bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation the coal thermal characteristics influence on combustion process in the furnace
Authors: Prokhorov Vadim , Chernov Sergey , Fomenko Mikhail , Fomenko Nadezhda , Kremer Alisa
Published: November 2024

The article presents the study results on the possibility of burning the bituminous coal instead the lignite in the boiler BKZ-420-140 type. The study objectives are to determine the influence of coals thermal characteristics on the combustion efficiency in a boiler. The boiler efficiency analysis when burning various coal types is carried out on the basis of fuel combustion process numerical simulation. The furnace process assessment was carried out according permissible mechanical unburning of solid fuel, absence of furnace walls slag, the flue gas temperature at the model outlet, the concentration of NOx in flue gases. The studies were carried out for bituminous coals with a change in the lower calorific value in the range from 14.61 to 25.62 MJ/kg. It was found that for most of the studied bituminous coals the unburned carbon loss does not exceed 0.5% (with the exception of Kuznetsk bituminous lean coal). It has been established that with an increase in the calorific value of the bituminous coal, the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the flue gases increases. There was no dependence of the concentration of nitrogen oxides on the lower calorific value found for low-volatile bituminous coals. The effect of bituminous coal humidity on the flue gas temperature at the furnace outlet and on the unburned carbon loss is ambiguous due to small changes.
Methods to increase heat and energy efficiency using energy saving technologies in buildings
Authors: Kuchkarov Akmaljon , Nomanjonov Sohibjon , Muzafarova Nodira , Abduraimov Avazbek , Obidjonov Zafarjon , Okhunov Shokhjakhon
Published: November 2024

In this article, a connection scheme of the heating system was proposed based on the use of solar collectors and heaters as assistants to local boilers used in the heating system of the enterprise on the basis of energy-saving technologies, the construction of the solar heater collector was developed, experimental results were obtained, including the tank accumulator for the selected object, heat in the room loss, calculation of the total amount of heat was determined. These devices can be used to save energy in the heating system of buildings. 21 solar collectors (1.2 kW each) are installed from the Thermotech FP202 solar collector to heat the building, their transmitters consume 0.6 kWh of electricity. The amount of electricity consumed during the heating season (182 days) was calculated to be 2620,8 kWh. The annual energy efficiency of the installed solar collector was determined to be 122304 kWh.
Study of thermoelastic waves at the interface between layers during 3D printing of building structures
Authors: Chirkunov Yu. A. , Chirkunov M. Yu. , Molodin V. V. , Lapidus A. A. , Topchiy D. V.
Published: November 2024

In our paper, we study a traveling wave in a transversely isotropic medium caused by the resulting temperature gradient between layers during 3D printing of building structures. To describe this process, we use a three-dimensional model defined by a system of first-order differential equations, which, in addition to the components of the displacement vector and temperature, contains additional functions. Formulas are obtained that express the components of the displacement vector and temperature through the wave parameter. This made it possible to obtain the dependence of the displacement vector on the temperature in the traveling wave. As an example, for specific values of the quantities on which the traveling wave depends, we plotted the dependence of the components of the displacement vector on temperature.
Information modelling of technical and technological methods for enhancing energy efficiency in capital construction objects
Authors: Gorbaneva Elena , Kosovtseva Ilona , Anisimova Nadezhda , Belyaeva Svetlana , Grabovyy Kirill
Published: November 2024

In the construction industry, the potential for thermal energy savings is particularly significant due to the large share and considerable losses of this type of energy resource in the overall energy consumption balance of the sector, which defines the objective of this research. This article presents a methodology for determining total thermal losses through enclosing structures and associated heat and mass transfer to the environment, which are influenced by both geometric and thermophysical properties of building elements as well as climatic characteristics of the project's location. It has been identified that climatic data contain a substantial stochastic component. Therefore, technical and managerial decisions should be based on the deterministic part of climate information. The contribution of technical and technological solutions to enhancing energy efficiency is defined by the magnitude of thermal losses, climatic characteristics of the project implementation region, and local thermal energy prices. A software implementation of a hierarchical information model for energy conservation has been developed within a relational database framework, enabling automatic maintenance of data integrity and consistency during updates while facilitating interaction among diverse participants in the project life cycle.
Energy indicators of the gas supply system during gas storage and use
Authors: Petrosyan A.L.
Published: November 2024

Below are the measures to be taken in case of gas storage.They have energy-economic justifications, are based on a comparison of costs incurred for storing natural gas in underground wells and the cost of stored gas.Three comparable options were considered,the comparison of which revealed the most expedient option:supplying gas to wells by pressing it in two- or three-stage compressors equipped with an electric motor, and in the case of re-use of gas, when the pressure is reduced - decompression, it is carried out not by throttling, but by the thermodynamic process of expansion in the detander. This will restore 35 … 50% of the electricity consumed in the compression process. If there are sufficient volumes of natural wells, lower the final pressure, for example 6.3 MPa, thus saving significant energy and money.
Modeling of the oil transportation process through pipelines and its optimization according to the cost criterion
Authors: Gorbaenko Tatyana , Shavkina Olesya
Published: November 2024

This article considers the problem of optimizing the process of oil transportation through oil pipelines from fields to oil collection and delivery points. The aim of the study is to build an effective logistics system for product transportation, which ensures the sustainable functioning of industrial production. The paper presents a mathematical model of the problem that takes into account the productivity of oil-producing enterprises and the needs of oil refineries, and represents a balanced transport problem. The optimization problem is solved on in the Python programming language, using imported libraries and modified program code. As a result of the software solution, the minimum cost of transportation and the optimal oil supply plan are determined, which allows providing all consumers with this energy resource with minimal costs. The proposed software product has a user-friendly and intuitive interface, which makes it accessible to a wide range of users when solving linear programming problems.
Research on an apparatus for separating immiscible liquids
Authors: Valeev S. I.
Published: November 2024

The analysis of publications related to the use of hydrocyclone-type apparatuses in various industries has shown insufficient elaboration of a number of issues in terms of application in the separation of immiscible liquids with a low content of light impurities. Proceeding from it the objective of experimental research on selection of optimal designs of hydrocyclones for cleaning of immiscible liquids of various productions is set. The results of experiments on the selection of the optimal ratio of flow rates through the upper and lower discharge nozzles in a cylindrical hydrocyclone of small diameter are given. Experimental research of velocity fields and pressures in a cylindrical hydrocyclone of not large diameter depending on the ratio of flow rates through the discharge spigots. The obtained results indicate the promising application of hydrocyclones of small diameter for the separation of emulsion-type liquids with a low concentration of light impurities.
A set of tools for predictive modeling of the spatial distribution of oil pollution
Authors: Sidoryakina Valentina , Filina Alena
Published: November 2024

Pollution of water by the oil and oil products poses a great threat to its ecosystem and the development of coastal cities. Knowledge of the features of these processes is crucial for simulation their spreading, analysis, and planning responses in case of unforeseen circumstances. This article discusses a set of tools for predictive modeling the oil pollution spreading, designed to analyse the environmental situation in water objects. The developed complex contains models of the situation of the water environment, transfer and transformation of oil pollution taking into account a number of determining factors. Implementation of models using the developed software will allow making accurate forecasts of the environmental situation in water on an accelerated time. The research results can be used to assess hydrophysical changes at monitoring the geosystems of coastal systems in the South of Russia (for example, the Azov Sea and the Tsimlyansk Reservoir), which are most susceptible to anthropogenic influence, as well as to design schemes for optimal nature management and protection of unique natural waters.
Evaluating gas-diesel cycle efficiency in machine-tractor power plants
Authors: Khaliullin Farit , Khaliullin Ayrat , Medvedev Vladimir , Sayfetdinov Bulat , Khafizov Ramil , Nurmiev Azat
Published: November 2024

To date, the gas-diesel cycle of operation of diesel internal combustion engines is one of the promising methods of improving the efficiency of existing designs in transport and technological machines. This engine conversion allows to significantly improve the environmental performance of the engine with a significant reduction in operating costs. For estimation of influence of engine conversion to gas-diesel cycle the principles of dynamic systems modelling are used. Solutions of first or second order differential equations with constant coefficients are used as indicators of operation in unsteady modes. The engine torque is considered as a two-parameter quantity. This approach makes it possible to estimate, among other things, such engine parameters as hourly and specific fuel consumption and effective power. The paper discusses the influence of changing the ratio of the reserve fuel portion on the dynamic characteristics of the engine. The obtained optimum values of the diesel fuel reserve dose correlate with the results of other authors’ research in this area.
The influence of the use of materials on the performance characteristics of intra-house gas pipelines
Authors: Kuzmina Tatyana , Bolshakova Polina , Gordashnikova Daria , Gordashnikova Maria
Published: November 2024

The operational characteristics of the intra-house gas supply system are determined by the quality and reliability of the materials of the intra-house wiring, which are subject to technical requirements, laying and installation requirements. The subject of the study was the performance characteristics of alternative materials: steel, multilayer metal-polymer and copper pipes for the gas supply system. The purpose of the scientific work was to conduct a thematic content analysis and interpret information to assess the impact of the use of materials on the operational characteristics of intra-house gas pipelines laid from the external structure of buildings to the connection point of gas appliances and apparatus. The information base of the study was the materials of technical regulations of the set of rules aimed at the safety of buildings and structures, as well as the reliability and safety of operation of gas distribution networks, and the expansion of the use of modern materials for intra-house gas pipelines. The study used both theoretical research methods (analysis, analytical generalization) and practical methods (comparison, measurement), as well as thematic content analysis of text arrays for meaningful interpretation of data. As a result of the study, a qualitative and quantitative assessment of pipe materials for the intra-house gas supply system, a comparison of technical and operational characteristics, ease of installation, maintenance, and ensuring the safe operation of the gas supply system are presented. Finally, a conclusion is drawn, based on thematic results of the study, about the requirements for the reliability and safety of operation of intra-house gas pipelines, as the main elements of the intra-house gas supply system, technical characteristics, preferences and restrictions on the use of pipes made of various types of materials with an optimal combination of operational properties.
Study of resonant oscillations of an earth dam under seismic impacts considering dissipation in soil
Authors: Salyamova Klara , Nishonov Nematilla , An Ekaterina
Published: November 2024

The article proposes methods for numerically solving a nonstationary vibration problem of an earth dam using the finite element method in a plane formulation under dynamic impact. It describes a method and software package for reducing the solution to a variational problem to solving a system of differential (dynamic) and algebraic (static) equations. The article provides an example of calculating the tall dam of the Charvak hydroelectric power station, which has a seismicity of 8-9 points. The numerical results include eigenfrequencies and modes, stress isolines, and the dependence of the amplitudes of external impact on time for different sections. Additionally, the article draws several physical conclusions identifying the most vulnerable sections of the dam.
Strengthening highway road base soils using a polymer based additive under conditions of road climate I
Authors: Nikolaeva Gamiliya , Kamenchukov Aleksey
Published: November 2024

The article provides a review of the study of stabilization of clay soil by adding polymer additives and surfactants. Research has been carried out to improve the quality of local cement-strengthened clay soils by introducing polymer-based additives and surfactants. The main objective of the work is to evaluate and compare the stabilizing effect of the two additives: strengthening impregnation, polymer based stabilizer. Studies were carried out to determine the compressive strength of dry and water-saturated samples, swelling and the coefficient of hydraulic conductivity to further determine the water regime and the degree of heaving of the reinforced soil. In addition to tests to determine the physical and mechanical characteristics of samples, additional experiments were carried out to study the capillary rise of water in strengthened soils using polymer-based stabilizing additives, which is important for predicting the process of moistening stabilized soils. It has been established that improving the quality of local reinforced soil is possible by introducing into the soil, in addition to the binder, polymer-based additives and surfactants. Based on the data obtained, it was revealed that the introduction of a stabilizer increases the compressive strength of strengthened soils compared to the same compositions strengthened only with cement. The methods of soil strengthening presented in the article can be considered suitable for use in Central Yakutia, since water-saturated clay soils are widespread on its territory.
Utilizing contaminated fallen leaves for artificial soil creation in urban green spaces
Authors: Pokhodnya Elizaveta I.
Published: November 2024

Bioecological functions of urban green spaces components – plants of different tires – an important environment-forming unit in the ecosystems of urbanized areas – determine their ability to accumulate numerous pollutants including heavy metals from natural mediums, in particular, from soils. In conditions of the middle zone of Russia, characterized by a pronounced cycle of seasons, during the period of defoliation most of plants lose their leaves, which, by decomposing and forming humus, return previously accumulated toxicants to the soil. To maintain a healthy unpolluted urban environment, it is important to prevent pollutants returning to the soil and reintroducing them into the biological cycle in the soil-plant complex on this stage. This study proposes the express method of using leaves fallen from different species growing in urban green spaces to create artificial soils, which will not only make it possible to use contaminated biomass in a useful and safe way, but also to cover the need of such large urban agglomerations as St. Petersburg for lawn soils that require renewal.
Motion analysis of redundant robotics in SolidWorks: Application in different environments
Authors: Magomedov Islam , Fedorova Zhanna , Tseeva Fatimat
Published: November 2024

Modern engineering software is so powerful that it can analyze complex structures and environments that were impossible to solve a few decades ago. One of the main reasons for the advancement of these engineering tools is the technological revolution that occurred recently. These software packages can be found in the market with various functionalities. Some of them target one specific field and, thus, for that specific area, they have various built-in tools that will not be found in others. Some of them can handle different tasks and are therefore multifunctional in their capability. For this work, the use of SolidWorks for motion analysis will be covered. A robotic arm will be built and assembled in the chosen software. After the assembly of the manipulator, motion analysis will be done to illustrate its behavior in different scenarios.
Mass flow rate determination under reservoir conditions changing in the problem of gas extraction with hydrate plug formation
Authors: Ivanov Gavril I. , Rozhin Igor I.
Published: November 2024

The influence of changes of pressure and temperature of the reservoir bed on the process of formation and deposition of natural gas hydrates on the wall of a producing well is investigated in the computational experiment. The problem is summarized to the solution of differential equations describing the non-isothermal flow of real gas in a porous medium and in a well, considering the formation and deposition of gas hydrates, heat propagation in rocks with appropriate conjugation conditions. The gas withdrawal mode with constant wellhead pressure is studied. The algorithm of numerical solution of the inverse problem of determining the dynamics of gas mass flow rate is based on the method of half division. The comparison of the calculation results for cases when the pressure at the well bottom is: 1) changing with time in the process of gas withdrawal; 2) remaining constant. It is indicated that consideration of changes in reservoir conditions leads to a significant increase in the time of complete plugging of the well by gas hydrates and to reduction of accumulated gas production.
Exploring workpiece surface quality formation with abrasive dynamics in centrifugal-rotary processes
Authors: Tamarkin Mikhail , Tishchenko Elina , Tishchenko Roman
Published: November 2024

This article presents the results of research on centrifugal-rotary processing in an abrasive medium. The dynamic characteristics and rotational processes of an array of abrasive granules in the machine chamber are investigated with the aim of determining the motion velocity, contact pressure and energy of the particle flow. These research data will be used in modeling a single interaction of abrasive granules with the surface of a workpiece and obtaining quantitative estimates of material removal rates and parameters on surface roughness of the workpiece and obtain a valuation of material removal rates and workpiece surface roughness parameters. The deformation of granular mass under the action of centrifugal force was performed using the finite element model in the Comsol Multiphysics package. The velocity fields and pressure in the mass of the load are identified. The dependency is obtained to calculate the maximum penetration depth of abrasive particles into the workpiece surface, metal removal and surface roughness. The dependencies are obtained to calculate the maximum penetration depth of abrasive particle into the workpiece surface, metal removal and surface roughness. CAD TP block has been developed to optimize the centrifugal-rotary machining, allowing a significant expansion of the range of computer-aided design systems.
The dynamic model of lubricating layer formation/destruction processes in boundary and mixed friction modes
Authors: Fominov Evgeny , Shuchev Constantine , Gavrilenko Maksim
Published: November 2024

The article is dedicated to studies of self-organization processes evolving in time in boundary lubricant layers. The essence of the article consists in use of the model of the connected processes of formation and destruction of a shielding delayed lubricant layer based on differential equations similar to that which are used for description in time of dynamics of probabilities of states of a single channel system of queueing theory with Poisson stream of queries and exponential service (Kolmogorov-Chapman equations). Proposed method involves introducing concepts: the intensity of delayed layer growth - l and the intensity of delayed layer destruction - m. This kind of concepts, in author’s opinion, is organically inherent in atomic-scale molecular systems consisting of large numbers of particles with many significant connections between them, all of which are impossible to describe and simulate. The studies of lubricating layers formation/destruction processes and structure of boundary lubricant layers in the medium of paraffin oil as a lubricant at different sliding speeds and loads were made. It was established that minimal values of friction coefficient were characteristic for layers with high intensity of delayed layer growth and high values of limit thickness. Proposed approach to modeling phenomena of self-organization in boundary lubricant layer can be useful for understanding the mechanism of lubricating action in conditions of boundary and mixed friction and applied for solving some practical problems related to the selection of effective lubricants for tribo couplings of the specified configuration and loading parameters.
Examination of heavy metal input from flood sediments in agricultural landscapes
Authors: Ilinskiy Andrey , Evsenkin Konstantin , Pavlov Artyom
Published: November 2024

The purpose of research is the ecological assessment of the impact of flood sedimentation on arable land of the Oka River floodplain agrolandscape. Research on studying the arrival of pollutants in the flood sediments on arable land floodplain agrolandscape was conducted in 2022-2023 on a stationary observation site of 16 ha, located 2 km from the northeastern administrative boundary of Ryazan Ryazan region (left bank of the central part of the Oka River floodplain near the village of Shumash). Studying sediment load was carried out by sampling sediments with the help of pile plastic mats imitating the top soil cover (mat area 0.14 m2) installed in advance in the control points (before the beginning of spring flooding). During the experiment, the value of sediment load was established, the content of pollutants in flood sediments in comparison with the underlying soil was studied, the degree of contamination of sediments with heavy metals and arsenic was assessed, and the structure of the influx of the studied chemical elements into the agrolandscape with flood sediments was analyzed. Of the pollutants considered, cadmium is more actively concentrated in flood sediments of the stationary observation site, followed by mercury, zinc, nickel, arsenic, manganese, lead, and copper and chromium less actively. The input of gross forms of heavy metals amounted to: copper - 260.5 g/ha; zinc - 1468.0 g/ha, lead - 255.8 g/ha; cadmium - 108.1 g/ha; nickel - 499.2 g/ha; chromium - 508.6 g/kg; mercury - 0.6 g/ha; arsenic - 115.6 g/ha; manganese - 8907.6 g/ha. The arrival of pollutants in the process of sedimentogenesis on the territory of agrolandscape in the floodplain of the Oka River indicates the need to organize and conduct environmental monitoring of the content of heavy metals and arsenic in flood sediments and underlying soil, as well as preventive measures to improve its buffer properties.
Natural convection in two-layer channel near bottom sludge under the influence of daily temperature fluctuations by the Lattice Boltzmann Method
Authors: Volodin Ivan , Alabuzhev Alexey
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the natural convective flow within an horizontal two-layer system driven by daily temperature fluctuations. The upper part of the layer is free of the porous medium, while the porosity is in the lower part. A homogeneous porosity distribution is assumed along the bottom, mimicking the flow near bottom vegetation or sludge. The Lattice Boltzmann Method is employed to solve the problem. The porous medium is simulated using the representative elementary volume (REV) method. An additional set of distribution functions is implemented to capture temperature distribution. Simulation is performed at constant porosity coefficient and at different Darcy number.
Effective Development communication strategies for enhancing MSME empowerment in the Cikadu Tourism Village, Tanjung Lesung
Authors: Imaniah Ikhfi , Shahreza Mirza , Purwanto Eko
Published: November 2024

Regency development of tourism in Tanjung Lesung, Pandeglang Regency, has been slow due to the suboptimal role of village officials, low awareness among local tourists, inadequate facilities, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze the communication strategies employed by the Pandeglang Regency Government in developing tourism in Tanjung Lesung, assess the economic empowerment of the community in the Cikadu tourism village, and formulate more effective communication strategy recommendations. The research approach is qualitative, utilizing a case study method. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and document studies with respondents such as local government officials, community members, and tourism industry players. The study results indicate that integrated communication strategies through both online and offline channels are effective in the development of Cikadu Tourism Village. SMEs, particularly in the production of local batik, play a key role in enhancing tourism appeal and the local economy. Government support in the form of training and promotion strengthens the contributions of SMEs. Key challenges, such as the limited digitalization among SMEs, can be addressed through training and technological support. Adapting communication strategies is crucial to overcoming these local challenges. Collaboration between the government, community, and tourism organizations, as well as economic empowerment of the community, is key to the successful development of tourism in Tanjung Lesung.
Ambient air quality in the area of open car parks of mixed-up complexes in Murmansk
Authors: Shironina Anastasia , Trishina Anastasia , Malaeva Anna
Published: November 2024

Recently mixed-up complex and large shopping and entertainment centers have started to appear beyond the Arctic Circle more often, therefore the impact of vehicles located in these areas on the ambient air of the city is of particular interest. The article is considering atmosphere air pollution in the area of open car-parks of such centers in Murmansk, located in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The article describes the characteristics of the two largest shopping and entertainment centers in the city, which have open car parks at their territory. There are pedestrian zones near the car parks, and the main flow of visitors is forced to pass through the territory to get to the shopping and entertainment center, being exposed to the influence of car emissions. Parallel measurements of NO2 and CO content in the ground layer of the atmosphere on the territory of open parking lots were carried out. It was found that the distribution of NO2 and CO on the territory of car parks is uneven and depends on the presence of traffic lights, pedestrian crossings, artificial unevenness, proximity to the road, year season and other factors. The measurements were taken during the coronavirus pandemic, when grocery stores in shopping and entertainment centers became the main places of people and vehicles congestion.
Improving the efficiency of route passenger transport systems by using recovered energy
Authors: Kapski Denis , Semchenkov Sergey , Korolchuk Maxim , Ikromov Akmal
Published: November 2024

This article analyzes the problems associated with increasing the efficiency of route passenger transport systems, with an in-depth consideration of tram subsystems. The focus is on using recovered electrical energy to optimize the operation of trams. The recovered energy produced during vehicle braking or deceleration can be effectively stored in on-board storage devices and then used to power the tram's traction system. The article makes the case for the relevance of this proposal, emphasizing not only the potential benefits in efficiency and resource savings, but also its significance in terms of reducing emissions and environmental sustainability of the public transport system. Schemes for implementing this approach are presented, including technical aspects of implementation and possible algorithms for controlling the energy storage and distribution system. An important element of the analysis is to determine the expected economic effect from the implementation of the proposed system. The authors of the article present an assessment of the economic benefits that can be achieved by reducing energy costs for traction and reducing the costs of maintaining and operating the transport system. Potential investments and financial aspects of implementing a new system are also discussed, which makes this study interesting both for engineers and technical specialists, as well as for economists and managers in the field of transport infrastructure.
Automatic braking system for spontaneously departing rolling stock on station track
Authors: Yusupov Azizjon , Khudayberganov Sakijan , Bashirova Alfiya , Tukhtakhodjaeva Mafirat
Published: November 2024

The current state of the use of methods of stopping wagons on railway transport in cases of their spontaneous departure is investigated. As a result, it was found that cases of spontaneous departure of rolling stock on railways in the region of the Republic of Uzbekistan account for 4.2% of the total share of traffic safety violations and account for 19.9% of the damage caused. This article highlights that in order to prevent the above situations, after installing brake shoes through automatic braking, a device on a spontaneously departing rolling stock, taking into account the number of wagons and their state of loading, based on the development of a mathematical model for determining the stopping distance, a system operating without a human factor was created and introduced into production.
Research of the influence of surface smoothness on the aerodynamic characteristics of an aircraft tail
Authors: Yerokhin Alexander , Deniskin Yury , Dubrovin Anton , Astapov Viktor , Sheryshev Alexei
Published: November 2024

The influence of tail surface irregularities on the aerodynamic drag and fuel efficiency of the aircraft is considered. The problem of eliminating oscillations of the airfoil curvature graph is considered. The influence of eliminating unintended concavities of the airfoil on its aerodynamic characteristics is investigated.
Choosing the control action on the steering of vehicles
Authors: Molev Yuri , Manianin Sergey , Belyaev Alexander , Vakhidov Umar , Makarov Vladimir
Published: November 2024

The requirements for the controllability of vehicles regulated in Global Technical Regulations No. 8 (GTR No. 8) are analyzed. It is noted that it is impossible to directly compare the controllability of vehicles due to the fact that the law of rotation of the controlled wheels when performing tests using this technique varies from the design features of the car, in particular from the length of the wheelbase. A single law of rotation of controlled wheels for movement is proposed, both for a material point and for structures of real vehicles. The methods of obtaining a single idealized path by the magnitude of deviations from which it is possible to assess the change in the controllability of any vehicle are described. The results and conclusions obtained in the work allow the manufacturer to more reasonably approach the choice of vehicle parameters to ensure road safety.
Analytical review of modern energy efficient trucks with electric drive wheels
Authors: Klubnichkin Vladislav , Klubnichkin Evgeny , Kartashov Aleksandr , Grinin Valeriy , Gazizullin Ruslan
Published: November 2024

The article provides an overview and analysis of modern energy efficient trucks with traction electric drive wheels. A description is presented indicating the main technical characteristics of the model range of energy efficient trucks with electric drive wheels, such companies as DAF Trucks, Mercedes-Benz, Daimler Trucks North America, Kenworth, Mack Trucks, Quantron, Renault Trucks, Scania, Xos, Volvo. The results of the review and analysis of promising technology made it possible to identify the dependence of the mass of the car on the power of the electric motor. A comparison is made between the developed prototypes of energy efficient trucks and foreign energy efficient analogues. Based on the analysis and review, conclusions are formulated about the selected power and weight indicators for newly developed energy efficient trucks.
Neutrino magnetic moment and inert doublet dark matter in a radiative seesaw scenario
Authors: Mohanta Rukmani , Singirala Shivaramakrishna , Singha Dinesh
Published: November 2024

We illustrate neutrino mass and magnetic moment along with dark matter phenomenology in a Type-III radiative scenario. To achieve this, we extend the Standard Model with three vector-like fermion triplets and two inert doublets, which can provide a suitable framework for studying the above phenomenological aspects. The inert scalars contribute to the total relic density of dark matter in the universe. The neutrino aspects are realized at one-loop level with magnetic moment obtained through charged scalars, while neutrino mass gets contribution from charged and neutral scalars. Taking inert scalar upto 2 TeV and triplet fermion mass in a few TeV range, we obtain a common parameter space, compatible with experimental limits associated with both neutrino and dark matter sectors. Finally, we demonstrate that the model is able to provide neutrino magnetic moments in a wide range from 10−12µB to 10−10µB, meeting the bounds of various experiments such as Super-K, TEXONO, Borexino and XENONnT.
Neutrino masses and mixing in an inverse seesaw (2,3) model augmented with S 4 modular flavor symmetry
Authors: Kalita Raktima , Patgiri Mahadev
Published: November 2024

In our work, we constructed an inverse seesaw(2,3) model using the modular invariance approach. The predictability of the model is enhanced and the number of flavon fields reduced by using this modular invariance approach. Here, we have used the S 4 modular group to assist us design the model. Within the present framework, the neutrino phenomenology can be studied with the help of the non-trivial transformation of Yukawa couplings. The right-handed neutrino mass can be experimentally verified by reducing it to the TeV range via the application of the inverse seesaw mechanism. In this work, we build the neutrino mass matrix and explain about the neutrino mixing phenomena. We show that the obtained CP violating phase and mixing angles are compatible with the observed 3σ ranges of existing neutrino oscillation data.
New physics prospects in semileptonic Λb → Λc* decays
Authors: Haritha C.P. , Mawlong Barilang
Published: November 2024

Observations of flavor anomalies in the b-sector, particularly the deviations in the measurements of the lepton flavor universality ratios in the b → cτντ transitions from the standard model (SM) predictions, suggest the existence of possible new physics beyond the SM. In the pursuit of new physics in similar decays involving b → cℓνℓ transitions, we scrutinize the decay modes Λb Λc*(2595, 2625)τ−ν¯τ beyond the SM. In particular, we examine the impact of the presence of leptoquarks in these decay modes, within the framework of the vector leptoquark U1 model. We employ form factors obtained from lattice QCD (LQCD) calculations to predict various q2-dependent observables. Some of these observables include the differential branching fraction, the ratio of branching fractions and the forward-backward asymmetry of the charged lepton. The new couplings are constrained using current b → cℓνℓ experimental data.
Measurements of lepton-flavour universality in semileptonic B decays at Belle and Belle II
Authors: Mantovano Michele
Published: November 2024

The Belle and Belle II experiments have collected a 1.1 ab−1 sample of e+e− BB¯ collisions at the ϒ(4S ) resonance. These data, with low particle multiplicity, constrained initial state kinematics and excellent lepton identification, are an ideal environment to study lepton-flavour universality in semileptonic decays of the B meson. We present measurements of branching-fraction ratios that test the universality of τ and light leptons, using both exclusive and inclusive B semileptonic decays. We also report measurements of angular observables that probe universality between electrons and muons.
Observations of double J/ψ in pPb collisions and triple J/ψ in pp collisions
Authors: Liu Jinfeng , Hu Zhen
Published: November 2024

Multi parton scattering (MPI) research has great importance in the field of high energy physics. Two recent outcomes of MPI studies conducted by the CMS collaboration at the LHC are presents. The first observation of double J/ψ production in proton-lead (pPb) collisions is reported, as well as the first observation of the concurrent production of triple J/ψ in proton-proton (pp) collisions. Both studies provide calculations of the effective cross section.
Sémiologie des ulcères de cornée chez le chien et le chat
Authors: Arnold-Tavernier Hélène
Published: November 2024

Les kératites ulcéreuses affectent fréquemment les carnivores domestiques. Après un rappel simplifié de l’anatomie et de la physiologie de la cornée, les symptômes fonctionnels et locaux sont décrits. Les moyens de diagnostic d’un ulcère de cornée sont détaillés avant de proposer une classification des ulcères en fonction de leur profondeur. Les modalités de la cicatrisation cornéenne sont enfin décrites.
État de choc et procédures de réanimation cardiopulmonaire chez les petits mammifères et les oiseaux
Authors: Coquelle Mélanie
Published: November 2024

Dans un contexte d’hospitalisation, la plupart des petits mammifères et des oiseaux présentent un état de choc hypovolémique. Une évaluation des stades de l’état de choc et le choix d’un plan de fluidothérapie sont nécessaires pour limiter le risque d’arrêt cardiorespiratoire. L’état de choc compensé est le stade le plus souvent observé chez les oiseaux, alors que les petits mammifères sont plus souvent présentés à un stade d’état de choc décompensé. Lorsque l’arrêt cardiorespiratoire survient, l’objectif est de maintenir une circulation sanguine et une bonne oxygénation pour permettre la survie du patient et limiter les risques de séquelles neurologiques et organiques. Pour cela, une intubation trachéale sera réalisée dans l’idéal pour permettre une ventilation assistée, une compression thoracique le temps de rétablir une circulation sanguine spontanée (plus difficile à mettre en œuvre chez les oiseaux du fait de leur anatomie) et la réalisation d’injections pour traiter des situations de bradycardie et d’asystolie. Les doses à utiliser sont ainsi adaptées en fonction de l’espèce, en particulier dans le cas de l’utilisation de l’atropine qui sera remplacée par le glycopyrrolate chez le lapin. Le taux de survie après une procédure de réanimation cardiovasculaire (hors anesthésie) est peu étudié, mais semble faible : 2,8 % chez le lapin, 0 % chez les autres petits mammifères et les oiseaux [16].
Cas clinique : Diagnostic d’abcès hépatiques chez une vache laitière référée pour amaigrissement
Authors: Baert Adélaïde
Published: November 2024

Cet article présente le cas d’une vache laitière référée pour amaigrissement et chute de production laitière avec suspicion de réticulo-péritonite par corps étranger et absence de réponse au traitement médical effectué par le vétérinaire traitant. Des abcès hépatiques ont été diagnostiqués à l’échographie, puis une périhépatite fibrosante diffuse à la laparotomie exploratrice. Ce cas, bien illustré, permet de rappeler la possibilité d’être confronté en pratique à des abcès hépatiques sévères chez la vache laitière. Souvent vus comme une découverte fortuite et fréquente en abattoir, peu souvent décrits en médecine individuelle, les abcès hépatiques ont pourtant bien leur place dans le diagnostic différentiel de l’amaigrissement. Si la laparotomie a permis de mieux évaluer la gravité des lésions et affiner le mauvais pronostic d’un potentiel traitement, l’autopsie a confirmé, quant à elle, la cause primaire suspectée, c’est-à-dire une acidose ruminale. Les méthodes d’investigation des abcès hépatiques et de l’acidose subaiguë ainsi que les mesures préventives envisageables à l’échelle individuelle et collective seront abordées dans la discussion.
Improved YOLOX Remote Sensing Image Object Detection Algorithm
Authors: LIU Beibei , DENG Yansong , LYU He , ZHOU Chenchen , TANG Xuezhi , XIANG Wei
Published: November 2024

Remote sensing image object detection is one of the core tasks of remote sensing image processing. In recent years, with the development of deep learning, great progress has been made in object detection in remote sensing. However, the problems of dense small targets, complex backgrounds and poor target positioning accuracy in remote sensing images make the detection of remote sensing targets still difficult. In order to solve these problems, this research proposes a remote sensing image object detection algorithm based on improved YOLOX-S. Firstly, the Efficient Channel Attention (ECA) module is introduced to improve the network's ability to extract features in the image and suppress useless information such as background; Secondly, the loss function is optimized to improve the regression accuracy of the target bounding box. We evaluate the effectiveness of our algorithm on the NWPU VHR-10 remote sensing image dataset, the experimental results show that the detection accuracy of the algorithm can reach 95.5%, without increasing the amount of parameters. It is significantly improved compared with that of the original YOLOX-S network, and the detection performance is much better than that of some other mainstream remote sensing image detection methods. Besides, our method also shows good generalization detection performance in experiments on aircraft images in the RSOD dataset.
Postpartum Hemorrhagic Morbidity with Scheduled versus Unscheduled Cesarean Delivery at Term
Authors: Wiley Rachel L. , Chauhan Suneet P. , Johnson Emily A. , Ghose Ipsita , Ciomperlik Hailie N. , Mendez-Figueroa Hector
Published: November 2024

Objective This study aimed to compare the composite maternal hemorrhagic outcomes (CMHOs) among term (≥37 weeks) singletons who had scheduled versus unscheduled cesarean deliveries (CDs). A subgroup analysis was done for those without prior uterine surgeries.

Study Design Retrospectively, we identified all singletons at term who had CDs. The unscheduled CDs included individuals admitted with a plan for vaginal delivery with at least 1 hour of attempted labor. CMHOs included any of the following: estimated blood loss of ≥1,000 mL, use of uterotonics (excluding prophylactic oxytocin) or Bakri balloon, surgical management of hemorrhage, blood transfusion, hysterectomy, thromboembolism, admission to intensive care unit, or maternal death. Multivariable Poisson regression models with robust error variance were used to estimate adjusted relative risks (aRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results Of 8,623 deliveries in the study period, 2,691 (31.2%) had CDs at term, with 1,709 (67.3%) scheduled CDs, and 983 (36.5%) unscheduled CDs. Overall, the rate of CMHO was 23.3%, and the rate of blood transfusion was 4.1%. CMHOs were two-fold higher among unscheduled (34.5%) than scheduled CDs (16.9%; aRR = 2.18; 95% CI: 1.81–2.63). The aRRs for blood transfusion and surgical interventions to manage postpartum hemorrhage were three times higher with unscheduled than scheduled CDs. The subgroup analysis indicated that among the cohorts without prior uterine surgery, the rate of the CMHOs was significantly higher when the CD was unscheduled versus scheduled (aRR 1.85; 95% CI 1.45–2.37).

Conclusion Compared to scheduled CDs, the composite hemorrhagic adverse outcomes were significantly higher with unscheduled CDs.

Key Points
In-vivo stress measurements in kitesurfing and wakeboarding: implications on load control and preventive approaches – an in-vivo field study
Authors: Sander Frank , Neuse Nina , Ren Xiping , Bader Rainer , Klinkmann Gerd , Lutter Christoph , Tischer Thomas
Published: November 2024

The trend sports kitesurfing and wakeboarding are increasingly gaining popularity. Tricks and high jumps – both in the air and over obstacles – are performed with increasing difficulty. Repeated high loads on the body, particularly when landing after a jump, can lead to overuse and acute injuries directly related to peak forces, particularly in the lower extremities.

There is a lack of detailed analyses of these forces resulting from wakeboarding or kitesurfing, although such data would be relevant for the analysis of injury mechanisms and the subsequent development of prevention strategies. This study is the first of its kind in which the loads on the lower extremity during wakeboarding and kitesurfing were subjected to in-vivo measurements during various maneuvers.

Six wakeboarders and 12 kitesurfers (6 with loop bindings and 6 with fixed bindings) were investigated (mean age 33.1 ± 9.9 years). Jump height, hang time, acceleration, and the maximum vertical ground reaction force of both feet during takeoff and landing were recorded by means of sensor insoles (Moticon, Germany) on the feet of the athletes and simultaneously by a height and acceleration sensor (PIQ Sport Intelligence) on the board. A statistical analysis was performed.

The data showed that wakeboarders were exposed to higher loads than kitesurfers, with significant differences occurring only between wakeboarders and kitesurfers with loop bindings and between kitesurfers with loop bindings and fixed bindings. High mean forces occurred during the landing of wakeboarders (rear foot 24.24 N/kg ± 8.82; front foot 20.33 N/kg ± 5.05) compared to kitesurfers with loop bindings (rear foot 12.09 N/kg ± 5.6; front foot 12.23 N/kg ± 4.92) as well as partially in kitesurfers with fixed shoe bindings (front foot 13.61 N/kg ± 5.92). Forces during lift-off were comparable in the rear foot (wakeboarders, kitesurfers with fixed bindings, kitesurfers with loop bindings 14.17 ± 6.37 vs. 16.39 ± 4.99 vs. 14.72 ± 5.13 N/kg). Similarly, despite the higher average acceleration force of the wakeboarders (4.16 g ± 1.02), there was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.166) compared to the kitesurfers.

The in-vivo forces acting on the lower extremities during wakeboarding and kitesurfing are high (highest absolute values of 3012 N and relative values of 31.71 N/Kg). In addition, fixed boot bindings allow for the generation of higher forces than strap bindings. The results of our study have important implications on load control and preventive approaches in these two sports.