bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Channel Attention TextCNN with Feature Word Extraction for Chinese Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Liu Jiangwei , Yan Zian , Chen Sibao , Sun Xiao , Luo Bin
Published: November 2022

Chinese short text sentiment analysis can help understand society’s views on various hot topics. Many existing sentiment analysis methods are based on sentiment dictionaries. Still, sentiment dictionaries are easily affected by subjective factors. They require a lot of time to build as well as maintenance to prevent obsolescence. For the aim of extracting rich information within texts more effectively, we propose a Channel Attention TextCNN with Feature Word Extraction model (CAT-FWE). The feature word extraction module helps us choose words that affect the sentiment of reviews. Then, these words are integrated with multi-level semantic information to enhance the information of sentences. In addition, the channel attention textCNN module that is a promotion of traditional TextCNN tends to pay more attention to those meaningful features. It eliminates the impacts of features that do not make any sense effectively. We apply our CAT-FWE model to both fine-grained classification and binary classification tasks for Chinese short texts. Experiment results show that it can improve the performance of emotion recognition.
CodeFed: Federated Speech Recognition for Low-Resource Code-Switching Detection
Authors: Madan Chetan , Diddee Harshita , Kumar Deepika , Mittal Mamta
Published: November 2022

One common constraint in the practical application of speech recognition is Code Switching. The issue of code-switched languages is especially aggravated in the context of Indian languages – since most massively multilingual models are trained on corpora that are not representative of the diverse set of Indian languages. An associated constraint with such systems is the privacy-intrusive nature of the applications that aim to collate such representative data. To collectively mitigate both problems, this work presents CodeFed: A federated learning-based code-switching detection model that can be deployed to collaboratively be trained by leveraging private data from multiple users, without compromising their privacy. Using a representative low-resource Indic dataset, we demonstrate the superior performance of a collaboratively trained global model that is trained using federated learning on three low-resource Indic languages – Gujarati, Tamil and Telugu and draw a comparison of the model with respect to the most current work in the field. Finally, to evaluate the practical realizability of the proposed system, CodeFed also discusses the system overview of the label generation architecture which may accompany CodeFed’s possible real-time deployment.
Molecular responses to acute exercise and their relevance for adaptations in skeletal muscle to exercise training
Authors: Egan Brendan , Sharples Adam P.
Published: November 2022

Repeated, episodic bouts of skeletal muscle contraction undertaken frequently as structured exercise training are a potent stimulus for physiological adaptation in many organs. Specifically, in skeletal muscle, remarkable plasticity is demonstrated by the remodeling of muscle structure and function in terms of muscular size, force, endurance, and contractile velocity as a result of the functional demands induced by various types of exercise training. This plasticity, and the mechanistic basis for adaptations to skeletal muscle in response to exercise training, are underpinned by activation and/or repression of molecular pathways and processes in response to each individual acute exercise session. These pathways include the transduction of signals arising from neuronal, mechanical, metabolic, and hormonal stimuli through complex signal transduction networks, which are linked to a myriad of effector proteins involved in the regulation of pre- and posttranscriptional processes, and protein translation and degradation processes. This review therefore describes acute exercise-induced signal transduction and the molecular responses to acute exercise in skeletal muscle including emerging concepts such as epigenetic pre- and posttranscriptional regulation and the regulation of protein translation and degradation. A critical appraisal of methodological approaches and the current state of knowledge informs a series of recommendations offered as future directions in the field.
Developing Countermeasures of Integrating Entrepreneurship Education with Professional Education in Colleges and Universities Using Data Mining
Authors: Deng LiLi
Published: November 2022

The purpose is to promote the integrated development of innovation and entrepreneurship education (IEE) and professional education (PE) in colleges and universities (CAUs) more accurately and efficiently. Data mining (DM) technology is introduced to study IEE + PE in CAUs. At present, although the state strongly supports the IEE + PE, the integration progress is still slow, and IEE and PE are still completely independent of each other. Therefore, it is urgent to combine IEE with PE organically. Accordingly, based on DM technology, this work analyzes the current situation and existing problems of IEE + PE and puts forward suggestions and corresponding countermeasures for the future development of IEE + PE. The results show the following: (1) College students have high expectations of cultivating their innovation and entrepreneurship ability. (2) The internal and external influencing factors of IEE must be merged. (3) The implementation methods of IEE should be diversified. (4) The current resource allocation of IEE is unreasonable. Based on the above analysis, the existing problems are studied in detail and the corresponding countermeasures are put forward. Meanwhile, DM technology provides a theoretical data basis, making the research results more authentic and reliable and providing reference suggestions for IEE + PE.
Research on Dance Motion Capture Technology for Visualization Requirements
Authors: Sun Kaiqiang
Published: November 2022

“Motion capture technology” refers to the use of optical sensing equipment to record the dancer’s movement trajectory during dance and then convert this movement trajectory into applicable data information in animation software. In the 3D animation software, the corresponding dancer model can be constructed, and the matching costumes can also be designed. After combining it with the motion capture data, animation and dance data can be generated. In this way, virtual simulation software can create some virtual visualization scenes and present more diverse and complex demonstration effects. This article focuses on three aspects: “an overview of the connotation of motion capture technology,” “design of virtual dance visualization scene based on motion capture technology,” and “application of virtual dance visualization scene based on motion capture technology.”
GPU-Based In Situ Visualization for Large-Scale Discrete Element Simulations
Authors: Qin Pengfei , Xia Zhaojie , Gao Guoxian , Tao Xiaofang , Guo Li
Published: November 2022

The result of discrete element simulations has tens of thousands of time frames and hundreds of billions of interacting particles in each frame, which may lead to very large data sets. The existing postprocessing visualization technology cannot deal with such large-scale data, which will bring a negative impact to the simulation, affect the simulation speed, and make it difficult to realize the runtime steering. In this work, an attempt has been made to optimize visualization methods by directly accessing DEM simulation results, data exchanging straightly between GPUs, and accelerating pixel composition by GPU. The key feature of this work is that the entire process from DEM simulation to graphical rendering and image composition is done inside the same GPU.
A Propensity Score-Matched Comparison of In-Hospital Mortality between Dedicated Regional Trauma Centers and Emergency Medical Centers in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Choi Yuri , Jeong Jinwoo , Lee Sung Woo , Han Kap Su , Kim Su Jin , Kim Won Young , Kang Hyunggoo , Hong Eun Seog
Published: November 2022

Background. In the Republic of Korea, a trauma care system was not created until 2012, at which point regional trauma centers (RTCs) were established nationwide. In accordance with the national emergency care system and legislation, regional and local emergency medical centers (EMCs) also treat patients presenting with trauma. The aim of the present study was to assess whether treatment in RTCs is truly associated with better patient outcomes than that in EMCs by means of propensity score-matched comparisons and to identify populations that would benefit from treatment in RTCs. Methods. This study analyzed the data of patients with consecutive emergency visits between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2018, collected in the National Emergency Department Information System registry. Data from RTCs, designated regional EMCs, or local EMCs were included; data from smaller emergency departments were excluded because, in Korea, dedicated RTCs are established only in hospitals with regional or local EMCs. Propensity scores for treatment in RTCs or EMCs were estimated by logistic regression using linear terms. Mortality rates in RTCs and EMCs were compared between the matched samples. Results. The in-hospital mortality rates in the matched cases treated in RTCs and EMCs were 1.4% and 1.6%, respectively. The odds ratio for in-hospital mortality in RTCs over EMCs was 0.984 (95% confidence interval: 0.813–1.191). Among the subgroups evaluated, the subgroup of patients with injuries involving the chest or lower limbs showed a significant difference in the in-hospital mortality rate. Conclusion. There was no significant difference in the overall severity-adjusted mortality rate between patients treated in RTCs and EMCs. Treatment in an RTC might benefit those with injuries involving the chest or lower limbs.
Expression and Significance of Programmed Death‐1 and Its Ligands in the Accelerated Formation of Atherosclerosis in an Induced Murine Lupus Model
Authors: Yang Yue , Chen Yueying , Li Yongming , Feng Yiyi , Hu Na , Xue Luan
Published: November 2022

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that occurs in artery walls, which seriously affects the survival and prognosis of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Immune and inflammatory responses have notable effects on all stages of AS. In this study, we modeled SLE combined with AS in vivo via intraperitoneal injection of pristane (2,6,10,14‐tetramethylpentadecane) into apolipoprotein E‐knockout (ApoE−/−) mice that had accelerated atherosclerotic lesions compared with wild‐type (WT) ApoE−/− mice. In pristane‐induced ApoE−/− mice, expression of programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) and programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) in peripheral blood and on the surfaces of atherosclerotic lesions significantly increased, and levels of proinflammatory cytokines, namely, interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) in peripheral blood were elevated. We did not detect expression of programmed death‐ligand 2 (PD‐L2) in the arterial plaques of either pristane‐induced or WT ApoE−/− mice, nor did we observe any significant difference in PD‐L2 expression in peripheral blood between the two groups. Taken together, these results suggested that PD‐1/PD‐L1 signaling pathway might play an important regulatory role in the progression of AS in an induced murine lupus model which implies a potential target for treatment of AS in SLE.
Efficacy of the Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine in Coronary Heart Disease Comorbid with Anxiety and Depression: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sun Yiyuan , Zhang Chi , Qu Shaoyi , Zhu Bohui
Published: November 2022

Objective. The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of the integration of Western medicine with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) which is comorbid with anxiety and depression. Methods. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were searched in databases such as VIP, WanFang, CNKI, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library from the inception of databases to November 2021. RCTs on treating CHD comorbid with anxiety and depression with the integration of TCM and Western medicine were retrieved, and publications were screened according to the screening criteria. Software RevMan 5.4 was utilized to analyze related indicators. Results. Thirteen eligible studies were included in this meta-analysis. They involved a total of 1460 cases, including 747 cases in the TCM and Western medicine group, and 713 cases in the control group. Meta-analysis results illustrated that the difference in the relief of angina pectoris in treating CHD comorbid with anxiety and depression with the integration of TCM and Western medicine was statistically significant (OR = 3.97, 95% CI [2.47, 6.39],

P
<
0.05

), and HAMD score, HAMA score, and clinical effective rate were statistically significant (MD = −4.11, 95% CI [−5.10, 3.12]), (SMD = 1.88, 95% CI [2.53, 1.24]), (OR = 9.71, 95% CI [4.65, 20.28]). Conclusion. By combining TCM and Western medicine, the treatment of angina pectoris and CHD comorbid with anxiety and depression can alleviate anxiety and depression and can enhance patients’ quality of life.
Multistrategy Integrated Marine Predator Algorithm Applied to 3D Surface WSN Coverage Optimization
Authors: Wang Zhendong , Xiao Hang , Yang Shuxin , Wang Junling , Mahmoodi Soroosh
Published: November 2022

Achieving maximum network coverage with a limited number of sensor nodes is key to node deployment of wireless sensor network (WSN). This paper proposes an improved marine predator algorithm (IMPA) for 3D surface wireless sensor network deployment. A population evolution strategy based on random opposition-based learning and differential evolution operator is proposed to enrich the population diversity and improve the global search capability of the algorithm. The grouping idea of the Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm (SFLA) is then introduced. A local search strategy based on the SFLA is proposed to replace the FADs effect of MPA and enhance the ability of the algorithm to escape from the local optimum. A quasireflected opposition-based learning strategy is also presented to improve the optimization accuracy, accelerate the convergence speed of the algorithm, and improve the quality of the solution. Fifteen benchmark functions are selected for testing. The results are compared with seven different algorithms. The results show that the improved algorithm has excellent optimization performances. Finally, the IMPA is applied to optimize WSN coverage on 3D surfaces. The experimental results show that the proposed IMPA has good terrain adaptation and optimal deployment capabilities. It can improve the coverage of the network, reduce the deployment cost, and extend the network life cycle.
The Effects of Destemming/Crushing and Pressing Conditions in Rosé Wine Production
Authors: Guerrini Lorenzo , Corti Ferdinando , Angeloni Giulia , Masella Piernicola , Spadi Agnese , Calamai Luca , Parenti Alessandro
Published: November 2022

Background and Aims. Rosé wines are becoming more popular, as is the demand for organic wines. However, there are few studies on the effects of operative choices on the quality and style of these wines. The paper aims to investigate the effects of the early stages of processing (destemming/crushing and pressing) on rosé wine characteristics. Methods and Results. A full factorial experiment was carried out on Sangiovese, considering two factors related to grape processing: the prepressing treatment (intact clusters or destemmed/crushed berries) and the pressing pressure. Sugars, ethanol, acidity, phenols, and color were measured in juices, while volatile compounds and sensory profiles were evaluated in wines. Destemming/crushing dramatically changed the composition of both juices and wines’; notably, acidity increased and floral and color intensities decreased in intact cluster samples. Furthermore, a clear interaction was found between prepressing treatment and pressure. Pressure, in turn, affected several acidity and color parameters. This could be related to the chemical composition and consistency of the different berry zone, which interact with the mechanical action of the destemmer/crusher and press. Conclusions. Processing choices affect all of the main qualitative features of rosé wine; they could be successfully used to decide the wine’s style and minimize the use of additives and adjuvants. Significance of the study: in rosé production, the capability to modulate the operational protocols allows selecting of different wines from the same grape batch. This represents a useful tool to optimize grape processing according to the company’s commercial priorities.
Study on the Antioxidant Effect of Tanshinone IIA on Diabetic Retinopathy and Its Mechanism Based on Integrated Pharmacology
Authors: Zeng Xiaomei , Deng Ying , Yuan Mengxia , He Qi , Wu Yonghe , Li Shibing
Published: November 2022

Aim. To explore the effect of tanshinone IIA on diabetic retinopathy (DR) and its mechanism. Methods. GeneCards and OMM databases were used to mine DR-related genes. The chemical structure of tanshinone IIA was searched by PubChem, and the potential target was predicted by PharmMapper. Cystape 3.8.2 was used to visualize and analyze the tanshinone IIA-DR protein interaction network. DAVID ver 6.8 data were used to perform enrichment analysis of the tanshinone IIA-DR protein interaction network. Then animal experiments were carried out to further explore the mechanism of tanshinone IIA in the treatment of DR. Male SD rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin to establish a diabetes model and were randomly divided into a model group, a low-dose tanshinone IIA group and a high-dose group. Normal rats served as the control group. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the structural changes of the retina; the SOD, GSH-Px, and MDA levels in the retina were detected by the xanthine oxidase method; the expression of VEGF, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and caspase-3 mRNA were detected by qRT-PCR; and the Bcl-2, Bax, and VEGFA proteins were determined by the western blot. Results. A total of 213 tanshinone IIA potential targets and 223 DR-related genes were obtained. The enrichment analysis showed that tanshinone IIA may regulate hypoxia, oxidative stress, positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade, steroid hormone-mediated signaling pathway, inflammatory response, angiogenesis, VEGF signaling pathway, apoptosis, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and biological processes and signaling pathways. The structure of the retina in the normal control group was clear, the retina in the model group was not clear, the nerve fiber layer was edema, the retinal cell layers of the tanshinone IIA low-dose group are arranged neatly, the inner and outer nuclear layers are slightly disordered, and the tanshinone IIA low-dose group was large. The structure of the mouse retina was further improved compared with the low-dose tanshinone IIA group. Compared with the model group, the retinal tissue SOD and GSH-PX of rats in the tanshinone IIA group increased, and the MDA level decreased (

P
<
0.05

). Compared with the model group, the expression of VEGF, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and caspase-3 mRNA in the retina of tanshinone IIA groups was significantly reduced (

P
<
0.01

). Compared with the model group, the Bcl-2 protein in the tanshinone IIA groups increased, while the Bax and VEGFA proteins decreased (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Tanshinone IIA may improve the morphological performance of the retina of diabetic rats and inhibit DR, the mechanism of which may be anti-inflammatory, antiangiogenesis, etc.
Vitreous Hemorrhage as the Presenting Sign of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Authors: Vosoughi Amir R. , Micieli Jonathan A.
Published: November 2022

Vitreous hemorrhage from papilledema has rarely been reported in the literature. It likely results from an acute increase in intracranial pressure leading to venous compression and rupture. We herein describe a 32-year-old woman who presented with flashes and floaters and was found to have vitreous hemorrhage due to idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). She was treated with acetazolamide, and at 6-month follow-up, regained normal visual function with resolution of optic nerve swelling and hemorrhage. Our case demonstrates that patients with IIH may rarely present with floaters due to vitreous hemorrhage from papilledema. This case also re-iterates that the extent and presence of vitreous and optic disc hemorrhage likely does not confer a prognostic value in patients with papilledema.
Superior Division Third Nerve Palsy as the Presenting Sign of Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Vosoughi Amir R. , Micieli Jonathan A.
Published: November 2022

The third cranial nerve divides into superior and inferior branches at the level of anterior carotid sinus and superior orbital fissure. In extremely rare scenarios, metastatic lesions at this location may present with divisional third nerve involvement. We here describe an 85-year-old woman who presented with superior division third nerve palsy due to breast cancer metastasis. Our case demonstrates the rare presentation of double vision and ptosis because of superior division third nerve palsy. The differential diagnosis for this examination finding should include metastatic disease even in the absence of a known cancer diagnosis. This case also reiterates that the “rule of the pupil” should not be applied to superior division third nerve palsy.
The Immunomodulatory Potential Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Diseases of the Central Nervous System
Authors: Rufino Rodrigo de Andrade , Pereira-Rufino Laís da Silva , Vissoto Thays Cristina Silva , Kerkis Irina , Neves Adriana da Costa , da Silva Marcelo Cavenaghi Pereira
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Several studies indicate the role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as an important tool in regenerative medicine associated with injuries that affect the central nervous system (CNS). The MSCs have the capacity to differentiate into cells of the embryonic tissue, such as the mesoderm. So, these cells can be found in a variety of tissues. Also, the MSCs can release immunomodulatory and neurotrophic factors performance as inflammation mediators operating in injured tissue regeneration. Furthermore, they can differentiate into neural-like cells in vitro. Thereby, because of the high immunomodulatory role of MSCs, this review sought to describe the main immunomodulatory mechanisms performed by MSCs in CNS recovery after tissue injury or neurodegenerative diseases. Methods: PubMed and ScienceDirect were searched between January 2011 to March 2021, and 43 articles met the criteria of the review. Results: This systematic review indicates that MSCs were used in vivo experimental multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ischemic stroke, and traumatic brain injury. The treatment MSCs were usually from human origin, derived from bone marrow, and administered intravenously. Conclusion: It was shown that MSCs, independent from origin or administration pathway, can reduce inflammation and help in the recovery and preservation of injured neural tissue. Thus, the use of MSCs represents a potential therapeutic option in the treatment of neurological disorders mediated by inflammatory processes.
Macular Vascular Complexity Analysis of Diabetes Mellitus by Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomographic Angiography
Authors: Liu Jiahui , Chen Shuhui , Xu Zhiyi , Wang Wei , Wang Dingqiao , Su Yongyue , Zhao Shulun , Li Meichan , Chen Fengling , Huang Wenyong , Zuo Chengguo , Chen Minyu
Published: November 2022

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the associations between retinal vascular complexity features, including fractal dimension (FD) and blood vessel tortuosity (BVT), and the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) by using optical coherence tomographic angiography (OCTA). Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, 1,282 ocular-treatment-naive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) (1,059 without DR and 223 with DR) registered in the community of Guangzhou, China, were enrolled. OCTA was used to measure FD and BVT in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and the deep capillary plexus (DCP). Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to analyze the correlation of FD and BVT in different layers with DR severity. Results: In this study, 1,282 patients with DM (1,282 eyes), with a mean age of 64.2 ± 7.8 years, were included. FD in the DCP decreased and BVT in the DCP increased in patients with DR compared with those in patients without DR, even after adjusting for confounding factors (p < 0.05). Trend analysis showed a significant decrease in the FD values as the DR progressed, whereas the BVT progressively increased with worsening DR severity (p < 0.01). The FD in DCP had a statistically significant positive correlation with FD in SCP and a negative correlation with BVT in SCP and BVT in DCP in all of the participants, including the non-DR group, moderate DR group, and severe DR group (p < 0.01). Conclusions: FD and BVT determined using OCTA might be useful parameters for objectively distinguishing DR from non-DR and indicating DR progression.
Três momentos de Mário de Andrade na crítica de Salim Miguel (Grupo Sul, Florianópolis, 1948-1957)
Authors: Vaz Alexandre Fernandez , Kremer Natan Schmitz
Published: November 2022

No artigo, analisamos a retomada que Salim Miguel, um dos fundadores do Grupo Sul, empreendimento modernista que ganhou forma na Florianópolis de meados do século XX, faz de Mário de Andrade em três ensaios escritos na passagem da década de 1940 à de 1950. O crítico catarinense se vale do escritor paulistano para encenar as experiências que acometiam os jovens de Florianópolis em suas experimentações estéticas. No movimento, os textos deixam de se referir à obra de Mário de Andrade, e nos possibilitam compreender os meandros do modernismo florianopolitano a partir do que Salim Miguel rubrica sobre o autor de Macunaíma.
Estudo sobre a correlação entre taxas de suicídio e a pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Gomes Filho Carlos Henri , Zuza Ricardo dos Santos , Moura Junior Orlando Victorino de , Aguiar Luan Salguero de , Miziara Carmen Silva Molleis Galego , Miziara Ivan Dieb
Published: November 2022

Introdução: a quarentena, imposta a partir de 24 de março de 2020 em São Paulo, devido à pandemia de Covid-19 trouxe problemas sociais e econômicos que contribuíram para a elevação de risco de transtornos mentais, incluindo a autolesão suicida. Objetivo: comparar as taxas de internações e de óbitos por suicídio no estado de São Paulo antes e durante a pandemia de Covid-19, correlacionando os resultados com variáveis sociodemográficas de sexo, faixa etária e cor da pele/raça das vítimas. Método: estudo descritivo com dados de morbidade hospitalar do SUS (SIH/SUS) por causas externas e por local de internação, referentes ao estado de São Paulo, nos meses de abril a dezembro, nos anos de 2017 a 2020 (CID 10 – X60 a X84). Foram estabelecidos dois grupos: pré-pandemia (2017 a 2019); e pós-pandemia (2020). Foi feita análise dos dados com o programa estatístico SPSS® Version 22.2. Resultados: foram analisados dados de 9.930 internações e 416 óbitos por lesões autoprovocadas voluntariamente. A média de internações foi maior no período pré-pandemia (278 por mês) em comparação com o da pandemia (230,5 por mês) (t(34)= 2,630; p=0,013); a média de mortes no período da pandemia foi maior (14,50 por mês) (t(34)= -3,104; p=0,004) que no pré-pandemia (11 por mês). Não houve diferença entre os períodos estudados ao correlacionar internações com dados sociodemográficos (sexo: p=0,661; faixa etária: p=0,658; cor de pele: p=0,913) ou óbitos com dados sociodemográficos (sexo: p=0,861; faixa etária: p=0,663; cor de pele: p=0,761). Conclusão: os resultados mostraram redução na média de internações por lesões autoprovocadas voluntariamente entre os períodos pré e pós-pandemia, entretanto, a média de óbitos por suicídio foi superior no período de pandemia. Isso pode significar maior efetividade da autolesão suicida durante a pandemia. Não houve diferença entre os períodos estudados ao correlacionar óbitos e internações com dados sociodemográficos.
Dynamic rewiring of electrophysiological brain networks during learning
Authors: Ruggeri Paolo , Miehlbradt Jenifer , Kabbara Aya , Hassan Mahmoud
Published: November 2022

Human learning is an active and complex process. However, the brain mechanisms underlying human skill learning and the effect of learning on the communication between brain regions, at different frequency bands, are still largely unknown. Here, we tracked changes in large-scale electrophysiological networks over a 6-week training period during which participants practiced a series of motor sequences during 30 home training sessions. Our findings showed that brain networks become more flexible with learning in all the frequency bands from theta to gamma ranges. We found consistent increase of flexibility in the prefrontal and limbic areas in the theta and alpha band, and over somatomotor and visual areas in the alpha band. Specific to the beta rhythm, we revealed that higher flexibility of prefrontal regions during the early stage of learning strongly correlated with better performance measured during home training sessions. Our findings provide novel evidence that prolonged motor skill practice results in higher, frequency-specific, temporal variability in brain network structure.
Trade-offs among cost, integration, and segregation in the human
connectome
Authors: Ma Junji , Chen Xitian , Gu Yue , Li Liangfang ,   Cam-CAN, Lin Ying , Dai Zhengjia
Published: November 2022

The human brain structural network is thought to be shaped by the optimal trade-off between cost and efficiency. However, most studies on this problem have focused on only the trade-off between cost and global efficiency (i.e., integration) and have overlooked the efficiency of segregated processing (i.e., segregation), which is essential for specialized information processing. Direct evidence on how trade-offs among cost, integration, and segregation shape the human brain network remains lacking. Here, adopting local efficiency and modularity as segregation factors, we used a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm to investigate this problem. We defined three trade-off models, which represented trade-offs between cost and integration (Dual-factor model), and trade-offs among cost, integration, and segregation (local efficiency or modularity; Tri-factor model), respectively. Among these, synthetic networks with optimal trade-off among cost, integration, and modularity (Tri-factor model [Q]) showed the best performance. They had a high recovery rate of structural connections and optimal performance in most network features, especially in segregated processing capacity and network robustness. Morphospace of this trade-off model could further capture the variation of individual behavioral/demographic characteristics in a domain-specific manner. Overall, our results highlight the importance of modularity in the formation of the human brain structural network and provide new insights into the original cost-efficiency trade-off hypothesis.
Sources of Heterogeneity in Functional Connectivity During English Word Processing in Bilingual and Monolingual Children
Authors: Sun Xin , Marks Rebecca A. , Eggleston Rachel L. , Zhang Kehui , Yu Chi-Lin , Nickerson Nia , Caruso Valeria , Chou Tai-Li , Hu Xiao-Su , Tardif Twila , Booth James R. , Beltz Adriene M. , Kovelman Ioulia
Published: November 2022

Diversity and variation in language experiences, such as bilingualism, contribute to heterogeneity in children’s neural organization for language and brain development. To uncover sources of such heterogeneity in children’s neural language networks, the present study examined the effects of bilingual proficiency on children’s neural organization for language function. To do so, we took an innovative person-specific analytical approach to investigate young Chinese-English and Spanish-English bilingual learners of structurally distinct languages. Bilingual and English monolingual children (N = 152, M(SD)age = 7.71(1.32)) completed an English word recognition task during functional near-infrared spectroscopy neuroimaging, along with language and literacy tasks in each of their languages. Two key findings emerged. First, bilinguals’ heritage language proficiency (Chinese or Spanish) made a unique contribution to children’s language network density. Second, the findings reveal common and unique patterns in children’s patterns of task-related functional connectivity. Common across all participants were short-distance neural connections within left hemisphere regions associated with semantic processes (within middle temporal and frontal regions). Unique to more proficient language users were additional long-distance connections between frontal, temporal, and bilateral regions within the broader language network. The study informs neurodevelopmental theories of language by revealing the effects of heterogeneity in language proficiency and experiences on the structure and quality of emerging language neural networks in linguistically diverse learners.
Strobilanthes glandulata (Acanthaceae), a new species from Sri Lanka based on the morphological and molecular evidences
Authors: RAJAPAKSE MUDIYANSELAGE RENUKA NILANTHI  , HIRUNA SAMARAKOON  , NUWAN JAYAWARDANA  , BHAGYA HATHURUSINGHE  , SIRIL WIJESUNDARA  , BANDARANAYAKE PRADEEPA CHANDANI GUNATHILAKE
Published: November 2022

Strobilanthes glandulata, a new species of Acanthaceae is described from Sri Lanka. It has been previously misidentified as Strobilanthes lupulina. It is similar to S. lupulina having an inflorescence of heads, funnel-shaped gradually widened corolla, hispids on the stem, and both surfaces of leaves and petioles, but can be easily distinguished from the latter by having different pollens, bracts arranged in well-spaced, margin crenate, and densely covered with glandular-hairy. The phylogenetic analyses indicate that it is a member of the native species of the genus Strobilanthes in Sri Lanka. A full description, detailed illustrations, pollen morphology, and complete chloroplast genome are provided.
Two new species of Otiorhynchus Germar, 1822 of the subgenus Anchorrhynchus Reitter, 1914 from the Balkan Peninsula, with a key to species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae)
Authors: SZÉNÁSI VALENTIN
Published: November 2022

Otiorhynchus roznerantii Szénási sp. nov. from Greece and Republic of North Macedonia, and O. pseudoschlaeflini Szénási sp. nov. from Greece are described in the subgenus Anchorrhynchus Reitter, 1914. A provisional identification key to species of Anchorrhynchus is included, from which are excluded Otiorhynchus lumensis gjallicanus Lona, 1939, O. lumensis lumensis Apfelbeck, 1908, O. munelensis Apfelbeck, 1907 and O. pseudalbanicus Braun, 1990 which are here moved to Otiorhynchus incertae sedis, plus O. cypricola Reiche & Saulcy, 1858 specimens of which were unavailable.
Studies on Pseudodendrothrips (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) from India, with one new species
Authors: RACHANA R.R. , AMARENDRA B. , GRACY R. GANDHI
Published: November 2022

Pseudodendrothrips umbrolateralis sp. n. is described from India. An identification key to the seven Pseudodendrothrips species recorded from India is provided. The earlier record from India of P. bhattii Kudo is considered a misidentification of P. darci (Girault) and hence, is removed from the fauna of India.
New species of the aphid parasitoids of the genus Binodoxys Mackauer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the fauna of Russia
Authors: DAVIDIAN ELENA M. , BELOKOBYLSKIJ SERGEY A.
Published: November 2022

The descriptions of two new species from the genus Binodoxys Mackauer characterised by short prongs on the posterior margin of the last metasomal sternite are provided from the north-western territory of the European part and Eastern Siberia of Russia. Binodoxys crataegi sp. nov. was reared from the aphid Aphis pomi De Geer, 1773 on Crataegus sp. in the St. Petersburg region, but B. ekaterinaе sp. nov. was collected by net in Irkutsk Province, near Baikal Lake, and the host is unknown.
South Korean Perceptions of Misinformation on Social Media: The Limits of a Consensus?
Authors: Rich Timothy S.
Published: November 2022

How do South Koreans view efforts at combating misinformation on social media? The growing influence of social media companies and their willingness to engage in content moderation on their platforms expands the domain of free speech and information beyond government actions. Through original survey work, I find that South Koreans, across party lines, largely acknowledge concerns about misinformation on social media, with views on media freedom and support for defamation laws corresponding with responding to misinformation. However, little consensus emerges on what social media companies should do in response to misinformation.
Unmasking My Truth: Autoethnography of Psychological Stress as a Black Woman in the Academy
Authors: Slay ZaDonna M.
Published: November 2022

In this article, I use autoethnography as a method to explore my identity and its associated stressful impact on me as a Black woman in the academy. I used the conceptual framework of critical race theory, Black feminist perspective, and strong Black woman (SBW) schema to reflect on my experiences as an instructor and administrator. The conceptual framework will provide context to the psychological stress that I have faced from structural factors such as teaching evaluations, mentorship, collaboration with colleagues, and work responsibilities. This selfreflection of how I learned to speak my truth by acknowledging the barriers of psychological stress endured will bring awareness to other Black women faculty who face similar struggles.
Application of image identification to UAV control for cage culture
Authors: Liang Wei-Yi , Juang Jih-Gau
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study was to save manpower and reduce costs on water quality measurement in cage culture. An unmanned aerial vehicle system was applied to locate the target net cage and detect the water quality and temperature in the desired cage automatically. This paper presents the use of image recognition and deep learning to find a predefined target location of cage aquaculture. The whole drone control and image recognition process was based on an onboard computer and was successfully realized in an actual environment. When the drone approached the net cage, image recognition was utilized to fix the position of the unmanned aerial vehicle on the net cage and drop a sensor to check the water quality. The proposed system could improve conventional manned measurement methods and reduce the costs of cage culture.
Modeling and deformation simulation of weft knitted fabric at yarn level
Authors: Ru Xin , Wang Jia C , Peng Laihu , Shi Weimin , Hu Xudong
Published: November 2022

This study proposes a method for 3D modeling of weft knitted fabric and simulating its deformation behavior. A geometric model of the fabric was established using a loop-mesh unit, and the surface of the yarn was calculated using a reference frame. The patterns of the fabrics were represented by bitmap images. To simulate the deformation behavior of the fabric, a physical model was built based on a dynamic spline that included stretching and bending of the yarn. To simplify the collisions between continuous yarns, collisions were detected using a discrete sphere-spring model. The Euler-Lagrange theorem was introduced to achieve the energy balance of the system, and a stable shape was obtained by solving the Euler-Lagrange equation explicitly according to the convergence conditions. Rendering and deformation of the model were implemented using a simulator program via C++ and OpenGL. The simulation displayed the 3D appearance of the weft knitted fabric. The deformed shapes of fabrics were accurately predicted by the proposed method.
Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and socioeconomic status: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Purohit Bharathi M , Dawar Anika , Bansal Kalpana , Nilima  , Malhotra Sumit , Mathur Vijay P , Duggal Ritu
Published: November 2022

Background

Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) are an independent risk factor for obesity and other non-communicable diseases. Socioeconomic status (SES) is one of the key drivers for the purchase and consumption of SSBs among children and adults; however, there is a lack of strong evidence. This study aims to determine the association between SES and consumption patterns of SSBs across populations.

Results

The review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, LILACS, Web of Science, Cochrane, and CINHAL databases were searched for relevant articles until 2022. Participants included children, adolescents, and adults who consumed different SSBs and were assessed based on their SES. The random-effects model was used to obtain the pooled odds ratio (OR). Twenty-one studies (152,070 participants) met the inclusion criteria. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa tool, with the majority of the studies indicating medium to high quality. Eight ORs from four studies (34,454 participants) were considered for meta-analysis. Results showed those belonging to high SES had 48% lower odds of consuming the SSBs (OR 0.52; 95% CI: 0.42–0.61; p  =  0.017). The overall quality of evidence was ascertained using GRADE criteria, illustrating a moderate certainty of evidence between SSB consumption and SES.

Conclusion

Meta-analysis suggests that SES influences the consumption pattern of SSBs, with high SES having lower odds of SSB consumption.
Examining and understanding patterns of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral jealousy: Dispositional Mindfulness as a protective factor in romantic relationships
Authors: De Cristofaro Valeria , Pellegrini Valerio , Salvati Marco , Giacomantonio Mauro
Published: November 2022

The present research proposes that dispositional mindfulness may play a key role in our understanding of romantic jealousy, conceptualized as a multidimensional construct consisting of three components: cognitive, emotional, and behavioral. All three components involve experiencing an outside threat, but diverse aspects of the experience are implied: cognitive jealousy entails thoughts and suspicions, emotional jealousy entails affective responses, and behavioral jealousy entails surveillance behaviors. Across five studies ( N = 3275), using non-dyadic and dyadic data, different measurement scales for mindfulness, and different indicators of relationship functioning (couple satisfaction, relationship quality, occurrence of conflicts), we consistently found that mindfulness is negatively related to cognitive and behavioral jealousy. This is explained by increased self-esteem characterizing mindful individuals. In turn, decreased cognitive and behavioral jealousy resulted positively related to couple satisfaction and relationship quality, whereas negatively to occurrence of conflicts. We did not find significant relations between mindfulness, self-esteem, emotional jealousy, and relationship functioning. These results provided evidence, which was also confirmed by a mini meta-analysis, that mindfulness may constitute a protective factor against detrimental cognitive and behavioral (vs. emotional) romantic jealousy. We discuss how these results advance literature and open new research avenues for both theoretical and applied purposes.
“We Keep It All Here”: A Dialogic Approach to Constructing Rural Historically Black Colleges and Universities Among Black Students
Authors: Brewer Mick B.
Published: November 2022

Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) are both often assumed to offer students of color a safer environment for learning than their primarily white institutional counterparts while also facing harsh suspicion in terms of their educational quality and cultural value. Interrogating these readings, this study uses the critical interpersonal and family communication (CIFC) framework and relational dialectics theory (RDT) 2.0 to identify competing discourses emergent within meaning-making processes of Black students attending rural iterations of such institutions. By interviewing twenty Black students currently enrolled in a rural HBCU, this work spotlights unique, power-laden interconnections across the competing discourses of rural whiteness, as marked by rugged individualism, conservative political ideology, and perceived hostility towards Black epistemologies, and the urban Blackness of students now occupying such spaces. This project identifies the dominant discourse that HBCUs are inferior, as well as two competing discourses students draw upon as they construct meaning of the rural HBCU: the discourse that these institutions celebrate Blackness, and the discourse that they problematically draw race into relief. This work uncloaks the themes constituting each of the two discourses, and highlights various forms of discursive interplay participants use to negotiate the meaning of these institutions, including entertaining, countering, negating, naturalization, and pacification.
Genomic integration and expression of Felis catus papillomavirus type 2 oncogenes in feline Merkel cell carcinoma
Authors: Ito Soma , Chambers James K. , Sumi Ayumi , Omachi Tetsuo , Haritani Makoto , Nakayama Hiroyuki , Uchida Kazuyuki
Published: November 2022

The involvement of Felis catus papillomavirus type 2 (FcaPV2) in feline Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) has been previously hypothesized. In this study, the expression and localization of FcaPV2 oncogene mRNA, the integration of FcaPV2 genes, and p53 mutations in feline MCC were examined by RNAscope in situ hybridization (ISH), whole genome sequencing (WGS), and Sanger DNA sequencing, respectively. Furthermore, the morphological and molecular characteristics of FcaPV2-positive (FMX-MCC01) and FcaPV2-negative (AS-MCC01) MCC cell lines were compared in vitro and in vivo using immunofluorescence, ISH, xenotransplantation into mice, and immunohistochemistry. ISH for FcaPV2 E6/E7 detected viral RNA in 18/21 FcaPV2-positive MCC and not in 1/1 FcaPV2-negative MCC. WGS of 2 FcaPV2-positive cases revealed the integration of FcaPV2 genes in both cases. In cultured cells and xenograft tissues of FMX-MCC01, most cells were positive for E6/E7 by ISH and p16CDKN2A, a few cells were positive for the retinoblastoma protein (pRb), and all cells were negative for p53. In cultured cells and xenograft tissues of AS-MCC01, all cells were negative for p16CDKN2A, most cells were positive for pRb, and some cells were positive for p53. Missense mutations in p53 were identified in 8/10 FcaPV2-positive and 1/1 FcaPV2-negative MCC. These results suggest that the expression of integrated FcaPV2 oncogenes might be associated with reduced expression of the tumor suppressor proteins pRb and p53 and might contribute to the development of feline MCC. On the other hand, p53 mutations may be involved in both FcaPV2-positive and FcaPV2-negative MCC tumorigenesis.