bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Spinal Robotic Systems and Pedicle Screw Accuracy Rates: Review of Literature and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ong Vera , Swan Ashley Robb , Sheppard John P. , Ng Edwin , Faung Brian , Diaz-Aguilar Luis D. , Pham Martin H.
Published: October 2022

Introduction The motivation to improve accuracy and reduce complication rates in spinal surgery has driven great advancements in robotic surgical systems, with the primary difference between the newer generation and older generation models being the presence of an optical camera and multijointed arm. This study compares accuracy and complication rates of pedicle screw placement in older versus newer generation robotic systems reported in the literature.

Methods We performed a systemic review and meta-analysis describing outcomes of pedicle screw placement with robotic spine surgery. We assessed the robustness of these findings by quantifying levels of cross-study heterogeneity and publication bias. Finally, we performed meta-regression to test for associations between pedicle screw accuracy and older versus newer generation robotic spine system usage.

Results Average pedicle screw placement accuracy rates for old and new generation robotic platforms were 97 and 99%, respectively. Use of new generation robots was significantly associated with improved pedicle screw placement accuracy (p = 0.03).

Conclusion Accuracy of pedicle screw placement was high across all generations of robotic surgical systems. However, newer generation robots were shown to be significantly associated with accurate pedicle screw placement, showing the benefits of upgrading robotic systems with a real-time optical camera and multijointed arm.
NAFLD in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Contributor or Comorbidity?
Authors: Chen Bing , Tang W.H. Wilson , Rodriguez Mario , Corey Kathleen E. , Sanyal Arun J. , Kamath Patrick S. , Bozkurt Biykem , Virk Hafeez Ul Hassan , Pressman Gregg S. , Lazarus Jeffrey V. , El-Serag Hashem B. , Krittanawong Chayakrit
Published: October 2022

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular diseases are both highly prevalent conditions around the world, and emerging data have shown an association between them. This review found several longitudinal and cross-sectional studies showing that NAFLD was associated with coronary artery disease, cardiac remodeling, aortic valve remodeling, mitral annulus valve calcifications, diabetic cardiomyopathy, diastolic cardiac dysfunction, arrhythmias, and stroke. Although the specific underlying mechanisms are not clear, many hypotheses have been suggested, including that metabolic syndrome might act as an upstream metabolic defect, leading to end-organ manifestations in both the heart and liver. Management of NAFLD includes weight loss through lifestyle interventions or bariatric surgery, and pharmacological interventions, often targeting comorbidities. Although there are no Food and Drug Administration–approved nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-specific therapies, several drug candidates have demonstrated effect in the improvement in fibrosis or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis resolution. Further studies are needed to assess the effect of those interventions on cardiovascular outcomes, the major cause of mortality in patients with NAFLD. In conclusion, a more comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and management of patients with NAFLD and cardiovascular diseases is needed to optimize clinical outcomes.
Clockless skyrmion logic gate based on voltage-controlled skyrmion propagation
Authors: Shi Yinuo , Chi Kequn , Li Zhou , Zhang Wenbiao , Feng Xiang , Meng Hao , Liu Bo
Published: October 2022

Magnetic skyrmions are nanoscale topologically nontrivial spin texture that offer great promise as information carriers for the next-generation spintronic computing schemes. However, the current skyrmion-based logic gates require precise control of skyrmion collisions through clocked synchronizers, which leads to the complexity of logic implementation. To address this challenge, we propose a clockless skyrmion logic gate that can be implemented into large-scale computing networks without skyrmions synchronization. The clockless operations are achieved in a cross-shaped skyrmion track based on the skyrmion gating method with the aid of the voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy gate. A complete set of Boolean operations and a cascaded full adder can be realized through the different combinations of inputs and interconnections of these logic gates. This computing paradigm paves the way for the design of a highly efficient and robust computing architecture using fully skyrmion-based logic devices.
Intrinsic anomalous Hall effect and Lifshitz transition in a ferromagnetic kagome-lattice metal
Authors: Wang Xiangqi , Tan Jun
Published: October 2022

Magnetic topological materials with broken time-reversal symmetry have demonstrated colossal intrinsic anomalous Hall effects, originating from large Berry curvature in momentum space. Here, we report the electrical transport study of a ferromagnetic kagome-lattice material Nd3Al, which is predicted to be a magnetic topological high symmetry line metal candidate. We observed a polarity reversal of ordinary Hall resistivity across 40 K, plainly indicating a perceptible shift in chemical potential and change of the Fermi surface, i.e., temperature-induced Lifshitz transition. More strikingly, as the shifting of Fermi level around the band (anti-)crossing points contributes to a considerable Berry curvature, the anomalous Hall conductivity ultimately stabilizes to a constant of approximately ∼427 Ω−1 cm−1 below 40 K, accompanied by a maximum anomalous Hall angle reaching 1.4%, conforming to the intrinsic dissipationless topological Berry-phase mechanism. The similar scaling behavior of anomalous Hall conductivity in Nd3Al to that of magnetic Weyl semimetal Co3Sn2S2 further signals the possible presence of nontrivial topological bands in kagome Nd3Al. In view of the kagome-lattice structure and predicted topological nature, our work unveils the significant potential of the large intrinsic anomalous Hall effect in Nd3Al for investing the interaction between ferromagnetism and topology.
Links between defect chemistry, conduction, and lifetime in heavily Nb doped lead zirconate titanate films
Authors: Akkopru-Akgun Betul , Wang Ke , Trolier-McKinstry Susan
Published: October 2022

Phase pure PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 (PZT) films with up to 13 mol. % Nb were prepared on Pt-coated Si substrates using chemical solution deposition; charge compensation for Nb was accomplished by reducing the concentration of lead in the film. For high Nb doping levels, (1) superoxidation of the PZT film surface makes the PZT/Pt interface more p-type and, hence reduces electron injection over the Schottky barrier, (2) the bulk charge transport mechanism changes from electron trapping by Ti4+ to hole migration between lead vacancies, and (3) the ionic conductivity due to migration of oxygen vacancies decreases. For ≤6 mol. % Nb, electrical degradation was controlled via field-induced accumulation of oxygen vacancies near the cathode, which, in turn, leads to Schottky barrier lowering and electron trapping by Ti4+. In phase pure 13 mol. % Nb doped PZT films, on the other hand, the increase in the leakage current during electrical degradation was dominated by hole migration between lead vacancies (2[VPb″]∼[h•]). A much lower lifetime and drastic increase in the leakage current upon electrical degradation was observed in mixed phase PNZT films, which was attributed to (1) a more electrically conductive pyrochlore phase and (2) a high concentration of lead vacancies.
Energy- and flux-budget theory for surface layers in atmospheric convective turbulence
Authors: Rogachevskii I. , Kleeorin N. , Zilitinkevich S.
Published: October 2022

The energy- and flux-budget (EFB) theory developed previously for atmospheric stably stratified turbulence is extended to the surface layer in atmospheric convective turbulence. This theory is based on budget equations for turbulent energies and fluxes in the Boussinesq approximation. In the lower part of the surface layer in the atmospheric convective boundary layer, the rate of turbulence production of the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) caused by the surface shear is much larger than that caused by the buoyancy, which results in three-dimensional turbulence of very complex nature. In the upper part of the surface layer, the rate of turbulence production of TKE due to the shear is much smaller than that caused by the buoyancy, which causes unusual strongly anisotropic buoyancy-driven turbulence. Considering the applications of the obtained results to the atmospheric convective boundary-layer turbulence, the theoretical relationships potentially useful in modeling applications have been derived. The developed EFB theory allows us to obtain a smooth transition between a stably stratified turbulence to a convective turbulence. The EFB theory for the surface layer in a convective turbulence provides an analytical expression for the entire surface layer including the transition range between the lower and upper parts of the surface layer, and it allows us to determine the vertical profiles for all turbulent characteristics, including TKE, the intensity of turbulent potential temperature fluctuations, the vertical turbulent fluxes of momentum and buoyancy (proportional to potential temperature), the integral turbulence scale, the turbulence anisotropy, the turbulent Prandtl number, and the flux Richardson number.
Koalas of the Clarke Connors Range
Authors: Ellis W. , Melzer A. , FitzGibbon S. , Hulse L. , Gillett A. , Barth B.
Published: October 2022

The extent and causes of koala population declines are reported for koalas of southeast Queensland, but less is known about the trajectories of populations in other regions of the state. We describe the koala population of the Clarke Connors Range in central Queensland and contrast elements of their distribution, health and genetics with information from two other study sites in Queensland. Koalas were found across the study area, were mostly located in Eucalyptus drepanophylla or E. tereticornis and had wide variability in ranging movements (2.4–2246 ha). Approximately 40% of females carried young in spring and 3 of 29 koalas sampled returned PCR positive chlamydial swabs (all urogenital). We postulate that sympathetic land management approaches may have enhanced habitat occupancy across some areas of the Clarke Connors Range and concur with anecdotal reports that this is a significant population of koalas in Queensland and potentially one of national importance.
Global profiling of arginine dimethylation in regulating protein phase separation by a steric effect–based chemical-enrichment method
Authors: Wang Qi , Li Zhouxian , Zhang Shenqing , Li Yichen , Wang Yan , Fang Zheng , Ma Yanni , Liu Zhen , Zhang Weibing , Li Dan , Liu Cong , Ye Mingliang
Published: October 2022

Protein arginine methylation plays an important role in regulating protein functions in different cellular processes, and its dysregulation may lead to a variety of human diseases. Recently, arginine methylation was found to be involved in modulating protein liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS), which drives the formation of different membraneless organelles (MLOs). Here, we developed a steric effect–based chemical-enrichment method (SECEM) coupled with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry to analyze arginine dimethylation (DMA) at the proteome level. We revealed by SECEM that, in mammalian cells, the DMA sites occurring in the RG/RGG motifs are preferentially enriched within the proteins identified in different MLOs, especially stress granules (SGs). Notably, global decrease of protein arginine methylation severely impairs the dynamic assembly and disassembly of SGs. By further profiling the dynamic change of DMA upon SG formation by SECEM, we identified that the most dramatic change of DMA occurs at multiple sites of RG/RGG–rich regions from several key SG-contained proteins, including G3BP1, FUS, hnRNPA1, and KHDRBS1. Moreover, both in vitro arginine methylation and mutation of the identified DMA sites significantly impair LLPS capability of the four different RG/RGG–rich regions. Overall, we provide a global profiling of the dynamic changes of protein DMA in the mammalian cells under different stress conditions by SECEM and reveal the important role of DMA in regulating protein LLPS and SG dynamics.
Tomography of stellar halos: what does anisotropy in a stellar halo tell us?
Authors: Pandey Biswajit
Published: October 2022

The stellar halo of the Milky Way is known to have a highly lumpy structure due to the
presence of tidal debris and streams accreted from the satellite galaxies. The abundance and
distribution of these substructures can provide a wealth of information on the assembly history of
the Milky Way. We use some information-theoretic measures to study the anisotropy in a set of
Milky Way-sized stellar halos from the Bullock & Johnston suite of simulations that uses a hybrid
approach coupling semi-analytic and N-body techniques. Our analysis shows that the whole-sky
anisotropy in each stellar halo increases with the distance from its centre and eventually
plateaus out beyond a certain radius. All the stellar halos have a very smooth structure within a
radius of ∼ 50 kpc and a highly anisotropic structure in the outskirts. At a given radius,
the anisotropies at a fixed polar or azimuthal angle have two distinct components: (i) an
approximately isotropic component and (ii) a component with large density fluctuations on small
spatial scales. We remove the contributions of the substructures and any non-spherical shape of
the halo by randomizing the polar and azimuthal coordinates of the stellar particles while keeping
their radial distances fixed. We observe that the fluctuating part of the anisotropy is completely
eliminated, and the approximately uniform component of the anisotropy is significantly reduced
after the sphericalization. A comparison between the original halos and their sphericalized
versions reveals that the approximately uniform part of the anisotropy originates from the
discreteness noise and the non-spherical shape of the halo whereas the substructures contribute to
the fluctuating part. We show that such distinction between the anisotropies has the potential to
constrain the shape of the stellar halo and its substructures.
Rotating cosmologies: classical and quantum
Authors: Nicolis Alberto , Piazza Federico , Zeghari Kenza
Published: October 2022

We revisit spatially flat, anisotropic cosmologies within the framework of mini-superspace. Putting special emphasis on the symmetries of the mini-superspace action and on the associated conservation laws, we unveil a new class of rotating cosmologies driven by solid matter. Their rotating is physical, in that it is characterized in an invariant way in terms of a conserved angular momentum. Along the way, we confirm the results of Bartolo et al. regarding the slow decay of anisotropies for solid inflation. We then use our minisuperspace approach as a laboratory to address certain puzzles of quantum cosmology — among these, how to characterize the spacetime symmetries of a quantum state at the level of the wavefunction of the universe. For the case of a solid driven cosmology, this question seems better defined than in more standard cases. Other questions remain unanswered, though; in particular, the general question of how to operate a minisuperspace-like truncation of degrees of freedom that is consistent at the quantum level.
Weak cosmic censorship conjecture in the pure Lovelock gravity
Authors: Shaymatov Sanjar , Dadhich Naresh
Published: October 2022

It is well known that a rotating black hole in four dimension could be overspun by linear order test particle accretion which however always gets overturned when non-linear perturbations are included. It turns out that in the Einstein gravity, repulsion due to rotation dominates over attraction due to mass in dimensions, D > 5, and consequently black hole cannot be overspun even for linear order accretion. For the pure Lovelock rotating black hole, this dimensional threshold is D > 4DN + 1 where N is degree of single Nth order term in the Lovelock polynomial in the action. Thus the pure Lovelock rotating black holes always obey the weak cosmic censorship conjecture (WCCC) in all dimensions greater than 4N + 1. Since overall gravity being repulsive beyond this dimensional threshold, how is rotating black hole then formed there?
Observation of nonlinearity and heating-induced frequency shifts in cavity magnonics
Authors: Wu Wei-Jiang , Xu Da , Qian Jie , Li Jie , Wang Yi-Pu , You Jian-Qiang
Published: October 2022

When there is a certain amount of field inhomogeneity, the biased ferrimagnetic crystal can exhibit the higher-order magnetostatic (HMS) mode in addition to the uniform-precession Kittel mode. In cavity magnonics, we show the nonlinearity and heating-induced frequency shifts of the Kittel mode and HMS mode in a yttrium–iron–garnet (YIG) sphere. When the Kittel mode is driven to generate a certain number of excitations, the temperature of the whole YIG sample rises and the HMS mode can display an induced frequency shift, and vice versa. This cross effect provides a new method to study the magnetization dynamics and paves a way for novel cavity magnonic devices by including the heating effect as an operational degree of freedom.
Energetic valorization of municipal solid waste in Morocco: financial feasibility of refuse derived fuel production
Authors: Ouigmane A , Boudouch O , Hasib A , Ouhsine O , Abba E , Isaifan R J , Aadraoui M , Berkani M
Published: October 2022

The management of municipal solid waste is considered as a problem of municipalities in developing countries due to its impact on the environment and on human health. Energy recovery is considered as a sustainable waste management solution. The objective of this paper is to carry out a financial feasibility study of refused derived fuel (RDF) recovery in a region in Morocco. The results show that the cement plant requires 24,000 tons of RDF to substitute 15% of the pet coke used to produce 1 million tons of clinker per year. Thus, 14,000 tons of pet coke will be saved annually in this case. The results of comparing the net present values (NPV) of three investment scenarios show that the project is profitable if the investor is the cement plants or the group of municipalities with a selling price of 36 USD/ton of RDF. On the other hand, if the landfill company is the investor, the project becomes profitable from a sale price of 39USD/ton of RDF.
Impact of bad odors from the wastewater treatment plant on the well-being of the population of M’rirt (Morocco)
Authors: Hachi T , Hachi M , Essabiri H , Belghyti D , Abba E H
Published: October 2022

In the city of M’rirt, the odour nuisance caused by the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) has led to numerous complaints from residents whose quality of life has been affected by these odours. Therefore, the objective of our study is to evaluate, in the field, the “real” impact of bad odours emanating from the WWTP with the help of a questionnaire during a period of 6 months. Our study sample composed of 1473 respondents chosen in a simple random way from the two municipalities surrounding the said odour source. The survey results revealed that among the 1473 respondents 71 (n=1040) confirmed “yes” the odour of the WWTP presents a real olfactory annoyance and 29% said “no” and that several factors are involved in its prediction. The statistical analysis of our study confirmed the negative impact of WWTP odours on the well-being of the city’s population, its spatial and temporal distribution with the establishment of a map of the olfactory discomfort in the city.
Ethnobotany and diversity of medicinal and food plants used in the region Chtouka Ait Baha and Tiznit (Western Anti-Atlas), Morocco
Authors: Barkaoui M , Msanda F , Boubaker H , Elasri O , Boullani R El , Benchelha H , Chahboune M
Published: October 2022

Western Anti-Atlas of Morocco represents an important area with interesting knowledge of medicinal and food plants, particularly the use of medicinal plants for human healthcare. Moreover, the geographic location of this region makes this site a remarkable area of incredible biodiversity and the highest levels of endemism. This work aims to make an inventory of plant species used in Chtouka Ait Baha and Tiznit provinces in folk medicine to manage different diseases and, at the same time, used in food. The survey was carried out using semi-structured questionnaires. A total of 450 interviews were conducted with traditional health practitioners and knowledgeable villagers. The data were analyzed using the use-value (UV) and the relative frequency citation (RFC). Eighty-four species belonging to 37 families were inventoried in this survey, with Lamiaceae as the dominating family. Two species that showed a significant value of UV (UV≥1.50) and RFC (RFC≥0.50) areThymus leptobotrysMurb. andThymus saturejoidesCoss. with the highest value obtained forThymus leptobotrysMurb. (UV=2.60). The digestive system was the highest foremost treated disease in the region (22% of treated infections). The obtained results also showed that seeds and leaves were the most cited plant part used, and the decoction is the preferred mode of preparation. The method of consumption the medicinal plants as food is fresh or dried with a percentage of 36%.
Seasonal diet of Salmo trutta macrostigma in a mountain stream (Ifrane Morocco)
Authors: Abba E H , Hachi T , El Moujtahid A , Essabiri H , Laiboud C , Boumalkha O , Zerkani S , Laadel N
Published: October 2022

The diet of salmo trutta macrostigma in Sidi Rachid wadi was conducted on 94 individual ranging in weight from 3 to 575 g with a mean of 110.38 g and a standard deviation of 112.94. Crustaceans mainly characterize the annual food spectrum and insects constitute more than 98%. The study of the variations of the diet spectrum shows that the nature and the importance in number of the ingested items of prey change according to the seasons, with an important relative predominance of crustaceans during all the seasons except winter when insects are the more important food source. In addition, the different taxa can be classified into two categories, a first group of preys always present in the stomach contents during all seasons and whose relative abundance is generally high, and a second group whose presence in the stomach contents was limited to one or two seasons. The most commonly used taxa are amphipoda, Ephemeroptera, and Diptera, with these three taxa forming at least 77% in summer and 90% in winter.
Mapping the natural habitats of a continental wetland: Dayet Er Roumi lake (Khémisset, Morocco)
Authors: Sadki M , Chahlaoui A , Maliki A , Khaffou M , Lahrouz S
Published: October 2022

The Dayet Er Roumi lake is located at 15 km from the city of Khémisset, is the only permanent natural continental lake of low altitude in Morocco, and is a zone of biological and ecological interest (SIBE) of priority n°1 and which must be raised to the rank of effectively protected areas (Natural Reserve). The mapping of natural habitats of the Dayet Er Roumi wetland was based on MedWet criteria. This classification proposes to identify the wetland in four hierarchical levels (system, sub-system, class and sub-class), based on three parameters of water characterization (hydrological regime, salinity and artificialization). This study showed that 68.80% of the mapped area of the wetland is occupied by surface water whose depth exceeds two meters; this habitat constitutes a favorable aquatic ecosystem for the colonization of aquatic birds. However, the lake is subject to several anthropogenic activities that hinder the development of natural habitats and their interaction with aquatic birds.
Assessment of the impact of density on the growth of fry (Oncorhynchus mikiss) at the salmon farming station in the Middle Atlas Morocco
Authors: Laiboud CH , Hachi T , Essabiri H , Boumalkha O , Elhammioui Y , El Moujtahid A , Abba E H
Published: October 2022

The objective of this study is to determine the impact of the load of the nursery ponds (density) on the growth of the rainbow trout fry (Oncorhynchus mikiss), this study was conducted at the fish farming station of Ras Al Ma Ifrane, Morocco. The results obtained for the densities D1 (7.48 Kg / m3), D2 (9.31 Kg / m3) and D3 (11.21 Kg / m3) during this nursery phase which lasted 30 days, the results indicate that the zootechnical parameters evaluated vary according to the density of the fry in different nursery ponds. In average, the final weight of the fry for D1 is 12.73g, for D2, the final average weight is 11.39g against only 9.56g for ponds with density D3. As such, the growth in size of the fry evolves in the same way as the growth in weight.
Impact of climate change on extremes events in Morocco
Authors: Hammoudy W , Ilmen R , Sinan M
Published: October 2022

Today, the increase in the evolution of certain types of extreme events in Morocco has the potential to produce impacts and damages on socio-economic sectors. An increase in heat and cold extremes manifested by strong heat waves and cold waves are clearly increased in terms of their intensity, frequency and duration. This required an in-depth study to understand the link between the two. So, this study under the following theme: “Impact of climate change on extremes events in Morocco” is devoted to studying the relationship between climate change and extreme events and the impact of one to the other, their occurrence and intensity; then it’s structured around one main phase, that aims to evaluate observed changes in climate extremes from 1984 to 2018 based on robust methods to estimate trends with Sen’s Slop test and their significance with Mann-Kendall test. The basic data obtained from 29 meteorological stations covering all climatic zones have passed quality control tests to ensure reliable detection of any changes. The results show that Morocco has experienced a significant increase in hot extremes and also in cold extremes almost generalized over our Country Morocco. As for rainfall extremes, the trends generally indicate no significant change.
Impacts of climate change on the dysfunction of Mediterranean wetlands: Case of Aguelmam Afennourir - Ramsar Site - the Middle Atlas – Morocco.
Authors: Khaffou Mhamed , Abba El Hassan , Chahlaoui Abdelkader
Published: October 2022

The water is a limiting factor for wetlands, especially for those with shallow deep. They are more vulnerable to precipitation disturbance. However, most of these wetlands are suffering from repetitive natural droughts. Example Aguelmam Afennourir wetland classified Ramsar site since 1980. After calculating the Normal Difference Water Index (NDWI), it has undergone severe and repeatedly drying and we have noticed four total dry-outs between 1981 and 2016. It is completely dried in July 1995, July 2000, June 2008, and in November 2016. While its largest extension, 100 % (122 ha) occurred in May 2009, the one before analyzing the historic precipitation for 1981 to 2016 and open water area evolution in the site we have brought that the drying of Aguelmam is closely linked to the irregularity of precipitation. Their drying up causes an ecological disequilibrium and has negative impacts on biodiversity since it has lost water which constitutes the defense of its habitats and biodiversity. Meanwhile, the fauna must leave the site and live the migration risks of searching the living habitat. The analysis of the hydrographic network of the sub-basin in the site reveals the possibility of diverting neighbouring streams toward the Afennourir wetland for heightening its water volume. As a preventive measure to protect the biodiversity of the site and to reduce the anthropogenic action, we propose strengthening the dyke with local materials, to increase the volume and the level of water in the wetland.
Android Real Time Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Alert System Based on Open Data of Indonesia Government Agency of Geophysics
Authors: Rais Aura Muhammad , Priyambodo Nur A N , Tricahyaningati Desi
Published: October 2022

There are approximately 4000 earthquakes happened in Indonesia per year, whereas earthquakes of a magnitude greater than 5.5, or earthquakes that can be physically felt on land, average around 70-100 per year, and destructive earthquakes around one to two times a year. Not all earthquakes cause tsunamis, but the majority of tsunamis are caused by earthquakes. Since the earth was formed, a number of tsunamis have been happening all over the world. The Aceh tsunami is one of the biggest tsunami history over past 2 decades which occurred on 26 December 2004, claimed the lives of around a quarter of a million people in areas surrounding the Indian Ocean. The very short tsunami arrival time of 10 – 60 minutes is a challenge for tsunami early warning. It also has a direct impact on evacuation procedures and means that evacuation times are very short as well. The objective of this study is to develop android real time earthquake & tsunami alarm as early warning system, evacuation directions and earthquake survivor detection for rescuer to reducing disaster risk. This study used the Research and Development method with the ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluate) procedure. The result of this study the apps obtained less than 5 seconds respond time to proceed the earthquake & tsunami information from BMKG website to trigger early alarm in users android mobile phone. Android alert system more effective because it has a lower response time (< 5 seconds) than previous early warning system with a longer response time (13.48 seconds). In additions, developers improve the system not only distribute earthquake and tsunami information, but also provide evacuation route direction & survivor detection as a disaster risk reduction. Although in actual, this feature has the potential to be disrupted due to the large amount of user traffic. So it requires a large number of server resources if there are many active users.
Response to growth of mangrove seeds with additional extract of natural materials and vitamin b1 in the planting medium
Authors: Prihastanti E , Haryanti S
Published: October 2022

This study aims to determine the mangrove seedlings ofBruguierasp,Rhizopora apiculata, andR. mucronatawhich have the best quality with the addition of extracts of natural ingredients, synthetic pgr and Vitamin B1. The study used 3 types of mangroves, namely Bruguiera sp., R. apiculata and R. mucronata, each consisting of 5 treatments; 100% shallot extract, 100% corn extract, Rhizattun F 0.1%, Vitamin B1 0.1% and water (control). The research used completely randomized Design (CRD). Parameters observed were number of leaves, plant height, number of roots and root length. Measurement of environmental factors includes pH and salinity. Data were analysed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan’s 5% test, if there was a significant difference. The results showed that the treatment of extracts of natural ingredients, synthetic pgr and Vitamin B1 resulted in varying effects on the growth of mangrove seedling. Treatment on Bruguiera sp, had a significant effect on root length with the control treatment having the highest length; while inR. mucronata, Rhizatun F treatment had a significant effect on the number and length of roots, while inR. apiculatathe treatment given had no significant effect on the number of leaves.
The effect of stacking sequence on flexural behavior of laminated hybrid epoxi biocomposite reinforced with glass and carbon fibers used in the bone plate and external fixation
Authors: Bejinaru Mihoc Alexandru , Mitu Leonard Gabriel , RoŞca Ileana Constanţa
Published: October 2022

In the field of orthopedic medicine, hybrid biocomposites with epoxy matrix reinforced with carbon fibers and glass fibers are being used. Through the hybridization phenomenon, appropriate properties can be obtained for the use of these biocomposites in the bone plate and external fixation. The paper presents the manufacture of hybrid laminate with epoxy matrix reinforced with carbon fiber and glass fiber, three-point bending test method and the influence of the laminate layering sequence on the bending behavior of composite biomaterial.
Comparative study of Li-ion 18650 cylindrical cell under pinch indentation
Authors: Szabo I , Sirca A A , Scurtu L , Kocsis L , Hanches I N , Mariaşiu F
Published: October 2022

Conventional fuels for vehicles, which are non-renewable energy sources, are still currently in use. To reduce noise and CO2 emissions, electric vehicles dictate a remarkable research and developments in order to reach a viable solution. Electrified vehicles have a dedicated energy store, usually batteries, to improve emissions or replace the conventional energy source with electric power. For almost a decade now, the use of Li-ion batteries as a source of energy for electric vehicles has exploded, but there are also many questions about their safety. This study is dedicated to compare the results obtained by experiment with the result obtained by simulation about mechanical behavior of an 18650 Li-ion cell under pinch indentation.
Comparative study of Li-ion 21700 cylindrical cell under mechanical deformation
Authors: Szabo I , Sirca A A , Scurtu L , Kocsis L , Hanches I N , Mariaşiu F
Published: October 2022

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are an important component of the automotive industry in terms of electrification. Regarding their safety, the researchers perform different scenarios in which they follow closely and carefully their behavior under the action of induced requests. The most common mechanical abuse tests are three-point bending, simple bending, deformation with hemispherical punch head and nail penetration. In this article, the behavior of the 21700 lithium-ion cell is debated and the results are compared. First, experimental tests are performed and the results are validated with FEM model, to check the veracity of the experiment. Also, the interpreted results can be used in future researches regarding safety of batteries.
Mathematical modelling and numerical analysis of hydraulic system behaviour. A case study with application in HEC-RAS
Authors: Dorin G. , Pricop C. , Stătescu F. , Hrăniciuc T.A. , Toma D.
Published: October 2022

The paper presents an analysis of floods within the Bahlueţ watershed. The city of Targu Frumos and its surroundings have suffered floods over the years causing significant damage. This study aims to map flooding in the area analysed, using the HEC-RAS hydraulic program. Results were obtained for 1%, 5%, 10%, 20% flood recurrence scenarios over a period of time with heavy rainfall. The results show that flooding occurred in all simulated events. The city of Targu Frumos was flooded when flood events with 1% and 5% probability were simulated. Based on the results obtained, predictions can be made regarding the extent of flooding in order to take additional measures for its prevention and control.
Optimization of aluminium die-casting process through predictive maintenance and parameter traceability systems
Authors: Mizgan H. , Ganea M.
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this paper is to present the optimisation potential for aluminium die casting process through predictive maintenance and parameter traceability systems. Aluminium considered the metal of the future due to its physical and chemical properties, and this paper is specifically focused on the die-casting process, its potential failures and proposed solutions for reduction of defects. The methodology for optimisation is based is focused on the Total Traceability Management (TTM) software and its technical solutions for predictive maintenance. As a key function of the TTM, the predictive maintenance module is based on conditioning monitoring systems. Temperature, colour, vibration, force, chemical, ultrasound, light, laser, dimensional sensors, all these are developing on the global market as part of the 4th industrial revolution, Industry 4.0. The TTM is combining the factory floor technologies with the informatics systems as ERP, Customer Portals, and MES, through a specific algorithm and based on PLC and sensorial hardware. The TTM is becoming a mandatory requirement for automotive and not only industry as stated in the new norms of AIAG (American Industrial Automotive Group), VDA (German Association of the Automotive Industry), and JAMA - Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association. The approach of this paper is a theoretical presentation of the practical experiments presenting the most modern solution in terms of software, sensorial installations, monitored equipment and the realized outputs. The TTM concept are not yet fully mature, various solutions being deployed on the market with specificities for diverse industries.
Comparative analysis of fuel cell and electric public for transport busses
Authors: Cărăuşan H. , Varga B. O. , Moldovanu D. , Sirca A. A.
Published: October 2022

Current public transport systems have been in desperate need of modernization in the past decade. The pressing issue of climate change, alongside the ever-increasing strictness of emission standards, have guided public transport operators towards the use of alternative propulsion vehicles. The most popular option to conventional powered public transport vehicles have been BEBs (Battery Electric Busses). However, in the past years, FCEBs (Fuel Cell Electric Busses) have gained massive ground in this sector. The following paper aims to shed a light on the advantages and disadvantages of both technologies, in order to determine whether or not FCEBs represent a viable solution for the future.
Excitation of a layered sphere by 𝑁 acoustic sources: Exact solutions, low-frequency approximations, and inverse problems
Authors: Kalogeropoulos Andreas , Tsitsas Nikolaos
Published: October 2022

Acoustic excitation of a layered sphere by

N
N

external and internal point sources is considered. The direct problem is solved by developing a T-Matrix method leading to the analytical determination of all the involved acoustic fields. Low-frequency far-field approximations are derived for different source distributions and scatterer’s characteristics. The behaviour of the scattering cross sections is investigated. Several inverse problems are formulated and solved analytically; thus the respective unknown quantities are recovered explicitly. These problems include localization of the sources, determination of their number, identification of the core’s type and extraction of the parameters of the scatterer’s layers.
Divorce and Relational Termination
Authors: Holland Madeleine Redlick , Lannutti Pamela J.
Published: October 2022

Given that the legalization of same-sex marriage at the federal level is a relatively new phenomenon, it is not surprising that research related to divorce and dissolution of LGBTQ+ relationships is in the early stages of its development. Research has begun identifying unique factors that may place LGBTQ+ relationships at increased risk of dissolution, including minority stress, lack of resources, and nontraditional relational arrangements. Additionally, nuances in the experience of dissolution that LGBTQ+ people may face have begun receiving scholarly attention, such as a lack of general awareness of LGBTQ+ divorce. This research has further revealed that the relationships that ex-partners may develop after romantic relationship dissolution carry different expectations, norms, and forms than those associated with non-LGBTQ+ relationships. There is still much room for growth and exploration in this area. Specifically, future researchers might consider integrating perspectives that move away from minority stress theory or qualitative research methods.
Judicial Dissent in Collegial Courts: Theory and Evidence
Authors: Garoupa Nuno , Santos Botelho Catarina
Published: October 2022

In collegial courts, disagreements are inevitable. Are these disagreements advantageous or disadvantageous for lawmaking? Why, when, and how do judges decide to disagree with each other? The literature about collegial courts includes extensive normative and positive theories about separate opinions as well as how these kinds of decisions are made. Scholars offer different explanations based on distinct frameworks: a cost–benefit analysis (within rational-choice theory), the principal–agent model, and via legal culture. By considering the complexity of separate opinions in style, substance, collegiality, and frequency, it is possible to find compromises between both (normative and positive) strains of the literature. These compromises reflect a fundamental divergence between private (individual) and social motivations to promote separate opinions.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety
Authors: Moulds Michelle L. , Grisham Jessica R. , Graham Bronwyn M.
Published: October 2022

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based, structured, goal-oriented, time-limited intervention for psychological disorders. CBT integrates behavioral and cognitive principles and therapeutic strategies; practitioners and clients work collaboratively to identify patterns of behaving and thinking that contribute to the persistence of symptoms, with the goal of replacing them with more adaptive alternatives. In the treatment of anxiety problems, the primary focus of CBT is on reducing avoidance of feared stimuli (e.g., spiders) or situations (e.g., public speaking) and modifying biases in thinking (e.g., the tendency to interpret benign situations as threatening). At its broadest, CBT is an umbrella term; it describes a range of interventions targeting cognitive and behavioral processes—ranging from early, traditional CBT protocols to more recently developed approaches (e.g., mindfulness-based cognitive therapy). CBT protocols have been developed for the full range of anxiety disorders, and a strong evidence base supports their efficacy.
Policing and Missing Persons
Authors: Ferguson Lorna , Sidebottom Aiden
Published: October 2022

Each year millions of people go missing across the globe. They do so for a number of reasons, including social conflict, natural disasters, political unrest, various personal and economic stressors, mental health issues, and as a result of an accident, foul play, or natural death. In most countries, and for most incidents, it is the police who are called upon to investigate reports of missing persons. This typically involves a process of risk assessment, investigation, and search and rescue, similar in many ways to a criminal investigation. Responding to reports of missing persons is a major source of demand for the police service, and a significant challenge, owing to common weaknesses in relevant data, the complexities in assessing risk, and a general lack of police-oriented applied research on the subject of missing people. Moreover, although most missing persons return swiftly, safely, and without the need for police intervention, a small but considerable proportion of missing people experience harm when missing, including an immediate threat to life. Further research is needed to better identify what works to reduce missing incidents and associated harms.
Teacher Education in Brazil
Authors: Dal-Farra Rossano André
Published: October 2022

Teacher education is compounded by many factors, and it is culturally immersed in a complex environment, including the daily context of the schools and of the undergraduate programs. As of 2022, with more than 200 million inhabitants, Brazil had approximately 48 million students and more than two million teachers in basic education, predominantly in public establishments. Almost all children from 6 years old attend primary school, but there are high inequalities in educational indicators when comparing different states, especially in population literacy and teacher schooling. As of this 2000–2020 decades, many teachers have completed higher education, but the country still needs to resolve various issues in order to reach better educational outcomes. In addition to improvements within teacher education, specifically the philosophical underpinning and specific aspects in the training process, more work must be done regarding the conceptions and perceptions around the attractiveness of the profession, the low valorization of education, and of scientific knowledge and necessary improvements to school conditions to reduce these deleterious impacts on teacher education and labor.
Ndau Identity in Zimbabwe
Authors: Sithole Emmanuel
Published: October 2022

Ndau people (popularly identified as VaNdau) possess a rich but largely under-recorded history. Notwithstanding that the etymology of “Ndau” as a collective ethnic term is the subject for much debate, some documental archives suggest that the ancestors of Ndau people arrived in a series of migrations and settled in the areas between the Pungwe and Save rivers during the early centuries. The existing archaeological and historical evidence attests that there were interethnic and interracial contact between “Mandowa” (local Indigenous people) and Swahili and Muslim merchants at Sofala Bay during the 8th century. They had trade networks that were developed several centuries before Portuguese traders’ arrival, settlement, and control of the trading of gold, ivory, and, much later, slaves in that part of the East African region. Early Portuguese explorers and writers, some of whom had intermarried with Mandowa women, realized that VaNdau had developed political, linguistic, social, and cultural identities in the 16th century. As reported in early Portuguese literature, VaNdau shared kinship ties, similar social and cultural beliefs, and spoke the same language (albeit with several regional varieties) that helped in the negotiation and assertion of a collective sense of Ndauness across centuries. Ndau identity became even more asserted and concretized during the 19th century when VaNdau were exposed to extreme persecution at the hands of their Gaza Nguni conquerors. Forced conscription of VaNdau into Gaza Nguni social and military ranks, however, resulted in a renegotiation of the nature and meaning of an Ndau identity. Interethnic marriage with Gaza Nguni warriors culminated in the emergence of a dual Ndau and Gaza identity represented by a permanent accommodation of Gaza Nguni clan names, among other cultural and linguistic elements among VaNdau in the late 19th century. Meanwhile, White colonial and missionary (mainly American Board Mission) activity exerted significant influence on the cultural, social, religious, and political aspects of Ndau society in the 20th century. Colonial and postindependent policies in education, media, and the greater society encouraged the assimilation of Ndau people into a newly created linguistic Shona identity in Zimbabwe. From 1931, young Ndau speakers began to gradually accept Shona as their primary identity. However, Ndau’s constitutional recognition as a separate official language in 2013 contributed toward the reclamation of the ChiNdau identity in Zimbabwe, especially across virtual platforms such as Facebook and other social networking sites. Thousands of Ndau-speaking people converge on virtual platforms such as Rekete Chindau—Leave a Legacy to reassert and reshape their identity through speaking and writing about it in Zimbabwe.