bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A 45-year follow-up study of juvenile schizophrenia. Part IV: clinical status and level of social adaptation 5 years after the first hospitalization in the context of disease course and long-term social functioning of patients
Authors: Ślosarczyk Mariusz , Ślosarczyk Katarzyna , Furgał Mariusz
Published: August 2020

Cel pracy

W literaturze przedmiotu rzadko spotyka się badania nad predyktorami przebiegu schizofrenii młodzieńczej, zwłaszcza oparte na danych pochodzących z długoterminowych katamnez. W naszej analizie badamy zależności pomiędzy stanem klinicznym i poziomem adaptacji społecznej w 5 lat po pierwszej hospitalizacji a wskaźnikami klinicznymi i społecznymi przebiegu choroby.

Metoda

69 pacjentów hospitalizowanych w wieku średnio 16 lat (punkt 0) z powodu schizofrenii (rediagnozowanej retrospektywnie wg kryteriów ICD-10) i powtórnie zbadanych w 5 lat później (punkt 1 – badanie osobiste dotyczyło 41 osób) zostało po raz kolejny poddanych ocenie pod kątem parametrów klinicznych i społecznych w 45 lat po wyjściowej hospitalizacji (punkt 2 – badanie osobiste dotyczyło 21 osób). Poza badaniem osobistym korzystano także z innych metod zbierania danych, w tym także z kwerend szpitalnych.

Wyniki

Obraz kliniczny schizofrenii w 5 lat po pierwszej hospitalizacji opisywany poprzez nasilenie psychopatologii, a także poprzez inne parametry stanu klinicznego (m. in. wgląd, poprawa kliniczna, zdolności relacyjne, GAF) ujawnił liczne i różnorodne korelacje zarówno z obrazem objawowym i klinicznym przebiegiem schizofrenii w 45 lat po pierwszej hospitalizacji, jak i odległym funkcjonowaniem społecznym badanych. Duże znaczenie rokownicze w analizach ujawniły również poziom psychotycznej nawrotowości, obecność tendencji autoagresywnych oraz jakość adaptacji szkolnej i zawodowej oceniane w punkcie 1.

Wnioski

Poziom funkcjonowania osiągnięty przez pacjenta w obszarach klinicznym i społecznym w ciągu 5 pierwszych lat po wyjściowej hospitalizacji okazał się istotnym czynnikiem prognostycznym w schizofrenii młodzieńczej.
Ultrastructural studies of sensilla in one fly of forensic importance
Authors: Carriço Cesar , Caetano Rebecca Leal , Nascimento Thalyta Maria de Souza , Pinto Zeneida Teixeira
Published: August 2020

Taxonomic identification is essential in the field of forensic entomology. Insects are important in the decomposition of cadavers. The flies are generally attracted to cadavers and one of the most important contributions is to estimate the postmortem interval. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which allows rapid and accurate identification of different species of forensics flies, has been highlighted as it allows better visualization of the external morphology of immature and some adults. The purpose of this study was to examine in details the morphological aspects of sensilla on the antennae of female and male of Xanthacrona bipustulata Wulp using SEM, since many of them could not be observed just by the use of light microscopy.
Review of literature on green consumer behaviour over 25 years (1994-2018)
Authors: ShabbirHusain RV
Published: August 2020

The objective of this paper is to present a review and classification of academic work done on consumer behaviour in the green marketing domain over a 25-year period. Suitable keywords were used for identifying articles in top rated journals between the years 1994 and 2018. Two hundred
and sixty-seven articles cleared the filtering criteria. These articles were analysed for their year of publication, publication outlet, authorship, article impact, geographical distribution of sample, frequently used theories, keywords, and products used for study. Studies were also classified
on their primary themes and the underlying theories therein were presented. This research provides various indicators to researchers intending to work in the area of exploring consumer behaviour for green offerings.
Dynamically controlled random lasing with colloidal titanium carbide MXene
Authors: Wang Zhuoxian , Azzam Shaimaa I. , Meng Xiangeng , Alhabeb Mohamed , Chaudhuri Krishnakali , Maleski Kathleen , Kim Young L. , Kildishev Alexander V. , Shalaev Vladimir M. , Gogotsi Yury , Boltasseva Alexandra
Published: August 2020

Control of lasing properties through tailorable and dynamically tunable materials and reconfigurable compositions can augment the performance of random lasers for a wide range of applications. Here, a colloid of randomly dispersed weakly scattering single-layer titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx) MXene flakes embedded within rhodamine 101 gain medium is experimentally shown to provide feedback for random lasing. Additionally, in contrast to previously reported random laser systems where the optical properties of scatterers are static, the relative permittivity of Ti3C2Tx MXene flakes can be varied under optical pumping due to the saturable absorption properties. Numerical simulations indicate that the observed nonlinear response of Ti3C2Tx MXene flakes enables dynamically tunable random lasing. Thus, pumping the Ti3C2Tx MXene flakes with a second optical source decreases the gain threshold required to obtain random lasing. Also, using numerical simulations, it is shown that the control over the intensity of the second pump enables tuning the field distribution of the random lasing modes. Considering the diversity of the MXenes family, the proposed MXene colloidal metamaterial design opens up a new avenue to advanced control of lasing properties for photonic applications.
Few-layered α-Fe2O3 nanoflake saturable absorber for stable MIR pulse generation
Authors: Dong Li , Chu Hongwei , Li Ying , Zhao Shengzhi , Li Guiqiu , Li Dechun
Published: August 2020

Hematite (α-Fe2O3), as one of the most prevalent transition metal oxides (TMOs) on the Earth, has been the hot spot of intense research for recent decades. Understanding the optical signatures in hematite is essential for the design of α-Fe2O3-based devices in the photoelectrochemical and photonic fields. In the present work, we successfully synthesized hematite nanoflakes by the facile oil bath method. The small signal transmission of the prepared few-layered hematite nanoflakes was 76% and the modulation depth was determined as 11.2%. Subsequently, the α-Fe2O3 nanoflakes were successfully implemented as the saturable absorber in a passively Q-switched Tm:YLF laser around 2 µm. The achieved shortest pulse duration was 293 ns. The long-term pulse-pulse fluctuation was < 3% in root-mean square error (RMSE), indicating the Q-switching pulses are highly stable. The present work will assist in understanding the nonlinear optical features and their interpretation in stable Q-switching pulses generation.
Do low vitamin D levels facilitate renal parenchymal injury?
Authors: Bekdas Mervan , Calıskan Billur , Karabork Seyda , Acar Seher , Kabakus Nimet
Published: August 2020

Background Decreased vitamin D levels lead to an increase in infectious diseases, including urinary tract infections (UTIs).

Objective To assess serum vitamin D levels in children with renal parenchymal injury secondary to UTIs.

Methods Forty-three upper UTI patients and 24 controls, aged 1–15 years, were included.  Vitamin D levels and other laboratory tests were obtained when they first admitted to hospital. 99mTc-labeled dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scans were performed to evaluate renal parenchymal injury.

Results Mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was lower in the upper UTI group compared to the control group [18 (SD 9) vs. 23 (SD 10.6) ng/mL, respectively; P=0.045]. The upper UTI group was sub-divided into two groups, those with 22 (51.1%) and without 21 (48.8%) renal parenchymal injury. Mean 25(OH)D was significantly lower in patients with renal parenchymal injury [15.1 (SD 7.1) vs. 21 (SD 9.9) ng/mL, respectively; P=0.03]. The renal parenchymal injury cases were further sub-divided into two groups: 8 patients (36.3%) with acute renal parenchymal injury and 14 (63.6%) with renal scarring (RS), but there was no significant difference in 25(OH)D between these two groups [12.5 (SD 8.9) vs. 16.6 (SD 5.7) ng/mL, respectively; P=0.14).

Conclusion Decreased vitamin D is associated with renal parenchymal injury in children with upper UTIs. However, vitamin D is not significantly decreased in renal scarring patients compared to acute renal parenchymal injury patients.
EXPERT EVALUATIONS OF LIVING CONDITIONS OF MIGRANTS LIVING AND WORKING IN RUSSIA
Authors: Surtaeva Olga V.
Published: August 2020

Because living and working conditions of migrants of the Asian borderland of Russia affect the level of social security and international and inter-ethnic relations in the Russian regions, there is a need in a deep sociological analysis of these conditions. In 2019 we have performed a sociological research in six Russian border regions (the Altai and Khabarovsk regions, Amour, Astrakhan and Volgograd oblasts and the Republic of Tyva) including expert evaluations in the form of standardized interviews among leaders of national-cultural associations (n=130). The article describes results of the factor analysis on pooling data and separate regional sub-samples. It was found that factorial structures vary significantly in different regions. The least complicated structure was revealed in the Republic of Tyva (only 2 factors), the most diverse – in the Astrakhan oblast (4 factors). In other regions the three-factor structure was the most relevant, while the united data was described with the four-factor solution. The description and analysis of the factor structures obtained may be used for elaboration of effective strategies of adaptation and integration of migrants into receiving societies of regions, covered by the research, and for justifying measures of migration policy of the Russian Federation.
THE CHANGE OF POLITICAL REGIME IN KYRGYZSTAN: THE REASONS AND CONSEQUENCES
Authors: Aytiev Shukhrat A.
Published: August 2020

This article analyzes the features of political regime as a way of functioning of the society's political system, its role in the post-revolutionary period of formation and development of the Kyrgyz statehood. Many of the pending issues, such as ethno-nationalism, separation of parties on a regional basis, increasing unemployment, inflation, weak, non-developing economy, and security problems of the country citizens increasing in recent years, as well as the possible political consequences of unresolved problems are specified. The author sets out his own opinion regarding the prospects and ways of the country development in the context of the post-revolutionary situation.
DYNAMICS OF ATTITUDES OF POPULATION LIVING IN THE ALTAI KRAI TOWARDS INTER-ETHNIC RELATIONS AND MIGRATION SITUATION IN THE REGION
Authors: Shakhova Ekaterina V. , Sheglova Daria K.
Published: August 2020

Migration issues are today one of most discussed and acute. Attention towards migration processes increases with its growing magnitude and consequences, having positive and negative character. International migration has acquired greater prominence in border regions of Russia where it become related to inter-ethnic relations. The article presents the results of a multi-year sociological survey (2016-2020, n = 6250), aimed at studying the migration situation and the social integration of representatives of different ethnic groups living in the Altai region. Especially, attitudes of population towards migration, migrants and migration policy, ethnic relations, tendencies and different aspects of changes in these attitudes are in the focus of the analysis.
SOCIAL NETWORKS IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIAL CAPITAL: A REVIEW OF FOREIGN THEORETICAL APPROACHES
Authors: Lastovkina Darya A.
Published: August 2020

Currently, society lives in the conditions of continuous expansion of the communication space. This is manifested in the transformation of old and the emergence of new types of interaction of individuals in the economic, political, social, spiritual spheres of society. The study of social networks is an actively developing area in theoretical sociology, and the concept of social networks is the most natural in the description and construction of a social structure. In a broad sense, a social network is understood as many points (members of a social system), to a greater or lesser extent, related to each other. In this article we will illustrate the main stages of the evolution of the concept of “social network” in the works of foreign researchers. Let's take a closer look at foreign theoretic approaches to the study of social networks as a structural element of social capital. In the conclusion of our analysis, we will list the main characteristic features of a social network, on the basis of which we will formulate a generalized definition of this phenomenon.
Ökologie / Spiritualität - Öko-Spiritualität
Authors: Hock Klaus
Published: August 2020

Die Grenzen zwischen Ökologie und Spiritualität sind nach einer längeren Phase der Differenzierung - wieder - porös geworden: Zwischen Gruppen, die primär auf ökologisches Wirtschaften ausgerichtet sind und solchen, die zu den weltanschaulichen Implikationen ihrer Produktions- und Lebensweise auch spirituelle bzw. religiöse Dimensionen zählen, sind vielfältige Übergänge und Allianzen zu finden. Religionshybride Imprägnierungen zeichnen sich insbesondere im biologisch-dynamischen Sektor ab, wo Rudolf Steiners »anthroposophische« Melange aus Theosophie und Christentum unter dem Demeter-Label mehr oder weniger kenntlich bleibt. Auch die an sich nicht spirituell ausgelegte Permakultur erfährt bisweilen religionshybride Lesarten. Aus religionswissenschaftlicher Perspektive lässt sich dabei die Entstehung eines erweiterten »religiösen Feldes« (Bourdieu) beobachten, einer fluiden Sphäre, in der die Frage nach dem Verhältnis zwischen beiden Bereichen grundsätzlich offen gehalten wird.
Das Antlitz des Leviathan
Authors: Mauelshagen Franz
Published: August 2020

Wie weit reicht die Staatsmacht in der Krise? In den aktuellen Debatten wird das Notstandsregime von Maßnahmen gegen das Coronavirus (zu) oft mit autoritären Regierungsformen in Verbindung gebracht. Weitgehend vergessen scheint die lange Tradition der europäischen Seuchengeschichte, insbesondere im Umgang mit der Pest. Sie verlief nicht nur parallel zur Bildung moderner Staaten, sondern spielte auch eine zentrale Rolle in dem im Entstehen begriffenen Bereich der »öffentlichen Gesundheit« als Anliegen des Staates. Die Einbeziehung des im Entstehen begriffenen »Leviathans« (Hobbes) in die öffentliche Gesundheit zeigte einige erstaunliche Erfolge, insbesondere bei der Bekämpfung der Pest. In der Corona-Krise kann man nicht nur beobachten, wie der Ausnahmezustand von Autokraten und Rechtspopulisten dazu benutzt wird, demokratische Institutionen zu untergraben. Man kann auch ein fatales Regierungsversagen in Ländern wie den Vereinigten Staaten beobachten, wo das Vertrauen in den Staat seit Jahrzehnten von einflussreichen Gruppen oder Parteien untergraben wird.
Projetos de Trabalho e uso de Paradidáticos no processo ensino e aprendizagem em Filosofia no 6º ano no Ensino Fundamental na Educação Básica
Authors: Costa Cristiane Alvares , Dos Anjos Elisa Maria
Published: August 2020

O presente estudo teve por objetivo investigar a aplicabilidade de Projetos de Trabalho e uso de Paradidáticos no processo de ensino aprendizagem no conhecimento de Filosofia de Filosofia na Educação Básica, realizada no município de São Luís-Maranhão no ano de 2018. Buscamos realizar um estudo de abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa. Trata-se de um relato de experiência, fundamentado por um estudo bibliográfico, para fornecer suporte teórico a nossa proposição. Esperamos contribuir com a temática no sentido de propor a discussão de diferentes possibilidades de leitura, pesquisa por meio de textos filosóficos, paradidáticos, possibilitando trabalhar em diferentes áreas do conhecimento de forma interdisciplinar. Para fundamentar o estudo em questão nos reportamos a Lipmam (1994), Cerletti (2009), Hernandez (1998), Antunes (2004), Munakata (1997), entre outros. O estudo em questão torna-se pertinente por possibilitar que os alunos leiam textos filosóficos, articulando-os a aspectos do dia a dia; reflexão sobre o sentido da disciplina no mundo contemporâneo; e valorização de experiências e vivências em grupo
Ciência do Desporto na perspectiva de Jorge Bento para a formação de professores de Educação Física
Authors: Sobreira Vickele , Lení Nista-Piccolo Vilma , Wey Moreira Wagner
Published: August 2020

Duas interrogações iniciais propiciaram a redação deste escrito: 1- É possível entender o Desporto de forma mais abrangente, superando a visão simplista de mera prática de modalidade esportiva? 2- Dar nova dimensão ao Desporto pode propiciar, na formação profissional em Educação Física, a busca de um sentido humano mais adequado? A partir destas questões, este estudo relaciona a Ciência do Desporto com a formação profissional em Educação Física, numa visão ampliada e de uma axiologia humanista, calcado em estudos realizados por  Jorge Olímpio Bento, e teóricos dessa área que se apoiaram em suas reflexões. Com a proposta de contribuir com a produção de conhecimento, contextualizado e crítico, em Educação Física, esse artigo se pauta na Ciência do Desporto advogada pela Faculdade do Desporto da Universidade do Porto.
Possibilities of drug therapy for vascular cognitive impairment: a critical view and possible compromises
Authors: Emelin A. Yu. , Lobzin V. Yu.
Published: August 2020

To manage patients with vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is an extremely difficult task, since drug therapy algorithms have not been elaborated, whereas the prescription of most drugs has not always been pathogenetically justified. Today, both our country and foreign countries have no uniform standards for VCI treatment, and the choice of drugs in everyday clinical practice is largely determined by a physician’s personal experience. The paper discusses main areas in the drug treatment of VCI and provides a detailed analysis of studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of basic drugs used to correct cognitive deficit. The basic anti-dementia medications (akatinol memantine and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors) recommended as mandatory treatment have been identified. The remaining groups of drugs are proposed to be used in combination therapy as add-on treatment, by taking into account individual indications. It is concluded that add-on investigations are needed to select the treatment algorithm differentiated preferably for different clinical and pathogenic VCI variants, which should also consider not only the features of clinical manifestations, but also the magnitude of structural and functional changes in the cerebral vessels and brain matter.
The syndrome of transient headache and neurologic deficits with cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis (HaNDL): a description of three patients
Authors: Kulesh A. A. , Starikova N. L. , Drobakha V. E. , Brokhin L. Yu. , Chubarov A. S.
Published: August 2020

Three clinical cases of the syndrome of transient headache and neurologic deficits with cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis (HaNDL) are first described in Russian literature. The patients were young (aged 30–35 years), had symptoms characteristic of the prodromal period of infections. In all the patients, the disease started with intense headache, followed by focal neurological symptoms: aphasia and hemihypesthesia in all cases and confusion with psychomotor agitation in two cases. All the three patients showed spontaneous recovery within 2–3 days. Perfusion computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and electroencephalography are compared in one of the cases. The differential diagnosis of HaNDL with acute cerebrovascular accident, herpetic encephalitis, epilepsy, and migraine is discussed.
Javanese Cultural Paradoxism: A Visual Semiotics Study on Wayang Purwa Characters of Satria and Raseksa Figures
Authors: Subiyantoro Slamet , Kristiani Kristiani , Wijaya Yasin Surya
Published: August 2020

This study aims to explore the paradoxical character values on visual semiotics wayang purwa of Raseksa and Satria profiles. Satria and Raseksa figures were selected using a purposive sampling technique, through wayang Pandavas and Kuravas. The study was designed with qualitative research approach; the data were collected using the techniques of interviews, observation, and document analysis. The data were analyzed following the steps of data reduction, data display, and verification. The results of the research revealed that in wayang, the Raseksa and Satria figures represent a paradoxical representation of both the external structure and the inner structure. The outer structure is in the form of wayang purwa visual elements, which turns out to be the opposite shape from both Pandavas and Kuravas figures. The inner structure is more about the inseparable meaning and value from the outer structure. In semiotics, the visual element (outer structure) of Pandavas and Kuravas figures can be represented or interpreted based on their values and meanings (inner structure) in addition to show a conflict of meaning. The paradoxical cultural value in Javanese culture is essentially learning experienced-based humanity values manifested through puppet characters. This is exemplified by the Islamic example of the Prophet Muhammad and its mandatory and impossible natures.  The wayang Satria may represent the obligatory nature (good character), and wayang Raseksa represent the impossible (bad character) of humans.
Mimicry and Hybridity of “Congrock Musik 17” in Semarang
Authors: Sunarto Sunarto , Sejati Irfanda Rizki Harmono , Utomo Udi
Published: August 2020

Keroncong, a slow and crooning music, serves as the art and culture that reflects Indonesian identities. This music style still exists today, particularly in Semarang that is widely known as an urban area. The resistance of such music is actualized with the process of mimicry and hybridity of keroncong and rock music, causing pros and cons that lead to a crisis. The performed mimicry and hybridity is a negotiation in identity construction that takes place in ambivalent behavior as a strategy to survive from the crisis. Building an identity of Congrock (keroncong and rock) is carried out to explore the mediation form in the third space, enabling the outlining of the position of Congrock identity in Semarang. A case study, an art research method, and historical reading were employed to interpret the existing phenomenon. The result indicated that the Congrock identity was the result of mimicry and hybridity that was formed due to the hegemony in Indonesia. Mimicry and hybridity had become the most important point because they took place in an urban area, such as Semarang. The integration of local and global cultures in Congrock generated a new identity in society as the third space and created a gray zone in Congrock, i.e., the area between the form of imitation and cross-cultural music integration. The position of Congrock in Semarang became a symbol of freedom in negotiating locality while partially articulating modernity.
Análisis de la actividad apícola en Huajuapan de León, Oaxaca
Authors: Luna Rivera Israel , Flores Castillo Lilia Alejandra , Paz Calderón Yannet
Published: August 2020

El principal propósito del estudio es mostrar el panorama actual de la actividad apícola del municipio de la Heroica Ciudad de Huajuapan de León, Oaxaca, con el objetivo de analizar las problemáticas que se presentan en la cadena productiva. La presente investigación se realizó con una metodología cualitativa, diseño no experimental de corte trasversal descriptivo, mediante la aplicación de entrevistas a profundidad y semiestructuradas a apicultores del municipio, con base en las herramientas del enfoque de Sistemas Agroalimentarios Localizados. Los resultados muestran que las micro y pequeñas empresas apícolas tienen procesos de producción rudimentarios, carencias en el envasado, nula cohesión entre los productores, falta de prácticas administrativas y contables, en conjunto, aspectos que dificultan su desarrollo. En forma de conclusión se puede decir que, ante la falta de profesionalización, las acciones realizadas han sido insuficientes; por tal motivo, resulta necesario implementar un enfoque de crecimiento centrado en la planeación estratégica, para cada una de las micro y pequeñas empresas, el cual permita una mayor competitividad de estas.
Atrioventricular Block in Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome
Authors: Dionne Audrey , Mah Douglas Y. , Son Mary Beth F. , Lee Pui Y. , Henderson Lauren , Baker Annette L. , de Ferranti Sarah D. , Fulton David R. , Newburger Jane W. , Friedman Kevin G.
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND:

Children are at risk for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) after infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Cardiovascular complications, including ventricular dysfunction and coronary dilation, are frequent, but there are limited data on arrhythmic complications.

METHODS:

Retrospective cohort study of children and young adults aged ≤21 years admitted with MIS-C. Demographic characteristics, electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiogram findings, and hospital course were described.

RESULTS:

Among 25 patients admitted with MIS-C (60% male; median age 9.7 [interquartile range 2.7–15.0] years), ECG anomalies were found in 14 (56%). First-degree atrioventricular block (AVB) was seen in 5 (20%) patients a median of 6 (interquartile range 5–8) days after onset of fever and progressed to second- or third-degree AVB in 4 patients. No patient required intervention for AVB. All patients with AVB were admitted to the ICU (before onset of AVB) and had ventricular dysfunction on echocardiograms. All patients with second- or third-degree AVB had elevated brain natriuretic peptide levels, whereas the patient with first-degree AVB had a normal brain natriuretic peptide level. No patient with AVB had an elevated troponin level. QTc prolongation was seen in 7 patients (28%), and nonspecific ST segment changes were seen in 14 patients (56%). Ectopic atrial tachycardia was observed in 1 patient, and none developed ventricular arrhythmias.

CONCLUSIONS:

Children with MIS-C are at risk for atrioventricular conduction disease, especially those who require ICU admission and have ventricular dysfunction. ECGs should be monitored for evidence of PR prolongation. Continuous telemetry may be required in patients with evidence of first-degree AVB because of risk of progression to high-grade AVB.
Trazando fronteras: reflexiones sociológicas sobre la constitución de los expertos y el saber experto en los casos de la Dietología y la Cancerología en Argentina (1920-1940)
Authors: Buschini José
Published: August 2020

Este artículo analiza aspectos vinculados con el modo en que la profesión médica expandió su influencia en la Argentina, desde una preocupación puntual referida al papel de los expertos y el saber experto en la configuración de prácticas sociales. Con ese fin, se concentra en el establecimiento y consolidación institucional de dos campos intelectuales y especialidades médicas, la Cancerología y la Dietología, entre las décadas de 1920 y 1940. En este marco, presta especial atención a una serie de procesos que fueron clave para el trazado de fronteras entre expertos y legos en esos nuevos dominios de saber y práctica:las iniciativas para institucionalizar la formación de nivel superior y la emisión de mensajes expertos a través de los medios de masas y la educación de nivel inicial y medio. Por último, analiza algunos casos en los que los expertos y sus saberes fueron cuestionados o ignorados, algo que sugiere ciertos límites frente a los procesos de demarcación entre expertos y legos.
Cartografías del peligro. Desplazamientos, migración, fronteras y violencias desde la experiencia de los jóvenes en un barrio del Gran Buenos Aires, Argentina (2018-2019)
Authors: Hendel Verónica
Published: August 2020

En este artículo analizamos el despliegue reciente de una serie de mecanismos y dispositivos de control sobre el desplazamiento urbano en un barrio del Gran Buenos Aires (Argentina). Los protagonistas de esta investigación son un grupo de jóvenes, que en su mayoría forman parte de familias que han migrado y junto a los cuales hemos reconstruido sus formas de habitar, recorrer y experimentar el barrio en el cual su escuela está emplazada;formas que se encuentran atravesadas por una profunda desigualdad. Mediante la producción de cartografías narrativas y el análisis etnográfico realizado a lo largo de los años2018 y 2019 logramos cartografiar aquello que ellos identifican como prácticas de violencia institucional orientadas a forzar o impedir el desplazamiento urbano. Al mismo tiempo, estaindagación nos permite explorar y analizar los motivos por los cuales estos jóvenes asocian su experiencia de la ciudad al peligro y la inseguridad, profundizando en los sentidos queallí entran en juego, los cuales se entraman con procesos de identificación, pero también de marcación, estigmatización y producción de fronteras. Este recorrido analítico nos permiteaproximarnos a las formas en las cuales estos jóvenes “hacen” la ciudad, contribuyendo al campo de estudios sobre las fronteras y su proliferación, heterogeneización y reforzamiento en el espacio urbano.
Student opinion in focus
Authors: Nótin Ágnes , Ware Anna
Published: August 2020

At the end of the first semester of the 2017/18 academic year, we conducted research in the form of focus groups on the attitudes of disadvantaged primary school students toward language learning and school. The students were asked about their thoughts relating to school, their self-perceived academic efficiency and their experiences related to English classes. The results show that the children (N = 17) generally have a positive attitude towards school work and English classes. In the English classes, ICT-supported learning (e.g. the use of tablets and smartboards) is present, which the students explicitly prefer compared to more traditional approaches. School attachment and attachment to the teacher in question also play an important role as the foundations of motivation in this work process.
English language teaching professionals' trajectories within the context of learning organisations
Authors: Price Beatrix
Published: August 2020

English as a foreign language teachers' associations (henceforth ELTAs) act as empowering platforms for English Language Teaching (ELT) professionals (Lamb, 2012), and yet the contributions of ELTA leaders have not been widely investigated in the fields of second language acquisition and language pedagogy. In order to fill this niche, a qualitative interview study explored the professional trajectories of successful teacher trainers. The paper gives an account of the motivation for continuing professional development (CPD) through the turning points in these professionals' early careers. The findings suggest that there are some similarities behind the motivating factors for CPD and the increasing participation in social spheres (Lave & Wenger, 1991) leads to professional growth. Moving from the periphery towards the centre in a Community of Practice (CoP) the participants of CoPs become knowledge providers. The results reveal that after members have reached their own plateau and can no longer grow professionally in a particular CoP, they either move on to a different, often more challenging CoP and often belong to different CoPs and even end up as the leaders of ELTAs. Limitations and further research suggestions are included at the end of the paper.
Do students take the predictions of human capital theory into account? An analysis of motives behind further studies in higher education
Authors: Fényes Hajnalka , Mohácsi Márta
Published: August 2020

In this paper, we seek to answer the research question as to whether students take into account the predictions of human capital theory (namely the higher wages associated with further studies) in their decision to participate in higher education. Our alternative research question is whether students can be described by Bourdieu's theory on capital conversion, that is, whether they aim to accumulate cultural and social capital during their studies, which can also be profitable for them in the future. Our research method is quantitative: we use cluster analysis to examine the motives behind further studies and employ cross tabulation and variance analysis to reveal the relationship between clusters and social background variables. We find that the wage premium associated with further studies is not the most important motive among students; it holds only minor importance even for those from a disadvantaged social background. The results suggest that students in secondary schools, especially talented but underprivileged ones, should be motivated to enter higher education by informing them about the potential wage premium they can attain if they study further. Importantly, we also find that underprivileged students may be unaware of the fact that higher education is an efficient mechanism to accumulate social and cultural capital, which then can be converted into economic capital.
Practical or theoretical persistence?: The investigation of (f)actors influencing students’ persistence at three levels
Authors: Kovacs Karolina Eszter , Dusa Agnes Reka , Kocsis Zsofia , Pallay Katalin , Szucs Timea , Palfi Jozsef
Published: August 2020

Higher educational dropout is a major education policy issue that can be influenced by several factors. In addition to the family background, it is necessary to mention the motivation for further education as an individual factor which has a complex effect. Another possible individual cause can be the attractiveness of the labor market. Due to the ratio of students dropping out of higher education in Hungary, it can be suspected that students’ intensive work contributes to weaker learning outcomes, resulting dropout finally. In this context, however, the decisive role of the different work values and working attitudes is also unquestionable. Other institutional factors such as the country of the institution or the type of financing of the training cannot be ignored as well. Accordingly, in our research, we investigated individual, institutional, and sociodemographic factors affecting persistence through the TESCEE 2015 (N = 2015) database. Factors influencing persistence were measured by linear regression analysis with the application of two-sample t-test to measure the between-group differences. Regarding socio-demographic factors, the father’s educational level showed a significant impact on a negative while the mother’s employment in a positive way, furthermore, gender presented a trend effect. Institutional factors by themselves are not remarkable; however, some individual factor can increase their impact. At the individual level, the significant effect of career office membership and work values could be detected. Our results can contribute to the recognition of the relationships behind the high ratio of dropout and the identification of factors that can promote persistence, which can support to reduce the dropout ratio at a national and international level.
Investigating attitudes and musical taste related to music lessons of primary school students in Debrecen
Authors: Hejja Bella , Szalai Tamas
Published: August 2020

Nowadays, Hungary is famous for its musical pedagogical method, the Kodaly concept, many foreign music lovers, and music teachers travel to our country to get to know and master it. But what do we experience in practice, what are the benefits for the musical tastes of young people? The aim of the study is to provide an insight into the attitudes of music and music in primary school youth and the surrounding social environment. We present a small slice of international research led by Dr. Judit Varadi, in which we examined the results of 4th and 6th grade pupils of five primary schools in Debrecen, 221 students in all. In the course of our research, we used a questionnaire consisting of 46 questions, which examined the family background of young people, the process of singing and music classes, listening habits, attitudes related to music classes, and music itself. Results were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 for Windows. In our observations, we found that parents’ previous music studies have a great influence on teaching their children to music. The attitudes toward class music and music and the number of classical music records in the children’s home are also positive. In our changing world, the genres of light music have gained a lot of space, the effect of which is reflected in the musical tastes of young people. How to get a full picture of the subject, and then the entire material will be processed.
Let us dream of positive pedagogy!
Authors: Attilane Ladnai Anita Szerencses
Published: August 2020

The feeling of anxiety, boredom, and apathy is more prevalent in school than in the family or in the company of good friends (Olah, 1999). Positive psychology says that learning could be joyful and stress-free in schools. Seligman (2009) pointed out, that “well-being should be taught in school, even in three areas: to counterpoint depression, to gain life satisfaction as a means of self-development and to facilitate effective learning and creative thinking.” How these apply to the world of school? According to Olah (2004), the message of positive psychology to pedagogy is that by applying the principle of “burdening until it can be kept in flow,” education can become such a positive experience creating action, which could help to realize the process of knowledge assimilation and personal development. In this sense, education is the process of transmission of knowledge via love. This paper aims to provide a brief review research on black pedagogy (Hunyadyne et al., 2006), and point out those practices against it which proves that positive pedagogical practice could only mean positive alternative. The positive/white education is not just a dream. There are already existing good teaching practices, positive attitudes, and methods of teaching the joy of learning. The task is to find a further example and study these practices. The positive/white pedagogy as a new discipline relies on these achievements.
The Austrian ECOLOG-schools programme: History, structure, lessons learned, and impact of a network
Authors: Rauch Franz , Pfaffenwimmer Günther
Published: August 2020

This chapter describes networking for education for sustainable development within the Austrian ECOLOG-schools network. It discusses theoretical concepts of Education for Sustainable Development and school development from an Austrian perspective, as well as networks in education in general and the organization of the ECOLOG-network in particular. Furthermore, the international Environment and School Initiatives (ENSI) network is described as an influential stimulus for the development of ECOLOG. Based upon these foundations, the concept and results of evaluation studies of ECOLOG-schools are described and reflected. The impact of ECOLOG on the developments in environmental education/education for sustainable development in Austria is described and reflected. The paper concludes with a summary of the evaluation process and with an outlook for the future development of the network.
Do eco-schools really help implementation of ESD?: A comparison between eco-school systems of Hungary and Israel
Authors: Gan Dafna , Gal Avid , Könczey Réka , Varga Attila
Published: August 2020

As global challenges to sustainable development are increasing, there is a growing pressure for educational systems to embed education for sustainable development (ESD) into formal education. To meet this demand, Eco-School systems were established in many countries during the past decades. Using General Inductive Approach to analyze raw data sources like interviews with experts and eco-school principals, documents, and official as well as educational research databases both in Hungary and in Israel, the paper compares the process and the outcome of the implementation of eco-school movement in Hungary and Israel. The major conclusion is that eco-school system itself has a significant positive but limited effect on the implementation of ESD in educational systems. Without a person, a “change agent,” without the commitment of the principal or the teachers, the central eco-school initiative could not trigger changes on local levels; however, eco-school systems may survive for another decade if eco-school teachers continue innovation and collective learning. On the system level, the existence of the movement demonstrates the sustainability pedagogy for decision-makers – and therefore they can be satisfied without further efforts.
European experience of multilingualism and the development of multilingual education in Kazakhstan
Authors: Aubakirova Bakhyt , Mandel Kinga M. , Benkei-Kovacs Balazs
Published: August 2020

This literature review article is dedicated to the issues and notion of multilingualism, particularly in Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan is a multiethnic country where more than 130 different ethnic groups reside. At present, a fast multilingual advancement is taking place in Kazakhstan. The study explores the origins and definitions of multilingualism, the role of multilingualism in the development of the Kazakhstani education system, and the models of multilingual education in Kazakhstan. Different approaches and definitions in terms of multilingualism and the performance and implementation of multilingual education are presented. The development of multilingual education in the Kazakhstani educational system plays a pivotal role and it is rapidly developing. The implementation of multilingual education in this country aims at integrating and internationalization of Kazakhstan to the world’s educational and scientific societies. Multilingualism is also widespread in some of the European countries. Several approaches related to the multilingualism and multilingual education are indicated in this article. This paper introduces the challenges and suggestions of diverse alternatives of multilingual education in Kazakhstani higher education institutions.
Focus on the dropout students’ secondary school experience and career orientation
Authors: Csók Cintia , Hrabéczy Anett , Németh Dóra Katalin
Published: August 2020

We examined the characteristics of the respondents before entering higher education along with the clusters. We have discovered the characteristics of secondary school studies and further education, the circumstances for applying for higher education. During the analysis of secondary school studies, we took into account the type of class they studied in high school (in Hungary, they can study in high school, vocational high school, and secondary school), and how many times they changed school. In addition, we compared the results based on school maintainers. There is a significant correlation between the reasons for high-school experience and the dropout rate. In terms of cluster-based differences, it should be emphasized that the expectation of social mobility was overrepresented among the dropouts due to financial reasons and work, but it was also an important aspect that they did not have to pay a fee in the program where they studied. In addition, in the case of those who were disappointed in training and further education, it was most common to apply to the university because they did not want to work and could afford it. Our results can help to develop more effective dropout protection for students entering higher education, both in public and higher education institutions and career orientation.
The relationship between the motor skills level and the severity of autism disorder in children with autism
Authors: Barrodi sedehi Ali Akbar , Ghasemi Abdollah , Kashi Ali , Azimzadeh Elham
Published: August 2020

Background and Study Aim. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the level of fine and gross motor skills and motor proficiency with the severity of autism disorder in children with autism.

Material and Methods. 68 children with autism, ranged from 3-16 years old, were selected. Motor Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2) was used to assess fine and gross motor skills and motor proficiency. Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-2 (GARS-2) test was also used for assessing the severity of autism disorder in the participants.

Results. The obtained results from the Pearson correlation test showed that there was a significant and negative relationship between sub-scales of GARS-2 and MABC-2 tests (P<0.05). It means that decreasing the level of motor skills increases the autism severity. The results of the regression test also showed that only the total score of motor proficiency among microscales of the MABC-2 test could predict the stereotypes, social skills, communication skills, and autism severity (P<0.05).

Conclusion. The results of the current study indicated the pivotal role of motor skills growth in determining the level of autism disorder. It also emphasized on embedding motor interventions in rehabilitation programs of such people.
Rapid and Simultaneous Detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli in Fish by Multiplex PCR
Authors: Triwibowo Radestya , Rachmawati Novalia , Dwiyitno Dwiyitno
Published: August 2020

Pathogenic bacteria are commonly found as natural contaminants in seafood and fish products. Globally, several countries have been imposing strict regulations on the maximum levels of pathogens and consequently require microbial testing of pathogens before the products can be marketed. A culture-based method with biochemical assay has been widely used to detect pathogenic bacteria in food, despite its long and extensive process. Meanwhile, the alternative molecular-based method to overcome this problem, cannot differentiate between viable and nonviable cells, which may lead to underestimation. This study aimed to develop a multiplex PCR (mPCR) method as a confirmatory assay for the culture-based method to detect pathogens in fish products simultaneously. This method applied a pre-enrichment step to ensure the growth of low-level pathogens and the injured cells in the sample. The target genes were ToxR, InvA, and UidA for Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli, respectively. This assay also amplified the 16S rDNA gene of bacteria as an internal control for the PCR reaction. By implementing liquid-based DNA extraction during analysis, the developed-mPCR was comparable to detect the targeted bacteria in artificially-contaminated samples. The method was more sensitive in naturally-contaminated samples, where the number of E. coli, Salmonella spp. and V. parahaemolyticus detected were 28, 7, and 22, respectively. While the conventional method only detected 26, 5, and 19 of the respective pathogens. With a relatively shorter time and lower operation cost, the mPCR method is potential as an alternative for the culture-based method.