bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Speech to text conversion and summarization for effective understanding and documentation
Authors: A Vinnarasu , Jose Deepa V
Published: June 2020

Speech, is the most powerful way of communication with which human beings express their thoughts and feelings through different languages. The features of speech differs with each language. However, even while communicating in the same language, the pace and the dialect varies with each person. This creates difficulty in understanding the conveyed message for some people. Sometimes lengthy speeches are also quite difficult to follow due to reasons such as different pronunciation, pace and so on.   Speech recognition which is an inter disciplinary field of computational linguistics aids in developing technologies that empowers the recognition and translation of speech into text. Text summarization extracts the utmost important information from a source which is a text and provides the adequate summary of the same. The research work presented in this paper describes an easy and effective method for speech recognition. The speech is converted to the corresponding text and produces summarized text. This has various applications like lecture notes creation, summarizing catalogues for lengthy documents and so on. Extensive experimentation is performed to validate the efficiency of the proposed method
BER analysis of amplify-and-forward relaying FSO systems using APD receiver over strong atmospheric turbulence channels
Authors: Ai Duong Huu , Nguyen Van Loi
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we theoretically analyze the performance of amplify-and-forward (AF) serial relaying free-space optical (FSO) systems using avalanche photodiodes (APD) and subcarrier quadrature amplitude modulation (SC-QAM) over strong atmospheric turbulence channels modelled by gamma-gamma distribution. Closed-form expression for average bit error rate (BER) of system is theoretically derived talking into account APD shot noise, thermal noise as well as the impact of atmospheric loss and turbulence. The numerical results show that using AF relay stations can extend the transmission distance and help to improve performance of FSO system significantly when compared with the direct transmission. Moreover, the selection of APD gain value is indispensable to the system performance. The proposed system could be achieved the best performance by selecting an optimal APD gain value. In addition, the optimal value of APD gain also significantly depends on various conditions, such as link distance, the number of relay stations and APD receiver noise.
Maximizing signal to leakage ratios in MIMO BCH cooperative beamforming scheme
Authors: Fadhil Mohammed , Abdullah Nor Fadzilah , Ismail Mahamod , Nordin Rosdiadee , Ciftlikli Cebrail , Al-Obaidi Musaab
Published: June 2020

Beamforming (BF) technique in cooperative multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna arrays improves signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the intended user. The challenge is to design transmit beamforming vectors for every user while limiting the co-channel interference (CCI) from other users. In this paper, we proposed cooperative beamforming based on Signal-to-Leakage Ratio (SLR) to exploit the leakage power as a useful power in the second time slot after user cooperation, for this purpose successive interference cancellation (SIC) is employed in each user to separate the leakage signal from the desired signal. Without increasing the complexity, Maximizing Signal-to-Leakage Ratio (SLR) subject to proposed power constraint instead of a unity norm is the way to achieve extra leakage power. To reduce the erroneous, Bose–Chaudhuri–Hocquenghem (BCH) codes employed in Beamforming of (SIC) cooperative scheme BF(CS-SIC-BCH). Maximum-likelihood (ML) estimator method is used at each user receiver. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed scheme BF (CS-SIC-BCH) over Rayleigh and Rician fading channel is significantly better than the performance beamforming based on SLR in Non-cooperative system. More specifically to achieve a BER of about the required SNR for the proposed scheme is about 1 dB less than the Non-cooperative system.
A data mining approach for desire and intention to participate in virtual communities
Authors: Yavuz Özerk , Karahoca Adem , Karahoca Dilek
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate performances of some of the data mining approaches while understanding desire and intention to participate in virtual communities and its antecedents. A research model has been developed following the literature review and the model was tested afterwards. In research part of the study, some of the data mining approaches as JRip, Part, OneR Method, Multilayer Perceptron (Neural Networks), Bayesian Networks have been used. Based on the analysis conducted it has been found out that Multilayer Neural Network had the best correct classification rate and lowest RMSE.
Computational Sinc-scheme for extracting analytical solution for the model Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation
Authors: Al-Khaled Kamel , Abu-Irwaq Issam
Published: June 2020

The present article is designed to supply two different numerical
solutions for solving  Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation. We have made
an attempt to develop a numerical solution via the use of
Sinc-Galerkin method for  Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation, Sinc
approximations to both derivatives and indefinite integrals reduce
the solution to an explicit system of algebraic equations. The fixed
point theory is used to prove the convergence of the proposed
methods. For comparison purposes, a combination of a Crank-Nicolson
formula in the time direction, with the Sinc-collocation in the
space direction is presented, where the derivatives in the space
variable are replaced by the necessary matrices to produce a system
of algebraic equations. In addition, we present numerical examples
and comparisons to support the validity of these proposed
methods.
Enhanced encryption technique for secure iot data transmission
Authors: Bhandari Rupesh , V B Kirubanand
Published: June 2020

Internet of things is the latest booming innovation in the current period, which lets the physical entity to process and intervene with the virtual entities. As all the entities are connected with each other, it generates load of data, which lacks proper security and privacy standards. Cryptography is one of the domains of Network Security, which is one such mechanism that helps the data transmission process to be secure enough over the wireless or wired channel and along with that, it provides authenticity, confidentiality, integrity of data and prevents repudiation. In this paper, we have proposed an alternate enhanced cryptographic solution combing the characteristic of symmetric, asymmetric encryption algorithms and Public Key Server. Here, the key pairs of end points (User’s Device and IoT device) are generated using Elliptic Curve Cryptography and the respective public keys are registered in Public Key Server along with their unique MAC address. Thereafter, both the ends will agree on one common private secret key, which will be the base for further cryptographic process using AES algorithm. This model can be called as multi-phase protection mechanism. It will make the process of data transmission secure enough that no intermediate can tamper the data.
System integration of a fluoroscopic image calibration using robot assisted surgical guidance for distal locking process in closed intramedullary nailing of femur
Authors: Nakdhamabhorn Sakol , Suthakorn Jackrit
Published: June 2020

Distal locking procedure is one of the most complex tasks in close intramedullary nailing operation which requires fluoroscopic image to interpret 2-D distal locking position on image related to 3-D distal locking position on the patient site. Hence the surgeon has to perform the distal locking process by using multiple fluoroscopic images which causes a lot of x-ray exposure to the patient and surgeon and is a time consuming task. This paper presents the system integration of a fluoroscopic image calibration using robot assisted surgical guidance. The system integration consists of three parts; distal locking recovery, fluoroscopic calibration and tracking, and robot assisted surgical guidance. The distal locking-hole recovery algorithm is based on characteristic information of the major and minor axes of distal locking hole. The fluoroscopic calibration and tracking is modeled as pin-hole projection model to estimate a projection equation based on optical tracking system. The robot-assisted surgical guidance is developed to overlay a trajectory path using a laser beam for reducing the problem of hand – eye coordination on most surgical navigation system. We integrate each part to complete a surgical navigation system for distal locking process. The experiment of system integration is conducted to validate the accuracy of distal locking axis position and orientation. The results of the system integration shows a mean angular error of 1.10 and mean Euclidean distance in X-Y plane error of 3.65 mm.
An algorithm for IoT based vehicle verification system using RFID
Authors: Samuel Alen Joseph , Sebastian Shoney
Published: June 2020

The verification of vehicle documents is an important role of transport department which is rising day by day due to the mass registration of the vehicles. An automated vehicle verification system can improve the efficiency of this process.  In this paper, we propose an IOT based vehicle verification system using RFID technology. As a result, the vehicle checking which is done now manually can be replaced by automation. There is a loss of a significant amount of time when the normal vehicle checking is done manually. The proposed system will make this process automated. The present verification process is using inductive loops that are placed in a roadbed for detecting vehicles as they pass through the loop of the magnetic field. Similarly, the sensing devices spread along the road can detect passing vehicles through the Bluetooth mechanism. The fixed audio detection devices that can be used to identify the type of vehicles on the road. Other measurements are fixed cameras installed in specific points of roads for categorising the vehicles. But all these mechanisms cannot verify the documents and certificates of the vehicles. In our work, we have suggested an algorithm using RFID technology to automate the documentation verification process of the vehicles like Pollution, Insurance, Rc book etc with the help of RFID reader placed at road checking areas. This documents will be updated by the motor vehicle department at specific periods.
The best quintic Chebyshev approximation of circular arcs of order ten
Authors: Rababah Abedallah M.
Published: June 2020

Mathematically, circles are represented by trigonometric parametric equations and implicit equations. Both forms are not proper for computer applications and CAD systems. In this paper, a quintic polynomial approximation for a circular arc is presented. This approximation is set so that the error function is  of degree $10$ rather than $6$; the Chebyshev error function equioscillates $11$ times rather than $7$; the approximation order is $10$ rather than $6$. The method approximates more than the full circle with Chebyshev   uniform error  of  $1/2^{9}$. The examples show the competence and simplicity of the proposed approximation, and that it can not be improved.
Framework to predict NPA/Willful defaults in corporate loans: a big data approach
Authors: Attigeri Girija , Pai M M Manohara , Pai Radhika M
Published: June 2020

Growth and development of the economy is dependent on the banking system. Bad loans which are Non-Performing Assets (NPA) are the measure for assessing the financial health of the bank. It is very important to control NPA as it affects the profitability, and deteriorates the quality of assets of the bank. It is observed that there is a significant rise in the number of willful defaulters. Hence systematic identification, awareness and assessment of parameters is essential for early prediction of willful default behavior. The main objective of the paper is to identify exhaustive list of parameters essential for predicting whether the loan will become NPA and thereby willful default. This process includes understanding of existing system to check NPAs and identifying the critical parameters. Also propose a framework for NPA/Willful default identification. The framework classifies the data comprising of structured and unstructured parameters as NPA/Willful default or not. In order to select the best classification model in the framework an experimentation is conducted on loan dataset on big data platform. Since the loan data is structured, unstructured component is incorporated by generating synthetic data. The results indicate that neural network model gives best accuracy and hence considered in the framework.
Identification of individualization techniques for criminal records in sanction lists
Authors: Arias Gonzalo M , Peláez Pablo , Hoyos Fredy E
Published: June 2020

Using efficient searching techniques on sanctions list and press articles allows a better filtering on individuals and entities to establish a commercial relationship with, including those who are going to have access to confidential information belonging to the company, in order to minimize the risk of leakage or information mismanagement. That process of filtering on individuals or entities could be automated by using individualization algorithms, searching techniques based on string comparisons, artificial intelligence, and facial recognition. Diverse methods were examined to be applied on each mentioned technique in order to identify which ones are ideal to its application on individualization due to their characteristics, in order to obtain agile and reliable results; taking into account that different methods are complementary and not exclusive, and that their combination allows to minimize human interaction in the classification of information, avoiding analysis of data irrelevant for that particular search.
Enhancing code clone detection using control flow graphs
Authors: Kim Dong Kwan
Published: June 2020

Code clones are syntactically or semantically equivalent code fragments of source code. Copy-and-paste programming allows software developers to improve development productivity, but it could produce code clones that can introduce non-trivial difficulties in software maintenance. In this paper, a code clone detection framework is presented with a feature extractor and a clone classifier using deep learning. The clone classifier is trained with true and false clones and then is tested with a test dataset to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach to clone detection. In particular, the proposed approach to clone detection uses Control Flow Graphs (CFGs) to extract features of a given code snippet. The selected features are used to compute similarity scores for comparing two code fragments. The clone classifier is trained and tested with similarity scores that quantify the degree of how similar two code fragments are. The experimental results demonstrate that using CFG features is a viable methodology in terms of the effectiveness of clone detection for both syntactic and semantic clones.
Recommender system for surplus stock clearance
Authors: Agarwal Vipul , A Vijayalakshmi
Published: June 2020

Accumulation of the stock had been a major concern for retail shop owners. Surplus stock could be minimized if the system could continuously monitor the accumulated stock and recommend the stock which requires clearance. Recommender Systems computes the data, shadowing the manual work and give efficient recommendations to overcome stock accumulation, creating space for new stock for sale to enhance the profit in business. An intelligent recommender system was built that could work with the data and help the shop owners to overcome the issue of surplus stock in a remarkable way. An item-item collaborative filtering technique with Pearson similarity metric was used to draw the similarity between the items and accordingly give recommendations. The results obtained on the dataset highlighted the top-N items using the Pearson similarity and the Cosine similarity. The items having the highest rank had the highest accumulation and required attention to be cleared. The comparison is drawn for the precision and recall obtained by the similarity metrics used. The evaluation of the existing work was done using precision and recall, where the precision obtained was remarkable, while the recall has the scope of increment but in turn, it would reduce the value of precision. Thus, there lies a scope of reducing the stock accumulation with the help of a recommender system and overcome losses to maximize profit
Framework for cost-effective analytical modelling for sensory data over cloud environment
Authors: BC Manujakshi , Ramesh K B
Published: June 2020

In order to offer sensory data as a service over the cloud, it is necessary to execute a cost-effective and yet precise data analytical logic within the sensing units. However, it is quite questionable as such forms of analytical operation are quite resource dependent which cannot be offered by the resource constraint sensory units. Therefore, the proposed paper introduces a novel approach of performing cost-effective data analytical method in order to extract knowledge from big data over the cloud. The proposed study uses a novel concept of the frequent pattern along with a tree-based approach in order to develop an analytical model for carrying out the mining operation in the large-scale sensor deployment over the cloud environment. Using a simulation-based approach over the mathematical model, the proposed model exhibit reduced mining duration, controlled energy dissipation, and highly optimized memory demands for all the resource constraint nodes.
A cost-effective 2-tier security paradigm to safeguard cloud data with faster authentication
Authors: R.S Veena , Pujeri Ramachandra V. , M Indiramma
Published: June 2020

The recent technological advancement has taken cloud computing (CC) infrastructure to a significant level where the increasing level of research interest laid upon cost-effective storage management.  Owing to the potential distributed and pervasive storage facility, it lacks efficiency towards fully preserving the integrity of user data attributes. Thereby, the collaborative sharing of user data leads to a situation which opens up various forms of security loop-holes. In the past various forms of security protocols are witnessed which have attempted to solve this similar issue with cryptographic solutions but at the same time lacks sustainability and robustness from a computational perspective. Thereby, the study introduces a 2-tier framework which offers higher-degree of access control along with Virtual Machine (VM) storage security. The study basically optimizes the performance of the model by speeding up the authentication process. The performance validation of the system has been done with respect to conventional encryption standards. The outcome obtained demonstrate that the proposed solution outperforms the existing security standards in terms of processing time, time to generate a secret key and key size for encryption.
Reviewing effectivity in security approaches towards strengthening internet architecture
Authors: M. S. Vidya , C. Patil Mala
Published: June 2020

The usage of existing Internet architecture is shrouded by various security loopholes and hence is highly ineffective towards resisting potential threats over internet. Hence, it is claimed that future internet architecture has been evolved as a solution to address this security gaps of existing internet architecture. Therefore, this paper initiates its discussion by reviewing the existing practices of web security in conventional internet architecture and has also discussed about some recent solutions towards mitigating potentially reported threats e.g. cross-site scripting, SQL inject, and distributed denial-of-service. The paper has also discussed some of the recent research contribution towards security solution considering future internet architecture. The proposed manuscripts contributes to showcase the true effectiveness of existing approaches with respect to advantages and limitation of existing approaches along with explicit highlights of existing research problems that requires immediate attention.
Student risk identification learning model using machine learning approach
Authors: K. H. Susheelamma , Ravikumar K. M.
Published: June 2020

Several challenges are associated with online based learning systems, the most important of which is the lack of student motivation in various course materials and for various course activities. Further, it is important to identify student who are at risk of failing to complete the course on time. The existing models applied machine learning approach for solving it. However, these models are not efficient as they are trained using legacy data and also failed to address imbalanced data issues for both training and testing the classification approach. Further, they are not efficient for classifying new courses. For overcoming these research challenges, this work presented a novel design by training the learning model for identifying risk using current courses. Further, we present an XGBoost classification algorithm that can classify risk for new courses. Experiments are conducted to evaluate performance of proposed model. The outcome shows the proposed model attain significant performance over stat-of-art model in terms of ROC, F-measure, Precision and Recall.
Relationship Between Time‐Dependent Proteinuria and Risk of Stroke in Population With Different Glucose Tolerance Status
Authors: Wang Anxin , Zhang Jia , Li Jingjing , Li Haibin , Zuo Yingting , Lv Wei , Chen Shuohua , Li Junjuan , Meng Xia , Wu Shouling , Zhao Xingquan , Wang Yongjun
Published: June 2020

Background

Proteinuria often changes and is known as a “time‐dependent exposure.” The effect of time‐dependent proteinuria on the risk of future stroke remains unclear. Proteinuria is often detected in patients with diabetes mellitus. The present study was designed to evaluate the association between time‐dependent proteinuria and the risk of stroke in a patient cohort with different glucose tolerance status.

Methods and Results

A total of 82 938 participants, who were free of myocardial infarction or stroke and underwent fasting blood glucose and urinary protein measurements at baseline in the Kailuan study, were enrolled. Proteinuria was determined using urine dipstick tests at baseline and subsequent follow‐ups. Time‐dependent proteinuria was defined as the status of urine protein updated through the follow‐up examinations, separately. Time‐dependent Cox regression models were used to analyze the relationship between time‐dependent proteinuria and the risk of stroke. During a median follow‐up of 8.37 years, 2538 participants developed stroke. After adjusting for confounding factors, the hazard ratio (95% CI) for stroke in time‐dependent proteinuria among all participants, and the normoglycemia, prediabetes, and diabetes mellitus populations were 1.68 (1.49–1.89), 1.73 (1.47–2.05), 2.15 (1.70–2.72), and 1.30 (1.03–1.65), respectively. There were interaction effects in patients with normoglycemia and prediabetes compared with those with diabetes mellitus. Findings were similar for ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes and were confirmed in sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions

Time‐dependent proteinuria is an independent risk factor of stroke, especially in the normoglycemia and prediabetes populations.
Reflections on the Scholarly Imaginations of Good and Evil in the Book of Esther
Authors: Lee Lydia
Published: June 2020

The present article seeks to describe, analyze, and evaluate the modern scholarly attempts to grapple with the moral issues about good and evil in the Hebrew Esther story. The first part of the article examines the anti-Semitic sentiments looming behind the pre-World War II European, especially the Protestant, commentators’ ethics assessments of the book of Esther and its Jewish characters, before pointing out a blind spot in these assessments. The second part of the article offers a systematic analysis of the gradual change of attitude induced mainly by the Jewish scholars in the aftermath of the Second World War. Lastly, the paper turns the spotlight on the Esther studies conducted by recent feminist and other marginalized biblical scholars. Attempts are made to demonstrate how their works, coming from different social contexts, enrich the academic discussions about good and evil in the book of Esther.
A Tale of Two Purims: Food-Identity Ideology and Purim Reception from the Late Persian to the Byzantine Christian Era
Authors: Miles Johnny
Published: June 2020

Royal banquets in the ancient world typically reinforced a particular food-identity ideology. mt Esther reveals an identity of excessiveness and self-indulgence to Persian banquets that easily lent to Grecian stereotypes of Persians also appropriated by Hellenistic Jewish writers. By contrast, Mordecai emended Jewish Purim with a food-identity ideology of moderation and compassion for its inscribed memory. This article traces the reception history of Purim from the late Persian to the Christian Roman and Byzantine eras to reveal in effect two Purims. Throughout these eras, the incorporated memory of Purim with its incidences of drunkenness and gluttony punctuated by occasional outbursts of violence principally, if not wholly, neglected Purim’s inscribed memory, despite efforts at emendation, inauguration of different festivals among Alexandrian Jews, and rabbinic dicta of “food gifts to the poor” as an act of tzedakah.
Sympathy for a Gentile King: Nebuchadnezzar, Exile, and Mortality in the Book of Daniel
Authors: Waller Daniel James
Published: June 2020

Nebuchadnezzar II sacked Jerusalem and destroyed its temple. Yet he emerges in Daniel 1-4 as a compelling and sometimes sympathetic hero-villain. Drawing upon the concept of the story-collection, this article considers the implications of this genre for character formation, examines the further thematic means by which Nebuchadnezzar’s sympathetic characterization is generated in the book of Daniel, and explains his character in terms that make his often contradictory nature understandable across the text of the book. This article argues that Nebuchadnezzar’s dreams reflect deep-seated anxieties about his own mortality and relates these anxieties about death and time to Daniel’s broader themes of time, mortality, and exile. It suggests an analogy between the death of the self and the death of one’s state, and suggests that Nebuchadnezzar’s portrayal in Daniel has a role to play in our understanding of Daniel as a reflection upon life in exile.
Alborz Heritage: geographic distribution and genetic differentiation of the Iranian Paradactylodon (Amphibia: Hynobiidae)
Authors: Ahmadzadeh Faraham , Shahrokhi Golya , Saberi-Pirooz Reihaneh , Oladi Mahshid , Taati Mehrnaz , Poyarkov Nikolay A. , Rödder Dennis
Published: June 2020

Paradactylodon, a genus of Hynobiidae, is distributed in mountainous regions of the Middle East. This genus comprises three species, Paradactylodon mustersi (Afghanistan), Paradactylodon persicus, and Paradactylodon gorganensis (Iran). Initially, P. persicus was reported from Talysh Mountains, and afterward, P. gorganensis was described from the eastern Alborz Mountains. Although these two Iranian Paradactylodon species were distinguished based on morphological features, there are arguments about their systematic status. In this contribution, 30 samples of hynobiid salamanders were collected from Talysh and Alborz Mountains and the phylogenetic relationship between the two species was assessed using two mtDNA markers (COI and 16S). Additionally, in order to survey the potential habitat suitability for the species, Species Distribution Models (SDMs) were performed and projected on climate scenarios that reflect current and past (6 ky and 21 ky before present) conditions. Our results indicated that P. gorganensis is nested within P. persicus. Overall, both SDM and molecular analyses suggest that the Iranian Paradactylodon population was affected by the Quaternary glacial period, and according to haplotype networks, haplotype diversity was higher in the western part of the distribution range of the species. Given the low genetic distance among all samples, we suggest P. gorganensis be synonymized with P. persicus. Considering the conservational values and numerous threats that this endemic species is facing, we encourage a revision of the IUCN Red List category of the species immediately.
Patterns of diet composition of a whiptail lizard species conforms to the Shared Preferences Model of interindividual variation in prey consumption
Authors: Zanchi-Silva Djan , Galdino Conrado , Borges-Nojosa Diva
Published: June 2020

We analysed the interindividual variation in diet, patterns of food resource use and topology of the trophic networks of juvenile, male, and female Ameivula ocellifera (Spix, 1825) during one year, covering wet and dry seasons. Using a network-based approach, we evaluated the degree of variation in the diet of individuals, and the degree of nestedness and clustering to identify patterns of resource use and the topology of individuals food webs. We found a high degree of interindividual variation in the diet of juveniles, males, and females during the study period, which seems to be related to nested patterns of resource use of males and females. These results also suggest that males and females seem to have both generalist and specialist individuals, of which the diets of specialists are nested within the diets of generalists. For juveniles, we found evidence of interindividual variation in diet in both seasons, although patterns of food resource partition that may cause it could not be identified. Insect larvae of several groups were the main food resource in all three lizard groups during the wet season, while termites were the dominant food item during the dry season. Our results conform to the Shared Preferences Model where individuals should consume the same top-ranked prey when they are abundant in the environment, replacing it with suboptimal items as preferred ones become scarce.
Protecting Difference: Protectionist Strategies and the Parting of the Ways
Authors: Tong M Adryael
Published: June 2020

This article takes an interdisciplinary look at protectionist doxa at the intersection of two distinct fields: early Christian studies and rabbinics. I argue that both fields maintain a protectionist doxa of difference; that is, a doxa that early Christianity and rabbinic Judaism are fundamentally different from each other. This difference, which supports the constitution of each field as separate from the other, nevertheless has a secondary effect of shaping our approach to our objects of study—early Christianity and rabbinic Judaism. Specifically, this doxa of difference occludes the ways in which early Christianity and rabbinic Judaism can be similar. I focus specifically on the current “polysemy” debate within rabbinics and show how this doxa has functioned to obstruct comparative approaches across disciplines rather than facilitate them.
The Role of Canon in the Study of Hinduism and Some Notes About Bourdieu: A Response to Stephen L. Young
Authors: Llewellyn J. E.
Published: June 2020

This response to Stephen Young’s article begins with his use of the term doxa, drawn from Pierre Bourdieu. For Bourdieu doxa are the unspoken assumptions that undergird social hierarchy, assumptions that are only exposed during times of historical change. It is unclear if Young intends that the exposure of what he calls New Testament studies’ “protectionism” is a sign that the field has undergone such a change. The second part of the response is about the applicability of this kind of analysis to the study of Hinduism in North America, concluding that protectionism concerning the interpretation of the scriptural canon does not seem to be operative there. However, there is a more or less similar controversy about the study of Hinduism by outsiders.
A Critical Examination of Pascal Boyer’s Religion Explained The Evolutionary Origins of Religious Thought
Authors: Dubuisson Daniel
Published: June 2020

Behind its theoretical and scientific ambition, Pascal Boyer’s work mobilizes several ideas and notions (starting with that of “religion”) that belong to the old Western cultural tradition. It is precisely this ideological substratum and its indispensable cognitive “crutches” that this article seeks to identify.
Meno’s Paradox and First Principles in Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī
Authors: Jacobsen Ben Hammed Nora
Published: June 2020

This article examines Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī’s (d. 606/1210) epistemology and his understanding of syllogistic reasoning through a consideration of Meno’s paradox. It focuses on later works, namely,al-Maṭālib al-ʿāliya,Kitāb al-Jabr, andal-Tafsīr al-kabīras well as his treatment of the subject inal-Mulakhkhaṣ fī l-ḥikma. Informed by the theories of epistemology developed through the philosophical tradition of Meno’s paradox and first principles, Rāzī views all knowledge formed through syllogistic reasoning as dependent on axiomatic truths (al-badīhiyyāt), a concept with roots in both the philosophical and theological traditions. These first principles are formed immediately upon the presence of the requisite concepts in the mind, and thus comprise Rāzī’s implicit response to the paradox in that all subsequent knowledge does indeed require previous fundamental knowledge that is not sought nor acquired voluntarily. Finally, the article discusses a separate paradox implicit in Rāzī’s works, namely that he both asserts in sections treating divine determinism that no knowledge can in fact be acquired whatsoever while elsewhere emphasizing the fundamental importance of knowledge acquisition.
Security, Islam, and Indonesia
Authors: Nakissa Aria
Published: June 2020

This article provides an anthropological analysis of counterterrorism in Indonesia. In doing so, it draws on several complementary ideas which have shaped anthropological scholarship on security, addressing ‘states of exception’, ‘securitization’, ‘governmentality’, and ‘human security’. The article develops its analysis through the first ethnographic study of Indonesia’s national counterterrorism agency. Data comes from special access to the agency’s facilities and events as well as interviews with agency personnel and ex-terrorists. The article also argues that post-9/11 security agencies frequently embrace a distinctive ‘Muslim security strategy’ built upon several contestable assumptions. Hence, it is assumed that Islam poses extraordinary threats to physical safety, human rights, and national identity. These threats justify suspending ordinary laws, making enormous investments in security measures, and extending such measures across the globe. It is also assumed that measures to prevent threats should focus on combating radical Islamic ideas, especially in educational institutions and on the Internet.
Cold War Polarization, Delegated Party Authority, and Diminishing Exilic Options
Authors: Hill David T.
Published: June 2020

Several thousand Indonesians were in China on 1 October 1965, when six senior military officers were killed in Jakarta by the Thirtieth of September Movement (G30S) in a putsch blamed upon the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI). The event changed the lives of Indonesians—in China and in their homeland—irrevocably. This article examines the impact of bilateral state relations upon the fate of those Indonesian political exiles in China and assesses the role of the Beijing-based leadership of the PKI (known as the Delegation of the Central Committee) as it attempted to manage the party in exile. Oral and written accounts by individual exiles are drawn upon to illustrate the broader community experience and trauma of exile, which was particularly harsh during the Cultural Revolution. The fate of the Indonesian exiles during this tempestuous period of Chinese politics was exacerbated by the failure of the delegation and, ultimately, by the exiles’ eventual rejection by the Chinese state.
Between Revenues and Public Service Delivery
Authors: Shidarta  , van Huis Stijn Cornelis
Published: June 2020

This article examines the development of policies regarding the state-owned enterprises (SOE s) and public service agencies (PSA s) in Indonesia. In 2004, the government of Indonesia introduced PSA s—government agencies that were given large autonomy to manage their financial affairs. The rationale behind this autonomy is consistent with the New Public Management ideal: the creation of more market-oriented government institutions with the objective of increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of public service delivery. The PSA policy has increased state revenues significantly, yet the quality of services and accountability has not improved accordingly. A comparison with SOE s reveals that the restructuring of government agencies and SOE s took place before a supportive framework was set in place. We argue that to tackle informality and to safeguard the social functions of public services, the spearheads of efficiency and revenues in Indonesian bureaucratic reform policies require a strong foundation, consisting of regulatory and ideological components.
Reformed Theology
Authors: Moore-Keish Martha L.
Published: June 2020

This research guide introduces scholars to the field of Reformed theology, focusing on works of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries in the English language. After a brief introductory section on the debates about what counts as “Reformed theology,” the guide explores twenty-one major theological themes, with attention to classical as well as current works. It is demonstrated that this stream of Protestantism is both internally diverse and ecumenically interwoven with other Christian families, not just a single clearly defined group set apart from others. In addition, this guide shows that contemporary Reformed theology has been rethinking the doctrines of God, humanity, and their relationship in significant ways that challenge old stereotypes and offer fresh wisdom for our world today.
In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Hibiscus Schizopetalus (Dyer) Hook. f.
Authors: Anusha M. R. , Bhuvaneshwari Veluswamy , Kalaiselvi Manokaran , Amrin Akbar Ali , Amsaveni Ramasamy
Published: June 2020

Medicinal plants act as an important source of drug with potential therapeutic effects. The present study focuses on the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of Hibiscus schizopetalus (Dyer) Hook. f. (leaves and flowers) extracts. The cold water and hot water extract was
prepared for plant sample without drying and whereas cold water, hot water, methanol, ethanol extract was prepared for the plant sample after drying. The present study on extract of H. schizopetalus demonstrated in vitro anti-inflammatory properties as evidenced by inhibition
of albumin denaturation, membrane stabilization test and proteinase inhibitory action. This justifies that the traditional use of this plant in treatment of pains and inflammation.
Use of Replaced Chalcones to Generate a 13C Chemical Shift Staging Factor for Chalcone and Its Derivate
Authors: Giacomello Thaís F. , da S. Mota Gunar V. , de J. C. Neto Antônio M. , Costa Fabio L. P.
Published: June 2020

Chalcones have attracted the attention of researchers for decades, they are biologically classified as secondary metabolites of low molecular weight. These are considered as the precursors of flavonoids and they are widely distributed in plants such as vegetables, fruits, teas and spices.
It has been demonstrating that chalcones possess many important bioactivities including properties of antioxidants and other evidence of its potential beneficial effects on health. Chalcone compounds and its derivatives have been showing a growing interest in the therapeutic properties. Nuclear
magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is one of the most important tools for determining the structures of organic molecules. In the work present a 13C Nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shift protocol of chalcones and derivative based on the application of scaling factor with
chalcone molecules. This protocol consists of using density functional theory with gauge-including atomic orbital method to calculating 13C chemical shifts and the application of a parameterized scaling factor in order to ensure accurate structural determination of chalcones and
derivative.
The Prototype Implementation of Interleaved Based PFC Rectification Light Emitting Diodes Systems for Low Power Applications
Authors: Jones J. Stanly , Sutha S. , Saravanan R.
Published: June 2020

This proposed topology presents the interleaved boost AC–DC rectification for power factor correction. This topology operating at CCM. It has low semiconductor components, low cost, less complexity and it has low ripple voltage. It's PF reach to high at AC side and also has high
efficiency and reduced harmonics. This AC–DC rectifier controlled with a PID switching controller which is used to a utilized laptop and mobile charging applications. This topology verified by Matlab Simulink and bridgeless topology LED electronics prototype kit has tested and verified.
Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Silver Nano Particles Synthesized from the Methanolic Leaf Extract of Litsea quinqueflora (Dennst.) Suresh
Authors: Jose Sumin Mary , Anilkumar M.
Published: June 2020

Litsea quinqueflora (Dennst.) Suresh is an ethno botanically important medicinal plant used by the traditional healers of Kerala to heal inflammatory disorders. In this paper we describe the synthesis of bio-nanoparticles of silver, capped with the methanolic leaf extract L.
quinqueflora; its characterization and anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. The production of silver nanoparticles was recognized by the colour change of the solution from yellow to dark brown; it was further confirmed and characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform
Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) studies, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX). The Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) peak obtained at 421 nm from the UV spectrum confirms the formation of AgNPs. The capping of nanoparticles with
phytochemicals was assessed from the FTIR spectrum. Also, XRD, SEM and EDAX analysis showed that the nanoparticles are crystalline in nature with an average size of 62.63 nm. The AgNPs thus synthesized exhibited anti-bacterial activity against Pseudomonas fluorescens, Staphylococcus
warneri, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli. The anti inflammatory activity of the nanoparticles was tested by inhibition of protein denaturation assay; this gave positive results with the IC 50 value of 244.92 μg/ml.
Free and Forced Air Precooling of Perishable Food Products: Experimental Investigation
Authors: Hussain Taliv , Ansari Shahzeb
Published: June 2020

An experimental investigation has been performed in order to compare the thermo-physical properties of spherical and cylindrical shaped food products during forced and free convection cooling. The specific heat capacity increases with the increment in the percentage of moisture quantity
as in cucumber, it was 96% and in banana, it was 74%. The thermal conductivity of cucumber was found to be 18.7%, 7.6%, 5.1% more than that of banana, orange, capsicum respectively in case of free convection cooling but it was 18.7%, 7.8%, 5.3% more than that of banana, orange, capsicum respectively
in case of forced convection cooling. In free convection cooling, the value of thermal diffusivity of cucumber was noted to be 9.02%, 2.96%, 3.85% more than that of banana, orange, capsicum respectively while in case of forced convection cooling, it was 76.06%, 62.62%, 20.19% more than that
of banana, orange, capsicum respectively.
Synthesis and Characterization of Co-Doped ZnO Diluted Magnetic Semiconductor for Spintronics Application
Authors: Thirupathi C. , Nithiyanantham S. , Sentilkumar M. , Arivudainambi A. , Mahalakshmi S. , Natarajan B.
Published: June 2020

The diluted magnetic semiconductor (DMS), are promising materials in the ferromagnetic exchange coupling between localized spins. ZnO nanoparticles in pure and cobalt doped with 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% were prepared through co-precipitation method at room temperature. XRD analysis showed
the Co doped ZnO crystalizes in a wurzite structure. The particle size decreases with increase in concentration of cobalt. The SEM micrographs shows similar and regular equal in size depends with the increase of Co concentration and formation of spherical super structure and confirmed the
Co2+ is completely replaced into the Zn2+ site of ZnO host structure. The size depends with the concentration are evident from EDAX analysis. The remarkable spin performances with increase of Co are confirming the above results.
Bi-Functional Pd/Y-Zeolite Reforming Nanocatalyst Engineered Employing Polyvinylpyrrolidone and 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)Ethyltrimethoxysilane
Authors: Dwivedi Poushpi , Tiwary D. , Mishra P. K. , Chakraborty Jyoti Prasad
Published: June 2020

This article reports novel engineering route of bi-functional Pd/Y-zeolite reforming nanocatalyst. Palladium nanostructures, synthesized adopting 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltrimethoxysilane as the reducing species and polyvinylpyrrolidone as the capping moiety, have been impregnated
on Y-zeolite catalyst support for the purpose of imparting enhanced catalytic efficiency. Various characterization techniques have been performed such as UV/Visible spectroscopy, TEM, EDAX, SEM and BET method.
Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis of Carbon Nanotube Using Pyrolysis Gas Products of Apricot Kernel Shell
Authors: Gedik B. Köse , Önal Y. , Başar C. Akmil , Akbulut Y.
Published: June 2020

The results of a study of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) growth using apricot stone (AS) as a carbon source are presented. The described method here is two-zone thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) that uses cobalt acetate directly as deposition medium at different geometries under argon
flow of 100 mL min–1. Argon gas was fed into the oven until pyrolysis of apricot kernel started. Since pyrolysis started, argon was passed through toluene immersed in hot water in the gas washing flask and sent to the furnace for CNT formation. This method allows the bulk
metal acetate surface over a quartz road and in a quartz boat to act as catalyst for CNT growth. Our recent results obtained from the toluene assisted growth. The effect of growth temperature and purification of CNTs was studied. As-grown and purified CNTs were characterized by scanning electron
microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis and surface analysis. High yield of CNTs were obtained over quartz road at 900 °C and at the same temperature with 48 hours deposition time in quartz boat. The obtained CNTs were purified by refluxing using nitric acid.