bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunohistochemical Tumor Characteristics of Breast Cancer according to Participation in the Mammography Screening Program
Authors: Mathys Britta , Urbschat Iris , Hilbert Marni , Kieschke Joachim , Hecht Gerold
Published: June 2022

Background Breast cancer detected in participants of the German Mammography Screening Program (MSP) shows a favorable distribution of prognostic parameters and hormone receptor status compared to cancer in non-participants, even including interval cancers. The aim of our study is to examine the distribution of intrinsic breast cancer subtypes considering the proliferation marker Ki-67 in participants and non-participants in a population-based setting and to evaluate the association between Ki-67 and tumour characteristics.

Methods Population based data from the Epidemiological Cancer Registry Lower Saxony is analysed in this retrospectiv observational study. 1115 cases of breast cancer (in situ and invasive, year of diagnosis 2014) among women aged 50–69 years and residing in the regions of two screening units of Lower Saxony are included (n = 285 634 biennially entitled women). The group of the participants containes cancers that are detected by screening or in the interval of 24 month after a negative screening. The group of non-participants includes all breast cancers without match with screening data.

Results Considering cases with invasive breast cancer (n = 953) tumours detected in screening participants are more often diagnosed in early T stage (T1, p < 0,0001), HER2 negativ (p = 0,0336), with lower Ki-67 percentage scores (p < 0,0003) and without loco-regional lymph node involvement (p < 0,0001), compared to tumours in non-participants – even including interval cancers. Regarding grading both groups show less differences (p = 0,1718), because interval cancer are more comparable with cancers in non-participants. We find distinct differences in distribution of the intrinsic suptypes between both groups (p < 0,0003): especially in category Luminal A (38,4 % vs. 26,7 %), but also in the categories Luminal A or B (26,7 vs. 22,1 %), Luminal B (21,1 vs. 30,6 %), HER2 enriched (5,1 vs. 7,8 %) und triple-negative (8,8 vs. 12,8 %). Ki-67 is associated with all analysed prognostic factors, first of all with grading (p < 0,0001).

Discussion According to the S3-Guidelines an adjuvant chemotherapy can be avoided in the majority of Luminal A type breast cancers. Assuming that both groups received a guideline-based therapy MSP participants (including interval cancers) could be treated with less aggressive systemic therapy compared with cancers in non-participants. Our results indicate for both groups that Ki-67 is a prognostic marker, which is not independent of other histopathological factors.
Natural history of gastrointestinal schwannomas
Authors: Singh Amandeep , Aggarwal Manik , Chadalavada Pravallika , Siddiqui Mohamed Tausif , Garg Rajat , Lai Keith , Chahal Prabhleen
Published: June 2022

Background and study aims Data are lacking on the natural history of gastrointestinal tract schwannomas. We aimed to study the natural history of all gastrointestinal schwannomas including location, diagnosis, management, and long-term outcomes.

Patients and methods Patients with a pathological diagnosis of gastrointestinal schwannoma between January 2000 and March 2020 were identified. Data on baseline demographics, presentations, associated malignancies, malignant transformation, treatment, and recurrence were collected.

Results Our cohort consisted of 44 patients with a mean age of 58.6 years, with 63.6 % women and 84.1 % White. The stomach (38.6 %) was the most common location followed by the colorectum (31.8 %). Only 22.7 % of patients were symptomatic and 22.0 % had a personal history of other malignancies. Tissue diagnosis was obtained via endoscopy in 47.7 % and from surgical pathology in 52.3 %. On histology, 65.9 % of the tumors were solid, 11.4 % had mixed features, and 2.3 % had necrosis. SP100 was tested in all but one patient and was positive in all. Mean Ki-67 in 12 patients with tumors measuring ≥ 2 cm was 3.0 % indicating a low proliferation rate. Of the patients, 77.3 % had surgery and 18.2 % underwent endoscopic resection. At a mean follow-up of 5.0 ± 4.31 years, there was no malignant transformation, recurrence or mortality associated with gastrointestinal schwannomas.

Conclusions Gastrointestinal schwannomas are diagnosed in the fifth to sixth decade with predominance in women and Whites. They are benign, mostly asymptomatic, and diagnosed incidentally. Asymptomatic gastrointestinal schwannomas including lesions ≥ 2 cm in size do not appear to need further monitoring or intervention. Patients with them should be counseled to remain up to date with routine screening guidelines pertaining to the colon, breast, and lung cancer due to the high incidence of concomitant malignancy.
A new tool for bile duct tissue sampling: ex vivo clinical evaluation of intraductal cryobiopsy for cholangioscopy
Authors: Wirsing Lukas , Linzenbold Walter , Jaeger Simon U. , Stahl Phillip , Ott German , Leibold Tobias , Enderle Markus , Albert Jörg , Peveling-Oberhag Jan
Published: June 2022

Background and study aims Indeterminate biliary strictures represent a major challenge in clinical diagnostics. Diagnostic yield of radiological, endoscopic imaging and histopathological diagnosis is insufficient. The cryobiopsy technique is a new method for tissue extraction already used in different clinical settings. The aim of this ex vivo clinical study was to investigate feasibility and tissue quality of cryobiopsy in the bile duct.

Patients and methods We included 14 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy. Bile duct samples were taken with either a new prototype cryoprobe or one of two forceps types. Results were analyzed for general feasibility, specimen size, histological assessability as well as representativity of retrieved tissue.

Results Feasibility of cholangioscopic forceps was poor compared to gastric biopsy forceps or cryobiopsy. Significantly larger tissue samples were obtained with cryobiopsy (5.6 ± 4.5 mm2) compared to gastric biopsy forceps (3.3 ± 5.1 mm2, P = 0.006). Furthermore, cryobiopsy was superior in histological assessment quality (P = 0.02) and concerning representativity (P = 0.03).

Conclusions Cryobiopsy in the bile duct is feasible and the quality of the obtained tissue is high. Further investigation of bile duct cryobiopsy in vivo is warranted.
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome: Review of Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Ferguson Devin Patrick , Grewal Ruby
Published: June 2022

Cubital tunnel syndrome is one of the most common upper extremity nerve entrapment conditions. Clinical examination and electrodiagnostic studies assist in the diagnosis. Mild cases can be successfully treated conservatively, aiming to reduce traction and compression on the nerve. Surgical management of cubital tunnel syndrome is increasing in frequency. Multiple surgical options exist ranging from simple decompression to decompression and anterior transposition of the nerve. There is no preferred surgical technique. It is critical to reduce the risk of recurrent cubital tunnel syndrome. Revision surgical procedures have worse outcomes than primary surgical procedures.
Quality measures in endoscopy: A systematic analysis of the overall scientific level of evidence and conflicts of interest
Authors: Weissman Simcha , Aziz Muhammad , Baniqued Matthew R. , Taneja Vikas , El-Dallal Mohammed , Lee-Smith Wade , Elias Sameh , Feuerstein Joseph D.
Published: June 2022

Background and study aims Quality measures were established to develop standards to help assess quality of care, yet variation in endoscopy exists. We performed a systematic review to assess the overall quality of evidence cited in formulating quality measures in endoscopy.

Methods A systematic search was performed on multiple databases from inception until November 15, 2020, to examine the quality measures proposed by all major societies. Quality measures were assessed for their level of quality evidence and categorized as category A (guideline-based), category B (observational studies) or category C (expert opinion). They were also examined for the type of measure (process, structure, outcome), the quality, measurability, review, existing conflicts of interest (COI), and patient participation of the quality measure.

Results An aggregate total of 214 quality measures from nine societies (15 manuscripts) were included and analyzed. Of quality measures in endoscopy, 71.5 %, 23.8 %, and 4.7 % were based on low, moderate, and high quality of evidence, respectively. The proportion of high-quality evidence across societies was significantly different (P = 0.028). Of quality measures, 76 % were quantifiable, 18 % contained patient-centric outcomes, and 7 % reported outcome measures. None of the organizations reported on patient involvement or external review, six disclosed existing COI, and 40 % were published more than 5 years ago.

Conclusions Quality measures are important to standardize clinical practice. Because over 70 % of quality measures in endoscopy are based on low-quality evidence, further studies are needed to improve the overall quality to effectively set a standard, reduce variation, and improve care in endoscopic practice.
Are 6-Month Functional and Isokinetic Testing Measures Risk Factors for Second Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries at Long-T Follow-Up?
Authors: Marigi Erick M. , Hale Rena F. , Bernard Christopher D. , Bates Nathaniel , Stuart Michael J. , Hewett Timothy E. , Krych Aaron J.
Published: June 2022

Introduction Second anterior cruciate ligament (SACL) injuries are a devastating complication following return to sport (RTS). Appropriate and safe RTS criteria that reduce the risk of SACL injuries are needed. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between functional and isokinetic testing at 6 months following primary ACL reconstruction (ACLR) as risk factors for SACL injuries.

Methods Patients with primary ACLR from 1990 to 2010 were identified. Those with 6-month postoperative functional and isokinetic testing and a minimum of 2-year follow-up were included. Functional testing included vertical jump, single-leg hop, and single-leg triple hop. Isokinetic testing included concentric quadriceps and hamstrings (HSs) strength at 60 and 180 degree/s speeds. Statistical analysis evaluated the significance of the various tests between those with and without a secondary tear.

Results In total, 344 patients with a mean age of 26.0 ± 9.8 years at an average time of 9.1 ± 3.5 years of follow-up were analyzed. Fifty-nine patients (17%) experienced SACL injuries at an average time of 4.8 years following ACLR with 34 (58%) ipsilateral graft ruptures and 25 (43%) contralateral tears. Several isokinetic measures were significantly different between the NO SACL and the SACL groups: quadriceps 60 degree/s limb symmetry index (LSI) (75 vs. 82% p = 0.01), HS 60 degree/s LSI (92 vs. 97%, p = 0.04), quadriceps 180 degree/s involved/body weight (BW) (41 vs. 47%, p = 0.04), and HS 180 degree/s involved/BW (30 vs. 34%, p = 0.04). Patients with involved limb peak quadriceps torque value greater than 65 or 50% of BW (60 and 180 degree/s) had a 2.2 and 3.1 times higher risk of an SACL injury.

Conclusions Patients with certain elevated isokinetic scores in the injured limb at 6 months after ACLR experienced a higher rate of subsequent ACL injuries than those who had lower peak torque. Although a quantitative only analysis may not be sufficient to determine RTS criteria, clinicians should caution high-performing patients about the risk of subsequent ACL injury.

Level of Evidence Cohort study; 3.
Impact of Gestational Weight Gain Recommendations for Obese Women on Neonatal Morbidity
Authors: Bujold Laurence , Audibert François , Chaillet Nils
Published: June 2022

Introduction In 2013, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOGs) developed gestational weight gain guidelines to minimize the risks associated with obesity during pregnancy. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that current recommendations should be revised for obese women.

Objective The objective of this study is to assess the impact of gestational weight gain recommendations for obese women (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2) on neonatal and maternal outcomes in Quebec.

Study Design Secondary analysis of the QUARISMA trial was performed including obese women who delivered a full-term singleton in cephalic presentation from 2008 to 2011 in Quebec. Outcomes assessed were composite risks of major neonatal and maternal complications, minor neonatal and maternal complications, as well as obstetrical interventions. Outcomes were compared between weight gain recommendations (reference group) and three weight gain/loss categories using logistic regressions. In second analysis, obese women were stratified by obesity class.

Results Among the 16,808 eligible obese women, 605 lost weight during pregnancy, 2,665 gained between 0 and 4.9 kg, 4,355 gained weight within the recommendations (5–9.09 kg), and 9,183 gained at least 9.1 kg. Results showed a significant reduction in major neonatal morbidity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.51–0.94), minor maternal morbidity (aOR = 0.79, 95%CI = 0.67–0.93), and assisted vaginal delivery (aOR = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.68–0.99) among women who gained 0 to 4.9 kg compared with the reference group. Cesarean delivery and preeclampsia/eclampsia were significantly reduced with weight loss (aOR = 0.76, 95%CI = 0.64–0.89 and 0.58, 95%CI = 0.42–0.78) compared with the reference group. Weight gain above recommendations was associated with an increased risk of minor neonatal morbidity, major and minor maternal morbidity, as well as cesarean delivery.

Conclusion Compared with a weight gain within the recommendations, a gestational weight gain/loss of less than 5 kg in obese women is associated with a reduced risk of major neonatal morbidity, minor maternal morbidity, preeclampsia/eclampsia, cesarean delivery, and assisted vaginal delivery. Guidelines on gestational weight gain for obese women should be updated.

Key Points
Medizintourismus: Katerstimmung in den International Units
Authors: Rößing Sabine
Published: June 2022

Jahrelang galt Deutschland als eines der Top Ten-Reiseländer für Medizintourismus. Nun bleiben die Patientinnen und Patienten aus dem Ausland aus, weil Pandemie und Krieg das Reisen erschweren. Das schwierige Auslandsgeschäft erweist sich für die Krankenhäuser einmal mehr als unsicher.
Comparative investigation of the effect of tip fins on vortex flow in non-cavitating and cavitating conditions
Authors: Hilo Ali Kareem , Hong Ji-Woo , Ahn Byoung-Kwon , Shin Suyoung
Published: June 2022

Tip vortex flow is crucial in designing and operating several engineering applications. In this work, the effect of tip fins on vortex flow in non-cavitating and cavitating conditions is investigated experimentally. Rectangular hydrofoils with and without fin tips are considered. The hydrofoil is placed in a water tunnel at an angle of attack of α = 15° and the velocity field is measured using laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) at several plane sections. A high-speed camera is used to visualize the tip vortex cavitation (TVC), and pressure transducers are employed for acoustic measurements. The operational chord Reynolds number (Re) ranges from 3.3 × 105–6.0 × 105. The non-cavitating flow results reveal that Re has no discernible effect on the tip vortex characteristics, although the axial velocity at the tip vortex core is significantly affected (accelerated to 1.25 times the inlet velocity behind the hydrofoil without a fin tip, decelerated by a factor of 0.75 for the hydrofoil with a fin tip). The fin tip slightly reduces the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and transversal velocity at the vortex core. The LDV measurements indicate that the tip fin affects the development of the tip vortex. The fin tip increases the dissipation of TKE and axial velocity in the tip vortex core downstream of the hydrofoil by causing chaotic flow mixing. The cavitating flow results indicate that TVC first occurs at a cavitation number of σ = 3.30 and Re = 3.71 × 105 around the tip of both hydrofoils. Leading-edge TVC appears at the tip of the hydrofoil without the fin and develops as Re increases, before interacting and merging with the trailing-edge TVC when Re > 4.18 × 105. There is a peak frequency range of the sound pressure level in the foil without a fin, but this disappears in the case of the fin tip.
Nonlinear waves propagating in a hollow metamaterial waveguide
Authors: Wu Zhong
Published: June 2022

This work studies a hollow nonlinear Metamaterial–Air–Metamaterial (MAM) waveguide and investigates the propagation characteristics of transverse electric waves in the MAM waveguide. It is shown that the waves propagate in the waveguide in the form of guided waves or surface waves. Furthermore, the electromagnetic fields are distributed in a symmetric or an antisymmetric mode depending on the frequency response of nonlinear metamaterial to the incident waves. Moreover, the power distribution in the MAM waveguide can be controlled by adjusting the width of the guiding layer of the hollow waveguide. We hope the theoretical analysis can be verified by future experiments and provide ideas on potential applications.
Mating weight and condition score are both good predictors of lambing potential for young Merino and Border Leicester Merino ewes across different environments and years in Australia
Authors: Paganoni B. L. , Ferguson M. B. , Greeff J. M. , Kearney G. A. , Thompson A. N.
Published: June 2022

Context Increasing mating weight or condition score increases the lambing potential of ewes (fetuses scanned per 100 ewes joined). Aim We hypothesised that in some years, condition score would contribute an additional effect to mating weight on lambing potential. Methods Border Leicester Merino and Merino ewes were mated naturally to Merino or Terminal rams between 2008 and 2013 at eight linked sites across Australia. Border Leicester Merino ewes were mated in their first year while Merino ewes were not mated until their second year. All ewes were mated for a second time as 2 year olds (Border Leicester Merinos) or 3 year olds (Merino). A total of 4270 Border Leicester Merino and 5788 Merino ewes were weighed and condition scored at mating and scanned for pregnancy. Key results Lambing potential increased by 3.1% per 1 kg increase in mating weight, compared to 1.3% for 1 and 2 year old Border Leicester Merinos respectively, and by 2.1% compared to 1.4% for 2 and 3 year old Merinos respectively (P < 0.05). Lambing potential increased by 27% compared to 13% per increase in condition score for 1 and 2 year old Border Leicester Merinos respectively, and by 29% compared to 25% for for 2  and 3 year old Merinos respectively (P < 0.05). All relationships were linear. When both mating weight and condition score were fitted together, mating condition score explained additional variation to weight in one instance of all the 160 possible breed (n = 2) × age (n = 2) × site (n = 8) × mating year (n = 5) combinations. Conclusions Mating weight and condition score increased the lambing potential of ewes linearly with differences due to ewe age, year and possibly ewe breed. Mating condition score rarely explained additional variation in lambing potential to weight in young Merino or Border Leicester Merino ewes. Implications If ewes are weighed at mating then condition scoring is of minimal extra benefit to predict lambing potential. Achieving the heaviest possible mating weights or highest condition score maximises the lambing potential of ewes in their first two mating years.
Understanding barriers to immunisation against vaccine-preventable diseases in Pacific people in New Zealand, Aotearoa: an integrative review
Authors: Tafea Vika , Mowat Rebecca , Cook Catherine
Published: June 2022

Introduction Pacific people have an increased risk of hospitalisation if barriers to immunisation against vaccine-preventable diseases are not reduced. This research sought to determine what is known about the barriers to immunisations in Pacific people living in New Zealand and identify ways to reduce these barriers and inform health care. Aim To identify the barriers to immunisation for Pasifika and to identify ways to reduce these barriers and inform health care. Methods An integrative review was undertaken with databases searched for articles published between February 2021 and May 2021. The review follows the five-stage process of problem formulation; literature search; evaluation of data; data analysis and interpretation; and presentation of the results through discussion. Results Twelve studies were included. Three themes were identified: Deprivation, Health Literacy (which covered understanding the importance of immunisation programmes, attitudes and beliefs and communication), and access to health care (including communication accessibility to health professionals and physical access). Discussion This review has identified that barriers such as level of deprivation strongly influences immunisation uptake in Pacific people. The significance of government-led initiatives was shown to improve the rates of immunisation of Pacific children. Pacific people’s awareness of immunisation programmes and government campaigns are encouraged to incorporate ethnic-specific strategies in addressing barriers, such as bringing vaccinations to where Pacific people frequent, including churches, community hubs, and venues that parents can easily access.
Towards a local grammar of stance expression in Late Modern English medical writing
Authors: Hiltunen Turo
Published: June 2022

This chapter investigates the expression of stance in eighteenth-century medical English, based on data from the LMEMT corpus. The focus is on three types of stance that-clauses, and the aim of the analysis is to document the frequency trends and patterns of variation in the data, compare them with those identified for medical texts from previous centuries, and provide a functional description of their use within the framework of local grammar. With respect to the frequencies of stance that-clauses across different sub-registers, the eighteenth century represents a period of stylistic continuation. The degree of phraseological variation is considerable, and the analysis demonstrates the usefulness of a local grammar approach to account for this variation.
Language, labour and ideology
Authors: Whitt Richard J.
Published: June 2022

Writings on midwifery and women’s medicine related to childbirth reflect the many changes affecting this field during the Early Modern period, which in turn reflect changes in epistemological values Through the lens of critical discourse analysis, this paper discusses existing and emergent ideological demarcations between the wide range of midwifery texts published between 1500 and 1800 through a qualitative examination of prefatory material in these texts. It is shown that the earliest midwifery texts make much recourse to the authoritative knowledge of classical authors, following the tradition of medieval Scholasticism. As female midwives enter the textual scene, personal experience and empathy become valued sources of knowledge. Finally, the emergence of 'man-midwives' led to scientific prowess combined with personal experience touted as the most superior form of knowledge relating to the care of parturient women.
Star effect and indirect capital preponderance
Authors: Deng Gaosheng , Goh Sang Seong
Published: June 2022

China is vigorously promoting Chinese culture to going global by actively translating Chinese literary works through various translation projects. Now, though, the effect of overseas dissemination of Chinese literature is not significant, readers are still within a limited range of universities, research institutions, etc.The Three-Body Trilogyis an exception, for it is not only the best-selling translation of Chinese literature on Amazon, but also the best in terms of English media attention. Numerous academic studies have examined the direct support of capital advantages of authors, translators and publishers, but limited attention has been given to the indirect capital preponderances of star effects. Framed within a sociological perspective, this study explores the positive role played by the social, cultural and symbolic capital in the dissemination and reception ofThe Three-Body Trilogy.
CCL17 acts as a novel therapeutic target in pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure
Authors: Zhang Yang , Ye Yicong , Tang Xiaoqiang , Wang Hui , Tanaka Toshiko , Tian Ran , Yang Xufei , Wang Lun , Xiao Ying , Hu Xiaomin , Jin Ye , Pang Haiyu , Du Tian , Liu Honghong , Sun Lihong , Xiao Shuo , Dong Ruijia , Ferrucci Luigi , Tian Zhuang , Zhang Shuyang
Published: June 2022

Circulating proteomic signatures of age are closely associated with aging and age-related diseases; however, the utility of changes in secreted proteins in identifying therapeutic targets for diseases remains unclear. Serum proteomic profiling of an age-stratified healthy population and further community-based cohort together with heart failure patients study demonstrated that circulating C-C motif chemokine ligand 17 (CCL17) level increased with age and correlated with cardiac dysfunction. Subsequent animal experiments further revealed that Ccll7-KO significantly repressed aging and angiotensin II (Ang II)–induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, accompanied by the plasticity and differentiation of T cell subsets. Furthermore, the therapeutic administration of an anti-CCL17 neutralizing antibody inhibited Ang II–induced pathological cardiac remodeling. Our findings reveal that chemokine CCL17 is identifiable as a novel therapeutic target in age-related and Ang II–induced pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
Analytical model for calculation of the magnetic field of triaxial uniform coils in magnetically shielded cylinder
Authors: Zhao Fengwen , Wang Weiqian , Zhou Weiyong , Zhou Xiangyang
Published: June 2022

An analytical model to calculate the magnetic field of triaxial uniform coils inside magnetically shielded cylinders (MSCs) composed of high-permeability materials is proposed. The proposed model offers two major advantages over existing methods. First, the model is not limited to the research on coaxial circular coils, but also can be used to analyze the magnetic field characteristics of saddle coils inside MSCs. Second, based on Green’s function expansion and the ferromagnetic boundary conditions, the image method is introduced to consider the reflection effect of the MSC end cap on the coil, thus enabling the coupling effect between the coil and the MSC to be analyzed. To verify the model’s correctness, simulations and experiments are performed separately. With regard to the magnetic field distributions of the saddle coil and the Lee-Whiting coil within a range of

±

80 mm along their axes, the results show that the maximum relative error between the analytical method and the finite element method results is 0.08% and 0.06%, respectively; the maximum relative error between the experimental values and the analytical values is 0.29% and 0.13%, respectively, thus confirming the validity of the analytical model. The results of this research have far-reaching implications for the research of quantum precision measurement devices and triaxial uniform field coils.
Slight excess at 130 GeV in search for a charged Higgs boson decaying to a charm quark and a bottom quark at the Large Hadron Collider
Authors: Akeroyd A G , Moretti Stefano , Song Muyuan
Published: June 2022

Searches for a charged Higgs boson (H
±) decaying to a charm quark and a bottom quark (H
± → cb) have been carried out at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in the decay of top quarks (t → H
±
b). In a recent search by the ATLAS collaboration (with all run II data, 139 fb−1) a local excess of around 3σ has been observed, which is best fitted by a charged Higgs boson with a mass

(

m

H

±

)

of around 130 GeV and a product of branching ratios (BRs) given by BR(t → H
±
b) × BR(H
± → cb) = 0.16% ± 0.06%. In the context of two-Higgs-doublet models (2HDM) with independent Yukawa couplings for H
± we present the parameter space for which this excess (assuming it to be genuine) can be accommodated, taking into account the limits from LHC searches for H
± → cs and H
± → τν at

m

H

±

= 130 GeV and the constraint from b → sγ. It is then shown that such an excess cannot be explained in 2HDMs with natural flavour conservation, but can be accommodated in the flipped three-Higgs-doublet model (3HDM) and in the aligned 2HDM (A2HDM). Upcoming searches with 139 fb−1 in the channels H
± → cb (CMS), H
± → cs (ATLAS/CMS) and H
± → τν (ATLAS/CMS) will determine if the excess is the first sign of an H
± with

m

H

±

=
130

GeV.
Production of Chern–Simons bosons in decays of mesons
Authors: Borysenkova Yuliia , Kashko Pavlo , Tsarenkova Mariia , Bondarenko Kyrylo , Gorkavenko Volodymyr
Published: June 2022

We consider the effective interaction of quarks with a new GeV-scale vector particle that couples to electroweak gauge bosons by the so-called effective Chern–Simons (CS) interaction. We call this particle the CS boson. We construct effective Lagrangian of the CS boson interaction with quarks of two different flavors. This interaction is given by a divergent loop diagram, however, it turns out that the divergent part is equal to zero as a consequence of the CKM matrix unitarity in the SM. Therefore, we are able to predict effective interaction of the CS boson with quarks of different flavors without introducing new unknown parameters to the model, using only parameters of the initial effective Lagrangian. Our result shows that the effective interaction of the CS boson with down-type quarks is sufficiently stronger compared with up-type quarks. Based on our results, we give a prediction for the production of CS bosons in mesons decays. Branching fractions were obtained for the main reactions of the CS production in meson decays. The results obtained will be useful for searching for the long-lived GeV-scale CS boson in intensity frontier experiments.
High-throughput characterization of mechanical parameters of thin-film array
Authors: Laibin Zhang , Guowen Wang , Han Yan , Yao XueFeng
Published: June 2022

The thin-film array is a typical multi-film structure in material genetic engineering. With the requirements for rapid and efficient characterization of new film materials, a high-throughput characterization method based on digital image correlation for mapping the film elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio of thin-film arrays is developed. First, a high-throughput experimental structure and testing system for the film array are designed, from which we can load 10 × 10 circular film arrays in the range of 0–25 kPa and obtain the full-field bulging displacement. Then, the experimental results are combined with the surface wave velocity equation to decouple the elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio of the film array. The results are consistent with the material manual parameters, which verifies the feasibility of the high-throughput test method proposed in this article. When the method in this paper is applied to gradient materials, high-throughput testing of the mechanical parameters of a variety of film materials can be achieved. The results show that this method is valuable for quick, reliable and high-throughput determination of the film elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio in material genetic engineering.
Remaining useful life prediction of bearings based on multiple-feature fusion health indicator and weighted temporal convolution network
Authors: Wang Huaqing , Zhang Xisen , Guo Xudong , Lin Tianjiao , Song Liuyang
Published: June 2022

In prognostic and health management, predicting the remaining useful life (RUL) of bearings is of great significance. The traditional RUL prediction methods have two disadvantages: (a) the health indicator (HI) is mainly constructed through expert experience and signal processing technology, which lacks monotonicity and generalization; and (b) in RUL prediction, the time correlation of information is emphasized, but the influence of the variation amplitude and severity of the vibration signal are ignored. Therefore, a method of bearing RUL prediction based on the multiple-feature fusion HI (MFF-HI) and weighted temporal convolution network (WTCN) is proposed in this paper. MFF-HI is constructed by an MFF depth network (MFFDN) with MISH activation function extracting and fusing the degradation information of bearing time-domain features; WTCN is established based on TCN and a new loss function time-mean square error to reduce the error of network pickup in the bearing degradation stage. The NASA IMS dataset, IEEE PHM 2012 dataset and XJTU-SY dataset are used to verify the superiority of the method. The results show that this method can accurately predict the RUL of bearings with higher prediction accuracy.
Simultaneously measurement of strain field and Poisson’s ratio by using an off-axis phase-sensitive optical coherence elastography
Authors: Huang Pinbo , Lin Yuankun , You Rufeng , Ni Zihao , Dong Bo , Xie Shengli , Bai Yulei
Published: June 2022

Phase-sensitive optical coherence elastography (PhS-OCE) is a novel functional imaging modality capable of mapping strain fields inside semi-transparent materials. In this work, an off-axis PhS-OCE was further developed to measure strain field and Poisson’s ratio simultaneously. Based on the intrinsic equations of continuum mechanics, the relationship between the elastic parameters of the measured material and the physical quantity (i.e. optical path difference) of PhS-OCE was first established. For validation, the depth-resolved strain field and Poisson’s ratio of a silicone rubber film were quantitatively measured during tensile tests. The experimental results, such as the estimates for Poisson’s ratio, agreed with the reference values. Moreover, phase difference maps of bilayer composites were discussed, indicating the effectiveness and potential of the proposed off-axis measurement method.
Screen-printed graphite electrode modified with Co3O4 nanoparticles and 2D graphitic carbon nitride as an effective electrochemical sensor for 4-aminophenol detection
Authors: Jahani Peyman Mohammadzadeh , Beitollahi Hadi , Nejad Fariba Garkani , Dourandish Zahra , Di Bartolomeo Antonio
Published: June 2022

We fabricated a new electrochemical 4-aminophenol sensor based on a nanocomposite of Co3O4 nanoparticles and graphite carbon nitride (Co3O4@g-C3N4), used for the modification of a screen-printed electrode (Co3O4@g-C3N4/SPE). The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction and Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) techniques. The electro-oxidation of 4-aminophenol in phosphate buffer solution (pH = 7.0) was investigated via cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The peak current of oxidation in the optimized conditions had a linear relationship with various 4-aminophenol contents (0.05–780.0 μM) with a correlation coefficient of 0.9996 and the limit of detection (S/N = 3) of 1.5 × 10−8 M. The developed method was successful to determine 4-aminophenol in real specimens, with acceptable outcomes.
Reliability of non-invasive arterial blood pressure measurement in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage
Authors: Olsen Markus Harboe , Riberholt Christian Gunge , Capion Tenna , Berg Ronan M G , Møller Kirsten
Published: June 2022

Objective. Invasively measured arterial blood pressure (ABP) is associated with complications, while non-invasively measured ABP is generally considered risk-free. This study aimed to investigate the reliability of non-invasive ABP measured using finger-cuff volume-clamp device compared to invasive ABP measured by an arterial catheter in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH).Approach. In 30 patients admitted for neurointensive care with SAH, invasive and non-invasive ABP were recorded simultaneously. Reliability was assessed for mean, diastolic and systolic ABP separately using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) agreement for each full period and each 3 s average.Main results.A median of 3 (IQR: 2–3) periods were included for each participant. The full periods (n = 81) showed an ICC of 0.34 (95% CI: 0.14–0.52), 0.31 (95% CI: 0.10–0.49), and 0.20 (95% CI: 0.00–0.39) for mean, diastolic, and systolic ABP, respectively. Three-second averages (n = 33 786) for mean (ICC: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.33–0.36), diastolic (ICC: 0.25; 95% CI: 0.25–0.28), and systolic ABP (ICC: 0.26; 95% CI: 0.18–0.33) yielded similar findings. Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed anR2of 0.15 (p < 0.001), 0.15 (p < 0.001), 0.06 (p = 0.027) for mean, diastolic and systolic ABP, respectively.Significance.In patients with SAH, non-invasive measurement of ABP using the widely used Nano system from Finapres Medical Systems—a finger-cuff volume-clamp device (Finapres, Chennai, India) showed poor reliability and therefore cannot be used interchangeably with invasively measured ABP.
Dense γ-ray emission in two consecutive pulses irradiating near critical density plasma
Authors: Zhao Yuan , Liu Jianxun , Xia Guoxing , Bonatto Alexandre
Published: June 2022

We report the overdense electron acceleration and dense gamma ray emission via the use of two continuous laser pulses irradiating near critical density plasma. Thanks to the ion channel formed behind the first laser pulse, the leading laser beam is well focused to a higher intensity. As a result, the noticeable electron re-injection and ion focusing when one laser incident is significantly suppressed in the two-consecutive- lasers scheme, efficiently improved the electron acceleration process. Moreover, owing to the stronger laser field and the higher electron energy, the probability rate of the accelerated electron emitting γ-rays is considerably enhanced. In this regime, the laser intensity is reduced from

1
×

10

23

to

4
×

10

22

W cm−2 with the competitive density of generated gamma rays.
A non-separability measure for spatially disjoint vectorial fields
Authors: Aiello Andrea , Hu Xiao-Bo , Rodríguez-Fajardo Valeria , Forbes Andrew , Hernandez-Aranda Raul I , Perez-Garcia Benjamin , Rosales-Guzmán Carmelo
Published: June 2022

Vectorial forms of structured light that are non-separable in their spatial and polarisation degrees of freedom have become topical of late, with an extensive toolkit for their creation and control. In contrast, the toolkit for quantifying their non-separability, the inhomogeneity of the polarisation structure, is less developed and in some cases fails altogether. To overcome this, here we introduce a new measure for vectorial light, which we demonstrate both theoretically and experimentally. We consider the general case where the local polarisation homogeneity can vary spatially across the field, from scalar to vector, a condition that can arise naturally if the composite scalar fields are path separable during propagation, leading to spatially disjoint vectorial light. We show how the new measure correctly accounts for the local path-like separability of the individual scalar beams, which can have varying degrees of disjointness, even though the global vectorial field remains intact. Our work attempts to address a pressing issue in the analysis of such complex light fields, and raises important questions on spatial coherence in the context of vectorially polarised light.
High-precision Measurements of Cosmic Curvature from Gravitational Wave and Cosmic Chronometer Observations
Authors: He Yuan , Pan Yu , Shi Dong-Ping , Li Jin , Cao Shuo , Cheng Wei
Published: June 2022

Although the spatial curvature has been measured with very high precision, it still suffers from the well-known cosmic curvature tension. In this paper, we use an improved method to determine the cosmic curvature, by using the simulated data of binary neutron star mergers observed by the second generation space-based DECi-hertz Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (DECIGO). By applying the Hubble parameter observations of cosmic chronometers to the DECIGO standard sirens, we explore different possibilities of making measurements of the cosmic curvature referring to a distant past: one is to reconstruct the Hubble parameters through the Gaussian process without the influence of hypothetical models, and the other is deriving constraints on Ω
K
in the framework of the non-flat Λ cold dark matter model. It is shown that in the improved method DECIGO could provide a reliable and stringent constraint on the cosmic curvature (Ω
K
= −0.007 ± 0.016), while we could only expect the zero cosmic curvature to be established at the precision of ΔΩ
K
= 0.11 in the second model-dependent method. Therefore, our results indicate that in the framework of methodology proposed in this paper, the increasing number of well-measured standard sirens in DECIGO could significantly reduce the bias of estimations for cosmic curvature. Such a constraint is also comparable to the precision of Planck 2018 results with the newest cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations (ΔΩ
K
≈ 0.018), based on the concordance ΛCDM model.
Optimization of recess-free AlGaN/GaN Schottky barrier diode by TiN anode and current transport mechanism analysis
Authors: Wu Hao , Kang Xuanwu , Zheng Yingkui , Wei Ke , Zhang Lin , Liu Xinyu , Zhang Guoqi
Published: June 2022

In this work, the optimization of reverse leakage current (I
R) and turn-on voltage (V
T) in recess-free AlGaN/GaN Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) was achieved by substituting the Ni/Au anode with TiN anode. To explain this phenomenon, the current transport mechanism was investigated by temperature-dependent current–voltage (I–V) characteristics. For forward bias, the current is dominated by the thermionic emission (TE) mechanisms for both devices. Besides, the presence of inhomogeneity of the Schottky barrier height (qφ
b) is proved by the linear relationship between qφ
b and ideality factor. For reverse bias, the current is dominated by two different mechanisms at high temperature and low temperature, respectively. At high temperatures, the Poole–Frenkel emission (PFE) induced by nitrogen-vacancy (V
N) is responsible for the high I
R in Ni/Au anode. For TiN anode, the I
R is dominated by the PFE from threading dislocation (TD), which can be attributed to the decrease of V
N due to the suppression of N diffusion at the interface of Schottky contact. At low temperatures, the I
R of both diodes is dominated by Fowler–Nordheim (FN) tunneling. However, the V
N donor enhances the electric field in the barrier layer, thus causing a higher I
R in Ni/Au anode than TiN anode, as confirmed by the modified FN model.
Research and Assumption on the Grid Structure of DC Distribution Network
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Zhao Zhan , Yang Xinke , Peng Chaode , Li Bingyu , Hu Yabo , Wang Yaqian , Li Haoran , Fan Zhonghua , Zhan Lvhao
Published: June 2022

Based on the typical structural characteristics of DC distribution network, this paper analyzes the application scenarios of different types of DC distribution systems based on the development planning and industrial layout of some cities. The differentiated demands, load types and user-side power consumption environment in different scenarios are studied. Determine the appropriate voltage level for various scenarios, the connected source terminal, energy storage terminal, and grounding method. On the premise of considering the user-side scenarios of typical DC applications, based on different power grid structures and operation modes, the optimal network topology relationship is studied, and a multi-scenario typical DC network topology architecture suitable for urban construction is constructed.
Low-carbon economic dispatch of power system based on mobile hydrogen storage
Authors: Li Panpan , Wang Rui , Xia Shiwei , Zhang Feng
Published: June 2022

To alleviate the global warming crisis, carbon reduction is an inevitable trend of sustainable development. The energy carrier with Hydrogen (H2) is considered to be one of the promising choices for realizing a low-carbon economy. With the increasing penetration level of wind power generation and for well-balancing wind generaion fluctuations, this paper proposes a low-carbon economic dispatch method for power systems based on mobile hydrogen storage(MHS). The wind power surplus during off-peak load periods is first utilized to generate green H2. Afterward, the green H2 is optimally transported to multiple hydrogen storage(HS) stations for generating power electricity by flexibly controlling the electrolysis(EL), methanation(ME), carbon capture(CCS) and H2 power generation processes, in such a way the wind power is coordinated with the hydrogen production, transport and utilization to reduce the total carbon emission and minimize the operation cost of power systems. Finally the proposed power system low-carbon economic dispatch model is verified by case studies.
Cause Analysis of Abnormal Condition in Partial Discharge Test of 220kV GIS
Authors: Yang Xuefei , Li Hongkun , Wang Kai , Yao Ribin , Zhou Yi
Published: June 2022

With the continuous development and construction of the power grid system, 220kV GIS equipment has been widely used in ultra-high voltage substations. Before leaving the factory, GIS equipment needs to be tested for lightning impact, partial discharge, etc. to check whether there are problems in the manufacturing, assembly and other links of the equipment. This paper analyzes a 220kV GIS when the partial discharge test (factory test) occurs when the partial discharge exceeds the standard. By using the directional elimination method, the equipment fault range is determined, and the fault structure is disassembled. Analysis, X-ray flaw detection results found that the insulation There are tiny bubbles in the base, indicating that the assembly workshop has problems of technical control or lack of cleanliness. At the same time, after the insulation base has been subjected to multiple lightning strikes, due to the cumulative effect, the equipment has exceeded the standard in the partial discharge test. Finally, through the analysis of the cause of the failure, the targeted rectification measures are put forward to improve the technical management and control level of the assembly workshop.
Influence of transformer leakage inductance on DC high current generator
Authors: Liu Z Y , Li Y F , Zhou J J , Liao Y , Zhao J C , Hu S L
Published: June 2022

The efficiency is affected by the parameters of components in the DC high current generator. The leakage inductance of the rectifier transformer will affect the output and filtering effect of the device and reduce the power quality of the public network. To improve the output and filtering effect of the DC high current generator, the 3-phase 6-pulsation rectifier bridge arm with the transformer T-type equivalent circuit is proposed. Through the topology model of each conduction state circuit of the semiconductor components, the expressions of load output, high-order harmonic content, and transformer leakage inductance are calculated. Then the actual generator is simulated in the MATLAB-Simulink module and variation law between the primary and secondary side leakage inductance and the output DC voltage, the total harmonic distortion(THD), and the fifth harmonic content rate is obtained. Finally, the output waveform is analyzed under the rated condition. The results show that the influence of transformer leakage inductance on output efficiency and high order harmonic filtering effect can be obtained by the proposed calculation method, and the simulation results verify the validity and correctness of the theoretical analysis.