bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Развитие формата торгового центра как основа кластеризации торговой сферы в России
Authors: Чеглов Вячеслав Петрович , Ившин Валентин Александрович
Published: March 2018

В настоящей статье рассматривается развитие формата «Торговый центр», его роль в становлении и экспансии розничных торговых сетей, формировании и развитии интегрированных торговых систем в мире и России. Сформулированы направления развития торговых центров в России как основы формирования кластеров торговых, сервисных и производственных предприятий, согласования интересов арендодателей и арендаторов, концептуально рассмотрены направления достижения такими объединениями синергетического эффекта.
Региональный ритейл Российской Федерации: тенденции и перспективы развития
Authors: Красильникова Елена Анатольевна , Никишин Александр Федорович
Published: March 2018

Современное состояние торговли во многом определяется развитием регионального ритейла Российской Федерации. В свою очередь, это отражает тенденции развития, как макроэкономики, так и микроэкономики в стране. В представленной статье проводится анализ динамики основных показателей развития торговли, в том числе, оборота розничной торговли, его структуры, индекса потребительских цен. Авторами представлена оценка деловой активности, а также современного состояния отрасли. Также оценивается влияние выявленных тенденций на изменение конъюнктуры потребительского рынка в регионах.
Омниканальные продажи розничных торговых организаций в контексте тенденций развития рынка детских товаров
Authors: Зверева Анна Олеговна , Леонова Юлия Геннадьевна
Published: March 2018

В предлагаемой статье авторы рассматривают практику деятельности розничных торговых организаций, чьей товарной специализацией являются детские товары. Освещены отдельные макроэкономические тенденции в отрасли, которые предопределяют векторы развития занятых в ней хозяйствующих субъектов. Несмотря на сокращение платежеспособного спроса населения и изменение покупательских приоритетов, детские товары по-прежнему являются важной составляющей расходов покупателей. Большинство компаний отрасли обязаны учитывать активное влияние информационных технологий на практику торговли. Экспансия иностранных магазинов на российский рынок стала возможной во многом благодаря доступности инструментов и технических средств для организации он-лайн продаж. В обозримом будущем хозяйствующие субъекты, осуществляющие розничную торговлю детскими товарами, будут вынуждены использовать концепцию омниканальных продаж с целью сохранения своих конкурентных позиций на рынке.
Disfajik İnmeli Bireylerde Kullanılan Kompansatuvar Postürün Yutma Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Yakşi Elif , Kurul Ramazan , Avcı Şebnem , Ögün Muhammed Nur
Published: March 2018

ÖzetAmaç

Bu çalışmanın amacı inme sonrası disfaji
görülen bireylerde kullanılan postüral adaptasyon manevralarının bireylerin
yutması üzerine etkisini incelemektir.

Gereç
ve Yöntem

Fonksiyonel oral alım skalasına göre disfaji
görülen 64 inmeli birey bu çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Bireylerin yutma
becerileri Teat-10 testi baş nötral pozisyonda ve etkilemiş tarafa rotasyon
yaptırılarak 2 kez değerlendirilmiştir.

Bulgular

Etkilenen arter bölgelerine göre yutma
bozukluk şiddetlerinde belirgin farklılık olduğu bulunmuştur(p<0.05).
Pozisyonlama sonrası yapılan yutma değerlendirmesi sonuçlarında nötral
pozisyona göre yutmalarının anlamlı düzeyde değiştiği gözlenmiştir(p<0.05).

Sonuç

Bu çalışmanında chin tuck postürüne ek
olarak başın etkilenen tarafa rotasyonunun inmeli disfajik bireylerde yutmayı
olumlu etkilediği bulunmuştur

Anahtar
kelimeler: Disfaji, İnme, Rehabilitasyon
Erzincan Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Klinik Eğitim Dönemi Öğrencilerinin Staj Kurulları ile İlgili Görüşleri, Öğrenci Merkezli Tıp Eğitimi Metotlarına İlişkin Bilgi Düzeyi ve Yaklaşımları
Authors: AKTURAN Selçuk , SUNAR Mukadder
Published: March 2018

Objective:
The
aim of the study is to investigate the students’ opinions about their clinical
rotations, learn their level of knowledge and opinion about student centered
education methods; brain storming, small group study, task based learning,
problem based learning, Objective Structured Practical Examination (OSPE),
student clinics, clinical skills education.

Methods:
It
is a cross-sectional study. The all clinical
year students were called and invited respectively to attend the study. The volunteer
students answered the survey for their clinical rotations and the level of
knowledge about student centered education methods. Than, researcher made a
presentation to give information about student centered education methods approximatelly
40 minutes. Than a survey about students’ experience with student centered education
methods and their willingness to get training with these methods were applied. Descriptive
statistics was used.

Results: The student
assessed clinical rotations over 10 and the mean score was 5,35 (min: 1, max.:
8, SD: ±1,62). It
was indicated that the students didn’t get training with student-centered
education methods. Students support to use student-centered education methods;
brain stroming-small group study-homework based learning (%83.9), task based
learning (%87.1), OSPE(%93,5), student clinics (96,8), clinical skills
laboratory educations (%96,8), in our school’s new curriculum is high.

Conclusion:
Clinical
year students indicated that the getting feedback during clinical rotations,
interdisiplinnary interactive educations, the diversity and number of
patient-disease are insufficient in clinical rotations. They also support
and  believe that student-centered
education methods have more benefits. Furthermore, it’s mentioned that they want
to take education with student centered education methods.
Bakteri Asam Laktat Isolat 18A (Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis 1) Asal Kolon Sapi Bali Berpotensi sebagai Probiotik (LACTID ACID BACTERIA ISOLATES 18A (Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis 1) COLONIC ORIGIN BALI CATTLE POTENTIAL AS PROBIOTICS)
Authors: Suardana I Wayan , Ramona Yan , Wahyuni Sri
Published: March 2018

The main aim of this study was to determine the potency of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolate 18A(Lactococcuslactisssplactis 1),isolated from the colon of Bali cattle to be used as a probiotic candidate. The study was started by confirmation tests of the isolate, including test for growth response in De Man Rogosa and Sharpe(MRS) brothmedium, test on catalase production, and Gram staining.Its probiotic potencywas tested by growing theisolate in MRS broth medium in low pH conditions (pH 2.3 and 4) and in MRS medium supplemented with various concentrations of sodium deoxycholatet (NaDC) (0.2 mM, 0.4 mM, and 0.6 mM). The results showed that isolate 18A was able to grow well in De Man Rogosa and Sharpebrothmediumunder anaerobic condition. In addition, the isolate was catalase negative and Gram positive, indicating that this isolate was confirmed as an LAB isolate. The isolate was resistant to low pH conditions (up to pH 2) and to high concentration of NaDC (up to 0.6 mM), indicating that this isolate has potential to be developed as a probiotic candidate. Further tests are still required to confirm its use asprobiotic.

ABSTRAK

Bakteri asam laktat (BAL) merupakan salah satu kelompok mikroorganisme yang memiliki peranan penting dalam menjaga kesehatan saluran pencernaan pada hewan atau manusia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi bakteri asam laktat isolat BAL 18A (Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis 1)yang diisolasi dari kolon sapi bali sebagai kandidat probiotik. Penelitian diawali dengan tahapan konfirmasi isolat 18A melalui beberapa uji, seperti uji penumbuhan pada De Man Rogosa and Sharpebroth, uji katalase, dan pewarnaan Gram. Potensinya sebagai probiotik diuji dengan melakukan pengujian terhadap pH rendah (pH 2, 3, dan 4) dan natrium deoksikolat (NaDC) dengan konsentrasi 0,2 mM, 0,4 mM, dan 0,6 mM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat BAL 18A mampu tumbuh dengan baik pada medium De Man Rogosa and Sharpebroth dalam suasana anaerob, katalase negatif, dan Gram positif,. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa isolat 18A ini adalah isolat BAL. Dalam uji ketahanan terhadap pH rendah dan NaDC, isolat ini mampu bertahan hidup pada medium pH 2 dan NaDC pada konsentrasi sampai 0,6 mM. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah isolat BAL 18A berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai kandidat probiotik.
СЕКСУАЛНО ПОНАШАЊЕ АДОЛЕСЦЕНАТА УЗРАСТА ОД 15 ДО 19 ГОДИНА У ВОЈВОДИНИ
Authors: Томашевић Тања , Мијатовић Јовановић Весна , Укропина Снежана , Милијашевић Драгана , Бркић Јовановић Нина
Published: March 2018

Многе студије су показале да сексуално васпитање и образовање које подразумева учење о когнитивним, емоционалним, социјалним и физичким аспектима сексуалности има вишеструки значај за здравље и психофизички развој адолесцената. Циљ рада је испитати знање и понашање у вези са репродуктивним здрављем код адолесцената узраста од 15 до 19 година у Војводини и указати на потребу за сексуалним васпитањем и образовањем. Истраживање представља део Националног истраживања здравља становника Републике Србије, 2013. године у коме je испитано 213 адолесцената узраста од 15 до 19 година. Резултати говоре да је просечна старост при првом сексуалном односу 15, 96 година за младиће и 16,55 година за девојке што је значајно раније зa адолесценте из ванградских средина (t=2, 13, p<0,05). У сексуалне односе са 15 и мање година ступило је 18, 5% младића и 21, 2% девојака што је значајно више код адолесцената из ванградских средина (χ2=8,906; p<0,005). У раду је уочена разлика у погледу ступања у сексуалне односе за адолесценте из ванградских и градских средина, што треба узети у обзир као важан фактор приликом дефинисања програма сексуалног васпитања и образовања.
VASPITNI STIL RODITELJA KAO FAKTOR OPŠTEG USPEHA UČENIKA
Authors: Pelemiš Dragana S.
Published: March 2018

U radu se razmatra povezanost, odnosno uticaj vaspitnog stila roditelja i uspeha učenika u školi, što ujedno predstavlja i cilj našeg istraživanja. Kao teorijsko polazište navode se modeli vaspitnog stila Šefera i Bomrajndove, a prikazani su i rezultati ranijih istraživanja ovog problema.

Rezultati našeg istraživanja su pokazali da je na prvom mestu po proceni ispitanika demokratski odnosno autoritativni vaspitni stil roditelja, na drugom izbegavajući odnosno indiferentni, na trećem mestu je autoritarni vaspitni stil, a na poslednjem mestu je popustljivi ili permisivan vaspitni stil roditelja, što ukazuje na izvesnu nedoslednost u vaspitnim postupcima, jer su sva četiri vaspitna stila vrlo ravnomerno distribuirana. Postoje izvesne razlike u distribuciji vaspitnih stilova roditelja od strane devojčica i dečaka u odnosu na autoritativni, indiferentni i permisivni vaspitni stil, kao i izvesno slaganje oba pola po pitanju procene autoritativnog vaspitnog stila roditelja.

Utvrđeno je da postoji pozitivna, statistički značajna korelacija između autoritativnog vaspitnog stila roditelja i školskog uspeha, kao i negativna statistički značajna korelacija između indiferentnog vaspitnog stila roditelja i školskog uspeha učenika. Između autoritarnog i permisivnog vaspitnog stila i školskog uspeha postoji negativna korealacija koja se ovim istraživanjem i na ovom uzorku nije pokazala kao statički značajna.

Možemo da zaključimo da postoji uticaj vaspitnih stilova roditelja na školski uspeh učenika, što ukazuje na izvesne pedagoške implikacije koje za cilj imaju jačanje vaspitne funkcije škole i porodice i uspostavljanje advekvatne saradnje i partnerskih odnosa.
О ВАЖНОСТИ ИМПЛЕМЕНТАЦИЈЕ ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЗАМА У НАСТАВИ СТРАНОГ ЈЕЗИКА
Authors: Куртума Наташа Р. , Ристић Гордана М.
Published: March 2018

Циљеви савремене наставе страног језика су, према Заједничком европском референтном оквиру за језике, усмерени на комуникацију односно развијање општих, а пре свега комуникативних компетенција. Све чешће се намеће неопходност познавања страног језика до те мере да можемо без великих проблема да комуницирамо са говорницима одређеног језика, а да при том владање страним језиком није сведено на познавање само одређених области језика. За успешну, свакодневну комуникацију је, између осталог, битно познавање фразеолошких јединица неког језика. У овом раду се поставља питање да ли су и у којој мери наставници страног језика свесни важности имплементације фразеологизама у наставу страног језика. Техника којом смо се служили приликом испитивања је анкетирање, при чему инструменте анализе чини анкетни лист са петостепеном Ликертовом скалом. За поменуту анализу употребљена је дескриптивна статистика као вид квантитативне анализе података након које следи дескрипција резултата. Циљ нашег истраживања је, уз помоћ дескриптивне статистике, извођење општих закључака у вези са ставовима наставника на одређене исказе и утврђивање тачности наших претпоставки док се фокусирамо на важност имплементације фразеолошких јединица у настави страног језика. За даља истраживања интересантно би било анализирати корелацију добијених одговора између основног односно средњег образовања, година стажа наставника и страног језика који се предаје. Сматрамо да би овај рад могао бити полазиште за даљу анализу у оквиру теме.
Valorisation du porc-épic à crête (Hystrix cristata) par les communautés des réserves de biosphère de Pendjari et du W (Bénin)
Authors: Mouzoun Séraphin , Lougbegnon Toussaint O. , Houessou Laurent G. , Codjia Jean T. C.
Published: March 2018

La demande croissante de viande de brousse en Afrique menace d’extinction de nombreuses espèces animales. Certaines sont en situation précaire, tel le porc-épic à crête (Hystrix cristata). Menacé d’extinction, il reste chassé dans plusieurs pays africains pour sa viande, très prisée par les populations locales, mais aussi ses poils modifiés en piquants. Peu connu, il présente des particularités qui lui sont spécifiques. Seul représentant de la famille des hystricidés au Bénin, il est exploité à diverses fins, dont l’alimentation humaine, en tant que source de protéines pour les populations locales, et la médecine traditionnelle. Par des enquêtes, des entrevues, des discussions informelles et des observations de terrain, nous avons étudié les usages du porc-épic à crête par les populations des réserves de biosphère de Pendjari et du W au Bénin. Cette espèce animale est utilisée dans quatre domaines : alimentation, pharmacopée, commerce et ornement. Les fréquences d’usage répertoriées sont la nourriture (100 % des personnes interrogées), la pharmacopée (80,3 %), le commerce (37,5 %) et l’ornement-artisanat (2,2 %). Les parties qui présentent les valeurs d’usage (VU) les plus élevées, toutes catégories d’usage confondues, sont la chair et la peau (viande) (VU = 1,00), les piquants (VU = 0,76) et l’estomac (VU = 0,42). La gestion effective du porc-épic à crête et de son milieu de vie suppose de conduire des recherches plus approfondies, notamment sur son importance économique et les éventuelles possibilités de son élevage en captivité.
Heartwood formation and prediction of heartwood parameters in Tectona grandis L.f. trees growing in forest plantations in Costa Rica
Authors: Fernández-Sólis David , Berrocal Alexander , Moya Róger
Published: March 2018

La présente étude vise à établir les variations du duramen (pourcentage, diamètre, rayon, volume) rapportées à la hauteur des arbres et à l’épaisseur de l’aubier, ainsi que l’âge de début de formation du duramen et sa hauteur maximale pour les arbres de l’essence Tectona grandis. Les résultats de l’échantillonnage de seize plantations réparties dans différentes zones du Costa Rica, âgées de 2 à 22 ans, montrent que l’aubier est plus épais entre 2 et 10 ans d’âge qu’entre 10 et 22 ans. La formation du duramen commence à la base des arbres âgés de 2 à 3 ans, mais il n’apparaît à hauteur de poitrine qu’à partir de 3 à 4 ans. Le duramen disparaît à une hauteur allant de 0 à 90 % de la hauteur totale selon l’âge de l’arbre. Enfin, des modèles statistiques prédictifs ont été développés pour l’épaisseur de l’aubier et pour le rayon, la hauteur maximale et le pourcentage du duramen, en se basant sur le modèle Y = K0 + K1*(épaisseur de l’aubier) + K2*(hauteur relative de l’échantillonnage) + K3*(diamètre à hauteur de poitrine) + K4*(âge de l’arbre). Ces modèles indiquent des coefficients de détermination de 70 %, 90 %, 95 %, 73 % et 31 %, respectivement.
Animal and Plant Protein Intake and Obesity, Abdominal Obesity in Korean Elderly Population: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013 to 2014
Authors: Park Ki-Byeong , Park Hyun Ah , Kang Jae-Heon , Kim Kyoungwoo , Cho Young Gyu , Jang Jinyoung
Published: March 2018

Controversy exists on whether animal and plant proteins influence obesity differently. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between total, animal, and plant protein intake with the obesity index and renal function in Korean adults. Study participants included Korean adults aged 60 years or older from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2013-2014. Height, weight, and waist circumference (WC) were measured and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated. One-day 24-hour recall data were used to estimate the daily total, animal, and plant protein intake. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated by using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation. General linear modellings were used to assess the relationships between protein intake, BMI and WC. The mean age was 69.2 ± 0.2 years, 44.2% were male. The total daily protein intake was 1.1 ± 0.02 g/kg/d and 0.9 ± 0.02 g/kg/d for males and females, respectively. Only one third of protein intake was from animal sources. In males, BMI (p < 0.001, p = 0.016, p < 0.001 respectively) and WC (p < 0.001, p = 0.010, p < 0.001, respectively) decreased as daily intake of plant protein (g/kg/d), animal protein (g/kg/d) and total protein (g/kg/d) increased. Similar associations were shown in Korean female. GFR was not associated with protein intake regardless of protein source in both sexes. In Korean adults aged 60 years or older, the protein intake was associated with a favorable obesity index without decrease in renal function. The effect was similar in both male and females, with both animal and plant proteins.
Selective Colorimetric Sensors for Cyanide and Acetate Ion in Partially Aqueous Medium
Authors: Singhal Divya , Gupta Neha , Singh Ashok Kumar
Published: March 2018

4-(thiazol-2-yldiazenyl)phenol (L1) and 2-((4-hydroxyphenyl) diazenyl)-5-nitrophenol (L2) based on azo phenol were synthesised and used as selective colorimetric sensor for CN- and AcO− ion in DMSO/H2O-HEPES (v/v; 1:1, pH–7.3 ± 0.2) and showed good sensitivity with large red shifts and nanomolar detection limit for CN- and AcO- ion. The stoichiometry of L1 with CN−/AcO− ion was found to be 1:1 and L2 with CN−/AcO− ion was found to be 1:2. Binding constant for L1+ CN−, L1 + AcO−, L2 + CN− and L2 + AcO− were calculated by B-H plot as 1.6 × 103, 8.0 × 102, 8.4 × 103 and 1.7 × 102 respectively. L2 showed high selectivity towards CN− ion with low detection limit of 81 nM and large binding constant. In addition, 1H NMR titration and DFT studies also supported the deprotonation mechanism of receptors in the presence of selective anions.
Pushbroom Hyperspectral Data Orientation by Combining Feature-Based and Area-Based Co-Registration Techniques
Authors: Barbieux Kévin
Published: March 2018

Direct georeferencing of airborne pushbroom scanner data usually suffers from the limited precision of navigation sensors onboard of the aircraft. The bundle adjustment of images and orientation parameters, used to perform geocorrection of frame images during the post-processing phase, cannot be used for pushbroom cameras without difficulties: it relies on matching corresponding points between scan lines, which is not feasible in the absence of sufficient overlap and texture information. We address this georeferencing problem by equipping our aircraft with both a frame camera and a pushbroom scanner: the frame images and the navigation parameters measured by a couple GPS/Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) are input to a bundle adjustment algorithm; the output orientation parameters are used to project the scan lines on a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and on an orthophoto generated during the bundle adjustement step; using the image feature matching algorithm Speeded Up Robust Features (SURF), corresponding points between the image formed by the projected scan lines and the orthophoto are matched, and through a least-squares method, the boresight between the two cameras is estimated and included in the calculation of the projection; finally, using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) on the gradient image, the projection is deformed into a final image that fits the geometry of the orthophoto. We apply this algorithm to five test acquisitions over Lake Geneva region (Switzerland) and Lake Baikal region (Russia). The results are quantified in terms of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) between matching points of the RGB orthophoto and the pushbroom projection. From a first projection where the Interior Orientation Parameters (IOP) are known with limited precision and the RMSE goes up to 41 pixels, our geocorrection estimates IOP, boresight and Exterior Orientation Parameters (EOP) and produces a new projection which RMSE with the reference orthophoto is around two pixels.
TEACHERS THINKING TOGETHER: NOVAS TECNOLOGIAS APLICADAS À FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES DE LÍNGUA INGLESA
Authors: Dutra Alessandra , Bell’Aver Jéssica Eluan Martinelli
Published: March 2018

O ensino de Língua Inglesa (LI) para crianças em escolas públicas é uma prática crescente e que apresenta necessidades específicas com relação à formação dos professores que atuam com essa faixa etária. Em razão da relevância das discussões a respeito do tema, o objetivo deste estudo é apresentar uma proposta de formação continuada via ambiente virtual de ensino-aprendizagem (AVEA) aplicada a professores de Língua Inglesa para crianças. Para a realização da pesquisa foram utilizados os tipos de pesquisa bibliográfica, de campo e pesquisa-ação. No que concerne à base teórica, recorreu-se a Cameron (2001), Kenski (2002, 2003), Hack (2011), Tonelli e Cristovão (2010), dentre outros. Como resultados, verificou-se que o AVEA Teachers Thinking Together possibilitou a interação entre os participantes da pesquisa, favoreceu a troca de experiências pedagógicas, assim como oportunizou aos docentes o ato de ensinar e aprender em único espaço, ampliando a proposta de formação continuada presencial existente.
A Missing Link in European Travel Literature: Burchard of Mount Sion's Description of Egypt
Authors: RUBIN Jonathan
Published: March 2018

This article offers a first study and edition of Burchard of Mount Sion’s ‘Egyptian section’. This text—hitherto almost completely neglected by scholars—provides a detailed account of Egypt, and is preserved in its entirety in two manuscripts, following Burchard’s Descriptio Terrae Sanctae. The present work provides an analysis of the contents and characteristics of this text, of the cultural context in which it was composed, and of its reception in medieval and early modern times. Appendix 1 includes a provisional edition of Burchard’s account of Egypt. Appendix 2 offers an edition of the final part of a shortened version of this text which is significant from the point of view of the history of its reception.
Ibn Sīnā’s Aristotle
Authors: JANSSENS Jules
Published: March 2018

Ibn Sīnā’s reading of Aristotle is that of an Arabic and Neoplatonized Aristotle, but, above all, critical, as the two commentaries of his Kitāb al-Insāf, i.e., on Lambda 6-10 and the pseudo-Theology, show. Ibn Sīnā read Aristotle’s works only in Arabic translation and was therefore influenced by their very wording. However, as his commentary on Lambda 6-10 shows, he looked at different translations, or even indirect testimonies, as e.g. Themistius’ paraphrase. Moreover, Ibn Sīnā offers a Neoplatonic inspired interpretation of Aristotle’s metaphysics, especially its theology. Such Neoplatonic reading is almost natural if one, as he does, considers the Theology, which mainly offers a paraphrase of Plotinus’ Enneads IV-VI, as a genuine Aristotelian work, even if Ibn Sīnā suspects a manipulation of the text by dishonest people, in all likelihood some Isma‘ilites. Eventually, Ibn Sīnā, despite his great reference for Aristotle, detects some flaws in the latter’s thinking, or, at least, in its very wording. All in all, Ibn Sīnā reveals to be a critical commentator, who considered Aristotle as the father, or even Godfather, of philosophy, but who nevertheless placed the search for truth above all.
Language Anxiety and Achievement among First Year Students of Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
Authors: Taye Bekau Atnafu
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe objectives of this study are to measure levels of students’ anxiety and to see whether anxiety affects academic their performance. The participants of the study were drawn from the Department of Foreign Languages and Literature at Addis Ababa University (AAU). The study used primary and secondary data and descriptive and inferential statistics. The inferential statistics was made in terms of one-way ANOVA. The results of the study showed that freshman students were anxious, and the level of anxiety affected the performance of the students. It was also found that anxiety and achievement have curvilinear relationships. Ameliorating strategies implied from the findings were also suggested
Patogeneza zapaleń naczyń związanych z przeciwciałami przeciwko cytoplazmie neutrofilów
Authors: Moos Łukasz , Kotyla Przemysław J.
Published: March 2018

ABSTRAKTZapalenia naczyń związane z przeciwciałami przeciwko cytoplazmie neutrofilów (antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated vasculitis – AAV) to grupa chorób zajmujących małe naczynia i charakteryzujących się ich martwiczym zapaleniem oraz obecnością przeciwciał przeciwko cytoplazmie neutrofilów (antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies – ANCA) przy braku lub obecności jedynie skąpej ilości immunoglobulin w ścianie naczyń. Przeciwciała przeciwko cytoplazmie neutrofilów to przeciwciała klasy G skierowane przeciwko składnikom ziarnistości granulocytów obojętnochłonnych. Dowody na udział ANCA w patogenezie AAV pochodzą zarówno z obserwacji klinicznych, badań in vitro, jak i badań na zwierzętach. Przyczyny pojawiania się ANCA są cały czas wnikliwie badane, gdyż istnieje wiele nie w pełni zrozumiałych ścieżek patogenetycznych prowadzących do rozwoju choroby. Wciąż pojawiają się też nowe doniesienia pozwalające lepiej zrozumieć sposób powstawania patologicznych zmian wykrywanych u pacjentów z AAV.W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono najbardziej prawdopodobne mechanizmy odpowiadające za powstawanie ANCA, jak również możliwą rolę przeciwciał w patogenezie rozwoju zapalenia naczyń.
Poczucie humoru oraz pozytywna orientacja na siebie i świat w kontekście osobowościowych różnic indywidualnych
Authors: Starkowska Anna , Suchecka Daria , Kotowska Joanna , Mak Monika
Published: March 2018

ABSTRAKTWstęp: W pracy opisano zależności zachodzące pomiędzy względnie stałymi cechami osobowości a stylami poczucia humoru oraz siłą pozytywnej orientacji na siebie i świat. Dobry humor i pozytywne nastawienie uznawane są za czynniki zdrowia, które wspomagają utrzymanie dobrostanu psychofizycznego i pośredniczą w procesie leczenia zarówno zaburzeń psychicznych, jak i chorób fizycznych.Celem pracy było wyodrębnienie dyspozycji osobowościowych, które wiążą się z konstruktywnym humorem i pozytywną orientacją na siebie i świat.Materiały i metody: Badaniem kwestionariuszowym objęto grupę 68 studentów szczecińskich uczelni wyższych (66% kobiet, 34% mężczyzn) w wieku 20–49 lat (M = 24,5; SD = 6,4). Wykorzystano Kwestionariusz Osobowości EPQ-R, Kwestionariusz Stylów Humoru HSQ oraz Skalę Orientacji Pozytywnej.Wyniki: Wykazano korzystne znaczenie ekstrawersji (związanej z humorem ogólnym i agresywnym) oraz obniżonej potrzeby aprobaty społecznej (związanej z humorem afiliacyjnym). Niekorzystne związki zachodziły w odniesieniu do cechy neurotyzmu, co wiązało się z wysokim humorem masochistycznym, niskim humorem w służbie ego oraz niższą orientacją pozytywną, a także cechy psychotyzmu, wzmagającej agresywny styl żartu.Wnioski: Z punktu widzenia pozytywnego nastawienia do siebie i innych korzystny wydaje się profil osobowości otwartej na ludzi i świat zdarzeń zewnętrznych, a przy tym emocjonalnie zrównoważonej, z przewagą uczuć pozytywnych i o łagodnym usposobieniu.
Effect of Low Salinity Waterflooding on Sweep Efficiency in Multilayered Clay-Rich Sandstone Reservoirs
Authors: Abdelmoneim S. S. , Nasr-El-Din H. A.
Published: March 2018

Over the past two decades, low salinity waterflooding has emerged as a successful tertiary recovery method. Several mechanisms have been suggested to contribute to the effect of the low salinity waterflooding. Fines migration in clay containing sandstones is amongst the main reasons attributed to the success of this technique. The effect resulting from the migration of fines helps homogenize the flow pattern of the waterfront, thus achieving better displacement efficiency. Little or no attention has been given to the effect of water blockage on multilayered reservoirs. The present work aims to study the effect of low salinity waterflooding on multilayered clay-rich sandstone reservoirs.

Parallel coreflood experiments were used to investigate the effect of low salinity waterflooding on multilayered reservoirs. Clay-rich Bandera sandstone cores were used for the experiment. Cores from two different blocks were used to obtain a contrast in the absolute permeability. All cores were saturated with the same high salinity formation water and then displaced with oil to reach initial water saturation. The cores were then aged at the reservoir temperature for 21 days. Three parallel coreflood experiments were used to compare the high salinity waterflooding to the low salinity waterflooding in both secondary and tertiary modes. Core effluent and CT scan were used to evaluate the recovery from all experiments.

The high salinity waterflooding shows heterogeneous water invasion, and more oil was recovered from the higher permeability core. Alternatively, the low salinity waterflooding in secondary mode showed a more homogeneous recovery regime, as the water blockage kept the waterfront advancement even between cores. Finally, the application of low salinity waterflooding in tertiary mode slightly improved the recovery from both cores equally.

This work is the first to emphasize the benefits of low salinity waterflooding in multilayered clay-rich sandstones. The conclusions from this work suggest a diversion effect to occur allowing for higher displacement efficiencies in multilayered clay-rich reservoirs.
Performance of Air- Vs. CO2 - Water Injection in a Tight, Light Oil Reservoir: A Laboratory Study
Authors: O'Brien W. J. , Moore R. G. , Mehta S. A. , Ursenbach M. G. , Kuhlman M. I.
Published: March 2018

This paper outlines the results of a comparative study of air- and immiscible CO2 - Water injection based Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) processes for a 30+ °API tight, light oil reservoir. This was accomplished by embedding multiple low- permeability core plugs in crushed reservoir core material to create a composite core that was contained in a 1.84 m long core holder. The objectives of this unscaled experimental work were: 1) to understand the suitability of each EOR process for a low permeability reservoir, 2) to define process parameters prior to a potential field pilot, and 3) to understand the relative merits of each EOR process to mobilize light oil from a tight matrix to a fracture network.

A detailed experimental investigation was conducted at realistic reservoir conditions to evaluate the feasibility of an air injection-based EOR process. The air injection results were compared with those from an immiscible CO2-Water injection EOR experiment using the same experimental setup and reservoir conditions. Both the air- and CO2 - Water coreflood tests were performed at 10.3 MPa (1500 psig) and 99 °C in a 100 mm diameter, 1.84 m long composite core-holder using 38 mm diameter reservoir core plugs (that represented the matrix) and mounted within the crushed reservoir core material (that represented the fracture); inert helium gas was used to pressure up the core-holder to reservoir pressure. Permeability of the core plugs was from 0.3 to 3 millidarcies, while the permeability of the crushed core material was 1 to 3 Darcies.

Air injection was performed as a standard combustion tube test with injection of 2.3 pore volumes (PV) of air to burn 71% of the packed core length (including helium, a total of 4.3 PV of gas injected). The CO2-Water coreflood was performed with the injection of 2.86 PV of CO2 followed by an extended soak period, then a second injection of an additional 2.86 PV of CO2, followed by the injection of 2.6 PV of water.

The pre- and post-test core plug measurements of oil saturation show that the air injection process removed significantly larger quantities of hydrocarbons than the immiscible CO2-Water injection process. Relative to the initial conditions of the core plugs for the Air-Injection experiment, 95+ percent of the hydrocarbons were removed; noting that some fraction of original oil was consumed as fuel. In the post-test CO2-Water injection core plugs, oil recovery was in the range of 30 to 55 percent of OOIP. These findings suggest, under an appropriate field design, that both processes have the potential to recover incremental oil from tight reservoirs. However, the air-injection may be better suited to mobilize oil, due to thermal expansion, rather than the CO2 - Waterflood process.
Isotopic (δ18O and δ2H) Integrity of Water Samples Collected and Stored by Automatic Samplers
Authors: Williams Mark R. , Lartey Jessica L. , Sanders Laura L.
Published: March 2018

Core Ideas

Isotopic integrity (δ18O/δ2H) of water samples stored in autosamplers was assessed.

Uncertainty in isotope values increased with increasing storage time and temperature.

Addition of mineral oil to samples decreased evaporation and isotope fractionation.

Stable water isotopes are increasingly becoming part of routine monitoring programs that use automatic samplers. The objectives of this study were to quantify the uncertainty in isotope signatures due to the length of sample storage (1–24 d) inside autosamplers over a range of air temperatures (5–35°C) and to evaluate the effectiveness of two evaporation reduction measures (mineral oil and high density polyethylene balls). Results of the laboratory study showed that up to 11.8% of the sample volume evaporated when samples were stored in an autosampler at 35°C for 24 d. To prevent significant water isotope fractionation, samples should be retrieved from autosamplers <7 d following sample collection when air temperatures are <22°C and <3 d following sample collection when the air temperature is 35°C. If samples need to be stored in an autosampler for longer periods of time, we found that mineral oil added to sample bottles effectively decreases evaporation and the potential for isotope fractionation.
Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci for Goss's Wilt of Maize
Authors: Cooper Julian S. , Balint‐Kurti Peter J. , Jamann Tiffany M.
Published: March 2018

Since its discovery in 1969, Goss's wilt, a foliar blight and vascular wilt disease caused by the Gram‐positive bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis (Smith) Davis et al. subsp. nebraskensis (Vidaver & Mandel) Davis et al. (Cmn), has emerged as one of the top four diseases of maize (Zea mays L.) in the United States and Ontario, Canada. No source of complete resistance has been described for Goss's wilt, and little is known about the genetic and mechanistic basis of host resistance to Cmn. Our objective was to perform linkage mapping on three populations to uncover the genomic regions associated with Goss's wilt resistance. We evaluated the intermated B73 × Mo17 population and two corresponding disease‐resistant introgression line populations: B73(4) × Mo17 and Mo17(4) × B73. We identified putative quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in bins 1.05 to 1.06, 2.06, 7.01 to 7.02, 8.05, and 10.04, both confirming previous findings and identifying novel resistance QTLs. The QTL on chromosome 1, designated qGW1.06, was identified in multiple environments and overlaps with a known multiple disease resistance locus. The QTL in bin 8.05 represents a novel region associated with Goss's wilt. Using the data from this study and previous studies, we found that Goss's wilt resistance was correlated with northern leaf blight [Setosphaeria turcica (Luttr.) K.J. Leonard & Suggs], but not gray leaf spot (Cercospora spp.) or southern leaf blight [Cochliobolus heterostrophus (Drechsler) Drechsler]. These results offer a deeper understanding of the genetic basis of resistance to Goss's wilt in maize that may facilitate breeding for resistance, and qGW1.06 is a strong candidate for further characterization and use.
Successful use of transnasal humidified rapid‐insufflation ventilatory exchange during rigid bronchoscopy in a nonagenarian
Authors: Muldoon Sarah , Onwochei Desire , Bille Andrea , Ahmad Imran
Published: March 2018

A 98‐year‐old female was referred to our institution for thoracic intervention following the inadvertent aspiration of a button battery. She underwent rigid bronchoscopy using Transnasal Humidified Rapid‐Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) for oxygenation, rather than traditional techniques, such as jet ventilation or oxygen insufflation via the bronchoscope. We believe this is one of the first published case reports of the use of THRIVE for rigid bronchoscopy in a nonagenerian and outline our experience using THRIVE and the evidence behind the technique.
Modelling the effects of meteorological parameters on water temperature using artificial neural networks
Authors: Temizyurek Merve , Dadaser-Celik Filiz
Published: March 2018

Water temperature affects all biological and chemical processes in water; therefore, it is an extremely important water quality parameter. Meteorological factors are among the most important factors that affect water temperatures. The aim of this study is to develop an artificial neural network (ANN) model to investigate the effects of meteorological parameters on water temperatures at Kızılırmak River in Turkey. Water temperature data were collected from gauging stations on Kızılırmak River, and meteorological data were acquired from the nearest meteorological stations. Air temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, and previous water temperatures were formed the input parameters. The model output included water temperatures. All data were available for the 1995–2007 period, with occasional missing records. The activation functions of the ANN model and the number of neurons in the hidden layer were selected by trial-and-error method to find the best results. The root mean square error and the correlation coefficient between observed and simulated water temperatures were used to assess the model success. The best results were obtained by using sigmoid activation function and scaled conjugate gradient algorithm. This study showed that meteorological data can be used to simulate water temperature with ANN model for Kızılırmak River.
Discovering Synergistic Drug Combination from a Computational Perspective
Authors: Ding Pingjian , Luo Jiawei , Liang Cheng , Xiao Qiu , Cao Buwen , Li Guanghui
Published: March 2018

Synergistic drug combinations play an important role in the treatment of complex diseases.
The identification of effective drug combination is vital to further reduce the side effects and improve
therapeutic efficiency. In previous years, in vitro method has been the main route to discover synergistic
drug combinations. However, many limitations of time and resource consumption lie within the in
vitro method. Therefore, with the rapid development of computational models and the explosive growth
of large and phenotypic data, computational methods for discovering synergistic drug combinations are
an efficient and promising tool and contribute to precision medicine. It is the key of computational
methods how to construct the computational model. Different computational strategies generate different
performance. In this review, the recent advancements in computational methods for predicting effective
drug combination are concluded from multiple aspects. First, various datasets utilized to discover
synergistic drug combinations are summarized. Second, we discussed feature-based approaches and
partitioned these methods into two classes including feature-based methods in terms of similarity measure,
and feature-based methods in terms of machine learning. Third, we discussed network-based approaches
for uncovering synergistic drug combinations. Finally, we analyzed and prospected computational
methods for predicting effective drug combinations.
Identification and Characterization of Positively Selected Mutations in Nef of Four HIV-1 Major Subtypes from Los Alamos National Laboratory
Authors: Shadabi Elnaz , Liang Binhua , Plummer Frank , Luo Ma
Published: March 2018

Background:

Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) mutates rapidly to escape host immune pressure. This results in the generation of positively selected mutations (PSM) throughout the viral genome. Escape mutations in Nef, one of the accessory proteins of HIV-1, which plays an important role in viral pathogenicity have previously been identified in several large cohort studies, but the evolution of PSMs overtime in various HIV-1 subtypes remains unknown.

Methods:

161 clade A1, 3093 clade B, 647 clade C and 115 clade D HIV-1 nef sequences were obtained from the HIV Database of Los Alamos National Laboratory and aligned using MEGA 6.0. The sequences from each clade were grouped based on the year of collection. Quasi analysis was used to identify PSMs and the number and locations of PSMs were compared among different subtypes.

Results:

PSMs for all four subtypes were distributed across the sequence of Nef, and conserved residues F90, W113, PxxPxR (a.a 72-77) remain unaltered overtime. The frequency of PSMs was stable among subtype B sequences but increased overtime for other subtypes. Phylogenetic analysis shows that sequences containing PSMs tend to cluster together at both inter and intra- subtype levels.

Conclusion:

Identification of PSMs and their changes overtime within various subtypes of HIV-1 is important in defining global viral evolutionary patterns that can provide insights for designing therapeutic strategies.
Study of Optimized Window Aggregate Function for Big Data Analytics
Authors: Kumar Shailender , Kumar Preetam , Mittal Aman
Published: March 2018

Background:

A Window Aggregate function belongs to a class of functions, which have
emerged as a very important tool for Big Data Analytics. They lend support in analysis and decisionmaking
applications. A window aggregate function aggregates and returns the result by applying the
function over a limited number of tuples corresponding to current tuple and hence lending support for
big data analytics. We have gone through different patents related to window aggregate functions and its
optimization. The cost associated with Big data analytics, especially the processing of window functions
is one of the major limiting factors. However, now a number of optimizing techniques have evolved for
both single as well as multiple window aggregate functions.

Methods:

In this paper, the authors have discussed various optimization techniques and summarized the
latest techniques that have been developed over a period through intensive research in this area. The paper
tried to compare various techniques based on certain parameters like the degree of parallelism, multiple
window function support, execution time etc.

Results:

After analyzing all these techniques, segment tree data structure seems better technique as it
outperforms other techniques on different grounds like efficiency, memory overhead, execution speed
and degree of parallelism.

Conclusion:

In order to optimize the window aggregate function, segment tree data structure technique
is a better technique, which can certainly improve the processing of window aggregate function specifically
in big data analytics.
High Secretion of Interleukin-6 and Increased MINCLE Receptor Expression Upon Exposure to Mycobacterial Cord Factor Analog Trehalose-6, 6-Dibehenate (TDB) in Patients with Takayasu Arteritis
Authors: Gupta Nikhil , Kabeerdoss Jayakanthan , Mohan Hindhumathi , Goel Ruchika , Danda Debashish
Published: March 2018

Introduction:

Suspicion on the association between Takayasu Arteritis (TA) and Tubcerculosis (TB) has been in vogue for years. Prevalence of TB in TA is reported to be higher. We aimed to study innate immune responses in patients with TA on exposure to Trehalose-6,6-dibehenate (TDB), a synthetic analogue of Trehalose-6,6-Dimycolate (TDM, also known as mycobacterial cord factor) in comparison with healthy controls.

Materials and Methods:

Patients with type V TA, satisfying 1990 ACR criteria, and age and sex matched healthy controls were recruited. PBMCs were cultured with 5µg/ml, 50µg/ml or without any TDB for 48 hours in RPMI medium inside a 5% Co2 incubator. IL-6, TNF-α and IL-17 were measured in cell culture supernatant, which was separated from the cells at the end of the incubation period. Gene expressions of IL-6, IL-8, TNFα, IFN-γ, MINCLE and BCL-10 were quantified in real time PCR using specific primers and SYBR green chemistry.

Results:

Twenty two TA patients and 21 healthy controls were recruited. Both patients and controls showed response by secreting IL-6 and TNF-α upon stimulation by TDB. Relative induction (TDB stimulated TA sample / unstimulated control) of IL-6 was significantly higher in TA [31.88(0.74-168)] patients as compared to healthy controls [1.931(0.644-8.21); p<0.002], when co-cultured with 50µg/ml TDB. The expression of MINCLE, the TDB receptor was higher in TA samples than healthy controls upon TDB stimulation.

Conclusion:

Stimulation with mycobacterial synthetic analogue led to higher secretion of IL-6 and higher expression of MINCLE in PBMCs of patients with TA as compared to healthy controls.
Developing of MITRA learning model of problem solving-based to solve mathematical problems in elementary school
Authors: Damayanti Rika , Mawardi Mawardi
Published: March 2018

The research aimed to develop the steps of MITRA learning model of problem solving-based to solve mathematical problems in elementary school, to know the product’s validity level of MITRA learning model of problem solving-based according to expert’s validation, and to assure the effective level of MITRA learning model of problem solving-based. The research type was Research and Development (R&D), which is a procedure to develop a new product or improve the existed product. The research procedure was divided into three stages, they are: preliminary study, developing model stage, and testing product. The research results found: (1) the steps of MITRA learning model of problem solving-based are: problems identification, implementation of MITRA, and evaluation of MITRA; (2) product’s validity level of MITRA learning model of problem solving-based according to expert’s validation was 3,75 (75%) on high category, and the media expert was 214 (76,5%) on high category; and (3) product’s effectiveness was on very effective category for students of grade 4 elementary school reaching 97%, and the result was significantly higher than pretest (60%).