bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Menstruation
Authors: Srivastava Nikita , Kumar Arun , Soni Priyanka , Singh Rajat
Published: March 2023

In recent years, conversations regarding menstruation are becoming more potent than ever before. Activists and media together have been trying to do away with the stigma towards the natural and biological phenomenon of menstruation. In the popular media, this can be seen with more advertisements and movies surrounding the topic being openly created and viewed. However, despite the momentum the topic has gained for women's health, it still remains a taboo for many. Transgender people in India continue to suffer violence, denial, and unequal treatment. In such an environment it becomes difficult to raise the topic of menstruation as a health concern that is encountered and faced by transgender individuals as well. The lack of literature on their health speaks volumes of the extent to which we have alienated the transgender community from our everyday conversations. The chapter aims to highlight the concerns and problems of menstruation faced by the transgender community, keeping in mind the dysphoria they experience and the stark lack of inclusive policies and facilities in the nation.
The Effects of a Menstrual Distress Coping Education Program for Adolescents and Young Adult Females
Authors: Malik Vandana Singh , Behmani Suman , Singh Vijeta , Behmani Rakesh Kumar , Kumar Sanjay , Kumar Krishan
Published: March 2023

Around 500 million women and girls around the world have insufficient resources to manage and handle their menstrual hygiene. The lack of menstrual hygiene information is responsible for the stigmatization of menstruation, which raises the probability of menstrual distress and various health issues. Health education plays a key role in improving awareness and practices related to menstruation so that girls can manage menstruation with confidence and dignity. Comprehensive and sustained health education needs to be provided to all adolescent girls by health care providers. This chapter includes the effects of menstrual distress coping education programs for adolescent and young adult females in India. In this chapter, authors have compiled various education programs and see the effects of menstrual distress for adolescent and young adult females.
Cyber Security
Authors: Deshmukh Atharva , Patil Disha Sunil , Soni Gulshan , Tyagi Amit Kumar
Published: March 2023

Industry 4.0 is a new industrial revolution based on the deployment of billions of internet of things (IoTs) devices. With this industrial revolution, Society 5.0 is also taking place (introduced and applied in Japan). These revolutions are dependent on one another in order to improve productivity, transparency, security, and trust, among other things. However, when IoTs communicate over the internet and store their data on a cloud/remote server, there is a risk of security breaches. Hackers can also attach/steal these systems or the data they hold by leveraging smart devices/artificial intelligence. When the internet of things (IoTs) and machine learning (ML) collaborate, they coin the phrase automated analytics, which means analytics by intelligence or artificial intelligence.
What Are Airlines' Possible Strategic Responses to Overcome Unexpected Catastrophic Events Post COVID-19?
Authors: Durak Mehmet Şahin , Tanrıverdi Gökhan
Published: March 2023

Events that deeply affect the world and the airline industry, such as terrorist attacks or disease outbreaks, are expressed as unexpected events since they are not predicted or desired events. The responses employed by airlines are of great importance for the future of airline companies for their survival. In this context, this study aims to reveal a strategic response repertoire that airlines can employ to sustain their existence in case of facing an unexpected events for the post-Covid-19 era. Studies on strategic responses during unexpected events were collected from WoS and Sciencedirect databases. These studies were analyzed and discussed under the themes of preparedness/resilience efforts, resume, exit, adaptation, and action, determined by the authors. The study is expected to guide airline companies on how to respond to various unexpected events post-Covid-19 period.
Performance Enhancement of Health-Tech Applications Using Agile Methodology
Authors: Goyal Vikas , Goyal Geetanjali , Nanda Hritik Ranjan
Published: March 2023

HealthCare is an application which connects the patients/users and health care professionals registered on the HealthCare application, acting as merely intermediary. The data, which is provided by the users/patients or from any health care professional, belongs simply to them. Here a person is given access with some credential, non-exclusive license to use the HealthCare Services as described therein. The authors are using Flutter and Firebase as the technology to develop the App and WebSite. The authors are using Flutter technology, which is provided by Google for creating front-end/back-end, along with crafting beautiful designs (FutureLearn,); moreover, it is a compiled environment for mobile, web, and desktop by using a single codebase. Furthermore, the authors are using Google's Firebase technology that is provided by Google as a back-end service that helps in the development of software, which lets the developers to make iOS, Android, and web applications. It basically provides the tools which helps keep a tab on investigation, addressing, fixing application bugs, making marketing strategies, and product testing.
What Can Managers Learn From Professional Poker Players About Decision-Making?
Authors: Alvarenga Murilo Zamboni , Sincorá Larissa Alves , Valadares de Oliveira Marcos Paulo , Fantinel Letícia Dias , Löbler Mauri Leodir
Published: March 2023

This paper aims to investigate how past decision-making experiences can improve future decision-making. Nine semi-structured interviews were conducted with profitable professional Poker players. The results point out that it is the knowledge background of the decision-maker that makes him make sense of the situations he experiences. The research findings allowed the identification of three mechanisms that facilitate and make future decisions faster and more appropriate based on past experiences: (1) memory, (2) reflection, and (3) tools and analytical approach. The research contributes by showing evidence that, when supported by analytical tools, decision-makers can improve the quality and speed of the decision-making process. For organizations and supply chains, the paper highlights the importance of recognizing patterns based on the past to make sense of the future. For operations management, in events like COVID-19, companies can take advantage of memory to enact over unprecedented scenarios, prevent disruptions, and recover.
The Influence of Social Marketing Drives on Customer Satisfaction via Demographic Variables as Moderating Factors
Authors: Al-Dmour Rand H. , Al-Dmour Hani H. , Ahmadamin Eatedalameen
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of social media marketing tactics—such as advantageous campaigns, relevant content, popular content, and presence on multiple platforms—on customer satisfaction in travel and tourism offices in Jordan. The study also explores how demographic variables like age, sex, education, and income influence this relationship. The results confirmed that social media marketing drives are positively related to customer satisfaction. The findings showed that all the drives—advantageous campaigns, relevant content, popular content, and presence on multiple social media platforms—have a significant impact on customer satisfaction. The results also suggest that demographic variables like age, sex, education, and income moderate the relationship between social media marketing drives and customer satisfaction, implying that the effect of these drives on customer satisfaction may vary based on demographic factors.
The Meaning of Privacy in the Digital Era
Authors: Adams Jackson , Almahmoud Hala
Published: March 2023

The key research objective of the current study is to answer the following research question: Why is ‘privacy' a contested concept that is hard to define? In doing so, the study will raise awareness of the contemporary meaning of ‘privacy' in relation to cyber activities and to draw attention to the need for developing the right to cyber privacy and its legal protection. Hence, the current study has embarked on analysing the meaning of privacy in general, and the meaning of cyber or online privacy in particular. As a result, privacy has been found to be a perennially contestable concept, and this is exacerbated by the ever more rapidly developing digital world and also by the diverse perceptions which vary across societies, cultures, and generations. This has created a big challenge for regulators and legislators to define a specific privacy right that can be accorded with a legal protection against violations across national and international jurisdictions. However, the right to privacy has been found to be vague and open to multiple, competing interpretations.
Piezoelectric Patches for Deflection Control of Functionally Graded Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Composite Plates
Authors: Ezzraimi Madjid , Lazar Mohammed Essidik , Tiberkak Rachid , Chiker Yasser , Bachene Morad , Rechak Said
Published: March 2023

In the present work, a smart structure is being investigated, where a functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) plate is equipped with piezoelectric actuators to provide vibration control. Due to their high mechanical properties coupled with lightweight, FG-CNTRCs are mainly used in the aerospace industry and in advanced engineering applications. The CNTs have a linear and non-linear distribution along the thickness of the plate and are distributed according to five configurations, namely: UD, FG-X, FG-O, FG-A and FG-V. The first order shear deformation (FOSD) theory is considered in the formulation of a 9-node quadratic finite element with 5 degrees-of-freedom per node, and an additional degree of freedom is provided for the piezoelectric layer. The model developed in this study assesses the free vibration behavior and controls the nanocomposite plate deflection through the electromechanical coupling factor piezoelectric. In addition, it investigates: (i) the effect of the plate configuration, (ii) the CNT volume fraction, (iii) the CNT destruction patterns, (iv) the linear and nonlinear distribution of CNTs, (v) the number of CNTRC ply, (vi) the boundary conditions and (vii) the dimensions with different locations of actuators. The results obtained show the first natural frequencies for all configurations, which are considered to be in good agreement with those available in the literature and illustrate that the effective stiffness of the nanocomposite plates can be improved further when the reinforcement is dispersed according to the FG-X pattern. In addition, for the case of the deflection control analysis, results indicate that the distributed piezoelectric layers (actuators) attenuate the deflection of the CNTRC to the desired tolerance. It is noted that patches with partial coverage compared to the case of total coverage of piezoelectric layers require more electrical power to reach the same level of attenuation. The developed numerical model is intended to be used in a variety of potential advanced engineering applications.
Investigation on Role and Impact of 3D Printing Technology in Sand Casting
Authors: Dhal P.K. , Arul Kumar P. V. , Muthu G. , Kaliappan S. , Natrayan L. , Yatika Gori
Published: March 2023

3D printing has been recognized to be such a game-changer in manufacturing that it has now permeated virtually every aspect of the industry, including mould and die casting. A thorough examination of 3D printing's past, present and future in the business is provided here. Casting procedures may be enhanced or drastically altered by 3D printing. The design of goods, assemblies, and parts will be transformed by 3D printing, which is more than just a manufacturing technology. With the aid of 3D printing, sand casting is a technique that can make complex components out of almost any metal alloy at a reasonable cost. Using this integration, producers may build massive components in the least amount of time. It has also established a distinctive place in other casting elements; Examples include the ceramic shell, sand mould sand core, and wax pattern, we'll learn more about sand casting and 3D printing this week.
On the stability of ring relative equilibria in the N-body problem on with Hodge potential
Authors: Andrade Jaime , Boatto Stefanella , Crespo F. , Espejo D.E.
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we study the stability of the ring solution of the N-body problem in the entire sphere
$\mathbb {S}^2$
by using the logarithmic potential proposed in Boatto et al. (2016, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 472, 20160020) and Dritschel (2019, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 377, 20180349), derived through a definition of central force and Hodge decomposition theorem for 1-forms in manifolds. First, we characterize the ring solution and study its spectral stability, obtaining regions (spherical caps) where the ring solution is spectrally stable for
$2\leq N\leq 6$
, while, for
$N\geq 7$
, the ring is spectrally unstable. The nonlinear stability is studied by reducing the system to the homographic regular polygonal solutions, obtaining a 2-d.o.f. Hamiltonian system, and therefore some classic results on stability for 2-d.o.f. Hamiltonian systems are applied to prove that the ring solution is unstable at any parallel where it is placed. Additionally, this system can be reduced to 1-d.o.f. by using the angular momentum integral, which enables us to describe the phase portraits and use them to find periodic ring solutions to the full system. Some of those solutions are numerically approximated.
Knowledge, attitude, and perception of low back pain and activities that may prevent it among adolescents in Nigeria
Authors: Bello Bashir , Aminu Abdulbaki , Abdullahi Auwal , O Akindele Mukadas , Useh Ushotanefe , A Ibrahim Aminu
Published: March 2023

Background: Awareness of activities that may result in low back pain (LBP) among adolescents is fundamental in preventing adulthood LBP.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate adolescents' knowledge, attitude, and perception of LBP and activities that may prevent LBP in Kano, North-western, Nigeria.Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey involving 400 school-going adolescents recruited using a multistage random sampling technique. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test with 0.05 set as level of significance.

Results: The mean age of the respondents was 16.0±1.50 years. LBP annual prevalence was 34.2%, with more girls (31.1%) reporting having LBP compared to boys (28.4%). More than half (59.3%) of the respondents had poor knowledge of LBP and activities that may prevent it. However, they had a good attitude (63%) and perception (74%) of LBP and activities that may prevent it. There was no significant association of levels of knowledge, attitude, and perception of LBP and activities that may prevent LBP with gender, age, and class of study (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: Adolescents in Kano, North-western Nigeria had poor knowledge of LBP and activities that may prevent it. Therefore, there is a need to embark on an LBP prevention program among adolescents in Kano, North-western Nigeria.

Keywords: Low back pain; prevention; adolescents; knowledge; attitude; perception.
A meta-analysis and experimental data for multidrug resistance genes in breast cancer
Authors: Zaib Shumaila , Tahir Sammia , Masood Nosheen , Hameed Abdul , Yasmin Azra
Published: March 2023

Background: Increasing trend of breast cancer incidence worldwide is a known fact. This curable disease may become fatal if drug resistance is developed leading to metastatic cancerous tissue.

Objective: This is a two parts study; a meta-analysis exploring association of drug resistance (mdr1 and ABCG2) genes with breast cancer and mutational association with molecular subtypes of cancer.

Methods: PCR-SSCP for genomic polymorphisms and RT-PCR for expression analysis were performed.

Results: C3435T polymorphism of mdr1 gene was most commonly studied mutation with contradictory results. Association of ABCG2 gene mutations with untreated breast cancer was reported only by one study so far. Regarding current genomic analysis of mdr1 gene, three novel mutations were found in exon 12 and 2 mutations were found in exon 26. In ABCG2 gene, addition of C and T were found in intron 8 at the intron-exon junction. A positive correlation was observed between these mutations and tumor grade. Levels of mRNA expression revealed that they were over expressed in cancerous tissues compared with controls.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that these genes are associated with breast cancer.

Keywords: Expression; mutations; mdr1; ABCG2; breast cancer.
Primary spontaneous pneumothorax in a term neonate
Authors: O Adekoya Abiola , O Adekoya Adesola , O Amosu Lukmon , A Olatunji Ayodeji , A Olusola- Bello Mojisola , O Ashaolu Olubukola
Published: March 2023

Pneumothorax is a rare but recognized cause of respiratory distress in the newborn. It can occur spontaneously or post-traumatic.We report our experience in a term male neonate who had primary spontaneous pneumothorax. He had no surgical intervention but completely recovered with conservative management and supplemental oxygen.
Childhood colostomies: patterns, indications and outcomes in a Nigerian University Teaching Hospital
Authors: Obiora Ezomike Uchechukwu , Esther Nwachukwu Ijeoma , Ifeanyi Nwangwu Emmanuel , Sunday Chukwu Isaac , Chukwuemeka Aliozor Samson , Perpetua Nwankwo Elochukwu , Okwuchukwu Ekenze Sebastian
Published: March 2023

Background: Most childhood colostomies are done for decompression or diversion in gastrointestinal tract congenital anomalies.Colostomy may be sited in the transverse or sigmoid colon as loop or defunctioning (divided) colostomies. Current pattern seems towards construction of more sigmoid and defunctioning colostomies.

Aims: To evaluate the patterns, indications and outcomes of childhood colostomies.

Patients and Methods: Retrospective chart review of all colostomies performed in children below 15 years from September 2010 to August 2020.

Results: There were 104 colostomies (55males; 49females; 65 sigmoid; 39 transverse colostomies; 3 loop; 101 defunctioning colostomies. Anorecatal Malformation (ARM)was indication in 32 males and 41 females; age range 2 days to 13 years. Hirschsprung’s Disease (HD) was indication in 18 males and 4 females; age range 6 weeks to 15 years.In HD there were three loop colostomies (3/22) in transverse colon and 19 defunctioning colostomies (8 sigmoid, 11 transverse) while in ARM all 73 were defunctioning colostomies(P=0.01) In HD there were 14/22 transverse colostomies and 8/22 sigmoid colostomies while ARM had 24/73 transverse and 49/73sigmoid colostomies (P =0.013) In HD 91% colostomies were done beyond infancy while in ARM 93% were before one year(P<0.0001). Mortalities were notedin 1.9% patients.

Conclusion: Commonest indication for colostomy is ARM. There are more defunctioning than loop colostomies, and more sigmoid than transverse colostomies. of most colostomies in ARM were during infancy while mostly beyond infancy in HD.

Keywords: Childhood colostomies; oatterns; indications; outcomes.
The effect of obesity on metabolic parameters: a cross sectional study in adult women
Authors: Ramazan Karadogan Seyit , Canbolat Eren , Pınar Cakıroglu Funda
Published: March 2023

Background: In this study conducted in adult healthy women, it was aimed to determine the relationship between anthropometric measurements such as Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference, waist/height ratio and blood parameters, which are used to define obesity.

Methods: A total of 90 women, with a mean age of 38.4±8.8 years, 34 pre-obese between BMI: 25.0-29.9 kg/m2 and 56 obese BMI: ≥30.0 kg/m2, participated in the study.

Results: According to plasma atherogenic index (PAI), women with high cardiovascular risk had lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) values, while low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG), aspartate transaminase (AST) values were found to be higher (p<0.05). It was observed that obese women according to BMI had higher fasting glucose, TG, alanine transaminase (ALT), AST and urea values, and lower HDL and mean erythrocyte volume (MCV) values compared to pre-obese women (p<0.05). A moderately positive relationship was found between body fat percentage, waist circumference and waist/height ratio and fasting glucose and ALT levels of women, and a moderate negative relationship was found between vitamin D levels (p<0.05).

Conclusions: It is understood that the increase in body fat tissue, especially in the abdominal region, in adult healthy women has negative effects on blood parameters and the risk of developing chronic diseases will decrease by preventing this situation.

Keywords: Obesity; Abdominal Fat; Blood Chemical Analysis; Women's Health; Anthropometry.
Breast biomarkers profile of invasive lobular carcinoma in a cohort of arab women shows no significant differences from carcinoma of no special type
Authors: Al Nemer Areej
Published: March 2023

Objectives: Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) of the breast is known for its common presentation at an older age, and the frequent expression of favourable profile of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER & PR) positivity, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negativity combined with low proliferation rate as measured by Ki67. This study aimed to test these clinicopathological features of ILC in an Arabic cohort.

Methods: All breast biopsies diagnosed as IDC or ILC were retrospectively reviewed over 2 years period (2017-2018) in an academic centre. Variables were compared using Fisher’s exact test for statistical significance.

Results: A total of 134 cases were recruited, 12.7% were ILC. The median age was 52 years for both types. Clustering of ILC cases was noticed in luminal A subtype (47.1%), but there was no statistically significant difference in subtyping between the 2 histologic groups. Ki67 was significantly lower in ILC than IDC category.

Conclusions: Our study showed that ILC in our cohort lacks the advantage of older age and the common high expression of ER positivity in comparison to IDC. There is, however, significant difference of the value of Ki67 proliferation marker. The prognosis of lobular morphology is questionable in our cohort.

Keywords: Biomarkers; breast carcinoma types; immunohistochemistry; invasive lobular carcinoma; Ki67.
Factors associated with adverse obstetric events following induction of labour: a retrospective study in a tertiary hospital in Ghana
Authors: Adu-Bonsaffoh Kwame , Seffah Joseph
Published: March 2023

Background: Induction of labour (IOL) remains an indispensable intervention in obstetric practice; however, it may be associated with significant untoward perinatal outcomes. This study determined the major adverse outcomes of IOL and the associated factors at a tertiary hospital in Ghana

Methods: Retrospective study involving women with singleton gestations, conducted at the Korle Teaching Hospital in Ghana. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the factors associated with adverse outcomes of IOL.

Findings: A total of 195 women who had IOL were analysed with 161 (82.6%) and 34 (17.4%) undergoing vaginal and caesarean deliveries respectively. The main IOL methods used included Misoprostol (91.3%), Oxytocin (5.1%) and Foley’s catheter (3.6%). Composite adverse perinatal outcomes occurred in 46 neonates (23.6%) comprising perinatal deaths (7.2%) and or NICU admission (21.0%). Caesarean delivery following IOL was significantly associated with nulliparity, gestational age <41 weeks, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and birth weight ≥3.5kg. Gestational age <41 weeks and birth weight <2.5kg weresignificantly associated with adverse perinatal outcome. Five women (2.6%) had uterine rupture all of which occurred in the misoprostol group.

Conclusion: Induction of labour may result in significant perinatal complications which are related to both maternal (nulliparity and hypertension) and fetal (gestational age and birth weight) factors. Strict selection criteria and continuous fetal-maternal monitoring are strongly recommended to improve the birth outcomes of IOL.

Keywords: Induction of labour; adverse outcomes; Ghana.
Association between dietary patterns and pregnancy induced hypertension: a case control study from Sudan
Authors: Nahla Kambal , A Ibrahim Bani , A Rahim Bahaa-eldin E
Published: March 2023

Background: Dietary patterns and its associated factors and can play an essential role in development of preeclampsia and implication in pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH).

Objective: This study was performed to determine nutritional factors associated with PIH among pregnant women in Khartoum, Sudan.

Methods: This study was a case-control involving 100 women with PIH and 200 normotensive pregnant women.

Results: The mean current weight in the control and PIH groups was 70.25 ± 12.35 and 72.42 ± 12.33 kg; whereas the mean energy intake in the control and PIH groups was 1991.58 ±140.72 and 2154.37 ± 130.85 kcal, respectively. The study results indicated a significantly lower risk of PIH among women ingesting fruits and legumes (odds ratio, 8.44 and 4.07, respectively; 95% confidence interval; P < 0.05).

Conclusion: PIH was positively associated with higher energy, fat, and protein intake. A lower risk of PIH was calculated for women whose dietary habits included fruits and legumes. Measures with which to ensure proper nutrition education are needed to obtain good health and pregnancy outcomes. PIH is a multifactorial disease with an unclear etiology, and the findings of this study will serve as a baseline for future studies in this field.

Keywords: Nutrition; pregnancy-induced hypertension; health; Sudan.
The impact of systemic hypertension on outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients – a systematic review
Authors: Ayodele Ogunmodede James , Jane Ogunmodede Adebusola , Folasade Dele-Ojo Bolade , Abiola Yusuf Idris , Abiodun Akintunde Adeseye , Akeem Bolarinwa Oladimeji , Peter Omojasola Taiye , Adeola Katibi Ibraheem , Babatunde Omotoso Ayodele
Published: March 2023

Background: Several observational reports from different parts of the world have shown that systemic hypertension (hypertension) was the single commonest comorbid condition in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Hypertension is also the most prevalent comorbidity reported among patients who developed severe disease, were admitted to Intensive Care Unit, needed mechanical ventilatory support, or who died on admission. The objective of this systematic review is to study the association between hypertension and specific clinical outcomes of COVID-19 disease which are- development of severe COVID-19 disease, need foradmission in the intensive care unit (ICU) or critical care unit (CCU), need for mechanical ventilation or death

Methods: We searched the PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar databases up till June 28, 2020 for original research articles that documented the risk factors of mortality in patients with COVID-19 using the PRISMA guideline.

Results: One hundred and eighty-two articles were identified using pre-specified search criteria, of which 33 met the study inclusion criteria. Only three were prospective studies. Most studies documented hypertension as the most prevalent comorbidity. The association of hypertension with development of severe COVID-19 disease was not conclusive, majority of studies however found an associated with mortality.

Conclusion: Hypertension affects the clinical course and outcome of COVID-19 disease in many cohorts. Prospective studies are needed to further understand this relationship.

Keywords: Hypertension and COVID-19; SARS –Cov-2; severity; mortality; ICU care; mechanical ventilation.
What constrains growth in Algeria? a diagnostic approach
Authors: Merghit Abdelhamid
Published: March 2023

The growth diagnostic approach crafted by Hausmann, Rodrik and Velasco (2005) provides a framework for formulating hypotheses on what may be constraining a country’s growth. In this context, this paper aims at highlighting the methodology of such an approach with an application to Algeria. Our findings show that low private returns to economic activities due to micro risks (high taxes, weak contract enforcement & property rights, electricity shortcomings, corruption…), and insufficient access to finance, are a critical binding’s constraint to growth in the country. However, unlocking Algeria’s growth potential requires that economic policymakers should prioritize their intervention on the removing of such constraints.
Curculigoside attenuates Helicobacter pylori-induced inflammation and apoptosis of gastric mucosal epithelial cells via NF-κB pathway
Authors: Li Yongjian , Su Xiaoyan
Published: March 2023

Purpose: To investigate the possible effects and mechanisms of action of curculigoside (Cur) on gastric ulcers.

Methods: Human gastric mucosal epithelial GES-1 cells were infected with Helicobacter pylori and then treated with Cur. Cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence assays were used to investigate the effect of Cur on cell viability and apoptosis after exposure to H. pylori. Inflammation status and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed using enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCF) staining, respectively, while immunoblot and immunofluorescence assays were performed to determine the effect of Cur on the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway.

Results: Cur significantly increased H. pylori-induced cell viability and inhibited H. pylori-induced inflammatory cytokine production (p < 0.01). Furthermore, Cur significantly suppressed H. pylori-induced ROS production and apoptosis (p < 0.01). Through the NF-κB pathway, Cur attenuated H. pylori-induced inflammation and apoptosis of gastric mucosal epithelial cells.

Conclusion: In H. pylori infection, Cur treatment increases cell viability, reduces inflammatory cytokine production, suppresses ROS production, and inhibits apoptosis via NF-κB pathway. Further investigation using whole animal experiments would be needed to establish the role of Cur in the management of H. pylori-induced gastric ulcers.
Chikusetsu saponin IVA induces apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction of benign prostatic hyperplasia epithelial cell line (BPH-1) by inhibiting JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway
Authors: Gao Jian , Zhang Yuan , Li Lei
Published: March 2023

Purpose: To determine the potential effect of Chikusetsu saponin IVA (CS-IVA) on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), as well as the mechanism of action.

Methods: Benign prostatic hyperplasia epithelial cell response to treatment by CS-IVA was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), colony formation assay, and cell cycle analysis. Flow cytometry and immunoblot assay were used to assess the effect of CS-IVA on cell apoptosis. Mitochondrial damage was examined by JC-1 staining and immunoblot, while immunoblot assay was also performed to determine the effect of CS-IVA on JAK/STAT3 pathway.

Results: CS-IVA inhibited the growth and cycle progression of BPH-1 cell but promoted cell apoptosis (p < 0.01). It also exacerbated mitochondrial damage in BPH-1 cell lines (p < 0.01). With regard to the mechanism of action, CS-IVA inhibited JAK/STAT3 pathway in BPH-1 cells (p < 0.01).

Conclusion: CS-IVA induces apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction of BPH-1 cells by inhibiting JAK/STAT3 pathway, and thus it is a potential drug for the treatment of BPH. However, in vivo studies on the effect of CS-IVA are are required to validate these results
Tidal cycle and time of day control pH levels in coastal habitats of the western Indian Ocean: the case of Mnazi and Chwaka Bays in Tanzania
Authors: George Rushingisha , Lugendo Blandina R.
Published: March 2023

Ocean acidification, a progressive decrease in the pH and change in the carbonate chemistry of seawater caused by the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere, is a growing crisis that threatens marine species. pH data relevant to a species’ natural habitat in the coastal waters of the western Indian Ocean (WIO) is still sparse, limiting the capacity to undertake manipulative studies to better understand the impacts of ocean acidification on marine species. This study investigated tidal and day-night pH variations in mangrove, seagrass, and coral reef habitats of the WIO by using Tanzania as a case study. The mean pH of the studied coastal habitats was highest in seagrass (8.49 ± 0.29), followed by coral reef (8.33 ± 0.06), and lowest in mangrove (8.20 ± 0.17). Seagrass habitats had the highest pH (9.06) during the day at low spring tides, mangrove habitats had the highest pH (8.45) during the day at high spring tides, and coral reef habitats had the highest pH (8.47) during the day at low tides. Seagrass habitats had the widest pH range (1.03), followed by mangrove habitats (0.54), while coral reef habitats had the narrowest range (0.23). The water with the highest pH during the day was transported to nearby mangrove habitats during incoming tides and to coral reef habitats during outgoing tides, resulting in the highest mean pH in mangrove and coral reef habitats during spring high and low tides, respectively. pH within the seagrass habitats correlated strongly and positively with changes in temperature (r=0.80), dissolved oxygen (r=0.84), and salinity (r=0.72), while pH in mangrove habitats correlated moderately and positively with dissolved oxygen (r=0.59). This study provides in-situ evidence on the pH fluctuations in the WIO’s coastal habitats over time and space, with water from seagrass habitats capable of raising the pH of water in nearby mangrove and coral reef habitats during the day, thereby potentially helping in the mitigation of the effects of ocean acidification on these habitats.
Artificial reef structures and coral transplantation as potential tools for enhancing locally-managed inshore reefs: a case study from Wasini Island, Kenya
Authors: Mwaura Jelvas M. , Murage Dishon , Karisa Juliet F. , Otwoma Levy M. , O. Said Hashim
Published: March 2023

Many severely degraded reefs in the western Indian Ocean region show no signs of natural recovery and have remained for decades as barren, unconsolidated coral rubble fields with depleted commercially important fish groups. Consequently, several restoration techniques have been designed and developed to mitigate the localized impacts on coral reefs. Evaluating the efficacy of combined use of artificial reef structures and coral transplantation in enhancing habitat and recovery of key functions in severely degraded reefs is key to improved conservation of coral reefs. In this study, the survivorship rate of corals transplanted on reef structures is assessed, and changes in coral and fish abundance on artificial reef units and nearby natural reefs over time are compared. Coral cover on artificial reef structures increased from a mean of 17 % one year after initial attachment of fragments to 41 % after two years, with Acropora corals providing the highest cover. The artificial reef structures were also rapidly colonized by reef fish, with fish densities of 18±13 indiv./100 m2 showing an increase of about three fold higher than on natural reefs after two years. Greater numbers of commercially important fish groups (e.g., Lutjanids and Acanthurids) were observed on artificial reefs while natural reefs harboured more small sized fish (Pomacentrids and Labrids). These findings provide insights for artificial reef projects that are capable of restoring the regenerative capacity of the human-induced coral rubble beds.
Informacje udostępniane publicznie w mediach społecznościowych a cyberstalking. Studium przypadku
Authors: Waszkiewicz Paulina
Published: March 2023

This article will discuss the topic of cyberstalking, which currently does not have a clear legal definition, neither scientific nor linguistic. Nowadays, various behaviors may be referred to as cyberstalking, which undoubtedly does not make it easier for law enforcement authorities to catch potential perpetrators. The text will analyze the behavior of a Polish TikToker nicknamed Diskorolka in terms of criminal liability for cyberstalking. Using primarily the dogmatic-legal method, i.e. through the interpretation of legal acts and jurisprudence of the authors’criminal law, analyzes in the text of the behavior. In the article, the author will also refer to statistics on cyberstalking.
Brain Tumor Classification Using Deep CNN-Based Transfer Learning Approach
Authors: Arya Manish , Agrawal Rajeev
Published: March 2023

Brain Tumor (BT) categorization is an indispensable task for evaluating Tumors and making an appropriate treatment. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) modality is commonly used for such an errand due to its unparalleled nature of the imaging and the actuality that it doesn’t rely upon ionizing radiations. The pertinence of Deep Learning (DL) in the space of imaging has cleared the way for exceptional advancements in identifying and classifying complex medical conditions, similar to a BT. Here in the presented paper, the classification of BT through DL techniques is put forward for the characterizing BTs using open dataset which categorize them into benign and malignant. The proposed framework achieves a striking precision of 96.65.
Synthesis of Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots with Hydrothermal and Solvothermal Method Application for Anticounterfeiting and Encryption
Authors: KAVGACI Mustafa , KALMIŞ Hacı Veli , ESKALEN Hasan
Published: March 2023

The objective of this work was comparing the optical performance of hydrothermally and solvothermal synthesized unique florescent carbon quantum dots (FCQDs) from organic material and use it as a fluorescent ink for one of the significant information encryption applications. The goji berry and sucrose were used as a carbon source of experiment. FCQDs obtained by simple hydrothermal and solvothermal methods by using water, isopropanol and acetone as a solvent. The crystal structure and optical properties of the obtained carbon dots are investigated. The obtained all FCQDs are amorphous phases. The maximum emission of the obtained CDs was found at 465 nm when excited at 386 nm. The fluorescent ink potential of the synthesized FCQDs were compared and the best result found at carbon dot that synthesized from solvothermal methods with acetone solution.
TTS’ler için Yoğuşma Tavasında Kanatçıklı Boru Tasarımı ile Atık Isı Geri Kazanımının Analizi: Enerji Verimliliği Üzerindeki Etkileri
Authors: DENİZ Zafer , AKTAŞ Mustafa , ERTEN Süleyman , ERDOĞMUŞ Fatma Nur , ÖDER Melis
Published: March 2023

Süpermarketlerde teşhir tipi plug-in soğutucular yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu soğutucularda şebekeye bağlı drenaj sistemi bulunmadığından, biriken defrost suyu PTC rezistans yardımı ile uzaklaştırılmaktadır. PTC rezistansının enerji tüketimi toplam enerji tüketiminin yaklaşık %20’sini oluşturmaktadır. Nihai enerji tüketiminin birincil enerji kaynaklarından karşılandığı düşünüldüğünde; fosil yakıtların azalması ve enerji maliyetlerinin artması ile tüketilen enerjinin daha verimli kullanılması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, kompresör çıkışında kızgın buhar halindeki soğutucu akışkan kompresör basma hattı boruları ile defrost kabında bulunan durgun su içerisinden geçirilmiştir. Defrost kabı içerisinde bulunan basma borularına ilave kanatçıklar eklenerek ısı transferi artırılmış ve enerji tüketimi azaltılmıştır. Bu sayede soğutucunun enerji tüketimi azaltılarak mevcut sistemde “E” olan enerji sınıfı yeni tasarım ile “D” sınıfına yükseltilmiştir. Böylece çevre dostu bir tasarım ortaya koyulmuş ve birincil enerji tüketimi düşürülerek 1 adet soğutucu için 11,138 kg/gün CO2 emisyonu azaltılmıştır.
The Sun Within: New Solar Myth in Early Novels of Wilson Harris and J.G.
Ballard
Authors: Pestell Ben
Published: March 2023

Even in our disenchanted age, the Sun remains a potent symbol in mythopoeic
literature, and, in very different ways, Wilson Harris and J. G. Ballard each use
internalised images of the Sun to construct and narrate their modern mythical
landscapes. In Harris’s Palace of the Peacock (1960), the Sun fills the pages with a
nebulous and ineffable blinding power. In Ballard’s The Drowned World (1962), the dual
image of the physical and the psychological Sun inspires an atavistic pilgrimage. This
chapter studies the role of the Sun in each novel, where it serves to inspire a quest
for a form of individuation. I argue that Ballard’s Sun is a transcendental engine that
drives individual psychic integration, while Harris’s is a gateway into a metaphysical
realm of spiritual unity. In each case, the Sun is the focus of a modern mythological
method.
Pattern Characterization of Meteorological Drought Using Multivariate Drought Index Over Mirzapur in Middle Gangetic Plains of India
Authors: Gond Shivani , Gupta Nitesh , Dikshit P. K. S. , Bihari Dwivedi Shyam
Published: March 2023

Droughts and floods have been occurring at a higher frequency in recent decades. The rapid transition between them magnifies the socio-economic consequences of these catastrophes relative to the effects of the individual occurrences of the extreme event. This study examines the temporal variability of meteorological drought and wet event characteristics occurring over Mirzapur (Uttar Pradesh), India. The Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) is applied to monthly water balance at scales 3, 6, 9, and 12 months to estimate the meteorological drought and wet events from 1971 to 2018. Drought and wet event characteristics such as the number of drought/wet events, severity, duration, and intensity are estimated using run theory over SPEI output. While characterizing the pattern of trends over the historical time period, variable-sized cluster analysis (VSCA) allows the detection of multiple change points as opposed to the Mann-Kendall (MK) test, which produces a monotonic trend for the entire time period. The VSCA technique accounts for drought variability and depicts the pattern’s evolution across the period under consideration. Station-scale drought data from Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh (UP), India, were used in the procedure. VSCA allows for the detection of many change points while describing the pattern of drought trend throughout a historical period, as opposed to the usual Mann-Kendall (MK) test, which provides a monotonic trend for the whole time. As a result, VSCA demonstrated the MK test compatibility.
Advanced Synthetic and Bio-Based Sorbents for Oil Spill Clean-up: A Review of Novel Trends
Authors: Gote M. G. , Dhila H. H. , Muley S. R.
Published: March 2023

Due to immense population growth and economic development, the use of crude oil for various energy applications has escalated in the past few decades. This has led to the large-scale exploitation of oil reserves which has further resulted in the accidental release of large amounts of oil into our oceans. In recent years, significant emphasis has been placed on processes involving oil sorption by various natural and synthetic sorbents. Several sorbent materials based on synthetic polymers such as polypropylene, polyurethane, polystyrene, etc., possessing three-dimensional porous structure, large surface area, high mechanical strength, and exhibiting good oil recoverability and reusability, have been employed for oil-water separation processes. Conversely, many of these materials in their native or pristine form are amphipathic, which prevents their large-scale use in oil spill clean-up. This has led to researchers exploring surface modifications of commercially available sorbent polymeric materials to enhance their oleophilicity and hydrophobicity. This review article summarizes and discusses recent advances in the strategies for the fabrication of newer surface-modified synthetic polymeric materials and natural bio-based sorbents, and further highlights their effectiveness in dealing with the oil/water separation challenges.
Retention Behaviour of Heavy Metals from Industrial Sludge Amended with Admixtures to Use Them as Liners for Landfill Facilities
Authors: Saranya S. S. S. , Maya Naik S. N. , . Shankara
Published: March 2023

The solidification of contaminants within the soil/waste has proved to be a versatile technique to de-contaminate them and make them usable for several applications. In this method, the development of binder provisions leads to the conversion of the environmentally unstable condition of waste materials into a nearly stable material. Further, these materials pose a minimum threat that can be absorbed into the environment. Normally lime/cement and other pozzolanic materials are used as binder materials. In this work, it is proposed to use the efficiency of binding fly ash to improve the unconfined compressive strength (UCC) of soils, particularly during the curing period. This is because improvement in strength is a reflection of the improvement of bonding soil particles. Fly ash as the main source material, in addition to a minor proportion of cement and lime, is used to determine the strength. UCC test results revealed that as the percentage of fly ash increases there is an increase in compressive strength. It is also observed that with an increase in lime content and an increase in cement content, the UCC strength also increases. The strength in cement-stabilized compacted specimens is more compared to lime-stabilized mixtures. To confirm that the improvement in strength is related to the solidification of contaminated metals, particularly for soils containing copper and chromium, the stabilized mixture is tested for the leaching of these metals. Leaching tests were conducted on various stabilized mixtures at different curing periods. The leachate was examined for metal ion concentration using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The leaching behavior of heavy metals from different proportions of soil matrix revealed that with an increase in lime or cement percentage, a decrease in leachability is observed. It is found that the leaching of heavy metals from cement-stabilized soils was lower than in lime mixture combinations. However, minimum strength improves the solidification and retention of heavy metals effectively.
Review Study on Thermal Characteristics of Bell Nozzle used in Supersonic Engine
Authors: Guram Sejal , Jadhav Vidhanshu , Sawant Prasad , Mishra Ankit Kumar
Published: March 2023

The nozzle is an important component of the rocket motor system, and a rocket’s overall performance is highly reliant on its aerodynamic design. The nozzle contour can be meticulously shaped to improve performance significantly. The design and shape of rocket nozzles have evolved over the last several decades as a result of extensive research. The nozzle design is composed of two components, an integrated throat, an entry and an exit cone, and a thermal protection system. The Bell Nozzle is designed to provide clearance space for placing the ITE and exit cone, with a cone inflection angle of 16 and a thermal protection system. This paper intends to review and summarize all such developments. Small-scale engine testing allows for the analysis of rocket nozzle materials, but the history of nozzle surface temperature and thermal stress may be adversely affected by side effects. The review focuses primarily on the nozzle shape which has the largest radiative flux past the neck, but the nozzle shape has the highest heat flux in the throat due to the mass-flow rate per unit area. The distribution of nozzle wall pressure is strongly influenced by the Mach number of the injected secondary flow, leading to undesirable side loads. Finally, future development possibilities are suggested.