bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPING INFORMATION SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT ARCHIEVING CORRESPONDING MAIL BASED ON WEBSITE
Authors: Hebrasianto Permadi Dimas Fanny
Published: May 2019

Administration is part of the institution authorized to handle documents and archiving. The archiving mail is required for management mail data. The problem is the mail archiving still using hardfile like the result of print out from Office Application such as Microsoft Word. The archiving mail is like writing the data on incoming and outgoing mail in the report’s book. Because of that, The management of letters using the print out is oftenerrors in storing mail data. Applications corresponding aims to change the way storage is hardfile letter into tangible softfile mail archives, making it easier to perform archiving these letters as a database.This application is built using waterfall method which the plot carried out gradually. The result of this application is the officer used this application more helpful for correspondences and improve the satisfaction level of its work is increasing by12.19 % from83.13% for manually to the digitally at 83.13.
STRATEGY OF COMMUNITY RADIO JANGKAR KELUD IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NETWORK FRIENDSHIP COMMUNITY
Authors: Miftakhul Huda Anam
Published: May 2019

This study examines the importance of the existence of community radio in disaster-prone areas, specifically in the field of disaster information and disaster mitigation for the surrounding community, the existence of community radio is very important as a means of various information and the adhesive of brotherhood in society. Jangkar Kelud community radio is a mass media engaged in broadcasts in the Kelud Ring area, namely in Blitar Regency, Malang Regency and Kediri Regency.  This Radio was formed by a group of people in the Kelud Circle. The benefits of community radio are not when a disaster occurs, but the benefits of radio as a disaster mitigation media are very important continuously to convey awareness to the community. This type of research is descriptive qualitative, by adopting observations, interviews and documentation. The research methodw used is a qualitative method, because the method used is the result of interviews with informants as the primary data obtained from observations on the location of research on the data from the informant. The results of this study are, the strategy of building intimacy between the residents and the Jangkar Kelud community through the gathering, sinau together, social gathering, groups on Social media. Where the distribution is not seen by people at different levels, all have the same position and optimize the community within the Kelud Ring.
Photoactive nanoarchitectures based on clays incorporating TiO2and ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Ruiz-Hitzky Eduardo , Aranda Pilar , Akkari Marwa , Khaorapapong Nithima , Ogawa Makoto
Published: May 2019

Thought as raw materials clay minerals are often disregarded in the development of advanced materials. However, clays of natural and synthetic origin constitute excellent platforms for developing nanostructured functional materials for numerous applications. They can be easily assembled to diverse types of nanoparticles provided with magnetic, electronic, photoactive or bioactive properties, allowing to overcome drawbacks of other types of substrates in the design of functional nanoarchitectures. Within this scope, clays can be of special relevance in the production of photoactive materials as they offer an advantageous way for the stabilization and immobilization of diverse metal-oxide nanoparticles. The controlled assembly under mild conditions of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles with clay minerals to give diverse clay–semiconductor nanoarchitectures are summarized and critically discussed in this review article. The possibility to use clay minerals as starting components showing different morphologies, such as layered, fibrous, or tubular morphologies, to immobilize these types of nanoparticles mainly plays a role in i) the control of their size and size distribution on the solid surface, ii) the mitigation or suppression of the nanoparticle aggregation, and iii) the hierarchical design for selectivity enhancements in the catalytic transformation and for improved overall reaction efficiency. This article tries also to present new steps towards more sophisticated but efficient and highly selective functional nanoarchitectures incorporating photosensitizer elements for tuning the semiconductor–clay photoactivity.
Alkylation of lithiated dimethyl tartrate acetonide with unactivated alkyl halides and application to an asymmetric synthesis of the 2,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane core of squalestatins/zaragozic acids
Authors: Sintim Herman O , Al Mamari Hamad H , Almohseni Hasanain A A , Fegheh-Hassanpour Younes , Hodgson David M
Published: May 2019

(R,R)-Dimethyl tartrate acetonide 7 in THF/HMPA undergoes deprotonation with LDA and reaction at −78 °C during 12–72 h with a range of alkyl halides, including non-activated substrates, to give single diastereomers (at the acetonide) of monoalkylated tartrates 17, 24, 33a–f, 38a,b, 41 of R,R-configuration, i.e., a stereoretentive process (13–78% yields). Separable trans-dialkylated tartrates 34a–f can be co-produced in small amounts (9–14%) under these conditions, and likely arise from the achiral dienolate 36 of tartrate 7. Enolate oxidation and acetonide removal from γ-silyloxyalkyl iodide-derived alkylated tartrates 17 and 24 give ketones 21 and 26 and then Bamford–Stevens-derived diazoesters 23 and 27, respectively. Only triethylsilyl-protected diazoester 27 proved viable to deliver a diazoketone 28. The latter underwent stereoselective carbonyl ylide formation–cycloaddition with methyl glyoxylate and acid-catalysed rearrangement of the resulting cycloadduct 29, to give the 3,4,5-tricarboxylate-2,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane core 31 of squalestatins/zaragozic acids. Furthermore, monoalkylated tartrates 33a,d,f, and 38a on reaction with NaOMe in MeOH at reflux favour (≈75:25) the cis-diester epimers epi-33a,d,f and epi-38a (54–67% isolated yields), possessing the R,S-configuration found in several monoalkylated tartaric acid motif-containing natural products.
BIOHYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM WASTES OF PLANT AND ANIMAL ORIGIN VIA DARK FERMENTATION
Authors: Cieciura-Włoch Weronika , Borowski Sebastian
Published: May 2019

This study investigated the batch experiments on biohydrogen production from wastes of plant and animal origin. Several substrates including sugar beet pulp (SBP), sugar beet leaves (SBL), sugar beet stillage (SBS), rye stillage (RS), maize silage (MS), fruit and vegetable waste (FVW), kitchen waste (KW) and slaughterhouse waste (SHW) including intestinal wastes, meat tissue, post flotation sludge were tested for their suitability for hydrogen production. Generally, the substrates of plant origin were found to be appropriate for dark fermentation, and the highest hydrogen yield of 280 dm3 H2/kg VS was obtained from fruit and vegetable waste. Contrary to these findings, slaughterhouse waste as well as kitchen waste turned out to be unsuitable for hydrogen production although their methane potential was high. It was also concluded that the combined thermal pretreatment with substrate acidification was needed to achieve high hydrogen yields from wastes.
High-resolution Spectroscopic Analysis of a Large Sample of Li-rich Giants Found By LAMOST
Authors: Zhou Yutao , Yan Hongliang , Shi Jianrong , Blanco-Cuaresma S. , Gao Qi , Pan K. , Xu Xiaodong , Zhang Junbo , Zhao Gang
Published: May 2019

The discovery of Li-rich giants has introduced a new challenge for standard stellar evolution models. To resolve this issue, the number of this type of object has been rapidly increased through the development of worldwide surveys. Taking advantage of the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope survey, 44 new Li-rich giants are reported, which are confirmed with high-resolution observations. Based on the high-resolution and high signal-to-noise spectra, we derived the atmospheric parameters and elemental abundances with the spectral synthesis method. We performed a detailed analysis of their evolutionary stages, infrared excess, projected rotational velocity (

), and stellar population. We find that (1) the Li-rich giants concentrate at the evolutionary status of the red giant branch bump, red clump, and asymptotic giant branch; (2) three of them are fast rotators and none exhibit infrared excess. Our results imply that the origins of Li enrichment are most likely to be associated with the extra mixing in the stellar interior, and the external sources might only make a minor contribution. Moreover, various Li-rich episodes take place at different evolutionary stages.
Multiple Rings of Millimeter Dust Emission in the HD 15115 Debris Disk
Authors: MacGregor Meredith A. , Weinberger Alycia J. , Nesvold Erika R. , Hughes A. Meredith , Wilner D. J. , Currie Thayne , Debes John H. , Donaldson Jessica K. , Redfield Seth , Roberge Aki , Schneider Glenn
Published: May 2019

We present observations of the HD 15115 debris disk from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) at 1.3 mm that capture this intriguing system with the highest resolution (0.″6 or 29 au) at millimeter wavelengths to date. This new ALMA image shows evidence for two rings in the disk separated by a cleared gap. By fitting models directly to the observed visibilities within a Markov Chain Monte Carlo framework, we are able to characterize the millimeter continuum emission and place robust constraints on the disk structure and geometry. In the best-fit model of a power-law disk with a Gaussian gap, the disk inner and outer edges are at 43.9 ± 5.8 au (0.″89 ± 0.″12) and 92.2 ± 2.4 au (1.″88 ± 0.″49), respectively, with a gap located at 58.9 ± 4.5 au (1.″2 ± 0.″10) with a fractional depth of 0.88 ± 0.10 and a width of 13.8 ± 5.6 au (0.″28 ± 0.″11). Because we do not see any evidence at millimeter wavelengths for the dramatic east–west asymmetry seen in scattered light, we conclude that this feature most likely results from a mechanism that only affects small grains. Using dynamical modeling and our constraints on the gap properties, we are able to estimate a mass for the possible planet sculpting the gap to be 0.16 ± 0.06 M
Jup.
Hepatitis E Infection in Nigeria: A Systematic Review
Authors: Okagbue Hilary I. , Adamu Muminu O. , Bishop Sheila A. , Oguntunde Pelumi E. , Odetunmibi Oluwole A. , Opanuga Abiodun A.
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Research done globally on hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is far fewer compared with other types of hepatitis virus infection. Little is known on the prevalence of HEV in Nigeria.
AIM: The present study presents the prevalence of HEV infection in Nigeria from a few available research papers on HEV. The detailed statistical analysis was used to analyse the prevalence of HEV in humans and animals.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A literature search in Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed databases was done, and a final 7 articles were selected. Minitab 17.0 was used to perform the correlational and binary logistic analyses.
RESULTS: Serum and faecal analysis of blood and stool samples of 1178 humans and 210 pigs (animals) were done, and the presence of anti-HEV IgG or HEV RNA in the study samples were 127 and 138 respectively. Further analysis showed the prevalence of HEV are 10.8% and 65.7% in humans and animals, respectively. Weak positive non-significant association (r = 0.327, p-value = 0.474) was obtained between the target (humans and animal) and the HEV infection (positive) groups. The application of binary logistic regression yielded an equation that can be used to predict the target group from the HEV positive humans or animals. Generally, the logistic model was not statistically significant (p-value = 0.376), and the model was able to explain 9.3% of the deviation or variability of the model. The odds ratio is OR = 1.0344 with 0.9550, 1.204 95% Confidence Interval (CI). Thus, in Nigeria, the odds of prevalence of HEV in animals are 1.0344 higher than humans.
CONCLUSION: The risk factors obtained from the few available articles are consistent with the global epidemiology of HEV infection. Food and animal handlers and those that consume unsafe water are the key people at risk of HEV infection in Nigeria.
Dietary Fibre Protective against Colorectal Cancer Patients in Asia: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Masrul Masrul , Nindrea Ricvan Dana
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: The association between dietary fibre and colorectal cancer risk is controversial.
AIM: This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to determine the dietary fibre protective against colorectal cancer patients in Asia.
METHODS: The authors conducted a meta-analysis of published research articles on dietary fibre protective against colorectal cancer patients in Asia published between January 2000 and March 2019 in the online article databases of PubMed, ProQuest and EBSCO. Pooled odds ratios (OR) were calculated with fixed and random-effect models. Publication bias was visually evaluated by using funnel plots and statistically assessed through Egger’s and Begg’s tests. Data were processed using Review Manager 5.3 (RevMan 5.3) and Stata version 14.2 (Stata Corporation).
RESULTS: This study reviewed 405 articles. There are 10 studies conducted a systematic review and continued with Meta-analysis of relevant data with several sample 49,964 patients. The results showed dietary fibre protective against colorectal cancer patients in Asia (OR = 0.66 [95% CI 0.56-0.77, p=0.008]). There was significant publication bias for studies included in dietary fibre protective against colorectal cancer patients in Asia.
CONCLUSION: This analysis confirmed dietary fibre protective against colorectal cancer patients in Asia.
Dermal Pleomorphic Sarcoma of the Scalp – Report of Two Cases
Authors: Wollina Uwe , Schönlebe Jacqueline , Bujok Violetta , Lotti Torello , Tchernev Georgi , Temelkova Ivanka , Vojvodic Aleksandra
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Neoplasias of the UV-exposed head-and-neck area of the elderly include non-melanoma skin cancers of various origin.
CASE REPORT: We report two cases of rapid growing exophytic scalp tumors on chronic sun-damaged skin, in one case with a tendency of bleeding. The tumours were removed by wide surgical excision with 3D margin control, and the resulting defect was covered by a meshed split skin graft. Histopathologic examination disclosed a dermal pleomorphic sarcoma in both cases. The staging was unremarkable in both patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Sarcomatous tumours of the scalp should be completely excised with a 3D margin control. Dermal pleomorphic sarcoma is a more aggressive variant compared to atypical fibroxanthoma despite some similarities.
Allele-Specific Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification for the Detection of IVSII-I G>A Mutation On β-Globin Gene
Authors: Gill Pooria , Amree Arash Hadian
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Thalassemia is one of the most common genetic health problems in the world. More than 200 different mutations have been identified in the beta-globin gene and among the 24 β-globin gene mutations in β-thalassemia carriers in the north of Iran IVSII-I G>A mutation has the highest frequency. Using fast, inexpensive, simple and reliable methods for the detection of the mutations in β-thal carriers is very important in prenatal diagnosis, and introduction of alternative methods to the existing ones can help to simplify the detection of mutations. Since its introduction, different methods derived from LAMP have been widely used for SNPs detection.
AIM: This study was aimed to design a new method for the detection of IVSII-I G>A mutation on β-globin gene based on AS - LAMP technique.
METHODS: Primer explorer V5 software was used for the design of LAMP primers. Three sets of primers were designed. In the first set, the BIP primers were exactly complementary to the normal and mutant alleles. In the second set, 1 nucleotide (T) was inserted at the 5’ end of BIP primers, and in the last set, one nucleotide at the 5’ end of BIP primer was changed. The other required primers for the LAMP reaction (FIP, B3, and F3) were the same for all 3 sets of primers. The LAMP reaction was applied on three DNA samples (Wild type, Heterozygote and Homozygote for IVSII-I G>A mutation) and synthetic DNA.
RESULTS: The results of the present study showed that LAMP reaction using three sets of primers could not successfully detect the IVSII-I G > A mutation among subjects DNA sample and synthetic DNA.
CONCLUSION: Although several studies have successfully used ARMS-LAMP method to detect the SNPs, and other studies use a variety of methods to identify IVSII-I G>A mutation, the present study was unable to differentiate between a normal allele and IVSII-I G>A mutation. Hence further studies are recommended to consider redesigning of primer set, DNA concentration and using commercial LAMP Master Mix to detect the mutation.
Physicians’ Perspective on Diabetes Mellitus Management within the Context of Personalized Medicine Era in Tabuk Governorate, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alharbi Asma Ali , Shaqran Tariq Mohamed , Eltobgy Ahmed Abu ELfoutoh , Albalawi Ahmad Raja , Alnawmasi Waad Saad
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Minimizing the number of therapy failures and decreasing the diabetic complications can be achieved by the application of personalising diabetes therapy, based on patient`s genetics, however, currently, personalised Medicine (PM) in diabetes mellitus management is not extensively applied.
AIM: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and willingness of physicians in practising of PM in diabetes management.
METHODS: A cross-sectional analytical study was implemented among 126 physicians from six different governmental hospitals and 12 primary care centres selected by the stratified random sampling technique in the Tabuk region of Saudi Arabia. A structured self-administered questionnaire was utilised for data collection. A simple scoring system (scale of 5 points) was utilised to assess knowledge and willingness. Likert scale was applied to evaluate the attitudes towards practising PM in DM management by the fixed choice response formats.
RESULTS: The majority of the participants (97.62%) claimed not receiving any PM and/or genomic medicine training. Most of them (82.54%) expressed unsatisfactory knowledge concerning personalised DM, whereas the medium level of attitudes was reported among 57.14% of them and a good level of willingness had been observed among 76.98% of the physicians.
CONCLUSION: Emphasizing on essential personalised DM management knowledge aspects should be given a considerable priority. Fortunately, positive attitudes and goodwill of physicians towards PM are encouraging and should be supported by policymakers.
Association of Inflammation Mediator in Mucosal and Tissue of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Recurrent Nasal Polyp
Authors: Huriyati Effy , Darwin Eryati , Yanwirasti Yanwirasti , Wahid Irza
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps (CRSwNP) have a high risk of recurrence and patients often experience repeated surgery. There are several types of inflammatory patterns in CRSwNP, such as Th2 inflammation (eosinophilic) and Th1/Th17 inflammation (neutrophilic).
AIM: This study aims to determine the expression of IL-5, IL-8, IL-17A and TGF-β in recurrent CRSwNP using the most convenient and non-invasive examination tool such as brushing the mucosal polyp and find out its correlation with polyp tissues.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional comparative study was carried out on 15 samples of mucosal brushing and polyp tissue. Expressions of IL-5, IL-8, IL-17A and TGF-β on mucosa were measured using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) examination and tissues using Immunohistochemical (IHC) examination.
RESULT: The result showed that Only IL-5 has a significant relationship between mucosa and tissue with moderate positive correlation (p < 0.05; r = 0.527).
CONCLUSION: This study concluded that mucosa brushing could be used as a simple and non-invasive examination to observe the expression of IL-5 in recurrent CRSwNP. IL-5 is one of the cytokines that mark the Th2 (eosinophilic) inflammatory pattern where eosinophilic polyps are closely related to recurrence.
Determination of the Product of DNA Oxidation in the Blood of Women Living in the Sub-Aral Area
Authors: Dzhangildinova Swetlana , Ivassenko Swetlana , Kelmyalene Assel , Yessilbayeva Bayan , Dyussenbekova Bayan , Kinayatov Margulan
Published: May 2019

To assess the impact of climatic and anthropogenic factors of the Aral Sea region on reproductive health, we examined 300 women living in the Kyzylorda region of Kazakhstan, which borders the Aral Sea region. The survey was based on comprehensive clinical-functional and laboratory studies accounting on regional environmental and ecological factors. The survey subject was the area of 2 settlements in Kyzylorda region. In both areas, it was revealed that the examined women of the age group 30-39 years old had increased values of oxidative stress indices comparison with Atasu village of Karaganda region
The Impact of Physical Exercise on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Level in Elderly Population
Authors: Kurdi Fauziah Nuraini , Flora Rostika
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Memory function disorder is a major health problem in geriatric patients. Physical exercise has the potency to decrease the incidence of many degenerative and chronic health problem, related to cognitive deterioration (dementia).
AIM: This research aimed to observe the effect of physical exercise in various doses and duration on memory function by analysing the role of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) as a regulatory protein affected by exercise.
METHODS: This was an analytical observational study with a cohort design. Thirty participants were included in each group, classified as exercise and non-exercise group. The exercise was in the form of jogging for at least fifteen minutes every day. The observation was done for sixty days. Cognitive function assessment was done by using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) questionnaire. Meanwhile, the BDNF level was assessed by ELISA. Statistical analysis was done using Independent T-test.
RESULTS: Exercise group showed better MMSE score (28.56 ± 1.76), and a higher concentration of BDNF (235.34 ± 12.56 pg/mL), both were statistically significant.
CONCLUSION: Physical exercise was able to maintain geriatric cognitive function performance by BDNF protein regulation.
Laryngotracheal Stenosis: A Retrospective Analysis of Their Aetiology, Diagnose and Treatment
Authors: Nikolovski Nikola , Kopacheva-Barsova Gabriela , Pejkovska Ana
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Laryngotracheal stenosis created as a result of a long-term consequence of prolonged endotracheal intubation is a state of narrowing of the airway, which, depending on the degree of narrowing, can be from an asymptomatic to a potentially life-threatening condition.
AIM: To understand the severity of postintubation laryngeal stenoses, their diagnosis, endoscopic evaluation, endoscopic and surgical treatment and their success in a multi-year period realised in the University Clinic for Ear, Nose and Throat in Skopje, Macedonia.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Through a proper history, physical examination, endoscopic and imaging evaluation of the ear, nose and throat in the Clinic, in the period of 8 years, that is, from 2010 to 2017, laryngotracheal stenosis was diagnosed in a total of 36 patients. During this period, 24 male or 66.7% were diagnosed, as were 12 female subjects or 33.3% of diagnosed patients. Of the analysed total of 36 patients, by Mayers cotton classification, 14 or 38% are patients with grade 1 stenosis, 5 or 13% are grade 2, and 10 or 27% are grade 3, while 7 or 19% are grade 4 stenosis
RESULTS: It is essential for all laryngotracheal stenoses to exist or to provide a breathing path that depends on the degree of stenosis. Further course of treatment also depends on the characteristics of the stenotic zone that is visualised endoscopically. At the Clinic for ear nose and throat in Skopje, endoscopic treatment was performed through a series of dilatations within 21 patients, or 58 % of the examinee, as well as the administration of mitomycin and corticoderates in 21 patients or 52% of the examinee. The applied actions and procedures had shown 100% outcome on stenoses not longer than 2 cm, who have a fibro-inflammatory scar and by Myer cotton classification 1 and second stadium. Patients that have failed endoscopic treatment, surgical treatment are a method of choice. Surgical treatments have been performed in 4 patients with realised end of the anastomosis, and 3 crycotracheal reconstructions, which is decannulated. After an extensive follow-up of these patients, depending on their condition, multiple endoscopic evaluations have been decannulated to 21 patients or 58%, and after a series of multiple unsuccessful endoscopic treatments, a condition with tracheal stoma occurs in 8 patients or 22% of the examinee.
CONCLUSION: The observations indicate that the methods used, which are explained previously, have good effects in terms of the achieved outcomes. Due to limited resources, it is necessary to improve new methods and approaches in the treatment of stenoses, depending on their type and severity, thereby improving patient outcomes. Also, to reduce laryngotracheal stenoses, appropriate tubes and low pressure of the caffeine in the endotracheal tubules should be used.
Immunohistochemical Expression of MMR Proteins with Clinicopathological Correlation in Colorectal Cancer in Egypt
Authors: Soliman Nahed A. , Morsi Deaa Fekri , Helmy Noha A. H.
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Microsatellite instability (MSI) is the genetic pathway underlying 15% of sporadic colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and hereditary non-polyposis CRC. MSI-H CRC has a distinct clinicopathological characteristic including excess mucin and signet ring component, proximal colon, Crohn’s like reaction, lymphocytic infiltration, and better survival.
AIM: This research aims to screen Egyptian CRC patients for MSI status by IHC testing of expression of the MMR proteins in correlation to its clinicopathological features.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Immunohistochemistry study for mismatch repair proteins (MMR) was done on 115 cases of CRC. Their expressions were assessed and correlated to clinicopathological parameters in an attempt to obtain the most significant predictors of MSI.
RESULTS: MSI (low and high) represents 67% of the study cases. The most frequent expression pattern was combined loss of MLH, and PMS2 (38% of MSI) followed by a combined loss of MSH2, and MSH6 (29% of MSI). There was significant correlation of expression pattern of MMR proteins with the laterality, lymphovascular emboli, perineural invasion, grade, T stage, N stage, signet ring component, tumor infiltrating lymphocyte, and peritumoral lesion (0.014, 0.035, 0.012, 0.033, 0.013, 0.000, 0.041, 0.012, and 0.009 respectively). Proximal location (right sided) and lower grade, higher nodal stage, and marked TIL were selected as predictors of MS-H CRC (0.005, 0.031, 0.025, and 0.000 respectively).
CONCLUSION: All clinicopathological and histological parameters should be assessed in CRC for the sake of predicting MSI. The optimal approach to MSI evaluation is (IHC) assessment of MMR proteins.
High-Risk Basal Cell Carcinomas of the Head and Neck: Selected Successful Surgical Approach in Three Bulgarian Patients!
Authors: Tchernev Georgi , Wollina Uwe , Temelkova Ivanka
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Regarding localisation, basal cell carcinomas are classified in three risk groups, designated as H for high-, M as medium-, and L as low-risk area. In patients with high-risk basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), as a first-line of treatment are mentioned, different types of surgical approaches and radiotherapy. Depending on the location of the tumour, the choice of surgical technique should vary and be consistent with the patient's will for a most aesthetically acceptable result.
CASE REPORT: Three cases of patients with BCCs defined as high-risk about two different indicators-localisation and relapse after radiation therapy are presented. For the recovery of the occurred defects, three different types of surgical approaches (primary closure/undermining surgical approach, island flap and advancement flap) were used, tailored to the high-risk factors in each patient, which at the same time provided a perfect clinical outcome.
CONCLUSIONS: High-risk BCCs are a challenge for every dermatosurgeon and require serious training and knowledge both in terms of anatomy and in terms of the possibilities for reconstruction of the defects that occurred. Operations usually run in three phases, namely: 1) removal of tumour tissue, 2) intraoperative plan for reconstruction according to the size of the defect and the condition of the surrounding tissues as well as phase 3) undermining of surrounding tissues and adaptation of the wound edges.
Alveolar Bone Osteoclast Profile in the Periodontitis Wistar Rats Model with the Snail Slime (Achatina Fulica) Application
Authors: Swastini I Gusti Agung Ayu Putu , Mahadewa Tjokorda Gde Bagus , Widyadharma I Putu Eka
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Bone damage is a result of periodontal disease that occurs due to changes in osteoclast and osteoblast activity in response to local inflammation. The bacteria Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans produces Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which can increase osteoclast activity.
AIM: This study aimed to analyse the decrease in alveolar bone osteoclasts in periodontitis rats' model with the application of snail slime.
METHODS: Wistar rats (27) with periodontitis divided into three groups, namely the control group (debridement), P1 group (debridement and application of oral snail slime) 300 Mg/Kg Body weight, P2 group (debridement, application of topical snail slime) 0.1 Mg. Osteoclast profile analysis was carried out by HE staining procedure to determine the histological feature of osteoclasts. The statistical significance was determined using the Shapiro-Wilk Test, One Way ANOVA, and Post Hoc test (p < 0.05).
RESULTS: Osteoclast profile in rats with periodontitis applied with snail slime significantly decreased the number of osteoclasts with both oral and topical administration, there were significant differences in the number of osteoclasts between groups (one way ANOVA, p < 0.05) and there were no significant differences between groups P1 and P2 (Post Hoc, p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: In this study, there was a decrease in the number of osteoclasts which were slipped by snail slime in Wistar rats with periodontitis; this indicates a periodontitis healing process.
Correlation of CD8+ Expression, Foxp3+ Expression, and CD8+/Foxp3+ Ratio with Triple Negative Breast Cancer Stage in Sanglah General Hospital
Authors: Sudarsa I Wayan , Subawa Dewa Gede , Adiputra Putu Anda Tusta , Manuaba Ida Bagus Tjakra Wibawa
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a breast cancer sub-type that lacks ER, PR and HER-2 expression. This type tends to be more aggressive than other types of breast cancer, with poor prognosis, distant metastases, higher recurrence rate, and lower overall survival. The TNBC is resistant to hormonal therapy, but generally very susceptible to chemotherapy. Expression of CD8+ and Foxp3+ were parts of the TIL, which often found in TNBC as an immune response to tumour antigens following antigens presenting cell (APC) stimulation.
AIM: This study was conducted to find out whether the expression of CD8+, Foxp3+ and CD8+/Foxp3+ ratio was associated with the stage of TNBC.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2014 until December 2016 at Sanglah Hospital with 46 research subjects. Two paraffin blocks were prepared for each sample to examine the CD8+ expression and Foxp3+ expression. Data were analysed using the Chi-Square test or Fisher's Exact tests as an alternative for bivariate analysis and logistic regression for multivariate analysis.
RESULTS: On bivariate analysis, we found a low of CD8+ expression in advanced stage (p < 0.001 with OR 3.5; CI 1.611-7.727). Expression Foxp3+ in advanced stage (p = 0.482; OR 0.8; CI 0.497-1.374), while the ratio of CD8+/Foxp3+ (p = 0.213; OR 2.2; CI 0.650-7.132). On multivariate analysis, a low of CD8+ expression (adjusted OR 16.5; CI 3.735-7.370; p < 0.001) was obtained.
CONCLUSION: Low expression of CD8+ was associated with the advanced stage of TNBC. The risk of becoming an advanced stage in TNBC patients with low CD8+ expression was 16.5 times higher than those with high of CD8+ expression. High expression of Foxp3+ was not associated with an advanced stage of TNBC. The low CD8+/Foxp3+ ratio was not associated with the advanced stage of TNBC.
Seizure Disorder Exacerbated by Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Case Report
Authors: Chowdhury Aneesa Rahman , Marcus Erin
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Hepatic encephalopathy is a serious complication of cirrhosis that presents with a variety of neuropsychiatric abnormalities, including disorientation, asterixis, and coma. Seizures are an uncommon and potentially dangerous complication of hepatic encephalopathy. We present a unique case of a 42-year-old female with a history of well-controlled seizure disorder suddenly become refractory to anticonvulsant therapy following the development of hepatic encephalopathy secondary to liver decompensation.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 42-year-old female presented to our hospital following a seizure accompanied by loss of consciousness, urinary incontinence, and the prolonged postictal state. She reports her seizures were initially well-controlled with Levetiracetam 500 mg twice a day but recently began experiencing seizures every other day despite up-titration of Levetiracetam to 1500 mg twice a day over a few weeks. On arrival, her serum ammonia level was 116 μmol/L. CT brain was negative while CT liver was consistent with cirrhotic morphology. An electroencephalogram revealed irregular, diffuse, delta/theta slowing consistent with mild to moderate encephalopathy. The patient was started on lactulose 40mg and Rifaximin 550 mg twice a day. Her symptoms of disorientation and lethargy resolved over 3 days.
CONCLUSION: Though uncommon, hepatic encephalopathy should be considered in patients presenting with convulsions, especially if there is a known history of liver disease. Until the underlying liver issues are addressed, patients may not respond to traditional anti-convulsant therapy for their seizures.
Species composition and elevational distribution of bumble bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus Latreille) in the East Himalaya, Arunachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Streinzer Martin , Chakravorty Jharna , Neumayer Johann , Megu Karsing , Narah Jaya , Schmitt Thomas , Bharti Himender , Spaethe Johannes , Brockmann Axel
Published: May 2019

The East Himalaya is one of the world’s most biodiverse ecosystems. However, very little is known about the abundance and distribution of many plant and animal taxa in this region. Bumble bees are a group of cold-adapted and high elevation insects that fulfil an important ecological and economical function as pollinators of wild and agricultural flowering plants and crops. The Himalayan mountain range provides ample suitable habitats for bumble bees. Systematic study of Himalayan bumble bees began a few decades ago and the main focus has centred on the western region, while the eastern part of the mountain range has received little attention and only a few species have been verified. During a three-year survey, more than 700 bumble bee specimens of 21 species were collected in Arunachal Pradesh, the largest of the north-eastern states of India. The material included a range of species that were previously known from a limited number of collected specimens, which highlights the unique character of the East Himalayan ecosystem. Our results are an important first step towards a future assessment of species distribution, threat, and conservation. Clear elevation patterns of species diversity were observed, which raise important questions about the functional adaptations that allow bumble bees to thrive in this particularly moist region in the East Himalaya.
O movimento Hare Krishna: algo novo ou uma antiga “tradição”?
Authors: Carvalho Leon Adan Gutierrez de
Published: May 2019

O movimento Hare Krishna se tornou bastante popular no Ocidente, principalmente entre os anos 1960 e 1980 intrigando aqueles que esperavam por um campo religioso ocidental constituído somente pelas manifestações de cunho judaico-cristão. No entanto, em torno do tema, estudiosos e praticantes têm pensado sobre o que constituiria o movimento, deixando uma questão que parece não estar respondida claramente: seria o Hare Krishna um “novo” movimento religioso ou uma “antiga” tradição hindu? Para tentar responder a essa problemática, faremos uma análise da história da tradição precedente e às autorrepresentações do movimento Hare Krishna.
Cinderela do sertão: apropriações da imagem da Miss Brasil na imprensa interiorana em 1950
Authors: Azevedo da Fonseca André
Published: May 2019

A partir de uma investigação no campo da história cultural, o artigo analisa as representações construídas na imprensa local em torno da visita da Miss Brasil, Jussara Marquez, a uma cidade do interior mineiro, em 1950. Os métodos empregados foram a análise documental em fontes primárias e a narrativa histórica. Constatamos que a devoção dedicada pelos jornais à figura de Jussara estava ligada à necessidade de as elites locais obterem distinção social a partir da apropriação de sua imagem. Contudo, o papel que esperavam dela era de uma cinderela, e não de uma cidadã. Quando a Miss Brasil se desviou da função social que lhe havia sido designada, essas mesmas elites trataram de hostilizá-la e reconduzi-la ao papel que lhe cabia naquela ordem social.
NLRP6 Deficiency in CD4 T Cells Decreases T Cell Survival Associated with Increased Cell Death
Authors: Radulovic Katarina , Ayata C. Korcan , Mak'Anyengo Rachel , Lechner Kristina , Wuggenig Philipp , Kaya Berna , Hruz Petr , Gomez de Agüero Mercedes , Broz Petr , Weigmann Benno , Niess Jan Hendrik
Published: May 2019

The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors belong to the family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). NOD-like receptors play a role in regulation of innate immune response by recognition of both pathogen-associated molecular patterns that are engulfed during phagocytic process and danger-associated molecular patterns that are mainly byproducts of cell stress mediated response. NOD-like family pyrin domain containing 6 (NLRP6) is one of the 14 pyrin domain–containing receptors. NLRP6 is highly expressed by epithelial and goblet cells to regulate epithelial renewal and mucus production in mice and humans, but its function in T cells is rather unknown. Increased caspase-1 activation and cell death were observed in mouse Nlrp6–deficient T cells following adoptive transfer into Rag2-deficient mice, indicating that Nlrp6 deficiency in CD4+ T cells led to decreased survival.
Nicotine Attenuates Osteoarthritis Pain and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression via the α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor
Authors: Teng Peng , Liu Yuan , Dai Yan , Zhang Haijun , Liu Wen-Tao , Hu Jun
Published: May 2019

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that causes chronic disability among the elderly. Despite recent advances in symptomatic management of OA by pharmacological and surgical approaches, there remains a lack of optimal approaches to manage inflammation in the joints, which causes cartilage degradation and pain. In this study, we investigated the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of nicotine exposure in attenuating joint inflammation, cartilage degradation, and pain in a mouse model of OA. A mouse model of OA was induced by injection of monosodium iodoacetate into the knee joint. Cell culture models were also used to study the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of nicotine treatment in attenuating symptoms of OA. Nicotine treatment reduced mechanical allodynia, cartilage degradation, and the upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), a hallmark of joint inflammation in OA, in mice treated with monosodium iodoacetate. The effects of nicotine were abolished by the selective α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) blocker, methyllycaconitine . In RAW264.7 cells and murine primary bone marrow–derived macrophages, nicotine significantly inhibited MMP-9 production induced by LPS. In addition, nicotine significantly enhanced PI3K/Akt and inhibited NF-κB translocation from the cytosol to the nucleus in an α7-nAChR–dependent manner, suggesting that nicotine acts on α7-nAChRs to inhibit MMP-9 production by macrophages through modulation of the PI3K/Akt–NF-κB pathway. Our results provide novel evidence that nicotine can attenuate joint inflammation and pain in experimental OA via α7-nAChRs. α7-nAChR could thus serve as a highly promising target to manage joint inflammation and pain in OA.
Rhythmic abdominal pumping movements in praying Mantises (Insecta: Mantodea)
Authors: Prete Frederick R. , Schirmer Aaron E. , Patel Salim , Carrion Christina , Prete Greg M. , Van Alphen Bart , Svenson Gavin J.
Published: May 2019

We analyzed the rhythmic, cyclical dorsal-ventral abdominal pumping movements of nymphal and adult Hierodula patellifera (Audinet- Serville 1839), and adult Stagmomantis carolina (Johansson 1763), Tenodera sinensis (de Saussure 1871), Miomantis paykullii (Stål 1871), and Sphodromantis lineola (Burmeister 1838) using a combination of customized video analysis software and frame-by-frame video analyses. Despite the phylogenetic and ecological diversity of these species, we found fundamental similarities in the overall, intermittent patterns of their abdominal pumping movements. In adults of all species, intermittent bouts of abdominal pumping had median durations of 64-89 sec, and were separated by intervals with median durations of 10-25 sec. Bouts began with rhythmic upward abdominal deflections of progressively increasing amplitude and frequency which were superimposed on an overall, progressive abdominal elevation. Bouts ended with 1-4 very high amplitude, low frequency upward deflections after which the abdomen returned to its horizontal (resting) position. In H. patellifera, the overall adult pattern emerged gradually during larval development. Given the diversity of the species tested, our data suggest that intermittent abdominal pumping (which has been associated with respiratory behavior in insects) may be independent of ecological niche or acute environmental stressors in mantises. Instead, our data support the hypothesis that these apparently respiratory related, intermittent abdominal pumping movements are an emergent property of the mantis central nervous system organization.
Fauna ibérica. Vol. 44, Coleoptera: Hydraenidae
Authors: Sabatelli Simone , Trizzino Marco , De Biase Alessio , Audisio Paolo
Published: May 2019

Not available
Utilisation of fine needle aspiration cytology and biopsy in Sokoto, Nigeria: A five-year review
Authors: Abdullahi Kabir , Umar Mohammed , Sahabi Saddiku M.
Published: May 2019

The histopathology department of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital in Sokoto, Nigeria, conducted a total of 1435 fine needle aspiration biopsies from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2015, constituting 30% of cytology specimens received. The most common site for the procedure was the breast (655 cases, 45.6%), and 893 cases (63.3%) were neoplastic lesions. Even in resource-poor settings, this underutilised procedure is useful for patient management.
Scheffler’s autopsy of poverty in the biblical text: Critiquing land expropriation as an elitist project
Authors: Rugwiji Temba T.
Published: May 2019

The theme of poverty has recently dominated various scholarly platforms, including academic presentations and public debates. Nevertheless, it has emerged that the rhetoric about poverty reduction seems to be the project of the elite who apparently write and speak on behalf of the poor. The plight of the majority of the poor is problematised so that transformation is superficially democratised with the ultimate aim of benefitting the elite. The present study reflects on Eben Scheffler’s contributions on poverty and the poor in the Old Testament books of the Pentateuch, the Psalms and the Proverbs. Although this study refers to Scheffler’s other works on poverty from time to time, particular attention is paid to four of them, namely, (1) ‘The poor in the Psalms: A variety of views’; (2) ‘Of poverty prevention in the Pentateuch as a continuing contemporary challenge’; (3) ‘Poverty in the Book of Proverbs: Looking from above’; (4) ‘Pleading poverty (or identifying with the poor for selfish reasons): On the ideology of Psalm 109’. Scheffler points out that it was the ancient Israelite elite who played the role of writing and speaking on behalf of the poor. It is essential to note that Scheffler’s thrust is not an appropriation exercise, although in some places he makes reference to the ‘contemporary world’. Thus, the present study attempts to explore the land debate in our contemporary world, with a special focus on South Africa’s (SA) land expropriation without compensation (LEWIC) debate and the foiled fast-track land reform programme in Zimbabwe, as elitist projects. The Zimbabwean Fast-Track Land Reform Programme (FTLRP) was a prototype of LEWIC in SA. It is argued that the poor rural communities in Zimbabwe continue to languish in poverty in a country endowed with abundant natural resources, including land. The study argues that land allocation in Zimbabwe benefitted the elite.
The cup as metaphor and symbol: A cognitive linguistics perspective
Authors: Bosman Nerina
Published: May 2019

Although the Afrikaans word beker carries strong religious and other connotations, among them references to the Eucharist cup, the contribution of this article is to highlight, within a cognitive semantics framework, the role that cognitive mechanisms such as metaphor and metonymy played in the creation of this symbol. The article aims to illustrate the following: that the two signs of the Christian Eucharist, the bread and the wine, are grounded in conceptual metaphors of eating and drinking; that two conceptual drink metaphors are present when the symbol of the cup is analysed; that a related concept, that of metonymy, acts as a cognitive trigger, thus enabling the realisation of the symbol; and that other factors such as culture and religious symbolism played a significant role in the whole process. A corpus linguistics methodology is used to identify expressions containing the word beker. In analysing the expressions, Conceptual Metaphor Theory is used as a theoretical framework. It is found that conceptual metaphors such as nourishment is drinking and suffering is drinking underlie metaphoric expressions with beker. The metonymy container [the cup] for contained [the wine or blood] plays an important role in enabling the metaphors. In the images of the Eucharist cup and the broken bread, powerful metaphors arising from our bodily experience, denoting suffering and death on the one hand, and joy, nourishment and life on the other hand, are united to form the symbol.
Dwork families and $\mathcal D$-modules
Authors: Castaño Domínguez Alberto
Published: May 2019

A Dwork family is a one-parameter monomial deformation of a Fermat hypersurface. In this paper we compute algebraically the invariant part of its Gauss–Manin cohomology under the action of certain subgroup of automorphisms. To achieve that goal we use the algebraic theory of

\mathcal D

-modules, especially one-dimensional hypergeometric ones.