bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF ORAL NON-CANDIDA ALBICANS CANDIDA CARRIAGE IN DENTURE WEARERS IN SANA'A CITY- YEMEN
Authors: Abdulsalam Al-Haddad Khaled , Al-dossary Omar Ahmed Esma’il , A. Al-Shamahy Hassan
Published: September 2018

The objective of this study was to contrast the prevalence and species of colonization of Non-Candida albicans (NCAC) in the oral cavity of denture wearers and non-denture wearers; also asses associated risk factors of their colonization.
A total of 208 subjects were studied: 104 denture wearers and 104 non-denture wearers, matched by age, sex, comprised the experimental control groups, respectively. Each subject was instructed to perform oral rinsing using a phosphate-buffered saline solution, which was expectorated processed for the recovery of Candida species on on Sabouraud dextrose agar. Isolates were identified by culturing on chromogenic Candida agar noting species-specific colony characteristics. There was a significant oral carriage rate of NCAC among denture wearers (5.83% versus 11.1% in controls) with associated risk factor (5.4) (PV<0.001). The most common isolated NCAC were C. Krusi  C.tropicalis with significant OR (5.5  4.7 respectively). When co-infections were considered, there was highly significant association of C. albicans + C. krusi oral colonization in cases (OR=4.56, PV<0.001). There was a significant oral carriage rate of NCAC among male denture wearers (36.9%, OR=6.6, PV˂0.001). In addition, there was a significant rate of NCAC colonization with complete denture (rate= 50%, OR=2.4, PV= 0.02). While no significant increase associated with colonization of NCAC with partial, acrylic /or chrome cobalt denture.  Based on the results of this study ability of NCAC were greater in denture wearers than non-denture wearers, also greater risk of NCAC were found with males, older ages, complete denture.
IN VITRO ANTI-LEISHMANIAL ACTIVITY AGAINST CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIA PARASITES AND PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF FOUR YEMENI MEDICINAL PLANTS
Authors: Ali Al- Hajj Manal Mutahar , Al-Shamahy Hassan A , Alkhatib Bushra Y , Moharram Bushra A
Published: September 2018

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is one form of leishmaniasis that chiefly infected the poor sections of the society. The prototypical therapeutic interventions in vogue are handicapped due to toxicity and an alarming increase in drug resistance. Furthermore, the absence of vaccines has raised the quest for alternative therapies. So, the aim of our study was to assess the anti-leishmanial activity of Euphorbia cactus Ehrenb, Euphorbia ammak Forssk, Euphorbia inarticulate Schweinf, and Pergularia tomentosa L. The extracts of plants were prepared by maceration method and by Soxhlet extractor. The extracts were dried and re-dissolved in 2% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) 1% solvent.  Leishmania spp. cells were then tested with serial concentrations (15.6 μgml-1 to 500 μg ml-1 ) of the extracts, using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthazolk-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. All experiments were performed in triplicate and analyzed by ANOVA test. The optical density values as measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) were used to calculate the IC50 values.  The results indicated that the methanolic latex extract of Euphorbia cactus Ehrenb, Euphorbia ammak Forssk had potent anti-leishmanial activity against the promastigotes of Leishmania spp. based on a dose-dependent response analysis. The IC50 values for Euphorbia cactus Ehrenb and Euphorbia ammak Forssk after 24h incubation against Leishmania spp. promastigotes were less than <15.6 μgml-1. Furthermore, the phytochemical analysis of methanolic extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, phytosterols, phenols, saponins, and flavonoids in which these components have been proven previously to be the active compounds against Leishmania parasite. In conclusion, the present study reveals that latex extract of Euphorbia cactus Ehrenb and Euphorbia ammak Forssk contain active compounds that have anti-leishmanial activity, which could serve as an alternative agent in the treatment of Cutaneous leishmaniasis, but further studies would, therefore, be needed to assess the activity of these materials of this plants in vivo clinical response and study their toxicity on cell lines.
AWARENESS AMONGST YOUTH ABOUT USE AND ABUSE OF STEROIDS IN KARACHI, PAKISTAN
Authors: Khan Auwais Ahmed , Ghayas Sana , Mehtab Amna , Aaiman Umm-e- , Idrees Mehak , Anjum Fakhsheena
Published: September 2018

Aim of present study was to analyze awareness regarding the use of steroids in the youth studying health sciences.  A descriptive, observational study was conducted from September to December 2017. Youth studying health sciences aged 21–25 years in Karachi were recruited for the study, among which (n=179) 50.99% were pharmacy students and (n=172) 49% were studying allied health sciences. Descriptive statistics (SPSS version 16.0) was used to analyze the results. Out of 400 questionnaires, the response rate was 87.75%. Majority students were knowledgeable about steroids and (72.64%) agreed that steroids should be sold as prescription only medicine in Pakistan (p= 0.00).Most of them n=147 (41.88%) had no idea about various modes of steroid abuse (p=0.00).Many participants (n= 109;31.05%) thought that steroids were found in toothpaste and dentifrices, cosmetics and ophthalmic preparations; n= 135 (38.46%) had no idea whether or not the steroids had interactions with opiates and cocaine, alcohol and benzodiazepines. The perception was seen in n= 118 (33.61%) persons that nutritional alternative/supplements could be used to reduce steroid abuse; n= 79 (22.50%) used steroids for grooming upon prescription by medical practitioner. Allergic reactions were thought as the mild side effects of steroid use by n= 100 (28.24%) while n= 166 (47.29%) considered kidney and liver diseases as severe side effects of steroid use (p=0.00).  It was noted that comprehensive information about the steroids was required by youth since they were studying health sciences. Some modifications in the curriculum have to be made for providing more information about substances like steroids to the health sciences students as steroids have a great impact not only physically but also psychologically.
Arah Kebijakan Kesehatan Mental: Tren Global dan Nasional Serta Tantangan Aktual
Authors: Ridlo Ilham Akhsanu , Zein Rizqy Amelia
Published: September 2018

AbstractGlobally, during the last three decades, mental health has played significant role in regards to thediscourse of global health policy. Since two decades ago, WHO has firmly defined health as a roundedstate of condition where an individual reach “...not merely the absence of the illness, but also achievementof physical, mental and social well-being.” WHO’s definition of health implies a significant impact onglobal health policy – all members of states should adhere their health policy to this definition. TheGlobal Burden of Disease study carried out by IHME (The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)in 2012 that mapped out the burden of disease around the world revealed an appalling fact namelyworsened mental health condition. Years lost due to disability (YLD) study mentioned that 6 out to 20diseases that were most responsible in causing disability were mental illnesses. Therefore, this articleaimed to describe the mental illness prevalence in global and national level by reviewing several mentalillness epidemiological studies. Additionally, this article highlighted some of important challenges thatshould be considered by healthcare service providers and policymakers in tackling mental health issues,which are treatment gap and mental health stigma.Keywords: Mental Health Policy, Global and National Prevalence, Treatment Gap

AbstrakSecara global, dalam kurun waktu 30 tahun terakhir, isu mengenai kesehatan mental memainkanperan penting dalam perumusan kebijakan kesehatan global. Sejak dua dekade yang lalu, WHOmengeluarkan definisi sehat sebagai suatu kondisi dimana seorang indvidu mencapai “...tak sekedarbebas dari penyakit, melainkan mampu mencapai kesejahteraan fisik, mental dan sosial.” Definisidari WHO tersebut berkonsekuensi besar dalam perumusan kebijakan kesehatan mental, dimanaseluruh negara anggotanya harus menyandarkan garis besar kebijakan kesehatannya pada definisi ini.Studi mengenai Global Burden of Disease yang diselenggarakan oleh IHME (The Institute for HealthMetrics and Evaluation) mengungkapkan bahwa ada tren yang menunjukkan bahwa kondisi kesehatanmental menjadi ancaman serius. Studi mengenai jumlah tahun yang hilang akibat disabilitas (YLD)menyebutkan bahwa 6 dari 20 penyakit yang paling bertanggung jawab menyebabkan disabilitasadalah penyakit mental. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan prevalensigangguan mental dalam skup global dan nasional dengan cara meninjau beberapa riset epidemiologisyang berfokus pada gangguan mental. Selain itu, artikel ini akan membahas mengenai isu-isu pentingyang merupakan tantangan bagi pelayanan kesehatan mental di Indonesia yang harus ditanggapi seriusoleh penyedia layanan kesehatan mental dan pembuat kebijakan, yaitu kesenjangan perawatan danstigma.Kata kunci: Kebijakan Kesehatan Mental, Prevalensi Global dan Nasional, Kesenjangan
Maíces nativos de Guanacaste, Costa Rica: caracterización de los granos
Authors: Oreamuno Fonseca Patricia , Monge Pérez José Eladio
Published: September 2018

No existe información sobre caracterización de los granos de maíces nativos de Costa Rica. De abril a agosto de 2013, recolectamos muestras de granos de maíces (Zea mays L.) nativos (también llamados criollos) presentes en los cantones de Nicoya y Hojancha, de la provincia de Guanacaste, Costa Rica, mediante visitas a diversos agricultores de esa zona. Hicimos una caracterización de los granos de cinco maíces nativos (Amarillo, Congo, Piquinitillo, Pujagua y Rocarina), tanto a nivel cualitativo (tres variables) como cuantitativo (siete variables). Se presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre fenotipos en el caso de las variables cuantitativas. Los datos mostraron una amplia variabilidad en cuanto a la longitud del grano (9,10 – 11,96 mm), ancho del grano (6,41 – 9,12 mm), grosor del grano (3,27 – 4,49 mm), índice longitud/ancho del grano (1,17 – 1,77), índice longitud/grosor del grano (2,24 – 3,69), índice ancho/grosor del grano (1,71 – 2,39), y peso de 100 granos (16,80 – 30,60 g). Esta es la primera vez que se informa sobre la existencia de los maíces Piquinitillo y Rocarina en Costa Rica, y también la primera vez que se informa sobre la caracterización de los granos de maíces nativos de Costa Rica.
Uso de residuos agroindustriales en previveros de palma aceitera (Elaeis guineensis, Arecaceae): crecimiento y absorción de nutrimentos
Authors: Madrigal-Valverde Ángel , Garbanzo-León Gabriel
Published: September 2018

La palma aceitera es un cultivo importante que necesita mejores métodos de producción. Evaluamos los residuos industriales para la variedad Deli x Nigeria en pre-viveros: mezclas volumétricas (10 y 20%) de racimos de frutas vacías de palma aceitera (EFB, por sus siglas en inglés), lodos industriales y cenizas industriales con suelo (80 y 90%). Las bolsas de vivero se llenaron con mezcla en un diseño de bloques al azar restringido. Las variables se evaluaron a los 45 y 90 días después de la siembra. Encontramos que el tratamiento con 80% de suelo + 20% de EFB (S20F) aumentó la longitud y el diámetro de la hoja, la biomasa, el diámetro del bulbo y la longitud de la raíz. También aumentó la absorción de nutrientes en todas las mezclas. La concentración de Mg, K, P, Zn y S fue mayor que en el suelo. Los desechos industriales permiten una reducción significativa en los fertilizantes para los previveros.
Modelo de vulnerabilidad ante incendios forestales para el Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica
Authors: Vargas-Sanabria Daniela , Campos-Vargas Carlos
Published: September 2018

Los incendios forestales ocurren en casi todos los tipos de ecosistemas; sin embargo, la vulnerabilidad y capacidad de programación de los incendios depende en gran medida de la cantidad de combustible y el contenido de humedad. Los bosques secos tropicales en particular son un ecosistema vulnerable a los incendios, ya que durante al menos 6 meses por año reciben una precipitación de menos a 10mm por mes. La evaluación de la vulnerabilidad es una herramienta crítica en la prevención de incendios forestales, al estimar los sitios más vulnerables al fuego. El objetivo de este estudio fue implementar un modelo de vulnerabilidad ante incendios forestales que permita definir áreas prioritarias para el control del fuego en el Área de Conservación Guanacaste (ACG). El modelo se diseñó integrando componentes ecológicos como calidad visual y biodiversidad, y componentes socioeconómicos como infraestructura y servicios ecosistémicos presentes en el ACG. Nuestros resultados indican que las áreas más vulnerables a incendios forestales en el AGC existen una presencia alta de especies de alto valor ecológico y mayor desarrollo de servicios ecosistémicos. Por otro lado, las zonas que se encuentran cerca de comunidades y carreteras son menos vulnerables; sin embargo, presentan una mayor incidencia de incendios forestales. Se espera que este modelo puede ser adaptado en otras áreas silvestres protegidas con características ecológicas y socioeconómicas a las del AGC y que se vean afectadas por incendios forestales, tomando en consideración las particularidades de cada sitio.
Integration of Around-the-Clock Clinical Pharmacy Specialists Into the Critical Care Team Can Increase Safety of Hyperglycemic Crisis Management
Authors: Noll Krista M. , Franck Andrew J. , Hendrickson Andrew L. , Telford Evan D. , Maltese Dietrich Nicole
Published: September 2018

IN BRIEF “Quality Improvement Success Stories” are published by the American Diabetes Association in collaboration with the American College of Physicians, Inc., and the National Diabetes Education Program. This series is intended to highlight best practices and strategies from programs and clinics that have successfully improved the quality of care for people with diabetes or related conditions. Each article in the series is reviewed and follows a standard format developed by the editors of Clinical Diabetes. The following article describes an effort to improve the safety of hyperglycemic crisis management at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center by making clinical pharmacy specialists available to the critical care team 24 hours/day.
Los trabajadores de los Talleres Gráficos de la Nación. De las tramas sindicales a la concentración estatal (1934-1940)
Authors: Rivera Mir Sebastián
Published: September 2018

El presente artículo busca analizar los procesos que afectaron a los trabajadores de los Talleres Gráficos de la Nación durante el cardenismo. Se busca comprender a partir de su experiencia un fragmento de la historia de la constitución del Estado posrevolucionario y sus mecanismos para relacionarse con su propia burocracia. Metodológicamente, el texto se propone articular lo intra estatal con aquellas presiones provenientes desde afuera del Estado, incluyendo las negociaciones entre las distintas dependencias gubernamentales. De ese modo se pretende observar cómo los trabajadores y sus proyectos políticos se vieron implicados como actores en un modo particular de construcción del Estado. A nivel de fuentes se ha recurrido a distintos repositorios estatales y a libros y folletos producidos por los mismos Talleres, buscando dotar de distintas perspectivas el análisis aquí presentado.
Ensino do handebol em longo prazo: estudo a partir da opinião de treinadores
Authors: Menezes Rafael Pombo
Published: September 2018

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a preferência/utilização dos métodos de ensino por treinadores de handebol em quatro categorias (sub-12, sub-14, sub-16 e sub-18). Para isso foi elaborado um instrumento de entrevista semiestruturada e aplicado a treinadores do Estado de São Paulo. O Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo foi o método adotado para a tabulação e análise dos discursos, o que permitiu explorar as ideias centrais também em termos quantitativos. Os resultados apontaram particularidades entre as opiniões dos treinadores quando comparadas a alguns modelos descritos na literatura. Destaca-se, especialmente, a presença do método analítico-sintético na categoria sub-12, a presença do método global-funcional em todas as categorias e a crescente preferência/utilização referente ao método situacional. Conclui-se que os resultados apontaram características específicas a um grupo de treinadores do Estado de São Paulo, revelando um importante campo de investigação no âmbito do ensino do handebol.
Impacto social de los graduados de la Licenciatura en Educación Física, Recreación y Deporte UNIMINUTO
Authors: Urrea Pedro Nel , Bernate Jayson Andrey , Fonseca Ingrid , Martínez Adriana
Published: September 2018

Esta investigación propone reflexionar acerca del impacto social de los egresados de la universidad MINUTO DE DIOS, concretamente de los graduados de   la licenciatura de educación física recreación y deporte, en las cohortes de 2014-10 (Primer semestre) hasta 2017-60 (segundo semestre). El desarrollo de este estudio se dio mediante actividades centradas en temas incidencia social que destacaran la importancia y significancia de las competencias desarrolladas laboralmente por los egresados de la licenciatura, todas estas enmarcadas en la metodología y modelo pedagógico propuesto desde la universidad como gestora de los profesionales graduados. La población está conformada por 491 egresados y aleatoriamente se seleccionó como muestra 191 estudiantes de las cohortes 2014-10 (primer semestre) hasta 2017-60 (segundo semestre), con edades entre 22 y 40 años, 5 empleadores del área específica entre los que se encuentra: dos colegios privados, Una caja de compensación, liga de natación y un Gimnasio deportivo. Todos ubicados en Bogotá, Colombia. Para el estudio se aplicó la metodología cualitativa y los instrumentos utilizados fueron:   encuesta y entrevista abierta. Los resultados reflejan que los egresados tienen creatividad e innovación de servicio, a su vez la mayor la dificultad expresada por los Egresados es la limitada posibilidad de acceder actualización docente, lo que es fundamental para que los profesionales asuman un papel más dinámico y activo enmarcado en altos estándares de calidad, a su vez los empleadores identifican en el egresado gran calidad humana y axiológica.
Risk of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy after Repeated Contrast Medium Administration
Authors: Dinesch Violeta , Dinesch Mihail , Macarie Cosmin , Sirbu Ileana Voichita , Buruian Mircea
Published: September 2018

Objective: Non-invasive coronary computed tomography angiography is frequently used to exclude coronary artery disease in patients with low-to-intermediate pre-test probability because of the high negative predictive value. The strategy of coronary computed tomography angiography and subsequent invasive coronary angiography in case of positive findings has risks owing to repeated contrast medium administration and the possibility of contrast-induced nephropathy. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the changes in the serum creatinine level and estimated glomerular filtration rate (at baseline, 24 h, and 48 h after contrast administration) in patients with repeated contrast medium administration in order to evaluate contrast-induced nephropathy development. All patients were intravenously hydrated with 1000 ml sodium chloride (0.9%) per day during hospitalization. Results: The study included 17 patients. Of these patients, 7 (41.2%) had prior impaired renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73 m2). The mean coronary computed tomography angiography contrast medium (iopromide 769 mg/ml) volume was 114.11 ± 7.75 ml and the mean invasive coronary angiography contrast medium (iohexol 755 mg/ml) volume was 129.7 ± 19.24 ml. The serum creatinine level was significantly higher and the estimated glomerular filtration rate was significantly lower at 48 hours after the second contrast medium administration than at baseline (p = 0.05 and p = 0.03, respectively). None of the patients had contrast-induced nephropathy. Conclusion: Repeated contrast medium administration was not associated with contrast-induced nephropathy development at 48 hours after the second contrast medium administration, even in patients with prior impaired renal function.
Mathematical Models of Geometric Sizes of Cereal Crops’ Seeds as Dependent Random Variables
Authors: Inskyi Roman Kuzm , Kovalishyn Stefan , Kovalchyk Yurij , Sheremeta Roman
Published: September 2018

Dimensions of 100 randomly selected wheat seeds of the Smuglyanka variety, rye seeds of the Puhovchanka variety and barley seeds of the Pejas variety were determined by measuring their length (l), width (b) and thickness (h). Results of the measurements were processed by the methods of mathematical statistics; parameters of distributions of individual sizes as random variables were calculated. On the basis of values of variation coefficient, the density function of normal distribution (Gaussian distribution) was taken as a model of individual sizes of seeds. Models of two-dimensional distributions of seed sizes as independent random variables were presented. Correlation coefficients between geometric sizes of seeds were calculated. Obtained values of the correlation coefficients indicate that the geometric sizes of seeds should be considered as dependent random variables. Mathematical models of geometric sizes of studied cereal crops’ seeds as dependent random variables in the form of density functions of their normal distribution were proposed. By values of the sums of squared deviations as a fitting criterion, it was established that the mathematical models of geometric sizes of seeds as dependent random variables in the form of density functions of their normal distribution provide better data approximation than the mathematical models of geometric sizes of some cereal crops’ seeds as independent random variables.
Helminths infecting the cat-eyed snake Leptodeira annulata Linnaeus 1758 (Squamata: Dipsadidae) in a semiarid region of Brazil
Authors: Fernandes De Carvalho E. F. , Ferreira Da Silva-Neta A. , De Sousa Silva C. , De Oliveira C. R. , Da Cunha Xavier Nunes J. , Gonçalves De Souza T. , Ávila R. W.
Published: September 2018

Snakes have diverse feeding and living habits, being exposed to a variety of endoparasite communities. However, more studies are still necessary to document these relationships. We examined 18 specimens of the cat-eyed snake Leptodeira annulata from a semi-arid region in Northeast Brazil. Eight taxa of parasites were found, with higher prevalence of cystacanths (Acanthocephala). Five nematode species (Hexametra boddaertii, Oswaldocruzia sp., Oxyascaris sp., Physaloptera sp. and Raillietnema spectans) and the pentastome Raillietiella furcocerca represent a new parasitism record for the host studied. Our results also showed that L. annulata could act as paratenic host for acanthocephalans. These results contribute to the knowledge of the helminth fauna of L. annulata.
Child Marriage and the Failure of International Law: a Comparison of American, Indian, and Canadian Domestic Policies
Authors: Robles Marcy J.
Published: September 2018

What is child marriage? The recognized definition does not adequately encompass the experience of child marriage. Child marriage stems from many elements, including coercion, force, and economic deprivation. Furthermore, child marriages have a long-term effect on child spouses, ranging from psychological damage, to health complications, to education and personal limitations. This paper argues that current international treaties and agreements do not specifically or directly address the issue of child marriage. Of those that make an attempt to, fail as a result of lack of enforcement or too much deference to religion as an exception of child marriage prohibition. In comparing three countries – The United States, India, and Canada, it is clear that Canadian policies work best and should be implemented on a larger scale. Current U.S. policies do not fully combat the child marriage phenomena, and although it is ahead of India in this area, it still has a long way to go in terms of development.
Identifiaction and Authentication of Persons in Cyberspace in Selected States
Authors: Andraško Jozef
Published: September 2018

The author analyses different models of identification and authentication in selected states. First of all, the author explains the reason for choosing countries in question. Secondly, the author briefly analyses fundamental strategic documents and legal acts relating to eGovernment, in particular identification and authentication. In addition, the specific electronic identification means used in selected states will be analyzed. The analyze of different models of identification and authentication in selected states can lead to the identification of differences that arose within the comparison of various models. In the end, the author will summarize positive and negative aspects of analyzed models of identification and authentication. These findings are necessary in order to make a conclusion which electronic identification means could be applied in the Slovak Republic.
The Importance of the Directive 2011/83/EU for the Transposition of the Directive 1999/44/EC into the Polish Law in the Field of the Seller‘s Liability for Physical Defects of Goods
Authors: Hejbudzki Michał
Published: September 2018

The Author examines the importance of the Directive 2011/83/EU for the transposition of the Directive 1999/44/EC into Polish law in the field of seller‘s liability for physical defects in the item sold. These considerations were prompted by the Act on Consumer Rights of 30 May 2014 including the amended provisions on liability under warranty which entered into force in Poland on 25 December 2014. The aim of the considerations included in this article is to identify new limits of liability for the quality of goods, which were determined by revised provisions of the Civil Code resulting from the aforementioned Act and to show the significance of the implementation of the Directive 2011/83/EU into the Polish law for this process. The matter of the analysis was subjected to both the subjective limitations, i.e. it was reduced only to seller-consumer legal relationships, and to the objective limitations, i.e. related only to liability under warranty for physical defects resulting from sales contracts.
Farrell II and the Concept of an ‘Emanation of the State’
Authors: Bakhtina Krystyna Romanivna
Published: September 2018

The Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) has established that directives cannot produce horizontal direct effect and thus may only be invoked against the State or its emanations. In the recent Farrell 2 judgement, the Court has clarified the concept of an ‘emanation of the State’ which is crucial for the purposes of applying vertical direct effect. The aim of this paper is to analyse the concept of an ‘emanation of the State’ presented in Farrell 2 ruling. Further, the article highlights that the judgement is a positive development as it brings consistency to the EU case law and corresponds to the present realities when new ‘emanations’ are emerging with the special powers attributed by the State.
How can the grasslands under rainfall events modify water balance in drought conditions
Authors: Minea Gabriel , Tudor Georgiana , Stan Florentina-Iuliana , Ioana-Toroimac Gabriela , Zamfir Raluca
Published: September 2018

Taking into account the well-established influence of hillslopes grasslands on runoff processes, the purpose of this study was to investigate how grasslands can affect the water flow pathways on hillslopes, in drought conditions. This study was performed in experimental grassland at plot-scale (e.g., Festuca pratensis), in temperate humid continental climatic conditions of Curvature Subcarpathians, Romania. The rainfall, evapotranspiration, and soil moisture daily data, respectively 208 rainfall and 16 rainfall-runoff events data measured in grassland hills during the growing season (1 April up to 30 September 2015 and 2016) were used. Our results suggest that a runoff event response in extreme drought conditions occurs on grasslands only if precipitation exceeds the threshold of 31 mm Hortonian overland flow (HOF), while this threshold drops to 17 mm during moderate droughts and up to 8 mm for wet conditions. The rainfall events up to 16 mm proved to be insufficient to completely saturate the soil. Therefore, HOF has only a minor contribution in drought conditions, on grassland and light on bare soil. A complementary and negative effect of grasslands in drought conditions is the water resources suppressing on hillslopes.
Impact of climate change on the water requirements of the Bounamoussa perimeter, North-East of Algeria
Authors: Malkia Rabia , Etsouri Salim
Published: September 2018

The objective of this work is to determine the effects of climate change on the water needs of crops in the Bounamoussa perimeter, which is one of the large irrigation systems in the North-East of Algeria in order to predict a diagnosis of its operation. This region covers an area of 16,500 ha and is specialized in vegetable production.

The climatic trend of recent years in the study area is characterized by increasingly severe drought conditions that have compromised agricultural production at this perimeter. In this study, the results of the climatic parameters projected to 2050 and 2080 under the Climate Wizard program were used in the CropWat 8.0 program for estimating the future water requirements of crops, taking into account the three Scenarios (B1, A1B, A2) of greenhouse gases (GHGs). The Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) 4.5 program has also been used to generate future climatic parameters (temperatures and rains) to be compared with those of the climate wizard. The results obtained in 2050 and 2080 show a trend towards increasing temperatures and a fall in rainfall for all models and that the water requirements will be multiplied by 3 to 5 times the current needs. This situation will cause an imbalance in the operation of perimeter irrigation systems. Among the measures of adaptation to this situation in the first place is the change of the date of planting after calibration of the two models for all the cultures of the perimeter.
How species colonize gaps after soil disturbance in temporary ponds? Implication of species traits
Authors: Sahib Nargis
Published: September 2018

This work aims to review the existing theoretical literature and experiments on plant species colonising gaps after soil disturbance. It attempts to evaluate the various mechanisms by which plants regenerate among the soil openings within the Mediterranean temporary ponds. Intensity and frequency of disturbances are key factors in the response of communities. Knowing the specificity of plant strategies and the species assembly process is important for a better understanding of the impact of soil disturbance on the structure of temporary ponds community, and their mechanisms of resilience. Under the scope of these mechanisms, we will assess the contribution of seed bank by regrowth of buried seeds, vegetative propagules growth via clonal propagation and dispersion of propagules. Soil disturbance has a biotic effect on competition giving a chance to competitively inferior species.
Contents of selected macronutrients in bottom sediments of two water reservoirs and assessment of their suitability for natural use
Authors: Wójcikowska-Kapusta Anna , Smal Halina , Ligęza Sławomir
Published: September 2018

The purpose of the present study was to analyse the contents of calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium in bottom sediments of two water reservoirs. The chemical composition of the bottom sediments and the ratios between the studied macronutrients were assessed, taking into account the nutritional requirements of plants, to determine whether the sediments were suitable for use in natural/agricultural settings.

The study was conducted at two water reservoirs: the Brody Iłżeckie reservoir built on the Kamienna River in the Świętokrzyskie Province, and Zalew Zemborzycki, lake on the Bystrzyca River in the Lublin Province. Both bodies of water serve as flood water diversion and leisure facilities, and are also used, to a small extent, by the industry. They have a similar age and surface area. Bottom sediments were collected from the reservoirs a single time: 14 samples from Zalew Zemborzycki and 17 from Brody Iłżeckie. Samples were tested for total contents of Ca, Mg, K, and Na. The bottom sediments from Zalew Zemborzycki contained higher amounts of calcium, magnesium, and potassium than the material from Brody Iłżeckie. The values of ratios between K:Mg and K:(Ca + Mg) were similar for both reservoirs, and Ca:Mg and Ca:K were slightly more favourable for the sediments taken from Brody Iłżeckie.
The Development of Nanotechnologies and Advanced Materials Industry in Science and Entrepreneurship: Legal Indicators. A Case Study of Latvia (Part Four)
Authors: Geipele S. , Pudzis E. , Uzulens J. , Geipele I. , Zeltins N.
Published: September 2018

The present scientific paper is the fourth part and continuation of the in-depth scientific study of the developed system of engineering economic indicators, where the authors obtain results from the scientific research presented in a series of works on the development of the nanotechnologies and advanced materials industry in science and entrepreneurship in Latvia. Part Four determines the essential legal indicators of the development of nano-field at the macro, micro, and meso development levels of the economic environment in Latvia. The paper provides the interaction of new identified indicators of nano-field in terms of further scientific and practical activities. Latvia is analysed in comparison with other countries in the world.
Impact of Selected Personality Traits on Accountants’ Attitudes Toward Accounts Manipulation: Evidence From Slovenia
Authors: Horvat Robert
Published: September 2018

In the study, three selected personality traits were tested for their impact on Slovenian accountants’ attitudes toward accounts manipulation behavior. The main objective was to investigate if personality plays a role in how Slovenian accountants think and feel about this ethically problematic business practice. Responses from 310 chief accounting officers of Slovenian medium- and largesize companies were gathered via electronic survey, and correlational and regression analyses were performed to investigate relationships between selected personality traits and participants responses to the scenario, thus depicting accounts manipulation behavior in violation of generally accepted accounting principles. Only two of the observed personality traits (Machiavellianism and agreeableness) were found to be statistically significantly related to accountants’ attitudes, while the third one (locus of control) shows no such relationship. For both, Machiavellianism and agreeableness, the direction of the relationship with accountants’ attitudes is the same. The higher the levels of accountants’ Machiavellianism and agreeableness, the more positive their attitude toward observed accounts manipulation behavior.
Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility Synergies: A Systemic Approach
Authors: Nikolić Jelena , Zlatanović Dejana
Published: September 2018

Respecting the importance of corporate governance (CG), particularly various corporate governance mechanisms for improving corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities, the paper highlights relevant CG–CSR synergies from the perspective of systems thinking. The paper further aims to demonstrate the ways in which selected systems methodologies can support CG–CSR synergies. Accordingly, we selected appropriate systems methodologies, such as dialectical systems theory, soft systems methodology, and system dynamics. We defined the dialectical system, consisting of essential corporate governance mechanisms, which contribute to CSR; we also identified the key stakeholders and their perceptions of CG–CSR relations through CATWOE analysis; thus, the appropriate root definition and conceptual model, including the activities that are relevant for CG–CSR relations, were developed. Developed systemic framework provided a relevant methodological support to highlight the various issues of corporate governance, such as institutional framework, market for corporate control, ownership structure, board structure, and their contribution to CSR.
A Classification of Mathematical Sculpture
Authors: Zalaya Ricardo , Barrallo Javier
Published: September 2018

In this paper, we define the term Mathematical Sculpture, a task somehow complex. Also, we present a classification of mathematical sculptures as exhaustive and complete as possible. Our idea consists in establishing general groups for different branches of Mathematics, subdividing these groups according to the main mathematical concepts used in the sculpture design.
Turismemorfosis: Tahapan selama seratus tahun perkembangan dan prediksi pariwisata Bali
Authors: Anom I Putu , Suryasih Ida Ayu , Nugroho Saptono , Mahagangga I Gusti Agung Oka
Published: September 2018

Bali Tourism has grown for the hundred years, but there has never been a mapping of its developmental stages and its future predictions. This article examines the development of tourism in Bali in the past, present, and future predictions, as well as discourse in each stage. Data were collected by literature study, observation, and in-depth interviews with diachronic informants. The main theory used is critical evolution and genealogy. This article offers a model of tourismemorphosis as a stage of tourism development along with its paradigms including the introduction stage, reaction stage, institutional stage, and compromise stage. The prediction of future Bali tourism development is to remain at the compromise stage with the transtourism paradigm that is paradigm with the effort of adjusting all tourism components to respond to the big and rapid changes of tourism globally. Always compromise, Bali tourism stakeholders in the future are still demanded to be creative in the future, customary government, market dynamics, IT development, customs, and religious rituals to survive or even move forward.
Faktor-faktor penentu dalam sejarah transformasi perwujudan Bangunan tinggal Bali aga
Authors: Maharani Ida Ayu Dyah , Santosa Imam , Wardono Prabu , Martokusumo Widjaja
Published: September 2018

Bali Aga residential buildings which have a vernacular character believed to be built deliberately by humans as a shelter when they started to live settled in 8th to 13th century. The shape of Bali Aga residential buildings have a transformation in similarity and difference among Bali Aga villages, occur in each period of Bali Aga era in diachronic ways. This research traces the factors which influence that phenomenon. The Bali Aga era that rebranding attempted to an ancient, the new and the newest Bali Aga, show that transformation in the similarity and difference is not due to cultural overlapping only. The change of local environmental conditions and potential also affect it, in accordance with the vernacular concept. Both become the most important factors affecting the shape of Bali Aga residential buildings, which written in qualitative historiography method limited to the discussion about interior and façade of buildings.
Nyepi di Kampung Muslim Al-Amin: Leksikon Dinamika Sosial Toleransi Beragama di Denpasar, Bali
Authors: Punia I Nengah , Kebayantini Ni Luh Nyoman , Budi Nugroho Wahyu
Published: September 2018

This research examines the habitus creation in the neighborhood of Al-Amin which is located at Banjar Sanglah, Denpasar City. This neighborhood evidently is able to actualize the inter-religious harmony since 1970 until now. In the related study, the concept of habitus from Pierre Bourdieu with formulation (Habitus x Capital) + Field = Practice was applied, while adopted the ethnography method. Through the conducted study, Bourdieu’s concept of habitus was able to explain the cognitive structure of various actors who play an essential role in the creation of the Al-Amin neighborhood, starting from the system of symbolic capital disposition, social capital, economic capital and cultural capital. Furthermore, the continuous harmony in the neighborhood of Al-Amin is due to its strong social and cultural capital. However, the harmony is inseparable from the framework between majority with minority, thus the character of social capital and especially the cultural capital in the neighborhood of Al-Amin tend to coopt other forms of capital.
Sinkretisme Siwa Budha dalam Lontar Candra Bhairawa
Authors: Dian Saputra I Made , Suarka I Nyoman
Published: September 2018

Candra Bhairawa manuscript is a classical literary work which is full of knowledge. It is selected as the object of this study, aimed at a deeper investigation of the meanings of Hinduism teachings in said literary work. Furthermore, this study on Candra Bhairawa manuscript also aimed at identifying the aspects of Siwa-Buddha Ta wa. The Syncretism of Siwa and Buddha has become a way of life, which in turn gave birth to several literary works that have become moral guideline for literary enthusiast in the archipelago. The Hermeneutics theory was used to analyze the aspects of meanings of the text in Candra Bhairawa manuscript. The study shows that the Candra Bhairawa manuscript was based on two contrasting basic conceptions of Siwa and Buddha, which formed a balance aiming at a mutual goal of the deliverance of the soul from worldly ties, known as Moksa. In order to achieve said state, one must go through several stages known as sanyasa, namely the Yoga Sanyasa and the Karma Sanyasa.
ESTIMASI NILAI IMPLIED VOLATILITY MENGGUNAKAN SIMULASI MONTE CARLO
Authors: MUFLIHUNALLAH MAKBUL , DHARMAWAN KOMANG , ASIH NI MADE
Published: September 2018

Investing among investors is an exciting activity to gain profit in the financial world. The development of investment in the financial world affects the number of alternative investment instruments that can be offered to investors in the capital market. The management of instruments in finance depends on the accuracy of forecasting of variables for example volatility. Volatility is a statistic of the degree of price variation in one period to the next which is expressed by ?. Volatility values can be estimated using Implied Volatility. Implied Volatility is the volatility used in determining the price of European options obtained by equalizing the price of the theoretical options, the price obtained from the Black-Scholes model, with the option price in the market. In this research will discuss how to estimate Implied Volatility value using the option obtained from simulation with Monte Carlo.
PERBANDINGAN KEKONVERGENAN METODE CONDITIONAL MONTE CARLO DAN ANTITHETIC VARIATE DALAM MENENTUKAN HARGA OPSI CALL TIPE BARRIER
Authors: WATI NI LUH PUTU KARTIKA , DHARMAWAN KOMANG , SARI KARTIKA
Published: September 2018

Barrier option is an option where the payoff price depends  on whether or not the stock price passes the barrier during its life time. The aim of the research is to compare the convergence between conditional Monte Carlo and antithetic variate methods in determining the call barrier option  price. The call barrier option price  is influenced by several factors: initial stock price, stock volatility, risk-free interest rate, maturity, strike price and barrier. The calculation of call barrier option price is obtained by simulating stock price movements with different simulation number. Based on the simulation result, it is obtained that the calculation of call barrier option price with conditional Monte Carlo method converge faster than the antithetic variate method.
FEATURES OF HORMONE-RECEPTOR INTERACTION BETWEEN STEROID HORMONES AND VITAMIN D IN OSTEOPENIC SYNDROME
Authors: Trofimova I. V. , Drygina L. B. , Ellinidi V. N.
Published: September 2018

Relevance. The interrelation of the state of the upper gastrointestinal tract with the change of bone mineral density (BMD) is proved. It is known that hormonal regulation plays a key role against the background of complicated gastroduodenal pathology. Its effect on target organs hormones are mediated by specific receptors, but the level of expression of steroid hormone receptors and vitamin D in acid-dependent diseases of the stomach and in concomitant metabolic disorders in bone tissue remains not sufficiently investigated.

Intention.The aim is to study the content of steroid hormone receptors and vitamin D in the duodenal mucosa and their hormones in blood serum in patients of different age groups with acid-dependent diseases of the stomach and changes in IPC.

Methodology– 30 rescuers of EMERCOM of Russia – men aged 23 to 54 years 30 [27; 32] and 74 liquidators of consequences of accident on Chernobyl NPP (ChNPP) aged from 55 to 80 years 59 [55; 71] were examined. Histological examination of duodenal mucosa, immunohistochemical study of vitamin d receptors (DR), androgens (AR), estrogens alpha (ER-α) and beta (ER-β), progesterone (PR) and glucocorticoids (GR) and their hormones in the blood.

Results and Discussion.All patients were diagnosed with chronic gastritis and chronic duodenitis. Violation of IPC and osteopenic syndrome was found in 40 % (12) of rescuers and 64.8 % (48) of liquidators. It was found that in duodenal mucosa in liquidators of consequences at ChNPP, receptors DR (74 %), AR (52.7 %) and ER-β (37.8%) are statistically reliably detected, and PR (0 %) and GR (0 %) are not determined in comparison with patients of rescue group, respectively DR (30 %), AR (0 %) and ER-β (0 %), PR (73.3 %), GR (73.3 %) (p < 0.001) Statistically significant correlation between decrease of IPC and osteopenic syndrome in liquidators with AR and ER-β in mucosa and decrease of testosterone and estradiol in blood was revealed. Whereas in rescuers, these manifestations are associated with the presence of PR and GR in the mucosa and the normal level of hormones in the blood serum (p < 0.05). Cytoplasmic localization of PR and DR receptors may indicate a violation of the mechanism of binding of progesterone to its receptor at the cellular and molecular level and the participation of vitamin d in the pathogenesis of osteopathic syndrome.

Conclusion.The revealed differences of hormone-receptor interactions in osteopenic syndrome in liquidators of consequences at ChNPP, on the one hand, and in men (without radiation factor), rescuers, do not exclude both the commonality of its pathogenesis, presenting different stages characteristic of different age groups, and the presence of two multidirectional mechanisms of osteoporosis development, which requires further study.