bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NOSTALGIA, JATI DIRI, DAN SIMBOL SAKRAL EMPAT PUISI PADI DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKOKRITIK
Authors: Dewi Novita
Published: May 2024

This qualitative-interpretative research aims to uncover the imagination and meaning of rice in four poems from Southeast and East Asian countries: Vietnam, Singapore, Indonesia, and Korea. Rice is an essential part of Asian culture. It has become a significant and spiritual symbol for the people in this region, serving as more than simply a basic meal. The study seeks to investigate whether the cultural and spiritual values of rice have resonance and dynamics with the current world concerns, such as the deterioration of social life and the devastation of the natural environment. The data in the form of words from the following poems, i.e., “The Poem I Can’t Yet Name” by Nguyễn Phan Quế Mai, Eileen Chong’s “Burning Rice”, “Padi yang Tak Berputik” by Ni Wayan Kristina, and “Spoonful of Rice” by Hi-Dong Chai are procured from both printed and internet sources. The analysis is carried out using techniques that are commonly employed in poetry analysis, i.e., reading, inferring, and interpreting. Insights from ecocritical perspectives are also taken into account in the analysis. The results showed that (1) Locality colored each poem in accordance with the different backgrounds of the poets; (2) Rice emerges as nostalgia, identity, and a symbol of sacred culture. Even if it may be diminished with time, modernity, and environmental damage, the varied imaginations and meaning-making of rice are still treasured here.Penelitian kualitatif-interpretatif ini bertujuan menguak imajinasi dan makna padi dalam puisi dari empat negara di Asia Tenggara dan Asia Timur, yakni Vietnam, Singapura, Indonesia, dan Korea. Padi menjadi bagian penting dalam kehidupan bangsa Asia. Lebih dari sekadar sumber makanan pokok, padi menjadi simbol yang hakiki dan suci bagi masyarakat di kawasan ini. Kajian ini hendak melihat apakah nilai-nilai kultural dan spiritual padi relevan dan berdinamika dengan tantangan global saat ini, antara lain rusaknya lingkungan alam dan merosotnya kehidupan sosial. Data penelitian yang dipakai adalah larik-larik puisi berikut yang diambil dari sumber cetak dan internet: “The Poem I Can’t Yet Name” [Puisi Tanpa Nama] karya Nguyễn Phan Quế Mai, “Burning Rice” [Nasi Gosong] oleh Eileen Chong, “Padi yang Tak Berputik” karya Ni Wayan Kristina, dan “Spoonful of Rice” [Sesendok Nasi] karya Hi-Dong Chai. Analisis data dilakukan melalui metode yang lazim dipakai dalam mengkaji puisi, yakni pembacaan, penafsiran, dan pemaknaan. Perspektif teori ekokritik juga dipakai dalam analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Lokalitas mewarnai setiap puisi sesuai dengan latar belakang masing-masing penyair; (2) Padi direpresentasikan dan dimaknai sebagai nostalgia, identitas, dan penanda kultural yang sakral. Beragam imaginasi dan pemaknaan tentang padi ini tetap dirawat meskipun mungkin melesap bersama waktu, modernitas, dan kerusakan lingkungan.
TOKOH PANAKAWAN SEBAGAI SARANA PEMBANGUN WACANA KRITIK SOSIAL PADA PERTUNJUKAN WAYANG KULIT DI MEDIA YOUTUBE
Authors: Prakoso Imam
Published: May 2024

The presence of panakawan in the shadow puppet show with its own dynamics. Now they are no longer limited as complementary instruments in the dramatic structure of wayang performances. Panakawan is now also interpreted as a reformer in wayang presentation, such as the use of characters who are naive, witty, and sometimes talk as they are. The identification of his figure which is interpreted as a small people also provides a new color for the development of wayang kulit performances. This study discusses the discourse of social criticism that is built from the language style of the panakawan figures. The style of language that is seen is from the use of figure of speech, the strategy of sentence structure, and the selection of diction. The results of this study indicate that there is social criticism that discusses problems in the realm of development, education, law, dirty political behavior of public officials, culture, and morals. The criticism is conveyed both explicitly and implicitly through the use of figure of speech, scrutinizing sentence structure, and choice of diction. All these criticisms were conveyed by panakawan who were represented as small people against other figures such as kings or gods who were represented as leaders or public officials.Kehadiran panakawan di dalam pertunjukan wayang kulit diwarnai dengan dinamikanya tersendiri. Kini mereka tidak lagi sebatas instrumen pelengkap di dalam struktur dramatik pertunjukan wayang. Panakawan kini juga dimaknai sebagai sosok pembaharu dalam sajian wayang, seperti pe-manfaatan karakter yang lugu, jenaka, dan terkadang berbicara apa adanya. Identifikasi terhadap sosoknya yang dimaknai sebagai rakyat kecil juga memberikan warna baru bagi perkembangan pertunjukan wayang kulit. Penelitian ini membahas tentang wacana kritik sosial yang dibangun dari gaya bahasa pada tokoh panakawan. Adapun gaya bahasa yang dilihat yaitu dari pemanfaatan majas, penyiasatan struktur kalimat, serta pemilihan diksi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kritik sosial yang membahas permasalahan dalam ranah pembangunan, pendidikan, hukum, perilaku politik kotor para pejabat publik, budaya, serta moral. Kritik tersebut disampaikan baik secara eksplisit maupun implisit melalui pemanfaatan majas, penyiasatan struktur kalimat, serta pilihan diksi. Seluruh kritik tersebut disampaikan oleh panakawan yang direpresentasikan sebagai rakyat kecil terhadap tokoh lain, seperti raja atau dewa yang direpresentasikan sebagai pe-mimpin atau pejabat publik.
VOKAL NASAL BAHASA ACEH DALAM KAMUS KEMARITIMAN ACEH-INDONESIA
Authors: Rusli Herman , Wildan NFN , Nuthihar Rahmad , Mukhlis NFN
Published: May 2024

This article discussed the distribution of nasal vowels in the Acehnese language in the Maritime Dictionary of Aceh-Indonesia. The nasal vowels included were /ã/, /ĩ/, /ũ/, /ɛ/̃, /ɔ̃/, /ʌ/̃, and /ɯ̃/. The data source for this research was the Aceh-Indonesia Dictionary, published by the Aceh Provincial Language Center, Ministry of Education and Culture Research and Technology, in 2021. This study employed a phonological approach with the theory of distinctive features. The research detailed the distribution of nasal vowels, including their frequency of occurrence and syllable positions. To achieve high accuracy in terms of nasal vowel occurrence frequency and syllable positions, the data was processed using the Antconc software. The research findings showed that maritime domain nasal vowels in the Acehnese language consisted of noun (n) and verb (v) word classes. There were eight nasal vowels in the noun class and two nasal vowels in the verb class. Among all nasal vowels in the Acehnese language, the vowels /ɛ/, /ɔ̃/, and /ɯ̃/ were not found in the Maritime Dictionary of Aceh-Indonesia. The research results also demonstrated that some nasal vowels were formed due to reduplication and onomatopoeia. In terms of syllable position, Acehnese nasal vowels were only found in the middle and at the end of syllables. Nasal vowels in the initial syllable position of the Acehnese language could not form words related to maritime matters. Consequently, it could be concluded that nasal vowels were not productive in the maritime vocabulary of the Acehnese la-nguage.Artikel ini membahas distribusi vokal nasal bahasa Aceh dalam Kamus Kemaritiman Aceh-Indonesia. Vokal nasal dimaksud meliputi /ã/, /ĩ/, /ũ/, /ɛ/̃, /ɔ̃/, /ʌ/̃, dan /ɯ̃/. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah Kamus Aceh-Indonesia yang diterbitkan oleh Balai Bahasa Provinsi Aceh, Kemdikbudristek, tahun 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan fonologi dengan teori fitur distingtif. Penelitian ini menjabarkan distribusi vokal nasal yang meliputi frekuensi kemunculan vokal nasal dan melihat posisi silabel. Untuk memperoleh hasil keakuratan yang tinggi terkait frekuensi kemunculan vokal nasal dan posisi silabel, data diolah dengan perangkat lunak Antconc. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa vokal nasal bidang kemaritiman dalam bahasa Aceh terdiri atas kelas kata nomina (n) dan verba (v). Terdapat delapan vokal nasal pada kelas nomina dan dua vokal nasal pada kelas verba. Dari semua vokal nasal dalam bahasa Aceh, vokal /ɛ/, /ɔ̃/, dan /ɯ̃/ tidak ditemukan dalam Kamus Kemaritiman Aceh-Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini juga memperlihatkan bahwa beberapa vokal nasal terbentuk akibat reduplikasi dan onomatope. Ditinjau dari posisi silabel, vokal nasal bahasa Aceh hanya berada di tengah silabel dan di akhir silabel. Vokal nasal pada posisi awal silabel bahasa Aceh tidak dapat membentuk kata yang berkaitan dengan kemaritiman. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa vokal nasal tidak produktif dalam perbendaharaan kosakata bahasa Aceh bidang maritim.
TIPOLOGI KLAUSA RELATIF BAHASA JAWA RAGAM KRAMA DIALEK SURAKARTA
Authors: Azizah Nurul
Published: May 2024

This study reveals the typology of relative clauses of the Javanese language variety of Surakarta dialect in terms of the theory of relative clauses of Keenan & Comrie (1977). This type of research is descriptive qualitative with three stages of research, namely data collection, data analysis, and presentation of the results of data analysis. Data collection was carried out using an introspective method based on the researcher's knowledge as a Javanese native speaker. Data analysis uses the distribution method. Presentation of data analysis using informal methods. The theory used is the theory of grammatical relations, namely the relative clause (Keenan & Comrie, 1977). The results of this research show that the Javanese krama (BJK) corresponds to the universality of the relative clauses of Keenan & Comrie (1977) which classifies Javanese as a relative subject language (SU). If in a language there is only one relative constituent, that constituent is the subject. This statement is also in accordance with BJK which can only relativize SU. As for relativization in a non-subject position, it is achieved passively. This study investigated the relativization of beneficial, locative, instrumental, and patient SU. Based on the study, the results show that each SU has implications for the presence/absence of dipun words and affixes –aken or –ake. Relation with actors I, II, III also has its own characteristics, especially in relation to the presence of the word dipun and affixes –aken or –ake.Penelitian ini mengungkap tipologi klausa relatif bahasa Jawa ragam krama dialek Surakarta ditinjau dari teori klausa relatif Keenan & Comrie (1977). Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan tiga tahap penelitian, yakni pengumpulan data, analisis data, dan penyajian hasil analisis data. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode introspektif berdasarkan pengetahuan peneliti sebagai penutur jati bahasa Jawa. Analisis data menggunakan metode distribusional atau disebut juga dengan metode agih. Penyajian hasil analisis data menggunakan metode informal. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori grammatical relations, yakni relative clause (Keenan & Comrie, 1977). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahasa Jawa krama (BJK) sesuai dengan keuniversalan klausa relatif Keenan & Comrie (1977) yang mengelompokkan bahasa Jawa sebagai bahasa perelatif subjek (SU). Jika dalam sebuah bahasa hanya terdapat satu konstituen yang direlatifkan, konstituen tersebut adalah subjek. Pernyataan itu sesuai juga dengan BJK yang hanya dapat merelatifkan SU. Adapun perelatifan pada posisi non-subjek ditempuh dengan pemasifan. Penelitian ini mengamati perelatifan SU benefaktif, lokatif, instrumental, dan pasien. Berdasarkan kajian, diperoleh hasil bahwa masing-masing SU berimplikasi pada hadir/tidaknya kata dipun dan afiks –aken atau –ake. Perelatifan dengan aktor I, II, III juga memiliki karakteristik tersendiri terutama dalam kaitannya dengan kehadiran kata dipun dan afiks –aken atau –ake.
PROFIL LITERASI DIGITAL BERBASIS ANALISIS SURVEI UNTUK PENGUATAN LITERASI SASTRA DI ABAD KE-21
Authors: Handayani Wulan , Sunendar Dadang , Damaianti Vismaia S.
Published: May 2024

This research aims to assess the level of digital literacy among teenagers aged 11 to 14 years old. The survey was conducted within a community with a total of 40 teenage respondents. The research method used was descriptive quantitative. The research instrument employed was a questionnaire prepared through a Google Form, supported by other data collection methods such as observation sheets and interviews. Data analysis techniques involved data coding, tabulation, scoring, and data analysis to draw conclusions. The research results indicate that 95% of the total respondents possess digital devices. 90% of teenagers have used electronic devices and can operate them. 75% of teenagers are aware of laws related to the protection of digital device usage, and 80% state that their digital devices are used for communication and entertainment purposes only. Therefore, it can be concluded that digital literacy among teenagers in the 21st century is quite high. However, efforts should be made to enhance literary literacy through digital platforms, providing valuable content alternatives for teenagers. This research is important in providing information about teenagers' proficiency with digital media. It is expected to serve as input for the development of models and digital literary literacy media as part of efforts to strengthen literacy in the 21st century. Transformasi penyelenggaraan pendidikan berkembang begitu cepat, sehingga pengintegrasian teknologi digital dan literasi, menjadi sebuah keniscayaan yang mendasar supaya dapat mengakomodasi tuntutan belajar dan dinamika perkembangan zaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memotret tingkat literasi digital pada remaja (usia 11--14 tahun). Survei dilaksanakan pada komunitas dengan responden berjumlah 40 remaja. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Instrument yang digunakan berupa angket yang disusun melalui media google form, dengan data penunjang lain berupa lembar observasi dan wawancara. Teknik analisis dilakukan dengan membuat kodifikasi data, tabulasi, membuat penskoran serta melakukan analisis data untuk menarik simpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 95% dari total 40 responden telah memiliki piranti media digital. Tercatat 90% remaja telah menggunakan gawai dan dapat mengoperasikannya. Sekitar 75% remaja sadar akan undang-undang perlindungan penggunaan perangkat media digital. Kemudian 80% menyatakan bahwa perangkat digital mereka, digunakan untuk komunikasi dan hiburan saja. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa literasi digital remaja di abad ke-21 sudah sangat baik. Namun, penguatan literasi sastra harus dikembangkan sebanyak mungkin melalui platform digital, guna penyediaan alternatif konten yang bermanfaat bagi para remaja.  Penelitian ini penting dilakukan, untuk memberikan informasi mengenai kecakapan remaja terhadap penggunaan media digital. Hal tersebut diharapkan menjadi masukan bagi pengembangan model maupun media literasi sastra digital sebagai upaya penguatan literasi di abad ke-21.
LEKSIKOSTATISTIK DAN GLOTOKRONOLOGI BAHASA BERAU DENGAN BAHASA MINANGKABAU
Authors: Mayangsari Dewi , Inderajati Aal
Published: May 2024

This study is a lexicostatistical and glottochronological study that aims to classify words by prioritizing time calculations or calculating the age of relatives’ languages. This research is focused on Berau and Minangkabau languages. The people who speak the Berau Language are people of the Berau tribe in Berau District, East Kalimantan. Meanwhile, the Minangkabau language is spoken by people in the Province of West Sumatra (except the Mentawai Islands), western Riau Province, and Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. The collection phase used the referential equivalent method, the data analysis stage used the lexicostatistical and glotochronological methods. Moreover, the results of data analysis used informal and formal methods. The theory used is sound correspondence, lexicostatistics, and glottochronology. The analysis shows some points such as 37 pairs of identical, 46 pairs of phonemic correspondences, 1 pair of different phonemes, and 44 pairs of similar forms. Lexicostatistical calculations show that the percentage of kinship between Berau and Minangkabau languages is 67%. Berau and Minangkabau languages were single languages in 1.053–787 years ago. Berau and Minangkabau languages have been separated from the proto-language between 970–1.236 BC (calculated from 2023).Kajian ini merupakan kajian leksikostatistik dan glotokronologi yang bertujuan mengelompokkan kosakata kerabat dengan menekankan perhitungan waktu pisah atau usia bahasa kerabat. Penelitian ini menitikberatkan pada bahasa Berau dengan bahasa Minangkabau. Bahasa Berau dituturkan oleh masyarakat yang ada di suku Berau, Kabupaten Berau, Kalimantan Timur. Adapun bahasa Minangkabau dituturkan oleh masyarakat di wilayah Provinsi Sumatera Barat (kecuali Kepulauan Mentawai), bagian barat Provinsi Riau, dan Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. Tahap pengumpulan menggunakan metode padan referensial, tahap analisis data menggunakan metode leksikostatistik dan glotokronologi. Adapun metode penyajian hasil analisis data menggunakan metode informal dan formal. Teori yang digunakan yaitu korespondensi bunyi, leksikostatistik, dan glotokronologi. Hasil analisis diperoleh 37 pasangan identik, 46 pasangan korespondensi fonemis, 1 pasang fonem berbeda, dan 44 pasangan bentuk mirip. Penghitungan leksikostatistik menunjukkan bahwa persentase kekerabatan bahasa Berau dan bahasa Minangkabau sebanyak 67%. Bahasa Berau dan bahasa Minangkabau merupakan bahasa tunggal pada 1.053–787 tahun yang lalu. Bahasa Berau dan bahasa Minangkabau mulai berpisah dari bahasa proto antara 970 SM–1.236 SM (dihitung dari tahun 2023).
PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK DAUN PEPAYA SEBAGAI INHIBITOR KOROSI PADA PLAT BAJA ST 37 DALAM MEDIA AIR LAUT
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Akbar Aditya , Bahri Syamsul , Muhammad Muhammad , Suryati Suryati , Azhari Azhari
Published: May 2024

Korosi ialah pengurangan kualiti logam akibat tindak balas elektrokimia dengan persekitarannya. Dalam pencegahannya, korosi bisa diatasi dengan penambahan zat penghambat korosi baik organik maupun anorganik ataupun bahan kimia. Inhibitor korosi adalah zat yang mampu menghambat laju korosi logam ketika ditambahkan ke dalam lingkungan tertentu. Salah satu contoh inhibitor korosi yang dapat digunakan untuk memperlambat laju korosi adalah ekstrak organik daun pepaya yang mengandung tanin. Zat ini mampu membentuk senyawa kompleks pada permukaan logam akibatnya dapat menurunkan laju korosi. Penelitian ini sudah pernah dilakukan sebelumnya, yang belum pernah dilakukan adalah pembuatan inhibitor korosi dengan variasi pH media korosif asam dan basa juga variasi konsentrasi inhibitor. Baja ST 37 merupakan baja dengan kekuatan tarik ≤ 37kg/mm2 dengan komposisi besi lebih dari 90% dan hanya mengandung 0,022%-0,30% karbon dan sering digunakan dalam konstruksi-konstruksi mesin yang saling bergesekan. Penelitian penggunaan ekstrak daun daun pepaya menjadi inhibitor korosi pada plat baja ST 37 dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode perendaman. Dimana air laut dengan variasi pH asam dan basa digunakan sebagai media korosif pada plat baja ST 37 dan menggunakan inhibitor ekstrak daun pepaya. Perendaman dilakukan selama 8 hari dengan variasi konsentrasi inhibitor 0, 200, 250 dan 300 ppm. Perhitungan laju korosi dilakukan dengan metode weight loss. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laju korosi dipengaruhi oleh pH air laut, dimana laju korosi lebih meningkat pada suasana asam namun penggunaan inhibitor tetap menunjukkan hasil signifikan dalam penurunan laju korosi baik pada perendaman air laut dengan suasana asam maupun basa seiring dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi inhibitor yang digunakan. Kecepatan korosi paling kecil didapatkan dengan perendaman air laut pada pH basa dengan konsentrasi inhibitor 300 ppm dengan laju korosi sebesar 1,41 mmpy dengan efisiensi tertinggi pada perendaman 300 ppm pada suasana asam sebesar 81%.
PEMANFAATAN AMPAS KOPI SARING SEBAGAI ARANG AKTIF DALAM MENYERAP LOGAM KHROMIUM VI (Cr6+)
Authors: Prasatia Ridha , Meriatna Meriatna , Masrullita Masrullita , Jalaluddin Jalaluddin , Ginting Zainuddin
Published: May 2024

Kromium VI (kromium heksavalen) adalah bentuk senyawa dari unsur yang dihasilkan oleh proses industri. Logam berat ini dianggap sebagai karsinogen manusia dan berhubungan dengan berbagai masalah kesehatan. Paparan kromium VI dapat terjadi melalui inhalasi, konsumsi, dan kontak kulit. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk memperoleh logam berat terlarut adalah adsorbsi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruhi waktu dan massa terhadap pemurnian logam Cr6+, serta mengetahui model isotherm yang digunakan. Penelitian ini sudah pernah dilakukan sebelumnya menggunakan adsorben dari kopi robusta dan menyerap logam Cr6+ dalam limbah cair batik, pada penelitian ini menggunakan ampas kopi saring dan larutan kalium dichromate. Adapun variabel yang divariasikan pada proses adsorbsi ini dengan massa 2,5; 3 dan 3,5 gram pada waktu 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 menit. ampas kopi saring dihaluskan terlebih dulu, kemudian dimasukkan kedalam furnace pada suhu 300°C selama 4 jam setelah itu diaktivasi dengan HCl. Larutan kalium dikhormate disiapkan kemudian dimasukkan adsorben yang telah diaktivasi sesuai dengan variasi massa yang telah ditentukan, aduk menggunakan stirrer dengan kecepatan 150 rpm sesuai dengan variasi waktu yang telah ditetapkan. Hasil terbaik dari penelitian diperoleh penurunan konsentrasi larutan kalium dikhromate 4,9386 ppm, kapasitas adsorpsi tertinggi sebesar 0,191548 mg/g, efisiensi adsorpsi sebesar 8,231%, hasil terbaik  didapatkan pada variable massa adsorben 3,5 gram, dan waktu adsorpsi 150 menit. Model isotherm yang digunakan adalah isotherm Freundlich dengan nilai R2 0,9943. Pengujian FTIR ampas kopi saring memiliki gugus fungsi dari mineral karbonat, alkana, gugus C-C, C-O, CºN, C-Br yang dapat berperan penting dalam proses adsorpsi.
Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Padat dari Kotoran Kambing dengan Bio Katalis Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Suryani Eni , Zulnazri Zulnazri , Dewi Rozanna , Meriatna Meriatna , Kurniawan Eddy
Published: May 2024

Limbah kotoran ternak bisa digunakan sebagai pupuk hal ini disebabkan mengandung unsur hara misalnya nitrogen (N), fosfor (P) dan kalium (K) yang penting bagi tanaman dan kesuburan tanah. Suatu kotoran hewani yang dipergunakan sebagai pupuk ialah kotoran kambing. Dalam penelitian ini dikaji pengaruh bioaktivator Bacillus subtilis terhadap kandungan nitrogen (N), phospor(P), kalium (K), rasio C/N dan kadar air pada pupuk yang telah dihasilkan. Penelitian ini sudah pernah dilakukan sebelumnya menggunakan Effective Microorganism (EM4) sebagai biaktivator dengan waktu 2-12 minggu. Pada penelitian ini digunakan Bacillus subtilis sebagai biaktivator dengan konsentrasi 50 ml pada waktu 7, 14 dan 21 hari pada proses pembuatan pupuk organik padat. Hasil analisa dibandingkan dengan SNI 7763:2018. Analisa pupuk kandang dilakukan pada hari ke 7, 14 dan 21. Hasil analisa pupuk dengan menggunakan bio katalis Bacillus subtilis lebih efisien dan membutuhkan waktu pengomposan yang singkat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Bacillus subtilis 50 ml dengan waktu 7 hari dimana kandungan Nitrogen 2.55%, Phospor 2.37%, Kalium 4.10%, Rasio C/N 15.43, dan kadar air 23.23%. Dengan diperolehnya hasil uji tersebut, maka pupuk kandang sudah sesuai SNI dan layak untuk digunakan pada tanaman.
Pemanfaatan Ampas Kopi Sebagai Bahan Filler Pembuatan Sabun Batang
Authors: Nadya Nova , Ibrahim Ishak , ZA Nasrul , Muhammad Syam Azhari , Jalaluddin Jalaluddin
Published: May 2024

Ampas kopi merupakan produk sampingan dari penggunaan minuman secara luas, namun juga merupakan sumber daya yang dapat didaur ulang. Pembuatan sabun adalah salah satu aplikasi yang menarik. Dengan tujuan mengembangkan barang ramah lingkungan dan berkualitas tinggi, penelitian ini menyelidiki kelayakan penggunaan ampas kopi sebagai bahan utama dalam produksi sabun. Agar proses pengolahan ampas kopi dapat menghasilkan sabun yang diinginkan, perlu dilakukan pengeringan, penggilingan, dan penambahan komponen tambahan yang tepat. Untuk mengetahui kandungan nutrisi yang dapat mempengaruhi karakteristik sabun, susunan kimiawi bubuk kopi dianalisis. Meskipun penelitian serupa telah dilakukan di masa lalu, waktu pencampuran satu, dua, dan tiga menit dengan massa ampas kopi yang bervariasi belum pernah diuji . Berdasarkan temuan, kisaran pH ideal adalah 8–11, kadar air sabun batangan menurun seiring dengan bertambahnya massa bubuk kopi, dan konsentrasi bebas alkali berkisar antara 0,060% hingga 0,85%. Menggunakan temuan ini pada kulit masih sepenuhnya aman. Temuan percobaan menunjukkan bahwa gilingan kopi dapat diubah menjadi bahan dasar sabun yang efektif membersihkan dan melembabkan. Penggunaan bahan kimia alami yang terurai di alam pada sabun semakin menunjukkan pelestarian lingkungannya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan ampas kopi untuk membuat sabun merupakan solusi yang saling menguntungkan: mengurangi sampah organik dan menghasilkan produk ramah lingkungan yang mungkin menjadi pesaing di pasar perawatan pribadi dan kosmetik.
ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PREVENTION, RISK FACTORS AND EARLY SIGNS OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (MI) AMONG ADULTS IN SELECTED RURAL COMMUNITY, WEST BENGAL
Authors: Dutta Babli , Kundu Mousumi , Sen Dipanwita
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The nonexperimental study was undertaken to assess the knowledge regarding prevention, risk factors and early signs of Myocardial Infarction (MI) in selected rural community, West Bengal.Objectives: To determine the knowledge regarding prevention, risk factors and early signs of Myocardial Infarction (MI) among adults.To identify the association between knowledge regarding prevention, risk factors and early signs of Myocardial infarction (MI) among adults with selected demographical variables.Methods: A descriptive study was conducted to assess the knowledge regarding prevention, risk factors and early signs of Myocardial Infarction (MI) among adults in selected rural community, West Bengal. Total 180 participant were selected through non probability convenience sampling technique is used. In the study Conceptual framework based on Rosenstoch’s Health Belief Model. Data was collected from adult of rural community in Dhania Khali by valid and reliable structure interview schedule to assess the knowledge regarding prevention, risk factors and early signs of MI.Result: The findings revealed that most 46.11% adults belonged to the age group of 51-60 years 86.67% adults were Hindu that 83.33% adults had history of MI in the family 52.78% adults passed secondary examination 67.78% adults had no history of addiction. 56.11% adults of rural community had average knowledge, there was a statistically significant association between knowledge score and ageχ2 at (df1) = 3.841, p>0.05, educational status χ2 at (df1) = 3.841, p>0.001 and religion χ2 at (df1) = 3.841, p>0.001, and type of family χ2 at (df1) = 3.841, p>0.001, and income χ2at (df1) = 3.841, p>0.001, and addiction χ2 at (df1) = 3.841, p>0.05. The study finding could implicated in the field of nursing practice, education, administration, and research. Recommendation was need for future research.Conclusion: It in concluded that knowledge of the community people can be increased through awareness programme. Recommendations were a large sample of adults in different settings for making broad generalization.
The Effect of Using Context-Based Learning Videos on Fluid Materials on Students Critical Thinking Ability
Authors: Yulaisa Gusni , Desnita Desnita
Published: May 2024

Starting from the learning media used in schools not being able to prepare students to think critically, using context-based learning videos is one solution to improve students' critical thinking abilities. This research aims to see the effect of context-based learning videos on fluid material on the essential thinking abilities of class XI students at SMA Negeri 5 Solok Selatan. This study uses a quasi-experiment with a posttest-only control design. The research population was all class XI IPA students at SMAN 5 Solok Selatan registered in the 2022/2023 academic year. Purposive sampling was chosen as a sampling technique, so classes XI IPA 1 and XI IPA 2 were taken as research samples. The instrument used to obtain critical thinking ability data was a written test using 8-item essay questions. Normality, homogeneity, and t-tests were used in the data analysis. The measurement results show that experimental class students (80,38) have higher critical thinking skills than the control class (70,56). Statistical analysis with the t-test shows that that tcount > ttable (3,41 > 2.006) means the working hypothesis is accepted. So, it can be concluded that using context-based learning videos on fluid material affects students' critical thinking abilities.
Implementation of Integrated Problem-Based Learning Model With Ethno Cemistry Sasambo to Improve Chemistry Literation
Authors: Mutiah Mutiah , Andayani Yayuk , Siahaan Jackson , Supriadi Supriadi , Haris Mukhtar
Published: May 2024

This research aims to increase the chemistry literation of students through the Integrated Problem Based Learning Model with Ethno Chemistry Sasambo in Analytical Chemistry lecture. The subject of this research is all 86 students who are taking the Chemistry Analytical lecture. Meanwhile, the object is chemistry literation in several aspects such as content, context, competition, and attitude and the response of students toward conducting an Integrated Problem-Based Learning model with local culture in the salt production process. The research methodology used in this research is action class research in three cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, observation, and evaluation-reflection. Results of this work gained are: (1) Increase in students' chemistry literation from mid to high category that can be seen as cycle 1 is 62.8 as enough category, cycle 2 is 70.7 as enough category, and cycle three is 76.7 as high category. (2) Students' response shows that 95% of them stated that they are very interested and wanted more and vary integrated of local culture.
Educação inclusiva e o transtorno do espectro autismo
Authors:   , Rodrigues Ariele dos Santos Bortolozo
Published: May 2024

O Transtorno do Espectro Autista é um transtorno do neurodesenvolvimento que acarreta
inúmeras crianças em idade escolar. A inclusão das crianças autistas no ensino regular traz, ainda hoje,
muitas preocupações à escola, assim como aos pais e professores. Esse artigo tem como objetivo demostrar
os desafios enfrentados para fazer a inclusão dos autistas na Educação do Ensino Regular, na qual aborda
a breve história do Transtorno do Espectro Autista, suas características, a Legislação 12.764 de 2012 e o
âmbito que engloba de forma resumida os desafios que possui, tendo como base a Escola Municipal Mauro
Fascincani. O estudo foi realizado através de revisão teórica de artigos tem como os principais teóricos
Mello, Rodrigues, Suplinos, Bereohff. Também estão inseridos nesse artigo a contribuição da intervenção
pedagógica e os métodos utilizados no Brasil para aprendizagem do autista. Realizou-se ainda entrevistas,
com profissionais da educação que falam sobre os obstáculos encontrados em desenvolver trabalhos
pedagógicos e duas mães de crianças autistas que relatam as dificuldades encontradas ao matricular seus
filhos na escola regular. Espera-se que esse artigo contribua para o conhecimento acadêmico, profissional,
familiar e social, no que se refere aos avanços e possibilidades de melhorias em relação ao atendimento e
tratamento das crianças com autismo no ambiente escolar.
Expresión Dramática como Estrategia Didáctica para la Promoción de las Efemérides
Authors: Castillo Zambrano Neida del Carmen
Published: May 2024

En el ámbito escolar, la expresión dramática posee gran relevancia en todos los niveles, enfatizando el uso del cuerpo para expresar deseos y conocimientos adquiridos. Este artículo se desprende de una investigación realizada en el Centro de Educación Inicial Bolivariano “Las Delicias”, sector La Caramuca, parroquia Manuel Palacio Fajardo, Municipio Barinas, Venezuela, con el objetivo de analizar la expresión dramática como estrategia didáctica para la promoción de las efemérides. Se ubicó en un enfoque cuantitativo, enmarcado en una investigación de campo descriptiva. La población y muestra se conformó por ocho docentes. Se empleó la observación y encuesta mediante un cuestionario, validado por juicio de expertos y confiabilidad por Alpha de Cronbach. Se concluye que, con la aplicación de la expresión dramática como estrategia didáctica, el niño de educación inicial adquiere nuevos conocimientos y desarrolla sus potencialidades de forma placentera, al tiempo que facilita el desarrollo creativo de las efemérides.
Enhancement of random forest algorithm applied in fake news detection
Authors: Mary Justine R. Felicilda  , Aries James B. Geriane  , Vivien A. Agustin  , Mark Christopher R. Blanco  , Jonathan C. Morano  , Leisyl M. Mahusay  , Jamillah S. Guialil
Published: May 2024

The widespread increase of fake news presents a serious obstacle in today's information-sharing situation, making it more difficult to distinguish fact from fabricated information. The study aims to improve machine learning algorithms' capacity to identify fake news to address this significant issue. To improve detection accuracy, Researchers applied a method that combines the Random Forest algorithm with Adaptive Boosting, or AdaBoost. By utilizing ensemble learning techniques, our method successfully leverages the collective intelligence of numerous decision trees, outperforming traditional approaches. By carefully experimenting with hyperparameters using the Random Search, The proposed method improved the algorithm's capacity to identify significant patterns suggestive of false information. The integration of AdaBoost to Random Forest produces a significant improvement, from 92.56% to 99.79% accuracy average difference, with an accuracy gain of 7% over the baseline Random Forest model. This improvement emphasizes how effective ensemble methods are at negotiating the complexities in terms of fake news detection. This study adds to the ongoing efforts to protect the integrity of information in the digital era by showcasing the efficacy of sophisticated machine-learning approaches in addressing the complex problem of fake news. The study underscores the critical importance of continuous innovation and adaptability in combating the increase of misinformation. Through interdisciplinary collaboration and technological advancements, the aim is to fortify defenses against the detrimental spread of false information, fostering an information ecosystem that prioritizes truth and resilience.
Fermenting Buckwheat Seeds (Fagopyrum esculentum) with Aspergillus and subsequent amylase treatments enhance phenolic content and antioxidant activities
Authors: Phonesavanh Phouthaxay  , Insavai Sitthivohane
Published: May 2024

This research focused on investigating the effects of fermenting processed buckwheat with different Aspergillus species and subsequent treatment with α-amylase, β-amylase, and Glucoamylase. The study found that fermenting with Aspergillus Oryzae 82-3, followed by β-amylase treatment, significantly impacted saccharification within 2 hours, leading to increased total polyphenol content, rutin, and quercetin levels. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) results showed that Asp-82-3 with β-amylase had the highest rutin and quercetin levels. The saccharified buckwheat also exhibits elevated total protein and total carbohydrate content. DPPH analysis revealed enhanced antioxidant activity in treated samples. In vitro assays demonstrated that buckwheat saccharification with amylase after Aspergillus fermentation resulted in potent production, with Asp-82-3 and β-amylase showing the highest Nitric Oxide (NO) production. The study concludes that combining Aspergillus species and amylase for buckwheat saccharification enhances its antioxidant capacity and functional value, making it valuable in the functional food industry.
The effect of inflation, interest rates, working capital turnover, receivables turnover on share prices of property and real estate sub-sector companies listed on the IDX
Authors: Khofifah Nur Batubara  , Noni Ardian
Published: May 2024

This study aims to investigate the Effects of Inflation, Interest Rates, Working Capital Turnover, and Receivables Turnover on Share Prices in Property and Real Estate subsector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018-2022 period. The background of this research arises from the need for further understanding of the economic and financial factors that may affect stock prices in the property and real estate sectors. This study uses a quantitative approach with a population of all property and real estate subsector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, totaling 85 companies. The research sample was taken by purposive sampling method, and the number of samples set was 10 companies. Data was collected from the annual financial statements of these companies during the study period. The data analysis method used is a regression test with a t test to see the influence of variables partially, an F test to see the influence simultaneously, and a coefficient of determination (R2) test to find out how much variation in Stock Prices can be explained by independent variables. The results showed that Inflation, Interest Rates, and Working Capital Turnover had a significant influence on Stock Price, while Receivables Turnover did not have a significant influence. Simultaneously, these four variables have a significant influence on the Share Price of Property and Real Estate subsector companies.
Externalization of the drain of the ventriculo-peritoneal shunt through the mouth
Authors: Hajar Dardar  , Zineb Oudrhiri  , Othmane Alaoui  , Abdelhalim Mahmoudi  , Khalid Khattala  , Youssef Bouabdallah
Published: May 2024

This abstract outlines the case of a 1-year-old patient with spina bifida and congenital hydrocephalus who developed a rare complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion: externalization of the drain through the mouth. Surgical intervention successfully addressed the perforation of the duodenal loop, with subsequent management including drainage for ascites and conversion to a ventriculo-atrial shunt. Postoperative follow-up revealed stable neurological status at 24 months.
Und es gibt sie doch …
Authors: Gast Ursula
Published: May 2024

Die dissoziative Identitätsstörung wird als schwere Bindungsstörung und Traumafolgestörung angesehen und gilt hinsichtlich der Diagnosestellung und Behandlung als anspruchsvoll. Im Beitrag geht es um die Kontextualisierung der gegenwärtigen Debatte über diese Erkrankung. Dabei werden zunächst die aktuellen, polarisierenden medialen und wissenschaftlichen Angriffe skizziert und als mögliche Backlash-Bewegung auf die erschütternden Befunde der Aufarbeitungskommission zu Fragen des sexuellen Missbrauchs eingeordnet. In diesem Zusammenhang wird auch das Spannungsfeld zwischen Traumatherapie einerseits und Rechtspsychologie andererseits beschrieben sowie die schwierige Frage zur Validität von Erinnerungen im Kontext dissoziativer Erkrankungen. Anschließend wird das Störungsbild der dissoziativen Identitätsstörung vorgestellt, einschließlich der klinischen Symptome und der Möglichkeit ihrer evidenzbasierten Behandlung. Es folgt die Rezeptionsgeschichte der Erkrankung, wobei eine charakteristische Traumadynamik herausgearbeitet wird. Diese der Störung inhärenten Dynamik ist dabei auch systemisch und gesellschaftlich wirksam, begünstigt kollektive Abwehrprozesse und führt zu Fehlvorstellungen und Mythenbildung über die Erkrankung. Schließlich wird gezeigt, wie diese Dynamik immer wieder auf verschiedenen Ebenen reflektiert werden muss, um Polarisierungsund Abwehrprozessen entgegenzuwirken und um stimmige Angebote für und mit Betroffenen zu entwickeln.
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH DI SMA N 2 NANGA TAYAP KABUPATEN KETAPANG KALIMANTAN BARAT: LANGKAH AWAL MENUJU PENDIRIAN LABORATORIUM SEJARAH
Authors: Syaifulloh Muhammad , Fitriana Desy
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebutuhan pembelajaran sejarah di SMA dan bagaimana pendirian laboratorium sejarah dapat memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan siswa, guru sejarah, dan kepala sekolah, observasi partisipan di laboratorium sejarah, dan analisis dokumen kurikulum sejarah dan bahan ajar sejarah.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa SMA memiliki kebutuhan yang beragam dalam pembelajaran sejarah, seperti kebutuhan akan metode pembelajaran yang lebih interaktif, akses ke sumber belajar yang lebih beragam, dan kesempatan untuk mempraktikkan pengetahuan sejarah. Pendirian laboratorium sejarah dapat memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut dengan menyediakan ruang belajar yang interaktif, dilengkapi dengan berbagai sumber belajar, dan memungkinkan siswa untuk melakukan eksperimen dan simulasi sejarah.
PERAN HISTORIOGRAFI TRADISIONAL ISLAM DALAM MEREKONSTRUKSI SEJARAH ISLAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Bagaskara Faishal Sultan
Published: May 2024

Artikel ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan untuk mengetahui peran Historiografi Tradisional Islam dalam merekonstruksi sejarah Islam di Indonesia. Pembahasan utama dalam artikel ini antara lain menelusuri karakteristik dan menganalisis sistematika penulisan dengan mengelaborasi sejarah perkembangan, meliputi awal kemunculannya, jenis aksara serta tema penulisan yang melekat dalam historiografi tradisional Islam yang mana kajian terhadapnya tidak bisa dilepaskan dari disiplin ilmu filologi. Pembahasan lainnya adalah menelusuri perannya yang berfungsi sebagai rujukan primer bagi para peneliti sejarah lokal dan internasional dalam merekonstruksi sejarah Islam di Indonesia hingga menghasilkan beberapa karya yang monumental dalam ruang lingkup nasional ataupun internasional. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan historiografi.
Optimizing the performance of optical microcomb based microwave photonic transversal spectral filters
Authors: Moss David
Published: May 2024

We present a detailed analysis for the performance of microcomb-based microwave photonic transversal filters to optimize the performance of these filters. We analyze the distortions in the filter spectral response resulting from theoretical limitations and experimental error sources.
Infants follow the gaze of same-age peers, young children, and adults
Authors: Eiteljoerge Sarah F V , Matzerath Alina , Gweon Hyowon , Mani Nivedita
Published: May 2024

Gaze following – infants’ orienting towards an object attended to by their social partner – has been linked to a range of socio-cognitive skills. Despite considerable research on when infants follow the gaze of their social partners, studies have typically examined infants’ following of adults’ gaze. Therefore, little is known about whether or how gaze following is modulated by the characteristics of the model, such as their age. The current study examined infants’ following of the gaze of an actor that varied in age: an adult, a young child, and an infant. In an eyetracking study, 49 infants (age: 6 to 14 months) were presented with videos in which the actor (either an adult, a child or an infant) first looked down towards a neutral point on the table, then to the participant with a friendly facial expression, and then to one of two novel objects to the left and right of the table. Participants followed the gaze of the actor regardless of age, suggesting that gaze following is not constrained to interactions with an adult. Furthermore, participants showed high interest in the actors’ faces which was the strongest for the infant actor followed by the child actor, and the adult actor. Tthese results shed insight into the interaction between infants’ gaze following behaviour and their attentional preferences for different social partners. We discuss the implications of these findings for theories of development: Beyond adults, other infants and children are also perceived as interesting social partners and, potentially, valuable sources of information.
An Evaluation of the Reasoning Effectiveness of ChatGPT to Scrutinize and Quash Untrue Social Media Memes
Authors: Dzierzanowski Richard , Watson Taylor , Stevenson Conrad
Published: May 2024

Evaluating the effectiveness of ChatGPT in scrutinizing and debunking misinformation embedded within social media memes reveals significant potential for AI-driven fact-checking tools. Thirty memes from Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok were analyzed, showcasing the model's strengths and limitations in handling diverse content types. High accuracy and reasoning capabilities were observed, particularly with clear textual claims, while challenges remained with visually-oriented and contextually sparse content. The study underscores the necessity for platform-specific optimizations and multimodal approaches to enhance performance. Implications for social media fact-checking and AI development are discussed, alongside the study's limitations and suggestions for future research. By assisting human fact-checkers, AI models like ChatGPT can enhance the reliability of information disseminated online, contributing to a more informed and discerning public.
Reactogenicity of Primary Vaccination with Hexavalent Vaccines in Infants: Mathematical Projections in Four Southeast Asian Countries
Authors: Mohy Ahmed , Permatasari Deliana , Wijoyo Johan , Kwanthitinan Chanida , Bakhtiar Handar Subhandi , Fonseka Thanabalan , George Marina
Published: May 2024

Hexavalent vaccines against diphtheria (D), tetanus (T), pertussis (P), hepatitis B (HBV), polio (IPV) and Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib) are established in the immunization of infants in many countries. A meta-analysis of results from six head-to-head clinical trials comparing two hexavalent vaccines reported that the rate of three local (redness, pain and swelling at the injection site) and five systemic (fever, drowsiness, persistent crying, irritability and anorexia) adverse reactions was lower for the DT3aP-HBV-IPV/Hib vaccine than for the DT2aP-HBV-IPV-Hib vaccine. The objective of this analysis was to compare the impact of adverse reactions after a single dose of the primary series of DT3aP-HBV-IPV/Hib vaccine versus DT2aP-HBV-IPV-Hib vaccine in the infant populations of four countries in Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand). A previously published mathematical projection tool was combined with published data to estimate the number of adverse reactions potentially avoided in 2023 by using DT3aP-HBV-IPV/Hib vaccine compared with DT2aP-HBV-IPV-Hib vaccine. The results indicated that for every 100 infants vaccinated, using DT3aP-HBV-IPV/Hib instead of DT2aP-HBV-IPV-Hib would be expected to avoid adverse reactions, ranging from 3 events of swelling at the injection site to 10 events of fever. In 2023, over 280,000 solicited local and systemic adverse reactions of any grade could have been avoided in Indonesia, over 200,000 in Malaysia, over 80,000 in Thailand and over 158,000 in the Philippines. These results could be useful to healthcare decision-makers considering immunization strategies in Southeast Asia.
Werkboek Inhoudsanalyse
Authors: van Miltenburg Emiel
Published: May 2024

This book provides a hands-on introduction to Quantitative Content Analysis, in the field of Communication Science. It was written to accompany a course in the bachelor's program for Communication and Information Sciences at Tilburg University. The book is written in Dutch. (Second draft)