bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PENGELOLAAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA PADA PEKERJAAN KONSTRUKSI GEDUNG DI CV. PILAR BLITAR MAPAN
Authors: Nadhir Abu
Published: June 2019

Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) memang merupakan salah satu persyaratan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas kerja karyawan yang erat kaitannya dengan hasil kerja. Pada dasarnya K3 adalah upaya mencegah/ menghindari/ mengurangi kecelakaan kerja dengan cara menghentikan/ meniadakan/ menghilangkan resiko (unsur bahaya) guna mencapai target kerja. Perusahaan yang baik adalah perusahaan yang benar-benar menjaga keselamatan dan kesehatan karyawannya dengan membuat aturan tentang keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja yang dilaksanakan oleh seluruh karyawan dan pimpinan perusahaan.Â Tujuan dilaksanakan penelitian ini adalahÂ  untuk mengungkap pengaruh pengelolaan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja terhadap produktivitas kerja pada pekerjaan kontruksi gedung di CV. Pilar Blitar Mapan Sejahtera, tujuan lainnya yaitu ingin mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh pengelolaan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja terhadap produktivitas kerja pada pekerjaan kontruksi gedung di CV. Pilar Blitar Mapan Sejahtera.Â Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode analisis, yaitu dengan cara menganalisis permasalahan-permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh perusahaan atau tempat usaha berdasarkan data-data yang ada. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan pendekatan dekskriptif kuantitatif, artinya mendrekskripsikan halâ€“hal terkait dengan tujuan penelitian secara kuantitatif. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan perhitungan progam SPSS. Versi 17 yang menggunakan analisis data statistic.Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh didapatkan bahwa nilai Sig (2-tailed) = 0,000 karena nilai Sig (2-tailed) < 0,05 maka disimpulkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara Pengelolaan Keselamatan Kerja (K3) terhadap Produktivitas kerja pekerja. Untuk melihat seberapa kuat hubungannya dapat dilihat dari nilai Pearson Correlation, dari tabel output di dapatkan nilai r = 0,873 jika dibandingkan pada tabel interpretasi koefisien korelasi di atas maka disimpulkan kekuatan hubungannya sangat kuat dan antara variabel X dan variabel Y searah artinya semakin tinggi/ baik pengelolaan Keselamatan Kerja seseorang maka semakin tinggi pula nilai produktivitas kerja pekerja.Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu Hasil dari output (tabel coefficients Deteksi Hipotesis secara Uji t) diketahui nilai thitung = 6,438 dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05 maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima, yang berarti ada pengaruh yang signifikan variabel (X) pengelolaan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) terhadap variabel Produktivitas Kerja karyawan (Y).
REKAYASA NILAI HARGA PEMBUATAN TERHADAP EFEKTIFITAS PENGGUNAAN BAHAN PADA PEMBANGUNAN PERUMAHAN TIRTO PENATARAN ASRI TIPE 70/135 KECAMATAN NGLEGOK KABUPATEN BLITAR
Authors: Ma'ruf Mochamad Tamim
Published: June 2019

One-solving methods and techniques necessary to avoid inefficiencies and not economic costs as well as reduce the cost of housing construction is the method of Value Engineering. Value engineering is a method and cost control techniques to analyze a function to its value at the lowest cost alternative (most economical) without reducing the quality desired.At the writing of this study used a comparison method by comparing the initial design to the design proposal of the author. In the housing projects Upgrading Tirto Penataran Asri type 70, the application of Value Engineering conducted on the job a couple walls and roofs pair by replacing some work items with a more economical alternative but does not change the original function and high aesthetic level and still qualify safe. For that performed the step of determining a work item, the alternative stage, the analysis stage, and the stage of recommendations to get a Value Engineering application and cost savings against the wall a couple of work items and partner roof.The proposed design as compared to the initial design. Work items discussed was the work of a couple wall having analyzed obtained savings of Rp. 2,747,643.56 and the work of the roof pair obtained savings of Rp. 2,363,446.80. Thus the total overall savings gained is Rp 5,111,090.36 or savings of 0048%.
SIMULASI KUANTUM TRANSISTOR EFEK MEDAN MULTI GERBANG (NWFET)
Authors: Wahid Syamsudin Nur
Published: June 2019

Makalah ini membahas metode numerik untuk simulasi kuantum satu dan dua dimensi dari nanowire multigate transistor efek medan. Perangkat dimodelkan berdasarkan teori massa efektif dan formalisme fungsi Green non-ekuilibrium. Simulasi terdiri dari solusi Poisson persamaan tiga dimensi, persamaan Schrodinger dua dimensi pada penampang lintang dan persamaan transport satu dimensi. Dijelaskan detail teknik numerik untuk setiap langkah-langkah simulasi.
Pendeteksi Volume Tandon Air Secara Otomatis Menggunakan Sensor Ultrasonic Berbasis Arduino Uno R3
Authors: Muklisin Imam
Published: June 2019

Kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi berperan mewujudkan kehidupan yang lebih baik. Berbagai macam peralatan dengan sistem pengoperasian secara manual semakin ditinggalkan beralih pada peralatan yang serba otomatis, sehingga peralatan otomatis lebih mendominasi dalam kehidupan manusia. Perencanaan dan Pembuatan Pendeteksi Volume Tandon Air Secara Otomatis Menggunakan Sensor Ultrasonic Berbasis Arduino Uno R3 didesain dengan operasional yang sederhana sehingga mudah pengoperasiannya. Alat ini berfungsi untuk mengontrol volume pada bak penampung air sekaligus menghidupkan atau mematikan mesin pompa air secara otomatis. Sistem pendeteksi volume tandon air ini menggunakan sensor ultrasonic SRF HRC04. Mikrokontroler arduino uno R3 digunakan sebagai sistem control sinyal masukan dan keluar serta LCD 16x2 sebagai penampilan datanya. Pengujian dilakukan dengan memberikan variasi jarak sensor terhadap muka air dari 2 cm sampai 18 cm. system yang telah dibuat dilakukan kalibrasi agar layak digunakan sebagai alat ukur ketinggian air. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem pendeteksi volume tandon air dapat bekerja dengan baik sesuai dengan yang diharapkan yaitu dapat mengontrol volume ketinggian air pada tandon penampungan secara otomatis dengan ketepatan 99,10 % dan kesalahan 0,90 %.
TEGANGAN PEMULIHAN PADA KONTAK PEMUTUS DAYA TEGANGAN TINGGI UNTUK PROTEKSI TERHADAP GELOMBANG BERJALAN
Authors: Ikbal Muhamad
Published: June 2019

In general we have known the frequent disruption of transmission lines is a natural disturbance, such as lightning disturbance to the transmission network due to transmission network through the air, long, high and spread in various open areas and operate in all kinds of conditions. Among the considerations taken in the transmission line transmission design is the location of the ground wire against the phase wire. Because the ground wire only, so a small percentage on the phase wire. And until now there are no scholars who show the use of lightning for life, have not got a way to prevent or exploit the energy caused by the lightning. Nevertheless, human science continues to thrive with technological advances. With one safety device, an air wire (Overhead Ground Wire) to protect the phase wires from the transmission line.
PERANCANGAN PEMANAS AIR OHMIK SEDERHANA BERBAHAN DASAR SENDOK MAKAN LOGAM
Authors: Lukma Hazairin Nikmatul
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil pemanfaatan sendok makan logam yang digunakan sebagai pemanas air menggunakan prinsip Ohmik, yang didesain sedemikian rupa sehingga sendok makan dapat berfungsi sebagai elektroda. Ketika dua buah sendok makan dengan jarak tertentu yang dapat diatur jaraknya dialiri arus, maka akan dihasilkan kalor yang mampu meningkatkan suhu air dalam suatu wadah yang terbuat dari isolator, sebagaimana prinsip Hukum Ohm. Jarak kedua sendok dapat diatur, dimana semakin dekat jarak antara dua sendok, makin cepat proses pemanasan air. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Teknik Universitas Islam Balitar pada bulan April hingga Juni tahun 2017. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar antara kedua sendok, makin lama proses pemanasan, namun daya yang diperlukan lebih rendah. Sedangkan ketika jarak antara kedua sendok dibuat lebih dekat, proses pemanasan berjalan lebih cepat, akan tetapi daya listrik yang diperlukan juga semakin besar. Nilai efisiensi energi listrik dari pemanas air ohmik diperoleh sebesar 90%. Nilai efsiensi ini tidak terlalu tinggi dikarenakan selama proses pemanasan, daya listrik yang dibutuhkan terus meningkat. Untuk pengembangan selanjutnya, desain alat pemanas air ini dapat ditambah komponen pembatas arus, sehingga daya listrik yang digunakan dapat terkontrol.This research aims to determine the results of the use of metal tablespoons used as a water heater using Ohmik principle, which is designed in such a way that the tablespoons can function as an electrode. When two tablespoon with a certain distance can be adjusted the distance flow, the heat will be produced that can increase the temperature of water in a container made of insulators, as the principle of Ohm's Law. Spacing of two spoons can be adjusted, where the closer the distance between two spoons, the faster the process of heating water. The research was conducted at the Technical Laboratory of Islamic University of Balitar in April to June 2017. The result of data analysis showed that the bigger between the two spoons, the longer the heating process, but the required power is lower. Meanwhile, when the distance between the two spoons is made closer, the heating process runs faster, but the power required is also greater. The value of the electrical energy efficiency of the ohmic water heater is 90%. The value of this efficiency is not too high because during the heating process, the electrical power required continues to increase. For further development, the design of this water heater can be added current limiting components, so that the electrical power used can be controlled.
PENAMBAHAN ABU PADAM SERBUK KAYU MAHONI SISA PEMASAKAN TAHU SEBAGAI BAHAN IMBUH PASIR DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUAT TEKAN BATA RINGAN
Authors: Kurniawan Achendri M.
Published: June 2019

Â Blitar city experienced a fairly rapid development in the field of trade. One of them is handicraft industry from wood, especially kendang jimbe. The area that is quite famous as a producer of jimbe kendang is Tanggung Village, Kepanjenkidul Subdistrict, Blitar City. In this area most of the people work as kendang craftsmen, is also a center of handicraft lathe in Blitar City. Basically, Blitar people earn from this activity, in this case people can not make good use of the rest of the activity, especially the utilization of ash of burning of mahogany powder. Of the abundant ash of the combustion of mahogany wood is expected to be used as an additional mixture of lightweight concrete. The method used in this study using laboratory experiments and guided on SNI 03-0691-2000. Mixture of mahogany ash dust, and know the compressive strength of lightweight brick with dust ash material as added sand material 0%, 25%, 50%. From this comparison can be generated as follows: The use of ash of dried mahogany ash adds fine aggregate material (sand) in concrete brick mixture at 7 days old for 0% mixture is 3.28 MPa. Strong press for substitution 25% wood ash larger 26,37% that is 4,14 MPa and object of test with substitution 50% decrease 12,46% that is 2,87 MPa.Â Kota Blitar mengalami perkembangan yang cukup pesat di bidang perdagangan. Salah satunya adalah industri kerajinan dari kayu, terutama kendang jimbe. Daerah yang cukup terkenal sebagai penghasil jimbe kendang adalah Desa Tanggung, Kecamatan Kepanjenkidul, Kota Blitar. Di daerah ini sebagian besar orang bekerja sebagai pengrajin kendang, juga merupakan pusat kerajinan bubut di Kota Blitar. Pada dasarnya, orang Blitar mendapatkan dari kegiatan ini, dalam hal ini orang tidak dapat memanfaatkan sisa kegiatan, terutama pemanfaatan abu pembakaran serbuk mahoni. Dari abu yang melimpah dari pembakaran kayu mahoni diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai campuran tambahan beton ringan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan eksperimen laboratorium dan dipandu pada SNI 03-0691-2000. Campuran debu abu mahoni, dan mengetahui kekuatan tekan bata ringan dengan material abu debu sebagai bahan pasir tambahan 0%, 25%, 50%. Dari perbandingan ini dapat dihasilkan sebagai berikut: Penggunaan abu abu mahoni kering menambah bahan agregat halus (pasir) dalam campuran bata beton pada umur 7 hari untuk campuran 0% adalah 3,28 MPa. Pers yang kuat untuk substitusi 25% abu kayu lebih besar 26,37% yaitu 4,14 MPa dan objek uji dengan substitusi 50% turun 12,46% yaitu 2,87 MPa.
PENDETEKSI KEKERUHAN AIR DI TANDON RUMAH BERBASIS ARDUINO UNO
Authors: Ikhsan Mohammad Alfan
Published: June 2019

Air merupakan salah satu sumber daya alam yang sangat dibutuhkan oleh manusia. Tingkat kekeruhan air selalu berubah-ubah sesuai musim. Alat pendeteksi kekeruhan airdi tandon rumah berbasis arduino uno dibuat dengan menggunakan sensor LDR sebagai pembaca kekeruhan air dengan memanfaatkan karakteristik sensor LDR sebagai sensor intensitas cahaya dalam membaca perubahan intensitas cahaya dan lampu LED sebagai indikatornya. Berdasarkan hasil percobaan pada setiap sampel dapat menunjukan tingkat kekeruhan yang berbeda dan dapat membedakan tingkat kekeruhan air dengan 3 tingkatan kekeruhan. Jika nilai ADC kurang dari 153 indikator LED berwarna hijau akan menyala, air dinyatakan tidak keruh. Jika nilai ADC lebih dari 154 dan dibawah nilai 158 indikator LED berwarna kuning akan menyala, air dinyatakan sedikit keruh. Jika nilai ADC lebih dari 159 indikator LED berwarna merah akan menyala maka air dinyatakan keruh.
SIMULASI GANGGUAN VOLTAGE SAG DAN VOLTAGE SWELL PADA JARINGAN 20 KV MENGGUNAKAN MATLAB SIMULINK
Authors: Ihwanudin Mustofa
Published: June 2019

Pada jaringan distribusi sering muncul gangguan yang bisa mengakibatkan penurunan kualitas daya, diatara penyebab penurunan kualitas daya adalah voltage sag dan voltage swell. Gangguan jenis ini dapat mengakibatkan gagal operasi peralatan terutama yang menggunakan komponen elektronik daya. Penelitian berupa simulasi untuk menggambarkan terjadinya voltage sag dan voltage swell yang disebabkan gangguan fasa ke tanah dan pelepasan beban yang di variasi dengan sambungan trafo distribusi yang berbeda. Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan software matlab simulink. Hasilnya model simulasi mampu menggambarkan sinyal voltage sagÂ  akibat hubung singkat satu fasa, dua fasa, tiga fasa ke tanah dan sinyal voltage swell akibat pelepasan beban.
Pengaruh Pengujian Hardening pada Baja Karbon Rendah Sebagai Solusi Peningkatan Kualitas Material
Authors: Nurlina Nila
Published: June 2019

Baja karbon rendah merupakan paduan yang terdiri atas unsur utama karbon dengan komposisi rendah dan besi. Sifat mekanik baja karbon rendah dipengaruhi oleh komposisi dan struktur mikro logam. Salah sifat mekanik logam yang akan dicari nilainya adalah kekerasan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan pengujian hardening terhadap material baja karbon rendah. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini yaitu nilai kekerasan baja karbon rendah semakin meningkat seiring bertambahnya suhu pemanasan. Selain itu, berdasarkan data hasil percobaan diketahui bahwa media pendingin air garam memiliki kekerasan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan oli SAE 10.
Analisis Perubahan Suhu Ruangan Dan Prosentase Pemakaian H2SO4 (Asam Sulfat) Dalam Mempengaruhi Pengujian Ratio Cover Dan Kekuatan Filament Polyester Benang Core-Spun 128 D-Tex Di Mesin Core Spinning Merk Rieter Type G-5
Authors: Yufron Ahmad
Published: June 2019

ABSTRAK

Studi Tentang Pengaruh Variasi Suhu Ruangan Dan Prosentase Pemakaian H2SO4 (Asam Sulfat) Terhadap Pengujian Ratio Cover Dan Kekuatan Filament Polyester Benang Core-Spun 128                d-Tex Dari Mesin Ring Core Spinning Merk Rieter Type G 5 / 1 Di PT. Tool Thread Indonesia, Pleret Pasuruan – Jawa Timur

Kata Kunci :

Ratio Cover

Core-Spun

Filament Polyester

H2SO4
The Effect of Triage Assessments on Identifying Inflammatory Arthritis and Reducing Rheumatology Wait Times in Ontario
Authors: Ahluwalia Vandana , Lineker Sydney , Sweezie Raquel , Bell Mary J. , Kendzerska Tetyana , Widdifield Jessica , Bombardier Claire ,   the Allied Health Rheumatology Triage Investigators
Published: June 2019

Objective.

We evaluated the influence of triage assessments by extended role practitioners (ERP) on improving timeliness of rheumatology consultations for patients with suspected inflammatory arthritis (IA) or systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARD).

Methods.

Rheumatologists reviewed primary care providers’ referrals and identified patients with inadequate referral information, so that a decision about priority could not be made. Patients were assessed by an ERP to identify those with IA/SARD requiring an expedited rheumatologist consult. The time from referral to the first consultation was determined comparing patients who were expedited to those who were not, and to similar patients in a usual care control group identified through retrospective chart review.

Results.

Seven rheumatologists from 5 communities participated in the study. Among 177 patients who received an ERP triage assessment, 75 patients were expedited and 102 were not. Expedited patients had a significantly shorter median (interquartile range) wait time to rheumatologist consult: 37.0 (24.5–55.5) days compared to non-expedited patients [105 (71.0–135.0) days] and controls [58.0 (24.0–104.0) days]. Accuracy comparing the ERP identification of IA/SARD to that of the rheumatologists was fair (κ 0.39, 95% CI 0.25–0.53).

Conclusion.

Patients triaged and expedited by ERP experienced shorter wait times compared to usual care; however, some patients with IA/SARD were missed and waited longer. Our findings suggest that ERP working in a triage role can improve access to care for those patients correctly identified with IA/SARD. Further research needs to identify an ongoing ERP educational process to ensure the success of the model.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Results Following Discontinuation of Methotrexate in Rheumatoid Arthritis Treated with Subcutaneous Tocilizumab: The COMP-ACT MRI Substudy
Authors: Peterfy Charles , Kremer Joel , Rigby William , Singer Nora , Birchwood Christine , Gill Darcy , Reiss William , Pei Jinglan , Michalska Margaret
Published: June 2019

Objective.

To assess differences in joint damage and inflammation using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) between patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who achieved low disease activity with tocilizumab (TCZ) + methotrexate (MTX) and subsequently continued or discontinued MTX.

Methods.

In the COMP-ACT trial, US patients with RA received subcutaneous TCZ 162 mg + MTX. Those who achieved 28-joint count Disease Activity Score calculated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) ≤ 3.2 at Week 24 were randomized 1:1 (double-blind) to discontinue MTX (TCZ monotherapy; mono) or continue TCZ + MTX until Week 52. In a subset of patients, 1.5-Tesla MRI was used to obtain images of bilateral hands and wrists at weeks 24 and 40. Outcomes included changes in MRI-assessed synovitis, osteitis, erosion, and cartilage loss from Week 24 to Week 40, and in the proportion of patients with progression of each score.

Results.

Of 296 patients who achieved DAS28-ESR ≤ 3.2 at Week 24, 79 were enrolled in the pilot MRI substudy and randomized to TCZ mono (n = 38) or TCZ + MTX (n = 41). Treatment with either TCZ mono or TCZ + MTX suppressed erosion progression, synovitis, osteitis, and cartilage loss. The proportion of patients with no progression in each outcome measure was similar between groups (range, TCZ mono: 84.8–97.0%; TCZ + MTX: 92.3–100%).

Conclusion.

In a subset of patients who achieved low disease activity with TCZ + MTX, MRI changes were minimal in intraarticular inflammation and damage measures in patients who discontinued MTX versus those who continued TCZ + MTX.
Vascular Pathology and Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hussain Sultana Monira , Dawson Chloe , Wang Yuanyuan , Tonkin Andrew M. , Chou Louisa , Wluka Anita E. , Cicuttini Flavia M.
Published: June 2019

Objective.

Vascular pathology (changes in blood vessels) and osteoarthritis (OA) are both common chronic conditions associated with aging and obesity, but whether vascular pathology is a risk factor for OA is unclear. The aim of this study was to systematically review the evidence for an association between vascular pathology and risk of joint-specific OA.

Methods.

Scopus, Ovid Medline, and EMBASE were searched from inception to February 2019. MeSH terms and keywords were used to identify studies examining the association between vascular pathology and OA. Two reviewers independently extracted the data and assessed the methodological quality. Qualitative evidence synthesis was performed.

Results.

Fifteen studies with high (n = 3), fair (n = 3), or low (n = 9) quality were included. Features of vascular pathology included atherosclerosis, vascular stiffness, and endothelial dysfunction in different vascular beds. There was evidence for an association between vascular pathology and risk of hand OA in women but not men, and between vascular pathology and risk of knee OA in both men and women. Only 2 studies examined hip OA showing no association between vascular pathology and risk of hip OA.

Conclusion.

There is evidence suggesting an association between vascular pathology and risk of hand and knee OA, with a potential causal relationship for knee OA. Based on the limited evidence, it is hard to conclude an association for hip OA. Further stronger evidence is needed to determine whether there is a causal relationship.
Longterm Drug Survival of Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Emery Paul , Vlahos Bonnie , Szczypa Piotr , Thakur Mazhar , Jones Heather E. , Woolcott John , Santos Estrella Paul V. , Rolland Catherine , Gibofsky Allan , Citera Gustavo , Sockalingam Sargunan , Marshall Lisa
Published: June 2019

Objective.

To evaluate longterm drug survival (proportion of patients still receiving treatment) and discontinuation of etanercept (ETN), infliximab (IFX), adalimumab (ADA), certolizumab pegol (CZP), and golimumab (GOL) using observational data from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods.

Following a systematic literature review, drug survival at 12 and 12–24 months of followup was estimated by summing proportions of patients continuing treatment and dividing by number of studies. Drug survival at ≥ 36 months of followup was estimated through Metaprop.

Results.

There were 170 publications included. In the first-line setting, drug survival at 12 months with ETN, IFX, or ADA was 71%, 69%, and 70%, respectively, while at 12–24 months the corresponding rates were 63%, 57%, and 59%. In the second-line setting, drug survival at 12 months with ETN, IFX, or ADA was 61%, 69%, and 55%, respectively, while at 12–24 months the corresponding rates were 53%, 39%, and 43%. Drug survival at ≥ 36 months with ETN, IFX, or ADA in the first-line setting was 59% (95% CI 46–72%), 49% (95% CI 43–54%), and 51% (95% CI 41–60%), respectively, while in the second-line setting the corresponding rates were 56% (95% CI 52–61%), 48% (95% CI 40–55%), and 41% (95% CI 36–47%). Discontinuation of ETN, IFX, and ADA at 36 months of followup was 38–48%, 42–62%, and 38–59%, respectively. Data on CZP and GOL were scarce.

Conclusion.

After > 12 months of followup, more patients with RA receiving ETN remain on treatment compared with other tumor necrosis factor inhibitors.
Malignancies in Giant Cell Arteritis: A Population-based Cohort Study
Authors: Stamatis Pavlos , Turesson Carl , Willim Minna , Nilsson Jan-Åke , Englund Martin , Mohammad Aladdin J.
Published: June 2019

Objective

To investigate the risk of cancer in patients with biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis (GCA) from a defined population in southern Sweden.

Methods.

The study cohort consisted of 830 patients (mean age at GCA diagnosis was 75.3 yrs, 74% women) diagnosed with biopsy-proven GCA between 1997 and 2010. Temporal artery biopsy results were retrieved from a regional database and reviewed to ascertain GCA diagnosis. The cohort was linked to the Swedish Cancer Registry. The patients were followed from GCA diagnosis until death or December 31, 2013. Incident malignancies registered after GCA diagnosis were studied. Based on data on the first malignancy in each organ system, age- and sex-standardized incidence ratios (SIR) with 95% CI were calculated compared to the background population.

Results.

One hundred seven patients (13%) were diagnosed with a total of 118 new malignancies after the onset of GCA. The overall risk for cancer after the GCA diagnosis was not increased (SIR 0.98, 95% CI 0.81–1.17). However, there was an increased risk for myeloid leukemia (2.31, 95% CI 1.06–4.39) and a reduced risk for breast cancer (0.33, 95% CI 0.12–0.72) and upper gastrointestinal tract cancer (0.16, 95% 0.004–0.91). Rates of other site-specific cancers were not different from expected.

Conclusion.

In this Swedish population-based cohort of GCA, the overall risk for cancer was not increased compared to the background population. However, there was an increased risk for leukemia and a decreased risk for breast and upper gastrointestinal tract cancer.
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Skinner Janice , Yankey Benedicta , Shelton Brenda K.
Published: June 2019

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is a life-threatening condition associated with hyperinflammation and multiple organ dysfunction. It has many causes, symptoms, and outcomes. Early recognition is critical for treatment. Fever, cytopenias, coagulopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly are hallmark findings. Identifying the trigger event is crucial but challenging because of the varied presentations and infrequent provider experience. Diagnostic features include anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, elevated ferritin, hypertriglyceridemia, hypofibrinogenemia, hemophagocytosis (in bone marrow, spleen, or lymph nodes), low or absent natural killer cells, and elevated soluble interleukin 2 receptor assay. Primary treatment goals are eliminating the underlying trigger and suppressing hyperinflammation with steroids, immunoglobulins, or immunomodulators. Specific treatment includes corticosteroids, etoposide, and antithymocyte globulin followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with refractory or relapsing disease. Prompt immunochemical therapy is essential but often complicated by a high risk of treatment-related morbidity and disease recurrence. Despite these challenges, improvements in diagnostic technology and treatment have enhanced survival.
La democracia gobernante y preservación de gobernabilidad en El Salvador
Authors: Aguillón Godofredo
Published: June 2019

Esta investigación está organizada en dos panes interrelacionadas entre sí, una que sirve eminentemente de marco conceptual con fines heurísticos y de carácter epistemológicos, para situar la discusión de la temática en su contexto histórico y de desarrollo temporal; y la otra donde se analiza la situación de El Salvador a la luz de las reflexiones de la unidad precedente, principalmente, porque esa es la base para entender el proceso social, económico y político que está de trasfondo en el tema seleccionado.Cualquier profundización sobre argumentos esgrimidos en estas líneas, pueden ser consultadas en la investigación completa.El interés que mueve a la reflexión y discusión sobre el problema elegido en este trabajo, no es otro que el de mostrar las graves limitaciones que son sintomáticas a la democracia liberal (democracia gobernable), como método empírico para elegir a las autoridades, el cual es glorificado, sin mayor discusión, por el gobierno y grupos reducidos con poder en la sociedad, en aras de proteger esencialmente sus intereses de clase garantizados por el sistema establecido.
Desarrollo de los procesos democráticos en El Salvador (1992-2003)
Authors: Ramos Elsa
Published: June 2019

Las investigaciones sobre democracia son un reto muy grande dadas las muchas definiciones y controversias sobre el tema, independientemente de la teoría con que trabaje el investigador. Es de esperar que personas, grupos y partidos políticos no estén de acuerdo con las opiniones y resultados obtenidos en este análisis. El objetivo principal de la investigación es la realización de un ejercicio de contrastación entre lo que dice la teoría sobre la democracia y lo que se hace en la práctica histórica concreta.El análisis se inicia a partir de la firma de los Acuerdos de Paz en 1992, acontecimiento que da inicio a una nueva etapa histórica en el país, cuyo propósito principal era la redemocratización de las instituciones del Estado y de la sociedad en su conjunto, para subsanar las causas que le dieron origen a la guerra civil en la década de 1980.
La vivienda popular desde una perspectiva digna y humana
Authors: Peñate Ilsy
Published: June 2019

En los últimos años San Salvador se ha visto afectado por una incontrolable crisis urbana, agravado por la falta de un plan de desarrollo urbano planificado por parte de las instituciones relacionadas con el ramo. Otro factor muy importante en dicha crisis ha sido el alto índice de población que actualmente habita en éste municipio y sus alrededores, promovido por las migraciones rural y urbana; así como también, por las altas cifras de natalidad que afectan además el desarrollo social y económico de las familias de ingresos medios y bajos que demandan soluciones habitacionales.Durante el período de 1933 a 1980 el Estado era el encargado de administrar el mercado de la vivienda, es decir, era quién normaba a través de distintas instituciones los aspectos técnicos, constructivos y de financiamiento de las mismas, todo esto bajo un esquema de protección a los grupos de ingresos bajos y medios de la población. La empresa privada estaba regulada por el Estado, quién fijaba los precios de las ofertas de viviendas y las tasas de interés en el financiamiento.
La situación de la mujer en El Salvador en el marco de la teoría de género
Authors: Orantes Blanca Ruth
Published: June 2019

La Teoría de Género como herramienta de análisis, permite estudiar la temática sobre la mujer, ubicada en el contexto general, partiendo de que es un ser humano en iguales circunstancias que el hombre, con idénticas capacidades, ante lo cual el derecho contemporáneo y actual regula los derechos de mujeres y hombres en un plano de igualdad desde cualquier ámbito.Lo anterior ha permitido en muchos países superar la relegación de la mujer en relación al hombre en el plano jurídico, El Salvador no es ajeno a esos cambios. No obstante, aún con una legislación de avanzada, muchos problemas de marginación y falta de equidad no han podido superarse, las opiniones son diversas, que van desde vacíos legales hasta problemas de arraigo cultural.
Exhortos o comisiones rogatorias en el derecho internacional privado : investigación de cátedra
Authors: Orantes Blanca Ruth
Published: June 2019

En la investigación de cátedra conocida también por diversas universidades del mundo, como de base, en el aula, educativa, etc., es un diseño en el cual participan tanto el maestro o maestra como los y las estudiantes; el nivel de involucramiento de los participantes estará determinado por la metodología que se diseña al principio y que conduce el proceso investigativo, en el cual se potencian las capacidades necesarias que requieren todos los profesionales.Lo anterior muestra la necesidad cada vez más de que toda la comunidad universitaria se involucre en esta actividad, que a su vez permite la actualización del conocimiento, desarrollo de habilidades y aptitudes, sobre todo un proceso de sensibilización que solo lo permite el contacto con la realidad.
Aproximación a la dogmática de la individualización judicial de la medida de internamiento
Authors: Trejo Escobar Miguel Alberto
Published: June 2019

Cuando me refiero a la individualización judicial de las medidas que se imponen a los jóvenes por la comisión de hechos delictivos, esto es, a la actividad que realiza el Juez de Menores para determinar cuál medida impondrá y por cuánto tiempo, quiero situarme en un ámbito del Derecho Penal Juvenil que me parece confuso, por no decir arbitrario, en su aplicación práctica.Tal confusión obedece al empleo unidireccional de un criterio interpretativo estrictamente legalista que reina en la praxis de esta especial parcela de la jurisdicción; pese a que existe, a mi juicio, en el régimen jurídico especial de menores un marco normativo que posibilita una interpretación distinta que aquí propongo.
Descapitalización y capitalización humana como producto de las migraciones
Authors: Ramos Elsa
Published: June 2019

La movilidad de la población es tan antigua como la humanidad misma, es un movimiento constante en el tiempo y en el espacio, flujo que aumenta o disminuye, de acuerdo a las necesidades que se le plantean a una sociedad específica, en un espacio de tiempo determinado.En la presente etapa histórica, el fenómeno de las migraciones humanas, en opinión de los especialistas en el tema, es de suma complejidad, especialmente en la era de la globalización; pues las causas que lo generan y los efectos de éste, en los países receptores y los de expulsión, son variables y múltiples, hace falta investigar en mayor profundidad, para encontrar nuevos paradigmas teóricos, que respondan a la mayoría de las interrogantes que plantea la migración internacional en estos momentos.
Reinserción social de los jóvenes de pandilla 2005
Authors: Molina Norma
Published: June 2019

Se comparte con analistas que consideran que el fenómeno es complejo y multi-determinado por factores estructurales, medioambientales, personales, familiares, comunitarios, políticos, económicos y aquellos factores que contribuyen en la construcción de la identidad de la juventud; dentro de estos factores tiene un peso importante el hecho que la sociedad salvadoreña es marginadora y excluyente, especialmente con los jóvenes.La influencia de la post guerra, quiérase o no, muchos jóvenes vivieron en su infancia éste conflicto; otros han crecido y han sido educados y socializados en el contexto de la post guerra.
Hindering Factors that Prevent College English Students from Participating in Class Discussions: A Case at Jiangsu University, China
Authors: Guerrero Solange E.
Published: June 2019

During several non-participant observations of two advanced College English classes at Jiangsu University, it wasnoticed that most of the students did not engage in class discussions. To ascertain what the problem was, but fromlearners' perspectives, this research was conducted. Seventy-one students enrolled in College English at JiangsuUniversity volunteered to partake in this work. A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather the data. Thefindings indicate that most of the respondents did not take an active stance in class discussions because of their lackof knowledge on strategies to bear their thoughts or opinions. Other expressed that they did not know about thetopics to discuss in class, and that was a significant barrier to their performance. Besides, some participants doubtedto speak in class. That can be linked to their shyness. Knowledge about these findings is helpful for teachers andCollege English authorities to examine what kind of training should be offered to students and teachers to makesteady improvements.
A Comprehensive Study of the Thermal and Magnetic Properties of Two-Harmonically Interacting Electrons Confined in a Parabolic GaAs Quantum Dot in a Magnetic Field
Authors: Shukri A. A. , Nammas F. S.
Published: June 2019

The thermal and magnetic properties of a parabolic GaAs quantum dot for two-Harmonically interacting electrons when it exposed to an external magnetic field, taking into account the spin-Zeeman energy are investigated using the canonical ensemble approach. The effect of spin on these properties is also investigated. With the possibility of a basic and physically sensible model of electron-electron interaction, the issue is precisely soluble. We found a Schottky-like anomaly in the heat capacity at low temperature, while it saturates to the 4kB value as the temperature increases. Also it is noted that entropy enhances with temperature as expected. However as a function of a magnetic field, a peak structure is observed in heat capacity at very low values of magnetic field, while it saturates to the 2kB value as magnetic field increases. Also we noticed that these peaks are not presented in the spinless case. Moreover magnetic field does not show a significant effect on the entropy at high temperatures, but at relatively lower temperatures, the entropy shows a monotonic increase with magnetic field. As a function of the Lande g* factor, we found a local minima and a double peak-structure in the susceptibility and in the heat capacity at g*=0. It is demonstrated that the favored state for both magnetization and susceptibility is the diamagnetic state. The significant effect of the spin on the magnetic properties of quantum dot is seen at low values of temperature and magnetic field. Moreover, our results showed a very good agreement with reported previous works.
Mobilização precoce no doente crítico: atualização
Authors: Gonçalves Danilo Cavalcante , Martins Deyse Lorenna Batista
Published: June 2019

O trabalho tem como objetivo analisar e identificar os efeitos e as repercussões dos protocolos de mobilização precoce publicados, correlacionando os resultados obtidos com as variáveis analisadas em cada estudo, com a evolução clínica do doente crítico. O materiais e métodos utilizados foram a revisão bibliográfica integrativa de caráter narrativo, como o objetivo de identificar os protocolos de mobilização precoce disponibilizados. Abrangendo publicações disponibilizados na base de dados em sites acadêmicos oficiais e confiáveis, revistas científicas especializadas em fisioterapia e terapia intensiva, base de dados do programa de pós-graduação de algumas universidades e livros atualizados dos últimos 10 anos. Apolineuromiopatia do doente crítico é complexa e multifatorial, tendo como característica: perda de força generalizada, perda de massa muscular, podendo ser acompanhada por alteração de sensibilidade. Tem acometimento predominante motor, de natureza axonal, simétrico e agudo, os pacientes que desenvolvem apresentam dificuldade no desmame da ventilação mecânica, além da tetraparesia e arreflexia. A intitulação de protocolos baseados em evidências científicas na UTI, auxilia na otimização e padronização do atendimento. Sendo hoje inquestionável seu uso por seu resultado ser melhora no desfecho clínico. Sugere-se a realização de ensaios clínicos com maior padronização para descrição e comparação de diferentes protocolos de tratamento, com objetivo de identificar e determinar a dose ideal, o tempo de exercício e o efeito do exercício em condições específicas. Embora a eficácia das intervenções de fisioterapia não seja para debate, os mecanismos fisiopatológicos de intervenções específicas e a relação dose-resposta em pacientes com terapia intensiva permanecem desconhecidos.
O enfermeiro frente ao paciente portador de insuficiência renal crônica
Authors: Dias Adriana Keila , Pereira Reobbe Aguiar
Published: June 2019

A Insuficiência Renal Crônica pode ser vista como um problema de saúde pública a nível mundial, isso se dá devido as suas elevadas taxas de incidência e prevalências, além do risco de morte. No Brasil, as taxas são altas e vem aumentado progressivamente, com tratamentos que apresentam elevados custos. Independente da causa da insuficiência, as complicações advindas dela comprometem ainda mais a qualidade de vida do paciente, gerando limitações, dependência, sentimentos frustrantes e sinais e sintomas indesejáveis. Entretanto, há que se fazer menção aos tipos de tratamentos existentes como diálise, hemodiálise e transplante renal, que por sua vez devolvem ao doente a esperança da melhoria da sua condição de saúde distanciando a ocorrência de desfechos indesejados. Prevenir é a melhor conduta, através de hábitos de vida saudáveis. A enfermagem possui papel fundamental, estimulando ações preventivas, prestando assistência ambulatorial, hospitalar e domiciliar ao indivíduo com a doença já instalada e a sua família por meio de procedimentos e educação em saúde, além de participar do desenvolvimento de protocolos em saúde voltados para essa classe de enfermidade.
Avaliação da qualidade microbiológica de polpas de cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum schum) comercializadas no município de Guaraí/TO
Authors: Santos Wceilayla Marthiely Souza dos , Cardoso Tainara Siqueira , Lopes Josenilda Guimarães , Andrade Simone Pôssas , Guimarães Ana Paula Martins
Published: June 2019

O cupuaçuzeiro (Theobroma grandiflorum Schum) trata-se de uma espécie vegetal pertencente à família das Sterculiaceas, de origem amazônica, frequentemente encontrada ao Sul e Sudeste da Amazônia Oriental e ao Noroeste do Estado do Maranhão. A polpa do cupuaçu é intensamente consumida pela população brasileira para a produção de alimentos. A extração da polpa de forma artesanal geralmente ocorre sem nenhum tipo de tratamento específico, com o auxílio de tesouras. Esta prática de despolpamento aumentam as possibilidades de contaminação por microrganismos deteriorantes do alimento e/ou por patógenos humanos que podem causar inúmeras doenças de origem alimentar (DTAs). O objetivo do presente trabalho é expressar os resultados da análise de Coliformes, termotolerantes e de Escherichia coli em polpas de cupuaçu comercializadas por estabelecimentos no município de Guaraí/TO, a partir da metodologia do Número Mais Provável (NMP) em uma série de 10 tubos, considerando-se que não existem trabalhos com esta finalidade realizados no Município. Em geral, os resultados encontrados no trabalho indicam que a maioria dos lotes coletados para a realização da pesquisa não apresentaram contaminação por Coliformes, presença de Termotolerantes e Escherichia coli, e que somente 1 lote apresentou resultados fora daqueles estabelecidos pela RDC n° 12, de 02 de Janeiro de 2001, que provavelmente ocorreu pelo rompimento da embalagem. Desta forma, conclui-se que se faz necessário a realização de fiscalizações nos ambientes comerciais para atestar as condições de armazenamento e manuseio destas polpas no município, assim como a conscientização dos riscos de contaminação do alimento por práticas inadequadas realizadas nestes estabelecimentos.
Effectiveness of Growth Enhancement Support Scheme (GESS) in Input Delivery in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Olatohun Ibitunde Ibidun , Jimoh Farinde Akinloye , Oke Adereti Francis
Published: June 2019

The study identified the problems of access to inputs by the small-scale farmers; and analyzed the structure and operations of the Growth Enhancement Support Scheme (GESS) on input supply to small-scale farmers in Southwestern Nigeria with the view to investigate the effectiveness of GESS in South western Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was employed in selecting 420 GESS farmers. The interview schedule was used to collect data which were subjected to descriptive and inferential analysis to test the hypothesis. Results showed that the mean age of the small-scale farmers was 49.57±10.49 years and a high level, 75.70 per cent were males. A higher percentage (55.80%) showed a high level of identified problems of access to inputs. Analysis of the structure and operations of GESS on input supply showed that GESS was structured and operated by the government among the various stakeholders using the top-down approach. Out of the nineteen GESS effectiveness indicators, none was effective at solving the problems of inputs delivery to the respondents. Chi-square analysis showed a significant association between the effectiveness of GESS and respondents' sex (χ2=46.159; p≤ 0.01). Correlation analysis showed a negative and significant relationship between the effectiveness of GESS and identified problems of access to inputs (r=-0.214, p≤0.001). It was concluded that GESS recorded a low level of effectiveness of GESS in the study area as a result of the high level of identified problems of access to agricultural inputs through GESS. The study therefore recommends that there should be better orientation for future likely programmes and a reorientation of the farmers about the GESS in which there will be more extensive sensitization and enlightenment, especially at the grassroots level, also that quantity of input supply be increased and that more inclusive participatory approach instead of top-down approach should be adopted for planning, execution and evaluation of the GESS programme.
The Contribution of Agro-ecology as a Solution to Hunger in the World: A Review
Authors: Adidja M. W. , Mwine J. , Majaliwa J. G. M. , Ssekandi J.
Published: June 2019

Evidence from different studies has revealed a great contribution of agro-ecology in solving the world hunger sustainably. Agro-ecology addresses the problems and limitations of industrial agriculture such as inequalities, increased poverty and malnutrition rate, and environment degradation especially climate change; which are the roots causes of hunger in the world and hinder its eradication. In meeting these goals, agro-ecology raises the availability of food by augmenting yields considerably and increasing urban agriculture; it rises the accessibility of food by decreasing poverty; and upsurges the appropriateness of food by offering a food which is of high-quality nutritional, healthy and socially accepted or adopted. This farming system also contributes to water security and to the respect of the right to water and hygiene by lessening the pressure on water resources, growing the flexibility to water shortage and diminishing the frequency of battles among conflicting water uses; and therefore, enhances food security and the apprehension of the right to adequate food. Agro-ecology contributes in conserving biodiversity and natural resources, in increasing resilience to climate change and combating the extenuation challenge, in growing control of peasants upon agricultural and food systems, and in empowering Women as well.
Health Risk Implication among Solid Waste Workers in Obio Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State
Authors: Tammy Cookey A. , Bodo Tombari , Owunari Perri T.
Published: June 2019

The aim of the study was to examine the Health Risk implication among solid waste workers in Obio Akpor LGA of Rivers state. The study was carried out at the Rivers State Waste Management Agency in Obio-Akpor Local government area of Rivers State between January 2019-March 2019. The survey method was employed and the simple random technique was adopted whilst 265 copies of the questionnaire were used to elicit information from the number of employee. The result finding showed that the major health implication that was identified was Typhoid, malaria, Diarrhea and other form of disease, this was as a result that respondents had a pre requisite knowledge of the effect of poor waste management to human health Furthermore it was revealed from the findings that the major source of solid waste is from the residential area and plastics are a major composition of the solid waste. It was discovered that majority of the respondents in Obio akpor local government area prefer to dump their waste at authorized dump site and this is normally done within 1-5 days and this is done daily. it was concluded that solid waste workers should be provided with vaccination programs on typhoid and malaria , pre-employment and periodic health surveillance in order to detect early signs of disease and monitor their ability to work.