bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Buoyancy and Magnetorotational Instabilities in Stellar Tachoclines for Solar- and Antisolar-type Differential Rotation
Authors: Gilman Peter A.
Published: October 2018

We present results from an analytical model for magnetic buoyancy and rotational instabilities in full spherical shell stellar tachoclines that include rotation, differential rotation of either solar or antisolar type, and toroidal field. We find that in all cases, for latitudes where the tachocline vertical rotation gradient is positive, toroidal fields can be stored against magnetic buoyancy up to a limit that is proportional to the square root of the local vertical rotation gradient. For solar magnitude differential rotation, this limit is about 9 kG. For fixed percentage differential rotation, storage capacity varies linearly with the rotation rate. Faster rotators with the same percentage differential rotation can store larger fields, and slower rotators can store smaller fields. At latitudes where the vertical rotation gradient is negative, vigorous magnetorotational instability for even weak (≪1 kG) toroidal fields prevents such storage. We infer from these results that for stars with solar-type latitudinal differential rotation (fast equator, slow poles), any starspots present should be found in low latitudes, similar to the Sun. For antisolar differential rotation, any spots present should be found in mid- and high latitudes, perhaps with a peak of occurrence near 55°. These results hopefully provide some guidance for making and interpreting observations of stellar activity and differential rotation on stars with convection zones and tachoclines.
Resolving the X-Ray Obscuration in a Low-flux Observation of the Quasar PDS 456
Authors: Reeves J. N. , Braito V. , Nardini E. , Hamann F. , Chartas G. , Lobban A. P. , O’Brien P. T. , Turner T. J.
Published: October 2018

Simultaneous XMM-Newton, NuSTAR, and HST observations, performed in 2017 March, of the nearby (z = 0.184) luminous quasar PDS 456 are presented. PDS 456 had a low X-ray flux compared to past observations, where the first of the two new XMM-Newton observations occurred during a pronounced dip in the X-ray light curve. The broadband X-ray spectrum is highly absorbed, attenuated by a soft X-ray absorber of column density N
H = 6 × 1022 cm−2. An increase in obscuration occurs during the dip, which may be due to an X-ray eclipse. In addition, the persistent, fast Fe K outflow is present, with velocity components of −0.25c and −0.4c. The soft absorber is less ionized (

) compared to the iron K outflow (

) and is outflowing with a velocity of approximately −0.2c. A soft X-ray excess is present below 1 keV against the highly absorbed continuum and can be attributed to the re-emission from a wide-angle wind. The complex X-ray absorption present in PDS 456 suggests that the wind is inhomogeneous, whereby the soft X-ray absorber originates from denser clumps or filaments that may form farther out along the outflow. In contrast to the X-ray observations, the simultaneous UV spectrum of PDS 456 is largely unabsorbed, where only a very weak broad absorption trough is present blueward of Lyα, compared to a past observation in 2000 when the trough was significantly stronger. The relative weakness of the UV absorption may be due to the soft X-ray absorber being too highly ionized and almost transparent in the UV band.
Bryocyclops asetus sp. n. and the presence of Bryocyclops muscicola (Menzel, 1926) from Thailand (Crustacea, Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Cyclopidae)
Authors: Watiroyram Santi
Published: October 2018

The description ofBryocyclopsasetussp. n.and the record ofB.muscicola(Menzel, 1926) from Thailand are presented. The new species is most similar toB.maewaensisWatiroyram, Brancelj & Sanoamuang, 2012, the cave-dwelling species described from northern and western Thailand. They share morphological characteristics, such as the free margin of the anal operculum which is ovated and serrate, the same setae and the spines formulae on P1–P4Exp-2 (setae: 5.5.5.4; spines: 3.3.3.3) and Enp-2 of P1–P2, P4 (setae formula 3.4.3) in both sexes. The new species is easily distinguished fromB.maewaensisdue to typical divergent caudal rami, the absence of coxal seta on P1, and the absence of blunt-tipped setae on P2–P3Exp-2. A dichotomous key to the species ofBryocyclopsgroup IsensuLindberg (1953) is proposed.
Distributed digital contexts and learning: Personal empowerment and social transformation in marginalized populations
Authors: Chib Arul , Bentley Caitlin , Wardoyo Reidinar-Juliane
Published: October 2018

The role of digital media and learning has often been synonymous with the use of open education resources in formal institutional settings. Further, open and distance learning has been criticized for focusing narrowly on educational objectives, ignoring socio-political issues of access and participation by marginalized populations. This study examines the lived experiences of female migrant domestic workers (N=20) in Singapore attending Open University. Mobile and social media supplement open and distance learning resources to allow for open practices of consumption, production and sharing in distributed contexts of digital learning. Marginalized students engaged in participation and collaboration activities, with specific privacy practices due to their social positions. Digital learning led to substantive learning for personal empowerment and social transformation, with aspirational strategies often involving digital skills. The discussion reflects on identity management across formal and informal digital settings as a means of transforming societal discourses of discrimination.

El rol de los medios digitales y el aprendizaje a menudo ha sido sinónimo del uso de recursos educativos abiertos en entornos institucionales formales. Además, el aprendizaje abierto y a distancia (ODL) ha sido criticado por centrarse estrictamente en los objetivos educativos, ignorando las cuestiones sociopolíticas de acceso y de participación de las poblaciones marginalizadas. Este estudio examina las experiencias de vida de un grupo de trabajadoras domésticas migrantes (N=20) en Singapur que asisten a Open University. Los medios móviles y las redes sociales complementan los recursos ODL para permitir prácticas abiertas de consumo, producción e intercambio en contextos distribuidos de aprendizaje digital. Los estudiantes marginalizados intervinieron en actividades participativas y colaborativas, con prácticas de privacidad específicas de acuerdo a sus posiciones sociales. El aprendizaje digital condujo a un aprendizaje sustantivo para el empoderamiento personal y la transformación social, con estrategias de aspiración que a menudo involucran habilidades digitales. La discusión reflexiona sobre la gestión de identidades en entornos digitales formales e informales como un medio para transformar los discursos sociales de discriminación.
Exploring the influence of the teacher: Social participation on Twitter and academic perception
Authors: Santoveña-Casal Sonia , Bernal-Bravo César
Published: October 2018

Analyzing the influence of social media on the learning process is no longer a novel idea; however, due to its importance for students and consequently for teachers, research continues to explore the pedagogical potential of social media. The main objective of the present study was to analyze the influence of teacher roles (guide or facilitator) on students’ social participation in Twitter and their perceived academic experience. The sample consisted of 525 future teachers, all of the Master’s degree students at Spain’s National Distance Education University (UNED). We used a mixed triangulation design, a theoretical model, quantitative methods (descriptive analysis and contrast of means) and qualitative methods (content analysis following the principles of grounded theory). Our results showed that the teacher’s role as a facilitator exerted a more positive influence on how students assessed their experience and on their participation on Twitter than the role as a guide. We conclude that the use of social media sites in education offers a motivating and satisfying framework that is not provided by other more traditional means such as forums, and that a role that facilitates independent learning is a better strategy when using social media in the classroom.

El análisis de la influencia de las redes sociales en el proceso de aprendizaje ya no es una novedad. Sin embargo, debido a su importancia para el alumnado y en consecuencia para el profesorado, la literatura científica sigue prestando atención al potencial pedagógico de las redes sociales. El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue analizar la influencia del rol del profesorado (guía y facilitador) sobre la participación social en Twitter y la experiencia académica percibida de los estudiantes. La muestra estuvo formada por 525 futuros profesores, estudiantes de posgrado en la Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia. Se utilizó un diseño mixto de triangulación, un modelo teórico, una parte cuantitativa (análisis descriptivo y contraste sobre medias) y otra cualitativa (análisis de contenido, siguiendo los principios de la teoría fundamentada). Los resultados mostraron que el rol facilitador del profesor influye positivamente en la valoración de la experiencia por parte de los estudiantes y en la participación en Twitter, en mayor medida que el rol guía. Por un lado, se concluye que el uso de las redes sociales, en el ámbito educativo, proporciona un marco motivacional y de satisfacción que no lo aportan otros medios más tradicionales, como los foros, y, por otro, que un rol que facilita un proceso de aprendizaje independiente es mejor estrategia cuando hablamos de redes sociales en el aula.
Long-term Follow-up of the Use of a Synthetic Bone Graft Composite in the Surgical Management of Primary Bone Tumors
Authors: Multani Iqbal , Schneider Patricia , Baldawi Hassan , Deheshi Benjamin , Ghert Michelle
Published: October 2018

The surgical management of benign and benign aggressive bone tumors typically involves intralesional curettage and reconstruction of the resulting defect with cement or bone graft material. At the authors' institution, an injectable synthetic calcium sulfate–calcium phosphate composite is now the standard graft material for these cases. This study reports the long-term follow-up, specifically the stability of bone regeneration, for the use of the synthetic graft material for oncologic reconstruction. Fourteen patients who underwent intralesional curettage of a primary bone tumor followed by cavitary reconstruction with synthetic graft material who had at least 4-year follow-up were identified from an institutional orthopedic oncology database. Clinical outcome data, focusing on long-term clinical and radiographic features of the reconstruction, were extracted from electronic and paper medical records. Seven females and 7 males were included (mean age at surgery, 28.1 years; range, 13–64 years). Follow-up ranged from 50 to 105 months (mean, 68 months). Most surgical reconstructions were done for the lower limb (n=11), and giant cell tumor of bone was the most common tumor treated. The mean amount of synthetic graft material used was 18.6 cm3. Complete radiographic resorption and new bone incorporation was observed within the first year, and bone remodeling was complete in all patients. Bone remodeling remained stable throughout the longer-term follow-up (ie, up to 9 years). The use of an injectable synthetic calcium sulfate–calcium phosphate composite is a viable option in the reconstruction of cavitary bone defects following intralesional curettage of primary benign bone tumors. This reconstruction technique was safe, with no long-term complications, and led to complete radiographic resorption and new bone incorporation with long-lasting stability. [Orthopedics. 2018; 41(6):e868–e875.]
Pregabalin and Dexmedetomidine Combined for Pain After Total Knee Arthroplasty or Total Hip Arthroplasty Performed Under Spinal Anesthesia
Authors: Lee Cheol , Lee Juhwan , Lee Gilho , Lee Hayeong , Koh Eunnim , Hwang Jihyo
Published: October 2018

Pregabalin and dexmedetomidine have been introduced to manage postoperative pain. This study evaluated the effect of the 2 drugs combined on pain in patients undergoing total knee or hip arthroplasty. A total of 124 patients undergoing total knee or hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia were randomly assigned to either group C (n=31, placebo), group P (n=33, pregabalin), group PD (n=29, pregabalin and dexmedetomidine), or group D (n=31, dexmedetomidine). One hour before spinal anesthesia, patients received 150 mg of pregabalin or placebo orally, and a bolus dose of 0.5 µg/ kg of intravenous dexmedetomidine was given over 10 minutes before induction of spinal anesthesia. This was followed by a continuous infusion of 0.5 µg/kg/h or the same calculated volume of normal saline until completion of the surgery. Clinically relevant pain for 24 hours postoperatively, including time to first analgesic request, visual analog scale score, ketorolac dose, and volume of patient-controlled analgesia consumed, was recorded. Group C had significantly longer time to first analgesic request, higher visual analog scale scores at rest and on movement, higher ketorolac dose, and higher volume of patient-controlled analgesia for the first 24 hours postoperatively compared with the other groups. Although group PD and group D had less clinically relevant pain than group P, group PD and group D were not significantly different. Dexmedetomidine was more effective than pregabalin for clinically relevant pain. Pregabalin and dexmedetomidine combined had no synergic effect compared with dexmedetomidine alone. [
Orthopedics
. 2018; 41(6):365–370.]
Use of a Safety Clamp When Performing Arthroscopic Knot Tying Preserves the Suture When It Is Placed Under Excessive Tension
Authors: Kim Kevin H. , Long Mitchell K. , McCormack Richard , Ruotolo Charles
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this study was to compare the location of the suture breakage between tying by hand vs with a safety clamp, needle driver. FiberWire No. 2 and 2-0 (Arthrex, Naples, Florida) were fastened onto the hook attachment of the digital force gauge. Sutures were placed under excessive strain using a hand tying technique vs a safety clamp, or instrument tying. Peak forces at which the sutures failed under tension along with locations of the suture breakage, measured from the site of the knot, were recorded. For FiberWire No. 2, the mean load to failure was 142.60±2.33 N for hand tying and 78.79±1.97 N for the safety clamp (
P
<.0001). For FiberWire 2-0, the mean load to failure was 62.98±4.90 N for hand tying and 34.43±2.46 N for the safety clamp (
P
<.0001). For FiberWire No. 2, the mean location of suture breakage was 0 cm, at the site of the knot, for hand tying and at the clamping point (10.45±0.34 cm from the knot) for the safety clamp (
P
<.0001). For FiberWire 2-0, the mean location of suture breakage was 0 cm, at the site of the knot, for hand tying and at the clamping point (10.47±0.22 cm from the knot) for the safety clamp (
P
<.0001). Use of a safety clamp while mastering arthroscopic suture technique preserves the suture knot when placed under excessive tension. [
Orthopedics
. 2019; 42(1):e25–e28.]
Delayed-Onset Paraplegia Due to Spinal Cord Infarction After Repeated Tumor Excision Surgeries of the Thoracic Spine
Authors: Kobayashi Motoya , Kato Satoshi , Murakami Hideki , Demura Satoru , Yoshioka Katsuhito , Yonezawa Noritaka , Takahashi Naoki , Shimizu Takaki , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki
Published: October 2018

Tumor excision surgeries of the spine present a distinct challenge regarding the maintenance of spinal cord blood supply because they often require preoperative embolization of segmental arteries, ligation of the corresponding nerve roots, and circumferential exposure of the dural sac. The authors present a case of delayed-onset spinal cord infarction after repeated tumor excision surgeries of the thoracic spine. A 49-year-old man had undergone a left nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma, 2 pulmonary metastasectomies, and excision of a left sixth rib metastasis before referral to the authors' institution. He had a recurrence of the bone metastasis involving the left fourth and fifth ribs and T5 vertebra. He underwent 3 tumor excision surgeries, including spondylectomy of T5 and T7, for the repeated tumor recurrences involving the thoracic spine. These surgeries required preoperative embolization of 9 segmental arteries at 6 consecutive levels and ligation of 6 nerve roots at 3 consecutive levels. Thirty hours after the third surgery, the neurologic deficit worsened. The postoperative paraplegia was diagnosed as delayed-onset spinal cord infarction via magnetic resonance imaging. This is the first case report describing delayed-onset paraplegia due to spinal cord ischemia caused by embolization of segmental arteries and ligation of nerve roots in multi-spinal levels for spine tumor surgeries. In spine tumor surgery, embolization of bilateral segmental arteries at 4 or more consecutive levels and/or ligation of bilateral nerve roots pose a risk for ischemic spinal cord disease. [
Orthopedics
. 2019; 42(1):e131–e134.]
Intramedullary Antibiotic Delivery for Emphysematous Osteomyelitis of the Femur
Authors: Lauer Madelyn F. , Boschert Emily N. , Dubin Jonathan R. , Bernhardt Mark
Published: October 2018

The authors present a case of bilateral femoral emphysematous osteomyelitis caused by
Escherichia coli
in a 60-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis who was receiving long-term prednisone therapy. The infection in both femoral shafts was eradicated with surgical debridement, followed by insertion of intramedullary rods composed of culture-specific antibiotic cement into the femoral canals in conjunction with 6 weeks of intravenous antibiotics. The rods were subsequently removed, and no signs of further osteomyelitis were recognized at follow-up. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of its kind reported in the orthopedic literature. Emphysematous osteomyelitis, a rare and dangerous entity, can be successfully managed by intramedullary antibiotic delivery in the subacute setting. [
Orthopedics
. 2019; 42(1):e128–e130.]
Global Consciousness in Nursing: An Ethnographic Study of Nurses with an International Perspective
Authors: Thorne Sally
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT

Despite an ideal of international awareness, nursing education and professional organization have traditionally fostered social analysis within a rather local sphere of influence. However, there have always been renegade nurses whose idealism and global perspective have made them challenge the profession, adopt unusual career paths, or even leave nursing in favor of roles that more readily adapt to global awareness. Because the health care of the future demands an increasingly global-policy perspective, it is important to explore the relationship between the social structure of professional nursing and its ideological imperatives. This research employed ethnographic methods to study the experience of nurses involved in balancing what they perceived to be the discrepant perspectives of nursing and global awareness. The findings depict remarkable and inspiring careers within nursing and document the difficulties encountered by nurses in their attempts to apply global awareness to their professional nursing lives. Further, they generate practical implications for nursing education and professional organization to respond to the global trend toward primary health care policy and to prepare nurses to meet the inevitable challenges of the next millennium.
The Impact of the Use of Inquiry-Based Learning as a Teaching Methodology on the Development of Critical Thinking
Authors: Magnussen Lois , Ishida Dianne , Itano Joanne
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT

Problem-based learning (PBL) uses patients' problems to develop students' problem-solving and clinical skills. Inquiry-based learning (IBL) was developed as a similar methodology that was more holistic and flexible. This study sought to determine if inquiry-based learning (IBL) enhances critical-thinking ability as measured by the Watson Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal (WGCTA). The WGCTA was administered to 228 nursing students in the first semester and 257 students in the final semester of their program. When the scores were stratified into groups, the students in the low group showed a significant increase in mean score, no change in the medium group, and a significant drop for the high group.
Prevalence of Strabismus Among Children With Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Disease With and Without Optic Pathway Glioma
Authors: Dotan Gad , Qureshi Hanya M. , Toledano-Alhadef Hagit , Azem Nur , Yahalom Claudia
Published: October 2018

Purpose:

To evaluate the prevalence of strabismus in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) by comparing children with normal neuroimaging to those with optic pathway glioma.

Methods:

A retrospective data collection of all children with NF-1 with neuroimaging studies examined at a single medical center between 2000 and 2016.

Results:

Of the 198 children with NF-1 reviewed, 109 (55%) were male, 121 (61%) had normal neuroimaging, and 77 (39%) had an optic pathway glioma. Mean age at presentation was 6.3 ± 4.7 years and mean follow-up was 4.8 ± 3.1 years. Strabismus was present in 29 (15%) children and was significantly more prevalent in children with NF-1 with optic pathway glioma (21 of 77 [27%]) than in those with normal neuroimaging (8 of 121 [7%],
P
< .001). Sensory strabismus was only found in children with optic pathway glioma, accounting for most cases (12 of 21 [57%]). A strong association between strabismus and optic pathway glioma is demonstrated by an odds ratio of 5.29 (
P
< .001). Children with NF-1 with optic pathway glioma have a 4.13 times higher relative risk of developing strabismus than children with NF-1 without it (
P
= .001). The direction of ocular misalignment in children with NF-1 with optic pathway glioma was not significantly different than that observed in children without optic pathway glioma (
P
= .197, Fisher's exact test). Only 5 (17%) children with NF-1 with strabismus (3 with optic pathway glioma) underwent corrective surgery to align their eyes.

Conclusions:

Optic pathway glioma in children with NF-1 is associated with an increased risk of strabismus that is often sensory. Although exotropia is the most common ocular misalignment associated with optic pathway glioma, the direction of strabismus cannot be used as an accurate predictor for its presence.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2019;56(1):19–22.]
Myopia Growth Chart Based on a Population-Based Survey (KNHANES IV–V): A Novel Prediction Model of Myopic Progression in Childhood
Authors: Kim Dae Hee , Lim Hyun Taek
Published: October 2018

Purpose:

To introduce a novel myopia growth chart based on a population-based survey for the prediction of myopic progression.

Methods:

The study included 7,695 Korean participants aged 5 to 20 years from a population-based health survey (Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV–V). The authors collected spherical equivalent (SE) data converted from noncycloplegic refraction data. To create a myopia growth chart, data were arranged in the order of SE from hyperopia to myopia to acquire specific percentiles of the SE by age. Myopia progression rates were calculated between two specific ages in each percentile.

Results:

The mean age of the participants was 11.8 years and the mean SE was −1.82 diopters (D). The SE of the 10th percentile was +0.72 D for participants aged 5 and −0.25 D for those aged 20 years, resulting in a total change in refraction of −0.97 D. In contrast, the SE of the 90th percentile was −0.75 D for participants aged 5 years and −6.73 D for those aged 20 years, showing myopia progression of −5.98 D. The myopia progression rate from 5 to 20 years of age was estimated as −0.06, −0.15, and −0.40 D/year in the 10th, 50th, and 90th percentile groups, respectively.

Conclusions:

The myopia growth chart may be used to diagnose the severity or to estimate the progression of myopia. A patient in a higher percentile of myopia for his or her age may have myopia progressing at a faster rate and thus require close observation.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2019;56(2):73–77.]
Distance Education Features using Facebook
Authors: Dhyab Rozhgar , Varol Asaf
Published: October 2018

Thanks to rapid development of information technology there are many new tools that can be used for teaching and learning environment. In the long past, we had met classical classrooms where teachers had to use chalk to write done everything on the blackboard. Later, we have met new tools such as projection, desktop computers, smart boards, etc. in the classical classrooms. Nowadays, we have met with mobile devices. Mobile devices are magic tools which can be used for teaching and learning as a distance. Because of its mobility we do not need to join a classical classroom to listen to courses offered by our teachers any more. Now, we can join in virtual classroom which can be established on cloud. On the other hand, there are many social media applications which can be also used for teaching and learning. For example, it is now possible to teach courses by online where Facebook can be used as a supplementary tool. There are instructors who use Facebook as a learning environment where instructors and learners interact simultaneity on it. The Facebook has made a significant contribution towards solving the problems faced by practical education students during the period of practical education. There is an increasing trend in the study community to use Facebook in order to solve these problems. The aim of this research is to encourage instructors and students to teach and learn by using Facebook as part of a new system of education, namely online distance learning. In this study we explain how mobile devices and social media have been used during teaching and learning of courses at master studies’ level at the Department of Software Engineering of College of Technology at Firat University in Turkey. We will explore the advantages and disadvantages of Facebook in terms of teaching and learning environment and we will suggest some recommendations for using Facebook as a teaching and learning platform which have been resulted from our research.      
Spatial Multivariate Cluster Analysis for Defining Target Population of Environments in West Africa for Yam Breeding
Authors: Alabi Tunrayo R. , Adebola Patrick Olusanmi , Asfaw Asrat , De Koeyer David , Lopez-Montes Antonio , Asiedu Robert
Published: October 2018

Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is a major staple crop with high agricultural and cultural significance for over 300 million people in West Africa. Despite its importance, productivity is miserably low. A better understanding of the environmental context in the region is essential to unlock the crop's potential for food security and wealth creation. The article aims to characterize the production environments into homologous mega-environments, having operational significance for breeding research. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed separately on environmental data related to climate, soil, topography, and vegetation. Significant PCA layers were used in spatial multivariate cluster analysis. Seven clusters were identified for West Africa; four were country-specific; the rest were region-wide in extent. Clustering results are valuable inputs to optimize yam varietal selection and testing within and across the countries in West Africa. The impact of breeding research on poverty reduction and problems of market accessibility in yam production zones were highlighted.
Perception of women on the care in the childbirth: contributions to nursing - doi: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v35i2.10442
Authors: Brasil Eysler Gonçalves Maia , Queiroz Maria Veraci Oliveira , Fernandes Ana Fátima Carvalho , Costa Rachel Franklin da , Xavier Emanuelle De Oliveira
Published: October 2018

This study aimed to understand the perception of women regarding the care received during delivery/birth, and discuss the precepts of integrality according to humanization of care. This was a qualitative research study, performed at a tertiary care public hospital in Fortaleza, Ceará State, Brazil. The research subjects were 13 women whose deliveries were made in that unit, and invited to take part in the focal group featuring the following themes: women’s perception about the care received; the relationship with the professionals of the obstetrics and neonatal units; satisfaction with the assistance provided by the hospital at the time of delivery and birth. The data were subjected to thematic category content analysis. The women emphasized the good assistance received, consisting of care and dedication by the professionals. They showed the importance of correct and detailed information, but observed miscommunication and lack of a user-professional bond, due to the large number of professionals working in the unit. Nevertheless, they were satisfied with the assistance received. Positive aspects of the assistance were evidenced, but it is essential that the professional-user relationship be improved, in order to meet the humanization perspectives of care, which are also anchored on integrality.
Acute adjustments of heart rate and oxygen consuption in an experimental protocol of step training with diferent combinations of platform height and musical rhythms - doi: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v35i2.11669
Authors: Ávila Viviane Ribeiro de , Frade Renato Duarte , Damasceno Vinicius De Oliveira , Vianna Jeferson , Lima Jorge Roberto Perrout de , Novaes Jefferson Da Silva
Published: October 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate adaptations acute heart rate (HR) and oxygen consumption (VO2) in an experimental protocol of step training with different combinations of platform height (15.2, 20.3 and 25.4 cm) and musical rhythms (125, 135 and 145 bpm). Thirty-five women were randomly selected, (mean ± DP) aged 21.6 ± 1.8 years, body weight of 57.8 ± 8.2 kg, height of 162.6 ± 6.8 cm, body mass index of 21.8 ± 2.5 kg m-2 and fat percentage (% Fat) of 24.8 ± 4.4%, with at least six months experience in step training sessions, and a frequency of at least two days a week. Techniques of descriptive and inferential statistics were employed. A significant difference was detected for the HR and VO2 in relation to the increase in step platform height and in musical rhythm for all the combinations, except for three situations. From the obtained results, we can infer that the cardiovascular and metabolic responses increase or decrease according to the musical rhythm and/or platform height.
Profile of patients submitted to gastroplasty in the university hospital of Maringá - Paraná State during 2008-2009 - doi: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v35i2.12019
Authors: Hashimoto Kazuyuki , Takahashi Mirian Hideco
Published: October 2018

This study evaluated the profile of patients submitted to gastroplasty in the University Hospital of Maringá during 2008-2009. Clinical charts were analyzed to obtain clinical and laboratory data of all patients with morbid obesity submitted to gastroplasty. During the study period, 28 surgeries were performed, 57% of the patients lived in Maringá, 82% female, 40 years average age, with mean body mass index (BMI) of 46.7kg m-2. It was verified that 39% of the patients maintained an usual non-hypocaloric diet, 25% had quoted dietary reeducation, 36% were sedentary, and 29% practiced some physical activity, and remaining 1/3 of patients presented no data about lifestyle. Regarding associated pathologies, 79% were hypertensive, and 71% of patients presented fasting glucose above 100 mg dL-1, but only 12 of them had diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The hospital stay length was 4 days for 89% of the patients, and 11% had surgery complications. In this group of subjects, there was a clear preponderance of females and high prevalence of other pathologies. Identifying the profile of obese patients contributes to more effective decision-making and emphasizes the crucial role of multidisciplinary approach to health promotion and prevention of early and late complications of morbid obesity and gastroplasty.
Chlorophyllin in the intra-uterine development of mice exposed or not to cyclophosphamide - doi: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v35i2.12470
Authors: Leite Vessia Silva , Oliveira Rodrigo Juliano , Kanno Tatiane Yumi Nakamura , Mantovani Mario Sergio , Moreira Estefânia Gastaldello , Salles Maria José Sparça
Published: October 2018

Chlorophyllin, a sodium-copper salt synthesized from chlorophyll, has already proved to have anticlastogenic, antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic activity, however few are the studies in the teratogenicity area. The present study evaluated the effects of chlorophyllin in intra-uterine development of mice exposed or not to cyclophosphamide. Pregnant females were divided into 8 groups of 15 animals each, G01 - PBS (0.1 mL 10.0-1 g) orally; G02 – cyclophosphamide (20.0 mg kg-1) i.p.; G03, G04 and G05 - chlorophyllin at concentrations of (5.0, 10.0 and 15.0 mg kg-1) orally; G06, G07 and G08 (5.0, 10.0 and 15.0 mg kg-1) orally, of chlorophyllin, respectively, and (20.0 mg kg-1) i.p. of cyclophosphamide. In the 18th day the females were submitted to laparotomy and females and fetuses analyzed. The results showed that the chlorophyllin was not effective in protecting the reproductive parameters as well as teratogenicity. Finally, it was observed that the presence of chlorophyllin increased the frequency of some malformations when combined with cyclophosphamide. However, it was not teratogenic and not embryo lethal in this experimental design.
Physical and chemical analysis of commercial nystatin - doi: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v35i2.12769
Authors: Brescansin Edeilza Gomes , Portilho Márcia , Pessine Francisco Benedito Teixeira
Published: October 2018

Nystatin (NYS) is a fermentation-produced antibiotic of the polyene group. Commercial NYS is a mixture of compounds named NIS A1, A2 and A3. Current analysis undertook physical and chemical analyses in two samples of commercial nystatin (NYS I and NYS II). Moisture (Karl Fischer), spectroscopic (IR, UV and fluorescence) and thermal analyses (TGA and DSC) were conducted. The moisture was respectively 9.2% and 8.8% for samples I and II. Absorption spectrum in the UV/VIS region had a vibronic structure with three lmax.. The mirror image rule was not complied with in the fluorimetric analysis. Spectroscopy analysis in the IV region indicated that samples showed spectra similar one to another, analogous to crystal type A. Thermal analyses by DSC provided a wide, single endothermal peak and, therefore, similarities among the samples. DTG shows that samples undergo decomposition at three phases within the temperature range under analysis. Results show that samples are impure and not polymorphic, constituted by a mixture of the compounds A1, A2 and A3.
Perceptions of the family facing the diagnosis and information about chronic disease in childhood - doi: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v35i2.13691
Authors: Nóbrega Vanessa Medeiros da , Silva Kenya De Lima , Reichert Altamira Pereira da Silva , Coutinho Simone Elizabete Duarte , Collet Neusa
Published: October 2018

This study aimed to analyze the perceptions of the family to the diagnosis of chronic disease in childhood; and to assess, from the perspective of the families, the information provided by health professionals. This is a qualitative, descriptive-exploratory study based on the testimonials of families living in João Pessoa, State of Paraíba, whose children had been admitted to a public hospital. The empirical data was produced between November 2008 and January 2009 through participant observation and open interviews. In the analysis, the data were grouped into the following categories: perceptions and feelings of the families on the diagnosis of chronic disease in childhood; and information as a tool for the families deal with the adversities. The results revealed that, despite the long wait, the moment of the final diagnosis is hard and the families need support to overcome the situation and create coping strategies to play their new roles. The family needs to feel safe and confident in its ability to care for the child, which requires information. Shortcomings were verified in the communication between health professionals and family members, especially during hospitalization. The feelings that emerge in the course of chronic illness should not be ignored, but worked together with the family.
Socioeconomic profile of children hospitalized by community acquired pneumonia - doi: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v35i2.18746
Authors: Strabelli Thaisa Mara Bersani , Botura Clarissa De Albuquerque , Maciel Marco Aurélio , Mazzutti Cristiane , Bridi Adriana , Freitas Luna Pereira
Published: October 2018

Acute respiratory infections are frequent and are the leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to verify the socioeconomic profile of children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia. We realized a prospective study where social data were collected by direct interview conducted with parents and guardians and supplemented by information from medical records of children under five years of age hospitalized in wards at Hospital Infantil Pequeno Príncipe in the city of Curitiba. All children had clinical and radiological diagnosis of pneumonia. Twenty-two children were included in the study so. Eighteen children (82%) had family incomes below three minimum wages. In 36% (n = 8) of cases the mother worked outside the home. Living with household smokers was also observed in 36% of cases. Elementary education was found in 82% of mothers. Seventeen children (77%) were breastfed for less than six months. Nine children attended day care. Less than 14% (n = 3) of the children were daughters of teenage mothers. This study underscored the importance of socioeconomic factors on the morbidity of community pneumonia in childhood, being family income, maternal education and early weaning the factors most frequently rated among the internees.
Overweight as hypertension risk prediction in bus drivers - doi: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v35i2.9084
Authors: Smolarek André De Camargo , Dellagrana Rodolfo André , Campos Wagner De , Mascarenhas Luis Paulo Gomes , Laat Erivelton Fontana de , Silva Michael Pereira da
Published: October 2018

Blood pressure (BP) has been currently associated with several risk markers in cardiovascular diseases and excess body weight although there is only slight evidence on the association of Body Mass Index (BMI) with BP in bus drivers. Current analysis verified the association of BMI with BP in bus drivers and the risk of individuals with excess weight within the context of high blood pressure. The sample consisted of 75 bus drivers who had their BMI and BP evaluated. Statistical analysis was descriptive and Pearson correlation and odds-ratio were p < 0.05. A significant relationship between BMI and blood pressure, namely, r = 0.438 (p < 0.05) was evident. Individuals with weight excess weight were 4.04 times more likely to have high blood pressure (p < 0.05). Results showed individuals with excess weight were more likely to develop high blood pressure conditions.
Die herlewing van 'n ou definisie van praktiese teologie
Authors: De Wet J.I.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Die herontdekking van George Berkeley in kontemporêre Britse Filosofie
Authors: Antonites A.J.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Die Filosoof as aktief-betrokke denker
Authors: Kilian C.J.G.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Heidegger. Denker in die skaduwee van die Nihilisme
Authors: Schoeman M.J.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Aesthetic subunits of the trunk: Anatomy and behavior of skin and adipose tissue in each unit for better outcomes in liposuction
Authors: Parashar Sanjay , Venkataram Aniketh
Published: October 2018

Background: Liposuction and abdominal contouring is one of the most common procedures performed by plastic surgeons worldwide. Surprisingly, there has been few attempts at dividing the abdomen into subunits to delineate and aid in this endeavour. We have evolved a system of abdominal aesthetic subunits which has enabled us to achieve high quality results. Materials and Methods: A system of 8 subunits of the abdomen was evolved after analysing 1000 cases: Upper midline, upper rectus, lower rectus, pubic, Lateral abdomen, Lumbar Posterior midline and Bra Roll. Results: The system was used in 2000 cases with good results. The system enabled the performance of tailored liposuction in each area, with greater accuracy, better results and fewer complications. Conclusion: Our success with this classification validates its use, and makes liposuction more scientific and effective.
Scalp replantation in a cervical spine injury patient: Lessons learnt
Authors: Malmande Vithal , Rao Naveen , Biradar Amaresh , Bansal Abhilash , Dutt Chandrika
Published: October 2018

Total scalp avulsion injury with cervical spine injury is rare. This article is to describe the technical difficulties and precautions to be taken during anatomical replantation. The patients with cervical spine injury should not be considered as an absolute contraindication for anatomical replant if patients are fit for general anaesthesia. We found that the supratrochlear and supraorbital vessels which are anterior and superficial temporal vessels which are lateral can be used to replant without much technical difficulty. We conclude that anatomical replant is always better keeping in mind the technical limitations of anatomical replant in case of cervical spine injury.
Correlation of compound muscle action potential generated by donor nerves with the recovery of elbow flexion in Oberlin transfer in brachial plexus injury
Authors: Thatte Mukund Ramchandra , Raut Binita Bharat , Hiremath Amita Shivyogi , Nehete Sushil Ramesh , Nayak Nayana Somala
Published: October 2018

Objective: To study the correlation of compound muscle action potential of donor nerves with the recovery of elbow flexion in Oberlin transfer in brachial plexus injury. Introduction: Distal nerve transfer using motor fascicle of ulnar or median nerve to restore elbow flexion is a part of reconstructive surgery after upper brachial plexus injury, first described by Oberlin et al. However, one of the most critical influences on functional outcome is number of functioning motor axons in donor fascicle which is reflected by its compound muscle action potential. We studied whether nerve transfers with donor nerves showing higher amplitudes will yield better reinnervation of muscle and therefore better function as estimated by clinical examination. Methods: We prospectively studied 30 cases of upper brachial plexus injury, of which were treated with Oberlin transfer using ulnar or median or both nerves. The prerequisites were no elbow flexion and hand and wrist flexors showing the power of more than Medical research Council MRC Grade 4. Donor nerves selected either ulnar or median having CMAP >4 mv in our electrophysiology laboratory during nerve conduction study. Patients were followed up for 1 year and assessed clinically for restoration of elbow flexion, weight tolerance. Results: A total of 30 patients of Oberlin transfer were evaluated for improvement power of biceps and elbow flexion. (MRC) grading was done at 1 year. Twenty-seven patients had a good result (MRC grade ≥3), i.e., 90% of patients. Based on the MRC grades, we categorised the patients into two groups as follows: Group A and Group B. Group A included patients with MRC Grade 4–5 and Group B included Grades 3–3.5. We tried to establish a correlation between CMAP and MRC scores by comparison of MRC grade patients for their pre CMAPs which revealed a statistically significant higher CMAPs between the groups. (Mann–Whitney U-test, P = 0.028). This indicates the association of higher pre-CMAPs with higher MRC grades. Conclusion: We conclude that higher the compound muscle action potential of donor nerves, better the recovery of elbow flexion in Oberlin transfer in brachial plexus injury.
Birth palsy in congenital varicella syndrome: A lesson in anatomy
Authors: Sankaran Ajeesh , Bhardwaj Praveen , Venkatramani Hari , Sabapathy Shanmuganathan Raja
Published: October 2018

While brachial plexus palsy sustained due to birth trauma is well known, congenital palsies are decidedly rare. We report such a case caused by congenital varicella syndrome, with associated congenital Horner's syndrome and heterochromia iridis. The surprising juxtaposition of a classic upper plexus palsy and a Horner's syndrome raises points of interest. Similar reports in literature are reviewed, and the genesis of a very characteristic group of findings is discussed.
Интегрируемые системы алгебраического происхождения и разделение переменных
Authors: Sheinman Oleg Karlovich
Published: October 2018

Плоская алгебраическая кривая, многоугольник Ньютона которой содержит $d$ целочисленных точек, полностью определяется заданием $d$ точек плоскости, через которые она проходит. Ее коэффициенты, рассматриваемые как функции наборов координат этих точек, коммутируют относительно скобки Пуассона, соответствующей паре координат любой из точек. Это наблюдение сделано Бабелоном и Талоном (2002). Результат, более общий в некоторых отношениях, и менее общий в других, получен Энрикесом и Рубцовым (2003). Как частный случай, мы получаем, что коэффициенты интерполяционного полинома Лагранжа коммутируют относительно скобок Пуассона, заданных на данных интерполяции. Мы доказываем общее утверждение в рамках метода разделения переменных, которое объясняет все эти факты. Оно таково: каждая (невырожденная) система $n$ гладких функций от $n+2$ переменных порождает интегрируемую систему с $n$ степенями свободы. Кроме уже упомянутых, примеры включают в себя версию интерполяционного полинома Эрмита, системы, связанные с моделями Вейерштрасса кривых (= миниверсальными деформациями особенностей). Недавно интегрируемая система, связанная с интерполяционным полиномом Лагранжа, возникла как редукция гиперэллиптических систем Хитчина ранга два (таким образом давая ее частные решения - Шейнман, доклады РАН, готовится к печати), а ее квантовый аналог - при изучении интегрируемых систем, связанных с симметрическими степенями кривых (Бухштабер-Михайлов, 2017).
О некоторых свободных алгебрах автоморфных форм
Authors: Vinberg Ernest Borisovich
Published: October 2018

Доказывается, что при $n=8,9,10$ естественная алгебра автоморфных форм группы $O^+_{2,n}(\mathbb{Z})$, действующей в $n$-мерной симметрической области типа IV, свободна, и находятся веса ее образующих. Это расширяет результаты, полученные в предыдущей работе автора для $n\le 7$. С другой стороны, как было доказано в недавней совместной работе автора и О. В. Шварцмана, для $n>10$ подобные алгебры автоморфных форм не могут быть свободными.
Dripping pink and blue
Authors: Clover Darlene , Taber Nancy , Sanford Kathy
Published: October 2018

In response to calls by feminist cultural theorists to develop means to unmask patriarchy, the system of power that lies at the heart of museums that maintain problematic hierarchical binaries of masculinity and femininity, we designed the Feminist Museum Hack. The Hack draws on theories of representation, feminist critical discourse analysis and visual methodologies/literacy to operate as a critical and creative practice that can be adapted to any museum context. The primary aim of the Hack – a methodology and pedagogy – is to provide a lens through which adults can see the unseen of patriarchy and how it hides so cleverly in plain sight in the museum’s practices of representation. In this article, we use examples of how we have used the Hack as researchers and educators in various museum settings to expose, decode and disrupt the hegemonic gendered messages in the images, displays, curatorial statements, labels and even in object placement and stagecrafting. We also show how the Hack functions as a practice of ‘direct agency’, a means to re-write and engage with museum narratives. We argue that the Hack is an important and innovative practice because it turns museums into spaces of ‘pedagogic possibility’ – sites where we can learn new strategies of feminist opposition to counter the male gaze and its ability to define women’s lives.