bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
mirada pedagógica de la orientación escolar
Authors: Calderón-Palacio Isabel Cristina
Published: September 2021

Este artículo presenta una propuesta para pensar la orientación escolar y su sentido pedagógico, en cuanto práctica que adquiere cada vez más relevancia en la vida de las instituciones educativas y sobre la cual se delegan importantes responsabilidades del proceso formativo de los estudiantes y de la organización escolar. Es en tal sentido, se busca hacer una lectura pedagógica de la orientación educativa, desde las posibilidades que ofrece la noción de práctica pedagógica, la cual en este ensayo no funge solo como categoría metodológica, sino como marco interpretativo de la orientación escolar.
SARS-COV-2: um vírus capaz de contaminar a democracia representativa e debilitar os direitos e garantias fundamentais?
Authors: Brasil Sérgio Augusto Veloso , Marques Meire Aparecida Furbino
Published: September 2021

RESUMOO objetivo deste artigo é estudar a crise na proteção dos direitos e garantias fundamentais, diante da pandemia de Covid-19. O avanço da pandemia tem acentuado a fragilidade nas relações entre eleitores e eleitos, constatando-se uma fracassada democracia representativa com direitos e garantias fundamentais relativizados por medidas administrativas implementadas pelos governantes. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão de literatura nacional e estrangeira e pesquisa bibliográfica. Conclui-se que há falhas na democracia representativa com eleitos que não respeitam os limites de seus mandatos.
Segurança nas Universidades Brasileiras: Perspectivas Públicas Institucionais Comparadas
Authors: Camilo Christiane De Holanda
Published: September 2021

Este artigo é uma apresentação dos resultados preliminares dos dados levantados no “Projeto de Pesquisa Violências, Conflitos e Crimes: Subsídios para a Formulação da Política de Segurança da UFG” realizado entre 2014-2015. O objetivo é analisar as políticas de prevenção à violência nas Universidades. A metodologia empregada foi uma pesquisa exploratória e documental pautando-se das informações públicas disponibilizadas nos sites institucionais. As cinco universidades pesquisadas foram: UFSC, USP, UFMT, UFMG e UNILA. Os resultados obtidos permitiram visualizar certa aproximação e divergência sobre as concepções de segurança nos campi, quanto ao registro estatístico e a presença da polícia militar na universidade.
Moralno-psykholohichne zabezpechennia pidhotovky ta zastosuvannia Zbroinykh Syl Ukrainy: sotsialno-humanitarnyi vymir [Moral and psychological support of training and using of the Armed Forces of Ukraine: Socio-humanitarian dimension]
Authors: Krut P. P , Stadnik A. V. , Vashchenko I. V.
Published: September 2021

Background: Service and combat activities of the personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine are carried out in difficult political, economic and socio-cultural conditions. Purpose: To summarize traditional problems and current scientific approaches in the study of socio-cultural factors of security and defense activities; to clarify the modern content of the concepts: “moral and psychological support”, “psychological support”, “work with the personnel”. Materials and Methods: The research methodology is based on the theoretical analysis of special psychological and pedagogical literature, the study and generalization of practical experience. Results: A comprehensive analysis of the socio-cultural foundations of the security and defense of the state has been carried out. The features and limitations of the official regulation of the activities of officials and control bodies for the moral and psychological support of the training and use of the Armed Forces of Ukraine were revealed. The modern content of the concepts: “moral and psychological support”, “psychological support”, “work with the personnel” was clarified and defined. Conclusions: There is a need for an interdisciplinary approach to clarify the terminology used in the regulations governing the procedure for moral and psychological support. We consider moral support, psychological support and social work to be the key components of moral and psychological support.
A neutralidade da lei 12.973/2014 na tributação do lucro: uma análise da alíquota tributária efetiva (ETR) em companhias brasileiras
Authors:   Pontifícia Universidade Católica - SP, Bravo André de Magalhães , Finessi Júnior Otávio ,   Pontifícia Universidade Católica - SP, Gonzales Alexandre
Published: September 2021

A introdução das normas internacionais de contabilidade no Brasil se fez com o compromisso, expresso em lei, de neutralidade tributária. O presente estudo teve por objetivo observar se tal compromisso se efetivou na prática, mediante a comparação da alíquota tributária efetiva (effective tax rate – ETR) dos tributos incidentes sobre o lucro nos períodos de 2010 a 2014, no qual vigorou o Regime Tributário de Transição – RTT, e de 2015 a 2019, já na vigência das regras tributárias atuais, instituídas pela Lei nº 12.973, de 13 de maio de 2014. O trabalho teve como base os dados das sociedades anônimas de capital aberto disponível no sítio da Comissão de Valores Mobiliários, agrupados por setores de atividade econômica. Na análise estatística, foi utilizado o software SPSS e aplicados os testes de Kolmogorov-Smirnov e de Wilcoxon. O resultado indicou que não houve alteração estatisticamente significativa nas alíquotas tributárias efetivas para as empresas dos setores de comércio, indústria, serviços e exploração de imóveis. Todavia, no setor financeiro observou-se uma redução estatisticamente significativa das alíquotas tributárias efetivas, mesmo tendo havido no período analisado aumento das alíquotas nominais dos tributos incidentes sobre os lucros das companhias desse setor, o que indica a necessidade de aprofundamento da pesquisa visando identificar a causa desse resultado discrepante.
The status of English in the EU institutions after Brexit: A discursive analysis of selected press articles
Authors: Guziak Albert
Published: September 2021

The aim of this article is to find out what the status of English, currently the primary working language within the EU institutions, might look like once the United Kingdom leaves the EU structures. To that end, this paper will analyse a selection of press articles. Although the manner in which the so-called Brexit will take place is still uncertain, a diverse range of opinions and prognostications on what will happen to English is being expressed publicly, taking into consideration many factors (political, sociological and purely linguistic) which may contribute to a possible scenario or scenarios. This article does not lay claim to submitting any firm or reliable vision of the future as none such exists elsewhere. This paper intends to analyze some discursive strategies employed by the authors of the articles to place the discussed subject into a discursive framework by using tools of critical discourse analysis which mainly focus on the relation of power and language.
Secondary school students’ attitudes to phrasal verbs
Authors: Góreczna Dorota
Published: September 2021

Phrasal verbs are an essential, though difficult to teach and learn, part of the English language. Although phrasal verbs are commonly used by native speakers, for English learners they pose a considerable challenge as far as their acquisition and use are concerned. The aim of this study is to examine students’ attitude towards phrasal verbs taught at the B2 level in upper-secondary schools, and to analyse the significance of these multi-word verbs. The paper presents an excerpt of a survey conducted among secondary school students, which examined their understanding of phrasal verbs and analysed students’ opinions about the importance of acquiring these demanding multi-word verbs.
Novel vancomycin resistance gene cluster in Enterococcus faecium ST1486, Belgium, June 2021
Authors: Xavier Basil Britto , Coppens Jasmine , De Koster Sien , Rajakani Sahaya Glingston , Van Goethem Sam , Mzougui Samy , Anantharajah Ahalieyah , Lammens Christine , Loens Katherine , Glupczynski Youri , Goossens Herman , Matheeussen Veerle
Published: September 2021

We identified a novel van gene cluster in a clinical Enterococcus faecium isolate with vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 4 µg/mL. The ligase gene, vanP, was part of a van operon cluster of 4,589 bp on a putative novel integrative conjugative element located in a ca 98 kb genomic region presumed to be acquired by horizontal gene transfer from Clostridium
scidens and Roseburia sp. 499. Screening for van genes in E. faecium strains with borderline susceptibility to vancomycin is important.
Naturaleza extraña. Desastres, riesgos y conocimiento público en Chiapas
Authors: Basail Rodríguez Alain
Published: September 2021

Naturaleza extraña… pone en evidencia el “ojo epistémico” de la sociedad al valorar las narrativas de la prensa sobre los desastres sociales y los eventos climáticos. Se trata de una lectura crítica de las formas de agenciar conocimientos y modos de crear referentes culturales sobre la naturaleza, sus eventos, los desastres, los riesgos y las vulnerabilidades. Sobre todo, es una crítica a los imaginarios institucionalizados desde las esferas mediática y política que modulan el conocimiento público sobre la dinámica climática con claves explicativas y performativas del “problema ambiental”. El lector podrá compartir las mediaciones culturales del acto epistemológico de representación de la naturaleza extraña, del conocimiento público y de las posibilidades de sus fronteras situadas desde la realidad de Chiapas, México.
Agencia social y educación superior intercultural en Jaltepec de Candayoc, Mixe, Oaxaca
Authors: Bermúdez Urbina Flor Marina
Published: September 2021

Este libro contextualiza históricamente los diferentes procesos que condujeron a la creación del Instituto Superior Intercultural Ayuuk (ISIA) en el distrito Mixe de Oaxaca. En el volumen se analizan las articulaciones pedagógico-políticas que el ISIA ha aportado a la vida comunitaria y profesional de sus estudiantes, así como su influencia en las luchas comunitarias locales. Se asume que la propuesta de educación superior intercultural impulsada por el ISIA ha implicado una “reinvención” del papel del universitario y el uso/utilidad de los saberes mixes/campesinos en un contexto de capitalismo neoliberal que promueve la acumulación y la desposesión. Finalmente, se destaca la relevancia que adquiere la educación superior intercultural y su articulación como una práctica situada de agenciamiento social que transforma a las instituciones educativas a partir de su vinculación con los movimientos de defensa de la tierra, la territorialidad y de la cultura propia en Oaxaca.
Discursos y prácticas de la educación superior intercultural. La experiencia de Chiapas
Authors: Navarro Martínez Sergio Iván
Published: September 2021

Lo distintivo y novedoso del presente libro consiste en que el autor analiza de forma comparativa y contrastiva dos tipos de universidades interculturales, aplicando las mismas preguntas, acompañando al mismo tipo de actores y generando así inéditas “miradas cruzadas” entre ambas experiencias. En un caso, se trata de una de las decanas de las universidades interculturales creadas por un decreto oficial entre el gobierno federal y un gobierno estatal; la Universidad Intercultural de Chiapas (UNICH), y, en el segundo caso, el Centro de Estudios para el Desarrollo Rural, A.C. (CESDER), que ofrece la Licenciatura en Planeación del Desarrollo Rural. Con esta selección muy acertada de dos programas educativos temática y profesionalmente afines, impartidos en contextos rurales e indígenas comparables, Sergio Navarro despliega una investigación etnográfica con docentes y estudiantes de una institución educativa pública gubernamental y de otra institución educativa de tipo no gubernamental. Esta distinción no se limita a la figura jurídica y al carácter público versus privado, sino que tiene implicaciones acerca de cómo se concibe la interculturalidad: como detalla el autor desde un inicio, en un caso la interculturalidad universitaria es concebida “desde arriba hacia abajo”, mientras que en el otro caso se trata de una noción pensada “desde abajo hacia arriba”.
Artesanas tseltales: entrecruces de cooperación, conflicto y poder
Authors: Ramos Maza Teresa
Published: September 2021

La autora dirigió su atención hacia las creadoras de las artesanías, hacia las relaciones establecidas por ellas con los hombres; hacia sus maneras cotidianas de vivir. ¿Cómo tejer un objeto de estudio con ellas? La autora encontró un asidero para tal fin. Con base en la perspectiva de género, elaboró preguntas acerca de las desigualdades sociales entre hombres y mujeres y qué tienen que ver éstas con las desigualdades sociales más amplias y las relaciones de poder. En este libro, la autora ha tenido la oportunidad de entrelazar sus preocupaciones teóricas, sistematizarlas y analizarlas desde las diversas preguntas surgidas a través de sus experiencias de trabajo y de vida en algunas partes del país y en regiones del estado de Chiapas.
Poesías del señor D. Saturnino Ocampo
Authors: Ocampo Arrazate José Saturnino
Published: September 2021

La posteridad, juez severo e incorruptible, hará justicia acerca del mérito de los versos que siguen. Ella verá que Ocampo era poeta lírico, cuya escuela fue la lectura de buenos y clásicos autores y que siendo pobre, no recibió educación ninguna, escribiendo versos por inclinación y amor las bellas letras. Silenciosa tumba del amigo, del pariente y del hermano.
Hacerse hombres cabales. Masculinidad entre tojolabales
Authors: López Moya Martín de la Cruz
Published: September 2021

El libro de Martín de la Cruz López Moya es un claro ejemplo del movimiento acadé¬mico relacionado con los estudios de género sobre los varones y las masculinidades desarrollados en México. Su estudio sobre las prácticas y representaciones del ser hombre y la masculinidad en una sociedad indígena, en este caso entre hablantes de la lengua tojolabal, en el estado mexicano de Chiapas, a través de la práctica cotidiana, la palabra coloquial, la interacción en el flujo de la vida, abre un nuevo campo temático hasta ahora inexplorado en nuestro país y se vincula lo mismo con la discusión teórica de autores como Bourdieu. Connel, Brandes, Foucault, Badinter, Gilmore o la feminista Mohanty, como de igual manera con la producción antropoló¬gica de Lenkersdorf y Viqueira.
Territorio y geopolítica: insurgencia y desmovilización en el Petén. 1960-2000
Authors: Valdez Gordillo Mario
Published: September 2021

Este trabajo ha constituido un desafío tanto en el nivel personal, como en el teórico y metodológico. En primer término, el reto radicó en mi participación directa durante un periodo importante del proceso estudiado en las selvas de El Petén, en el noreste de Guatemala. A partir de ello, de entrevistas con otros testigos directos y de estudios teóricos, analizo cómo impactó la reorganización espacial de esta región y si se trató únicamente de la reconfiguración de sus bases geográficas o, por el contrario, de una reconstitución de las relaciones de poder preexistentes: la colonización campesina y la implantación de la insurgencia territorializada como parte de un fenómeno simbiótico.
Región Sierra: ámbitos de pobreza y desigualdad de género
Authors: Bayona Escat Eugenia
Published: September 2021

La investigación se enfoca en una de las zonas más pobres de Chiapas, la Región Sierra. Las causas de la marginación se deben a efectos variados: geografía accidentada, clima adverso, desgaste paulatino de la tierra, división de los suelos en minifundios cada vez más reducidos, abandono por parte de las instituciones, contextualización histórica de dependencia laboral con la región vecina del Soconusco y, consecuentemente, la imposibilidad de crecer económicamente de manera autónoma. La pobreza y la marginación son las características más comunes de la mayoría de la población, pero en la actualidad sus consecuencias se han agudizado con la subida de precios de los alimentos y otros enseres, por la improductividad de la tierra y la imposibilidad de encontrar trabajo para subsistir en un mercado laboral agotado. El proceso de migración, cada día protagonizado por más hombres y mujeres es una de las repuestas inmediatas ante esta crisis y tiene también consecuencias graves por la dependencia económica que provoca en la región, por el abandono paulatino de la población local y por la dispersión de miembros familiares entre varios espacios migratorios.
El Congreso Indígena de Chiapas: un testimonio
Authors: Morales Bermúdez Jesús
Published: September 2021

Del 13 al 15 de octubre de 1974 se llevó a cabo en la ciudad de San Cristóbal de Las Casas el Primer Congreso Indígena de Chiapas Fray Bartolomé de Las Casas, bajo el lema Igualdad en la justicia. En el dilatado proceso de su organización, que incluyó reuniones preparatorias y acuerdos regionales, participó activamente el autor de este volumen, quien a su propia experiencia del encuentro interétnico sumaría el examen crítico, la reflexión en perspectiva que daría paso a un ensayo publicado en el Anuario 1991 del que fue Instituto Chiapaneco de Cultura. A partir de entonces, el texto ha sido multicitado por investigadores académicos de diversas latitudes e idiomas, al considerársele fuente referencial de primer orden en el estudio del tema. Por ejemplo, Sonia Toledo Tello afirma: “Jesús Morales Bermúdez ofrece una interesante versión testimonial sobre el Congreso Indígena, desde sus antecedentes, realización y resultados inmediatos, así como el impacto político que el acto tuvo en varias regiones indígenas de Chiapas”. La presente edición contiene, además del ensayo referido, otro que recapitula y analiza desde nuestros días, a la distancia de casi medio siglo del Congreso, algunos cambios y horizontes que registra y prefigura la historia contemporánea de Chiapas y también los efectos sociales, anhelos colectivos e identidades culturales que a partir de su diversidad ha conocido y continúa experimentando la nación mexicana.
Informe-diagnóstico. Feminicidios en Chiapas: estudios de caso 2012-2013
Authors: Luna Blanco Mónica Adriana , Fragoso Lugo Perla Orquídea
Published: September 2021

El presente diagnóstico muestra el feminicidio desde un enfoque global en el que intervienen la marginalidad, la tensión entre la tradición y la modernidad, los conflictos y las disidencias de género, la mayor participación de las mujeres en los procesos migratorios y la impunidad de quienes ejercen violencia hacia las mujeres en general, y violencia feminicida en particular. El objetivo consiste en explorar y analizar los factores subjetivos, sociales y estructurales que inciden en la producción y reproducción de la violencia de género, la violencia feminicida y el feminicidio en tres regiones del estado de Chiapas: Centro, Altos y Soconusco, y con ello proponer estrategias de prevención, lo cual fue alcanzado con indiscutible destreza.
Tomar la palabra. Expresiones literarias y de cultura popular en el sureste mexicano
Authors: González Roblero Vladimir , Maranto Zepeda Matza , García Meza Norma Esther , García Valencia Édgar , Carlos Gutiérrez Alfonzo
Published: September 2021

Tomar la palabra. Expresiones literarias y de cultura popular en el sur de México es el resultado de encuentros de algunos integrantes del cuerpo académico Sociedad y Cultura en Fronteras del Centro de Estudios Superiores de México y Centroamérica con alumnos e investigadores interesados en el estudio de la cultura, de la literatura, sobre todo. El hilo de nuestras conversaciones nos mostró que nos sentíamos atraídos por lenguajes que daban cuenta de experiencias, de emociones, de rutas de imaginación; de ahí proviene nuestro interés por hurgar en las inscripciones que realizan algunos hombres y mujeres, con las cuales ofrecen mundos que se dejan leer. Nuestro marcado interés por los textos de creación nos sitúa en un ámbito de la cultura en el cual es posible comprender que existe más de una forma de crear conocimiento. Para nosotros, los textos de ficción, de creación, son objetos de estudio, producidos dentro de un espacio y un tiempo, cuyas riquezas estarán en relación con las habilidades de quienes los han provocado. Está dentro de nuestro horizonte también observar las inscripciones que con ciertos fines hacen determinadas personas, como expresiones que definimos como parte de la cultura popular.
Stroke Rehabilitation in Nigeria: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors:   Bayero University Kano, Abdullahi Auwal
Published: September 2021

Stroke rehabilitation offers opportunity for people with impairments and disabilities secondary to stroke. In this regard, there are many advances particularly in the developed countries. Whereas, in the developing countries such as Nigeria there are still many challenges such as lack of guidelines to guide clinicians and other stakeholders, dearth of the neurological rehabilitation professionals, inadequate training of the existing rehabilitation professionals, poor infrastructure, and lack of policies for stroke rehabilitation. However, there are also opportunities as well such as increased national and global focus on non-communicable diseases, partnership with stakeholders in national and global health, leveraging on democratic governance, leveraging on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and leveraging on the systems through which communities deal with stroke. When these opportunities are harnessed, they can help to improve stroke rehabilitation in the country. Additionally, tackling the challenges headlong can help to improve stroke rehabilitation in Nigeria.
Construcción social de los obstáculos para realizar ejercicio físico en la adolescencia
Authors: Arreguin Moreno Rocio Haydee , Chávez Valenzuela María Elena
Published: September 2021

En comparación con la etapa de la niñez, en la adolescencia se reduce la práctica del ejercicio. Entre las causas más comunes se encuentra la presión por tener la apariencia física socialmente deseable, lo cual genera desde introyección de la vergüenza sobre el cuerpo, hasta los trastornos de conducta alimentaria. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar algunos obstáculos para realizar ejercicio físico en población adolescente escolarizada. A través de una escala de barreras se realizaron preguntas relacionadas con la imagen corporal, la ansiedad físico-social, la fatiga o pereza, obligaciones o falta de tiempo, y el ambiente o instalaciones. Los resultados indican una diferencia mayor en las mujeres en las preguntas que tienen que ver con “sentir vergüenza porque me están mirando mientras hago ejercicio” y “no encontrar el tiempo necesario para el ejercicio”; hombres y mujeres respondieron que las limitaciones principales son, falta de tiempo, tener pereza y tener mucho trabajo. En conclusión, analizar de qué manera las exigencias respecto de lo que compete a ser joven o adolescente en la época actual es útil para determinar las limitaciones que se tienen, no solo para la práctica del ejercicio físico sino para las estrategias que tienen que ver con el desarrollo integral, especialmente en esta etapa en la que existe una transición hacia la adultez.
Apoyo a la autonomía en Educación Física. Una aproximación en la ciudad de Chihuahua.
Authors: Salazar Ayala Carla Mariela , Cuadras Gabriel Gastélum
Published: September 2021

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue conocer la percepción de apoyo a la autonomía ejercida por el docente en las clases de educación física primaria en la ciudad de Chihuahua. Método: diseño de investigación exploratorio, transversal retrospectivo. Cuya muestra comprendió 53 estudiantes que fueron seleccionados, de forma intencional, en dos escuelas de verano. Llevada a cabo en el mes de julio de 2019. Resultados: La percepción de apoyo a la autonomía presentó un valor promedio de 4.97 (DT = 1.06, rango 1.67-6.40). El ítem que refleja las opciones y posibilidades que sienten recibir los estudiantes del maestro fue el más bajo y reportó una media de 1.34 (DT=.48) y la manera en que el docente habla a sus estudiantes fue 3.19 (DT=2.43). Conclusiones: esta primera aproximación indica que el apoyo a la autonomía en cierto grado está presente en las clases de educación física, pero la baja respuesta en los ítems mencionados nos habla que el docente tiene que mejorar en su estilo de comunicación y ofrecer a sus alumnos una amplia variedad de posibilidades y opciones que los hagan participes de su propio aprendizaje, pero se necesitan estudios más específicos y con un tamaño muestra más significativa.Palabras claves: autonomía, profesor, educación física, clima de aprendizaje, primaria.
Percepción del feedback correctivo por alumnos de educación física
Authors: Vergara Torres Argenis Peniel , Vanegas Farfano Minerva , Ramírez Nava Rubén , Tomás Inés , Tristán Rodríguez José
Published: September 2021

El feedback correctivo que el profesor de educación física proporcione a sus alumnos puede ser percibido de diversas maneras, lo que influye en el desempeño de las tareas de aprendizaje (Mouratidis, Lens y Vansteenkiste, 2010). El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relación existente entre el feedback correctivo proporcionado por el profesor y la percepción legítima, ilegítima y de oportunidad para aprender de los alumnos. Participaron 412 estudiantes de educación física de sexto grado de primaria, con edades comprendidas entre los 10 y 12 años, que cumplimentaron los instrumentos para evaluar las variables de estudio. Los resultados de los análisis de ecuaciones estructurales mostraron que la cantidad de feedback correctivo que proporciona el profesor tiene una relación positiva con la percepción legítima (β= .99), la oportunidad para aprender (β= .98); y negativa con la percepción ilegítima (β = -.29). En conclusión, el feedback correctivo incide en el desempeño de las tareas de aprendizaje del estudiante de educación física a pesar de ser una retroalimentación negativa. Por eso es importante que el profesor verifique que el feedback correctivo sea aceptado por los alumnos.
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA: A DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Juma Luluwa , Alkharoossi Hannan , Fernandez Manuel
Published: September 2021

This study aims to identify the status of Saudi Arabia as a destination for FDI, the factors that attract FDI into Saudi Arabia, and the factors that hinder the flow of FDI into Saudi Arabia. The study covers a period of five years from 2015 to 2019. The study analysis various determinants of FDI: market size, infrastructure, technology adoption, innovation friendliness, productive and diversified labor force, financial infrastructure, taxation, political risk, corruption, and ease of doing business.  The study finds that several factors like market size, well-developed infrastructure, a higher degree of technology adoption, innovation-friendliness, the banking system that is well-capitalized and liquid, low corporate taxes, political stability, low transfer risk, low expropriation risk, low levels of corruption, and a stable currency make Saudi Arabia an attractive destination for FDI. At the same time, the low labor market efficiency and the low ranking in ease of doing business makes it less attractive to FDI.
GYNAECOLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES
Authors: Ashraf Tasneem , Haroon Samia
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To determine the frequency of different Gynecological Malignancies and outcome following primary treatment.Study Design: Cross sectional Descriptive Study. Place and Duration of study: In a tertiary care hospital; Bolan Medical ComplexHospital Quetta Baluchistan from Feb 2006 to Nov 2009. Methodology: All the women presenting with genital tract cancer during thestudy period were included. Their age, parity, mode of presentation, anatomic area involved, and investigations performed were noted.Stage of disease (according to FIGO staging), surgical procedures performed, and operative finding were recorded. Specimens weresubjected to histopathological examination. Post operative chemo or radiotherapy was given according to stage and histopathologyreports. Patients were followed up by telephonic appointments for growth recurrence, disease free interval and mortality. Follow uprecords were also obtained from Oncology Department & CINAR (Cancer Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Radiotherapy) HospitalQuetta. Results: Amongst the 93 cases of gynecological cancer ovarian cancer was the commonest (45%), cervical and uterine cancerswere equal in frequency (17.2%), and Choriocarcinoma was seen in (9.3%) cases while vaginal cancer was rarest (1.83%). Epithelialovarian tumors were the commonest (71%) and 67% patients presented in stage III &IV. During the median follow up period of 25 months44% patients are alive without recurrence. 27% lost to follow up, 18% developed recurrence, 11% died with disease, 50% cancer deathswere due to ovarian cancer. Conclusions: Ovarian cancer is the commonest genital tract cancer and accounted for half of all genital tractcancer deaths. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve prognosis. Well established screening program and public awareness isimportant for early diagnosis and to decrease mortality.
LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY;
Authors: BEHZAD HEMMATPOOR , TAYEBEH MAHVAR , REZA MAKHSOSI BEHNAM , Morteza Saeb
Published: September 2021

Background: shoulder pain after laparoscopic procedure is a frequent complication encountered in surgery ward. Severaltreatments have been proposed to reduce it. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative administration of gabapentin inpreventing and attenuating Post Laparoscpoic Shoulder Pain (PLSP) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Design: In a randomised,double blinded placebo controlled study. Setting: Woman's Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. Period: April 2011 toMarch 2012. Material and methods: 90 patients of ASA physical status I-II undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy wererandomly allocated to receive gabapentin 600 mg or placebo ,half an hour before surgery. The presence analgesia and side effects wererecorded for 12h postoperatively in same times. Results: Incidence Verbal Rating Scale (VRS) ≥ 4 at different times after arrival to PACUwere significantly lower in gabapentin group in arrival (P Value= 0.003) and then after 30 miniute (P Value= 0.02) and 2 (P Value=0.003), 4 (P Value= 0.03) and 6 (P Value= 0.04) hours after arrival to Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU). But this sigificancy lost at 12hours (P Value= 0.07) after arrival to PACU. Also there was a reduction in amounts of postoperative in ward analgesic consumption. Sideeffects were not different between two groups. Conclusions: 600 mg gabapentin as premedication is effective and safe for reducing postlaparoscopicshoulder pain intensity after general laparoscopy compared with placebo.
ACUTE BRONCHIOLITIS IN CHILDREN;
Authors: AHMAD SHAKIL , AAMIR SADIDA , AHMAD SHAHBAZ
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To study the epidemiological and clinical features of acute bronchiolitis in children <2 years of age with mild tomoderate acute bronchiolitis. Study design: Descriptive, cross sectional study. Place and duration of study: Outpatient department ofDepartment of Pediatrics, independent university hospital, Faisalabad, Pakistan, from October 2010 to March 2011. Methodology: 200children diagnosed clinically with mild or moderate acute bronchiolitis were included in the study using convenient sampling technique.Epidemiologic variables of interest included age, gestational age at birth, sex, weight, breastfed or not, parental or caregiver tobaccosmoking and socioeconomic status. Clinical variables of interest included cough, fever, breathlessness, wheeze, Rhonchi, feeding andsleep pattern and severity of disease. Results: Predominant age group was between 2 to 12 months (76.5%) with mean age of 7.6±4.7.95.5% of children were full term at birth. Male predominance with male to female ratio of 1.4:1 was noted. Mean weight was 7.2±1.8 kg.Predominantly mixed feeding pattern (45%) was observed. Most of the parents/caregivers (70%) were nonsmokers. Majority of children(81.5%) belonged to families with poor socioeconomic status. Results of clinical variables revealed Cough (100%), breathlessness(69.5%), audible wheeze (59.5%) and rhonchi on chest auscultation (100%), disturbed sleep (80%) and decreased oral feeding (78%).Majority of children (79.5%) were afebrile. Mild acute bronchiolitis (73.5%) was predominant as compared to moderate acutebronchiolitis (26.5%). Conclusions: Acute bronchiolitis is more prevalent in children <1 year of age with male predominance and inchildren from families with poor socioeconomic status. Mild form of acute bronchiolitis is more common. A relative lack of fever alongwith cough, breathlessness, wheeze and/or rhonchi are major presenting clinical features of acute bronchiolitis.
FATAL INTRA-OPERATIVE DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION;
Authors: HUSSAIN TABISH , ZAHIR JAWAD , SATTAR SAMINA , Zaidi Bushra , Shah Mumtaz Hussain , Qureshi Qudsia Anjum , Sosorburam Tumenjavkhlan
Published: September 2021

Authors present a case of 26 years old female who was having Esophagectomy done due to esophageal perforationsecondary to severe corrosive intake strictures. Pre-operative course was uneventful, but during 5 hours of extensive surgery, shedeveloped fulminant disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) which was initially managed, but proved to be fatal after 4 hours of ICUstay. Surgeons should be alert that hypercoaguable state can develop in unprepared patients having extensive surgery.
PHYSICAL THERAPY;
Authors: KHALID MARIA , MALIK ARSHAD NAWAZ , KHAN ASGHAR
Published: September 2021

The purpose of study: Physical therapy is a renowned developing profession and improves not only the functional statusbut also enhance the quality of life in movement disorder population. The main purpose of this study was to find out the level of awarenessabout physical therapy in medical professionals. Methodology: A descriptive Cross sectional Survey was done with a sample of 100. Astructured questionnaire was developed for data collection from hospitals of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. The data was collected from July2010 to December 2010. The response was analyzed through SPSS-17. Results: The results show that 90% of medical communityknows about physical therapy as a specialty in medical sciences, refer their patients to the physical therapist, physical therapy isbeneficial for their patients, and physical therapy has an essential role in health care system. The medical community refers their patientsto the physical therapy for the management of musculoskeletal, neuromuscular, and cardiopulmonary conditions more commonly.Conclusions: Physical therapy is an emerging specialty of medical sciences in Pakistan. Physical Therapists are not
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE;
Authors: MUSTAFA SHAEEB , WANI SHABEER AHMAD , WALI ASIYA
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance is a global problem and awareness of hospital staff to it is limited. Objective: Tostudy the awareness among hospital staff at a tertiary care health facility regarding knowledge of antimicrobial resistance. Study Design:It is a prospective observational study. Setting: Sheri Kashmir institute of medical sciences which is a tertiary care medical centre in Indianpart of Kashmir. Period: Study was done over 6 month period from January 2011 to june 2011. Materials and Methods: A study wasconducted in a tertiary care hospital among the hospital staff through a personal interview regarding their knowledge about antimicrobialresistance. Results: 86% of the hospital staff interviewed considered antimicrobial resistance is a significant national problem but only52% considered it a problem in their own hospital. Clinicians considered that antimicrobial resistance is a problem more than otherprofessionals. Majority of health professionals including clinician’s rating of the knowledge of awareness of antimicrobial resistance wasaverage or low. The most important force/factor to prescribe any antibiotic was patient’s condition, while clinician’s profit interest ishaving the least influence. Conclusions: This study concluded that the knowledge of awareness of antimicrobial resistance among healthcare professionals indicate that it is a national problem but far less a problem at their own hospital. The in-service education regardingantimicrobial resistance among the hospital staff was not up to the mark.
ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION;
Authors: SHAFIQ MUHAMMAD , AKRAM MUHAMMAD , NASSER M. NASARULLAH KHAN
Published: September 2021

A delay in confirming a diagnosis of AMI may increase the risk of complication and a delay in ruling out the diagnosiscontributes to overcrowding in the emergency department. A crucial step in confirming or ruling out the diagnosis of AMI is themeasurement of myocardial enzymes in the serum. Early administration of thrombolytic therapy results in improved survival after AMI. Sothis study was planned to find out the serum marker with a better predictive value for the identification of acute myocardial infarction at thetime of admission. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Emergency department of Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore. Period:15th May, 2008 to 15th July, 2008. Methods: The study population consisted of 70 patients. Patients from both sexes, with clinicalhistory of typical chest pain for more than 30 minutes in duration with evidence of acute changes of myocardial infarction on ECG wereincluded in the study. This study was conducted to compare the positive predictive value and negative predictive value of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), cardiac troponin T (CTnT) and cardiac troponin I (CTnI) for detection of AMI. Data analysis was performed with StatisticalPackage for Social Sciences 11.5 (SPSS 11.5). Results: 88.6% cases had CTnI concentration more than the limit value while 11.4%cases had CTnI less than the limit value. The concentration of CTnT was more than the limit value in 70% cases and below the limit value in30% cases. The concentration of CK-MB was more than the limit value in 35.7% cases and 64.3% cases had CK-MB value less than thelimit value. The positive predictive value (PPV) of CtnI is 100% and negative predictive value (NPV) of CTnT is 100% in this study.Conclusions: It is concluded that CTnl is the better marker for the identification of acute myocardial infarction and CTnT is the bettermarker to exclude AMI as compared to CK-MB.
INTRAUTERINE CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICE;
Authors: ATEEQ MUHAMMAD
Published: September 2021

Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) introduced as an effective method of contraception in 1959. Since its introductionit has been accepted as a safe, convenient and acceptable means of preventing conception. IUCD has some documented complications,notably perforation of the uterus by the device. A unique case of translocation of an IUCD was located within the lumen of the caecum ispresented.
BURN PATIENTS;
Authors: KHAN FIRDOUS , SHAH ASIF , JANAN ABDUL AZIZ
Published: September 2021

Aim: To determine major risk factors of mortality and causes of death in patients presented with burn injury. Study design:Prospective Descriptive Study. Setting and duration: Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar,Pakistan from April 2008 and June 2012. Methodology: A prospective descriptive study was performed among the patients whoadmitted to the Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan between April 2008 and June2012. All relative information was collected through a detailed proforma and patient’s treatment files. Patients of any age, any degree ofburns and burns exceeding 10% TBSA were included. Patients presenting after more than one week post burn or patients referred fromother hospitals were excluded. Within this period, demographic data, treatment, and outcomes of treatment were reviewed and analyzed.Survivors and non-survivors among burn patients were compared to define the predictive factors of mortality. Results: Between April2008 and June 2012, 1850 patients were admitted with burn injuries. There were 1150 male patients (62%) and 700 female patients(38%). Mean age was 36 years with range of 1-70 years. Inhalation injuries were present in 45 patients (2.40%). Causes were flameburns (65.0%), electrical burns (15%), scalds (13%) and chemical burns (7.0%). The total body surface area (TBSA) burn ranged from10- 100%, with a mean of 38% TBSA burn. Mean length of hospital stay was 12 days (ranging from 24 hours to 170 days). Mortality ratewas 11.2%. Higher age, larger burn area, wound infection, longer hospital stay and the presence of multi-system organ failuresignificantly predicted increased mortality. Conclusions: Prevention is a key factor in reducing the morbidity and mor tality associatedwith burn injury. A campaign to educate people that burns can be prevented will be important in our community. The prevention of multiorganfailure and septicemia are likely to be more effective than their treatment.
DRUG INDUCED HEPATITIS
Authors: Ansari Shuaib , Bawany Muhammad Adnan , Hayat Atif Sitwat , Munir Akram , Khahro Adnan Ali , Naz Falak
Published: September 2021

Aims and Objectives: We evaluated whether HBV +ve and HCV +ve patients areat high risk for developing drug induced hepatitis than control subjects during treatment fortuberculosis with standard short course regimens. Study design: Observational cohort study.Place and duration: This study was conducted at Department of Medicine, Liaquat University ofMedical and Health Sciences Jamshoro from May 2008 to May 2011. Material and Methods: Allnewly diagnosed active tuberculosis patients were included in the study population and theywere further screened for hepatitis B surface antigen and HCV antibodies. All patients weredivided into three groups. One having no co-infection with hepatitis B and Hepatitis C and wastaken as control group, second group was co-infected with hepatitis B and third was co-infectedwith hepatitis C. short course anti tuberculous regimen was started and patients were followed forsix months. Results: One hundred and twenty eight tuberculous patients were divided into threegroups. 92 in control groups without any co-infection with hepatitis B and C, 10 were HBV +veand 26 were HCV +ve. During follow up 24 developed drug induced hepatitis, 8(38.33%, n = 24)in control group, 2(8.33%, n = 24) in hepatitis B group and 14(58.33%, n = 24) in hepatitis Cgroup. Conclusions: These findings suggest that treatment for tuberculosis in HCV seropositivepatients is a risk factor for the development of hepatitis exacerbation and HBV seropositivepatients shows no any increased risk of hepatitis exacerbation.
DENGUE FEVER
Authors: Badar Samina , Yasmeen Seema , Hussain Wajahat , Amjad Mohammad Asim
Published: September 2021

Objective: To assess the knowledge and practice of preventive measures againstdengue fever among medical students of Quaid-e-Azasm medical college and engineeringstudents of Islamia university, Bahawalpur. Design: Cross sectional descriptive study. Period:September 2012 to December 2012. Setting: Quaid-e-Azam Medial College and Engineeringwing of Islamia University Bahawalpur. Material and method: Sample size calculated for study8 by expecting prevalence of knowledge 78% in population of 1000 in each group with 5% marginof error and at 95% confidence interval was 263; by adding 10% response error sample became290 for each population. Individuals for study were selected by simple random sampling andinterviewed by using preformed questionnaire. Obtained data was analyzed by using SPSSversion 11. For categorization of knowledge and preventive practices against dengue fever intogood, satisfactory insufficient and poor scoring was done. Results: knowledge of protectivemeasures against dengue fever was found significantly better among medical than engineeringgroup (p<.000). Knowledge of personal protective measures against dengue fever wasadequate i.e. more than 90% in both groups had knowledge. Knowledge regardingenvironmental protective measures as screening and spraying of rooms was adequate i.e. >85%while this knowledge with regard to covering of collected water, disposal of broken bottles andtins, daily change of water in room cooler and space spray was 50% or less. However, knowledgeof biological control for mosquito breed with regard to use of snail was very poor i.e. 20% or less.As for as the practices of preventive measures were concerned both groups had no significantdifference which were very poor in all aspects except screening of rooms which was more than90%. Conclusions: There is dire need for improvement in both knowledge and practices ofpreventive measures against dengue fever among students and general population.
ACUTE APPENDICITIS IN CHILDREN
Authors: Sheikh Muhammad Ali , Latif Tariq , Latif Tariq
Published: September 2021

Objective: The study was conducted to identify clinical features significantlyassociated with histopathologically proven appendicitis in children. Design: Cross-SectionalObservational. Place and Duration of study: This study was conducted in Department ofPaediatric Surgery, Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore between August 2010 to August 2012.Patients and methods: Children aged 2 to 14 years who underwent appendectomy for acuteappendicitis during the study period were included. Patients who had appendectomy for anyreason other than appendicitis were excluded. Presenting symptoms, signs, hospital course ofpatients and histopathological diagnosis were recoded. Data was analyzed by using SPSS.Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for each symptomand sign were calculated. Results: Out of 1420 patients who were evaluated during the studyperiod for acute abdominal pain, 70(5%) were diagnosed with acute appendicitis. Four patientsleft against medical advice so 66 patients were studied. Patients were divided into acuteappendicitis and non-inflamed appendix group on the basis of histopathology of resectedappendix. Acute appendicitis was confirmed histologically in 43 (65%) cases and perforatedappendicitis was found in 8 (12%). No evidence of acute inflammation was found in 15 (22%)cases. Among clinical features only involuntary guard (p-value 0.01) and rebound tenderness(p-value 0.004) were significantly different among acute appendicitis and non-inflamed appendixgroup. Total leukocyte count more than 11,000 was significantly higher in acute appendicitisgroup. Conclusions: The cornerstone of diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children is thoroughhistory and meticulous physical examination. Involuntary guard, rebound tenderness and totalleukocyte count more than 11,000 were significantly more prevalent in biopsy proven cases ofappendicitis.