bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Initial Impossibility and the Revision of Article 535 of the Korean Civil Code
Authors:   Korean Civil Law Association, Lee Kye Joung
Published: January 2025

This paper dealt with the issue of revising Article 535 of the Korean Civil Code (hereinafter “KCC”) regarding initial impossibility by reviewing Civil Codes of other countries and international model laws to analyze the international trends in prescribing the legal relationships arising from initial impossibility. The paper also elucidated the 2013 and 2024 revision proposals for Article 535 and discussed the legal issues related to initial impossibility. The contents of this paper could be summarized as follows: First of all, the 2024 revision proposal, like the 2013 revision, maintains that it is appropriate to abolish the doctrine of initial impossibility, which holds that a contract is invalid merely because at the time it was concluded performance of the obligation assumed was impossible. This argument is well-founded in that there is no justifiable reason to treat initial impossibility differently from supervening impossibility, and the initial impossibility of performance does not relate to the validity of the contract.
Secondly, unlike the 2013 revision proposal, the 2024 proposal does not include a separate provision for damages based on initial impossibility. The debtor's failure to satisfy their duty to provide information about initial impossibility can be encompassed within the negligence under Article 390 of the KCC, and non-performance due to initial impossibility can also fall under the category of "non-performance of obligations" under Article 390. Accordingly, the 2024 revision's position is justifiable.
Thirdly, the 2024 revision proposal clarifies that the creditor can claim expectation interest in cases of initial impossibility. Since a contract leading to initial impossibility is deemed valid, it can be legally justifiable for the creditor to expect the debtor to carry out the performance specified in the contract and the creditor's expectation interest can be included as damages under Article 393 of the KCC.
Finally, the 2013 revision proposal included a clause that exempted the debtor from liability if the creditor knew about the initial impossibility. However, the 2024 revision does not include such an exemption. If a creditor knew about the initial impossibility, it implies that the creditor intended to bear the risk associated with it. Therefore, even if the debtor failed to inform such a creditor about the impossibility, it is difficult to argue that the debtor was negligent. Hence, it would be appropriate to include an exemption clause as in the 2013 revision proposal.
Voltage Regulation in DC Microgrids Using Advanced Sinh-Cosh Algorithm
Authors: Khaizaran Abdulhussein Al Sumarmad
Published: January 2025

The integration of renewable energy sources in DC microgrids presents significant challenges in maintaining stable voltage regulation and efficient power management. Existing control approaches struggle to handle the inherent variability of renewable sources while maintaining optimal system performance. This paper presents an Adaptive Sinh Cosh Optimizer (ASCHO) integrated with cascade Fractional Order Proportional-Integral (FOPI) control to address these challenges. ASCHO enhances the original SCHO algorithm through dynamic parameter updating and improved exploration-exploitation mechanisms. The proposed control system demonstrates significant performance improvements, with ASCHO achieving a fitness value of superior to conventional approaches' values. In practical implementation, the system maintains voltage regulation within ±5V of the reference value and achieves a 70\% reduction in steady-state error (3.15V vs 10.39V) compared to SCHO. The method was extensively validated through 23 benchmark functions comprising unimodal, multimodal, and fixed-dimension multimodal functions, with ASCHO outperforming other algorithms in 17 functions. Comprehensive testing validates the system's robustness under varying solar irradiance, wind speed, and load demands. The results demonstrate faster rise times (0.00208s vs 0.00209s) and improved power management capabilities, while maintaining battery state of charge variations within 0.003%. The successful implementation establishes ASCHO as an effective solution to optimize DC microgrid control systems with high penetration of renewable energy.
Do the Macroeconomic variables influence Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs)?
Authors: Chaitanya Suresh Kittur
Published: January 2025

Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) are essentially Index Funds that are listed and traded on exchanges like stocks. Until the development of ETFs, this was not possible before. Globally, ETFs have opened a whole new panorama of investment opportunities to Retail as well as Institutional Money Managers. They enable investors to gain broad exposure to entire stock markets in different Countries and specific sectors with relative ease, on a real-time basis and at a lower cost than many other forms of investing. An ETF is a basket of stocks that reflects the composition of an Index, like S&P CNX Nifty or BSE Sensex. The ETFs trading value is based on the net asset value of the underlying stocks that it represents. Think of it as a Mutual Fund that you can buy and sell in real-time at a price that change throughout the day. Compared to mutual funds, ETFs are relatively new. The first U.S. ETFs were created by State Street Global Advisors with the launch of the S&P 500 depositary receipts, also known as SPDRs ("spiders"). Although the first ETFs tended to track broad market indexes, more recent ETFs have been developed to track sectors, fixed income, global investments, commodities and currencies. There exists correlation between ETF and macroeconomic variables and also change in independent variables causes change in dependent variable. However, the degree of variability differs. These variables form significant part and the level of prediction is also good. Therefore, the model is good fit for the data. An investor needs to guise into these while taking investment decision.
DEVELOPMENT OF A SMART HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM (HAS) FOR REMOTE APPLIANCE CONTROL AND ENHANCED SECURITY AGAINST FIRE HAZARDS AND INTRUSIONS
Authors: Susheel Kundu, Jyoti
Published: January 2025

Home automation has come a long way thanks to the development of smart technologies, which have increased efficiency, security, and convenience. The creation of a Smart Home Automation System (HAS) that allows for the remote control of appliances and strong protection against intruders and fire threats is detailed in this article. In this study, we build a home automation system that can be controlled remotely through a web browser. The system uses an internet connection and SMS alerts. The GUI is a web page. Regardless of the user's location, our proposed model for a monitoring and controlling device that warns them via Internet and SMS notification for security purposes tries to solve the difficulty. Various sites were examined to determine the prototype's efficiency, and the results revealed that the prototype was most effective at sites with the strongest signals. This research paper explores HAS in detail, including its technical foundations and the ways it can revolutionize human-home interaction for the better, leading to a future that is smarter, safer, and more environmentally friendly.
EVALUASI KINERJA KOLOM STABILIZER DI UNIT PLATFORMING
Authors: Himmawan Arsyad  , Hamid Farid Alfalaki
Published: January 2025

Kolom Stabilizer merupakan salah satu peralatan proses di unit platforming yang berfungsi sebagai pemisah antara fraksi butana dengan fraksi yang lebih ringan (C4-) sebagai produk atas sedangkan fraksi yang lebih berat (C5+) dalam bentuk naphtha atau High Octane Mogas Component (HOMC) sebagai produk bawah (reformat). Umpan masuk yang di peroleh berasal dari seksi Recontact yang dipanaskan. Laju alirnya sebesar 62.431,3 kg/jam dengan temperatur 106,4 oC dan tekanan 10,5 kg/cm2g. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data kondisi operasi, diketahui bahwa produk reformat sangat dipengarui perubahan suhu, suhu yang tinggi dapat meningkatkan laju reaksi sehingga memungkinkan konversi hidrokarbon menjadi produk yang lebih ringan dan nilai oktan juga lebih tinggi. Reformat yang dihasilkan harus memenuhi standar spesifikasi produk yang diinginkan, maka perlu dilakukan evaluasi kinerja dari alat kolom stabilizer seperti menganalisis perhitungan neraca massa produk, massa refluks, fase aliran umpan, fraksi pada umpan, titik didih dan titik embun umpan, harga (q) umpan, relative volatility (α), tray minimum, harga konstanta Underwood, refluks minimum, refluks operasi, dan jumlah tray teoritis sehingga dapat menentukan kondisi efisiensitifitas yang seharusnya. Untuk memastikan kolom bekerja dengan baik, dilakukan evaluasi efisiensi tray pada kolom stabilizer tersebut. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan jumlah tray minimum 3 tray, tray ideal 15 tray, dan efisiensi tray 50%.
PERANCANGAN ULANG TATA LETAK GUDANG MATERIAL LITHOS DENGAN METODE CLASS BASED STORAGE DI PT. XYZ
Authors: Firmansah Fattur , Saputra Ananta Candra , Syahfira Jihan , Ardhiyanto Nano Koes
Published: January 2025

PT. XYZ merupakan sebuah perusahaan yang melakukan produksi pelumas dengan sumber bahan material pengemasan Lithos di supply langsung dari Production unit yang bekerja sama dengan PT.XYZ. Material Lithos disimpan dalam gudang material PT. XYZ, agar proses produksi dapat berjalan dengan optimal. Penanganan material di gudang PT. XYZ dilakukan dengan menggunakan forklift sebagai material handling-nya. Peletakan material yang ada di gudang material Lithos PT. XYZ belum terorganisasi dengan baik sehingga perlu adanya suatu trobosan agar dalam peletakan material digudang dapat dijangkau oleh material handling dengan mudah. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membuat tata letak ulang gudang dengan menggunkan metode Class Based Storage, dengan membagi material kedalam beberapa kelas untuk mempermudah dalam peletakan, dan pengambilan materialnya. Berdasarkan hasil dari metode Class Based Storage menghasilkan penghematan jarak material handling sebesar 138.772,6 meter per tahun, dengan jarak existing sebesar 630.931 meter per tahun, dan jarak usulan sebesar 138.772,6 meter per tahun, dengan presentase selisih sebesar 21%. Selain penghematan jarak, metode Class Based Storage juga memberikan penghematan biaya material handling (OMH) sebesar Rp 3.165.403,01 dengan biaya existing sebesar Rp 122.091.536,11, dengan hasil usulan sebesar Rp 118.926.133,1 dan persentase selisih sebesar 2,6%.
STUDI KELAYAKAN PEMBANGUNAN TANGKI TIMBUN BERDASARKAN ANALISIS WAITING TIME TERHADAP INTEGRATED PORT TIME PADA INTEGRATED TERMINAL X
Authors: Faiza Savira Putri , Sugito Bambang
Published: January 2025

Pelabuhan sebagai tempat kapal bersandar, berlabuh, naik turun penumpang atau bongkar muat barang mulai mengembangkan formulasi Integrated Port Time (IPT). Formulasi ini membantu pen-gendalian waktu sandar kapal dengan menghitung Actual Time Arrival hingga Actual Time Depature. Namun dengan berbagai faktor yang terjadi terdapat kenaikan angka Integrated Port Time pada Inte-grated Terminal X yang melebihi ketetapan baseline sehingga menyebabkan kerugian secara finansial bagi pihak penyewa kapal akbibat demurrage. Dengan permasalahan tersebut, maka dilakukan ana-lisis perhitungan IPT pada Integrated Terminal X serta menggunakan diagram fishbone guna menemukan penyebab terjadinya demurrage dan mengkaji kelayakan finansial dari pembangunan tangki timbun sebagai solusi yang ditawarkan untuk menanggulangi fenomena demurrage. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa meningkatnya angka IPT disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya adalah waiting ullage saat kegiatan discharge. Hal ini menyebabkan kerugian finansial bagi PT.X karena biaya sewa kapal yang terus meningkat. Sehingga, solusi yang ditawarkan adalah pembangunan tangki timbun baru dengan kapasitas 3500 KL untuk mengeliminasi faktor over IPT. Hasil perhitungan kelayakan ekonomi menunjukkan angka NPV sebesar Rp. 351.869.577.688, IRR sebesar 89%, PI sebesar 8, dan Payback Period selama 5 tahun 9 bulan. Olehkarena itu, pembangunan tangki timbun baru adalah solusi yang layak untuk mengurangi waiting time dan meningkatkan efisiensi operasi terminal.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI PEMESANAN GAS DI PT X
Authors: Ovianggraeni Diaputri , Ardhiyanto Nano Koes
Published: January 2025

Perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (TIK) telah memberikan dampak signifikan pada berbagai aspek kehidupan, termasuk dunia bisnis. PT X, yang bergerak di bidang pemesanan dan penyediaan tabung gas, masih menggunakan sistem manual dalam mengelola proses pemesanan. Sistem manual ini memiliki beberapa kelemahan seperti inefisiensi dalam proses pemesanan, data yang tidak terintegrasi, dan tidak real-time, yang mengakibatkan waktu pemrosesan lama, tingginya tingkat kesalahan, dan biaya pemrosesan tinggi. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, dirancanglah sebuah sistem informasi berbasis web yang dapat diakses kapan saja dan di mana saja. Sistem ini mempermudah pendataan pemesanan gas dan memberikan informasi stok secara real-time tanpa perangkat tertentu. Sistem informasi ini mengintegrasikan setiap fungsi terkait sehingga data dapat dioperasikan dengan efisien. Pengguna sistem terdiri dari pelanggan dan owner, yang meliputi manajer operasional, supervisor penyaluran, koordinator pengiriman, dan tim distribusi. Setiap pengguna memiliki hak akses berbeda; pelanggan hanya dapat mengajukan permintaan, sedangkan owner dapat mengelola akun admin, kategori, produk, dan pesanan pelanggan. Dengan sistem informasi ini, PT X dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan akurasi dalam proses pemesanan tabung gas.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI DATA MATERIAL RETURN BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Saputri Thadea Eka , Sono Sono , Rahmayanti Laila Suroyya , Tutkey Emy Bairika
Published: January 2025

Seiring berjalannya waktu terus terjadi perkembangan teknologi dan sistem informasi. Sistem informasi merupakan suatu kumpulan komponen-kompenen yang berkaitan menjadi suatu jaringan yang berjalan untuk megerjakan suatu tugas. Dengan pergerakan global yang terus menuju digitalisasi maka diperlukan suatu sistem informasi yang lebih terintregrasi salah satunya sistem informasi berbasis web. Material return merupakan barang-barang atau peralatan yang dikembalikan akibat terdapat kekurangan atau kerusakan, dapat juga dikarenakan kelebihan atau sisa dari proses operasional atau pembokaran. Pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan kegiatan perancangan sistem informasi berbasis web dengan metode penelitian System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) dengan model Waterfall, ada beberapa tahapan teknik Waterfall diantaranya adalah Identifikasi Kebutuhan, Perancangan Desain, Perancangan Sistem Sesuai Dengan Desain, Pengujian Sistem, dan Pengawasan. Material return pada perusahaan perlu direkap datanya untuk menjadi bagian dari pertimbangan pengambilan keputusan, analisis produktivitas dan lain-lain. Implementasi sistem informasi material return berbasis web mempercepat pelacakan, manajemen, dan pelaporan data material return. Ini ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan waktu respons dan akurasi informasi.
PERANCANGAN SIMULATOR SINGLE PLANE BALANCING UNTUK MATA KULIAH PRAKTIKUM ANALISIS GETARAN MESIN
Authors: Latifin Latifin , Widyanto Totok
Published: January 2025

Kemajuan pesat dalam ilmu pengetahuan telah meningkatkan produksi mesin untuk memenuhi kebutuhan manusia. Dalam industri, berbagai mesin seperti turbin, kompresor, pompa, dan kipas digunakan untuk mempermudah dan mempercepat pekerjaan. Mesin-mesin ini biasanya memiliki poros yang berputar dengan kecepatan tertentu. Tingkat getaran tinggi pada peralatan berputar dapat menyebabkan kerusakan serius jika sumbernya tidak segera diidentifikasi. Salah satu penyebab utama getaran tinggi adalah unbalance. Proses penyeimbangan diperlukan untuk mengurangi ketidakseimbangan hingga tingkat residu sekecil mungkin. Oleh karena itu, pemahaman tentang getaran sangat penting bagi dosen dan mahasiswa di PEM Akamigas. Proyek ini bertujuan untuk merancang alat simulator single plane balancing untuk mata kuliah praktikum Analisis Getaran Mesin, dengan didapatkan hasil perhitungan perancangan diameter poros sebesar 32 mm, dan Pasak pada fly wheel memiliki nilai lebar pasak sebesar 10 mm, tinggi pasak sebesar 8 mm dan panjang pasak sebesar 45 mm. Pasak pada kopling memiliki nilai lebar pasak sebesar 10 mm, tinggi pasak sebesar 8 mm, dan panjang pasak sebesar 27 mm. Diameter luar kopling sebesar 125 mm. Selain itu juga dilaksakanakan pengujian menggunakan metode vektor dengan hasil yang didapatkan bahwa di titik C memiliki amplitudo yang paling kecil sebesar 0, 701 mm/s, dan memiliki status good atau dapat digunakan dengan baik pada posisi tersebut dengan massa penyeimbangan sebesar 116,7 gram pada putaran 1100 RPM. Tujuan pengujian tersebut untuk membuktikan bahwa simulator ini dapat difungsikan dan digunakan untuk keperluan praktikum Analisis Getaran Mesin pada Program Studi Teknik Mesin Kilang PEM Akamigas.
EVALUASI UNJUK KERJA BOILER TIPE FIRE TUBE 6 T/H TWA DI PPSDM MIGAS CEPU
Authors: Z Salman Al-Farizi , Handoko Susilo
Published: January 2025

Boiler 6 T/H TWA yang berada pada unit boiler pada PPSDM Migas Cepu merupakan peralatan bejana tekan penghasil uap bertekanan yang berfungsi sebagai media pemanas minyak residu, sebagai fluida kerja untuk menggerakkan pompa torak, sebagai media pembantu dalam proses fraksinasi di kilang, dan untuk memanaskan air umpan boiler di tangki deaerator yang digunakan untuk membuang gas oksigen didalam air agar tidak masuk kedalam boiler. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan melibatkan pengumpulan data spesifikasi boiler 6 T/H TWA dan data operasi boiler 6 T/H TWA. Data total pemakaian air sebesar 4,268 m3/jam dan jumlah produksi uap sebesar 3397 kg/jam pada tekanan 4 kg/cm2 dan suhu 140 °C yang menghasilkan efisiensi dengan metode langsung sebesar 78,12 % dan efisiensi dengan metode tidak langsung sebesar 77,6 %. Perbedaan perhitungan efisiensi pada dua metode tersebut dikarenakan perbedaan aspek perhitungan yang mana pada perhitungan efisiensi dengan metode tidak langsung memiliki aspek-aspek yang lebih banyak dan menghasilkan perhitungan efisiensi kinerja boiler yang mendetail.
ASSESMENT UNJUK KERJA BOILER TWA 6000 KG/H DI KILANG PPSDM MIGAS CEPU
Authors: Ayyub  , Hafid Suharyadi
Published: January 2025

Kilang PPSDM Migas merupakan fasilitas industri milik PPSDM Migas yang mengolah minyak mentah dari lapangan kawengan dan lapangan ledok milik PT. Pertamina EP Asset 4 Field Cepu. Boiler TWA 6000 kg/h merupakan salah satu dari tiga unit boiler yang ada di boiler plant PPSDM Migas. Boiler ini berjenis fire tube boiler dan berbahan bakar campuran residu dan solar. Boiler ini mampu menghasilkan uap dengan kapasitas maksimal 6000 kg/jam dan sudah beroperasi selama 6 tahun. Seiring berjalannya waktu pengoperasian, efisiensi boiler berpotensi mengalami penurunan. Untuk mengetahui penurunan efisiensi boiler perlu dilakukan perhitungan efisiensi boiler menggunakan metode langsung dan metode tidak Langsung. Dalam perhitungan efisiensi metode langsung didapatkan panas masuk sebesar 2.353.496 kcal/jam dan panas Keluar berupa hasil uap yang terpakai sebesar 1.894.965 kcal/jam sehingga didapatkan efisiensi sebesar 80,52 %. Untuk melakukan perhitungan efisiensi metode tidak langsung didapatkan total panas masuk sebesar 2.603.063 kcal/jam dan total panas yang hilang sebesar 516.353 kcal/jam sehingga didapatkan efisiensi sebesar 80,19 %. Perbedaan nilai efisiensi menggunakan dua metode dikarenakan perhitungan dengan metode langsung merupakan perbandingan antara energi yang ada dalam keluaran aliran uap dengan energi yang berguna dalam bahan bakar yang digunakan. Sedangkan untuk metode tidak langsung terdapat perhitungan persentase panas yang hilang.
EVALUASI ELECTRIC SUBMERSIBLE PUMP UNTUK OPTIMASI PRODUKSI PADA SUMUR X
Authors: Subiantoro Fatih Raka , Adi Sulistyo , Rosiani Diyah
Published: January 2025

Proses pengangkatan minyak dan gas sangat dipengaruhi oleh penurunan tekanan reservoir, yang pada akhirnya mengurangi laju produksi. Untuk mempertahankan produksi yang optimal, metode pengangkatan buatan seperti Electric Submersible Pump (ESP) sangat penting. Makalah ini membahas perencanaan dan desain sistem ESP untuk Sumur X, sebuah sumur tua dengan riwayat modifikasi komplesi. Sumur X, yang telah beroperasi sejak 2014, memiliki enam zona produksi dan telah beralih antara produksi gas dan minyak. Dengan karakteristik reservoir yang menunjukkan batu pasir bertekanan rendah dan cadangan besar, desain pompa yang efektif sangat krusial. Studi ini menggunakan analisis Inflow Performance Relationship (IPR), khususnya persamaan Vogel, untuk mengevaluasi kemampuan produksi dan menentukan laju aliran optimal. Temuan utama menunjukkan bahwa laju aliran fluida maksimum yang dapat dicapai adalah 527,368 barrel liquid per day (BFPD), dengan laju produksi optimal sebesar 421,894 BFPD, menghasilkan estimasi produksi minyak sebesar 198,290 barrel oil per day (BOPD). Analisis ini menekankan pentingnya pengumpulan data yang akurat dan optimalisasi desain pompa untuk meningkatkan efisiensi produksi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan sumur dapat secara signifikan meningkatkan hasil produksi, serta memperlihatkan efektivitas sistem ESP dalam mengelola tantangan yang terkait dengan sumur tua. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pemahaman teknologi pengangkatan buatan dalam meningkatkan pemulihan hidrokarbon.
Pelatihan Penulisan Artikel Ilimah dan Teknik Submite ke Jurnal Open Journal System (OSJ) bagi Mahasiswa
Authors: Novelty Novelty , Erpidawati Erpidawati , M Yeni , Efendi Fidel , Ilyas Romi
Published: January 2025

Pelatihan penulisan artikel ilmiah dan teknik unggah ke jurnal Open Journal Systems (OJS) bagi mahasiswa bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam menulis artikel ilmiah yang berkualitas serta menguasai prosedur pengiriman artikel ke jurnal ilmiah melalui sistem OJS. Pelatihan ini terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi n materi mengenai komponen artikel ilmiah, etika penulisan, serta pengenalan dan penggunaan OJS. Selain itu, peserta diberikan kesempatan untuk mempraktikkan penulisan artikel dan pengiriman artikel secara langsung melalui OJS. Hasil pelatihan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan mahasiswa dalam menulis artikel ilmiah yang sesuai dengan standar jurnal, serta memberikan wawasan mengenai proses publikasi ilmiah secara daring. Dengan demikian, pelatihan ini tidak hanya memperkuat keterampilan akademik mahasiswa, tetapi juga mempersiapkan mereka untuk berkontribusi lebih lanjut dalam dunia penelitian dan publikasi ilmiah.
Animal Spirits: Magical Realism in the Anthropocene
Authors: Faris Wendy
Published: January 2025

In this essay I will investigate the minor yet significant presence of animals in magical realist texts. That presence follows two main threads: what we might call “memories of the future” and “world spirit.” They are different phenomena, pointing up the breadth of magical realism: the first is historically oriented and often tied to particular entities; the second is more metaphysical, even universal in nature. But they are related in both imagining beyond paradigms of material progress, even, perhaps, of materiality itself. I will begin by conceptualizing what I think may be going on at a macro level, and then proceed to fill that paradigm (finding contradictions along the way, of course) with what I hope will be some interesting details. I think that intriguing details are a particular strength of magical realist writing, a main reason for its excellence and consequent popularity.
Ethical Choice and Melancholy: Lady Macbeth in Her Dreams
Authors: Lei Yanni , Lu Wei
Published: January 2025

Despite the large body of literature on Lady Macbeth, little research has been undertaken to demonstrate the relationship between the invocation by Lady Macbeth in the first act and the final dreams that imprison her. From the perspectives of literary ethical criticism and Early Modern dream theories, this essay argues that the sleep-walking scene in the final act reveals the ethical predicament and the punishment suffered by Lady Macbeth, while the invocation, instead of serving merely as exaggerating rhetoric or performance of witchcraft, indicates Lady Macbeth’s ethical choice and her self-hypnosis that finally lead to the punishment. The causal relation between the invocation and the dreams is built up via a series of somatic changes brought by melancholy, through which William Shakespeare demonstrates to the audience the interaction between body and mind, and the inescapable consequence entailed by the wrong ethical choice.
An Analysis of Lexical and Grammatical Collocations in Oscar Wilde’s “The Selfish Giant”
Authors: Jagadeeswari B. , Saravanan Dr.V. K.
Published: January 2025

Oscar Wilde is a poet, dramatist, and short story writer. His “The Selfish Giant” is one of popular short stories. The message of the story is co-existence and spreading love. In recent years, collocation has emerged as an important category of lexical and grammatical patterns, and it is fast becoming an established unit of description in language teaching courses and materials. The arbitrary nature of collocation is ideally suited to independent language learning and that teachers need to equip students with skills to enable them to develop their knowledge of collocations independently of the teacher. This paper also analyses lexical and grammatical collocation words found in Oscar Wilde’s “The Selfish Giant.” In particularly, words are related to the concepts of Building/Place and Emotions/Feelings.
ԿԱՆԵՓ ՏԵՍԱԿԻ ԲՈՒՅՍԻ ԵՎ ԴՐԱՆԻՑ ՍՏԱՑՎՈՂ ԹՄՐԱՄԻՋՈՑՆԵՐԻ ՀԱՄԵՄԱՏԱԿԱՆ ՀԵՏԱԶՈՏՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ՝ ՄԱՍՍ-ՍՊԵՏՐՈՄԵՏՐԻԱԿԱՆ ԵՎ ՌԵՆՏԳԵՆ-ՖԼՈՈՒՐԵՍՑԵՆՏԱՅԻՆ ՄԵԹՈԴՆԵՐԻ ԿԻՐԱՌՄԱՄԲ
Authors: Khachatryan M.V. , Eliazyan D.S. , Ghazaryan G.K
Published: January 2025

Հոդվածը վերաբերում է կանեփի բույսից ստացված թմրամիջոցների (մարիխուանա, հաշիշ) ապօրինի շրջանառության դեմ պայքարի արդի խնդրին։ Հոդվածում դիտարկվում են կանեփ տեսակի բույսի և դրանից ստացվող թմրամիջոցների (մարիխուանա, հաշիշ) համեմատական հետազոտության հնարավորությունները մասս-սպեկտրոմետրիական և ռենտգեն-ֆլոուրենսցենտային մեթոդների կիրառմամբ: Ստացված արդյունքները կարող են կիրառվել կանեփ տեսակի բույսից ստացվող թմրամիջոցների (մարիխուանա, հաշիշ) և կանեփ բույսի նախկինում մեկ ամբողջություն կամ միևնույն բույսից պատրաստված լինելու հարցերի պարզման նպատակով հետազոտությունների իրականացման դեպքում, ինչը շատ կարևոր է ՀՀ-ում թմրաշրջանառության դեմ պայքարի գործում միջոցներ ձեռնարկելու և համապատասխան գործողությունների մշակման գործընթացներում:
Բանալի բառեր. կանեփի բույս, մարիխուանա, տետրահիդրոկանաբինոլ, կանաբինոլ, կանաբիդիոլ, համեմատական հետազոտություն, մասս-սպեկտրոմետրիական հետազոտություն, ռենտգեն-ֆլոուրեսցենտային հետազոտություն:
Tranformasi Guru Profesional Penerapan Pendekatan Student Centered Learning (SCL)
Authors: Devanti Desilia , Muftiana Wifda , Mukmin
Published: January 2025

Saat ini, pendidikan menghadapi tuntutan yang semakin kompleks dan berkembang pesat. Karena itu, pendekatan pengajaran harus diubah. Student Centered Learning adalah pendekatan yang semakin populer, yang menekankan peran penting siswa dalam proses pembelajaran. Untuk menerapkan pendekatan ini, transformasi guru profesional sangat penting. Guru yang mengalami transformasi profesional dalam konteks Student Centered Learning harus beradaptasi dengan peran yang sangat berubah. Mereka bukan lagi hanya guru yang mengajar siswa, tetapi menjadi fasilitator pembelajaran yang mendorong siswa untuk memecahkan masalah, mengeksplorasi ide-ide, dan memahami konsep secara menyeluruh. Pendekatan Student Centered Learning menekankan kerja sama aktif antara guru dan siswa. Guru harus membuat lingkungan di mana siswa dapat berpartisipasi secara aktif dalam proses pembelajaran, membuat pertanyaan, membuat proyek, dan bekerja sama dengan sesama siswa. Siswa harus terlibat dalam pembelajaran mereka sendiri selama proses ini. Untuk memenuhi tuntutan pendidikan yang berkembang, guru harus berubah untuk menerapkan pendekatan belajar berpusat pada siswa (Student Centered Learning).
An Algorithm to Support the Scientific Manuscript Review Process with the Assistance of ChatGPT
Authors: Rashidov Aldeniz
Published: January 2025

In this work, an algorithm is proposed and analyzed to support the peer review process of scientific manuscripts with the assistance of ChatGPT. The study showed that the use of ChatGPT can significantly improve the efficiency and objectivity of the peer review process. The algorithm includes quantitative and qualitative evaluation steps, using weighting and SWOT analysis for better accuracy and depth of evaluation. The algorithm can be useful for scientific editors, reviewers, and authors who are looking for a way to increase the efficiency and objectivity of the peer review process and to obtain preliminary evaluation and feedback on their manuscripts. The proposed algorithm has the potential to transform traditional peer review methods, leading to a more efficient, objective, and detailed scientific manuscript evaluation process. Further research and refinement of the algorithm can improve its accuracy and adaptability, providing even greater value to the scientific community.
Innovative Model of Project-Based Teaching of High School Teachers: A Best Practice of ULSIT, Sofia
Authors: Nazarska Georgeta , Karakachanov Alexander , Garvanova Magdalena , Debruyne Nina
Published: January 2025

The article shares a best practice of the University of Library
Studies and Information Technologies, Sofia, related to the successful transfer of
new fundamental knowledge from science to secondary education. It consisted
of developing a new model of teaching of high school teachers, including the
preparation of content and teaching aids, its practical testing through a training
course and its evaluation. The article describes the design and analyzes the
results of the course, emphasizing the individual and institutional impacts such as
developing competencies and increasing the motivation of the learners. The newly
created model is characterized as innovative, project-based and interactive, and the
immediate effects of its testing and the possible long-term prospects for its future
use are commented on.
The Teacher Education Curriculum at Sofia University in the Context of the Development of Digital Competences
Authors: Delibaltova Vasya
Published: January 2025

The aim of the study is to analyze the curricula of majors that offer
teacher qualifications, from the perspective of their compliance and/or upgrading
of the state requirements for teacher training in Bulgaria in the context of the
problem of developing digital competence among students. This predetermines the
boundaries of the research questions from the number and type of plans to their
scope and content. The analysis of the content was carried out at Sofia University and
its results allow us to outline some specifics arising from the type of specialties and
faculties.
Evaluation of the Online Single Submission Service at the Investment and One-Stop Integrated Services Office in Bantaeng Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Adyati Dian , Ahmad Badu
Published: January 2025

This study evaluates the Online Single Submission (OSS) Service Innovation Program implemented by the Investment and One-Stop Integrated Services Office (DPMPTSP) in Bantaeng Regency, Indonesia. The OSS program aims to streamline business licensing processes and improve service accessibility through digitalization. Using the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) evaluation model, this research assesses the program's effectiveness across key dimensions. The findings reveal that while the OSS program has successfully simplified licensing procedures, its impact is limited by users' lack of digital literacy. The DPMPTSP demonstrates commitment to affordability and transparency, but challenges persist in infrastructure, outreach, and capacity building. The evaluation highlights the need for targeted digital literacy programs, user support, and staff training to optimize service quality. Recommendations include upgrading technology, enhancing information transparency, and conducting regular user satisfaction surveys. By addressing these areas, the DPMPTSP can elevate the OSS program's effectiveness, foster a conducive business environment, and promote economic growth in the region. This study contributes to the broader discourse on e-governance and service innovation in developing economies, offering insights for policymakers and practitioners seeking to enhance public service delivery through digital transformation.
Investigation of the Effect of Parents' Moral Maturity on Child Raising Styles
Authors: EROĞLU Musa
Published: January 2025

Throughout their lives, people live with the moral principles that come from their families. It takes a long time for them to realize this. The attitude of parents towards their children is directly effective in shaping the character traits of the child. In other words, the future of a person directly depends on his/her family. In this respect, the family, with its cognitive, emotional and social effects, is the most influential factor in the development of the child compared to most environmental factors. In this study, the effect of parents' moral maturity on their child-rearing styles is examined. Relational survey model, one of the methods based on quantitative research approaches, was used in the study. The sample of the study consisted of 258 parents reached through convenience sampling method. Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Spearman Correlation analysis and Regression analysis were used in data analysis. As a result of the analyzes, it was determined that there were statistically significant differences in all sub-dimensions of child rearing attitude except incompatibility according to gender, while there were no statistically significant differences in the moral maturity dimension according to gender. Moral maturity, child rearing attitude and all sub-dimensions differed statistically according to age and educational status. According to monthly income, there are statistically significant differences in moral maturity, child rearing attitude and all sub-dimensions except democratic attitude and equality recognition sub-dimension. There are statistically significant relationships between moral maturity and democratic attitude and recognizing equality, rejection of the role of housewife and strict discipline sub-dimensions. While there are positive relationships between moral maturity and democratic attitude and recognizing equality and strict discipline, there is a negative relationship between moral maturity and rejecting the role of housewife. Moral maturity significantly explains about 23 percent of the variance in the total score of child rearing attitude sub-dimensions.
Evaluating the Predictive Validity of Employee Engagement: A Meta-Analytic Comparison with Job Attitudes in Forecasting Employee Performance
Authors: Awasthi Arti , Khan Farhina Sardar , Ali Murad , Siddiqui Mohd Ariz , Kumar Anupam , Rayeen Mohd. Shahabuddin
Published: January 2025

The present research employs “meta-analytic estimates” to investigate if the “employee engagement (EE) construct” exhibits additional reliability in forecasting “employee performance”, which encompasses a wide range of behaviour related to performance, beyond “other job attitudes” including “job satisfaction”, “job involvement”, and “organizational commitment”. The data were obtained from 53 empirical studies conducted focusing on the correlation of the above-mentioned variables, which included a sample size of 4,421 individuals. The approximations obtained were integrated with previously published meta-analytic approximations concerning the association between “employee performance” and indicators of “job attitudes”, resulting in a meta-matrix that encompasses 1,082 distinct correlations. By utilizing the meta-matrix, it was found: (1) The additional reliability of “employee engagement” is low to moderate in comparison to “individual job attitudes”, and (2) The additional reliability of “employee engagement” is low in comparison to a “higher-order job attitude construct” that represents the amalgamation of “other job attitudes” in forecasting a “higher-order employee performance construct”. The findings indicate that due to the limited scope of prevalent “employee engagement” assessments, it may be more appropriate to view “employee engagement” as a more comprehensive “job attitude” measure that can efficiently forecast “employee performance”.
Survey of Memory Consolidation Techniques for Video Question Answering
Authors:   University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Couts Matthew , Nguyen Pha ,   University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Luu Khoa ,   University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Published: January 2025

Video Question Answering (VideoQA) is a field of research focused on developing models that can engage in natural conversations with humans about the content of videos. Currently, the most successful approaches involve analyzing videos frame-by-frame, which is computationally and memory-intensive. To imitate human memory, the Atkinson-Shiffrin memory model can formulate the machine’s video understanding capability through Vision-Language Models. Reducing the number of frames processed by the model is a crucial operation in this approach category and can be handled by a memory consolidation algorithm. The memory consolidation algorithm should be able to determine the keyframes to transfer from short-term to long-term memory. However, due to the complexity of events in videos, this approach may need to pay more attention to critical information by efficient and appropriate operations. This paper aims to compare video understanding capabilities by analyzing the memory consolidation algorithms. Specifically, we present experiments evaluating simple but effective memory consolidation operations on the ActivityNet-QA dataset to construct an optimal memory consolidation process.
Perfil de la fuerza muscular de aductores y abductores de cadera en jugadores profesionales de fútbol de la liga colombiana
Authors: Quiceno Christian , Alfonso Mantilla Jose Ivan , Samudio María Alejandra
Published: January 2025

Las lesiones musculares inguinales son tal vez las más complejas en el mundo de la medicina deportiva debido a su múltiple taxonomía, anatomía y diagnóstico. El objetivo del estudio es proporcionar un análisis descriptivo de la fuerza de aductores y abductores de cadera en jugadores profesionales de fútbol de la liga colombiana mediante la utilización del dispositivo ForceFrame. Metodología se realizó un estudio descriptivo en 31 jugadores de fútbol profesional masculino de primera división de Colombia donde se hizo la medición de la fuerza de aductores y abductores de cadera. Se definió como variable de medición la fuerza en newton y el porcentaje de asimetría. Resultados el aductor de cadera izquierda registro un valor promedio de fuerza de 425N±99, mínimo de 235N y máximo de 597N. El aductor de cadera derecho registro un valor promedio de fuerza de 425N ± 92N, mínimo de 268N, máximo de 614N con un valor de asimetría del 4% respectivamente. Adicionalmente, para el abductor de cadera izquierda se encontró un valor promedio de fuerza de 461N±80N, mínimo de 282N y máximo de 612N y el abductor de cadera derecha un valor promedio de fuerza de 478N± 75N, mínimo de 305N y máximo de 629N con un porcentaje de asimetría del 4%. Conclusión Se obtuvo un perfil inicial de la fuerza de aductores y abductores de cadera para futbolistas colombianos mostrando resultados y variables similares en deportistas internacionales logrando realizar comparaciones estadísticas específicas para su aplicación en el alto rendimiento deportivo.
Bridging Buddhism and Western Psychology: Exploring Eastern Philosophy in Modern Practice
Authors: Cai Xinna
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the integration of Buddhist principles, cultivated over 2,500 years for enhancing mental well-being and treating psychological issues, with Western psychology. It builds a bridge between Buddhist conceptssuch as emptiness (nyat), mindfulness, conation (cetan), and loving-kindness and compassionand contemporary psychotherapeutic practices. Although clinical interest has predominantly centered on mindfulness meditation, recent research into the clinical utility of Buddhist-derived interventions (BDIs) has increasingly incorporated these additional principles. The paper examines how Buddhist concepts mentioned above can enrich psychotherapeutic techniques and positive psychology, alleviate psychological suffering, and enhance therapeutic outcomes. By incorporating these Buddhist principles, the paper aims to present clear and precise interpretations of key Buddhist concepts, exploring their existing application within clinical psychology practices. It finds (i) psychodynamic therapy utilizes the concept of emptiness and the notion of non-self to assist clients in releasing rigid self, (ii) Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) integrates mindfulness techniques to help restructure maladaptive thought patterns, (iii) the Values in Action (VIA) Survey, grounded in Positive Psychology, incorporates conation to uncover individuals' intrinsic motivations, (iv) compassion-focused practices such as compassion meditation and loving-kindness meditation emphasize applying compassion and loving-kindness to enhance emotional regulation
Cultural Norms and Lesbian Marriage: A Feminist Study
Authors: Zhu Yining
Published: January 2025

This essay aims to explore the cultural norms that resist the legislation of lesbian marriage in China, examining the influence of traditional ideologies, social expectations, and cultural environment on the LGBTQ+, especially the lesbian community. In the passage, the reason for the formation of homosexual relationships will be discussed, followed by the impact of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism on shaping the social views against female-only marriage, which are generally recognized as the three most representative ideologies in China. The essay also describes and analyzes the traditional and contemporary expectations placed on women in Chinese society, highlighting how those expectations limit women's free will and abilities in a male-dominated society. A comparative analysis between Western and Eastern cultural developments regarding the legislation of homosexual relationships is illustrated in the last part of this essay, which shows how the inaction of Chinese women led to the lack of attention toward lesbian legislation from society
Global Knowledge Inequality from AI-driven Media: A Study Based on Knowledge Acquisition Dilemmas in Developing Countries
Authors: Dai Boxiao
Published: January 2025

In the era of rapid globalization and informatization, AI-driven media is profoundly transforming how information is disseminated. However, using AI algorithms in the media has introduced new disparities in knowledge access, especially impacting developing countries. To recognize these challenges, the paper aims to explore the global knowledge inequality in the age of AI-driven media: challenges for developing countries. The study focused on AI-driven media users in developing countries and adopted a qualitative analysis approach based on literature review. The article commences with a definition of AI-driven media and knowledge, examines the status of knowledge inequality under AI-driven media, and discloses the potential factors of knowledge inequality in developing countries under AI-driven media from three aspects: (1) capital control and AI technology monopoly in developed countries, (2) conflict between mainstream consciousness and social and cultural diversity, and (3) the impact of algorithms on individual self-awareness. This paper finds that AI-driven media often exacerbate existing inequalities of information and knowledge access in developing countries due to capital controls, cultural dominance, algorithmic bias, recommendations in developing countries, etc. Without key interventions, AI-driven media could further exacerbate the knowledge gap
The Impact of Family of Origin on Romantic Relationships: A Psychological Perspective
Authors: Zhou Zhiyan
Published: January 2025

This review examines the influence of diverse family of origin factors on adult romantic relationships, concentrating on critical elements such as attachment styles, communication patterns, conflict resolution, family cohesion, family structure, and self-differentiation and self-regulation formed by early family experiences. Existing research reveals that early family dynamics significantly affect individuals' behaviours, beliefs, and satisfaction in romantic relationships during adulthood. The paper consolidates empirical findings from multiple studies, accentuating the role of secure and insecure attachment styles in determining romantic relationship satisfaction. It also investigates how family functions, specifically communication patterns, conflict management, and family cohesion, influence relationship outcomes. Additionally, the review highlights the degrees of self-differentiation and self-regulation influence the quality of intimate relationships. Psychological frameworks including attachment theory, family systems theory, and social learning theory offer the primary perspectives for comprehending these influences. The review also recognises critical deficiencies in the literature, including the requirement for more longitudinal studies and cross-cultural social class and gender comparisons. Overall, Individuals who grow up in nurturing, positive family environments with good parent-child interactions tend to have higher quality and more satisfying romantic relationships in adulthood. Studying on the impact of family of origin on romantic relationships can assist society in resolving family emotional conflicts and fostering harmony, it can likewise enrich the theoretical framework of family and emotional-related research in the academic field.
A Comparative Study of Malay/Chinese and Malay/Indian Ethnic Conflicts and Relations in Malaysia's Multi-Ethnic Society
Authors: Wang Lin , Ma Tengyue
Published: January 2025

Since Malaysia's independence, the relationship between the Malay and Chinese ethnic groups (Malay/Chinese) and the relationship between the Malay and Indian ethnic groups (Malay/Indian) have been two of the most significant political issues in the country. While both belong to the category of indigenous groups and immigrant relations in Malaysia, there are fundamental differences between these two relationships. This paper argues that the Malay/Chinese relationship is a long-standing ethnic conflict caused by social class disputes, characterized by economic disparities, cultural clashes, and structural factors such as colonial history. In contrast, the Malay/Indian relationship is primarily a short-term regional conflict triggered by unexpected events. The ethnic stratification in the Malay/Chinese relationship, formed on the basis of economic differences, has become a structural condition, and the historical friction since the British and Japanese colonial periods has further exacerbated the situation. For Malaysia to build a truly equal and mutually respectful multicultural society, many areas still require significant efforts.
Research on the Relationship Between College Students' Use of Social Networking Sites, Perceived Social Support, and Core Self-Evaluation
Authors: Zhang Jinfang
Published: January 2025

The rapid development of the internet has led to the rise of social networking sites, which have impacted the psychological health and social adaptation of college students. Existing research shows that the intensity and patterns of social networking site use are closely related to adolescents' core self-evaluations, with perceived social support playing a mediating role in this relationship. This study, based on a questionnaire survey of 231 college students with an average age of 19.5, reveals the intrinsic connection between social networking site use and core self-evaluations. The findings indicate that the intensity and pattern of use significantly affect self-evaluations, and perceived social support partially mediates this relationship.