bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Laboratory Automated Operating System
Authors: B B Kumbhar , S R Panhalkar , G S Korgaonkar , Mohite Prof. T. H.
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Laboratory Automation is a unique system that can control and establish communication between nearly all aspects of your lab. Laboratory Automation is a term used to describe the working together of all household amenities and appliances. For example, a centrally microcontroller panel can have the capability to control everything from security system, lighting and overall electrical appliances. Laboratory automation can include controlling aspects of our lab remotely through a computer or any mobile equipment, programming electronics devices to respond automatically to some conditions or scenarios or centralizing the control of a variety of appliances in our lab into a single control center. For example, Control of lights in and around our laboratory from one central location so there is no need to get out of to that place or go to downstairs if we forgot to turn OFF or ON any appliances, just we can control remotely. It is essential that the different controllable appliances be interconnected and communicates with each other. The main purpose of Laboratory automation is to control or monitor signals from different appliances, or basic services. A smart phone or web browser can be used to control or monitor the home automation system. we build a fire alarm using multiple sensors. This project will send an alert whenever it detects fire and smoke. It has also connected with a buzzer and an LED which will act as a audio and visual indication for alert. A fire alarm system to detect and warn people through visual and audio appliances when smoke, fire, carbon monoxide or other emergencies are present. These alarms may be activated automatically from smoke detectors, and heat detectors or may also be activated via manual fire alarm activation devices such as manual call points or pull stations. Alarms can be either motorized bells or wall mountable sounders or horns. They can also be speaker strobes which sound an alarm, followed by a voice evacuation message which warns people inside the building not to use the elevators with the increase in consumption of energy and population, there is a grave need to conserve energy in every way possible. The inability to access and control the appliances from remote locations is one of the major reasons for energy loss. A web or an android application is used by the users to give instructions to these systems. This system can make use of a host of communication methods such as Wi-Fi, GSM, Bluetooth, ZigBee. Different controlling devices and configurations can be found in existing systems. Such systems have been found already in many places for a wide variety of applications. This paper presents a survey of all such systems. Keywords: Laboratory Automation, Android, Wifi module, Energy conservation, Electrical and electronics devices
Implementation of Graphical Password Authentication Technique for Security Using Cued Click Points Algorithm
Authors: Rangari Mr. Shantanu , Ingole Prof. K. R.
Published: April 2022

Abstract: In today's world, most Internet applications still establish user authentication with a traditional text-based password. Designing a secure as well as user-friendly password-based method has long been on the agenda of security researchers. On the one hand, there are password manager programs that make it easy to create site-specific strong passwords from a single user's password to eliminate the memory burden caused by multiple passwords. We offer different levels of authentication such as Textual Authentication, Image Authentication and Audio Authentication to provide better security for applications. User will select username and password while registering in text step. During registration the user has to enter the registered username and password, if it matches the database then the user can log in to the system. In Image Authentication Model, we take image as input from user at the time of registration and put quid point, qud point is selected part of image which is selected by user. At the time of login the user has to select the image and select the part of the image which he/she wants to include at the time of registration, which is called as Cued Points. Keywords: Graphical password, Text based password, usability, security, Attacks, Authentication
Design and Fabrication of Plunger Type Compressed Air Vehicle
Authors: Gawali Pramay , Dhole Aditya , Borkar Pranav , Alone Sameer , Meshram Anubhav , Tembhurne Shubham , Choudhary Dr. S. K.
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Today air pollution is the major problem in major cities of the world. Climate change is also a big problem we have faced. This project is based on the Design of Air Compressed Vehicle. We used Air as a fuel which is abundantly present in the atmosphere. Increases in petrol prizes and the pollution so this research is the better alternative of the petrol engine. The air compressed vehicle doesn’t use any type of hydrocarbon fuel hence this process doesn’t emit the combustive gases. Many researchers and scientists are work on the design and fabrication of air driven vehicle equipped with pneumatic system. This project is based on unconventional substitute for transportation challenges as this technology claims to zero emissions while providing the power and performance needed for light vehicle applications. It is the greener type of technology we will be use here and the demand of this technology in future is more. This paper tells us about the description of how a compressed air vehicle using this technology was made. Keywords: Pollution free, Simple Design, Noise-free, Lightweight, Pneumatic system
Computer Network Topologies
Authors: Sankpal Ms. Mrunali Nagesh , Chinchwade Ms. Pratiksha Vijay , Kognole Ms. Rutuja Rajkumar , Rode Ms. K. N.
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Network topologies is various components of network link nodes, link, peripherals are arranged. The way of connecting the computers is called as the topology.so depending on the manner of connecting the computers we can have different network topologies. Network topology is links and nodes of a network are arranged to related are arranged to each other. They describe the physical and logical arrangement of network nodes. The way in which different system and node are connect and communicate with each other is determined by topology of the network. Keywords: Star Topology, Bus Topology, Ring Topology, Hybrid Topology, Mesh Topology, Tree Topology
Brain Tumor Classification using CNN
Authors: Sonawane Sumedh , Banne Sujit , Bhor Aditya , Barhate Parag
Published: April 2022

Abstract: In this paper, we propose a brain tumor segmentation and classification method for multi-modality magnetic resonance image scans. The data from multi-modal brain tumor segmentation challenge are utilized which are co-registered and skull stripped, and the histogram matching is performed with a reference volume of high contrast. We are detecting tumor by using preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction, optimization and lastly classification after that preprocessed image use to classify the tissue. We performed a leave-one out cross-validation and achieved 88 Dice overlap for the complete tumor region, 75 for the core tumor region and 95 for enhancing tumor region, which is higher than the Dice overlap reported. Keywords: Machine Learning, CNN Algorithm, Deep Learning, Classification etc.
Direct Torque Control on BLDC Motor for Electric Vehicle
Authors: Sharma Mr. Chandrakant J. , Khawas Tejaswini , Nandanwar Akshay , Paunikar Bhupesh
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Electric Car (EV) due to its going for walks 0 emission, sustainability and efficiency is of hobby for future transportation. In-wheel generation has been one of the principal studies concentration factors in ultimate decade. BLDC motor is on call for in-wheel utility due to its excessive performance, torque/velocity traits, high electricity to length ratio, high operating existence and noiseless operation. On this paper direct torque control (DTC) switching technique of BLDC motor for EV propulsion machine is proposed and simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK. The Simulation consequences show effective manipulate of torque and super discount of torque ripple amplitude compared to standard mentioned switching techniques. Enhancements of in-wheel motor’s torque controllability end result to have extra efficient and safer electric vehicle. The simulation effects of proposed switching machine are fine and display correct performance of device. Keywords: BLDC motor; In-wheel motors; Direct torque control (DTC); Electric vehicle etc.
Pengembangan Ensiklopedia Identitas Nasional Berbasis Kearifan Lokal
Authors: Nurdiansyah Edwin , Faisal Emil El , Sulkipani Sulkipani
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan ensiklopedia identitas nasional berbasis kearifan lokal pada perkuliahan PKn di Universitas Sriwijaya. Penelitian pengembangan yang digunakan ialah model ADDIE, model tersebut digunakan karena paling sesuai ketika menghasilkan produk dan menguji keefektifannya Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dan tes. Pada tahap implementasi ensiklopedia mendapatkan tanggapan sebesar 90,3% dari angket ujicoba kepada dosen, dan memperoleh tanggapan sebesar 88% dari angket ujicoba kepada mahasiswa. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa ensiklopedia yang dihasilkan valid. Pada tes dapat terlihat rata-rata skor tes awal mahasiswa sebesar 7,4 sedangkan nilai rata-rata tes akhir sebesar 8,5. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan sebesar 1,1 dan didapatkan N-Gain sebesar 0,4 dengan kategori sedang. Dengan demikian ensiklopedia yang dikembangkan memiliki dampak potensial dalam meningkatkan pemahaman mahasiswa pada perkuliahan PKn.
Twin Tolerations Dan Demokrasi Di Indonesia Dalam Membangun Masyarakat Madani
Authors: Hilmy Muhammad Irfan , Alqadri Aafiyatika Syalendri , Ashari Briantama Afiq
Published: April 2022

Artikel ini membahas mengenai konsep twin tolerations untuk menengahi konflik horizontal (antar kelompok keagamaan) dan konflik vertikal (antara kelompok keagamaan dan negara) dalam kehidupan demokrasi di Indonesia serta usaha untuk mewujudkan masyarakat madani dengan menggunakan konsep twin tolerations. Masifnya konflik antar kelompok keagamaan dan kesenjangan yang terjadi antara kelompok keagamaan dan negara akan berdampak sangat buruk bagi keberlangsungan hidup berbangsa dan bernegara. Pembentukan masyarakat madani pun akan terhambat akibat dari beragam konflik yang terjadi saat ini. Maka artikel ini akan menjelaskan mengenai twin tolerations sebagai solusi dari permasalahan tersebut. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui penyelesaian konflik demokrasi di Indonesia dengan twin tolerations.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan konseptual untuk mengetahui konsep twin tolerations dan demokrasi di Indonesia serta pembentukan masyarakat madani.Adapun kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah twin tolerations menempatkan agama dan negara pada posisi yang seimbang serta diharuskan bertoleransi antar dua institusi besar tersebut dengan penerapan batasan tertentu yang tidak dapat dicampuri antar kedua institusi.Konsep ini sangat tepat digunakan di Indonesia mengingat sering kali terjadi intervensi dari negara terhadap kelompok keagamaan maupun sebaliknya sehingga mengganggu iklim demokrasi yang baik dan akan mewujudkan masyarakat madani di Indonesia.
The Effectiveness Of Enculturation-Based Anti-Corruption Education In Shaping Students' Character Integrity
Authors: Handayani Trisakti
Published: April 2022

This study aims to: (1) determine the effectiveness of the implementation of enculturation-based anti-corruption education conducted by SMA Negeri 6 Yogyakarta, SMA Negeri 2 Bantul, and SMA Negeri 1 Sleman in curricular and extracurricular ways; and (2) Measuring personal integrity in students as a form of young citizens with integrity in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. This study uses the unbalanced combination method (concurrent embed). There were 16 informants in this study, including the Deputy Principal for Student Affairs, Deputy Principal for Curriculum, PPKn Teachers, and students. The sample in this study were 375 students. The results of the study show that: (1) The implementation of anti-corruption education can be done through curricular and extracurricular activities. The implementation of curricular anti-corruption education is carried out through habituation in learning activities for Civics subjects. The implementation of extracurricular anti-corruption education in its implementation is carried out through extracurricular activities by familiarizing students to practice anti-corruption values ​​in each of their activities. Students in the Special Region of Yogyakarta have personal integrity that is classified as very good. Student integrity score/personal score ≥.1SBx. This shows that students in the Special Region of Yogyakarta are young citizens with integrity.
Time-Slicing Path-integral in Curved Space
Authors: Ding Mingnan , Xing Xiangjun
Published: April 2022

Path integrals constitute powerful representations for both quantum and stochastic dynamics. Yet despite many decades of intensive studies, there is no consensus on how to formulate them for dynamics in curved space, or how to make them covariant with respect to nonlinear transform of variables (NTV). In this work, we construct a rigorous and covariant formulation of time-slicing path integrals for dynamics in curved space. We first establish a rigorous criterion for equivalence oftime-slice Green's function(TSGF) in the continuum limit (Lemma 1). This implies the existence of infinitely many equivalent representations for time-slicing path integral. We then show that, for any dynamics with second order generator, all time-slice actions are equivalent to a Gaussian (Lemma 2). We further construct a continuous family of equivalent path-integral actions parameterized by an interpolation parameterα∈[0,1](Lemma 3). The action generically contains term linear inΔx, whose concrete form depends onα. Finally we also establish the covariance of our path-integral formalism, by demonstrating how the action transforms under NTV. Theα=0representation of time-slice action is particularly convenient because it is Gaussian and transforms as a scalar, as long asΔxtransforms according toIto's formula.
Molecular-dynamic modeling applied for analysis of composite wear resistance increasing as compared with the original polymer matrix
Authors: Li Xianshun , Sedakova E. B.
Published: April 2022

The influence of filling on the mechanical properties of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was inves- tigated by molecular dynamic modeling. Molecular models of PTFE and its composite F4K20 were built. Energy values of intermolecular interaction were determined, stiffness and flexibility matrices of PTFE and F4K20 were obtained. It was shown that energy of intermolecular interaction of F4K20 is approximately 15 times higher in comparison with energy of intermolecular interaction of PTFE. Calculation based on model- ing showed that the introduction of the filler leads to a significant increase in the composite shear modulus in comparison with the initial matrix, which may be the reason of wear resistance increasing of polymer compo- sites.
X-ray and neutron diffraction study of high-strength steel. Methodological aspects
Authors: Fedoseev M. L. , Petrov S. N. , Nikolaev D. I. , Beskrovny A. I. , Lychagina T. A.
Published: April 2022

X-ray and neutron diffraction are indispensable in the analysis of the integral characteristics of the dispersed precipitates in high-strength medium-carbon steels. Advantages and limitations of methods application have been compared by studying dispersed phases changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of steel. Wear-resistant B1700 steel was tested after quenching and tempering in the temperature range 150–600°C. Quantity of retained austenite decreased to zero when the tempering temperature rises more than 300°C. Cementite becomes noticeable in the diffraction patterns at the same temperature range. The results of the study show that neutron instruments can more reliably detect small amounts of retained austenite, while X-ray instruments provide better resolution, especially at large scattering angles.
The influence of the ZhS6K powder Initial characteristics on the alloy microrelief features after selective laser melting
Authors: Raevskikh A. N. , Chabina E. B. , Filonova E. V.
Published: April 2022

The analysis of the ZhS6K alloy granules appearance, their surface and internal structure, as well as the chemical composition by volume and structural elements is carried out. The formation control possibility is shown for desired state of interfaces (tracks, crystallization cells, hatch block boundaries, grains, phases, discontinuities - pores and cracks) through the fractional composition, packing density during filling, scanning speed that provide a more solid and qualitative material state of the sample. The initial state of the samples structure was studied. A connection between the structure of crystallization cells boundaries, dispersed par- ticles and the fragments structure has been established. It is shown that all investigated samples have a differ- ent structure at the same power and scanning strategy. The analysis was carried out by optical metallography and scanning (raster) electron microscopy (SEM) methods.
Influence of Ion-plasma treatment of reinforcing fillers on the complex of PCM properties
Authors: Kolpachkov E. D. , Shchur P. A. , Kurshev E. V. , Chernyaeva I. Yu. , Shvedov A. V.
Published: April 2022

This paper presents the results of studying samples of glass-carbon plastics based on reinforcing fillers subjected to ion-plasma treatment. The influence of the speed of surface treatment on the complex of physical and mechanical characteristics of glass-fiber-reinforced plastics is shown. According to the results of microstructural studies, it was found that ion-plasma treatment promotes an increase in interfacial interaction at the fiber-matrix interface. The effect of ion-plasma treatment of reinforcing fillers on the properties of PCM samples in a moisture-saturated state is shown.
Influence of thermomechanical exposure on the structure of hydrides in irradiated E110 alloy cladding pipes under the conditions of long-term dry storage of spent nuclear fuel
Authors: Kursky R. A. , Rozhkov A. V. , Zabusov O. O. , Maltsev D. A. , Skundin M. A. , Bandura A. P. , Vasilieva E. A. , Shishkin A. A.
Published: April 2022

The penetration of atomic hydrogen into the cladding material of fuel elements of WWER-1000 reactors due to interaction with the coolant during operation can subsequently significantly reduce their plasticity characteristics with a decrease in temperature during long-term dry storage of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) due to the formation of brittle hydrides. The morphology of hydrides influenced by the hydrogen content, storage temperature and circumferential stresses plays a decisive role in the embrittlement of the fuel cladding material. Associated radial hydrides are of particular danger; they constitute the most favorable path for crack propagation.

In the present work, thermomechanical tests of irradiated fuel claddings samples made of the E110 alloy were carried out, simulating normal and emergency conditions of long-term dry storage. It was shown that under the conditions considered, the formation of a significant amount of radially oriented hydrides was observed, leading to degradation of mechanical properties (embrittlement) fuel cladding.
Investigation of the properties, structure and quality of the alloy Ti–4.25Al–2V blanks produced by direct laser deposition
Authors: Leonov V. P. , Molchanova N. F. , Voropaev A. A. , Shalnova S. A. , Chudakov E. V. , Iksanov M. V.
Published: April 2022

The article presents the results of studies of the mechanical properties of the titanium alloy Ti4.25Al-2V, fabricated by direct metal deposition on equipment developed by State Marine Technical University. A comparative analysis of the mechanical properties of the deposited metal in comparison with cast and forged metal is carried out. It is shown that the high level of its properties as regards cast metal is associated with differences in its structure, in particular, with high dispersion
HYPERTEXT BASED INTERACTIVE MEDIA ANALYSIS IN GROWING STUDENT READING INTEREST THROUGH ONLINE LEARNING
Authors: Izza Aqidatul , Munawir Munawir
Published: April 2022

This study discusses the analysis of hypertext-based interactive media in fostering student interest in reading through online learning. The purpose of this study was to determine the use and effectiveness of hypertext-based interactive media use in fostering student reading interest through online learning and the impact of hypertext-based interactive media on students' reading interest through online learning conducted at MTsN 1 Sidoarjo. This study uses a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. Data collection using, observation, questionnaires, interviews and documentation. The results showed that: 1) The results of the observations proved that students had good enthusiasm. In this learning, Islamic education teachers use interactive media in the form of power points; 2) PAI teachers make various efforts to foster students' reading interest when learning online, one of which is trying to get used to the small things that are applied to students by utilizing the media; 3) From the results of a questionnaire which shows that students' reading interest has increased even though gradually. This can be seen from the aspects of preference, interest, attention and involvement. Keywords: Interactive Media, Hypertext, Reading Interest
DESIGN OF ACEH LANGUAGE LEARNING ANDROID BASED APPLICATION FOR PAUD TEACHERS USING USER CENTERED DESIGN (UCD) METHOD
Authors: Mushaddiq Mushaddiq , Yusran Yusran , Fitriani Dewi
Published: April 2022

This research is purpose to develop a android application that can be a Aceh language learning media based on PAUD curriculum. Backgrounds of this research is a requirement of PAUD teacher media for learning Aceh language based on Aceh curriculum. This research using User Centered Design (UCD) for the method and system usability scale (SUS) method for apps usability test, the final result for this apps who tested on 20 respondent consist of 14 respondent from PAUD teacher, 3 respondent from lecture of PTI and 3 respondent from PAUD lecture is79 score point, in the percentile rank graphic this application get B grade and based on adjective rank this apps get good rating, so thi]s app categorized as good apps cause already according to users need and easy to use for users
Spectrum of Thyroid Disease in a Single Patient: A Case of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in a Patient with Graves Disease and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Authors: Patel Pooja , Prater Janna , Baloch Zubair W , Mayrin Jane
Published: April 2022

A 65-year-old male with history of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis on
Levothyroxine developed Graves’ disease with ocular symptoms and was
treated with teprotumumab without improvement. Total thyroidectomy was
performed to control hyperthyroidism. Surgical pathology revealed
multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma. Rarely a spectrum of thyroid
disorders is seen in a single patient.
Detection of preterm birth by maternal urinary volatile organic compound analysis: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Ronde Emma , Frerichs Nina , Brantenaar Shauni , Hassani Sofia El Manouni El , Wicaksono Alfian , Covington James , Boer Nanne De , Meij Tim De , Hankemeier Thomas , Reiss Irwin , Schoenmakers Sam
Published: April 2022

Objective: Prediction of preterm birth is currently not feasible,
resulting in maternal and fetal overexposure to prenatal corticosteroids
and unnecessary hospital admittance. Novel biomarkers seem to hold
potential for predictive applicability, including non-invasive volatile
organic compounds. In this study, we aimed to assess the potential of
urinary volatile organic compound profiles (VOCs) in the identification
of pregnant women at risk for preterm birth. Design, setting,
population: We prospectively collected urine of women admitted for
imminent preterm birth (≧ 24+0 weeks until 36+6 weeks), collected data
on maternal characteristics, including urine cultures, time between
admission and delivery and mode of delivery. Methods and main outcome
measures: Urine samples were analyzed using gas chromatography coupled
to an ion mobility spectrometer (GC-IMS). VOCs of women delivering
preterm and term were compared. Results: Urinary VOCs differed between
women delivering between 28+0 until 36+6 weeks compared to women
admitted for imminent preterm birth but delivering at term (area under
the curve: 0.70). We identified women with either chorioamnionitis (area
under the curve: 0.72) and positive bacterial cultures (area under the
curve: 0.97) based on their urinary VOCs. Conclusions: Urinary VOCs hold
potential for non-invasive prediction of preterm birth. Furthermore,
they may allow for detection of chorioamnionitis and urinary tract
infections in the investigated population. These observations need to be
validated in a larger population prior to clinical implementation.
Funding: This study was funded by the Department of Obstetrics and
Prenatal diagnosis. Keywords: preterm birth, premature delivery,
volatile organic compounds, chorioamnionitis, urinary tract infection,
infection
The nexus between tourism and regional real growth: dynamic panel threshold testing
Authors: Vukovic Darko , Zobov Alexander , Degtereva Ekaterina
Published: April 2022

This study analyzes the nexus between tourism and regional real growth for
European regions at the Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics
(NUTS), level 2, for the period 1995-2019. The study uses the dynamic panel
threshold model to analyze complex relations between variables. As the
dependent variable, we chose real growth rate of regional gross value added
at basic prices by NUTS 2 regions. The independent variable is regional
arrivals at tourist accommodation, while the control variables are health,
household income, and employment at NUTS 2 regional level. The study found
the threshold variable for 95% confidence interval. The marginal effects in
the low inflation regime are higher compared to marginal effects in the high
inflation regime. The study results support tourism-led growth hypothesis,
indicating tourism as a one of the main drivers of regional growth. This
research contributes to rare literature in application of dynamic panel
threshold model in tourism. As an implication, this study can be used as a
methodological approach to analyze the impact of different variables (not
only tourism, but also innovations, technology, well-being, etc.) on
regional growth, especially in countries with high regional differences,
such as the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), Latin America, etc.
America in an age of memory: Pierre Bourdieu’s “The assassination of Maurice Halbwachs” - commentary and translation
Authors: Dickson Tiphaine
Published: April 2022

Maurice Halbwachs? name has become familiar, in America, with the emergence
(and proliferation) of memory studies, yet references to his work tend to be
superficial or totemic. This translation and commentary of a remarkable
tribute written by Pierre Bourdieu in 1987 sheds light on his
methodological and political commitments. It provides a finer grained
picture of Halbwachs as a scholar, sociologist, and product of the
post-Bonapartist French system of education in the late 19th century, a
context of commitment to human progress, while showing, in greater detail,
the nature of the German sociology of the 1930s and 1940s that Bourdieu
argues we should consider is directly related to the Shoah in which
Halbwachs died.
A Gestalt Approach to Culturally Responsive Mental Health Treatment
Authors: PLUMMER DEBORAH L.
Published: April 2022

This article introduces a Gestalt model for culturally responsive mental health treatment that focuses on therapist use-of-self and the bidirectional influence of culture in the therapist/client system. The four components of the model—awareness/attitude, behavior, cultural competence, and data—explore the cultural experience of the therapist, particularly at the level of awareness. The model offers a way for the therapist to organize his/her awareness in concert with interpersonal and societal influences so that culturally appropriate mental health treatment can be provided.
The "Recursive Loop" of Shame: An Alternate Gestalt Therapy Viewpoint
Authors: RESNICK ROBERT W.
Published: April 2022

Shame has become the issue "de jour" of psychotherapy—the alleged cause of almost all psychological difficulties. Too much of the Gestalt therapy shame literature appears to have abandoned our integrative worldview—self regulation, field theory, phenomenology, and dialogue. Eclipsed with superimposed "expert" theory and practice, the client's phenomenological experience is frequently overruled in favor of interpretation, for example, of "hidden shame." Many clinical applications are themselves accused of being a source of further shaming. Clinical work that goes beyond the therapist's nonshaming acceptance and/or the expression of unfinished business is discussed. In the waters of shame, these are the views of a Gestalt salmon.
Confluence, Differentiation, Integration: Toward a Gestalt Theory of Couple Development
Authors: MULLEN PETER F.
Published: April 2022

The author proposes a theory of interpersonal development between couples. Using insights derived from Gestalt theory and constructive developmental psychology, he outlines three phases in the evolution of a couple's relational ground: confluence, on which mutuality is initially established; differentiation, characterized by complementarity; and integration, wherein each person assimilates disowned aspects of the self previously projected onto the other. He presents examples and suggests ways to work with each of the three phases.
Chronic Kidney Disease and Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Rzhevskaya O. N. , Moiseyeva A. Y. , Esaulenko A. N. , Pinchuk A. V. , Alidzhanova Kh. G.
Published: April 2022

The number of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease is steadily growing. With the failure of kidney function, the risk of developing acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with severe coronary artery stenosis and hospital mortality is growing. Case management of CKD and AMI is a complicated task. This review reflects the distinctive features of the course of AMI in hemodialysis patients, patients with kidney transplantation, their diagnosis and treatment.
Rare Types of Perforation of the Gastrointestinal Tract — Diagnosis, Tactics, Treatment
Authors: Blagovestnov D. A. , Kopaliani D. M. , Yartsev P. A. , Samsonov V. T. , Arutyunova V. G. , Skukin D. S.
Published: April 2022

RATIONALE Hollow organ perforation is an urgent problem in abdominal surgery. According to the literature, the incidence of perforation is from 0.37% to 2.3% of cases among various acute surgical pathologies of the abdominal organs. The greatest attention in the literature is paid to the problem of perforated gastroduodenal ulcers. At the same time, a much smaller number of publications, both Russia and foreign, are devoted to other, more rare types of perforations. This situation is most likely explained by the low prevalence of other types of perforations, which, in turn, does not make them a less urgent problem in emergency surgery, which requires a modern approach to the treatment of this group of patients.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Analysis of domestic and foreign literature on the diagnosis and treatment of rare types of benign intestinal perforations.

MATERIAL AND METHODS A literature review was performed for the period from 1994 to 2020 in Russian and in English, available on Pubmed, Medline, Springer, Scopus, E-library, on topics such as perforated diverticula of the small intestine, perforation of Meckel’s diverticulum, perforated ulcers of the small intestine, perforation of the intestine by a foreign body. RESUltS With all the variety of surgical techniques for various types of perforation of the gastrointestinal tract, currently in the literature there are no specific criteria for choosing a particular method of intervention with regard to the cause, level, and duration of perforation.

CONCLUSION The lack of unified approaches in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with rare GIT perforations dictates the need for a more in-depth study of this issue in order to apply and optimize the technique of videolaparoscopic approach, develop a treatment and diagnostic algorithm for patients with suspected perforations of the gastrointestinal tract using the video laparoscopic method.
The Possibilities of Thromboelastography in Assessing Safety of Neuraxial Blocks in Gestational Thrombocytopenia (Clinical Study)
Authors: Plakhotina E. N. , Belousova T. N. , Kuzina N. B. , Kuzovlev A. N. , Bryantsev E. V.
Published: April 2022

Gestational thrombocytopenia (GT) is the most common type of thrombocytopenia during pregnancy. Unlike other types of thrombocytopenia, it is not accompanied by dysfunction of the cellular component of hemostasis. Currently, a quantitative decrease in platelets in GT is a contraindication to neuraxial blockades (NAB), which significantly reduces the quality of care in childbirth.

The aim of the study is to determine the possibility of safe use of neuraxial blockades in gestational thrombocytopenia. A retrospective prospective study involved 70 patients who were performed delivery, depending on obstetric indications, either conservatively or surgically. The patients were divided into two groups. The main group (group No. 1) included 35 patients with gestational thrombocytopenia. The comparison group (group No. 2) consisted of 35 patients with a platelet content above 150×109/l. A comparative intergroup analysis of indicators of a general blood test, coagulogram, thromboelastography with a test for functional fibrinogen before childbirth and 2 days after delivery. The change in platelet content and its effect on the coagulation status of patients during pregnancy were retrospectively analyzed. A comparative assessment of the volume of blood loss during childbirth and the early postpartum period and the risk of complications of neuraxial blockade in patients with and without gestational thrombocytopenia was carried out.

It was found that during gestational thrombocytopenia in the perinatal period, there is no decrease in coagulation potential, assessed by the results of coagulography and thromboelastography at a platelet level above 49×109/l. The investigated indicators of hemostasis did not have significant intergroup differences during pregnancy and childbirth. In the group of patients with gestational thrombocytopenia, the volume of blood loss during labor and the postpartum period did not differ from the group without thrombocytopenia, regardless of the method of delivery. The median blood loss after vaginal delivery in group 1 was 225 ml, in group 2 – 250 ml, with abdominal delivery – 572 ml and 386 ml – respectively. In this study, no complications of neuraxial blockade were observed in any of the groups.

The results obtained suggest that in patients with gestational thrombocytopenia, even with a significant decrease in platelet content, it is possible to perform neuraxial blockades during labor, taking into account the clinical picture and the absence of coagulation disorders confirmed by thromboelastography.
Diaphragmatic Injury in Multisystem Closed Abdominal Trauma: Features of Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Aleksandrov V. V. , Maskin S. S. , Matyukhin V. V.
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION In connection with the increase in the number of cases of combined and multiple injuries among the population, a proportional increase in the number of cases of diaphragm injury is also observed. In this case, shock is observed, damage to the organs of the chest and abdomen prevails in the absence of strictly speciﬁ c clinical symptoms of diaphragm rupture, which leads to a large percentage of medical and diagnostic errors and complications. The described difﬁ culties in diagnosing cases of diaphragm injury dictate the need to develop a standardized approach to the management of this category of patients.

AIM OF STUDY Reﬁ nement of the treatment and diagnostic approach to the management of patients with concomitant blunt trauma and diaphragm injury from the view of modern diagnostic and surgical technologies.

MATERIAL AND METHODS The literature review presents materials of domestic and foreign publications for the period from January 2015 to December 2020, obtained from electronic databases of medical literature PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, eLibrary using the primary search strategy for the following search queries: diaphragm damage, diaphragm rupture, multisystem injury of the chest and abdomen, tactics of multi-stage surgical treatment, closed abdominal trauma, treatment and diagnostic algorithm, thoracoscopy, thoracotomy, laparoscopy, laparotomy (total 308 publications), with subsequent exclusion of experimental studies, non-full-text articles, publications not in Russian or English, manuscripts on open trauma and post-traumatic diaphragmatic hernia older than 30 days old from the moment of injury. The data extraction method was performed by two researchers independently of each other. The analysis was made of multicenter studies, systematic reviews, large case series, original articles (14 retrospective selective studies from 1994 to 2018; a total of 928 patients with closed diaphragmatic injury) and one meta-analysis (2023 patients).

RESULTS The treatment and diagnostic algorithm for multisystem closed diaphragmatic injury has been standardized based on the hemodynamic status of the patient, the indications for minimally invasive and open interventions in this category of patients have been clariﬁ ed, and a description of the staged surgical treatment has been given.

CONCLUSION Timely diagnosis, minimally invasive interventions in the treatment of diaphragmatic injuries, as well as their stage-by-stage organization in conditions of severe polytrauma contribute to a decrease in mortality.
The Problem of the Choice of Revascularization in Combined Lesion of the Coronary and Carotid Arteries. Review of Current Recommendations and Article Series
Authors: Kazantsev A. N. , Vinogradov R. A. , Erofeev A. A. , Kravchuk V. N. , Zharova A. S. , Sorokin А. A. , Shmatov D. V. , Bagdavadze G. Sh. , Korotkikh A. V.
Published: April 2022

This article provides data from the current Russian (National guidelines for the management of patients with diseases of the brachiocephalic arteries of 2013; Recommendations “Blockage and stenosis of the carotid artery” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2016) and foreign (European Society of Cardiology / European Society of Vascular Surgeons for Diagnosis and Treatment Peripheral Artery Diseases 2017; Recommendations for myocardial revascularization of the European Society of Cardiology and the European Association of Cardio-Thoracic Surgeons 2018) recommendations regarding the choice of a revascularization strategy for combined coronary and carotid artery disease. Conclusions are drawn about the unresolved issue. A literature review of the largest series of Russian articles by one institution devoted to this topic was carried out. Hospital and long-term outcomes have been demonstrated, as well as predictors of complications for various revascularization strategies. The stages of creation and the results of approbation of a new computer program for risk stratiﬁ cation, which makes it possible to determine the mathematical probability of the development of unfavorable cardiovascular events during the implementation of various surgical tactics, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient. A conclusion was made about the effectiveness of this development.
Aeromedical Evacuation of Newborns: a Brief Review of the Literature Data and a Clinical Case of Moscow Territorial Scientific and Practical Center of Disaster Medicine
Authors: Gumenyuk S. A. , Petrikov S. S. , Schikota A. M. , Yarema V. I.
Published: April 2022

The issues of medical evacuation by ambulance transport are still widely discussed by specialists. The authors of the article analyzed, using a clinical case as an example, the capabilities of the aviation medical brigade in the conditions of the city of Moscow, as well as the interaction of all emergency services of the metropolis in an emergency situation.
X-ray Surgery for Iatrogenic Bile Duct Injury After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (Single Center Experience)
Authors: Okhotnikov O. I. , Yakovleva M. V. , Gorbacheva O. S. , Okhotnikov O. O.
Published: April 2022

IM OF STUDY To show the possibilities of antegrade X-ray surgical techniques in the treatment of iatrogenic bile duct injuries after videolaparoscopic cholecystectomy.

MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 24 patients with “minor” and 20 patients with “major” (according to Strasberg) iatrogenic injuries of the extrahepatic biliary tract. Antegrade endobiliary intervention was performed in 26 patients, including the “bridge-procedure” variant preceding the reconstructive surgery. Endobiliary drains were maintained during the reconstructive surgery and in the early postoperative period to control the viability of the anastomosis.

When a stricture of the biliodigestive anastomosis (BDA) was detected, balloon dilatation of the anastomotic area was performed. In the subgroup of “minor” injuries, external drainage of the subhepatic biloma in 18 people were supplemented with endoscopic papillotomy in 12 cases.

RESULTS In all patients with “minor” injuries of the biliary tree, X-ray surgical techniques were effective. In 11 patients with “major” bile duct injuries, cholangiostomy drainage was gradually transformed into external-internal drainage. In 2 trauma cases of classes D and E temporary antegrade stenting of the duct injury area with a coated self-expanding endobiliary stent was performed. The follow-up period after removal of the antegrade frame drainage ranged from 8 months to 14 years. There were no stricture or failure of BDA.

CONCLUSION Short-term external biliary drainage, including the use of rendezvous techniques, may be sufﬁ cient to eliminate the failure of the cystic duct stump. Cholangiostomy drainage, temporary endobiliary stent allow preparing the patient for reconstructive intervention. Drainage marking of the damaged area facilitates the veriﬁ cation of tubular structures in the reconstruction area. Preservation of drainage after reconstructive intervention is the prevention of failure of the biliodigestive anastomosis in the early postoperative period, the development of its stricture in the long term.
The Role of Risk Factor in the Surgical Treatment of Hemorrhagic Stroke
Authors: Dashyan V. G. , Godkov I. M. , Khamurzov V. A. , Kryachev R. Yu. , Grin A. A. , Krylov V. V.
Published: April 2022

AIM OF STUDY To identify risk factors for adverse outcomes of surgical treatment of patients with HS.

MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of the results of surgical treatment of 500 patients operated on at the N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute from 1997 to 2020 for hypertensive intracerebral hematomas. The mean age of the patients was 53.1±12.2 years. There were 335 (67%) men and 165 (33%) women.

The level of consciousness before the operation was clear in 176 (35.2%), stupor (11–14 score, GCS) — in 258 (53.6%), sopor (score 9–10, GCS) — in 38 (7.6 %), moderate coma (7–8 score, GCS) — in 10 (2%) patients, deep coma (score 6) — in 7 (1.4%) patients. ICHs were lobar in 218 (43.6%) patients, lateral in 212 (42.4%) patients, thalamic in 10 (2%) patients, mixed in 10 (2%) patients, cerebellar in 50 (10% ) patients. The average volume of ICH was 46.5±25.1 cm3, supratentorial ICH – 49.6±24.5 cm3 (from 4 to 147 cm3), subtentorial — 18.7±6.4 cm3 (from 5 to 36 cm3). The average duration of the surgical intervention was 3.3±2.6 days. The following types of operations were performed: open removal of the ICH in 271 (54.2%) patients, puncture aspiration and local fibrinolysis of the ICH in 98 (19.6%) cases, endoscopic aspiration of the ICG in 131 (26.2%) patients.

RESULTS The risk factors for lethal outcome in HT surgery are the age of patients older than 50 years (χ2=13.9, p<0.04), the volume of cerebral hemispheres more than 50 cm3 (χ2=7.8, p<0.01), the total volume of ICH and perifocal edema more than 100 cm3 (χ2=9.1, p<0.01), transverse dislocation of the median structures of the brain more than 5 mm (χ2=32.2, p<0.0001), axial dislocation of the brain (χ2=16 ,1, p<0.02), BP before surgery higher than 160 mm Hg (χ2=21.9, p<0.002), presence of IVH (χ2=36.9, p<0.00001), AOH (χ2=28.0, p<0.0001), surgery time — the first day after hemorrhage (χ2=64.4, p<0.00001), residual volume of ICH after surgery more than 15 cm3 (χ2=4.0, p<0.05) and recurrence of ICH (χ2=33.1, p<0.00001). The outcomes correlate with the severity of the patient’s condition before surgery (R=0.38, p<0.00001), and the risk factor for death is the depression of consciousness to deep stupor and below (χ2=97.2, p<0.00001).

CONCLUSION Assessment of risk factors can help clarify the prognosis of the outcomes of surgical treatment and optimize the treatment tactics of patients.
Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of CSF Flow Dynamics
Authors: Tokarev A. S. , Talypova D. A. , Terekhin I. A. , Grin A. A.
Published: April 2022

Disorders of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) secretion, dynamics and absorption are common in different illnesses and injuries of the central nervous system (CNS). Nowadays magnetic-resonance tomography (MRI) is the leading research method of CSF dynamics. There are some MRI techniques for both qualitative and quantitative evaluation of CSF dynamic. The assessment of CSF movement is needed to define treatment strategy for patients with different types of hydrocephalus. In this review we have summarized the information about physic basement, area of application of modern MRI techniques. The main attention was paid to modern views on hydrocephalus pathogenesis, pathological CSF flow dynamics in CNS disorders and traumatic brain injury.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation in neurosurgery
Authors: Dmitriev A. Yu. , Dashyan V. G.
Published: April 2022

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a relatively new diagnostic and therapeutic method. Its widespread introduction into neurosurgical practice began in 2009. The method is used for non-invasive detection of eloquent brain areas. The combination with tractography facilitates the projection of pathways. The review summarizes the main results of TMS in the planning of neurosurgical interventions. We described the principle of method, analyzed its beneﬁ ts and shortcomings, compared it with direct cortical stimulation which is a “gold standart” in detection of eloquent brain centers.
IN SEARCH OF PRONOUN EQUIVALENCE: CHALLENGES IN TEACHING INTERPRETING
Authors: Prihantoro Prihantoro
Published: April 2022

There are some challenges in Interpreting; in this study, we focus more on the interpreting of pronouns from English as Source Language (SL) to Indonesian as Target Language (TL). The data was collected within simulations in classroom setting. The results showed many unnatural translation of pronoun it and this. References of these pronouns are anaphoric and may take different linguistic units (clause, phrase, word). There were some strategies employed to achieve natural interpreting in TL. Some students repeated the reference(s); but they need to recover the whole references (might be very challenging when the reference(s) are complex). Other strategies are partial recovery, or lexical addition that complies with TL structure. There are some suggestions for an interpreter to deal with the challenges; one of them is to be familiar with the topic of what they are interpreting. In this way, they do not have to rely on short-term memory skills to decide which strategy to employ.DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/ijiet.2017.010101