bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formation of Legal Relations for Service Provision in Pre-Classical Roman Law of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation
Authors: Pestov M.M.
Published: December 2023

The article is about formation of legal relations for service provision in Pre-classical Roman Law. The attention to this historical period is bound with a pursuit to designate roots of modern service agreement given intention of its modernization. The article aims to shape features of service provision relation in isolation from its contractual form elaborated in Classical Roman Law. Such approach is confirmed by results of modern discussion about hiring labor in Ancient Law. The author focuses on the person of a wage worker. In the article his socioeconomic position is analyzed with a special attention to disregard for paid labor. This disregard is explained in analyzing of juridical status of a wage worker. Studying of his socioeconomic and juridical positions led to the conclusion that Pre-classical Roman Law is characterized by hierarchical relations between a wage worker and his employer. This feature is tied with diminution of juridical status of a person providing his work for pater familias and entering for this reason into his family. The subjection of a wage worker to his employer is manifested by special jurisdiction over a worker who stole stuff of pater familias as well as by risk distribution in case of accidental impossibility to execute work.
Legal Relationship Arising During Negotiations Under the Russian Law: Anti-Tort Concept
Authors: Raynikov A.S.
Published: December 2023

The tort concept of precontractual liability denies the idea of existence of the obligation based on the fact of entering negotiations itself. The article is devoted to analysis of this concept in the context of experience in legal regulation of negotiations in the countries with developed law system and current political and legal considerations which are relevant for Russian civil law and judicial practice. As a result of such analysis it has been concluded that the scope of the Russian tort law with regard to violations committed during negotiations is confined to a narrow range of situations.
Logical Reduction as an Alternative to Rhetorical Generalisation: O.S. Ioffe’s Conception of the Subjective Right in Civil Law
Authors: Tretyakov S.V.
Published: December 2023

This is a theoretical reconstruction of the Russian prominent civil law scholar O.S. Ioffe’s conception of subjective right. O.S. Ioffe’s conception has its doctrinal origins in the imperative theory of law, namely, its German version of August Thon. O.S. Ioffe’s conception of subjective right is classified as the most significant variant of the analytical reduction of subjective right to Anspruch (a German equivalent of the Hohfeldian claim-right). Basic strengths and weaknesses of O.S. Ioffe’s theory have been demonstrated. Although O.S. Ioffe’s reductionism has significant theoretical flaws and fails to explain the concept of subjective right, it has had a longstanding positive impact as the most sophisticated and rigorous alternative to the dominant conception of S.N. Bratus.
Dynamic safety management model for rail traffic control
Authors: Ilczuk Przemysław , Kycko Magdalena , Szmel Dariusz
Published: December 2023

In rail transport, increasing emphasis has been placed in recent years on improving safety levels. Therefore, more requirements and legal documents require risk analyses to be carried out at various stages of investment implementation. One of the leading legal documents that introduce the obligation to monitor risk is Directive (EU) 2016/798 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2016 on railway safety and Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 402/2013 of 30 April 2013 on the common safety method for risk evaluation and assessment and re-pealing Regulation (EC) No 352/2009. Additionally, for traffic control systems, the requirements of CENELEC standards are mandatory. These documents present the subject of safety level and show its relation with the safety targets defined in the railway system, including the different ways of measuring them. Methods are also available to analyse the safety level of railway system components in detail, both at the level of individual components, subsystems, and the whole national railway system. However, after conducting an in-depth analysis of the literature, the authors of the article indicate that these methods are not consistent with each other. There is no method defined to present the direct relation of the safety level of the components of the system on the achievement of safety targets for the national railway system. The research and analysis aimed to define an approach, a method that would meet all legal requirements but at the same time would allow to clearly and reliably determine the safety level of the railway system. To define a unified approach, the authors of the article propose to develop a model of a dynamic object - a railway system safety model, which has also been verified on accurate safety data in rail transport in recent years. This model organises the process of safety management on railways and allows to determine values influencing the achievement of safety targets on an assumed level.
Attitudes of University of Applied Health Sciences Students Towards Obese Individuals
Authors: Takšić Iva , Radman Morana , Peček Martin
Published: December 2023

Obesity is the term used to describe the excessive accumulation of body fat in relation to lean body mass. Obesity has many potential causes, such as genetics, alcohol consumption, use of various medications, psychological issues, reduced physical activity, and metabolic diseases. Since healthcare professionals are in daily contact with overweight and obese individuals, they play a crucial role in providing psychological support. The aim of this study was to examine the attitudes of students at the University of Applied Health Sciences towards obese individuals, as well as some determinants in predicting attitudes towards obesity. The study involved 200 students from different years and programs at the University of Applied Health Sciences. The results show that there is a statistically significant difference between male and female students in expressing negative responses, with male students being more prone to expressing more negative attitudes towards obesity. It was also observed that there was no statistically significant difference between full-time and part-time students, and physiological data were not associated with expressing more negative attitudes towards obesity. The most significant predictor in predicting a negative attitude towards obesity was satisfaction with one’s own body weight.
Особливості формування інституційного середовища національного туристичного бізнесу
Authors: Збарський Василь , Кальченко Сергій , Газуда Сергій
Published: December 2023

Забезпечення ефективного функціонування національної сфери рекреаційних послуг нині стає важливим напрямом внутрішньої економічної політики. Його діяльність не тільки є одним із завдань регіональних програм соціальноекономічного розвитку, які презентуються відповідними державними інститутами. Туристичний бізнес являє собою індикатор статусу країни, є показником її відповідності соціальним стандартам ЄС. Разом із цим забезпечення ефективного функціонування сфери надання рекреаційних послуг за сучасних умов потребує належного інституційного забезпечення. У статті проаналізовано теоретичні аспекти розвитку туристичної галузі на засадах інституційного підходу. Обґрунтовано об’єктивну природу попиту населення на рекреаційні послуги як форми задоволення потреби в забезпеченні здорового способу життя. Висвітлено особливості генезису туристичного бізнесу та його взаємопов’язаності із загальними векторами еволюційного розвитку європейської цивілізації. Проаналізовано сучасні проблеми розвитку туристичної галузі та форми їхнього вирішення у провідних країнах світу.

Ключові слова: рекреаційна діяльність, інститут, туризм, інституція, сталий розвиток.
Зарубіжний досвід розвитку сільських територій
Authors: Готра Вікторія , Ковач Аліна
Published: December 2023

У статті розглянуто міжнародний досвід розвитку сільських територій. Особливу увагу приділено вивченню концепцій інституційного та організаційно-економічного розвитку зазначених територій України на основі використання досвіду країн-членів ЄС, США та Канади. Кооперацію визначено як один із стратегічних напрямів розвитку українського села та узагальнено необхідні умови для розвитку сільських територій в Україні.Ключові слова: сільські території, стратегія, розвиток, кооперація, деpжавна підтримка, інфраструктура, регіональна політика.
Економічна сутність та чинники впливу інфраструктурного забезпечення інноваційно-інвестиційного процесу на розвиток сільських територій
Authors: Герзанич Віталій , Петрецький Іван
Published: December 2023

У статті розглянуто теоретичні підходи до розуміння понять сільської території, інноваційно-інвестиційного процесу, інфраструктурного забезпечення інноваційної та інвестиційної діяльності. Беручи до уваги узагальнення фахових науково-теоретичних джерел та спеціалізованої літератури, сформовано авторське визначення поняття «інфраструктурне забезпечення інноваційно-інвестиційного процесу розвитку сільських територій». На основі деталізації складових елементів інфраструктурного забезпечення інноваційно-інвестиційного процесу в сільській території, їх завдань та функцій виявлено чинники впливу інфраструктурного забезпечення інноваційних трансформацій на розвиток зазначених територій, ключовими серед яких є: правові, фінансово-інвестиційні, організаційно-управлінські, психологічно-мотиваційні, економіко-консультаційні, інформаційні, кадрові, промислово-технологічні, маркетингові, соціально-економічні. Сформовано перспективи формування інфраструктурного забезпечення інноваційно-інвестиційного процесу розвитку сільських територій. Ключові слова: розвиток сільських територій, інноваційно-інвестиційний процес, інфраструктурне забезпечення, чинники формування інфраструктурного забезпечення, сільські території
Соціальний феномен міграції в контексті транснаціональної концепції та проблеми асиміляції мігрантів
Authors: Шелемба Михайло , Шелемба Марта
Published: December 2023

У статті представлено систематизацію наукових підходів стосовно розвитку транснаціональної концепції, розкрито соціальний феномен міграції в цьому контексті та визначено проблеми асиміляції мігрантів в ЄС та Україні. Доведено, що транснаціональний підхід у дослідженнях міграції може розглядатися як дослідницька перспектива для вивчення феномену перетину кордонів. Встановлено, що Україна, як і ЄС, на загальному наднаціональному рівні використовує типи транснаціональних соціальних просторів, передбачених у дослідженні Т. Файста.Ключові слова: міграція, транснаціональна концепція, асиміляція мігрантів, квоти, міграційна модель, ідентичність, транснаціоналізм.
Україна після ратифікації Угоди про асоціацію
Authors: Зуб Світлана
Published: December 2023

У статті розглянуто Угоду про асоціацію між ЄС та Україною як всеосяжний договір, який охоплює політичні та економічні відносини обох сторін. Акцентовано, що Угода перетворилась із символу на засіб руху вперед. Обґрунтовано, що максимально ефективно скористатись модернізаційним потенціалом Угоди Україна зможе лише за умови чіткого, своєчасного та повного виконання своїх зобов’язань. Зазначене вимагатиме розуміння сучасних соціально-економічних проблем та процесів, відповідних політичних зусиль, інституційних спроможностей та фінансових витрат. Наголошено на позитивних ефектах від запровадження Угоди, на впливі, який асоціація має на майбутнє України. Проаналізовано істотні суспільно-політичні і економічні трансформації, які відбулись в Україні за цей час. Відзначено, що змінився рівень політичних свобод, підвищились роль громадянського суспільства, рівень свідомості, запиту на реформи в суспільстві та усвідомлення своєї конкурентоспроможності в бізнесі. Акцентовано, що Угода про асоціацію є гнучким інструментом, який дозволяє Україні рухатись вперед та адаптуватись до нових форм діяльності.Ключові слова: Угода про асоціацію, Європейський Союз, Україна, європейська інтеграція, міжнародні відносини.
Питання зовнішньої політики України в контексті євроатлантичної інтеграції
Authors: Ботвінов Ростислав , Гірман Алла , Грачевська Таміла
Published: December 2023

Статтю присвячено аналізу постколоніального пошуку власної ідентичності України. Століття перебування в статусі колонії супроводжувалися репресивними заходами з метою придушення національної ідентичності. Саме це спричинило деструктивний вплив на здатність українського суспільства до побудови держави, що проявило себе в період незалежності. Особливу увагу приділено проблемам посткомуністичних політичних трансформацій, специфіці демократичного транзиту в Україні та його впливу на українську зовнішню політику. Охарактеризовано кілька періодів формування напрямів зовнішньої політики України.

Розглянуто роль чинників процесів глобалізації у формуванні зовнішньої політики України. Висвітлено питання побудови європейської безпеки на основі «натоцентризму».

Ключові слова: зовнішня політика України, НАТО, глобалізація, євроатлантична інтеграція, модернізація, партнерство, угоди.
¿De qué hablamos cuando hablamos de democratización de las prácticas en la universidad pública?
Authors: Justianovich Silvina
Published: December 2023

El presente artículo tiene como propósito compartir algunas notas y reflexiones sobre el proceso de crecimiento y consolidación de la oferta de carreras de pregrado que la Universidad Nacional de La Plata viene experimentando en los últimos años. Se trata de un fenómeno que encuentra elementos comunes con otras universidades nacionales, dado el conjunto de transformaciones que atraviesa al sistema educativo universitario en su conjunto; y sobre el que es posible advertir diversas dimensiones político-institucionales, normativo-reglamentarias, propias de los proyectos y políticas de gestión en las diferentes escalas del sistema, marcas epocales que interpelan profundamente las prácticas de enseñanza, aprendizaje y formación profesional en la actualidad, entre otras. 

El artículo se encuentra organizado en tres momentos: en primer lugar, se ofrece como encuadre inicial algunas posiciones político-pedagógicas desde donde se presenta el trabajo. En segundo lugar, se retoman las dimensiones mencionadas anteriormente para poder caracterizar el caso de la UNLP e inscribirlo en el proceso de transformación más amplio en el que el sistema educativo universitario se encuentra. A partir de esta caracterización, se definen y presentan algunas tensiones de este proceso. Y en tercer y último lugar, se dejan planteadas algunas reflexiones finales vinculadas con el dossier que nos ocupa.
Educación a Distancia en la universidad: los desafíos de la modalidad en Derecho y Ciencias Políticas de UNLaM
Authors: Marín Laura , Stimoli Carolina , Caronte Pamela , Fritz Romina , Fernández Verónica , Aulicino Magalí
Published: December 2023

En el Departamento de Derecho y Ciencia Política de UNLaM, estamos llevando a cabo una investigación que intentará dar cuenta de los desafíos que los docentes a cargo de asignaturas de Educación a Distancia afrontan respecto al diseño, planificación, didáctica y evaluación de su propuesta de enseñanza.
Por otra parte, contemplará las dificultades y obstáculos propios de la implementación de dicha modalidad de acuerdo a los niveles de capacitación y desarrollo de técnicas para su concreción, insumos y propuesta departamental.
La educación en entornos virtuales impone en algunos casos, modelos educativos de semipresencialidad, incorporando una bimodalidad al interior de la Educación a Distancia. El formato implica amplias transformaciones que deben articularse mediante una planificación estratégica ya que requieren de cambios en las competencias y actividades de los docentes y autoridades, en el tipo de estudiante, en los procesos de aprendizaje, en los recursos tecnológicos y en la currícula.
La investigación, además, realizará análisis, interpretación y sistematización de la información obtenida mediante encuestas y entrevistas a informantes clave con el propósito de recuperar los aspectos individuales como así también organizativo- institucionales que permitan enriquecer el abordaje. También intentará producir conocimiento sobre esta modalidad de enseñanza en las carreras del departamento.
Tecnologías disruptivas y prácticas tecno-pedagógicas: redefiniendo la educación superior en la era digital
Authors: Rivarola Marcela , Aguirre Céliz Cecilia , Domínguez Maria Belén
Published: December 2023

La tecnología juega un papel importante en la educación superior desde hace algunas décadas. Esto conlleva la necesidad de adaptar las prácticas educativas a los nuevos formatos y herramientas que van surgiendo. Conocer y comprender los conceptos emergentes en el contexto socio cultural y educativo mediado por tecnologías resulta imperioso, en tanto favorecerá la implementación fundamentada de las prácticas tecno-pedagógicas, así como la interpretación de los resultados de su implementación. Considerando la diversidad de conceptualizaciones y la ambigüedad que a menudo se observa en la literatura respecto a la interpretación de las mismas, el objetivo de este trabajo es revisar los conceptos más relevantes que permitirán redefinir prácticas tradicionales y dar basamento a prácticas tecno-pedagógicas innovadoras que hacen uso de tecnologías disruptivas. Esta revisión se constituye como el primer objetivo de un proyecto de investigación relacionado con las prácticas tecno-pedagógicas disruptivas en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje en la universidad. Se revisarán los significados de tecnologías disruptivas, materiales educativos y alfabetización transmedia. Luego, haremos referencia a prácticas tales como curaduría de contenidos digitales, mashup y remixado de materiales. Finalmente, exploraremos las posibilidades y desafíos que ofrecen las redes sociales para acercarnos de una manera novedosa a nuestros estudiantes.
Dynamic Behavior of Sheet Pile in Sand under the Influence of Vibration
Authors: Noora J. Mousa  , Waad A. Zakaria
Published: December 2023

This article includes an experimental investigation into the behavior of a vibratory force-exposed sheet pile set in sand. The study goal is to provide a parametric study. Regarding how vibrations affect the sheet pile's movement and rotation after layering the soil in a steel container with internal dimensions of 900 mm length, 400 mm wide and 400 mm high, a steel sheet pile with the dimensions of 350 mm length, 20 mm width and 0.5 mm thickness was inserted into the soil. The results showed that the speed, acceleration, and displacement increased with increasing the frequency of the vibration source when the source of vibration was situated at a distance of (D distance = H height of the sheet pile) and exposed to varied frequencies (5, 10, 15) Hz. As frequency is a type of energy, increased frequency will thus eventually cause more disturbance. The disturbance and its consequences on the soil will eventually increase as the frequency rises.
Rutile to tourmaline index – a tool for the recognition of the hydrodynamics of the depositional environment; a case study from the Campanian Szozdy Delta System, SE Poland
Authors: Cyglicki Michał , Remin Zbigniew
Published: December 2023

The newly discovered mid-Campanian Szozdy Delta System (Roztocze Hills, SE Poland) located in the southern part of the Polish Cretaceous Basin, at the northern edge of the Łysogóry-Dobrogea Land, has revealed interesting features concerning the relationship between the abundance of rutile and tourmaline. A distinct inverse relationship between rutile and tourmaline can be readily recognised in the succeeding units of the tripartite cyclothems (calcareous mudstone, calcareous sandstone, and calcareous gaize) representing the submarine part of the Szozdy Delta System. In the Szozdy section, both minerals are of similar shape (highly rounded), durability, and size; they are, however, characterised by markedly different densities. Therefore, it might be expected that these two mineral phases will be strongly dependent, both vertically and spatially, on the local energy of the sedimentary environment hydrodynamic power that existed during the deposition of the succeeding units of the cyclothems. The lighter tourmaline was likely transported further to the more quiescent prodelta environment, rendering the prodelta facies overrepresented in this mineral, whereas the heavier rutile was deposited closer to the river discharge. Such relative change in the abundance of these two mineral phases, emphasised by a standardised Z-score statistics, is referred here to as rutile to tourmaline index (RuTidx). Accordingly, as the RuTidx increases, the hydrodynamic power in the sedimentary environment increases as well. Since these two mineral phases are comparatively immune to alteration during the sedimentary cycle, the RuTidx is considered here to be an independent tool in recognising the hydrodynamics of the depositional environments of any age.
Pregabalin produces similar effects as gabapentin for preanesthetic sedation in cats
Authors: Madan Rahul D. , Cenani Alessia , Montgomery Elizabeth , Azevedo Tatiana , Vernau Karen M. , Brosnan Robert J.
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE

To compare the effects of oral pregabalin versus gabapentin on sedation quality and anesthesia recovery times in cats in a typical perioperative setting.

ANIMALS

50 healthy cats with > 1 kg body weight presenting for elective surgery.

METHODS

In this randomized, prospective clinical trial, cats presenting to the University of California-Davis Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital were assigned to receive buprenorphine 0.02 mg/kg IM followed by 1 of 2 oral sedation treatments: pregabalin 4 mg/kg or gabapentin 10 mg/kg. Cats were then anesthetized using a standardized protocol. Physical examination parameters and behavioral scores were measured by 2 treatment-blinded veterinarians to compare sedation levels before and after drug administration. Inadequate sedation for handling or IV catheter placement was addressed by dexmedetomidine administration. After surgery was completed, anesthesia recovery times and quality were assessed by the same veterinarians. The effects of pregabalin versus gabapentin on body temperature, respiratory rate, and heart rate were analyzed using Student t tests; behavioral assessments were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests; and drug treatment effects on dexmedetomidine sedation rescue and frequency of delirium during anesthetic recovery were analyzed using Fisher exact tests. A P < .05 indicated statistical significance.

RESULTS

There was no significant difference in change of physiologic parameters or sedation scores before and after sedation between groups. The need for rescue sedation for IV catheter placement and the incidence of emergence delirium were infrequent and similar for both treatments.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

At the doses studied, oral pregabalin and gabapentin produced indistinguishable effects as adjunctive perioperative sedation agents in cats.
Radiographic and computed tomographic evaluation of tracheal diameter and length in kittens
Authors: Seo Daeyun , Kang Kyuyong , Lim Seongsoo , Namgoong Beomkwan , Choe Ahreum , Uhm Heesung , Hong Hyeajeong , Lee Nanju , Kim Isong , Heo Seunghun , Kim Min-Su
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE

To measure the tracheal diameter and length in kittens using radiography and CT and to evaluate the concordance between measurements obtained with these 2 modalities.

ANIMALS

15 kittens with an estimated age of 12 weeks and mean body weight of 1.49 kg.

METHODS

Radiographic and CT images were retrospectively evaluated to measure tracheal lengths and diameters. Tracheal diameters were measured at 5 different sites (A [at the level of the C2-3 intervertebral disk space], B [at the level of the C4-5 intervertebral disk space], C [at the cranial end of the manubrium sterni], D [at the level of the second rib], and E [1 cm cranial to the carina]) along the trachea. The cross-sectional area and transverse and vertical diameter ratios were calculated for each measurement site.

RESULTS

The cross-sectional area was largest at site A and decreased from site C to site E. Based on the vertical diameter ratio, the tracheal shape was most circular at sites A and E, whereas from sites B to D, it was elliptical. The vertical diameters of the trachea on radiography and CT did not differ statistically significantly. However, the tracheal length measured on radiography was approximately 6 mm longer than that measured on CT (P < .05).

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Using the first rib as an anatomical reference, the placement of a cuffed endotracheal tube is recommended in kittens. In emergency situations, regression equations based on body weight may be helpful in predicting tracheal diameters.
Making internal audit count
Authors: Barra Kevin De
Published: December 2023

In recent years the role of the internal audit function has gained increasing prominence and is now seen as a cornerstone in the overall governance of public sector bodies. This article explores the experience of 127 public sector bodies and illuminates key insights for public sector bodies seeking to realise more meaningful results from the efforts currently directed towards the internal audit function. Among the most significant research findings is the evidence that the function is not viewed by its most key stakeholders as a primary driver of continuous improvement. This finding identifies a disconnect between the real-world practice of internal audit function and the definition of the function across relevant academic literature, public policy and practitioner guidance. The author concludes that an overemphasis on assurance activities can be to the detriment of the other value-add functions which the internal audit function can deliver. While currently widely viewed as a divorced function, the real value of internal audit will only be realised by integrating it within the organisation. Such integration will allow the sharing of enterprise-wide learning, thus enabling the function to become a primary driver of a permanent culture of continuous improvement.
Application of Machine Learning in Estimating Milk Yield According to the Phenotypic and Pedigree Data of Holstein-Friesian Cattle in Serbia
Authors: Tarjan Laslo , Šenk Ivana , Pracner Doni , Štrbac Ljuba , Šaran Momčilo , Ivković Mirko , Dedović Nebojša
Published: December 2023

This paper presents a deep neural network (DNN) approach designed to estimate the milk yield of Holstein-Friesian cattle. The DNN comprised stacked dense (fully connected) layers, each hidden layer followed by a dropout layer. Various configurations of the DNN were tested, incorporating 2 and 3 hidden layers containing 8 to 54 neurons. The experiment involved testing the DNN with different activation functions such as the sigmoid, tanh, and rectified linear unit (ReLU). The dropout rates ranging from 0 to 0.3 were employed, with the output layer using a linear activation function. The DNN models were trained using the Adam, SGD, and RMSprop optimizers, with the root mean square error serving as the loss metric. The training dataset comprised information from a unique database containing records of dairy cows in the Republic of Serbia, totaling 3,406 cows. The input parameters (a total of 27) for the DNN included breeding and milk yield data from the cow’s mother, as well as the father’s ID, whereas the output parameters (a total of 8) consisted of milk yield parameters (a total of 3) and breeding parameters of the cow (a total of 5). Training iterations were conducted using a batch size of 8 over 500, 1000, and 5000 epochs.
The Complex Club-Fan Relationship: A Glimpse into Stakeholders’ Experience With the Aggressive Interventions of Fans
Authors: Lebed Felix , Zach Sima , Morgulev Elia , Fischl Dita
Published: December 2023

This study aims to understand the club-fan relationship from the standpoint of club owners, CEOs, and head coaches (i.e., managers). Eight in-depth interviews were conducted with prominent figures from professional football and basketball in Israel. The current findings indicate that while clubs need the support of their fans, they often find themselves struggling with their aggressive behavior and demands to influence the club’s decision-making processes. First, this qualitative research provides an important insight into the unique experience of pivotal decision-makers in professional sports. Second, we apply thecomplexitylens to discuss the challenges faced by such stakeholders when trying to manage fans’ disruptive interventions.
The Anti-Gender Movement and Its Central and East European Main Actors
Authors: Desperak Izabela
Published: December 2023

This paper focuses on the anti-gender movement in Central and Eastern Europe, as a part of the global phenomenon. Based on both the subject literature and the author’s own research, it points out its anti-democratic character and its role in de-democratizing change in the region. Although the main features and strategies of the movement are common on the global or European levels, its developments in the CEE region are unique: the state policies incorporate the political agenda of the anti-gender movement or even the actors of the anti-gender movement effectively affect the state policies. As the main actors apply the strategy of staying behind the curtain and steering from the backseat, the main research problem lies in revealing their role, which is why the most successful analyses result from combining local research with the international exchange of findings and comparative analysis. The anti-gender movement in the CEE region has succeeded in two main fields: anti- abortion and anti-LGBT+ policies, and these two fields are taken into account in the paper, while the others are only mentioned. State homophobia is associated with Putin’s Russia, especially after February 24, 2022, it is also typical for several countries of the CE region, including European Union member states. Strict anti-abortion law has been developed in Poland, which is why author’s research focuses on this aspect. The case study analysis of Ordo Iuris, the Polish flagship of the local anti-gender movement, offers a significant example of a local level of the anti gender network.
Book Review: Wei Ye, China’s Education Aid to Africa: Fragmented Soft Power, London: Routledge, 2023.
Authors: Ferreira-Meyers Karen
Published: December 2023

In China’s Education Aid to Africa, Ye navigates the complex terrain of China’s engagement with Africa through the lens of education aid, offering a critical realist examination with a specific focus on Ethiopia. The preface sets the stage, highlighting misconceptions about China’s soft power strategy in Africa and underscores the lack of a clear overarching strategy. The subsequent chapters delve into the theoretical foundations, perspectives on foreign aid, and existing research on China’s education aid to Africa, ultimately presenting a transformative model for understanding China’s distinctive approach. The author expresses gratitude for the support received during fieldwork in Ethiopia, conducted amidst the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. This personal touch adds depth to the narrative, offering readers insight into the researcher’s experiences and the real-world implications of studying soft power dynamics during a global crisis.
Pleasure of Pain: Interrogating the Concept of Masochism in Jean Rhys’ Novels
Authors: Renjith Sreelakshmi
Published: December 2023

The novels of Jean Rhys (1890-1979), published in the 1900s, championed a new corpus of feminist writing, with emphasis laid on the trials and tribulations of twentieth-century women. The psychological trauma experienced by women because of contemporary social codes, forms the prime concern of Rhys, presenting a unique way of tackling gender issues. This article explores the masochistic tendencies that constantly overshadow Rhys’ works in the context of female characters’ relishing their bleak, morbid life. Through a detailed analysis of her novels Quartet (1928) and Good Morning, Midnight (1939), the article argues that Rhys’ use of masochism is a literary device meant to emphasize the magnanimity of the female personae, as opposed to the sexually pervasive masochism identified by twentieth-century psychoanalytic theorists.
Pemetaan Zona Potensial Penangkapan Ikan (ZPPI) Di Perairan Selat Bali Menggunakan Citra Satelit Aqua MODIS
Authors: Lestari Ni Kadek Ayu Dwi , Putra I Dewa Nyoman Nurweda , Puspitha Ni Luh Putu Ria
Published: December 2023

The abundance and distribution of fish are influenced by environmental productivity, such as chlorophyll-a distribution and variations in sea surface temperature (SST). The lack of technology fishermen use in the waters of the Bali Strait has resulted in the high potential of fish resources not being optimally utilized. This study aimed to determine potential fishing zones by utilizing Aqua MODIS satellite data which can detect SST and chlorophyll-a. The image data observed was from October to December 2018 to 2020. The method used is the Single Image Edge Detection Algorithm, where this algorithm is used to determine potential fishing areas designed to detect fronts in SST images. The results showed that in December 2018, 7 potential fishing points were produced, marked with a chlorophyll-a value of 0.25 mg/m3 and an SST of 29.25°C. In December 2020, 82 potential fishing points were produced, with a chlorophyll-a value of 0.31 mg/m3 and an SPL of 29.79°C. Validation was carried out by analyzing the result of image processing with fish catch data obtained from Pengambengan PPN, Muncar PPP, and Kedonganan TPI. SST, with a value of 27°C, is the ideal temperature for fish where when the temperature increases, the number of potential fish catch points decreases and vice versa. The distribution of chlorophyll-a content with a value of > 0.2 mg/m3 affects the number of potential fishing points, where the higher the chlorophyll-a content, the more fishing ground points and vice versa.
Karakteristik Enkapsulat Ekstrak Daun Singkong (Manihot esculenta C.) pada Perlakuan Perbandingan Gelatin dan Maltodekstrin
Authors: Br Ginting Viona Valentine , Wartini Ni Made , Wrasiati Luh Putu
Published: December 2023

Cassava plants (Manihot esculeta C.) are shrubs that have many benefits. Cassava leaves have high chlorophyll  pigments so the       y have potential as a natural green colorant. Encapsulation of cassava leaf dye extract needs to be done make it more pratical to use and easy to package. This study aims to determine the effect of the ratio gelatin  and maltodextrin  on the characteristics of cassava leaf extract encapsulates and to determine the best treatment to obtain cassava leaf extract encapsulates. The treatment in this study consisted of 7 levels of gelatin and maltodextrin ratio, namely (1 : 0), (1 : 1), (1 : 1,5), (1 : 2),(1 : 2,5), (1 : 3), (0 : 1). The results showed that the interaction of the encpasulated treatment of cassava leaf extract had an effect on the yield, solubility and moisture content but had no effect on total chlorophyll and encapsulation efficiency. The best treatment was found in the ratio of gelatin and maltodextrin  (1:2,5) with a yield value of 83,77 ±  2,0% , moisture content of 10,9 ± 3,8%, solubility of 88,47 ± 9,4%, total chlorophyll of 3,57 ±0,08 ppm, and encapsulation efficiency of 23,5 ± 0,6%

Keywords : cassava leaves, encapsulation, gelatin, maltodextrin

Tanaman singkong (Manihot esculenta C.) merupakan tanaman perdu yang memiliki banyak manfaat. Daun singkong memiliki pigmen klorofil yan tinggi sehinga berpotensi sebagai pewarna hijau alami. Enkapsulasi ekstrak pewarna daun singkong perlu dilakukan agar lebih praktis penggunaannya dan mudah untuk dikemas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbandingan gelatin dan maltodekstrin terhadap karakateritik enkapsulat ektrak daun singkong dan untuk menentukan perlakuan terbaik untuk mendapatkan enkapsulat ekstrak daun singkong. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini terdiri dari 7 taraf perbandingan gelatin dan maltodekstrin yaitu : (1 : 0), (1 : 1), (1 : 1,5), (1 : 2),(1 : 2,5), (1 : 3), (0 : 1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan interaksi perlakuan enkapsulat ekstrak pewarna daun singkong berpengaruh terhadap rendemen, kelarutan dan kadar air  namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap klorofil total dan efisiensi enkapsulasi. Perlakuan terbaik terdapat pada perbandingan gelatin dan maltodesktrin (1:2,5) dengan nilai rendemen 83,77 ± 2,0%, kadar air 10,9 ± 3,8%, kelarutan 88,47 ± 9,4%, klorofil total 3,57 ±0,08 ppm, dan efisiensi enkapsulasi 23,5  ± 0,6%.

Kata kunci : daun singkong, enkapsulasi, gelatin, maltodekstrin.
Knowledge and Attitude to Eye Disorders among pediatricians in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almazrou Abdulrhman , Aladawi Abdulrahman , Alswayed Sarah , AlSuhaibani Renad , Abukhaled Jana , Alqahtani Nadeef , Alz Noura
Published: December 2023

Background: Pediatric eye disease can affect any part of the eye and potentially lead to a permanent eye injury. The study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of pediatricians in Saudi Arabia towards common eye conditions in children.
Methods:
A self-administered questionnaire, distributed online and in hard copy, measured responses from 105 participants using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for analysis. Participants had a mean age of 32 ± 9.0 years and a mean practice experience of 6 ± 6.8 years, with 59% being female and 56.2% pediatric residents.
Results:
The causes of a red painful eye were identified, with glaucoma (96.5%), conjunctivitis (95.2%), corneal abrasions/trauma (93.3%), and uveitis (89.5%) being most commonly reported. Leukocoria was recognized as sight-threatening by 89.5% and life-threatening by 88.6% of participants. Causes of strabismus, including central causes (89.5%) and amblyopia (88.6%), were acknowledged. Signs of congenital glaucoma, such as a large cornea (88.6%), hazy cornea (86.7%), and excessive tearing (76.2%), were well-identified. Approximately 70.5% of participants conducted eye examinations for children, citing a lack of equipment as the main obstacle. For retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening, 59% would refer premature babies at 4-6 weeks or 32 weeks. Immediate referral to an ophthalmologist for painful red eyes was endorsed by 82%, while 9.5% suggested eye drops. A high percentage (92.4%) would promptly refer cases of strabismus to an ophthalmologist.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, pediatricians exhibited good knowledge of common eye disorders but demonstrated a need for improved understanding of retinopathy of prematurity and the importance of regular eye examinations. Initiatives like workshops and educational programs are recommended for enhancing knowledge in pediatric eye diseases.
The prevalence of postpartum depression during the COVID-19 pandemic among women in Taif city
Authors: Filfilan Nuha , Alsukhayri Fai , Alamri Wejdan , Althubait Rawabi , Althobaiti Ghaida
Published: December 2023

Objective:
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) among a sample of Saudi women in Taif city, Saudi Arabia.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 92 women. A questionnaire was used to collect data about participants\' demographics, medical and obstetric history, feeling about pregnancy and difficult times faced throughout life, perceived bouts of PPD during the COVID-19 pandemic and its causes, family history of depression, social support and PPD awareness. The Arabic version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression scale (EPD) was used to assess PPD prevalence.
Results:
Total 54% of studied women had bouts of PPD during the COVID-19 pandemic. The most common causes were feeling of danger to oneself and the newborn (37%). Of them, 34.8% and 39.1% had unsupportive husbands and families, respectively. While 87% had PPD based on the EPD scores, only about 48.9% reported being aware of PPD. Married women, who had health problems during pregnancy, who had bouts of PPD during the Corona pandemic 6-12 months prior to taking the questionnaire and who had these bouts because of the feeling of danger to oneself and the newborn had a significantly higher percentage of having PPD.
Conclusion:
The study revealed a high prevalence of PPD among studied women. Social support and screening of mothers after delivery for PPD is needed for early management and intervention.
La posibilidad de la dirección pública profesional en los gobiernos locales. Su funcionalidad y viabilidad jurídica
Authors: Fariña Guillén J. Fernando
Published: December 2023

Las organizaciones públicas locales, para acometer los procesos de modernización y de mejora institucional que les permitan dar respuesta a los distintos retos y desafíos que deben afrontar en la actualidad, necesitan consolidar un sistema de gestión orientando al logro de resultados y a una prestación de los servicios públicos basada en la calidad, la proximidad y en proporcionar una respuesta eficaz a las demandas y necesidades ciudadanas. Procesos que precisan gobierno efectivo, liderazgo, dirección profesional, iniciativa y visión estratégica, a través de los cuales se pueda consolidar, además, un modelo de gobernanza basado en la colaboración, la solidaridad y la implicación colectiva.La dirección pública profesional se concibe como una de las piezas fundamentales del entramado organizacional para nuestras entidades locales, inspirada en unos principios (planificación, dirección por objetivos, evaluación de los resultados alcanzados, …) acordes con el papel que les corresponde desempeñar y desde la responsabilidad de conseguir una prestación eficaz y satisfactoria de los servicios públicos.En este artículo se expone y justifica la importancia de la dirección pública profesional en las organizaciones locales, las limitaciones formales y culturales existentes para su efectiva inserción, así como los criterios en los que se fundamenta su actuación y el ejercicio de las funciones directivas.
La gestión de personal en las pequeñas y medianas entidades locales (PYMEL): su realidad y posibilidades de mejora
Authors: Losa Muñiz Virginia
Published: December 2023

El problema de la infra municipalidad en nuestro país arroja una situación en la gestión diaria de los municipios altamente preocupante en materia de gestión de personal. La falta de recursos materiales y personales, unida a la poca especialización en una materia tan diversa y cambiante como es la gestión de recursos humanos en los pequeños municipios hace que nos encontremos ante un panorama alarmante, que no puede demorar más tiempo su intervención, ya sea mediante reformas normativas que agilicen y flexibilicen la gestión de personal, ya sea con la especial intervención de las entidades supramunicipales. El personal adecuado y su gestión en la administración pública es el mayor activo para atender las demandas ciudadanas.
Hermeneutische Empathie in der Klientenzentrierten Psychotherapie
Authors: Keil Wolfgang W.
Published: December 2023

Es wird die These vertreten, daß die Empathie in der klientenzentrierten Psychotherapie eine hermeneutische Funktion erfüllen muß. Dementsprechend beinhaltet das empathische Verstehen des Therapeuten mehr als das anfängliche Selbstverstehen des Klienten. Hermeneutik wird hier im Sinn von Gadamer verstanden. Hermeneutische Empathie versucht demnach in der Begegnung mit unvollständigem Klienten-Erleben dessen Ganzheit und Stimmigkeit aufzufinden. Im Empathieverständnis von Rogers und im Konzept der Wiederherstellung von Gendlin deutet sich diese hermeneutische Dimension an. Im Sinn der Theorie der zwischenmenschlichen Beziehungen von Rogers bieten vor allem die kongruenten nicht-akzeptierenden und nicht-verstehenden Reaktionen des Therapeuten den hermeneutischen Schlüssel zum Verstehen der Inkongruenz des Klienten. Ein Paradigma für die Entwicklung dieses Verstehens bietet Lorenzers Konzept des szenischen Verstehens bzw. m.E. die interaktionelle Orientierung von van Kessel & van der Linden.Die konkrete Umsetzung der hermeneutischen Empathie in der klientenzentrierten Therapie wird in Form von sich vertiefenden Schritten beschrieben. Zunächst muß der Therapeut seine wirklichen Reaktionen auf den Klienten genau wahrnehmen. Die nicht-verstehenden und nicht-akzeptierenden Reaktionen verweisen dabei am meisten auf die Inkongruenzen des Klienten. Unter Einbezug einer lebensgeschichtlichen Perspektive kann im weiteren die Entstehung, Not-wendigkeit und identitätsstützende Weiterentwicklung der Inkongruenz im Leben des Klienten intuitiv erschlossen werden. Im Fall von Inkongruenzen, die klassische psychische Störungen mit sich bringen, wird hermeneutisches Verstehen erst ermöglicht durch einfühlendes Wissen vom Wesen und der Entstehung solcher Störungen. Abschließend wird noch auf inkongruente Therapeutenreaktionen eingegangen. Diese verweisen nicht auf den Klienten, sondern sollten den Therapeuten zu einem adäquateren Selbstverstehen anregen. Erst dann ist er in der Lage, kongruent auf den Klienten zu reagieren. Die Hervorhebung der kongruenten nicht-akzeptierenden und nicht-verstehenden Therapeutenreaktionen soll hingegen deutlich machen, daß klientenzentrierte Empathie oberflächlich und unwirksam bliebe, wenn nicht auch ihre hermeneutische Dimension gesehen und umgesetzt wird.
Die Verbalisation des Selbst
Authors: Bruckbäck Maria
Published: December 2023

Die Verbalisationd es Selbst bedeutet den ernsthaften Versuch, sein gewordenes und werdendes Selbst subjektiv und prozeßorientiert zu verbalisieren.Die Möglichkeit eines Menschen, sein Selbst adäquat verbal zu äußern, setzt seine Bereitschaft sich zu öffnen, um um dieses Selbst zu erforschen, voraus. Soll bewußt vom Eigenen die Rede sein, ist die Anerkennung der inneren Bedürfnisse die notwendige Voraussetzung, um sie zur Sprache zu bringen, sie auszudrücken und sie als Beziehungsmittelpunkt inmitten des Verwoben- und Involviertseins mit der Umwelt wahrzunehmen.Dazu wird exemplarischd er Ansatz von Lacan,d er ein tiefes, nichtf aßbares Verständnisd er Struktur der Selbstverbalisation bietet und der Ansatz von Tamm, der einen Zugang zur Selbstverbalisationü ber die Reflexiond er eigenen Ansprüche und Leitideen gibt, beschrieben.Dieser Artikel bietet einen Beitrag zur Aussagefähigkeit des durch Krisen und Leid auf sich selbst verwiesenen und sich selbst reflektierenden Individuums im therapeutischen Prozeß.
A formação pela experiência: o caso da primeira ialorixá do Terreiro da Nação Xambá (PE)
Authors: Silva Tayanne Adrian Santana Morais da , Barreto Raylane Andreza Dias Navarro
Published: December 2023

Este artigo é fruto da análise da trajetória formativa de Maria das Dores da Silva (1900-1939), fundadora e primeira ialorixá do Terreiro de Santa Bárbara – Nação Xambá, terreiro de Candomblé localizado em Pernambuco. A pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar como o estudo sobre a formação dessa ialorixá contribui para o campo da História da Educação. Valendo-se metodologicamente da pesquisa bibliográfica, da pesquisa documental, da metodologia da História Oral e teoricamente da noção de educação não formal a partir de Gohn (2006) a pesquisa desvelou os processos formativos que compuseram a liderança religiosa de Maria Oyá, como ficou conhecida Maria das Dores da Silva, assim como revelou problemas de ser mulher, negra e praticante de religião de matriz afro-brasileira no período do Estado Novo (1937-1945) governado pelo então presidente Getúlio Vargas (1882-1954) que impediu as práticas religiosas que veneravam os orixás