bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Would the interference phenomenon be applied as an alternative option for prophylaxis against COVID-19?
Authors: Ahmadi Mohammad Hossein
Published: July 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerged infectious disease characterized by a severe pneumonia leading to death in some cases. Currently, no licensed vaccines, drugs, or biologics have been confirmed to be absolutely effective in prophylaxis or treatment of this novel infection. Therefore, the treatment of this highly contagious disease remains a global concern and emergency. The viral interference is a competition phenomenon by which a primary virus infecting a cell prohibits the infection of the same cell by another (secondary) virus. The phenomenon has recently been indicated to be exploited for antiviral strategies. This strategy, particularly when there is no efficient drug against a viral infection, is of high importance. Some researchers have studied the application of the phenomenon among different viruses. In this paper, I discussed the possibility of the application of interference phenomenon in prophylaxis of the disease.
New description of vagal nerve commanted intrapancreatic taste buds and blood glucose level: An experimental analysis
Authors: Aydin Mehmet Dumlu , Aydin Aybike , Caglar Ozgur , Aydin Muhammed Enes , Karadeniz Erdem , Nalci Kemal Alp , Demirtas Rabia
Published: July 2021

Introduction: There have been thousands of neurochemical mechanism about blood glucose level regulation, but intrapancreatic taste buds and their roles in blood glucose level has not been described. We aimed to investigate if there are taste buds cored neural networks in the pancreas, and there is any relationship between blood glucose levels. Methods: This examination was done on 32 chosen rats with their glucose levels. Animals are divided into owned blood glucose levels. If mean glucose levels were equal to 105 ± 10 mg/dL accepted as euglycemic (G-I; n = 14), 142 ± 18 mg/dL values accepted as hyperglycemic (G-II; n = 9) and 89 ± 9 mg/dL accepted as hypoglycemic (G-III; n = 9). After the experiment, animals were sacrificed under general anesthesia. Their pancreatic tissues were examined histological methods and numbers of newly described taste bud networks analyzed by Stereological methods. Results compared with Mann-Whitney U test P < 0.005 considered as significant. Results: The mean normal blood glucose level (mg/dL) and taste bud network densities of per cm3 were: 105 ± 10 mg/dL; 156±21 in G-I; 142 ± 18 mg/dL and 95 ± 14 in G-II and 89 ± 9 mg/dL and 232 ± 34 in G-III. P values as follows: P < 0.001 of G-II/G-I; P < 0.005 of G-III/G-I and P < 0.0001 of G-III/G-II. We detected periarterial located taste buds like cell clusters and peripherally located ganglia connected with Langerhans cells via thin nerve fibers. There was an inverse relationship between the number of taste buds networks and blood glucose level. Conclusion: Newly described intrapancreatic taste buds may have an important role in the regulation of blood glucose level.
Therapeutic effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via modulation of TLR2 and TLR4 on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in male Sprague-Dawley rats
Authors: Karimi Zeinab , Janfeshan Sahar , Kargar Abarghouei Elias , Hashemi Seyedeh-Sara
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a pro-inflammatory process that activates toll-like receptors (TLRs). Stem cell therapy holds a great promise for kidney repair. Therefore, we investigated the immunomodulatory role of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) on TLR2 and TLR4 expression in AKI in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods: BMSCs were isolated from the bone marrow of male rats, cultured in DMEM, and characterized using appropriate markers before transplantation. Renal I/R was induced by 45 minutes bilateral ischemia followed by 24 hours of reperfusion. Rats received intraperitoneal injections of BMSCs (1.5 × 106 cells, i.p, per rat) immediately after termination of renal ischemia. Serum samples were collected pre-and post-stem cells injection for assessment of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) levels. The kidneys were harvested after 24 hours of reperfusion for structural and molecular analysis. Results: Renal I/R caused severe tissue injuries and increased the level of BUN (166.5 ± 12.9 vs. 18.25 ± 1.75) and Cr (3.7 ± 0.22 vs. 0.87 ± 0.06) compared to the sham group. In addition, mRNA expression of TLR2 and TLR4 elevated in the renal I/R group. Administration of BMSCs improved the functional and structural state of the kidney induced by I/R and down-regulated TLR2 and TLR4 gene expression. Conclusion: The results showed a highly significant renoprotection by BMSCs that indicates their therapeutic potential in I/R injures. These effects are most likely associated with the TLR2/4 signaling pathway via modulation of the inflammatory response cascades.
A Study on Customers Satisfaction towards Promotional Strategy with Special Reference to Public Sector Banks in Madurai City
Authors: Srinivasan K R , Karthik T T
Published: July 2021

Marketing is a source which can help the banks to achieve objective. Customers are king in banking sector, customers aware of the products, price, availability and procedure through promotions. In this study we are going to find customers satisfaction towards promotional strategy in public sector banks, 120 samples collected from public sector bank customers in various branches in Madurai city. SPSS software has been used to find statistical inference.
A relatividade geral e a Sonda Gravidade B
Authors: Santos Noelia Souza
Published: July 2021

Em 1918, Hans Thirring, usando a aproximação de campo fraco para as equações de campo de Einstein, deduziu que uma casca massiva girando lentamente arrasta os referenciais inerciais no sentido de sua rotação. No mesmo ano Joseph Lense aplicou na Astronomia os cálculos de Thirring. Posteriormente, este efeito ficou conhecido como efeito Lense-Thirring. Juntamente com o efeito de Sitter, esses fenômenos foram recentemente testados através de giroscópios em órbita em torno da Terra, uma antiga proposta feita por George E. Pugh em 1959 e por Leonard I. Schiff em 1960. O satélite da GPB foi lançado em órbita em torno da Terra a uma altitude de 642 km pela NASA em 2004. Resultados apresentados em maio de 2011 mostram claramente a existência do efeito Lense-Thirring  e do efeito de Sitter  com precisão de 19% e de 0,28% respectivamente. Esses resultados estão em bom acordo com os valores previstos pela teoria da Relatividade Geral. Neste artigo busca-se abordar de forma breve e didática alguns elementos fundamentais para a compreensão da relatividade geral, a  história da missão Sonda Gravidade B e os conceitos físicos que deram suporte as ideias para a elaboração do projeto desta missão.
ACTIVIDAD ENZIMÁTICA Y PROCESO DE INFECCIÓN INICIAL DE LA PLANTA DE GUARANÁ (Paullinia cupana) POR CEPAS PATOGÉNICAS Y ENDOFÍTICAS DE Colletotrichum guaranicola
Authors: Andrade da Silva Marcely , Santos Cledir , Pérez-Nevado Francisco , Lima Nelson , Da Silva-Bentes Jânia Lilia
Published: July 2021

Anthracnose of the guarana plant (Paullinia cupana) is a disease caused by Colletotrichum guaranicola Albuq. Few studies have analyzed the origin, the form of penetration and the colonization of endophytic fungi in the guarana plant. This study aimed to determine differences in the enzymatic activities of endophytic and pathogenic strains of C. guaranicola during the initial infection process in leaves of clones sensitive to guarana anthracnose. Fourteen pathogenic and nine endophytic strains of C. guaranicola were isolated from guarana leaves with and without anthracnose symptoms, respectively. The enzymatic activities of protease, amylase, polyphenol oxidase, lipase, pectinase, and cellulolytic activities were evaluated for each fungal strain. The experimental design for each enzymatic assay was completely randomized with five replicates. The enzymatic evaluation was based on the measurement of halo produced by the enzyme reaction in each assay. Conidia were evaluated during germination and appressoria formation. Results did not detect enzymatic difference between pathogenic and endophytic strains. Data prior to germination showed differences between endophytic and pathogenic strains. Colonization of plant tissues by pathogenic strain was evidenced after the appearance of disease symptoms 48 hours after inoculation (hai), while for endophytic strains the presence of appressoria was observed on the surface of the epidermis 48 hai, and colonization of cells was not observed.
Implementasi Nilai Budaya Lokal Sebagai Pengembangan Pariwisata di Kabupaten Buru
Authors: Masniati Andi , Susiati Susiati , Tuasalamony Kurniati , Hatuwe Rahma Satya Masna , Buton La Husni , Taufik Taufik , Bugis Riki , Iye Risman , Harziko Harziko
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) mengetahui nilai-nilai budaya lokal apa yang mendukung pengembangan pariwisata di Kabupaten Buru dan 2) mengidentifikasi implementasi nilai budaya lokal dalam mendukung pengembangan pariwisata di Kabupaten Buru. Jenis penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnologi. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan teknik observasi partisiatif, interview (wawancara), dan studi dokumentasi. Tempat yang dipilih sebagai lokasi penelitian adalah di Desa Waimiting dan Desa Kayeli. Sumber data dari para responden, yakni pelaku budaya, tokoh masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Nilai-nilai budaya lokal apa yang mendukung pengembangan pariwisata di Kabupaten Buru, yakni dari sistem kepercayaan masyarakat, sistem kemayarakatan, sistem kekerabatan, sistem teknologi, sistem pengetahuan, sistem mata pencaharian, bahasa, serta kesenian, upadara adat, dan pantang larang. Dari beberapa unsur-unsur budaya tersebut lahir nilai atau norma tata laku yang berkearifan lokal dalam masyarakat seperti perilaku seni, perilaku spiritual, perilaku ekonomi, perilaku politik, serta perilaku lain dalam kehidupan dan benda-benda sebagai kesatuan material. Implementasi nilai budaya lokal dalam mendukung pengembangan pariwisata di Kabupaten Buru mencakup empat pilar, yakni Mengandung pilar Environmental Responsibility; Local Economy Vitality; Cultural Sensitivity; Experiaental Richness.
Model Pelestarian Benda Cagar Budaya (BCB) Kabupaten Buru
Authors: Rumata Abdul Rasyid , Wael Abdi , Sehol Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Benda-benda Cagar Budaya (BCB) diseputaran wilayah Kabupaten Buru Sebagian besar telah ditemukan akantetapi masih harus dilakukan observasi dan penelitian ilmiah lebih lanjut untuk mengungkap sebagian lainnya yang belum ditemukan. Hal ini sangat penting dilakukan, sehingga tidak terjadi kepunahan yang membuat publik lupa akan BCB.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeksripsikan Model pelestarian Budaya yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah kabupaten Buru. Jenis penilitian yang digunakan berupa penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan historis, komunikasi dan pendekatan berbasis sosial berkaitan dengan lingkungan yand diteliti. Proses penelitian ini bertempat di Desa Kaely Kecamatan Teluk Kaely Kabupaten Buru Provinsi Maluku. Informan merupakan suatu kebutuhan utama dalam penelitian, sehingga dalam penelitian ini, informan yang dipilih peneliti adalah sejarahwan, tokoh masyarakat, dan pihak lain yang memiliki keterkaitan dengan masalah Cagar Budaya, baik pemerintah, swasta, maupun masyarakat umum. Sumber data penelitian ini terdiri atas data primer dan sekunder. Ada beberapa metode yang penulis gunakan dalam proses pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, interview, dan dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh akan dianalisa melalui tahap deduksi, induksi, dan komparasi. Hasil penelitian meneunjukkan bahwa belum adanya regulasi yang diatur pada pemerintah Buru dalam melestarikan Cagar Budaya yang ada di Kabuapaten Buru.
UM OLHAR OBLÍQUO SOBRE CRÔNICA E SOCIEDADE
Authors: Santurbano Andrea
Published: July 2021

As décadas de 1960 e 1970 na Itália, época social e politicamente conturbada, marcada por paradoxos, criticidades, embates, atentados, lutas armadas, são lidas por alguns escritores recorrendo a uma “terceira via”: nem declaradamente engajada nem ostensivamente distanciada. Em particular, autores como Juan Rodolfo Wilcock, Goffredo Parise, Giorgio Manganelli, entre outros, se utilizam de formas literárias breves para propor uma síntese original que conjugue experiência jornalística, invenção narrativa e crítica social.
ROMPENDO O SILÊNCIO
Authors: Dos Santos Machado Charliton José , Da Silva Nunes Maria Lúcia , Alves do Nascimento Gabriel
Published: July 2021

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo de investigação a análise da entrevista concedida pela ex-prefeita de Cuité/PB, Neuza Bezerra Santos, ao Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas “História, Sociedade e Educação no Brasil” – HISTEDBR/GT-PB, em sua residência, na cidade de Natal/RN, em 08 de agosto de 2018. A ex-gestora foi a segunda mulher a disputar e vencer como candidata do Movimento Democrático Brasileiro (MDB), em 15 de novembro de 1968, um pleito majoritário municipal na história política da Paraíba, em pleno contexto de antecedência ao Ato Institucional Nº 5. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, envolvendo como procedimento técnico a aplicação da história oral temática, cuja abordagem se ampara na perspectiva teórica da História do Tempo Presente. Portanto, o estudo contribuiu, do ponto de vista da história regional, para romper o silêncio sobre a história da participação política das mulheres paraibanas, visibilizando uma personagem que marcou presença como protagonista.
RABISCOS NA COLÔNIA
Authors: Gaia Schüler Thais , Lima Magalhães Magna
Published: July 2021

Os Abrigos do Virador consistem em um conjunto de três sítios arqueológicos sob-rocha localizados no Vale do Caí, no estado brasileiro do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil). O Virador I guarda um painel petroglífico descoberto e estudado pelo arqueólogo Pedro Augusto Mentz Ribeiro e sua equipe em 1969, o qual inaugura os estudos de arte rupestre neste estado. Antes da descoberta dos sítios, entretanto, menções ao local já estavam presentes na etnologia alemã do final do século XIX e início do século XX.
DO SERTÃO AO MODERNO MÉDIO RIO DOCE
Authors: Nunes de Morais Michelle
Published: July 2021

Este artigo apresenta o modo pelo qual ocorreu a ocupação do Sertão do Rio Doce Estado de Minas Gerais. Para tanto, trabalha-se com elementos sociais e históricos que vêm desde o século XIX e alguns relatos que constituem o imaginário sobre a região, elaborados desde o Século XVIII. A hipótese central é que o moderno Vale do Rio Doce recebeu as suas características através de ações orientadas para o objetivo de ocupar o Sertão, ações essas que foram amparadas no imaginário cunhado no decorrer período colonial. O movimento de ocupação de tal espaço mesmo no decorrer do século XX, foi amparado no imaginário do sertão como sendo um lugar inóspito, selvagem, vazio, deserto e habitado por selvagens e/ou vadios, preguiçosos e ociosos.
MARIA ANTÔNIA
Authors: Siqueira Vigário Jacqueline
Published: July 2021

Perseguir os significados que a Rua Maria Antônia, no distrito da Consolação, adquiriu na vida urbana da cidade de São Paulo desde a sua origem é o principal objetivo do livro Maria Antônia, um retrato além da moldura, de Fernando Santos da Silva (2019). Trata-se de uma produção fruto da pesquisa desenvolvida pelo autor para seu mestrado na Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, e que, transformada em livro, foi publicada em 2019 pela editora Appris.
El Rol de la Enfermería en la Salud Pública bajo un enfoque comunitario
Authors: Villacreses-Holguin Gabriel Alejandro , Ponce-Lino Leonela Lissett , Andrade-Zambrano Saron , Marcillo-Quimis Tatiana Lissette
Published: July 2021

El Rol de la Enfermería en la Salud Pública bajo un enfoque comunitario
SYNADENIUM GRANTII: ¿Planta de la vida o Planta de la muerte?
Authors: Rodríguez-Carbonell Juan Aarón , Carbonell-García Carmen Elena , Rodríguez-Román Rufino
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Determinar la toxicidad aguda y seriada de la dosis de látex de Synadenium grantii (Euphorbiaceae) en Rattus norvegicus var. albinus. Metodología: Se trabajó con una muestra seleccionada de 30 especímenes divididos en 6 grupos experimentales a los cuales se les trató con látex diluido a los primeros 3 grupos, distribuidos en forma aleatoria y por sonda orogástrica. Además, se utilizó un subgrupo de 16 especímenes para el cálculo de la dosis letal media (DL50). Conclusión: El látex de Synadenium grantii (Euphorbiaceae) tiene efectos adversos agudos y seriados en ratas; además que el efecto adverso dosis dependiente evidenciado fueron los latidos cardiacos incrementados en número e intensidad; y el látex puro presenta una dosis letal media de 0,6 ml a la administración por vía orogástrica.
Historia de la educación sexual en la Argentina contemporánea
Authors:   , Zemaitis Santiago
Published: July 2021

Situada desde la Historia de la educación, el Análisis Político del Discurso y los Estudios de género, esta tesis explora diferentes discursos, agentes y experiencias en torno a la educación sexual en la Argentina desde la década de 1960 hasta 1997. Para esto, se estudia cómo, desde mediados de siglo XX, la educación sexual se fue configurando en un campo de disputas entre especialistas en crianza y familia, pediatras, sexólogas/os, psicólogas/os, psicoanalistas, psicólogas/os educacionales, médicas/os, planificadores familiares, agentes religiosos, funcionarias/os de políticas educativas estatales y académicas feministas. Desde los años 60, la educación sexual se volvió un objeto de debate público, al tiempo que se configuró como un campo de disputas entre esos y otros agentes por la hegemonía de sus significados. Todo esto en una coyuntura sociocultural de grandes cambios en la moral sexual y en los hábitos y prácticas sexuales, sobre todo de las generaciones más jóvenes. De allí en adelante la temática se volvió un objeto de predilecto interés para quienes serían reconocidas/os como las/os pioneros, especialistas y “expertas/os” en educación sexual, comunidades que fueron demandando al Estado por la inclusión de esta educación en el sistema educativo formal. Esto se dio a partir de la extensión de redes y eventos entre “especialistas” de la región latinoamericana. Fue durante el alfonsinismo, con la vuelta a la democracia y en un contexto en donde la emergencia del sida y el embarazo adolescente fueron las dos grandes problemáticas sanitarias y educativas, se incorporaron esas demandas y se impulsaron programas y experiencias piloto en torno a la educación sexual en el ámbito educativo. Esto lo estudiamos tanto a nivel nacional en el Ministerio de Educación y Justicia como en la Dirección General de Cultura y Educación de la provincia de Buenos Aires. Durante la década del 90, se evidencian tensiones y disputas por la inclusión, no solo de la educación sexual dentro de la reforma curricular de mediados de esa década, sino también por la emergencia de la perspectiva de género en el sistema educativo. En ese marco, fueron conocidas las relaciones de proximidad entre el gobierno menemista con los sectores de las cúpulas católicas, una proximidad que provocó que en una parte de dicha reforma quedaran excluidas la educación sexual, la noción de género y los derechos sexuales y reproductivos, aunque sí se lograron ver estas incorporaciones en la Formación docente para 1997.
PREDICTING FINANCIAL DISTRESS IN THE MALAYSIAN MARKET: HAZARD MODEL VERSUS THE LOGIT MODEL
Authors: Hanafi Ahmad Harith Ashrofie , Md-Rus Rohani , Mohd Kamarun Nisham Taufil
Published: July 2021

The increasing numbers of financially distressed firms in the Malaysian market demonstrate the importance of predicting financial distress among firms in Malaysia. Using firm financial ratios, this study focuses on predicting financial distress using the hazard model and logistic regression (logit model) based on the Malaysian market. This study used listed firms on the Malaysian stock market from 2000 to 2018 to create two sets of data comprising the main sample and holdout sample in order to compare the predictability between hazard and logit models. The results clearly show that the hazard model is better compared to the logit model in predicting financial distress for the Malaysian market since more variables were found to be significant in addition to the model being more consistent in terms of accuracy.
OVERVIEW OF SOCIAL INSURANCE IN MALAYSIA: INVALIDITY PENSION SCHEME (IPS)
Authors: Chek Mohd Zaki Awang , Ismail Isma Liana
Published: July 2021

Social insurance is a public insurance programme that provides protection against various economic risks such as loss of income due to sickness, old age, invalidity, death, or unemployment, where participation is made to be compulsory. Social insurance is regarded as a type of social security, and the two terms are sometimes used interchangeably. Social insurance programmes differ from private insurance in several ways. Firstly, the contributions are normally compulsory and may be made by the insured’s employer, by the state, as well as by the insured himself. Benefits are also not as strictly tied to contributions as is the case with private insurance. For example, to make the programmes serve certain social purposes, some contributors are included among the beneficiaries even though they may not have contributed for the required period of time. Next, benefits may be increased in response to the rising cost of living, which reduces the amount between contributions and benefits. The main objective of this study is to understand the contribution and benefits of social insurance coverage under the Social Security Organisation (SOCSO)’s Invalidity Pension Scheme (IPS).
JOB SATISFACTION AMONG AUDITORS
Authors: Mohamed Saat Maisarah , Abdul Halim Nurul Syazlin , Rodzalan Shazaitul Azreen
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this research is to examine job satisfaction among auditors and the relationships between internal as well as external factors and job satisfaction. The research also examines internal and external factors of motivation; dimensions for internal factors include achievements, advancement, work itself, recognition and growth while for external, the dimensions are company policy, relationship with peers, work security, supervisory relationship, money, and working conditions. This research is guided by Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory which explains the difference between motivation and hygiene factors that can lead to job satisfaction. Data were collected using an online questionnaire distributed to auditors in Johor state audit firms with diverse personal and professional backgrounds. The results show that both internal and external factors of motivation have significant positive relationships with job satisfaction. ‘Achievement’ and ‘Growth’ are dominant internal factors of motivation towards job satisfaction while ‘Company policy’ and ‘Relationship with Supervisors’ are dominant external factors of motivation. The results of this research provide indicators to the employers, particularly audit firms, on the factors that influence job satisfaction, thus these employers could take appropriate actions in ensuring the well-being of their employees who are in this context are auditors.
THE APPLICATION OF ISLAMIC VALUES IN THE TRAINING PROGRAM OF THE INSTITUT LATIHAN ISLAM MALAYSIA IN ISLAMIC HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Abang Muis Abang Mohd. Razif , Marinsah Syamsul Azizul , Ramlie Habibah @ Artini , Othman Irma Wani , Ationg Romzi , Mohd Shah Mohd Kamal , Yusoff Muhammad Safuan
Published: July 2021

White-collar crime issues involving Muslim workers are now a worrying phenomenon. Muslim workers like to lose the principles of Islamic values that should be the main tenet in life, including in performing their duties and responsibilities in the institution. In overcoming this, the aspect of application and understanding of Islamic values among Muslim workers, especially in Islamic higher education institutions, especially in Malaysia should be taken into consideration. Among the mediums that can be used to implement this is to implement training programs that emphasize and apply Islamic values among the participants. As an Islamic-based training institute, the Institut Latihan Islam Malaysia (ILIM), should emphasize the aspect of Islamic values in the training programs it implements. Therefore, this paper has two objectives. First, identify the application of Islamic values in training programs. Second, to analyse the application of Islamic values in training programs at ILIM in the context of Islamic higher education institutions. This paper uses the document review method and uses qualitative content analysis. The findings of the paper show that there are at least five Islamic values that need to be applied in the training program, namely the values of compassion, trust, justice, moderation, and self-reflection. In addition, it was also found that ILIM also applies these values in its training program either directly or indirectly. In conclusion, the application of all these Islamic values in training programs especially in ILIM is very important to address criminal issues involving Muslim workers.
UNDERSTANDING THE CHALLENGES AND THE OPPORTUNITIES ASSOCIATED WITH LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT FOR STUDENTS OF HIGHER LEARNING INSTITUTION IN SABAH, MALAYSIA
Authors: Ationg Romzi , Esa Mohd. Sohaimi , Othman Irma Wani , Mohd Shah Mohd Kamal , Yusoff Muhammad Safuan , Ramlie Habibah @ Artini , Mokhtar Saifulazry
Published: July 2021

The presence of effective leadership is always vital for the successful attainment of common goals. Given that the students of HLIs are the potential leaders of any organization or society in the future, leadership development programs/courses generally required in HLIs. Accordingly, in an effort to ensure the Higher Learning Institutions graduates well equipped with effective leadership knowledge and skill, the HLIs in Sabah is offering leadership development programs/courses. Despite that, however, many remain clueless of what exactly are the challenges and opportunities associated with these leadership development programs/courses. By applying a qualitative approach through the examination of information gathered from various sources such as books, journals, and media reports, the paper presents a discussion on the challenges and opportunities associated with leadership development programs/courses for students of HLIs in Sabah, Malaysia. The findings are expected to contribute to the systematic understanding of challenges and opportunities of leadership development programs/courses for students of HLIs, thus led to the enrichment of existing leadership development programs in HLIs.
AWARENESS, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES TOWARDS COVID-19 AMONG IIUM STUDENTS
Authors: Ariffin Nur Izzati , Mohd Badrol Siti Hajar , Mohd Azlan Siti Aida Aliah , Hussain Faridah
Published: July 2021

The rise of the COVID-19 pandemic has killed more than two million people within a year. The deadly virus brings chaotic problems to every layer of society, including university students. The main goal of this study is to investigate the awareness regarding COVID-19 among International Islamic University of Malaysia (IIUM) students. This study examines the awareness, perception, and involvement of the IIUM community to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 during the scare. A qualitative research design was employed, using an interview method through purposive sampling procedure as the research instrument used for the data collection. A total of eight respondents, including international and local university students, participated in the study. The study adopted the situational theory of publics by Grunig (1966) to guide the study. This study found that IIUM local students have adequate information and awareness regarding COVID-19. However, future efforts should be aimed at enhancing awareness campaigns among the IIUM international students in Malaysia. The findings of the study will have implications on awareness, perception, and behaviour during a virus outbreak.
SULH AND PEACE: ITS APPLICATION ACCORDING TO ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Mohd Sabri Mohammad Nor Anwar , Ab Hamid Nor ‘Adha
Published: July 2021

Islam was revealed by Allah S.W.T to His messenger, the great Prophet Muhammad S.A.W is a complete and comprehensive religion to face all human problems in this world. It is integrated into a natural system and suitable to be implemented in all places, times, and situations. All its laws and regulations are not contrary to the norms and human nature. This is simply to ensure harmonious life, free from all strife that can ruin a human life. In daily life, human beings often cannot escape from facing various difficulties, problems, and disputes. Therefore, Islam does not allow its followers to look for a solution to the matter without providing a way out and blowing the spirit of Islamiyyah into it. The sulh method is a concept of external dispute resolution and this method has been practiced in all Syariah Courts throughout Malaysia. Peace carries the definition of one of the main teachings in Islam that leads to things or deeds to make peace. This qualitative study uses library research methods as well as documents such as the Quran, books, and research papers. This study aims to refine the concept of Sulh in Islam, history and evaluate the application of Sulh which is now increasingly overlooked by society. This study is important in elevating the concept and wisdom of Sulh that needs to be emphasized in Islam in order to be able to be appreciated and harmonized by the community in Malaysia.
LEGAL LITERACY AMONG TEACHERS IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Suhaimi Suriati , Mohd Yaakob Mohd Faiz
Published: July 2021

Legal literacy among teachers is very important in the context of education in Malaysia, especially in facing various challenges. cases involving teachers and the law often published in the mass media leaving a negative impact on the world of education itself as well as involving the Ministry of Education Malaysia. This concept paper discusses literature highlights to reinforce that legal literacy is vital to be used as a study variable. This survey applies document analysis procedure, which includes a review of several official government documents such as the EDUCATION ACT 1996 (Act 550), Student Disciplinary Procedure, Education Regulations (School Discipline) 1959, and the Children Act 2001 (Act 611). The Federal Constitution is also used as the main reference in this concept paper. This study is able to provide guidance to teachers and educational leaders so as not to face legal risks while carrying out their responsibilities.
POTENTIAL OF TAIPING CITY AS A HERITAGE TOURISM ATTRACTION IN PERAK
Authors: Mapjabil Jabil , Mohd Salleh Noorziah , Paramaswaran Yogeswary , Datu Eranza Datu Razali , Marzuki Mazdi , Rosmiza M.Z.
Published: July 2021

The existence of various monuments and buildings built since the early 1900s needs to be preserved as heritage tourist attractions. Taiping is one of the cities that has the potential to be promoted as a popular heritage tourism destination in Perak. To that end, the purpose of this study was to identify the types and categories of various buildings and monuments that have the potential to be used as heritage tourism attractions in the city; by examining the perceptions of local people on the potential of Taiping and to suggest strategies and measures preserve and conserve the heritage of the city. This study uses a mixture of quantitative and qualitative methods. The results show that there are various monuments and old buildings being the potential to be heritage tourist attractions, including Rock Garden, Chinese Pagoda, F.M.S Station, Peking Hotel, railway station, Rest House 1894, clock tower, Silver Museum, and First Galeria. Among the things that need to be given attention in order to make Taiping a heritage tourist attraction are the level of cleanliness and cheerfulness of the environment, provision of basic facilities, maintenance and conservation of heritage site structure, promotional aspect, and security level in the area. Various strategies and measures are proposed to make Taiping a popular heritage tourism destination in Perak in particular and Malaysia in general.
A local rehabilitation service for children with hearing loss
Authors: Tufatulin Gaziz Sh. , Koroleva Inna V.
Published: July 2021

Objectives to discuss the issues of inter-disciplinary cooperation for improvement the pediatric audiological care using modern technologies for hearing restoration.
Material and methods. An epidemiological study of hearing impairments in 3098 children registered in the Center of Pediatric Audiology (St. Petersburg) and analysis of the city pediatric audiological services were carried out.
Results. The introduction of the universal newborn hearing screening helped to diagnose hearing loss in children under 1 year of age in 47% of cases. Before the screening implementation, it was diagnosed in 22% of cases. The hearing screening results testify that 26% of children meet modern requirements of early diagnosis (under 3 months) of congenital hearing loss. 54% of children registered in the Audiology Center are using hearing aids or cochlear implants. The mean age of initial amplification is 3 years 8 months. 5.4% of children got amplification under 6 months of age, 20% of children - under 1 year and 58% - under 3 years. The mean interval between diagnosis and amplification was 15.7 months, only 24% of children got amplification within 3 months after being diagnosed.
A system of family-centered medical, psychological and pedagogical rehabilitation of children with hearing impairments was developed at the Center of Pediatric Audiology.
Laboratory and instrumental indicators associated with decreased left ventricle ejection fraction in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Aidumova Olesya Yu. , Rubanenko Anatolii O. , Kompanets Natalya V. , Shchukin Yurii V.
Published: July 2021

Objectives to evaluate laboratory and instrumental indicators, associated with decreased left ventricle ejection fraction in patients with heart failure of ischemic etiology.
Material and methods. The observational study included 71 patient with coronary heart disease and chronic heart failure (CHF). All patients underwent the testing on the following parameters: uric acid concentration, C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), NT-proBNP, ST2 and cystatin C tests, glomerular filtration rate. Instrumental examination included transthoracic echocardiography and 6-minute walk test.
Results. The study revealed several indicators, associated with decreased left ventricle ejection fraction less than 50% in patients with CHF: NT-proBNP level 822.2 pg/ml, ST2 38.61 ng/l, uric acid 419.9 mmol/l, hs-CRP 2.54 mg/l, end diastolic volume index 73.68 ml/m2, left ventricular mass index 127 g/m2, left ventricular contractility index 1.75, pulmonary artery pressure 29 mm Hg. and vena cava inferior diameter 20 mm.
Remote examination and testing of elderly persons in detecting hearing impairments
Authors: Vladimirova Tatyana Yu. , Martynova Anastasiya B. , Kurenkov Aleksandr V. , Popov Mikhail N.
Published: July 2021

Objectives to assess the efficiency of using a comprehensive hearing test, including a questionnaire survey and determination of hearing thresholds using the "Automated system of primary hearing assessment" web application, in comparison with tone threshold audiometry in elderly people.
Material and methods. We examined 138 patients of the Samara Regional Clinical Hospital for War Veterans who were over 60 years old. The group included 67 women and 71 men with the average age of 71.6 6.4 years. The patients underwent ENT endoscopy, an online survey on hearing self-assessment, hearing thresholds study using the Automated Primary Hearing Assessment web application, and tone threshold audiometry.
Results. The prevalence of hearing impairment in the group was 76.1% according to the online questionnaire on hearing self-assessment. When comparing the general results of the on-line test questionnaire and the study of hearing thresholds, the on-line test data were confirmed when conducting tonal threshold audiometry in 75.0% of people with normal test indicators, in 25.0% of people an in-depth study showed some hearing loss. According to an online survey of patients with hearing complaints, 89.1% had a certain degree of hearing loss. Hearing parameters according to the web application were comparable in terms of both hearing threshold values and the degree of hearing loss with the data of tonal threshold audiometry. The maximum difference was 3.9 and 3.5 dB at 1 and 2 kHz for the right ear and 7.2 dB at 4 kHz for the left ear. Low agreement of mean hearing thresholds was observed in patients at frequencies of 1 and 4 kHz on the right ( = 0.24 and = 0.3, respectively) and at a frequency of 4 kHz - on the left ( = 0.14), which may be due to high-frequency hearing loss in this group of patients and more significant fluctuations of indicators. The discrepancies in the data of the web application and in the values of the hearing thresholds when taking into account the comorbid status were minimal in persons with diabetes mellitus and amounted to 2 dB at a frequency of 8 kHz, the maximum deviations were observed in patients with occupational risk factors of 7.2 dB at a frequency of 4 kHz.
Conclusion. The comprehensive study that includes an online survey on hearing self-assessment and the hearing function evaluation in the Automated System for Primary Hearing Assessment web application is a convenient and simple tool for screening hearing impairment in outpatients and clinical examination, as well as at the stage of monitoring, treatment, and rehabilitation of patients with various degrees and types of hearing loss, especially in the elderly people.
FORMULASI DAN UJI STABILITAS FISIK SEDIAAN MASKER GEL PEEL-OFF EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN MIANA (Coleus Scutelleroides (L.) Benth.) DENGAN BERBAGAI BASIS
Authors: Karlah L.R Mansauda Indriyani Arman,Hosea Jaya Edy,
Published: July 2021

AbstractMiana leaves (Coleus Scutelleroides (L.) Benth.) contained flavonoid compounds that has antioxidants properties. This study aimed to formulate peel-off gel mask ethanol extract from Miana leaves became peel-off gel mask that is physically stable and to knows the type of base that form a formulation with good physical quality based on the test parameters of physical properties and the stability of preparation. Formulation  of peel-off gel mask ethanol extract of miana leaves used three different types of base, they are HPMC, Carbopol, and Na.CMC. Each formula is differentiated based on base of concentration which were HPMC 4%, carbopol 1%, and Na.CMC 3%. Evaluation to predict the physical stability of the preparation included organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, dispersion test, adhesion test and dry time test. In stability test, each formula is placed at temperature 27 oC for 28 days and made observation on the 1st, 7th, 14th, 21th, and 28th day. Based on the result, the ethanol extract of Miana leaves can be formulated into a peel-off mask and formulation with HPMC and Carbopol base has a good physical quality and physically stable compared to Na.CMC base.Keywords: Miana Leaves, Peel-Off Gel Mask, Stability Teh  AbstrakDaun Miana (Coleus Scutelleroides (L.) Benth.) memiliki kandungan senyawa flavonoid yang berkhasiat sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan ekstrak etanol daun Miana menjadi masker gel peel-off yang stabil secara fisik serta mengetahui jenis basis yang membentuk formulasi sediaan masker dengan mutu fisik yang baik berdasarkan parameter uji sifat fisik dan stabilitas sediaan. Formulasi sediaan masker gel peel-off  ekstrak etanol daun Miana dibuat dengan menggunakan tiga jenis basis yang berbeda yaitu HPMC, karbopol, dan Na.CMC. Masing-masing formula dibedakan berdasarkan basis konsentrasi yaitu HPMC 4%, karbopol 1%, dan Na.CMC 3%. Evaluasi yang dilakukan terhadap stabilitas fisik sediaan masker gel peel-off meliputi uji organoleptis, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji daya sebar, uji daya lekat, dan uji waktu mengering. Uji stabilitas dilakukan pada suhu kamar (27 oC) selama 28 hari dan dilakukan pengamatan pada hari ke 1, 7, 14, 21, dan 28. Hasil uji stabilitas fisik sediaan masker gel peel-off ekstrak etanol daun Miana dapat diformulasikan dalam bentuk sediaan masker gel peel-off , dan formula masker dengan basis HPMC dan karbopol memiliki mutu fisik yang baik dan stabil secara fisik dibandingkan dengan basis Na.CMC.Kata kunci: Daun Miana, Masker gel peel-off, Uji Stabilitas.
Pengaruh Pendapatan Asli Daerah dan Dana Alokasi Umum Terhadap Belanja Modal Pada 19 Kabupaten dan Kota di Sumatera Barat
Authors: Fernandes Joni , Oktavia Devi
Published: July 2021

The low absorption of the budget in capital expenditures can have an impact, including, for example, the poor local infrastructure that is currently owned and the absence of a significant additional number of projects in the new infrastructure sector, the absence of basic infrastructure such as ports, roads, clean water processing and generators electricity. The purpose of this study was to determine how much influence local revenue and general allocation funds have on capital expenditures in 19 districts and cities in West Sumatra for the 2015–2019 period. Total sampling method is used for the sampling technique and obtained 95 data. The Central Bureau of Statistics of West Sumatra Province is a place for data collection through the website www.sumbar.bps.go.id. Panel data regression analysis is the analysis method used  with the help of the E-Views 8 application. After the Hausman-Test was carried out, it was decided to use the Fixed Effect Model method. The results showed that there was a positive effect of PAD and DAU on capital expenditures, both individually and collectively.
Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Perusahaan, Prediksi Kebangkrutan dan Opini Audit Going Concern Tahun Sebelumnya Terhadap Pemberian Opini Audit Going Concern
Authors: Septiana Gina , Khatimah Eka Khausnul
Published: July 2021

Going concern audit opinion is an opinion issued by a company regarding the feasibility of its company's financial statements to see the future. This study aims to examine company growth, bankruptcy predictions and previous year's going concern audit opinion on the provision of Going Concern audit opinion on manufacturing companies listed on the IDX. This study uses a sample of manufacturing companies listed on the IDX in 2015-2019. Based on positive sampling, the number of manufacturing companies used in this study were 57 companies. Hypothesis testing uses logistic regression using the Spss 23 program. The results of this study indicate that company growthas going concern audit opinion, bankruptcy prdition has a significant negative effect going concern audit opinion and previous year”s going concern audit opinion has a significant positive effect on going concern audit opinion
LIFE IN KUMAUN : STUDY OF LIFE SATISFACTION IN KUMAUNI WOMEN
Authors: Shukla Aradhana
Published: July 2021

This study was a part of the major project from ICSSR, New Delhi and it was aimed to ascertain the impact of cultural
variation, chronological age and marital circumstances on life satisfaction. It was contended that :
1- life satisfaction and happiness would be affected by variation in culture.
2- young and old participants would differ in relation to their scores on life satisfaction.
3- discrepancy in the scores of life satisfaction would be appeared in women living with their husbands and living far
from husband.
Two hundred and forty women ranging between 25-60 years served as participants and arranged according to the
requirements of 3*2*2 factorial design with three types of cultures (Bhotia, Buxa, General Kumauni) X two levels of
chronological age (25-30 years and 55-60 years) X two types of marital circumstances (wives living with husbands) and
wives living far from the husbands) i.e; 20 participants per cell. Measures of life satisfaction were used to get the indices
of life satisfaction in participants.
Data analysis was made by analysis of variance and correlation. It was noted that all independent variables laid their
impact as main effect and interaction mode. Also, correlation coefficients showed close knit.
Findings were discussed in terms of cultural variation, chronological age and marital circumstances as effectors of life
satisfaction. At last, need of intervention programs to raise the mental faculty of vulnerable people was also discussed.
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND EEG FEATURES OF NON-CONVULSIVE STATUS EPILEPTICUS (NCSE) AFTER CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
Authors: Tsitlidze E. , Rukhadze I. , Verulashvili I.
Published: July 2021

One of the most frequent complications after cardiovascular surgery are different types of epilepsy seizures during
coma (GCS <8). Manifestation of coma might be result of hypoxic brain injury. It is very important to make early
diagnose of exact type of complications and immediately start appropriate treatment. There are several difficulties in
identification of non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) during coma that is why in all of these cases we are using
Specific clinical and Electrophysiological examinations.
Materials And Methods: There were 42 patients with persistent coma after cardiac surgery under our clinical
observation. Aged between 36-82. Patients underwent one of the following surgeries: coronary artery bypass graft
surgery (CABG) in 27 patients, valve surgery - in 9 cases. In 6 cases there were used Surgery of ascending aorta and
aortal arch. 40 patients have been undergone cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during cardiac surgery. Following
methods were used:
Ÿ Clinical neurological status evaluation
Ÿ Computer tomography (CT scan)
Ÿ Long-term EEG
Results: Non-convulsive status was discovered in 9 cases. Patients with the NCSE were separated into three groups: First,
3 patients with nystagmoid eye jerking and facial muscles twitching. Second: in 4 cases there were twitching of the limb.
Third: 2 patients didn't have any movement clinical symptoms.
Conclusion: As we see Cardiovascular surgery might cause neurological especially epileptiform type of complications
during coma. These types of complications include non-convulsive epileptic status. Each patient needs immediate EEG
examination for early diagnose and correct treatment of this condition.
PERIAMPULLARY ADENOCARCINOMA: A RARE REPORT FROM SOUTH INDIA
Authors: Prabhu T. Purushoth , Singh Daniel Sundar , Hariharan Hariharan
Published: July 2021

Periampullary malignancy is the term utilized for neoplasms emerging from the head of pancreas, ampulla of Vater,
distal bile pipe and periampullary distinct of duodenum. Of these, the pancreatic adenocarcinoma conveys the most
noticeably awful anticipation with greater part of mortalities.Studies have shown that pancreatic carcinoma has the most
limited middle endurance of 17.1 months of all periampullary carcinomas. Herein, we present a case of a 63-year-old
male patient without any history of trauma or important previous symptoms presented to the tertiary care hospital with
compliance of sudden weight loss and abdominal pain over the preceding 3 months. On examination he was deeply
jaundice. His laboratory and radiological examination revealed periampullary adenocarcinoma. This individual had
successfully underwent Whipple procedure and followed by Chemotherapy. This case is being presented not only the
cancer is rare but also to understand and improve better clinical insight on this rare disease