bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization on Highway Tunnel Structure
Authors: Shen Wen Sheng
Published: March 2013

For the tunnel section in symmetric structure, it can be analyzed only with half of the tunnel structure. Take the left side of the tunnel which is made up of five arcs tangent with adjacent ones. The method of intelligent direct back analysis based on evolution search is drawing more and more attention. Artificial intelligence imitates the jungle law in the process of organic evolution. It puts the concept of duplication, hybridization, variation etc. in the process of calculation, through the construction of the primitive collection of solution and further operation, tries to reach the optimal best solution. This method shows great power in dealing with the complex relations of identification, expression and disposal.
Up-Conversion Mechanisms and Application of Rare Earth-Doped ZnO
Authors: Wu Xiao Li , Yuan Yu Zhen , Liu Han Fa , Liu Yun Yan
Published: March 2013

Zinc oxide (ZnO) the film is a new type of transparent conductive oxides (TCO) material; it has a green environmental application prospect and hopeful to be substitution of indium tin oxide, so it has been the research focus of TCO materials. The rare earth ion like Yb3+, and Ho3+, Er3+shall be applied to satisfy the up-conversion function, and rare earth elements doped ZnO transparent conductive films will prepared. The play is to study the mechanism of up-conversion and energy transitions that the rare earth ions in the ZnO transparent conductive film. Through the theoretical analysis with the performance of the zinc oxide thin films explore optimization scheme, and aim to prepare out doped-ZnO and transparent conductive film that have both excellent photoelectric performance and up-conversion function. This new type of ZnO transparent conductive film with up-conversion function, it will have important theoretical significance in production of green environment materials and good application prospect in the field of sole cells, photoelectric detection luminescent device and so on.
Discussion and Analysis on Thermal Decomposition Laws of Oxysalt
Authors: Ding Yan
Published: March 2013

Many salts will have decomposition reaction after being heated. The type of decomposition product and difficulty of decomposition reaction differ greatly due to the difference of salt types. To deeply understand the essence of thermal decomposition of salt, master thermal decomposition laws and use these laws to explain the reaction result and accomplish some inorganic synthetic reactions, it is necessary to make a systematic discussion and analysis on thermal decomposition.
Study on Intelligent Reconfigurable Automobile Manufacturing System Model
Authors: Wang Jian Bin , He Wei
Published: March 2013

An intelligent reconfigurability model based on multi-agent theory was proposed in this paper to improve feasibility of automotive manufacturing system. Each production management department in automobile manufacturing enterprises was designed as an independent agent. The practicability and rationality of the manufacturing system model was simulated as communication and interactive between different agents in this multi-agent system through JAFMAS. The application of multi-agent model in the design of automobile manufacturing system can promote the reconfigurability and intelligent level of the system.
Framework and Key Enabling Technologies for Social Manufacturing
Authors: Leng Jie Wu , Jiang Ping Yu , Zhang Fu Qiang , Cao Wei
Published: March 2013

The role of manufacturing has changed from a producer of products and services to one that integrates the whole industry value chain. In this situation, this paper proposed a new-type networked manufacturing mode which is called outsourcing-driven social manufacturing (od-SM) to solve complex manufacturing problems and perform large-scale collaborative manufacturing. First, the framework of od-SM is proposed. Then, some key enabling technologies such as modeling and community structure of outsourcing-driven social manufacturing network (od-SMN) and generation of outsourcing-driven transient machining system (od-TMS) are talked about in detail. Finally, the conclusions and future work are put forward.
Printed Electronics Based on Precision Coating
Authors: Xu Shu Bo , Xu Wen Cai
Published: March 2013

The situation and development of the current main coating technology is analyzed at the view of the application of printed electronics at home and abroad. Spin coating, micro-gravure coating and slot die coating are the main coating technologies in the field of printed electronics.Along with the application of digital controlling technology and the progress of coating technology, precision coating technology will be more widely applied in printed electronics field and it also can promote the development of the printed electronics industry.
Qualitative Analysis of a Competitive Lotka-Volterra System with Stage Structure in Mechanics Engineering
Authors: Zhu Huan Tao , Wang Hong Shi
Published: March 2013

In this paper, a stage structured model with delay that competition occurs between the two adults of species is studied. The permanence and the stability of the nonnegative equilibrium are analyzed. Some sufficient conditions which guarantee the permanence of the system and the stability of the boundary and positive equilibrium are obtained respectively.
Reflection Property of the Two-Dimensional High Impedance Surface
Authors: Wang Su Ling , Yang Xiao Bang , Liu Ya Ning
Published: March 2013

One of the properties of high impedance surface is that the phase of the reflection wave by the surface is zero.A high impedance surface was used as antenna reflecting surface. A dipole antenna was designed as radiation source. Simulation demonstrated that when the patches number of surface changed the radiation pattern changed and the gain varied also. The distance between antenna and the reflection face varied the radiation pattern also changed. Controlling the number of cells or distance between antennas from reflection plane the gain of antenna can be improved.
New Portable Chain Safety Protection Device
Authors: Song Guo Cui , Zheng Xin
Published: March 2013

To avoid the beginners have suffered personal injury which operate the printing machines. This paper designs a new kind of portable chain safety protection device .It is a hand-held wireless secure remote control device which can make the printing machine stopping quickly within 200 meters when accidents happen. It not only can ensure the good quality of printing products, but also eliminate or reduce the influence on the personal injury and device safety. This type of device can also be applied to safety protection of different types of printing machine and other mechanical equipment. It has a vital and practical significance.
Physical Principle of New Style Display
Authors: Cao Yao Zu , Li Fu Yun
Published: March 2013

This document introduce about the physical principles of liquid crystal display (LCD) and plasma display (PDP), discuss the physical imaging principle of the new style display. The LCD works with lower voltage and power, and lower calories radiation, no nuclear radiation, complete flat surface, restore the picture by the square, a strong ability to anti-interference, appearance stability and not gleam. Its researched here in the aspects of the basic principle about display. In addition, While add a little amount gas of Xe in the Ne, the atom of and atom of Xe will collide frequently, and cause the Xe ionized, then release the ultraviolet ray. this ultraviolet ray excite visible light from the fluorescence powder, thus realize the picture rebuild. Choose different fluorescence powder material, we can carry out three primary color rebuild.
Even and Odd Carbon Predominance Coexisting N-Alkanes in Paleogene Dark Shale in Jinhu Sag of Subei Basin
Authors: Song Ning , Li Mei Jun , Zhang Jin Chuan
Published: March 2013

Gas chromatograms of saturated hydrocarbons of shale rock extracts show three patterns of n-alkanets in the second member of Funning formation (E1f2) in Jinhu Sag of Subei basin, eastern China. Three patterns of n-alkanets are the odd-to-even carbon predominance, the even-to-odd carbon predominance, and the even and odd carbon predominance coexisting, respectively. In this paper, the characteristics of n-alkanet coexisting even and odd carbon predominance and its origin and sedimentary environment are investigated only. The short-chain n-alkanets and long-chain n-alkanets are characterized by pronounced odd carbon predominance, with the dominant carbon of nC15, nC17 and of nC25, nC27, nC29 and nC31. The mid-chain n-alkanets are dominated by even carbon predominance, with the dominant carbon of nC20 and nC22. The composition of biomarkers are characterized by phytane preference, high gamma cerate abundance, the presence of β-carotene and C24-tetracyclic terrapin, which indicate that the organic matter in source rocks deposited in an anoxic, hyper saline lacus trine environment. The biomarkers are no homogeneous, which shows that salinity and redo is not constant in pale-lacus trine. The n-alkanets are mainly derived from algae in the ancient lake and macro pyres on land or around the edges of the ancient lake. The n-alkanets distribution patterns of the dark shales studied are believed not to be dependent on the redo in the depositional environments or the salinity of the water body, but to be associated with original organic matter composition.
Anti-Counterfeiting Ability Analysis of Color Koch Curve in Package Printing
Authors: Zhang Li Jun , Chen Li
Published: March 2013

Currently, there are some illegal businessmen in society who usually use the methods of copying picture of goods package to fake famous goods, and cheat customers to get illegal profits. Traditional package pictures are often designed with simple graphics which are easy to be copied by other people. Because of the complexity of the color variation and graphics structure, the package pictures designed with fractal graphics are very difficult to be copied by simple methods and low-end scanners. Therefore, fractal graphics can be used for anti-counterfeiting in package printing field, and preventing the legal goods from being counterfeited. In this paper, a color koch curve is designed, and the concept of anti-counterfeiting space and corresponding calculation methods based on fractal graphics are proposed, which is used to analysis the anti-counterfeiting abilities of color koch curve. Good results are got from the experiments.
Study on Bionic Design Based on Aesthetical Form of DNA Curve
Authors: Chen Xiao Yan , Qi Wen Hua
Published: March 2013

This paper illustrates that the DNA gene structure is conformed to the rule of form beauty firstly, and then adopted in bionic design the structure into the bionic design. And discusses the relation between the biological form and modern bionic design, analyzes the association between the curve structure and modern design, and expects there is an effective way of combination between microcosmic structure and bionic design.
Comparision of the Preparation Methods of Mesoporous Phosphate Compounds Belonging to NZP Family
Authors: Zheng Peng , Zhu Lin Hua , Si Tian , Sun Yan Lin
Published: March 2013

Using polyethylene oxide (PEO) as template, the new types of mesoporous phosphate compound which belongs to NaZr2(PO4)3(NZP) family were synthesized by copreciptate, sol-gel and mechanochemical activation(MA) route respectively. The physical phase and pore structure of the synthesized powder materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and N2 adsorption–desorption. The results showed that the crystalline NZP family compound with mesoporous structure is formed by sol-gel route followed with calcination as well as MA method followed with hydrothermal treatment when the mole ratio of PEO to Zr is 1:10, and the specific surface area, average pore diameter and pore volume of the synthesized powder is 20-50m2/g, 3-6.nm and 0.05-0.12cm3/g respectively. The above research results indicate that it is promising to expand the application field of the powder of NZP family from low thermal expansion ceramics to catalytic materials.
Research on Chamfer Software of Complex Parts
Authors: Yong Shi , Liu Wen Tao
Published: March 2013

In order to meet the needs of enterprises for chamfering complex parts, based on the customization of commercial CAD/CAM software, chamfer programming software is developed. According to user’s machining demands for a part, a chain of edges of a part is extracted from its 3D model. With preprocessing of the chain of edges, the continuity of the chain is estimated, and the start and end point of those edges are automatic obtained. Furthermore, with human-machine dialogue, machining parameters is set by users. By definition of the primary and secondary surfaces of the chain of edges, and interpolation of the edges, the positions of cutter location point and postures of cutter are calculated. Finally the interference of tool path is checked, and tool path is simulated. The software solves the programming problem of chamfering complex parts.
Thin Cloud Removal Approach for Yellow River Remote Sensing Monitoring
Authors: Chen Lin , Zhou Yi Fu , Ma Hao Lu
Published: March 2013

Cloud is one of the most common noises of remote sensing monitoring in Yellow River. It is one of the important tasks to remove or weaken the effect of thin cloud. Based on the imaging model and characteristics of thin cloud, some technologic methods to remove cloudy are introduced, such as the method of filtering in space domain, the method of filtering in frequency domain and the method of band ratio. This paper analyzed the characteristics, application method and work flow of those methods, and evaluated the application effect of remote sensing monitoring using these methods in Yellow River. Thin cloud removal method improves the using-efficiency of remote sensing data, and ensures the reliability of remote sensing results.
Catalytic Synthesis of N-Butyl Methacrylate with H4SiW6Mo6O40/SiO2
Authors: Yu Li , Huang Yong Kui , Duan Guo Bin , Yang Shui Jin
Published: March 2013

A novel environmental friendly catalyst, H4SiW6Mo6O40/SiO2was synthesized by a sol-gel technique, and characterized by FT-IR and XRD. Catalytic application of the catalyst for synthesis of n-butyl methacrylate was investigated. The variation of different reaction parameters were studied by orthogonal design. Under optimized conditions, that is, molar ratio of methacrylic acid to n-butanol is 1:1.7, catalyst dosage is 0.75 %, volume of cyclohexane is 12 mL and the reaction time is 2.5 h, the yield of n-butyl methacrylate reaches 85.3%. The results reveal that the H4SiW6Mo6O40/SiO2O2 catalysis is an execellent catalyst for synthesis of n-butyl methacrylate. Introduction
An Efficient Pre-Processing Algorithm for Removing Uniform Noise Based on Cluster Method
Authors: Zhang Xiao Guo , Zhu Zhu , Shuai Li Guo , Wang Qing
Published: March 2013

An efficient pre-processing algorithm for removing uniform noise is proposed. Local image statistic information and human visual perception are used to classify the pixels in the filter window. According to the elements number of each cluster, all pixels are divided to noise-free clusters or fuzzy clusters. Through cluster method, almost all noise pixels are identified and then restored. Finally, we choose some commonly used filters to test our algorithm. The experimental results tell that our approach can enhance those filters’ capability of suppressing impulse noise effectively. Due to the proposed algorithm can decrease the noise density effectually and keep image details, it can be introduced into many existing uniform noise filtering techniques.
Research on the Intelligent Manufacturing System for Lumber Cutting
Authors: Liu Ying , Zhu Yan Tao , Xia Feng Ming , Xu Zhao Jun
Published: March 2013

To enhance the rate of lumber cutting output and save the production cost, a new intelligent manufacture system is developed. Considering the requirements of wood surface defects detection and optimal layout, the overall structure is established. The system has six function modules, there are cutting task module, laser scanning images processing module, defects identify module, optimal layout module, machining plan module and data manage module. According to laser scanning, images processing and defects identify programs help manufacturer to get profile data, acquire profile image, extract features, and identify lumber defects. Optimal layout module gives an intelligent program to decide the maximum number of cutting board pieces and shows operator the visualized layout. Two examples are shown which apply algorithms to obtain the optimal layouts for lumber cutting. The intelligent manufacturing system helps people detect lumber defects, make the optimal machining plan and cutting material online quickly.
Investigation on Temperature-Sensitive Poly (N-Vinylcaprolactam) Modified Calcium Alginate Microspheres
Authors: Wang Wen Chao , Ma Xiao Mei , Xu Wei Huan , Li Yin Yin , Ji Quan , Xia Yan Zhi
Published: March 2013

Temperature-sensitive calcium alginate-based microspheres were prepared in two steps. Firstly, free-radical polymerization of temperature-sensitive N-vinylcaprolactam monomer was performed in aqueous solution of sodium alginate, yielding a mixed aqueous solution bearing temperature-sensitivity composed of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam), sodium alginate-graft- poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) and sodium alginate. Then temperature-sensitive composite microspheres were prepared by inverse emulsification-crosslinking using the as-prepared solution as water phase, n-hexane as oil phase, Span-85 and Tween-85 as emulsifiers and calcium chloride as crosslinker respectively. The morphology and temperature-sensitivity of the composite microspheres were investigated by scanning electron microscope and turbidity method respectively. The controlled release behavior of the microspheres towards temperature was investigated preliminarily using berberine as a model drug.
Photocatalytic Oxidation of Arsenic(III) by Hydrothermal Synthesized TiO2 Loaded on Activated Carbon Fiber
Authors: Xie Ying Hao , Pan Zhan Chang , Wei Zhi Gang , Feng Wei Lin , Zuo Jun Hui , Hu Guang Hui , Xiao Chu Min
Published: March 2013

In this paper, nano TiO2 loaded on activated carbon fiber(ACF) was prepared by hydrothermal method as TiO2/ACF photocatalytic.The material crystal structure, the superficial appearance of catalyst, were analyzed and measured by XRD and SEM images.Moreover, it used for photocatalytic oxidation As(Ⅲ).The effect of pH on the oxidation of As(Ⅲ) was studied. The oxidation of As(Ⅲ) efficiency increasing markedly with pH, and the catalytic efficiency is much higher in the alkaline environment than in the acidic environment.
Recent Progress in High-Entropy Alloys
Authors: Zhang Li Sheng , Ma Guo Liang , Fu Li Chao , Tian Jing Yi
Published: March 2013

Since the 1990s the novel materials named HEAs concepts come into being, it was concerned by researchers because of its superior performance. This paper describes the concept and formation criteria of the HEAs, at the same time, summaries detail the methods of preparation and new achievements.
Preheating Effects on Bi2S3 Morphology Synthesized via Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Chen Xi Liang , Yan Kai , Chu Hong Ying
Published: March 2013

Bi2S3nanorod, nanobelt and flowerlike patterns were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal approach without using any surfactant and acid. The morphology, structure, phase composition, and photoluminescence properties of the as-prepared Bi2S3products were characterized using various techniques (scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and photoluminescence spectroscopy). The experimental results showed that the preheating process had a great effort on the morphology of the product.
Full Dense SiCN Ceramics Derived from Polysilazane
Authors: Li Yan , Yu Yu Xi , San Hai Sheng , Chen Yong , Guo De Qian , Wu Xiao Yun
Published: March 2013

Full dense silicon carbonitride (SiCN) ceramics have been prepared successfully by thermally induced ceramisation of polysilazane precursor at 1000°C, and subsequently annealing at 1200°C. The density and the hardness of the obtained ceramics were about 2.61g/cm3and 13GPa at the pyrolysis temperature of 1000°C, respectively. The density and hardness have a slight change with the increasing annealing temperature. This meas that the ceramics pyrolyzed at 1000°C were stable.
Preparation and Characterization of MoS2 Microsphere by Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Cui Ya Ru , He Jiang Shan , Li Xiao Ming , Zhao Jun Xue , Chen Ao Li , Yang Jun
Published: March 2013

In this work, MoS2 microsphere was synthesized by hydrothermal reaction, in which thiourea (CS(NH2)2) was used as S-source and reducing agent, ammonium heptamolybdate ((NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O) was used as Mo-source. The influence of temperature, as well as different dispersing agents, on the reaction product’s morphology, structure and phase composition was discussed. X-ray diffraction results show that all the as-synthesized products are the hexagonal 2H-MoS2 without impurity. SEM images of the as-prepared MoS2 samples without adding any dispersing agent present spherical morphology with sheet-like structures shaped on the surface. A possible formation mechanism of the MoS2 microsphere is that of self-assembly growth process; In addition, for the samples adding surfactant CTAB, SDBS or PVP in the reactants, the MoS2 is confined to layered structure. Compared with SDBS and PVP, CTAB has the best dispersion effect which ensure the as-synthesized microsphere with about 300nm average diameter, and the influence mechanism of which can be deduced as electrostatic interaction and stereo-hindrance effect.
Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Float Glass
Authors: Li Lei , Liu Jian Hua , Ji Yao Feng
Published: March 2013

In order to study dynamic mechanical properties of float glass under blast and ballistic/fragmentation impacts, the curves of stress- strain are obtained in higher ranges by using the modified Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) techniques. Experimental results indicate that float glass is nonlinear elastic-brittle materials, and its dynamic curves of stress-strain are nonlinear and can be divided into three stages: elastic, nonlinear strengthening and stress drop. The dynamic Young’s modulus and the dynamic compressive strength of float glass increase with the increasing of strain rate. Finally, an explanation was given according to principle of energy equilibrium of Griffith.
Explorative Study and Prediction of Overtempering Region of Disc Heated by Induction Process Using 2D Axisymmetric Model and Experimental Tests
Authors: Barka Noureddine , El Ouafi Abderrazak , Bocher Philippe , Brousseau Jean , Chebak Ahmed
Published: March 2013

Thanks to many industrial benefits that it exhibits, induction heating process is very promising for its potential application in manufacturing production. To understand the industrial context, it is necessary to investigate the process by focusing on simulation and experimental aspects. In fact, this paper presents an original approach able to predict the overtempering zone with analyzing the temperature curves resulting from simulationand the hardness profile achieved by experimental validation. The proposed approach combines experimental validation and numerical simulation applied to 4340 steel disc in order to investigate the overtempering phenomenonand develop a very simplified and practical model able to predict the hardness curve with a fairly good accuracy. The developed model is validated by experimental tests and is used to evaluate the effect of machine parameters on the overtempering.
Design, Development and Qualification of High Performance Load Sharing Composite Pressure Vessel for Aircraft Application
Authors: Yu Bin , Zhou Yang , Liu Zhi Dong , Jin Qin Chen , Zhao Wei Wei , Cheng Bin , Chen Wei , Shen Jian
Published: March 2013

Load sharing metal lined composite pressure vessel(COPV) enables significant safety and reliability over those vessels with non-load-sharing metallic or non-metallic liners, The key technical challenge in developing these vessels will be to calculate the optimized liner thickness and liner elastic strain. This paper presents techniques developed at Lanzhou Institute of Physics(LIP) for the design of elastically operating metal liner COPV in terms of NET theory which modified by LIP. Five metal materials are discussed and analytical techniques for determining liner thickness are presented, selection of materials for maximizing performance and minimizing weight is discussed. L490A-COPV development is introduced, performance factor is improved from 23 Km to 29.5Km.
Study on Synthesis Technology and Recipe Optimization of Core (PBA) - Shell (PMMA) Latex Particles
Authors: Liu Yan Ping , Liu Xi Jun , Lou Chun Hua
Published: March 2013

In this paper, a novel grafting poly(butyl methacry1ate)-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PBA/PMMA) latex particles with core-shell structure was successfully synthesized by the method of pre-emulsion semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization. PMMA shell layer was cross-linked structure, and it was almost grafted onto PBA core due to the presence of the grafting agent ALMA. The influences of the amount of emulsifier and initiator, and reaction time on PBA core emulsion properties were investigated by analyzing BA conversion and PBA core particles size distribution. The influence of the amount of grafting agent on the polymerization system was also discussed by determining BA conversion and the gel content of PBA core emulsion. PBA/PMMA latex particles were characterized by laser particle size analyzer, transition electron microscopy (TEM).
Laccase-Catalyzed Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles with Gallic Acid
Authors: Sun Sha Sha , Tang Ren Cheng
Published: March 2013

Laccase from Rhus vernicifera was applied to catalyze the polymerization of gallic acid (GA) as a way of “in situ” dyeing and finishing for wool, silk, nylon, cotton and viscose fabrics. The laccase-catalyzed polymerization of GA was confirmed by the results of UV-vis spectroscopy and differential thermal analysis. The adsorption of the GA oxidation product on the fibers contributed to the color effect and functional performance of treated fabrics. The dyed fabrics exhibited gray colors with pale to medium shades, depending on fiber categories. All the dyed fabrics showed significantly enhanced UV protection performance and antioxidant activity, and the dyed wool and silk had obviously improved deodorizing ability. These improved functional properties were related to the increased quantity of aromatic rings, phenolic hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups in the GA oxidation product adsorbed by fibers.
The Development of Annealing Time for Super Fine Grain and High Strength IF Steel
Authors: Zhang Hong Mei , Qiao Li Feng
Published: March 2013

The hot rolling, cold rolling and simulative continuous annealing experiments were carried out in the laboratory on the base of new type SFG HSS (super fine grain, high strength steel sheet). The results show that the microstructure which contains a number of cake shaped grain can be refined and homogenized by the feasible annealing holding time. Contrast to the conventional steel, the SFG steel have the characters of super fine grain, high tensile strength, low yield strength/tensile strength rate, good elongation and high r-value high（the plastic strain ratio）．
Solidification Behavior of Rapidly Quenched LaFe13-xSix Alloys
Authors: Dong Zhong Qi , Li Jun Suo , Han Ti Wen , Chen Jin
Published: March 2013

Solidification behavior of LaFe13-xSixalloys was investigated using rapidly quenching and. Phase formation and structure in rapidly quenched LaFe13-xSixalloys has been investigated by means of power X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results have shown that 1:13 phase is a peritectic phase. The solidification behavior of LaFe13-xSix alloys depend on x, cooling rate. Under small undercooling, the 1:13 phase is difficult to formed with x=0.5 to 3.0. The α-(Fe,Si) phase and the 1:2:2 phase is mainly phase in the microstructure of alloy with low and high Si contents, respectively. Under higher cooling rate, the microstructure of compositions with x≥1.5 occurs the 1:13 phase. The α-(Fe,Si) phase and the 1:13 phase is mainly phase in the microstructure of alloy with low and high Si contents, respectively. The microstructure of compositions with x=2.5 to 3.0 are mainly phase which is primary phase. The results were discussed with respect to the effect of cooling rate.
Investigation on Factors Influencing Workability of Recycled Aggregates Concrete
Authors: Chen Chang Ping , He Fu Qiang , Hong Li , Zhou Xian Qi
Published: March 2013

In order to investigate factors influencing workability of recycled aggregates (RA) concrete, such as water amount, sand ratio and RA replacement percentage, 10 pitch of RA concrete was prepared for measurement of workability and a formula was used for calculating effect of water amount on slump of RA concrete. Experimental results and formula induction indicated that there are logarithmic relationship between flowability of fresh concrete and water amount and ratio of aggregates to cement . The flowability will logarithmically increase with increase of water amount and decrease of aggregates cement ratio. The optimum sand ratio for RA concrete can be determined by measurement of slump. Slump decreases with RA replacement percentage and there is a very good linear relationship between them. When water amount increases, slump increases and when replacement percentage of RA increases, slump decrease. Under different water amount, effect degrees of replacement percentage of RA on slump are very similar and under different replacement percentage of RA, effect degrees of water amount on slump are also very similar.
Performance of Cement Bonded Particleboards Made from Grapevine
Authors: Wang Chuan Gui , Zhang Shuan Gyan , Wu Heng
Published: March 2013

Cement bonded particleboards were manufactured form grapevine stalk particles. The physical and mechanical properties of the boards were assessed. Results revealed that the mixture of grapevine-cement for either treatment of particles, was graded as “low inhibition” when CaCl2 was incorporated, as determined by the hydration tests. Three factors namely grapevine-cement ratio, water-cement ratio and particle size were applied in this study for the board manufacturing. Increase in grapevine-cement ratio caused decrease in Modulus of rupture (MOR), Modulus of elasticity (MOE), Internal bond (IB), thermal conductivity and increase in Thickness swelling (TS). Increase in water-cement ratio caused decrease in MOR, MOE, IB, TS and thermal conductivity. The particle size resulted in little change in all, but TS. The MOR, MOE, IB of the boards were significantly affected by grapevine-cement and water-cement ratios except for TS. Only the effect of particle size on thermal conductivity is significant at 0.05 level significance.
Research on the Dynamic Characteristics of Pressure Compensation Valve in Load Sensing Multi-Way Valve
Authors: Luo Yan Lei , Peng Xiu Ying , Zeng Chao
Published: March 2013

Taking pressure compensation valve in load sensing multi-way valve as research object, based on the dynamic mathematical model, the dynamic characteristics and the law that the structure parameters affected the characteristics were analyzed. The research methods and results provide analytical tools and design documentation for the structure design and the theoretical study on the outlet pressure compensation multi-way valve.
The Synthesis, Optical Properties and Whiteness Assessment of Twelve/Fourteen Quaternary Ammonium DSD Acid-Triazine Derivatives as Fluorescent Brighteners
Authors: Wan Mao Sheng , Xu Ming , Cao Cheng Bo , Han Zhe
Published: March 2013

N,N-dimethyl twelve/fourteen quaternary ammonium DSD acid-1,3,5-triazine derivatives containing three-component were prepared through three-step condensation reaction using inexpensive twelve/fourteen tertiary amines as raw materials. The obtained products were confirmed by UV and IR spectrum. The maximum UV absorptions of 5a-i were in the range of 250-350 nm. The absorption peaks of cis- and trans- isomers were in 272-274 nm and 326-328 nm, respectively. The maximum fluorescence emission peaks of the products located in the range of 428-430 nm. The physical properties of the products were performed by whiteness measurement. The results show that the nine products have obvious effect on the filter paper whiteness. In particular, the product 5e have the best effect on the filter paper whiteness at a concentration of 1.6 (o.w.f %), which the value of whiteness is 96.78.
Solid Rocket Motor Nozzle Flexible Joint Design and Fabrication
Authors: Zhang Xiao Guang , Liu Yu , Ren Jun Xue , Yang Jing Xian
Published: March 2013

Design and fabrication of a tactical motor nozzle flexible joint were accomplished in this paper. The miniature flexible joint configuration characteristics were analyzed. The silicone rubber was selected as the elastomer ring material based on the mechanical properties test. Individual reinforcement and elastomer rings were assembled to form the flexible joint by transfer molding. Test results indicate that the flexible joint meet the performance requirements.
The Research and Analysis of the Body Structure Based on the Experiment of Bending Stiffness
Authors: Peng Sheng Hui , Liu Qing Zhang
Published: March 2013

According to the mechanical characteristics of the body structure, the experimental model and the bending test of the body is constructed to understand the static characteristics of the body structure, laying the foundation for the sensitivity analysis and the modification of structural dynamics .
Materials and Engineering Design for Human Performance and Protection in Extreme Hot Conditions
Authors: Troynikov Olga , Nawaz Nazia , Yermakova Irena
Published: March 2013

The level of protective material performance attributes are well defined and highly regulated, however the attributes related to the thermo physiological comfort of materials are not. In this chapter, the application of new materials to firefighting protective clothing systems used in extreme heat is addressed, with a focus on thermo physiological comfort. The new generation of protective textile materials and their structures are evaluated through use of both objective laboratory testing and mathematical modeling methods. In addition, 3D body imaging technology is utilized to demonstrate a method of assessing the fit of protective garments and its potential impact on the thermal status of the wearer. The proposed engineering approach could be used in other areas where the balance between clothing performance and wear comfort is critical, e.g. sport, work wear etc.
Fullerene Based Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications: Engineering, Functionalization and Characterization
Authors: Matija Lidija , Tsenkova Roumiana , Munćan Jelena , Miyazaki Mari , Banba Kyoko , Tomić Marija , Jeftić Branislava
Published: March 2013

Since their discovery in 1985, fullerenes have attracted considerable attention. Their unique carbon cage structure provides numerous opportunities for functionalization, giving this nanomaterial great potential for applications in the field of medicine. Analysis of the chemical, physical, and biological properties of fullerenes and their derivatives showed promising results. In this study, functionalized fullerene based nanomaterials were characterized using near infrared spectroscopy, and a novel method - Aquaphotomics. These nanomaterials were then used for engineering a new skin cream formula for their application in cosmetics and medicine. In this paper, results of nanocream effects on the skin (using near infrared spectroscopy and aquaphotomics), and existing results of biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of fullerene base nanomaterials, are presented.
New α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Polysaccharides Isolated from Marine Green Algae Enteromorpha Linza
Authors: Zhang Li Xin , Zhang Ning , Li Jinhua , Wang Zhonghua
Published: March 2013

The crude polysaccharides were extracted by hot water from marine green algae Enteromorpha linza. After that, five polysaccharides were obtained through Q-Sepharose Fast Flow chromatography. Their structures and monosaccharide compositions were analyzed by FTIR and GC-MS. Mannose was the abundant monosaccharide in both ELP-3 and ELP-4. ELP-3 consisted of mannose, L(-)-fucose, D-glucose, D-galactose, D-arabinose and D-xylose in a molar ratio of 1.00:0.66:0.46:0.41:0.27:0.19. In α-glucosidase inhibition assay, the polysaccharides showed significant inhibitory activities. ELP-3 (IC50=0.36 mg/mL) exhibited much stronger inhibitory effect against α-glucosidase, compared with Acarbose (IC50=0.46 mg/mL), while ELP-4, a similar inhibitory effect (IC50=0.58 mg/mL) as Acarbose. Moreover, it was found that EPLs have moderate antioxidant activities in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) scavenging experiment.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Quinolone Acid Derivatives Having Polyhydroxylated Aromatics as HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitions
Authors: Xu Xue Mei , Luo Zai Gang , He Kuai , Zhang Ming Yang
Published: March 2013

A small chemical library of quinolone acid derivatives were synthesized as potential HIV-1 integrase inhibitors and evaluated their inhibition to the strand transfer process of HIV-1 integrase. Their structures were characterized by NMR, MS and HRMS. The result indicates that quinolone acid derivatives having 3,4,5-trihydroxylated aromatic substituent on the N-1 position of quinolone ring exhibit good inhibition with IC50 of 2.6 μM.
The Effect by Sodium Sulfite on the Enzyme Activity and Stabilization of Race Bran
Authors: Yu Guo Ping , Gong Zhu , Xu Man Xu , Dou Chao Ran
Published: March 2013

This paper focuses on the effect by sodium sulfite on the enzyme activity and stabilization of rice bran. First, enzymes are studied by detecting the activity of lipase and peroxidase. Then the total antioxidant capacity is tested in order to clarify the effect of sodium sulfite on antioxidant substances. Finally, processed rice bran is storaged in constant temperature to observe the change of fatty acid and peroxide value. The optimal condition is 4% sodium sulfite for 150min. The results show that the sodium sulfite can reduce the enzyme activity to improve the stability of rice bran.
Nanofibril Formation of Whey Protein Concentrate and their Properties of Fibril Dispersions
Authors: Wang Jing , Xu Hong Hua , Xu Yan
Published: March 2013

Compared with β-lactoglobulin or WPI, the complex compositions for whey protein concentrate (WPC) impacted the nano-fibrils formation, the heat-induced conversion of WPC into fibrils needed alternative methods with lower pH and higher heating temperature. 3wt% WPC could form long semi-flexible fibrils with diameters from 24nm to 28nm by heating at 90°C, pH 1.8 for 10h. The major driving forces both fibrils (pH 1.8) and particulate aggregates (pH 6.5) from WPC were studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), turbidity, surface hydrophobicity and free sulfydryl group (-SH). The results indicated that surface hydrophobicity interaction played a dominant role in the formation of fibrils aggregates, while the disulphide bonds after heating to form fibrils aggregates at the acidic pH 1.8 was weaker than that of formation particulate aggregates at pH 6.5.
Preparation of Magnetic Chitosan Hyamine Microspheres and Separation of Phenolic Acids from Rubus Chingii Hu
Authors: Xie Yi Hui , Lian Bo , Gong Jia Hua , Tu Li Dan , Zhang Yu Tian , Huang Li Ping
Published: March 2013

About the separation methods of the traditional Chinese medicine components, there are common difficulties like time-consuming and compositions exist cross. Highly efficient way of separation is urgently needed in chinese medicines. The experiment adopted a better and specific 2-hydroxy-3-carboxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-propyl chitosan magnetic microspheres and separated the active anti-aging ingredients from Rubus chingii Hu. In this experiment, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were prepared by coprecipitation method. Microwave synthesis method changed the property of the surface of chitosan, we prepared 2-hydroxy-3-carboxy-N, N, N-trimethyl-propyl chitosan. And we prepared 2-hydroxy-3-carboxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-propyl chitosan magnetic microspheres by microwave synthesis. Discussed the anti-aging ingredients separating condition of 2-hydroxy-3-carboxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-propyl chitosan magnetic microspheres by UV spectrophotometry results. Ultraviolet spectrum showed that characteristic peaks of falconoid components and anthraquinones components. Chemical identification experiments show that separated samples only contain falconoid components and anthraquinones components. Using this material to separate active ingredients of Rubus chingii Hu will greatly shorten the time than traditional separation method, the components will be more purer. The results show that using this material to separate anti-aging ingredients of Rubus chingii Hu is efficient, concentrated, stable and reliable.
Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of some New Quinoxaline-1,4-Dioxide Derivatives
Authors: Xin Zhi Jun , Liang Jian Ping , Li Xue Hu , Tao Lei , Lu Xi Hong
Published: March 2013

As a continuation of our research and with the aim of obtaining new antibacterial agents which can improve the current chemotherapeutic antibacterial treatments, a series of quinoxaline-1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for antibacterial activity against bacterial growing in macrophages in vitro. The results indicate that the new compounds exhibited a good antibacterial activity. Also, the potency and low toxicity of these compounds make them valid leads for synthesizing new compounds that possess better activity.
Research of the Three-Phase PV Power Grid Inverter Based on PR Control Used in Biomedicine
Authors: Zhang Nai Bo , Shen Hong Yu , Yin Shu Xin , Duan Yu Bo , Liu Sheng Nan , Wang Jian Ren , Li Wu Yong
Published: March 2013

In the process of Biomedicine PV Grid, in order not to affect the quality of the grid, must ensure that the output current of photovoltaic power generation system and grid voltage maintain a high degree of consistency in the frequency, phase and amplitude. In order to make the output current of PV Grid inverter to meet the relevant standard of the grid, the appropriate grid filter and control strategy is the key. In order to improve the quality of the grid current and reduce the pollution of the grid harmonic current on the grid, select the three-phase full-bridge inverter circuit with LCL filters. In the grid control strategy, select the double loop current control based on grid current and capacitance current, and introduce the PR control into the double loop control system, analyze that PR control can achieve zero steady state error tracking of grid sinusoidal reference current and anti-grid voltage disturbances. Make double loop current control and SVPWM control combined, and prove the stability of this method through the simulation experiment.
An Absorption Assessment of Eggshell Calcium Citrate Treated by PEF in Mice
Authors: Lin Song Yi , Shen Tong , Ye Hai Qing
Published: March 2013

Eggshell calcium citrate (ESCC) prepared by pulsed electric field (PEF) may be a new calcium resource to help treat and prevent calcium deficiency. An absorption assessment of ESCC prepared by PEF was performed in male mice with apparent calcium absorption. Compared with control group, ESCC prepared by PEF at doses of 133.0 mg/(kg•d) significantly improved the alkalinity phosphatase (ALP) activity (P < 0.05) and decreased the levels of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) (P < 0.05). The ratio of calcium and phosphorus were in the normal range. Therefore, ESCC prepared by PEF could promote the absorption of calcium in mice.
Effect of Dense Phase Carbon Dioxide on Inactivation of Polyphenol Oxidase and Peroxidase in Hami Melon Juice
Authors: Chen Ji Luan Chen , Zheng Xiao Ji , Dong Juan , Song Li Jun
Published: March 2013

Inactivation of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) in hami melon juice by treatment with dense phase carbon dioxide (DPCD) was investigated. DPCD treatment (60min, 35MPa 65°C), caused 79% and 81% loss in PPO and POD activities, respectively. The inactivation dynamics followed the first-order reaction kinetics. Higher pressures or temperatures resulted in higher inactivation constants. The treatment time needed for 90% inactivation and the activation energies for PPO and POD decreased in the presence of DPCD, compared with a 65°C thermal treatment. Pressure sensitivity at 65°C was also investigated. The results proved that DPCD was effective for inducing enzyme inactivation in hami melon juice.
Effect of High Temperature Pretreatment and Gaseous Ozone on Storage Quality and Microbiological Safety in Fresh Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.)
Authors: Li Xi Hong , Zhang Man , Li Wei Li , Wang Ai Li , Liu Dan Zhou
Published: March 2013

It has been investigated that the effects of high temperature pretreatment and gaseous ozone on storage quality and microbiolical changes of fresh ginger. The fresh ginger were exposed in air at 30 °C for 7 days, then were treated by gaseous ozone (4 mg/m3) for 1 hour each two days for 28 days. Pretreatment promoted wound healing of ginger rhizome section and gaseous ozone treatment inhibited microbial infection. After 28 days, the PPO activity of samples in combined application of high temperature and ozone treated group, and only ozone treated group were 2.95×103 U and 2.80×103 U respectively, higher than that in control of 2.50×103 U, by 450 U and 300 U. DPPH in the two treated group were 47.38 % and 44.55 %, respectively. Total phenolic and 6-gingerol of samples in combined treated gingers were 57.33 mg/100g and 7.73 mg/g, the control was just 48.42 mg/100g and 5.89 mg/g. The level of microbiology was decreased by 1.4 log CFU/g than that of control. The results highlighted that the positive role of ozonation in combination with pretreatment storage in controlling lignification and microbial spoilage of fresh ginger. Pretreatment-gaseous ozone combined application lead to the most effective results in terms of anticorrosion associated with good results in other indexes.
Effects of Different Cooking Methods on Nutritional Characteristics of Boletus aereus
Authors: Sun Li Ping , Yang Mei Zhizi , Bai Xue , Zhuang Yong Liang
Published: March 2013

The effect of five conventional cooking methods (steaming, pressure-cooking, microwaving, frying and boiling) on nutritional composition of Boletus aereus was investigated. Results showed steaming, pressure-cooking and microwaving treatments could reserve the contents of protein, lipids, ash, total soluble sugar, free amino acids, neutral sugars, vitamin C (Vc) and total phenolics effectively compared to the raw B. aereus. Frying could significantly (p<0.05) increase protein, lipids, ash, total soluble sugar, free amino acids and neutral sugars due to the metal pan and peanut oil used in the cooking procedure with high temperature, however, the contents of Vc and total phenolics were significantly (p<0.05) decreased in this methods. Boiling significantly (p<0.05) decreased the contents of nutritional compositions, which were lost leaching to surrounding water.
Mixed Bacterial and Physico-Chemical Index of Changes in Sausage Fermentation Process
Authors: Wang Shi Kuan , Pan Ming , Xie Ren You , Hong Yu Cheng , Xu Yan Li
Published: March 2013

Application of Lactobacillus plantarum, Staphylococcus aureus, Hansenula yeast, three kinds of fermented sausages as a leavening agent, determines bacteria in fermented sausage fermentation process and the physical and chemical indicators of change. In the fermentation process, the pH value keeps falling, and 18h of fermentation, pH value reaches 5.109. The moisture and nitrite has been in decline. In the early stage of fermentation, Lactobacillus breeds slowly, yeast and cocci grow rapidly. After 6 h of fermentation, the lactic acid bacteria blooms, staphylococci and yeast growth and reproduction is inhibited, the number declines, when the fermentation time reaches15h, the number of staphylococci and yeasts begin to increase.