bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intramuscular Alfaxalone–Butorphanol–Midazolam Compared with Ketamine–Butorphanol– Midazolam in New Zealand White Rabbits
Authors: Knutson Kyra A , Petritz Olivia A , Thomson Andrea E , Balko Julie A
Published: August 2022

Rabbits are a common companion animal and research subject and frequently require sedation to facilitate procedures. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of intramuscular butorphanol and midazolam combined with either alfaxalone or ketamine in rabbits. In a complete
crossover study, healthy New Zealand white rabbits (n = 9; age, 6 mo) randomly received midazolam (1 mg/kg IM) and butorphanol (1 mg/kg IM) combined with either alfaxalone (2 mg/kg IM; ABM) or ketamine (5 mg/kg IM; KBM). Time to first effects, recumbency, and standing (recovery) were
recorded. Every 5 min during recumbency, an investigator who was blind to treatment group collected serial physiologic parameters and sedation scores. At 5 min after rabbits became recumbent, manipulations were performed to mimic 2-view radiography and a cephalic intravenous catheter was placed.
At 30 min after drug injection, flumazenil (0.05 mg/kg IM) was administered for reversal. Food consumption and fecal output were measured for 3 d after each study day. Time to standing and duration of recumbency differed significantly between groups. The median (range) of the total sedation
score for ABM was 10 (8 to 10) and for KBM was 10 (6 to 10). Sham radiographs were successful in all rabbits in both groups. Physiologic parameters were not significantly different between groups over time. At 24 h after drug treatment, KBM-treated rabbits showed reduced food intake and both
groups showed reduced fecal output. Total sedation scores decreased significantly over time in KBM rabbits ( P < 0.001) but not in ABM rabbits (P = 1). The duration of recumbency was significantly longer in ABM rabbits than in KBM rabbits. Both protocols produced sufficient
sedation for radiograph acquisition without clinically significant adverse effects.
Türkiye'de COVID-19 Sürecinde Yaşlı Olmak, Yaşlıların Bakımına ve İhtiyaçlarına Yönelik Sunulan Sağlık Hizmetleri
Authors: Demirel Cihat , Sungur Meltem , Parlar Kılıç Serap
Published: August 2022

Küresel bir sağlık tehdidi haline gelen koronavirüs hastalığı kısa sürede birçok ülkeyi etkisi altına almış ve pandemiye dönüşmüştür. Tüm yaş gruplarını etkilemesine rağmen hastalığın yaşlılarda daha fazla mortalite ve morbiditeye neden olduğu bilinmektedir. Yaşlı bireyler bu süreçte birçok sorunla karşı karşıya kalmıştır. Sosyal izolasyon, ekonomik yük ve temel ihtiyaçların karşılanmasındaki güçlükler bu sorunlar arasındadır. Yaşlı bireyler bu süreçte yalnız fiziksel değil psikolojik ve ekonomik açıdan da zorluklar yaşamışlardır. Yaşlı bireylerin psiko-sosyal ve fiziksel iyi oluşlarını devam ettirmek amacıyla Dünya Sağlık Örgütü farklı eğitimler planlamıştır. Hastalığı önlemede ve risk grubunda olan yaşlı bireylerin korunmasında en etkili uygulama; izolasyon olarak görülmüştür. Enfeksiyonun bulaşını önlemek amacıyla ülkemizde sosyal ortamlardan izole edilen ilk popülasyon yaşlılardır. Yaşlı bireyler, ikamet ettikleri yerlerde izole edilmiştir. Pandemiyi kontrol altına almak için dünyada ve ülkemizde hükümet önlemleri alınmıştır ve bu süreçte bir takım sağlık hizmetleri sunulmuştur. Bu derlemede; pandemi sürecinde yaşlı bireylerin sorunlarına ve bu süreçte sunulan sağlık hizmetlerine dikkat çekilmiştir.
الجزيرة الحرارية في مدينة الناصرية (دراسة في المناخ التفصيلي)
Authors: كامل علي يونس
Published: August 2022

المستخلص:

    تم تحديد اكثر 24 نقطة رصد في جانب الشامية و27 نقطة للرصد في جانب الجزيرة من مدينة الناصرية لقياس درجة الحرارة و الاشعاع الشمسي كما هو موضح في الخريطة (1), وان اغلب التسميات الواردة في جداول الدراسة هي تسميات لمواقع حقيقية في الخريطة ولكنها لا توجد ضمن خريطة الاساس لان خرائط الاساس هي خرائط ادارية عامة ولا تظهر بها اسماء الشوارع والجسور والاسواق والمناطق الصناعية, بل تظهر بها اسماء عن الحي بصورة عامة وليست بشكل تفصيلي, و لقياس الاشعاع الشمسي خلال فصلي الصيف والشتاء وعلى وجه الخصوص شهري كانون الثاني لفصل الشتاء وشهر تموز لفصل الصيف وعلى وجهة الدقة كانت خلال الايام (5, 15, 25) من كل شهر وهما شهري تموز وكانون الثاني لقياس الاشعاع الشمسي ودرجة الحرارة لكلا جانبي مدينة الناصرية وتم الاعتماد على جهاز نظام تحديد المواقع العالمي GPS  ومن نوع (GARMIN) لتحديد مواقع النقاط في منطقة الدراسة, أما قياس  درجة الحرارة فقد تم استخدام جهاز( (Therm الإلكتروني, وكذلك الاشعاع الشمسي بواسطة جهازSolar) Power  Meter) الالكتروني, لرصد الاشعاع الشمسي ودرجة الحرارة في جانبي مدينة الناصرية وهما (الجزيرة والشامية) وعند مقارنة النتائج المتحصلة من القياس الميداني مع المعدل العام لدرجات الحرارة الصغرى والعظمى ومعدل الاشعاع الشمسي اتضح ان المدينة تعاني من الارتفاع الحراري لا بل انها جزيرة حرارية, وتم استخدام طريقة ( IDW) لرسم الخرائط ولتسقيط مناطق الرصد في الخريطة ولرسم الجزر الحرارية الثانوية و الرئيسية حسب درجات الحرارة المرصدة والاشعاع الشمسي المرصود.

و على الرغم من انها تعد من المحافظات العراقية التي ترتفع فيها درجات الحرارة بمستويات مرتفعة اذا ما قورنت مع غيرها وعلى الرغم من هذا انها تتصف بظاهرة الجزيرة الحرارية في داخلها وكما هو موضح في الدراسة بالتفصيل.
اثر أنموذج إجرائي تعليمي قائم على موجهات الاقتصاد المعرفي في تنمية مهارات التدريس الفعال في مادة التربية العملية لدى طلبة كلية التربية للعلوم الانسانية.
Authors: عبد علاوي خولة
Published: August 2022

ملخص البحث:

          هدف البحث الحالي للتعرف على (اثر أنموذج إجرائي تعليمي قائم على موجهات الاقتصاد المعرفي في تنمية مهارات التدريس الفعال في مادة التربية العملية لدى طلبة كلية التربية للعلوم الانسانية) ولتحقيق هدف البحث استعملت الباحثة المنهج التجريبي ذات الضبط الجزئي ، تكونت عينة البحث من (90) طالباً وطالبة من قسم العلوم التربوية والنفسية في كلية التربية للعلوم الانسانية - جامعة واسط ، وكان هناك (45) طالبا في المجموعة التجريبية درسوا وفقا الأنموذج الإجرائي التعليمي القائم على موجهات الاقتصاد و(45) طالبا درسوا بالطريقة التقليدية ، كافأت الباحثة في المتغيرات الآتية ( العمر-  والذكاء - التطبيق القلبي لمهارات التدريس الفعال) واعدت الباحثة اداة البحث ، الممثلة ببطاقة الملاحظة وتكون من (36) فقرة ، وأظهرت نتائج البحث أن المجموعة التجريبية التي درست وفقا للأنموذج الإجرائي التعليمي القائم على موجهات الاقتصاد كانت متفوقة على طلبة المجموعة الضابطة ، التي كانت تدرس وفقا للأسلوب التقليدي في تنمية مهارات التدريس في مادة التربية العملية.
Ideological Attitudes in the US-China Diplomatic Spat over COVID-19: A Synergy of Socio-Cognitive Approach and Appraisal Theory
Authors: Areem Zghayyir Al-Saaidi Awsan
Published: August 2022

The outbreak of the Covid-19 has caused diplomatic discrepancies between the US and China. Therefore, this paper offers an exploration of how the appraisal theory by Martin and White (2005) might be operationalized critically and linguistically with the socio-cognitive approach (2011) inspired by van Dijk. These theories are interrelated to make the analysis of the ideological attitudes over Covid-19 outbreak among the high-ranking administration more explicit. The researcher thus qualitatively scrutinizes the statements used by US and Chinese officials in tweets and press conferences during March 2020 to identify the factors motivating the use of knowledge, attitudes, power and deep-rooted ideologies which underlie this war of words. The results of this research show that Donald Trump tactfully used language to accomplish his political objectives. The researcher thus concludes that Donald Trump has promoted racist ideologies that discriminate against Chinese individuals through the depiction of Covid-19 as ‘Chinese Virus’. This is evident in the ideological structures of his coronavirus-related press conferences and tweets. Although neither country (China or the USA) has yet been able to provide sufficient evidence to determine the origin of the virus, China has been largely accused of delaying the release of information. What’s more, it is found that the speeches made by official leaders have been significantly influenced by their sociocultural and sociopolitical backgrounds.
علل التّكرار القرآني في تفسير الراغب الأصفهاني
Authors: عبد الزهرة مهدي ناجي , عبد الله ظاهر أحمد
Published: August 2022

مثّل التكرار اللفظي علة تعبيريّة في تفسير الراغب الأصفهاني، بيّن فيها الراغب كيفية تأثير لفظة على لفظة أو تركيب على تركيب في النص القرآني المبارك ، واستطاع الراغب أن يلتمس مجموعة العلل بعضها ظاهرة متعلقة بالمعنى الصريح للألفاظ وبعضها احتاج إلى تأمل ودقة نظر، وقد وجد أن الأعم الأغلب من الألفاظ المكررة فيها دلالة التوكيد سواء أكان التكرار في السورة الواحدة أم في أكثر من سورة ، وسنيّن في هذا البحث علل التكرار اللفظي في هذا التفسير في الأسماء والأفعال والحروف .
Academic Health Sciences Libraries' Outreach and Engagement with North American Indigenous Communities: A Scoping Review
Authors: Cruise Allison , Ellsworth-Kopkowski Alexis , Villezcas A. Nydia , Eldredge Jonathan , Rethlefsen Melissa L.
Published: August 2022

Objective: Through this scoping review we sought to identify trends and themes in how academic health sciences libraries in the United States, Canada and Mexico have supported engagement and outreach with Native Americans, Alaska Natives, First Nations, and Indigenous peoples, in or from those same countries. We also sought to learn and share culturally effective practices for libraries engaging with these communities.Methods: We searched seven bibliographic databases, E-LIS, and multiple sources of grey literature. Results were screened using Covidence and Google Sheets. We utilized Arksey and O’Malley’s framework for scoping reviews and followed principles from Joanna Briggs Institute’s Manual for Evidence Synthesis. We also followed the PRISMA and PRISMA-S guidelines. We determined types of interventions used by academic health sciences libraries in engagement with our included populations, the level of public participation reached by these interventions, what partnerships were established, and what practices emerged.Results: Database searching returned 2,050 unique results, 110 of which were relevant and screened in full text. Additional searching returned 211 unique results for full text screening. After screening, 15 results from database searching were included, and 50 from other sources. From these 65 reports, 45 unique programs were identified. Data extraction was conducted on these programs to identify partners, intervention type, and evaluation method. The programs were categorized using the IAP2 Spectrum of Public Participation.Conclusions: Our scoping review found that many programs were health information trainings, and did not move beyond informing the public with little further involvement. The need for sustained funding, greater community participation and more publishing on engagement and outreach are discussed.
Subglacial hydrology modeling predicts high winter water pressure and spatially variable transmissivity at Helheim Glacier, Greenland
Authors: Sommers Aleah , Meyer Colin , Morlighem Mathieu , Rajaram Harihar , Poinar Kristin , Chu Winnie , Mejia Jessica
Published: August 2022

Sliding velocity of glaciers is influenced by water pressure at the bed. Subglacial hydrology models are helpful for gaining insight into basal conditions, but models depend on several unconstrained physical parameters, and reproducing elevated water pressures in winter has been a challenge. We eliminate terms in the SHAKTI model that rely on uncertain parameters and apply this model to Helheim Glacier in east Greenland to explore the winter base state of the subglacial drainage system in the absence of meltwater inputs from the surface. Our results suggest that meltwater produced at the bed alone can support an active winter drainage system at Helheim. We produce large areas of elevated water pressure and naturally emerging preferential drainage pathways, with a continuum approach that allows for transitions between flow regimes and drainage system opening by melt. Transmissivity varies spatially over several orders of magnitude, including large regions of weak transmissivity, representing poorly connected regions of the system. Deeply incised bed topography controls the location of primary drainage pathways, with high basal melt rates along the steep walls. We examine the influence of frictional heat from sliding by comparing simulations with three different approaches for calculating basal shear stress.
Examining associations between genetic and neural risk for externalizing behaviors in adolescence and early adulthood
Authors: Brislin Sarah J , Salvatore Jessica E , Meyers Jacquelyn L , Kamarajan Chella , Plawecki Martin H. , Edenberg Howard J. , Kuperman Sam , Tischfield Jay , Hesselbrock Victor , Anokhin Andrey , Chorlian David , Schuckit Marc A. , Nurnberger John , Bauer Lance , Pandey Gayathri , Pandey Ashwini Kumar , Kramer John , Chan Grace , Porjesz Bernice , Dick Danielle
Published: August 2022

Background: Researchers have identified genetic and neural risk factors for externalizing behaviors. However, it has not yet been determined if genetic risk is conferred in part through associations with more proximal neurophysiological risk markers. Methods: Participants from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism, a large, family-based study of alcohol use disorders were genotyped and polygenic risk scores for externalizing (EXT PRS) were calculated, based on a recent large-scale GWAS. Associations with target P3 amplitude from a visual oddball task (P3) and broad endorsement of externalizing behaviors (indexed via self-report of alcohol, and cannabis use, and antisocial behavior) were assessed in participants of European (N = 2,885) and African ancestry (N = 1,408). Analyses were also stratified by age (adolescents, age 12-17.9 and young adults, age 18-32).Results: The EXT PRS was significantly associated with higher levels of externalizing behaviors among adolescents and young adults of European ancestry (EA) as well as among young adults of African ancestry (AA). P3 was inversely correlated with externalizing behaviors among young adults and EA adolescents. EXT PRS was not associated with P3 amplitude and therefore, there was no evidence that P3 amplitude indirectly accounted for the association between EXT PRS and externalizing behaviors.Conclusions: The EXT PRS and P3 amplitude were each significantly associated with externalizing behaviors with the most consistent effects seen in young adults. However, these associations with externalizing behaviors appear to be independent of each other, suggesting that they may index different facets of externalizing.
Reduced dominant motor cortex inhibition is associated with increased tic severity in children with Tourette syndrome
Authors: Batschelett Mitchell Allen , Huddleston David , Crocetti Deana , Horn Paul S. , Mostofsky Stewart H. , Gilbert Donald
Published: August 2022

Aim: Compare transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-derived measures of motor cortex (M1) physiology between children with and without Tourette syndrome (TS) and dimensionally analyze TMS measures with TS-related tic and urge symptom severity.Method: 60 8-12-year-old children (30 TS, 3 girls, 10 years, 10 months [1 year, 3 months]; 30 typically developing children - TDC, 7 girls, 10 years, 7 months [1 year, 3 months]) participated. Within TS, 15 children (1 girl, 10 years, 11 months [1 year, 3 months]) had comorbid Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), rated with the Conners 3rd Edition and the parent-reported ADHD rating scale. Tic severity was rated with the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS), and premonitory urge severity with the Individualized Premonitory Urge for Tics Scale (I-PUTS) for children with TS. M1 short interval cortical inhibition (SICI) and intracortical facilitation (ICF) were compared between diagnostic groups and, within TS, correlated with symptom severity using repeated measures regressions.Results: Accounting for ADHD, we found no difference in SICI or ICF in TS vs. TDC (p>.1). Within TS, reduced M1 SICI predicted greater total (p=.012) and global (p=.002) tic severity. There were no associations with urge severity (p>.5). Interpretation: Reduced M1 SICI is robustly associated with increased tic, but not urge, severity.
Alienation and Fragmentation in Naipaul’s A House for Mr. Biswas
Authors: Shrivastwa Bimal Kishore
Published: August 2022

This paper seeks to examine the issues of alienation, fragmentation, and the predicament of identity experienced by Mohun Biswas, the protagonist in V.S. Naipaul’s novel, A House for Mr. Biswas, from the perspective of post-colonialism. To uncover how Naipaul grapples with issues of post-colonialism such as dislocation, identity crisis, and longing for a sense of belonging in an alien world, the research tool taken for the investigation is post-colonialism, with special reference to Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, Homi K. Bhabha, and Leela Gandhi. The research design used for the analysis is textual analysis. The principal finding is that Mr. Biswas, a representative of the novelist’s voice, resides in an alienated situation within his own community, despite the fact that he is physically residing with them. The paper focuses on key terms of postcolonial literature such as dislocation, identity crisis, and diaspora to diagnose the character’s attitudes towards the alienated lifestyle. The readers and scholars interested in researching diaspora literature in future are expected to take the paper as a reference.
Exploring Challenges of Dalit School Education in Nepal An Ethnographic Study
Authors: Subedi Bishow Mani
Published: August 2022

The presence of the Dalits in the mainstream education needs social, historical, legal, cultural, political, and spiritual interferences to emancipate the Dalits from the chain of ignorance. This study, therefore, aimed to explore the challenges for the Dalits in approaching school education in the context of Nepal. Here, after identifying the Dalit concern, I reviewed the related literature. Similarly, the inquiry strategy was qualitative and ontologically based on multiple realities. Thus, I used an ethnographic research design with unstructured interview sessions and participatory observation. Likewise, school teachers, head-teacher, Dalit students, parents, School Management Committee members, and community people were purposively selected to collect information. The data was analyzed and interpreted with the lens of cultural difference theory and caste hierarchy theory to generate meanings. I also used my reflexivity to be aligned with the research and experiences obtained in the study field. The conclusion thus emphasized that the Dalits in Nepal are excluded in terms of cultural differences concerning the non-Dalits and caste hierarchy that is severely rooted in the socio-cultural context of Nepal.
Experiences of Teachers and Students in Multicultural Nepalese Classrooms
Authors: Bhandari Prem Raj , Dhakal Hem Raj
Published: August 2022

This article explores the teachers’ behaviour and students’ experiences in multicultural classrooms in Nepal. Applying the phenomenological qualitative research design, we selected two schools from the study area that have a more diversified population. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with the teachers and students, and a focus group discussion with the students. We used a thematic data analysis procedure to analyze the data. This study found that the schools’ policies are unable to address the needs of culturally different children. The schools have focused on providing economic support to the students rather than addressing their cultural needs. We found that the traditional training packages for teachers were insufficient to deal with multicultural classrooms. Because of a lack of knowledge of cultural, language, and feelings of students’ and families’ background, teachers were unable to deal with the students properly. Although the teachers were sincere on cultural issues nowadays, at the beginning of their career, their practices were not child-friendly. At the same time, we found that the experiences of students were also disgraceful in the school related to culture and language. They had difficulties in classroom adjustment because of being a different culture, they had problems in proper pronunciation and tongue in the Nepali language.
Comparação de custo entre alvenaria estrutural e concreto armado para um edifício de quatro pavimentos na Região Norte do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Danieli Perboni  , Gabriele Rech Silveira  , Baruffi Diniane , Vitor Piran Cerioli
Published: August 2022

Com o constante desenvolvimento da construção civil, torna-se cada vez mais necessária a procura por métodos construtivos eficientes, que proporcionem uma solução, tanto na redução de custos quanto na produtividade, aliando qualidade e tecnologia. O presente trabalho aponta um estudo comparativo entre os sistemas construtivos de alvenaria estrutural e de concreto armado, de modo a verificar qual o sistema mais adequado, ponderando seus prazos de execução, qualidade e principalmente economia. Na realização do comparativo foi utilizado o projeto de uma obra multifamiliar, já finalizada em alvenaria estrutural, simulando a mesma no sistema em concreto armado para elaboração de quantitativos e custos estabelecidos pelo Sistema Nacional de Preços e Índices para a Construção Civil – SINAPI e na região norte do RS, formando planilhas orçamentárias com valores específicos. Os resultados encontrados neste estudo apontam a alvenaria estrutural como uma alternativa mais atraente, financeiramente, apresentando uma redução de até 46,17% quando comparado ao sistema em concreto armado.
Gonococcal Pelvic Inflammatory Disease with Sepsis Criteria: Review of 2 Cases
Authors: De-Miguel-Manso Sonia
Published: August 2022

Background: Infection caused by Neisseria Gonorrhoeae increases the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Gonococcal PID tends to be clinically more severe than non-gonococcal ones. The main is to present two cases of gonococcal PID, with rapid clinical and analytic progression, leading to severe sepsis, but without imaging manifestations. Clinical presentation: 1. 41-year-old patient with replacement of intrauterine releasing levonorgestrel device (IUD), presented abdominal pain and green vaginal discharge. Abdominal examination revealed signs of peritoneal irritation and blood test showed leukocytosis, increased C Reactive Protein and procalcitonin, as well as coagulation abnormalities. Imaging tests (vaginal ultrasound/tomography) revealed no structural pathology, without collections. Given the criteria of severe sepsis, broadspectrum intravenous (iv) antibiotic therapy was started and laparoscopy and IUD removal were performed. Cervical and IUD cultures were positive for Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 2. 20-year-old woman, with an IUD, consulted for abdominal pain, low-grade fever and green vaginal discharge. Abdominal examination suggested peritoneal sensitivity and laboratory tests leukocytosis, increased C Reactive Protein and procalcitonin with coagulation abnormalities. Imaging tests (vaginal ultrasound/tomography) showed no structural pathology, without collections. Despite analgesia and broad-spectrum iv antibiotics, the patient worsened, proceeding to remove the IUD. Given the criteria compatible with severe sepsis, laparoscopy was decided. Endocervical and IUD cultures revealed Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Conclusions: Facing the situation of an acute PID with severe and fast clinical worsening even without findings in imaging tests, we should consider gonococcal ethiology as a possible cause. Surgical approach shouldn’t be delayed in order to control the infection and rule out other possible diagnosis.
Restoration Treatment for Female Patients with Non-Bearing Pregnancy at the Early Terms of Gestation
Authors: Bugaevsky Konstantin Anatolyevich
Published: August 2022

The article presents the research materials devoted to the peculiarities of carrying out the rehabilitation treatment and rehabilitation of patients, after the artificial termination of pregnancy in the early stages. Methods and means of non-drug restorative treatment are described, practical recommendations for its practical application at different stages of rehabilitation are given.
Cutaneous Metastsis of An Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma to The Face
Authors: Laibangyang Anya
Published: August 2022

Background: Cutaneous metastasis is uncommon in endometrial cancer. Recurrence to the skin has been demonstrated to occur in the abdomen, pelvis and scalp. This is the first case presented of a cutaneous metastasis to the face. Case: A 60-year-old Nepalese woman stage 1A grade 1 endometrial adenocarcinoma experienced metastasis to her external iliac lymph node 15 months after her initial presentation. After the recurrence was treated with chemotherapy, she experienced cutaneous metastasis of her endometrial carcinoma to her face 34 months after her initial surgery. The patient passed away 3 months after. Conclusion: Endometrial adenocarcinoma can metastasize to the face and is associated with a poor prognosis
Escuelas campesinas e indígenas en el desarrollo local, social y ambiental en Puebla
Authors:   El  Colegio  de  Postgraduados, Díaz Cervantes Rufino
Published: August 2022

En este trabajo se discuten los avances de procesos educativos alternativos concretados en las propuestas de las Escuelas Campesinas e Indígenas (ECI) que posicionan a los campesinos(as) e indígenas como sujetos agentes o actantes del desarrollo local y territorial, fomentando el empoderamiento a través de potenciar los saberes tradicionales, el diálogo con conocimientos técnicos y de las capacidades individuales y colectivas que ayudan a enfrentar los retos de las estrategias de reproducción social. La propuesta considera los discursos teórico-metodológicos que contribuyen a la crítica de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje convencionales al modelo de desarrollo económico hegemónico, para mostrar que las sociedades campesinas e indígenas son poseedoras en saberes y experiencias que pueden sostener iniciativas alternativas de desarrollo. Esta propuesta evidencia la importancia del trabajo interdisciplinario y la necesidad de fortalecer la investigación colaborativa, participante y comprometida entre campesinos, campesinas, pueblos originarios, autoridades locales y de otros agentes del desarrollo.
Desigualdad y políticas distributivas en México
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Sovilla Bruno , Luna Sánchez Adriana ,   Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Landero Ton Karla Irene ,   Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas
Published: August 2022

Los altos niveles de desigualdad en la distribución del ingreso en México no vienen captados a través de la Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos en los Hogares, que subestima la concentración del ingreso en el decil más rico, y el coeficiente de Gini. En la primera parte de este trabajo utilizamos la función de distribución de Pareto para mostrar que la desigualdad puede ser mucho más alta de la que aparece en los datos oficiales. Sucesivamente mostramos la necesidad de aplicar políticas distributivas no convencionales (pre-distributivas) para reducir la desigualdad, en lugar de elevar la presión fiscal y aumentar la progresividad del sistema tributario, como sugería Kaldor.
Factors influencing the design concept of Trondheim School Of Architecture
Authors: Kamynina A. S. , Reznitskaya L. M.
Published: August 2022

The design concept of the Trondheim School of Architecture is modernization of architectural education in Europe in the 21st century. Education must include the understanding of principles of sustainable development, social context, place for design of buildings, transformation of the professional architectural mentality to make creative methods a part of continuous and harmonic, spiritual cultural process. The learning environment must provide knowledge and skills and a stimulus for personal development. The rapid change in the living environment in the 21st century has presented new challenges future architects. These problems most of all affect the design concepts of new architectural schools, including the Trondheim School of Architecture.
Mechanical strength testing of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene film
Authors: Ovsyannikov S. N. , Okolichnyi V. N.
Published: August 2022

Mechanical strength testing of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) film is performed on the test machine INSTRON. The average elastic modulus of the film is 35.8 MPa. Under subsequent loading, the elastic-to-plastic stage transition occurs with decreasing elastic modulus to 1.78–2.71 MPa and then to 0.06–0.086 MPa. Strength testing of the ETFE film 250 µm thick at 8.577 kPa uniformly distributed load does not lead to the film rupture either at positive (15–18 °С) or negative temperatures (–23–29 °С). A multiple damage of the film under an 8.50 kPa load at −26 °С does not lead to its disruption. The film bending at positive and negative temperatures reaches 84 and 58.2 mm, respectively. Strength testing of the ETFE film demonstrates its ultra-high strength properties, and thus predicts its wide use in the formation of comfortable conditions in buildings created in Arctic and other territories of Russia.
Current trends in the formation of art objects in urban environment ("Viaduk" community in Voronezh
Authors: Shutka А. V. , Gureva Е. I.
Published: August 2022

The article discusses the main trends in the formation of art objects in the urban environment. Special attention is paid to the development of aestheticizing the urban environment.

   Art objects are studied in the urban context.

   The article analyzes the concepts of creating art objects in the urban space. Variants of art objects are proposed in accordance with the creation of a comfortable urban environment. The article substantiates the idea about art objects in the urban environment as elements of the urban space identification.
Cervical spondylotic myelopathy with severe axial neck pain: is anterior or posterior approach better?
Authors: Chan Andrew K. , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Gottfried Oren N. , Park Christine , Than Khoi D. , Bisson Erica F. , Bydon Mohamad , Asher Anthony L. , Coric Domagoj , Potts Eric A. , Foley Kevin T. , Wang Michael Y. , Fu Kai-Ming , Virk Michael S. , Knightly John J. , Meyer Scott , Park Paul , Upadhyaya Cheerag , Shaffrey Mark E. , Buchholz Avery L. , Tumialán Luis M. , Turner Jay D. , Michalopoulos Giorgos D. , Sherrod Brandon A. , Agarwal Nitin , Chou Dean , Haid Regis W. , Mummaneni Praveen V.
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to determine whether multilevel anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) or posterior cervical laminectomy and fusion (PCLF) is superior for patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) and high preoperative neck pain.

METHODS

This was a retrospective study of prospectively collected data using the Quality Outcomes Database (QOD) CSM module. Patients who received a subaxial fusion of 3 or 4 segments and had a visual analog scale (VAS) neck pain score of 7 or greater at baseline were included. The 3-, 12-, and 24-month outcomes were compared for patients undergoing ACDF with those undergoing PCLF.

RESULTS

Overall, 1141 patients with CSM were included in the database. Of these, 495 (43.4%) presented with severe neck pain (VAS score > 6). After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, we compared 65 patients (54.6%) undergoing 3- and 4-level ACDF and 54 patients (45.4%) undergoing 3- and 4-level PCLF. Patients undergoing ACDF had worse Neck Disability Index scores at baseline (52.5 ± 15.9 vs 45.9 ± 16.8, p = 0.03) but similar neck pain (p > 0.05). Otherwise, the groups were well matched for the remaining baseline patient-reported outcomes. The rates of 24-month follow-up for ACDF and PCLF were similar (86.2% and 83.3%, respectively). At the 24-month follow-up, both groups demonstrated mean improvements in all outcomes, including neck pain (p < 0.05). In multivariable analyses, there was no significant difference in the degree of neck pain change, rate of neck pain improvement, rate of pain-free achievement, and rate of reaching minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in neck pain between the two groups (adjusted p > 0.05). However, ACDF was associated with a higher 24-month modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association scale (mJOA) score (β = 1.5 [95% CI 0.5–2.6], adjusted p = 0.01), higher EQ-5D score (β = 0.1 [95% CI 0.01–0.2], adjusted p = 0.04), and higher likelihood for return to baseline activities (OR 1.2 [95% CI 1.1–1.4], adjusted p = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONS

Severe neck pain is prevalent among patients undergoing surgery for CSM, affecting more than 40% of patients. Both ACDF and PCLF achieved comparable postoperative neck pain improvement 3, 12, and 24 months following 3- or 4-segment surgery for patients with CSM and severe neck pain. However, multilevel ACDF was associated with superior functional status, quality of life, and return to baseline activities at 24 months in multivariable adjusted analyses.
The Ukrainian Happiness Is Going to Proceed
Authors: Zborovska Xenija , Lushch-Purii Uliana
Published: August 2022

The review of the main topics of The Third International Scientific Conference “Happiness and Contemporary Society” held in Ukraine on March 20, 2022 dur­ing the war with russia are presented. The ideas published in the Proceedings of the conference which are promising for further elaboration for reasons of pro­moting national, cultural and economic growth of Ukraine, are analyzed. The ef­fectiveness of the happiness-oriented approach in interdisciplinary research is illustrated.
Neo-modern vs retrospective non/pre-modern in the battle for Enlightenment
Authors: Perepelytsia Oleh M. , Khrabrova Olha V.
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the understanding of the war waged by russia against Ukraine in the context of enlightenment projections of post(non/pre)modern. The article reveals a nihilistic orientation towards (self)destruction of the simu­lacrum of the russian empire, which was formed in the situation of post(non/pre) modernity, which created a certain fork between the (post)modern perspective and the retrospective fall into premodern barbarism. From this point of view, the war against Ukraine unleashed by the putin regime is seen as a clash between the (post)modern perspective chosen by Ukraine and the retrospective of the barbar­ic (post)non-/pre-modern imperialism that russia has chosen. It is emphasized that (post(under))modern trajectories of development, and in particular war, re­veal certain failures of the modern/enlightenment project, which took place in the compatibility of three mediations: monetary/market, discursive/communicative, sexual/erotic. russian authorities and propaganda demonstrate the pre-modern rejection of these mediations, deny the referentiality of language and communica­tive discourse, devalue market freedom and sexual freedoms, and destroy any dis­tinction. Thus, the destructive barbarism that manifests itself in russian aggres­sion is the embodiment of the retrospective nature of the impulse non/pre, whose negative logic tends to Nothing. Thus, it is a post(non/pre)modern incarnation of archaism in (schizo)fascism, characterized by internal divisions and the practice of external division, fueled by the movement of return / repetition. It is noted that the choice of civilization requires not only resistance to any manifestations of (non/pre)modern barbarism, but also requires the actualization of neomod­ern. Focused mainly on high-quality consumption and spectacles Western civili­zation should recognize the need to defend itself with the help of an army/force against the threat of its destruction by barbarians and assert itself not through the constant narrowing of its own borders, but through their radical opening, not through the constant postponement of decisions, but through immediate accep­tance of the challenge to its being.
Education in virtual space of collective action in the conditions of pandemic of COVID-19: social-philosophical aspect
Authors: Polishchuk Oleksandr , Polishchuk Olena
Published: August 2022

It is proved that one of the tasks of modern education is the maximum use of information and communication technologies. After all, these technologies are one of the means that allows to realize the tasks of education in the conditions of pandemic and war. Due to these possibilities, modern education in most cases has moved from real classrooms to virtual ones. Virtual space creates possibilities for overcoming of temporal and spatial borders in the acquisition of knowledge, promotes the formation of social groups, within which there is an exchange and capture that or other information, knowledge. Features of the formation of col­lective action are considered. Attention is paid to the conditions with which the world met in the XXI century – COVID-19. The aim of this article is to analyse the peculiarities of the formation of collective action in cyberspace in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic based on a survey. The theoretical and methodological component consists of general and special methods and approaches: systemic and sociological. The COVID-19 pandemic has forced society to become virtual, most life processes have moved from real life to cyberspace, such as education, and people have become more able to communicate on social networks. However, the links that arise in the virtual space of social networks are weaker, and not always the expected collective action of the social group can justify itself from the standpoint of the number of participants or the goal, it is not always adequately transferred from the virtual world to the real. This is due to the fact that in the virtual world, social connections are built on a horizontal basis and do not involve vertical relationships. And such relations do not have the features of the forma­tion of collective action, which are inherent in the real, material world. The study surveyed respondents of different ages. The results of the survey showed that the basis for the formation of collective action, and identity in social networks are dominated by values and moral and ethical attitudes within the group, which determine the peculiarity of collective action and society in these real conditions and determine the development of society. After all, 58.5% of respondents clearly stated that the social networks in which they are members have an impact on them. That is, the social network under these conditions is almost the main fac­tor in the formation of personality and self. Displace attention on possibility of grant of educational services in the conditions of pandemic and war, using vir­tual space. Taking for basis philosophy of studies during life, it is shown that the virtual world gives equal possibilities all wishing to get education or additional knowledge regardless of age.
Person re-identification based on multi-scale global feature and weight-driven part feature
Authors: Tang Qingwei , Yan Pu , Chen Jie , Shao Hui , Wang Fuyu , Wang Gang
Published: August 2022

Person re-identification (ReID) is a crucial task in identifying pedestrians of interest across multiple surveillance camera views. ReID methods in recent years have shown that using global features or part features of the pedestrian is extremely effective, but many models do not have further design models to make more reasonable use of global and part features. A new model is proposed to use global features more rationally and extract more fine-grained part features. Specifically, our model captures global features by using a multi-scale attention global feature extraction module, and we design a new context-based adaptive part feature extraction module to consider continuity between different body parts of pedestrians. In addition, we have added additional enhancement modules to the model to enhance its performance. Experiments show that our model achieves competitive results on the Market1501, Dukemtmc-ReID, and MSMT17 datasets. The ablation experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of each module of our model. The code of our model is available at: https://github.com/davidtqw/Person-Re-Identification.
Physical Activity and Health-related Quality of Life from Diagnosis to One Year After Radical Cystectomy in Patients with Bladder Cancer: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Rammant Elke , Van Hecke Ann , Van Cauwenberg Jelle , Decaestecker Karel , Poppe Lindsay , Russel Beth , Bultijnck Renée , Albersen Maarten , Verhaeghe Sofie , Van Hemelrijck Mieke , Colman Roos , Deforche Benedicte , Fonteyne Valérie
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND:

Emerging evidence shows a positive impact of physical activity (PA) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in cancer patients. However, longitudinal evidence on PA and HRQoL in patients with bladder cancer (BC) undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) is lacking.

OBJECTIVES:

To investigate PA levels, HRQoL outcomes and their relationship from diagnosis to one year after RC in BC patients.

METHODS:

A longitudinal cohort study in 90 BC patients was conducted at Ghent and Leuven University Hospitals between April 2017 and December 2020. The Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ) and the EORTC QLQ-C30 and BLM30 were used to measure PA and HRQoL, respectively, before RC, one, three, six and twelve months after RC. Linear mixed models were used for statistical analyses.

RESULTS:

The majority was physically inactive before RC (58%), at month one (79%), three (53%), six (61%) and twelve (64%). Among (moderately) active patients, light-intensity activities (mainly walking) were important contributors to the total amount of PA. Clinically important and low HRQoL outcomes in different domains were identified with lowest scores at diagnosis and one month after RC. Active patients before RC have better physical functioning (mean difference (MD) -22.7, standard error (SE) 8.7, p = 0.011), global health status (MD -15.9, SE 6.9, p = 0.023) and fatigue (MD 19.9, SE 9.5, p = 0.038) one month after RC, compared to inactive patients. Active patients at month have better physical functioning (MD -16.2, SE 6.9, p = 0.023) and sexual functioning (MD -16.8, SE 5.4, p = 0.003; MD -13.5, SE 5.5, p = 0.017) at month six and twelve, respectively, compared to inactive patients.

CONCLUSIONS:

Higher PA levels are associated with better HRQoL outcomes for BC patients undergoing RC. The data suggests that PA interventions could be an asset to improve BC patients’ HRQoL, but should be tested in future trials.
Biomarkers of Inflammation Increase with Tau and Neurodegeneration but not with Amyloid-β in a Heterogenous Clinical Cohort
Authors: Michopoulou Sofia , Prosser Angus , Kipps Christopher , Dickson John , Guy Matthew , Teeling Jessica
Published: August 2022

Background: Neuroinflammation is an integral part of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. Inflammatory mediators can exacerbate the production of amyloid-β (Aβ), the propagation of tau pathology and neuronal loss. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between inflammation markers and established markers of AD in a mixed memory clinic cohort. Methods: 105 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from a clinical cohort under investigation for cognitive complaints were analyzed. Levels of Aβ42, total tau, and phosphorylated tau were measured as part of the clinical pathway. Analysis of inflammation markers in CSF samples was performed using multiplex immune assays. Participants were grouped according to their Aβ, tau, and neurodegeneration status and the Paris-Lille-Montpellier (PLM) scale was used to assess the likelihood of AD. Results: From 102 inflammatory markers analyzed, 19 and 23 markers were significantly associated with CSF total tau and phosphorylated tau levels respectively (p < 0.001), while none were associated with Aβ42. The CSF concentrations of 4 inflammation markers were markedly elevated with increasing PLM class indicating increased likelihood of AD (p < 0.001). Adenosine deaminase, an enzyme involved in sleep homeostasis, was the single best predictor of high likelihood of AD (AUROC 0.788). Functional pathway analysis demonstrated a widespread role for inflammation in neurodegeneration, with certain pathways explaining over 30% of the variability in tau values. Conclusion: CSF inflammation markers increase significantly with tau and neurodegeneration, but not with Aβ in this mixed memory clinic cohort. Thus, such markers could become useful for the clinical diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders alongside the established Aβ and tau measures.
Data sampling approach using heuristic Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ) classifier for software defect prediction
Authors: Amanullah M. , Thanga Ramya S. , Sudha M. , Gladis Pushparathi V.P. , Haldorai Anandakumar , Pant Bhaskar
Published: August 2022

On the basis of quality estimate, early prediction and identification of software flaws is crucial in the software area. Prediction of Software Defects SDP is defined as the process of exposing software to flaws through the use of prediction models and defect datasets. This study recommended a method for dealing with the class imbalance problem based on Improved Random Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE), followed by Linear Pearson Correlation Technique to perform feature selection to predict software failure. On the basis of the SMOTE data sampling approach, a strategy for software defect prediction is given in this paper. To address the class imbalance, the defect datasets were initially processed using the Improved Random-SMOTE Oversampling technique. Then, using the Linear Pearson Correlation approach, the features were chosen, and using the k-fold cross validation process, the samples were split into training and testing datasets. Finally, Heuristic Learning Vector Quantization is used to classify data in order to predict software problems. Based on measures like sensitivity, specificity, FPR, and accuracy rate for two separate datasets, the performance of the proposed strategy is contrasted with the approaches to classification that presently exist.
New hybrid support vector regression methods for predicting fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting concrete
Authors: Wang Jinyan , Wu Fangjing
Published: August 2022

Most of the published literature on concrete containing fly ash was limited to predicting the hardened properties of concrete. It is understood that exist so restricted studies focusing on forecasting both hardened and fresh features of self-compacting concrete (SCC). Hence, it is goaled for developing models for predicting the fresh and hardened properties of SCC by the support vector regression method (SVR). This study aims to specify SVR method key parameters using Ant lion optimization (ALO) and Biogeography-based optimization (BBO) algorithms. The considered properties of SCC in the fresh phase are the L-box test, V-funnel test, slump flow, and in the hardened phase is CS. Results demonstrate powerful potential in the learning section for all considered properties as well as approximating in the testing phase. It can be seen that the proposed models have R2 incredible value in the learning and testing phase. It means that the correlation between observed and predicted properties of SCC from hybrid models is acceptable so that it represents high accuracy in the training and approximating process. All in all, in most of the cases, the SVR model developed by ALO outperforms BBO-SVR, which depicts the capability of the ALO algorithm for determining the optimal parameters of the considered method.