bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sağlık Personelinin Bilgi Sistemi İşlevlerini Kullanımları ve Örgütsel Performansa Etkisi
Authors: KIRILMAZ Harun , KILIÇ KIRILMAZ Selma , KAHRAMAN Melike
Published: December 2018

Son
yıllarda bilgi teknolojilerinde (BT) yaşanan hızlı gelişmeler örgütlerin
bilgiyi toplamasına, kaydetmesine ve bu bilgiyi işleyerek tekrar
kullanabilmesine olanak tanımaktadır. Bu anlamda örgütlerin bilgi
teknolojilerini kullanmaları, günümüzün rekabetçi ortamında rakiplerden bir
adım önde olabilmek adına stratejik bir öneme sahiptir.

Bu
araştırmanın amacı, sağlık çalışanlarının bilgi sistemi işlevleri
kullanımlarının örgütsel performansa etkisinin olup olmadığını ortaya
koymaktır. Araştırmanın problemi, sağlık personelinin bilgi sistemi işlevleri
kullanımlarının örgütsel performansa olan etkilerini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma
İstanbul ili Pendik ilçesinde bulunan üç adet özel hastanede yapılmıştır.
Araştırmanın evrenini söz konusu hastanelerde görev yapan sağlık personeli
oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örnekleminin belirlenmesinde basit tesadüfi
örneklem kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak, Özdemir ve
Dulkadir (2017) tarafından geliştirilen ve 33 sorudan oluşan 5’li likert tipi
ölçek kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca anket formunda, katılımcıların demografik
özelliklerini belirlemeye yönelik 5 adet soru bulunmaktadır.

Çalışmadan
elde edilen bulgulara göre; örgütsel performans ve BT’nin hem dışsal hem de
içsel odaklaşma amaçlı işlevleri arasında pozitif yönde, anlamlı, çok güçlü bir
ilişki bulunmuştur. BT’nin hem dışsal hem de içsel odaklaşma amaçlı
işlevlerinin örgütsel performansı pozitif yönde etkilediği görülmüştür. Ayrıca,
BT’nin dışsal odaklaşma amaçlı işlevlerinin kullanımı sonucunda örgütsel performans
üzerinde etkili bir artış gözlenmiş ve BT’nin içsel bütünleşme amaçlı işlevleri
arttıkça çalışanların örgütsel performansı da artmıştır.
Penerapan Athiti Krama Dalam Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan Agama Hindu Pada Pasraman Dharma Bhakti Gianyar
Authors: Oka Silantari I Gusti Ayu , Mardika I Ketut
Published: December 2018

In human nature, apart from being individual beings as well as social beings who have their own culture. Culture arises in humans due to reason and thought in the human being itself. Humans will be able to live perfectly when they live together with other humans, in relation to other humans, certain norms or rules are needed. In the regulation, one of them was written about the procedure for honoring guests called Athiti Krama. Athiti Krama gives motivation in human life because through this human being can foster good relations between humans one with other human beings in harmony. The implementation of Athiti Krama can be found in societies everywhere in the world, both in the advanced society and the people who are still modest in their civilization.
 In social life, everyone should behave well so as to create happiness for themselves and the community, because in the teachings of Hinduism, Athiti Krama teachings are basically contained which can bring people to achieve harmony in social order in society. The basis of Athiti Krama's teachings is the ethics or morality that many of the Vedic scriptures have mentioned, one of which is Tri Kaya Parisudha. Considering the importance of Athiti Krama as a social guide in people's lives. So it should be known to be applied in the learning process in Pasraman Dharma Bhakti.
ReacNetGen: an Automatic Reaction Network Generator for Reactive Molecular Dynamic Simulations
Authors: Zeng Jinzhe , Cao Liqun , Zhang John ZH , Chin Chih-Hao , Zhu Tong
Published: December 2018

The reactive molecular dynamics is widely used in the field of computational chemistry to study the reaction mechanisms in molecular systems. However, complex trajectories that are difficult to analyze have become a major obstacle to its application in large-scale systems. In this work, a new approach named ReacNetGen is developed to obtain reaction networks based on reactive MD simulations. Molecular species can be automatically generated from the 3D coordinates of atoms in the trajectory. The hidden Markov model is used to filter the noises in the trajectory, which makes the analysis process easier and more accurate. Compared with manual analysis, the advantage of this method in terms of efficiency is very obvious for large-scale simulation trajectories. It has been successfully used in the analysis of the simulated oxidation of 4-component RP-3 and methane.
How Much Aromatic Naphthalene and Graphene Are?
Authors: Dixit Vaibhav , Singh Yashita Y.
Published: December 2018

Naphthalene, (Aromatic stabilization Energy; ASE, 50-60 kcal/mol) polyacenes and graphene are considered aromatic. Existing models for polyacenes predict a linearly increasing ASE and give little insights into their high reactivity and decreasing stability. Graphene’s aromaticity has been studied earlier qualitatively suggesting alternate Clar’s sextet and two-electrons per ring, but ASE estimates have not been reported yet. In this paper, various Heat of Hydrogenation (HoH) and isodesmic schemes have been proposed and compared for the estimation of naphthalene ASE. Results show that HoH schemes are simple to design, are equivalent to isodesmic schemes, and unconjugated unsaturated reference systems predict ASE values in agreement with literature reports. Partially aromatic reference systems underestimate ASE. HoH schemes require calculations for a smaller number of structures, and offer scope for experimental validation, and involve enthalpy differences. Polyacene (X-axis extensions of benzene) ASE estimates (using HoH scheme) correlate well with experimental instability data and offer new physical insights explaining the absence of arbitrarily larger polyacenes. ASEs extrapolated from quadratic and logarithmic regression models have been used to estimate the largest polyacene with limiting ASE values. ASE values for Pyrene (Y-axis extension of benzene) and higher analogues (here called pyrene-vertacenes) are estimated using HoH schemes. Further truncated graphene models and graphene are approximated as combinations of polyacene and pyrene-vertacene units. First ever ASE and molecular sizes (22-255 nM) estimates predict nanometer size ranges for flat graphene in agreement with recent experiments and offer new physical insights. These ASE and size estimates for graphene may prove useful in the design of novel energy (hydrogen) storage, electronic and material science applications.
Dienamine-Induced Divinylcyclopropane-Cycloheptadiene Rearrangements
Authors: Apel Caroline , Hartmann Sven Sören , Lentz Dieter , Christmann Mathias
Published: December 2018

Sigmatropic rearrangements constitute an important group of pericyclic reactions. In contrast to cycloaddition reactions, examples of catalytic variants of electrocyclic reactions and sigmatropic rearrangements are still scarce in the chemical literature. Herein, we report the first organocatalytic Cope rearrangement of in situgenerated divinylcyclopropanes. The reactive motif is generated by condensation of 4-(2-vinylcyclopropyl)but-2-enal derivatives and a secondary amine catalyst to form a transient dienamine. The cycloheptadiene products can be obtained in high yield and excellent diastereoselectivity. Importantly, the reaction was demonstrated to be stereospecific, proceeds under mild conditions, and shows broad functional group tolerance.
Ru Passivated and Ru Doped e-TaN surfaces as Combined Barrier and Liner Material for Copper Interconnects: A First Principles Study
Authors: Natarajan Suresh , Nies Cara-Lena , Nolan Michael
Published: December 2018

As the critical dimensions of transistors continue to be scaled down to facilitate improved performance and device speeds, new ultrathin materials that combine diffusion barrier and seed/liner properties are needed for copper interconnects at these length scales. Ideally, to facilitate coating of high aspect ratio structures, this alternative barrier+liner material should only consist of one or as few layers as possible. We studied TaN, the current industry standard for Cu diffusion barriers, and Ru, which is asuitable liner material for Cu electroplating, to explore how combining these two materials in a barrier+liner material influences the adsorption of Cu atoms in the early stage of Cu film growth. To this end, we carried out first-principles simulations of the adsorption and diffusion of Cu adatoms at Ru-passivated and Ru-doped e-TaN(1 1 0) surfaces. For comparison, we also studied the behaviour of Cu and Ru adatoms at the low index surfaces of e-TaN, as well as the interaction of Cu adatoms with the (0 0 1) surface of hexagonal Ru. Our results confirm the barrier and liner properties of TaN and Ru, respectively while also highlighting the weaknesses of both materials. Ru passivated TaN was found to have improved binding with Cu adatoms as compared to the bare TaN and Ru surfaces.On the other hand, the energetic barrier for Cu diffusion at Ru passivated TaN surface was lower than at the bare TaN surface which can promote Cu agglomeration. For Ru-doped TaN however, a decrease in Cu binding energy was found in addition to favourable migration of the Cu adatoms toward the doped Ru atom and unfavourable migration away from it or into the bulk. This suggests that Ru doping sites in the TaN surface can act as nucleation points for Cu growth with high migration barrier preventing agglomeration and allow electroplating of Cu. Therefore Ru-doped TaN is proposed as a candidate for a combined barrier+liner material with reduced thickness.
Comparative assessment of effectiveness of new drugs for targeted therapy of endometriosis by experimental model
Authors: Yarmoliskaya M I , Petrosyan M A , Florova M S , Molotkov A S , Denisova A S , Suslova E V , Tkhazaplizheva S Sh
Published: December 2018

Introduction. The chronic, progressive, recurrent nature of the endometriosis results new avenues of targeted therapy for genital endometriosis with high therapeutic efficacy and minimal side effects must be explored. Nowadays, the standard of prolonged specific therapy for endometriosis is the dienogest 2 mg daily, which has already been proven to be effective in vitro, in vivo and in clinical practice. Purpose: to evaluate the effectiveness of new types of targeted pathogenetic therapy for endometriosis on the model of endometriosis in rats compared to dienogest and without treatment. Materials and methods. Endometriosis was induced on 69 Wistar rats by autotransplantation of uterine fragments onto the inner surface of the abdominal wall. After 14 days, the heterotopies had been measured by laparoscopy and then rats were randomized of into one of 6 experimental groups (dienogest, letrozole, cabergoline, metformin, vitamin D, melatonin) or a control group. All drugs were administered daily orally for three weeks, after which an autopsy and re-measuring of the size of endometrial implants were performed. Results. The most pronounced decrease in the size of endometrial implants was observed in the group of animals treated with dienogest (complete resorption - 48%, regression - 48%, without dynamics - 4%) and letrozole (complete resorption - 44%, regression - 56%) without the statistically significant difference between groups. In other groups, a significant decrease in the size of endometrial implants was demonstrated compared with the control, without a statistically significant difference between the groups. Findings. The presented study confirms the absence at the present time of oral drugs for the treatment of endometriosis, comparable in efficacy and safety with dienogest. Further research are needed to evaluate the different combinations of dopamine agonists, biguanides, vitamin D, melatonin as the supplement to the classic hormone-modulating therapy for endometriosis or as monotherapy in patients with contraindications to standard hormone therapy.
Efficiency of cryoperenosis depending on various factors
Authors: Protopopova N V , Druzhinina E B , Mylnikova U V , Boldonova N A , Dvoryanov J A , Krylova K V , Labygina A V , Kovalenko I I
Published: December 2018

Materials and methods. The article presents an assessment of the influence of factors on the effectiveness of cryoprenoses. Scientists conducted a retrospective analysis of 149 cryogenic transfer on the basis of the department of Auxiliary reproductive technologies of the Irkutsk Regional Perinatal Center for 2017. Patients signed voluntary consent to participate, the patients were divided into 4 groups, depending on the duration of storage of embryos: group 1 - 57 people, with a shelf life of 1-3 months, group 2 - 29 people, storage period 4-6 months, group 3 - 25 people, the shelf life is 7-11 months, group 4 - 38 people, the shelf life is 12 months or more. The average age of women is 30.69±2.9 years. Selection criteria for research: tubal factor of infertility, frozen embryos. Results. The analysis of cryopreference showed that the age of patients, the quality of transferred devitrified embryos and the duration of storage of cryopreserved embryos have a more important influence.
Dimerization and auto-processing induce caspase-11 protease activation within the non-canonical inflammasome
Authors: Ross Connie , Chan Amy H , Von Pein Jessica , Boucher Dave , Schroder Kate
Published: December 2018

Caspase-11 is a cytosolic sensor and protease that drives innate immune responses to the bacterial cell wall component, LPS. Caspase-11 provides defence against cytosolic Gram-negative bacteria; however, excessive caspase-11 responses contribute to murine endotoxic shock. Upon sensing LPS, caspase-11 assembles a higher order structure called the non-canonical inflammasome that enables the activation of caspase-11 protease function, leading to gasdermin D cleavage and cell death. The mechanism by which caspase-11 acquires protease function is, however, poorly defined. Here, we show that caspase-11 dimerization is necessary and sufficient for eliciting basal caspase-11 protease function, such as the ability to auto-cleave. We further show that during non-canonical inflammasome signalling, caspase-11 self-cleaves at site (D285) within the linker connecting the large and small enzymatic subunits. Self-cleavage at the D285 site is required to generate the fully active caspase-11 protease (proposed here to be p32/p10) that mediates gasdermin D cleavage, macrophage death, and NLRP3-dependent IL-1β production. This study provides a detailed molecular mechanism by which LPS induces caspase-11–driven inflammation and cell death to provide host defence against cytosolic bacterial infection.
THE REASONING OF THE USAGE OF MEDIAPSYCHOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PROCESS OF TRAINING OF STUDENTS TO THEIR PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Subashkevych Iryna
Published: December 2018

The article deals with the importance of mediaeducation in the educational environment. The theoretical bases are grounded and some practical tips are provided concerning the problem of the formation of the value-content sphere of the students of the pedagogical field by means of mediapsychological technologies. The role of mediapsychological technologies as the factors of the formation of the value-content sphere of our young generation is outlined. The main functions of mediaeducation and mediapsychological technologies are described ( information, activation, the increase of motivation, interactive monitoring, effectiveness, impulse). The most important factors of the influence of media on the formation of values of youth are outlined. The main approaches of implementing of curricula in Ukrainian higher educational establishments are analyzed
VALUE INITIATIVES OF FUTURE TEACHERS AS A PREFERENCE FOR INTEGRATION TO THE EUROPEAN EDUCATIONAL SPACE
Authors: Palamar Svetlana
Published: December 2018

The process of formation of values and value orientations depends on both external social and internal personal factors. The factors influencing the formation of value orientations of future teachers are analyzed. The main value orientations of students in the conditions of personality formation are determined. The process of formation of the spiritual and moral values of future teachers is characterized, as modern society requires a fully developed, highly moral personality, a professional whose professional activity will enable to establish value orientations in younger generations.
DYNAMICS OF PROBLEM OF ALTRUISM LIKE PSYCHOLOGY-PEDAGOGICAL CATEGORY
Authors: Stoiko Kateryna
Published: December 2018

The article presents the definition of altruism such as philosophical, social and psychological-pedagogical category. In this case, proposed the designation "altruism" is understood like an ethic principle and moral practice of concern for the happiness of other human beings, resulting in a quality of life both material and spiritual. The concept has a long history in philosophical and ethical thought. The term was originally coined in the 19th century by the founding sociologist and philosopher of science, August Comte, and has become a major topic for psychologists (especially evolutionary psychology researchers), evolutionary biologists, and ethnologists. Whilst ideas about altruism from one field can affect the other fields, the different methods and focuses of these fields always lead to different perspectives on altruism. Category altruism was reflected in pedagogical science.

The article presents different views on the interpretation and understanding of the problem of altruism and its importance in the educational process. The preconditions of entering the category of altruism in the world and domestic pedagogical thought are considered. The above-mentioned problem has been investigated in the historical aspect. The generalization of the theory of the origin of altruism, the peculiarities of manifestations, factors, inducing to altruistic behavior is carried out. The urgency of consideration of a problem at the present stage of educational work of pupils is considered.

The opinions of scientists N.Eisenberg, S.Goncharenko, V.Efroimson, D.Kleery, O.Kont, D.Maers, G.Mironova, A.Moiseeva, M.Snyder about an understanding of a category of altruism are offered.

The generalization of the theory of the origin of altruism, the peculiarities of manifestations, factors, inducing to altruistic behavior is carried out. The urgency of consideration of a problem at the present stage of educational work of pupils is considered.
IDEAS ABOUT THE DEVELOPING ENVIRONMENT FOR CHILDREN AS A SUBJECT OF THEORETICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Matiushynets Yana
Published: December 2018

The article highlights the historical and pedagogical analysis of the views of Ukrainian pedagogues of the late 19th - early 20th century on the creation and functioning of a developing environment for children. The author considers the main approaches to the organization of the education, upbringing and development of preschool and children of primary school age (child-centeredness, nature-type, teaching in the environment) and the features of creating the developing environment at different time intervals (1899-1918). The goals, the tasks of the functioning of various institutions for children in accordance with the social, economic, political and cultural changes in the territory of Ukraine at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century (the need for moral and physical education of the individual, the observance of the national character of education, the individual approach) have been clarified.

The author in article disclose the contribution Ukrainian pedagogues to the development of the problem of the functioning of the developing environment for children: the preservation of the life and health of children, the provision of physical and moral education of the individual; ensuring the preparation of the child for school, the education of moral qualities, discipline; ensuring native language environment, preparation of children for life; creation of an environment for children on the principles of individuality, nationality, revealing the creative forces of the child, aesthetic development mental and physical development of the individual
STUDY TRAINING AS MEANS OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS IN PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORT COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE CREATING
Authors: Beseda Nataliia , Vorobjov Oleksiy
Published: December 2018

Theoretical and practical experience referring communicative competence defining as a significant component of specialist’s professional development is systematized in the article. Thereupon it is defined that developing future specialists in physical education and sport effective communicative abilities is becoming especially important in the process of their professional training.

Purposefulness of implementing organizational and pedagogic conditions for increasing specialist’s readiness for professional activity is grounded. They include the following ones: improving training essence, forms and methods; growth of students’ value-based attitude to professional activity; developing their commitment to self-development and professional advancement.

The purpose of the article is to analyze peculiarities of developing future specialists in physical education and sport communicative competence in the process of training lesson.

Special aspects of developing future specialists in physical education and sport communicative competence in the process of training lesson are characterized. Training is proved to be a technology oriented towards group work organizing and at the same time at developing each training group’s member personality.

The essence of pedagogic communication, its functions and styles are revealed. Communicative barriers and approaches to their elimination are defined and characterized. Exercises aimed at developing students’ functional communication, active listening and effective cooperation with surrounding people are suggested. Situational tasks modeling future professional activity are chosen. Their performing contributes to mastering “I-statement” technique.
Exploring Prospective Elementary Teachers’ Ability to Notice
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Lee Eun-Jung , Park Mimi
Published: December 2018

Many researchers have argued that teacher noticing is a key component for improving a mathematics teacher’s classroom practice. This study investigates the prospective elementary ability of teachers to notice. 169 prospective elementary school teachers participated in the study. They completed a written instrument, which was designed to investigate their noticing of a videotaped lesson of a fourth grade mathematics classroom. The main findings from our data can be summarized as follows: Prospective teachers’ imbalanced attention in regards to the three aspects of the teaching triad; there was a statistically significant difference between the second grade prospective teachers’ ability to notice and third grade prospective teachers’ ability to notice issues related to their students. Based on the results, we discussed possible explanations for features of our prospective teachers’ noticing and implications for prospective teacher education.
Exploring the Direction of Mathematics Education in the Future Age
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Na GwiSoo , Kim Yeon , Lee Soo Jin , Park Mimi , Kim Dong-Won
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this study was to explore the direction of Korea's future mathematics education in preparation for the future age represented by the Fourth Industrial Revolution. In this study, investigation was done on future competences proposed by international organizations, such as OECD, UNESCO, WEF and P21, and the emphasis of recent mathematics curriculum for Japan, Singapore, China, Finland, Germany, Australia, UK and US. As a result, we have developed a framework for future mathematics education, which entails Mathematics Core Content, Future Mathematical Theme, Mathematical Competence, and Social and Emotional Competence as the main areas for future mathematics education. The direction of the future mathematics education proposed in this study will serve as a basis for establishing a systematic mathematics education policy for future generations in Korea.
The Effects of the Mathematical Program, DM³ Based on Coding Instruction Using Python
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Lee Seobin , Ko Sang-Sook
Published: December 2018

This study aimed to develop and implement a mathematical program coded using python to analyze the results in order to investigate the effect of the program, and to provide some direction for future research on math education using coding. For the study, we designed the DM³ instruction model based on demonstration, modeling, marking, & mentoring and subsequently developed *-lesson units for the use in seventh grade learning and teaching in a middle school. This study was experimented on two groups of subjects : 50 seventh grade students (learners) from one middle school, and 25 pre-service teachers (supplementary teachers). According to the results, the mathematical program developed in this study had a positive effect on the self-efficacy of both subjects on coding instruction. Moreover, the program had a positive effect on the teachers' perspectives on coding instruction. The results suggest that development and implementation of the mathematical program based on coding instruction using Python are consequently feasible for the seventh grade students.
The Role of Ambiguity in Learning Mathematics
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Cho Jinseok , Lee Dong-Hwan
Published: December 2018

This study focused on the positive potential of ambiguity in mathematics teaching and learning, and on identifying the role of ambiguity in specific classroom scenes. To do this, students’ perceived ambiguity in problem solving was analyzed. As a result, it was identified that with the aspects of unintentional ambiguity avoidance, intentional ambiguity avoidance, refinement of ambiguity and resolution, and at each stage they could have different mathematical experiences.
The Teacher's Knowledge Needed to Analyze Student's Errors in the Concept of Complex Numbers
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Choi Eunah , Kang Hyangim
Published: December 2018

In this study, the teacher’s knowledge and its features necessary to analyze student errors about the concept of complex numbers are revealed. The instruments used for the diagnosis of and correcting student’s responses were administered to 36 pre-service teachers. The results and analysis of this study showed that. First, a teacher’s knowledge in the step of error judgement is the key to determine the direction and accuracy of diagnosis of and correcting student’s errors. Secondly, it was confirmed that there is the need for the precise knowledge about the representation of complex numbers and the knowledge about the essential prerequisites for the harmony of the complex number system and real number system. Thirdly, pre-service teachers need to have a critical approach to the definition and operations of complex numbers. Lastly, the knowledge about the internal and external value and the usefulness of complex numbers was proposed as the teacher's knowledge necessary to analyze student's errors about the concept of complex numbers.
A Comparative Study on Learning Contents of Elementary School Mathematics Textbooks between South Korea and North Korea with Focus on 1st, 2nd and 3rd Grade
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Lee Hwayoung , Lim Miin , Kim Juchang
Published: December 2018

In this study, we analyzed the elementary school mathematics textbooks used from 1st to 3rd grade in South Korea and North Korea. The textbooks were specifically compared in terms of their content. As a result, some implications on the similarities and differences between the two textbooks were derived. First, a number of content elements had been taught earlier in South Korea than in North Korea and vice versa. Secondly, most of the content elements that have been taught only from 1st to 3rd grade in South Korea, and those that have been taught only in North Korea were extracted. Therefore, we established that the contents covered in South and North Korean textbooks were different in terms of period and order of teaching and existence of learning contents. Therefore, this study draws some implications from the discussion based on the analysis of the results.
Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Matematika Dengan Pendekatan Saintifik Berbasis GeoGebra Untuk SMA di Mataram
Authors: Novitasari Dwi , Indrawati Indrawati , Risfianty Dwi Kartika
Published: December 2018

Abstrak: Pengajaran matematika di kota Mataram dominan masih terpusat pada guru, partisipasi siswa dalam pembelajaran dan hasil belajar siswa masih rendah yang salah satunya disebabkan kurangnya pemahaman siswa terhadap materi yang diajarkan. Mengatasi hal tersebut, diperlukan suatu pembelajaran yang berpusat pada siswa serta dapat mengkonstruksi pemahaman siswa. Untuk itu dalam penelitian ini dikembangkan perangkat pembelajaran matematika melalui pendekatan saintifik berbasis GeoGebra berupa RPP, Buku Guru dan LKS yang valid, praktif dan efektif. Hasil validasi perangkat: RPP (4.55), Buku Guru (4.17), LKS (4.44). Analisis efektifitas termasuk kategori efektif dimana: 1) Nilai siswa di atas KKM sebesar 86.84 % ; 2) Rata-rata aktivitas guru dan siswa berada pada rentang batas toleransi yang ditentukan; 3) Kemampuan guru mengelola pembelajaran berkategori baik; 4) Rata-rata respon positif siswa yaitu 92.65%. Serta berkategori praktis dengan kriteria: 1) Memiliki nilai IP baik; 2) Keterlaksanaan pembelajaran berkategori tinggi dengan nilai rata-rata 4.34; 3) Kemampuan guru mengelola pembelajaran berkategori baik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan valid, praktis dan efektif sehingga dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran di kelas.

Kata Kunci: pengembangan, perangkat pembelajaran, pendekatan saintifik, GeoGebra

 

Abstract : Teaching mathematics in Mataram City is still dominant by learning teacher-centered, the student participation in learning and students’ mathematics achievement are still low. One of which is due to a lack of students' understanding of the material being taught. Overcoming this, we need a student-centered learning and can construct students' understanding. For this reason, this study aim to develop a mathematical learning kit through a scientific approach based GeoGebra including the lesson plan (RPP), Teacher's Books and worksheets (LKS) that were valid, practive and effective. The result of the research show that the validation average score for : RPP (4.55), Teacher's Book (4.17), LKS (4.44). Effectiveness analysis included effective categories where : 1) Student scores above KKM were 86.84%; 2) The average activity of teachers and students is within the specified tolerance range; 3) The ability of teachers to manage learning in good category; 4) The average of students positive response is 92.65%. As well as practical categories with criteria: 1) Having a good IP value; 2) Implementation of high category learning with an average value of 4.34; 3) The ability of teachers to manage learning in good category. Thus, this research can be concluded that learning kit that are developed are valid, practical and effective so they can be used in classroom learning.

Key words : development, teaching kit, scientific approach, GeoGebra
Not so Hard Problem: Francisco Varela on the Relations between Consciousness, Nature and Life
Authors: Miroshnichenko M. D.
Published: December 2018

The author reconstructs the theory of F. Varela with relevance to the hard problem of consciousness. This problem was touched by Varela in relatively late period of his work. However, the implications for dissolution of this problem can be found in his earlier works with H. Maturana. Theory of autopoietic systems ties life and cognition together, resulting in natural historical comprehension of consciousness and its functioning. Autopoiesis, understood as network of processes of production of components used as resources for maintaining these processes, sets organizational invariances, distinguishing living system from its milieu. The main criterion of living system is an ability to maintain autopoietic organization while undergoing structural transformations with environment. Structural plasticity leads to multiple realizability of autopoietic organizations, which, in turn, leads to radical conclusion on nature of knowledge. One can distinguish the knower and the known only contingently, as the structure of knowledge reflects cognitive structure of the knower. This intertwinement permits Varela to introduce the enactivist program, which presupposes not simply reform in the scientific research of consciousness but also rethinking the implications of scientific knowledge itself. Cognition is a sensorimotor constitution of the world. Therefore, consciousness is not an object of material nature among other objects but provides our cognitive access to nature. Varela intended to abandon the theoretical approach to the problem of consciousness. His aim was not to provide a new argument. This is a consequence of the enactivist position which, according to theory of autopoiesis, must be applicable to the knower himself.
Early Japanese Philosophers in Konjaku monogatari shū
Authors: Trubnikova N. N.
Published: December 2018

The paper deals with the tales on the origins of Japanese Buddhism from the 11th scroll of the Konjaku monogatari shū (early 12th century). Particular attention is paid to the stories about Saichō (767–822) and Kūkai (774–835), the founders of the Tendai and Shingon schools, thinkers, whose writings have built two versions of the doctrine of the Buddhist ritual aimed at “state protection” and “benefits in this world.” From the elements familiar to the Western reader – “lives, opinions and sayings,” according to Laertius, – in these stories the first one dominates. Brief information about the doctrines of the famous teachers in Konjaku is embedded in the narrative about their practical activities. The objectives of this activity are, firstly, to adopt in China and root in Japan the Chinese traditions of Buddhist practice, which go back to the Indian models; secondly, to arrange monasteries and monastic orders best suited to serve the country and its inhabitants. The legends about Saichō and Kūkai in Konjaku are placed in context of the narratives about the builders of temples and about the monks who visited the mainland in search of Buddha’s Teaching. This context helps to understand the principle of selecting (pseudo)biographical details for each of the sages in Konjaku. The themes of a wonderful birth and early learning successes are common in these stories; the theme of appeasement of kami deities or the treaty with them also sounds in many of these stories. In the legends about Kukai and Saichō, the themes of the arts in its Buddhist meaning (calligraphy, sculpture) and the separation of the school within the Buddhist community are also important: according to the plan of their founders, the “secret” schools, preaching enlightenment for all, follow their own special path of practice.
Nishida Kitaro’s Views on Japanese Culture
Authors: Skvortsova E. L.
Published: December 2018

Nishida Kitaro (1870–1945) is a well-known Japanese philosopher whose work is marked by attempts to combine the world outlooks of the national spiritual tradition with elements of European philosophical thought. The article analyzes Nishida’s views on culture that are an independent part of his original philosophical theory. Religion, art, morality, science are the ideal forms of being in the historical world. The work of a scientist or artist is a manifestation of the formative activity of a person. The historical world as the “sphere of absolute nothingness” is the final point of the introspection of “nothingness,” where reality comprehends the identity of its opposites through human activity. Nothingness, or “Emptiness,” in the East Asian tradition has another, dynamic, dimension – these are the relations between people and the relations between man and the cosmos, or Nature, which are not perceived by rough human feelings and not comprehended by equally rough mind. Nishida stressed that for Japan the issue of the authenticity of the national foundations of culture, separated from Chinese and Indian influences, has a clearly positive answer in the aesthetic sphere: in the field of traditional poetics. The traditional aesthetics of Japan reflects the archetypal structure of the national culture. All world cultures have a common prototype, but each of them is a deviation, one-sidedness of this prototype. In the West, a culture of the form triumphed, beginning with Plato and Aristotle. In Japan, on the contrary, the culture was characterized by fluidity, processability, formlessness. In fact, Nishida is one of founding fathers of modern Japanese cultural studies.
Risco para lesão por fricção em idosos longevos na atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Tristão Francisco , Girondi Juliana , Hammerschmidt Karina , Soares Cilene , Martins Tatiana , Lima Daniella
Published: December 2018

Objective: To identify the risks for the development of friction injury (FI) in long-lived elderly in primary health care. Methods: Descriptive research of quantitative approach. Participants were 42 elderly aged 80 years or more. Conducted structured interview and applied form. Simple descriptive analysis was realized by means of the absolute and relative frequency of the variables. Veriﬁed the level of signiﬁcance between the most frequent clinical factors and sociodemographic factors: age, ethnicity and gender, using the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. The contingency coeﬃcient was performed with the parameters: c ≥ 0.750 = strong association; 0.500 to 0.749 = moderate association; ≤ 0.499 = weak association. Results: Age ranged from 80 to 100 years, prevailing between 80 and 85 years (59.5%), 28 (66.7%) women, 38 (90.5%) white and 30 (71.4%) with incomplete ﬁrst degree. In 41 elderly patients (97.6%), there were dermatological alterations related to the risk for FI (dry skin, senile blemish, ecchymosis and edema). Age was the demographic factor with the highest association with clinical ﬁndings (p = 0.0397). Conclusion: Faced with these ﬁndings, it becomes imperative that nurses be equipped with scientiﬁc knowledge, which allow them to propose care capable of controlling the risk factors for FI development.
Everyone Is A Teacher Here Effect on Science Learning Achievement Based on Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Oktalia Riska , Wijayanti Astuti , Ernawati Tias
Published: December 2018

This research is a quasi-experiment that aims to know: (1) the difference of science learning achievement between the learning method of everyone is a teacher here with the method of discussion learning (2) the difference of science learning achievement for high and low critical thinking skill (3) the interaction between learning method and the critical thinking skill of the learning achievement of science. Design research using factorial design 2x2. Data collection techniques using test techniques, observation techniques, questionnaires, and documentation. Data analysis techniques for hypothesis testing using a two-way ANOVA test. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that: (1) there is a very significant difference the learning outcomes of science between the learning method of everyone is a teacher here with the method of discussion learning (p = 0,000) (2) there is a very significant difference of science learning achievement for high and low critical thinking skills (p = 0,000) and (3) there is a significant interaction between the learning method and the critical thinking skill of the learning achievement (p = 0,040).
Characterizing Engineering Work in a Changing World: Synthesis of a Typology for Engineering Graduates' Occupational Outcomes
Authors: Magarian James N. , Seering Warren P.
Published: December 2018

The 21st century has brought an expansion in the variety of occupational roles associated with product, service, and technological development. As a result, it has become more challenging to assess the occupational choices of engineering graduates over time. This paper introduces an engineering graduates’ occupational outcomes typology designed to facilitate consistency among researchers who employ occupational outcome as a dependent variable in original research, such as in studies of underrepresented groups’ persistence in engineering. The typology is synthesized from the results of a systematic literature review aimed at establishing which work attribute(s) have most consistently united those practicing engineering. The review identifies “design responsibility” – responsibility for the outcomes of design implementation, inclusive of safety, ethicality, and general effectiveness of designs – as an enduring commonality among engineers. Subsequent stages of the review then uncover how this design responsibility has often manifested in engineering practice. Based on the literature review, we present a series of propositions that underpin general definitions of three types of occupational outcomes – engineering work, engineering-related work, and other work – showing how the types can be distinguished based on the nature of design responsibility associated with each. These definitions thus serve as the foundation for a stratified typology of occupations’ engineering-relatedness. We conclude by discussing how utilization of this stratified approach for measuring engineering graduates’ occupational outcomes can enhance transparency and consistency among studies that examine such outcomes. By building the typology upon a distilled notion of fundamental job responsibility, rather than upon job titles, it is our hope that the typology can serve in a meaningful, enduring occupational benchmarking capacity as new job titles, role formulations, or entire technology areas, come and go.
BIDS-EEG: an extension to the Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) Specification for electroencephalography
Authors: Pernet Cyril R , Appelhoff Stefan , Flandin Guillaume , Phillips Christophe , Delorme Arnaud , Oostenveld Robert
Published: December 2018

The Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) project is a quickly evolving effort among the human brain imaging research community to create standards allowing researchers to readily organize and share study data within and between laboratories. The first BIDS standard was proposed for the MRI/fMRI research community and has now been widely adopted. More recently a magnetoencephalography (MEG) data extension, BIDS-MEG, has been published. Here we present an extension to BIDS for electroencephalography (EEG) data, BIDS-EEG, along with tools and references to a series of public EEG datasets organized using this new standard. A shortened version is now published in Nature Scientific Data: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-019-0104-8.
Preparation Process, Sensory Profile And Chemical Composition of Sargyangma.
Authors: Limbu Prem Kumar , Acharya Devraj , Subba Dilip
Published: December 2018

The aim of present work was to describe the traditional process of preparation, sensory profile and chemical composition of Sargyangma. Sargyangma was prepared in lab and its descriptive sensory test and chemical analysis were performed. The colour of Sargyangma was slightly brown and unevenly distributed. Sargyangma had characteristic aroma and taste mainly due to cooked blood and Yangben. Yangben is local word used by Limbu ethnic community for edible lichen. This had moderately intense bloody aroma and taste. Very intense Yangben aroma and taste was readily detectable. In the overall, Sargyangma had moderately intense pleasant, porky-meaty, spicy aroma. Sargyangma was moderately compact and juicy. Sargyangma contained high amount of fat (29.2%) and moderate amount of protein (13.33%).
Belief about Medications among Sample of Iraqi Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: J. Jebur Nisreen , J. Kadhim Dheyaa , M. Firhan Nawal.
Published: December 2018

Inflammatory bowel disease includes both Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, is a chronic, progressive relapsing disease of gastrointestinal tract that require long-term treatment or maintenance therapy. Taking patient’s beliefs about the prescribed medication in consideration had been shown to be an important factor that affects compliance of the patient in whom having positive beliefs is a prerequisite for better compliance. The aim of the current study was to investigate and assess beliefs about medicines among a sample of Iraqi patients with inflammatory bowel disease and to determine possible association between these beliefs and some patient-specific factors.

This study is a cross-sectional study carried out on 150 already diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease patients who attended the Gastroenterology and Hepatology Teaching Hospital/Medical City/Baghdad. The mean age of the patients was (31.7 ± 11.4 years).The number of ulcerative colitis patients was 74, while the number of Crohn’s disease patients was 76. Belief about medicines was measured using the Arabic version of the beliefs about medicines questionnaire. The majority of the patients (58%) had strong beliefs in the necessity of treatment (specific-necessity score greater than specific-concern). For all patients (ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease together), there was a significant inverse correlation between male gender and specific concern score. Number of infliximab doses directly correlated with specific necessity score and inversely correlated with specific concern score. Future studies should investigate how interventional approaches addressing these predictors may lead to improve beliefs about medicines among inflammatory bowel disease patients and their impact on disease control.
Enhancement of the Solubility and Dissolution Rate of Rebamipide by Using Solid Dispersion Technique (Part I)
Authors: Ismail Muna Y. , M. Ghareeb Mowafaq
Published: December 2018

Solid dispersion is an attractive tool of pharmaceutical technology used to improve the physical properties of drugs. Among these properties is to enhance the solubility of the drugs.Rebamipide is a poorly soluble drug of class IV of biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS).Rebamipide is used as potent antiulcer, mucoprotective drug, by stimulating the generation of prostoglandine enhanced mucosal protection.Rebamipide was formulated as a solid dispersion using different polymers such as pluronic F-127, PEG6000, PVP K30, and TPGS by using different preparation methods solvent evaporation, fusion, and kneading methods.It was seen that rebamipide was successfully dispersed in a homogenous solid dispersion matrix by solvent evaporation method using TPGS (1:15) drug carrier ratio.Moreover, the results revealed that the solubility of rebamipide (23.9µg/ml) increased significantly (p?0.05) by 36.4 x fold to obtain 874µg/ml solubility in rebamipide matrix. On the other hand, characterization of rebamipide solid dispersion using FTIR, DSC, SEM and x-ray diffraction demonstrated no drug polymer interaction, and converting the rebamipide from crystal to amorphous state lattice.