bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microscopic description of ground state magnetic moment and low-lying magnetic dipole excitations in heavy odd-mass 181Ta nucleus
Authors: Tabar Emre , Yakut Hakan , Kuliev Ali Akbar
Published: July 2016

The ground state magnetic moments and the low-lying magnetic dipole (Ml) transitions from the ground to excited states in heavy deformed odd-mass [Formula: see text]Ta have been microscopically investigated on the basis of the quasiparticle-phonon nuclear model (QPNM). The problem of the spurious state mixing in M1 excitations is overcome by a restoration method allowing a self-consistent determination of the separable effective restoration forces. Due to the self-consistency of the method, these effective forces contain no arbitrary parameters. The results of calculations are compared with the available experimental data, the agreement being reasonably satisfactory.
Pregnant Women in Louisiana Are Not Meeting Dietary Seafood Recommendations
Authors: Drewery M. L. , Gaitán A. V. , Thaxton C. , Xu W. , Lammi-Keefe C. J.
Published: July 2016

Background. The 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend that pregnant women and women of childbearing ages consume 8–12 oz. of seafood per week. Fish are the major dietary source of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, which have benefits for the mother and fetus.Methods. In this observational study, we investigated dietary habits of pregnant women in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA, to determine if they achieve recommended seafood intake. A print survey, which included commonly consumed foods from protein sources (beef, chicken, pork, and fish), was completed by pregnant women at a single-day hospital convention for expecting families in October 2015. Women (n=221) chose from six predefined responses to answer how frequently they were consuming each food.Results. Chicken was consumed most frequently (75% of women), followed by beef (71%), pork (65%), and fish (22%), respectively. Consumption frequency for the most consumed fish (catfish, once per month) was similar to or lower than that of the least consumed beef, chicken, and pork foods. Consumption frequency for the most consumed chicken and beef foods was at least once per week.Conclusion. Our data indicate that pregnant women in Louisiana often consume protein sources other than fish and likely fail to meet dietary seafood recommendations.
Improving Results on Solvability of a Class ofnth-Order Linear Boundary Value Problems
Authors: Almenar Pedro , Jódar Lucas
Published: July 2016

This paper presents a modification of a recursive method described in a previous paper of the authors, which yields necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of solutions of a class ofnth-order linear boundary value problems, in the form of integral inequalities. Such a modification simplifies the assessment of the conditions on restricting the inequality to be verified to a single point instead of the full interval where the boundary value problem is defined. The paper also provides an error bound that needs to be considered in the integral inequalities of the previous paper when they are calculated numerically.
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Stimulation as Alternative Treatment Modality for Wrist and Fingers Spasticity in Poststroke Patients: A Prospective, Open‐Label, Preliminary Clinical Trial
Authors: Dymarek Robert , Taradaj Jakub , Rosińczuk Joanna
Published: July 2016

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of radial shock waves (rESW) for wrist and fingers flexors spasticity in stroke patients. Methods. Twenty patients with upper limb muscle spasticity were enrolled in the study and treated with a single session of rESW. The spasticity level of the radio carpal (RC) and finger (FF) joints was assessed using Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS). The resting bioelectrical activity of the flexor carpi radialis (FCR) and flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) was examined using surface electromyography (sEMG). Trophic conditions were measured using infrared thermal (IRT) imaging. All measurements were conducted at baseline (t0), immediately after rESW (t1), and 1 (t2) and 24 (t3) hours following rESW. Results. Significant reduction in MAS was observed for the RC joint in t1, as well as for the FF joints in t1, t2, and t3. A significant decrease in sEMG was shown for the FCR muscle in t1 and t2, as well as for the FCU muscle in t1 and t3. Also, a significant increase in IRT value was observed in t3 only. Conclusions. A single session of rESW could be an effective alternative treatment for reduction of limb spasticity and could lead to improvement of trophic conditions of the spastic muscles.
2,3,5,4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-glucoside Isolated from Polygoni Multiflori Ameliorates the Development of Periodontitis
Authors: Chin Yu-Tang , Hsieh Meng-Ti , Lin Chi-Yu , Kuo Po-Jan , Yang Yu-Chen S. H. , Shih Ya-Jung , Lai Hsuan-Yu , Cheng Guei-Yun , Tang Heng-Yuan , Lee Chen-Chen , Lee Sheng-Yang , Wang Ching-Chiung , Lin Hung-Yun , Fu Earl , Whang-Peng Jacqueline , Liu Leroy F.
Published: July 2016

Periodontitis, a chronic infection by periodontopathic bacteria, induces uncontrolled inflammation, which leads to periodontal tissue destruction. 2,3,5,4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-beta-glucoside (THSG), a polyphenol extracted from Polygoni Multiflori, reportedly has anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of THSG on thePorphyromonas gingivalis-induced inflammatory responses in human gingival fibroblasts and animal modeling of ligature-induced periodontitis. Human gingival fibroblast cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) extracted fromP. gingivalisin the presence of resveratrol or THSG to analyze the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 genes. Increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and SirT1 expression were induced by THSG. Treatment of THSG decreased the expression of LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines, enhanced AMPK activation, and increased the expression of SirT1. In addition, it suppressed the activation of NF-κB when cells were stimulated withP. gingivalisLPS. The anti-inflammatory effect of THSG and P. Multiflori crude extracts was reproduced in ligature-induced periodontitis animal modeling. In conclusion, THSG inhibited the inflammatory responses ofP. gingivalis-stimulated human gingival fibroblasts and ameliorated ligature-induced periodontitis in animal model.
Using Multidisciplinary Focus Groups to Inform the Development of mI SMART: A Nurse-Led Technology Intervention for Multiple Chronic Conditions
Authors: Mallow Jennifer A. , Theeke Laurie A. , Theeke Elliott , Mallow Brian K.
Published: July 2016

Used as integrated tools, technology may improve the ability of healthcare providers to improve access and outcomes of care. Little is known about healthcare teams’ preferences in using such technology. This paper reports the findings from focus groups aimed at evaluating a newly developed primary care technology platform. Focus groups were completed in academic, outpatient, and community settings. Focus groups were attended by 37 individuals. The participants included professionals from multiple disciplines. Both prescribing (N=8) and nonprescribing healthcare team members (n=21) completed the focus groups and survey. The majority were practicing for more than 20 years (44.8%) in an outpatient clinic (62%) for 20–40 hours per week (37.9%). Providers identified perceived obstacles of patient use as ability, willingness, and time. System obstacles were identified as lack of integration, lack of reimbursement, and cost. The positive attributes of the developed system were capability for virtual visits, readability, connectivity, user-friendliness, ability to capture biophysical measures, enhanced patient access, and incorporation of multiple technologies. Providers suggested increasing capability for biophysical and symptom monitoring for more common chronic conditions. Technology interventions have the potential to improve access and outcomes but will not be successful without the input of users.
Stability Investigation of Ligand-Exchanged CdSe/ZnS-Y (Y = 3-Mercaptopropionic Acid or Mercaptosuccinic Acid) through Zeta Potential Measurements
Authors: Vo Ngoc Thuy , Ngo Hai Dang , Do Thi Ngoc Phuong , Nguyen Thi Kim Phung , Duong Ai Phuong , Lam Vinh
Published: July 2016

Quantum dots have been considered to be promising candidates for bioapplications because of their high sensitivity, rapid response, and reliability. The synthesis of high-quality quantum dots that can be dissolved in water and other biological media is a crucial step toward their further application in biology. Starting with a one-pot reaction and the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method, we produced the CdSe/ZnS core/shell structure. Through a ligand-exchange mechanism, we coated the as-made CdSe/ZnS structure with 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) or mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA). Various techniques, including photoluminescence (PL), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, were utilized to characterize the ligand-coated CdSe/ZnS structure. The results show enhanced luminescence intensity, CdSe surface passivation by ZnS, and successful coating with MPA and MSA. The stability of quantum dots in solutions with different pH values was investigated by performing zeta potential measurements. The results revealed that the quantum dots shifted from displaying hydrophobic to hydrophilic behavior and could be connected with bioagents.
“Cumulative Stress”: The Effects of Maternal and Neonatal Oxidative Stress and Oxidative Stress‐Inducible Genes on Programming of Atopy
Authors: Manti Sara , Marseglia Lucia , D’Angelo Gabriella , Cuppari Caterina , Cusumano Erika , Arrigo Teresa , Gitto Eloisa , Salpietro Carmelo
Published: July 2016

Although extensive epidemiological and laboratory studies have been performed to identify the environmental and immunological causes of atopy, genetic predisposition seems to be the biggest risk factor for allergic diseases. The onset of atopic diseases may be the result of heritable changes of gene expression, without any alteration in DNA sequences occurring in response to early environmental stimuli. Findings suggest that the establishment of a peculiar epigenetic pattern may also be generated by oxidative stress (OS) and perpetuated by the activation of OS‐related genes. Analyzing the role of maternal and neonatal oxidative stress and oxidative stress‐inducible genes, the purpose of this review was to summarize what is known about the relationship between maternal and neonatal OS‐related genes and the development of atopic diseases.
Hepatoprotective Effect of Quercetin on Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Inflammation after Intense Exercise in Mice through Phosphoinositide 3‐Kinase and Nuclear Factor‐Kappa B
Authors: Tang Yuhan , Li Juan , Gao Chao , Xu Yanyan , Li Yanyan , Yu Xiao , Wang Jing , Liu Liegang , Yao Ping
Published: July 2016

The mechanisms underlying intense exercise‐induced liver damage and its potential treatments remain unclear. We explored the hepatoprotection and mechanisms of quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, in strenuous exercise‐derived endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and inflammation. Intense exercise (28 m/min at a 5° slope for 90 min) resulted in the leakage of aminotransferases in the BALB/C mice. The hepatic ultrastructural malformations and oxidative stress levels were attenuated by quercetin (100 mg/kg·bw). Intense exercise and thapsigargin‐ (Tg‐) induced ERS (glucose‐regulated protein 78, GRP78) and inflammatory cytokines levels (IL‐6 and TNF‐α) were decreased with quercetin. Furthermore, quercetin resulted in phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K) induction, Ca2+ restoration, and blockade of the activities of Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) and especially NF‐κB (p65 and p50 nuclear translocation). A PI3K inhibitor abrogated the protection of quercetin on ERS and inflammation of mouse hepatocytes. SP600125 (JNK inhibitor), AEBSF (ATF6 inhibitor), and especially PDTC (NF‐κB inhibitor) enhanced the quercetin‐induced protection against Tg stimulation. Collectively, intense exercise‐induced ERS and inflammation were attenuated by quercetin. PI3K/Akt activation and JNK, ATF6, and especially NF‐κB suppression were involved in the protection. Our results highlight a novel preventive strategy for treating ERS and inflammation‐mediated liver damage induced by intense exercise using natural phytochemicals.
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis in Public Primary School Children in Nigeria: Prevalence and Nomenclature
Authors: Duke Roseline E. , Odey Friday , De Smedt Stefan
Published: July 2016

Objective. This study sought to add to the body of information on the prevalence and pattern of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) among school aged children in Cross River State, Nigeria.Method. A cross-sectional survey of children in public primary schools in Cross River State, Nigeria, was studied for VKC. Five schools were included, using a multistage sampling technique. Comprehensive eye examinations were conducted in one thousand two hundred and twenty-six (1226) school children.Main Outcome Measures/Results. The mean age of the population of 1226 school attending children was9.62±2.324. The prevalence of VKC was 18.1% in this population study. The ratio of males to females is 1.8 : 1. The clinical grading of the 223 children with VKC is as follows: 43 (19.3%) quiescent, 134 (60.1%) mild, 44 (19.7%) moderate, and 2 (0.9%) severe VKC. The clinical types reported are as follows: limbal 67 (30.0%), tarsal 105 (47.1%), and mixed 51 (22.9%). The clinical types were used to describe a modified nomenclature.Conclusions. Vernal keratoconjunctivitis is a commonly occurring chronic condition and an important public health problem. A simple diagnostic nomenclature for describing VKC for primary health care workers is recommended.
Topisches Tyrothricin 0,1% bei Acne vulgaris
Authors: Makrantonaki Eugenia
Published: July 2016

Hintergrund/Ziele: Antibiotikainduzierte Arzneimittelresistenzen erfordern neue Ansätze in der topischen Aknetherapie. Von Tyrothricin ist bekannt, dass es nicht zur Resistenzentwicklung führt. In dieser Studie wurde es erstmals in der topischen Aknetherapie geprüft. Untersucht wurden die Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit von topisch appliziertem Tyrothricin 0,1%. Methoden: Randomisierte, mit aktivem Vergleichspräparat kontrollierte, für den Untersucher verblindete explorative klinische Studie mit 24 Teilnehmern mit Acne papulopustulosa. Die Teilnehmer wurden per Randomisierung einer Halbseiten-Behandlung mit entweder Tyrothricin versus Clindamycin + Benzoylperoxid (BPO) (n = 12) oder Tyrothricin versus BPO 5% (n = 12) zugeteilt. Der primäre Endpunkt war die Veränderung der Zahl entzündlicher und nicht-entzündlicher Läsionen. Ergebnisse: Die mittleren Unterschiede in der Zahl entzündlicher Läsion gegenüber Studienbeginn betrugen -12,3 (95%-KI: -20,5 bis -4,1) unter Clindamycin + BPO, -10,2 (95% KI: -15,3 bis -5,0) unter BPO 5% und -7,7 (95% KI: -11,7 bis -3,7) unter Tyrothricin. Tyrothricin bewirkte eine Reduktion der Zahl nicht-entzündlicher Läsionen (mittlerer Unterschied: -6,5 (95%-KI: -11,6 bis -1,4) und weniger arzneimittelbedingte unerwünschte Ereignisse (n = 31) im Vergleich zu BPO (n = 37) und Clindamycin + BPO (n = 20). Schlussfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass Tyrothricin ein Kandidat für die Aknetherapie und besser verträglich sein könnte als beide Vergleichstherapien. Übersetzung aus Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2016;29:1-8 (DOI:10.1159/000439439)
Low Cerebrospinal Fluid Amyloid-Beta Concentration Is Associated with Poorer Delayed Memory Recall in Women
Authors: Haapalinna Fanni , Paajanen Teemu , Penttinen Janne , Kokki Hannu , Kokki Merja , Koivisto Anne M. , Hartikainen Päivi , Solje Eino , Hänninen Tuomo , Remes Anne Marja , Herukka Sanna-Kaisa
Published: July 2016

Background: Data on the association of memory performance with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are inconsistent. The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease neuropsychological battery (CERAD-NB) is a commonly used validated cognitive tool; however, only few studies have examined its relationship with CSF biomarkers for AD. We studied the correlation of pathological changes in CSF biomarkers with various CERAD-NB subtests and total scores. Methods: Out of 79 subjects (36 men, mean age 70.5 years), 63 had undergone an assessment of cognitive status with CERAD-NB and a CSF biomarker analysis due to a suspected memory disorder, and 16 were controls with no memory complaint.Results: In women we found a significant correlation between CSF amyloid-beta (Aβ1-42) and several subtests measuring delayed recall. Word List Recall correlated with all markers: Aβ1-42 (r = 0.323, p = 0.035), tau (r = -0.304, p = 0.050) and hyperphosphorylated tau (r = -0.331, p = 0.046). No such correlations were found in men. Conclusions: CSF biomarkers correlate with delayed memory scores in CERAD-NB in women, and women may have more actual AD pathology at the time of the investigations than men.
Bilateral Central Foot Drop in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Işık Semra , Akakın Akın , Ekşi Murat Şakir , Yılmaz Baran , Aksoy Tamer , Konakçı Murat , Toktaş Zafer Orkun , Kılıç Türker
Published: July 2016

Foot drop is an inability to dorsiflex the ankle and toe. Primary causes of foot drop are compression or lesion of the 5th lumbar nerve and entrapment of the peroneal nerve at the head of the fibula. Rarely, some central nervous system lesions lead to foot drop. A 16-year-old boy was admitted with blunt head trauma that had happened in an assault. The muscle strength of the bilateral tibialis anterior, bilateral extensor digitorum longus and bilateral extensor digitorum brevis were Medical Research Council grade 1. Deep tendon reflexes of both ankles were hyperactive, with bilateral clonus and bilateral Babinski sign. There were cerebral contusions with peripheral edema in both motor strip areas extending anteriorly into the frontal lobes, with right-sided epidural-subdural hematoma. On brain MRI, the superior sagittal sinus was open. The epidural-subdural hematoma did not progress in its dimensions. The patient was treated conservatively. He recovered fully with regression of the contusions and epidural-subdural hematoma 4 months after the trauma. Foot drop due to upper motor neuron pathologies is more spastic in nature, different from what happens following lumbar disc herniation or peroneal nerve dysfunction. Treatment of central foot drop should be planned according to the underlying pathology.
Phenotypic Variability from Benign Infantile Epilepsy to Ohtahara Syndrome Associated with a Novel Mutation in SCN2A
Authors: Syrbe Steffen , Zhorov Boris S. , Bertsche Astrid , Bernhard Matthias K. , Hornemann Frauke , Mütze Ulrike , Hoffmann Jessica , Hörtnagel Konstanze , Kiess Wieland , Hirsch Franz W. , Lemke Johannes R. , Merkenschlager Andreas
Published: July 2016

Mutations in SCN2A have been associated with benign familial neonatal-infantile seizures (BFNIS) as well as infantile-onset epileptic encephalopathy, such as Ohtahara syndrome (OS). We describe a family with 3 affected individuals carrying the novel SCN2A missense variant c.1147C>G, p.Q383E affecting a residue proximal to the highly conserved selectivity filter in the P-loop of the voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav1.2). All 3 individuals presented with seizures in early infancy. However, there were striking differences in the spectrum of clinical presentations, ranging from BFNIS to OS. A change of ion selectivity of Nav1.2 is considered to be the potential pathomechanism underlying this Nav1.2 channel dysfunction. The observation of benign and severe phenotypes due to an identical mutation within one family contradicts the hypothesis of different modes of inheritance as a mandatory feature discriminating BFNIS from SCN2A encephalopathy.
Skeletal Fragility in Children with Chronic Disease
Authors: Joseph S. , McCarrison S. , Wong S.C.
Published: July 2016

Skeletal fragility associated with underlying childhood chronic disease is a systemic disorder of poor bone growth and reduction in bone turnover which can lead to abnormal bone mass, geometry and microarchitecture. Due to the growth potential unique to children, remarkable bone recovery following a transient threat to the bone can occur if there is concurrent growth. Addressing bone health in these children should focus on improvement in growth, puberty and removing the primary insult. In conditions where there is a little scope for bone recovery and limited residual growth, bone-targeted therapy may need to be considered, even though there is currently limited evidence. The importance of early detection of signs of bone fragility, by active screening for vertebral fracture using newer imaging techniques such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry lateral vertebral morphometry, may now be possible. There is currently, a paucity of evidence to support prophylactic use of anti-resorptive therapy. Where poor growth and low bone turnover are seen, the use of growth-promoting therapies and anabolic bone-protective agents may be more physiological and should be evaluated in well-designed trials. Collaborative studies on long-term fracture outcome and well-designed trials of bone-protective therapies are needed and to be encouraged.
Media Exposure and Genetic Literacy Skills to Evaluate Angelina Jolie's Decision for Prophylactic Mastectomy
Authors: Abrams Leah R. , Koehly Laura M. , Hooker Gillian W. , Paquin Ryan S. , Capella Joseph N. , McBride Colleen M.
Published: July 2016

Purpose: To examine public preparedness to evaluate and respond to Angelina Jolie's well-publicized decision to have a prophylactic mastectomy. Methods: A consumer panel (n = 1,008) completed an online survey in November 2013, reporting exposure to Jolie's story, confidence applying genomic knowledge to evaluate her decision, and ability to interpret provided genetic risk information (genetic literacy skills). Linear and logistic regressions tested mediating/moderating models of these factors in association with opinions regarding mastectomies. Results: Confidence with genomics was associated with increased genetic literacy skills and increased media exposure, with a significant interaction between the two. Confidence was also associated with favoring mastectomies for women with BRCA mutations, mediating the relationship with media exposure. Respondents were more likely to form opinions about mastectomies if they had high genetic literacy skills. Conclusion: These findings suggest that having higher genetic literacy skills may increase the public's ability to form opinions about clinical applications of genomic discovery. However, repeated media exposure to high-profile stories may artificially inflate confidence among those with low genetic literacy.
Internal Carotid Artery S-Shaped Curve as a Marker of Fibromuscular Dysplasia in Dissection-Related Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Haussen Diogo C. , Jadhav Ashutosh , Rebello Leticia C. , Belagaje Samir , Anderson Aaron , Jovin Tudor , Aghaebrahim Amin , Gulati Deepak , Wells Bryan , Frankel Michael , Nogueira Raul G.
Published: July 2016

Background and Purpose: Craniocervical fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is associated with dissections and with S-shaped curves in the internal carotid artery (ICA). We evaluated the occurrence of S-curves in patients presenting with acute strokes due to ICA steno-occlusive dissections. Methods: This was a retrospective review of the interventional databases of two academic tertiary-care institutions. The presence of ICA S-shaped curves, C-shaped curves, 360-degree loops, as well as classic FMD and atherosclerotic changes at the ICA bulb and curve/loop was determined. Cases of carotid dissections were compared with a control group (consecutive non-tandem anterior circulation strokes). Results: Twenty-four patients with carotid dissections were compared to 92 controls. Baseline characteristics and procedural variables were similar, with the exception of younger age, less frequent history of hypertension, diabetes, atrial fibrillation and stent retriever use in patients with dissections. The rates of mTICI2b-3 reperfusion, parenchymal hematoma, good outcome and mortality were similar amongst groups. The frequency of S-curves (any side without superimposed atherosclerosis) was 29% in the dissection group versus 7% in controls (p < 0.01). S-curves were typically mirror images within the dissection group (85% had bilateral occurrence). The frequency of C-shaped and 360-degree curves was similar between groups. FMD changes within the craniocervical arteries were statistically more common in dissection patients. Ten patients (41%) of the dissection group had S-curves or classic FMD changes. Multivariate analysis indicated that S-curves were independently associated with the presence of dissections. Conclusion: S-shaped ICA curves are predictably bilateral, highly associated with carotid dissections in patients with moderate to severe strokes, and may suggest an underlying presence of FMD.
Poesia, identità e trilinguismo in Amelia Rosselli
Authors: Pacella Maria
Published: July 2016

Em Amelia Rosselli, a busca de uma língua "própria" se deu com rigor e tensão dramática, mas também com jogo e leveza, coincidindo com a busca de sua própria identidade. Entre aberturas e fechamentos, a língua de Amelia Rosselli se constitui em corpo sólido e revela sua origem trilingüe.
Il caso Pinocchio
Authors: Strappini Lucia
Published: July 2016

Neste artigo se analisam as razões do extraordinário poder de atração exercido pelo livro de Carlo Collodi, dentro e fora da Itália.
Vendo e Ouvindo Vozes – A Caminho da Educomunicação
Authors: Costa Maria Cristina Castilho
Published: July 2016

O presente trabalho mostra como os textos escritos pelo neurologista Oliver Sacks, especialmente em seu livro Vendo Vozes, podem ser usados na formação do educomunicador. Tal profissional atua em atividades educativas, formais ou informais, públicas ou privadas, e nos meios de comunicação. Para desempenhar de modo satisfatório suas atribuições, faz-se necessário que ele tenha uma visão interdisciplinar sobre o mundo e desenvolva uma atitude crítica e democrática em relação à sociedade em que vive. Entendemos que unindo teoria à prática, o conhecimento a uma atitude participativa, a produção cultural e artística se mostra como um meio privilegiado para o exercício da educomunicação.
Contemporary Russia-Saudi Relations: Building a Bridge of Cooperation over the Abyss of Discrepancies
Authors: Suchkov Maxim
Published: July 2016

For the most part of the twenty-five years of the contemporary Russian-Saudi relationship it has been a mixed baggage of mutual accusations, large-scale suspicions and extremely limited cooperation. Swift regional transformations in the wake of the Arab spring, Russia’s re-emergence in the region as a influential actor and the power transition in the Kingdom have pushed Moscow and Riyadh to seek a fresh start. The relationship has multiple dimensions, is dependent on too many outside factors and is still far from offering an “ideal formula” for adequately marrying each other’s interests. At the same time, it possesses enough resources needed for a more robust cooperation.

The present paper examines the nature of the Russian-Saudi relationship, as well as outside factors that frequently define it. It also assesses implications of the crisis in Syria on the bilateral relations and proposes a vision for a potential cooperation.
The Role of Warm Conveyor Belts for the Intensification of Extratropical Cyclones in Northern Hemisphere Winter
Authors: Binder Hanin , Boettcher Maxi , Joos Hanna , Wernli Heini
Published: July 2016

The role of warm conveyor belts (WCBs) and their associated positive low-level potential vorticity (PV) anomalies are investigated for extratropical cyclones in Northern Hemisphere winter, using ERA-Interim and composite techniques. The Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.68 implies a moderate to strong correlation between cyclone intensification and WCB strength. Hereby, cyclone intensification is quantified by the normalized maximum 24-h central sea level pressure deepening and WCB strength by the WCB air mass associated with the cyclone’s 24-h period of strongest deepening. Explosively intensifying cyclones typically have strong WCBs and pronounced WCB-related PV production in the cyclone center; they are associated with a WCB of type W2, which ascends close to the cyclone center. Cyclones with similar WCB strength but weak intensification are either diabatic Rossby waves, which do not interact with an upper-level disturbance, or cyclones where much of the WCB-related PV production occurs far from the cyclone center and thereby does not contribute strongly to cyclone deepening (WCB of type W1, which ascends mainly along the cold front). The category of explosively intensifying cyclones with weak WCBs is inhomogeneous but often characterized by a very low tropopause or latent heating independent of WCBs. These findings reveal that (i) diabatic PV production in WCBs is essential for the intensification of many explosive cyclones, (ii) the importance of WCBs for cyclone development strongly depends on the location of the PV production relative to the cyclone center, and (iii) a minority of explosive cyclones is not associated with WCBs.
The Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Modulates the Sensitivity of Arcuate Nucleus to Hypoglycemia in the Male Rat
Authors: Herrera-Moro Chao D. , León-Mercado L. , Foppen E. , Guzmán-Ruiz M. , Basualdo M. C. , Escobar C. , Buijs R. M.
Published: July 2016

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and arcuate nucleus (ARC) have reciprocal connections; catabolic metabolic information activates the ARC and inhibits SCN neuronal activity. Little is known about the influence of the SCN on the ARC. Here, we investigated whether the SCN modulated the sensitivity of the ARC to catabolic metabolic conditions. ARC neuronal activity, as determined by c-Fos immunoreactivity, was increased after a hypoglycemic stimulus by 2-deoxyglucose (2DG). The highest ARC neuronal activity after 2DG was found at the end of the light period (zeitgeber 11, ZT11) with a lower activity in the beginning of the light period (zeitgeber 2, ZT2), suggesting the involvement of the SCN. The higher activation of ARC neurons after 2DG at ZT11 was associated with higher 2DG induced blood glucose levels as compared with ZT2. Unilateral SCN-lesioned animals, gave a mainly ipsilateral activation of ARC neurons at the lesioned side, suggesting an inhibitory role of the SCN on ARC neurons. The 2DG-induced counterregulatory glucose response correlated with increased ARC neuronal activity and was significantly higher in unilateral SCN-lesioned animals. Finally, the ARC as site where 2DG may, at least partly, induce a counterregulatory response was confirmed by local microdialysis of 2DG. 2DG administration in the ARC produced a higher increase in circulating glucose compared with 2DG administration in surrounding areas such as the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH). We conclude that the SCN uses neuronal pathways to the ARC to gate sensory metabolic information to the brain, regulating ARC glucose sensitivity and counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemic conditions.
Epigenetic Changes of the Cyp11a1 Promoter Region in Granulosa Cells Undergoing Luteinization During Ovulation in Female Rats
Authors: Okada Maki , Lee Lifa , Maekawa Ryo , Sato Shun , Kajimura Takuya , Shinagawa Masahiro , Tamura Isao , Taketani Toshiaki , Asada Hiromi , Tamura Hiroshi , Sugino Norihiro
Published: July 2016

The ovulatory LH surge induces rapid up-regulation of Cyp11a1 in granulosa cells (GCs) undergoing luteinization during ovulation. This study investigated in vivo whether epigenetic controls including histone modifications and DNA methylation in the promoter region are associated with the rapid increase of Cyp11a1 gene expression after LH surge. GCs were obtained from rats treated with equine chorionic gonadotropin (CG) before (0 h) and 4 h and 12 h after human (h)CG injection. Cyp11a1 mRNA levels rapidly increased after hCG injection, reached a peak at 4 hours, and then remained elevated until 12 hours. DNA methylation status in the Cyp11a1 proximal promoter region was hypomethylated and did not change at any of the observed times after hCG injection. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that the levels of trimethylation of lysine 4 on histone H3 (H3K4me3), an active mark for transcription, increased, whereas the levels of H3K9me3 and H3K27me3, which are marks associated with repression of transcription, decreased in the Cyp11a1 proximal promoter after hCG injection. Chromatin condensation, which was analyzed using deoxyribonuclease I, decreased in the Cyp11a1 proximal promoter after hCG injection. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays also showed that the binding activity of CAATT/enhancer-binding protein-β to the Cyp11a1 proximal promoter increased after hCG injection. Luciferase assays revealed that the CAATT/enhancer-binding protein-β-binding site had transcriptional activity and contributed to basal and cAMP-induced Cyp11a1 expression. These results suggest that changes in histone modification and chromatin structure in the Cyp11a1 proximal promoter are involved in the rapid increase of Cyp11a1 gene expression in GCs undergoing luteinization during ovulation.
A Murine 5-Fluorouracil-Based Submyeloablation Model for the Study of Bone Marrow-Derived Cell Trafficking in Reproduction
Authors: Tal Reshef , Liu Ying , Pluchino Nicola , Shaikh Shafiq , Mamillapalli Ramanaiah , Taylor Hugh S.
Published: July 2016

Bone marrow (BM)-derived cells (BMDCs) contribute to endometrial regeneration. Our objective was to develop a nongonadotoxic mouse BM transplant (BMT) model using 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) for investigating BMDCs trafficking in reproduction. Female C57BL/6J mice received either single (CTX-1) or paired (CTX-2) 5-FU (150 mg/kg) dose, or single (CTX-1+SCF) or paired-dose (CTX-3+SCF) 5-FU with stem cell factor (SCF). Control mice received BMT only or saline. BM cells (20 × 106) from transgenic green-fluorescent protein (GFP) mice were injected iv. For fertility experiment, mice were mated on day 28 after BMT. Alternatively, mice were killed 1 month after BMT and BMDCs recruitment to the uterus was determined. Mice receiving 5-FU ± SCF showed intact ovarian function and fertility. CTX-3+SCF resulted in greatest BM donor chimerism at 1 month (∼45%). Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that 6.6% of total uterine cells in CTX-3+SCF mice were GFP+ BMDCs. Remarkably, this was about 40- and 80-fold greater than BMDCs in uterus of CTX-1 or BMT only mice (6.6% vs 0.16% vs 0.08%, respectively, P < .001). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that BMDCs in the uterus were mostly localized to the endometrial stroma (71.8%). The majority of endometrial BMDCs colocalized with the pan-leuokocyte CD45 marker (58.5%), but 41.5% were CD45-negative. Cytokeratin and CD31 staining showed that the GFP+CD45− cells were not epithelial or endothelial, confirming their stromal identity. We demonstrate that paired-dose 5-FU regimen results in efficient BM donor chimerism while maintaining ovarian function and fertility. This model could be used for studying BMDCs trafficking to the uterus in various reproductive physiological and pathological conditions.
Computational Design of a Fluorene-Based Ethylenoid Bridged by Trimethylene Chain
Authors: Amatatsu Yoshiaki
Published: July 2016

A fluorene-based ethylenoid bridged by trimethylene chain (denoted by M3-PCPF) has been computationally designed as a candidate for a light-driven molecular rotary motor by ab initio complete active space self-consistent-field and its second-order perturbation calculations. In the conical intersection region where the ethylenic rotary axis is highly twisted, three stable confirmers on S1 are connected with each other through individual transition states. M3-PCPF around each stable conformation on S1 is directly accessible to the four conical intersections (CIXs) which are distinguished by the wagging and rocking angles of the fluorene part against the ethylenic rotary axis. The S0 surface around each CIX is separated into two regions with respect to the ethylenic bond torsion. One leads to the reactant of P-helical isomer without conformational interchange of the trimethylene chain, whereas the other leads to the product of another P′-helical isomer. Electronically excited P-helical isomers with ethylenic ππ* character are correlated with the stable S1 geometry in the CIX region without conformational interchange of the trimethylene chain. In consequence, all the three conformers of M3-PCPF exhibit unidirectional rotation through the direct P–P′ and P′–P photochemical conversions.
Determination of Association and Dissociation Rate Constants in an Inclusion Complex System between Thymol and Sulfated-β-cyclodextrin by Moment Analysis - Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis
Authors: Miyabe Kanji , Suzuki Nozomu , Shimazaki Youki
Published: July 2016

The combination of moment analysis (MA) theory with affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE) leads to a new method (MA-ACE) for the kinetic study of intermolecular interaction. The reaction rate constants, i.e., association (ka) and dissociation (kd) rate constants, can be analytically determined by the MA theory from the first absolute and second central moments of the elution peaks measured by ACE. In order to verify the validity of the MA-ACE method, the values of ka and kd were analytically determined for the formation and dissociation of the inclusion complex between thymol and sulfated-β-cyclodextrin. The resulting values of ka and kd were comparable with those in our previous study, which were determined by chromatographic capillary electrophoresis with the MA theory. It was demonstrated that the MA-ACE method was effective for the kinetic study of intermolecular interactions. The rate constants can be analytically determined with no immobilization and no chemical modification, i.e., fluorescence labelling, of solute and ligand molecules.
Capturing Real-Time Data in Disaster Response Logistics
Authors: Yagci Sokat Kezban , Zhou Rui , Dolinskaya Irina S. , Smilowitz Karen , Chan Jennifer
Published: July 2016

The volume, accuracy, accessibility and level of detail of near real-time data emerging from disaster-affected regions continue to significantly improve. Integration of dynamically evolving in-field data is an important, yet often overlooked, component of the humanitarian logistics models. In this paper, we present a framework for real-time humanitarian logistics data focused on use in mathematical modeling along with modeling implications of this framework. We also discuss how one might measure the attributes of the framework and describe the application of the presented framework to a case study of near real-time data collection in the days following the landfall of Typhoon Haiyan. We detail our first-hand experience of capturing data as the post-disaster response unfolds starting on November 10, 2013 until March 31, 2014 and assess the characteristics and evolution of data pertaining to humanitarian logistics modeling using the proposed framework. The presented logistical content analysis examines the availability of data and informs modelers about the current state of near real-time data. This analysis illustrates what data is available, how early it is available, and how data changes after the disaster. The study describes how our humanitarian logistics team approached the emergence of dynamic online data after the disaster and the challenges faced during the collection process, as well as recommendations to address these challenges in the future (when possible) from an academic humanitarian logistics perspective.
cy3sabiork: A Cytoscape app for visualizing kinetic data from SABIO-RK
Authors: König Matthias
Published: July 2016

Kinetic data of biochemical reactions are essential for the creation of kinetic models of biochemical networks. One of the main resources of such information is SABIO-RK, a curated database for kinetic data of biochemical reactions and their related information. Despite the importance for computational modelling there has been no simple solution to visualize the kinetic data from SABIO-RK.

In this work, I present cy3sabiork, an app for querying and visualization of kinetic data from SABIO-RK in Cytoscape. The kinetic information is accessible via a combination of graph structure and annotations of nodes, with provided information consisting of: (I) reaction details, enzyme and organism; (II) kinetic law, formula, parameters; (III) experimental conditions; (IV) publication; (V) additional annotations. cy3sabiork creates an intuitive visualization of kinetic entries in form of a species-reaction-kinetics graph, which reflects the reaction-centered approach of  SABIO-RK. Kinetic entries can be imported in SBML format from either the SABIO-RK web interface or via web service queries. The app allows for easy comparison of kinetic data, visual inspection of the elements involved in the kinetic record and simple access to the annotation information of the kinetic record.

I applied cy3sabiork in the computational modelling of galactose metabolism in the human liver.
A Formal Theory of Strategy
Authors: Steen Eric Van den
Published: July 2016

What makes a decision strategic? When is strategy most important? This paper formally studies these questions, starting from a (functional) definition of strategy as the smallest set of choices to optimally guide (or force) other choices. The paper shows that this definition coincides with the equilibrium outcome of a “strategy formulation game,” in which such strategy endogenously creates a hierarchy among decisions. With respect to what makes a decision strategic and what makes strategy valuable, the paper considers the effect of commitment, reliability, and irreversibility of a decision; the presence of uncertainty (and the type of uncertainty); the number and strength of its interactions and the centrality of a decision; its level and importance; the development of capabilities; and competition.

This paper was accepted by Bruno Cassiman, business strategy.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE A FORMAÇÃO E A PRÁTICA DOCENTE DO PROFESSOR-ENGENHEIRO
Authors: Da Silva Moisés Gregório , Faria Denilda Caetano de , Almeida Maria Zeneide Carneiro Magalhães
Published: July 2016

Este artigo busca fazer reflexões e discussões baseadas em experiências e vivências dos autores sobre a formação de docentes bacharéis que atuam na Educação Profissional, Ensino Superior e no Ensino de Pós-Graduação. A discussão se dá mais especificamente para o Docente Engenheiro. Qual o perfil do Professor-Engenheiro? Como este profissional aprende a prática docente, uma vez que não é licenciado? Será que o foco é na transmissão de conteúdos ou na construção do conhecimento? Considerando o contexto histórico e social, quais os desafios a serem enfrentados? Estas questões ganham destaque e levam a reflexões, mostrando a importância e a necessidade da formação pedagógica para os professores engenheiros. Visando a uma compreensão mais aprofundada do problema, esta pesquisa fundamenta-se com o aporte teórico de pensamentos e conceitos do sociólogo Pierre Bourdieu, além de autores como Maurice Tardif, Maria Isabel Cunha e István Mészáros.
A INSERÇÃO DA MULHER NO MERCADO DE TRABALHO E O SEU PREDOMÍNIO NO MAGISTÉRIO
Authors: Benassi Cassiane Beatris Pasuck , Ubinski Juliana Alves da Silva , Malacarne Vilmar
Published: July 2016

A mulher exerce um papel importante na sociedade, seja como mãe, esposa, profissional e cidadã. A partir da sua inserção no mercado de trabalho, algumas mudanças na sociedade começam a ser percebidas, entre as quais se destacam o controle da natalidade e o aumento do acesso à escolarização. Embora o acesso ao mercado de trabalho tenha ocorrido em diferentes áreas, a presente pesquisa pretende enfocar a inserção da mulher na carreira docente, além de refletir sobre sua preponderância em alguns níveis de ensino. Esta pesquisa, realizada em escolas municipais e estaduais da cidade de Cascavel-PR, constatou o predominío de docentes do gênero feminino na Educação Infantil e nas séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, além de compor a maior parte do quadro de professores das séries finais do Ensino Fundamental e do Ensino Médio. Observou-se também que algumas iniciativas de incentivo docente são tomadas pelos setores envolvidos diretamente com a educação, mas poucas surtem efeitos, quer por razões políticas ou administrativas, desvalorizando cada vez mais a profissão e, por consequência, o papel da mulher na sociedade.
VIVER JUNTOS EM NOSSA TERRA: DESAFIOS CONTEMPORÂNEOS DA EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Sauvé Lucie
Published: July 2016

O artigo apresenta um ensaio sobre o desafio ético e político da educação ambiental em relação ao nosso mundo fragmentado, em busca de sentido e pertencimento.  As seguintes perguntas orientan a discussão : Como a educação ambiental pode contribuir na construção de nossas identidades pessoais e coletivas, e melhorar assim nossa relação com o mundo? Como ela pode favorecer o compromisso com a resolução de problemas sócio-ecológicos e a inovação ecosocial para a transformação de nossas sociedades? Nesse sentido, como ela pode inspirar a ação ecocidadã, baseada na democracia participativa, na justiça e equidade ambientais? Finalmente, como pode estimular a vigilância e a crítica social com vistas a influenciar as políticas públicas relacionadas com os assuntos sócio ecológicos, incluindo as políticas no campo da educação?
A Literatura nos Documentos Oficiais
Authors: Nunes Ginete Cavalcante
Published: July 2016

Este artigo objetiva apresentar algumas considerações a respeito de como têm sido efetivadas as aulas de literatura no Ensino Médio. Percebemos assim, a presença de uma crise no ensino da literatura no ensino médio, algo bastante visível no âmbito escolar e que pode ser interpretada de várias maneiras. Outro foco importante para esse trabalho foi levantar as representações da literatura como patrimônio cultural da humanidade. Por conseguinte alguns questionamentos são feitos: Como vem sendo ministrado o ensino da literatura no ensino médio? Qual visão sobre as funções da literatura norteiam o trabalho do professor no ensino médio? O que os denominados orientadores curriculares podem trazer de contribuição para o ensino da literatura no ensino médio? Por que o ensino de literatura vem sofrendo uma crise nos dias atuais? Para discorrer sobre o tema, utilizou-se como base teórica, os trabalhos de Cosson (2006 e 2014) e Paulino (2007), quanto ao tratamento do letramento literário; para as reflexões a respeito do ensino de literatura,optou-se por  Lajolo (1982 e 2000), Todorov (2009) e Zilberman (1988 e 2003), entre outros. Sendo assim, este estudo também busca refletir sobre a importância do ensino da literatura no Ensino Médio para despertar e instigar o aluno a ler com prazer os textos literários. Os resultados evidenciam a importância do trabalho do professor como um agente de promoção da leitura literária. Desta forma, este estudo também se justifica pela tentativa de contribuir com os debates a respeito do uso de textos literários e dos livros didáticos de Português no ensino de literatura, promovendo o letramento literário no Ensino Médio.
Avaliação de Desempenho como Ferramenta de Gestão: A Sistemática de Avaliação da CODEVASF
Authors: Valido Leosmar Bispo , Valido Priscila Domingos da Silva , Quevedo Andressa Pacifico Franco
Published: July 2016

Aborda a avaliação de desempenho como ferramenta de gestão. Descrever as áreas de atuação, a finalidade, os programas e ações da Companhia de Desenvolvimento dos Vales do São Francisco e do Parnaíba (CODEVASF), empresa pública federal responsável pelo desenvolvimento e revitalização das bacias dos rios São Francisco, Parnaíba, Itapecuru e Mearim. Elenca os principais critérios das progressões por elevação de Escolaridade, Mérito e Antiguidade estabelecidos pela Sistemática Anual de Progressão Salarial (SAPS) da CODEVASF. Conclui que a SAPS da CODEVASF não se destaca como uma ferramenta de gestão.