bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Generation and Characterization of Human iPSC-Derived Astrocytes with Potential for Modeling X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy Phenotypes
Authors: Kaur Navtej , Singh Jaspreet
Published: February 2025

X-adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a peroxisomal metabolic disorder caused by mutations in the ABCD1 gene encoding the peroxisomal ABC transporter adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ALDP). Similar mutations in ABCD1 may result in a spectrum of phenotypes in males with slow progressing adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) and fatal cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy (cALD) dominating most cases. Mouse models of X-ALD do not capture the phenotype differences and an appropriate model to investigate the mechanism of disease onset and progress remains a critical need. Here, we generated induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from skin fibroblasts of two each of apparently healthy control, AMN, and cALD patients with non-integrating mRNA-based reprogramming. iPSC lines expanded normally and expressed pluripotency markers Oct4, SOX2, NANOG, SSEA, and TRA-1–60. Expression of markers SOX17, Brachyury, Desmin, OXT2, and beta tubulin III demonstrated the ability of the iPSCs to differentiate into all three germ layers. iPSC-derived lines from CTL, AMN, and cALD male patients were differentiated into astrocytes. Differentiated AMN and cALD astrocytes lacked ABCD1 expression and accumulated saturated very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs), a hallmark of X-ALD, and demonstrated differential mitochondrial bioenergetics, cytokine gene expression, and differences in STAT3 and AMPK signaling between AMN and cALD astrocytes. These patient astrocytes provide disease-relevant tools to investigate the mechanism of differential neuroinflammatory response in X-ALD and will be valuable cell models for testing new therapeutics.
Development of a Carvedilol-Loaded Solid Self-Nanoemulsifying System with Increased Solubility and Bioavailability Using Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
Authors: Jang Hangeul , Kim Nahyun , Jin Sung Giu
Published: February 2025

This study developed a solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SNEDDS) to improve the oral bioavailability of poorly soluble carvedilol using mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). The liquid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (L-SNEDDS) consisted of carvedilol, Peceol, Tween 80, and Labrasol in a weight ratio of 10:25:50:25. The liquid SNEDDS was suspended in MSN at various ratios and spray-dried to produce S-SNEDDS. The emulsion size, PDI, solubility, and dissolution of various ratios of MSN were evaluated to make the optimal S-SNEDDS. The optimal S-SNEDDS, manufactured using a ratio of MSN to L-SNEDDS 1000 at 500, formed a nanoemulsion and achieved efficient supersaturation compared to carvedilol alone, which significantly improved drug solubility (approximately 400 times), dissolution (approximately 5.7 times at 60 min), area under the curve (AUC) (21.7 times), and maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) (15.7 times). In addition, the physicochemical properties of the optimal S-SNEDDS were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), particle size, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. S-SNEDDS showed a smaller particle size than MSN alone, and the crystalline drug was transformed into an amorphous substance, resulting in encapsulation in MSN. These results suggest that MSN can be a novel biocompatible carrier contributing to a safer and more effective delivery system.
Human Embryonic Kidney HEK293 Cells as a Model to Study SMVT-Independent Transport of Biotin and Biotin-Furnished Nanoparticles in Targeted Therapy
Authors: Twardowska Magdalena , Łyskowski Andrzej , Misiorek Maria , Szymaszek Żaneta , Wołowiec Stanisław , Dąbrowska Magdalena , Uram Łukasz
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells as a model of normal cells in biotin-mediated therapy. The expression and role of sodium multivitamin transporter (SMVT) in the uptake and accumulation of free biotin, as well as cationic and neutral biotinylated PAMAM dendrimers of the fourth generation synthesized in our laboratory, were assessed in HEK293 cells in comparison to other immortalized (HaCaT) and cancer cells (HepG2, U-118 MG). The obtained data showed that a higher level of SMVT in HEK293 cells was not associated with a stronger uptake of biotin and biotinylated PAMAM dendrimers. Biotinylation increased the selective uptake of neutral dendrimers in an inversely proportional manner to the concentration used; however, the accumulation in HEK293 cells was lower than that in cells of other cell lines. The time-dependent biotin and biotinylated dendrimers uptake profiles differed significantly. Therefore, it should be assumed that the efficiency of biotinylated nanoparticles’ uptake depends on multiple cellular transport mechanisms. Toxicity tests showed significantly higher sensitivity to PAMAM conjugates for HEK293 cells than for HepG2 and HaCaT cells. Molecular modeling studies and the profile of biotin uptake suggest that not only SMVT but also monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT-1) may play an important role in the selective transport of biotin and biotinylated nanoparticles into cells. Due to the complexity of the problem, further studies are necessary. In summary, HEK293 cells can be considered a valuable model of normal cells in the study of biotin- targeted therapy using nanoparticles based on PAMAM dendrimers.
High-Throughput Screening of Five Compound Libraries for Anthelmintic Activity and Toxicity Leads to the Discovery of Two Flavonoid Compounds
Authors: Galli Giulio , Ruiz-Somacarrera Marta , González del Palacio Laura , Melcón-Fernández Estela , González-Pérez Rubén , García-Estrada Carlos , Martinez-Valladares Maria , Balaña-Fouce Rafael
Published: February 2025

Gastrointestinal nematode infections (GINs) in ruminants are a major constraint to efficient livestock production worldwide. Currently, only a limited number of anthelmintic drugs are available for the control of these infections, but their widespread use in preventive deworming campaigns and the incorrect administration of the drugs are responsible for the emergence of resistance. Therefore, new anthelmintic drugs are urgently needed. However, drug discovery methods for new anthelmintics based on GINs isolated from ruminants often have low throughput. In this study, a screening of five commercial collections of chemical compounds, including one collection of anti-infective drugs, three plant-based natural product collections, and one collection from the FDA-approved Chinese Pharmacopoeia, with a total of 2228 molecules, have been carried out in a high-throughput format. In the single slot screen, 32 compounds (1.44% success rate) achieved a >70% motility inhibition rate. Of these, 10 are known anthelmintic drugs, while the remaining 22 were tested against Haemonchus contortus and a resistant strain of Teladorsagia circumcincta. Four compounds (two flavonoids, chalcone and trans-chalcone), and two anti-infectives (octenidine and tolfenpyrad), showed anthelmintic activity with EC50 values below 20 µM, and were further tested for their safety against HepG2 spheroids and mouse intestinal organoids. Trans-chalcone and chalcone emerged as promising candidates for future development, showing selective indexes > 5, while tolfenpyrad and octenidine require careful evaluation due to their toxicity profiles.
Facilitating Maize Seed Germination Under Heat Stress via Exogenous Melatonin
Authors: Chen Congcong , Li Dongxiao , Yan Yujie , Yin Congpei , Shi Zhaojin , Zhang Yuechen , Tao Peijun
Published: February 2025

Seed germination is a critical phase during which plants are particularly sensitive to environmental stresses, especially heat stress, due to the high metabolic and physiological activities required for initial growth. Melatonin (MT), a key antioxidant, is crucial for assisting plants in managing abiotic stresses. While the impact of melatonin on heat stress has been explored in other developmental stages or species, this is the first study to specifically focus on its role during maize seed germination under heat stress. The treatment with 50 μM melatonin significantly enhanced seed germination under heat stress by improving antioxidant capacity, osmotic regulation, and hydrolytic enzyme activity, likely through the modulation of key signaling pathways, thus reducing oxidative damage and starch content. Furthermore, melatonin application promoted the accumulation of endogenous gibberellins (GAs) and significantly inhibited abscisic acid (ABA) content, thereby maintaining a dynamic equilibrium between these phytohormones. Principal component analysis and correlation analysis provided deeper insights into the overall effects of these physiological and biochemical parameters. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis revealed that melatonin exerted its regulatory effects by modulating key genes and pathways associated with antioxidant defense, stress responses, and plant hormone signal transduction. Furthermore, melatonin significantly modulated the GA and ABA signaling pathways, starch and sucrose metabolism, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, thereby reducing oxidative damage induced by heat stress and strengthening the defense mechanisms of maize seeds. The alignment between the qRT-PCR findings and transcriptomic data further validated the robustness of these underlying mechanisms. In conclusion, this study provides novel insights into the role of melatonin in enhancing maize seed germination under heat stress and offers a promising strategy for improving crop heat tolerance through melatonin application in agricultural practices.
Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor: A Promising Biomarker for Mortality Prediction Among Critical ED Patients
Authors: Wozniak Piotr , Sieminski Mariusz , Pyrzowski Jan , Petrosjan Rafael , Głogowski-Kulasza Jakub , Leszczyński-Czeczatka Jakub
Published: February 2025

Patients admitted to the emergency department (ED) are a highly diverse group in terms of the risk of death. In overcrowded EDs, it becomes crucial to quickly and reliably estimate the risk of death or significant health deterioration. For this purpose, the concentration of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) in plasma has been studied in recent years in various patient populations. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that measuring suPAR upon the ED admission of critically ill patients can identify those at the highest mortality risk. To verify this hypothesis, we analyzed the relationship between suPAR plasma concentration, other biochemical parameters, and Early Warning Scores (EWSs) on admission and survival to hospital discharge. The study group consisted of 61 ED patients with priority 1 in the Manchester Triage System (MTS), excluding patients with illness caused by environmental factors. Positive correlations between suPAR and inflammatory parameters such as CRP and PCT, as well as the warning scales MEWS, MEDS, and qSOFA, were confirmed. Plasma suPAR concentration on admission was found to be a promising predictor of in-hospital mortality. The study indicated the potential prognostic value of suPAR as the mortality risk predictor for a specific population of critically ill ED patients.
Congenital Stationary Night Blindness (CSNB)—Case Reports and Review of Current Knowledge
Authors: Durajczyk Magdalena , Lubiński Wojciech
Published: February 2025

Purpose: To present the current state of knowledge and our diagnosed patients with congenital stationary night blindness. Material and methods: Data from the PubMed database on CSNB and the presentation of patients with complete and incomplete forms of this condition. Patients underwent routine ophthalmologic examination, optical coherence tomography, and full-field elecroretinogram (ERG-ISCEV), ON-OFF ERG. Results: CSNB is a group of rare, non-progressive retinal diseases characterized by impaired night vision from birth, reduced visual acuity, myopia, nystagmus, and strabismus. Color vision and fundus imaging are most often normal. CSNB is mainly inherited autosomal recessively. Eighteen genes with more than 360 pathogenic variants have been detected in this condition. The effect of gene mutations is to damage the function of rods (Riggs type) and bipolar cells of the retina (Schubert–Bornstein type). The key diagnostic test in CSNB is ERG. In diagnosed cases of complete CSNB the following types have been registered: rod ERG absent, rod–cone response negative (ON bipolar cell defect), and photopic ERG enlarged a-wave. In incomplete CSNB-rod ERG-subnormal, rod-cone response-negative (bipolar cell defect ON, OFF), photopic ERG-subnormal with a double peak in the flicker fusion frequency. Knowledge of the phenotypic changes associated with various gene pathogenic variants is still very limited, hindering the ability to correctly diagnose a patient based on clinical examination and additional ophthalmologic tests. However, some phenotypic features found in our cases were consistent with pathogenic variants previously described in the literature and helped to make a diagnosis that was proven by genetic testing. Conclusions: Congenital stationary night blindness should be considered in the diagnosis of retinal diseases manifesting with impaired night vision. A correct diagnosis is especially important for the patients, as it is nonprogressive, unlike other diseases that should be considered in the differential diagnoses.
Exploring the Association Between Dietary Fruit Intake and Endometriosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rashidian Pegah , Amini-Salehi Ehsan , Karami Shaghayegh , Nezhat Camran , Nezhat Farr
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disorder affecting up to 10% of women of reproductive age. The etiology of endometriosis remains unclear; however, there is growing interest in identifying modifiable risk factors, particularly dietary influences. The present study aims to systematically evaluate the association between fruit consumption and the incidence of endometriosis. Methods: A comprehensive systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for studies published from 1 January 1990 to 30 September 2024. Relevant data were extracted and categorized, and the methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklists. Additionally, meta-analyses were performed using STATA 18.0 to compare daily and weekly fruit consumption among women with and without endometriosis. Results: The analysis included six studies comprising 3689 women with endometriosis and 1463 controls. The meta-analysis revealed no significant association between daily fruit consumption and the risk of endometriosis (odds ratio (OR): 0.95; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.90–1.01). Similarly, weekly fruit consumption did not demonstrate a significant link to endometriosis risk (OR 1.03, 95% CI: 0.78–1.35). The assessment of publication bias using Begg’s and Egger’s tests, along with contour-enhanced funnel plots, indicated the absence of publication bias in the data across both analysis groups. Conclusions: This study indicates that fruit consumption does not significantly influence the risk of developing endometriosis. Additional research is necessary to examine preferred dietary interventions for populations affected by this condition.
Global Dense Vector Representations for Words or Items Using Shared Parameter Alternating Tweedie Model
Authors: Kim Taejoon , Wang Haiyan
Published: February 2025

In this article, we present a model for analyzing the co-occurrence count data derived from practical fields such as user–item or item–item data from online shopping platforms and co-occurring word–word pairs in sequences of texts. Such data contain important information for developing recommender systems or studying the relevance of items or words from non-numerical sources. Different from traditional regression models, there are no observations for covariates. Additionally, the co-occurrence matrix is typically of such high dimension that it does not fit into a computer’s memory for modeling. We extract numerical data by defining windows of co-occurrence using weighted counts on the continuous scale. Positive probability mass is allowed for zero observations. We present the Shared Parameter Alternating Tweedie (SA-Tweedie) model and an algorithm to estimate the parameters. We introduce a learning rate adjustment used along with the Fisher scoring method in the inner loop to help the algorithm stay on track with optimizing direction. Gradient descent with the Adam update was also considered as an alternative method for the estimation. Simulation studies showed that our algorithm with Fisher scoring and learning rate adjustment outperforms the other two methods. We applied SA-Tweedie to English-language Wikipedia dump data to obtain dense vector representations for WordPiece tokens. The vector representation embeddings were then used in an application of the Named Entity Recognition (NER) task. The SA-Tweedie embeddings significantly outperform GloVe, random, and BERT embeddings in the NER task. A notable strength of the SA-Tweedie embedding is that the number of parameters and training cost for SA-Tweedie are only a tiny fraction of those for BERT.
Bio-Based Surfactants and Biosurfactants: An Overview and Main Characteristics
Authors: Romero Vega Gloria , Gallo Stampino Paola
Published: February 2025

Natural surfactants are surface-active molecules synthesized from renewable resources (i.e., plants, animals, or microorganisms) and possess properties comparable to conventional surfactants, making them an environmentally friendly potential alternative to petrochemical surfactants. Additionally, they exhibit biological properties such as anti-microbial properties, biodegradability, and less toxicity, allowing their use in everyday products with minimal risk to human health and the environment. Based on their mode of production, natural surfactants can be classified into first-generation or bio-based surfactants and second-generation or biosurfactants, although their definition may vary depending on the author in the literature. This review offers an extensive classification of bio-based surfactants and biosurfactants, focusing on their composition, natural sources, production methods, and potential applications across various industries. Furthermore, the main challenges and future perspectives are discussed.
Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses on the Consumption of Different Food Groups and the Risk of Overweight and Obesity
Authors: Kristoffersen Emilie , Hjort Sofie Lassen , Thomassen Lise M. , Arjmand Elaheh Javadi , Perillo Matteo , Balakrishna Rajiv , Onni Anindita Tasnim , Sletten Ida Sofie Karlsen , Lorenzini Antonello , Fadnes Lars T.
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Dietary choices play an essential role in energy balance and weight gain. This systematic umbrella review investigates the association between the intake of various food groups (whole grains, refined grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, legumes, fish, eggs, total dairy, red meat, white meat, processed meat, added sugar, and sugar-sweetened beverages) and their associations to the risk of obesity and being overweight. Methods: We systematically searched Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Epistemonikos for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. A total of 2925 articles were screened, and 13 articles were included in our analysis. Results: For each food group, data included a mean of 166,100 participants and 36,760 cases, ranging from 19,885 participants and 7183 cases for red meat to 520,331 participants and 91,256 cases for nuts. Heterogeneity was high for most of the food groups except for whole grains and sugar-sweetened beverages. The quality of the most comprehensive meta-analyses was high for all food groups, except for processed meats, which was of low quality. High intakes of whole grains, legumes, nuts, and fruits are associated with a reduced risk of overweight and obesity. In contrast, high intakes of red meat and sugar-sweetened beverages are associated with increased risk of overweight and obesity. No significant results were found for the remaining food groups, and no meta-analysis was found for fish, eggs, white meat, and added sugars. Conclusions: Diets rich in whole grains, legumes, nuts, and fruits are associated with a lower risk of developing obesity and being overweight. In contrast, diets high in red meat and sugar-sweetened beverages are associated with an increased risk of overweight and obesity.
Association Between Triglyceride–Glucose Related Index and Endometriosis Varies According to Educational Level
Authors: Lin Chuan , Wu Qian , Luo Zhao , Du Jiacheng , Hong Seong-Tshool , Chae Hee-Suk
Published: February 2025

Background: The association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) level, its obesity-related derivatives, and the occurrence of endometriosis (EMS) remains ambiguous, particularly in individuals with higher levels of education. This study sought to explore the relationship between TyG, its obesity-related derivatives, and EMS across various educational backgrounds. Methods: This study utilized a substantial dataset obtained from four cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 1999 and 2006. To explore the relationship between TyG, its obesity-related derivatives, and EMS, we employed a variety of analytical methods, including multivariable logistic regression models, smooth curve fitting, threshold effect analysis, and subgroup analysis, which were applied to participants with varying educational levels. Results: Among the 2347 participants, 203 (8.65%) were diagnosed with EMS. In the overall population, only the TyG, TyG-waist-to-height ratio (TyG-WHtR), and TyG-waist circumference (TyG-WC) variables demonstrated a positive association with EMS. However, within the group with high educational attainment, TyG, TyG-WHtR, TyG-WC, and TyG-body mass index (TyG-BMI) all exhibited positive correlations with EMS. These associations remained robust after adjustment for multiple potential confounding variables. The subgroup analysis demonstrated that these associations were consistent across different subgroups (p > 0.05). Furthermore, both linear and nonlinear relationships were observed between TyG and its obesity-related derivatives and EMS, as evidenced by the smooth curve fittings and threshold effect analyses. In contrast, no significant associations were identified in the group with lower levels of education. Conclusions: Our study suggests that there is variation in the association between TyG and its obesity-related derivatives and EMS across different educational levels, warranting further investigation. In individuals with higher education, elevated levels of TyG and its obesity-related derivatives were associated with a higher prevalence of EMS. Conversely, this correlation was not observed among those with lower educational levels.
Effect of Different Temperatures on Herbicide Efficacy for the Management of the Invasive Weed Solanum rostratum Dunal (Family: Solanaceae)
Authors: Abu-Nassar Jackline , Matzrafi Maor
Published: February 2025

Solanum rostratum Dunal, an invasive weed first recorded in Israel in the 1950s, undergoes multiple germination waves from early spring to late summer. Recently, its distribution has significantly expanded, with new populations reported throughout the country. This study assessed the efficacy of various herbicides for controlling S. rostratum populations under two distinct temperature regimes, focusing on temperature-dependent variations in herbicide performance. The results demonstrated that fluroxypyr and tembotrione consistently achieved high levels of control across all temperature conditions. Conversely, oxyfluorfen exhibited low performance under elevated temperatures and showed greater population-specific variability, while metribuzin proved more effective at higher temperatures across all S. rostratum populations. These findings emphasize the pivotal role of post-application temperature in influencing herbicide efficacy and underscore the importance of a precise application timing to optimize the control outcomes. Temperature-optimized herbicide strategies could play a critical role in limiting the spread and establishment of S. rostratum in agricultural systems, contributing to a sustainable and effective weed management.
Characterization of Key Odorants in Hemp Seed Oil Extracted from the Hemp Seeds Roasted Under Various Conditions
Authors: Bai Yuchen , You Ningke , Tian Hongyu , Zhao Xuebing
Published: February 2025

Hemp seed oil is nutritious. Besides cannabinoids, it has a higher Omega-3 fatty acid content, making it an ideal and healthy edible oil. Roasting is a key factor affecting the flavor of hemp seed oil. In this study, solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-O-MS) was used to analyze the volatile compounds of hemp seed oil after the hemp seeds were roasted at different temperatures (120 °C, 140 °C, 160 °C, 180 °C). α-pinene, (1S)-(1)-β-pinene, myrcene, and (E)-β-ocimene, which are typical odorants for herbs and fresh flavors, had an active odor value (OAV) ≥ 1. The sweet, nutty, and toasty flavors became more pronounced as the temperature increased. 2-pentylfuran provided the caramel flavor, and 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-6-methylpyrazine, and 2-ethyl-5-methylpyrazine provided the toasty flavor. The combination of sensory evaluation and data analysis was effective in differentiating the odors of hemp seed oil extracted at different temperatures. Reconstitution and deletion experiments showed that these odorants could mimic the overall aroma profile. This article provides a theoretical basis for the effect of over-roasting on the flavor of hemp seed oil.
Instrument Performance Analysis for Methane Point Source Retrieval and Estimation Using Remote Sensing Technique
Authors: Jiang Yuhan , Zhang Lu , Zhang Xingying , Cao Xifeng , Dou Haiyang , Zhang Lingfeng , Yan Huanhuan , Wang Yapeng , Si Yidan , Chen Binglong
Published: February 2025

The effective monitoring of methane (CH4) point sources is important for climate change research. Satellite-based observations have demonstrated significant potential for emission estimation. In this study, the methane plumes with different emission rates are modelled and pseudo-observations with diverse spatial resolution, spectral resolution, and signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) are simulated by the radiative transfer model. The iterative maximum a posteriori–differential optical absorption spectroscopy (IMAP-DOAS) algorithm is applied to retrieve the column-averaged methane dry air mole fraction (XCH4), a three-dimensional matrix of estimated plume emission rates is then constructed. The results indicate that an optimal plume estimation requires high spatial and spectral resolution alongside an adequate SNR. While a spatial resolution degradation within 120 m has little impact on quantification, a high spatial resolution is important for detecting low-emission plumes. Additionally, a fine spectral resolution (<5 nm) is more beneficial than a higher SNR for precise plume retrieval. Scientific SNR settings can also help to accurately quantify methane plumes, but there is no need to pursue an overly extreme SNR. Finally, miniaturized spectroscopic systems, such as dispersive spectrometers or Fabry–Pérot interferometers, meet current detection needs, offering a faster and resource-efficient deployment pathway. The results can provide a reference for the development of current detection instruments for methane plumes.
High-Resolution Mapping of Shallow Water Bathymetry Based on the Scale-Invariant Effect Using Sentinel-2 and GF-1 Satellite Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Guan Jiada , Zhang Huaguo , Han Tong , Cao Wenting , Wang Juan , Li Dongling
Published: February 2025

High-resolution water depth data are of great significance in island research and coastal ecosystem monitoring. However, the acquisition of high-resolution imagery has been a challenge due to the difficulties and high costs associated with obtaining such data. To address this issue, this study proposes a water depth inversion method based on Gaofen-1 (GF-1) satellite data, which integrates multi-source satellite data to obtain high-resolution bathymetric data. Specifically, the research utilizes bathymetric data derived from Sentinel-2 and Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) as prior information, combined with high-resolution imagery obtained from the GF-1 satellite constellation (GF-1B/C/D). Then, it employs a scale-invariant effect to map bathymetry with a spatial resolution of 2 m, applied to four study areas in the Pacific Islands. The results are further evaluated using ICESat-2 data, which demonstrate that the water depth inversion results from this study possess high accuracy, with R2 values exceeding 0.85, root mean square error (RMSE) ranging from 0.56 to 0.90 m, with an average of 0.7125 m, and mean absolute error (MAE) ranging from 0.43 to 0.76 m, with an average of 0.55 m. Additionally, this paper discusses the applicability of the scale-invariant assumption in this research and the improvements of the quadratic polynomial ratio model (QPRM) method compared to the classical linear ratio model (CLRM) method. The findings indicate that the integration of multi-source satellite remote sensing data based on the scale-invariant effect can effectively obtain high-precision, high-resolution bathymetric data, providing significant reference value for the application of GF-1 satellites in high-resolution bathymetry mapping.
The Impact of AIA on Farmers’ Income in the Eastern, Western, and Northern Regions of Guangdong Province: From the Perspective of Common Prosperity
Authors: Huang Shizheng , Ke Chunyuan
Published: February 2025

Achieving common prosperity and promoting coordinated regional development are key objectives of China’s economic and social development in the new era. The eastern, western, and northern regions of Guangdong (hereafter referred to as “the Regions”) possess abundant agricultural resources and serve as significant agricultural development zones within the province. A critical challenge for Guangdong’s high-quality development lies in how to enhance farmers’ income (FI) through agricultural industrial agglomeration (AIA), reduce economic disparities across regions, achieve coordinated regional development, and promote common prosperity. This study employs panel data from 12 prefecture-level cities in the Regions from 2012 to 2022 to examine the dynamic evolution of AIA and its impact on (FI). It focuses on the mechanisms through which industrial agglomeration influences income growth and explores the heterogeneity in its effects. The findings indicate that the impact of AIA on FI follows a stage-specific U-shaped pattern. Agricultural productivity mediates this relationship, demonstrating that industrial agglomeration enhances FI by improving production efficiency. However, the level of regional industrialization weakens the positive effect of AIA on income growth. To fully leverage the benefits of AIA in the Regions, this study recommends optimizing the spatial distribution of agricultural industries, integrating regional development advantages, advancing industrialization, improving rural infrastructure, and implementing region-specific policies. These measures aim to increase FI, narrow regional economic disparities in Guangdong, and achieve common prosperity.
Symmetry Properties and Their Application to Hilfer Fractional Systems
Authors: Sikora Beata
Published: February 2025

The paper investigates semilinear Hilfer fractional systems. A symmetric fractional derivative and its properties are discussed. A symmetrized model for these systems is proposed and examined. A bounded nonlinear function f is applied, depending on the time as well as on the state. The Laplace transformation is used to derive the solution formula for the systems under consideration. The primary contribution of the paper is the formulation and proof of controllability criteria for symmetrized Hilfer systems. To deepen the understanding of the dynamics of such systems, the concept of reflection symmetries is introduced with a detailed analysis of their essential features, including projection functions and a reflection operator. Furthermore, a decomposition of the symmetric Hilfer fractional derivative is presented, utilizing the projection function and reflection operator. This decomposition not only provides a controllability condition for symmetrized Hilfer systems but also clarifies the relationship between the system’s trajectory across subintervals. Two illustrative examples are presented to demonstrate the computational and practical significance of the theoretical results.
The Design, Simulation, and Construction of an O2, C3H8, and CO2 Gas Detection System Based on the Electrical Response of MgSb2O6 Oxide
Authors: Guillen Bonilla José Trinidad , Jiménez Rodríguez Maricela , Bonilla Héctor Guillen , Bonilla Alex Guillen , Padilla Emilio Huízar , Morales María Eugenia Sánchez , Flores Jiménez Ariadna Berenice , Gutiérrez Juan Carlos Estrada
Published: February 2025

In this paper, the prototype of a gas detector based on the electrical response of MgSb2O6 oxide at 400 °C and with a concentration of 560 ppm was designed, simulated, and fabricated. This design considers a PIC18F4550 microcontroller and a response time of 3 s for the sensor. It is worth noting that the response system can be reduced in concordance with the mathematical model of the sensor’s electrical response. The proposed device is capable of detecting one to three gases: O2, C3H8, and CO2. The configuration is achieved through three switches. In programming the prototype, factors such as the gas sensor signals, device configuration, corrective gas signals, and indicator signals were carefully considered. The characteristic of the gas detector is an operational temperature of 400 °C, which is ideal for industrial processing. This can be configured to detect a single gas or all three of them O2,C3H8,and CO2. Each gas type has its corresponding corrective signal and an indicator-led diode. The operation concentration is 560 ppm, the device is scalable, and its programming can be extended to cover industrial networks.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NURSE CARING AND PATIENT FAMILY SATISFACTION IN THE IGD ROOM RSJD DR ARIF ZAINUDIN SURAKARTA
Authors: Sulistyaningsih Sulistyaningsih , Agustin Wahyu Rima , Suryandari Dewi
Published: February 2025

Caring is central to nursing practice because caring is a dynamic approach, where nurses work to further improve their care for patients. Patient satisfaction is an evaluation or assessment after using a service, that the chosen service at least meets or exceeds expectations. If the patient's family asks about the patient's illness then the nurse does not give an answer in accordance with the intention of the patient's family, it will cause anxiety and fear of the action procedures given to the patient. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a relationship between nurse caring and patient family satisfaction in the emergency room of Surakarta Mental Hospital. The criteria for respondents are the families of patients with patients who will be hospitalized at Dr. Arif Zainuddin Surakarta Hospital with a sample of 15 people. How to collect data is by giving a caring questionnaire and satisfaction questionnaire to the patient's family. The results obtained from the analysis with the Chi Square statistical test explained the results of asym sig. 0.001 (<0.05) and it can be concluded that there is a relationship between caring nurses and patient family satisfaction in the emergency room of Dr. Arif Zainudin Surakarta Hospital.
THE INFLUENCE OF HEALTH EDUCATION WITH FLIP SHEETS MEDIA ABOUT FE TABLETS ON THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE OF PREGNANT WOMEN AT THE SUNGAI RAYA PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER IN KUBU RAYA
Authors: Yolanda Aini , Wijayanti Wijayanti , Wulandari Retno
Published: February 2025

Background : Anemia in pregnant women is a condition in which the mother has an Hb level of less than 11 gr% as a result of the inability of the red blood cell-forming tissue (erythropoietic) in its production to maintain Hb concentration at normal levels (Ariani et al., n.d., 2022 in Rohani et al., 2023). One important effort in preventing and overcoming anemia is the provision of Fe tablets. Non-compliance of pregnant women in consuming iron tablets can have a greater chance of developing anemia (Astriana, 2017 in Rumiati, 2023). To increase knowledge and compliance in consuming Fe tablets, namely by providing health education or education (Widya, 2021 in Rumiati, 2023).
Objective : This study aims to analyze the effect of health education using flipchart media about Fe tablets on the level of knowledge of pregnant women at the Sungai Raya Dalam Kubu Raya Health Center.
Method : This study is a Pre-Experimental design study with a one group pretest-posttest method. The population of this study was all pregnant women who underwent pregnancy check-ups at the Sungai Raya Dalam Health Center from July to September 2023, totaling 535 people, while the sample obtained from the calculation results was 53 pregnant women. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The data analysis used was the Wilcoxon test.
Results : The results of this study indicate that there is an effect of health education with flipchart media about Fe tablets on the level of knowledge in pregnant women with a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). The knowledge of pregnant women before being given health education with flipchart media was sufficient, then after being given health education with flipchart media it was good.
THE CORRELATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND THE ANEMIA INCIDENT OF PREGNANT WOMEN IN THE GROGOL HEALTH CENTER, SUKOHARJO REGENCY
Authors: Sugiarsih Yusuf Dian , Prastyoningsih Aris , Eka Widyastuti Deny
Published: February 2025

The occurrence of anemia in pregnancy causes premature birth, miscarriage, growth and development disorders, and is prone to illness. Anemia in pregnancy is determined by the knowledge factor of pregnant women about anemia. The study objective was determined the correlation of knowledge with the occurrence of anemia in pregnant women at the Grogol Health Center. The study applied observational research through a cross-sectional design. The study sample included 52 pregnant women at the Grogol Health Center. The study used primary and secondary data. The research tool used a questionnaire. Data were analyzed univariately and bivariately. Bivariate analysis applied the Spearman rank. Data analysis showed 1) The characteristics of respondents were high school (65.4%), housewives (51.9%), pregnant in the second trimester (44.2%), and multiparous (51.9%). 2) The level of knowledge of respondents was included in the good category. 3) The majority of pregnant women at the Grogol Health Center did not experience anemia. 4) There was a relationship between the knowledge level and anemia (sig. value 0.014 ≤ 0.05). The conclusion that there is a relationship between the knowledge level and anemia at the Grogol Health Center.
Disability prevention and management in leprosy in Binh Thuan province and some related factors
Authors: Huynh Phan Ngoc Buu , Tran Thi Hong Diem
Published: February 2025

The number of leprosy patients in need of disability care is still large, but resources in terms of funding, human resources, material resources and the attention of the political system are increasingly decreasing because leprosy has been eliminated at the district level. Therefore, there needs to be research on the current situation and some factors affecting the management of disabled leprosy patients in the current situation to have appropriate intervention solutions.

Objectives: To describe the results of disability prevention and control management in people with leprosy with level 1 and 2 disabilities in Binh Thuan province and some influencing factors.

Methods: Cross-sectional study.

Results: Management of leprosy disability prevention activities on records and on patients is still low; There are associations with leprosy disability levels: Incomplete medical records are 1.09 times more likely to have level 2 disability, similarly: inaccurate assessment of disease condition (1.08 times higher), advice on how to exercise for recovery inadequate disability (1.07 times higher), inadequate supplies (1.06 times higher) and family discrimination (1.10 times higher).

Conclusions: Organize specialized training at the commune level, focusing on fully recording medical records, properly assessing the patient’s condition, strengthening communication, and providing disability prevention and control materials for the poor

Key words: leprosy disability, leprosy, Binh Thuan.
Survey of clinical characteristics and images of lung lesions in rheumatoid arthritis patients with interstitial lung disease
Authors: Duong Minh Tri , Hoang Bui Bao , Trinh Hoang Kim Tu
Published: February 2025

Background: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the most common manifestation of lung lesions in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In Vietnam, currently the treatment of RA is still a challenge in clinical practice. Besides, the detection, treatment and management of interstitial lung disease in RA patients is still controversial among clinicians. So we conducted this study.

Methods: Prospective study describing all RA patients with interstitial lung disease diagnosed, treated and monitored at the Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology at Gia Dinh Hospital during the period from February 2023 to February 2024. We enrolled 233 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, including 91 patients diagnosed with ILD by high-resolution chest CT according to ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT 2018 standards.

Results: Females accounted for 90.1%, the male:female ratio was 1:9. The average age of the patient group is 59.6 years old, the group of patients over 50 years old accounts 85.8%. 1/3 of patients have rheumatoid arthritis for 5 years or more. Regarding clinical respiratory characteristics, we found that the majority of patients had symptoms of difficulty breathing, accounting for 68.1%. Most patients have mild dyspnea with mMRC score level 1, accounting for 52.7%. The SDAI scale shows that most patients have a high level of activity. On high-resolution chest CT, images of parenchymal lesions in the form of common interstitial pneumonia (UIP) account for the highest proportion of 70.4%, and atypical interstitial pneumonia accounts for 26.3%. Most of the area of lung parenchymal damage accounts for 5% (ratio is 65.9%). Pulmonary fibrosis is detected in more than half of patients.

Conclusion: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis need to be screened for interstitial lung disease when they have the following factors: being 50 years old or older, having respiratory symptoms such as difficulty breathing, dry cough. RA disease duration > 5 years. Most patients have UIP-type lung damage on high-resolution chest CT images and attention should be paid to pulmonary fibrosis associated with ILD

Key words: interstitial lung disease, rheumatoid arthritis, high-resolution CVLT, interstitial pneumonia.
Selective pedicle control techniques in surgery to treat liver injury: 56 case experience
Authors: Nguyen Huy Toan
Published: February 2025

Background: In recent years, liver injuries and wounds worldwide, as well as in Vietnam, are on the rise due to an increasing number of occupational accidents and household incidents Nghe An is a province located far from the two major medical centers in the country. Therefore, implementing emergency surgical interventions for localized pathologies is a pressing issue, aimed at reducing mortality or worsening conditions during transport. Our study focuses on the application of selective hepatic pedicle control techniques in the surgical management of liver trauma and injuries, aiming to assess the outcomes and share insights gained from 56 cases of liver trauma.

Materials and method: A cross-sectional descriptive study on 56 patients undergoing surgery for traumatic liver injury using selective pedicle control techniques at Nghe An General Hospital from January 2016 to December 2022.

Results: 40 males (71.4%), 16 females (28.8%), average age 34.13 ± 11.36 years old (7 - 57 years old); Right-side selective pedicle control 22 (39.3%), Pringle maneuver combined with selective pedicle control 31 (55.4%); Treatment of lesions by liver resection accounted for 51.8%, liver suturing 35.7%; Postoperative complications: bile leak 3.6%, bleeding 3.6%; liver failure after surgery 1.8%, death 7.1%; Post-operative results: good 78.6%; moderate and bad accounted for 21.4%.

Conclusion: selective pedicle control techniques in surgery to treat liver injury initially gives positive results, limiting bleeding and preserving the physiological function of the healthy liver. The technique is quick and relatively easy to perform.

Key words: selective pedicle control techniques, liver injury.
The value of ultrasound in diagnosis cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Luong Ngoc Trung , Tran Minh Bao Luan , Phan Van Thai , Le Duc Tuan , Do Tuong Huan , Tran Xuan Tiem , Jaillot Pierre , Nguyen Quang Trong , Tran Van Kien , Pham Dinh Khuong , Nguyen The Hien , Trinh Cong Thao , Nguyen Thi Thanh Tam , Nassim Kahouadj
Published: February 2025

Objective: To study the value of ultrasound (US) in diagnosing cervical lymph node metastasis in patients (pts) with thyroid carcinoma (TC) before surgery by comparing it with the pathology results of cervical lymph nodes after surgery.

Subjects and Methods: A retrospective study from January 2019 to December 2023. A total of 313 pts underwent TC surgery at FV Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City. 197 pts were excluded due to no cervical lymph node detected on US and/or non lymph node on thyroid tissue operated. 116 pts were selected for the study with the following criteria: confirmed diagnosis of TC based on fine-needle aspiration (FNA) or core biopsy, US evaluation of cervical lymph node metastasis before surgery according to the lateral cervical node regions (groups I, II, III, IV, V) and central node group (group VI) and post-surgical histopathology of cervical lymph nodes for comparison with pre-surgical US results. The diagnostic value of US for all cervical lymph node groups combined, as well as for the lateral and central lymph node groups, was determined by calculating the following indicators: accuracy, sensitivity (Sen), specificity (Spe), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and area under the ROC curve (AUC).

Results: Female/male ratio = 3.3/1 (89/27 pts). The average age was 43 ± 12.41. The metastasis rate: 49.1% for all cervical lymph nodes, 44.8% for the central cervical lymph node group. The diagnostic value of US for cervical lymph node metastasis was: acceptable for all cervical lymph node groups combined with an accuracy of 0.71(95% CI: 0.70 - 0.71), Sen 0.46 (95% CI: 0.44 - 0.46), Spe 0.95 (95% CI: 0.94 - 0.95), PPV 0.89 (95% CI: 0.89 - 0.90), NPV 0.64 (95% CI: 0.63 - 0.65), and AUC 0.70 (95% CI: 0.6 - 0.8); very good for the lateral cervical node group: accuracy 0.96 (95% CI: 0.96–0.97), Sen 0.96 (95% CI: 0.95–0.96), Spe 0.97(95% CI: 0.96 - 0.97), PPV 0.89 (95% CI: 0.88 - 0.89), NPV 0.98 (95% CI: 0.98 - 0.99), AUC 0.94 (95% CI: 0.8 - 1.0); and weak for the central cervical node group: accuracy 0.58 (95% CI: 0.57 - 0.59), Sen 0.11 (95% CI: 0.11 - 0.12), Spe 0.96 (95% CI: 0.96 - 0.97), PPV 0.75 (95% CI: 0.74 - 0.76), NPV 0.57 (95% CI: 0.56 - 0.58), and AUC 0.66 (95% CI: 0.5 - 0.8).

Conclusion: US is a good diagnostic tool for detecting lateral cervical lymph node metastasis in TC. The ability to detect cervical lymph node metastasis is very low for the central node group.

Key words: thyroid carcinoma, ultrasound, cervical lymph node metastasis.