bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La création d’un standard européen ou l’époque des « arrêts fondateurs »
Authors: Gomez Fernandez Itziar
Published: March 2022

Au moment de la célébration des soixante ans du fonctionnement de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme et après plus de 20.000 arrêts, il est particulièrement intéressant de réfléchir sur le patrimoine doctrinal contenu dans ce corpus contentieux. Cet article identifie les critères pertinents pour sélectionner les « arrêts phares » de la Cour européenne. Après la présentation du mode d’identification choisi par l’auteur, celle-ci retrace l’histoire de vingt-sept arrêts prononcés entre 1960 et 1979, et des questions juridiques clés qu’ils abordent et qui participent du capital théorique et jurisprudentiel du système de garantie des droits de l’homme du Conseil de l’Europe. Un capital qui permet de continuer à résoudre les grands problèmes d’atteinte aux droits au sein du continent, qui ne sont pas si éloignés de ceux qui sont apparus il y a soixante ans.
Le Protocole n o 16 mobilisé par la Cour constitutionnelle arménienne ou la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme au cœur d’une affaire politique
Authors: Galustian Gohar
Published: March 2022

Dans son deuxième avis consultatif, la Cour adopte une position prudente quant à la législation par référence et l’application rétroactive de la loi pénale. Mais elle saisit pleinement l’occasion pour, d’une part, dessiner les contours d’un dialogue apaisé avec les juges constitutionnels et, d’autre part, éclairer l’articulation complexe d’un méta-renvoi préjudiciel impliquant les normes constitutionnelles.
Conditions de détention en France : double ricochet de l’arrêt J.M.B. et autres c. France
Authors: Roets Damien
Published: March 2022

Après le retentissant arrêt J.M.B. e.a. c. France du 30 janvier 2020 par lequel la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme a recommandé à l’État français d’adopter, dans un contexte de surpopulation carcérale endémique, des mesures générales susceptibles d’offrir aux personnes détenues des conditions d’incarcération respectueuses du principe de dignité et d’établir un recours leur permettant de mettre fin à des conditions de détention constitutives d’un traitement dégradant, la question se posait de savoir quelle serait la réaction des autorités nationales. Cette réaction s’est produite en deux temps. Dans un premier temps, la chambre criminelle de la Cour de cassation, dans deux arrêts en date du 8 juillet 2020, a estimé, en se référant explicitement à l’arrêt J.M.B. e.a. c. France , qu’il convenait d’appliquer le droit européen des droits de l’homme sans attendre une éventuelle modification des textes et que, partant, le juge judiciaire devait pouvoir mettre fin à des conditions de détention contraires à l’article 3 de la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme. Moins de trois mois après, dans les mêmes affaires, saisi dans le cadre de deux questions prioritaires de constitutionnalité, le Conseil constitutionnel a abrogé, avec effet différé au 1 er  mars 2021, des dispositions lacunaires du Code de procédure pénale, contraignant le législateur à instaurer, à cette date, un recours judiciaire aux fins de permettre aux personnes placées en détention provisoire dans des conditions indignes de former une demande de mise en liberté.
Le recours au mécanisme dérogatoire en période de Covid-19 ou le droit international des droits de l’homme à la croisée des chemins
Authors: Afroukh Mustapha
Published: March 2022

La lutte contre la pandémie de Covid-19 constitue une crise sans précédent et un défi pour le droit international des droits de l’homme. Aussi, cette étude se propose d’examiner, à l’aune de la pratique des États, les conséquences à long terme sur le régime des atteintes aux droits.
L’état de crise au Luxembourg face à l’article 15 de la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme
Authors: Moyse François
Published: March 2022

Pour la première fois, le Luxembourg a appliqué les dispositions constitutionnelles nouvellement adoptées sur l’état de crise, en raison de la pandémie mondiale de Covid-19. Le présent article en analyse l’application en relation avec l’article 15 de la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme, que le Luxembourg n’a pas actionné dans cette crise.
La décision du Comité pour l’élimination de la discrimination raciale relative à sa compétence adoptée le 12 décembre 2019 au regard de la communication interétatique déposée par l’État de Palestine contre Israël
Authors: Decaux Emmanuel
Published: March 2022

En 2018, le Comité pour l’élimination de la discrimination raciale a reçu pour la première fois depuis cinquante ans des communications interétatiques en vertu de l’article 11 de la Convention internationale sur l’élimination de toutes les formes de discrimination raciale. La communication introduite par l’État de Palestine contre Israël a soulevé une question préalable concernant la compétence du Comité. Le présent article analyse de manière critique la décision du 12 décembre 2019 par laquelle le Comité se déclare compétent pour examiner cette communication interétatique.
Démocratie illibérale et concept de droit
Authors: Dubout Édouard
Published: March 2022

Un moyen de comprendre l’expansion du phénomène des « démocraties illibérales », en Europe et ailleurs, est de l’envisager comme une réaction au passage d’une conception formelle à une conception substantielle du droit. Face à ce double phénomène de transformation de la démocratie et du droit, une alternative se dessine : revenir à une approche procédurale du droit qui ne correspond plus à ce qu’est la réalité moderne de l’État de droit démocratique, ou tenter de s’aventurer plus avant dans une approche morale du droit au risque de perdre la guerre des valeurs face aux conceptions illibérales.
La réouverture des négociations sur l’adhésion de l’Union à la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme : clap final ou tapisserie de Pénélope ?
Authors: Jacqué Jean Paul
Published: March 2022

Après un long moment de réflexion au sein de l’Union à la suite de l’avis 2/13 de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne, les négociations sur l’adhésion de l’Union à la Convention européenne viennent de reprendre. Elles ont pour objet d’obtenir que les objections soulevées par la Cour de justice soient prises en considération par les États parties à la Convention qui ne sont pas membres de l’Union. La difficulté est de convaincre ceux-ci, attachés au système de la Convention, d’accepter les modifications exigées par la Cour de justice. Un accord est difficile à trouver entre des exigences contradictoires et seule une volonté politique forte parviendra à surmonter les nombreux obstacles techniques qui perdurent de part et d’autre.
La Cour constitutionnelle belge taille-t-elle en pièces l’effectivité du droit à la traduction (de pièces) sollicitée par un inculpé en cours d’instruction ?
Authors: Monville Pierre , de Nanteuil Marion
Published: March 2022

Le droit belge ne prévoit aucun recours contre une décision de ne pas faire droit à une demande de traduction de pièces essentielles formulée par un justiciable pendant le cours d’une instruction judiciaire. Par son arrêt du 24 septembre 2020, la Cour constitutionnelle belge a considéré que cette absence de recours était conforme à la Constitution et à la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme. Cet arrêt appelle un commentaire critique.
Les défaillances systémiques concernant l’indépendance du pouvoir judiciaire polonais : un coup d’arrêt à l’exécution des mandats d’arrêt européens émis par la Pologne ?
Authors: Giacometti Mona
Published: March 2022

La Cour de justice de l’Union européenne s’est penchée sur les conséquences à tirer de la situation de l’État de droit en Pologne et, particulièrement, le manque d’indépendance de son pouvoir judiciaire lorsqu’il est question de procéder à l’exécution d’un mandat d’arrêt européen émis par une juridiction polonaise. Si la Cour maintient le principe de la remise de la personne recherchée, elle confirme néanmoins sa jurisprudence antérieure permettant d’y déroger, mais seulement, à titre exceptionnel, lorsqu’il existe un risque réel, en fonction des circonstances concrètes de l’affaire en cause, de violation des droits fondamentaux de la personne concernée.
Pas de nécessité à diffuser les enregistrements à l’origine de l’affaire Bettencourt
Authors: Dreyer Emmanuel
Published: March 2022

La Cour européenne des droits de l’homme approuve les demandes de retrait des extraits et transcriptions d’écoutes téléphoniques mis en ligne sur le site de Mediapart. Elle estime que ces documents révèlent la vulnérabilité de M me  Bettencourt et portent ainsi atteinte à sa vie privée. Elle considère que cette mesure de retrait n’a pas été excessive dès lors que la responsabilité pénale du journaliste et du directeur de la publication n’a pas été engagée.
Les décisions 3042/2017 et 3043/2017 du Comité des droits de l’homme : en matière d’opérations de recherche et de sauvetage en haute mer : effets incitants ou dissuasifs ?
Authors: Delval Eugénie
Published: March 2022

Dans ses décisions 3042/2017 et 3043/2017, le Comité des droits de l’homme a décidé que tant Malte que l’Italie avaient exercé conjointement leur juridiction vis-à-vis de migrants en détresse en haute mer, de sorte que ces États étaient tenus à une obligation positive de protection de leur droit à la vie. Si les décisions permettent de combler dans une certaine mesure un vide juridique, l’approche fonctionnelle de la juridiction adoptée par le Comité soulève d’importantes questions d’effectivité.
La crise sanitaire du Covid-19 derrière le masque : l’antinomie dans les droits fondamentaux
Authors: van Nuffel Emmanuel
Published: March 2022

Des leçons qui sont encore à tirer de la crise sanitaire du Covid-19, le masque, qui est une nécessité pour retrouver l’exercice des droits fondamentaux et des libertés individuelles dans l’espace public, montre autre chose qu’une restriction évitable. Au contentieux des droits fondamentaux, en Belgique et en France, la protection de l’autre est son objet et justifie la restriction comme sa levée. Derrière cela, ce sont la solidarité et la responsabilité qui sont à l’œuvre, ni une obligation ni un droit, mais des valeurs.
L’exploitation du milieu extra-atmosphérique lointain : Quels enjeux géopolitiques ? Le cas des missions spatiales lunaires
Authors: Marchand Pierre
Published: March 2022

‟ Nous avons la technologie pour retourner sur la Lune et renouveler le leadership américain dans l’exploration spatiale humaine ”. Ces mots, prononcés par l’ancien vice-président américain Mike Pence lors de la 5 e  réunion du National Space Council rappellent que l’espace est au cœur d’am­bitions et de rivalités croissantes. Les développements technologiques de ces dernières années ont rendu l’espace plus accessible. Plus de 70 États disposent désormais de leurs propres satellites en orbite. En outre, la création de nouveaux programmes spatiaux à destination de la Lune et de Mars révèle que l’espace lointain apparaît désormais comme une nouvelle priorité straté­gique pour les puissances spatiales. En prenant l’exemple des projets à destina­tion de la Lune, cet article invite à s’interroger sur les enjeux géopolitiques liés à l’exploitation des corps célestes et au retour des missions habitées dans l’espace lointain.
Le New Space extra-atmosphérique : vecteur d’égalisation stratégique ou nouveau heartland de la distribution de la puissance ?
Authors: Lekini Eric Bertrand
Published: March 2022

L’intérêt pour l’extra-atmosphérique est-il un accident straté­gique ? un craquement de l’équilibre de puissance ? ou le signe futur des nou­veaux enjeux de puissance sur la scène internationale ? Dans cet essai dont la trame principale est de savoir comment le rapport puissance et espace extra-atmosphérique contribue à faire du New Space , le heartland ou le nouveau facteur structurant de la distribution de la puissance, l’objectif est de saisir les circonstances et variables qui expliquent cette transformation.
Cognitive Remediation Therapy for Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Cho Chul-Hyun
Published: March 2022

Cognitive dysfunctions persist after recovery from acute depression and are considered a risk factor for its recurrence. Improving neurocognitive and psychosocial functioning is a main treatment goal for depression. This manuscript reviews currently available treatment options for cognitive dysfunction of depression. Pharmacotherapy has not shown satisfactory effects on cognitive dysfunction. Cognitive behavioral therapy also can be applied to improve cognitive dysfunction in major depressive disorder. Cognitive remediation treatment (CRT) is an attractive treatment option for neurocognitive symptoms in major depressive disorder. CRT has shown beneficial effects on depressive symptoms, psychosocial functioning, and cognitive functioning. Recently, digital therapeutics have emerged as a new treatment modality to enhance and maintain the efficacy of CRT. Well-designed, well-powered randomized controlled trials are needed to investigate the short- and long-term effects of CRT on depressive symptoms and cognitive functioning. Optimal treatment protocol format according to specific subgroups of depression is also needed.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2022;52(3):109–113.]
Polynomial ergodic averages for certain countable ring actions
Authors: Best Andrew , Moragues Andreu Ferré
Published: March 2022

A recent result of Frantzikinakis in [17] establishes sufficient conditions for joint ergodicity in the setting of \begin{document}$ \mathbb{Z} $\end{document}-actions. We generalize this result for actions of second-countable locally compact abelian groups. We obtain two applications of this result. First, we show that, given an ergodic action \begin{document}$ (T_n)_{n \in F} $\end{document} of a countable field \begin{document}$ F $\end{document} with characteristic zero on a probability space \begin{document}$ (X,\mathcal{B},\mu) $\end{document} and a family \begin{document}$ \{p_1,\dots,p_k\} $\end{document} of independent polynomials, we have

   \begin{document}$ \lim\limits_{N \to \infty} \frac{1}{|\Phi_N|}\sum\limits_{n \in \Phi_N} T_{p_1(n)}f_1\cdots T_{p_k(n)}f_k\ = \ \prod\limits_{j = 1}^k \int_X f_i \ d\mu, $\end{document}

where \begin{document}$ f_i \in L^{\infty}(\mu) $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ (\Phi_N) $\end{document} is a Følner sequence of \begin{document}$ (F,+) $\end{document}, and the convergence takes place in \begin{document}$ L^2(\mu) $\end{document}. This yields corollaries in combinatorics and topological dynamics. Second, we prove that a similar result holds for totally ergodic actions of suitable rings.
On the Cauchy problem for a nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Authors: Wang Hongwei , Esfahani Amin
Published: March 2022

This paper considers the one-dimensional Schrödinger equation with nonlocal nonlinearity that describes the interactions of nonlinear dispersive waves. We obtain some the local well-posedness and ill-posedness result associated with this equation in the Sobolev spaces. Moreover, we prove the existence of standing waves of this equation. As corollary, we derive the conditions under which the solutions are uniformly bounded in the energy space.
Some results on the convergence of Hessian operator and $ m-$subharmonic functions
Authors: Hbil Jawhar ,   Department of Mathematics, College of science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia, Zaway Mohamed ,   Department of mathematics, College of science, Shaqra University, P.O. Box 1040, Ad-Dwadimi 1191, Saudi Arabia
Published: March 2022

In this paper we treat the problem of connection between the convergence in $ m- $capacity and the convergence of the Hessian measure for a sequence$ f_j $ of $ m- $subharmonic functions. We prove first that, under some conditions, the convergence of $ f_j $ in capacity $ Cap_m $ implies the weak convergence of the Hessian measures $ H_m(f_j) $. Then we show that the converse sense of convergence is also true in some particular cases.
A Quantum-Inspired Sperm Motility Algorithm
Authors: Hezam Ibrahim M. ,   Statistics and Operations Research Department, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia, Abdul-Raof Osama , Foul Abdelaziz , Aqlan Faisal ,   Operations Research and Decision Support Department, Faculty of Computers and Information, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt,   Industrial Engineering in the School of Engineering, The Behrend College, The Pennsylvania State University, Erie, PA, 16563, USA
Published: March 2022

Sperm Motility Algorithm (SMA), inspired by the human fertilization process, was proposed by Abdul-Raof and Hezam [1] to solve global optimization problems. Sperm flow obeys the Stokes equation or the Schrۤinger equation as its derived equivalent. This paper combines a classical SMA with quantum computation features to propose two novel Quantum-Inspired Evolutionary Algorithms: The first is called the Quantum Sperm Motility Algorithm (QSMA), and the second is called the Improved Quantum Sperm Motility Algorithm (IQSMA). The IQSMA is based on the characteristics of QSMA and uses an interpolation operator to generate a new solution vector in the search space. The two proposed algorithms are global convergence guaranteed population-based optimization algorithms, which outperform the original SMA in terms of their search-ability and have fewer parameters to control. The two proposed algorithms are tested using thirty-three standard dissimilarities benchmark functions. Performance and optimization results of the QSMA and IQSMA are compared with corresponding results obtained using the original SMA and those obtained from three state-of-the-art metaheuristics algorithms. The algorithms were tested on a series of numerical optimization problems. The results indicate that the two proposed algorithms significantly outperform the other presented algorithms.
Statistical solution and piecewise Liouville theorem for the impulsive discrete Zakharov equations
Authors: Miao Binbin ,   Department of Mathematics, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China, Xu Chongbin , Zhao Caidi
Published: March 2022

This article studies the discrete Zakharov equations with impulsive effect. The authors first prove that the problem is global well-posed and that the process formed by the solution operators possesses a pullback attractor. Then they establish that there is a family of invariant Borel probability measures contained in the pullback attractor, and that this family of measures satisfies the Liouville type theorem piecewise and is a statistical solution of the impulsive discrete Zakharov equations.
Low-Cost and Energy-Efficient Alternatives for Home Automation using IoT
Authors: Esquicha-Tejada José David , Copa-Pineda Juan Carlos
Published: March 2022

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the world's population has undergone different changes in which an impact on the use of the internet stands out from daily aspects such as education, commerce, health, among others; which has made us highly dependent on its usage. In this regard, the term Internet of Things (IoT) has been increasingly recognized for its contribution to improving people's life quality, through objects that are integrated and connected to the Internet. This document aims to introduce alternatives for IoT-based home automation making use of NodeMCU, Sinric Pro, and smart voice assistants such as Google Home and Alexa. The proposals are efficient in terms of easy implementation and reduce electricity consumption by around 30%. This document is research that helps families improve their energy efficiency and daily productivity through IoT.
Smart Electrical Devices Control with Intrusion Detection Alert
Authors: Achmad Andani , Muliadi  , Areni Intan Sari , Palantei Elyas , Hadis Muhammad Sabirin , Achmad Andini Dani
Published: March 2022

The consumption of electrical energy always increases every year where one of the causes is lifestyle. A bad lifestyle such as forgetting to turn off the unused electronic devices when they are leaving home is one of the factors for increasing consumption of electrical energy which results in waste. This can occur because the device control system is still done manually. One solution to solve this problem is to implement a remote device control system. Several studies have developed a remote-control system but it is not equipped with features that can determine the condition of the device in normal or damaged conditions, so it is difficult to identify the success of the control. In this paper, an Internet of Things-based electronic device control system has been designed and built which is equipped with a device condition monitoring feature. Light, temperature, thermal and electric current sensors are embedded in the system to determine the condition of the device. The control test on the system was successful with an average response time of 3.32 seconds and the accuracy of sensor readings above 89%. With the implementation of this system, users can easily monitor and control electronic devices anywhere and anytime so that the opportunities for efficient and effective use of electrical energy can be further increased.
Studying the Effectiveness of a Proposed Methodology for Teaching Programming Labs Online and Students’ Perspectives toward it during COVID-19: A Case Study of Hashemite University
Authors: Al Ahmad Ayat Nizar , Obeidallah Randa Ali
Published: March 2022

The global Covid-19 lockdown had shifted traditional learning in universities toward the full implementation of eLearning. This new way of learning had overcome many challenges and showed many potentials as well. During Covid-19; Information Technology students in Hashemite University had experienced learning programming languages labs using different platforms.  Six labs are available: Introduction to C++, Object oriented programming 1, Object oriented programming 2, Visual basic programming, Web programming and introduction to Database. In this paper, the transition of learning programming labs is highlighted based upon students’ perception. New teaching methodology is proposed and applied for teaching programming labs courses completely remotely, the proposed methodology has been assessed out of web structured survey and direct assessment of students.  The results showed that the suggested teaching model for teaching online programming labs successes  preliminary in creating online practical programming environment similar to that available during face-to-face teaching at university, however the methodology must be revised to modify the adopted online programming evaluation system to become more reliable and fair.
Applying Augmented Reality to Chinese Radicals Learning: A Remedial Teaching Experiment in an Elementary School
Authors: Wu Weishen , Yu Yi-Ting , Ashar Muhammad , Kuncoroaji Triyono Indrasiwi , Darmawan Vertic Eridani Budi
Published: March 2022

In the regions of Chinese as the first language, children with backward Chinese characters ability are more likely to give up reading the subject content of long texts, which affects their learning in the long term. This study applies augmented reality (AR) to develop a remedial teaching model for Chinese radical recognition and assesses its effectiveness on underachieved students at an elementary school. Based on several Chinese characters that were easy for children to confuse radicals, an AR app for Android was developed and installed in tablet computers. The remedial teaching model involves students to use AR app to scan radical cards and trigger animations introducing the evolution of radicals. Students can practice Chinese character writing on the tablet computer's screen. With the multiple stimulus of AR, the teacher lead students collaboratively complete the worksheets. To assess students' learning outcomes, a quasi-experimental approach was administrated to 8 second grade students who had backward Chinese literacy, in which qualitative and quantitative data were collected. Results showed this remedial teaching model improved the disadvantaged students’ recognition accuracy on Chinese characters and flips their motivation toward Chinese characters learning. During the remedial teaching program, use of AR was effective to get students more attentions and impressions on Chinese radicals. Finally, Implications for Chinese characters teaching practices are discussed
Design of Children’s Motor Training Tools Using Sensor-Based Agility Components in Physical Education Learning
Authors: Komaini Anton , Hermanzoni  , Handayani Sri Gusti , Rifki Muhamad Sazeli , Kiram Yanuar , Ayubi Novadri
Published: March 2022

Abstract— The This study aims to design a motor skill training tool for children using sensor-based agility components in pgysical education learning. This study uses a research and development design. the materials used are Arduino, Connector, LED, Sensor tool, Power button, and Tool cover.  After the product design is made, Collecting research data by conducting direct interviews with experts. it will then be validated by a competent expert. In this study, we asked for validation from three experts, namely: (1) evaluation and exercise evaluation (2) instrumentation physicist (3) motor skills expert. Collecting research data by conducting direct interviews with experts. Based on the expert validation test, the design of skill training tools using sensor-based agility components gets effective results, so that they can be used to carry out motor skills exercises. The importance of motor skills as the basis for every child's active life, with the help of tools to help children to encourage themselves to practice, Design of motor skills training tools with sensor-based agility components has the potential and effectiveness to train children's motor skills.
Thermal Modelling an LED Bulb using IR Thermography and Bayesian Deconvolution
Authors: Maaspuro Mika
Published: March 2022

This study focuses on LED bulbs where LEDs are typically mounted on a metal core printed circuit board. A sample of LED bulbs having base E27 and a power range between 3.5-11.5 W have been measured. A thermal model will be found using thermal transient testing, infrared thermal measurements, and the Bayesian deconvolution. LED surface temperature will be measured without contact using a low-resolution IR imager. A test facility has been built which automatically switches power on and measures and records samples during the measurement cycle which typically lasts around one hour. This time duration was long enough for reaching the thermal steady-state condition. The procedure uses a measured thermal transient, first calculates the thermal impedance Zth, then the time constant spectrum Rζ(z) using the Bayesian deconvolution. An equivalent thermal network model will be found in Foster-presentation. This can be transformed to Cauer-presentation. The model is a driving point model for thermal impedance and includes thermal resistances and thermal capacitances. FEM simulation gives more detailed information about heat transfer paths and internal temperatures of an LED bulb.
DR-LL Gan: Diabetic Retinopathy Lesions Synthesis using Generative Adversarial Network
Authors: Hameed Abbood Saif , Hamed Haza Nuzly Abdull , Mohd Rahim Mohd Shafry , M. Alaidi Abdul Hadi , Alrikabi Haider Th.Salim
Published: March 2022

— Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a serious consequence of diabetes that seriously impact on the eyes and is a leading cause of blindness. If the lesions in DR arise in the central portion of the fundus, they may result in significant vision loss, which we refer to as Diabetic Macular Edema (DME). Deep learning (DL) techniques are commonly used utilized in ophthalmology for discriminative tasks such as diabetic retinopathy or age-related macular degeneration (AMD) diagnosis. Deep learning techniques typically need huge picture data sets for deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) training, it should be graded by human specialists. According to international protocol, it is classified into five severity categories. However, improving a grading model for high generality needs a significant quantity of balanced training data, which is challenging to obtain, especially at high levels of severity. Typical techniques for data augmentation, in many applications of deep learning in the retinal image processing domain, the difficulty of access to huge annotated datasets and legal concerns about patient privacy are limiting issues. As a result, the concept of creating synthetic retinal pictures that are indistinguishable from actual data has garnered more attention. GANs have been certain to be an effective framework for creating synthetic databases of anatomically accurate retinal fundus pictures. GANs, in particular, have garnered increasing attention in ophthalmology. in this article, we present a loss-less generative adversarial network (DR-LL GAN) to generate good resolution fundus pictures that May be adjusted to include random grading and information about the lesion. As a result, large-scale generated data may be used to train a DR grading and lesion segmentation model with more appropriate augmentation. Our model experiments evaluated on IDRID and MESSIDOR datasets, it's obtained a discrimination loss of 0.69374 and a generation loss of 1.10438, as well as a segmentation accuracy of 0.9840 in our tests. This might support in the optimization techniques of the neural network design and in computer-aided screening of medical picture, thus increasing diagnostic reliability for clinical assessment in the future of sophisticated technological healthcare.
Encryption of Color Image Based on DNA Strand and Exponential Factor
Authors: A. Aljazaery Ibtisam , Alrikabi Haider Th.Salim , Hadi M. Alaidi Abdul
Published: March 2022

— In this study, a new method has been eliciting for encoding 2D and 3D color images. The DNA strand construction was used as the basis for structuring the method. This method consisted of two main stages, the encryption and decryption stages. As each stage includes several operations to reach the desired goal. In the coding stage, a special table was prepared to show the mechanism of work. It starts with encoding the DNA bases into two binary orders, then two zeros are added to the string to finally consist of four binary bits whose size is parallel to the representation of a set of hexadecimal numbers represented in binary, where the XOR operation is then done between the two values to be the result is completely different from the original code. Then the binary values we obtained are converted to decimal values that are placed in an array with the same size as the image to be encoded. Finally, this last array was processed with the exponential function factor, so the final result is a 100% encoded image. In the decoding stage, another algorithm was built that reflects the work of what preceded it in the encryption stage, where the result was an exact copy of the original image. It is worth noting that standard images of different sizes were used as testing images. The performance evaluation of the method was calculated based on several factors: MSE, peak PSNR, and the time required to perform the encoding and decoding process. The method achieved good results when compared with the results of other methods in terms of quality and time.
Médiateurs évangéliques entre « Orient » et « Occident »
Authors: Kaouès Fatiha , Mahieddin Emir
Published: March 2022

Cet article porte sur la fabrique transnationale des imaginaires de l’Orient musulman dans les mouvements évangéliques arabophones entre l’Europe, les États-Unis et le Moyen-Orient, par des acteurs religieux qui se présentent en médiateurs dans la globalisation contemporaine. Ces chrétiens évangéliques arabophones tentent de se construire une place de courtiers culturels dans l’accélération et la densification des interactions globales, à travers lesquelles se constituent et se renforcent les frontières symboliques entre un monde pensé comme « occidental », à la fois chrétien et séculier, et un monde envisagé comme « oriental » et « arabo‑musulman ».
La politique des images
Authors: Aleksic Kassia , Jaoul Nicolas
Published: March 2022

Cet entretien avec Nicolas Jaoul condense les réflexions qui ont accompagné la réalisation de son film Sangharsh, le temps de la lutte (Sister Productions, 2018) tant sur un plan anthropologique, politique et cinématographique. Tournées au moment d’une enquête de thèse qui a duré 4 années, à la fin des années 90 dans l’Uttar Pradesh, en Inde du Nord, les images replongent les spectateur·trices dans le quotidien militant des « Dalits Panthers » et de leur lutte contre les castes. Du fait de choisir de se passer de toute contextualisation historique, culturelle ou sociologique, le montage a expérimenté de manière radicale le passage de l’écriture académique à une logique d’immersion propre au cinéma, facilitant ainsi l’identification du spectateur à ce combat des marges et de battre en brèche toute forme d’exotisme. Ainsi ce film soulève la question : quels nouveaux horizons de compréhension le cinéma peut-il apporter à l’anthropologie, et plus spécifiquement à une anthropologie politique ? L’entretien souligne les transformations induites par l’usage de la caméra dans l’appréhension du terrain. Initialement concentré sur des figures militantes du mouvement, le regard se déplace graduellement vers des personnages de leur entourage familial qui ont su capter l’attention du filmeur et dès lors imposer leur point de vue moins idéologique mais néanmoins pertinent et critique grâce à leur jeu « d’acteurs ». La caméra peut ainsi être pensée comme un dispositif permettant de mettre en avant des modalités de résistances et d’affirmation des plus subalternes dont la parole est moins légitime socialement, face à l’autorité des porte-paroles d’un mouvement. Cela ouvre ainsi de nouvelles pistes de réflexion, notamment méthodologiques, sur les apports possibles du cinéma à l’anthropologie politique.
Free like the other?
Authors: Aterianus-Owanga Alice
Published: March 2022

This article focuses on the different conceptions and experiences of freedom emanating from the teaching of African dances in Europe, more specifically around the Senegalese dance called Sabar. While African dances are frequently promoted as a vector of self “liberation”, in connection with exotic stereotypes about Africa, the ethnography of Sabar teaching situations reveals that these visions are subject to criticism and that a reform of pedagogies and views of the other is also taking place in these classes, particularly around the teaching of the musico-choreographic “game” of Sabar. Through misunderstandings and disappointments, learning the codes of Sabar improvisation sometimes gives rise to fleeting moments of successful choreographic conversation between students and musicians, and to practices of freedom based on a fragile alignment of the codes and emotions of the participants.
Management of oral leukoplakia in patients with Fanconi anemia
Authors: Pippi Roberto , Di Gioia Cira , La Rocca Ursula , Bellisario Amelia , Iori Anna Paola
Published: March 2022

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genetic disease involving an increased risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia and solid tumors, especially head-and-neck squamous cell carcinomas, for which the oral cavity is the most frequent site of occurrence. The patient presented in this study underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and developed nonhomogeneous oral leukoplakia after 7 years, which was promptly removed and diagnosed with high-grade epithelial dysplasia. Many risk conditions for oral squamous cell carcinoma were featured in the present case including FA, allogeneic HSCT, graft-versus-host disease, immunosuppressive therapy, female gender, nonsmoker, tongue location and nonhomogeneous type of leukoplakia. Close follow-up of the entire upper aerodigestive tract mucosa and early removal of all suspected lesions are highly recommended in the management of such patients.
Diagnosing oral lesions in immunocompromised individuals
Authors: James Amritha , Gunasekaran Nandhini , Thayalan Dineshkumar , Krishnan Rajkumar , Mahalingam Ramya
Published: March 2022

Oral lesions are often the first tell-tale sign for human immunodeficiency virus infections (HIV). Numerous oral lesions have been associated with HIV infections, some lesions such as candidiasis being more common than others. Regular oral screening can aid in identifying such lesions allowing for the early diagnosis of HIV and help in monitoring the progression of HIV in such individuals. We report a case of a family who manifested with oral lesions consistent with HIV. A review of literature on diagnosing immunocompromised individuals in clinical practice has also been summarized.
Перечисление паросочетаний в полных $q$-арных деревьях
Authors: Kuz'min Nikita Aleksandrovich , Malyshev Dmitriy Sergeevich
Published: March 2022

В работе исследуется поведение величин $m(T_{q,n})$ и
$im(T_{q,n})$ - количеств паросочетаний и независимых паросочетаний
в $T_{q,n}$ - полном $q$-арном дереве высоты $n$. Показывается,
что для любого $q\geqslant 2$ существует такое $b_q>1$,
что при $n\to+\infty$ справедлива асимптотика
$$
m(T_{q,n})\sim(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+4\cdot q}}2 )^{-1/(q-1)}\cdot(b_q)^{q^n}.
$$
Показывается также, что для любого
$q\in \{1,2,3\}$ существуют числа $a'_q$ и $b'_q>1$ такие, что
$im(T_{q,n})\sim a'_q\cdot (b'_q)^{q^{n}}$ при $n\to+\infty$,
а также для любого достаточно большого $q$ существуют числа
$a^{1}_q\ne a^{2}_q$ и $b'_q>1$ такие, что при $n\to+\infty$
справедливы асимптотики
\begin{gather*}
im(T_{q,3n})\sim a^{1}_q\cdot (b'_q)^{q^{3n}},

im(T_{q,3n+1})\sim a^{2}_q\cdot (b'_q)^{q^{3n+1}},\qquad
im(T_{q,3n+2})\sim a^{1}_q\cdot (b'_q)^{q^{3n+2}}.
\end{gather*}
Библиография: 7 названий.
О полукольце косых многочленов над полукольцом Безу
Authors: Babenko Marina Vladimirovna , Chermnykh Vasilii Vladimirovich
Published: March 2022

В статье изучается полукольцо косых многочленов
над риккартовым полукольцом Безу. Именно,
пусть каждый левый аннуляторный идеал полукольца $S$
является идеалом. Тогда полукольцо косых многочленов
$R=S[x,\varphi]$ является полукольцом без нильпотентных элементов,
и его каждый конечно порожденный левый монический идеал главный
в точности тогда, когда $S$ -
риккартово слева левое полукольцо Безу,
$\varphi$ - жесткий эндоморфизм, $\varphi(d)$ обратим
для любого неделителя нуля $d$. Также нами получена
характеризация полукольца $R$ в терминах пирсовских слоев
полукольца $S$. Выяснено строение левых монических идеалов
полукольца косых многочленов
над риккартовым слева левым полукольцом Безу.
Библиография: 15 названий.
Разрешимость и разрушение слабых решений задач Коши для 3 + 1--мерных уравнений дрейфовых волн в плазме.
Authors: Shafir Roman Sergeevich
Published: March 2022

В данной работе исследуются две задачи Коши,
которые содержат различные нелинейности $|u|^q$ и
$(\partial/\partial t)|u|^q$. Дифференциальный оператор
в этих задачах одинаков. Он определяется формулой:
$\mathfrak{M}_{x,t}:=(\partial^2/\partial t^2)\Delta_{\perp}+
\partial^2/\partial x_3^2$. Задачи имеют
конкретный физический смысл, а именно, они описывают
дрейфовые волны в магнитоактивной плазме. В работе найдены условия,
при которых существуют слабые обобщенные решения данных задач Коши,
а также найдены условия, при которых происходит
разрушение слабых решений этих же задач Коши.
При этом вопрос единственности слабых обобщенных решений задач Коши
пока остается открытым, поскольку условия, при которых решение
будет единственным, пока не были найдены.
Библиография: 20 названий.
Об ассоциированных пространствах
к весовым пространствам Чезаро и Копсона
Authors: Stepanov Vladimir Dmitrievich
Published: March 2022

В работе дано описание ассоциированных пространств
к весовым пространствам Чезаро и Копсона. Ответ дан
в виде точных формул для функционалов,
эквивалентных нормам соответствующих ассоциированных пространств.
Рассмотрены все случаи параметра суммирования и весовых функций.
Библиография: 18 названий.
Конечные группы
с тремя несопряженными максимальными формационными подгруппами
Authors: Vasil'ev Alexander Fedorovich , Murashka Viachaslau Igaravich , Furs Andrei Konstantinovich
Published: March 2022

Получено конструктивное описание
наследственных $Z$-насыщенных формаций $\mathfrak{F}$
конечных разрешимых групп, содержащих всякую разрешимую группу,
имеющую три попарно несопряженные максимальные подгруппы,
принадлежащие $\mathfrak{F}$. Установлено,
что конечная группа $G$ сверхразрешима, если $G$ имеет
три попарно несопряженные сверхразрешимые максимальные подгруппы
и ее коммутант $G'$ нильпотентен.
Библиография: 23 названия.
Операторный асимптотический анализ непрерывных сред
с высококонтрастными включениями
Authors: Kiselev A V , Silva L O , Cherednichenko Kirill Dmitrievich
Published: March 2022

С использованием обобщения понятия
классической вейлевской $m$-функции, а также связанных с ним формул
для резольвент операторов краевых задач изучается
асимптотическое поведение решений "задачи трансмиссии"
для высококонтрастного включения в непрерывной среде.
Для указанной задачи показана
сходимость по норме разности резольвент к предельной задаче
"электростатического" типа. В частности, результаты работы
влекут за собой сходимость спектров семейства задач
с высоким контрастом к спектру предельного оператора
с точной оценкой скорости указанной сходимости.
Разработанный нами метод является общим и
потому может успешно применяться и в других задачах этого типа.
Библиография: 34 названия.
Experimental study on the similarity of gas discharge in low-pressure Argon gaps
Authors: Mathew Prijil , Mathews Sajith T , Issac Paul , Kurian P J
Published: March 2022

Through experiments and theoretical analysis, we investigated the similarity of gas discharge in low-pressure Argon gaps between two plane-parallel electrodes. We found that the breakdown voltages depended not only on gap length and the product of gas pressureand gap length but also on the aspect ratio of the gap, i.e. Ub = f (pd, d/r). When we considered similar discharge gaps, the radius r, gap length d, and gas pressure p fulfilled the conditions of p1 r1 = p2 r2 and p1d1 = p2 d2. In this situation, the reduced field E/p was also constant. The voltage-current characteristic curves of similar gaps were approximately the same, which is a novel experimental result. Comparison of the discharge physical parameters of the scaled-down gap and prototype gap shows that the proportional relations can be derived from the similarity law. Our experimental results provide some instructions on extrapolating two similar gaps and their discharge properties. Application of the similarity law is straightforward when we scale the discharges up or down if they are too small or large.
Young adults after arterial switch operation for transposition of the great arteries in Switzerland: a growing population
Authors: Ruperti-Repilado Francisco Javier , Affolter Jan , Bouchardy Judith , Gabriel Harald , Stämpfli Simon F. , Engel Reto , Schwerzmann Markus , Greutmann Matthias , Tobler Daniel
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Adults with transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) after the arterial switch operation (ASO) are an evolving cohort in adult cardiology. We aimed to analyze cardiac function and cardiac events after transition to the adult clinic in Switzerland.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adults with prior ASO enrolled in the Swiss Adult Congenital HEart disease Registry (SACHER) were included. We analyzed initial cardiac anatomy, surgical history, residual lesions and cardiac function at the time of inclusion, as well as cardiac events during follow-up. Patients were classified as complex (with ventricular septal defect) or simple (with intact interventricular septum) d-TGA.
RESULTS: The cohort included 149 patients (99 simple d-TGA, 50 complex d-TGA; age 21±3 years; 71% male, follow-up 27 [15–46] months). Prior to inclusion, patients with complex d-TGA had undergone more interventions related to the left ventricular outflow tract (16% vs. 3%, p = 0.01). Functional and cardiovascular status were similar between the groups. Eleven patients (7%) had a total of 19 cardiac events (5 complications and 14 re-interventions) during follow-up. Patients with complex d-TGA had more cardiac-related complications compared to those with simple d-TGA (8% vs. 1%, p = 0.03). The frequency of re-interventions was not statistically different between the two groups (12% vs. 4%, p = 0.07). During follow-up, an increase in QRS duration was observed. Other parameters of cardiac function remained unchanged.
CONCLUSION: The majority of adult ASO patients have normal functional class and cardiac function. Complex anatomy and residual lesions play a key role when regarding the occurrence of cardiac-related complications during follow-up. The role of QRS prolongation over time needs to be investigated further.
Terra sigillata Silesiaca – historyczne pokłady śląskiej gliny leczniczej jako środek terapeutyczny
Authors: Spielvogel Izabela , Pająk Maria
Published: March 2022

Terra sigillata Silesiaca – historical deposits of Silesian medicinal clay as therapeutic agent Clays, because of their medicinal properties, have been intuitively used in healing in all parts of the world since ancient times. The discovery of medicinal clay deposits used in Silesia – terra sigillata Silesiaca – dates back to 1550. The deposits were described in 1586 in a work published in Nuremberg entitled Judieum de terra sigillata strigoviensis. The author of the publication was the discoverer of Silesian healing clays – a Renaissance physician and geologist from Strzegom – Johann Schulz (1531–1604), known as Johannes Montanus. This discovery was also mentioned in 1583 by Andreas Berthold, an alchemist and empiricist, who was not a physician, in his work entitled Terrae sigillatae nuper in Germania repertae and Caspar Schwenckfeld (1563–1609), a spa physician from Cieplice-Zdrój, in his monograph from 1600, entitled Stirpium & Fossilium Silesiae Catalogus. Indications for using clay from Silesian deposits were also described in a work from 1737, entitled Rariora naturae & artis, item in re medica; oder, Seltenheiten der Natur und Kunst des kundmannischen Naturalien-Cabinets, wie auch in der Artzeney-Wissenschafft by Johann Kundmann (1684–1751), a physician of the von Hochberg family from Wrocław. By 1580, Silesian clay was already known as a remedy against dog rabies in the state of Hesse. In 1618, it was listed in the pharmaceutical work entitled Pharmacopoetia Londinensis, alongside clays from the Mediterranean region. According to the descriptions, this clay helped the population in 1633 as a prophylactic measure to control the plague epidemic and the mass extinction of cattle in Upper Silesia.