bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Statistical trends of vocational education and graduate employment in modern Georgia
Authors:   Grigol Robakidze University, Gelashvili Simon , Danelia Mariam
Published: September 2023

The presented work discusses the state of vocational education and identifies existing problems in Georgia. The main goal of the research is the statistical analysis and assessment of the current situation in the professional education system and its relationship with the labor market. The object of the research is professional educational institutions operating in Georgia. The subject of the research is the statistics of the activity of professional educational institutions and the trends of integration of graduates in the labor market. Many statistical methods are used in the research process, such as: selective observation, data grouping and presentation, relative, average and variation, correlation analysis methods. Through a specially developed questionnaire, in electronic form, the representatives of educational institutions were interviewed and the information needed for in-depth analysis was obtained. As a result of the research, trends in the number and gender-age structure of students enrolled in professional educational institutions, valid professional programs, employment of graduates, composition of teachers and gender-age structure were revealed. Also, the forms and problems of connection between the business sector and professional educational institutions were determined. It should be noted that both sides are willing to cooperate, but there are still some challenges in this direction, the consideration of which will have a positive effect on reducing the demand-supply imbalance of graduates of professional educational institutions in the labor market. Also, the number of professional programs that train specialists is still small and it is necessary to expand them taking into account the needs of the labor market. Keywords: professional education, number of students, trend, business sector, employment of graduates.
Georgian Consumers’ Attitude towards Product Placement
Authors:   Grigol Robakidze University, Todua Nugzar , Robakidze Giorgi
Published: September 2023

The article explores the role of product (brand) placement in modern business. The primary factors analyzed in the study include the acceptance of product placement, brand awareness, attitudes toward brand, and purchase intention. By conducting marketing research, the study identifies the opinions of respondents concerning traditional advertising and product placement. Through regression analysis, the study determines statistically significant values that demonstrate the connection between the acceptance of placed brands and brand awareness, as well as the impact of these variables on brand attitude. Additionally, the article establishes how the attitudes of Georgian consumers toward brand influence their purchase intentions. Keywords: Product placement, consumer behavior, marketing research.
Advantages and competitive strategies of Georgian container shipping in a confrontational environment
Authors:   Grigol Robakidze University, Gechbaia Badri , Tsilosani Amiran
Published: September 2023

The paper substantiates the advantages of container shipping as a one of the most adapted methods of international shipping: cargo one-time loading and transportation to the destination; time saving during multimodal shipments; a fewer risks of cargo damage; cargo protection from negative impacting factors, such as atmospheric events and confrontations; Easy customs control procedures and more. The study evaluates the competition of container shipping in the shipping market. The global index of container shipping is analyzed and discussed the prices of container usage. Through the dynamic analysis of prices is determined the impact of container shipping prices on the product price. The article represents conclusions about the challenges of container transportation in Georgia and provides recommendations for developing and changing competitive strategies in the confrontational environment. Keywords: container shipping, container shipping advantages, competition strategies, container freight prices.
Impact of Confrontation on Agro-Food Production: Uncertainties and Expectations
Authors:   Grigol Robakidze University, Kharaishvili Eter
Published: September 2023

The paper assesses confrontation as one of the main challenges of modernity affecting social relations, economic development, food security, political activities and other issues. Determining ways to reduce the negative impact of confrontation is considered an important condition for achieving the goals of sustainable development of agro-food production and food security. The article discusses the types of confrontation, analyzes the opinions of scientists, and substantiates that the shocks caused by the confrontation have a direct and indirect effect on production. Food security at the global level is assessed according to the levels of phases (IPC/CH), the number of people in food crisis is analyzed according to the causes of the crisis. It was revealed that the crisis caused by the conflict affects the majority of the population. In order to evaluate the impact of the war between Russia and Ukraine on agro-food production, the indicators of the production of several basic food products in Russia and Ukraine were studied and conclusions were drawn on the trends formed during the conflict. The article analyzes the indicators of the production of basic food products in Ukraine and Russia, their share in the global food production is estimated. Also, the export volume of basic food products from these countries is given and their share in the global food export volume is determined. The paper presents the export of agro-food products from Georgia to Ukraine and Russia, as well as the import of agro-food products from Ukraine and Russia to Georgia. The conclusion is made that the export-import indicators with Ukraine have decreased, while with Russia the mentioned indicators have increased. The paper provides conclusions on the consequences of the negative impact of the confrontation on agricultural production, recommendations on ways to overcome uncertainty caused by conflicts and define expectations are developed. Keywords: Confrontation, agro-food production, direct and indirect impact, uncertainty, expectation.
Cycles and Fractals in The Macro-Eco Nomic System of Georgia
Authors:   Grigol Robakidze University, Phrangishvili Archil , Obradze Tamaz , Gavtadze George , Shevardenidze Maia
Published: September 2023

The present concepts of economic cycles and phases of evolution are studied in the work. A critical analysis of the existing literature is carried out, on the basis of which a new concept of the study of cycles is proposed, which is based on the fractal analysis of the time series of the relevant macro-economic indicators and the determination of their persistence according to the value of the Hurst indicators. An algorithm for fractal analysis of time series of macro-economic indicators and a corresponding program have been compiled, based on the computer package Mathcad. Through the developed program, indicators of the fractal structure were calculated for the macro-economic indicators of Georgia, and the structural analysis of the corresponding cycles was carried out, on the basis of which we can conclude that the time series of the macro-economic indicators of Georgia are persistent, with a sustainable trend. This means that if there are no socio-political fluctuations and debt increases, the economic system of Georgia has the potential for further growth. Keywords: economic cycle, fractal analysis.
Making decisions in economic policy reflecting expected global changes
Authors:   Grigol Robakidze University, Gvelesiani Revaz , Gogorishvili Irine
Published: September 2023

The preparation of informed decisions in economic policy depends on: • to what extent the possibilities of action and its consequences are provided empirically, i.e. how rational is the available and acceptable knowledge about management; and • To what extent the problem of making a decision lends itself to an analytical explanation (depending on the logic of the decision). As a rule, knowledge of managerial practice is the more limited the less the recommended actions take into account or refrain from previous work (ie, the more they are removed from theoretical economic experience). Analytical access to the decision problem is complicated by the difficulty of implementing well-understood actions. The assessment of the status and scale of the decision problem in economic policy depends on how the proposed actions, the proposed changes and the development of the situation in society are understood and comprehended. Keywords: economic order, core values, Critical and constructive rationalism, global change in society and economy, evaluation problem, decision making.
New developments in the global world: challenges and opportunities for Georgia
Authors:   Grigol Robakidze University, Veshapidze Shota
Published: September 2023

The main purpose of this article is to analyze the features of the current reality of globalization, to identify the created opportunities and threats, and to reveal the ways to overcome it. The object of research is the current economic and political processes in the world, as well as, especially, geopolitical issues and the Ukrainian crisis. The work is based on the analysis of various fundamental literature, synthesis, specific statistical data, components of globalization index. The work draws conclusions using the cause-and-effect relationship of facts. Based on the trend of strengthening the multipolar world order, important conclusions and recommendations are presented about the possibilities and threats caused by the modern new reality of globalization, and taking advantage of it. The new, modern trend of strengthening the multipolar world order not only brings visible positive results, also creates acute problems of protecting national priorities within the framework of international cooperation. Ensuring the country's security is significantly influenced by the growth of interdependence between the subjects of international relations, new events in the global world, the increased openness of the economy of the world’s most countries, the development of joint programs to solve contemporary, important problems. Keywords: sources of globalization, modern tendency of strengthen the multipolar world order, globalists, anti-globalists.
The Main Challenges of the Georgian Economy Under Confrontational Globalization
Authors:   Grigol Robakidze University, Papava Vladimir
Published: September 2023

The paper discusses the process of pseudo-deglobalization, the basis of which was laid by the COVID-19 pandemic. The idea is being developed that deglobalization is impossible in principle. The paper shows how hyperglobalization was replaced by rapid globalization during the COVID-19 pandemic. The latter has turned into confrontational globalization as a result of Russia’s war in Ukraine and the economic sanctions imposed by the West on Russia. The pandemic and the war brought to the fore the problem of economic security, on the basis of which the paper develops the opinion that globalization in the future will be formed taking into account economic security. The challenges of the Georgian economy are directly related to global economic threats. The most important challenge for the Georgian economy is the “Middle Corridor” project, which provides a real opportunity to turn the transport corridor passing through Georgia into an economic corridor. Keywords: pseudo-deglobalization, hyperglobalization, turbulent globalization, confrontational globalization, economic corridor.
Globalization and economic security
Authors:   Grigol Robakidze University, Kvaratskhelia Murman
Published: September 2023

Globalization has become an irreversible process of humanity. As a result of its negative effects, sovereign states may face certain problems. In this case, they will face some negative challenges in terms of economic security. Because of this, the degree of economic interrelationship and interdependence between states, which globalization offers, is being defined in a completely new way. In this case, the main task of the states remains to eliminate such threats as political, ecological, scientific-technical, military and others. However, the importance of economic security is increasing in conditions of globalization. Therefore, it is necessary to unite the efforts of the capabilities of the national economies of the states in order to ensure the protection of national interests in terms of protecting one's own potential in the world and national economic space. This will create solid conditions for creating an innovative economy, which can become a guide for the future of sovereign states. Keywords: globalization, economic security, national interests.
Predicción de la vía aérea difícil mediante las escalas Mallampati y Cormack-Lehane durante anestesia general en cirugías de emergencia.
Authors: Largo-Cali Michael David , Carrera-Reyes Rosa Eulalia
Published: September 2023

Introducción: La planificación preanestesia permite conocer el riesgo de complicaciones asociadas al procedimiento quirúrgico de cada paciente por lo que la necesidad de la evaluación anestésica mediante la utilización de predictores de la vía aérea difícil es indispensable para evitar complicaciones potencialmente mortales.

Metodología: Se trata de un estudio de revisión bibliográfica de tipo narrativa tomada de la base de datos científicas, como Scielo, Pub Med, Biblioteca Cochrane, y Science Direct, parte de la estrategia PRISMA, sobre la predicción de la vía aérea difícil mediante las escalas Cormack – Lehane y Mallampati durante anestesia general en cirugías de emergencia.

Resultados: Mallampati tiene una sensibilidad del 62,5% y una especificidad de 78,8%; el valor predictivo positivo de intubación 7,9% y el negativo de 98,6%, mientras que la escala de Cormack – Lehane reporto sensibilidad 62,5% y especificidad del 50%, valor predictivo positivo de intubación 12% y predictivo negativo 96,7%. Por tanto, son útiles en la estimación de la vía aérea difícil, por disminuir los riesgos asociadas a la ventilación.

Conclusiones: Las escalas predictivas de vía área tiene una sensibilidad y especificidad variable, pero ayudan a disminuir las complicaciones de su manejo y para tener mejor valor predictivo se debe asociar a variables como obesidad, cuello corto, distancia tiromentoniana entre otros.
Agudeza Visual Post Queratoplastía Penetrante
Authors: Coy Rodríguez María Fernanda
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCCIÓN: La córnea es una capa protectora transparente notablemente resistente, a través de la cual pasan los rayos de luz a la retina. Las opacidades corneales son causa de ceguera reversible. La Queratoplastia penetrante se refiere al reemplazo quirúrgico de espesor completo de una córnea huésped con la de un ojo donante y contribuye de manera importante a ofrecer un adecuado nivel de recuperación visual y en ocasiones es la única alternativa para la recuperación visual. OBJETIVOS: Describir la agudeza visual post queratoplastia penetrante de los pacientes adultos intervenidos en la Unidad Nacional de Oftalmología durante los años 2015-2016. MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo, transversal. Revision de expedientes. RESULTADOS: 70% sexo masculino, con media de edad de 32.4 años con una desviación estandar de 22.2, predominó el grupo de jóvenes entre 13-25 años, el 47% tenía queratocono, 65% presentó mejoría del al menos una línea de agudeza visual, 26% no tuvo mejoría, 9% empeoró. El 100% fue indicacion óptica, 35% presentó rechazo del botón corneal, principalmente en los primeros 3 meses postoperatorios, pero no se pudo comprobar la causa. CONCLUSIONES: La mayoría de pacientes mejoraron al menos una línea de visión al año de procedimiento.
Impacto de las restricciones de COVID-19 en el tamizaje de Retinopatía del Prematuro (ROP) en Guatemala
Authors: Coy Rodríguez María Fernanda , Asturias Ana Lucía , Barnoya Joaquín
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCCIÓN: La Retinopatía del Prematuro (ROP por su siglas en inglés) es un trastorno retiniano vasoproliferativo de bebés prematuros. Debido a la pandemia del Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) el tamizaje de ROP disminuyó mundialmente. OBJETIVOS: Comparar el porcentaje de tamizajes de ROP durante 4 meses antes y durante COVID-19. MÉTODOS: Recolectamos información de prematuros y tamizaje de ROP de abril a julio en 2019 y 2020. Se incluyeron cuatro hospitales nacionales, dos a cargo de un oftalmólogo (Hospital A y B) y dos por telemedicina (Hospital C y D) para tamizaje. RESULTADOS: En 2019 se tamizó un total de 153 prematuros y 111 durante 2020, con una disminución del 27 %. También disminuyó el número de prematuros que cumplieron con los criterios de tamizaje (44%). Los hospitales con oftalmólogo tuvieron la mayor disminución del 9% en el hospital B y 20% en el hospital A en comparación con 2019. En comparación con los evaluados por un oftalmólogo, aquellos que usaron telemedicina aumentaron la detección en el hospital C (4%) y el hospital D (16%) en comparación con 2019. CONCLUSIÓN: COVID-19 disminuyó la detección de ROP en los hospitales de Guatemala de abril a julio de 2020 en comparación con 2019.
Identification and antibiotics Sensitivity of Secondary Bacterial Infection in COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) Pneumonia patients in Kirkuk/Iraq
Authors: Mohammed Sunober Abdalsamad , Tawfeeq Asal Aziz , Noraldin Muhammad Yawoz
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
The unusual virus, now known as Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), spread fast throughout China and other regions of the world due to its remarkable ability for human-to-human transmission. Patients with COVID-19 commonly experience significant morbidity and mortality from subsequent bacterial infections.
Aim: To determine the incidence of typical bacterial infections in COVID-19 pneumonia, including Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aerogenusa, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. Hundred sputum samples were taken from individuals who had been identified as having the developing Coronavirus and were dwelling in intensive care units in Hospitals (Al Shifa hospital) in Kirkuk city/Iraq. The BDph Phoenix m50 procedure was used to test the antibiotic sensitivity of samples collected on various culture mediums, then transferred to pure cultures and diagnosed. The total of 100 patients, 60% of them had a secondary bacterial infection, whereas 40% of them did not. The most common isolated species was Staphylococcus aureus identification at (40%) followed by K. pneumoniae (33%), Pseud. aeruginosa (22%), and E. coli (5%). The majority of the identified strains were resistant to the study's antibiotics. This study demonstrates that SARS-CoV-2 infected critically sick individuals had a very high frequency of subsequent bacterial infection. The pathogenic bacteria that were identified for this investigation were resistant to the majority of the antibiotics that were utilized.
Assessment the Ag and ZnO Biosynthesized Nanoparticles effects on Giardia lamblia trophozoites which grown in HSP-1 culture media
Authors: Attiah Baidaa Hamad , Obaid Hiro Mohammed , AL-Salihi Siham Sh.
Published: September 2023

Chemotherapy with drugs such as Metronidazole (MTZ) derivative products is currently the preferred treatment for giardiasis. However, these agents have been linked to a variety of negative side effects, varying from nausea to probable geno toxicity. Aim of this study to conduct an in vitro study on the efficiency of silver (Ag) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) biosynthesized by green ecofriendly method using Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli against Giardia trophozoites. Methods Silver and Zinc oxide NPs formation was confirmed based on ability of selected bacteria to biosynthesized these NPs. The particle size arranges of (29.5 nm) for Ag P. aeruginosa and (32 nm) for Ag E. coli. Particle size of ZnO for P. aeruginosa was (25 nm) and (29.7nm) for E. coli. Giardia trophozoites cultivated on HSP-1 media were subjected to different concentration of biosynthesized NPs at (0.025, 0.050, 0.075 mg/ml) for (24, 48, 72 hrs.). Significant reduction (P<0.05) in trophozoite number was recorded by the two groups of Ag and ZnO nanoparticles for both bacteria and was 91% for Ag NPs for both E. coli and P. aeruginosa and 73% for ZnO for both bacteria at concentration of 0.075mg/ml after 72 hrs. Morphological difference appeared as destructive with the release of the cytoplasm outside. The cytotoxic effects of Ag and ZnO NPs on Giardia lamblia trophozoite exceeded that of metronidazole, these particles can be recommended for use, especially at higher concentrations that lead to total death rates.
Evaluation of direct microscopy and culture method for detection of Trichomonas vaginalis in vaginal discharge and urine samples
Authors: Abdulhameed Salh Blesa , Mohammed Obaid Hiro , Ali Shafiq Najdat
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Trichomoniasis has emerged as the most common sexually transmitted disease, and limited data is available on the effective screening technique for the diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis). This study aimed to compare the ability of two culture media (InPouch TV and Diamond's) to support the growth of clinical isolates of Trichomonas vaginalis and their relative sensitivity for detection of the organism. A total of 343 patients complaining of vaginal discharge of 293 women and urine sample of 50 men were included in the study. From December 2021 to May 2022, from Azadi Teaching Hospital, Private clinics, and Midwifery and Childbearing Hospital in Kirkuk. Three vaginal swabs and a urine sample were screened for trichomoniasis by wet mount microscopy. Diamond Media Culture and Pouch TV were used. The 343 cases studied, 6 women and 1 man were positive by wet mount microscopy, which means 7 (2%) and 336 (98%) were negative. Sterile vaginal swab with centrifugation and urine samples had the highest rate of specificity (85%) to detect TV compared to vaginal swab without centrifugation and Amies Gel Transport Media (AGT) media, which had a lower sensitivity (33% and 16%), respectively. Inpouch TV media was the best culture to grow TV and remained for 10 days, but Local Diamond Modified Media (LDMM) had a poor result for growth of trichomonas vaginalis and only remained alive for 2 days. According to our experiment, the most successful routes of detection are urine and vaginal swab with centrifugation, and Inpouch TV is the unique culture for growth and better than LDMM.
Study the Effect of Biofilm Production on Antibiotic Resistance in Proteus mirabilis Isolated from Clinical Samples in Kirkuk City
Authors: Aziz Flamerz Roshna , Sh. Obid Siham , M.  Jasim Wafaa
Published: September 2023

Proteus mirabilis is one of the most infectious organisms that inhabits the environment and causes a various infections involving those of the skin, respiratory tract, wounds and urinary tract. One of the main virulence features in P. mirabilis that plays a role in the pathogenesis and antibiotic resistance is the ability to form biofilm. The aim of study was to determine the relation between the antibiotic resistance and the biofilm formation by P. mirabilis. A total of (205) samples were collected from different clinical samples (urine, wound and burn swabs) in Kirkuk city hospitals. (32) Isolates were identified as P. mirabilis. Eight antibiotic discs were used for the antibiotic sensitivity test by disc diffusion method. Also, a micro titter plate method used for the detection of biofilm. The results of the antibiotic sensitivity showed variation in the rates of antibiotic resistance, doxycycline 29(90.6%), Trimethoprim- sulfamethaxole 27(84.37%), Ampicillin 22(68.75%) and amoxicillin/clavulanic 21(65.62%) resistance were found in the majority of the isolates. Gentamicin and cefotaxim (37.5%, 40.6%) respectively were moderate resistance, while Imipenem and Ciprofloxacin have low resistance and consider the most effective medication against P. mirabilis. The results showed 8 (25%) of P. mirabilis strong biofilm producer, 13 (41.6%) moderate biofilm producer, 8 (25%) weak biofilm producer and 3 (9.37%) non-biofilm producer. The study concluded that there is a link among biofilm production and antibiotic resistance.
Hematological Change in Type II Diabetic Mellitus (TIIDM) patient Infected with intestinal parasites in Kirkuk/Iraq
Authors: Omer Ahmed Abeer , Abbas Ali Abeer , Mardan Hayder Jaleel
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
 Type II Diabetic Mellitus (TIIDM) is a group of metabolic syndrome described by decline sensitivity of target organs to insulin and confirm or relative insufficiency of insulin excretion followed by electrolytes, water, protein, fat and other metabolic disorders, these defect result in diabetic patient to be susceptible to infect with intestinal parasites. The current study is conducted on 106 Iraqi participants,(67 with TIIDM patients and infected with parasite and 39 TIIDM without parasitic infection as control),aged (25 – 75) years, whom diagnosed by Consultant physician, according to the clinical signs and laboratory diagnosis HbA1c and hematological test (WBC, NEU, LYM, Hb ), during the period between November 2021 to  March 2022. The practical part conducted at Kirkuk city in laboratories of Azadi Teaching Hospital (ATH). Two ml of blood sample were taken by intravenous injection and put in sterile tubes that contain anticoagulant EDTA and performed the following tests: HbA1c, Complete  Blood Count (CBC).  One hundred and six (106) participates (67 diabetic patients infected with parasite and 39 diabetic patients without parasitic infection (control) after the laboratory6 diagnosis, the result was: the ratio of white blood cell (WBC) and lymphocyte (LYM) increased, but depletion occurred in the ratio of Hb in TIIDM patient infected with parasite. This study proved that Blastocystis hominis is the most common type of parasite that has an effect on type II diabetic patients that affect hematological parameters, and Schistosoma mansoni has the least effect.
Hematological changes in IBS patients with intestinal parasites
Authors: Mahmood Sultan Noor , Abbas  Ali Abeer , Jaleel  Mardan Hayder
Published: September 2023

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) was a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder with an estimated prevalence of 10% around the globe. (IBS) is a common characterized by recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort associated with altered bowel habit. Humans and animals gut contain intestinal parasites live in, and the intestinal wall is preferred for most of these parasites. Human intestine contaminated by many parasites, the most common of them are  intestinal worms, Giardia, blastocyst and others. Method: The current study was conducted on 76 Iraqi participants suffering from Irritable Bowel Syndrome, and the diagnosis is made by the consultant physician, according to clinical signs and laboratory diagnosis (blood test (WBC, NEU, LYM, Hb), during the period from November 2021 to March 2022. Blood The sample (2 ml) was drawn intravenously with a sterile injection and then emptied in a plastic tubes containing EDTA anticoagulant and a complete blood count(CBC) test was performed. A stool sample was taken and examined under a microscope to see if the sample contained parasites or not. Result: We have noticed the presence of different types of parasites in 54 samples with irritable bowel syndrome, the most prominent of them Blastocyst hominis and Entamoeba histolytica and 22 samples that do not contain parasites, after the laboratory diagnosis , the result was that: the ratio of white blood cell (WBC) and lymphocyte (LYM) increased, but decrease occurred in the ratio of Hb for the IBS patient infected with parasite. Conclusion: This study proved that the highest rate of parasite infection was for Blastocystis hominis and the lowest percentage for Teania saginata  which also affects the  hematological parameters in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.
AN ECOLOGICAL STUDY ON A NOXIOUS WEED, PARTHENIUM HYSTEROPHORUS L AND ITS MANAGEMENT IN MALAYSIA IN 2015
Authors:   Hextar R&D International Sdn Bhd, NG KWANG YEW
Published: September 2023

Parthenium hysterophorus L., commonly known as Parthenium weed is an invasive weed and was first reported in Malaysia in 2013. This alien weed is now found in many parts of the country but it has not been recorded in Kelantan, Terengganu and Pahang in Peninsular Malaysia and Sarawak in East Malaysia. The plant also produces chemical compounds of Parthenin and other phenolic acids in all parts of the plant, including hair-like structure (trichomes) on the stems and leaves and pollens, that are highly toxic to human and animals. In tropical Malaysia, the natural vegetation grows well and has been observed to suppress and contained the spread of Parthenium weed. Several species of grasses, broadleaved plants and sedges are able to co-exist with Parthenium weed. Human activities viz. urban development, agriculture, over-grazing, etc., create a conducive environment for Parthenium to establish. Weed management involves the following measures: i) import regulation, ii) legislation, iii) early detection and eradication, iv) manual weeding, and v) chemical control. Common salt and several herbicides have been found to give effective control. The overall status of Parthenium weed is discussed and recommendations are given to deal with its infestation and eradication. Keywords: Parthenium hysterophorus, invasive weed, toxic weed, weed management, control and eradication
APPLICATION OF MAS INTO OIL PALM CROP IMPROVEMENT
Authors:   Felda Global Ventures Research & Development Sdn Bhd, KWAN YEN-YEN , SYED ALWEE SHARIFAH SHAHRUL RABIAH
Published: September 2023

Conventional oil palm breeding is a lengthy process as it requires 10-19 years for a generational improvement. Advancement in sequencing technologies and availability of oil palm genome sequence has intensified the identification of trait markers for crop improvement of the oil palm. Currently, markers for three traits have been identified in oil palm; fruit form, fruit colour and mantling. Application of these markers into marker-assisted selection in oil palm improvement programmes allows early selection process in the nursery and improved breeding efficiency. Keywords: Oil palm, marker-assisted selection.
THE STATUS OF TWO SPECIES OF SUBTERRANEAN TERMITES, COPTOTERMES CURVIGNATHUS AND COPTOTERMES SEPANGENSIS IN OIL PALM
Authors:   PT Musim Mas, CHEONG YEW LOONG , CAHYO PRASTYO KRISNA , SAW ENG KEONG , OOI LING HOAK
Published: September 2023

An investigation was carried out to determine whether the subterranean termite, Coptotermes sepangensis is a pest of oil palm planted on organic soil. Termites found on the standing oil palm were collected, preserved in 70 per cent alcohol and identified to their species. These palms were observed for 12 months and then felled to check for the presence of termites and damage caused by them. It was confirmed that C. sepangensis was not a pest of oil palm. Its close relative, C. curvignathus, was confirmed infesting living palms, building nests and causing hollows in the trunk of oil palm. Keywords: Subterranean termite, Coptotermes sepangensis, Coptotermes curvignathus
Utilization of Information and Communication Technology in Performance Management: For a Better Organization
Authors: Kawiana I Gede Putu
Published: September 2023

Rapid developments in ICT have provided new opportunities for organizations to improve operational efficiency, communication and human resource management. However, the concrete impact of ICT implementation on performance management still requires more in-depth research. This study aims to investigate how the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can influence and improve performance management in an organizational context. This research will use a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. This study underscores the importance of performance management in achieving organizational goals. By linking strategic planning and tactical execution, ensuring administrative efficiency, managing human resources well, and encouraging individual development, performance management becomes an important foundation for company growth and success. The use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in this process strengthens effectiveness by simplifying performance reviews, providing more targeted feedback, and creating a fair and personalized environment. In today's dynamic era, the combination of strong performance management and ICT utilization provides the necessary tools for organizations to adapt, develop and achieve competitive advantage.
Happiness Management: Theoretical, Practical and Impact
Authors: Firmansyah Deri , Wahdiniwaty Rahma
Published: September 2023

The importance of happiness management is getting attention from the organization's HR because it relates to employee needs and motivations that are not only on financial operations but focus on overall employee welfare. This literature review aims to present the concept of happiness, happiness management practices in the workplace and the effects of happiness in life on activities and conditions relevant to the organization. Research findings, a positive and healthy organization can affect the happiness of its personnel. Companies must create a positive working atmosphere for employee satisfaction, Communication and collaboration, openness is needed which must support thinking, creativity and innovation, increase engagement and emotional work, and foster valuable social relationships. The meaning and purpose of life at work, considering it important to prioritize ethics, beliefs, and values, spiritually that true happiness is about being grateful for blessings and blessings, is also very likely to be associated with certain achievements and successes that are relative among human beings.
Analisis Kualitas Software Electronic Traffic Law Enforcement di Ditlantas Polda Jawa Timur Menggunakan Teori McCall
Authors: Agustino Jonathan Fajar , Khuntari Diana
Published: September 2023

As technology develops, humans are required to be smarter in their activities, doing works, and dealing with various existing problems. Technology is also increasingly being used as a tool to support success in various fields, including government. The government applies technology in regional governance to create a smart city. The government has developed several things that used to be conventional to become electronic-based, one of which is the ticketing system. Limitations on convention tickets as well as the large number of motorized vehicle users and traffic violations in Surabaya finally made the Surabaya Police work together with the Surabaya Transportation Agency (Dishub) to trigger the Electronic Traffic Law Enforcement system or Electronic Ticketing, commonly known as E-TLE. One of the success factors of the system is the quality of the system itself. This study aims to analyze the E-TLE software implemented in Surabaya to determine the quality of the software. The approach used to carry out the analysis is the theory of software quality according to McCall. The research method used in this research is qualitative research by collecting data using interviews, observation, and classification. The source of this research is the operator as well as designing the E-TLE software. The results show that the quality of the E-TLE software has good scores in the aspects of correctness, reliability, efficiency (data search and memory usage), integrity, usability, maintainability, flexibility, portability, reusability, and interoperability. However, there are slight deficiencies in the usability aspect (there is no integration between agencies) and lack of testability. To improve the quality of E-TLE, it is necessary to optimize page loading, add features for integration between agencies, and test to determine software grade.
Penerapan Color Grading dalam Proses Editing Program Dokumenter “Doctive Persona”
Authors: Putra Fredy Andiyanto , Marwiyati Marwiyati
Published: September 2023

The development of digital television technology was also followed by the rapid growth of audio-visual media including YouTube, Netflix, Instagram, Tiktok and many other digital platforms. Programs that present information and entertainment include documentaries. The author produces a documentary biography of an artist engaged in puppets or dolls. One of the things that can improve video in editing is color grading. When observing documentary works, there are several works that ignore the application of color grading resulting in color jumping. The purpose of creating this production work is to apply color grading techniques using basic correction, color wheels and HSL Secondary. The results of the analysis show that basic correction techniques are used to maintain white balance, exposure, contrast, highlights, shadows, blacks, and saturation in images so that they have balance and continuity between images. Furthermore, the application of color wheels is applied to create the mood or atmosphere that the story wants to build so that it can add dramatic and aesthetic elements to the documentary. Then HSL Secondary is applied using a circle of color elements and a luma slider so that the skin tone or skin tone of the sources and talents looks more real and comfortable for the audience to see.
Analysis of 5G Network Performance in Line-of-Sight Conditions Using 3.3 GHz Frequency at Sawahan, Surabaya
Authors: Larasati Solichah Larasati , Khoirun Ni'amah  , Zein Hanni Pradana
Published: September 2023

This research is expected to be the beginning of the initial design for the implementation of 5G technology in Indonesia especially in Area Sawahan, Surabaya based on the coverage area with the frequency of 3.3 GHz. Performance analysis with line-of-sight (LOS) conditions using propagation model urban macro (uMa) according to the recommendation of 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) TR 38.901. This research based on four scenarios,  outdoor-to-outdoor (O2O) for downlink and uplink, and outdoor-to-indoor (O2I) scenario for uplink and downlink. Performance of 5G network simulated using Atoll 3.4 and shown the pathloss values ​​of 105.405 dB for uplink and 101.405 dB for downlink. The performance results in the O2O scenario for the uplink direction require 5 gNodeB and 8 gNodeB in the downlink direction. In the O2I scenario, the uplink direction requires as many as 6 gNodeB and the downlink direction as much as 9 gNodeB. The simulation parameters analyzed in this research are based on the signal strength received by the user (SS-RSRP) and signal quality (SS-SINR). The best result of SS-RSRP in the O2I uplink scenario is -89 dBm and the SS-SINR parameter in the O2O scenario is 0.93 dBm. These results show that in the city of Sawahan a 5G system can be applied.
Clustering Area Covid-19 Indonesia With K-Means (Case study : Kaggle Dataset)
Authors: Mulyani Heti , Setiawan Ricak Agus , Musawarman  , Romadloni Annisa
Published: September 2023

The spread of the coronavirus in Indonesia is quite fast. The spread of Covid 19 is almost evenly distributed in all provinces in Indonesia. Some areas even have a fairly high mortality rate. Therefore, it is necessary to group regions to find out which areas have the highest to lowest Covid cases so that the appropriate response process can be carried out. In addition, data visualization is also needed that provides information on COVID-19 data for each province. In this study, the data were grouped using the K-Means Clustering method. The dataset used is the Indonesian Covid-19 dataset from Kaggle. The criteria for each province's covid cluster are the number of cases and deaths. The Clustering process uses the Python programming language. From the results of this study, it can be seen that there are 3 groups of covid. The first group consists of 30 provinces with several cases below 200,000 and a number of deaths below 6000. The second group contains two provinces that have the highest number of cases, namely above 600,000, but the number of deaths is less than group 3, which is 15000. In group 3 there are 2 provinces where the number of cases is below 500,000 but the death rate is above 30,000.
Time Series Analysis for Customs Revenue Prediction using Arima Model in Python
Authors: Muslim Hafizh Adam
Published: September 2023

The Directorate General of Customs and Excise (DJBC) serves as a revenue collector in the field of customs and excise. This revenue plays an essential role in supporting infrastructure development. Predictions are needed to plan a good State Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBN). Predictions serve as a tool for revenue optimization and control. However, forecasting is problematic because unpredictable external factors also influence these receipts. A logical and accountable approach is needed to predict acceptance to overcome this problem. The prediction method used is Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA). According to the computations, the Root Mean Square Percentage Error (RMSPE) value is less than 10%, indicating that the ARIMA model estimation is excellent
Parallel Matrix Multiplication Algorithms Acquire Connected Network Motifs
Authors: Zaenudin Efendi , Ng Ka-Lok
Published: September 2023

The network of interactions between biomolecules is essential to biological processes. Many studies have shown that molecular networks can be analyzed by breaking them down into smaller modules known as network motifs. We hypothesize that identifying the set of possible 5-node motifs and 6-node motifs embedded in a network is a necessary step to elucidate the complex topology of a network. Accomplishing this goal requires determining the complete set of motifs that are composed of five and six connected nodes.  

We developed a parallel algorithm to reduce time consumption that tackles the exponential problem. It is implemented in matrix multiplication insert in the process of identifying isomorphic patterns and removing the isolated and disconnected patterns. The experiment showed that the parallelization matrix multiplication algorithm is approximately 1.4 times faster than serial programming for identifying 5-node motifs and approximately 1.3 times faster than serial programming for identifying 6-node motifs with all the nodes connected
Implementation of Collision Avoidance System Algorithm in NPC Game 3D
Authors: Hamanako Gugah Alwan , Sucipto Adi
Published: September 2023

Nowadays, with the rapid development of technology, we are given the convenience of finding entertainment such as games. Now this game can be quickly run on various media, one of them is a smartphone. Most smartphones' operating systems (OS) are Android and IOS. Among the both of OS which is currently popular is Android. This research aims to create an Artificial Intelligent of Non-Player Character (NPC) that can avoid every obstacle using the Collision Avoidance System algorithm. The result of the research is an android game app that applies the Collision Avoidance System that can make AI NPC avoid obstacles. The application of the algorithm to the NPC is made in 3 stages, namely, design by making a flowchart of the algorithm, then writing a program from the Collision Avoidance System, and finally, testing the AI ​​NPC. The test is carried out by comparing the reactions of NPC 1 and NPC 2 in passing through obstacles when on different paths by being carried out jointly between NPC. Based on the tests on AI NPC, NPC managed to avoid obstacles in front of them and the players, and it is almost 93% successful.
ANALYSIS OF THE QUALITY OF CLOUD STORAGE SERVICES ON NEXTCLOUD AND PYDIO
Authors: Samsumar Lalu Delsi , Hidayatulloh Beni Ari , Zaenudin Zaenudin , Pitaloca Putri Novia Dyah
Published: September 2023

The development of information technology has greatly influenced the development of current storage media, such as cloud-based storage (cloud). Nextcloud and pydio storage are part of an open based cloud computing system. Measuring service quality can be seen from the aspects of throughput, delay, jitter, and packet loss. This research was conducted to compare the upload and download speeds between the nextcloud server and the pydio server. Of the two cloud storage servers, five trial upload and download respectively. Based on the test results showing that the upload and download processes produce final cloud storage data which has the highest average throughput in terms of uploading files of different types and capacities, the next cloud server is 1,934.6 kbps. The cloud storage that has the lowest average packet loss value is balanced, because the two cloud storages get the same packet loss value of 0%. The cloud storage that has the lowest average file upload delay is the nextcloud server at 222,585 ms. The cloud storage that gets the lowest jitter value is the pydio server of 160.56 ms. Meanwhile, for downloading cloud storage files that have the highest average throughput value, nextcloud server is 1,332 kbps. The cloud storage that has the lowest average packet loss value is balanced, because the two cloud storages get the same packet loss value of 0%. The cloud storage that has the lowest average download delay is the nextcloud server at 132,057 ms, while the cloud storage that has the lowest jitter is the nextcloud server at 132,139 ms.
Analysis on the Impact of Implementing Inter-band Carrier Aggregation (CA) on the 5G-NR Networks
Authors: Agelliza Vanessa , Larasati Solichah , Hikmaturokhman Alfin
Published: September 2023

Currently, cellular technology is advancing into the 5G era, which can support data speeds up to 10 Gbps on the uplink side and 20 Gbps on the downlink side. This study aims to plan a 5G NR network by implementing the inter-band carrier aggregation (CA) method. CA is one of the techniques used to achieve high data speeds and to combine two or more radio frequency bands. The primary cell uses band n40 at 2300 MHz with a 40 MHz bandwidth, while the secondary cell uses band n78 at 3500 MHz with a 100 MHz bandwidth. The area that we used for this network design is Agung Podomoro Land (APL) Tower Central Park area in West Jakarta. The propagation model used Urban Macro. Testing process is carried out by comparing the results between using CA and not using CA on the SSRSRP, SS-SINR, and data rate parameters. Simulation results show an average increase in each parameter after the inter-band carrier aggregation method is applied. The SS-RSRP parameter increased by 0.05% with a value of -82.02dBm, the SS-SINR parameter increased by 0.77% with a value of 15.71dB, and the data rate parameter significantly increased by 241.33% with a value of 803.66 Mbps. This proves that implementing the carrier aggregation method can improve the quality and capacity of the network, particularly the data rate, by maximizing the use of the bandwidth and resource block produced by the combination of component carriers.
Konflik Pengelolaan Tanah Ulayat Di Desa Partungko Naginjang Kecamatan Harian Kabupaten Samosir
Authors: Simanjuntak Angzel , Pasaribu Payerli
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini membahas tentang konflik pengelolaan tanah ulayat di  Desa Partungko Naginjang Kecamatan Harian Kabupaten Samosir. Penelitian ini difokuskan untuk mengetahui kedudukan tanah ulayat, penyebab terjadinya konflik pengelolaan tanah ulayat, dan faktor penghambat penyelesaian konflik di Desa Partungko Naginjang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Partungko Naginjang. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu melalui, observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa kedudukan tanah ulayat di Desa Partungko Naginjang dipegang penuh oleh Pomparan Raja Ulosan Sinaga Uruk. Faktor penyebab konflik pengelolaan tanah ulayat ini adalah, akibat dari pertambahan penduduk, peraturan perundang-undangan di pandang belum sepenuhnya dapat mengatur masalah pertanahan dan kurangnya komunikasi antara masyarakat, pihak kehutanan dan pemerintahan desa. Faktor penghambat konflik tanah ulayat adalah tingginya tingkat emosial pihak yang berselisih, minimnya tingkat pendidikan, rendahnya kualitas disiplin untuk menyelesaikan masalah, dan batas-batas tanah ulayat yang tidak jelas dari pihak kehutanan.