim de apreender as produções de significados e as concepções sobre as relações de parentesco.
Legibilidade e gestão da saúde: notas etnográficas sobre o comitê municipal de mortalidade por AIDS de Porto Alegre
Authors: Lui Lizandro , Leal Andrea Fachel
Published: January 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir o funcionamento do primeiro Comitê de Mortalidade por AIDS do Brasil com base principalmente no conceito de legibilidade de Scott. A partir de observações de cunho etnográfico e entrevistas em profundidade com os membros do Comitê, realizadas em 2014-15, discutese os processos de governança e de formulação de políticas públicas no espaço institucional recém-criado do Comitê. Os membros do Comitê, em relações que podem ser de colaboração ou de divergência, lançam mão de diferentes ferramentas para mapear e documentar os processos que resultaram num óbito considerado por todos evitável e precoce de pessoas que vivem com AIDS em Porto Alegre (RS). A trajetória, tornada legível, dos pacientes que estão às margens do Estado permite a formulação de recomendações do Comitê sobre o funcionamento dos serviços de saúde, mas não asseguram sugestões de ações mais imediatas e diretas sobre as condições sociais que engendram a situação marginal daqueles que morreram.
A feminização da velhice: representação e silenciamento de demandas nos processos conferencistas de mulheres e pessoas idosas
Authors: Lins Isabella Lourenço , Andrade Luciana Vieira Rubim
Published: January 2019

O Brasil vem vivenciando um processo crescente de socialização da gestão da velhice, que tem se transformado cada vez mais em uma questão pública. Dentro desse processo tem-se o fenômeno da feminização da velhice. Neste artigo, discutimos como as demandas das mulheres idosas são construídas e representadas nos espaços de participação social que fazem parte do processo decisório das políticas públicas que têm como público alvo as mulheres e as pessoas idosas. A partir da problemática a respeito de uma possível despolitização das mulheres idosas, a questão norteadora aqui é: “como são representadas as mulheres idosas nas deliberações das conferências nacionais de Política para as Mulheres e de Direitos da Pessoa Idosa?” A partir dos documentos analisados com o método de análise de conteúdo feminista qualitativo, foram evidenciados quatro eixos principais com relação às mulheres idosas: demográfico, saúde, cuidado e interseccional.
Acquiring English in EFL Classroom: Role of Literature
Authors: Uddin Md. Momin
Published: January 2019

This paper deals with how English literature can help EFL learners acquire English like ESL speakers. EFL learners usually learn English by learning its vocabulary and grammatical rules from books. ESL speakers, on the other hand, pick up the grammatical rules and vocabulary of English by directly getting into the environment where English is the medium of communication and acquire the language like the native. ESL speakers can speak English with native-like fluency and express their ideas in English like the native, but EFL learners, despite being capable of writing and speaking grammatically correct English, most often fail to speak with native-like fluency. Words seem to get stuck in their throats, and they often fumble and falter when speaking because their vocabulary remains poor in content. Nor can they express the true spirit of their ideas in their cultivated, grammatical English because they learn it in isolation without seeing how a native uses it. This paper argues that by studying English literature, EFL learners can grow awareness of the culture of the English and see how the English speak, feel, dream, and express their heart in English, and thus they can learn English like ESL speakers.
Investigating the Phonological Processes Involved When Yoruba Personal Names Are Anglicized
Authors: Fajobi Eunice , Akomolafe Bolatito
Published: January 2019

Personal names, in African context, are not arbitrary. They are like signposts that convey a wide range of invaluable information about the bearers. Also, they are like a ‘social DNA’ that discloses the identity, family background, family history, family vocation and family deity of the bearer (Onadipe, 2012). Sadly however, studies, which are mostly sociolinguistic in perspective, abound to show that some of these given personal names are being anglicized among the younger generation of bearers (Soneye, 2008; Faleye & Adegoju, 2012; Raheem, 2013; Filani & Melefa, 2014). From the standpoint of socio-phonology and using Knobelauch’s (2008) Phonological Awareness as our theoretical framework, this paper investigates the phonological changes that Yoruba personal names undergo when they are anglicized; and their implication for the endangerment of Yoruba language. Perceptual and acoustic analyses of the data sourced from the written and verbalized (as well as recorded) anglicized names of 50 informants from a Nigerian University show “stress-shift” as the major prosodic strategy used by speakers to anglicize Yoruba personal names. Other phonological processes identified include re-syllabification, contraction, elision and substitution; but bearers are not overtly aware of these processes. Findings reveal further that though the “new names” are structurally more English than Yoruba, they are nevertheless pronounced with Yoruba tone by some bearers.
Identity Construction: Narrative Tension in Saul Bellow’s Herzog
Authors: Li Zhengcai , Xu Mingying
Published: January 2019

This paper takes narrative ethics as the approach to analyze ethical dimensions of the tensions between self-narrative and other-narrative in Saul Bellow’s Herzog, and indicates that self-narrative represents the protagonist’s appeal of identity construction, other-narrative symbolizes external forces deconstructing his identity, and narrative reconciliation between self-narrative and other-narrative represents possibilities of his identity construction. Representational ethics shows that Herzog’s self-narrative attempts to construct identity through fictionalizing ideal self at the expense of real self, then to consolidate new identities by assimilating the absolute other. However, narrational ethics suggests that other-narrative represents the absolute other’s deconstruction of new identities constructed by Herzog’s subjective intention, and puts all new constructed identities into suspension. Identity reconstruction can be possible only when Herzog faces the gap between real self and ideal self, confronts existence of the absolute other, responds to its ethical call, and actualizes reconciliation between self-narrative and other narrative. Besides, hermeneutic ethics indicates that the reader also has a role to play in Herzog’s process of identity construction due to tensions between self-narrative and other-narrative, which bestows the reader with constantly switched ethical positions and distances from the text, thus makes the reader’s responsibility towards the text an infinite movement.
A Study of Chi-Chen Wang’s Translation Strategies of Modern Chinese Literature
Authors: Huang Saisai
Published: January 2019

Chi-Chen Wang (1899-2001) is a trailblazer in promoting Chinese literature in the West and is also one of the earliest scholars who made modern Chinese literature known to the Westerners. As a both renowned writer and translator in the West, Chi-Chen Wang’s translation motivation, his comment on modern Chinese literature together with the social background of his translation activities has a great influence on his choice of translation strategies. The study provides a detailed discussion on Wang’s choice of translation strategies by analyzing his translation motivation, the cultural and political climate of his translation activities as well as his own literary judgments. And the textual analysis of his translation reveals that Wang’ translations incline to retain the foreignness in the source text and revise the original texts through condensation and deletion.
Origins of the Jewish Labor Movement
Authors: Howard Adam M.
Published: January 2019

In 1917, the AFL endorsed the British government’s Balfour Declaration, which called for a Jewish homeland in Palestine. This marked the first time that the American labor movement engaged with the issue of a Jewish homeland in Palestine. However, most Jewish trade unionists, centered in the garment industry, did not support the AFL’s endorsement of the Declaration as they rejected the nationalist overtones associated with it. Most Jewish trade unionists descended from the Bund, the General Federation of Jewish Workers of Lithuania, Poland, and Russia. Bundists viewed Zionist support for a Jewish homeland in Palestine as anathema to their socialist views, and they bitterly clashed with Zionists over the issue of Palestine. However, the creation of Histadrut, the General Federation of Jewish Workers in Palestine in 1920 altered the dynamic. By the early 1920s, a small number of labor leaders who were either Labor Zionists or Bundists who viewed Histadrut as a fellow labor movement worth supporting. Led by Max Pine, the leader of the United Hebrew Trades, these labor activists started raising funds for Histadrut in 1923 through the Gewerkschaften campaign. These fundraising drives continued through the 1920s and marked the true engagement of American labor with Jewish labor in Palestine.
Moving on, Ready or Not
Authors: Tamte Roger R.
Published: January 2019

In 1880 the new scrimmage procedure that American student players had gradually developed over a few years, with Yale and Camp in the lead, is described in words and entered into the Intercollegiate Football Association rule sbook, an affirmative declaration and definition of an American scrimmage procedure. “Snapping back” and “quarterback” are set out in the rule. Also, on-field team size is established at eleven. Camp begins medical school and does not attend the rule-making convention. But he continues to play on the Yale football team and writes an instructional text on playing football.
Father of Football
Authors: Tamte Roger R.
Published: January 2019

As a sideline to his New Haven Clock Company job, in April 1886 Camp joins the staff of the sports magazine Outing, which introduces him as the “father of football in American colleges.” Among other duties, he writes a review of the 1886 season. In 1886 he also publishes through Wright and Ditson a thirty-five-page instructional booklet titled Football: How to Coach a Team. In August 1886, he becomes engaged to Alice Sumner. In March 1887, Camp is on the front page of the New York Times, arrested for attempted murder but released in a few hours in a bizarre case of misidentification. Later in 1887, Camp moves from New York to New Haven, where he effectively becomes general sales manager.
Headquarters on Gill Street
Authors: Tamte Roger R.
Published: January 2019

Walter Camp marries Alice Sumner in 1888, and they live in a small cottage-like house owned by his parents and adjacent to his parents’ backyard. The house becomes a “headquarters” for Yale football coaching, with Camp “placed in entire charge,” according to the 1888 Yale football captain, “Pa” Corbin. Corbin often visits the Camp home in the evening to review the day’s practices, develop plans, and work out strategies. Players sometimes join him. Camp attends practice when he can, and Alice (“Mrs. Walter”) regularly attends when he can’t. The evening conferences are congenial occasions, where Alice is a “generalissimo of high spirits.” The team has some outstanding individuals—George Woodruff, “Pudge” Heffelfinger, Alonzo Stagg, Lee McClung—and wins all their games without being scored upon.
Striving for More
Authors: Tamte Roger R.
Published: January 2019

Camp’s writing career grows in the 1890s, with book writing (three coauthored books in the later 1890s and revisions of his 1891 book), syndicated newspaper writing, and magazine writing, culminating in 1898 with a weekly column in Collier’s Weekly. Although Camp continues as a sales executive at NHCC, he asks for more work at Collier’s and becomes responsible for Collier’s new Young Person’s Library. He is reportedly one of America’s most highly paid nonfiction writers. He also develops a significant smoking habit, usually seen in public pictures with a cigarette or cigar.