bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les hauts salaires dans la banque : talent ou collusion ?
Authors: Meunier François
Published: May 2011

L'article fait le constat des très hautes rémunérations dans le secteur de la banque d'investissement. Elles s'écartent de plus en plus des rémunérations perçues dans d'autres secteurs d'activité et dans d'autres couches du salariat. Elles se comparent aisément désormais aux revenus des grands du sport et du spectacle et dépassent assez souvent celles des grands PDG, sous les feux de l'actualité. L'article examine les principales pistes d'explication, dans un domaine peu couvert encore par la recherche économique.
Comment améliorer la gouvernance économique européenne ?
Authors: Saint-Etienne Christian
Published: May 2011

How to improve the European economic governance

In the European Union, economic governance is not implemented through an elected body responsible in front of a Parliament, but it is conducted through three independent Institutions: the Stability and Growth Pact, the European Central Bank and the Competition Directory of the European Commission. The non coordination of these Institutions leads to the powerlessness of the economic government of Europe. Optimizing the European policy mix requires adjusting monetary and budgetary policies and exchange rates policies in order to reach the highest rate of growth without inflation and external deficit.
Modèles politico-économétriques et prévisions électorales pour mai 2007
Authors: Lafay Jean-Dominique , Facchini François , Auberger Antoine
Published: May 2011

Politico-Econometric Models and Electoral Predictions for May 2007 in France

This paper discusses the question of electoral prediction based on politicoeconometric models. It presents a brief historical sketch of this specific research domain in political economy, and a synthesis of the present model-based predictions for the French 2007 presidential elections. Because the reviewed models predict different and somewhat opposed results, we suggest to use an ex ante arbitrage, based on a simple indicator, the Figaro-Sofres popularity index for the socialist party. The arbitrage between potential winners appears to be very clear. As this paper is written six weeks ante eventum, it can be seen as a kind of natural experiment in itself, useful to test the predictive capacity of our selected indicator.
Concurrence et délégation de services publics. [Quelques enseignements de la théorie des coûts de transaction]
Authors: Yvrande-Billon Anne
Published: May 2011

La pratique des appels d'offres concurrentiels dans les industries de services publics s'est considérablement développée depuis deux décennies. Le principal argument théorique sur lequel s'appuie cette tendance est que la mise aux enchères du droit de fournir un bien ou un service public permet d'introduire des pressions concurrentielles dans des secteurs en monopole naturel. A la lumière des développements récents de la théorie des coûts de transaction, cette conclusion est cependant à nuancer. Cette approche souligne en effet les difficultés de mise en oeuvre de la concurrence pour le marché dans les industries de services publics, difficultés que nous passons en revue et illustrons dans cet article.
Economie et psychologie : une réflexion autrichienne sur l'organisation de l'esprit
Authors: Aimar Thierry
Published: May 2011

L'idée d'une ignorance interne des agents constitue une extension du paradigme autrichien de l'ignorance des acteurs. Sur cette base, l'article traite des mécanismes de découverte de soi. A l'aide des outils analytiques autrichiens, cet article cherche à expliquer les caractéristiques des processus mentaux qui conditionnent l'exercice de cette découverte de soi, et à rendre compte de la nature des obstacles qui peuvent s'opposer à son développement.
Politique monétaire et information hétérogène
Authors: Baeriswyl Romain , Cornand Camille
Published: May 2011

Ce papier propose une analyse de la politique monétaire dans une économie où la non-neutralité monétaire est issue de deux principales hypothèses : la connaissance commune imparfaite et l'existence de complémentarités stratégiques entre les agents économiques. L'attrait pour ce type de modélisation repose sur sa capacité à reproduire des propriétés dynamiques réalistes. Lorsque l'information hétérogène est la friction qui génère la non-neutralité monétaire, il est naturel de s'intéresser à la politique de communication des banques centrales. Nous montrons dans ce contexte que la politique monétaire de la banque centrale ne se limite pas à son action mais englobe également sa stratégie de communication, l'une et l'autre étant interdépendantes.
Enchères en ligne et E-commerce
Authors: Brisset Karine , Naegelen Florence
Published: May 2011

Face au développement du commerce électronique, cet article étudie le fonctionnement des enchères sur internet dans le cadre du commerce entre entreprises (B2B), entre particuliers (C2C) et entre entreprises et particuliers (B2C). Il met en évidence les particu- larités de ces procédures par rapport aux enchères classiques et analyse les comportements stratégiques qui en découlent.
La relation entre prix agricoles et prix alimentaires
Authors: Butault Jean-Pierre
Published: May 2011

The Relationship Between Agricultural Prices and Food Prices

This paper examines the relationships between agriculture, food processing, trade and retail, and consumers at the macro-economic level in France, between 1978 and 2005. The surplus account method is applied using input-output tables (IOT). In order to do so, volume and price indices are calculated for all the elements of the IOTs' to measure the productivity of agriculture and food processing industries and measure the transfers of purchasing power between various economic agents. Agriculture includes forestry and fishing. Food processing industries are divided into two sub-sectors: meat and dairy, and other food processing industries. Trade and retail activities are measured by marketing margins.

To measure relationships between sectors, we use the table of intermediate inputs. Relationships with the rest of the world are taken into account through imports and exports. The subsidies and taxes are introduced either at the stage of production, or at the stage of use of products. Payments of factors in each sector are deducted from income accounts, their volume being calculated like an aggregate of the labour and fixed assets being used.
Permeability of Peritoneal and Glomerular Capillaries: What are the Differences According to Pore Theory?
Authors: Rippe Bengt , Davies Simon
Published: May 2011

Pore and fiber-matrix theory can both be used to model the peritoneal and glomerular filtration barriers in an attempt to shed light on their differing structure–function relationships. The glomerular filtration barrier (GFB) is structurally more specialized, morphologically complex, and also highly dynamic; but paradoxically, because of its uniformity, it conforms more closely to the predictions of pore theory than does the peritoneum, and it in fact resembles a more simple synthetic membrane. Compared with the peritoneal capillary wall, the GFB has no transcellular “third” pores (aquaporins), and it is far less leaky and more size-selective to proteins, mainly as a result of having far fewer “large” pores. It does have charge-selective properties, although these are considered much less important in excluding albumin than was once thought, and it is also able to select polymers according to their shape and flexibility. Even this property might reflect the relative uniformity of the GFB, which has a high diffusion area and short diffusion distances, compared with the peritoneal barrier, which behaves more like a gel filtration column. Furthermore, the length of the diffusion path across the peritoneal membrane is much greater for small solutes, given the relatively high ultrafiltration coefficient for that membrane compared with the GFB—a situation that reflects both the tortuosity of the interendothelial clefts and the distribution of peritoneal capillaries within the interstitium. These comparisons reveal the peritoneal barrier as a relatively complex structure to model; and yet this model may be more representative of the general microcirculation, and thus shed light on systemic endothelial function in renal failure.
Incidence of Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis: A Single-Center Experience with Long-Term Peritoneal Dialysis in the United States
Authors: Gayomali Charina , Hussein Usama , Cameron Scott F. , Protopapas Zenon , Finkelstein Fredric O.
Published: May 2011

Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a serious complication of long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD). The reported incidence varies between 0.5% and 4.4% and increases with length of time on PD. Very few data are available on the epidemiology of EPS in the United States. The aim of the present study was assess the incidence of EPS in a single center in New Haven, Connecticut.

In a retrospective analysis of all patients maintained on PD for 5 or more years, clinical symptoms were documented, abdominal computed tomography (CT) findings were reviewed, and surgical and pathology findings were noted. Patients were tracked whether they remained on PD, transferred to hemodialysis (HD), underwent transplantation, or died.

Among the 76 patients that met the inclusion criteria (mean dialysis duration: 81.5 ± 22 months), 14 (18%) developed clinical symptoms (persisting for 3 or more months) suggestive of EPS. Abdominal CT imaging was done in 38 patients; 25 had radiologic features consistent with EPS. At laparotomy, 6 of 7 patients had gross findings consistent with EPS. Eleven patients met the 2000 criteria of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis for a diagnosis of EPS; they had clinical features, plus either radiologic or histopathologic confirmation. In 3 patients with clinical symptoms, the radiologic or surgical findings did not support a diagnosis of EPS. Of the 11 patients meeting the EPS criteria, 1 remains on PD and is doing well, 2 were transferred to HD and are doing well, 2 died as a result of EPS complications, and 6 died of other causes.

The present study suggests that, in patients maintained on PD for 5 or more years at our center, the incidence of EPS is 14%. Those findings suggest that EPS may be under-recognized in the United States and that a high index of suspicion is warranted in patients maintained on PD for 5 or more years.
Inhibitory Effects of Indigowoad Root Polysaccharides on Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Replication In Vitro
Authors: Wei Zhan-Yong , Wang Xue-Bing , Zhang Hong-Ying , Yang Chun-Hua , Wang Ya-Bin , Xu Duan-Hong , Chen Hong-Ying , Cui Bao-An
Published: May 2011

Background

Indigowoad root polysaccharide (IRPS) is a natural polysaccharide isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Radix Isatidis, and has many kinds of biological activities. However, the IRPS antiviral activity, especially the anti-porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) effect, has not been evaluated.

Methods

PRRSV was propagated in the MARC-145 cell line, and viral titre was determined by cytopathic effect and expressed as the 50% tissue culture infection dose (TCID50) in the current study. The cell cytotoxic effect of IRPS toward MARC-145 was evaluated by MTT assay firstly, then the inhibitory effects of IRPS on PRRSV replication in vitro were investigated by determining the effect of IRPS upon a single replicative cycle of PRRSV in MARC- 145 cells. The effects of IRPS on viral RNA and protein synthesis in PRRSV-infected cells were investigated using real-time PCR and double-antibody (sandwich) ELISA.

Results

IRPS was able to effectively suppress the infectivity of the PRRSV in a dose-dependent manner, especially by adding IRPS during the PRRSV infection. IRPS could affect the attachment of PRRSV to MARC-145 cells, and also inhibit the viral RNA and protein synthesis.

Conclusions

IRPS has an antiviral effect on PRRSV replication in MARC-145 cells and might be useful in medical development for antiviral research. However, the precise mechanism of the host and viral targets of IRPS are unknown, so further studies should be conducted to investigate the precise mechanism of IRPS inhibitory effect on PRRSV infection.
Preparing Nurse Educators to Use Simulation Technology: A Consortium Model for Practice and Education
Authors: Halstead Judith A. , Phillips Janet M. , Koller Angela , Hardin Karen , Porter Marjorie Lentz , Dwyer Jennifer S.
Published: May 2011

Background:

As nurses seek to advance their education through online courses, considering best practices in feedback is especially important. Rich and rapid feedback has long been considered a best teaching practice, but how to provide this feedback in an online course environment is not always clear. This study was conducted to identify how experienced faculty provide feedback to online students.

Methods:

This descriptive exploratory study surveyed faculty about their approach to feedback with broad exploratory questions and a validation survey. The sample included faculty in four different states who benchmark online educational best practices.

Results:

Content analysis was used to evaluate data, with 15 themes emerging. These themes were organized into three categories: using best available tools; having a system; and creating a feedback-rich environment.

Conclusion:

The findings support and extend the guidelines for best practices in online education, including a focus on multisource feedback opportunities during course design.
Novel Angle Measurements for Assessment of Shoulder Location Using the Scapular Y Radiograph
Authors: Mulder Andrew A. , Esquivel Amanda O. , Bak Sean F. , Lincoln Denis R. , Markel David C.
Published: May 2011

Shoulder dislocation is an injury with potential long-term consequences that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. Patient positioning and imperfect radiographic views may result in discomfort, added examination time, and problematic diagnosis. The scapular Y radiograph has been shown to be useful in diagnosing shoulder dislocation but is not considered sufficient in isolation. Using a synthetic bone shoulder model, we propose a novel technique wherein osseous landmarks are used to form angles that significantly improved diagnostic accuracy for shoulder dislocation, even in significantly rotated and otherwise indeterminate scapular Y radiographs.
Intraoperative Navigation for Minimally Invasive Resection of Periarticular and Pelvic Tumors
Authors: Wu Kevin , Webber Nicholas P. , Ward Russell A. , Jones Kevin B. , Randall R. Lor
Published: May 2011

The surgical approach to benign, metastatic, and some low-grade malignant tumors is often difficult due to their typically precarious locations. This article presents a series of cases where intraoperative stealth navigation was used to treat periarticular tumors. The use of paired point imaging with image fusion has made approaching tumors through an accurate and minimally invasive technique a viable option for the treatment of a subset of musculoskeletal tumors.
Strategies for the Management of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Bekker Jennifer G. , Macaulay Tracy E.
Published: May 2011

Atrial fibrillation is an important complication of non-cardiothoracic surgery and is associated with higher hospital costs and increased morbidity. Strategies of rate versus rhythm control have been compared in several studies and patient populations and generally result in equivalent patient outcomes. Hemodynamically unstable patients should be electrically cardioverted for immediate restoration of sinus rhythm. However, in stable patients, a variety of pharmacologic agents can be selected for either rate or rhythm control. Selection of a particular agent should be based on a patient’s comorbidities and preferences, as well as specific characteristics of each agent.
Alternative Drug Therapies for Dementia
Authors: Howland Robert H.
Published: May 2011

Drugs currently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease include acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (i.e., tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine) and glutamate-modulating (i.e., memantine) drugs. Because these drugs have modest benefits, various alternative drug therapies have been of interest. Drugs with vasodilator activity were originally tried in dementia when it was hypothesized that the condition was due to cerebrovascular insufficiency. Isoxsuprine and ergoloid mesylates are FDA approved for the treatment of dementia, although they have limited evidence of benefit and are rarely used. The hypothesis that free radicals may initiate and maintain mechanisms responsible for neurodegeneration in dementia has stimulated interest in investigating various antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drugs. There is no evidence that other drug therapies, including vitamin E, selegiline, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, statin drugs, omega-3 fatty acids, estrogen or combined estrogen plus progestin therapy, or B vitamins, are sufficiently effective and safe to justify their clinical use for the treatment of dementing disorders.
Fixating Dislocated Intraocular Lens by 25-Gauge Vitrectomy
Authors: Kunikata Hiroshi , Fuse Nobuo , Abe Toshiaki
Published: May 2011

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

To describe a technique for suturing a dislocated intraocular lens (IOL) with 25-gauge (G) instruments.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Non-comparative interventional case series performed at a single center. Five patients with a dislocated IOL underwent 25-G transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy (25G-TSV) with a temporary externalization of the haptics to fixate the IOL. Three IOLs enclosed in the lens capsule were dislocated into the vitreous and removed from the capsule with 25G-TSV using perfluorocarbon liquid. The best-corrected visual acuity and surgical complications resulting from this technique were recorded.

RESULTS:

In all cases, the IOL was fixed stably and remained well positioned. The visual acuity was improved or maintained in all cases. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications except for one eye with a postoperative iris capture of the sutured IOL.

CONCLUSION:

Findings indicate that 25G-TSV is a practical and safe method for fixating a dislocated IOL.
Study on the Swelling and Deswelling of the PH / Thermosensitive Hydrogel
Authors: Zhu Xiu Fang , Zhou Wei , Zhang Hong Xia , Nie Yu Jing
Published: May 2011

From the point of view of molecule design, pH/temperature responsive hydrogels were prepared based on the acrylic acid with the excellent pH sensitivity and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPA) with the excellent temperature sensitivity by the traditional radical polymerization. Study focus on the swelling of the hydrogels, measurement of the swelling and deswelling under different ionic strength with various temperatures of the hydrogels were performed in our work. The results show that the ionic strength, the pH value and temperature are three key factors that affect the LCST of the hydrogel. In the same pH buffer solution, the swelling ratio decreases with temperature rises, and the ionic strength greatly affects the swelling of the pH temperature responsive hydrogel, the higher the ion concentration is, the lower the swelling ratio and the LCST are.
Web Data Extraction with Hierarchical Clustering and Rich Features
Authors: Dong Yong Quan , Zhao Xiang Jun , Zhang Gong Jie
Published: May 2011

A novel approach is proposed to automatically extract data records from detail pages using hierarchical clustering techniques. The approach uses the information of the listing pages to identify the content blocks in detail pages, which narrows the scopes of Web data extraction. Meanwhile, it also makes full use of the structure and content features to cluster content feature vectors. Finally, it aligns data elements of multiple details pages to extract the data records. Experiment results on test beds of real web pages show that the approach can achieve high extraction accuracy and outperforms the existing techniques substantially.
Planar Four-Linkage Guide Mechanism Synthesis Based on Mechanical Chaos System Methods
Authors: Che Xiao Yi , He Zhe Ming , Luo You Xin , Liu Qi Yuan
Published: May 2011

The problem of four-linkage guide mechanism synthesis is transformed into nonlinear equations to be found, Newton iterative method is an important technique to one dimensional and multidimensional variables and iterative process exhibits sensitive dependence on initial guess points. For the first time, the mechanical chaos methods of mechanism synthesis and all solutions of the nonlinear questions of mechanism synthesis were found by utilizing chaos sequences of chaos motions of mechanical system to obtain locate initial points. As an example the problem of function generation for planar four-linkage guide mechanism was considered. This makes that multi-projects selecting could be possible. This method is adaptive to planar multi-linkage and spatial mechanism. This provides a new simple realization method for mechanics design.
Application of Cluster Algorithm in Clothes Shape Classifying
Authors: Wang Xiao Gang , Li Xin Zhan , Li Yue
Published: May 2011

Based on research about patterns of garment, patterns were made to achieve data and interval of the bust eases. On the basis of bust eases, a series of shape profiles in different eases of garment were designed and distinguishing experiment was done according to the theory of psychics, which profiles in different eases were distinguished. The shapes in different fit were classified into four clusters: tight fit, fit, little loose and loose. The results of experiment were analyzed by k-means cluster method and quantitative classification based on bust ease was achieved. It opens our mind to make garment research by data mining method. A new method for garment fit research and classification exploration of outline shape was brought forward, which it offers reference for garment industry and research for automatic computer distinguishing technology.
A Pattern Making System Based on Clothes Databases
Authors: Wang Xiao Gang , Li Xin Zhan , Li Yue
Published: May 2011

In this article based on databases of 3D female bodies emulator, 3D jacket emulator, textile material parameters, historical photos and pattern parameters, an automatic pattern making and its 3D emulator model support system of woman warm jacket was developed. In this system different databases were set up and mathematic models of body block and pattern were founded, which they were the main algorithms of program. Program of connecting databases for pattern making was developed and its 3D emulator model was realized synchronization. Based on 20 variables for the female body, the net body block is first be made for individuality and its 3D model also is offered. Then according to the parameters from textile material database and pattern database, pattern is automatically made on the base of the body block. At the same time its 3D jacket model can be presented to user by this system. In this system, managing and connecting different types of databases were come true. This new automatic designing method differs with the traditional pattern making, which introduced the database technology to make works automatically and present 3D emulator model synchronously. This open system is offered user with spreading the database possible and connecting with ready CAD system.
A Novel Modeling Method Based on Telmat Laser Scanning System
Authors: Wang Xiao Gang , Li Xin Zhan , Li Yue
Published: May 2011

Though 3D body scanning system is most developed system for achieving body data, there are some scanning dead angles when body is scanned. Based on the scanning file produced by Telmat 3D body scanner, the structure of scanning file was introduced and model algorithm was analyzed. Holes in model were produced because of scanning dead angles, where were on the side of arms, on the side of legs, on the side of upper body, in the side of arms and in the side of legs. A 3D system was developed to automatically read the scanning file and reconstruct body model in it. At the same time holes can be automatic identified and repaired by this system. Then the model repaired was compared to the initial model produced by Telmat system and to confirm the integrality. The algorithm of program is fit to 3D scanning file from all kinds of body scanner system, which holes were produced. The automatic system perfected 3D scanning system and overcome the difficulty produced by the hardware in scanning system.
Automated Trust Negotiation for Web Services
Authors: Peng Xin Guang , Feng Yan Ru , Li Min
Published: May 2011

The application of Automated Trust Negotiation in web service needs to solve two problems. One is the protection of sensitive information, and the other is the determination of negotiation policy. In this paper, the Trust-Serv model is used to manage Automated Trust Negotiation, and explores the further solutions to the two problems above. The introduction of Trusted Computing provides security support for Automated Trust Negotiation.
The Garment Fashionable Shape Prognosticating Based on Manufacture Database
Authors: Wang Xiao Gang , Li Xin Zhan , Li Yue
Published: May 2011

Based on the research about outside shape of woman warm jacket more than twenty years, fashion variables that were representative and can describe the fashionable shape were discussed. Experiment was designed to achieve data of large numbers of female body. Body size variables were statistically analyzed to decide the module that was the basement for achieving data from historical photos. Fashionable characteristic diagrams of garment length, front chest width, shoulder length, collar height and their error bar charts were drawn for discussing the change of fashionable shape. The fashion trends in the future were also prognosticated scientifically. At the same time, a historical database was developed for manufacture and designing, which it is the basement for automatic pattern designing. This new method for fashion trend research was introduced by data mining technology, which it opens our minds for garment science research and offers a new database for improving garment CAD system.
Techno-Economic Analysis of Magnetic Treatment of Cobalt Concentrate
Authors: Wang Juan , Lu Jie
Published: May 2011

This paper analyzed the grade of iron and sulfur of cobalt concentrate in an iron in the past decade. The utilization of the magnetic separation technology for treating cobalt concentrate was carried out the techno-economic analysis. It was indicated that the cobalt concentrate quality had been improved significantly after magnetic separation; the grade of cobalt has been increased for 0.08 percentage points higher and the sulfur 3 percentage points higher. The recovery operations of cobalt and sulfur were 83.1% and 80.6% respectively, and the product yield of the magnetic was 27.85%, the grade of iron was 42.63% and the sulfur was 17.76%. According to the actual production data in 2009 and the experimental data of magnetic treatment of cobalt concentrate, the benefits of treating cobalt concentrate were calculated. The results showed that 5.342 million was increased for the sales and more than 4.6 million was increased for net returns by the magnetic treatment of cobalt concentrate.
Dynamic Response of Out-Plane Line Loads by a Shallow-Embedded Circular Lining Structure
Authors: Gao Ming Song , Chen Zhi Gang
Published: May 2011

The dynamic response problems of out-plane line loads by a shallow-embedded circular lining structure were investigated here by using the method of Green’s Function. Firstly a suitable Green’s function was constructed, which is an essential solution to the displacement field possessing a shallow-embedded circular lining structure while bearing out-plane harmonic line loads at an arbitrary point. Then we obtained a series of algebraic equations to solve this problem after constructing scattering waves that satisfied the zero-stress condition on the ground surface. Lastly, some numerical examples are given to show the effects that different parameters influence dynamic stress concentration factor (DSCF) by out-plane line source loads.
Analysis on the Application of GPS in Hull Installment and Marine Monitoring
Authors: Zhu Yu Feng , Ding Xiao Li , Li Zhi Wei , Zhou Shi Jian
Published: May 2011

With the improvement of GPS measurement methods and its increasing precision, the GPS technology obtains more and more widespread application in our country marine survey. This paper mainly discussed the GPS technology using in the sea navigational affairs project application, combined with Nantong YangKou port Artificial Island project, introduced about some methods of using GPS in the hull dolosse installment localization and the seabed, the island wall monitoring in detail. And also some beneficial experience of GPS technology applying in hull installment localization and the marine monitor were summarized.
Design and Realization of Wireless Sensor Network Gateway Based on ARM
Authors: He Hong Jiang , Yue Zhu Qiang , Wang Xiao Jie
Published: May 2011

This paper discusses an embedded access platform which based on ARM and Linux operating system. Based on the character and advantage of GPRS, this article advances the solution scheme of the wireless sensor network gateway. Mainly analyzes the software design of the gateway, including the way to realize the connection of GPRS network. And this paper proposed a solution of Data loss which is caused by the different transmitting rates of different protocols. It also describes the structure of the hardware platform and running process, and analyzes the structure of the three layers software system, as well as PPP protocol’s characteristics and transplanting key point. As a result, the wireless data communication link between embedded gateway and GPRS network is set up, and the solution of keeping the gateway on line is proposed.
Effect of Combined Shot Peening on Fatigue Limit of TC4 which Have Different Microstructure
Authors: Wen Ai Ling , Wang Sheng Wu , Ren Rui Ming , Yan Xiu Xia
Published: May 2011

The rotary bending fatigue tests were to investigate the effect of the combined shot peening for surface nanocrystallization (CSPN) on the fatigue limit of titanium (TC4). CSPN formed nano-crystallization in surface layer of TC4, and may reduce and reducing the surface damage of TC4 by high energy shot peening. In the case of equiaxed microstructure, the fatigue limit of TC4 specimen treated by high-energy shot peening is increased by 13%, while the fatigue limit of TC4 specimen treated by the CSPN is increased by 34%. But in the case of lamellar microstructure, the fatigue limits of the specimens by either the surface treatment process both of the high energy shot peening and CSPN. The main reason of fatigue improvement change is due to that the effect of surface nanocrystallization and surface damage repairing by CSPN is changed between the different microstructure of TC4.
Study on Surface Heat Transfer Coefficient of Mixture of Nitrogen-Spray Water Eject Quenching under Normal Pressure and High Velocity
Authors: Shao Bao Dong , Cheng He Ming , Li Jian Yun , Li Zi Liang , Hou Li Jun , Hou Jie , Wang Li Feng , Ding Dong Fang , Tian Chong
Published: May 2011

During mixture of Nitrogen and spray water ejecting quenching under normal pressure and high velocity, the liquid film that is formed on the surface of specimen to reduce the heat transfer between specimen and quenching media is removed on the one hand; on the other hand, the heat transfer performance of the mixture exceeds that of pure Nitrogen. Because the surface heat transfer coefficient is difficult to measure, according the cooling curve of surface and centre of specimen measured experimentally, the law of surface heat transfer coefficient and specimen temperature is calculated by nonlinear estimate methods and finite difference method based on inverse heat transfer method. The results show that the cooling performance of mixture of Nitrogen and spray water is as well as that of water or oil. During quenching, the surface heat transfer coefficient increases rapidly at begin, and at temperature of 170 °C, the surface heat transfer coefficient decreases. During martensite phase transformation, the latent heat is used to increase drive force of phase transformation and to overcome resistance of phase transformation, thus the martensite phase transformation can fulfill.
Flashover Pattern Recognition by HMM Based on Fractal Characteristics of Leakage Current on HV Insulators
Authors: Hui Ali
Published: May 2011

With the increase of voltage grade in power transmission system and the aggravation of industrial pollution, flashover of contaminated insulators in HV and UHV system is more and more serious, threatening the security of power transmission severely. The key of improving the security of system is exploring the methods of monitoring and recognizing states of insulator’s surface by some character values. In this paper, multi-characteristic Hidden Markov Model is founded with wavelet and chirplet fractal characteristics of leakage current(LC), through which the flashover patterns are recognized during the developing stages. The results show that fractal characteristics HMM recognized flashover pattern efficiently and successfully, and that is useful to help related stuff to make correct decision and ensure the security of power delivery.
Thermal Conductivity of Silicon Thin Films Predicted by Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Theoretical Calculation
Authors: Zhang Xing Li , Sun Zhao Wei
Published: May 2011

Molecular, dynamics simulation and the Boltzmann transport equation are used respectively to analyze the phonon transport in Si thin film. The MD result is in good agreement with the theoretical analysis values. The results show that the calculated thermal conductivity decreases almost linearly as the film thickness reduced and is almost independent of the temperature at the nanoscale. It was observed from the simulation results that there exists the obvious size effect on the thermal conductivity.
Research on the Multi-Disciplinary Optimization Design Technology for the ETO Product
Authors: Zhu Miao Fen , Su Shao Hui , Gong You Ping , Chen Guo Jin
Published: May 2011

This paper provides one kind of knowledge construction to let the engineers and technicians apply the knowledge to the product’s simulation optimization function, the ability of establishing the design criterion and the technical standard, and the convenient knowledge reuse tool to manage the knowledge effectively. In this paper the knowledge expression, the knowledge tool as well as the inference engine of the knowledge library is packed as the knowledge management module which is called for the design simulation optimization system of the outside products. The application frame of the knowledge module takes the knowledge management as a center, and form finally the knowledge management engine embedded in the design simulation system based on the unified multi-disciplinary modeling. Therefore, the knowledge management module is divided into the knowledge modeling, the knowledge expression, the knowledge reasoning, and the knowledge management. Aiming at the deep custom-made degree of the multi-functional hydraulic lift machinery, the complex restraint and coupling relations between the components and parts, the non-unified model descriptions between the multi-disciplines, and the difficult management of massive isomerous data, the basic frame of the multi-disciplinary configuration optimization design for the ETO product of the hydraulic lift machinery is proposed in the paper.
The Auto-Adaptive Digital Watermark Algorithm Based on Wavelet Transformation and FCM Algorithm
Authors: Zhou Ji Mei , Zhang Ze , Wang Hai Tao
Published: May 2011

An auto-adaptive scheme of embedding watermark based on wavelet transformation domain is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the scheme applies wavelet transform to the original image, confirms the ideal embedded location in low-frequency coefficient of wavelet transformation domain by using FCM algorithm integrating with the apperceive characteristics of human visual system and related local characteristics of image. According to quantization rule of wavelet coefficient proposed in this paper, the information of scrambled watermarking is adaptively embedded in corresponding position. The method of finding the embedded location in the process of watermark extracting is same as the method of embedding watermark. Secondly, extract the information of embedded watermark according to the rule of coefficient quantization. Finally, after the process of anti-scrambling and enhancing dimension, the embedded watermark image is obtained. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme has performance of good invisibility and robustness.
Application Research of Mobile Agent Technology Based on Windows Platform
Authors: Yang Li , Zhang Jian , Liao Hao De
Published: May 2011

Mobile computing is thought as one of four technologies that have a great effect on the future. First, Analying major technology of traditional mobile agent based on JAVA, such as migration technology, communication mechanism ,and etc, a new model of mobile agent on WinCE platform of Microsoft, WinMas, is presented. Next, the advantage of the mobile agent system-WinMas by comparing with the mobile agent system-Aglet is introduced. A new migration mechanism for mobile agents, namely, the utility of RPC Serialization and the far thread insertion mechanism has proposed. Finally, Application example has given, WinMas is successfully applied to Wireless Real Time Supervisor System in Oil-gas field.
Elevator Group Control System Based on Fuzzy Single-Chip Computer
Authors: Gu De Ying , Yan Dong Mei
Published: May 2011

What the group control of the elevator traffic system deal with is a complex, random, multi-objective, nonlinear, uncertain decision-making problem. Good effect of controlling elevators can’t be achieved with traditional control methods. Elevator group control system based on fuzzy single chip computer is introduced in this paper. Fuzzy inference can be carried out based on control rules that are programmed based experts’ experience. Then elevators are allocated in the light of inference result in order to achieve ideal control effect.
FEM Simulation Analysis of a New-Style Slick Pole Self-Lock Up-Down Setting
Authors: Yan Zhan Hui , Yang Da Yi
Published: May 2011

A new-style slick pole self-lock up-down setting is designed to realize large size up-down of crossbeam, its principle is that crossbeam’s “limitless” pass is realized by alternate motion of an overtop elastic cannula and a ringent elastic cannula connected with poles. FEM is used to calculate proper interference value to guarantee that elastic cover can move freely when it is pressed and it can be locked when it isn’t pressed. A new-style slick pole self-lock up-down setting’s design is based on it. Simulation analysis and practical application shows that this method is feasible.
Network Community Detection Based on Co-Neighbor Modularity Matrix with Spectral Clustering
Authors: Liu Ji , Li Lei
Published: May 2011

The problem of community detection is one of the outstanding issues in the study of network systems. This paper presents co-neighbor modularity matrix to measure the quality of community detection. The problem of community detection is projected into clustering of eigenvectors in Euclidean space. Network community structure is detected with spectral clustering algorithm which is free from the noise of initial mean point in K-mean algorithm. The experimental results suggest that the method is efficient in finding the structure of community.
Supply Chain of Concrete Producing Enterprise Based on Soft-Man Technology
Authors: Wu Xiao Wei
Published: May 2011

This paper aimed to achieve the equal interest between drivers and the lowest transportation costs, putting forward the simple concrete transportation model under ideal conditions. However, this model was not abel to deal with the complex situation like road breakdown.For solving this problem, proposing a supplying chain structure based on the negotiation strategy of transportation soft-man, and it will put forward the feasible solutions. Finally, the feasibility of allocation scheme from soft-man was shown through the actual cases in the end.
Fundamental Experimental Study on Numerical-Control Electrochemical Finish Machining for Integral Impeller Blade
Authors: Wu Jian Min , Xu Jia Wen
Published: May 2011

While the surface of integral impeller blade was electrochemically machined, cathode cannot rotate in accordance with other movement axes, which results in nonuniformity in velocity of electrolyte and normal direction of the machining blade surface, thereby causing inaccuracy in the machined blade surface. In order to solve this problem, the shaping law was studied in Electrochemical Finish Machining. Then relative positions between cathode slot and blade surface were analyzed during the process of Electrochemical Machining (ECM). Three parameters, namely feed direction, feed velocity and initial machining inter-electrode gap, were adjusted to conduct the fundamental experiments when direction of cathode slot was changed. Afterwards machining accuracy as well as surface quality of workpiece was analyzed. Finally according to experimental results, direction of cathode slot was determined practically in electrochemical machining process and the integral impeller blades meeting the requirement were electrochemically machined.
Compression Behavior of a Self-Healing Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Composite
Authors: Lee Jim , Bhattacharyya Debes , Zhang Ming Qiu , Mai Yiu Wing , Yuan Yan Chao
Published: May 2011

The concept of introducing self-healing capabilities in polymer materials and systems has been based on mimicking biological self-healing materials and systems, for example, materials like proteins have phenomenal capabilities in self-healing damaged biological structures. This work has been extended to investigate self-healing capabilities of fibre reinforced epoxy composites. Microencapsulated epoxy and mercaptan healing agents were incorporated into a glass fibre reinforced epoxy matrix to produce a polymer composite capable of self-healing. The specimens containing the microencapsulated epoxy and mercaptan healing agents did gain excellent strength and achieved a healing efficiency up to 140%.
The Application of the Improved Verhulst Model in Mid-Long Term Load Forecasting
Authors: Zhao Wen Qing , Wang Fei , Niu Dong Xiao
Published: May 2011

The mid-long term electric load forecasting provide essential data for the grid planning, it is helpful to optimize the planning of the power system. According to such features in mid-long term forecasting as small samples, poor information, uncertainty and nonlinearity, we can use the verhulst model in the grey system to do the forecasting. But in thinking of the differences of the sampling and the variations of the original sequence, the verhulst can’t do the forecasting exactly. So, through the method of doing equal-interval quantization and reforming the background value to the original sequence, we have established the improved verhulst model. The improved model is applied to the electric load prediction of one district and the accuracy of the min-long term load forecasting can be enhanced by our model.
Application Prospect and Advantages of Power Supply System Based on 20kV Power Distribution Network and Microgrid in China
Authors: Wang Zhao Kun , Huang Yu Xiang , Yi Jun , Lai Ming Yong
Published: May 2011

In view of high-load density, abundant in wind power and solar energy resources and well-developed areas in the southeastern coastal areas of China, A great number of power system planning problems have emerged. This paper first analyzes the limitations of electric power supply with 10kV voltage level and the advantages of using 20 kV voltage level in distribution network, and then it introduces the status and disadvantages of regenerative energy power to be incorporated into the large grid along the southeast coast of China at present. Finally it is discussed that the advantages of establishing the power supply system based on 20kV power distribution network and Microgrid according to the new resources distribution and the existing problems of medium voltage power distribution in southeast China.
STATCOM Based on Cascade Multilevel Inverter
Authors: Zhang Jun Li
Published: May 2011

Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) using the voltage source inverter (VSI) has been widely accepted as the current generation of the reactive power regulators of power system, improving the network steady-state and dynamic performances, regulates power factor, reduces losses and allows higher power flows in the exist line, assists in the post-fault recovery of transmission system. The cascade inverter not only can eliminate the bulky transformers compared with the conventional STATCOM, but also employ a sinusoid pulse width modular scheme: phase-shift. The use of the feedback linearization approach to design nonlinear controllers of power inverters is particularly interesting because it transforms a nonlinear system into a linear one in terms of its input–output relationship. Partial linearization may still be useful in some cases providing that the internal zero dynamics exhibit a proper transient performance.
A Software Evolution Process Model under the Circumstances of Cloud Computing
Authors: Wang Jian , Zhao Na , You Jin Guo , Li Ling Yu , Zhao Lei
Published: May 2011

With the wide spread of cloud computing technologies, we assume that increasing amount of attentions will be given to the area of software evolution processes in the context of cloud computing environments. Some major problems we are here facing now include: What kind of process a software evolution model under the circumstances of cloud computing must possess What properties a software process must have as an attribute in order to effectively support the software evolution How to modeling a process in the context of software evolution While aiming to solve these mentioned problems, we focused our research on establishing a software evolution process model with independent functions as a component. In this article, the detailed discussion of our thoughts has been given and the in-depth analysis of our model is shown. Through a realistic case to which this model is applied, we concluded that our model provided the software evolution process with an effective support under the circumstances of cloud computing.
The Performance Analysis on a Software Evolution Process Model under the Circumstances of Cloud Computing
Authors: Wang Jian , Zhao Na , Xie Zhong Wen , Yu Qian , Liu Jin Zhuo
Published: May 2011

While cloud computing related technologies are gaining increasing amount of popularities nowadays, we are focusing our resent research on the aspects of software evolution processes under the environments of cloud computing. During our pervious research, we have proposed SEPUCCC, a software evolution process prototype under the circumstancees of cloud computing. In this article, we are going to have a further disscussion on SEPUCCC by giving it’s in-depth performance analysis, by which the model’s abilities, the abilities to supporting the evolution process under the circumstances of cloud computing as well as reducing the cost of process improvemnet, was demomstrated.
Monte Carlo Simulation of Flexible Multibody System with Uncertainties
Authors: Pi Ting , Zhang Yun Qing
Published: May 2011

Practical mechanical systems often contain several flexible components and uncertain parameters which makes it hard to predict the system behavior and performance exactly. This research presents the uncertainty analysis of flexible multibody systems with random variables. Absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF), which is different from the traditional finite element method, is employed to model the flexibility here. Monte Carlo method is successfully used to simulate flexible multibody systems of index-3. The method proposed is demonstrated by an example of flexible slider-crank mechanism.