bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
National Digital Currency Issue: A Potential Shift in the Monetary Sovereignty Architecture
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Public Law of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, Ivanyan Khristofor V.
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the issues of issuing a national digital currency. The author analyzes the potential benefits and risks associated with the introduction
of digital financial entities, including the digital ruble, as well as their possible impact on the monetary sovereignty of the country. Particular attention is
paid to aspects of security, confidentiality and efficiency of new forms of means of payment.
Łódzkie tropy w Gwiazdach na strychu Kazimierza Sowińskiego
Authors: Samborska-Kukuć Dorota
Published: January 2025

Artykuł dotyczy wydanego w 1930 roku tomiku poetyckiego Gwiazdy na strychu autorstwa łodzianina: Kazimierza Sowińskiego (1907–1982), związanego z grupą Meteor. W tomiku znajdują się wiersze o tematyce społecznej, m.in. poświęcone Łodzi: proletariatowi, specyfice miasta, szczególnym zdarzeniom z życia poety, miejscom mu bliskim. Celem artykułu jest pogłębienie dotychczasowej wiedzy o Sowińskim z wczesnego, związanego z Łodzią okresu aktywności twórczej. Poprzez ponowienie kwerend prostuje się błędy w zakresie biografii i wczesnej twórczości poety. Ważną częścią artykułu jest ogląd liryków łódzkich wraz z ich ukontekstowieniem. Dopełnienie stanowi recepcja Gwiazd na strychu, przegląd recenzji zbiorku, w zdecydowanej większości nieodnotowanych w biobibliografiach.
Konstytucyjna zasada pierwszeństwa umowy międzynarodowej przed prawem krajowym w praktyce stosowania prawa podatkowego. Wybrane problemy
Authors: Litwińczuk Hanna
Published: January 2025

Umowy o unikaniu podwójnego opodatkowania zawierają ustalenia umawiających się państw dotyczące alokacji praw do opodatkowania poszczególnych rodzajów dochodów, tj. czy prawo to przysługuje jednemu, czy obu państwom. W tym drugim przypadku dochodzi do podwójnego opodatkowania, którego wyeliminowanie jest podstawowym celem umów, ale nie jedynym – obecnie podkreśla się ich rolę w przeciwdziałaniu unikaniu i uchylaniu się od opodatkowania. Cechą umów podatkowych jako źródła prawa jest to, że nie tworzą one praw do opodatkowania, a jedynie ograniczają prawa do opodatkowania umawiających się państw. Zgodnie z polskim porządkiem prawnym wynikającym z art. 91 ust. 2 Konstytucji RP umowa międzynarodowa ratyfikowana za uprzednią zgodą wyrażoną w ustawie ma pierwszeństwo przed ustawą, jeżeli ustawy tej nie da się pogodzić z umową. Nie zawsze jednak rozstrzygnięcie, czy doszło do kolizji normy międzynarodowej i normy krajowej, jest oczywiste, o czym świadczą kontrowersje związane z pozbawieniem podatników korzyści umownych na podstawie krajowych norm przeciwko unikaniu opodatkowania. W praktyce zdarzają się jednak sytuacje bardziej oczywiste, gdy normy krajowej nie da się pogodzić z umową, chociażby z tego powodu, że nie została ona jeszcze dostosowana do wcześniej zmienionego Modelu Konwencji OECD. Zastosowanie takiej normy krajowej nie może prowadzić do pozbawienia podatnika korzyści wynikającej z treści obowiązującej umowy.
Prawo podatnika do ochrony przed podwójnym opodatkowaniem a prawo do zapłaty podatku w wysokości wynikającej z ustawy podatkowej
Authors: Nykiel Włodzimierz , Kukulski Ziemowit
Published: January 2025

Niniejsze opracowanie dotyczy relacji między wynikającym z bilateralnych umów podatkowych prawem podatnika do ochrony przed podwójnym opodatkowaniem a prawem do zapłaty podatku w wysokości wynikającej z ustawy, tj. prawa krajowego umawiających się państw. Analiza genezy, pojęcia, klasyfikacji oraz środków ochrony praw podatnika pozwala postawić tezę, iż prawo do zapłaty podatku w wysokości wynikającej z ustawy jest podstawowym prawem podatnika, co prowokuje pytania dotyczące powiązań tego prawa z prawem do ochrony przed podwójnym opodatkowaniem. Z rozważań zawartych w opracowaniu wnioskować można, że prawo do ochrony przed podwójnym opodatkowaniem stanowi konieczną konsekwencję prawa do zapłaty podatku w wysokości wynikającej z ustawy, co wynika zarówno z miejsca bilateralnych umów podatkowych w hierarchii źródeł prawa powszechnie obowiązującego, ich celu podstawowego, jak i charakteru prawnego zawartych w nich norm rozdzielających roszczenia podatkowe między umawiające się państwa. Prowadzi to do konstatacji, że wysokość podatku, a co za tym idzie – prawo podatnika do zapłaty jednej i jedynej kwoty podatku w przypadku transgranicznych transakcji, są determinowane zarówno przez prawo krajowe, jak i bilateralne umowy podatkowe.
Pojęcie pieniądza w ujęciu prawnym. Rozważania na tle art. 227 ust. 1 Konstytucji RP
Authors: Olesiak Jarosław , Pajor Łukasz
Published: January 2025

W opracowaniu podjęta została problematyka prawnego ujęcia pieniądza. Znaczący wpływ na dyskurs prawniczy na temat pieniądza, wywierany przez naukę ekonomii, doprowadził do powstania swoistego chaosu terminologicznego. Z tego też względu konieczne staje się rozróżnienie pojęć jednostki pieniężnej, środka płatniczego i prawnego środka płatniczego. Kwestie te mają doniosłe znaczenie z punktu widzenia konstytucyjnej regulacji wyłącznej kompetencji Narodowego Banku Polskiego w zakresie emisjipieniądza.
Konstytucyjne podwaliny finansów publicznych sektora samorządowego w dobie pandemii
Authors: Feret Elżbieta
Published: January 2025

Celem opracowania jest określenie, w jakim stopniu obowiązujące regulacje Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej gwarantują nienaruszalność unormowań finansów publicznych w stosunku do działania jednostek samorządowych w ramach wprowadzanych nowych regulacji ustawowych związanych z pandemią COVID-19. Za oczywisty i niezaprzeczalny należy bowiem uznać fakt, że ustawa zasadnicza musi stanowić podwaliny dla funkcjonowania finansów publicznych zarówno szczebla rządowego, jak i samorządowego, w szczególności w sytuacji nadzwyczajnej, jaką jest pandemia.Z punktu widzenia samorządowców „sytuacja covidowa” i związane z nią coraz większe obciążenia wydatkowe oraz ograniczenia wpływów finansowych powodują realne zagrożenie dla samodzielności finansowej tych jednostek, realizujących istotną część zadań publicznych w zakresie ochrony zdrowia. Uzasadnione obawy wzbudza przede wszystkim coraz większa możliwość wprowadzania nowych ustaw zwykłych, wpływających negatywnie na wysokość gromadzonych dochodów i konieczność wydatkowania środków publicznych przez jednostki samorządowe w celu zwalczania pandemii.
The Effect of Replacing Levels of Compounded Feed by Cowpea bean (Vigna marina) Stems and Leaves in the Diet on the Growth of Bach Thao Goat
Authors: Khoi Ho Thieu , Do Ho Quang , Minh Vo Quang
Published: January 2025

Background: The study aimed to identify the impact of Cowpea bean replacement on goat growth as a basis for developing a sustainable meat-goat farming model under climate change conditions. Methods: The experiment was conducted over a period of 60 days (including a 10-day adaptation period), on 18 Bach Thao male goats, approximately 4 to 5 months old, arranged in a completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 6 replications. Treatment1: 30% compound feed + 70% para grass, Treatment 2: 15% compound feed + 15% Cowpea Bean stems and leaves + 70% para grass and Treatment 3: 0 % compound feed + 30 % Cowpea Bean stems and leaves + 70% para grass. Result: Results showed that live weight gain (g/head/day) had a statistical difference between the experiment treatments (P less than 0.01), with the highest gain in 30% compound feed of diet at 104 g/head/day; following 15% compound feed of diet at 52g/head/day and finally 0 % compound feed in the diet at 57 g/head/day.
A Study on the Influence of Consumer Materialism on the Personal Norms Related to Eco-Friendly Consumption
Authors:   Korean Home Economics Education Association, Kim Nalae , Lee Yoon-Jung
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of individual materialism on the ascription of responsibility, awareness of consequences, and personal norms for purchasing sustainable fashion products. To achieve this, a survey was conducted on 300 women in their 20s to 60s residing in South Korea, and the collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 26.0 program for descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, multiple regression analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis. The results of the analysis showed that acquisition centrality dimension of materialism had a negative effect on the ascription of responsibility and awareness of consequences. In addition, the ascription of responsibility and awareness of consequences had positive effects on personal norms. The results of the analysis of the moderating effect of generational cohorts showed that generation had an effect on the relationship between possession-defined success dimension of materialism and the ascription of responsibility. The results of this study provide implication for developing educational strategies to promote sustainable fashion, and suggest practical ways to encourage the development of a sustainable fashion industry by positively changing consumers' environmental awareness and behavior.
Exploring the Ideal Talent for Home Economics Education: Focusing on Aristotle’s ‘Person of Practical Wisdom’
Authors:   Korean Home Economics Education Association, Lee Eun Hee
Published: January 2025

In the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution, when education emphasizes talents that define problems rather than talents that solve them, and talents that are competency-centered, this study explores the ideal talent in Home Economics Education through literature research, focusing on Aristotle's ‘person of practical wisdom’. Under these research objectives, we first analyzed the concept of ideal talent, the educational human image presented in the curriculum, and the ideal talent image required in the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution. Based on this analysis, we examined Aristotle’s ‘practical wisdom’ and discussed ‘a person with practical wisdom’ as the ideal talent image of Home Economics Education, and derived implications. As a result, it was found that ‘a person with practical wisdom’ is very suitable as a ideal talent in Home Economics Education. This is because Home Economics Education teaches the skills to solve real-life problems, make moral judgments, and adopt sustainable lifestyles necessary to enrich the lives of individuals, families, and communities. Based on the findings of this literature review, it is expected that follow-up research that includes the process of agreement among specialists in Home Economics Education will be specifically conducted.
Meta-Analysis on the Effectiveness of Dietary Education in Korean Secondary Schools
Authors:   Korean Home Economics Education Association, Kim Jeong-Lim , Jung Lan-Hee
Published: January 2025

This study conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of dietary education in middle and high schools. Among the papers on middle and high school students' dietary education from 2001 to 2020, 20 papers including pre- and post-tests and averages and standard deviations were finally selected. The main analysis focused on the effect sizes of three dependent variables: knowledge, eating habits, and personality. Additionally the study examined the effect sizes based on the type of education (regular curriculum classes and extracurricular classes) and the number of education sessions. The results are as follows. The Hedges’g score, which is a quantitative index of the effect size of secondary school dietary education, was 0.82. The effect size was higher in extracurricular classes compared to regular curriculum classes. The effect size for regular curriculum classes was 0.68, and for extracurricular classes, it was 1.20. The highest effect size was observed in knowledge education, with an effect size of 0.93 in regular curriculum classes related to diet. This indicates that a significant amount of nutritional knowledge is acquired in home economics classes in secondary schools. Therefore, it can be predicted that the educational effect will increase if the curricular class is also conducted as an experience-oriented activity-oriented class. In terms of diet-related knowledge, dietary behavior, and personality, the size of the effect of secondary school dietary education was meaningful, so dietary education should be continuously conducted in the educational field.
Development of Analysis Criteria for Community-linked Content Analysis of Home Economics Education
Authors:   Korean Home Economics Education Association, Noh Yu Jeong , Shim Huen Sup
Published: January 2025

This study aims to develop analysis criteria based on home economics education to promote community-linked education. To achieve this, an initial draft of analysis criteria for community-linked home economics education was prepared through literature review, consisting of ‘place identity’, ‘issues’, ‘participation’, and ‘community’. A written survey was conducted twice with a group of 7 home economics education experts. The expert evaluation items included appropriateness of terminology and content areas, suitability for curriculum and textbook analysis, alignment with objectives, and comprehensive review opinions. The content validity for all items was calculated using the validity index based on the survey results, and the final analysis criteria were developed after incorporating review opinions and making necessary modifications. The final analysis criteria developed consist of ‘regional identity’, ‘problem’, ‘participation’, and ‘community’, with 14 detailed analysis criteria developed as sub-items for each main criterion. This is expected to lay the foundation for community-linked education, help understand the relevance and connection between home economics education and community-linked education, and identify the current status of linkages. It can serve as meaningful material for effectively utilizing community connections in future home economics classrooms.
Development and Effect of a Metaverse Platform-Based Clothing Education Plan for High School Home Economics to Foster Digital Practice Competency
Authors:   Korean Home Economics Education Association, Kang Eun Young , Shim Huen Sup
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to develop a Metaverse platform-based high school home economics education plan and evaluate its effectiveness so that students living in the future society can develop digital competence. The ADDIE design model was used for this study. The study analyzed the contents related to digital competence in both the 2015 and 2022 revised curricula, as well as the digital competence reflected in high school 「Technology⋅Home Economics」 textbooks. Based on this, a ‘Metaverse fashion project education plan linking past, present, and future’ was developed and implemented for 420 first-year students at J high school A in Cheonan City. An expert validity evaluation and pre-and post-tests with 274 of these students were conducted. The results revealed that the educational plan had a significant effect on fostering digital practical competence in high school students. Based on the above research results, it is meaningful that the developed educational plan can build the digital practical competence of students who will live in the future society by reflecting the characteristics of home economics subjects that are life-oriented and practical. Furthermore, it is expected that this study will be helpful in playing a role in school education in preparation for the future.
Justos homenajes
Authors: Pita Dueñas César
Published: January 2025

La presente edición de CineScrúpulos repasa la filmografía de dos directores que, a menudo, son poco considerados cuando se habla de los creadores más innovadores del séptimo arte. Sin embargo, sus aportes constituyen escalones importantes en la evolución del quehacer cinematográfico.
Could Synthetic Data Influence Strategic Thinking?
Authors: Namaki MS S El
Published: January 2025

Synthetic data is omni present. It is system produced and man-made. Their prevalence is induced by data gaps, data model analytics, system users and system abusers. They contribute, according to some estimates, a near 30% of applied data in AI analytical models today. This may grow by 2030, to a near 80% according to some sources. A development that is considered positive by some standards and less than positive by others. And the question is the extent to which this near avalanche of synthetic data could influence the strategic thinking of corporate bodies and, probably more importantly, their leaders.
This will be the core of the following article. The article is qualitative in approach. The ultimate goal is developing a set of hypotheses projecting a possible impact of synthetic data on the process of strategic thinking and the patterns of strategic behaviors in business. Analysis is based on current research in both synthetic data and strategic thinking. Synthetic data source material is fairly novel given the recency of the issue. Strategic thinking source material, on the other hand, relate to new developments in the concept. The ultimate outcome of the article should provide a base for research in two very relevant areas in current AI research: synthetic data and strategic thinking.
Designing an Interactive Virtual Laboratory Learning Experience for Acid-Base Indicators
Authors: Putra Abrar Suryadi , Zainul Rahadian
Published: January 2025

Science education, especially chemistry, plays a vital role in the development of conceptual understanding and practical skills among students. In the modern digital era, the integration of technology into education is indispensable to meet the demands of modern curricula. Virtual laboratories provide a safe and efficient way of teaching chemical concepts without the hazards that come with physical laboratories. This research was conducted to design, validate, and determine the feasibility of interactive virtual laboratory learning media for acid-base indicators. This research used the ADDIE model: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. There were 79 Phase F high school students, and seven expert validators involved in the research, comprising chemistry lecturers and teachers. The data collection used questionnaires and interviews, while the validation used Aiken's index. The results showed that the virtual laboratory achieved high validity scores across content, construct, and technical quality, ranging from 0.76 to 0.90. The results indicated that the interactive virtual lab significantly enhanced the students' visualization of abstract chemical concepts, thus improving their engagement and understanding. This illustrates the potential of integrating technology into chemistry education to create more effective and engaging learning experiences.
The Effect of Chemsketch on STEAM-Based Learning in Improving Critical Thinking Skills on Chemical Bonding Materials
Authors: Gusman Tania Avianda , Vivit Dania  , Mutiara Dwi Cahyani
Published: January 2025

Chemistry learning, especially in Indonesia, has not been able to direct students to master critical thinking skills. Using appropriate media and learning models can improve students' critical thinking skills. One of the efforts to improve critical thinking skills is using Chemsketch media with STEAM-based learning models (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, Mathematics). This study aims to analyze the effect of using ChemSketch in STEAM-based learning (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, Mathematics) on improving students' critical thinking skills on chemical bonding material. This study used a Non-equivalent control group design. The population in this study were all grade X students of SMA Negeri 1 Karangwareng in the 2023/2024 school year, with the samples used including one class X-7 as the experimental class and one class X-6 as the control class. The data obtained were then analyzed using the N-Gain and simple linear regression tests. The results showed that: 1) STEAM-based learning significantly increases critical thinking skills with an N-Gain value of 0.66. 2) STEAM-based learning significantly affects critical thinking skills with a value of 0.002. It can be concluded from the results of this study that students in the experimental group experienced a significant increase in critical thinking skills compared to the control group. This indicates that integrating ChemSketch in STEAM-based learning can be an effective strategy to improve students' ability to analyze, evaluate, and solve problems related to chemical bonding.
Effectiveness of Android-Based 3D Applications to Support Students' Mental Models on Molecular Geometry Material
Authors: Putri Amalia Azzahra  , Kurniawati Yenni
Published: January 2025

The learning media in the form of Android needs an effectiveness test to find out its effectiveness in material implementation at school. The purpose of this research was to find out the efficacy of 3D Android-based Based Chemistry Learning Media in molecule form material on students' mental models if compared to common learning media used at the school. This research was conducted at MA Darul Hikmah Pekanbaru. The research method used was a mixed method with the research design of The Explanatory Sequential Model. The samples were selected based on the technique of simple random sampling on grade X students of MA Darul Hikmah Pekanbaru. The research instrument used was a two-tier diagnostic test supported by interviews. The data were processed by using the hypothesis test and N-Gain test. The research results showed that overall, the student's mental model in the experimental group that used 3D Android Application Learning Media had 63% intact mental model and 37% alternative mental model. In comparison, students in the control group obtained 22% intact mental model and 78% alternative mental model. The research findings also showed the hypothesis test, which obtained sig. Value (2-tailed) = 0.000, which means 0.000<0.05 until Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. Based on the N-Gain test, the experimental group showed quite an effective category, with the percentage of N-Gain amounted to 60%. This showed that media updates and material enrichment are required in order to increase the students' mental model.
L'Institut National de Recherche de l'Amazonie : I.N.P.A. Plus de 250 chercheurs au cœur de l'Amazonie brésilienne
Authors: Vantomme Paul
Published: January 2025

En 1971, nos lecteurs ont eu l'occasion de mieux connaître un institut de recherche brésilien, l'Institut National de Recherche de l'Amazonie (I.N.P.A.).Ce nouveau rapport leur permettra d'apprécier l'évolution de cette importante structure de recherche avec laquelle le Centre Technique Forestier Tropical a conclu des accords de coopération.Outre l'installation centrale de Manaus, le Centre de Recherche de Rio Branco a été développé, ainsi que des stations de recherche et d'observation dans quatre autres États.L'Institut compte 8 départements scientifiques : Botanique, Sciences agronomiques, Biologie aquatique et limnologie, Écologie, Produits naturels, Pathologie tropicale, Sylviculture tropicale et Centre de recherche sur les produits forestiers.Par l'importance de ses travaux, l'I.N.P.A. est devenu un organisme d'envergure internationale.
Le baobab et l'épicéa. Histoire d'une rencontre politique internationale sur les politiques forestières
Authors: Guillard Joanny
Published: January 2025

A l'invitation de la France, une réunion internationale appelée SILVA s'est tenue à Paris les 5, 6 et 7 février 1986. Son thème était « Arbres et forêts ». 62 états étaient représentés au plus haut niveau, ainsi que 24 institutions et autres organismes.Les travaux et communications ont porté sur « La lutte contre la sécheresse en Afrique tropicale sèche » et « La protection des forêts tempérées ».Un appel solennel, appelé Appel de Paris, a été lancé pour conserver et promouvoir l’arbre et la forêt dans l'intérêt des générations présentes et futures, et les participants se sont engagés à : protéger l'arbre et la forêt des menaces de tous ordres, lutter contre la désertification et accroître la présence des arbres, et développer la recherche et la formation et renforcer les échanges de connaissances.
Production papetière de peuplements clonaux d'Eucalyptus au Congo
Authors: Delwaulle J.C.
Published: January 2025

Les techniques de multiplication d'Eucalyptus par bouturage développées par le C.T.F.T. au Congo ont permis à l'Unité de Boisement Industriel du Congo (U.A.I.C.) d'installer une plantation destinée à l'approvisionnement d'une usine de pâte à papier. Le C.T.F.T. a ainsi été amené à s'intéresser tout particulièrement aux caractéristiques papetières des arbres utilisés.Dans cet article, l'auteur passe en revue les nouveaux critères que le sélectionneur forestier a dû prendre en considération dans ce contexte et préconise une collaboration très étroite entre sylviculteurs et utilisateurs.
O fim do Qualis Periódicos da Capes e os novos horizontes das revistas brasileiras
Authors: Góis Junior Edivaldo
Published: January 2025

Com as novas diretrizes da Capes, os critérios de avaliação da qualidade da produção acadêmica dos docentes não serão mais centralizados em uma lista de periódicos estratificados no chamado “Qualis”. O Qualis não será mais publicado pela Capes, e sua vigência será restrita ao último período de avaliação, de 2021 a 2024.
Singularity Analysis and Research on the Mechanism Workspace with Three Degrees of Freedom
Authors:   Blagonravov Mechanical Engineering Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kreinin G. V. ,   Blagonravov Mechanical Engineering Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nosova N. Yu. ,   Blagonravov Mechanical Engineering Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Misyurin S. Yu. ,   Blagonravov Mechanical Engineering Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rybak L. A.
Published: January 2025

This article discusses the mechanism of parallel structure, which includes hinged parallelograms. These mechanisms have a certain peculiarity when composing kinematics equations, consisting in the fact that some of the equations have a linear form. This simplifies the system of coupling equations as a whole. By solving direct and inverse kinematics, we will determine the size and shape of the working area. A method was chosen by solving the inverse kinematics to determine the workspace. The size and shape of the working area of the mechanism under consideration with three degrees of freedom are experimentally determined under given initial conditions. The presence of a large working area allows us to recommend this mechanism for use in various branches of robotics, medicine, simulators, etc. The Jacobian matrix of the coupling equations of the mechanism is written out to determine the singularities.
Chaotic Interaction Between Thermodynamic Systems
Authors: Aydiner Ekrem
Published: January 2025

In the previous work \cite{Aydiner_2024}, we presented a new interaction scheme that describes the interaction of thermodynamic systems. Using this interaction scheme, we showed that the interaction of dark matter and dark energy is chaotic. We also predicted that the results could be generalized to all particle and thermodynamic systems. In addition, we gave physical definitions of the concepts of chaos and self-organization. More importantly, we proposed a new law of physics based on interacting systems. Then, in this study, we considered two thermodynamic systems interacting under different conditions to prove the universality of the physical law we propose. We showed that these systems also have chaotic interaction dynamics. Furthermore, we discussed the physical and philosophical foundations of this new physics law and definition of chaos. In addition, we introduced a new action principle and a new complexity definition.
Hydroxyl Free Radical Associated Effects of SGLT-2 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Klabuzai Ágnes , Bekő Viktória , Sütő Zsófia , Horváth Marcell , Wagner Zoltán , Vágási Katalin , Pfeil Veronika , Süle Miklós , Grosz György , Wittmann István , Kun Szilárd
Published: January 2025

Beyond their metabolic effect, SGLT-2 inhibitors reduce the risk of heart failure and have cardiovascular and nephroprotective effects, yet their exact mechanism of action remains unclear. This prospective study included 40 patients with type 2 diabetes whose physician initiated SGLT-2 inhibitor therapy. Prior to and after 4 weeks of the initiation of use of SGLT-2 inhibitors, in addition to routine clinical and laboratory measurements, hydroxyl free radical and neuropathic evaluations were performed. Body weight, BMI, fasting glucose, fructosamine, and albuminuria decreased significantly, whereas RBC count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, and platelet count increased significantly. Urinary o-tyrosine/p-tyrosine and (m-tyrosine+o-tyrosine)/p-tyrosine ratios were significantly reduced, suggesting diminished hydroxyl free radical production. Patients with neuropathy measured by the abnormal baseline CPT (current perception threshold) values showed significant improvements. Significant correlations between RBC, platelet parameters, albuminuria and hydroxyl free radical markers disappeared after SGLT-2-treatment, and changes of hydroxyl free radical markers correlated positively with CPT changes. Our results suggest that short-term SGLT-2 inhibition simultaneously recalibrates metabolic, hematologic, kidney and neuropathic endpoints, potentially through attenuating abnormal ortho- and meta-tyrosine incorporation into signaling proteins. Further studies are required to confirm long-term durability and examine whether additional strategies such as supplementation of the physiological p-tyrosine could amplify these benefits.
High Propagule Pressure and Patchy Biotic Resistance Control the Local Invasion Process of the Tree Ligustrum lucidum in a Subtropical Forest of Uruguay
Authors: Brazeiro Alejandro , Haretche Federico , Toranza Carolina , Cravino Alexandra
Published: January 2025

The tree Ligustrum lucidum (W. T. Aiton, Oleaceae), native to East Asia (China), has become an aggressive invader of subtropical and temperate forests around the world. To under-stand how its local small-scale spread is controlled, we studied in a subtropical forest of Uruguay the distribution of seedlings, saplings and poles in relation to distance to mother trees and forest stand (48 plots of 4 m-2). The propagule pressure of L. lucidum, estimated through seedlings density, was between 100 and 1000 times higher than that of other spe-cies of the community and was concentrated around mother trees (
Patients with Colorectal Cancer and BRAFV600E-Mutation in Argentina: A Real-World Study: The EMOGI-CRC01 Study
Authors: Catani Greta , Kim Stefano , Waisberg Federico , Enrico Diego , Luca Romina , Esteso Federico , Bruno Luisina Ines , Rodriguez Andres , Bortz Marcos , Freile Berenice , Chacón Matías , Oviedo Albor Ana Isabel , Méndez Guillermo , Slutsky Ezequiel , Baiud María Cristina , Llanos Romina , Solonyezny Ayelen , Basbus Luis , Arroyo Gerardo , Grasselli Julieta , Pasquinelli Rosario , Bella Quero Luciana , Faura María Victoria , Adur Ana Cecilia , Dioca Mariano , Tamburelli Mercedes , Castillo Javier , O'Connor Juan Manuel
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: BRAF-mutation is a poor prognostic factor in colorectal cancer (CRC). There is a need for real-world data in low-middle-income countries regarding clinical characteristics, outcomes, and treatment strategies. This study aims to describe progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in the first-line setting, and sequences of treatment regimens. Methods: We retrospective analyze patients from ten oncology centers in Argentina, diagnosed with BRAFV600E-mutated advanced CRC between January 2014 and July 2023. Results: A total of 161 patients with metastatic CRC and BRAFV600E-mutation. The median age was 58.5 (IQR 47-69) and 21.7% were MMR-deficient (dMMR). 93.8% of the patients received first-line treatment. With a median follow-up of 23 months (95% CI 16.5 - 33.4 months), the median OS was 20.6 months (95% CI 18.4 - 29 months) and PFS 9 months (95% CI 7.4 - 10.5 months). The most common regimen was doublet chemotherapy plus anti-VEGF in 49%. 26% received BRAF inhibitors in second line setting. Conclusions: This study represents, to the best of our knowledge, the largest published real-world cohort of BRAFV600E-mutated CRC in Latin America. The heterogeneity in treatments reflect the existence of barriers to access high-cost drugs in our country. Cooperative efforts are needed to understand the particular characteristics of this subgroup of patients.
Multi-scale Convolutional Attention and Structural Re-parameterized Residual-based 3D U-Net for Liver and Liver Tumor Segmentation from CT
Authors: Song Ziwei , Wu Weiwei , Wu Shuicai
Published: January 2025

Accurate segmentation of the liver and liver tumors is crucial for clinical diagnosis and treatment. However, the task poses significant challenges due to the complex morphology of tumors, indistinct features of small targets, and the similarity in grayscale values between the liver and surrounding organs. To address these issues, this paper proposes an enhanced 3D U-Net architecture, named ELANRes-MSCA- UNet. By incorporating a structural re-parameterized residual module (ELANRes) and a multi-scale convolutional attention module (MSCA), the network significantly improves feature extraction and boundary optimization, particularly excelling in segmenting small targets. Additionally, a two-stage strategy is employed, where the liver region is segmented first, followed by the fine-grained segmentation of tumors, effectively reducing false positive rates. Experiments conducted on the LiTS2017 dataset demonstrate that ELANRes-MSCA-UNet achieves Dice scores of 97.2% and 72.9% for liver and tumor segmentation tasks, respectively, significantly outperforming other state-of-the-art methods. These results validate the accuracy and robustness of the proposed method in medical image segmentation and highlight its potential for clinical applications.
Bacillus subtilis-Derived Surfactin Alleviates Offspring Intestinal Inflammatory Injuries Through Breast Milk
Authors: Zhang Qi , Xie Shuang , Zhong Qiu , Zhang Xinyue , Luo Liufang , Yang Qian
Published: January 2025

Enteric and diarrheal diseases pose a significant threat to infant health, highlighting the im-portance of immune defenses in early life, especially maternal protection, in establishing a robust gastrointestinal environment. Surfactin, a bioactive peptide from Bacillus subtilis, has immuno-modulatory properties, yet its influence on offspring via maternal gut interference is not fully un-derstood. The study examines the effects of maternal surfactin consumption on breast milk's im-munological properties and its consequent effects on neonatal intestinal health. Findings show that pups from surfactin-supplemented dams had increased body weight, improved intestinal mor-phology with longer villus and deeper crypts, upregulation of genes related to mucins and anti-microbial peptides, and an increase in IgA+ and CD3+ T cells within the intestinal mucosa. Further, cross-fostering experiments suggested that pups nursed by surfactin-supplemented dams gained more weight, had less intestinal damage, lower inflammation, and oxidative stress levels induced by Salmonella typhimurium, indicating the immunological benefits of surfactin conveyed through breast milk. Additionally, the expression of proinflammatory factors including nitric oxide, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1, and ROS induced by LPS in macrophages was significantly inhibited with milk from surfactin-supplemented dams (MSD) treatment. Interestingly, MSD induced a shift in macrophage polarization from pro-inflammatory (M1-like) to anti-inflammatory (M2-like), evidenced by de-creased expression of IL-12p40, iNOS, and increased CD206, TGF-β, and Arg-1. Mechanically, surfactin improved the content of anti-inflammatory factors IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β in breast milk. The research contributes to understanding how maternal interference can modulate breast milk composition, influence infant gastrointestinal development and immunity, and provide nutritional strategy insights.
The Impact of Selected Components Used in Clinical Nutrition on Inflammation Caused Malnutrition- a Literature Review
Authors: Raczyńska Aleksandra , Leszczyńska Teresa , Skotnicki Piotr , Koronowicz Aneta
Published: January 2025

Malnutrition is a disease leading to unfavourable changes. It affects 35-55% of hospitalized patients, and in the case of cancer even 40-90% of patients. Screening nutritional status allows for prevention of malnutrition, which will be an element as important as its treatment. Malnutrition in patients after severe injuries significantly increases catabolic changes. Cytokines and hormones such as epinephrine and cortisol are released, which among other things can increase energy expenditure by 50%. The effect of a properly conducted nutritional treatment is the maintenance or improvement of the nutritional status in patients whose nutrition with a natural diet is insufficient, as well as, in some cases, treatment of the underlying disease. Immunonutrition is characteristic for patients with neurological disorders or cancer. It is a regimen based on the supply of selected ingredients that have the ability to affect immunological and anti-inflammatory pathways. such substances are omega - 3 fatty acids, glutamine, arginine, nucleotides, antioxidants and prebiotic fiber.
Enhancing Niacinamide Skin Penetration by Other Skin Brightening Agents: a Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study
Authors: Somboon Kamolrat , Chng Choon-Peng , Huang Changjin , Gupta Shikhar
Published: January 2025

Niacinamide, a derivative of vitamin B3, has been shown to reduce skin pigmentation (i.e. acting as a brightening agent) and inflammatory responses such as dermatitis and acne vulgaris. However, niacinamide is a hydrophilic compound and poor partitioning to the lipid matrix in the uppermost layer of the skin (the stratum corneum or SC) limits its delivery to the skin. This necessitates the use of penetration enhancers to increase its bio-availability. In this study, we used computer simulations to investigate the skin penetration of niacinamide alone and in combination with other brightening agents that are also shown to be skin penetration enhancers, namely Sepiwhite®, bisabolol or sucrose dilaurate. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to reveal molecular interactions of these brightening agents with a lipid bilayer model that mimics the SC lipid matrix. We observed minimal penetration of niacinamide into the SC lipid bilayer when applied alone or in combination with any one of the three compounds. However, when all three compounds were combined, a notable increase in penetration was observed. We showed 32% increase in the niacinamide diffusivity in the presence of other three brightening agents, which also work as penetration enhancer for niacinamide. These findings suggest that formulations containing multiple brightening agents, which works as penetration enhancers, may improve skin penetration of niacinamide and enhance the effectiveness of the treatment.
Clinical Significance of Neutralizing Antibodies in COVID-19: Implications for Disease Prognosis
Authors: Çolak Sudem Mahmutoğlu , İlgar Tuba , Özkaya Esra , Huner Yigit Merve , Durmuş Hilal , Atiş Feyza , Ertürk Ayşe , Yazici Zihni Acar
Published: January 2025

The pathogenesis of COVID-19 highlights a complex relationship between disease severity and neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). We aimed to investigate the relationship between total NAb (tNAb) levels, presence of potential neutralization inhibiting antibodies (pNAbs), and the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients. Patients aged ≥18 years diagnosed between October 2021 and September 2022 were grouped by symptom severity. Blood samples were taken at two time points and data on demographics, epidemiology, and vaccination were recorded. The tNAbs and pNAbs were measured by enhanced chemiluminescence assay and surrogate virus neutralization test, respectively. Among 68 tNAbs and 52 pNAbs results, 26 (38.2%) patients had a severe infection. The 28-day mortality rate was 16.2% (n=11). The tNAbs levels in the control blood samples (CBS) were significantly higher than those of the admission blood samples (ABS) (p<0.001). The statistical analysis showed no relation between disease severity and tNAb titers. Vaccinated patients had significantly higher tNAbs in ABS and CBS (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Presence of pNAbs in the ABS correlated with lower 28-day mortality (p=0.026) and milder disease course (p=0.041). Although these findings support a correlation between tNAbs and disease severity and mortality, these seem to be related to their formation rather than their effect on the clinical outcomes.
A Precise Geometry-Based Method for Solving Dimension of Cotton Bale of Packing Cotton Picker
Authors: Lei Qingsong , Feng Xianying , Li Peigang , Li Xusheng
Published: January 2025

The packing cotton picker has become the mainstream cotton-picking equipment due to its advantages of integrated picking and packing and non-stop unloading. Precision packing is an inevitable development trend, and accurate detection of the cotton bale's dimension during the packing process is the first step toward achieving this. Therefore, this paper proposes a geometry-based method to determine the dimension of cotton bale in packing cotton picker. By establishing a mathematical model of the packing process, the relationship between the rotation angle of the rocker arm component and the cotton bale dimension is derived. The reliability and rationality of this method are preliminarily verified through a calculation example. Since the program fails when the rotation angle of the rocker arm component exceeds 55°, the elastic deformation of the packing belt is incorporated for theoretical correction. Finally, the method's accuracy is further validated through field tests, where the absolute error in cotton bale diameter detection is controlled within 50 mm, and the relative error is kept within 2%. This paper lays the foundation for the packing cotton picker to achieve precision packing.
Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of NRAMP family members in Miscanthus sinensis
Authors: Chen Wei , Peng Xiaojue , Long Weixiong , Niu Jiawei , Ying Suping , Jian Zhao
Published: January 2025

Miscanthus is extensively cultivated as a pioneer plant, demonstrates excellent performance in coping with heavy metal stress. However, existing research on Miscanthus and its mechanisms for heavy metal transport is limited, particularly regarding the genetic mechanisms underlying of its tolerance to heavy metals. This study aimed to fill the knowledge gap concerning the role of NRAMP (natural resistance associated macrophage protein) genes in Miscanthus, as NRAMP has been widely reported to facilitate the transport of heavy metal ions in other plants. A total of seventeen MsNRAMP genes were identifed in Miscanthus sinensis, which can be classified into two major groups and are characterized by a high degree of conservation in their secondary structure, the presence of ion-binding sites characteristic of the Leu-T domain, and an average of 9-12 transmembrane domains. Our findings significantly enhance the understanding of metal ion balance and stress response mechanisms in Miscanthus sinensis. Specifically, we discovered that only MsNRAMP3 and MsNRAMP7 are expressed under normal conditions, while the remaining MsNRAMP genes exhibit low or no expression. Additionally, MsNRAMP14 and MsNRAMP8 were found to have numerous ABA and MeJA response elements in their promoter regions, suggesting a potential role in stress response.
Development and Implementation of a ML Model to Identify Emotions in Children with SMCI
Authors: Vowles Caryn , Patterson Kate , Davies T. Claire
Published: January 2025

Children with severe motor and communication impairments (SMCI) face significant challenges in expressing emotions, often leading to unmet needs and social isolation. This study investigates the potential of machine learning to identify emotions in children with SMCI through the analysis of physiological signals. A model was created based on the data from the DEAP online dataset to identify emotions of typically developing (TD) participants. The DEAP model was then adapted for use by participants with SMCI using data collected within the Building and Designing Assistive Technology Lab (BDAT). Key adaptations of the DEAP model resulted in the exclusion of respiratory signals, reduction of wavelet levels, and analysis of shorter-duration data segments to enhance model applicability. The adapted SMCI model demonstrated accuracy comparable to the DEAP model, performing better than chance in TD populations and showing promise for adaptation to SMCI contexts. The models were not reliable for effective identification of emotion, however these findings highlight the feasibility of using machine learning to bridge communication gaps for children with SMCI, enabling better emotional understanding. Future efforts should focus on expanding data collection of physiological signals for diverse populations and developing personalized models to account for individual differences. This study underscores the importance of collecting data from populations of SMCI for development of inclusive technologies in promoting empathetic care and enhancing the quality of life for non-communicative children.
Optimizing Retail Sales Forecasting Through a PSO-Enhanced Ensemble Model Integrating LightGBM, XGBoost, and Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Jin Tian
Published: January 2025

Accurate sales forecasting plays a critical role in inventory management, staffing, and promotion planning, especially in retail sectors like Rossmann stores. This study addresses the sales prediction challenge using a dataset from multiple European countries. We propose an ensemble model that integrates LightGBM, XGBoost, and Deep Neural Networks (DNN), optimized through Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for hyperparameter tuning. The model incorporates extensive data preprocessing steps, including outlier detection, missing value imputation, and feature selection to improve data quality. Experimental results show that our model outperforms traditional approaches in terms of Root Mean Squared Percentage Error (RMSPE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), and Precision, particularly in high-sales periods such as large promotions. The proposed solution significantly improves sales forecasting accuracy, showcasing its potential for real-world application. Future work can focus on refining feature engineering and model architecture to further enhance predictive performance.
Sustainability Education Through Green Facades: Effects of a Short-Term Intervention on Environmental Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices
Authors: Pacini Annalisa , Brüggemann Marie , Flottmann Maren , Großschedl Jörg , Schlüter Kirsten
Published: January 2025

Teaching can contribute substantially to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by addressing traditional curriculum-relevant topics in new contexts related to sustainability. A suitable context is green facades, which support several SDGs at once. The aim of sustainability education should be to foster all components of the KAP triad, i.e., promoting environmental knowledge (K) and attitude (A), but also enabling appropriate practices (P). This study analyzes the effect of a short-term extracurricular intervention (4 hours) on green facades on the KAP triad. Pre-, post- and follow-up tests were conducted with n = 71 students aged M = 14.20 (SD = 1.33). Knowledge and attitude development were analyzed using ANOVA. Regression analyses were calculated to assess the relations of knowledge and attitude with practices. The results show that even a short-term intervention can lead to longer-term effects regarding knowledge growth but will only bring about short-term changes in attitude. Attitude items with the strongest change were not related to students’ direct or immediate activities. In addition, environmental knowledge and attitude appear to support different kinds of activities. Therefore, it seems important that didactic interventions focus on knowledge and attitude to enable students to engage in pro-environmental behaviors.