bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pendidikan Multikultural Dalam Islam: Kesenian Reog Singo Budoyo Sebagai Simbol Toleransi Beragama di Desa Purworejo Kabupaten Kutai Barat
Authors: Lestari Rini Eka , Khoirunnikmah Ifah , Zamroni Zamroni
Published: March 2024

Reog Singo Budoyo adalah kesenian yang didalmnya tercermin pendidikan multikultural, dimana perlu ditanamkan pada anak sejak dini agar anak memiliki sikap toleransi, tidak radikal dan liberal dalam menjalankan kehidupannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis nilai toleransi pada Reog Singo Budoyo sebagai pendidikan multikultural. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis entografi. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui sumber data primer dan sekunder. Menganalisis data melalui kondensasi data, penyajian data dan menarik kesimpulan, Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini terdapat sikap toleransi keberagaman yang tinggi pada kesenian Reog Singo Budoyo ditengah-tengah masyarakat multikultural dalam pelaksanannya. Sikap toleransi ini dilihat dari para pemeran yang berbeda-beda agama dan sukunya ikut berpartisipasi dalam kesenian ini, sehingga menanamkan sikap toleransi yang tinggi tidak hanya keberagamaan saja tetapi juga antar suku. Nilai kesetaraan, kebersamaan dan keadilan juga ditemukan pada kesenian ini dimana nilai-nilai tersebut termasuk dalam pendidikan multikultural dan ajaran Islam yang sangat perlu ditanamkan pada masyarakat zaman sekarang.
Analisis Model Rasch pada Tes Diagnostik Kesulitan Belajar Matematika Siswa SMA
Authors: Triana Apri
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik tes diagnostik kesulitan belajar Matematika menggunakan analisis model Rasch. Data yang dianalisis dengan model Rasch adalah sebanyak 323 respon jawaban siswa kelas XII IPA pada bidang studi Matematika. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setiap butir tes diagnostik cocok dengan analisis model Rasch. Dari 323 siswa yang mengikuti tes, hanya sebanyak 298 respon jawaban siswa yang cocok dan bisa dianalisis dengan model Rasch. Analisis dengan model Rasch memiliki karakteristik satu parameter, yaitu tingkat kesulitan butir. Tingkat kesulitan butir yang cocok dengan model Rasch sesuai dengan karakteristik tes diagnostik adalah butir tes dengan tingkat sedang yaitu 0,30 sampai 0,80. Adapun karakteristik butir tes yang sesuai dengan karakteristik tes diagnostik dan parameter model analisis sebanyak 26 butir dan ada empat butir yang harus disisihkan pada perangkat tes diagnostik. Koefisien reliabilitas perangkat tes diagnostik sebesar 0,84 yang artinya tes diagnostik sangat reliabel untuk mengukur kemampuan matematika kelas XII IPA. Perangkat tes diagnostik tidak cocok digunakan pada peserta tes memiliki kemampuan dibawah -3 atau diatas 3.
The Pembelajaran Model Direct Instruction Berbasis Mind Mapping Terhadap Minat dan Hasil belajar IPS
Authors: IIahiyah Riza Inayatul , Putranto Anggoro
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dua hal utama (1) Pembelajaran Model Direct Instruction berbasis mind mapping terhadap ketertarikan ketertarikan minat belajar IPS kelas VIII di SMPN 1 Srengat, (2) mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran Model Direct Instruction berbasis mind mapping terhadap prestasi prestasi perolehan belajar IPS kelas VIII di SMPN 1 Srengat. Penelitian ini memakai metode semu eksperimen dengan desain penelitian nonequivalent post-test only control design. Penelitian ini melibatkan seluruh siswa kelas VIII sebagai populasi, dengan melibatkan dua kelas sebagai sampel yaitu kelas VIII-I (Kelompok Kontrol) dan VIII-J (kelompok eksperimen). Pengumpulan data melalui angket dan posttest dan SPSS.20 sebagai analisis datanya, analsiis data berupa tes prasyarat melalui uji normalitas dan uji homogenitas sebagai prasayarat dilakukan Uji-t. Hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini: (1) Adanya pengaruh yang relevan penerapan model direct instruction berbasis mind mapping terhadap ketertarikan ketertarikan minat belajar IPS kelas VIII di SMPN 1 Srengat. Hal ini tebrukti hasil uji t-test diperoleh nilai Sig. (2-tailed) 0,000 < 0,05, maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. (2) Adanya pengaruh yang relevan model direct instruction berbasis mind map terhadap prestasi prestasi prestasi perolehan belajar IPS kelas VIII di SMPN 1 Srengat. Hal ini terbukti dari hasil uji t-test diperoleh nilai Sig. (2-tailed) 0,000 < 0,05, maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima.
Kata Kunci : Direct Instruction, Mind Mapping, Minat Belajar, Hasil Belajar
The Pengaruh Bimbingan Belajar Terhadap Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar IPS Siswa
Authors: Dewi Rina Kusuma , Putranto Anggoro
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan yaitu; (1) Dapat mengetahui pengaruh bimbingan luar sekolah terhadap motivasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS kelas IX di SMP Negeri 1 Srengat.(2) Dapat mengetahui pengaruh bimbingan luar sekolah terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS kelas IX di SMP Negri 1 Srengat. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan adalah quasi experiment dengan desain penelitian Single subject design. Populasi pada penelitian yakni semua siswa kelas IX, sampel yang di gunakan yakni 2 kelas IX-I Sebagai Kelas eksperimen dan Kelas IX- J sebagai kelas kontrol. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian adalah angket dan dokumentasi. untuk mengukur keduanya menggunakan uji instrumen validitas dan rehabilitas, uji prasyarat dengan uji normalitas dan homogenitas, serta uji hipotesis menggunakan uji t-test. Hasil dari penelitian yang dilakukan di SMP Negeri 1 Srengat adalah sebagai berikut (1) Ditemukan pengaruh yang signifikan antara bimbingan belajar luar sekolah terhadap motivasi belajar. Hal ini di buktikan dengan hasil uji T-test nilai Sig. (2-tailed) adalah 0,000, maka berdasarkan prinsip pengambilan keputusan0.000 <  0,05 maka Ho di tolak dan Ha  diterima. (2) Ditemukan pengaruh yang signifikan antara bimbingan belajar luar sekolah terhadap hasil belajar. Hal ini diverifikasi dengan hasil uji T-test nilai Sig. (2-tailed) adalah 0,000, maka berdasarkan kriteria pengambilan keputusan0.000 <  0,05 berarti Ha diterima sedangkan Ho ditolak.
 Kata kunci: Bimbingan Belajar, Motivasi Belajar, Hasil Belajar
Fourier series method for the stability solution of simply supported thin beams on two-parameter elastic foundations of the Pasternak, Filonenko-Borodich, Hetenyi or Vlasov models
Authors: Ike Charles Chinwuba
Published: March 2024

The analysis of stability problems of beams on two-parameter foundations (Bo2PFs) is an important part of their design for compressive loads. This work presents novel first principles derivation of the governing differential equations of elastic stability (GDES) of thin beams resting on two-parameter elastic foundations of the Pasternak, Filonenko-Borodich, Hetenyi or Vlasov models. The requirements of translational and rotational equilibrium of all the applied, reactive and internal forces on an infinitesimal segment of the Bo2PF and the laws of infinitesimal calculus were used to formulate the GDES as a fourth order ordinary differential equation (ODE) in terms of the transverse displacement function ux. The GDES is non-homogeneous in the presence of applied transverse load qx but homogeneous when qx vanishes. This study presents the Fourier series method (FSM) for solving the governing differential equation of stability (GDES) for the case of Dirichlet boundary conditions. The FSM has the advantage of amenability to differentiation, and integration due to the orthogonality properties of the sinusoidal functions. Implementation of the FSM by assuming the unknown function in the GDES as a Fourier series of infinite terms and the exploitation of orthogonalization simplifies the problem to an algebraic eigenvalue problem which is the characteristic buckling equation. The exact eigenvalues are found by algebraic solution of the buckling equation. The exact eigenvalues were used to find the exact buckling loads and the exact buckling load coefficients. The critical buckling load was found to correspond to the first buckling mode (n= 1), and is identical with previous solutions in the literature. Numerical calculations for the critical buckling load parameters Kcr were presented for the Bo2PF problem for values of the dimensionless foundation parameters k-1= 0, k-2= 0; k-1= 100, k-2= 0; k-1= 0, k-2= 1; k-1= 100, k-2= 100; k-1= 0, k-2= 2.5; k-1= 100, k-2= 2.5. The present solutions were compared with previous solutions for Kcr in the literature. The comparison shows that the present FSM results are identical with previous results obtained using various other methods such as Recursive Differentiation Method, Finite Element Method, Generalized Integral Transform Method (GITM) and Stodola-Vianello Iteration Method. The study has illustrated the effectiveness of the FSM for solving Bo2PFs.
Hydrological dynamics and water resource availability in the Rift Valley Lakes Basin (Ethiopia), using a WEAP model
Authors: Mohammed Mulugeta , Birhanu Belete , Abegaz Fentaw
Published: March 2024

This study aims to assess hydrologic dynamics and the water resource potential of the Rift Valley Lake Basin (RVLB) in Ethiopia using the Water Evaluation and Planning System (WEAP) model. The surface water of the RVLB comprises streamflow and an open water system. The model was configured with 13 catchments and a monthly time series of approximately 43 years (1981–2022) to address the spatial variability of rainfall-runoff interaction. Statistical performance indicators were used to evaluate the accuracy of the model in simulating streamflows, and the results showed that the coefficient of determination (R2) ranges from 0.82–0.93, Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency (NSE) ranges from 0.68–0.86, percentage of bias (PBIAS) ranges from –9.45 to –1.85, standard deviation ratio (RSR) ranges from 0.35 to 0.59 and index of agreement (IA) ranges from 0.62 to 0.84. The available surface water for abstraction is estimated to be 358 million cubic meters (MCM) available as lake water abstraction, and 6,534 MCM as streamflow water, making it a total surface water flow of 6,892 MCM. Considering the temporal distribution of the surface water sources, 67.5% is available in the rainy season, June–October, and 32.5% during the dry period, November–May, in the basin.
Synthesis of Bis-thiazoles Tethered 1,4-Dihydropyridine and Pyridine Linkers via Simple Oxidation and their Molecular Docking as VEGFR -TK Inhibitors
Authors: Al-Humaidi Jehan Y. , Riyadh Sayed M. , Farag Basant , Zaki Magdi E. A. , Abolibda Tariq Z. , Gomha Sobhi M.
Published: March 2024

Aim:

In this study, a neoteric and expedient oxidation method is applied for a
variety of Hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives such as 1,4-dihydro-
2,6-dimethyl-3,5-diacetylpyridine, 3,5-bis-hydrazono--2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine,
and 3,5-bis-thiazoly-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydro pyridines.

Method:

This simple oxidation is based upon the in situ generation of nitrous acid from
an aqueous sodium nitrite and acetic acid mixture and could be used to downgrade costs,
sustain resources, and minimize chemical wastes. Also, a molecular modeling strategy
was used to study the mechanism of action for various derivatives of bis-hydrazinylidene-
thiazole as the protein Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase
(VEGFR TK) inhibitor through evaluating their binding scores and modes compared
with Sorafenib as a reference standard.

Result:

The results revealed that the interaction of hydrazinylidene and thiazole as an anticancer
Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor has been improved. Conclusion: Additionally, the
compounds exhibiting the highest activity were assessed for their potential anticancer effects
against HepG-2, MCF-7, and WI-38 cells, and the outcomes demonstrated encouraging
activity against cancer.
EACVP: An ESM-2 LM Framework Combined CNN and CBAM
Attention to Predict Anti-coronavirus Peptides
Authors: Zhang Shengli , Jing Yuanyuan , Liang Yunyun
Published: March 2024

Background::

The novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) outbreak in
late 2019 killed millions worldwide. Coronaviruses cause diseases such as severe acute
respiratory syndrome (SARS-Cov) and SARS-COV-2. Many peptides in the host defense
system have antiviral activity. How to establish a set of efficient models to identify
anti-coronavirus peptides is a meaningful study.

Methods::

Given this, a new prediction model EACVP is proposed. This model uses the
evolutionary scale language model (ESM-2 LM) to characterize peptide sequence information.
The ESM model is a natural language processing model trained by machine
learning technology. It is trained on a highly diverse and dense dataset (UR50/D
2021_04) and uses the pre-trained language model to obtain peptide sequence features
with 320 dimensions. Compared with traditional feature extraction methods, the information
represented by ESM-2 LM is more comprehensive and stable. Then, the features are
input into the convolutional neural network (CNN), and the convolutional block attention
module (CBAM) lightweight attention module is used to perform attention operations
on CNN in space dimension and channel dimension. To verify the rationality of
the model structure, we performed ablation experiments on the benchmark and independent
test datasets. We compared the EACVP with existing methods on the independent
test dataset.

Results::

Experimental results show that ACC, F1-score, and MCC are 3.95%, 35.65%
and 0.0725 higher than the most advanced methods, respectively. At the same time, we
tested EACVP on ENNAVIA-C and ENNAVIA-D data sets, and the results showed that
EACVP has good migration and is a powerful tool for predicting anti-coronavirus peptides.

Conclusion::

The results prove that this model EACVP could fully characterize the peptide
information and achieve high prediction accuracy. It can be generalized to different
data sets. The data and code of the article have been uploaded to https://github.-
com/JYY625/EACVP.git.
Artificial Intelligence Application for Anti-tumor Drug Synergy Prediction
Authors: Peng Zheng , Ding Yanling , Zhang Pengfei , Lv Xiaolan , Li Zepeng , Zhou Xiaoling , Huang Shigao
Published: March 2024

:

Currently, the main therapeutic methods for cancer include surgery, radiation
therapy, and chemotherapy. However, chemotherapy still plays an important role in tumor
therapy. Due to the variety of pathogenic factors, the development process of tumors
is complex and regulated by many factors, and the treatment of a single drug is
easy to cause the human body to produce a drug-resistant phenotype to specific drugs
and eventually leads to treatment failure. In the process of clinical tumor treatment, the
combination of multiple drugs can produce stronger anti-tumor effects by regulating multiple
mechanisms and can reduce the problem of tumor drug resistance while reducing
the toxic side effects of drugs. Therefore, it is still a great challenge to construct an efficient
and accurate screening method that can systematically consider the synergistic anti-
tumor effects of multiple drugs. However, anti-tumor drug synergy prediction is of importance
in improving cancer treatment outcomes. However, identifying effective drug
combinations remains a complex and challenging task. This review provides a comprehensive
overview of cancer drug synergy therapy and the application of artificial intelligence
(AI) techniques in cancer drug synergy prediction. In addition, we discuss the
challenges and perspectives associated with deep learning approaches. In conclusion,
the review of the AI techniques' application in cancer drug synergy prediction can further
advance our understanding of cancer drug synergy and provide more effective treatment
plans and reasonable drug use strategies for clinical guidance.
Therapeutic Potential of Traditional Oriental Medicines in Targeting Tau Pathology: Insights from Cell-free and Cell-based Screening
Authors: Park Hyun Ha , Kim Byeong-Hyeon , Leem Seol Hwa , Park Yong Ho , Chung Hyunju , Yoo Doo-Han , Park Insu , Nam Yunkwon , Kim Sujin , Shin Soo Jung , Moon Minho
Published: March 2024

Background:

Traditional Oriental Medicines (TOMs) formulated using a variety
of medicinal plants have a low risk of side effects. In previous studies, five TOMs,
namely Dangguijakyaksan, Hwanglyeonhaedoktang, Ukgansan, Palmijihwanghwan,
and Jowiseungchungtang have been commonly used to treat patients with Alzheimer’s
disease. However, only a few studies have investigated the effects of these five TOMs
on tau pathology.

Objective:

This study aimed to examine the effect of five TOMs on various tau pathologies,
including post-translational modifications, aggregation and deposition, tau-induced
neurotoxicity, and tau-induced neuroinflammation.

Methods:

Immunocytochemistry was used to investigate the hyperphosphorylation of
tau induced by okadaic acid. In addition, the thioflavin T assay was used to assess the effects
of the TOMs on the inhibition of tau K18 aggregation and the dissociation of tau
K18 aggregates. Moreover, a water-soluble tetrazolium-1 assay and a quantitative reverse
transcription polymerase chain reaction were used to evaluate the effects of the
TOMs on tau-induced neurotoxicity and inflammatory cytokines in HT22 and BV2
cells, respectively.

Results:

The five TOMs investigated in this study significantly reduced okadaic acid-induced
tau hyperphosphorylation. Hwanglyeonhaedoktang inhibited the aggregation of
tau and promoted the dissociation of tau aggregates. Dangguijakyaksan and Hwanglyeonhaedoktang
attenuated tau-induced neurotoxicity in HT22 cells. In addition, Dangguijakyaksan,
Hwanglyeonhaedoktang, Ukgansan, and Palmijihwanghwan reduced tauinduced
pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in BV2 cells.

Conclusion:

Our results suggest that five TOMs are potential therapeutic candidates for
tau pathology. In particular, Hwanglyeonhaedoktang showed the greatest efficacy
among the five TOMs in cell-free and cell-based screening approaches. These findings
suggest that Hwanglyeonhaedoktang is suitable for treating AD patients with tau pathology.

other:

.
We Must Abandon the Myth: Oxidized Low-density Lipoprotein is
not a Lipoprotein that Plays a Key Role in Atherogenesis
Authors: Orekhov Alexander N.
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this review is to revisit in detail the arguments supporting or
disproving the hypothesis that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) plays a key role
in atherosclerotic lesion development. The detection of oxidized LDL in vivo was extremely
important for confirming its key role in atherogenesis. Indirect evidence of its
existence included the presence of autoantibodies against malondialdehyde-treated LDL
in human blood; however, the affinity of circulating antibodies to another LDL modification,
such as desialylated LDL, was an order of magnitude stronger. At least 3 forms of
atherogenic modified lipoproteins were isolated from the blood of atherosclerotic patients
using different methods, namely, small dense, electronegative and desialylated.
Their properties were so similar that it was suggested that the three types could be classified
as the same multiple-modified LDL particle. It has been shown that when native (unmodified)
LDL is incubated with autologous serum from patients with atherosclerosis,
multiple modifications occur, which include desialylation, a decrease in the content of
phospholipids and neutral lipids, a decrease in particle size, an increase in negative
charge and other physical and chemical changes. Longer incubation also increased the
susceptibility of LDL to oxidation. Thus, LDL oxidation is not the only, much less the
most important, form of atherogenic modification of LDL since it occurs at the last
stages of multiple modifications cascade and does not significantly increase the atherogenic
potential of multiple-modified LDL. Finally, clinical trials did not support the
oxidative hypothesis; however, research on oxidized LDL continues, influencing the future
research. It is time to abandon the myth!
Armodafinil as a Potential Pharmacological Treatment for Attention
Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults: A Review
Authors: Lamas-Aguilar Reyna , Diaz-Ruiz Araceli , Navarro Luz , Miranda-Ojeda Raúl , de los Ángeles Martínez-Cárdenas María , Mata-Bermudez Alfonso , Rios Camilo
Published: March 2024

Introduction::

Armodafinil is a psychostimulant that promotes alertness, and it has been
shown to improve attention, memory, and fatigue in healthy adults and adults with neurodevelopmental
conditions that share symptoms with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). It is generally
well tolerated and safe, and most of the adverse events reported are considered not serious. However,
the available evidence on the efficacy of armodafinil for the treatment of ADHD in adults is
scarce.

Objective::

The present review aims to perform a systematized search of the available evidence on the
possible therapeutic benefit of armodafinil treatment in adult patients with ADHD.

Methods::

A literature review using PubMed was conducted to compile and summarize the available
clinical and scientific evidence on the possible use of armodafinil as a pharmacological treatment in
adult patients with ADHD.

Results::

From the 86 articles reviewed, the available evidence showed that both acute and chronic
treatment with armodafinil can improve wakefulness, memory, impulse control, and executive functions
in adults with sleep disorders and other conditions. In addition, evidence of improvement in cognitive
functions and mood alterations in other neuropsychiatric conditions was shown.

Conclusion::

Armodafinil could be useful for the treatment of ADHD in adults, according to the
review of the literature from both pre-clinical and clinical studies.
A Mechanistic Review on Protective Effects of Mangosteen and its
Xanthones Against Hazardous Materials and Toxins
Authors: Yahyazadeh Roghayeh , Rahimi Vafa Baradaran , Yahyazadeh Ahmad , Askari Vahid Reza
Published: March 2024

:

Due to its pharmacological properties, α-Mangostin, mainly found in Garcinia mangostana
(G. mangostana) L. (Mangosteen, queen of fruits), treats wounds, skin infections, and many other disorders.
In fact, α-Mangostin and other xanthonoid, including β-Mangostin and γ-Mangostin, are found
in G. mangostana, which have various advantages, namely neuroprotective, anti-proliferative, antinociceptive,
antioxidant, pro-apoptotic, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, and hypoglycemic through multiple
signaling mechanisms, for instance, extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK 1/2), mitogenactivated
Protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), transforming growth factor beta1
(TGF-β1) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). This review presents comprehensive information
on Mangosteen's pharmacological and antitoxic aspects and its xanthones against various natural
and chemical toxins. Because of the insufficient clinical study, we hope the current research can
benefit from performing clinical and preclinical studies against different toxic agents.
Spatiotemporal distribution and burden of hepatitis diseases in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A nationwide analysis
Authors:   Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia, Alzain Mohamed Ali ,   Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Dongola, Dongola, Sudan, Zrieq Rafat ,   Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia,   Applied Science, Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan, Ali Reem M. ,   Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia, Tirawi Anas O. ,   Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan, Alazzeh Awfa Y. ,   Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia, Attili Rozan ,   Medical Laboratory Science, Pharmacy and Medical Science, Hebron University, Hebron, Palestine, Alshammari Hamoud F. ,   Department of Health Administration, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia, Algahtani Fahad D. ,   Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
Published: March 2024

Hepatitis infection poses a significant challenge to global health. Saudi Arabia is also at risk from this illness, but as of now, there hasn't been a comprehensive countrywide study to examine how widespread and serious this disease is within the nation. This study aimed to look into how hepatitis disease is distributed over time and space within Saudi Arabia and to understand its impact. We used data from the Saudi Arabian Ministry of Health to conduct descriptive analyses. Our time-based analysis from 2014 to 2019 showed a rise in the number of hepatitis cases. In 2019, our place-based analysis found that the rate of hepatitis infections differed across various areas, with the Jazan region experiencing the highest rates. Hepatitis B was identified as the most frequent type, making up 68% of all hepatitis infections, followed by hepatitis C (27%) and hepatitis A (5%). Among the regions, Al-Jouf had the highest rate of hepatitis A infections. Jazan saw the highest rate of hepatitis B, and Mecca had the highest rate for hepatitis C. Our study of different population groups found that men, Saudi nationals, and individuals older than 45 years had higher rates of hepatitis compared to others. These results offer important insights for public health authorities and medical professionals to create effective prevention and treatment strategies that are specifically designed for those most at risk and areas that are most affected.
Manifestations of Criminal Professionalism in the Activities of Robber Gangs of Pre-Revolutionary Russia
Authors: Zarubina K. A.
Published: March 2024

Relevance. Professional crime is one of the most dangerous, relatively independent types of crime, which poses a serious threat to modern society and the state. Currently, there is no unified approach to assessing the state, dynamics and trends of this dangerous criminal phenomenon. Mechanisms to combat this type of criminal activity that are adequate to the level of danger have not been identified. In this regard, special studies of professional crime in all its complexity and ambiguity are becoming particularly relevant, including those affecting certain issues of the evolution of this dangerous criminal phenomenon in time and space.

The purpose. He purpose of the study is a theoretical analysis and definition of the socio-legal essence of professional crime in pre-revolutionary Russia (using the example of the analysis of socially dangerous activities of robber gangs).

Objectives: to analyze the domestic legislation of the pre-revolutionary period, providing for accountability for repeated robbery; to determine the specifics of committing crimes on a professional basis by robber gangs in prerevolutionary Russia; to identify elements of the criminal subculture supported by the community of professional robbers in the period under study in Russia.

Methodology. To achieve this goal, such general scientific and private scientific research methods as the method of analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparative legal and chronological methods were used.

Results. It was determined that many robbers who traded on the «high roads» during the studied period possessed all the signs of criminal professionalism: the presence of criminal specialization, qualifications, perception of criminal activity as a source of income, connections with the criminal world, including those expressed in the perception and multiplication of values and norms of the emerging criminal subculture.

Conclusion. By the end of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, a monolithic, well–structured consolidated and criminal world had formed in Russia, in which the professional criminal «core» played a special role. Professional robbers occupied not the least place in the criminal hierarchy, causing significant harm to economic relations in society and the national security of the country.
Military Education and Military-Physical Training of Schoolchildren in the Chkalovsk (Orenburg) Region During the Great Patriotic War
Authors: Khisamutdinova R. R. , Aptikiev A. Kh.
Published: March 2024

The relevance of studying the problem of military education and military physical training of schoolchildren of the Chkalovsky (Orenburg) region during the Great Patriotic War has scientific, practical and cognitive significance, since the study of this topic reveals the regional aspect of the problem.

The purpose of the study is to study military education and military physical training of school students of the Chkalov (Orenburg) region during the war as a scientific problem.

The objectives are a systematic analysis of military training and military-physical training of schoolchildren in the region during the war period, revealing the difficulties and complexities of solving this problem.

The methodology of the work is based on following the principles of historicism, consistency and objectivity. Both general scientific methods of cognition (analysis, synthesis) and special historical methods were used: problemchronological, comparative historical.

Results. During the Great Patriotic War, the issue of organizing military-physical training of high school students on a large state scale became particularly acute. It was thanks to the purposeful and coordinated work of all authorities to solve this problem in the schools of the country, including the Chkalov region, that relatively prepared reinforcements arrived in the troops.

Conclusion. With the outbreak of the war, there was a practical need for students to undergo military training while still at school, since many after graduation entered the active army. Although this work was launched in the prewar years, but in the conditions of the Great Patriotic War it took on a full-scale character. The country's leadership was able to build in extreme conditions a fairly effective system of training young people for military trials, as close as possible to combat. However, the solution to this problem has caused a number of difficulties in the Chkalov region: incomplete staffing of schools with military instructors and teachers of military affairs; low general education and pedagogical training of some of them; staff turnover; insufficient material provision of schools with sports, gymnastics and military equipment. However, these problems were gradually resolved over the course of the war.
Development of Digital Technologies in the Procedures of Administration of Public Non-Tax Payments
Authors: Kurkin I. V.
Published: March 2024

Relevance. The effectiveness of administration in any of the spheres of legal regulation is determined by the ability of the relevant sphere to adapt to the changing conditions of public relations, allowing it to develop and improve in proportion to the demands formed by the existing living conditions. The permanent development of digital technologies is one of the distinctive features of modernity, which, in turn, requires their timely and effective use in the process of legal regulation. The sphere of administration of public non-tax payments is no exception. The use of various IT technologies in the field of administration of taxes and fees, which has recently become habitual, remains uncharacteristic for the administration of a «parallel tax system», which significantly hinders the systemic development of the relevant sphere of legal regulation.

The purpose is a theoretical and legal study of the state of digitalization of the administration of public non-tax payments, the impact of the use of IT technologies on the efficiency of administration.

The objectives of this research are a comparative analysis of the use of IT technologies in the administration of public tax and non-tax payments, as well as the development of specific practice-oriented proposals for the introduction of digital government information services in the regulation of the payment of the latter.

The methodology of this scientific research is based on the dialectical universal method, and also includes methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, logical, comparative legal and legal modeling.

Results. In the course of this scientific research, a comparative legal analysis of the use of IT technologies in the administration of public tax and non-tax payments was carried out, specific practice-oriented conclusions were formulated to increase the level of digitalization of the administration of public non-tax payments.

Conclusion. The level of digitalization of the process of administration of public non-tax payments is significantly lower than the level of digitalization of the process of administration of tax payments, and therefore there is a need to borrow IT technologies used by tax control authorities in the process of administration of payments not included in the Tax Code of the Russian Federation.
Disparidades en el Crecimiento Económico entre China y México
Authors: Calderon-Villarreal Cuauhtemoc , Hernández -Bielma Leticia
Published: March 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es aplicar el modelo de la regla simple de Thirlwall para analizar las causas de las tasas divergentes de crecimiento de equilibrio entre China y México. Se utiliza el método Fully Modified OLS de Peter C. B. Phillips y Bruce E. Hansen. Este enfoque ofrece estimaciones precisas para las relaciones de largo plazo entre el PIB y las exportaciones, abordando la endogeneidad y la autocorrelación. Mediante este estimador, obtuvimos las tasas de crecimiento de equilibrio del PIB y las elasticidades ingreso de la demanda de importaciones. Se recomienda implementar políticas industriales y comerciales en México para impulsar su crecimiento. Una limitante es que no se realizó un análisis más detallado del crecimiento diferenciado, por lo que habría que explorar más adelante la versión ampliada de Ley de Thirlwall. La originalidad de nuestro trabajo consiste en que contribuye a la comprensión de las disparidades de crecimiento económico entre China y México. En conclusión, evidenciamos las distintas capacidades de crecimiento en función de las restricciones de las cuentas corrientes de cada país.
Focos de ciencia, tecnología e innovación para el sector agropecuario colombiano
Authors: Ovalle Juan Camilo , Romero Perdomo Felipe , Uribe Galvis Claudia Patricia , Jiménez Guzmán Ana María , Molano Bernal Lilia Constanza , Santana Medina Jairo Javier , Zambrano Adriana Del Pilar , Moreno Valderrama María Nancy , Yepes Vargas Luz Andrea , Perdomo Villamil Yehismi Lorena , García González Diana Maritza , Rincón Novoa Rubiela , Ramírez Beltrán Angélica María , Garavito Arcos Heydi Carolina
Published: March 2024

Con el propósito de difundir y apoyar el análisis sectorial de las demandas de los departamentos de Colombia frente al PECTIA, el presente documento realiza un análisis de contexto desde un marco político, normativo e institucional, que recurre a tendencias de investigación y agenda I+D+i, en el que se incluye información de cada uno de los seis focos. Posterior al análisis de contexto se hace un breve recorrido por los aspectos más relevantes de cada foco, contemplando e identificando limitantes y oportunidades para el sector agropecuario nacional.
The COVID-19 Pandemic and Internet Searches for Divorce with Stay-at-Home Behavior as a Mediator: A Multinational Longitudinal Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chen MD, PhD I-Ming , Cheng MD Lung-Hua , Lin MD, PhD Yu-Hsuan , Lin MD, ScD Sheng-Hsuan , Hsia ScM Pei-Hsuan
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, varying impacts on family dynamics have been observed, with an intriguing paradox of declining divorce rates despite increased strains such as intimate partner violence.

OBJECTIVE

This study investigates the pandemic's influence on divorce contemplations through internet search behaviors across 45 countries over an extended period, considering the role of stay-at-home behavior and national income levels.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis was conducted using Google Trends data on divorce search volumes and Google Location History for stay-at-home behavior, alongside COVID-19 death rates, from March 2020 to October 2022. A causal mediation analysis explored the mediation effect of stay-at-home behavior on the relationship between the pandemic's severity and divorce-related searches.

RESULTS

Across all countries, the initial two years of the pandemic saw a significant association between COVID-19 death rates and a decrease in divorce search volumes, without a notable mediation effect. In the third year, the mediation effect of stay-at-home behavior became significantly positive. Notably, in high-income countries, this mediation effect became increasingly significant, contrasting with middle-income countries where the initial negative association between COVID-19 death rates and divorce searches weakened over time.

CONCLUSIONS

The interplay between the pandemic and stay-at-home behavior on marital reconsideration transitions from acting as a protective buffer to facilitating an increase in divorce contemplations. This underscores the importance of adaptable support strategies in response to changing societal dynamics.
Centering Birthing Experiences of Women of Color: Protocol for a Qualitative Maternal Near Miss Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hernandez-Green Natalie , Hernandez-Spalding Kaitlyn , Farinu Oluyemi , Clarke Lasha , Lewis Tamiah , Suarez Angie , Bugg Kimarie , Zimmerman Raya , Hunt Nicole , Bussa Biftu , Strickland Kieauna , Molleti Ashley , Maxy Sherry , Preimesberger Elaine , Oladimeji Bilikis
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

In the US, Black women are 3–4 times more likely to experience maternal near miss (MNM) or severe maternal morbidity (SMM) than non-Hispanic White women [1]. However, there is limited narrative-based investigation into Black and other marginalized women’s maternal near miss experiences. Additionally, limited extant research on the impact of MNM and SMM on birthing women’s family/support persons and healthcare providers precludes development of multilevel, patient-centered methods to eliminate these racial/ethnic disparities.

OBJECTIVE

This paper presents the protocol for a study that aims to draw insights from the experiences of racially and socioeconomically diverse mothers with maternal near miss and/or severe maternal morbidity, their family/support persons (e.g., partners), and healthcare providers to inform legislation, clinical practice, and infrastructure for optimal social support.

METHODS

Morehouse School of Medicine (MSM) will partner with health services and community-based organizations to promote inclusive participant recruitment for this multiphase study. In phase 1, we will conduct qualitative interviews will be conducted with birthing women (n ≤ 120) who have experience MNM and/or SMM. In phase 2, we will conduct qualitative interviews with the following groups: birthing women’s partners/support persons (n ≤ 50); healthcare providers serving birthing women (n ≤ 50); and adults who lost their mothers to pregnancy related complications (n ≤ 50). In each phase, the total number of participants interviewed will be based on theoretical saturation, i.e., the point in iterative data collection and analysis when all important insights have been exhausted from the data already available.

RESULTS

Recruitment for Phase 1 started in July 2021. As of March 2024, we have recruited 92 racially and socioeconomically diverse birthing women. Of those, 75% self-identified as Black or African American, 19% as Hispanic or Latina, and 9% as Native American or Alaska Native. Severe preeclampsia accounted for 46% of participants’ pregnancy-related adverse experiences. Qualitative interviews grounded in narrative-based medicine are ongoing. Recruitment for Phase 2 will occur between July 2023 and July 2024. Study results will be published in peer-reviewed scientific journals.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings from this research will deepen understanding of how severe obstetric complications: (1) are experienced by birthing women; (2) perceived by their partners, support persons, health providers; and (3) impact the lives of bereaved family and community members.
Data Integrity Issues With Web-Based Studies: An Institutional Example of a Widespread Challenge (Preprint)
Authors: French Blandine , Babbage Camilla , Bird Katherine , Marsh Lauren , Pelton Mirabel , Patel Shireen , Cassidy Sarah , Rennick-Egglestone Stefan
Published: March 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

This paper reports on the growing issues experienced when conducting web-based–based research. Nongenuine participants, repeat responders, and misrepresentation are common issues in health research posing significant challenges to data integrity. A summary of existing data on the topic and the different impacts on studies is presented. Seven case studies experienced by different teams within our institutions are then reported, primarily focused on mental health research. Finally, strategies to combat these challenges are presented, including protocol development, transparent recruitment practices, and continuous data monitoring. These strategies and challenges impact the entire research cycle and need to be considered prior to, during, and post data collection. With a lack of current clear guidelines on this topic, this report attempts to highlight considerations to be taken to minimize the impact of such challenges on researchers, studies, and wider research. Researchers conducting web-based research must put mitigating strategies in place, and reporting on mitigation efforts should be mandatory in grant applications and publications to uphold the credibility of web-based research.
A Review of Brain Tumor Detection Techniques Using YOLOv8
Authors: Patel Saqib , Kadam Yashraj , Thombare Abhishek , Salvi Kshitij , Jadhav Dr Dattatray
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Brain tumors, whether benign or malignant, pose significant risks, especially in children and young adults, impacting both life expectancy and quality of life. This review addresses the critical importance of early detection and treatment of brain tumors. With a focus on artificial intelligence, particularly object detection using the YOLOv8 model, the paper explores the potential for accurate and efficient brain tumor detection from magnetic resonance images (MRI). The YOLOv8 model is known for its real-time performance, efficiency, and high accuracy, making it a promising tool in the field of medical image analysis. The paper presents a method for brain cancer detection and localization, discusses experimental results, reviews the state-of-theart literature, and outlines future research directions.[1-22]
Overview of Mobile Technologies in 5G Networking and Communication
Authors: Sheela V. , Rathiga Dr. P.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Fifth-generation technology (5G) is a more recent generation of mobile networks used in wireless communication. Everyone has access to high-speed internet via 5G at anytime, anyplace. 5G is a little bit different because of its new functions, which include linking people and controlling machines, objects, and devices. Differentiated performance and capability brought about by the 5G mobile system will create new user experiences and link new businesses. As a result, it's critical to understand how the business may profit from 5G. In this paper presents an evaluation in the area of mobile communication technologies. Technologies including MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output), beamforming, network slicing, mm wave frequency, small cell, different antenna technology and mobile edge computing are also included in 5G.
Development of Automobile Aluminum/CFRP Hybrid Steering Knuckle
Authors: Real Surjeetsingh B
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The suspension system of a vehicle plays an important part in precisely controlling the stir of the wheel throughout the trip. The perpendicular and the side dynamics (lift and running) are affected by the unsprung to sprung mass rate. Lower value of this mass rate leads to enhanced performance of the auto. Light weight and low fuel consumption are the two main demands for a vehicle. To optimize the unsprung mass of the auto, the design of the control arm plate is optimized with Aluminum material, and Carbon fiber corroborated compound control arm frames are used to achieve high stiffness to weight rate. This leads to an increase in the overall power-to-freight rate of the auto which helps to deliver maximum performance to the Vehicle. The improved design obtained had achieved 45.8% reduction of mass while meeting the strength requirement
X-BAND Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna: Design, Simulation, and Analysis
Authors: Katke Kiran , Popalghat S. K.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Microstrip Patch Antennas (MPA) have shown to be the most unusual finding in the era of downsizing, despite the fact that the revolution in antenna engineering has led to the rapidly expanding communication networks. The design, modeling, and analysis of rectangular microstrip patch antennas are all included in this study. The suggested patch antennas' resonating frequency is 9 GHz, which falls inside the X band area. Ansys HFSS software was used to design them using Rogers RT/duroid 5880 material, which has a dielectric constant of 2.2. Five performance metrics were used to assess the suggested MPAs: return loss, bandwidth, VSWR, gain, and HPBW. The requested information pertains to the measurements of return loss, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), and half power beamwidth (HPBW). The suggested antennas are suitable for use in radar, wireless, and satellite applications.
WiFi-Tally: Crowd Monitoring and Counting: Review
Authors: Tiwari Anushka , Srivastava Arpit , Attri Deepesh , Pandey Rajeev
Published: March 2024

Abstract: WiFiTally is a cutting-edge technology designed for monitoring and counting crowds in public spaces using Wi-Fi signals. Imagine a system that can track and analyze the movement of people in areas like shopping malls, airports, or event venues without invading privacy. WiFiTally achieves this by tapping into the Wi-Fi signals emitted by smartphones and other connected devices carried by individuals. In simple terms, WiFiTally observes the patterns of Wi-Fi signals within a designated area, providing insights into crowd density and movement. Instead of relying on traditional methods like cameras, this technology prioritizes privacy by using existing Wi-Fi signals that people willingly emit from their devices. The process involves collecting anonymous data from Wi-Fi signals and transforming it into valuable information about crowd size and flow. It doesn't identify individuals; instead, it focuses on overall trends, helping businesses and event organizers make informed decisions about crowd management. WiFiTally offers a non-intrusive and privacy-friendly solution for understanding and optimizing crowd dynamics. This abstract aims to introduce the concept of WiFiTally crowd monitoring and counting, emphasizing its user-friendly approach and respect for personal privacy in public spaces.