bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Colour Removal of Azo Dyes Using Boron-Doped Diamond Electrodes and Silver Nanoparticles as Electrocatalyst
Authors: Osemba Martin Ouma , Ojwang Loice , Maghanga Justin
Published: September 2024

Azo dyes are carcinogenic and if taken would lead to debilitating adverse health effects in animals, man and aquatic organisms. In this study, novel Boron Doped Diamond (BDD) electrodes coated with silver nanoparticles were applied. Iron (11) sulphate was used as a supporting electrolyte and silver nanoparticles as electrocatalyst to enhance the degradation efficiency. Degradation efficiency was monitored by UV-VIS spectrometry while some of the physico-chemical parameters were determined by standard methods for examination of water and wastewater as outlined in the APHA (2000). The absorption spectra for the four dyes were determined and their λ max ranged between 470 to 590 nm in UV-VIS spectrum. Colour removal of 100% was achieved at the end of the electrochemical degradation. The colour levels of the treated textile wastewater were found to be BDL. The final treated wastewater was compared with National Environmental Management Authority (NEMA) and World Health Organization (WHO) effluent discharge standards for the possibility of re-use or direct discharge to a natural water course. From the study findings, it is evident that the concentration of the dyes considered efficient for colour removal was 10 ppm since there was less power consumption thus economical. An increased concentration from 0.1 to 0.5 g/l of FeSO4 was added to act as a supporting electrolyte to enhance quick removal of the dye. As the concentration of silver nanoparticles increased from 0 to 8 ppm lowest power of 0.4536 watts within the group mean value of 0.03±0.0023 time (hours) and 0.63±0.0001 current (amperes) was recorded. Therefore, it was concluded that a greater concentration of AgNPs acted effectively as the electrocatalyst to eliminate the barrier during the dye removal process. In all four experiments using different kinds of textile dyes, it was worth noting that an increase in the inter-electrode distance from 2mm to 8 mm led to a decrease in the current production from 1.23±0.0140 A - 0.58±0.0048 A which resulted to a lot of time taken from 0.025±0.0012 hr -0.723±0.0047 hr. The aspect of temperature was also considered under the above optimal conditions, and at 45ºC the removal was faster as there was an increase in the chemical kinetics of the particles in the reaction system. As the pH increased from 4.0 to 7.0, current production increased from (0.21±0.0005-0.24±0.0014 A). From the group, analyzed pH range of 6.5±¬0.5 was noted to enhance better removal of the studied azo dye from the textile wastewater effluent. The textile azo dye colour was removed to below detectable levels (BDL) and thus could not be detected by human eye after treatment
Blood-based circulating biomarkers for prediction of immune-checkpoint inhibitors efficacy in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Omri Loubna , Naigeon Marie , Flippot Ronan , Gavira-Díaz Javier , Poveda-Ferriols Jesus , Nguyen Dan , Abdi Chaimae , Arroyo-Salgado Alvaro , Chaput Nathalie , de Velasco Guillermo , Albigès Laurence , Carril-Ajuria Lucía
Published: September 2024

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI)-based combinations have become the standard first-line treatment for advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Despite significant improvements in survival and the achievement of sustained long-term responses, a subset of patients remains refractory to ICI, and most will eventually develop resistance. Thus, identifying predictive biomarkers for ICI efficacy and resistance is essential for optimizing therapeutic strategies. Up to now, tissue-based biomarkers have not been successful as predictive biomarkers in RCC. Circulating blood-based biomarkers offer a promising alternative. These biomarkers, including circulating immune cells, soluble factors, tumor-derived markers, and those based on metabolomics, are less invasive, offer reproducibility over time, and provide a comprehensive assessment of tumor biology and patient immune status, as well as allow dynamic monitoring during treatment. This review aims to evaluate the current evidence on the different candidate circulating biomarkers being investigated for their potential to predict ICI efficacy in RCC patients.
Excess Returns Unleashed: Dynamic Momentum-Contrarian Strategy with Ichimoku
Authors: Purnomo Dwi Tjahjo , Wahyudi Sugeng , Muharam Harjum
Published: September 2024

Previous studies of momentum strategies and contrarian strategies have focused on debating the advantages of each strategy separately without attempting integration. The aim of this study was to test the effects of combining these two strategies into a dynamic approach, using Ichimoku as a mediator. This quantitative research uses daily stock prices taken from the Indonesia Stock Exchange website to analyze the mechanism of the relationship between heuristics and investment performance. Our research demonstrates the superior performance of the Dynamic strategy in generating higher returns when compared to alternative strategies. One of the main reasons behind this success is how well Ichimoku can navigate this indirect influence. The proposed model demonstrates strong predictive abilities and sets itself apart from the strategies that influence its development. Investors of all backgrounds, including individuals, can easily integrate this innovative strategy. Therefore, the study makes a valuable contribution to improving investment strategies, making them more comprehensive and effective.
Scheduling Algorithms Comparisons and Analysis using Simulation Results
Authors: Mohammed N. Al Refai
Published: September 2024

Heuristics Process scheduling is one of the key components of any operating system design. It defines the way the CPU resources are shared among processes in the system. In this paper, we present the performance comparison of five different process scheduling algorithms: FIFO, Round Robin, Shortest Remaining Time, Shortest Processing Time, and Highest Response Ratio Next. We evaluated these algorithms based on the simulations and calculated their effect on three key metrics: turnaround time, waiting time, and CPU utilization. The results showed that each of them has its pros and cons, thus making the optimal choice of scheduling algorithm impossible. This paper can be used by operating system designers or professionals in selecting an appropriate scheduling algorithm for a certain system and learning objectives.
Some Results on Partially Ordered Sets Involving Permuting n-derivations
Authors: Bedda Latifa , Boua Abdelkarim
Published: September 2024

The main objective of the present work, as a generalization of derivation, is to give the concept of permuting n-derivations on partially ordered sets (posets). Several associated theorems and fondamental properties involving permuting n-derivations are presented. Moreover, we demonstrate that if D is a permuting n-derivation on poset G with the greatest element 1 and the trace δ, then δ(1) = 1 if and only if δ is an identity on G. Furthermore, we discuss the relations among derivations, ideals and fixed sets in posets.
A Community based Non Communicable disease Prevention Intervention among Urban Slum population in Surat city
Authors: Geeta Patel  , Mukherjee Abhishek , Harshad Patel  , J. K. Kosambiya
Published: September 2024

Background:
Non Communicable Diseases have been identified among top ten global threats by WHO. The role of Screening in Ice berg disease is pre-established. In India, Community Based Assessment Checklist is used to identify high-risk people for Non-Communicable Diseases.
Methods:
A cross sectional study done among 265 participants from households situated in field practice area attached to Government Medical College, Surat. Data was collected using World Health Organization Stepwise approach to surveillance.
Results:
Out of total participants 83 (31.32%) were classified high risk (CBAC>4) for Non-Communicable Diseases. Mean age of participants was 43.79 + 9.36 years. One-tenth 25 (9.4%) of participants were on treatment. Those classified high risk were significantly associated with age (p<0.05), education (p=0.03), occupation (p<0.01). Predictors for Non-Communicable Diseases identified were smoking (aOR=4.7, p=0.003), alcohol (aOR= 2.3, p<0.001), higher Body Mass Index (aOR= 3.8, p=0.03) and higher waist size (aOR= 4.3, p<0.001). Sensitivity, Specificity of tool and Area under Curve were found to be 73.3%, 75.8% and 0.72 respectively.
Conclusion:
To prevent and control Non-Communicable Diseases key behavioral risk factors to be targeted include smoking, alcohol, higher Body Mass Index and waist size which could be due to unhealthy diet & absence of exercise.
Epidemiological Profile And Practices Of Animal Bite Victims Attending The OPD Of Rural Health And Training Centre Affiliated To A Tertiary Care Centre In Rewa
Authors: Rai Anamika , Marathe Neera , Sharma Shikhar , Nayak Shubhangi , Sharma Anshuman , Pradhan Murchhana , Namdeo Priyanshi
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: In India, over 35% of global human Rabies deaths occur, primarily from dog bites which are responsible for over 95% of cases. Objective of this study was to assess the epidemiological profile and practices regarding animal bite, among animal bite victims attending the OPD of Rural Health and Training Centre affiliated to a Tertiary Care Centre in Rewa.
METHODS: This was a facility based cross-sectional study. Sample size was 150. New animal bite victims were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire after obtaining informed verbal consent. The questionnaire consisted of demographic profile and questions regarding victims’ awareness about rabies, anti-rabies vaccine and their practices following the animal bite.
CONCLUSION: Younger age group (persons of 0-30 years age group) are more commonly affected. Awareness among participants may be raised by utilizing school health programs Major biting animals were dogs. Very few people are aware of the need for observing animals post bite. Wound care practices need to be improved. Pet dog rabies vaccination rate is very low, which needs to be focused upon for achieving rabies control.
Data Organization And Management For Longitudinal DERVAN Cohort Study In KONKAN Region Of India (DERVAN-3)
Authors: Patil Suvarna , Patil Netaji , Dervankar Omkar , Jadhav Dnyaneshwar , Joglekar Charudatta
Published: September 2024

Background: A skilful data management is the heart of any cohort study as results of such studies have far reaching impact on development national policies which will improve public health.
Methods: DERVAN cohort is a longitudinal study set up in KONKAN region of India. The study is expected to last at least 20 years. It plans to investigate impact of adolescent growth, diet and cognition on the risk of development of non-communicable diseases in the adulthood with diabetes as the main focus. The study will also investigate parents and investigate their contribution to the risk. We plan to recruit 1520 adolescent girls. MS Access was used to design data management system. Each family was given a unique identity number. At base line we have created 21 tables, 10 queries for adolescent data and 5 tables, 2 queries for parental data. The data is analysed using statistical software SPSS.
Conclusion: Though our system may not be designed using high end data base systems, it still caters to our needs in the initial stage of the project but its skilful design is expected to make a smooth adaptation to new database environment in the subsequent stages.
A Study On The Morbidity Profile Of Construction Workers In Visakhapatnam City
Authors: Surada Chandrika  , Paladugu Radha Kumar
Published: September 2024

Abstract:
Background: Construction workers are exposed to risks that differ markedly from general industry related to occupational health and safety.
Objectives:

To study the morbidity profile of construction workers.
To assess the socio-demographic profile of construction workers
To assess working conditions and facilities available at construction site.
To know the usage of personal protective equipment (PPE) among construction workers.

Methodology: An   observational, descriptive cross-sectional study conducted by Department of Community Medicine, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam among 305 construction workers. All male and female construction workers aged above 14 years who were available at the construction site. After obtaining permission from the Institutional Ethics Committee, and Informed written consent data was collected. Data analysis was done by using SPSS software.
Results: In the present study the current morbidity among the study population was 46.9%. The most common morbidity among construction workers was musculoskeletal problems (34.1%), followed by respiratory disorders (30.5%), gastrointestinal problems (23.6%), skin problems (21.6%), and central nervous system problems (22.6%).  About 40.7% of the study participants were using personal protective equipment.
Conclusion: Health education for workers is required to create awareness regarding workplace problems and the correct usage of Personal Protective equipment.
A Retrospective Cohort Study On Epidemiology Of MTP SeekersIn A Tertiary Care Hospital In South India
Authors: Kandanoor Ayesha  , P. Sudha Kumari
Published: September 2024

Background : Medical termination of pregnancy  (MTP) legalizes abortion to moderate extent and describes various grounds under which termination of pregnancy can be done. The present study aims to know the proportion of women and to analyse their determinants which lead to seek for MTP services in the family planning unit of a tertiary care hospital.
Methodology : A retrospective cohort study done between December 2023 to January 2024 for which data of 2 years ie., from January 2022 to December 2023 was retrieved from the MTP registers in the family planning unit. Data was entered in Microsoft Excel and analysed using SPSS Version 21.
Results : There were a total of 119 MTPs done in the family plaanning unit over a period of 2 years, which were all of first trimester abortions. 60.3% fall under socioeconomic causes, 17.2% were due to failure of contraceptive methods. The mean age was 28 years ranging from 17 to 40 years.
Conclusion : More common indication for MTP was found to be socioeconomic causes. Women who did not practice contraception after having desired family size contributes for this unwanted pregnancy.
Socio Demographic Profile And Awareness Among Sanitation Workers In Aligarh
Authors: Saleem Mohammad Khan  , Anees Ahmad  , Najam Khalique  , Salman Khalil  , Uzma Eram
Published: September 2024

The workers maintaining cleanliness in cities are popularly known as sanitation workersthroughout India. Sanitation Worker refers to all sorts of workers engaged in cleaning jobs, who handle dry and wet waste, and those who sweep. They are exposed to a variety of chemicals which pose an occupational hazard by exposing them to a wide range of health problems. Therefore this study has been undertaken, to assess the sociodemographic profile and awareness among sanitation workers in Aligarh. Across-sectional study was conducted in Aligarh including Sanitation workers under Nagar Nigam.The study period was one year, i.e.from July 2018 to June 2019. A total of  450 Sanitation workers were studied in a cross sectional study using multistage sampling conducted on sanitation workers employed under Nagar Nigam, Aligarh using structured questionnaires. The Questionnaire used in the study included Socio-demographic characteristics, Standard of Living Index, Health Problems,Health Seeking Behaviour and Satisfaction from Health System,Quality of Life, Stigma and Discrimination, Occupational Health Hazards, Alcohol Consumption and General Awareness. Data was entered and analyzed in SPSS 20. Data entry and analysis were presented using descriptive statistics, which included percentages, means, and frequencies. In this study, males constituted most of the respondents, reflecting male dominance in urban municipal work. Urban residents accounted for 95.8%, likely due to employment-driven migration. Marital status was varied, with 80.9% married. As almost all of the Safai Karamchari were unaware of government schemes.The older age group of 41-50 years was found having higher health problems. On the analysis of health problems with the mean age of Sanitation workers, it was found to be significantly associated with a higher age. There is a need to acknowledge, improve and strengthen services, including improving the working environment and better health care to the sanitation workers.
Prevalence and determinants of non-communicable disease risk factors among adult population in rural Manipur: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Lalrawngbawla Isaac , Naorem Rishikanta , Konjengbam Shantibala
Published: September 2024

Background: Owing to epidemiological transition and factors like rapid urbanization, the prevalence of non-communicable diseases has risen to alarming levels instigating global attention. Early detection of risk factors is of paramount importance when it comes to combating non-communicable diseases. Risk factors for non-communicable diseases can be broadly classified into behavioural and metabolic risk factors.
Objectives: To assess the prevalence of non-communicable disease risk factors and determine their association with sociodemographic variables among the adult population of rural Manipur.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among adult population in rural areas of Bishnupur district, Manipur during February and March 2023. Multistage stratified random sampling technique was employed. Data were collected from 426 individuals using interviewer-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics like mean with standard deviation and percentage were used. Chi-square test was used for statistical significance.
Results: The overall prevalence of current smoking was 22.3%, and 55.6% of respondents were currently using smokeless tobacco products. The prevalence of current alcohol consumption was 25.8%, 77.5% of the respondents had insufficient consumption of fruits and/or vegetables, 30% had insufficient physical activity, 21.4% were having daily salt intake of >5g, 58.2% were found to have overweight/obesity, and 47.4% were found with raised blood pressure. Occupation was found to be significantly associated with all non-communicable disease risk factors assessed in this study.
Conclusion: Life-style behaviour modification interventions are a must to reduce risk factors of non-communicable diseases.
Effect of Covid-19 on Diabetes Mellitus at Jazan Community
Authors: Amira Refaat Said
Published: September 2024

Background: The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 is now the major issue in global health. Evidence implies that patients with diabetes are at a higher risk of severe disease or death due to COVID-19 than individuals without diabetes. Aim to explore the effect of the coronavirus disease lockdown on diabetes patients living in JAZAN, Saudi Arabia Subject and Methods this was a cross-sectional study that was carried out among adult and adolescent diabetic people in 2020, toward COVID-19 pandemic effects on diabetic patients in jazan, who had attended Prince Mohammed bin Nasser Hospital in jazan, Saudi Arabia. The sample size taken in ; the total respondents were 110., The study population included adult and adolescent male and female diabetic patients ,Age was categorized into  four subgroups, starting from the 21-35 years group to the  above 46 years. Patients were asked. The results   found A majority of the responders (55.5% ) were وPatients were asked   fearing to contract coronavirus infection more than non-diabetic people , A majority of the responders (53.6% ) were  Agree, Patients were asked  Having had any online/virtual appointment during COVID-19 pandemic , found A majority of the responders (56.4% ) were  Agree Patients were asked  . Recommendation Further studies are needed to explore the exact psychological effect of COVID- 19 on diabetic patients. For people living with diabetes it is important to take precautions to avoid the virus if possible. The recommendations that are being widely issued to the general public are doubly important for people living with diabetes and anyone in close contact with people living with diabetes.
Fibroscan Study In Relation To Liver Function Test In Cases Of Hemoglobinopathies
Authors: Sharique Uddin Khan  , Surabhi Baxla  , Sunanda Jha  , Amar Verma  , Shabi Akhtar
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Hemoglobinopathies are the most common single gene disorders. Beta-thalassemia is one of the most common hemoglobinopathies worldwide, and a high prevalence is seen in Mediterranean region, central Asia, India, and Far East countries. Recurrent ischemic insults with parenchymal necrosis can result in hepatic fibrosis, chronic liver disease, and cirrhosis. Liver biopsy has historically been the primary means to evaluate for fibrosis and monitor disease progression, but it has significant limitations. Vibration controlled transient elastrography (VCTE) utilizing fibro scan uses an ultrasound transducer probe to create an elastic shear wave through vibrations of mild amplitude and low frequency (50Hz) which are transmitted through liver tissue.
Material & Methods:
Hospital based cross sectional study was conducted involving patients under 18 years of age registered for treatment of haemoglobinathies in the Department of Pediatrics, of Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi during June 2021 to June 2022.
Result:
It was observed that AST, ALT & ALP showed some progressive increase with increase in stage of fibrosis. Higher incidence of liver fibrosis was observed as patients age advances.
Conclusion:
Fibroscan is a recent technology which could detect the earliest changes in hepatic pathology without invasion, it is a painless technique and correlates well with changes in hepatic enzyme leading to identification of pathologic changes.
The Epidemic Diseases Amendment Act, 2020- An explicative review
Authors: Putla Sravan Sai Kumar  , Putla Sarika , Bhatia Minal
Published: September 2024

In situations of epidemics, public health laws play a crucial role in the control of infectious diseases. One such law in India is the Epidemic Diseases Act of 1897 which was introduced during the British Colonial Era to tackle the epidemic of bubonic plague that broke out in the then Bombay state at the time. Since the act was formulated more than a century ago, it had major limitations in meeting the need in this era of changing priorities in public health emergency management. It was realized that the act needed modifications to match new challenges. The Indian Parliament in 2020, on 28th September 2020, the Epidemic Diseases (Amendment) Act, 2020 received the assent of the President and it came into force on the 22nd day of April 2020. However, even after amendments the act lacks in various aspects. The present article discusses the need for further amendments to the Epidemic Diseases (Amendment) Act, 2020.
Dietary Patterns And Physical Activities Among University Students In Kogi State, Nigeria In Relation To Obesity.
Authors: Adeola Moses , Mohammed N Abubakar  , Suleiman Usman Omeiza , Dauda Joseph Abiodun , Ahmed Sani Getso , Nurudeen O. Abubakar  , Tanko Onotu Sule  , Joshua Ojonugwa Momodu
Published: September 2024

Background: Nigeria is experiencing a rapid transition of physical activity and nutrition involving less physical participation and increased intake of high calorie foods with poor nutrients. University years are when young people live independently or rise far from home, leading to decreased physical activity participation and adoption of poor dietary patterns.
Purpose: this study examined university students dietary patterns and physical activity in Kogi State, Nigeria.
Material and Methods: The research design used is descriptive cross-sectional survey with a random sampling technique. Data was collected using questionnaire from 320 students selected from the four universities on their dietary patterns and physical activity. Data analysis was conducted via SPPS version 20 and relationships between variables were established through Pearson product moment correlation co efficiency. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant and table was used to present the findings.
Results: The results of the study convincingly indicated that students exhibited poor dietary patterns whereby students consumed fast foods, sweetened beverages, and pastries most times in a week. Also, the result showed significant relationship between physical activity and obesity whereby students decreased in vigorous physical activity participation.
Conclusion: the study concluded that there is a significant association between dietary patterns, physical activity and obesity among university students in Kogi State, Nigeria.
Evaluation of Efficacy of Present Fixed Dose Combinations for Daily Antitubercular Treatment Under RNTCP
Authors: Vaibhav Vaibhav Aglawe , Nilkanth NilkanthT. Awad , Jairaj P Nair  , Bhadke B B  , Sucheta S Bhalerao  , Gayatri S Nair  , Priya N Deshpande
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Tuberculosis still accounts for millions of cases of active disease and deaths worldwide. The disease mainly affects the developing countries. Modern Anti-tubercular treatment can cure virtually all patients provided correct combination treatment is taken in amount and duration. Treatment of TB has been shifted towards daily regimen with administration of daily fixed dose combination of first- line ATD as per appropriate weight bands.
Objectives:

To study efficacy of RNTCP recommended Anti TB FDCs in different weight ranges of weight Bands.

Materials and Methods:  A Prospective cohort study was conducted involving a total of 830 patients presenting to Department of Respiratory Medicine, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and General Hospital, Sion, Mumbai with diagnosed tuberculosis and Registered for CAT I and CAT II ATT. Duration of study was 21 months. Follow up was done at the end of intensive phase (2 months) [at the end of maximum 3 months in extrapulmonary TB] and at the end of continuation phase (6 months for Cat I and 8 months for Cat II patients). Outcome of ATT was studied in different weight bands as per RNTCP. (Cure, Failure and treatment completed). Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.0.
Result:
Among treatment categories, most patients (78.6%) were registered under Category I (new patients) as compared to retreatment cases (Category II and Category I Retreatment). Among PTB patients cure rate was 78.2%, while among EPTB patients treatment completion rate was 85.2%. Compliance of patients was better with FDCs due to reduced pill load, single dose administration, can be conveniently given to patients of all weights as per their weight bands.
Conclusion: Among PTB patients cure rate was 78.2%, while among EPTB patients treatment completion rate was 85.2%.
Evaluation Of Oxidative Stress And In Non-Diabetic Dyslipidemic Stroke Patients Attending A Tertiary Care Hospital In Eastern India
Authors: Anannya Ghosh  , Apratim Chatterjee  , Sanchayan Sinha  , Mousumi Mukhopadhyay
Published: September 2024

Introduction: stroke is a clinical syndrome consisting of rapidly developing clinical signs of focal or global disturbance of cerebral function. Antioxidants are the exogenous or endogenous compounds acting by scavenging reactive oxygen species or their precursors, inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and binding metal ions needed for catalysis of ROS generation.
Our objective was to compare the lipid profile, fasting and post prandial blood sugar and the markers of lipid peroxidation( malonaldehyde and Paraoxonase1) in non-diabetic stroke patients with healthy controls and to evaluate the correlation between the lipid parameters with markers of lipid peroxidation in those patients
Materials and methods: 100 diagnosed stroke patients from Neurology OPD and IPD, were compared with 100 age matched healthy controls. Estimation of lipid profile parameters and fasting and post prandial blood sugar were done by Autoanalyzer using standardized kits. Estimation of serum malonaldehyde was done by based on the principle of utilization of Thiobarbituric acid. Serum Paraoxonase1 activity was estimated using paranitrophenylacetate substrate
Result: among the lipid profile parameters, HDL was significantly lower (p<0.001) and LDL was significantly higher among stroke patients. Serum Malonaldehyde level was significantly increased and PON1 activity were significantly decreased in stroke patients in comparison to healthy individuals. Significant positive correlation between HDL and PON1 and negative correlation between LDL and PON1 were found
Conclusion: low level of PON1 activity and increased level of malonaldehyde was found in stroke patients indicating imbalance between free radical generation and its scavenging action
Prescription pattern and appropriateness of non- steroidal anti- inflammatory drug therapy in patients with osteoarthritis- a cross sectional study.
Authors: Debasree Bhaumik  , Lakshman Das  , Prithul Bhattacharjee  , Ranjib Ghosh  , Abhijit Sarkar  , Paramita Chakraborti  , Swagata Datta
Published: September 2024

Objectives: Current medical management of osteoarthritis (OA) is mostly palliative with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) being the mainstay of therapy. NSAIDs are commonly used despite well-known side effect which may lead to various adverse drug reactions and drug toxicity. Therefore, the objectives of the study are to analyse the prescription pattern of NSAIDs in OA patients and to assess appropriateness of the use of NSAIDs in relation to gastrointestinal and cardiovascular risk.
Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among patients attending orthopaedics out- patient department & provisionally diagnosed as OA. Patients who were prescribed any of the following drugs or their combinations were included in the study: NSAIDs, Glucocorticoids, Opioid analgesics and Symptomatic Slow Acting Drugs for OA (SYSADOA). To assess prescription pattern, ‘WHO core prescribing indicators’ were used Analysis of appropriateness of NSAIDs use by the prescribers in relation to GI & CV risks, the recommendations of the ‘First International Working Party Report on Management of Patients on NSAIDs’ were adopted and categorised as appropriate or inappropriate or uncertain. Data were entered in statistical software ‘EpiInfo’. Data were represented by suitable tables & figures and expressed in frequency and percentage.
Results: A total 600 OA patients were included in the study. Out of 600 prescriptions, NSAIDs were prescribed in 547 prescriptions (91.17%). Total 402 prescriptions were analyzed for appropriateness of NSAIDs therapy. Out of total 402 prescriptions, 222 (55.23%) prescriptions were found appropriate, 127 (31.59%) inappropriate and 53 (13.18%) were found as uncertain.
Conclusions: The study showed that NSAIDs should be selected more judiciously for OA patients in relation to GI and CV risk in order to reduce untoward adverse effects of these agents.
Key-words: NSAIDs, Prescription pattern, Appropriateness.
Relationship between Serum Uric acid levels and Cerebrovascular risk factors in Acute Stroke
Authors: Shafeekh Sharin , Muppala Thejaswini , Joshi Yogita , Dasaraju Rajesh
Published: September 2024

Background: Worldwide, stroke is the commonest cause of chronic adult disability. Hyperuricemia is said to predict first ever stroke. Uric acid has both prooxidant and antioxidant effects. So this study was taken up to find whether high uric acid levels are beneficial or associated with risk in acute stroke.
Aim: This study aims to determine the serum uric acid levels in acute stroke patients and assess its relationship with cerebrovascular risk factors.
Material &Methods: This was a cross sectional study done in stroke patients admitted to the General Medicine department of Government Medical College, Thrissur during the period of January 2017 to December 2017. 82 participants with acute stroke (ischemic stroke or intracranial hemorrhage) were included in this study. Uric acid levels were estimated by uricase method.The serum uric acid levels and its relationship with cerebrovascular risk factors namely hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, history of ischemic heart disease, dyslipidemia, and valvular heart disease were determined. Correlation of urate levels with age, and lipid profile was also determined.  Correlation between different parameters was tested using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Significance for association between cerebrovascular risk factors and uric acid levels was tested using Chi Square test.
Results: 61% of participants belonged to the age group of 56-75yrs. Out of total 82 participants, 60 had ischemic stroke and 22 had hemorrhagic stroke. Mean uric acid levels were 6.13 + 0.46 mg/dl and 36 participants were hyperuricemic. Serum uric acid was found to be significantly higher in men (6.63 + 1.32) compared to women (5.57 + 1.43). There was a significant positive correlation between serum uric acid concentration and triglyceride levels in patients with acute stroke. No significant association was obtained between serum uric acid levels and cerebrovascular risk factors including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, history of ischemic heart disease, dyslipidemia, valvular heart disease, previous history of cerebrovascular accident and stroke type (p > 0.05) .
Conclusions: Increased serum uric acid levels can be considered as a risk factor for acute stroke due to its high levels and its accompanying increase in triglyceride levels.
The Effects of Unani Formulation Jawarish Bisbasa in Dyslipidaemia and Anthropometric Parameters Associated with Central Obesity- An open-label clinical Trial
Authors: Nirmala Devi MK  , Adil Mohd Adil , Nikhat Shaikh  , Irfan Ahmad  , Shah Alam  , Piyush Yadav  , Gazala Javed
Published: September 2024

Abstract:
The Unani system of medicine is endowed with enormous single and compound drugs and regimes for managing obesity that are safe and effective. Jawarish Bisbasa, a Unani polyherbal formulation, is traditionally used in the clinical treatment of central obesity. It is a polyherbal, semi-solid preparation of eleven medicinal herbs mainly used as spices. Though the standardized operating procedure for preparing Jawarish Bisbasa and its quality evaluation, along with stability data, have been reported, scientific documentation of the data on the safety and pharmacokinetic profile of Jawarish Bisbasa remains unexplored. One known modifiable risk factor for ischemic heart disease, stroke, and hypertension is dyslipidemia. The limitations of current conventional therapy have provided scope for research into a potential drug for this medical condition. It was hypothesized that Unani Formulation Jawarish Bisbasa may ameliorate dyslipidemia in humans.
Aim of the study: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Unani Formulation Jawarish Bisbasa and compare the changes in lipid profiles and anthropometric parameters before and after treatment in patients with hyperlipidemia associated with central obesity.
Materials and methods: An open-label clinical validation study was conducted at the Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, Mumbai Research OPD. The study included 120 cases of each gender with BMIs of 34.99 kg/m2 for men and 32.49 kg/m2 for women, while 88 cases completed the study. Enrolled cases received Unani Formulation Jawarish Bisbasa 7gm BD twice daily with warm water for 8 weeks. The pathological investigations and anthropometric parameters related to the study, particularly BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, sagittal abdominal diameter, LDL, HDL, and VLDL values, were statistically analyzed at baseline, first, follow-up, and at the end of the study by using an unpaired Student t-test and one-way analysis of variance. (ANOVA). Extremely significant BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, sagittal abdominal diameter, and lowering of ESR, total cholesterol, and triglycerides were analyzed in hyperlipidemia associated with central obesity. There were no side effects reported during the treatment.
A Cross-Sectional Evidence-Based Review of Drug Promotional Literature (DPL) in a Government Medical College
Authors: Hazarika Lavita , Kakoty Khanindra Nayan , Dutta Geetamoni , Aziz Sahid , Ray Rituparna Phukan
Published: September 2024

With the increase in the number of new drugs and high competition among pharmaceutical companies, medical representatives use DPL to promote their drugs. DPLs are one of the most accessible means of drug information. Therefore, drug promotion by ethical means is important as it influences rational and ethical prescribing by clinicians. This study was undertaken to evaluate and analyze the various DPLs for their ethical and scientific status as per WHO Ethical Drug Promotion Guidelines. This is a cross-sectional, observational study, conducted by evaluating and analyzing 207 DPLs collected randomly over a period of 6 months from various OPDs of Jorhat Medical College and Hospital. Of the 207 DPLs, a single drug was promoted in 48.31% and 51.69% were drug combinations. Only 60 (28.98%) of the DPLs fulfilled all 11 WHO criteria. References were mentioned in 75.85%; adverse drug reactions, contraindications, precautions, warnings, and drug interactions were listed in 32.85% of brochures, while dosage regimen was mentioned in 64.73% DPLs. The drug cost was highlighted in 7 DPLs (3.38%), while 2 DPLs (0.97%) did not mention the manufacturer’s name. Although 21.74 % literature showed relevant graphs and tables, 3% of brochures had irrelevant pictures. The most commonly promoted drugs were those acting on CNS (15.94%), followed by drugs acting on the cardiovascular system and anti-diabetic drugs (13.04%). In conclusion, majority of the DPLs did not follow the WHO guidelines and hence inadequate and unreliable drug information was promoted; which may mislead and result in irrational or unethical prescriptions.
Hizmetkâr Liderliğin Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Görgün Ali
Published: September 2024

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The Preventive Role of Combating Corruption in the Business World in Light of International Legislation
Authors: Al-Jhayyish Alaa Kareem Assi , Khoury Janane
Published: September 2024

Interest in combating corruption crimes in the business world has increased recently, as it is considered one of the most important risks that threaten the stability of the global economic, security and political system. Combating the phenomenon of corruption in the business world requires integrated efforts not only at the national level but also at the international and regional levels. Accordingly, countries have entered into international agreements and participated in international and regional organizations and conferences to determine the causes and motives of this phenomenon and to know the means to address it. As well as to benefit from the standards established and established by international efforts, and this is represented by ratifying them in its internal law to achieve the principle of international cooperation and coexistence between these legal systems to confront the problems brought by the phenomenon of corruption, to strengthen the will of the state with the will of the international community in order for efforts and positions to be unified in a way that leads to strengthening the preventive role and internationalization. The solutions to confront this phenomenon and ensure the implementation of the rulings issued to confront it. As a result, the international community realized that corruption in the business world is an international phenomenon that crosses borders and affects all countries negatively and in all fields. Therefore, the parties of this society and all its governmental and non-governmental international and regional institutions took the initiative to activate the preventive role as well as Confront and eliminating this phenomenon through the important roles taken by these parties
The Portrayal of Black Women in the Works of Alice Walker
Authors: Mustafa Faiza Farhat Mohammad
Published: September 2024

This research paper examines the significant contribution of Alice Walker to literature and her portrayal of Black women in challenging stereotypes and empowering narratives. Through a comprehensive analysis of Walker's works, including novels, short stories, essays, and poetry, this paper explores how she defies conventional expectations and celebrates the resilience and agency of Black women. The paper begins by providing an overview of Walker's significance in literature and the socio-political climate during her upbringing and early career. It then deals her early works, where she broke the Mold by portraying Black women as complex individuals with their own desires and agency. Key themes such as sisterhood, resilience, and self-discovery are analysed in novels like "The Color Purple" and "Possessing the Secret of Joy," showcasing Walker's ability to challenge stereotypes and uplift marginalized voices. The paper examines Walker's later works, where she continues to explore themes of heritage, spirituality, and community, offering nuanced representations of Black womanhood. Through an intersectional feminist lens, Walker addresses critiques of her work by acknowledging the diversity of Black women's experiences and identities. The conclusion affirms Walker's significant contribution to literature in challenging stereotypes and empowering Black women. It emphasizes the importance of continuing to explore and celebrate diverse representations of Black women in literature, recognizing the power of storytelling to inspire social change and empowerment.
Optimizing Cultural Tourism Through Effective Lighting Design
Authors: Ayobami Fakunmoju Esther , Ayeni Dorcas. A.
Published: September 2024

Overtime, interest has risen in museum research, with researchers finding answer to issues such as visitors experience, visitors’ interest, visitors need, motivations and desire to revisit. Lighting in museum is one of many crucial factors in museum finishing, that could motivate, promote or discourage more visit by tourists. The intensity of the spatial lighting could be excessive, or not sufficient. The understanding of lighting being sourced primarily from daylighting, and supported with artificial lighting, especially to serve as energy sources for the rainy seasons and the night hours in many parts of the world is a vital design criterion especially in Nigeria. Museum design over time has held on to the philosophy of putting out completely the natural light in museum design, or relegating it to common spaces in the museum such as circulation areas. Research has shown that the essence of natural lighting to the human psychology is very important, for effective productivity within spaces, which includes the museum, which double function today as a learning space too. This research is a step further in emphasizing this importance, and addressing the problem of balance between natural and artificial lighting within the museum exhibition space, to protect artifacts on display and promote maximum productivity amongst tourist and space users of a museum, thereby enhancing cultural tourism. For the purpose of this research, qualitative method of data collection is employed, using case study as the primary source for data collection, aside interview, and literatures for secondary data. Findings show that natural lighting in a museum can be controlled and adequately regulated using strategies such as building orientation with openings in the north and south axis of the site, strategic openings which promote in-direct contact with artifacts on display, treated glazing such as the anti-solar glass, and use of filters on glasses to keep the harmful UV ray out of the indoor space, and use of recesses and shading devices. The, research will enhance museum experience, through lighting within the museum space, and recommends proper control strategies for natural lighting, to enhance visitor’s performance, protect the artifacts on display, and enhance cultural tourism.
O CURRÍCULO DO PIAUÍ À LUZ DOS NOVOS LETRAMENTOS: UMA ANÁLISE DOCUMENTAL
Authors: De Araújo Francineide , FONTINLE FRANCISCO , Lacerda Nazozênio Antônio
Published: September 2024

A sociedade contemporânea, pós-moderna, reflexo, em grande medida, da quase onipresença global das novas tecnologias (Alves, Cruz, 2021) implica novas práticas sociais, novas habilidades, nova postura e nova mentalidade (Alves, Cruz, 2021; Lankshear, Nobel, 2011). Tendo em vista essa (re) configuração social, este trabalho propõe-se a analisar criticamente, à luz dos Novos Letramentos, o componente curricular de língua portuguesa, do 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental, referente ao Currículo do Piauí, de modo a verificar, se esse documento solicita aos professores a prática dos Novos Letramentos. Quanto ao referencial teórico, recorre-se às pesquisas de Alves, Cruz (2021); Dias, Araújo, Lacerda (2023); Lankshear, Nobel, (2011); Moura, Scott (2023); Rojo (2019); Takaki, Santana (2014); Wolf (2019), dentre outras. Quanto à metodologia, este trabalho configura-se como uma pesquisa bibliográfica, de natureza qualitativa, abordagem interpretativa e descritiva. Como método documental (Gil, 2019). Em relação à análise específica do 6º ano, de língua portuguesa, verificou-se que não há propostas de aulas alinhadas às características dos Novos Letramentos. Ainda constatou-se que, embora não haja a contemplação de habilidades coerentes aos princípios dos Novos Letramentos, há a contemplação de um único conteúdo referente às novas tecnologias digitais. Já no que tange especificamente à habilidade analisada no Componente de Língua Portuguesa do 6º ano, observou-se que este não propõe os princípios dos Novos Letramentos, a saber: a participação ativa, a colaboração mediante interação, a distribuição de funções, a consciência reflexiva-crítica, uma nova mentalidade. Portanto, diante desses dados, concluiu-se que o Componente Curricular de Língua Portuguesa, relativo ao 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental, não promove um desenvolvimento integral das práticas dos Novos Letramentos.
A HISTÓRIA DA MATEMÁTICA COMO ELEMENTO MOTIVACIONAL E PEDAGÓGICO NO ENSINO DE GEOMETRIA
Authors: Batista Erica Boizan , Vieira Carlos Augusto do Nascimento , Tavares Leandro da Silva , Júnior Valdinês Leite de Sousa
Published: September 2024

Este estudo investiga o impacto da história da matemática no ensino de geometria plana, visando avaliar como sua integração pode aprimorar tanto o entendimento dos conceitos geométricos quanto o engajamento dos alunos durante o processo de aprendizagem. A metodologia utilizada consiste em uma revisão bibliográfica e a proposta de abordagem das geometrias não euclidianas. A revisão bibliográfica abrangeu diversas fontes, como artigos científicos, teses e diretrizes curriculares, que discutem o uso da história da matemática como recurso educacional. Concluiu-se que a inclusão da história da matemática como estratégia pedagógica pode transformar positivamente o ensino de geometria plana. Essa abordagem não apenas enriquece o conteúdo curricular, mas também proporciona uma visão mais ampla e contextualizada da matemática como uma disciplina dinâmica e em constante evolução. Este estudo reforça a importância da história da matemática como ferramenta poderosa para promover um ensino mais significativo e engajador, especialmente no contexto da geometria plana.