bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
АВТОМАТИЗАЦІЯ ВИРОБНИЦТВА В УКРАЇНІ: СТАН ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ
Authors: Прядко І.В. , Пікінер М.В.
Published: August 2020

У статті розглянуто вплив автоматизації виробництва (Індустрія 4.0) на ринок праці. Актуальність вибраної теми зумовлюється кардинальними змінами на ринку праці через Індустрію 4.0, яка викликає «перебудову» професій. В процесі дослідження здійснено аналіз впливу процесу автоматизації на ринок праці. Визначено особливості становлення автоматизації в Україні. Досліджено динаміку показника продуктивності праці. Визначено основні фактори невеликих темпів приросту продуктивності праці на українських ринках під час впровадження «Індустрії 4». Досліджено залежність між продуктивністю праці та заробітною платою в Україні. Проаналізовано показник рівня участі населення в робочій силі. На основі світового досліду зроблено висновок щодо галузей виробництва, яких Індустрія 4.0 торкнеться передусім.
The Virtual Community: Interaktivitas pada Komunikasi Peer-to-Peer di Balik Jaringan Protokol Berbagi Berkas BitTorrent
Authors: Widya Putri Dhita
Published: August 2020

Salah satu perubahan terbesar di dunia selama kurang lebih 55 tahun terakhir ini adalah pertumbuhan internet, dimana internet memungkinkan hampir semua orang di belahan dunia dapat saling terhubung dan berkomunikasi dengan cepat dan mudah. Selain itu, internet mengubah cara berkomunikasi yang tadinya bermodel “satu-untuk-banyak” menjadi “banyak-untuk-banyak”, yaitu komunikasi yang lebih terdesentralisasi dan lebih demokratis. Hal ini memunculkan fenomena komunitas maya atau virtual community, dimana orang-orang yang memiliki ketertarikan yang sama dapat berkumpul dan berbagi satu sama lain dalam satu dunia, yaitu dunia maya. Disini terjadi komunikasi antara komputer satu dengan komputer lain yang terhubung secara langsung, disebut dengan “P2P” atau komunikasi peer-to-peer. Biasanya aktivitas ini digunakan sebagai sarana untuk berbagi berkas dengan cara mengunggah ataupun mengunduh didukung oleh sebuah protokol bernama Bittorrent. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi proses interaktivitas yang bersifat kolaboratif, yaitu ketika seorang seeder telah berhasil mengunduh berkas secara penuh dan melakukan proses seeding kepada peer lainnya dengan saling support satu sama lain. Padahal, keberadaan mereka bersifat semu dan anonym. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa penelusuran data online dan wawancara, serta Interaktivitas sebagai konsep utama dalam tinjauan pustaka.
Representasi Maskulinitas pada Iklan Cetak (Analisa Semiotika Iklan Rokok Djarum Black)
Authors: Hareyah Yoyoh
Published: August 2020

Dalam kegiatan periklanan, pengiklan haruslah selektif dalam memilih media yang akan digunakannya. Media iklan adalah sebagai sarana komunikasi yang dipakai untuk mengantarkan dan menyebarluaskan pesan-pesan iklan. Peranannya sangatlah penting yaitu sebagai alat penyampaian pesan kepada konsumen.

Bila berbicara mengenai iklan atau advertising kita tidak akan lepas dari makna pesan yang terkandung dalam iklan tersebut. Biasanya makna tersebut tergambar dari kata-kata dan visualisasi. Pemaknaan dalam semiotika sendiri terbagi atas dua yaitu makna denotative dan makna konotatif. Makna konotatif ialah makna denotative ditambah segala gambaran, ingatan, dan perasaan yang ditimbulkan oleh kata mawar itu. Kata kontasi itu sendiri berasal dari bahasa latin connotare, “menjadi tanda” dan mengarah kepada makna makna cultural yang terpisah dengan kata.

Terlepas dari itu semua, iklan media cetak perusahaan rokok besar di Indonesia yaitu Djarum Super mencoba menginterpretasikan makna dalam salah satu iklannya di majalah. Peneliti merasa tertarik untuk menginterpretasikan pemaknaan iklan tersebut. Menurut peneliti iklan ini memiliki perbedaan dari iklan kebanyakan, dimana iklan tersebut hanya memperlihatkan seorang pria saja. Tampilan iklan tersebut tidak menampilkan apapun seperti iklan iklan lainnya, iklan tersebut hanya memberikan tagline “Upgrade Your Taste” disamping pria yang kelihatan maskulin. Iklan tersebut seperti menampilkan pesan lain disamping pesan utamanya pada iklan tersebut.

Kata kunci : Representasi, Maskulinitas, Iklan Cetak, Semiotika
Strategi Industri Periklanan dalam Menghadapi Khalayak Selektif
Authors: Tryssa Shinta Galuh
Published: August 2020

Perkembangan teknologi komunikasi dan informasi saat ini telah memungkinkan khalayak untuk memilah dan memilih berbagai informasi yang ingin diaksesnya, pada media apa serta bagaimana mengaksesnya. Kehadiran internet beberapa dasawarsa terakhir semakin mengukuhkan kedudukan khalayak sebagai pihak yang aktif dan selektif. Industri periklanan harus pula menghadapi selektivitas ini dengan berbagai pilihan media yang semakin berragam. Uses and gratification theory mengatakan bahwa audiens menggunakan media massa untuk berbagai alasan dan pemenuhan kebutuhan. Hal tersebut juga dikuatkan dengan penelitian-penelitian selanjutnya yang dijadikan acuan dalam artikel ini. Dari kacamata industry periklanan, strategi utama yang harus dilakukan adalah melakukan segmentasi pasar, bukan hanya demografis namun meliputi psikografis dan gaya hidup. Strategi lainnya adalah menggunakan konsep pemasaran terpadu, yang tidak melulu mengandalkan media massa. Selain itu, kreativitas juga menjadi strategi lainnya guna menarik perhatian khalayak dan memunculkan aspek entertainment dalam membuat iklan.

Kata kunci : Selektivitas Khalayak, Industri Periklanan, Strategi Periklanan.
Celebrity Endorsement in Social Media to Enhance Brand Image & Brand Loyalty
Authors: Citra Tyara , Harahap Magda
Published: August 2020

Today, many companies used social media as their marketing tools, small businesses even use social media as their core platform to market their products or services, as for big companies are using it to create their brand image and directly engage with their audience. Celebrity is also perceived to be more credible and trustworthy to be representing a brand that is specifically matched with the celebrity’s image. The first purpose of this paper is to therefore understand the strategy and implementation of using a celebrity endorser through social media activities to enhance brand image and brand loyalty of a fast-moving consumer goods brand. Additionally, this paper is using a comparative approach by comparing in total of ten similar studies conducted to gain insights about celebrity endorsement, social media, brand image and brand loyalty. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of the study based on previous studies and pre-research conducted that can be applied by industrial practitioners to help them achieve their marketing objectives.

Keywords: Social media, celebrity endorsement, brand image, brand loyalty
INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATION SEKOLAH TINGGI DESAIN INTERSTUDI SEBAGAI STRATEGI KELUAR DARI KRISIS
Authors: Isharyadi Isharyadi , Kurniawan Firman , Irwansyah Irwansyah , Ruliana Poppy
Published: August 2020

This study aims to find out how Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) is a strategy out of crisis? The analysis of this study focuses on how Integrated Marketing Communication becomes a strategy out of crisis, using planning-planning, organizing, activating, and monitoring methods that are carried out to determine and achieve targets According to George R. Terry (Terry, 1957). Through case studies and data collection techniques in the form of interviews, it is known that IMC can overcome and even exclude organizations from crises, besides being able to improve the image also has an impact on increasing student acceptance. The conclusion of this study shows that the existence of IMC activities carried out separately, although it does not have an impact on new student admissions, this strategy is able to make STDI out of crisis, IMC strategies can be a different approach for crisis-affected organizations, improving the image positive and increase public trust.

Keywords: Crisis; Integrated Marketing Communication

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Bagaimana Komunikasi Pemasaran Terpadu (IMC) sebagai strategi keluar dari krisis ?Analisa penelitian ini berfokus pada bagaimana IMC menjadi strategi keluar dari krisis, menggunakan metode perencanaan-perencanaan, pengorganisasian, penggiatan, dan pengawasan yang dilakukan untuk menentukan serta mencapai sasaran-sasaranMenurut George R.Terry (Terry, 1957). Melalui studi kasus dan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, diketahui bahwa IMCdapat mengatasi bahkan mengeluarkan organisasi dari krisis, selain dapat meningkatan citra juga berdampak pada meningkatnya penerimaan mahasiswa. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukan adanya kegiatan IMC yang dilakukan secara terpisah pisah, meskipun tidak berdampak pada penerimaan mahasiswa baru dirasakan strategi ini mampu membuat STDI keluar dari krisis, strategi IMC mampu menjadi pendekatan yang berbeda bagi organisasi yang terkena krisis, memperbaiki citra positif dan meningkatkan kepercayaan masyarakat.

Kata kunci: krisis; komunikasi pemasaran terpadu
Sensor-based proximity metrics for team research. A validation study across three organizational contexts
Authors: Müller Jörg , Meneses Julio , Humbert Anne Laure , Guenther Elisabeth Anna
Published: August 2020

Wearable sensors are becoming increasingly popular in organizational research. Although validation studies that examine sensor data in conjunction with established social and psychological constructs are becoming more frequent, they are usually limited for two reasons: first, most validation studies are carried out under laboratory settings. Only a handful of studies have been carried out in real-world organizational environments. Second, for those studies carried out in field settings, reported findings are derived from a single case only, thus seriously limiting the possibility of studying the influence of contextual factors on sensor-based measurements. This article presents a validation study of expressive and instrumental ties across nine relatively small R&D teams. The convergent validity of Bluetooth (BT) detections is reported for friendship and advice-seeking ties under three organizational contexts: research labs, private companies, and university-based teams. Results show that, in general, BT detections correlated strongly with self-reported measurements. However, the organizational context affects both the strength of the observed correlation and its direction. Whereas advice-seeking ties generally occur in close spatial proximity and are best identified in university environments, friendship relationships occur at a greater spatial distance, especially in research labs. We conclude with recommendations for fine-tuning the validity of sensor measurements by carefully examining the opportunities for organizational embedding in relation to the research question and collecting complementary data through mixed-method research designs.
The Degrees of Freedom of a Variance Estimator in a Probability Sample
Authors: Kott Phillip S.
Published: August 2020

Inferences from probability-sampling theory (more commonly called “design-based sampling theory”) often rely on the asymptotic normality of nearly unbiased estimators. When constructing a two-sided confidence interval for a mean, the ad hoc practice of determining the degrees of freedom of a probability-sampling variance estimator by subtracting the number of its variance strata from the number of variance primary sampling units (PSUs) can be justified by making usually untenable assumptions about the PSUs. We will investigate the effectiveness of this conventional and an alternative method for determining the effective degrees of freedom of a probability-sampling variance estimator under a stratified cluster sample.
ON DETERMINATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES MOTION STABILITY ON A CURVED TRAJECTORY
Authors: Akimov О. , Boiarov V.
Published: August 2020

The article analyzes methods for assessing the stability of the armored vehicles motion on a curved trajectory. The development of new types of armored vehicles and the modernization of existing ones require ensuring its stability of motion to overturn. The motion on a curved trajectory when making turns and overtaking is especially dangerous.

Determination of armored vehicles stability to overturn to ensure safe movement is an urgent problem, which is closely associated with the solution of important scientific and practical problems.

Numerous scientific works have been devoted to the study of the dynamics of automobiles, on which the methods for calculating dynamic characteristics are based.

Assessment of armored vehicles motion stability to overturn can be carried out by experimental methods, in particular by loading it with a static moment until the wheels come off and start tipping over or by placing it on an inclined platform that can change the tilt angle, fixing the beginning of the tipping

Determination of an armored vehicle stability during road tests can be carried out at training ranges when moving in a certain turning radius with different maneuvering speeds, fixing the beginning of the overturn, but this method contains certain deficiencies associated with the need to strictly control the beginning of the overturn.

A method is proposed for determination of armored vehicles motion stability taking into account the dynamic characteristics of the armored vehicles.

A dynamic model of natural oscillations of the vehicle in a horizontal plane in the perpendicular direction to the motion allows to determine the frequency of natural oscillations at gross vehicle weight.

An approach of an armored vehicle’s angular velocity when moving on a curved trajectory to the frequency of natural oscillations leads to an increase in the coefficient of dynamism of the mechanical system as well as to a probability increase of overturn of an armored vehicle.

Recommendations on choosing a safe speed when making turns at various turning radii were developed.
DEVELOPMENT OF A DATA FLOW CONTROL METHOD IN THE STATIONARY COMPONENT OF THE AIR FORCE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM OF THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE
Authors: Dobryshkin Y. , Senkovych M. , Marchuk D. , Symonenko T.
Published: August 2020

The article considers the solving an urgent scientific problem, which is to improve the flow control means in the coordinated implementation of multi-way routing strategies and preventive limitation of traffic intensity entering the transport network, based on improving the flow control method in the stationary component of the Air Force communication system in order to increase its productivity.

The paper analyzes the problem and shows that an important place in modern and promising telecommunications networks, which are developing in the direction of creating next-generation NGN networks, is given to flow control means both within the transport network and at the stage of access to it. The solution to this problem is to improve the mathematical models of flow control, which are the basis of modern technological solutions.

The article proposes a method of flow control which provides a coherent solution to the problems of multi-way routing and preventive limitation of traffic intensity on the basis of both relative and absolute priorities. To ensure more adequate service a model of traffic control based on relative priorities is proposed.

The practical implementation of the work results envisages a set of organizational-technical measures related to the principles of organizational, technological and algorithmic nature, which will increase the productivity of the stationary component of the Air Force communication system of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.
APPLICATION OF NEGATIVE SPECIAL SOFTWARE TESTING TECHNIQUE WITHIN TESTING SAMPLES OF WEAPONS AND MILITARY EQUIPMENT
Authors: Skyba O. , Trotsyk S.
Published: August 2020

The article reveals views on the purpose and direction of negative testing of special software. The research paper also provides an indicative list of questions recommended to be planned for testing using the technique of negative testing. The provisions of legal acts of Ukraine and practical experience in the field of software testing are also taken into account in the article.

Negative testing is very relevant for testing special software products used in weapons. This is because the risks of error are very critical and sensitive.

The main sources and causes of errors in the software are: user, input data, resources, procedures for output and storage of data, exchange with other programs or computers, operating conditions of the program, compatibility and coherence with other software.

Negative testing is proposed to be used at the following stages of software use: installation, first run, authorization, data entry, software module startup, calculations, data conversion, data exchange with other systems, data storage, display information, data printing, saving settings software operation.

The article states that the procedure for conducting negative testing should be carefully thought out. To do this, at the planning stage of software testing, specialists with experience in successful testing such software products are involved.

It is assumed that when planning a negative test, a group of experts uses information about the program, their own testing experience and intuition of the tester. At the same time, the main efforts are aimed at creating such conditions under which the software may work incorrectly. Negative testing is planned to cause just that non-standard behavior of the program.

The suggested approaches to perform negative testing are proposed to be taken into account when testing the special software that is installed at the workplaces of the Command Posts of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, as well as on weapons and military equipment.
ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATUS OF THE AVIATION SIMULATORS BUILDING AND THE POSSIBLE WAYS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE GROUND FLYING TRAINERS OF THE STATE AVIATION OF UKRAINE.
Authors: Tertyshnik E. , Kuzmich O. , Dmytriiev V. , Sokorynska N.
Published: August 2020

In the conditions of conducting operations on the territory of our state (Donetsk and Lugansk regions) for the training of high-quality specialists of the State Aviation of Ukraine, there are essential needs for the creation of high-quality ground flying trainers (GFT) of the State Aviation of Ukraine, which will be designed and built taking into account the modern requirements. In the general process of training aviation specialists in the leading countries of the world aviation industry and using aviation, it has long been understood and established the main role of GFT. Significant saving of aeronautical equipment resource plays a special role in this issue .

The analysis of the existing GFT, their comparison and using not only in the State Aviation of Ukraine but also in other countries of the world were carried out. Three main classes of trainers are considered: tactical, multi-task and procedure, their comparison is made and the necessity of their application in the State Aviation of Ukraine is analyzed. Focus on the complexes of tactical trainers, which have practically unlimited methodological opportunities for training commanders and crews for the State Aviation of Ukraine, was made. By applying the procedure trainers, preparation a team of specialists who are able to adequately respond and make competent decisions in different circumstances is provided. The main directions of GFT development are considered: its development and production of multifunctional samples.

Substantional consideration was given to the integration of live monitoring and recording system into the GFT. The presence of this system in the trainers will increase the methodological capabilities of the flight training process.

The analysis of the basic world tendencies and directions of development of the most important GFT components and examination of the newest methodical approaches to the training of the flight crew members on the different types of GFT are conducted. Problems regarding the lack of modern guidance documents that would allow to competently assess and adopt the newest GFT to be used for the training of State Aviation specialists.were considered. Possible ways of improving the existing training complexes and new methodological approaches to the training of the flight crew members on GFT were reviewed.
Desarrollo rural participativo comunidad las cañas, cuenca alta río cusiana, Sogamoso, Boyacá
Authors: Pérez Caballero Carlos Felipe , Díaz Olaya María Del Rosario
Published: August 2020

Se elaboró un Programa de Desarrollo Rural para la comunidad de la vereda Las Cañas, cuenca alta del río Cusiana, utilizando la metodología Diagnóstico Rural Participativo (DRP), que permitió identificar las problemáticas más sentidas por la comunidad, su priorización y la forma de solucionarlas para contribuir al desarrollo local. La metodología DRP identificó la baja generación de ingresos y la baja capacitación para mejorar la oferta laboral; con base en ello, se diseñó el programa compuesto por 4 dimensiones: Socioambiental, orientada a construir factores de éxito para implementar ecoturismo y agroturismo; Agropecuaria, orientada a adoptar Buenas Prácticas Ganaderas y Agrícolas para mejorar productividad y competitividad; Acompañamiento Comunitario, que busca empoderar a los líderes con capacitación en liderazgo, gestión y formulación de proyectos productivos; y, Generación de Capacidades, que busca capacitar permanentemente en turismo, ganadería sostenible y agricultura limpia.
Impacto ambiental generado por la agricultura colombiana 1970 - 2014
Authors: Medina Medina David Camilo
Published: August 2020

La revolución verde, desde su introducción e implementación en Colombia en la primera mitad del siglo XX, transformó la forma de hacer agricultura; ligando los factores de producción a un conjunto de tecnologías integradas, que ofrecían mayores rendimientos y aumentos de producción en terrenos más pequeños. Esta investigación establece que en el período de estudio entre 1970 y 2014, se ha presentado degradación ambiental, y se determina que es la producción agrícola, la responsable de una serie de efectos que comprometen la sostenibilidad de los recursos naturales. A través de cifras estadísticas existentes para este período, se realiza un análisis de las implicaciones ambientales relacionadas con la agricultura.
Evaluación en la rutina de ordeño y calidad composicional de leche en Nobsa e Iza Boyacá-Colombia
Authors: Malpica Cruz Leidy Tatiana , Moreno Figueredo Giovanni
Published: August 2020

Se evaluó la rutina de ordeño y calidad composicional de la leche en la Asociación Agropecuaria de Productores y Comercializadores de Nobsa, Iza y Tibasosa (AGRONIT), para establecer si la rutina de ordeño afecta la calidad composicional del leche, el área de estudio fueron los centros de acopio de Nobsa e Iza con 35 y 42 asociados respectivamente, para un total de 77 asociados, estos cuentan con animales de razas Normando, Holstein y sus respectivos cruces, alimentados con pasto kikuyo, zanahoria papa y agua en algunas de las fincas se les administra concentrado y sal en algunos casos; se realizó la recolección de muestras para evaluar la calidad composicional de la leche, en cada finca se tomaron como muestra 3 bovinos en etapa de producción, para un total de 162 animales,  se estableció el porcentaje de mastitis mediante listas de chequeos de rutina de ordeño y la prueba (CMT) California mastitis test, después de las visitas se procedió a realizar el análisis estadístico descriptivo por medio de porcentajes a las pruebas de composición de la leche, arrojando 2,96% (2,93% - 2,99% IC95%) de proteína, 4,60% (4,41% a 4,79% IC95%) de grasa y 4,67% (4,62 - 4,72 IC95%) de lactosa, indicando que los valores obtenidos por AGRONIT son mayores que los reportados en la norma, estableciendo que la leche recolectada por la asociación es de calidad, apta para el consumo humano.
Trayectoria de vida en relación a la violencia intrafamiliar en un grupo de adolescentes en Tunja-Boyacá
Authors: Serrano Ávila Xiomary Katherine , Torres Tovar Carolina Del Pilar , Salazar Jiménez Juan Gabriel
Published: August 2020

El presente artículo aborda la incidencia de la Violencia Intrafamiliar y condiciones de vulnerabilidad social en la trayectoria de vida de adolescentes de la ciudad de Tunja (Boyacá), con el fin de dar a conocer el proceso investigativo desarrollado y fundamentado metodológicamente bajo el enfoque cualitativo, mediante un análisis histórico-hermenéutico, utilizando como diseño metodológico el narrativo tópico; los participantes fueron 5 adolescentes 2 mujeres y 3 hombres, se utilizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y ecomapa como instrumentos de recolección de información. Se encontró que la violencia intrafamiliar, manifestada mediante castigo físico y maltrato psicológico, es una situación que han vivido desde las primera infancia de forma directa e indirecta y está relacionada con su sistema generacional y varía en cuanto a frecuencia, intensidad y forma de acuerdo con el subsistema familiar; con relación a las situaciones de vulnerabilidad social, se evidencia que el contexto en el que se desenvuelven estos adolescentes influye y determina la reproducción de las mismas, puesto que sus comportamientos se ven influenciados por las características propias de su entorno.
Incidencia de las tic en la apropiación del aprendizaje basado en proyectos y su similitud frente a la enseñanza tradicional
Authors: Ramírez Walteros Yudy Angélica , Otalora Luna Jorge Enrique
Published: August 2020

En materia de educación, se han desarrollado diferentes modelos pedagógicos que integran una participación más activa de los educandos, se destaca el Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos (ABP); este artículo refleja los resultados de un estudio que identificó cuál fue la incidencia de las TIC en la apropiación de la metodología del ABP frente al uso de esta metodología sin intervención de las TIC. La metodología fue de tipo cuasi experimental comparativa, con un grupo de control  y un grupo experimental; la muestra fueron los grados Cuarto A y B de primaria de un Colegio de Belén (Boyacá, Colombia), con un total de 40 estudiantes y 1 docente, se  desarrolló un Medio Educativo Computarizado (MEC). Los resultados obtenidos en el grupo experimental, superaron el grupo control dado que se dio participación más activa de los estudiantes en los roles propios del ABP, dando como efecto el proyecto final acorde a los requisitos establecidos. Es notable determinar que si bien el ABP surgió desde una  aproximación  constructivista, así como se genera la indagación acerca de temáticas como “aprendizaje activo” o “aprendizaje cooperativo”, que sirvan de complemento a las clases magistrales, para  nuestro  caso  el  ABP permitió comprender en el contexto real, la aplicación de conceptos y leyes, como las pedagogías activas, que intenta minimizar las limitaciones de las metodologías tradicionales, articulando conocimientos propios de la disciplina, donde ejerce la acción del docente en el aprendizaje del estudiante y a la vez trabajar con situaciones más cercanas a la realidad.
Pensar la subjetividad docente desde una perspectiva de-colonial
Authors: Cortés Guzmán Bayron
Published: August 2020

El presente artículo sugiere una articulación entre perspectiva de-colonial y los procesos de subjetivación de los docentes. Para tal fin, se propone un análisis de la manera como se ejerce la labor del maestro (a partir de una perspectiva personal), la cual es puesta en diálogo con algunas propuestas conceptuales de autores como: Puala Siblia, Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Jorge Eliécer Martínez y Walter Mignolo. En un primer momento, se presentan algunas reflexiones sobre la construcción subjetiva del maestro; luego, se explican algunas de las premisas centrales de la perspectiva de-colonial en relación con el conocimiento; en un tercer momento, se realiza una crítica reflexiva de las relaciones de saber-poder que proponen las lógicas coloniales en articulación con los procesos de subjetivación; finalmente, se hace una reflexión propositiva de la manera como los docentes pueden llegar a constituirse como agentes de resistencia a las lógicas coloniales de dominación.
A magyar tűzoltóság 150 éves története
Authors: Berki Imre
Published: August 2020

We celebrate the 150th anniversary of the Hungarian Fire Brigade in 2020. This paper is the written version of my lecture presented at a conference in the Ministry of Interior on the 3rd February 2020. The paper is not concerned with questions, which were touched detailed by other attendants of the conference. My contribution presents a panoramic view of the history of the firefighters and attempts to point out the milestones in the development of the Hungarian Fire Service.
A budapesti hivatásos tűzoltóság története 1870–2020
Authors: Varga Ferenc
Published: August 2020

The professional Hungarian Fire Brigade is celebrating its 150th anniversary this year. The anniversary goes back to 1st February 1870, when the country’s first professional fire brigade started operation in the capital. The author presents the one and a half century history of the professional fire brigade of the capital, covering the circumstances of its establishment, describing the important stages of organisational and technical development. The historical overview also includes prominent personalities and memorable fire cases. The announcement is related to a presentation at a ceremonial conference held on 3rd February 2020 at the Ministry of Interior completed with rich photo material that cannot be presented here due to limited extent.
A harangtól a számítógépig, avagy a tűzjelzés és riasztás története
Authors: Hesz József
Published: August 2020

The appearance of fire was basically a positive factor for man, there was no defence against it. The settling of man, the appearance of the settlements and towns required defence against fire as an activity of people of which first step was notifying each other. At that time every citizen had to fire alarm and firefight, later it became the city guards’ (watchmen’s, railroaders’) job to watch fire and alert the citizens and superiors. The fire was watched from high territories, then towers, and the alarm was given by available acoustic signals. The development of this area was caused by the invention of electric energy and the learning about the process of combustion as a chemical process. The telephone and the fire detector were invented allowing direct detection and signalling of the fire and its transmission to organized fire brigades. Computer was invented in the 20th century, that made it possible to receive and transmit information quickly. GIS appeared in fire protection and firefighting, which was a significant step in the field of firedetection and alarm. The telephone, the fire alarm and the computer were connected.
Hazai gyártású, tűzoltásra használt oltójárművek fejlődése a 18. századtól napjainkig
Authors: Németh István
Published: August 2020

The Hungarian Fire Service is 150 years old. On occasion of this significant anniversary an international conference was held at the Ministry of Interior on the 3rd February 2020. Based on my previously submitted topic proposal, I was invited to the event to present the development of domestically produced fire engines from horse-drawn motorized pumps in the 18th century to the present, introducing R16 fire engine. My publication is a written version of this presentation illustrated with pictures, and a limited review material based on the research and creative work of renowned authors.
Elképzelés a jövő tűzoltóságáról a várható társadalmi és technikai változások szellemében
Authors: Fülep Zoltán
Published: August 2020

The article discusses the possibilities for the future development of fire brigades with no claim to completeness. Primarily the possible changes and development opportunities related to the personal and technical conditions of the technical rescue services is being examined. The author considers the changes in the labour market opportunities, changes in personal protection solutions, the development of tools and equipment supporting firefighting and technical rescue, and the changes in motor vehicle technology supporting firefighting activities as the main directions. The main findings of the dissertation are that the basic task of fire brigades will not change, only the range of risk factors will expand, primarily with the development of industrial activity. In the future special attention should be paid to human resource management because firefighting activities cannot exist without human activities in the future either. Significant changes are expected in tools, equipment and vehicles that support the interventions, as well as in the conditions of training for the interventions. The reasons for their development can be derived primarily from technical, industrial and economic changes, but environmental and climate protection considerations also play a role.
Széchenyi Ödön, a magyar és a török tűzoltóság megszervezője
Authors: Lindner Gyula
Published: August 2020

Hungarian firefighting owes special thanks to Ödön Széchenyi. As a result of the excellent organising activities of the versatile count the Pest volunteer fire-brigade was established in 1870 and then the professional fire-brigade almost at the same time. His name was widespread known in Europe and his fame also reached the court of the Turkish Sultan, who commissioned the count to organise the fire department of Constantinople in 1874. Széchenyi never returned home but – held in great esteem by the Turkish society – he dedicated his life to the fire protection of Constantinople for nearly half a century until his death in 1922.
Mérnöki módszerek a tűzvédelem tervezésében
Authors: Péter András
Published: August 2020

Designs, and so is fire protection design, are accomplished by several methods. Two basic design methods can be differentiated, one of them is based on descriptive regulation and the other is the engineering method. Both methods have advantages and disadvantages. The complex design tasks can be solved by engineering method effectively. Modelling as a scientific tool can be used for fulfilment requirements of analysis and confirmation. Several models are used for fire protection design. These models can be physical, deterministic and stochastic ones. A typical example of engineering methods applied in fire protection is the use of computer simulation. The two main scopes are here fire models and evacuation models. Evacuation models make control of the evacuation concept of planned building possible. In evacuation models can be physical parameters and behaviour patterns set. The fire and smoke spreading simulation can verify the smoke and heat dissipation system. Buildings can be analysed in complexity and changes of many parameters can be monitored. The most important of these are temperature values and visibility in smoke. From 2015 the national fire protection regulations made wider application of engineering methods possible. Simulation methods have been spreading and more and more of them are approved year by year. The fire protection authority has an important role in the design process already by supporting the correct choice of basic design data at consultations. Very important became the awareness of the authority on IT area, too.
Reflections on life-a personal account of interaction with HH Dalai Lama
Authors: Brownstein Arthur
Published: August 2020

His Holiness Dalai Lama has given me more than I could ever ask for in this life. I met Dalai Lama in Bangalore, in 1989, at the 1st International Holistic Health and Medicine Conference. There were about a thousand international delegates in attendance for the two-day event.At the conference, before he began his talk, he walked down the aisles of all the rows of delegates where we were seated. We all stood in respect of his presence as he walked by.
Homoeopathic treatment leading to a unique response in a patient with renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Basu Nilanjana
Published: August 2020

A 45-year-old male patient presented with bilateral solid renal mass probably renal cell carcinoma (RCC). After initial treatment, the patient got symptomatic relief from pain in flanks, acute retention of urine and hematuria. The patient initially declined repeated investigations but agreed for an ultrasound after two years of treatment; the result showed reduction in size of the mass. The urea, creatinine and hemoglobin percentage were normal and reported a normal blood pressure. The quality of life was maintained without the conventional surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy. While this case provides evidence of positive outcomes for homeopathic therapy, more studies are required in a hospital setting to establish the real extent to which this therapy may be employed.
SOCIAL PROTECTION AND EMPLOYMENT IN AFRICA’S AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
Authors: Osabohien Romanus , Onanuga Olaronke , Aderounmu Busayo , Matthew Oluwatoyin , Osabuohien Evans
Published: August 2020

Social protection is increasingly becoming a powerful tool for enhancing productivity and employment and is, therefore, important for Africa’s agricultural transformation. Thus, this study aims at examining how Africa’s agricultural sector can be transformed through social protection policies and programmes for employment. It applies the Feasible Generalised Least Squares (FGLS) econometric method on a panel of 38 African countries with the data sourced from the Country Policy and Institutional Assessment (CPIA) and World Development Indicators (WDI) for the period 2005–2017. The results from the study show that social protection has a positive impact on employment outcomes through various channels such as building human resource, equity in the use of public resources, social inclusion, among others. The study concludes by recommending that the governments of African countries should implement effective social protection programmes and policies in the agricultural sector in form of insurance, in-kind and cash support, among others to make farming attractive, thereby increasing employment and productivity.
Anomalous Extinction toward NGC 1938
Authors: De Marchi Guido , Panagia Nino , Milone Antonino P.
Published: August 2020

Intrigued by the extended red giant clump (RC) stretching across the color–magnitude diagram of the stars in a 50 × 50 pc2 region of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) containing the clusters NGC 1938 and NGC 1939, we have studied the stellar populations to learn about the properties of the interstellar medium (ISM) in this area. The extended RC is caused by a large and uneven amount of extinction across the field. Its slope reveals anomalous extinction properties, with A

V
/E(B − V) ≃ 4.3, indicating the presence of an additional gray component in the optical contributing about 30% of the total extinction in the field and requiring big grains to be about twice as abundant as in the diffuse ISM. This appears to be consistent with the number of big grains injected into the surrounding ISM by the about 70 SN II explosions estimated to have occurred during the lifetime of the ∼120 Myr old NGC 1938. Although this cluster appears relatively small today and would be hard to detect beyond the distance of M31, with an estimated initial mass of ∼4800 M
⊙, NGC 1938 appears to have seriously altered the extinction properties in a wide area. This has important implications for the interpretation of luminosities and masses of star-forming galaxies both nearby and in the early universe.
Comparative Analyses of Plasma Properties and Composition in Two Types of Small-scale Interplanetary Flux-ropes
Authors: Huang Jin , Liu Yu , Liu Jihong , Shen Yuandeng
Published: August 2020

The origin of small-scale interplanetary magnetic flux-ropes (SIMFRs) and the relationship between SIMFRs and magnetic clouds (MCs) are still controversial. In this study, two populations of SMIFRs were collected, i.e., SIMFRs originating from the Sun (SIMFR-SUN) and those originating from the solar wind (SIMFR-SW). We defined the SIMFR-SUN (SIMFR-SW) as the SMIFRs that include (exclude) the counter-streaming suprathermal electrons and stay away from (close to) the heliospheric current sheet. After fitting with force-free flux-rope model, 52 SIMFR-SUN and 57 SIMFR-SW events observed by Advanced Composition Explorer from 1998 February to 2011 August were qualified. Using the approach of relating the measurements to their spatial position within the flux ropes, a comparative survey of plasma and composition characteristics inside the two populations of SIMFRs is presented. Results show that the two populations of SIMFRs have apparent differences. Compared with SIMFR-SW, SIMFR-SUN are MC-like, featuring lower central proton density, higher V
rad, higher low-FIP element abundances, higher and more fluctuate average ion charge-states and the ion charge-state ratios that are related to the heating in the low corona. In addition, for the ion charge-state distributions inside SIMFR-SUN, the sunward side is higher than earthward, which might be caused by the flare heating during eruption. Moreover, both SIMFR-SUN and MCs show anticorrelation between plasma β and the He/P trend. These characteristics indicate that SIMFR-SUN and MCs are very likely to have identical origination. This study supports the two-source origin of SIMFRs, i.e., the solar corona and the solar wind.
Prebiotic Precursors of the Primordial RNA World in Space: Detection of NH2OH
Authors: Rivilla Víctor M. , Martín-Pintado Jesús , Jiménez-Serra Izaskun , Martín Sergio , Rodríguez-Almeida Lucas F. , Requena-Torres Miguel A. , Rico-Villas Fernando , Zeng Shaoshan , Briones Carlos
Published: August 2020

One of the proposed scenarios for the origin of life is the primordial RNA world, which considers that RNA molecules were likely responsible for the storage of genetic information and the catalysis of biochemical reactions in primitive cells, before the advent of proteins and DNA. In the last decade, experiments in the field of prebiotic chemistry have shown that RNA nucleotides can be synthesized from relatively simple molecular precursors, most of which have been found in space. An important exception is hydroxylamine, NH2OH, which, despite several observational attempts, it has not been detected in space yet. Here we present the first detection of NH2OH in the interstellar medium toward the quiescent molecular cloud G+0.693-0.027 located in the Galactic Center. We have targeted the three groups of transitions from the J = 2−1, 3−2, and 4−3 rotational lines, detecting five transitions that are unblended or only slightly blended. The derived molecular abundance of NH2OH is (2.1 ± 0.9) × 10−10. From the comparison of the derived abundance of NH2OH and chemically related species, with those predicted by chemical models and measured in laboratory experiments, we favor the formation of NH2OH in the interstellar medium via hydrogenation of NO on dust grain surfaces, with possibly a contribution of ice-mantle NH3 oxidation processes. Further laboratory studies and quantum chemical calculations are needed to completely rule out the formation of NH2OH in the gas phase.
Implications of a Fast Radio Burst from a Galactic Magnetar
Authors: Margalit Ben , Beniamini Paz , Sridhar Navin , Metzger Brian D.
Published: August 2020

A luminous radio burst was recently detected in temporal coincidence with a hard X-ray flare from the Galactic magnetar SGR 1935+2154 with a time and frequency structure consistent with cosmological fast radio bursts (FRBs) and a fluence within a factor of ≲10 of the least energetic extragalactic FRB previously detected. Although active magnetars are commonly invoked FRB sources, several distinct mechanisms have been proposed for generating the radio emission that make different predictions for the accompanying higher-frequency radiation. We show that the properties of the coincident radio and X-ray flares from SGR 1935+2154, including their approximate simultaneity and relative fluence

, as well as the duration and spectrum of the X-ray emission, are consistent with extant predictions for the synchrotron maser shock model. Rather than arising from the inner magnetosphere, the X-rays are generated by (incoherent) synchrotron radiation from thermal electrons heated at the same internal shocks that produce the coherent maser emission as ultrarelativistic flare ejecta collides with a slower particle outflow (e.g., as generated by earlier flaring activity) on a radial scale of

cm. Although the rate of SGR 1935+2154–like bursts in the local universe is not sufficient to contribute appreciably to the extragalactic FRB rate, the inclusion of an additional population of more active magnetars with stronger magnetic fields than the Galactic population can explain both the FRB rate and the repeating fraction, but only if the population of active magnetars are born at a rate that is at least 2 orders of magnitude lower than that of the SGR 1935+2154–like magnetars. This may imply that the more active magnetar sources are not younger magnetars formed in a similar way to the Milky Way population (e.g., via ordinary supernovae) but are instead formed through more exotic channels, such as superluminous supernovae, accretion-induced collapse, or neutron star mergers.
OS CONSELHOS MUNICIPAIS EM FUNCIONAMENTO NO MUNICÍPIO DE CONGONHINHAS (PR): ALGUMAS CONSIDERAÇÕES
Authors: Pereira Machado José Luiz , Eleutério da Luz Coaracy
Published: August 2020

No contexto econômico e político atual é pertinente se debruçar sobre os espaços sociais destinados ao exercício e enriquecimento da democracia, pois as divergências e contradições construídas e reproduzidas na esfera pública merecem um olhar aprofundado da população, nesse sentido os conselhos municipais se consagram como meios formais de participação popular. No caso em estudo, o município de Congonhinhas, situado na mesorregião do Norte Pioneiro do Paraná, apresenta sete conselhos, três deles, realizam reuniões e também debates em torno dos assuntos de sua competência, composto por membros que representam diversas instituições e a sociedade civil. O objetivo aqui proposto é apresentar os conselhos em suas principais ações e analisar se há efetiva participação dos cidadãos. A metodologia utilizada foi entrevista com três membros de conselhos diferentes, o de Saúde, o de Alimentação escolar e o de Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável, por meio de um formulário próprio com questões abertas, gerando assim os resultados da pesquisa. Observou-se que há relevância da participação das pessoas nos assuntos de ordem coletiva na administração pública, na medida em que estas pessoas possuem tempo hábil para se dedicar ao assunto e tenham conhecimento sobre gestão e também boa vontade de agir socialmente.
FORMA, FUNÇÃO, ESTRUTURA E PROCESSO: AS CATEGORIAS MILTONIANAS SOB A PERSPECTIVA DA LÓGICA FORMAL
Authors: Garbin Estevão Pastori , Santil Fernando Luiz de Paula
Published: August 2020

A Lógica pode ser compreendida como uma disciplina que tem como objetivo auxiliar os seres humanos na construção e na crítica de um conhecimento válido. A Lógica Formal, por seu turno, é uma modalidade desta disciplina que tem como propósito a realização de generalizações sobre os traços característicos dos fenômenos analisados. Considerando as especificidades desta modalidade, o objetivo deste artigo é construir algumas aproximações e evidenciar alguns distanciamentos existentes entre a Lógica Formal e o papel das categorias miltonianas de forma, função, estrutura e processo, tendo como referencial teórico metodológico a Fenomenologia e a Gramática Pura de Charles Sanders Peirce. Para tanto, propõem-se a revisão teórica destas ciências, a análise semiótico-formal das categorias geográficas e a indicações das limitações deste tipo de abordagem.