bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recent advances in green multi-component reactions for heterocyclic compound construction
Authors: Shen Xinling , Hong Gang , Wang Limin
Published: January 2025

This review highlights the recent advances in multi-component reactions for synthesizing heterocyclic compounds via green approaches including photoredox catalysis, electrochemical activation, catalyst-free methods and use of water as sole solvent.
Phosphoric acid based geopolymer foam-activated carbon composite for methylene blue adsorption: isotherm, kinetics, thermodynamics, and machine learning studies
Authors: Khan Muhammad Irfan , Sufian Suriati , Hassan Farrukh , Shamsuddin Rashid , Farooq Muhammad
Published: January 2025

The ACP adsorbent, a blend of activated carbon and phosphoric acid-based geopolymer foam, showed high methylene blue adsorption efficiency, aligning with the Langmuir isotherm, PSO kinetics, and ANN-based predictions.
Origin of 13C NMR chemical shifts elucidated based on molecular orbital theory: paramagnetic contributions from orbital-to-orbital transitions for the pre-α, α, β, α-X, β-X and ipso-X effects, along with effects from characteristic bonds and groups
Authors: Nakanishi Waro , Hayashi Satoko , Matsuzaki Keigo
Published: January 2025

The plain rules were formulated based on the MO theory to understand the origin and mechanisms leading to 13C NMR chemical shifts, by analyzing the pre-α, α and β effects and those from ethene, benzene, ethyne and the carbonyl group, for example.
Microwave-assisted synthesis and in vitro and in silico studies of pyrano[3,2-c]quinoline-3-carboxylates as dual acting anti-cancer and anti-microbial agents and potential topoisomerase II and DNA-gyrase inhibitors
Authors: Aly Ashraf A. , Abd El-Naby Hisham A. , Ahmed Essam Kh. , Gedamy Sageda A. , Rissanen Kari , Nieger Martin , Brown Alan B. , Shehat Michael G. , Shaaban Marwa M. , Atta Amal
Published: January 2025

A microwave-assisted method was utilized to synthesize novel pyranoquinolone derivatives as dual acting topoisomerase II/DNA gyrase inhibitors with apoptosis induction ability for halting lung cancer and staphylococcal infection.
Design and development of an isatin-1,2,3-triazole hybrid analogue as a potent anti-inflammatory agent with enhanced efficacy and gene expression modulation
Authors: Niranjana Kumar A. , Das Smruti Ranjan , Kotesh Kumar J. , Srinivas K. V. N. S. , Tetali Sarada D.
Published: January 2025

Synthesis of novel isatin 1,2,3-triazoles as potent anti-inflammatory agent with enhanced efficacy and gene expression modulation.
A novel LC-TQ-MS/MS method for quantifying mefenamic acid-NDSRI (N-nitroso drug substance-related impurity) in mefenamic acid tablet and pediatric suspension dosage forms: a comparative study with a cost-effective white, green, and blue UPLC method
Authors: Nakka Srinivas , Katari Naresh Kumar , Muchakayala Siva Krishna , Jonnalagadda Sreekantha Babu , Manabolu Surya Surendra Babu
Published: January 2025

The current research presents novel LC-TQ-MS/MS and cost-effective UPLC methods intended for the accurate quantification of NDSRI impurities in mefenamic acid (MFA) tablet and pediatric suspension dosage forms.
Impact of charge distribution on the stability of ferroelectric nematic liquid crystals
Authors: de Mello Matheus , Wilson Mark Richard , Araki Takeaki
Published: January 2025

Molecular dynamics simulations of DIO were performed to investigate the mechanisms driving its ferroelectric nematic phase. The simulations highlight that correlations between lateral dipoles are crucial for stabilizing the polar order.
Rational design for enhanced mechanical and kinetic properties of SnSb-based yolk–shell heterostructure as long cycle-life, high-rate Na-ion battery anode
Authors: Im Jong Min , Lim Hyojun , Kim Hyunjin , Kang Yun Chan , Hwa Yoon , Kim Sang-Ok
Published: January 2025

A long cycle-life, high-rate SnSb@C-SiOC nanohybrid anode for SIBs is designed. The multi-functional shell boosts electrochemical kinetics, and the heterostructure effectively suppresses huge volume change and structural degradation of SnSb.
Immiscible alloys as high-capacity and ultra-stable anodes for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Zhao Xiaoying , Liu Ningbo , Wang Liubin , Wang Xiaohan , Qin Bin , Li Qiaqia , Xu Yinuo , Liu Jing , Li Fujun
Published: January 2025

Immiscible alloys with interlocking structures were synthesized at moderate temperatures for use as anodes in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), showing high capacity and remarkable long-term cycling stability.
A framework for understanding and investigating polyphosphate-protein interactions
Authors: McCarthy Liam , Baijal Kanchi , Downey Michael
Published: January 2025

Many prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells store inorganic phosphate in the form of polymers called polyphosphate (polyP). There has been an explosion of interest in polyP over the past decade, in part due to newly suggested roles related to diverse aspects of human health. The physical interaction of polyP chains with specific proteins has been proposed to regulate cellular homeostasis and modulate signaling pathways in response to environmental changes. Recently, several studies have challenged existing models for how polyP interacts with its protein targets, while identifying new motifs that are capable of binding to polyP. In this review, we summarize these findings, delineate the functional implications for polyP-protein interactions at the molecular level, and define open questions that should be addressed to propel the field forward.
On the decay of one-dimensional locally and partially dissipated hyperbolic systems
Authors: Crin-Barat Timothée , De Nitti Nicola , Zuazua Enrique
Published: January 2025

We study the time-asymptotic behavior of linear hyperbolic systems subject to partial dissipation that is localized in suitable subsets of the domain. Specifically, we recover the classical decay rates of partially dissipative systems that satisfy the stability condition (SK), with a time-delay that depends only on the velocity of each component and the size of the undamped region. To quantify this delay, we assume that the undamped region is a bounded space interval and that the system, without space-restriction on the dissipation, satisfies the stability condition (SK). The former assumption ensures that the time spent by the characteristics of the system in the undamped region is finite, and the latter ensures that the solutions decay whenever the damping is active. Our approach consists of reformulating the system into $n$ coupled transport equations and showing that the time-decay estimates are delayed by the sum of the times that each characteristic spends in the undamped region.
Application of Stokes’ higher order theory and JONSWAP spectrum in modelling extreme wave events validation with historical data
Authors: Khan Muhammad Azeem , Nizamani Zafarullah , Nakayama Akihiko , Ahmed Mirza Munir
Published: January 2025

Accurately modelling wave elevations is critical for the design and safety of offshore structures. This study explores the application of Stokes’ 5th Order Wave Theory and JONSWAP (Joint North Sea Wave Project) spectrum to simulate wave conditions similar to those experienced during the Draugen Ringing Event. Hindcasting on the dataset collected form Norwegian Meteorological Institute sensor system Draugen is performed. Through rigorous analysis performed by integrating these models, we aim to validate their accuracy and reliability against empirical data. The methodology includes generating the JONSWAP spectrum based on significant wave heights and peak periods, followed by computing wave surface elevations using Stokes’ 5th Order Wave Theory and spectral analysis. The outcome of the analysis shows a strong correlation between the modelled irregular wave elevations and actual wave data, demonstrating the effectiveness of these models.
Comparative analysis of SAR sensors for effective tectonic lineament mapping in semiarid region
Authors: Chakouri Mohcine , Jellouli Amine , Hajaj Soufiane , El Hachimi Jaouad , Ouguinaz Abdelkarim , Aangri Abdelhaq , El Harti Abderrazak
Published: January 2025

The progression and refinement of remote sensing techniques now allow the extraction of geological lineaments without traditional methods. This study aims to detect lineaments using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data from three sensors with different bands: Alos-Palsar, Radarsat-1, and Sentinel-1. Automatic lineament extraction is performed by combining two different parameters along with the Palsar Digital Elevation Model in order to recommend the most powerful sensor for this task. The methodology involves relating the length, number, orientation, and density of lineaments to surface features such as slope, lithology, and discontinuities. The results of this evaluation show that the lineaments obtained of both polarizations of sentinel correlate better with geological units, the orientation of the tectonic system, shadow and slope maps. This is attributable to the high efficiency of VH polarization, which is not dependent on soil characteristics, in comparison with other polarizations that overestimated lineaments with different directions.
Compilation and mapping of hydrogeological data for the Tadla irrigation perimeter
Authors: Iharzi Chaimae , Najine Abdessamad , Kassou Amina , Benmoussa Amroumousa , Mouzoun Ouafae , Essahlaoui Ali , Khrabcha Abdelali
Published: January 2025

With its lush fields and neighboring mountains, the Tadla Plain in central Morocco is an important agricultural area. Its climate is semi-arid to arid, with a dry season from June to September and a rainy season from October to May. Summer temperatures exceed 30°C, while winter temperatures fall below 5°C. The area, which is a part of the Oum Erbia River basin, is mostly dependent on groundwater for industry, agriculture, and drinking. In this study, 58 wells (42 from ORMVAT and 16 from ABHOER) were analyzed to determine the water table levels and groundwater quality. Different physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters were analyzed, such as, pH, EC, Cl⁻, NO₃⁻,SO₄²⁻, etc. As well as hydrodynamic data including permeability, transmissivity, storage coefficients, and piezometric levels. With permeability between 10⁻⁵ and 10⁻³ m/s and transmissivity between 1×10⁻³ and 5×10⁻² m²/s, groundwater flows from northeast to southwest, indicating moderate to strong water transmission. Moderate storage capacity is indicated by storage coefficients ranging from 3×10⁻² to 6×10⁻². However, the quality of groundwater varies; many wells, particularly in the Beni Amir nappe, exhibit poor quality. Concentrations of electrical conductivity (EC) and chloride ions (Cl-) are high in most wells.
Uses of geographic information systems to analyze the Hydro-Geotechnical hazards and related risks in the Tiflet watershed, Morocco
Authors: Chekkouch Hajar , Benammi Mohamed , Chakiri Saïd
Published: January 2025

Geographical information systems have a very important role in visualizing geographical, geological, hydrological and geotechnical data, in the form of layers in thematic maps that are easy to analyse and interpret on a local or regional scale. Based on multi-source and technical data, we have defined all the hydro-geotechnical hazards existing in the Oued Tiflet watershed. The latter is characterized by different lithological formations whose physical-mechanical parameters vary from upstream to downstream. By combining these characteristics with morphological and hydrological data, we can assess the degree of soil erodibility and identify unstable zones in each part of the watershed. And to provide a detailed geotechnical zoning of the Tiflet basin useful for future urbanization projects and the construction of engineering structures.
Contribution of GPS and GIS in the Study of the Dynamics of the Coastline and the Mouth of the Moulouya (Northeast Morocco)
Authors: Sbai Abdelkader , Mouadili Omar , Benrbia Khadija , Hlal Mohammed , Amghar Ahmed
Published: January 2025

This study assesses the utility of Global Positioning System (GPS) data in monitoring coastal dynamics, focusing on the Moulouya estuary. The research demonstrates the capability of GPS in capturing 3D estuarine kinematics with annual temporal resolution and sub-centimetre accuracy. Analysis of GPS data collected from 2013 to 2021 reveals both spatial and temporal variations in the Moulouya estuary's dynamics. The findings emphasize GPS's ability to continuously track the kinematics of geomorphological features exhibiting small, gradual displacements. Moreover, the study underscores GPS's potential to complement traditional topometric methods, enhancing coastal monitoring and warning systems.
The Role of Gis in Monitoring the Impact of Climate Fluctuations on The Decline of Surface Water Stored in The Mohamed V Dam on the Moulouya River (Eastern Region)
Authors: Amghar Ahmed , Sbai Abdelkader , Mouadili Omar
Published: January 2025

Water resources are not just a fundamental pillar of territorial development, but also a lifeline for all human economic and social activities. This necessity has led Moroccan officials to consider technical solutions to collect surface water, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. Consequently, numerous dams have been constructed, forming significant infrastructure for water storage, with over 135 large and medium dams built by 2018. A new project was also initiated in early 2020 to construct more dams, underscoring the critical role of water resources in our daily lives. In recent years, the water reservoirs in arid and semi-arid regions, such as the lower Moulouya basin in northeastern Morocco, have been severely impacted by siltation. This is primarily due to the climatic characteristics of the region, marked by sudden and concentrated rainfall. The resulting water erosion, exacerbated by alternating periods of drought and continuous human pressure, has significantly reduced the storage capacity of the Mohamed V Dam from 730 million cubic meters at its inception to 327 million cubic meters. These observations, made using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), underscore the urgent need to address this issue.
The Role of Wind Dynamics in Sand Mobility in the Tafilalet Oasis (Southeast Morocco)
Authors: El Jabbouri Abdelaadim , Lasgaa Hicham , Sbai Abdelkader , Mouadili Omar
Published: January 2025

Wind plays a crucial role in the movement and accumulation of sand in the Tafilalet Oasis. It is the primary driver of variations in the morphological forms of sand accumulation, as well as the direction of dune development and movement. This dynamic has significant socio-spatial consequences for the region. This study emphasizes the fundamental role of wind dynamics in shaping and moving sand formations. The methodology is based on an analytical approach, tracking the evolution of various sand accumulation dynamics over a 12-year period using remote sensing techniques, geographic information systems (GIS), and field data. The results reveal notable differences in the mobility of specific dune forms. For instance, the displacement reached 15 meters at sites 6 and 7, and 45 meters at site 8—values considered low compared to the mobility observed at sites 1 to 5, where displacement reached up to 130 meters at site 1 and 70 meters at site 5. The study also highlights variations in the mobility of dunes with similar characteristics, influenced by many factors such as the size of sand accumulations, wind speed, and other natural elements like topographical flatness.
Mapping Tree-Covered Forest Formations (Case Study: Beni-Mellal Forest): Evaluation Study of the Potential of the Mohammed VI-B Satellite Image
Authors: chikh Essbiti Mohammed , El Ghmari Abderrahmene , El Harti Abderrazak , Bachaoui El Mostapha , Namous Mustapha , Krimissa Samira , El Aloui Abdenbi , Hajaj Soufiane , Laouane Mourad
Published: January 2025

The use of satellite imagery provides valuable information on vegetation (agriculture, forest, etc.). Among the recently launched satellites are the Mohammed VI satellite. The Mohammed VI satellite imagery has a very high spatial resolution (VHR) (50 cm), which enables the study of vegetation at a very fine scale, such as the mapping of tree species. However, to date, few studies have been published on vegetation analysis using Mohammed VI satellite imagery. For this reason, this study presents an attempt to use Mohammed VI satellite imagery for forest vegetation mapping. In this project, we employed three main approaches to map tree species, namely a pixel-based approach to eliminate the “non-vegetation” class, a photo-interpretation approach to create samples (training and validation), and an Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) to classify tree cover and tree species. This study demonstrated that the Mohammed VI satellite imagery allowed for the extraction of vegetation and tree cover with an accuracy exceeding 90%. However, the accuracy for mapping tree species is around 60%. Therefore, this work has shown that the Mohammed VI satellite imagery presents a real potential for mapping vegetation and, more specifically, forest tree species.
Assessment of Flood Mitigation Strategies: A Case Study of the Aït Athmane Center in the Errachidia Region
Authors: Kadiri Abdelhakim , Essafraoui Badre , Messaoudi Badre , Aït Lahssaine Ismail , Ait Said Brahim , El Ouali Mohamed , Kabiri Lahcen
Published: January 2025

The development of impoverished and marginalized communities is being increasingly jeopardized by the risks associated with climate change. Extreme weather events, like floods, can impact infrastructure, ecosystems, agriculture, water, and other vital sectors. Our study focuses on the flood risk in Aït Athmane, located 28 kilometres north of Errachidia, Morocco. This area is particularly vulnerable to flooding and overflows from the Ziz Wadi tributary, which passes through the territory of Aït Athmane. The specific objectives of this study are to assess the effects of flooding in this area and to propose various adaptation strategies. The methodology involved processing GIS data for the basin's hydrological study, statistically analyzing the maximum daily rainfall at the “Foum Tillicht” rainfall station using HyfranPlus software, and estimating peak flow using various empirical formulas. We then used the 'HEC-RAS' hydraulic modeling program to perform a hydraulic simulation, an essential step in understanding these values for Aït Athmane Wadi, a tributary of Ziz Wadi. GIS software was used to create the maps, which were superimposed to identify locations vulnerable to flooding. The findings indicate that, for varying return periods, flows range from 60.13 m³/s to 92.69 m³/s, with a concentration-time of 125.55 minutes. The hydraulic study indicates an overflow risk, endangering nearby residents and their crops. In certain areas, these floods can reach three meters. Numerous strategies have been identified and proposed to mitigate the effects of this significant risk. These primarily involve simple mechanical adjustments such as constructing gabion weirs, raising retaining walls along the Wadi's banks, and creating crossing structures.
Study of the impact of drought on the runoff system and the dam on Oued Za using romote sensing techniques (Eastern Morocco)
Authors: Karboub Abdelaziz , Ghzal Mohammed , Sbai Abdelkader , Mouadili Omar
Published: January 2025

The irregularity of precipitation that most Moroccan territories receive is mainly due to the association of precipitation with the atmospheric system in general. This phenomenon has an obvious impact, particularly in semi-arid areas, which suffer from scarcity of water resources and low precipitation rates. In turn, the Oued El Hay basin (northern margins of the highlands) is characterized by aridity resulting from its difficult climatic conditions, since climatic elements have an important and decisive role in the periodic and more severe occurrence of droughts, due to their seasonal variations throughout the year. This is directly reflected in the general water supply, whether surface runoff, which remains low in the region, or groundwater, which is directly affected by prevailing climatic conditions. The fluctuation and lack of precipitation is reflected in the water inputs that feed the groundwater, given the excessive exploitation to which the water is exposed to meet the growing needs of the region. Given the relationship between surface runoff and the volume of water supplies mobilized, the frequency of droughts has a significant impact on the volume and supply of water mobilized by dams. At the basin level, a significant drop in the volume of inflows was recorded at the dam on Oued Za. The maximum recorded in 2004/2005 did not exceed 46 million m³. This article aims to highlight the impact of drought on the surface runoff system of Oued El Hay, to study the evolution of the volume of water from the dam on Oued Za based on data recorded between 1978/79 and 2020/21, and to monitor the volume of water mobilized using remote sensing techniques.
Meteorological drought assessment using SPI and RDI indices in the Ourika Basin, Morocco
Authors: Khrabcha Abdelali , Oumou Abdellah , Essahlaoui Ali , Essahlaoui Narjisse , Kassou Amina , Mouzoun Ouafae , Alitane Abdennabi , El Hafyani Mohammed , Iharzi Chaimae , Van Rompaey Anton
Published: January 2025

The Ourika basin is located on the northern edge of the Marrakech High Atlas, within a semi-arid to sub-humid climate. Its fragile natural environment is exposed to extreme and harsh climatic conditions, such as droughts and floods. The aim of our study is to evaluate and monitor meteorological and hydrological droughts in the Ourika basin during the experimental period from 1980 to 2019. The severity and duration of droughts are estimated using two drought indices: The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI). These indices were computed and analyzed using Drinc software. 8 meteorological drought sequences have been identified: 3 episodes were classified as severe droughts (1998-1999, 2004-2005, and 2016-2017), and 5 episodes were classified as moderate droughts, recorded during the years 1980-1981, 1982-1983, 1990-1991, 1994-1995, and 2006-2007. Analysis of hydro-rainfall data over the experimental study period (40 years) reveals disruptions accompanied by a decrease in rainfall and runoff. This indicates that the Ourika basin has generally experienced periods of moderate and severe meteorological and hydrological droughts, with a noticeable trend towards increasing drought conditions.
Gis tools and numeric model to forecast the floods extend along the Rhouireg river, city of Taza, Morocco
Authors: Layan Badr , Zemzami Mahmoud , Benaabidate Lahcen , Ben Abbou Mohamed
Published: January 2025

Combining GIS tool with physical-based model is one of the most effective ways to locate flood-prone zones. In this study, we used a 1D hydrodynamic model to predict the extent of future floods and eventually present the floodable areas on a satellite image covering a densely populated section of the Rhouireg river, located in the eastern part of Taza city. We fed the model with peak flows calculated using the Rational method, estimated variables using standard tables (Manning's coefficient), and other field-measured parameters. We calibrated the model with minor adjustments that were necessary to accurately match the observed floods. Our findings revealed that the covered canal was sufficient to evacuate water during 10- and 20-year floods. The 50- and 100-year floods overflowed the canal and affected National Road No. 6, posing a danger to road traffic. Like this section, the upstream part demonstrated that the decadal frequency flowed through the channel without overflowing its banks. The centennial flood inundated the riverbeds, spreading large amounts of water into inhabited areas and cultivated fields. These results align with the flood that occurred on January 14, 2010, and confirm our previous observations, indicating that the model precisely anticipated the river's behavior. The numeric simulations have also proven to be an incredibly powerful tool for conducting a detailed assessment of flood risks along this small wadi.
The role of GIS and remote sensing in tracking vegetation cover in the Tlagh and El-Abed Basins (Northeastern Morocco) from 1986 to 2018
Authors: Mouadili Omar , Sbai Abdelkader
Published: January 2025

The Tlagh and El-Abed basins in the Taourirt-Guercif corridor are known for their diverse plant cover, especially in species naturally present for generations, termed 'inherited species'. However, this diversity needs to be more evenly distributed. Vegetation degradation is concentrated in the piedmonts and reliefs of both basins, attributed to topography, lithology, soil type, and climate. These formations, categorized into various types, all exhibit severe degradation due to persistent drought. Plant cover has decreased over time due to species disappearance or emergence of new formations adapted to drought conditions. This underscores the urgency of our research. This article discusses plant cover distribution and diversity in the El Abed and Tlagh basins and the evolution of plant cover density from 1986 to 2018. Our study, using Landsat satellite images, calculates seven vegetation indicators (GNDVI, GRVI, IPVI, SR, DVI, OSAVI, SAVI), showcasing our research precision.
Seismotectonic and Geological Mapping around the High and Middle Atlas Junction: Integration of Satellite Imagery and Seismic Analysis in the Tizi N’Isly Basin, Morocco
Authors: Najim Abdelkarim , Timoulali Youssef , El Hilali Mohamed , Bouiflane Mustapha
Published: January 2025

The Tizi N’Isly basin, located between the Central High Atlas and Middle Atlas of Morocco, features a complex geological and seismic profile. This study aims to precisely identify areas of vulnerability, seismic zones, and regions exhibiting seismic amplification. The High Atlas is known for its seismic activity, with a notable earthquake of magnitude 6.8 occurring on September 8, 2023, at a depth of 10 km, attributed to an unidentified fault. This event, followed by significant aftershocks, represents the most substantial seismic activity in Morocco since the 1960 Agadir earthquake (magnitude 5.9). Our research combines geological mapping, lineament extraction from satellite imagery, and seismic analysis is to understand the surface and subsurface geology and tectonics. Processed satellite images enhance geological features, facilitating the identification of faults and fractures. Geostatistical analysis of meso-Cenozoic terrain fracturing reveals that lineaments predominantly align with NNE-SSW to NE-SW directions, with additional minor fracture directions. The seismic activity observed is closely linked to faults within this zone, highlighting regional weaknesses.
Geomatics applied to the evaluation of urban growth in the city of Meknes, Morocco
Authors: Rhazi Abelaziz , Essahlaoui Narjisse , Oumou Abdellah , Khrabcha Abdelali , Ijlil Safae , Alitane Abdennabi , El Hafyani Mohamed , Ammari Zakaria , Kassou Amina , Essahlaoui Ali , El Ouali Abdelhadi , Van Rompaey Anton
Published: January 2025

Like other countries, urbanization in Morocco continues to increase in an accelerated way and in all its regulatory forms via urban planning documents and irregular on sensitive and vulnerable sites lacking basic infrastructure and sometimes exposed to various risks. This is where geomatics comes in, as a valuable tool to observe urban expansion and analyze urban spaces. Geomatics, which combines mapping, remote sensing, geographic information systems (GIS) and geospatial information technologies, offers an integrated approach for the collection, analysis and visualization of spatial data. Thus, thanks to geomatics, decision-makers can better understand, manage the spatial and social dynamics of the city and make good decisions to reduce the exposure of vulnerable populations and infrastructures and achieve a resilient city and a balanced reorganization of the city's components and its sustainable development.
AI-assisted beach management: Leveraging geoportals for insights from M'diq collectivity
Authors: Lahlouh Ayoub , Ben Driss Nisserine
Published: January 2025

Effective beach management is vital for coastal sustainability. In M'diq, Morocco, a GIS-based geoportal has improved management with tools like interactive maps and real-time data. This study integrates an AI chatbot, leveraging OpenAI API, to enhance user interaction and data accessibility. The chatbot enables natural language queries, generates charts, provides safety tips, and shares data on nine beaches. Preliminary testing shows it simplifies GIS data for non-experts, supporting informed decision- making and sustainable management. Despite limited data, the chatbot shows promise for scalability and broader application. Future work will refine its features and expand testing.
Climate change impact on the energy performance of an air handling unit with two-stage heat recovery
Authors: Dimchev Ivan , Terziev Angel , Ivanov Martin , Vassilev Momchil
Published: January 2025

Climate change affects air handling units with two-stage recovery since these systems are used for heating, ventilation and air-conditioning. Their parameters are affected by changes in each of the seasons. The parameters analysed for each of the three climate zones (colder, average and warmer) are SCOP and annual COP of the entire AHU working in all available modes. Two factors - increase in global temperature and increase in CO2 concentration. Each of these factors has a different impact on seasonal coefficient of performance. The increase in global temperature leads to SCOP decrease by 2.3 to 3.7%. On the other hand, the increase of CO2 concentration in the outdoor air for the last 20 years by 50 ppm or 13.3% leads to an increase in SCOP by 5.5 to 6.9%. For the colder climate annual COP is increased by 2.4% due to climate change but for the other two climates (average and warmer) it is decreased with 1.7 and 3.4%. In the near future a large part of the existing air-conditioning and ventilations systems will not be able to maintain the same indoor air quality as now and this will lead to a deterioration in the quality people’s life.
Assessment of Replacing Gas Boilers with Heat Pumps for Hot Water Preparation in Car Washes
Authors: Talaba Ovidiu , Serban Alexandru , Hiris Paul Daniel , Balan Mugur Ciprian
Published: January 2025

The study provides a complex analysis for replacement of the natural gas boilers with air to water heat pumps, as the heat source for the hot water to be used in the car washing machines. It was considered heat pumps with R744 and with R290 as refrigerant, and it was proved that even heat pumps that seem to be undersized at negative temperatures, can still provide the required heat for 70 % of the full operating time. The feasibility was determined to be higher for the heat pumps with R290 and the payback period is lower than 2 years for the average car washing frequency of less than 5 cars washed / hour. The hot water storage tank can increase the period of continuous operation even at negative ambient temperature when the heat pump seems to be undersized.
Evaluation of High-Temperature Heat Pumps’ Potential to Replace Gas Boilers in Industrial Buildings
Authors: Talaba Ovidiu , Serban Alexandru , Hiris Paul Daniel , Balan Mugur Ciprian
Published: January 2025

The study proves that high-temperature heat pumps with CO2 of air to water type, in monobloc construction, can replace the gas boilers for heating and DHW, in an industrial building. The most efficient configuration is proposed with 3 heat pumps of 250 kW nominal thermal power is capable to provide 81 % of the annual thermal energy and 3 electric boilers of 720 kW total thermal power to produce the remaining 19 % of the annual thermal energy. The COP of the heat pumps decreases if the number of heat pumps increases. A single heat pump will achieve an annual COP of 2.66 without the PV system while in the proposed configuration with 3 heat pumps, the annual COP will be 2.37 without the PV system. The payback period for the configuration with 3 heat pumps is 3.10 years without the PV system and 3.26 years with the PV system.
Gel flow generated by air current in vicinity of porous surfaces
Authors: Mateescu Ciprian , Cristea Doru-Daniel , Tanase Nicoleta–Octavia , Balan Corneliu
Published: January 2025

Mechanical ventilation is a critical intervention for intubated patients suffering from respiratory complications, such as excess mucus accumulation in the trachea, which can obstruct airflow. In this study, we investigate the impact of a Fresubin-water emulsion (1g/50ml), simulating mucus, on airflow resistance in a square-profile tube representing a simplified tracheal segment. The hypothesis predicate that the emulsion will increase airflow resistance under mechanical ventilation, mimicking the obstructive effects of mucus in patients. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was employed to evaluate the airflow characteristics within the tube, focusing on velocity profiles and pressure drop. The results confirmed that the viscoelastic properties of the emulsion significantly altered airflow behavior, producing non-uniform velocity distributions and an elevated pressure gradient along the tube. These findings suggest that the emulsion effectively replicates the behavior of mucus in the trachea, offering valuable insights for improving mechanical ventilation strategies in patients with respiratory obstructions.
CFD simulation of water diffusion in fruit drying: Case of apricot hemispheres
Authors: Sempou Alkistis , Lentzou Diamanto , Athanasiou Athanasios , Boudouvis Andreas , Xanthopoulos Georgios
Published: January 2025

Food drying is a storage process during which the available water is removed. The present analysis conducted for three drying temperatures 45, 55 and 65 °C and the effective water diffusivity was estimated as 1.69×10-10, 2.91×10-10 and 6.67×10-10 m2/s. Comsol Multiphysics 4.3b was used to model the problem and simulate the process. The apricot hemispheres shrinkage was modelled as function of moisture content reduction. The results showed that water diffusivity, the mass transfer coefficient between the fruit surface and drying air and the activation energy of the process increase with drying temperature. The mass transfer coefficient, km, was estimated as 1.0×10-5, 9.98×10-5 and 0.85×10-2 m/s at 45, 55 and 65 °C. The estimated activation energy was 59.6, 59.9 and 60.8 kJ/mol at 45, 55 and 65 °C. The average relative error between experimental and computational moisture content was 0.47, 0.88 and 1.32% at 45, 55 and 65 °C. The Levenberg-Marquardt (L-M) and Sparse Non-Linear Optimizer (SNOPT) optimization algorithms were implemented.
CFD algorithm for moving boundary problems of isothermal drying and shrinkage: Case of prunes
Authors: Lentzou Diamanto , Templalexis Charalampos , Boudouvis Andreas G. , Karathanos Vaios , Xanthopoulos Georgios
Published: January 2025

A moving-boundary FEM model describing isothermal drying of fruit was employed as an inverse problem to estimate water diffusivity and peel resistance, including shrinkage. Water diffusivity and peel resistance were estimated using the Levenberg-Marquardt (L-M) optimisation algorithm based on the experimental drying data. The surface resistance is accounted as the sum of the peel and the diffusive boundary layer resistances, the latter being negligible compared to the former. The estimated peel resistance decreased by 86% as the drying temperature increased from 45 °C to 65 °C and by 44% as the drying temperature increases from 55 °C to 65 °C. The CFD optimisation model efficiently predicted the experimental water content and shrinkage.
CFD modeling of airflow distribution in high-rise warehouse
Authors: Terziev Angel , Zlateva Penka , Ivanov Martin , Dimchev Ivan , Vassilev Momchil
Published: January 2025

The presented study focuses on type “A+” high-rise warehouses, which are 38 meters high and are equipped with specialized indoor climate control systems, providing strictly defined narrow temperature limits all year round. The analyzed air conditioning system includes roof air conditioners operating in fresh air or partial and full recirculation mode. By using the Computational fluid mechanics (CFD) based simulations of the air distribution, it is established that the standard and normative methods for designing such types of systems are not precise enough, to achieve the required parameters of the indoor environment. Analysis of the results shows that stagnation zones often occur in high-rise warehouses, which cannot be eliminated only by “mechanical” rearrangement of air conditioning devices. Overcoming these problems requires the integration of additional impulse mixing devices, to provide better air distribution and improve mixing efficiency throughout the volume. Thus, it can be guaranteed that the parameters of the indoor environment are maintained within the specified range all year round.
Case study of smoke and heat control systems in high-rise buildings
Authors: Căruntu Alexandru-Sorin , Teodosiu Cătălin-Ioan
Published: January 2025

New European technical regulations impose the need for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling of smoke and heat control systems for buildings with a height greater than 60 m. Consequently, this study presents CFD simulations in this context, focusing on two essential constructive elements in ensuring a safe evacuation of users from high-rise buildings, interconnected with each other: the smoke enclosure and the stairwell. It is worthwhile to mention that the developed numerical model considered requirements of technical regulations in force and data from specialized literature, as well as non-conformities of some constructive elements with fire protection roles. The results show the importance of all constructive elements with active and passive protection roles in case of fire. These elements contribute to reducing the effects produced by fires, especially in the case of non-conformities of the smoke and heat control systems, respectively of the smoke barriers (smokeproof enclosure access and exit fire doors).
Antibiotic Susceptibility of Bacteria isolated from Estuarine Environment, Turtle Sanctuary and High-Density Industrial Zone in Davao City, Philippines
Authors: Aya-ay Adorico M. , San Juan Maria Eva C. , Badong Venchie C. , Baslot Maria Theresa C. , Duarte Rachel C. , Anonuevo Loreniel E. , Fernandez Valerie L.
Published: January 2025

The study determined the antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria in surface water from estuarine, sanctuary, and industrial zones in Davao City. Researchers examined the spatial distribution of heavy metals and contamination by enteric bacteria using selective media and the Kirby-Bauer Test. The Antibiotic Resistance Index (ARI) revealed that all sites were comparably contaminated with pathogenic bacteria. These findings provide baseline data for government guidelines on waste management and highlight the need for effective water treatment to combat antibiotic-resistant infections.
Impact of Climate Change on Individuals with Autism and the Role of Renewable Energy
Authors: Georgiou Ioanna , Xekalakis Georgios , Parlalis Stavros
Published: January 2025

This study explores the intersection of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), climate change, and renewable energy solutions. In the face of escalating global concerns such as climate change, understanding its broad-reaching impacts is more crucial than ever, particularly for vulnerable populations such as individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Individuals with autism often exhibit unique sensory sensitivities and a preference for rigid routines, which can be severely disrupted by the environmental impacts of climate change, such as extreme weather conditions. This study delves into how the environmental changes brought on by climate change affect those with autism, with a focus on sensory sensitivities and the disruption of daily routines. Additionally, the paper explores the potential of renewable energy solutions not only to address these environmental impacts but also to provide economic relief for affected families. The importance of this research lies in its potential to guide effective adaptations in homes and policies to better support individuals with ASD amid climate challenges. The primary objectives of this study are to assess the specific effects of climate change on individuals with ASD and to evaluate how transitioning to renewable energy can mitigate these effects, offering both environmental and economic benefits.
Digital twins for green roofs and facade inspection using drones and multi-modal foundation models
Authors: Krause Nils Soeren , Ploennigs Joern
Published: January 2025

Green roofs and facades are a nature-based way to improve the climate of buildings. However, they also add additional maintenance effort for keeping the plants healthy. We propose a novel automated digital twin approach to monitor the health of the plants using a combination of drones with Foundation Models to monitor and analyze the health of the plants. The process consists of three main components, a drone system for recording real-time data in an automated manner for different heights, a digital twin for storing and controlling the data, and a Multi-modal Foundation model (MMFM) for diagnosis of health issues and generating recommendations for solving the issues. This allows us to automatically identify and mitigate health issues of the plants and improve the maintenance of the miniature ecosystems of green roofs and facades to address climate change risk and the shortage of skilled workers.
Eco-Innovation and Responsibility: The Paris Olympics 2024 and its Impact on City Urbanism
Authors: Šmiralová Monika
Published: January 2025

Paris, host of the 2024 Olympic Games, aims to increase environmental responsibility alongside the integration of sport into urban life. This article analyses the Paris Olympics as a platform for ecoinnovation and reducing the ecological footprint. The construction and renovation is carried out with regard to bioclimatic design principles, the construction of green transport, the use of geothermal energy, measures for the protection and enhancement of the city’s ecosystem etc. This paper will analyse the climate change measures in the metropolis of Paris, which are reinforced by the organisation of the 2024 Summer Olympic Games. At the same time, the findings will be compared with current climate change measures in Slovakia, in particular in the Slovak capital Bratislava.
3D technology applied to preserve cultural heritage: Historical monument Castelul Fermecat
Authors: Oprea Roxana-Laura , Badea Ana Cornelia
Published: January 2025

New research strategies for the conservation and 3D reconstruction of cultural heritage allow the implementation of virtual web navigation systems that are useful for their virtual realization. In this paper is presented an optimized workflow for 3D modeling and scanning of the historical monument Castelul Fermecat located in the Nicolae Romanescu National Park in Craiova, Dolj County, Romania. 3D scanning was performed both inside and outside the building, topographic measurements were made for integration in the National Stereographic Projection System 1970 and in the final part all the obtained data were combined resulting in a complex 3D representation of the building. 3D scanning of the Castelul Fermecat was carried out with a view to its inventory by the Craiova City Hall - Heritage Department and its promotion by the owner for tourism and commercial purposes. Castelul Fermecat, together with the Nicolae Romanescu National Park and other objectives in it, is on the list of historical monuments with identification code DJ-II-a-A-07924.
Mitigating the impact of urban densification on citizens. A comprehensive approach for sustainable urban development
Authors: Rotaru George , Constantin Ion Alexandru , Luca Oana
Published: January 2025

Urban densification, driven by population growth and the demand for efficient land use, is an inevitable trend in contemporary cities. While densification offers significant advantages, such as minimizing urban sprawl and enhancing access to infrastructure, it also brings forth challenges that impact the quality of life, environmental health, and social cohesion. This paper presents a strategic framework for mitigating the adverse effects of urban densification, focusing on key areas such as mixed-use zones, green infrastructure, public spaces, public transport, and affordable housing. The strategies discussed are contextualized through the case of Bucharest, Romania’s capital, offering practical solutions to ensure balanced, sustainable urban development.
Population structure of Clinostomum complanatum (Trematoda: Digenea) with new data on haplotype diversity of flukes from Slovakia and Italy
Authors: Juhásová Ľudmila , Bazsalovicsová Eva Čisovská , Caffara Monica , Radačovská Alžbeta , Gustinelli Andrea , Dinisová Lucia , Syrota Yaroslav , Králová-Hromadová Ivica
Published: January 2025

The fluke Clinostomum complanatum, a parasite of piscivorous birds, but also reptiles and rarely mammals, has established several foci in the western Palaearctic regions. Previous studies pointed out the complicated taxonomy of the genus, but broader population genetic analysis of C. complanatum has not yet been carried out. The aim of this study was to determine the structure, intraspecific variability, and diversity of mitochondrial cox1 haplotypes of C. complanatum from different localities in Slovakia (Danube floodplain forests) and Italy (Emilia-Romagna and Tuscany), as well as to evaluate the interrelationships among populations from Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa. The genetic structure of C. complanatum from Slovakia and Italy was represented by a great number of haplotypes, showing stable populations with high intraspecific diversity. The haplotypes of samples from other localities (Romania, Turkey, Egypt, and Iran) showed possible gene flow among the populations from Central Europe down to the Mediterranean region, North Africa, and the Middle East. The genetic homogeneity of these samples can be linked to the distribution and migratory routes of the definitive hosts, aquatic piscivorous birds, mainly herons and cormorants, that spread parasite eggs among the continents.