bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the association of ABO blood group in dengue fever diagnosed patient in tertiary care hospital
Authors: Kousar Shaheen , Abbas Farah Fatima , Naeem Effendi Fouzia , Huda Nasrul , Suharwardy Obaid Munazza , Aman Ali Humaira , Muhammad Imran  , Abdus Salam Aabiya , Murtaza Ali Alifya , Nazneen Suri Mahrukh , Munir Syeda Fatima
Published: April 2021

Background: A serious worldwide medical and public health concern occurs with the dengue virus, which is also an emerging health threat. A victim can be vulnerable and acquire dengue because of his age, genetics, nutritional status, viral strain and secondary infections. Our objective was to identify the ABO blood group system's distribution and relationship in dengue fever (DF) patients.

Methodology: The current study has conducted between September 2019 and September 2020 in Dr. Ishrat ul Ebad Institute of Blood Diseases Department. The research work was viewed and accepted by the ethics and research committees. Case records of patients with blood systems and their relation among dengue nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) antigen /dengue immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (lgG) were included in this study.

Results: Among 204 cases, 82 were blood group O positive, 59 were B positive, 38 were A positive, 16 were AB positive, 4 were O negative, and 2 were blood group A negative. The association of the ABO blood group with dengue was statistically significant (p=0.046). Blood group O+ has the highest number of cases, 66 (42.9 %), than controls, 16 (32 %).

Conclusion: This study overall consummates that blood group O is linked with a greater possibility of acquiring DF in comparison with different other blood group types. There is a significant relationship between blood group and DF observed.
Internalisasi Nilai Pendidikan Akhlak dalam Surat Al-Hujurat Ayat 11-13 Menurut Tafsir fi Zilalil Qur'an
Authors: Anwar Saiful
Published: April 2021

This study examines the implementation of moral education in QS. Al-Hujurat verses 11-13 in Sayyid Qutb's Tafsir Fi Zilalil Quran. The purpose of this research is to describe the messages and values ​​of moral education as contained in the letter Al-Hujurat verses 11-13. The benefits of this research are theoretically expected to provide a small contribution of thought or input that is useful for Islamic education, while practically this research is expected to provide a little contribution of thought, especially for researchers and readers in general in understanding the contents of the content or values ​​in the letter. Al-Hujurat verses 11-13. The data collection method in this thesis research is a qualitative method through searching data or library research, library data collection methods, reading and processing research materials. The source of the commentary book Fi Zhilalil Qur'an is supported by secondary sources which are related to the problem. Based on the results of research and data analysis, it can be concluded that: The values ​​of moral education contained in the Al-Hujurat verse 11-13 in the interpretation of Fi Zhilalil qur'an, namely the prohibition of making fun of, criticizing, calling badly, haram and prejudice , backbiting, finding fault with others and equality and ta'aruf. The study found that there are three types of interpretation used by sayyid qutub. The methods used are takhalli, tahalli and tajalli.
Upaya Peningkatan Motivasi Belajar Baca al-Qur’an Siswa Melalui Learning Together Technique of Cooperative Learning Method
Authors: Untari Ratna
Published: April 2021

This study aims to describe and analyze in-depth the efforts to improve the learning motivation of reading al-Qur’an of students in class XI Multimedia by learning together techniques of cooperative learning methods at SMK Negeri 1 Mlarak Ponorogo. The research approach used was a classroom action research model of Kemmis and Taggart in the form of a spiral consisting of three cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, action, observation, and reflection. Data collection techniques used written and oral tests, observation, and audio recordings. Then, the research data will be analyzed by data reduction, data display, and conclusions. This study proposes the findings that: learning together technique of cooperative learning method has a positive impact in increasing the motivation to learn to read al-Qur'an students of class XI Multimedia at SMK Negeri 1 Mlarak Ponorogo. This is indicated by the increase in student learning completeness in each cycle, namely: cycle 1 (41.93%), cycle II (67.74%), cycle III (100%). In addition, the learning together technique of cooperative learning method makes students feel that they get attention and the opportunity to convey opinions or ideas and questions related to reading the al-Qur'an. The application of learning together techniques of cooperative learning methods has a positive effect in increasing student motivation in reading al-Qur'an.
MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF FUNGI ISOLATED FROM POSTHARVEST MANGO FRUITS AND EVALUATION OF ESSENTIAL OILS ACTIVITY OF GROWTH INHIBITION
Authors: Ricken Schuelter Adilson , Da Silva Fernando Otaviano , Dos Santos Grignet Rosane , Pereira Debora , Da Silva Rafael Francisco , Ceccon Merçon Vieira Marcelo , Fiorini Rosado Adriana , Daneluz Gonçalves Vanessa
Published: April 2021

This work aimed to perform the molecular identification of fungi mango fruits, in addition to verifying the effect of the essential oils for microbial control. Pericarp segments containing injured and healthy areas of mango fruits were initially disinfested, and then incubated in PDA culture medium at 25 °C. From all isolated material, UDC03, UDC04, UDC09 and UDC12 were preselected, which presented homogeneous cultures. The UDC04 and UDC12 isolates were submitted to the sequencing of the ITS region for presenting mycelial growth both greater and morphologically distinct of fungi from Colletotrichum genus. When BLAST is used in species identification, it was observed that UDC04 and UDC12 belong to Botryosphaeria dothidea and Neofusicoccum parvum, respectively. Regarding the control of UDC04, it was observed that BDA culture medium containing 1.5 to 2% of lemongrass and eucalyptus oils resulted in complete inhibition. For UDC12, mycelial growth inhibition was detected with the use of 1% and 1.5% essential oils of eucalyptus and lemongrass, respectively. The chia essential oil was not effective for the isolates control. Finally, the results reveal the importance of molecular identification of these phytopathogens associated with the establishment of an alternative control of fruits due to problems of contamination with chemical products.
Retracing The Position of Sharia Science in The Formulation of Laws and Regulations
Authors: Anwar Syahrul , Rosadi Aden , Fauzan Fauzan
Published: April 2021

This study tries to explain the efforts to retrace the position of Islamic science in the formulation of laws and regulations in Indonesia. As part of the implementation of Islamic law and the national legal sub-system, the position of sharia is particularly strategic and significant. The existence and position of sharia science lie not only in theoretical development through academic studies but also in practical terms which can provide its own colour in the formulation of laws and regulations in Indonesia. The implementation of sharia in life is not only an individual normative obligation, but also a collective responsibility that involves academics, legal practitioners, and the government. The position of sharia in forming laws and regulations theoretically and practically can be seen from three aspects, including substance, structure, and culture.Penelitian ini mencoba menjelaskan tentang upaya pelacakan kembali posisi ilmu syariah dalam pembentukan peraturan perundangan-undangan di Indonesia. Sebagai bagian dari implementasi hukum Islam dan sub-sistem hukum nasional, posisi ilmu syari’ah sangat strategis dan signifikan. Keberadaan dan posisi ilmu syariah bukan hanya terletak pada pengembangan teoritis melalui kajian akademik, tetapi juga secara praktis dapat memberikan warna tersendiri dalam pembentukan peraturan perundangan-undangan di Indonesia.  Implementasi ilmu syariah dalam kehidupan, bukan hanya kewajiban individual yang bersifat normative saja, tetapi juga menjadi kewajiban kolektif yang melibatkan akademisi, praktisi hukum, maupun pemerintah. Dengan menggunakan metode deskiptif tekstual-interpretatif, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara teoritis dan praktis, posisi ilmu syariah dalam pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan dapat dilihat dari tiga aspek, antara lain: substansi, struktur, dan kultur.
CRISIS FАCЕ ОF MIGRАTIОN: NЕW CHАLLЕNGЕS FОR ЕURОPЕАN CОUNTRIЕS
Authors: Аlеksiеiеvа Tеtiаnа , Tоlstа Mаrhаrytа
Published: April 2021

Thе purpоsе оf thе аrticlе is tо study thе cаusеs оf migrаtiоn flоws in Еurоpе in rеcеnt yеаrs аnd thе wаys to solve thе currеnt migrаtiоn prоblеm in thе ЕU. Thе аnаlysis аllоws us tо find pоssiblе wаys to prevent and minimise thе risks оf spоntаnеоus influx оf illеgаl migrаnts frоm dеvеlоping cоuntriеs, аs it crеаtеs numеrоus sоciаl, еcоnоmic, dеmоgrаphic, culturаl, аnd rеligiоus prоblеms fоr the ЕU cоuntriеs. Thе аuthоrs аnаlysе thе trеnds оf intеgrаtiоn оf rеfugееs intо thе Еurоpеаn cоmmunity cоnsidеring thе crisis situаtiоn in thе wоrld аssоciаtеd with thе еmеrgеncе аnd sprеаd оf thе cоrоnаvirus pаndеmic. Mеthоdоlоgy. During thе writing оf thе аrticlе, thе аuthоrs usеd such mеthоds аs аnаlysis, synthеsis, аbductiоn, cоncrеtisаtiоn, lоgicаl, аnd tаbulаr mеthоds. Infоrmаtiоn frоm vаriоus sоurcеs wаs аnаlysеd, thе mоst impоrtаnt аspеcts wеrе emphasised, а dеtаilеd аnаlysis оf thе migrаtiоn prоcеss wаs cоnductеd, аnd its nеgаtivе аnd pоsitivе аspеcts wеrе singlеd оut. Thе rеsults оf thе аnаlysis оf thе Еurоpеаn migrаtiоn crisis оf 2015 in pоliticаl аnd rеligiоus, еcоnоmic аnd dеmоgrаphic аspеcts have shown thаt thеrе has been а thrеаt оf incrеаsе оf illеgаl migrаtiоn tо the Еurоpеаn cоuntriеs, which may lеаd tо а crisis in the Еurоpеаn cоuntriеs. Thе situаtiоn hаs bееn еxаcеrbаtеd by thе аppеаrаncе оf thе cоrоnаvirus pаndеmic, which hаs thrеаtеnеd thе livеs оf mаny Еurоpеаns. Thе аctiоns аnd pоsitiоns оf thе lеаdеrs оf thе mеmbеr stаtеs оf thе Еurоpеаn Uniоn оn migrаtiоn pоlicy аnd sоlving thе prоblеm оf mаss influx оf migrаnts аrе cоnsidеrеd. Thе rеsults оf thе study have shown thаt thе nеgаtivе еffеcts оf thе migrаtiоn crisis in Еurоpе are fаr оutwеigh thе pоsitivе оnеs аnd this аppliеs tо еvеry аspеct оf thе study. Аlthоugh thе issuе оf migrаnts wаs pаrtiаlly rеsоlvеd in 2017, during thе pеriоd оf cоrоnаvirus infеctiоn, which hаs nоw sprеаd tо аll Еurоpеаn cоuntriеs, thе issuе оf migrаnts hаs аrisеn аgаin, which hаs еxаcеrbаtеd this prоblеm. Thе fоcus is оn thе dеsirе оf thе lеаding ЕU mеmbеr stаtеs tо limit thе influx оf еmigrаnts intо thе tеrritоry оf the ЕU mеmbеr stаtеs withоut thе dеsirе оf migrаnts tо find wоrk аnd gаin thе аpprоpriаtе lеvеl оf knоwlеdgе. Prаcticаl implicаtiоns. Thе rеsults оf thе study cаn bе usеd by tеаchеrs during lеcturеs оn this tоpic, studеnts tо prеpаrе fоr sеminаrs, аs wеll аs by аll intеrеstеd citizеns whо hаvе аccеss tо this infоrmаtiоn. Vаluе/оriginаlity. Thеsе аrgumеnts аllоw us tо stаtе thаt in оrdеr tо rеsоlvе thе migrаtiоn crisis in thе ЕU cоuntriеs, it is nеcеssаry tо аpply аn intеgrаtеd аpprоаch, cоnsidеring аll impоrtаnt sоciо-pоliticаl, culturаl, аnd еthnic vаluеs. Аftеr аnаlysing thе dаtа in dеtаil, thе аuthоrs have singlеd оut thе pоsitivе аnd nеgаtivе аspеcts оf thе migrаtiоn crisis in Еurоpе, аnаlysеd labour migrаtiоn in Еurоpе, cоnsidеrеd thе currеnt stаtе оf migrаtiоn prоcеssеs аnd thе cоnsеquеncеs оf migrаtiоn, аnd suggеstеd wаys tо sоlvе thе migrаtiоn crisis in Еurоpе.
MODERN TOOLS FOR MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING AND THEIR ROLE IN ENSURING THE TOTAL VALUE OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Chut Maksym
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the paper is to determine the role of modern effective tools for management accounting in the context of increasing the total value of the enterprise. The article deals with the basic tools of management accounting and details the essence of their transformation in modern conditions. Current market conditions require modification of individual management accounting tools and methods, which are described in detail and substantiated in the article. In Ukraine, the value of management accounting remains undervalued, because, unlike the major international accounting systems, the use of management accounts in correspondence with financial accounts is in no way intended. Management accounting as such is at the discretion of the enterprise. Therefore, this function - meeting the specific management information needs - is often entrusted with analytical accounting data which, by its very nature, cannot fully accomplish such tasks. The author specifies some atypical modern tools not only the management accounting process, but also its support. Business value estimation is presented as a kind of management accounting tool that allows, at the same time, to create reputation capital, and to become an element of it. As a result, the system of the newest management accounting tools in the system of value-based management was improved by determining the essence of transformation of its components, which allowed to establish their role in identifying and counteracting factors of negative influence in terms of growth of enterprise value. The research substantiates the role of each single up-to-date management accounting tool (application of modern e-document flow in management accounting, cost-oriented controlling, actuarial calculations, international accounts, electronic forms of analysis, forecasting and mathematical modelling, reporting forms and their dissemination by modern means of communication) in identifying and eliminating problematic factors to the implementation of value-based management.
Primeiro registro de Dryadula phaetusa (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) no estado do Piauí, Brasil
Authors: Ribeiro Francineide Silva , Silva Guilherme R. , Couto Natiele A.
Published: April 2021

Dryadula phaetusa é um lepidóptero distribuído desde o sul da América do Norte até a região central da América do Sul. É uma espécie que apresenta conhecimento limitado de sua história natural. O presente estudo apresenta o primeiro registro para o estado do Piauí e para ambientes de transição entre Caatinga e Cerrado.
PENERAPAN PASAL 2 AYAT 3 KEPUTUSAN MENTERI NEGARA AGRARIA/ KEPALA BADAN PERTANAHAN NASIONAL NOMOR 16 TAHUN 1997 TERHADAP PENURUNAN STATUS KEPEMILIKAN TANAH HAK MILIK UNTUK DIUBAH MENJADI TANAH HAK GUNA BANGUNAN MELALUI PROSES LELANG
Authors: Setyawan David Novan
Published: April 2021

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka Penyelesaiannya adalah sebagai berikut: yang Pertama, Penerapan Terhadap Penurunan Hak Milik Untuk Diubah Menjadi Guna Bangunan Melalui Dengan Didasarkan Pada Pasal 2 Agraria/ Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Tahun 1997, yakni: didalam pelaksanaannya, dikarenakan pada saat status kepemilikan hak atas tanah yang dalam hal ini hak milik, kemudian diubah menjadi hak guna bangunan oleh perseorangan kepada suatu badan-badan yang dalam hal ini badan hukum itu membutuhkan biaya-biaya yang tidak sedikit,  dan dengan waktu yang tidak sebentar, maka itu dapat menciptakan suatu masalah atau kendala baru yang harus segera dapat diberikan solusinya.

Kedua, yakni: Kendala dalam Terhadap Status Kepemilikan Tanah Hak Milik Menjadi Tanah Hak Melalui Proses Lelang Dengan Didasarkan Pada Keputusan Menteri / Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional, adalah sebagai berikut:Kurangnya transparasi dalam dan informasi penguasaan dan pemilikan tanah; Pensertifikatan tanah tidak dapat berjalan dengan cepat; Terbatasnya tenaga berkeahlian; Tuntutan ketelitian teknis yuridis dokumen yang menjadi dasar hak atas tanah memang mesti relatif akurat; Kurang lengkapnya Standar sampai saat ini; Hingga saat ini belum ada kesatuan definisi tanah adat dan tanah negara.
Potenziale von Reinforcement Learning für die Produktion
Authors:   Fraunhofer IPA, Stuttgart, Huber Marco , Nagel Tobias , Lamprecht Raphael , Eiling Florian
Published: April 2021

Reinforcement Learning (RL) konnte bereits publikumswirksam in Video- und Strategiespielen beeindruckende Erfolge erzielen [1]. Diese Grundlagenforschung schafft die Grundlagen, dass RL für reale Entscheidungsprobleme in der Produktion nutzbar wird. Beispiele hierfür sind: Wie erhält ein Roboter mehr Intelligenz, um Aufgaben selbstständiger und ohne aufwendige Programmierung durchzuführen? In welcher Reihenfolge müssen Aufträge in einer Produktion abgearbeitet werden, um eine optimale Termintreue zu erhalten? Der Beitrag gibt eine Einführung in die Arbeitsweise des RL, sowie dessen bevorzugte Einsatzgebiete und beschreibt Anwendungsbeispiele aus dem produzierenden Alltag. Das präsentierte Überblickswissen über die aktuelle Forschung soll diesen Teilbereich der Künstlichen Intelligenz einem breiteren Interessentenkreis zugänglich machen. Übergeordnetes Ziel der beschriebenen Methoden ist, die Wertschöpfung am Wirtschaftsstandort Deutschland kontinuierlich zu steigern.
Ansatz zur Zustandsbeschreibung technischer Bauteile
Authors:   Universität Bremen − BIK, Bremen, Egbert Lukas , Zitnikov Anton , Tietjen Thorsten , Thoben Klaus-Dieter
Published: April 2021

Dieser Beitrag beschreibt eine Herangehensweise für eine Predictive Maintenance-Lösung, bei der die Bauteilabnutzung technischer Systeme mithilfe eines Sensorik-Toolkits erfasst und mittels eines Prognosetools überwacht wird. Die Sensorik als auch das Prognosetool müssen flexibel ausgelegt sein, damit sie zielführend an unterschiedlichen technischen Systemen einsetzbar sind. Die Zustandsbestimmung der Bauteile erfolgt dabei nicht kontinuierlich, sondern basierend auf zeitdiskreten Messungen. Anhand der aufgenommenen Daten wird über ein Prognosemodell die wahrscheinliche Restnutzungsdauer der Bauteile prognostiziert. Für die Erstellung der Prognose dient ein Machine Learning Tool, welches mit historischen Abnutzungsverläufen trainiert wird. Die Trainingsdaten werden durch statistische Versuche erfasst, in denen die Einflussgrößen und charakteristische Verläufe verschiedener Abnutzungsarten identifiziert werden. Als Grundlage für diesen Beitrag dienen Untersuchungen an einem Rolltor, die im Rahmen des „LongLife“ Projekts durchgeführt wurden, das vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung gefördert wird. Das Forschungsvorhaben ist der Fördermaßnahme „Ressourceneffiziente Kreislaufwirtschaft – Innovative Produktkreisläufe“ (ReziProK) zugeordnet und hat eine Laufzeit von 36 Monaten.
Bibliografi Beranotasi Tentang Situs Keraton Ratu Boko
Authors: Rangkuti Nurhadi
Published: April 2021

Situs Keraton Ratu Boko yang terletak di alas bukit di daerah Prambanan, Yogyakarta, merupakan peninggalan arkeologi masa Kerajaan Mataram Kuna (abad ke-8-10 Masehi). Kompleks percandian ini terdiri dari tiga kelompok bangunan, yaitu (1) Bagian barat, berupa halaman bertingkat tiga. Ketiga halaman tersebut dihubungkan oleh gapura-gapura yang tertutup (paduraksa). Pada halaman-halaman tersebut terdapat sisa-sisa bangunan yang sekarang sudah dipugar, (2) Bagian tenggara, berupa sekelompok bangunan yang terdiri atas dua bagian. Satu bagian berupa lantai batu dengan pagar keliling dari batu. Bangunan ini disebut "pendopo". Bagian lainnya berupa kolam-kolam dengan bangunan-bangunan yang disebut "keputren", dan di sekitarnya terdapat bangunan-bangunan kecil berbentuk candi yang terletak di atas kolam-kolam, (3) bagian timurlaut, merupakan tiga buah gua yang terletak di lereng bukit. Selain ketiga kelompok tersebut, masih banyak peninggalan-peninggalan lain yang bentuk maupun fungsinya tidak jelas.
Pemasyarakatan Hasil Penelitian Arkeologi: Sebuah Kerangka
Authors: Riyanto Sugeng
Published: April 2021

Tidak akan ada yang menganggap salah jika kegiatan seperti penerbitan hasil penelitian arkeologi, pameran, penyuluhan, pertemuan ilmiah, atau bentuk publikasi yang lain dikategorikan sebagai "pemasyarakatan" hasil penelitian arkeologi. Pada dasarnya kegiatan-kegiatan tersebut adalah upaya untuk menginformasikan hasil penelitian arkeologi kepada masyarakat. Namun tentu saja tujuannya tidak sekedar memberikan informasi tanpa peduli apakah efeknya sesuai dengan yang diharapkan dan direncanakan. Sementara itu informasi menjadi operasional melalui komunikasi. Oleh karena itu penting artinya untuk memandang dan menempatkan pemasyarakatan basil penelitian arkeologi di dalam bingkai prinsip-prinsip komunikasi.
Assessment of Vehicular Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Potentials for Reduction in A University Campus: Case Study of Bayero University Kano
Authors: Mshelia Richard , Jibatswen Titus , Babarinde Funsho , Yusuf Rabo
Published: April 2021

Globally, the transport sector is responsible for the emission of 30% of all anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs) which are the main reason behind the change in the climate and accelerated warming of the globe. This research estimated the emission of GHGs from vehicles in Bayero University, Kano and also established the pattern of vehicular GHG emissions on the campus taking into consideration the peculiarities of the transport systems on Nigerian university campuses. Data for the study were collected by issuing out questionnaires to residents of the campus and then manually enumerating the number and types of vehicles entering the campus through its main entrance. Using standard guidelines for estimation of emission of GHGs, the campus’ vehicular carbon footprint was estimated and its pattern of emission established. It was found that the total annual vehicular GHGs emission for the campus is 2,360.22tCO2e, with motorcycles, sedans, buses, tricycles and trucks having 21.2%, 43.2%, 30.5%, 2% and 2.2% share of the emission respectively. Scenarios for reduction of emission on the campus were simulated, it was found that the use of bicycles in place of motorcycles and compressed natural gas buses in place of the conventional diesel and petrol powered ones have a potential of reducing emissions on the campus by 21% and 26% respectively. It was suggested that measures to curtail usage of private cars and motorcycles on the campus be introduced so as to make the transport sector sustainable and set the campus on the path to carbon neutrality.
Methylene Blue Removal by Activated Carbon from Platanus Orientalis Leaves
Authors: Toprakçı Ozan , Karahan Toprakci Hatice Aylin , Okkay Hikmet
Published: April 2021

In this study, activated carbon was produced from platanus orientalis leaves and the adsorption of methylene blue onto activated carbon was investigated. Facile chemical activation route was conducted for activation process of lignocellulosic leaves. ZnCl2 was used as activating agent with different ratios. Morphological, structural and adsorption characteristics of samples were determined by using optical microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Braunauer-Emmet-Teller spectroscopy and UV-vis spectroscopy. Surface characterization showed that activation with ZnCl2 resulted high surface area (~1024 m2 g-1) and total pore volume (~0.431 cm3 g-1) compared with crude carbonized leaves samples.
Vetiver Ve Soya Karışım Silajının Fermantasyon Kalitesi, Besleme Özellikler İle Gaz Ve Metan Üretiminin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÇİFTÇİ Beyza , AKÇURA Sevim , DORAN Turhan , OKUMUŞ Onur , TURAN Ahmet , KAPLAN Mahmut , KAMALAK Adem
Published: April 2021

Çalışmanın amacı farklı oralarda karıştırılan vitiver (V) ve soyanın (S) silaj fermentasyonu, besinsel özellikler ile gaz ve metan üretimi üzerine etkisini incelemektir. Bu amaçla vitiver ve soya bitkileri beş farklı oranda (100V%, 75%V+25%25S, 50%V+50S, 25%V+75%S ve %100S) karıştırılmıştır. İncelenen tüm özellikler üzerine karışımın etkisi istatistiksel olarak çok önemli bulunmuştur (p≤0.01).Araştırma sonuçlarına göre silaj karışımındaki soya miktarının artmasıyla kuru madde miktarı, ham protein ve ham yağ oranları artmış, ADF ve NDF oranları azalmıştır. Vitiver oranının artması pH seviyesinde düşüş, gaz ve metan üretiminde, metabolik enerji ve organik madde sindirim derecesinde, ham külde, laktik asit oranlarında artış sağlamıştır. Ancak vetiverin bir çim türü olmasına rağmen soya ile karışımda iyi bir silaj üretimi için yeterli kuru madde miktarına ve uygun pH seviyesine sahip olmadığı görülmüştür. Kökleri için yoğun yetiştirilen vitiverin toprak üstü aksamının yalın silaj olarak değerlendirilmesi veya yeni bitkilerle karışımının yapılması gerekmektedir.
Ratlarda Kurşun Asetat Kaynaklı Karaciğer Hasarı Üzerine Chrysin’ in Etkilerinin Araştırılması
Authors: COŞKUN Pınar , BENZER Fulya , KANDEMİR Fatih , YILDIRIM Serkan , KÜÇÜKLER Sefa
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışma kurşun asetat (PbA) kaynaklı karaciğer hasarı üzerine chrysinin (CH) etkilerinin araştırılması amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışmada 35 adet Sprague Dawley cinsi erkek rat, her grupta 7 rat olacak şekilde 5 gruba ayrıldı. 1. Grup (Kontrol): Oral yolla serum fizyolojik verildi. 2. Grup (CH grubu): CH (50 mg kg-1 ağırlık gün-1) 7 gün boyunca oral olarak ratlara verildi. 3. Grup (PbA grubu): PbA (30 mg kg-1) 7 gün boyunca 30 mg kg-1 PbA oral yolla ratlara verildi. 4. Grup (PbA+CH 25 grubu): 7 gün boyunca 25 mg/kg CH uygulamasından 30 dakika sonra 30 mg kg-1 PbA ratlara oral yoldan verildi. 5. Grup (PbA +CH 50 grubu): 7 gün süreyle 50 mg/kg CH uygulamasından 30 dakika sonra 30 mg kg-1 PbA ratlara oral yoldan verildi. Son uygulamadan 24 saat sonra (8.günde) ratlar hafif sevofloran anestezisi altında ötenazileri yapılarak, doku ve kan örnekleri alındı. Serumda Aspartat Aminotransferaz (AST), Alanin Aminotransferaz (ALT) ve Alkalin Fosfataz (ALP) düzeylerine, karaciğer dokusunda Malondialdehit (MDA), Glutatyon (GSH) ve Nitrik Oksit (NO.) düzeyleri ile Süperoksid Dismutaz (SOD), Katalaz (CAT), Glutatyon Peroksidaz (GSH-Px) ve Arginaz enzim aktivitelerine bakıldı. Kontrol ile kıyaslandığı zaman serum ALT, AST ve ALP düzeyleri PbA verilen grupta arttı, bu artış CH ile kısmen düzeltildi. Karaciğer MDA ve NO. düzeyleri PbA verilen gruplarda artarken, antioksidan enzim aktiviteleri ile GSH düzeyi azaldı. CH uygulanması; artan MDA ve NO. düzeylerini azalttı, azalan antioksidan enzim aktiviteleri ile GSH düzeylerini ise artırdı. Histolojik olarak bakıldığında ise, kontrol ve CH gruplarındaki ratların karaciğer dokuları normal histolojik görünümdeydi. Tek başına PbA uygulanan grup ratlarının karaciğerlerinde hepatositlerde şiddetli düzeyde nekrotik değişiklikler ve hidropik dejenerasyonlar görüldü. PbA+CH 25 grubundaki ratların karaciğerlerinde hepatositlerde orta düzeyde nekrotik değişiklikler ve hidropik dejenerasyonlar görüldü. Bu gruplarda ayrıca yer yer periportal ve perivasküler alanlarda mononükleer hücre infiltrasyonlarına rastlandı. PbA ile birlikte CH 50 uygulanan gruptaki ratların karaciğerlerinde ise nekroz, hidropik dejenerasyonlar ve mononükleer hücre infiltrasyonlarının azaldığı belirlendi. Sonuç olarak karaciğerde PbA kaynaklı hasarlarını azaltmada CH etkili olmuştur.
Prohibición de los Comentarios Reales
Authors: Valcárcel Daniel
Published: April 2021

Los Comentarios Reales del insigne mestizo cusqueño Garcilaso Chimpuocllo, es libro imprescindible para el conocimiento de la historia cultural incaica y básico monumento espiritual de la peruanidad. Ya afianzado el virreinato hispánico, grupos selectos de indios y mestizos fortalecían su espíritu con la lectura de aquel libro y cultivaban un promisor espíritu de rebeldía, que florece indiscutible durante la época borbónica. Puede afirmarse plenamente que el mensaje constructivo de peruanísima reivindicación yacente en los Comentarios Reales, juega papel fundamental en la persistencia del Perú incaico, tanto como añoranza durante el Perú colonial, cuanto como incitación a vivir desde y con el país en el Perú independiente.
La ciudad muerta
Authors: Valdelomar Abraham
Published: April 2021

---
La "Electra" de Sófocles y la "Medea" de Eurípides
Authors: Ibscher Gred
Published: April 2021

No teniendo nosotros, los aquí presentes, la envidiable suerte de poder acudir al Teatro Griego en Grecia, una famosa agrupación teatral de Atenas nos está visitando en estos días para depararnos el singular placer de algunas funciones—un drama de Sófocles y otro de Eurípides—, acontecimientos culturales que merecerán ser grabados con moldes de oro en nuestra memoria. Pese al privilegio que significa el que el Teatro Griego venga a nosotros, creo que muchos hubiéramos preferido escuchar las palabras inspiradas por el dios Diónysos en su mismo ambiente: sentados sobre las gradas soleadas del Teatro de Herodes Atticus, al pie de la Acrópolis, o en el Teatro de Epidauro, y disfrutando de una diáfana luz apolínea, de un firmamento profundamente azul, como no hay sino en Grecia.
Neuronas
Authors: Valdelomar Abraham
Published: April 2021

Muchos de mis ilustres compatriotas y no pocos de mis colegas, creerán que en este libro se trata de cuestiones de medicina o asuntos de farmacia, pues el título les hará pensar que "Neuronas" son alguna suerte ele pastillas como las Pcptonas o el Pyneleptus. Conviene que estos ilustres analfabetos que carecen de ellas, sepan, antes ele atacarme, que neuronas son cierto linaje de microorganismos, a juanera de diminutos pulpos o estrellas de radios vibrátiles, que solemos llevar unos cuantos desdichados en la corteza cerebral. Cuantío quienes lo ignoren sepan qué cosa son neuroneis, entonces, haciendo lujo y práctica de un arduo proceso imaginativo a base de lógica, comprenderán por qué estos breves comprimidos de verdad, se agrupan bajo el título ele "Neuronas".
Vida y pasión de Santiago el pajarero
Authors: Ramón Ribeyro Julio
Published: April 2021

Representación en seis cuadros
Un caso de elaboración narrativa de experiencias concretas en "La ciudad y los perros"
Authors: Lastra Pedro
Published: April 2021

Un apreciable sector de la crítica internacional que se ha referido a la novela La ciudad y los perros, del escritor peruano Mario Vargas Llosa (1), destaca cierto prurito de exactitud en el novelista, una tenaz preocupación por transmitir observaciones más o menos precisas de la realidad que constituye el sustrato de su obra. Es efectivo que el autor estudió en el Colegio Militar Leoncio Prado, plantel que sirve de escenario a gran parte de la novela; además, las cuatro ediciones de Seix Barra! se abren con un "Plano de la ciudad de Lima metropolitana", que permite seguir con fidelidad el desplazamiento de los personajes. Ambos datos —:un momento de la biografía de Vargas Llosa y la presencia de ese plano en el volumen— parecen haber condicionado negativamente a un buen número de críticos de La ciudad y los perros, con perjuicio evidente para el mejor rendimiento del análisis de una obra de estructura compleja y de riquísimo contenido simbólico.
La tragedia como fundamento estructural de "La Hojarasca"
Authors: Lastra Pedro
Published: April 2021

No conocemos ningún trabajo crítico dedicado a “La hojarasca” que atienda al sentido esclarecedor del epígrafe que Gabriel García Márquez pone al comienzo de su novela (…).

El único crítico que se detiene brevemente a considerar el epígrafe es Luis Harss, pero en él un simple comentario irónico de la situación: "Y así, como Polinices, perecer el doctor, pero no su recuerdo, ni todas las pasiones que dejó atrás, que seguirán rondando como un castigo por el pueblo". (…)

Desplegar esa dimensión de lo trágico en La hojarasca supone, necesariamente, una inteligencia clara del fundamento proporcionado por la tradición literaria, que aquí ha sido actualizado y, en más de un momento, alterado o fundido, de acuerdo con las exigencias de una estructura particular -la de la novela que examinamos-, a través de la cual  el novelista quiso expresar su percepción de realidad.
Problemática de las lenguas nacionales
Authors: Escobar Alberto
Published: April 2021

Un rótulo como el de la "Problemática de las lenguas nacionales" invita a imaginar un crucero de alternativas y, llevados un tanto o un mucho por el clima de nuestros tiempos, a la toma de conciencia de nuestra responsabilidad mancomunada e individual respecto de las lenguas nacionales y las disciplinas e instituciones que se ocupan de su estudio y enseñanza.
La pintura en sudamérica de 1910 a 1915
Authors: Stastny Francisco
Published: April 2021

La situación actual en los estudios del arte moderno de Sudamérica está muy lejos de ser propicia para una apreciación de conjunto de su historia y de su evolución. Es bien sabido que los libros sobre el tema son escasos, y los que existen son sobre todo historias nacionales de valor local. Agrégase a esto la dificultad de encontrar fotografías e ilustraciones de calidad de los principales monumentos del período.
En torno al problema del tiempo
Authors: Guzmán Jorquera Arsenio
Published: April 2021

En el presente estudio circunscribimos el análisis de ciertos aspectos del problema del tiempo al mundo físico. Consideramos que es en este plano en donde cualquier tratamiento objetivo de los problemas relacionados con el tiempo tiene que desarrollarse. En consecuencia, sostenemos que los diversos juicios que, saturados de matices emotivos, sobre el llamado tiempo subjetivo se emiten son irrelevantes, en general, en lo tocante al esclarecimiento de lo que sea el tiempo y de las propiedades que se le atribuyen.
Intervención en los procesos y modificación del futuro
Authors: Guzmán Jorquera Arsenio
Published: April 2021

Entre las nociones que intuitivamente se tiene sobre el tiempo (1), figura como una de las más destacadas la de que el pasado y el futuro pueden ser suficientemente distinguidos entre sí apelando a la convicción de que se da ante nosotros el pasado como algo cerrado y concluido, en el sentido de ser cada uno de sus eventos definitivamente inmodificable, mientras que el futuro se nos aparece como una infinidad abierta de posibilidades, de manera que éste, a diferencia del pasado, no es algo concluido ni mucho menos cerrado; el futuro, se piensa, puede ser modificado.
Lectura semiológica de un poema de Lorca
Authors: Bueno Chavez Raúl
Published: April 2021

Poesía, sin duda, el texto que antecede. Tal es el primer sentido que de él se desprende y, para ello, basta observar la distribución de su escritura.
Reflexiones sobre el arte conceptual en el Perú y sus proyecciones
Authors: Castrillon Vizcarra Alfonso
Published: April 2021

La conciencia del origen conceptual del arte puede encontrarse ya en L. B. Alberti (1436) como "disegno interno", imagen mental, bos- quejo. La frase de Leonardo "La pittura é cosa mentale..." nos remite a una idea, a una invención primero mental que se traduce luego a formas sensibles. Miguel Angel cree en el arte como "concetto" cuando dice en uno de sus sonetos:

"Non ha l'ottimo artista alcun concetto c'un marmo solo in se non circoscriva col suo soverchio; e solo a quello arriva la man che ubbidica alPinteletto" ( 1 ) .
Un fresco de Pérez de Alesio en la capilla Sistina
Authors: Stastny Francisco
Published: April 2021

Entre los murales pintados por algunos de los más célebres artis- tas del Renacimiento que decoran la Capilla Sistina se encuentran dos composiciones, que por ser obras de artistas menores del siglo XV I, no han merecido estudios muy detallados acerca de su origen y de la fecha en que fueron ejecutados. Representan la Resurrección de Cristo y el tema más desusado de la Disputa del Arcángel Miguel con el Demonio por el cuerpo de Moisés. Ambos están ubicados enfrente del Juicio Final de Miguel Angel, en la pared de entrada a la Capilla, y constituyen las últimas escenas de los ciclos de la Vida de Cristo y de la Vida de Moisés que llegan a su término en ese lugar ( 1 ) .
MINT ÜLKELERİ İÇİN TURİZM GELİRLERİNİN YAKINSAMASI: DOĞRUSAL OLMAYAN PANEL BİRİM KÖK TESTİ BULGULARI
Authors: KONAT Gökhan , HAN Ayşegül
Published: April 2021

Amaç - Dinamik bir yapısı bulunan turizm sektörü, ülke ekonomilerinde, finansal ve mali dengesizliklerin ortadan kaldırılmasında, istihdam seviyesinin yükseltilmesinde ve iktisadi kalkınmasının sağlanmasıyla kalkınma seviyesinin gelişim göstermesinde önemli bir araç durumunda ele alınmaktadır. Turizm ekonomide kazanç sağlamada, istihdamın artmasında ve ekonomide oluşan dengesizliklerin düzeltilmesinde önemli bir faktör olarak görülmektedir. Bu amaçla geleceğin ekonomisi olarak adlandırılan MINT (Meksika, Endonezya, Nijerya ve Türkiye) ülkelerinin turizm gelirlerine yönelik yakınsama hipotezinin geçerliliğinin sınanması amaçlamaktadır.

Yöntem – Çalışmada 1995-2019 dönemini kapsayan yıllık turizm gelir verileri kullanılmıştır. Doğrusal olmayan panel birim kök testi ile yapılan sınamada iki rejimli otoregresif (TAR) model kullanılmıştır. Panel TAR modelinde rejimlerin hem tek tek hem de birlikte durağanlığı sınanmaktadır.

Bulgular – İlk olarak, MINT ülkeleri için turizm gelir serisinin doğrusal olmadığı ve iki rejim arasındaki geçiş ülkesinin Meksika olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Seri hem birinci ve ikinci rejimde hem de birlikte ele alınan rejimde durağan çıkmıştır. İlk ve birlikte ele alınan rejimde nispi yakınsama söz konusu iken ikinci rejimde mutlak yakınsama söz konusudur.

Sonuç – Turizm gelirleri ekonomide kazanç sağlamada, istihdamın artmasında ve ekonomide oluşan dengesizliklerin düzeltilmesinde önemli bir araç olmaktadır.
Borrelious lymphocytoma as rare manifestation of Lyme disease
Authors: Polishchuk D.S. , Polishchuk S.Y.
Published: April 2021

In recent years, an increase in the incidence of Lyme borreliosis (Lyme disease (LD)) has been noted in the world, which causes the need for constant epidemic and clinical alertness. The causative agent of LD is Borrelia burgdorferi spirochete, transmitting agents are Ixodes ricinus mites. Migratory erythema appears at the site of mite suction, which is a marker of cutaneous manifestation of LD — an early localized (І) stage of the disease. In the presence of migratory erythema, the diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis is not difficult, but in the absence of the information about tick inoculation, the diagnosis is difficult. Timely detection and treatment of LD is important to prevent chronic disease, its progression with multiorgan lesions and complications, one of which is Borrelious lymphocytoma which refers to pathognomonic cutaneous manifestations of LD as a sign of dissemination (II or III) stage.Borreliosis lymphocytoma is diagnosed by positive serological tests — detection of antibodies to B. burgdorferi. The localization of borreliosis lymphocytoma — ear lobes, areolas of the nipples of the mammary glands, axillary cavities, occiput, scrotum, rear feet — is of decisive importance for the diagnosis. Treatment of both migratory erythema and borreliosis lymphocytoma consists of antibiotics. A rare case of borreliosis lymphocytoma is described in a patient with the disease duration of more than 15 years with the localization of the pathological process on the skin of the left ear in the area of the lobe and around it. The treatment plan was drawn up in two directions: the first included antibiotics and a synthetic drug that inhibited the activity of T lymphocytes without affecting B lymphocytes; the second one included pathogenetic drugs that increase the production of antibodies, reduce the manifestations of secondary immunodeficiency and have an anti-inflammatory effect. The pictures of the patient in dynamics are presented as she recovers. After the therapy, the patient achieved clinical recovery.
Rosacea — modern features of pathogenesis and the possibility of drug correction in the era of growing antibiotic resistance
Authors: Anfilova M.R.
Published: April 2021

The pathophysiology of rosacea is a complex process in which the following factors are important: vascular disorders, changes in the connective tissue of the dermis, microorganisms, dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract, immune disorders, changes in the sebaceous hair apparatus, oxidative stress, climatic factors, psycho-vegetative disorders, constitutional angiopathy, emotional stress, hormonal imbalance, exposure to chemical agents. Therapy for rosacea can be difficult for specialists and cause patient dissatisfaction due to a recurrent course. The treatment of severe forms of the disease is especially difficult. Traditional antibiotic therapy and correction of hormonal levels in women give a positive, but often temporary effect. Objective — to study the efficacy and tolerability of systemic isotretinoin in the treatment of papulopustular forms of rosacea. Materials and methods. The study involved 30 patients (21 women and 9 men) aged 39 to 56 years who had papulopustular rosacea. Evaluation of the effectiveness of therapy was carried out using the scale of diagnostic assessment of rosacea before and after 6 months from the start of treatment. All patients were prescribed systemic isotretinoin as monotherapy — the drug Roaccutane (F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Switzerland) in the following dose: during the 1st month — 0.3 mg/kg, during the 2th—6th months — 0.2 mg/kg once a day along with fatty foods. Results and dicsussion. Before treatment, the rosacea diagnostic scale score was (10.8 ± 0.9) points. After 6 months of therapy, it decreased 6 times and equaled to (1.8 ± 0.4) points. Conclusions. The analysis of the data obtained indicates a high efficiency of Roaccutane in the treatment of papulopustular forms of rosacea. Side effects in the form of dry skin and mucous membranes when taking Roaccutane were minor due to the low dose of the drug and were corrected with appropriate moisturizers.
COVID-­19 pandemic and chronic urticaria
Authors: Bogomolov A.Ye.
Published: April 2021

Objective — to improve the management of patients with COVID-19 and chronic urticaria (CU).Materials and methods. A review of the literature is presented and the mutual influence and principles of management of patients with COVID-19 and CU were analyzed.Results and discussion. To date, more than 106 million patients have been diagnosed with COVID-19 worldwide, and more than 2.3 million patients died in 900 countries. The prevalence of CU, defined as episodic or daily episodes of urticarial rash lasting 6 weeks or more, is approximately 1.8 % of the adult and 0.1—0.3 % of the children population. Patients with CU and their physicians are affected by social distancing, blocking, travel restrictions, and changes in treatment regimens due to the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.The pandemic has significantly worsened the level of medical care for all categories of patients with chronic diseases, and CU is not an exception. The essence of the algorithm for the treatment of CU is the prescription of modern non-sedative antihistamines as first-line drugs with the possibility of increasing their dosage by up to 4 times in the second-line therapy. Studies show that the COVID-19 pandemic does not significantly affect the use of first-, second-, and third-line CU therapies in expert centers.The ideal antihistamines should be effective in relieving symptoms, have a rapid effect and long duration of action, preferably administered once a day and not cause side effects such as drowsiness. Bilastin meets this profile for the treatment of patients with CU.Conclusions. COVID-19 significantly reduces the availability of medical care to patients with CU and negatively affects the treatment of the disease. Remote forms of counseling and control of symptoms and treatment of CU are becoming more commonly used, and the prescription of immunosuppressive therapy - more rare. Treatment of CU in patients with COVID-19 should begin with the use of modern non-sedative antihistamines, with the increase of their dose by up to 4 times if necessary.
Brief outline of the history of world epidemics-pandemics Part II. Cholera nineteenth
Authors: Fedorenko O.E. , Коlyadenko К.V.
Published: April 2021

An epidemic of any infectious disease is an invisible ruthless enemy that cannot be defeated by military, political, economic or ideological means. Humanity always reacts to such threats quite nervously and subconsciously tries to mythologize them, at least a little, in order to somehow psychologically protect itself from the real fear of imminent death. Since there is no rational defense against such a threat, people for the most part react in an irrational manner.The 19th century, almost the same as the previous centuries, «started» in epidemiological terms almost from the very beginning of its calendar. Only in contrast to the previous 18th century, the main and dominant danger was posed by another infectious pathology — cholera.In the history of medicine, over the 19th century, as many as six outbreaks of cholera epidemics were recorded since 1817. The first of them began in East Bengal and lasted 8 years (1817—1824), gradually, covering almost all India and big regions of the Middle East. It was worsened by the traditional travels of both Hindu and Muslim pilgrims to «holy places» who spread Vibrio cholerae on foot and through active communication with local residents.One of the significant reasons why cholera epidemic continued with minimal interruptions for almost the entire nineteenth century was an insufficient level of scientific knowledge in microbiology and the resulting ignorance of the causative agent of cholera — vibrio and its properties.Another factor was a complete lack of understanding by society of the need to observe at least the simplest sanitary standards in everyday life. And there was also misunderstanding among the leadership which tried to limit the next outbreak of cholera mainly by administrative measures without adequate explanations of their essence and necessity to the population.
The role of antioxidant system dysfunction in the course of gastroesophageal reflux disease in young patients with autoimmune thyroiditis
Authors: Pasiieshvili T. M.
Published: April 2021

Objective — to determine the state of the antioxidant defense system by studying the total antioxidant activity and indicators of the glutathione system in young patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT).

Materials and methods. The study involved 120 patients with GERD and AIT (mean age — 21.9 ± 2.7 уears) and 45 subjects with isolated GERD (mean age — 21.2 ± 2.4 уears). All the investigated patients were the students of higher educational institutions. The general antioxidant activity was investigated as the aggregate indicator of the first phase of antioxidant defense and the state of the glutathione link of the antioxidant system (the activity of glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase and reduced glutathione).

Results. It has been established that in patients with isolated GERD the total antioxidant activity of blood serum was significantly lower in comparison with the control group and was significantly suppressed with the addition of AIT.

The decreased synthesis of glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase and reduced glutathione was reveled at the comorbid pathologies, as well as dependence of these parameters from the morphological forms of the esophageal mucous lesions: the most intensive alterations were observed  at the erosive form of the disease.

Conclusions. The combination of GERD and AIT was accompanied by the changes in the antioxidant defense system parameters. This was manifested in the inhibition of the indicator of the total antioxidant activity and the enzymatic component of the second phase of the system — the glutathione link. These changes were dependent on the morphological form of the esophageal lesions.