bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Modelling of a Flexible Beam Structure Using Feedforward Neural Networks for Active Vibration Control
Authors: Rahman Tuan A. Z. , As’arry A. , Abdul Jalil N. A. , Kamil R.
Published: September 2020

Active vibration control (AVC) techniques show promising results to reduce unwanted vibration level of flexible structures at any desired location. In this paper, the application of non-parametric identification method using feedforward neural networks (FNNs) to model a flexible beam structure for AVC system is presented. An experimental study was carried out to collect input-output dataset of a flexible beam system. The flexible beam was excited using a pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS) force signal before acquiring the dynamic response of the system. A non-parametric modelling approach of the system was proposed based on feed-forward neural networks (FNNs) while its weight and bias parameters were optimised using chaotic-enhanced stochastic fractal search (SFS) algorithm. The performance of modified SFS algorithm to train a nonlinear auto-regressive exogenous model (NARX) structure FNNs-based model of the system was then compared with its predecessor and with several well-known metaheuristic algorithms. Correlation tests were used to validate the obtained model. Based on the proposed method, a small mean squared error value has been achieved in the validation phase. Considering both convergence rate and result accuracy simultaneously, the chaotic modified SFS algorithm performs significantly better than other training algorithms. In conclusion, the development of a non-parametric model of the flexible beam structure was conducted and validated for future investigations on active vibration control techniques.
Development of Proving Ground Field Test for Establishment of Vehicle Accelerated Corrosion Test Procedure in Malaysia
Authors: Anuar L. , Amrin A. , Mohammad R. , Aziz S. A. , Toozandehjani M.
Published: September 2020

This paper presents the field tests conducted as part of activity to establish the vehicle accelerated corrosion test procedure in Malaysia, initiated by the national car manufacturer company, PROTON, Malaysia. Vehicle accelerated corrosion test is a combination of corrosion exposures and durability cycles to accelerate the corrosion process and detect potential failures that may occur during in-service conditions. PROTON conducts the vehicle accelerated corrosion test at external test centres in overseas. However, due to the different climatic of test location, some of the corrosion problems were found to be varied and many did not address the actual corrosion problems detected in Malaysia markets. Hence, the primary aim of this study is to establish a suitable corrosion driving procedure to accommodate the hot and humid environment using facilities in PROTON Test Track. Three corrosion driving procedures were designed based on the number of corrosion exposures and designated as Field Tests 1, 2 and 3. Analysis ruled out that Field Test 3 provides moderate corrosion rate of 0.077-0.842 mm/year and potentially to be the best suited for accelerated corrosion test procedure in Malaysia due to its close replication of actual cosmetic corrosion behaviour observed in Malaysia.
Potentiostat Electro-Deposited Cuprous Oxide and Cupric Oxide Thin Films for Photovoltaic Use
Authors: Plateau T. P. , Islam M. T. , Islam`` N.
Published: September 2020

To withstand the rising demand for energy while fuel and chemical energy are becoming rare, the development in the production of solar energy has become a necessity. There is a variety of solar cells; among them, thin-film photovoltaics is more popular because of low-cost production and good-efficiency. Nowadays, copper oxide has become popular to make thin film layers like CZTS, CIGS, etc. Unfortunately, the efficiency of these thin films is less than 20%. In order to obtain better efficacy, an investigation of the layers of thin films is needed. This research discussed the properties of copper and its oxides. In case of making the thin film layers, potentiostat electro-deposition was the chosen method where bath composition of CuSO4.5H2O solution, temperature, time, potential difference were the variable parameters. The best-deposited layers were obtained in 0.2 M concentration, 40 minutes, -0.5 V potential difference and 65oC. Hence, physical properties like thickness and hardness, and characterisation properties like X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-Vis spectrometry are observed to compare cupric oxide (CuO) and cuprous oxide (Cu2O) thin films. CuO thin film shows better stability and rigidity than the Cu2O thin film. But the thin film layer of cuprous oxide illustrates good homogeneity and nodular form. From the test mentioned above data, band gap has been measured for each deposited film, and the CuO thin film layer is raked out having a better band energy gap than the Cu2O thin film layer.
Characterisation of the Humming-Type Noise and Vibration of the Automotive HVAC System
Authors: A. Mazlan A. Z. , A. Satar M. H. , Hamdan M. H. , Md. Isa M. S. , Man S. , Paiman M. A. R. , Abd. Ghapar M. Z. , Sulaiman M. S. A. , Miyashita T.
Published: September 2020

The automotive heating and ventilating air condition (HVAC) system, when vibrating, can generate various types of noises such as humming, hissing, clicking and air-rushes. These noises can be characterised to determine their root causes. In this study, the humming-type noise is taken into consideration whereby the noise and vibration characteristics are measured from various HVAC components such as power steering pump, compressor and air conditional pipe. Four types of measurement sensors were used in this study - tachometer for rpm tracking; accelerometer for the vibration microphone for the noise; and sound camera for the visualization measurement. Two types of operating conditions were taken into consideration - they were “idle” (850 rpm) and “running” (850-1400 rpm) conditions. A constant blower speed was applied for both conditions. The result shows that the humming noises can be determined at the frequency range of 300-350 Hz and 150-250 Hz for both idle and running conditions, respectively. The vibration of the power steering pump shows the worst acceleration of 1.8 m/s2 at the frequency range of 150-250 Hz, compared to the compressor and air conditional pipe. This result was validated with the 3D colour order and sound camera analyses, in which the humming noise colour mapping shows dominance in this frequency range.
Prediction of Hyperelastic Material Properties of Nafion117 and Nafion/ZrO2 Nano-Composite Membrane
Authors: Nemavhola F. , Sigwadi R.
Published: September 2020

This paper presents constitutive laws suitable for the prediction of mechanical behaviour of nano-composite membrane compared with the commercial membrane Nafion®117. The uniaxial tensile data of commercial Nafion®117 and Nafion®/ Zr-150 nano-composite membrane utilised for fitting hyperelastic models was determined experimentally. Several material models on mechanical behaviour of nano-composite and commercial Nafion® 117 membrane material was fitted to determined accuracy. In order to observe yield and fracture behaviour, the com-mercial Nafion®117 and Nafion®/ Zr-150 nano-composite membranes were loaded in uniaxial direction at a constant strain rate. To obtain the optimal material constants form six different material models considered in this study, the OriginLab® version 9 was used and the Leven-berg-Marquardt (M) optimization logarithm. Hyperplastic material models including Mooney-Rivlin, Yeoh, Ogden, Humphrey, Martins and Veronda-Westmann were selected to use in an inverse method to fit the experimental uniaxial data of nano-composite material. The hyper-plastic material parameters could then be used to simulate material behaviour of nano mem-brane using finite element analysis (FEA) technique. The procedure discussed in this paper could be used to accurately determine the constitutive parameters of various constitutive models of Polymer Nafion presented.
Experimental comparison of sinusoidal motion and non-sinusoidal motion of rise-dwell-fall-dwell in a Stirling engine
Authors: Wong H.M. , Goh S.Y.
Published: September 2020

The Stirling engine is deemed to play a role in the near future of power generation. However, there is a large performance difference between the real and ideal Stirling engine. The use of sinusoidal motion for both displacer and piston in current applications is one of the reasons for this difference as it limits heat transfer. This paper investigated the use of non-sinusoidal rise-dwell-fall-dwell (RDFD) motion on both displacer and piston to improve the performance of a real Stirling engine and compared it to the conventional sinusoidal motion crankshaft driven Stirling engine. A gamma configuration Stirling engine test rig with a data acquisition system was constructed for this investigation. Among the four flywheels with each specifically designed cam profile tested, one was with sinusoidal motion while the remaining three were non-sinusoidal for comparison. The use of non-sinusoidal RDFD cam with 135° displacer dwell improved more than 36% thermal efficiency over sinusoidal motion crankshaft Stirling engine.
Characterization of aluminium matrix composite of Al-ZnSiFeCuMg alloy reinforced with silica sand tailings particles
Authors: . Sukanto , Soenoko Rudy , Suprapto Wahyono , Irawan Yudy Surya
Published: September 2020

Due to the increased demand for aluminium and the prohibitive cost of producing primary aluminium, the process of making AMCs using recycled aluminium alloy as a matrix and silica sand tailing without leaching as a filler is essential to be developed. For more cost-effective, the purpose of this study is to make particulate aluminium composite matrix AMCs with a matrix of recycled aluminium and reinforced with silica sand tailing without leaching. This research involves the effect of differences in grain size and filler weight percentage on matrix Al-ZnSiFeCuMg recycled aluminium alloy powder. This study used powder metallurgy technology as well as two-way hot-compaction (300°C) and applied a sintering temperature of 550°C. Density, hardness, and wear testing, as well as microstructure analysis, were conducted to determine the characteristics of the resulting AMCs. An increase in hardness of 67% was achieved by the AMCs-164 µm-20%SiO2 specimen, which used a filler grain size of 164 µm wt.20%. Meanwhile, AMCs-31 µm-20%SiO2, which used a filler grain size of 31 µm, only increased by 63%. The wear test result also showed a lower wear rate achieved by the AMCs-164 µm-20%SiO2 specimen. The results analyses using SEM-EDS instruments showed higher agglomeration and porosity in specimens using a filler grain size of 31 µm, while AMCs using a filler grain size of 164 µm showed an even spread of filler powder. Therefore, AMCs that used 164 µm powder-sized fillers have a stronger bond between the filler and the matrix and produce AMCs that are harder than AMCs that use 31 µm fillers.
Strain rates effect of dynamic compression properties of E-glass / jute composite
Authors: Mat Jusoh Muhamad Shahirul , Yahya Mohd Yazid , Israr Ahmad Haris Ahmad
Published: September 2020

Presently, the application of natural fibres widely gains attention from academia and industries as an alternative material in the composite system. The introduction of the hybrid composite using natural and synthetic fibres is extensively investigated on the static mechanical properties. However, the investigation on the high strain-rates effect is less reported due to the difficulty of the experimental set-up as well as the limitation of dynamic testing apparatus. The split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) was utilised in this present study to characterise the dynamic mechanical properties of the hybrid composite between E-glass with jute fibres at three different strain rates of 755, 1363, and 2214 s−1. Results showed that the dynamic compression stress and strain of the tested samples significantly influenced by the value of strain rates applied. The E-glass/jute sample exhibited the strain-rate dependent behaviour, whereby the higher dynamic mechanical properties were recorded when the higher strain rates were imposed. The difference between maximum dynamic stress was 12.1 and 23.9% when the strain rates were increased from 755 to 1363 s−1 and 1363 to 2214 s−1, respectively. In terms of compressive strain, the maximum compressive strain was recorded when the lower strain rates were imposed during testing.
Finite element analysis of drilling unidirectional CFRP in different ply orientation
Authors: Sanusi H. , Hussin M.S. , Yuzairi A.R. , Peng L.H. , Ahmad M.F.A.
Published: September 2020

In the new era of Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0), the manufacturing processes are facing a new level of flexible mass production technologies. Hence, the high demands for simulations data of manufacturing production and operation are required for developing a Cyber-Physical Systems of smart machines. Some composite machining processes could be very expansive. Simulation is needed to reduce the manufacturing time and cost. Without considering the suitable parameter of drilling, damage occurs at the region over the hole’s boundary after the drilling operation is done. Thus, the goal of this research is to investigate the effects of drilling cutting parameter such as thrust force, drilling-induced damage and stress distribution of reinforcing carbon composite polymer (CFRP) laminate by developing a user-defined material model (VUMAT) subroutine in ABAQUS/EXPLICIT (ABAQUS, Dassault Systèmes®) for different fibre ply orientations. The failure mode such as fibre tensile failure, fibre compressive failure, matrix cracking and matrix crushing was modelled and analysed based on Hashin and Puck’s criterion. The stages of drilling operation were observed and described in this paper with the drilling cutting parameter and the damage of composite was finely defined. The results proved that the relationship of thrust force is directly proportional to the feed rate with the difference of computational model are 8 % higher than the experiment. Among the ply orientation sequence applied in the simulation, the result shows that [ / / ] and [ / / ]  ply having higher thrust force with 401.84 N.mm and 390.53 N.mm at 500 mm/min feed rate as delamination extent, as the frequency of fiber pulls out at the exit region of the drilled hole increases as compared to the restricted fiber ply orientation 0˚ and 90˚.
CFD analysis for thermal performance augmentation of solar air heater using deflector ribs
Authors: Venkatesh R. , Kumar Nitesh , Madhwesh N. , M.S. Manjunath
Published: September 2020

This paper presents the effect of deflector ribs on the thermal performance of flat plate solar air heater using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methodology. The analysis is carried out using two-dimensional computational domain for the Reynolds number range of 6000-18000. RNG k-є turbulence model is used to capture the turbulence characteristics of the flow. The deflector rib has a cross-section of isosceles triangle and is placed transversely with respect to the flow. The distance between consecutive ribs is varied as 40mm, 80mm, 160mm and 320mm while the air gap height is varied as 2mm, 3mm, 5mm and 10mm. The numerical model is validated against the well-known correlation of Dittus-Boelter for smooth duct. The simulation results reveal that the presence of deflector ribs provide augmented heat transfer through flow acceleration and enhanced turbulence levels. With reference to smooth duct, the maximum achieved heat transfer improvement is about 1.39 times for the inter-rib distance of 40mm and an air gap height of 3mm while the maximum fiction factor achieved was about 3.82 times for pitch value of 40mm and air gap height of 3mm. The highest thermal enhancement factor is achieved for the pitch value of 320mm and an air gap height of 3mm at Re=6000. The air gap height value of 10mm exhibits thermal enhancement factor values lesser than 1.0 and hence is not recommended for use as heat transfer enhancement device for the entire Reynolds number range used in the analysis. The pitch value of 320 mm exhibits thermal enhancement factor greater than 1.0 for almost all the Reynolds number range used in the analysis and varies between 0.93 and 1.07.
Pulse amplitude modulation as an indicative method for monitoring compliance of ballast water management – Walz Water PAM instrument test
Authors: Golja Aja , Sapač Klaudija , Žagar Dušan , David Matej
Published: September 2020

Vessels are considered one of the primary pathways for the transfer of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens. The D-2 Regulation of the Ballast Water Management Convention specifies the maximum number of organisms per unit volume in order to prevent their spread and transfer, and the introduction of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens around the globe. The Convention also requires an inspection of every ship’s ballast water in order to verify compliance with the requirements. Inspectors take samples of ballast water and perform quick analyses on board using indicative instruments. We evaluated the appropriateness of the Walz Water PAM instrument for indicative analysis of ballast water. The instrument estimates the phytoplankton biomass and its photochemical efficiency. The instrument measurements were compared to the results of detailed laboratory analyses of samples for phytoplankton cells in the size range 10–50 µm and with minimum diameter, as addressed by the Regulation D-2. The instrument correctly evaluated all 19 compliant samples from the detailed analyses and 88 of 95 non-compliant samples from detailed analyses (93%). We can thus conclude that Walz Water PAM is a suitable tool for the indicative analysis of vessels’ ballast water.
Flood hazard in Slovenia and assessment of extreme design floods
Authors: Mikoš Matjaž
Published: September 2020

Due to the lack of hydrological measurements in the torrential areas and smaller catchment areas of Slovenian rivers, in accordance with the European Floods Directive, we used an empirical equation to estimate the magnitude of a 500-year flood (Q500). In this paper, we critically evaluate the proposed empirical equations for estimating the Q500 discharge, as defined in the Slovenian Rules on the methodology for determining areas at risk of floods and related erosion of inland waters and the sea, and on the method of classifying land into risk classes. In this assessment, we use publicly available measured data from Slovenia’s hydrological monitoring network and data on extreme flows for selected Slovenian high dams, and thus compare the database with empirical equations for determining extreme flows in Europe and elsewhere in the world that are used for planning high dams. Although the reach of the Q500 flood line determines the area of residual flood danger, it makes sense to abandon the determination of extreme flows in Slovenia using empirical equations and move to a hydrological-hydraulic modelling system using modern software tools.
The Effect of Liquidity, Leverage, and Audit Committee on Sustainability Report Disclosure with Profitability as a Mediating Variable
Authors: Sonia Devi , Khafid Muhammad
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study is to obtain empirical evidence about the role of profitability in mediating the effect of liquidity, leverage, and company size to sustainability report disclosure. The population in this study were non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2015-2017 from 465 companies. The sampling technique used purposive sampling method and produced a sample of 25 companies with 75 units of analysis. This study used path analysis with the help of IBM SPSS 21 software. The results of the analysis show that liquidity and leverage have a negative and significant effect on sustainability report disclosure. Audit committee and profitability have a positive and significant effect on sustainability report disclosure. Liquidity and leverage have a positive and significant effect on profitability. The audit committee has no effect on profitability. Profitability is successful in mediating the indirect effect of liquidity and leverage on sustainability report disclosure. However, profitability has failed in mediating the indirect influence between the audit committee on sustainability report disclosure. The conclusion of this study is liquidity, leverage, audit committee, and profitability have an important role in disclosure of sustainability report.
The Effect of Financial and Non-Financial Factors on Firm Value
Authors: Kristi Nuke Monika , Yanto Heri
Published: September 2020

This study aims to explain the impact of financial and non-financial factors, namely firm size, profitability, leverage, liquidity, activity ratio, CSR disclosures and environmental performance on firm value. This research is quantitative study with causality research design. Company Performance Rating Program in Environmental Management (PROPER) participating companies whose shares are listed on the IDX during 2015-2019 were the population of this study. The purposive sampling technique was chosen to obtain the sample of 35 companies with 140 units of analysis. This research applied a multiple linear regression test on panel data collected from secondary data. The results show the firm value can be explained by firm size, profitability, and activity ratio in a positive direction. Meanwhile, the negative influence is shown by leverage and liquidity and CSR disclosure & environmental performance cannot influence the firm value significantly. Managers are expected can optimize their asset management, because firm size, profitability, and activity ratio have a positive and significant effect on firm value and be careful of using debt, because liquidity and leverage are proven to have negative effect on firm value.
MUTUAL AID IN SOCIAL REINTEGRATION OF FORMER TERRORIST PRISONER IN INDONESIA
Authors: ASRORI SAIFUDIN , SYAUQI AHMAD
Published: September 2020

Abstract. The involvement of former terrorist prisoners in social and economic empowerment efforts, especially members or ex-convicts who disengage the terrorist groups is an interesting and unique phenomenon. This article aims to explore the empowerment of ex-terrorist convicted on de-radicalization and social reintegration disengaging terrorist back into society. Through interviews of several activists ex-Jihadist and observation of empowerment programs, this article conclude that the former terrorist prisoner’s engagement in the empowerment initiatives as an alternate of government deradicalization programs of former terrorist prisoner. This group became the ‘new community’ for ex-extremists to express various views and believe without concealment. The presence of this group is a potential asset in promoting narratives against radicalism and terrorism in Indonesia. Abstraks. Pelibatan mantan narapidana teroris dalam upaya pemberdayaan sosial dan ekonomi, khususnya anggota atau mantan narapidana yang memisahkan diri dari kelompok teroris merupakan fenomena yang menarik dan unik. Artikel ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi pemberdayaan eks narapidana teroris melalui deradikalisasi dan reintegrasi sosial untuk kembali ke masyarakat. Melalui wawancara beberapa mantan aktivis jihadis dan observasi program pemberdayaan, artikel ini berkesimpulan bahwa pelibatan mantan narapidana teroris di dalam upaya pemberdayaan sebagai program deradikalisasi alternatif dari pemerintah terhadap para eks napi teroris. Mereka bisa menjadi sebuah komunitas baru untuk para eks-ekstremis dalam mengungkapkan pandang dan keyakinan mereka secara terang-terangan. Kehadiran kelompok (mereka) ini menjadi aset penting dalam upaya mendorong narasi terhadap radikalisme dan terorisme di Indonesia.
INTERAKSI ANTARA PELAKU PEMBUNUHAN DALAM KELUARGA DENGAN KORBAN DILIHAT DARI SUDUT PANDANG PELAKU
Authors: RAHAYU MULYANI , ROHAYATI ADE CICI
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Talking about murder means talking about the perpetrator, the victim and the occurrence of the murder itself. Many questions arise about this type of crime, including who is the perpetrator, who is the victim, what is the motivation of the perpetrator to kill the life of the victim, how chronological the incident is and so on. Various studies on killings show that most perpetrators of murder are people who were previously known to the victim. When someone we don't know is killed, maybe we don't care too much about it. Different if the person killed is someone we know close, while the culprit is a member of his own family. You could think twice about ignoring it. It is interesting to look at what if the murder occurred in the family. Through qualitative research on five informants of murder cases in the family, the researchers tried to describe how the stages of interaction were carried out by the perpetrators and victims. The data obtained using this in-depth interview technique shows that before this event occurred, there was a strong interaction between the perpetrator and the victim. The occurrence of this event is not solely a one-sided perpetrator's action, but precisely the victim's step makes a big contribution so that he is killed. Actors and victims also go through several stages of interaction before ending in murder. However, there are also cases that do not go through the stages of the overall interaction. Abstrak. Bicara hal pembunuhan berarti bicara pelaku, korban, dan peristiwa pembunuhan tersebut. Banyak pertanyaan muncul soal tipe kejahatan ini, termasuk siapa pelaku, korban dan atas motif apa pelaku mengakhiri nyawa korban, bagaimana kronologi peristiwa tersebut dan semacamnya. Banyak kajian pembunuhan menunjukkan bahwa kebanyakan pelaku pembunuhan adalah orang-orang yang sebelumnya dikenal oleh korban. Ketika seseorang yang tidak kita kenal terbunuh, mungkin kita tidak terlalu peduli. Beda cerita kalau yang terbunuh adalah orang yang kita kenal akrab, sedangkan pelakunya adalah anggota keluarganya. Kamu mungkin berpikir dua kali untuk mengabaikannya. Menarik untuk melihat bagaimana jika pembunuhan terjadi dalam keluarga. Melalui penelitian kualitatif terhadap lima kabar kasus pembunuhan di keluarga, peneliti mencoba mendeskripsikan bagaimana tahap-tahap interaksi terjadi antara pelaku dan korban. Data diperoleh melalui teknik wawancara mendalam menunjukkan bahwa sebelum peristiwa terjadi, terdapat interaksi antara pelaku dan korban. Terjadinya peristiwa ini bukan semata-mata tindakan pelaku sepihak, tapi langkah korban turut andil besar sehingga ia terbunuh. Pelaku dan korban juga menjalani beberapa tahapan interaksi sebelum berakhir dalam pembunuhan. Tetapi banyak juga kasus yang tidak melalui tapahan tersebut secara keseluruhan.
The Relationship of Macro-risk Indicators, Internal Factors, and Risk Profile of Islamic Banking in Indonesia
Authors: Santosa Perdana Wahyu , Setianingrum Any , Huda Nurul
Published: September 2020

This study is essential because Islamic banks have a higher NPF level than conventional banks and examine whether macroeconomic indicators (macro-risk), internal factors of banking (GCG-earnings-capital) risk profile correlate term Indonesian Islamic banking. The method used is the correlation analysis involving four macro-risk variables (Forex; BI rate; Inflation and GDP), three GEC variables (GCG; ROA, and CAR), and two risk profiles (FDR and NPF). The number of samples is the ten largest Indonesia sharia commercial banks with the 2011-2018 periods. This research finds that macroeconomic indicators positively correlate to non-performing financing (NPF). The GEC positively correlates to NPF and FDR; GEC is negatively correlated to macro-risk indicators. However, some indicators are negatively correlated, such as GDP-corporate governance, Forex-profitability, GDP-efficiency, BI rate-capital, and profitability-NPF. The study proposed managerial implications to understand the relationship between macroeconomic, internal factors, and risk profile in Islamic bank lending.JEL: D02; G21, G32How to Cite:Santosa, P. W., Setianingrum, A., & Huda, N. (2020). The Relationship of Macro-risk Indicators, Internal Factors and Risk Profile of Islamic Banking in Indonesia. Etikonomi: Jurnal Ekonomi, 19(2), xx – xx. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v19i2.15528.
Recent Development of Islamic Banking Performance Measurement
Authors: Setiawan Azis Budi , Amilin Amilin , Al Arif MNR
Published: September 2020

This study aims to review the development of research related to Islamic banks' performance measurement and various alternative models. It uses a meta-analysis approach to identify other previous studies from various journals and relevant researches. The results show that the measurement of Islamic bank performance mostly uses financial performance measurements similar to conventional bank performance measurements, which use financial ratios and efficiency. There have been several serious efforts to develop alternative models for measuring Islamic banks' performance to reflect their nature and objectives better. These models include the Islamicity Index, Economic Contribution and Muslim Communities, Social Performance Index, Maqashid Index, and Islamic Bank Maqashid Index. However, eventually, these models are still in the early stages of development and have several weaknesses. Thus, it is still necessary to develop a model for measuring Islamic bank performance relevant to its philosophy and objectives.JEL Classification: G21, L25How to Cite:Setiawan, A. B., Amilin., & Al Arif, M. N. R. (2020). Recent Development of Islamic Banking Performance Measurement. Etikonomi: Jurnal Ekonomi, 19(2), xx – xx. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v19i2.15706.
Risk Appetite and Investment Behavior: A Study on Indonesia Muslim Investors
Authors: Firmansyah Egi Arvian , Andanawari Nirmala
Published: September 2020

It has been nine years since the Indonesia Stock Exchange established a Syariah Online Trading System (SOTS), but the number of investors using this system is still relatively small compared to the regular investor. Moreover, the number is much smaller than the potential number of sharia financial markets. This study aims to describe Muslim investors' behavior in Indonesia who use the regular stock account instead of the sharia account. We surveyed by using both offline and online questionnaires, whereby the investors ask to compose the imaginary stock portfolios consisting of stocks and their weights. Using a convenience sampling method, we succeeded in interviewing 85 respondents spread across Indonesia. This study shows that the risk appetite of Indonesian Muslim investors is risk-averse, and they consider sharia aspects in their investment decision. Nonetheless, the compliance to sharia varies among them. Hence, Indonesian Muslim investors cannot be seen and treat as a homogenous group.        JEL Classification: G12, G15, G33How to Cite:Firmansyah, E. A., & Andanawari, N. (2020). Risk Appetite and Investment Behavior: A Study on Indonesia Muslim Investors. Etikonomi: Jurnal Ekonomi, 19(2), xx – xx. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v19i2.16062.
Effects of Leverage, Liquidity, and Profitability on The Rating of Sukuk
Authors: Nurohman Dede , Lutfiana Ilma Mufidatul , Khoiriawati Novi
Published: September 2020

The rating of Sukuk becomes the reflection of the capital markets' activities. The better rating of Sukuk, the more investor is interested in purchasing a Sukuk. This study aimed to examine the effects of leverage, liquidity, and profitability on Sukuk's rating. The technique of data analysis employed was ordinal logistic regression. The research result revealed that the leverage and liquidity affected the Sukuk. Meanwhile, the profitability did not affect the rating of Sukuk. The test result simultaneously showed that the leverage variable and liquidity affected the Sukuk rating. Overall, this study's research result supported the previous research that discovered the impacts of leverage and liquidity variables on Sukuk's rating. The implication is that companies should improve their leverage and liquidity performance to improve the bond rating.JEL Classifications: G1How to Cite:Nurohman, D., Lutfiana, I. M., & Khoiriawati, N. (2020). Effects of Leverage, Liquidity, and Profitability on The Rating of Sukuk. Etikonomi: Jurnal Ekonomi, 19(2), xx – xx. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v19i2.16274.
Electromagnetic Versus Blind Guidance of a Postpyloric Feeding Tube in Critically Ill Children
Authors: Jha Prashant , Rupp Lisa , Bonilla Lorraine , Gelfond Jonathan , Shah Jay N. , Meyer Andrew D.
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Postpyloric feeding tube placement is a time-consuming procedure associated with multiple attempts and radiation exposure. Our objective with this study is to compare the time, attempts, and radiation exposure using the electromagnetic versus blind method to place a postpyloric feeding tube in critically ill children. Our hypothesis is that using electromagnetic guidance decreases the procedure time, number of x-rays, and number of attempts, compared to the blind method.

METHODS:

Eleven pediatric nurses participated in a randomized controlled intention-to-treat study at an academic pediatric medical, surgical, and congenital cardiac ICU. University of Texas Health Epidemiology and Biostatistics generated a randomization sequence with sealed envelopes. A standard (2-sided) F-test of association between the electromagnetic and blind method yielded 40 subjects with 86% power. Data were analyzed with Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables and the Wilcoxon rank test for continuous variables, with data documented as median (interquartile range [IQR]).

RESULTS:

We randomly assigned 52 patients to either the electromagnetic (n = 28) or blind method (n = 24). The number of attempts and radiographs was at a median of 2 (IQR: 1–2.25) using the blind method, compared to the electromagnetic method at a median of 1 (IQR: 1.0–1.0; P = .001). Successful guidance was 96.4% with the electromagnetic method, compared to only 66.7% with the blind technique (P = .008). The total time required was 2.5 minutes (IQR: 2.0–7.25) with the electromagnetic method, compared to 19 minutes (IQR: 9.25–27.0) for the blind method (P = .001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Electromagnetic guidance is a superior, faster, and overall safer method to place a postpyloric feeding tube in critically ill children.
On a class of topological conjugacy with a homothety
Authors: Gurevich Elena Ya. , Makarov Aleksey A.
Published: September 2020

We consider a class H(Rn) of orientation-preserving homeomorphisms of Euclidean space Rn such that for any homeomorphism h∈H(Rn) and for any point x∈Rn a condition limn→+∞hn(x)→O holds, were O is the origin. It is proved that for any n≥1 an arbitrary homeomorphism h∈H(Rn) is topologically conjugated with the homothety an:Rn→Rn, given by an(x1,…,an)=(12x1,…,12xn). For a smooth case under the condition that all eigenvalues of the differential of the mapping h have absolute values smaller than one, this fact follows from the classical theory of dynamical systems. In the topological case for n∉{4,5} this fact is proven in several works of 20th century, but authors do not know any papers where it would be proven for n∈{4,5}. This paper fills this gap.
De sur a norte: barrio y clase en la Ultra Morada
Authors: Rodríguez Aguilar Onésimo Gerardo
Published: September 2020

Este ensayo explora algunas dinámicas desarrolladas por La Ultra Morada (Barra organizada de aficionados, fundamentalmente jóvenes, seguidores del Deportivo Saprissa, creada en abril de 1995), las cuales hacen referencia a la organización-estructuración de la esta. Además, otras dos dimensiones importantes en este colectivo juvenil son retomadas; a saber, la condición barrial y cierta especificidad clasista: permeadas por juegos hedónicos y lúdicos; los y las jóvenes integrantes de la barra no renuncian a la crítica y reflexión de sus cotidianidades; al contrario, las referencias al barrio y a la diferenciada posición material perfilan la construcción de subjetividades reflexivas desde posicionamientos extáticos y también viceversa. De igual forma, es importante señalar que el trabajo de campo del cual se desprende este artículo se realizó de 2003 a 2006 (como parte de una investigación modalidad tesis intitulada: “Entre cánticos y graderías: la construcción de un colectivo juvenil del ámbito futbolístico costarricense. El caso de La Ultra Morada”), lo cual pudiera implicar que muchas de las dinámicas del colectivo juvenil aquí descritas y reflexionadas se hayan “resignificado” o bien, tomado matices diferenciados.
Necesidades de conocimiento y desarrollo organizacional en la Región Central de Occidente meta-análisis de las investigaciones realizadas desde los seminarios de realidad nacional
Authors: Chavarría Carranza Carlos Yurán
Published: September 2020

Este artículo trata de las “resistencias al cambio” que afrontan organizaciones de la Región Central de Occidente (RCO), definidas aquí como necesidades de conocimiento (NC), que dificultan su desempeño interno y su eventual desarrollo y el de la región, de cara a las condiciones que impone el proceso de globalización neoliberal. Éstas fueron identificadas en 60 trabajos de investigación realizados desde los Seminarios de Realidad Nacional que se imparten en la Sede de Occidente de la Universidad de Costa Rica a lo largo de siete años. El análisis de cada trabajo permitió establecer que, de las 8 NC posibles, decantan como prioritarias conocer: cómo eliminar obstáculos para el trabajo eficiente, cómo incrementar la inclusión y satisfacción de las necesidades de las personas, cómo aprovechar habilidades y competencias para el trabajo en equipo y cómo fomentar una estrategia unificada. Se discute que, a pesar de la importancia para el desarrollo organizacional, la NC orientada a conocer cómo mejorar la manera en que las personas se identifican con los objetivos de la organización sólo se identificó en un caso, y la NC que busca establecer cómo fomentar nuevas formas de liderazgo, no se encontró en ninguna de las investigaciones revisadas.
Buenas prácticas en la prevención de conducir bajo la influencia del alcohol
Authors: Marín Picado Bradly , Prado Calderón Jorge Esteban
Published: September 2020

El 50% de la morbi-mortalidad vinculada a accidentes de tránsito está asociada con el consumo de alcohol. En Costa Rica, durante las últimas tres décadas, los accidentes de tránsito con alcohol de por medio aumentaron considerablemente. En este artículo, se realiza un análisis de los logros y limitaciones en la prevención de esta conducta en nuestro país, y una revisión de literatura internacional sobre modelos de prevención que han demostrado ser eficaces en el abordaje de dicha problemática
No envejecemos igual: la religiosidad y el género en adultos mayores del noreste de México
Authors: Acevedo Alemán Jesús , González Tovar José
Published: September 2020

La religiosidad y el género representan, en la actualidad, dos grandes desafíos para los estudiosos del tema del envejecimiento; bajo esta perspectiva, el presente documento tiene como objetivo el exponer los resultados finales en relación con las condiciones de vida en las cuales se encuentran los adultos mayores de la ciudad de Saltillo, Coahuila, México, en dichos factores y cómo se encuentran relacionados. El estudio consideró una muestra de 1.500 habitantes mayores de 65 años. Según los resultados de la investigación, se concluye que el proceso de envejecimiento y las variables, las cuales forman parte de este proceso, son elementos que se ven influidos por el género de pertenencia de los Adultos Mayores ( am ) por la religiosidad; por lo tanto, el rol tradicional que tienen en su familia afecta la manera en que se da el afrontamiento de la cotidianidad en el envejecimiento; y de ahí la importancia del contraste de estos resultados con los roles tanto individuales como con la familia en conjunto.
El doble conflicto de decisión de Heisenberg
Authors: Laca Arocena Francisco Augusto
Published: September 2020

Se describe, por una parte, el doble conflicto de decisión que se presenta cuando el individuo desea y simultáneamente no desea seguir un curso de acción, en el físico Werner Heisenberg. Conflicto respecto a las decisiones de exiliarse o permanecer en la Alemania nazi y respecto a en qué grado colaborar científicamente con el régimen nazi en la construcción de una bomba atómica. Por otra parte, se propone a discusión el hecho de que en el verano de 1945 mientras Oppenheimer era celebrado por su éxito en coordinar el proyecto Manhattan que posibilitó la destrucción atómica de Hiroshima y Nagasaki, Heisenberg permanecía detenido por su colaboración científica con el régimen nazi aún cuando ésta fuera parsimoniosa y limitada. Planteándose con ello el problema moral, pero también práctico de la relación entre la ciencia y el poder, cuando los científicos obligados a servir a este son juzgados posteriormente según las victorias o derrotas de dicho poder que personalmente no les son imputables.
Los procesos de diseño de trabajos finales de graduación en las unidades académicas de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales: normas, avances y desafíos
Authors: Araya Jiménez Lisbeth , Morera Guillén Nidia
Published: September 2020

Este artículo es uno de los primeros resultados materiales y concretos de los recientes esfuerzos de articulación asumidos por las unidades académicas de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales bajo la convocatoria del Decanato. El artículo da cuenta en primer lugar de la normativa que regula los procesos de diseño, ejecución y presentación de los Trabajos Finales de Graduación (TFG); en segundo lugar se caracteriza de manera concisa la formación académica en investigación en general y los cursos destinados directamente a apoyar los procesos de elaboración de los TFG; el tercer apartado hace un breve análisis comparativo, para concluir con la identificación de los principales fortalezas, debilidades y retos. El artículo finaliza con algunas alternativas de solución a los desafíos expuestos.
Necesidades de capacitación de las pymes del cantón de Bagaces
Authors: Bermúdez Carrillo Luis Alberto
Published: September 2020

Cuando se mencionan las necesidades que tienen las pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes) muchas veces se piensa en las que tienen que ver con financiamiento como la máxima; sin embargo, otras limitaciones o carencias pueden constituir factores fundamentales que les impidan poder desarrollar su potencial de una manera estratégica y precisa. Bajo este concepto, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo detectar las necesidades de capacitación que tengan las pymes del cantón de Bagaces, como prioritarias. Por sus características, esta investigación es de tipo descriptivo y está basada en la opinión de una muestra de 98 microempresarios a los que se les aplicó una encuesta para conocer sus opiniones. En general, según los resultados de esta consulta, la mayor cantidad de necesidades de capacitación detectadas tienen que ver con soporte legal y tributario, modelos de gestión y desarrollo organizacional, aspectos tecnológicos y aspectos de índole estructural.
Una encina (Quercus sp.) en monedas y billetes de Costa Rica (1848-1948)
Authors: Vargas Zamora José A.
Published: September 2020

En 1848 el Dr. Castro Madriz decretó la fundación de la República de Costa Rica y sus nuevas monedas. En las de plata se grabó un árbol de encina (Quercus sp.) como símbolo de la fortaleza y hospitalidad de la nueva República. Estas monedas fueron acuñadas entre 1850 y 1862 (1/4, 1/8 y 1/16 de Peso) y entre 1864 y 1875 (50, 25, 10, y 5 centavos de Peso). Este trabajo aporta información sobre el significado de la encina en el contexto socio-político de Costa Rica a mediados del siglo XIX. También se dan estimaciones de las cantidades acuñadas de cada valor, para un total aproximado de 1.871.000 monedas. Los cuartos de Peso de 1853 y 1855 son escasos, mientras que las de 50 centavos de 1975 son relativamente comunes y todas las denominaciones con poco desgaste son raras. El árbol de Q. salicifolia es similar al grabado en las monedas. Después de 1880 una rama de encina fue grabada en diferentes emisiones de papel moneda, especialmente como corona para la cabeza de la libertad. El último billete con este símbolo fue emitido en 1943, con valor de 1 colón.
Tendencias presupuestarias en el área de seguridad en México, 2006-2010. ¿Hacia la militarización del gasto público?
Authors: Pérez Lara Jorge Enrique
Published: September 2020

En el presente ensayo se desarrolla un análisis sobre la tendencia presupuestaria que han tenido las instituciones militares y de seguridad pública en México, para determinar si debido a la guerra contra el narcotráfico emprendida por el presidente Felipe Calderón, los presupuestos federales han seguido una tendencia hacia la militarización. De igual forma se realiza un comparativo entre las dependencias militares y las instituciones encargadas del desarrollo económico y social, para determinar si debido a la campaña militar se debilitó el gasto social para privilegiar el gasto militar.
LO GROTESCO Y EL ARTE CONTEMPORÁNEO LATINOAMERICANO THE GROTESQUE AND THE LATIN AMERICAN CONTEMPORARY ART
Authors: López Get Anthony
Published: September 2020

El presente artículo analiza el discurso grotesco como discurso estético/político contracultural, enalgunas de las obras de los artistas José Alberto Hernández de Costa Rica, y Regina José Galindo deGuatemala. Como representantes del arte conceptual latinoamericano, estos dos artistas contemporáneosexploran elementos de la realidad humana tanto desde una perspectiva universal, como regional.Mediante el uso de la estética grotesca, Hernández y Galindo rompen con los estándares artísticos delmainstream, explorando distintos medios, técnicas, e incluso temáticas que horrorizan, disgustan al/laespectador/a, pero a la vez lo/la atraen y fascinan, al mostrarle una perspectiva opuesta a la estéticatradicional del arte occidental, y dándole una voz propia al arte latinoamericano.
JÓVENES EN EDAD ESCOLAR Y EMBARAZO NO PLANEADO
Authors: Casas Álvarez José Gustavo , Solorio Pérez Carlos David
Published: September 2020

En este artículo se discute acerca de la designación de “embarazo deseado/no deseado”. Se parte de la consideración de que esta denominación se ha utilizado de forma acrítica. Está manifiesto un sentido particular en el contexto discursivo del estado mexicano y se puede leer como el síntoma de una concepción parcial y ambigua del embarazo, particularmente cuando se habla de jóvenes en edad escolar. Se argumenta que, en el contexto educativo contemporáneo, conviene reflexionar acerca de cómo se interpreta y afronta el embarazo en las instituciones familiar y escolar, pues estamos ante un evento que suele poner en crisis, no sólo a las partes involucradas, sino a una concepción de lo que debe y puede ser la educación sexual. El embarazo escolar se ha abordado como un hecho indeseable, cuestión que se remarca con la denominación de “no deseado”, asunto paradójico y cuestionable, toda vez que es un acontecimiento que puede ser entendido y abordado desde una óptica comprensiva e incluyente, si se repiensa la manera de designarlo.