bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BATAS PENGGUNAAN KADAR ALKOHOL PADA KOSMETIK DAN OBAT-OBATAN (Analisis Terhadap Fatwa Mui Nomor: 40 Tahun 2018 Perspektif Maqasid Syari’ah)
Authors: Firda Annisa
Published: January 2025

Alkohol sering dipandang sebagai hal negatif karena unsurnya yang memabukkan dan berbahaya sehingga ketetapan hukum syar’i nya ialah haram. Disamping efek negatif yang ditimbulkan, alkohol juga memiliki manfaat bagi kehidupan manusia salah satunya dibidang kosmetik dan obat-obatan. Sehingga tidak sedikit produk kosmetik dan obat-obatan yang mengandung alkohol saat ini telah dilabelisasi halal oleh pihak MUI untuk mengatasi keraguan masyarakat muslim dalam penggunaanya. Sayangnya, belum semua masyarakat memahami konsep halal penggunaan alkohol yang dimaksud pihak MUI sehingga masih banyak yang menolak untuk menggunakan obat-obatan atau kosmetika yang mengandung alkohol meskipun sudah memiliki label halal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini tak lain untuk menjelaskan sekaligus menganalisis standarisasi batas penggunaan kadar alkohol yang ditetapkan oleh pihak MUI dengan menggunakan perspektif maqasid syari’ah Jasser Auda. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian pustaka atau deskriptif-kualitatif. Hasil penelitian yang dihasilkan ialah: Pertama, batas kadar penggunaan alkohol yang ditetapkan oleh pihak MUI maksimal 0,5% dengan ketentuan penggunaan dalam yang dikonsumsi seperti obat cair maksimal 0,5% dan sangat disarankan untuk penggunaan dibawah batas maksimal karena sifatnya yang langsung dicerna oleh organ dalam, sedangkan untuk penggunaan luar seperti kosmetik, obat salep penggunaan alkohol bisa diatas 0,5% karena penggunaan tidak dikonsumsi secara langsung. Kedua, jika ditinjau penggunaan alkohol dari segi maqasid syari’ah Jasser Auda yang merupakan hasil pemetaan ulang dari konsep maqasid syari’ah klasik yang berbasis dharuriyat al-khamsah kini implementasinya sudah sesuai dengan konsep Jasser Auda yang konsep maqasid miliknya lebih kearah human development dan HAM kecuali hifz al-mal yang belum bisa ditemukan implementasinya.
Sukupuolittunut turvallisuus
Authors: Kivelä Lotta
Published: January 2025

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan sukupuolen näkökulmasta Natoon liittyvää turvallisuuspoliittista mediakeskustelua Suomessa tammi–maaliskuussa 2022. Tarkemmin artikkelissa kysytään, kenen ääni kuului kansallista turvallisuutta koskevassa mediakeskustelussa ja miten sukupuolittunutta turvallisuutta tuotettiin mediassa kuukausina ennen Suomen päätöstä hakea Nato-jäsenyyttä. Artikkeli tukeutuu käsitteellisesti feministiseen turvallisuustutkimukseen ja menetelmällisesti sisällönanalyysiin ja kriittiseen diskurssianalyysiin. Artikkeli osoittaa, että median turvallisuuskeskustelussa vallitsi miesten yliedustus ja että turvallisuudella viitattiin ensisijaisesti uskottavaan sotilaalliseen pelotteeseen. Kansallista turvallisuutta käsiteltiin mediassa perinteisesti maskuliinisina ymmärrettyjen sotilaallisten, fyysisten ja rationaalisten käsitysten kautta. Näin ollen artikkeli esittää, että kuukausina ennen Suomen Nato-jäsenyyden hakemista suomalaisessa mediassa näytti vallitsevan puutteellinen ymmärrys kokonaisvaltaisesta turvallisuudesta, turvattomuudesta ja sukupuolten tasa-arvosta osana turvallisuutta.
Parolan panssarimuseo suomalaisen militarismin temppelinä
Authors: Maiche Karim , Romashov Vadim
Published: January 2025

Tässä katsausartikkelissa tarkastelemme Parolan panssarimuseon perusnäyttelyä sekä vuoden 2023 Taisteleva Ukraina – Venäjän virhearvio? -näyttelyä kriittisen militarismitutkimuksen ja kriittisen museotutkimuksen teoreettisissa viitekehyksissä. Nostamme esiin infrastruktuuriin kätkettyjä militaristisia käytäntöjä ja väitämme, että Parolan panssarimuseon voi ymmärtää militarismin temppelinä Duncan Cameronin (1971) klassisen määritelmän mukaan. Argumenttimme pohjautuu etnografisiin havaintoihimme kahdesta museovierailusta vuonna 2023 sekä vierailuiden pohjalta kirjoittamamme tekstin esiin nostamiin reaktioihin. Vierailujen aikana tarkastelimme muun muassa näytteillepanoa, tilankäyttöä, aihepiiriä, museon kasvatuksellista roolia ja museovieraita. Kysymme, miten Parolan panssarimuseo ylläpitää ja luo kansallismielistä historiakäsitystä militaristisia tarkoituksia varten. Artikkelissa pohditaan myös sitä, kuinka Venäjän valtion aseellista hyökkäystä Ukrainaan on käytetty Suomen militarisoinnin oikeuttamiseen ja viholliskuvan ylläpitämiseen. Miksi militarisaatioprosessit tunnistetaan muualla, mutta ei omassa yhteiskunnassa? Väitämme, että Parolan panssarimuseo ylistää sotaa ja sotateknologiaa, luo viholliskuvia, epäinhimillistää vihollista ja samaan aikaa rakentaa museoalueesta lapsille leikkisää ympäristöä. Tarkastellessamme median reaktioita Parolan panssarimuseoon liittyviin kriittisiin pohdintoihimme päädyimme johtopäätökseen, että museon päätehtävä ei ole ylläpitää demokraattista keskustelua vaan tuottaa autoritaarista mielikuvaa museon toiminnasta kansallisena temppelinä.
Ihmisoikeudet ja YK
Authors: Kronlund Anna
Published: January 2025

Ihmisoikeudet ovat keskeinen osa Yhdistyneiden kansakuntien (YK) arvoja ja koko sen olemassaolon perustaa. Ihmisoikeusnormiston lähtökohtana pidetään YK:n yleismaailmallista ihmisoikeuksien julistusta vuodelta 1948, yhdessä myöhemmin hyväksyttyjen kansalaisoikeuksien ja poliittisten oikeuksien (engl. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, suom. KP-sopimus) sekä sosiaalisten, taloudellisten ja sivistyksellisten oikeuksien sopimusten kanssa (engl. International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, suom. TSS-sopimus). Ihmisoikeuksia määrittävä periaate on käsitys universalismista. Artikkelissa selvitetään, miten universalismia käytetään tai siihen viitataan ihmisoikeuksia koskevassa poliittisessa keskustelussa YK:ssa. Vaikka universalismin periaate on yleisesti hyväksytty, universalismin käsite on edelleen epämääräinen ja sitä käytetäänkin usein keskustelussa erilaisin merkityksin. Artikkelissa tarkastellaan ihmisoikeuskeskusteluja etenkin yleismaailmallisen ihmisoikeusjulistuksen yhteydessä 1940-luvun loppupuolella ja myöhemmin vuonna 2006 perustetun YK:n ihmisoikeusneuvoston yhteydessä. Valtioilla on tapana vedota joko suvereniteettiinsa tai erityisasemaansa ja samalla arvottaa tai olla noudattamatta ihmisoikeuksia tai niiden täytäntöönpanoa. Samanaikaisesti valtiot ovat sitoutuneet ihmisoikeuksien universalismin periaatteeseen ja ihmisoikeuksien edistämiseen sekä suojeluun kansainvälisesti, jolloin suvereenit valtiot ovat keskiössä.
Palestiinan tulevaisuus
Authors: Hannikainen Lauri
Published: January 2025

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COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF HISTORICAL COST ACCOUNTING AND FAIR VALUE ACCOUNTING ON EARNINGS PERFORMANCE OF QUOTED FIRMS IN NIGERIA
Authors: Sackey Jacob
Published: January 2025

The work examined the comparative effects of historical cost accounting and fair value accounting measurement bases on earnings performance of 10 listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria, between the periods 2009-2020.The choice of the manufacturing sector was pertinent as the manufacturing industries are considered vital to economic growth and development. The study adopted the ex-post facto research design, with data collected from published financial statements of 10 manufacturing firms quoted on the Nigerian Exchange Group Ltd. A cross sectional analysis of the financial reports of the 10 manufacturing firms was carried out between eras 2009 - 2012(HCA) and 2013 – 2020(FVA). The regression results revealed that depreciation, dividend and taxation under fair value accounting (FVA) have more positive and significant effect on ROA (earnings performance) than depreciation, dividend and taxation under historical cost accounting (HCA). The work concludes that fair value measurement choice has superior effect on bottom lines of manufacturing firms than the historical cost measurement choice. The empirical findings imply or provide strong support for the proposition that fair value measurement choice has superior effect on bottom lines of manufacturing firms than the historical cost measurement choice. It was recommended amongst others that: Accounting bodies in Nigeria should organize enlightenment workshops for practicing accountants and managers of firms to create awareness of current cost accounting and the need to deviate from the historical cost accounting method during inflationary period.
Aspek Hukum Dalam Proses Kliring Untuk Pengaturan Uang Giral Di Indonesia
Authors: Amini Fitri
Published: January 2025

The clearing system plays a strategic role in ensuring the smooth flow of giro payment transactions as a vital part of the national payment system. Clearing serves to settle interbank obligations efficiently and securely, aiming to establish stability and certainty in financial transactions. This study examines the legal aspects underlying the implementation of clearing in Indonesia, including regulations enforced by Bank Indonesia as the supervisory authority. Additionally, it identifies legal challenges, such as potential disputes between banks, customer protection issues, and compliance with prevailing regulations. By employing a juridical approach, this study aims to provide recommendations to enhance the effectiveness and legal certainty of the clearing system, thereby supporting the development of a more transparent, accountable, and efficient payment system in Indonesia.
An Implementation of Early Warning System for Air Condition Using IoT and Instant Messaging
Authors: Rahmadani Alfiandi Aulia , Setiawan Budhy , Syaifudin Yan Watequlis , Funabiki Nobuo , Siradjuddin Indrazno , Fatmawati Triana
Published: January 2025

Air pollution poses a significant threat to human health and environmental sustainability, exacerbated by anthropogenic activities such as industrial emissions, vehicle exhaust, and fossil fuel combustion. Major pollutants include carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), hydrocarbons (HC), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), particulate matter (PM2.5), particulate matter (PM10), and etc. In this study, an Early Warning System (EWS) was developed integrating sensors, microcontroller, IEEE 802.11 network, web interface monitoring, and Instant Messaging. The system uses the CART algorithm to analyze the data, with sensors that detect CO, NO2, and HC. The evaluation of the system demonstrated its effectiveness, with recorded pollutant concentrations of 1.401 ppm for CO, 0.639 ppm for NO2, and 0.860 ppm for HC, and identified correlations between these pollutants. The EWS proved capable of providing timely alerts, ensuring continuous monitoring and management of indoor air quality, and contributing to public health and environmental protection.
CLUSTERIZATION of MSMe and WAREHOUSE LOCATIONS for EFFICIENCY of COURIER PLACEMENT
Authors: Nadhila Annisa Aulia , Ariyanto Yuri , Syaifudin Yan Watequlis
Published: January 2025

The increasing number of MSMes and the high demand for fast delivery present challenges for logistics companies in managing efficient routes and courier placement. Without proper clustering, warehouse placement and picking points are often uncoordinated, causing delivery delays and increased operational costs. This research aims to group MSMe and warehouse locations based on distance, delivery volume and demand patterns to find optimal zones for courier placement, thereby increasing the efficiency of delivery routes, reducing operational time and costs, and improving the quality of delivery services. The courier clustering management application uses the Scrum method, with database design based on class diagrams and functional processes through use cases and activity diagrams. Admin maps delivery areas based on sub-districts and determines fixed prices for each regional cluster. The process of optimizing the clustering of MSMe locations in City Geographic data for new shipments is retrieved via the Google Maps API, sending the complete address to the Geocodes API endpoint. The clustering process uses the K-Means method to group MSMe locations based on geographic proximity. The test results show the efficiency of logistics delivery as well as cheaper and fairer rates thanks to the application of flat rates for all courier service users, both for long and short distances.
Hydrocarbon Movability Properties of Sandstone Reservoirs of Sapele Shallow Field, Niger Delta, Southern Nigeria
Authors: Airen Osariere John , Mujakperuo Bernard Jimevwo Ovonorene
Published: January 2025

Sapele shallow field is a prolific oil field which forms the proximal portion of Sapele field in the Niger Delta oil province, Nigeria. The Sapele field itself is an onshore field of OML 41 located in the North-western part (Greater Ughelli deposit) of the Niger Delta oil province. The Greater Ughelli deposit is characterized by paralic interbedded sandstone and shale with a thickness of over 3000 m. Well logs from six wells, well 21, well 22, well 29, well 30, well 31 and well 32 were integrated to study the hydrocarbon movability potential of the field. The hydrocarbon movability potential of the field was delineated by looking at the various hydrocarbon movability factors such as the flushed zone obtained from water saturation parameter, movable oil saturation which is arrived at by subtracting water saturation from flushed zone, residual oil saturation evaluated from the difference between hydrocarbon saturation and movable oil saturation, and hydrocarbon movability index which is the ratio of water saturation and flushed zone. The study area on an average has flushed zone water saturation () of 0.88, an average hydrocarbon saturation of 0.47, an average movable hydrocarbon saturation of 0.35, residual hydrocarbon saturation of 0.12 and an average movable hydrocarbon index of 0.6. This study has shown that Sapele shallow field just like Sapele deep field is very viable with good hydrocarbon storage and transmission ability.
COMPARISON OF FREQUENCY OF SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT IN PATIENTS OF BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS TREATED WITH INTRAVAGINAL METRONIDAZOLE VERSUS INTRAVAGINAL PROBIOTICS
Authors: Shazia Baloch  , Sadia Ghilzai  , Naz Farah , Noor Kalsoom , Zahir Khadija , Ali Sadia
Published: January 2025

Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a prevalent vaginal infection caused by an imbalance of lactobacillus-dominated flora and overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria such as Gardnerella vaginalis and Mycoplasma hominis. Standard treatment with intravaginal metronidazole often faces limitations such as recurrence, adverse effects, and poor compliance. Probiotics have emerged as a potential alternative by restoring vaginal microbiota without significant side effects. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of intravaginal probiotics and metronidazole for treating bacterial vaginosis.
Objective: To compare the frequency of successful treatment in patients with bacterial vaginosis treated with intravaginal metronidazole versus intravaginal probiotics.
Methods: This randomized controlled study was conducted over six months at the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Sandeman Provincial Hospital, Quetta. A total of 66 women aged 18-35 years with BV (Nugent score ≥7) were randomly allocated into two groups. The BV-P group received intravaginal probiotics, while the BV-M group received intravaginal metronidazole. Treatment success was defined as the resolution of fishy odor and a Nugent score <4 at 30 days post-treatment. Baseline characteristics, follow-up Nugent scores, and treatment outcomes were recorded and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0.
Results: Participants had a mean age of 27.2 ± 5.3 years, with 37.9% aged 18-25 years and 62.1% aged 26-35 years. The mean disease duration was 12.8 ± 4.2 days. At baseline, both groups were comparable in age, disease duration, and Nugent scores (p > 0.05). At follow-up, the probiotics group demonstrated a significantly lower Nugent score (2.24 ± 1.50 vs. 3.79 ± 2.52, p = 0.004) and a higher success rate (90.9% vs. 60.6%, p = 0.004). Probiotics maintained superior outcomes across all subgroups.
Conclusion: Intravaginal probiotics showed significantly better efficacy than metronidazole in treating bacterial vaginosis, with improved Nugent scores and treatment success rates. Probiotics represent a viable alternative to traditional antibiotic therapy, providing better patient outcomes with minimal side effects.
PROPHYLACTIC INFUSION OF CALCIUM SOLUTION REDUCES RISK OF SYMPTOMATIC HYPOCALCEMIA IN PATIENT AFTER TOTAL THYROIDECTOMY
Authors: Ali Zulfiqar , Mehmood Zahid , Anwer Mariyah , Mengal Muhammad Yasir , Kanwal  , Nabeel Muhammad , Shahani Muhammad Parial
Published: January 2025

Background: Postoperative hypocalcemia is a common and challenging complication of total thyroidectomy, primarily caused by hypoparathyroidism due to inadvertent damage, devascularization, or removal of parathyroid glands. Effective management typically involves monitoring serum calcium levels and administering calcium and/or vitamin D supplementation when hypocalcemia is detected. Prophylactic perioperative calcium supplementation has been suggested as a strategy to prevent symptomatic hypocalcemia and improve recovery outcomes, although its efficacy remains a topic of investigation.
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of prophylactic calcium infusion in reducing the risk of symptomatic hypocalcemia in patients after total thyroidectomy.
Methods: This prospective study included 234 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy, divided equally into two groups. Group A (n = 117) received a prophylactic intravenous calcium infusion (78–156 mg) 2–6 hours postoperatively, while Group B (n = 117) received no prophylactic calcium. Serum calcium (Ca) and intact parathyroid hormone (i-PTH) levels were measured on the first postoperative day, and clinical symptoms of hypocalcemia, including tetany, numbness, and Chvostek's sign, were recorded. Data analysis was performed using SPSS, with chi-square and Spearman’s correlation tests applied. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Group A demonstrated significantly higher mean serum calcium levels (8.12 ± 0.23 mg/dl) compared to Group B (7.92 ± 0.31 mg/dl; p = 0.015). Tetany occurred in 3.42% of Group A and 11.97% of Group B (p = 0.041), numbness in 15.38% and 26.50% respectively (p = 0.032), and Chvostek's sign in 29.06% and 35.04% respectively (p = 0.87). Recovery from symptomatic hypocalcemia was faster in Group A, with symptoms resolving within 24 hours of surgery. No cases of medication-induced hypercalcemia were observed in either group.
Conclusion: Perioperative prophylactic calcium infusion effectively reduced the incidence of both biochemical and clinical hypocalcemia and shortened the recovery period following total thyroidectomy. These findings underscore its utility as a preventive strategy for postoperative complications.
Development and Application of Subdivision Water Injection Technology in Gudong Oil Production Plant
Authors:   Gudong Oil Production Plant, Shengli Oilfield, China Petrochemical Co., Ltd.,, Zhang Yuanpeng
Published: January 2025

The conventional eccentric water injection string is generally used in multi-stage separate injection wells, and the equal pressure drop test method is adopted, and the water volume calculation method is adopted, and the average test period of a single well is 8 days. With the concept of reliability design, the working reliability of separate injection string was strengthened, and the measures of separate injection, subdivision injection, interval recombination and pipe inspection and redistribution were implemented on site. The average number of separate injection layers per single well in sandstone reservoir increased from 2.9 to 3.5, and the average number of separate injection layers per single well in main sandstone reservoir increased steadily from 3.0 to 3.8. At the same time, the linkage technology of bridge eccentric separate injection and measurement and adjustment is gradually popularized, and the average test period of single well is shortened from 8 days to 2 days.
Development of a Low-Density Cement Slurry for Cementing in Leaky Layer
Authors:   Zichang Oil Production Plant of Yanchang Oilfield Co.,, Zhang Jianguo
Published: January 2025

Based on the investigation of the development status of cement slurry system at home and abroad, a new composite lightening material GJQ was selected from high-performance materials. Through systematic indoor experiments, the types and dosage of low-density cement slurry additives were screened and determined, and finally a low-density cement slurry system of 1.2-1.4g/cm3 was developed. The experimental research shows that the system can reduce the pressure of cement slurry columns, has a certain anti-leakage and plugging function, and effectively solves the problem of low return caused by cementing slurry leakage caused by formation bearing depression.
A temperature and humidity measurement method based on single chip microcomputer
Authors: Wang Bo , Liu Qingsheng , Zhou Mulu
Published: January 2025

With the development of distribution technology , distribution cabinets play an important role in the power system. With the continuous reform of technology, power distribution cabinets continue to use some high-precision integrated electronic equipment, but these equipment and cabinet machinery structures are often affected by the cabinet environment factors to reduce its use performance, such as cabinet temperature andhumidity is too high or too Low will affect the distribution cabinet electrical components of the electrical characteristics and mechanical properties, thus affecting the normal work of the distribution cabinet. So that the distribution of electricity problems on the entire power system has a negative impact, or even an accident caused by alarge-scale power outage or casualties. Therefore , in normal work must ensure that the temperature and humidity inside the distribution cabinet to maintain the appropriate range, then the need for the distribution cabinet temperature and humidity in real-time monitoring .The graduation design is to be combined with such a request This design has the characteristics of high precision, simple circuit, fast response and strong anti-jamming performance. The overall structure includes the hardware structure: the main circuit design ， the main circuit design, the main circuit design, Display circuit, keyboard circuit. Software structure: the main program, temperature and humidity collection procedures, display procedures. The program uses the progisp downloader to download the program to the microcontroller.
Clinical and socioeconomic pattern of infective dermatoses in pediatric population at a tertiary care center of Northeast India
Authors: Sagarika Gogoi  , Swapan Majumder  , Naba Pallab Chetia  , Binita Singha
Published: January 2025

Background: Cutaneous disorders are one of the most important components of any health-care system, especially which including children. Infective dermatoses are the most common skin diseases in children. The pattern of dermatoses in children varies from one country to another and within the same country from one state to another due to various climatic, cultural, and socioeconomic factors.
Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives are to study the clinical and socioeconomic profile of cutaneous infections and infestations among children.
Materials and Methods: All children up to 12 years presenting with cutaneous infections and infestations were taken as study participants. A detailed history of the disease, socioeconomic status, and housing condition was taken from the patients as well as from the parents. Local, general, and systemic examinations were carried out on all the children and their examination findings were recorded in a standard pro forma for analysis and interpretation of data.
Results: A total number of 1932 were children aged 0–12 years patients attended the Dermatology Outpatient Department during the study period of which 665 (34%) presented with infective dermatoses. 61.20% of patients belonged to school-aged children (5–12 years) 76.7% had a family with 4–6 members. 67.67% were from the rural areas, and 77.4% belonged to the lower class. Scabies was the leading offender (29.92%) among infective dermatoses followed by Impetigo contagiosa (20.45%).
Conclusion: There is an increased incidence of cutaneous infections and infestations with increasing age among children. The incidence is associated with housing conditions, family size, socioeconomic strata, and seasonal. Most of these conditions are common and controllable with easy preventive and curative measures.
The first case report on maturity-onset diabetes of young-11 from West Bengal, India
Authors: Manojit Sarkar
Published: January 2025

Maturity-onset diabetes of young (MODY) is a clinically group of heterogeneous disorder characterized by non-insulin-dependent diabetes diagnosed at a young age (<25 years) with autosomal dominant transmission and lack of autoantibodies. This case report is on MODY in a 30-day-old baby. The patient also has an umbilical hernia and choledochal cyst. We present an instance of 30-day-old child with MODY with a family background of diabetes. While more data are needed to justify universal screening for diabetes with tests. Practitioners should be vigilant with family history of screening of diabetes. In families two or more generations of diabetes, there should be a low threshold for asymptomatic screening with a serum Hb1Ac.
Paternal influence on pregnancy: Setting the precedence
Authors: Ruby Dhar  , Arun Kumar  , Subhradip Karmakar
Published: January 2025

According to sociologist, Sylvia patriarchy is “a system of social structures and practices in which men dominate, oppress, and exploit women.” Derived from the Greek word patriarkhēs, patriarchy means “the rule of the father.” American sociologist Allan Johnson further mentions that patriarchy is a kind of society in which even though men and women participate, but is male-privileged, maledominated, male-identified, and male-centered. Apart from the sociologist’s point of view of society, it seems that developmental programs in biology also have a patriarchal trend. At least, that’s what is reported from several studies recently. Lopez-Tello et al., reported a paternal insulinlike growth factor 2 (Igf2)-related selective trafficking of maternal resources toward the fetus for its development. Metabolic demands for the fetus are enhanced during pregnancy. It is, therefore, observed that there is a relatively greater shunting of metabolic fuels toward the fetus to increase nutrient availability, more than it is perhaps allowed by the maternal system. The placenta assists in this shuttle by promoting insulin resistance, which leads to glucose intolerance in the mother. This glucose is now made available to the fetal compartments. The paternal Igf2 gene undergoes genomic imprinting, and only the copy inherited from the father is active. Paternally active Igf2 expressed in placental endocrine cells directs the maternal lipids and carbohydrates toward the fetus, an excellent example of paternal manipulation of maternal physiology and metabolic patriarchy. Further, studies have shown that fathers fed with a high-fat diet reduce the pregnancy success rate because of the reduction of their sperm motility. Excess intake of processed food, highsugar diets, or fructose has consequences on offspring’s cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Males fed a low protein diet in mice results in glucose intolerance, metabolic and cardiovascular dysfunctions, and altered patterns of bone mineralization in pups.
We, therefore, can conclude a robust paternal influence on pregnancy and fetal outcome. Pregnancy was once thought of as an exclusively maternal affair. Increasing research in this arena seems to have smashed that stereotype with paternal influence seems to play a significant role in shaping the birth process. It is high time that Sylvia patriarchal understanding is redefined with the paternal share of responsibility beyond just dominance and an authoritarian role.
Evaluation of varying doses of magnesium as an adjuvant to ropivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block
Authors: Samuel George  , Karthick Raj A
Published: January 2025

Background: Peripheral nerve blockade is a crucial component of comprehensive anesthetic care, providing effective analgesia with fewer side effects than opioids and other oral analgesics.
Aims and Objectives: This study investigated the effectiveness of a magnesium adjuvant in an ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block to determine the minimum dose required for the desired effects.
Materials and Methods: This prospective, double-blind, and randomized controlled study included 90 patients scheduled for elective upper limb orthosurgery at GTMCH. The 90 patients were divided into three groups: A, B, and C. Each group received 21.5 mL of the test drug, with A receiving ropivacaine and normal saline, B receiving ropivacaine and magnesium, and C receiving ropivacaine and magnesium.
Results: There was a significant difference in Group A between the onset of sensory and motor blockade in Groups B and C. There was a significant difference in Group A between the duration of sensory and motor blockade in Groups B and C, but no significant difference was observed between Groups B and C. The visual analog scale score varied from 0 to 6 in Group A and from 0 to 5 in Groups B and C. It was found to be significant only from the 7th to 10th h. There was a significant difference in Group A between Groups B and C in 1st rescue analgesia post-operatively and the number of rescue injections in the first 24 h, but no significant differences was observed between Groups B and C.
Conclusion: Both 100 and 150 mg magnesium sulfate with 0.5% ropivacaine in supraclavicular blocks prolonged the blockade duration and reduced analgesic needs.
Blood group distribution and its association with bleeding time and clotting time among medical students
Authors: Adhikari Bijaya , Maharjan Niroj
Published: January 2025

Background: Blood group, bleeding time (BT), and clotting time (CT) are routinely performed tests in the hospital, especially before any surgeries and blood transfusion.
Aims and Objectives: The objective of the study is to see if there is any association of blood group with BT and CT and the gender difference in BT and CT.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 132 medical students of 1st year in the hematology laboratory of the Department of Physiology in KIST Medical College from June 2022 to September 2022. The blood group was determined by a simple agglutination method. BT was determined by Dukes method whereas CT was determined using capillary tube method. Data were analyzed using SPSS-20 software. The difference in BT and CT among various blood groups was done using the ANOVA test and P≤0.05 was considered significant. Student’s t-test was used to find the association of gender with BT and CT.
Results: Both BT and CT were found to be more in males than females. However, the difference was significant only in the mean BT (P=0.05, Table 2). There was no significant difference in the mean BT among various blood groups but CT was found to be significant (P=0.05).
Conclusion: Our study showed the tendency of bleeding to be more in blood Group B individuals. Multicentric study including a larger population with plasma level of von Willebrand factor might be helpful to verify findings and identify the risk group.
Endometriosis and adenomyosis in a Mullerian agenesis patient: A delayed presentation
Authors: Monika Gautam  , Meenakshi Chauhan  , Vani Malhotra  , Sushila Chaudhary  , Sarika Gautam  , Menka Verma
Published: January 2025

Mullerian duct anomalies are developmental anomalies resulting from failure in organogenesis, fusion, or the reabsorption of the paired Mullerian ducts. Endometriosis and Mullerian anomalies have a high coincidence rate. Obstructive uterine malformations with functioning endometrium have higher chances of co-incident endometriosis. Continuous bleeding into functional uterine remnants can lead to the formation of hematometra, endometriosis, and adenomyosis. We report a case of primary amenorrhea who reported 18 years after vaginoplasty with pain abdomen due to the presence of endometriosis in bilateral ovaries and adenomyosis in the rudimentary uterine horn.
Effectiveness and safety of bortezomib-dexamethasone regimen in patients with multiple myeloma: A prospective observational study
Authors: N Nijisha , Sanitha Kuriachan  , Mahesh Kumar D  , Jumi Jacob
Published: January 2025

Background: Bortezomib and dexamethasone (BD) regimen offers a promising therapeutic approach in multiple myeloma (MM) by inhibiting the proteolytic pathway of tumor cells.
Aims and Objectives: This study aims to assess the safety profile and treatment outcomes of MM patients undergoing the BD regimen.
Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study included MM patients who received BD regimen. Patients received bortezomib (1.3 mg/m2 intravenous) weekly for 4 weeks along with dexamethasone (40 mg orally) weekly for 4 weeks. Clinical assessments were performed after each cycle, and adverse drug reactions were graded according to National Cancer Institute criteria. Treatment outcomes were evaluated after the 4th cycle based on specific parameters.
Results: Thirty-seven patients, with a mean age of 56.2 years, predominantly male (56.8%), were included. Common symptoms included bone pain, fatigue, weight loss, and appetite loss. Toxicities were mainly grade 1 and 2, with peripheral neuropathy (PN) being the most prevalent. The BD regimen exhibited a response rate of 65%, accompanied by significant improvements in bone marrow plasma cells, β2 microglobulin, immunoglobulin assay, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. In addition, treatment improved performance status, in 51.4% of patients achieving scores above 90 on the Karnofsky scale.
Conclusion: The BD regimen demonstrated notable efficacy and tolerability in MM treatment. However, it is associated with a higher risk of PN.
Cigarette smoking and its effect on coagulation profile, hematological parameters, and oxygen saturation in healthy blood donor
Authors: Anshika Srivastava  , Kshama Tiwari  , Sumaiya Irfan  , Noorin Zaidi  , Sharique Ahmad  , Syed Riaz Mehdi
Published: January 2025

Background: Cigarette smoking causes millions of deaths all around the world each year as it is one of the leading causes of cancer and cardiovascular diseases.
Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to study the effect of cigarette smoking on coagulation profile, hematological parameters, and oxygen saturation in healthy blood donors.
Materials and Methods: A case–control study was carried out at the Department of Pathology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College which is a tertiary care center, and took place between September 2018 and September 2020 (24 months).
Results: Cigarette smoking has adverse effects on hematological parameters (red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, red cell distribution width, and total leukocyte count) and coagulation profile (prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and international normalized ratio). In our study, no adverse effects are seen on oxygen saturation though.
Conclusion: Our study shows that hematological parameters and coagulation profile were altered in donors who were smokers and thus, it should be considered during blood donation. Although oxygen saturation was not adversely affected, this study strongly recommends the need for further studies to be done on this parameter of donated blood.
Serum bilirubin at 24 h of life birth as a predictor of significant hyperbilirubinemia in preterm neonates
Authors: Tamanna Choudhary  , Harish Kumar Mourya  , Saroj Mourya  , Mahipal Pabra  , Rajesh Kanwar  , Mohan Makwana  , Monit Kumar Goyal  , Pokar Chand
Published: January 2025

Background: As hyperbilirubinemia is one of the key contributors to brain damage and is crucial to identify those instances that are at risk as it is more prevalent and severe among the preterms. Many studies are available in the literature for terms babies but there is paucity of data for pre terms.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess serum bilirubin at 24 h of live birth as a indicator of significant hyperbilirubinemia in preterm neonates.
Materials and Methods: It was a prospective observational study conducted in the department of pediatrics of tertiary care center, Jodhpur on 150 preterms born within 33–36 weeks 6 days after considering the exclusion criteria in the study. Area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to identify significant hyperbilirubinemia within 1 week of life, along with it the cutoff value of total serum bilirubin (TSB) at 24 h of life was calculated.
Results: A total of 150 enrolled preterm newborns were followed up. TSB at 24 h of life was proved to be significant using the ROC curve, where area under the curve is 0.96 which was statistically significant. Among 150 preterms, 70 newborns with TSB >4.2 mg/dL developed jaundice, and 65 babies (98.48%) required phototherapy. Hence, preterms with TSB >4.2 mg/dL have a significant risk of developing hyperbilirubinemia. (Sensitivity: 98.48%, specificity: 94.05%, negative predictive value: 98.75%, and positive predictive value: 92.86%).
Conclusion: TSB for preterms at 24 h of life can support to predict the significant hyperbilirubinemia successfully. Preterms with cutoff value of serum bilirubin level >4.2 mg/dL are observed to be more prone to develop significant hyperbilirubinemia requiring appropriate intervention at the earliest.
Benign bone tumors in North East Indian population – A hospital-based study
Authors: Naba Pallab Chetia  , Firdous Ahmed  , Sagarika Gogoi  , Albin Joseph
Published: January 2025

Background: Primary bone tumors are relatively uncommon and constitute only 0.2–0.5% of all tumors in all ages in most series reported worldwide. Benign bone tumors are more common than the malignant bone tumors. Not many studies on benign bone tumors in the North Eastern Indian population are published in the available literature.
Aims and Objectives: The current study was done with the aim to find out the epidemiological data on benign bone tumors in patients of the North-East Indian population who were admitted to the orthopedic department of a teaching institute.
Materials and Methods: A hospital-based retrospective study with prospective effect was conducted on benign bone tumors in patients admitted to the Department of Orthopedics at our teaching institute from 2016 to 2020. Patients of all ages and both sexes with suspicion of bone tumors based on history and clinical examination were subjected to roentgenographic evaluation, including computed tomography (CT) scan and/or magnetic resonance imaging. Pre-operative core needle biopsy under C-arm/CT guidance or incisional biopsy was done for histological diagnosis, followed by appropriate intervention. Soft-tissue tumors and malignant bone tumors were excluded. Patients were followed up for recurrence, complications, and functional recovery.
Results: Forty patients of bone tumors were treated out of 2288 patients admitted to the department (incidence of 1.75%). 29 were benign bone tumors with an incidence of 1.27%. Of 10–20 years age group was most commonly affected. Male preponderance with M: F=6.25:1. Femur (n=16) was the most commonly affected bone. Presenting features were swelling (n=18), pain (n=11), and pathological fracture (n=5). osteochondroma (n=15) was most common followed by giant cell tumor of bone (n=6). Treatment ranged from intralesional steroid to wide marginal excision based on histopathological diagnosis, the extent of tumor, anatomical location, and presenting symptoms. All patients were rehabilitated to activities of daily living at the final follow-up. No recurrence or any long-term complications were reported.
Conclusion: This study gives epidemiological data on benign bone tumors, which can be used for setting up or upgrading dedicated oncological or oncosurgery institutes. A multicentric study on a large population in the future is suggested to obtain a larger data bank.
Ileo-sigmoid knotting presented as a rare cause of intestinal obstruction and bowel ischemia: A case report
Authors: Sunil Kumar Yadav  , Madan Gopal Vashist  , Sachin Bhardwaj  , Gaurav Kumar  , Kartikay Shukla  , Sourav Sankar Dutta
Published: January 2025

Ileosigmoid knotting causing intestinal obstruction is also known as double volvulus or compound volvulus. It is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction. It involves the sigmoid and ileum causing closed-loop intestinal obstruction. The endoscopic decompression in ileosigmoid knotting may lead to perforation of intestine. We present a case of 80-year-old male patient who presented with ileosigmoid knotting at our surgical emergency setting.
How maternal caring affects longevity
Authors: Ruby Dhar  , Arun Kumar  , Subhradip Karmakar
Published: January 2025

When it comes to longevity, everyone wants to live for eternity. Longevity research has often led scientists to dark alleys with several candidate molecules responsible for aging. Pioneering genetic studies on model organisms like Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster discovered the most well-conserved longevity pathways, mainly caloric restriction and the insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1signaling pathways. Apart from these complex molecular circuitries that drive longevity, a recent study published by Zipple et al. (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2024) showed that the relationship between mother and grandmother with the child may determine why some animals and humans live longer than expected for their size. Animals that spend more time with their mothers during early life end up living longer but with reduced capacity to produce offspring.
This exciting piece of research has far more consequences than just these findings. It implies the importance of the mother in one’s life and the role of parental care in providing longevity and reproductive success.
Study of Effect of Amlodipine on Blood Sugar Level
Authors: Sandozi Tasneem
Published: January 2025

Objective: To study the effect of AMLODIPINE on blood sugar levels in hypertensive patients.
Method: It is a prospective study in which patients were selected from Princess Esra hospital, Hyderabad.
Results: This study was done on 20 mild to moderate newly detected hypertensive patients. Statistical analysis shows a highly significant rise in blood sugar level with ‘P' value < 0.001 after 2 and 4 weeks of  using 2.5 to 5 mgm (once daily) amlodipine.
Conclusion: As calcium channels are involved in the release of insulin from the β cells of pancreas, calcium channel blockers like amlodipine may cause hyperglycemia when used in hypertensive patients. Further studies are required in this field on a larger number of patients.
Keywords: Amlodipine; Calcium channel blockers; Diabetes Mellitus; HypertensionDOI: 10.3126/ajms.v1i1.2777
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.1(1) 2010 p.4-5
The Impact of Mass Media in Using Contraceptives among Married Males-A study from Hatiya VDC of Makawanpur, Nepal
Authors: Srijana Pandey  , Supendra Karki
Published: January 2025

Objectives: To analyze the association between exposure to mass media and use of contraceptive.
Methods: In this cross sectional descriptive study, 387 married males of Hatiya VDC were randomly selected. This study uses semi-structured questionnaire to acquire information regarding background character of respondents and the exposure of family planning message to mass media.
Results: Both print and electronic media were found major reproductive health information dissemination tools. Exposure was positively related to age, education level, income, partner approval and discussed family planning with partner. There was no significant difference in exposure based on number of living children.
Conclusion: Findings from this study are consistent with the interpretation that mass media promotion of the family planning message motivated sexual partners to discuss use of the contraceptives, and that discussion exerted a strong influence on their intention to use it. The programmatic implications of these findings are that multiple media channels should continue to be used to promote family planning and other reproductive health issues. Priority should be given to media channels that reach large numbers of the intended audience, but supporting channels (such as print and interpersonal communication) should also be included in the media mix.
Key words: Mass media; ContraceptivesDOI: 10.3126/ajms.v1i1.2928
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.1(1) 2010 p.9-11
Left sided Superior Vena cava: (A case report and review of literature)
Authors: Sharma Om Prakash , Senthil Shanmugam
Published: January 2025

A male child aged about one and half year old was referred to the department of Radio diagnosis for CT vena cavography after he was examined on 2 Dimensional echocardiography which revealed the diagnosis of Fallot's tetralogy. On CT scan besides the confirmation of presence of Tetralogy, there was an abnormal finding of left sided superior vena cava, an uncommon association. A male child aged about one and half year old was referred to the department of Radio diagnosis for CT vena cavography after he was examined on 2- dimensional echocardiography which revealed the diagnosis of Fallot's tetralogy. On CT scan besides the confirmation of presence of Tetralogy, there was an abnormal finding of left sided superior vena cava, an uncommon association.
Keywords: Persistent left superior vena cava; 64 slice CT; developmental malformationDOI: 10.3126/ajms.v1i1.2508
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.1(1) 2010 p.18-19
Kartagener Syndrome: Congenital Variety of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia with Infertility
Authors: Amit Nandan Dhar Dwivedi
Published: January 2025

We report a rare case of Kartagener's Syndrome, congenital variety of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD) with infertility. The patient exhibited the classical triad of which was elucidated by Manes Kartagener in 1933. The frequency of KS in the United States is 1 case per 32,000 live births. Situs inversus occurs randomly in half the patients with PCD; therefore, for every patient with KS, another patient has PCD but not situs inversus.  Current nomenclature classifies all congenital ciliary disorders as PCDs in order to differentiate them from acquired types. KS is part of the larger group of disorders referred to as PCDs. Approximately one half of patients with PCD have situs inversus and, thus, are classified as having KS.
Keywords: Immotile cilia syndrome; Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD); Situs inversus; Chronic sinusitis; Bronchiectasis.
DOI: 10.3126/ajms.v1i1.2605
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.1(1) 2010 p.16-17
Awareness of Iron Deficiency Anemia among Women of Reproductive Age in Hubei Province, China
Authors: Tabish Hussain  , Li Yu Shu
Published: January 2025

Objective: To assess the level of awareness about causes, prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia among women of reproductive age in Hubei province, a south eastern province of China.
Method: Cross sectional study was conducted by using a self designed standardized pretested questionnaire in peripheral areas of Wuhan city, the capital of Hubei province from January 2009 to December 2009.Women aged 18-45 years without any previous history of medical or gynecological problems were    recruited.
Results: A total 385 women were surveyed for Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA).77.9% women (n=300) were aware of the term IDA, with the highest proportion of 88.1% falling in age group 25-35 years. Most of the women were aware of the fact that their diet contains iron and its importance in health.  Women who had children and of working class had greater knowledge about the iron deficiency anemia.
Conclusion: Awareness regarding IDA is directly linked with the educational and social status of a community and is found to be increasing with the passage of time with exploration and accessibility to media and health care facilities. Women of younger ages are more concern about their own health and much careful about their expected babies in terms of nutritional facts as compared to the elder ladies.
Keywords: Iron deficiency anemia; Reproductive age
DOI: 10.3126/ajms.v1i1.2607Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.1(1) 2010 p.12-13