Changes in the Location and Meaning of Banjaluka’s Urban Core: Recommendations for Urban Landscape Regeneration
Authors: Simonović Dijana 
Published: December 2023

&lt;p class=&quot;Abstract&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;The starting premise of th&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;paper &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;is that a careful interpretation of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;c&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;hanges in the meaning of urban places, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;provided&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt; their autochthonous qualities and the quality of the urban environment and architecture&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt; are respected&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;, can &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;help to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;better understand &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;and treat &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;the built environment. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;T&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;he case study&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt; presented investigates Banja Luka&amp;rsquo;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;urban landscape, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;i.e.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;concrete &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;changes &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;its&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt; urban core and the principles &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;that have underlain &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;its &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;planning and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;construction&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;over time. Also, it show&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;how the use of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;different &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;regulation &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;instruments and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;the formation of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;spatial &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;hierarchies led to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;spatial-physical, visual, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;symbolic or &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;axiological&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;-normative properties&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;, as well as&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt; standards &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;of use, translating into &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;features of spatial identity. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;Changes to the location &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;Banja Luka&amp;rsquo;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt; urban core and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;to&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt; the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;meaning&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;and significance &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;of its urban places &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;are simultaneously considered to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;determin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;e &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;their value and meaningfulness.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;Analysis of the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;landscape&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;regulation-identity&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;triad&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;shows that th&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;e variability of the symboli&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;&quot;&gt;c meaning&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt; of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;Banja Luka&amp;rsquo;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt; urban core&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;&quot;&gt; &amp;ndash;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;considered in relation to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;changes &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt; its content, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;location&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt; and form&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-GB&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;&quot;&gt; &amp;ndash;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;is the central narrative &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;thread &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;city&amp;rsquo;s urban &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot;&gt;histor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;y. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;The paper offers tools for and encourages urban regeneration by re-evaluating the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;&quot;&gt;key &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;elements&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;&quot;&gt; of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;Banja Luka&amp;rsquo;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;&quot;&gt;spatial identity and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;reconfirming&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;&quot;&gt; their &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;significance&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;&quot;&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;These r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;&quot;&gt;ecommendations &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;are given in broad terms, in view of defining standards of&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;&quot;&gt;spatial regula&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;ti&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;&quot;&gt;on that could &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;help to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;&quot;&gt;regenerat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;&quot;&gt; Banja Luka&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SR-LATN-RS&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS;&quot;&gt;&amp;rsquo;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-Cyrl-BA&quot; style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;&quot;&gt;urban landscape.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;