bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kościół powszechny i Kościoły lokalne w nauczaniu papieża Franciszka
Authors: Nawracała Tomasz
Published: December 2019

Mutual relations between the universal Church and local Churches belong to topics whose meaning increases and which return systematically in theological discussions. Hence also the short pontifi- cate of Pope Francis is not deprived of certain elements that allow a different view of the issue of the liaison between the two ecclesial communities. The article presents Francis’ view on the relation- ship between the universal Church and local Churches, showing the dependence of papal views on the theological thinking of Cardinal Walter Kasper. At the same time, two additional issues (Peter’s primacy and the formulation of the particular Church) are indicated, which are important for the papal ecclesiology.
Diecezja poznańska u schyłku Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów
Authors: Neumann Piotr Franciszek
Published: December 2019

In the investigated period of the years 1768–1793, the Poznań diocese belonged to the Gniezno metropolitan area and comprised the territory of more than 28 000 square kilometers, divided into two parts — Great Poland and Masovia. Poznań bishops resided mainly in Warsaw, in the Masovian part. The diocesan office in the years 1768–1780 was held by Andrew Stanislaus Młodziejowski and in the years 1780–1793 by Anthony Onuphrius Okęcki, both involved in state issues, includ- ing the post of crown chancellors. Pontifical duties were performer mainly by bishops suffragan, while the diocese was managed by general curates. The cathedral chapter in Poznań, constituted by 10 prelates and 23 canons, was the elite of the clergy. In addition to that, there were other bodies of clergy like curates, penitentiaries, two missionary colleges, rorantists and altarists. Collegiate chapters existed in three churches in Poznań, as well as in Warsaw, Środa Wielkopolska (Great Po- land), Szamotuły and Czarnków. The area of the diocese was divided in to four archdeaconships — Poznań, Śrem, Pszczew and Warsaw — each divided into deaconships, amounting to the number of twenty nine. Within the territory of the diocese there were 466 parish churches and a significant number of churches and chapels of various character, with an abundance of priests. The clergymen derived mainly from the townspeople, and delegates of the bishop visiting the parishes positively assessed their moral conduct. In 1772 there were 78 male monasteries with 1549 monks and 17 female monasteries in the whole diocese.
Tradycja katechizmów i podręczników katechetycznych w Wielkopolsce
Authors: Szpet Jan
Published: December 2019

The 1050 anniversary of the first bishopric in Poznań has become an opportunity to reflect on the contribution of the representatives of Great Poland to catechetical activity in Poland. The article presents several outstanding personages and their works: catechisms as well as textbooks for cat- echesis and religious education. The circumstances in which these works were created and their merits are described.
Dążenie patronów Archidiecezji Poznańskiej do pełni życia w Bogu
Authors: Hadryś Jacek
Published: December 2019

The article presents the pursuit of the fullness of life in God by the saint patrons of the Archdiocese of Poznan, namely the saint bishop and martyr Stanislaw of Szczepanow, the blessed bishop and hermit Bogumil and the saint sister Urszula Ledochowska. The presentation is done according to the scheme: determinants of spiritual life — the most important elements and manifestations of sanctity. The inferences and assertions resulting from the conducted analyses are included in the conclusion. The study is preceded by a recapitulation of the basic truths regarding Christian spir- itual life and the role of saints in the lives of Christians. Studies have shown, among other things, that each of the patrons came into the world in a family with a deep faith and received a vocation to dedicate their life to God. In saint Stanislaus and saint Urszula you can see great organizational talents, a very friendly and gentle reference to others, concern for those in need of help and support, and the greatness of their dedication to others. In blessed Bogumil, the most noticeable feature is his love for hidden life and the practice of severe penance. All three share a commitment to evan- gelization. Each of them reveals a passion for prayer, a concern for being in deep communion with Christ, living with Christ and for Him the experience of suffering and awareness of responsibility for the salvation of others, as well as distance to material goods.
Nanosyntax and syncretism in multidimensional paradigms
Authors: Taraldsen Knut Tarald
Published: December 2019

This article discusses certain problems that arise when the basic tenets of Nansyntax are employed in an analysis of syncretism patterns in multidimensional paradigms and presents and evaluate different solutions to these problems. The article is intended as a follow-up to my article an introduction to Nanosyntax.
Sculpture and the Sense of Place
Authors: Lorentzen Jakob Due
Published: December 2019

This article proposes a direction—inspired by a reading of Heidegger’s reflections on sculpture— in which thinking enriched by artistic experience can unfold an alternative mode of being-in-the-world. Heidegger points out that, in contrast to a scientific understanding of space as an empty container, the special character of space in sculpture is characterized by a clearing-away (Räumen), which presupposes and points to an open, receptive attitude toward experience that is necessary for dwelling to take place. From Heidegger this article proceeds to reflect on artworks by Eduardo Chillida and Janet Echelman. These offer concrete examples of how a thinking of sculpture can apply to different notions of place. While Chillida’s sculptures present a sense of place as rooted and embedded in the landscape, Echelman’s artworks explore an expanded notion of place through a multisensory sense of immersion. Applying Heidegger’s meditations on Räumen, it turns out that the differences between these artworks are of greatest significance in illustrating the breadth of the experiential space that they share: an openness to dwelling and a receptivity toward being-in-the-world. In this way, Heidegger’s reflections on sculpture are unfolded in a contemporary context and the potential of sculpture for a thinking of experience is established.
Migrant Voices in the Polish Classroom: Canadian Literature on the Tertiary Level of Education
Authors: Drewniak Dagmara
Published: December 2019

This paper explores the possibilities of introducing contemporary Canadian texts into a Polish university classroom. It contextualizes teaching English language literature in Poland as well as seeks options for promoting values such as openness and tolerance while facilitating global reading and raising students’ awareness on global conflicts and their meaning in the contemporaneous world. The paper aims at demonstrating that Canadian literature courses composed of texts concerned with immigration and multiculturalism turn out to have an enormous potential in creating valuable debates on the problem of embracing otherness, seeking bridges in mutual understanding, and promoting openness towards different identities. On the basis of close readings of three texts, M. Ondaatje’sThe English Patient, A.J. Borkowski’sCopernicus Avenue, and E. Stachniak’sNecessary Lies, the present article also demonstrates how Canadian literature enriches and rescales students’ perception of cultural heterogeneity and responsibility of reading, thus offering new perspectives on the rapidly changing world.
A fixed intraoral nail biting habit-breaker appliance: A case report of a novel approach to curb onychophagia
Authors: Dev Shankhanil , Pal Ananya , Zahir Shabnam , Kundu Gautam Kumar
Published: December 2019

Onchyophagia or nail biting is the performance of repetitive actions of biting one’s nails often to the level of mutilation of the nail beds. It is a compulsive act most often seen in adolescents but may continue into adulthood, leading to deleterious consequences. Often spurred by anxiety and stress, this oral habit is not so readily addressed by patients and in turn not very much treated by dentists or physicians. This case report describes successful treatment of an adolescent patient with a nail biting habit, with an innovative intraoral fixed habit-breaker appliance.
Evaluation of the stress generation on the cortical bone and the palatal micro-implant complex during the implant-supported en masse retraction in lingual orthodontic technique using the FEM: Original research
Authors: Shyagali Tarulatha Revanappa , Aghera Dhaval
Published: December 2019

Background. This study aimed to evaluate and analyze the distribution of stresses on the palatal micro-implants and the cortical bone at the micro-implant site with optimal orthodontic retraction force in lingual orthodontics. Methods. ANSYS 12.1 software was used to construct the finite element model of the maxillary bone, teeth and the periodontal ligament along with the lingual bracket set-up with wire and the micro-implant. Six- and 8-mm micro-implants were constructed. The final model consisted of 99190 nodes and 324364 elements. A 200-gram of retraction force was applied from the micro-implant to the anterior retraction hook. The micro-implant was embedded between the second premolar and the first molar. Hyper-view software was used to get the results in X-Y-Z dimensions. Results. The maximum von Mises stresses detected were 52.543 MPa for 6-mm micro-implant and 54.489 MPa for 8-mm micro-implant. Maximum stress was at the neck of the micro-implant. The 8-mm implant model showed 6×10-3 mm of lingual displacement. The least displacement of 1×10-3 mm was noticed for both the implant models in the apico-occlusal direction. The maximum von Mises stresses in the cortical bone at the micro-implant site was 18.875 MPa for 6-mm micro-implant and 21.551 MPa for 8-mm micro-implant. Conclusion. Six-mm micro-implant can be the choice for the implant-supported lingual orthodontic retraction as it produced minimal stresses on the cortical bone, and the initial stress displacements produced on the micro-implant were also minimal.
The frequencies of different types of nasal septum deviation and their effect on increasing the thickness of maxillary sinus mucosa
Authors: Taghiloo Hamid , Halimi Zohreh
Published: December 2019

Background. Diseases of the paranasal sinuses are very prevalent in East Azarbaijan Province, Iran, which is attributed to various reasons, including environmental and anatomical factors. This study investigated the prevalence of anatomical variations of nasal septum deviation and evaluated the effect of this factor on increasing the mucosal thickness of the sinuses. Methods. The samples included all the patients referred to Tabriz Faculty of Dentistry, and the frequency of nasal septum deviation in the sample population was evaluated. The samples were re-examined to select the samples with a thickened mucosa of the maxillary sinus. The results were reported using descriptive statistical methods. Results. Deviation of the nasal septum was seen in 75% of the cases. The results showed that 31.76 % of males and 56.67% of females had an increased maxillary sinus mucosa thickness. Conclusion. There was a significant relationship between nasal septum deviation and thickening of the maxillary sinus mucosa.
Carbonation Effect on Behavior of Ecological High Ductility Cementitious Composites
Authors: Chai Lijuan , Guo Liping , Chen Bo , Cao Yuanzhang
Published: December 2019

To explore the carbonation effect on the design parameters of a bridge deck link slab made by ecological high ductility cementitious composites (Eco-HDCC), flexural and compressive properties of Eco-HDCC were studied. Besides, the carbonation front and pH profile in the pore solution of Eco-HDCC specimens with different carbonation ages were determined. Results indicate that the ultimate flexural strength of Eco-HDCC has little change as carbonation age increases, and first cracking strength increases for carbonation ages of 3 d∼7 d, then decreases. The ultimate deflection of Eco-HDCC after being carbonated is higher than that of the virgin specimen. Besides, as the carbonation age prolongs, the compressive strength and elastic modulus of Eco-HDCC slightly increase. In addition, with the increase of the carbonation age, carbonation front of Eco-HDCC increases while the pH value of the pore solution decreases. When the depth ranges are 15 mm∼25 mm and 37 mm∼40 mm for carbonation ages of 56 d, the pH values are 10.4 and 11.2, which may destroy the passive film of the steel bar. Moreover, the mechanical property parameters for the design of the link slab made by Eco-HDCC can be selected according to non-carbonated material for the purpose of safe and conservative design. The corrosion-resistant steel bar or fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bar could be a promising choice to prevent steel bar corrosion.
Does Sport Science need counseling?
Authors: Kopp Martin , Lawley Justin S.
Published: December 2019

Sports science is an emerging discipline in the field of science (Block, 2016). Traditionally sports science has been recognized as simply educating secondary school teachers in physical education. However, this notion has mostly passed as researchers within the field of sport and exercise sciences have contributed significantly to our understanding of the totality of the human condition. A good example as to the importance of modern day sport science is the large body of scientific evidence that regular and optimized physical activity can increase strength and endurance, substantially reduce the risk of diabetes, heart attack, stroke, cognitive decline and development of Alzheimer’s disease, and improve quality of life over the entire life span, with little or no side effects. A notion that is now immortalized in the concept that “exercise is medicine” (Berryman, 2010).In this context, some aspects of the modern day sports science department should be considered, in order not to jeopardize the great developments that have been made and future developments of the discipline.
Auditory Selectivity for Spectral Contrast in Cortical Neurons and Behavior
Authors: So Nina L.T. , Edwards Jacob A. , Woolley Sarah M.N.
Published: December 2019

Vocal communication relies on the ability of listeners to identify, process, and respond to vocal sounds produced by others in complex environments. To accurately recognize these signals, animals' auditory systems must robustly represent acoustic features that distinguish vocal sounds from other environmental sounds. Vocalizations typically have spectral structure; power regularly fluctuates along the frequency axis, creating spectral contrast. Spectral contrast is closely related to harmonicity, which refers to spectral power peaks occurring at integer multiples of a fundamental frequency. Although both spectral contrast and harmonicity typify natural sounds, they may differ in salience for communication behavior and engage distinct neural mechanisms. Therefore, it is important to understand which of these properties of vocal sounds underlie the neural processing and perception of vocalizations.

Here, we test the importance of vocalization-typical spectral features in behavioral recognition and neural processing of vocal sounds, using male zebra finches. We show that behavioral responses to natural and synthesized vocalizations rely on the presence of discrete frequency components, but not on harmonic ratios between frequencies. We identify a specific population of neurons in primary auditory cortex that are sensitive to the spectral resolution of vocal sounds. We find that behavioral and neural response selectivity is explained by sensitivity to spectral contrast rather than harmonicity. This selectivity emerges within the cortex; it is absent in the thalamorecipient region and present in the deep output region. Further, deep-region neurons that are contrast-sensitive show distinct temporal responses and selectivity for modulation density compared with unselective neurons.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAuditory coding and perception are critical for vocal communication. Auditory neurons must encode acoustic features that distinguish vocalizations from other sounds in the environment and generate percepts that direct behavior. The acoustic features that drive neural and behavioral selectivity for vocal sounds are unknown, however. Here, we show that vocal response behavior scales with stimulus spectral contrast but not with harmonicity, in songbirds. We identify a distinct population of auditory cortex neurons in which response selectivity parallels behavioral selectivity. This neural response selectivity is explained by sensitivity to spectral contrast rather than to harmonicity. Our findings inform the understanding of how the auditory system encodes socially-relevant signals via detection of an acoustic feature that is ubiquitous in vocalizations.
Mimicking Age-Associated Gadd45γ Dysregulation Results in Memory Impairments in Young Adult Mice
Authors: Brito David V.C. , Kupke Janina , Gulmez Karaca Kubra , Zeuch Benjamin , Oliveira Ana M.M.
Published: December 2019

Age-related memory loss is observed across multiple mammalian species and preferentially affects hippocampus-dependent memory. Memory impairments are characterized by accelerated decay of spatial memories. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying these deficits are still largely unknown. Here, we investigated the expression and function of the growth arrest DNA damage (Gadd45) family during aging and cognition, respectively. We report that aging impairs the expression of Gadd45γ in the hippocampus of cognitively impaired male mice. Mimicking this decrease in young adult male mice led to age-like memory deficits in hippocampus-dependent memory tasks. Gadd45γ reduction impaired the activity of key components of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway (p38 and JNK) in mouse hippocampal cultures. Furthermore, we found that activation of downstream targets, such as ATF-2, c-Jun, and CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein), was disrupted. Finally, we showed that Gadd45γ is required for induction of key early- and late-response genes that have been associated with aging. Together, these findings indicate that Gadd45γ expression regulates cognitive abilities and synapse-to-nucleus communication and suggest Gadd45γ dysfunction as a potential mechanism contributing to age-related cognitive impairments.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTA high percentage of subjects experience age-related memory loss that burdens daily performance. Although many advances have been made, the precise changes in the brain governing these deficits are unclear. Identifying molecular processes that are required for cognition and are altered during old age is crucial to develop preventive or therapeutic strategies. Here, we show that baseline and learning-induced expression of the growth arrest DNA damage (Gadd45) γ is selectively impaired in the hippocampus of aged mice with cognitive deficits. Next, we show that modeling this impairment in young adult mice with normal cognitive performance disrupts long- and short-term memories in an age-like manner. Finally, we demonstrate that Gadd45γ regulates synapse-to-nucleus communication processes that are needed for plasticity-associated gene expression.
China’s Rise as a Science Power
Authors: Kennedy Andrew
Published: December 2019

China’s emergence as a scientific power this century is impressive. Recent reforms promise to raise the country’s profile in scientific research even further. Even so, China’s illiberal political system complicates the country’s quest for scientific leadership, particularly as efforts to increase CCP control have intensified in recent years.
The Devolution of Multiculturalism in South Korea
Authors: Kim Sookyung
Published: December 2019

This paper examines South Korean media coverage of migrant workers from 1990 to 2015 and analyzes how multiculturalism is intertwined in discussions of migrant workers. I find that South Korea, once an avid supporter of multiculturalism, is slowly retreating from it, like other countries, but not in the same direction.
Microtiming and Mental Effort
Authors: Skaansar Jo Fougner , Laeng Bruno , Danielsen Anne
Published: December 2019

The present study tested two assumptions concerning the auditory processing of microtiming in musical grooves (i.e., repeating, movement-inducing rhythmic patterns): 1) Microtiming challenges the listener's internal framework of timing regularities, or meter, and demands cognitive effort. 2) Microtiming promotes a “groove” experience—a pleasant sense of wanting to move along with the music. Using professional jazz musicians and nonmusicians as participants, we hypothesized that microtiming asynchronies between bass and drums (varying from −80 to 80 ms) were related to a) an increase in “mental effort” (as indexed by pupillometry), and b) a decrease in the quality of sensorimotor synchronization (as indexed by reduced finger tapping stability). We found bass/drums-microtiming asynchronies to be positively related to pupil dilation and negatively related to tapping stability. In contrast, we found that steady timekeeping (presence of eighth note hi-hat in the grooves) decreased pupil size and increased tapping performance, though there were no conclusive differences in pupil response between musicians and nonmusicians. However, jazz musicians consistently tapped with higher stability than nonmusicians, reflecting an effect of rhythmic expertise. Except for the condition most closely resembling real music, participants preferred the on-the-grid grooves to displacements in microtiming and bass-succeeding-drums-conditions were preferred over the reverse.
Perception-Based Classification of Expressive Musical Terms
Authors: Sulem Aviel , Bodner Ehud , Amir Noam
Published: December 2019

Expressive Musical Terms (EMTs) are commonly used by composers as verbal descriptions of musical expressiveness and characters that performers are requested to convey. We suggest a classification of 55 of these terms, based on the perception of professional music performers who were asked to: 1) organize the considered EMTs in a two-dimensional plane in such a way that proximity reflects similarity; and 2) rate these EMTs according to valence, arousal, extraversion, and neuroticism, using 7-level Likert scales. Using a minimization procedure, we found that a satisfactory partition requires these EMTs to be organized in four clusters (whose centroids are associated with tenderness, happiness, anger, and sadness) located in the four quarters of the valence-arousal plane of the circumplex model of affect developed by Russell (1980). In terms of the related positive-negative activation parameters, introduced by Watson and Tellegen (1985), we obtained a significant correlation between positive activation and extraversion and between negative activation and neuroticism. This demonstrates that these relations, previously observed in personality studies by Watson & Clark (1992a), extend to the musical field.
Enjoy The Violence
Authors: Ollivier Rosalie , Goupil Louise , Liuni Marco , Aucouturier Jean-Julien
Published: December 2019

Traditional neurobiological theories of musical emotions explain well why extreme music such as punk, hardcore, or metal—whose vocal and instrumental characteristics share much similarity with acoustic threat signals—should evoke unpleasant feelings for a large proportion of listeners. Why it doesn't for metal music fans, however, is controversial: metal fans may differ from non-fans in how they process threat signals at the sub-cortical level, showing deactivated responses that differ from controls. Alternatively, appreciation for metal may depend on the inhibition by cortical circuits of a normal low-order response to auditory threat. In a series of three experiments, we show here that, at a sensory level, metal fans actually react equally negatively, equally fast, and even more accurately to cues of auditory threat in vocal and instrumental contexts than non-fans; conversely, we tested the hypothesis that cognitive load reduced fans' appreciation of metal to the level experienced by non-fans, but found only limited support that it was the case. Nevertheless, taken together, these results are not compatible with the idea that extreme music lovers do so because of a different sensory response to threat, and highlight a potential contribution of controlled cognitive processes in their aesthetic experience.
Adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor, GPR56, is required for Müllerian duct development in the chick
Authors: Roly Zahida Yesmin , Major Andrew T , Fulcher Alex , Estermann Martin A , Hirst Claire E , Smith Craig A
Published: December 2019

The embryonic Müllerian ducts give rise to the female reproductive tract (fallopian tubes, uterus and upper vagina in humans, the oviducts in birds). Embryonic Müllerian ducts initially develop in both sexes, but later regress in males under the influence of anti-Müllerian hormone. While the molecular and endocrine control of duct regression in males have been well studied, early development of the ducts in both sexes is less well understood. Here, we describe a novel role for the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor, GPR56, in development of the Müllerian ducts in the chicken embryo. GPR56 is expressed in the ducts of both sexes from early stages. The mRNA is present during the elongation phase of duct formation, and it is restricted to the inner Müllerian duct epithelium. The putative ligand, Collagen III, is abundantly expressed in the Müllerian duct at the same developmental stages. Knockdown of GPR56 expression using in ovo electroporation results in variably truncated ducts, with a loss of expression of both epithelial and mesenchymal markers of duct development. Over-expression of GPR56 in vitro results in enhanced cell proliferation and cell migration. These results show that GPR56 plays an essential role in avian Müllerian duct development through the regulation of duct elongation.
Metodologías de Aprendizaje Activo en Proyectos Arquitectónicos y su incidencia en la motivación del alumnado universitario
Authors: Carcelén González Ricardo
Published: December 2019

La asignatura de Proyectos en Arquitectura ha permitido desde antaño la aplicación de metodologías de aprendizaje activo basado en proyectos propiciadas por su enseñanza en formato taller y su sistema de evaluación de trabajos y porfolios. Método. El trabajo se marca como objetivo evaluar la incidencia del empleo de este tipo de metodologías sobre la motivación de los alumnos universitarios. Para ello, se analizan diferentes metodologías implementadas durante los tres últimos cursos académicos en la asignatura Proyectos 6 del Grado en Fundamentos de Arquitectura de la Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena. Resultados. En este trabajo se someten a evaluación tres variantes de la metodología de aprendizaje activo basado en proyectos: método activo convencional, aprendizaje activo interdisciplinar y, finalmente, aprendizaje servicio. Para cada una de ellas se presenta un doble sistema de valoración: cuantitativo, que analiza parámetros como la tasa de abandono, la tasa de éxito o el rango de calificaciones; y cualitativo, evidenciando el grado de satisfacción del alumnado respecto a la implementación de los diferentes instrumentos de innovación educativa, así como las propias metodologías, que aquí se presentan. Conclusiones. El análisis comparado de las diversas variantes de la metodología de aprendizaje activo basado en proyectos nos lleva a presumir una mayor influencia de las metodologías de aprendizaje servicio sobre la motivación del alumnado universitario, que asumen la utilidad de la tarea a través de la prestación de servicio a la Comunidad como un incentivo complementario que incrementa su implicación con la asignatura objeto de este estudio.
Interaction Between Induced and Natural Variation at oil yellow1 Delays Reproductive Maturity in Maize
Authors: Khangura Rajdeep S , Venkata Bala P , Marla Sandeep R , Mickelbart Michael V , Dhungana Singha , Braun David M , Dilkes Brian P , Johal Gurmukh S
Published: December 2019

We previously demonstrated that maize (Zea mays) locus very oil yellow1 (vey1) encodes a putative cis-regulatory expression polymorphism at the magnesium chelatase subunit I gene (aka oil yellow1) that strongly modifies the chlorophyll content of the semi-dominant Oy1-N1989 mutants. The vey1 allele of Mo17 inbred line reduces chlorophyll content in the mutants leading to reduced photosynthetic output. Oy1-N1989 mutants in B73 reached reproductive maturity four days later than wild-type siblings. Enhancement of Oy1-N1989 by the Mo17 allele at the vey1 QTL delayed maturity further, resulting in detection of a flowering time QTL in two bi-parental mapping populations crossed to Oy1-N1989. The near isogenic lines of B73 harboring the vey1 allele from Mo17 delayed flowering of Oy1-N1989 mutants by twelve days. Just as previously observed for chlorophyll content, vey1 had no effect on reproductive maturity in the absence of the Oy1-N1989 allele. Loss of chlorophyll biosynthesis in Oy1-N1989 mutants and enhancement by vey1 reduced CO2 assimilation. We attempted to separate the effects of photosynthesis on the induction of flowering from a possible impact of chlorophyll metabolites and retrograde signaling by manually reducing leaf area. Removal of leaves, independent of the Oy1-N1989 mutant, delayed flowering but surprisingly reduced chlorophyll contents of emerging leaves. Thus, defoliation did not completely separate the identity of the signal(s) that regulates flowering time from changes in chlorophyll content in the foliage. These findings illustrate the necessity to explore the linkage between metabolism and the mechanisms that connect it to flowering time regulation.
EL PROCESAMIENTO ESTATAL DE LAS DEMANDAS POPULARES. EL CASO DE CÓRDOBA, ARGENTINA
Authors: Avalle Gerardo
Published: December 2019

Una mirada que se aproxime a los lenguajes que asumen las demandas populares y su inscripción en los intersticios de la política implica, necesariamente, identificar las instancias de traducción —institucional— donde la potencia de la resistencia es transcrita en los órdenes de la administración pública. En este artículo se efectúa un análisis de la gramática popular mediante técnicas de análisis de discurso y contenido a un conjunto de entrevistas realizadas en el marco de los movimientos sociales en Córdoba, Argentina, durante el periodo 2004-2010. El presente trabajo se organiza en tres apartados: el primero contextualiza la política argentina desde la percepción de los sectores populares, el caso argentino; el segundo, advierte sobre la emergencia de nuevos actores colectivos en el marco de la crisis económica del año 2001; y finalmente, el tercero desarrolla la trayectoria de los dispositivos estatales y las organizaciones populares, abordadas en los apartados anteriores, pero ahora en el territorio de la provincia de Córdoba.
CRISIS Y DESDEMOCRATIZACIÓN: POLÍTICA Y ECONOMÍA DE LA CRISIS BRASILEÑA
Authors: Navarro Alvarado Guillermo Antonio
Published: December 2019

El siguiente artículo tiene como objetivo exponer las variables generales de la crisis económico-política brasileña, iniciada en el año 2013 y vigente en la actualidad. Se pretenden exponer y analizar: a) las diversas corrientes interpretativas de la crisis; b) las estructuras históricas de poder político y su marco institucional; c) las  determinantes estructurales de la crisis económica y las contradicciones político- económicas del modelo social-desarrollista. El análisis concluye que la crisis actual obedece a una dinámica multidimensional y es el producto de la profundización de las contradicciones estructurales e institucionales implicadas en un pacto  democratizador inconcluso, que devino en un proceso de desdemocratización.
ESTADO Y MIGRACIÓN: ORGANIZACIONES TRANSNACIONALES Y DESARROLLO LOCAL EN SINALOA, MÉXICO
Authors: Pintor Sandoval Renato , Sánchez Sánchez Ernesto
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo analiza las formas de interacción y gestión de los clubes de migrantes sinaloenses y su impacto socioeconómico en sus lugares de origen. En primera instancia se analiza el desempeño del Club San José, que apoyado por la Fraternidad Sinaloense en California, tiene un impacto social de manera transnacional a través de prácticas y vínculos comunitarios. En el segundo apartado, se analiza la Fraternidad Elotense en California, que amparados bajo las iniciativas de los presidentes municipales en turno y bajo el esquema del programa 3x1, desarrollan inversiones de infraestructura local en beneficio de la localidad de origen, sobrepasando el principio fundacional del grupo de migrantes organizados que reside en mantener viva las actividades comunitarias de forma transnacional.
HISTORIAS DE VIDA DE PUNTARENAS: CASO DEL HOGAR DE ANCIANOS DE ESPARZA Y MIRAMAR, 2015-2016
Authors: Cousin Brenes Kathia
Published: December 2019

En este artículo se analizan las historias de vida de los residentes de los asilos de ancianos de Esparza y Miramar, en el periodo 2015-2016, mediante la técnica de análisis de contenido, con el objetivo de investigar las distintas formas en las que se reconstruye la memoria y, al mismo tiempo, evidenciar cuáles son los efectos socioculturales de esa construcción. A partir de este estudio, se puede concluir que entre las personas participantes existe una tendencia a evocar el pasado como un “tiempo mejor”, en relación con eventos significativos de sus vidas.
Féministas: a reconstrução da vivência feminina no enquadramento cristão brasileiro
Authors: Vieira Maria Eduarda Antonino
Published: December 2019

Essa pesquisa é direcionada a compreender como as mulheres cristãs percebem a construção dos seus direitos, através do que as próprias religiosas têm a dizer a respeito. Para isso, foram utilizados documentos de páginas oficiais e sites de grupos ativistas, associações e organizações de mulheres cristãs ou com projetos voltados para essa comunidade, entre os anos de 2012 e 2019. Foi empregada a Análise de Discurso a qual percebe o discurso como prática social. As tendências gerais observadas em relação a formação discursiva das cristãs foram em oposição, por um lado, à comunidade de cristãos e as desigualdades de gênero perpetradas em nome de Deus e por outro, a comunidade maior e suas atitudes discriminatórias para com a religião.
SU ALTI DALIŞ MOTİVASYONU: DEMOGRAFİK VE DENEYİMSEL ÖZELLİKLER BAKIMINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: ÇULHA Osman , GÖNÜL Eren
Published: December 2019

Türkiye,
su altı dalış için önemli bir potansiyele sahip olmasına rağmen su altı
dalışından hak ettiği ilgiyi görememektedir. Söz konusu durumun su altı dalış
yapanların ihtiyaçlarının tam olarak anlaşılamamasından kaynaklandığı
düşünülmektedir. Dalış motivasyonu hedef pazarın anlaşılmasında önemli bir rol
oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı su altı dalış yapanların
motivasyonlarını belirlemektir. Daha özelde su altı dalış yapanları su altı
dalış yapmaya iten (push) ve çeken (pull) motivasyon faktörlerinin neler
olduğunu belirlemek ve bu motivasyonların demografik özelliklere ve deneyim
durumuna göre değişip değişmediğini tespit etmek bu çalışmanın alt amaçlarını
oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma için gerekli olan veriler Türkiye’deki dalış merkezine
ve dalış merkezlerinin Instagram hesaplarına üye olan dalgıçlardan çevirimiçi
ortamdaki anket yoluyla toplanmıştır. Toplam 261 dalış yapandan elde edilen
verilerin analizi sonucunda dalış yapmaya iten en önemli motivasyonun dalış
deneyimi, çeken en önemli motivasyonun temel dalış özellikleri olduğu tespit
edilmiştir. Ayrıca dalış yapanları dalış yapmaya çeken hiçbir motivasyon
faktörü demografik ve deneyimsel özelliklere göre anlamlı bir farklılığa sahip
olmazken, dalış yapmaya iten bir faktör olarak prestj ve kişisel başarı
motivasyonun demografik özelliklerden yaşa ve aylık gelire göre anlamlı bir
farklılığa sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda destinasyon ve dalış
merkezi yöneticileri için öneriler sunulmuştur.
AÇIK ALAN REKREASYONU OLARAK YAMAÇ PARAŞÜTÜ ETKİNLİĞİNE KATILANLARIN MOTİVASYONLARI VE ETKİNLİK MEMNUNİYETLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ: ARSUZFEST ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: SAÇLI Çağrı , KAHRAMAN Ceyhan Özdemir
Published: December 2019

Bu araştırmanın
temel amacı, Hatay’ın Arsuz ilçesinde 7-8-9 Eylül 2018 tarihlerinde, Arsuz Doğa
ve Su Sporları Festivali (Arsuzfest) sırasında gerçekleşen, yamaç paraşütü
etkinliği katılımcılarının demografik özelliklerinin, yamaç paraşütü yapma motivasyonlarının
ve yamaç paraşütü etkinliği memnuniyetlerinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırmanın
diğer bir amacı ise, katılımcıların festival hakkındaki genel görüşlerinin
tespit edilmesidir. Bu amaçlar doğrultusunda, yazarlar tarafından 21 soruluk
görüşme formu oluşturulmuştur. Görüşme formundaki soruların 12’si
katılımcıların demografik özellikleri ile, 3’ü yamaç paraşütü yapma
motivasyonları ile, 4’ü etkinlik memnuniyetleri ile ve 2’si festivalin geneli
ile ilgilidir. Araştırma verileri, Arsuzfest yamaç paraşütü etkinliği
katılımcılarından nitel araştırma yöntemi olan görüşme yöntemi ile elde edilmiş
olup. 30 katılımcı ile yüz yüze görüşme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Görüşmeler sonucunda
elde edilen veriler içerik analizi yapılarak çözümlenmiştir. İçerik analizi
sonucunda yamaç paraşütü etkinliği katılımcılarının motivasyonlarının
“Özgürlük”, “Heyecan”, “Gökyüzünden bakmak”, “Macera”, “Risk alma”, “Yükseklik
korkusunu yenme”, “Huzur bulma” ve “Farklılaşma isteği” olduğu tespit
edilmiştir. Görüşmeler sonucunda, yamaç paraşütü yapan katılımcıların, risk
almayı sevdikleri ve kriz durumlarını yönetebildikleri ve bu etkinlikten genel
anlamda memnun kaldıkları belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca festival değerlendirmeleri,
sosyalleşme ve çeşitlilik açısından olumlu iken, organizasyon ile ilgili
yetersizlikleri ortaya koymaktadır. Son olarak araştırmada elde edilen bulgular
doğrultusunda etkinlik ve festival için çeşitli öneriler getirilmiş olup, elde
edilen bulgular ve sonuçların gelecekteki çalışmalara ışık tutacağı umut edilmektedir.
Influence of Gum Arabic Enriched with GABA Coating on Oxidative Damage of Walnut Kernels
Authors: Ebrahimzadeh Asghar , Pirzad Farhad , Tahanian Hamidreza , Aghdam Morteza Soleimani
Published: December 2019

Because of the higher content of unsaturated fatty acids (UNSFA) and phenolics, walnut kernels are vulnerable to oxidative rancidity and browning due to unfavorable postharvest handling procedures. This study investigates the impact of gum arabic coating enriched with γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on oxidative rancidity and browning of kernels during storage at 20 °C. The results showed that the walnut kernels coated with gum arabic (5 %) enriched with GABA (0.1 mM) exhibited lower oxidative rancidity and browning, manifested by lower peroxide value and malondialdehyde accumulation along with higher whiteness index. Moreover, kernels had higher UNSFA/SFA ratio as a response to lower lipoxygenase activity and H2O2 accumulation. The reduced oxidative browning in coated kernels was accompanied with lower polyphenol oxidase and higher phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity leading to higher accumulation of phenolics and increased DPPH• scavenging capacity. Based on our findings, gum arabic coating (5 %) enriched with GABA (0.1 mM) may have a commercial potential for maintaining nutritional quality of walnut kernels.
THE EFFECT OF ADDITIVES AND REDUCTORS IN SELECTIVE REDUCTION PROCESS OF LATERITE NICKEL ORE
Authors: Nurjaman Fajar , Sa'adah Anis , Shofi Achmad , Apriyana Wuri , Suharno Bambang
Published: December 2019

THE EFFECT OF ADDITIVES AND REDUCTORS IN SELECTIVE REDUCTION PROCESS OF LATERITE NICKEL ORE. Selective reduction of laterite nickel ore followed by magnetic separation was carried out to produce ferronickel products. The effect of adding additives and reductor types in the selective reduction process was studied in this study. Reductors used were anthracite coal and palm shell charcoal with variations of 5 to 15% by weight, while the additive used was sodium sulfate (Na2SO4). The reduction process was carried out at temperatures of 950 ºC, 1050 ºC and 1150 ºC for 60 minutes. The addition of 10% sodium sulfate additives by weight in the reduction process of laterite nickel ore produced higher concentrations of nickel as 6.09%, compared to no additives, i.e. 2.45%. The addition of reductors in the selective reduction process of laterite nickel ore shows that the higher the amount of reductors causes a decrease in the concentrate level of nickel. Furhtermore, the type of reductors used shows that the concentrate from the reduction result using anthracite coal reductor produces higher level of nickel and lower level of iron compared to the use of palm shell charcoal reductor.
THE EFFECT OF PRETREATMENT OF MICROWAVE HEATING ON EFFICIENCY OF HYDROLYSIS TIME AND α-CELLULOSIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PALM OIL WASTE BIOMASS
Authors: Kasim Fitriani , Syamsu Khaswar , Setyaningsih Dwi , Suryadarma Prayoga , Sudirman Sudirman
Published: December 2019

THE EFFECT OF PRETREATMENT OF MICROWAVE HEATING ON EFFICIENCY OF HYDROLYSIS TIME AND α-CELLULOSIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PALM OIL WASTE BIOMASS. This research is underlied by the needs of various industries for alpha cellulose, especially for the needs of raw material for cellulose nanocristalline, from fiber derived from the most potential waste biomass in Indonesia, namely oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) and mesocarp fibers. This study aims to find out the effect of pretreatment by microwave heating on the efficiency of hydrolysis time and alpha cellulose characteristics from palm oil waste biomass. To produce alpha cellulose, acid hydrolysis is commonly used with the multistage pulping process method, where the fiber is dissolved into HNO3 mixed acid, 3.5% and NaNO2, heated at a temperature of 90 oC for 2 hours, hydrolyzed and delignified to remove lignin and bleached, then separated from betha and gamma cellulose by dissolving it with NaOH 17.5%. In this study, a preliminary treatment (pretreatment) with microwave heating was carried out before the fiber was hydrolyzed so that the hydrolysis process was more efficient without reducing the characteristics of the alpha cellulose produced. The research results showed that pretreatment with microwave heating can streamline the hydrolysis time from 2 hours to 1 hour, without reducing its characteristics, where the degree of fiber crystallinity (XRD) and the yield of alpha cellulose remain high. Microwave heating with 450 watts for 5 minutes (treatment A) is better than 300 watts of heating for 10 minutes (treatment B). From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the pretreatment with microwave heating can streamline the hydrolysis time of the fiber to obtain alpha cellulose and increase the yield of the produced alpha cellulose.
SYNTHESIS OF MAGNETIC COMPOSITE OF IRON COMPOUNDS/CARBON NANOTUBES IN CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION
Authors: Saraswati Teguh Endah , Prasiwi Oktaviana Dewi Indah , Masykur Abu , Anwar Miftahul
Published: December 2019

The chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthesis of magnetic carbon nanotubes (mCNT) using carbon dioxide/carbon catalyst has been successfully carried out in various pressures. The temperatures were set at 800° C for 10 minutes reaction time. Nitrogen (N2) gas in 20 Torr was flown in followed by ethanol vapor until the final pressure reached 80 and 100 Torr without added air, and 180 Torr with added air. The formation of mCNT was confirmed by shifted X-ray diffraction (XRD) peak of graphite from 26.53° to 25.53° which were highly considered to the other carbon allotropes with sp2 hybridized carbon atom hybridization structures. The higher pressure with added atmospheric air led to the excessive oxidation which influenced the growth of mCNT. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis observed mCNT filled by catalyst particles which suggested as magnetic phase induced the magnetic property of mCNT. The best electrical conductivity performance (lower electrical resistance) was owned by mCNT produced in the lower pressure condition with no air added.
RAT BLOOD PROFILE EVALUATION AFTER Fe3O4/CHITOSAN COLLOID INJECTION
Authors: Karo Karo Aloma , Abdul Azis Irham , Z.L. Wildan , Tj. Sulungbudi Grace , Juliandi Berry , Mujamilah Mujamilah
Published: December 2019

RAT BLOOD PROFILE EVALUATION AFTER Fe3O4/CHITOSAN COLLOID INJECTION. The application of iron oxide (Fe3O4) magnetic nanoparticles in the biomedical field is still being explored, mainly related to its toxicity and side effects. This article reported results of the study aimed at analyzing the effect of chitosan-coated magnetic nanoparticles (NPM-C) on rat blood profiles. Magnetic colloid as much as 1 ml (concentration of 5 mg NPM-C / mL aquabidest) for 1 kG rat body weight was injected through intra-venous to the treated rat group (4 Wistar rats aged 6 months; weight ± 275 grams; male sex) while another four rats injected with sterile aquabidest used as a control group. The blood taking from each group of rats was carried out on 1 day before injection and several days after injection (days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28) through veins in the tail. To these blood samples, a series of blood profile analyzes is carried out including basic hematology, blood chemistry, and fragility of the erythrocyte membrane. The results of the analysis showed no significant differences between blood profiles after treatment and control, which indicated that chitosan-coated magnetic nanoparticles did not trigger cellular stress responses in the blood. The stability of blood magnetism analyzed by VSM (Vibrating Sample Magnetometer) also shows that magnetic nanoparticles are detected in the blood and tend to decrease in number with increasing time, so it is thought that these nanoparticles can be degraded or have been distributed into organs. These stable properties are analyzed due to an existence of chitosan coating around magnetic nanoparticles. Based on this study it can be concluded that up to the given concentration limit, iron oxide nanoparticles coated by chitosan are not toxic and have the potential to be used as drug carriers, MRI contrast agents, and other biomedical applications.
THE INFLUENCE OF COMPOSITION OF CNT (CARBON NANOTUBE) ON THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BIOPLASTIC MADE FROM CASSAVA STARCH
Authors: Mangsur Masitoh , Abdullah Akbar Hanif Dawam , Septiyanto Rahmat Firman , Muchtar Yus Rama Denny , Affifah Isriyanti
Published: December 2019

Bioplastics are starch-based polymers that are easily degraded by microorganisms, so they can be used as an alternative to the use of conventional plastics. In this research, bioplastics made from cassava starch was made using glycerol as plasticizer and used MWCNTs (Multi-Wall CNTs) type CNT as reinforcement with variations in the composition of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%. Bioplastics are made with a dry method (dry blending) with stages of pre-mixing, mixing, hot press and cold press. Characteristics of bioplastic starch/CNT include tensile strength, biodegradation and morphological. The test results show that the addition of CNT composition affects the mechanical properties of bioplastics. The optimum value of tensile strength occurred in the addition of 2% CNT at 13.52 MPa. Biodegradable test results using the Aspergillus niger mushroom prove that bioplastic starch/CNT can be degraded well. The results of morphological characteristics in the form of SEM results showed that 3% bioplastic starch / CNT had cracks and resulted in decreased tensile strength. FTIR test results indicate the presence of a new functional group C≡C because of the addition of CNT.
Sample Preparation for Illumina MiSeq Dual Index Amplicon Sequencing v1
Authors: Székely Anna , Vass Máté , Csitari Bianka
Published: December 2019

Amplicon sequencing sample preparation for bacteria and microeukaryotes