bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La permanencia de los senderos de Bonet. Experiencia del Proyecto “Puesta en Valor de la Urbanización Punta Ballena”
Authors: Asuaga Bonnafón Gabriela , Ferreira Oscar Luís
Published: July 2019

La urbanización Punta Ballena situada en el Departamento de Maldonado – Uruguay, fue proyectada por el Arquitecto Antonio Bonet Castellana entre los años 1947 / 1950 y declarada Monumento Histórico Nacional en el año 2009. La intervención claramente Moderna e inserta en un bosque artificial  preexistente, está estructurada a partir de su trama vial, la cual separa al vehículo del peatón creando senderos que a través de pasarelas elevadas, cruzan las calles vehiculares generando continuidad espacial y paisajística.

El trazado original hoy ya no existe. Se ha ido desdibujado en su mayoría las vías peatonales, y se han perdido la totalidad de las pasarelas elevadas.

Este Trabajo relata la experiencia del Proyecto “Puesta en Valor de la Urbanización Punta Ballena” donde se utiliza como base metodológica el proceso de Significación Cultural de la CARTA DE BURRA, 1979 (ICOMOS-Australia), para aproximarse al objetivo específico de  patrimonialización del territorio desde la perspectiva de Patrimonio Moderno.

El objetivo general es vincular este proceso de pertenencia de la Comunidad con su paisaje, con la necesidad y el derecho a la permanencia de nuestro territorio como diferencial de representación social desde el punto de vista de la sustentabilidad y de la preservación del patrimonio.
THE FUNCTIONS OF ILLOCUTIONARY SPEECH ACTS USED BY TEACHERS IN THE CLASSROOM INTERACTIONS
Authors: Armistany Petra , Zamzani Zamzani
Published: July 2019

This research aims to describe the functions of illocutionary speech acts used by teachers in learning interactions in class. The research method used in this study is qualitative descriptive. The data collection techniques in this study are observing and taking notes. The source of data in this study is teachers’ speech acts in learning interactions at State Vocational High School (SMK Negeri) 1 Klaten. The data used is the teachers’ oral speech on Mathematics, Science, History, and Accounting subjects in thelearning interactions at SMK Negeri 1 Klaten which has one conception or main idea. According to the results of the study, there are five functions of illocutionary speech acts used by the teacher in the learning interactionsin the class. The five functions include assertive functions in the form of stating and complaining; directive function in the form of commanding and advising; expressive function in the form of greeting and praising; commissive function in the form of promising and offering something; declarative function in the form of giving a name. Of the five functions, directive function is used most frequently, in which the teachers giving more commands.
PENINGKATAN KEMANDIRIAN ANAK MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN PRACTICAL LIFE DI TK ANNISA
Authors: Fitri Izza
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses dan hasil pembelajaran sebagai upaya meningkatkan kemandirian anak melalui pembelajaran practical life kelompok A di TK Annisa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri dari dua siklus. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Kemmis dan Mc Taggart. Setiap siklus terdiri atas empat tahap, yaitu: perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, pengobservasian, dan perefleksian. Subjek penelitian adalah 12 anak kelompok A TK Annisa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu: dengan teknik observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara diskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Indikator keberhasilan dari penelitian ini adalah apabila persentase kemampuan kemandirian anak mencapai ≥75%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemandirian anak melalui pembelajaran practical life dapat meningkat. Peningkatan kemandirian pada anak pra tindakan diperoleh nilai rerata 75,50% dengan persentase 55.45%, pada siklus I diperoleh rerata 96.58% dengan persentase 72.88%, pada siklus II diperoleh rerata 79,00% dengan persentase 83.66%. Pembelajaran practical life dapat menjadi solusi untuk meningkatkan kemandirian anak TK kelompok A usia 4-5 tahun.

Kata kunci: kemandirian, practical life, taman kanak-kanak usia 4-5 tahun
PENINGKATAN PERILAKU ANTI KORUPSI MELALUI METODE STORY TELLING
Authors: Lestari Dwi Puji
Published: July 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengambarkan proses penerapan metode story telling untuk meningkatkan perilaku anti korupsi pada TK B A Zahra Kabayoran Baru Jakarta Selatan. Penelitian tindakan kelas  mengunakan model Kemmis dan Mc. Taggart. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah TK B Az Zahra Kebayoran Baru Jakarta Selatan yang berjumlah 16 anak yang terdiri adari 6 perempuan dan 10 laki-laki. Langkah-langkah dalam penelitian ini yaitu: 1) Perencanaan; 2) Pelaksanaan; 3) Pengamatan; 4) Refleksi. Analisa data yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data kualitatifnya mengunakan model Miles and Hubberman. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua siklus yaitu siklus I dan siklus II. Hasil akhir dari analisa data menunjukan peningkatan sebanyak pada siklus II 88,05% dari pra siklus sebanyak 41,23% sampai pada siklus I 72,23%

Kata Kunci: Perilaku Anti Korupsi, Metode Story Telling dan Penelitian Tindakan
Assessment of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in Children Undegoing Hemodialysis. A Mini Review
Authors: Sulovic Ljiljana , Sulovic Vladimir , Zivkovic Zorica , Vasic Maja , Sulovic Nenad , Filipovic-Danic Snezana
Published: July 2019

Assessment of cardiac function is the leading parameter when evaluating the state of the cardiovascular system of patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. The aim of the paper: to assess the state of the cardiovascular system of these patients using new sensitive echocardiography and Doppler techniques and thus advance the prevention of cardiovascular disease.Method: Twenty children with end-stage renal insufficiency on chronic hemodialysis and twenty healthy controls underwent echocardiographic monitoring using standard Doppler and tissue Doppler imaging. Structural and functional changes in the left ventricle were evaluated.Results: Patients on hemodialysis had significantly greater left ventricular mass indices compared to the controls (p<0.001). The patients on hemodialysis had preserved systolic function – their fractional shortening, ejection fraction and Sm (systolic myocardial velocity) did not differ significantly compared to the controls (p>0.05). Early diastolic function in children on hemodialysis was also preserved: the E/A and Em/Am ratio did not differ significantly from the control group (p>0.05). Children on hemodialysis exhibited impaired late diastolic function (compliance index), that is, considerably higher E/Em compared to controls (p<0.00). Myocardial Performance Index values showed statistically significant elevation in children on hemodialysis compared to the control group (p<0.001).Conclusion: Tissue Doppler in tandem with conventional Pulsed Doppler can provide additional information on left ventricular filling pressures (E/Em) in children on hemodialysis. It is therefore recommended to perform routine measuring of Em waves and the E/Em ratio, not only in order to evaluate myocardial relaxation and ventricular filling pressures, but primarily to stratify risk and provide a prognosis.
Does the Electron Have an Anomalous Electric Dipole Moment?
Authors: Roza Engel
Published: July 2019

An analysis is presented of the possible existence of a second anomalous dipole moment of Dirac’s particle next to the angular one. It includes a discussion why, in spite of his own derivation, Dirac has denied its relevancy. It is shown why since then it has been overlooked and why it has vanished from leading textbooks. A critical survey is given on the reasons of its reject, including the failure of attempts to measure and its perceived violation of the CPT theorem. Moreover, by reference from literature, the possible impact is discussed in the nuclear domain and in the gravitational domain if it would exist.
Assessment of Ultra-Short Heart Variability Indices Derived by Smartphone Accelerometers for Stress Detection
Authors: Landreani Federica , Faini Andrea , Martin-Yebra Alba , Morri Mattia , Parati Gianfranco , Caiani Enrico
Published: July 2019

Body acceleration due the heartbeat-induced reaction forces can be measured as smartphone accelerometer (m-ACC) signals. Our aim was to test the feasibility of using m-ACC to detect changes induced by stress by ultra-short heart rate variability (USV) indices (SDNN and RMSSD). Sixteen healthy volunteers were recruited; m-ACC was recorded while in supine position, during spontaneous breathing (REST) and during one minute of mental stress (MS) induced by arithmetic serial subtraction task, simultaneous with conventional ECG. Beat occurrences were extracted from both ECG and m-ACC and used to compute USV indices using 60, 30 and 10s durations, both for REST and MS. A feasibility of 93.8% in the beat-to-beat m-ACC heart rate series extraction was reached. In both ECG and m-ACC series, compared to REST, in MS the mean beat duration was reduced by 15% and RMSSD decreased by 38%. These results show that short term recordings (up to 10 sec) of cardiac activity using smartphone’s accelerometers are able to capture the decrease in parasympathetic tone, in agreement with the induced stimulus.
Microcystins and Daily Sunlight: Predictors of Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis Mortality
Authors: Melaram Rajesh
Published: July 2019

Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) may rapidly propagate under favorable conditions, forming dense blooms. As water blooms deteriorate, blue-green algae can generate potent toxins, potentially harmful to companion animals, wildlife, and even humans. One widely recognized cyanobacterial toxin is microcystin. This algal toxin has been implicated in surface waters globally, increasing liver cancer and/or disease risk amongst those who depend on sources prone to microcystin contamination. Interestingly, no study looked at weather conditions when connecting liver health outcomes to freshwater cyanotoxins. The purpose of this study was to determine if climate was an important determinant of liver mortality and total microcystins at the ecological level. Secondary data was used to evaluate the proposed hypothesis. Environmental data (CDC WONDER) and toxin data (USEPA) were used in multivariate regression analysis. Mean daily sunlight and total microcystins were significant predictors of age-adjusted chronic liver disease and cirrhosis death rates. Mean annual precipitation and mean daily max temperature were non-significant predictors. This study demonstrated how microcystins in combination with climate may increase liver mortality. The results can prompt others to study environmental exposures of terminal liver diseases, guiding environmental health and the water industry of human survival needs.
Gene Expression Profiling Reveals That PXR Activation Inhibits Hepatic PPARα Activity and Decreases FGF21 Secretion in Male C57Bl6/J Mice
Authors: Barretto Sharon Ann , Lasserre Frederic , Fougerat Anne , Smith Lorraine , Fougeray Tiffany , Lukowicz Celine , Polizzi Arnaud , Smati Sarra , Régnier Marion , Naylies Claire , Betoulieres Colette , Lippi Yannick , guillou hervé , Loiseau Nicolas , Payrastre Laurence , Lakhal Laila , Ellero-Simatos Sandrine
Published: July 2019

The pregnane X receptor (PXR) is the main nuclear receptor regulating the expression of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes and is highly expressed in the liver and intestine. Recent studies have highlighted its additional role in lipid homeostasis, however, the mechanisms of these regulations are not fully elucidated. We investigated the transcriptomic signature of PXR activation in the liver of adult wild-type vs Pxr-/- C57Bl6/J male mice treated with the rodent specific ligand pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile (PCN). PXR activation increased liver triglyceride accumulation and significantly regulated the expression of 1215 genes mostly xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. Among the down-regulated genes, we identified a strong peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) signature. Comparison of this signature with a list of fasting-induced PPARα target genes confirmed that PXR activation decreased the expression of more than 25 PPARα target genes, among which the hepatokine fibroblast growth factor 21 (Fgf21). PXR activation abolished plasmatic levels of FGF21. We provide a comprehensive signature of PXR activation in the liver and identify new PXR target genes that might be involved in the steatogenic effect of PXR. Moreover, we show that PXR activation down-regulates hepatic PPARα activity and FGF21 circulation, which could participate in the pleiotropic role of PXR in energy homeostasis.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL BERBASIS RELATING, EXPERIENCING, APPLYING, COOPERATING DAN TRANSFERRING (REACT) PADA MATERI JAMUR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA KELAS X SMA
Authors: Nugroho Ervan Setya Bakti , Prayitno Baskoro Adi , Maridi Maridi
Published: July 2019

Tujuan penelitian yaitu: 1) menyusun karakteristik modul berbasis Relating, Experiencing, Applying, Cooperating dan Transferring (REACT) pada materi Jamur untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas X SMA, 2) menguji validasi modul berbasis Relating, Experiencing, Applying, Cooperating dan Transferring (REACT) pada materi Jamur untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas X SMA, 3) menguji keefektifan modul berbasis Relating, Experiencing, Applying, Cooperating dan Transferring (REACT) pada materi Jamur untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas X SMA. Pengembangan modul berbasis Relating, Experiencing, Applying, Cooperating dan Transferring (REACT) mengacu pada 9 langkah model research and development (R&D) dari Borg and Gall meliputi: 1) penelitian dan pengumpulan data, 2) perencanaan, 3) pengembangan produk, 4) uji coba produk awal, 5) revisi produk I, 6) uji coba lapangan, 7) revisi produk II, 8) uji coba lapangan operasional, 9) revisi produk akhir. Analisis hasil penelitian menggunakan dua teknik yaitu deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian  menunjukkan: 1) karakteristik modul berbasis REACT untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dikembangkan berdasarkan sintaks model pembelajaran REACT yang bermuatan indikator-indikator kemampuan berpikir kritis yang divisualisasikan pada tujuan, materi, kegiatan, dan soal evaluasi modul; 2) validasi modul siswa dinilai berkualifikasi sangat baik oleh penilaian ahli materi dengan pemenuhan 88,75% dengan kriteria sangat baik; ahli penyajian modul 93,44% dengan kriteria sangat baik; ahli keterbacaan 93,75% dengan kriteria sangat baik; dan ahli perangkat pembelajaran 92,40% dengan kriteria sangat baik; validasi modul guru dinilai berkualifikasi sangat baik oleh penilaian dari ahli materi dengan pemenuhan 94,40% dengan kriteria sangat baik; ahli penyajian modul 97,66% dengan kriteria sangat baik; ahli keterbacaan 93,75% dengan kriteria sangat baik; dan ahli perangkat pembelajaran 86,46% dengan kriteria sangat baik; rata-rata penilaian paktisi pendidikan 98,69% dengan kriteria sangat baik; serta rata-rata penilaian siswa 81,88% dengan kriteria sangat baik; 3) hasil uji lapangan modul berbasis REACT dengan rerata hasil kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas modul (75,56), lebih tinggi dibanding dengan kelas kontrol (70,60) dapat disimpulkan bahwa modul berbasis REACT dinyatakan efektif serta dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif bahan ajar di sekolah.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA BERBASIS PROYEK (PROJECT BASED LEARNING) PADA MATERI FLUIDA STATIS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KREATIVITAS BELAJAR SISWA KELAS X SMA/ MA
Authors: Novianto Nur Kholis , Masykuri Mohammad , Sukarmin Sukarmin
Published: July 2019

Pembelajaran menggunakan metode ceramah mengakibatkan kreativitas belajar siswa rendah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk 1) mengetahui karakteristik khusus modul fisika berbasis Project Based Learning (PjBL) pada materi fluida statis untuk kelas X SMA/ MA, 2) mendapatkan modul pembelajaran fisika berbasis proyek (Project Based Learning) yang telah memenuhi kriteria layak, dan 3) mengetahui peningkatan kreativitas belajar siswa setelah menggunakan modul fisika berbasis proyek (Project Based Learning) pada materi fluida statis. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development) yang mengadaptasi model 4-D dari Thiagarajan, dkk (1974) yang meliputi tahap define, design, develop dan disseminate. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket, lembar observasi dan tes. Uji lapangan operasional menggunakan one group pretest-posttest design. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian dalam tahap define adalah analisis deskriptif, pada tahap design menggunakan analisis KD, tahap develope menggunakan analisis kuantitatif deskriptif dengan cara mengkonversi data menjadi kategori skala 4 untuk hasil validasi modul, hasil penilaian sikap dan hasil penilaian keterampilan sedangkan penilaian kreativitas belajar dianalisis menggunakan ­­n-gain ternormalisasi. Tahap disseminate menggunakan analisis deskriptif dari hasil penilaian modul dalam kategori skala 4. Berdasarkan analisis data diperoleh hasil penelitian dan pengembangan sebagai berikut: 1) karakter khusus modul pembelajaran berbasis PjBL memiliki enam sintaks pembelajaran yang diintegrasikan di dalam rubrik modul dengan perincian ; (a) sintaks penentuan pertanyaan mendasar diintegrasikan dalam rubrik ‘Ayo Mencari Tahu!’, (b) sintaks perancangan proyek diintegrasikan dalam rubrik ‘Ayo Mendesain Proyek!’, (c) sintaks penyusunan jadwal pembuatan proyek diintegrasikan dalam rubrik ‘Mari Menyusun Jadwal!’, (d) sintaks pengawasan kemajuan proyek diintegrasikan dalam rubrik ‘Saatnya Memonitor!’, (e) sintaks pengujian hasil diintegrasikan dalam rubrik ‘Waktunya Menguji Hasil!’, dan (f) sintaks pengevaluasian pengalaman yang diintegrasikan ke dalam rubrik ‘Ayo Berbagi Pengalaman!’, 2) modul fisika berbasis PjBL yang dikembangkan memenuhi kriteria layak pada aspek kelayakan isi dan penyajian, kelayakan bahasa, kelayakan aspek pembelajaran PjBL, dan kelayakan kegrafikan dengan nilai rata-rata 3,8 atau dalam kategori ‘sangat baik’, 3) pembelajaran menggunakan modul pembelajaran fisika berbasis PjBL pada materi fluida statis dapat meningkatkan kreativitas belajar siswa dengan nilai gain 0,46 atau dalam kategori sedang.
Associating 2D Sketch Information with 3D CAD Models for VR/AR Viewing During Bridge Maintenance Process
Authors: Tanaka Fumiki , Tsuchida Makoto , Onosato Masahiko ,   Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University Kita 14, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 080-0814, Japan,   Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Published: July 2019

Virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality technologies are utilized at various stages of product lifecycle. For products with long lifecycles such as bridges and dams, the maintenance and inspection stages are very important to keep the product safe and well-functioning. One of the advantages of VR/AR is the ability to add important information such as past inspection data. Past inspection information is summarized in a document consisting of the 2D sketches of bridge degradation drawings. However, this degradation sketch is in 2D, and it has no correspondence with the 3D world. In this study, we propose a method to associate important information of 2D sketches with a 3D industry foundation classes (IFC) model, which is a standardized computer aided design model. To display a VR image of a bridge during the inspection process, the proposed method is applied to the 3D IFC model of the bridge and 2D degradation sketch of the inspection report.
Riding Motion Capture System Using Inertial Measurement Units with Contact Constraints
Authors: Maruyama Tsubasa , Tada Mitsunori , Toda Haruki ,   Human Augmentation Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) 6-2-3 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-0882, Japan,   Artificial Intelligence Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo, Japan
Published: July 2019

The measurement of human motion is an important aspect of ergonomic mobility design, in which the mobility product is evaluated based on human factors obtained by digital human (DH) technologies. The optical motion-capture (MoCap) system has been widely used for measuring human motion in laboratories. However, it is generally difficult to measure human motion using mobility products in real-world scenarios, e.g., riding a bicycle on an outdoor slope, owing to unstable lighting conditions and camera arrangements. On the other hand, the inertial-measurement-unit (IMU)-based MoCap system does not require any optical devices, providing the potential for measuring riding motion even in outdoor environments. However, in general, the estimated motion is not necessarily accurate as there are many errors due to the nature of the IMU itself, such as drift and calibration errors. Thus, it is infeasible to apply the IMU-based system to riding motion estimation. In this study, we develop a new riding MoCap system using IMUs. The proposed system estimates product and human riding motions by combining the IMU orientation with contact constraints between the product and DH, e.g., DH hands in contact with handles. The proposed system is demonstrated with a bicycle ergometer, including the handles, seat, backrest, and foot pedals, as in general mobility products. The proposed system is further validated by comparing the estimated joint angles and positions with those of the optical MoCap for three different subjects. The experiment reveals both the effectiveness and limitations of the proposed system. It is confirmed that the proposed system improves the joint position estimation accuracy compared with a system using only IMUs. The angle estimation accuracy is also improved for near joints. However, it is observed that the angle accuracy decreases for a few joints. This is explained by the fact that the proposed system modifies the orientations of all body segments to satisfy the contact constraints, even if the orientations of a few joints are correct. This further confirms that the elapsed time using the proposed system is sufficient for real-time application.
Compensation for Thermal Deformation of a Compact Lathe in Cutting Operations Using a Coolant Fluid with Temperature Measurements at a Few Specific Points
Authors: Ishino Yoshiaki , Tachiya Hiroshi , Kaneko Yoshiyuki ,   Technical Development, Takamatsu Machinery Co., Ltd. 1-8 Asahigaoka, Hakusan, Ishikawa 924-8558, Japan,   Division of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
Published: July 2019

We previously designed a compact computer numerical control (CNC) lathe that arranges its heat sources so as to reduce their thermal deformation. However, a compact lathe often undergoes large deformation owing to unexpected thermal conditions arising out of the work environment or from operation of the lathe itself. Hence, we propose a method to determine equations predicting thermal deformation in a CNC lathe from temperatures measured at a few specific points. These equations enable one to effectively compensate for lathe thermal deformation. However, they cannot be applied to cutting operations involving a coolant fluid because the coolant fluid flow may lead to a complicated thermal deformation scenario. In this study, we attempted to more accurately compensate for thermal deformation, for cutting operations involving a coolant fluid, by adding simple calibration coefficients to the prediction equations. We applied the modified equations to a numerically controlled controller and validated our approach for cutting operations using a coolant fluid under various conditions.
Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and Cognitive Training on food cravings in people taking antipsychotic medication
Authors: Grycuk Luiza , Gordon Gemma , Gaughran Fiona , Campbell Iain C. , Schmidt Ulrike
Published: July 2019

Background

Antipsychotic drug induced weight gain puts individuals with schizophrenia at increased cardiometabolic risk. As a potential intervention for this problem we describe the theoretical background and a protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) of approach bias modification training (ABM) combined with real versus sham (placebo) transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). The aim of this trial is to obtain information that will guide decision making and protocol development in relation to a future large-scale RCT of ABM and tDCS in this group of patients and, secondly, to assess the preliminary efficacy [ABM + tDCS] treatment.

Methods

Thirty adults with a DSM-V diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder treated with anti-psychotic medication will be randomly allocated to receive 5 sessions that will combine ABM and real or sham tDCS, in a parallel group design. In this feasibility study a broad range of outcome variables will be examined and no primary outcomes have been defined. Measures will include food craving, psychopathology (e.g. symptoms of schizophrenia and depression), neuropsychological processes (such as attentional bias, and impulsiveness) and the tolerability and acceptability of tDCS. The feasibility of conducting a large-scale RCT of [ABM + tDCS] and appropriateness of tDCS as a treatment for antipsychotic drug induced weight gain will be evaluated by assessment of recruitment and retention rates, acceptability of random allocation, blinding success (allocation concealment), completion of treatment sessions and research assessments (baseline, post-treatment and follow-up).

Discussion

The effect sizes generated and other findings from this trial will inform a future large-scale RCT with respect to decisions on primary outcome measures and other aspects of protocol development. In addition, results from this study will provide a preliminary indication of the efficacy of [ABM + tDCS] treatment for antipsychotic drug induced weight gain.
The State of Emergency Medical Services and Acute Health Facility Care in Uganda: Findings from a National Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Ningwa Albert , Muni Kennedy , Oporia Frederick , Kalanzi Joseph , Zziwa Esther Bayiga , Biribawa Claire , Kobusingye Olive
Published: July 2019

Background

There is limited information on the state of emergency medical services (EMS) in Uganda. The available evidence is from studies that focused either on assessing EMS capacity and gaps at the national level especially in Kampala or identifying risk factors for specific emergency medical conditions (e.g., injuries). In this study, we sought to provide a snapshot of the state of EMS in Uganda by assessing EMS capacity (pre-hospital and hospital) at both the national and sub-national (district) levels.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional national survey where we administered structured questionnaires to EMS providers and policy makers from 38 randomly selected districts across seven of the 14 health regions of Uganda. We interviewed district health officers, hospital managers, and pre-hospital EMS providers and collected data on EMS policies and guidelines, medical products, financing, health workforce, service delivery, and information sharing.

Results

As of the time of data collection, Uganda did not have national or sub-national EMS policies and guidelines to guide emergency health work. In addition, there was no functional universal toll-free number for emergency response in the country. However, Ministry of Health officials indicated that a taskforce has been set up to lead development of national EMS policy, guidelines, and standards including establishment of a toll-free emergency number. At the sub-national level, we found that majority of ambulances lacked the products and supplies needed to provide pre-hospital care, and mainly functioned as emergency transport vehicles, with no capacity for medical care. Only 16 (30.8%) of the 52 pre-hospital providers assessed had standard ambulances, with the remaining 36 (69.2%) providers having improvised ambulances that were not equipped to provide pre-hospital care. In addition, the police and bystanders were the first responders to the majority (>90%) of the emergency cases.

Conclusion

Our findings reveal weaknesses at every level of what should be a critical component in the health care system – one that deals with the ability to treat life-threatening conditions in a time sensitive manner. The MOH needs to speed up efforts to provide policies and guidelines, and to increase investments for the creation of a functional EMS in Uganda.
MOUSE CORTICOSPINAL SYSTEM COMPRISES DIFFERENT FUNCTIONAL NEURONAL ENSEMBLES DEPENDING ON THEIR HODOLOGY
Authors: Olivares-Moreno Rafael , López-Hidalgo Mónica , Altamirano-Espinoza Alain , González-Gallardo Adriana , Antaramian Anaid , Lopez-Virgen Veronica , Rojas-Piloni Gerardo
Published: July 2019

Background: Movement performance depends on the synaptic interactions generated by coherent parallel sensorimotor cortical outputs to different downstream targets. The major outputs of the neocortex to subcortical structures are driven by pyramidal tract neurons (PTNs) located in layer 5B. One of the main targets of PTNs is the spinal cord through the corticospinal (CS) system, which is formed by a complex collection of distinct CS circuits. However, little is known about intracortical synaptic interactions that originate CS commands and how different populations of CS neurons are functionally organized. To further understand the functional organization of the CS system, we analyzed the activity of unambiguously identified CS neurons projecting to different zones of the same spinal cord segment using two-photon calcium imaging and retrograde neuronal tracers.
Results: Sensorimotor cortex slices obtained from transgenic mice expressing GCaMP6f under the Thy1 promoter were used to analyze the spontaneous calcium transients in layer 5 pyramidal neurons. Distinct subgroups of CS neurons projecting to dorsal horn and ventral areas of the same segment show more synchronous activity between them than with other subgroups.
Conclusions: The results indicate that CS neurons projecting to different spinal cord zones segregated into functional ensembles depending on their hodology, suggesting that a modular organization of CS outputs controls sensorimotor behaviors in a coordinated manner.
Acceptability of the BATHE technique amongst GPs and frequently attending patients in primary care: a nested qualitative study
Authors: Thomas Clare , Cramer Helen , Jackson Sue , Kessler David , Metcalfe Chris , Record Charlie , Barnes Rebecca K.
Published: July 2019

Background

BATHE is a brief psychosocial intervention designed for physician use in patient consultations. The technique has gained some international recognition, but there is currently limited research evidence to demonstrate its acceptability and benefits to patient care. We conducted a pilot cluster randomised controlled trial and feasibility study to explore the use of BATHE as a key component of a patient-focused intervention to improve the care of frequent attending patients in UK primary care.

Methods

A nested qualitative interview study conducted within a pilot trial. The trial took place in six general practices in the South West of England. Recruited patients had been identified as being in the top 3% of attenders in the previous 12 months. General practitioners (GPs) were trained to use BATHE during a one-hour initial training session, and two top-up trainings which included feedback on implementation fidelity. GPs were asked to use BATHE with their frequent attending patients for a period of 12 months. At the end of the intervention period, GPs and patients from the intervention practices were invited to take part in an interview. Interviews were semi-structured and conducted by telephone. Thematic analysis was used.

Results

34 GPs were trained and documented using BATHE in a total of 577 consultations with eligible patients during the intervention period. Eleven GPs and 16 patients took part in post-intervention interviews. Benefits of using BATHE included making consultations more patient-centred, challenging assumptions that the GP knew what was going on for the patient and their main concerns and supporting self-management. Difficulties reported included fit with existing consultation style, identifying appropriate consultations to use BATHE and organisational constraints.

Conclusions

The study suggests that using BATHE is both acceptable and beneficial but also highlighted some of the difficulties GPs had incorporating BATHE into routine practice. Strategies to reduce these difficulties are needed before the extent of the potential benefits of BATHE can be fully assessed.
Making sense of leadership in early childhood education: Tensions and complexities between concepts and practices
Authors: Klevering Nicki , McNae Rachel
Published: July 2019

Effective leadership within early childhood settings is aligned with the perceived successful implementation of high quality care and education programmes (Thornton, Tamati, Clarkin-Philips, Aitken & Wansbrough, 2009). With growing attention on the role early childhood education (ECE) plays in preparing children to be successful in their lives, it is not surprising that there is increased focus on the work and impact of educational leaders in this endeavour. An expanding body of research specifically exploring leadership within ECE settings illustrates how much of the educational leadership theory corpus lacks contextual relevance and fails to recognise the complexities and realities of leading in early years contexts (Rodd, 2013). The qualitative research reported on in this article examines the leadership understandings and perceptions of five qualified, registered early childhood leaders. The findings illustrated that whilst participants were cognisant of the role effective leadership plays in providing quality care and education, there was much confusion about what leadership entailed and how leadership differentiated from management in this context. The contextual complexities of the ECE sector were a significant influence on each participant’s opportunity to learn about, and practise leadership. Findings also revealed a need for contextually relevant and progressive approaches to leadership learning to support early childhood leaders and teachers in their leadership work.
Dispositions of a responsible early childhood education leader: Voices from the field
Authors: Davitt Gwen , Ryder Debbie
Published: July 2019

In our organisation’s research project, “Leaders Growing Leaders” (Ryder, Davitt, Higginson, Smorti, Smith & Carroll-Lind, 2017), which investigated effective ECE leadership in Aotearoa/New Zealand, leadership dispositions were identified as one means of making sense of the complexities of leadership within early childhood education. The New Zealand early childhood curriculum Te Whāriki: He Whāriki Mātauranga mō ngā Mokopuna o Aotearoa. Early Childhood Curriculum (Ministry of Education, 2017) highlights the importance of kaiako (teacher) responsibilities. Similarly, this article argues that the six specific leadership dispositions of an early childhood education leader, identified in our research, can act as a framework to explore leadership responsibilities. Participant voices are drawn on to exemplify and articulate the specific leadership dispositions of being: a communicator; relationship focused; caring and supportive; and a leader of growth and change, whilst also acting as a critical friend. We argue that responsible leadership must be purposefully grown, developed and sustained across the culture of the ECE setting. Underpinning this understanding is the need for dedicated leadership professional development that supports emerging and current leaders, and their teams, to engage in robust collegial dialogue and reflective practice in terms of what it means to be a responsible leader.
Indigenous knowledge and early childhood care and education in Ethiopia
Authors: Negussie Hawani , Slater Charles L.
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this research study was to explore the integration of indigenous knowledge and cultural practices in Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) programmes in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Vygotsky’s (1986) sociocultural theory in combination with Yosso’s (2005) community cultural wealth theory served as the conceptual as well as the methodological framework advising the components of this research. This qualitative case study invited perspectives from local parents, teachers, directors, a university faculty member, and administrative personnel from the Ministry of Education in Ethiopia. Major findings uncovered that language, the Ethiopian alphabet (fidel), traditions and cultural practices passed down from generation to generation, were seen as part of Ethiopia’s larger indigenous knowledge system. The value of using indigenous knowledge, including the extent of integration of cultural practices as measured through use of native language, curriculum and educational philosophy, revealed distinct language preferences (Amharic or English) based on school, personal wants and population demographics.
Culturally sustaining instructional leadership: Perspectives from Native American public school principals in Montana and Wyoming
Authors: Holmes William T. , Young Suzanne
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this quantitative study was to gain a deeper understanding of principal beliefs of an emergent framework called Culturally Sustaining Instructional Leadership (CSIL) developed from a review of literature designed to support the implementation of Culturally Sustaining Pedagogy (CSP). Through a detailed review of literature, six instructional elements and five cultural elements were developed to guide principals in the removal of barriers and in support of teacher implementation of CSP. Principals of public schools located on Native American reservations in Montana and Wyoming (USA) were surveyed regarding their beliefs about CSIL practices and if their beliefs differed between instructional elements and cultural elements. Through a reporting of means and paired samples t-testing, the results of this study indicated principals demonstrated a significant preference for working in instructional versus cultural elements. The lowest CSIL element was student empowerment signifying that the voices of Native American students were not being heard. The principals of this study did not have a clear definition of the Democratic Project of Schooling congruent with Paris (2012). The implications of this study are the need for training and awareness in CSP and CSIL to preservice administrators in training and in-service administrators in the field.
Leading schooling in Aotearoa New Zealand: Understanding and supporting the weight of culture for Māori teachers
Authors: Torepe Toni , Macfarlane Angus Hikairo , Macfarlane Sonja , Fletcher Jo , Manning Richard
Published: July 2019

Leading schools in Aotearoa New Zealand is a critical role. In a bicultural country, a key aspect of this role is developing a school ethos where culturally responsive practices are strongly embedded. Frequently, this is considered in light of the tamariki and rangatahi and their whānau within the wider school community. However, an area where there is a dearth of research is the experiences of Māori teachers working in mainstream schooling. This article focuses on the lived realities of six Māori teachers who completed a graduate qualification in immersion and bilingual teaching in Māori, and returned to their respective schools. The research consisted of the collection and analysis of a detailed written questionnaire and semi-structured interviews with the Māori teachers. The research found that the additional professional and cultural tasks and responsibilities that this group of Māori teachers undertook often went unrecognised financially or otherwise by their employers and fellow colleagues. These Māori teachers felt they were “culturally obliged” to tautoko the students they serve and to support their schools’ respective Māori communities.
Selection of migrants and realization of migration intentions: lessons from a panel study
Authors: Gödri Irén , Feleky Gábor Attila
Published: July 2019

We examined the selection of emigrants and the relationship between migration intention and actual migration, using the two-wave panel survey  Turning Points of Life Course – Transylvania, which was carried out in 2006 and 2009 among the Hungarian-speaking population of Transylvania aged 20–45. This type of follow-up survey, dealing with migration intentions and subsequent behavior, is rare in the field of migration research. On the basis of prior intentions and actual migration, four groups could be discerned: stayers, who had no migration plans and did not move; expected migrants, who previously reported their intention of moving and who carried it out; dreamers, who planned migration but did not realize it; and unexpected migrants, who initially had no migration plans, but nevertheless moved. Our results indicate a negative selection of migrants in the dimensions related to living conditions and work, and a positive selection regarding subjective state of health and anomie. Those who expressed an intention to migrate during the first wave were almost three and a half times more likely to move than were those who had no such plans. Using Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior, migration-related expectations were measured by the assessment of advantages and disadvantages associated with migration, while subjective norms were gauged by the perceived pressure from significant others (friends, parents, relatives) to migrate. Our findings confirm that migration-related attitudes and subjective norms influence migration behavior only indirectly, via migration intention.
A Magyarországról Ausztriába irányuló idősgondozói migráció - Egy kvalitatív kutatás eredményei a dél-baranyai térségből induló idősgondozói migráció mechanizmusáról
Authors: Dóra Gábriel
Published: July 2019

Az időskorúak népességen belüli arányának növekedése új kihívásokat állít a társadalmak elé. Az érintett országok intézményrendszere nem képes minden esetben olyan formában biztosítani az idősek és rászorulók gondozását, amely mind az érintetteknek, mind a közvetlen hozzátartozóik számára kedvező lenne. A megnövekedett szükségletre adott válaszok egyike a külföldi munkaerő bevonása a gondozási szektorba. Vizsgálatunk középpontjában az Ausztriát megcélzó, Dél-Baranyából induló házi idősgondozók munkavállalása áll. A kibocsátó térségben a rendszerváltást követően a foglalkoztatottság erőteljes csökkenése több tízezer ember életére gyakorolt közvetlen hatást Pécsen és környékén. Kutatásunkban arra vállalkozunk, hogy megvizsgáljuk az összefüggést az idősgondozók egykori pályája és a napjainkban megvalósuló külföldi munkavállalása között, emellett bemutatjuk az idősgondozói iparág intézményrendszerét. Az empirikus kutatás terepmunkán és kombinált interjútechnikán alapul, a jelen elemzés összesen 28 interjút foglal magában. A Kutatási jelentésben tárgyalt fő témakörök a következők: 1) migrációs motivációk és a migrációról szóló döntéshozatali mechanizmus, 2) migrációs narratívák, 3) a migráció következtében megváltozó családi viszonyok, 4) a Magyarországról induló idősgondozói intézményrendszert működtető szereplők és struktúrák, a gondozói munka jellemzői. Megállapítottuk, hogy előnyösebb helyzetbe kerülnek Ausztriában azok az idősgondozók, akik már otthon is a gondozás területén dolgoztak, és azok, akik erős etnikai településhálózattal rendelkeznek. A kérdezettek leggyakrabban az ellehetetlenülés narratívájában mesélték el migrációs történetüket, amely narratívatípus egyik lényegi eleme, hogy a migrációról szóló döntés családi stratégiaként születik meg.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Eğitsel Yazılım Arayüz Renk Tasarımı Seçimlerinde Kişiliğin Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Demir Ümit , Altun Eralp
Published: July 2019

Bu
araştırmada, üniversite öğrencilerinin eğitsel yazılım arayüz renk tercihlerinin
ve bu tercihlerin öğrencilerin kişilik özelliklerine göre farklılaşma durumu
incelenmiştir. Betimsel araştırma yönteminin kullanıldığı araştırmada 3 farklı
üniversitenin eğitim fakültelerinde öğrenimlerini sürdürmekte olan 545 öğrenci
ile araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olan araştırmacı
tarafından geliştirilen arayüz tasarım seçim yazılımı ve “Sıfatlara Dayalı
Kişilik Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Katılımcılar açık mavi, açık pembe ve pembe,
beyaz gibi açık ve pastel renk tonlarını arka plan rengi olarak daha çok tercih
etmişlerdir.  Katılımcılar yazı rengi
olarak, siyah, mavi ve lacivert gibi soğuk renkler ve nötr renk değeri olan
beyazı çok daha fazla tercih etmişlerdir. Katılımcıların kişilik özelliklerine
göre eğitsel yazılım arayüz renk seçimlerinin farklılaşma durumunun
sorgulanması sonucunda, dışa dönük/içe dönük (x2(12)=32.33,
p<0.05) ve duygusal denge/dengesizlik (x2(12)=33.19,
p<0.05) kişilik boyutlarında yazılım arayüz arka plan rengi seçimlerinin
farklılaştığı bulunmuştur. Diğer kişilik boyutlarına göre arayüz tasarımı renk
seçimlerinin anlamlı bir farklılık göstermediği bulunmuştur.
Tasarım Nesnesi Olarak Çağdaş Mimarlık Monografileri
Authors: Balık Lökçe Deniz
Published: July 2019

Monografi,
mimarları ve ürünlerini dünya çapında tanıtan önemli reklam ve gösteri
araçlarından biri olmakla birlikte, bilgi ve söylem üreten toplumsal ve
kültürel katalizör görevini de üstlenir. Ancak, mimarlık alanındaki basılı
yayınlar, kuramsal açıdan tartışılan ve sorunsallaştırılan bir konu olmaktan
uzaktır. Bu makalenin izleği, monografi türünün grafik, içeriksel ve biçimsel
boyutlarıdır. Literatür aracılığıyla, kuramsal analiz ve yoruma dayalı nitel
araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak Hollandalı çağdaş mimarlık ofisi MVRDV’nin ilk
ve son monografilerinin eleştirisi yapılmaktadır. MVRDV’nin örnek olarak
seçilmesinin nedeni, monografilerinin, yirminci yüzyıldan beri süregelen mimarı
tanıtma, reklamını yapma ve çalışmalarının arşivini oluşturma yaklaşımından,
biçim, içerik, mecra ve tür açısından kopmasıdır. Farmax: Excursions on Density (1998) ve MVRDV Buildings (2013
ve 2015) adlı bu monografiler, hem tasarım nesnesi hem de söylem mecrasıdır. Heterojen,
çoğulcu ve katılımcı yöntemleriyle, mimari ürünlerin kronolojik bir kaydı
değil, analiz, veri ve yaşantının uzantısıdırlar. Makale, bu monografileri,
mimarlığın metinsel ve görsel mekanını sürekli yıkıp yeniden kurma
potansiyelleri üzerinden inceler.
Osmanlı Yazma Eserlerı̇nde Murassa (Mücevherlı̇) Kı̇tap Kapları
Authors: Tanrıver Celasin Ayşe
Published: July 2019

Sayfalar halinde hazırlanan yazma eserleri
bir araya toplayıp muhafaza eden kılıflara kitap kabı ya da kitap cildi denir.
Sayfaların yıpranmasını önleyen kitap kabı, “alt kapak”, “üst kapak”, bu iki
kapağı birbirine bağlayan “sırt”, alt kapağa bağlı olan, kitabın ağız
kısmını örten ve ayıraç görevi yapan “mıkleb”, mıklebi alt kapağa bağlayan ve
rahatça hareket etmesini sağlayan “sertab” kısımlarından oluşmaktadır. XVI.
yüzyılda Osmanlı devletinin ekonomik durumunun gelişmesi ve sanata yapılan yatırımların
artması ile mücellitler kitap kaplarında mücevher ve kıymetli taşlar
kullanmaya başlamışlardır. Kitap kaplarında mücevher kullanımının erken dönem
örnekleri, IX. ve X. yüzyıllarda Roma medeniyetinde karşımıza çıkmaktadır.
Roma dönemi murassa kitap kaplarında insan figürlü tasvirler bulunurken Osmanlı
döneminde hazırlananlarda ise bitkisel kaynaklı motifler tercih edilmiştir.

Mücevherli kitap kapları, mücellit ve
kuyumcuların ortak çalışmasının ürünüdür ve genellikle Kur’an-ı Kerim
kaplarında karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu uygulamalarda inci, zümrüt, yakut, firuze
gibi taşlar kullanılmıştır. Devletin ekonomik durumunun bozulmaya başlaması
ile doğru orantılı olarak XVII. yüzyıldan sonra murassa kitap kaplarının artık
tercih edilmediği görülmüştür.