bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What are patients’ first-time experiences with video consulting? A qualitative interview study in Danish general practice in times of COVID-19
Authors: Assing Hvidt Elisabeth , Christensen Nina Primholdt , Grønning Anette , Jepsen Carole , Lüchau Elle Christine
Published: April 2022

Objective

To explore the experiences of Danish patients using video consultation (VC) to consult their general practitioner (GP) during COVID-19 lockdown and their attitudes towards continued use beyond COVID-19.

Design

A qualitative design was employed, consisting of individual semi-structured interviews where participants were asked to retrospectively describe their experiences and reflections. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.

Setting

Capital and Southern Regions of Denmark.

Participants

27 patients (17 women and 10 men) aged between 23 and 76 years who had used VC once or more during the COVID-19 pandemic participated. The data were collected from February to October 2020. We used a convenience sampling technique and sample size was based on the principle of information power.

Results

Three overarching themes, each containing subthemes, were developed. Participants described pre-use reactions and concerns relating to VC as being ‘better than nothing’ given the COVID-19 circumstances, and preferred VC over a telephone consultation. Salient pre-use concerns related to whether the technology ‘would work’ and whether VC would influence consultation length and GP behaviour. Overall, participants reported positive experiences of VC use and communication attributing these mainly to ‘knowing the GP’ and ‘feeling seen and heard’. Participants were interested in future VC use for many needs as a natural consequence of an increasingly digitalised society, not least due to COVID-19.

Conclusions

Our findings contribute with knowledge about first-user experiences of VC against the background of COVID-19. Participants showed positive attitudes towards future use of VC as either a supplementary or alternative consultation form in general practice.
Improving physical function of patients following intensive care unit admission (EMPRESS): protocol of a randomised controlled feasibility trial
Authors: Cusack Rebecca , Bates Andrew , Mitchell Kay , van Willigen Zoe , Denehy Linda , Hart Nicholas , Dushianthan Ahilanandan , Reading Isabel , Chorozoglou Maria , Sturmey Gordon , Davey Iain , Grocott Michael
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Physical rehabilitation delivered early following admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) has the potential to improve short-term and long-term outcomes. The use of supine cycling together with other rehabilitation techniques has potential as a method of introducing rehabilitation earlier in the patient journey. The aim of the study is to determine the feasibility of delivering the designed protocol of a randomised clinical trial comparing a protocolised early rehabilitation programme including cycling with usual care. This feasibility study will inform a larger multicentre study.

Methods and analysis

90 acute care medical patients from two mixed medical–surgical ICUs will be recruited. We will include ventilated patients within 72 hours of initiation of mechanical ventilation and expected to be ventilated a further 48 hours or more. Patients will receive usual care or usual care plus two 30 min rehabilitation sessions 5 days/week.

Feasibility outcomes are (1) recruitment of one to two patients per month per site; (2) protocol fidelity with >75% of patients commencing interventions within 72 hours of mechanical ventilation, with >70% interventions delivered; and (3) blinded outcome measures recorded at three time points in >80% of patients. Secondary outcomes are (1) strength and function, the Physical Function ICU Test–scored measured on ICU discharge; (2) hospital length of stay; and (3) mental health and physical ability at 3 months using the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2. An economic analysis using hospital health services data reported with an embedded health economic study will collect and assess economic and quality of life data including the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales core, the Euroqol-5 Dimension-5 Level and the Impact of Event Score.

Ethics and dissemination

The study has ethical approval from the South Central Hampshire A Research Ethics Committee (19/SC/0016). All amendments will be approved by this committee. An independent trial monitoring committee is overseeing the study. Results will be made available to critical care survivors, their caregivers, the critical care societies and other researchers.

Trial registration number

NCT03771014.
Factors associated with intimacy in female Taiwanese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Hsu Chia-Wen , Hsu Bao-Bao , Koo Malcolm , Lu Ming-Chi
Published: April 2022

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the association of demographic factors, clinical manifestations and disease activity of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with intimate relationships in female patients with SLE.

Design

This was a cross-sectional study based on questionnaires.

Setting

This study was conducted at a regional teaching hospital in southern Taiwan from April to September 2019.

Participants

Adult patients with SLE recruited from the outpatient rheumatology clinics of the study hospital.

Primary outcome measure

Disease-specific quality of life assessed using the Lupus Quality of Life questionnaire (LupusQoL).

Results

A total of 243 female patients with SLE were enrolled. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the independent factors associated with a higher score in the intimate relationships domain of the LupusQoL included the age group under 40 years (p=0.001), education level of college or above (p=0.005), being employed (p<0.001), a better self-reported health status (p=0.012) and a lower SLE-Disease Activity Score (SLE-DAS) score (p=0.010). In addition, the intimate relationships domain was significantly and independently associated physical health (p=0.001), fatigue (p=0.006) and burden to others (p=0.002) domains of the LupusQoL.

Conclusions

Physicians should be vigilant regarding the intimate relationships aspect of the health-related quality of life in female patients with SLE, especially in those who are older, unemployed, have a low educational level, poor self-reported health status, higher SLE-DAS, fatigue, and feeling of burden to others.
Patients’ experiences of cognitive impairment following critical illness: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Alrø Anette Bjerregaard , Nedergaard Helene Korvenius , Svenningsen Helle , Jensen Hanne Irene , Dreyer Pia
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Critical illness and admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) can affect patients for months or years following discharge as many suffer from cognitive impairment. Long-term cognitive impairment affects patients’ quality of life and ability to adapt to everyday life. Exploring their experiences on how and which cognitive impairments are affecting their everyday lives facilitates planning of relevant research on interventions that may serve to alleviate the burden of post-ICU cognitive impairment. The objective of this scoping review is to map the existing research on patients’ experiences of cognitive impairment following critical illness.

Methods and analysis

The methodology will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines for scoping reviews. The databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Embase will be searched to identify studies appropriate for inclusion. Any peer-reviewed original studies meeting the inclusion criteria and include statements from adult patients about how they experience cognitive impairment following critical illness and ICU admission will be considered. Studies published in English and Scandinavian languages will be included, with no further geographical or cultural limitations. The included studies will be screened by two independent researchers using a standardised data extraction tool and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool will be used for critical appraisal. The results will be presented in a tabular form, and data will be supported by narrative descriptions or a narrative summary.

Ethics and dissemination

Since the scoping review methodology aims at synthetising existing research on patients’ experiences of cognitive impairment following critical illness, the scoping review does not require ethical approval. The results will be disseminated though a peer-reviewed publication in a scientific journal.
Health-promoting work schedules: protocol for a large-scale cluster randomised controlled trial on the effects of a work schedule without quick returns on sickness absence among healthcare workers
Authors: Vedaa Øystein , Djupedal Ingebjørg Louise Rockwell , Svensen Erling , Waage Siri , Bjorvatn Bjørn , Pallesen Ståle , Lie Stein Atle , Nielsen Morten , Harris Anette
Published: April 2022

Introduction

In shift work, quick returns refer to transitions between two shifts with less than 11 hours available rest time. Twenty-three per cent of employees in European countries reported having quick returns. Quick returns are related to short sleep duration, fatigue, sleepiness, work-related accidents and sickness absence. The present study is the first randomised controlled trial (RCT) to investigate the effect of a work schedule without quick returns for 6 months, compared with a work schedule that maintains quick returns during the same time frame.

Methods and analysis

A parallel-group cluster RCT in a target sample of more than 4000 healthcare workers at Haukeland University Hospital in Norway will be conducted. More than 70 hospital units will be assessed for eligibility and randomised to a work schedule without quick returns for 6 months or continue with a schedule that maintains quick returns. The primary outcome is objective records of sickness absence; secondary outcomes are questionnaire data (n≈4000 invited) on sleep and functioning, physical and psychological health, work-related accidents and turnover intention. For a subsample, sleep diaries and objective sleep registrations with radar technology (n≈ 50) will be collected.

Ethics and dissemination

The study protocol was approved by the Regional Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics in Western Norway (2020/200386). Findings from the trial will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and presented at national and international conferences. Exploratory analyses of potential mediators and moderators will be reported. User-friendly outputs will be disseminated to relevant stakeholders, unions and other relevant societal groups.

Trial registration number

NCT04693182.
Development, evaluation and implementation of a digital behavioural health treatment for chronic pain: study protocol of the multiphase DAHLIA project
Authors: Bartels Sara Laureen , Johnsson Sophie I , Boersma Katja , Flink Ida , McCracken Lance M , Petersson Suzanne , Christie Hannah L , Feldman Inna , Simons Laura E , Onghena Patrick , Vlaeyen Johan W S , Wicksell Rikard K
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Chronic pain affects about 20%–40% of the population and is linked to mental health outcomes and impaired daily functioning. Pharmacological interventions are commonly insufficient for producing relief and recovery of functioning. Behavioural health treatment is key to generate lasting benefits across outcome domains. However, most people with chronic pain cannot easily access evidence-based behavioural interventions. The overall aim of the DAHLIA project is to develop, evaluate and implement a widely accessible digital behavioural health treatment to improve well-being in individuals with chronic pain.

Methods and analysis

The project follows the four phases of the mHealth Agile Development and Evaluation Lifecycle: (1) development and pre-implementation surveillance using focus groups, stakeholder interviews and a business model; (2) iterative optimisation studies applying single case experimental design (SCED) method in 4–6 iterations with n=10 patients and their healthcare professionals per iteration; (3) a two-armed clinical randomised controlled trial enhanced with SCED (n=180 patients per arm) and (4) interview-based post-market surveillance. Data analyses include multilevel modelling, cost-utility and indicative analyses.

In October 2021, inter-sectorial partners are engaged and funding is secured for four years. The treatment content is compiled and the first treatment prototype is in preparation. Clinical sites in three Swedish regions are informed and recruitment for phase 1 will start in autumn 2021. To facilitate long-term impact and accessibility, the treatment will be integrated into a Swedish health platform (www.1177.se), which is used on a national level as a hub for advice, information, guidance and e-services for health and healthcare.

Ethics and dissemination

The study plan has been reviewed and approved by Swedish ethical review authorities. Findings will be actively disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conference presentations, social media and outreach activities for the wider public.

Trial registration number

NCT05066087.
89Zirconium-labelled girentuximab (89Zr-TLX250) PET in Urothelial Cancer Patients (ZiPUP): protocol for a phase I trial of a novel staging modality for urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Al-Zubaidi Mohammed , Viswambaram Pravin , McCombie Steve , Liow Elizabeth , Lenzo Nat , Ferguson Tom , Redfern Andrew D , Gauci Richard , Hayne Dickon
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Bladder cancer is a lethal disease with a rising incidence on a background of limited conventional imaging modalities for staging (either CT of the chest-abdomen-pelvis or 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emitting tomography (FDG-PET/CT)). CT is known to have relatively low sensitivity for detecting low volume metastatic disease, an important goal when considering surgical interventions entailing significant potential morbidity. FDG is also limited, being predominantly renally excreted and, therefore, producing intense non-specific activity in the urinary tract, which limits its utility to detect bladder and upper tract lesions, or nodal metastases in close proximity to the urinary tract. 89Zirconium-labelled girentuximab (89Zr-TLX250) may have utility in the accurate staging of bladder and urothelial carcinomas, with less renal excretion as compared with FDG; however, this has not previously been investigated.

Methods and analysis

89Zirconium-labelled girentuximab PET in Urothelial Cancer Patients is a single-arm phase I trial examining the feasibility of using 89Zr-TLX250-PET/CT as a staging modality for urothelial and bladder carcinomas by examining isotope uptake by the cancer. This trial will also examine the safety and utility of 89Zr-TLX250-PET/CT in patients either undergoing preoperative staging of bladder or other urothelial carcinomas for curative intent, or with known metastatic urothelial carcinomas. All participants will undergo 89Zr-TLX250-PET/CT and will need to have undergone recent FDG-PET/CT for comparison. This trial aims to recruit 10 participants undergoing preoperative staging and 10 participants with known metastatic disease. The primary endpoint is feasibility defined by the ability to recruit to the target sample size within the study duration; secondary endpoints are safety, tolerability, sensitivity and specificity in detecting lymph node metastases compared with FDG-PET/CT.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethics approval has been obtained from the South Metropolitan Health Service Human Research Ethics Committee (RGS0000003940). Eligible patients will only be enrolled after providing written informed consent. Patients will be given a full explanation, in lay terms, of the aims of the study and potential risks including as a written patient information sheet.

Trial registration numbers

ACTRN12621000411842, NCT05046665.
Autologous regulatory T-cell transfer in refractory ulcerative colitis with concomitant primary sclerosing cholangitis
Authors: Voskens Caroline , Stoica Diane , Rosenberg Marita , Vitali Francesco , Zundler Sebastian , Ganslmayer Marion , Knott Heike , Wiesinger Manuel , Wunder Jutta , Kummer Mirko , Siegmund Britta , Schnoy Elisabeth , Rath Timo , Hartmann Arndt , Hackstein Holger , Schuler-Thurner Beatrice , Berking Carola , Schuler Gerold , Atreya Raja , Neurath Markus F
Published: April 2022

Objective

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, debilitating immune-mediated disease driven by disturbed mucosal homeostasis, with an excess of intestinal effector T cells and an insufficient expansion of mucosal regulatory T cells (Tregs). We here report on the successful adoptive transfer of autologous, ex vivo expanded Tregs in a patient with refractory UC and associated primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), for which effective therapy is currently not available.

Design

The patient received a single infusion of 1×106autologous, ex vivo expanded, polyclonal Tregs per kilogram of body weight, and the clinical, biochemical, endoscopic and histological responses were assessed 4 and 12 weeks after adoptive Treg transfer.

Results

The patient showed clinical, biochemical, endoscopic and histological signs of response until week 12 after adoptive Treg transfer, which was associated with an enrichment of intestinal CD3+/FoxP3+and CD3+/IL-10+T cells and increased mucosal transforming growth factor beta and amphiregulin levels. Moreover, there was marked improvement of PSC with reduction of liver enzymes. This pronounced effect lasted for 4 weeks before values started to increase again.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that adoptive Treg therapy might be effective in refractory UC and might open new avenues for clinical trials in PSC.

Trial registration number

NCT04691232.
Improving care of melanoma patients through efficient, integrated cellular-molecular pathology workflows using tissue samples with low tumour nuclear content
Authors: Finall Alison , Murphy Kate , Frazer Ricky Dylan
Published: April 2022

Aims

The aim of this quality improvement project was to improve the turnaround time of B-raf proto-oncogene (BRAF) mutation testing in patients with malignant melanoma to support oncologists in making timely treatment decisions.

Methods

This is a prospective in-house verification of the Idylla BRAF test as compared with DNA panel next-generation sequencing (NGS) performed at an external laboratory.

Results

The Idylla BRAF test had an overall concordance of 95% compared with NGS. This was considered sufficiently good for use in patients with a poor performance status who were at risk of rapid clinical deterioration. Reliable results can be generated using the Idylla BRAF test in tissue sections with tumour neoplastic cell content below 50%. We present a multidisciplinary clinical care algorithm to support dual testing.

Conclusions

The Idylla BRAF test has the potential to make a significant positive impact on progression-free survival of malignant melanoma patients due to its rapid turnaround time. The Idylla BRAF test can be used as an adjunct to NGS for timely management of patients, particularly those with a poor performance status at presentation.
Efficient targeting of NY-ESO-1 tumor antigen to human cDC1s by lymphotactin results in cross-presentation and antigen-specific T cell expansion
Authors: Le Gall Camille , Cammarata Anna , de Haas Lukas , Ramos-Tomillero Iván , Cuenca-Escalona Jorge , Schouren Kayleigh , Wijfjes Zacharias , Becker Anouk M D , Bödder Johanna , Dölen Yusuf , de Vries I Jolanda M , Figdor Carl G , Flórez-Grau Georgina , Verdoes Martijn
Published: April 2022

Background

Type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s) are characterized by their ability to induce potent CD8+T cell responses. In efforts to generate novel vaccination strategies, notably against cancer, human cDC1s emerge as an ideal target to deliver antigens. cDC1s uniquely express XCR1, a seven transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor. Due to its restricted expression and endocytic nature, XCR1 represents an attractive receptor to mediate antigen-delivery to human cDC1s.

Methods

To explore tumor antigen delivery to human cDC1s, we used an engineered version of XCR1-binding lymphotactin (XCL1), XCL1(CC3). Site-specific sortase-mediated transpeptidation was performed to conjugate XCL1(CC3) to an analog of the HLA-A*02:01 epitope of the cancer testis antigen New York Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma-1 (NY-ESO-1). While poor epitope solubility prevented isolation of stable XCL1-antigen conjugates, incorporation of a single polyethylene glycol (PEG) chain upstream of the epitope-containing peptide enabled generation of soluble XCL1(CC3)-antigen fusion constructs. Binding and chemotactic characteristics of the XCL1-antigen conjugate, as well as its ability to induce antigen-specific CD8+T cell activation by cDC1s, was assessed.

Results

PEGylated XCL1(CC3)-antigen conjugates retained binding to XCR1, and induced cDC1 chemoattraction in vitro. The model epitope was efficiently cross-presented by human cDC1s to activate NY-ESO-1-specific CD8+T cells. Importantly, vaccine activity was increased by targeting XCR1 at the surface of cDC1s.

Conclusion

Our results present a novel strategy for the generation of targeted vaccines fused to insoluble antigens. Moreover, our data emphasize the potential of targeting XCR1 at the surface of primary human cDC1s to induce potent CD8+T cell responses.
Evaluation of clinically relevant changes in the lung clearance index in children with cystic fibrosis and healthy controls
Authors: Perrem Lucy , Stanojevic Sanja , Solomon Melinda , Grasemann Hartmut , Sweezey Neil , Waters Valerie , Sanders Don B , Davis Stephanie D , Ratjen Felix
Published: April 2022

Background

The limits of reproducibility of the lung clearance index (LCI) are higher in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) compared with healthy children, and it is currently unclear what defines a clinically meaningful change.

Methods

In a prospective multisite observational study of children with CF and healthy controls (HCs), we measured LCI, FEV1% predicted and symptom scores at quarterly visits over 2 years. Two reviewers performed a detailed review of visits to evaluate the frequency that between visit LCI changes outside ±10%, ±15%, ±20% represented a clinically relevant signal. In the setting of acute respiratory symptoms, we used a generalised estimating equation model, with a logit link function to determine the ability of LCI worsening at different thresholds to predict failure of lung function recovery at follow-up.

Results

Clinically relevant LCI changes outside ±10%, ±15% and ±20% were observed at 25.7%, 15.0% and 8.3% of CF visits (n=744), respectively. The proportions of LCI changes categorised as noise, reflecting biological variability, were comparable between CF and HC at the 10% (CF 9.9% vs HC 13.0%), 15% (CF 4.3% vs HC 3.1%) and 20% (CF 2.4% vs HC 1.0%) thresholds. Compared with symptomatic CF visits without a worsening in LCI, events with ≥10% LCI increase were more likely to fail to recover baseline LCI at follow-up.

Conclusion

The limits of reproducibility of the LCI in healthy children can be used to detect clinically relevant changes and thus inform clinical care in children with CF.
Constraints on running vacuum models with the baryon-to-photon ratio
Authors: Yu Hao , Yang Ke , Li Jin
Published: April 2022

We study the influence of running vacuum on the baryon-to-photon ratio in running vacuum models (RVMs). The photon and baryon number densities, from photon decoupling to the present day, are obtained in the context of RVMs by assuming that photons and baryons can be coupled to running vacuum, respectively. Both cases lead to a time-evolving baryon-to-photon ratio, whose values at different epochs of the universe are strictly constrained by observations. It is found that if the dominant dynamical term of running vacuum is indeed coupled to photons or baryons, the corresponding coefficient must be far less than the upper limit given by previous research, and so it is difficult to distinguish RVMs from the standard $${\varLambda }$$
Λ
CDM model. Such RVMs which are barely distinguishable from the $${\varLambda }$$
Λ
CDM model seem to be unconvincing. Therefore, if RVMs are reliable cosmological models, running vacuum is unlikely to be coupled to photons or baryons, and then the coefficient of the dominant dynamical term of running vacuum no longer needs to be extremely small.
Numerical treatments for the MHD flow of a viscous Newtonian fluid due to a porous shrinking sheet
Authors: Eid A. , Khader M. M. , Megahed Ahmed M.
Published: April 2022

In this paper, an efficient numerical treatment for magnetohydrodynamic flow and heat transfer calculations is presented, based on the differential transformation method (DTM), and the finite element method (FEM). This numerical treatment is obtained for the ordinary differential equation (ODE) which describes physically the boundary layer flow due to a permeable shrinking sheet. The DTM and FEM are utilized in this study because of their capacity to solve linear and nonlinear systems of ODEs, as well as their accuracy and convenience of use. These methods are approximate analytical that can usually get the solution in a series form. These numerical procedures are effective for this type of physical problem of varying degrees of complexity. The numerical calculations yield that the dimensionless velocity enhances when the wall mass suction for the flow is increased after the magnetic field is imposed. Also, the dimensionless velocity was found to increase for the large value of the magnetic parameter.
Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network QoS Bottleneck Alert Mechanism Based on Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Shankar Achyut , Sumathi K. , Pandiaraja P. , Stephan Thompson , Cheng Xiaochun
Published: April 2022

Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) are mostly affected by bottleneck issues, high packet loss, increased delay, and minimum throughput. One of the most effective schemes towards controlling the bottleneck on the web is traffic control. The WMSNs handle different types of data, hence QoS is essential to afford trustworthy as well as reasonable services towards these kinds of data. The existing congestion control methods, FTLP and FEWPBRC consider the frequency of packet transmission and decide on the output transmission rate of the sink. In the Fuzzy-Based QoS Alert Bottleneck Mechanism, the probability of congestion is predicted by using a fuzzy inference system with three special congestion indicators, and the traffic rate is adjusted based on the priority of the real-time and non-real-time applications. The FBQACC is simulated using the NS2 simulator and it gives an improvement in the average throughput FTLP and FEWPBRC by 7.1499% and 6.3327%, respectively. Similarly, FBQACC reduces average delay compared to FTLP and FEWPBRC by 11.074% and 7.8128%, respectively. The proposed work also gives a minimized average packet loss percentage compared to the existing congestion control methods.
Passive decoy state phase matching quantum key distribution
Authors: Zhou Jiang-Ping , Zhou Yuan-Yuan , Gu Rui-Wen , Zhou Xue-Jun
Published: April 2022

In this paper, a passive decoy state phase matching quantum key distribution scheme is proposed based on the heralded pair coherent state light source to make the protocol more practical and safe. Without changing the intensity of the light source, we can derive four different data sets by dividing the raw key data into four groups according to the combined results of detectors in source end. The scheme can make use of the different data sets to estimate the parameters and extract the secret key. The key generation rate formula is derived after the parameter estimation. The performance of the proposed scheme is analyzed with and without taking statistical fluctuation into consideration. The simulation results show that compared with the existing active decoy-state method, the proposed passive method has slightly lower key rate when the transmission distance is short, and has obviously higher key rate when the transmission distance exceeds 406[Formula: see text]km. The maximum safety transmission distance of the proposed scheme is 452[Formula: see text]km which is relatively further. According to the influence of statistical fluctuation, the performance of the proposed scheme declines as the length of the data falls. Even though the data size is [Formula: see text], the max safety transmission distance is also more than 400[Formula: see text]km.
Construction and Empirical Study of Nursing Quality Evaluation Index System of Hepatobiliary Surgery Based on ERAS Concept
Authors: Pang Zengfen , Wang Xingli , Wu Yanfang , Zhang Huan , Huang Amei , Li Xianghong
Published: April 2022

Objective. To study the index system of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) nursing evaluation, as a basis for the quality evaluation of hepatobiliary care, continue to improve the quality of hepatobiliary care. Methods. The 300 cases of hepatobiliary surgical diseases treated in our hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were randomly selected as the subjects of this study. Through clinical trials, two groups of subjects were used, one for the ERAS care group and the traditional care group. Through the questionnaire survey and access to the relevant research data, statistical data analysis was performed using the SPSS 22.0 software. Metrics were analyzed as descriptive by mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation. The Visual Analogue Score (VAS) Hepatobiliary Surgery Nursing Service evaluation form, service evaluation form, postoperative incidence of adverse reaction rate, patient satisfaction, and readmission rate questionnaire were established from the aspects of structural quality and process quality. An index system of hepatobiliary surgery nursing quality evaluation based on the ERAS concept was constructed. Results. This study compared the degree of VAS pain through postoperative care. The ERAS care group scored significantly lower than in the traditional care group. Nursing patients based on ERAS are very satisfied with the quality of care services. By comparing patient postoperative adverse reactions, satisfaction, and readmission rates, the ERAS care group was significantly better than the traditional care group. It can be seen that a good nursing quality evaluation index system can truly and objectively reflect the level of nursing quality and promote the hospital to further improve the medical quality. Conclusion. The research on the construction of nursing quality evaluation index system of hepatobiliary surgery based on ERAS concept provides a more scientific evaluation standard for nursing quality evaluation of hepatobiliary surgery ERAS, creates conditions for digital and intelligent management of nursing quality, and provides a basis for formulating a unified nursing quality evaluation index system of hepatobiliary surgery. It is of practical significance to improve the nursing quality of ERAS in hepatobiliary surgery.
Effect of Different Surface Treatments on the Micro-Shear Bond Strength and Surface Characteristics of Zirconia: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Sales Ann , Rodrigues Shobha J. , Mahesh M. , Ginjupalli Kishore , Shetty Thilak , Pai Umesh Y. , Saldanha Sharon , Hegde Puneeth , Mukherjee Sandipan , Kamath Vignesh , Bajantri Prashant , Srikant N. , Kotian Ravindra
Published: April 2022

Purpose. To study the effect of different surface treatments on the micro-shear bond strength and surface characteristics of zirconia. Methods. Two types of zirconia ceramics were tested: opaque (O) and translucent (T). Each type of zirconia was further allotted into four groups based on the type of surface treatment method. The four groups were: control (C), air abrasion with 110 µm Al2O3 particles (A), etching with Zircos–E Etching solution for 2 hours (E), and a combination of air abrasion and etching (AE). After the surface treatment, all specimens were ultrasonically cleaned and 10 resin cement cylinders were attached to the zirconia discs in each group. A micro-shear bond strength test was performed in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The fracture surfaces were assessed under a compound microscope. SEM, EDAX, and AFM analyses were done for the zirconia specimens after being subjected to surface treatment. Statistical analysis for the bond strength test was done using the Shapiro–Wilk test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Post hoc Tukey test. Results. The micro-shear bond strength values for the groups were as follows in megapascals (MPa): OC 18.96 (5.54), OA 22.66 (2.51), OE 28.48 (4.50), OAE 28.63 (4.53), TC 22.82 (5.46), TA 25.36 (5.17), TE 28.12 (4.76), and TAE 32.00 (3.47). The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc Tukey HSD tests were done which showed significant results in the groups. In opaque zirconia, significant differences were seen in the etching and air abrasion with etching groups when compared with the control and air abrasion groups. There was no difference between the etching and air abrasion with etching groups. For translucent zirconia, the only significant difference was seen in the air abrasion with etching group in comparison with the control and air abrasion groups. The mode of failure was majorly adhesive. The surface topography and surface roughness showed significant differences between the groups. The EDAX results showed material loss that occurred due to sandblasting in the air abrasion groups. Conclusions. Etching with Zircos–E Etching solution significantly increased the bond strength of zirconia to resin cement when compared with other surface treatment methods. In translucent zirconia, the best results can be achieved by combining etching with air abrasion.
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome in Young Female Athletes: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Pavone Vito , Vescio Andrea , Panvini Flora Maria Chiara , Lucenti Ludovico , Caldaci Alessia , Sapienza Marco , Canavese Federico , Testa Gianluca
Published: April 2022

Background. Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is the most common cause of anterior knee pain in children and adolescents, and it is characterized by highly limiting, recurrent, frontal pain. Objectives. The purpose of the study is to assess the incidence and onset of PFPS in the young female athletes and to compare it to healthy individuals. Methods. Between 2017 and 2019, 51 subjects were reviewed and divided in three groups: rhythmic gymnastics athletes (RG; 21 individuals, mean age: 13.8 ± 3.6 years), basketball athletes (BG; 17 individuals, mean age: 14.2 ± 3.1 years), and control group (CG; 13 individuals, mean age: 14.5 ± 4.3 years). All patients underwent physical examination including patellar glide, tilt, grind and apprehension tests, tiptoe and jack tests, Coleman block, and navicular drop tests. The clinical and functional outcomes of the subjects were assessed using the Kujala patellofemoral score (KPS). Results. In RG patients were recorded 66.7% of normal footprint (NF), 9.5% of cavus feet (FCF), and 23.8% of flatfeet (FFF); 14.8% patellar positive tests, KS = 98.6 ± 13.7. BG patients had 70.6% of NF, 11.8% FCF, and 17.6% of FFF; 23.5% patellar positive tests, KS = 98.3 ± 12.4. CG patients had 61.5% of NF, 7.7% of FCF and 30.8% of FFF; 15.4% patellar positive tests, KPS = 98,9 ± 15.3. No statistically significance was found between the three cohorts of patients. Conclusions. PFPS is a common pathology; muscular imbalance and overuse could exacerbate pain and discomfort in young female athletes. Our findings show high type and level of sport activity are not related to increase frequency of clinical symptoms related to PFPS.
Routh–Hurwitz Stability and Quasiperiodic Attractors in a Fractional‐Order Model for Awareness Programs: Applications to COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Hassan Taher S. , Elabbasy E. M. , Matouk A.E. , Ramadan Rabie A. , Abdulrahman Alanazi T. , Odinaev Ismoil
Published: April 2022

This work explores Routh–Hurwitz stability and complex dynamics in models for awareness programs to mitigate the spread of epidemics. Here, the investigated models are the integer‐order model for awareness programs and their corresponding fractional form. A non‐negative solution is shown to exist inside the globally attracting set (GAS) of the fractional model. It is also shown that the diseasefree steady state is locally asymptotically stable (LAS) given that R0 is less than one, where R0 is the basic reproduction number. However, as R0 > 1, an endemic steady state is created whose stability analysis is studied according to the extended fractional Routh–Hurwitz scheme, as the order lies in the interval (0,2]. Furthermore, the proposed awareness program models are numerically simulated based on the predictor‐corrector algorithm and some clinical data of the COVID‐19 pandemic in KSA. Besides, the model’s basic reproduction number in KSA is calculated using the selected data (R0 = 1.977828168). In conclusion, the findings indicate the effectiveness of fractional‐order calculus to simulate, predict, and control the spread of epidemiological diseases.
Relationship between Serum TSH Level and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome in Advanced Maternal Age
Authors: Shao Xiufang , Ren Kunhai , Tang Haiyan , Xiu Yingling , Pan Mian
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and adverse pregnancy outcomes in advanced maternal age. A total of 97 elderly parturient women who were treated in our hospital from June 2020 to March 2021 are included in this study. According to the TSH level, the parturient women are divided into three groups, including A (<0.25 μIU/ml), B (>4.00 μIU/ml), and C (0.25–4.00 μIU/ml) groups. The clinical data of all parturients are collected and sorted out. The serum levels of TSH, free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) are measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay. The levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgG, and IgM are determined by immunoturbidimetry. The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes is analyzed. The birth weight and Apgar score of newborns in the three groups are compared. The TSH level in group A is significantly lower than that in groups B and C, but the levels of FT3 and FT4 in group A are notably higher than those in groups B and C (P < 0.05). The levels of IgA, IgG, and IgM in group A are significantly higher than those in groups B and C (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in group C is 2.38%, which is obviously lower than the 20.00% in group A and 17.14% in group B (P < 0.05). The birth weight and Apgar score of infants in group A and group B are significantly lower than those in group C (P < 0.05). TSH has a great influence on the pregnancy outcome in advanced maternal age, which should be paid more attention in clinic.
Initial Presentation of OCD and Psychosis in an Adolescent during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Nazeer Sahana , Reddy Abhishek
Published: April 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic is unparalleled in recent history when accounting for the true disease burden and dramatic impact on physical and mental health. Due to its infectious pathology, COVID-19 presents with a variety of symptoms including neuropsychiatric complications. Moreover, factors such as quarantine, social isolation, and fear of illness have negatively impacted the health of non-COVID-19 patients. There has been significant literature reporting new-onset psychiatric illness in all global populations including those without history of psychiatric illness. This report discusses an adolescent male without prior psychiatric history presenting with new onset symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder and psychosis in the context of COVID-19. There are considerable reports describing new-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder, albeit conflicting in terms of prevalence and exacerbations in the setting of COVID-19 in both adult and adolescent populations but limited reports of new-onset psychosis in those same populations and setting.
Fluid Inclusion Evidence for Oil Charge and Cracking in the Cambrian Longwangmiao Dolomite Reservoirs of the Central Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Xiao Xuewei , Chen Honghan , Li Chunquan , Liu Xiuyan , Wang Zecheng , Jiang Hua
Published: April 2022

The Cambrian Longwangmiao gas reservoirs in the Moxi area of the Sichuan Basin have a complex associated gas accumulation history. Based on core and thin section examination, fluid inclusion analyses and 1-D burial-thermal modelling, the diagenetic evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation processes in the Longwangmiao Formation have been reconstructed. Various diagenetic events were identified, making up a complete pore fill sequence as follows: solid bitumen/dolomite→ nonfluorescent solid bitumen → dolomite → quartz/yellow fluorescent oily bitumen → residual hole. Analyses of oil inclusions and bitumen-bearing inclusions are key to the understanding of the hydrocarbon accumulation processes. The Th values of the aqueous inclusions that are contemporaneous with hydrocarbon inclusions range from 74.3 to 214.3°C. In conjunction with burial-thermal history modelling results, the results indicate that there were two stages of oil charge and three stages of natural gas accumulation in the Longwangmiao carbonate reservoirs. The two stages of oil charge occurred in the Late Silurian and Middle Triassic, respectively. Three gas accumulation events occurred in the Middle to Late Triassic, Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, and Late Cretaceous, respectively.
An Experimental Study on the Strength and Crack Healing Performance of E. coli Bacteria‐Induced Microbial Concrete
Authors: Islam Md. Mahfuzul , Hoque Nusrat , Islam Moinul , Ibney Gias Imteaz
Published: April 2022

The most commonly used building material in the construction industry is concrete. However, the weak features of concrete are its low ductility and limited tension capacity and hence crack development with the increase in load. These cracks get more worsened by the intrusion of water and salt present in the composition and hence causing deterioration and reducing the longevity of the material. This study focuses on an innovative approach to mitigate concrete’s fractures and flaws by utilizing microbiologically induced calcite (CaCO3) precipitation (MICP) excited by Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria to improve the performance of cementitious building materials. The study investigated the development of microbiological concrete in plain water using only one culture density (OD600 0.5 ± 0.1). In this study, two water‐to‐bacterial mix ratios (75 : 25 and 50 : 50) were used and compared to the conventional concrete (100 : 0). 100‐mm cube‐sized specimens cured for a period of 7, 28, 90, and 365 days were tested for compressive strength, water absorption capacity, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), and SEM analysis, which were performed on the samples at regular intervals. According to the results of these experiments, microbial concrete with the 50 : 50 ratio exhibited the highest strength for all curing times. From the water absorption test of samples, it is found that the absorption of the materials got reduced due to the infusion of microorganisms in concrete. On the other hand, the UPV test showed high velocity than the control samples for specimens with an OD600 0.5 ± 0.1. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis performed on distinct concrete groups at the age of 28 days showed fewer voids in the concrete lumps due to the increase in water substitution rate caused by microbial culture.
Efficient Multibit Function Encryption for Data Security in Internet of Things
Authors: Chen Qihong , Jiang Mingming , Guo Yuyan , Zhang Dongbing , Jia Weina , Zheng Wen
Published: April 2022

The development of the Internet of Things (IoT) has been facing severe security threats, and the security and fine-grained access control of data in the IoT is one of the security problems that urgently need to deal with. Attribute-based encryption (ABE) schemes over lattice can not only achieve fine-grained access control but also resist quantum attacks. However, most schemes are single-bit encryption, which is inefficient. In this study, a multibit inner product predicate encryption (PE) scheme over lattice is proposed, which effectively expands the plaintext space. The scheme can realize multibit attribute-based encryption with the hidden access structure for data security in the IoT and support And-gate operation in the access structure with multiattribute. The fine-grained access control of ciphertext data can be realized under the condition of ensuring data privacy. The security of the scheme is based on LWE problem, and it can resist quantum attacks, that is, CPA security under the standard model.
Darboux Transformations and Soliton-Like Solutions of a New System Associated with the Negative AKNS System
Authors: Huang Shilong , Li Hongmin
Published: April 2022

In this letter, we consider a new two-component system. By its reciprocal relation with the first negative flow in the AKNS hierarchy, we construct three Darboux-Bäcklund transformations for the new system and obtain some soliton-like solutions.
A Novel Approach for Feature Selection and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus: Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Saxena Roshi , Sharma Sanjay Kumar , Gupta Manali , Sampada G. C.
Published: April 2022

An active research area where the experts from the medical field are trying to envisage the problem with more accuracy is diabetes prediction. Surveys conducted by WHO have shown a remarkable increase in the diabetic patients. Diabetes generally remains in dormant mode and it boosts the other diseases if patients are diagnosed with some other disease such as damage to the kidney vessels, problems in retina of the eye, and cardiac problem; if unidentified, it can create metabolic disorders and too many complications in the body. The main objective of our study is to draw a comparative study of different classifiers and feature selection methods to predict the diabetes with greater accuracy. In this paper, we have studied multilayer perceptron, decision trees, K-nearest neighbour, and random forest classifiers and few feature selection techniques were applied on the classifiers to detect the diabetes at an early stage. Raw data is subjected to preprocessing techniques, thus removing outliers and imputing missing values by mean and then in the end hyperparameters optimization. Experiments were conducted on PIMA Indians diabetes dataset using Weka 3.9 and the accuracy achieved for multilayer perceptron is 77.60%, for decision trees is 76.07%, for K-nearest neighbour is 78.58%, and for random forest is 79.8%, which is by far the best accuracy for random forest classifier.
Intelligent Recognition Model of Business English Translation Based on Improved GLR Algorithm
Authors: Deng Laiying , Hu Xinde , Liu Fen
Published: April 2022

Aiming at the problem of low accuracy of traditional algorithm model, an intelligent recognition model of business English translation based on an improved GLR algorithm is proposed. Through this algorithm, the automatic sentence recognition technology is established, and according to the characteristics of business English, the improved GLR algorithm is used for collection, sorting, and analysis, so as to realize the intelligent recognition of business English. The results show that based on the improved GLR algorithm, the recognition accuracy is high, and the comprehensive score is 92.5 points, which overcomes the disadvantages of the GLR algorithm, and the operation speed and processing are improved. Based on the improved GLR algorithm, the intelligent translation of business English is realized, which is accurate and fast, and greatly promotes the learning and development of business English.