bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Warm-Up
Authors: Jeffreys Ian
Published: March 2022

Athletes do not all train the same way, but it is rare to see any athlete—at any level—exercise or compete without warming up. Although the warm-up can take many forms, smart coaches and athletes know that the warm-up should be a part of any training session.

Whether you work for a municipal pool or a commercial property, the tried-and-tested techniques in Aquatic Center Marketing can help your facility flourish:

The Warm-Up is the first book to describe the science of the warm-up and provide guidelines to maximize its effectiveness through the process of constructing effective RAMP-based warm-ups. The RAMP system—Raise, Activate, Mobilize, and Potentiate—looks at the warm-up not only as preparation for the upcoming session, but also as tool for athletic development that can cultivate the skills and movement capacities needed to excel in sport. RAMP has become a standard warm-up system recommended by the United Kingdom Strength and Conditioning Association (UKSCA) and is included in professional resources developed by the National Strength and Conditioning Association (NSCA).

The Warm-Up provides a library of activities that can be used to maximize the effectiveness of warm-ups within the structure of the RAMP system. Coaches and athletes can incorporate activities to develop warm-ups that directly contribute to performance, or they can use one of five sample RAMP warm-up programs, which are appropriate for a variety of sports and athlete training levels. More than 160 diagrams and photos enhance the text and provide direction for the drills and exercises, and 17 video clips demonstrate movement patterns of the Raise phase. Plus, exercise and drill finders make it easy to find the exercises best suited for specific needs.

It’s time to make the warm-up part of the long-term athlete development plan. The Warm-Up will help coaches and athletes use the RAMP system to make warm-ups a more effective part of training that contributes to better performance.
Running Form
Authors: Anderson Owen
Published: March 2022

For many runners, running technique is an afterthought—one they don't think about until an injury or plateau keeps them from achieving their goals. Running Form underscores the importance of proper form and shows you how to elevate your performance to the greatest possible extent with the smallest risk of injury.

Owen Anderson, PhD, is a coach to elite runners from around the globe. In Running Form, he describes the common problem of runners moving on “square wheels” by braking with each step, adopting inefficient stances, or risking injury with excessive ground impact. He pinpoints the components of good form—foot-strike, shin and shank angle, stance time, cadence, body lean, and posture—to help you understand where you can make small changes that offer significant improvements.

Then, using a basic video camera or smartphone, you can analyze your own form and apply specific drills and exercises to correct any deficiencies. Numerous photos incorporate lines and arrows to help you clearly identify the appropriate angles and movements of sound technique. No expensive software or biomechanics degree is required to learn how to run faster and with more efficiency and to significantly reduce your risk of injury.

Get rid of those running patterns that hurt performance and destroy running economy. Running Form gives you the knowledge to perfect your running form so you can train consistently and improve with each stride.

AUDIENCE

A guide for serious runners, coaches, and triathletes. Runners who have experienced chronic injuries due to form flaws will appreciate this book.
"Theoretical Study of the C6H5NH2 + CH3 Reaction by the Density Functional Theory DFT/M06-2X/6-311++G(3df,2p)"
Authors:   Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Published: March 2022

The mechanism of the reaction between Aniline compound (C6H5NH2) and Methyl radical (CH3•) has been studied by using the density functional theory DFT/M06-2X in conjunction with the 6-311++G(3df,2p) basis set for both optimization and single-point energy calculations. The calculated results indicate that the mechanism of the CH3• + C6H5NH2 reaction can occur in two different directions, namely, H-atom abstraction and addition. As a result, 13 various products have been created from this reaction; in which, P1 (C6H5NH + CH4) is the most thermodynamically stable product and the reaction path leading to this product is also the most energetically and kinetically favorable channel. The calculated thermodynamic properties for all reaction channels in the C6H5NH2 + CH3 system are in good agreement with the literature values derived from the Active Thermochemical Tables. The T1 diagnostics and the spin contamination effect of all species involved have insignificant multireference character and can be ignored.
Leadership and succession planning family-owned businesses in the south Durban basin of KwaZulu-Natal
Authors:   , Maharajh Reshmini
Published: March 2022

The study aimed to ascertain whether there are effective leadership and succession planning mechanisms in place to sustain effective business acumen and survival in small to mediumsized family-owned enterprises in the South Durban Basin of KwaZulu-Natal. The study adopted an empirical, quantitative design. The population, which was targeted by the study was family-owned businesses in the South Durban Basin of KwaZulu-Natal. A target sample of 236 family-owned enterprises were selected from the eThekwini Database with a population of 2750 on the basis that they were in operation for at least 5 years; were situated within the Kwa Zulu -Natal region and were family-owned enterprises. A non-probability simple random sampling strategy as well as purposive sampling was used to get the sample size. In total, 236 questionnaires were despatched and 221 were returned which gave a 96% response rate. To analyse the data, which was collected, SPSS was used. Several descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were utilised to analyse the data. The main findings of the study are that: family businesses in the main do not have succession plans, have poor governance structures and that family conflict and sibling rivalry is common. It also found out that succession planning was predicted by task leadership style, performance, and governance.The study therefore recommends that family businesses should prepare a thorough succession plan after consultation with senior staff and family members. These plans should have constructive policies that clearly outline the roles, responsibilities, and procedures for undertaking duties diligently. This will help empower employees and family members for enhanced governance and business operations. While the study was confined to one locality, further research can be done in other areas where results can be compared.
Students’ perceptions towards careers in the hospitality industry
Authors:   , Mlotshwa Nelisiwe Rejoice
Published: March 2022

The hospitality industry, a sector within the tourism industry, contributes to the economy of the country and the livelihoods of the South African population. This research explored the perceptions of third-year hospitality students towards careers in the industry. These undergraduates are envisioned to be future employees of the hospitality industry; therefore, understanding their thoughts and intentions of joining the industry was paramount. However, research on findings of the perceptions of students towards this industry in South Africa, especially in Durban is limited. The perceptions of these students mainly relate to their understanding of careers in the hospitality industry. This report records the findings of student’s perceptions towards the hospitality industry in Durban, South Africa. The researcher used a mixed-method approach involving questionnaires and focus groups. The participants were drawn from the Department of Hospitality and Tourism at the Durban University of Technology (DUT)which is the only university of technology in KwaZulu-Natal that offers a national diploma in hospitality management. The research data was analysed using the SPSS version 27 and qualitative data was analysed using thematic analysis. The findings suggest that the students’ perceptions toward the industry are positive. This was observed through a high percentage of students indicating their willingness to join the industry after graduating. However, the majority of the students in this research indicated their interest in starting their own businesses and travelling as the main reason for pursuing this qualification. Also discovered in the study was the influence of work-integrated learning (WIL) on students’ perceptions of the industry. The dissertation concludes by providing recommendations to the academic department and the industry that may retain this trend. Recommendations involved advising the university to ensure an element of entrepreneurship is evident to the curriculum, and the industry to improve their working conditions to entice students to join the industry after graduating.
Robotic-Assisted Surgical Systems for Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Edge Rob , Farrah Kelly
Published: March 2022

Overall, there was no consensus in the evidence to indicate that robotic-assisted knee arthroplasty provided any superior clinical effectiveness outcomes when compared to conventional techniques.

No evidence indicated that robot-assisted knee arthroplasty had worse clinical outcomes than conventional techniques. Evidence did support the association of robotic-assisted knee arthroplasty with decreased length of hospital stay and increased operative time.

Further adequately powered studies of short-term and long-term clinical effectiveness for robotic-assisted knee arthroplasty are required to definitively demonstrate any potential benefits for patients requiring knee arthroplasty.

Robotic-assisted knee arthroplasty was consistently modelled as cost-effective when clinical inputs included improved quality of life and reduced rates of surgical revisions when compared with conventional techniques. The clinical effectiveness evidence reviewed in this report was unable to adequately support these clinical inputs as accurate.
High-resolution inverse modelling of European CH4 emissions using novel FLEXPART-COSMO TM5 4DVAR inverse modelling system
Authors: Bergamaschi Peter , Segers Arjo , Brunner Dominik , Haussaire Jean-Matthieu , Henne Stephan , Ramonet Michel , Arnold Tim , Biermann Tobias , Chen Huilin , Conil Sebastien , Delmotte Marc , Forster Grant , Frumau Arnoud , Kubistin Dagmar , Lan Xin , Leuenberger Markus , Lindauer Matthias , Lopez Morgan , Manca Giovanni , Müller-Williams Jennifer , O’Doherty Simon , Scheeren Bert , Steinbacher Martin , Trisolino Pamela , Vítková Gabriela , Yver Kwok Camille
Published: March 2022

Abstract. We present a novel high-resolution inverse modelling system ("FLEXVAR") based on FLEXPART-COSMO back trajectories driven by COSMO meteorological fields at 7 km × 7 km resolution over the European COSMO-7 domain and the four-dimensional variational (4DVAR) data assimilation technique. FLEXVAR is coupled offline with the global inverse modelling system TM5-4DVAR to provide background mole fractions ("baselines") consistent with the global observations assimilated in TM5-4DVAR. We have applied the FLEXVAR system for the inverse modelling of European emissions in 2018 using 24 stations with in situ measurements, complemented with data from five stations with discrete air sampling (and additional stations outside the European COSMO-7 domain used for the global TM5-4DVAR inversions). The sensitivity of the FLEXVAR inversions to different approaches to calculate the baselines, different parameterizations of the model representation error, different settings of the prior error covariance parameters, different prior inventories and different observation data sets are investigated in detail. Furthermore, the FLEXVAR inversions are compared to inversions with the FLEXPART extended Kalman filter ("FLExKF") system and with TM5-4DVAR inversions at 1° × 1° resolution over Europe. The three inverse modelling systems show overall good consistency of the major spatial patterns of the derived inversion increments and in general only relatively small differences in the derived annual total emissions of larger country regions. At the same time, the FLEXVAR inversions at 7 km × 7 km resolution allow to better reproduce the observations than the TM5 4DVAR simulations at 1° × 1°. The three inverse models derive higher annual total CH4 emissions in 2018 for Germany, France and BENELUX compared to the sum of anthropogenic emissions reported to UNFCCC and natural emissions estimated from the Global Carbon Project CH4 inventory, but the uncertainty ranges of top-down and bottom-up total emission estimates overlap for all three country regions. In contrast, the top-down estimates for the sum of emissions from the United Kingdom and Ireland agree relatively well with the total of anthropogenic and natural bottom-up inventories.
Sensitivity analysis of an aerosol aware microphysics scheme in WRF during case studies of fog in Namibia
Authors: Weston Michael , Piketh Stuart , Burnet Frédéric , Broccardo Stephen , Denjean Cyrielle , Bourrianne Thierry , Formenti Paola
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Aerosol aware microphysics parameterisation schemes are increasingly being introduced into numerical weather prediction models, allowing for regional and case specific parameterisation of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and cloud droplet interactions. In this paper, the Thompson aerosol aware microphysics scheme, within the Weather, Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, is parameterised for two fog cases during September 2017 over Namibia. Measurements of CCN and fog microphysics were undertaken during the Aerosol, Radiation and Clouds in southern Africa (AEROCLO-sA) field campaign at Henties Bay on the coast of Namibia during September 2017. A key concept of the microphysics scheme is the conversion of water friendly aerosols to cloud droplets (hereafter referred to as CCN activation), which could be estimated from the observations. A fog monitor 100 (FM100) provided cloud droplet size distribution, number concentration (Nt), liquid water content (LWC) and mean volumetric diameter (MVD). These measurements are used to evaluate and parameterise WRF model simulations of Nt, LWC and MVD. A sensitivity analysis was conducted through variations to the initial CCN concentration, CCN radius and the minimum updraft speed, important factors that influence droplet activation in the microphysics scheme of the model. The first model scenario made use of the default settings with a constant initial CCN number concentration of 300 cm-3 and underestimated the cloud droplet number concentration while the LWC was in good agreement with the observations. This resulted in droplet size being larger than the observations. Another scenario used modelled data as CCN initial conditions which were an order of magnitude higher than other scenarios. However, these provided the most realistic values of Nt, LWC, MVD and droplet size distribution. From this it was concluded that CCN activation of around 10 % in the simulations is too low, while the observed appears to be higher reaching between with a mean (median) of 0.55 (0.56) during fog events. To achieve this level of activation in the model, the minimum updraft speed for CCN activation was increased from 0.01 to 0.1 ms-1. This scenario provided Nt, LWC, MVD and droplet size distribution in the range of the observations with the added benefit of a realistic initial CCN concentration. These results demonstrate the benefits of a dynamic aerosol aware scheme when parameterised with observations.
Evaluation of aerosol number concentrations from CALIPSO with ATom airborne in-situ measurements
Authors: Choudhury Goutam , Ansmann Albert , Tesche Matthias
Published: March 2022

Abstract. The present study aims to evaluate the available aerosol number concentration (ANC) retrieval algorithms for spaceborne lidar CALIOP (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization) aboard CALIPSO (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations) satellite with the airborne in-situ measurements from ATom (Atmospheric Tomography Mission) campaign. We used HYSPLIT (Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model) to match both the measurements in space and identified 53 cases that were suitable for comparison. Since the ATom data include dry aerosol extinction coefficient, we used kappa parameterization to adjust the ambient measurements from CALIOP to dry conditions. As both the datasets have a different vertical resolution, we re-grid them to uniform height bins of 240 m from the surface to a height of 5 km. On comparing the dry extinction coefficients, we found a reasonable agreement between the CALIOP and ATom measurements with Spearman’s correlation coefficient of 0.715. Disagreement was found mostly for retrievals above 3 km altitude. Thus, to compare the ANC which may vary orders of magnitude in space and time, we further limit the datasets and only select those height bins for which the CALIOP derived dry extinction coefficient is within ±50 % of the ATom measurements. This additional filter further increases the probability of comparing the same air parcel. The altitude bins which qualify the extinction coefficient constraint are used to estimate ANC with dry radius >50 nm (n50,dry) and >250 nm (n250,dry). The POLIPHON (Polarization Lidar Photometer Networking) and OMCAM (Optical Modelling of CALIPSO Aerosol Microphysics) algorithms were used to estimate the n50,dry and n250,dry. The POLIPHON estimates of n50,dry and n250,dry were found to be in good agreement with the in-situ measurements with a correlation coefficient of 0.829 and 0.47, respectively. The OMCAM estimates of n50,dry and n250,dry were also in reasonable agreement with the in-situ measurements with a correlation coefficient of 0.823 and 0.463, respectively. However, we found that the OMCAM estimated n50,dry were about an order less than the in-situ measurements for marine dominated cases. We propose a modification to the OMCAM algorithm by using an AERONET-based marine model. With the updated OMCAM algorithm, the n50,dry agree well with the ATom measurements. Such concurrence between the satellite-derived ANC and the independent ATom in-situ measurements emboldens the use of CALIOP in studying the aerosol-cloud interactions.
Dynamical evolution of a minor sudden stratospheric warming in the Southern Hemisphere in 2019
Authors: Liu Guangyu , Hirooka Toshihiko , Eguchi Nawo , Krüger Kirstin
Published: March 2022

Abstract. A major strong sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) occurred in the Southern
Hemisphere (SH) stratosphere in 2002 (hereafter referred to as SSW2002),
which is one of the most unusual winters in the SH. Following several
warmings, the polar vortex broke down in midwinter. Eastward-traveling waves
and their interaction with quasi-stationary planetary waves played an
important role during this event. This study analyzed the Japanese 55-year
reanalysis (JRA-55) dataset to examine the SSW event that occurred in the SH
in 2019 (hereafter referred to as SSW2019). In 2019, a rapid temperature
increase and decelerated westerly winds were observed at the polar cap,
but since there was no reversal of westerly winds to easterly winds at
60∘ S in the middle to lower stratosphere, the SSW2019 was
classified as a minor warming event. The results showed that quasi-stationary planetary waves of zonal wavenumber 1
developed during the SSW2019. The strong vertical component of the
Eliassen–Palm flux with zonal wavenumber 1 is indicative of pronounced
propagation of planetary waves to the stratosphere. The wave driving in
September 2019 was larger than that of the major SSW event in 2002. Major
SSWs tend to accompany preceding minor warmings, preconditioning, which
changes the zonal flow that weaken the polar night jet as seen in SSW2002. A
similar preconditioning was hardly observed in SSW2019. The strong wave
driving in SSW2019 occurred in high latitudes. Waveguides (i.e., positive
values of the refractive index squared) were found at high latitudes in the
upper stratosphere during the warming period, which provided favorable
conditions for quasi-stationary planetary waves to propagate upward and
poleward.
Variations of Arctic winter ozone from the LIMS Level 3 dataset
Authors: Remsberg Ellis , Natarajan Murali , Hilsenrath Ernest
Published: March 2022

Abstract. The Nimbus 7 Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere (LIMS) instrument operated from 25 October 1978 through 28 May 1979. Its Version 6 (V6)
profiles and their Level 3 or zonal Fourier coefficient products have been
characterized and archived in 2008 and in 2011, respectively. This paper
focuses on the value and use of daily ozone maps from Level 3, based on a
gridding of its zonal coefficients. We present maps of V6 ozone on pressure
surfaces and compare them with several rocket-borne chemiluminescent ozone
measurements that extend into the lower mesosphere. We illustrate how the
synoptic maps of V6 ozone and temperature are an important aid in
interpreting satellite limb-infrared emission versus local measurements,
especially when they occur during dynamically active periods of Northern
Hemisphere winter. A map sequence spanning the minor stratospheric warmings
of late January and early February characterizes the evolution of a low-ozone pocket (LOP) at that time. We also present time series of the
wintertime tertiary ozone maximum and its associated zonally varying
temperatures in the upper mesosphere. These examples provide guidance to
researchers for further exploratory analyses of the daily maps of middle
atmosphere ozone from LIMS.
Simulations of the Holocene Climate in Europe Using Dynamical Downscaling within the iLOVECLIM model (version 1.1)
Authors: Arthur Frank , Roche Didier M. , Fyfe Ralph , Quiquet Aurélien , Renssen Hans
Published: March 2022

Abstract. This study presents the application of dynamical downscaling in Europe using iLOVECLIM (a model of intermediate complexity), increasing its resolution from 5.56° to 0.25° latitude-longitude. A transient simulation using the appropriate climate forcings for the entire Holocene (11.5–0 kyr BP) was done for both the standard version of the model and with dynamical downscaling applied. Our results show that, simulations from dynamical downscaling present spatial variability which agrees better with proxy-based reconstruction and other climate models as compared to the standard model. The downscaling scheme simulates much higher (by at least a factor of two) precipitation maxima and provides detailed information in mountainous regions. We focus on examples from the Scandes Mountains, the Alps, the Scottish Highlands and the Mediterranean. The higher spatial resolution of the dynamical downscaling provides a more realistic overview of the topography, gives local climate information such as precipitation and temperature gradient that is important for paleoclimate studies. The results from the downscaling show in some cases similar magnitude of the precipitation changes reconstructed by other proxy studies (for example in the Alps). There is also a good agreement for the overall trend and spatial pattern than the standard version. Our downscaling tool is numerically cheap which can perform kilometric-multi-millennial simulations and suitable for future studies.
The Seasonal-to-Multiyear Large Ensemble (SMYLE) Prediction System using the Community Earth System Model Version 2
Authors: Yeager Stephen Gerald , Rosenbloom Nan , Glanville Anne A. , Wu Xian , Simpson Isla , Li Hui , Molina Maria J. , Krumhardt Kristen , Mogen Samuel , Lindsay Keith , Lombardozzi Danica , Wieder Will , Kim Who Myung , Richter Jadwiga H. , Long Matthew , Danabasoglu Gokhan , Bailey David , Holland Marika , Lovenduski Nicole , Strand Warren G.
Published: March 2022

Abstract. The potential for multiyear prediction of impactful Earth system change remains relatively underexplored compared to shorter (subseasonal to seasonal) and longer (decadal) timescales. In this study, we introduce a new initialized prediction system using the Community Earth System Model Version 2 (CESM2) that is specifically designed to probe potential and actual prediction skill at lead times ranging from 1 month out to 2 years. The Seasonal-to-Multiyear Large Ensemble (SMYLE) consists of 2-year long hindcast simulations that cover the period from 1970 to 2019, with 4 initializations per year and an ensemble size of 20. A full suite of output is available for exploring near-term predictability of all Earth system components represented in CESM2. We show that SMYLE skill for El Niño-Southern Oscillation is competitive with other prominent seasonal prediction systems, with correlations exceeding 0.5 beyond a lead time of 12 months. A broad overview of prediction skill reveals varying degrees of potential for useful multiyear predictions of seasonal anomalies in the atmosphere, ocean, land, and sea ice. The SMYLE dataset, experimental design, model, initial conditions, and associated analysis tools are all publicly available, providing a foundation for research on multiyear prediction of environmental change by the wider community.
Massively Parallel Modeling and Inversion of Electrical Resistivity Tomography data using PFLOTRAN
Authors: Jaysaval Piyoosh , Hammond Glenn E. , Johnson Timothy C.
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is a broadly accepted geophysical method for subsurface investigations. Interpretation of field ERT data usually requires the application of computationally intensive forward modeling and inversion algorithms. For large-scale ERT data, the efficiency of these algorithms depends on the robustness, accuracy, and scalability on high-performance computing resources. In this regard, we present a robust and highly scalable implementation of forward modeling and inversion algorithms for ERT data. The implementation is publicly available and developed within the framework of PFLOTRAN, an open-source, state-of-the-art massively parallel subsurface flow and transport simulation code. The forward modeling is based on a finite volume discretization of the governing differential equations, and the inversion uses a Gauss–Newton optimization scheme. To evaluate the accuracy of the forward modeling, two examples are first presented by considering layered (1D) and 3D earth conductivity models. The computed numerical results show good agreement with the analytical solutions for the layered earth model and results from a well-established code for the 3D model. Inversion of ERT data, simulated for a 3D model, is then performed to demonstrate the inversion capability by recovering the conductivity of the model. To demonstrate the parallel performance of PFLOTRAN’s ERT process model and inversion capabilities, large-scale scalability tests are performed by using up to 131,072 processes on a leadership class supercomputer. These tests are performed for the two most computationally intensive steps of the ERT inversion: forward modeling and Jacobian computation. For the forward modeling, we consider models with up to 122 million degrees of freedom in the resulting system of linear equations, and demonstrate that the code exhibits almost linear scalability on up to 8,192 cores. On the other hand, the code shows perfectly linear scalability for the Jacobian computation, mainly because all computations are fairly evenly distributed over each core with no parallel communication.
Frozen-soil hydrological modeling for a mountainous catchment at northeast of the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Gao Hongkai , Han Chuntan , Chen Rensheng , Feng Zijing , Wang Kang , Fenicia Fabrizio , Savenije Hubert
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Increased attention directed at frozen-soil hydrology has been prompted by climate change. In spite of an increasing number of field measurements and modeling studies, the impact of frozen-soil on hydrological processes at the catchment scale is still unclear. However, frozen-soil hydrology models have mostly been developed based on a “bottom-up” approach, i.e. by aggregating prior knowledge at pixel scale, which is an approach notoriously suffering from equifinality and data scarcity. Therefore, in this study, we explore the impact of frozen-soil at catchment-scale, following a “top-down” approach, implying: expert-driven data analysis → qualitative perceptual model → quantitative conceptual model → testing of model realism. The complex mountainous Hulu catchment, northeast of the Tibetan Plateau, was selected as the study site. Firstly, we diagnosed the impact of frozen-soil on catchment hydrology, based on multi-source field observations, model discrepancy, and our expert knowledge. Two new typical hydrograph properties were identified: the low runoff in the early thawing season (LRET) and the discontinuous baseflow recession (DBR). Secondly, we developed a perceptual frozen-soil hydrological model, to explain the LRET and DBR properties. Thirdly, based on the perceptual model and a landscape-based modeling framework (FLEX-Topo), a semi-distributed conceptual frozen-soil hydrological model (FLEX-Topo-FS) was developed. The results demonstrate that the FLEX-Topo-FS model can represent the effect of soil freeze/thaw processes on hydrologic connectivity and groundwater discharge and significantly improve hydrograph simulation, including the LRET and DBR events. Furthermore, its realism was confirmed by alternative multi-source and multi-scale observations, particularly the freezing and thawing front in the soil, the lower limit of permafrost, and the trends in groundwater level variation. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first report of LRET and DBR processes in a mountainous frozen-soil catchment. The FLEX-Topo-FS model is a novel conceptual frozen-soil hydrological model, which represents these complex processes and has potential for wider use in the vast Tibetan Plateau and other cold mountainous regions.
Monitoring the daily evolution and extent of snow drought
Authors: Hatchett Benjamin J. , Rhoades Alan M. , McEvoy Daniel J.
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Snow droughts are commonly defined as below-average snowpack at a point in time, typically 1 April in the western United States (wUS).
This definition is valuable for interpreting the state of the snowpack but obscures the temporal evolution of snow drought.
Borrowing from dynamical systems theory, we applied phase diagrams to visually examine the daily evolution of snow water equivalent (SWE) and accumulated precipitation conditions in maritime, intermountain, and continental snow climates in the wUS using station observations as well as spatially distributed estimates of SWE and precipitation.
Using a percentile-based drought definition, phase diagrams of SWE and precipitation highlighted decision-relevant aspects of snow drought such as onset, evolution, and termination. The phase diagram approach can be used in tandem with spatially distributed estimates of daily SWE and precipitation to reveal variability in snow drought type and extent.
When combined with streamflow or other environmental data, phase diagrams and spatial estimates of snow drought conditions can help inform drought monitoring and early warning systems and help link snow drought type and evolution to impacts on ecosystems, water resources, and recreation.
A web tool is introduced allowing users to create real-time or historic snow drought phase diagrams.
Model updating of a wind turbine blade finite element Timoshenko beam model with invertible neural networks
Authors: Noever-Castelos Pablo , Melcher David , Balzani Claudio
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Digitalization, especially in the form of a digital twin, is fast becoming a key instrument for the monitoring of a product's life cycle from manufacturing to operation and maintenance and has recently been applied to wind turbine blades. Here, model updating plays an important role for digital twins, in the form of adjusting the model to best replicate the corresponding real-world counterpart. However, classical updating methods are generally limited to a reduced parameter space due to low computational efficiency. Moreover, these approaches most likely lack a probabilistic evaluation of the result. The purpose of this paper is to extend a previous feasibility study to a finite element Timoshenko beam model of a full blade for which the model updating process is conducted through the novel approach with invertible neural networks (INNs). This type of artificial neural network is trained to represent an inversion of the physical model, which in general is complex and non-linear. During the updating process, the inverse model is evaluated based on the target model's modal responses. It then returns the posterior prediction for the input parameters. In advance, a global sensitivity study will reduce the parameter space to a significant subset on which the updating process will focus. The finally trained INN excellently predicts the input parameters' posterior distributions of the proposed generic updating problem. Moreover, intrinsic model ambiguities, such as material densities of two closely located laminates, are correctly captured. A robustness analysis with noisy response reveals a few sensitive parameters, though most can still be recovered with equal accuracy. And, finally, after the resimulation analysis with the updated model, the modal response perfectly matches the target values. Thus, we successfully confirmed that INNs offer an extraordinary capability for structural model updating of even more complex and larger models of wind turbine blades.
Penguatan Potensi SDA dan SDM Dalam Rangka Mewujudkan Desa Mandiri
Authors: Fajar Ningrum Harini , CSA Teddy Lesmana CSA Teddy , Muslih Muhammad
Published: March 2022

Desa Pagelaran merupakan salah satu desa objek KKN mahasiswa Universitas Nusa Putra. Terletak di Kecamatan Purabaya, Kabupaten Sukabumi. Program kerja yang dilaksanakan oleh mahasiswa KKN di Desa Pagelaran bertemakan penguatan potensi Sumber Daya Alam dan Sumber Daya Manusia, diimplementasikan dalam lima bidang kegiatan yaitu Pendidikan, Sosial, Keagamaan, Kesehatan, dan Wisata. Adapun jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif, dengan metode penelitian yaitu wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Kegiatan KKN diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam meningkatkan kemampuan Sumber Daya Manusia sehingga masyarakat dapat mengelola Sumber Daya Alam yang tersedia di Desa Pagelaran dengan efektif untuk meningkatkan taraf hidupnya. Selain itu, dengan adanya KKN diharapkan dapat meningkatkan hubungan kerjasama antara Universitas Nusa Putra dengan Pemdes dan masyarakat Desa Pagelaran
OPTIMALISASI PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DESA SUKAMANAH MENUJU ERA MODERN
Authors: Heryanto Rudi , Putri Megasari , Saepurrahman Dewa , Hari Jihad , Ramadanti Elsa , Nata Yudi , Gustian Dudih , Sihotang Rico , Rahmawaty Debby , Amar Muhamad , Setiawati Aan
Published: March 2022

Pemberdayaan pengabdian kepada masyarakat merupakan kegiatan wajib bagi seluruh mahasiswa Universitas Nusa Putra dalam menyelesaikan pendidikan sarjana. Pemberdayaan pengabdian kepada masyarakat diharapkan mampu mendorong kontribusi lingkungan pendidikan terhadap perkembangan kemajuan masyarakat. Pengelolaan jalan lingkungan, administrasi pemerintahan desa setempat, tata cara hidup bersih dan penyadaran akan pentingnya pendidikan untuk kesejahteraan generasi mendatang
Pelatihan Pendidikan Karakter Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Nosarara Nosabatutu Dalam Upaya Peningkatan Karakter Guru PAUD di Kota Palu Pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Nurhayati  , Amrullah  , Awalunisah Sita
Published: March 2022

Masalah yang difokuskan dalam pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat ini yakni masih kurangnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman guru tentang pendidikan karakter di TK Aisyiyah II Palu Barat Kota Palu. Kerjasama ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan kepada guru-guru di TK Aisyiyah II Palu Barat Kota Palu berupa pembekalan ilmu agar guru dapat memahami pendidikan karakter. Metode pembelajaran dalam pelatihan ini menggunakan metode pembelajaran orang dewasa yang mengutamakan teknik pembelajaran eksperimental. Metode pembelajaran yang digunakan meliputi pretest posttest, ceramah, role play, diskusi, ice breaker, energizer dan games. Hasil pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan diklat terhadap pemahaman guru pendidikan karakter di TK Aisyiyah II Palu Barat Kota Palu. Terlihat bahwa Sig < (0,016 < 0,05) artinya perolehan skor pemahaman guru tentang pendidikan karakter sebelum pelatihan berbeda nyata dengan setelah pelatihan. Selain itu dapat dilihat dari hasil nilai rata-rata pretest pada kelompok guru yaitu 64,6, sedangkan pada posttest nilai rata-rata meningkat menjadi 96,7. Pada kelompok guru, nilai tertinggi pada pretest adalah 85, sedangkan pada posttest nilai tertinggi meningkat menjadi 115. Selanjutnya, nilai terendah pada kelompok pretest adalah 39 dan posttest meningkat menjadi 79. Pada kelompok guru, standar nilai simpangan pada pretest 13,84 dan posttest 11,1. Berdasarkan uraian di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelatihan teknis efektif untuk pemahaman guru tentang pendidikan karakter di TK Aisyiyah II Palu Barat Kota Palu.
Partisifasi DKM Bojongloa Dalam Pengembangan Taman Bacaan Masyarakat (TBM) Hibar Endah
Authors: Setiawati  , Febrian Resnawati , Putri Kania Intan , Suryana Anang
Published: March 2022

Taman Bacaan Masyarakat (TBM) Hibar Endah merupakan salah satu program pendidikan sebagai tindak lanjut dan implementasi program pemerintah yang turut mendukung keberhasilan pembangunan Dunia pendidikan. Pintu masuk mengembangkan budaya literasi khususnya masyarakat Bojongloa melalui penyediaan bahan bacaan dan peningkatan minat baca anak. Beberapa permasalahan TBM Hibar Endah diantaranya adalah, buku bacaan seadanya, lemari buku bacaan (loker) masih belum mencukupi, dan perlu bimbingan dalam pengembangan TBM Hibar Endah. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk membantu TBM Hibar Endah, yaitu memberi sumbangan buku bacaan, dan menyumbang lemari buku, serta mengadakan sosialisasi pada masyarakat agar mau mendatangi TBM Hibar Endah dan diarahkan untuk gemar membaca sehingga masyarakat tambah wawasan dan melek informasi. Berdasarkan hasil observasi tujuan penulisan jurnal ini adalah membahas tentang program TBM Hibar Endah di Ci Ibu Bojongloa RW 11, Kelurahan Lembursitu, Kecamatan Lembursitu, Kota Sukabumi, Jawa Barat sebagai bentuk partisipasi Dewan Kemakmuran Masjid (DKM) Bojongloa diantaranya berikut ini:  Pertama,  kerukunan dan keragaman. Kedua,  me-regenerasikan. Ketiga, Kerja sama lembaga MI melalui belajar daring. Keempat, kerja sama pimpinan seni Bojongloa (Sagara). Kerja sama melalui pimpinan seni Bojongloa (Sagara) diantaranya sebagai berikut: (1)NGABUKA BANDA ABAH, (2) KUTEMBANG, (3) NGAJAK NGABBRING, dan (4) DIAJAR MANGGUNG. Kelima, faktor pendukung. Keenam, faktor penghambat. Penelitian ini dapat menjadi gambaran pelaksanaan kegiatan kemasyarakatan.
Appropriating through Crippling: A Study of Intersubjective Modes of Production in Naguib Mahfouz’ Midaq Alley
Authors: Nadeem Farrukh
Published: March 2022

The uncertain modes of production in a colonially disturbed society result into toxic anxieties, far-reaching frustrations, and consequential transgressions. Irrespective of local cultural values, the western imperialism has cultivated its ends by politically prioritizing the western modes of production as the avant-garde alternatives for the people of traditional economic conditions. It is also through a high-yielding relationship between seduction and appropriation that the imperial powers make the modern market inevitable and indispensable for the subjugated public at large. Correspondingly, the neophytes—the subjects of modern markets—too accept the contractually transfiguring enterprises publicized through newly established discursive practices. This metamorphosing but a culturally vital process has been intimated by an Egyptian novelist Naguib Mahfouz in his novel Midaq Alley published in 1947. The characters of this novel experience certain paradoxes of appropriation and transfiguration for the colonially syllabized market fetishes. Above all, the metaphor of crippling in this fiction signifies the repercussions of (atrophying) modernity in Cairo. The research, therefore, critically evaluates the intersubjective modes of production in Midaq Alley which (tend to) cripple and appropriate the masses in accordance with the norms of modernity in market.
Phase Carrier approach based on Optical Code Division Multiple Access Networks
Authors: FADHIL HILAL
Published: March 2022

A technique for optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) spectral amplitude coding is proposed and analyzed. The proposed approach is based on combining both OCDMA systems over a phase carrier. Compared with conventional OCDMA systems, this approach exhibits numerous advantages such as simplicity in the system design and cost efficiency. The phase shift based on phase modulation is adopted in the proposed system, and the orthogonal function based on the random diagonal code is applied. The proposed scheme is considered cost-effective because only one laser source is used; which minimizes interference for access network passive optical network applications and improves the system performance of bit-error rate (BER 10-12).
Fibromyalgia
Authors: Rahman Izaz ur
Published: March 2022

Fibromyalgia is a chronic widespread pain disorder affecting individuals of different age groups, sex and socio cultural background. It is estimated to affect 2-5% of western population. Fibromyalgia is a chronic non inflammatory, non-autoimmune central afferent processing disorder leading to a diffuse pain syndrome. The symptoms include widespread pain, fatigue, stiffness and sleep disturbance, cognitive problems and mood disorders (anxiety, depression or both)
Beginner's Luck that Hertz
Authors: Yona A. Kornsgold
Published: March 2022

In United States bankruptcies, the absolute priority rule dictates that shareholders recover no value unless creditors are paid in full. Because unsecured creditors are typically not paid in full, shareholders lose their ownership interest and recover little to nothing in bankruptcy. Despite the minuscule chances that debtors’ shareholders will recover their investment in bankruptcy, debtors’ stocks continue to trade in large volume during bankruptcy. Amateur investors, who know little about the small chance of shareholder recovery, buy bankrupt company stock—especially that of well-known public companies trading at low prices—from sophisticated, institutional investors. Consequently, amateur investors can see huge losses during the bankruptcy process, while institutional investors are able to hedge some of their losses from now-insolvent companies. 

The current public and private regulatory regimes do not have the authority or desire to protect amateur investors trading bankrupt company stock. This Note proposes that Congress adopt an amendment to the Bankruptcy Code that grants bankruptcy courts a limited power to suspend trading in a company’s stock after the company files for bankruptcy. To trigger this measure, the courts must determine that shareholders are likely to receive little to no value in bankruptcy and that amateur investors will ignorantly purchase such bankrupt company stock. This Note then discusses the proposed amendment and its potential consequences and responds to expected criticisms of the amendment.
La Réussite du Compte d'Investissement de Partage de Profit et de Perte : Quelles Options pour le Produit Moudaraba ?
Authors: El Azzouzi Zouhair
Published: March 2022

La finance participative est peu connue, surtout au niveau de certaines techniques avec des structures compliquées, de même, les clients bancaires musulmans ne sont pas seulement motivés par la religion, le rendement se présente aussi comme un facteur essentiel pour certains segments. Par conséquent, les banques participatives doivent veiller à une bonne combinaison des facteurs entrant dans l’élaboration et la commercialisation du produit. Notamment, les directives réglementaires, l’éducation et la sensibilisation des clients et le facteur personnel. La communication doit être intensifiée pour promouvoir la finance participative en s’appuyant sur ces valeurs éthiques et religieuses englobées dans la doctrine musulmane. Elle doit aussi veiller à une formation adéquate du personnel. Entant qu’un facteur important dans la communication des comptes d’investissement de partage de profit et de perte, ce dernier doit être sensibilisé est cultivé à-propos de son importance dans la contribution à la promotion du produit. Le personnel doit communiquer et expliquer le fonctionnement du produit avec tout engagement et responsabilité. Notamment la bonne explication des réserves qui mettent en cause souvent la conformité à la « charia » du compte.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Serbest Zaman Tutumları ile Serbest Zamanda Sıkılma Algıları Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: SERDAR Emrah , HARMANDAR DEMİREL Duygu
Published: March 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, katılımcıların serbest zaman tutumları ile serbest zamanda sıkılma algıları arasındakifarklılıkların ortaya koyulmasıdır. Ayrıca, üniversite öğrencilerinin serbest zaman tutumları ile serbest zamandasıkılma algıları arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemiile İstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa Spor Bilimleri Fakültesinde okuyan 132 erkek ve 119 kadın olmak üzeretoplamda 251 kişi oluşturmuştur. Çalışmada kullanılan veri toplama araçları; kişisel bilgi formuna ek olarak,Iso-Ahola ve Weissinger (1990) tarafından geliştirilen, Kara ile ark., (2014) tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlanan “BoşZamanlarda Sıkılma Algısı Ölçeği (BZSAÖ)” ile Ragheb ve Beard (1982) tarafından geliştirilen ve Akgül ile Gürbüz(2011) tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlanan “Boş Zaman Tutum Ölçeği (BZTÖ)” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde ise,MANOVA ve Pearson Korelasyon analizlerinden faydalanılmıştır. MANOVA analizi sonuçlarına göre; “Cinsiyet”ve “Refah Durumları” değişkenlerinin BZTÖ ile BZSAÖ’nün alt faktörleri üzerindeki ana etkisinin manidar olduğutespit edilmiştir. BZTÖ’nün alt boyutları ile BZSAÖ’nün “Sıkılma” alt boyutu arasında düşük ve negatif yönde birilişki olduğu görülürken; BZSAÖ’nün “Doyum” alt boyutu ile arasında ise orta ve pozitif yönde bir ilişki olduğubelirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; katılımcıların sosyo-demografik özelliklerine göre, BZTÖ ile BZSAÖ düzeylerininfarklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Son olarak ise, bireylerin serbest zaman tutum düzeyleri ile sıkılma algılarıarasında düşük yönde ve negatif bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır.