bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Älykäs erikoistuminen Lapissa
Authors: Merenheimo Petra , Rusko Rauno , Tompuri Helena
Published: December 2020

Smart specialisation is a bottom-up frameworkfor regional development. Smart specialisationemphasizes the role of universities, but the official strategies tend not to differentiate betweenthe needs of regions, regional clusters and universities. Such simplification often causes disparities between the actual and the plannedhuman resources of an area, potentially leadingto a waste of ‘smartness’. This article introducesthe Arctic Smartness program of Lapland andthe Älyke project of the University of Laplandwhere teachers and students experimentallyparticipate in smart specialization. The articleexplores the opportunities to develop the agencyof university students and teachers.
Maakunnat itsehallinnon outolintuina – paikallinen itsehallinto maakuntauudistuksen (2015–2019) valossa
Authors: Jäntti Anni , Sinervo Lotta-Maria , Vakkala Hanna
Published: December 2020

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Tekoälyn yhteiskehittäminen julkisella sektorilla
Authors: Autioniemi Jari
Published: December 2020

Artificial intelligence co-creation in the public sector

This article assesses the steps of AI co-creation in the public innovation ecosystem. However, in order to understand AI in the right context, two aims need to be fulfilled first. The limits and possibilities of AI in public administration are assessed by examining the contributions of AI research, phenomenology and philosopher Hubert Dreyfus. According to the article, the simpler the rules, the better for AI. Therefore, hierarchical and bureaucratic structures are best for AI application. However, bureaucratic structures are poor in innovating and exploration – AI innovations included. After this, co-creation is introduced as a way of innovating AI in the public sector. For identifying new opportunities for co-production, different forms of cross-sectoral and citizen involvement are needed.
Soten "neljäs tuotantokausi"
Authors: Niskanen Olli-Pekka , Jokivuori Pertti , Ruuskanen Petri
Published: December 2020

A central political goal of Juha Sipilä’s government was to implement comprehensive reform concerning health and social services. In this article we study how leaders of change, whose task it was to prepare and implement the reform together with regional institutions, experienced the political process aimed to prepare and implement the reform. Key theoretical concepts discussed herein are different models of democracy, dialogue and trust. Our empirical data consists of 17 interviews with the leaders of change. The key focus is on interaction and trust at the interface of politics and the public authorities involved in the implementation process. According to our results political guidance and power replaced trust at the interface of political and public authorities. As a result, criticism of the leaders of change toward the problems of reform was not sought, and thus the political decision-making process was characterized by a lack of trust.
Moninaisuus työelämässä ja johtamisessa
Authors: Ollila Seija , Kujala Anne
Published: December 2020

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Tietokulttuurin ulottuvuudet sosiaali- ja terveydenhuollon uudistuvissa organisaatioissa – vuorovaikutteisen tiedolla johtamisen haaste
Authors: Vakkala Hanna , Syväjärvi Antti
Published: December 2020

This article examines the dimensions of information culture (Choo 2013) in Finnish social and health care. Secondly, we ask how information culture should be developed in the context of reforms. Information culture is defined as interactive, open and value­based activity in organizations, and it can be defined by four dimensions: rule­following, relationship­based, risk­taking and result­oriented. The dimensions are studied based on 223 survey responses from the managers and supervisors in two health care districts. The results show that there is activity in all dimensions, result­oriented gets the slightly highest scores. Result­oriented and relationship­based information cultures are highly valued, but borders and problems in information reliability effect on information usage. Conclusively, supporting information creating and sharing activities and leadership practices are considered important in developing relationship­based and creative information culture in social and health care organizations.
IMAGE OF A PENAL OFFICER: PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT
Authors: Ежова Олеся Николаевна , Семикина Анастасия Павловна
Published: December 2020

В статье рассматриваются факторы, влияющие на процесс формирования имиджа уголовно-исполнительной системы в целом и сотрудников пенитенциарной системы в частности. Анализируются различные подходы к понятию «имидж», в которых он ассоциируется с образом человека, возникающим у других людей; психологической маской, которую человек надевает на себя, чтобы произвести положительное впечатление; стереотипом, представлением. Раскрываются причины, по которым в средствах массовой информации, художественных произведениях и общественном мнении образ сотрудников уголовно-исполнительной системы носит негативный характер. Анализируются особенности формирования профессионального и личностного имиджа. В статье воссоздается историческая ретроспектива формирования «имиджа офицера». Характеризуются нормативные правовые акты, содержащие требования, предъявляемые к личности и поведению сотрудников пенитенциарной системы нашей страны. Приводятся результаты исследования по изучению имиджа сотрудников уголовно-исполнительной системы, в котором принимали участие обычные граждане, отобранные случайным образом, курсанты Самарского юридического института ФСИН России и действующие сотрудники уголовно-исполнительной системы. На основе полученных результатов делаются выводы о том, каким образом можно сформировать положительный профессиональный имидж как сотрудников уголовно-исполнительной системы в целом, так и начальствующего состава в частности. Полученные результаты имеют практическое значение и могут быть использованы в процессе подготовки сотрудников для уголовно-исполнительной системы.

The article examines the factors influencing the process of forming the image of the penal system in general and penal officers in particular. Various approaches to the concept of «image» are analyzed, in which it is associated with the image of a person that appears from the point of view of other people; a psychological mask that a person puts on himself in order to make a positive impression; stereotype, representation. The reasons why the image of penal officers is negative in the media, works of art and public opinionare revealed. The features of the formation of a professional and personal image are analyzed. The article retraced the historical retrospective of the formation of the «officer's image». The article describes the normative legal acts containing the requirements for the personality and behavior of employees of the penitentiary system of our country. The results of a research concerning the image of a penal officerare presented, in which randomlychosenordinary citizens, cadets of Samara Law Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia and current employees of the penitentiary system took part. Based on the results obtained, conclusions are drawn on how to form a positive professional image of both employees of the penal system in general and the commanding staff in particular. The results are of practical importance and can be used in the process of training employees for the penal system.
Spiroplasma burmanica sp. nov. (Spiroplasmataceae: Mollicutes) from a Fossil Plant Louse (Psylloidea: Sternorrhyncha) in mid-Cretaceous Burmese Amber
Authors: Poinar George
Published: December 2020

A new species of spiroplasmid, Spiroplasma burmanica sp. nov. (Mollicutes: Entomoplasmatales: Spiroplasmataceae) is described from the body cavity of a fossil plant louse (Psylloidea: Sternorrhyncha) in Burmese amber.  The new species is pleomorphic with body shapes varying from oval to helical.  The majority of the helical cells occur in the head, thorax (including leg cavities) and abdomen of the fossil psyllid.   The association between S. burmanica and the psyllid is considered to be a case of symbiosis, similar to extant relationships.  This discovery of the first fossil spiroplasmid shows that psyllids carried these microorganisms some 100 million years ago.
Mechanics of deformation and fracture in papers by R. V. Goldstein
Authors: Лисовенко Дмитрий Сергеевич , Осипенко Николай Михайлович , Ченцов Александр Викторович , Шифрин Ефим Ильич
Published: December 2020

Статья посвящена член-корреспонденту РАН, доктору физико-математических наук, профессору, заслуженному деятель науки Российской Федерации Р.В. Гольдштейну. В настоящей библиографической заметке приводятся биографические сведения об этом крупном ученом, который хорошо известен в России и за рубежом. Представлены сведения о его вкладе в развитие механики деформирования и разрушения.

The paper is devoted to corresponding member of RAS, PhD, professor, honored scientist of Russian Federation R. V. Goldstein. In this bibliographic note the information about this worldwide well-known scientist is given. Information on his contribution to the development of deformation and fracture mechanics is given.
Выращивание монокристаллов в строго контролируемых тепловых условиях
Authors: Гоник Михаил Александрович
Published: December 2020

В представленной работе рассматривается установление основных закономерностей формирования совершенных по структуре и однородных по составу кристаллов, а также разработка физико-технологических основ выращивания монокристаллов широкого класса материалов из тонкого слоя расплава методом осевого теплового потока на фронте кристаллизации (ОТФ методом). Для достижения поставленной цели решались следующие задачи: исследование численными методами тепло- и массопереноса при росте кристаллов; обеспечение расчетов теплофизическими данными о кристалле и его расплаве; проектирование и изготовление оборудования для выращивания кристаллов и изучения закономерностей формирования их структуры; разработка автоматической системы, обеспечивающей создание необходимых тепловых условий при росте кристаллов и их поддержание в течение всего цикла кристаллизации; изучение особенностей выращивания кристаллов с использованием погруженного в расплав нагревателя.
Posjeti stranih ratnih brodova Splitu tijekom 1970-ih i 1980-ih godina
Authors: Barić Nikica
Published: December 2020

Na temelju dokumenata Službe državne sigurnosti Socijalističke Republike Hrvatske
u prilogu su prikazani posjeti stranih ratnih brodova Splitu tijekom 1970-ih i
1980-ih godina. U tom razdoblju hladnoga rata i blokovske podjele, Jugoslavija je
izvanblokovska zemlja i istaknuta članica Pokreta nesvrstanih. Navedeni izvori
omogućuju prikazivanje kronologije posjeta ratnih brodova stranih mornarica Splitu
koji su najviše posjećivali američki i sovjetski ratni brodovi. Također, navedeni izvori
prikazuju kako je jugoslavenska strana nadzirala predstavnike stranih država i kako
su ti predstavnici gledali na Jugoslaviju i na grad Split.
Ecological systems theory
Authors: Matas Gordan , Donelli Iva
Published: December 2020

In this paper, Toni Morrison’s novel Beloved (1987) will be considered from the point
of view of developmental psychology. Morrison’s works can be seen as representing
an intertwinement of social, historico-political and emotional themes which play a
crucial role in the identity construction of the author’s characters. Therefore, the
Ecological Systems Theory proposed by Urie Bronfenbrenner will be employed to
closely examine how the identities of Morrison’s characters are being shaped in the
novel. The usage of the five systems on which Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological model
is based– chronosystem, macrosystem, exosystem, mesosystem and microsystem,
will provide an often missing holistic approach necessary for better understanding
of how and why Morrison’s characters are (un)able to complete their developmental
journey of identity construction successfully.
Hogyan kezeljünk egy radioaktív anyaggal szennyezett bűnügyi helyszínt?
Authors: Kovács-Széles Éva , Almási István , Balaskó Ákos , Bíró Csaba , Bodor Károly , Csöme Csilla , Kakuja Izabella , Kreitz Zsuzsanna , Papp Kornél , Tóbi Csaba , Volarics József
Published: December 2020

Radioactive materials have become a marked target for criminal and terrorist organizations in recent years, as they can be effective tools for generating panic and serious economic damage when used in a variety of weapons (e.g. explosive devices capable of dispersing radioactive material). In addition, radioactive material has been used in several cases to commit crimes such as poisoning or radiation exposure of potential target persons. The most famous matter is the so-called ‘Litvinenko case’, in which a Russian intelligence officer was poisoned with polonium in 2006. In addition to the international cases, however, radioactive materials are also found in Hungary from time to time during home searches. Even the detection of these materials can be challenging in the absence of appropriate detection equipment. Their exact identification, collection and specific examination requires specialized expertise. If the crime scene personnel do not detect the presence of radioactivity at the scene in a timely manner (e. g. because it cannot be detected without measuring equipment), the persons working there may subsequently suffer serious damage to health, as well as large areas and objects can be contaminated by dispersed radioactive material. It can also cause serious economic damage. This article describes an operating procedure for the professional respond to crime scenes contaminated with radioactive material, developed by experts of the Hungarian National Police, National Bureau of Investigation, Criminal Forensics Department and radiologists at the Centre for Energy Research in the frame of a project supported by the Home Affairs Security Fund.
Bűnmegelőzés-alapú társadalom
Authors: Hornyik Zsuzsanna
Published: December 2020

Due to new challenges resulted in globalisation technologies, the character of delinquency changed perfectly, new risk factors appeared on the area of criminality that we have to face now. What could be the solution? The here presented book tries to give an answer, which is – simply formulated – a society approach based on prophylaxis.
New subgenera and species of Agraeciini (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Conocephalinae) from South Asia found in historical insect collections
Authors: Ingrisch Sigfrid
Published: December 2020

Based on specimens collected in historical times and stored in the insect collections of the Natural History Museum London and the Zoological Museum Hamburg two new subgenera are established Robustaccasubgen. nov. of the genus Peracca Griffini, 1897 and Indoliarasubgen. nov. of the genus Liara Redtenbacher, 1891. Five new species are described: Peracca (Robustacca) nigrifronssp. nov. from Sumatra, Liara (Acanthocoryphus) duratasp. nov. from Hongkong, Liara (Indoliara) dividatasp. nov. from South India, Pseudosubria assamensissp. nov. from Assam and Depressacca kinabalusp. nov. from Sabah. The species Odontoconus robustus Karny, 1923 is newly combined as Peracca (Robustacca) robustus (Karny, 1923) comb. nov. An extended and updated key to the subgenera of the genus Peracca Griffini, 1897 is provided. All specimens are deposited in the original collections.
On the taxonomy and systematics of the recently described Lycodon deccanensis Ganesh, Deuti, Punith, Achyuthan, Mallik, Adhikari, Vogel, 2020 (Serpentes, Colubridae) from India
Authors: Kalki Yatin , Gowda Sachin , Agnivamshi Manu , Singh Karthik , Patel Harshil , Mirza Zeeshan A.
Published: December 2020

Lycodon deccanensisGanesh, Deuti, Punith, Achyuthan, Mallik, Adhikari, Vogel, 2020 was recently described from the Mysore plateau of Karnataka based solely on morphology but lacking in-depth descriptions and comparisons. A scrutiny of the description reveals that the type series, of two specimens, comprise specimens of two different species along with discrepancies throughout the paper. Surveys conducted near the type locality of the species led to the discovery of additional specimens, which allow us to provide an elaborate description of the species and present data on its phylogenetic relationship with members of the genus and comments on the systematics ofLycodonof India. Results from molecular phylogenetics suggest thatLycodon deccanensisis a member of theL. aulicusclade based on molecular data for mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and shows an un-corrected p-distance (sequence divergence) of 14–17% from other members of theLycodon aulicusclade.
Contribution to the floristic knowledge of Sillaro, Santerno, and Senio high valleys (Toscana, Italy)
Authors: Roma-Marzio Francesco , D'Antraccoli Marco , Angeloni Daniele , Bartolucci Fabrizio , Bernardo Liliana , Cancellieri Laura , Caruso Giuseppe , Conti Fabio , Dolci David , Gestri Giovanni , Gubellini Leonardo , Hofmann Nicole , Laface Valentina L.A. , Lattanzi Edda , Lavezzo Paolo , Maiorca Giovanni , Montepaone Giulia , Musarella Carmelo M. , Noto Domenico , Perrino Enrico V. , Proietti Elisa , Masin Rizzieri R. , Scoppola Anna , Stinca Adriano , Tiburtini Manuel , Tilia Agnese , Peruzzi Lorenzo
Published: December 2020

The inventory of the taxa collected during the annual field trip of the working group for Floristics, Systematics and Evolution of the Italian Botanical Society is reported. The field trip was held in 2019 along the Sillaro, Santerno, and Senio high valleys located in Toscana (central Italy). The flora documented for the studied area amounts to 492 specific and subspecific taxa (including five hybrids), belonging to 254 genera and 77 families. Bromopsis caprina, Ophrys appennina, O. classica, Polygala flavescens subsp. flavescens, and Pulmonaria vallarsae subsp. apennina were the only five Italian endemics found in the study area, whereas 28 alien taxa were detected. Finally, nine taxa (seven native and two alien) have to be considered as new records for the regional flora of Toscana.
La importancia del sector de actividad en la financiarización de las empresas. Un análisis multinivel de empresas británicas y españolas
Authors: Massó Matilde , Bruna Fernando
Published: December 2020

A pesar del aumento de la literatura sobre financiarización, la mayoría de las contribuciones no ofrecen una vinculación satisfactoria de los paradigmas teóricos con los datos empíricos a nivel de empresa. Además, hasta la fecha se han realizado muy pocos estudios sectoriales. El objetivo de este trabajo es cerrar esta brecha estimando la importancia de la afiliación sectorial en la financiarización de las grandes empresas en el Reino Unido y España. Dado que la definición de financiarización suele ser imprecisa y poco clara, comenzamos con una discusión de las limitaciones de los indicadores utilizados en la literatura sobre financiarización. En segundo lugar, construimos un indicador de financiarización basado en un conjunto de datos único, obtenido de los balances y las variables de las cuentas de resultados de las empresas que cotizan en los índices FTSE -100 y del mercado continuo de 2000-2015. Finalmente, y por primera vez en la literatura, hemos aplicado una metodología multinivel para estudiar las similitudes entre los patrones sectoriales estimados para España y Reino Unido. Los resultados preliminares revelan una influencia relevante del sector empresarial en la variabilidad del indicador de financiarización. El artículo propone una nueva agenda de investigación teórica y metodológica para analizar la financiarización.
El impacto de las empresas de capital de riesgo en el empleo y la co-determinación: el caso de Alemania
Authors: Scheuplein Christoph
Published: December 2020

Los estudios sobre los efectos de las empresas de capital riesgo o sociedades de inversión en los Estados Unidos han demostrado que el modelo de negocio a corto plazo y orientado al retorno de la inversión puede ejercer presión sobre las relaciones laborales entre empleadores y empleados. De igual manera, se supone que este es el caso de la economía de mercado coordinada en Alemania. En primer lugar, el artículo muestra para los años 2013 a 2018 el volumen de empleados afectados por adquisiciones de empresas de capital riesgo o sociedades de inversión en Alemania y las industrias en las que trabajan estos empleados. En segundo lugar, se examina hasta qué punto la co-determinación igualitaria, que la ley alemana exige a las empresas con más de 2000 empleados, es ignorada o evitada en mayor o menor medida por parte de dichas empresas en comparación con otras. En tercer lugar, se analiza el cambio en la actividad de los comités de empresa de aquellos casos que han sido asumidos por una sociedad de inversión. En general, se evidencia que las sociedades de inversión son más restrictivas a nivel de empresa en comparación con otros modelos y que se está volviendo más difícil para los comités de empresa representar adecuadamente los intereses de los empleados.
Avoiding a Data Science Winter by Keeping the Expectations Low
Authors: Hofstetter Matthias , Koumpis Adamantios , Chatzidimitriou Kyriakos
Published: December 2020

In the paper we present and discuss some aspects related to what we consider as some of the most important corporate challenges of Data Science, AI and machine learning regarding both human talents and business. We examine the case of a discussion that took place over Quora and in particular we focus on an answer we have selected as indicative of a potentially threatening situation for the sustainable development of the data science, AI and machine learning disciplines as well as the growth of the respective demand and supply sides and the corresponding ecosystem these form. We then make an attempt to examine the setting by means of analyzing the case, using as our guide the provided narrative.
Abnormal Activity Detection and Notification Platform for Real-Time Ad Hoc Network
Authors: Pinitkan Suriya , Wisitpongphan Nawaporn
Published: December 2020

As aging society era is getting near, number of elders who live alone is increasing. These people often need special care. Due to this reason, we propose Abnormal Activity Detection and Notification Platform (AADN) for Real-Time Ad Hoc Network which can help taking care of these people. The proposed platform relies on human tracking using cameras that are installed in different rooms inside the house. AADN will take as input images from the cameras to process and output activity in the form of human pose and objects with their relative distant to the detected human. Relationship Degree of Human Object Interaction (RD-HOI) will be analyzed every minute and be used to distinguish abnormal behavior by means of decision tree. In addition, activities will be used to generate routine behavior log and AADN will notify the person in charge of taking care of the subject if the detected activity differs from the routine. The proposed platform can achieve human pose accuracy of up to 99.66% by using COCO with VGG-NB model and can correctly identify object 68% of the time. Our experiments showed that AADN could notify abnormal activity by using RD-HOI when human and harmful objects were clearly visible in the picture and could correctly notify abnormal activity when time spent in a certain activity differed from the routine by a certain threshold given sufficient amount of data.
Empirical Characterization of the Temporal Dynamics of EEG Spectral Components
Authors: Ayodele Kayode P. , Ikezogwo Wisdom O. , Osuntuyi Anthony A.
Published: December 2020

The properties of time-domain electroencephalographic data have been studied extensively. There has however been no attempt to characterize the temporal evolution of resulting spectral components when successive segments of electroencephalographic data are decomposed. We analysed resting-state scalp electroencephalographic data from 23 subjects, acquired at 256 Hz, and transformed using 64-point Fast Fourier Transform with a Hamming window. KPSS and Nason tests were administered to study the trend- and wide sense stationarity respectively of the spectral components. Their complexities were estimated using fuzzy entropy. Thereafter, the rosenstein algorithm for dynamic evolution was applied to determine the largest Lyapunov exponents of each component’s temporal evolution. We found that the evolutions were wide sense stationary for time scales up to 8 s, and had significant interactions, especially between spectral series in the frequency ranges 0-4 Hz, 12-24 Hz, and 32-128 Hz. The highest complexity was in the 12-24 Hz band, and increased monotonically with scale for all band sizes. However, the complexity in higher frequency bands changed more rapidly. The spectral series were generally non-chaotic, with average largest Lyapunov exponent of 0. The results show that significant information is contained in all frequency bands, and that the interactions between bands are complicated and time-varying.
Heart Sound Signals Segmentation and Multiclass Classification
Authors: Bourouhou Abdelhamid , Jilbab Abdelilah , Nacir Chafik , Hammouch Ahmed
Published: December 2020

The heart is the organ that pumps blood with oxygen and nutrients into all body organs by a rhythmic cycle overlapping between contraction and dilatation. This is done by producing an audible sound which we can hear using a stethoscope. Many are the causes affecting the normal function of this most vital organ. In this respect, the heart sound classification has become one of the diagnostic tools that allow the discrimination between patients and healthy people; this diagnosis is less painful, less costly and less time consuming. In this paper, we present a classification algorithm based on the extraction of 20 features from segmented phonocardiogram “PCG” signals. We applied four types of machine learning classifiers that are k- Near Neighbor “KNN”, Support Vector Machine “SVM”, Tree, and Naïve Bayes “NB” so as to train old features and predict the new entry. To make our results measurable, we have chosen the PASCAL Classifying Heart Sounds challenge, which is a rich database and is conducive to classifying the PCGs into four classes for dataset A and three classes for dataset B. The main finding is about 3.06 total precision of the dataset A and 2.37 of the dataset B.
Smart Non-Invasive Hemoglobin Measurement Using Portable Embedded Technology
Authors: Tatiparti Padma , Chintalapati Usha Kumari
Published: December 2020

Hemoglobin plays a major role for the existence of the healthy human being it carries oxygen supply to every cell for its survival in the entire body. As its level varies from person to person between 12-17 grams per deciliter if very high or low cause diseases. Usually low hemoglobin cause anemia in many of the women during pregnancy. In the present article the hemoglobin measurement is done noninvasively using the photoplethysmography method at the fingertip by Infrared LED with a wavelength of (880 – 940) nm and Red LED with wavelength of 660nm. The empirical calculation of Hemoglobin estimation is carried indirectly through model of oxygen saturation in skin-tissue- bone attenuation of the light on to the extremities. The analysis is supported by the Arduino IDE and MATLAB toolboxes for filtering the noise in signal and processing for target parameters. Further these real time parameters were sent to expertise to check for corrective ness and with the actual invasive methods   for diagnosing its course of action. Internet of Things (IOT) technology to the outside world communication through Android mobile App.
Cellular IOT using nRF9160kit
Authors: Vishnubhatla Arvind
Published: December 2020

The current vision of internet of things aims at connecting anything with everything. It is estimated that there will be 18 billion connected devices in 2022. Applications   like utility meters, robotics, smart street lighting, process automation, solar and wind farms are expected to grow. High end requirements for automated driving, industrial automation and e-health exist. Cellular IOT is expected to bring new use cases to address latest requirements in the market. There is a need to provide large coverage in a power efficient manner while providing a high battery life. There is a need to have a kit which connects seamlessly and has a small form factor. The requirements on latency and throughput are relaxed in some cases while stringent in others. Stringent requirements make use of more radio resources. There is increased demand for system capacity and network availability. In this paper we make use of nRF9160 kit a low-cost device where a reduction in the cost and complexity has been achieved. The performance objectives of coverage, throughput, latency, capacity, power efficiency and complexity are met. This kit provides a reliable and future proof solution in the long term. The kit is built for the global market and allows roaming over multiple networks.
ADOPTION OF AN INTEGRATED NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION AND NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING SYSTEM TOWARD IMPROVEMENT OF TELEHEALTH SOLUTIONS
Authors: Balasubramanian Vishal , Sapthagirivasan V. , Selvaganesh M. , Manikandan T.
Published: December 2020

Telehealth is the usage of digital medical data and telecommunication technologies to aid long-distance clinical healthcare. Proper maintenance of a patient’s medical record has been a hindrance toward the growth of Telehealth services. The patient’s data, particularly emergency data, must be available to medical personnel within a short time frame and independent of potential interruption of network connections. In this paper, we propose a Near Field Communication (NFC) wristband that provides access to the medical details, history and contact details of a patient. By this, the doctor or the paramedical officer can provide the patient with the best treatment within a short period of time. This system comes in handy even if the patient is unconscious/unable to answer. The doctor or the paramedical officer can quickly draft a patient’s report and send it to the hospital. The proposed framework consists of the following four stages: (i) obtaining emergency medical data with the help of NFC chips, (ii) converting medical report into digital text using Optical Character Recognition (OCR), (iii) structuring the narrative medical text into organized data using NLP and (iv) comparative analysis of the selected content. An image database with 1200 medical case histories has been utilized for the algorithm development and validation. The OCR algorithms for converting images to text produced more than 98% on average and NLP algorithm produced around 94.1% accuracy. Overall, the performance of the system from NFC reader till analysis of the specific field is more than 95%. The developed OCR and NLP integrated software helps the doctor or the health officer to immediately convert it into text format and the unstructured text is quickly organized into the respective fields.
COVID-DETECT: A DEEP LEARNING APPROACH FOR CLASSIFICATION OF COVID-19 PNEUMONIA FROM LUNG SEGMENTED CHEST X-RAYS
Authors: Rajkumar S. , Rajaraman P. V. , Meganathan Haree Shankar , Sapthagirivasan V. , Tejaswinee K. , Ashwin R.
Published: December 2020

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) was first reported in the Wuhan City of China in 2019 and became a pandemic. The outbreak has caused shocking effects to the people across the globe. It is important to screen a majority of the population in every country and for the respective governments to take appropriate action. There is a need for a rapid screening system to triage and recommend the patients for appropriate treatment. Chest X-ray imaging is one of the potential modalities, which has ample advantages such as wide availability even in the villages, portability, fast data sharing option from the point of capturing to the point of investigation, etc. The aim of the proposed work is to develop a deep learning algorithm for screening COVID-19 cases by leveraging the widely available X-ray imaging. We have built a deep learning Convolutional Neural Network model utilizing a combination of the public domain (open-source COVID-19) and private data (pneumonia and normal cases). The dataset was used before and after the segmentation of the lung region for training and testing. The outcome of the classification after lung segmentation resulted in significant superiority. The average accuracy achieved by the proposed system was 96%. The heat maps incorporated in the system were helpful for our radiologists to cross-verify whether the appropriate features are identified. This system (COVID-Detect) can be used in remote places in the countries affected by COVID-19 for mass screening of suspected cases and suggesting appropriate actions, such as recommending confirmatory tests.
Emergency Response and Post-Disaster Recovery Using Smartphone-Based Applications
Authors: Kaisar Shahriar
Published: December 2020

The number of natural disasters, such as tsunamis, earthquakes, flooding, cyclone, and bushfires, is rapidly increasing globally, and they are claiming thousands of lives while destroying numerous properties. One of the major concerns of these natural disasters is the destruction of communication links, such as powerline and Internet connections, which make it difficult to enable communication among the affected people and the rescue teams. However, the evolution of smart devices equipped with multiple short-range communication technologies, such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi provides an opportunity to form an ad-hoc network with co-located smart mobile device users and communicate their positions and other relevant information to the rescue workers. This chapter provides a detailed description of recent advancement in this area and highlights important aspects that are needed to be considered for practical implementation.
Communication Crisis Management of the Public Security Policy
Authors: Andrade José Gabriel , Ferreira Nuno Jorge de Lima
Published: December 2020

This chapter discusses crisis communication management in the Portuguese public security police digital landscape, mainly focused on social media. This is an exploratory investigation it is intended to understand how crisis communication management methodologies in the digital environment can be applied in police intervention, so its legitimacy is reinforced. The study is divided into two parts, the literature review, and the empirical research. The data was gathered together through an interview survey, with the participation of four public security police officers and four investigators. The interviews were transcribed, and their content was analyzed. In an emergency situation, most of the actions are communication activities, so its management in the digital landscape—above all social media—is critical for the police success, as an institution under strong scrutiny and whose actions depend on the citizen cooperation. Communication is essential for building reputation and should be used in threats to legitimacy, and as a tool for reaching out to the community.
Information as Humanitarian Aid
Authors: Meesters Kenny , Wang Yan
Published: December 2020

For a plethora of decisions we make on a daily basis, we can rely on timely, tailored information delivered via digital services. The technologies and the knowledge needed for the design, development and delivery of digital services have become increasingly accessible. These developments have also made their way to the crisis response domain and resulted in a variety of digital services to deliver information, supporting emergency responders in their decision-making processes. At the same time, affected communities by disasters are also in need of information during such critical events. Timely, relevant information helps affected citizens to understand the situation, make informed decisions, and gain access to life-saving aid. However, designing, creating, and delivering digital services to deliver vital information to communities warrant specific considerations. This chapter per the authors explores the concept of digital services in regard to empowering communities affected by critical events.
The Middle School Modern Classroom
Authors: Deanon Toni Rose H. , Culp Emily E. , Lager Demi C. , Diamond Zachary P.
Published: December 2020

This chapter describes how The Modern Classroom Project model, a blended, self-paced classroom format with mastery-based grading practices, is ideal for young middle school students. The chapter narratively outlines a case study of four middle school teachers implementing and validating The Modern Classrooms model at DC International School. The chapter will provide recommendations for blended learning, self-paced classroom, and mastery-based grading practices. The following section argues how this model is ideal in the middle school classroom because it allows teachers better to serve students with a broad range of maturity levels; rather than focusing only on instructional delivery, middle school educators can focus on developing students' self-management skills. The authors also discuss how the model benefited their teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the authors' experience implementing The Modern Classrooms Project model, they conclude that it is an effective structure for teaching and learning in middle school.
Trauma and the Middle School Brain
Authors: Robertson Cheryl A. , Robertson Chelsea L.
Published: December 2020

This chapter examines the effect of trauma on brain development and the subsequent impact in the academic setting. Childhood trauma is overwhelmingly common and has repeatedly been noted to have serious detrimental effects on children's developmental trajectories. Adolescents with trauma histories have a number of affected skills of which educators need to be especially aware. These skills include learning, memory, executive function, and emotion regulation. Fortunately, educators have a number of instructional practices at their disposal to help children with trauma histories, including classroom-level strategies like stimulus variation and structure and routine, coupled with high expectations. It is suggested that trauma-informed practices be implemented at the classroom and school-wide levels.
The Qualities of Effective Teachers in the Eyes of Turkish Students
Authors: Orakcı Şenol
Published: December 2020

The present study was performed with the purpose of exploring views of middle school students about the effective teacher characteristics. For this purpose, qualitative research method was used. The study included 27 middle school students enrolled at different middle schools in Ankara, Turkey. In the study, content analysis method was utilized. According to analysis results, three major themes named “Professional Qualifications,” “Professional Values,” and “Human Values” were identified depending on middle school students' views. The findings were interpreted in the light of relevant literature.
Leading Learning Communities with Creative Practice
Authors: Brown Susannah L. , Bird Jennifer Lynne , Musgrove Ann , Powers Jillian
Published: December 2020

Reflective leadership stories from various fields including, instructional technology, education and humanities guide the reader to reflect upon practice. Leadership theories that support personal growth, caring, interpersonal communication, problem solving, and creativity are discussed (Bass, 2008). Furthermore, the authors describe how creative leaders can use Communities of Practice (CoPs) as a mechanism to share and build knowledge, solve problems, and foster professional growth and development.
A New Perspective in Competitiveness for Business Education
Authors: Martins Ana , Martins Isabel , Pereira Orlando Petiz
Published: December 2020

Organizations are currently living through profound changes while dealing with the prevailing rate of information change and innovation. Alternative ways of educating organizations highlight the strategic importance of humanization in organizations. Humanization is the stabilizer of productivity and communities of practice (CoPs) – the tools which enable employees to act in this space. Organizations that nurture CoPs embrace learning, are sensitive, tolerant, and cooperate. CoPs are nurtured by cooperation while disregarding both competition and egotism. Strategic variables emerge in this context which leads to the paradigm shift focusing on trust, voluntary sharing, employees' selflessness, and shared leadership. Knowledge in an organization and within each employee is viewed as complementary and not a substitute or as an issue of contention. Knowledge sharing is a necessary condition to improve both organizational performance and its attractiveness. The importance of CoPs in this chapter focuses on the humanization perspective as CoPs promote learning in business contexts.
Conceptualizing Characteristics of Professional Learning in an Online Environment
Authors: Morewood Aimee L. , Ankrum Julie W. , Dagen Allison Swan
Published: December 2020

This chapter describes the intersection between documented research-based practices for effective professional learning and Garrison, Anderson, and Archer's conceptual framework for effective online learning and engagement, known as the community of inquiry (CoI). A social constructivist perspective is used to align the features of effective professional learning (e.g., duration, collaborative participation, active learning, coherence, and content focus) with the three CoI presences (e.g., teaching, social, and cognitive presences). Practical examples of online tools, for both synchronous and asynchronous online professional learning offerings, are discussed and implications for practice and research are presented.
In-Service Teachers' Use of ICT for the Promotion of Collaborative Professional Learning
Authors: García-Valcárcel Ana , Mena Juanjo
Published: December 2020

Information and communication technologies (ICT) are often rendered as key tools in the promotion of teachers' collaborative learning. Their use enables teachers to complete assignments, solve problems, or create products together. The content of this chapter is based on the information published in a previous research study by the authors. In that study, they aimed at describing teachers' use of ICT towards collaboration from a triple perspective: what they believe (teachers' opinion), what they know (teachers' knowledge), and what they do (teachers' use). A questionnaire and interviews were the instruments to collect data. Some results pointed out that teachers used ICT to promote collaboration on a regular basis, but it is limited to the knowledge they have on particular tools, which is acknowledged to be intermediate. The most important implication for teacher education programs is considering the actual limitations of teachers' knowledge and use of ICT in practice to set a more accurate starting point to promote collaboration through technologies.
A Teacher Educator's Meaning-Making From a Hybrid “Online Teaching Fellows” Professional Learning Experience
Authors: Edge Christi
Published: December 2020

This chapter describes a two-part, hybrid “Online Teaching Fellows” faculty development initiative and the tensions and transformations one faculty participant experienced. Case study and self-study research methodologies were utilized to systematically document and explore, from an insider's perspective, the lived experience of professional learning related to the design and delivery of online courses. This chapter identifies and describes tensions and transformations that contributed to professional learning and concludes with a discussion of how literacy practices in the design of frameworks for teaching and for learning may contribute to understanding how instructors read and make meaning from experiences in the context of professional learning. Implications extend Rosenblatt's transactional theory of reading and writing to multimodal online teaching and learning contexts.
Online Mathematics Teacher Education
Authors: Chauvot Jennifer , Pape Stephen J. , Prosser Sherri K. , Hicks Kimberly
Published: December 2020

In this chapter, the authors describe two online programs that sought to impact teachers' content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, and instructional practices in K-12 classrooms. One program was a master's program for middle grades science and mathematics teachers, and the other was a yearlong professional development program for third- through fifth-grade general and special education teachers. They share the theoretical perspectives that informed the design and implementation of the programs and outcomes from each program. Examples of learning activities from each of the programs are provided. The authors contend that deliberate, theoretically-based design and implementation of online professional development programs with science and mathematics teachers is not only viable but also vital in supporting teachers' ongoing knowledge growth of learner-centered instruction.
Preservice Teachers Decomposing Ambitious Mathematics Teaching
Authors: Suh Jennifer M. , Gallagher Melissa A.
Published: December 2020

We examined preservice teachers' experiences during a clinically embedded mathematics methods course, specifically examining the impact of video-based professional learning structures using the Mathematical Quality of Instruction (MQI; Learning Mathematics for Teaching, 2014) instruments on their collaborative planning and collective observations. Preservice teachers co-taught the summer PDS Math Lab within a Professional Learning Community with structured observations with video analysis that entailed: a) Collaborative planning; b) Structured Observations targeting instructional analysis focused on ambitious teaching practices; c) Use of the MQI that focused on the richness of mathematics. The authors detail the specific affordances of the structured observation with video analysis in a math methods course in a teacher preparation program and how the clinically embedded coursework supported preservice teachers' decomposition of ambitious teaching and bridge practitioner and academic knowledge.
The Role of a WhatsApp Group of a Professional Learning Community of Chemistry Teachers in the Development of Their Knowledge
Authors: Blonder Ron , Waldman Ruth
Published: December 2020

The authors analyze chemistry teachers' discourse in a WhatsApp group. This online communication platform is used for continually studying the communication behavior of leading chemistry teachers who are members of a professional learning community (PLC). They describe the network of chemistry teachers' PLC in Israel, which provides the context for the study. WhatsApp enables sustained ongoing, intensive interaction, and sharing of knowledge that is practical, directly related to the members' needs, and is participant driven and constructivist in nature. A theoretical perspective of teachers' knowledge and professional development (PD) was developed in 2015 by Gess-Newsome, which was applied to examine the mechanism underlying teachers' knowledge development.
Fuzzy Data Warehouse in the Field of Education
Authors: Zambrano-Matamala Carolina , Urrutia Angélica
Published: December 2020

Currently, educational organizations have a large amount of local information from their academic processes, curricular management processes, diagnostic processes of university admission, among others. Also, educational organizations have access to large external databases with standardized test information that students have taken. In this sense, the data warehouse (DW) is presented as a technology that makes it possible to integrate educational information because it provides for the storage of large amounts of information that come from different sources, in a multidimensionally structured format for historical analysis. In this chapter, the authors present one example of DW applied to the field of education using fuzzy logic. A fuzzy DW will be defined as “a DW that allows storing and operating fuzzy measures, fuzzy relationships between levels and fuzzy levels.” This chapter ends with a critical discussion of the advances and possibilities of technologies such as the DW applied to the field of education.