bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Attention based Recurrent Neural Network for Nepali Text Summarization
Authors: Timalsina Bipin , Paudel Nawaraj , Shahi Tej Bahadur
Published: July 2022

Automatic text summarization has been a challenging topic in natural language processing (NLP) as it demands preserving important information while summarizing the large text into a summary. Extractive and abstractive text summarization are widely investigated approaches for text summarization. In extractive summarization, the important sentence from the large text is extracted and combined to create a summary whereas abstractive summarization creates a summary that is more focused on meaning, rather than content. Therefore, abstractive summarization gained more attention from researchers in the recent past. However, text summarization is still an untouched topic in the Nepali language. To this end, we proposed an abstractive text summarization for Nepali text. Here, we, first, create a Nepali text dataset by scraping Nepali news from the online news portals. Second, we design a deep learning-based text summarization model based on an encoder-decoder recurrent neural network with attention. More precisely, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) cells are used in the encoder and decoder layer. Third, we build nine different models by selecting various hyper-parameters such as the number of hidden layers and the number of nodes. Finally, we report the Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation (ROUGE) score for each model to evaluate their performance. Among nine different models created by adjusting different numbers of layers and hidden states, the model with a single-layer encoder and 256 hidden states outperformed all other models with F-Score values of 15.74, 3.29, and 15.21 for ROUGE-1 ROUGE-2 and ROUGE-L, respectively.
Novel: The Best Representation of Life
Authors: Sharma Kandel Bhanu Bhakta
Published: July 2022

The debate, whether literature (art) can represent reality and life well has not been concluded, coming to no universal validity, since the time of Plato. The critics and the connoisseurs of art vary in their arguments for and against, some argue that literature represents reality and life and others deny it. They value and judge literature according to their own taste and subjective impression, it is claimed not only to be realistic but also fantastic, the frenzy of human imagination. Despite all the assertions against it, most of the literary critics have accepted that literature is a representation of life, though Plato has expelled the poets from his well run republic. Modern criticism of English literature takes its major impetus from Henry James for he is the first critic who speaks about representation of reality and life in literature, in novel. He has given prominent status to novel with an argument that it represents life better and more faithfully than any other genre of literature. For the discussion of the representation of realty in literature, Henry James’ Art of Fiction has been taken into account and MLA VIII has been used for citing the works.
Nari Prescribes Stereotype Gender Roles
Authors: Sharma Bimala
Published: July 2022

This research article tries to focus on how Sarvottam Nari one of the print media of Kantipur Publications prescribes stereotypical gender roles to female. Kantipur Publications’ Sarvottam Nari dated Mangsir 2076 (Nov-December 2019) is chosen to study how it prescribes gender roles. A qualitative research methodology is employed to scrutinize the text. Though Kantipur Publications, in its Website ekantipur.com, asserts that “the company firmly believes in the people’s right to right information (Homepage) it is not disseminating the right information instead it allocates stereotype gender roles. It is restricting women to precise territories such as homemaking, child-caring, food preparing, body decorating, entertaining herself and her male counterpart. By allocating traditional roles to women, Nari, cannot transmit the right information and work as an instrument of the social transformation instead it works to disseminate the male mindset/ideology. Findings of the study prove that Nari (Nov-December 2019) has proposed, transmitted and reinforced patriarchal ideologies which restrict women in the four walls of house and prescribe the traditional gender roles
लोकतत्वका दृष्टिले कर्णालीका लोककथाको पर्यावलोकन
Authors: खनाल सुलोचना
Published: July 2022

यस लेखमा प्रथमत: लेखकको छोटो चिनारी दिई लोकसाहित्य अन्तर्गतको लोककथालाई स्पष्ट पार्ने काम गरिएको छ । त्यसपछि चर्चित लोकतत्त्वका आधारमा लोककथा विश्लेषणको ढाँचालाई सङ्केत गर्दै प्रस्तुत कर्णालीका लोककथाभित्रका लोककथाहरुलाई क्रमश: सङ्क्षेपमा विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । विश्लेषण गर्ने क्रममा लोककथाको मुख्य विषय र त्यहाँ प्रयोग भएको लोकतत्त्वलाई देखाइएको छ । कथाको अलग अलग विश्लेषणपछि कृतिको समग्र विश्लेषण गर्दै कृतिका परिसीमाहरुलाई पनि सङ्केत गरी अन्त्यमा निष्कर्ष प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । निष्कर्ष अनुसार यस सङ्ग्रहका लोककथामा मुख्यत: धर्मप्रतिको विश्वास, अतिकल्पना, आत्मशीलता, जादु र विभिन्न लोकविश्वासहरु नै लोकतत्त्वका रूपमा रहेका छन् र तिनले तद्देशीय भौतिक, सांस्कृतिक अनि जनसामान्यको मानसिकतालाई समेत सङ्केत गरेका छन् । यस शोधको सामग्रीको स्रोत पुस्तकालय हो भने विश्लेषण विधि मूलत: निगमनात्मक र अंशत: आगमनात्मक रहेको छ ।

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नेपाली व्याकरण शिक्षण प्रक्रियाको निरूपण
Authors: शर्मा विष्णुप्रसाद
Published: July 2022

नेपाली व्याकरण शिक्षण प्रक्रियाको निरूपण’ शीर्षकको प्रस्तुत अनुसन्धानमूलक लेख अनुसन्धाता स्वयम्द्वारा लिखित ‘स्नातक तहमा व्याकरण शिक्षण प्रक्रियाको अवस्था’ शीर्षकको लघु अनुसन्धान प्रतिवेदनको सङ्क्षिप्त एवम् परिमार्जित रूप हो । यस लेखमा स्नातक तहमा व्याकरण शिक्षण प्रक्रियाको अवस्था पहिल्याउने रउक्त शिक्षण प्रक्रिया स्नातक नेपाली शिक्षण निर्देशिका (२०६६) र स्नातक नेपाली पाठ्यक््रmम (२०६९) ले निर्देश गरेअनुसार रचनामुखी एवम् सम्पे्रषणात्मक किसिमले भए नभएको निरूपण गर्ने उद्देश्य राखिएको छ । यो लेख एकल सत्यमा आधारित गुणमात्रात्मक प्रकृतिको भएकाले यसका लागि कास्की जिल्लाका स्नातक तहमा अध्यापन गर्ने १० जना शिक्षक र उनीहरूका व्याकरण शिक्षणसँग सम्बन्धित १० वटा कक्षालाई नमुना जनसङ्ख्याका रूपमा लिई प्रश्नावली र कक्षा अवलोकन उपकरणका माध्यमबाट तथ्य सङ्कलन गरी रचनामुखी र सम्प्रेषणात्मक शिक्षण पद्धतिका आधारमा तथ्य विश्लेषणका साथै निष्कर्ष स्थापित गरिएको छ । तथ्याङ्क विश्लेषणका क्रममा तालिकीकरण, बारम्बारता, प्रतिशताङ्क जस्ता आधार एवम् साक्ष्यका साथ पूर्व अध्येतासँग संवाद गर्दै लेखकीय दृष्टिकोण प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । भाषातत्व अन्तर्गतका अक्षरसंरचना, वर्णविन्यास, पदवर्ग जस्ता पक्षमा आधारित भएर गरिएको यस अध्ययनबाट स्नातक तहमा व्याकरण शिक्षणलाई रचनामुखी, सम्प्रेषणात्मक एवम् व्यावहारिक बनाउने भनिए पनि शिक्षण परम्परागत नियम, परिभाषा र उदाहरण केन्द्रित देखिन्छ । भाषातत्व शिक्षणका क््रmममा पर्याप्त अभ्यास, छलफल, अन्तक्र्रिया, प्रस्तुतीकरण, पृष्ठपोषण जस्ता रचनामुखी एवम् सम्प्रेषणात्मक विधिमा आधारित भएर गरिने शिक्षण कार्य यस तहमा ५० प्रतिशतभन्दा कम भएको देखिन्छ ।

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Some Topological Indices of Double Square Snake Graphs
Authors: Mahalank Pushpalatha , Majhi Bhairaba Kumar , Cangul Ismail Naci
Published: July 2022

In many areas of science, lattice structures are very useful phenomenons. In network sciences, in chemistry and in social sciences, we face them in the solution of many daily life problems. Several large lattice structures can also be thought as graphs and in that way, are useful in the study of large networks. A very recently defined and studied class of such networks are snake graphs which has close relations with number theory due to the use of continued fractions. Following the works on square snake graphs, in this work, we study some non-Zagreb type topological graph indices of some interesting lattice structures called as double square snake graphs. We first obtain the vertex and edge partitions of these graphs and calculate their indices by means of these partitions.
The Pillai-Chowla Method for an Error Term in The Mean Square of δK(n)
Authors: Igawa Tadaaki , Minamide T. Makoto , Nakano Miyu
Published: July 2022

Available with fulltext.
Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Pathogenic Aeromycoflora Isolated from Kathmandu
Authors: Shakya Manju Shree , Shrestha Anima , Shrestha Gita Rajbhandari
Published: July 2022

Objective: To identify the predominant pathogenic aeromycoflora present in dense areas of Kathmandu, and perform their antifungal susceptibility test.
Methods: Aeromycoflora were isolated by the Gravity Plate method and identified by observing colony morphology and microscopic methods. For pathogenic mycoflora, MIC test was carried out following “Reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Filamentous Fungi; Approved Standard. NCCLS document M38-A”. The antifungal agents used were Cotrimazole, Fluconazole, Ketoconazole, Itraconazole and Terbinafine available at pharmaceutical companies of Nepal during study period.
Results: Penicillium spp (43.8%) was found to be the most predominant aeromycoflora followed by Cladosporium spp (35.5%), and pathogenic Aspergillus species (21.4%). Among Aspergillus species, Aspergillus niger (71.7%) was predominant, followed by A. flavus (17.1%) and A. fumigatus (11.1%). A. fumigatus and A. flavus were found to be most sensitive towards Itraconazole (MIC range – <0.0625 - 1μg/ml) while A. niger to Ketoconazole (MIC- 0.0625 - >32μg/ml).
Conclusion: The finding of this study helped to identify the potent antifungal drugs available against the pathogenic aeromycoflora.
Seroprevalence of Brucellosis among Pigs of Commercial Farms in Chitwan District of Nepal
Authors: Pokhrel Kiran , Sharma Sulekha , Sharma Supriya , Adhikari Shailaja , Dhakal Ishwori Prasad , Devkota Bhuminand
Published: July 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of brucellosis among pigs of commercial farms in Chitwan district of Nepal.
Methods: This cross sectional prospective study was conducted among 100 pigs of commercial farms located in western region of Chitwan district of Nepal. Blood sample was collected from each pig by the trained veterinarians and serum was extracted. Each serum sample was processed for Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) and ELISA for the detection of Brucella spp. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 21.0 and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered as significant.
Results: Prevalence of brucellosis in pigs was found to be 15% (15/100) by RBPT and 10% (10/100) by ELISA. There was statistically insignificant difference (p=0.98) in gender wise prevalence of brucellosis among pigs. Younger pigs below one year of age were more susceptible to brucellosis than the older pigs. Landrace breed showed more positive test results compared to other breeds.
Conclusion: Pigs can be the potential source of transmission of brucellosis to humans. Considering the high economic loss on livestock sector and possible transmission to humans, awareness program and appropriate control strategies is warranted. Breed and age factors should be considered while adopting the control measures of brucellosis among pigs.
Microbial Quality Analysis of Panipuri Samples Collected from Different Parts of Bhaktapur
Authors: Ghimire Punam , Khand Sujata , Chaulagain Bhawana , Siwakoti Ahish , Dhakal Dinesh , Shrestha Upendra Thapa
Published: July 2022

Objectives: The study was aimed to identify potential bacterial pathogens from the panipuri samples collected from different vendors of Bhaktapur district and determine their antibiogram patterns.
Methods: Altogether 120 (40 puri, 40 stuffing and 40 pani) samples of panipuri were collected from different vendors of Bhaktapur district in a cold chain and were transported to the microbiology laboratory. Puri and stuffing were then pre-enriched, enriched and cultured while pani samples were processed using the MPN method. All the isolates were identified following standard microbiological procedure and subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing following CLSI guidelines.
Results: The result revealed contamination of 77.5% stuffing, 67.5% puri and 52.5% pani samples with pathogenic bacteria. Among bacterial pathogens, the highest number was Staphylococcus aureus followed by Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. 100% of S. aureus were found to be resistant to ampicillin and novobiocin. Similarly, 94.1% of E. coli were resistant to ampicillin followed by ciprofloxacin (64.7%). A very few isolates of Salmonella spp, Shigella spp and Vibrio spp were resistant to tetracycline. The highest number of multidrug-resistant bacteria were S. aureus, followed by Klebsiella spp and E. coli.
Conclusion: The study showed that the panipuri samples from street vendors were found to be highly contaminated with pathogenic bacteria which might affect consumers’ health. Thus, to prevent any food-borne illness in the future, frequent evaluation and regulation of the quality of such foods should be carried out.
Freedom of Journalism in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region: A Study under the Laws in Force
Authors:   Center for Future Studies, مراد هيرش
Published: July 2022

This research entitled (Freedom of Journalism in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region: A Study under the Laws in Force) deals with a legal knowledge topic related to the essence of the press and its freedom and its implications for the laws in force in the Iraqi Kurdistan region. It also identified (the limits of this freedom in the body of those laws) a problem for him. This research’s importance stems from the importance of the topic for which it has been identified as a structural axis, i.e., the press and its freedom, and its importance is due to several scientific, practical, and legal considerations related to the state, society and its individuals. The research aims to know the limits of journalism freedom in the Iraqi Kurdistan region regarding the laws related to journalism and their situation. This research is one of the (descriptive) research in which we try to discover the limits of press freedom in the Iraqi Kurdistan region, using the (case study) approach to reach accurate scientific results. Finally, the conclusions, which include the essential conclusions stemming from the researcher’s understanding of the content of the material analyzes and the legal provisions contained and the facts that have been realized, as well as the recommendations consistent with the procedures that ensure the correction and evaluation of the abnormal paths in this regard.
Britains’ Political And Strategic Influence in Iran
Authors:   Center for Future Studies, محەمەد ئاشنا
Published: July 2022

The main idea behind writing this research is Britain’s increased interest in the area which was because of having East India Company that had caused Iran to impose its policy in the surrounding area, on top of all Iran, especially after finding oil in the area increasing Iran’s value. Also, the aftermath of October’s 1917 revolution and the spread of communism in the area and Iran caused Britain to attempt to strengthen a stronger Iran in order to make it a barrier against Soviet and keep its interests safe. Therefore, they thought about enthroning someone who could both stand against Soviet and keep their interests, and that person was Raza khan. To analyze the data, the research has taken advantage of both analysis and history methods. It comprises four chapters. The first chapter deals with the beginnings of Britain’s entrance into Iran up until World War I. The second chapter discusses Britain’s politics from 1918 to 1920. The second chapter deals with the influence and role of Britain in Iran. The fourth chapter talks about the 1921 coup d’état and the reactions to the coup d’état.
Bone marrow-derived stem cells:characters, potentials, and applicationsin the treatments of diabetic complications
Authors:   Duy Tan University, Nguyen Ngoc Hieu , Nguyen Chi Truong ,   Quang Ngai Provincial General Hospital, Nguyen Chi Toan ,   Duy Tan University, Nguyen Van Huong ,   Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ngo Thi Minh Thu ,   Duy Tan University, Lam Pham Phuoc Hung ,   Ho Chi Minh city Hospital of Dermato Venereology
Published: July 2022

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases affecting people around the world, growing rapidly, especially in developing countries, and becoming a global health and economic burden. The main complications of DM make it serious for patients. In regenerative medicine, stem cell therapy is highly regarded as a new method of effective treatment of complications of DM. Stem cells derived from bone marrow (BM) are considered to be a bright candidate for this therapy. However, BM itself is affected by diabetic pathologies, as affected BM could develop pathological micro-vessels and neuropathy similar to the tissues of the body. In this review, the authors provide information about the characteristics of BM stem cells, assessing the role of BM stem cells in DM: how they are affected by the integrity of the BM, potential, and how they can be used to treat these diabetic complications. Finally, the authors propose new methods for optimising stem cell therapies.
Result of purification for the Te do rice variety of Dien Bien province
Authors:   Inbred Rice Research and Development Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Pham Van Tinh , Nguyen Phi Long ,   Inbred Rice Research and Development Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Bui Thi Huy Hop ,   Center for Vietnam Science and Technology Internationalization Promotion, Le Thi Ngoan ,   Inbred Rice Research and Development Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Pham Thi Bich ,   Inbred Rice Research and Development Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Nguyen Duc Trung ,   Inbred Rice Research and Development Center, Field Crops Research Institute
Published: July 2022

Te do is a local rice variety planted in some districts of Dien Bien province (Tuan Giao, Muong Cha, Tua Chua...). This variety has high nutritional content, very good drought tolerance and is resistant to some major pests and diseases such as rice blasts, leaf blight, and brown planthopper. Te do is considered to have great potential in the set of varieties to be included in the agricultural production technology solutions to adapt to climate change, and at the same time increase economic value for growers in the northern mountainous region of Vietnam. The purification process of this rice variety was carried out from 2018 to 2020. From the results of monitoring in the field, 200 individuals (with the same flowering and maturing day) were selected for futher laboratory evaluation; then, 30 G1 lines with the same total growth duration and many similar traits were selected for the next growing season. After evaluation of 30 G1 lines, 10 satisfactory G1 lines were selected for the next growing season (G2). In the G2 generation, the best 6 qualified lines were selected from the 10 initial evaluation lines and the seeds of these 6 lines were mixed to get 400 kg which was tested and certified as registered seeds by the Center for Testing of Variety, the National Plant based on the national technical regulations on the quality of rice seeds.
Infeksi Cacing Nematoda Usus Pada Anak Kelas 1 dan 2 Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Irawati Oki , Sartini Sartini , Fauziah Ida
Published: July 2022

Worm disease is still one of the health problems in Indonesia. Personal hygiene such as playing in the school ditch, on the ground, playing dirty and some children do not use footwear, long nails and the habit of not washing their hands with soap before and after playing, thereby increasing the risk of intestinal worms in children. This study aims to determine the percentage and types of intestinal nematode worm eggs that infect elementary school children grades 1 and 2 Raudathul Jannah Foundation, Penraujan Private Elementary School, Sunggal District, Deli Serdang Regency. The method used in this study was direct stool examination. Based on the results of the examination of 48 samples of elementary school students in grades 1 and 2, it was found that 3 samples were positively infected with intestinal nematode worm eggs with a percentage of 6.25% and there were 2 types of worm eggs that infect, namely Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura. Where sample (S 12) was infected with Trichuris trichiura worm eggs, sample (S 37) was infected with Ascaris lumbricoides worm eggs and sample (S 46) was infected with both types of worm eggs, namely Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Air Kelapa dan Air Cucian Beras dan Lama Perendaman Terhadap Perkecambahan Benih Kacang Hijau (Vigna radiata L.)
Authors: Srimaulinda Srimaulinda , Nurtjahja Kiki , Riyanto Riyanto
Published: July 2022

Air kelapa adalah senyawa alami kompleks yang sering digunakan sebagai pengatur tumbuh alami.   Penggunaan air kelapa sebagai bahan organik merupakan alternatif dari penggunaan bahan sintetis pada tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi limbah dalam air kelapa dan air cucian beras serta lama perendaman terhadap perkecambahan biji kacang hijau. Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi globul, jumlah radikula, dan panjang radikula. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, air kelapa dan air cucian beras berpengaruh terhadap tinggi bulu dimana bulu tertinggi terdapat pada kombinasi (20 ml air kelapa + 80 ml air cucian beras dan perendaman 2 jam). Panjang radikula terpanjang ditemukan pada kombinasi (10 ml air kelapa + 90 ml air cucian beras dan perendaman 6 jam). Jumlah akar paling banyak terdapat pada kombinasi (50 ml air kelapa + 50 ml air cucian beras dan perendaman 6 jam).
Flipped Learning in Fostering Students' Independent Learning through Self-Regulation and Parental Supervision (Flipped Learning dalam Menumbuhkan Kemandirian Belajar Siswa melalui Regulasi Diri dan Pengawasan Orang Tua)
Authors: Muhajir Muhajir , Syahrul Syahrul
Published: July 2022

This article aims to provide an analysis of flipped learning in fostering student learning independence through self-regulation and parental supervision. The aspects studied are: flipped learning in fostering student learning independence through self-regulation and flipped learning in fostering student learning independence through parental supervision. The method used in this article is a literature review, where readings are carried out on various scientific journals that discuss flipped learning. The results of the study show that the application of flipped learning can lead students to achieve independent learning, but must be supported by high self-regulation and optimization of parental supervision. Independent learning of students is not only influenced by the involvement of parents and students' personal factors, but also includes environmental factors. This study suggests the need for collaboration between teachers and parents in formulating a supervisory model for students and training students' self-regulation.Keywords:     Flipped Learning, Learning Independence, Self Regulation, Parental Supervision, Digital Age Artikel ini bertujuan memberikan analisis tentang flipped learning dalam menumbuhkan kemandirian belajar siswa melalui regulasi diri dan pengawasan orang tua. Aspek yang didalami adalah: flliped learning dalam menumbuhkan kemandirian belajar siswa melalui regulasi diri dan flliped learning dalam menumbuhkan kemandirian belajar siswa melalui pengawasan orang tua. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah reviu literature, dimana pembacaan dilakukan terhadap berbagai jurnal ilmiah yang membahasa tentang flipped learning. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan flipped learning dapat mengantar siswa mencapai kemandirian belajar, tetapi harus ditunjang dengan regulasi diri yang tinggi dan optimalisasi pengawasan orang tua. Kemandirian belajar siswa tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh keterlibatan orang tua dan faktor pribadi siswa, tetapi juga mencakup faktor lingkungan. Kajian ini menyarankan perlunya kolaborasi guru dan orang tua dalam merumuskan model pengawasan bagi siswa dan melatih regulasi diri siswa.Kata Kunci:   Flliped Learning, Kemandirian Belajar, Regulasi Diri, Pengawasan Orang Tua, Era Digital
The Impact of Online Learning on Students: Experience in Islamic Universities (Dampak Pembelajaran Daring Terhadap Mahasiswa: Pengalaman di Perguruan Tinggi Islam)
Authors: Basteng Basteng
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study is to discuss the impact of the application of online learning on students. The type of research used is qualitative with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques are through observation, interviews and documentation studies. Data analysis techniques are through data reduction, data presentation, data verification and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate: 1) The positive impacts of online learning are: being able to learn to relax carefully and with full awareness; All campus affairs can be done online; Students have a lot of free time to gather with their families; Students can use their time to study while working; Students can access course materials anytime and anywhere. 2) The negative impacts of online learning are: internet network access is not evenly distributed in every area; Smartphone and internet quota limitations; Less supportive learning media; Feeling bored with monotonous learning methods; Online learning causes eye pain and drowsiness; Poor knowledge transfer; Students are free to do as they please; Students lose the values taught by lecturers; Giving a subjective value; Deteriorating with various human interactions.Kata Kunci:   Online Learning, Student Freedom, Transfer of knowledge and valuesTujuan penelitian ini adalah membahas dampak yang ditimbulkan dari penerapan pembelajaran daring terhadap mahasiswa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif.Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi.Teknik analisis data melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, verifikasi data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan: 1) Dampak positif pembelajaran daring adalah: dapat belajar santai dengan teliti dan penuh kesadaran; Segala urusan kampus dapat dikerjakan melalui online; Mahasiswa memiliki banyak waktu luang untuk berkumpul bersama keluarga; Mahasiswa dapat memanfaatkan waktunya untuk kuliah sambil bekerja; Mahasiswa dapat mengakses materi kuliah kapanpun dan dimanapun. 2) Dampak negatif pembelajaran daring adalah: akses jaringan internet tidak merata pada setiap daerah; Keterbatasan smartphone dan kuota internet; Media pembelajaran yang kurang mendukung; Merasa bosan dengan metode pembelajaran yang monoton; Pembelajaran daring menyebabkan sakit mata dan merasa kantuk; Transfer ilmu yang kurang baik; Mahasiswa bebas berbuat sesuka hatinya; Mahasiswa kehilangan nilai-nilai yang diajarkan dosen; Pemberian nilai yang bersifat subjektif; Mengalami kemunduran dengan berbagai interaksi kemanusiaan.Kata Kunci:   Pembelajaran Online, Kebebasan Mahasiswa, Transfer Pengetahuan dan Nilai
Deodar Cedar (Cedrus Deodara): Efficacy for Potential of Secondary Metabolites and Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Bhardwaj Vibha
Published: July 2022

The setback of microbial resistance is growing and the use of antimicrobial drugs in the future is still uncertain. Infectious diseases are accountable for millions of global deaths annually. Therefore, necessary steps need to be taken to reduce this problem. In the present study, crude extracts of leaves, bark and resins of Cedrus deodara in methanol was investigated for secondary metabolites (flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, saponins, tannins, terpenoids) and antibacterial effect of Cedrus deodara was evaluated on multidrug resistant (MDR) strains of Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), E. coli (ATCC 8739), Salmonella enterica (ATCC 14028), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) by agar well diffusion method. Ciprofloxacin was used as standard. The methanolic extracts of leaves of C. deodara tested positive for glycosides, flavonoids, phenol, tannins and terpenoids. The Bark was tested positive for glycosides, flavonoids, phenol, tannins but resins was tested positive for terpenoids. Leaves of C. deodara showed zone of inhibition with all the five strains of microorganisms, which were used. C. deodara resin methanolic extract showed maximum zone of inhibition with Bacillus subtilis which are 25 ± 0.1 mm and bark showed maximum zone of inhibition with Staphylococcus aureus 21 ± 0.6 mm. The potency shown by these extracts recommends their use against multidrug resistant microorganisms. Time-kill curve showed a fast and sharp antimicrobial activity. Based on the research experiments, it was identified, that the methanol extract of Cedrus deodara exhibited quite high antimicrobial activity as well as secondary metabolites and this quality together with lots of other values must be considered in green landscape planning of contemporary urban environment and for the other purposes too.
Application of the Diagnostic Tool Efa-4 in Dementia
Authors: Sofia Erkotidou
Published: July 2022

Speech is a brain function that includes virtual, mobile and sensory part for the understanding and the production of spoken and written language. The aim of this study was to present the adaptation of the diagnostic tool Examining for aphasia – 4th edition (EFA -4) in the Greek language. In dementia and especially in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the speech and language disorders are the main diagnostic features, along with the worsening impairment of memory. The diagnostic tool EFA-4 is a standardized, reliable and valid measure of speech and language disorders. The test was administered to 50 adults separately. The sample selection, although it had uniformity in age, was regardless of origin, marital status and socioeconomic status. According to the results of the research, the EFA-4 is perceived to be particularly useful in the setting of language deficits of the patients with AD, who participated in the survey.
A ve B Tipi Kişilik Yapısına Sahip Yöneticilerin Yaşam Tarzları Ve Stres İlişkisi
Authors: FİDAN Yahya , BAYRAKTAR Osman
Published: July 2022

Bu araştırmada, temel olarak, yöneticilerin yaşam tarzı davranışlarının A ve B Tipi kişilik yapısında sahip olmalarına göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı sorularına cevap aranmıştır. İkinci olarak yöneticilerin yaşam tarzları ve karar verme davranışlarının yaş, cinsiyet, çalışma süresi gibi demografik değişkenlere göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı sorgulanmıştır. Araştırma verileri İstanbul’da farklı işletmelerde görev yapan yönetici grubundan elde edilmiştir. Katılıcıların kişilik yapılarını belirlemek için Bortner (1974) tarafından geliştirilen envanterin kısa formu kullanılmış, yaşam tarzlarını belirlemek için Tanenbaum ve Schmidt’in (1973) ölçeğinden yararlanılmıştır. Uygun nitelikteki 312 veri SPSS 24 yazılımı ile analiz edilmiş; iki grup arasındaki farkı anlamak için t testi; ikiden fazla grup farklarını anlamak için Tek Yönlü Anova istatistikleri kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, katılımcıların kişilik puanları ile düzenli spor yapma alışkanlıkları ve stresli olma durumları arasında istatistik olarak anlamlı farklılıklar bulunmuştur. Katılımcıların kişilik puanları ile düzenlilik davranışları, sigara kullanma alışkanlıkları ve iş değiştirme niyetleri arasında istatistik olarak anlamlı farklılıklar saptanamamıştır.
İlkokul Öğrencilerinin Adalet Eğilimlerinin Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: BALBAĞ Nur Leman , AKAR Cüneyit , KARATAŞ Adem
Published: July 2022

İlkokul üçüncü ve dördüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin adalet eğilimi düzeylerini ortaya çıkarmak ve adalet eğilimi düzeylerinin bazı değişkenler açısından incelemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilen bu araştırma ilişkisel desen türünde betimsel bir alan araştırmasıdır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu devlet okulunda öğrenim gören 366 üçüncü ve dördüncü sınıf öğrencileri oluşturmuştur. Çalışma grubu okulun bulunduğu sosyoekonomik düzey kriterine göre belirlenmiş tabakalama yöntemiyle seçilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri Araştırmanın verileri kişisel bilgi formu ve Adalet Eğilimleri Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Adalet eğilimler ölçeği (2011) yılında Sarmusak tarafından geliştirilmiş, 9 madde ve tek boyuttan oluşmaktadır. Toplanan veriler üzerinden betimsel istatistikler yapılmıştır. Yapılan analizler doğrultusunda öğrencilerin adalet eğilimlerinin yüksek olduğu ve kızların puanları erkeklere göre anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunmuştur. Ayrıca öğrencilerin adalet eğilimi ölçeğinden aldıkları puanlarla en yüksek ilişkininin öğrencilerin telefon-tabletle oyun oynama süreleri olduğu görülmektedir. Öğrencilerin günlük telefon ve tabletle oyun oynama süreleri arttıkça adalet eğilimi puanları düşmektedir. Adalet eğilimleri ile anne (r=.15) ve baba eğitim durumu (r=.14) ile öğrencilerin kitap okuma sayıları arasında düşük düzeyli de olsa pozitif bir ilişki olduğu göze çarpmaktadır. Aylık gelir durumu ile telefon tabletle oyun oynama süresi arasında da pozitif bir ilişki olduğu görülmektedir (r=.17). Bir diğer anlamlı bulgu ise telefon ve tabletle oyun oynama süresi ile televizyon izleme süresi olmuştur. İki değişken arasında pozitif bir ilişki olduğu görülmektedir (r=.34). Telefon tabletle oyun oynayanlar aynı zamanda daha çok televizyon izlemektedirler. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda ailelere teknolojik araçlarla uzun süre vakit geçirmeleri durumunda öğrencilerin olumsuz etkilendiğine yönelik bilgilendirmeler yapılabilir. Öğrencilerin teknolojik aletlere daha az zaman geçirmesi için farklı ders dışı evde ve okulda yapılabilecek etkinlikler sunulabilir. Ayrıca bu konuyla ilgili daha derinlemesine nitel yöntemlerle araştırmalar gerçekleştirilebilir.
Erken Çocukluk Döneminde Etnografik Yöntem Kullanımı: Bibliyometrik Analiz
Authors: YANIK ÖZGER Betül
Published: July 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Web of Science (WoS) veri tabanında erken çocukluk döneminde etnografik yöntemle ilişkili dokümanların tanımlayıcı ve değerlendirici bulgularını incelemektir. Araştırmada bibliyometrik analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sistematik literatür taramasına uygun yapılan araştırmada, WoS veritabanında yıl, doküman tipi ve dil sınırlaması olmaksızın yayımlanan 221 doküman incelenmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarını görselleştirmek için VOSviewer yazılımı kullanılmıştır. Tanımlayıcı sonuçlar, yıllara göre en fazla dokümanın 2017 yılında yayımlandığını; H. Ferguson’ın en üretken yazar ve Nottıngham Üniversitesi’nin en üretken kurum; Ethnography and Education’ın en verimli dergi; en fazla yayının İngilizce dilinde ve en üretken ülkenin Amerika Birleşik Devletleri olduğunu göstermiştir. Değerlendirme sonuçları, A. Chambon, P. Mckeever, P. Elizabeth, K. Spalding ve H. Zitzelsberger yazarların en yüksek ortak yazarlık ağına ve İngiltere’nin en yüksek ortak yazarlık ağına sahip ülke olduğunu göstermiştir. Diğer yandan ortak atıf alan yazarlar arasında toplam bağlantı gücü en yüksek olan yazar A. James olmuştur. Son olarak, anahtar kelime oluşum ağlarında toplam bağlantı gücü en yüksek olan anahtar kelime “ethnography” olmuştur. Bu sonuçlara dayanarak, erken çocukluk döneminde etnografik yöntemle ilişkili dokümanların farklı veri tabanları üzerinden sistematik literatür taraması yapılabilir.
Müfide Ferit Tek’in “Aydemir” ve Hüseyin Rahmi Gürpınar’ın “Hakk’a Sığındık” Romanlarında Yabancılaşma Olgusu
Authors: SEKMAN Ayşegül , ÇELİK Yakup , KORKMAZ Ramazan
Published: July 2022

Yabancılaşma, geçmişi çok eskiye dayanan ve günümüzde sıkça bahsi geçen kavramlardan biridir. Kökeni Eski Ahit’teki puta tapma geleneğine kadar götürülen bu olgu pek çok düşünür tarafından farklı şekillerde ele alınır. Çalışmanın konusunu oluşturan yabancılaşma olgusu, Müfide Ferit Tek’in “Aydemir” (1918) ve Hüseyin Rahmi Gürpınar’ın “Hakk’a Sığındık” (1919) romanları çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Bir yıl ara ile basılan bu iki roman farklı konu ve temaları içermesi bakımından yabancılaşma olgusunu çeşitli cepheleriyle irdeleme imkânı sunar. Millî Edebiyat dönemi içerisinde basılan iki eser, yazarlarının bakış açısına göre şekillenen farklı bir yorumla dönemlerine tutulan projeksiyon işlevi görür. Toplumun yaşadığı sosyo-ekonomik bunalımları, yöneticiler ile halk arasındaki sıkıntıları, dönemin Türkleri’nin Ruslaştırılma politikasını konu alan romanlarda toplumsal yabancılaşmanın izlerini sürmek mümkündür. Diğer cephesiyle bireylerin sosyo-kültürel çevrenin tesiriyle yaşadıkları benlik yitimi neticesinde ortaya çıkan bireysel yabancılaşma da kurgu içerisinde yer alır. Bu anlamda romanlarda yer alan yabancılaşma unsurlarının tespit edilerek tasnif edilmesi amaçlanır. Çalışma, “Giriş” bölümünün ardından yabancılaşma olgusunun genel bir izahını içerir. İncelenen romanlarda “Ekonomik Yabancılaşma”, “Dinsel Yabancılaşma”, “Aydın Yabancılaşması”, “Bireyin Siyasi Otoriteye/Yönetime Yabancılaşması”, “Benlik Kaybı/Yitimi”, “Musiki ve Yabancılaşma”, “Evlilikte Yabancılaşma” gibi alt başlıklar etrafında yaşanan yabancılaşma türleri tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada toplumda yaşanan siyasi ve sosyal olayların bireylerin ekonomik refah düzeylerini etkilediği görülmektedir. Türkler’in sömürgeleştirilme politikaları neticesinde benlik kaybı yaşamaları, kendi kültürel ve dinî değerlerine yabancılaşarak asimile olmaları kültürel yozlaşmanın tezahürü addedilir.
Reward (Al-Tsawab) and Punishment (Al-Iqab) Through the BISCUIT Approach in Islamic Education
Authors: Nugraha Muhamad Tisna , Andewi Andewi Suhartini , EQ Nurwadjah Nurwadjah
Published: July 2022

This paper aims to explain the reward (al-tsawab) and punishment (al-iqab) through the BISKUIT approach in Islamic education. This is a response to the need for a formula that is accepted as general standard in giving reward and punishment in education and learning processes. This is a library research using Descriptive-Qualitative ways. The data collection is used content analysis process. Analyzing, reducing, and proceed the data with data interpretation into substantive theories were taken to process the data.  Finally, it is concluded that BISKUIT approach is a normative approach in the basis of social, religious and basic considerations.  Beside that, the word "BISKUIT" is an abbreviation of some importance elements before deciding reward and punishment."B", for the size of an event, "I", based on Islamic teaching, "S", for the situation that happened at that time. "K", gender "U", age. "I" the intensity or frequency of the action, and "T" for the consistency of the action.
The Effect of Reggio Emilia Approach on Children's Creativity from the Islamic Psychology Review
Authors: Madyawati Lilis , Maemonah Maemonah
Published: July 2022

The development of self-creativity in children needs to be performed because they possess the interests and talents that are expected to be honed or developed. Therefore, this study aims to test the effect of the Reggio Emilia approach on children's creativity from the Islamic Psychology review. A total of 36 students aged 5-6 years were selected as participants using purposive sampling. Data were collected using the pre-experiment with One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The result showed that children's creativity increased through aptitude and non-aptitude. This study indicates that 22 and 14 students had Islamic verbal creativity in the average and above-average category respectively. Therefore, the Reggio Emilia approach positively affects children's creativity.
Exploring the Feelings of Teacher, Student, and Parent: When Learning Virtually during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hidayati Istania Widayati , Mujahidun Mujahidun , Asghari Seyed Amir Hossein
Published: July 2022

Covid-19 pandemic has forced students to study at home, including those with special needs who require physical and non-physical assistance. Meanwhile, online learning has been a bitter choice in creating a variety of experiences. Hence, this study aims to examine the online learning experience in Islamic Religious Education subjects at SLB Ma'arif Muntilan. Furthermore, a qualitative and phenomenological approach was used while the data was collected through interviews, observation, and documentation of teachers, students, and parents who experience online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings show that teachers, students, and guardians experience dissatisfaction and difficulties, but adjustments are made through coping strategies in order to understand the situation and build serenity.
An Overview of Complaints Handling in the Inspectorate Probolinggo Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Pangestuty Dwi Yani , Noor Tauchid , Sudhana Kridawati
Published: July 2022

The background of this research is because severalproblems occur inhandling complaints within the Probolinggo Regency Inspectorate. There are still many obstacles in handling complaints where the average complaint handled is only around 50%. Sothat the handling of complaints cannot be evaluated optimally. The research method used is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The informant selection method was purposive with data collection techniques, namely field research methods using in-depth interviews, observation and documentation, and library research. The research findings show that although the implementation mechanisms and procedures are already contained in several basic implementing regulations, there are still some obstacles in coordinating the implementation of handling public complaints services, namely, the parties or officials concerned are difficult to contact, coordinate with the Law Enforcement Apparatus (LEA) sometimes does not match the schedule and the time for each personnel is limited to coordinate with related parties. In addition, the means of promotion and information regarding public complaints services are still minimal, so not many people take advantage of these services. The lack of human resources also dramatically affects the quality and quantity of public protest services provided by the Probolinggo Regency Inspectorate.
Trend analysis of cane crushed and sugar production in Bihar
Authors: Paswan Sudhir , Paul Anupriya , Paul Ajit , S. Noel Ashish
Published: July 2022

The goal of this study was to look at the trends in Bihar's cane crushing and sugar production. From 1939 to 2016, time-series data on cane crushed and sugar production was used (78 years). For this reason, three trend analysis models were used: linear, exponential, and quadratic, with the quadratic trend model being the best fit for the current study's trend analysis. A model was considered better if it processed low values of MAPE, MAD, and MSD and high values of R2 7 and R2 8. It was suggested that forecasted values have a positive increasing trend and are very close to that of actual values in Bihar as the next coming ten years are showing a good picture of sugar production. The result revealed that using the established model, it is possible to see that anticipated cane crushed and sugar production has constantly increased trends for the next ten years, from 2017 to 2026. The percentage increase in cane crushed ranged from 1.41 to 1.44 during 2017-26. The percentage increase in sugar production ranged between1.42 to1.68 during 2017-26. Farmers are becoming more interested in producing sugarcane in their fields as a result of the excellent profits it provides. These estimates will aid in the formulation of sound policies in Bihar's sugar and cane crushing industries.
Application of infrared thermography for animal health study
Authors: Borah Sanjib , Soren Simson , Pame Kuleswan , Paul Dipankar , Kalita Latika
Published: July 2022

Infrared thermography (IRT) is an advanced, safe, non-invasive, and contactless technology used to determine the surface temperature of an object. Thermal cameras absorb the infrared radiation generated by the surface, then transform it into electrical signals, and provide a thermal image of the body's surface temperature distribution. In addition to human medicine, IRT has mostly been used in veterinary medicine for diagnostic purposes and to detect distress in an animal. However, IRT can be a very effective technique for livestock and poultry breeding research viz. thermoregulation, reproduction, animal welfare, etc. Before preclinical testing, it is crucial to intervene to reduce the stress levels in experimental animals for the betterment of the experimental outcome. Where the infrared thermography could help us to monitor and assess the health status or the stress level in addition to behavioral and physiological parameters before the pre-clinical testing might be beneficial for better outcome and reproducibility. Therefore, this manuscript reviews the recent advances in infrared thermography and its use in animal science.
Effect of integrated weed management on growth and yield of paddy
Authors: Anand Rajnish , Kumari Sima , Sreedevi B. , Pareek Neha
Published: July 2022

Paddy is one of the imperative cereal crops of state Jharkhand and plays a crucial part in the economy. Paddy yield is drastically influenced by weeds infestation resulting decrease in output and productivity. The experiment was conducted at Chhotakipona village, Chitarpur Block, Ramgarh, Jharkhand during kharif season of 2018 using Randomised Block Design with 9 weed control methods T1- Weedy check, T2- Pretilachlore @ 0.75 kgha-1 as preemergence, T3- Pretilachlore@0.75 kgha-1 + Bispyribac Na@25gha-1 , T4- Pendimethalin @ 1 kgha-1 + 2,4-D @ 1.00 kgha-1 at 30 DAS, T5- Pendimethalin @ 1 kgha-1 as pre-emergence + Bispyribac Na @ 25 gha-1 , T6- Bispyribac Na @ 25 gha-1 as post-emergence at 20 DAS, T7- Hand weeding at 20 DAS + Hoeing at 40 DAS, T8- Two hand weeding at 20 & 40 DAS and T9- weed free and replicated 3 times. The hand weeding and hoeing were carried out manually. Application of IWM (Integrated weed management) in paddy Pretilachlore@0.75 kgha-1 + Bispyribac Na@25gha-1 was recorded maximum yield attributes resulting in higher grain yield (4952 kgha-1 ).
YOLLARIN YAPIMI VE BAKIM ONARIMI İLE İLGİLİ BİLGİ SİSTEMİ OLUŞTURULMASI: MANİSA – SARUHANLI ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: YAŞA Murat , ÇETİN Tülin
Published: July 2022

Bu çalışmada Manisa İli Saruhanlı ilçesi sınırları dahilinde yer alan yolları kapsayan bir Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi (CBS) oluşturulup CBS’den alınan veriler analiz edilerek yolların bakım ve onarımları ile ilgili ön çalışma yapılabilirliğinin ortaya konması hedeflenmiştedir. İlçe sınırları içerisinde bulunan yolların konumları, nazım imar planı ve uygulama imar planı çalışmaları ile ve uydu görüntülerinden faydalanılarak CBS sistemine aktarılmıştır. Yollar ve yollarda bulunan köprü ve menfezlerle ilgili, bakım ve onarımla ilgili ön çalışma esnasında gerekli olacak çeşitli veriler mevcut projelerden ve yerinde yapılan saha incelemelerinin ardından programa girilmiştir. Oluşturulan CBS sisteminin isteğe bağlı sorgulanması ile, bakım ve onarım çalışmaları sırasında ihtiyaç duyulabilecek bilgilere rahatça erişildiği ve istenen şekil ve formatta sonuçların alınabildiği görülmüştür.
CONSERVATION OF TRADITIONAL HOUSES AND A CASE STUDY ON SAFETY EVALUATION BY USING LIMIT ANALYSIS
Authors: GÜNEŞ KAYA Zahide Sena , ERSOY Selahattin , EYÜPGİLLER Kemal Kutgün
Published: July 2022

Most of the traditional houses in western Anatolia are a type of hımış (traditional timber frame) structure. Deterioration of these traditional houses is mostly due to their abandonment. Abandonment causes the structure’s load-bearing system vulnerable to environmental effects and ultimately weakens the structure against seismic loads. A case study is performed on the Orhaneli houses. Building-scale suggestions are proposed towards the conservation of these houses based on the performed analysis and documentation. The results of simplified limit analysis of 20 houses utilized in this study are presented and the need for finite element modeling of these structures with sophisticated connection detailing is underlined. It is observed that the majority of examined houses are resilient for the seismic events of 50% probability of exceedance in 50 years, however, they need to be retrofitted for the seismic events of 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years.