bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LAGSwin: Local attention guided Swin-transformer for thermal infrared sports object detection
Authors: Meng Hengran , Si Shuqi , Mao Bingfei , Zhao Jia , Wu Liping
Published: April 2024

Compared with visible light images, thermal infrared images have poor resolution, low contrast, signal-to-noise ratio, blurred visual effects, and less information. Thermal infrared sports target detection methods relying on traditional convolutional networks capture the rich semantics in high-level features but blur the spatial details. The differences in physical information content and spatial distribution of high and low features are ignored, resulting in a mismatch between the region of interest and the target. To address these issues, we propose a local attention-guided Swin-transformer thermal infrared sports object detection method (LAGSwin) to encode sports objects’ spatial transformation and orientation information. On the one hand, Swin-transformer guided by local attention is adopted to enrich the semantic knowledge of low-level features by embedding local focus from high-level features and generating high-quality anchors while increasing the embedding of contextual information. On the other hand, an active rotation filter is employed to encode orientation information, resulting in orientation-sensitive and invariant features to reduce the inconsistency between classification and localization regression. A bidirectional criss-cross fusion strategy is adopted in the feature fusion stage to enable better interaction and embedding features of different resolutions. At last, the evaluation and verification of multiple open-source sports target datasets prove that the proposed LAGSwin detection framework has good robustness and generalization ability.
Genetic linkage mapping and quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) to identify genomic regions associated with cold tolerance and major volatiles
Authors: Brindisi Lara J. , Mattera Robert , Mudiyala Sonika , Honig Joshua , Simon James E.
Published: April 2024

Chilling sensitivity is one of the greatest challenges affecting the marketability and profitability of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) in the US and worldwide. Currently, there are no sweet basils commercially available with significant chilling tolerance and traditional aroma profiles. This study was conducted to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) responsible for chilling tolerance and aroma compounds in a biparental mapping population, including the Rutgers advanced breeding line that served as a chilling tolerant parent, ‘CB15’, the chilling sensitive parent, ‘Rutgers Obsession DMR’ and 200 F2 individuals. Chilling tolerance was assessed by percent necrosis using machine learning and aroma profiling was evaluated using gas chromatography (GC) mass spectrometry (MS). Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were generated from genomic sequences derived from double digestion restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq) and converted to genotype data using a reference genome alignment. A genetic linkage map was constructed and five statistically significant QTLs were identified in response to chilling temperatures with possible interactions between QTLs. The QTL on LG24 (qCH24) demonstrated the largest effect for chilling response and was significant in all three replicates. No QTLs were identified for linalool, as the population did not segregate sufficiently to detect this trait. Two significant QTLs were identified for estragole (also known as methyl chavicol) with only qEST1 on LG1 being significant in the multiple-QTL model (MQM). QEUC26 was identified as a significant QTL for eucalyptol (also known as 1,8-cineole) on LG26. These QTLs may represent key mechanisms for chilling tolerance and aroma in basil, providing critical knowledge for future investigation of these phenotypic traits and molecular breeding.
Demonstrating the utility of Instrumented Gait Analysis in the treatment of children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Schwartz Michael H. , Ries Andrew J. , Georgiadis Andrew G. , Kainz Hans
Published: April 2024

Background

Instrumented gait analysis (IGA) has been around for a long time but has never been shown to be useful for improving patient outcomes. In this study we demonstrate the potential utility of IGA by showing that machine learning models are better able to estimate treatment outcomes when they include both IGA and clinical (CLI) features compared to when they include CLI features alone.

Design

We carried out a retrospective analysis of data from ambulatory children diagnosed with cerebral palsy who were seen at least twice at our gait analysis center. Individuals underwent a variety of treatments (including no treatment) between sequential gait analyses. We fit Bayesian Additive Regression Tree (BART) models that estimated outcomes for mean stance foot progression to demonstrate the approach. We built two models: one using CLI features only, and one using CLI and IGA features. We then compared the models’ performance in detail. We performed similar, but less detailed, analyses for a number of other outcomes. All results were based on independent test data from a 70%/30% training/testing split.

Results

The IGA model was more accurate than the CLI model for mean stance-phase foot progression outcomes (RMSEIGA = 11∘, RMSECLI = 13∘) and explained more than 1.5 × as much of the variance (R2IGA = .45, R2CLI = .28). The IGA model outperformed the CLI model for every level of treatment complexity, as measured by number of simultaneous surgeries. The IGA model also exhibited superior performance for estimating outcomes of mean stance-phase knee flexion, mean stance-phase ankle dorsiflexion, maximum swing-phase knee flexion, gait deviation index (GDI), and dimensionless speed.

Interpretation

The results show that IGA has the potential to be useful in the treatment planning process for ambulatory children diagnosed with cerebral palsy. We propose that the results of machine learning outcome estimators—including estimates of uncertainty—become the primary IGA tool utilized in the clinical process, complementing the standard medical practice of conducting a through patient history and physical exam, eliciting patient goals, reviewing relevant imaging data, and so on.
Study on the temporal and spatial relationship between public health events and the development of air transport scale: A case of the Southwest China
Authors: Li Zihan , Deng Xiwen , Mao Yi , Duan Jinglong
Published: April 2024

The spread of the COVID-19 had profoundly affected the development of the air transportation. In order to determine the changes in air transportation volume associated with the development of the epidemic, this paper takes Southwest China as the study area. Monthly data and methods, such as the coefficient of variation, rank-size analysis and spatial matching index, were applied. The results found that: (1) during 2020–2022, there was a positive relationship between passenger volume and epidemic development, while freight volume increased for most airports in the first quarter of 2020–2022, particularly in the eastern region; (2) From the perspective of changes in air transportation volume under the development of the COVID-19, among various types of airports, the changes in transportation volume of main trunk airports were more significant than those of regional feeder airports in remote areas; (3) however, under the influence of the epidemic, main trunk airports still exhibited stronger attraction in passenger volume. That is to say, the passengers who chose to travel by air still tended to choose the main trunk airports and formed the agglomeration distribution pattern which around high-level airports in the provincial capital. Whereas the freight volume had a tendency of equalization among airports in Southwest China; (4) Over the course of time, the consistency of the spatial distribution of the number of cases and the passenger or freight volume in southwest China gradually increased. Among them, the spatial matching rate of the passenger volume and the number of COVID-19 cases was always higher than that of the cases and freight volume, which might indicate that there was a stronger correlation relationship. Therefore, it is proposed that the construction of multi-center airport system should be strengthened, the resilience of the route network for passenger transportation should be moderately enhanced, and the risk-resistant capacity of mainline airports and airports in tourist cities should be upgraded, so as to provide references for the orderly recovery of civil aviation and regional development.
Determinants of the happiness of adolescents: A leisure perspective
Authors: Kim Eui-Jae , Kang Hyun-Wook , Park Seong-Man
Published: April 2024

Leisure plays a key role in the happiness of youth. Studies have shown that various factors of leisure, such as the type, the time, the cost, and the space, have an influence on the adolescents’ happiness. However, little is known about which of these factors is a major factor in youth’s happiness. The purpose of this study is to explore the leisure factors that determine happiness in adolescents by examining the relationship between happiness and various leisure factors. The study used the method of machine learning to analyze national statistical data, National Leisure Activity Survey. The data used in this study were from the National Leisure Activity Survey 2019, which is a national statistic produced by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism in the Republic of Korea. The analysis found that leisure perceptions, academic and leisure balance, and public leisure space have a very important impact on the adolescents’ well-being. The findings of this research may contribute to a better understanding of leisure and happiness in adolescents, and will also help adolescents make better use of their leisure time, leading to better leisure lives, and ultimately contribute to raising their level of happiness.
Determining factors that influence job expectations of university students in the agri-food and biosystems area
Authors: Benito-Hernández Sonia , López-Cózar-Navarro Cristina , Priede-Bergamini Tiziana
Published: April 2024

This paper analyzes the factors that affect the creation of job expectations of university students who pursue different degrees within the area of agri-food and biosystems in Spain. The objective is to establish a theoretical model that would allow for contrast analysis in future works. A review of previous literature on the topic, as well as a field study with a survey of 246 students, have been conducted to this end. The survey defined the different sociological, economic and motivational characteristics that could affect students` job expectations. A contrast of non-parametric statistics and Pearson's Chi-Square correlation test was applied to the analysis. The obtained results show that there are 5 main factors that affect the creation of job expectations of young university students: (1) economic stability, (2) characteristics of the job, (3) personal and formative maturity, (4) family influences, and (5) job satisfaction within the workplace.
A case study of a school curriculum implementation: From the perspective of CoP
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Mun Yu-jin
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This study analyzed the case of a school curriculum implementation from the theoretical perspective of communities of practice. A community of practice is a group of people who share the same interests, set of problems, and passion for a particular topic and expand their knowledge and expertise in a field through continuous interaction. This study analyzed the case of a unit school as a community of practice and suggested policy measures to enhance the practice.
Methods: For this purpose, an interpretive case study was conducted to analyze the curriculum management of a school that is a typical example of a community of practice that has formed over a decade. Various materials such as literature, interviews, photos, and videos were analyzed and validated through triangulation and member checks.
Results: The study found that, first, the teachers had a shared educational vision of students' happy lives and sought to create a school for joyful growth; second, the school members were engaged in collaborative practices in all aspects of curriculum management; and third, the school was creating a democratic management system to overcome the constraints of the bureaucratic organization and its own curriculum document style.
Conclusion: Policy suggestions for improving the effectiveness of unit schools as an educational community include improving school administration so that teachers can immerse themselves in curriculum management, establishing a customized educational support system for unit schools, allocating differential support personnel and an educational budget based on the educational needs of unit schools.
The Effect of Kindergarten Teachers' play teaching efficacy on Digital Play Support Capabilities: Mediation Effects of Digital Capabilities
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, An Hye-Jun , Lee Eun-Jeong
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine whether there is a mediating effect of digital competency in the effect of play teaching efficacy of kindergarten teachers on digital play support capabilities,
Methods: The subject of the study was to collect 313 questionnaires targeting kindergarten teachers. Descriptive statistics analysis, correlation analysis, and hierarchical session analysis were conducted based on the data collected to find out the purpose of the study,
Results: First, the relationship between play teaching efficacy, digital play support capabilities, and digital capabilities of kindergarten teachers was found to have a significant positive correlation. Second, digital competency was found to play a complete mediating role in the impact of kindergarten teachers' play teaching efficacy on digital play support capabilities.
Conclusion: In this study, it is meaningful to examine the effect of play teaching efficacy of kindergarten teachers on digital play support capabilities and to verify that digital capabilities play a mediating role. This means that play teaching efficacy and digital competency are key factors in kindergarten teachers' digital play support capabilities.
Validation of the Korean High School Student Career Construct Inventory (K-SCCI)
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Youn Jusun , Jun JuSung
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to adapt the Student Career Construction Inventory (SCCI) developed by Savickas et al. (2018) into Korean and validate it with Korean high school students.
Methods: Data were collected from 713 high school students enrolled in general education high schools in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province, and the data were analyzed using item content analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and quasi-test of validity.
Results: As a result of item content analysis and exploratory factor analysis, the Korean High School Career Constructs Inventory (K-SCCI) was structured into four factors: Crystallizing a vocational self-concept, exploring occupations, making decisions, and preparing. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to verify the goodness of fit of the four-factor model, and a correlation analysis with career adapting was conducted to verify its validity.
Conclusion: The Korean High School Student Career Construct Inventory (K-SCCI), which was validated in this study for Korean high school students in the humanities, consists of 18 items with four sub-variables: Crystallizing a vocational self-concept, exploring occupations, making decisions, and preparing.
A Study Regarding the Perceptions of Korean Language Teachers With Respect to Learning Difficulties in Korean Language Education
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Seo Ji-Young , Park Young-Min
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This research aimed to investigate the perceptions of Korean language teachers, who are practitioners of Korean language education, regarding the learning difficulties in the Korean language subject. By doing so, it sought to identify the specific patterns of perception regarding learning difficulties in the field and explore possible improvement measures to address these difficulties.
Methods: In this study, a total of twenty-eight survey questions (including three open-ended questions) were developed through a two-step review process. The survey was conducted over a period of approximately two weeks, targeting 105 current Korean language teachers. The collected data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis, including response frequencies, means, and standard deviations. Additionally, a verification of perception differences across schools of employment was conducted.
Results: According to the analysis results, the levels of policy awareness and perception of the suitability of selection methods were relatively low. In terms of factor-specific perception, the perception index for factors related to the definition domain was high. Among the language subjects, the writing area had the highest level of reported learning difficulties, particularly in terms of vocabulary proficiency among the learning factors within each subject area. Teachers considered the low motivation and lack of learning willingness in their students to be the biggest challenges in instruction. They also had a slightly lower perception of the adequacy of the current remedial education program. As improvement measures, teachers perceived the following factors positively: selective measures based on teacher interviews and observations, implementation of remedial education for lower-grade middle school students, vocabulary enhancement, and appropriate content for teacher training.
Conclusion: In order to effectively implement policies related to academic underachievement, it is necessary to increase teachers' level of policy awareness and diversify methods for selecting underperforming students. It is necessary to carefully consider the level and pattern of underachievement, synchronize defining factors, strengthen writing and vocabulary learning, focus on corrective education in the lower grades to prevent underachievement, and specialize the contents of teacher training considering the school level.
How to Improve Distance Education at an Elementary Teacher Education University in Korea: A Comparison with Overseas Teacher Education Universities and Domestic General Universities
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Sung Min-Chang , Park Ji-Hyun , Park Yong Joon , Yang Youjin
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This study examined distance education models and practices in two types of universities, i.e., overseas teacher education universities and domestic general universities, to develop strategies for improving distance education in an elementary teacher education university in South Korea.
Methods: We conducted in-depth case studies of distance education in five universities (two overseas and three that were domestic) and compared the data to one in a domestic teacher education university in terms of material requirements, systems and services, and support for university member competency.
Results: We found considerable variations in terms of pedagogical philosophies, curriculum structures, academic administrations, and platform-based special programs. For example, the overseas teacher education universities highlight the quality and quantity of learning, paying less attention to the length of the lectures. It is also notable that the domestic general universities take into account students’ educational welfare and provide various forms of distance education to facilitate students’ flexible management of time and space.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that the elementary teacher education university should adopt more student-centric distance education methods and foster interactions, which underscores the need for financial supports and intercollegial communication.
Analysis of the relationship between writing attitude and the well-being of elementary school students
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Jang Dongmin
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between elementary school students' writing attitudes and their well-being.
Methods: To this end, this study explored the concept of well-being and examined the composition of well-being literacy to promote well-being. Next, the correlation between writing attitude and well-being and the influence relationship were investigated through regression analysis.
Results: As a result of the study, it was confirmed that the writing attitude and well-being of elementary school students decreased from the lower grades to the higher grades. In addition, it was discerned that elementary school students' writing attitudes influence their well-being.
Conclusion: The promotion of the well-being of elementary school students can be achieved in terms of school literacy education, and in Korean language education, students should be educated equally so that they can grow as subjects of meaning who actively read, write, and communicate at the same time.
Las reservas de material sanitario estratégico. Reflexiones legales y económicas
Authors: Cierco Seira César , Sala Ríos Mercè
Published: April 2024

En este trabajo se presenta un análisis de los principales problemas que plantean las reservas de material sanitario estratégico. Entre otras cuestiones se aborda las referidas a la identificación de la agencia responsable de crear tales reservas, qué se ha de reservar, cómo se han de gestionar las reservas, la trascendencia del enfoque conjunto, así como la necesidad de establecer estrategias adecuadas para emergencias y catástrofes que puedan tener impacto en la salud pública.
Does Antitakeover Provision Harm Shareholders? Indexing for Antitakeover Provisions in China
Authors: Han Sirui
Published: April 2024

Does antitakeover harm shareholders? Encumbered by a multitude of theoretical perspectives, the legality of antitakeover remains a shared intellectual inquiry that the A-share market has yet to fully address. This paper constructs a governance index for the A-share market based on a manually collected and hand-coded research dataset (C-index). This dataset, comprising 4251 historical firm-level profiles of Antitakeover Provisions (ATPs), is meticulously sampled from companies listed in China from 2001 to 2017. The study investigates the logical correlation between antitakeover strength, financial performance, and the governance attributes of the company by leveraging the index’s economic utility. Additionally, this paper explores the firm-level factors that prompt corporate directors to integrate ATPs. From an empirical standpoint, it provides evidence that the governance index of firm-level strength of ATPs is positively correlated with share liquidity, institutional shareholding, private ownership, and the company’s commitment to achieving specific financial performance.
Новаторские особенности Большого толкового словаря русского языка
Authors: Кузнецов Сергей Александрович
Published: April 2024

В статье утверждается, что толковые словари XX в. решали задачу лексикографического закрепления и описания лексики русского литературного языка, существующего в текстах русской классической художественной литературы. Современные толковые словари общего типа должны содержать также информацию о словах, которые необходимы для понимания всех книжно-письменных жанров современного литературного языка. В частности, в словник необходимо включать лексику, используемую в социально значимых сферах речевой деятельности, таких как политика и дипломатия, педагогика, образование, медицина, юриспруденция, публицистика, торговля, административная и организаторская деятельность, социальная помощь и т.п. Увеличить информацию о слове можно посредством нетрадиционных характеристик: включением культурологической части (энциклопедические сведения о той или иной реалии, этимологическая справка о ее названии и др.), системным описанием производных слов, указанием сведений о составных лексических единицах (составные наречия, вводные слова, союзы, предлоги и т.п.) и о словоформах, ставших самостоятельными словарными единицами. «Большой толковый словарь русского языка» создавался как компьютерная база данных, поэтому самотолкуемость является его важным лексикографическим свойством, на котором основан принцип системности, реализуемый за счет применения полицентричного подхода к описанию языка. Такой подход призван обеспечить описание актуальных свойств лексического состава, а также преемственность, предсказуемость, последовательность, целостность и понятность словарного описания русского языка.
Thermal buckling analysis for hybrid and composite laminated plate by using new displacement function
Authors: Kareem Marwah G.
Published: April 2024

The analysis of a critical buckling temperature is dependent on the new displacement function field provided in the literature and uses third-order shear deformation theory. The value of the parameter “m,” which determines the new displacement function, closed with the three-dimensional (3D) elasticity results. Thermal critical buckling is analyzed for thick and thin laminated plates by using the Navier solution for symmetric and anti-symmetric cross-ply simply supported boundary conditions. Several design parameters are considered such as extension thermal coefficient ratio (α1⁄α2), number of schemes, thickness ratio (a/h), aspect ratio (a/b), and modular ratio (E1/E2) when analyzing the dynamic behavior of the critical buckling temperature for different materials, including composite (glass/epoxy) and hybrid (glass/carbon/epoxy), under uniformly distributed temperature load. The accuracy for theoretical results by using Matlab R2019b was checked with other results for different researchers and gave good agreement. Increasing orthotropic ratio and aspect ratio resulted in increasing critical buckling temperature in M1 than M2, whereas increasing thickness ratio, thermal coefficient expansion, and number of layers resulted in decrease in critical buckling temperature in M2 than M1.
The survival function NPMLE for combined right-censored and length-biased right-censored failure time data: properties and applications
Authors: McVittie James H. , Wolfson David B. , Stephens David A.
Published: April 2024

Many cohort studies in survival analysis have imbedded in them subcohorts consisting of incident cases and prevalent cases. Instead of analysing the data from the incident and prevalent cohorts alone, there are surely advantages to combining the data from these two subcohorts. In this paper, we discuss a survival function nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator (NPMLE) using both length-biased right-censored prevalent cohort data and right-censored incident cohort data. We establish the asymptotic properties of the survival function NPMLE and utilize the NPMLE to estimate the distribution for time spent in a Montreal area hospital.
The southern geographic range of Micronycteris sanborni (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae)
Authors: Queiroz Raphaela Icassatti , Santos Carolina Ferreira , Nogueira Marcelo Rodrigues , Fischer Erich
Published: April 2024

The southern distribution of Micronycteris sanborni became controversial after the description of Micronycteris yatesi based on specimens formerly reported as M. sanborni in Bolivia. It raised doubts on the identity of the southernmost specimen of M. sanborni reported from Serra da Bodoquena, Brazil. We rechecked the identification of this specimen and report four new records of M. sanborni from Serra da Bodoquena. External and craniodental features of all five examined specimens fit the current M. sanborni diagnosis, supporting this region as the southern boundary of its geographic range in South America.
Development and modeling of an ultra-robust TPU-MWCNT foam with high flexibility and compressibility
Authors: Ghahramani Pardis , Behdinan Kamran , Moradi-Dastjerdi Rasool , Naguib Hani E.
Published: April 2024

Developing a cost-effective industrially scalable manufacturing method that can improve the mechanical properties of nanocomposite foams with higher flexibility, compressibility, and, at the same time, mechanically robustness is of significant interest. In this study, porous thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) was fabricated with the chemical blowing agent (CBA) by a combination of compounding-compression molding methods. The effects of CBA and MWCNT contents on the foam morphology, porosity, foam cell size, Young’s modulus, and compressibility of fabricated samples were investigated. Through conducting cyclic compressive tests, it was observed that nanocomposite foams exhibited consistent mechanical responses across multiple compressive cycles and demonstrated notable characteristics, including high compressibility (up to 76.4% compressive strain) and high elastic modulus (up to 8.8 ± 2.6 MPa). Moreover, theoretical approaches were employed to predict the elastic modulus of solid and foam TPU/MWCNT. For solid MWCNT/TPU, a specific micromechanical model based on different modifications of the Halpin-Tsai (HT) approach was used, which showed a good agreement with experimental data at different MWCNT contents. Furthermore, the constant parameters of Gibson and Ashby’s method were found to successfully predict the elastic modulus of foam TPU/MWCNT at different MWCNT and CBA percentages.
English research articles versus MA theses in applied linguistics: comparing the move structure and metadiscourse features in the results and discussion sections
Authors: Guo Yitong , Xu Haiming
Published: April 2024

This study compares the move structure and metadiscourse features of the results and discussion sections in English research articles and MA theses in applied linguistics. We collected 31 results and discussion sections in English research articles by expert writers and 31 MA theses in English by Chinese students. The quantitative analysis found notable differences in opening and closing moves, move frequency, move sequence, and the distribution of metadiscourse markers across moves. For example, M3S2 (comparing results with literature) and M3S3 (accounting for results) occurred more frequently in research articles. Frame markers occurred more frequently across M2 (reporting results) in MA theses. We also employed the qualitative approach to demonstrate the differences between these seemingly similar genres based on the textual analysis of data. The following possible reasons behind the differences were identified: the writing requirements, purposes, the writers’ prior learning and writing experience, English proficiency, and genre knowledge as well as the audiences. The findings not only provide insights into the interaction between move and metadiscourse, but also have implications for the learning and teaching of academic writing.
Assessing Criterion A of the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders: The Potential of Performance-Based Personality Measures
Authors: Rucker John , Berry Benjamin , Sharp Carla
Published: April 2024

The conceptualization of personality disorder has been refined through recent nosological advances introduced in the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD). These advances locate self and interpersonal (dys)function at the core of personality pathology. Self-report personality assessment instruments have demonstrated promise in the assessment of Criterion A domains. However, research highlighting the utility of performance-based personality assessment instruments has been largely absent in these advances, despite acknowledgment of their potential. We adhered to PRISMA review guidelines to survey and assess the potential relevance and utility of select performance-based personality instruments in assessing Criterion A domains of the AMPD. We conclude that performance-based personality measures are uniquely positioned to assess maladaptive self- and interpersonal functioning and may address some limitations of self-report measures. Toward this end, we propose a working model that provides ranges of test scores that correspond to the 5-point scale of the Criterion A domains of the AMPD.
Alkoholio vartojimo ribojimų įtaka negatyviems eismo įvykiams Lietuvos magistraliniuose keliuose
Authors: Kanišauskas Vaidotas , Raudonis Adomas
Published: April 2024

The article uses statistical data from the Lithuanian Road Police Service on traffic accidents, speeding, drinking and driving (DUI), and people injured in traffic accidents on Lithuanian highways, i.e., negative traffic accidents in the period of 2000–2018. The aim of the work is to analyse the dynamics of traffic collisions and circumstances related to them. To achieve this aim, the negative accident data recorded on Lithuanian highways was converted into a 1-mile (8 km) unified system by grouping roads according to their length: small, average, large, and the largest roads. Time series AR(1) models were found for most of the cases. By employing statistical methods, it was identified that the 2008 law restricting the sale and advertising of alcohol led to the following results: a reduction in traffic accidents and the number of intoxicated drivers on all roads, although at the same time there was an increase in speeding. The number of people injured on small roads has increased.
Fruto, semilla y germinación de Ladenbergia oblongifolia (Humb. ex Mutis) L. Andersson “árbol de la quina’’
Authors: López-Medina Segundo Eloy , Mostacero-León José , Gil-Rivero Armando Efraín , De La Cruz-Castillo Anthony J. , López-Zavaleta Angélica , Villena-Zapata Luigi
Published: April 2024

Debido a la presencia de propiedades medicinales, las comunidades peruanas usan indiscriminadamente la corteza de muchas especies de “árbol de la quina” (Cinchona, Ladenbergia y Remijia; Rubiaceae) para combatir enfermedades infecciosas, paludismo e incluso el Covid-19. Esta situación hace importante el desarrollo de investigaciones que contribuyan con la propagación masiva de estas plantas y la reforestación de sus hábitats. Ante ello se propuso como objetivo de investigación estudiar el fruto, semilla y germinación de Ladenbergia oblongifolia para contar con recursos eficientes para su cultivo y propagación. El material biológico procedió del distrito de Aramango (Amazonas, Perú), el cual fue transportado al Herbarium Truxillense para su determinación y posterior caracterización del fruto, semilla y ensayos de germinación. Con base en los resultados se determinó que los frutos presentan una longitud de 5,75 cm, ancho de 0,74 cm, peso de 1,14 gr y 71 semillas como promedio. Las semillas tienen 1,01 cm de largo, 0,72 cm de ancho, 0,072 ´ 10-2 gr de peso promedio y una germinación del 83,3 %. Por tanto, se concluye que el estudio de fruto, semilla y germinación de Ladenbergia oblongifolia permite diferenciar a esta especie con otras del género Cinchona y Remijia; constituyéndose estos hallazgos en una información primordial y fundamental, tanto para su esclarecimiento taxonómico, como para un adecuado manejo agronómico. Este estudio incentiva la puesta en práctica de diversos programas de conservación y reforestación tendientes a fomentar la sostenibilidad de esta especie.
Electrical faults classification in permanent magnet synchronous motor using ResNet neural network
Authors: Ziad Hiba , Al-dujaili Ayad , Humaidi Amjad J.
Published: April 2024

The predictive maintenance of permeant magnet synchronous motor is highly required as this kind of motor has been commonly employed in electric vehicles, industrial systems, and other applications owing to its high power density output, as well as the regenerative operation characteristics during braking and deceleration driving conditions. One of the most important causes of PMSM failure is the stator short and drive switches failure. These problems have attracted more attention in the field of deep learning for fault detection purposes in the early stages, to avoid any system breakdown, and to decrease the risk and price of maintenance. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of detecting the electrical faults in PMSM by generating our data which includes current signals that have been analyzed and preprocessed by applying Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) to select the reliable features this conversion will be used to train ResNet 50. The evaluation metrics have shown that ResNet 50 achieves an accuracy of 100% for the classification of faults.
LGBQ-affirming clinical recommendations for compulsive sexual behavior disorder
Authors: Jennings Todd L. , Gleason Neil , Pachankis John E. , Bőthe Beáta , Kraus Shane W.
Published: April 2024

Background and aims

Since the inclusion of Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD) in the International Classification of Diseases (11th ed.), there has been little effort placed into developing clinical recommendations for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer (LGBQ) clients with this condition. Thus, we develop preliminary clinical recommendations for mental health professionals working with LGBQ clients who may be struggling with CSBD.

Methods

The present paper synthesizes the CSBD literature with advances in LGBQ-affirming care to develop assessment and treatment recommendations. These recommendations are discussed within the context of minority stress theory, which provides an empirically supported explanation for how anti-LGBQ stigma may contribute to the development of mental health conditions in LGBQ populations.

Results

Assessment recommendations are designed to assist mental health professionals in distinguishing aspects of an LGBQ client's sociocultural context from CSBD symptomology, given recent concerns that these constructs may be wrongly conflated and result in misdiagnosis. The treatment recommendations consist of broadly applicable, evidence-based principles that can be leveraged by mental health professionals of various theoretical orientations to provide LGBQ-affirming treatment for CSBD.

Discussion and Conclusions

The present article provides theoretically and empirically supported recommendations for mental health professionals who want to provide LGBQ-affirming care for CSBD. Given the preliminary nature of these recommendations, future research is needed to investigate their clinical applicability and efficacy.
Use of meishi by Chinese females in romantic conversation
Authors: Mao Yansheng , Wei Shuang , Li Yuanyuan
Published: April 2024

This study explores the major types and main interpersonal functions of meishi (没事, literally ‘I'm fine’) by Chinese females in romantic conversation through analyzing collected posts from Sina Microblog. Results show that meishi by Chinese females in the context of romantic relationships primarily manifests the attributes of “expressive” and “assertive” (“insincere assertive” in particular), with specific functions to express comfort (expressive), to implicitly express negative feelings (expressive), and to avoid self-disclosure of negative emotion (insincere assertive). We hold that Chinese women's use of meishi is not only a realization of gendered discourse but also has a practical function as it detects the sincerity and attentiveness of their male counterparts.
Pedagogical Conditions for the Formation of Methodical Competence of Future Officers – Specialists in Physical Culture and Sports in the Process of Their Professional Training
Authors:   National Defense University of Ukraine, Kyrpenko Yevhenii , Yagupov Vasyl ,   National Defense University of Ukraine
Published: April 2024

It can be confidently stated that the military-professional activity of the chiefs of physical training and sports in the Armed Forces is complex, multifaceted and multifunctional, which is not limited to their functional duties. We took into account the experience gained during the war and the feedback of specialists in the field of physical culture and sports. Future officers-specialists in physical education and sports should not only be able to implement their official competencies, but also to perform the tasks set before them by combat activity in the course of a full-scale war. The purpose of the article is to define and substantiate the organizational and pedagogical conditions that will positively influence to the formation of methodical competence in future officers (commanders) and specialists in physical education and sports. During the analysis of the scientific literature, the main aspects of the implementation of organizational and pedagogical conditions in the process of training military specialists were established. These aspects ensure high-quality and effective formation of methodological competence among future officers – physical culture and sports specialists in the Armed Forces of Ukraine during their professional training. We also conducted an expert evaluation. The experts were chosen according to certain requirements – combat experience, a candidate of science degree, a doctor of philosophy or a doctor of science, and more than 10 years of experience in training future officers. With the help of expert assessment and analysis of scientific literature, organizational and pedagogical conditions were defined and justified, which will ensure the improvement of the quality and efficiency of the formation of our psychological and pedagogical phenomenon. The first condition is the purposeful formation of professional and methodical qualities in cadets as future officers (commanders) and specialists in physical culture and sports. The next is the availability of modern interdisciplinary methods for the formation of methodological competence among future officers- -specialists in physical culture and sports of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the process of their professional training. It is also important to use objective criteria and indicators for diagnosing the levels of methodological competence formation in future officers-specialists in physical culture and sports. The final condition is pedagogical modeling of the formation of methodological competence in future officers-specialists in physical education and sports.
Hybrid subjects in Spanish and Catalan: Halfway between Agents and Patients
Authors: Ausensi Josep , Bigolin Alessandro
Published: April 2024

We analyze an intransitive construction involving verbs like Spanish matarse ‘kill’ whose subjects appear to have both internal and external argument properties. Examples include Juan se mató en un accidente de coche ‘Juan got himself killed in a car accident’, in which the subject’s referent shows hybrid behavior between agent and patient as it needs to be engaged in an action leading to its accidental death. We propose that the subject’s internal and external argument properties can be accounted for if subjects can bear two semantic roles by virtue of being associated with more than one distinct head in the syntax (Pineda & Berro 2020). We argue that such intransitive uses involve a distinct argument structure from transitive reflexives despite sharing the same surface form, cf., El sospechoso del homicidio se mató al estar rodeado por la policía ‘The suspect killed himself when he was surrounded by the police’. The present account provides evidence that agents and external arguments do not always correlate since some verb classes can have identical surface form, despite involving underlyingly distinct argument alignment.
In the Driver's Seat: Pandemic Fiscal Stimulus and Light Vehicles
Authors: Dunbar Jack , Kurz Christopher , Li Geng , Tito Maria D.
Published: April 2024

This paper explores the impact of two fiscal programs, the Economic Impact Payments and the Paycheck Protection Program, on vehicle purchases and relates our findings to post-pandemic price pressures. We find that receiving a stimulus check increased the probability of purchasing new vehicles. In addition, the disbursement of funds from the Paycheck Protection Program was associated with a rise in local new car registrations. Our estimates indicate that these two programs account for a boost of 1 3/4 million units—or 12 percent—to new car sales in 2020. Furthermore, the induced boost in sales coincided with the presence of significant production constraints and exacerbated an inventory drawdown, thereby contributing to the rapid increase in new vehicle prices that prevailed in the subsequent years.
How Private Equity Fuels Non-Bank Lending
Authors: Haque Sharjil , Mayer Simon , Wang Teng
Published: April 2024

We show how private equity (PE) buyouts fuel loan sales and non-bank participation in the U.S. syndicated loan market. Combining loan-level data from the Shared National Credit register with buyout deals from Pitchbook, we find that PE-backed loans feature lower bank monitoring, lower loan shares retained by the lead bank, and more loan sales to non-bank financial intermediaries. For PE-backed loans, the sponsor’s reputation and the strength of its relationship with the lead bank further reduce the lead bank’s retained share and monitoring. Our results suggest that PE sponsor engagement substitutes for bank monitoring, allowing banks to retain less skin-in-the game in the loans they originate and to sell greater loan shares to non-banks.
On Commercial Construction Activity's Long and Variable Lags
Authors: Glancy David , Kurtzman Robert J. , Loewenstein Lara
Published: April 2024

We use microdata on the phases of commercial construction projects to document three facts regarding time-to-plan lags: (1) plan times are long—about 1.5 years on average—and highly variable, (2) roughly one-third of projects are abandoned in planning, (3) property price appreciation reduces the likelihood of abandonment. We construct a model with endogenous planning starts and abandonment that matches these facts. Endogenous abandonment makes short-term building supply more elastic, as price shocks immediately affect the exercise of construction options rather than just planning starts. The model has the testable implicationthat supply is more elastic when there are more “shovel ready” projects available to advance to construction. We use local projections to validate that this prediction holds in the cross-section for U.S. cities.
Inequality and Asset Prices during Sudden Stops
Authors: Villalvazo Sergio
Published: April 2024

This paper studies the cross-sectional dimension of Fisher’s debt-deflation mechanism that triggers Sudden Stop crises. Analyzing microdata from Mexico, we show that this dimension has macroeconomic implications that operate via opposing effects. We propose a small open economy, asset-pricing model with heterogeneous-agents and aggregate risk to measure the effects of inequality during crises. In contrast to a representative-agent model, heterogeneity generates persistent current account reversals with smaller drops in asset prices and larger drops in consumption driven by the leveraged households. Moreover, in a lower inequality calibration, we find that crises are less severe, as observed in the data.