bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
State regulation of Ukraine's foreign trade in a global pandemic
Authors: Honcharenko Olena , Diachenko Olha , Bykova-Fedorchuk Nataliia
Published: December 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused problems in all sectors of the world economy. There is no doubt that the pandemic will have far-reaching negative consequences for the world economy, including Ukraine. It is established that in January-September 2020, exports of Ukrainian goods decreased by almost 6%, imports – by 19%. Exports maintained large harvests of grain and oilseeds. Monitoring of changes in trade policy in the context of the spread of COVID-19 allowed to identify groups of countries that have introduced restrictive measures in trade policy: in 24 countries no export-import restrictions were introduced, in 19 countries indirect measures were implemented to protect the economy. To offset the negative effects on business, governments are developing aid packages to support it. These are mainly the following instruments: loans at reduced rates, the grace period for the payment of tax liabilities, cash grants. It was established that only some developing countries impose temporary foreign trade restrictions to avoid shortages in the domestic market. Most countries use other economic incentives to mitigate the effects of a pandemic. Ukraine is implementing economic measures and temporary trade restrictions to counter the pandemic. In particular, the Government of Ukraine introduced temporary restrictions on exports with the establishment of a zero quota for alcohol, buckwheat and anti-epidemic goods. The alcohol export ban not only did not worsen the situation on Ukraine's foreign markets, but also marked almost triple their extension. The embargo on buckwheat and grain exports from Ukraine has tripled imports. Despite the embargo on exports of anti-epidemic goods, trade did not stop, but even increased significantly for some commodity subheadings. The results of the study allowed to identify measures to mitigate the effects of the pandemic in trade and economic cooperation of Ukraine on the international arena.
Customer Satisfaction on Online Shopping at Villuppuram District
Authors: Vidhya Prof. G. , Santhanakannan Dr. A.
Published: December 2020

We use a large variety of goods and services in our daily life. These include items like toothpaste, toothbrush, soap, oil, clothes, food items, telephone, electricity and many more. How do all these goods and services reach our home? Obviously the business houses who produce the goods and services have to ensure that these are to be sold, and so they have to make the consumers/users aware of their products and place them at points convenient to the consumers. This involves a number of activities such as product planning, pricing, promotion, use of middlemen (wholesalers, retailer etc.) for sale warehousing, transportation etc.
Modified Simulated Annealing Algorithm (MSAA) for DC-DC Converters
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering Nagpur, India., B.S Sudame , S. G Kadwane ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering Nagpur, India., R. S Somalwar ,   Department  of Electrical Engineering, Bajaj Institute of Technology, Wardha, India.
Published: December 2020

Performance of Neural Network based Model Reference Adaptive Controller is influenced by the requirement of a plant Emulator or evaluation of plant derivatives. This paper addresses a Simulated Annealing (SA) based MSAA algorithm to improve the response without evaluating the exact plant derivatives or constructing a plant Emulator for buck-converter.
When public spending goes local: agricultural expenditure at a key stage in Ghana’s decentralisation reform
Authors: Tewodaj Mogues  , Kwaku Owusu-Baah
Published: December 2020

This paper provides a qualitative analysis that highlights the implications on agricultural services of a key stage in decentralisation reforms in Ghana. We assess the status of agricultural expenditure decentralisation and draw out the likely implications for agricultural service delivery and national strategies. The study finds that agricultural officers at all levels (national, regional and district) had concerns about the implementation of the new decentralisation reform. These included budget cuts and delays in releases that coincided with the reform period; the transfer of staff from the civil service to the local government service; and a sense that agriculture may receive less attention when allocation of government resources becomes the preserve of assemblies and district chief executives, rather than the central agricultural ministry. The structural changes also meant that agricultural local government staff now needed to learn to ‘market’ the value of their public services to local government leadership, in order to protect resources for agriculture. The decentralisation reform also necessitated new public expenditure reporting practices to ensure a clear overview of sectoral spending across government tiers.
Regiospecific substitution of the β-vinylic sp2 carbon of cyclohexenones bearing the α-chloro- and β-tosylate-groups: Single crystal XRD/Hirshfeld surface/in-silico studies of three representative compounds
Authors: Chakravart Arkalgud Satyanarayana Jeevan , Prasad Suresh Hari
Published: December 2020

2-Chloro-3-tosyl-5,5-dimethyl-2-cyclohexenone was subjected to a series of regiospecific Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions in suspensions of nine different substituted boronic acids, Pd(OAc)2, P(Ph3)3, K3PO4 and 1,4-dioxane solvent, under sealed tube conditions. The regiospecific substitution of the tosyl-group by the aryl group in preference over the chloride- group was observed. A comparison between the bromo- and tosylate group’s reactivities is highlighted. Using the methodology, the products: 2-chloro-3-aryl-5,5-dimethyl-2-cyclohexenones were isolated in greater than 85% yields. Good quality crystals of three representative compounds were obtained by slow evaporation technique and subjected to single crystal XRD studies, Hirshfeld surface analysis, 3-D energy framework, and molecular docking studies. Crystal data for compound 3; C15H17ClO4S: monoclinic, space group P21/c (no. 14), a = 8.8687(3) Å, b = 10.5537(4) Å, c = 16.6862(7) Å, β = 89.807(3)°, V = 1561.78(10) Å3, Z = 4, T = 290 K, μ(MoKα) = 0.390 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.398 g/cm3, 13623 reflections measured (6.716° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 54.962°), 3570 unique (Rint = 0.0467, Rsigma = 0.0512) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0452 (I > 2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.1019 (all data). Crystal data for compound 5e; C20H18O2FCl: monoclinic, space group P21/c (no. 14), a = 6.4900(5) Å, b = 18.6070(13) Å, c = 14.2146(11) Å, β = 102.324(2)°, V = 1677.0(2) Å3, Z = 4, T = 296(2) K, μ(MoKα) = 0.239 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.309 g/cm3, 25575 reflections measured (6.262° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 52.224°), 3283 unique (Rint = 0.0494, Rsigma = 0.0307) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0875 (I > 2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.2056 (all data). Crystal data for compound 5h; C12H13OSCl: triclinic, space group P-1 (no. 2), a = 6.7517(6) Å, b = 8.8376(9) Å, c = 12.6049(12) Å, α = 109.538(3)°, β = 98.597(3)°, γ = 90.417(3)°, V = 699.52(12) Å3, Z = 2, T = 290 K, μ(MoKα) = 0.410 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.376 g/cm3, 28754 reflections measured (6.114° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 59.288°), 3898 unique (Rint = 0.0544, Rsigma = 0.0349) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.1101 (I > 2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.2481 (all data).
Synthesis of mono and bis-substituted asymmetrical compounds, (1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene)carbonohydrazide and 1-(2'-hydroxybenzylidene)-5-(1'-pyridylethylidene)carbonohydrazone: Structural characterization and antioxidant activity study
Authors: Seck Thierno Moussa , Faye Fatou Dieng , Gaye Aissatou Alioune , Thiam Ibrahima Elhadji , Diouf Ousmane , Gaye Mohamed , Retailleau Pascal
Published: December 2020

Carbonohydrazide was used for synthetizing a new dissymmetrical bis-substituted Schiff base 1-(2'-hydroxybenzylidene)-5-(1'-pyridylethylidene)carbonohydrazone (2). A mono substituted compound (1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene)carbonohydrazide (1) was firstly prepared by condensation reaction of carbonohydrazide and 2-acetylpyridine in 1:1 ratio. Secondly, compound 2 was obtained by condensation reaction of compound 1 and salicylaldehyde in 1:1 ratio. The prepared compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy techniques, and the structure of compound 2 was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction study. The compound 2 (C15H15N5O2) crystallises in the monoclinic space group P21/c with the following unit cell parameters: a = 8.3683(3) Å, b = 13.9986(4) Å, c = 12.1610(4) Å, β = 97.512(3)°, V = 1412.37(8) Å3, Z = 4, T = 100(2) K, μ(MoKα) = 0.098 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.398 g/cm3, 6057 reflections measured (5.708° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 54.962°), 6057 unique (Rsigma = 0.0395) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0474 (I > 2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.1971 (all data). The oxygen atom O1 and the azomethine nitrogen atom N5 adopt cis-configuration relative to the C8-N4 bond, while O1 adopts trans-configuration with the azomethine nitrogen atom N2 relative to C8-N3 bond. The crystal packing of compound 2 is stabilized by intramolecular O(phenol)–H···N(carbohydrazide) and intermolecular N (carbohydrazide)–H···O (carbo-hydrazide) hydrogen bonds which form layers parallel to [010] axis. Additional C–H···O hydrogen bond consolidate the structure. The carbonohydrazide moiety C=N–N–C(O)–N–N=C fragment and the phenyl ring are almost coplanar; with an angle of 1.73(1)° between their means plans. The dihedral angle between the mean planes of the phenyl and the pyridine rings is 22.267(2)°.
Synthesis of bis-azobenzene derivatives with reactive bromohexyl unit and carboxylic acid group based on Disperse Yellow 7
Authors: Darabut Alina Madalina , Purikova Olha Hennadiivna , Lobko Yevheniia Volodymyrivna
Published: December 2020

In this work, two types of azobenzene derivatives based on Disperse Yellow 7 (DY7, 4-[4-(phenylazo)phenylazo]-o-cresol) were synthesized, which are bis-azobenzenes bearing flexible functional 6-bromohexyl chain or carboxylic acid moiety. The first one was synthesized by alkylation of DY7 with an excess of 1,6-dibromohexane in the presence of a mild base (K2CO3). The second one (azo dye with carboxylic acid functionality) was obtained by the alkaline hydrolysis of the ester bond of the newly obtained DY7 derivative with the ethoxycarbonyl group. The synthesized compounds were characterized by different spectral analytical techniques such as 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR, and UV-Vis. They can be employed for the synthesis of a wide variety of azo-based materials, which may be suitable for photochromic systems and molecular electronics applications.
Efficient synthesis of diversely substituted pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives promoted by ultrasound irradiation in water and their antibacterial activities
Authors: Das Susma , Khanikar Shilpika , Kaping Shunan , Roy Jayanti Datta , Sen Arnab , Helissey Philippe , Vishwakarma Jai Narain
Published: December 2020

A green synthetic route leading to the discovery of a series of diversely substituted pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines, having CO2Et group embedded at position-2 has been unraveled in this article. A series of formylated active proton compounds that were chosen to react with a carboxylate substituted-3-aminopyrazole under ultrasonic irradiation in the presence of a mild acid as a catalyst and aqueous ethanol medium afforded the desired products. The molecular structures of all these synthesized compounds were established by their spectral and analytical data. A model molecule 3d, subjected to single-crystal X-ray crystallography analysis further confirms their molecular structure. The crystal crystallized to a monoclinic cell with P21/c space group, a = 7.468 (5) Å, b = 27.908 (17) Å, c = 7.232 (4) Å, β = 104.291 (7)o, V =1460.7(15) Å3, Z = 4, μ(MoKα) = 0.096 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.352 Mg/m3 16667 measured reflection (5.63 ≤ 2Θ ≤ 57.57°), 3720 unique (Rint = 0.0965, Rsigma = 0.0945) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0750 (I > 2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.2226 (all data). These compounds were further explored for their antibacterial potential, and a few of them have exhibited encouraging results.
Synthesis, X-ray structure, and DFT analysis of a binary complex of 3,3'-[(3-benzimidazolyl)methylene]bis(4-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one): 5-Methyl-1,3-thiazol-2(3H)-imine
Authors: Sharma Gopal , Uppal Anshul , Anthal Sumati , Deshmukh Madhukar Baburao , Mohire Priyanka Pandharinath , Bhosale Tanaji Ramchandra , Sudarsanakumar Chellappanpillai , Kant Rajni
Published: December 2020

A combined theoretical and experimental investigation on a pharmaceutically important binary complex 3,3'-[(3-benzimidazolyl)methylene]bis(4-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one): 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2(3H)-imine is presented in this manuscript. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system with space group Cc with unit cell parameters: a = 19.8151(8) Å, b = 15.2804(6) Å, c = 8.3950(4) Å, β = 94.0990(10)°, V = 2535.36(19) Å3, Z = 4, T = 296(2) K, μ(MoKα) = 0.184 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.490 g/cm3, 35833 reflections measured (5.332° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 56.678°), 6168 unique (Rint = 0.0467, Rsigma = 0.0388) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0435 (I > 2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.1073 (all data). The crystal structure has been determined by the conventional X-ray diffraction method, solved by direct methods and refined by the full matrix least squares procedure. Intramolecular hydrogen bonding of the type C–H⋅⋅⋅O and O–H⋅⋅⋅O is present and the crystal structure stabilizes via N–H…O, C–H…N and O–H…N intermolecular interactions. The optimized structural parameters have been compared and the parameters like ionization potential, electron affinity, global hardness, electron chemical potential, electronegativity, and global electrophilicity based on HOMO and LUMO energy values were calculated at B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level of theory for a better understanding of the structural properties of the binary complex.
Synthesis, crystal structures and antimicrobial activity of palladium metal complexes of sulfonyl hydrazone ligands
Authors: Tadavi Samina Karimkha , Bendre Ratnamala Subhash , Patil Satish Vittal , Gaguna Shubha , Rajput Jamatsing Darbarsing
Published: December 2020

Palladium complexes of sulfonyl hydrazone based ligands have been prepared by refluxing with the corresponding ligands and Pd(II) salt in 2:1 ratio. The compounds have been characterized by FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopic methods. The crystal structure of the prepared palladium complexes has been determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallographic technique. Crystal data for C40H50N4O6PdS2 (PMHT-Pd(II) complex): triclinic, space group P-1 (no. 2), a = 7.1561(6) Å, b = 12.1300(11) Å, c = 12.6117(17) Å, α = 63.498(11)°, β = 86.694(9)°, γ = 81.451(7)° and Z = 1. The final R1 was 0.0699 (I > 2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.1834 (all data). Crystal data for C36H42N4O6PdS2 (PTHC-Pd(II) complex): monoclinic, space group P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.6726(2) Å, b = 20.8824(4) Å, c = 10.3351(2) Å, β = 104.429(2)° and Z = 2. The final R1 was 0.0344 (I > 2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.0840 (all data). Crystal data for C36H42N4O6PdS2 (PTHT-Pd(II) complex): monoclinic, space group P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.7658(2) Å, b = 10.0488(3) Å, c = 18.7714(4) Å, β = 99.602(2)° and Z = 2. The final R1 was 0.0334 (I > 2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.0832 (all data). Crystal data for C40H50N4O6PdS2 (PMHC-Pd(II) complex): triclinic, space group P-1 (no. 2), a = 10.2070(9) Å, b = 12.1841(13) Å, c = 16.8879(19) Å, α = 109.005(6)°, β = 90.061(5)°, γ = 99.032(5)° and Z = 2. The final R1 was 0.0822 (I > 2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.2293 (all data). The single-crystal structure data showed a good agreement with the experimental results. The synthesized complexes were screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against one Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and two Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) bacterial strains and for in vitro antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus. The PTHC-Pd(II) complex possesses the nearby significant antifungal activity analogous to the standard drug fluconazole against selected fungal strains Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus Flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus as well as the same complex showed the antibacterial activity for Staphylococcus aureus as comparable to standard ofloxacin drug.
A highly sensitive and selective spectrophotometric method for the determination of vanadium at nanotrace levels in some environmental, biological, soil, food, and pharmaceutical samples using salicylaldehyde-benzoylhydrazone
Authors: Abrarin Shaifa , Ahmed Mohammed Jamaluddin
Published: December 2020

A very simple, non-extractive and new spectrophotometric method for the swift determination of trace amount of vanadium using salicylaldehyde-benzoylhydrazone (Sal-BH) has been developed. Sal-BH undergoes a reaction in a slightly acidic solution (0.0016-0.0032 M H2S04) with vanadium to give a light greenish-yellow chelate, which has an absorption maximum at 392 nm. The reaction is instantaneous and absorbance remains stable for over 24 hrs. The average molar absorption co-efficient and Sandell’s sensitivity were found to be 2.5039×105 L/mol.cm and 1.0 ng/cm2 V, respectively. Beer’s law was obeyed for 0.001-30 mg/L of V, providing a detection limit of 0.1 µg/L of V and RSD 0-2 %. The stoichiometric composition of the chelate is 1:1 (V:Sal-BH). Interference study shows that a large excess of over 60 cations, anions, and some common complexing agents (such as chloride, azide, tartrate, EDTA and SCN‑, etc.) satisfy the tolerance limit. The developed method was successfully used in the determination of vanadium in several standard reference materials as well as in some environmental waters, biological fluids, soil, food and pharmaceutical samples and solutions containing both vanadium (IV) and vanadium (V). The results of the proposed method for assessing biological, food and vegetable samples were comparable with ICP-OES and AAS were found to be in excellent agreement. The method has high precision and accuracy (s = ±0.01 for 0.5 mg/L).
Editorial Board
Authors: Arslan Hakan
Published: December 2020

Editorial Board
Leibniz on Locke on Mathematical Knowledge
Authors: Carson Emily
Published: December 2020

In the New Essays on Human Understanding, Leibniz sets out a number of apparently disparate objections to Locke’s account of mathematical knowledge in the Essay Concerning Human Understanding. The purpose of this paper is to try to unify these objections and, more importantly, to argue that they identify a genuine tension in Locke’s treatment of mathematical knowledge in the Essay.
A Ridiculous Plan
Authors: Dawson Hannah
Published: December 2020

‘I am not so vain to think’, wrote Locke in his Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690) ‘that any one can pretend to attempt the perfect reforming the languages of the world, no not so much as that of his own country, without rendring himself ridiculous’. It seems highly probable that among the objects of Locke’s scorn were the universal or philosophical language planners, whose extravagant movement was approaching its unhappy end when he was formulating his masterpiece in the 1670s and ’80s. This article investigates what it was about their plans that made Locke jeer. While their schemes varied considerably, all were broadly con- cerned to map precisely and transparently the order of thoughts and things, often by means of ‘real characters’—written signs which can be understood by people who speak different languages. These projects were informed by a diverse and overlapping assortment of motivations and beliefs, such as irenicism, millenarianism, and Latitudinarianism, but two ambitions run prominently, if not completely, through the movement. The first looked to restore the Adamic harmony between language, mind, and world, whereby words would deliver knowledge of nature, and thereby read God’s other book in an act of piety. The second was that language should be universal. While the two overlap, in so far as the unity of the world vouchsafes semantic uniformity, and while commentators have often, and rightly, paid attention to the first of these ambitions, I am going to focus on the second. The goal to renovate a language which could be understood by all was nurtured in the shadow of Babel, and sparked by those injunctions of Francis Bacon which shaped the movement as a whole. Certain passages of The Advancement of Learning (1605), and especially of its Latin version, De dignitate et augmentis scientiarum (1623), exhorted philosophers to inquire further into ‘the notes of things and cogitations’. In particular, Bacon proposed that a ‘philosophical grammar’ might serve as ‘an antidote against the curse of the confusion of tongues’. In his Academiarum examen (1654), John Webster agreed that a ‘universal character’ would repair ‘the ruines of Babell’. The otherwise often distinctive voice of George Dalgarno chimed in with the promise in his first broadsheet, Character Universalis (1657), that by means of his ‘universal character’, ‘men of all nations may enjoy the benefit of conversing one with another’. And in his dedicatory letter to leading lights of the movement John Wilkins and Seth Ward, which prefaces his second broadsheet (Tables of the Universal Character, 1657), Dalgarno explained that what follows is intended ‘towards the releife of the confusion of languages’. Drawing on widespread, often tacit, suppositions, the planners premised their belief in the possibility of a shared language on the assumption that the entities which words represent are shared, that the meanings of words are the same for all.
Review of Locke: A Biography by Roger Woolhouse
Authors: Chappell Vere
Published: December 2020

This is only the third full-scale biography of Locke to be published in the 300 years since his death in 1704. At least two others, however, are said to be in the works: one by Mark Goldie, the other by John Milton, both eminent Locke scholars. It is true that both of these projects are described on their authors’ web sites as ‘intellectual’ biographies, but the range of writings on Locke that both have already published suggests that their focus will be no more limited than Woolhouse’s is in his ‘Biography’. Woolhouse gives full accounts of Locke’s non-intellectual activities and of the social and historical context within which he worked. But he also pays a lot of attention to his subject’s intellectual development and accomplishment.
INFRAESTRUTURA E DESEMPENHO ESCOLAR NA PROVA BRASIL: ASPECTOS E CONEXÕES
Authors: Junio Marques Soares Denilson , Emidio Andrade Soares Talita , Dos Santos Wagner
Published: December 2020

Este artigo apresenta um estudo exploratório sobre infraestrutura escolar, e analisa suas conexões com o desempenho de estudantes dos anos finais do ensino fundamental, na Prova Brasil. Para isto, foram utilizadas técnicas de estatística descritiva e inferencial. Os resultados indicam que as escolas brasileiras, especialmente as das regiões Norte e Nordeste, ainda possuem deficiências de infraestrutura e que algumas políticas públicas adotadas não têm alcançado o efeito esperado. Destaca-se a significativa contribuição de fatores como presença de laboratório de informática e internet, quadra de esportes, dependências PNE, coleta de lixo e auditório para o bom desempenho escolar na avaliação analisada. Espera-se que os resultados obtidos possam ser úteis para orientar políticas públicas e despertem um maior interesse na discussão dos impactos das condições materiais do ambiente escolar na qualidade da educação.
CORONAVÍRUS E DESIGUALDADES EDUCACIONAIS: REPOSICIONANDO O DEBATE
Authors: Dos Santos Reis Diego
Published: December 2020

O ensaio traz algumas questões e apontamentos sobre o impacto do novo coronavírus nos processos educativos, com especial atenção para o aprofundamento das desigualdades educacionais em situações de emergência global. Trata-se de tensionar tanto as estratégias adotadas por instituições de ensino, com o predomínio das mediações tecnológicas e utilização de ferramentas digitais, quanto os desafios de educar democraticamente no contexto atual. Finalmente, questionamos: qual o papel e quais são os limites das práticas educativas a distância em um país marcado por desigualdades estruturais?
No berçário, quantos tons tem o azul? Entre bebês, cirandas, livros e pigmentos
Authors: Dornelles Leni Vieira , Abreu B´árbara
Published: December 2020

RESUMO:

O artigo se propõe a mostrar o trabalho desenvolvido em um berçário com bebês, com idade entre zero a dois anos em uma Escola Infantil de Porto Alegre. Nele, levamos para as crianças a indagação: “Quantos tons tem o azul?”. Tal questionamento propiciou uma sequência de propostas que pretendiam explorar as tonalidades de diferentes objetos, materialidades e texturas da cor azul. Foram organizados diferentes ambientes para a investigação.  Inspiramos-nos em obras da literatura infantil e em explorações de misturas e tinturas fazendo uso de propostas de tom sobre tom de azuis. Buscamos um diálogo com as explorações de livros, poemas e ciranda para tentar dar visibilidade ao como os bebês nos mostram os modos como apreendem o mundo ao seu redor.
Evaluation of Fetal Central Nervous System Anomalies; Perinatology Council Data of a Reference Center
Authors: Koyuncu Arslan Meltem , Akar Melek , Pala Halil Gürsoy , Taner Cüneyt Eftal , Öncel Mehmet Yekta
Published: December 2020

INTRODUCTION: Central nervous system (CNS) anomalies are the second most common congenital malformations detected during antenatal period. Rates of prenatal diagnosis are aroung 96% in anencephaly, but drops down to approximately 14 % in migration anomalies.We aimed to determine the frequency and features of CNS anomalies evaluated in the perinatology council of our hospital where high-risk pregnancies were discussed and also to emphasize the importance of antenatal diagnosis. METHODS: Pregnant women, with a CNS anomaly detected in their fetus, who were evaluated between January 2019-December 2019 in the perinatology council of Tepecik Training and Research Hospital were included in the study. Retrospectively, the records of the cases were examined, prenatal, and maternal risk factors at the time of council session, the council decision and the results were recorded. Statistical analyzes were done using SPSS 20.0 program. RESULTS: Data of 1272 pregnant women were evaluated in the study, and 261 cases (20.5%) with CNS anomalies were detected. A total of 129 pregnant women were excluded from the study because follow-up of these patients were not realized in our center or they didn’t give birth yet.. Totally, 132 pregnant women were included in the study. The mean maternal age was 26.99±6.50 (14-42) years, the mean gestational age was 22.63±7.08 (10.4-38.6) weeks. Most common CNS anomalies detected were neural tube defects (n=54; 40%), hydrocephalus/ventriculomegaly (n=36; 27%), migration defects (n=21; 15%) and cerebellar malformations (n=9; 6%). Termination of pregnancy was decided for 29.8% (n=78) of pregnant women, but realized only for 62 pregnancies. Among pregnancies which were decided to be continued due to the fact that gestational week was 22 weeks or more (n=51), had fetuses with neural tube defects (n=25; 50%) and hydrocephalus/ventriculomegaly (n=36; 27%) with poor prognosis. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: As the anomalies with high morbidity and mortality were referred to our hospital after the 22nd gestational week, termination option could not be offered to these pregnancies. High-risk pregnancies should be directed to perinatology centers in the early period so that this option can be presented to the family, appropriate follow-up and treatment of life-compatible ones.
Karyotype Evaluation in Patients with Premature Ovarian Failure
Authors: Akdöner Aslı , Celiloğlu Murat , Çağlıyan Erkan
Published: December 2020

INTRODUCTION: Chromosome anomalies are one of the major causes of premature ovarian failure and the importance of chromosome analysis in reproductive management has been confirmed. Numerical and structural chromosome anomalies, especially structural anomalies of the X chromosome, X-autosome translocations and X-chromosome aneuploidies, are the chromosome anomalies most commonly described in the literature. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the frequency and type of chromosomal anomalies in the patients with premature ovarian failure admitted to our clinic and to discuss the findings in the light of current literature and to provide guidance to new studies. METHODS: The files of the patients, who were diagnosed with premature ovarian failure between 2002 and 2017, were screened from the archive of the division of reproductive endocrinology and infertility in the department of obstetrics and gynecology at our center. 65 patients were included in the study. Information about age, smoking, alcohol use, age at menarche and menapose, hormone replacement therapy usage, additional disease and obstetric history were obtained from files. The laboratory results of the patients were obtained from files. FSH, LH, estradiol, prolactin, TSH, fT3, fT4, Anti-TPO, Anti-TG, TRAB, cortisol, ANA, Insulin, fasting blood glucose, LDL, HDL, triglyceride, total cholesterol, anti-Mullerian hormone levels were recorded from files. The karyotype results were recorded from files. RESULTS: The mean age at diagnosis was 32.6 years.The mean body mass index was 23.4(kg/m²). 60(92.3%) had normal karyotype(46+XX). 5(7.7%) had abnormal karyotype(4 had 46+XX/45+X and 1 had 46+XY/45+X). The mean value of fT3 is significantly higher in cases with normal karyotype(p: 0.019). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Considering the high rate of X chromosome loss in patients with premature ovarian failure, we can say that premature ovarian failure manifests itself in a wide spectrum. In conclusion, it can be said that cytogenetic studies should be evaluated routinely in cases with premature ovarian failure regardless of age.
From Theory to Science: Publication Characteristics of Medical Thesis Composed by Anesthesia Reanimation Residents in Turkey
Authors: Yılmaz Ferhatoğlu Sibel , Kudsioğlu Türkan , Yapici Nihan
Published: December 2020

INTRODUCTION: Completing a medical thesis (MT) is regarded as a complementary component of residency training in Turkey. We believe, announcing these precious scientific records in worldwide accepted scientific journals is the most reliable way to promote their accessibility. In the presented research, our aim is to examine the publication statistics and the scientific quality of the MT written in the field of Anesthesiology and Reanimation (A&R). METHODS: We collected the data about MTs from the web-site of the National Thesis data center of the Academic Educational Board in Turkey, and scanned the author name, title, and keywords of the MTs in the search engines of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Turkish Academic Network and Information Center Turkish Database. RESULTS: Between the years 1975-2019, three thousand three hundred and fifty-two MTs were published, and we accessed to full texts of 1207 (36%) MTs. The publication rate was 11.3% (n=137), and 76 (55.4%) of these theses were published in a journal indexed in SCI/SCIE databases. MTs focusing on peripheral blocks, algology, and the subjects related to the problems in outpatient clinics had higher publication rates (p=0.003; p=0.022; p=0.014, respectively). According to Levels of Evidence and Grades of Recommendation System only 21 MTs were in Level III (15.3%). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: MTs in the field of A&R have low publication rates. The foremost cause of the problem is that most MTs have low scientific evidence levels.
A rare clinical finding of posterior urethral valve: Recurrent epididymo-orchitis
Authors: Mollaoğlu Serdar , Tilev Sırma Mine , Bosnalı Okyav , Celayir Ayşenur
Published: December 2020

Recurrent epididymo-orchitis is a rare condition in children. Considering that obstructive infravesical pathologies, such as posterior urethral valves, may cause recurring epididymo-orchitis in children, a thorough examination of the genito-urinary system will prove essential for the diagnosis and treatment of the main pathology. We herein present a case of posterior urethral valve presenting with recurrent episodes of epididymo-orchitis.
Üç boyutlu biyo-üretim: İlk izlenimlerimiz ve Çocuk Cerrahisindeki potansiyeli
Authors: Mammadov Emil , Aytaç Ersin , Türk Ali , Akkaya Nurullah , Say Görkem , Yılmaz Berk , Bürge Gökhan , Yırtıcı Tolga , Kırgül Ertunç
Published: December 2020

Objective: The objective of the study was to design and produce a 3D bioprinter and to evaluate its potential uses in the field of Pediatric Surgery. The design and production of the device whose coordinates could be given with computer-controlled code and having the ability to move in three axes and print the contents of the cartridge on the stationary print bed were realized at the university 3D design and printing laboratories. The Ferret programming language was used for programming and exterior design was made according to the standard laminar cabin dimensions. A 20% gelatin (Sigma Aldrich, MI, USA) solution was used for three-dimensional bioprinting tests. For test bioprints scaffold model used in the field of tissue engineering, for open wound experimental dressing model and for organ-like structures ear model were selected. Scaffold structure was designed with Solidworks (Dassault Systemes,Velizy-Villacoublay, FR) software and open wound experimental dressing model was designed in Fusion360 (Autodesk, CA, USA) software. As an organ-like model, the ear structure has been segmented from the computed tomography images with Synapse3D (Fujifilm, Tokyo, JP) software and converted into “.stl” file. Our device was produced as a machine that can move in the x, y and z axes and can press the sterile syringe contents into the Petri dish in three dimensions. The three-dimensional prints of the scaffold, the experimental wound dressing model obtained from the wound photo and organ model obtained from the CT scan were successfully bioprinted. We think that three-dimensional bioprinters have a great potential in tissue engineering studies in the field of pediatric surgery and will add a brand-new dimension to our research capabilities. We conceive that recurrent cases of hypospadias which especially need tissue reinforcement, diaphragmatic and anterior abdominal wall defects seem to be the primary areas of study.
Transition to practice: Supporting first year nurses within a collaborative faith based graduate program
Authors: Russell Kylie P. , Coventry Tracey H. Coventry
Published: December 2020

Objective: Faith-based organisations play a major role in health care in Australia providing a unique service supported by compassionate and concerned staff. In response to the changing Australian health care landscape the increasing demands placed on first year registered nurses, a graduate program provided in partnership with a Catholic University, engages students in academic and clinical learning. The study aimed to determine if the provision of nursing care in the context of catholic faith and values provides first year nurses with a supportive learning environment.Methods: This study used a mixed method explanatory sequential design in two phases: (1) quantitative online surveys sent to graduate nurses (n = 60) to report on their perceptions of work integrated learning prior to and during their first year of nursing at the private catholic hospital; and (2) focus groups were conducted to explore key themes in further detail. The evaluation occurred at both the halfway and the end point of the 12-month Graduate Program. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and theming of the text data to identify emergent ideas.Results: The findings suggest that the graduate nurses felt engaged with the programs academic and clinical learning outcomes. This was achieved in a supportive pastoral care environment underpinned by catholic faith and values.Conclusions: The Graduate Program in collaboration with a Catholic University School of Nursing and Midwifery has provided a positive learning experience and support structure for its first year registered nurses with the achievement of a formally recognised qualification.
Are Early Period Maladaptive Schemas Effective in Adolescence? Their Effect on Parenting Styles and the Need for Social Approval
Authors: Ekşi Halil , Okan Nesrullah , Dinç Serra
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study is to examine the mediating effect of early maladaptive schemas in the relationship between parenting style and the need social approval. In this study, scales were applied to 379 university students and analyzes were conducted in line with their answers. As a result of the final analysis, it was concluded that the high standard scheme had an intermediary role effect between parenting style and the need social approval.Positive studies on early childhood schemes in psychotherapy can help people to solve their problems.
The Antecedents of Job Satisfaction amongst Academicians: An Empirical Evidence from a Malaysian Private University
Authors: Thomas Shireen Shymala , Santhiran Sathiavani M. , Malan Irfah Najihah Basir , Mackechnie Ian , Chua William
Published: December 2020

Job satisfaction has always been a prevalent area of interest around the globe. Generally, job satisfaction amongst academicians is inspired by several constructs which follow several theoretical assumptions. Many job satisfaction antecedents have been recommended based on the principles as stated by higher education institutions. This paper provides an extensive critical analysis whether the economic and environmental factors could influence the job satisfaction amongst academicians in a Malaysian private university. This antecedent is extensively investigated in literature and most of them are observed from the Western countries’ viewpoints. Despite the comprehensiveness of the empirical research on job satisfaction in the West, previous research investigating on job satisfaction antecedents in the Malaysian higher education institutions particularly in private universities remain scarce. As a result, this study provides empirical evidence from a Malaysian perspective on job satisfaction antecedents. The study surveys a sample of 198 respondents (99.0% usable response rate) which were duly completed and returned to the study. The findings showed relationships were significant among the constructs developed in assessing job satisfaction. The dimension of human resources policies is the most contributing factor. It could be concluded that the economic and environmental factors significantly influence the job satisfaction amongst academicians with several imperative constructs. The management of universities in Malaysia need to identify best practices that could provide maximum job satisfaction benefits to the academicians. This paper will contribute towards literature of job satisfaction, whereby lead to enhancing higher education institution performance in Malaysia, especially for private universities.
A Framework Used for Analysis of User Experience in Games
Authors: Carvalho Vitor Marques , Furtado Elizabeth Sucupira
Published: December 2020

The gaming industry has grown considerably in the last decades, designing experiences and interactive platforms through games, a popular culture entertainment medium. With the advancement of technologies and user experience design methods, a challenge is faced for the constant improvement of game characteristics aiming to improve pleasurability and immersion perceived by its users. To face this challenge, we designed a conceptual framework named GLIMPSE based on constructs used to evaluate user experiences with games. Its applicability was tested through a questionnaire that collected 241 valid responses from users of gaming forums and communities. An analysis was drawn to identify correlations between the data collected from the questionnaire, and its results revealed significant statistical data highlighting age and gender-wise differences from participants’ opinions.
Reconhecimento de atividades humanas baseado na análise de fluxo contínuo de dados simbólicos
Authors: Lima Wesllen Sousa , Souto Eduardo J. P.
Published: December 2020

Smartphones sensing capabilities have enabled the development of Human Activity Recognition (HAR) solutions for better understanding human behavior through computational techniques. However, these solutions have been difficult to perform in dynamic scenarios because they do not observe data evolution over time and the high consumption of computational resources, such as memory, processing and energy. This occurs because the HAR problem for smartphones has been solved through classification models generated by offline machine learning algorithms that, in this case, are limited by a data history with little information about human activities. The problem with this approach is that human activities change constantly over time and are strongly influenced by the physical environment and the user’s profile. To overcome these problems this doctoral thesis proposes a new approach to recognize human activities based on the symbolic data streaming analysis. Our approach enables the development of low-cost, scalable HAR systems capable of adapting to data change over time. In this con- text, this thesis proposes a framework called DISTAR (DIscrete STream learning for Activity Recognition), responsible for standardizing the analysis of data stream process and generation of adaptive models that observe the data evolution over time without storing a data history. The DISTAR framework uses the symbolic representation algorithms known for reducing the dimensionality and numerosity of the data. In addition, this thesis also proposes a new adaptive online algorithm, called NOHAR (NOvelty discrete data stream for Human Activity Recognition), which uses as basis the DISTAR framework. Experimental results using three databases show that NOHAR is 13 times faster compared to the state of the art and is able to reduce memory consumption by an average of 99.97.
Classification and Persistence Analysis of Tie Strength on GitHub
Authors: Moura Ana Flávia C. , Oliveira Gabriel P. , Brandão Michele A. , Moro Mirella M.
Published: December 2020

Relationships between users in social networks are evaluated in different ways. Here, our goal is to measure the strength of the ties between GitHub users by considering the temporal aspect of the network. Specifically, we analyze the evolution of these relationships by applying a classification algorithm over a GitHub network and calculate the persistence of them over different classes. The results bring new information about the collaborative software development process on the platform.
KGWE - A customizable editor for OWL ontologies
Authors: Limeira Wander de Almeida , Moreira Dilvan de Abreu
Published: December 2020

Regarding ontology editors, it is observed that there are several gaps left by the main tools available on the web for editing and viewing ontologies. The proposal for this work is to provide more efficient and effective editing interfaces, providing a practical tool that improves the visualizing OWL graphs.
Uloga i značaj marketing menadžera u poslovanju kompanije: primer AD Planinka iz Kuršumlije
Authors: Gašić Marko , Janjić Ljubica , Čavić Slobodan
Published: December 2020

Marketing menadžment je u svom razvoju prošao kroz brojne promene. Promenljivo okruženje i unutrašnji konflikti uslovili su povećanje značaja marketinga i usložnjavanje uloga marketing menadžera. Prvobitno posmatranje marketinga kao funkcije koja se bavi promocijom proizvoda izraslo je u poslovnu filozofiju koja prožima sva odeljenja i bavi se izgradnjom dugoročnih odnosa sa klijentima. Cilj ovog rada je sagledavanje uloge i značaja marketing menadžera u kompanijama sa osvrtom na AD Planinka iz Kuršumlije. U radu će biti prikazana evolucija marketinga od osnivanja kompanije do donas sa akcentom na aktivnosti marketing menadžera i njihovu povezanost sa internim i eksternim klijentima. Promena u načinu razmišljanja rukovodstva kompanije rezultirala je u pozicioniranju marketinga kao krovne funkcije koja objedinjuje sve ostale i određuje budući pravac kretanja kompanije.
Uloga i značaj proizvoda u marketing koncepciji banke
Authors: Veličković Jelena , Đuričanin Jasminka
Published: December 2020

Strategijsko manevrisanje proizvodom, cenom, distribucijom i promocijom kao elementima ponude suština je marketing koncepcije savremene banke. Pojava i razvoj globalne mreže radikalno je promenila sve elemente marketing miksa. Uspostavljanjem asortimana proizvoda i dinamičkim upravljanjem promenama u njegovoj strukturi banke usklađuju svoje mogućnosti sa potrebama klijenata. Trude se da ponude što bogatiji i dostupniji proizvodni asortiman. Teže da se prilagođavanjem ponude maksimalno približe zahtevima postojećih i potencĳalnih korisnika. Ponuda često nadmašuje tražnju. Zbog toga se trude da odluke o oblikovanju proizvoda nikada ne donose bez saradnje s klijentima. Dostupnost različitih, prilagodljivih i cenovno konkurentnih bankarskih proizvoda fundiranih uz upotrebu informacionih tehnologija, postaje temelj bankarstva. Fokusiranost na klijenta, zaokružena ponuda proizvoda visokog kvaliteta i stalne inovacije predstavljaju ključni faktor uspešnosti poslovanja banaka.
Unbundling in the field of generation, supply, transmission and distribution of electrical energy in the laws of Republic of Serbia and the European Union
Authors: Nikolić-Savin Isidora
Published: December 2020

This paper synthetizes provisions of the primary and secondary EU legislation, as well of the applicable Energy Act and decisions rendered by energy entities of the Republic of Serbia in relation to unbundling in respective energy activities, such as the generation, transmission and distribution of electric energy. A particular emphasis has been put therein on regulation of this issue by the EU Energy Packages and the consequent reorganization of the electricity sector in the Republic of Serbia. The text also discusses the modes of unbundling in horizontal and vertical terms and per its respective forms - established according to the nature thereof, i.e. unbundling in accounting, functional, legal and proprietal terms.
Entitlement to interest according to the provisions of the UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods
Authors: Petrović Katarina
Published: December 2020

This paper is devoted to the analysis of Article 78 of the UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods which, due to its insufficient determination, creates numerous discussions in both theory and practice that inevitably leads to a violation of uniformity in the application of the Convention. The paper presents dominant theoretical attitudes in solving interest issues, as well as court and arbitration practice in this matter. In order to ensure predictability and legal certainty in international trade, this paper is devoted to finding uniform and commercially realistic solution for calculating interest based on the Convention itself.