bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microscope-AOtools: a generalised adaptive optics implementation
Authors: Hall Nicholas , Titlow Josh , Booth Martin J. , Dobbie Ian M.
Published: August 2020

Aberrations arising from sources such as sample heterogeneity and refractive index mismatches are constant problems in biological imaging. These aberrations reduce image quality and the achievable depth of imaging, particularly in super-resolution microscopy techniques. Adaptive optics (AO) technology has been proven to be effective in correcting for these aberrations, thereby improving the image quality. However, it has not been widely adopted by the biological imaging community due, in part, to difficulty in set-up and operation of AO. The methods for doing so are not novel or unknown, but new users often waste time and effort reimplementing existing methods for their specific set-ups, hardware, sample types, etc. Microscope-AOtools offers a robust, easy-to-use implementation of the essential methods for set-up and use of AO elements and techniques. These methods are constructed in a generalised manner that can utilise a range of adaptive optics elements, wavefront sensing techniques and sensorless AO correction methods. Furthermore, the methods are designed to be easily extensible as new techniques arise, leading to a streamlined pipeline for new AO technology and techniques to be adopted by the wider microscopy community.
Time-resolved imaging of settling mineral dust aerosols with digital holography
Authors: Gaudfrin Florian , Santos Eduardo , Presley DeAnn , Berg Matthew J.
Published: August 2020

A method is described to approximate the 3D form and distribution of mineral dust (MD) aerosol particles based on digital in-line holographic imaging. The concept involves constructing a 3D geometrical hull of a particle defined by image-perimeter curves from a sequence of 2D images. Measuring holograms every ten milliseconds results in a video revealing the flow of the MD particles in 3D. Examples of two MD samples of different mean particle-size are presented.
Charting the media innovations landscape for regional and rural newspapers
Authors: Hess Kristy , Waller Lisa
Published: August 2020

This article charts a scholarly framework for understanding media innovation in Australia’s non-metropolitan news environments. We adopt a geo-social methodology to explore strategies for the betterment of small country newspapers and the societies they serve in the digital era. In doing so, we do not discount the importance of digitization, but contend that a narrow ‘digital first’ focus is eclipsing other important aspects of local news and generating blind spots around existing and evolving power relationships that might impede or foster innovation. We advocate for a six-dimensional approach to shaping innovation for rural news organizations – one that is relational because it foregrounds the connections between digital, social, cultural, political, economic and environmental concerns. Here, the central question is not how country newsrooms can innovate in the interests of their own viability but rather how they can build resilience and relevance in the interests of the populations and environments that sustain them.
Making sense of the 'is' of constitution.
Authors: Zerbudis Ezequiel
Published: August 2020

I consider a problem that arises in connection with (alleged) cases of coincident objects, such as a statue and the lump of clay it is made of, and that affects the two main accounts of such cases, namely, Pluralism (according to which statue and lump are distinct) and Monism (according to which they are one). The problem is that both views seem committed to give strained interpretations of some statements describing the situation. I consider Pickel's arguments against the Pluralist's strategy of interpreting 'is' as expressing constitution in sentences such as 'The statue is the lump of clay', and provide reasons for rejecting them - so as to eventually vindicate the Pluralist position.
Quasi-truth and incomplete information in historical sciences
Authors: Arenhart Jonas Rafael Becker , Costa Vítor Medeiros
Published: August 2020

Quasi-truth is a formal approach to a pragmatically-oriented view of truth. The basic plan motivating the framework consists in providing for a more realistic account of truth, accommodating situations where there is incomplete information, as typically happens in the practice of science. The historical sciences are a case in hand, where incomplete information is the rule. It would seem, then, that the quasi-truth approach would be the most appropriate one to deal with historical sciences, then. In this paper, we explore this possibility and use the historical sciences as a test case for the approach of quasi-truth. Our claim is that, on what concerns historical sciences, the quasi-truth approach fails in two basic senses; first, by misrepresenting some cases concerning incomplete information, and second, by falling short of accounting for many features of incomplete information peculiar to historical sciences. We conclude that, despite its stated goals, quasi-truth must be either amended or substituted if the goal of a more faithful representation of scientific practice is to be achieved.
PELAKSANAAN FUNGSI BADAN PERMUSYAWARATAN DESA TERHADAP PENYELENGGARAAN PEMERINTAHAN DESA
Authors: Setyaningrum Christine Ayu , Wisnaeni Fifiana
Published: August 2020

Pemerintah desa adalah Kepala Desa dan Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD). Keberadaan BPD merupakan representasi masyarakat yang mempunyai fungsi : membahas dan menyepakati Rancangan Peraturan Desa bersama Kepala Desa, menampung dan menyalurkan aspirasi masyarakat Desa, melakukan pengawasan kinerja Kepala Desa. Pada pelaksanaan BPD Plumbon mendapat tantangan dengan adanya konflik terhadap Kepala Desa. Penelitian ini membahas pelaksanaan dan kendala fungsi Badan Permusyawaratan Desa terhadap penyelenggaraan pemerintahan di Desa Plumbon. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode yuridis empiris dengan analisa kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa fungsi BPD Plumbon tidak berjalan dengan baik karena : keanggotaan Badan Permusyawaratan Desa Plumbon yang “asal tunjuk”, tidak adanya pembinaan khusus dari pemerintah daerah, pola hubungan BPD dan Pemerintah Desa yang kurang harmonis, konflik antara warga desa dengan kepala Desa. Upaya untuk mengatasi hambatan dengan menumbuhkan partisipasi aktif masyarakat, menyelenggarakan pembinaan dan pengawasan dari pemerintah daerah, perbaikan hubungan BPD dan Pemerintah Desa, penyelesaian konflik masyarakat dengan kepala desa.
SISTEM PERTANAHAN KERATON YOGYAKARTA SEBAGAI DAERAH OTONOMI KHUSUS
Authors: Dwiyansany Shenita , Wardhani Lita Tyesta Addy Listiya
Published: August 2020

Indonesia merupakan negara kesatuan yang kekuasaannya dibagi ke daerah-daerah melalui pemberian otonomi daerah atau pemberian wewenang kepada daerah-daerah untuk mengurus dan mengatur rumah tangganya sendiri melalui desentralisasi atau melalui dekonsentrasi. Yogyakarta dalam hal ini merupakan suatu daerah yang memiliki kekhususan dalam penyelenggaraan otonomi daerahnya. Sistem pertanahan keraton Yogyakarta merupakan salah satu keistimewaan yang terdapat dalam peraturan daerah Yogyakarta. Sistem pertanahan nasional dengan sistem pertanahan adat pada Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta ini adalah merupakan sebuah sistem yang tidak dapat di persamakan. Metode penelitian bersifat yuridis normatif, dimana data yang diperoleh dianalisa secara kualitatif. Pemberian kewenangan dalam otonomi khusus yang diberikan kepada D.I.Y memiliki arti penting sejarah asal usul yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari adat istiadatnya.
PEMENUHAN HAK-HAK PEKERJA RUMAHAN DALAM POLA USAHA KEMITRAAN ANTARA PERUSAHAAN DENGAN PEKERJA RUMAHAN
Authors: Edry Rizky Putra , Musyafah Aisyah Ayu
Published: August 2020

Perlindungan hak-hak pekerja rumahan masih belum jamak menjadi diskursus dalam hukum ketenagakerjaan meskipun UUD 1945 telah menjamin hak atas perlakuan yang adil dalam hubungan kerja. Pola usaha kemitraan adalah salah satu cara yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan agar dapat mempekerjakan pekerja rumahan dengan alasan efisiensi. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengkaji jaminan hak-hak pekerja rumahan, penerapan pola usaha kemitraan pada pekerja rumahan dan dampaknya. Adapun metode yang digunakan adalah yudiris-empiris. Hasil penelitian adalah pola usaha kemitraan tidak dapat diterapkan dalam relasi perusahaan dengan pekerja rumahan karena selain tidak memiliki dasar hukum juga berdampak pada tidak terpenuhinya hak-hak pekerja rumahan.
PENANGANAN PERKARA ANAK DALAM PERSPEKTIF JAKSA PENUNTUT UMUM
Authors: Sitanggang Betania Fransiska , Cahyaningtyas Irma
Published: August 2020

Adanya kewenangan khusus oleh Undang-Undang No. 11 Tahun 2012 Tentang Sistem Peradilan Anak kepada Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia merupakan amanah baru bagi seluruh jaksa penuntut umum di Indonesia khususnya di Kota Semarang. Kewenangan ini dilihat dari penanganan perkara sebanyak 58 (lima puluh delapan). Banyaknya kasus tersebut diakibatkan kompleksitas yang muncul oleh kejahatan yang dilakukan anak, baik itu pengaruh lingkungan pergaulan anak ataupun kurangnya pengawasan orang tua. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan sociolegal. Hasil Penelitian pertama menunjukan bahwa selama tahun 2016-2018 jaksa penuntut umum telah berhasil menyelesaiakn perkara anak dengan diversi sebanyak 2 (dua) perkara, sedangkan perkara yang tidak berhasil dilakukan diversi disebabkan adanya hambatan dari orang tua/wali korban atau pelaku. Sedangkan hasil penelitian kedua menunjukan bahwa model diversi yang selama ini dilakukan sudah saatnya bergeser dengan menggunakan model family group conference. Dengan menggunakan model penyelesaian family group conference maka keterlibatan orang tua/wali, keluarga korban/pelaku, dan masyarakat lingkungan setempat akan terlihat objektif dalam menyelesaikan kasus kejahatan anak.
Penerapan Prinsip Pertanggungjawaban Negara Terhadap Kasus Pelanggaran HAM Etnis Rohingya Di Myanmar
Authors: Setiyani Setiyani , Setiyono Joko
Published: August 2020

Negara sebagai pemangku HAM mempunyai kewajiban untuk menjamin pelaksanaan HAM di wilayah negaranya. Apabila negara tidak menunaikan kewajibannya maka negara telah melakukan pelanggaran HAM. Pelanggaran HAM yang terjadi akan menimbulkan pertanyaan tentang siapa yang akan bertanggung jawab atas suatu pelanggaran HAM. Pelanggaran HAM yang terjadi di Myanmar yang menimpa etnis Rohingya telah terjadi sejak tahun 1962. Diawali dengan diskriminasi dan berujung pada pelanggaran HAM berat. Artikel ini dibuat untuk mengetahui bagaimana pertanggungjawaban negara Myanmar atas pelanggaran HAM yang terjadi. Tulisan ini dibuat menggunakan metode penelitian doktrinal dengan kajian pustaka untuk mengumpulkan data. Sebagai negara hukum, Myanmar memiliki kewajiban untuk menjamin HAM warga negaranya tanpa unsur diskriminasi. Myanmar dalam kasus ini harus bertanggung jawab kerugian dan kerusakan yang terjadi. Pelanggaran HAM merupakan salah satu state wrongfull action adapun bentuk tanggung jawabnya adalah dengan melakukan tindakan penghentian dan penegakan hukum dan HAM terhadap pelakunya serta menjamin bahwa pelanggaran HAM yang serupa tidak akan terjadi lagi.
Study on Particle Swarm Optimization Variant and Simulated Annealing in Vapor Liquid Equilibrium Calculation
Authors: Oktavian Rama , Wibowo Agung Ari , Fitriah Zuraidah
Published: August 2020

Phase equilibrium calculation plays a major rule in optimization of separation process in chemical processing. Phase equilibrium calculation is still very challenging due to highly nonlinear and non-convex of mathematical models. Recently, stochastic optimization method has been widely used to solve those problems. One of the promising stochastic methods is Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) due to its simplicity and robustness. This study presents the capability of particle swarm optimization for correlating isothermal vapor liquid equilibrium data of water with methanol and ethanol system by optimizing Wilson, Non-Random Two Liquids (NRTL), and Universal Quasi Chemical (UNIQUAC) activity coefficient model and also presents the comparison with bare-bones PSO (BBPSO) and simulated annealing (SA). Those three optimization methods were successfully tested and validated to model vapor liquid equilibrium calculation and were successfully applied to correlate vapor liquid equilibrium data for those types of systems with deviation less than 2%. In addition, BBPSO shows a consistency result and faster convergence among those three optimization methods. Keywords: Phase equilibrium, stochastic method, particle swarm optimization, simulated annealing and activity coefficient model
Effect of Long Lasting Terguride Treatment on Mutual Relationship Between Glycide and Lipid Parameters in SHR/N-cp Koletsky Rats
Authors: Golda Věroslav , Hilgertová Jiřina
Published: August 2020

Experiments were performed in the genetically hypertensive obese rats of Koletsky type (SHR/N-cp) and in their lean siblings. The effect of long lasting terguride treatment on glycide and lipid metabolism was monitored.Terguride decreases insulinemia in all groups of rats. In all groups of rats terguride increases tolerance glucose.Terguride increases insulin binding to erythrocytes in all groups of rats except SHR/N-cp obese females.The mentioned drug decreases plasma triglycerides in SHR/N-cp obese females. On the other hand, this drug increases plasma triglycerides in SHR/N-cp obese males. Correlation between basal glycemia and insulin binding to erythrocytes as well as between triglycerides and insulinemia which was found in control SHR/N-cp lean males is missing under the terguride treatment. Similarly, correlation between plasma triglycerides and insulinemia, glucose tolerance and insulinemia,basal glycemia and insulinemia,plasma triglycerides and basal glycemia are missing under the terguride treatment in SHR/N-cp lean females.Under the terguride treatment there appears correlation between insulin binding to erythrocytes and basal glycemia.We found in SHR/N-cp obese males opposite changes in number of correlations when we compare control and terguride animals. While in controls only one correlation was detected, i.e.,correlation between glucose tolerance and insulin binding to erythrocytes, then under the terguride treatment there appear correlations when basal glycemia is computed versus insulin binding to erythrocytes or to glucose tolerance and/or to triglycerides. Moreover, there is under the terguride treatment correlation insulin binding to erythrocytes versus plasma triglycerides or versus insulinemia.While in SHR/N-cp lean of both sexes and in SHR/N-cp obese males profound changes in the number of statistically significant correlation coefficients were found when controls are compared with animals under the terguride treatment, the different picture we found in SHR/N-cp obese females,i.e.,under the terguride treatment correlation basal glycemia versus insulinemia or versus insulin binding to erythrocytes as well as correlation insulin binding to erythrocytes versus insulinemia is present in controls as well as in terguride treated animals. In comparison with controls under terguride only two correlations are missing, i.e., glucose tolerance versus insulinemia or versus insulin binding to erythrocytes.
Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of a Giant Pseudoaneurysm of the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract
Authors: Liu Zihou , Zhang Wei , Wang Qiang
Published: August 2020

Pseudoaneurysm (PSA) of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) is an exceedingly rare adverse event after the surgical reconstruction of the RVOT for the treatment of congenital heart disease. We report an unusual giant PSA of RVOT in a 20-month-old child, who underwent correction of the tetralogy of Fallot. Her main symptoms were in the respiratory system, and chest X-ray also revealed the giant space-occupying lesion in the chest, which could’ve been misdiagnosed as a respiratory disease. After evaluation by the combination of echocardiography and cardiac computer tomography angiogram, the details of PSA were diagnosed, and surgical but not percutaneous intervention was selected. The exclusion of PSA successfully was performed by the femoral cannulation, exploratory through right ventriculotomy, closure of the defect using the Gore-Tex patch, and application of a retained drainage-tube inside the PSA.
Hacia una visión biopragmática de la conciencia humana
Authors: Rodríguez Angélica María
Published: August 2020

Los diversos estudios que circundan en la literatura de la filosofía de la mente nos acercan a la comprensión de la conciencia desde estudios fisicalistas, naturalistas, y eliminativistas, los cuales, en su mayoría, terminan por sucumbir en el problema del dualismo (herencia cartesiana). La teoría del emergentismo searleano realiza su aporte sobre la comprensión de la naturaleza de la conciencia desde la contribución de las neurociencias, sin caer en reduccionismos y presenta una alternativa de superación del dualismo. Pese a ello, al analizar la teoría naturalista de Searle se evidencia que esta resulta ser insuficiente para comprender la naturaleza del fenómeno mental, además de caer en un nuevo dualismo: naturaleza/sociedad. Razón por la cual, en este escrito se realizará un análisis de la teoría searleana de la conciencia, con el fin de proponer al lenguaje como elemento constitutivo de la naturaleza de este estado mental y no como producto derivado de la mente. Es decir, se propone una concepción biopragmática de la conciencia; estudio en el que se sustenta que biología y pragmática del lenguaje son condiciones sine qua non para la existencia de niveles superiores de la conciencia y superar el dualismo natural/social.
Democracia y liberalismo: una relación pragmática
Authors: García Berger Mario
Published: August 2020

El propósito central de este ensayo es proponer que entre la democracia y el liberalismo existe una relación pragmática. Para ello primero rechazaré la tesis de que este nexo es de tipo lógico-conceptual, así como la idea de que se trata meramente de un nexo contingente, para lo cual retomaré las concepciones de John Stuart Mill y Hans Kelsen. En suma, lo que sostendré es que los modelos democráticos, en tanto métodos de creación normativa, no implican ni las libertades políticas ni las económicas, aunque sí hay lo que llamaré una relación pragmática entre la democracia y el liberalismo, por lo que ser demócrata y antiliberal, o liberal y no demócrata, es una contradicción performativa.
An Opaque Cell-Specific Expression Program of Secreted Proteases and Transporters Allows Cell-Type Cooperation inCandida albicans
Authors: Lohse Matthew B , Brenes Lucas R , Ziv Naomi , Winter Michael B , Craik Charles S , Johnson Alexander D
Published: August 2020

The opportunistic human fungal pathogen Candida albicans switches between two distinct, heritable cell types named “white” and “opaque.” Lohse et al. show that opaque cells, in respons.....
COVID-19 Inflammatory Syndrome With Clinical Features Resembling Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Spencer Robert , Closson Ryan C. , Gorelik Mark , Boneparth Alexis D. , Hough Rebecca F. , Acker Karen P. , Krishnan Usha
Published: August 2020

We describe 2 patients with coronavirus disease who had multiple clinical features suggestive of Kawasaki disease (KD). Both patients presented with fever lasting >5 days and were found to have rash, conjunctival injection, and swollen lips. One patient also had extremity swelling, whereas the other developed desquamation of the fingers. In both cases, laboratory results were similar to those seen in KD. These patients had highly unusual but similar features, and both appeared to respond favorably to treatment. It remains unclear whether these patients had true KD or manifestations of coronavirus disease that resembled KD.
Recomendaciones para la atención nutricional hospitalaria en pacientes con COVID-19. Revisión de la literatura
Authors: Pinzón-Espitia Olga Lucia , Pardo-Oviedo Juan Mauricio
Published: August 2020

Introducción. La enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) puede llevar a la hospitalización de los pacientes en los casos más graves; por tanto, es necesario establecer recomendaciones teórico-prácticas de intervención nutricional hospitalaria.
Objetivo. Identificar las recomendaciones dirigidas a los equipos de salud hospitalarios para brindar atención nutricional a pacientes hospitalizados mayores de 18 años e infectados con COVID-19.
Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura en PubMed mediante la siguiente estrategia de búsqueda: periodo de publicación: diciembre 1 de 2019 a marzo 21 de 2020; idiomas de publicación: inglés y chino; términos de búsqueda: “Coronavirus Infection”, “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome” y “Nutrition for Vulnerable Groups”.
Resultados. Se identificaron 283 artículos en la búsqueda inicial, de los cuales se seleccionaron 6 para analizar las prácticas de atención nutricional hospitalaria. Las áreas de investigación de estas publicaciones fueron soporte nutricional; evaluación de intervenciones para abordar y disminuir la severidad de las complicaciones pulmonares y hepáticas, y efectos de antioxidantes y ácidos grasos omega-3 en adultos con síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda.
Conclusión. Las recomendaciones para la atención nutricional hospitalaria en pacientes con COVID-19 se basan en procesos de cuidado nutricional y en la gestión de los servicios de alimentación; según estas recomendaciones, se deben establecer estrategias de evaluación de riesgo nutricional, realizar intervenciones de soporte nutricional que reduzcan el riesgo de desnutrición y vigilar los riesgos asociados a la administración del soporte nutricional y las alteraciones metabólicas asociadas a esta enfermedad.
Long term beef production in extensive cow-calf systems in the tropical savannas of eastern Colombia
Authors: Vera-Infanzón Raúl , Ramírez-Restrepo Carlos
Published: August 2020

Replacement beef heifers in extensive systems of the neotropical savannas of Colombia are low priority animals and are assigned to native savannas and low-quality pastures, with scarcely researched long-term consequences. The study pooled data from four contemporary grazing experiments to determine the effects of low growth rates of heifers on their lifetime production of liveweight gains (LWGs) per year and per hectare (ha) subject to different management strategies. Three growth rates were imposed on grazing heifers during the growing phase (i.e. nine-36 months of age) on Brachiaria humidicola pastures. Upon the end of the previous phase, animals were allocated to a B. humidicola paddock with a reduced stocking rate or introduced to a B. decumbens sward to allow compensatory LWGs during the breeding phase (i.e. cows plus weaned calves). Severely limited heifers allowed to make compensatory growth did not reach the outputs of better fed animals. Regardless of the strategy followed, high producing years tended to be followed by lower production in the following year. Comparison with reasonably fed breeding cows full-time on well-managed B. decumbens showed important and significant differences in favor of the more intensive system over the lifetime of the animals. Over the nine-year period, the systems’ beef output (i.e. weaned calves plus cows’ LWGs) ranged between 86 and 206 kg/ha/year and demonstrated that a wide array of low input management alternatives is feasible. Beef output increases if the LW of cull cows is considered, particularly if they are allowed a short period of fattening during the rainy reason on a low input pasture.
Predicting soil CO2 emissions and sinks due to soil management factors of Brachiaria decumbens pastures using Tier 2 IPCC Methodology
Authors: Silva-Parra Amanda , Mora-Delgado Jairo Ricardo , Barrera-Rojas Luz
Published: August 2020

Soil carbon sequestration refers to the process of transferring carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere into the soil. The objective of this research was to do a simulation of how soil management factors in pastures can contribute to mitigate climate change by reducing soil CO2-eq emissions due to increases of soil organic carbon.  In livestock systems of Cumaral (Meta), Colombia, IPCC Tier 2 methodology was used to compare changes in soils C stocks under (a) two pasture types: Brachiaria decumbens grass pastures (B1) and Brachiaria decumbens grass pastures associated with Pueraria phaseloides legume (B2); (b) four increasing doses of CaCO3: 0, 1.1, 2.2, 3.3 tons ha-1; (c) three sources of N, P, K fertilizers: 100 kg ha-1 Urea, 200 kg ha-1 Triple Superphosphate and 100 kg ha-1 Potassium Chloride. The statistical design was a randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement 2 x 4 x 3. Tukey test showed that the inclusion of kudzú in B. decumbens pasture (B2), 2.2 and 3.3 tons CaCO3 ha-1 in B1 and B2, and the fertilization of B1 with Urea and B2 with Triple Superphosphate showed a greater benefit in soil C accumulation and CO2-eq emissions neutralization. Adittional cluster analysis showed that B2 liming with higher lime doses regardless of the type of fertilizer used presented major soil C stored grouped in Cluster 1. We concluded that these soil management factors should be feasible to implement in pastures, that can help offset the negative effects of global climate change on livestock systems at tropical zones.
Distribución geográfica de la mortalidad por esclerosis múltiple en adultos Colombia (2010-2015)
Authors: Misnaza-Castrillón Sandra Patricia , Martinez Angarita Julio Cesar , Martínez Gomez Victor Manuel
Published: August 2020

Objetivo Caracterizar la distribución geográfica de la mortalidad por esclerosis múltiple en Colombia entre 2010 y 2015.Métodos Estudio descriptivo. Análisis de la mortalidad a partir de certificados de defunción entre 2010 y 2015. Cálculo de tasas de mortalidad departamentales y municipales ajustadas por sexo y edad.Resultados El 56,8% de las defunciones ocurrieron en mujeres y 28,7% en personas de 50 a 59 años. En 2010 la tasa de mortalidad nacional fue de 0,28 por cada 100 000 personas, y Casanare registró la más alta (0,59 por cada 100 000 personas). En 2011, la tasa fue de 0,24, y Buenaventura registró la más alta (0,51). En 2012, la tasa fue de 0,27, y Guajira registró la más alta (0,34). En 2013, la tasa fue de 0,27, y la más alta se presentó en Arauca (0,83). En 2014, la tasa fue de 0,32, y la más alta ocurrió en Putumayo (1,14). En 2015 la tasa fue de 0,23 y Santa Marta registró la más alta (0,58). Por municipios, Sativanorte, Arcabuco (Boyacá), San Miguel, la Paz (Santander) y la Merced (Caldas) registraron las mayores tasas.Conclusiones El comportamiento de la mortalidad por esclerosis múltiple es similar en el periodo de estudio. La mayor carga de mortalidad se registró en mujeres y en los municipios de Santander y Boyacá.
Tradição e Modernismo na construção da “nova” mulher do Estado Novo português: fotografia e propaganda no Boletim da Mocidade Portuguesa Feminina (1939-1947)
Authors: Marques Bruno Sousa , Guarda Israel Vindeirinho
Published: August 2020

As imagens que constroem o ideal de “nova” mulher do Estado Novo Português estabelecem um importante guia para compreender a forma heterodoxa e “contraditória” como foi usada a fotografia enquanto meio de inculcação de um modelo feminino consentâneo com a ideologia do regime. Estas revelam uma intrínseca dialética entre temas / formas “tradicionalistas” e “modernistas”. Tomando como objecto de análise as fotografias publicadas no Boletim da Mocidade Portuguesa Feminina (1939-1947), o objectivo deste artigo é compreender de que modo esta dialética é realizada ao serviço da propaganda do Estado Novo.
Revista Tipográfica (1888-1890): identidade profissional e condições técnicas nas oficinas tipográficas do Rio de Janeiro.
Authors: Luca Tania Regina de
Published: August 2020

Os tipógrafos, pela própria natureza da sua atividade, que pressupunha o domínio da leitura, escrita e do processo de produção de impressos, estiveram entre as categorias mais ativas no lançamento de títulos destinados a tratar de questões específicas do seu ofício, além de participarem, fosse como responsáveis e/ou colaboradores, de periódicos que extrapolavam o âmbito das oficinas gráficas e abordavam questões relativas à condição do trabalhador assalariado. Assim, em diferentes latitudes, essa categoria esteve entre as primeiras a organizar-se em associações e a valer-se da imprensa para publicizar suas demandas e leituras de mundo. Nesse artigo, o foco recai sobre a Revista Tipográfica, que circulou no Rio de Janeiro entre 1888 e 1890. Além de inserir a publicação em perspectiva histórica e fornecer um panorama de suas características, trajetória e responsáveis, objetiva-se evidenciar a percepção que os tipógrafos tinham de sua profissão, de que forma se autorrepresentavam e como avaliavam o estágio da arte tipográfica no Brasil, isso num momento em que publicações mais sofisticadas, do ponto de vista da impressão e das imagens, como A Ilustração (Paris, 1884-1892), tinham que ser produzidas além das fronteiras nacionais.
NEWSBOYS: SPANISH AMERICAN PATRIOT CHILDREN AND ‘THE HAZELWOOD MAGAZINE’ IN BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND, 1820s
Authors: Racine Karen
Published: August 2020

There was a close connection between the expansion of the press and experiments with new pedagogical strategies in the early industrial age. An expanding public school system required textbooks thus creating a whole new category of demand which appealed to printers who always on the lookout for reliable markets. At the same time, literacy was increasingly understood to be a desirable characteristic for a productive, patriotic citizenry. For a period of five years or so in the 1820s, several sons of important Spanish American patriot leaders were sent abroad to study in a progressive school called Hazelwood, near Birmingham in the heart of industrializing England. While there, the boys and their friends wrote and published a monthly periodical called the Hazelwood Magazine that clearly imitated the contents of professional newspapers andshared the underlying values of the medium.
Hydrodynamics Sabang Bay and Its Influence on Near Shore Sediment Transport, Weh Island, Indonesia
Authors: Wisha Ulung Jantama , Ilham Ilham
Published: August 2020

Sabang Bay is one of areas of significance in Weh Island that becomes a center of marine tourism. Recently, massive urban development in coastal areas impacts on the increase of marine pollution and sedimentation issues within the bay. This study aimed to determine hydrodynamic characteristics and its influence on evoking sedimentation within the bay. Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) was installed within the bay for 30 days, which recorded surface elevation, waves, and sea currents. Sediment transport along the coast was determined by comparing the sediment transport and waves energy component in the form of flux equation. Tidal current speed ranging from 0-0.2 m/s moves predominantly southeastward and northwestward during flood and ebb tides, respectively. Significant wave height (Hs) ranges from 0.18-1 m with the period span of 3.5 seconds propagates toward within the bay, resulting in enhanced sedimentation within the bay caused by the wave-induced scour and turbulence. Sediment budget transported within the bay reaches 1586.18 m3/year. This proves that the sediment movement extremely occurs within the bay wherein the concentration of suspended sediment ranges from 5-35 mg/L and 2-25 mg/L during the high tidal and low tidal conditions, respectively. Scour and turbulence events are strongly induced by internal solitary waves generated from the Andaman Sea that results in increased coarse-sized sediment deposition when the flood tide takes place. While, during ebb tide, the widespread distribution of suspended sediment will occur over the bay.
Deverbatives in Russian Dialects Spoken on the Territory of Mordovia
Authors: Akimova Elvira , Mochalova Tatiana
Published: August 2020

The article deals with deverbatives (names of actions) represented in Russian dialects spoken on the territory of the Republic of Mordovia. The research aim is to describe semantic peculiarities and uniqueness of the word formation and morphemic structure of the nouns belonging to this class. Deverbatives are considered as syncretic unities that are built by merging the grammatical features of both a verb and a noun, typical of the Russian language. The deverbative origin results in preserving the semantics of an abstract action; according to their semantic structure, they can be divided into two main groups: the actions performed by human beings and the ones without their participation. The latter are animals' and birds' motions, natural phenomena, stages in a process or time intervals. It is noted that some language units are subjected to specialization of lexical meaning, processual semantics loss sand are used to nominate an object, place or time of action. Deverbatives have been characterized as demonstrating underdeveloped system of paradigmatic relations. They are derived of national and dialectal verbal stems in full accordance with the general Russian word formation rules and models, including the most productive morphological pattern with its suffixal and zero affixation variants, and the least productive ones, as prefixation-suffixation and complex suffixation. Since deverbatives are closely connected with intellectual human activity, worldview and reality awareness, they constitute unique fragments of dialectal mentality.
English Terms of Terminological Field Legal Profession: Motivation of Choice and Translation
Authors: Kalmazova Nadezhda , Borisova Viktoria , Kuznetsova Julia
Published: August 2020

The article deals with the urgent issue of translation of special vocabulary. It has been proved, that effective study of English legal terminology by Russian native speakers is possible when there is profound knowledge of the corresponding piece of worldview shared by the English native speakers and understanding how the cognition of one nation is translated into the worldview of another nation. This understanding is achieved by means of studying concepts named by legal terms. The authors have systematized the difficulties, which appear in the process of English-Russian translation of the terms within the field of legal profession. Etymological, universal, national and professional conceptual layers named by the legal terms: barrister, solicitor, attorney, lawyer, адвокат, coroner, Personal Injury Law have been characterized, the peculiarities, which motivate representative variants of translation – found out. The appearance of new signs in the structure of concepts, represented by the terms legal research, discovery, legal writing has been detected; the choice of translation techniques applied for these terminological units is explained. The research has revealed the changes in the piece of worldview of the English native speakers connected with the appearance of new concepts named by the terms ediscovery and predictive coding. The choice of translation techniques has been justified.
Experimental study on two-phase flow and thermal performance in pulsating heat pipes
Authors: Wu Suchen , Zhou Hua , Yao Feng , Deng Zilong , Zhang Yan , Jiang Shusen
Published: August 2020

Pulsating heat pipes have shown great potential in the field of engineering applications, such as the cooling of microelectronic devices. The correlation between the flow characteristics and the thermal performance of the heat pipe still needs to be further explored. In this paper, the operation state and flow patterns inside pulsating heat pipes with two inner diameters of 1 and 2 mm are experimentally visualised and analysed. The effect of the inner diameter on the thermal performance of heat pipes is evaluated. The results indicate that the operating modes, including small pulsations, bulk pulsations and circulation are sequentially obtained in pulsating heat pipes with the increase of the heat input. The decrease of the inner diameter of pulsating heat pipes results in the capillary instability and the increase of the flow frictional resistance. When the filling ratio is 55%, the thermal performance of a pulsating heat pipe with an inner diameter of 2 mm is better than that of a pulsating heat pipe with an inner diameter of 1 mm.
Hekimlerin Kadına Yönelik Şiddet ile İlgili Bilgi ve Tutumlarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: AY Rukiye , KILINÇEL Şenay
Published: August 2020

Giriş: Bu çalışmada aile hekimlerinin de dahil olduğu farklı branşlarda çalışan hekimlerin ; şiddete maruz kalmış kadınları tanıyabilmesi, tedavi ve korunmaları yönünde destek olabilmeleri için gerekli bilgi ve tutumlarını saptamak amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: 250 gönüllü hekim çalışma kapsamına alındı.Tüm katılımcılara ‘Sosyodemografik ve klinik özellikler değerlendirme formu’ ve ‘Hemşire, ebe ve hekimlerin kadına yönelik şiddetin belirtilerini tanımalarına yönelik ölçek(alt ölçekleri duygusal belirtiler alt boyut /fiziksel belirtiler alt boyut) uygulandı
Bulgular: İş yaşamında kadına yönelik şiddet olgusu/şüphesi ile karşılaşma oranı aile hekimlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu. Aile hekimi ve acil tıp hekimlerinde fiziksel belirtler alt boyut, duygusal belirtiler alt boyut ve toplam puanlar istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede düşük saptandı.Mezuniyet öncesi alınan eğitimler ölçek puanlarını etkilemezken; mezuniyet sonrasında alınan eğitimlerle ölçek puanlarında anlamlı düşme olduğu saptandı
Sonuç: Bu çalışma bize hekimler için sık aralıklarla, pratiğe yönelik, kolay ulaşılabilir standart eğitimlerin düzenlenmesi ile kadına yönelik şiddet belirtilerini tanıma ve sonraki süreci yönetme konusunda bilgi düzeyi ve farkındalığın artırılmasının sağlanabileceğini düşündürmüştür.
Ölümle Sonuçlanan Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Olgularında Tıbbi Uygulama Hatası İddialarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÇOM Uğur , ÜZÜN İbrahim , GÜMÜŞ Burak
Published: August 2020

Amaç: Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum alanında ölüm gerçekleşmiş tıbbi uygulama hatası iddiası olgularının özellikleri ve adli tıbbi boyutu literatür eşliğinde değerlendirilerek, sağlık çalışanlarının ve kurumların tıbbi uygulama hatalarının ve uygulama nedeniyle yöneltilebilecek iddiaların azaltılması amaçlanmaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: 2012 – 2013 yıllarında Adli Tıp Kurumu (ATK) tarafından görüş bildirilmiş kadın hastalıkları ve doğum alanındaki sağlık görevlileri hakkında tıbbi uygulama hata iddiaları bulunan 452 olgu retrospektif olarak incelendi. Bulgular: Bilirkişi görüşü istenilen 452 olgunun % 8’inde (n:38) tıbbi uygulama hatası olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Tıbbi uygulama hata iddialarının en yüksek oranla Doğu Anadolu Bölgesinden, en sık özel hastanelerden ve uzman doktorlara yönelik davalardan kaynaklandığı gözlenmiştir. 35 yaş üzeri gebeliklerde maternal ölüm oranı, 35 yaş altı gebeliklere oranla anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Olguların en sık sezaryen doğum yaptığı (n:241, % 58,7) tespit edilmiş olup, normal doğum yapan olgulardaki tıbbi uygulama hatası varlığı, sezaryen doğum olgularındaki tıbbi uygulama hatası varlığından anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Hem jinekoloji olgularında, hem de maternal ölüm olgularında uterus atonisi en sık ölüm sebebi olurken, klinik tanı ile ATK tarafından belirlenen ölüm sebebi arasındaki ilişki değerlendirildiğinde; hem jinekoloji olguları, hem obstetrik olgular için uyumluluk oranının yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır (%58 -%61). Olgularda hem şikâyet, hem de tıbbi uygulama hatası nedeni olarak en sık özen eksikliği olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Tıbbi uygulama hata iddiası olgularında her olgunun kendi dinamikleriyle değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Tıbbi uygulamaların kayıtlarının eksiksiz tutulmasının ve hasta hekim iletişiminin en doğru şekilde sağlanmasının tıbbi uygulama hatasını ve iddialarını azaltabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Serviço social e cuidados paliativos: o que sinaliza a produção científica?
Authors: Cavalcanti Patricia Barreto , Pereira Claudenízia De Oliveira , Miranda Ana Paula Rocha de Sales , Lucena Carla Mousinho Ferreira
Published: August 2020

Trata-se de um artigo cujo objetivo central foi mapear a produção científica do Serviço Social em relação aos Cuidados Paliativos com base na consulta em periódicos e simultaneamente, identificar as articulações temáticas presentes em tal produção. A pesquisa foi do tipo exploratório, utilizando-se de uma revisão integrativa. O critério de inclusão, foi o de artigos publicados em periódicos Qualis A1; A2 e B1 do Serviço Social, em português, com textos completos disponíveis online na base de dados eletrônica Scielo, entre os anos de 2005 a 2018. Os descritores eleitos foram: Cuidados Paliativos e Serviço Social. Foram identificados e analisados 08 artigos. As articulações temáticas identificadas formam uma tríade que perpassa o Serviço SocialXequipe; Serviço SocialXpaciente/família; Serviço SocialXviabilizador de direitos sociais. A escassez da produção científica com os termos adotados no estudo, sinaliza a necessidade de maiores incursões teóricas do Serviço Social sobre os Cuidados Paliativos e suas nuances.
Obesidade, representações e categorização social
Authors: Justo Ana Maria , Camargo Brigido Vizeu , Bousfield Andréa Barbará Silva
Published: August 2020

Objetiva-se descrever as representações sociais (RS) e o processo de categorização social referentes à obesidade, a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa. Realizou-se entrevista semi-diretiva com 20 homens e 20 mulheres, com e sem excesso de peso e aplicou-se uma escala de silhuetas para avaliar a autoimagem. O processamento dos dados envolveu estatística descritivas e relacionais, com o auxílio SPSS e análise de conteúdo temático-categorial com o auxílio do software ATLAS TI, com elaboração de categorias emergentes a partir dos dados e em organização destas em eixos temáticos. Os resultados revelam que a diferente constituição corporal reflete em distintas representações e satisfação relativas ao corpo. A RS relativa à obesidade se organiza em três dimensões: origem, caracterização e consequências, constituindo uma teoria de senso comum sobre o fenômeno em questão. A forte pressão normativa contribui para a emergência de uma RS excessivamente estereotipada. Como consequência, ainda que sejam salientes os riscos de saúde atrelados ao excesso de peso corporal, a tendência é uma não identificação com essa condição, que contribui ao aumento de peso na população.
Ética e políticas de pesquisa nas ciências humanas e sociais
Authors: Hüning Simone Maria
Published: August 2020

Diante da publicação da Resolução nº 510/2016 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde, que regulamenta a ética em pesquisa com seres humanos nas ciências humanas e sociais (CHS), este artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre os limites de se pensar a ética em pesquisa a partir da ênfase na regulamentação e no controle dos procedimentos metodológicos da pesquisa, dissociada de uma política epistemológica. Argumenta-se que nosso modelo de regulamentação atual reitera a prevalência de uma lógica positivista e individualista que tem sido, com frequência, restritiva de estratégias de pesquisa e, muitas vezes, levado ao esvaziamento da reflexão ética. Ademais, o engessamento em torno de procedimentos burocratizados e regulamentações pode também produzir um apagamento de diferenças entre distintas abordagens teóricas e epistemológicas nas CHS. Diante dessas questões são desenvolvidos dois argumentos principais: a) que a ética não é passível de institucionalização e normalização; e b) que não é possível dissociar ética da política epistemológica da pesquisa. Conclui-se afirmando a necessidade de um investimento intelectual e político na desnaturalização do modelo vigente de regulamentação. Nesse sentido, indica-se a importância da inclusão de outros atores em um diálogo mais amplo e horizontal sobre a ética em pesquisa. Sugere-se pensar a ética a partir de coletivos não institucionalizados que envolvam mais do que participantes e pesquisadores, e promover sua constituição como alternativa ao modelo naturalizado dos comitês. Simultaneamente, necessita-se ampliar a reflexão ético-política na formação e nas práticas de pesquisa para pensar os sentidos e limites da produção científica.
O trabalho do assistente social e as estratégias de intervenção nos serviços de saúde de média complexidade em Timon (MA)
Authors: Nolêto Violêta Maria da Silva , Joazeiro Edna Maria Goulart
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo apresenta uma análise sobre o trabalho do assistente social e as estratégias de intervenção implementadas no cotidiano dos serviços de saúde de Média Complexidade no município de Timon, Estado do Maranhão, assim como busca compreender a questão social e a vulnerabilidade social no trabalho do assistente social no referido município. O estudo é um recorte da dissertação de Mestrado defendida no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Políticas Públicas da Universidade Federal do Piauí-UFPI. No percurso metodológico foi utilizada a pesquisa qualitativa, com análise de literatura, pesquisa documental e de campo, através de uso de grupos focais, tendo como participantes cinco assistentes sociais que atuam em cinco instituições públicas de saúde de Média Complexidade do município no SUS. No estudo, as assistentes sociais marcaram em suas narrativas que, diariamente, são chamadas a intervir num espaço, marcado por múltiplas formas de saberes, contudo, são profundamente tensionadas pela ampliação da demanda de atenção especializada em saúde, cuja oferta está subdimensionada em relação à disponibilidade de vagas de consultas, exames especializados e de leitos hospitalares. O estudo revelou que o trabalho da assistente social nesse nível de complexidade, está marcado pela dinâmica de tentar produzir acessos e fluxos mais resolutivos no atendimento da população usuária nas instituições de saúde e na Rede, buscando imprimir dinamicidade aos processos de fruição do direito à atenção à saúde na esfera do SUS.
Conjugando métodos clínico e empírico no estudo de caso de interrupção precoce em psicoterapia psicanalítica
Authors: Laskoski Pricilla Braga , Sanchez Lívia Fração , Ruaro Clarice Kern , Wellausen Rafael Stella , Benetti Silvia Pereira da Cruz , Serralta Fernanda Barcellos
Published: August 2020

O objetivo deste estudo é conjugar métodos clínico e empírico de avaliação do processo psicoterapêutico para a compreensão dos fatores associados à interrupção precoce em um caso de psicoterapia psicanalítica. Os participantes foram uma dupla terapêutica. A paciente é jovem adulta, atendida em uma clínica-escola, por um período de três meses. A psicoterapeuta registrou sua impressão das sessões e sua compreensão dinâmica do caso, supervisionado por psicanalista sênior. O método de estudo do caso foi análise sistemática por meio do Psychotherapy Process Q-Set (PQS) e do Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure (SWAP). As sessões foram gravadas em vídeo e posteriormente codificadas com os instrumentos por avaliadores externos treinados. As características do processo indicam foco nos relacionamentos amorosos e nas situações de vida atual; a paciente trazia material significativo; tendia a concordar com as intervenções da psicoterapeuta e demonstrava se sentir entendida. A psicoterapeuta, por sua vez, mostrou empatia e adotou atitude de apoio, realizando intervenções exploratórias. A sessão 6 constituiu um momento de mudança na direção do processo. Os resultados fornecem elementos para a compreensão dos fatores relacionados com a interrupção, tais como o incremento da resistência e ambivalência por parte da paciente não devidamente abordados pela terapeuta.