bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transesterification Reaction of Palm Kernel Oil (PKO) on a Bed of Crushed Cashew Nut Shell (CCNS)
Authors: Eke U.B. , Owalude S.O. , Tella A.C. , Adejoro O.G.
Published: July 2020

Biodiesel (GA1) was produced by the transesterification reaction of palm kernel oil (PKO) and methanol catalysed by crushed cashew nut shaft. Biodiesel samples GA2 – GA4 were also produced from the palm kernel oil using conventional base catalysis by NaOH and crushed cashew nut shaft combined with NaOH. The physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic data of the four samples were found to be similar and compared favourably to those of standard biodiesel.

Keywords: Transesterification, palm kernel oil, cashew nut shell, methanolysis, biodiesel.
A Modified Boost-Boost High Gain DC-DC Converter for Photovoltaic (PV) Based Off- Grid Applications
Authors: Isah H. , Sagagi Y.M. , Bako A.
Published: July 2020

This study presents a single switch non-isolated DC-DC converter good for photovoltaic (PV) applications. The proposed topology was constructed using two classical DC-DC boost converters by arranging them in cascade for providing high voltage gain, low duty-cycle, less stress across the semiconductor devices, less size, and low cost. The operating principle and steady-state analysis of an individual component of the proposed topology in continuous conduction mode (CCM) are discussed and the results obtained improved the ones in literatures. The prototype of 120 V DC output voltage with 9 V DC input voltage is implemented and the result obtained validate the simulated result of the proposed converter.

Keywords: DC-DC converter, Photovoltaic (PV), Single switch, High gain, Duty-cycle.
Expression of Wild-Type p53 by Curcumin, Alpinetin and Flavokawain B in Colorectal Cancer cells Expressing R273H Mutant p53
Authors: Malami I. , Muhammad A. , Abubakar I.B. , Alhassan A.M.
Published: July 2020

A mutation in p53 is frequently reported in nearly 50% of all of human cancers arising from DNA-binding core domain of p53. DNA-contact mutant R273H rendered p53 at dysfunctional state due to the substitution of single residue Arg273 for His273. Here, natural bioactive compounds curcumin, alpinetin and flavokawain B were investigated for possible stabilisation of wild-type p53 expression in vitro using HT-29 cells harbouring R273H rendered p53. Accordingly, all the bioactive compounds were able to induce the expression of wild-type p53 both at the levels of gene and protein expression. A dose-dependent induction of p53 was evident at 12.5, 25 and 50 μM concentration. The present study has shown that the bioactive compounds may have restored the wild-type p53 functional activity in tumour cells expressing R273H mutant p53.

Keywords: Curcumin, Alpinetin, Flavokawain B, p53, R273H
Isolation of Quarcetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside from the ethanol leaf extract of Ficus sycomorous L. (Moracaea)
Authors: Atiku I. , Pateh U.U. , Iliya I. , Musa A.M. , Sule M.I. , Sani Y.M. , Hanwa U.A. , Abdullahi S.M.
Published: July 2020

Ficus sycomorous (Sycamore fig.) Family Moraceae is a plant used in African traditional medicine to treat mental illness, dysentery, cough, diarrhea, tuberculosis and Cancer. In this research work the leaf of the plant was subjected to cold maceration using 75% ethanol. The extract was fractionated using n- hexane, chloroform ethylacetate and n-butanol. The ethylacetate fraction was subjected to column chromatographic separation and purification. Quarcetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside was isolated and the structure of the compound was elucidated by various spectral techniques such as1 and 2D NMR and mass spectrometry.

Keyword: Ficus sycomorous, Moraceae, NMR, Quarcetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
Evaluation of Physiochemical Parameters and Some Heavy Metals from Tannery Effluents of Sharada and Challawa Industrial Areas of Kano State, Nigeria
Authors: Shaibu A.N. , Audu A.A.
Published: July 2020

The evaluation of physicochemical parameters and some heavy metals was carried out from six different tannery companies at the industrial areas of Challawa and Sharada, using standard procedures. Temperature, pH, conductivity and total dissolved solids(TDS) were determined using portable digital hand logging meter. The sulphate, phosphate, nitrate, arsenic contents were determined using UV Spectrophotometer, while chloride, dissolved oxygen (DO) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) contents were determined using titrimetric method, and the heavy metals by atomic absorption spectrometry. The mean temperature of the water ranged from 36.00 – 39.670C, pH: 2.63 – 9.33, conductivity: 336.33 – 12351.67μS/cm, TDS: 166.73 – 6017.67mg/L, sulphate: 114.00 – 466.67mg/L, phosphate: 0.29 – 12.80mg/L, chloride: 58.66 – 1577.87mg/L, nitrate: 6.03 - 33.43mg/L, DO: 2.60 – 21.27mg/L and BOD: 0.77 – 12.33mg//L. Water samples from the tannery effluents contained higher levels for both physicochemical parameters and heavy metals in untreated than treated. Cadmium and nickel were within the WHO limit for both treated and untreated while arsenic was within the limit for only treated effluent. Chromium and lead were above the WHO limit for both treated and untreated effluent. The parameters studied showed variations within the tannery companies and this may affect the Challawariver where this effluent is discharged which can have long term health effect on the aquatic animals and humans that depend on the river water for their daily activities.

Keywords: Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Dissolve Oxygen, Heavy Metals and Effluents
Analysis of Structure and Efficiency of Cassava Marketing in Ado-Ekiti Local Government Area of Ekiti State, Nigeria
Authors: Egwuma H. , Muhammed A.E. , Ojeleye O.A. , Oladimeji Y.U. , Hassan A.A.
Published: July 2020

The study examined the structure and marketing efficiency of cassava in Ado-Ekiti Local Government Area of Ekiti State, Nigeria. Primary data were obtained using structured questionnaires and multistage sampling method was employed to select 183 respondents comprising 93 farmers and 90 marketers. The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index and Gini Coefficient were used to measure the degree of market concentration and the nature of competition in the market. The Herfindahl-Hirschman indices were 0.323, 0.346, and 0.316 for farmers, wholesalers, and retailers, respectively, suggesting that the market was uncompetitive at all levels. The computed values of Gini coefficient for cassava farmers, wholesalers, and retailers were 0.532, 0.465, and 0.569, respectively, indicating uneven distribution of income and uncompetitive market conditions. Two channels of cassava marketing were identified and the study demonstrates that the farmer-wholesaler-retailer-consumer channel had higher marketing efficiency and thus provides marketers with better opportunities for making more profits. Based on the findings, it is recommended that micro credit facilities should be made accessible to market actors to encourage investment and improve efficiency in cassava marketing.

Keywords: Cassava, marketing efficiency, Ekiti, Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, Gini Coefficient
Phytochemical analyses, anxiolytic and anti-amnesic effect of methanol stem bark extract of Vitex doniana (sweet) in mice
Authors: Akinpelu L.A. , Adebayo M.A. , Fajana A. , Adeniyi-Ake M.A. , Ubogu S.E. , Aminu N.S.
Published: July 2020

This study investigated the oral acute toxicity (LD50), anxiolytic and anti-amnesic effects of the methanol stem bark extract of Vitex doniana (MSVD) in mice. The anxiolytic and anti-amnesic effects were assessed using standard protocols. The phytoconstituents in MSVD was quantified. The MSVD was further analysed using Ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) and Fourier Transform Infra red (FTIR) fingerprints. The LD50 was > 5000 mg/kg suggesting its safety. The MSVD (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg, p.o.) showed significant (p<0.05) increase in the percentage open arm entry and duration on elevated plus maze as well as reduced the anxiety index as indexed from the open arm avoidance index indicating an anti-anxiety effect. Subsequently, MSVD significantly (p<0.05) increased the percentage alternation reduced by scopolamine consistent with anti-amnesic effect. The phytoconstituents estimation of MSVD showed abundance of flavonoids. The UV-VIS spectra corresponded to the presence of flavonoid, phenolic acid derivatives and terpenoids while the FTIR revealed the presence of amine, hydroxyl, alkane, carboxylic, amide, ether, aromatic and carbonyl functional groups among others in MSVD. This study therefore, concluded that flavonoids, either in synergy or additive with other phytocompounds in MSVB may be responsible for the observed anxiolytic and anti-amnesic effects elicited by MSVD in this study.
Traditional soups in Nigeria: A review of six botanicals
Authors: Gbadamosi I.T. , Kalejaye A.O.
Published: July 2020

Ethnobotanical investigations by workers have revealed the use of juvenile leaves of Cissus populnea L. (ogbolo), Sesamum indicum L. (eeku),Gongronema latifolium Benth. (Madunmaro), Mangifera indica L. (Mongoro), Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. (Odunkun) and Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. (Araba) for preparing soups in Nigeria. In spite of this, the consumption of these traditional soups seems to be abandoned and only consumed during scarcity of commonly used vegetables such as Corchorus olitorius L. (Ewedu). Certain traditional soups are associated with particular Nigerian ethnic groups. As examples, Gongronema latifolium to Igbo people of southeast Nigeria, while Sesamum indicum to the Yorubas and Hausas, southwest and northern Nigeria respectively. For ethnomedicinal purposes Cissus populnea and Sesamum indicum soups enhance sexual performance in men as well as production and cleansing of sperm. Mangifera indica soup is used as anti-anaemic; Gongronema latifolium soup forms part of a recipe for the management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and Ceiba pentandra soup is used for treating diarrhoea disorder. Despite the therapeutic and nutritional benefits of the soups, their consumption is gradually waning due to erosion of traditional  knowledge and deforestation of medicinal plants occasioned by increasing urbanization. This review documents the therapeutic uses and pharmacological effects of six medicinal plants used as traditional soups, with the view that an awareness of their health benefits could lead to a resurgence of their consumption in diet.
Chemoscopic, macromorphological and micromorphological evaluation of the leaves of Crescentia cujetLinn
Authors: Olaniyi M.B. , Lawal I.O. , Adeniyi M.I.
Published: July 2020

The leaves of Crescentia cujete Linn belonging to Bignoniaceae family have been reported to exhibit some important medicinal properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-tumour and anti-inflammatory activities. This study therefore evaluated the chemoscopic, macro-morphological andmicromorphological attributes of powdered, fresh and anatomical sections of Crescentia cujete Linn leaves using standard methods. The result ofchemoscopic study confirmed presence of calcium oxalate crystals, fat deposits and traces of lignin in numbers on epidermal surfaces. Macro-morphological study revealed that C. cujete leaves are deep green in colour with faint odour, sour taste and smooth-feel with non-granular  surfaces. Micromorphological examinations indicated that epidermal cells are irregular, rectangular to polygonal in shape on the abaxial surface but epidermal cells on the adaxial surface were straight, slightly undulating with thick anticlinal cell walls. Paracytic stomata arrangement was found only on the abaxial surfaces. Quantitative leaf microscopy confirmed that epidermal cells had average sizes of 37.52 ± 4.62 – 39.23 ± 4.73 μm in  length while cell width was 25.51± 0.86 – 27.76 ± 4.21μm. The stomata length was 15.66 ± 2.04 and 6.29 ±0.93 in width. Organoleptic and other  parameters evaluated on C. cujete shows that it has optimum potential for herbal drug development and a baseline for species identification.
Status of intestinal parasites in inmates of a correctional facility, Jos, Nigeria
Authors: Nadabo C. , Ramyil M.S.C. , Bello C.S.S. , Ike R.O. , Ogundeko T.O. , Ihimekpen J. , Suchi N. , Bassi P.A. , Adu P.J.
Published: July 2020

Correctional inmates are among the vulnerable groups to intestinal parasitic infections due to deprived situations characterized by inadequate  facilities, malnutrition, scarce potable water, over-crowding, and poor hygiene. Two hundred and fifty faeces of inmates of Jos Correctional Facility were investigated for the prevalence of intestinal parasites between May and June 2019, using the wet mount and formol-ether concentration techniques. Results obtained showed that from the 250 faecal samples examined, 57(22.8%) were infected with various intestinal parasites. Nine (9) different intestinal parasites identified were Entamoeba histolytica 38.60%), Entamoeba coli (15.78%), Ancylostoma duodenale (4.04%), Ascaris lumbricoides (0.53%), Taeniasp (8.77%), Schistosoma mansoni (3.51%), Giardia lamblia (3.51%), Enterobius vermicularis (3.51%) and Trichuris trichuria (1.75%). The 9 different intestinal parasites were grouped into helminthes (42.1%) and protozoa (57.9%). Higher infection rate of 45.6% was recorded among those within age ranges 21-30 years. Inmates who were in prison for <2 years had higher (56.1%) infection rates compared with other inmates (43.9%). The findings are in agreement with similar studies from other penitentiaries in Nigeria resulting in significant health problems among inmates including anemia, malabsorption in the gastrointestinal tract and other complications. Thus, the need to scale up periodic routine examination of all inmates including stool samples, hemogram and the prompt treatment of infected individuals would significantly improve their health conditions.

Keywords: Intestinal parasites; Jos Prison; inmates and prevalence.
Fatty acid profile and oxidative stability of egg yolks from hens under different production systems
Authors: Mierliță D.
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study was carried out to compare the egg quality, fatty acid (FA) profiles, and oxidative stability of yolks from hens maintained in cages and fed a conventional diet (CON), those fed a conventional diet with free access to outdoor grassy area (5 m2/hens) under free-range conditions (FR), and those fed an organic diet and free access to outdoor grassy area (10 m2/hens) under in organic system (ORG). Heavier eggs were produced by CON, while percentages of yolk and eggshell were greater in eggs of FR and ORG hens. The FR and ORG hens produced eggs that contained significantly more monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) but less polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) than CON hens. Eggs from FR and ORG hens had a lower concentration of PUFA n-6 because of less C18:2 n-6 (linoleic acid) and a higher percentage of PUFA n-3 (eicosapentaenoic acid). Consequently, the ratio of PUFA n-6 to n-3 for eggs from FR and ORG hens was healthier for consumers compared with CON. However, eggs from the ORG hens had a similar FA profile to those from the FR hens. No significant differences were noted in hypocholesterolaemic (HI), atherogenic (AI) and thrombogenic indexes. Antioxidant concentration was greatest in eggs from ORG hens (retinol-14.32 μg/g and α-tocopherol-98.7 μg/g/yolk). Thus, the oxidative stability of eggs measured after storage at 4°Cfor 15 or 30 days was improved. The best eggs in terms of nutritional value were from the ORG system in which hens lived in their natural environment.

Keywords: antioxidants, conventional production, egg quality, free range production, malonaldehyde, organic production
El futuro de la prisión en España
Authors: Cid Moliné José
Published: July 2020

En la discusión penológica internacional los países son comparados en función de su tasa de encarcelamiento, pero en realidad esta tasa es fruto de dos realidades que no necesariamente van en la misma dirección: el uso del encarcelamiento y su duración. En el presente artículo se analiza la evolución del encarcelamiento en España en la época democrática, abordando de manera separada sus dos dimensiones. El artículo destaca que existen cuatro factores que han tenido incidencia: el nivel de delincuencia, el proceso de europeización, la criminalización de nuevas conductas y el rigorismo penal. Atendiendo a la evolución probable de estos cuatro factores se preconiza una tendencia a la reducción de la tasa de encarcelamiento en España y unos nuevos retos para el sistema punitivo, obligado a focalizar su atención en las penas alternativas a la prisión, a trabajar con penas cortas de prisión y a mejorar la transición de la prisión a la comunidad.
Subverting Patriarchy through Écriture Feminine in Fawzia Afzal-Khan’s Lahore with Love: Growing Up with Girlfriends, Pakistani Style
Authors: Zubair Shirin , Ahsan Rija
Published: July 2020

This research paper explores linguistic techniques employed by Fawzia Afzal-Khan in her memoir Lahore with Love: Growing up with Girlfriends, Pakistani Style (LWL) to challenge patriarchal norms and structures. The theoretical frameworks used for this research are drawn from structural linguistics including the works of Mills (1995), Spender (1980), as well as French Poststructuralists: Cixous (1975) and Irigaray (1985). Through analysis of the linguistic features of her narrative such as tropes, metaphors, imagery, wordplay, polyphony, genre-mixing, and code-mixing, the paper strives to illustrate the alternative writing style of the memoirist.  The objective is to reveal that her linguistic and stylistic methods differ from the dominant structural and patriarchal writing styles, and mark her feminine individuality expressed thematically and stylistically in her memoir. The significance of our approach is that our analysis of her narrative is informed by a combination of the literary insights of the French feminists along with the ideas gained from the discipline of feminist linguistics and feminist stylistics. We hope that this paper goes some way in filling the research gap in the domain of Pakistani women’s memoir-writing: an emerging arena of literary studies which is ignored and dismissed both in its literary merit and political significance.
Modelagem Matemática de transformações isovolumétricas: análise conforme a teoria de conciliação de metas
Authors: Andrade Filho Bazilicio Manoel de , Rauen Fábio José
Published: July 2020

Analisamos a pertinência da arquitetura abdutivo-dedutiva da teoria de conciliação de metas para descrever e explicar processos cognitivos em tarefas de Modelagem Matemática. Para dar conta desse objetivo, observamos o desempenho de um grupo de estudantes do segundo ano do Curso Técnico de Química Integrado ao Ensino Médio do Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, campus Criciúma, na tarefa de modelar transformações gasosas isovolumétricas com o auxílio de um simulador de propriedades gasosas. As evidências mostram que os estudantes foram capazes de modelar as transformações, negociando colaborativamente planos de ação intencional menores associados às diferentes fases e ações cognitivas de modelagem, com os quais, relacionando Matemática e Físico-Química, mobilizaram o objeto matemático adequado de seu repertório didático; propuseram um modelo; interpretaram e validaram os resultados; e refletiram sobre limitações e potencialidades do modelo. O estudo sugere que a arquitetura pode contribuir para descrever e explicar processos cognitivos em atividades de Modelagem Matemática, oferecendo ao professor ferramentas para gerar e avaliar intervenções didáticas.
Palavras-chave: Modelagem Matemática. Pragmática cognitiva. Planos de ação intencional.
Petiveria alliacea root extract as Green Inhibitor for Acid Corrosion of Aluminium
Authors: Adeyemi O.O. , Salisu A.O.
Published: July 2020

Corrosion inhibition of aluminium in 0.5M 𝐻 􀀀􀀁􀀂 by methanol root extracts of Petiveria alliacea was investigated by weight loss and linear polarization techniques. The weight loss is concentration dependent and increases with increasing concentration of Petiveria alliacea root extracts (PARE). The inhibitor (PARE) exhibited highest inhibition efficiency of 75.28% at the highest inhibitor concentration of 8g investigated. Inhibition was found to increase with increasing PARE concentration. PARE showed molecular adsorption of phytochemicals present as active ingredients through the hetero atoms in their molecules. Polarization studies showed that the extracts act as a mixed type inhibitor. The inhibitor obeyed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation.
Fertility Status of Selected Agricultural Soils Along Major Roads in Nasarawa Eggon and Doma Areas of Nasarawa State, North Central, Nigeria
Authors: Onwuka J. C. , Nwaedozie J. M. , Kwon – Dung E. H. , Terna P. T.
Published: July 2020

Soil nutrient status determines its crop productivity and provide basis for appropriate soil management. The soil samples which spread across the agricultural farms along major roads in Nasarawa Eggon and Doma areas of Nasarawa State, Nigeria; were analyzed for both physical and chemical properties. Most of the studied Nasarawa Eggon and Doma soils were extremely acidic. Textural class showed high sand content (>80) of the investigated soils, indicating possible high rate of water infiltration in these soils which will lead to their low water holding capacity. The organic carbon (OC) contents in both locations, were rated high as it varied from 1.50 to 1.85 %, whereas total nitrogen (TN) levels ranged from 0.07 to 0.21 % in the studied soils. The levels of available P, Ca, K and Mg were inadequate for satisfactory plant growth, considering their respective critical level established for Nigerian soils. Mineral analysis showed the presence of essential elements such as S, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Co, Mo and Zn. Beneficial/functional elements such as Ti, V, Rb and Sr, were found in significant quantities in the investigated soils of both studied areas. Thus, Potential K and Ca deficiency could be greatly compensated by Rb and Sr uptake. The quantities of non – beneficial elements such as Sn, Sb, Te, Cs, Ba and Sc were significant in soils from Nasarawa Eggon but were insignificant in Doma soils. Thus, this study revealed that nutrient content of the soil differs from the nutrient availability for plant uptake and the fertility of investigated soils in both locations depended on the soil pH and textural class. Also, the conditions of the soils at both studied locations, are unfavourable for plant uptake of certain important nutrients and could lead to low crop yields if there is no effective nutrient and soil management.
CHEMICAL FORMS OF Zn, Mn, Fe and Pb IN SOIL SAMPLES FROM THE VICINITY OF SOME MAJOR DUMPSITES IN GOMBE METROPOLIS, GOMBE STATE NIGERIA
Authors: Abdullahi A.O. , Usman A. , Zakari A.H. , Tukur J.R.
Published: July 2020

This research work is aimed at determining the chemical speciation of metals Zn, Mn, Fe and Pb in soil samples from three major dumpsites within Gombe metropolis, Gombe state. The renowned five steps Tessier sequential extraction method was employed in the extraction of the heavy metals. The metals were extracted into five fractions namely: Exchangeable (F1), carbonate bound (F2), Fe-Mn oxide bound (F3), Bound to organic matter (F4) and the residual fraction (F5) in order of decreasing mobility. The elemental analysis of the fractions was carried out using atomic absorption spectrometric technique. The results showed Zn was predominantly bounded to the exchangeable fraction with 32.66±0.31 mg/kg (54.18%) and least in the Fe – Mn oxide fraction with 0.01±0.00 mg/kg (0.02%). The trend in its abundance is in the order F1> F2>F5>F4>F3. Mn was predominantly associated with the bound to carbonates fraction with the value of 103.3.±3.30 mg/kg (56.14%) and least in the exchangeable with the value of 1.30±1.85mg/kg (2.13%) its occurred in the order F2>F3>F4>F5>F1. The concentration of Fe was highest in the residual fraction with the value of 25.90±1.75mg/kg (45.45%)and least in the carbonate bound fraction wi th 5.10±0.40 mg/kg (2.13%) the order is F5>F4>F3>F2>F1. Pb was not detected in most of the fraction but highest in bond to carbonate and bond to organic matter fraction with the values of 6.64±4.12 mg/Kg (70.64 %) and 2.76±0.10 mg/Kg (29.36 %) respectively in two different samples. It was however established that Zn, Mn and Pb were mostly associated with the first three fractions thus, showed high bio-availabilty whereas Fe was found in the residual fraction and is expected to be low in mobility and less bioavailable.
DEVELOPMENT OF INDICATOR FOR ON-SITE DETECTION OF BROMATE IN SOME BREAD SAMPLES IN ABEOKUTA METROPOLIS
Authors: Ogunyemi M.O. , Akinremi C.A. , Akinhanmi T.F. , Adewuyi S.
Published: July 2020

A new highly selective indicator, Chitosan-Silver Carmoisine (CTS-AgCAM) was developed for the detection of potassium bromate in bread. The detection was based on the oxidation of Carmoisine (CAM) by potassium bromate (KBrO3), catalysed by Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs). The CTS-AgNPs was prepared by the reaction of silver nitrate with sodium hydroxide and stabilised in chitosan (CTS) and further addition of CAM. Batch experiments were carried out on various concentration of KBrO3 to obtain optimal conditions for the use of the indicator. This was monitored with a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. Fifty bread samples were then collected randomly from five different bakeries within Abeokuta, Ogun state, Nigeria and qualitative analysis was carried out on the bread samples using the prepared indicator. The UV-Vis spectrum of the CTS- AgNPs revealed surface plasmon absorption maxima at 418-420 nm while the indicator showed maximum absorption at 516 nm. From the qualitative analysis, it was observed that on addition of 2 drops of CTS-AgCAM to a bread sample solution containing KBrO3, a pink colour of the indicator disappeared. It was also observed from the result of quantitative analysis that the fifty bread samples analyzed all containedKBrO3with concentration ranging between 3.23 ± 0.08 and 6.29 ± 0.91 µg/g. The indicator worked best between 1 and 5 µg/g and had a detection limit of 1 µg/g. The result showed that this indicator can be used easily for efficient on-site detection of bromate in bread.
OS ESTUDOS LEGISLATIVOS NO BRASIL: agendas de pesquisa
Authors: Rubiatti Bruno de Castro
Published: July 2020

Os estudos legislativos formam importante campo de pesquisa da ciência política Brasileira. Este artigo visa apresentar uma breve síntese das principais abordagens sobre o Legislativo nacional, partindo das análises “pessimistas” sobre a capacidade do presidencialismo gerar um sistema democrático minimamente estável, até as análises que focam no papel das coalizões na manutenção desse sistema. Apesar do grande crescimento da produção sobre o Legislativo brasileiro, há ainda alguns elementos que necessitam de maior sistematização de pesquisas, por esse motivo, o artigo termina com a apresentação de algumas dessas agendas de pesquisa e síntese dos artigos que compõem o dossiê que se segue.
OBRAS LITERÁRIAS COMO INSTRUMENTO DE ENSINO DE SOCIOLOGIA: a realidade social por trás das páginas de ficção
Authors: Mello Roberta do Nascimento
Published: July 2020

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo refletir acerca das metodologias e instrumentos de ensino da disciplina Sociologia no IFPB – Campus João Pessoa/PB por meio de obras literárias infantojuvenis, resultado de um projeto por mim desenvolvido na condição de integrante do PIBID – Projeto Institucional de Bolsas de Início à Docência, do curso de Ciências Sociais da UFPB Campus I, coordenado pelos professores Rita de Cássia Melo Santos (DCS/UFPB) e Adolfo Wagner (IFPB), fruto de dezoito de meses de atuação dentro do Instituto Federal, tanto em acompanhamento das aulas quanto com a realização de oficinas de cunho intervencionista junto aos alunos do ensino médio técnico integrado. Para além desta participação, também foi realizado no decorrer do processo de pesquisa, o levantamento do acervo bibliográfico da Biblioteca Nilo Peçanha, a única do instituto, assim como o levantamento das sugestões de leituras contidas no livro didático em uso pelos docentes. O resultado deste trabalho visa contribuir para uma maior efetividade do ensino da sociologia a partir da mediação pedagógica por meio do uso das obras literárias. Por se tratar de um projeto de intervenção na dinâmica do IFPB, para alcançar seus objetivos, parto de um contato direto com o campo, alunos e professores do Instituto.
COMO OBSERVAR MORAL E COSTUMES: requisitos filosóficos
Authors: Martineau Harriet , Liberal Fábio Guimarães
Published: July 2020

Neste texto, a autora elabora uma das primeiras sistematizações do método para a pesquisa sociológica. O livro How to observe morals e manners foi publicado em 1838, e dele, aqui traduziu-se a primeira parte: Requisitos filosóficos.
JUREMA Y OTRAS YERBAS - Resenha
Authors: Boaes Giovanni
Published: July 2020

Resenha do Livro:GIOBELLINA BRUMANA, F. La jurema y otras yerbas: estudios sobre el campo religioso brasileño.  Cádiz: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Cádiz, 2013.
Global Tuberculosis Burden: Is Nigeria Losing The War?
Authors: Jombo G T , Mbaave Pater T
Published: July 2020

Tuberculosis, an old disease has claimed several millions of lives over several thousands of years in the past and at present is still a global disease. Although several countries of the world have put the disease under control in their own domain, the disease is still endemic in most parts of Asia and Africa who presently harbour over 70% of the total global burden of the disease. Nigeria presently records at least 320,000 new cases of TB every year and is the most endemic on the continent. With the increasing social instability in the country leading to the upsurge of internally displaced persons (IDPs), and establishment of several refugee camps, control of the disease has become more complicated.  The ongoing TB control programme in the country should also specifically target the IDPs so as to avert a potential explosion of the disease with catastrophic consequences.
Optimising Soymilk Protein Nutriture through Selection of Appropriate Processing Technique
Authors: Ogo A O , Amali E OO , Efiong E E , Gbaa A , Enenche D
Published: July 2020

A significant contributor to compromised nutriture of a particular nutrient is the method of processing or preparation. The pre-treatment technique employed in the processing of soybean milk is a wellrecognized factor that not only aids in the deactivation of certain anti-nutritional components but also enhances its protein digestibility and bioavailability. Second to the overall importance of soybean is the protein composition, which is a function of the monomeric amino acid it contains. Thus, the amino acid profile of soybean milk processed by three pretreatment methods including soaking, roasting and boiling was analyzed using amino acid analyzer (model 120A PTH; Applied Biosystems, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). The results show that pretreatment by boiling retained the best product judged in terms of general nutritional quality as shown by higher total amino acid content recorded as 97.95g/100g compared to those of toasted and soaking which were 88.36 g/100g and 91.28 g/100g respectively. Also boiling technique recorded the highest total essential amino acid content of 51.01g/100g as against 46.58g/100g and45.85g/100g for toasting and soaking methods employed. In the same vein, boiling technique gave the highest amount of total conditional amino acids, which was 46.37g/100g when compared to that of toasting at 43.18g/100g) and soaking at 42.26g/100g, making it ideal for therapeutic purposes. This findings show that soymilk produced through boiling pretreatment is recommended for consumption at both household and commercial levels in order to optimize the full benefit of soymilk nutrition and therapeutics.
Komunikasi Kelompok Di Kalangan Komuter
Authors: Khadijah Siti , Lubis Djuara P , Kinseng Rilus A
Published: July 2020

The speed of urban development, has caused a very heavy commuter. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the characteristics of the group members, with the process of communication and cohesiveness among commuters. The study was conducted to 86 members of the group in KA.Patas Purwakarta with quantitative methods using questionnaires as research instruments. Test analysis using Spearman rank statistic and chi Square to analyze the relationship between the characteristics of the group members, with the communication process and individual attitudes towards cohesiveness among commuters. The study states that the age of negative relationship with the communication process. The older the age  of a member was, the lower the knowledge and the obedient of the group `s norm he had. Female  members  had a higher  involvement in the communication process of the group  than the male members. There was a negative  relationship  between the occupation and the  cohesiveness of the group. The better occupation they  had, the lower  degree of cohesiveness they showed. There was a significant relationship between the sex of members and their cohesivenessoutside the railway coach. Cohesiveness was found  having very significant relationship with the information accessKeywords: Group Communication, Cohesiveness, Commuter.
Layanan Pesan Pendek untuk Pembangunan Pertanian di Kabupaten Karawang
Authors: Wibowo Haris Tri , Lubis Djuara P , Fitri Resfa
Published: July 2020

Application of information and communication technology (ICTs)currently has integrated with agricultural development.  Information and communication technologies (ICTs) such as mobile phones have been used in rural development activities.  LISA is a groundbreaking program that aims to provide an integrated agricultural services include agricultural tips services, the interactive dialogue, and  iteration financial services based on mobile phone short message service. The main objective of this study to determine the effectiveness of LISA as agricultural information dissemination media based short message service role in agricultural development. The purposes of the study were 1) to analyze the exposure of LISA user; 2) to analyze the relationship between user characteristics and external factors against LISA’ exposure; 3) to analyze the relationship between LISA exposure against the effectiveness of communication; and 4) to analyze the relationship between interaction with other information sources against the effectiveness of communication.  The sample selection method used in the study was multiple stage sampling.  The sample included 100 LISA user in Karawang District. The data analysis was carried out using the descriptive correlational analysis and SEMpls.  The result showed that the land area cultivated respondent significantly affect LISA’ exposure. External factors do not significantly affect the LISA exposure.  LISA exposure significantly affect the effectiveness of communication. Interactions with other information sources does not significantly influence the effectiveness of communication.Keywords: short message service, LISA exposure, the effectiveness of communication
Persepsi Masyarakat Pesisir Terhadap Kepemimpinan Perempuan Nelayan Di Pulau Pramuka Kepulauan Seribu
Authors: Fuady Ikhsan , Yusnita Titien
Published: July 2020

Profesi nelayan adalah profesi yang menuntut kekuatan fisik dan ketangguhan mental. Kehidupan nelayandalam mengolah sumber daya laut sangat tergantung pada kondisi alam yang tidak stabil. Oleh sebab itu, para isterinelayan yang lebih dikenal sebagai perempuan nelayan akan melakukan diversifikasi profesi sebagai strategi bertahanhidup. Persepsi masyarakat tentang perempuan nelayan sangat menarik untuk diteliti, mengingat di Pulau PramukaKepulauan Seribu, banyak perempuan nelayan dipercaya masyarakat untuk memegang jabatan RT (rukun tetangga)dan untukmendapat julukan sebagai ‘penguasa daratan’.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui persepsi masyarakatpesisir terhadap kepemimpinan perempuan nelayan dan mengkaji pembagian tugas (division of labor) dalam rumahtangga nelayan pesisir di Pulau Pramuka Kepulauan Seribu.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif yang menggunakan teknikobservasi dan wawancara dengan 25 orang nelayan perempuan dan suaminya yang berprofesi sebagai nelayan sertakepala desa setempat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa:(1)terjadi perubahan paradigma terhadapkepemimpinan perempuan yaitu perempuan nelayan lebih dipercaya menjabat Ketua RT, (2)pendapat perempuansangat berpengaruh dalam mengambil keputusan di rumah maupun dalam kehidupan sosial, (3)pembagian tugas(division of labor) dalam rumah tangga nelayan tidak berimbang dimana isteri mengambil alih porsi tanggungjawabyang lebih besar dibandingkan suami mengingat para nelayan pria lebih lama berada di laut dibandingkan di darat.Kata kunci : persepsi, masyarakat pesisir, kepemimpinan, perempuan nelayan
Framing Relokasi Dan Komunikasi Risiko Bencana Erupsi Gunung Merapi (Studi Kasus Desa Glagaharjo, Kecamatan Cangkringan, Kabupaten Sleman, DIY)
Authors: Y Setyadi , S Sarwoprasodjo , P Muljono
Published: July 2020

Risk communication is physical and mental conditions that underlie the management of information in facing risks of a disaster. This study is aimed to describe risk communication strategies conducted by a community in Mount Merapi, a disaster-prone area. The study will also analyze the framing that underlies the community’s resistance towards government relocation policy. This research is expected to contribute to the development of appropriate risk communication strategies in disasters management, for both government and local communities. This Research uses qualitative methods and strengthen by quantitative data with purposive sampling. This study states that there are four framing elements underlying the peoples resistance. First, the relocation policy is considered to be disregardful of the peoples rights for proper settlement. Second, the justification of the matter is the government unjustness. Third, is more of a moral reason underlying the peoples resistance towards the policy which is an effort to retaining personal welfare and sustaining homeland. The fourth framing element, are recommendations for action, the people have decided to stay inthe village and improve preparedness and economic self-reliance. The decision to survive living in a disaster prone area is increasingly raising the peoples awareness of the importance of risk communicationin facing the threats of possible disasters.Keywords : disaster, relocation, framing, risk communication
Komunikasi Interpersonal Pengawas Minum Obat Berperspektif Gender dengan Kepatuhan Berobat Penderita Tuberkulosis di Tiga Puskesmas di Kabupaten Bogor
Authors: Walangadi Widiawati , Sadono Dwi , Susanto Djoko
Published: July 2020

The problem of tuberculosis (TB) control is still very large in Indonesia. Pengawas minum obat (PMO) for each patient tuberculosis expected to ensure the regularity of the patients taking medicine. The objectives of the study are 1) to analyze interpersonal communication skills of PMO gender perspective with TB patient, and 2) to analyze relationship between interpersonal communication skills PMO gender perspective with TB patient treatment compliance. Explanatory research method with cross-sectional study design, with a total sample of 82 of the PMO at three Public Health Centers PMO Ciomas, Cileungsi, Cibinong. Data were collected using questionnaire and analyzed using chi-square. The results showed the relationship between the characteristics of the PMO with interpersonal communication skills PMO value of p > 0.01 so give no significant relationship, the relationship between gender perspectif with interpersonal communication skills PMO is p <0.01 means that there is significant correlation. The relationship between the PMO interpersonal communication skills with patient compliance level p <0.01 means that there is a significant relationship. Conclusion characteristics of the PMO are the largely nonexistent relationship with interpersonal communication skills of PMO, whereas the gender perspective is significally correlated to interpersonal communication skills of the PMO. The level of interpersonal communication skills are significantly correlated of TB treatment compliance.
Analisis Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Literacy Pengguna Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Manajemen Akademik (Studi Kasus: SIMAK Departemen SKPM)
Authors: Nalendra Vidy , Hermadi Irman , Agusta Ivanovich
Published: July 2020

Education management development, followed by the use of information technology are required by Department of Communication and Community Development Science, Faculty of Human Ecology, Bogor Agricultural University (SKPM FEMA IPB). System development is directed to the development of Academic Management Information System (MIS), which are interactive and provide information about academic. Department of Communication and Community Development Science developed an Academic Management Information System (Simak). Simak already developed but still have constraints in terms of users. User needs evaluation, ICT literacy measurement used as an approach to solving the constraints that exist for Simak users.
Komunikasi Partisipatif dalam Konteks Kewirausahaan Sosial pada Program Pertanian Padi Organik di Pandeglang
Authors: Sutowo Irpan Ripa’i , Muljono Pudji , Hubeis Musa
Published: July 2020

Farmers welfare needs extra attention from agricultural development stakeholders. SRI's organic rice farming program implemented by the Harapan Dhuafa (Harfa)  humanitarian agency in Parigi Village, Saketi Sub-district, Pandeglang District, Banten Province has scored social change agents. The steps taken by Harfa in running the program is through participatory communication approach in the process of adoption of organic rice farming innovation SRI method. The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of beneficiary individuals and to analyze the relationship of individual beneficiary characteristics, the intensity of participatory communication, the perception of program benefits and the level of social entrepreneurship, so that participatory communication in the context of social entrepreneurship can be well described in the organic rice farming program SRI. Research results show participative communication in the development of organic rice farming SRI method has a positive impact for the development of social entrepreneurship in Parigi Village. Through intensive participatory communication, the farmers actively engage in dialogue, arguing to reflect the results of the training/field schools in their respective fields. The emergence of individual beneficiary character in organic rice farming in increasing income and also awareness in improving environmental quality and health by producing and consuming organic rice. Based on the analysis using chi square correlation showed that there is no real relationship between the characteristics of individual beneficiaries with the intensity of participatory communication, the perception of program benefits and the level of social entrepreneurship. That is, the characteristics of individual beneficiaries is not a benchmark in an effort to increase organic rice farming methods SRI. Factors that have major influence on the intensity of participatory communication, the perception of program benefits and the level of social entrepreneurship.
Pengaruh Komunikasi Internal dalam Membangun Budaya Organisasi
Authors: Agustini Nur Annisa , Purnaningsih Ninuk
Published: July 2020

Internal communication can be understood as the foundation and building of an organizational culture. The existence of an organizational culture that has been firmly held by its employees will greatly support the process of the main purpose of the company. This research aims to analyze internal communication in building organization oriented on the results and time, using a sample of 30 respondents. This research is conducted by using quantitative approach supported by qualitative data. The results of this study indicate a change given by internal communication in building an organizational culture, which is one aspect is the leadership power that becomes a good example for the employees. A strong leadership role to provide direction and start with a good communication process, will get a positive response from its employees in work and improve the maximum work.
Protocol for Systematic Review of Efficacy and Safety of Ayurveda Interventions in Bronchial Asthma
Authors: Ranade Anagha , Kolhe Rasika , Prasad Goli P
Published: July 2020

Introduction:

A systematic review is planned to investigate the safety, efficacy, and effectiveness of Ayurvedic interventions in the management of Tamaka Shwasa/bronchial asthma through systematic analysis of published clinical researches.

Materials and methods:

A systematic review of the published clinical work for Ayurvedic interventions for Tamaka Shwasa/bronchial asthma will be conducted. Electronic searches, such as, EMBASE, MEDLINE, COCHRANE and AYUSH Research Portal, DHARA, Shodhganga Databases on dissertation works, conference proceedings, print journals, and reference list of articles, will be considered in the search strategy. All studies as per inclusion criteria including study design and participants will be analyzed by two investigators individually; in case of ambiguity, it will be discussed by a senior expert (investigator). The population (P in PICO) will include diagnosed cases of bronchial asthma/Tamaka Shwasa, where intervention (I) will be Ayurveda stand alone or as add-on with conventional therapy and (C) comparator will be Ayurveda and non- Ayurveda interventions or placebo. The primary outcome (O) will be improvement evident by a decrease in dyspnea, rhonchi, number of attacks, and classical symptoms of Tamaka Shwasa. Risk of bias assessment using Robin's tool will be used for non-randomized clinical trials, whereas CONSORT statement will be used for quality assessment of randomized clinical trials.

Dissemination:

This review is ongoing, and upon completion, the review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. The review will be updated to inform and guide healthcare practice and policy. The results will be presented in terms of high risk, moderate or low/unclear risk in risk of bias assessment.

Trial registration number:

PROSPERO 2019 CRD42019123886.