bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and discriminatory value of tissue motion annular displacement in sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy: a single-center retrospective observational study
Authors: Song Jieqiong , Yao Yao , Lin Shilong , He Yizhou , Zhu Duming , Zhong Ming
Published: July 2022

Background

There is no formal diagnostic criterion for sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SICM), but left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 50% was the most commonly used standard. Tissue motion annular displacement (TMAD) is a novel speckle tracking indicator to quickly assess LV longitudinal systolic function. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and discriminatory value of TMAD for predicting SICM, as well as prognostic value of TMAD for mortality.

Methods

We conducted a single-center retrospective observational study in patients with sepsis or septic shock who underwent echocardiography examination within the first 24 h after admission. Basic clinical information and conventional echocardiographic data, including mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE), were collected. Based on speckle tracking echocardiography (STE), global longitudinal strain (GLS) and TMAD were, respectively, performed offline. The parameters acquisition rate, inter- and intra-observer reliability, time consumed for measurement were assessed for the feasibility analysis. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) values were calculated to assess the discriminatory value of TMAD/GLS/MAPSE for predicting SICM, defined as LVEF < 50%. Kaplan–Meier survival curve analysis was performed according to the cutoff values in predicting SICM. Cox proportional hazards model was performed to determine the risk factors for 28d and in-hospital mortality.

Results

A total of 143 patients were enrolled in this study. Compared with LVEF, GLS or MAPSE, TMAD exhibited the highest parameter acquisition rate, intra- and inter-observer reliability. The mean time for offline analyses with TMAD was significantly shorter than that with LVEF or GLS (p < 0.05). According to the AUROC analysis, TMADMid presented an excellent discriminatory value for predicting SICM (AUROC > 0.9). Patients with lower TMADMid (< 9.75 mm) had significantly higher 28d and in-hospital mortality (both p < 0.05). The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model revealed that BMI and SOFA were the independent risk factors for 28d and in-hospital mortality in sepsis cases, but TMAD was not.

Conclusion

STE-based TMAD is a novel and feasible technology with promising discriminatory value for predicting SICM with LVEF < 50%.
Feasibility of radiology online structured oral examination for undergraduate medical students
Authors: Alharbi Fawaz , Alamer Ali
Published: July 2022

Background

Online summative assessment has emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic as an alternative to traditional examinations, bringing opportunities and challenges. The study aims to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of online structured oral examination (SOE) in radiology clerkships. The study identifies measures taken to successfully implement online SOE and minimize chances of cheating. It also discusses the challenges encountered and how they were addressed.

Methods

SOE percent scores of fourth-year medical students from two institutions were correlated with students’ grade point average (GPA). The scores were compared among different institutions, students’ genders, students’ batches, examination versions, and examiners with different experience levels. Students’ perceived satisfaction and concerns were captured using anonymous self-administered questionnaire. Technical problems and success rate of SOE implementation were recorded. Results were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results

A total of 79 students participated in the study, out of which 81.0% (n = 64) responded to the survey. SOE scores showed poor positive correlation with the students’ GPAs (r = 0.22, and p = .09). Scores showed no significant difference between the two institutions or genders. Scores were also not significantly different between students who were examined by junior or senior examiners. All but one version of examination showed no significant difference in students’ scores. No significant difference was observed in students’ scores between each two subsequent batches who were exposed to the same examination version.

Conclusion

Online summative SOE is a feasible alternative whenever face-to-face SOE could not be implemented provided that appropriate measures are taken to ensure its successful execution.
Dichotomous role of Shp2 for naïve and primed pluripotency maintenance in embryonic stem cells
Authors: Kim Seong-Min , Kwon Eun-Ji , Kim Yun-Jeong , Go Young-Hyun , Oh Ji-Young , Park Seokwoo , Do Jeong Tae , Kim Keun-Tae , Cha Hyuk-Jin
Published: July 2022

Background

The requirement of the Mek1 inhibitor (iMek1) during naïve pluripotency maintenance results from the activation of the Mek1-Erk1/2 (Mek/Erk) signaling pathway upon leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) stimulation.

Methods

Through a meta-analysis of previous genome-wide screening for negative regulators of naïve pluripotency, Ptpn11 (encoding the Shp2 protein, which serves both as a tyrosine phosphatase and putative adapter), was predicted as one of the key factors for the negative modulation of naïve pluripotency through LIF-dependent Jak/Stat3 signaling. Using an isogenic pair of naïve and primed mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), we demonstrated the differential role of Shp2 in naïve and primed pluripotency.

Results

Loss of Shp2 increased naïve pluripotency by promoting Jak/Stat3 signaling and disturbed in vivo differentiation potential. In sharp contrast, Shp2 depletion significantly impeded the self-renewal of ESCs under primed culture conditions, which was concurrent with a reduction in Mek/Erk signaling. Similarly, upon treatment with an allosteric Shp2 inhibitor (iShp2), the cells sustained Stat3 phosphorylation and decoupled Mek/Erk signaling, thus iShp2 can replace the use of iMek1 for maintenance of naïve ESCs.

Conclusions

Taken together, our findings highlight the differential roles of Shp2 in naïve and primed pluripotency and propose the usage of iShp2 instead of iMek1 for the efficient maintenance and establishment of naïve pluripotency.
Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation alleviated atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus through reducing MDSCs
Authors: Yao Genhong , Qi Jingjing , Li Xiaojing , Tang Xiaojun , Li Wenchao , Chen Weiwei , Xia Nan , Wang Shiying , Sun Lingyun
Published: July 2022

Objective

The mechanism by which mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation alleviates atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remains elusive. In this study, we aim to explore the efficacy and mechanism of MSC in ameliorating atherosclerosis in SLE.

Methods

ApoE−/− and Fas−/− mice on the B6 background were cross-bred to generate SLE mice with atherosclerosis. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were sorted and quantified. The apoE−/−Fas−/− mice were either treated with anti-Gr antibody or injected with MDSCs. The lupus-like autoimmunity and atherosclerotic lesions were evaluated. Furthermore, the apoE−/−Fas−/− mice were transplanted with MSCs and lupus-like autoimmunity and atherosclerotic lesions were assessed.

Results

MDSCs in peripheral blood, spleen, draining lymph nodes increased in apoE−/−Fas−/− mice compared with B6 mice. Moreover, the adoptive transfer of MDSCs aggravated both atherosclerosis and SLE pathologies, whereas depleting MDSCs ameliorated those pathologies in apoE−/−Fas−/− mice. MSC transplantation in apoE−/−Fas−/− mice decreased the percentage of MDSCs, alleviated the typical atherosclerotic lesions, including atherosclerotic lesions in aortae and liver, and reduced serum cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein levels. MSC transplantation also reduced SLE pathologies, including splenomegaly, glomerular lesions, anti-dsDNA antibody in serum, urine protein and serum creatinine. Moreover, MSC transplantation regulated the generation and function of MDSCs through secreting prostaglandin E 2 (PGE2).

Conclusion

Taken together, these results indicated that the increased MDSCs contributed to atherosclerosis in SLE. MSC transplantation ameliorated the atherosclerosis and SLE through reducing MDSCs by secreting PGE2.

Graphical Abstract
RA signaling pathway combined with Wnt signaling pathway regulates human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) differentiation to sinus node-like cells
Authors: Yin Lin , Wang Feng-yuan , Zhang Wei , Wang Xi , Tang Yan-hong , Wang Teng , Chen Yu-ting , Huang Cong-xin
Published: July 2022

Background

The source of SAN is debated among researchers. Many studies have shown that RA and Wnt signaling are involved in heart development. In this study, we investigated the role of retinoic acid (RA) and Wnt signaling in the induction of sinus node-like cells.

Methods

The experimental samples were divided into four groups: control group (CHIR = 0), CHIR = 3, RA + CHIR = 0 andRA + CHIR = 3. After 20 days of differentiation, Western blot, RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were performed to identify sinus node-like cells. Finally, whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to record pacing funny current and action potential (AP) in four groups.

Results

The best intervention method used in our experiment was RA = 0.25 µmol/L D5-D9 + CHIR = 3 µmol/L D5-D7. Results showed that CHIR can increase the expression of ISL-1 and TBX3, while RA mainly elevated Shox2. Immunofluorescence assay and flow cytometry further illustrated that combining RA with CHIR can induce sinus node-like cells (CTNT+Shox2+Nkx2.5−). Moreover, CHIR might reduce the frequency of cell beats, but in conjunction with RA could partly compensate for this side effect. Whole cell patch clamps were able to record funny current and the typical sinus node AP in the experimental group, which did not appear in the control group.

Conclusions

Combining RA with Wnt signaling within a specific period can induce sinus node-like cells.
A dynamic handover scheme based on bidirectional VLC channel in multi-user attocell networks
Authors: Wang Liqiang , Han Dahai , Zhang Min , Wu Jingtao , Jiang Xiaotian , He Jingsuo
Published: July 2022

Light fidelity (LiFi) would be a potential optical wireless communications technology for future mixed-spectrum 5G/6G indoor attocell network, which uses light-emitting diodes based as an optical antenna and offers Gbits capacity. For this scenario, a dynamic handover scheme based on bidirectional visible light communications (VLC) channel is proposed, which uses the uplink light sources to characterize terminal’s movement status for the mobility and make the handover decision in contrast to the unidirectional links. The uplink reference signal received power and the movement state are examined, and the created algorithm is executed in the bidirectional VLC test bed. The experimental results show that the proposed method will reduce the terminal’s handover rate by up to 45% and increase the optical network throughput by up to 26% at the experimental data rate compared with the skipping handover scheme for indoor LiFi network.
Evaluating measurement properties of subjective cognitive decline self-reported outcome measures: a systematic review
Authors: Ibnidris Aliaa , Robinson Janelle N. , Stubbs Marissa , Piumatti Giovanni , Govia Ishtar , Albanese Emiliano
Published: July 2022

Background

Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is present in the early stage of preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and is associated with an increased risk of further cognitive decline and AD dementia later in life. Early detection of at-risk groups with subjective complaints is critical for targeted dementia prevention at the earliest. Accurate assessment of SCD is crucial. However, current measures lack important psychometric evaluations and or reporting.

Objectives

To systematically evaluate measurement properties of self-reported outcome measures (PROMs) used to assess SCD in the older adult population with or at risk of AD.

Methods and analysis

We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols 2015 Checklist for reporting. We conducted a literature search, screened, and included validation studies of SCD based on self-reported questionnaires from both population-based and clinical studies, conducted in older adults (≥ 55). We critically appraised the included primary studies using the Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) guidelines.

Results

Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The included studies reported psychometric properties of 17 SCD self-reported questionnaires. We extracted data on the structural validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and cross-cultural validity and found a widespread proneness to bias across studies, and a marked heterogeneity is assessed and reported measurement properties that prevented the consolidation of results.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that available SCD questionnaires lack content validity evaluation. Currently available measurements of SCD lack development and validation standards. Further work is needed to develop and validate SCD self-reported measurement with good quality measurement properties.
Dynamics analysis and optimal control of SIVR epidemic model with incomplete immunity
Authors: Liu Yiming , Jian Shuang , Gao Jianguo
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we establish an SIVR model with diffusion, spatially heterogeneous, latent infection, and incomplete immunity in the Neumann boundary condition. Firstly, the threshold dynamic behavior of the model is proved by using the operator semigroup method, the well-posedness of the solution and the basic reproduction number $\Re _{0}$

ℜ
0

are given. When $\Re _{0}<1$

ℜ
0

<
1
, the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable, the disease will be extinct; when $\Re _{0}>1$

ℜ
0

>
1
, the epidemic equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable, the disease will persist with probability one. Then, we introduce the patient’s treatment into the system as the control parameter, and the optimal control of the system is discussed by applying the Hamiltonian function and the adjoint equation. Finally, the theoretical results are verified by numerical simulation.
Patients’ experiences of continued treatment with extended-release naltrexone: a Norwegian qualitative study
Authors: Marciuch Anne , Brenna Ida Halvorsen , Weimand Bente , Solli Kristin Klemmetsby , Tanum Lars , Røstad Bente K. , Birkeland Bente
Published: July 2022

Background

The opioid antagonist extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) in the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD) is effective in terms of safety, abstinence from opioid use and retention in treatment. However, it is unclear how patients experience and adjust to losing the possibility of achieving an opioid effect. This qualitative study is the first to explore how people with opioid dependence experience XR-NTX treatment, focusing on the process of treatment over time.

Methods

Using a purposive sampling strategy, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 19 persons with opioid use disorder (15 men, four women, 22–55 years of age) participating in a clinical trial of XR-NTX in Norway. The interviewees had received at least three XR-NTX injections. Qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach was used.

Findings

Participants described that XR-NTX treatment had many advantages. However they still faced multiple challenges, some of which they were not prepared for. Having to find a new foothold and adapt to no longer gaining an effect from opioids due to the antagonist medication was challenging. This was especially true for those struggling emotionally and transitioning into the harmful use of non-opioid substances. Additional support was considered crucial. Even so, the treatment led to an opportunity to participate in society and reclaim identity. Participants had strong goals for the future and described that XR-NTX enabled a more meaningful life. Expectations of a better life could however turn into broken hopes. Although participants were largely optimistic about the future, thinking about the end of treatment could cause apprehension.

Conclusions

XR-NTX treatment offers freedom from opioids and can facilitate the recovery process for people with OUD. However, our findings also highlight several challenges associated with XR-NTX treatment, emphasizing the importance of monitoring emotional difficulties and increase of non-opioid substances during treatment. As opioid abstinence in itself does not necessarily equal recovery, our findings underscore the importance of seeing XR-NTX as part of a comprehensive, individualized treatment approach.

Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov # NCT03647774, first Registered: Aug 28, 2018.
Intraoperative mild hyperoxia may be associated with improved survival after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Ju Jae-Woo , Choe Hyun Woo , Bae Jinyoung , Lee Seohee , Cho Youn Joung , Nam Karam , Jeon Yunseok
Published: July 2022

Background

The effect of hyperoxia due to supplemental oxygen administration on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery remains unclear. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the relationship between intraoperative oxygen tension and mortality after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB).

Methods

The study included adult patients who underwent isolated OPCAB between July 2010 and June 2020. Patients were categorised into three groups based on their intraoperative time-weighted average arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2): normoxia/near-normoxia (< 150 mmHg), mild hyperoxia (150–250 mmHg), and severe hyperoxia (> 250 mmHg). The risk of in-hospital mortality was compared using weighted logistic regression analysis. Restricted cubic spline analysis was performed to analyse intraoperative PaO2 as a continuous variable. The risk of cumulative all-cause mortality was compared using Cox regression analysis.

Results

The normoxia/near-normoxia, mild hyperoxia, and severe hyperoxia groups included 229, 991, and 173 patients (n = 1393), respectively. The mild hyperoxia group had a significantly lower risk of in-hospital mortality than the normoxia/near-normoxia (odds ratio [OR], 0.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.06–0.22) and severe hyperoxia groups (OR, 0.06; 95% CI, 0.03–0.14). Intraoperative PaO2 exhibited a U-shaped relationship with in-hospital mortality in the non-hypoxic range. The risk of cumulative all-cause mortality was significantly lower in the mild hyperoxia group (hazard ratio, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.52–0.99) than in the normoxia/near-normoxia group.

Conclusions

Maintaining intraoperative PaO2 at 150–250 mmHg was associated with a lower risk of mortality after OPCAB than PaO2 at < 150 mmHg and at > 250 mmHg. Future randomised trials are required to confirm if mildly increasing arterial oxygen tension during OPCAB to 150–250 mmHg improves postoperative outcomes.
Clinical characteristics, socioeconomic factors and COVID-19 were associated with delayed surgery in children with hypospadias: a retrospective study of 4439 cases in a single center
Authors: Bai Gaochen , Liang Feng , Zhao Tianxin , Deng Fuming , Fu Kai , Chen Xiong , Li Zhongmin , Zhang Liyu , Jia Wei , Fu Wen , Liu Guochang
Published: July 2022

Background

Hypospadias is one of the most common congenital diseases of the genitourinary system in children. The European Association of Urology (EAU) Guidelines recommend that children undergoing hypospadias surgery should be between 6 and 18 months. In China, where many children have hypospadias, it remains unknown whether clinical characteristics, socioeconomic factors and COVID-19 were associated with delayed surgery in children with hypospadias.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed children with hypospadias who underwent primary surgery at the Department of Pediatric Urology in Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center between January 2010 and October 2021. Patients who had two-stage surgery or a second round of surgery due to complications were excluded to eliminate data duplication. The clinical characteristics and demographic information were collected. We defined delayed surgery as primary surgery performed after 18 months following the EAU Guidelines.

Results

A total of 4439 children diagnosed with hypospadias were included in the study. The median age (29.1 ± 16.7 months) of surgery for hypospadias in our study was much higher than the recommended age reported in the EAU guidelines, and 76.6% of the children underwent surgery after the age of 18 months. Children without comorbidities including cryptorchidism (odds ratio [OR] = 1.562; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.199–2.034; p = 0.001), prostatic cyst (OR = 2.613; 95% CI 1.579–4.324; p < 0.001), penile hypoplasia (OR = 1.778; 95% CI 1.225–2.580; p = 0.002), inguinal hernia (OR = 2.070; 95% CI 1.394–3.075; p < 0.001), and penoscrotal transposition (OR = 4.125; 95% CI 1.250–13.619; p = 0.020) were more likely to receive delayed surgery. Living in a low economic area (OR = 1.731; 95% CI 1.068–2.806; p = 0.026) or not close to a main medical center (OR = 1.580; 95% CI 1.370–1.824; p < 0.001) was highly associated with delayed surgery. The proportion of children undergoing delayed surgery and the median age of surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic were significantly higher than those before the COVID-19 pandemic (p = 0.004 and < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusions

Most children with hypospadias received delayed surgery (surgical age > 18 months). Comorbidities, living in a low economic area, too far from a main medical center and the COVID-19 pandemic were highly associated with delayed surgery. It is vital to improve the public awareness of hypospadias and strengthen the re-education of primary community doctors to reduce delayed surgery.
Use of 3D models as a didactic resource in archaeology. A case study analysis
Authors: Arias Francisco , Enríquez Carlos , Jurado Juan Manuel , Ortega Lidia , Romero-Manchado Antonio , Cubillas Juan José
Published: July 2022

The generation of 3D models through Terrestrial Laser Scanning has proved to be valuable tools for the study, documentation and recreation of archaeological remains. In this context, it is described how to generate a physical model to provide not only to researchers, but also as teaching material for teachers for university students, facilitating their access and study. As a practical case, this article describes the acquisition, processing and management of archaeological data in the archaeological site of Cástulo, Jaén, in South Spain. We expound how to get the 3D-printed model of the Muslim tower, showing how it is possible to generate a scale and very reliable reproduction of the structure, being also an useful and tangible material in the teaching of cultural heritage.
Multidisciplinary approach to Gorlin-Goltz syndrome: from diagnosis to surgical treatment of jawbones
Authors: Spadari Francesco , Pulicari Federica , Pellegrini Matteo , Scribante Andrea , Garagiola Umberto
Published: July 2022

Background

Gorlin syndrome, also known as Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (GGS) or basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS) or nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS), is an autosomal dominant familial cancer syndrome. It is characterized by the presence of numerous basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), along with skeletal, ophthalmic, and neurological abnormalities. It is essential to anticipate the diagnosis by identifying the pathology through the available diagnostic tests, clinical signs, and radiological manifestations, setting up an adequate treatment plan.

Main body

In the first part, we searched recent databases including MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, and the Cochrane Library by analyzing the etiopathogenesis of the disease, identifying the genetic alterations underlying them. Subsequently, we defined what are, to date, the major and minor clinical diagnostic criteria, the possible genetic tests to be performed, and the pathologies with which to perform differential diagnosis. The radiological investigations were reviewed based on the most recent literature, and in the second part, we performed a review regarding the existing jawbone protocols, treating simple enucleation, enucleation with bone curettage in association or not with topical use of cytotoxic chemicals, and “en bloc” resection followed by possible bone reconstruction, marsupialization, decompression, and cryotherapy.

Conclusion

To promote the most efficient and accurate management of GGS, this article summarizes the clinical features of the disease, pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis, and surgical protocols. To arrive at an early diagnosis of the syndrome, it would be advisable to perform radiographic and clinical examinations from the young age of the patient. The management of the patient with GGS requires a multidisciplinary approach ensuring an adequate quality of life and effective treatment of symptoms.
Probiotic viability, pH and lactic acid concentration of opened commercial probiotic dairy drinks stored at different temperatures and durations
Authors: Liew Yun Khoon , Aung Kyan , Chan Li Li , Baskaran Sandhya , Mak Siew Thong
Published: July 2022

Background

The commercial cultured milk drinks contain either single or mixed probiotic species and supply in different serving sizes. It is known that different combinations of probiotics might provide the various products’ quality in terms of nutritional value during their manufacturing process. However, a lack of information about probiotic viability and physicochemical properties of the opened fermented products for continuous fermentation leads to the driving force in conducting this study. Therefore, four locally available cultured milk drinks (branded Y, F, N and V) with 20 bottles each were aseptically transferred into their respective sterile containers and stored at 4 °C, 25 °C and − 20 °C for 1–13 days. Then, the viable cells were quantified using the drop plate method on de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) agar. The pH change was investigated using the calibrated pH meter, and the Enzytec D-/L-Lactic acid kit determined the content of D-lactic acid via spectrophotometer. Eventually, the data were analysed using the statistical tool.

Results

The viability of probiotics in brands Y and V was significantly increased even when stored at − 20 °C and 4 °C with at least 1 log CFU/mL increment. The proliferation of probiotics was moderately influenced by the pH of the opened cultured milk. High content of D-lactate was found in Y- and F-branded products after 13 days of storage. The Y-branded cultured milk drink had the highest content of D-lactate with 0.52 g/L and 0.40 g/L when stored for 13 days at room temperature and 4 °C, respectively.

Conclusions

This study sheds light on the necessity to elucidate the properties of opened probiotic beverages over time, especially when bottled in large quantities. This allows some improvement steps.
Does the degree of intraoperatively identified cartilage loss affect the outcomes of primary total knee arthroplasty without patella resurfacing? A prospective comparative cohort study
Authors: Shon Oog-Jin , Kim Gi Beom
Published: July 2022

Purpose

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the degree of patellar cartilage loss confirmed during index surgery affects the clinical and radiologic outcomes of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) performed without patellar resurfacing.

Methods

We prospectively divided 2012 patients with a minimum follow-up of 12
months into two groups according to intraoperatively graded cartilage lesions graded using
the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) system: group 1, grades 0‒2 (n = 110); group 2, grades
3‒4 (n = 102). Relevant locations, such as medial, lateral, or both facets of the patella, were also assessed. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, Feller’s patella score, and Kujala anterior knee pain score. Radiographic outcomes included patellar tilt angle and lateral patellar shift on Merchant’s view.

Results

Clinical and radiographic outcomes were not significantly different between the two groups. No patient underwent secondary patellar resurfacing. Although the lateral facet was significantly more involved, there were no significant differences in outcomes.

Conclusions

The degree of intraoperatively identified patellar cartilage loss did not affect the short-term outcomes following primary TKA without patellar resurfacing.

Level of evidence II: Prospective comparative study.
Factors affecting range of motion following two-stage revision arthroplasty for chronic periprosthetic knee infection
Authors: Kim Doo-Yeol , Seo Young-Chae , Kim Chang-Wan , Lee Chang-Rack , Jung Soo-Hwan
Published: July 2022

Introduction

The purpose of this study was to evaluate factors that affect range of motion (ROM) following two-stage revision arthroplasty as a treatment for chronic periprosthetic knee infection.

Materials and methods

A total of 98 patients diagnosed with chronic periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) following primary total knee arthroplasty between January 2009 and December 2019 and then underwent two-stage revision arthroplasty were reviewed retrospectively. Multiple regression analysis was performed to evaluate the factors that affect ROM after two-stage revision arthroplasty. ROM after two-stage revision arthroplasty was used as a dependent variable, while age at the time of surgery, ROM at PJI diagnosis, ROM after the first-stage surgery, the interval between the first-stage surgery and the second-stage surgery, whether a re-operation was performed before the second-stage surgery, culture results (culture negative or culture positive), and body mass index (BMI) were used as independent variables.

Results

Multiple regression analysis (R2 = 0.843) revealed that among the independent variables, ROM (β = 0.604, P < 0.001) after the first-stage surgery, whether a re-operation was performed before the second-stage surgery (β =  − 8.847, P < 0.001), the interval between the first-stage surgery and the second-stage surgery (β = − 0.778, P = 0.003), and BMI (β =  − 0.698, P = 0.041) were associated with ROM after two-stage revision arthroplasty, the dependent variable.

Conclusions

In two-stage revision arthroplasty for chronic periprosthetic knee infection, ROM after the first-stage surgery, whether a re-operation was performed before the second-stage surgery, the interval between the first-stage surgery and the second-stage surgery, and BMI were found to be factors that were associated with ROM after two-stage revision arthroplasty.
Developing criteria for research translation decision-making in community settings: a systematic review and thematic analysis informed by the Knowledge to Action Framework and community input
Authors: Wende Marilyn E. , Wilcox Sara , Rhodes Zoe , Kinnard Deborah , Turner-McGrievy Gabrielle , McKeever Brooke W. , Kaczynski Andrew T.
Published: July 2022

Background

There is a pressing need to translate empirically supported interventions, products, and policies into practice to prevent and control prevalent chronic diseases. According to the Knowledge to Action (K2A) Framework, only those interventions deemed “ready” for translation are likely to be disseminated, adopted, implemented, and ultimately institutionalized. Yet, this pivotal step has not received adequate study. The purpose of this paper was to create a list of criteria that can be used by researchers, in collaboration with community partners, to help evaluate intervention readiness for translation into community and/or organizational settings.

Methods

The identification and selection of criteria involved reviewing the K2A Framework questions from the “decision to translate” stage, conducting a systematic review to identify characteristics important for research translation in community settings, using thematic analysis to select unique research translation decision criteria, and incorporating researcher and community advisory board feedback.

Results

The review identified 46 published articles that described potential criteria to decide if an intervention appears ready for translation into community settings. In total, 17 unique research translation decision criteria were identified. Of the 8 themes from the K2A Framework that were used to inform the thematic analysis, all 8 were included in the final criteria list after research supported their importance for research translation decision-making. Overall, the criteria identified through our review highlighted the importance of an intervention’s public health, cultural, and community relevance. Not only are intervention characteristics (e.g., evidence base, comparative effectiveness, acceptability, adaptability, sustainability, cost) necessary to consider when contemplating introducing an intervention to the “real world,” it is also important to consider characteristics of the target setting and/or population (e.g., presence of supporting structure, support or buy-in, changing sociopolitical landscape).

Conclusions

Our research translation decision criteria provide a holistic list for identifying important barriers and facilitators for research translation that should be considered before introducing an empirically supported intervention into community settings. These criteria can be used for research translation decision-making on the individual and organizational level to ensure resources are not wasted on interventions that cannot be effectively translated in community settings to yield desired outcomes.
Clinical Outcomes and Risk Stratification of Early-Stage Melanoma Micrometastases From an International Multicenter Study: Implications for the Management of American Joint Committee on Cancer IIIA Disease
Authors: Moncrieff Marc D. , Lo Serigne N. , Scolyer Richard A. , Heaton Martin J. , Nobes Jenny P. , Snelling Andrew P. , Carr Michael J. , Nessim Carolyn , Wade Ryckie , Peach A. Howard , Kisyova Rumi , Mason Jennifer , Wilson Ewan D. , Nolan Grant , Pritchard Jones Rowan , Johansson Iva , Olofsson Bagge Roger , Wright Lucie J. , Patel Nakul G. , Sondak Vernon K. , Thompson John F. , Zager Jonathan S.
Published: July 2022

PURPOSE

Indications for offering adjuvant systemic therapy for patients with early-stage melanomas with low disease burden sentinel node (SN) micrometastases, namely, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC; eighth edition) stage IIIA disease, are presently controversial. The current study sought to identify high-risk SN-positive AJCC stage IIIA patients who are more likely to derive benefit from adjuvant systemic therapy.

METHODS

Patients were recruited from an intercontinental (Australia/Europe/North America) consortium of nine high-volume cancer centers. All were adult patients with pathologic stage pT1b/pT2a primary cutaneous melanomas who underwent SN biopsy between 2005 and 2020. Patient data, primary tumor and SN characteristics, and survival outcomes were analyzed.

RESULTS

Three thousand six hundred seven patients were included. The median follow-up was 34 months. Pairwise disease comparison demonstrated no significant survival difference between N1a and N2a subgroups. Survival analysis identified a SN tumor deposit maximum dimension of 0.3 mm as the optimal cut point for stratifying survival. Five-year disease-specific survival rates were 80.3% and 94.1% for patients with SN metastatic tumor deposits ≥ 0.3 mm and < 0.3 mm, respectively (hazard ratio, 1.26 [1.11 to 1.44]; P < .0001). Similar findings were seen for overall disease-free and distant metastasis-free survival. There were no survival differences between the AJCC IB patients and low-risk (< 0.3 mm) AJCC IIIA patients. The newly identified high-risk (≥ 0.3 mm) subgroup comprised 271 (66.4%) of the AJCC IIIA cohort, whereas only 142 (34.8%) patients had SN tumor deposits > 1 mm in maximum dimension.

CONCLUSION

Patients with AJCC IIIA melanoma with SN tumor deposits ≥ 0.3 mm in maximum dimension are at higher risk of disease progression and may benefit from adjuvant systemic therapy or enrollment into a clinical trial. Patients with SN deposits < 0.3 mm in maximum dimension can be managed similar to their SN-negative, AJCC IB counterparts, thereby avoiding regular radiological surveillance and more intensive follow-up.
A global survey of healthcare professionals undertaking MRI of patients with cochlear implants: a heterogeneity of practice and opinions
Authors: Dewey Rebecca Susan , Bowtell Richard , Kitterick Padraig
Published: July 2022

Objective:

To capture practice and opinions around the current clinical use of MRI in patients with cochlear implants (CIs), and to characterise patient progression from referral to image reporting.

Methods:

An online survey recruited 237 healthcare professionals between 9 December 2019 and 9 September 2020. Descriptive statistics and informal thematic analyses were conducted.

Results:

Respondents estimated that approximately 75% of CI users referred for an MRI proceeded to image acquisition, of which ~70% of cases comprised image acquisition on the head and the remaining cases on another area. They estimated that the proportion of these images that were usable was 93 and 99%, respectively. Confidence in most processes was high, with at least two-thirds of respondents reporting to be very or somewhat confident in obtaining consent and acquiring images. Conversely, fewer than half the respondents had the same confidence when splinting and bandaging the implant and troubleshooting any issues arising. Patient safety was rated of paramount importance, with patient comfort a clear second and image quality third.

Conclusion:

These findings highlight the need for consistent publication of clear, succinct, and standardised operating procedures for scanning patients with CIs and the requirement for regular training of radiographic and radiological healthcare professionals to address the heterogeneity of devices available.

Advances in knowledge:

There is a need to improve the communication to radiography and radiology personnel regarding the nature of CIs, the heterogeneity of devices in existence, and the key differences between them. CI users risk being underserved by diagnostic medical imaging.
The relationship between spider naevi & de novo arteriovenous malformations in chronic liver disease
Authors: Connor Sophia G , Parizel Paul M , Wycoco Victor , Prentice David A
Published: July 2022

We report a patient with decompensated alcoholic liver cirrhosis (Child-Turcotte-Pugh class C) who developed a de novo left frontal cerebral AVM and a subcutaneous left temporal scalp spider naevus. Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are vascular abnormalities previously thought to be congenital in nature, although new research has revealed the potential for de novo AVM formation through a two-hit hypothesis. We propose that the oestrogen-rich environment seen in chronic liver disease could act as the second hit to allow for an angiogenic state favouring de novo AVM development. We also postulate that spider naevi are formed through a similar mechanism and may represent early-stage AVMs.
Historia kociewskiego miasteczka w nowym wydaniu. Nowe dzieje starego miasta pod redakcją dr. Krzysztofa Halickiego i Zbigniewa Lorkowskiego
Authors: Openkowski Rafał
Published: July 2022

Artykuł recenzyjny dotyczący monografii Nowego nad Wisłą, pod redakcją Krzysztofa Halickiego i Zbigniewa Lorkowskiego
Formation of Psychological Qualities of Future Specialists in the Humanities in the Process of Professional Training
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Kurylo Vitalii , Karaman Olena ,   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University
Published: July 2022

The article reveals the theoretical and experimental principles of formation of psychological qualities of future specialists in the humanities in the process of professional training. It is established that the most significant psychological qualities that a future humanitarian specialist should possess are tolerance (tolerance to other opinions, manifestations of subjects of different qualities), communicativeness (ability to establish contacts with different people, exchange information, form strategies and tactics of cooperation with people and various social institutions), reflexivity (the ability of the individual to direct their own activities to themselves, to carry out self-assessment of thoughts, actions, behavior). The content and technologies (programs of trainings and classes, games, creative tasks, exercises, etc.) of formation of psychological qualities of future specialists of humanitarian profile in the process of professional training are developed. Their effectiveness has been proven experimentally. The conclusion about the necessity of their introduction into the educational process of higher education institutions of Ukraine is made.
Concept Maps as a Means of Providing Methodology Orientation of General Pedagogical Training of Pre-service Teachers
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Butenko Ludmila
Published: July 2022

The article presents a general description of the means of providing methodology orientation of general pedagogical training of pre-service teachers and scientific and pedagogical workers. Theoretical and methodological principles of using concept maps in the process of general pedagogical training of prospective specialists in education, scientific approaches to the essence of the notions «concept», «conceptualization», the main provisions of the cognitive theory have been characterised. The semantic and functional characteristics of concept maps, the common and the different between concept maps and intelligence maps have been revealed. The stages of drawing up concept maps have been characterized. The peculiarities of concept maps as a means of providing methodology orientation of general pedagogical training of pre-service teachers. The factors that influence the effectiveness of the use of concept maps in the educational process of higher education have been identified. Examples of concept maps in the context of providing methodology orientation of general pedagogical training of pre-service teachers and scientific and pedagogical workers have been given.
Use of Potential of Social Networks in Formation of Critical Thinking of Higher Education Students
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Stepanenko Viktoriia , Stepanenko Viacheslav ,   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University
Published: July 2022

The article identifies the possibilities of using social networks as a means of forming students’ critical thinking in modern conditions of informatization of society. Standard and non-standard ways of developing critical thinking in students with the help of social networks are outlined. Possibilities of using social networks within the problem of forming students’ critical thinking are presented as a universal form for simultaneous solution of such areas of work as patriotic, moral, aesthetic education, organization of professional and cultural-educational activities, formation of culture of self-knowledge and self-regulation, culture of healthy lifestyle and leisure, etc. It is noted that social networks as a means of forming students’ critical thinking are a tool of informal practices in modern informatization of society, which is a kind of creative individual and collective self-expression, promotion and implementation of various projects, expression and argumentation, development of social intelligence, information and psychological culture of users, taking into account the requests of the student audience.
Characteristics of the Subject of Professional Training of Future Social Workers and Social Pedagogues to Work with Vulnerable Categories of the Population
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Yurkiv Yaroslava
Published: July 2022

The article reveals the generalized characteristics of the subject (researcher, stakeholders) of professional training of future social workers and social educators to work with vulnerable groups as a set of basic components: general professional (professional and academic qualifications according to the content of educational components of the educational program; professional positions as a set of formed attitudes and orientations, attitudes and assessments of internal and environmental experience; subsystem of individual psychological features - a combination of different structural and functional components of the psyche, which determine the individuality, style of professional activity, behavior and are manifested in the professional qualities of the individual); specialized requirements (awareness of the importance of training future social workers and social educators to work with vulnerable populations; awareness of the interdisciplinary nature of social work with vulnerable populations; creativity in solving problems of social work with vulnerable populations); innovation requirements (the need for self-improvement, improving professional skills, ability to innovate, etc.).
Readiness of Humanitarian Subjects Teachers for Career Guidance Work in Secondary Education Institutions
Authors:   West Ukrainian National University, Rebukha Liliia
Published: July 2022

The article considers the theoretical foundations of professional orientation as a component of the professional activity of a teacher of humanitarian subjects. Vocational guidance in secondary education institutions is characterized as a science-based system for assisting high school students to identify and develop personal professional aptitudes and cognitive interests in choosing a profession. It is noted that vocational guidance in educational institutions is impossible without education, upbringing, the study of psychophysiological characteristics of high school students, psychodiagnostics, organization of elective courses and communications specially organized on a parity basis. The essential aspects of the teacher's career guidance activity (socio-economic, psychological-pedagogical and medical-physiological) are described, which are aimed at promoting the operative and meaningful choice of the future profession by high school students. The importance of involving various types of student activities (cognitive, socially useful, communicative, playful, etc.) in the career guidance work and the development of humanitarian subjects of educational technologies by the teacher are pointed out. The readiness of a humanitarian subjects teacher for career guidance work is determined by his effective theoretical and practical preparation for career guidance within his subject, effective formation of students' ability to independently and consciously choose future professional activities, responsibility for high school students' choice and career guidance system in a secondary school institution in general. Proper readiness is shown when the teacher establishes effective criteria and indicators of the effectiveness of the vocational guidance.