bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revisiting Indonesian Legal Framework for Juvenile Justice: Ensuring Procedural Rights for Assault Offenders
Authors: Alhakim Abdurrakhman , Febriyani Emiliya , Tan Winsherly , Hutauruk Rufinus Hotmaulana
Published: October 2024

Assault crimes are violent by nature and are often perceived as a serious threat to public safety. However, the complexity of each crime needs to be analyzed thoroughly in a legal procedure to make sure that important values and principles are applied. This is particularly important among juvenile offenders, where the enforcement of justice needs to be upheld without sacrificing the future of youth. This research is done to analyze the challenges in ensuring procedural rights for juvenile assault offenders in Indonesia. Through the normative legal research method combined with a statutory approach, this research uncovers the legal challenges that juveniles face in accessing their procedural rights in Indonesia’s juvenile justice system and how these challenges can be improved. Analysis of this research finds that the Indonesian legal framework is still lacking in many ways, particularly in ensuring the right to ease of access to information regarding the case and the protection of privacy. The analysisThe analysis also shows that these issues cause conflicts with other laws, constitutional principles, and international standards. This research not only highlights the gaps in Indonesia’s juvenile justice system but also lays a theoretical foundation for developing a more holistic and rights-based approach to juvenile justice reform.
Juridical Analysis of Indonesian Parliamentary Ethical Committee: Analyzing Supervision Function within Indonesian Parliament
Authors: Widodo Wahyu , Galang Windi Pratama Toebagus , Orwela Citra
Published: October 2024

This research was made under the basis that the role of the People's Representative Council (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat/DPR) the Republic of Indonesia supervision that fell to the Parliamentary Ethical Committee (Mahkamah Kehormatan Dewan/MKD) has not yet been fair and how to ensure that the Ethical Implementation in Indonesian Parliament can be done properly in a constructivism paradigm where the type of research method used is normative juridical and the specifications of this research have a descriptive-analytical nature with the approach used by the author being a statutory approach. The research results found that the supervision by the DPR of the Republic of Indonesia Honorary Court has not yet been fair was because most of Ethical Committee Member were fellow DPR Member causing the political interests of the respective political parties does not want their members to be sanctioned, even at the cost of not upholding the DPR ethics. Therefore, to improve the system for handling cases and supervision, the DPR Honorary Body, researchers found several solutions that can be implemented based on comparisons with Ethics Committees in the Parliaments of other countries. First, strengthening the independence of the Ethical Committee through external, non-partisan selection processes would mitigate political influence. Clearer ethical codes with enforceable penalties are crucial, ensuring accountability for violations. Legal protections to shield Ethical Committee decisions from political pressures are also proposed. Expanding Ethical Committee authority and sanctions, alongside mandatory public reporting, would enhance transparency and compliance. These reforms aim to address current challenges and elevate ethical standards within the Indonesian Parliament effectively.
Detection of Dominant Rainfall Patterns in Indonesian Regions Using Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) and Its Relation with ENSO and IOD Events
Authors: Ariska Melly , Suhadi  , Supari  , Irfan Muhammad , Iskandar Iskhaq
Published: October 2024

Several studies indicate that Indonesia’s position on the equator, where winds from the northern and southern hemispheres converge, leads to year-round rainfall in Indonesia. Previous studies have also shown the presence of monsoon winds over Indonesia, which causes rain in Indonesia to follow the Asian and Australian monsoon wind patterns. Recently, variations in rainfall patterns and intensity in Indonesia have been highly volatile and difficult to predict. This study uses gridded data analysis of ocean-atmospheric rainfall for 69 years (1948–2016) to detect monsoonal, equatorial, and local signals and relate them to ENSO and IOD events. Rainfall analysis reveals that the first mode accounts for 38.57%, the second 13.92%, and the third 8.93% of the total variance. These results show that these variants are very variable, both in space and time. Monsoonal patterns were detected in the southern region of Indonesia, equatorial patterns in northern Sumatra and western Kalimantan, while local patterns were detected in Maluku and the Maluku Islands. Furthermore, the monsoonal and local rainfall patterns are strongly correlated (> 0.85) with local SST, but the equatorial rainfall pattern is weakly correlated (< 0.5) with local SST. Note that the equatorial pattern is associated with the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) phase. The varied vector correlation map illustrates the asymmetric fluctuations in sea surface temperature and the simultaneous existence of winds coming from the west from the Indian Ocean and winds coming from the east from the Pacific Ocean during the period of heavy precipitation.
Novel Micrococcus unila to Produce Glucosamine by Solid-state Fermentation of Shrimp Shell Waste
Authors: Setiawan Wawan Abdullah , Setiawan Andi , Salsabila Nafila Khansa , Widyastuti Widyastuti , Laila Aspita , Juliasih Ni Luh Gede Ratna , Irawan Bambang , Ahmadi Peni , Apriliana Ety , Arai Masayoshi , Hendri John
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to assess glucosamine production through enzymatic activity, utilizing actinomycetes sourced from shrimp shell waste (SSW) in a solid-state fermentation (SSF) process. A total of 16 actinomycetes underwent chitinase activity screening, and the strain exhibiting the highest chitinolytic index was chosen for subsequent morphological and phylogenetic analyses. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was employed to analyze glucosamine produced from the bioconversion of SSW via SSF. Optimal conditions for glucosamine production were determined by varying time, pH, and temperature. Isolate 18D36-A2 showed the highest chitinolytic index of 1.02 in the 32-mm clean zone. Phylogenetic analysis revealed 97% similarity to the genus Micrococcus, identifying it as a novel Micrococcus unila strain 18D36-A2 and deposited in GenBank. This isolate effectively converted shrimp shells. The findings showcase the bioconversion of SSW to glucosamine through SSF using the Micrococcus unila 18D36-A2. Furthermore, this study establishes a foundation for future research on environmentally friendly and sustainable designs for glucosamine production.
Isolation and Characterization of Cellulose Nanofibrils (CNF) from Dates by-Product via Citric Acid Hydrolysis
Authors: Aisy Laaili Azti Rohaadatul , Kemala Tetty , Suryanegara Lisman , Purwaningsih Henny
Published: October 2024

Industrial residues that are not optimally utilized are removed by burning, landfilling, or dumping, which can threaten the environment and health. In fact, part of this agro-industrial waste still has content that has the potential to become raw material for value-added other industries. Dates by-product as residue of the fiber-rich fruit industry have the potential to be a source of nanocellulose. This study aims to obtain nanofibril cellulose (CNF) isolates from dates by-product via citric acid hydrolysis, and investigate the effect of acid concentration on the unknown dates by-product CNF isolate characteristics. Pretreatment such as delignification and bleaching is needed to obtain cellulose isolate with high purity. Furthermore, acid hydrolysis, centrifugation, and sonication are performed to obtain CNF. CNF isolates are characterized by the analysis of particle size distribution, morphology, and crystallinity. Analysis of functional groups and lignocellulose content test confirm that lignin and hemicellulose are degraded during isolation. The particle size distribution measurement shows that the greater the acid concentration, the smaller the CNF size and the better the size uniformity. The morphology of the CNF obtained is net-like fibers. The degree of crystallinity shown decreases with increasing acid concentration. This study revealed that different citric acid concentrations can result in different characteristics of CNF isolates.
The Effect of Adding Minor Actinide Fuel Rods on GFR Reactor in Radiopharmaceutical Waste Production Using OpenMC Program
Authors: Syarifah Ratna Dewi , Prasetya Fajri , Mabruri Ahmad Muzaki , Arkundato Artoto , Trianti Nuri
Published: October 2024

GFR is a generation IV reactor based on helium gas refrigeration capable of working at very high temperatures. The fast spectrum in this reactor makes it possible to use nitride-based fuel, namely Uranium Plutonium Nitride (UN-PuN). Adding minor actinide (MA) material to the primary fuel, UN-PuN can maximize reactor performance to near critical from the beginning to the end of burn-up. This study aims to analyze the effect of adding MA fuel rods to the heterogeneous core of 5 fuel variations (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5) on the probability of radiopharmaceutical waste production. The method in this research is to place MA fuel rods in this study using four designs based on the highest neutron flux value in one fuel assembly. The results of the neutron flux calculation show that the reactor’s active core’s central region (F1, F2, F3) needs to be added to MA fuel rods so that the resulting flux is more evenly distributed. The calculation of reactor criticality shows that Np fuel rod design 4 and Am fuel rod design 1 have the best keff value (keff ≈ 1) among other designs. The burn-up of MA fuel rods produces a minimal probability of producing Tc99m, Sr89, Y90, Rh105, Ag111, I231, and Sm15 radiopharmaceutical waste, even less than 1 kg.
Diamagnetic to Ferromagnetic Like Transition of Non-Stoichiometry Barium Titanate (BaTiO3-x) Prepared by Sol-gel Method
Authors: Soegijono Bambang , Susetyo Ferry Budhi , Notonegoro Hamdan Akbar , Raksa Teguh Yoga
Published: October 2024

The oxygen vacancy properties are significant, creating ferromagnetic properties of material in metal oxide systems like dilute magnetic semiconductors. An aqueous sol-gel method has been used in the present study to synthesize non-stoichiometry BaTiO3-x polycrystalline. In an attempt of examining the oxygen deficiency consequences on the magnetic properties, the gel samples were sintered (1000◦C) at various times (6, 12, 18, and 24 hours) under a vacuum environment. This study employs an X-ray diffraction apparatus in terms of characterizing segments and structures of the samples. It also investigates morphology and element distribution on the surface of the samples exploiting an Electron microscope where Energy dispersive spectroscopy is supplied. For the purpose of characterizing the magnetic properties of the samples, it applies vibrating sample magnetometers. The chemical state of the element and its corresponding bond to other elements was identified using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Single-phase compounds were observed. The crystal system is tetragonal, but the crystal parameters are different. Increase sintering time leads to increase crystallite size and decrease in micro strain. Moreover, sintering in a vacuum environment results in oxygen deficiency and leads to the atomic ratio of Ba/Ti change as the sintering time increases. The Ba/Ti ratio change affects the transformation from diamagnetic to ferromagnetic-like. The elements (Ba, Ti and O) chemical state is shown and its bonding to the corresponding element along with the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy pattern of the BTX2 sample. The element of oxygen binds to Ti and Ba while Ba element exists in two chemical states.
Optimization of a Modified QuEChERS Method of Experimental Design for Vitamin B2, B3, B6 and B9 in Powder Formula Milk by HPLC/DAD
Authors: Thi Ngoc-Van Nguyen , Duong Ngan Tuyet , Pham Thanh Tuan , Duong Chau Ngoc , Thi Cam-Thuy Le , Pham Kieu Bich , Nguyen Kien Trung
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this work is to use HPLC/DAD to ascertain the best extraction and cleanup conditions for various forms of vitamin B in powder formula milk. The QuEChERS method’s key variables were optimized using a Box-Behnken design with 3-level 4-variable and Minimum-Run Resolution IV Screening Design. Following the selection of the best experimental setup, the suggested approach was applied to quantify four vitamins B (B2, B3, B6, and B9) in powder formula milk matrix by HPLC/PDA in accordance with AOAC and ICH guidelines. When taking into account the performance standards given in this guideline, the approach presented recovery between 83.55 and 108.43 for 4 B vitamins, which is adequate. The intra-day and inter day percentage relative standard deviations were 1.66 to 2.75% and 0.47 to 4.78%, respectively. Furthermore, the technique enabled the determination of low detection limits in less than 25 minutes of analytical time. The proposed method’s excellent accuracy, precision, and efficiency made it acceptable for regular B vitamin analysis when applied to powder formula milk samples. The findings confirmed that the modified QuEChERS technique is appropriate for routinely assessing B vitamin levels in powder formula milk matrix.
Modelling of Claim and Pricing of Motor Insurance Based on Bonus-Malus System Considering the Frequency and Severity of Claims
Authors: Hengcharoensuk Jiramet , Phanmai Konlawat , Moumeesri Adisak
Published: October 2024

This article proposes new distributions for claim frequency and severity, specifically tailored for a bonus-malus system in automobile insurance. The mixed Poisson with weighted quasi Lindley distribution is recommended for modeling claim frequency, while the mixed exponential with weighted quasi Lindley distribution is suggested for modeling claim severity. To estimate insurance premiums, the Bayesian method is employed, incorporating both frequency and severity distributions. The study validates the proposed models using real data from an Australian insurance company, which includes 67,856 policies. The assessment of model adequacy indicates that the Poisson-weighted quasi Lindley distribution is a suitable fit for modeling claim frequency, while the exponential-weighted quasi Lindley distribution is appropriate for modeling claim severity. Overall, the results suggest that the proposed models offer optimal premium estimations, considering both claim frequency and severity, which can lead to fairer pricing and increased customer appeal during claim occurrences compared to conventional models.
Methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES) Surfactant Production from Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) with Microwave Technology
Authors: Qadariyah Lailatul , Ryvalda Dhea Septyanonie , Aditama Narendra Yudha , Aswie Viqhi , Mahfud Mahfud
Published: October 2024

Traction Energy Asia 2020 reported that 3 million kilolitres of WCO were collected in Indonesia in 2019, 1.6 million kilolitres from urban households. WCO poses risks due to common reuse or disposal. Repurposing for MES surfactant is vital. Hence, this study aims to produce an MES surfactant from WCO feedstock using NaHSO3 as a microwave-assisted reactant by observing the influence of variables such as reactant mole ratio, catalyst concentration, sulfonation reaction time, and microwave power. The adsorption method involves vacuum filtration of WCO to remove impurities, mixing with activated carbon, and settling before a second filtration. Transesterification transforms WCO into methyl ester through mixing with methoxide solution with a molar ratio of methanol to WCO of 1:9 and a 1 wet% NaOH catalyst based on WCO, followed by washing and drying. Sulfonation involves reacting methyl ester with NaHSO3 (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4) and CaO catalyst (1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%). The reaction occurs in a microwave at power variations of 300, 450, 600, and 750 Watts, as well as with variations in time of 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 minutes. After that, it ends with purifying and neutralizing to produce MES. The optimal conditions for MES production are a 1:2 molar ratio of reactants, 1.5% CaO catalyst concentration, 20 minutes, and 450 W, yielding 48.06%. MES characteristics: pale yellow color, density of 0.859 g/cm3, viscosity of 1.780 cSt, and surface tension of 32.62 dyne/cm. FTIR analysis confirms sulfonic acid groups at 1195.27 cm−1 and 1169.1 cm−1 wavelengths.
Some Coefficient Problems for Subclasses of Holomorphic Functions in Complex Order Associating Sălăgeăn q-Differential Operator
Authors: Yie Tseu Suet , Janteng Aini , Abbas Muhammad
Published: October 2024

A function with complex values and at every point of the specific domain contains a derivative is commonly known as analytic functions which is also referred as holomorphic functions. We begin by interpreting \(A\) as the class for all holomorphic functions \(L(\xi)\) with a Taylor series expansion written in the form: \[L(\xi) = \xi + \sum_{i=2}^{\infty} x_i \xi^i\] where \(x_i \in \mathbb{C}\) and \(\xi \in D\). \(D\) is the open unit disk where \(D = \{\xi : \xi \in \mathbb{C}, |\xi| < 1 \}\). Furthermore, we suggest the subclass of \(A\) that is univalent in \(D\) represented as \(S\). It is commonly known that the main subclasses of class \(S\) are the class of starlike functions and the class of convex functions. To develop and analyze the Fekete-Szegö problems, the theory of geometric function contributes significantly to this. Moreover, the frequent use of \(q\)-calculus as a general direction of research among mathematicians has caught our attention. In this research, we attained the initial coefficients, \(x_2\) and \(x_3\), and the upper bound for the functional \(|x_3 - \nu x_2^2|\) of functions \(L\) in the two new subclasses that are introduced by involving the Sălăgeăn \(q\)-differential operator, \(M_q^\eta L(\xi)\) and the definition of subordination.
Carbon Micron-size Content Dependency in Epoxy/Carbon Composite Coated onto SPCC Plate for Automotive Bodies Protection
Authors: Anggrainy Rani , Susetyo Ferry Budhi , Lubi Ahmad , Yudanto Sigit Dwi , Rosyidan Cahaya , Soegijono Bambang , Ajiriyanto Maman Kartaman , Kurniawan Ova , Nanto Dwi
Published: October 2024

Conventional epoxy coating for surface metal corrosion protection reported many unsolved technical problems. Adding filler in the epoxy could enhance the promising properties of the composite coating. Our work describes in detail the synthesizing and characterizing epoxy/carbon composite coating. Epoxy was mixed with thinner high gloss (HG) and hardener and stirred using a stirrer apparatus. After blending, various carbons were added (1 wt. %, 3 wt. %, and 5 wt. %) and then appropriately stirred. The different mixture composite was coated onto the steel plate cold rolled coiled (SPCC) plate using high-volume low-pressure (HVLP) in two passes. Various characterizations were performed, including crystallographic orientation, Infra-Red (IR)-spectra, surface morphology, thickness, hydrophobicity, hardness, and corrosion using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), portable dry film coating thickness (DFT), digital camera, Vickers microhardness tester, and Potentiostat, respectively. More carbon micron-sized content led to elevate the peak intensity, surface bumpiness, and hydrophobicity. The uppermost external bumpiness and hydrophobicity values are 23.51 µm and 101◦. Hardness depends on carbon content and more carbon leads to an increase in the hardness of the composited coating. The highest average Vickers hardness value is 28.24 HV. The coating thickness influenced the corrosion rate, more coating thickness promoted lesser corrosion rate. The highest coating thickness (60.8 µm) promoted a corrosion rate of around 5.65×10−4 mmpy.
Physical and Muscular Performance in a Professional Soccer Player with a Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Following an Isokinetic Exercise Program: A Case Report
Authors: Mostagi Fernanda QRC , Silva Pedro AC , Munaro Giovana R , Marcato Raiane G , Nampo Daniel B , Santiago Gabriel F , Obara Karen , Cardoso Jefferson R
Published: October 2024

Background and Purpose

The comprehensive treatment for an athlete who sustains a complete posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury remains unclear. The purpose of this case report is to describe the effects of an isokinetic exercise program on muscle performance and physical function in a professional soccer player with a PCL injury.

Study Design

Case Report

Case Description

A 23-year-old male professional soccer player injured his right knee (non-dominant) during a soccer match, with magnetic resonance imaging confirming a complete PCL rupture. The athlete completed 23 sessions of isokinetic treatment over nine weeks to improve physical function and muscle performance. The concentric mode was used to evaluate quadriceps and hamstrings performance isokinetically at angular velocities of 60 °/s, 120 °/s, and 300 °/s. The LEFS questionnaire was used to evaluate physical function. The assessment occurred before starting the treatment and at the end of nine weeks. An athlete with similar anthropometric characteristics was invited to participate and serve as a control, in order to better understand the athlete’s assessment results.

Outcomes

After nine weeks, peak torque normalized to body mass (PT/BM) improved to 4.0 N.m/kg for knee extensors (control: 3.6 Nm/kg) and 2.3 N.m/kg for knee flexors (control: 1.9 Nm/kg) at 60 °/s. This increase in PT was reflected in the hamstrings-to-quadriceps (H:Q) ratio post-treatment (57 %). At the end of treatment, the athlete returned to sports activities with 98.7 % restored physical function as measured by the LEFS (Score: 79 points).

Discussion

The results demonstrated that the isokinetic treatment improved knee functional capacity, with increased PT/BM for knee extensors and flexors and enhanced torque-holding capacity, indicating improved muscle performance.

Level of evidence

5
Relationship between Peak Eccentric Force during the Nordic Hamstring Exercise and One Repetition Maximum Deadlift Performance
Authors: Nishida Satoru , Ito Wataru , Ohishi Taisuke , Yoshida Riku , Sato Shigeru , Nakamura Masatoshi
Published: October 2024

Background

The Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) is useful for preventing hamstring strain injuries. However, its adoption rates in the sports field are currently low, necessitating a safe and efficient introduction.

Hypothesis/Purpose

The purpose was to examine the relationship between the eccentric force during the NHE and the one repetition maximum of deadlift. It was hypothesized that the eccentric force during the NHE would be correlated with the one repetition maximum (1RM) of the deadlift.

Study design

Cross-sectional study.

Methods

Healthy student rugby players with no history of hamstring tears were recruited to participate. The peak eccentric forces during the NHE, which is the vertical peak force on the part holding the leg, were measured in both legs, while gradually leaning forward to a prone position over three seconds. The 1RM of deadlift was calculated from the weight that could be raised three times during a deadlift (x kg) using the estimated formula (x kg / 0.93). The correlation between the left and right peak eccentric forces during the NHE, the total left and right forces, and the 1RM of the deadlift was examined using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, with all values corrected for body mass.

Results

During the NHE, the peak eccentric force of the right and left legs and the total peak eccentric force of both legs were 3.8 ± 1.1 N/BM, 3.8 ± 1.2 N/BM, and 7.6 ± 2.1 N/BM, respectively. The 1RM of deadlift was 1.9 ± 0.3 kg/BM. Weak correlations (r = 0.34–0.37) were found between the 1RM of the deadlift and the peak eccentric force in the right and left legs and the total peak eccentric force of both legs.

Conclusion

The present study revealed a weak correlation between the peak eccentric force during the NHE and 1RM of deadlift

Level of Evidence

2c
Relationship of Physical Factors to the Occurrence of Injuries in Young Gymnasts
Authors: Kobayashi Yuria , Nagano Yasuharu , Suzukawa Makoto
Published: October 2024

Background

There is a large population of young athletes who participate in gymnastics, and the prevention of injury in junior athletes is considered important. However, few studies have prospectively investigated the relationship between physical factors and the occurrence of injury.

Purpose

To investigate the physical characteristics that are factors in the injury occurrence in elementary and junior high school gymnasts.

Study Design

Prospective observational study.

Methods

A total of 36 healthy young gymnasts (at national competition level) were enrolled in the study. Once a week for 23 weeks, injuries were prospectively investigated using self-report questionnaires under the supervision of a research staff. Joint range of motion (hip, ankle, shoulder, and wrist), tightness (Thomas test, Ely test, straight leg raise [SLR], triceps surae, combined abduction test [CAT], horizontal flexion test [HFT]), and muscle elasticity (multifidus) were assessed to compare differences in physical function between injured and non-injured participants.

Results

Injuries occurred most commonly in the wrist (42.1%), lower back (30.2%), and foot (9.5%) among males, whereas heel (22.2%), knee (16.0%), and lower back (12.8%) were the most common injury sites among females. Wrist injuries in male athletes showed decreased shoulder joint range of motion, and lower back injuries showed decreased hip and shoulder joint range of motion. Lower back injuries in female athletes showed decreased hip extension mobility. Heel and knee joint injuries in females also showed increased range of motion and decreased tightness.

Conclusions

The results of this study indicate that the factors related to flexibility differ according to injury location. Further studies are required to clarify the physical factors that influence injury occurrence by examining the effects of the gymnasts’ muscle strength, age, individual factors, and left–right differences.

Level of Evidence

3
Inferior-Medial Dry Needling at the Thoracolumbar Junction: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Williams Christi L. , Curfman Sue E. , Lindsley Stacey R. , Falyar Christian R. , McConnell Ryan C.
Published: October 2024

Background

Dry needling (DN) has emerged as a popular therapeutic intervention for managing musculoskeletal pain. While major adverse events are generally rare, those that have been reported in vulnerable areas such as the spine and thorax can be serious and warrant further investigation regarding safe techniques in and around these areas.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to reproduce the methods employed by Williams et al. but with an inferior-medial multifidus DN technique to determine if a dry needle can penetrate the ligamentum flavum (LF) and breach the spinal canal at the thoracolumbar junction.

Study Design

Descriptive Cadaveric study.

Methods

The procedure was performed on a cadaver in the prone position. The needle was advanced under ultrasound guidance to determine if a 0.30 x 40 mm dry needle inserted lateral to the spinous process of T12 and directed inferior-medially could penetrate the LF and enter the spinal canal.

Results

A 0.30 x 40 mm dry needle inserted 1.9 cm lateral to the spinous process of T12 was able to traverse the space between the vertebral laminae of T12 and L1, penetrate the LF, and enter the spinal canal with an inferior-medial needle angulation of 33-degrees medial and 18-degrees inferior.

Conclusion

The results of this study demonstrate the feasibility of a dry needle entering the spinal canal at the thoracolumbar junction using an inferior-medial technique. These findings support the potential role of ultrasound guidance in the training and clinical practice of DN, especially in regions where safety issues have been documented.

Level of Evidence

Level IV.
The Clinical Utility of the Seated Wall Angel as a Test with Scoring
Authors: Kofoed Chad , Palmsten Allison , Diercks Jonathon , Obermeier Michael , Tompkins Marc , Chmielewski Terese L
Published: October 2024

Background

The seated wall angel (SWA) is an intervention to improve upper quarter mobility but has not been described as a clinical test with scoring.

Hypothesis/ Purpose

To explore the clinical utility of the SWA as a test with scoring. The authors hypothesized that SWA test scores would be lower on the injured than uninjured side, improve over time, and show stronger association with patient-reported shoulder function than shoulder mobility tests.

Study Design

Prospective cohort.

Methods

Patients diagnosed with anterior shoulder instability and referred to physical therapy participated. Testing occurred after physical therapy examination (initial) and six weeks later (follow-up). Rehabilitation was not controlled. Testing included clinical tests (SWA, passive shoulder external rotation range of motion, total arc of motion) and patient-reported outcomes including the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form, (ASES) and the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI). The SWA test was scored 0 to 3 points bilaterally based on number of body contacts with the wall (i.e., elbows and fingertips, posterior fingers, posterior forearm). Passive range of motion was measured with a standard goniometer. SWA scores were compared between sides at initial testing and compared between testing timepoints on the injured side. Associations among injured side clinical test values and patient-reported outcome scores were examined.

Results

Mean (SD) SWA score on the injured side was significantly lower than the uninjured side at initial testing [1.6 (1.0) vs 2.2 (1.1), p = 0.045] and significantly increased at follow-up testing [2.4 (1.0), p = 0.041]. Only SWA test score was significantly correlated with ASES (r=0.597) and WOSI (r=-0.648) scores at initial testing, and SWA test score was significantly correlated with WOSI score at follow-up testing (r=-0.611).

Conclusions

The clinical utility of the SWA test is supported by distinguishing the injured and uninjured sides and having stronger associations with patient-reported shoulder function than shoulder mobility tests.
Research on the Innovative Path of Integrating Qilu Costume Culture into Aesthetic Education in Elementary Schools
Authors: Hou Rubin , Ma Yan
Published: October 2024

Inheriting and promoting the excellent traditional Chinese culture should begin with the youth, as elementary school aesthetic education plays a crucial role in this process of cultural dissemination. At present, elementary school aesthetic education mainly focuses on traditional fields such as art, music, dance, calligraphy, etc., and there is still much room for innovation in communication carriers and paths. Based on this status quo, combining professional and regional advantages, this article proposes to take Qilu characteristic costume culture as a carrier to integrate the innovation of excellent traditional Chinese culture into elementary school aesthetic education. It aims to cultivate humanistic literacy and a sense of belonging in school-age children and establish cultural confidence.
A Corpus-Based Study on Grammaticalization and Lexicalization in Medical English
Authors: Xiao Yali
Published: October 2024

Medical English, as a specialized form of English, has attracted considerable attention due to its unique linguistic features. Grammaticalization and lexicalization represent critical mechanisms in the evolution of language and are essential for understanding and mastering medical English. This study, drawing on the MEDLINE corpus, investigates the characteristics of grammaticalization and lexicalization in medical English from the perspective of cognitive linguistics, aiming to unveil its underlying cognitive foundations. The findings suggest that the processes of grammaticalization and lexicalization in medical English reflect cognitive mechanisms such as categorization, inferential processing, and pragmatic strategies. These insights provide novel approaches and methodologies for the teaching of medical English.
A Study on the Implementation Path of the Blended Teaching Model in Geological Hazards Investigation and Evaluation
Authors: Yang Liu , Wang Wenjuan , Zhou Weijian , Wang Dan , Yin Ping
Published: October 2024

Geological Hazards Investigation and Evaluation is the core course of Environmental Geological Engineering, aiming to cultivate skilled talents with solid theoretical knowledge and excellent practical skills. At present, the course faces several issues, including a teaching environment disconnected from real-world work scenarios, course content that deviates from job-related tasks, a lack of digital teaching resources, and reliance on a single teaching method, leading to students’ poor feedback from employers. Based on the concept of outcome-based education, the course team of Geological Hazards Investigation and Evaluation establishes a “five-step double-rotation” blended teaching model with the help of a Small Private Online Course platform. The program is designed to improve the teaching environment and expand the digitalized teaching resources in order to improve students’ learning motivation, enhance learning effectiveness, and cultivate skillful talents who meet employers’ satisfaction.
A Practical Study of Knowledge Mapping Empowering the Construction of Engineering Costing Software Application Courses in Undergraduate Colleges and Universities
Authors: Wang Hongmei , Lin Ying , Gan Xiaolin
Published: October 2024

Relying on the talent cultivation program of Chongqing Institute of Engineering, this paper combines the characteristics of the Engineering Costing Software Application course with its current status quo, analyzes the existing problems and teaching pain points, and introduces knowledge mapping. The course construction is carried out in terms of the combing of knowledge points, the optimization of the course structure, the innovation of the teaching method, and the evaluation and feedback of the teaching in order to improve the systematicity and structural nature of the teaching content, enhance students’ learning experience, and enhance their learning effect. It is conducive to the formation of students’ knowledge systems and provides a basis for discussion and reference for improving the quality of teaching and cultivating application-oriented talents who meet the market demand.
Conceptual Metaphor Analysis in Advertising Slogans about Coffee Brands
Authors: Li Lingxiao
Published: October 2024

This paper delves into the strategic use of conceptual metaphors in advertising slogans for coffee brands, exploring how these linguistic devices influence consumer perception and brand appeal. By employing cognitive linguistic theories, this study categorizes eight global coffee brand slogans into five distinct metaphorical patterns, revealing the underlying conceptual mappings that enhance brand messaging. The analysis underscores the importance of metaphorical language in simplifying complex ideas, evoking emotional responses, and establishing a connection between the product and the consumer’s everyday experiences. This paper concludes that the judicious application of conceptual metaphors in advertising is a powerful tool for creating memorable and impactful slogans that resonate with the target audience.
Cultivating Change: Empowering Communities Among Elderly Through Social Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Smart Urban Farming
Authors: Khan Nasreen , Subbarao Anusuyah , Khan Shereen , Siddika Aysa
Published: October 2024

Malaysia is gradually experiencing a demographic shift, evolving into an aging society. The problem arises concerning the economic sustainability of urban farming ventures undertaken by elderly individuals. Limited attention has been given to incorporating social science perspectives to understand its broader social and cultural implications, especially for the intergenerational aspects of urban farming, specifically among the elderly. This research investigates the adoption of smart urban farming (SUF) to enhance senior citizens' social and economic well-being (SEW). The study involved 130 elderly participants from Klang Valley, Malaysia. Data was collected through surveys and subsequently analyzed using the SPSS statistics tool. The study reveals that while Social Entrepreneurship alone may not be enough to encourage elderly adoption of SUF when combined with social innovation, it significantly increases adoption. The study also indicated that the adoption of SUF enhances the elderly SEW. This study represents a valuable addition to the existing body of literature on the adoption of SUF, particularly in its impact on the social and economic aspects of elderly individuals' lives. This study further advances the current understanding of SUF adoption, utilizing established theories such as the Resource-Based View Theory (RBT) and Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) to reinforce its conclusions. The findings offer practical insights for governments and local authorities in developing policies to promote and facilitate SUF. Doi: 10.28991/HEF-2024-05-03-012 Full Text: PDF
Time Series Clustering Analysis for Increases Food Commodity Prices in Indonesia Based on K-Means Method
Authors: Mardianto M. Fariz Fadillah , Siregar N. Ramadhan Al Akhwal , Soewignjo Steven , Putri F. Friska Rahmana , Prayogi Hadi , Imama Citra , Amelia Dita , Sediono . , Dewi Deshinta Arrova
Published: October 2024

The global food crisis is perceived to have a significant impact on the national food sector. Time series clustering, a potent data mining technique, is employed to decipher and interpret intricate temporal patterns. Dynamic Time Warping (DTW), a measure that currently appears to be the most relevant, is predicated on the distance between sequences of elements. This paper explores the application of DTW in data mining algorithms to cluster commodity prices in Indonesia, aiming for enhanced accuracy based on time series movement. The clustering algorithm employs the K-Means method, necessitating a comprehensive description of the groups it forms. The analysis results reveal time series clustering for commodity prices using K-Means. Optimal results are achieved with five clusters, based on the commodity price trend. Influencing factors include seasonal variations and government policies related to consumer demand. It is imperative for the government to establish a robust market monitoring system to track commodity price fluctuations in real-time, thereby facilitating the design of effective price stabilization policies. The insights gleaned from this study can guide decision-makers in implementing targeted interventions to stabilize prices, bolster food security, and ensure sustainable economic growth. Doi: 10.28991/HEF-2024-05-03-02 Full Text: PDF
The Bioaccumulative Potential of Heavy Metals in Five Forest Species Living in Mining Environments in the Ecuadorian Amazon Region.
Authors: García Quintana Yudel , Andi Grefa Dixon Domingo , Bravo Sánchez Luis Ramón , García Decoro Samantha , Vega-Rosete Sonia , Luna-Fox Sting Brayan , Arteaga Crespo Yasiel
Published: October 2024

Heavy metal contamination of soils and ecosystems is an environmental problem that requires urgent attention due to the ecological problems that it generates. Forest species can be used to mitigate contamination because of their potential to bioaccumulate contaminating metals. The objective of this work was to evaluate the bioaccumulator potential of heavy metals in five forest species that live in mining environments in the Ecuadorian Amazon region. The bioconcentration factor for five forest species, such as: Cedrela odorata, Parkia multijuga, Inga edulis, Cecropia ficifolia and Pourouma cecropiifolia, commonly found in the Ecuadorian Amazon was analysed, based on the relationship between the concentration of the heavy metal in leaves and the soil. Atomic absorption spectrometry was used to analyse heavy metals in leaves and soil samples of each plant specie. The results showed that P. cecropiifolia had the highest bioconcentration factor for lead, C. odorata for cadmium and nickel, and I. edulis had the highest potential for iron and aluminium absorption. No correlation was found between the concentration of each element in the soil and the leaves, which shows that the bioaccumulation capacity of the species studied does not depend on the concentration of the element in the soil. This provides relevant information for the inclusion of these species for phytoremediation purposes.
Crimes committed with the use of throwing weapons. The identity of the perpetrator. Circumstances of the commission
Authors: Sumina Alina , Grebneva Alla , Grebnev Dmitrii
Published: October 2024

Crimes involving the use of throwing weapons are based on a rather rare and exotic pattern of criminal behavior. The article examines the typological features of the personality of offenders who commit crimes with the help of throwing weapons, their motives, as well as methods of committing such crimes.
As the factual basis of the article, the materials of earlier scientific research on this issue were used. The methodological basis of the study was the dialectical method of cognition, the logical method, the method of system analysis, the method of modeling, general scientific methods: structural and functional.
The analysis carried out in the article allows us to conclude that the work on countering crimes related to the use of throwing weapons is relevant and the importance of expanding the knowledge of law enforcement officers involved in the disclosure and investigation of such crimes.
PARENTS’ COMMUNICATION PATTERNS TOWARDS CHILDREN WITH MENTAL DISORDERS
Authors: Hisan Khairatun , Muzakkir Muzakkir , Fitriyani Fitriyani
Published: October 2024

Communication is a necessity or means of social interaction for human life. However, some individuals, such as mentally retarded children, experience difficulties in communicating due to various factors and environments. This study aims to understand the communication patterns used by parents in interacting with children who suffer from mental retardation. The method used is Systematic Literature Review to explore insights into parents' communication patterns towards mentally retarded children. The researcher collected, summarized, evaluated, interpreted and synthesized information from journals published between 2019-2024. The results showed that communication patterns used by parents can affect learning outcomes and behavioral changes in children with mental retardation. The ideal communication pattern is interpersonal communication that involves direct interaction and feedback between parents and children. Parents need to have extra patience in communicating with mentally retarded children, and communication must be done regularly so that communication development for children can run well. Based on the author's understanding, interpretation and evaluation of various existing journals, it turns out that the communication pattern most favored by mentally retarded children is through audio and video-based multimedia interactive media and gross and fine motor skills through the puzzle game method.
ANALYSIS OF GENDER EQUALITY: THE ROLE WOMEN IN TEACHINGS AND PRACTICES OF SIKHISM IN MEDAN CITY
Authors: Mutiara Indah , Desky Ahmed Fernanda
Published: October 2024

This research aims to analyze gender equality in the teachings and practices of Sikhism in Medan City. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with key informants, participant observation, and document analysis. The research results show that the teachings of Sikhism emphasize gender equality between men and women. This is reflected in various Sikh sacred texts, such as the Guru Granth Sahib Ji, which contains stories and teachings about strong and inspiring women. Sikh teachings and practices in Medan demonstrate a strong commitment to gender equality. These Sikh principles are in line with Simone De Beauvoir's feminist theory, she emphasizes and encourages that women must believe they have equal rights and abilities to manage their own lives. and the Sikh Religion in Medan is active in realizing gender equality through various programs and activities. It is important to note that this analysis only provides a brief overview of the role and position of women in Sikh teachings and practices in Medan through the lens of feminist theory. These challenges include patriarchy that still exists in society, gender stereotypes, and women's lack of access to education and economic opportunities. This research recommends several efforts to improve gender equality in the Sikh Religion in Medan. These efforts include education about gender equality, women's empowerment, and increasing women's participation in various aspects of life in society.
Enfermedad diarreica aguda enteropatogénica en población sin seguridad social en Acapulco: caracterización y factores asociados.
Authors: Mayo-Santos Irma , Emigdio-Vargas Abel , Orozco-González Claudia Nelly , Morales-López Faustina , Hernández-Ríos Petra
Published: October 2024

Introducción: Las enfermedades diarreicas agudas enteropatogénicas son producto de un conjunto de agentes microbiológicos que no suelen ser identificados y se asocian a determinantes sociales. Objetivo: Caracterizar los agentes causales de enfermedad diarreica aguda enteropatogénica en población sin seguridad social e identificar sus factores asociados. Material y Método: Se efectuó un estudio transversal en la Jurisdicción Sanitaria 07 de Acapulco en 210 participantes sin seguridad social, con antecedente de cinco o más evacuaciones en 24 horas previas. Se recogieron datos de salud y determinantes sociales. Se recolectaron muestras fecales por hisopado rectal y se enviaron a un laboratorio estatal de salud pública regional para para identificar cinco enteropatógenos de importancia epidemiológica. Se realizaron análisis bivariado y multivariado ajustados por conglomerado. Resultados: El 20.4% de los participantes presentaron EDA enteropatogénica por E. coli (16.7%) y Rotavirus (2.9%). Factores como edad ≤5 años, hervir el agua y bajo nivel socioeconómico familiar se asociaron con la presencia de enfermedad diarreica aguda enteropatogénica. Conclusión: Los determinantes sociales siguen siendo agentes fundamentales para el desarrollo de diarrea aguda. Se recomienda fortalecer la educación en salud para mitigar este problema de salud pública.