bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Из диалектологического архива: польская диалектная речь жителей окрестностей Бражуоле (Тракайский район, 1992 г.)
Authors: Коницкая Елена Михайловна Михайловна
Published: January 2019

The article provides dialectological recordings of Polish (the so-called polszczyznа kresowа) from the Trakai region, specifically Bražuolė and its surroundings, made during the expeditions in the 1990’s organized by the Department of Slavic Philology at Vilnius University. The Polish recordings are from an areal characterized sociolinguistically by the interface of four languages: the Polish dialect, Belarusian (po-prostu), Russian, and Lithuanian. These recordings reflect crucial and previously unidentified features of the sociolinguistic environment, as well as constitute historical evidence of language contact in Bražuolė and its surroundings. The data presented in the article can be used for further work on the history of language contacts in Lithuania.
Рецензии
Authors: Коницкая Елена
Published: January 2019

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Pasitikėjimo problema. Pergalės ir atsitraukimai
Authors: Kavolis Vytautas
Published: January 2019

The article presents a lecture that was read in Santara-Šviesa conference in Vilnius-Anykščiai (1996 July 20-23). A shortened version of the lecture was published in a journal Kultūros Barai (1996/8-9).
Postmoderniosios musės skrydis: sociologija ir postpozityvistinė Rorty analitika
Authors: Šaulauskas Marius Povilas
Published: January 2019

While Richard Rorty cannot be considered a ‘real’ sociologist, he provides a significant contribution the methodology of the social sciences. Rorty’s critical pragmatism is an important component of postmodern sociology. Always critical and sometimes even too flaunty about its novelty, postmodern mindset develops within labyrinths of interdisciplinary matter. In such a confusing polyphonic and conceptually mixed surrounding common theoretical contrapositions, provisions and concepts soften their strictness. Postmodern social criticism, which sooner or later undergoes the necessity to speak not only denying but also to use the stating voice, must ask: if there is nothing truthful to be said, why is it needed and, if yes, how is it possible not to lose voice?
Visuomeninės nuomonės tyrimai
Authors: Gaidys Vladas , Tureikytė Danutė
Published: January 2019

The article discusses public opinion research, its historical development and methodological properties. Article begins with an overview of development of public opinion research. A lot of attention is given to the criterion of representativeness, whose importance was already evident in the early attempts to prognose the election results. The further and most important part of article contains the discussion of the structure public opinion research and its elements.
Masinė pilietiškumo šventė kasdienybės akistatoje
Authors: Rapoportas Sergejus
Published: January 2019

During the period of Lithuania’s revival and the restoration of independence (1988-1991) the streets and the squares were in use for mass events, which substantially differed from everyday life as well as from Soviet mass rituals. The socio-ontological content of the recent events remains of special value. The forms mass coexistence are often presented in an abstract form: as self-contained reality (folk, nation and etc.) or as a ‘statistical habitats’. Yet the movements present a different case: an interrelation between private lives in the public events. The article discusses how certain type of discourse, namely voluntary political ritual, is being created and understood.
Muzika ir reikšmė: sociologinė senos temos interpretacija
Authors: Goštautienė Rūta
Published: January 2019

The aim of the article is to introduce the reader with John Shepherd, whose text fragments are republished in this journal issue. The article discusses the academic context of Shepherd’s project. It is argued that Shepherd’s work is best understood as an attempt to avoid the Scylla and the Charybdis of the scientific practice in the forms of post-structuralism and structuralism in the analysis of the phenomena.
Kultūra kaip dirbtuvė
Authors: Daujotytė Viktorija
Published: January 2019

Review: Kavolis, Vytautas. 1996. Kultūros dirbtuvė. Vilnius: Baltos lankos.
Tarpžmogiškumo pradai
Authors: Buber Martin
Published: January 2019

Translation: the reader is offered a translation of Martin Buber's work that was published in a book "The Knowledge of the Man".
Trečiasis Maxo Weberio prasiveržimas
Authors: Norkus Zenonas
Published: January 2019

The aim of the article is to discuss Weber's dilemma of methodological individualism: the question of the relationship between Weber's interpretive sociology and his substantive sociological research. The author of the article aims, first, to deny the dilemma of methodological individualism by claiming that the contradictions between Weber’s methodological principles and his research practice are superficial. Second, the author argues that, contrary to the Schluchter's idea, Weber’s ‘interpretive sociology’ does not acquire its final form after the ‘second breakthrough’. The author attempts to delineate the ‘third breakthrough’ in the last decade's works of German sociologist, which leads towards sociological action theory. Thirdly, the author attempts to reconstruct Weber’s action theory while critically evaluating the works in this area. Finally, the author discusses the question whether the third Weber’s breakthrough can be finalized in such a manner that the resulting action theory would be satisfactory in relation to the initial tasks.
Informacinės visuomenės mokslo bruožai
Authors: Augustinaitis Arūnas
Published: January 2019

The article discusses whether and to what extent the sciences are postmodern without considering the meaning and implications of the notion of postmodernity. Arguably, the post-industrial science is postmodern by itself just because it is defined by the paradigm of information. Science is the quintecence of postmodernity and provides the basis of informational existence of postmodern society. In other words, science is a source and medium of post-modernity. Informational science grounds its own rules and makes a link between philosophy and knowledge, connects the boundedlessness of methaphilosophical language games (Lyotard) with the transinformational theory. While the transinformational theory suggests traditional philosophical problematique, informational science creates a novel postmodern epistemology.
Simbolinio interakcionizmo metodologinės nuostatos
Authors: Blumer Herbert
Published: January 2019

Translation: Blumer, Herbert. 1969. Symbolic Interactionism. Perspective and Method, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall; 1-21.
Ar galima etniškumo ir nacionalizmo teorijų sintezė
Authors: Statkus Nortautas
Published: January 2019

The aim of the article is twofold. First, it aims at an overview and a critical evaluation of the main theories of ethnicity and nationalism. Second, it attempts to define the possibilities of their synthesis. The author argues for an understanding of ethnicity as a complex phenomena, whose explanation is connected with a interaction of genetic, psychological, social and cultural factors. Nationalism is defined as political ideology which develops as a result of the processes of modernization and holds an idea of political soveireignity of ethnic groups.
Kaliningradiečių identiteto formavimasis
Authors: Jankauskas Paulius
Published: January 2019

The aim of the article is to analyze the Kalingradian identity in terms of the inhabinant's view on the history of the region. The analysis is developed in a few steps. First, the author discusses the forms of expression of historical memory and their change as factor in the development of both individual and societal self-consiousness. The analysis is developed, second, by understanding those forms as a medium of processes of cultural, political and economical change.
Moters savivokos aspektai tarpukario ir išeivijos prozoje
Authors: Račiūnaitė Vaiva
Published: January 2019

The article aims to analyze the woman's self-understanding in the prose of Lithuanian emigrants in the interwar years. The author of the article suggests to discuss the self-understanding as a conflict between two cultures - the modern and the traditional, whose conflict becomes evident with the increasing role of the city in the everyday life. The crisis of patriarchal culture that becomes evident with the diminishment rural communities provides the grounds to discuss the specifics of woman's self-understanding in the Lithuanian prose of the first half of the twentieth century.
Šventybė ir pasaulietiškumas nesociologiniu požiūriu
Authors: Laumenskaitė Irena Eglė
Published: January 2019

Review: Eliade, Mircea. 1997. Šventybė ir pasaulietiškumas. Vilnius: Mintis.
Trys Lietuvos dienraščiai ("Lietuvos rytas", "Respublika", "Lietuvos aidas") apie tautines mažumas Lietuvoje
Authors: Beresnevičiūtė Vida , Nausėdienė Inga
Published: January 2019

The paper analyzes the presentation of the issue of ethnic minorities in the daily papers „Lietuvos aidas“, „Lietuvos rytas“ and „Respublika“. Its concerns are connected with the questions of the relation between ethnic groups, the processes of formation of stereotypes and the relation between the societal self-consiousness and the social reality. The authors view the daily papers as a sites of symbolic power and develop their argument by analysing the problem of representation. The issue of concern here is the readers' trust in the press and the mass media. Authors note that the existence stereotypes is innevitable because they are grounded in the everyday practices. Yet the problem is the social reification of the images that are the result of the process of generalizing particularity (V.N. Parrillo, J.R.Feagin).
Maxo Weberio suprantančioji socialinė ekonomika (arba vienos nesuprastos metodologinės programos rekonstravimas)
Authors: Norkus Zenonas
Published: January 2019

The author of this article discusses a few questions connected with interpreting the legacy of Max Weber. First, the article poses the question of when did Weber become a sociologist? Second, it considers the way that Weber defines the relationship between economics and sociology. The questions are discussed in the historical context of development of sociology in Germany. The author suggests that Weber’s relationship with the economics is a dual one. Weber develops a sociological programme while retaining institutional affiliation with economics. The author argues that Weber’s heritage can be best understood if thought of as an interdisciplinary approach in the social sciences, now known as a rational choice approach. This issue of the journal presents the first part of the article.
Įvadinis žodis
Authors: Valantiejus Algimantas
Published: January 2019

The articles published in this issue of the journal are devoted to the sociology of history and the history of sociology. A use of such an expression is aimed to note two interrelated issues: first, the historically contextual link between the human action and the social experience; second, the structure of social forms, whose change is connected with the change of values, norms and ideals. To put it simply, the most important task of the social sciences is the attentiveness to the historicity.
Pasaulio istorija
Authors: Jaspers Karl
Published: January 2019

Translation: Karl, Jaspers. 1957. Vom Ursprung und Ziel der Geschichte. Frankfurt/M., Hamburg: Fisher Bücherei.
Maxo Weberio suprantančioji socialinė ekonomika (arba vienos nesuprastos metodologinės programos rekonstravimas)
Authors: Norkus Zenonas
Published: January 2019

The author of this article discusses a few questions connected with interpreting the legacy of Max Weber. First, the article poses the question of when did Weber become a sociologist? Second, it considers the way that Weber defines the relationship between economics and sociology. The questions are discussed in the historical context of development of sociology in Germany. The author suggests that Weber’s relationship with the economics is a dual one. Weber develops a sociological programme while retaining institutional affiliation with economics. The author argues that Weber’s heritage can be best understood if thought of as an interdisciplinary approach in the social sciences, now known as a rational choice approach. This issue of the journal presents the second part of the article.
Lietuvių nacionalinis identitetas: etniškumo ir konfesiškumo santykio problema tarpukario Lietuvos Respublikoje (1918-1940)
Authors: Trimakas Ramūnas
Published: January 2019

The aim of the article is to discuss the formation of Lithuanian national identity in the interwar period (1918-1940). The article analyzes the changing relationship between ethnic and religious aspects of Lithuanian identity and considers a thesis of change of Lithuanian self-unerstanding from ethnic-confessional to national-civic. Drawing on Smith, the author argues that the interwar years might be understood as a period of transition which delineates the two dimensions of Lithuanian identity neither of which becomes dominant in the period: the ethnic-confessional and the national-civic.
Šiuolaikinis klajoklis ir kolonizmas
Authors: Mickūnas Algis
Published: January 2019

The aim of the article is to discuss the distinction between the East and the West or Orient and Occident and the importance of geographical demarcations for the civilizational analysis. The author notes the cultural grounds of the distinction and questions its uses to understand and the democratic modes of life on the hand and despotic on the other. The author develops the analysis of the liberalizing and constraining aspects of modes of life by discussing the role of the everyday discourse, imagination, mass media, arts and aesthetic taste in the formation of the stratified societal relations.
Kriminaliniai mitai
Authors: Kilmkaitė-Petraitienė Lina
Published: January 2019

The aim of the article is to analyze the notion of myth of criminality, a view on the conditions of justice built around stereotypes that are formed in the interaction between the members of society, mass media and the institutions of power. The author attempts to develop the analysis on a few levels giving special attention to issue of death penalty in Lithuanian society: the relation between social understanding of the conditions of justice and the reality of justice; the role of the mass media and institutions of power in constructing knowledge of the crime situation; the way that the myths depict the situation; the main features of myth of criminality; the functions of myth of criminality in social life. The author argues that the task of conceptualizing the process of the formation of myths of criminality cannot be separated from the critique of those myths. Yet, the risk of recreating the myths in other forms requires to understand the development of the critique as a reflexive task.
Kriminalinės justicijos poveikis nepilnamečiams teisės pažeidėjams
Authors: Vileikienė Eglė
Published: January 2019

The aim of the article is to discuss the relationship between juvenile offenders and system of criminal justice. The author takes her point of departure in an overview of the different ways of interpreting the deviant behaviour. The author argues for an understanding of juvenile offense as form social action that cannot be understood without the contextual sociological analysis and questions the possibility of crime prevention by means criminal justice alone.
Resocializacijos galimybė Lietuvos įkalinimo įstaigose
Authors: Piliponytė Jolanta
Published: January 2019

The article aims to discuss the possibilities of resocialization in the Lithuanian penitentiary system. The discussion takes its point of departure in an overview of the statistical data of secondary crime rates. The author argues that the contradicting nature of the idea of resocialization is defined by the tension between the principles of the penitentiary system (control, submission and isolation) and the notion of the individual as self-expressive and freely choosing on which the penitentiary system is grounded. The author develops the discussion through by analyzing the data of a survey research on the one hand and the interviews with the experts of the penitentiary system on the other.
Istorijos ir sociologijos sąlyčio beieškant
Authors: Valantiejus Algimantas
Published: January 2019

Foreword: A special issue of “Sociologija. Mintis ir veiksmas” contains a number of original papers presented at the conference “The Developments of Identity: History and Present“ (a section of the international conference “Transformations in the Eastern and Central Europe“), organized by the Department of History of Klaipėda University and the Department of Sociology of Vilnius University in Klaipėda (2001-05-26).
Mažosios Lietuvos elito identiteto problema: kultūrinis diskursas
Authors: Strakauskaitė Nijolė
Published: January 2019

The aim of the article is to discuss the identity of the elites in Lithuania Minor. The analysis of the elite's identity is developed in the context of Prussian system of education. The author argues that the schools played an important role in the development of the self-consiousness of the group and suggests that the tension between traditional and pragmatist outlooks is defining of their idendity.
Mažosios ir Didžiosios Lietuvos integracijos problema XIX a. - XX a. pradžioje
Authors: Pocytė Silva
Published: January 2019

The aim of the article is to analyze the relation between Lithuania Major and Lithuania Minor at the end of the XIX and in the beginning of the XX century. The author argues that the question of integration was problematic despite the common language and the interaction between the regions in the time of the Lithuanian press ban. The author suggests that the reasons of the divide are connected with the differences of religious traditions and develops the argument by analyzing
the societal self-understanding of Lithunians in Lithuania Minor.
Tautinės mažumos Lietuvoje ir Latvijoje: tarp politinėskategorijos ir etniškumo
Authors: Valevičius Vytautas , Kraniauskas Liutauras
Published: January 2019

Representation politics of ethnic minorities in Lithuania and Latvia subsumes different minor ethnic groups under one category of minorities’ ethnicity. This model of common identity is shaped by juridical and political discourses representing an out-group definition. Differences in everyday cultural practices and social distance among ethnic groups set ethnic boundaries and indicate different strategies of social identity construction for each group. An in-group perspective challenges an image of a common identity and demonstrates its fictive nature.
Parapijinė pilietinė visuomenė (Šiaurės Švedijos atvejo analizė)
Authors: Pivoras Saulius
Published: January 2019

This article deals with the paradoxical from the theoretical point of view phenomena – civic political culture in the Swedish parishes. It is assumed that civic political culture is not only and mostly connected with the participation in national political struggles, but active involvement, cooperating with neighbours, into the local public affairs. Swedish political culture is now labeled as consensual, but as such it rests upon the foundations, which were laid down by the collective communal order or so called “communalism” of the 19 th century. Article is mainly based on the analysis of protocolles from the parish or village community meetings (sockenstämmor and bystämmor). These protocolles one can find in the Umeå, Skellefteå and Härnösand archives. It is attempted to throw light on the specificity of village vommunity in Northern Sweden, to disclose features of of its organizational flexibility and to trace impact of lutheran church on the emergence of civic communality. Article shows as well main Lithuanian differences from Sweden in the sphere of communalism.
Tapatybės diskursai civilizacijų sandūros įtampoje
Authors: Aleksandravičius Vygandas
Published: January 2019

The article reflects on the role of the principle of Identity in constitution of particular civilizational models. It attempts to demonstrate the monologous character of the particular Western and Balkan civilizational identities, what attributed to their collision in Kosovo. The principal differences in constitution of Western and Balkan civilizations and their close geopolitical situation created high tension, which discharged in the dramatic conflict, impossible to resolve in discoursive mode due to the lack of common discoursive background. The necessities to distance us from direct identification with one or another expansive identity model was the condition for a reflection and evaluation of the conflict. The poststructuralist critique of the principle of identity, favoring the alternative “thinking based on difference”, decisively contributed to the theoretical background of the phenomenological insights of this text. The collision between the Western and Balkan civilizations was depicted through different planes and from diverse angles as inevitable, unless the will to sustain their particular identities in subjecting the Other were not renounced. Deleuzian interpretation of Michel Tournier’s novel “Friday, or the Limbs of Pacific” provided with a broad insight on the possibility of thinking, based on the reality of difference. Ideas of distinctive American thinker Alphonso Lingis and Lithuanian philosopher Arvydas Šliogeris provided with a basis for delineating vectors of the non-violent constitution of dialogue, whereof a new kind of an inaggressive identity might emerge.
Niklaso Luhmanno autopoezės teorijos pritaikymas teisės sistemai
Authors: Sidrys Inga
Published: January 2019

Social systems theory and, more particularly, concepts like autopoesis, self-referentiality, autonomy, have been the subject of intensive discussion in the social sciences during the last decades of the 20th century. Niklas Luhmann was among the first who recognized the need to incorporate the theory of autopoesis into his evolutionary study of law. In this article, I re-examine Luhmann’s theoretical analysis of the concept of law in the light of a general theory of social systems. His theoretical development focuses on the legal system as an autopoietic and self-referential system. Luhmann argues that the legal system is normatively closed, because it produces its own elements as legally relevant units and, at the same time, it is a cognitively open as it remains oriented to its environment despite its “closedness”. The present study reviews and comments upon key concepts in Luhmann theory which include autopoietic system, normatively closed and cognitively open systems, environment, legal system, expectations, norms, and binary code. Although Rottleuthner and others have criticised Luhmann for his great passion to theoretical abstractions, the author of this article thinks that Luhmann deserves our attention as an important contemporary representative of systems science in sociology.
Estetinės sąvokos
Authors: Sibley Frank N.
Published: January 2019

Translation: Sibley, Frank N. “A Contemporary Theory of Aesthetic Concepts” in G. Dickie, R. Sclafani (eds.). 1977. Aesthetics: A Critical Anthology. New York: St. Martins Press.

Translated by Vygandas Aleksandravičius; edited by Antanas Katalynas.
Lyčių politika Lietuvoje. Smurto prieš moteris šeimoje atvejis
Authors: Reingardienė Jolanta
Published: January 2019

One of the main objectives of this article is to discuss the different social variables of soviet past as well as post-soviet present in relation to a continued form of direct and intended social control in. Lithuania - gender based violence against women in the family. It starts with a cursory review of women's roles and opportunities in the context of shifting boundaries of the public/private dichotomy and soviet egalitarian ideology followed by the discussion of the re-traditionalization process and its implications for family life and gender-based violence within it. The way gender was organized under the socialism figures importantly in all aspects of family interaction and organization during the last decade of democratization. The way the gender equality was legislated served to reinforce the significance of gender difference even while ostensibly undermining it. The further analysis includes a brief discussion of women 's attitudes towards gender based violence as they were revealed in the survey on the social context of women abuse in Lithuanian families that was carried out in Lithuania in May, 2000. The survey was completed using a direct structured interview method. It represents the opinion of all Lithuanian women within the age group from 18 to 74 years. Sample size is 517 respondents. Women included in the survey were selected using multilevel random sampling procedure. The response rate of the survey was 66.3%.
Apie paraštes: seksualinių mažumų reprezentavimas Lietuvos spaudoje (2000-01 m.)
Authors: Tereškinas Artūras
Published: January 2019

This article analyzes the images of sexual minorities in the Lithuanian press during the period of January, 2000 - June, 2001. Arguing that the mass media plays a critical role in the construction of representations of the sexual minorities, the author attempts to determine whether Lithuanian press makes the issues of homosexuality and homosexual people a part of public agenda. The analysis demonstrates that sexual minorities remain a difficult topic and an extremelly sensitive issue in Lithuania. Homosexuality is frequently described as a scandal, and homosexuals are still portrayed as an underworld unfamiliar to mass population.

At the end of the article, the author concludes that to correct the prejudices and misrepresentations offered by the mainstream Lithuanian press, one needs to develop alternative interpretations of homosexuality. However, to move towards non-phobic representations of lesbians and gays, it is necessary to struggle for legitimate, affirming, non-phobic inclusion of lesbians and gay men in the public sphere.
Komunikacinė dramos sklaida ir jos socialumas
Authors: Šatkauskienė Nomeda
Published: January 2019

The paper analyses the communicational aspects in drama and discusses the interaction between drama, theatre and society. The expansion of performance theory and theatre semiotics has changed the emphasís of dramatic theory since 1970's toward new concepts of communication in drama. This article gives particular attention to the semiotics ideas of the relationship between drama and mis en scene and investigates the role of the audience in the context of contemporary drama and theatre studies. The traditional model of communication from Aristotle and Plato, was understand as a simple conveyance of information or as the objective transmission of contents from sender to receiver, creating the intersubjective relationship that are the foundation of society. Recent critical practice and investigations by theorists such as Patrice Pavis, Marco De Marinis, Anne Ubersfeld, Kleir Elam has led to the radically different ways of the communicational concepts. The starting point of research into theatrical communication was the French linguist Georges Mounin's (1969) denial of its possibility. Thus the main task of the theatre semioticians was to find a Specific model of theatrical communication. M. De Marinis argued, that the complexity and multiplicity of codes guarantees that a certain degree of comprehension (and communication either) is always achieved in the theatre. Mise en scene P. Pavis defines not as the transformation of drama text into performance, but rather as their confrontation. The process of drama's concretizations series from 'textual' to 'receptive' concretization) is always concemed with the social context and cultural conditions surrounding the audience. The changing social context permits infinite number of the same drama texts readings. Mis en scene can be understood as the “social practice”. Thus communication theory with the attitude toward sociology gives more open concept of drama. The task of the audience nowadays is not to look for the “true” meaning in dramatic performance, but to create his own meaning in the process of communication. It means, that the “manipulation power of drama” as the ground for traditional theatrical communication is rejected. The perceptual studies - the “pleasure” of reading and viewing, the deconstruction of meaning - gives new conceptions of communicational and social aspects of drama.
Visuomenės nuomonės apie aplinkosaugos problemas konstravimas žiniasklaidoje
Authors: Juraitė Kristina
Published: January 2019

After more than a decade of political independence it is interesting to study relationship between relatively free mass media and people’s thinking and saying about the environment in the postcommunist society. In the following sections, social constructionist perspective is analyzed, research methods applied in the study are presented, and the results of public environmental perceptions and the data of environmental coverage in the main dailies in Lithuania are examined. At the end, the discussion of theoretical assumptions and empirical results follows.
Asmens tautinio tapatumo tapsmas. Sociopsichologinės šio proceso interpretacijos
Authors: Antinienė Dalia
Published: January 2019

The aim of this article is to analyse important dimension of a personal identity, i.e. the nature of the national identity, its characteristic features and the socio-psychological issues of its’ formation. National identity is a complex and dynamic phenomenon. The article contrasts a number of theoretical approaches - impact of childhood and socialization upon its’ formation, possible shifts throughout the whole life; the “latent” character of national identity which is being publicly manifest only in specific historic circumstances of a person, his (her) family, country, etc. The process whereby a person’s identity is shaped through his (her) identification vis-a-vis Significant Others is addressed in the paper as well. Other dimensions of national identity formation and meanings, e.g. commitment, attachment, needs, “national sentiments”, “affective involvement”, etc. are analysed and contrasted. For the research of national identity in Lithuania, paper argues and concludes, the concept of identity status as elaborated by J.Marcia.
Mokslas ir socialinės inžinerijos idėja (I): Karlas Raimundas Popperis
Authors: Gedutis Aldis
Published: January 2019

The main objective of this article is critical reconsideration of Popper’s ideas, concerning the influence of science on society and the social engineering. Our aim is the reconstruction of Popper’s counter-arguments against utopian social engineering and arguments for rational and scientific control of open society with the help of the piecemeal social engineering. He claims that the open society has many features in common with the science: both are based upon critical thinking, both are ready to admit their mistakes, both progress through critical discussion. If, according to Popper, reason is the only alternative to violence so far discovered, then the politics of the open society is strongly dependent on the science. Science provides methods and ideas for piecemeal social engineering that successfully solves majority of social and political problems. Therefore, without science, a society cannot be open. We seek at the critical evaluation of practical possibilities to exercise piecemeal social engineering and its obstructions.
Naujosios klasės diskursas ir jo poveikis diskusijoms apie intelektualų vaidmenį posovietinėse šalyse
Authors: Gečienė Irmina
Published: January 2019

In this paper will be presented the main arguments of the New Class theories as well as some relevant critics and further elaboration of issue that appeared in later discourse on Western intellectuals mainly by theoretical assumptions in Jacoby and Lash works. And the last part of paper will be devoted to the fruitful use of this approach in works of well known researches of post-communist transformation such as I. Szelenyi and G. Konrad in Hungary, M. Kempny, J. Kurczewska and E.Mokrzycki in Poland, I.Bernik in Slovenia and L. Donskis in Lithuania, L. Greenfeld and L. Gudkov in Russia.
Susidvejinusios sąmonės fenomenas XX a. pradžios lietuvių avangardistinėje poezijoje
Authors: Keturakis Saulius
Published: January 2019

The aim of the article is to analyze the relation of the vanguard with the social in the poetic texts of lithuanian varguard in the first decades of the twentieth century. The article develops the analysis of the texts on a level of tension between the writter as an artist and a citizen. The article argues that the spheres of aesthetics and social activity were being divided by the vanguard artists. While the artistic imagination was not constrained in the sphere of aesthetics, in the sphere of social activity the artists followed the societal models that defined a citizenship.
Vyriškų vaidmenų ypatumai dabarties Lietuvoje
Authors: Kublickienė Lilija
Published: January 2019

The article analyses problems related to gender sociology. The main attention is focused on the importance of man’s studies, as the masculine aspect of gender issues is frequently given less attention than feminine problems. In Western countries, the importance of male studies is now being emphasised in particular. Three basic conceptual directions of investigation, which could be found in scientific sociological literature devoted for men and masculinism, could be pointed out. It is noted that currently scientific masculine researches that avoid one-sided ideological interpretation are more common. The concept of masculine studies could be defined as a very wide scope of investigation, which covers problems both caused and experienced by men.

Still, systemic masculine studies are not numerous, and the need for them remains urgent. The article presents the results of an empirical study carried out in Lithuania; the findings of the study allow describing the criteria of masculinity that are currently dominant. In addition, the article attempts disclosing limitations faced by men when they aim to match the stereotypical roles attached to them. Filling of the present gap in the masculine studies would help to restore equality in the field of knowledge about both genders, which is particularly important in order to be better aware of specific problems of each gender and to initiate a constructive dialogue about both genders, which is particularly important in order to be better aware of specific problems of each gender and to initiate a constructive dialogue.
Smurto prieš vaikus tematika dienraštyje “Lietuvos rytas” (2002 m.)
Authors: Dabkevičiūtė Lina
Published: January 2019

It is hard to analyse a theme about violence against children because of the lack of the trustworthiness data, which reflect the real situation. The statistics we have at present day reflect only cases, which come to light. Because of this situation the only source of knowledge – mass media. The themes of articles, their size, the style of writing and intensity control the thought of society and form a public criminal discourse, which is often based on myths, stereotypes and opinions. Mass media gives us distorted view of real situation. This article analyses what view of violence against children presents Lithuanian press, concretely daily paper “Lietuvos rytas”.
Socialinis kapitalas: nuo mokslinių tyrimo perspektyvų
prie empirinių pastebėjimų. Gero valdymo klausimas
Authors: Matonytė Irmina
Published: January 2019

Social capital is a term, which is widely used in social sciences today. The concept has been coined by the French philosopher and sociologist Pierre Bourdieu and popularized by the American political scientist Robert Putnam. However, the two authors talk of rather different phenomena while using the same term; they assign different importance (cause-effect) to different components and events of the social life; they draw rather dissimilar recommendations concerning actions of the public authorities and individuals.
In this text the two theories are outlined, then some data from the survey “Social capital in Kaunas and Kaunas region” conducted in spring 2003 are presented and interpreted. The interpretation does not allow much hope that the social capital understood as participation in social activities and voluntary organizations might in some automatic (miraculous) way – without changing power relations and increasing material well being of the majority of social groups – lead to enhanced citizenship and community development.
Active and responsible role of the municipalities (local authorities) might be one of the actual leverages to encourage and improve development of civil society (non-governmental organizations). Sociological research shows that the social capital in a constructive way shall be understood as dependent variable, which might be positively influenced (affected) by the “good” governance.
Filantropija postkomunistinėje visuomenėje: strateginis veiksmas ar socialinio atsakingumo apraiška?
Authors: Vaidelytė-Tamulynienė Eglė
Published: January 2019

Together with the national Independence and the free market re-establishment, philanthropic tradition are returning back to the Lithuanian society. However philanthropy already appears in its modern qualities based not only on pure Christian morality, but also having some expressions of corporative social responsibility, strategic action. This paper is dwelling on the analysis of philanthropic phenomenon in post-communist settings revealing the dichotomy between philanthropy as social responsibility and its corporative strategic aspects. The analysis is based on interpretation of empirical and statistical data, as well as theoretical insights.
Moterų karjeros ir šeimos dilemos
Authors: Reingardienė Jolanta
Published: January 2019

On the basis of qualitative research, this study analyzes the experiences of women in their career development and the construction of success in their own terms. The particular focus is given to women’s experiences during their childhood socialization (gender differences in identity formation, the quality of parent-child relationship, maternal influence as a positive model of femininity), which is based on the enduring belief that women’s childhood experiences may provide some of the antecedents of successful career achievements. The dilemmas of women’s career and their family roles are the second major focus of this study. They have been revealed by analyzing the effect of family on women’s career development, different strategies to overcome role conflict and to integrate professional and private lives.
Diskursyviojo post- ir meninės tiesos pradų sąlytis, arba hermeneutinės dekonstrukcijos link
Authors: Valantiejus Algimantas
Published: January 2019

Review: Rubavičius, Vytautas. 2003. Postmodernusis diskursas:
filosofinė hermeneutika, dekonstrukcija, menas. Vilnius: kultūros, filosofijos ir meno institutas.
Lyčių lygybės strategijos pasiekimai ir iššūkiai
Authors: Novikova Irina
Published: January 2019

The Baltic States have made a considerable progress in meeting gender equality directives of European Union (EU) in line with the proclaimed fundamental democratic values of Member States and of Union enlargement policy. Despite progress, equality in day-to-day life is still undermined by structural gender in equalities and unequal access to rights enjoyed by women and men in practice. The issues of women’s unemployment, poverty, age, and ethnic background clearly manifest the political preferences by national governances of the Baltic States for the expert-bureaucratic model, based on ‘integrationist’ approach to gender equality policies and gender mainstreaming, adapted to the national neo-liberal modifications of the former Soviet gender contract.
Konfliktinė hegemonija: žiniasklaida ir moterys Lietuvoje bei Europos Sąjungoje
Authors: Tereškinas Artūras
Published: January 2019

Recent research has demonstrated that there has been little improvement in quality of media coverage of women in Lithuania. Women’s images are usually sexualized, stereotyped or simply negative. In the media portrayals, women are often confined to the private sphere of home.

The article focuses on media representations of women in the context of women-and-media policies in EU and Lithuania. Analyzing the EU, UN and Lithuanian communication policy documents and describing briefly the key media and gender issues in EU and Lithuania, it demonstrates the lack of gender-equal media policy and the sluggishness with which the existing media policy with regard to gender issues is enforced in Lithuania.

Addressing the pluralism of women’s roles and images in the media, and fair and sufficient media coverage of women, the article also discusses feminist and post-feminist media studies that could offer more complex and sophisticated media research strategies.

The article also proposes some recommendations that could change, to some degree, the existing media and gender situation for the better. The author suggests that policy recommendations need a strong network of public, official and private institutions in order to be implemented successfully.

Placing considerable importance on eliminating stereotypes of women and on promoting diverse and nonstereotyped images of women in the media, the article uses the term “conflicted hegemony”. “Conflicted hegemony” implies that the media provide a site for conflicts and debates over different interpretations of the dominant culture, and that ideological counter-tendencies always appear in the dominant ideological forms. Policy recommendations, media research techniques and alternative media interpretations by their consumers can serve as resistance strategies to this hegemony.
Lyčių nelygybės matavimai ir interpretacija Europos Sąjungoje
Authors: Tamutienė Ilona
Published: January 2019

This article aims to review and to interpret the gender equity in the political, economical and social areas in the EU. The work is based on Human development perspective and methodology. The article consists of two parts. First part gives an explanation about human development and its measurements methodology such as human development index (HDI), gender-related development index (GDI), gender empowerment measure (GEM). The second part of article argues main thesis: high socioeconomic development automatically does not guarantee equity and equality for both woman and man. According to the data of global Human Development report the greater the gender disparity in basic human development, the lower is a country’s GDI relative to its HDI. Sweden, Latvia, Denmark, Finland have the closest correspondence between HDI and GDI. Ireland, Luxembourg, Austria, Belgium, Greece shows highest gender inequality rates. GEM shows that gender equity gaps in political, economic participation and decisionmaking and power over economic resources exist in all EU states members. HDI, GDI, GEM shows that Lithuania does not reach the average of EU. Article concludes that gender inequality problems exist in each EU country and does not depend directly from economical achievement. The good experience of Scandinavian countries gender policy indicates that for gender equity it is necessary to mainstream gender policy.
Ar pakankamos prielaidos šeimos politikos revoliucijai?
Authors: Snieškienė Dalija
Published: January 2019

Review: Stankūnaitė, Vlada; Jonkarytė, Aiva; Mikulionienė, Sarmitė; Mitrikas, Algimantas Alfonsas; Maslauskaitė, Aušra. 2003. Šeimos revoliucija? Iššūkiai šeimos politikai. Vilnius: Socialinių tyrimų institutas.
Viduržemio garbės samprata ir tai, kas už jos. Socialinis reputacijos valdymas viešojoje srityje
Authors: Giordano Christian
Published: January 2019

This article aims at reconstructing the logic of honor by analyzing the classic example of Mediterranean societies, which on several occasions have been labeled, rightly or wrongly, “honor and shame societies”. Consequently, we will show that honor strengthens the hierarchic order and class structure of these societies. And, far more important, we will highlight that honor is not so much a moral code as rather a language and set of rational social strategies whose purpose is the skilful management of one’s individual and group reputation by trying to avoid being publicly discredited and humiliated. The struggle for recognition is thus strictly linked to the strenuous defense of one’s mask and façade, both against the constant threats of enemies and rivals acting in the arenas of public opinion. The final part of this article will show how these characteristics of Mediterranean honor – too hurriedly written off as archaic, obsolete, and dying out – can paradoxically be detected in modern societies’ management of reputation. The logic of honor will thus be presented as a transcultural phenomenon that goes beyond the historical context as well as the ethnographic and geographical ones.
Machismo: varžymasis dėl garbės (Siciliškosios patirties studijos)
Authors: Žvinklienė Alina
Published: January 2019

The article analyzes „machismo“ as a cultural phenomenon which attains international significance because the processes of globalization on the one hand and of gender studies on the other. The concept of „machismo“ and its derivate „macho“ becomes a buzz-word in the eveday discourses in the english-speaking world. The aim of the article is to define the concept of „machismo“ and to develop a sociological interpretation of the concept of „honor“.
Smurto prieš moteris priežastys ir prevencija
Authors: Gustainienė Marytė
Published: January 2019

In this article are analysed reasons of violence for women in the family: the influence of patriarchalism model, poverty, the view for woman in the contect of history, depresion, discord and conflicts between members of family. On the ground of G. D. Myers, J. Gilligan, P. L. Berger, A. M. Pavilionienė, K. Miškinis and other authors ideas, there are explained origin of violence for women, the whole of values, traditions, customs, habits and attitudes what have influence for inequality of sex. In the modern society the role of woman is very depreciated, because the women are sold to slavery, they are beat, killed.

The results of investigation proved, that women conflict and cross with their husbands, because they drink hard, humiliate wives, don’t agree for education of children, for poverty in their family. Husbands attach a little attention for their wives. They don’t like, that wives don’t take care for them. Women difficulty experience the violence, they feel strain and fear, hatred and humiliation.

Some women aren’t independent and confident, because they married with that man who harmed woman before wedding. Women complain to friends, neighbours, relatives about violence from husband, but only some women inform for police. The facts aren’t solved, because the women forgive for their violenctions, live with them and suffer.

The sociological investigations are the best ilustration of fact, that the women are depended on economy conditions in the family. This depending is connected with physical violence. In this article are explained prevention possibilities (the Women crisis centres, psichology services, ungovernment organizations). Its are explained some standpoints about punishments for thees, who beats and harms women. There are some ideas from Criminal Code of Lithuanian Republic and UNIFEM organization about the violence for women. The author of this article thinks, that the society has to know about problems in the families.