bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Church Social Responsibility Dengan Panduan ISO 26000 Dan Implikasinya Bagi Gereja
Authors: Perangin Angin Yakub Hendrawan , Yeniretnowati Tri Astuti
Published: March 2023

The term Church Social Responsibility in this study was borrowed from the term Corporate Social Responsibility, because the principles of CSR are in line with the principles contained in CSR based on the ISO 26000 standard, namely the Social Responsibility Guidelines. The practice of good church social responsibility has become not only an obligation but a necessity and even a necessity for the church now and in the future to implement good church social responsibility management. The ISO 26000 standard is recommended to be applied as a model in church governance in implementing good social responsibility because the criteria contained in it can lead the church to achieve good, healthy and effective governance of church social responsibility implementation by complying with the rules and Bible truth. This research was conducted by library research method. The results of this study show how very important and strategic it is for church leaders to be actively involved in the movement to carry out good church social responsibility. the context of the call and its services. Third, church leaders must be committed to starting to implement a model of implementing church social responsibility based on ISO 26000 guidelines, which is an easy and simple approach because it is based on the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) pattern.AbstrakIstilah Church Social Responsibility pada penelitian ini dipinjam dari istilah Corporate Social Responsibility, karena prinsip-prinsip dari CSR senada dengan prinsip yang terkandung dalam CSR berbasis standar ISO 26000 yaitu Panduan Tanggung Jawab Sosial. Praktik tanggung jawab sosial gereja yang baik sudah menjadi bukan hanya kewajiban tetapi keharusan bahkan kebutuhan bagi gereja saat ini dan masa mendatang untuk menerapkan manajemen tanggung jawab sosial gereja yang baik. Standar ISO 26000 disarankan untuk diterapkan sebagai model dalam tata kelola gereja dalam menerapkan tanggung jawab sosialnya yang baik karena kriteria yang terkandung di dalamnya dapat mengantarkan gereja mencapai tata kelola pelaksanaan tanggung jawab sosial gereja yang baik, sehat dan efektif dengan mematuhi aturan peraturan dan kebenaran Alkitab. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode riset pustaka. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan betapa sangat penting dan strategisnya pemimpin gereja untuk terlibat aktif dalam gerakan menjalankan tanggung jawab sosial  gereja yang baik. Kedua, pemimpin gereja sudah saatnya untuk berupaya keras menyadari dan memahami berbagai konsep model pelaksanaan tanggung jawab sosial gereja yang baik dan cocok sesuai kontek panggilan dan pelayanannya. Ketiga, pemimpin gereja harus komitmen untuk mulai menerapkan model pelaksanaan tanggung jawab sosial gereja berdasarkan panduan ISO 26000 yang pendekatannya mudah dan sederhana karena berbasiskan pola Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA).
Persepsi Mengucap Syukur Atas Kasih Karunia Allah Berdasarkan Teks 1 Korintus 1:4-9
Authors: Rusmanto Ayub , Rajagukguk Kerin , Sriwahyuni Sriwahyuni
Published: March 2023

Giving thanks is a positive attitude of believers who have received God's grace. This study explores the perception of giving thanks for God's grace based on the text of 1 Corinthians 1:4-9. In Paul's letter this helps strengthen, and evaluate the way of life of Christians in Corinth. Paul gave thanks based on the fact that he knew salvation came entirely from God. It is God who calls His people from spiritual death into His salvation. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method to explain how the text of 1 Corinthians 1:4-9 is aimed at helping to strengthen and evaluate the way of life of Corinthian Christians and Christians today. The result of the research is that Corinthian Christians have been called by God and can have confidence and know that it is God who calls for the grace that He has bestowed in Christ Jesus. Besides that, giving thanks for God's grace The congregation in Corinth is still relevant in the lives of today's believers.AbstrakMengucap syukur adalah sikap positif orang percaya yang telah menerima kasih karunia Tuhan. Penelitian ini menelusuri persepsi mengucap syukur atas kasih karunia Allah berdasarkan teks 1 Korintus 1:4-9.Dalam surat Paulus ini membantu menguatkan, dan mengevaluasi cara hidup orang Kristen di Korintus.  Paulus mengucap syukur didasarkan pada fakta bahwa dia tahu keselamatan sepenuhnya berasal dari Allah. Allahlah yang memanggil umat-Nya dari kematian rohani kedalam keselamatan-Nya. Metode yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskreptif untuk memaparkan bagaimana teks 1 Korintus 1:4-9 di tujukan membantu menguatkan dan mengevaluasi cara hidup orang Kristen Korintus dan orang Kristen masa kini. Hasil penelitian bahwa orang Kristen Korintus telah dipanggil oleh Allah dan dapat memiliki keyakinan dan mengetahui bahwa Allahlah yang memanggil atas kasih karunia yang telah dianugerahkan-Nya dalam Kristus Yesus. Selain itu, mengucap syukur atas kasih karunia Allah Jemaat di Korintus masih relevan dalam kehidupan orang percaya masa kini.
Inkarnasi Sebagai Dasar Pengembangan Kepemimpinan Gembala Sidang Berdasarkan Yohanes 1:14 Dan Filipi 2:5-11
Authors: Ajie Stefanus Yulli Sapto
Published: March 2023

Incarnation in writing this journal refers to the figure of the existence of Jesus Christ either personally the Lord Jesus or the work of the Lord Jesus. The essence of incarnation in the Lord Jesus Christ is understood according to John 1:14, the Lord Jesus as God the Son descended into the world to become human and then became the human savior, serving, training and forming human beings who have lost the image and likeness of God, to become similar and likeness to God again. Using a descriptive qualitative method with a literature study approach, it is found that the incarnation as the basis for the development of pastoral leadership based on John 1:14 and Philippians 2:5-11 has the highest motive, commitment, behavior and actions of Jesus, who was incarnated into a human context. Jesus did not become an authoritarian leader, but led with love, humility, integrity and a servant's heart. Jesus' leadership is ministry-based, so nothing is personal gain.AbstrakInkarnasi dalam penulisan jurnal ini menunjuk kepada sosok kepada keberadaan Yesus Kristus baik secara pribadi Tuhan Yesus atau karya Tuhan Yesus. Hakekat inkarnasi dalam diri Tuhan Yesus Kristus dipahami menurut Yohanes 1:14, Tuhan Yesus sebagai Allah Anak turun kedunia menjadi manusia kemudian menjadi juru selamat manusia, melayani, melatih dan membentuk manusia yang kehilangan gambar dan rupa Allah, menjadi kembali serupa dan segambar dengan Allah. Mengunakan metode kualitatif deskritif dengan pendekatan studi literature  didapatka bahwa  inkarnasi sebagai dasar pengembangan kepemimpinan gembala sidang berdasarkan Yohanes 1:14 dan Filipi 2:5-11 memiliki Motif tertinggi, komitmen, perilaku dan tindakan Yesus, yang berinkarnasi ke dalam konteks manusia. Yesus tidak menjadi seseorang pemimpin yang otoriter, melainkan memimpin dengan kasih, kerendahan hati, integritas serta berhati hamba. Kepemimpinan Yesus berbasis pelayanan, sehingga tidak ada hal yang bersifat menguntungkan pribadi.
Hemolysis detection for ethanol measurement in whole blood samples before centrifugation: HemCheck device evaluation
Authors: Zengi Oguzhan , Boz Meltem , Yesil Beyazıt , Gumus Alper
Published: March 2023

Background: As previously reported, the measurement of ethanol can also be affected by interference from hemolysis. This is a matter of concern since ethanol is widely regarded as the most commonly abused substance globally. When sample re-collection is ordered to eliminate hemolysis effects for ethanol testing, this can have unfavourable consequences for these patients. Rapid detection of hemolysed specimens would alleviate some issues associated with forensic samples. This study aimed to assess the qualitative analytical performance of a novel point-of-care testing device per the guidelines specified in CLSI-EP-12A document. HemCheck™ is a novel POCT device that qualitatively detects free-hemoglobin levels on the specimen shortly after drawing the sample. Methods: The system consists of two components. One is a cartridge with a needle that is used to transfer a small volume of whole blood from a vacuum tube to vertical and lateral flow filtration. The second component is the reader. The consumable cartridges are designed to be inserted into the reader without requiring the syringe or blood collection tube removal. A red indicator led illuminates, indicating that the sample has been hemolysed. To assess the imprecision of the method, we determined the C5-C95 interval and C50, using the Roche Cobas clinical chemistry analyser as the comparator. For this study, we utilised residual samples. Results: Our C50 concentrations were 45 mg/dL, the C5-C95 30 mg/dL and 60 mg/dL, respectively. Two methods reveal an overall agreement of 89.2%. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the study showed a positive agreement of 95.7% and a negative agreement of 80.0%. The calculated Cohen's Kappa value was 77.3%. Conclusion: According to current literature, a bias in ethanol levels can be noticed even with small free hemoglobin concentrations. When it came to forensic samples, this bias was crucial. Our study confirmed that the HemCheck device has acceptable analytical performance, as outlined in the CLSI-EP-12A document. Although the possible beneficial impacts of the innovative POCT hemolysis detection device on the preanalytical phase are proposed, we have not studied them in this study.
Sustainable finance: The relating actual Hungarian legislation in EU frame
Authors: Papp Tekla , Dúl János
Published: March 2023

In this paper, after a systematic presentation of the theoretical background of the European Union regulation, we examine the Hungarian regulation and legal practice (using the websites of five listed Hungarian companies and the Budapest Stock Exchange Corporate Governance Recommendations) in connection with the identification of shareholders by the company, the verifiability of the exercise of shareholder's rights, the remuneration policy and reporting of the public company limited by shares and the approval of legal transactions concluded with related party. We also focus on financial governance and certain viewpoints of product governance, with special attention to product approval process and the issue of greenwashing. We chose to emphasize these issues since one cannot find verbatim, translations of legal acts of European Union on these fields with respect to Hungarian legislation. The other reason is that there are available practical experiences in connection with them, therefore we reflect on different anomalies. Our aim is to highlight the need to transpose and implement a legal instrument with such wide-ranging implications as sustainable finance into a thoughtful and coherent set of rules that permeate the legal system.
Historical and contemporary geopolitical tendencies of the great powers with special reference to the security of the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Stajić Ljubomir , Mirković Vladan
Published: March 2023

Geopolitics explains the regularity of political action in international relations by finding the determinants of political decisions in geographical factors. The result of geopolitical thought are possible patterns of behavior of states in international relations which are used to explain past and present and predict future events. Starting from the basic principles of Mackinder's and Spykman's theory, the paper presents the historical and contemporary geopolitical tendencies of the Great Powers in Europe, with special reference to the territory where the modern Serbian state is located. At the end, we identified indicators of future development of the geopolitical situation with implications for the security of the Republic of Serbia could be predicted.
A groundbreaking win or a castle in the air?: The relevance of the Green Power v. Spain award in the EU-ISDS feud
Authors: Đajić Sanja
Published: March 2023

The EU and ISDS have been embroiled in an exhausting feud over intra-EU investment disputes which may still not reach its climax despite several dramatic and radical moves by the European Union and its Member States against the nearly unfettered resistance of the ISDS. Green Power v. Spain is the first international investment case in which the tribunal denied jurisdiction due to an incompatibility of the arbitration clause in the Energy Charter Treaty with EU law in light of the Achmea case, but also the first case where the rule of lex superior was employed to tip the scale in favour of EU law. The overview of the award will be presented against different backgrounds: massive investment case law uniformly denying intra-EU preliminary objections on one hand, and concerted actions of the EU and its Member States to construct a dam against intra-EU investment cases, on the other. The aim of this case note is to review the possible relevance of the Green Power v. Spain arbitral award and the argument that EU law is lex superior as a matter of international law, in pending and future intra-EU investment disputes, and to assess to what extent different factors, such as the seat and rules of arbitration and general rules of international law, molded the reasoning of the tribunal. The arbitral award is a meticulous decision with instructive arguments on how to situate supremacy of EU law within the law of treaties while navigating the rough waters of enduring conflicts amid different international agreements and between various levels of governance. Given that the tribunal offered a variety of reasons to uphold the applicability of EU law to determine jurisdiction, there is the distinct possibility that the award might have an impact on other investment tribunals.
Specificities of the employment position of the director in a business company
Authors: Jašarević Senad , Božičić Darko
Published: March 2023

Pitanje radnopravnog položaja direktora dugo privlači pažnju kako pravne teorije, tako i pravne prakse. Međutim, mnogi aspekti statusa direktora i dalje ostaju nerešeni. To je naročito karakteristično za njegov radnopravni položaj. Iz tog razloga, u radu su analizirana problemska pitanja pre svega u vezi sa angažovanjem direktora, a potom u vezi sa prestankom svojstva direktora i posledicama koje takav prestanak ima na socijalno-ekonomski položaj lica koje je vršilo funkciju direktora. Na kraju, sagledane su savremene tendencije u pogledu pojedinih klauzula koje su gotovo neizostavan deo sadržine ugovora kojim se uređuju međusobna prava, obaveze i odgovornosti između direktora i privrednog društva.
Análisis de red del Inventario de Crecimiento Postraumático (PTGI-X) en adultos peruanos con familiares fallecidos por COVID-19 en función del sexo
Authors: Ramos Vera Cristian
Published: March 2023

Network analysis of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI-X) in Peruvian adults with family members killed by COVID-19 as a function of sex
Abstract: Posttraumatic growth network structures were evaluated in males and females who lost a family member to COVID-19 to determine network variations according to sex. Six hundred sixty-nine Peruvian adults (M = 25.41, SD = 1.82) were included using the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-X (PTGI-X) self-report measure. Two Gaussian plot models of partial correlations were estimated through the qgraph statistical package. The most central network domain items were emotional expression, closeness to others, and greater understanding of life-death issues. The highest connections were reported for items on the measures of personal relationships, appreciation for life, and spiritual-existential change. Both network models were found to be invariant and showed no significant differences at the level of structure and connections, and a difference was reported at the score level on the existential-spiritual change subscale in women.
Keywords: Post-traumatic growth; COVID-19; death; grief; mental health; network analysis.
Resumen: Se evaluaron las estructuras de red del crecimiento postraumático en varones y mujeres que perdieron un familiar por COVID-19 para determinar las variaciones de red según sexo. Fueron incluidos 669 adultos peruanos (M = 25.41, DT = 1.82) mediante la medida de autoinforme de Postraumatic Growth Inventory-X (PTGI-X). Se estimaron dos modelos de gráfico gaussiano de correlaciones parciales a través del paquete estadístico qgraph. Los reactivos más centrales del dominio de red fueron la expresión emocional, cercanía a los demás y mayor comprensión de las cuestiones de vida-muerte. Las conexiones más altas se reportaron en los elementos de las medidas de relaciones personales, apreciación por la vida y cambio espiritual-existencial. Se encontró que ambos modelos de red eran invariantes y no mostraban diferencias significativas a nivel de estructura y de conexiones, y se reportó una diferencia a nivel de puntuación en la subescala de cambio existencial-espiritual en las mujeres.
Palabras clave: Crecimiento postraumático; COVID-19; muerte; duelo; salud mental; análisis de redes.
Insight into Parameters Influencing Wash Displacement Efficiency Through CFD Modeling
Authors: Phadke Amal C. , Hovda Lars , Gonuguntla Praveen
Published: March 2023

Jet-type perforate-wash-cement (P/W/C) is a relatively new well plugging technique that is more cost effective than the traditional casing milling method. ConocoPhillips has extensively used this technique in the Greater Ekofisk Area (GEA) over the last 10 years. In this method, Tubing Conveyed Perforating (TCP) guns perforate casing in the target interval before the zone is washed and a cross-sectional cement plug is installed using a specialized Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA). The BHA has nozzles in respective zones to separately spray wash fluid and cement during the operation. Tool translational (up and down movement) and rotational speeds, nozzle diameter, number of nozzles, nozzle angle, mud and cement properties, flow rates and nozzle pressure drop are the key governing parameters. In 2014, ConocoPhillips Norway launched a project to improve quality of wash and cement processes and since 2016 utilized Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for parametric optimization. The analysis significantly enhanced understanding of the fundamental processes involved, enabling improvement of the existing tool and processes. The focus of this paper is on how BHA rotational speed, nozzle diameter, and nozzle angle influence wash process efficiency. Deeper insight from CFD analysis on the influence of these parameters on the wash process is discussed in more detail in this paper. Updated wash and cement procedures and parameter values were introduced in 2017 based on CFD modeling and detailed in a best practice document. To date approximately 200 successful operations have been performed as per the best practice.
Classification of Single Point Moorings as Offshore Battery Charging Stations
Authors: Rousseau Joseph H. , Tomdio Jude
Published: March 2023

For vessels which operate offshore for extended periods, there has been industry interest in providing means to recharge the battery systems without repeated return to port. Solutions would ideally use renewably sourced power as opposed to onboard charging from diesel engines.

The electric charging buoy is a concept that has arisen based on existing technologies from the single point mooring (SPM) buoy. To support this innovation, we can draw from experience with offshore vessels, SPMs, and electrical transmission and storage systems as they relate to safety of personnel and assets at sea. The result has been the development of Classification requirements for charging buoys which address issues such as system design, operating philosophy, operations, testing and verification. Electrical safety and establishing connections in a marine environment are fundamental to deploying this technology.

Key factors include the buoy structure, power sources (e.g. onshore grid connection, offshore substation, offshore wind turbines), voltage ranges, power quality, maximum allowable current, and on-buoy systems such as transformers, converters, and cables. It is also important to address risks related to vessel profiles for connection time to the buoy and the environmental conditions which may be experienced.

This paper outlines the considerations for SPM-based charging and the process by which existing standards have been combined with established practice to develop criteria, including input from interested stakeholder organizations that are engaged in battery powered operations. The new Rules are presented along with their underlying goals. Readers will gain an understanding of the process and the importance of supporting innovation in the energy transition, from the design stage through construction and in-service surveys.
Modelagem do crescimento e produtividade de cultivares de soja sob condições de sequeiro e irrigação
Authors: Barbosa Wemerson Saulo da Silva , Lyra Guilherme Bastos , Souza Ivomberg Dourado Magalhães de , Souza José Leonaldo de , Teodoro Iêdo Peroba de Oliveira , Lopes Joyce Herculano , Santos José Wanderson Silva dos
Published: March 2023

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o ajuste de modelos semiempíricos de crescimento e a produtividade de cultivares de soja submetida a condições de irrigação e sequeiro no Estado de Alagoas. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos, o primeiro durante a estação seca de 14/11/2018 a 03/04/19 (140 dias), e o segundo na estação chuvosa de 20/06/19 a 28/10/2019 (130 dias) na região dos Tabuleiros Costeiros de Alagoas. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados e os tratamentos foram seis cultivares com diferentes grupos de maturação e hábitos de crescimento (M 6210, M 6410, BMX-Potência, AS 3730, M 8349 e BRS-9383). Foram avaliadas a altura das plantas, matéria seca e índice de área foliar (LAI). Os modelos logísticos, sigmoidal e pic log normal PHresentaram ajustes estatísticos significativos (p<0,05) para as variáveis de crescimento e coeficientes de determinação ajustado (R2ajs) máximo de 0,994 e 0,990, respectivamente. Os valores observados e estimados pelos modelos PHresentaram alta associação pelos índices de Pearson (r), Willmott (d) e baixo Erro Padrão de Estimativa (EPE). A cultivar BRS-9383 teve as maiores taxas de crescimento observados e estimados. Em condições de irrigação, os valores de altura de plantas máxima foram 98,45 e 110,35 cm, matéria seca máxima de 65,88 e 78,70 g e o LAI máximo de 7,68 e 7,60. Em sequeiro, a altura de plantas máxima foi 62,91 e 72,85 cm, matéria seca máxima de 40,0 e 44,91 g e o LAI máximo de 6,34 e 6,26. As maiores produtividades agrícola sob irrigação, foram de 6,19 e 5,90 Mg ha-1 nas cultivares AS 3730 e M 8349. Em sequeiro sobressaíram-se as cultivares M 6410 e M 8349 com produtividade de grãos de 3,60 e 3,30 Mg ha-1. Dessa forma, os modelos de crescimento podem ser utilizados para auxiliar a análise de crescimento em função dos dias após a semeadura.
A aplicação de boro em diferentes estádios da cultura da soja afetam sua produtividade?
Authors: Souza Eduardo  Schanoski de , Romam Matheus Silva , Schedenffeldt Bruna Ferrari , Medeiros Elias Silva de , Silva Paulo Vinicius da , Mauad Munir
Published: March 2023

A soja é uma das culturas anuais mais exigentes em boro (B), no entanto, existe uma divergência em relação sobre qual melhor estádio fenológico para efetuar essa aplicação via foliar. Logo, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a influência de diferentes épocas de aplicação foliar de B, com e sem parcelamento no florescimento, produtividade e componentes da produção da soja. Para tal, foi realizado um experimento em campo, o delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso, com sete épocas de aplicações foliares de B (testemunha, 100% 15 V4, 100% R1, 100% R3, 50% V4 + 50% R1, 50% V4 + 50% R3 e 50% R1 + 50% R3) e quatro repetições, totalizando 28 parcelas experimentais. Foram analisados o número de flores, número de canivete, teor de B nas plantas, peso de 1000 grãos (g) e a produtividade. O maior teor B foi observado com aplicações nos estádios V4 (50%) + R1 (50%) e V4 (50%) + R3 (50%) isto é, parte no estádio vegetativo e parte no estádio reprodutivo. A aplicação de B não resultou em diferença significativa em relação ao número de inflorescências por planta. Não houve efeito significativo das épocas de aplicação foliar de B para a variável de número de vagens por planta, número de inflorescências e produtividade. Para peso de 1000 grãos (g) foram encontrados maiores valores em V4, R1 e R3 e na testemunha. Portanto, a aplicação foliar de boro nos estádios V4 (50%) + R1 (50%) e V4 (50%) + R3 (50%) aumentou os níveis de B na planta, enquanto em R1+R3 proporcionou o maior número de canivetes. No entanto, não houve efeito da aplicação de boro para a produtividade de grãos independente da época de aplicação.
The application of 28-homocatasterone brassinosteroid reduces blossom end rot in ‘BRS Montese’ tomatoes
Authors: Gularte Paulo Sérgio , Zanardi Aquidauana Miqueloto , Miqueloto Tiago , Zanardi Odimar Zanuzo , Steffens Cristiano André , Amarante Cassandro Vidal Talamini do
Published: March 2023

We assessed the effect of 28-homocatasterone on xylem functionality and its relationship with blossom end rot (BER) occurrence and the quality of 'BRS Montese' tomatoes. Tomato plants were cultivated in a protected environment, with a semi-hydroponic system. During full flowering, open flowers were selected, marked, and pollinated. After two days, the flowers received the application of 28-homocatasterone at a concentration of 10-6 M or deionized water (control). Treatments were reapplied weekly up to 24 days after the first application (DAFA). At 24 DAFA, fruits were harvested and evaluated for fresh mass, texture (skin rupture and pulp penetration forces), skin color, xylem functionality, membrane permeability, apoplastic calcium concentration, and BER incidence. The application of 28-homocatasterone at 10-6 M did not increase the fresh mass nor change the fruits' texture attributes. However, 28-homocatasterone increased or kept xylem functionality, which was assicated with increased apoplastic calcium concentration and reduced BER occurrence in 'BRS Montese' tomatoes. Thus, the application of 10-6 M catasterone could be an alternative for BER control in tomatoes.
Estresse salino em genótipos de amendoim na fase inicial
Authors: Lessa Carla Ingryd Nojosa , Sousa Geocleber Gomes de , Sousa Henderson Castelo , Pereira Filho João Valdenor , Goes Geovana Ferreira
Published: March 2023

O estresse salino prejudica o desenvolvimento inicial da cultura do amendoim. Contudo, seus efeitos possuem intensidade que dependem de outros fatores, como as espécies ou cultivar. Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos do estresse salino no crescimento inicial de genótipos de amendoim. O experimento foi conduzido em estufa agrícola sob condições de vaso na Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira em Redenção/CE. Os tratamentos foram: dois níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (2,0 e 5,0 dS m-1); e cinco genótipos de amendoim (cultivar BR-1, Acesso 08, 28, 43 e 130). Foi implantado num esquema fatorial (2 × 5) sob delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco repetições. Aos 34 dias após a semeadura foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: número de folhas, altura de plantas, área foliar, diâmetro do caule, massa seca da parte aérea, condutividade elétrica do extrato de saturação do solo e o pH. A água de irrigação com condutividade de 5,0 dS m-1 reduz área foliar, altura de planta, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas e a matéria seca da parte aérea de genótipos de amendoim, cultivar BR-1, Acessos 08, 28, 43 e 130. Também eleva o pH e a condutividade elétrica do extrato de saturação, em relação à água de menor condutividade (2,0 dS m-1).
Detecção de resíduos de antimicrobianos em leite cru informal no centro-oeste de Minas Gerais
Authors: Andrade Sávio Henrique Silva de , Albuquerque Lethícia Costa Cunha Lara de , Acurcio Leonardo Borges
Published: March 2023

O objetivo do presente estudo consiste em avaliar a presença de resíduos de antimicrobianos em leite informal, comercializados em cidades interioranas, situação comumente encontrada nas cidades brasileiras, visto que a fiscalização sobre este tipo de produto é incipiente. Como estudo de caso, foram considerados os municípios de Arcos, Lagoa da Prata e Santo Antônio do Monte, no centro-oeste de Minas Gerais. Foram realizadas duas coletas em 22 pontos de venda informal em 2020. Para detecção dos resíduos de antimicrobianos foi utilizado o teste Trisensor®, onde pode ser observada a presença de três grupos de antimicrobianos: beta-lactâmicos, tetraciclinas e sulfonamidas. Após a realização das análises, observou-se resultados negativos para os grupos das tetraciclinas e sulfonamidas. Entretanto, ao se avaliar o grupo dos beta-lactâmicos, observou-se resultados positivos significativos, onde em um total de 44 amostras, 54,5% foram positivas para a presença de beta-lactâmicos (24 amostras). A alta incidência de resíduos de antimicrobianos nas amostras analisadas (54,5%), confirma a necessidade da vigilância acerca do produto que é comercializado, sendo de extrema importância a adoção de medidas rigorosas por parte dos órgãos fiscalizadores, pois a presença de resíduos de antimicrobianos no leite cru pode afetar direta e indiretamente a saúde.
TRAFFIC LIGHT SIMULATOR TO REDUCE VEHICLE CONGESTION
Authors: SOLAR MAURICIO
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT:
The total action traffic lights give their passing or green times according to the vehicular demand that circulates through a certain intersection. The problem they have is that when calibrating passing times, historical data related to the intersection is used, such as the number of vehicles that circulate in certain hours. These times are tested and calibrated again, when the traffic lights are already installed, which implies costs and time. For this, a software was developed to simulate the behavior of the vehicular flow in a certain intersection controlled by this type of traffic lights. The idea is to test through the simulator, the passing or green times before installing the programming in the traffic light itself. This article shows the design and implementation of a software to simulate the behavior of vehicular flow in an intersection controlled by total action traffic lights.

Keywords: Smart City, Congestión Vehicular, Semáforos, Simulador
Vectores, conexiones y creatividad
Authors: Massaguer Lluc
Published: March 2023

Conectar conceptos, profesionales y disciplinas es, a menudo, una habilidad sutil o que pasa desapercibida ya que, a pesar de ser imprescindible en el ámbito creativo, es poco tangible o cuantificable. Aun así, hay personas que, de manera natural o porque lo han trabajado, ven enlaces que son clave en el proceso creativo. Este artículo es un homenaje a los hilos invisibles, a las conexiones y a los caminos que trazamos entre vectores, tengan la forma que tengan.
The potential to improve air quality by increasing the use of deep geothermal energy
Authors: Hajto Marek , Kaczmarczyk Michał
Published: March 2023

Increasing the use of geothermal energy may be one of the tools bringing us closer to achieving the European Commission’s objective of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030. Air quality improvement plays a strategic role in achieving sustainable energy development. Both European and national legislation in this field is particularly comprehensive and effective, establishing rules for monitoring and preventing air pollution in order to avoid adverse effects on human health and the environment. Unfortunately, the effective air pollutions monitoring network currently in place in Poland, with 156 monitoring stations, mainly concerns agglomerations and cities with over 100,000 inhabitants. The lack of information on the state of pollution in smaller towns is a significant limitation in terms of research aimed at assessing the effects of corrective measures taken, such as the possible transformation of district heating systems based on RES, including the use of deep geothermal energy. This paper proposes some solutions which allow the effective estimation of air conditions in locations not covered by environmental monitoring, in the context of the potential to develop geothermal resources in the rich geothermal province of Central Poland.
Geophysical assessment for gold mineralization potential over the southern part of Kebbi State using aeromagnetic data
Authors: Augie Abdulrahaman Idris , Salako Kazeem Adeyinka , Rafiu Adewuyi Abdulwaheed , Jimoh Mufutau Owolabi
Published: March 2023

The magnetic signatures over the southern part of Kebbi State and its environs were analyzed together with the geological settings of the area to delineate the structures that may host gold mineralization. The aeromagnetic data used was the survey carried out by Fugro airborne surveys between 2005 and 2010 on behalf of the Federal Government of Nigeria. The reduction to equator (RTE), first and second vertical derivatives (FVD and SVD), Centre for Exploration Targeting (CET), analytic signal (AS), source parameter imaging (SPI) and tilt derivative (TDR) techniques were applied to the magnetic data covering the area. The results of the AS technique revealed that the study area is characterized with high amplitudes of magnetic anomalies (above 0.048 nT/m) and these could be of ferromagnetic minerals such as gold. The FVD, SVD, CET and TDR techniques also helped in delineating the lineaments (such as faults, fractures or shears zones) believed to be associated with alteration zones which play an important role in determining gold mineralized zones. The direction of the orientation of these features/lineaments trended in the NE-SW direction. The faults, fractures or shears zones delineated represent veins of possible mineralization. The depth of occurrence to the causative bodies using SPI algorithms was found to be below 137 m. Structures delineated within the area, when compared with the geological setting of the area, correspond to quartz-mica schist, granite, biotite, gneiss, diorite, medium coarse-grained and biotite hornblende granite. Results from these techniques revealed alteration zones that may host gold. These regions correspond to the following areas: SE parts of Yauri and Shanga, Fakai, Ngaski, Zuru, Magama, Rijau, and the eastern part of Wasagu/Danko and Bukkuyum.
Multilayer brain networks can identify the epileptogenic zone and seizure dynamics
Authors: Shahabi Hossein , Nair Dileep R , Leahy Richard M
Published: March 2023

Seizure generation, propagation, and termination occur through spatiotemporal brain networks. In this paper, we demonstrate the significance of large-scale brain interactions in high-frequency (80–200Hz) for the identification of the epileptogenic zone (EZ) and seizure evolution. To incorporate the continuity of neural dynamics, here we have modeled brain connectivity constructed from stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) data during seizures using multilayer networks. After introducing a new measure of brain connectivity for temporal networks, named multilayer eigenvector centrality (mlEVC), we applied a consensus hierarchical clustering on the developed model to identify the EZ as a cluster of nodes with distinctive brain connectivity in the ictal period. Our algorithm could successfully predict electrodes inside the resected volume as EZ for 88% of participants, who all were seizure-free for at least 12 months after surgery. Our findings illustrated significant and unique desynchronization between EZ and the rest of the brain in the early to mid-seizure. We showed that aging and the duration of epilepsy intensify this desynchronization, which can be the outcome of abnormal neuroplasticity. Additionally, we illustrated that seizures evolve with various network topologies, confirming the existence of different epileptogenic networks in each patient. Our findings suggest not only the importance of early intervention in epilepsy but possible factors that correlate with disease severity. Moreover, by analyzing the propagation patterns of different seizures, we demonstrate the necessity of collecting sufficient data for identifying epileptogenic networks.
Netrin-1 regulates the balance of synaptic glutamate signaling in the adult ventral tegmental area
Authors: Cline Marcella M , Juarez Barbara , Hunker Avery , Regiarto Ernesto G , Hariadi Bryan , Soden Marta E , Zweifel Larry S
Published: March 2023

The axonal guidance cue netrin-1 serves a critical role in neural circuit development by promoting growth cone motility, axonal branching, and synaptogenesis. Within the adult mouse brain, expression of the gene encoding (Ntn1) is highly enriched in the ventral midbrain where it is expressed in both GABAergic and dopaminergic neurons, but its function in these cell types in the adult system remains largely unknown. To address this, we performed viral-mediated, cell-type specific CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis of Ntn1 in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of adult mice. Ntn1 loss-of-function in either cell type resulted in a significant reduction in excitatory postsynaptic connectivity. In dopamine neurons, the reduced excitatory tone had a minimal phenotypic behavioral outcome; however, reduced glutamatergic tone on VTA GABA neurons induced behaviors associated with a hyperdopaminergic phenotype. Simultaneous loss of Ntn1 function in both cell types largely rescued the phenotype observed in the GABA-only mutagenesis. These findings demonstrate an important role for Ntn1 in maintaining excitatory connectivity in the adult midbrain and that a balance in this connectivity within two of the major cell types of the VTA is critical for the proper functioning of the mesolimbic system.
Non-invasive real-time genomic monitoring of the critically endangered kākāpō
Authors: Urban Lara , Miller Allison K , Eason Daryl , Vercoe Deidre , Shaffer Megan , Wilkinson Shaun P , Jeunen Gert-Jan , Gemmell Neil J , Digby Andrew
Published: March 2023

We used non-invasive real-time genomic approaches to monitor one of the last surviving populations of the critically endangered kākāpō (
Strigops habroptilus
). We first established an environmental DNA metabarcoding protocol to identify the distribution of kākāpō and other vertebrate species in a highly localized manner using soil samples. Harnessing real-time nanopore sequencing and the high-quality kākāpō reference genome, we then extracted species-specific DNA from soil. We combined long read-based haplotype phasing with known individual genomic variation in the kākāpō population to identify the presence of individuals, and confirmed these genomically informed predictions through detailed metadata on kākāpō distributions. This study shows that individual identification is feasible through nanopore sequencing of environmental DNA, with important implications for future efforts in the application of genomics to the conservation of rare species, potentially expanding the application of real-time environmental DNA research from monitoring species distribution to inferring fitness parameters such as genomic diversity and inbreeding.
A parabrachial to hypothalamic pathway mediates defensive behavior
Authors: Wang Fan , Chen Yuge , Lin Yuxin , Wang Xuze , Li Kaiyuan , Han Yong , Wu Jintao , Shi Xingyi , Zhu Zhenggang , Long Chaoying , Hu Xiaojun , Duan Shumin , Gao Zhihua
Published: March 2023

Defensive behaviors are critical for animal’s survival. Both the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) and the parabrachial nucleus (PBN) have been shown to be involved in defensive behaviors. However, whether there are direct connections between them to mediate defensive behaviors remains unclear. Here, by retrograde and anterograde tracing, we uncover that cholecystokinin (CCK)-expressing neurons in the lateral PBN (LPBCCK) directly project to the PVN. By in vivo fiber photometry recording, we find that LPBCCK neurons actively respond to various threat stimuli. Selective photoactivation of LPBCCK neurons promotes aversion and defensive behaviors. Conversely, photoinhibition of LPBCCK neurons attenuates rat or looming stimuli-induced flight responses. Optogenetic activation of LPBCCK axon terminals within the PVN or PVN glutamatergic neurons promotes defensive behaviors. Whereas chemogenetic and pharmacological inhibition of local PVN neurons prevent LPBCCK-PVN pathway activation-driven flight responses. These data suggest that LPBCCK neurons recruit downstream PVN neurons to actively engage in flight responses. Our study identifies a previously unrecognized role for the LPBCCK-PVN pathway in controlling defensive behaviors.
Measurement error associated with gait cycle selection in treadmill running at various speeds
Authors: Fox Aaron S. , Bonacci Jason , Warmenhoven John , Keast Meghan F.
Published: March 2023

A common approach in the biomechanical analysis of running technique is to average data from several gait cycles to compute a ‘representative mean.’ However, the impact of the quantity and selection of gait cycles on biomechanical measures is not well understood. We examined the effects of gait cycle selection on kinematic data by: (i) comparing representative means calculated from varying numbers of gait cycles to ‘global’ means from the entire capture period; and (ii) comparing representative means from varying numbers of gait cycles sampled from different parts of the capture period. We used a public dataset (n = 28) of lower limb kinematics captured during a 30-second period of treadmill running at three speeds (2.5 m s−1, 3.5 m s−1 and 4.5 m s−1). ‘Ground truth’ values were determined by averaging data across all collected strides and compared to representative means calculated from random samples (1,000 samples) of n (range = 5–30) consecutive gait cycles. We also compared representative means calculated from n (range = 5–15) consecutive gait cycles randomly sampled (1,000 samples) from within the same data capture period. The mean, variance and range of the absolute error of the representative mean compared to the ‘ground truth’ mean progressively reduced across all speeds as the number of gait cycles used increased. Similar magnitudes of ‘error’ were observed between the 2.5 m s−1 and 3.5 m s−1 speeds at comparable gait cycle numbers —where the maximum errors were < 1.5 degrees even with a small number of gait cycles (i.e., 5–10). At the 4.5 m s−1 speed, maximum errors typically exceeded 2–4 degrees when a lower number of gait cycles were used. Subsequently, a higher number of gait cycles (i.e., 25–30) was required to achieve low errors (i.e., 1–2 degrees) at the 4.5 m s−1 speed. The mean, variance and range of absolute error of representative means calculated from different parts of the capture period was consistent irrespective of the number of gait cycles used. The error between representative means was low (i.e., < 1.5 degrees) and consistent across the different number of gait cycles at the 2.5 m s−1 and 3.5 m s−1 speeds, and consistent but larger (i.e., up to 2–4 degrees) at the 4.5 m s−1 speed. Our findings suggest that selecting as many gait cycles as possible from a treadmill running bout will minimise potential ‘error.’ Analysing a small sample (i.e., 5–10 cycles) will typically result in minimal ‘error’ (i.e., < 2 degrees), particularly at lower speeds (i.e., 2.5 m s−1 and 3.5 m s−1). Researchers and clinicians should consider the balance between practicalities of collecting and analysing a smaller number of gait cycles against the potential ‘error’ when determining their methodological approach. Irrespective of the number of gait cycles used, we recommend that the potential ‘error’ introduced by the choice of gait cycle number be considered when interpreting the magnitude of effects in treadmill-based running studies.
Size-age population structure of an endangered and anthropogenically introgressed northern Adriatic population of marble trout (Salmo marmoratus Cuv.): insights for its conservation and sustainable exploitation
Authors: Polgar Gianluca , Iaia Mattia , Sala Paolo , Khang Tsung Fei , Galafassi Silvia , Zaupa Silvia , Volta Pietro
Published: March 2023

Salmonid species are main actors in the Italian socio-ecological landscape of inland fisheries. We present novel data on the size-age structure of one of the remnant Italian populations of the critically endangered marble trout Salmo marmoratus, which co-occurs with other stocked non-native salmonids in a large glacial river of the Lake Maggiore basin (Northern Italy-Southern Switzerland). Like other Italian native trout populations, the Toce River marble trout population is affected by anthropogenic introgression with the non-native brown trout S. trutta. Our sample includes 579 individuals, mainly collected in the Toce River main channel. We estimated the length-weight relationship, described the population size-age structure, estimated the age-specific growth trajectories, and fit an exponential mortality model. A subset of the sample was also used to measure numerical and biomass density. The estimated asymptotic maximum length is ~105 cm total length (TL). Mean length at first maturity is ~55 cm TL, and mean length at maximum yield per recruit is ~68 cm TL. Approximately 45–70% of the population are estimated to die annually, along with a fishing annual mortality of ~37%, with an exploitation ratio of ~0.5. The frequency distribution of length classes in a sample collected by angling shows that ~80% of the individuals that could be retained according to the current recreational fishing regulations likely never reproduced, and large fish disproportionally contributing to recruitment are fished and retained. We identify possible overfishing risks posed by present regulations, and propose updated harvest-slot length limits to mitigate such risks. More detailed and long-term datasets on this system are needed to more specifically inform the fishery management and monitor the effects of any change in the management strategy on the size-age structure of the marble trout population of the Toce River.