bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Stirring Tool Surface Condition on Wear Characteristics in Friction Stir Welding (FSW) Process
Authors: Maideen Normariah Che , Budin Salina , Hyie Koay Mei , Fohimi Nor Azirah Mohd
Published: March 2021

Stirring tool is one of the important factor that contribute to the successful of Friction Stir Welding (FSW). Role of tool, is to heat the welding zone and stir the material along the process. Many studies have been conducted by other researchers to improve the performance of stirring tool. Similar to this work, it is aimed to investigate and analyze the effect of stirring tool surface condition on wear characteristics in friction stir welding process. Four tools have been fabricated with pre-determined surface condition. Tool 1: H13 without heat treatment and without coating. Tool 2: H13 with heat treatment only. Tool 3: H13 with TiCN coating only and Tool 4: H13 with heat treatment and with TiCN coating. Friction stir welding was performed to test and verify the performance of fabricated tools. Process parameter used are 1270 RPM for rotating speed while 218 mm/min for welding speed. From the result, Tool 4 performed better in terms of physical wear as well as wear rate.
Predicting Atom Types of Anatase TiO2 Nanoparticles with Machine Learning
Authors: Kurban Hasan , Kurban Mustafa , Sharma Parichit , Dalkilic Mehmet M.
Published: March 2021

Machine learning (ML) has recently made a major contribution to the fields of Material Science (MS). In this study, ML algorithms are used to learn atoms types over structural geometrical data of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles produced at different temperature levels with the density-functional tight-binding method (DFTB). Especially for this work, Random Forest (RF), Decision Trees (DT), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Naïve Bayes (NB), which are among the most popular ML algorithms, were run to learn titanium (Ti) and oxygen (O) atoms. RF outperforms other algorithms, almost succeeding in learning this skewed data set close to perfect. The use of ML algorithms with datasets compatible with its mathematical design increases their learning performance. Therefore, we find it remarkable that a certain type of ML algorithm performs almost perfectly. Because it can help material scientists predict the behavior and structural and electronic properties of atoms at different temperatures.
Ultrastructural immunocytochemistry shows impairment of RNA pathways in skeletal muscle nuclei of old mice: A link to sarcopenia?
Authors: Lacavalla Maria Assunta , Cisterna Barbara , Zancanaro Carlo , Malatesta Manuela
Published: March 2021

During aging, skeletal muscle is affected by sarcopenia, a progressive decline in muscle mass, strength and endurance that leads to loss of function and disability. Cell nucleus dysfunction is a possible factor contributing to sarcopenia because aging-associated alterations in mRNA and rRNA transcription/maturation machinery have been shown in several cell types including muscle cells. In this study, the distribution and density of key molecular factors involved in RNA pathways namely, nuclear actin (a motor protein and regulator of RNA transcription), 5-methyl cytosine (an epigenetic regulator of gene transcription), and ribonuclease A (an RNA degrading enzyme) were compared in different nuclear compartments of late adult and old mice myonuclei by means of ultrastructural immunocytochemistry. In all nuclear compartments, an age-related decrease of nuclear actin suggested altered chromatin structuring and impaired nucleus-to-cytoplasm transport of both mRNA and ribosomal subunits, while a decrease of 5-methyl cytosine and ribonuclease A in the nucleoli of old mice indicated an age-dependent loss of rRNA genes. These findings provide novel experimental evidence that, in the aging skeletal muscle, nuclear RNA pathways undergo impairment, likely hindering protein synthesis and contributing to the onset and progression of sarcopenia.
Occurrence and characterization of Arcobacter spp. from ready-to-eat vegetables produced in Southern Italy
Authors: Mottola Anna , Ciccarese Giuseppina , Sinisi Carla , Savarino Alessandra Emilia , Marchetti Patrizia , Terio Valentina , Tantillo Giuseppina , Barrasso Roberta , Di Pinto Angela
Published: March 2021

Given that the number of foodborne illness outbreaks linked to the consumption of ready-to-eat vegetables has been widely documented and considering that data on the occurrence of Arcobacter spp. in such foodstuffs are lacking, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence of Arcobacter spp. and the occurrence of virulence factors as well as to genotype Arcobacter spp. in ready-to-eat (RTE) vegetable samples, using cultural and biomolecular assays. Arcobacter spp. was detected in 16/110 (14.5%) samples, with A. butzleri being detected in 15/16 and A. cryaerophilus in 1/16 isolates. PCRs aimed at the nine putative virulence genes demonstrated widespread distribution of such genes among A. butzleri and A. cryaerophilus isolates. In addition, multilocus sequence type (MLST) analysis revealed a low genetic diversity within the arcobacters isolates. The results underline the need to develop an appropriate surveillance system based on biomolecular characterization for an integrated microbiological risk assessment of ready-toeat vegetables, and consequently of composite foods.
Incidence of ionophore and non-ionophore anticoccidials residues in poultry meat and eggs and their risk characterization
Authors: Roila Rossana , Branciari Raffaella , Ranucci David , Miraglia Dino , Cristofani Elisa , Carloni Cristiano , Pecorelli Ivan , Fioroni Laura
Published: March 2021

A multi-residue method was applied to investigate the incidence and the concentration of ionophores and non-ionophore anticoccidials residues in poultry meat and hen eggs for the three-year period 2017-2019 in Italy. The risk related to the ingestion of such molecules was also characterized for the entire population. The average incidences of positive samples ranged from 1.35 to 9.45% while the maximum average concentration was of 4.28 μg/kg for nonionophore molecules. No uncompliant sample was recorded. The overall risk characterization related to the intake of anticoccidials trought chicken meat and eggs reveal a minor concern for consumers of all age. However, the monitoring of coccidiostates residues through official control activity in poultry meat and egg is crucial and it should be continuously conducted to ensure safety of such products and safeguard consumers̛ health.
COVID-19: A learning moment for patients and health professionals
Authors: Leccardi Stefano
Published: March 2021

A hospital physician from Northern Italy describes his own experience as caregiver of COVID-19 patients and as a patient himself who required treatment in urgent care. From this experience he learned that an untapped reserve of human solidarity exists in a team of caregivers in the midst of a crisis where they find an unsuspected shared energy. He never would have believed to be able to work long hours patiently and without sleep until he was challenged by the demands of the COVID crisis. As such, he discovers that to be effective the team leader should lead by example rather than by commandments! His experience as a patient allowed him to face his own mortality, to learn that healing rather than cure is the ultimate goal of caregiving.
From nurse to patient: A journey to healing
Authors: Begazo Leo
Published: March 2021

The nurse manager of an oncology clinic in a major cancer center shares his personal experience as a COVID-19 patient with other health care workers. He has spent two weeks in intensive care and found himself on the brink of death. In a lively description, he underlines the aspect of care that contributed to his cure. This included the respect that his caregivers expressed to his values, his love of his family and his religious beliefs. The communication of the caregivers was always honest and compassionate. He learned that love is the strongest motivation to survive in the course of a life-threatening disease and that healing is possible even in the absence of cure.
COVID-19 pandemic causing medical and public health ethical dilemmas: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Hernandez Jarelys , Lubrano di Ciccone Barbara , Thirlwell Sarah , Booth-Jones Margaret , Aslam Sadaf , Greene John
Published: March 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic presented myriad of unprecedented and daunting ethical dilemmas to healthcare workers, patients, their families, and the public health. Here we present a case of a 42-years-old Hispanic female with underlying hematological malignancy that developed severe SARS-COV-2 infection amidst the pandemic. This case illustrates some remarkable ethical dilemmas during pandemic times, including the lack of advanced directive planning, the repercussions of restricting family visits, and what ethics in crisis and moral injury entails. Identifying the ethical challenges emerging from the pandemic will assist physicians and other providers in making proper decisions and maintaining the best standard of care.
The Effects of Exercise and Restriction of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages on Muscle Function and Autophagy Regulation in High-Fat High-Sucrose-Fed Obesity Mice
Authors: Zhang Didi , Lee Ji Hyun , Shin Hyung Eun , Kwak Seong Eun , Bae Jun Hyun , Tang Liang , Song Wook
Published: March 2021

Background: Autophagy maintains muscle mass and healthy skeletal muscles. Several recent studies have associated sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption with diseases. We investigated whether muscle dysfunction due to obesity could be restored by SSB restriction (SR) alone or in combination with exercise (EX) training.Methods: Obese mice were subjected to SR combined with treadmill EX. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, grip strength test, hanging time test, and body composition analysis were performed. Triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) serum concentrations and TG concentrations in quadriceps muscles were analyzed. Western blot and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction helped analyze autophagy-related protein and mRNA expression, respectively.Results: SR alone had no significant effect on fasting blood glucose levels, glucose tolerance, and muscle function. However, it had effect on serum TC, serum TG, and BCL2 interacting protein 3 expression. SR+EX improved glucose tolerance and muscle function and increased serum TC utilization than SR alone. SR+EX reduced P62 levels, increased glucose transporter type 4 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α protein expression, and improved grip strength relative to the high-fat and high-sucrose liquid (HFHS) group, and this was not observed in the HFHS+EX group.Conclusion: SR induced mitophagy-related protein expression in quadriceps, without affecting muscle function. And, the combination of SR and EX activated mitophagy-related proteins and improved muscle function.
Analysis of endotracheal intubation-related judicial precedents in South Korea
Authors: Cho Hye-Yeon , Shin SuHwan , Lee SangJin , Yoon Susie , Lee Ho-Jin
Published: March 2021

Background: Medical malpractice during endotracheal intubation can result in catastrophic complications. However, there are no reports on these severe complications in South Korea. We aimed to investigate the severe complications associated with endotracheal intubation occurring in South Korea, via medicolegal analysis.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the closed judicial precedents regarding complications related to endotracheal intubation lodged between January 1994 and June 2020, using the database of the Supreme Court of Korea. We collected clinical and judicial characteristics from the judgments and analyzed the medical malpractices related to endotracheal intubation.Results: Of 220 potential cases, 63 were included in the final analysis. The most common event location was the operating room (n = 20, 31.7%). All but 3 cases were associated with significant permanent or more severe injury, including 31 deaths. The most common problems were failed or delayed intubation (n = 56, 88.9%). Supraglottic airway device was used in 5.2% (n = 3) cases of delayed or failed intubation. Fifty-one (81%) cases were ruled in favor of the plaintiff in the claims for damages, with a median payment of Korean Won 133,897,845 (38,000,000, 308,538,274). The most common malpractice recognized by the court was that of not attempting an alternative airway technique (n = 32, 50.8%), followed by violation of the duty of explanation (n = 10, 15.9%).Conclusion: Our results could increase physicians’ awareness of the major complications related to endotracheal intubation and help ensure patient safety.
Table of Contents Vol 9, No 2 (2020)
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Application of Point-of-care Cardiac Ultrasonography in COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Xie Mingxing , Chou Yi-Hong , Zhang Li , Zhang Danqing , Tiu Chui-Mei
Published: March 2021

The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, also known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), was formally defined a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020, and is still a global health issue. Since there is a high prevalence of acute cardiac injury in patients with COVID-19 infection, point-of-care cardiac ultrasound (PoCCUS) may be used for longitudinal monitoring of patients infected with COVID-19. However, there is still limited experience on the application of PoCCUS in the COVID-19 pandemic. Within the point of care setting in our system, focused cardiac US exams were performed with specific imaging protocols on the basis of suspicion of a specific disease, such as ruling out tamponade or thrombotic complications. Our preliminary experience shows that PoCCUS helps distinguish the causes of dyspnea in febrile patients. The COVID-19 infection may play a role in unmasking or exacerbating underlying chronic cardiovascular conditions, especially in patients with inadequate past history. In hospitalized patients with COVID-19, CURB-65 score for pneumonia severity and raised D-dimer were significantly associated with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). COVID-19 patients with DVT had worse prognosis, and patients with lower leg edema deserve further evaluation by using point-of-care ultrasound for the lower legs and heart. In COVID-19 patients with arrhythmia, PoCCUS used by experienced hands may reveal abnormal right ventricle (RV) functional parameters and lead to a more comprehensive cardiac US study. When there is suspicion of cardiac disease, PoCCUS can be done first, and if information is inadequate, limited transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), and critical care echocardiography (CCE) can be followed. Ultrasound practitioners should follow the standard precautions for COVID-19 as outlined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to prevent transmission of infection, regardless of suspected or confirmed COVID-19.
Ultrasonography
Authors: Sethi Humsheer Singh , Sen Kamal Kumar , Agrawal Akshat , Sharawat Ajay , Kumar B. Arun
Published: March 2021

Background:

The objectives were to perform an analysis of lung ultrasonography (LUS) findings in severely ill patients with novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and to compare the accuracy with high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the thorax.

Methods:

Sixty-two intensive care unit (ICU) patients with COVID-19 were evaluated during their hospital stay. LUS was performed with convex and linear transducers using a designated ultrasonography machine placed in the COVID-19 ICU. The thorax was scanned in 12 areas. Initial LUS was performed on admission and follow-up LUS was done in 7 (mean) days. At the time of the initial LUS, HRCT was performed in 28/62 patients and a chest radiography in 19/62 patients.

Results:

On admission, LUS detected pleural line thickening (>6 lung areas) in 49/62, confluent B-lines in 38/62, and separate B-lines in 34/62, consolidation in 12/62, C prime profile in 19/62, and pleural and cardiac effusions in 4/62 and 1/62, respectively. The single beam “torchlight” artifact was seen in 16/62, which may possibly be a variation of the B-line which has not been described earlier. Follow-up LUS detected significantly lower rates (P < 0.05) of abnormalities.

Conclusion:

Ultrasound demonstrated B-lines, variable consolidations, and pleural line irregularities. This study also sheds light on the appearance of the C prime pattern and “torchlight” B-lines which were not described in COVID-19 earlier. LUS findings were significantly reduced by the time of the follow-up scan, insinuating at a rather slow but consistent reduction in some COVID-19 lung lesions. However, the lung ultrasound poorly correlated with HRCT as a diagnostic modality in COVID-19 patients.
Balance and Gait Disturbances and Quality of Life in Patients with Idiopathic Parkinson'S Disease and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Authors: Boz Hatice Eraslan , Kiriş Aycem Öztürk , Koçoğlu Koray , Çolakoğlu Berril Dönmez , Çakmur Raif , Akdal Gülden
Published: March 2021

Objective:

The objective of this study is to compare the balance, gait, and quality of life of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and healthy controls (HCs).

Materials and Methods:

The present study included 26 patients with PD, 14 patients with PSP, and 22 HCs. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Dynamic Gait Index (DGI), and the Turkish version of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were administered to all participants. The Parkinson 's disease questionnaire (PDQ-39) and Unified PD Rating Scale were evaluated only among patients with PD and PSP.

Results:

There was a significant difference between PD and PSP in terms of BBS, DGI, and all variables of PDQ-39 except “social support” (P < 0.05). Although a significant difference was found between patients with PSP and HCs in the BBS and DGI, there was no significant difference between patients with PD and HCs in the DGI and BBS. Further, the BBS and DGI were strongly correlated regarding the “mobility” and “activities of daily living” variables of the PDQ-39 and moderately correlated in terms of “total scores of PDQ-39,” “stigma,” and “communication” subscores. The MMSE was moderately associated with “total scores of PDQ-39” and the “mobility” subscore.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrated a significant deterioration in balance, gait, and the quality of life in patients with PSP compared with PD and HCs. However, there was no difference between patients with PD and HCs.
Prevalence of tuberculosis-HIV co-infection and factors associated with treatment outcome among the tuberculosis patients in HIV treatment facility in a teaching hospital in Jos, North Central Nigeria
Authors: Asuke Sunday , Bimba John , Ngutor Swem Micheal , Ejiga Eunice , Miracle Shanabo Z. , Anamayi Dorcas M.
Published: March 2021

Background:

Globally, tuberculosis (TB) remains a disease of grave public health concern. It ranks above HIV/AIDS as the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent, and as one of the 10 most common causes of mortality. This study assessed the prevalence of TB-HIV co-infection and factors associated with treatment outcome among the TB patients in an HIV treatment facility in a Teaching hospital in Jos, North central Nigeria.

Methods:

A 10-year retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional review was conducted and data was extracted through the review of TB registers. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20 and bivariate analyses was conducted at P < 0.05.

Results:

The prevalence of TB-HIV co-infection was 9.25%, with the mean age of the study participants being 41.8 ± 11.6 years. Of all the participants, 87.5% had successful treatment outcome, while 12.5% had unsuccessful treatment outcome. In the bivariate analysis, place of residence was the only socio-demographic factor significantly associated with treatment outcome (<0.001).

Conclusion:

The TB-HIV co-infection prevalence rate was about 10% of the total HIV population with a high TB treatment success rate. With the exception of place of residence, no other factor had statistically significant relationship with the treatment outcome.
Chronicles of challenges confronting HIV prevention and treatment in Nigeria
Authors: Joseph Adejoke Adijat , Joseph Oluyemi Adesoji , Olokoba Bukola Lateefat , Olatunji Olatunji Aliu
Published: March 2021

Background:

Antiretroviral therapy reduces mortality and morbidity amongst people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS, improves their quality of life and reduces the potential to infect others. The goal of National Agency for the Control of AIDS is to achieve and sustain an AIDS-free Nigeria by 2030 hinged on its strategic framework. Achieving this goal is threatened by certain identified challenges.

Aim:

This study is to review the contents of the national HIV and AIDS strategic framework in a bid to identify the challenges confronting its full implementation in the management of HIV in Nigeria.

Methods:

Several published articles on HIV prevalence, factors influencing trend and spread, and sociodemographics of the affected were reviewed as well as three federal government of Nigeria national HIV and AIDS strategic framework. Articles were sourced from online indexes such as Medline; sampling about 60 peer-reviewed articles from which information relevant to the topic were retrieved. Publication by relevant bodies on HIV and AIDS was likewise reviewed, and relevant information was retrieved from them.

Results:

Challenges identified include AIDS-related stigmatisation and discrimination, socio-cultural norms and practices, especially denial of women to inheritance and widow inheritance with its resultant feminisation of poverty and female genital mutilation, reduced funding following the withdrawal of donor agencies, anti-Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer bias, bureaucratic and structural problems, as well as negative attitude of healthcare professionals.

Conclusion:

The study concludes that achieving an AIDS-free Nigeria with zero new infection and zero. AIDS-related stigmatisation by 2030 will require mitigating against the aforementioned challenges.
Immunology of coronavirus disease 2019 raises more questions than answers
Authors: Nasr Amre
Published: March 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is by far one of the biggest global health crises of this century. Unfortunately, up till now, there is no preventative vaccine and treatment strategies are disadvantaged by the ever-emerging viral mutations and the significantly high morbidity and fatality rate. Theoretically, the main hope to change this situation would be to develop novel, effective treatment and vaccine against COVID-19 based on the activation of T- and B-cells. An important part of this process understands the mechanisms of innate and acquired immunity to COVID-19. In this review article, a literature search was conducted using PubMed search engine looking at what has been published up to the 20th of July 2020 about the immunology of COVID-19. The aim is to collate all the evidence and highlight key features of what we know thus far about the immunity of COVID-19. This should hopefully deepen our understanding of the activated immune responses which will take us a step forward in the search for an effective COVID-19 vaccine.
Onchocerca volvulus infection among ivermectin-treated population in a rural setting in Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Akinbo Frederick Olusegun , Olawale Joseph Oyelami , Omoregie Richard , Okaka Christopher E. , Emokpae Mathias Abiodun , Eze Gerald Ikechi
Published: March 2021

Background:

West Africa includes the most endemic areas in the world with Nigeria being one of the largest countries of West Africa that has been reported to have a high incidence of onchocerciasis.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to determine Onchocerca volvulus infection among ivermectin-treated population in Ekpan community, Edo State, Nigeria.

Setting and Design:

A total of 105 participants including 60 males and 45 females with an age range of 15–81 years were recruited in the study. Random sampling technique was employed in the recruitment of participants.

Materials and Methods:

Two skin snip specimens were taken from the left and right iliac crests of each participant into a microtube containing physiological saline. The skin snips were processed using standard technique and examined microscopically for microfilariae of O. volvulus.

Statistical Analysis:

The data collected were analyzed using the Chi-square (X2) test and odd ratio. The statistical package used was GraphPad INSTAT.

Results:

An overall prevalence of 74.3% of O. volvulus infection was observed among ivermectin-treated subjects in Ekpan. Age, occupation, noncompliance of ivermectin treatment, and source of water significantly affected the prevalence of O. volvulus infection among ivermectin-treated population in Ekpan (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Effective distribution of ivermectin and strict compliance of ivermectin treatment are advocated as these efforts will go a long way at controlling as well as reducing the effects of onchocerciasis in this community.
Allergen detection and analysis in Eastern Taiwan area
Authors: Chen Chia-Jung , Liu Yu-Hsien , Lin Teng-Yi , Jan Rong-Hwa
Published: March 2021

Objective:

Environmental factors, eating habits, and different ages might affect the profiles of allergy sensitization. The purpose of this study was to survey the different profiles of allergen sensitization in different ages in eastern Taiwan.

Materials and Methods:

We analyzed the allergic patients who had allergen sensitization examinations by the Phadiatop (atopy screen; IBT Laboratories, Lenexa, KS, USA) and the Pharmacia CAP System method at Haulien Tzu Chi Hospital from January 2010 to December 2015. Results were compared in different ages.

Results:

A total of 15,455 patients were analyzed. The food and aeroallergen screen sensitization rate of children was significantly higher than that of adults (44.0% vs. 9.9% and 61.9% vs. 52.2% P < 0.05). Children had statistically significantly higher cow milk allergen-specific sensitization rate than that of adults (32.9% vs. 5.8% P < 0.05). The higher sensitization of shrimp occurred in adults than children. (33.6% vs. 24.8% P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Our data demonstrate that children have higher cow milk allergy sensitization and adults have higher sensitization of shrimp.
Centering Koebe polyhedra via Möbius transformations
Authors: Lángi Zsolt
Published: March 2021

A variant of the Circle Packing Theorem states that the combinatorial class of any convex polyhedron contains elements, called Koebe polyhedra, midscribed to the unit sphere centered at the origin, and that these representatives are unique up to Möbius transformations of the sphere. Motivated by this result, various papers investigate the problem of centering spherical configurations under Möbius transformations. In particular, Springborn proved that for any discrete point set on the sphere there is a Möbius transformation that maps it into a set whose barycenter is the origin, which implies that the combinatorial class of any convex polyhedron contains an element midsribed to a sphere with the additional property that the barycenter of the points of tangency is the center of the sphere. This result was strengthened by Baden, Krane and Kazhdan who showed that the same idea works for any reasonably nice measure defined on the sphere. The aim of the paper is to show that Springborn’s statement remains true if we replace the barycenter of the tangency points by many other polyhedron centers. The proof is based on the investigation of the topological properties of the integral curves of certain vector fields defined in hyperbolic space. We also show that most centers of Koebe polyhedra cannot be obtained as the center of a suitable measure defined on the sphere.
Relative entropy and the Pinsker product formula for sofic groups
Authors: Hayes Ben
Published: March 2021

We continue our study of the outer Pinsker factor for probability measure-preserving actions of sofic groups. Using the notion of local and doubly empirical convergence developed by Austin we prove that in many cases the outer Pinsker factor of a product action is the product of the outer Pinsker factors. Our results are parallel to those of Seward for Rokhlin entropy. We use these Pinsker product formulas to show that if

X

is a compact group, and

G

is a sofic group with

G\curvearrowright X

by automorphisms, then the outer Pinsker factor of

G\curvearrowright (X,m_{X})

is given as a quotient by a

G

-invariant, closed, normal subgroup of

X

. We use our results to show that if

G

is sofic and

f\in M_{n}(\mathbb Z(G))

is invertible as a convolution operator

\ell^{2}(G)^{\oplus n}\to \ell^{2}(G)^{\oplus n},

then the action of

G

on the Pontryagin dual of

\mathbb Z(G)^{\oplus n}/\mathbb Z(G)^{\oplus n}f

has completely positive measure-theoretic entropy with respect to the Haar measure.
Structure of normally and finitely non-co-Hopfian groups
Authors: van Limbeek Wouter
Published: March 2021

A group

G

is (finitely) co-Hopfian if it does not contain any proper (finite-index) subgroups isomorphic to itself. We study finitely generated groups

G

that admit a descending chain of proper normal finite-index subgroups, each of which is isomorphic to

G

. We prove that up to finite index, these are always obtained by pulling back a chain of subgroups from a free abelian quotient. We give two applications: first, we show any proper self-embedding of

G

with finite-index characteristic image arises by pulling back an endomorphism of the abelianization; secondly, we prove special cases (for normal subgroups) of conjectures of Benjamini and Nekrashevych–Pete regarding the classification of scale-invariant groups.
Интегральные неравенства в теории гессиановских операторов
Authors: Ivochkina Nina Mikhailovna , Prokof'eva S I , Yakunina G V
Published: March 2021

В статье обсуждается влияние новых геометрических инвариантов
области на гессиановские интегральные неравенства и
дано новое доказательство известных неравенств Трудингера-Ванга.
Проведен сравнительный анализ неравенств Трудингера-Ванга
с классическим неравенством Пуанкаре-Фридрихса,
который показывает, что они качественно различны. Показано,
что гессиановские интегральные неравенства содержат
информацию нового типа и не имеют аналогов
в классическом функциональном анализе.
Библиография: 19 названий.
О разрешении особенностей одномерных слоений на трeхмерных многообразиях
Authors: Rebelo Julio C , Reis Helena
Published: March 2021

Статья посвящена изучению разрешений особенностей голоморфных векторных полей
и одномерных слоений в размерности 3 и преследует две основные цели.
Во-первых, в рамках общей теории одномерных слоений мы опираемся на работу
Ф. Кано, К. Роша и М. Спиваковского (2014) и по существу завершаем еe.
Как следствие, мы получаем общую теорему о разрешении,
сравнимую с теоремой о разрешении Мак-Квиллана-Панаццоло (2013),
но доказываемую с помощью совершенно иных методов.
Вторая цель статьи состоит в рассмотрении специального класса
особенностей слоений, содержащего, в частности,
все особенности полных голоморфных векторных полей
на комплексных многообразиях размерности 3. Мы доказываем,
что для этого класса голоморфных слоений имеет место
гораздо более сильная теорема о разрешении. Этот второй результат
был первоначальной мотивацией данной статьи, и он основан на комбинации
ранее полученных нами результатов о разрешении особенностей (общих) слоений
и некоторых классических методов асимптотических разложений
для решений дифференциальных уравнений.
Библиография: 34 названия.
Emocje w kontekście podróży literackich Andrzeja Stasiuka na Wschód: smutek, strach, nostalgia
Authors: Kanasz Tatiana
Published: March 2021

Emotions in the Context of Andrzej Stasiuk’s Literary Journeys to the East: Sadness, Fear, Nostalgia The aim of the article is to interpret Andrzej Stasiuk's literary journeys to the East from the perspective of the sociology of emotions. Motives of the journey, the names of feelings that Stasiuk uses in his journey to the East and the emotions he assigns to the Other, as well as the manner of their expression and contextualization were examined. The imagined and experienced East is presented in relation to sadness, fear and nostalgia, which fits in the context of experiencing communism and traveling to peripheral, non-touristic places. The findings motivate treating literature as a culturally significant source of data for exploring feeling rules and emotional regimes expressed by the author and characters. Celem artykułu jest interpretacja literackich podróży na Wschód Andrzeja Stasiuka z perspektywy socjologii emocji. Refleksji poddano motywy podróży, eksplorowano nazwy uczuć, których Stasiuk używa w podróży na Wschód i emocje, które przypisuje Innemu oraz sposób ich wyrażania i kontekstualizacji. Wyobrażony oraz doświadczany Wschód jest przedstawiany w odniesieniu do smutku, strachu i nostalgii, co wpisuje się w kontekst przeżywania komunizmu oraz podróży do miejsc peryferyjnych, nieturystycznych. Wyniki badania motywują do wykorzystania literatury jako kulturowo istotnego źródła danych w odkrywaniu reguł odczuwania oraz reżimów emocjonalnych wyrażanych przez autora oraz bohaterów.
Rosyjska rewolucja i świat w XX wieku w kontekście "problemu rosyjskiego" na paryskiej konferencji pokojowej
Authors: Narocznicka Natalia Aleksiejewna
Published: March 2021

The Russian Revolution and the World in the Twentieth Century: Viewed in the Context of the Russian Question at the Paris Peace Conference

The author reviews and sums up areas of research focused on the centennial of the Russian Revolution, Civil War and the end of World War One. Special emphasis is put to the Russian question at the 1919 Paris Peace (Versailles) Conference. The article presents both new and little known data revealing the differences among the Allied Powers regarding the Russian Revolution, the Bolshevik regime, support to the White Movement and the integrity of the Russian territory. It also studies some scarcely researched aspects of W. Wilson's program and US secret diplomacy, including the role of the'Inquiry', the American study group at Versailles Conference; Bullitt's mission to Soviet Russia; negotiations between M. Litvinov and W. Buckler; plans to recognize the Bolsheviks on the territory they were controlling in 1919.

Artykuł systematyzuje kierunki badań związanych ze stuleciem rosyjskiej rewolucji, wojny domowej i zakończeniem pierwszej wojny światowej. Szczególną uwagę poświęca się „rosyjskiemu Problemowi” na Paryskiej Konferencji Pokojowej w 1919 r. Autorka przywołuje mało znane i nowe fakty świadczące o kontrowersjach między państwami Ententy w ocenie rewolucji w Rosji, reżimu bolszewickiego, poparcia dla Ruchu Białych i integralności terytorium Rosji. Zaprezentowana została analiza mało zbadane aspekty programu W. Wilsona i tajnej dyplomacji USA, w tym rola amerykańskiej grupy eksperckiej Inquiry, misja W. Bullita w Radzieckiej Rosji, rozmowy M. Litwinowa i W. Becklera, plany uznania władzy bolszewików na zajmowanych przez nich w 1919 r. terytoriach.
Design of Information System For SPP Payment In Politeknik Hasnur Using Framework Codeigniter 3
Authors: Jariah Ainun , Ardi Abdullah
Published: March 2021

The tuition fee payment system is a mechanism for transferring funds charged to students for educational institutions to expedite the lecture process in terms of learning and teaching. Design of an SPP Payment Information System at Hasnur Polytechnic Using the Codeigniter 3 Framework was created using the programming language PHP, codeigniter framework 3 and database MySQL. This application was made in order to facilitate the financial section for managing payment data and students can find out the tuition payments they have made and will be paid. The research method uses a waterfall from the analysis stage to application testing. Then the system design is carried out using DFD (Data Flow Diagram) and design is interface also done at this stage. Furthermore, writing the program code is done using the PHP programming language and the codeigniter framework. Then the results of the study were tested using the method black box testing. The test results state that the program is in accordance with the described functional require.
Realization of the right to free movement under quarantine conditions: practice of the European Court of Human Rights
Authors: Krusian Anzhelika , Tsiura Vadym , Perezhniak Boris , Sabodash Roman , Kazakova Lyudmila
Published: March 2021

Under uncertain conditions, the introduction of a state of emergency and quarantine measures, the scope of human rights may be subject to state interference and some rights cannot be exercised at all. The aim of the work is to examine the problem of the exercise of the right to freedom of movement and personal integrity in the context of COVID-19 through the practice of the European Court of Human Rights ECTHR. The theme of the study is the social relations that arise in the exercise of the right to freedom of movement and personal integrity in the COVID-19 pandemic. Research methods are the dialectical method, the method of system analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, modeling, comparison, generalization, and formalization. As a result of the study, the problems of the realization of the right to freedom of movement and personal inviolability in COVID-19 were analyzed through the prism of ECtHR decisions. The international experience of regulating the right to circular under quarantine conditions was clarified and suggested ways to solve this problem to protect human dignity.
Egyptian-Israeli Relations during the Government of Mohamed Morsi (2012-2013)
Authors: Tuhvatullin Ayrat Halitovich , Epshteyn Vitaly Anatolievich , Pichygin Pavel Vladimirovich , Sultanova Alina Petrovna
Published: March 2021

The article highlights the details of the foreign policy of the Arab Republic of Egypt and its impact on the regional security of the state of Israel in between 2012-2013. After the Islamists came to power, they began to dominate expectations that the political force led by Mohamed Morsi would initiate an active anti-Israel policy, however, with active anti-Semitic rhetoric, the "Muslim brotherhood" was able to maintain peaceful relations with Israel. The purpose of this study was to characterize the relationship between M. Morsi's government and the state of Israel during the period 2012 to 2013while revealing the impact of various factors on the preservation of peace in the region, especially in the face of the conflict situation that intensified in neigh boring countries such as Libya and Syria. The main approaches to the study of the problem under consideration were analytical method and content analysis. It is concluded that the article can also contribute to the study of the history of the Middle East within the framework of Arab-Israeli relations against the deterioration of the political situation and the strengthening of religious radicalism in the region.
Economic and financial results of the USA and the European Union sanctions war against Russia: first results
Authors: Nusratullin Ilmir , Yarullin Raul , Ismagilova Tagira , Eremeeva Olga , Ermoshina Tatiana
Published: March 2021

As part of this study, the goal is set to assess the impact of sanctions imposed by the United States and the European Union on the economy and financial sector of Russia, to identify the effectiveness of the initial goals of these countries. To achieve the goal, the legal acts concerning the imposed sanctions of the USA and the European Union against Russia were first analyzed, a chronology of events was described, and sanctions were classified. Further, based on the data of the World Bank and the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, the results of the sanction pressure on the Russian economy and financial sector were estimated. Then the results of this study were compared with the results obtained by other scholars. The paper concluded that the sanctions of the United States and the European Union did have an impact on the economy and financial sector of Russia, but this influence was not as significant as the leaders of these countries expected. In addition, the impact of the sanctions is gradually decreasing despite the introduction of new sanctions on various pretexts.
Institution of Complicity in a Crime: Comparative-Legal Interpretation
Authors: Nazarenko Gennady , Sitnikova Alexandra , Baybarin Andrey
Published: March 2021

The objective of the study was to identify the design patterns and distinctive features of the institution of complicity in a crime in certain criminal laws. The methodology was based on the use of legislative interpretation operations and techniques such as the hermeneutics of criminal texts, which allows to identify the structural, constructive, and substantive features of the rules on complicity in a crime. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the textological approach of the criminal-legal regulations of the institution of complicity. This approach allows to interpret the standards in a comparative aspect, taking into account the deep level of their construction. Among the results obtained are:(1) the inclusion of complicity rules in other criminal law institutions is an unjustified design technique; (2) the absence of a complex of titles in the institution of complicity reduces the level of quality of this institution; (3) the presence of definitive rules in the institution of complicity significantly increases its quality; (4) the differentiation of accomplices in crime should not be excessive and arbitrary; (5) the rules on attempted complicity in a crime increase the preventive potential of criminal law.
Reflections on the respect of the rights of citizens during judicial decisions of execution
Authors: Sergiienko Nataliia A. , Galagan Volodymyr I. , Udovenko Zhanna V. , Cherneha Andriy P. , Oblovatska Nataliia O.
Published: March 2021

The objective of the article was to analyze the problematic aspects of the judicial executive process, considering its properties and the classification of its stages. The methodological basis of the study are the general and special methods of scientific knowledge (inductive, analytical, hermeneutic, systemic and others). The results of the study include the analysis of scientific approaches to the essence, properties, classification of stages of the executive process and argumentation of theoretical proposals and informed practices. Moreover, the authors' conclusions on certain topics are set out, a new original definition of "stages of the executive process” and their original new classification is based. The practical importance of the results is that the conclusions and proposals made significantly enrich procedural science during the implementation of judicial decisions; it will be useful for the subjects of enforcement proceedings (implementing agents, parties to enforcement proceedings) in the exercise of their procedural rights and the performance of their procedural functions. The conclusions presented based on the analysis can be used to generalize executive practice.
Legal linguistics as a promising field of knowledge
Authors: Makushev Petro V. , Minchenko Olha V. , Tsareva Iryna V.
Published: March 2021

The relevance of the article is stipulated for the necessity to study a new and promising field of knowledge – legal linguistics. The purpose of the article is to study legal linguistics as a promising field of knowledge. Achieving the goal of the study necessitated processing the scientific literature on legal techniques, hermeneutics, linguistic interpretation, public speaking, and legal linguistics. The main method while studying these issues is the hermeneutic method, which is programmed for a new approach to understanding and interpreting the language of law and the language of laws, legal language formation and allowed to understand the text as a process of interpretation. The problems of linguistic field, interaction of linguistics and law are revealed, the specific functioning of language in the field of law is analyzed. Prospects of combining legal and linguistic competence, interpretation of texts of laws, speeches of judges and lawyers, and legal translation are studied. The article emphasizes the necessity to single out such a field of knowledge as legal linguistics and the prospects for its development are outlined.
Criminal-legal ensuring of freedom of religion in modern conditions: a comparative analysis
Authors: Lykhova Sophia Ya. , Leonov Borys D. , Lysko Tetiana D. , Shaptala Natalya K. , Maksymov Sergiy I.
Published: March 2021

The article conducts a comparative criminal law investigation to ensure freedom of religion in Ukraine and some countries. The subject of the study is a person's right to freedom of religion guaranteed by the Ukrainian Constitution. In conducting this research, a comparative legal method was widely used, which allowed a two-tier analysis (empirical and theoretical) of the legal systems of Ukraine and some foreign countries in terms of ensuring freedom of religion under criminal law, to identify the originals and specific manifestations of such support, to determine the patterns of development of each country's criminal law. As a result of the investigation, some gaps and advantages of Ukrainian law were identified in terms of criminal law guaranteeing the right to freedom of religion. Itstates that Ukraine's modern criminal law generally complies with international standards for the protection of citizens' constitutional right to freedom of religion, but there are some shortcomings in terms of unequivocal understanding of the elements of crimes that violate freedom of religion, which are worth discussing.
To the issue of identifying some objects of operational protection by criminal police units of the National Police of Ukraine
Authors: Anatoliyovich Chyzh Sergii , Volodymyrivna Shahova Kateryna , Oleksandrovich Dereviahin Oleksii , Lavrentiiovych Dal Adam , Anatoliyovich Saltovets Sergii
Published: March 2021

The subject of the investigation are the operational maintenance objects of the machine-building complex and the recreational-tourism sphere by criminal police divisions. The research methodology includes the following methods: general and special legal: monographic method, method of analysis and synthesis, comparative legal method, classification method, statistical method, abstract-logical method. Scientific approaches to operating service definition are considered. An analysis of the machinery construction complex and the tourist and recreational field was carried out to achieve high standards of its operational service. As a practical dignified facility of the machinery construction complex and the tourist and recreational sphere were ordered in appropriate groups to identify those in need of operational maintenance. It is concluded that the regulations of the Ministry of the Interior and the National Police of Ukraine do not contain provisions that clearly define the content of the institution of operational services and its place in the system of operational and investigative units to combat crime.