bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Waste Heat Driven Integrated Membrane Distillation for Concentrating Nutrients and Process Water Recovery at a Thermophilic Biogas Plant
Authors: Khan Ershad Ullah , Nordberg Åke , Malmros Peter
Published: October 2022

To efficiently utilize low-concentrate digestate nutrients, further treatment is needed to decrease their volume, recover process water, and increase nutrient concentrations. Membrane distillation (MD) is a thermally driven process that is advantageous due to its ability to harness low-grade waste heat to treat highly complex wastewater streams. This study assessed the techno-economic performance of integrating MD for two-fold concentrations of nutrients and the recovery of process water from digestate at a thermophilic biogas plant. Thermal assessment showed that the recovered waste heat from flue gas and digestate fully met the thermal energy demand of MD and saved 20% of boiler energy by heating incoming slurry. The permeate flux from MD was 3.5 L/(m2h) and 3.1 L/(m2h) at 66 °C and 61 °C digestate inlet temperatures during winter and summer, respectively. With internal heat recovery, the specific heat demand for MD was 80 kWh/m3 and 100 kWh/m3 in winter and summer, respectively. The unit cost of MD permeate was estimated to be 3.6 €/m3 and 4.1 €/m3 at a digestate feed temperature of 66 °C and 61 °C (with heat recovery), and 7.6 €/m3 and 9.1 €/m3 (without heat recovery) in winter and summer, respectively. However, cost sensitivity analyses showed that waste heat recovery and thermal energy cost variations had a significant impact on the MD permeate production cost. Nevertheless, the economic assessment indicated that the thermal integration of a biogas plant with industrial-scale MD digestate treatment capacity could be economically feasible, with winter being more economically favorable due to higher waste heat recovery.
Towards Sustainable Development of Fisheries in the Yellow and East China Seas Shared by South Korea and China
Authors: Yang Hyun-Joo , Peng Daomin , Liu Honghong , Mu Yongtong , Kim Do-Hoon
Published: October 2022

South Korea and China are located adjacent to Korea’s West and South Seas and China’s Yellow, Bohai, and East China Seas. These seas are semi-closed and are inhabited by many transboundary species. Korea and China signed a Fisheries Agreement in 2000, pledging cooperation for conservation in the Yellow and East China Seas. Discussions for collaborative fisheries management continued; however, competitive fishing has been occurring between them. Moreover, Korean and Chinese fisheries suffer overcapacity, deterioration, and decreased production. Accordingly, they strengthened the fisheries management of their own seas; however, issues continue to exist. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop more effective measures by evaluating and refining the existing system; fisheries management mainly focuses on fishing capacity control. Window-DEA is useful for analyzing the trend of efficiency over time and has been widely used as an evaluation tool for fisheries management measures, particularly fishing capacity. We comprehensively assessed the dynamic fishing capacity of the fishing ground shared by Korea and China per coastal region using Window-DEA for its sustainable development. Our results show the shared fishing ground has suffered from long-term overcapacity, which is expanding further with the intensification of fishing competition between the two countries, implying that the regime currently employed has inherent drawbacks because most naturally inhabiting fish species are transboundary and characterized by active ecological interactions. Our study proposes to set a Korea–China joint fisheries management regime.
Certain Coefficient Problems for q-Starlike Functions Associated with q-Analogue of Sine Function
Authors: Taj Yusra , Zainab Saira , Xin Qin , Tawfiq Ferdous M. O. , Raza Mohsan , Malik Sarfraz Nawaz
Published: October 2022

This study introduces a subclass Sqs* of starlike functions associated with the q-analogue of the sine function defined in symmetric unit disk. This article comprises the investigation of sharp coefficient bounds, and the upper bound of the third-order Hankel determinant for this class. It also includes the findings of Zalcman and generalized Zalcman conjectures for functions of this class.
Fractional Jensen-Mercer Type Inequalities Involving Generalized Raina’s Function and Applications
Authors: Nonlaopon Kamsing , Awan Muhammad Uzair , Asif Usama , Javed Muhammad Zakria , Slimane Ibrahim , Kashuri Artion
Published: October 2022

The aim of this paper is to derive some new generalized fractional analogues of Mercer type inequalities, essentially using the convexity property of the functions and Raina’s function. We also discuss several new special cases which show that our results are, to an extent, unifying. In order to illustrate the significance of our results, we offer some interesting applications of our results to special means, error bounds, and q-digamma functions.
Presence of Halogenated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Milk Powder and the Consequence to Human Health
Authors: Goswami Prasun , Wickrama-Arachchige Anura , Yamada Momoka , Ohura Takeshi , Guruge Keerthi
Published: October 2022

Recent reports of the presence of halogenated derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in human foods of animal origin, such as chlorinated (ClPAHs) and brominated (BrPAHs) PAHs, suggest that their contamination in dairy products may also pose a human health risk. This study used GC/Orbitrap-MS to analyze 75 congeners of halogenated PAHs and parent PAHs in milk and creaming powder samples commonly found in grocery stores in Sri Lanka and Japan. Our investigation revealed a total of 31 halogenated PAHs (HPAHs) in the samples. The concentrations of total parent PAHs in the samples from Sri Lanka and Japan ranged from not detected (n.d.)–0.13 and <0.001–16 ng/g dry weight (d.w.). Total ClPAHs and BrPAHs in the samples ranged from 0.01–3.35 and 1.20–5.15 ng/g (d.w.) for Sri Lanka, and 0.04–2.54 and n.d.–2.03 ng/g d.w. for Japan, respectively. The ClPAHs were dominated by chlorinated-pyrene, -fluoranthene, and -benzo[a]pyrene congeners, whereas the BrPAHs were dominated by brominated-naphthalene and -pyrene congeners. The toxic assessment estimated based on the intake of toxic equivalency quotients (TEQs) for target compounds in milk powders revealed that HPAHs might contribute additively to the PAHs-associated health risk to humans, indicating that more research is needed.
Nanobody-Nanoluciferase Fusion Protein-Enabled Immunoassay for Ochratoxin A in Coffee with Enhanced Specificity and Sensitivity
Authors: Bao Kunlu , Liu Xing , Liao Yujing , Liu Zilong , Cao Hongmei , Wu Long , Chen Qi
Published: October 2022

Ochratoxin A (OTA), one of the best-known mycotoxins, causes problems concerning food safety with potential toxic effects in humans and animals. So, it is crucial to develop simple and sensitive methods for the detection of OTA. Herein, a nanoluciferase–nanobody fusion protein (Nb28-Nluc)-retaining antibody recognition and enzymatic activity was first prepared, which was then applied as a bifunctional tracer to construct a one-step bioluminescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (BLEIA) for OTA in coffee samples. On the basis of Nb28-Nluc, the BLEIA can be completed with a one-step incubation and detection, with only a substrate replacement from 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to a Nluc assay reagent (Furimazine). Under the optimal experimental conditions, the proposed one-step BLEIA achieved a detection limit of 3.7 ng/mL (IC10) within 3 h. Moreover, the BLEIA method showed good repeatability and accuracy in the spike recovery experiments with recoveries of 83.88% to 120.23% and relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 5.2% to 24.7%, respectively. Particularly, the BLEIA displayed superior performances, such as fewer operations and more rapid and sensitive detection as compared with Nb28-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Therefore, the proposed one-step BLEIA has great potential for the sensitive and accurate screening of OTA in food samples.
Dirac Observables in the 4-Dimensional Phase Space of Ashtekar’s Variables and Spherically Symmetric Loop Quantum Black Holes
Authors: Ongole Geeth , Zhang Hongchao , Zhu Tao , Wang Anzhong , Wang Bin
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we study a proposal put forward recently by Bodendorfer, Mele and Münch and García-Quismondo and Marugán, in which the two polymerization parameters of spherically symmetric black hole spacetimes are the Dirac observables of the four-dimensional Ashtekar’s variables. In this model, black and white hole horizons in general exist and naturally divide the spacetime into the external and internal regions. In the external region, the spacetime can be made asymptotically flat by properly choosing the dependence of the two polymerization parameters on the Ashtekar variables. Then, we find that the asymptotical behavior of the spacetime is universal, and, to the leading order, the curvature invariants are independent of the mass parameter m. For example, the Kretschmann scalar approaches zero as K≃A0r−4 asymptotically, where A0 is generally a non-zero constant and independent of m, and r the geometric radius of the two-spheres. In the internal region, all the physical quantities are finite, and the Schwarzschild black hole singularity is replaced by a transition surface whose radius is always finite and non-zero. The quantum gravitational effects are negligible near the black hole horizon for very massive black holes. However, the behavior of the spacetime across the transition surface is significantly different from all loop quantum black holes studied so far. In particular, the location of the maximum amplitude of the curvature scalars is displaced from the transition surface and depends on m; so does the maximum amplitude. In addition, the radius of the white hole is much smaller than that of the black hole, and its exact value sensitively depends on m, too.
Pancreas Transplantation in Minorities including Patients with a Type 2 Diabetes Phenotype
Authors: Stratta Robert J. , Gruessner Angelika
Published: October 2022

Background: Prior to year 2000, the majority of pancreas transplants (PTx) were performed as simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplants (SPKTs) in Caucasian adults with end stage renal failure secondary to type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) who were middle-aged. In the new millennium, improving outcomes have led to expanded recipient selection that includes patients with a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) phenotype, which excessively affects minority populations. Methods: Using PubMed® to identify appropriate citations, we performed a literature review of PTx in minorities and in patients with a T2DM phenotype. Results: Mid-term outcomes with SPKT in patients with uremia and circulating C-peptide levels (T2DMphenotype) are comparable to those patients with T1DM although there may exist a selection bias in the former group. Excellent outcomes with SPKT suggests that the pathophysiology of T2DM is heterogeneous with elements consisting of both insulin deficiency and resistance related to beta-cell failure. As a result, increasing endogenous insulin (Cp) production following PTx may lead to freedom checking blood sugars or taking insulin, better metabolic counter-regulation, and improvements in quality of life and life expectancy compared to other available treatment options. Experience with solitary PTx for T2DM or in minorities is limited but largely mirrors the trends reported in SPKT. Conclusions: PTx is a viable treatment option in patients with pancreas endocrine failure who are selected appropriately regardless of diabetes type or recipient race. This review will summarize data that unconventional patient populations with insulin-requiring diabetes may gain value from PTx with an emphasis on contemporary experiences and appropriate selection in minorities in the new millennium.
Epidemiological Characteristics of Varicella under Different Immunisation Strategies in Suzhou Prefecture, Jiangsu Province
Authors: Zhang Zhuoyu , Liu Na , Zhang Jun , Xu Juan , Wang Wenyu , Xiao Jiaqi , Wang Tianyu , Luan Lin , Zhang Yunyan
Published: October 2022

Background: The varicella vaccine is excluded from the Chinese national immunisation programme but is included in the local expanded programme on immunisation (EPI) in the Suzhou Prefecture. This study investigated the epidemiological characteristics of the varicella cases during the implementation of different immunisation strategies in the Suzhou Prefecture, Jiangsu Province. Methods: In this study, we used descriptive statistics. Information on reported instances from 2012 to 2021 was first retrieved. Data on varicella cases were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention (CISDCP). Similarly, information on vaccinated children was obtained from the Jiangsu Province Vaccination Integrated Service Management Information System (JPVISMIS). The census data in this study was procured from the Suzhou Bureau of Statistics. Results: From 2012 to 2021, a total of 118,031 cases of varicella were reported in Suzhou, and the average annual reported incidence was 91.35 per 100,000. The average yearly incidence after implementing the two-dose varicella vaccination decreased by 41.57% compared with the implementation of one dose. This study demonstrates two annual incidence peaks, a small peak between April and July and a prominent peak between October and January. It is also possible that this seasonal distribution is related to the geography of Suzhou. The average annual reported incidence between districts with a statistically significant difference (χ2 = 98.077, p < 0.05). The one-dose varicella vaccination coverage gradually increased from 55.34% in 2012 to 89.06% in 2021 and the two-dose varicella vaccination coverage gradually increased from 0.27% in 2012 to 82.17% in 2021. Conclusions: Administering the varicella vaccine in the local EPI has significantly decreased the incidence rate and the total number of cases. A two-dose vaccination schedule is still the best vaccination strategy for varicella vaccine effectiveness.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Caregivers’ Hesitancy in Immunizing Dependent Older Adults with COVID-19 Vaccines: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Thanapluetiwong Saran , Chansirikarnjana Sirintorn , Charernwat Piangporn , Saranburut Krittika , Ittasakul Pichai
Published: October 2022

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccinations have been proven to prevent hospitalization and mortality. However, some caregivers may be hesitant to authorize COVID-19 vaccination of people under their care. Our study aimed to evaluate factors associated with caregiver hesitancy to authorize vaccination of dependent older adults. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional telephone survey of vaccine hesitancy among caregivers of dependent older patients in the geriatric clinic of Ramathibodi Hospital. Caregivers were contacted and interviewed by trained interviewers from 20 June to 25 July 2021. Results: The study enrolled 318 participants with a mean age of 55.9 years. The majority of the participants were the patients’ children (86.5%). In total, 39.9% of participants were hesitant to authorize COVID-19 vaccination of the older adults under their care. Factors associated with caregiver vaccine hesitation were uneasiness, anxiety, agitation, sadness, and worry in association with social distancing, refusal to receive a COVID-19 vaccine, and concern about vaccine manufacturers. Conclusion: The prevalence of caregiver hesitancy to allow older adults to undergo COVID-19 vaccination was relatively high, and several factors associated with this vaccine hesitancy were identified. These findings may aid efforts toward COVID-19 vaccination of dependent older adults.
Variants of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Vaccine Effectiveness
Authors: Tulimilli SubbaRao V. , Dallavalasa Siva , Basavaraju Chaithanya G. , Kumar Rao Vinay , Chikkahonnaiah Prashanth , Madhunapantula SubbaRao V. , Veeranna Ravindra P.
Published: October 2022

The incidence and death toll due to SARS-CoV-2 infection varied time-to-time; and depended on several factors, including severity (viral load), immune status, age, gender, vaccination status, and presence of comorbidities. The RNA genome of SARS-CoV-2 has mutated and produced several variants, which were classified by the SARS-CoV-2 Interagency Group (SIG) into four major categories. The first category; “Variant Being Monitored (VBM)”, consists of Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), Delta (B.1.617.2), Epsilon (B.1.427, B.1.429), Eta (B.1.525), Iota (B.1.526), Kappa (B.1.617.1), Mu (B.1.621), and Zeta (P.2); the second category; “Variants of Concern” consists of Omicron (B.1.1.529). The third and fourth categories include “Variants of Interest (VOI)”, and “Variants of High Consequence (VOHC)”, respectively, and contain no variants classified currently under these categories. The surge in VBM and VOC poses a significant threat to public health globally as they exhibit altered virulence, transmissibility, diagnostic or therapeutic escape, and the ability to evade the host immune response. Studies have shown that certain mutations increase the infectivity and pathogenicity of the virus as demonstrated in the case of SARS-CoV-2, the Omicron variant. It is reported that the Omicron variant has >60 mutations with at least 30 mutations in the Spike protein (“S” protein) and 15 mutations in the receptor-binding domain (RBD), resulting in rapid attachment to target cells and immune evasion. The spread of VBM and VOCs has affected the actual protective efficacy of the first-generation vaccines (ChAdOx1, Ad26.COV2.S, NVX-CoV2373, BNT162b2). Currently, the data on the effectiveness of existing vaccines against newer variants of SARS-CoV-2 are very scanty; hence additional studies are immediately warranted. To this end, recent studies have initiated investigations to elucidate the structural features of crucial proteins of SARS-CoV-2 variants and their involvement in pathogenesis. In addition, intense research is in progress to develop better preventive and therapeutic strategies to halt the spread of COVID-19 caused by variants. This review summarizes the structure and life cycle of SARS-CoV-2, provides background information on several variants of SARS-CoV-2 and mutations associated with these variants, and reviews recent studies on the safety and efficacy of major vaccines/vaccine candidates approved against SARS-CoV-2, and its variants.
Dripping Rainfall Simulators for Soil Research—Design Review
Authors: Rončević Vukašin , Živanović Nikola , Ristić Ratko , Boxel John H. van , Kašanin-Grubin Milica
Published: October 2022

Dripping rainfall simulators are important instruments in soil research. However, a large number of non-standardized simulators have been developed, making it difficult to combine and compare the results of different studies in which they were used. To overcome this problem, it is necessary to become familiar with the design and performances of the current rainfall simulators. A search has been conducted for scientific papers describing dripping rainfall simulators (DRS) and papers that are thematically related to the soil research using DRS. Simulator design analysis was performed integrally, for simulators with more than one dripper (DRS>1) and with one dripper (DRS=1). Descriptive and numerical data were extracted from the papers and sorted by proposed categories, according to which the types and subtypes of used simulators are determined. The six groups of elements that simulators could consist of have been determined, as well their characteristics, representation and statistical analyses of the available numerical parameters. The characteristics of simulators are analyzed and presented, facilitating the selection of simulators for future research. Description of future simulators in accordance to the basic groups of simulator elements should provide all data necessary for their easier replication and provide a step closer to the reduction of design diversification and standardization of rainfall simulators intended for soil research.
Main theoretical approaches of the creative industries: From a meta-analytical orientation
Authors: Saucedo-Estrada Hael
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this article is a systematic review of the literature, appealing to recent bibliometric studies that point to research studies in Creative Industries, from management 2017 to April 2022, with a sample of journals from the Web of Science database based on a meta-analytical study of a number of 549 selected articles, was carried out with the help of the Vosviewer Software, identifying the most relevant journals and the most cited authors. Through a co-citation analysis, the authors related to the theoretical approaches were selected, which allows to build and define a theoretical path of the creative industries. Two groups of theoretical approaches were identified as results from the most cited 177 authors that converge to the creative/cultural classes approach and the media and culture approach in society.
Reproductive Cycle of the Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium birmanicum choprai (Tiwari)
Authors: SINGH S.R. , ROY D.
Published: October 2022

The annual reproductive cycles of both sexes of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium birmanicum choprai (Tiwari) were studied over a 2-year period (October 1989 - September 1991). The animals did not appear in the catches from late October to February probably owing to their migration into deeper zones of the rivers. The observations suggest that this species is a continuous breeder. While the male did not exhibit a distinct breeding peak, the female recorded a distinct reproductive peak in July/August. September was observed to be the extended spawning period for females, whereas all the males encountered during this month were found spent. Distinct histological changes were observed in the gonads of both sexes during the reproductive cycle. The vitellogenic period of the ovary was divided into previtellogenic and vitellogenic phases, and each phase was further subdivided into three stages. Different entities of spermatogenesis were seen at the same time in seminiferous tubules.
Relationship of Kidney Tubule Biomarkers with Cognition among Community-Living Elders in the Health ABC Study
Authors: Miller Lindsay M. , Sarnak Mark J. , Rifkin Dena E. , Potok O. Alison , Fried Linda , Kritchevsky Steven , Drew David , Shlipak Michael G. , Ix Joachim H.
Published: October 2022

Key Points

Higher baseline urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin was associated with worse cognitive scores at baseline.

Lower concentrations of baseline serum bicarbonate (higher is better) were associated with lower cognitive scores at baseline.

We found no associations with urine markers with longitudinal changes in cognition.
Towards a New Walking Evaluation Approach: Power of Surveys and Route-based Evaluations in GIS Environment
Authors: TUYDES-YAMAN Hediye , KARATAŞ SEVİNEN Pınar , ONCU Zeynep Pinar , DALKİC Gulcin
Published: October 2022

Walking is a critical mode to be encouraged in sustainable urban mobility plans (SUMPs). However, the lack of analysis methodology is making it challenging to detect walkability aspects necessary to develop better policies. Middle East Technical University (METU) Campus was designed with a pedestrian-friendly layout which has been threatened recently by different factors (i.e. enlargement of the campus, changing traffic volumes, etc.). This necessitated further investigation of walking and walkability in the campus, which was the main scope of the most recent survey, designed to investigate a) pedestrian perspective and b) walking limits on campus. While the former was investigated via traditional questions, the latter was sought after via map-based 1844 routes from 623 participating students. Besides the descriptive statistics performed by the responses to the traditional evaluation questions, the route-based data resulted in enriched analyses, proving the power of the latter in evaluating walkability, which has a spatial variation by nature. Consideration of both traditional survey approaches accompanied by the route-based investigations enabled the development of a more comprehensive understanding of walkability of the study area, which should be used in the evaluation of pedestrian mobility in urban pedestrian analysis zones, i.e. city centers, metro station capture zones, campuses, etc.
Entre a materialidade e a literalidade na literatura infantil: descrições de um livro “indestrutível”
Authors: Naves Ludmila Magalhães , Goulart Ilsa do Carmo Vieira
Published: October 2022

Este texto analisa os dispositivos editoriais e textuais da obra Baby Faces, de Kate Merritt, com o propósito de descrever os aspectos que estimulam a leitura a partir das ilustrações de rostos de crianças, expressando emoções diversas como texto visual, impressas em papel diferenciado e resistente de forma a tornar o livro um brinquedo, um objeto divertido e possível de interação. Optou-se por realizar uma pesquisa qualitativa, de análise documental que nos permitiu observar os meios e instrumentos empregados na composição da obra. Como base teórica, apoia-se nos estudos de Hunt, Souza e Girotto sobre leitura, literatura e infância, bem como nos estudos de Chartier, Darnton e Mckenzie sobre materialidade do livro. Conclui-se que o uso do texto visual permite às crianças uma maior familiaridade e interesse pela leitura, pois possibilita a compreensão leitora ao promover a proximidade entre a realidade da criança e seu imaginário estabelecendo relações de sentido.
Primaverar: semear escritas e leituras e colher encontros
Authors: Romaguera Alda Regina Tognini , Ometto Cláudia Beatriz de Castro Nascimento , Novaes Marcus Pereira
Published: October 2022

Primaverar: semear escritas e leituras e colher encontros
Christmas Tree-Shaped Microneedles as FOLFIRINOX Spatiotemporal Delivery System for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment
Authors: Huang Danqing , Fu Xiao , Zhang Xiaoxuan , Zhao Yuanjin
Published: October 2022

As an effective combination chemotherapy, FOLFIRINOX regimen (fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin) has shown definite antitumor efficacy for treating pancreatic cancer (PC) nowadays. However, the traditional systematic administration of these chemotherapeutics limits the drug targeting and causes unwanted effects. Herein, we present a novel Christmas tree-shaped adhesive microneedle (MN) patch coloading fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin simultaneously to realize spatiotemporal FOLFIRINOX therapy in situ. Such MN patch was fabricated by using a layer-by-layer mold replication method, in which oxaliplatin and leucovorin are encapsulated in the top MNs, while irinotecan and fluorouracil are encapsulated in the bottom MNs. The multilayer structure imparts the MNs with enhanced adhesive ability and spatiotemporal drug release property, contributing to the antitumor effect on PC organoid models. Therefore, our Christmas tree-shaped MN patch represents an innovative approach for spatiotemporal multiple-drug delivering and realizes the combination chemotherapy for PC in a single platform.
Backchannels: Covert Digital Backchannels in the Overt Classroom
Authors: Kjaergaard Thomas , Hachmann Roland
Published: October 2022

Abstract:  A study of backchannel communication during lessons in higher education.

This paper presents a study of how students utilise social media as backchannels for ‘reflection in action’, ‘reflections on action’, social banter and critique of the ongoing physical presence lesson with digital technologies. The research question was sparked by the overt ways in which the students communicated in the chat in videoconferences in online lessons during the first lock-down (March-June 2020). The students appeared to help each other and sort out practical and academic issues without involving the lecturer in the chat. This initial discovery led to an actual investigation of how the students communicate, digitally during physical presence lessons after the lock-down lifted. It became evident that most students engage in covert, digital communication during lessons. So, while the backchannel was overt and inclusive in online lessons, it turned into a covert exclusive practice in the physical, presence lessons. The paper introduces the notion of a ‘backchannel’ that carries undisclosed strands of student-initiated communication during a lesson. The study also identifies different types of backchannel communication that take place amongst students during lessons. Furthermore, the paper suggests a typological organisation of the different types of reflection the backchannels support. A backchannel is defined as a secondary, informal, unmanaged communication channel that happens simultaneously with a physical, presence lesson. The backchannel seems to be a process that either, covertly, support the students or, overtly, supports the lecturer and the students. The identified backchannels are divided into three different kinds of backchannels in the paper. The types found in the study include: ‘Rhizomatic, covert backchannels’, ‘Lecturer initiated backchannels’ and ‘hybrid joint contribution backchannels’. The paper investigates the pedagogical circumstances under which the backchannels emerge and how they are utilized. Furthermore, the article discusses the implications that covered, digital meta-communication during the lessons that may have on the relationship between lecturer and students. Lastly, the paper presents suggestions for how to use the covert backchannels as a constructive element in the lessons. Finally, the article suggests pedagogical practices that offer the students other possibilities to engage and express insecurities and general questions during lessons and presentations.
Development of critical thinking disposition using an online discussion board during a fully online course
Authors: Nakayama Minoru , Kikuchi Satoru , Yamamoto Hiroh
Published: October 2022

Online discussion is a key learning activity for developing literacy of critical thinking disposition (CTD). The effectiveness and activities of online discussion during a blended learning setting have been analysed. The aim of this paper is to extract student's characteristics during online discussions in a fully online course in order to invite more participants to join and to encourage discussion. The differences in student's characteristics and learning performance between online discussants and non-participants were statistically analysed. Key characteristics were extracted and discussed using regression analysis. Also, causal relationship of the development of literacy of CTD were extracted and the learning progress of online discussants was examined.
Adapting OER: Addressing the Challenges of Reuse When Designing for HE Capacity Development
Authors: Goshtasbpour Fereshte , Ferguson Rebecca , Pitt Beck , Cross Simon , Whitelock Denise
Published: October 2022

Changes in learning and teaching due to COVID-19 have prompted higher education (HE) institutions to develop strategies and skills related to technology-supported education, creating development opportunities that help staff teach and support students in online or blended situations. Using open educational resources (OER) meant training could be developed and localised quickly. However, there has been little research into the use of OER to meet urgent, unanticipated teaching needs. This paper provides a critical reflective account of learning design for the use of OER in a national capacity development initiative in Kenya as part of the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) funded Skills for Prosperity Kenya project. Development of this OER was led by The Open University in partnership with 37 Kenyan universities. The initiative was designed to develop the knowledge and skills of educators, educational leaders, and support staff. The contribution of this paper is that it identifies challenges encountered when adapting OER for use in a technologically low-resourced context, showing how these can be addressed successfully at different learning design stages. Challenges were identified using the 7Cs of Learning Design (Conole, 2014): conceptualise, create, communicate, collaborate, consider, combine and consolidate. The paper concludes with recommendations for design practice and creating and remixing OER.
Can MOOCs reskill and upskill the Indian Workforce for the Industrial Revolution 4.0?
Authors: Tripathi Durgesh , Tandon Surbhi
Published: October 2022

Industrial Revolution 4.0 is blurring the boundaries between human intellect and technology. It is characterized by technologies like Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Blockchain Technology, Robotics, Internet of Things among others. The much-celebrated Industrial Revolution 4.0 will create massive job losses in developing countries including India due to the automation of jobs and processes. Thus, there is a dire need to reskill a vast majority of the workforce for the Industrial Revolution 4.0 which has already begun to be implemented due to its optimization and efficiency in resource usage. According to an estimate by OECD, the nature of 1/3rd of the jobs will transform due to technological interventions. Whereas World Economic Forum has set an ambitious target of reskilling at least 1 billion people by 2030. It believes that the world is undergoing a reskilling emergency. On the other hand, Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) were conceived as an online version of distance learning and are increasingly being seen as a medium for filling the skills gap. Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are relying on the MOOCs courses along with utilizing the tools of Web 2.0 to cater to the demands of quality, affordable and accessible education to all. MOOCs also caters as a platform for the promotion of lifelong learning. COVID 19 has provided a spurt to the acceptability of MOOCs courses with most Edu Tech start-ups and MOOCs websites registering double-digit growth in the recent past. Coursera's 2020 impact report showcases that India has become the second-largest market for MOOCs with 9.84 million learners after the USA which has 14 million learners. The paper investigates the viability of the MOOCs courses in filling the skill gap as well as the reskilling of the Indian Workforce. It will also delve into whether the MOOCs courses can bridge the digital divide with the country having the world's largest unconnected population. It will critically engage with the question of whether Industrial Revolution 4.0 requires only highly specialized technology-based skills or soft skills or a combination of both for future jobs.

Keywords: Industrial Revolution 4.0, Reskill, Indian Workforce, MOOCs, Youth
Analisis Brand Switching dan Penentuan Strategi Pemasaran Produk Bubble Tea Menggunakan Metode Markov Chain dan Game Theory
Authors: Azizah Anisa Nur , Sari Rianita Puspa
Published: October 2022

The emergence of various kinds of food and drinks that are packaged and presented in an attractive manner has made a change in the culinary business into a lifestyle part. One of the culinary businesses that is becoming a trend is boba. Boba products with well-known brands can easily be found in urban areas. Karawang as one of the industrial cities in Indonesia is experiencing rapid business development trends. This causes business actors and owners of the boba beverage brand to prepare a strategy to anticipate brand shifting to customers. This study aims to determine the brand shift in customers of  A products bubble tea and  B products bubble tea  which are one of the well-known brands of the boba business in Karawang, and to find out what strategies are appropriate so that business people can remain competitive and maintain customer loyalty. The use of the Markov Chain method to see the brand transfer to customers and the Game Theory method to find out strategies to win the competition. The results showed that the Market Share for  A product bubble tea was 0.401 and the  B product bubble tea was 0.599 with a business strategy that could be done, namely adding flavors at an affordable price.
Pengendalian Kualitas Produk Paving Block untuk Meminimalkan Cacat Menggunakan Six Sigma pada UD. Meurah Mulia
Authors: Akmal Abdiel Khaleil , Irawan Risnadi , Hadi Khairul , Irawan Heri Tri , Pamungkas Iing , Kasmawati Kasmawati
Published: October 2022

A production process will not be free of difficulties with faulty goods during its implementation; this is a problem that is a major factor in the production process; if the process still has many problems with product defects, the process has not been adequately regulated. Moving on from the issues raised above, the author did research at UD. Meurah Mulia, a paving stone manufacturer. For the time being, the control process in the manufacturing process is inspection control, which is an inspection that just distinguishes good and faulty goods without improving the process. In this scenario, the authors advise using the Six Sigma approach to eliminate flaws, which is a process control method that can affect decisions connected to product manufacturing, namely the production and insfection functions. The results of the analysis through processing with the Six Sigma method, which goes through five stages, namely define, measure, analyze, improve, and control, show that the current control process is ineffective, as evidenced by the occurrence of numerous defects in the manufacturing of Paving Blocks.
Comparison of Hemoglobin Levels of Nasopharin Cancer Patients Before and After Radiation in Radiotherapy Installations RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekardjo
Authors: Ermi Susi Yanti  , Tantri Analisawati Sudarsono  , Arif Mulyanto  , Linda Wijayanti
Published: October 2022

Hemoglobin levels can be used as an indicator of a decrease in a person's nutritional status. Radiotherapy can result in a decrease in nutritional status in nasopharyngeal cancer patients. This study aims to prove the existence of differences in hemoglobin levels in nasopharyngeal cancer patients before and after radiotherapy. This study used a retrospective design, based on medical record data of nasopharyngeal cancer patients who were treated at rsud Prof. Dr. Margono Soekardjo January – May 2022 Data analysis in this study includes descriptive analysis and hypothesis testing. Test the hypothesis using the T Dependent test with normal distributed data. The degree of meaningfulness is p ≤ 0.05.  The research data is normally distributed so that the T Dependent test is used. A meaningful comparison of hemoglobin levels was obtained in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer before and after radiation with p 0.003 So it can be concluded that there is a significant comparison with hemoglobin levels in nasopharyngeal cancer patients before and after radiation at rsud Prof. Dr. Margono Soekardjo.
Description of Patient Satisfaction Levels in the Aspects of Facilities, Empathy, and Assurance for Dental Health Services at the Bandung Dental Health Clinic during the Adaptation of New Habits in the Era of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dewi Sodja Laela  , Anggina Sekar Fatharani  , Nurul Fatikhah  , Sekar Restuning
Published: October 2022

Dental and oral health services at various health care facilities during the Covid-19 pandemic implemented stricter security procedures with health protocols set by WHO. Various rules that must be carried out by the center of health care facilities in preventing the transmission of Covid-19 can have an impact on patient satisfaction. Assessment of patient satisfaction indicators include tangible, empathy, assurance, reliability and responsiveness. This study aims to determine the level of patient satisfaction with dental health services at the Bandung Dental Health Clinic during the adaptation of new habits in the Covid-19 pandemic era in terms of facilities, empathy and assurance. This type of research is analytic with a cross sectional design. Samples were patients who received health services at the JKG Clinic, Poltekkes Kemenkes Bandung, selected by purposive sampling as many as 40 respondents. Data obtained from questionnaires through google form. Analysis of hypothesis testing using Spearman Rank correlation. The results of this study indicate that the level of patient satisfaction in terms of facilities, empathy and assurance at the JKG Clinic, Poltekkes, Ministry of Health, Bandung, is in the very satisfied category with scores between 87.5% - 95%. Spearman Rank correlation analysis with p value = 0.000 <0.05, shows that there is a relationship between the level of patient satisfaction with aspects of facilities, empathy and guarantee of dental health services. The correlation coefficient value of the facility aspect to satisfaction is 0.519 which means that the relationship is strong and the correlation coefficient value of empathy and assurance aspects to satisfaction is 0.707, which means the relationship is very strong. The conclusion of this study is that the level of patient satisfaction with dental health services at the Bandung Dental Health Clinic during the adaptation of new habits in the Covid-19 pandemic era is related to aspects of facilities, empathy and assurance.
Educar la percepción
Authors: Guarisma Álvarez José Gerardo
Published: October 2022

Todo proceso de estudio, comprensión o interpretación, toda búsqueda del conocimiento, parte de la observación. Y ésta, en su fase primaria, se encuentra representada en la percepción. Por percepción entendemos la sensación interior que resulta de una impresión material hecha en nuestros sentidos.

Es muy interesante lo que produce la percepción, en tanto suceso complejo que acontece en nuestro cerebro, en el cual se procesa la información proveniente de nuestros sentidos según nuestro parecer. A veces, por falta de previa experiencia y comprensión, nuestros sentidos nos engañan y creemos ver algo que no es.

Diversas investigaciones han demostrado que algunos factores básicos de la percepción son biológicos, y en la mayoría de los casos cumplen funciones adaptativas. Otros estudios han demostrado que la percepción es el resultado, en gran medida, de la ampliación o readaptación de las capacidades perceptivas innatas.
Interculturalidad, gestión de la convivencia y diversidad cultural en la escuela: un estudio de las actitudes del profesorado
Authors: Leiva Olivencia Juan José
Published: October 2022

En este artículo se ofrece una reflexión acerca de las actitudes que tienen los docentes sobre la interculturalidad y la convivencia en los centros educativos que cada vez acogen a un mayor número de alumnos inmigrantes. Se pone de relieve la necesidad de conocer la percepción que tienen los docentes sobre los conflictos escolares que acontecen en los contextos educativos de diversidad cultural, para así proponer medidas formativas que ayuden a transformar el conflicto en una herramienta de aprendizaje y a mejorar la gestión de la convivencia escolar desde un enfoque de educación intercultural.
Alfabetización académica: implementación de un dispositivo de intervención para la optimización de los procesos de comprensión lectora y producción textual en la Educación Superior
Authors: Massone Alicia , González Gloria
Published: October 2022

La realidad de nuestro sistema educativo no es ajena a los diagnósticos que, tanto a nivel latinoamericano (Carlino, P., 2005) como anglosajón (Carlino, P., 2004) destacan la preocupación que suscitan los resultados que obtienen los estudiantes de diferentes niveles educativos a la hora de ser evaluadas sus competencias académicas. En particular, es recurrente que las conclusiones de los estudios pongan énfasis en los déficit de los estudiantes para comprender consignas, reconocer las ideas centrales de un texto, apropiarse de nuevos contenidos, relacionar éstos con su capital cultural previo (Bourdieu, P. y Passeron, J. C., 1969) y producir textos propios que estén a la altura de las competencias comunicativas que debería poseer un sujeto alfabetizado (Marín, M. & Hall, B., 2005).

Nuestra propuesta en este trabajo es, precisamente, el reporte de la implementación de un plan de intervención que aspira a minimizar el desfasaje existente entre el perfil del egresado del nivel medio y las expectativas de logro que a nivel de competencias académicas caracteriza al aspirante a ingreso a la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Se reportan los resultados del diseño y puesta en marcha del mencionado dispositivo de intervención Los resultados ponen de manifiesto una diferencia significativa entre el nivel de logro de los aspirantes que estuvieron expuestos a la intervención y el de aquellos aspirantes a ingreso que no participaron de la misma.
La evaluación del aprendizaje, un indicador para elevar la efectividad del tutor en el contexto de Universalización de la Educación Superior
Authors: Artiles Olivera Iliana , Mendoza Jacomino Alexander , Yera Molina Miriam de la Caridad
Published: October 2022

La calidad de la educación universitaria es un imperativo urgente que replantea nuevas formas de concebir al profesional del futuro. Analizada desde esta concepción, la evaluación formativa se convierte en un indicador que facilitará viabilizar estas nuevas exigencias permitiendo conjugar la masividad con la calidad. Desde este análisis, el presente artículo aborda la relación que se establece entre este componente didáctico del currículo y los procesos de calidad en la universidad del siglo XXI. Se toma como contexto de referencia el modelo de la semipresencialidad en el nuevo escenario de la Educación Universitaria cubana; la Universalización.
Líneas de investigación del juego motor y modelos de estudio en el ámbito de la Educación Física española (1990-2007)
Authors: Navarro Adelantado Vicente
Published: October 2022

El artículo repasa la trayectoria de la investigación acerca del juego motor y los modelos de análisis actuales en España, desde el campo de conocimiento de la Educación Física. En primer lugar, los autores sitúan los problemas del conocimiento lúdico en la realidad española y cómo se fueron definiendo las distintas líneas de investigación, así como el espacio que ocupan los modelos que toman como referente el juego motor, y cómo éstos definen, a su vez, una manera de orientar el empleo del juego con propósitos bien diferenciados. Seguidamente, los autores desarrollan de forma más exhaustiva el contenido de investigaciones relevantes en cada una de las líneas de investigación. En definitiva, se trata de un documento que da a conocer, de manera precisa, el estado de la investigación española en un aspecto específico del comportamiento lúdico.
¿Son conscientes los profesores de secundaria de los recursos comunicativos verbales y no-verbales que emplean en el aula?
Authors: Fernández Inmaculada , Cuadrado Isabel
Published: October 2022

Este trabajo analiza el grado de conciencia e intencionalidad que poseen los docentes de secundaria sobre sus mecanismos comunicacionales, verbales y no-verbales, orientados a facilitar el aprendizaje de los contenidos curriculares y promover un clima de aula emocionalmente positivo. Para ello se ha recurrido a la captación de los datos a través de la observación con videograbaciones, entrevistas y cuestionarios para proceder posteriormente al análisis y triangulación de los mismos. Los resultados obtenidos indican que sólo en momentos puntuales los profesores emplean estratégicamente sus comportamientos comunicativos y que este uso, en general, se centra en conductas verbales en detrimento de las no-verbales, que les resultan más difíciles de detectar, decodificar e interpretar.