bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPONENTES NÃO CARCAÇA DE BOVINOS NELORE ABATIDOS COM DIFERENTES PESOS
Authors: Vaz Fabiano Nunes , Restle João , Pádua João Teodoro , Fonseca Cristiane Amorim , Pascoal Leonir Luiz , Severo Marcelo Machado
Published: August 2015

Resumo

O objetivo do experimento foi realizar a avaliação do rendimento de componentes não carcaça provenientes do abate de machos Nelore, não castrados, abatidos com diferentes pesos. Foram utilizados 40 animais com peso corporal médio de 350 kg no inicio do confinamento. Em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, os animais foram divididos em quatro grupos: animais 0 e 2 dentes, com peso de carcaça de até 238,0 kg (jovens e carcaças leves); animais 2 dentes com peso de carcaça variando de 238,1 a 258,0 kg (jovens e carcaças médias); animais 2 dentes com peso de carcaça superior a 258,0 kg (jovens e carcaças pesadas) e animais com 4 ou 6 dentes, independente do peso de carcaça (adultos). Os animais foram confinados por 84 dias com dieta calculada para atingir ganho de peso médio de 1,2 kg/dia. O peso do couro foi maior nos animais jovens e pesados em relação aos jovens e leves e aos adultos. Foi verificada diferença no percentual de fígado, que foi maior nos animais jovens pesados (1,91%) em relação aos jovens com carcaça média (1,49%). A análise econômica mostrou que os animais jovens com carcaça pesada deixam a maior receita com componentes não carcaça (R$ 208,00), seguidos dos jovens médios (R$ 193,56), sendo a receita dos animais adultos e dos jovens e leves R$ 21,42 e R$ 23,42, respectivamente, inferior aos primeiros. Os componentes não carcaça agregam à indústria de R$ 0,71 a R$ 0,80 por quilograma de carcaça.
SEROLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF EXPOSURE TO Anaplasma phagocytophilum IN HORSES FROM THE RIO DE JANEIRO STATE MOUNTED POLICE BRED IN THE URBAN ZONE
Authors: Rolim Marcia Farias , Oliveira Francisco Carlos Rodrigues de , Graça Flavio Augusto Soares , Brasil Fernanda da Costa
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Anaplasma phagocytophilum is an emergent hemoparasite in regions where ticks are regularly found. In order to investigate the rate of anti-A. phagocytophilum antibody in horses of the Mounted Police of Rio de Janeiro state and therefore the presence of this agent, 41 horses from the Cavalry Squadron (CS) and 50 from the Regiment of Mounted Police (RMP) were selected. For the serologic diagnosis the Indirect Fluorescent Antibody test was performed. In the present work, among 91 equine sera samples anti-A. phagocytophilum antibodies, with titer ≥ 1:80, were detected in 11 animals (12%), being five (5%) from males and six (7%) females, with no statistical difference. The adult animals with ages varying between five and 14 years presented the highest rate of positive reaction, although antibodies were detected in animals of all ages. We did not observe statistic differences in relation to the presence of anti-A. phagocytophilum antibodies among the animals bred in the CS and RMP. The presence of anti-A.phagocytophilim antibodies in horses of the Mounted Police with no clinical signs is indicative that the parasite is present in the enzootic form among the horses of the urban area. The circulation of the parasite among the animals is not dependent of the presence of tick infestations.
UTILIZAÇÃO DE DIFERENTES DILUENTES NA CRIOPRESERVAÇÃO DE ESPERMATOZOIDES DE GARANHÕES MANGALARGA MARCHADOR
Authors: Nascimento Jessica Neri , Blume Hélio , Oliveira Francisco José Gonçalves , Oliveira Rodrigo Arruda
Published: August 2015

Resumo

As biotécnicas aplicadas à reprodução animal como inseminação artificial, transferência e produção in vitro de embriões, indução e sincronização de cio e congelamento de gametas vêm sendo cada vez mais utilizadas na prática veterinária. No entanto, algumas biotécnicas ainda não alcançaram o seu total aperfeiçoamento técnico na reprodução equina, como a criopreservação de sêmen. Objetivou-se avaliar as características pós-descongelamento (motilidade total, vigor e integridade de membrana plasmática e acrosomal) dos espermatozoides de garanhões da raça Mangalarga Marchador (n=5), empregando-se três diluentes de criopreservação. Após a colheita, o sêmen foi diluído na proporção de 1:1 em meio à base de leite em pó desnatado e centrifugado a 600 G por 10 minutos. Após a centrifugação, o sobrenadante foi desprezado e o pellet obtido dividido e ressuspendido com Botucrio, FR5 ou FR6. As amostras foram envasadas em palhetas de 0,5 mL sendo a concentração ajustada para 200x106espermatozoides/mL. As palhetas foram distribuídas em uma plataforma-suporte e estabilizadas a 5 ºC/60 min., em refrigerador comercial. Para o congelamento, as palhetas, posicionadas horizontalmente, foram expostas por 15 minutos ao vapor de nitrogênio líquido, em uma caixa de isopor, a 6 cm acima do nível de nitrogênio líquido. Logo em seguida, as palhetas foram imersas no nitrogênio líquido, acondicionadas em raques e estocadas em botijão criogênico a -196 ºC, para posterior avaliação. Não houve diferença para as variáveis motilidade, vigor e integridade das membranas plasmática e acrossomais quando se utilizaram diluentes que contêm a associação de amidas e glicerol (Botucrio e FR6; P>0,05). As variáveis seminais no diluente contendo apenas glicerol foram inferiores em todas as avaliações (P<0,05). A utilização de crioprotetores como a metilformamida, em associação com concentrações de 1 ou 2% de glicerol é uma alternativa para a criopreservação do sêmen de garanhões da raça Mangalarga Marchador.
INTERCEPTAÇÕES DE PRODUTOS DE ORIGEM ANIMAL EM FRONTEIRAS TERRESTRES NO BRASIL
Authors: Eidt Mirela Janice , Sá Marcos Eielson Pinheiro de , McManus Concepta Margareth , Melo Cristiano Barros de
Published: August 2015

Resumo

Agentes infecciosos e doenças dos animais podem atravessar fronteiras terrestres e contribuir para a alteração do estado sanitário de países. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi, através de um estudo retrospectivo, identificar os principais produtos de origem animal interceptados e apreendidos em três unidades de vigilância agropecuária (Uvagros/MAPA) localizadas em fronteiras terrestres (secas) na região Norte do Brasil: Assis Brasil e Epitaciolândia, no Acre, e Pacaraima, em Roraima, respectivamente fronteiras com o Peru, Bolívia e Venezuela. Os principais produtos interceptados e apreendidos no trânsito internacional de veículos e passageiros em duas das três unidades foram laticínios, pescados, carnes, embutidos, de uso veterinário e para uso na alimentação animal (ração, medicamentos e insumos) e apícolas. Devem ser melhor avaliadas as possibilidades de introdução de agentes infecciosos e de doenças que podem ameaçar o Brasil, considerando os tipos de produtos apreendidos, considerando o estado sanitário dos países aqui estudados, em face da natureza clandestina do trânsito dos animais e seus produtos por estas fronteiras terrestres.
DESEMPENHO PONDERAL E REPRODUTIVO NO PERÍODO DAS ÁGUAS DE NOVILHAS PRIMÍPARAS NELORE COM COMPLEMENTO PROTEICO PRÉVIO NA SECA
Authors: Nogueira Ana Paula Carneiro , Alvarenga Paula Batista de , Ferreira Isabel Cristina , Rios Maisa Paschoal , Silva Cecilia Rodrigues
Published: August 2015

Resumo

Objetivou-se avaliar, no período chuvoso, o efeito da complementação no período seco com proteinado, em novilhas primíparas Nelore por meio de parâmetros produtivos e reprodutivos. Para isto, foram utilizadas 39 fêmeas bovinas entre 24-36 meses, em pastagens de Brachiaria brizantha e Brachiaria decumbens por 205 dias, pesadas a cada 28 dias, após jejum de 12 horas. O delineamento experimental foi em parcelas subdivididas, sendo os dois tratamentos distribuídos em duas parcelas, os seis períodos na sub parcela e os animais foram a repetição. As variáveis analisadas foram peso, altura de garupa, escore corporal, ganho em peso médio diário e crescimento médio mensal com valores de, respectivamente, 318,5 Kg, 142 cm, 3,24, 0,580 Kg e 2,55 cm para os animais previamente complementados e 309,6 Kg, 141 cm, 3,23, 0,584 Kg e 2,29 cm para os animais não complementados, não apresentando diferenças entre os dois grupos experimentais. A taxa de prenhez dos animais complementados foi de 57% e não diferiu dos não complementados (45%). A taxa de parição foi de 100% nos dois grupos experimentais. No período chuvoso após a complementação, as novilhas que não receberam complementação prévia no período seco do ano apresentaram desempenho ponderal e reprodutivo semelhante ao das complementadas.
INCLUSÃO DE FARELO DE GOIABA NA DIETA DE CODORNAS EUROPÉIAS
Authors: Camelo Luiz Carlos Lemos , Lana Geraldo Roberto Quintão , Santos Marcos José Batista dos , Camelo Yruama Adliede Ribeiro Prates , Marinho Andreza Lourenço , Rabello Carlos Bôa-Viagem
Published: August 2015

Resumo

Este experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de analisar o desempenho e características de carcaça de codornas europeias alimentadas com resíduo da agroindústria da goiaba em substituição ao milho. Foram utilizadas 140 aves, distribuídas em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Os tratamentos consistiram em uma ração controle e quatro rações com níveis de inclusão 2,5; 5,0; 7,5 e 10,0% de farelo de goiaba em uma ração à base de milho e farelo de soja. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas (P>0,05) para as variáveis: ganho de peso, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar, eficiência alimentar, peso e rendimento de carcaça e cortes nobres (peito, coxa e sobre-coxa) asas, dorso, pescoço cabeça, pés e órgãos comestíveis (coração, fígado e moela). O farelo de goiaba pode ser utilizado como ingrediente alternativo nas dietas de codornas europeias, no período de 16 a 38 dias de idade, até o nível de 10% de inclusão, sem deprimir o desempenho produtivo e rendimento de carcaças das aves.
CLINICAL, HEMATOLOGICAL, AND SEMINAL ALTERATIONS AND PARASITEMIA OF MALE GOATS EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED WITH Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Santana Luís Fernando , Gaspar Roberta Cordeiro , Rossi Gabriel Augusto Marques , Nascentes Gabriel Antônio Nogueira , Rodrigues Eliana Aparecida , Oliveira Gilson Pereira de , Costa Alvimar José da
Published: August 2015

Abstract:

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease that affects reproductive performance in small ruminants. Although the Toxoplasma gondii life cycle is well understood since 1960s, several aspects related to its infection remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the effects of T. gondiiexperimental infection, and the influence on clinical, hematological, parasitemia and seminal parameters in male goats. Nine animals were selected and distributed in three groups: GI (n=3) – control group (placebo) orally inoculated with saline solution; GII (n=3) – subcutaneously inoculated with 1 x 106 tachyzoites of T. gondii; and GIII (n=3) – orally inoculated with 2 x 105 oocysts of T. gondii. After that, clinical exams, serological tests, hemograms, parasitemia determination and semen evaluation were performed. Reciprocal serological titers had highest values of 4096 in both groups of goats infected with T. gondii,confirming the experimental infections. However, we could not observe clinical changes (except for mild hyperthermia on the 5th DAI in one of the animals - GIII) or in hematimetric parameters. Although there were some statistically significant changes (P <0.05) on the percentages of pathology and sperm concentrations in some of the dates between the infected and control animals, these changes were not associated with toxoplasmic infection. Infection was associated with animal handling methods and environmental factors.
GESTATIONAL ECHO BIOMETRY IN BRACHYCEPHALIC PREGNANT BITCHES
Authors: Feliciano Marcus Antônio Rossi , Maciel Giovanna Serpa , Coutinho Leandro Nassar , Almeida Vívian Tavares , Uscategui Ricardo Ramirez , Vicente Wilter Ricardo Russiano
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Ultrasonography is an accurate pregnancy diagnostic method, besides being completely innocuous for female and fetuses evaluation. The objective of this paper was to determine the reference values for gestational echo biometry of different breeds of bitches. A total of 25 multiparous females were included in the experiment, five English Bulldog bitches, five Pugs and 15 Shih Tzu, weighing 4-25 kg and aged 4-6 years. The echo biometric assessments were performed during the 2nd, 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th weeks of pregnancy, including gestational vesicle diameter, femur length, placenta thickness, parietal diameter, liver, heart and abdominal diameter and area. Early echo biometric study started at the second week of gestation. Measurements like fetal heart and liver diameter and area are still poorly studied, but can provide useful information for early detection of congenital anomalies that may reduce the viability of pregnancy. The significant results (P < 0.001) obtained for biometrics (P < 0.001) of the parietal (r2 = 81%) and abdominal diameter (r2 = 86%), abdominal area (r2 = 80%), femur length (r2 = 84%), cardiac length (r2 = 79%), width (r2 = 79%), area (r2 = 82%) and volume (r2= 72%) and liver area (r2 = 71%) in brachycephalic conceptus may help to assess the development of fetuses, complementing the conventional gestational ultrasound of bitches and become a model for the study in other breeds of dogs and alternative animal species.
PREVALÊNCIA DE ANTICORPOS CONTRA ARBOVÍRUS DA FAMÍLIA Bunyaviridae EM BÚFALOS DE ÁGUA
Authors: Casseb Alexandre Rosário , Silva Sandro Patroca , Casseb Livia Medeiros Neves , Chiang Jannifer Oliveira , Martins Lívia Carício , Vasconcelos Pedro Fernando Costa
Published: August 2015

Resumo

O Estado do Pará corresponde a 26% da Amazônica brasileira, onde uma grande quantidade de Arbovírus tem sido descrito. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a prevalência de anticorpos detectados pela técnica de inibição de hemaglutinação contra nove tipos diferentes de arbovírus da família Bunyaviridae, sendo oito do gênero Orthobunyavirus: vírus Guaroa, vírus Maguari, vírus Tacaiuma, vírus Utinga, vírus Belem, vírus Caraparu, vírus Oropouche e vírus Catue um do gênero Phlebovirus: vírus Icoaraci, em soros de búfalos de água no Estado do Pará, Brasil. Para todos os Arbovírus investigados houve presença de anticorpos, com exceção do vírus Belém.Anticorpos para o vírus Maguari foram mais prevalentes (7,33%). O rebanho bubalino do presente estudo mostrou variáveis níveis de anticorpos em reações heterotípicas e monotípicas podendo indicar que há circulação da maioria dos bunyavírus estudados em búfalos domésticos no estado do Pará, e que o vírus Maguari é o de maior circulação. Por isso, são necessários outros estudos para investigar o papel dos búfalos de água na manutenção e dispersão de arbovírus, assim como se esses vírus podem causar enfermidades na referida espécie, principalmente, em casos de defeitos congênitos e abortamentos.
PERFIL HEMATOLÓGICO DE OVELHAS SANTA INÊS SUPLEMENTADAS A PASTO NO TERÇO FINAL DE GESTAÇÃO E NO PÓS-PARTO
Authors: Pereira Fabrício Brandão , Bezerra Leilson Rocha , Marques Carlo Aldrovandi Torreão , Araújo Marcos Jácome de , Torreão Jacira Neves da Costa , Machado Luciana Pereira
Published: August 2015

Resumo

Objetivou-se avaliar a influência do nível de suplementação com concentrado sobre o perfil hematológico de ovelhas Santa Inês no terço final da gestação e puerpério, assim como dos cordeiros. Utilizaram-se onze ovelhas, aos 75 últimos dias de gestação e nos primeiros 75 dias de lactação e oito cordeiros progênie das ovelhas, distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em arranjo de parcelas subdivididas no tempo. As amostras de sangue foram colhidas sempre pela manhã a cada 14 dias. A suplementação não afetou (P>0,05) o eritrograma e o leucograma dos animais e os componentes sanguíneos avaliados encontraram-se dentro do intervalo de referência para a espécie. A categoria animal influenciou (P<0,05) os valores de hemácias, observando-se os maiores valores (11,72 x 106/µL) para os cordeiros. Os cordeiros apresentaram valores inferiores (3073,3/µL) de neutrófilos em comparação com as ovelhas, seja na gestação (4957,6/µL) ou no puerpério (4067,3/µL), que não diferiram entre si (P>0,05). Já na contagem de linfócitos, os valores encontrados nos cordeiros (2858,8/µL) foram semelhantes aos das fêmeas gestantes (2982,0/µL); as fêmeas em lactação (4119,8/µL) apresentaram os maiores valores. A suplementação com concentrado (0,5% do PV) no pré e pós-parto não altera o perfil eritrocitário e leucocitário de ovelhas Santa Inês, sendo as maiores diferenças observadas entre as ovelhas das duas categorias e os cordeiros.
DESCRIÇÃO DAS AÇÕES DE VIGILÂNCIA EM FOCOS DA DOENÇA DE AUJESZKY
Authors: Oliveira Luís Guilherme de , Oliveira Maria Emilia Franco , Alexandrino Bruna , Gatto Igor Renan Honorato , Almeida Henrique Meiroz de Souza , Samara Samir Issa
Published: August 2015

Resumo

A doença de Aujeszky (DA) é conhecida na suinocultura pelo seu grande impacto produtivo e econômico. Este trabalho teve como objetivo a descrição das ações de defesa sanitária animal utilizadas na identificação de focos dessa enfermidade. Foram selecionadas duas situações de foco de DA que ocorreram no Município de Cerqueira César, um caso apresentando somente animais sororreagentes (Foco 1) e outro em que havia animais com sinais clínicos da enfermidade (Foco 2). Estão descritos os métodos de identificação de focos utilizados nas ações de vigilância e o diagnóstico da situação epidemiológica encontrada. As medidas aplicadas na erradicação dos focos nos sistemas de produção de suínos infectados foram as prescritas na legislação de defesa sanitária animal e todos os focos identificados foram eliminados. Ao final, concluiu-se que as ações de defesa sanitária e a legislação em vigor foram eficazes, demonstrando que os sistemas de notificações das suspeitas da enfermidade são facilitadores das ações de vigilância.
MONITORAMENTO DE POSITIVIDADE PARA Schistosoma mansoni EM ROEDORES Holochilus sp. NATURALMENTE INFECTADOS
Authors: Miranda Guilherme Silva , Rodrigues João Gustavo Mendes , Lira Maria Gabriela Sampaio , Nogueira Ranielly Araújo , Gomes Gleycka Cristine Carvalho , Silva-Souza Nêuton
Published: August 2015

Resumo

A ocorrência de mamíferos não humanos como reservatório da esquistossomose sempre foi um fator agravante a ser estudado. Roedores da família dos cricetídeos, como o Nectomys sp, parecem desempenhar importante papel na potencialização da disseminação da mesma. No entanto, para Holochilus sp (Rodentia: Cricetidae),encontrado no Maranhão, estudos com essa finalidade parecem pouco elucidativos. Desse modo, objetivou-se analisar o índice de infecção desses animais por S. mansoni na cidade de São Bento - MA, área endêmica para o parasito. Para tanto, foi realizado um monitoramento desses roedores durante 12 meses, através de armadilhas do tipo Tomahawk para captura e triplicatas de lâminas cropológicas, confeccionadas por meio do kit Kato-Katz, para exame parasitológico. Foram contabilizados um total de 101 roedores, sendo que 28,7% apresentaram- se naturalmente infectados para S. mansoni,(17,3% fêmeas e 82,7% machos). Tal análise evidenciou que, por mês, uma média de 2,4 roedores estavam infectados para o período de um ano. Sendo possível encontrar animais positivos em quase todas as coletas. Portanto, o roedor Holochilus sp. é um possível candidato à manutenção do ciclo da esquistossomose na região em estudo.
PRODUÇÃO IN VITRO DE EMBRIÕES UTILIZANDO-SE SÊMEN SEXADO DE TOUROS 5/8 GIROLANDO
Authors: Nascimento Pábola Santos , Chaves Maiana Silva , Santos Filho Antônio Santana dos , Guido Sebastião Inocêncio , Guerra Maria Madalena Pessoa , Bartolomeu Cláudio Coutinho
Published: August 2015

Resumo

Avaliou-se a taxa de produção de blastocisto "in vitro"utilizando-se o sêmen bovino sexado. Foram utilizados três reprodutores para verificar a variação individual do sêmen, taxas de clivagem e produção embrionária. O trabalho utilizou-se de biotécnicas reprodutivas, análise computadorizada do sêmen pós-descongelação e sondas fluorescentes para análises de integridade da célula espermática (membrana plasmática, membrana acrossomal e potencial mitocondrial). Um total de 959 oócitos passou por etapas de maturação in vitro, fertilização in vitro (sexado, n= 473; convencional, n = 486) e cultivo in vitro. A taxa de clivagem foi observada no D2 e a de blastocistos no D7. Os dados foram analisados pelo programa SPSS 16.0 empregando-se a análise de variância (ANOVA), sendo o teste t-Student usado para detectar diferenças entre os grupos e o Qui-quadrado para análise dos resultados da produção in vitro(P< 0,05). Os resultados diferiram entre o sêmen convencional (31,06%) e sexado (21,10%) para produção de blastocisto. Quando comparada a produção de blastocisto individualmente nas amostras de sêmen sexado (27,69%; 17,93% e 25,56%, touros 1, 2 e 3, respectivamente), percebeu-se que T2 < T1 e T1=T3 e T2=T3. Quanto às análises de cinética espermática, as amostras de sêmen sexado mostraram diferenças entre os touros nas variáveis velocidade curvilínea, velocidade linear e velocidade do trajeto em que o T1(117,7±1,6 µm/s; 60,0±0,3 µm/s; 73,6±0,4 µm/s, respectivamente) quando comparado aos touros T2 (80,2±2,3 µm/s; 47,0±2,0 µm/s; 57,7±0,9 µm/s, respectivamente) e T3 (86,4±5,7 µm/s; 46,2±2,7 µm/s; 53,8±2,8 µm/s, respectivamente) obteve valores mais elevados. As análises da integridade da célula espermática não diferiram entre as amostras de sêmen convencional, já no sêmen sexado a integridade de membrana foi a variável que diferiu estatisticamente entre os touros, em que o T1 (38 ±2,7) diferiu do T3(53,8± 1,8) (P=0,009), mas não divergiu do T2 (44,1±4,4). É possível concluir que o sêmen sexado foi menos eficiente na produção de blastocisto quando comparado ao sêmen convencional. As análises de cinética e de integridade foram compatíveis com o potencial fertilizante das amostras de sêmen em touros da raça 5/8 Girolando.
FORMAÇÃO E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DO PLEXO BRAQUIAL EM PAPAGAIOS VERDADEIROS (Amazona aestiva, Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Silva Rayssa Marley Nóbrega da , Figueiredo Paula de Oliveira , Santana Marcelo Ismar
Published: August 2015

Resumo

Procedimentos anestésicos locais são realizados comumente em aves domésticas e silvestres, por ser de baixo custo e de rápida indução, desde que feitos com precisão, o que requer conhecimento anatômico específico da área a ser operada. Este trabalho objetivou estabelecer a origem e a distribuição do plexo braquial do papagaio verdadeiro (Amazona aestiva), através da dissecação da pele e da musculatura de 22 papagaios (17 machos e 5 fêmeas), provenientes do Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres do Distrito Federal, após óbito motivado por causas naturais, promovendo o isolamento das raízes formadoras do plexo braquial, bem como de sua ramificação. O plexo braquial foi formado através de quatro troncos, envolvendo os ramos ventrais dos segmentos medulares de C9 a C10, C10 a C11, C11 a T1 e T1 a T2, que se uniram em um curto tronco comum, ramificado em cordões dorsal e ventral. O tronco comum emitiu os delgados nervos subcoracóide e subescapular, além do ramo para o músculo escapuloumeral. O cordão dorsal deu origem aos nervos anconeal, axilar e radial, e o cordão ventral, os nervos peitoral cranial, peitoral caudal, coracobraquial e medianoulnar, cujos ramos supriram os músculos dos compartimentos extensor e flexor do membro torácico, músculos peitorais e pele sobrejacente.
Community ecology of the metazoan parasites of Brazilian sardinella, Sardinella brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1879) (Actinopterygii: Clupeidae) from the coastal zone of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Moreira J , Paschoal F , Cezar AD , Luque JL
Published: August 2015

AbstractBetween March 2010 and August 2011 were necropsied 100 specimens of Sardinella brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1879), from the coast of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (22°51’S, 43°56’W), to study their community of metazoan parasites. All specimens of S. brasiliensis were parasitized by at least one species of metazoan parasite, with mean of 68.7 ± 71.2 parasites/fish. Eleven species were collected: 3 digeneans, 1 monogenean, 2 cestodes, 3 nematodes and 2 copepods. The digenean Myosaccium ecaude Montgomery was the most abundant, prevalent, and dominant species, representing 72.7% of metazoan parasites collected, showing positive correlation between host’s total length and parasite abundance. Total parasite abundance was positively correlated with host’s total length. Three pairs of adult endoparasites showed significant positive association and covariation. The parasite community of S. brasiliensis showed dominance by digeneans. Sardinella brasiliensis represents new host record for most found parasite species.
Angiogenic activity of latex from Euphorbia tirucalliLinnaeus 1753 (Plantae, Euphorbiaceae)
Authors: Bessa G , Melo-Reis PR , Araújo LA , Mrué F , Freitas GB , Brandão ML , Silva Júnior NJ
Published: August 2015

AbstractTo assess the pro-angiogenic activity of Euphorbia tirucalli, commonly known as “avelós” plant, we performed a series of tests by applying an aqueous E. tirucalli latex solution (10 mg/mL) to the chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs) of 80 fertilized chicken eggs incubated in a temperature- and humidity-controlled automatic incubator. The results indicated that the aqueous latex solution increased vascular network formation compared to that with the negative control (p < 0.05) and the inhibitor control (p < 0.05). This suggests that under the experimental conditions tested, the aqueous latex solution induced an inflammatory response leading to neoangiogenesis.
Reduced expression of exocytotic proteins caused by anti-cholinesterase pesticides in Brachionus calyciflorus (Rotifera: Monogononta)
Authors: Pérez-Legaspi IA , Rico-Martínez R , Quintanar JL
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe organophosphate and carbamate pesticides methyl-parathion and carbaryl have a common action mechanism: they inhibit acetylcholinesterase enzyme by blocking the transmission of nerve impulses. However, they can alter the expression of exocytotic membrane proteins (SNARE), by modifying release of neurotransmitters and other substances. This study evaluated the adverse effects of the pesticides methyl-parathion and carbaryl on expression of SNARE proteins: Syntaxin-1, Syntaxin-4 and SNAP-23 in freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus. Protein expression of these three proteins was analyzed before and after exposure to these two pesticides by Western Blot. The expression of Syntaxin-1, Syntaxin-4 and SNAP-23 proteins in B. calyciflorussignificantly decreases with increasing concentration of either pesticides. This suggests that organophosphates and carbamates have adverse effects on expression of membrane proteins of exocytosis by altering the recognition, docking and fusion of presynaptic and vesicular membranes involved in exocytosis of neurotransmitters. Our results demonstrate that the neurotoxic effect of anticholinesterase pesticides influences the interaction of syntaxins and SNAP-25 and the proper assembly of the SNARE complex.
Plant zonation in a tropical irregular estuary: can large occurrence zones be explained by a tradeoff model?
Authors: Ribeiro JPN , Matsumoto RS , Takao LK , Lima MIS
Published: August 2015

AbstractEstuaries present an environmental gradient that ranges from almost fresh water conditions to almost marine conditions. Salinity and flooding are the main abiotic drivers for plants. Therefore, plant zonation in estuaries is closely related to the tidal cycles. It is expected that the competitive abilities of plants would be inversely related to the tolerance toward environmental stress (tradeoff). Thus, in estuaries, plant zonation tends to be controlled by the environment near the sandbar and by competition away from it. This zonation pattern has been proposed for regular non-tropical estuaries. For tropical estuaries, the relative importance of rain is higher, and it is not clear to what extent this model can be extrapolated. We measured the tidal influence along the environmental gradient of a tropical irregular estuary and quantified the relative importance of the environment and the co-occurrence degree. Contrary to the narrow occurrence zone that would be expected for regular estuaries, plants presented large occurrence zones. However, the relative importance of the environment and competition followed the same patterns proposed for regular estuaries. The environmental conditions allow plants to occur in larger zones, but these zones arise from smaller and infrequent patches distributed across a larger area, and most species populations are concentrated in relatively narrow zones. Thus, we concluded that the zonation pattern in the Massaguaçu River estuary agrees with the tradeoff model.
The presence of Microlobius foetidus cause changes in the antioxidant defense of Urochloa decumbens?
Authors: Silva CB , Rondon JN , Souza PF , Oliveira AMR , Santos GO , Kulik JD , Lima CP , Kerber VA , Dias JFG , Zanin SMW , Miguel OG , Miguel MD
Published: August 2015

AbstractUrochloa decumbens (Stapf) R. D. Webster (Poaceae) is an exotic species with has spread rapidly through the Cerrado area of Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. It has covered the soil aggressively turning it into cultivated pastures. Thus, it has become a challenge to protect native areas due its capacity of exclusion of native species. It has been observed that Microlobius foetidus (Jacq.) M.Sousa & G.Andrade species (Fabaceae) shows a dominant pattern over the development of U. decumbens. This work shows that M. foetidusinterfere on the natural growth of U. decumbens within 10 m ratio. Between 15 and 20 m, it was observed an increase of Importance Value index (IVI) and Relative cover (RC) values. It was also observed a variation on the antioxidant defense system of U. decumbens within 10m ratio from M. foetidus. The enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase present higher levels of activity then those found for glutathione reductase. This data indicates that M. foetidus may have an effect on U. decumbens, increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes. This effect probably happens as means to neutralize the toxic effects of the oxygen generated due to the presence of allelochemicals, which increases oxidative stress.
Functional diversity and functional traits of periphytic algae during a short-term successional process in a Neotropical floodplain lake
Authors: Dunck B , Rodrigues L , Bicudo DC
Published: August 2015

AbstractDue to the lack of knowledge in periphytic algae functional diversity patterns during successional processes in floodplains, the present study aimed to analyze the dynamics of the functional traits and functional diversity of periphytic species during a short-term successional process in a floodplain lake. The functional traits analyzed were size class, growth form, strength of attachment to the substratum, and functional strategies. We evaluated the dynamics of these traits, considering richness, density and biovolume during an 18-day colonization in two hydrological periods. The functional diversity was assessed using the mean pairwise distance index (MPD). Dominant functional traits during the colonization changed in association with the flood pulse. Under the pulse effect, higher development of C-S strategist, loosely attached, filamentous and nanoperiphytic species occurred. The highest values of functional diversity were associated with the algal biomass peak during the colonization and the high water hydrological period, possibly indicating greater efficiency in the ecosystem functioning. These findings show the importance of the functional traits approach in periphyton studies and that the selection of functional traits must be performed taking into account traits that represent the species niche.
Phytoplankton composition of the Itaparica and Xingó reservoirs, São Francisco River, Brazil
Authors: Aragão-Tavares NKC , Severiano JS , Moura AN
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe installation of dams causes changes to the integrity of rivers and to the water cycle, performing an instrumental role in the organization of biological communities, including that of phytoplankton. In the present study, we analyzed the taxonomic composition of phytoplankton in two hydroelectric reservoirs on the São Francisco River, Itaparica and Xingó reservoirs. Samples were collected at quarterly intervals between December 2007 and September 2009, at 12 sampling stations in each reservoir, totaling 92 samples. We identified 110 species in the Itaparica reservoir and 136 in the Xingó reservoir, of which diatoms followed by green algae, played a major contribution to both reservoirs. Most of the species is rare and/or occasional. In the Itaparica reservoir, there were no very frequent species, although in the Xingó this category was represented by the diatoms Aulacoseira granulata (Ehrenberg) Simonsen and Fragilaria crotonensis Kitton. These results show that, despite the similarity in the composition of phytoplankton, the reservoirs studied certainly differed regarding their environmental conditions.
Differences in the feeding of Rhamdia quelen (Siluriformes, Heptapteridae) in four distinct lotic systems
Authors: Villares Junior GA , Goitein R
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the food composition of Rhamdia quelen in four distinct order rivers. It was performed at a low part at the basin of the Sorocaba river in systems classified as first (Anastácio stream), second (Nego stream), fifth (Tatuí river) and sixth (Sorocaba river) orders. Collections were performed every month between January and December of 2011. The stomach contents were examined by using the alimentary index (IAi) and compared by the non-parametric method non-metric multidimensional scale ranking (NMDS) with the Spearman rank correlation. A diet difference was observed for individuals of the smaller systems (Anastácio and Nego streams) and the larger ones (Tatui and Sorocaba rivers), represented respectively by allochthonous and autochthonous organisms compounding their diets. Marginal vegetation and its interaction with the water conditions may respond to these composition differences.
Sperm cryopreservation of lane snapper Lutjanus synagris(Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Sanches EG , Oliveira IR , Serralheiro PCS , Cerqueira VR
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis study aims developing and evaluate a protocol of semen cryopreservation of the lane snapper Lutjanus synagris. Firstly, sperm motility rate, motility time, density and spermatocrit were appraised to characterize the sperm quality of the lane snapper. The effect of three extenders with distinct ionic compositions and pH values combined with seven concentrations of cryoprotector dimethylsulfoxide (0; 2.5; 5.0; 7.5; 10.0; 12.5 e 15.0%), five cooling rates (110, 90, 60, 45 e 30°C –min), nine equilibration time (1; 2,5; 5; 10; 15; 20; 25; 30 e 60 minutes) e five dilutions ratio (1:1; 1:3; 1:6; 1:10 e 1:20) on the sperm motility rate and motility time were analyzed. Fertilization test was accomplished to evaluate the viability of the cryopreserved sperm. The higher sperm motility rate and motility time (P<0.05) was achieved by combining extender with pH 8.2 with 10% concentration of dimethylsulfoxide and cooling rate 60°C –min, 1 minute of equilibration time and 1:3 (v/v) dilution ratio. The use of cryopreserved sperm presented fertilization rates >60% validating the present protocol for lane snapper. The cryoconserved sperm of lane snapper is a viable alternative, being possible to maintain appropriate sperm viability.
Multidimensional assessment of sustainability extractivism of mangrove oyster Crassostrea spp. in the estuary of Cananéia, São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Machado IC , Fagundes L , Henriques MB
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis study was carried out with groups of extractivists of mangrove oysters in the estuary of Cananéia, São Paulo State, Brazil, between the years 1999 and 2007 with the objective to evaluate and compare trends in the sustainability of this activity, in a multidimensional and integrated way, in social, economic, ecological, technological and ethical dimensions, using the method RAPFISH. The different groups had distinct trends related to sustainability and the social, technological and ethical dimensions had more influence on trends in sustainability than the ecological and economic dimensions. The group with the best performance in the sustainability assessment was Mandira, due to advances promoted by local social organization. On the other hand, the Porto Cubatão group showed the worst performance, once this is very recent group in the extractivism of oysters. The RAPFISH proved to be a useful tool for data assessment.
Reproductive features of the swimming crab Callinectes danae(Crustacea, Portunoidea) on the subtropical coast of Brazil: a sampling outside the estuary
Authors: Andrade LS , Antunes M , Lima PA , Furlan M , Frameschi IF , Fransozo A
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe life cycle of the crab Callinectes danae is estuarine-dependent, and studies on aspects of their biology should also cover marine areas. The present study investigated the sexual maturity, as well as habitat preference by adults in different gonadal stages, and the crabs’ reproductive periodicity outside the estuary. Three bays on the subtropical southeastern coast of Brazil were sampled monthly for two years. For each bay, six transects were established, four of them parallel to the beach line (5, 10, 15 and 20 m depth), as well as one transect in an exposed area, and another sheltered from the action of waves. The results showed that the pattern of spatio-temporal distribution of adults C. danae was similar in three bays, although the highest abundance was found in Ubatumirim. Females with developed gonads/ovigerous females were found in greater abundance than females with rudimentary/developing gonads, mainly in deeper transects. Although the areas sampled have different environmental characteristics, the reproductive pattern of the species did not change, showing continuous reproduction throughout, with more abundance of reproductive females on spring and summer. Males reached maturity at larger sizes than females in all three bays.
Axillary bud and pericycle involved in the thickening process of the rhizophore nodes in Smilax species
Authors: Appezzato-da-Glória B , Silva JM , Soares MKM , Soares AN , Martins AR
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe species of the genus Smilax, popularly known as sarsaparilla, are widely used in folk medicine due to the antirheumatic properties of its underground structures. Smilax fluminensis and S. syphilitica occur in forested areas and form thickened stems called rhizophores from which adventitious roots grow. To provide information for more accurate identification of the commercialised product and for elucidating the process of stem thickening, a morphology and anatomy study of the underground organs of the two species was conducted. The adventitious roots differ in colour and diameter depending on the stage of development. They are white and have a larger diameter in the early stages of development, but as they grow, the adventitious roots become brown and have a smaller diameter due to the disintegration of the epidermis and virtually the entire cortex. In brown roots, the covering function is then performed by the lignified endodermis and the remaining walls of the cells from the last parenchyma cortical layer. These results are similar to those found in studies of other Smilax and suggest that the anatomy of the roots can be useful for identifying fraud in commercialised materials. The thickening process of the nodal regions of the rhizophores in both species involves the activity of axillary buds and pericyclic layers.
Translation into Brazilian Portuguese, cultural adaptation and validation of the Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire
Authors: Conrad Carolina , Chamlian Therezinha Rosane , Ogasowara Monica Satomi , Pinto Marco Antonio Guedes Souza , Masiero Danilo
Published: August 2015

BACKGROUND: Quality of life has been one of the main issues for patients with a chronic condition.OBJECTIVE: To translate, adapt and validate a Brazilian Portuguese version of the Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire (PEQ).METHODS: The questionnaire was translated into Portuguese, back translated into English, and cross-culturally adapted to the Brazilian Population. Sixty-five transtibial unilateral amputees were recruited. The sample comprised 45 men and 20 women with a mean age of 44 years, 47 with traumatic amputations, 14 with vascular dysfunction and 4 with other reasons for amputation, and all of them fitted with prostheses. Patients were interviewed twice, at baseline and again after 15 days. The Brazilian Portuguese version of the SF-36 (a generic Quality of Life outcome measure) and the FIM (a Functional Independence Measure) were also administered.RESULTS: The internal consistency of the nine PEQ scales was tested by computing Cronbach's Alpha coefficients (0.65 - 0.89: high values). Student's t test coefficients were used for interobserver evaluation (0.35 to 084: reliable values with one exception- the Residual Limb Health scale), and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC), which ranged from 0.65 to 0.92: reliable values. Student's t test coefficients and ICCs were also used for intraobserver evaluation (0.42 to 0.83, except the Residual Limb Health scale and 0.80 to 0.94, respectively: reliable values). Correlations between PEQ, SF-36 and FIM were tested using Pearson's correlation coefficients, which were not statistically significant (p > 0, 01).CONCLUSION: The Brazilian-Portuguese version of the PEQ has high internal consistency and is a reliable quality of life measure for use in amputee patients, but is not associated with the SF-36 or FIM.
Vascular injuries in the state of Pará, Brazil, 2011-2013 and their relation with demographic and clinical variables
Authors: Soares Ludmylla Teixeira , Bastos Carina Corrêa , Koury Junior Adib , Pereira Aldo José Fontes
Published: August 2015

BACKGROUND:Vascular traumas are associated with high morbidity rates.OBJECTIVE: To report the characteristics of vascular traumas in the Brazilian state of Pará, in trauma victims treated at the Hospital Metropolitano de Urgência e Emergência (HMUE), from 2011 to 2013.METHOD: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective and quantitative study that analyzed data on sex, age group, geographical origin, time waiting for care, mechanism of trauma, clinical status, anatomic site of injury, prevalence of associated fractures, vascular structures injured, types of vascular injury, principal types of surgery, early postoperative outcomes, level of amputation, number of deaths, length of hospital stay and multidisciplinary care for 264 medical records.RESULTS: The majority of victims were male and the most common age group was from 16 to 30 years. The majority of cases were from towns other than the state capital, accounting for 169 cases (64.02%). The principal mechanism of injury was firearm wounding - 110 (41.67%) followed by cold weapon wounds - 65 (24.62%) and traffic accidents - 42 (15.91%). The segments of the body and the vascular structures most often injured were lower limbs - 120 (45.45%) and injuries to the popliteal and femoral arteries and veins. The most common clinical presentation at admission was hemorrhage - 154 (58.33%). The most common surgeries were ligatures of veins and arteries. There were 163 (61.74%) hospital discharges and 33 (12.5%) deaths.CONCLUSIONS: The greatest prevalence observed was related to traumas caused by urban violence. Victims were most frequently male, of working age and from towns other than the capital of the state of Pará.
Alternative grafts for brachioaxillary hemodialysis access: 1-year comparative results
Authors: Belczak Sergio Quilici , Abrão Sergio Ricardo , Bertoldi Vinicius , Cavaquini Thiago José , Slavo Luiz Felipe Mansano , Sincos Igor Rafael , Aun Ricardo
Published: August 2015

BACKGROUND: Many chronic renal patients lack autologous veins in the upper limbs suitable for construction of arteriovenous fistulas for hemodialysis. Alternative fistula options for these patients should be evaluated and compared.OBJECTIVE: To compare different types of grafts used for brachioaxillary access in hemodialysis patients in terms of their patency and complication rates.METHOD: Forty-nine patients free from arterial system abnormalities and with no venous options for creation of arteriovenous fistulae in the arm and/or forearm underwent brachioaxillary bypass with implantation of autologous saphenous vein, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or PROPATEN(r) grafts. Patients were assessed by Doppler ultrasonography at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery,.RESULTS: The four first saphenous vein grafts had failed by 3 or 6 months after surgery. The autologous saphenous vein group was discontinued at the beginning of the study because of extreme difficulty in achieving puncture and hematoma formation. Failure rates of PTFE and PROPATEN(r) grafts did not differ after 3 (p = 0.559), 6 (p = 0.920), or 12 months (p = 0.514). A log-rank test applied to cumulative survival of grafts at 1 year (0.69 for PTFE, 0.79 for PROPATEN(r)) detected no significant differences (p = 0.938). There were no differences in complications resulting in graft failure between the two types of prosthetic graft.CONCLUSION: Autologous saphenous vein grafts do not appear to be a good option for brachioaxillary hemodialysis access because of difficulties with achieving puncture. Brachioaxillary fistulae constructed using PTFE or PROPATEN(r) grafts exhibited similar patency and complication rates. Further studies with large samples size are warranted to confirm our findings.
Tissue characterization by photographic imaging during treatment of chronic venous ulcer: technical note
Authors: Santos Fernanda Thaysa Avelino dos , Rocha Camila Ataíde , Cunha Sergio Xavier Salles , Santos Thays Fernanda Avelino dos , Mélo Júnior Charles Hamilton , Lima Jéssika Medeiros de Barros , Costa Adriana Melo Barbosa , Pitta Guilherme Benjamin Brandão
Published: August 2015

Chronic venous ulcers are a medical challenge with a socioeconomic impact. Tissue characterization was quantified by photographic imaging (p-CATIM) of a leg wound treated with Unna boot for 45 days. Three photographs, taken pre-treatment, post Unna boot and post healing were analyzed. Brightness on a 0-255 gray image was re-scaled with black as 0 and adjacent skin as 200. Gray Scale Median (GSM) and the percentages of pixels in each of 14 brightness intervals were calculated. Open ulcer GSM increased from 110 to 159 post Unna boot treatment, reaching 203 post healing. Predominant brightness intervals for the ulcer were 41-153 pre-treatment, 83% of pixels; 133-196 post Unna boot, 80%; and 175-255 post healing, 97%. The GSM of the subcutaneous wound around the ulcer increased from 117 to 137 post healing; the proportion of pixels in the 91-174 interval increased from 67% to 88% (p<0.001). CATIM quantified photographic changes during venous ulcer healing with comparison to the adjacent skin.
Aortic thrombosis in a patient with a late diagnosis of Behcet's disease
Authors: Detanico Ana Bittencourt , Brandão Marcelo Luiz , Fernandes Ly de Freitas , Camelo Carolina Parreira Ribeiro , Santos Juliano Ricardo Santana dos
Published: August 2015

Behcet's disease is form of systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology. One surprising feature is that arterial involvement is less common in this disease than venous forms, accounting for 1 to 7% of patients. In 7 to 30% of cases the vascular symptoms precede the clinical diagnosis of Behcet. We describe the case of a patient with Thromboangiitis Obliterans who was treated with lumbar sympathectomy and an aortobiiliac bypass. Around 1 year later he was diagnosed with Behcet's disease after presenting with oral ulcers, genital ulcers and scaling lesions on the hands.