bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Available Wireless Sensor Network and Internet of Things testbed facilities: dataset
Authors: Judvaitis Janis , Abolins Valters , Elkenawy Amr , Ozols Kaspars
Published: November 2022

The availability of data is an important aspect of any research as it determines the likelihood of the study's commencement, completion, and success. The Internet of Things and Wireless Sensor Networks technologies have been attracting a huge amount of researchers for more than two decades, without having a consolidated or unified source, identifying and describing available Internet of Things and Wireless sensor network testbed facilities. 

In this paper, a dataset including 41 distinct testbed facilities is described. These testbed facilities are classified according to their key features such as Device Under Test (DUT) type, mobility, access level, facility count, connection/interaction interfaces along with other criteria. The systematic review process resulting in the gathered data set consisted of three filtering phases applied to relevant articles published between the years 2011 and 2021 as obtained from the Web of Science and SCOPUS databases.
Digitalization of the Economy: Current Trends and Features
Authors: Svistunov V. , Lobachyev V.
Published: November 2022

The article discusses current trends and features of digitalization processes in the Russian economy. These processes are analyzed both as a global development trend and taking into account the peculiarities of the domestic economy. One of the current current global trends is the active development of the knowledge economy, accompanied by the introduction of digital technologies in various fields of activity. The results of the analysis were the formulation of the emerging negative trend of unequal opportunities for unhindered access to digital resources and their use in various fields of activity among the population living in different regions of the Russian Federation. The main reason explaining this trend is the presence of significant differences in the level of socio-economic development of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The elimination of the negative consequences of this trend will be possible only if the material capabilities of residents in different regions of the country are equalized.
Association of inflammatory complications following resection and immediate reconstruction with soft tissue sarcoma recurrence
Authors: Kim Jisu , Mun Goo-Hyun , Seo Sung-Wook , Lee Kyeong-Tae
Published: November 2022

Purpose: Wide excision and subsequent reconstruction of the defect are crucial pillars in the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma (STS); however, those procedures carry a relatively high risk of postoperative complications, which could raise oncologic concerns. The present study evaluated the association of postoperative complications after resection and immediate reconstruction with STS recurrence. Methods: We reviewed patients with primary STS who underwent wide resection and immediate reconstruction between 2011 and 2019. Patients were categorized into three groups based on their postoperative inflammatory complication status: no complications, noninflammatory complications, and inflammatory complications. Inflammatory complications were defined as those involving a sustained elevation of inflammatory markers in laboratory tests after postoperative 2 weeks. The cumulative incidence of oncologic events and their respective hazard ratios (HRs) were evaluated using multivariable Cox regression analyses. Results: In total, 94 patients with a median follow-up of 54.8 months were analyzed, including 17 with inflammatory complications, 17 with noninflammatory complications, and 60 with no complications. The three groups showed similar baseline characteristics except for older age and a lower rate of FNCLCC (Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre Le Cancer) grade 3 in the inflammatory complications group. The inflammatory complications group showed significantly worse disease-free survival than the no complications group. This difference remained significant after adjustment for other variables in multivariate analyses (HR, 3.485; p=0.019). The development of noninflammatory complications was not associated with oncologic outcomes. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the development of inflammatory complications following wide excision and immediate reconstruction may be associated with the recurrence of STS.
Canine mange part 2: treatment and management
Authors: Curtis Cathy
Published: November 2022

Canine mange is an ectoparasitic disease of the skin of dogs, caused by one of several mite species that commonly infest domestic dogs worldwide. In part one of this article, the causes and diagnosis of canine mange were reviewed and in this second part, its treatment and management will be discussed.
Surface Treatment of Polylactic Acid Fiber by Starch Nanocrystals and Interface Modification of Polylactic Acid Fiber-Reinforced Starch Composites
Authors: Zhou Xiaodong , Sun Ming , Ma Huihuang , Yang Shaoxia , Chen Yingxuan , Liu Haiyan
Published: November 2022

The surface of polylactic acid fiber (PLAF) was treated with self - manufactured starch nanocrystals (SNCs) to improve its interfacial adhesion with the starch matrix. Determination of optimum dispersion conditions of SNCs dispersion by transmittance. The effects of direct oscillatory deposition, chemical grafting SNCs modification, and SNCs dispersion concentration on the surface treatment effect of PLAF and its interfacial bonding with starch matrix were investigated. The results showed that the SNCs were successfully introduced into the PLAF surface, moreover, the modifying effect of the chemical grafted SNCs was better than the direct oscillatory deposition, the distribution of SNCs particles was more uniform on the fiber surface, strong chemical bonding to the fiber surface, make up for the surface damage of the fibers caused by aminolysis. At the SNCs dispersion concentration of 10 g/L, the PLAF tensile strength could be maintained at 582 MPa, a large amount of starch was evenly attached to the surface after pulling out. It showed that a strong interface bond with the starch matrix, the highest IFSS value was 2.57 MPa and the increase was by about 63 %. Therefore, the introduction of SNCs for interfacial modification of PLAF is of great significance and deserves further exploration.
Acupuncture for Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea or Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome: A Review of the China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database
Authors: Baek Hye Kyung , Kim Young Jun , Lee Yeon Sun , Jo Hye Ri , Park Mi So , Shin Dong Guk , Shim Hyun A
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze acupuncture treatment methods and acupoints used to treat obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or obstructive sleep apnea-hypoapnea syndrome (OSAHS). The data were retrieved from January 2010 to May 2022 from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure database. The search terms included “adult,” “obstructive sleep apnea,” “obstructive sleep apnea hypoapnea syndrome,” “acupuncture,” and “electro-acupuncture.” Clinical trials for acupuncture treatment of OSA or OSAHS were included in this review (4 non-randomized controlled studies, 1 was a case report, and 10 randomized controlled studies). For OSA and OSAHS treatment, the acupoints that were most frequently used included REN23, LU7, ST40, EX9, LI11, and DU20. Compared with the control or Western treatment group, the treatment outcome measures of participants in the acupuncture treatment group significantly improved. In some studies, participants in the acupuncture group did not have side effects and the treatment was cost-effective. The data analyzed in this review suggest that acupuncture is an effective treatment for OSA or OSAHS.
Quality Assessment of Clinical Practice Guidelines for Ankle Sprains Using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II Assessment Tool
Authors: Jang Jun-Yeong , Jo Min-Gi , Ko Min-Jung , Chae Sang-Yeup , Lee Seungeun , Lee Dongmin , Kim Jung-Hyun , Goo Bonhyuk , Seo Byung-Kwan , Baek Yong-Hyeon , Nam Sang-Soo , Park Yeon-Cheol
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to evaluate clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for ankle sprains using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II tool, using electronic databases (GIN, PubMed, EMBASE, NCKM, CNKI, CiNii, WanFang database, RISS, and SCOPUS), to suggest strategies for improvement in the future. The search was performed on April 23, 2021 and 10 CPGs were selected for evaluation. Three CPGs were recommended without modification (Class A scores), five were recommended with modification (Class B), and two were not recommended (Class C scores). The CPG domain that received the lowest score was “applicability.” The traditional medicine CPGs scored higher [Class A (n = 1) and Class B (n = 1)] than the conventional Western medicine CPGs [Class A (n = 2), Class B (n = 4), and Class C (n = 2)] and were considered to be more methodical. In the future, more research into traditional medicine is required.
Correlation Between Accompanying Symptoms of Facial Nerve Palsy, Clinical Assessment Scales and Surface Electromyography
Authors: Kim Gyu Hui , Park Jung Hyeon , Kim Tae Kyung , Lee Eun Ju , Jung Su Eun , Seo Jong Cheol , Kim Cheol Hong , Choi Yoo Min , Yoon Hyun Min
Published: November 2022

Background: This retrospective study aimed to determine whether there were correlations between the number and type of accompanying symptoms of peripheral facial nerve palsy, and surface electromyography (SEMG) and clinical assessment scales to help diagnosis.Methods: There were 30, cases of peripheral facial nerve palsy at Visit 1 to the Korean Medicine Hospital, Dong-eui University, 22 cases at Visit 2 and 10 cases at Visit 3. The study period was from July 19, 2021 to November 31, 2021. Symptoms were evaluated three times (with two-week intervals which began 7 days from onset) using SEMG, clinical assessment scales and accompanying symptoms. In this study, the House-Brackmann grading system (HBGS), and the Yanagihara’s unweighted grading system (Y-score) clinical assessment scales were used. The Pearson or Spearman correlation was used for statistical analysis.Results: On Visit 1, the number of accompanying symptoms of peripheral facial nerve palsy had no significant correlation with other measures. On Visits 1-3, the HBGS score had a significant negative correlation with the Y-score. On Visit 2, most of the mean values measured had significant correlations with each other although not between SEMG-Z and SEMG-O that Z means a zygomaticus muscle and O means a orbicularis oris muscle. On Visit 3, the number of accompanying symptoms significantly correlated with the clinical assessment scales. The HBGS score, Y-score, and SEMG measurements (except SEMG-Z) had significant correlations with each other. A significant positive correlation between SEMG-Z and SEMG-T was noted.Conclusion: We predict accompanying symptoms can be used to diagnose the peripheral facial nerve palsy including both clinical assessment scales and SEMG measurements at 2-5 weeks after onset.
Simultaneously characterized Stokes parameters of a lightwave utilizing the tensor polarization holography theory
Authors: Qi Peiliang , Wang Jinyu , Yang Yi , Yuan Xinyi , Ye Tian , Lin Ayuan , Zhang Yuanying , Huang Zhiyun , Tan Xiaodi
Published: November 2022

Polarization is a natural property of a lightwave and makes a significant contribution to various scientific and technological applications, due to the different states of polarization (SoP) of a lightwave that may manifest distinct behaviors. Hence, it is important to determine the SoP of the lightwave. Generally, the SoP of a lightwave can be recognized by the Stokes parameters. In this paper, we proposed a novel method to simultaneously characterize the Stokes parameters of a lightwave, by employing the tensor polarization holography theory. This is done through merely a piece of polarization-sensitive material. Compared with the traditional method, this method requires only one measurement to obtain all the Stokes parameters, without using additional polarizing elements. The experimental result shows excellent agreement with the theoretical one, which confirmed the reliability and accuracy of the proposed method. We believe that this work may broaden the application field of polarization holography.
Stratospheric aerosol lidar with a 300 µm diameter superconducting nanowire single-photon detector at 1064 nm
Authors: Li Manyi , Wu Yunbin , Yuan Jinlong , Zhao Lijie , Tang Dawei , Dong Jingjing , Xia Haiyun , Dou Xiankang
Published: November 2022

Stratospheric aerosols play an important role in the atmospheric chemical and radiative balance. To detect the stratospheric aerosol layer, a 1064 nm lidar with high resolution and large dynamic range is developed using a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD). Measurements are typically performed at 1064 nm for its sensitivity to aerosol, whereas detectors are limited by low efficiency and high dark count rate (DCR). SNSPDs are characterized by high efficiency in the infrared wavelength domain, as well as low noise and dead time, which can significantly enhance the signal quality. However, it is still challenging to build an SNSPD with both large active area and high count rate. To improve the maximal count rate (MCR) so as to avoid saturation in the near range, a 16-pixel interleaved SNSPD array and a multichannel data acquisition system are developed. As a reference, a synchronous system working at 532 nm is applied. In a continuous comparison experiment, backscatter ratio profiles are retrieved with resolutions of 90 m/3 min, and the 1064 nm system shows better performance, which is sensitive to aerosols and immune to the contamination of the ozone absorption and density of molecule change in the lower stratosphere.
Carrier-envelope-phase-dependent below-threshold harmonic generation in few-cycle mid-infrared laser fields
Authors: Wang Zhi-Bin , Chen Yang-Yang , Jia Tong-Gang , Jiao Zhi-Hong , Li Peng-Cheng
Published: November 2022

We theoretically study the dependence of below-threshold harmonic generation (BTHG) of atoms on the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) driven by few-cycle mid-infrared laser pulses. The BTHG spectra can be accurately and efficiently calculated by solving the three-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation using the time-dependent generalized pseudospectral method. We present the BTHG spectra as a function of the laser-field CEP. CEP-dependent enhancement or suppression occurred at low laser field intensities owing to the changes in the resonant effects associated with multiple quantum trajectories. However, the BTHG of atoms driven by high laser intensities is insensitive to the CEP. The synchrosqueezing time-frequency transform of the BTHG and extended semiclassical analysis are performed to elucidate the underlying physical mechanism.
ABCD transfer matrix model of Gaussian beam propagation in Fabry-Perot etalons
Authors: Martin-Sanchez David , Li Jing , Marques Dylan M. , Zhang Edward Z. , Munro Peter R. T. , Beard Paul C. , Guggenheim James A.
Published: November 2022

A numerical model of Gaussian beam propagation in planar Fabry-Perot (FP) etalons is presented. The model is based on the ABCD transfer matrix method. This method is easy to use and interpret, and readily connects models of lenses, mirrors, fibres and other optics to aid simulating complex multi-component etalon systems. To validate the etalon model, its predictions were verified using a previously validated model based on Fourier optics. To demonstrate its utility, three different etalon systems were simulated. The results suggest the model is valid and versatile and could aid in designing and understanding a range of systems containing planar FP etalons. The method could be extended to model higher order beams, other FP type devices such as plano-concave resonators, and more complex etalon systems such as those involving tilted components.
Controllable, intense spectral peaking with a spectral filter and optical fiber
Authors: Nishizawa Norihiko , Kobata Sakiko , Kitajima Shotaro
Published: November 2022

Nonlinear fiber effects are useful for controlling optical spectra in a wide variety of ways. Here, we report the demonstration of freely controllable, intense spectral peaking using a high-resolution spectral filter with a liquid-crystal spatial light modulator and nonlinear fibers. A large enhancement of spectral peak components by more than a factor of 10 was achieved by employing phase modulation. Multiple spectral peaks with an extremely high signal-to-background ratio (SBR) of up to 30 dB were generated simultaneously in a wide wavelength range. It was shown that part of the energy from the whole pulse spectrum was concentrated at the filtering part and constructed the intense spectral peaks. This technique is very useful for highly sensitive spectroscopic applications and comb mode selection.
Hydroxychloroquine reduces soluble Flt-1 secretion from human cytotrophoblast, but does not mitigate markers of endothelial dysfunction in vitro
Authors: Kadife Elif , Hannan Natalie , Harper Alesia , Binder Natalie , Beard Sally , Brownfoot Fiona C.
Published: November 2022

Preeclampsia is a multi-system disease that can have severe, even fatal implications for the mother and fetus. Abnormal placentation can lead to ischaemic tissue injury and placental inflammation. In turn, the placenta releases anti-angiogenic factors into the maternal circulation. These systemically act to neutralise angiogenic factors causing endothelial dysfunction causing preeclampsia. Hydroxychloroquine is an immune modulating drug that is considered safe in pregnancy. There is epidemiological evidence suggesting it may reduce the risk of preeclampsia. Here, we examined the effects hydroxychloroquine on the production and secretion of sFlt-1, soluble endoglin (sENG), placental growth factor (PlGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in primary human placenta, cytotrophoblasts and umbilical vein endothelial cells (endothelial cell model). Hydroxychloroquine treatment decreased mRNA expression of two sFlt-1 isoforms and its protein secretion. sENG was not reduced. Hydroxychloroquine treatment increased secretion of pro-angiogenic factor PIGF from endothelial cells. It did not significantly reduce the expression of the endothelial cell inflammation marker, ET-1, and inflammation induced expression of the adhesion molecule, VCAM. Hydroxychloroquine could not overcome leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. Hydroxychloroquine mitigates features of preeclampsia, but it does not reduce key markers of endothelial dysfunction.
Bioinformatics analysis of immune-related prognostic genes and immunotherapy in renal clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Pan Ziwen , Chang Sheng , Chen Song , Zhao Daqiang , Zou Zhiyu , Dai Linrui , Hou Yibo , Zhang Qianqian , Yang Yuanyuan , Chen Zhishui , Zhang Weijie , Zhao Yuanyuan
Published: November 2022

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is an immunogenic tumor, and investigating the immunorelated genes is essential. To investigate the immunoprognostic genes of ccRCC, we analyzed the data assimilated from a public database (The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database) using bioinformatics. Then, an immunoprognosis model was constructed to identify four hub genes with moderate predictive values for the prognosis of ccRCC patients. These four genes were associated with the prognosis of ccRCC patients based on Oncomine and Gena Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) databases. The correlation analysis between the immune infiltrate, immune checkpoints, and immunotherapy and this immunoprognosis model showed that immune infiltration could predict the immunotherapy effects. We also conducted a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis and found that the expressions of three hub genes were associated with tumor progression (P<0.1). In conclusion, four genes that may serve as potential biomarkers in ccRCC were identified with respect to prognosis.
Development and application of multiplex targeted-sequencing approaches to identify Phytophthora species associated with root rot and wilting complex of red raspberry
Authors: Sapkota Sanjib , Burlakoti Rishi R. , Lamour Kurt , Lubberts Mark , Punja Zamir K.
Published: November 2022

Phytophthora species are primary causal agents of raspberry root rot and wilting complex (RRWC), a disease complex that is of major concern to raspberry producers worldwide. Accurate identification of the causal agents is a first step for effective disease management. Advancements in molecular diagnostics can facilitate the detection of multiple pathogen species associated with this disease complex. We developed multiplex targeted-sequencing methods using degenerate primers for heat shock protein 90, elongation factor 1α and β-tubulin genes to identify Phytophthora species causing RRWC. One hundred and twenty-eight isolates recovered during 2018 to 2020 from diverse fields in major raspberry growing areas of British Columbia (BC) were sequenced and identified by comparing with known reference sequences of 142 Phytophthora species, 111 Pythium species, and nine Phytopythium species in the NCBI database. This multiplex targeted-sequencing method was highly specific and identified two species of Phytophthora associated with RRWC. These were P. rubi (85% of isolates) and P. gonapodyides (15% of isolates). Phytophthora rubi was predominantly isolated from the cultivars ‘Chemainus’ (51%), ‘Rudi’ (27%) and ‘Meeker’ (15%), whereas P. gonapodyides was predominately isolated from the moderately resistant cultivar ‘Cascade Bounty’. Pathogenicity studies on intact plants and detached leaves confirmed that P. rubi and P. gonapodyides can cause symptoms of RRWC on raspberry, thus fulfilling Koch’s postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. gonapodyides as a causal agent of RRWC on raspberry in BC. This study provides novel insights into the identification and species composition of Phytophthora associated with RRWC in raspberry production systems.
Preliminary efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy on emotion regulation in adults with autism spectrum disorder: A pilot randomized waitlist-controlled study
Authors: Kuroda Miho , Kawakubo Yuki , Kamio Yoko , Yamasue Hidenori , Kono Toshiaki , Nonaka Maiko , Matsuda Natsumi , Kataoka Muneko , Wakabayashi Akio , Yokoyama Kazuhito , Kano Yukiko , Kuwabara Hitoshi
Published: November 2022

Previous studies have demonstrated the clinical utility of cognitive-behavioral therapy in improving emotion regulation in children on the autism spectrum. However, no studies have elucidated the clinical utility of cognitive-behavioral therapy in improving emotion regulation in autistic adults. The aim of the present pilot study was to explore the preliminary clinical utility of a group-based cognitive-behavioral therapy program designed to address emotion regulation skills in autistic adults. We conducted a clinical trial based on a previously reported protocol; 31 participants were randomly allocated to the intervention group and 29 to the waitlist control group. The intervention group underwent an 8-week program of cognitive-behavioral therapy sessions. Two participants from the intervention group withdrew from the study, leaving 29 participants (93.5%) in the group. Compared with the waitlist group, the cognitive-behavioral therapy group exhibited significantly greater pre-to-post (Week 0–8) intervention score improvements on the attitude scale of the autism spectrum disorder knowledge and attitude quiz (t = 2.21, p = 0.03, d = 0.59) and the difficulty describing feelings scale of the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (t = -2.07, p = 0.04, d = -0.57) in addition to pre-to-follow-up (Week 0–16) score improvements on the emotion-oriented scale of the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (t = -2.14, p = 0.04, d = -0.59). Our study thus provides preliminary evidence of the efficacy of the group-based cognitive-behavioral therapy program on emotion regulation in autistic adults, thereby supporting further evaluation of the effectiveness of the cognitive-behavioral therapy program in the context of a larger randomized clinical trial. However, the modest and inconsistent effects underscore the importance of continued efforts to improve the cognitive-behavioral therapy program beyond current standards.
Complications following transcutaneous cecal trocarization in horses with a cattle trocar and a cecal needle
Authors: Dória Renata Gebara Sampaio , Reginato Gustavo Morandini , Hayasaka Yumi de Barcelos , Fantinato Neto Paulo , Passarelli Danielle , Arantes Julia de Assis
Published: November 2022

Percutaneous decompression of the cecum is a procedure that could be considered for horses with cecal gas distension. The aim of this study was to identify complications such as peritonitis and clinically relevant peritonitis (CRP) after transabdominal cecal trocarization in healthy horses using a cattle trocar and a cecal needle. Mixed breed horses were assigned to three groups (n = 6): horses that underwent trocarization with a cecal needle (G1) or a cattle trocar (G2), and a control group (CG) without cecal trocarization. The same horses were used in each group, respecting a three-month washout period between studies. A physical examination, serial blood, and peritoneal fluid sampling were performed, prior to cecal trocarization and 2, 6 and 12 hours after the first collection and 1, 2, 3, 7, and 14 days after the procedure. Acute-phase proteins in blood and peritoneal fluid were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Horses with a high cell count in the peritoneal fluid (i.e., 10,000 cells/μl) were considered to have peritonitis and CRP if they met at least two of the following clinical criteria: anorexia, lethargy, tachycardia, tachypnea, fever, ileus, abnormal oral mucous membrane color, abnormal white blood cells count, or high blood fibrinogen concentration (> 5 g/L). All horses recovered from cecal trocarization and abdominocentesis with no major complications. Cecal trocarization caused cytologic evidence of peritonitis in G1 and G2 during the 14 days of evaluation. CRP was not observed, although a decrease in cecal motility was observed in G1 and G2 during the experimental period and three horses, one from G1 and two from G2, showed a single moment of fever. None of the groups showed leukopenia or leukocytosis, although blood neutrophil count decreased at D7 and D14 in G1 and at D14 in G2 (p ≤ 0.05). After cecal trocarization, an increase in the total nucleated cells count, total proteins, globulins, alkaline phosphatase and acute phase proteins were observed in the peritoneal fluid of G1 and G2 during the 14 days of evaluation (p ≤ 0.05), without causing clinically relevant peritonitis. Transcutaneous cecal trocarization promotes peritonitis, which is more intense with a cattle trocar than with a cecal needle. The cecal needle should be considered for cecal trocarization of horses with cecal tympany.
Prevalence and characteristics of family history of sudden unexplained death and predictors of negative attitude of family members toward medical autopsy and family screening in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Alqarawi Wael , Muammar Nouf Bin , Alajlan Nuha , Kashour Tarek , Hersi Ahmad
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Little is known about sudden unexplained death (SUD) in Saudi Arabia. Moreover, family screening and medical autopsy are not routinely performed due to perceived religious and cultural resistance. However, this has never been systematically examined. We sought to describe the prevalence and characteristics of family history of SUD and the attitude of family members toward medical autopsy and family screening.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study utilizing an online survey distributed though social media platforms from August 15 to September 15, 2021. Participants’ characteristics, details about SUD cases, and the attitude toward medical autopsy and family screening were collected. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of negative attitude toward medical autopsy.

Results

A total of 11374 were included in the final analysis after excluding children. The prevalence of FHx of at least one first degree relative (FDR) with SUD was found to be 9.4% [95% CI (8.9% - 10%)]. Among participants with any FHx of SUD, 1346/3489 (38.6%) had ≥ 2 family members affected. Only 183 participants with a FHx of SUD visited a physician for the purpose of family screening (183/3489, 5.3%). The total number of SUD cases reported was 5474. Of those, 22% were 35-year-old or younger. Only 22% of participants (2458/11374) had a negative attitude towards medical autopsy, and the most common reason was the perceived lack of benefit. Older age (> 35 years), family history of SUD, female gender, and lack of knowledge about the yield of medical autopsy were associated with negative attitude in the adjusted analysis.

Conclusion

SUD occurred at young age and affected multiple family members in a significant proportion of families. Despite that, family screening was seldom performed. There is an urgent need to improve the care of SUD by incorporating medical autopsy and developing clinical pathways to screen family members.
U.S. National Park visitor perceptions and behavioral intentions towards actions to prevent white-nose syndrome
Authors: Shapiro Hannah G. , Willcox Adam S. , Willcox Emma V. , Verant Michelle L.
Published: November 2022

In the United States, the discovery and spread of white-nose syndrome (WNS) has drastically changed how bats and caves are managed. The U.S. National Park Service has been instrumental in the national response to WNS, as it manages extensive cave resources and has a close relationship with the public. However, managers lack information on visitor support for disease prevention measures designed to slow the spread of WNS and minimize human disturbance of vulnerable bat populations. This study utilized the Theory of Planned Behavior to determine how visitor attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral controls influenced their behavior regarding WNS preventive actions, including participation in educational programming on bats, wearing clothes or shoes in caves that have not been contaminated with the fungus that causes WNS, walking over decontamination mats, and complying with cave closures. During summer of 2019, data were collected using an on-site survey of 1365 visitors to eight U.S. national park units: Oregon Caves, Lava Beds, Carlsbad Caverns, El Malpais, Wind Cave, Jewel Cave, Mammoth Cave, and Cumberland Gap. Visitors were willing to participate in all preventative actions addressed in the survey (77.7%-96.7%). Visitors expressed that engaging in these actions was very desirable (36.0%-65.6%), and their decision to engage in these actions was most strongly influenced by park staff (39.2%-68.8%) or signage (35.5%-61.9%). Attitudes and subjective norms were positive predictors of behavioral intentions for all measures. Perceived behavioral control was not a direct predictor for behavioral intent, but its interaction with attitudes and subjective norms had a moderating influence on intention to comply with multiple WNS preventive actions. With the continued spread of WNS and emergence of other threats to bats, understanding visitor behavioral intent and underlying factors will facilitate successful implementation of preventive actions that are publicly supported and promote conservation of bat populations in U.S. national parks.
Medical abortion drug dispensing practices among private pharmacy workers in Nepal: A mystery client study
Authors: Sigdel Anil , Angdembe Mirak Raj , Khanal Pratik , Adhikari Nilaramba , Maharjan Alina , Paudel Mahesh
Published: November 2022

Background

Pharmacies are the first point of contact for women seeking medical abortion (MA) and act as important sources of information and referral in Nepal. Over the counter sale of MA drugs is not currently allowed in Nepal. This study aimed to assess the MA drug dispensing practices of pharmacy workers using mystery clients in Nepal.

Methods

A cross-sectional study using the mystery client approach was conducted in 266 pharmacies in September-October 2019. These pharmacies had either received harm reduction training or medical detailing visits. A total of 532 visits were conducted by six male and six female mystery clients. Mystery clients without prescription approached the sample pharmacy and filled out a standard digital survey questionnaire using the SurveyCTO application immediately after each interaction.

Results

Pharmacy workers dispensed MA drugs in 35.7% of the visits while they refused to provide MA drugs to the mystery clients in 39.3% of visits. Lack of evidence of prior consultation with a physician (27.5%), referral to other health facilities (21.8%), unavailability of MA drugs in the pharmacy (21.3%) and lack of prescription (16.4%) were the main reasons for refusal. Seventy percent of the pharmacy workers inquired clients about last menstrual period/months of pregnancy while 38.1% asked whether the pregnancy status was confirmed. During 65.1% of the visits, mystery clients were told about when to take the MA drugs while in 66.4% of visits, they were told about the route of drug administration. Similarly, mystery clients were briefed about what to expect during the abortion process in half of the visits, and information about the possible side effects of the MA drug was provided in 55.9% of the visits. Pharmacy workers provided correct information on taking MA drugs to mystery clients in 70.7% of visits.

Conclusion

Despite legal provision of sale of MA drugs only on prescription, pharmacy workers dispensed MA drug in one out of three visits. As pharmacies are the initial contacts of women for abortion services in Nepal, correct supplementary information through pharmacy workers can be an effective strategy to expand access to quality safe abortion services.
An Analysis of the Effectiveness of Expanding Shuttle Operations in a Cooling Shelter Using System Dynamics-GIS Model - Focus on the Seoul City -
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Hong Seok Bum , Han Hak , Ham Tae Yuun , Yun Hong Sik
Published: November 2022

Amid the accelerating rise in temperature worldwide, the number of summer heat patients continues to increase despite the nation's No. 1 rank in terms of ratio of heat shelters per area in Seoul. This study analyzed the effect of shuttle operations using the System Dynamics-GIS model to secure the mobility of cooling shelters for the vulnerable population in Seoul. To input into the System Dynamics model, spatial information consisting of the vulnerable population for each Dong in Seoul, cooling shelter (capacity, location), and DEM data were analyzed in GIS. By designing a stock-flow model based on the spatial input information, the pattern of decrease of the heat wave exposure rate according to the evacuation rate of the vulnerable was analyzed in time series. The scenarios consisted of not operating a shuttle bus (Scenario 0), operating a shuttle bus (Scenario 1), and efficient shuttle distribution with the operation (Scenario 2). The heat wave exposure rates of each scenario were 83.5%, 74%, and 59.58%. The heat wave exposure rate of the vulnerable group due to shuttle operations has decreased by as much as 23.92%, and this study’s results can serve as primary data when establishing policies related to shuttle operations.
Meditation and Yoga for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: D'Silva Adrijana , Marshall Deborah A. , Vallance Jeff K. , Nasser Yasmin , Rajagopalan Vidya , Szostakiwskyj Jessie H. , Raman Maitreyi
Published: November 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Delivered in person, yoga is effective in managing irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms. The evidence for efficacy, feasibility, and safety of virtually delivered yoga for patients with IBS is unknown.

METHODS:

Adults diagnosed with IBS were randomized to either Hatha yoga intervention of 8 weekly online classes delivered virtually or an advice-only control group and assessed at baseline and postintervention. We used an unadjusted ANOVA to determine differences between and within groups on the primary outcome (decrease of ≥50 points in IBS Symptom Severity Scale [IBS-SSS]) and secondary outcomes (quality of life, anxiety and depression, fatigue, somatic symptoms, perceived stress, COVID-19 stress, and self-compassion). We assessed feasibility through recruitment and attrition rates, adherence, participant satisfaction, and safety (i.e., adverse events).

RESULTS:

Seventy-nine people participated (mean age 45.4 years [SD = 14.0], 92% women, 20% attrition rate). IBS-SSS decreased significantly in the treatment group (Δchange = 54.7, P = 0.028), but not in the control group (Δchange = 22.6, P = 0.277). Fourteen patients (37%) in the yoga group reached a clinically relevant decrease of ≥50 points on the IBS-SSS postintervention compared with 8 patients (20%) in the control group (P = 0.242). No significant difference was found between groups in IBS-SSS score postintervention (P = 0.149), but significant differences in favor of the treatment group for quality of life (P = 0.030), fatigue (P = 0.035), and perceived stress (P = 0.040) were identified. The yoga program demonstrated feasibility. Intention to practice yoga decreased significantly in both groups from baseline to postintervention (P < 0.001). However, the decline in intention did not correlate with practice minutes.

DISCUSSION:

Virtually delivered yoga is safe and feasible, and effective in reducing IBS symptoms. Based on the primary end point, the intervention was not superior to an advice-only control group.
EL TURISMO CULTURAL: UNA OPORTUNIDAD DE CRECIMIENTO EN LA PAMPA ARGENTINA
Authors: Ramos Aldo Guzman
Published: November 2022

El presente artículo plantea la necesidad de complementar el turismo tradicional de sol y playa con el turismo cultural, generando nuevos productos a partir del patrimonio cultural. Esto puede permitir desestacionalizar al primero y potenciar el crecimiento del segundo, ampliando regionalmente los beneficios del turismo.

Este marco general es aplicado a la región sudeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, en la República Argentina, siendo una problemática a resolver en muchos otros espacios turísticos del mundo.
TECNOLOGIAS COMPUTACIONAIS E ENSINO DE GEOGRAFIA: APLICAÇÃO DO SIMCITY COMO FERRAMENTA PARA ESTUDO E PLANEJAMENTO DO USO E OCUPAÇÃO DO SOLO EM UMA CIDADE
Authors: Pina José Hermano Almeida , Leal Pedro Carignato Basílio
Published: November 2022

É bastante visível a grande inserção das tecnologias computacionais em diversos setores da sociedade contemporânea, porém, ainda são muitas as parcelas da sociedade que não têm acesso aos reais benefícios de tais tecnologias. No caso específico da Geografia, destaca-se o ambiente urbano fortemente materializado nas cidades, sendo estas o principal lócus do homem contemporâneo. Nesse contexto, observam-se atualmente, principalmente no Brasil, diversos exemplos que vão desde planejamentos urbanos bem sucedidos até cidades que enfrentam diariamente sérias dificuldades em função da falta de planejamento. Sendo assim, esse trabalho busca, através do uso do software Simcity, identificar ferramentas metodológicas de ensino inserido no contexto da geografia urbana, destacando assim a grande necessidade de considerar o estudo e planejamento do uso e ocupação do solo em uma cidade. Com relação à funcionalidade propriamente dita, espera-se contribuir para uma sensibilização urbana já no ensino básico, através do contato com as várias problemáticas de uma cidade, exigindo, portanto, a idéia de planejamento como contribuição para a qualidade de vida nas cidades.
AGRONEGÓCIO, DESENVOLVIMENTO SOCIOECONÔMICO E A FRONTEIRA DA DESIGUALDADE EM BURITIS (MG)
Authors: Oliveira Daniel Coelho , Barbosa Rômulo Soares
Published: November 2022

Desde o período colonial a agricultura ocupou um importante papel na constituição da economia e na formação social da nação brasileira. A monografia buscou analisar através de uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a literatura especializada e uma pesquisa de dados produzidos pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) e Fundação João Pinheiro (FJP) as relações existentes entre o processo de expansão do agronegócio durante a década de 1990 no Noroeste de Minas Gerais, E a produção de desigualdades sócio-econômicas naquela região, bem como os efeitos sócio-econômicos dele derivados, tendo como referencial empírico o município de Buritis (MG).
ESPAÇO URBANO E VIOLÊNCIA: UMA CONTRIBUIÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA
Authors: Santos Márcia Andréia Ferreira , Ramires Julio Cesar de Lima
Published: November 2022

Este artigo apresenta uma revisão da bibliografia referente à violência urbana, destacando aspectos relacionados à caracterização dos eventos violentos e os fatores que os predispõem. Além disso, são tecidos alguns comentários sobre a violência urbana no Brasil, e são apresentados os eventos violentos mais freqÃ¼entes, a exemplo do homicídio e do roubo.
DIAGNÓSTICO GEOAMBIENTAL DA ÁREA DO ENTORNO DO RESERVATÓRIO DA USINA HIDRELÉTRICA DE TOMBOS, PARA FINS DE RECUPERAÇÃO DE ÁREAS DEGRADADAS
Authors: Calderano Filho Braz , Andrade Aluísio Granato de , Polivanov Helena , Guerra Antônio José Teixeira , Ramalho Filho Antônio
Published: November 2022

O objetivo do trabalho foi realizar o diagnóstico geoambiental da área, onde foram mapeados os elementos componentes da paisagem solos, relevo, vegetação, uso e cobertura, todos na escala 1:10.000, incluindo informações socioeconômicas. Com as informações extraídas do diagnóstico, avaliou-se as potencialidades, fragilidades e limitação das terras. Para avaliação do potencial erosivo das terras gerou-se um mapa para a área do entorno com base em parâmetros de clima, solos, geologia, relevo, uso e cobertura das terras e vegetação. A integração desses fatores possibilitaram discriminar as diferentes classes de suscetibilidade à erosão. Os mapas temáticos, em meio analógico produzidos com o diagnóstico foram convertidos para o meio digital, com posterior cruzamento no SIG. Os resultados permitiram caracterizar os elementos componentes da paisagem com suas potencialidades e limitações, identificar áreas frágeis e indicar medidas de mitigação, visando reduzir o processo erosivo da bacia hidrográfica e o assoreamento do reservatório. A partir das informações geradas foi possível também, elaborar um plano de manejo conservacionista para a área de estudo, com base na realidade local, bem como subsidiar a revegetação do morro que circunda o reservatório com o plantio de espécies arbóreas.
A EXPANSÃO TERRITORIAL URBANA E O PROGRAMA DE DESFAVELAMENTO E LOTEAMENTOS URBANIZADOS
Authors: Silva Rones Borges
Published: November 2022

Neste trabalho, realizamos a análise de loteamentos surgidos por meio do "Programa de Desfavelamento e Loteamentos Urbanizados", avaliando o nível maior ou menor de articulação desses loteamentos ao conjunto da área urbana de Presidente Prudente. Observamos a ocorrência e o grau de segregação socioespacial existentes, a partir da constatação do nível de integração entre os moradores dos loteamentos e o restante da cidade, bem como do grau de acesso que têm aos meios de consumo coletivo. Vimos como a produção do espaço e, especialmente, a produção de descontinuidade do tecido urbano, auxilia na constituição da segregação socioespacial. Isso é notável quando percebemos as diferenças de acesso à cidade em relação aos loteamentos estudados. No Parque Shiraiwa, loteamento que se encontra em região onde há bairros bem servidos de equipamentos públicos, observamos um grande nível de obtenção dos meios de consumo coletivo pelos moradores do loteamento. Já nos casos do Conjunto Brasil Novo e, principalmente, do Jardim Morada do Sol, verificamos como a implantação de assentamentos habitacionais em locais distantes e descontínuos ao tecido urbano acarreta uma baixa mobilidade espacial, gerando, assim, áreas urbanas marcadas por condições claras de segregação socioespacial.
EMPRESAS NACIONAIS E CAPITAL ESTRANGEIRO: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE O PROCESSO DE PRIVATIZAÇÃO NO BRASIL
Authors: Silva Saulo Rondinelli Xavier da
Published: November 2022

Esse artigo trata de uma análise sobre o processo de privatização de empresas nacionais. Com o objetivo de elaborar essa análise, buscamos reconhecer que o Brasil é dotado de diversas empresas, dos múltiplos setores, além disso sempre ganhou destaque no mercado externo devido à exportação de matérias-primas, no entanto, está surgindo como importador de produtos dos diversos setores, modelos sociais e até culturais. As privatizações aparecem por aqui como uma alternativa "viávelï¿½?, porém só é feita em empresas e patrimônios que jamais devem ser entregues ao exterior. A tão divulgada (pela imprensa) privatização parece ser algo derivado ou que deriva a modernidade. Mas também só o lado esplendoroso do processo é divulgado, nunca o cidadão é informado acerca das possíveis consequências de uma privatização. Para tal, elaboramos abordagens críticas através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, cujas discussões resultam em convidar o leitor para uma reflexão sobre o processo de privatização existente no Brasil e a participação direta da sociedade nesse processo.
QUALIDADE AMBIENTAL E DE VIDA: UMA ANÁLISE QUALITATIVA DO PARQUE DO SABIÁ EM UBERLÂNDIA - MG
Authors: Pina José Hermano Almeida , Santos Douglas Gomes dos
Published: November 2022

Dentro do contexto da relação entre qualidade de vida e qualidade ambiental, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar qualitativamente o Parque do Sabiá, localizado na cidade de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. Com isso, a qualidade ambiental urbana passa a ser um importante indicador de qualidade de vida, e as áreas verdes urbanas - enquanto categorias de espaços livres de construção no ambiente urbano - assumem um importante papel, já que suas funções vão desde os benefícios ecológicos propriamente ditos - extremamente necessários na cidade - até a oferta de espaços para lazer e recreação direcionados para a população. Metodologicamente, foi feita uma pesquisa por meio de questionário estruturado com os frequentadores do Parque - realidade interna -, e também com residências localizadas no seu entorno imediato e distante - realidade externa. Foi possível evidenciar a grande importância desta área verde para a cidade de Uberlândia, levando-se em conta os diversos usos dos atuais equipamentos no interior do Parque; além disso, observou-se a grande importância que a qualidade ambiental exerce na qualidade de vida das populações urbanas.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DOS DADOS DAS VARIÁVEIS CLIMÁTICAS NAS PESQUISAS EM GEOGRAFIA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO EMPREGANDO A PRECIPITAÇÃO PLUVIOMÉTRICA
Authors: Oliveira Aristeu Geovani de
Published: November 2022

O conjunto dos dados das variáveis climáticas constitui uma das bases fundamental para as pesquisas em Geografia, uma vez que estes oferecem uma série de informações primárias que, a partir de distintos métodos científicos, podem ser analisadas e discutidas, objetivando a elaboração de uma tese. Nas pesquisas geográficas que envolvem a climatologia e a meteorologia, os dados meteorológicos constituintes do sistema climático (variáveis climáticas) são os elementos sobre os quais a ciência se debruça para a elaboração de um caminho teórico-metodológico que culmine com a constatação de uma tese minuciosa e detalhada sobre o fato em questão. Assim, este texto é um ensaio que emprega uma análise primária de dados reais de precipitação pluviométrica relacionando-os com a produção de arroz no município de Jataí - Goiás, no período de 1990 a 2004, a fim de discutir a importância e significado do universo dos dados dos elementos do clima para o desenvolvimento das pesquisas em Geografia, neste caso em específico, relacionadas à produção agrícola.