bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Poet-Prophet: Stages of Identity Creation in "Cortège"by Guillaume Apollinaire
Authors: Robu Cristina
Published: December 2023

The theme of prophecy and the rapprochement between the poet and the prophet are present in a large number of texts by Guillaume Apollinaire. We analyze here the poem “Cortège”, immersion in a long fragmented walk which stages the physical and identity construction of the lyrical character through the others, while multiplying the references to the Christic journey. It is here the physical, material encounter with the other that serves to validate the poet's own existence and his creation by attributing demiurgic powers to him. These materialize in the creative act and the author becomes a prophet through his art, accomplishing the transposition, in the form of a poem, of the world he perceives through his five senses. To discover this perception of creation which passes through the construction of oneself and the discovery of the world, we wish to analyze in this article the stages of the creation of the identity of the "I" / "You" / "Guillaume" in the poem "Cortège" and demonstrate that this creation can be seen as the mimesis of the initiatory and prophetic journey.
Creangă and Literary Criticism in Bessarabia
Authors: Costin Iraida
Published: December 2023

The retrospective of criticism, i.e. a criticism of criticism, is necessary in order to record, identify, become aware of both its intellectual and methodological level and the state of our prose at different stages of evolution. The "misery and splendour" of literary criticism is tested, first of all, in and through the hermeneutical approach/examination/interpretation of Eminescu's or Creanga's work. In keeping with the custom of these types of work, we propose an attempt to synthesize the history of an investigative problem with a defective past sometimes, other times extraordinarily difficult and complex. For the purpose of minimum specification of our metacritical dissociations, we could distinguish, in the reception of Creanga's work in Bessarabia, three stages, difficult to mark, in temporary terms, exactly (years, decades). Critics have tried to show that it is precisely orality, paramiological erudition, the instinctive brilliant sense of language and popular ethos, the pleasure of storytelling, that constitute the sure landmarks of an incontestable narrative model - Creanga. Creanga's model (the storyteller's way of thinking about the world and people) in our literature, whether modernist or postmodernist, has fully contributed to the reshaping of the thinking and feeling of the Romanian prose writer, to the reshaping of models and fashions over more than a century, also the Ion Creanga model has a decisive impact in the Bessarabian prose in affirming a dialogue of texts.
The Motif of the "Pact with the Devil" In the Artistic Works of T.A. Hoffmann, N.V. Gogol, M.A. Bulgakov
Authors: Niculcea Ecaterina
Published: December 2023

The idea of a pact with the devil, originating in medieval theological papers, became new impulses in the literature. The pact with Satan in the works of E. T. A. Hoffman, N. V. Gogol, M. A. Bulgakov received a new reading. These writers, combining theological ideas about magic and witchcraft, ancient superstitions, elements of hagiographic and ascetic literature, folklore tradition create original works in which the conclusion of an agreement with the forces of evil occupies a key place, because with its help the connection between ontological planes „unreal” and “real” is established. The splitting of the monolithic picture of the world and the creation of an ontological binary system is due to the artistic concept of the writers, which has its origins in their worldview. Despite the differences in the historical and national context within which the poetics of the authors under study were formed, they are united by the duality of the picture of the world, in which, reinforced by the tragicomic register, the rejection of socio-political structures, as well as the cultural and aesthetic values of their time was expressed. It is this two-world-structure that forms the originality of the poetics of Hoffman, Gogol, and Bulgakov.
Translating the Untranslatable: On the Transfer Processes into French of Romanian Culturally-Bound Words
Authors: Gradinaru Angela
Published: December 2023

The article represents an analysis of the difficulties and procedures of translating Romanian words with cultural connotations into French. At the heart of this problem is the concept of "untranslatability", where certain words cannot be directly translated because they carry meanings specific to a culture. The difficulties in translating these words are determined by both linguistic untranslatability (differences between the source language and the target language) and cultural untranslatability (differences between the source culture and the target culture). Examples of linguistic untranslatability would be the cultural terms that denote Moldovan holidays and customs. The corpus under inquiry consists of culturemes extracted from articles available on tourist websites: "virtualtur.md", "moldovenii.md", "moldavie.fr". The study examines different transfer processes used in translating these words, highlighting how translators face challenges related to cultural sensitivities. They resort to various procedures such as transliteration, borrowing, calque, contextual explanation or the use of a cultural equivalent in the target language to reproduce the original connotations as faithfully as possible. The research also looks at how these transfer processes can affect the quality and authenticity of the translation, highlighting the difficulties encountered in finding a balance between semantic fidelity and adaptation to the cultural context of the target language. Words with cultural connotations can be conveyed through a process of creative adaptation rather than a literal translation.
Translation as a Means of Intercultural Communication
Authors: Lifari Viorica
Published: December 2023

Translation is considered to be the most economical type of intercultural communication. This idea is announced by Monica Năstase, a Romanian researcher who investigated the difficulty of translating realia words from Romanian into English. Realia are words and expressions for culture-specific items. As realia carry a very local overtone, they often represent a challenge for translators. They are born in popular culture, and are increasingly found in very diverse kinds of texts. In this paper we discuss the translation variants of such realia words as “colac”, “ie”, “mămăligă”, “horă” and “dor” from Romanian into English as they represent translatable lacunas and the interpreter has to be very accurate in transposing them into another language. At the same time we concentrate on the ways of rendering word combinations containing „privacy” lexeme in English, a value which is typical to the English and American cultures, and analyse variants of these realia words translated into Romanian.
On the Christhood of Literature. Pretexts and Subtexts of Reflexivity.
Authors: Vicol Dragos , Popovici Valentina Andreea
Published: December 2023

After the end of the Second World War, concurrently with the massive arrests of intellectuals, the imposition of false notions and generally valid atheistic behavior, literature--and especially Romanian prose--faced a harsh ideological regulation, being given "major objectives" of combating the bourgeois-landlord scourge, on the one hand, and glorifying the unshakable alliance between the worker and the Soviet farm-worker on the other. Any deviation was severely rebuked from the very beginning, the literary censorship and political propagandists of the proletarian ideology would despotically control every sketch, story, short story, novel (alongside with their authors). Under such conditions, the theorization of the narrative model of the prose writer Fănuș Neagu can outline a critical synthesis image of the entire Romanian post-war prose--or of a spectrum as wide as possible--the lasting element of which is lyricism, as the main feature of the Romanian novel of that period, an epic species nourished artistically from the balladesque tradition of the folk literature, on the one hand, and from the "taking over" from and "fitting" to the narrative techniques of European literature, especially the French one as well. The rise in Romanian literature of Fănuş Neagu symbolized the "necessary adjustment" (Eugen Simion), the illustrious revenge in front of the totalitarian stigma, just as the debut of Ion Druţă in the ankylosing landscape of Bessarabian literature meant the proof of firm qualities of deep renewal of the undisguised epic, definitively abandoning the straitjacket of communist ideology. Fănuş Neagu, as Ion Druță, abolished the "ideological front", "unslaved" the post-war prose and removed the rigid dogmatic barriers.
Features of the Performing Style of Bass Guitarist Paul McCartney (based Examples of hi performance)
Authors: Vitiuc Alexandr
Published: December 2023

This article explores the features of the performance style of the English composer and bass player Paul McCartney. Of particular interest is the musician's choice of the first Höfner 500/1 Violin Bass. It is noted that this decision was due to practical considerations, in particular, the shape of the instrument had a symmetrical body. The scale and the distance between the strings were close to those of an electric guitar, which made it possible to play with a mediator (plector) technique. In addition, the use of the Höfner 500/1 Violin Bass bass guitar allowed P. McCartney to get a special sustain and characteristic sound attack, in comparison with bass instruments from other companies. The author analyzes the bass parts of P. McCartney in the works I Saw Her Standing There and Please Please Me. Particular attention is paid to the musician's commitment to a clear and accentuated performance of the bass canvas, based on the bass riff or the main sound of the chord. An important aspect of the instrumental lines is the absence of pauses, emphasizing the density of the musical fabric. The practical application of mediator technique allows P. McCartney to perform works in a more rigid and aggressive manner. The key element is the ornamentation of the bass part with the help of rare grace notes and glissando, which contributes to the activation of the metro-rhythmic basis, demonstrating the nature of the performed works. Thanks to the original manner of performance, the musician manages to transform the bass guitar from an auxiliary instrument into an independent one, revealing its performing and expressive potential. At the same time, most of the bass parts created by P. McCartney are studied in music educational establishments around the world, thereby emphasizing the musician's contribution to the development of bass guitar performance.
Investigation of the Mediator Role of Authenticity Between Emotional Intelligence and Resilience Levels of University Students
Authors: AKYIL Yusuf
Published: December 2023

This study examined the mediating effect of authenticity on the relationship between emotional intelligence and university students' resilience levels. While the concept of emotional intelligence is explained as the ability to control and manage emotions, resilience is defined as coping with negative situations and staying psychologically sound, and authenticity is the state of being original. The sample of the study consists of a total of 419 university students, 317 girls and 102 boys, aged between 18 and 25. Emotional Intelligence Trait Scale-Short Form, Short Psychological Resilience Scale, and Authenticity Scale were used as data collection tools. Data were analyzed with Pearson product-moment correlation, Confirmatory factor analysis, and Structural equation modeling. The results obtained from the study showed that there were positive significant relationships between emotional intelligence and resilience, emotional intelligence and authenticity, and authenticity. After this analysis, the mediating effect of authenticity between emotional intelligence and psychological resilience was examined. In addition, it was concluded that authenticity has a partial mediating effect between emotional intelligence and psychological resilience.
Analysis of the English Language Needs of Grade 12 Learners in Lebanon
Authors: ALJAAFİL Eslam , BEYHAN Ömer
Published: December 2023

This research investigates the language needs of Grade 12 English Second Language Learners (ESL) in Lebanese public schools, aiming to identify gaps between the curriculum and student requirements. Employing a qualitative case study approach, using document analysis, interviews, and questionnaires, the study reveals critical shortcomings within the Lebanese English curriculum. Findings indicate widespread dissatisfaction among both teachers and students with the curriculum, highlighting significant gaps and inconsistencies between ministry objectives and practical implementation. The curriculum fails to resonate with students' real-life experiences, resulting in disinterest and boredom. Outdated teaching methodologies, a disparity between public and private schools, and an emphasis on exam-oriented learning limit students' exposure to effective learning techniques. Recommendations include increasing English lesson frequency, assessing students' reading levels, incorporating diverse reading strategies, providing more reading materials, and integrating technology into teaching. Suggestions also advocate for authentic materials exposure to enhance language skills. Both teachers and students emphasize the urgent need for an updated curriculum emphasizing real-world application, critical thinking, and interactive learning. Addressing these concerns is crucial to delivering a more effective English language education aligning with students' contemporary needs and preparing them for future academic and practical endeavors.
SCREENING OF ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF ARKAMANASHILADI TAILAM-AN IN-VITRO STUDY
Authors: Divakaran Mrudula
Published: December 2023

Superficial fungal infections are prevalent worldwide. Itching is one of the predominant symptoms in fungal infections, and the chances of reoccurrence are on the rise even after different therapeutic interventions in modern medicine. Physicians find it difficult to manage these infections due to drug resistance and adverse effects. There is a need for an effective intervention that can bridge the gap in conventional medicine. Ayurveda, one of the ancient known medicines, provides time-tested solutions for fungal infections. Arkamanashiladi tailam is is one time tested formulation indicated in Kushta (skin diease), Kandu (itching) by the text Chakradatha. This indicates its efficacy against itchy skin diseases like fungal infections. Arkamanashiladi Tailam is prepared with ingredients Arka Patra Swarasa (Calotropis gigantea Linn.), Katu tailam (essential oil of seeds of Brassica campestris) Shoditha Manashila (Realgar) and Haridra (Curcuma longa Linn.) with Katu tailam (mustard oil) base. This study carried out against five fungal species Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Microsporum gypseum, Epidermophyton floccosum,and Trycophyton rubrum. Katu tailam, Arkamanashiladi tailam test samples as trial samples and Fluconazole as standard drug sample anti fungal study carried out with agar well diffusion and disk diffusion method. It was found that Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis showed significant sensitivity towards Arkamanashiladi tailam.
AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS – A CASE REPORT
Authors: Mantha Uma , K Ravali , Madikonda Praveen , Johar B
Published: December 2023

Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) belongs to the group of spondyloarthropathies (SpAs) and is one of the common rheumatic diseases. It is characterized by inflammatory stiffening of the spine, affecting the cartilaginous joints, sacroiliac joints and the axial skeleton. There are several treatments available in bio - medicine for this disorder such as the NSAIDS (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) Glucocorticoids, Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs), immunosuppression therapies. In these instances, several Panchakarma procedures have shown to be beneficial. The Ayurvedic method aims to reduce disability while easing symptoms. There is no direct reference to the disease in Ayurveda. AS can be compared to some extent with Ama vata, or Gambhira vatarakta, or Asthi-majjagata vata, but based on the clinical picture, and Amavata Chikitsa can be planned. Here we discuss case of 23 years old male patient diagnosed with HLA-B27 positive that was effectively treated with Panchakarma for a period of 3 months.
Geographical indication differentiation to traditional medicinal and aromatic plants used in ayurvedic medicines for reputation and recognition of their superior pharmaceutical quality, clinical efficacy and economic value
Authors: Pandit Ram , Upadhyaya Ashwani , Gupta Chandni
Published: December 2023

Background: Traditional knowledge is essentially important for the health of millions of people in developing countries. India stands as the largest producer of medicinal plants. Medicinal plants described in Ayurvedic classics are traditional medicinal plants (TMAPs). TMAPs, their traditional geographical origin (TGO), their pharmaceutical qualities, and their clinical effects are interdependent entities. Presently, Ayurvedic medicines are in a pharmaceutical quality crisis therefore their clinical efficacy is not sustained. Geographical indication (GI) is a globally exercised intellectual property right (IPR). It has an impact on the trade of Ayurvedic medicines. GI differentiation to TMAPs used in Ayurvedic medicines is the need of time. Aim: Enlighten the scope of GI differentiation to TMAPs used in Ayurvedic medicines for reputation and recognition of their superior pharmaceutical quality, clinical efficacy and economic value. Method: Literature searches on the electronic online databases are carried done for the study. Result: TGO of TMAPs having special medicative health are eligible for enrollment and conservation under the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999 in India. Some 30 TMAPs have received GI certification in India. The Chinese concept of geo-authentic botanicals (GAB) and the European concept of designation of origin (DO) and appellation of origin (AO) are special classes of GI. Conclusion: GI responsibly promotes TMAPs internationally and globally. GAB is superior to other pharmaceutical qualities. Better the pharmaceutical qualities of TMAPs better are the clinical effect of Ayurvedic medicines. GI doubles the monetary standard of the product. It also protects the herbal landraces and prevents the risk of losing TMAPs uniqueness.
Retrospective Analysis of Ayurvedic dietary modalities in Improving mental wellbeing & Satisfaction with food-related life in COVID-19 Patients.
Authors: Rajan Sujata , Munjal Yogita , Shamkuwar Manoj , Jinda Nitin , Tanwar Ankur , Manchanda Raj
Published: December 2023

Background: Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, has advocated certain dietary modifications based on Ayurveda principles as immune boosters during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper aims to measure these changes in participants' satisfaction with food life (SWFL) and mental well-being.
Method: The recommended diet was specially prepared in the kitchen of the institution for serving the COVID-19 study participants. Their mental well-being and food satisfaction were measured using validated scales, namely Satisfaction With Food-related Life(SWFL) and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scales(WEMWS).
Result: The modified diet was served to 68 study participants admitted from 02 May 2020 to 10 June 2020. Statistically significant positive results were noted in respect of SWFL, WEMWS parameters.
Conclusion: These dietary modifications were found acceptable and showed a positive impact on satisfaction with food-related life and mental well-being on COVID-19 study participants; further comparative studies are desirable to ascertain its effectiveness.
Effects of performing microsurgery on fine motor skills and sensation of the hand
Authors: Yildiran Gokce , Demirtas Sare , Erkol Erden , Tosun Zekeriya
Published: December 2023

Training can help improve both the sensory and motor functions because of neuroplasticity of the nervous system. A study on the improvement of fine motor and sensory functions of the hand in microsurgery has not been found in the available literature. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in sensory and motor abilities caused by exposure to microsurgery.
Surgeons were divided into two groups: The group of microsurgeons (MS) and the group of surgeons not performing microsurgery (NMS). The MS group was also divided into two groups: MS –J (junior microsurgeon), who have been performing microsurgery for less than 15 years, and MS –S (senior microsurgeon), who have been performing microsurgery for 15 years or more. Age, sex, dominant hand, presence of concomitant diseases, and hobbies of each surgeon were recorded. The Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test, the 9-hole peg test, and the McKinnon static 2-point discrimination tests were performed on all surgeons.
The static 2-point discrimination tests on the index and ring fingers of the MS group were found to be statistically better than those of the NMS group (p < 0.05).
When comparing the Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test, the results of the thumb, index, ring and little fingers in the MS -J group were significantly better than those of the MS -S group.
Although microsurgery improves sensation in the second and fourth fingers, this is more evident among younger microsurgeons.
A Bleeding Breast Nodule: Lymphomatoid Papulosis- An Unusual Pathology
Authors: Desai Ansumi , Rege Sameer
Published: December 2023

This case report elucidates the presentation of a 17-year-old female who sought medical intervention due to an emergent, bleeding, nodular lesion on her left breast. This erythematous, exophytic manifestation, devoid of other accompanying symptoms or abnormalities in either the ipsilateral or contralateral breast and axilla, necessitated an excisional biopsy following unsuccessful conservative management. Histopathological evaluation identified the lesion as lymphomatoid papulosis (LP), a rare dermatological condition that, while benign, mimics the histological characteristics of malignant lymphomas. The distinctiveness of this case lies in the uncharacteristic de-novo presentation of LP, which traditionally manifests as a recurrent crop of pruritic papules predominantly in middle-aged females. The pathophysiology and spontaneous regression of LP remain largely enigmatic, though the interplay between CD30 and its ligand, leading to apoptosis of neoplastic T cells, is postulated. The therapeutic arsenal for LP is diverse, ranging from conservative management to chemotherapy and phototherapy. In circumstances where spontaneous resolution remains elusive within a period of 4-12 weeks, surgical excision is a viable consideration. For this case, given the intractable bleeding and the lesion's location, excision was carried out with a 1 cm margin, serving both symptomatic and aesthetic purposes. The absence of recurrence after a 2-year follow-up suggests that a 1 cm surgical margin may be adequate in analogous situations. However, further research is required to ascertain the most effective therapeutic approach for managing LP.
Diagnosis and Management of Post Renal Transplant Erythrocytosis, a Case Report
Authors: Suastika Ngakan , Suega Ketut
Published: December 2023

A 27-year-old male was referred to the hematology polyclinic with complaints of dizziness that had been felt since the previous month. The patient had a history of end-stage renal disease and underwent a successful right kidney transplant nine months previously. Examination of the complete blood count (CBC) showed an increase in hemoglobin levels (17.88 g/dL) and hematocrit (60.14%). The patient was diagnosed with post-transplant erythrocytosis (PTE) based on persistent erythrocytosis and exclusion of other causes of erythrocytosis. Treatment with a combination of phlebotomy and ACE inhibitors can achieve the expected hemoglobin and hematocrit targets.
Prescription pattern and utilization of crystalloid intravenous fluids in inpatient pediatric department in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Balasubramanian Ashwin , Khandelwal Prakash , Kamale Vijay
Published: December 2023

Background: Crystalloid intravenous fluids (IVFs) are the mainstay method to maintain homeostasis when a child is unable to uptake the necessary fluids and electrolytes. Recent literature describes the context-dependent use of IVFs, which should be prescribed, ordered, dosed, and delivered like any other drug as they have adverse effects just like drugs.

Aims and Objectives: To study the utilization, identify adverse drug reactions (ADRs), conduct cost minimization analysis, and check the appropriateness of the crystalloid IVFs prescribed in the inpatient pediatric department.

Materials and Methods: Data were collected prospectively from 240 children aged 2 months to 18 years requiring maintenance IVFs in the inpatient pediatric department from August 2021 to December 2022. Children with known cardiac or renal disorders and those refusing to give consent or assent were excluded from the study. Demofigureic details, clinical profile, details of IVF, including type, cost, and treatment outcome, were recorded. ADRs reported were also analyzed.

Results: In this study, the most common diseases were respiratory illnesses (20.42%), pyrexias (17.50%), central nervous system disorders (17.50%), gastrointestinal disorders (10.83%), and poisoning (10%). The average days of admission were 5.15 days. Dextrose-Normal Saline (DNS) was prescribed 77.57% of the time, Normal Saline (NS) 17.97% of the time, and Ringer’s Lactate (RL) 4.47% of the time. ADRs were encountered in 2.5% of cases.

Conclusion: The prescribed pattern was in accordance with the AAP guidelines. DNS was most commonly prescribed, whereas RL was more commonly prescribed in acute gastroenteritis. The cost minimization showed that the crystalloid IVF cost can be lowered by 46.32%.
Yabancı Dil Öğretiminde Makine Çevirisi Kullanımı: Yabancı Dil Eğitmenlerinin Görüşleri Üzerine Görgül Bir Çalışma
Authors: DOLMACİ Maide , BALKUL Halil İbrahim
Published: December 2023

İnsanlığın doğuşundan günümüze kadar çeviri oldukça önemli ve her şeyi kapsayan bir role sahip olmuştur. Gelişen teknoloji ile birlikte çeviri alanında da büyük değişiklikler meydana gelmiştir. Bu sayede eğitim sektörü başta olmak üzere özellikle yabancı dil öğretiminde makine çevirisinin (MÇ) önemi ve alana katkısı artış göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada, hazırlık sınıflarında yabancı dil öğretiminde öğrencilerin makine çevirisi (MÇ) kullanımı ele alınacaktır. Makine çevirisi yabancı dil öğretiminde daha yeni kullanılıyor gibi gözükse de, aslında uzun zamandır yabancı dil öğrenimi ve öğretiminin bir bileşeni olarak yer almaktadır. Bu araştırmada, önceki literatür verileri ışığında, dil eğitmenleri ile gerçekleştirilecek olan yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmelerde öğrencilerin yabancı dil öğrenirken makine çevirisinden yararlanıp yararlanmadıkları, yararlanıyorlar ise en çok hangi dil yeteneklerini geliştirmek için yararlandıkları tespit edilecektir. Ayrıca, makine çevirisinin dil yeteneklerinin gelişiminde ne düzeyde katkıda bulunduğu ve hangi etkinliklerde makine çevirisi araçlarının kullanıldığı araştırılacaktır. Sonrasında bu bağlamda eksikliklerin incelenerek sınırlılıkların neler olduğu tespit edilecektir. Bu çalışmada, makine çevirisinin yabancı dil öğretiminde geçmişten günümüze kadar hangi konumda yer aldığını ve yabancı dil öğretiminde eğitmenlerin makine çevirisine karşı tutumlarını öğrenmeyi hedeflemekteyiz. Araştırmanın veri toplama yöntemi nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmelerdir ve görüşmelerin ardından veriler içerik analizi yöntemi ile temalara ayrılıp analiz edilecektir. Çalışma, makine çevirisi (MÇ) ile yabancı dil öğrenimi ve öğretimi konu başlıklarını kapsamaktadır ve bu bağlamda disiplinler arası bir araştırmadır. Çalışmadan elde edilen verilerin konu ile ilgili yapılacak ileriki araştırmalara ışık tutması hedeflenmektedir.
Mısırlı Yazar Necîb Mahfûz’un Romanlarının İngilizce Ara Dil Kullanılarak Yapılan Çevirilerinde Argo İfadeler, Deyimler ve Özel Adların Çevirisi Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: CAN Betül
Published: December 2023

Edebî çeviri, edebî metinlerin, hedef dilde de aynı anlamı ve üslûbu koruyacak şekilde, eş değer kelimelerle ve kültürel kayıplara yol açmadan aktarıldığı bir çevirmenlik dalıdır. Bu çeviri türünde, içerikle birlikte öncelikle çevrilecek metnin biçim, üslûp, sözcük, ses, söz dizimi gibi bütün dil bilgisel örgüsünün aktarılması gerekmektedir.

Edebî çeviri sürecinde kaynak dil ile hedef dil arasındaki farklılıklardan kaynaklı bazı çeviri kayıpları ortaya çıkmaktadır. Eş değerliğin tam sağlanamaması, kültürel unsurlar, verilmek istenen mesajın doğru anlaşılamaması ve çevirmen tercihleri gibi unsurlar bu kayıplardan bazılarını oluşturmaktadır. Ara dilden yapılan çeviriler de söz konusu kayıplara yol açan bir başka husustur.

Yabancı dilden çevirisi yapılmak istenen metin, doğrudan kaynak dilden hedef dile aktarılabildiği gibi ara dil kullanılarak da hedef dile aktarılabilmektedir. Kuşkusuz bu durum, doğrudan kaynak dilden hedef dile yapılan çevirilere kıyasla dil, anlatım biçimi ve içerik açısından daha fazla kayba yol açacaktır.

Bu çalışmada Arapçadan Türkçeye ara dil kullanılarak yapılan çevirilerden bazı örnekler sunularak kaynak metinden hedef metne ulaşana dek yaşanan kayıplara dikkat çekilmek istenmiştir.

Çalışmada Nobel Edebiyat Ödüllü Mısırlı yazar Necîb Mahfûz’un dört farklı romanının, İngilizce ara dil kullanılarak Türkçeye aktarılmış olan çevirileri ele alınmış, kaynak dille ve -varsa- Arapça aslından tercüme edilen örnekleri ile karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenip değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmaya dâhil edilen romanlar; “Efrâhu’l-Kubbe”, “el-Lıss ve’l-Kilâb”, “el-Kahire el-Cedîde” ve “Yevme Kutile’z-Za‘îm”’dir. Romanlar, argo ifadelerin çevirisi; deyim, atasözü ve kültürel ifadelerin çevirisi ile özel adların çevirisi olmak üzere üç başlık altında ele alınmıştır.
PNEUMATIC BIKE WITH COMPRESSED AIR ENGINE
Authors: R AZHAGARSAMY
Published: December 2023

At first glance the idea of running an engine on air seems to be too good to be true. Actually, if we can make use of air as an aid for running an engine it is a fantastic idea. As we all know, air is all around us, it never runs out, it is non-polluting and it is free. An air driven engine makes use of compressed air technology for its operation. Compressed air technology is now widely preferred for research by different industries for developing different drives for different purposes. The compressed air technology is quite simple. If we compress normal air into a cylinder the air would hold some energy within it. This energy can be utilized for useful purposes. When this compressed air expands, the energy is released to do work. So this energy in compressed air can also be utilized to displace a piston. This is the basic working principle of the air driven engine. It uses the expansion of compressed air to drive the pistons of the engine. So an air driven engine is basically a pneumatic actuator that creates useful work by expanding compressed air. This work provided by the air is utilized to supply power to the crankshaft of the engine. In the case of an air driven engine, there is no combustion taking place within the engine. So it is non- polluting and less dangerous. It requires lighter metal only since it does not have to withstand elevated temperatures.
PREVENTION OF RODENT ATTACK ON TERTIARY PACKAGE AT STORAGE LEVEL
Authors: R AZHAGARSAMY
Published: December 2023

Packaging is the science, art and technology of enclosing or protecting products for distribution, storage, sale, and use. Theses packaging are done at three levels they are namely primary, secondary and tertiary. Tertiary packaging is a type of wrapping which protects the manufactured products. It is used to smooth the progress of the transport and safe handling of goods. The synthetic polymer is best suitable for packaging as they are having good strength properties. It is selected for packaging application based on their grade of suitability and recyclability towards product. The production of film for tertiary pack at storage level is mainly focused on availability and process capabilities. The problem mostly arises in the case of tertiary packaging sector where the goods are packed and stored at warehouse. The synthesis of film was carried out by blending linear low density polyethylene and essential oil as a plasticizer through solvent casting method. The synthesis is accomplished by formulating the elements certain percentage toproduce film suitable for packaging. Thereafter testing was carried out and found that elongation has improvedfor LLDPE blends at a rate of 65.6% than LLDPE. The tensile strength was found to be reduced in LLDPE blends with value of 1.60Mpa. The contact angle was measured and it was found that the LLDPE film produce hydrophobicity than LLDPE with an increase of 3%. The UV spectroscopy was also measured and it was found that LLDPE blend film gave a translucent effect. The rodent test was also carried out and LLDPE film tends to repel them. Thus the LLDPE blends are made suitable for tertiary package.
IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE CHALLENGES AND BARRIERS IN ADOPTING GREEN BUILDING MATERIALS
Authors:   Associate Professor, BMS School of Architecture, Bengaluru, Shivakumar Gayathri S , K P Vidya Vijay ,   Associate Professor, BMS School of Architecture, Bengaluru, Malpani Pooja S ,   Associate Professor, BMS School of Architecture, Bengaluru
Published: December 2023

The adoption of green building materials faces various challenges and barriers, hindering their widespread use in the construction industry. Identifying and analysing these challenges is crucial for developing strategies to overcome them.
Border Surveillance System
Authors:   Department of Computer Science Engineering, G.S.Moze College of Engineering,  Balewadi, Pune-411045, India, Bhosale Prof. Ashvini
Published: December 2023

Border surveillance is the most important task in the field of national defense and security. To maintain peace and to ensure safety of a country’s people, the borders need to be kept under 24/7 monitoring. Especially, under current circumstances, when activities like terrorist infiltrations and illegal movement of both living as well as non-living beings have become common, it becomes of utmost importance to strictly protect the border areas against such activities Keywords: Border surveillance, monitoring, infiltrations
Google Adwords- Fundamentals & Importance
Authors:   Department of Management Studies, Bangalore Integrated Management Academy, Bangalore, N.S Swapna
Published: December 2023

Digital Marketing is winning the hearts of both businesses and customers in India. A business uses Digital Marketing for competitive advantage and customers prefer the same because it is handy. There are several companies in India that are successfully running Digital advertising campaigns as their marketing strategy. When we speak of Digital advertising, Google AdWords takes the first line. Google AdWords is an advertising service provided by Google for a business that wants to display ads on Google and its advertising network. The AdWord programs run with budget and keywords. This study shows the detailed know-how of Google Adwords& and Keywords. It also explains how Google AdWords can be used to improve the brand image of any company. Keywords: Digital Marketing, Google AdWords and Keywords
Evolution of Landscape Architecture and Urban Design discourse in B.Arch. Schools, India
Authors:   BMS School of Architecture, Yelahanka, BLR -64, Gupta Shweta , Cherian Renjin ,   BMS School of Architecture, Yelahanka, BLR -64
Published: December 2023

Architectural Discourse in a typical B.Arch. program across architecture schools in India was dominated by the “Star Architect”, for the most part in post independence India. It probably continues to do so in many schools or is at least an inherent thinking block in the minds of most young architects. However there are many compartments that post independent India can be categorised into, depending on the location and associated growth pattern. The late 90s to 2000s heralded a construction boom in the country, importing many building prototypes mainly from the western world. Landscape Architecture and Urban Design were more peripheral in this context, being limited to historical studies and as a secondary context to the architectural built form. Landscape Architecture was seen through a decorative lens, to be considered post finishing the construction of a building, as an afterthought, as mere decoration. On the other hand Urban Design was not necessarily taught even as an elective in many schools. It was found buried under the aegis of town planning, in very introductory formats in B.Arch. schools. At best it found a place in master’s programs trying to imagine the future India but tied to history in its thinking. Economic growth and associated development became the focus, further blurring boundaries of development, planning and design. Amongst the major centers of architectural training, the School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi, Centre for Environmental Planning and Technology (CEPT), Ahmedabad and Sir J J College of Architecture, Mumbai and many other schools in Mumbai, a certain shift in this viewing lens started to occur post liberalisation in the 1990s. Growth fuelled urbanisation and urban sprawl forced the focus on these disciplines at the bachelors study level also. This paper brings forth observations in these changes and how the viewing lens and discourse of these two disciplines now informs architectural education, particularly outside these centres of excellence. Key Words: Discourse, architectural education, viewing lens
Evaluating the Practical Viability of Aluminum-Air Batteries in Real-World Applications
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, Sharad Institute of Technology College of Engineering, Yadrav, Hussain Dr. K
Published: December 2023

The growing global population and petroleum use are contributing factors to serious environmental issues like climate change. Reducing dependency on petroleum can be achieved, for example, by producing big-capacity batteries that can be used in electrical applications. Because aluminum-air batteries have a theoretical energy density of 8.1 kWh kg1 , which is far higher than that of present lithium-ion batteries, they are considered promising for use in next-generation energy storage applications. An aluminum-air battery, which is a promising form of energy storage, uses aluminum as the anode and ambient air as the cathode. This abstract emphasizes the key characteristics of aluminum-air batteries while highlighting their potential advantages, challenges, and applications. These batteries appeal to a range of enterprises due to their high energy density, lightweight, and environmental friendliness. However, there are issues that need to be resolved, such as impediments to real-world deployment and short cycle times. Research to improve the performance and economic viability of aluminum-air batteries is underway, with a focus on uses in electric vehicles, portable gadgets, and renewable energy systems. This abstract provides a concise overview of this revolutionary energy storage technology with insights into its current state and potential. Key Words: Aluminum, Graphite, Non-toxic, Sodium Hydroxide, Eco- friendly, non-rechargeable.
HEART DISEASE PREDICTION USING MACHINE LEARNING
Authors:   MALLA REDDY UNIVERSITY, HYDERABAD, Kumar Prof. K. Senthil
Published: December 2023

Heart disease is a major cause of death worldwide, making early diagnosis and prevention essential. Predictive models have gained significant attention in recent years, with several algorithms being employed to develop these models. However, there are challenges in implementing heart disease prediction models, including data quality, model accuracy, ethical concerns, and limited data. Therefore, this project aims to develop a heart disease prediction model and analyse different algorithms used in disease prediction. In order to increase the predictive accuracy of machine learning algorithms, this study compares six algorithms, including KNN (K-Nearest Neighbour), Decision Tree, Random Forest, Support Vector Machines, Logistic Regression, and Neural Network. 13 attributes, including age, sex, and cholesterol, are used, and ensemble methods like boosting and bagging are used. The accuracy, recall, f1 score, and precision of each algorithm are calculated to determine the most accurate model. Additionally, this study identifies the limitations of heart disease prediction models and their implications for patient diagnosis and treatment, by developing and analysing heart disease prediction models. In conclusion, while heart disease prediction models have the potential to be financially feasible and be useful in the future, their current limitations and challenges mean that they cannot be relied upon as the sole means of diagnosis or treatment decisions Key Words: Heart Diseases, Machine Learning Algorithms, Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Decision Tree.
Preservation and Adaptive Reuse of Historical Buildings: Sustaining Heritage in the Modern Era
Authors:   BMS School of Architecture, Bengaluru, Kumar Ar. N. Sunil , Janardhan Ar. Jahnavi ,   LKSJR Developer pvt ltd, Bengaluru
Published: December 2023

Historical buildings stand as testaments to the rich tapestry of human history, architecture, and culture. The preservation and adaptive reuse of these structures have become crucial endeavors to safeguard heritage while addressing contemporary needs. This paper explores the significance of preservation, strategies employed in adaptive reuse, successful case studies, and the socio-economic and environmental impacts of these efforts. Key Words: Historical buildings, human history, heritage, preservation, adaptive reuse.
Social Housing - A Key Part of Past and Pandemic Impacts
Authors:   Architecture, BMS School Of Architecture, Jagdale Ar. Praneetha
Published: December 2023

This Social housing represents a crucial facet of social welfare policy and affordable housing provision, constituting over 28 million residences, accounting for approximately 6% of the total housing inventory in OECD and non-OECD EU nations. Considerable variations exist among countries regarding the definition, scale, extent, target demographic, and provider types within the realm of social housing. Although social mixing remains a primary goal in many countries' social housing sectors, there's a growing concentration of lower- income and vulnerable occupants, leading to a diminished diversity of income levels. This trend poses challenges to the economic viability of the sector, fostering an increased spatial clustering of poverty and disadvantage. The size of the social housing sector has dwindled in recent years in nearly all countries with available data, except for six, while the absolute count of social housing units has declined in just four countries with available data. This decline can be attributed, in part, to reduced public investment in housing stock. The pandemic has significantly disrupted construction, rendering it challenging for numerous households to afford shelter and adversely impacting the housing sector. Many countries have initiated substantial revitalization projects to enhance the quality of social dwellings and their surrounding neighborhoods, aiming to address persistent challenges associated with social housing, such as segregation. Policymakers must ensure that renovation efforts do not displace low-income households. Key Words: Social housing, OECD, crisis, response, Finance, Pandemic.
Enabling Real Estate Development: The Role of Housing Boards on a National & Global Scale
Authors:   BMS School of Architecture, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, M Ar. Vijaya Kumari
Published: December 2023

India, recognizing housing as a fundamental necessity, has grappled with deteriorating urban housing conditions driven by factors like rural-to-urban migration and rising construction costs. To address this challenge, the government initiated social housing programs during its third five-year plan, establishing housing boards and city development agencies at central and state levels. These entities aim to provide affordable housing solutions, slum rehabilitation, and urban renewal. Central and state housing boards collaborate to make housing accessible to those with limited resources. The paper presents case studies from states like West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, Chandigarh, and Gujarat, highlighting diverse strategies, including public-private partnerships, to address housing needs for various income groups. These partnerships aim to bridge the housing gap and promote urban development. However, challenges persist, particularly in achieving affordability and efficient delivery of housing. Singapore's Housing Development Board (HDB) model offers insights into the transformative potential of public housing in shaping the real estate landscape. Foreign investment and proactive improvements are crucial for India to replicate Singapore's success and ensure quality housing for all citizens. Key Words: Housing boards, affordable housing, Public- private partnerships, Urbanization
Inclusivity in Urban Development: The Gender Perspective
Authors: Kumari.M Ar.Vijaya
Published: December 2023

This comprehensive document explores the critical intersection of gender, development, and urban planning, emphasizing the need to integrate gender considerations into the development of urban areas. It recognizes that gender roles and inequalities significantly impact the lives of men and women in cities and aims to ensure that urban policies and projects address these disparities, fostering gender equality, inclusion, and sustainability. The document delves into multifaceted dimensions of gender, distinguishing between practical and strategic gender needs. It traces the evolution of gender development, highlighting the importance of mainstreaming gender considerations into development planning. Key indicators like the Gender Development Index (GDI) and Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM) are discussed as essential tools for assessing gender equity. The report also examines gender planning, emphasizing the need for gender-sensitive policies and addressing institutional concerns. It spotlights the Indian scenario, emphasizing the imperative of gender equality for national progress. Additionally, it discusses the increasing representation of women in Asian politics and the challenges they face. In conclusion, while progress is evident, challenges remain in achieving gender equality in urban environments. This document serves as a valuable resource for policymakers and stakeholders committed to creating more equitable and inclusive cities. Key Words: Gender Development, Gender Inequality, Gender Planning, Women's Empowerment