bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resolution Enhancement in Coherent Diffraction Imaging Using High Dynamic Range Image
Authors: Liu Yuanyuan , Liu Qingwen , Zhao Shuangxiang , Sun Wenchen , Xu Bingxin , He Zuyuan
Published: September 2021

In a coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) system, the information of the sample is retrieved from the diffraction patterns recorded by the image sensor via multiple iterations. The limited dynamic range of the image sensor restricts the resolution of the reconstructed sample information. To alleviate this problem, the high dynamic range imaging technology is adopted to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the diffraction patterns. A sequence of raw diffraction images with differently exposure time are recorded by the image sensor. Then, they are fused to generate a high quality diffraction pattern based on the response function of the image sensor. With the fused diffraction patterns, the resolution of the coherent diffraction imaging can be effectively improved. The experiments on USAF resolution card is carried out to verify the effectiveness of our proposed method, in which the spatial resolution is improved by 1.8 times using the high dynamic range imaging technology.
Development of Graphene-Based Polymeric Nanocomposites: A Brief Overview
Authors: Díez-Pascual Ana M.
Published: September 2021

Graphene (G) and its derivatives, such as graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO), have outstanding electrical, mechanical, thermal, optical, and electrochemical properties, owed to their 2D structure and large specific surface area. Further, their combination with polymers leads to novel nanocomposites with enhanced structural and functional properties due to synergistic effects. Such nanocomposites are becoming increasingly useful in a wide variety of fields ranging from biomedicine to the electronics and energy storage applications. In this review, a brief introduction on the aforementioned G derivatives is presented, and different strategies to develop polymeric nanocomposites are described. Several functionalization methods including covalent and non-covalent approaches to increase their interaction with polymers are summarized, and selected examples are provided. Further, applications of this type of nanocomposites in the field of energy are discussed, including lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, transparent conductive electrodes, counter electrodes of dye-sensitized solar cells, and active layers of organic solar cells. Finally, the challenges and future outlook for G-based polymeric nanocomposites are discussed.
Electrospun Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Materials Based on Photo-Crosslinked Polyethylene Oxide
Authors: Fredi Giulia , Kianfar Parnian , Dalle Vacche Sara , Pegoretti Alessandro , Vitale Alessandra
Published: September 2021

Phase change materials (PCMs) in the form of fibers or fibrous mats with exceptional thermal energy storage ability and tunable working temperature are of high interest to produce smart thermoregulating textiles, useful for increasing human thermal comfort while avoiding energy waste. Common organic PCMs suffer from instability in their molten state, which limits their applicability as highly performing fibrous systems. In this work, electrospun fibrous mats made of polyethylene oxide (PEO), a PCM with excellent thermal properties and biocompatibility, were fabricated and their shape instability in the molten state was improved through UV photo-crosslinking. The characterization aimed to assess the performance of these shape-stable electrospun mats as nanofibrous PCMs for thermal management applications. In addition to an enhanced resistance to water-based solvents, UV-cured electrospun PEO mats demonstrated a remarkable latent heat (≈112 J/g), maintained over 80 heating/cooling cycles across the phase change temperature. Moreover, their morphological stability above their melting point was demonstrated both macroscopically and microscopically, with the retention of the initial nanofibrous morphology. Tensile mechanical tests demonstrated that the UV crosslinking considerably enhanced the ultimate properties of the fibrous mat, with a five-fold increase in both the tensile strength (from 0.15 MPa to 0.74 MPa) and the strain at break (from 2.5% to 12.2%) compared to the uncrosslinked mat. In conclusion, the photo-crosslinked electrospun PEO material exhibited high thermal properties and good shape stability without displaying leakage; accordingly, in the proposed PCM system, the necessity for encapsulation or use of a supporting layer has been eliminated. Photo-crosslinking thus proved itself as an effective, fast, and environmentally friendly method to dramatically improve the shape-stability of nanofibrous PEO electrospun mats for smart thermoregulating textiles.
Synthesis of Ti Powder from the Reduction of TiCl4 with Metal Hydrides in the H2 Atmosphere: Thermodynamic and Techno-Economic Analyses
Authors: Rezaei Ardani Mohammad , Sheikh Abdul Hamid Sheikh Abdul Rezan , Foo Dominic C. Y. , Mohamed Abdul Rahman
Published: September 2021

Titanium hydride (TiH2) is one of the basic materials for titanium (Ti) powder metallurgy. A novel method was proposed to produce TiH2 from the reduction of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) with magnesium hydride (MgH2) in the hydrogen (H2) atmosphere. The primary approach of this process is to produce TiH2 at a low-temperature range through an efficient and energy-saving process for further titanium powder production. In this study, the thermodynamic assessment and technoeconomic analysis of the process were investigated. The results show that the formation of TiH2 is feasible at low temperatures, and the molar ratio between TiCl4 and metal hydride as a reductant material has a critical role in its formation. Moreover, it was found that the yield of TiH2 is slightly higher when CaH2 is used as a reductant agent. The calculated equilibrium composition diagrams show that when the molar ratio between TiCl4 and metal hydrides is greater than the stoichiometric amount, the TiCl3 phase also forms. With a further increase in this ratio to greater than 4, no TiH2 was formed, and TiCl3 was the dominant product. Furthermore, the technoeconomic study revealed that the highest return on investment was achieved for the production scale of 5 t/batch of Ti powder production, with a payback time of 2.54 years. The analysis shows that the application of metal hydrides for TiH2 production from TiCl4 is technically feasible and economically viable.
Safety Study on Wax Deposition in Crude Oil Pipeline
Authors: Yao Bin , Zhao Deyin , Zhang Zhi , Huang Cheng
Published: September 2021

The Shunbei crude oil pipeline is prepared to use the unheated transportation process to transport waxy crudes. However, the wax formation in the pipeline is unknown. In order to predict the wax deposition of the pipeline, the physical property experiment of Shunbei crude oil was carried out through field sampling. The density, freezing point, hydrocarbon composition, and viscosity–temperature characteristics of crude oil are obtained. The cloud point and wax precipitation characteristics of the crude oil were obtained using the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermal analysis method. Then, the wax deposition rate of the pipeline was predicted by two methods: OLGA software and wax deposition kinetic model. Finally, the optimal pigging cycle of the pipeline was calculated on this basis. The results show that: Shunbei crude oil is a light crude oil with low wax content, a low freezing point, and a high cloud point. Comparing the OLGA simulation results with the calculation results of the Huang Qiyu model, the development trend of wax deposition along the pipeline was the same under different working conditions. The relative error of the maximum wax layer thickness was 6%, proving that it is feasible for OLGA to simulate wax deposition in long-distance crude oil pipelines. Affected by the wax precipitation characteristics of Shunbei crude oil, there was a peak of wax precipitation between the pipeline section where crude oil temperature was 9.31–13.31 °C and the recommended pigging cycle at the lowest throughput was 34 days in winter and 51 days in spring and autumn.
Effects of Parent Coal Properties on the Pyrolytic Char Chemical Structure: Insights from Micro-Raman Spectroscopy Based on 32 Kinds of Chinese Coals
Authors: Chen Dezhi , Ning Xinyu , Tang Wen , Xu Jun , Xu Kai , He Limo , Han Hengda , Su Sheng , Jiang Long , Wang Yi , Hu Song , Xiang Jun
Published: September 2021

The chemical structures of pyrolytic chars prepared from 32 kinds of Chinese coals were investigated with micro-Raman spectroscopy in this study. Both first-order and second-order Raman spectra of the chars were curve-fitted and analyzed. The effects of the parent coal properties, including coal rank, volatile, fixed carbon, and ash content, on the pyrolytic char structures were detailed discussed and the correlations between these coal properties and pyrolytic char chemical structures were set up. Multiple-factor analysis was done to propose a comprehensive coal property index that relates well to the pyrolytic char chemical structure. The results indicate that the aromatization degree is the key distinguishable structure of pyrolytic chars prepared from coals with various rank, and the alkyl C−H and aryl C−H structures have no significant difference. The aromatization degree of pyrolytic char decreases with the increase of coal rank, while it increases with the increase of the fixed carbon content in parent coals. The high content of moisture in parent coal can induce condensation of the pyrolytic char, but the inorganic composition probably prevents the condensation of the char. Limited correlations between the coal rank, fixed carbon, moisture and ash content, and the aromatization degree of pyrolytic chars were found. A comprehensive coal property index: (fixed carbon content + moisture content)/(volatile content + ash content) (in air dry basis) combining the coal properties together relates well to the aromatization degree of pyrolytic char and can act as a good indicator for the pyrolytic char chemical structure. This study reveals the effects of the parent coal properties, including coal rank, fixed carbon, moisture, and ash content, on the pyrolytic char chemical structure, and provides a new comprehensive coal property index to predict the pyrolytic char chemical structure.
Alister Hardy: A Naturalist of the Spiritual Realm
Authors: Moreira-Almeida Alexander , Freitas Marta Helena de , Schmidt Bettina E.
Published: September 2021

Alister Hardy was one of the pioneers of the scientific study of spiritual experiences (SE); however, his work and insights have not received the attention they deserve. This paper, based on an in-depth analysis of Hardy’s own writings, presents his main methodological and epistemological contributions for advancing the investigation of SE. Hardy’s main epistemological propositions were as follows: the transcendent as the core of spirituality and SE as a major source of R/S beliefs; a nondogmatic approach, acknowledging that Darwinian evolution does not imply materialism and that mind is not reducible to matter; and a call for studies of psychic experiences and considering an expanded naturalism, including the “para-physical”, that could lead to a perennial philosophy and a natural theology. His methods focused on phenomenological classification and the development of a natural history of SE based on studies with proper ecological validity on the experimental and the experiential, mixing large surveys of the general population with in-depth qualitative studies of the most prominent cases. In addition, it would be worth investigating developments of SE throughout a person’s life. Bringing back Hardy’s contributions will foster a better understanding of the history of the scientific study of SE and provide key insights for moving it forward.
“Being-Placed before God”: Reading the Early Heidegger’s Phenomenology of Liturgy with Jean-Yves Lacoste
Authors: Roggero Jorge Luis
Published: September 2021

This article aims to demonstrate, by means of a comparison with Lacoste’s proposal, that we can find a particular phenomenology of liturgy in the early Heidegger’s phenomenology of religion, centered in the structure of “being-placed before God”. His examination of this structure manages to go deeper than Lacoste in order to account for the essence of human existence. With this purpose in mind, in the first section of the article I will the present the basic features of the liturgical experience, as it is introduced in Experience and the Absolute. In the second section, I will analyze the early Heidegger’s phenomenology of religion and its interpretation of Christian factical life experience. Finally, in the third section, I will bring the insights from both sections together to establish the particularities of Heidegger’s phenomenology of liturgy.
Revelation in the Muslim, Christian, and Jewish Traditions: A Critical Analysis of Muhammad Abduh’s Notion of Revelation through the Lens of Joseph Ratzinger and Benedict De Spinoza
Authors: Widigdo Mohammad Syifa Amin , Zakaria Abd Razak Bin
Published: September 2021

This research investigated one of the foundational notions of religion, i.e., revelation, as presented by Muhammad Abduh (d. 1905) in Risālatal-Tawḥīd and Risālatal-Wāridāt, through a comparison with the understanding of revelation in the Catholic tradition, as elucidated by Pope Ratzinger (b. 1927), and in Judaism, as presented by the Jewish scholar B. D. Spinoza (d. 1677). This research closely considered Abduh’s works to reveal whether the notion of revelation in the Islamic tradition is different from or analogous to its counterparts in Catholicism and Judaism. Although these authors’ religious backgrounds are diverse, their understandings of revelation are analogous in the sense that revelation is understood as beyond the linguistic realm. However, they each have different religious and intellectual stances regarding the valid interpretation and knowledge of revelation; where Ratzinger relies on the Church’s authority, Spinoza believes in the efficacy of holy scripture, and Abduh has more confidence in the use of reason in understanding revelation. By delineating the commonalities and differences of the ideas of these three scholars from different religious backgrounds, a more open and fruitful interreligious conversation can be further cultivated.
Observation of Surface Displacement Associated with Rapid Urbanization and Land Creation in Lanzhou, Loess Plateau of China with Sentinel-1 SAR Imagery
Authors: Wei Yuming , Liu Xiaojie , Zhao Chaoying , Tomás Roberto , Jiang Zhuo
Published: September 2021

Lanzhou is one of the cities with the higher number of civil engineering projects for mountain excavation and city construction (MECC) on the China’s Loess Plateau. As a result, the city is suffering from severe surface displacement, which is posing an increasing threat to the safety of the buildings. However, up to date, there is no comprehensive and high-precision displacement map to characterize the spatiotemporal surface displacement patterns in the city of Lanzhou. In this study, satellite-based observations, including optical remote sensing and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensing, were jointly used to characterize the landscape and topography changes in Lanzhou between 1997 and 2020 and investigate the spatiotemporal patterns of the surface displacement associated with the large-scale MECC projects from 2015 December to March 2021. First, we retrieved the landscape changes in Lanzhou during the last 23 years using multi-temporal optical remote sensing images. Results illustrate that the landscape in local areas of Lanzhou has been dramatically changed as a result of the large-scale MECC projects and rapid urbanization. Then, we optimized the ordinary time series InSAR processing procedure by a “dynamic estimation of digital elevation model (DEM) errors” step added before displacement inversion to avoid the false displacement signals caused by DEM errors. The DEM errors and the high-precision surface displacement maps between December 2015 and March 2021 were calculated with 124 ascending and 122 descending Sentinel-1 SAR images. By combining estimated DEM errors and optical images, we detected and mapped historical MECC areas in the study area since 2000, retrieved the excavated and filling areas of the MECC projects, and evaluated their areas and volumes as well as the thickness of the filling loess. Results demonstrated that the area and volume of the excavated regions were basically equal to that of the filling regions, and the maximum thickness of the filling loess was greater than 90 m. Significant non-uniform surface displacements were observed in the filling regions of the MECC projects, with the maximum cumulative displacement lower than −40 cm. 2D displacement results revealed that surface displacement associated with the MECC project was dominated by settlements. From the correlation analysis between the displacement and the filling thickness, we found that the displacement magnitude was positively correlated with the thickness of the filling loess. This finding indicated that the compaction and consolidation process of the filling loess largely dominated the surface displacement. Our findings are of paramount importance for the urban planning and construction on the Loess Plateau region in which large-scale MECC projects are being developed.
Full Lifecycle Monitoring on Drought-Converted Catastrophic Flood Using Sentinel-1 SAR: A Case Study of Poyang Lake Region during Summer 2020
Authors: Yang Haoxiao , Wang Hongxian , Lu Jianzhong , Zhou Zhenzhong , Feng Qi , Wu Yue
Published: September 2021

During summer 2020, the most catastrophic flood in the 21st century attacked the Poyang Lake region, one of the flood-prone areas in China. To explore the occurrence mechanism and evolution patterns of this drought-converted flood better, a full lifecycle model is developed in this article. Employing Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images, with the advantages of high spatial–temporal resolution and all-day and all-weather working capacity, a bimodal threshold was applied to efficiently extract flood inundation mapping. Thus, 61 Sentinel-1 SAR images in 2020 were used to establish inundation sequences for full lifecycle monitoring. This flood presented an abrupt transformation from drought, a long duration, and the slow receding of water, and its area exceeded 3000 km2 from July to early October. In addition, inundation models that reflect the lake area and water level relationship were introduced to assist near-real-time monitoring. Through hydrological and meteorological analysis, compared with results of previous years (from 2010 to 2019), this study found that the water level from July to October in 2020 was at least 17% higher than the mean level at the same period in history and water volume had increased about 44.13 billion m3 during the flooding period. Similarly, the average precipitation from June to September was significantly higher than the same period of previous years. It was the abnormal sustained heavy precipitation and sharp rising of the water level that caused this catastrophic flood. In particular, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) increased from −1.02 in April to 1.31 in July, indicating that the flood was abruptly converted from drought. The inundated areas of several land types during different periods of the full lifecycle were calculated for damage assessment. It was found that cropland was the most heavily impaired with a maximum inundated area of 1375.67 km2, while other land types including forest, grassland, wetland, and impervious surface were relatively less damaged. The study results demonstrate that flood full lifecycle monitoring based on SAR data is helpful to explore the patterns of flood evolution, analyze causes, and assess damage. Simultaneously, focusing on drought-converted floods contributes to the understanding of flood patterns, which provides relevant management departments with decision support for disaster prevention and mitigation.
Design and Applications of Multi-Frequency Holographic Subsurface Radar: Review and Case Histories
Authors: Ivashov Sergey I. , Capineri Lorenzo , Bechtel Timothy D. , Razevig Vladimir V. , Inagaki Masaharu , Gueorguiev Nikolay L. , Kizilay Ahmet
Published: September 2021

Holographic subsurface radar (HSR) is not currently in widespread usage. This is due to a historical perspective in the ground-penetrating radar (GPR) community that the high attenuation of electromagnetic waves in most media of interest and the inability to apply time-varying gain to the continuous-wave (CW) HSR signal preclude sufficient effective penetration depth. While it is true that the fundamental physics of HSR, with its use of a CW signal, does not allow amplification of later (i.e., deeper) arrivals in lossy media (as is possible with impulse subsurface radar (ISR)), HSR has distinct advantages. The most important of these is the ability to do shallow subsurface imaging with a resolution that is not possible with ISR. In addition, the design of an HSR system is simpler than for ISR due to the relatively low-tech transmitting and receiving antennae. This paper provides a review of the main principles of HSR through an optical analogy and describes possible algorithms for radar hologram reconstruction. We also present a review of the history of development of systems and applications of the RASCAN type, which is possibly the only commercially available holographic subsurface radar. Among the subsurface imaging and remote sensing applications considered are humanitarian demining, construction inspection, nondestructive testing of dielectric aerospace materials, surveys of historic architecture and artworks, paleontology, and security screening. Each application is illustrated with relevant data acquired in laboratory and/or field experiments.
Is the Red Sea Sea-Level Rising at a Faster Rate than the Global Average? An Analysis Based on Satellite Altimetry Data
Authors: Abdulla Cheriyeri , Al-Subhi Abdullah
Published: September 2021

Satellite altimetry sea-level data was taken for nearly three decades (1993–2020) and is used to understand the variability and associated dynamics in the Red Sea sea-level. Seasonally, the sea-level is higher during December–January and lower during August, with a consistent pattern from south to north. The interannual fluctuations in sea-level have a close agreement with the variability in the global climate modes, i.e., El-Nino Southern Oscillation events, East Atlantic-West Russian oscillation, and the Indian Ocean Dipole. The impact of the El-Nino Southern Oscillation mode on sea-level is higher than other climate modes. The Red Sea sea-level was seen to rise at a rate of 3.88 mm/year from 1993–present, which was consistent with the global rate of 3.3 ± 0.5 mm/year. However, a noticeably faster rate of 6.40 mm/year was observed in the Red Sea sea-level from 2000-present.
FEF-Net: A Deep Learning Approach to Multiview SAR Image Target Recognition
Authors: Pei Jifang , Wang Zhiyong , Sun Xueping , Huo Weibo , Zhang Yin , Huang Yulin , Wu Junjie , Yang Jianyu
Published: September 2021

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is an advanced microwave imaging system of great importance. The recognition of real-world targets from SAR images, i.e., automatic target recognition (ATR), is an attractive but challenging issue. The majority of existing SAR ATR methods are designed for single-view SAR images. However, multiview SAR images contain more abundant classification information than single-view SAR images, which benefits automatic target classification and recognition. This paper proposes an end-to-end deep feature extraction and fusion network (FEF-Net) that can effectively exploit recognition information from multiview SAR images and can boost the target recognition performance. The proposed FEF-Net is based on a multiple-input network structure with some distinct and useful learning modules, such as deformable convolution and squeeze-and-excitation (SE). Multiview recognition information can be effectively extracted and fused with these modules. Therefore, excellent multiview SAR target recognition performance can be achieved by the proposed FEF-Net. The superiority of the proposed FEF-Net was validated based on experiments with the moving and stationary target acquisition and recognition (MSTAR) dataset.
Smart Sensor Technologies for IoT
Authors: Brida Peter , Krejcar Ondrej , Selamat Ali , Kertesz Attila
Published: September 2021

The recent development in wireless networks and devices leads to novel services that will utilize wireless communication on a new level [...]
Age and Gender Recognition Using a Convolutional Neural Network with a Specially Designed Multi-Attention Module through Speech Spectrograms
Authors: Tursunov Anvarjon , Mustaqeem  , Choeh Joon Yeon , Kwon Soonil
Published: September 2021

Speech signals are being used as a primary input source in human–computer interaction (HCI) to develop several applications, such as automatic speech recognition (ASR), speech emotion recognition (SER), gender, and age recognition. Classifying speakers according to their age and gender is a challenging task in speech processing owing to the disability of the current methods of extracting salient high-level speech features and classification models. To address these problems, we introduce a novel end-to-end age and gender recognition convolutional neural network (CNN) with a specially designed multi-attention module (MAM) from speech signals. Our proposed model uses MAM to extract spatial and temporal salient features from the input data effectively. The MAM mechanism uses a rectangular shape filter as a kernel in convolution layers and comprises two separate time and frequency attention mechanisms. The time attention branch learns to detect temporal cues, whereas the frequency attention module extracts the most relevant features to the target by focusing on the spatial frequency features. The combination of the two extracted spatial and temporal features complements one another and provide high performance in terms of age and gender classification. The proposed age and gender classification system was tested using the Common Voice and locally developed Korean speech recognition datasets. Our suggested model achieved 96%, 73%, and 76% accuracy scores for gender, age, and age-gender classification, respectively, using the Common Voice dataset. The Korean speech recognition dataset results were 97%, 97%, and 90% for gender, age, and age-gender recognition, respectively. The prediction performance of our proposed model, which was obtained in the experiments, demonstrated the superiority and robustness of the tasks regarding age, gender, and age-gender recognition from speech signals.
Crack Length Measurement Using Convolutional Neural Networks and Image Processing
Authors: Yuan Yingtao , Ge Zhendong , Su Xin , Guo Xiang , Suo Tao , Liu Yan , Yu Qifeng
Published: September 2021

Fatigue failure is a significant problem in the structural safety of engineering structures. Human inspection is the most widely used approach for fatigue failure detection, which is time consuming and subjective. Traditional vision-based methods are insufficient in distinguishing cracks from noises and detecting crack tips. In this paper, a new framework based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) and digital image processing is proposed to monitor crack propagation length. Convolutional neural networks were first applied to robustly detect the location of cracks with the interference of scratch and edges. Then, a crack tip-detection algorithm was established to accurately locate the crack tip and was used to calculate the length of the crack. The effectiveness and precision of the proposed approach were validated through conducting fatigue experiments. The results demonstrated that the proposed approach could robustly identify a fatigue crack surrounded by crack-like noises and locate the crack tip accurately. Furthermore, crack length could be measured with submillimeter accuracy.
BactoSpin: Novel Technology for Rapid Bacteria Detection and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing
Authors: Shumeiko Vlad , Hidas Guy , Nowogrodski Chen , Pinto Yariv , Gofrit Ofer , Duvdevani Mordechai , Shoseyov Oded
Published: September 2021

Inappropriate use of antibiotics is one of the leading causes of the increasing numbers of resistant bacteria strains, resulting in 700,000 deaths worldwide each year. Reducing unnecessary use of antibiotics and choosing the most effective antibiotics instead of broad-spectrum drugs will slow the arms race between germs and humans. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections. Currently, accurate diagnosis of UTI requires approximately 48 h from the time of urine sample collection until antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) results. This work presents a rapid bacterial detection device that integrates a centrifuge, microscope, and incubator. Two disposable microfluidic chips were developed. The first chip was designed for bacteria concentration, detection, and medium exchange. A second multi-channel chip was developed for AST. This chip contains superhydrophobic and hydrophilic coatings to ensure liquid separation between the channels without the need for valves. The designed chips supported the detection of E. coli at a concentration as low as 5 × 103 cells/mL within 5 min and AST in under 2 h. AST was also successfully performed with Klebsiella pneumonia isolated from a human urine sample. In addition, machine-learning-based image recognition was shown to reduce the required time for AST and to provide results within 1 h for E. coli cells. Thus, the BactoSpin device can serve as an efficient and rapid platform for UTI diagnostics and AST.
Expanding nursing functions of ophthalmic profile
Authors: Zakharova Tatyana Anatolyevna
Published: September 2021

Most ophthalmic diseases are extremely difficult to recognize and diagnose in their early stages. To date, the only non-invasive way to obtain the most complete information about the condition of the eyes is optical coherence tomography, which can be performed even in cases where other methods of examining the organs of vision are contraindicated [1, 2].
Motivative measures aimed at increasing the efficiency of labor of medical workers
Authors: Bessonova Tatyana Vladimirovna , Kropotova Svetlana Vladimirovna
Published: September 2021

The aim of the study is to correct the motivational activities of the specialized department and the department of general practitioners of the Samara City Polyclinic No. 10. Results:.The comparison of the factors that form the attitude to work in the medical and nursing staff of the specialized department and the department of general practitioners; the zones of tension of satisfaction with work of the medical and nursing staff of the department of general practitioners were identified; the zones of tension of satisfaction with work of the medical and nursing staff of the specialized department were identified; the ranking of the zones of tension of dissatisfaction with the factors of the working environment for all groups of respondents was carried out. Conclusion. Correction of motivational measures made it possible to formulate practical recommendations to improve the efficiency of the work of medical workers.
Features of pregnancy management in epilepsy
Authors: Klimov Vladimir Anatolievich
Published: September 2021

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease that manifests itself in the body's predisposition to the sudden onset of seizures. The incidence of a combination of epilepsy and pregnancy in the general population does not exceed 1%. The features of the course of this disease against the background of pregnancy, the requirements for the choice of antiepileptic drugs during gestation and their possible effect on the fetus are presented in the article.
The influence of psychological stress on the cardiovascular system of students of the Faculty of Biology and Chemistry in interaction with the orthostatic test
Authors: Moriakina Svetlana Vasilievna , Anzorov Vakha Askhadovich
Published: September 2021

The scientific article is devoted to the study of indicators of the cardiovascular system in students under examination stress. As a result of our research, we recorded that before the start of the exam and after its completion, the students experienced severe stress, which negatively affected the results of the hemodynamic parameters study that showed high values indicating an overstrain of the adaptive mechanisms.
Study of the etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of lesions of dental hard tissues and caries in children
Authors: Kamneva Nina Anatolievna
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the results of the study of etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of lesions of dental hard tissues, caries and their complications. The experimental study was carried out at the Department of Dentistry of the Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin, Tambov, for the period from 2019 to 2021 based on the data obtained in the course of dental research of etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of lesions of dental hard tissues, caries and their complications. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that its theoretical provisions and the empirical results obtained can be used by dentists for further research in this area of dentistry. The relevance of the study of etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of lesions of dental hard tissues, caries and their complications is beyond doubt in modern society. Thus, many aspects of the study of dentistry have found their place in the ontological field of dental problematic, revealing particular and special studies of etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of lesions of dental hard tissues, caries and their complications. It can be concluded that the study of etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of lesions of dental hard tissues, caries and their complications fell out of sight of researchers for a long time.
What do we know about N.V. Sklifosovsky?
Authors: Guseva Gyuldana Raufovna
Published: September 2021

Nikolay Sklifosovsky was called the acting surgeon of all wars of the 19th century. At the age of 30, he first got into the Austro-Prussian War, which allowed him to gain invaluable experience, after which he volunteered for the front during all the Russian-Turkish campaigns.Participation in military actions allowed him to rise to the rank of general and made Sklifosovsky the founder of modern military field surgery. It was he who first in the world began to use local anesthesia, using cocaine during palatal surgery; he proposed to disinfect instruments and introduced the rules of asepsis and antiseptics. However, his innovative ideas not only contributed to the rescue of hundreds of wounded, but also caused ridicule from colleagues, who used to say things like, you, Sklifosovsky, are so big, but you are afraid of some small bacteria that cannot be clearly discerned. Scientific and practical interests of N.V. Sklifosovsky were not limited to abdominal interventions alone; he successfully performed operations on female genital organs, joints and was very interested in maxillofacial surgery. On Sklifosovsky’s initiative, dentistry was included in the program of university disciplines as an independent science. Despite his undeniable achievements, in life outside the walls of medical institutions, he remained a very simple and courteous person; he never refused to provide medical care to the poor, and sometimes he himself purchased medicine for such patients. Wanting to calm and cheer up the patient before the operation, he never spared his time talking with patients.
Korszerű, nagy szilárdságú autóipari acélok fejlesztése
Authors: Tisza Miklós
Published: September 2021

Az utóbbi évtizedekben az autóipar folyamatosan növekvő követelményekkel nézett szembe. A növekvő követelmények mind a felhasználók, mind pedig a jogi előírások terén megfigyelhetők. Fogyasztói oldalról az egyre gazdaságosabb, kisebb fogyasztású, ugyanakkor magasabb kényelmi szintet és nagyobb biztonságot adó személygépkocsik iránti igény jelentkezik. Ezeket a követelményeket kiegészítik a fokozott környezetvédelmi előírások, amelyek minél kisebb károsanyag-kibocsátást tesznek lehetővé. Ezeknek a gyakran egymásnak is ellentmondó követelményeknek a kielégítése hatalmas kihívást jelent az autógyártókkal és az alapanyagot gyártókkal szemben. A követelmények kielégítésének igénye az elmúlt 40–50 évben hatalmas fejlődést eredményezett az autógyártóknál és az alapanyaggyártóknál is. Ebben a cikkben röviden áttekintjük az autóiparral szemben támasztott fő követelményeket, amelyek egyben az alapanyag-fejlesztés legfontosabb hajtóerőit is jelentik. A hagyományos nagy szilárdságú acélok mellett elsősorban a korszerű nagy szilárdságú acélok három generációjának ismertetésével foglalkozunk.
Vízzáró borítás kialakítása korrózióálló acélfólia lézersugaras hegesztésével
Authors: Acél Artúr Benjámin , Windisch Márk , Maloveczky Anna
Published: September 2021

A mérnöki tervezés célja szénszálerősítésű műanyag alkatrész vízzárásának kialakítása volt. Alapanyagként 50 μm vastag ausztenites rozsdamenetes acélfóliát használtunk. A borítás kialakításához, a megadott alkatrész geometriájához illeszkedő, mélyhúzott elemeket hegesztettünk össze. A mélyhúzó szerszámok és a hegesztőkészülék saját tervezésű és gyártmányú volt. A terítékek vágását, majd a mélyhúzott terítékek hegesztési technológiáját Trumpf gyártmányú TruMark 5010 típusú jelölő lézerrel valósítottuk meg.
Mikrofluidikai cella tervezése és gyártása spektroszkópiai ellipszométerhez
Authors: Bíró Tamás , Renkó József Bálint
Published: September 2021

Anyagvizsgálatoknál vagy egyes gyártási eljárásokban igen gyakran alkalmazott módszer a vékonyrétegek létrehozása a szövetszerkezet előhívására, illetve felületkezelési célból. Az eljárás széles körű használata ellenére a rétegépülés folyamatának fizikai háttere jelenleg sem teljesen feltérképezett. Vizsgálatához olyan eljárások és eszközök kidolgozására van szükség, amelyekkel a meglévőket kombinálva a rétegépülés jelensége folyamatában nyomon követhetővé válik. Erre a problémára a mikrofluidikai cellák fejlesztése jelenthet megoldást. Jelen cikkben egy új fejlesztésű mikrofluidikai cellát mutatunk be, amely több, a korábbi cellák használata során jelentkező problémára is megoldást kínál.
A szuperkritikus CO2 erőművi alkalmazásaiban használt, nagy forgássebességű generátorok jövőbeli szerkezeti anyagai
Authors: Nagy András , Jankovics István , Máté Márton
Published: September 2021

Jelen cikk célja, hogy bemutassa az anyagtudomány területén elért egyik ígéretes eredmény alkalmazhatóságát a gépészet egy területén, az új generációs erőművek egyik problémájának lehetséges megoldásában. A cikk áttekinti a villamos energia előállításának hatásfoknövelése érdekében folytatott kutatások egyik ígéretes területének, a szuperkritikus szén-dioxid munkaközegű erőművi körfolyamatok jellegzetességeit, valamint az ilyen erőművekben alkalmazható, nagy forgássebességű generátorok tulajdonságait. Az amorf szerkezetű anyagok alkalmazhatósága nagy forgássebességű villamos gépek építésére megoldhatja az ilyen gépek hatásfokbeli problémáját, teret engedve az új generációs erőművekben történő alkalmazásnak.
THE PROBLEM OF PROFESSIONALISM DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHERS OF THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE IN THE THEORY OF PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCE
Authors: Khodatska O.
Published: September 2021

The review article highlights the state of research on the problem of the development of professionalism of teachers of Ukrainian language and literature in modern pedagogical theory. It was found out that in pedagogical theory, there are no holistic studies of the problem of developing the professionalism of teachers of the Ukrainian language and literature in formal and non-formal education. However, there is a range of thorough scientific works, which define the essential professional competencies of the teacher-vocabulary, substantiate their essential characteristics, determine the component structure (general professional, linguistic, literary, methodological, cultural competence, etc.).Emphasis is placed on the development of professionalism of a teacher of philology in the context of non-formal education. The most effective forms of teacher professionalism in the process of formal education are internships (full-time and online), pedagogical internships, advanced training courses in non-formal education institutions, problem lectures and seminars, work of problem groups of teachers, participation in scientific conferences, pedagogical discussions and debates, pedagogical readings, webinars, etc.The author's definition of the term "professionalism of a teacher of the Ukrainian language and literature" is substantiated. The author's definition of the term "professionalism of a teacher of the Ukrainian language and literature" is substantiated. Analysis of research on the formation and development of professional competencies of teachers of Ukrainian language and literature made it possible to justify the author's definition to define the professionalism of a teacher of philology as an integrative set of professional qualities, including values to their profession, aimed at improving professional knowledge research, analytical, creative, communicative skills), provides a focus on continuous professional development and self-development, the formation of the ability to gradually assess their own professional activities, psychological attitudes to self-improvement in formal, non-formal and informal education.
ONLINE LEARNING IN THE POST-COVID EDUCATIONAL SPACE OF PEDAGOGICAL HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Rastrygina A. , Koloskova Z.
Published: September 2021

The article highlights the issues related to the need of introducing online education as an innovative form of learning in the post-COVID educational space of pedagogical educational establishments, mastering which becomes the basis for the development of specific elements of digital competence of future specialists.

It was stated that in finding ways to solve problems in the system of pedagogical higher education caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and its probable continuation over a long period, scientists stressed the need to respond immediately to new circumstances and introduce distance learning using various web servers, platforms and resources, and social networks.

Given the analysis of scientific sources and the results of expert verification of the feasibility of using digital assistive devices during the transition to distance learning related to quarantine measures, it is confirmed that most scientists from the world-leading universities have confirmed the effectiveness of combining common forms of offline learning with distance learning on the online platform and supported the introduction of blended learning in the post-COVID educational space of higher education institutions.

The use of online learning in the post-COVID educational space of pedagogical institutions of higher education, regardless of the format of its receiving (online or offline), is standardized at the national level and confirmed in the documents of the State Education Quality Service of Ukraine.

The content and forms of the distantly conducted classes are presented in the example of art subjects. Not only does it cause the change of teaching technologies in the art educational space of higher education institutions, but it also becomes an essential factor in improving the professional culture of a modern music teacher.
The person of the criminal that committed a criminal offence in the field of inviolability of State Border of Ukraine
Authors: Kushnir Yaroslav , Hutsuliak Mykola
Published: September 2021

The purpose of our study is to form a typical criminological profile of a person who has committed a criminal offense in the field of protection of the State Border of Ukraine. Based on the detailed study of the sentences issued by the national courts of Ukraine during 2015-2020 concerning such persons, a typical criminological profile of the person was formulated. Thus, the typical criminological profile is a male (95.7%), a citizen of Ukraine (89%), Ukrainian by nationality (82.6%), married or living in common-law marriage (69.6%), with low income (67.4%). Not previously convicted (87%), committed the crime to obtain additional funds (86.9%), admits guilt in full, repents, contributes to the disclosure of the crime (84.8%). Specialized research methods are applied. The comparative method is used to compare the characteristics of the offender, who violated the order of entry into and exit from the temporarily occupied territory of Ukraine and other crimes that encroached on border security. The logical-legal method is used to form logical, systematic, and consistent conclusions. The study is based on research of 38 sentences imposed on 46 people. The data obtained allowed us to interpret them as a characteristic of the offender.
Functions of public management of the regional development in the conditions of digital transformation of economy
Authors: Popelo Olha , Garafonova Olga , Tulchynska Svitlana , Derhaliuk Marta , Berezovskyi Danylo
Published: September 2021

In this study, a methodological approach based on the model of the differential equations system to determine the impact of the functions of public administration of the regional development in the context of digital transformation is proposed. As digital transformation involves changes in management models of systems at different levels in order to improve their efficiency, this also applies to public management of the regional development. Based on the system approach, social, reproductive and mobilizing functions of state management of the regional development were singled out. To determine the impact of public administration functions on the regional development, it is proposed to use a model of differential equations. Different weights of the influence of the functions of state management of the regional development in the conditions of digital transformation are characterized by dynamic changes in the amplitude of fluctuations of integral indices of the modules of the functionalities of social, reproductive and mobilization functions. Scientific novelty of this study is the development of a methodological approach based on the model of the differential equations system to determine social, reproductive and mobilizing functions of public administration of the regional development in the context of digital transformation.
FERRAMENTAS ESTRATÉGICAS DE GESTÃO DA INFORMAÇÃO: UM ESTUDO DE CASO SOBRE O NÍVEL DE CONHECIMENTO E UTILIZAÇÃO POR PARTE DOS COLABORADORES DE UMA EMPRESA DO SETOR SUCROALCOOLEIRO
Authors: Cortez Lucas de Paula , de Oliveira João Paulo Leonardo , Meireles Eduardo , de Paula Lucca Mahle , Alves Vitória Caroline canteiro Hernandez
Published: September 2021

Com a acelerada evolução tecnológica, percebe-se uma falta de conhecimento a respeitos das ferramentas estratégicas de gestão da informação nos funcionários que lidam dia a dia com os dados empresariais. Esse estudo visa demonstrar qual o nível de conhecimento dessas pessoas em relação às ferramentas tecnológicas utilizadas ou não por eles dentro das empresas, além de apresentar uma base teórica que ilustre exemplos da possível utilização. Percebeu-se que muitos deles, ainda que utilizem algumas ferramentas, não possuem conhecimento do potencial que é possível atingir com cada uma delas. O método utilizado para essa abordagem foi pesquisa bibliográfica para ilustração dos casos e ferramentas, além de uma pesquisa de campo com funcionários de uma empresa no interior de São Paulo. Como resultado, pôde-se verificar uma clara falta de conhecimento, onde apesar de todo avanço da tecnologia, além do barateamento para investimento nas ferramentas, também será preciso investir em treinamento para capacitar os funcionários em utilizar o máximo de recursos possíveis de cada uma das ferramentas estratégicas de gestão da informação.