Biological activity of Melatonin and Some Unexpected Effects of Dynamization
Authors: Zhdanova Olga Borisovna , Vladimirovich RASSOKHIN Dmitri , Ivanovna OKULOVA Iraida , Vladimirovna Chasovskih Olga 
Published: August 2021

Melatonin was found in animals, plants and bacteria. In animals, it is a

hormone that anticipates the daily onset of darkness. In animals, melatonin is the hormone of regulation of the circadian rhythms and physiological functions such as sleep timing, blood pressure regulation, seasonal reproduction and many others. Melatonin is known to aid in reducing the effects of jet lag Melatonin appears also to have some use against the sleep problems of people who work rotating or night shifts. Melatonin has many protective properties, such as converting cholesterol to bile, preventing oxidative stress, may help reduce some types of headaches and protect against radiation-induces cellular damage. Melatonin in comparison to placebo is effective for reducing preoperative anxiety in adults when given as premedication. Melatonin may also reduce postoperative anxiety. It appears to cause few side-effects as tested in the short term, up to three months, at low doses. Two systematic reviews in 2005 and 2006 showed that there were no adverse effects of exogenous melatonin in several clinical trials and those comparative trials found that the adverse effects headaches, dizziness, nausea and drowsiness were reported about equally for both melatonin and placebo. Prolonged-release melatonin is safe with long-term use of up to 12 months. However, Â«naturalÂ» melatonin does not mean the best. Melatonin is made of the animal tissue can be contaminated with viruses or proteins that may be dangerous. Mad cow disease may cause changes in supplements made from animal brain tissue. One of the ways of adverse reaction elimination is applying a dynamicizing form of melatonin.

Materials and methods. Melatonin (Mel 3ch) was prepared and presented to us

with pleasure by Pralnilov A. I. The main aim of the study is to examine the influence of dynamicizing form of melatonin on hair structure in white

laboratory mice and rats, Chinese hamsters, 2 years old.

During the experiment the following tasks were solved:

1) To examine normal hair structure in white laboratory mice and rats, Chinese hamsters and to study the influence of dynamicizing form of melatonin on animal hair structure.

2) To examine animal behaviour and appearance

3)To estimate mice strength before and after taking

melatonin

White laboratory mice which belong to the vivarium of Kirov State Medical Academy and rats which belong to the vivarium of Kirov State Agricultural Academy are taking dynamicizing form of melatonin (mel-3CH) in the dose of 5 drops per 20 ml of water during 14 days. After two groups of the animals are organized: control group (7 animals) and the experimental group (7 animals). The experimental animals were injected subcutaneously in the interscapular region by melatonin-retard in the dose of 1 mg per 1 animal. In the control group, this drug is not injected. Hair is held on the subject glass in the 15 % solution NaOH during 5 min.

The first swimming of animals was conducted with the aim to randomize resistance to physical exercises of animals. Every male, one by one, is taken to cylinder with water d = 18 cm, h = 40 cm for free swimming. Temperature of water maintains is in the range 29-30 C.

Results. The investigation has shown that the hair structure,

fleece and activity of the rodents taking mel 3ch from the 5th to the 14th

days are being improved. The animal hair becomes bright, healthy and

thick. The microscopic examination showed perfect adhering of the cuticle to the cortical layer and that the bottom and the cortical layer had become

dense. In the control groups the hair remained faint and tousled. The

microscopic examination showed delamination of the cortical layer from the bottom and the cuticle; the bottom had broken structure. The study showed that white laboratory mice taking dynamicizing form of melatonin in the dose of 5 drops per 20 ml of water during 14 days had improved their hair structure and fleece quality. Compulsory swimming method confirmed that dynamicizing form of melatonin increased adaptability of the animals. The time of swimming was 2,5 times more in comparison with the control group.