bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Von Menschen und Sechsbeinern.
Authors: Mehring Marion , Ditscher Pia , Stein Melina
Published: October 2024

Wie sich unser Alltag auf die Insektenvielfalt auswirkt - und was wir zum Schutz der Insekten tun können.
Leckerbissen für Raupen und Schmetterlinge
Authors: Hillenbrand Justine
Published: October 2024

Über dreitausend Schmetterlinge schlüpfen im Verlauf einer Flatterzeit von Oktober bis April im Blüten- und Schmetterlingshaus. Um den unterschiedlichen Ernährungsvorlieben gerecht zu werden, stellen die Gärtner:innen neben einer Vielzahl an Raupenfutter- und Nektarpflanzen auch das eine oder andere überreife Früchtchen bereit.
Die Natur als Störenfried
Authors: Soltau Ulf
Published: October 2024

Seit mehr als zehn Jahren sucht ein neuer Trend den deutschen Garten heim. Insbesondere den Vorgarten trifft es mancherorts hart - und das im wahrsten Sinne des Wortes. Die Rede ist von Schottergärten.
The Impact of Promoter on Firm Value: Evidence from Emerging Economies
Authors: Aghila Sasidharan  , Rahul Sukumaran  , Sobhith Jose
Published: October 2024

Using panel regression on a sample of 1,532 firms listed on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) of India and 450 firms in the Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) of China, this study examines the impact of promoter ownership on firm value. We find that promoter have positive impact on firm value in China while it is inversely related to India due to the entrenchment effect or opportunistic behaviour of the promoter. We provide evidence that the opportunistic behaviour of the promoter can be reduced only through monitoring by the corporate governance mechanisms such as board of directors. We contribute to the existing literature on corporate governance and corporate finance by examining the link between promoter ownership and firm value. Our results help the regulators and policy makers to formulate a regulation that reduces the opportunistic behaviour of promoters.
Factors Affecting Export Demand for Malaysian Palm-Based Finished Products
Authors: Kalsom Zakaria  , Nur Ain Mohd Hassan  , Abdul Hafizh Mohd Azam  , Kamalrudin Mohamed Salleh  , Nur Nadia Kamil  , Norhidayu Abdullah
Published: October 2024

The encouraging growth in volume and exports of palm-based finished products (PBFP) was directly related to an increase in their demand. It is thus important to investigate the factors influencing such demand. Our study attempts to elucidate this for the Malaysian PBFP in 10 major foreign markets, namely, Turkey, China, Iraq, Iran, Singapore, Romania, Australia, Pakistan, Russia, and Saudi Arabia. This study constitutes a panel data analysis for the 10 countries using data from 2007 to 2021 using the fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) method. Pedroni and Westerlund cointegration test indicates the presence of a long-term relationship between the variables under study. The empirical results show that gross domestic product (GDP) has a long-term positive influence on the demand for PBFP, with every 1% increase in GDP will increase the demand for palm oil by 0.9%. In addition, population size (POP) also shows a positive sign and is statistically significant at the 1% level, indicating that a 1% increase in POP will lead to a 0.3% increase in PBFP demand. Substitute oil price also has a long-run positive influence where for every 1% increase in the price of both commodities will increase the demand for PBFP by 0.1%. Meanwhile the price of PBFP has a long-term positive influence on its demand. Thus, information regarding the factors influencing the demand for PBFP from our findings may help industry player and policymakers in formulating strategies to improve the markets, and academicians may also benefit from sharing the knowledge gained from the study.
The Influence of External Audit Quality on Discretionary Accruals and Real Earnings Management Practices: An Analysis of Malaysian Firms
Authors: Muhammad Shaheer Nuhu  , Zauwiyah Ahmad  , Ying Zhee Lim
Published: October 2024

This paper aims to analyse the mitigating effects of external audit quality (EAQ) factors on earnings management (EM) practices. Data were collected from firms listed on Bursa Malaysia’s main market, covering the years 2011 through 2022. Panel regression was employed to analyse the data. The findings of this study confirmed a significant negative association between audit reputation, audit quality, audit opinions, and EM of listed firms in Malaysia. Audit fees and audit tenure were found to be not significant in relation to EM. The study included five control variables in the analysis, and only economic value added (EVA) was found to be significant. The findings suggest that a number of audit quality factors are indicative of EM among listed firms. The authors extend, as well as contribute to, the growing literature on the EAQ, and therefore, wider corporate governance literature. Thus, it provides originality by presenting empirical evidence and outcomes to fully understand how discretionary accrual and real EM affect EAQ in the Malaysian context. Therefore, stakeholders should place higher concern on the selection of an external auditor, and investors should take into account the external audit factors when making investment decisions. Measuring the effectiveness of EAQ allows decision-makers to evaluate how effective employed governance measures are in improving shareholders’ perceptions of financial information quality and mitigating EM practices.
Peran Orangtua dan Guru dalam Meningkatkan Kemandirian Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Hatami Bayu , Herawati Herawati , Sudarti Sudarti
Published: October 2024

Dalam penelitian ini akan dijelaskan tentang peran orangtua dan guru dalam meningkatkan kemandirian anak usia dini di TK Islam Miftahul Huda yang ditunjukkan dengan beberapa anak ketika mengerjakan tugas di rumah maupun di sekolah selalu tidak mau mengerjakan dan tidak bisa memakai sepatu sendiri. Oleh karena itu kurangnya kemandirian sebagian anak mengakibatkan anak selalu bergantung kepada orang tua dan guru. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui tentang peran orangtua dan guru dalam meningkatkan kemandirian anak usia dini di TK Islam Miftahul Huda. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian yaitu orangtua dan guru di TK Islam Miftahul Huda. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dan teknik pemeriksaan keabsahan data yang digunakan yaitu: member check dan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian di TK Islam Miftahul Huda menyatakan “baik” yang artinya peran orang tua dan guru dalam meningkatkan kemandirian anak sudah berjalan dengan baik, namun ada faktor salah satu orang tua kurang memberikan perhatian terhadap kemandirian anak.
Üniversite Hastanesi Çocuk Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Eritrosit Süspansiyonu Transfüzyonu: Mevcut Yönergelere Ne kadar Uyulmaktadır?
Authors: Yılmaz Resul , Işık Bedir Şeyma
Published: October 2024

Amaçlar. – Kan bileşeni transfüzyonu hastane yatışları sırasında kullanılan yaygın bir prosedürdür; ancak risksiz değildir. Kan ürünlerinin (BP) doğru kullanımının değerlendirilmesi, kullanımlarında ima edilen riskler ve maliyetler göz önünde bulundurulduğunda büyük önem taşır. Başlıca amacımız, üçüncü seviye bir üniversite hastanesinde pediatrik hastalarda eritrosit süspansiyonu (ES) transfüzyonu için uluslararası yönergelere uyumu değerlendirmekti.
Materyal ve yöntemler. – Pediatrik hastalarda (1 aydan 18 yaşına kadar) ES transfüzyonunun yanlış kullanımının sıklığını bildirmek için retrospektif tanımlayıcı analitik bir çalışma yürütüldü. 1 yıllık bir zaman diliminde, 155 tıbbi kayıt analiz edildi ve toplam 53 ES transfüzyonu çalışma örneği olarak seçildi. İncelenen değişkenler hacim, infüzyon süresi ve transfüzyon kriterleriydi. Endikasyonlar, uluslararası yönergelere göre hastanın tıbbi kayıtlarında değerlendirildi.
Sonuçlar. – Analiz edilen transfüzyonların %54'ü, esas olarak transfüzyon kriterlerinin karşılanmaması nedeniyle yanlış olarak sınıflandırıldı. Pediatrik hastalarda ES transfüzyon endikasyonları uluslararası kılavuzlara yeterince uymuyor.
Sonuç. – Mevcut kılavuzlara uyumu artırmak için ES transfüzyonlarının kullanımı hakkında eğitim ve bilgi için etkili programların uygulanması gerekiyor.
Correlation between HbA1c levels and intrastent restenosis incidence in patients with diabetes mellitus after percutaneous coronary intervention at Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital
Authors: Millisani Hayla Iqda , Prasetya Indra , Rohman Mohammad Saifur
Published: October 2024

Correlation between HbA1c levels and intrastent restenosis incidence in patients with diabetes mellitus after percutaneous coronary intervention at Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital Keyword: diabetes mellitus, HbA1c, in-stent restenosis, percutaneous coronary intervention
A case report: successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in unprotected left main and three-vessel coronary artery disease
Authors: Kahadi Cik , Rohman Mohammad Saifur
Published: October 2024

Background: Left Main Coronary Artery (LMCA) Disease is the highest-risk lesion of coronary artery disease and is related to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality compared to other types of obstructive Coronary Arterial Disease (CAD). Previously, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) was the preferred method for revascularization in significant LMCA lesions; however, results from several trials comparing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES) to CABG showed PCI was non-inferior to CABG in highly selected LMCA patients. This report was to describe the contemporary evidence for PCI to CABG in LMCA Disease. Case Presentation: A diabetic and hypertensive 59-year-old man with stable angina pectoris and Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) Score III was referred to Saiful Anwar Hospital for elective PCI consideration. The patient was diagnosed with left main and three-vessel coronary artery disease from CCTA in 2009 and angiography in 2023, then suggested to CABG for revascularization. However, the patient refused CABG surgery and decided to perform PCI with high-risk criteria after an adequate consultation. Considering the high-risk category and reduced ejection fraction, an elective PCI was performed with intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) support. Then it implanted 2 DES at distal-LM until distal-LCx. In the following procedure, the patient also implanted 1 DES at mid-distal RCA and was discharged with significant improvement in his quality of life. Conclusion: In selected left main and three-vessel coronary artery disease, PCI is successfully improves the patient's quality of life. Keyword: complex PCI, left main coronary artery disease, percutaneous coronary intervention, quality of life
Cardiac rehabilitation and prescription exercise training for heart failure’s patients
Authors: Fathurohim Zainal , Tjahjono Cholid Tri
Published: October 2024

Cardiovascular rehabilitation is a multidisciplinary approach that includes exercise instruction, reduction of cardiac risk factors, psychosocial assessment, and result evaluation. Cardiovascular rehabilitation (CR), which includes exercise training, has been shown to significantly improve people with heart failure's quality of life, functional ability, and hospitalizations for heart failure-related conditions. There are so many benefits that are crucial for patients that they must be implemented fully in every health center. The objective for all healthcare practitioners must be to include CR in the regular, normal management of HF patients. Keyword: cardiac rehabilitation, exercise, exercise training, heart failure
Effect of β-1,3-1,6-D-glukan (polysaccharide peptide) from miselia ganoderma lucidum extract as antioxidant and antiinflammation towards left ventricular systolic function in cardiometabolic patients
Authors: Aryanugraha Teguh , Sargowo Djanggan , Rahimah Anna Fuji
Published: October 2024

Background: Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) describes a metabolic condition often associated with cardiovascular disease. It has been revealed that the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide (GLPP) possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant qualities. Objective: This study aimed to find out how GLPP affected oxidative stress, inflammation, and left ventricular function in individuals with cardiometabolic syndrome. Methods: A multicenter double-blinded randomized controlled trial was carried out. Subjects with cardiometabolic syndrome received either GLPP or a placebo for ninety days. Before taking the initial treatment and one day following the last treatment intake, blood samples were taken from every participant. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to evaluate the levels of serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin-6 (IL-6), malondialdehyde (MDA), and high-sensitivity-C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) while the colorimetric test was used to measure the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Global longitudinal strain (GLS) and Left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) were measured by single echocardiographer expert validation. Results: The MDA level was decreased in the GLPP treatment group (mean 56.0 ± 71.4 ng/mL to 27.7 ± 12.0 ng/mL, p= 0.023) compared to the control group (mean 39.3 ± 29.2 ng/mL to 38.3 ± 17.7 ng/mL, p= 0.719). However, the SOD level remained constant in the GLPP treatment (mean 122.2 ± 176.1 U/mL to 93.0 ± 40.9 U/mL, p=0.925) instead of significantly declining in the control group (mean 102.0 ± 67.3 U/mL to 64.0 ± 52.0 U/mL, p=0.016). The marker of TNF-α and hsCRP were significantly decreased in all groups (both p<0.05), but IL-6 was only significantly decreased in the control group (mean 1149.3 ± 581.7 pg/mL to 744.8 ± 336.5 pg/mL, p=0.010). The GLS was significantly decreased in the GLPP treatment group (-16.1 ± 4.1 to -17.5 ± 4.8, p=0.048) but there was no difference in LVEF in both groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Patients with cardiometabolic syndrome may benefit from GLPP treatment for 90 days in terms of reduced inflammation, oxidative stress, and improved systolic left ventricular performance. Keyword: cardiometabolic syndrome, echocardiography, ganoderma lucidum, inflammation, oxidative stress
Parental Information-Use Strategies in a Digital Parenting Environment and Their Associations With Parental Social Support and Self-Efficacy: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Onishi Ryuta
Published: October 2024

Background

In today’s digital society, the acquisition of parenting information through online platforms such as social networking sites (SNSs) has become widespread. Amid the mix of online and offline information sources, there is a need to discover effective information-seeking methods for solving parenting problems.

Objective

This study aimed to identify patterns of information use among parents of young children in the digital age and elucidate the characteristics of these patterns through a comparative analysis of parental social support and self-efficacy.

Methods

An internet-based survey was administered to fathers and mothers of children aged 0-3 years. Convenience sampling, facilitated by an internet-based survey company, was adopted, and data from 227 fathers and 206 mothers were analyzed. The survey included questions on personal characteristics, frequency of use of different sources of parenting information (websites, SNSs, parenting apps, family, friends, and professionals), availability of parental social support, and parental self-efficacy. The Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) clustering algorithm was used to identify patterns in parenting information use.

Results

A total of 4 clusters were identified: multisource gatherers (n=161), offline-centric gatherers (n=105), online-centric gatherers (n=86), and minimal information gatherers (n=68). The availability of parental social support was perceived to be relatively higher among multisource and offline-centric gatherers compared with online-centric and minimal information gatherers. Parental self-efficacy was highest among multisource gatherers, followed by offline-centric and online-centric gatherers, and lowest among minimal information gatherers.

Conclusions

This study contributes to the evidence that online information can effectively complement offline information in addressing parenting challenges, although its ability to fully replace offline sources remains limited. Parenting support professionals are encouraged to understand parents’ current information use strategies and actively foster their social relationships, helping them to adopt more diverse and comprehensive approaches to information use.
Unveiling social media considerations in ADHD treatment: Machine Learning study using X´s posts over 15 years. (Preprint)
Authors: Gomez-Prieto Alba , Mercado-Rodriguez Alejandra , Chart-Pascual Juan Pablo , Fernandez-Lazaro Cesar I , Lara Franciso , Montero Torres Maria , Aymerich Claudia , Quintero Javier , Alvarez-Mon Melchor , Gonzalez-Pinto Ana , Soutullo Cesar A , Alvarez-Mon Miguel Ángel
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

This study investigates social media content related to Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) treatment by analysing public discourse on X (formerly Twitter) over the past 15 years. It differentiates between user types and focuses on medical and non-medical content related to ADHD medications.

OBJECTIVE

The study aims to analyze social media content on X (formerly Twitter) related to ADHD medications from 2006 to 2022, classifying the tweets based on user types and the nature of medical and non-medical discussions. It seeks to provide insights into public perceptions of ADHD medications, particularly stimulant and non-stimulant treatments, and their use, misuse, and side effects. Ultimately, the study aims to help healthcare professionals better understand these online discussions and improve their communication with patients, facilitating more informed treatment decisions.

METHODS

An observational study was conducted analysing 254,952 tweets in Spanish and English about ADHD medications from January 2006 to December 2022. Content analysis combined inductive and deductive approaches to develop a categorisation codebook. BERTWEET and BETO models were used for machine learning classification of English and Spanish tweets, respectively. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed.

RESULTS

Overall, stimulant medications were posted more frequently and received higher engagement than non-stimulant medications. Methylphenidate, dextroamphetamine, and atomoxetine were the most frequently mentioned medications, especially by patients, who emerged as the most active users among the English tweets. Regarding medical content, tweets in English contained more than twice the number of mentions of inappropriate use compared to those in Spanish. There was a high content of online medication requests and offers in both languages.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study underscores the potential of social media, particularly X, in exploring perceptions of ADHD medications. These insights highlight the need for healthcare professionals to stay informed about these conversations on platforms like X. By understanding patient-led discussions, physicians could more effectively address concerns and misconceptions during consultations, leading to better-informed treatment decisions
EMD combined with ensemble of machine learning predictors for foreign exchange rate forecasting
Authors: Anh Duong Tuan , Xuan Tran Van
Published: October 2024

Forecasting foreign exchange rates is a critical financial challenge. In this paper, we build on recent trends and address the limitations of prior research by proposing a novel approach. Our method combines empirical mode decomposition (EMD) with ensemble of machine learning predictors in foreign exchange rate forecasting. To demonstrate that our proposed method (called EMD-ML) is effective, we used the new approach to forecast six foreign exchange rate time series at a specific time. The first experiment was implemented to compare the proposed forecasting model EMD–LSTM, which combines empirical mode decomposition (EMD) with ensemble of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models, and the single LSTM model. The results indicate that the proposed EMD–LSTM model is more effective than the single LSTM. Besides, to aim at comparing deep-learning models against shallow machine learning models in combination with the EMD decomposition, the second experiment compared EMD-LSTM with the approach which combines EMD with an ensemble of k-nearest neighbors’ predictors (called EMD-KNN method) and the results of the second experiment show that EMD-LSTM cannot outperform EMD-KNN in foreign exchange rates forecasting.
Using U-Net models in deep learning for brain tumor detection from MRI scans
Authors: Nguyen Minh Khiem , Tran Phuoc Huy , Phan Tan Tai
Published: October 2024

Tumor diseases in the nervous system are both dangerous and complex. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is crucial for detecting brain disease; however, identifying the presence of tumors from these is time-consuming and requires a professional doctor. Utilizing deep learning for tumor detection in MRI images can reduce waiting times and enhance detection accuracy. We propose a method employing two U-Net models: ResNeXt-50 and EfficientNet architectures, integrated with a Feature Pyramid Network (FPN) for segmenting brain tumor. The models were trained on the BraTS 2021 dataset, consisting of 3,929 MRI scan images with 3,929 corresponding masks, divided into training, testing, and evaluation sets in a 70:15:15 ratio. The results indicate that the hybrid model, which combines EfficientNet and FPN, delivers superior performance, with an average Intersection over Union (IoU) accuracy of 0.90 on the test set compared to 0.50 for ResNeXt-50, and Dice accuracy of 0.92 compared to 0.66 for ResNeXt-50. Furthermore, we developed a web application that implements the EfficientNet with FPN model, facilitating convenient tumor detection from uploaded MRI images for doctors.
A multivariate analysis of the early dropout using classical machine learning and local interpretable model-agnostic explanations
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Hai , Le Phuong , Nguyen Tuyen Thanh Thi , Su Anh Kim
Published: October 2024

Student dropout rates can have a significant negative impact on both the development of educational institutions and the personal growth of students. Consequently, many institutions are focused on identifying key factors that contribute to dropout and implementing strategies to mitigate them. This study aims to predict student dropout rates using classical machine learning algorithms while analyzing the key factors influencing these outcomes in higher education. The dataset includes demographic, socioeconomic, and academic information from various sources. Additionally, the study leverages the Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME) model to provide insights into the predictions, offering a clearer understanding of the factors driving dropout decisions. This knowledge is crucial for identifying influential factors and, more importantly, enhancing early intervention strategies and policies in educational settings, ultimately reducing dropout rates.
How Does Politics Affect Quality of Public Transport Infrastructure?
Authors: Katunze Miriam , Voon Jan P.
Published: October 2024

While prior studies have investigated the impacts of political factors such as the ideological stance on quality of public infrastructure, there is a paucity of research on the political effects of re-election success, party fragmentation (political power), and the formation of new electoral consistency on quality of public transport infrastructure, which is represented in this paper by road maintenance efficiency. We employ an instrumental variable approach to mitigate a potential reverse causality bias inherent in literature. Our empirical results show that local governments whose political representatives were re-elected give rise to lower road maintenance efficiency. Local governments with new electoral constituencies report a higher road maintenance efficiency.
The impact of artificial intelligence and machine learning on financial reporting and auditing practices
Authors: Khorsheed Hariwan Subhi , Ismael Nechirwan Burhan , Mahmod Shamal Hasan Obaid
Published: October 2024

This study examines the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) on professional roles within the context of financial reporting and auditing practices. Utilizing a quantitative approach, data were collected from 142 accountants in private businesses in Erbil through a structured questionnaire assessing perceptions on efficiency, accuracy, fraud detection, compliance, and professional impact. Statistical analyses, including multiple regression and correlation, were employed to determine the relationships between AI and ML integration and various professional outcomes. Contrary to expectations, the results revealed no significant impact of AI and ML on the perceived efficiency, accuracy, fraud detection capabilities, or compliance within the professional roles of accountants. These findings suggest a disconnect between the theoretical benefits of AI and ML technologies and their practical perceptions among professionals in the field. Recommendations include the need for enhanced training, incremental technology implementation, and improved governance structures to foster effective integration and utilization of AI and ML in financial practices. The study's implications are significant for organizations considering or currently implementing AI and ML technologies, highlighting the importance of addressing both technological and human factors to maximize the potential benefits of these innovations. Future research is encouraged to explore qualitative aspects of technology adoption and to conduct longitudinal studies to assess changes over time as professionals adapt to AI and ML tools. The limitations of the study, such as its geographical focus and cross-sectional design, suggest caution in generalizing the findings and point towards the need for broader, more diverse investigations. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on the practical challenges of integrating advanced technologies in specialized professional domains, underscoring the need for a balanced approach that
Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation for Farmer Decision Making
Authors: Nurlina Nila , Utomo Dhanan S , Setiyawati Tri Retno , Muqorobin Masculine Muhammad
Published: October 2024

Shallots are a highly demanded, perishable commodity whose fluctuating prices pose significant risks to farmers, affecting their income stability. This research aims to model and simulate the selling decisions of shallot farmers using Agent-Based Modeling (ABM). The model represents the individual behaviors of farmers and buyers, focusing on decisions to either delay or immediately sell harvested shallots. Key variables such as market prices, inventory levels, and profit expectations were incorporated into the model. Primary data were collected from observations of shallot farmers in Nganjuk, East Java. In contrast, secondary data were sourced from the Indonesian Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The simulation results indicate farmers maximize their profits by selling shallots when the minimum sales profit margin reaches 20%. Farmers tend to postpone sales when market prices fall by drying the shallots, reducing market supply, and elevating prices. The study concludes that delaying sales can be an effective strategy to stabilize prices and enhance profitability, particularly when dried shallots command higher prices than fresh ones. These findings offer valuable insights for developing agricultural policies to optimize farmers' income while mitigating price volatility risks.
Pengaruh Tegangan Listrik dan Arus Listrik terhadap Kinerja Termoelektrik Sebagai Pendingin Termoelektrik
Authors: Oktabiansyah Tobi , Rifky
Published: October 2024

Thermoelectric material is a material that has thermal and electrical properties. The thermoelectric module can function as an electric generator, heat pump and cooler. The thermoelectric modules used in this study are the TEC 1-12706 type and the TEG SP 1848 type. This study uses both of these modules with each module using four thermoelectrics to be used as a cooling system. The purpose of the research is to obtain the lowest temperature on the cold side and the highest CoP thermoelectric performance coefficient on the two different modules with variations in the size of the electric voltage and electric current that have been determined, then to get a thermoelectric module that has a higher performance coefficient of the two types of thermoelectric modules used. used. The research method used is experimental. The two modules are separately supplied with DC electrical energy so that heat is absorbed on the cold side and heat is released on the hot side so that a temperature difference occurs, and an aluminum heatsink is attached to the cold side and the hot side. The data obtained from the input data are ambient temperature, electric voltage, and electric current. Then what is obtained from the output data is the temperature of the hot side, the temperature of the cold side, and the temperature of the cold room. The results of the study on the TEC 1-12706 module with variations in electric voltage produce a minimum cold side temperature of 5.9°C with the highest CoP value of the cooling system of 0.1821, while variations in electric current produce a minimum cold side temperature of 8.0°C with the highest CoP value of the cooling system of 0.3247. For the TEG SP 1848 module, variations in electric voltage produce a minimum cold side temperature of 8.3°C with the highest CoP value of the cooling system of 0.2371, while variations in electric current produce a minimum cold side temperature of 11.1°C with a CoP value the highest cooling system is 0.2158. Thus this study achieved the result that the use of the TEC 1-12706 module with variations in electric voltage produced the lowest temperature of 5.9 oC. While the use of TEC 1-12706 with variations in electric current produces the highest CoP value of 0.3247. There for the TEC 1-12706 module has a higher performance than the TEG SP 1848 module in terms of the lowest temperature achievement and the highest CoP value.
Comment on "Multivariable quantum signal processing (M-QSP): prophecies of the two-headed oracle"
Authors: Mori Hitomi , Mizuta Kaoru , Fujii Keisuke
Published: October 2024

Multivariable Quantum Signal Processing (M-QSP) \cite{Rossi2022multivariable} is expected to provide an efficient means to handle polynomial transformations of multiple variables simultaneously. However, we identified several inconsistencies in the main theorem, where necessary and sufficient conditions for achievable polynomials are provided, and its proof in Ref. \cite{Rossi2022multivariable}. Moreover, a counterexample to the conjecture in Ref. \cite{Rossi2022multivariable}, based on which the main theorem is constructed, is presented in Ref. \cite{n^^c3^^a9meth2023variants}, meaning the requirement of the conjecture should be included as a condition in the theorem. Here we note our observations and propose the revised necessary conditions for M-QSP. We also show that these necessary conditions cannot be sufficient conditions, and thus some additional condition on top of these revisions is essentially required for the complete M-QSP theorem.
The effect of ultrasonic treatment of a cured monolayer formed by three-dimensional printing from a prepreg reinforced with continuous carbon fiber on the resistance to the flow of solid particles
Authors: Zlobina I. V. , Bekrenev N. V. , Egorov A. S. , Anisimov A. V.
Published: October 2024

—The effect of ultrasonic processing at resonant frequencies of 22 and 44 kHz of a monolayer formed by three-dimensional printing from prepregs reinforced with continuous carbon fiber on the resistance to the flow of solid particles by imitating it by jet-abrasive treatment is investigated. The increment of the weight of both control and experimental samples in comparison with the initial state was established. It is shown that the force effect of ultrasound in rational modes contributes to a decrease in weight gain by 31.4% when processed at a frequency of 22 kHz and by 9% when processed at a frequency of 44 kHz. The decrease in weight increment is determined by an increase in the density of the monolayer structure after ultrasonic exposure, which leads to an increase in surface hardness in units of Schor-D by 13.5% at a frequency of 22 kHz and by 10% at a frequency of 44 kHz.
Radiation and thermal embrittlement of RPV steels: the links of embrittlement mechanisms, fracture modes and microcrack nucleation and propagation properties. Part 1. Strategy, program and methods of experimental and numerical studies
Authors: Margolin B. Z. , Fomenko V. N. , Shvetsova V. A. , Yurchenko E. V.
Published: October 2024

Further development of local approach models is considered from viewpoint of links of local brittle fracture properties with embrittlement mechanisms and fracture modes for RPV steels. Strategy and program of experimental and numerical investigations have been developed that allows one to find how various embrittlement mechanisms and fracture modes are connected with the conditions of nucleation and propagation of microcracks resulting in brittle fracture of RPV steels. The experimental and numerical investigations are performed for 2Cr-Ni-Mo-V steel and A533 steel used for RPVs of WWER and PWR types. RPV steels are studied in the following states: (1) initial (as-produced); (2) thermally embrittled by a hardening mechanism; (3) thermally embrittled by a non-hardening mechanism; 4) irradiated. Experimental studies include testing specimens of different geometry (smooth and notched round bars, and cracked compact tension specimens), which allows us to obtain characteristics of brittle fracture under various stress triaxialities. Numerical studies performed with the probabilistic brittle fracture model Prometey aim to obtain the brittle fracture properties on micro- and macroscales for all the investigated states of the materials.Part 1 of the paper presents information concerning the investigated materials, the used procedures and methods. Part 2 gives the test results of smooth round bars of the investigated materials in various states and the stress-strain curves determined over wide temperature range. The experimental results for various specimens from the investigated steels in various states are represented and compared with the results predicted with the Prometey model in Part 3.
Mechanisms of hardening of heavy-loaded rails made of hypereutectoid steel during long-term operation
Authors: Popova N. A. , Gromov V. E. , Porfiriev M. A. , Ivanov Yu. F. , Nikonenko E. L. , Nevsky S. A.
Published: October 2024

Using transmission electron microscopy methods, the structural-phase states and defective substructure were studied at distances of 0; 2 and 10 mm from the surface along the central axis and rounding radius of rails head fillet. Differentially hardened long rails of the DT400IK category made of hypereutectoid steel have been studied after operation on the Trans-Baikal Railway (passed tonnage equal to 234.7 million tons gross). It has been established that steel strength characteristics are determined by certain physical mechanisms. A qualitative assessment of the contributions from crystal lattice friction, solidsolution strengthening, strengthening of the pearlite component, incoherent cementite particles, grain boundaries and subboundaries, dislocation substructure and internal stress fields was carried out, and their hierarchy was established. A quantitative assessment of the additive yield strength of steel in different directions was carried out depending on the distance from the rolling surface. It is shown that the main mechanisms of strengthening are strengthening by incoherent particles, long-range stress fields and substructural strengthening. The additive yield strength on the fillet surface is significantly greater than on the rolling surface of the head along the central axis.
Correlation dependences between hardening in terms of yield strength and microhardness for austenitic and ferritic-martensitic steels
Authors: Margolin B. Z. , Belyaeva L. A. , Sorokin A. A. , Yurchenko E. V. , Grigoriev M. N.
Published: October 2024

Instrumental measurements of microhardness were carried out using a Vickers indenter at a constant strain rate. The yield strength values were determined for austenitic chromium-nickel steels 08Kh18N10Т, 10Kh18N9 and 08Kh16N20M2Т in the initial (non-irradiated) state, after neutron irradiation at various regimes, as well as after plastic prestrain. Similar measurements were carried out for chromium stainless steels of the ferritic-martensitic class 07Kh12NMFB and 16Kh12MVSFBR (EP-823) in the initial (non-irradiated) state and after heat treatment, leading to hardening of the material and also after neutron irradiation. The relationships between microhardness and yield strength were determined for all studied states of all steels studied. A unified correlation has been established between hardening in terms of the yield strength and hardening in terms of Vickers micro-hardness, independently of the nature of the strengthening factor and the class of steel.
Influence of hot pressing temperature of composite copper-titanium billets on the formation of intermetallide layer at the material interface
Authors: Gangalo A. N. , Burkhovetsky V. V.
Published: October 2024

Billets for drawing of microwires based on Grade 4 titanium and protective sheath of M1 copper have been obtained at different temperatures by hot pressing method with drawing coefficient µ = 16. The influence of the billet heating temperature on the pressing pressure, configuration of the interface of bimetal materials and thickness of the intermetallide layer is shown. The influence of elastic compression pressure of composite copper-titanium billets in the range of 350–1400 MPa on the formation of intermetallide at the interface of materials at 850°C has been analyzed.
Effect of bismuth additives on the thermophysical properties and thermodynamic functions of aluminum alloy AlFe5Si10
Authors: Ganiev I. N. , Kholmurodov F. , Safarov A. G. , Nurov N. R. , Yakubov U. Sh.
Published: October 2024

The temperature dependence of the heat capacity of the aluminum alloy AlFe5Si10 with bismuth was studied in the “cooling” mode. It is shown that with increasing temperature, the heat capacity, enthalpy and entropy of alloys increase, and the value of the Gibbs energy decreases. As the amount of bismuth in the initial alloy increases, the heat capacity, enthalpy and entropy of the AlFe5Si10 alloy decrease, while the value of the Gibbs energy increases.
Research of the melting zone of the relit – cupronicel composite alloy when surfacing metallurgical equipment parts using the furnace method
Authors: Zarechensky D. A. , Vorobyov V. V. , Shevchenko V. A.
Published: October 2024

With the furnace surfacing method, a composite alloy is obtained, consisting of reinforcing particles of tungsten and cupronickel carbides, which, after exposure to the melting temperature of the binder alloy, form a wear-resistant layer on the surface being hardened. It has been established that in the zone of connection of the composite alloy relit – cupronickel with the steel surface of the part, in the absence of conditions that guarantee auto-vacuum cleaning of the surface from oxides, an interlayer with an imperfect crystal structure is formed, which leads to delamination of the deposited alloy. It has been experimentally shown that the use of additional control for the gas tightness of the surfacing space makes it possible to improve the quality of the deposited surface when furnace hardening of metallurgical equipment parts with the composite alloy relit – cupronickel.
“Skeleton”, diamond-silicon carbide composite material
Authors: Gordeev S. K.
Published: October 2024

The paper presents a review of exploratory and applied research carried out in Russia since the 1990s in the field of diamond-silicon carbide composite materials. A new class of isotropic ceramic materials has been created—diamond-silicon carbide composites, which have received the name Skeleton. The physical, mechanical, thermophysical and functional properties of materials depending on their composition are discussed. It is shown that the studied materials simultaneously combine mechanical, thermophysical and functional properties at a level not achieved in other materials, which allows the use of the Skeleton material in various fields of engineering.
Frontotemporaalsagara degeneratsioonid
Authors:   Tallinn Tervisetehnoloogiate instituut, Gross-Paju Katrin
Published: October 2024

Frontotemporaalsagara degeneratsioon (frontotemporal degeneration – FTD) on kliiniliselt, geneetiliselt ja neuropatoloogiliselt heterogeenne sündroom. FTD kliinilised sündroomid on progresseeruv afaasia, eeskätt täidesaatvate funktsioonide progresseeruv kahjustus ning käitumismuutused. Viimasel ajal on kirjeldatud ka uusi fenotüüpe, nagu progresseeruv supranukleaarne halvatus (progressive supranuclear palsy – PSP) ja kortikobasaalne sündroom (corticobasal syndrome – CBS), sageli erinevates kombinatsioonides. Inklusioonkehakeste müopaatia võib samuti harva olla osa FTD fenotüübist. FTD on kõige tavalisem noore ea algusega (< 65 aasta) dementsus, mis moodustab 3–26% kõikidest dementsustest erinevate teadusuuringute andmete. Oluline on teada, et ehkki FTD-d peetakse noore ea algusega dementsuseks, siis kõige sagedamini diagnoositakse FTD-d 70 ja 84 eluaasta vahel, kõrgeim haigestumus on 71-aastastel, mis viitab vajadusele mõelda FTD ka teistes vanusegruppides kui kliiniline pilt viitav FTD-le. Perekonna anamnees on kirjeldatud 25–50% FTD patsientidest. Reeglina esineb autosoom-dominantne pärilikkuse tüüp. Seega FTD kahtluse korral on näidustatud geneetilised uuringud.
Valodniecība un medicīna: lingvistiskās un starpdisciplinārās pētniecības atziņas un potenciāls
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Lele-Rozentāle Dzintra
Published: October 2024

Saistībā ar Alcheimera demences skarto cilvēku skaita nepārtrauktu pieaugumu daudzās valstīs norisinās intensīva pētniecība ar mērķi pēc iespējas agrāk un precīzāk noteikt dia­gnozi, lai tālāk pozitīvi ietekmētu vai vismaz palēninātu slimības attīstības gaitu. Lingvistiskais skatpunkts šīs jomas izpētē līdz šim Latvijas valodniecībā nav novērtēts, kaut gan slimības izpausmes skar visus valodas līmeņus un tās saistāmas ar dažādiem lingvistiskajiem virzieniem. Šā raksta mērķis ir sniegt ieskatu Alcheimera demences izpausmju lingvistiskajā raksturojumā, kas gūts uz dažādu valodu bāzes, un tādējādi arī latviešu valodniecībā rosināt pievēršanos lingvistikas un medicīnas nozares tuvinājumam pētniecībā. Balstoties uz starptautisko lingvistisko pieredzi, tiek aktualizēts jautājums par valodspecifisko un valodas situācijā balstīto faktoru lomu un valodas mutvārdu un rakstveida korpusos balstītu starpdisciplināro pētījumu nepieciešamību.
OPTIMIZATION OF ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS CONDITIONS FOR ANTIBACTERIAL PEPTIDES PRODUCTION AGAINST PANTOEA SPP. CAUSING RICE LEAF BLIGHT
Authors: Jamal Siti Norazura , Lamasudin Dr. Dhilia Udie , Muhialdin Dr. Belal J. , Baity Saidi Assoc. Prof. Dr. Noor , Song Dr. Lai Kok , Yusof Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mohd Termizi
Published: October 2024

The Central Composite Design (CCD) within the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the enzymatic hydrolysis process. This process used Alcalase® to hydrolyze Bactronophorus thoracites protein with the goal of maximizing its antimicrobial effects. Four distinct parameters were identified as independent variables: pH (A: 8.5–10.5), temperature (B: 45–65 °C), hydrolysis time (C: 120–360 min), and enzyme-to-substrate ratio (D: 1.45%–2.65% w/v). Meanwhile, the antimicrobial activity was chosen as the response variable, specifically against Pantoea ananatis (Y1) and Pantoea stewartii (Y2). According to the findings, the constructed quadratic polynomial model showed a significant correlation with the experimental data, as evidenced by the coefficient of determination (R2) values for antimicrobial activity: Y1 being 0.9893 (p < 0.0001) and Y2 at 0.9848 (p < 0.0001). Optimal antimicrobial activity for Bactronophorus thoracites protein hydrolysates (BTPH) was recorded at 46.748% against P. ananatis and 40.768% against P. stewartii. This result was observed under the optimal conditions of pH 9.5, temperature 55ºC, hydrolysis duration of 240 minutes, and 2.05% w/v enzyme-to-substrate ratio. There was a notable alignment between the actual and predicted values from our models, with the Residual Standard Error (RSE) values falling under 5%. Furthermore, the established Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was 250µg/mL, and the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was 500µg/mL for both P. ananatis and P. stewartii. In conclusion, the findings suggest that the refined BTPH has great promise as an effective bioactive component for agricultural use.
GREEN ROUTE SYNTHESIS OF COPPER OXIDE (CuO) NANOPARTICLES FOR THE DEGRADATION OF COMMERCIAL DYES USING VICIA FABA LEAF EXTRACT
Authors: Rastogi P. , Negi Poonam , Rawat B.S , Joshi Naveen Chandra
Published: October 2024

The release of toxic dyes into water effluents by various industries has become a global concern. Therefore, developing novel, straightforward, and economically viable methods or materials for purifying these hazardous pigments is imperative. This study aims to synthesize copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) through a green route using Vicia faba leaf extract. UV-Vis spectroscopy reveals an absorption band ranging from 200 nm to 300 nm, with a major absorption peak at 212 nm and an energy band gap of 5.29 eV. FTIR, SEM, EDX, and XRD techniques characterise the synthesised CuO nanoparticles. FTIR analysis identifies functional groups including hydroxyl (OH), aromatic C-H, C=C stretching, carbonyl (C=O), and Cu-O stretching vibrations. Scanning electron microscopy reveals flower-like particles, while EDX analysis confirms the formation of CuO nanoparticles. The XRD pattern indicates a crystalline structure with an average particle size of 27.44 nm. A plot of (αhν)² versus photon energy (hν) was generated to determine the energy band gap, yielding a value of 5.29 eV. Rhodamine-B and methylene blue (MB) dyes were employed to evaluate the photocatalytic degradation of the synthesized CuO-NPs, resulting in correlation coefficients of 0.7154and 0.9702, respectively. Furthermore, the rate constants of these dye reactions were found to be 0.0406min-¹ and0.0343 min-¹.