bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Præventive potentialer – Populærkulturens overvejelser om overvågning
Authors: Hansen Lone Koefoed , Gad Christopher
Published: May 2019

This article uses the movie Minority Report (2002) as an entry point for discussing conceptions of surveillance technologies and their preventive capacities. The technological research project Intelligent Surveillance Systems located in Belfast shares a vision with MR: that it is possible to construct surveillance systems that are able to foresee criminal acts and thus to prevent them from happening. We argue that the movie exemplifies that technological development and popular culture share dreams, ideas and visions and that on a very basic level, popular culture informs technological development and vice versa. The article explores this relation and argues that popular culture provides analytic insight on important discussions about surveillance and the (future) capacities of technology.
Kulturkritik på økologisk grundlag – Villy Sørensens naturbegreb
Authors: Støvring Kasper
Published: May 2019

In the Danish philosopher Villy Sørensen’s writings an ecological cultural criticism is articulated that is of relevance for the current debate on the relationship between nature, criticism and politics. This article investigates Sørensen’s critique of modern culture which is perceived as a culture without a common goal. It is argued that Sørensen in his philosophical writings presents a solution to the cultural crisis, namely the articulation of a concept of nature that can serve as the foundation for a culture and a society with a unifying goal, namely the utopia that Sørensen articulates in Oprør fra midten [Revolt from the Centre] from 1978.
Fra Perikles til Platon – Fra demokratisk politisk praksis til totalitær politisk filosofi
Authors: Larsen Øjvind
Published: May 2019

Plato is normally taken as one of the founders of Western political philosophy, not at least with his Republic. Here, he constructs a hierarchy of forms of governments, beginning with aristocracy at the top as a critical standard for the other forms of governments, and proceeding through timocracy and oligarchy to democracy and tyranny at the bottom. Following Karl Popper, the article argues that Plato’s political philosophy is a totalitarian philosophy that emphasizes the similarities between democracy and tyranny, which it considers to be the two worst forms of government. Plato’s denigration of democracy has dominated the tradition of political philosophy until recent times. This article, however, shows that political philosophy in fact originates in democracy, especially as developed by the sophists, and that philosophy is only a form of sophism with a similar origin in ancient Greek democracy. A discussion of Pericles’ funeral oration is used to show that Pericles presented a democratic political philosophy that can serve as a counterpoint to Plato’s political philosophy in the Republic.
Habermas mellem moderne og postmoderne fornuft
Authors: Bornedahl Peter
Published: May 2019

Postmodernitetens paradigme Passiviteten i genkomsttænkningen, fataliteten i værens-filosofien eller ikke-mundaniteten i skrift-tænkningen er tre store filosofi­ske eksempler på teorier som har resigneret overfor realiteten, og som ikke har den politiske omvæltning eller reformation på programmet.
Om Gud og de gode ideer
Authors: Jensen Hans Jørgen Lundager
Published: May 2019

- en bemærkning fra slagmarkens tilskuerpladser
Komplementaritet og information i biologien
Authors: Emmeche Claus
Published: May 2019

Bohr filosoferede. For vildt, ville nogen synes. Som det fremgår af Peter Øhrstrøms artikel i Slagmark 5 prøvede Bohr at anvende sine indsigter fra fysikken og sit komplementaritetsprincip på områder, hvor det ikke umiddelbart hørte hjemme, på fænomener som bevidsthed og liv i biologisk forstand.
Historiefag og historiepolitik
Authors: Jensen Bernard Eric
Published: May 2019

The article outlines how Danish academic historians have sought to handle questions concerning a politics of history – i.e. is it legitimate to use the writing of history for the purpose of pursuing presentday political goals? Three different ways of handling that issue are described, and it is argued that academic historians need to develop a more reflective and selfcritical approach to the task of writing history.
Redaktionelt forord - den slovenske skole
Authors: Eggers Nicolai Von , Hansen Brian Benjamin
Published: May 2019

Med dette nummer om ’Den slovenske skole’ giver Slagmark den første bredere introduktion til den slovenske tænkning for et nordisk publikum. Den slovenske skoles frække dreng og mest prominente filosof, Slavoj Žižek, vil måske være kendt for de fleste, men nummeret behandler også den alvidende klasselærer, Mladen Dolar, og skolens nye superelev, Alenka Zupančič
At overskride mennesket – Interview med Francis Fukuyarma om transhumanisme
Authors: Bek-Thomsen Jakob , Lassen Frank , Thorup Mikkel
Published: May 2019

The interview with the American political scientist Francis Fukuyama deals with what he once called ‘the most dangerous idea in the world’, namely transhumanism. Transhumanism is the intentional redesign of the human body to make it faster, smarter and healthier, ultimately to free it from the constraints of a corporeal existence and to live forever. Fukuyama is asked to reflect on the philosophical, moral and political dilemmas of the new technologies for designing human life and on the failed opportunities of not engaging oneself as individual and community in these new opportunities.
Åbningen af et filosofisk rum – Interview med Slavoj Žižek
Authors: Daly Glyn
Published: May 2019

In this interview with Glyn Daly, Slavoj Žižek talks about the birth of ‘The Society for Theoretical Psychoanalysis’, and his own overall philosophical approach. He touches upon his intellectual relationship to thinkers such as Martin Heidegger, Jacques Derrida, Immanuel Kant and of course Jacques Lacan. His sources of inspiration are not only these great theorists, but also his four year long day job as a minute taker for the Yugoslavian communist party, and his personal relationship to Jacques-Alain Miller who gives him his psychoanalytical upbringing.Oversat af Nicklas Weis Damkjær
Forbrugerfeminisme – uddrag fra Den éndimensionale kvinde
Authors: Power Nina
Published: May 2019

Where have all the interesting women gone? If the contemporary portrayal of womankind were to be believed, contemporary female achievement would culminate in the ownership of expensive handbags, a vibrator, a job, a flat and a man. Of course, no one has to believe the TV shows, the magazines and adverts, and many don’t. But how has it come to this? Did the desires of twentieth-century women’s liberation achieve their fulfillment in the shopper’s paradise of ‘naughty’ self-pampering, playboy bunny pendants and bikini waxes? That the height of supposed female emancipation coincides so perfectly with consumerism is a miserable index of a politically desolate time. Much contemporary feminism, particularly in its American formulation, doesn’t seem too concerned about this coincidence. This excerpt from Nina Power’s One-dimensional woman is an attack on the apparent abdication of any systematic political thought on the part of today’s positive, up-beat feminists.
Kan et privat firma føre en retfærdig krig? - Hugo Grotius og det Hollandske Østasiatiske Kompagni
Authors: Jessen Mathias Hein
Published: May 2019

Hugo Grotius wrote some of his earlier works—the De jure praedae and the Mare Liberum— on direct commission from the United Dutch East India Company (VOC) that sought to legitimize the attack on the Portuguese carrack Sta. Catarina and their continued (violent) expansion to the markets of Southeast-Asia. In the process, Grotius establishes the company as a distinct actor who can wage a just war in a state of nature, and as a subject of its home state. In this article, it is shown how Grotius thoughts on just war, sovereignty, natural law and property were developed while defending both the Dutch right to free trade and the right of United Netherland to wage a just war against their oppressor, the King of Spain and Portugal. But what was stated as the right of all to free trade and to the freedom of the seas also became a powerful argument for the continued violent commercial expansion of the Dutch and the Europeans.
Karl Polanyi og utopien om det fri marked - en introduktion til Karl Polanyis The Great Transformation
Authors: Christensen Christian O.
Published: May 2019

This article offers the first comprehensive introduction to Karl Polanyi’s The Great Transformation (TGT) from 1944 written in Danish. Relatively unnoticed by the time of its publication, TGT has since received widespread attention, especially after the rise of economic globalisation and neo-liberal policies. The thesis of TGT is that the great wars and crisis of Western civilization in the 20th century should be seen against the backdrop of the 19th century’s liberal civilisation. Polanyi argues that the attempt to create a liberal, free market world order was crucial for the later breakdown of Western civilization. Polanyi’s concept of a ‘double movement’ traces the historical dialectic between the creation of free markets, and the reactions against these. Central to the legacy of Polanyi is his concept of ‘embeddedness’, which has become a key concept in economic sociology. Whereas before 19th century liberal civilization, economic relationships and markets were ‘embedded’ in social relationships, 19th century ‘liberal utopia’ was an attempt to embed societies into markets. In this ‘master narrative’ of Western civilization, Polanyi traces the historical trajectory of the market, its intellectual history, and its historical significance. The article introduces mainthemes of TGT and the reception of TGT. At the end, it briefly sketches a ‘Polanyian’ account of the world financial crisis of 2008.
Sikkerhed, sprog og ret
Authors: Ugilt Rasmus
Published: May 2019

The article discusses the theoretical differences of Schmitt and Agamben and argues that, even though Agamben is clearly inspired by the German jurist, crucial points are lost if one does not take care to notice the crucial differences between them. Schmitt’s idea that sovereignty is a paradox is shared by Agamben, but the latter draws quite different consequences from this idea than does the former. What distinguishes Agamben from Schmitt can be described as a certain form of inactivity of power. It is in the question about the activity and the inactivity of power that the theoretical discussion about the two thinkers is to be settled. I argue that this should lead us to choose Agamben ahead of Schmitt as our theoretical guide to the juridico-political situation we find ourselves in 10 years after 9/11.
At genplacere den moderne stat - Guvernementalitet og de politiske idéers historie
Authors: Saar Martin
Published: May 2019

Michel Foucault never wrote very comprehensively about his method in regards to his approach to the history of political ideas and the emergence of the modern state, something he most explicitly tried to do in the two lectures which he himself termed ’a history of governmentality’, Security, Territory, Population (1977-78) and The Birth of Biopolitics (1978-79). This article treats these reflections as a ’methodological promise’ and seeks to reconstruct a Foucauldianapproach to the history of political ideas from the role Foucault himself believed the ’history of governmentality’ should play. Foucault’s approach proves to be a distinct way of studying the history of political ideas as an alternative to, and in some ways superior to, both the more traditional ways of doing the history of political ideas as well as newer attempts such as intellectual history and conceptual history. In the special way it looks at the history of political thought, Foucault’s approach can go much further than the other alternatives.
For en ikke-instrumentell bruk av historien
Authors: Lillebø Jonas , Vik Bjørnar Mortensen
Published: May 2019

The aim of this article is a critical reflection on how Michel Foucault ‘uses history’ in his writings. Our main points are the following: On the one hand, the historical material is critical for the theoretical developments of Foucault. On the other hand, it is impossible to reduce the historical material to given facts. To validate these points, we have tried to unite two relatively new interpretations of Foucault’s work. First, the concept of ‘retroduction’, as it is developed by Jason Glynos and David Howarth (2007), will be used as a fitting description of the relationship between the empirical and theoretical dimensions of Foucault’s work. Then we will further elaborate on this ‘way of working’ by employing Judith Revel’s highlighting of the concept ‘problematization’ in her recent commentaries on Foucault. These two points are united in a demonstration of how the ‘foreign material’ in Foucault’s historical analyses generates movement in his thought and demands the construction of new and fitting analytical concepts. By all this we aim to demonstrate a specific ‘use of history’ in Foucault’s work; a use of history that isn’t instrumental to his theoretical aims but rather a generative and retroductive use of history that is conditional for his theoretical developments.
Hvad er oplysning?
Authors: Foucault Michel
Published: May 2019

”What is enlightenment” was originally a lecture Foucault gave at the Collège de France on January 5, 1983. It was published for the first time in The Foucault Reader (1984) and subsequently in the French journal Magazine litteraire in May 1984. Immanuel Kant’s question ”What is enlightenment?” was something that interested Foucault deeply in the last years of his life. Supposedly, he also suggested a smaller conference to discuss the question 200 years after Kant for the first time had tried to answer it in 1784 but the conference never materialized. In this article Foucault reflects on the human being and its relationship to itself as a historical being and how Kant’s text about enlightenment is a question of the present. Enlightenment is to Kant the moment when humanity puts its own reason to use without subjecting itself to authority and to Foucault, Kant’s characterization is an outline of the attitude of modernity and modern philosophy as a way of answering the question: what is enlightenment? To Foucault, this becomes a question of enlightenment and modernity as a permanent critique of the present and of our historical era. This philosophical stance represents a certain attitude, an ethos, where the critique of what we are is at the same time a historical analysis of the limits which are imposed on us and an experiment with the possibility of transgressing them.
Den neoliberale guvernementalitet, biopolitik og teologi - Interview med Thomas Biebricher
Authors: Eggers Nicolai Von
Published: May 2019

In this interview, professor Thomas Biebricher discusses the meaning of Michel Foucault’s notion of ‘governmentality’ by investigating different aspects of ‘neoliberalism’, here understood as a tradition of thought going back to the Mont Pelerin Society. Biebricher first discusses the initial reception of Foucault in Germany and then goes on to talk about some of the initial features of neoliberalism including its biopolitics, its governmentality, and its theological elements. During this discussion, Biebricher also touches upon methodological questions in engaging with Foucault and upon how this relates to political theory and approaches focusing more on institutionalism.
Den kognitiva vändningen - Idéhistoria och det mänskliga tänkandets historia
Authors: Dunér David
Published: May 2019

The last two decades have seen a noticeable increase in cognitive science studies that has changed the understanding of human thinking. Historians cannot ignore this any more. Cognitive history could be explained as the study of how humans in history used their cognitive abilities in order to understand the worldaround them and to orient themselves in it, but also how the world outside their bodies affected their way of thinking. In focus in this article is the relation between history and cognition, the human mind’s interaction with the environment in time and space. I will especially discuss certain cognitive abilities in interaction with the environment, which can be studied in the historical sources, and be put to the test, namely: embodied mind, situated cognition,perception, distributed cognition, conceptual metaphors, and communication. I also give concrete empirical examples of how a cognitive-historical analysis can provide more fundamental explanations for what happens in cultural encounters, when a human being meets another and tries to understand another cultureor another foreign environment. By these cognitive theories we can come closer to an understanding of how (not only what) people thought, and study the interaction between the human mind and the surrounding world. The most ambitious aim of such a cognitive history could be, in the long run, to also informthe research on the cognitive evolution of the human mind.
"Usandheden må leves" - Genoptagelsen af Kierkegaard i eksistentialismen
Authors: Hackel Manuela
Published: May 2019

Kierkegaard is the ‘father’ of existentialism. This claim, however, seems to be a contradiction in terms. The first part of the paper offers a fundamental reflection on the question of whether a subjective thinking like Kierkegaard’s can survive his death and in what form. In its second part, the paper inquires into the concrete reception of Kierkegaard’s thinking in the atheistic branch of existentialism (Sartre, Beauvoir, Camus). The paper will examine how Kierkegaard’s fundamental themes and concepts such as understanding, freedom/choice, des-pair, and anxiety are appropriated and transformed on the basis of a changed historical and philosophical situation. It will be argued that it is only in this way that the reception of Kierkegaard will avoid being a hollow repetition and be a lively conversation.
Whistleblower-ordninger - Offentlighed, kritik og risikohåndtering
Authors: Du Plessis Erik Mygind
Published: May 2019

This article outlines how whistleblowing is understood and facilitated in an organizational context, with special emphasis on so-called whistleblower systems’, which have become increasingly widespread during the last decade. The main argument of the article is that these whistleblower systems represent an innovation in the interpretation of the term ‘whistleblowing’ in an organizational context. Whereas the term since the 1970’s has been interpreted in light of concepts stemming from western political tradition such as critique, individual freedom, enlightenment and the public, and thus represented an attempt to enhance the public’s knowledge of organizational activities, whistleblowing is today also increasingly interpreted as an organizational tool for risk-management aimed at avoiding public exposure and ensuring the smooth and effective running of the organization. To support this argument, the article draws on descriptions of whistleblower systems from the databases of the Danish National Data Protection Agency (Datatilsynet) as well as from external operators who provide Danish organizations with solutions for establishing and operating these systems.
’Sandheden vil sætte os fri’ - Konspirationsteori som demokratisk praksis
Authors: Thorup Mikkel
Published: May 2019

The article unfolds a critical analysis and discussion of innovation as a concept of change in the public sector on the basis of the prevalent understandings of innovation found in research literature and political strategies. It is demonstrated that existing concepts of innovation deemphasize the particular public and democratic dimensions of the public sector, and it is argued that this is problematic from a democratic perspective. The article encourages a rethinking of the innovation concept in a way that breaks with the inheritance from economic innovation theory and a formulation of an innovation theory that has political philosophical concepts such as rights, due process and democracy in focus.
Middelalderens renæssance i 70’erne og 80’erne eller: Tristan og Isolde er stadig unge
Authors: Kjær Jonna
Published: May 2019

I det sidste 10-år har der været et bemærkelsesværdigt opsving i det brede publikums interesse for middelalderperioden. Dette gælder så vel for historiske fremstillinger (1) som for skønlitterære tekster, der i disse år i forrygende tal og tempo oversættes til de moderne hovedsprog (2).
Aben i filosofiens troldtræ
Authors: Damkjær Søren
Published: May 2019

Peter Sloterdijks opgør med modernitetens metafysik.
Kampen om sammenhængskraften - En analyse af begrebet sammenhængskraft i den offentlige debat fra 1994 til 2010
Authors: Peters Rikke Alberg
Published: May 2019

This article addresses the Danish concept ‘sammenhængskraft’ (social cohesion) in its shifting articulations in the Danish public debate from 1994-2010. By combining a discursive analytical approach with Reinhart Koselleck’s notion of asymmetric counterconcepts it is demonstrated how the concept is embedded in various political discourses. Through this process, which is described as a semantic battle, it gradually changes its meaning from an open social political concept used in particular when discussing future socio political challenges in the well fare state to a national conservative – and defensive – key concept. It is argued that when usedin a political conflict as a conceptual tool with which to fight the enemy the term ‘sammenhængskraft’ creates disintegration rather than cohesion.
Twitter-revolutioner og fejlslagne protestbevægelser:
Authors: Peters Rikke Alberg
Published: May 2019

This article explores the interesting connection between social movements and new social media also referred to as web 2.0. It is argued that the public as well as parts of the scientific debate about the impact of new media on social change is to a large degree dominated by two rigid camps, namely Internet-utopians on the one side and Internet-sceptics on the other side. Both positions tend to degenerate into technological determinism. Furthermore, they ignore the long tradition for the critical study of alternative media and their role as critical and oppositional communication tools for social movements. In order to analyse how social movements challenge dominant and hegemonic worldviews, the article calls for a socially oriented media theory with a sensibility for analytical concepts and frameworks. Such a theoretical and contextual framework can be used in order to produce empirically based insights into the relation between protest movements, social media use and actual political change.
At tænke på de aktuelle grænser
Authors: Schmidt Lars-Henrik
Published: May 2019

Hos filosoffer, idehistorikere og andre intellektuelle, som ser en opgave i at deltage i den såkaldte offentlige debat, sker der en betænkelig professionalisering. Humanistiske videnskabsmænd stil­ler deres ekspertise til rådighed og besvarer spørgsmål om værdi­er og grænser. I et forsøg på at belyse hvad der sker her og nu, kan det måske være nyttigt at se på et herostratisk berømt svar på et spørgsmål stillet til den lærde offentlighed.
Fire poetiske formuleringer, der kunne sammenfatte den kantianske filosofi
Authors: Deleuze Gilles
Published: May 2019

Den første er Hamlets berømte formulering, The time is out of joint! At tiden er out of joint er det samme som døren, der er faldet af sine hængsler.
Forvaltningen af det bestående:
Authors: Jessen Mathias Hein
Published: May 2019

The article investigates Giorgio Agamben’s turn to, and radicalization of, Foucault’s concept of governmentality, which Agamben argues constitutes a ’decisive point’ in the Homo sacer-series. The article shows that in the investigation of the Trinitarian oikonomia, Agamben finds the point of intersection between the ‘totalizing procedures’ of the state and ‘individualizing techniques’ of biopolitics thereby disclosing the ‘zone of indistinction’ between sovereignty and government and politics and economy, which constitutes power in the West. Furthermore, the article argues that Agamben shows how the economy is not something distinct from politics, encroaching on its logic, but rather how the governmental paradigm of the West constitutes the continual administration of the given, the continual and perpetual government of the economy and thereby of the existing economic and political power-relations.
Indledende note om demokrati-begrebet
Authors: Agamben Giorgio , Eggers Nicolai Von
Published: May 2019

In this text, Giorgio Agamben argues that the concept of democracy attests to a political, ontological amphibology: on the one side, democracy describes a constitution of a political order (and in this sense it belongs to public law); on the other side, democracy is a certain form of administration (in which case it belongs to administrative practice). It is argued that this amphibology can be located in the political theories of Aristotle and Jean-Jacques Rousseau who have been instrumental in forming our present conception of politics. Consequently, we misunderstand the fundamental nature of politics, and any hopes of genuine political life must therefore break with this tradition of Western political philosophy.
Validación del cuestionario de atribuciones para la detección de coincidencias en trabajos académicos
Authors: Muñoz-Cantero Jesús-Miguel , Rebollo-Quintela Nuria , Mosteiro-García Josefa , Ocampo-Gómez Camilo-Isaac
Published: May 2019

El plagio como tópico de investigación en el contexto universitario no ha cesado de ser una preocupación constante debido a sus múltiples repercusiones. El presente estudio describe el proceso seguido en la validación del Cuestionario de atribuciones para la detección de coincidencias en trabajos académicos (CUDECO), cuya finalidad es evaluar la relevancia que tiene citar correctamente y detectar las causas que llevan a cometer plagio. A partir de una muestra de 2,331 estudiantes, se realiza un análisis de la fiabilidad como consistencia interna y un análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) del instrumento. El análisis de la fiabilidad lleva a proponer un reajuste en el cuestionario inicialmente diseñado y el estudio factorial sugiere una estructura configurada por cinco factores: concepto de plagio y sus tipos (parcial y total), causas que motivan la comisión del mismo tanto internas (propias del sujeto) como externas (ajenas al sujeto) y las actitudes del grupo de iguales hacia el plagio, hallazgos en la línea de investigaciones previas.
СРПСКО РУКОПИСНО НАСЉЕЂЕ О МАНАСТИРУ ГНИОНИЦИ
Authors: ГАВРАНОВИЋ ДАНИЛО
Published: May 2019

Историјат манастира Гнионице до данас је готово у потпу-ности непознат. Народно предање сачувало је само помен о имену манастира и претпоставку о мјесту његовог постојања. У раду су сабрана и анализирана постојећа народна предања о овом манастиру, а на основу нових, до сада непо-знатих историјских података, историјат манастира стављен је у реалне историј-ске оквире. Представљени су и анализирани подаци из рукописног Поменика – Проскомидије манастира Ораховице (XVI в.) и рукописне књиге Паренесис Јефрема Сирина из 1629. године.
БИЉЕШКЕ О ДЈЕЧИЈИМ ЗАРАЗНИМ БОЛЕСТИМА У ''ЉЕТОПИСУ'' МУЛА МУСТАФЕ БАШЕСКИЈЕ
Authors: ЛУЖИЈА СТОЈАНКА
Published: May 2019

Сарајевски љетописац Мула Мустафа Башескија оставио је у свом дјелу свједочанство о свакодневном животу становника Сарајева и уже градске околине у другој половини XVIII вијека. У овом раду ћемо пажњу обратити само на његове записе о заразним болестима, и то онима које су пога-ђале дјечију популацију у граду Сарајеву.
ПРИЛОЗИ ЗА БИОГРАФИЈУ ЈОВАНА БИЈЕЛИЋА
Authors: СМИЉАНИЋ АРАНЂЕЛ
Published: May 2019

Рад доноси неколико прилога за биографију познатог слика-ра Јована Бијелића. У уводном дијелу рјешава се питање времена и мјеста рође-ња Јована Бијелића, с обзиром на различите податаке о томе у разним и број-ним публикацијама у којима је обрађиван његов лик и дјело. Централни и нај-већи дио рада доноси необјављене архивске документе с краја 1915. године, када је, тада још увијек млад и непознат сликар, Јован Бијелић упутио молбу аустроугарским војним властима у Босни и Херцеговини да му одобре одлазак на југозападно ратиште у својству ратног сликара. Његова молба није сачувана, али зато јесу два документа аустроугарских власти из којих сазнајемо каква је била њихова одлука по том питању. Завршни дио рада говори о посљедњој посјети Јована Бијелића родном селу, и то на основу усмене изјаве особе која се и данас сјећа тог догађаја.
ЗАНАТСКА ДЈЕЛАТНОСТ НА СРЕЗУ БОСАНСКА ГРАДИШКА – ПОЧЕТАК РАДА СРЕСКЕ ЗАНАТСКЕ КОМОРЕ БОСАНСКА ГРАДИШКА
Authors: ИВАНИЋ МИРЈАНА
Published: May 2019

У раду се дају основни подаци о стању занатске дјелатности након ослобођења територије Среза Босанска Градишка у 1945. години, о активностима Среског народног одбора Босанска Градишка на обнови рада занатских радњи, о попису и евиденцији занатских радњи приватног, државног и задружног сектора, о питању ревизије овлашћења и дозвола за рад занатских радњи, о припремама за оснивање и почетак рада Среске занатске коморе у Босанској Градишци у 1950. години, о укидању Удружења занатлија у Босан-ској Градишци, о примјени Општег закона о занатству и Закона о занатству НР БиХ и других прописа, а даје се и осврт на основне одредбе Статута Среске занатске коморе у Босанској Градишци.Рад је настао коришћењем архивске грађе фонда Срески народни одбор Босанска Градишка и законских и других прописа који су регулисали занатску дјелатност.
ЕКУМЕНСКА ДЈЕЛАТНОСТ ЕПИСКОПА БАЊАЛУЧКОГ И СРЕМСКОГ ДР АНДРЕЈА (ФРУШИЋА) У ВРИЈЕМЕ УПРАВЉАЊА БАЊАЛУЧКОМ ЕПАРХИЈОМ (1961–1980)
Authors: ЈОВИЋ ПЛАТОН
Published: May 2019

Иако је био православни епископ у Босанској Крајини не тако давно (прије 37 година), др Андреј (Фрушић) је мало познат широј јавно-сти. Поред неизмјерног пастирског труда, који се огледа у обнови правовјерја међу народом, рукополагању нових свештеника и попуњавању упражњених парохија, обнови и изградњи црквених објеката, остао је запамћен и његов богат екуменски рад. Значај овог јерарха за помирења народа, стварање добрих односа међу припадницима традиционалних вјероисповиједања овога краја и његов прегалачки рад на усађивању у православни народ јеванђеoске истине о праштању кроз понављање народне пословице ‒ брат је мио ма које вјере био ‒ историја ће тек оцијенити, а овим радом желимо дати допринос томе.
СЛОБОДА СТОДЕСЕТОДИШЊИЦЕ КОЧИЋЕВЕ ''ОТАЏБИНЕ'' У ДВАДЕСЕТПЕТОГОДИШЊИЦИ РЕПУБЛИКЕ СРПСКЕ
Authors: МИКИЋ ЂОРЂЕ
Published: May 2019

Свако слово, свака ријеч, сваки лист, сваки број Кочићеве ''Отаџбине'', сваки сарадник и читалац овог патриотског листа, сваки дан у стодесетогоди-шњици узидани су у Републику Српску и њено двадесетпетогодишње постоја-ње. И Кочићева ''Отаџбина'' и Република Српска заједнички значе слободу. Кочић је Слободи ''Отаџбине'' посветио ове снажне ријечи: ''Са твојих као крв црвених усана вјечито струје и шуме слатке и опојне ријечи, које вјековима из темеља потресају, које прегажено робље до уздрхталог заноса усхићују... Вје-кови би потамњели, народи би подивљали, да високо не сија звијезда Твоја''.
Драган Шућур, Српска православна црква у Босни и Херцеговини 1945–1958., Бања Лука 2016, 553 стр.
Authors: ЛОЗО ПРЕДРАГ
Published: May 2019

Српска православна црква најважнија је институција заслужна за изградњу и очување српског националног идентитета и онога што Срби данас јесу као народ. Прошло је скоро пуних осам вијекова од успостављања српске архиепископије. Баш од тога времена постоје и епархије на територијима сред-њовјековних српских држава Босне и Хума. На територијама које је краљев-ском круном наткрилио насљедник Немањића Твртко Котроманић у Милеше-ви, над кивотом Светог Саве, као и на територијама херцега Шћепана Косаче који се, такође симболички и духовно, везао за Светог Саву. Српска православ-на црква заједно са својим народом прошла је, поред османске окупације и аустроугарског расрбљавања територија Босне и Херцегеовине, до данас разна искушења у бурним историјским временима.
Јирген Кока, Историја капитализма, Клио, Београд 2016, стр. 136
Authors: ВУЧКОВИЋ АЛЕКСАНДАР
Published: May 2019

Јирген Кока је професор емеритус, који је својевремено предавао Исто-рију индустријског свијета на Слободном универзитету у Берлину. Репутацију је стекао проучавајући социјалну историју и данас важи за једног од најзначај-нијих историчара који се баве том граном историјског истраживања. У периоду од 2001. до 2007. године руководио је Берлинским центром за друштвене нау-ке. Аутор је и коаутор многих стручних радова и студија које се баве социјал-ном историјом XX вијека. Мотиви за писање ове студије произлазе из све зна-чајнијег актуелизовања појма капитализма у свјетским круговима након избија-ња финансијске кризе из 2008. године. Књига Јиргена Коке Историја капита-лизма је своје прво издање доживјела 2014. године у Њемачкој. Пред читаоци-ма на српском језику налази се прво издање, које је са њемачког језика превела Маја Матић.
Python in proteomics
Authors: Rost Hannes L
Published: May 2019

Python is a versatile scripting language that is widely used in industry and academia. In bioinformatics, there are multiple packages supporting data analysis with Python that range from biological sequence analysis with Biopython to structural modeling and visualization with packages like PyMOL and PyRosetta, to numerical computation and advanced plotting with NumPy/SciPy. In the proteomics community, Python began to be widely used around 2012 when several mature Python packages were published including pymzML, Pyteomics and pyOpenMS. This has led to an ever-increasing interest in the Python programming language in the proteomics and mass spectrometry community. The number of publications referencing or using Python has risen eight fold since 2012 (compared with the same time period before 2012), with multiple open-source Python packages now supporting mass spectrometric data analysis and processing. Computing and data analysis in mass spectrometry is very diverse and in many cases must be tailored to a specific experiment. Often, multiple analysis steps have to be performed (identification, quantification, post-translational modification analysis, filtering, FDR analysis etc.) in an analysis pipeline, which requires high flexibility in the analysis. This is where Python truly shines, due to its flexibility, visualization capabilities and the ability to extend computation with a large number of powerful libraries. Python can be used to quickly prototype software, combine existing libraries into powerful analysis workflows while avoiding the trap of re- inventing the wheel for a new project.

Here, we will describe data analysis with Python using the pyOpenMS package. An extended documentation and tutorial can also be found online at https://pyopenms.readthedocs.io. To allow the reader to follow all steps in the tutorial, we will also describe the installation process of the software. Our installation is based on Anaconda, an open- source Python distribution that includes the Spyder integrated development environment (IDE) that allows development with pyOpenMS in a graphical environment.
Identification of RyR2-PBmice and the effects of transposon insertional mutagenesis of the RyR2 gene on cardiac function in mice
Authors: Wang Qianqian , Wang Chao , Wang Bo , Shen Qirui , Qiu Leilei , Zou Shuaijun , Wang Tao , Liu Guoyan , Wang Beilei , Zhang Liming
Published: May 2019

Ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) plays an important role in maintaining the normal heart function, and mutantions can lead to arrhythmia, heart failure and other heart diseases. In this study, we successfully identified a piggyBac translocated RyR2 gene heterozygous mouse model (RyR2-PBmice) by tracking red fluorescent protein (RFP) and genotyping PCR. Cardiac function tests showed that there was no significant difference between the RyR2-PBmice and corresponding wild-type mice (WTmice), regardless of whether they were in the basal state or injected with epinephrine and caffeine. However, the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ content was significantly reduced in the cardiomyocytes of RyR2-PBmice as assessed by measuring caffeine-induced [Ca2+]i transients; the cardiac muscle tissue of RyR2-PBmice displayed significant mitochondrial swelling and focal dissolution of mitochondrial cristae, and the tissue ATP content in the RyR2-PBmice heart was significantly reduced. To further analyze the molecular mechanism behind these changes, we tested the expression levels of related proteins using RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. The mRNA level of RyR2 in RyR2-PBmice cardiac tissue decreased significantly compared with the WTmice, and the protein expression associated with the respiratory chain was also downregulated. These results suggested that the piggyBac transposon inserted into the RyR2 gene substantively affected the structure and function of mitochondria in the mouse cardiomyocytes, leading to disorders of energy metabolism.
Challenges Facing Teaching and Learning of English Language in Public Secondary Schools in Enugu State Nigeria
Authors: Mercy N. Ogbonna
Published: May 2019

English language is the official language in Nigeria. The teaching and learning of English is important for Nigerian students especially at the secondary school level. However, several factors have led to mass failure of the subject by students at this level. This study sought to examine the challenges to effective teaching and learning of English language in secondary schools in Enugu state. The specific objectives included identifying the government factors; student based factors; teachers’ related factors and school administration/management based factors that contribute to the challenges. The study adopted survey research method and hundred questionnaires were used. Data were analysed with the use of descriptive statistics (percentages and mean). Respondents agreed that government based challenges included heavy workload and curriculum (=2.9) and do not provide sufficient learning materials (=2.6). The students based challenges included anxiety and fear for the subject (=2.7) and scarce English practice (=2.7). Teachers based challenges were not good qualification (=2.9) and lack of adequate teaching methods and instructional materials (=2.8). The school administration based factors included poor planning of learning structures (=2.9) and provision of malfunctioning or inappropriate curriculum (=2.9). Government is recommended to provide less workload, relevant curriculum, sufficient learning materials and adequate training for the teachers among others.
Influence of Different ‘Prata-Anã’ Banana Bunch Ages on Post-Harvest Quality
Authors: Coelho de Queiroz Lorena Gabriela , Oliveira de Jesus Mariana , Aguiar Flávia Soares , Paraizo Eliene Almeida , Soares Marcela De Castro , Da Silva Pinheiro Juceliandy Mendes , Mizobutsi Gisele Polete , Mendes Rodrigues Maria Luisa , Santos Thais Cristina
Published: May 2019

Objective: To determine the ideal harvest season of ‘Prata-Anã’ banana bunches by means of physical and chemical analyses of fruit cultivation conditions in the northern state of Minas Gerais.

Study Design: The employed experimental design was the completely randomized design was used in a 5x5 factorial scheme, with five bunch ages and five assessment days.

Study Location and Duration: The experiment was run in an area with banana trees planted 20 months beforehand, located at Unimontes’s Experimental Farm, at 530 m of altitude, with coordinates being -15°43’46.99” south latitude and -43°19’17.61”west longitude, between April and November 2017.

Methodology: The bananas bunches the were marked weekly from April 14 to May 12, and week days were standardized for each marking. Five bunch ages were defined – 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20 weeks after inflorescence emission – for harvest. For differentiation of emerged bunches, tapes of different color were used. When the bunches marked in the first week completed 20 weeks, all bunches were harvested, which happened on September 1. After harvested the fruits were subjected to storage in refrigerated chamber at 10°C ± 1°C and relative humidity of 90% +5% for 25 days. After being stored for 25 days, the bananas were taken out of the chamber and exposed to a room temperature of 25°C, which analyzes were performed for 9 days, with a two-day interval in between, simulating the marketing period. The following analyses were carried out: Firmness, peel color, soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, amide, total sugars, reducing sugars and electrolyte extravasation.

Results: Lower hue, chroma, soluble solids, titratable acidity, total sugar, reducing sugar and electrolyte extravasation values were found for bananas harvested at 16 weeks.

Conclusion: Bunch harvest age had a direct influence on post-harvest quality of bananas ‘Prata-Anã’. Fruits from 16-week bunches were superior in physical and chemical characteristics compared to other ages, meaning a longer post-harvest life.
Potential Use of Eucalyptus Seedling in Recycling of Fish Farming Wastewater in Agriculture
Authors: Paulus Dalva , Toffoli Ezequiel , Eduardo Pereira Ramos Celso , Moura Claúdia de Andrade , Becker Dislaine , Francio Iara Emanoely
Published: May 2019

Aims: The reuse of fish wastewater in agricultural activities such as the production of seedlings in commercial nurseries has great potential to minimize production costs and to reduce environmental impacts due to the inappropriate disposal of this waste. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth, development and quality of Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden seedlings produced with different wastewater concentrations from fish farming.

Study Design:  The fertigation treatments were using fish farming (Tilapia) wastewater from tanks (FW), daily nutrient solution (DNS), and the combinations of 50% FW + 50% DNS, and 25% DNS + 75% FW, applied daily.

Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was carried out from August to December 2016 at the Federal University of Technology of Paraná, Brazil.

Methodology: The macro and micronutrient contents in leaf tissue, seedling height, stem diameter, the largest root length, leaf area, fresh and dry shoot and root mass and Dickson quality index were all evaluated.

Results: The nutrient contents present in the leaf tissue were adequate for the nutritional demand of the eucalyptus. The seedling quality index (DQI) indicated that the daily nutrient solution (0.21) and 50% FW + 50% DNS (0.20) generated balanced seedlings regarding height and biomass accumulation.

Conclusion: Fertigation of eucalyptus seedlings can be carried out with wastewater from fish farming, but it is necessary to complement the fertilization with other nutrient sources to produce quality seedlings which are suitable for field transplantation.
Comparison of testing of collimator and beam alignment, focal spot size with slit camera, and tube current consistency using computed radiography and conventional screen‐film systems
Authors: Meechai Tipvimol , Chousangsuntorn Khaisang , Owasirikul Wiwat , Mongkolsuk Manus , Iampa Woranut
Published: May 2019

Conversion to a filmless technique of physical performance testing is becoming a topic of much interest to researchers. We assessed the use of a computed radiography (CR) system with postprocessing software as an alternative tool for performing the three physical performance tests of an x‐ray tube. Collimator and beam alignment, focal spot size, and milliampere second (mAs) linearity, were performed using a CR system. Results were then compared with those obtained from a conventional screen‐film (SF) system. The distances of collimator misalignment measured by the SF system were decreased while peak tube voltage (kVp) was increased (mAs was fixed), whereas those measured by CR were independent of exposure level. The degrees of beam collimator misalignment measured by the CR system were not different from those measured by the SF system. The differences in focal spot dimensions measured by SF and CR systems were less than 4% for large and small focal spot size in both width and length. The mAs linearity evaluated by the SF system agreed with those evaluated by the dose measurement at 50 kVp and 4 mAs, as well as 55 kVp and 3.2 mAs, while the mAs linearity test using the CR system agreed with those using the dose measurement method for all exposure levels. In summary, a CR system could be utilized to assess the three physical performance tests of a single x‐ray tube, but required more time than an SF system. Medical physicists with image processing skills were needed to perform the analyses.
Optical surface guidance for submillimeter monitoring of patient position during frameless stereotactic radiotherapy
Authors: Covington Elizabeth L. , Fiveash John B. , Wu Xingen , Brezovich Ivan , Willey Christopher D , Riley Kristen , Popple Richard A.
Published: May 2019

Purpose

To evaluate the accuracy of monitoring intrafraction motion during stereotactic radiotherapy with the optical surface monitoring system. Prior studies showing a false increase in the magnitude of translational offsets at non‐coplanar couch positions prompted the vendor to implement software changes. This study evaluated two software improvements intended to address false offsets.

Methods

The vendor implemented two software improvements: a volumetric (ACO) rather than planar calibration and, approximately 6 months later, an improved calibration workflow (CIB) designed to better compensate for thermal drift. Offsets relative to the reference position, obtained at table angle 0 following image‐guided setup, were recorded before beam‐on at each table position and at the end of treatment the table returned to 0° for patients receiving SRT.

Results

Prior to ACO, between ACO and CIB, and after CIB, 223, 155, and 436 fractions were observed respectively. The median magnitude of translational offsets at the end of treatment was similar for all three intervals: 0.29, 0.33, and 0.27 mm. Prior to ACO, the offset magnitude for non‐zero table positions had a median of 0.79 mm and was found to increase with increasing distance from isocenter to the anterior patient surface. After ACO, the median magnitude was 0.74 mm, but the dependence on surface‐to‐isocenter distance was eliminated. After CIB, the median magnitude for non‐zero table positions was reduced to 0.57 mm.

Conclusion

Ongoing improvements in software and calibration procedures have decreased reporting of false offsets at non‐zero table angles. However, the median magnitude for non‐zero table angles is larger than that observed at the end of treatment, indicating that accuracy remains better when the table is not rotated.