bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Elliptical Aggregates – Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis
Authors: Bajaj Anubha
Published: February 2020

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis was initially scripted in 1972 by Kessler and Wolloch and is cogitated as an infrequent, benign, chronic inflammatory disorder. It commonly implicates females of reproductive age group, especially women who have breast fed in the preceding five to six years. Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is commonly discerned in Asia and Mediterranean region although true incidence is undetermined. Diverse ethnicities delineate a diverse disease prevalence. Elimination of adjunctive causes of granulomatous inflammation makes idiopathic granulomatous mastitis a diagnosis of exclusion. As per the natural history, idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is designated as a self limiting disorder 1.
Physicians' Perceptions of Proton Pump Inhibitor Risks and Recommendations to Discontinue: A National Survey
Authors: Kurlander Jacob E. , Rubenstein Joel H. , Richardson Caroline R. , Krein Sarah L. , De Vries Raymond , Zikmund-Fisher Brian J. , Yang Yu-Xiao , Laine Loren , Weissman Arlene , Saini Sameer D.
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVE:

To provide contemporary estimates of internists' perceptions of adverse effects associated with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and self-reported clinical use.

METHODS:

We invited 799 internists, including specialists and postgraduate trainees, to complete an online survey. Topics included perceptions of PPI adverse effects (AEs) and effectiveness for upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) prevention, changes in prescribing, and management recommendations for patients using PPIs for gastroesophageal reflux disease or UGIB prevention. We used logistic regression to identify factors associated with appropriate PPI continuation in the scenario of a patient at high risk for UGIB.

RESULTS:

Among 437 respondents (55% response rate), 10% were trainees and 72% specialized in general medicine, 70% were somewhat/very concerned about PPI AEs, and 76% had somewhat/very much changed their prescribing. A majority believed PPIs increase the risk for 6 of 12 AEs queried. Fifty-two percent perceived PPIs to be somewhat/very effective for UGIB prevention. In a gastroesophageal reflux disease scenario in which PPI can be safely discontinued, 86% appropriately recommended PPI discontinuation. However, in a high-risk UGIB prevention scenario in which long-term PPI use is recommended, 79% inappropriately recommended discontinuation. In this latter scenario, perceived effectiveness for bleeding prevention was strongly associated with continuing PPI (odds ratio 7.68, P < 0.001 for moderately; odds ratio 17.3, P < 0.001 for very effective). Other covariates, including concern about PPI AEs, had no significant association.

DISCUSSION:

Most internists believe PPIs cause multiple AEs and recommend discontinuation even in patients at high risk for UGIB. Future interventions should focus on ensuring that PPIs are prescribed appropriately according to individual risks and benefits.
Implications of Biosecurity in Food Safety
Authors: Pal Vijai , Tripathi Nagesh , Goel Ajay Kumar
Published: February 2020

Owing to growing population of world, efforts are being made to maximise food production. Food safety should not be compromised to meet the food requirement of increasing population. Biosecurity is the imperative approach to ensure food safety. This is a holistic approach that interlinks health, environment, security and trade. Increased incidents of foodborne diseases led to promotion of biosecurity as a major priority policy worldwide to curtail such incidents and ensure food safety. Microbial risk management is an essential component of food safety. National biosecurity programmes are essentially required to identify the prospective modes of introduction and spread of a disease in a country or region and to specify the control measures to curtail the risk associated with the disease. International standards for various biosecurity sectors are set mainly by Codex Alimentarius Commission, the World Organisation for Animal Health and Commission on Phytosanitary Measures, which are implemented through the Sanitary and Phytosanitary Agreement, 1995 of World Trade Organisation. Agricultural biosecurity is of utmost importance in the countries that are large crop and animal producers, and these countries are at risk from alien pests and pathogens. Adequate biosecurity programmes are essential in all the countries to protect global environment, agriculture and biodiversity. Developing countries, particularly with large populations aiming maximised food production require stringent biosecurity approaches to provide safe and nutritious food to the people.
Evaluation of Diagnostic Potential of Recombinant Outer Membrane Protein (rOmp28) of Brucella Melitensis for Serodiagnosis of Ovine and Caprine Brucellosis
Authors: Kumar Ashu , Suryawanshi Suresh Namdeo , Thavaselvam Duraipandian
Published: February 2020

Brucella melitensis is the main causative agent of brucellosis in small ruminants. The diagnosis of brucellosis is mostly done by isolation of bacteria from aborted material, udder secretions or from tissues of infected animals. The presumptive diagnosis of Brucellosis is attempted by elucidating the serological responses to Brucella antigens. The present study was designed to evaluate the diagnostic potential of rOmp28 antigen of Brucella melitensis for ovine and caprine brucellosis. A total of 163 clinical samples (n=79 samples of ovine and n=84 samples of caprine) were tested in an indirect plate-ELISA format using rOmp28 antigen. Results of rOmp28 antigen based indirect ELISA were also compared with the native antigens [cell envelope antigen (CE) and whole cell sonicated antigen (SA)] based ELISA and with conventional Standard Tube Agglutination Test (STAT). Recombinant Omp28 antigen showed high sensitivity and specificity i.e., 71.4%, 97.7% for ovine samples and 74%, 87.8% for caprine samples as compared with CE antigen (40%, 75%) and (44%, 67.6%) and SA antigen (37.1%, 84%) and (42%, 70.5%) for ovine and caprine samples respectively. This study demonstrated that rOmp28 can be a good candidate antigen in the serodiagnosis of ovine and caprine brucellosis in India and also further in the development of rapid field-adaptable diagnostic assay for screening of ovine and caprine brucellosis.
Towards Protecting Critical National Assets and Preparedness for Response to Hazardous Chemical, Biological and Radiological Attacks
Authors: Sharma Rakesh Kumar , Rana Sudha , Gopalan Natarajan
Published: February 2020

Hazardous chemical, biological and radiological (CBR) materials are catching attention of unscrupulous actors for creating terror and havoc. Threat perception for use of such materials by terrorists and non-state actors for malicious purposes, is not imaginative but real and imminent in today’s context. World has witnessed a number of such incidences in the recent years, e.g., Mustard gas attack against Kurdish forces in Iraq; ricin laced letters sent to US President and others senators; use of Nerve gas agents in Syria; capturing of Uranium from University of al- Mousal, Iraq by IS, etc. National assets like critical buildings where main legislative, historical building, Hospitals are some of the likely targets for CBR attacks attract quick coverage by media. Authorities related with managing and safeguarding mechanisms of the facilities to prevent such events happening also to enhance their capabilities as well as effective response. Essential CBR security should include measures to rapidly detect and effectively deter the CBR incidences their deleterious consequences. In this review, protection of the critical facilities from CBR attacks and capacity in terms of infrastructure, specialised training and mutual aid have been discussed.
A Non aqueous Formulation for Efficient Detoxification of Chemical Weapons at Sub zero Temperatures
Authors: Prasad G.K. , Pandey Lokesh K. , Singh Virendra V. , Ganesan K. , Acharya Jyotiranjan , Gupta Arvind Kumar
Published: February 2020

An effective decontamination methodology based on nucleophilic non-aqueous decontaminant has been developed against chemical weapons sulfur mustard and soman. This new formulation consists of non-aqueous solution of 2-aminoethanol (60%, w/v), potassium hydroxide (2%, w/v), and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (38 %, w/v) and detoxified more than 99 % of sulfur mustard and soman within a period of 30 min at -35 °C. It was found to be operable over a wide range of temperatures starting from -35 °C to +55 °C without losing its fluidity and detoxicant efficiency at sub-zero temperatures promising hassle-free application against chemical weapons. It degrades sulfur mustard to divinyl sulfide and 2-chloroethyl vinyl sulfide and converted soman into O-pinacolyl O’-(2-amino) ethyl methylphosphonate, which are relatively non toxic to humans. This formulation is environmentally benign, relatively non corrosive and has an improved capability to dissolve and decontaminate chemical weapons within 15 minutes at ambient conditions. This approach paves the way for efficient and rapid decontamination platform for chemical weapons and holds considerable promise for field application in near future.
Model Driven Combat Effectiveness Simulation Systems Engineering
Authors: Zhu Zhi , Lei Yonglin , Zhu Yifan
Published: February 2020

Model-driven engineering has become popular in the combat effectiveness simulation systems engineering during these last years. It allows to systematically develop a simulation model in a composable way. However, implementing a conceptual model is really a complex and costly job if this is not guided under a well-established framework. Hence this study attempts to explore methodologies for engineering the development of simulation models. For this purpose, we define an ontological metamodelling framework. This framework starts with ontology-aware system conceptual descriptions, and then refines and transforms them toward system models until they reach final executable implementations. As a proof of concept, we identify a set of ontology-aware modelling frameworks in combat systems specification, then an underwater targets search scenario is presented as a motivating example for running simulations and results can be used as a reference for decision-making behaviors.
Damage Effects of Fluid filled Submunitions by High Velocity Projectile Impact
Authors: Yang Zan , Hai-fu Wang , Yuan-feng Zheng , Qing-bo Yu
Published: February 2020

A series of tests investigating the damage effects of fluid-filled submunitions by high velocity projectile impact were conducted. An analytical model is presented, in which the yaw angle of the projectile was taken into account. Based on the analytical model, the influence of the strike angle, hit-point offset distance and projectile length to diameter ratio on submunition damage ratio were predicted. The analytical results showed a good agreement with the experiments. The submunition damage ratio strongly depends on the hit-point offset distance, showing a significant decrease with increasing hit-point offset distance. For large hit-point offset distance, increasing the length to diameter ratio of the projectile will effectively improve the submunition damage ratio. There is an appropriate yaw angle of the projectile in which the submunition damage ratio will be maximal.
Selection of Optimal Air Independent Propulsion System using Forced Decision Matrix
Authors: Menon R. Raajiv , Vijayakumar Rajagopalan , Pandey Jitendra Kumar
Published: February 2020

A project management decision tool viz., forced decision matrix (FDM) is implemented in this paper towards identification of a suitable optimal air independent propulsion (AIP) system for submerged vehicles. FDM is utilised in order to handle the trade-off from amongst multiple propulsion technologies. FDM is based on multi-attribute utility theory used extensively in decision analysis situations involving persuasive multiple alternatives. The efficiency and effectiveness of this methodology to tackle complex solutions is elaborated in this paper with appropriate calculations. A rational decision-making procedure is evolved using the FDM in order to select the best suited AIP technology for a submerged vehicle. It is inferred that FDM is an effective and potential tool towards identification of best suitable solution in a multi-option environment.
A Multi segment Morphing System for a Micro Air Vehicle using Shape Memory Alloy Actuators
Authors: G.M. Kamalakannan , Singh Giresh Kumar , Ananda C.M.
Published: February 2020

A configurable multi-segment morphing system for a micro air vehicle (MAV) is presented in this study. One of the novelties is the development of an adaptive control allocation algorithm that provides fast, simultaneous and independent operation of four morphing segments using shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators. The SMA operation is time-staggered in microsecond resolution to ensure that only one SMA draws power from the MAV battery at a time. The other novelties are the in-flight measurement of morphing angle using dual flex-sensors and morphing of leading edges such that the ‘morphing-line’ is diagonal (45º) to the MAV’s lateral axis. The system was implemented on an open source autopilot controller and operated using the MAV battery. It was ground-tested under propeller ON conditions and a droop rate of 35º/s and ability to track a 1 Hz sinusoidal variation of droop angle were realised.
Entrepreneurial Traits, Entrepreneurial Environment Perception, and New Venture Performance: Empirical Evidence from Chinese Firms
Authors: Cheng Cong , Zhang Wei , Zhang Wenyao , Jiang Yuan
Published: February 2020

Entrepreneurs, as initiators of entrepreneurial activities, have long been one of important research objects in the field of entrepreneurship research and, however, there has been no study reported on how entrepreneurial traits influence venture performance from a perspective of entrepreneurial orientation. This study explored the relationship between entrepreneurial traits and venture performance by focusing on the mediating role of entrepreneurial orientation and the moderating role of entrepreneurial environment perception. Using time-lagged data from 321 private enterprises in China, the results reveal that entrepreneurial traits are positively related to venture performance, and this link is mediated by entrepreneurial orientation. Additionally, moderated path analysis indicates that entrepreneurial environment perception strengthens the direct effect of the entrepreneurial traits on entrepreneurial orientation and its indirect effect on venture performance. This study extends the scope of entrepreneurial traits research, and provides evidence for arguments that entrepreneurship in the context of China.
Improvement of interfacial interaction in impregnated wood via grafting methyl methacrylate onto wood cell walls
Authors: Dong Youming , Altgen Michael , Mäkelä Mikko , Rautkari Lauri , Hughes Mark , Li Jianzhang , Zhang Shifeng
Published: February 2020

Improving the interaction between the wood cell wall and a modifying agent is fundamental to enhancing the efficacy of wood modification. The extent of interaction is, nevertheless, difficult to evaluate due to the highly heterogeneous nature of the modified wood. In this study, methacryl groups were grafted onto the wood cell wall polymers, via the reaction between 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (IEMA) and hydroxyl groups, to improve their compatibility and reactivity. Subsequently, methyl methacrylate (MMA) was introduced into methacrylated wood and copolymerized with the bonded methacryl groups. The distribution of IEMA and poly MMA (PMMA) in the wood cell walls was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal Raman microscopy. The results showed that MMA penetrated the wood cell walls and formed strong interfacial interaction, which was confirmed by confocal Raman microscopy combined with principal component analysis (PCA). With copolymerization, the highest anti-swelling efficiency (ASE) (57%) was achieved, because of the effect of methacrylation. Compared to the reference, the water resistance and hardness were significantly improved. In addition, the dynamic wettability was also altered largely due to copolymerization.
Stochastic model specification in Markov switching vector error correction models
Authors: Hauzenberger Niko , Huber Florian , Pfarrhofer Michael , Zörner Thomas O.
Published: February 2020

This paper proposes a hierarchical modeling approach to perform stochastic model specification in Markov switching vector error correction models. We assume that a common distribution gives rise to the regime-specific regression coefficients. The mean as well as the variances of this distribution are treated as fully stochastic and suitable shrinkage priors are used. These shrinkage priors enable to assess which coefficients differ across regimes in a flexible manner. In the case of similar coefficients, our model pushes the respective regions of the parameter space towards the common distribution. This allows for selecting a parsimonious model while still maintaining sufficient flexibility to control for sudden shifts in the parameters, if necessary. We apply our modeling approach to real-time Euro area data and assume transition probabilities between expansionary and recessionary regimes to be driven by the cointegration errors. The results suggest that the regime allocation is governed by a subset of short-run adjustment coefficients and regime-specific variance-covariance matrices. These findings are complemented by an out-of-sample forecast exercise, illustrating the advantages of the model for predicting Euro area inflation in real time.
Polyamine stimulation perturbs intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and decreases viability of breast cancer BT474 cells
Authors: Chow Louis W.C. , Wong Kar-Lok , Shiao Lian-Ru , Wu King-Chuen , Leung Yuk-Man
Published: February 2020

Intracellular polyamines such as spermine and spermidine are essential to cell growth in normal and especially in cancer cells. However, whether extracellular polyamines affect cancer cell survival is unknown. We therefore examined the actions of extracellular polyamines on breast cancer BT474 cells. Our data showed that spermine, spermidine, and putrescine decreased cell viability by apoptosis. These polyamines also elicited Ca2+ signals, but the latter were unlikely triggered via Ca2+-sensing receptor (CaSR) as BT474 cells have been demonstrated previously to lack CaSR expression. Spermine-elicited Ca2+ response composed of both Ca2+ release and Ca2+ influx. Spermine caused a complete discharge of the cyclopiazonic acid (CPA)-sensitive Ca2+ pool and, expectedly, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The Ca2+ influx pore opened by spermine was Mn2+-impermeable, distinct from the CPA-triggered store-operated Ca2+ channel, which was Mn2+-permeable. Spermine cytotoxic effects were not due to oxidative stress, as spermine did not trigger reactive oxygen species formation. Our results therefore suggest that spermine acted on a putative polyamine receptor in BT474 cells, causing cytotoxicity by Ca2+ overload, Ca2+ store depletion, and ER stress.
Highly Dispersed CuNi Nanoparticles Supported on Reduced Graphene Oxide as Efficient Catalysts for Hydrogen Generation from NH3BH3
Authors: Du Xigang , Tai Yuping , Liu Hongyu , Zhang Jun , Su Mengfan , Li Fengyu , Wang Shumeng
Published: February 2020

Highly dispersed CuNi nanoparticles (NPs) immobilized on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) were synthesized via the simple in situ co-reduction of an aqueous solution of Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate, nickel chloride hexahydrate, and graphene oxide (GO) by the reduction of ammonia borane (AB) at room temperature. The powder XRD, FTIR, EDS, and TEM techniques were used to charaterize the structure, size, and composition of the CuNi/RGO catalysts. The as-prepared CuNi/RGO catalysts showed excellent catalytic performance toward the hydrolysis of AB at room temperature. Compared to Cu/RGO, Ni/RGO, and the RGO-free Cu0.6Ni0.4 counterpart, the as-prepared Cu0.6Ni0.4/RGO catalysts showed much better catalytic activity. Furthermore, kinetic studies showed that the catalytic hydrolysis of AB by Cu0.6Ni0.4/RGO has zero order dependence on the AB concentration, but first order dependence on the catalyst concentration. The turnover frequency (TOF) of Cu0.6Ni0.4/RGO catalyst for the hydrolytic dehydrogenation of AB was determined to be about 20.2 mol H2 (mol Cu0.6Ni0.4/RGO)−1 min−1 at 25 °C. In addition, the activation energy (Ea
) of Cu0.6Ni0.4/RGO was determined to be around 17.7 kJ mol−1, which is one of the lowest activation energy’s of the reported metal-based catalysts.
Is AIDS related to social determinants of health in Iran? A systematic review
Authors: Yazdizadeh Vahideh , Taghizadeh Ziba , Farmahini Farahani Maryam , Nekavand Mehrandokht , Abbasi Zeinab
Published: February 2020

Introduction: AIDS is a global challenge. By looking deeper into the nature of AIDS and its transmission, it can be concluded that AIDS is a social phenomenon rather than a completely biological disease and the results of studies show a significant relationship between the risk of HIV infection and some underlying factors such as demographic, social, economic and cultural factors. Today, these structural and social factors are known as social determinants of health (SDH). The current systematic study aimed to identify SDH related to AIDS in Iran, in order to adopt appropriate strategies to prevent AIDS in Iran. Methods: All studies in Persian or English focusing on the relationship between societal health and AIDS conducted in Iran were systematically reviewed from PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science and internal databases (IranMedex, SID and Magiran) by December 2018. In order to evaluate the quality of the articles, the STORBE checklist was used and, after reviewing the articles, finally, out of a total of 964 articles, 18 papers were selected to enter into the study. Results: In this systematic review, 12 articles were performed on people at risk for AIDS, while 6 articles were conducted on patients with positive HIV/AIDS. Based on the WHO model, the determinants of social well-being in this study were structural determinants of heath; (gender, educational level, occupational status, income and housing) and intermediate determinants of heath (marital status, high-risk behaviors, awareness, attitude about AIDS, social support status, access to the Internet and satellite, and history of child sexual abuse). Conclusion: The main risk factors for HIV infection in Iran (intravenous opium and unsafe sexual intercourse) were related to social, economic and behavioral factors. Therefore, it is essential to consider SDH as the key factors in the emergence and control of AIDS by health policy-makers and relevant authorities for the prevention of AIDS
Subacute bacterial endocarditis with vasculitis-like presentation; report of a case and literature review
Authors: Soleymanian Tayebeh , Kavosi Hoda
Published: February 2020

Infective endocarditis is a diagnostic challenge since it could manifest as a systemic disease mimicking rheumatologic disorders by immunological mechanisms. We introduced a case of infective endocarditis which was a 62-year-old man who presented with weakness, weight loss, myalgia, arthritis, petechiae, hematuria and proteinuria and was admitted by a rheumatologist for evaluation of possible vasculitis.
Does the Underlayment Matter?
Authors: Roodvoets David L. , Spencer Jonathan P.
Published: February 2020

In recent years, the roofing industry has undergone another major change with the introduction of underlayment products that have significant moisture retention and permeability differences from the traditional ASTM D226, Standard Specification for Asphalt-Saturated Organic Felt Used in Roofing and Waterproofing, Type I and Type II felts. It is expected that these differences will have an effect on the performance of some roof covers. The goal is to study the wetting and drying performance under natural conditions for a minimum of two years and to observe and photograph any changes in the wood. This study includes 11 different combinations of two types of underlayment and four continuous ventilation products under four variations of wood cedar shingles. Each of the 11 sets of shingles and underlayments installed on a 6/12 slope, south-facing roof over a traditional ventilated attic in Climate Zone 5 are instrumented with temperature and moisture probes on the tops and undersides of the shingles. This data as well as ambient weather data are captured and recorded by an onsite computer every 15 min, 24 h per day. The outdoor test facility roof is more than 25 ft long from eave to ridge and has the moisture and temperature probes at three locations on each of the 11 test sections. The goal is to study the wetting and drying performance under natural conditions for a minimum of two years and to observe and photograph any changes in the wood. The data show major differences in wetting and drying rates that are both product and underlayment dependent. The paper includes information on the data acquisition systems and their performance as well as test facility operating parameters and the moisture retention results. Cedar is a product that is moisture sensitive and therefore provides rapid acquisition of the moisture profiles as well as expanding data on ventilation benefits shown in Oak Ridge National Laboratory ventilation research.
Overview of the IBHS Roof Aging Farm Program
Authors: Estes Heather E. , Stansell Carolyn , Brown-Giammanco Tanya M.
Published: February 2020

In 2013, the Insurance Institute for Business & Home Safety (IBHS) began a long-term roof aging program to study how the wind uplift resistance, hail impact, and fire performance of asphalt shingle roof assemblies changes with age and exposure to the natural environment. The program examines the effects of exposure time and location, along with product type, to understand the influence of natural weathering on product performance. The data produced by this research program will provide information on the vulnerability of aged roofing products, details as to the performance that can be expected as roofs naturally age, and insights into product options that may perform better over the long term. The program currently has roofs in five different climate locations, installed from 2013 through 2017. Beginning in 2019, roof samples were tested at five-year intervals to evaluate performance differences. The aged specimens will be tested using existing standard test methods and newly developed, customized tests. The results will be compared to the baseline tests, which consisted of materials received through distribution and tested per UL 2218, Standard for Impact Resistance of Prepared Roof Covering Materials; ASTM D4977, Standard Test Method for Granule Adhesion to Mineral Surfaced Roofing by Abrasion; and ASTM D6381, Standard Test Method for Measurement of Asphalt Shingle Mechanical Uplift Resistance. ASTM E108, Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Roof Coverings, testing will be evaluated in the future. This report outlines the IBHS roof aging farm program and the future test plans to evaluate the impact resistance, wind uplift resistance, fire resistance, and material durability of the installed products.
Energy Resistance of Commercial Roofs
Authors: Molleti Sudhakar , Baskaran Bas
Published: February 2020

A consortium study, Energy Resistance of Commercial Roofs, was developed by the National Research Council Canada (NRC) with support from roofing contractor associations, roofing and accessories manufacturers, insulation manufacturers, and roofing consultants to develop scientifically supported performance data on energy resistance of roofing systems that are constructed according to field practices. This study has two major tasks. This paper presents and discusses the results from Task 1, in which 36 roofing assemblies representing seven climatic zones in North America were designed and tested to evaluate their effective thermal resistance and to validate their performance relative to the code requirements. The test matrix comprised mechanically attached roofing system, partially adhered roofing system, and adhesive applied roofing system designed with three different insulation types—polyisocyanurate, expanded polystyrene, and stone wool. The test protocol involved measurement of the thermal resistance of the insulation component and effective thermal resistance of the roofing assemblies at four different mean temperatures representing a very cold climate to solar-heated climatic conditions. All the testing was conducted at NRC's Dynamic Roofing Facility–Energy. The experimental research highlighted two influencing parameters that are currently not considered in the energy design of the roof. One is the temperature dependency performance of insulation and its impact on the effective R-value, and the second is the thermal bridging of fasteners. The measured data showed a decreasing trend of the effective R-value with increasing fastener density. The combined effect of insulation performance and thermal bridging lowered the effective R-value of some of the tested assemblies by 2% to 20% below the target design values. The current design practice needs to acknowledge the thermal bridging effects of fasteners and plates and accommodate them appropriately at the design stage of the roofs. Excluding this could lead to repercussions on the overall energy performance of the roof.
The Durability of Polyolefin Polymers in Steep Slope Roofing Underlayment Materials—Part One
Authors: Johnston John
Published: February 2020

The expanding use of polymeric materials for roofing applications requires the development of new accelerated aging test protocols that focus on the degradation mechanisms of polymers. For contractors and consumers to have confidence in new polymeric materials, they must have an understanding of the expected life span of the product. Existing accelerated aging test protocols for underlayments typically have been written for the previous generation of materials. Thus, additional test parameters, which are important in characterizing the performance of polymeric materials, may need to be included in new testing protocols. This work focuses on the use of polymeric materials used in steep slope roofing underlayments. The purpose is to provide a basic background on how polyolefin polymers degrade, how they can be stabilized, as well as the appropriate test methods appropriate for predicting their life span in a roofing environment. Standard accelerated aging test methods are compared to real-time weathering and accelerated aging (thermal). This comparison shows that the current protocols used to determine the durability of polymeric roofing underlayments will need to be updated to consider the temperature of the roof environment.
Ultra-high-resolution fMRI of Human Ventral Temporal Cortex Reveals Differential Representation of Categories and Domains
Authors: Margalit Eshed , Jamison Keith W. , Weiner Kevin S. , Vizioli Luca , Zhang Ru-Yuan , Kay Kendrick N. , Grill-Spector Kalanit
Published: February 2020

Human ventral temporal cortex (VTC) is critical for visual recognition. It is thought that this ability is supported by large-scale patterns of activity across VTC that contain information about visual categories. However, it is unknown how category representations in VTC are organized at the submillimeter scale and across cortical depths. To fill this gap in knowledge, we measured BOLD responses in medial and lateral VTC to images spanning 10 categories from five domains (written characters, bodies, faces, places, and objects) at an ultra-high spatial resolution of 0.8 mm using 7 Tesla fMRI in both male and female participants. Representations in lateral VTC were organized most strongly at the general level of domains (e.g., places), whereas medial VTC was also organized at the level of specific categories (e.g., corridors and houses within the domain of places). In both lateral and medial VTC, domain-level and category-level structure decreased with cortical depth, and downsampling our data to standard resolution (2.4 mm) did not reverse differences in representations between lateral and medial VTC. The functional diversity of representations across VTC partitions may allow downstream regions to read out information in a flexible manner according to task demands. These results bridge an important gap between electrophysiological recordings in single neurons at the micron scale in nonhuman primates and standard-resolution fMRI in humans by elucidating distributed responses at the submillimeter scale with ultra-high-resolution fMRI in humans.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTVisual recognition is a fundamental ability supported by human ventral temporal cortex (VTC). However, the nature of fine-scale, submillimeter distributed representations in VTC is unknown. Using ultra-high-resolution fMRI of human VTC, we found differential distributed visual representations across lateral and medial VTC. Domain representations (e.g., faces, bodies, places, characters) were most salient in lateral VTC, whereas category representations (e.g., corridors/houses within the domain of places) were equally salient in medial VTC. These results bridge an important gap between electrophysiological recordings in single neurons at a micron scale and fMRI measurements at a millimeter scale.
KARABUĞDAYIN NEM ADSORPSİYON ÖZELLİKLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: ARSLAN TONTUL Sultan
Published: February 2020

Karabuğdayın denge nem içerikleri (DNİ), farklı doygun tuz çözeltileri kullanılarak 0.22-0.94 su aktivitesi (aw) aralığında ve 15℃ sıcaklıkta belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen DNİ, 10 farklı sorpsiyon eşitliği (BET, GAB, Halsey, Henderson, Caurie, Iglesias-Chirife, Oswin, Smith, White-Eiring ve Peleg) kullanılarak çözümlenmiş ve karabuğdayın sorpsiyon eğrilerinin belirlenmesinde kullanılabilecek en uygun model belirlenmiştir. Karabuğday örneklerinin sorpsiyon eğrilerin belirlenmesinde en uygun modelin yüksek R2 (0.998-0.999) ve düşük %P (0.542-0.733) ve %RMSE (0.001-0.104) değerleri ile BET ve Peleg eşitlikleri olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Karabuğday örneklerinin DNİ’nin artan su aktivitesi ile birlikte arttığı ve izotermin Tip II’ye uygun olduğu görülmüştür. BET ve GAB eşitlikleri kullanılarak hesaplanan tek tabaka su içeriğinin ise sırasıyla %3.68 ve % 4.86 olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Die erfolgreiche Implementation von eTests mit dem passenden Anreizsystem
Authors: Obersteg Sophie , Berg Silvan , Bröring Stefanie
Published: February 2020

Der Einsatz von eLearning Methoden in der Hochschullehre bietet sowohl Lehrenden als auch Lernenden viele Vorteile durch hohe Flexibilität und Selbstständigkeit. Dementsprechend sollten effektive Methoden eingesetzt werden um das eLearning Angebot in Hochschulen kontinuierlich zu steigern. Hierzu ist vor allem die Akzeptanz der Studierenden von großer Bedeutung. Der Artikel leistet vor diesem Hintergrund einen empirischen Beitrag zur Bewertung von Anreizsystemen für Studierende und belegt die Effektivität der eLearning Methode eTest in Bezug auf die Klausurleistung.
Maschinelles Lernen am Beispiel von Optionspreisen
Authors: Wilkens Sascha
Published: February 2020

Die Fallstudie zeigt an einem konkreten Beispiel aus der Kapitalmarktlehre, wie "maschinelles Lernen" in der Form eines neuronalen Netzes angewendet werden kann. Die Implementierung eines elementaren Verfahrens bedarf lediglich weniger algorithmischer Schritte und das Ergebnis wird dem klassischer Ansätze wie etwa linearer Regression häufig überlegen sein.
Major Cardiovascular Advances: Highlights from the 2019 American College of Cardiology Annual Scientific Session
Authors: Badreldin Hisham A , bin Saleh Khalid , Al Yami Majed
Published: February 2020

The 69th American College of Cardiology Annual Scientific Session and Expo was held in New Orleans, Louisiana on March 16–18, 2019. For many years this meeting has gathered together an enormous number of participants, abstracts, oral presentations, poster presentations, educational sessions, late-breaking clinical trial results, and clinical practice guidelines under one roof. The authors have selected and summarized the key points from a number of key landmark trials, featured clinical research results and clinical practice guidelines that were presented during this year’s meeting.
Artificial Intelligence in Cardiac Imaging
Authors: Seetharam Karthik , Shrestha Sirish , Sengupta Partho P
Published: February 2020

Machine learning (ML), a subset of artificial intelligence, is showing promising results in cardiology, especially in cardiac imaging. ML algorithms are allowing cardiologists to explore new opportunities and make discoveries not seen with conventional approaches. This offers new opportunities to enhance patient care and open new gateways in medical decision-making. This review highlights the role of ML in cardiac imaging for precision phenotyping and prognostication of cardiac disorders.
Wirtualna Rzeczywistość (ang. Virtual Reality - VR) jako skuteczne narzędzie terapii fobii społecznej
Authors: Kozłowska Małgorzata
Published: February 2020

nie dostarczono
Współpraca optymalizująca oddziaływania wychowawcze w polskim i niemieckim młodzieżowym ośrodku resocjalizacyjnym
Authors: Bobrzik Daria , Szecówka Marek
Published: February 2020

nie dostarczono
„…tak jak odciska się w wosku pieczęć”. Mnemotechnika w kazaniach Peregryna z Opola
Authors: Kiełbus Marcin
Published: February 2020

nie dostarczono
Bibliografia taneczna. Stan literatury tanecznej w Polsce – perspektywy badawcze
Authors: Iwańska Alicja
Published: February 2020

nie dostarczono
Małżeństwo z rozsądku- rzecz o małżeńskim szczęściu
Authors: Aszkiełowicz Aleksandra
Published: February 2020

nie dostarczono
Idea uniwersytetu Wilhelma von Humboldta - kontynuacja czy zmierzch?
Authors: Zakowicz Ilona
Published: February 2020

Współczesny polski uniwersytet jest płaszczyzną zróżnicowanych napięć, zarówno tych we-wnętrznych, jak i zewnętrznych. Usytuowany pomiędzy koniecznością podtrzymywania wie-loletniej już tradycji oraz coraz powszechniejszym oczekiwaniem zmian, poszukuje własnej toż-samości w niezwykle złożonej rzeczywistości XXI w. Podjęty przez autorkę artykułu temat jest zatem próbą uchwycenia zjawisk, jakie wpływają na kształt współczesnego uniwersytetu w Pol-sce. Analizowane przez nią problemy dotyczą relacji, jakie konstytuują się na osi uniwersytet - student – rynek pracy, a ich źródłem jest ugruntowana w dyskursie humanistycznym reﬂeksja nad kondycją współczesnego uniwersytetu, funkcjonujące powszechnie opinie i przekonania, oraz indywidualne doświadczenia autorki, stanowiące swoistą szansę zderzenia teoretycznych rozważań z rzeczywistością w jakiej funkcjonuje student uniwersytetu w XXI w.
THE EFECTS OF A CULTIVATION METHOD ON TOMATO YIELD SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L.
Authors: Stančić Ivica , Živić Jelica , Petrović Saša , Knežević Desimir
Published: February 2020

Investigated the effect of different forms of training system the yield of tomatoes in greenhouses. The study involved the genetic forms of tomatoes with one, two and three trees. The influence of training system on the number of fruits per plant, fruit weight, fruit yield per plant and fruit yield per m2. The highest average yield per plant was achieved by growing tomatoes in the three trees, planting a tree in the form given by the average large fruit, and the highest number of fruits per plant was obtained with the training system with three trees, and the lowest in the training system on a tree. When growing on a tree reaches maturity at the earliest, and larger fruits, and the growing maturation of the two trees is a little later, the fruits are slightly smaller, but higher total yield of tomatoes. Growth on three trees achieved the highest yield, but the fruit is considerably smaller, which reduces their market value.
DETERMINING THE NATURE OF COMPETITION IN BULGARIAN FOOD INDUSTRY
Authors: Nikolova-Alexieva Valentina
Published: February 2020

The highly competitive environment for the food industry after the accession of Bulgaria to the European Union puts companies under conditions where the focus is on the quality and products safety. Both the competitiveness theory and the topic of food safety have been widely discussed in recent years, and research in this area is growing, but there is a lack of in-depth information in the Bulgarian literature on the relationship between competitiveness ↔ food safety systems and the open question of how strategies food safety would increase corporate competitiveness. Examining this relationship, it is possible to uncover those factors stemming from the requirements of food safety systems, the improvement of which can help the food industry companies to increase their competitiveness. The subject of the study is the different approaches and methods of assessment and analysis outlining the opportunities for increasing the competitiveness of enterprises from the food industry through the implementation of food safety systems. The report aims to reveal the interrelationship between competitiveness and food safety systems and the implementation of methodologies to increase their competitiveness. The study and assessment of factors to improve the competitiveness of food business enterprises through the implementation of food safety systems is based primarily on expert judgment as well as on marketing and diagnostic analysis. Emphasis is placed on factors that arise from the requirements of food safety systems and a few extras that are important for the formation of strong competitive advantages.
IMPACT OF INNOVATION - SUPPORTIVE CULTURE FOR AN EFFECTIVE BIO-ECONOMY IN BULGARIA
Authors: Nikolova-Alexieva Valentina , Alexieva Iordanka
Published: February 2020

Bio-based economy as a part of circular economy covers all sectors and systems that use biological resources. It is one of the largest and most important sectors of the EU and includes agriculture and forestry, fisheries, agro-food, biomass and bio-based products. Its annual turnover is about 2 trillion euros, and it employs about 18 million people. Bio-economy is also a key area for stimulating growth in rural and coastal areas. In Bulgaria there is still a limited understanding of the added value of eco-innovation, the effects of defragmentation of the value chain, the consequences of the limited application of environmental investments, as well as the lack of appropriate financial instruments stimulating technological progress. The focus of the research was to measure the innovation-supportive culture exhibited through innovativeness, creativity, business alertness and risk taking and how and how they influence the effectiveness of bio-enterprises. The research focused on a population of 285 enterprises for the production of organic food from all Bulgarian regions. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Correlation and multiple regression were employed to analyse the data and test the hypotheses. The study revealed that innovativeness, creativity, business alertness and risk taking were significant for the formation of an innovations-supportive culture and affecting performance of Bulgarian bio-economy. The study concluded that innovation-supportive culture or lack of it has a major effect on business performance and if any organization is bended towards development and growth, it would have to embrace this concept.
Legal Regulations of Blockchain and Cryptocurrency in Ukraine
Authors: Bachynskyy Taras , Radeiko Roman
Published: February 2020

This study develops a review of Blockchain legal regulations in Ukraine. The authors analyze use of Blockchain technology in administration and provision of public services in modern Ukraine. It is stressed that the illegal status of Blockchain and cryptocurrency in Ukraine is a barrier to the full use of these instruments in all spheres of modern life in Ukraine. The caselaw in the field of cryptocurrency use is analyzed.
Modelo econométrico para el cultivo de mora de castilla (Rubus glaucus) en los municipios de Pamplona y Chitagá, Norte de Santander, Colombia.
Authors: Cancino Susan , Cancino-Escalante Giovanni Orlando , Cancino-Ricketts Daniel Francisco
Published: February 2020

El estudio propone elaborar un modelo econométrico para la estimación del desempeño del cultivo de mora en los sistemasproductivos de 29 productores localizados en los municipios de Pamplona y Chitagá, Colombia. Para tal fin se consideraron variables económicascomo el margen agrícola bruto, los costos de producción, el ingreso, el precio de venta y la edad del cultivo. La investigación se caracterizó porser cuantitativa, de campo, no experimental, transversal y correlacional, una vez que consistió en caracterizar e interpretar las variablesimplicadas, para dar paso a la construcción del modelo. Las métricas realizadas sobre las variables confirman el poder explicativo de las variablesexógenas sobre el desempeño económico de las unidades agrícolas, puesto que tienen un poder explicativo relevante sobre dicho desempeño, esdecir, los costos de producción, el ingreso obtenido por la venta del producto, los precios y la edad del cultivo, son estadísticamente significativos.Los hallazgos se constuyen en una contribución científica y empírica de utilidad para los productores agrícolas, los gremios, las institucionesreguladoras y los agentes de investigación, ofreciendo una herramienta de validez comprobada para el análisis y uso más eficiente de los recursosdisponibles para la producción.
It Is Time to Talk About Fertility and Immunotherapy
Authors: Duma Narjust , Lambertini Matteo
Published: February 2020

One concern with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the early-stage cancer setting is the effect of these agents on fertility and subsequent pregnancies. This commentary focuses on the treatment-related risk of infertility and summarizes the available data.
Propiedades psicométricas preliminares de la Escala de Intervenciones Comunes: un instrumento para estudiar las acciones de los terapeutas de distintos marcos teóricos
Authors: Manubens Rocío Tamara , Gómez Penedo Juan Martín , Juan Santiago
Published: February 2020

Objetivos: Este artículo tiene por objetivo presentar la Escala de Intervenciones Comunes (EIC), un instrumento orientado a explorar el uso de intervenciones psicoterapéuticas utilizadas por terapeutas de distintos marcos teóricos y analizar, a su vez, sus propiedades psicométricas.

Metodología: Se convocó una primera muestra no probabilística de 101 terapeutas psicoanalíticos y cognitivo-conductuales que completaron una versión online de la escala basándose en la última sesión con un paciente adulto. Sobre la base de estos datos se realizaron análisis preliminares de confiabilidad y un análisis factorial exploratorio. Posteriormente, para validar la estructura factorial del instrumento, se realizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio, a partir de los datos de una nueva muestra de 213 terapeutas identificados con diversos marcos teóricos que completaron la escala.

Resultados: El análisis factorial exploratorio sugirió una primera solución de tres factores; como uno de ellos no contaba con el mínimo de ítems requerido por factor se excluyeron dichos ítems y se generó un nuevo análisis factorial que dio lugar a una solución de dos factores, que explicaron el 71,1% de la varianza total. Los coeficientes α ordinales presentaron niveles adecuados de confiabilidad en ambos factores. El análisis factorial confirmatorio, mostró que todas las cargas estandarizadas estimadas de los nueve ítems, presentaron parámetros significativos (p<0,001).

Discusión: La EIC se presenta como una escala, que cuenta con evidencias de validez y confiabilidad, que por ser un instrumento breve y sencillo de administrar puede representar un aporte valioso para los estudios orientados a evaluar intervenciones psicoterapéuticas en el contexto latinoamericano.