bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERFECT: Personalized Exercise Recommendation Framework and architECTure
Authors: Asgari Mehrabadi Milad , Khatibi Elahe , Jimah Tamara , Labbaf Sina , Borg Holly , Narvaez Laura , Pimentel Pamela , Turner Arlene , Dutt Nikil , Guo Yuqing , Rahmani Amir M.
Published: October 2024

Background
: The health benefits of regular physical activity (PA) are well-established and widely acknowledged. Through the integration of wearable trackers, the Internet of Things (IoT)—a network of interconnected devices capable of collecting and exchanging data—coupled with mobile health (mHealth), which refers to the use of mobile devices to support medical and public health practices, it is now feasible to systematically gather and present individual exercise behaviors. This advanced approach enables the precise correlation of users’ physiological data and daily activities with their specific fitness needs, offering a personalized pathway to improving health outcomes.

Objective
: This study aims to enhance PA levels among individuals by developing a personalized exercise recommendation system. Utilizing reinforcement learning, the system proposes tailored exercise plans based on biomarkers and the user’s specific context.

Methods
: In this study, we developed applications for smartphones and smartwatches designed to gather, monitor, and recommend exercise routines through the application of a contextual multi-arm bandit algorithm. To evaluate the efficacy of this mHealth exercise regimen, we enlisted the participation of twenty female college students.

Results
: The outcomes of our investigation revealed a significant enhancement in the average daily duration of exercise (P

\({\lt}\)

. 001). Participants expressed high levels of satisfaction with both the walking program and the recommendation system, achieving average ratings of 4.31 (SD

\(=\)

0.60) and 3.69 (SD

\(=\)

0.95), respectively, on a 5-point scale. Furthermore, the average scores for participants’ confidence in safely performing the recommended walking exercises, as well as their perception of the study’s effectiveness in meeting their PA needs, were both above 4, indicating a positive reception and confidence in the program’s design and implementation.

Conclusions
: The evolution of the IoT and wearable technology has marked the beginning of a new era for mHealth systems, particularly in the personalization of health interventions. Such advancements enable the precise personalization of PA recommendations, potentially enhancing user engagement and performance outcomes. This paper introduces a novel exercise recommendation system that utilizes reinforcement learning to personalize walking exercises based on the user’s biomarkers and context, aiming to improve the user’s aerobic capacity significantly.
Who Owns AI’s Output?
Authors: Kugler Logan
Published: October 2024

Copyright and patent protections around generative AI are chaotic and changing rapidly.
Frequency-domain patterns in foot-force line-of-action: an emergent property of standing balance control
Authors: Sugimoto-Dimitrova Rika , Shiozawa Kaymie , Gruben Kreg G. , Hogan Neville
Published: October 2024

The present work details a closed-form analytical result that reveals a direct link between frequency-domain patterns in the foot-force line-of-action and the closed-loop frequency response function of human upright stance. The analytical method developed herein dramatically simplifies the identification of the intersection-point-height measure of standing balance, and further demonstrates that the net behavior of the foot-ground interaction force quantifies essential characteristics of the underlying neuromotor control of human quiet standing.
Rare Case of a Combined Cholecystocolonic and Cholecystoduodenal Fistula Presenting With Pneumobilia
Authors: Bohanon Fredrick J. , Mao Rui-Min D. , Williams Taylor P. , Bourgeois Danny P. , Field Samuel B. , Radhakrishnan Ravi S. , Sanfiel Francisco J.
Published: October 2024

Background: Cholecystoenteric fistulae are rare complications of gallstone disease, with a reported incidence of 0.5% to 0.9% of cholecystectomies. Cholecystoduodenal is the most common fistula followed by cholecystocolonic fistulae.

Summary: We report a case of pneumobilia resulting from a combined cholecystoduodenal and cholecystocolonic fistulae treated with a laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy and open repair of the enteric fistulae.

Conclusion: Combined cholecystoduodenal and cholecystocolonic fistulae are an extremely rare complication of gallstone disease, and meticulous preoperative planning and operative dexterity are needed to safely manage these unusual fistulae.
Natural Ventilation: Optimizing Window Opening Size for CO2 Concentration Control and Thermal Comfort on Nonwindward Facades
Authors: Hsu Hsieh-Chih , Chang Chin-Wei , Chen Chien-Chih , Pan Chen-Yu
Published: October 2024

Natural ventilation has become a focal point due to its positive impact on indoor air quality, expanding its role in addressing thermal comfort issues in schools. Despite previous studies exploring various approaches to enhance natural ventilation, factors such as classrooms facing non‐windward directions and optimal window opening sizes have not been adequately considered. This lack of consideration poses challenges for implementation in school environments. To address this issue, this study employed response surface methodology, back‐propagation neural network, and multiple linear regression to investigate the effects of different factors on natural ventilation. Experiments were conducted in classrooms facing nonwindward directions, measuring indoor air changes per hour (ACH) during peak noon temperatures. Thermal comfort was assessed using the predicted mean vote (PMV). The experimental results showed that single window openings provided better thermal comfort compared to cross window openings while maintaining indoor CO2 concentrations below 1000 ppm. Furthermore, subsequent analysis revealed that the opening size (open and open/gap) increases the range of ACH, suggesting avenues for future research to enhance natural ventilation practices. This underscores natural ventilation’s potential in maintaining indoor thermal comfort and CO2 levels under challenging conditions.
Evaluation of Crude Oil Extracts from Plants for Controlling Maize Infestations Caused by the Weevil Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Kifle Fikadu , Girma Melaku , Gebresilassie Araya , Woldehawariat Yitbarek , Ele Estifanos
Published: October 2024

Plant extracts have emerged as promising options for the controlling maize weevil due to their bio‐insecticidal potential and reduced environmental impact in developing countries. The experiments were carried out to assess the effectiveness of crude plant oil from Eucalyptus globulus, neem (Azadirachta indica), marigold (Tagetes minuta), moringa (Moringa stenopetala), Ayobangira (Ocimum basilicum), custard apple (Annona squamosa), and Chenopodium ambrosioides. These extracts were evaluated at concentrations of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 g per gram, diluted with 10 ml of deionized water, and applied to 50 grams of maize against Sitophilus zeamais. The insects were reared in a plastic jar with one liter of capacity. For comparison, Actellic 2% dust at a dose of 0.05 g/50 gram maize was utilized as a standard check, with untreated seeds serving as the control. The experiment followed a completely randomized design with triple replications. Adult S. zeamais mortality was approximately 83% for maize seeds treated with A. indica, T. minuta, A. squamosa, and E. globulus within 96 hours of treatment at a rate of 0.10 g and 0.15 g/50 g of maize. Plant crude oil treatments with A. indica and E. globulus at all tested rates at higher concentrations (0.10 g and 0.15 g per 50 g) inhibited S. zeamais F1 progeny production with approximately 97.2 ± 0.03%. The proportion of maize grain infection by S. zeamais was dramatically reduced after treating the plant with crude oil. Furthermore, the oil treatment for these plants had no effect on seed germination percentage. Overall, the findings suggest that these plant crude oil extracts can be utilized to control S. zeamais.
A Mathematical Model for the Within‐Host Dynamics of Malaria Parasite with Adaptive Immune Responses
Authors: Ahmed Jemal Muhammed , Tilahun Getachew Tashome , Degefa Shambel Tadesse
Published: October 2024

Mathematical analysis of epidemics is crucial for long‐term disease prediction and helps to guide decision‐makers in terms of public health policy. In this study, we develop a within‐host mathematical model of the malaria parasite dynamics with the effect of an adaptive immune response. The model includes six compartments, namely, the uninfected red blood cells, infected red blood cells, merozoites, gametocytes, cytotoxic T cells immune response, and antibodies immune response, which are activated in the host to attack the parasite. We establish the well‐posedness and biological feasibility of the model in terms of proving the non‐negativity and boundedness of solutions. The most important threshold value in the epidemiological model known as the basic reproduction number, , which is used to determine the stability of the steady state, is investigated. Furthermore, the parasite‐free equilibrium is locally and globally stable if the basic reproduction number, , otherwise, if , then there exist four parasite‐persistence equilibria. The stability conditions of these parasite‐persistence equilibria are presented. Sensitivity analysis of the basic reproduction number shows that parameters representing the recruitment rate of uninfected red blood cells, infection rate of red blood cells by merozoites, and the average number of merozoites per ruptured infected red blood cells are the most influential ones in affecting the dynamics. Finally, several numerical simulations of the model are presented to supplement the theoretical and analytical findings. It has been observed that numerical simulations and theoretical results are coherent. The response of cytotoxic T cells and antibodies has a significant impact on suppressing infected cells and malaria parasites in the host’s body.
The Antioxidant Activities of Noni Complex Beverage and Its Potential Antialcoholic Effect in Mice
Authors: Wang Dan , Jiang Qian , Hu Xuan , Li Yan , Wang Kai , Chen Xiaolu , Zhao Jianping , Fan Zuowang , Yu Fulai
Published: October 2024

Alcoholic beverages are widely consumed around the world. However, excessive alcohol consumption is harmful to human health, which can cause a series of health problems. Herbals with antioxidant activity as antialcoholic agents have a long history in Asia. In this study, we made a Noni complex beverage (NCB) using Noni and nine other plant materials, which has a potential antialcoholic effect. The total flavonoid content (TFC) and total phenolic content (TPC) were analyzed, and then the antioxidant activities in vitro and antialcoholic effects in vivo were assessed. The results showed that NCB contains TFC of 0.543 ± 0.001 mg/mL and TPC of 1.685 ± 0.029 mg/mL, with significant antioxidant activity in vitro. Furthermore, NCB also showed a good antialcoholic effect in mice. Whether before or after alcohol intake, the consumption of NCB could significantly extend the drunken latency time, shorten the sobriety time, and decrease the blood alcohol concentration compared with the model group. Analysis of the antialcoholic mechanism demonstrated that NCB can remarkably increase the activity of superoxide dismutase, improve glutathione level, and reduce malondialdehyde content, thereby combating oxidative stress caused by alcohol, maintaining the stability of the intracellular antioxidant defense system, and alleviating liver damage; In addition, NCB can upregulate the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase and accelerate alcohol metabolism, thus decreasing the blood alcohol concentration, shortening the sobriety time, and lowering the risk of liver damage caused by alcohol. Taken together, NCB has the potential to be developed as an important natural antialcoholic functional beverage.
Prospective Environmental Evaluation of Green Hydrogen Generation in the Colombian Northern Region Using Wind Energy and System Dynamics
Authors: Perlaza-Muriel Jeison Fernando , Rivas-Cifuentes María Camila , Martínez Escobar Nathaly , Osorio-Gómez Juan Carlos
Published: October 2024

With the signing of the Paris Agreement, which aims to limit global warming to 1.5°C by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting climate adaptation, Colombia has demonstrated its commitment to the environment. This aligns with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 7 and 13, which promote the use of sustainable energy and the reduction of CO2 emissions. Colombia’s decarbonization strategy, defined in the 2021 hydrogen roadmap, outlines how to implement low‐emission hydrogen production to reduce GHG emissions by 2030. Considering Colombia’s wind potential, an analysis of hydrogen production in the Department of La Guajira using this renewable energy was conducted. System dynamics was used to represent the hydrogen production infrastructure from wind energy with a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzer, considering the current and projected capacity of the wind farm. The results obtained from this simulation show a reduction in CO2 emissions compared to the baseline scenario. Five scenarios were explored to analyze the simulation results. The data revealed that from 2022 to 2050, CO2 emissions (kg) were reduced by between 5550 and 10,170. Additionally, the potential for hydrogen generation in the northern region of the country is highlighted, along with recommendations for decision‐making related to production capacity.
Inflammation and Immunity in Liver Neoplasms: Implications for Future Therapeutic Strategies
Authors: Kim Jieun , Seki Ekihiro
Published: October 2024

Over the past two decades, the “hallmarks of cancer” have revolutionized cancer research and highlighted the crucial roles of inflammation and immunity. Protumorigenic inflammation promotes cancer development along with inhibition of antitumor immunity, shaping the tumor microenvironment (TME) toward a tumor-permissive state and further enhancing the malignant potential of cancer cells. This immunosuppressive TME allows tumors to evade immunosurveillance. Thus, understanding the complex interplay between tumors and the immune system within the TME has become pivotal, especially with the advent of immunotherapy. Although immunotherapy has achieved notable success in many malignancies, primary liver cancer, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma, presents unique challenges. The hepatic immunosuppressive environment poses obstacles to the effectiveness of immunotherapy, along with high mortality rates and limited treatment options for patients with liver cancer. In this review, we discuss current understanding of the complex immune-mediated mechanisms underlying liver neoplasms, focusing on hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastases. We describe the molecular and cellular heterogeneity within the TME, highlighting how this presents unique challenges and opportunities for immunotherapy in liver cancers. By unraveling the immune landscape of liver neoplasms, this review aims to contribute to the development of more effective therapeutic interventions, ultimately improving clinical outcomes for patients with liver cancer.
Supplementary Tables from Iron-(Fe3+)-Dependent Reactivation of Telomerase Drives Colorectal Cancers
Authors: Shanmugam Raghuvaran , Majee Prativa , Shi Wei , Ozturk Mert B. , Vaiyapuri Thamil S. , Idzham Khaireen , Raju Anandhkumar , Shin Seung H. , Fidan Kerem , Low Joo-Leng , Chua Joelle Y.H. , Kong Yap C. , Qi Ong Y. , Tan Emile , Chok Aik Y. , Seow-En Isaac , Wee Ian , Macalinao Dominique C. , Chong Dawn Q. , Chang Hong Y. , Lee Fiona , Leow Wei Q. , Murata-Hori Maki , Xiaoqian Zhang , Shumei Chia , Tan Chris S.H. , Dasgupta Ramanuj , Tan Iain B. , Tergaonkar Vinay
Published: October 2024

Supplementary Table S1: List of all the candidates from ITDRF-MS along with their function other than Pirin (second column shows the UniProt ID (protein accession number), third column shows gene ID, fourth column shows full protein name, and fifth column shows the molecular function of that protein. Supplementary Table S2: Table with details of CRC patients enlisted for studying the correlation between Iron-(Fe3+), Pirin, and Telomerase. Supplementary Table S3: Sequences of all the primers used in the study.
Supplementary Figure S8 from Iron-(Fe3+)-Dependent Reactivation of Telomerase Drives Colorectal Cancers
Authors: Shanmugam Raghuvaran , Majee Prativa , Shi Wei , Ozturk Mert B. , Vaiyapuri Thamil S. , Idzham Khaireen , Raju Anandhkumar , Shin Seung H. , Fidan Kerem , Low Joo-Leng , Chua Joelle Y.H. , Kong Yap C. , Qi Ong Y. , Tan Emile , Chok Aik Y. , Seow-En Isaac , Wee Ian , Macalinao Dominique C. , Chong Dawn Q. , Chang Hong Y. , Lee Fiona , Leow Wei Q. , Murata-Hori Maki , Xiaoqian Zhang , Shumei Chia , Tan Chris S.H. , Dasgupta Ramanuj , Tan Iain B. , Tergaonkar Vinay
Published: October 2024

Role of Iron-(Fe3+) and Pirin in CRC
Supplementary Methods from The History of Chromosomal Instability in Genome-Doubled Tumors
Authors: Baker Toby M. , Lai Siqi , Lynch Andrew R. , Lesluyes Tom , Yan Haixi , Ogilvie Huw A. , Verfaillie Annelien , Dentro Stefan , Bowes Amy L. , Pillay Nischalan , Flanagan Adrienne M. , Swanton Charles , Spellman Paul T. , Tarabichi Maxime , Van Loo Peter
Published: October 2024

Supplementary methods, including full description of the GRITIC method
Supplementary Figure S4 from Iron-(Fe3+)-Dependent Reactivation of Telomerase Drives Colorectal Cancers
Authors: Shanmugam Raghuvaran , Majee Prativa , Shi Wei , Ozturk Mert B. , Vaiyapuri Thamil S. , Idzham Khaireen , Raju Anandhkumar , Shin Seung H. , Fidan Kerem , Low Joo-Leng , Chua Joelle Y.H. , Kong Yap C. , Qi Ong Y. , Tan Emile , Chok Aik Y. , Seow-En Isaac , Wee Ian , Macalinao Dominique C. , Chong Dawn Q. , Chang Hong Y. , Lee Fiona , Leow Wei Q. , Murata-Hori Maki , Xiaoqian Zhang , Shumei Chia , Tan Chris S.H. , Dasgupta Ramanuj , Tan Iain B. , Tergaonkar Vinay
Published: October 2024

Iron-(Fe3+) bound to Pirin positively regulates hTERT
Supplementary Video 2 from CD28 Costimulation Augments CAR Signaling in NK Cells via the LCK/CD3ζ/ZAP70 Signaling Axis
Authors: Acharya Sunil , Basar Rafet , Daher May , Rafei Hind , Li Ping , Uprety Nadima , Ensley Emily , Shanley Mayra , Kumar Bijender , Banerjee Pinaki P. , Melo Garcia Luciana , Lin Paul , Mohanty Vakul , Kim Kun H. , Jiang Xianli , Pan Yuchen , Li Ye , Liu Bin , Nunez Cortes Ana K. , Zhang Chenyu , Fathi Mohsen , Rezvan Ali , Montalvo Melisa J. , Cha Sophia L. , Reyes-Silva Francia , Shrestha Rejeena , Guo Xingliang , Kundu Kiran , Biederstädt Alexander , Muniz-Feliciano Luis , Deyter Gary M. , Kaplan Mecit , Jiang Xin R. , Liu Enli , Jain Antrix , Roszik Janos , Fowlkes Natalie W. , Solis Soto Luisa M. , Raso Maria G. , Khoury Joseph D. , Lin Pei , Vega Francisco , Varadarajan Navin , Chen Ken , Marin David , Shpall Elizabeth J. , Rezvani Katayoun
Published: October 2024

CAR27-28ζ NK cell serial killing against Raji cells.
Supplementary Figure S12 from Iron-(Fe3+)-Dependent Reactivation of Telomerase Drives Colorectal Cancers
Authors: Shanmugam Raghuvaran , Majee Prativa , Shi Wei , Ozturk Mert B. , Vaiyapuri Thamil S. , Idzham Khaireen , Raju Anandhkumar , Shin Seung H. , Fidan Kerem , Low Joo-Leng , Chua Joelle Y.H. , Kong Yap C. , Qi Ong Y. , Tan Emile , Chok Aik Y. , Seow-En Isaac , Wee Ian , Macalinao Dominique C. , Chong Dawn Q. , Chang Hong Y. , Lee Fiona , Leow Wei Q. , Murata-Hori Maki , Xiaoqian Zhang , Shumei Chia , Tan Chris S.H. , Dasgupta Ramanuj , Tan Iain B. , Tergaonkar Vinay
Published: October 2024

Regulation of Sp1 and FBXW7 levels by Pirin and SP2509
Supplementary Table S1 from CD28 Costimulation Augments CAR Signaling in NK Cells via the LCK/CD3ζ/ZAP70 Signaling Axis
Authors: Acharya Sunil , Basar Rafet , Daher May , Rafei Hind , Li Ping , Uprety Nadima , Ensley Emily , Shanley Mayra , Kumar Bijender , Banerjee Pinaki P. , Melo Garcia Luciana , Lin Paul , Mohanty Vakul , Kim Kun H. , Jiang Xianli , Pan Yuchen , Li Ye , Liu Bin , Nunez Cortes Ana K. , Zhang Chenyu , Fathi Mohsen , Rezvan Ali , Montalvo Melisa J. , Cha Sophia L. , Reyes-Silva Francia , Shrestha Rejeena , Guo Xingliang , Kundu Kiran , Biederstädt Alexander , Muniz-Feliciano Luis , Deyter Gary M. , Kaplan Mecit , Jiang Xin R. , Liu Enli , Jain Antrix , Roszik Janos , Fowlkes Natalie W. , Solis Soto Luisa M. , Raso Maria G. , Khoury Joseph D. , Lin Pei , Vega Francisco , Varadarajan Navin , Chen Ken , Marin David , Shpall Elizabeth J. , Rezvani Katayoun
Published: October 2024

(Related to Fig.6F) The list of differentially abundance proteins between CAR27-ζ vs. CAR27-28ζ.
Supplementary Figure S6 from CD28 Costimulation Augments CAR Signaling in NK Cells via the LCK/CD3ζ/ZAP70 Signaling Axis
Authors: Acharya Sunil , Basar Rafet , Daher May , Rafei Hind , Li Ping , Uprety Nadima , Ensley Emily , Shanley Mayra , Kumar Bijender , Banerjee Pinaki P. , Melo Garcia Luciana , Lin Paul , Mohanty Vakul , Kim Kun H. , Jiang Xianli , Pan Yuchen , Li Ye , Liu Bin , Nunez Cortes Ana K. , Zhang Chenyu , Fathi Mohsen , Rezvan Ali , Montalvo Melisa J. , Cha Sophia L. , Reyes-Silva Francia , Shrestha Rejeena , Guo Xingliang , Kundu Kiran , Biederstädt Alexander , Muniz-Feliciano Luis , Deyter Gary M. , Kaplan Mecit , Jiang Xin R. , Liu Enli , Jain Antrix , Roszik Janos , Fowlkes Natalie W. , Solis Soto Luisa M. , Raso Maria G. , Khoury Joseph D. , Lin Pei , Vega Francisco , Varadarajan Navin , Chen Ken , Marin David , Shpall Elizabeth J. , Rezvani Katayoun
Published: October 2024

CD28 co-stimulation enhances phosphorylation of the CAR CD3ζ signaling endodomain.
Figure S4 from FLT3/CD99 Bispecific Antibody–Based Nanoparticles for Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Ali Atham , Phan Alvin , Vaikari Vijaya , Park Mincheol , Pospiech Mateusz , Chu Ryan , Meng Yiting , MacKay J. Andrew , Alachkar Houda
Published: October 2024

Figure S4 – qPCR analysis results for CDC25A, E2F1, CDKN2B, CDC20, and MYC in MV4-11 cells treated with with FLT3-A192, CD99-A192 and Co-Assembled CD99-A192 and FLT3-A192.
Figure S1 from FLT3/CD99 Bispecific Antibody–Based Nanoparticles for Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Ali Atham , Phan Alvin , Vaikari Vijaya , Park Mincheol , Pospiech Mateusz , Chu Ryan , Meng Yiting , MacKay J. Andrew , Alachkar Houda
Published: October 2024

Figure S1 – Flow Panels of Annexin and PI staining of U937 Cells following treatment with FLT3-A192, CD99-A192 and Co-Assembled CD99-A192 and FLT3-A192.
Supplementary Fig. 2 from Tumor Vessel Normalization via PFKFB3 Inhibition Alleviates Hypoxia and Increases Tumor Necrosis in Rectal Cancer upon Radiotherapy
Authors: Edelmann Marcus , Fan Shuang , De Oliveira Tiago , Goldhardt Tina , Sartorius Dorothée , Midelashvili Teona , Conrads Karly , Paul Niels B. , Beißbarth Tim , Fleischer Johannes R. , Blume Moritz L. , Bohnenberger Hanibal , Josipovic Natasa , Papantonis Argyris , Linnebacher Michael , Dröge Leif H. , Ghadimi Michael , Rieken Stefan , Conradi Lena-Christin
Published: October 2024

Supplementary Fig. 2
Table 1 from Hypophosphatemia Correction Reduces ICANS Incidence and Duration in CAR T-cell Therapy: A Pooled Clinical Trial Analysis
Authors: Tang Jack Pengfei , Lafeuille Penelope , Socolov Alexandru , Diamond Sheila S. , Aptekar Jacob , Moore Theodore B. , Nie Esther H. , Hanudel Mark R. , Nowicki Theodore S.
Published: October 2024

Demographics, outcomes, and selected laboratory values of patients treated with anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy stratified by ICANS status
Figure S4 from Hypophosphatemia Correction Reduces ICANS Incidence and Duration in CAR T-cell Therapy: A Pooled Clinical Trial Analysis
Authors: Tang Jack Pengfei , Lafeuille Penelope , Socolov Alexandru , Diamond Sheila S. , Aptekar Jacob , Moore Theodore B. , Nie Esther H. , Hanudel Mark R. , Nowicki Theodore S.
Published: October 2024

Figure S4. Association of hypophosphatemia incidence by ICANS grade.
Figure 1 from Hypophosphatemia Correction Reduces ICANS Incidence and Duration in CAR T-cell Therapy: A Pooled Clinical Trial Analysis
Authors: Tang Jack Pengfei , Lafeuille Penelope , Socolov Alexandru , Diamond Sheila S. , Aptekar Jacob , Moore Theodore B. , Nie Esther H. , Hanudel Mark R. , Nowicki Theodore S.
Published: October 2024

Incidence of ICANS in patients stratified by the presence or absence of electrolyte derangements. Kaplan–Meier analyses comparing time to ICANS for patients stratified by the presence or absence of electrolyte derangements including (A) hypophosphatemia, (B) hypokalemia, (C) hypomagnesemia, and (D) hypocalcemia. Shaded area represents the upper and lower bounds of the 95% confidence interval (CI).
High TNF and NF-κB Pathway Dependency Are Associated with AZD5582 Sensitivity in OSCC via CASP8-Dependent Apoptosis
Authors: Chai Annie Wai Yeeng , Tan Yee Hua , Ooi Shiyin , Yee Pei San , Yee Shi Mun , Lightfoot Howard , Barthorpe Syd , Garnett Mathew J. , Cheong Sok Ching
Published: October 2024

Drug repurposing can accelerate the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is prevalent in Asians and is associated with poor prognosis. In this study, we integrate newly generated sensitivity data for 339 anticancer drugs with genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 gene essentiality data for 21 cell lines mostly derived from Asian patients with OSCC to identify drug repurposing candidates. We observe potent activity of AZD5582 (an antagonist of the inhibitor of apoptosis family of proteins) in a subset of OSCC cells, which was associated with dependency on NF-κB pathway genes (RNF31, MAP3K7, and IKBKG). We confirm the on-target specificity and potency of AZD5582 in vitro and its ability to suppress cell growth in xenograft models. Furthermore, we identify TNF as a key mediator of AZD5582 sensitivity in OSCC. Caspase-8–dependent apoptotic and Caspase-8–independent necroptotic cellular programs mediate AZD5582-induced cell death. In summary, through the systematic integration of pharmacologic and CRISPR data, we identified a subset of OSCC with potent sensitivity to AZD5582 mediated through the NF-κB and TNF signaling pathways.

Significance:

Mechanistically guided drug repurposing has been made possible by systematically integrating pharmacologic and CRISPR-Cas9 screen data. Our study discovers the biomarker and cell death mechanisms underpinning sensitivity toward AZD5582, an antagonist of the inhibitor of apoptosis family protein. Our findings have important implications for improving future trial design for patients with OSCC using this emerging drug class.
Uric Acid Levels and Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Hou Xiaowen , Cen Kaiwen , Zhu Yunfeng , Zhu Zhi , Zhang Zhiyu , Feng Xu
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The relationship between uric acid (UA) levels and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (CCVD) is controversial. A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted to explore the causal effects of UA levels on CCVD. Methods: Genetic variants strongly associated with UA levels were selected as instrumental variables from the Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) dataset. The GWAS data, sourced from the Global Urate Genetics Consortium (GUGC), comprised a sample size of 110,347 individuals. The selected CCVD outcomes included stroke, coronary artery disease (CAD), as well as atrial fibrillation and flutter. The primary analytical approach employed the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, supplemented by MR-Egger and weighted median as complementary methods. Sensitivity analysis was performed to test heterogeneity and pleiotropy. Results: The MR analysis results indicated a causal association between UA levels and stroke (odds ratio [OR]: 1.002; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.000–1.003; p = 0.036), CAD (OR: 1.118; 95% CI: 1.044–1.197; p = 0.001), as well as atrial fibrillation and flutter (OR: 1.141; 95% CI: 1.037–1.256; p = 0.007). The results of MR-Egger and weighted median methods confirmed the direction of the IVW results, enhancing the robustness of the findings. No significant anomalies were detected in the sensitivity analysis. Conclusion: The MR study suggests that UA levels exert causal effects on stroke, CAD, as well as atrial fibrillation and flutter.
Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic on Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Oppolzer Immanuel A. , Schnabel Marco J. , Hammer Selma , Zilles Hannah , Haas Maximilian , Goßler Christopher , Müller Maximilian R. , Burger Maximilian , Gierth Michael
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The aim of this study was to prove if the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic resulted in a delay in diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer (PC). Methods: A monocentric, retrospective analysis was conducted at a university cancer center. Included were all patients with untreated PC diagnosed between January 2019 and December 2021. The observation covered 22 months of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and 14 months preceding it. Results: Nine hundred sixty-nine men prior (T0) and 1,343 during the pandemic (T1) were included. Mean age was 68.0 (SD 8.2). Median initial prostate-specific antigen was 8.1 ng/mL (T0) and 7.9 ng/mL (T1, p = 0.288). Time from biopsy to tumor board (T0: 1.3 months vs. T1: 0.9 months, p = 0.001), to staging (T0: 1.1 months vs. T1: 0.75 months, p = 0.707), and to therapy (T0: 3.0 months vs. T1: 2.0 months, p < 0.001) was shortened during the pandemic. Classified by d’Amico, a significant shift toward higher risk groups was seen (p = 0.024). Local staging showed an insignificant increase in locally advanced PCs. Metastatic diseases decreased from 10.3% to 8.9% (p = 0.433). Pathological staging showed pT3+ in 44.4% versus 44.7% (p = 0.565) and pN+ in 9.9% versus 9.6% (p = 0.899). Conclusion: Regarding the diagnosis and treatment of PC, we could not demonstrate any delays due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
EVALUATION OF REMOTE WORKING IN THE CONTEXT OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY FOR EMPLOYEES IN THE COVİD-19 PERIOD
Authors: Arısoy Burcu
Published: October 2024

Due to the Covid-19 pandemic that emerged in 2019, the traditional full-time working model was replaced by alternative working models. The current standard working model -with the progress of Covid-19- was abandoned by companies, and various companies have preferred the remote working model. This article was conducted to reveal the effects of remote working on employees and to offer suggestions for employers. This research was designed as qualitative research. Data were collected by phone calls or Zoom meetings over a semi-structured interview with 20 people working in various sectors and experienced in remote working. The results showed the disadvantages of remote working, such as communication problems arising from the inability to communicate face-to-face and extended working hours. It is recommended that countries adapt their laws considering the effects of remote work, and companies can prefer the hybrid model instead of office work.
Valenced tactile information is evoked by neutral visual cues following emotional learning
Authors: Ehlers Mana R. , Kryklywy James H. , Beukers Andre O. , Moore Sarah R. , Forys Brandon J. , Anderson Adam K. , Todd Rebecca M.
Published: October 2024

Learning which stimuli in our environment co-occur with painful or pleasurable events is critical for survival. Previous research has established the basic neural and behavioral mechanisms of aversive and appetitive conditioning; however, it is unclear precisely what information content is learned. Here we examined the degree to which aspects of the unconditioned stimulus (US)—sensory information versus affective salience—are transferred to the conditioned stimulus (CS). To decode what stimuli features (e.g., valence vs. discriminative somatosensation) are represented in patterns of brain activation elicited during appetitive (soft touch) and aversive (painful touch) conditioning to faces, a novel approach to using modeling with representational similarity analysis (RSA) based on theoretically driven representational patterns of interest (POIs) was applied to fMRI data. Once associations were learned through conditioning, globally, the CS reactivated US representational patterns showing conditioning-dependent reactivation in specific high-order brain regions: In the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, the CS reactivated patterns associated with the affective salience of the US—suggesting that, with affective conditioning, these regions carry forward the affective associations of the experience.
(Nip)ulations: The Nipulator Electronic Bra and the
Embodiment of the Image Processing Tool
Authors: Panzarino Monica
Published: October 2024

The Nipulator electronic bra is a custom-built wearable device that uses two potentiometers, a hacked DJ Hero microcontroller, and Cycling ’74 software to (nip)ulate the author’s voice and image in real time. The bra functions as an instrument for live video and sound processing as well as a feminist art object. This essay discusses how the author’s work with rare and historically significant image and sound processing tools like the Sandin Image Processor, Jones Frame Buffer, and Paik-Abe Raster Manipulation Unit influenced the creation of The Nipulator, as well as her experimental media art practice. Other artistic and personal influences are also considered, and a thorough description of the bra’s design, technical evolution, and durability challenges is provided.
Deliberate Maladjustment by Microorganisms: A Medium for Images or Luminous Bacteria
Authors: Saeki Takumi , Masuda Nobuhiro , Jo Kazuhiro
Published: October 2024

In this article, the authors reveal a new significance for the phrase “deliberately maladjusted” (borrowed from video art of the 1970s and its critical interventions) in the act of microbial image processing using two artworks by the authors: A Medium for Images or Luminous Bacteria and ‘イ’ (1926) by BioLuminescent Bacteria. In contrast to early video experimentations, contemporary computational image processing simulates and manipulates various visual media in a manner well-adjusted for digital computation and display. The authors reconsider the historical process of image processing with living entities and microorganisms as they attempt to extend the possibility of works being deliberately maladjusted.
Parental Practices of Controlling and Supporting the Autonomy of Elementary School Children and Early Adolescents in Russia: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Nisskaya Anastasia K. , Tsyganova Ekaterina M.
Published: October 2024

Background. Children’s and adolescents’ development of autonomy depends on the relationship with their parents and the parents’ child-rearing practices. These might be aimed towards supporting or restricting autonomy, as well as its different aspects, such as independence or volitional functioning. Objective. To compare the practices described by foreign researchers as being the most beneficial for supporting autonomy with those used on a daily basis by Russian parents of primary school children and early adolescents. Design. We conducted 26 semi-structured interviews with 16 mothers and 10 fathers of primary school children (n = 10) and early adolescents (n = 16). Results. The practices of autonomy support and control used by parents were mostly similar to those described in foreign literature. However, new features were found: Guidance, Explanation of Patterns, and “Area of Responsibility”. The behavior of Russian parents can be described through practices specific to different situations. Qualitative research suggests the absence of a unified style of behavior in relation to children’s independence. Two types of autonomy support practices were used: encouraging independence and support for volitional functioning. Encouraging children’s volitional functioning was perceived by parents as something that guides their behavior, yet mention of this practice was much less explicit than mention of encouraging independence. Conclusion. Further reflection is required on the observed situationality of practices – whether it should be assessed as chaotic, hindering autonomy, or flexible, promoting it.
Arabic Rhetoric as Divine Hermeneutics: mathal and majāz in Ibn Ṭufayl’s Ḥayy b. Yaqẓān
Authors: Ng Jeson
Published: October 2024

I read Ibn Ṭufayl’s Ḥayy b. Yaqẓān, a sixth/twelfth-century philosophical narrative, through the lens of two critical terms in Arabic rhetoric: mathal and majāz, loosely equivalent to metaphor and figurative speech. Foregrounding the hermeneutic principles underlying the two concepts allows us to explore the affective and aesthetic means by which knowledge of the divine can be transmitted even through the material limitations of human language. They also provide the epistemological and rhetorical conditions for relating the sensible (maḥsūs) and intelligible (maʿqūl) worlds to each other through repeated crossings that connect divine truth (ḥaqq) with the material conditions of living. By his fractal-like deployment of mathal and majāz, Ibn Ṭufayl brings vividly to life a method of reading that enjoins us to interpret our material world in light of the wider cosmos in the same way that we encounter his text, preparing us to reach for an ever-receding gnosis.
World Meteorological Organization (WMO)-Accredited Infrastructure to Support Operational Climate Prediction
Authors: Kumar Arun , Scaife Adam A. , Merryfield William J. , Coelho Caio A. S. , Kolli Rupa Kumar , Fröhlich Kristina , Lim Eunha , He Yuheng , Honda Yuki , Silva Jose A. M. P. A. , Diouf Sarah , Okia Wilfran Moufouma , Hovsepyan Anahit
Published: October 2024

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) system, with an intergovernmental mandate for coordinating the generation and exchange of weather, climate, and water information across its members. WMO has played a vital role in coordinating production and dissemination of weather forecasts from short to medium range whereby global weather forecasts from large operational centers are made available to all WMO members to serve needs of stakeholders at the local level. In recent decades, there has also been an increasing demand for similar forecasts on longer lead times that include prediction on subseasonal, seasonal, and annual to decadal leads. To address the increasing requirements for forecast services by members, WMO has been actively accrediting and coordinating the essential forecast infrastructure that includes provision of forecasts from WMO designated Global Producing Centers and collection of forecasts by Lead Centers to facilitate the dissemination of information and products to WMO members and relevant nongovernmental organizations. Although the basic ingredients of the infrastructure are now in place, the uptake of the forecast information has been suboptimal. To engage the community in developing solutions to enhance the utilization of available information, this paper summarizes the WMO infrastructure for long-range forecasts, particularly for seasonal time scale, and follows with a discussion of current issues that are hindering their uptake. Finally, a set of proposals to advance the utilization of the available information from the WMO long-lead forecast infrastructure are discussed.
Trends in Temperatures in Latin America: A Time-Series Perspective Based on Fractional Integration
Authors: Asturias Schaub Luis Rodrigo , Gil-Alana Luis Alberiko
Published: October 2024

In this article, we examine the time-series properties of the temperatures in Latin America. We look at the presence of time trends in the context of potential long-memory processes, looking at the average, maximum, and minimum values from 1901 to 2021. Our results indicate that when looking at the average data, there is a tendency to return to the mean value in all cases. However, it is noted that in the cases of Guatemala, Mexico, and Brazil, which are the countries with the highest degree of integration, the process of reversion could take longer than in the remaining countries. We also point out that the time trend coefficient is significantly positive in practically all cases, especially in temperatures in the Caribbean islands such as Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, and the British Virgin Islands. When analyzing the maximum and minimum temperatures, the highest degrees of integration are observed in the minimum values, and the highest values are obtained again in Brazil, Guatemala, and Mexico. The time trend coefficients are significantly positive in almost all cases, with the only two exceptions being Bolivia and Paraguay. Looking at the range (i.e., the difference between maximum and minimum temperatures), evidence of orders of integration above 0.5 is found in nine countries (Aruba, Brazil, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Haiti, Panama, the Turks and Caicos Islands, and Venezuela), implying that shocks in the range will take longer to disappear than in the rest of the countries.
A step up? Why taxi platform drivers in Oslo, Norway started to drive
Authors: Oppegaard Sigurd M N
Published: October 2024

Working conditions on digital platforms are generally found to be precarious. This article explores why drivers working for taxi platforms in Oslo, Norway nonetheless take the “gig.” It draws on an extensive fieldwork in the industry and shows that the drivers see driving as not only one of very few available opportunities in the Norwegian labor market, but also as a step up. The drivers highlight the comfortable work environment, absence of direct supervision, formal flexibility, and potentially high earnings as factors making driving appear as a better job. Still, they are frustrated by the long hours they have to work to make a living, giving rise to an ambivalence toward the platforms. Contextualizing the drivers’ perception of the platforms in terms of their previous labor market experiences, the article argues that taking the “gig” can be seen as a response to and a strategy for navigating the Norwegian labor market aimed at changing their situation for the better, expressing their agency through—not against—the taxi platforms.
Occupational Participation Among Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Oostlander Samantha A. , Joanisse Camille , Mulvey Michael S. , Fraser Sarah , Lagacé Martine , Bélanger-Hardy Louise , Garcia Linda , Robitaille Annie , Gillis Margaret , Courtemanche Jill , O’Sullivan Tracey L.
Published: October 2024

Background. The COVID-19 pandemic led to abrupt occupational disruption for all people. However, some populations, like older adults, were disproportionately impacted particularly in the earlier waves. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to explore and understand how the occupational participation of community-dwelling older adults was experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic, using the Canadian Model of Occupational Participation (CanMOP) to contextualize findings. Method. Sixty-seven older adults participated in semi-structured interviews from September 2020 to May 2021, 37 of which also participated in a follow-up interview one-year later. Findings. Using reflexive thematic analysis, four themes were generated: (1) experiences of loss are complex and layered for older adults, (2) technology as a medium for occupational participation, (3) risk perception influences return to occupation, and (4) age-related challenges for older adults resuming volunteer work. Conclusion. Increasing frequency and severity of influenza pandemics and other disasters are a global concern, and OTs can use their skillsets to foster participation and expand occupational possibilities for older adults. The CanMOP was a helpful tool to understand the nuances underlying the participation of older adults in this context.
Closeness to citizens as a source for political trust? A comparison of opinions on local parliaments and the European Parliament in 12 European regions
Authors: Donat Elisabeth , Lenhart Simon
Published: October 2024

In everyday political life, closeness or proximity to citizens is often cited as a key factor in generating political trust. Closeness to citizens is regularly taken for granted, especially at the local level in the European Union (EU). Our paper compares two main indicators of closeness to citizens, namely personal interactions (facework commitment) and the role of perceived expertise (faceless commitment). It then asks if a transfer (or spillover) of trust from the local level to the European level can be observed. Our analysis is based on data from a novel survey in six EU member states and 12 regions ( N = 8700), which aimed to determine citizens’ proximity to and trust in parliaments in the multi-level system of the EU. The results of the paper highlight the importance of generating ‘faceless commitment’ (perceived expertise) as an indicator for closeness to citizens, which can be an important driver for increasing political trust. We found no spillover effects of trust from the subnational level to higher levels in the EU, which raises doubts about the potential of the subnational level to serve as a source and a promoter for trust in European institutions.

Points for practitioners

Personal contact is not always key for generating trust. Citizens expect politicians to rest their decision-making upon perceived living conditions and opinions of their constituencies instead. Large institutions like the European Parliament can benefit from these results since they can hardly seek direct contact with all citizens. Social sciences data and research can be one source of information to gather such expertise about living conditions. Trust cannot be simply transferred from one level (subnational) to another level (national, European).
Thinking Analogically About Dialogic Organization Development: A Cross-Cultural Exercise
Authors: Marshak Robert J
Published: October 2024

This article presents the process and results of the author using classical Chinese philosophy (Confucianism and Taoism) to stimulate new ideas and insights about the theory and practice of Dialogic Organization Development (OD). Key aspects of a Tao-based world-view that rejects such concepts as individuality, universal truths, objectivity, and scientific reasoning are identified along with implications for how social and organizational situations are conceptualized and addressed. New insights and ideas stimulated by this reflective process include the existence of important premises that are similar in classical Chinese philosophy and Dialogic OD, but differ from those in Diagnostic OD. Potentially generative ways to think about chaos, leadership, and the client–consultant relationship are also discussed. The discussion concludes with some thoughts about the current state of OD.
Editor’s Note: Always room to grow
Authors: Preston Teresa
Published: October 2024

Teresa Preston, editor in chief of Kappan, reflects on a powerful learning experience in her introduction to the October 2024 issue focused on mastery learning.
Literacy-based instruction in STEM
Authors: Singer Nancy Robb , Lannin Amy , Kareem Maha , Romine William , Kline Katie
Published: October 2024

Socio-scientific issues provide a great platform to both engage students in scientific topics and assess their understanding of scientific concepts. Nancy R. Singer, Amy Lannin, Maha Kareem, William Romine, and Katie Kline report on the STEM Literacy Project, a three-year National Science Foundation grant that aimed to improve STEM teachers’ knowledge and integration of literacy in their classrooms. They describe teachers’ professional learning, scenario-based assessments and other strategies they incorporated in their STEM classrooms, and how writing enables students to understand real-world issues.