bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
1-methylcyclopropene and Harvest Maturity Impact ‘Ma’afala’ Breadfruit Postharvest Storage
Authors: Wiseman Benjamin J. , Paull Robert E. , Lincoln Noa K. , Wall Marisa M.
Published: May 2023

Breadfruit marketing is limited by its rapid ripening and deterioration after harvest; therefore, improved postharvest practices may facilitate breadfruit marketing. This study examined the effect of harvest maturity and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on the postharvest quality of ‘Ma’afala’ breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis). Breadfruit was harvested at 13, 15, and 17 weeks after flowering, and half of each harvest was treated with 1 μL⋅L−1 of 1-MCP for 20 hours. During storage, the weight of the fruit, hand feeling, skin color, respiration rate, and ethylene production rate were evaluated every other day until the fruit deteriorated. Compared with untreated fruit, 1-MCP treatment delayed the climacteric respiratory peak by 6 days (65% delay), delayed complete softening by 7 days (63% delay), and increased uniformity in the number of days to the climacteric respiratory peak and complete softening. Skin discoloration was delayed during the earliest harvest period by 5 days (108% delay). Picking breadfruit at early harvest maturity may be useful for preventing discoloration, and 1-MCP may be useful for preventing softening.
Effects of Genotype, Light, and Plant Growth Regulators on Rhizome Browning, Proliferation, and Sprouting in Cymbidium
Authors: Peng Meng-xuan , Chen Ru-meng , Wei Qian , Guo He-rong , Zeng Rui-zhen , Xie Li , Zhang Zhi-sheng , Chen Jianjun
Published: May 2023

Chinese cymbidiums are important flowering ornamental plants. Traditional propagation via seed or division cannot satisfy growers’ demand for commercialization of new cultivars, and in vitro propagation has a low micropropagation efficiency due to the browning of rhizomes. In this study, rhizomes of Cymbidium ‘14-16-13’ and ‘14-16-5’ were cultured on half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6-benzyl aminopurine (BAP), NAA (α-napthaleneacetic acid), or BAP with NAA under either the dark or light. The degree of browning was read, and rhizome proliferation or sprouting (sprout numbers) was evaluated. Results showed that there was significant difference in browning grade of rhizomes between ‘14-16-13’ and ‘14-16-5’ regardless of dark and light culture. Dark culture induced rhizome proliferation but failed to induce sprouts. Light culture slightly elevated the degree of browning but induced sprouting. Among the growth regulators evaluated, BAP was more effective for sprout induction. As rhizome browning appeared to be inevitable in micropropagation of the cymbidiums, a compromise between browning and sprout production could be a realistic approach. Our study showed that rhizomes cultured on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg·L−1 BAP were able to produce more than 16 sprouts per vessel even though browning occurred in the rhizomes. Thus, culturing rhizomes in this medium could be a practical solution for in vitro propagation of Chinese cymbidiums.
Quantum bit threads
Authors: Rolph Andrew
Published: May 2023

We give a bit thread prescription that is equivalent to the quantum extremal surface prescription for holographic entanglement entropy. Our proposal is inspired by considerations of bit threads in doubly holographic models, and equivalence is established by proving a generalisation of the Riemannian max-flow min-cut theorem. We explore our proposal’s properties and discuss ways in which islands and spacetime are emergent phenomena from the quantum bit thread perspective.
PSYCHIATRIC MORBIDITIES AND BURDEN IN CAREGIVERS OF PATIENTS OF OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER
Authors:   Department of Psychiatry., Raghav Oza , Pawan Rathi ,   Department of Psychiatry., Hiral Kotadia ,   Sri Aurobindo Medical College & PG Institute-Indore (M.P.)., Jitendra Keshwani ,   Sri Aurobindo Medical College & PG Institute-Indore (M.P.)., Apurva Tiwari ,   Department of Psychiatry., Srikanth Reddy ,   Sri Aurobindo Medical College & PG Institute-Indore (M.P.).
Published: May 2023

Background: Obsessiveâ€“compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic mental disorder that can be a source of emotional, financial and/or social burden for family caregivers. Few studies have investigated family caregiving for patients diagnosed with OCD in relation to the coping strategies being used from a theoretical perspective. This study evaluated the burden and coping strategies of family caregivers for people diagnosed with OCD. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, in which 94 participants diagnosed with OCD and their caregivers were surveyed using Burden assessment schedule (BAS) used to measure burden among caregivers of patients of OCD. Results: The mean ages of the patients were 36.03 + 12.03 and the caregivers were 43.28 + 14.76. Only 46.8% of the caregivers were female, compared to 74.5% of the patients who were female. Patients spouses made up half of the caregivers (50%) and parents made up almost a quarter (22%) The average length of the illness was 8.10Â± 6.60 years, and the average length of the cure was 4.04 Â±4.47 years. The mean BAS score for the caregiver was 39.52 Â±12.99. The Relationship Between Sociodemographic, Clinical, Quality-of-Life, and Disease Burden of Patients The BAS scores of caregivers who had patients who thought their income was low were significantly higher than those of the other caregivers (p=0.013). Conclusions: Designing strategic interventions for family caregiver coping is necessary to support the unique burdens and coping mechanisms faced by family caregivers of people with OCD.
ROLE OF CORD BLOOD CRP AND CULTURES IN DIAGNOSIS OF NEONATAL SEPSIS
Authors:   Junior Resident Final Year, Department of Paediatrics., Kumar Srivastav Dhavel , Jeet Singh Bhadoria Vikram ,   Senior Resident, Department of Paediatrics School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda Hospital.
Published: May 2023

Background: Sepsis has killed about 30â€“40% of low-income neonates, often caused by maternal-fetal microorganisms. PROM affects 3% of pregnancies, aside from chorioamnionitis, untreated UTI, etc. Many studies have predicted neonatal sepsis by detecting inflammatory markers in venous blood 12â€“24 hours after birth. Some studies have tested CBC, CRP, and blood culture in babies with PROM and other risk factors to predict early-onset neonatal sepsis by drawing umbilical cord blood. Hence, we performed this study to determine the role of CRP and blood cultures from umbilical cord blood to determine early-onset sepsis. Methods: This was a prospective observational study performed in Sharda university, Greater Noida. 122 neonates within 72 hours of birth born via full term vaginal delivery, after 37 completed 37 weeks of gestation. The neonates were then divided in the two groups- neonates with likely sepsis or no sepsis based on the symptoms. Following this, umbilical cord blood was drawn at 24 hours and 72 hours. Results: we observed that 32.47% of the neonates in the likely sepsis group had confirmed evidence, while 3.4% in the no sepsis group we found to have evidence of sepsis. The differences was statistically significant (p< 0.05). CRP was higher in umbilical cord blood and venous blood in likely sepsisneonates, in comparison to than blood culture yields and total WBC. Compared to the non-infected control group, the differences were statistically significant (P value 0.05). CRP demonstrated 100% sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV in cord blood and 100%, 77.1%, 27.3%, and 100% in venous blood at 24 hours. Conclusion: Neonates with the higher risk of sepsis had higher readings in umbilical cord blood at birth and newborn venous blood at 24 hrs., but not at 72 hours, Also,negative CRP readings better excluded infection. Early-onset sepsis cannot be diagnosed by umbilical cord blood cultures.
BURNS IN PREGNANCY: ABOUT FIVE CASES REPORTS AND A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors:   Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, CHU Mohamed VI, Marrakech, Morocco., M. Marzak , O. Elatiqi ,   Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, CHU Mohamed VI, Marrakech, Morocco., D. Laamrani ,   Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, CHU Mohamed VI, Marrakech, Morocco., Y. Benchamkha ,   Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, CHU Mohamed VI, Marrakech, Morocco.
Published: May 2023

A five-year retrospective study of pregnant womenhospitalized at the Mohamed VI hospital in Marrakech was conducted to determine the etiology and outcome of pregnant patients with burns. Five patients were included and were classified according to gestational age, mechanism of burn, burn characteristics, and maternal and fetal outcome. The average age of patients was 33 years. Total body surface area burned averaged (TBSAB) was 27% (15-40%). Out of the five pregnant patients, one was in her second trimester of pregnancy (20%), while the remaining four were in their third trimester (80%). The average duration of hospitalization was 28 days. Infection was the primary complication observed in all five patients, with the risk of premature delivery being the second most common complication. Three of the patients underwent tocolysis to prevent premature labor, while one gave birth to a premature child. On the other hand, no patient presented a thromboembolic complication. Three patients benefited from a relief incision on admission. Three patients were grafted. The other lesions epidermis through direct healing with a tulle fatty dressing and Agiderm if there is a sign of infection (as silver sulfadiazine is prohibited for pregnant women). This protocol is daily repeated in case of infection. The evolution of pregnancy in our series was marked by the occurrence of repeated threat of premature delivery that we managed for four patients who gave birth at term by V/B without incident, except for one who gave birth by C/Sat32 weeks of amenorrhea.
COMPOSTOS PERFLUORADOS: UMA AMEAÇA AO OCEANO LIMPO
Authors: Leonel Juliana , Nascimento Rodrigo , Miranda Daniele
Published: May 2023

PERFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS: A THREAT TO THE CLEAN OCEAN. Per- and polyfluorinated compounds (PFAS) have been produced for more than seven decades and widely used in the most diverse areas, from food packaging, textile industry, aqueous film-forming foam to pesticides and surfactants. However, the characteristics that allow the wide range of applications also bring environmental concerns due to their persistence and toxic effects. Although the ocean might be the final destination of PFAS, in Brazil few studies have been carried out about PFAS and there are many gaps regarding their environmental occurrence, sources and distribution. Therefore, this article presents a review of the production, use, behavior in the environment, legislation, the occurrence of classic PFAS in the Brazilian marine environment, as well as perceptions about their fluorinated substitutes.
Lovemarks e investigaciones académicas en mercadotecnia: avance de un proceso de revisión sistemática de literatura
Authors: Uribe-Torres Giomar Alexander , Romero-Jiménez Wilfredo , Rojas-Berrio Sandra , Robayo-Pinzón Oscar
Published: May 2023

Este documento presenta los resultados de un proceso de Revisión Sistemática de Literatura (RSL), cuyo objetivo es analizar el alcance o el nivel investigativo académico sobre lovemarks o marcas amadas en el contexto de marketing. La ecuación de búsqueda que se diseñó para encontrar los productos académicos relacionados es operada en la base de datos científica Scopus de la siguiente forma: (TITLE-ABS-KEY (lovemarks OR (brand AND love). Así mismo, para la visualización de la información se utiliza el programa VOS viewer. Como resultado, la búsqueda arroja un total de 422 documentos. Tras el proceso de depuración se analizan en ellos los aspectos conceptuales, teóricos y metodológicos de 151 resúmenes. Los resultados preliminares exponen la distribución geográfica de los resultados, los autores representativos, el tipo de documentos, las revistas en las que se ha publicado sobre el tema y las variables utilizadas para las perspectivas conceptuales, es decir, “lovemarks”, “love” y “brand”.
Diseño de una ruta turística para la zona centro del departamento del Huila
Authors: Calderón-Barrera Lilia Socorro , Vélez-Trujillo Maryuri
Published: May 2023

El presente artículo evidencia el diseño de una ruta turística para la zona centro del departamento del Huila, considerando el inventario de recursos turísticos, la selección de los atractivos turísticos que conforman la ruta, los prestadores de servicios, el trazado del circuito y el itinerario turístico cultural. El estudio tuvo un enfoque mixto, un diseño narrativo y no experimental transversal exploratorio y descriptivo, donde la población beneficiaria son los pobladores, aportantes, entes territoriales y gubernamentales. Dentro del inventario turístico se destaca el turismo de naturaleza y el ecoturismo en 65 sitios, con 195 608,7 hectáreas de tierras dedicadas a la agricultura como actividad económica predominante por el cultivo del café, el turismo cultural y religioso. Los atractivos turísticos naturales y de patrimonio cultural seleccionados para la ruta fueron 35 y 15; los prestadores de servicios están registrados en la Cámara de Comercio y el trazado del circuito de la ruta pasa por la troncal 45, inicia en el municipio de Gigante y finaliza en el municipio de Suaza. El itinerario se elaboró de acuerdo con el trazado del circuito y se concluye con la necesidad de prospectar y promover el emprendimiento turístico en la zona.
Resveratrol Inhibits Restenosis through Suppressing Proliferation, Migration
and Trans-differentiation of Vascular Adventitia Fibroblasts
via Activating SIRT1
Authors: Li Mengyun , Luo Lan , Xiong Ying , Wang Fuyu , Xia Yun , Zhang Zongze , Ke Jianjuan
Published: May 2023

Aim:

After the balloon angioplasty, vascular adventitia fibroblasts (VAFs), which proliferate, trans-differentiate to myofibroblasts and migrate to neointima, are crucial in restenosis. Resveratrol (RSV) has been reported to protect the cardiovascular by reducing restenosis and the mechanism remains unclear.

Methods:

This study was dedicated to investigate the effect of RSV on VAFs in injured arteries and explore the potential mechanism. In this work, carotid artery balloon angioplasty was performed on male SD rats to ensure the injury of intima and VAFs were isolated to explore the effects in vitro. The functional and morphological results showed the peripheral delivery of RSV decreased restenosis of the injured arteries and suppressed the expression of proliferation, migration and transformation related genes. Moreover, after being treated with RSV, the proliferation, migration and trans-differentiation of VAFs were significantly suppressed and exogenous TGF-β1 can reverse this effect.

Result:

Mechanistically, RSV administration activated SIRT1 and decreased the translation and expression of TGF-β1, SMAD3 and NOX4, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) decreased significantly after VAFs treated with RSV.

Conclusion:

Above results indicated RSV inhibited restenosis after balloon angioplasty through suppressing proliferation, migration and trans-differentiation of VAFs via regulating SIRT1- TGF-β1-SMAD3-NOX4 to decrease ROS.
The Metabolic Pathways and Products of Ten Aconitum Alkaloids in Sanwujiao Pills
from Eight Organs of Mice by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS
Authors: Pei Wen-Han , Huang Yu-Feng , Xie Ying , Qu Yuan , He Fan , Zhou Hua
Published: May 2023

Background:

Sanwujiao pill (SWJP) is a Chinese herbal preparation widely used in China. It is an essential
medicine for treating rheumatism and blood stasis. However, its safety in clinical use has always been the focus
of patients because it contains toxic herbs of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. and A. vilmorinianum Kom.

Objective:

To further reveal the pharmaceutical and toxic effect substances and the action mechanism of SWJPs, the
metabolites and their pathways of ten Aconitum alkaloids (AAs) in the preparation at different time points after oral
administration in eight organs of mice were investigated.

Method:

The biosamples were investigated by a four-step strategy of UPLC-Q-TOF-MS /MS technology.

Results:

Aconitine (AC), mesaconitine (MA), and hypaconitine (HA) were not detected in any organs. The highest
concentrations of the other seven AAs occurred at 0.5 h. Yunaconitine (YAC) was not detected in the brain; all seven
AAs had the lowest concentration in the brain, and the metabolism was slow in the stomach. Twelve predicted metabolites
were identified, the kidney and stomach were their primary distribution locations, and the most metabolites
were found at 0.5h. The main metabolic pathways of the ten AAs were demethylation, deethylation, deoxygenation,
hydroxylation, and deacetylation.

Conclusion:

This is the first report about the metabolism of ten AAs in SWJPs in mice. Significantly, the metabolic
pathways and products of four hidden toxic AAs were analyzed in vivo for the first time. The results were of great
significance for the safety and effectiveness of SWJPs in clinical application.
Cholinergic Transporters Serve as Potential Targets in Alzheimer’s
Disease
Authors: Bist Renu , Bhatt D.K.
Published: May 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a specific brain disease that gradually worsens
due to dementia over a long period. AD accounts for almost 60% to 80% of cases of
dementia. Any damage to neurons affects their ability to communicate, leading to
alteration in thinking, behaviour and feelings. Besides mental, motor abilities of an
individual may also be affected due to AD. Therefore, it is cardinal to understand the key
mechanisms by which either AD progression can be ceased or, after the onset of the
disease it could be reverted. Both of these steps need the identification of a particular
receptor or a molecular marker through which a drug can enter the neurons. Cholinergic
transporters are such potential targets of AD, which regulate the movement of
acetylcholine and thus regulate the nerve impulse conduction in the brain. The current
article entails information regarding a variety of cholinergic transporters, which will
provide a research gap to the global scientific community.
AmpC Inhibition: An Explicit Approach against Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR)
Authors: Kaushik Manish , Kaushik Aditi , Jain Akash , Chaudhary Jasmine , Gupta Vrinda
Published: May 2023

Multi-drug resistance and its transmission is a ubiquitous health issue worldwide. The beta-lactamase AmpC resistance is a major concern among all health settings like hospitals and child care centers, etc. The clinical pipeline of the new antibiotics remains dry due to the production of AmpC beta-lactamases by the bacteria to develop resistance against antibiotics. According to the global antimicrobial resistance and use surveillance system, the rate of resistance to ciprofloxacin an antibiotic commonly used to treat urinary tract infections, varied from 8.4% to 92.9% for Escherichia coli and from 4.1% to 79.4% for Klebsiellapneumoniae in different countries. The lack of comprehensiveness within the data makes a choice problematic for the selection of appropriate β- lactam antibiotic for the treatment of resistant microorganisms. Most experts agree it is prudent to avoid expanded-spectrum (i.e. third-generation) cephalosporins for the treatment of organisms posing the greatest risk of AmpC induction. Nonetheless, the development of specific inhibitors for the AmpC enzyme, either naturally or synthetically, is only unfolding. To date, there is no single and clinically active drug available that inhibits the AmpC enzyme and combats multidrug resistance and its transmission in individuals. The deficit of the enzyme inhibitor focused the researchers to work in the area. This present review will emphasize on the chemistry, and structure of clinically important and potent inhibitors against AmpC enzymes.
A Review of the Therapeutic Importance of Indole Scaffold in Drug
Discovery
Authors: Teraiya Nishith , Agrawal Khushbu , Patel Tarun M. , Patel Archita , Patel Samir , Shah Umang , Shah Shaileshkumar , Rathod Khushman , Patel Krupa
Published: May 2023

Indole is known as a versatile heterocyclic building block for its multiple pharmacological activities and has a high probability of success in the race for drug candidates. Many natural products, alkaloids, and bioactive heterocycles contain indole as the active principle pharmacophore. These encourage the researchers to explore it as a lead in the drug development process. The current manuscript will serve as a torchbearer for understanding the structurally diverse class of indole derivatives with extensive pharmacological activity. The current manuscript describes the intermediates and their functional groups responsible for superior biological activity compared to the standard. The review is written to help researchers to choose leads against their target but also to provide crucial insight into the design of a hybrid pharmacophore-based approach in drug design with enhanced potential. The present reviews on the indole derivatives correlate the structures with biological activities as well as essential pharmacophores, which were highlighted. The discussion was explored under challenging targets like dengue, chikungunya (anti-viral), antihypertensive, diuretic, immunomodulator, CNS stimulant, antihyperlipidemic, antiarrhythmic, anti-Alzheimer’s, and neuroprotective, along with anticancer, antitubercular, antimicrobial, anti-HIV, antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, antileishmanial, anti-anthelmintic, and enzyme inhibitors. So, this review includes a discussion of 19 different pharmacological targets for indole derivatives that could be utilized to derive extensive information needed for ligand-based drug design. The article will guide the researchers in the selection, design of lead and pharmacophore, and ligand-based drug design using indole moiety.
The Role of Vitamin D in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Risk and Supplementation Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Asgari Savadjani Shahin , Sherwin Catherine MT , Heidari-Soureshjani Saeid , Darvishi Mohammad , Mohammadian Amiri Mehdi
Published: May 2023

Background:

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a debilitating neuropathy that accompa-nies pain and other physical limitations and disrupts the normal functioning of the victims' lives.

Objective:

We aimed to investigate Vitamin D's preventive and therapeutic effects on the occur-rence and remission of CTS symptoms.

Methods:

In this systematic review the PRISMA statement has been designed primarily. An exten-sive search was undertaken in various databases, including PubMed, Cochrane library, Web of Sci-ence, EMBASE, and Scopus. After considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study, fi-nally, 19 articles were retrieved. The raw data were extracted and entered into an Excel form, and the study outcomes were investigated.

Results:

The main symptoms and tests, including functional score, nerve conduction, and pain, were improved after Vitamin D supplementation in CTS patients. However, they revealed worse scores in people with low Vitamin D levels. In addition, the scores of mentioned indices were worsened in people with lower serum Vitamin D levels. Nevertheless, some studies did not find a significant re-lationship between low serum 25(OH)D and more significant pain scores in CTS patients. In addi-tion, Vitamin D inserts its effects on CTS by regulating cell proliferation, nerve growth factor, sup-pression of oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines, and improvement in cartilage and micro-vascular damage.

Conclusion:

Vitamin D supplementation can improve the symptoms in CTS patients, and low se-rum 25(OH)D can aggravate the symptoms of the disease and could be a risk factor for its occur-rence. However, more observational studies and clinical trials are needed.
Mixed Endometrioid Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary: A Case Report
Authors: Hasanzadeh Malihe , Esmaeilpour Maryam , Mohammadi Mahdieh
Published: May 2023

Background:

Despite the high percentage of pure forms of epithelial ovarian cancers
(EOC), mixed epithelial cancer of the ovary is extremely rare and accounts for less than 1% percent of
all epithelial ovarian cancers. Because of the low prevalence; there are only a few cases of mixed epithelial
cancers published in the literature. This study presents the case of a mixed endometrioid
(EC)/clear cell carcinoma (CCC), diagnosed in a woman with a complaint of low back pain and a history
of infertility.

Case Report:

We report the case of a 35-year-old woman who came to our clinic complaining of progressive
back pain and a history of infertility. Imaging showed a left ovarian mass that was compatible
with malignant tumors. The patient underwent open surgery and a frozen section evaluation of the tumor
was done during the operation. The pathology result demonstrated mixed CCC/EC histology in
the left ovary. We decided to perform a total abdominal hysterectomy as well as right salpingooophorectomy,
omentectomy, bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy, and para-aortic lymphadenectomy.
Adjuvant chemotherapy was administrated postoperatively.

Conclusion:

Although epithelial cancers account for more than 90% of all ovarian cancers (OC), developing
mixed forms of epithelial cancers is extremely rare, and there are little data available in the
literature about their presentation and histopathological features. The main purpose of this article was
to report a mixed CCC/EC and to discuss different aspects of this rare histologic type of OC. More research
is needed to determine metastatic potential as well as the likelihood of recurrence of these
unique neoplasms.
Enrichment of Isaria felina Culture with Selenium Enhances its in vivo Antitumor
Effects on H22 Hepatoma via Decreasing the Expression of VEGF
Authors: Yang Xihua , Yang Yongming , Zhao Lili , Chen Lixia , Wang Jing , Yan Lei , Ma Jinfeng
Published: May 2023

Background:

The polysaccharide extract of C. sinensis, Isaria felina (IF), has antitumor effects. Selenium
(Se) can improve disease prevention and reduce the toxicity of toxic elements, but the effect of Se-enriched IF on hepatoma
remains unknown.

Objective:

To determine the organic transformation of Se and compare the antitumor effects between Se-enriched IF
(IF-Se) and IF on xenograft H22 hepatoma-bearing mice.

Methods:

Se was added to the solid-state culture medium, and the organic Se content was detected by HPLC-ICP-MS.
Forty-two Kunming mice were randomly divided into seven groups to test the antitumor effects of low- (300 mg/kg)
and high- (600 mg/kg) doses of IF-Se and IF through xenograft. Huai’er granules were administered as the positive
control. In addition, interleukin (IL)-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expressions were measured by
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry method.

Results:

The conversion rate in the IF-Se70, IF-Se140, and IF-Se280 groups were 91.5%, 93.4%, and 89.3%, respectively.
Therefore, IF-Se140 was used to carry out the subsequent experiments. The tumor inhibition rates of IF-Se were
significantly higher compared with IF (P < 0.05). Moreover, the spleen coefficient, IL-2, and VEGF expression levels
significantly decreased (all Ps < 0.05), and the thymus coefficient significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the high-dose
IF-Se group compared with the model control group.

Conclusion:

The inhibitory effects of IF on H22 hepatoma-bearing mice were enhanced after Se enrichment. Therefore,
Se-enriched IF might be a new strategy for treating hepatoma.
Nano Drug Delivery Systems: A Mini-review
Authors: Syam Kumar Valli Nachiyar , Sunkar Swetha , Selvaraj Karthick Raja Namasivayam , Nellore Jayshree
Published: May 2023

Medical nanotechnology is surfacing as a challenging arena covering new biomedical applications,
such as drug delivery, treatment, nano diagnosis, controlled drug release, regenerative medicine,
and disease prevention. The recent developments in the field of Nanotechnology have enabled the
nanostructures to overcome the problems associated with drug delivery making them the promising
agents for site-specific drug delivery with reduced side effects and the best treatment outcome. These
nanodrug delivery systems are designed in such a way that they can breach the biological barrier and deliver
the drug in a site-specific manner. They enhance the effectiveness of drugs by increasing the stability
and water solubility of drugs and by increasing the rate at which these nano drug complexes are taken
up by the cells and tissues. Dendrimers, nanocrystals, nano-polymer NPs, and liposomes are futuristic
nano-based drug delivery systems. Smart polymers are future drug-delivery systems with cutting-edge
precise technology that are employed in effective cellular targeting based on temperature, pH, photoresponsive,
conductive and magnetic responsive smart polymers. This review provides a comprehensive
view of various nanostructures and their application in drug delivery.
Aluminum Nano Stars with Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance and
Field Enhancement
Authors: Sharma Chhaya , Katyal Jyoti , Singh Rina
Published: May 2023

Aim:

The Finite Difference Time Domain approach has been used to assess the localised surface
plasmon resonance and field enhancement for Al nanostars. The structure's potential as a refractive
index sensor has been demonstrated.

Background:

Research on plasmonics has been possible in a variety of domains, including sensors,
SERS, solar cells, and others, due to a tenability in the plasmon wavelength caused by a simple change in
shape, size, or external environment. The growth of plasmonics has been greatly aided by the creation of
novel ways for creating metallic nanostructures and a large deal of work on the creation of numerical algorithms
to cope with arbitrarily shaped metallic nanostructures. The LSPR and field enhancement of an Al
nano-star were the main topics of this paper. A larger RIS factor is obtained after adjusting the refractive
index sensitivity parameter, making it appropriate for refractive index-based sensor nanostructures.

Objective:

This study's primary goal is to provide a comparative analysis of the refractive index sensitivity
factor for Al nanostars dependent on their size and number of arms.

Methods:

Al nano star's LSPR and field enhancement have been assessed using the Finite Difference
Time Domain (FDTD).

Results:

By altering the size and number of arms of the nano star, the tenability of the plasmonic peak has
been assessed, and it has been found that the peak is sensitive to the ambient dielectric constant. A study has
been done on the refractive index sensitivity parameter. A higher sensitivity of about 370 nm/RIU, which
is significantly higher than that of other metallic Nanostar (NS), is seen after adjusting the size and number of
arms. A wide range of applications is covered by the Al NS field enhancement pattern, which exhibits
stronger enhancement with no aggregation at the plasmon peak.

Conclusion:

For LSPR sensing applications, the impact of modifying the environmental dielectric constant
is examined. By changing the size and quantity of the Al NS's arms, we were able to compare the
refractive index sensitivity parameter. The bigger size NS exhibits more peaks due to the contribution of
the multipole; however, after tuning a number of parameters, better sensitivity in comparison to Au and
Ag nanostar has been attained. Al NS can therefore be a promising sensing material for refractive index
sensing employing LSPR properties.
Multi-Objective Optimization in the Presence of OGIPFC Using NSMMP Algorithm
Authors: Mallala Balasubbareddy , Papana Venkata Prasad , Palle Kowstubha
Published: May 2023

Background:

Customers expect quality, uninterrupted power with cost-effective electricity
in the latest trend. However, outages, severe storms, old infrastructure, and cost pressures can
lead to ambiguity in power generation and transmission. To improve line power transmission capability,
the right flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) device may save millions of dollars.

Methods:

In this study, a FACTS controller named Optimal Generalized Interline Power Flow Controller
(OGIPFC) was developed. Furthermore, for optimization, the Modified Marine Predator Algorithm
(MMPA), which is a modification of the recently developed Marine Predator Algorithm
(MPA). The optimum technique was used to evaluate a set of prioritized considered objective minimizations.
A variety of factors must be maximized, such as generation cost, emissions, and power
loss.

Results:

The performance of the proposed algorithm was analysed on benchmark test functions, and
then single objective optimization problems of standard IEEE-30 bus system were solved and compared
with the existing algorithms. The proposed algorithm was restricted to solving the single objective
problem only, so it was further implemented with non-dominating sorting to solve the multiobjective
optimization problem. The proposed multi-objective version is named as Non-dominating
Sorting Modified Marine Predator Algorithm (NSMMPA), and it was validated on benchmark test
functions and the IEEE-30 bus system.

Conclusion:

Finally, the OPF problem was solved with the incorporation of OGIPFC using the proposed
methods, which resulted in better solutions and made the system more effective in operation.
Automated System for Movie Review Classification using BERT
Authors: Rana Shivani , Kanji Rakesh , Jain Shruti
Published: May 2023

Aims:

Text classification emerged as an important approach to advancing Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications concerning the available text on the web. To analyze the text, many applications are proposed in the literature.

Background:

The NLP, with the help of deep learning, has achieved great success in automatically sorting text data in predefined classes, but this process is expensive and time-consuming.

Objectives:

To overcome this problem, in this paper, various Machine Learning techniques are studied & implemented to generate an automated system for movie review classification.

Methodology:

The proposed methodology uses the Bidirectional Encoder Representations of the Transformer (BERT) model for data preparation and predictions using various machine learning algorithms like XG boost, support vector machine, logistic regression, naïve Bayes, and neural network. The algorithms are analyzed based on various performance metrics like accuracy, precision, recall and F1 score.

Result:

The results reveal that the 2-hidden layer neural network outperforms the other models by achieving more than 0.90 F1 score in the first 15 epochs and 0.99 in just 40 epochs on the IMDB dataset, thus reducing the time to a great extent.

Conclusion:

100% accuracy is attained using a neural network, resulting in a 15% accuracy improvement and 14.6% F1 score improvement over logistic regression.
Removal of Heavy Metals using Microbial Bioremediation
Authors: Tiwari Deepesh , Hussain Athar , Tiwari Sunil Kumar , Ahmed Salman , Wajahat Sultan Mohd. , Imran Ahamed Mohd.
Published: May 2023

The unorganized dumping of effluents along with different wastes directly
into the water and soil has resulted in the rise of the concentration of many harmful
metals, chemicals, and other gases in the environment. Widely known heavy metals
triggering pollution issues are Lead (Pb), Chromium (Cr), Mercury (Hg), Cadmium
(Cd), Copper (Cu), Arsenic (As) and Selenium (Se), as these heavy metals are
generally found in the effluents of fertilizers, metallurgy, electroplating, and electronics
industries. A number of physical-chemical reactions such as acid-base, oxidation-reducing, precipitation- dissolution, solubilization and ion-exchange processes occur
and affect metal speciation. The physical methods used for heavy metals removal
include magnetic separation, electrostatic separation, mechanical screening method,
hydrodynamic classification, gravity concentration, flotation, and attrition scrubbing.
The chemical methods used for eliminating heavy metals are chemical precipitation,
coagulation and flocculation processes and the heavy metals are therefore removed as
sludge. Electro-deposition, membrane filtration, electro-flotation and electrical
oxidation are the various electrochemical treatment methods that are used to remove
heavy metals from wastewater. Bioremediation is a biological method of eliminating
toxins from the environment by using biological microbial bacteria such as
Pseudomonas and Sphingomonas. Examples of bioremediation technologies include
field farming, bioleaching, phytoremediation, bioventing, bioreactor, bio-stimulation
and composting. Bioremediation is a natural process and is quite applicable as a waste
treatment process for contaminated soils. The microbes present in the solution or soil
can degrade the pollutants. It can also prove to be less expensive than other technologies that are used for clean-up of hazardous waste and are also useful for
the destruction of a wide variety of contaminants as many hazardous compounds can be
transformed into harmless products.
Potential Application of Biological Treatment Methods in Textile Dyes Removal
Authors: Yuliasni Rustiana , Marlena Bekti , Indah Setianingsih Nanik , Kadier Abudukeremu , Budi Kurniawan Setyo , Song Dongsheng , Ma Peng-Cheng
Published: May 2023

The most problematic issue related to textile wastewater is dyes. The
occurrence of toxic and carcinogenic compounds in textile dyes creates aesthetic
problems and affects the aquatic ecosystem. Dyestuff removal methods include
physical, chemical, and biological-based technology. For a more environmentally
friendly process that is low cost, produces less sludge, and needs a lesser amount of
chemicals, biological treatment is preferable technology. To get maximum
effectiveness and efficiency, integrations/ hybrids consisting of several technologies
are commonly used. This chapter is dedicated to exploring the potential of biological
technology to remove dyes from wastewater, especially dyes used in textile industries.
This chapter briefly discusses dyes' characteristics, their utilization, and toxicity.
Deeper reviews about the biodegradation potential of dyes are elaborated, along with a
discussion about biodegradation mechanisms and reviews of either lab-scale or full-scale applications of biological-based technology for dyes treatment. Lastly, this
chapter also gives future insight into the biological treatment of dyes. 
Fungal Bioremediation of Pollutants
Authors: Egwim Evans C. , Oyewole Oluwafemi A. , Yakubu Japhet G.
Published: May 2023

Advancement in industrialization and urbanization has caused an influx of contaminants into the environment polluting the soil, water, and air. These contaminants come in various forms and structures, including heavy metals, petroleum hydrocarbons, industrial dyes, pharmaceutically active compounds, pesticides, and many other toxic chemicals. The presence of these pollutants in the environment poses a serious threat to living things, including humans. Various conventional methods have been developed to tackle this menace, though effective, are however not safe for the ecosystem. Interestingly, bioremediation has offered a cheap, effective, and environmentally safe method for the removal of recalcitrant pollutants from the environment. White-rot fungi (WRF), belonging to the basidiomycetes, have shown class and proven to be an excellent tool in the bioremediation of the most difficult organic pollutants in the form of lignin. White-rot fungi possess extracellular lignin modified enzymes (LMEs) made up of laccases (Lac), manganese peroxidase (MnP), lignin peroxidase (LiP), and versatile peroxidase (VP) that are not specific to a particular substrate, causes opening of aromatic rings and cleavage of bonds through oxidation and reduction among many other pathways. The physiology of WRF, non specificity of LMEs coupled with varying intracellular enzymes such as cytochrome P450 removes pollutants through biodegradation, biosorption, bioaccumulation, biomineralization, and biotransformation, among many other mechanisms. The application of WRF on a laboratory and pilot scale has provided positive outcomes; however, there are a couple of limitations encountered when applied in the field, which can be overcome through improvement in the genome of promising strains. 
Comprehensive Analysis of Video Surveillance System and Applications
Authors: Kishore Sharma Nand , Rahamatkar Surendra , Singh Rathore Abhishek
Published: May 2023

In this growing age of technology, various sensors are used to capture data
from their nearby environments. The captured data is multimedia in nature. For
example, CCTV cameras are used in those places where security matters or where
continuous monitoring is required. Hence object detection, object recognition, and face
recognition became key elements of city surveillance applications. Manual surveillance
seems time-consuming and requires huge space to store the data; hence video
surveillance has a significant contribution to unstructured big data. All surveillance
techniques and approaches are based on Object Tracking, Target Tracking, Object
Recognition, and Object Mobile Tracking Systems (OMTS). The main difficulty,
however, lies in effectively processing them in real time. Therefore, finding a solution
still needs careful consideration. This paper mainly targeting to the smart city
surveillance system and inspects all existing surveillance systems based on various
tremendous technologies like a wireless sensor network, machine learning, and Deep
Learning. The author discovered the problems in the existing methods and summarized
them in the paper. The motive is to point out the various challenges and offer new
research prospects for the multimedia-oriented surveillance system over the traditional
surveillance system for the smart city network architecture. The thorough survey in this
paper starts with object recognition and goes toward action recognition, image
annotation, and scene understanding. This comprehensive survey summarizes the
comparative analysis of algorithms, models, and datasets in addition to targeting the
methodologies. 
Challenges and Security in Terahertz Band for Wireless Communication
Authors: Suriyan Kannadhasan , Ramalingam Nagarajan
Published: May 2023

As society generates, transmits, and consumes information, wireless data
traffic has grown dramatically in recent years. As a result of this shift, there has been a
surge in demand for even faster wireless networking that can be used anywhere and at
any time. Over the last three decades, the amount of data sent wirelessly has tripled
every eighteen months, reaching the capacity of wired networks. Wireless Terabit-per second (Tbps) connections will be a reality in the next five to ten years, if current
trends continue. Support for these extraordinarily high data speeds will need advanced
physical layer technologies, notably present spectral bands. Terahertz Band networking
is envisioned as a vital wireless technology to meet this need, alleviating bandwidth
depletion and power limits in present wireless networks, and allowing a deluge of long awaited applications across a variety of industries. THz is a spectral band with
frequencies ranging from 0.1 to 10 GHz. Despite the fact that the frequency ranges
immediately below and above this band (microwaves and far infrared, respectively)
have attracted a lot of attention, this is still one of the least explored contact bands.
KAJIAN KUALITAS FISIK EDIBLE STRAW DARI PATI UBI JALAR KUNING (Ipomea batatas L.)
Authors:   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur, Indah Lestari , Rosida Dedin Finatsiyatull ,   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur, Wicaksono Luqman Agung ,   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur
Published: May 2023

Sedotan (Straw) merupakan alat bantu minum berbentuk tabung tanpa tutup, lentur, bertekstur halus, dan terbuat dari plastik berjenis polypropylene dan polystyrene. Bahan sedotan ini dapat didaur ulang, namun masalah khususnya di Indonesia, untuk menunggu daur ulang akan menyebabkan penumpukan sampah. Penumpukan sampah yang terlalu lama akan menyebabkan pencemaran. Solusi terbaiknya menggunakan sedotan yang dapat dimakan. Inovasi edible straw bertujuan untuk menggantikan sedotan plastik yang tidak berbahaya untuk konsumsi serta ramah lingkungan. Pati ubi jalar kuning adalah hidrokoloid bisa digunakan untuk pembuatan edible straw dengan gliserol sebagai plasticizer. Penelitian ini menggunakan RAL atau Rancangan Acak Lengkap berdasarkan dua faktor. Faktor I konsentrasi pati ubi jalar kuning (3%, 4%, 5%) dan faktor II konsentrasi gliserol (20%, 25%, 30%). Analisa data menggunakan uji lanjut DMRT 5% dan ANOVA 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa edible straw memiliki kadar air (12.56%–14.37%), ketebalan (0.58 mm–0.80 mm), daya serap air (27.82%–36.59%) dan uji ketahanan air (63.41%–72.18%).
OPTIMASI FORMULA BISKUIT TEPUNG BUAH LINDUR DENGAN PEMANIS STEVIA DAN FRUKTOSA MENGGUNAKAN RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY
Authors:   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Arifah Elma Zanubi , Jariyah Jariyah ,   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Rosida Dedin Finatsiyatull ,   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan kelanjutan dari penelitian tepung buah lindur dan mocaf yang dibuat mejadi biskuit dengan menggunakan konsentrasi pemanis stevia sebesar 2% dan sirup fruktosa 20% sebagai perlakuan terbaik berdasarkan nilai proksimat dan organoleptik menggunakan metode RAL. Namun untuk mengetahui konsentrasi yang tepat pada pemanis yang digunakan belum ada penelitian yang melakukan hal tersebut, sehingga penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menentukan proporsi optimum stevia dan fruktosa produk biskuit menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) dengan metode Central Composite Design (CCD) pada aplikasi Design Expert 13. Ada 2 faktor yang digunakan yaitu stevia (1.5%, 2%, 2.5%) dan fruktosa (15%, 20%, 25%) dengan 13 perlakuan dan analisis biskuit meliputi kadar air, karbohidrat, daya patah dan total gula. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi optimum yang terpilih dengan nilai desirability 0.667 adalah pemanis stevia 1.82% dan fruktosa 15% dengan respon kadar air 3.01%, karbohidrat 89.89%, daya patah 10.34N dan total gula 7.41%.
POST HERPETIC NEURALGIA
Authors: Rohmayanti Irsyah Dwi , Kurniawan Shahdevi Nandar
Published: May 2023

Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a chronic neuropathic pain condition that lasts 3 months or more after an outbreak of shingles. Herpes zoster, especially acute herpes zoster, is associated with the reactivation of the inactivated varicella zoster virus in individuals who have had chickenpox. PHN is associated with persistent and often refractory neuropathic pain. Patients may experience several types of pain, including deep pain, intolerable pain, burning, paroxysmal pain, stabbing pain, hyperalgesia, and allodynia. Pharmacological treatment of PHN may include a variety of drugs, including alpha-2 delta ligands (gabapentin and pregabalin), other anticonvulsants (carbamazepine), tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline, nortriptyline, doxepin), topical analgesics (5% lidocaine patch, capsaicin) tramadol, or other opioids. The sizeable side effect profile of commonly used oral drugs often limits their practical use, and a combination of topical and systemic agents may be required for optimal results. Doctors and other care providers must adapt treatment based on individual patient responses.
Introdução
Authors: Pinto Jorge , Carvalheiro Lili , Fondo María del Carmen , Cea-Álvarez Ana María
Published: May 2023

Este dossiê temático reúne estudos atuais que exploram diversas questões relacionadas com a aquisição, aprendizagem e ensino de línguas estrangeiras em diferentes contextos, salientando a heterogeneidade e a complexidade que as caracterizam. Entendemos que independentemente das diferentes línguas-alvo sobre as quais os estudos são realizados, em muitas situações, os resultados destes podem ser aplicados de forma transversal ao ensino e aprendizagem de outras línguas estrangeiras.