bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
You cannot spell risk without “I‐S”: The disclosure of information systems risks by Fortune 1000 firms
Authors: Whitaker Jonathan , Thekdi Shital
Published: September 2024

Cybersecurity events can cause business disruptions, health and safety repercussions, financial costs, and negative publicity for large firms, and executives rank cybersecurity as a top operational concern. Although cybersecurity may be the most publicized information systems (IS) risk, large firms face a range of IS risks. Over the past three decades, researchers developed frameworks to categorize and evaluate IS risks. However, there have been few updates to these frameworks despite numerous technological advances, and we are not aware of any research that uses empirical data to map actual IS risks cited by large firms to these frameworks. To address this gap, we coded and analyzed text data from Item 1A (Risk Factors) of the fiscal year 2020 Securities and Exchange Commission Forms 10‐K for all Fortune 1000 firms. We build on prior research to develop a framework that places 25 IS risks into four quadrants and 10 categories, and we record the number and type of IS risks cited by each firm. The risk of cyberattack is cited by virtually all Fortune 1000 firms, and the risk of software/hardware failure is cited by 90% of Fortune 1000 firms. Risks associated with data privacy law compliance are cited by 70% of Fortune 1000 firms, and risks associated with internet/telecommunications/power outage, human error, and natural disasters/terrorism are cited by 60% of Fortune 1000 firms. We perform additional analysis to identify differences in risk citation based on industry and financial measures.
Exploring dynamic public trust in mega infrastructure projects during online public opinion crises of extreme climate emergencies: Users’ behaviors, trust dimensions, and effectiveness of strategies
Authors: Wang Yang , Gong Ruoyan , Xu Peizhi , Shen Chen
Published: September 2024

The vulnerability of mega infrastructure projects (MIPs) has generated online public opinion crises, leading to public trust damage. However, few studies focused on the online dynamic trust of MIPs in such crises from the perspective of multiple users. Based on situational crisis communication theory, this study aims to explore the dynamic public trust in MIPs during online public opinion crises of extreme climate emergencies. The extreme heavy rainstorm event in Zhengzhou City, China, was selected as the case. Content analysis, the curve fitting method, and sentiment analysis were conducted to process the collected data from multiple users. The results indicated that the opinions of trust damage were set by “media practitioners” and led by “elites,” whereas the opinions of trust repair were directed by “elites,” led by “media practitioners,” and defended by “individuals.” Besides, trust dimensions would change over time; integrity‐based and competence‐based trust diffused alternatively. “Diminish,” “deny,” and “rebuild” strategies were proved to be the most effective strategies in integrity‐based, competence‐based, and competence and integrity–based trust repair, respectively. The findings can contribute to the authorities monitoring online public opinions in extreme climate emergencies and repairing trustworthy images.
The Use and Impact of Well‐Being Metrics on Policymaking: Developers' and Users' Perspectives in Scotland and Italy
Authors: Battaglia Fabio
Published: September 2024

Gross domestic product (GDP) is frequently used as a proxy for well‐being. Such use of GDP is problematic for many reasons, for GDP excludes activities that contribute to well‐being and includes others that have a negative impact instead. As a result, a vast array of metrics has been developed to complement or replace it and put well‐being at the heart of policymaking. Nonetheless, previous research has shown that their use and impact on policymaking has been limited. This article examines the use and impact of well‐being metrics according to their own developers and intended users in the crucial cases of Scotland and Italy, focusing specifically on the two countries' official well‐being frameworks. Despite being at the forefront of the well‐being debate, both countries have never been studied in this regard before. This article fills this gap, collating views from more than 100 stakeholders, including statisticians, members of interest groups, policymakers and journalists. Findings show that the vast majority of informants could not cite any examples of cases in which either framework impacted on policymaking, or in which they themselves had used these. In some cases, this was due to them not being aware of what such frameworks were in the first place. Those who could identify some examples were those who were or used to be part of the government. Examples would, however, tend to be vague, in some instances remarkable yet merely anecdotal, and still in others the result of an ‘ex‐post rationalisation’.
Improving recognition of early clinical decline: Determining reliability and validity of the Garvey clinical warning curves
Authors: Garvey Paula K. , Himes Hannah , Sampson Marlene , McNett Molly
Published: September 2024

Background

New graduate nurses have difficulty recognizing and managing the early signs of clinical decline, resulting in a Failure to Rescue (FTR) event and preventable patient death. To address this gap, Garvey developed a series of Clinical Warning Curves as an instructional tool for new graduate nurses in an academic medical center. The Garvey Clinical Warning Curve models depict the progression of clinical changes in six body systems that occur before cardiac arrest.

Aims

The purpose of this study was to establish the content validity, reliability, and usability of the Garvey Clinical Warning Curves among healthcare experts and new‐graduate nurses.

Methods

The current study was a cross‐sectional, observational, validation survey design. Content experts used the content validity index (CVI) to evaluate the Curves.

Results

All but the temperature curves were rated as “acceptable” (CVI >0.60) for relevance, clarity, and ambiguity. The new graduate nurses who reviewed the case studies and placed patients onto the Clinical Warning Curves did so similarly, generating high intraclass correlation (ICC) scores. The usability survey components measured the perceptions of acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility for the use of the six Clinical Warning Curves in practice settings. All components of the Curves had an average score of 4.0 or greater except for the level of complexity which scored 3.88.

Linking Evidence to Action

The Garvey Clinical Warning Curves emerged as valid and reliable tools that aid new graduate nurses in recognizing subtle signs of clinical decline. Because timely recognition and communication of clinical decline are key to preventing FTR events and avoiding patient deaths, it would be beneficial to provide the Clinical Warning Curves as a bedside resource for new graduate nurses during their orientation to the unit or within a nurse residency program.
On the Emergence of Shipping Container Homes: Adaptation to Future Climate Projections
Authors: ALEGBE Mark
Published: September 2024

Upcycling shipping containers for housing is increasingly recognised as a sustainable solution to housing challenges, particularly in developing economies like Nigeria. This study evaluates the thermal comfort and energy efficiency of shipping container homes under climate conditions projected for 2080. Using meteorological data for Abuja and Lagos under the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5, a stand-alone shipping container home was simulated. The study incorporated fabric optimisation techniques, using polyurethane foam and polyisocyanurate board insulation, high-performance window glazing, and shading strategies. The findings reveal that without intervention, container homes would experience significant thermal discomfort, with annual discomfort hours exceeding 28°C in both cities. However, with insulation and shading, annual discomfort hours were reduced by up to 87%, and energy consumption decreased by 76%. These results highlight the critical role of insulation and shading in enhancing thermal comfort and reducing energy demand, making container homes a viable solution for sustainable housing in hot climates. The study underscores the need for policy support to promote the integration of advanced insulation and adaptive design strategies to ensure the resilience and sustainability of container homes in future climates.
Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA), A Decision Making Approach in Waste Water Treatment Plant: A Case Study
Authors: Kushwah Anand , Jangir Vikas , Sundriyal Sanjay , Paswan Kamlesh , Kumar Ajay
Published: September 2024

Environmental foot print of a waste water treatment plant is an important criterion to assess the performance of treatment unit. The novel waste water treatment technology was used to clean waste water up to a certain limit. Therefore, in whole process, beginning from electricity production to final disposal of water these treatment technologies can affect our environment. This environmental foot print can be determined by using CML 2000 guideline.  In final performance of a waste water treatment plant environmental ill effects should also be incorporated instead of only using treatment efficiency, CML 2000 gives environmental   performance. In this study four waste water treatment technologies namely Activated Sludge Process, up flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket, Membrane Biofilm Bioreactor, Fluidized Aerobic Bed were taken. The environmental performance of all these novel technologies was assessed on the basis of eutrophication, global warming potential and removal efficiency, characterization factors are normalized by using CML 2000 guideline. The maximum and minimum results of Acidification was obtained as 0.2215 & 0.0569 in UASB and FAB respectively. The maximum and minimum results of Eutrophication was attained as 0.564 & 0.055 in MBBR and ASP respectively.
Reinterpretation of Passive Cooling Strategies in Hot And Dry Climate Traditional Architecture: Vents in The Building
Authors: Ergün Ruşen , Bekleyen Ayhan
Published: September 2024

The building sector is among the most critical factors affecting environmental sustainability due to its impacts, such as energy consumption and greenhouse gas production. The reasons for energy consumption and greenhouse gas production in the building sector may vary according to climatic characteristics. In hot and arid climate regions, a significant portion of energy consumption is caused by indoor cooling, especially since the focus is on reducing the indoor temperature. In the periods when traditional architecture was developed, the lack of technological products that would increase energy consumption was effective in providing indoor air conditioning with passive design strategies. This study aims to identify the building openings for natural ventilation and cooling used in the traditional architecture of hot and dry climates and to analyze and evaluate their modern interpretations. A total of 235 award-winning projects were analyzed, and 21 were included in the study. In this context, it was determined that 16 different strategies used in traditional architecture were re-interpretation, and their modern interpretations were analyzed through award-winning projects. The traditional passive design strategies identified in this context have been adapted to modern architecture in 18 types. Wind orientators come to the forefront. In addition, it was determined that the strategies adapted to modern architecture are generally integrated. This study guides modern interpretations of traditional passive design strategies for sustainable building design.
Beyond Technical Specs: Using AHP to Prioritize User Needs in Turkish Basketball Arena Designs
Authors: Toprakli Abdurrahman Yagmur , Işıklar Bengi Sena
Published: September 2024

Basketball arenas are crucial spaces that must meet specific standards to ensure the sustainability of the sport and the quality of play. While Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) assesses these standards, it often assumes that all performance indicators are equally important, potentially leading to a gap between design intent and actual user experience. This study aims to bridge this gap by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to prioritize evaluation criteria for Turkish professional basketball arenas designed for national and international matches, regional/local competitions, and training programs. Existing studies and reports indicate that basketball arenas in Turkey often fall short in meeting necessary physical requirements and exhibit performance deficiencies. To address this gap, this study identifies factors determining arena performance, categorized as technical, functional, and behavioral based on Preiser's framework. These criteria were further categorized according to different spaces within the arena, including general use areas, administrative spaces, and athlete-specific areas. A panel of expert sports facility design professionals provided judgments about the relative importance of these criteria using pairwise comparisons. The AHP method was then employed to calculate priority weights for each criterion. The results reveal the relative importance of different criteria for each space. For example, in general use areas, "furniture suitability/sufficiency" and "provision of ergonomic conditions for the disabled" ranked highest. In administrative spaces, "fire protection" and "accessibility" were deemed most important, while in athlete-specific areas, "visual and auditory privacy" and "security" took precedence. This study demonstrates the potential of AHP for developing a systematic and reliable framework for qualitative evaluations that measure user satisfaction. AHP-based evaluation models offer a valuable tool for architects, facility managers, and decision-makers to assess architectural design quality, prioritize design criteria, and support user-centered design processes.
Data Monetization Strategies: The Construction Industry Market Analysis
Authors: Maaz Zafira Nadia , Ismail Mohamad Zahierruden
Published: September 2024

Data monetization is leveraging data to obtain economic benefits. In the context of Big Data Analytics (BDA), data serves as a fundamental asset, enabling the transformation into valuable insights throughout various construction phases. Unfortunately, there is lack of studies focusing on data monetization within the construction industry, given the unique supply and demand characteristics among construction stakeholders. This study aims to address the objective of identifying data monetization strategies applicable to the construction industry, particularly for data sellers and data buyers. Data was gathered through a quantitative survey among 100 construction practitioners in Malaysia, encompassing developers, contractors, consultants, government agencies, technology providers, and academia. Respondents were further categorized into data sellers and data buyers. The data were analyzed using mean analysis, t-test and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. The study identified six data monetization strategies, comprising 19 determinants. The analysis revealed high preference on all data monetization strategies and moderate differences in the preferred strategies between data sellers and buyers. Significant differences were found in 3 determinants which are (1) trading data to facilitate decision-making, (2) trading data for construction reports, benchmarks, and indices, and (3) selling visualized data on real-time platforms. The t-test indicated that data sellers are more inclined towards the three strategies for effective monetization. Furthermore, Spearman’s correlation coefficient revealed the 3 determinants also positively influence another 3 determinants of (1) data wrapping to reflect better service from data provider, (2) buying raw data with its inherit information and (3) monetizing internal data to optimize organization’s work process. The insights enable stakeholders to implement mechanisms that foster data monetization within project cultures accelerating BDA undertakings. Future recommendations include using larger sample sizes to enhance generalizability and to explore more areas such as construction contracts, cost, health, and safety.
Artificial Intelligence and Sustainability in Architecture: Scientific mapping in WoS with Biblioshiny
Authors: YILDIZ Aslı , Mutlu Avinç Güneş
Published: September 2024

This paper explores the evolution of academic debate and research in the field of architecture on AI and sustainability up to 2023. It focuses on the quantitative development of scientific publications on AI, the key countries and organizations behind these publications, key research topics and areas, and whether and how these publications address sustainability. A total of 428 international scientific publications (peer-reviewed articles, reviews and proceedings) on AI and sustainability in architecture were identified in the Web of Science database between 2020-2023. It has been noticed that the number of publications on artificial intelligence is increasing rapidly. Since 2021, a significant increase in the number of publications is observed. The countries with the highest number of publications are China (59%), USA (17%) and UK (15%), while the most frequently used keywords in publications are "performance" (13%), "design" (9%) and "model" (8%). The journals with the highest number of publications are Building and Environment (26%), Buildings (16%) and Journal of Building Engineering (14%). In the most cited papers, it was seen that AI is used to achieve goals such as implementing sustainability principles, reducing environmental impacts and increasing energy efficiency. As a result, the concept of sustainability is integrated into research on artificial intelligence as one of the most important concepts of future cities and architecture.
Categories of Tree Protection Legislative Provisions of Local Planning Authorities in Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Nik Mohamed Sukri Nik Adlin , Ismail Zulhabri , Wan Ariffin Wan Tarmeze , Mohd Nordin Rumaizah
Published: September 2024

This study was conducted to identify categories of urban tree protection legislative provisions (TPLP) implementable by the local planning authorities (LPAs) in Peninsular Malaysia through a deductive thematic analysis of Act 172, Act 267, Act 171, Act 133, Act 536 and Park By-Laws. The results show that Malaysian urban TPLP categories are mainly found only in Act 172 and Act 267, and they are: 1) Tree Felling Prohibition, 2) Tree Preservation Order (TPO), and 3) Tree Protection Planning Conditions. The first category is for the LPAs to prohibit tree felling or other tree damaging activities without their consent. The second category is about orders made by LPAs to protect specific trees or groups of trees in the interests of amenity. The third category is pertaining to conditions imposed by LPAs on a grant of planning permission (Kebenaran Merancang) that requires the applicants to retain and protect any tree in the development. The outcomes of the analysis further suggested that Malaysian protected urban trees can also be group into two: 1) Regulated Trees, and 2) Registered Trees. The former category are trees with girth exceeding 0.8 m (Act 172) and 1.0 m (Act 267) protected by Tree Felling Prohibition provisions. The latter are trees protected by TPO provisions of both Act 172 and Act 267. All protected urban trees are subjects of the Tree Protection Planning Conditions. If properly implemented, the TPLP would be a vital tool for environmental conservation efforts.
Nijenhuis operators with a unity and F$F$‐manifolds
Authors: Antonov Evgenii I. , Konyaev Andrey Yu.
Published: September 2024

The core object of this paper is a pair , where is a Nijenhuis operator and is a vector field satisfying a specific Lie derivative condition, that is, . Our research unfolds in two parts. In the first part, we establish a splitting theorem for Nijenhuis operators with a unity, offering an effective reduction of their study to cases where has either one real or two complex conjugate eigenvalues at a given point. We further provide the normal forms for ‐regular Nijenhuis operators with a unity around algebraically generic points, along with seminormal forms for dimensions 2 and 3. In the second part, we establish the relationship between Nijenhuis operators with a unity and ‐manifolds. Specifically, we prove that the class of regular ‐manifolds coincides with the class of Nijenhuis manifolds with a cyclic unity. Extending our results from dimension 3, we reveal seminormal forms for corresponding ‐manifolds around singularities.
Gaze Behaviors, Estimated Quiet Eye Characteristics, and Decision Making of Nonexpert Assistant Referees Judging Offside Events in Soccer
Authors: Albaladejo-García Carlos , Luis-del Campo Vicente , Morenas Jesús , Moreno Francisco J.
Published: September 2024

The study analyzed the gaze behavior and decision-making performance of 20 soccer assistant referees while judging offside events. Specifically, gaze behaviors, gaze entropy, and estimated quiet eye (eQE; defined as the last fixation prior to the attacker’s ball pass) characteristics (i.e., location, onset, offset, and duration) were analyzed in relation to decision-making accuracy. Although a significant number of fixations were observed on the offside line, the highest viewing time corresponded to the ball carrier. The gaze behavior indicated a high distribution of fixations, as evidenced by high stationary gaze entropy (>90%). The assistant referees also distinguished offside from onside positions above chance. However, they displayed nonprolonged eQE on the offside line. As a result, no significant relationships were found between the eQE characteristics and decision-making accuracy. The study concludes that the absence of more functional gaze behaviors, specifically with longer eQE focused on the offside line, impaired the decision-making accuracy of nonexpert assistant referees in soccer.
Moseley Law for Atomic Orbital Exponents
Authors: Tchougréeff A. L.
Published: September 2024

The piecewise linear dependence of orbital exponents $$\xi $$ characterizing either nonorthogonal Slater or orthogonal minimum atomic parameters/Moscow–Aachen–Paris (MAP) radial parts of atomic orbitals is theoretically derived from a plausible model of electronic subshell energy and compared with their values derived from a pragmatic Koga basis set covering the elements from H to Lr ($$Z = 103$$). So derived values of exponents as well follow piecewise linear laws as functions of the nuclear charge $$Z$$. The linear branches of the $$\xi $$ vs. $$Z$$ fairly follow the structure of the Periodic Table being specific for the segments of the $$Z$$ values corresponding to p-, d- and f-elements, respectively. In details, however, the parameters of the theoretical linear dependencies of orbital exponents $$\xi $$ on $$Z$$ and those derived from the pragmatic basis set (referred to as experimental) differ from each other which will be addressed elsewhere.
Highly Stable MOFs-Derived Cu–Co Composite Metal Oxides for Catalytic Oxidation of Toluene
Authors: Jinbo Wang  , Xia Bin , Qin Ruixiang , Zhao Shuai , Qiu Yifang , Li Jing , Wang Yu
Published: September 2024

CuCoOx was prepared by in situ pyrolysis of Cu2+ partially substituted MOF-74 precursor with Co-MOF as a template for catalytic oxidation of toluene. T90 (the temperature corresponding conversion of 90%) was only 212°C, at 1000 ppm toluene and weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 36 000 mL g–1 h–1. In addition, the conversion was maintained above 97% for 74 h of continuous reaction at 260°C. Even if after 2400 ppm 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCE) poisoning for 2 h, the toluene conversion was still up to 93%, demonstrating excellent stability and resistance to deactivation of catalyst. Furthermore, The high activity and stability of CuCoOx could be attributed to the large specific surface area as well as the high Co2+/Co3+, Cu2+/Cu+, and Olatt/Oads molar ratios.
The therapeutic effects of Juglans regia Linn (Walnut) extracts on oral Candida infection
Authors: Hamida Talia , Bouderba Nora Nahal , Slimani Alaa
Published: September 2024

The difficulties associated with oral Candida infection management necessitate the development of novel antifungal medicines in order to widen the spectrum of activity against Candida albicans. The aim of this work is to study the oral anticandidal activity of Juglans regia L. cultivated in Algeria. This plant was chosen due to its traditional use for the treatment of oral infections. Methanolic, ethanolic, butanolic, ethylic acetate and acetonic extracts of the bark of J. regia L. were extracted in a Soxhlet device and screened for in vitro activity against C. albicans. Plant preparations were screened for antifungal activity using a standard agar well diffusion assay. Following a study of the antimicrobial activity of plant extracts, their minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) values were determined using a broth microdilution assay. Among J. regia L. extracts, ethylic acetate extract had potent antifungal activity against Candida strain with diameters of inhibition ranging from 15.16±0.76 to 20.83±0.76 mm, followed by acetonic extract with diameters of inhibition ranging from 14.83±0.76 to 19.33±0.28 mm. The J. regia L. demonstrated MIC values ranging from 0.46875 to 3.75 mg mL-1 and the lowest MIC was recorded for ethylic acetate, acetonic extracts and AMB at 0.46875 mg mL-1. The ethylic acetate extract showed the lowest MFC value (0.9375 mg mL-1), followed by butanolic extract (3.125 mg mL-1). These results indicate that J. regia L. bark extracts can contain compounds with therapeutic potential against oral C. albicans and, hence, their possible use as therapeutic agents for oral candidiasis.
Impact of agricultural inputs on the abundance of heavy metals (Cu, Zn) in soil, water, and plants in the south of Algeria
Authors: Guesmia Hadjer , Tarai Nacer , Ouamane A. Tarek , Guimeur Kamel , Masmoudi Ali , Djellouli Amir
Published: September 2024

he aim of our study is to assess the impact of agricultural inputs on the levels of heavy metals, specifically copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), in soil, water, and plants in the oasis of El Ghrous, Branis, and Sidi Okba in Algeria. The existence of perilous substances in the surroundings is a significant ecological issue, endangering both human well-being and agricultural output. The overuse of fertilizers and pesticides may be causing heavy metals build-up. The aim will be to highlight a better understanding of the concentrations of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), considering as detrimental contaminants, after extensive utilization of agricultural inputs. In order to examine the levels of trace metals (TMs), we performed additional tests by comparing field samples using metal analysis techniques that involved ammonium acetate and EDTA, and detection by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Our findings suggest that in soils affected by fertilizers and phytosanitary agents, the concentrations of Cu++ and Zn++ are below levels that would cause toxicity. Indeed, the levels of Cu++ are measured at 6.14 µg/g and the levels of Zn++ are measured at 4.97 µg/g. Nevertheless, the copper contents in irrigation waters from sites 01 and 02 beyond the levels that are considered dangerous. Similarly, copper levels in plants are categorized as hazardous. The findings emphasize the significance of implementing integrated pest management strategies in order to reduce the negative consequences of excessive use of agricultural inputs. Additionally, our study imposes the need to closely monitoring agricultural practices in order to mitigate environmental and public health hazards. Implementing sustainable farming practices and employing effective resource management strategies is crucial for safeguarding agricultural ecosystems and guaranteeing sustainable food production in the long run. Adopting an all-encompassing strategy is crucial for preserving the well-being of both the ecosystem and the populace.
Using USLE, GIS and remote sensing for the soil loss assessment in the National Park of Theniet El Had, Algeria
Authors: Fellah Sahnoun , Benzater Benali , Guemou Laïd , Hachemaoui Anouar , Benzohra Mohamed Nadjib , Elouissi Abdelkader , Hamimed Abderrahmane
Published: September 2024

Soil water erosion is one of the problems that affect the environment, agriculture and social life by threatening several land surfaces. The objective of this study is to use the USLE model, GIS and remote sensing (RS) to estimate the annual rate of soil loss by water erosion in the Theniet El Had National Park (THNP) which belongs to the mountainous ecosystem of Djebel El Meddad, located in the northwest of Algeria. The use of the USLE model takes into account the five factors controlling water erosion, namely: the rain erosivity (R) determined from the annual rainfall data, the soil erodibility (K) developed from soil survey data, the slope lengths (LS) generated by using DEM, the vegetation cover (C) by the use of RS data and erosion control management practices (P) by field trips. The integration of these factors made it possible to establish the quantitative map of the annual rate of soil loss varying between 0.02 and 55.10 (t/ha.year), with an average of around 6.64 (t/ha.year). Five erosion aggressiveness classes are used; very weak, weak, moderate, strong and very strong which represent a rate respectively of 23.70, 44.65, 22.72, 4.41 and 4.52 % of the study area surface. The areas with high and very high erosion rates are located in the north having a very rugged relief and low vegetation cover. This study can be used in the mountainous ecosystems and it will make it possible to set up priority intervention zones to combat the risk of water erosion.
Dynamic interplay of soil parameters and CO2 sequestration in Solanku-runi Freshwater Pond Wetland, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Palsamy Packiaraj , Gayathrippriya S. , Chinnakaruppan M. , Premkumar M. , Krishnan S. Gopala , Muthuvel U , Suresh K.
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the dynamic interplay between soil temperature, pH levels, and CO2 sequestration across ten sample sites over a four-month periods from January to April 2018 in Solankuruni freshwater pond wetland in Madurai District, Tamil Nadu, India. The soil temperature fluctuations, ranging from 31°C to 44°C, reveal distinct site-specific patterns, with sample site six consistently exhibiting the highest temperatures. Soil temperature exhibited notable variations, influenced by factors such as soil composition, and microclimate variations. Regarding pH level, the range between 6.23 to 8.1 display variability influenced by factors like soil composition and anthropogenic influences, study site five consistently leading in pH levels. Soil CO2 sequestration varying from 1517.857 g/m² to 3357.143 g/m², highlight the influence of soil microbial activity, vegetation cover, and soil moisture content, ninth site consistently showing the highest sequestration rates. The findings reveal substantial variations in factors such as soil composition, vegetation type, microclimate, and anthropogenic activities, prominence the intricate nature of soil dynamics. These results stress the importance of understanding the interconnections among soil properties to create effective climate change mitigation strategies. Moreover, the research provides valuable understanding of the intricate connections between soil properties, emphasizing the necessity for region-specific studies to inform comprehensive environmental policies. Understanding these dynamic soil processes is crucial for advancing sustainable land management practices and boosting soil carbon sequestration in wetland ecosystems.
Effect of stationary factors on the yield and chemical composition of essential oils of Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Masters from Sdama Chergui massif’s (Tiaret, North-West Algeria)
Authors: Bensaadi Nawel , Mhamed Maatoug , Maatoug Zakaria Zineddine , Kamel Kamel
Published: September 2024

This paper aims to study the influence of exposure, altitude, and soil pH on the yield and chemical composition of essential oils (EOs) from the leaves of Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Masters, developed in the Sdama Chergui massif in northwestern Algeria. These EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation, resulting in average yields of 0.33±0.13 %, 0.29±0.07 %, 0.24±0.07 %, and 0.2±0.03 %, recorded at the south, west, north, and east exposures, respectively. Upon analyzing the obtained EOs by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS), a total of chemical molecules grouped into 22 families were identified. The predominant compounds were Bornyl acetate (9.14 %, 7.95 %, 11.20 %, and 9.78 %), Limonene (5.03 %, 7.18 %, 5.76 %, and 5.41 %), α-Pinene (4.97 %, 5.26 %, 5.09 %, and 4.79 %), Camphor (7.53 %, 3.69 %, 3.01 %, and 5.91 %), and Borneol (5.20 %, 6.26 %, 4.93 %, and 5.11 %). Additionally, the analysis of these molecules by Factorial Analysis of Mixed Data (PCAmix) revealed that exposure, altitude, and soil pH have little effect on the yield and chemical composition of the essential oils of Tetraclinis articulata. Finally, careful attention to stationary parameters is crucial for obtaining essential oils of high quality and optimal quantity.
New species and new records of fruit flies of tribe Acanthonevrini (Diptera: Tephritidae: Phytalmiinae) from India
Authors: DAVID K. J. , HANCOCK D. L. , SALINI S. , NINGTHOUJAM KENNEDY , KHEMRAJJI HATWAR NIKHIL , ABHISHEK V. , GRACY R. G. , SUSHIL S. N.
Published: September 2024

Two new species of Phytalmiinae belonging to the tribe Acanthonevrini are described from India, namely Ptilona confracta David & Hancock, sp. nov. from Arunachal Pradesh and Tritaeniopteron obscurum David, Salini & Nikhil, sp. nov. from Karnataka. Tritaeniopteron de Meijere is recorded for the first time from India based on the new species T. obscurum; male and female syntypes of T. punctatipleurum (Senior-White) are dissected and illustrated. A female of Erectovena desperata (Hering), both sexes of Felderimyia gombakensis Hancock & Drew and Phorelliosoma hilaratum Hering, recorded for the first time from India are dissected and illustrated. An illustrated key to 23 species of Acanthonevrini belonging to 12 genera from India is included. DNA barcode sequences of Felderimyia fuscipennis Hendel, Ptilona confracta, P. confinis (Walker), Rioxoptilona dunlopi (van der Wulp) and Themara yunnana Zia were obtained and reported.
Catalog of the Ulidiidae (Diptera: Tephritoidea) of Chile
Authors: MELLO RAMON LUCIANO , GONZÁLEZ CHRISTIAN R. , ELGUETA MARIO , CAMARGO ALEXSSANDRO , BARAHONA-SEGOVIA RODRIGO M.
Published: September 2024

A catalog of Ulidiidae, picture-winged flies, from Chile is provided. Included are all valid names and synonyms for the 16 species and nine genera known from Chile, including information about name, author, year of publication, page number, type species, type locality, and references. Euxesta Loew is the more species richness genus in Chile, with five species, followed by Ceroxys Macquart, with two species. Besides, the lectotype and three paralectotypes of Ortalis fasciata Wiedemann, 1830, now in Pterotaenia, are here designated. A discussion about the distribution and biology of the picture-winged flies’ species in Chile is presented.
A new species of Alipumilio Shannon, 1927 (Diptera: Syrphidae), with the description of the male of A. avispas Vockeroth, 1964 and A. femoratus Shannon, 1927
Authors: PARADA-MARIN HENRY MAURICIO , MENGUAL XIMO , RAMOS-PASTRANA YARDANY
Published: September 2024

Alipumilio Shannon, 1927 is a flower fly genus endemic to the New World, comprising five described species. In the present study we describe Alipumulio aureus sp. nov. from the Colombian Amazon region. This is the first record of this genus from Colombia. Additionally, the male of A. avispas Vockeroth, 1964 is described from Peru and the male of A. femoratus Shannon, 1927 is described from new material collected in Ecuador. Moreover, we provide an identification key to all the Alipumilio species and a species distribution map.
Contribution to the taxonomy of Oxytrigona Cockerell, 1917 (Apidae, Meliponini)
Authors: LEPECO ANDERSON
Published: September 2024

The stingless bees of the genus Oxytrigona Cockerell are popularly known as “fire bees”, due to their unique habit of spitting a caustic secretion when disturbed. Currently, this neotropical genus includes 11 valid species distributed from southern Brazil, throughout most of South and Central America, reaching southern Mexico. They are especially diverse in the Amazon, where five species are recorded. Although Oxytrigona exhibits a very distinctive morphology in relation to other stingless bees, species are often difficult to identify, having blurred limits due to intraspecific variation. In the present contribution the taxonomy of Oxytrigona is revisited, based on novel findings since the last taxonomic accounts were made. Oxytrigona tataira (Smith, 1863) is reinterpreted on the basis of new evidence regarding the provenance of its type material. The whereabouts of the type material of Oxytrigona cagafogo (Müller, 1874) sp. ressur. are discussed, and the species is resurrected from synonymy, representing a common bee occurring in the Atlantic rainforest of Brazil. Oxytrigona huaoranii Gonzalez & Roubik, 2008 is considered a junior synonym of Oxytrigona mellicolor (Packard, 1869) syn. nov., and the identity of the species is clarified. The whereabouts of the type material of Oxytrigona flaveola (Friese, 1900) are discussed. Three new species are described: Oxytrigona banana sp. nov. from Brazil and Paraguay; Oxytrigona pallida sp. nov. from northern South America and Central America; and Oxytrigona sauronica sp. nov. from Colombia. Distribution maps and a revised key are provided. Although the taxonomy of Oxytrigona species has been improved, questions remain about some species complexes. Implementation of tools from phylogeography is encouraged in order to improve our understanding of the species boundaries.
Cryptoxyleborus brevicauda, a new species of xyleborine ambrosia beetle from Thailand (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborini)
Authors: SITTICHAYA WISUT , BEAVER ROGER A.
Published: September 2024

A new species, Cryptoxyleborus brevicauda Sittichaya & Beaver sp. nov., is described from the South of Thailand. A list of Cryptoxyleborus species found in Thailand with their provincial distributions and habitat types, and a key to Thai species are provided.
Parasitoid complex of doryctine wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) reared from Pongamia pinnata (L.) (Fabaciae) coleopteran complex (Coleoptera) with description of two new species from India
Authors: GUPTA ANKITA , BELOKOBYLSKIJ SERGEY A. , ACHTERBERG CORNELIS VAN , PATTAR ROHIT , BROAD GAVIN R. , GRACY R. G. , SUSHIL S. N.
Published: September 2024

Two doryctine species, viz., Leluthia pongamiacola Gupta & Belokobylskij, sp. nov. and Sycosoter ordinarius Gupta & Belokobylskij, sp. nov., are described from southern India, reared from coleopteran-infested logs of Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre (Fabaceae). Additionally, Ipodoryctes signipennis (Walker, 1860), reared from the same infested logs, is redescribed. A key to the Indian species of the genus Leluthia is suggested. Biological notes of the coleopteran complex are provided.
Taxonomic review of the Thysanoptyx Hampson generic complex (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). II. The genus Thysanoplisna Volynkin with descriptions of seven new species from Vietnam and mainland China
Authors: VOLYNKIN ANTON V.
Published: September 2024

The Asiatic footman moth genus Thysanoplisna Volynkin, 2023 is reviewed with seven species described as new to science: Th. grandimacula sp. nov., Th. minuta sp. nov., Th. monotona sp. nov., and Th. suffusa sp. nov. from Northern Vietnam, Th. bachma sp. nov. from Central Vietnam, Th. tenebrosa sp. nov. from Southwestern China (Sichuan Province), and Th. hoenei sp. nov. from East China (Zhejiang Province). One taxon is restored to species level from synonymy with Th. signata (Walker, 1854): Th. directa (Leech, 1899), stat. rev. Lectotype is designated for Thysanoptyx directa Leech, 1899. Adults and genitalia of both sexes of all species as well as the type species of the similar genera Caliginoptyx Volynkin & Černý, 2024 and Medioptyx Volynkin & Černý, 2024 are illustrated.
Remembering Australian Constitutional Democracy
Authors: Partlett William
Published: September 2024

For many years, historical accounts of Australian Federation ignored the distinctive ideological origins of the Australian Constitution. From the mid 1980s until the 2000s, however, a generation of historians remembered how the Australian drafters built a distinctive constitutional democracy that combined trust in parliament with a direct constitutional role for a plural ‘people’: the people of Australia and the people of the states. Drawing on Chartist and American ideas of popular sovereignty, this system of popular political constitutionalism textually guarantees that ‘the people’ can ‘directly’ choose both houses of parliament, break deadlocks between these houses and make constitutional law. The definition of ‘the people’ in this distinctive form of constitutional democracy was, however, racially exclusive. In particular, First Australians were excluded from the plural people of Australia.

This intellectual history of the Australian Constitution, however, has had remarkably little impact on constitutional interpretation and discourse. This paper will begin the process of examining those implications. First, it will show how this history provides important contextual support and direction to the implied limitations on parliamentary power that stem from the constitution’s guarantee of representative democracy in sections 7 and 24 of the Constitution. Second, it will demonstrate how it aids in better understanding Australia’s unique constitutional system. To date, this system has remedied the racist roots of the original constitutional definition of the people largely through legislative reform. The constitutional recognition of First Australians is a critical step in acknowledging that First Australians are a distinct part of the plural Australian people. In the aftermath of the failure of the First Nations Voice to Parliament proposal, meaningful constitutional recognition for First Australians must address their structural exclusion from the plural Australian people.
A Survey Among Psychiatrists to Assess the Need for Psychiatry Sub/Super-specialization Courses in India
Authors: Singh Amit , M Kishor  , Kar Sujita Kumar
Published: September 2024

Background:

India’s landscape of sub/super-specialization courses is expanding rapidly. Numerous courses spanning various domains of psychiatry exist, and this trend is poised to continue its upward trajectory. We aimed to assess the need for sub/super-specialization courses in psychiatry in India and explore the structural components of the courses.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 142 psychiatrists/psychiatry residents from India were surveyed using an online questionnaire after approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee.

Results:

“Good” and “intense” need for specialization courses was reported to be highest for child and adolescent psychiatry (68.3%), followed by addiction psychiatry (56.4%) and psychotherapy (55.6%). A 1-year post-doctoral fellowship was reported to be the most preferred course format. Practical examination was suggested to be the preferred summative assessment method for different course formats.

Conclusion:

The availability of sub/super-specialization courses presents an opportunity to enhance psychiatrists’ training in specific areas of interest. Offering a variety of course options enables psychiatrists to select the most suitable program based on their individual requirements and career goals.
Mothers’ Psychological Trauma Experiences Associated With Preterm Pregnancy, Birth, and Care: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Sarfo Jacob Owusu , Segalo Puleng
Published: September 2024

Background:

Preterm birth trauma has become a growing concern in achieving the sustainable development goal targets for mental, maternal, and child health. Although obstetric and developmental complications associated with preterm birth have received a great deal of research attention over the years, subjective trauma experiences of mothers are often understudied. This qualitative study aims to fill this gap by adopting a phenomenological design to explore the traumatic experiences of mothers from pregnancy to care after childbirth of preterm babies in a low-resource economy.

Results:

The results of our Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) revealed three superordinate and six subordinate themes: pregnancy-related (Primary pregnancy-related complications and secondary pregnancy-related factors), healthcare-related (Trauma from invasive procedures performed on babies and trauma from the poor physical health status of the babies at NICU), and parenting-related trauma (Initial shock and denial and feelings of inadequateness and helplessness in caring for their babies).

Conclusions:

The study shows the complex nature of the birth trauma experienced by mothers of preterm babies. The study recommends client-centered, culturally sensitive, and trauma-focused mental health support within the maternal health system.
The emerging role of minimally invasive extracorporeal circulation in totally endoscopic and robotic-assisted cardiac surgery procedures
Authors: Condello Ignazio , Amabile Andrea , Baudo Massimo , Torregrossa Gianluca , Danesi Tommaso Hinna
Published: September 2024

Background: This review explores the potential benefits of combining totally endoscopic and robotic-assisted cardiac surgery with minimally invasive extracorporeal circulation (MiECC). Robotic techniques herald a new era of surgical precision, leveraging advanced instrumentation and enhanced visualization to navigate cardiac anatomy with unprecedented accuracy. Purpose: Concurrently, MiECC systems provide tailored physiological support during cardiopulmonary bypass, meticulously managing perfusion parameters to safeguard vital organs’ function. Results: The convergence of these cutting-edge technologies marks a paradigmatic shift in cardiac surgical practice, with potential mitigation of invasiveness, attenuation of perioperative complications, and expedite postoperative recovery. Conclusions: This review also addresses prevailing challenges and limitations, including technological complexities and procedural intricacies, while elucidating the strategic imperatives for optimizing their collaborative utilization.
Experimental and numerical analysis of new thermoplastic composite mandrels
Authors: Chen Siyu , Cai Longfei , Zhang Xin , Jing Xishuang , Zhang Chengyang
Published: September 2024

In the field of aerospace, the application of carbon fiber composite parts is increasing year by year. As an important factor in the manufacturing of composite parts, tools play a crucial role in the manufacturing accuracy of composite parts, and composite tools have higher accuracy to better meet the manufacturing requirements. In this study, the properties of the novel thermoplastic composite mandrel of the new polymethyl methacrylate matrix are further investigated and a model is proposed to simulate the curing and spring back process of the composite part with the proposed composite mandrel. In detail, the glass transition temperature test and dynamic frequency test were carried out for the thermoplastic composite mandrel. The material constitutive equation of the thermoplastic composite mandrel was constructed based on the experimental data, and the accuracy of the constitutive equation of thermoplastic matrix material was verified by tensile experiments of matrix materials under constant strain conditions. Finally, the simulation result is compared with the fabricated part, and the effectiveness of the proposed method has been verified. This proved that the developed constitutive model of thermoplastic composite mandrel can effectively predict the curing deformation of composite parts with complex structures.