bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Spectrum of Anti-Chromatin/Nucleosome Autoantibodies: Independent and Interdependent Biomarkers of Disease
Authors: Mehra Sonal , Fritzler Marvin J.
Published: April 2014

Autoantibodies directed to chromatin components date back to the discovery of the LE cell and the LE cell phenomenon circa 1950, and subsequent evidence that major components of that reaction were chromatin components and histones in particular. Over time, immunoassays ranging from ELISA and line immunoassays to more modern bead-based assays incorporated histone and DNA mixtures, purified histones, and purified nucleosomes leading to a more thorough understanding of the genesis and pathogenetic relationships of antibodies to chromatin components in systemic lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune conditions. More recently, interest has focussed on other components of chromatin such as high mobility group (HMG) proteins both as targets of B cell responses and pro-inflammatory mediators. This review will focus on immunoassays that utilize chromatin components, their clinical relationships, and newer evidence implicating HMG proteins and DNA neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as important players in systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases.
The Poisoning Effect of Na Doping over Mn‐Ce/TiO2 Catalyst for Low‐Temperature Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO by NH3
Authors: Yang Liu , Tan Yue , Sheng Zhongyi , Zhou Aiyi
Published: March 2014

Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), sodium nitrate (NaNO3), and sodium chloride (NaCl) were chosen as the precursors to prepare the Na salts deposited Mn‐Ce/TiO2 catalysts through an impregnation method. The influence of Na on the performance of the Mn‐Ce/TiO2 catalyst for low‐temperature selective catalytic reduction of NOx by NH3 was investigated. Experimental results showed that Na salts had negative effects on the activity of Mn‐Ce/TiO2 and the precursors of Na salts also affected the catalytic activity. The precursor Na2CO3 had a greater impact on the catalytic activity, while NaNO3 had minimal effect. The characterization results indicated that the significant changes in physical and chemical properties of Mn‐Ce/TiO2 were observed after Na was doped on the catalysts. The significant decreases in surface areas and NH3 adsorption amounts were observed after Na was doped on the catalysts, which could be considered as the main reasons for the deactivation of Na deposited Mn‐Ce/TiO2.
Solving Multidimensional 0-1 Knapsack Problem with Time-Free Tissue P Systems
Authors: Liu Xiangrong , Li Ziming , Suo Juan , Ju Ying , Liu Juan , Zeng Xiangxiang
Published: March 2014

Tissue P system is a class of parallel and distributed model; a feature of traditional tissue P system is that the execution time of certain biological processes is very sensitive to environmental factors that might be hard to control. In this work, we construct a family of tissue P systems that works independently from the values associated with the execution times of the rules. Furthermore, we present a time-free efficient solution to multidimensional 0-1 knapsack problem by timed recognizer tissue P systems.
Influence of Seismic Loading on Segment Opening of a Shield Tunnel
Authors: Chun-shan Yang , Hai-hong Mo , Jun-sheng Chen , Yi-zhao Wang
Published: April 2014

The influence of seismic loading on segment opening of a shield tunnel was explored using the dynamic finite element method to analyze the distribution of segment opening under multidirectional seismic loading, combined with a typical engineering installation. The calculation of segment opening was deduced from equivalent continuous theory and segment opening was obtained through calculations. The results show that the scope of influence of the foundation excavation on segment opening is mainly resigned to within 5 segment rings next to the diaphragm wall and 4 joints nearest the working well when the tunnel is first excavated followed by the working well in the excavation order. The effect of seismic loading on segment opening is significant, and the minimum increase of the maximal segment opening owing to seismic loading is 16%, while that of the average opening is 27%. Segment opening under bidirectional coupled seismic loading is significantly greater than that under one-dimensional seismic loading. On the basis of the numerical calculations, the seismic acceleration and segment opening caused by seismic action were normalized, and a new calculation method was proposed for predicting the maximal segment opening of a shield tunnel at different depths under conditions of seismic loading.
Prevalence of Dementia, Emotional State and Physical Performance among Older Adults in the Metropolitan Area of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
Authors: Velázquez-Brizuela Irma E. , Ortiz Genaro G. , Ventura-Castro Lucia , Árias-Merino Elva D. , Pacheco-Moisés Fermín P. , Macías-Islas Miguel A.
Published: March 2014

Background. Dementia affects memory, thinking, language, judgment, and behavior. Depression, is common in older adults with dementia. The concomitance of dementia and depression increases disability with impaired activities of daily living (ADL), increasing the chances of institutionalization and mortality.Methods. Cross-sectional study of a population 60 years and older who live in the State of Jalisco, Mexico. A total of 1142 persons were assessed regarding their cognitive function, emotional state, and physical performance. Door-to-door interview technique was assigned in condition with multistage probability random sampling. Cognitive function, depression and functional disability were assessed by applying standardized Minimental State Examination (Folstein), Geriatric Depression Scale, and the Katz index, respectively. Diagnosis of dementia was performed according to the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the Fourth Edition. Data were analyzed using SPSS software.Results. Prevalence of demency was 9.5% (63.35% women, and 36.7% men). Demency was associated with being woman, being older than 70 years, low level of education, not having the economic benefit of retirement, being single or living without a partner, low level of education, suffering from depression and have functional disability in ADL.Conclusion. Dementia is more common in women and is related to depression and disability.
Securing Cognitive Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey
Authors: Fragkiadakis Alexandros , Angelakis Vangelis , Tragos Elias Z.
Published: March 2014

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have gained a lot of attention recently due to the potential they provide for developing a plethora of cost-efficient applications. Although research on WSNs has been performed for more than a decade, only recently has the explosion of their potential applicability been identified. However, due to the fact that the wireless spectrum becomes congested in the unlicensed bands, there is a need for a next generation of WSNs, utilizing the advantages of cognitive radio (CR) technology for identifying and accessing the free spectrum bands. Thus, the next generation of wireless sensor networks is the cognitive wireless sensor networks (CWSNs). For the successful adoption of CWSNs, they have to be trustworthy and secure. Although the concept of CWSNs is quite new, a lot of work in the area of security and privacy has been done until now, and this work attempts to present an overview of the most important works for securing the CWSNs. Moreover, a discussion regarding open research issues is also given in the end of this work.
SVM-Based Spectrum Mobility Prediction Scheme in Mobile Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: Wang Yao , Zhang Zhongzhao , Ma Lin , Chen Jiamei
Published: March 2014

Spectrum mobility as an essential issue has not been fully investigated in mobile cognitive radio networks (CRNs). In this paper, a novel support vector machine based spectrum mobility prediction (SVM-SMP) scheme is presented considering time-varying and space-varying characteristics simultaneously in mobile CRNs. The mobility of cognitive users (CUs) and the working activities of primary users (PUs) are analyzed in theory. And a joint feature vector extraction (JFVE) method is proposed based on the theoretical analysis. Then spectrum mobility prediction is executed through the classification of SVM with a fast convergence speed. Numerical results validate that SVM-SMP gains better short-time prediction accuracy rate and miss prediction rate performance than the two algorithms just depending on the location and speed information. Additionally, a rational parameter design can remedy the prediction performance degradation caused by high speed SUs with strong randomness movements.
Technical Considerations of Phosphorous-32 Bremsstrahlung SPECT Imaging after Radioembolization of Hepatic Tumors: A Clinical Assessment with a Review of Imaging Parameters
Authors: Pirayesh Elahe , Amoui Mahasti , Akhlaghpoor Shahram , Tolooee Shahnaz , Khorrami Maryam , PoorBeigi Hossain , Sheibani Shahab , Assadi Majid
Published: March 2014

Background. Bremsstrahlung (BS) imaging during radioembolization (RE) confirms the deposition of radiotracer in hepatic/extrahepatic tumors. The aim of this study is to demonstrate32P images and to optimize the imaging parameters.Materials and Methods. Thirty-nine patients with variable types of hepatic tumors, treated with the intra-arterial injection of32P, were included. All patients underwent BS SPECT imaging 24–72 h after tracer administration, using low energy high resolution (LEHR) (18 patients) or medium energy general purpose (MEGP) (21 patients) collimators. A grading scale from 1 to 4 was used to express the compatibility of the32P images with those obtained from CT/MRI.Results. Although the image quality obtained with the MEGP collimator was visually and quantitatively better than with the LEHR (76% concordance score versus 71%, resp.), there was no statistically significant difference between them.Conclusion. The MEGP collimator is the first choice for BS SPECT imaging. However, if the collimator change is time consuming (as in a busy center) or an MEGP collimator is not available, the LEHR collimator could be practical with acceptable images, especially in a SPECT study. In addition, BS imaging is a useful method to confirm the proper distribution of radiotherapeutic agents and has good correlation with anatomical findings.
Solitary Mastocytoma of the Vulva
Authors: Velusamy Shasi , Karuthedath Areeppurath Mana Jayasree , Mathew Chalissery Francis
Published: March 2014

Solitary mastocytoma of the skin is a rare tumor. Its occurrence in the vulva is extremely rare with only few case reports in the literature. We report a solitary mastocytoma of the vulva in a 10-year-old girl. Her systemic examination was unremarkable. The clinical and histopathological features were consistent with the diagnosis of solitary mastocytoma of the vulva. The follow-up after surgical excision was uneventful. The purpose of this communication is (i) to report a case of solitary mastocytoma occurring in an unusual site, the vulva and to show that (ii) in this case age at presentation is 10 years with infancy as common age of presentation of solitary mastocytoma, and to show that (iii) in appropriate setting this should be included in the differential diagnosis of vulval swelling.
Research on Optimal Control for the Vehicle Suspension Based on the Simulated Annealing Algorithm
Authors: Meng Jie , Chen Qingzhang , He Ren
Published: April 2014

A method is designed to optimize the weight matrix of the LQR controller by using the simulated annealing algorithm. This method utilizes the random searching characteristics of the algorithm to optimize the weight matrices with the target function of suspension performance indexes. This method improves the design efficiency and control performance of the LQR control, and solves the problem of the LQR controller when defining the weight matrices. And a simulation is provided for vehicle active chassis control. The result shows that the active suspension using LQR optimized by the genetic algorithm compared to the chassis controlled by the normal LQR and the passive one, shows better performance. Meanwhile, the problem of defining the weight matrices is greatly solved.
Reactive Nodular Fibrous Pseudotumor: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Salihi Rawand , Moerman Philippe , Timmerman Dirk , Van Schoubroeck Dominique , Op de beeck Katya , Vergote Ignace
Published: March 2014

We will describe a case of a patient diagnosed with a rare identity of a benign lesion, “reactive nodular fibrous pseudotumor” (RNFP). It is a tumor which preoperatively can present as a malignant tumor and is only reported in 19 cases. According to the very limited amount of information on this tumor in the literature it is mostly seen after trauma or intraperitoneal inflammation. Our case is the second one of RNFP associated with endometriosis, which is a frequently seen intraperitoneal inflammation process in women. Knowledge that these large pseudotumoral lesions can occur is important to direct the management of these patients.
Classification of Phishing Email Using Random Forest Machine Learning Technique
Authors: Akinyelu Andronicus A. , Adewumi Aderemi O.
Published: April 2014

Phishing is one of the major challenges faced by the world of e-commerce today. Thanks to phishing attacks, billions of dollars have been lost by many companies and individuals. In 2012, an online report put the loss due to phishing attack at about $1.5 billion. This global impact of phishing attacks will continue to be on the increase and thus requires more efficient phishing detection techniques to curb the menace. This paper investigates and reports the use of random forest machine learning algorithm in classification of phishing attacks, with the major objective of developing an improved phishing email classifier with better prediction accuracy and fewer numbers of features. From a dataset consisting of 2000 phishing and ham emails, a set of prominent phishing email features (identified from the literature) were extracted and used by the machine learning algorithm with a resulting classification accuracy of 99.7% and low false negative (FN) and false positive (FP) rates.
Identification of an APC Variant in a Patient with Clinical Attenuated Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
Authors: Schlussel Andrew T. , Donlon Susan S. , Eggerding Faye A. , Gagliano Ronald A.
Published: March 2014

Introduction.The objective of this case report is to discuss an unclassified germline variant of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene identified in an older patient with attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome (AFAP).Methods.We present a case report of a 66-year-old man diagnosed with AFAP. Colonoscopy found multiple polyps and invasive adenocarcinoma arising in the transverse colon. Samples were tested for mutations in the APC gene.Results.DNA sequencing of germline DNA identified a cytosine (C) to thymine (T) transition at nucleotide 1240, heterozygous. The C to T transition at codon 414 is predicted to convert an arginine residue to a cysteine that is possibly pathogenic. Analysis of the patient’s colon tumor DNA indicated that the tumor had lost the mutant variant allele and retained only the normal allele, suggesting that the variant may not be significant.Conclusions.The p.R414C variant has been described previously as a germline mutation of probable pathogenicity. This substitution should be considered an unclassified variant and possibly not pathogenic. These findings support the need for further genetic testing of tissue, as well as for developing a mechanism for testing all variants, as this could significantly impact the lives of patients and their family members.
Stochastic Viscoelastic Wave Equations with Nonlinear Damping and Source Terms
Authors: Cheng Shuilin , Guo Yantao , Tang Yanbin
Published: March 2014

The goal of this paper is to study an initial boundary value problem of stochastic viscoelastic wave equation with nonlinear damping and source terms. Under certain conditions on the initial data: the relaxation function, the indices of nonlinear damping, and source terms and the random force, we prove the local existence and uniqueness of solution by the Galerkin approximation method. Then, considering the relationship between the indices of nonlinear damping and nonlinear source, we give the necessary conditions of global existence and explosion in finite time in some sense of solutions, respectively.
Adsorbent Ability of TreatedPeganum harmala-LSeeds for the Removal of Ni (II) from Aqueous Solutions: Kinetic, Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Studies
Authors: Ghasemi Maryam , Ghasemi Nahid , Azimi-Amin Javad
Published: March 2014

The main goal of this study was to evaluate the performance of new adsorbent, treatedPeganum harmala-Lseeds (TPHS), for the removal of Ni (II) from aqueous solution. Batch experiments were performed as a function of various experimental parameters. The adsorption studies included both equilibrium adsorption isotherms and kinetics. Equilibrium data fitted very well with the Langmuir isotherm model. Maximum adsorption capacity was determined 91.74 mg/g at pH 7. Kinetics studies showed better applicability for pseudo-second-order model for both adsorbents. The negative value ofΔG°confirmed the feasibility and spontaneity of TPHS for Ni (II) adsorption.
Credit Rating Using Type‐2 Fuzzy Neural Networks
Authors: Abiyev Rahib H.
Published: March 2014

Nowadays various new technologies such as artificial neural networks, genetic algorithms, and decision trees are used for modelling of credit rating. This paper presents design of credit rating model using a type‐2 fuzzy neural networks (FNN). In the paper, the structure of the type‐2 FNN is designed and its learning algorithm is derived. The proposed network is constructed on the base of a set of fuzzy rules that includes type‐2 fuzzy sets in the antecedent part and a linear function in the consequent part of the rules. A fuzzy clustering algorithm and gradient learning algorithm are implemented for generation of the rules and identification of parameters. Effectiveness of the proposed system is evaluated with the results obtained from the simulation of type‐2 FNN based systems and with the comparative simulation results of previous related models.
A Globally Convergent Parallel SSLE Algorithm for Inequality Constrained Optimization
Authors: Luo Zhijun , Wang Lirong
Published: April 2014

A new parallel variable distribution algorithm based on interior point SSLE algorithm is proposed for solving inequality constrained optimization problems under the condition that the constraints are block-separable by the technology of sequential system of linear equation. Each iteration of this algorithm only needs to solve three systems of linear equations with the same coefficient matrix to obtain the descent direction. Furthermore, under certain conditions, the global convergence is achieved.
Role of Fractalkine/CX3CL1 and Its Receptor in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory and Malignant Diseases with Emphasis on B Cell Malignancies
Authors: Ferretti Elisa , Pistoia Vito , Corcione Anna
Published: March 2014

Fractalkine/CX3CL1, the only member of the CX3C chemokine family, exists as a membrane-anchored molecule as well as in soluble form, each mediating different biological activities. It is constitutively expressed in many hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic tissues such as endothelial and epithelial cells, lymphocytes, neurons, microglial osteoblasts. The biological activities of CX3CL1 are mediated by CX3CR1, that is expressed on different cell types such as NK cells, CD14+monocytes, cytotoxic effector T cells, B cells, neurons, microglia, smooth muscle cells, and tumor cells. The CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis is involved in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory cancer including various B cell malignancies. In tumors the interaction between cancer cells and cellular microenvironment creates a context that may promote tumor growth, increase tumor survival, and facilitate metastasis. Therefore the role of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 has attracted interest as to the development of potential therapeutic approaches. Here we review the different effects of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis in several inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases and in cancer, with emphasis on human B cell lymphomas.
Modeling and Optimal Control of a Class of Warfare Hybrid Dynamic Systems Based on Lanchester (n, 1) Attrition Model
Authors: Chen Xiangyong , Zhang Ancai
Published: April 2014

For the particularity of warfare hybrid dynamic process, a class of warfare
hybrid dynamic systems is established based on Lanchester equation in a (n, 1) battle, where a heterogeneous force of n different troop types faces a homogeneous force. This model can be characterized by the interaction of continuous‐time models (governed by Lanchester equation), and discrete event systems (described by variable tactics). Furthermore, an expository discussion is presented on an optimal variable tactics control problem for warfare hybrid dynamic system. The optimal control strategies are designed based on dynamic programming and differential game theory. As an example of the consequences of this optimal control problem, we take the (2, 1) case and solve the optimal strategies in a (2, 1) case. Simulation results show the feasibility of warfare hybrid system model and the effectiveness of the optimal control strategies designed.
A Nonlinear Lagrange Algorithm for Stochastic Minimax Problems Based on Sample Average Approximation Method
Authors: He Suxiang , Nie Yunyun , Wang Xiaopeng
Published: April 2014

An implementable nonlinear Lagrange algorithm for stochastic minimax problems is presented based on sample average approximation method in this paper, in which the second step minimizes a nonlinear Lagrange function with sample average approximation functions of original functions and the sample average approximation of the Lagrange multiplier is adopted. Under a set of mild assumptions, it is proven that the sequences of solution and multiplier obtained by the proposed algorithm converge to the Kuhn-Tucker pair of the original problem with probability one as the sample size increases. At last, the numerical experiments for five test examples are performed and the numerical results indicate that the algorithm is promising.
Effect of Eugenol on Cell Surface Hydrophobicity, Adhesion, and Biofilm of Candida tropicalis and Candida dubliniensis Isolated from Oral Cavity of HIV‐Infected Patients
Authors: de Paula Suelen Balero , Bartelli Thais Fernanda , Di Raimo Vanessa , Santos Jussevania Pereira , Morey Alexandre Tadachi , Bosini Marina Andrea , Nakamura Celso Vataru , Yamauchi Lucy Megumi , Yamada-Ogatta Sueli Fumie
Published: April 2014

Most Candida spp. infections are associated with biofilm formation on host surfaces. Cells within these communities display a phenotype resistant to antimicrobials and host defenses, so biofilm‐associated infections are difficult to treat, representing a source of reinfections. The present study evaluated the effect of eugenol on the adherence properties and biofilm formation capacity of Candida dubliniensis and Candida tropicalis isolated from the oral cavity of HIV‐infected patients. All isolates were able to form biofilms on different substrate surfaces. Eugenol showed inhibitory activity against planktonic and sessile cells of Candida spp. No metabolic activity in biofilm was detected after 24 h of treatment. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that eugenol drastically reduced the number of sessile cells on denture material surfaces. Most Candida species showed hydrophobic behavior and a significant difference in cell surface hydrophobicity was observed after exposure of planktonic cells to eugenol for 1 h. Eugenol also caused a significant reduction in adhesion of most Candida spp. to HEp‐2 cells and to polystyrene. These findings corroborate the effectiveness of eugenol against Candida species other than C. albicans, reinforcing its potential as an antifungal applied to limit both the growth of planktonic cells and biofilm formation on different surfaces.
Fuzzy Mixed Assembly Line Sequencing and Scheduling Optimization Model Using Multiobjective Dynamic Fuzzy GA
Authors: Tahriri Farzad , Dawal Siti Zawiah Md , Taha Zahari
Published: March 2014

A new multiobjective dynamic fuzzy genetic algorithm is applied to solve a fuzzy mixed-model assembly line sequencing problem in which the primary goals are to minimize the total make-span and minimize the setup number simultaneously. Trapezoidal fuzzy numbers are implemented for variables such as operation and travelling time in order to generate results with higher accuracy and representative of real-case data. An improved genetic algorithm called fuzzy adaptive genetic algorithm (FAGA) is proposed in order to solve this optimization model. In establishing the FAGA, five dynamic fuzzy parameter controllers are devised in which fuzzy expert experience controller (FEEC) is integrated with automatic learning dynamic fuzzy controller (ALDFC) technique. The enhanced algorithm dynamically adjusts the population size, number of generations, tournament candidate, crossover rate, and mutation rate compared with using fixed control parameters. The main idea is to improve the performance and effectiveness of existing GAs by dynamic adjustment and control of the five parameters. Verification and validation of the dynamic fuzzy GA are carried out by developing test-beds and testing using a multiobjective fuzzy mixed production assembly line sequencing optimization problem. The simulation results highlight that the performance and efficacy of the proposed novel optimization algorithm are more efficient than the performance of the standard genetic algorithm in mixed assembly line sequencing model.
Mouse Bone Marrow-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells Do Not Restore Radiation-Induced Microvascular Damage
Authors: Seemann Ingar , te Poele Johannes A. M. , Hoving Saske , Stewart Fiona A.
Published: March 2014

Background. Radiotherapy is commonly used to treat breast and thoracic cancers but it also causes delayed microvascular damage and increases the risk of cardiac mortality. Endothelial cell proliferation and revascularization are crucial to restore microvasculature damage and maintain function of the irradiated heart. We have therefore examined the potential of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (BM-derived EPCs) for restoration of radiation-induced microvascular damage. Material & Methods. 16 Gy was delivered to the heart of adult C57BL/6 mice. Mice were injected with BM-derived EPCs, obtained from Eng+/+ or Eng+/− mice, 16 weeks and 28 weeks after irradiation. Morphological damage was evaluated at 40 weeks in transplanted mice, relative to radiation only and age-matched controls. Results. Cardiac irradiation decreased microvascular density and increased endothelial damage in surviving capillaries (decrease alkaline phosphatase expression and increased von Willebrand factor). Microvascular damage was not diminished by treatment with BM-derived EPCs. However, BM-derived EPCs from both Eng+/+ and Eng+/− mice diminished radiation-induced collagen deposition. Conclusion. Treatment with BM-derived EPCs did not restore radiation-induced microvascular damage but it did inhibit fibrosis. Endoglin deficiency did not impair this process.
Bivariate Nonlinear Diffusion Degradation Process Modeling via Copula and MCMC
Authors: Hao Huibing , Su Chun
Published: March 2014

A novel reliability assessment method for degradation product with two dependent performance characteristics (PCs) is proposed, which is different from existing work that only utilized one dimensional degradation data. In this model, the dependence of two PCs is described by the Frank copula function, and each PC is governed by a random effected nonlinear diffusion process where random effects capture the unit to unit differences. Considering that the model is so complicated and analytically intractable, Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method is used to estimate the unknown parameters. A numerical example about LED lamp is given to demonstrate the usefulness and validity of the proposed model and method. Numerical results show that the random effected nonlinear diffusion model is very useful by checking the goodness of fit of the real data, and ignoring the dependence between PCs may result in different reliability conclusion.
A Time Delay Predator-Prey System with Three-Stage-Structure
Authors: Gao Qiaoqin , Jin Zhen
Published: March 2014

A predator-prey system was studied that has a discrete delay, stage-structure, and Beddington-DeAngelis functional response, where predator species has three stages, immature, mature, and old age stages. By using of Mawhin's continuous theorem of coincidence degree theory, a sufficient condition is obtained for the existence of a positive periodic solution.
Complex Dynamics in a Harvested Nutrient‐Phytoplankton‐Zooplankton Model with Seasonality
Authors: Liu Chao , Liu Peiyong
Published: March 2014

A nutrient‐phytoplankton‐zooplankton model is established, where harvest effort on phytoplankton population and seasonal intrinsic growth of nutrient biomass are considered. Positivity and boundedness of solutions of model system are studied. By analyzing the characteristic equation of linearized system corresponding to the proposed model system, local asymptotic stability around interior equilibrium is studied, which reveals that interior equilibrium loses its stability at some critical value of predation rate. By utilizing Poincaré surface of section and computation of Lyapunov exponents, numerical experiments are performed to discuss the complex dynamical behavior of model system. Model system shows rich dynamic behavior including limit cycle and chaotic attractor due to variation of predation rate and seasonal intrinsic growth rate. Further numerical experiments show that reasonable harvesting has stabilizing effect on population dynamics that prevents chaotic behavior. Numerical simulations are carried out to show consistency with theoretical analysis obtained in this paper.
A Rare, Recurrent,De Novo14q32.2q32.31 Microdeletion of 1.1 Mb in a 20-Year-Old Female Patient with a Maternal UPD(14)-Like Phenotype and Intellectual Disability
Authors: Zada Almira , Mundhofir Farmaditya E. P. , Pfundt Rolph , Leijsten Nico , Nillesen Willy , Faradz Sultana M. H. , de Leeuw Nicole
Published: March 2014

We present a 20-year-old female patient from Indonesia with intellectual disability (ID), proportionate short stature, motor delay, feeding problems, microcephaly, facial dysmorphism, and precocious puberty who was previously screened normal for conventional karyotyping, fragile X testing, and subtelomeric MLPA analysis. Subsequent genome wide array analysis was performed on DNA from blood and revealed a 1.1 Mb deletion in 14q32.2q32.31 (chr14:100,388,343-101,506,214; hg19). Subsequent carrier testing in the parents by array showed that the deletion had occurredde novoin the patient and that her paternal 14q32 allele was deleted. The deleted region encompasses theDLK1/GTL2imprinted gene cluster which is consistent with the maternal UPD(14)-like phenotype of the patient. This rare, recurrent microdeletion was recently shown not to be mediated by low copy repeats, but by expanded TGG repeats, flanking the 14q32.2q32.21 deletion boundaries, a novel mechanism of recurrent genomic rearrangement. This is another example how the application of high resolution genome wide testing provides an accurate genetic diagnosis, thereby improving the care for patients and optimizing the counselling for family.
Characterization by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy of the Phase Composition at Interfaces in Thick Films of Polymer Blends
Authors: Lattante Sandro , Perulli Andrea , Anni Marco
Published: March 2014

Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) has been used as a fast, user-friendly, and noninvasive tool for characterizing the phase composition differences at the substrate and air interfaces in thick films of polymer blends. A clearly different phase composition at the blend/glass interface and at the blend/air interface has been detected. We show that PCBM preferentially accumulates at the glass/blend interface, while P3HT preferentially accumulates at the blend/air interface, by comparing the integrated signal intensity of the luminescence coming from both interfaces. Our results demonstrate that CLSM can be used conveniently for the fast identification of a preferential phase segregation at interfaces in polymer blends. This is useful in the research field on devices (like sensors or planar waveguides) that are based on very thick layers (thickness higher than 1 μm).
Selection of Oviposition Sites by Libelloides coccajus (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Neuroptera: Ascalaphidae), North of the Alps: Implications for Nature Conservation
Authors: Müller Markus , Schlegel Jürg , Krüsi Bertil O.
Published: March 2014

(1) The survival of peripheral populations is often threatened, especially in a changing environment. Furthermore, such populations frequently show adaptations to local conditions which, in turn, may enhance the ability of a species to adapt to changing environmental conditions. In conservation biology, peripheral populations are therefore of particular interest. (2) In northern Switzerland and southern Germany, Libelloides coccajus is an example of such a peripheral species. (3) Assuming that suitable oviposition sites are crucial to its long-term survival, we compared oviposition sites and adjacent control plots with regard to structure and composition of the vegetation. (4) Vegetation structure at and around oviposition sites seems to follow fairly stringent rules leading to at least two benefits for the egg clutches: (i) reduced risk of contact with adjacent plants, avoiding delayed drying after rainfall or morning dew and (ii) reduced shading and therefore higher temperatures. (5) Furthermore, the study showed that it is possible to successfully create secondary habitats for L. coccajus, as shown by a road verge in one of our study areas. It is likely that other artificial habitats such as abandoned gravel pits and quarries may also provide suitable habitats.
RobustH∞Filtering for a Class of Complex Networks with Stochastic Packet Dropouts and Time Delays
Authors: Zhang Jie , Lyu Ming , Karimi Hamid Reza , Guo Pengfei , Bo Yuming
Published: March 2014

The robustH∞filtering problem is investigated for a class of complex network systems which has stochastic packet dropouts and time delays, combined with disturbance inputs. The packet dropout phenomenon occurs in a random way and the occurrence probability for each measurement output node is governed by an individual random variable. Besides, the time delay phenomenon is assumed to occur in a nonlinear vector-valued function. We aim to design a filter such that the estimation error converges to zero exponentially in the mean square, while the disturbance rejection attenuation is constrained to a given level by means of theH∞performance index. By constructing the proper Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, we acquire sufficient conditions to guarantee the stability of the state detection observer for the discrete systems, and the observer gain is also derived by solving linear matrix inequalities. Finally, an illustrative example is provided to show the usefulness and effectiveness of the proposed design method.
Fast Disintegrating Combination Tablet of Taste Masked Levocetrizine Dihydrochloride and Montelukast Sodium: Formulation Design, Development, and Characterization
Authors: Gupta M. M. , Gupta Niraj , Chauhan Bhupendra S. , Pandey Shweta
Published: March 2014

The aim of this study was to prepare fast disintegrating combination tablet of taste masked Levocetrizine dihydrochloride and Montelukast sodium by using direct compression method. To prevent bitter taste and unacceptable odour of the Levocetrizine dihydrochloride drug, the drug was taste masked with ion exchange resins like Kyron-T-104 and Tulsion-412. Among the two resins, Kyron-T-104 was selected for further studies because of high drug loading capacity, low cost, and better drug release profile. An ion exchange resin complex was prepared by the batch technique and various parameters; namely, resin activation, drug: resin ratio, pH, temperature, and stirring time, and swelling time were optimized to successfully formulate the tasteless drug resin complex (DRC). The tablets were prepared using microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) PH 102 as diluent along with crospovidone (CP), croscarmellose sodium (CCM), and sodium starch glycolate (SSG) as a superdisintegrants. The tablets were evaluated for weight variation, hardness, friability, wetting time, water absorption ratio, disintegration time (DT), and dissolution study and it was concluded that the tablet formulation prepared with 2% SSG + CCS showed better disintegration time in comparison with other formulation and good drug release. The stability studies were carried out for the optimized batch for three months and it showed acceptable results.
Sampled-Data Control of Singular Systems with Time Delays
Authors: Minjie Zheng , Yujie Zhou , Shenhua Yang , Lina Li
Published: April 2014

This paper is concerned with sampled-data controller design for singular systems with time delay. It is assumed that the sampling periods are arbitrarily varying but bounded. A time-dependent Lyapunov function is proposed, which is positive definite at sampling times but not necessarily positive definite inside the sampling intervals. Combining input delay approach with Lyapunov method, sufficient conditions are derived which guarante that the singular system is regular, impulse free, and exponentially stable. Then, the existence conditions of desired sampled-data controller can be obtained, which are formulated in terms of strict linear matrix inequality. Finally, numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness and the benefits of the proposed method.
Reduced Bone and Body Mass in Young Male Rats Exposed to Lead
Authors: Augusto Tocchini de Figueiredo Fellipe , Gerlach Raquel Fernanda , Andreia Mesquita Silva da Veiga Márcia , Venancio Nakadi Flavio , Ramos Junia , Reiko Kawakita Erika , de Souza Guerra Carolina , Issa João Paulo Mardegan
Published: March 2014

The aim of this study was to see whether there would be differences in whole blood versus tibia lead concentrations over time in growing rats prenatally. Lead was given in the drinking water at 30 mg/L from the time the dams were pregnant until offspring was 28- or 60-day-old. Concentrations of lead were measured in whole blood and in tibia after 28 (28D) and 60 days (60D) in control (C) and in lead-exposed animals (Pb). Lead measurements were made by GF-AAS. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the concentration of whole blood lead between Pb-28D (8.0±1.1 μg/dL) and Pb-60D (7.2±0.89 μg/dL), while both significantly varied (P<0.01) from controls (0.2 μg/dL). Bone lead concentrations significantly varied between the Pb-28D (8.02±1.12 μg/g) and the Pb-60D (43.3±13.26 μg/g) lead-exposed groups (P<0.01), while those exposed groups were also significantly higher (P<0.0001) than the 28D and 60D control groups (Pb < 1 μg/g). The Pb-60D group showed a 25% decrease in tibia mass as compared to the respective control. The five times higher amount of lead found in the bone of older animals (Pb-60D versus Pb-28D), which reinforces the importance of using bone lead as an exposure biomarker.
Game Theoretic Request Scheduling with Queue Priority in Video Sensor Networks
Authors: Zhao Jia , Guan Jianfeng , Xu Changqiao , Su Wei
Published: March 2014

Video sensor networks have been widely used to monitor environment and report abnormality. Each node collects video data, select a head node, and transmit the data to the head, and then the head reports the data to the base station. A head has to process both normal and abnormal data-reporting requests from its nearby nodes. To achieve QoS of surveillance, previous request scheduling methods minimize the data transmission delay or blocking rate but no comprehensive way was studied in the literature. In this paper, we propose a game strategic request scheduling based on a queue priority model in which a handover mechanism ensures that the abnormal requests are processed in time. In the game, video sensors select their heads to decide the arriving rates of both normal and abnormal requests; the heads decide the probability of handing over the abnormal requests. At the Nash Equilibrium Point (NEP), the normal data requesters optimize mean delay, the abnormal data requesters optimize mean blocking rate, and the heads balance the request load on them. Numerical analysis shows that the game strategic scheduling outperforms other scheduling methods that consider single objective (minimum delay or minimum blocking rate).
Mixed Replenishment Policy for ATO Supply Chain Based on Hybrid Genetic Simulated Annealing Algorithm
Authors: Huang Hui , Jin Yan , Huang Bo , Qiu Han-Guang
Published: March 2014

Timely components replenishment is the key to ATO (assemble‐to‐order) supply chain operating successfully. We developed a
production and replenishment model of ATO supply chain, where the ATO manufacturer adopts both JIT and (Q, r) replenishment
mode simultaneously to replenish components. The ATO manufacturer’s mixed replenishment policy and component suppliers’ production
policies are studied. Furthermore, combining the rapid global searching ability of genetic algorithm and the local searching
ability of simulated annealing algorithm, a hybrid genetic simulated annealing algorithm (HGSAA) is proposed to search for the
optimal solution of the model. An experiment is given to illustrate the rapid convergence of the HGSAA and the good quality of
optimal mixed replenishment policy obtained by the HGSAA. Finally, by comparing the HGSAA with GA, it is proved that the
HGSAA is a more effective and reliable algorithm than GA for solving the optimization problem of mixed replenishment policy for
ATO supply chain.
Computational and Simulation Analysis of Pull-Out Fiber Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Zhao Xia , He Xiong-Jun , Yan Sheng , Anh Nguyen Phan
Published: April 2014

The computational and simulation analysis of pull-out fiber reinforced concrete was investigated. The finite element analysis was used to make this modeling and analysis on this reinforced system and three parts (concrete matrix, the placed fiber reinforcement polymers (FRP), and resin layer) were studied. A constant load was directly applied on the free end of placed FRP and the deformation, von Mises stress, displacement, and strain of these three analyzed parts were obtained. Meanwhile, the specimen system of bonding strength and strain was calculated by the method of ABAQUS. The results showed that, with the constant load, the von Mises stress, deformation, and strain appeared in these three parts, and the maximum values in both FRP and resin layer were shown at the free end side, which provides an accurate description of the rupture mode.
Energy-Efficient Node Selection Algorithms with Correlation Optimization in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Cheng Hongju , Su Zhihuang , Zhang Daqiang , Lloret Jaime , Yu Zhiyong
Published: March 2014

The sensing data of nodes is generally correlated in dense wireless sensor networks, and the active node selection problem aims at selecting a minimum number of nodes to provide required data services within error threshold so as to efficiently extend the network lifetime. In this paper, we firstly propose a new Cover Sets Balance (CSB) algorithm to choose a set of active nodes with the partially ordered tuple (data coverage range, residual energy). Then, we introduce a new Correlated Node Set Computing (CNSC) algorithm to find the correlated node set for a given node. Finally, we propose a High Residual Energy First (HREF) node selection algorithm to further reduce the number of active nodes. Extensive experiments demonstrate that HREF significantly reduces the number of active nodes, and CSB and HREF effectively increase the lifetime of wireless sensor networks compared with related works.
Web-Based Depression Screening and Psychiatric Consultation for College Students: A Feasibility and Acceptability Study
Authors: Williams Aya , LaRocca Rachel , Chang Trina , Trinh Nhi-Ha , Fava Maurizio , Kvedar Joseph , Yeung Albert
Published: March 2014

Background. A steady rise in the prevalence of depression among college students has negatively affected student quality of life. This study investigates the feasibility and acceptability of a Web-based model, including Skype, to screen and provide psychiatric consultation to depressed college students.Methods. Students completed the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) online; those who screened positive (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) or endorsed any level of suicidal ideation were offered Web-based psychiatric consultation using Skype. After the consultation, students filled out a 7-item satisfaction questionnaire to report on the acceptability of this Web-based method.Results. A total of 972 students consented to the online depression screening and 285 screened positive. Of those, 69 students consented and 17 students successfully completed the psychiatric consultation via Skype. Thirteen (76.4%) students found the interview useful in helping them understand their depression. Fifteen (88.2%) students thought that psychologists and psychiatrists could successfully see patients via videoconferencing.Conclusions. Current online technologies can provide depression screening and psychiatric consultation to college students; those who participated reported a positive experience. Future studies will need to address the low levels of participation among college students and attract students who are underserved, as well as use a videoconferencing platform that adequately protects data confidentiality.
Blowup Phenomena for the Compressible Euler and Euler-Poisson Equations with Initial Functional Conditions
Authors: Wong Sen , Yuen Manwai
Published: March 2014

We study, in the radial symmetric case, the finite time life span of the compressible Euler or Euler-Poisson equations inRN. For timet≥0, we can define a functionalH(t)associated with the solution of the equations and some testing functionf. When the pressure functionPof the governing equations is of the formP=Kργ, whereρis the density function,Kis a constant, andγ>1, we can show that the nontrivialC1solutions with nonslip boundary condition will blow up in finite time ifH(0)satisfies some initial functional conditions defined by the integrals off. Examples of the testing functions includerN-1ln(r+1),rN-1er,rN-1(r3-3r2+3r+ε),rN-1sin((π/2)(r/R)), andrN-1sinh r. The corresponding blowup result for the 1-dimensional nonradial symmetric case is also given.
Miniaturization Design for 8 × 8 Butler Matrix Based on Back-to-Back Bilayer Microstrip
Authors: Zhai Yu , Fang Xiaoxing , Ding Kejia , He Fei
Published: March 2014

A low-cost, compact 8 × 8 Butler matrix based on a novel bilayer microstrip configuration is presented and implemented for 4.3 GHz telecommunication application. A back-to-back placed bilayer microstrip structure has been proposed to avoid using crossover. To expand operational bandwidth of the Butler matrix, a three-branch line directional coupler has been employed as 3 dB/90° bridge, and a kind of improved two-order Schiffman phase shifter has been adopted as fixed phase shifter. For application of indoor wireless communication, a compact broadband 8 × 8 Butler matrix has been designed and fabricated. The measured results show that the return loss of the matrix is lower than −10 dB, the isolation is better than 17 dB, the power distribution error is less than ±2.0 dB, the phase error is less than ±15°, and the relative bandwidth is more than 23%.