bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermal evolution of cobalt deposits on Co3O4(111): atomically dispersed cobalt, two-dimensional CoO islands, and metallic Co nanoparticles
Authors: Mehl S. , Ferstl P. , Schuler M. , Toghan A. , Brummel O. , Hammer L. , Schneider M. A. , Libuda J.
Published: August 2015

Cobalt deposition onto Co3O4(111) leads to formation of atomically dispersed cobalt species, which form ordered two-dimensional oxide islands upon annealing.
A novel phase of beryllium fluoride at high pressure
Authors: Rakitin Maksim S. , Oganov Artem R. , Niu Haiyang , Esfahani M. Mahdi Davari , Zhou Xiang-Feng , Qian Guang-Rui , Solozhenko Vladimir L.
Published: August 2015

A previously unknown thermodynamically stable high-pressureC2/cphase of BeF2has been predicted using the evolutionary algorithm USPEX in the pressure range 18–27 GPa.
Adsorption and interaction of CO2 on rutile TiO2(110) surfaces: a combined UHV-FTIRS and theoretical simulation study
Authors: Cao Yunjun , Hu Shujun , Yu Min , Yan Shishen , Xu Mingchun
Published: August 2015

P-polarized RAIR spectra of CO2 adsorbed on reduced rutile TiO2(110) surfaces as a function of CO2 dosage and adsorption temperature. The incidence plane is along (a) the [001] azimuth and (b) the [11̄0] azimuth respectively.
Asymmetric epoxidation of unfunctionalized olefins accelerated by thermoresponsive self-assemblies in aqueous systems
Authors: Zhang Yaoyao , Tan Rong , Zhao Guangwu , Luo Xuanfeng , Yin Donghong
Published: August 2015

A thermoresponsive self-assembled nanoreactor, comprising a hydrophilic PNIPAAm shell and a hydrophobic chiral salen MnIII complex core, exhibits unprecedented efficiency and facile reusability in asymmetric epoxidation of unfunctionalized olefins in pure water without using any organic solvents.
Hierarchical nanospheres based on Pd nanoparticles dispersed on carbon coated magnetite cores with a mesoporous ceria shell: a highly integrated multifunctional catalyst
Authors: Li Yinle , Zhang Zhuqing , Shen Jianfeng , Ye Mingxin
Published: August 2015

The novel multifunctional Fe3O4@C–Pd@CeO2 nanospheres show excellent catalytic performance in the Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction and the reduction of 4-nitrophenol.
A probe with aggregation induced emission characteristics for screening of iodide
Authors: Chopra Rakesh , Kaur Paramjit , Singh Kamaljit
Published: August 2015

Emission of spherically aggregated form of a triazole based probe dies down upon detecting iodide.
Probing the effect of heterocycle-bonding in PNX-type ruthenium pre-catalysts for reactions involving H2
Authors: Xu W. , Langer R.
Published: August 2015

This study describes a series of ruthenium complexes with PNX-type ligands (X = heterocyclic donor group), and their catalytic activities in hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions are compared.
Dinuclear copper(i) complexes with N-heterocyclic thione and selone ligands: synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical studies
Authors: Kimani Martin M. , Watts David , Graham Leigh A. , Rabinovich Daniel , Yap Glenn P. A. , Brumaghim Julia L.
Published: August 2015

We report dinuclear copper(i) complexes with a variety of monodentate and bidentate thione- and selone-containing ligands. Cu(ii/i) potentials were tuned in a 470 mV range depending on the chalcogenone ligands.
Selective amination of aryl chlorides catalysed by Ni(PMe3)4
Authors: Zhang Shumiao , Li Xiaoyan , Sun Hongjian
Published: August 2015

C,N-coupling reactions of aryl chlorides and aryl amines catalyzed by a nickel catalyst are reported.
Efficient charge-transport in hybrid lead iodide perovskite solar cells
Authors: Zhao Jinjin , Wang Peng , Wei Liyu , Liu Zhenghao , Fang Xueqian , Liu Xianglin , Ren Deliang , Mai Yaohua
Published: August 2015

We demonstrate a controllable TiCl4 processing technique for mesoporous TiO2 films, which modifies to achieve a uniform and high-coverage perovskite absorber layer, improves their charge collection and injection rate and enhances the device performance.
Synthesis and optical properties of the first lead borate bromide with isolated BO3groups: Pb2Ba3(BO3)3Br
Authors: Jing Qun , Dong Xiaoyu , Yang Zhihua , Pan Shilie
Published: August 2015

Single crystals of a new compound Pb2Ba3(BO3)3Br have been grown by a spontaneous crystallization method.
A novel metal–organic framework based on bismuth and trimesic acid: synthesis, structure and properties
Authors: Wang Guanzhi , Liu Yuanyuan , Huang Baibiao , Qin Xiaoyan , Zhang Xiaoyang , Dai Ying
Published: August 2015

A bismuth based metal–organic framework ([Bi(BTC)(DMF)]·DMF· (CH3OH)2, Bi–BTC) with a novel topology structure is synthesized by a solvothermal method.
Reducing the charging voltage of a Li–O2battery to 1.9 V by incorporating a photocatalyst
Authors: Liu Yang , Li Na , Wu Shichao , Liao Kaiming , Zhu Kai , Yi Jin , Zhou Haoshen
Published: August 2015

A photoassisted chargeable Li–O2battery is developed by integrating a g-C3N4photocatalyst, which delivers an ultralow charging voltage of 1.9 V.
Hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) from fossil- vs. bio-based routes: an economic and life cycle assessment comparative study
Authors: Dros A. B. , Larue O. , Reimond A. , De Campo F. , Pera-Titus M.
Published: August 2015

A series of biobased routes are critically scrutinized for the production of hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) using 5-hydroxymethylene furfural (HMF) as intermediate building block.
Programmable bio-nano-chip system: a flexible point-of-care platform for bioscience and clinical measurements
Authors: McRae Michael P. , Simmons Glennon W. , Wong Jorge , Shadfan Basil , Gopalkrishnan Sanjiv , Christodoulides Nicolaos , McDevitt John T.
Published: August 2015

The programmable bio-nano-chip (p-BNC) is an ultra-flexible system for multiplexed and multiclass assays on a universal modular lab-on-a-chip platform for clinical and bioscience applications at the point-of-care.
Serendipitous discovery of an efficient method for the synthesis of dimeric-RGD analogues using DMAP-photoirradiation
Authors: Zhang Ruiping , Sun Yao , Qiao Ying , Li Jianding , Xie Jun
Published: August 2015

We describe a novel disulfide reaction via UV/DMAP methodology for efficient construction of simple disulfides and structurally complex peptides.
Enhanced immunogenicity of multivalent MUC1 glycopeptide antitumour vaccines based on hyperbranched polymers
Authors: Glaffig M. , Palitzsch B. , Stergiou N. , Schüll C. , Straßburger D. , Schmitt E. , Frey H. , Kunz H.
Published: August 2015

A fully synthetic multivalent MUC1 glycopeptide vaccine based on a hyperbranched polyglycerol core induced IgG antibodies which strongly recognise epithelial tumour cells.
Bioorthogonal phase-directed copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (PDCuAAC) coupling of selectively cross-linked superoxide dismutase dimers produces a fully active bis-dimer
Authors: Siren Erika M. J. , Singh Serena , Kluger Ronald
Published: August 2015

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a 32 kDa dimeric enzyme that actively removes a toxic oxygen species within red cells.
Size dependent ion-exchange of large mixed-metal complexes into Nafion® membranes
Authors: Naughton Elise M. , Zhang Mingqiang , Troya Diego , Brewer Karen J. , Moore Robert B.
Published: August 2015

Ion-exchange of large multivalent cations in Nafion® membranes: kinetics of exchange and implications for more open morphological models.
Regioisomeric control of charge transport polarity for indigo-based polymers
Authors: Guo Chang , Quinn Jesse , Sun Bin , Li Yuning
Published: August 2015

Two regioisomeric conjugated polymers containing indigo units connected at 5,5′- and 6,6′-positions exhibit opposite charge transport polarity.
Conductive polythiophene-based brushes grafted from an ITO surface via a self-templating approach
Authors: Wolski K. , Gruszkiewicz A. , Zapotoczny S.
Published: August 2015

Conductive polythiophene-based brushes grafted from an indium tin oxide substrate were fabricated as promising materials with directional conductivity feature for potential optoelectronic applications.
Highly regioselective and alternating copolymerization of carbonyl sulfide with phenyl glycidyl ether
Authors: Luo M. , Zhang X.-H. , Darensbourg D. J.
Published: August 2015

Polymer structures containing sulfur atoms can provide enhancement of important polymer properties compared to their oxygen-containing counterparts.
Novel organic–inorganic hybrids based on T8 and T10 silsesquioxanes: synthesis, cage-rearrangement and properties
Authors: Janeta Mateusz , John Łukasz , Ejfler Jolanta , Szafert Sławomir
Published: August 2015

A simple approach for the synthesis of well-defined macromolecules based on isolated amino- and amido-functionalized octa T8 and deca T10 silsesquioxanes is presented. Here we show how the reorganization of the siloxane cage-like core (cage rearrangement) can be performed.
Three-dimensional CoS2/RGO hierarchical architecture as superior-capability anode for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Fu Fei , Chen Yuanfu , Li Pingjian , He Jiarui , Wang Zegao , Lin Wei , Zhang Wanli
Published: August 2015

The porous three-dimensional CoS2/RGO (3DCG) anode exhibits outstanding cyclic stability, high specific capacity, and excellent high-rate performance.
Pickering emulsion polymerized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)/polystyrene composite particles and their electric stimuli-response
Authors: Kim So Hee , Kim Jung Hyun , Choi Hyoung Jin , Park Jaehoon
Published: August 2015

We report a facile synthesis of Pickering emulsion polymerized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)/polystyrene composite particles and their electrorheology.
A better understanding of the capacity fading mechanisms of Li3V2(PO4)3
Authors: Wang Liping , Xu Jin , Wang Chong , Cui Xumei , Li Jingze , Zhou Yong-Ning
Published: August 2015

The main capacity decay of Li3V2(PO4)3 lies in the kinetic limitation between the LiV2(PO4)3 ↔ V2(PO4)3 phase transition, vanadium dissolution, rather than structure degradation.
Free-standing membranes made of activated boron nitride for efficient water cleaning
Authors: Li Jie , Jia Huichao , Lin Jing , Luo Han , Liu Zhenya , Xu Xuewen , Huang Yang , Jin Peng , Zhang Jun , Abbas Saleem , Tang Chengchun
Published: August 2015

Developing membranes with excellent mechanical strength and chemical stability is a practically important issue for efficient removal of pollutants from wastewater.
Ultra-preconcentration and determination of organophosphorus pesticides in soil samples by a combination of ultrasound assisted leaching-solid phase extraction and low-density solvent based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction
Authors: Mohammadi Mehrnoush , Tavakoli Hamed , Abdollahzadeh Yaser , Khosravi Amir , Torkaman Rezvan , Mashayekhi Ashkan
Published: August 2015

USAL-SPE-LDS-DLLME has been applied for the determination of OPPs in soil samples.
Synthesis, biological activity and structural study of new benzotriazole-based protein kinase CK2 inhibitors
Authors: Swider R. , Masłyk M. , Zapico J. M. , Coderch C. , Panchuk R. , Skorokhyd N. , Schnitzler A. , Niefind K. , de Pascual-Teresa B. , Ramos A.
Published: August 2015

A new series of TBB-derivatives was synthesized and characterized as CK2 inhibitors. Crystallographic analysis and docking studies were used to understand the mode of binding.
Color changing Pickering emulsions stabilized by polysiloxane microspheres bearing phenolphthalein groups
Authors: Wei Yanze , Chen Jiming , Zhang Yaoheng , Lu Zaijun
Published: August 2015

PMPs were synthesized via benzoxazine chemistry. Toluene-in-water Pickering emulsions stabilized by PMPs exhibit color changing behavior and two emulsification/demulsification processes occurred at pH 9 and 12, respectively.
Sandwich-like cobalt sulfide–graphene composite – an anode material with excellent electrochemical performance for sodium ion batteries
Authors: Zhou Qian , Liu Li , Guo Guoxiong , Yan Zichao , Tan Jinli , Huang Zhifeng , Chen Xiaoying , Wang Xianyou
Published: August 2015

A sandwich-like CoS/rGO composite as the anode material for sodium ion batteries.
Epitaxial growth of Bi2S3 nanowires on BiVO4 nanostructures for enhancing photoelectrochemical performance
Authors: Liu Canjun , Li Jie , Li Yaomin , Li Wenzhang , Yang Yahui , Chen Qiyuan
Published: August 2015

The novel Bi2S3/BiVO4 film was formed by epitaxial growth of Bi2S3 nanowires on BiVO4 nanostructures, exhibited an excellent photoelectrochemical activity.
Novel (E)-1-(pyrrole-2-yl)-3-(aryl)-2-(propen-1-one) derivatives as efficient singlet oxygen quenchers: kinetics and quantum chemical calculations
Authors: Diaz-Uribe Carlos E. , Vallejo William , Castellar Wilmar , Trilleras Jorge , Ortiz Stephanie , Rodriguez-Serrano Angela , Zarate Ximena , Quiroga Jairo
Published: August 2015

Kinetics of singlet oxygen (1O2) quenching by newly synthesized chalcone derivatives with potential antioxidant applications, and DFT/MRCI calculations.
Multifunctional 3-Schiff base-4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives with monoamine oxidase inhibition, anti-β-amyloid aggregation, metal chelation, antioxidant and neuroprotection properties against Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Wang Zhi-Min , Xie Sai-Sai , Li Xue-Mei , Wu Jia-Jia , Wang Xiao-Bing , Kong Ling-Yi
Published: August 2015

These 3-Schiff base-4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives were multifunctional agents with monoamine oxidase inhibition, anti-β-amyloid aggregation, metal chelation, antioxidant and neuroprotection properties against Alzheimer's disease.
Impact of Gd3+substitution on the structural, magnetic and electrical properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles
Authors: Murugesan C. , Chandrasekaran G.
Published: August 2015

Gd substitution reduces the crystallite size of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles and enhances their electrical and magnetic properties, which could enable a higher memory storage capability.
Zn2+ion of the snake venom metalloproteinase (SVMP) plays a critical role in ligand binding: a molecular dynamics simulation study
Authors: Chinnasamy Sathishkumar , Nagamani Selvaraman , Muthusamy Karthikeyan
Published: August 2015

Snake venom metalloproteinase (SVMP) is one of the major components of snake venom and it is a root causative agent for edema, local tissue damage, inflammation, blood coagulation and hemorrhage during the snake bite.
A new pyridoxal based fluorescence chemo-sensor for detection of Zn(ii) and its application in bio imaging
Authors: Mandal Senjuti , Sikdar Yeasin , Maiti Dilip K. , Maiti Guru Prasad , Mandal Sushil Kumar , Biswas Jayanta Kumar , Goswami Sanchita
Published: August 2015

A new pyridoxal-based chemosensor (PydDmen) was reported for selective detection of Zn2+ in solution. The experimental and theoretical supports are provided to establish Zn2+ induced transformation of PydDmen to 3-pyridone tautomeric form.
Correction: A mesoporous SBA-15 silica catalyst functionalized with phenylsulfonic acid groups (SBA-15-Ph-SO3H) as a novel hydrophobic nanoreactor solid acid catalyst for a one-pot three-component synthesis of 2H-indazolo[2,1-b]phthalazine-triones and triazolo[1,2-a]indazole-triones
Authors: Veisi Hojat , Sedrpoushan Alireza , Faraji Ali Reza , Heidari Masoud , Hemmati Saba , Fatahi Behnaz
Published: August 2015

Correction for ‘A mesoporous SBA-15 silica catalyst functionalized with phenylsulfonic acid groups (SBA-15-Ph-SO3H) as a novel hydrophobic nanoreactor solid acid catalyst for a one-pot three-component synthesis of 2H-indazolo[2,1-b]phthalazine-triones and triazolo[1,2-a]indazole-triones’ by Hojat Veisi et al., RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 68523–68530.
Correction: Surface-enhanced Raman scattering on a silver film-modified Au nanoparticle-decorated SiO2 mask array
Authors: Chang Chi-Ching , Chen Liang-Yih , Yang Kuang-Hsuan , Chen Qing-Ye , Liang Yu-Chih , Lin Shyr-Yi , Liu Yu-Chuan
Published: August 2015

Correction for ‘Surface-enhanced Raman scattering on a silver film-modified Au nanoparticle-decorated SiO2 mask array’ by Chi-Ching Chang et al., RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 66096–66103.
Flipped learning in higher education chemistry: emerging trends and potential directions
Authors: Seery Michael K.
Published: August 2015

Flipped learning has grown in popularity in recent years as a mechanism of incorporating an active learning environment in classrooms and lecture halls. There has been an increasing number of reports for flipped learning in chemistry at higher education institutions. The purpose of this review is to survey these reports with a view to examining the rationale for adopting the flipped learning approach, how educators have implemented the flipped learning approach into their own practice and how these implementations have been evaluated. The reports are analysed for emerging themes on the benefits and challenges of integrating this approach in chemistry education at university level, with a view to understanding how we can continue to develop the approaches taken for implementation of flipped learning methods in higher education chemistry. Analysis of the articles surveyed indicate that the approach is highly popular with students, with educators adopting it as a means of developing an active learning environment, to increase engagement, and to allow time for developing a deeper understanding of the discipline. Despite the approach being open-ended in terms of how it can be implemented, there is some uniformity in how it has been adopted. These approaches are discussed, along with lessons learned from evaluations, with some suggestions for future iterations so that the implementation relies on evidence-based methods.
Reactive species involved in the regioselective photooxidation of heptamethine cyanines
Authors: Nani Roger R. , Kelley James A. , Ivanic Joseph , Schnermann Martin J.
Published: August 2015

Experimental and computational studies indicate that the photodegradation of heptamethine cyanines proceeds via a regioselective photooxidative C–C cleavage reaction involving singlet oxygen and dioxetane intermediates.
Hydrophobicity: effect of density and order on water's rotational slowing down
Authors: Titantah John Tatini , Karttunen Mikko
Published: August 2015

Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations of over 4.5 ns were performed in the temperature range of T = 260–350 K with van der Waals corrections to investigate the relationship between local water density and tetrahedral order in bulk water and in the presence of a hydrophobe, tetramethylurea (TMU).
Carbohydrate based hyper-crosslinked organic polymers with –OH functional groups for CO2 separation
Authors: Li Haiying , Meng Bo , Mahurin Shannon M. , Chai Song-Hai , Nelson Kimberly M. , Baker David C. , Liu Honglai , Dai Sheng
Published: August 2015

A class of novel hyper-crosslinked microporous polymers, based on green and renewable carbohydrates, was synthesized for carbon capture and storage with high CO2/N2 selectivity by hydrogen bonding and dipole–quadrupole interactions.
New insights into multi-shape memory behaviours and liquid crystalline properties of supramolecular polyurethane complexes based on pyridine-containing polyurethane and 4-octyldecyloxybenzoic acid
Authors: Chen Shaojun , Mo Funian , Chen Shiguo , Ge Zaochuan , Yang Haipeng , Zuo Jiandong , Liu Xinke , Zhuo Haitao
Published: August 2015

This paper develops a supramolecular liquid crystalline complex exhibiting a multi-shape memory effect and liquid crystalline properties.
Synthesis of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 with 5-sulfosalicylic acid as a chelating agent and its electrochemical properties
Authors: Xie Hongbin , Du Ke , Hu Guorong , Duan Jianguo , Peng Zhongdong , Zhang Zhijian , Cao Yanbing
Published: August 2015

Synthesis of Ni0.8Co0.15Al0.05(OH)2 (NCA) with a more environmentally friendly chelating agent, 5-sulfosalicylic acid, by a continuous co-precipitation method.
Low-cost solution-processed copper iodide as an alternative to PEDOT:PSS hole transport layer for efficient and stable inverted planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells
Authors: Chen Wei-Yi , Deng Lin-Long , Dai Si-Min , Wang Xin , Tian Cheng-Bo , Zhan Xin-Xing , Xie Su-Yuan , Huang Rong-Bin , Zheng Lan-Sun
Published: August 2015

Low-cost solution-processed copper iodide replaces PEDOT:PSS in inverted planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells with high efficiency and enhanced stability.
Nanostructured organic radical cathodes from self-assembled nitroxide-containing block copolymer thin films
Authors: Hauffman G. , Vlad A. , Janoschka T. , Schubert U. S. , Gohy J.-F.
Published: August 2015

Nanostructured thin film organic radical cathodes have been prepared from poly(styrene)-block-poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxy-4-yl methacrylate) diblock copolymers.
Insights into luminescence quenching and detecting trap distribution in Ba2Si5N8:Eu2+phosphor with comprehensive considerations of temperature-dependent luminescence behaviors
Authors: Wang Jin , Zhang Haoran , Liu Yingliang , Dong Hanwu , Lei Bingfu , Zheng Mingtao , Xiao Yong , Peng Mingying , Wang Jing
Published: August 2015

Integrating temperature-dependent afterglow decay curves was proposed to detect trap distribution.
Electronic and transport properties of porous graphene sheets and nanoribbons: benzo-CMPs and BN codoped derivatives
Authors: Li Si , Yang Zhao-Di , Zhang Guiling , Zeng Xiao Cheng
Published: August 2015

The electronic and electron transport properties of a series of 2D porous graphene sheets (n-benzo-CMPs) with different pore sizes n and their BN codoped derivatives, BN-n-benzo-CMPs, as well as 1D porous graphene nanoribbons (p-GNRs) tailored from n-benzo-CMPs and BN-n-benzo-CMPs are studied using DFT and NEGF methods.
Identification of miR-200a as a novel suppressor of connexin 43 in breast cancer cells
Authors: Ming Jia , Zhou Yan , Du Junze , Fan Shenghao , Pan Beibei , Wang Yinhuan , Fan Lingjun , Jiang Jun
Published: August 2015

Both miRNAs (miRs) and connexin 43 (Cx43) were important regulators of the metastasis of breast cancer, whereas the miRs regulating Cx43 expression in breast cancer cells were still obscure. In the present study, we scanned and found miR-1, miR-206, miR-200a, miR-381, miR-23a/b and miR-186 were functional suppressors of human Cx43 mRNA and protein expression. Specially, we demonstrated that only miR-200a could directly target the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of human Cx43 gene. Functionally, overexpression of Cx43 in MCF cells potentiated the migration activity, whereas additional miR-200a treatment notably prevented this effect. Finally, we demonstrated that decreased levels of miR-200a and elevated expression of Cx43 in the metastatic breast cancer tissues compared with the primary ones. Thus, we are the first to identify miR-200a as a novel and direct suppressor of human Cx43, indicating that miR200a/Cx43 axis might be a useful diagnostic and therapeutic target of metastatic breast cancer.
Regulatory networks of non-coding RNAs in brown/beige adipogenesis
Authors: Xu Shaohai , Chen Peng , Sun Lei
Published: August 2015

BAT (brown adipose tissue) is specialized to burn fatty acids for heat generation and energy expenditure to defend against cold and obesity. Accumulating studies have demonstrated that manipulation of BAT activity through various strategies can regulate metabolic homoeostasis and lead to a healthy phenotype. Two classes of ncRNA (non-coding RNA), miRNA and lncRNA (long non-coding RNA), play crucial roles in gene regulation during tissue development and remodelling. In the present review, we summarize recent findings on regulatory role of distinct ncRNAs in brown/beige adipocytes, and discuss how these ncRNA regulatory networks contribute to brown/beige fat development, differentiation and function. We suggest that targeting ncRNAs could be an attractive approach to enhance BAT activity for protecting the body against obesity and its pathological consequences.
Quasi‐constant‐frequency variable off‐time control technique for buck‐type DC–DC converter
Authors: Chen Xing , Zhou Guohua , Xu Shungang , Zhou Shuhan
Published: August 2015

There are two weaknesses in conventional constant off‐time controlled buck‐type DC–DC converters: which are varied switching frequency and poor output‐regulation accuracy. To make the switching frequency immune to the variation of the input voltage and the reference voltage and provide both high output‐regulation accuracy and a fast transient response for buck‐type DC–DC converters, a new control method, called the quasi‐constant‐frequency variable off‐time control technique, is proposed. Circuit simulation results validate the correctness of the theoretical analysis.
Energy‐efficient resource allocation in multiuser OFDM systems with proportional rate constraints
Authors: Chen Yunli , Zheng Zhengguang , Li Yang , Li Yong
Published: August 2015

An efficient resource allocation scheme is presented to maximise energy efficiency for multiuser orthogonal frequency division multiple systems with proportional rate constraints. For a determined subchannel assignment, an optimal energy‐efficient power allocation algorithm has been derived through a bisection search method.
Shanakt Consulting: An Indian Technology Startup's Dilemma
Authors: Pinjala Srujana , Bose Indranil , Bandyopadhyay Somprakash
Published: August 2015

This case details the setting up and growth of a high technology venture, Shanakt Consulting, in India. The company is founded by skilled academicians who had limited experience in setting up and managing a business. Shanakt's innovative RFID technology can be useful across several industries including mining, healthcare, heavy industries, and aviation, among others. RFID is the precursor to the Internet of Things, which is considered by many to be the next big wave in the field of networks and communication. Being in a promising but niche domain, with few competitors, Shanakt is likely to face a positive scenario for its business. However, the events in the Shanakt story do not unfold as planned, causing its management to arrive at crossroads. Shanakt toys with several business models including refining its products to target a particular industry, providing training kits, and manufacturing and developing prototypes. It has to decide on its future course of action. This case provides a detailed view, through the eyes of a technology startup, of the internal thought processes and strategy, and the external environment in a developing country that influences the growth of a new venture. It also sheds light on interactions of the startup with public sector firms, an important part of the Indian economy. Moreover, it highlights the impact of management team composition, and strategic decision making on the performance of such a firm.
First national-scale reconnaissance of neonicotinoid insecticides in streams across the USA
Authors: Hladik Michelle L. , Kolpin Dana W.
Published: August 2015

Environmental context
Neonicotinoids are under increased scrutiny because they have been implicated in pollinator declines and, more recently, as potential aquatic toxicants. Nevertheless, there is currently little information on concentrations of multiple neonicotinoids in surface water. This paper presents a summary of concentrations of six neonicotinoids in streams from across the United States in both urban and agricultural areas. These environmental data are important in determining the potential risk of neonicotinoids to non-target aquatic and terrestrial organisms.

Abstract
To better understand the fate and transport of neonicotinoid insecticides, water samples were collected from streams across the United States. In a nationwide study, at least one neonicotinoid was detected in 53% of the samples collected, with imidacloprid detected most frequently (37%), followed by clothianidin (24%), thiamethoxam (21%), dinotefuran (13%), acetamiprid (3%) and thiacloprid (0%). Clothianidin and thiamethoxam concentrations were positively related to the percentage of the land use in cultivated crop production and imidacloprid concentrations were positively related to the percentage of urban area within the basin. Additional sampling was also conducted in targeted research areas to complement these national-scale results, including determining: (1) neonicotinoid concentrations during elevated flow conditions in an intensely agricultural region; (2) temporal patterns of neonicotinoids in heavily urbanised basins; (3) neonicotinoid concentrations in agricultural basins in a nationally important ecosystem; and (4) in-stream transport of neonicotinoids near a wastewater treatment plant. Across all study areas, at least one neonicotinoid was detected in 63% of the 48 streams sampled.
New approach for optimal electricity planning and dispatching with hourly time-scale air quality and health considerations
Authors: Kerl Paul Y. , Zhang Wenxian , Moreno-Cruz Juan B. , Nenes Athanasios , Realff Matthew J. , Russell Armistead G. , Sokol Joel , Thomas Valerie M.
Published: August 2015

Significance

The production of electricity from coal, natural gas, petroleum, and biomass releases air pollutants with significant impacts on ecosystems and human health. Pollutant exposure depends not only on the pollutant source emissions rate and the relative location of the power plant to population centers but also on temperature, wind velocity, and other atmospheric conditions, all of which vary by hour, day, and season. We have developed a method to evaluate fluctuating pollutant formation from source emissions, which we integrate within an electricity production model. In a case study of the state of Georgia from 2004 to 2011, we show how to reduce air pollutants and health impacts by shifting production among plants during a select number of hourly periods.
Neural microgenesis of personally familiar face recognition
Authors: Ramon Meike , Vizioli Luca , Liu-Shuang Joan , Rossion Bruno
Published: August 2015

Significance

We addressed the open question of how the human brain recognizes personally familiar faces. A dynamic visual-stimulation paradigm revealed that familiar face recognition is achieved first and foremost in medial and anterior temporal regions of the extended face-processing system. These regions, including the amygdala, respond categorically to individual familiar faces. In contrast, activation in posterior core face-preferential regions is associated with the amount of visual information available, irrespective of familiarity. Through integration of core and extended face-processing systems, these observations provide a common framework for understanding the neural basis of familiar face recognition.
SUMOylation of phytochrome-B negatively regulates light-induced signaling in
Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Sadanandom Ari , Ádám Éva , Orosa Beatriz , Viczián András , Klose Cornelia , Zhang Cunjin , Josse Eve-Marie , Kozma-Bognár László , Nagy Ferenc
Published: August 2015

Significance

The photoreceptor phytochrome-B (phyB) cycles between its active Pfr [far red light (FRL)-absorbing state λ
max
, 730 nm] and inactive Pr [red light (RL)-absorbing state λ
max
, 660 nm] forms and regulates as red/far red light-activated/inactivated molecular switch plant growth and development. Here we show that conjugation of small ubiquitin-like modifier to the photoreceptor inhibits interaction of phyB Pfr with its immediate signaling partner PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 5 (PIF5). The impaired interaction of these proteins negatively affects photomorphogenic responses; thus, SUMOylation similar to phosphorylation plays a role in desensitizing phyB-mediated signaling. OVERLY TOLERANT TO SALT 1 and 2 (OTS1 and OTS2) are involved in regulating phyB action as these SUMO proteases mediate deconjugation of SUMO from phyB.
Quantifying seasonal population fluxes driving rubella transmission dynamics using mobile phone data
Authors: Wesolowski Amy , Metcalf C. J. E. , Eagle Nathan , Kombich Janeth , Grenfell Bryan T. , Bjørnstad Ottar N. , Lessler Justin , Tatem Andrew J. , Buckee Caroline O.
Published: August 2015

Significance

Changing patterns of human mobility can drive seasonal outbreaks of infectious diseases, but limited data about travel behavior and population flux over time have made this idea difficult to quantify. Mobile phone data provide a unique source of information about human travel. Here we quantify seasonal travel patterns using mobile phone data from nearly 15 million anonymous subscribers in Kenya. Using a rich data source of rubella incidence, we show that patterns of population fluxes inferred from mobile phone data are predictive of disease transmission and improve significantly on standard school term time and weather covariates, showing for the first time to our knowledge that mobile phone data capture epidemiologically relevant patterns of movement.
Structural remodeling of bacteriophage T4 and host membranes during infection initiation
Authors: Hu Bo , Margolin William , Molineux Ian J. , Liu Jun
Published: August 2015

Significance

The bacteriophage T4 tail is a complex nanomachine that undergoes a succession of structural changes as it infects a bacterium. We analyzed cryo-electron microscopic images of T4 at different stages of infection. Three-dimensional visualization of key intermediates revealed unprecedented structural details, allowing a better understanding of this fundamental and highly efficient process. Contrary to common descriptions, most long tail fibers are folded back against the virion before infection, and not all interact with the cell before the short tail fibers irreversibly bind. Sheath contraction drives the tail tube only into the periplasm where, unexpectedly, the cytoplasmic membrane bulges outwards to fuse with the tail tube. Fusion does not require the proton motive force, which only becomes necessary for genome translocation.
Endosymbionts escape dead hydrothermal vent tubeworms to enrich the free-living population
Authors: Klose Julia , Polz Martin F. , Wagner Michael , Schimak Mario P. , Gollner Sabine , Bright Monika
Published: August 2015

Significance

For horizontally transmitted, facultative symbionts, cycles of infection and escape from the host are crucial for the persistence over host generations. The hydrothermal vent tubeworm
Riftia pachyptila
is entirely nourished by its thiotrophic endosymbiotic bacteria, which are acquired horizontally in settled larvae; however, release back into the environment has not been demonstrated. We show experimentally that viable symbionts are released upon host death. Moreover, observations of turnover of tubeworm clumps after a volcanic eruption provide evidence for rapid colonization, growth, and death. The observed connectivity of host-associated and free-living symbiont populations helps to explain the stability of this mutualism over ecological and evolutionary timescales.
Temporal and spatial variation of the human microbiota during pregnancy
Authors: DiGiulio Daniel B. , Callahan Benjamin J. , McMurdie Paul J. , Costello Elizabeth K. , Lyell Deirdre J. , Robaczewska Anna , Sun Christine L. , Goltsman Daniela S. A. , Wong Ronald J. , Shaw Gary , Stevenson David K. , Holmes Susan P. , Relman David A.
Published: August 2015

Significance

The human indigenous microbial communities (microbiota) play critical roles in health and may be especially important for mother and fetus during pregnancy. Using a case-control cohort of 40 women, we characterized weekly variation in the vaginal, gut, and oral microbiota during and after pregnancy. Microbiota membership remained relatively stable at each body site during pregnancy. An altered vaginal microbial community was associated with preterm birth; this finding was corroborated by an analysis of samples from an additional cohort of nine women. We also discovered an abrupt change in the vaginal microbiota at delivery that persisted in some cases for at least 1 y. Our findings suggest that pregnancy outcomes might be predicted by features of the microbiota early in gestation.
Transcription factors FOXA1 and FOXA2 maintain dopaminergic neuronal properties and control feeding behavior in adult mice
Authors: Pristerà Alessandro , Lin Wei , Kaufmann Anna-Kristin , Brimblecombe Katherine R. , Threlfell Sarah , Dodson Paul D. , Magill Peter J. , Fernandes Cathy , Cragg Stephanie J. , Ang Siew-Lan
Published: August 2015

Significance

Dopaminergic neurons in the brain control voluntary movement and a variety of cognitive functions, including reward–motivation mechanisms, mood regulation, addiction, and memory. Understanding how dopaminergic neurons' phenotype and function are maintained throughout their life span is of great importance in the light of the diverse roles that they play. Transcription factors FOXA1/2 control dopaminergic neurons' development and then retain their expression in adult neurons. The role of these factors during development is well established, but the meaning of their expression in the adult is still not well understood. We demonstrate here that FOXA1/2 are crucial to maintain key cellular and functional features of dopaminergic neurons in the adult brain. We also show that FOXA1/2-mediated deficits ultimately affect feeding behavior.
Multiple component networks support working memory in prefrontal cortex
Authors: Markowitz David A. , Curtis Clayton E. , Pesaran Bijan
Published: August 2015

Significance

Human cognition depends on the brain’s ability to remember and manipulate information about recent experience. Although this working memory ability has been linked with the persistent spiking activity of neurons in prefrontal cortex (PFC), the population-scale organization of working memory in this region remains poorly understood. Here we provide the first population-scale map, to our knowledge, of persistent activity across multiple depths and topographic regions of PFC in two monkeys performing a delayed eye movement task. We show that working memory is supported by three functionally specialized networks with different anatomical localizations, and not by a functionally homogeneous network, as commonly believed. These findings reveal specific circuit-level targets for studying the causes of working memory dysfunction in many psychiatric disorders.
The massacre mass grave of Schöneck-Kilianstädten reveals new insights into collective violence in Early Neolithic Central Europe
Authors: Meyer Christian , Lohr Christian , Gronenborn Detlef , Alt Kurt W.
Published: August 2015

Significance

The Early Neolithic massacre-related mass grave of Schöneck-Kilianstädten presented here provides new data and insights for the ongoing discussions of prehistoric warfare in Central Europe. Although several characteristics gleaned from the analysis of the human skeletal remains support and strengthen previous hypotheses based on the few known massacre sites of this time, a pattern of intentional mutilation of violence victims identified here is of special significance. Adding another key site to the evidence for Early Neolithic warfare generally allows more robust and reliable reconstructions of the possible reasons for the extent and frequency of outbreaks of lethal mass violence and the general impact these events had on shaping the further development of the Central European Neolithic.
Amplifying the response of soft actuators by harnessing snap-through instabilities
Authors: Overvelde Johannes T. B. , Kloek Tamara , D’haen Jonas J. A. , Bertoldi Katia
Published: August 2015

Significance

Although instabilities have traditionally been avoided as they often represent mechanical failure, here we embrace them to amplify the response of fluidic soft actuators. Besides presenting a robust strategy to trigger snap-through instabilities at constant volume in soft fluidic actuators, we also show that the energy released at the onset of the instabilities can be harnessed to trigger instantaneous and significant changes in internal pressure, extension, shape, and exerted force. Therefore, in stark contrast to previously studied soft fluidic actuators, we demonstrate that by harnessing snap-through instabilities it is possible to design and construct systems with highly controllable nonlinear behavior, in which small amounts of fluid suffice to generate large outputs.
Phytochemical diversity drives plant–insect community diversity
Authors: Richards Lora A. , Dyer Lee A. , Forister Matthew L. , Smilanich Angela M. , Dodson Craig D. , Leonard Michael D. , Jeffrey Christopher S.
Published: August 2015

Significance

Phytochemical diversity is a key component of functional diversity. Challenges in quantifying phytochemical diversity have limited our understanding of the causes and consequences of variation in phytochemical diversity across plant species and families. Here we show that phytochemical diversity across dozens of plant species predicts herbivore diversity, herbivore specialization, phototoxicity, herbivory, and attack by natural enemies. Our approach and findings provide a framework for future investigations focused on uncovering chemical underpinnings of trophic interactions at realistic ecological, geographic, and taxonomic scales, and have implications for the conservation of functional and taxonomic diversity.
Dual allosteric activation mechanisms in monomeric human glucokinase
Authors: Whittington A. Carl , Larion Mioara , Bowler Joseph M. , Ramsey Kristen M. , Brüschweiler Rafael , Miller Brian G.
Published: August 2015

Significance

Glucokinase (GCK), the body’s primary glucose sensor, displays a unique sigmoidal kinetic response that is a hallmark of allostery. Allostery in GCK is different from textbook models, because the enzyme is monomeric and contains only one glucose binding site. Previously, synthetic activators and activating disease mutations were thought to share a common mechanism of allosteric activation in which GCK is shifted toward a glucose-bound–like state. Using mutagenesis and genetic selection, we identify an activated variant that utilizes a different mechanism. Limited proteolysis and NMR reveal that activation is achieved by modulating the dynamic properties of an active-site loop without perturbing the ensemble structure. This previously undescribed activation mechanism is shown to operate in naturally occurring, hyperinsulinemia-associated disease variants.
Consistent responses of soil microbial communities to elevated nutrient inputs in grasslands across the globe
Authors: Leff Jonathan W. , Jones Stuart E. , Prober Suzanne M. , Barberán Albert , Borer Elizabeth T. , Firn Jennifer L. , Harpole W. Stanley , Hobbie Sarah E. , Hofmockel Kirsten S. , Knops Johannes M. H. , McCulley Rebecca L. , La Pierre Kimberly , Risch Anita C. , Seabloom Eric W. , Schütz Martin , Steenbock Christopher , Stevens Carly J. , Fierer Noah
Published: August 2015

Significance

Human activities have resulted in large increases in the availability of nutrients in terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. Although plant community responses to elevated nutrients have been well studied, soil microbial community responses remain poorly understood, despite their critical importance to ecosystem functioning. Using DNA-sequencing approaches, we assessed the response of soil microbial communities to experimentally added nitrogen and phosphorus at 25 grassland sites across the globe. Our results demonstrate that the composition of these communities shifts in consistent ways with elevated nutrient inputs and that there are corresponding shifts in the ecological attributes of the community members. This study represents an important step forward for understanding the connection between elevated nutrient inputs, shifts in soil microbial communities, and altered ecosystem functioning.
Plasma metabolomic profiles enhance precision medicine for volunteers of normal health
Authors: Guo Lining , Milburn Michael V. , Ryals John A. , Lonergan Shaun C. , Mitchell Matthew W. , Wulff Jacob E. , Alexander Danny C. , Evans Anne M. , Bridgewater Brandi , Miller Luke , Gonzalez-Garay Manuel L. , Caskey C. Thomas
Published: August 2015

Significance

Metabolomics has been increasingly recognized as a powerful functional tool that integrates the impacts from genetics, environment, microbiota, and xenobiotics. We used a broad-spectrum metabolomics platform to analyze plasma samples from 80 adults of normal health. The comprehensive metabolic profiles provided a functional readout to assess the penetrance of gene mutations identified by whole-exome sequencing on these individuals. Conversely, metabolic abnormalities identified by statistical analysis uncovered potential damaging mutations that were previously unappreciated. Additionally, we found metabolic signatures consistent with early signs of disease conditions and drug effects associated with efficacy and toxicity. Our findings demonstrate that metabolomics could be an effective tool in precision medicine for disease risk assessment and customized drug therapy in clinics.
Montsechia
, an ancient aquatic angiosperm
Authors: Gomez Bernard , Daviero-Gomez Véronique , Coiffard Clément , Martín-Closas Carles , Dilcher David L.
Published: August 2015

Significance

The importance of very early aquatic flowering plants is not well understood currently and is poorly documented. Here we present details of the morphology and reproductive biology of
Montsechia
, an extremely early fossil angiosperm that, because it is so ancient and is totally aquatic, raises questions centered on the very early evolutionary history of flowering plants. This paper challenges the paradigm of how we view the early evolution of basal angiosperms and particularly the role of aquatic habitats in the very early evolution and diversification of flowering plants.
Screen for multi-SUMO–binding proteins reveals a multi-SIM–binding mechanism for recruitment of the transcriptional regulator ZMYM2 to chromatin
Authors: Aguilar-Martinez Elisa , Chen Xi , Webber Aaron , Mould A. Paul , Seifert Anne , Hay Ronald T. , Sharrocks Andrew D.
Published: August 2015

Significance

Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) is thought to function by acting as a protein recruitment platform. To date, studies have focused on the role of mono-SUMO and poly-SUMO in the form of linear chains. However, recent findings suggested a role for multi-SUMOylation where several SUMO moieties are spread across numerous proteins found at sites of DNA damage. Here, we used a novel screen to identify dozens of multi-SUMO–binding proteins. We investigated one of these in detail and demonstrate that a multi-SIM–containing SUMO-binding module is required for recruitment of the transcriptional regulator ZMYM2 to chromatin. Because little is known about the function of multi-SUMOylation and multi-SIM–binding proteins, this represents an important conceptual advance in our thinking about how protein SUMOylation might exert its molecular effects.
Roles of multiple-proton transfer pathways and proton-coupled electron transfer in the reactivity of the
bis
-Fe
IV
state of MauG
Authors: Ma Zhongxin , Williamson Heather R. , Davidson Victor L.
Published: August 2015

Significance

The diheme enzyme MauG stabilizes a unique high-valent redox state in which the two hemes are each present as Fe
IV
and communicate via an intervening tryptophan residue. A network of amino acid side chains and structured waters are used to coordinate multiple proton and electron transfers that are responsible for the charge–resonance stabilization of the high-valent state and control of its reactivity. This describes a rare example of how an enzyme can use multiple pathways involving multiple-proton transfers in the transition state of a reaction, and demonstrates what may be a previously unrecognized mechanism by which proteins are able to control and use otherwise highly reactive transient species.