bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A development of high sensitivity magnetic sensor based on giant magnetoresistance with simple implementation on smartphone
Authors: Kusumadjati Adhi , Wardoyo Sony , Hirawan Agung , Alwan Mochamad Ibnu , Blanchard Ramandasoavina
Published: April 2024

In this paper, the magnetic field-based sensor that can connect with smartphones through Bluetooth connectivity was developed. The design of this high sensitivity magnetic sensor system used Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors in the form of SOIC8 with AA002-02 series from NVE Corp. The results obtained from the measurements show that the sensor is able to work well when connected to an Android-based smartphone. Measurements were carried out by placing a magnet with a magnetic field strength of 0.4 T in the direction of the sensitivity plane of the GMR sensor. The result showed that the closer the magnet distance relative to the GMR sensor the more voltage signal output from the sensor. Since this developed method is simple but effective for detecting position of magnetic object, the further development of this method will be benefit for many applications.
A review of polymer composite materials in bulletproof vest to defense sector
Authors: Cahayaputri Olivia Thresnayu , Murniati Riri , Aritonang Sovian , Tri Oktaviana Aditya
Published: April 2024

Personal protection, especially in the context of military protection and security, became a major focus in the development of bulletproof vests. Polymer composite materials offer a wide range of advantages in terms of strength, density, and ability to reduce the kinetic energy of projectiles, making them an attractive choice for such protection applications. This study examines the different types of polymers and composite technologies used in the manufacture of bulletproof vests. This study examines the use of polymer composite materials in the manufacture of bulletproof vests used in the defense sector. We evaluate the mechanical, thermal, and ballistic properties of these materials and investigate the design approaches applied to improve the performance of these protectors. The research proved that the composite was efficient enough to be used as a bulletproof vest material because it was light, flexible and strong.
Times series data analysis: The Holt-Winters model for rainfall prediction In West Java
Authors: Hendri Eko Primadi , Fadhlia Sarah
Published: April 2024

Time series data analysis is used to analyze data that considers time and data characteristics to predict future events. One of the time series data is rainfall data. Rainfall data has a seasonal pattern because there is a pattern that repeats itself over a certain period. Data analysis that considers the characteristics of seasonal patterns is the Holt-Winters method. The Holt-Winters model is divided into two, namely additive and multiplicative models. This research aims to compare the Holt-Winters additive and multiplicative methods to see the accuracy in predicting rainfall data in West Java. The additive model has level parameter α=0,435, trend parameter β=0, seasonal parameter γ=1, and RMSE value 140,174. The multiplicative model has level parameter α=0,936, trend parameter β=0, seasonal parameter γ=0,247, and RMSE value 150,020. The additive model has a smaller RMSE value so it can predict future rainfall with greater accuracy.
Using 3D design technology and a combination of carbon fiber and 16% HGM epoxy resin, female troops are wearing bulletproof vests
Authors: Lubis Agnes Sprakezia , Aritonang Sovian , Murniati Riri , Faradina Raditya , Panse Vishal R
Published: April 2024

Women are becoming more active in the defense industry. Since the morphology of the female body differs from that of the male during military activities, it is required to modify personal protection equipment to accommodate the female body shape. According to a literature review, a survey of a sample of female soldiers from different nations revealed that they felt the impacts of breast soreness when running, as well as a sense of "distorted breasts" and breathing difficulties. The woman's petite frame and the bulky, hefty bulletproof jacket both draw criticism for their respective dimensions. Using 3D design technology, a female mannequin with a 95B breast size was scanned in order to create a bullet-proof vest that is tailored to the contour of a woman's body. Changes in the breast's contour, which affect changes in the surface point parameters, result in adaptive breasts. Utilizing a combination of carbon fiber and 16% HGM epoxy, bullet-proof vests can be modified to provide lightweight dimensions and have the benefit of good ballistic resistance. This results in a material that is 20 mm for thick, 1,348 kg in weight, and capable of absorbing 348.27 Joules of energy from bullets. The results of this research are not optimal, so developments are needed in further research.
Identification of Mineral Zircon (ZrSiO4) Rare Earth Metal (REM) As Smart Material For Electric Tactical Motor Bike Battery
Authors: Prayogo Dimas , Murniati Riri , Likitaporn Chutiwat
Published: April 2024

Rare earth metals are associated minerals that are magnetic used as the main component in providing power to most electronic devices. Rare earth metal (REM) as a smart material that has 14 chemical elements. These elements are grouped according to their molecular weight, namely light rare earth metals (Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu) and heavy rare earth metals (Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Tr, Tm, Yb, Lu) . The use of this REM includes electric cars, health identification devices, LCDs and computer hardware. From some of the benefits and contents of REM, its development is not only in the industrial world but also in the world of defense, one of which is as a battery for motorized vehicles developed by the ministry of defense (Electric Tactical Motor Bike) that uses lithium batteries as a source of electrical energy. However, the use of lithium batteries which have shortcomings in terms of charging makes them look for other alternatives so that they can be charged optimally, one of which is using REM. The strategic position of rare earth minerals in the future must be developed so that they can be used sustainably, considering that Indonesia has potential resources that can be utilized.
Simulation of calculation of combat vehicle fuel efficiency by reducing vehicle weight using aluminum material
Authors: Napitupulu Jofim Yordaniel , Murniati Riri , Kusumadjati Adhi , Hirawan Agung , Alwan Mochamad Ibnu , Blanchard Ramandasoavina
Published: April 2024

In the contemporary landscape, combat vehicles are tasked with meeting multifaceted demands, ranging from fortified defense capabilities to enhanced operational versatility and lethal efficacy. At the crux of these requirements lies the pivotal challenge of managing vehicular weight, a parameter that profoundly impacts endurance, agility, and speed. Extensive research endeavors have shed light on aluminum as a compelling solution to mitigate this weight burden while ensuring the requisite durability in combat vehicles. Through the utilization of MATLAB simulations, this study endeavors to elucidate the correlation between mass reduction and fuel efficiency, culminating in the creation of a comparative graph. The findings of this research make a significant contribution by demonstrating that a 15% reduction in vehicle mass, equivalent to 324 kilograms through the substitution of conventional materials with aluminum, yields substantial fuel savings amounting to 13.36%, or 1.3 liters. Such insights underscore the pivotal role of material selection in optimizing fuel efficiency in combat vehicle design
Linear mixed model approach: The effect of poor people & unemployment rate on various types of crime in 34 provinces in Indonesia
Authors: Atmadi Atmadi , Tarigan Nieldy R , Negara I Putu Aditya Brama Putra Cakra , Syalaisa Najlaa , Ismail Muhammad Iqbal Al-Banna
Published: April 2024

Currently, Indonesia faces serious challenges related to increasing crime rates throughout the country. Various types of crime, such as increasing drug cases, increasingly concerning violations of decency, and disturbing acts of fraud, embezzlement, and corruption, have become a major concern for society and the government. In this context, this research plays an important role in efforts to understand the factors that drive the growth of crime and pursue the vision and mission of Indonesia Emas 2045, which sets targets to reduce poverty to reach zero percent. The main focus of the research is to link poverty and unemployment rates with three key types of crime that affect Indonesia's future. In this study, we try to understand how poverty rates and unemployment rates affect these types of crime in 34 provinces in Indonesia. The study used a statistical method called Linear Mixed Model with the support of R software. Of the 27 models analyzed, several models had a significant impact. The data used in this study was obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The results of this study provide valuable insights into the factors influencing crime in Indonesia, which in turn can be used as a basis for designing more effective policies in an effort to achieve the vision and mission of Indonesia Emas 2045.
Panagiotis Lefakis (?-1940). The blind majestic obstetrician who had been loved by the Ottomans
Authors: Tsoucalas Gregory , Kyrkoudis Theodoros , Mourellou Evangelia , Tentes Ioannis , Fiska Aliki
Published: April 2024

Sometimes, during an era of clashes, appears a man to promote humanism. Such a man was Panagiotis Lefakis who dedicated his life to treat the helpless inhabitants of Dedeagats (later Alexandroupolis) regardless of nationality and religion. With studies in Constantinople and Paris he practiced general medicine and obstetrics in Thrace. Lefakis, completely lost his eyesight by cause of retinal detachment but continued his work. With the help of his daughter Elli, he was the most preferable physician among the Muslims, as his blindness was an advantage due to cultural reasons. Muslim families felt secure as a blind man could not offend a Muslim female patient or a pregnant woman. His skills and temper helped Lefakis to achieve greatness and although he had been accused by his countrymen, the Ottoman authorities recognized his contribution.
Risks of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in Patients with Thyroid Dysfunction: Proper Management Strategies
Authors: Correia Lima Bernardo , Grillo Ricardo , Alvarez Quinta Reis Bruno , Peral Ferreira Pinto Leonardo Augustus , Melhem-Elias Fernando
Published: April 2024

Oral and maxillofacial surgery encompasses procedures for correcting mouth, jaw, and facial issues, posing challenges in patients with thyroid dysfunction due to its impact on the coagulation system. Many authors noted a rise in thyroid disease among younger adults, affecting surgeries traditionally performed in this demographic. Thyroid dysfunction alters hemostasis, with hyperthyroidism increasing thromboembolic risks and hypothyroidism impairing wound healing and causing bleeding tendencies. In OMF surgery, hyperthyroid patients face thromboembolic risks, requiring preoperative assessment, thyroid normalization, and anticoagulant prophylaxis. Hypothyroid patients need optimized hormone therapy, careful hemostasis, and postoperative monitoring. Multidisciplinary collaboration among endocrinologists, surgeons, and hematologists is crucial for tailored management strategies. In conclusion, understanding thyroid dysfunction's hemostatic impact is vital for safe OMF surgery, necessitating personalized perioperative care strategies.
Mtazamo wa Ki-Afrika katika Nadharia za Tafsiri
Authors: Jilala Hadija
Published: April 2024

Makala haya yanahusu Mtazamo wa Ki-Afrika katika Nadharia za Tafsiri. Inafahamika kuwa chimbuko la nadharia za tafsiri zilizopo ni nchi za Kimagharibi. Hata hivyo,  katika nchi za Afrika taaluma ya tafsiri imepiga hatua kubwa ya maendeleo ikiwa ni pamoja na kuwa na wataalamu na wanataaluma wengi wa tafsiri, kufundishwa katika shule za sekondari, vyuo vya kati na vyuo vikuu. Pamoja na maendeleo hayo, mpaka sasa hakuna nadharia ya tafsiri iliyobuliwa kupitia mazingira, muktadha na utamaduni wa lugha ya Kiswahili kama lugha ya Ki-Afrika. Hivyo, makala haya yanalenga kujadili umuhimu wa kuunda nadharia za tafsiri kwa kutumia muktadha wa lugha za Ki-Afrika na kupendekeza hatua zitakazochukuliwa katika mchakato wa kuunda nadharia za tafsiri za Kiswahili. Makala yanajadili kwamba, pamoja na kuwapo kwa nadharia zilizoibuliwa na wanazuoni wa Kimagharibi, kuna umuhimu wa kuunda nadharia za tafsiri ambazo zimefungamana na muktadha, mazingira, mila, desturi, historia, lugha na utamaduni wa Ki-Afrika. Hii ni kwa sababu tafsiri hushughulika na lugha ambayo ni mali ya jamii yenye utamaduni mahususi. Hivyo, nadharia za tafsiri zilizofumbata mtazamo wa Ki-Afrika zitakuwa msingi, dira na mwongozo wa kinadharia na kivitendo katika kushughulikia tafsiri za matini mbalimbali za lugha za Ki-Afrika, hasa zinazohusu dhana za kiutamaduni na fasihi. Vilevile nadharia hizo zitakuwa ni suluhisho la matatizo na changamoto za tafsiri kiisimu, kisemantiki, kiutamaduni na kifasihi. Makala haya yanapendekeza kuwa nadharia za tafsiri zinaweza kuundwa kwa kutumia mbinu mbalimbali kama vile kuunda nadharia mpya, kuasili nadharia zilizopo na kuziboresha nadharia hizo.
The effects of innovation strategies on business sustainability of SMEs in hospitality service industry in Nairobi County beyond COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Soi Betsy Chepngeno , Muriuki Erastus Thoronjo
Published: April 2024

This study investigated the impact of innovation strategies on the business sustainability of small and micro enterprises (SMEs) in the hospitality service industry in Nairobi County, particularly in the aftermath of COVID-19. Recognising the importance of innovation in navigating uncertainties, the research aimed to analyse how innovative approaches influenced the sustainability of SMEs in the hospitality sector beyond the pandemic. The study focused on registered SMEs in Nairobi's CBD, employing a descriptive research design. From a total population of 2490 SMEs, a sample of 249 was selected using stratified sampling. Self-structured questionnaires were utilised for data collection and the regression method was employed for analysis. Results of the regression model on Innovative approaches not only assisted businesses in adapting to post-COVID-19 challenges but also contributed to improved service quality and operational resilience. The study's implications extend to SMEs in similar industries, offering practical insights for fostering innovation as a key driver for sustained success. The study recommends that the CBD should improve in process, product & market innovation by creating uniqueness and innovative ideas that will attract customer to the SME`s for the hospitality business in Nairobi. According to the study, the SME`s should also invest in marketing technology that is not costly like social media marketing to brand their products for both local and international market.
Do barro ao palco: a dramaturgia do sapateado no Coco de Tebei
Authors: Beatriz Magalhães Mattar Ana , Aurélio da Cruz Souza Marco
Published: April 2024

Nas manifestações da cultura brasileira encontramos distintas maneiras de fazer sons com os pés em acompanhamento à dança, ao canto e à música em um continuum inseparável e na sua maioria de origens ibéricas, africanas ou indígenas. Entre os elementos de dança, canto e música que compõem as narrativas encontradas nessas manifestações, propomos um exame articulado com os trupés do Coco de Tebei de Pernambuco por suas características fortes no sapateado e a singularidade de não utilizar instrumentos musicais durante sua execução. Essa tradição de mais de 100 anos desperta o nosso interesse por suas influências indígenas enquanto elaboração no processo composicional articulado com os estudos das performances afro-ameríndias. Das técnicas dos trupés utilizadas pelos brincantes e sapateios variados dos dançarinos nas manifestações culturais, vários códigos são utilizados para fixar a atenção na ação de quem executa esses movimentos sonoros e em qual momento eles fazem parte da construção coreográfica. Além disso, o “chão” que apoia as técnicas do sapateado podem variar do barro ao palco, da festa ao festival e isso altera seu contexto de análise dramatúrgica entre aspectos importantes e às vezes “invisíveis” ao espectador por onde essas danças são praticadas. Dessa forma, estaremos atentos ao trabalho cênico que parte da pesquisa do sapateado na perspectiva de entender os caminhos e escolhas que a partem do "chão de barro” ao “chão do palco”.
Análise do perfil nutricional, consumo alimentar e ingestão de cálcio, ferro e sódio em idosos residentes de comunidades nos municípios do Rio de Janeiro e Baixada Fluminense
Authors: Mululo Ana Carolina Vieira , Barros Carlos Magno de Merce Rodrigues
Published: April 2024

Trabalho analisa o perfil nutricional e consumo alimentar e ingestão de cálcio, ferro e sódio de idosos residentes nos municípios do Rio de Janeiro e Baixada Fluminense. Estudo exploratório, transversal, de amostra por conveniência, aprovado pelo comitê de ética. Estudo englobou 75 idosos, residentes do Rio de Janeiro e Baixada Fluminense atendidos pelo NASF das Clínicas da Família Walter Borges, Dr. Jorge Campos e grupo HiperDia (município de Mesquita), e um formulário online para população dos demais bairros e municípios, no período de novembro de 2020 a janeiro de 2021. Prevalência de sobrepeso foi de 21% entre homens e de 63% entre mulheres. Distribuição dos macronutrientes mostrou 47% de carboidrato, 23% de proteína e 30% de lipídeos. Idosos com menor renda possui menor consumo de frutas, verduras, legumes e laticínios. O ferro apresentou uma prevalência inadequação de 77%, o sódio de 80% e 99% para o cálcio. Os idosos apresentaram alto índice de sobrepeso, em especial no sexo feminino, além de elevado risco de desenvolvimento de doenças metabólicas. Esses resultados demonstram necessidade de práticas de monitoramento e planejamento de intervenções para melhorar o estado nutricional dessa população.
Forced oxidation kinetics of sunflower, grape seed, walnut, corn oils under the action of different factors
Authors: Sturza Rodica , Druta Raisa , Covaci Ecaterina , Subotin Iurie
Published: April 2024

In the present study, the influence of the thermal factor and the action of some antioxidants as inhibitors of oil oxidation from grape seeds, nuts and corn germs were analyzed. The oxidation was studied in forced mode for 700 h, by adding hydrogen peroxide and Cu2+ ions. The optimal conditions of the accelerated oxidation process in the analyzed systems were established. The progress of lipid oxidation was assessed by measuring peroxide value (PV) and conjugated dienes and trienes (CD, CT). A number of secondary products of lipid oxidation have been identified: hexanal, octanal and hydroxy-nonadienal. The intensity of the formation of these compounds during oxidation was monitored. The stabilizing effect of lipophilic extracts from two types of berries, sea buckthorn and rose hip, on sunflower oil was also studied. This research included the analysis of sunflower oil oxidation products and mechanisms, including the determination of chemical changes occurring in the lipid oxidation process by LC-MS/MS using electrospray ionization in negative and positive mode.
Mathematical modeling of chemical processes in the environment
Authors: Duca Gheorghe
Published: April 2024

The present paper describes the methodology and emphasizes the effectiveness of mathematical modeling in chemistry and the environment for representing and analyzing the behavior of complex chemical systems. Differential equations and other mathematical relationships help researchers gain a deeper understanding of chemical interactions and processes under various environmental conditions. The chapter also presents modeling of pollutant migration in aquatic environments. These models take into account factors such as water flow velocity, physicochemical properties of pollutants, and interactions with sediments and biota.
Pseudo Jahn-Teller origin of the energy barrier of chemical processes
Authors: Balan Iolanta , Gorinchoy Natalia , Gorbachev Mikhail Yu. , Bersuker Isaac , Arsene Ion
Published: April 2024

The Pseudo Jahn-Teller origin of the energy barrier of chemical processes is revealed by ab initio calculations of the proton transfer and molecular inversion energy barriers and of the adiabatic potential energy curves along the reaction coordinate. The vibronic parameters in this approach were estimated by fitting the adiabatic potential curves calculated ab initio to the analytical expression from the general theory.
Quantum-chemical study of the electronic structure - antioxidant action relationship of some chemical compounds
Authors: Gorbachev Mikhail Yu. , Gorinchoy Natalia , Balan Iolanta , Arsene Ion
Published: April 2024

The relationships between the peculiarities of the electronic structure and the antioxidant activity of some chemical compounds are considered based on DFT calculations of the reactions between some natural phenolic antioxidants (gallic, caffeic, p-coumaric and other acids), as well as the stable radical ABTS+• in water and ethanol. Special attention is paid to primary proton transfer processes between neutral antioxidant molecules and solvent molecules. Important factors such as the formation of charge transfer complexes (CTS) between anionic forms of antioxidants and radicals are also considered; tautomeric effects and modification of the pre-reactive (intermediate) structures of the investigated antioxidant molecules and their anions. Quantitative relationships between electronic structure parameters and antioxidant activity of some short-chain n-alkanes with OH• and NO3• radicals are also discussed.
Computational research of dihydroxyfumaric acid and its derivatives with antioxidant activity
Authors: Bolocan Natalia , Duca Gheorghe
Published: April 2024

The present chapter describes the application of computational methods in the research of the isomerization/tautomerization processes of dihydroxyfumaric acid (DHF), for the calculation of global and local reactivity indices of new derivatives of DHF, for the demonstration of the validity of the KID procedure in gas, water and methanol. In the present research, the predictive analysis was performed for the first time by calculation methods of the properties of absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity of the investigated derivatives, which demonstrated ерушк пкгпдшлутуыы. Bioavailability radars of researched substances have been constructed, demonstrating significantly drug-like properties. Also, for the first time, using the molecular docking method, the significant inhibition potential of the main protease of the SARS-CoV-2 virus by all the compounds under study was demonstrated.
Antioxidant interactions among some natural compounds in grapes
Authors: Vicol Crina , Duca Gheorghe
Published: April 2024

In this study, the antioxidant interactions between natural grape compounds such as catechin, resveratrol, ascorbic acid, dihydroxyfumaric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid and the ecological preparation ENOXIL were investigated. UV-VIS and Stopped-Flow spectrometric methods were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity using tests such as: DPPH, ABTS, Folin-Ciocalteu, FRAP,according to existing protocols in the literature. It was also investigated how the solvent (water, ethanol), wine matrix and phosphate buffer influence the antioxidant activity of these compounds and the types of antioxidant interactions between them. The results indicated the presence of synergistic effects between ascorbic acid and tartaric, citric, dihydroxyfumaric, ENOXIL and catechin acids. In particular, it was established that the catechin – ascorbic acid mixture exhibits an antioxidant activity that depends on the concentration of the acid. In contrast, the resveratrol - catechin combination shows antagonistic effects, suggesting that these two compounds may cancel each other out in terms of their antioxidant activity. It was also found that, in the wine matrix, the compounds have a significantly higher antioxidant activity than in ethanol. The preparation ENOXIL has been shown to have increased reducing properties in phosphate buffer solution. These results provide a better understanding of how compounds in grapes interact with each other and with the environment in terms of their antioxidant activity. These findings may be useful in the development of effective antioxidant products or dietary supplements.
NMR spectral data - notable testimony in antioxidant interactions research: case studies of some grape metabolites
Authors: Gorincioi Elena , Barba Alic , Vicol Crina
Published: April 2024

Current research portrays the natural antioxidant systems in wine: trans- resveratrol-L-ascorbic acid and dihydroxyfumaric acid-L-ascorbic acid, in an attempt to model and elucidate plausible interactions between naturally occurring antioxidants in grapes and wine based on of the scavenging activity of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) radicals by the named antioxidants and relying on 13 C and 1 H NMR spectroscopy data as a method of investigation. The evidence provided by the NMR experiments was compared with the UV-VIS spectroscopy data. For the trans- resveratrol-L-ascorbic acid system, based on the 13 C NMR method, the formation of trans-resveratrol oligomers (viniferins) was demonstrated as an effect of oxidation, in a process assisted by DPPH•. By comparing the 13 C NMR spectral results with the UV- VIS data, it was established that pronounced synergistic effects in the mentioned system are present precisely in the experimental cases for which the presence of viniferins was attested. For the dihydroxyfumaric acid-L-ascorbic acid system, the oxidation of dihydroxyfumaric acid to diketosuccinic acid, described in the literature, was not attested. Instead, through 1 H and 13 C NMR spectral studies, it was established that as a result of the interaction of dihydroxyfumaric acid with DPPH•, acid degradation occurs. The exact identification of the products of the transformation of dihydroxyfumaric acid was hindered by the secondary processes involved, with the major involvement of dihydroxyfumaric acid, namely the polymerization of acetone, triggered by dihydroxyfumaric acid, with the participation of methanol. These conclusions are supported on the basis of two-dimensional NMR experiments: 1 H/ 13 C HMBC and 1 H/ 13 C HSQC and DOSY.
Study of the redox processes in biochemical systems in the presence of antioxidants
Authors: Duca Gheorghe , Covaliov Victor , Covaliova Olga , Romanciuc Lidia , Tasca Corina
Published: April 2024

Waste from the agro-industrial sector, due to its toxic effects on plants and living organisms, cannot be thrown into the ground. At the same time, they can also serve as a renewable source of value-added products, which can be obtained following specific biochemical treatment. This research focused on studies of biomass fermentation processes in the presence of bioactive substances introduced directly into the digested biomass. The study of the effects of bioactive substances with possible antioxidant properties on the biomass of the wine sector with the identification of the mechanisms of these processes represents a direction of perspective, suggesting new ways of valorizing waste. The obtained results show that the biologically active substances of natural origin used as additives in the vinasse digestion process demonstrate pronounced effects on the alcoholic fermentation of vinasse under mesophilic conditions. The comparative evaluation of the action of different additions in the studied processes demonstrated that dihydroxyfumaric acid determined the emission of 266 cm3 CO2 in 76 hours, aescinum – 251 cm3 in 55 hours, tomatine – 233 cm3 in 78 hours, sclareol – 232 cm3 in 55 hours. hours, vanillin – 229 cm3 during 69 hours, while catechin – 180 cm3 during 61 hours of fermentation, until the fermentation process is completed. It was shown that the addition of complex compounds and Co(III) allows obtaining cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the semi-solid fraction formed after fermentation. As a result of the treatment, CCOCr and CBO5 values were reduced by 96.6-97.8%. Also, two preparations were developed for the treatment of organic waste: one for removing the unpleasant smell of semi-solid sludge resulting from municipal wastewater treatment, by inhibiting the development of thiol substances formed as a result of the vital action of microorganisms from the digestate formed, and the other the second preparation - for deworming stabilized sewage treatment sludge using juglon. Both technological processes can be recommended for practical application.
Monitoring of chemical self-purification processes in water systems based on kinetic indicators
Authors: Bunduchi Elena , Duca Gheorghe , Gladchi Viorica
Published: April 2024

In the present paper, data are presented on the content and temporal dynamics of hydrogen peroxide [H2O2], peroxidase reducers [Red], kinetic redox state (ox./inst./red.) and the effective radical chain termination constant in oxidation processes with the participation of •OH radicals, for some natural waters. The monitoring period covered the years 2020-2022. The monitoring highlighted the presence of low amounts of H2O2 (˂ 10 g/L), but more often the absence of this oxidant in all the investigated waters, which shows that out of the total reducing substances present in the waters, the substances that are preferentially oxidized by to H2O2. Aquatic objects constantly face a shortage of hydrogen peroxide. As a result the redox kinetic state of the waters was frequently either unstable or reducing. It is mentioned that the monitored waters were polluted with •OH radical scavengers. The degree of pollution varies from slightly polluted (≈ 2.0·105 s-1 ) to highly polluted (> 10.0·105 s-1). The Ichel river and the Danceni lake are the aquatic objects in which the processes of radical self-purification are slowed down. The data do not reveal that the waters of the tributaries increase the pollution of the Dniester waters.
Modeling of water self-purification processes in the presence of thiolic compounds
Authors: Lis Angela , Duca Gheorghe , Gladchi Viorica , Bunduchi Elena , Blonschi Vladislav
Published: April 2024

Thiol substances present in natural aquatic systems fall into two categories: native substances such as cysteine (Cys) and glutathione (GSH) and non-native substances such as thiourea (TU) and thioglycolic acid (ATG). In this paper, the results of the study of the influence of Cys, GSH, TU and ATG on the photochemical transformation processes in various model systems are presented with the aim of estimating their role in the chemical self-purification processes of aquatic systems. The obtained results show that Cys, GSH and TU undergo direct photolysis, and ATG - does not. According to the quantum yield values, it was determined that the probability of direct photolysis of Cys and GSH is minimal, since they are many subunits, upon irradiation with SS, Filter AM1.5 D, which simulates solar radiation. As a result it was demonstrated that TU, Cys, GSH and ATG, under the conditions of natural aquatic systems will predominantly undergo H2O2-induced photolysis. According to the half-life parameter of thiols, their persistence in water will increase in the TU-Cys-GSH-ATG series, the most easily photodegradable being TU, and the most persistent – ATG. Practical results confirm that the studied thiols interact with Cu(II) and Fe(III) ions and form complexes, which are much more reactive when interacting with OH radicals compared to essential thiols. As a result of the research, it was demonstrated that thiol substances, according to their behavior in the self-purification processes of aquatic systems, are divided into two groups: TU and GSH, which are effective acceptors of OH radicals, respectively, lead to a decrease in the intensity of the chemical self-purification processes of of aquatic systems and Cys and ATG, which participate in the regeneration of OH radicals, respectively intensify the chemical self-purification processes of aquatic systems.
Assessment of the redox self-purification system capacity in the Dánceni lake waters polluted with thiols and vitamins
Authors: Bunduchi Elena , Borodaev Ruslan , Gladchi Viorica , Lis Angela
Published: April 2024

On the example of the waters of Lake Danceni and of some substances from the thiol group (cysteine, glutathione) and pharmaceutical forms of vitamins from the B complex (B 6 , B 9 , B 12 ), in concentrations that model the pollution situation in natural waters, research was carried out to establish the pollutant load that can be accepted by natural waters so that they remove pollution and maintain their self-purification capacity. The self-purification processes were monitored by parameters such as: pH, degree of oxygen saturation, permanganateometric oxidizability, inhibition capacity. Research has shown that the self-purification potential of the natural aquatic system becomes vulnerable to concentrations of thiols of the order of 0.8·10-4 M, and in the case of vitamins, these concentrations are triggering factors of the irreversible "redox toxicity" situation in natural aquatic systems.
Chemical composition, pollution and self-purification processes of the Dnistre river in the Dubăsari dam portion (upstream Răut river) - Vadul lui Vodă city (upstream Ichel river). Years 2020 – 2022
Authors: Gladchi Viorica , Blonschi Vladislav , Bunduchi Elena , Lis Angela
Published: April 2024

The article includes the results of the monitoring of the waters of the Dniester river in the portion of the Dubasari dam, upstream of the Raut river - town Vadul lui Vodă, downstream of the Ichel river during the years 2020-2022. The traditional hydrochemical parameters are analyzed, which represent the dynamics of macroelements, mineralization and the hydrochemical index of the river waters. In the same way, the oxygen regime of the waters, the variation of different mineral forms of the biogenic elements, as well as the degree of water pollution with organic substances of different types were analyzed. The obtained results indicate the influence of the waters of the Raut tributary on the hydrochemical parameters of the Dniester in the monitored portion and an advanced degree of pollution of the river waters with hard-to-degradable organic substances, which are mostly of anthropogenic origin.
Dynamics of the thiolic compounds contents in lotic and lentic waters in the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Blonschi Vladislav , Gladchi Viorica
Published: April 2024

This study presents the results of monitoring the content of thiol compounds in the waters of the Dniester River, its tributaries, the Raut and Ichel rivers, the Ghidighici and Danceni lakes. Their influence on the load of thiol compounds in the river waters is analyzed. The seasonal variation of thiols, determined in the Dniester waters upstream and downstream of the Răut river, in the waters of the Ichel and Raut rivers, indicates the predominantly natural origin of these compounds, and the lack of seasonal dynamics of thiol content in the Dniester waters after the discharge of the two tributaries indicates about a low water self-purification capacity and at the same time a negative influence of the Dniester tributaries on the river as a living environment for hydrobionts. It was established that the thiol compounds in the two studied lakes are of natural origin, respectively they are natural compounds of the surface waters.
Contents and migration regularities of various existential forms of copper and iron in the lower Dniester river basin during 2015-2022
Authors: Borodaev Ruslan
Published: April 2024

The chapter studied the migration of iron(III) and copper(II) in the water of the Lower Dniester river section and its basin. The results of the study for the years 2015-2022 are presented in the form of the distribution of metals among the forms of migration in the Dniester, Raut, Ichel rivers, as well as in the Ghidighici and Danceni reservoirs. For each natural water object, the results of the statistical modeling are also presented, where the concentrations of different forms of metal migration are related to natural water quality indicators. It was established that copper migrates preferentially in colloidal-dissolved forms and iron in suspended forms. Radical processes of self-purification of natural water are possible in the water of the Dniester with the participation of colloidal-dissolved forms of copper and in the water of reservoirs with the participation of colloidal-dissolved forms of iron. The processes of chemical self-purification of the water of the Dniester tributaries (Raut, Ichel) probably take place only through the ion-molecular mechanism.
Heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation with titanium dioxide of antibiotics and anti-inflammatories from aqueous solutions
Authors: Gonta Maria , Mocanu Larisa , Matveevici Vera
Published: April 2024

In recent years, the problem of pollution of water sources with various pharmaceutical preparations and their metabolites has become topical around the world. Currently the solution to the problem of complete removal of residues of pharmaceutical substances and other substances from wastewater is associated with the use of advanced oxidative processes (AOPs). In the given work, kinetic models of heterogeneous photooxidation/mineralization of some antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs and the mixture of drugs (amoxocillin (AMX), cephalexin (CLX), diclofenac sodium (DCF)) were studied under UV irradiation in the presence of carbon dioxide titanium. The oxidation process was studied by spectrophotometric methods after the variation of the concentration of individual medicinal substances (MS), as well as after the total concentration of organic substances by determining the CCOCr values. The degradation of SM in the process of heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation in different model systems (SM/TiO2/UV, SM/TiO2/H2O2/UV) and the transformation of substrates into simpler compounds was studied, depending on different parameters, namely: hydrogen peroxide concentration and of catalysts, temperature, reaction time and pH value. As a result of the experimental studies, the oxidation conditions were optimized according to the concentration of H2O2, TiO2 and the wavelength of UV radiation for heterogeneous photocatalysis. In the photooxidation/heterogeneous mineralization process of SM, the optimal concentrations of TiO2 were determined, in the presence and absence of hydrogen peroxide, thus establishing the optimal ratios between the oxidant and the catalysts. It was found that the rate of heterogeneous photooxidation, the rate constants and the degree of degradation/mineralization of AMX and DCF are higher compared to CLX, which is determined by their chemical structure, in particular, the structure of the benzene ring. AMX and DCF contain 1st-order substituents in the structure of the benzene ring, which lead to an increase in electron density and an increase in substrate reactivity, thus increasing the rate of oxidation and degradation of these pollutants.
Polyphenols from Moldova wines and their involvement in antioxidant and anti-stress processes
Authors: Sturza Rodica , Covaci Ecaterina , Subotin Iurie , Druta Raisa , Duca Gheorghe
Published: April 2024

The present study analyzes the related antioxidant and anti-stress properties of grape and wine polyphenols, as well as their impact on oxidative processes in food, affecting different classes of compounds: fatty acids, vitamins, amino acids. The composition, antioxidant activity and possible reaction mechanisms of flavonoids, flavonols, flavones, anthocyanidins are detailed. The composition of individual polyphenols and the antioxidant activity of Moldovan wines of autochthonous varieties were investigated. It was found that the local Moldovan wines: red - Rara Neagra, Feteasca Neagra and white - Feteasca Alba, Feteasca Regala, Viorica present genuine sources of bioactive compounds, with important antioxidant capacity. Among the important polyphenols, the major compounds determined in all samples were gallic acid, resveratrol, caffeic acid, catechin, epicatechin and procyanidins
Impact of chemical elements determined by the neutron activation analysis on ambient environment quality in the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Zinicovscaia Inga , Duca Gheorghe
Published: April 2024

Environmental pollution has become one of the most important problems in many countries of the world, including the Republic of Moldova. For the first time in the Republic of Moldova, neutron activation analysis was used to evaluate the content of chemical elements in mosses, soils, fruits, and medicinal plants. The simultaneous determination of a considerable number of chemical elements allowed the assessment of the state of the environment based on these data. This proposal established the optimal physico-chemical conditions for the removal of rare earths, which are of economic and ecological interest, using biological sorbents. Determining theelemental composition of medium samples is extremely important for estimating their quality and impact on consumer health, as well as establishing their provenance. While the results obtained for sorbents can be used for the development of metal removal methods with the aim of reducing their concentrations to the maximum permissible limits and recovering precious elements.
Kamu Diplomasisinin Bir Aktörü Olarak Sivil Toplum Kuruluşları: Eleştirel Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Şahinoğlu Muhammet Cemal , Seleş Adem
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışmada kamu diplomasisi ile kamu diplomasinin en etkili aktörlerinden biri olarak kabul edilen sivil toplum kuruluşları (STK) arasındaki ilişki analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın temel iddiası STK’ların kamu diplomasisi aktörü olarak faaliyet gösteremeyeceğidir. Çünkü STK’lar kuruluş amaçları gereği bağımsız olmak zorundadırlar. Bu nedenle STK’lar bir kişinin, grubun, kurumun ya da devletin çıkarları için hareket edemez. Oysa kamu diplomasisi siyasi bir amaç güder ve faaliyetlerinin tamamı devlete içkindir. Elbette STK’ların gerçekleştirdiği kimi faaliyetler devletlerin kamu diplomasisi hedeflerine katkıda bulunabilir. Fakat burada kastedilen STK’ların doğrudan bir kamu diplomasisi saikiyle hareket edemeyeceğidir. Böyle bir durumda söz konusu kuruluşlar STK değil, devlet destekli/güdümlü kuruluş, yani literatürdeki ifadesiyle GONGO (Government Organised Non-Governmental Organisation) haline gelirler. Zaten GONGO tanım olarak, hükûmet tarafından oluşturulmuş STK anlamına gelmektedir. Bu bağlamda doğrudan devlet ya da devletin resmî kurumları tarafından bir araç olarak kullanılan bu örgütler, STK olarak tanımlanamazlar. Aksi bir durum STK’ların meşruiyetinin ve özellikle bağımsızlığının sorgulanmasına neden olacaktır. Mevcut çalışma, sivil toplumun vücut bulmuş hali olan ve demokrasinin olmazsa olmazı olarak kabul edilen STK’ların, kamu diplomasisinin bir aracı olarak hareket edemeyeceğini STK’ların özellikleri üzerinden eleştirel bir bakışla değerlendirmektedir. Çalışmada literatür taraması yönteminden faydalanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre STK’lar var oluş amaçları gereği siyasi ve mali olarak bağımsız olması gereken kuruluşlardır. Bu nedenle kamu diplomasisinin bir aktörü olamaz veya bu saikle hareket edemezler.
Anxiety and Depression Prevalence in Free Clinic Patients
Authors: Kovarik Jack , Bokelman Macie , Smith Margaret
Published: April 2024

Background: Disparities in mental health services are often observed in under-resourced low-income communities, which are at an increased risk for compromised mental health. By surveying patients at JayDoc Free Clinic, a student-run free clinic (SRFC) in Kansas City, Kansas, this study sought to as-sess the prevalence of depression and anxiety and compare screening outcomes among various de-mographic groups seeking safety-net care.Methods: From May through November 2022, patients aged 12 and older were offered a Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and demographic survey. Demo-graphic variables included household income, gender, insurance status, and race and ethnicity. GAD-7 and PHQ-9 questionnaire scores were categorized into minimal, mild, moderate, or severe catego-ries. Relationships between demographic variables and scores on screening questionnaires were an-alyzed using multivariable analyses, with linear regression and analysis of variance one-way tests for significance (p-value <0.05).Results: Of 232 participants who consented to the study, 222 completed the GAD-7 and 228 com-pleted the PHQ-9. In comparison to 2019 United States national data, the percentage of respondents experiencing anxiety and depression was greater across all severity classifications. Approximately 18.1% reported symptoms of moderate to severe anxiety and 21.5% reported symptoms of moderate to severe depression, compared to national distributions of 6.1% and 7%, respectively. Of 232 participants, 54 completed the demographic survey. There was no correlation between PHQ-9 scores or GAD-7 scores and gender, household income, insurance status.Conclusion: While no association was identified between screening outcomes and demographic var-iables, the findings that the prevalence of anxiety and depression at JayDoc SRFC is greater than na-tional rates reaffirm the need for accessible mental health services for patients receiving care at SRFCs. This study provides insight into the status of mental health in an SRFC patient population and discusses mental health screening implementation at SRFCs.
Contribution of Bone Scintigraphy in benign bone pathology
Authors: Seddouki Assia , Chkikar Sofia , Kpekpeou Essomada , Goudira Mehdi , Ismaili Alaoui Nadia
Published: April 2024

This work provides an overview of the effectiveness of bone scintigraphy and its role in diagnosing various benign conditions in the Nuclear Medicine Department of the University Hospital of Fez. It analyzes the criteria for selecting scintigraphy as a diagnostic tool and outlines the principles, key features, and protocols involved. These details support clinicians in confirming their diagnostic reasoning when evaluating musculoskeletal lesions or bone abnormalities, guiding their choice of imaging modalities. Clinicians initiate the diagnostic process by identifying relevant clinical factors and areas of uncertainty, leading to a preliminary diagnosis. Subsequently, nuclear physicians tailor the scintigraphy examination to address the specific clinical concerns. It's important to note that the clinical cases presented serve as illustrative examples rather than definitive benchmarks for image quality or equipment settings. They are intended to stimulate individual reflection based on each unique clinical scenario.
Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva and Bone Scintigraphy
Authors: CHKIKAR Sofia , SEDDOUKI Assia , ISMAILI ALAOUI Nadia
Published: April 2024

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is an exceptionally rare autosomal dominant condition characterized by malformations of the big toes and progressive extra-skeletal ossifications in distinct anatomical patterns. In FOP, heterotopic ossification (HO) occurs episodically, resulting from spontaneous flare-ups or trauma, leading to cumulative disability. Bone scintigraphy with 99mTc-MDP combined with SPECT-CT is instrumental in early detection, diagnosis, staging, and disease monitoring by highlighting HO sites.