bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Familienorientierte Kindertageseinrichtungen?
Authors: Kairies Christoph
Published: September 2024

Zusammenfassung: Im Beitrag werden ausgehend von Schlaglichtern auf Verhältnis und Zusammenarbeit von Familien und Kindertageseinrichtungen qualitative Interviewdaten aus dem Promotionsprojekt des Autors betrachtet. In einer weiten Fokussierung auf Familie und ihre Verwobenheit mit gesellschaftlichen Teilsystemen in der Alltagspraxis zeigen sich Spannungsfelder, in denen Eltern die Betreuung ihrer Kinder arrangieren und Kitas betrachten. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird in der Ergebnisdiskussion erstens nach einer Erweiterung der Konzepte der Erziehungs- und Bildungspartnerschaft um die Betreuungsfunktion gefragt. Zweitens wird die Sensibilisierung für die eigensinnigen familialen Betreuungsalltagslogiken als Ausgangspunkt einer familienspezifisch-orientierten Zusammenarbeit zwischen Eltern und pädagogischen Fachkräften vorgeschlagen.
„I Have to Be Everyone for the Kids“
Authors: Korn Franziska , Westphal Manuela
Published: September 2024

Zusammenfassung: In diesem Beitrag werden anhand einer Fallfamilie aus der DFG geförderten qualitativ-ethnographischen Studie „Wandel und Dynamik familiärer Generationsbeziehungen im Kontext von Flucht und Asyl“ (DyFam) erste Ergebnisse vorgestellt. Anknüpfend an den „doing family“-Ansatz ( Jurczyk, 2020 ) wurden in dieser Studie verschiedene Daten (Netzwerkkarten, Fotos, Videos, episodische Interviews, teilnehmende Beobachtungen) mit zehn geflüchteten Familien aus Somalia über einen längeren Zeitraum erhoben und mit der Dokumentarischen Methode ausgewertet. Anhand einer Fallfamilie werden Komplexität und Neugestaltung transnationaler Familienbeziehungen und elterliche Verantwortungen für Familienerziehung dargelegt. Abschließend werden die Ergebnisse und ihre Implikationen für die (früh)pädagogische Praxis diskutiert.
Der Übergang zum Geschwisterkind als pädagogische Gestaltungsaufgabe von Eltern
Authors: Jäde Sylvia , Bossek Jan Frederik
Published: September 2024

Zusammenfassung: Die Ausformung von Geschwisterbeziehungen kann als pädagogische Gestaltungsaufgabe von Eltern angesehen werden. Diese beginnt bereits mit dem Übergang zur erneuten Elternschaft und bleibt Teil der familialen Praxis. Geschwisterbeziehungen werden von Eltern schon vor der Geburt eines weiteren Kindes aktiv hergestellt. Etwa indem Eltern ihre Kinder mit zu vorgeburtlichen Vorsorgeuntersuchungen nehmen, ihnen das Baby zeigen und ihre älteren Kinder als ‚große Brüder/Schwestern‘ adressieren. Schon diese ersten Interaktionen zwischen Eltern, werdenden Geschwistern und ungeborenen Kindern haben pädagogischen Charakter und zielen auf die Beziehungsgestaltung der ‚werdenden‘ Geschwister. Der Beitrag fokussiert auf dieses Phänomen des ‚Geschwister-Machens‘. Aus praxeologischer Perspektive wird gefragt, wie Eltern diesen Prozess qua Erziehung gestalten und welche Orientierungen dabei handlungsleitend sind.
Record High March 2024 Arctic Total Column Ozone
Authors: Newman Paul A. , Lait Leslie R. , Kramarova Natalya A. , Coy Lawrence , Frith Stacey M. , Oman Luke D. , Dhomse Sandip S.
Published: September 2024

Observations of March 2024 Arctic (63°N–90°N) total column ozone set a record high of 477 Dobson Units (DU) against the 1979–2023 satellite era time series. It was about 60 DU higher than average and 6 DU higher than the previous March 1979 471 DU record. Daily Arctic ozone was above average for every day in March 2024, and set record highs from 11–26 March 2024. Microwave Limb Sounder data show this record ozone anomaly was concentrated in the lower stratosphere (10–30 km). These record values developed over the 2023–2024 winter and can be associated with vertically propagating planetary‐scale wave events that caused significant stratospheric warmings. These wave events forced poleward and downward ozone advection into the lower stratosphere, leading to record column ozone levels. The above average levels persisted through August 2024 and across the northern hemisphere.
Chia gum-gelatin-based encapsulation of chia sprouts phenolic compounds enhanced storage stability, bioavailability, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial properties
Authors: Abdel-Aty Azza M. , Barakat Amal Z. , Bassuiny Roqaya I. , Mohamed Saleh A.
Published: September 2024

Chia seeds are currently gaining popularity as functional and healthy foods. The developed chia 7-day sprout phenolic extract (CSP) is an abundant supply of highly concentrated antioxidant phenolic compounds with health-promoting and antibacterial properties. The easy destruction against different environmental changes and low bioavailability of these phenolic compounds are the main limitations of their applications/utilization. This study aims to microencapsulate the phenolic compounds of developed CSP for use as valuable functional food additives. Three microcapsules were prepared using coating materials, chia gum (CG), gelatin (G), and their mixture (CG/G) via the freeze-drying technique. The prepared CG-, CG/G-, and G-microcapsules demonstrated high encapsulation efficiency percentages of 97.0, 98.1, and 94.5%, respectively. They retained most of the CSP-phenolics (91.4–97.2%) and increased total antioxidant activity (108–127.1%). The prepared microcapsules released more CSP-phenolic compounds into the simulated intestinal stage (70–82%) than the gastric stage (15–24%), demonstrating that the coating materials enhance protection during the gastric stage. The produced microcapsules exhibited higher storage stability at 40 °C for 60 days than the non-capsulated CSP, indicating that the encapsulation provided enhanced stability. The prepared microcapsules microstructures showed uniform, smoother surfaces, and hidden micropores compared to their coating material microstructures. In addition, the connection between the functional groups of coating materials and CSP-phenolic compounds was demonstrated by FTIR analysis. The prepared CG-, CG/G-, and G-microcapsules can perfectly inhibit the α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities by 65, 68, 60 and 74, 78, and 70%, respectively, compared to CSP (54, and 66%). The three prepared microcapsules displayed better antibacterial with low MBC values (0.36–0.68 mg ml−1) compared to CSP (0.53–0.74 mg ml−1). The prepared CSP microcapsules can be incorporated into various food products to enhance their antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial properties.
The influence of sex, age, and body height on the pulmonary vascular permeability index – a prospective observational study
Authors: Mihatsch Lorenz L. , Friederich Patrick
Published: September 2024

The pulmonary vascular permeability index (PVPI) is a quotient of the extravascular lung water (EVLW) and the pulmonary blood volume (PBV). In acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the alveolar-capillary membrane integrity is disrupted. The result is a disproportionate increase of EVLW compared to the PBV and, hence, an increase in PVPI. Thus, PVPI has repetitively been discussed to extend the definition of ARDS. Besides sex, the influence of other anthropometric variables on PVPI has not been studied so far. However, since it is known that EVLW depends on body height and sex, we hypothesize that PVPI depends on anthropometric variables as well. This prospective single-center observational study included 1533 TPTD measurements of 251 non-critically ill patients (50.6% men) undergoing elective neuro-, thoracic, or abdominal surgery at the Munich Clinic Bogenhausen of the Technical University of Munich. Multivariate regressions were used to measure the influence of sex, age, and body height on PVPI. In all patients, PVPI was significantly higher in women (P < 0.001), with 34.4% having a PVPI > 2 compared to 15.9% of men. Mean PVPI significantly decreased with height (P < 0.001) and age (P < 0.001). Multivariate regressions allowed the calculation of mean reference surfaces. The 95th percentile surface for PVPI was > 3 for small and young women and well above 2 for all but tall and elderly men. In patients who underwent (lung reduction) thoracic surgery, the PVPI before and after surgery did not differ significantly (P = 0.531), and post-surgical PVPI did not correlate with the amount of lung resected (P = 0.536). Hence, we conclude that PVPI may be independent of the extent of lung volume reduction. However, PVPI is heavily dependent on sex, age, and body height. Anthropometric variables thus have a significant impact on the likelihood of misclassified abnormal PVPI. This warrants further studies since an increased PVPI, e.g. in the context of an ARDS, may be overlooked if anthropometric variables are not considered. We suggest reference surfaces based on the 95th-percentile corrected for sex, age, and height as a novel approach to normalize PVPI.
Growth of broken crystals tracked in 4D using X-ray computed tomography and its influence on impurity incorporation
Authors: Schiele S. A. , Haider T. , Briesen H.
Published: September 2024

Crystallization is a commonly used unit operation for separation and purification. During processing, crystals may break due to mechanical stress, e.g., intentionally by milling or unintentionally through collision with stirrers. This study investigates the growth of broken crystals in three dimensions using X-ray micro-computed tomography. The results show that damaged regions of crystals grow faster than faceted regions, and crystals become faceted through growth. Initially, this happens on a microscale, producing faceted but concave regions on the crystal surface. Eventually, crystals become convex. Shape-healing through growth incorporates inclusions in the crystals. These findings have important implications for designing and optimizing crystallization processes in the pharmaceutical, food, and chemical industries, as purity is often a critical quality criterion adversely affected by inclusions. In addition, the kinetics in crystallization processes are likely to be strongly affected by the growth of non-faceted and concave crystals.
On image transformation for partial discharge source identification in vehicle cable terminals of high‐speed trains
Authors: Liu Kai , Jiao Shibo , Nie Guangbo , Ma Hui , Gao Bo , Sun Chuanming , Xin Dongli , Saha Tapan K. , Wu Guangning
Published: September 2024

Partial discharge (PD) detection of cable terminals is crucial for the safe operation of the traction power system in trains. However, similar PD signals in complex train‐operating environments cause difficulty to recognise the insulation defects. Therefore, a PD signal image transformation recognition method is proposed for PD detection of cable terminal defects to identify defects in cable terminals with similar PD characteristics accurately. In the proposed method, the raw PD signals are firstly transformed to images via the Gramian angular field (GAF) representation. This can reveal the discriminative characteristics embedded in the original PD signals and subsequently facilitate differentiating the PD sources, which exhibit similar characteristic in the time domain. The obtained GAF representation of PD signals (named as PD GAF images) is extracted from local and global features to train an efficient MobileVIT model, which is then utilised to identify similar types of PD sources in cable terminals. The results show that the proposed method achieves 97.5% recognition accuracy in the field experiment, which is superior to other methods.
Hadron Spectroscopy with lattice QCD: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Bulava John
Published: September 2024

Ongoing challenges in computing the spectrum of hadronic resonances and shallow bound-states from lattice QCD are reviewed. Since such states are identified as poles in the scattering matrix, nearby non-analyticities must be treated to analytically continue to complex center-of-mass energies. Significant lattice spacing effects have also been observed in some channels, necessitating a continuum limit. Recent achievements are also highlighted, including lattice investigations of states in the charm region, baryon-baryon scattering, and the first coupled channel meson-baryon amplitude in the Λ(1405) channel.
Extraction of polarization observables in two pion photoproduction reactions
Authors: Filippi Alessandra
Published: September 2024

The relevance of the study of polarization observables to gather insight on the features of baryonic resonances, and the procedure applied for the extraction of this information from the data, are illustrated. The reference reaction is the photoproduction of two charged pions with both a polarized beam and target, experimental conditions that were met in the g14 (2012) run of the CLAS experiment at Jefferson Lab. The method for the determination of the I⊙ observable is discussed and illustrated utilizing previously published data.
Latest results from KLOE-2
Authors: Gauzzi Paolo
Published: September 2024

The KLOE/KLOE-2 Collaboration ended its data taking in 2018, about 20 years after the detector was turned on. In two different periods of datataking about 8 fb−1 at the peak of the ϕ(1020) resonance have been collected. During the years many results of the study of the light mesons have been published. The analysis of this unique data sample continues and the results of the latest measurements concerning kaons, and vector and pseudoscalar mesons are presented in this paper.
Study of Neutral-Pion Pair Production in Two-Photon Scattering at BESIII
Authors: Lellmann Max
Published: September 2024

The anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, aμ = (g−2)μ/2, is one of the most precisely measured observables of the Standard Model. However, its value shows a sizeable discrepancy to the Standard Model prediction. It is still under discussion whether this discrepancy is a hint for New Physics or proof of the limited understanding of strong interaction at low energies. To get a better understanding of this discrepancy, one needs to reduce the uncertainty of both, the Standard Model prediction and the direct measurement.

Information on the production of pion pairs in two-photon fusion processes plays an important role in the dispersive calculation of the hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution to aμ, which is one of the two large contributions to the Standard Model predictions uncertainty. The BESIII experiment, located at the Institute of High Energy Physics in Beijing/China, offers a perfect testbed for the investigation of two-photon processes at small momentum transfers. The process e+e− → e+e−π0π0 is measured at the BESIII experiment at center-of-mass energies between 3.77 and 4.59 GeV with a total integrated luminosity of more than 13 fb−1, with more data being available in future. This presentation will discuss the current status of the analysis.
Hyperon production and interaction studies in protonproton scattering with HADES
Authors: Taylor Jenny
Published: September 2024

Hyperons and their interactions with baryonic matter may play a key role in our understanding of the core of neutron stars. Moreover, the internal structure of hyperons and their excitations are of great interest. Their structure can be probed by exploiting their couplings to radiative probes such as by measuring electromagnetic transition form factors.

HADES (High-Acceptance Di-Electron Spectrometer) at GSI collected high-statistics proton-proton scattering data in 2022 at √s = 3.48 GeV. The Λ - Λ interaction is currently being studied in this data along with production of Σ states where the Dalitz decay of hyperons might be observed for the first time. In addition, the reaction pp → pK+K+Ξ−[π−Λ[pπ−]] has been studied to probe the production mechanism of double strangeness near its production threshold. This proceeding addresses the hyperon physics case and discusses the ongoing Ξ− analysis. A preliminary upper limit for the cross section at √s = 3.48 GeV is presented taking into account only statistical uncertainties.
Nucleon Self-Energy Including Two-Loop Contributions
Authors: Conrad Nils D. , Gasparyan Ashot M. , Epelbaum Evgeny
Published: September 2024

The nucleon self-energy is calculated in SU(2) covariant chiral perturbation theory to study the pion mass dependence of the nucleon mass up to chiral order O(q6), i.e., including two-loop diagrams. The contributions of the diagrams are expressed by a small set of (scalar) master integrals. The extended-on-mass-shell (EOMS) renormalization scheme is applied by systematically subtracting infrared regular parts of the integrals (besides the divergences) to ensure that the renormalized results are consistent with the power counting. The master integrals are evaluated in two ways: Firstly, they are calculated by means of the chiral expansion in d dimensions, using the strategy of regions to differentiate between the infrared singular and regular part. This yields the physical nucleon mass in a 1/m-expansion and is in agreement with the infrared-renormalized result. Secondly, the master integrals are solved numerically without relying on the 1/m-expansion using the sector decomposition method.
Measurements of the proton generalized polarizabilities
Authors: Sparveris Nikos
Published: September 2024

The EM polarizabilities characterize a fundamental property of the proton that involves the system’s response to an external electromagnetic (EM) field. They describe how easily the charge and magnetization distributions inside the system are distorted by the EM field, such as during the Compton scattering with a real photon. When the polarizabilities are generalized to finite momentum transfer by replacing the incoming real photon of the Compton scattering process with a space-like virtual photon, they map out the deformation of the quark densities in a proton subject to an EM field. Recent experimental measurements at Jefferson Lab have provided high precision data, that offer guidance and present significant challenges to nuclear theory. Future experiments aim to improve further these measurements, both by extending their kinematic range as well as by improving the level of the experimental precision.
Feasibility Studies for an Inclusive R-Measurement using ISR at BESIII
Authors: Lenz Thomas , Denig Achim , Aliberti Riccardo , Redmer Christoph Florian
Published: September 2024

In this work a novel technique to measure the hadronic R value (R = σhad0 / σμμ0) inclusively is presented. The method employs the initial state radiation (ISR) technique and the study is carried out for the BESIII experiment at the tau-charm factory BEPC-II. Given the large Lorentz-boost of the hadronic system produced in an ISR process, the efficiency to detect at least one of the hadrons (once the ISR photon is reconstructed) is very high, thus relieving the reliance of the measurement on the theoretical model used in the simulations. A first inclusive determination of the R value in the low energy region can, therefore, be achieved, providing a crucial cross check to the current evaluations based on the sum of exclusive measurements.
Coordinate-space calculation of QED corrections to the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to (g − 2)μ with SU(3) flavor symmetry
Authors: Chao En-Hung , Meyer Harvey B. , Parrino Julian
Published: September 2024

Lattice QCD (LQCD) has proven to be an important tool in understanding the tension between the experimental value for the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon (g − 2)μ and its prediction from the standard model. The lattice provides a non-perturbative method for evaluating the hadronic contributions to (g − 2)μ, which contributes the largest amount to the uncertainty of the theoretical prediction. Among these the hadronic vacuum polarization aμHVP is the dominant contribution. In order to match the uncertainty of the experiment, lattice QCD needs to reach sub-percent precision. This requires the calculation of QED corrections to aμHVP, which are represented by additional Feynman diagrams. We present a lattice calculation of the UV-finite (2+2) diagram at the SU(3) flavor symmetric point and compare this to the pseudoscalar meson exchange model with a vector-meson dominance parametrization of the transition form factor.
The incredible sensing abilities of seals
Authors: Green Leigh Ann
Published: September 2024

Whisker design stabilizes water flow and increases sensitivity.
A shared journey: evaluating a patient-assessed measure of self-management of chronic conditions in an Australian setting
Authors: Davis Phillip , Bradbury Joanne , Shrubsole Kirstine , Parke John
Published: September 2024

Background Patient Assessment of Care in Chronic Conditions (PACIC+), included in some Australian guidelines, has been shown reliable for measuring patient engagement and perception of their care in primary care settings. Various studies have focussed on PACIC+ use in specific conditions. This study aims to expand PACIC+ to measure patient empowerment to self-manage their chronic condition and validate it in the broader Australian primary care population. This study aims to evaluate internal consistency and reliability of PACIC+ and six new supplementary items proposed to assess patient wellbeing and empowerment to self-manage their chronic condition. Methods A repeated-measures correlation design study assessed the expanded PACIC+ over three time-points. Particpants were patients with at least one chronic disease, referred by consultant physician, or recruited by advertisement posters in hospital clinic areas. Results PACIC+ (26-item) had acceptable internal consitency (Cronbach’s alpha 0.96). Test–retest reliability (Time-1 and 2, P < 0.01) was acceptable: Total score r(48) = 0.43; and New supplementary items: Confidence r(48) = 0.54; Understanding r(48) = 0.62; Support r(48) = 0.43; Overall Health r(48) = 0.42; Overall Health Change r(48) = −0.31, P = 0.03; and Acute Episodes of Care in 1-month r(48) = 0.42, P < 0.01. Four factors from the original PACIC+ accounted for 66.5% of the variance. Conclusions The expanded PACIC+ is an improved psychometric tool providing for the patient’s voice in a shared health journey. It is a valid, reliable tool to monitor and measure self-management of chronic conditions in Australian population clinic and primary healthcare settings.
Normalization of timed measures in bilingualism research
Authors: Keating Gregory D.
Published: September 2024

The time it takes an individual to respond to a probe (e.g., a word, picture, or question) or to read a word or
phrase provides useful insights into cognitive processes. Consequently, timed measures are a staple in bilingualism research.
However, timed measures usually violate assumptions of linear models, one being normal distribution of the residuals. Power
transformations are a common solution but which of the many possible transformations to apply is often guesswork. Box and Cox (1964) developed a procedure to estimate the best-fitting normalizing
transformation, coefficient lambda (λ), that is easy to run using standard R packages. This practical primer demonstrates how to
perform the Box-Cox transformation in R using as a testbed the distractor items from a recent eye-tracking study on sentence
reading in speakers of Spanish as a majority and a heritage language. The analyses show (a) that the exponents selected via the
Box-Cox procedure reduce positive skewness as well as or better than the natural log; (b) that the best-fitting value of λ varies
based on factors such as group and, in the case of eye-movement data, the measure of interest; and (c) that the choice of
transformation sometimes impacts p values for model estimates.
Measurement of attachment in human-animal interaction research
Authors: Halbreich Eli D. , Hefner Tristen D. , Healy Ashly S. , Van Allen Jason
Published: September 2024

Researchers in the field of human-animal interaction often investigate the construct of the human-animal bond in order to measure contextual information about companion-animal relationships beyond simply living with a pet. This practice allows researchers to go beyond a simple manifest variable (e.g., dog-owning vs. cat-owning participants) to investigate how specific relationships with companion animals may impact outcomes. However, the current measures of the relationship between people and their pets (i.e., attachment) are flawed. Specifically, their initial validations were based on homogenous samples, the original conceptualizations of the human-animal bond were fragmented, and some used improper statistical techniques in determining the underlying factor structure of the measure. The current study utilized confirmatory factor analysis (
n
= 589) to examine the factor structure and underlying psychometric properties of the Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale and the Short Attachment to Pets Scale. The factor analysis revealed that the Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale and the Short Attachment to Pets Scale both have issues with model fit in a sample of undergraduate students at a public Southwestern University. This article offers recommendations for future research investigating the human-animal bond.
Investigation of the Variation in Insertion Loss of Vertical Noise Barriers for High-speed Railways at Different Levels of Sound Transmission Loss
Authors: Song Zhenan , Hu Wenlin , Hu Xuhong , Han Jiaqi , Sui Fusheng , He Bin
Published: September 2024

The present study investigates the impact of sound transmission loss of vertical noise barriers for high-speed railways on insertion loss at various speed grades and heights. The findings reveal an initial increase in insertion loss followed by a plateau as sound transmission loss improves. A threshold value exists for weighted sound transmission loss, beyond which the insertion loss remains relatively constant. This threshold referred to as the minimum weighted sound transmission loss decreases with increasing train speeds and increases with higher noise barrier heights. The variation in insertion loss was calculated for noise barriers at heights of 2m and 3m under different sound transmission loss conditions, using measured sound source data corresponding to train speeds of 150km/h, 200km/h, 250km/h, 300km/h, and 350km/h. By polynomial fitting, at a train speed of 400 km/h, the minimum weighted sound transmission loss for 2m and 3m high noise barriers are determined to be 20dB and 21dB respectively.
Simulation Analysis of Influence Laws of Sound Barrier Acoustic Performance When Using Ceramic as Sound-absorbing Materials
Authors: Chang Liang
Published: September 2024

The excellent sound absorption performance of Sound Barrier which using Ceramic as Sound-absorbing Materials can be attributed to their corrosion resistance, lightweight nature, small particle size, and internal microporous structure. As a result, the application of new ceramic-based sound absorption materials in sound barriers is becoming increasingly widespread. To address the challenging issue of predicting the sound absorption and isolation performance of ceramic sound barriers and understanding the influencing factors on acoustic parameters, a simulation analysis method was employed for analyzing and studying various factors affecting the acoustic performance of these barriers. The calculation results demonstrate that increasing the thickness of both the sound absorption material and air layer behind exhibits similar effects on enhancing the sound absorption and isolation performance of ceramic acoustic barriers. Specifically, increasing either parameter leads to improved sound absorption performance by significantly increasing the sound absorption coefficient at 125Hz and 250Hz while decreasing it at 500Hz. However, in high-frequency bands above 1000Hz, structural parameters have minimal overall influence. Moreover, when keeping the thickness of ceramic sound absorption plates constant, every additional 20mm increase in air layer thickness behind results in a weighted increase in sound isolation by approximately 1dB; notable improvements are observed when this air layer thickness is below 1600Hz. When the thickness of the air layer behind is kept constant, an increase in the thickness of the sound absorption material by 10mm results in a 1dB increment in weighted sound isolation. However, when maintaining a total thickness of the sound barrier at 140mm, increasing the material’s thickness leads to a reduction in air layer thickness. Consequently, there is a slight enhancement in the sound absorption coefficient at frequencies of 125Hz and 250Hz while a minor decrease occurs at frequencies of 500Hz and 1000Hz. The impact on other frequency bands and overall sound absorption performance remains inconspicuous. Moreover, variations in weighted sound insulation quantity have minimal influence on sound insulation characteristics.
Research on Mathematical Modeling of Naval Gun Servo System
Authors: Song Chunxia , Mao Weiwei , Bai Hongbao , Li Yang , Shen Xiangzhong
Published: September 2024

Tracking performance of naval gun servo system is very important to the whole combat function of naval gun weapon system. Therefore, it is very important to construct accurate mathematical model to improve the performance of servo system. This paper analyzed the structure of naval gun servo system in detail and established the transfer function of each component according to its working principle. Finally, the complete mathematical model of naval gun servo system is established through the organic combination of all parts. Then the stability of the mathematical model of naval gun servo system is judged by Rouse criterion. When the original servo system is unstable, it is necessary to modify the model of servo system by designing lead-lag correction to achieve stable control of the servo system, which lays a foundation for further research on control performance optimization based on mathematical model of naval gun servo system.
Threshold Voltage Extraction of nMOSFET Devices in Photovoltaic Inverters
Authors: Zhang Shuyan , Wang Danghui , Guo Yuyang , Wu Yuhao , Cao Xiyue , Zhang Linkun , Che Yu’ang
Published: September 2024

In this paper, the electrical characteristics of nMOSFET devices at room temperature are measured, and the threshold voltage is extracted by three different methods according to the I-V transfer characteristic curve of the nMOSFTE devices. The applicability of the three methods and the extraction results are analyzed and compared. The conclusions indicate that: (1) the maximum transconductance extraction method is similar to the tangential extrapolation extraction method, both of which eliminate the influence of mobility degradation and parasitic capacitance effect. The second order derivative extraction methods include the fluctuation factors in the measured results, and has a larger error on the extracted threshold voltage; (2) Compared with the maximum transconductance extraction method, the errors of extracting threshold voltage using tangential extrapolation method is larger because mobility attenuation, sourcing-drain series resistance and tangential point is difficult to determine accurately are ignored. (3) In comparison, the threshold voltage extracted by the maximum transconductance method is more accurate and easy to achieve.
Research on data processing technology based on 6LiF/ZnO:Ga fiber neutron detector array
Authors: Sun Shangqing , Xiong Bangping , Huang Qichang , Wan Bo , Yang Daibo , Wang Miao , Luo Yin , Xia Yuan , Wei Wenbin , Ge Xi , Chen JunDa
Published: September 2024

The 6LiF/ZnO:Ga fiber neutron detector, consisting of a
6LiF/ZnO:Ga scintillator, optical fiber, and PMT, has distinct
advantages such as compactness, strong real-time online measurement
capabilities, and resistance to electromagnetic interference. These
characteristics make it highly suitable for neutron detection in
confined spaces with significant electromagnetic
interference. However, its small size limits the neutron detection
efficiency of a single detector, necessitating the use of multiple
fibers to construct a fiber array and enhance sensitivity. The goal
is to study data processing techniques for the 6LiF/ZnO:Ga
fiber detector array. Inside the FPGA, three digital signal
processing channels are used to extract multiple information from
signal such as the amplitude, timestamp, and measurement channel
ID. The fast channel adopts triangular shaping to provide real-time
baselines and timestamps for the discrimination channel and the slow
channel. The slow channel adopt cascade shaping method to extract
the amplitude of nuclear signal. The discrimination channel method
adopt cascade discrimination method to realize the real-time
discrimination between gamma signals, neutron signals and
interference signals. The method has been successfully applied to
6LiF/ZnO:Ga fiber neutron detector arrays with different mass
ratios, providing new solution for digital data processing in fiber
neutron detector arrays.
Pre-and post-landslide analyses for sustainable development in Kiarapandak area, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Tejakusuma I G , Mulyono A , Sittadewi E H , Handayani T , Tohari A , Zakaria Z , Shomim A F
Published: September 2024

The landslide in Kiarapandak has destroyed several dwellings, impaired farming and agriculture, and critical land formation. Analysing the conditions before and after the landslide is essential for supporting sustainable development, protecting the community, and mitigating environmental damage. This investigation employs Google Earth imagery, site surveys, field observations, landslide typology, and vulnerability assessments. The research area, Kiarapandak, is categorized as a landslide-prone typology Zone B with a predominantly 21%–40% slope and more than 40%. The vulnerability level is high. In the critical land created by the landslide, there is a reduction in soil fertility due to surface stripping, increased erosion, and surface runoff, causing sedimentation and river flooding. Land rehabilitation efforts are necessary to improve the quality of land resources in the post-landslide area and support the ecosystem while generating economic value for affected landowners. An agroforestry system, with a vertical arrangement of species strata, can be implemented in the post-landslide location to serve ecological and financial functions and optimize land resource quality through fertilizer application.
Screening potential plants in the gold mining area for phytoremediation approach
Authors: Fasya M R F , Prasetia H , Astuti W , Mufakhir F R , Sumardi S , Yoga R G P , Asmarahman C , Damayanti I , Haryono T , Jannah W
Published: September 2024

Heavy metal waste can be caused by anthropogenic activity. This waste can pollute soil and water far from the source. One of the ways to immobilize the heavy metals is using a plant that can accumulate them. This research aimed to screen potential plants that can be used as remediation agents due to ASGM activity in the post-mining area. This study was conducted at PT Napal Umbar Picung (NUP), Tanggamus Regency, Lampung. The study collected the potential hyperaccumulator plant from contaminated areas. Plant samples were dried at 80°C for three days in a ventilated oven. The dried samples were powdered using the Philips Blender 5000 series into fine-grained sizes. The powder samples were analyzed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The highest concentrations of As, Cd, Fe, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the shoot tissues of ASGM at PT NUP were 285.8 mg/kg, 11.7 mg/kg, 258,320 mg/kg, 501.6 mg/kg, 57.4 mg/kg, 806.2 mg/kg, and 4,520 mg/kg. The results showed that the hyperaccumulator plant of Hg was Alpinia galanga. Christella sp. Chromolaena odorata, Clidemia hirta, Melastoma malabathricum, and Nephrolepis cordifolia. This study can conclude that the plants can be used as a phytoremediation approach to heavy metals contamination such as As, Cd, Fe, Ni, Pb, Zn, and especially Hg.
Synergistic adsorption-photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue by Fe3O4/HKUST-1 composite modified with graphene oxide
Authors: Putri D R , Zulfa L L , Faaizatunnisa N , Akhlus S , Ediati R
Published: September 2024

Methylene blue (MB) is the most commonly used cationic dye, but the complex structure of MB makes it harder to be removed from the wastewater by conventional techniques. The integration of adsorption and photocatalytic has been proposed to overcome the drawbacks of the sole technology for more efficient and eco-friendly removal. A magnetic MOF composite, Fe3O4/HKUST-1, was successfully synthesized using the solvothermal method. The addition of graphene oxide (GO) uses the in situ method. XRD and FTIR results revealed the presence of GO, which was dispersed into the composite. SEM images for the composite showed GO(20)/Fe3O4/HKUST-1 was octahedral with Fe3O4 and GO distributed on the surface and between HKUST-1. When the initial concentration of MB was 50 mg/L, the composites exhibited high MB removal efficiency (92,75%) under irradiation through the combination of adsorption-photocatalytic. The effective removal of Fe3O4/HKUST-1 combined with the photocatalyst properties of GO, makes the composite highly efficient for applications in water purification. The adsorption kinetics of MB on the GO(20)/Fe3O4/HKUST-1 were well-fitted with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.
Mercury Reduction using Isolates of Indigenous Fungi with Qualitative and Quantitative Methods
Authors: Dewi R S , Andriyani R , Ridwan Y S , Yoga G P , Pujiwati A , Subandrio H R , Zahro Z A , Sari A A
Published: September 2024

Illegal gold extraction in Indonesia, particularly in Kedungbanteng, Banyumas Regency, Central Java, causes mercury pollution in rivers and poses risks to health and ecosystems. Bioremediation, using fungi, can help cleaning up mercury pollution. This is achieved through utilizing these fungi in ways that align with emerging technologies. The study used fungi isolated from gold mining sludge waste in Kedungbanteng, Banyumas Regency that have the potential to reduce mercury (Hg). Its followed by assesing the effectiveness of fungal isolates to reduce mercury (Hg) both qualitatively and quantitatively. The study found that certain indigenous fungi from the gold mine waste in Kedungbanteng, Banyumas, have the potential to reduce mercury levels. These fungi belong to the Aspergillus (isolate A2), Penicillium (isolates A1, A4, and A5), and Basidiomycota phylum (isolate A3). Isolates A3, A4, and A5 were the three most adaptable fungi in media containing high levels of Hg. Qualitative test results show isolates A3, A4, A5 formed a yellow and white precipitate. Each of them can reduce mercury levels by 46%; 32%; 48%, respectively. Isolate A3 showed the highest average reduction in mercury levels in both fungal biomass and surrounding media. The finding in this study is that there is a relationship between the results of the qualitative test and the quantitative test. The correspondence between the two types of tests shows that the qualitative test has a significant representation of the quantitative measurement of Hg values in the tested media. Penicillium sp. isolates A5 has the potential to be used as an eco-friendly bioremediation agent as the best solution to pollution. issues.
The impact of acid mine drainage on the environment and social society
Authors: Susanto E , Soedjono E S , Titah H S
Published: September 2024

This study aims to analyse what factors can affect the impact of acid mine drainage on the environment and society. With a sample of research respondents being the community around the company, totalling 200 people. The variables used consist of the environmental variable (X3) as the dependent variable and independent variables, namely acid mine drainage (X1) and community social (X2), with each variable being measured by its indicators. This questionnaire is used to measure Statements compiled using the Likert scale with five respondent answers to consumer satisfaction, namely: Strongly Agree (SS), Agree (S), Hesitant (RR), Disagree (TS), and Strongly Disagree (STS). The data analysis technique used is partial least square-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) which is used to predict and develop theory. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) is a robust and versatile statistical technique commonly employed for data analysis. PLS-SEM is particularly well-suited for exploratory research and when dealing with complex models, small sample sizes, or non-normal data distributions. It allows researchers to simultaneously assess the measurement and structural models, making it an effective tool for understanding complex relationships between variables. Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that Acid mine drainage affects the environment and society with a rms theta model of 0.470.
Competitive adsorption of gold ion in the presence of Fe(III) species on Mg/Al layered double hydroxides
Authors: Khoiru Wihadi Muh. Nur
Published: September 2024

In this paper, Mg/Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) was prepared via the co-precipitation method and used as an adsorbent of gold (AuCl4
−) with Fe3+ as the competitor ion in the aqueous solution. We conducted an adsorption test for single (without competitor) and binary (presence competitor) solutions. The adsorbent was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The effect of solution acidity indicated that the optimum adsorption of AuCl4
− without competitor was at pH 3. The kinetic study revealed that the adsorbent followed pseudo-second-order with a rate constant (k) of 2.88 x 10−3 and 3.92 x 10−3 g/(mg.min) for the single and binary solutions, respectively. According to the Langmuir isotherm model, the adsorption capacity was 21.74 and 14.29 mg g−1 for single and binary solutions, respectively. The morphological characteristic of the adsorbent showed the layered structure with the hexagonal platelet-type images.
The potential of palm frond-based magnetic biochar for peat water treatment
Authors: Darmayanti L , Juliani S , Andrio D
Published: September 2024

Riau Province has the largest palm plantation in Indonesia. The amount of palm plantation waste is quite large, so it needs to be managed so as not to pollute the environment. Palm plantation waste has a high lignocellulose content, so it has the potential to be used as a raw material for making biochar. Biochar has high effectiveness in removing organic substances from water. Despite its high adsorption capacity, biochar is difficult to separate from water due to its very small particle size. To solve this problem, magnetic biochar can be used. Magnetic biochar is the result of the magnetization of biochar with the addition of chemicals containing metal ions and pyrolyzed with little or no oxygen. The synthesis of magnetic biochar is strongly influenced by the impregnation ratio and pyrolysis temperature. This study aims to synthesize magnetic biochar from palm fronds by varying the impregnation ratio, pyrolysis temperature, and particle size and testing its ability to adsorb color and natural organic matter in peat water. Magnetic biochar was synthesized by FeCl3 impregnation ratios of 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, and 0.7, pyrolysis temperatures 450°C; 500°C with N2 gas flow, and particle size escaped sieves of 0.595 and 0.177 mm. The adsorption test results showed synthetic magnetic biochar with an impregnation ratio of 0.7, pyrolysis temperature of 500°C and particle size of 0.177 mm had the highest efficiency in removing colors and natural organic substances of 71.8% and 78.6%, respectively. From the proximate test, the magnetic biochar moisture content was 0.5%, the ash content was 3.37%, and the volatile content was 12.02%. This result has met the quality of technical activated carbon in SNI 06-3730-1995. The methylene blue absorption was 12.4 mg/g. This value is below the requirements of SNI 06-3730-1995. The results showed that magnetic biochar synthesized from palm frond has the potential to be used as an adsorbent in peat water treatment.
In situ synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles from electric arc furnace dust waste for functionalization of fabric: optimization with response surface methodology
Authors: Eskani I N , Rahayuningsih E , Astuti W , Pidhatika B
Published: September 2024

Electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) is a solid waste produced by the stainless steel producing industry. The zinc content in this material can reach 50-60%, so it is very potential to be recycled to produce zinc compounds. This study aims to conduct in situ synthesis of Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) from EAFD waste for functionalization of natural dye colored batik fabric. EAFD was leached using 3 M nitric acid and the leaching solution was used as precursor for the in situ synthesis of ZnO NPs on natural dye colored batik fabric. The in-situ synthesis of ZnO NPs was optimized using Response Surface Methodology with Box-Behnken Design (BBD) method. The independent variables were varied (the concentration of leaching solution, pH and temperature of the synthesis) and the responses were the Zn content of fabric, the diameter of ZnO NPs and the color difference of the fabric, investigated using FESEM-EDX, XRD and Colorimeter respectively. Under optimal condition, the natural dye colored batik fabric was imparted by 27 nm diameter of ZnO NPs and had an antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
Recovery of ferronickel by green selective reduction of nickel laterite
Authors: Sari Y , Manaf A , Astuti W , Haryono T. , Nurjaman F , Bahfie F
Published: September 2024

The conversion of nickel laterite into ferronickel is commonly done through a high-temperature pyrometallurgical process that utilizes fossil fuels, which leads to environmental emissions. In order to deal with this, a biomass-based selective reduction process is proposed that uses palm shell charcoal (PSC) as the reductant. In this study, we investigate how to selectively reduce saprolytic nickel ore in various conditions, including pelletization, reduction at 1150°C for one hour, and wet magnetic separation. The optimal conditions, determined with 0.3 stoichiometric carbon, yielded a nickel content and recovery of 22.778 wt.% and 27.541 wt.%, respectively. Phases identified in the reduced pellet include forsterite, diopside, ferronickel, troilite, and olivine. Adjusting stoichiometry influences nickel concentration, resulting in increased recovery; however, excessive stoichiometry intensifies iron metallization, reducing nickel content. The addition of sodium sulfate affects nickel and iron recovery by promoting FeS phase formation, resulting in reduced iron recovery.
Techno-economic feasibility analysis of solar power plant at Putri Cempo landfill in Surakarta City
Authors: Indriyani Y , Laksmono R , Syahtaria M I , Sasongko N A
Published: September 2024

The electricity sector that leads to renewable energy sources aims to meet national electricity needs while achieving the target of renewable energy mix considering that fossil fuels are increasingly limited. One of the roles of the government in providing electricity generation in Surakarta City is through the construction of a municipal solid waste power plant (PLTSa) at the Putri Cempo landfill, but until past the targeted time PLTSa is not ready to operate. This study aims to analyze the techno-economic feasibility of potential rooftop solar power plants on buildings in the Putri Cempo landfill. The Quasi-Qualitative research method was used with primary data coming from observation and documentation while secondary data was sourced from appropriate literature studies then the data was processed and analyzed using RETScreen software. The results showed that the Landfill Office, Landfill Garage and PLTSa Office in the Putri Cempo Landfill area can be developed into solar power plant with the potential for electrical energy of 988 MWh/year. The conclusion of this research is that in meeting electricity needs and achieving the renewable energy mix target, the roofs of buildings in the Putri Cempo landfill can be maximized into solar power plant so that they can become an energy supply when an energy crisis occurs.