bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical significance of assessing autoantibody level in diagnostics of early and late fetal growth retardation
Authors: Ignatko I. V. , Yakubova D. I. , Megrabyan A. D. , Timokhina E. V.
Published: August 2022

Aim: to analyze diagnostic potential of early and late fetal growth retardation (FGR) based on examining significance of serum autoimmune antibody (АВ) level.

Materials and Methods. A single center prospective cohort comparative study included 98 pregnant women: 79 with FGR (main group I) and 19 with physiological course of pregnancy (comparison group II). Depending on the time of manifestation, pregnant women with FGR were divided into 2 subgroups: early FGR (subgroup IA, n = 41) and late FGR (subgroup group IB, n = 38). All patients underwent venous blood sampling to determine the serum autoimmune AB level against 12 human self-antigens using the ELI-P-Test: for human chorionic gonadotropin antigen (hCG), DNA, β2-glycoprotein (β2-GP), collagen, fragment crystallizable of immunoglobulin G (Fc-IgG), insulin, thyroglobulin, S100 protein, surface antigen of germ cell and prostate (Spr), thrombocyte membrane protein (TrM), antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), and membrane antigen of glomerular cells (KiMS). Venous blood sampling was carried out in the main group at the time of establishing FGR diagnosis (the third trimester of pregnancy in all cases): early manifested FGR – 29 [28; 31] weeks, late manifested FGR – 5 [33; 36] weeks, comparison group II – 33 [32; 35] weeks.

Results. To diagnose early FGR, the level of the following autoimmune АВ was shown to be significantly increased against hCG, collagen, S100 protein, TrM, ANCA, KiMS (p = 0.037; р = 0.001; р = 0.013; р = 0.005; р = 0.003; p < 0.001, respectively), whereas late FGR was diagnosed based on measuring АВ against DNA, collagen, insulin, S100 protein (p = 0.002; p = 0.003; p = 0.010; p < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion. Detecting autoimmune antibodies has shown its informative importance in pregnant women with FGR, so that changes in serum autoantibody level may serve as a laboratory marker of early and late FGR.
Diagnostic challenge: innovative approach in use of magnetic resonance imaging in aortic aneurysm
Authors: Kobelev Evgenii , Pak Natalya T. , Bobrikova Evgeniya E. , Ussov Wladimir Y. , Kliver Evgeniy E. , Sirota Dmitriy A. , Chernyavskiy Aleksandr M. , Bergen Tatyanа A.
Published: August 2022

Here we report a case of technological innovation: the use of magnetic resonance imaging to determine surgical strategy.
Here is a 47-year-old man who underwent an magnetic resonance imaging and subsequent surgical treatment of the aortic aneurysm. Unlike echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging enabled us to view the entire thoracic aorta. Unlike computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging enabled us to detect changes in the aortic wall accurately. Thus, in this case, the use of magnetic resonance imaging allowed us to determine the distal resection edge. The patient`s postoperative course was unremarkable. Use of electrocardiogram-synchronized magnetic resonance imaging of thoracic aorta allows detecting structural changes of the aortic wall and its mechanical properties. It is significant that magnetic resonance imaging results of the aortic wall correlate with histologic examination.
The extent of changes in the aortic wall must be determined to accurately plan surgical treatment of patients with aortic aneurism.
Magnetic resonance imaging of the aortic wall is promising for further study in multicenter research.
Impact of TFCC injuries combined with distal radius fractures on long-term results of hand function: a comparative study
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Dubrov V.E. , Grechukhin D.A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Main Military Clinical Hospital named after N. N. Burdenko, Moscow, Russian Federation, Davydov D.V. ,   Main Military Clinical Hospital named after N. N. Burdenko, Moscow, Russian Federation, Brizhan L.K. ,   Main Military Clinical Hospital named after N. N. Burdenko, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gubaidullina G.F. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   City Clinical Hospital named after A.K. Eramishantsev, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: August 2022

Introduction Fractures of the distal metaepipheseal fractures of the radius (DMER) have a leading place in the overall structure of upper limb injuries. DMER fractures are frequently associated with soft- tissue injuries of the wrist joint, and namely, the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC). The additional use of arthroscopy of the wrist joint in the treatment of patients with a DMER fractiures reduces the duration of recovery of patients and improves the result of their treatment. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of arthroscopic surgical treatment of TFCC injuries during bone osteosynthesis for DMER fractures on the functions of the upper extremities (extension/flexion of the hand, hand grip strength, pronation/supination of the forearm, DASH index). Materials and methods The study included 68 patients with DMER fractures, who were divided into 2 groups, depending on the treatment of the fracture. After reduction and osteosynthesis, all patients underwent arthroscopy of the wrist joint. If TFCC injury was detected, either a debridement or a TFCC suture was performed. Results TFCC injury was detected in 61.7 % (n = 42). Debridement was performed in 42.9 % (n = 18); suture using the inside-out technique was performed in 47.6 % (n = 20); one patient underwent reinsertion. After 6 months, the function of flexion and extension of the hand was significantly worse in patients with combined TFCC and DMER injuries, but after 12 months, the indicators were similar. The strength of the hand grip and the rotational function of the forearm did not differ between the subgroups. The subjective assessment of DASH after 6 months was worse in the group with TFCC injury, but after 12 months the results were similar. Conclusion Surgical treatment of TFCС injury in intraarticular fractures of the distal radius contributes to the restoration of the upper limb function to a premorbid level 12 months after surgical treatment.
Immediate changes in pulsed blood filling in the articular ends of the ilium and femur after their perforation in Perthes disease
Authors:   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Bunov V.S. , Teplenky M.P. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Oleinikov E.V. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation
Published: August 2022

Introduction In Perthes disease of stage 1 to 2, intraosseous pressure (IOP) of the tissue fluid in the head of the femur due to disorders of the venous outflow increases, the microvasculature is compressed and pulse blood supply is limited. To eliminate secondary circulatory insufficiency, the proximal femur and the supra-acetabular region of the ilium were perforated with wires, and differences in the pulse wave of blood filling in the femoral head associated with the order of perforation of the articular ends of the bones were revealed. Purpose To determine the dependence of the pulse wave of blood filling in the femoral head on the sequence of drilling of the supra-acetabular region of the ilium and the proximal femur in patients with Perthes disease. Material and methods A pulse wave of blood filling in the intraosseous tissues was recorded in 47 patients, aged 6-9 years, using rheovasography. In 6 patients, the supra-acetabular region of the ilium was perforated, then the proximal femur; in 41 patients the sequence was vice versa. Results In the hip joint, perforation of the articular end of one bone leads to post-traumatic angiospasm in the articular ends of both bones, and pulse blood supply decreases. However, by the initial perforation of the proximal end of the femur, the pulse blood supply to the tissues of the femoral head increases, and subsequent drilling of the supra-acetabular region of the ilium contributes to its additional increase. Taking into account the initially increased IOP in the femoral head, it was concluded that perforation leads to decompression of its microcirculatory bed, and pulse blood filling increases, and post-traumatic angiospasm does not develop. Conclusion In Perthes disease, the femoral head should be drilled first to decompress its microvasculature, then the supra-acetabular region of the ilium to redistribute blood circulation and further increase blood flow to the femoral head.
Medical aspects of prosthetics in lower limb amputees with use of digital technologies
Authors:   Albrecht Federal Centre of Rehabilitation of the Disabled, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation, Yankovskiy V.M. , Chernikova M.V. ,   Albrecht Federal Centre of Rehabilitation of the Disabled, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation, Kuzicheva A.D. ,   Albrecht Federal Centre of Rehabilitation of the Disabled, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation, Fogt E.V. ,   Albrecht Federal Centre of Rehabilitation of the Disabled, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: August 2022

Introduction Digital technologies used for lower limb amputation patients wearing prostheses are mostly experimental due to the complexity involved in model development of the stump socket. The objective was to develop a technique for additive manufacturing of lower limb prosthetic sockets to minimize negative results using a three-dimensional model of a prosthetic socket and considering anatomy and functionality of the stump. Methods The review included 20 lower limb amputees who were assigned to 3 groups depending on the method of stump scanning. Results The results of prosthetics were evaluated with the stump scanned naked (n = 9), covered with a silicone cloth (n=6) and with the use of embedded components (n = 5). The results of clinical and instrumental examination showed the advantage of the scanning method offered. The symmetry index for the time of foot roll-over was 0.55 ± 0.14 in the first group, 0.63 ± 0.07 in the second group, and 0.85 ± 0.04 in the third group. Discussion The best results of prosthetics in third group were associated with the most favorable load distribution in the receiving cavity of the prosthetic socket due to embedded components. In these cases, processing the digital model was simplified with no need to unload bone prominences. With scanning of a naked stump, processing a digital model was complicated and required professional skills. This solution had the potential to prevent any sort of direct physical contact to avoid inadequate modeling of the computer model of the prosthetic socket. The use of a silicone liner allowed reducing the pressure on the bone prominences. With a sharply skeletonized stump, the elastic properties of the liner were not enough and could cause injury to the tissues. Conclusions The findings suggested that improved quality of prosthetics was dependent on the technique used to scan the stump. The use of pre-installed embedded components allowed for effective load distribution in the prosthetic socket and created favorable conditions for prosthetic use.
Restoration of active elbow flexion by pectoralis major transfer in children with amyoplasia
Authors:   H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren's Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Agranovich O.E. , Petrova E.V. ,   H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren's Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Batkin S.F. ,   H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren's Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Komolkin I.A. ,   St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation, Blagovechtchenski E.D. ,   H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren's Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation,   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: August 2022

Introduction Amyoplasia is the most common type of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita. Some patients may lack active elbow flexion due to aplasia of the forearm flexor muscles. The objective was to identify the optimal age for pectoralis major muscle transfer to improve elbow flexion in children with amyoplasia and estimate outcomes of the procedure depending on the level of spinal cord injury. Material and methods Restoration of active elbow flexion was performed for 34 children with amyoplasia (39 upper limbs) between 2011 and 2020 using partial monopolar pectoralis major muscle transfer. The age of patients ranged between 1.5 and 15.5 years (6.24 ± 4.24 years). The patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the level of spinal cord injury: C6–C7 (n = 4; 11.8 %), C5–C7 (n = 24; 70.6 %), C5–Th1 (n = 6; 17.6 %). The outcomes were estimated at 6 to 99 months (44.53 ± 31.72 months). The patients underwent preoperative and postoperative clinical and neurological examination. The results were statistically analyzed. Results Active elbow flexion improved by 56.8 degrees (p < 0.0001), forearm flexor muscles strengthened by 2.0 points (p < 0.0001) and extension deficit improved by 14.5 degrees (p < 0.0001) were postoperatively statistically significant. Results were rated as good in 15 (38.5 %); as fair, in 8 (20.5 %) and poor in 16 (41 %) cases. Greater differences were found between the group of patients with the level of C6-C7 spinal cord injury in relation to the group of patients with the level of C5-Th1 (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between patients with C6–C7 and C5–C7 lesion levels (p > 0.05). Children of different age groups showed no differences in the results of treatment (p > 0.05). Conclusion Pectoralis major muscle could be used for active elbow flexion restoration in patients with amyoplasia. The best results were observed in patients with C6–C7, C5–C7 segmental lesions of the spinal cord. There was no correlation between age of patient at the time of surgery and the effectiveness of operation.
Template of instant centers of rotation developed for the knee joint (experimental study)
Authors:   Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation, Rokhoev S.A. , Solomin L.N. ,   Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation,   St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Starchik D.A. ,   North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: August 2022

Relevance There are data in the literature describing the trajectory of displaced center of rotation of the knee joint. However, data on the exact location of instantaneous centers of rotation at various angles of the knee flexion are not available. Objective To identify the localization of instantaneous centers of rotation at various angles of the knee flexion and present the results in the form of a template. Material and methods The bench testing was performed using a specially developed device that provides fixation of the anatomic cadaver preparation of the lower extremity. The device made it possible to identify the zero instantaneous center of rotation using a radiographic positive marker. Control radiographs were performed to determine the "movement" of instantaneous centers of rotation at every 10° of flexion to reach an angle of 120°. The exact location of instantaneous centers of rotation at different knee flexion angles were obtained with a graphical editor and tibia internal rotation identified during the knee flexion. Results The identified instantaneous centers of rotation were applied to the contour of the distal femur to form the template and allow scaling. Conclusions The template developed could be useful for computer hexapod assisted orthopaedic surgery in the treatment of knee stiffness, for mechanotherapy and joint replacement.
Osteoid osteoma of the capitate (case report)
Authors:   V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov, Russian Federation, Dokhov M.M. , Oleshev R.V. ,   V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov, Russian Federation, Titova Yu.I. ,   V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov, Russian Federation, Matveeva O.V. ,   V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov, Russian Federation
Published: August 2022

Introduction Osteoid osteoma (OO) is a rare bone pathology of the hand. OO localization and pain syndrome associated with it may present a challenging diagnosing problem as its symptoms are nonspecific and the X-ray pattern is unclear. Our research is aimed at presenting the findings of the clinical and instrumental examination, and the outcome of successive surgical management of a patient with OO of the capitate. Material and methods We examined a 46-year-old male patient to verify the diagnosis of OO; he had the ultrasonic examination of his hand soft tissues and joints, biplane radiography of the wrist joint, computed tomography (СТ), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of his left hand. A 0.6-cm defect of the capitate bone along with its increased bone density was visible in the X-rays of the patient’s left hand. In CT and MRI images, a 0.65 × 0.65 cm and up to 0.45-cm deep marginal bone defect on the capitate dorsum was identified. A 0.55 × 0.45 cm loose bone fragment was also found at that level. The examination was followed up by surgical management that involved marginal excision and extraction of the nidus of the left capitate bone. Results The patient reported the absence of pain in his hand and the increase in the range of motion in his wrist joint right after the surgery. The check-up X-ray images after three months revealed the signs of bone remodeling in the area of surgical intervention. The capitate defect was not found. Discussion OO in the hand may resemble a grainy remodeling of the osseous structure. A comprehensive examination that includes CT and MRI is crucial for revealing this rare OO localization. Conclusion The atypical localization and the patient’s age unusual for the liaison challenge the diagnosis and provide for the wrong choice of the treatment strategy.
The risk of tumor with the use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteins
Authors:   Republican Clinical Hospital. G.G. Kuvatova, Russia, Ufa, Russian Federation, Mukhametov U.F. , Lyulin S.V. ,   Medical Center Carmel", Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Borzunov D.Yu. ,   Ural State Medical University, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Sufianov R.A. ,   Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Moscow, Russian Federation, Gareev I.F. ,   Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation
Published: August 2022

Introduction Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of a large family of growth factors known as the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily. BMPs are known for their ability to induce bone formation and successfully used in orthopaedic and neurosurgical applications. Various proteins, such as BMP-2, 4, 7, have been reported to have osteoinductive abilities. Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-7 (rhBMP-7) are widely used for surgical correction of bone defects and spinal fusions. In addition to the effect on bone formation, BMPs also play a role in cell lineage determination, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis, and BMP receptors are present in many cell types including tumor cells. A large number of studies in vitro and in vivo have examined the role of BMPs as stimulating oncogenesis and metastasis. Therefore, there are some concerns about the use of rhBMPs in clinical practice. Objective In the present study, we aimed to investigate the causal relationship between the use of rhBMPs and oncogenesis by presenting the results of some preclinical and clinical studies. Material and methods For a comprehensive search, we used the following databases: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Database and Google Scholar to identifying studies that described a causal relationship between therapeutic use of rhBMPs and oncogenesis. Results The paper represents the findings on the role and identification of molecular mechanisms of BMP involvement in oncogenesis. In addition to that, the studies reporting a risk of oncological diseases with the use of rhBMPs in both preclinical and clinical studies were also analyzed. Conclusion There is a need for further clinical trials in a wide population over a longer timeframe.
Arthroplasty of the metacarpophalangeal joint (literature review)
Authors:   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russian Federation, Kotelnikov G.P. , Nikolaenko A.N. ,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russian Federation, Ivanov V.V. ,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russian Federation, Doroganov S.O. ,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russian Federation, Zgirsky D.O. ,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russian Federation, Isaikin P.Yu. ,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russian Federation
Published: August 2022

Introduction Diseases and injuries that affect the small joints of the hand, the metacarpophalangeal, in particular, lead to a limitated hand function and a reduced quality of life. The high functional demands of the hand impose strict restoration requirements and the development of the new and improvement of the existing surgical treatments of hand joints remains a serious challenge for the medical community. Arthroplasty of the metacarpophalangeal joint is widely used and can help restore function to hand. Despite the long history of arthroplasty procedures there is controversy concerning functional results. Objective Review foreign and Russian literature on metacarpophalangeal joint replacement and analyze the current state of the problem. Material and methods Foreign and Russian scientific publications on the treatment of metacarpophalangeal diseases and injuries were reviewed. Online searching for the articles published in Russian and English in the last five years was performed with the help of GoogleScholar, PubMed, eLIBRARY, PubMedCentral using the keywords "arthroplasty of the metacarpophalangeal joint", "osteoarthritis of the metacarpophalangeal joint", "finger joint replacement". Results and discussion Today, a wide range of total hip prosthesis designs, differing in geometric configurations and features is available with the current trend towards adaptation of the soft tissues to the structural modifications. Major indications for the use of different types of arthroplasty have been identified. Specific design features of implants can show higher failure rates and postoperative complications. Conclusion Arthroplasty is the best surgical treatment option for diseases and injuries of the metacarpophalangeal joint and improved construction solutions and materials for metacarpophalangeal arthroplasty are essential for better outcomes.
Perioperative prognosis of infectious complications after total hip and knee arthroplasties. Part II (literature review)
Authors:   Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation, Braginа S.V. , Moskalev V.P. ,   St. Petersburg State Medical University Acad. I.P. Pavlova, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Petrushin A.L. ,   Karpogorsk central district hospital, Arkhangelsk region, Karpogory, Russian Federation, Berezin P.A. ,   Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation
Published: August 2022

Introduction Risk factors in the perioperative period are important for reduction of the infection rate following total hip and knee arthroplasty. The objective of the review was to systematize information on potentially modifiable risk factors for infectious complications following total hip and knee arthroplasty and the possibilities to control them. Material and methods For a comprehensive search, PubMed, eLIBRARY, Scopus, Dimensions were used. The search depth was 30 years. Results The review reports potentially modifiable risk factors and the possibility to control them in the perioperative period. Patients undergoing total joint replacements often suffer comorbid conditions that must be addressed preoperatively and postoperatively. Comorbidities can be associated with such joint pathologies as oligo-, polyosteoarthrosis, arthroplasty of other joints, septic arthritis or with a history of periprosthetic joint infection. Somatic disorders can be associated with abnormal laboratory findings. All these risk factors cannot be eliminated completely and are detrimental for hip and knee arthroplasty. Discussion The current level of information on the risks of infectious complications following total hip and knee arthroplasty may be insufficient to reduce the spread of an infectious agent. There is controversy regarding some predictors of surgical site infection and periprosthetic joint infection. There may be equivocal cause-effect relationships between the patient's potentially unfavorable features and the adverse outcome, which requires further in-depth study of this problem.
16th Amendment Controversy between Legislature and Judiciary: An Analysis
Authors: Zubuair Mahdee
Published: August 2022

The constitution is the guide that leads a nation to prosperity. We cannot think of a modern state without it. So, after nine months of long blood-shedding battle in 1971, Bangladesh achieved her long-awaited independence and, therefore, made an instant effort to formulate a constitution rapidly, based on the ideological spirit of the war of independence. However, to accommodate the demands and will of the people and even sometimes to fulfill the narrow interests of the rulers, Bangladesh Constitution has been amended several times. Except for a few cases, almost every amendment; has a tremendous political impact on the constitution. Bangladesh's Constitution was recently revised to include a parliamentary procedure for judicial discipline for high court judges. The previous one supported judicial independence and separation of powers. The current system compromises judicial independence with accountability. As a result, the judiciary seems to fail to maintain its dignity and discharge its sacred responsibility.
Testosterone and congestive heart failure
Authors: Enina T. N. , Kuznetsov V. A. , Soldatova A. M.
Published: August 2022

This article summarizes current information about the interrelation between testosterone concentrations and chronic heart failure (CHF). The authors described key publications that address the prevalence of testosterone deficiency in patients with CHF, the effect of endogenous and exogenous testosterone on the cardiovascular system, the relationship between testosterone levels and the severity and prognosis of CHF, and the efficacy of interventional treatments for CHF.
Treatment of patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction: reliance on clinical phenotypes
Authors: Ageev F. T. , Ovchinnikov A. G.
Published: August 2022

The article discusses the problem of improving the effectiveness of treatment of heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF). The relative "failure" of early studies with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors was largely due to the lack of understanding that patients with HFpEF represent a heterogeneous group with various etiological factors and pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease. Therefore, the so-called personalized approach should be used in the treatment of these patients. This approach is based on the identification of clearly defined disease phenotypes, each characterized by a set of demographic, pathogenetic, and clinical characteristics. Based on the literature and own experience, the authors consider four main phenotypes of HFpEF: 1) phenotype with brain natriuretic peptide “deficiency” syndrome associated with moderate/severe left ventricular hypertrophy; 2) cardiometabolic phenotype; 3) phenotype with mixed pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular failure; and 4) cardiac amyloidosis phenotype. In the treatment of patients with phenotype 1, it seems preferable to use the valsartan + sacubitril (possibly in combination with spironolactone) combination treatment; with phenotype 2, the empagliflozin treatment is the best; with phenotype 3, the phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor sildenafil; and with phenotype 4, transthyretin stabilizers. Certain features of different phenotypes overlap and may change as the disease progresses. Nevertheless, the isolation of these phenotypes is advisable to prioritize the choice of drug therapy. Thus, the diuretic treatment (preferably torasemide) should be considered in the presence of congestion, regardless of the HFpEF phenotype; the valsartan + sacubitril and spironolactone treatment is appropriate not only in the shortage of brain natriuretic peptide but also in the presence of concentric left ventricular hypertrophy (except for the amyloidosis phenotype); and the treatment with empagliflozin and statins may be considered in all situations where pro-inflammatory mechanisms are involved.
Monomeric form of C-reactive protein in the assessment of the residual inflammatory cardiovascular risk in patients with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis
Authors: Melnikov I. S. , Kozlov S. G. , Pogorelova O. A. , Tripoten M. I. , Saburova O. S. , Khamchieva L. Sh. , Avtaeva Yu. N. , Zvereva M. D. , Prokofieva L. V. , Kuznetsova T. V. , Guseva O. A. , Balakhonova T. V. , Gabbasov Z. A.
Published: August 2022

Aim      To study the relationship between monomeric C-reactive protein (mCRP) and the progression of asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis in patients with a moderate risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) as assessed with the SCORE model.

Material and methods  The study included 80 men and women aged 53.1±5.8 years assigned to the category of a moderate risk for CVDs by the SCORE model with a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level of 2.7–4.8 mmol/l and asymptomatic, hemodynamically insignificant (<50% luminal narrowing) carotid atherosclerosis according to ultrasonic data. All patients were prescribed atorvastatin to achieve a LDL-C level <2.6 mmol/l. After 7 years of follow-up, ultrasonic examination of carotid arteries was performed, and concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and mCRP were measured.

Results A concentration of LDL-C <2.6 mmol/l was achieved in all patients. The progression of atherosclerosis as determined by an increased number of atherosclerotic plaques (ASPs), was observed in 45 (56 %) patients. At 7 months of follow-up, concentrations of cCRP were higher in the group of patients with progressive carotid atherosclerosis, while the levels of hsCRP did not differ between the groups. Increased mCRP concentrations were associated with changes in variables of the “atherosclerotic load”, including the number of ASPs, total ASP height, and the intima-media thickness (IMT). In patients with a median mCRP concentration of 5.2 [3.3; 7.1] µg/l and more, the increases in mean ACP number and total ASP height were considerably higher than in patients with mCRP concentrations lower than the median (3.9 and 2.7 times, respectively), whereas the odds ratio for the progression of asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis was 5.5 (95 % confidence interval, CI: 2.1–14.6; p=0.001). ROC analysis showed that the concentration of hsCRP had no predictive value for prognosis of asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis (p=0.16), while the area under the ROC curve (AUC) for mCRP was 0.75±0.056 (95 % CI: 0.64–0.86; p=0.001).

Conclusion      According to the results of 7-year follow-up, the plasma concentration of mCRP was significantly higher in patients with an increased number of ASPs than in patients without this increase. An increased level of mCRP may indicate a higher inflammatory risk of CVD.
The state of platelet and plasma hemostasis as a predictor of coronary blood flow in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Duhin O. A. , Kalinskaya A. I. , Rusakovich G. I. , Anisimova A. S. , Netylko J. E. , Polyakov P. A. , Vasilieva E. Yu. , Shpektor A. V.
Published: August 2022

Aim      To study the relationship of the platelet function and plasma homeostasis with the blood flow in the infarct-related artery (IRA) and with the course of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Material and methods  This study included 93 patients with AMI (75 patients with ST-elevation AMI and 18 patients without ST segment elevation). 63 patients had TIMI 0-1 blood flow in the IRA and 30 patients had TIMI 2–3. Rotational thromboelastometry, impedance aggregometry, the endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDVD) test, and the thrombodynamics test were performed for all patients. The primary clinical endpoint included the totality of in-hospital complications of AMI, and the secondary endpoint included the totality of out-of-hospital complications of AMI. Major bleedings (BARC 3-5) and minor bleedings (BARC 1-2) were evaluated separately.

Results Patients with IRA TIMI 0–1 flow were characterized by a shorter blood clotting time (BCT), larger thrombus size and density, more intense platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid and ADP, and lower values of the EDVD test. It was found that the parameters of platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid (AUC Asa) in combination with BCT allowed assessment of the severity of IRA blood flow disorder (sensitivity 76 %, specificity 71 %) in patients with AMI, regardless of the presence of ST segment elevation on the ECG. In addition, the incidence of the primary endpoint was greater in patients with IRA TIMI 0–1 flow (41.3% and 16.7%, respectively; p=0.015). In patients with TIMI 2–3 flow in the long-term period of the disease, the incidence of minor bleedings was significantly higher (8.5% and 30.4 %, respectively; p=0.045).

Conclusion      Compared to patients with preserved blood flow, patients with AMI and IRA TIMI 0–1 flow are characterized by endothelial dysfunction and more intense processes of thrombogenesis and platelet aggregation. It has been shown for the first time that the combination of two simple criteria for assessing hemostasis (AUC Asa; BCT) allows assessment of the degree of IRA blood flow disorder in patients with AMI.
The Short and Long-Run Effects of Attending the Schools that Parents Prefer
Authors: Beuermann Diether
Published: August 2022

Using meta-analysis we document that (across several contexts) attending sought-after public secondary schools does not tend to improve student test scores. We argue that this fact does not preclude the possibility that these schools could lead to gains in the future. We explore this notion using both administrative and survey data from Barbados. We show that preferred schools have better peers but do not improve short-run test scores. However, the same students at the same schools have more postsecondary school completion and improved adult well-being (based on an index of educational attainment, occupational rank, earnings, and health). These long-run benefits are larger for females, who also experience reduced teen motherhood.
Research Insights: How Do Firm Digital Adoption Policies Impact Labor Markets and Economic Recovery during the COVID-19 Pandemic?
Authors: Finkelstein-Shapiro Alan , Nuguer Victoria
Published: August 2022

In response to a shock such as the COVID-19 pandemic, a policy that facilitates firm digital adoption can, in the short run, accelerate the recovery of GDP, total employment, and labor income. In the medium run, the policy decreases total employment and the labor force participation rate due to a rise in households opportunity cost of working. However, this comes with higher levels of GDP and labor income, greater average firm productivity, a larger formal employment share, and a marginally lower unemployment rate.
lógica de la investigación científica
Authors: Pereira Reyes Álvaro Enrique
Published: August 2022

El presente artículo tiene el propósito de describir y analizar de manera sistemática la naturaleza de la lógica de la investigación científica que viene principalmente caracterizada por el método científico y el razonamiento o inferencia abductiva propuesta por el filósofo pragmatista Charles Sanders Peirce. El texto inicia con una crítica hacia la postura racionalista de Descartes y trascendentalista de Kant. Prosigue tanto con una explicación de las nociones de “duda” y “creencia” como con una descripción de los métodos para fijar nuestras “creencias” (método de la tenacidad, método de la autoridad, método a priori y método científico). Y concluye con la dilucidación del método científico, cuya naturaleza se encuentra determinada por las tres formas de razonamiento o inferencia: abducción, deducción e inducción.
On α-prime Ideals in the Semiring of Non-Negative Integers
Authors: Ravindra Bonde Dipak , Ninu Chaudhari Jayprakash
Published: August 2022

Characterizations of Î±-prime ideals in the semiring of non- negative integers are investigated.
The Closure Operator, Flats and Hyperplanes of es-Splitting Matroid
Authors: Malavadkar P. P. , Dhotre S. B. , Shikare M. M.
Published: August 2022

The es-splitting operation on binary matroids is a natural generalization of Slater's n-line splitting operation on graphs. In this paper, we characterize the closure operator of the es-splitting binary matroid MeX in terms of the closure operator of the original binary matroid M. We also describe the ats and the hyperplanes of the es-splitting bi- nary matroid MeX in terms of the ats and the hyperplanes, respectively of the original binary matroid M.
Approximation of Functions in H(Î±; p)-space By Taylor Means
Authors: Chandra Prem
Published: August 2022

In 2014, the authors [Mat. Vesnik, 66(1)(2014),46{57], among the other results, obtained the Jackson order: O(n-Î±) for 0 < Î± < 1 as the degree of approximation of functions in a subspace of H(Î±; p), 0 < Î± â‰¤ 1, 1 â‰¤ p â‰¤ âˆž space. In the present paper, among the other re- sults, we extend the subspace of H(Î±; p), used earlier by the authors[ibid], to obtain the Jackson order: O(n-Î±) for 0 < Î± â‰¤ 1 and relax the hypothesis imposed upon the functions in H(Î±; p) space.
Brousseau’s Reciprocal Sums Involving Balancing and Lucas-Balancing Numbers
Authors: Rayaguru S. G. , Panda G. K.
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we derive the closed form expressions for the finite and infinite sums with summands having products of balancing and Lucas-balancing numbers in the denominator. We present some generalized Brousseau’s sums for balancing and Lucas-balancing numbers.
An Asymptotic Expansion of Continuous Wavelet Transform for Small Dilation Parameter
Authors: Pathak Ashish , Yadav Prabhat , Dixit M. M.
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we derive asymptotic expansion of the wavelet transform for small values of the dilation parameter a by using Lopez and Pagola technique. Asymptotic expansion of Morlet wavelet, Mexican Hat wavelet and Haar wavelet transform are obtained as a special cases.
The Future is Near: On the Prospects of Central Bank Digital Currency Adoption in Central and Eastern European Countries
Authors: Mnohoghitnei Irina , Neguț (Cudric) Corina Anca , Horobeț Alexandra Lavinia
Published: August 2022

Central banks around the world have started exploring the possibility of issuing Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDC). A CBDC would be similar to digital cash and could, in theory, substitute for commercial bank deposits as the money used by households and businesses. This paper explored the potential implications for financial stability and monetary policy stemming from potential CBDC adoption in Central and Eastern European countries (CEEs). We conducted an empirical analysis using publicly available data from the European Central Bank’s database to assess how introducing a CBDC could impact the business models of the largest CEE banks. Our findings indicated that a CBDC could support financial stability by accelerating the adoption of digital payments in CEEs, improving anti-money laundering, and thus supporting banks’ ability to finance the economy. We found that the impact of a CBDC on the profitability of commercial banks would be impacted more by any change in interest rates than by the quantity of CBDC replacing stable bank funding. Furthermore, a CBDC could be beneficial for monetary policy by improving the control over inflation and accelerating the implementation of countercyclical instruments when classical monetary policy instruments are no longer effective. Hence, non-Euro CEE countries would benefit the most from the introduction of a CBDC.
Keywords: central bank digital currencies; financial stability; monetary policy; financial institutions
Assessment of the Impact of COVID-19 on Grocery Retail in Ukraine
Authors: Chernyak Oleksandr , Yakymchuk Bohdan
Published: August 2022

The coronavirus crisis affected the development of the global financial system: for some industries, the impact was extremely negative, reducing the market value of specific companies by more than 50%. However, the effect of the crisis on non-cyclical industries such as retail is not easy to assess. The resilience of companies strongly depends on the flexibility and multi-format qualities of the business model and the ability to innovate. For specific market players, the crisis period has become a window of opportunity to increase market share. For grocery retail in Ukraine, enormous challenges driven by COVID-19 influenced the acceleration of the transition from traditional sales channels to online shopping and led to an unexpected sharp growth of convenience and hard-discount store sectors. Consumers had to learn to live with the new reality that changed their shopping behaviors; a large proportion of them started to shop for groceries via online channels that they had never used before. A significant number of consumers are going to stick to online channels even after the reopening of brick-and-mortar stores. The objective of this research was to explore how COVID-19 affected the dynamics of the grocery retail market using economic-mathematical modeling. In employing Machine Learning methods, the authors offered an approach to assess the effects of the restrictions that the Ukrainian government imposed to localize the spread of COVID-19. The effects on consumer behavior metrics were modeled and interpreted according to local retailers’ business models, the location qualities of brickand-mortar stores, and potential shifts towards digital sales channels in specific regions.
Keywords: COVID-19 economic effect, grocery retail, consumer behavior, digital transformation
Sustainable Tourism in the Context of Environmental Economics
Authors: Ilić Ivana , Kostić Zorana
Published: August 2022

Increasing international focus on sustainable development have highlighted the need for a new paradigm of sustainable development in the tourism industry. Tourism, more than any other activity, depends on the quality of natural and social resources. The rapid spread of Covid-19 and its already palpable impact on the travel and tourism industry has highlighted the increasing complexity of the interconnections in the world. Sustainable tourism takes full account of its current and future economic, social and environmental impacts, addressing the needs of visitors and the industry. The subject of this paper was the sustainable development of tourism in the context of environmental economics. The main goal of this research was to examine the interplay between tourism and the environment within the context of the pandemic. The methodological basis was the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI), with a particular focus on environmental sustainability. The paper included an impact assessment of Covid-19 on sustainable tourism and forward-looking scenarios for 2021-2024. One of the key considerations was a SWOT analysis of the tourism industry within the pandemic conditions. Global recovery scenarios were discussed, as was the economic impact of Covid-19 on tourism in the European Union. Finally, this research put forward policy recommendations for governments to avert the worst effects and facilitate recovery in this field.
Keywords: tourism economics, environmental sustainability, Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI), European Union, Covid-19, crisis management
Adjusting the Costing/Pricing Systems of Public Health Units in Times of Emergency Health Crises: The Case of Greece
Authors: Rodosthenous Maria , Roumeliotis Evangelos
Published: August 2022

The aim of this research was to examine the costing / payment system applicable to public hospitals in the period before Covid-19 and compare it with adjustments implemented by the Greek Government because of Covid-19, both in payment methods and in the execution of its budgets. In addition, we tried to record the burden on hospitals with the extra costs caused by Covid-19 and how these affected the regular execution of their budget. Quantitative data were collected from a university hospital, which is one of 13 coronavirus reference centers in Greece. Data were collected from the Finance, Supply and Revenue pricing departments. All Greek hospitals have adopted Closed Consolidated Hospitalization – Diagnosis Related Groups (KEN- DRGs) as the pricing system, based on the Australian DRGs. The findings revealed that, due to the inability of the KEN system to readily adjust to a health crisis and due to a lack of time to adapt to the new circumstances, Greek hospitals were called to implement a per-diem reimbursement system as a Covid-19 case pricing system. It was also found that the hospital, in order to keep providing its services for Covid-19 patients at the same pace, was required to incur a large amount of expenses. According to the results, the reimbursement system of public hospitals in no way reflects the actual Covid-19 costs and a reliable cost accounting system for calculating the actual cost per Covid-19 patient (based on actual costs and hospitalization data) is needed. Additionally, there is an evident and urgent need for optimization of the KEN system and its evolution into a more reliable costing/pricing system, such as that of the DRGs.
Keywords: health costing, Public Health Units, Diagnosis Related Groups (DRGs), budget, health economics, coronavirus (Covid-19)
Virtual Learning and Parental Stress Experience in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study in Tabas City
Authors: Sadati Ahmad Kalateh , Sabouhi Golkar Zeinab
Published: August 2022

Introduction: One of the problems and challenges of families in the COVID-19 pandemic was the education of children. This study aims to discover and analyze the tensions and concerns of families in this regard.
Method: This qualitative study was conducted in 2021 in Tabas. Semi-structured interviews with 17 parents were used to collect data and the data were analyzed by thematic analysis.
Results: Data analysis showed that parents have experienced multiple concerns and tensions regarding their children's education in the pandemic. The issue of education quality on one hand and sociocultural challenges related to virtual space on the other hand was the most important concern of parents. The four themes of the study included socialization challenges, education problem, media panic, and economic and environmental problems.
Discussion: It is suggested that policy makers pay more attention to the problems of families in the field of virtual learning. Attention should be given to vulnerable groups and families, so that the issue of educational deprivation does not threaten the children of these families. On the other hand, sociocultural issues related to media and poor media literacy of parents are a major challenge in this field. It is necessary for sociocultural custodians as well as researchers and social theorists to provide theoretical discussions and solutions using psychology and social work in this field.