bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El parto como objeto de consumo. De violencia obstétrica a oferta de nuevos modelos de parto en Santiago de Chile
Authors: Vergara Florencia , Rivera Juan
Published: December 2022

El parto en Chile ha tenido grandes cambios históricos, políticos y económicos. Este artículo analiza el parto como un proceso socioeconómico basándose en dos investigaciones de ciencias sociales: la primera sociológica, con una revisión de la literatura sobre el consumo en Chile; y la segunda antropológica, con entrevistas a personal de salud obstétrica en Santiago de Chile. Las reflexiones que proponemos con este cruce interdisciplinario dan cuenta de cómo el parto en Santiago de Chile pasa de ser un proceso manejado entre la comunidad y luego profesionalizado en el siglo XX, a convertirse hoy en un objeto de consumo, ofertado especialmente por instituciones privadas. Desde los recientes modelos de atención obstétrica veremos que, dentro de una cultura neoliberal, la producción de un objeto-parto con atrayentes características, promete mejoras tanto en la experiencia de las mujeres (previamente violentadas) como en sus recién nacidos, aquí llamadas guaguas optimizadas. Siempre y cuando esto pueda pagarse. Estas investigaciones nos proponen poner atención en el intercambio gestado por las instituciones, quienes ofrecen métodos diferenciados del parir tomando las demandas sociales contra la violencia obstétrica para empaquetarlas en programas que parecen mejorar el producto humano y la experiencia materna. Queda abierta la cuestión vivida dentro de estos partos e invitamos a investigar tales posibilidades.
The Effect of Added Moringa Leaves (Moringa oleifera L.) and Quail Eggs (Coturnix-coturnix japonica) on Wingko as A Snack for Anemia
Authors: Jannah Fithri Yati Eka Nur , Bahar Asrul
Published: December 2022

This study aims to (1) determine the effect of adding moringa leaves and quail eggs to the preference level for wingko, which includes color, aroma, texture, and taste as snacks for anemia patients; (2) determine the nutritional value of the best product through wingko organoleptic test by examining the influence of adding moringa leaves and quail eggs. The research employed a pure experimental design using a 3x2 factorial design with 6 treatments. In this study, the K factor was used as the addition of moringa leaves with level 3, and the P factor was the addition of quail eggs with 2 levels. The results showed that: (1) wingko with the addition of 20% moringa leaves and 20% quail eggs was favored by the panelists based on the De Garmo test, with a productivity value of 0.88. By employing the Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test, this study has confirmed that the proportion of added moringa leaves and quail eggs affects the aroma, color, and taste of wingko; (2) the nutritional value of the best wingko contains 7.63% protein based on Kjeldah test, 43.97% carbohydrates based on Luff Schriool test, 12.45% fat based on direct extraction test, and 4.37 mg iron(Fe) as identified in atomic absorption spectrometer test; (3) the addition of 20% moringa leaf wingko and 20% quail eggs in 100 grams could meet the requirement of protein, carbohydrates, fat, and iron.
Chemical and microbiological quality of commercial fresh and frozen chicken drumstick in Umuhia, Nigeria
Authors: Okolo Judith Chukwuebinim , Igborgbor Jude Chukwuemeke , Anana Unyimeabasi Effiong , Ogu Gideon Ikechukwu
Published: December 2022

Chicken meat, an excellent source of good quality proteins, is highly susceptible to microbial contaminations and heavy metals from feeds, processing, and retailing environments, thereby posing health risks to consumers. Therefore, the proximate composition, heavy metal concentrations, and microbial loads of commercial fresh and frozen chicken drumsticks, randomly sourced from poultry farms and groceries, respectively, within Umuahia metropolis, Abia State, Nigeria, were investigated to ascertain their qualities. A total of 40 (20 each of the fresh and frozen) chicken drumstick samples were processed and analyzed for proximate (moisture, fats, ash, proteins, fibers, and carbohydrates), heavy metal (cadmium, chromium, copper, manganese, nickel, zinc, and lead) contents, and microbial loads (total viable counts, Escherichia coli counts, Salmonella counts, Staphylococcus counts and fungal counts) and characterization using standard techniques. Results were analyzed statistically (p<0.01, 0.05). The fresh chicken drumstick samples had significantly higher (p<0.01, 0.05) levels of moisture (61.38 ± 0.34 %), proteins (22.30 ± 0.02 %), ash (5.27 ± 0.17 %) and microbial contents (0.24 × 102 CFU/g to 2.42 × 104 CFU/g), when compared with the frozen drumstick samples with significantly higher (p<0.01, 0.05) contents of fats (3.70 ± 0.13 %), carbohydrates (12.55 ± 0.27 %) and heavy metals (0.047 ± 0.017 mg/kg to 0.852 ± 0.456 mg/kg). This suggests that fresh chicken drumstick is more nutritionally beneficial, provided they are thoroughly treated with heat before consumption to prevent foodborne diseases from bacterial and fungal contaminations. Although the levels of heavy metals in both meat samples are below the toxic limits, consumers should be wary of bioaccumulation and bio-magnification of heavy metals when constantly exposed to them. Hence, constant surveillance of chicken meat is encouraged to monitor their exposure levels to these chemicals and biohazards.
X-ray Induced Morpho-physicochemical Divergence in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Mutants
Authors: Mitu Mariom , Nadim Md. Kawsar Alam , Haque Md. Shamiul , Hasibuzzaman A.S.M , Khanam Sakina , Azad Md. Abul Kalam
Published: December 2022

Peanut is a crucial source of edible oil and nutrients. Five peanut genotypes' yield and quality parameters were assessed to select superior genotypes. The experiment was conducted in Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture HQ's experimental field, Mymensingh-2202. Correlation study identified significant positive correlation of pods plant-1, kernel weight and shelling % with pod yield. Considering yield and oil content, the genotype B6/282/80 performed the best, with a yield of 2.25t/ha and 54.6% edible oil content. Oleic acid/Linoleic acid (O/L) ratio and iodine content were also higher in B6/282/80, followed by B6/282/63. RM-Kha-19 contains the maximum amount of protein (32.42%), while crude fibre and carbohydrate content were the highest in Binachinabadam-4. B6/282/64 possessed the maximum moisture (6.2%), while B6/282/80 had the highest amount of ash (2.35%). The principal component analysis identified that the first two principal components explained about 74.93% of the total variation. Biplot revealed that B, crude fibre, and ash content were higher in Binachinabadam-4. The genotype B6/282/63 was superior in K, S, Fe, moisture, and carbohydrate content. Genotype B6/282/80 was the best genotype for P content. Ca, Cu, N, Mg and Zn content was higher in the RM-KHA-19 genotype. Combining all the energy sources, the genotype B6/282/80 provides the maximum energy, i.e., 628.4 Kcal/100g. Considering the studied traits, the B6/282/80 has the potential to be set on a multilocational trial for the detection of stability as a new variety.
The Characterization of Biodegradable Plastics from Cassava Starch with Varried Addition of Robusta Coffee Skin (Coffea canefora) and Glycerol
Authors: Rusdianto Andrew Setiawan , Usman Maghfirah , Lindriati Triana , Ruriani Eka , Mahardika Nidya Shara
Published: December 2022

One of the solutions to the plastic pollution crisis is biodegradable plastic. The most efficient raw material for making biodegradable plastic is cassava starch, but it has a weakness in that natural fibers are generally added as reinforcement and natural filler. In this study, Robusta coffee skin fiber was used as a reinforcement for biodegradable plastic. To obtain the right variation of coffee skin composition, this study applied a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors. The parameters observed in this study were thickness, water absorption, biodegradation, tensile strength, elongation, and modulus of elasticity. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA test, coupled with the effectiveness index test was carried out. The results showed a thickness value of 0.703 – 1.007 mm. The value of water absorption is between 3.437 – 13.512 %. The resulting biodegradation value is between 32.914 – 68.971%. The tensile strength value is 19,056 – 46,507% and it is directly proportional to the modulus of elasticity, which is produced between 2.557 – 16.442 Mpa. The effectiveness index test demonstrated that the best treatments were obtained from the addition of 15% coffee skin with 20% glycerol, 10% glycerol with 20% coffee skin, and 5% glycerol with 20% coffee skin.
Family - deviating behavior factor: psychosocial interventions
Authors:   ", VÎRLAN Maria ,   Ion Creangă",   SPU, Chișinău
Published: December 2022

This article addresses the phenomenon of deviant behavior as a common and quite worrying one. Psychosocial intervention programs for young offenders are currently vehemently lacking. The work done by professionals is largely limited to the punishment of the deed committed by the young people, the psychosocial aspect being left in the shadows. The article analyzes the family as a factor in deviant behavior to children and highlights intervention programs for families with delinquent children.
The development of emotional resilience through psychosocio-educational activities
Authors:   ", DIȚA Maria ,   Ion Creangă",   SPU, Chișinău
Published: December 2022

In the current socio-economic and political conditions, resilience is increasingly referred to as a notion with a deep connotation. Resilience is the individual's ability to be flexible and adapt to various vital challenges or certain psycho-traumatic events that may occur. Resilience can also be understood as a set of strategies that can be learned and then applied in life.
Prevention of addictive behavior in adolescents
Authors:   ", STRATAN Valentina ,   Ion Creangă",   SPU, Chișinău, PLĂMĂDEALĂ Victoria ,   "Ion Creangă" SPU, Chișinău
Published: December 2022

Addictive behavior in adolescents may be due to difficulties in adapting and socializing. Today, teens are exposed to a large number of risk factors that negatively affect their behavior and health. The analysis of the close social environment and the personal characteristics of adolescents, consumers of toxic substances, highlights the fact that addictive behavior is the result of both the influence of personal and microsocial factors. The latest research and publications acknowledge that for some adolescents, drug use is part of a lifestyle. In this regard, programs to prevent the use of toxic substances are based on learning centered on the model of social influence. The main purpose of socio-psycho-correctional prevention programs is to create the optimal conditions for training the mechanisms to deal with pathogenic influences. Educational programs for the prevention of addictive behavior are recognized as the most effective in the context of combining psychosocial and causal models. Our study is more interested in the primary prevention of addictive behavior in adolescents.
The Processing Methods and Properties of Aluminium-SiCp Metal Matrix Composites Produced by Stir Casting for Marine Applications - A Review
Authors: Ambali Abdulfatai O. , Oyelaran Ajani O. , Bolaji Bukola O. , Abdulmalik Ibrahim O.
Published: December 2022

Composite material is made up of at least two distinct materials functioning together to provide material properties that are different and unique to their own, with quality superior than its constituents. Generally, metal matrix composite materials consist of a matrix (bulk material) and a reinforcement of some type, which are combined primarily to enhance the strength and stiffness of the matrix. Metal matrix composites combine the metallic properties of matrix alloys with the ceramic properties of reinforcements, to develop materials with greater strength capabilities. They are materials that are attractive and suitable for a large variety of engineering applications. This work reviews the effects of silicon carbide particulate reinforcements on aluminium metal matrix composites for marine and underwater applications, with specific emphasizes on improved mechanical, structural and corrosion properties. In this paper, specific reference was given to stir casting techniques as a liquid state metal manufacturing method of aluminium metal matrix composites. The work revealed that silicon carbide significantly enhances the overall mechanical and tribological strength of the composite along with corrosion resistance. It was revealed that research efforts have mostly been focused on the mechanical, physical and thermo-mechanical characteristics of the composites, more recourse to their corrosion characteristics is very significant in evaluating its application potential as marine structural materials.
Impact of Metal Work-Function on Current Rectification by Metal-Insulator-Metal Diodes
Authors: Etor David , Ekele Michael , Akintunde Isaiah A.
Published: December 2022

This article presents the experimental investigation of the effect of metal work-function on current rectification by metal–insulator–metal (MIM) diodes. Diverse MIM diode topologies that utilized various types of metal configurations were fabricated and subjected to DC electrical (J-V) characterization, and it was found that the work-function of the various metals impacts the symmetry and linearity of the diodes’ current–voltage curves, the amount of current the diodes can rectify, and their typical zero-bias curvature coefficients. The diodes whose both metal layers have the same work-function exhibits more linear and symmetrical current–voltage curves, with the curves becoming more non-linear and asymmetrical as the variation in work-function of the metals increase, impacting the applications where MIM diodes can be used.
Collaborative Manufacturing Techniques: A Review
Authors: Mumuni Quadri A. , Adenowo Adetokunbo A. , Akinyemi Lateef A. , Shoewu Oluwagbemiga O. , Folorunso Comfort O.
Published: December 2022

The competitive nature of today's economies has forced the manufacturing sector, small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises (SMMES), to collaborate with other sectors to achieve stability and consistency. Manufacturing businesses are putting a lot of effort into managing their goods and services to reach a high level of client satisfaction. This is accomplished with the highest quality while maintaining a competitive cost tag. To accomplish this, the collaborative manufacturing technique (CMT) is used. It entails information exchange and dialogue amongst business processes concerning internal or external stakeholders in the hierarchy of value. An active CMT model that incorporates these present collaboration networks should provide operational value savings and significantly increase competitiveness. Therefore, the recent evaluation that provided a detailed view of such inclusion is no longer in existence. To promote collaboration techniques in the successful development of software products, this article provides a complete study of current collaborative models, respective benefits, and their collaborative features. This paper outlines the most recent mechanisms, approaches, and application possibilities for CMTs. In addition, the review paper thoroughly examines the techniques currently in use for employing CMT to solve problems in both science and engineering. More specifically, it suggests a revolutionary method for enhancing the current CMT methods through the application of machine learning (ML), artificial intelligence, and metaheuristics like genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimization (AI). In summary, this research highlights certain areas where CMT may be used soon.
Comparative and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Mangrove Forest and Farm - Bred African Giant Snails (Archachatina Marginata)
Authors: Hassan Isiaka Adio
Published: December 2022

Snails are good source of protein for different classes of people.  The aim of this work is to compare and assess the health risk of the heavy metals in mangrove forest and farm - bred snails, as sources of protein. Twelve snails (six mangrove forest and six farm - bred) of two sizes (big and small) were sourced from Bayeku mangrove forest and Snail Farm at Second gate of Lagos State University of Science and Technology (LASUSTECH) respectively. The, Fe, Cd, Cr, Ni, Cu, Pb, and Zn concentration of the snails were evaluated using standard analytical methods. The data obtained were subject to differential and inferential statistics using a statistical package (SPSS 22.0 version) and compare with Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) limit. Fe (732.32 - 734.24 mg/kg), Cu (145.17 - 145.19 mg/kg), Zn (62.38 - 62.51 mg/kg) of big snail from mangrove forest were the highest compared with Fe, Cu, and Zn in mangrove forest (small), farm bred (big and small) snail. Cr (77.20 - 77.46), Ni (21.14 – 21.28), and Pb (1.20 - 1.22) mg/kg in small snail (mangrove forest) were the highest.  Cadmium (6.83 - 6.84 mg/kg) of the farm bred (big snail) was the highest. Mangrove forest bred snail; Fe (733.26±0.96), Cr (38.01±0.78), Ni (50.32±0.37), Cu (145.18±0.01), and Zn (62.43±0.07) mg/kg were significantly higher than their corresponding FAO Limits. Farm - bred snail Cr (38.99±0.21), and Zn (36.80±0.01) mg/kg were significantly higher than their corresponding FAO permissible limits. However, farm bred has lower heavy metal concentrations than mangrove forest bred. Hence, farm bred are better product.
Derivation of the Rainfall Intensity, Duration and Frequency Equations for Makurdi, Nigeria
Authors: Bolorunduro Kehinde , Olayanju O. K. , Oke I. A.
Published: December 2022

Information and adequate data on intensity–duration–frequency of rainfall are regularly required for a variation of hydrologic, environmental and hydraulic applications. This paper presents rainfall intensity-duration-frequency equations for Makurdi, Nigeria. Rainfall intensities from Makurdi were used to establish empirically derived constants for about thirteen different equations. These equations were evaluated statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA), total error, model of' selection criterion (MSC), Coefficient of Determination (CD), Correlation coefficient (R) and Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), with the main objective of selecting the best equation for the location. The study revealed that rainfall intensity can be expressed in terms of either the amount of rainfall time only, frequency or both duration of the rain and time of return with empirically derived constants. Statistical evaluation revealed that the correlation coefficients of equations for Makurdi were between 0.896 and 0.894, respectively. Model 12 was discovered to be most accurate model for prediction of rainfall amount as against model 15 presented in literature. The model had the highest correlation coefficient for Makurdi. According to findings, functions of the duration of rainfall, return time, and empirically derived constants are the best functions, which explains the severity of the rain the best based on the values of MSC, CD, AIC and R.
Prediction of Heavy Metals Concentrations Profiles in Groundwater around Soluos Dumpsite in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Adeyemo F. A. , Salami Lukumon
Published: December 2022

Water pollution is a threat to human life. Heavy metals in leachates from dumpsites pollute groundwater within the vicinity of the dumpsites. This work was carried out to predict the heavy metals concentration profiles in groundwater around Soluos dumpsite in Lagos State. A one dimensional transport model with a decay factor component was used to predict the concentration profiles of heavy metals in groundwater within the vicinity of Soluos dumpsite using finite difference techniques implemented in matrix laboratory (Matlab) 7.9. the concentration profiles for heavy metals considered in this work which include lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr) and Iron (Fe) were similar but different in term of concentrations values. The one dimensional transport model used predicted the experimental data from groundwater at the depth of 22 m within the vicinity of Soluos dumpsite up to 98 percent confidence level compare to a one dimensional transport model without a decay factor which predicted the experimental data up to 94 percent confidence level in the work of Salami and Susu. The concentration profiles of heavy metals in groundwater were also predicted at the depths of 38, 46, and 54 and 62 m. It was shown that the one dimensional transport model with a decay factor component yeilded a better prediction of heavy metals in groundwater around Solous dumpsite than the one dimensional transport model without a decay factor. The predicted concentration profiles at various depths can be used as a guide to determine the depth to which boreholes within the vicinity of Soluos dumpsite should be dug for the purpose of provision of good groundwater.
Aeromagnetic Survey as Reconnaissance Technique for Groundwater Exploration in a Typical Southwestern Nigeria Basement Complex
Authors: Aroyehun Morufu T.
Published: December 2022

This study was aimed at investigating the causes of reported boreholes failureparts in some part of the Federal Polytechnic Ado Campus using aeromagnetic geophysical method. The aeromagnetic geophysical data covering the area was processed to enhance shallow anomalies using different enhancement techniques such as derivatives and wavelength filters. Total Magnetic Intensity ranges from -28 to 201 nT after removing regional component. Residual magnetic anomaly ranges from -21 to 127 nT; First vertical derivative ranges from -0.18 to 0.36 nT/m; Magnetic Analytic signal (AS) ranges from 0.03 to 0.36 nT/m. It was observed, by correlating the magnetic responses and geology of the area, that rocks underlain the area have close magnetic susceptibility. Consequently, the variations of earth’s magnetism are mainly controlled by sediment thickness and suspected linear structures which are major factors in basement complex groundwater exploration. The probable depth to basement in the study area ranges from 8.13 to 74.05 m as revealed by AS and spectral method, which implies thicker regolith in southern part of the study area than northern part. However, linear structures are evenly distributed across the study area. Therefore, the groundwater potential of the southern part of the study area is higher due to regolith thickness. The failed groundwater boreholes that are prominent in northern part of the study area are not located on linear structures. Therefore, basement depth and linear structures should be considered during reconnaissance survey in groundwater exploration in a typical Basement Complex terrain.
Model of The Determinants of School Participation Rates in Banyuwangi Regency: An Application of System Dynamic Analysis
Authors: Winoto Suhartono , Said Mohammad , Cahyasari Erlita , Widodo Nurjati , Wismanu Rendra Eko
Published: December 2022

Education is one of the priority basic services for human resource development. There are two indicators to measure the success in education, known as the accessibility of education and the quality of education. Efforts to determine the level of success of the Government in opening access to education services can be identified from several indicators. These indicators are a benchmark for the success of the Government in opening access to education for the entire community, especially those related to the School Participation Rate. This study aims to determine the existing conditions and analyze the forecasting of determinant factors that affect the achievement of school participation rates in Banyuwangi Regency. This study used a qualitative method with a dynamic system approach. The results showed that the school participation rate in Banyuwangi Regency was influenced by several determinant factors that were interrelated with each other. Based on the existing conditions, there was a need to improve all of the determinant factors. However, an increase in poverty factor as an impact of COVID-19 has encouraged government to provide an alternative policies to avoid the decrease in school participation rates. The results of the forecasting simulation for the next 20 years showed that the behaviour of time from the school participation rate will be in line with the increase in determinant factors in education system, while the results of forecasting education quality showed that within next 20 years, there will be a significant increase in the first two years of the simulation, then there will be an increase in slopes in the opposite direction from the school participation rate and accompanied by an increase in other elements that run in the education system in Banyuwangi Regency.
Infusing Culturally Responsive Teaching in Higher Education: Insights for Multicultural Education in Indonesia
Authors: Nurbatra Laela Hikmah , Masyhud Masyhud
Published: December 2022

The present research examines how teachers implement Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) as part of multicultural education in a higher education institution. The urgency of the current research lies in the fact that teachers of the 21st century need to equip students with the necessary skills and knowledge to survive in this interconnected world. However, it was evidenced that one of the challenges in implementing multicultural education is the lack of teachers' skills to be culturally responsive. Accordingly, it is essential to highlight the implementation of Culturally Responsive Teaching in the Indonesian setting. In doing so, a qualitative case study is employed to answer the research questions. The current research involves six multicultural classroom teachers as research participants with different characteristics. To gain a depth understanding of the teachers' attitudes, the researchers employed semi-structured interviews and observation as data collection techniques. Using thematic data analysis, the results indicated nine practices that reflect the implementation of Culturally Responsive Teaching in the higher education context. The nine practices are: giving more freedom to students in selecting the familiar topic, emphasizing preserving local wisdom, celebrating different perspectives in the discussion, allowing gaining and checking students' understanding, talking personally outside the class, focusing more on positive rather than negative, being a role model, being patient, and sharing the experience.
Pelatihan Penyusunan E-Asesmen Literasi Sains Berbasis AKM Bagi Guru IPA SMP di Kabupaten Bogor
Authors: Pursitasari Indarini Dwi , Permanasari Anna , Jaenudin Dadang
Published: December 2022

Literacy skills for science teachers are needed to be skilled in facilitating the development of students' literacy. The empowerment activity carried out is aimed at improving the ability of science teachers of junior high schools in Bogor Regency in compiling a science literacy e-assessment based on Minimum Competence Assessment (AKM). The participants are teachers who are members of MGMP (Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran) in Bogor Regency. The activity is carried out in the form of Guidance Technique for 4 days followed by an independent task. Teachers' ability or understanding of assessment and scientific literacy is conducted through pretest and posttest. In the end of activity, participants provide an assessment on the implementation of technical guidance that has been organized. The results of the activity show that there is an increase in the teachers' understanding of assessment and scientific literacy with an N-gain achievement of 61.1% and the teachers give a very good assessment both in terms of organizing activities for the preparation of a science literacy e-assessment based on Minimum Competence Assessment (AKM). The conclusion from this empowerment activity is that the training of the preparation of scientific literacy e-assessments has been able to improve teachers' skills in developing a science-based assessment tool.
APLIKASI SIG BERBASISA WEB PEMETAAN LOKASI TOKO OLEH-OLEH DI KOTA BATAM
Authors: Kuncoro Danang Adi , Andhika Andhika , Mukhtar Mukhtar
Published: December 2022

The development of technology today is very undoubted so that information is easy to access anytime and anywhere. The ease of accessing information gives new enthusiasm for humans in developing information technology or commonly referred to as Geographic Information System (GIS). The definition of GIS itself is a special information system that manages data that has special information, or it can also be interpreted as information about the place or location where the geographical location is located. Batam city is one of the cities in the Riau archipelego province. Batam is famous as a location visited by foreign and domestic tourists. Tourists that visit Batam city have a habit of bringing  food as souvenirs from Batam. However, tourists and local people sometimes have difficulty in finding the location of stores that sell food souvenirs. This study aims to develop a Geographic Information System application that maps the location of gift shops in Batam. The result of this study is web-based GIS applications, which uses Google Maps API to display maps and retrieve store location coordinates. Through the application, the tourist can be helped in finding the location of souvenir shops in the city of Batam.
İSTANBUL’DA CUMHURİYET DÖNEMİNDE PLANLAMA ÇALIŞMALARI: HENRİ PROST VE LUİGİ PİCCİNATO’NUN PLANLARININ SONRAKİ DÖNEMLERE ETKİLERİ AÇISINDAN MUKAYESELİ ANALİZİ
Authors: ERKEN Erhan
Published: December 2022

Dünyanın en önemli şehirlerinden biri olan İstanbul'un tarihinin, Yenikapı’da Marmaray için yapılan kazılar ve burada elde edilen bulgulara göre, 8500 yıl evveline kadar gittiği düşünülmektedir. Tarihi süreçte birçok büyük devlete başkentlik yapan İstanbul bu süreçlerde birçok değişim yaşamıştır. Osmanlı’nın son dönemlerinde ve özellikle Tanzimat ile başlayan süreçte batılılaşma tesirinde çeşitli şehir planlama çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmalar Cumhuriyet’in ilanı sonrasında da devam etmiştir.

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin ilanı sonrasında İstanbul’da etkili olan iki adet şehir planlama yaklaşımının mukayeseli olarak incelemesi yapılmaktadır. Her iki planlamanın İstanbul’a etkileri, birbirleriyle farklılıkları ve sonraki dönemlerde İstanbul’da ne tür iz bıraktıkları üzerinde durulmuştur..

Yöntem: Bu çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada öncelikle literatür taraması yapılmış, farklı kaynaklardan elde edilen bilgiler belli bir kurgu içinde derlenerek bir sonuca gidilmeye çalışılmıştır

Bulgular: Cumhuriyet döneminde İstanbul’daki iki planlama çalışmasına geçmeden önce Osmanlı’nın son döneminde İstanbul’da hangi saiklerle ne tür planlama çalışmaları yapıldığına bakılmıştır. Burada batıya ilginin arttığı ve Tanzimatla birlikte hızlandığı bir dönemde şehir planlaması noktasında da bu ilginin varlığı görülmüş ve özellikle bu dönemde İstanbul’da vuku bulan seri yangınların şehir planlaması çalışmalarını etkilediği fark edilmiştir.

1937 Sonrası İstanbul’da başlayan ve 1950’ye kadar süren Henri Prost dönemi hem planlamanın yapıldığı ve hem de uygulandığı bir dönemdir. Bu dönemde İstanbul’un daha çok iç kesimlerinde bir yoğunlaşma ortaya çıkmıştır. Oysa 1958’den sonra devreye giren Piccinato’nun planlaması şehrin doğru batı ekseninde genişlemesini hedefleyen bir planlamadır. Ayrıca şehri geniş bir bölgenin içinde onunla birlikte planlayan bir yaklaşıma sahiptir. Piccinato’nun planlaması özellikle kendisinden çok daha sonraki dönemlerde etkili olan bir çalışma olarak dikkat çekmektedir

Özgünlük: Bu çalışmanın en ilginç yanı bir yönü ile Prost ve Piccinato planlamaları arasındaki temel ayrılığı ve zıtlığı ortaya çıkarması diğer yönü ile de Piccinato’nun fikirlerinin 1980 sonrası iktidara gelen ANAP’lı İstanbul Belediye Başkanı Bedrettin Dalan’ın icraatları ile çok benzeşmesidir. Bedrettin Dalan sonrası İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesinde yönetime gelen farklı başkanlar zamanında da Piccinato’nun düşünceleri bir çok yönü ile uygulamaya konmuştur.

Bu konu çerçevesinde araştırılan kaynaklarda bu tarz bir tespite rastlanmamıştır. Piccinato’nun İstanbul’da şehrin yönetimiyle ilgili bir noktada bulunmamasına rağmen fikirlerinin önemli bir bölümünün yıllar sonra tatbik mevkiine konulduğunu tespit etmek ve bunu ortaya koymak, bu çalışmanın en özgün noktalarından birisidir
A Qualitative Study on Women's Opinions and Attitudes on Cosmetic Gynecology
Authors: AKTAŞ REYHAN Feyza , DAĞLI Elif
Published: December 2022

Aim: Having become a trend in elective surgery in recent years, cosmetic gynecology refers to all aesthetic interventions in the female genital organs. With the advancement of communication technologies and the increasing use of social media, the issues related to sexual organs, which have been accepted as social taboos, have gained attention by women. Therefore, this study aims to determine the knowledge and opinions of women about cosmetic gynecology. Subjects and Method: Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 women of reproductive age and the audio recorded data were analyzed through content analysis. Results: The data obtained were gathered under five main themes: Defining cosmetic/aesthetic gynecology, reasons for cosmetic/aesthetic gynecology, the effects of vulva-vagina deformities on women, the effects of vulva-vagina deformities on men, status of cosmetic/aesthetic gynecology in Turkey. These themes show that women know that cosmetic gynecology is an aesthetic surgery performed in the genital area and some of these women had some of these procedures done. The reasons for cosmetic gynecology were coded under the headings including aesthetic appearance, sexuality and physical ailments. Women have expressed the effects of genital organ deformations on women as not being able to enjoy sexual intercourse, being disliked by the opposite sex, being disturbed by their appearance, and depressed mood. Being alienated from women, decreased sexual intercourse, and turning to other women were the effects expressed by men. Conclusion: The results show that most of the women had heard of the field of cosmetic gynecology, that genital organ deformities had negative effects on men and women, and that they thought that the field of cosmetic gynecology was a promising profession. It is recommended that well-equipped health professionals provide care and counseling in order to inform women correctly on this issue.
منهج دراسة الأديان في تركيا والبلاد العربية
Authors: AYTOP Nurefşan Nur , ALSHAMARİ Maha
Published: December 2022

هدفت الدراسة إلى الكشف عن أهم مناهج البحث في دراسة الأديان بالإضافة إلى نشأة علم دراسة الأديان لدى المسلمين الاتراك والعرب، وذلك من خلال استعراض تاريخ نشأة علم دراسة الأديان في كل من بلاد العرب والأتراك والتطرق لأهم مناهجهم ومصادرهم وذلك للوصول إلى دراسة أكثر شمولاً تتناول المناهج الإسلامية باعتبارها أساسا لجميع طلبة العلم، اتبع هذا البحث المنهج الاستقرائي في جمع المعطيات الأساسية حول أهم المناهج المتبعة لدى بلاد العرب والأتراك، كما تم اعتماد المنهج التاريخي في بيان تحولات نشأة علم دراسة الأديان، معتمدا الوصف والمقارنة في تحليل الجوامع والفوارق بين مناهج المسلمين الاتراك والعرب، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج من أهمها أن لعلماء المسلمين (العرب والأتراك) مؤلفات عديدة اعتمدوا في كتابتها على مناهج رصينة وموضوعية تتناول مختلف الملل والنحل وتختلف باختلاف نوعية الدراسة أو هدف الدراسة المتبع، ماضين بذلك على خطى علمية واضحة المعالم. أن التطورات السياسية والاجتماعية والحضارية لدى كل من المسلمين العرب والأتراك دوراً مهما في التأثير على مناهج دراسة الأديان الأخرى.
Validation of the Comprehensive ICF Core Sets for Diabetes Mellitus: A Malaysian Perspective
Authors: Abdullah Mohd Faudzi , Mohd Nor Norsiah , Mohd Ali Siti Zubaidah , Ismail Bukhary Norizzati Bukhary , Amat Azlin , Abdul Latif Lydia , Hasnan Nazirah , Omar Zaliha
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that is prevalent in many countries. The prevalence of DM is on the rise, and its complications pose a heavy burden on the healthcare systems and on the patients’ quality of life worldwide. Materials and Methods: This is a multicentre, cross-sectional study involving 5 Health Clinics conducted by Family Medicine Specialists in Malaysia. Convenience sampling of 100 respondents with DM were selected. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) based measures were collected using the Comprehensive Core Set for DM. SF-36 and self-administered forms and comorbidity questionnaire (SCQ) were also used. Results: Ninety-seven percent had Type 2 DM and 3% had Type 1 DM. The mean period of having DM was 6 years. Body functions related to physical health including exercise tolerance (b455), general physical endurance (b4550), aerobic capacity (b4551) and fatiguability (b4552) were the most affected. For body structures, the structure of pancreas (s550) was the most affected. In the ICF component of activities and participation, limitation in sports (d9201) was the highest most affected followed by driving (d475), intimate relationships (d770), handling stress and other psychological demands (d240) and moving around (d455). Only 7% (e355 and e450) in the environmental category were documented as being a relevant factor by more than 90% of the patients. Conclusion: The content validity of the comprehensive ICF Core set DM for Malaysian population were identified and the results show that physical and mental functioning were impaired in contrast to what the respondents perceived as leading healthy lifestyles.

Key words: Disability, Functioning, Health, Linear Models
Attenuation of Stress-based Ventricular Contractility in Patients with Heart Failure and Normal Ejection Fraction
Authors: Zhong Liang , Poh Kian Keong , Lee Li Ching , Le Thu Thao , Tan Ru San
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The maximal rate of change of pressure-normalised wall stress dσ*/dtmax has been proposed as cardiac index of left ventricular (LV) contractility. In this study, we assessed the capacity of dσ*/dtmax to diagnose heart failure with normal ejection fraction (HFNEF). Materials and Methods: One hundred healthy normal controls and 140 patients admitted with heart failure (100, HFREF and 40, HFNEF) underwent echocardiography for stress-based contractility dσ*/dtmax. Patients with significant valvular heart disease were excluded. Tissue Doppler indices were also measured. Results: dσ*/dtmaxwas 4.43 ± 1.27 s-1 in control subjects; reduced in HFNEF, 3.02 ± 0.98 s-1; and HFREF, 2.00 ± 0.67 s-1 (P <0.001). In comparison with age- and sex-matched groups (n = 26 each), we found similar trend on reduction of dσ*/dtmax (normal control; 3.91 ± 0.87 s-1; HFNEF, 2.90 ± 0.84 s-1; HFREF, 1.84 ± 0.59 s-1, P <0.001). On multivariate analysis, dσ*/dtmax was found to be the independent predictor of HFNEF and HFREF. The area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) in detecting HFNEF compared with normal controls (dσ*/dtmax >3.2 s-1) was 0.84 (P <0.0001), and in detecting HFREF compared with HFNEF (dσ*/dtmax >2.32 s-1) was 0.88 (P <0.0001). Conclusion: This data confirms that dσ*/dtmax on echocardiography is a powerful independent predictor in patients with HFNEF. In a population with a high suspicion of HFNEF, dσ*/dtmax may significantly contribute to early diagnosis and hence be useful in the triage and management of HFNEF patients.

Key words: Echocardiography, Heart failure with normal ejection fraction, Normalised wall-stress
Biomimetic Nanostructured Materials — Potential Regulators for Osteogenesis?
Authors: Ngiam Michelle , Nguyen Luong TH , Liao Susan , Chan Casey K , Ramakrishna Seeram
Published: December 2022

Nanostructured materials are gaining new impetus owing to the advancements in material fabrication techniques and their unique properties (their nanosize, high surface area-to-volume ratio, and high porosity). Such nanostructured materials mimic the subtleties of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, creating artificial microenvironments which resemble the native niches in the body. On the other hand, the isolation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from various tissue sources has resulted in the interest to study the multiple differentiation lineages for various therapeutic treatments. In this review, our focus is tailored towards the potential of biomimetic nanostructured materials as osteoinductive scaffolds for bone regeneration to differentiate MSCs towards osteoblastic cell types without the presence of soluble factors. In addition to mimicking the nanostructure of native bone, the supplement of collagen and hydroxyapatite which mimic the main components of the ECM also brings significant advantages to these materials.

Key words: Biomaterials, Biomimetic, Bone, Hydroxyapatites, Nanomaterials, Stem cells, Tissue engineering
Current Technology in Navigation and Robotics for Liver Tumours Ablation
Authors: Chang Stephen KY , Hlaing Wah Wah , Yang Liangjing , Chui Chee Kong
Published: December 2022

Radiofrequecy ablation is the most widely used local ablative therapy for both primary and metastatic liver tumours. However, it has limited application in the treatment of large tumours (tumours >3cm) and multicentric tumours. In recent years, many strategies have been developed to extend the application of radiofrequency ablation to large tumours. A promising approach is to take advantage of the rapid advancement in imaging and robotic technologies to construct an integrated surgical navigation and medical robotic system. This paper presents a review of existing surgical navigation methods and medical robots. We also introduce our current developed model — Transcutaneous Robot-assisted Ablation-device Insertion Navigation System (TRAINS). The clinical viability of this prototyped integrated navigation and robotic system for large and multicentric umors is demonstrated using animal experiments.

Keywords: Computer aided surgery, Liver, Radiofrequency ablation
Orthopaedic Implant Technology: Biomaterials from Past to Future
Authors: Wang Wilson , Ouyang Youheng , Poh Chye Khoon
Published: December 2022

Orthopaedic implant technology is heavily based on the development and use of biomaterials. These are non-living materials (e.g. metals, polymers and ceramics) that are introduced into the human body as constituents of implants that fulfil or replace some important function. Examples would be prosthetic joint replacements and fracture fixation implants. For orthopaedic biomaterials to succeed in their desired functions and outcomes in the body, a number of factors need to be considered. The most obvious mechanical properties of the implants are that they need to suit their intended function, and various classes and types of biomaterials have been developed and characterised for use in different implant components depending on their demands. Less well understood but no less important are the interactions that occur between the constituent biomaterials and the living cells and tissues, both of the human host as well as pathogens such as bacteria. Biomaterials used for orthopaedic applications are generally considered to be biocompatible. However, adverse effects arising from interactions at the implant interface can result in various modes of implant failure, such as aseptic loosening and implant infection. This review paper uses the illustrative example of total hip replacement (which has been called the operation of the century) to highlight key points in the evolution of orthopaedic biomaterials. It will also examine research strategies that seek to address some of the major problems that orthopaedic implant surgery are facing today.

Keywords: Biocompatibility, Biomaterials, Joint Replacement, Orthopaedic Implants
Engineering a Trans-Tibial Prosthetic Socket for the Lower Limb Amputee
Authors: Laing Sheridan , Lee Peter VS , Goh James CH
Published: December 2022

Introduction: This review addresses the different prosthetic socket designs for trans-tibial amputees, the biomechanics behind the designs and the current state of the field. Of particular focus is the classic patella-tendon bearing (PTB) socket and the more recent sockets manufactured using pressure casting techniques and the theory, biomechanics and clinical implications of the two designs. Methods to examine and compare these designs are also addressed. Materials and Methods: Journal papers by various investigators which have clinical significance/impact on the field of trans-tibial socket design were chosen for this review. Articles were chosen over a period of over 50 years to demonstrate the evolution of knowledge. Results: The engineering of the trans-tibial socket has been largely subjected to empirical derivations and biomechanical theory that remains, for the most part, unproven. The fundamental principles of the PTB socket have been widely refuted. Hydrostatic theory based on pressure casting techniques, on the other hand, provides an optimal scenario to produce a more uniform stump/socket interface pressure. Conclusion: Preliminary studies indicate the pressure casting technique has the potential to produce comfortable sockets, providing an alternative to the PTB design. Various studies have been attempted to quantitatively compare the 2 types of socket designs. However, further quantitative biomechanical studies are needed to explain the fundamental theory surrounding the pressure cast technique. Methods that could help further understand the pressure cast concept include amputee gait analysis, stump/socket interface pressure measurements, computer aided socket design and finite element modelling techniques.

Key words: Biomechanics, Patella-tendon bearing, Pressure casting, Pressure measurement, Prosthetic socket, Trans-tibial amputee
Quality of Life in Pathological Gamblers in a Multiethnic Asian Setting
Authors: Mythily Subramaniam , Edimansyah Abdin , Qiu Shijia , Munidasa Winslow
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Few studies have examined the impact of pathological gambling on quality of life especially in the Asian context. The aim of the current study was to examine the quality of life in pathological gamblers in a multiracial population in Singapore and we hypothesised that those with pathological gambling would have poorer quality of life as compared to controls. Materials and Methods: Forty subjects with “compulsive gambling behaviour” were recruited and matched (for gender and age) with 40 controls. Subjects with pathological gambling were compared with control subjects with regard to sociodemographic data as well as on the World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment - abbreviated version (WHOQOL-BREF). Results: A one-way MANOVA revealed that pathological gamblers had significantly diminished quality of life as compared with the healthy controls using the summary scores of the 4 domains of quality of life (Pillai’s Trace = 0.338, F = 9.5, P <0.001). Univariate tests indicated subjects with pathological gambling scored significantly lower on physical health, psychological, social relationships and environment domains of quality of life compared with subjects without pathological gambling. Conclusion: Our study found that those with pathological gambling had lower scores than the controls in all the domains of the quality of life scale. The impact and the extent of pathological gambling on the quality of life should be borne in mind — not only as a consideration in the management but also as an important indicator of treatment outcome of pathological gamblers. Key words: Pathological Gambling, Quality of life, Singapore