bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A harbour on land: De Ceuvel’s topologies of creative reuse
Authors: Barba Lata Iulian , Duineveld Martijn
Published: June 2019

In this paper we explore creative reuse as a critical and imaginative mode of urban practice. By engaging with the case of De Ceuvel, an experimental community located in Amsterdam Noord, we submit three main affordances of creative reuse. Reuse value is accordingly discussed in relation to (a) abandonment, (b) the co-constitutive character of experimentation, and (c) the circulation of heterogeneous ideas and materials. In moving beyond circumstances of disposal and dissolution, the three affordances are evocative of a salvage value regime, which transcends conventional narratives of the city and a siloed treatment of urban sustainability. Based on the findings, we suggest that creative reuse interventions enact infrastructures of curatorship, capable of unsettling particular ways of dwelling, learning and narrating the city.
Identification of Secondary Crash Risk Factors using Penalized Logistic Regression Model
Authors: Kitali Angela E. , Alluri Priyanka , Sando Thobias , Wu Wensong
Published: June 2019

Secondary crashes (SCs) have increasingly been recognized as a major problem leading to reduced capacity and additional traffic delays. However, the limited knowledge on the nature and characteristics of SCs has largely impeded their mitigation strategies. There are two main issues with analyzing SCs. First, relevant variables are unknown, but, at the same time, most of the variables considered in the models are highly correlated. Second, only a small proportion of incidents results in SCs, making it an imbalanced classification problem. This study developed a reliable SC risk prediction model using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) penalized logistic regression model with Synthetic Minority Oversampling TEchnique-Nominal Continuous (SMOTE-NC). The proposed model is considered to improve the predictive accuracy of the SC risk model because it accounts for the asymmetric nature of SCs, performs variable selection, and removes highly correlated variables. The study data were collected on a 35-mi I-95 section for 3 years in Jacksonville, Florida. SCs were identified based on real-time speed data. The results indicated that real-time traffic variables and primary incident characteristics significantly affect the likelihood of SCs. The most influential variables included mean of detector occupancy, coefficient of variation of equivalent hourly volume, mean of speed, primary incident type, percentage of lanes closed, incident occurrence time, shoulder blocked, number of responding agencies, incident impact duration, incident clearance duration, and roadway alignment. The study results can be used by agencies to develop SC mitigation strategies, and therefore improve the operational and safety performance of freeways.
Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Humeral Trochlea: Characterization of a Rare Disorder Based on 28 Cases
Authors: Wang Kemble K. , Bixby Sarah D. , Bae Donald S.
Published: June 2019

Background:

Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the humeral trochlea is very rare. It may cause pain, mechanical symptoms, and loss of elbow motion, typically in the adolescent athlete. However, little published information is available regarding this condition.

Purpose:

To describe the clinical presentation, radiographic features, and prognosis of trochlear OCD.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

Over a 10-year period, 28 patients presented to a tertiary pediatric hospital with trochlear OCD. Medical records and imaging were analyzed to characterize presentation, lesions appearances, and outcomes.

Results:

Mean ± SD age at presentation was 13.4 ± 1.6 years, and 13 of the 28 patients were male. The most common presenting symptom was pain (93%), followed by crepitus (54%). Evidence of trochlear OCD could be seen on initial radiographs in 94% of cases but was commonly missed. Coexisting capitellar OCD lesions were the most common associated abnormalities seen on magnetic resonance imaging (21%). Investigators noted 2 predominant patterns: “typical” trochlear OCD lesions (89%) were located on the lateral crista of the trochlea, 3.1 ± 4.4 mm lateral to the apex of the trochlear groove. This location corresponded to the medial tip of the capitellar epiphyseal ossification center and was not actually on the trochlear ossification center. “Atypical” trochlear OCD lesions (11%) were located more posteromedially. Trochlear OCD lesions in 4 elbows were managed surgically, while the remainder were managed nonoperatively. At mean ± SD follow-up of 13 ± 8 months, 12 patients (43%) were asymptomatic. A further 5 patients had ongoing crepitus but no pain (18%), and 4 patients (14%) underwent surgical treatment for their trochlear OCD (osteochondral fixation, n = 1; drilling/curettage, n = 3); 3 of the 4 patients experienced some improvement in pain.

Conclusion:

Although rare, trochlear OCD can cause considerable elbow problems. Clinicians should be aware of this differential diagnosis. Plain radiographs should be carefully scrutinized for subtle signs of trochlear OCD, particularly in the repetitive or overhead athlete with elbow pain. Although most patients’ symptoms will improve with activity modification, some may require surgery.
The story of the camera, a case study of an art therapy large group
Authors: Skaife Sally , Morris Lesley , Tipple Robin , Velada Diana
Published: June 2019

This article presents a research-based case study on the Art Therapy Large Group on a MA training in Art Psychotherapy, a group that has a similar role to the large group in a therapeutic community. The group situates itself between a large verbal group, an art therapy group and performance art. Photographs, taken as part of the research by staff and students during four consecutive sessions of the group, are presented and related to: a written narrative of the group, to a staff recorded discussion and to notes from a student focus group. The method is an iterative process, moving between the verbal and visual that parallels the process of the group itself. The group revolves around responses to the camera, telling a story of power, gender and desire. The findings are three-fold: firstly, that art making and performance are thinking process in themselves and containing of affect; secondly, questions are raised about the nature of dialogue in group analytically based large groups which is here extended to include the material and the physical; lastly, dominant thinking on educational methods is questioned.
Suicide and Self-Harm in Recent Immigrants in Ontario, Canada: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Saunders Natasha Ruth , Chiu Maria , Lebenbaum Michael , Chen Simon , Kurdyak Paul , Guttmann Astrid , Vigod Simone
Published: June 2019

Objective:

To estimate the rates of suicide and self-harm among recent immigrants and to determine which immigrant-specific risk factors are associated with these outcomes.

Methods:

Population-based cohort study using linked health administrative data sets (2003 to 2017) in Ontario, Canada which included adults ≥18 years, living in Ontario ( N = 9,055,079). The main exposure was immigrant status (long-term resident vs. recent immigrant). Immigrant-specific exposures included visa class and country of origin. Outcome measures were death by suicide or emergency department visit for self-harm. Cox proportional hazards estimated adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results:

We included 590,289 recent immigrants and 8,464,790 long-term residents. Suicide rates were lower among immigrants ( n = 130 suicides, 3.3/100,000) than long-term residents ( n = 6,354 suicides, 11.8/100,000) with aHR 0.3, 95% CI, 0.2 to 0.3. Male–female ratios in suicide rates were attenuated in immigrants. Refugees had 2.1 (95% CI, 1.3 to 3.6; rate 6.1/100,000) and 2.8 (95% CI, 2.5 to 3.2) times the likelihood of suicide and self-harm, respectively, compared with nonrefugee immigrants. Self-harm rate was lower among immigrants ( n = 2,256 events, 4.4/10,000) than long-term residents ( n = 68,039 events, 9.7/10,000 person-years; aHR 0.3; 95% CI, 0.3 to 0.3). Unlike long-term residents, where low income was associated with high suicide rates, income was not associated with suicide among immigrants and there was an attenuated income gradient for self-harm. Country of origin-specific analyses showed wide ranges in suicide rates (1.4 to 9.9/100,000) and self-harm (1.8 to 14.9/10,000).

Conclusion:

Recent immigrants have lower rates of suicide and self-harm and different sociodemographic predictors compared with long-term residents. Analysis of contextual factors including immigrant class, origin, and destination should be considered for all immigrant suicide risk assessment.
Transforming Earth Science Education Through Immersive Experiences: Delivering on a Long Held Promise
Authors: Klippel Alexander , Zhao Jiayan , Jackson Kathy Lou , La Femina Peter , Stubbs Chris , Wetzel Ryan , Blair Jordan , Wallgrün Jan Oliver , Oprean Danielle
Published: June 2019

The value of field trips is undisputed across disciplines. Field-site visits whether in social or physical sciences provide grounding for place- and discovery-based learning. Yet field trips have limitations that can now be overcome by the promise of immersive technologies that can improve quality and accessibility. This promise is twofold: First, we can harness advancements made in sensing technologies to create immersive experiences of places across the earth efficiently; second, we can provide detailed empirical evaluations on immersive learning and quantify educational value. We report on a study that splits an introductory geosciences course into two groups with one group experiencing a traditional field trip, while a second group visits the same site virtually, immersing the students in the site using a head-mounted device. Results show the advantages of virtual field trips (VFTs) concerning enjoyment, learning experience, and actual lab scores. We embed the discussion of these results into a more general assessment of the advantages of VFTs and a taxonomy of VFTs as a basis for future studies.
An Immersive Learning Platform for Efficient Biology Learning of Secondary School-Level Students
Authors: Rao Dhawaleswar C. H. , Saha Sujan Kumar
Published: June 2019

Immersive learning is one of the leading trends in education. Immersive learning uses a simulated or artificial environment for a better learning experience. Design of intelligent learning platform and motivating content development is one key aspect of immersive learning. In this article, we propose an intelligent computer-assisted learning platform that helps school-level students in self-learning. Specifically, the proposed platform focuses on biology learning. The learning platform performs several tasks including automatic identification of important terms and concepts, identification of questionable sentences, visualization of key concepts through relevant images, and conducting a mock test for confidence building. Various techniques have been adopted for the development of the individual functionalities. Working of the individual modules is evaluated by two human experts. In addition, in an individual-level learning setup, the platform is used by 50 Class IX students for studying a module. They provided feedback on the system through a questionnaire. Both the human expert-based and questionnaire-based evaluation results demonstrate that the platform offers satisfactory performance.
Change of Teacher Beliefs, But Not Practices, Following Integration of Immersive Virtual Environment in the Classroom
Authors: Mills Kelly , Jass Ketelhut Diane , Gong Xiaoyang
Published: June 2019

Immersive virtual environments (IVEs) model scientific inquiry practices and can provide rich learning experiences for students. However, the teacher is an essential component of how the students engage with the technology, as they embed the IVE into everyday teaching and learning. Ideally, classroom pedagogies would reflect the scientific practices modeled in the IVE to the best extent possible. In this case study, we explore how one teacher enacted authentic scientific practices after 3 years of IVE implementations plus participation in the corresponding professional development (PD) experience. Although the teacher believed that the inquiry practices modeled in the IVE and the PD were an important part of his teaching, these beliefs were not transferred into practice. Our findings suggest that PD should include opportunities for teachers to reflect on their own practice integrating technology and consider external factors contributing to pedagogical change beyond PD.
The coast of California as the long projected hub for the Spanish Empire in the Pacific, 1523–1815
Authors: Gurpegui José Antonio
Published: June 2019

This article defends the theory that Spain attempted to establish a port on the coasts of the current state of California two centuries before the expedition led by Gaspar de Portolá and Junípero Serra in 1769. This is evident in various maritime expeditions set forth to find the mythical Straight of Anyan and establish a secure port for the Manila Galleon in its ‘tornaviaje’. The Portolá/Serra expedition was therefore the conclusion, rather than the start, of settlement in the Bay of Monterrey.
Maritime journeys of European opera in the Indonesian archipelago, 1835–1869
Authors: Sugiyama Akiko
Published: June 2019

Professional performers of European opera began to arrive in Batavia in the 1830s. More performers set foot in Batavia in the next three decades and presented the often-matching selections of Italian and French opera. By the end of the 1860s the touring circuit of the itinerant performers encompassed leading port cities and towns, including Semarang, Surabaya and Padang. This article argues the coming of professional European opera to the Indonesian archipelago and greater maritime Asia was connected to the nineteenth-century operatic expansion in which the middling and intrepid singers transmitted current works of European opera to frontier regions. The journeys of the operatic pioneers to and from the Indonesian archipelago also mirrored an ongoing structural shift in coastal shipping from a business dominated by British merchant fleets to one serviced by the private firms under the contract of the Dutch East Indies government.
Mughals and the ‘maritime dynamic’ along the maritime frontier in Gujarat, c.1572–1759
Authors: Khwaja Aasim
Published: June 2019

The literature relating to the nature, scope and legacy of the engagement of the Mughals with the maritime space in the early modern era is beset with certain inadequacies. The consensus has it that a sophisticated commercial system functioned along the Gujarat coast, centred at Surat, largely independent of the presence of the Mughals per se in the region. This article re-examines the role of the Mughals to reveal a more dynamic picture that accounts for the paradoxes that riddle current understanding of this vital aspect of Mughal history.
Research on the optimal combination and scheduling method of crowdsourcing members in a cloud design platform
Authors: Chen Jian , Mo Rong , Chu Jianjie , Yu Suihuai , Fan Jiashuang , Cheng Fangmin
Published: June 2019

Cloud design has become a potential emerging design service mode. More and more design service providers are clustered in a cloud design platform to become crowdsourcing members. Collaborative tasks published by the platform are usually performed by several crowdsourcing members, and the collaborative mode of crowdsourcing members is an asynchronous collaborative working mode. However, due to the variety of crowdsourcing members in terms of ability, time, and so on, how to combine crowdsourcing members into a rational crowdsourcing team has become a challenge. At the same time, due to the looseness and uncertainty of their collaborative mode, there is no effective guidance mechanism in the cooperation process. Therefore, we propose a method of crowdsourcing the optimal combination and scheduling of members. By evaluating the comprehensive abilities of crowdsourcing members, the method optimizes the selection of suitable crowdsourcing members for each subtask and combines them into a crowdsourcing team. At the same time, besides establishing a collaborative workflow simulation model to plan the timing of subtasks and the workflow of crowdsourcing members, the method also optimizes and schedules crowdsourcing members to process different subtasks in turn. Finally, in the case of the collaborative design task of a medical analgesia pump, this method is used to establish a rational crowdsourcing team for collaborative tasks and effectively plan the collaborative work process of crowdsourcing members. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is feasible and effective.
Tooth modification and loaded tooth contact analysis of China Bearing Reducer
Authors: Sun Xiaoxiao , Han Liang , Wang Jian
Published: June 2019

China Bearing Reducer (CBR) is a one-stage cycloid speed reducer, which has the advantages of large transmission ratio, large load, high precision, high stiffness, and compact structure. The profile modification quality and manufacturing error of cycloid gear are the key factors affecting the transmission accuracy. In this paper, the structure of CBR is introduced first. By means of tooth contact analysis, a new parabolic profile modification method is proposed to improve the transmission accuracy. Then, by using Hertzian contact theory, force equilibrium equations and deformation compatibility conditions, a loaded tooth contact analysis algorithm of CBR is proposed to analyze the loaded transmission characteristics. According to the designed manufacturing error, the objective function is established to minimize the transmission error under nonload condition, and the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the optimal modification coefficients. Finally, the CBR25 is manufactured with the optimum modification coefficients, and the manufacturing error is measured in coordinate measuring machine to verify that it meets the design requirements. The optimal modification coefficients of CBR25 under nonload are solved based on particle swarm optimization model. Then the optimal modification coefficients are substituted to loaded tooth contact analysis to analyze the meshing contact force, contact deformation, and transmission error of CBR25. The transmission error of the CBR25 is tested on the testing rig. The error between the measured results and the calculated results of loaded tooth contact analysis is within 5%, which shows the correctness of the loaded tooth contact analysis algorithm. At the same time, the operation stability of the CBR25 is improved by using the optimal modification method.
Hydrodynamic design of an advanced submerged propulsion
Authors: Jiang Jing-Wei , Huang Wei-Xi
Published: June 2019

A new kind of advanced submerged propulsion is automatically modeled and analyzed based on the hydrodynamic and cavitation performance. A mathematical algorithm is proposed to describe the fusion-duct, which is controlled by several design parameters, including section diameters, section lengths, and inlet shape and aspect ratio. The hydrodynamic performances of 13 cases with different parameter combinations are numerically simulated. The simulation is carried out by solving the Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes equations with STAR-CCM+, and the SST k-ω turbulence model is applied. The curves of rotor thrust and torque, stator thrust and duct resistance, along with efficiency and merit coefficient are obtained as functions of the advance coefficient and are compared for different cases. Meanwhile, the pressure distribution on both sides of the rotor and the flow field of intermediate section are systematically analyzed. To guide future designs, an impact factor is further defined and calculated to quantify the effects of different parameters. The results indicate that the section diameters have the most significant influence on hydrodynamic and cavitation performances.
Numerical research on sloshing of free oil liquid surface based on different baffle shapes in rectangular fuel tank
Authors: Zhang Enhui
Published: June 2019

Oil liquid sloshing is a normal physical phenomenon in fuel tank under variable conditions of vehicles. Installing baffles in fuel tank is an effective method to suppress oil liquid sloshing. The influence of different baffle shapes on the pressure of oil liquid sloshing and time-area value is the focus of this work. Four factors influencing the baffle shape and baffles of six different shapes are provided in this research. The pressure history curves of oil liquid sloshing at the central point and on the central line, the history curves of velocity of oil liquid mass and volume, oil liquid pressure contours, and the position diagrams of free oil liquid surface were obtained and compared in fuel tanks with baffles of different shapes. Compared with the sloshing pressure of oil liquid and time-area values in fuel tanks with baffles of different shapes, the sloshing pressure of oil liquid at the central point is the smallest in fuel tank with baffles of corrugated shape, and the sloshing pressure of oil liquid on the central line is the smallest in fuel tank with baffles of straight-line shape. However, the baffles of corrugated shape are most beneficial to reduce time-area values.
A practical methodology to prioritise reprofiling sites for corrugation removal
Authors: Grassie SL
Published: June 2019

A method is proposed to determine objectively where track or a railway system should be reprofiled to control corrugation. The method includes criteria that are pertinent to corrugation in different wavelength ranges. It has been applied successfully over eight years on one tram system. Measurements also illustrate how it could have been applied to a metro line. Examples of ‘track memory’ are given insofar as corrugation remains more or less fixed even after reprofiling.
One-dimensional modeling for tip clearance leakage vortex trajectory and stall-onset prediction in subsonic centrifugal impellers
Authors: Zhang Chaowei , Dong Xuezhi , Liu Xiyang , Gao Qing , Tan Chunqing , Zeng Detang
Published: June 2019

Two one-dimensional models are established for the tip leakage vortex trajectory and rotating stall-onset point prediction respectively for subsonic centrifugal impellers. The goal of modeling is to supply an effective estimation strategy of the stall-onset point for use in the one-dimensional performance prediction stage. The tip leakage vortex trajectory prediction is a critical part of the stall-onset prediction. The proposed one-dimensional model (one-dimensional tip leakage vortex trajectory model) to predict the tip leakage vortex trajectory is based on blade loading, i.e. the velocity difference between the pressure and suction surfaces. The loading function considers the effect of radial rotation, blade turning, and passage width variation. Compared with the computational fluid dynamics results, the current model shows reasonable accuracy, with an average relative error below 12.35%. The one-dimensional prediction model (Model II) is developed to determine the stall-onset point, where the interface between the tip leakage flow and the main flow spills from the blade leading edge. In this model, the momentum balance analysis is applied to identify the position of the interface. The parameter of the tip leakage vortex trajectory in Model II is determined by one-dimensional tip leakage vortex trajectory model. The effective origin of the tip leakage flow is correlated with the rotational speed and tip clearance. The effectiveness of Model II is validated with the experimental and computational fluid dynamics results using three impellers. Compared with the conventional model (Model I), Model II shows better accuracy, with a maximum error of about 7.42%.
Understanding Nature and Its Cognitive Benefits
Authors: Schertz Kathryn E. , Berman Marc G.
Published: June 2019

Many people have the intuition that interacting with natural environments benefits their psychological health. But what has research actually demonstrated about the benefits of nature experience and the potential mechanisms underlying those benefits? This article describes empirical research on the cognitive benefits of interacting with natural environments and several theories that have been proposed to explain these effects. We also propose future directions that may be useful in exploring the extent of nature’s effects on cognitive performance and some potential mediating factors. Specifically, exposure to a variety of natural stimuli (vs. urban stimuli) consistently improves working memory performance. One potential mechanism for this is the perception of low-level features of natural environments, such as edge density in the visual domain. Although low-level features have been shown to carry semantic information and influence behavior, additional studies are needed to indicate whether perceiving these features in isolation is necessary or sufficient for obtaining the cognitive benefits of interacting with nature.
Evaluation of a serum ELISA for detection of bovine leukemia viral antibodies in milk samples
Authors: Evermann James F. , DeAvila David M. , Parish Steven M. , Merritt Catherine H. , Noble Katherine C. , Srikanth Sampath , Bronowski Amanda L. E.
Published: June 2019

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection has worldwide distribution in both dairy and beef herds. Our study was initiated in order to encourage control of BLV infection by using milk samples, in lieu of serum samples, to readily test lactating animals prior to dry-off and calving. Two Holstein dairy herds (A and B), with known status of BLV infection as determined by serology, were sampled by the collection of serum and fresh milk samples. Selected samples were tested using a USDA-licensed BLV antibody ELISA kit (Bovine leukemia virus antibody test kit; VMRD, Pullman, WA) for serum. Forty-one lactating cows from each herd were sampled. Herd A was confirmed to have endemic BLV infection; herd B was confirmed to be free of BLV infection. The milk ELISA results demonstrated 100% identification of positive and negative animals compared with the serum results. The correlation of the ELISA values between serum and milk samples was 97%, which supports the use of this BLV ELISA on milk samples.
What Are Staff Perceptions About Their Current Use of Emergency Departments for Long-Term Care Residents at End of Life?
Authors: Kaasalainen Sharon , Sussman Tamara , Durepos Pamela , McCleary Lynn , Ploeg Jenny , Thompson Genevieve ,   the SPA-LTC Team
Published: June 2019

The goal of this study was to examine current rates of resident deaths, Emergency Department (ED) use within the last year of life, and hospital deaths for long-term care (LTC) residents. Using a mixed-methods approach, we compared these rates across four LTC homes in Ontario, Canada, and explored potential explanations of variations across homes to stimulate staff reflections and improve performance based on a quality improvement approach. Chart audits revealed that 59% of residents across sites visited EDs during the last month of life and 26% of resident deaths occurred in hospital. Staff expressed surprise at the amount of hospital use during end of life (EOL). Reflections suggested that clinical expertise, comfort with EOL communication, clinical resources (i.e., equipment), and family availability for EOL decision making could all affect nondesirable hospital transfers at EOL. Staff appeared motivated to address these areas of practice following this reflective process.
Feeling Hurt: Revisiting the Relationship Between Social and Physical Pain
Authors: Ferris Laura J. , Jetten Jolanda , Hornsey Matthew J. , Bastian Brock
Published: June 2019

Pain overlap theory has generated decades of controversy and still receives considerable research attention. A major advance has been the revelation that social and physical pain activate similar neural regions, providing suggestive evidence of a “piggybacked” alarm system that coevolved to detect social exclusion. Recent developments, however, have brought neural evidence for pain overlap into question. We analyze these developments from a social psychological perspective and identify the need for a reformulated approach. To meet this need, we provide a framework that a priori predicts generalized overlap and specific divergence across a range of biopsychosocial domains. The framework points to a functional pattern for similarities and differences, which can be utilized to generate testable hypotheses so that the field can move forward. To demonstrate the utility and promise of the framework, we identify key hypotheses relating to attention, motivation, and responses to pain, and review research relevant to these hypotheses.
Management of severe stifle trauma: 2. Periarticular fractures
Authors: Conte Alessandro , Addison Elena
Published: June 2019

Practical relevance:

Periarticular stifle fractures are uncommon but challenging injuries to treat. There may be concurrent damage to the ligaments and stabilising structures of the stifle joint itself, which should also be evaluated (see Part 1 of this article series). Improved knowledge of the fixation options and biomechanical challenges of these injuries will aid clinical decision-making and effective repair.

Clinical challenges:

Due to their nature, periarticular fractures may have small juxta-articular fragments, which require additional thought to address during stabilisation. In juvenile animals, these fractures typically involve the physis and often can be managed with cross pin fixation. In adult cats, locking fixation, specialised plates or external skeletal fixators can be utilised to address the juxta-articular fragments. Readers should also be aware of patellar fracture and dental anomaly syndrome (PADS), where cats develop insufficiency fractures affecting the patella and proximal tibia. A careful oral examination should be performed in affected patients, as these cats may have persistent deciduous teeth. Close attention should be paid to preoperative radiographs for evidence of chronicity of the injury including sclerosis of the patella, remodelling and blunting of the fracture lines.

Aims:

The aims of the article are to review the current literature surrounding periarticular fractures of the stifle joint and to summarise the diagnosis, treatment, outcome and complications of each fracture type. As well as discussing general fracture fixation and biomechanical principles applicable to both dogs and cats, information is provided on specific issues facing cats, such as PADS.

Evidence base:

Published data is limited, with reports including only a small number of cats. The information and recommendations in this article have therefore been drawn from a combination of the available literature and the authors’ clinical experience.
A Case-Mix System for Adults with Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Fries Brant E , James Mary L , Martin Lynn , Head Michael J , Stewart Shannon L , Park Pil S
Published: June 2019

Effective management of publicly funded services matches the provision of needed services with cost-efficient payment methods. Payment systems that recognize differences in care needs (eg, case-mix systems) allow for greater proportions of available funds to be directed to providers supporting individuals with more needs. We describe a new way to allocate funds spent on adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) as part of a system-wide Medicaid payment reform initiative in Arkansas. Analyses were based on population-level data for persons living at home, collected using the interRAI ID assessment system, which were linked to paid service claims. We used automatic interactions detection to sort individuals into unique groups and provide a standardized relative measure of the cost of the services provided to each group. The final case-mix system has 33 distinct final groups and explains 26% of the variance in costs, which is similar to other systems in health and social services sectors. The results indicate that this system could be the foundation for a future case-mix approach to reimbursement and stand the test of “fairness” when examined by stakeholders, including parents, advocates, providers, and political entities.
Lost in translation? Transferring creativity insights from arts into management
Authors: Ancelin-Bourguignon Annick , Dorsett Chris , Azambuja Ricardo
Published: June 2019

Since the early 2000s the business sector has, as a matter of both professional and academic concern, repeatedly advocated the transfer of artistic practices, especially those deemed exemplary forms of creativity, to a management world grappling with new challenges – a claim we here call the ‘transferability thesis’ in order to consider the responses made to what Boltanski and Chiapello define as an artistic critique of capitalism. Drawing on the wide range of relevant academic literature, this article critically examines the plausibility of the ‘thesis’. To this end, we review analytical literature advocating artistic transfers alongside empirical work that examines art interventions within organizations. Both are important components of a broader organizational aesthetics approach even though, we contend, neither strands of research provide a plausible argument for meaningful transferability. We then draw on arts-based literature, management theory and psychology to compare notions of creativity at both ends of the proposed transferral process. We highlight convergence and variance in art and business thinking, noting fundamental mismatches with regard to utility, rationalization and heteronomy – three levels of incompatibility that make a genuine transplantation of art ideas highly unlikely. Finally, we discuss our critical contribution in relation to the specious status of the ‘thesis’ and the centrality of Boltanski and Chiapello’s triadic model of capitalism to our investigation. By way of a conclusion, we suggest that further research is needed to examine the symbolic nature of appeals to artistic creativity by management.
Multiple sclerosis relapse risk in the postoperative period: Effects of invasive surgery and anesthesia
Authors: De Lott Lindsey B , Zerafa Samantha , Shedden Kerby , Dunietz Galit Levi , Earley Michelle , Segal Benjamin M , Braley Tiffany J
Published: June 2019

Background:

Postoperative multiple sclerosis (MS) relapses are a concern among patients and providers.

Objective:

To determine whether MS relapse risk is higher postoperatively.

Methods:

Data were extracted from medical records of MS patients undergoing surgery at a tertiary center (2000–2016). Conditional logistic regression estimated within-patient unadjusted and age-adjusted odds of postoperative versus preoperative relapse.

Results:

Among 281 patients and 609 surgeries, 12 postoperative relapses were identified. The odds of postoperative versus preoperative relapse in unadjusted (odds ratio (OR) = 0.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.18–1.79; p = 0.33) or age-adjusted models (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.20–2.16; p = 0.49) were not increased.

Conclusions:

Surgery/anesthesia exposure did not increase postoperative relapse risk. These findings require confirmation in larger studies.
Flipped pedagogy and student evaluations of teaching
Authors: Samuel Michelle L
Published: June 2019

A common concern of faculty members is student evaluations of teaching scores. Many factors influence student evaluations of teaching including how the course is designed. This study investigated student evaluations of teaching across three pedagogical techniques: the traditional lecture (where lectures were not recorded), recorded lectures, and a flipped classroom model. A between-subject design was used over three semesters. Student evaluations of teaching showed that students rated the instructor significantly higher in a flipped classroom setting. Students also reported liking the course more using the flipped pedagogical technique. Since the flipped format improved both teaching evaluations and student perceptions of the class, this could be useful for instructors when they are deciding how to set up the format of their class.
Digital ruins
Authors: Miller Vincent , Garcia Gonzalo C
Published: June 2019

In recent years, Geography has seen a rebirth of interest and appreciation of ruins, abandoned and neglected spaces of industrial modernity. This work has often emphasised the sensuousness of the material contextualisation of industrial ruins largely in terms of the phenomenological experience of decay, disorder and blight, or the affective elements of these spaces through concepts such as ‘ghostliness’ and ‘haunting’. This article is an investigation into ruins or abandoned spaces which do not have materiality or temporality: digital ruins. Existing in a kind of eternal present, such spaces do not decay, yet still demonstrate many of the affective, phenomenological and existential experiences of what we understand to be ruin, abandonment or blight. Using autoethnographic research of a variety of abandoned and nearly abandoned virtual worlds, this article will reconsider the notions of ‘ruin’ within the increasingly important context of digital spaces, the utopian rhetoric which framed the development of these worlds, and situate the digital ruin within a wider critique of digital prosumerism.
Listening otherwise: attuning to the caring-chaos of a refugee and asylum drop-in service
Authors: Ellul-Knight Ben
Published: June 2019

This article argues for the need to develop a politics of listening attuned to the sonic environments of caring encounters. Drawing on a sonic ethnography conducted with a refugee and asylum seeker community centre in Greater Manchester, this article explores the ‘affective economies’ of listening and how everyday caring encounters come to be imbued with state affects while still holding the potential to challenge such power structures. This article articulates a politics of listening otherwise attuned to the sensuous intensities of the everyday. Sound is a visceral phenomenon, and our listening responses are always unpredictable; what creates a sense of coherence or solidarity between some could provoke feelings of unease in others, and therefore, can be equally felt as a disruptive noise. To elucidate an ordinary politics of listening, this article draws on semi-structured conversations with refugee and asylum seeker friends and attendees of the drop-in, discussions with those who work and volunteer and a narrative vignette drawn from a sonic ethnographic listening diary and field recordings.
Multi-rate data fusion for dynamic displacement measurement of beam-like supertall structures using acceleration and strain sensors
Authors: Zhu Hongping , Gao Ke , Xia Yong , Gao Fei , Weng Shun , Sun Yuan , Hu Qin
Published: June 2019

Accurate measurement of dynamic displacement is important for the structural health monitoring and safety assessment of supertall structures. However, the displacement of a supertall structure is difficult to be accurately measured using the conventional methods because they are either inaccurate or inconvenient to be set up in practice. This study provides an accurate and economical method to measure dynamic displacement of supertall structures accurately by fusing acceleration and strain data, which are generally available in the structural health monitoring system. Dynamic displacement is first derived from the measured longitudinal strains based on geometric deformation without requiring mode shapes. An optimization technique is utilized to optimize the deployment of strain sensors for achieving more accurate strain-derived displacement. The strain-derived displacement is then combined with measured acceleration via a multi-rate Kalman filtering approach. Applications to a numerical supertall structure and a laboratory cantilever beam verify that the proposed method accurately estimates displacement including both high-frequency and pseudo-static components, under different noise cases and sampling rates. A full-scale field test on the 600 m-high Canton Tower is implemented to validate the applicability of the proposed method to real supertall structures. Error analysis demonstrates that the data fusion displacement is more accurate than the global position system-measured displacement in the time and frequency domains.
mixmcm: A community-contributed command for fitting mixtures of Markov chain models using maximum likelihood and the EM algorithm
Authors: Saint-Cyr Legrand D. F. , Piet Laurent
Published: June 2019

Markov chain models and finite mixture models have been widely applied in various strands of the academic literature. Several studies analyzing dynamic processes have combined both modeling approaches to account for unobserved heterogeneity within a population. In this article, we describe mixmcm, a community-contributed command that fits the general class of mixed Markov chain models, accounting for the possibility of both entries into and exits from the population. To account for the possibility of incomplete information within the data (that is, unobserved heterogeneity), the model is fit with maximum likelihood using the expectation-maximization algorithm. mixmcm enables users to fit the mixed Markov chain models parametrically or semiparametrically, depending on the specifications chosen for the transition probabilities and the mixing distribution. mixmcm also allows for endogenous identification of the optimal number of homogeneous chains, that is, unobserved types or “components”. We illustrate mixmcm‘s usefulness through three examples analyzing farm dynamics using an unbalanced panel of commercial French farms.
xtspj: A command for split-panel jackknife estimation
Authors: Sun Yutao , Dhaene Geert
Published: June 2019

In this article, we present a new command, xtspj, that corrects for incidental parameter bias in panel-data models with fixed effects. The correction removes the first-order bias term of the maximum likelihood estimate using the split-panel jackknife method. Two variants are implemented: the jackknifed maximum-likelihood estimate and the jackknifed log-likelihood function (with corresponding maximizer). The model may be nonlinear or dynamic, and the covariates may be predetermined instead of strictly exogenous. xtspj implements the split-panel jackknife for fixed-effects versions of linear, probit, logit, Poisson, exponential, gamma, Weibull, and negbin2 regressions. It also accommodates other models if the user specifies the log-likelihood function (and, possibly but not necessarily, the score function and the Hessian). xtspj is fast and memory efficient, and it allows large datasets. The data may be unbalanced. xtspj can also be used to compute uncorrected maximum-likelihood estimates of fixed-effects models for which no other xt (see [XT] xt) command exists.
Generalized two-part fractional regression with cmp
Authors: Wulff Jesper N.
Published: June 2019

Researchers who model fractional dependent variables often need to consider whether their data were generated by a two-part process. Two-part models are ideal for modeling two-part processes because they allow us to model the participation and magnitude decisions separately. While community-contributed commands currently facilitate estimation of two-part models, no specialized command exists for fitting two-part models with process dependency. In this article, I describe generalized two-part fractional regression, which allows for dependency between models’ parts. I show how this model can be fit using the community-contributed cmp command (Roodman, 2011, Stata Journal 11: 159–206). I use a data example on the financial leverage of firms to illustrate how cmp can be used to fit generalized two-part fractional regression. Furthermore, I show how to obtain predicted values of the fractional dependent variable and marginal effects that are useful for model interpretation. Finally, I show how to compute model fit statistics and perform the RESET test, which are useful for model evaluation.
Fuzzy differences-in-differences with Stata
Authors: de Chaisemartin Clément , D’Haultfœuille Xavier , Guyonvarch Yannick
Published: June 2019

Differences-in-differences evaluates the effect of a treatment. In its basic version, a “control group” is untreated at two dates, whereas a “treatment group” becomes fully treated at the second date. However, in many applications of this method, the treatment rate increases more only in the treatment group. In such fuzzy designs, de Chaisemartin and D’Haultfœuille (2018b, Review of Economic Studies 85: 999–1028) propose various estimands that identify local average and quantile treatment effects under different assumptions. They also propose estimands that can be used in applications with a nonbinary treatment, multiple periods, and groups and covariates. In this article, we present the command fuzzydid, which computes the various corresponding estimators. We illustrate the use of the command by revisiting Gentzkow, Shapiro, and Sinkinson (2011, American Economic Review 101: 2980–3018).
Grade functions
Authors: Gallup John Luke
Published: June 2019

Student grade processing using Stata is more reliable than methods like spreadsheets and saves the user timeh, especially when courses are repeated. In this article, I introduce functions that automate some useful grade calculations: the functions curve grades according to combinations of a target grade mean, maximum, standard deviation, and percentile cutoff; convert between numerical grades and letter grades; and convert between 0–100 grades and 0–4 grades (grade point average). The functions can also convert between other grading scales, such as those used in other countries.
Emergence and Evolution of the Urban Public Open Spaces of Ankara within the Urban Development History: 1923 to Present
Authors: Cinar Ozdil Nevruz , Vejre Henrik , Bilsel Fatma Cana
Published: June 2019

Public open space (POS) in Ankara reflects both the negative and positive aspects of urban change. Evolving public space development strategies in Ankara played a fundamental role in the protection, promotion, and enhancement of POS from 1923 to 2017. This study shows that while the POS development of the city was addressed as an integrative and comprehensive structure in the entire city by the Lörcher (1924–1925) and Jansen (1932) plans, the subsequent approaches to POS were more superficial, piecemeal, and simplistic.
Perceptual and cognitive determinants of tactile disgust
Authors: Saluja Supreet , Stevenson Richard J
Published: June 2019

Tactile cues are said to be potent elicitors of disgust and reliable markers of disease. Despite this, no previous study had explored what the full range of tactile properties are that cue disgust, nor how interpretation of these sensations influences disgust. To answer these questions, participants were asked to touch nine objects, selected to cover the range of tactile properties, and evaluate their sensory, affective, and risk-based characteristics (primarily how sick they thought the object would make them). Object contact was manipulated in four ways, with participants randomly allocated to corresponding groups—one that could see the objects (i.e., the control) and three that could not (i.e., the blind groups). To manipulate disease risk interpretation of the objects, labelling was used on the blind groups, with one receiving Disgust-Labels, one True-Labels and one no labels. Disgust was strongly associated with sticky and wet textures, and moderately with viscous, cold, and lumpy textures, suggesting adherence-to-skin may predict disgust. The participants in the disgust-labelled condition had the highest disgust ratings, and this was mediated by their increased sickness belief and fear of the objects. Object identification was poor when labels or visual cues were absent. Our findings suggest that tactile disgust may reflect a bottom-up sensory component—skin adhesion—moderated by judgements of disease-related threat.