bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
False detection of dangerous and neutral substances in commonly used materials by means of the standard THz Time Domain Spectroscopy
Authors: Trofimov V. A. , Varentsova S. A.
Published: April 2016

Essential limitations of the standard THz Time Domain Spectroscopy (TDS), which lead to false detection of dangerous and neutral substances in commonly used materials, are demonstrated using the physical experiment with chocolate under real conditions as well as with semiconductors under laboratory conditions. To overcome this disadvantage, we propose using the time-dependent spectrum of the THz pulse, transmitted through or reflected from a substance. For quality assessment of the standard substance absorption frequency presence in the signal under analysis, we use time-dependent integral correlation criteria. The influence of aperture placed in front of the sample on spectral properties of silicon wafers with different resistivity is demonstrated as well.
Blockwise Frequency Domain Active Noise Controller Over Distributed Networks
Authors: Antoñanzas Christian , Ferrer Miguel , De Diego Maria , Gonzalez Alberto
Published: April 2016

This work presents a practical active noise control system composed of distributed and collaborative acoustic nodes. To this end, experimental tests have been carried out in a listening room with acoustic nodes equipped with loudspeakers and microphones. The communication among the nodes is simulated by software. We have considered a distributed algorithm based on the Filtered-x Least Mean Square (FxLMS) method that introduces collaboration between nodes following an incremental strategy. For improving the processing efficiency in practical scenarios where data acquisition systems work by blocks of samples, the frequency-domain partitioned block technique has been used. Implementation aspects such as computational complexity, processing time of the network and convergence of the algorithm have been analyzed. Experimental results show that, without constraints in the network communications, the proposed distributed algorithm achieves the same performance as the centralized version. The performance of the proposed algorithm over a network with a given communication delay is also included.
Selective Aerobic Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol Driven by Visible Light on Gold Nanoparticles Supported on Hydrotalcite Modified by Nickel Ion
Authors: Guo Dapeng , Wang Yan , Zhao Peng , Bai Meifen , Xin Hui , Guo Zhi , Li Jingyi
Published: April 2016

A series of hydrotalcite (HT) and hydrotalcite modified by the transition metal ion Ni(II) was prepared with a modified coprecipitation method before being loaded with gold nanoparticles. The gold supported on Ni3Al hydrotalcite with a Ni2+/Al3+ molar ratio of 3:1 was investigated. Different techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-vis diffuse reflection spectrum (UV-vis DRS) were applied to characterize the catalysts. A single-phase catalyst with high crystallinity, a layered structure and good composition was successfully fabricated. Good conversions and superior selectivities in the oxidation of benzyl alcohol and its derivatives were obtained with visible light due to the effect of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of gold nanoparticles and the synergy of the transition metal ion Ni(II). This reaction was proven to be photocatalytic by varying the intensity and wavelength of the visible light. The catalyst can be recycled three times. A corresponding photocatalytic mechanism of the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol was proposed.
Induction Motor Parameter Identification Using a Gravitational Search Algorithm
Authors: Avalos Omar , Cuevas Erik , Gálvez Jorge
Published: April 2016

The efficient use of electrical energy is a topic that has attracted attention for its environmental consequences. On the other hand, induction motors represent the main component in most industries. They consume the highest energy percentages in industrial facilities. This energy consumption depends on the operation conditions of the induction motor imposed by its internal parameters. Since the internal parameters of an induction motor are not directly measurable, an identification process must be conducted to obtain them. In the identification process, the parameter estimation is transformed into a multidimensional optimization problem where the internal parameters of the induction motor are considered as decision variables. Under this approach, the complexity of the optimization problem tends to produce multimodal error surfaces for which their cost functions are significantly difficult to minimize. Several algorithms based on evolutionary computation principles have been successfully applied to identify the optimal parameters of induction motors. However, most of them maintain an important limitation: They frequently obtain sub-optimal solutions as a result of an improper equilibrium between exploitation and exploration in their search strategies. This paper presents an algorithm for the optimal parameter identification of induction motors. To determine the parameters, the proposed method uses a recent evolutionary method called the gravitational search algorithm (GSA). Different from most of the existent evolutionary algorithms, the GSA presents a better performance in multimodal problems, avoiding critical flaws such as the premature convergence to sub-optimal solutions. Numerical simulations have been conducted on several models to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Evaluation of Multiresolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) from Real-Time Kinematic GPS and Ancillary Data for Reservoir Storage Capacity Estimation
Authors: Ouma Yashon
Published: April 2016

This study presents the estimation of reservoir storage capacity using multiresolution Real-Time Kinematic Global Positioning System (RTK-GPS) DEM, in comparison with ASTER and contour-derived DEM. Through RMSE comparisons of the elevation point uncertainty and error analysis, the results shows that the RTK-GPS DEM gave the best results for the reservoir capacity-area power curve estimation, defined by a convex slope with an exponential deterministic relationship given by V = 0.09 × A 1.435 . The results further show the existence an empirical relationship between the reservoir volume certainty and the GPS point density d i as V e = c × d i ρ . This relationship is dependent on the reservoir terrain, slope and surface area. Validation of the results with in situ data showed the differences between the simulated and observed storage volumes was less than +10%, and using the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency on the storage volumes, an average efficiency of +0.7 on the monthly observed and simulated reservoir storage volume was observed.
The Study of Mechanical and Tribological Performance of Fulleroid Materials Filled PA 6 Composites
Authors: Pikhurov Dmitry , Zuev Vjacheslav
Published: April 2016

The effect of fulleroid materials (fullerene С60 and fullerene soot which is used for fullerene production) and carbon fibers on the mechanical and tribological properties of polymer nanocomposites based on polyamide 6 (PA6) was investigated. Composites were synthesized by in situ polymerization and direct mixing in an extruder. It was found that addition of these fillers during in situ polymerization was more effective at improving the mechanical and tribological properties of the composites. The use of the nanoparticles was an effective way to decrease the friction coefficient of the polymer composites because the fillers were the same size as the segments of the surrounding polymer chains. The steady state coefficients of friction with the addition of fulleroid fillers were lower than that of unfilled PA6. The lowest coefficient of friction was observed for PA6 filled with 1 wt. % fullerene soot.
Modes of Occurrence and Abundance of Trace Elements in Pennsylvanian Coals from the Pingshuo Mine, Ningwu Coalfield, Shanxi Province, China
Authors: Yang Ning , Tang Shuheng , Zhang Songhang , Chen Yunyun
Published: April 2016

The Pingshuo Mine is an important coal mine of the Ningwu coalfield in northern Shanxi Province, China. To investigate the mineralogy and geochemistry of Pingshuo coals, core samples from the mineable No. 4 coals were collected. The minerals, major element oxides, and trace elements were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), LTA-XRD in combination with Siroquant software, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and ICP-CCT-MS (As and Se). The minerals in the Pennsylvanian coals from the Pingshuo Mine dominantly consist of kaolinite and boehmite, with minor amounts of siderite, anatase, goyazite, calcite, apatite and florencite. Major-element oxides including SiO2 (9.54 wt %), Al2O3 (9.68 wt %), and TiO2 (0.63 wt %), as well as trace elements including Hg (449.63 ng/g), Zr (285.95 μg/g), Cu (36.72 μg/g), Ga (18.47 μg/g), Se (5.99 μg/g), Cd (0.43 μg/g), Hf (7.14 μg/g), and Pb (40.63 μg/g) are enriched in the coal. Lithium and Hg present strong positive correlations with ash yield and SiO2, indicating an inorganic affinity. Elements Sr, Ba, Be, As and Ga have strong positive correlations with CaO and P2O5, indicating that most of these elements may be either associated with phosphates and carbonates or have an inorganic–organic affinity. Some of the Zr and Hf may occur in anatase due to their strong positive correlations with TiO2.
Changes in the Subpopulations of Porcine Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Induced by Exposure to Low Doses of Zearalenone (ZEN) and Deoxynivalenol (DON)
Authors: Dąbrowski Michał , Obremski Kazimierz , Gajęcka Magdalena , Gajęcki Maciej , Zielonka Łukasz
Published: April 2016

Zearalenone and deoxynivalenol are secondary metabolites of fungi of the genus Fusarium. The presence of mycotoxins in cereals and the resulting contamination of feeds and foods pose health risks for animals and humans. The dangers associated with high doses of mycotoxins have been extensively researched but very little is known about NOAEL (No Observed Adverse Effect Level) doses or exposure to a combination of mycotoxins (mixed mycotoxicoses). The aim of this study was to determine the effects of six-week exposure to NOAEL doses of individual and combined mycotoxins on the subpopulations of CD4+8−, CD4−8+ and CD4+8+ lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of pigs. The experiment was performed on 72 gilts with average body weight of 25 kg, divided into three experimental groups (E1, E2 and E3, administered zearalenone (ZEN), deoxynivalenol (DON) and ZEN + DON, respectively, on a daily basis) and a control group (C) receiving placebo. Changes in lymphocyte subpopulations were evaluated by flow cytometry at weekly intervals (experimental days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42). A linear increase in the percentage of CD4+8+ lymphocytes was highly correlated with time (r = 0.682) in group C. The correlations and linear increase in the above subpopulation were disrupted in the remaining groups. In group E3, a statistically significant (p < 0.05) decrease in CD4+8+ counts was observed in week 5, which could point to a transient depletion of regulatory mechanisms of immune responses. The noted results also suggest that in mixed mycotoxicosis, ZEN and DON exerted stronger immunomodulatory effects.
Patents as corporate tools : Babcock & Wilcox’s business and innovation strategies in Spain
Authors: Sáiz Patricio
Published: April 2016

Babcock et Wilcox, société américaine spécialisée dans la construction de chaudières industrielles, considérée comme l’une des premières grandes multinationales modernes, s’est implantée en Espagne dès 1918. Cet article retrace l’histoire de cette longue présence au prisme des brevets : en s’appuyant sur de nombreux documents, il analyse en profondeur les stratégies en matière de propriété industrielle poursuivies tout au long du XX e siècle par la compagnie.
Chapitre 1. Le tournant pragmatique de l’éthique en santé : enjeux et perspectives pour la formation
Authors: Aiguier Grégory , Cobbaut Jean-Philippe
Published: April 2016

La complexification des pratiques en santé fait naître un nouveau besoin d’éthique. Celle-ci n’est en effet plus mobilisée pour produire un discours moral sur les pratiques, mais comme une ressource d’action, une compétence, visant le développement, par les acteurs, d’un agir autonome, responsable et critique. Cette approche pragmatique de l’éthique requiert une évolution des pratiques pédagogiques, appelées à se développer dans une perspective plus expérientielle, réflexive et situationnelle. Cependant, une relecture épistémologique de la notion de compétence nous amènera à en questionner le recours en éthique. En se centrant sur la capacité des acteurs à remobiliser des ressources de l’action référentialisées, elle ne garantit pas la capacité effective des acteurs d’initier un nouvel agir en situation en fonction de la singularité du contexte. Ce texte proposera ainsi de dépasser l’approche de l’éthique par les compétences pour la revisiter au prisme de la capacitation. Il ne s’agit plus dans ce cadre d’apprendre à remobiliser des ressources prédéterminées de l’action, mais de se centrer sur l’opération d’apprentissage permettant d’apprendre à construire des compétences en action et en situation. Dans ce cadre de la capacitation, la visée pédagogique de l’éthique n’est plus de « savoir-agir », mais de développer un « pouvoir d’agir ».
Chapitre 10. Proposition d’une méthodologie par grille d’observation pour décrypter les capacités : illustration dans un pôle d’Activités et de Soins Adaptés
Authors: Obœuf Alexandre , d’Arripe Agnès , Fantoni Corinne , Collard Luc
Published: April 2016

L’approche par les capacités (Sen, 2000) semble être un hébergement théorique pertinent afin d’interroger les conditions de vie des personnes en situation de handicap et/ou de perte d’autonomie. Néanmoins, cette prometteuse approche des problématiques sociales reste ombragée par des écueils d’ordre méthodologique. Ainsi, bien que son fondateur insiste sur la nécessité de comprendre la signification que les acteurs donnent à leur vie et à leurs choix dans l’environnement qui est le leur, il reste clairement ancré dans une démarche positiviste, objectiviste, quantitative. Cet article se donne pour objectif de présenter une méthodologie par grille d’observation permettant de dépasser cet écueil. Son déploiement permet d’appréhender le rapport de la personne à autrui, l’espace, le temps et les objets dans une situation sociale donnée. À titre d’illustration, nous construisons une telle grille pour une situation de repas dans un Pôle d’Activités et de Soins Adaptés (PASA) accueillant des personnes présentant une maladie d’Alzheimer ou une maladie apparentée.
De la société salariale à la société entrepreneuriale ou la création d’entreprises au secours de l’emploi
Authors: Boutillier Sophie , Uzunidis Dimitri
Published: April 2016

Pour faire face à l’augmentation du chômage, les gouvernements des pays industrialisés et en développement ont élaboré des politiques publiques pour favoriser la création d’entreprises. A la société salariale qui reposait sur la stabilité de l’emploi de masse, s’est substituée une société entrepreneuriale plus flexible et inégalitaire.
Les stratégies d’ajustement de téléopérateurs de centres d’appels face au stress généré par le monitoring électronique des performances
Authors: Ben Fekih Aissi Linda , Naudin Mathias
Published: April 2016

Le monitoring électronique des performances (MEP) se situe à l’épicentre des pratiques managériales mises en place dans les centres d’appels. Si l’objectif officiel est bien d’améliorer les « performances », la mise en pratique concrète d’un tel système conduit à une démarche de contrôle comportemental et génère du « stress » pour les téléopérateurs. Notre recherche s’est concentrée sur les stratégies d’ajustement mises en place par les salariés monitorés pour faire face à ce stress, tout en interrogeant les conséquences humaines de telles pratiques, mettant notamment à jour des dynamiques contradictoires et paradoxales. Une étude qualitative a été menée dans un centre d’appels (appels entrants et sortants) via des entretiens semi-directifs auprès de 12 téléopérateurs. À travers une démarche compréhensive interprétativiste, notre travail vise à proposer une typologie des stratégies d’ajustement déployées par les téléopérateurs, en s’appuyant sur la théorie du même nom (coping en anglais). Quatre grands types de comportement ont été décelés : les « joueurs », qui s’inscrivent dans le jeu social du monitoring afin de la détourner à des fins personnelles (premier type) ou qui cherchent à respecter les règles de leur mieux en espérant en tirer des bénéfices en termes de carrière (deuxième type) ; les « passagers » qui ne sont là que pour des motivations alimentaires et qui n’ont aucune envie de faire carrière dans un centre d’appels (souvent des étudiants) ; et les « autonomes-éthiques », qui ne s’inscrivent pas dans le jeu social mais dans une démarche de justesse de vie.
L’usage des TIC comme moyen de contrôle dans les réseaux de franchise
Authors: Chakroun Héla , Nekhili Mehdi , Chtioui Tawhid
Published: April 2016

Notre article étudie la présence des TIC comme un dispositif de contrôle dans les réseaux de franchise. Les résultats d’une enquête, réalisée auprès de 90 franchisés français appartenant à une quarantaine de réseaux, stipulent que le déploiement des TIC pour des fins de contrôle des franchisés est révélateur d’un affermissement potentiel aussi bien au niveau de l’autonomie accordée aux franchisés que de la qualité relationnelle de la dyade franchiseur/ franchisé. Le recours à ce contrôle technologique dépend cependant de certains facteurs contingents à la position du franchisé au sein du réseau, tels que le nombre d’unités possédées, son ancienneté dans le réseau et la distance géographique le séparant de son franchiseur.
Droit et gestion : La pluridisciplinarité à l’épreuve de l’évaluation des enseignants-chercheurs
Authors: Bayo Emmanuel
Published: April 2016

Pourquoi et comment favoriser l’interdisciplinarité dans les domaines du droit et de la gestion ? Il semble en particulier nécessaire que soit réformé le système actuel d’évaluation des publications des enseignants-chercheurs et que leurs milieux professionnels favorisent davantage leurs publications interdisciplinaires.
Changing organizational models of IT departments as a result of cloud computing: proposal for a typology
Authors: Tran Sébastien , Bertin Emmanuel
Published: April 2016

Les modes usuels de conception et de consommation du SI sont aujourd’hui challengés par les nouvelles possibilités qu’ont les directions métier ou même les utilisateurs de souscrire directement des services IT en ligne grâce au Cloud Computing. Ces évolutions dans les usages et les pratiques questionnent fortement les rôles et le positionnement de la DSI. L’objectif de cet article est de proposer une typologie des relations entre le SI et les entités parties-prenantes dans sa conception. Quatre modèles sont ainsi proposés et discutés : IS as a product, IS as a service, IS as an access et IS as a platform, chaque modèle induisant des modalités relationnelles spécifiques.
Data Acquisition Glove for Hand Movement Impairment Rehabilitation
Authors: Tavares Rafael , Abreu Paulo , Quintas Manuel Rodrigues
Published: April 2016

The present paper describes a data acquisition wearable device for hand rehabilitation. The main goal of this glove is to be used by patients with hand movement impairment. It has position sensors to measure the bending of synovial joints and sensors to measure the fingertip contact pressure. There is a coin motor and a LED placed on each finger to produce a vibratory and visual stimulus. The glove also tracks the hand rotation and translation using a MPU (Motion Processing Unit) that contains an accelerometer and a gyroscope. A graphical application for an HMI module was developed in order to create rehabilitation game like exercises where sensor data can be logged for further analysis by a therapist. The wearable device electronic hardware comprises a Glove module and an HMI module that communicate through SPI protocol (Serial Peripheral Interface). The wearable device supports USB connection to send data to a computer or to be used as a peripheral device in virtual or augmented reality applications.
Punching Resistance Verification of Footings
Authors: Fillo Ľudovít , Augustín Tomáš , Knapcová Veronika , Vaskova Jana
Published: April 2016

The presented paper will bring new aspects of punching resistance verification of concrete column footings and foundation slabs coming from influence of ground stresses distribution on punching verification of flat footings and from new design criteria which depend on the maximum punching resistance defined from crushing of concrete struts (a criterion for limitation of maximum shear forces at the vicinity of the columns) and on the maximum punching resistance defined from shear-bending failure with shear reinforcement, limited by coefficient kmax.
Study of Flat Slabs Strengthening against Punching Shear
Authors: Nováček Jan , Zich Miloš
Published: April 2016

The paper focuses on punching shear strengthening of flat slabs. In the study, different, in practice commonly used systems of strengthening are introduced, systems used less frequently are also mentioned. Chosen methods of strengthening are modeled using FEM software considering material nonlinearity and crack development in structures. 3D models with brick finite elements and discrete modeling of reinforcement are used. The way of modeling of the structure itself is verified against known results of tests of concrete slabs under punching shear. Comparison of individual systems of strengthening is performed from the viewpoint of absolute value of punching shear resistance and it is supplemented by calculation of punching shear resistance according to design code EC 1992. Simultaneously, results are compared to the approach of Critical Shear Crack Theory that places great emphasis on deformation capacity of the slab itself, which can be easily determined from FEM models which allow for material nonlinearity.
Experimental Evaluation of Properties of 120 Years Old Concretes at Two Concrete Bridges in Slovakia
Authors: Paulík Peter , Bačuvčík Michal , Ševčík Patrik , Janotka Ivan , Gajdošová Katarína
Published: April 2016

Currently there are two bridges older than 120 years under reconstruction in Slovakia. One of them is the Old Bridge in Bratislava, which has been built in 1891 and has a steel superstructure supported by concrete piers. The other one is the Monier Arch Bridge in Krásno nad Kysucou, which has been built in 1892. Since only limited information about the properties of such an old concrete is available, it was almost impossible for the designer to verify the load bearing capacity of these bridges and to design their reconstruction efficiently. To verify the properties of these concretes drill cores were made on both bridges, some of them being more than 20 meters long [17]. After that the measured concrete properties were used to confirm or modify the reconstruction method proposed in the preliminary design. Our paper deals with some mechanical properties measured on these more than 120 years old concretes.
Experimental Tests of I Profile Made from UHPC Reinforced with Textile Glass Fibres
Authors: Bittner Tomáš , Bouška Petr , Nenadálová Šárka , Rydval Milan , Citek David
Published: April 2016

This abstract is summarizing production and subsequent experimental testing of 3D profile of the symmetrical I shape concrete from UHPC matrix and reinforced with textile glass fibres. Upper and bottom covering strips of this profile are at the outside fibres reinforced with textile glass reinforcement. Position of this reinforcement is fixed in the distance of about 3 mm from outside fibres and is connected with reinforcement of the profile stem located in its axis. Such prepared beams were tested with four-point flexure evenly loaded until fracture. Course of the measurement was continuously recorded by the automatic logger, where mostly increase of the force in relation to deflection in the middle of the span and change of position of supports were recorded. From the recorded data were prepared graphic outputs compared with the same experiments performed on I profile which is not reinforced, i.e. only UHPC matrix, and for comparison also on the profile made from UHPC matrix with use of metal wires. In the conclusion were compared achieved test results. Mainly suitability and loading capacity of individual beam types was compared. Within the experiment were performed supporting tests based on which were determined material characteristics of tested matrix and textile glass reinforcement. Tests were performed in the Klokner Institute within solution of the grant project GACŘ 13-12676S.
Concrete Cover Effect on Bond Behaviour of UHPC
Authors: Čítek David , Kolisko Jiří , Rehacek Stanislav , Mandlík Tomáš
Published: April 2016

New materials require extensive research. Ultra high performance concrete is relatively modern cementitious material with favourable material properties. In previous research a lot of different mixtures of UHPC and many important properties were developed and tested as a basis for upcoming numerical analysis. Especially bond behaviour between steel and UHPC and comparison to bond behaviour of ordinary concrete were examined. UHPC has significant better material properties, especially bond behaviour, and represent an alternative material for some steel structures which can satisfy in some cases the requirements on construction dimension and economy. The function of the constructions details using small anchorage length was experimentally verified too. For reliable transfer of the forces the reinforcement need to be protected by sufficient concrete cover. This article deals with bond behaviour of embedded steel ribbed reinforcement in UHPC with small concrete cover and summarizes previous research results in field of the bond of UHPC.
UHPC Footbridge over the Opatovický Canal
Authors: Tichý Jan , Čítek David , Kolisko Jiří , Komanec Jan , Slánský Bohuslav , Hubka Miroslav , Rehacek Stanislav
Published: April 2016

Article deals with design of footbridge made from ultra high performance concrete (UHPC). UHPC is relatively new type of cementitious material with high compressive strength and high durability. For reliable design of construction from this material an extensive experimental research and verification of material properties are needed. Skanska and Pontex company with cooperation with Klokner institute developed matrix of UHPC used for footbridge construction. Material properties were verified during whole developing and producing process. Footbridge was casted in precast plant Skanska – Steti in December 2014. It was installed over Opatovický canal in October 2015. Contribution describes design, production and installation of footbridge. Material properties of used UHPC are also included.
Development of Cement Based Composites with PVA Fibers
Authors: Rydval Milan , Kolisko Jiří , Nenadálová Šárka
Published: April 2016

This paper is focused on a mechanical properties of fine-grained cement based composite materials reinforced by short PVA fibers. Cementitious materials are characterized by their fragile matrix. Reinforcing by fibers (e.g. steel fibers, PVA fibers, PP fibers, glass fibers) increase the tensile strength. The behavior of the elements after developing and spreading of micro cracks under load should be described as a strain-softening, strain-hardening, etc. The multiple cracking under load is typical deformations of composite materials reinforced by short PVA fibers, that is worldwide known as a ECC.
Exercise-Triggered Chest Pain as an Isolated Symptom of Myocarditis in Children
Authors: Tshimanga Prisca , Daron Benoît , Farhat Nesrine , Desprechins Brigitte , Gewillig Marc , Seghaye Marie-Christine
Published: April 2016

In childhood, chest pain occurring at exercise is a common complaint. A cardiac etiology for it is exceptionally found, explaining that most children do not undergo systematic cardiological investigation. However, chest pain at exercise may manifest as the unique symptom of a viral myocarditis. Recognizing this form of myocardial injury, however, might help to avoid clinical deterioration by providing adequate care. In this paper, we report on two children presenting with the unique clinical symptom of chest pain related to physical activity and in whom laboratory and cardiac investigations suggested transient myocardial damage related to myocarditis.
Mantener lo restaurado
Authors: González Moreno-Navarro Antoni
Published: April 2016

Sin resumen
Propuesta de intervención en el Cuarto Real de Santo Domingo (Granada)
Authors: Almagro Antonio , Orihuela Antonio
Published: April 2016

El Cuarto Real de Santo Domingo en Granada es, -en palabras de los autores de este artículo-, el edificio clave para el análisis de la arquitectura y la decoración en la transición del arte postalmohade al nazarí. Es de destacar el rigor en la investigación, la minuciosidad de los levantamientos gráficos mediante técnicas taquimétricas y fotogramétricas, así como la apuesta comprometida contenida en la propuesta de liberación y de repristinación que incluye la alberca y el jardín.
Restauración de la biblioteca de Viipuri
Authors: Kravchenko Serguéi
Published: April 2016

La restauración de la biblioteca de Alvar Aalto en Viipuri, hoy en territorio ruso, se hará realidad gracias a un convenio de colaboración entre la Academia Rusa de Restauración de San Peterburgo y la Fundación Alvar Aalto. En este artículo, Serguéi Kravchenko, jefe del proyecto de restauración por la parte rusa entre 1988 y 1997, resume su estudio previo, reflexiones y propuestas de intervención en el edificio. Esta investigación rigurosa constituye el legado que ha dejado tras nueve años de dedicación exclusiva y devota a la biblioteca. Sin embargo, ha sido recientemente destituido de su puesto por extrañas y oscuras razones ajenas a la calidad de su trabajo. ¿Se ignorará toda su labor realizada hasta la fecha? Esperamos que la biblioteca no sea víctima de nuevo de avatares ajenos a la disciplina arquitectónica. Estas cuestiones cobran mayor actualidad en el año 1998, con motivo del centenario del nacimiento de Alvar Aalto.
Restauración de la iglesia de la Sangre en Llíria (Valencia)
Authors: Primo García Robert
Published: April 2016

La iglesia de la Sangre de Llíria pertenece al tipo de edificación medieval conocido como “iglesias de reconquista”, cuyo mayor interés radica en el espacio de nave única, en su tipología constructiva y en las pinturas de la cubierta de madera, cuando se conservan, como en este caso. Resulta especialmente interesante, en el proceso de intervención que se expone, la metodología de restauración del artesonado y sus pinturas.
La tecnología láser aplicada a la conservación y restauración
Authors: Sáiz Begoña
Published: April 2016

A lo largo de este artículo se describe el recorrido desde los primeros momentos de la investigación con láser en el campo de la conservación y la restauración hasta nuestros días, para conocer su alcance, limitaciones y técnica, y se revisan los distintos resultados obtenidos no sólo sobre materiales pétreos, sino también sobre obras de arte de distintas características.
La reconstrucción del pabellón de arte contemporáneo (Milán) de Ignazio Gardella
Authors: Gardella Jacopo
Published: April 2016

El problema de la restauración, repristinación, reutilización o -como es el caso de nuestro edificio- de la entera refacción (problema que durante años incumbía solamente a las arquitecturas del pasado), ha terminado afectando de un tiempo a esta parte a las arquitecturas del presente, a los edificios del movimiento moderno, construidos antes o después de la segunda guerra mundial. Y se trata de una cuestión que, como se puede adivinar fácilmente, levanta opiniones discordantes y opuestas, porque la aceptación del valor monumental de edificios recientes ni resulta unánime, ni ausente de dudas.
Measuring the morphology and density of internally mixed black carbon with SP2 and VTDMA: new insight into the absorption enhancement of black carbon in the atmosphere
Authors: Zhang Yuxuan , Zhang Qiang , Cheng Yafang , Su Hang , Kecorius Simonas , Wang Zhibin , Wu Zhijun , Hu Min , Zhu Tong , Wiedensohler Alfred , He Kebin
Published: April 2016

Abstract. The morphology and density of black carbon (BC) cores in internally mixed BC (In-BC) particles affect their mixing state and absorption enhancement. In this work, we developed a new method to measure the morphology and effective density of the BC cores of ambient In-BC particles using a single-particle soot photometer (SP2) and a volatility tandem differential mobility analyzer (VTDMA) during the CAREBeijing-2013 campaign from 8 to 27 July 2013 at Xianghe Observatory. This new measurement system can select size-resolved ambient In-BC particles and measure the mobility diameter and mass of the In-BC cores. The morphology and effective density of the ambient In-BC cores are then calculated. For the In-BC cores in the atmosphere, changes in their dynamic shape factor (χ) and effective density (ρeff) can be characterized as a function of the aging process (Dp∕Dc) measured by SP2 and VTDMA. During an intensive field study, the ambient In-BC cores had an average shape factor χ of  ∼ 1.2 and an average density of  ∼ 1.2 g cm−3, indicating that ambient In-BC cores have a near-spherical shape with an internal void of  ∼ 30 %. From the measured morphology and density, the average shell ∕ core ratio and absorption enhancement (Eab) of ambient BC were estimated to be 2.1–2.7 and 1.6–1.9, respectively, for In-BC particles with sizes of 200–350 nm. When the In-BC cores were assumed to have a void-free BC sphere with a density of 1.8 g cm−3, the shell ∕ core ratio and Eab were overestimated by  ∼ 13 and  ∼ 17 %, respectively. The new approach developed in this work improves the calculations of the mixing state and optical properties of ambient In-BC particles by quantifying the changes in the morphology and density of ambient In-BC cores during aging.
Global riverine N and P transport to ocean increased during the 20th century despite increased retention along the aquatic continuum
Authors: Beusen Arthur H. W. , Bouwman Alexander F. , Van Beek Ludovicus P. H. , Mogollón José M. , Middelburg Jack J.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Various human activities – including agriculture, water consumption, river damming, and aquaculture – have intensified over the last century. This has had a major impact on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycling in global continental waters. In this study, we use a coupled nutrient-input–hydrology–in-stream nutrient retention model to quantitatively track the changes in the global freshwater N and P cycles over the 20th century. Our results suggest that, during this period, the global nutrient delivery to streams increased from 34 to 64 Tg N yr−1 and from 5 to 9 Tg P yr−1. Furthermore, in-stream retention and removal grew from 14 to 27 Tg N yr−1 and 3 to 5 Tg P yr−1. One of the major causes of increased retention is the growing number of reservoirs, which now account for 24 and 22 % of global N and P retention/removal in freshwater systems, respectively. This increase in nutrient retention could not balance the increase in nutrient delivery to rivers with the consequence that river nutrient transport to the ocean increased from 19 to 37 Tg N yr−1 and from 2 to 4 Tg P yr−1. Human activities have also led to a global increase in the molar N : P ratio in freshwater bodies.
The Extension of Cultural Dominance in Iran with the Establishment of New Schools in Ghajar Period
Authors: Piri Mohammad
Published: April 2016

Since the beginning of 19th century, England for political reasons tried to make relations with Iran. Englishmen besides political tricks tried to establish their trace in Iran society by cultural permeation. European religious commissions who proceeded in different parts of the world since 19th century, though apparently had religious motivations, but they actually became grader of colonization. The aim of this text is to determine quality of establishing such schools and their function in extension of England s permeation which is performed with trend study and documentary methods and by using the content of itineraries, memories and other firsthand resources. This study showed: religious schools were a way of cultural permeation of England in Iran in Ghajar period. These schools not only by training Iranian teenagers in western method made them strange with their national culture and in some cases utilized graduates of these schools for their own objectives, but also, sometimes in competition with each other effected on creating social crisis.
Investigation into the Prediction Level of Professional Values of Prospective Teachers within the Context of Critical Thinking, Metacognition and Epistemological Beliefs in Turkey
Authors: Demir Özden , Doganay Ahmet , Kaya Halil Ibrahim
Published: April 2016

The general aim of the present study is to identify to what extent the professional values of prospective teachers are predicted by the variables of critical thinking, metacognition, epistemological beliefs. The study also aims to determine which variables provide a better prediction of the professional values of prospective teachers than the others. The research study was configured in line with the predictive model through the correlational study methodology. The study sample consisted of 557 prospective teachers attending the relevant departments as identified through the non-probabilistic cluster sampling method. The multiple linear regression analysis was employed in the analysis of the collected data through the use of the “Professional Values Scale for Elementary School Teachers” (TPVS), “Metacognition Scale”, “Critical Thinking Scale”, “Epistemological Beliefs Scale”. The research findings indicate that the totality of all variables explain 55% of the variance in the total score in TPVS, 51% of the variance in the score for respecting differences in TPVS, %39 of the variance in the score for personal, societal responsibility in TPVS, 24% of the variance in the score for opposing violence in TPVS to a significant extent. A review into the t-test scores pertaining to the significance of standardized coefficients leads to the observation that all variables except for the sub-scales of hypothesising, problem identification of the scales of assessing cognitive differences, critical thinking are able to predict the total scores for the professional values of teachers at a significant level.
Heading for Success: Three Case Studies of School Transformation through Capital Construction
Authors: Chen Wen-Yan , Pan Hui-Ling Wendy
Published: April 2016

Utilizing capital as a construct to analyze leadership that triggers school transformation is a newly emerged perspective. This study employed the capital theory as the framework to explore how schools undertook the transformative tasks by multi-case study. Three secondary schools in Taiwan were recruited to investigate how leaders constructed the intellectual, social, spiritual, and financial capital and the interplay among the capitals. The findings indicated that despite certain strategies commonly employed by case schools, the ways schools develop capitals as the strategy of school transformation depended on their unique context. One form of capital might be used to facilitate another form of capital. The study applied capital perspective to Asian context has extended its explanatory power and has created the basis for further research in the field of school reform.
The Effect of Teachers’ Spirituality and Ethical Ideology on Their Preference of Reporting Wrongdoings at Schools
Authors: GOKCE Asiye TOKER
Published: April 2016

This paper aimed to examine whistleblowing in point of individual level. Three sets of hypotheses were developed concerning the relationships between (1) religiosity and ethical ideology, (2) ethical ideology and intentions to different modes of whistleblowing, and (3) religiosity and intentions to different modes of whistleblowing. Descriptive statistics, Correlation matrix, and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The sample includes 323 teachers in Turkey. The results confirmed that religiosity was negatively associated with relativism, and positively associated with idealism while they rejected any relation between the ethical ideology and intention to whistleblowing modes. The results confirmed only the positive relationship between religiosity and internal whistleblowing, while rejecting the other hypotheses. Few studies have investigated the relationship between whistleblowing modes and ethical ideology. Therefore, examining religiosity, ethical ideology, and whistleblowing in an education context in Turkey, this paper believed to contribute the literature with regard to Islamic perspective.
The Fascio Effect: Biotin and Sleep
Authors: Hayakawa Kou , Nagamine Takeaki
Published: April 2016

An Italian maxim says “I bambini che dormono tanto crescono bene”, and the English maxim also says that “All children need to sleep in order to grow and develop”. In this review, we would like to demonstrate the truth of this proverb about sleep together with biotin (vitamin H) and lipoic acid (thioctic acid). Recently, we have found that D-biotin regulates the membrane biosynthesis in the cells. Previously, we have found that purified biotin-recycling enzyme biotinidase is also able to hydrolyze enkephalin and neuro-peptides. Thus, biotin state and sleep should be strongly linked to each other. In this report, we have investigated the expression of hormone receptors in some diseases using the new proteomics of protein-direct-microsequencing-deciphering (PDMD) method, and have indicated that having adequate sleep and nutrition is important to for healthy immunological and mental conditions in humans. It is also summarized that human breast milk is superior to bovine milk for human healthy babies to sleep and grow well.
Certain Authorities of Religious Minorities in Iran’s Act and the Effects of Their Decisions
Authors: Khorsand Abdossaeid Badiei , Parvin Farhad
Published: April 2016

One the innovations in the new act of family support is observed in article 4 for the authorities of religious minorities. Concerning the competence of these authorities and their relationships with the judicial courts, legislators deny the competence of the general courts in hearing the minority affairs based on their religious commonalities and certain rules and habits. Moreover, given that these authorities are competent to hear the personal status and non-litigious affairs of the religious minorities and are legally recognized to do so, they can be, to some extent, considered as an exceptional part of the judicial judgment institution. As a result, their decisions are valid in the courts and are ratified and enforced if they are compatible with the public order and morality.
ПРОПАНТ ХӨӨСТ КАМЕРТ БҮРТГЭГДСЭН ХАРИМХАЙ БУС ХАРИЛЦАН ҮЙЛЧЛЭЛЭЭР ҮҮССЭН ЭЕРЭГ ЦЭНЭГТ БӨӨМИЙГ ЯЛГАН ТАНИХ НЭГЭН БОЛОМЖ
Authors: Тогоо Р , Тулгаа Т , Төрсүх А , Рогачевский О В , Совд М , Шинэбаяр Ж
Published: April 2016

Релятив энергийн мужид ажилладаг молекуляр квант динамикийн загвар дээр тулгуурлан, их энергитэй эерэг бөөмийг ялган таних бэрхшээлийг гиперболлог буюу Лобачевскийн огторгуй дахь бүтэн хурдац хэмээх хэмжигдэхүүн ашиглан, протонуудын 25.3% нь  π+ - мезонууд байсныг арилгаж чадлаа. Ингээд π+ - мезоны шинж чанарыг судлах боломжтой болов.
РЕЛЯТИВ ХҮЧИЛТӨРӨГЧИЙН ИОНЫ ФОТОЭМУЛЬСИЙН ХҮНД, ХӨНГӨН ЦӨМТЭЙ МӨРГӨЛДӨХ ПРОЦЕССЫГ АНГИЛАН ЯЛГАЖ, ТҮҮНИЙ ЦЭНЭГТ ХЭЛТЭРХИЙНҮҮДИЙН ГАРАЛТ БА РЕЛЯТИВ БӨӨМСИЙН ЦАГИРГАН ЦАЦАРГАЛТ
Authors: Тогоо Р , Отгонсүрэн Д , Төрсүх А , Тулгаа Т , Шинэбаяр Ж
Published: April 2016

Fritiof загвар релятив хүчилтөрөгчийн ионы фотоэмульстэй харилцан үйлчилсэн үйлчлэлд үүссэн цэнэгт хоёрдогч бөөмсийн олонлог, сарнилын өнцөг ба псевдохурдцын туршилтын дүнгүүдийг сайн тохирон тайлбарлаж байгааг ашиглан, туршлагаар хэмжиж болдоггүй шагайлтын параметрийг олоод, түүнийг хэрэглэн уг ионы эмульсийн хүнд, хөнгөн цөмүүдтэй мөргөлдөх мөргөлдөөнийг анх удаа зөв ялгав. Сум ионы харилцан үйлчлэлд оролцоогүй хэлтэрхийнүүдийн бие биенээсээ үл хамааран задардгийг нь болон релятив бөөмсийн цахилгаансоронзон ба хүчтэй харилцан үйлчлэлцлүүдийн хамтын эффектийн хэт өндөр энергийн мужид ажиглагддаг нь 4.1А ГэВ энергид ч байгааг тус тус тогтоолоо.
Heighten Utility Security with Infrastructure Software Tools
Authors: Janke Robert , Murray Regan , Haxton Terranna , Goodrich James
Published: April 2016

The US Environmental Protection Agency's National Homeland Security Research Center offers software tools to support water utility security, operations, and resilience.
Accurate Water Quality Sampling Improves Process Controls
Authors: Martin Barb , Lichtenberg Traci
Published: April 2016

Water quality is key to public health, and sampling is essential to ensuring reliable, accurate water quality data to optimize water treatment plant and distribution system performance.
The Ionotropic Receptors IR21a and IR25a mediate cool sensing in Drosophila
Authors: Ni Lina , Klein Mason , Svec Kathryn V , Budelli Gonzalo , Chang Elaine C , Ferrer Anggie J , Benton Richard , Samuel Aravinthan DT , Garrity Paul A
Published: April 2016

Animals rely on highly sensitive thermoreceptors to seek out optimal temperatures, but the molecular mechanisms of thermosensing are not well understood. The Dorsal Organ Cool Cells (DOCCs) of the Drosophila larva are a set of exceptionally thermosensitive neurons critical for larval cool avoidance. Here, we show that DOCC cool-sensing is mediated by Ionotropic Receptors (IRs), a family of sensory receptors widely studied in invertebrate chemical sensing. We find that two IRs, IR21a and IR25a, are required to mediate DOCC responses to cooling and are required for cool avoidance behavior. Furthermore, we find that ectopic expression of IR21a can confer cool-responsiveness in an Ir25a-dependent manner, suggesting an instructive role for IR21a in thermosensing. Together, these data show that IR family receptors can function together to mediate thermosensation of exquisite sensitivity.
First-principles simulation on Seebeck coefficient in silicon and silicon carbide nanosheets
Authors: Nakamura Koichi
Published: April 2016

The Seebeck coefficients of silicon and silicon carbide for both bulk and nanosheet structures were simulated on the basis of first-principles calculation. The simulation procedure by means of the electronic band structure with periodic boundary condition is presented, and the dependences of the Seebeck coefficient on temperature and carrier concentration have been demonstrated for many kinds of n- or p-doped models. Under the assumption that the relaxation time is constant regardless of energy, the calculated Seebeck coefficients for bulk structures are mostly in accordance with the measured values quantitatively. The typical quantum-mechanical confinement can be observed for all nanosheet models in this study owing to dimensional reduction from bulk to nanosheet structure, but it is not so effective on the Seebeck coefficient. By the simulation with consideration of the energy dependence of the relaxation time, it is confirmed that the Seebeck coefficient should be significantly affected by the relaxation time in a wide range of temperature.
Tension density as counter force to the Lorentz force density
Authors: Nozaki Hiroo , Senami Masato , Ichikawa Kazuhide , Tachibana Akitomo
Published: April 2016

It is confirmed numerically that the tension density defined in quantum field theory is the counter force to the Lorentz force density. We take benzenedithiol in a nonequilibrium steady state as an example for the numerical demonstration of the balance between these densities. While we use simply a nonequilibrium Green’s function method for a quantum conduction state instead of computations based on quantum field theory, the balance between the tension density and the Lorentz force density can be confirmed. The tension density is free from the relaxation time ansatz and defined as a local quantity. The tension density may give a novel viewpoint to the understanding of the physics of electrical conduction.