bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chinese Hα Solar Explorer (CHASE) – a complementary space mission to the ASO-S
Authors: Li Chuan , Fang Cheng , Li Zhen , Ding Ming-De , Chen Peng-Fei , Chen Zhe , Lin Liang-Kui , Chen Chang-Zheng , Chen Chang-Ya , Tao Hong-Jiang , You Wei , Hao Qi , Dai Yu , Cheng Xin , Guo Yang , Hong Jie , An Min-Jie , Cheng Wei-Qiang , Chen Jian-Xin , Wang Wei , Zhang Wei
Published: November 2019

The Chinese Hα Solar Explorer (CHASE) is designed to test a newly developed satellite platform and conduct solar observations. The scientific payload of the satellite is an Hα imaging spectrograph (HIS), which can, for the first time, acquire full-disk spectroscopic solar observations in the Hα waveband. This paper briefly introduces CHASE/HIS including its scientific objectives, technical parameters, scientific application system, etc. The CHASE mission is scheduled to launch in 2021. It will complement the observations by on-orbit solar spacecraft (such as SDO, IRIS, STEREO and PSP), as well as future solar missions of the Solar Orbiter and Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory (ASO-S).
Joint hard X-ray observations with ASO-S/HXI and SO/STIX
Authors: Krucker Säm , Hurford Gordon J. , Su Yang , Gan Wei-Qun
Published: November 2019

This paper discusses the potential of future joint hard X-ray solar flare observations between the Hard X-ray Imager (HXI) onboard the Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory (ASO-S) mission and the Spectrometer/Telescope for Imaging X-rays (STIX) on Solar Orbiter. The different viewing perspectives of the two telescopes relative to the Sun will allow us for the first time to systematically study non-thermal hard X-ray emissions stereoscopically. During the 4-years of the nominal mission of ASO-S, we expect to jointly observe about 160 flares above GOES M1 class to systematically study hard X-ray directivity. For about 16 partially limb-occulted STIX flares, we will have observations of the entire flare by HXI. Such observations will enable us to simultaneously study the all-important coronal hard X-ray sources, which are generally lost in the instrument’s individual imaging dynamic range, in combination with the chromospheric footpoint emissions. The two different detector systems used in the two telescopes make the relative calibration between the two instruments a key task that needs to be addressed before creditable science results can be published. If an accurate inter-calibration can be achieved using jointly observed flares on the disk, observations with HXI and STIX will provide new and essential key diagnostics for solar flare physics.
Flexible and stretchable photodetectors and gas sensors for wearable healthcare based on solution-processable metal chalcogenides
Authors: Yan Qi , Gao Liang , Tang Jiang , Liu Huan
Published: November 2019

Wearable smart sensors are considered to be the new generation of personal portable devices for health monitoring. By attaching to the skin surface, these sensors are closely related to body signals (such as heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, breath markers, etc.) and ambient signals (such as ultraviolet radiation, inflammable and explosive, toxic and harmful gases), thus providing new opportunities for human activity monitoring and personal telemedicine care. Here we focus on photodetectors and gas sensors built from metal chalcogenide, which have made great progress in recent years. Firstly, we present an overview of healthcare applications based on photodetectors and gas sensors, and discuss the requirement associated with these applications in detail. We then discuss advantages and properties of solution-processable metal chalcogenides, followed by some recent achievements in health monitoring with photodetectors and gas sensors based on metal chalcogenides. Last we present further research directions and challenges to develop an integrated wearable platform for monitoring human activity and personal healthcare.
Recent progress on gas sensors based on graphene-like 2D/2D nanocomposites
Authors: Yuan Songyang , Zhang Shaolin
Published: November 2019

Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have demonstrated great potential in the field of flexible gas sensing due to their inherent high specific surface areas, unique electronic properties and flexibility property. However, numerous challenges including sensitivity, selectivity, response time, recovery time, and stability have to be addressed before their practical application in gas detection field. Development of graphene-like 2D/2D nanocomposites as an efficient strategy to achieve high-performance 2D gas sensor has been reported recently. This review aims to discuss the latest advancements in the 2D/2D nanocomposites for gas sensors. We first elaborate the gas-sensing mechanisms and the collective benefits of 2D/2D hybridization as sensor materials. Then, we systematically present the current gas-sensing applications based on different categories of 2D/2D nanocomposites. Finally, we conclude the future prospect of 2D/2D nanocomposites in gas sensing applications.
Screen-printed soft triboelectric nanogenerator with porous PDMS and stretchable PEDOT:PSS electrode
Authors: Wan Haochuan , Cao Yunqi , Lo Li-Wei , Xu Zhihao , Sepúlveda Nelson , Wang Chuan
Published: November 2019

The recent development on wearable and stretchable electronics calls for skin conformable power sources that are beyond current battery technologies. Among the many novel energy devices being explored, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) made from intrinsically stretchable materials has a great potential to meet the above requirement as being both soft and efficient. In this paper, we present a lithography-free and low-cost TENG device comprising a porous-structured PDMS layer and a stretchable PEDOT:PSS electrode. The porous PDMS structure is formed by using self-assembled polystyrene beads as the sacrificial template and it is highly ordered with great uniformity and high structural stability under compression force. Moreover, the porous PDMS TENG exhibits improved output voltage and current of 1.65 V and 0.54 nA compared to its counterpart with non-porous PDMS with 0.66 V and 0.34 nA. The effect of different loading force and frequency on the output response of the TENG device has also been studied. This work could shed light on diverse structural modification methods for improving the performance of PDMS-based TENG and the development of intrinsically stretchable TENG for wearable device applications.
System design of smart solar photovoltaic water pump in Indonesia
Authors: Pratilastiarso J , Tridianto E , Diana L
Published: November 2019

Indonesia has a vast agricultural land. However, during the dry season, agricultural land does not get enough water. The problem can be solved by using the abundant amount of solar light during the dry season. It is Smart Solar Photovoltaic Water Pump (SSPWP). This research is system design of SSPWP. It consists of Photovoltaic panel, solar charger control, accumulator, inverter, water pump, mobile phone, and alarm. The working principle of the system is a solar cell in Photovoltaic panel exposes solar light then it produces direct current electricity. It is supplied to the water pump to irrigate farm. This system is connected to a mobile phone so that farmer can control irrigation for their farm automatically. System design consists Electric water Pump 220 Volt AC 200 Watt, with four Photos voltaic panels 12 – 36 Volt 180-Watt Peak Maximum power 720 Watt, and 72 Ampere Hour Battery.
Characterization of activated charcoal from sugar palm bunches (Arengga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr) and the application as adsorbent lead (Pb), copper (Cu) and chrome (Cr) in solution
Authors: Adrianto N , Mongkito V H R , Fayanto S , Anas M , Eso R
Published: November 2019

This study proposes to determine the ability of activated charcoal from sugar palm bunches (Arengga Pinnata MERR) as lead adsorbent (Pb), copper (Cu) and chromium (Cr). The sample was carbonated with a temperature of 200-400°C, then mashed by using mortal and sieved using a size of 100 mesh. Samples were activated with activation temperature variations of 600°C, 700°C, and 800°C and characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) with 2500x magnification and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The SEM results indicate surface morphology of the best-activated charcoal of at a temperature of 700°C with uniformly distributed pore size. In the AAS analysis results obtained for Pb absorption capacity of 0.0082 mg/g and absorption efficiency of 86.86%, the Cu absorption capacity of 0.0203 mg/g and absorption efficiency of 94.37% and Cr adsorption capacity of 0.0243 mg/g and efficiency absorption 96.39%. The value of absorption capacity obtained the result of AAS characterization, and the best adsorption efficiency was at 700°C.
Modeling response Time Lapse Microgravity Vertical Gradient (TLMVG) anomaly due to fluid volume changes of sub surface and its implementation in Kota Lama Semarang
Authors: Supriyadi  , Khumaedi  , Sugiyanto  , Ikhsan M , Sarkowi
Published: November 2019

Modeling of time lapse microgravity anomaly have done. The modelling was done with two ways are first gravimetri position on the earth’s surface, and second position at a height of 25 cm from it. The first model shows for 30 % rock porosity than any change in groundwater within depth 1 meter causes gravity change 12,579 μGal. The second model show that reduction of groundwater wil reduce time lapse microgravity vertical gradient (TLMVG) anomaly. Reduction of groundwater will provide TLMVG negative value (-) and reverse groundwater give positive value (+). It was concluded that in the Kota Lama during the range of March to September there was no subsidence, but there was a decrease in groundwater level of 1.449 m
Fabrication and characterization of Polymer Optical Fiber (POF) based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer for temperature sensor
Authors: Rumiana H , Maimanah S , Kurniansyah K E , Yulianti I , Putra N M D
Published: November 2019

A polymer optical fiber based on Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) was proposed and experimentally demostrated for temperature sensor. The MZI comprises two couplers with length of 2 cm and two POF branches with different length which are 5 cm and 3 cm. The jacket of the 5 cm branch was removed to increase the temperature effect on the MZI. Characterization of the sensor was done by putting the sensor in temperature chamber while the two ends of the MZI were connected to light emitting diode (LED) and spectrometer, respectively. The temperature was varied from 40°C to 80°C with an increment of of 5°C. The results showed that the sensitivity is 0.0822 nm/° C with correlation of 97,66%. The MZI sensor has the highest accuracy at temperature of 55°C and the lowest accuracy at temperature of 70°C.
Photoluminescence study of ZnO:Al thin films with different power plasma
Authors: Astuti B , Sugianto  , Maftuchah I , Firmahaya N A , Marwoto P , Ratnasari F D , Muttaqin R , Setyaningsih N E , Aryanto D , Isnaeni
Published: November 2019

ZnO doped Al (ZnO:Al ) thin film was deposited on corning glass substrate using DC magnetron sputtering method. Depositon process of the ZnO:Al thin films was kept constant at Argon pressure, deposition temperature and deposition time are 500 mTorr, 400°C and 2 hours, respectivelly. Furthermore, for deposition process has been done on the variation of power plasma are 33, 43, and 50 watt. For the optical properties of the ZnO:Al thin films using Photoluminescence spectroscopy. Different plasma power will affecting on ion energy and momentum pounder. It’s effect on the quality of thin films that influence to photoluminescence intensity was obtained.
The adsorption of dye waste using black carbon from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic bottle waste
Authors: Rahmawati I , Priyanto A , Darsono T , Sulhadi  , Aji M P
Published: November 2019

Black carbon from PET plastic bottles has been successfully synthesized by heating methods. Six gram sample of PET plastic bottle were heated by furnace for 2 hours with various heating temperature as 300°C, 350°C, 400°C, and 450°C. Black carbon then mixed with methylene blue in aqueous solution with various masses as 20 mg, 40 mg, 60 mg, 80 mg, and 100 mg. This study shows that the black carbon which synthesized at temperature of 450°C performs as the most effective absorbent. The solution of methylene blue changed its color significantly and became clearer after the adsorption process. The absorbance spectra of methylene blue lies at the wavelength of 550-700 nm and decreasing the absorbance intensity. It indicates that the concentration of methylene blue is decreased during adsorption proccess which predicted due to the oxygen molecul and the porosity. The analysis of carbon morphology showed that black carbon which synthesized at temperature of 450°C has more pores, while the black carbon which heated at temperature of 400°C has few pores. The EDX analysis shows that black carbon that heated at temperature of 450°C contains 32,4% oxygen, whereas black carbon that heated at temperature of 400°C contains 24,3% oxygen.
Chi-Squared test for constraining free parameters of modified Gravity on Brown Dwarfs
Authors: Rosyadi A S , Sulaksono A
Published: November 2019

Constraining free parameters of two modified gravity theories such as beyond Horndeski and Eddington Inspired Born-Infeld Theories of Gravity have been done precisely with LHS6343C data. However, it remains insufficient to explain the radius and mass relation of Brown Dwarf globally. We still need to identify how well beyond Horndeski and Eddington Inspired Born-Infeld Theories of Gravity being compared by the completed observation mass-radius data of Bayliss et. al. The provided data gives error-bar that can be used to study more systematically through the standard deviation analysis. We do Chi-Squared test to obtain minimum value on the free parameters of both Modified Gravity theories. We compare the two results and constrain the free parameters of both theories on confidence level 1 σ. We can obtain the more accurate results for determining the limits of free parameters of both theories.
Absorber performation of CdTe/CdTe:Cu thins films based from crystal phase and microstructures
Authors: Putra N M D , Sugianto  , Astuti B , Marwoto P
Published: November 2019

It has been successfully grown thin film CdTe, CdTe:Cu (2%) and CdTe:Cu (15%) using DC Magnetron Sputtering method. Sample preparation was performed with different temperature and plasma power parameters above the ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) substrates. Then sample a thin film on annealing for 20 minutes. The addition of Cu doping causes the film polycrystalline structure to change from zincblende (cubic) to wurtzite (hexagonal) crystal phase. The optical transformation of CdTe as absorber is indicated parameter by the Eg = 1.48 eV or α = 7,348×104 cm−1 corresponding to the CdTe:Cu (2%) thin film sample with optimum crystal size and high lattice parameters.
Preliminary study of great earthquakes relocation in the last decade (2008-2018) in north and central region of Sulawesi Island
Authors: Huda A M M , Ridlo N K E L
Published: November 2019

Research has been conducted to determine the position of earthquakes that occurred in Sulawesi Island in the last decade (2008-2018). The study area included 2.64 N; 126 E; 118.57 W; and -7.36 S with a maximum depth of 1000 km. A total of 13 data of seismicity were recorded on 26 BMKG stations with a magnitude more than equal to 6 Richter scale. Relocation was done based on the travel time data of P wave and S wave obtained from the Seismic Analysis Code. The data were processed using Geiger method to determine earthquake position. The earth model used in this study was diverse. The relocation result depends on the model of the earth used. Local earth models were required to perform routine data analysis of activities in the region of Sulawesi earthquake.
Influence of annealing time on the morphology and oxygen content of ZnO:Ga thin films
Authors: Marwoto P , Khanifah L , Sulhadi  , Sugianto  , Astuti B , Wibowo E
Published: November 2019

The effect of annealing time on the morphology and oxygen content of ZnO:Ga films has been deeply studied. ZnO:Ga films were grown with the use of the dc Magnetron Sputtering on the corning glass substrate. The films are grown with a plasma power of 30 watt, Argon gas pressure of 500 mtorr, and a substrate temperature of 300 °C for an hour deposition. The effect of annealing time on the morphology of ZnO:Ga films was observed by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), whereas the oxygen content of the film was determined by Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometers. The SEM images showed that the ZnO:Ga film grown with an annealing time of 40 minutes possess relatively more homogeneous and compact morphology with smoother grain size than the ZnO:Ga films that deposited with annealing times of 30 and 50 minutes. The EDX results confirmed that this film possess lowest oxygen content (24.5 % of mass) but highest Ga content (1.7 % of mass) comparated to the ZnO:Ga thin films grown with another annealing times.
Characterization of mahogany leaf litter (Swietenia macrophylla King) as a raw material of decay resistance biocomposite
Authors: Aryani N P , Fibriana F , Anwar A F , Ummayah F F D , Alighiri D , Harjono  , Masturi
Published: November 2019

Leaf litter is an organic waste that can be degraded biologically in nature. Based on the previous research, mahogany trees in Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES) campus produce about 10 ton ha−1 leaf litter in campus forest area and 2.5 ton ha−1 along campus street within three-month-period. By this abundant amount of leaf litter, it is quite difficult to overcome the problem of litter management. Therefore, the idea of leaf litter utilization as a raw material of biocomposite is promising to reduce the use of wood as an important commodity of human needs. However, the characterization of leaf litter feasibility for biocomposite production has not been done. This research aims to characterize the physicochemical properties of mahogany leaf litter. Leaf litter was oven-dried for 5 h at 50 °C and then was ground using a mechanical blender to obtain leaf litter powder. Then, the proximate (moisture, proteins, fat and carbohydrate content) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were performed. The results show that the content of crude ash is 9.90 ± 0.65%; crude protein content 24.83 ± 0.79%; crude fat content 11.37 ± 1.05%; volatile compound 65.14 ± 4.77%; charcoal content 7.66 ± 0.71%; and moisture content 6.61 ± 0.69%. The FTIR spectrum shows that leaf litter has low water content and indicates the content of phenolic compounds such as flavonoid. The physic-chemical properties of mahogany leaf litter indicate that mahogany leaf litter is suitable to be used as the decay resistance of biocomposite material.
Processing of recycled waste PET (polyethylene terephthalate) plastics bottle into for the lightweight and reinforcement bricks
Authors: Alighiri D , Yasin M N , Rohmawati B , Drastisianti A
Published: November 2019

PET (polyethylene terephthalate) waste is a plastic bottle waste that difficult to recycle in large scale, so it was causing environmental pollution. In this research, PET waste used as a main material of bricks by using the mix design method. The mix design method used includes cutting of PET waste, melting of PET waste, mixing with other materials, and molding the materials. This research used four variations of PET waste added by cement and sand to find the ideal composition that mentioned by SNI (Indonesia National Standard). The ideal composition of brick is solid plastic: cement: sand volume ratio is 66:22:12. The result of this research showed that brick quality is ideal, which was characterized by FT-IR and SEM. This composition has 0% of water absorbency, the compressive strength is 75 Kg/cm2, water absorbency of SNI brick is under 20%, and the compressive strength is between 60-100 Kg/cm2.
Exploration of confidence in research skill for pre-service physics teacher
Authors: Yanti F A , Kuswanto H , Mundilarto  , Nasir  , Habibi
Published: November 2019

Teacher is the main actor who has important role in problem solving in every learning process. The problem solving can be done through research studies. Uniquely, teachers’ research reports in Indonesia are more done by the male teachers than the female teachers. Teacher comes from a trained pre-service teacher. Research skills are obtained when they become pre-service teachers. This research exploring belief in the research skill of pre-service teacher and showing the difference of research skills based on gender. The method used was through some surveys on a Likert scale. This research skills questionnaire was measuring as follows: planning, choosing problems, studying literatures, choosing instruments, collecting data, choosing method and analyzing data, interpreting data and concluding research result. Samples were chosen from random sampling consists of 22 males and 140 female’s pre-service physics teachers of university in Lampung. The results showed that the average value of different test for each aspect of research skills obtained p-value ≥0.05. The conclusion that pre-service physics teachers have good research skills of average value = 4.03, there is no significant difference by gender. The result of this survey can be used in developing research skills of pre-service teachers, especially in publication of article.
Developing an instrument of scientific literacy assessment to measure natural science teacher candidates in force subject
Authors: Rusilowati A , Yulianto A , Ikhsannudin  , Astuti B , Huda N
Published: November 2019

The aim of this study to develop an instrument of scientific literacy assessment that tested its validity, reliability, characteristics, and described the skills of natural science teacher candidates, consist of three aspects based on PISA 2015 as follow: cognitive, competence, and affective aspect. The subjects are 2nd semester natural science teacher candidates at Universitas Negeri Semarang. Test validity has been done by the content, construct, and concurrent validity. Test reliability has been done by calculating a reliability coefficient “r”. Characteristics tested by determining the level of difficulty and distinguishing features. Profile of scientific literacy skills is determined by measuring natural science teacher candidates’ mastery of scientific literacy. The result of a reliability test is the value of “r” is 0.71 in high category. Validity test results showed that the instrument fulfils the content, construct and the concurrent validity with very valid category and strong validity. The characteristics of developing an instrument assessment showed that the instrument has a level of difficulty that the proportion is 26.7%. The result of distinguish analysis obtained 56.7% of the items with the good quality. Profile of scientific literacy skills showed that the cognitive and competency aspect of natural science teacher candidates is very low and the affective aspect is good.
Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) based learning of physics to develop senior high school student’s critical thinking
Authors: Yulianti D , Wiyanto  , Rusilowati A , Nugroho S E , Pangesti K I
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this research is to know the development of senior high school student’s critical thinking skills through Science, Engineering, Technology and Mathematics (STEM) based learning physics. The critical thinking indicators developed in this study include hypothesizing, interpreting, analysing, summarizing and evaluating. Design of this research uses One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Subjects in this study were 2nd grade of Senior High School Students, from three Senior High School in Semarang City. The results showed that discussion, experiment, project making and presentation activities that were packaged in STEM based physics learning could develop critical thinking skills in aspects of hypothesizing, interpreting, analysing, summarizing and evaluating. The result of the gain test shows the development of hypothesis, analysing, and evaluating ability included in high category, while the ability to interpreting and summarizing is included in the medium category.
Using pine and cocoa waste with pyrolysis technology by liquid smoke, charcoal and bio char
Authors: Wijaya M , Wiharto M , Danial M
Published: November 2019

In this research, the pyrolysis proceeded at five destilate temperature, ie. 115 until 515°C.Targeted results of this study was to use liquid smoke, charcoal, oil, and gas produced from Biomass (Pine wood and Cacao shell) waste through fast pyrolysis technology, so the charcoal can be used potentially as bio fuelleather raw material analysis showed that leather raw material for wood pine analysis showed that the lignin content 26,06%, and so, 49,23% alpha cellulose and hemicelluloses content of 23,62%. and lignin content cacao waste 46,82%, so 26,73% alpha cellulose and hemicelluloses content of 4,86%.GC-MS results showed that liquid smoke each source contains different compounds. Different types of compounds found in liquid smoke from pine waste condensate such as acid (4 types), keton (10), alcohol(1), phenol(1), esters(3), quaiacol(1), aldehyde (1).furfural (1) and so on. And Cacao waste such acid (3 types), keton (7), alcohol (3), Alkana (1), Levoglucosan (1), resorcin (1), and so on. Identification of liquid smoke from the hazelnut shell by GC-MS yield potential chemical components including products levoglucosan and hydroxy methyl furfural as Biofuel and chemical raw material.FTIR analysis results for charcoal pine shell can be seen in Table 1shows. Changes in aromatic peak at 1579 cm− 1shows that it contains lignin. 1159,1cm−1indicated dehydration and depolymerization of cellulose and hemicelluloses content. Wave number3423 cm-1 shows hydroxyl group. FTIR analysis results for charcoal cacao l can be seen Changes in aromatic peak at 1585 cm−shows that it contains lignin. 1111 cm−1indicated dehydration and depolymerization of cellulose and hemicelluloses content The wave number 3406 cm-1 shows hydroxyl group. Pyrolysis technology may reduce carbon emission.Each of the ten challenges was presented with a review of relevant literature followed by future directions which can ultimately lead to technological eco friendly that would facilitate commercialization of pyrolytic biochar.
Titania nanoparticles coated on polycarbonate car headlights for self-cleaning purpose
Authors: Chandren S , Zulfemi N H
Published: November 2019

Due to the quick advancement of automotive headlights from glass to polycarbonate (PC) plastic, ultraviolet (UV) hard coating that offers excellent properties are ideal in meeting the requirements of modern designs. However, PC is known to deteriorate upon exposure to sunlight, moisture, dirt and other environmental conditions. In this work, TiO2 in the form of suspensions were attached on the PC sheet’s surface that had been modified by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS). FESEM results showed that the TiO2 are almost spherical in shape and agglomerated. Analysis using GI-XRD showed that the coated samples were of anatase phase with low crystallinity. Based on the results, it was found that TiO2 prepared via method 3 coated on PC sheets managed to produce a more uniform coating, with the strongest adhesion, although with some reduction in transparency. The photocatalytic activity testing was carried out through the photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) under UV light irradiation and it was found that the prepared samples were able to decompose MO, although not at a lower percentage. It can also be observed that PC sheet coated with TiO2 prepared by method 3 showed a higher photocatalytic activity as compared to the other method.
Topical anti-inflammatory activity of n-hexane extract of santalum album linn leaves on rat ear oedema induced by croton oil
Authors: Puspawati N M , Rita W S
Published: November 2019

Santalum album Linn (S.album) has been traditionally used to treat inflammation. This research aimed to evaluate topical anti-inflammatory activity of nhexane extract of S.album leaves on croton-oil induced rat ear oedema. The anti-inflammatory activity test was done using 25 Wistar rats which divided randomly into five groups. Group 1 (negative control, croton oil 35% in acetone only), group 2 (positive control, hydrocortisone drug 2.5% and croton oil), and groups 3, 4, and 5 treated with 10, 20, and 40 mg/ear of n-hexane extracts respectively along with the croton oil. The rat ear-oedema thickness was measured manually using micrometre after 6 hours of observation. The topical application of n-hexane extract of S.album leaf at doses 10 and 20 mg/ear, and hydrocortisone significantly reduced croton-oil induced rat ear oedemawith percentage inhibition of 36, 52, and 73 % respectively. However, at a higher dose of 40 mg/ear, it did not significantly inhibit inflammation as compare to negative control. Histology analysis result also revealed that n hexane extract at doses 10 and 20 mg/ear, and hydrocortisone decreased significantly infiltration of leukocytes. Based on this result, it can be concluded that n-hexane extract of Santalun album Linn leaf showed topical anti-inflammatory activity in a dose dependent manner.
Removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution by fatty hydroxamic acids immobilized onto bentonite
Authors: Suhendra D , Gunawan E R , Asnawati D , Triyatnoko W
Published: November 2019

The mining business in Indonesia has a large contribution to economic growth and the supplies of domestic minerals. However, if the mining businessis conducted illegally and does not use the good mining practice, it will not only harm the country but also risk endangering human safety due to environmental damage caused. In gold mining process, only the main metal, that is gold, is taken while the other metal is discharged into the sewer as waste.One of the metal ions to be waste is copper ion, Cu(II) ion. In this study, removal of Cu(II) ions from illegal gold mining waste was carried out using fatty hydroxamic acids (FHA) immobilized onto bentonite.The FHA used is enzymatically synthesized from Jatropha curcas L. kernel oil. The effects of Cu(II) ion pH and FHA concentration on copper removal have been investigated.The presented results indicated that the extraction of Cu(II) ion was very sensitive to the copper ion pH and extractant concentration. The optimum pH of Cu(II) ion adsorption by FHA-Bentonite (FHA-Bent) is pH 5.A quantitative recovery of Cu(II) ion from FHA-Bent was obtained using 10% HNO3 solutions as eluent with a pre-concentration factorupto 60.
Analysis of virgin coconut oil (VCO) components after heating and adding Cymbopogon nardus as the essential oil
Authors: Suaniti N M , Adnyana I W B , Manurung M
Published: November 2019

Cymbopogon nardushas the potential to be an essential oil, used for kitchen spice, cosmetics (aromatherapy), and cancer medicines which contains citrate, eugenol, citronellol, citronellal, geraniol, citronellyl acetate, geranyl acetate, beta-caryophyllene, limonene, and methyl eugenol. This study aimed to analyze the components of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) after heating and addingCymbopogon narduscompared to commercial products. The method of making coconut oil was enzymatic and heated for about ten minutes. Analysis of VCO components after being heated and added citronella was carried out by using ultimate size difference, microscopic analysis, and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry compared with the commercial VCO product. The results showed that there was an intensity change in the similarity of ion fragments as well as microscopically and carbon content of more than 70%, hydrogen 10%. Separation of VCO components resulted in good separation among ethyl esters such as ethyl caprylate, ethyl laurate, and ethyl myristate detected for 30 minutes by gas chromatography and fragment ion similarity in mass spectrometry. Chemical components in commercial oils were lauric acid, ethyl laurate, glycerol tricaprylate, and vinyl decanoate.
Optimization of condition extraction in quantification of total flavonoid content in the seeds of the Arummanis (Mangifera indica L.) mango from Indonesia
Authors: Masturi  , Alighiri D , Nuzulina K , Rodhiyah M , Drastisianti A
Published: November 2019

Mangoes are an abundant local fruit. Mango seed is a biowaste material that only becomes an environmental problem. Therefore, a study was conducted to utilize one of the compounds contained in mango seeds particularly the seeds of the Arummanis (Mangifera indica L.) from Indonesia, namely flavonoids. One of the most optimum methods is used for extraction with a variety of solvents, namely ethanol, methanol, and hexane. Determination of total flavonoid content is based on the AlCl3 method with total flavonoids content expressed in QE (Quercetin equivalent) at a maximum wavelength of 425 nm. The results showed that the most optimal total flavonoid content was from ethanol extract with the reflux method of 3.234 mg QE/g extract.
The analysis of teacher’s ability in create lesson plans and student worksheet
Authors: Haryani S , Wardani S , Supardi K I , Prasetya A T
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyzed the ability of teachers in designing the lesson plan and student worksheet based on learning models of Curriculum 2013. A total of 8 people as subjects in this qualitative descriptive research. The ability to design lesson plans and student’s worksheet which prepared by subjects was analyzed using a particular assesment rubric. The performance of lesson plans preparation was generally weak in terms of writing preliminary and learning activities. The ability of give apperception in terms of connecting between the pre-requisite and the material to be studied was less attention. In the case of the writing of learning activities in student’s worksheet, 4 out of 8 subjects choosed discovery learning. The stimulus provided in worksheet still lacks opportunities for students to identify problems. PBL and PJBL models were selected by the rest of the subjects. The results were also not appropriate for writing for a student-oriented phase on issues for PBL and fundamental questions for PJBL. Another weakness was the ability to give students opportunities to construct their own knowledge through connecting observation data, video observation, or discussion activities. Some things that have been considered were the integration of character education development and literacy reading. Higher-order thinking (HOTs) still needs to be improved. In addition, the ability to understand the vastness and depth of the material, and learning strategies need to be improved better so that students were able to construct their knowledge.
An analysis of students conceptual understanding of submicroscopic level in solubility and solubility product constant (Ksp) using three-tier multiple choice test
Authors: Susilaningsih E , Alawiyah N , Sulistyaningsih T , Nada E I , Drastisianti A
Published: November 2019

This research aims to know the student’s conceptual understanding of the submicroscopic level using a three-tier multiple choice test with the help of multiple representation’s teaching material. This research used mix method with sequential explanatory strategies, and the research subject was students of Islamic senior high school (MA) Riyadlotut Thalabah, Rembang, Central Java, Indonesia which consists of the class of XI IPA 1, XI IPA 2, and XI IPA 3. The data collection technique used three-tier multiple choice test that most questions focus on the submicroscopic level. The result shows that the percentage of students’ Conceptual Understanding of Particulate Level on Solubility and Solubility Product Constant (Ksp) material was 15,14% for Scientific Knowledge(understand)category, misconception type 1 was 7,99%, misconception type 2 was 0,97%, misconception type 3 was 21,55%, lack of knowledge type 1 was 5,06 %, lack of knowledge type 2 was 0,36%, lack of knowledge type 3 was 46,03%, and for lucky guess was 2,86%.
Profile of students critical thinking skills on redox concept in SMA Negeri 8 Semarang
Authors: Dewi R K , Wardani S , Wijayati N
Published: November 2019

The following study was carried out as a preliminary investigation of students’ critical thinking skills after a learning process in redox reaction matter. The subject of this research was 36 students of science class grade XI school year 2018/2019 in SMA Negeri 8 Semarang. The data analysis technique in this research was done by calculation of the questionnaire results of students’ responses to the questions on redox material. Methods of data collection were done by observation, documentation, teacher interview, and student interview. The instruments of this study consisted of observation sheets, questionnaires, and interview sheets. The results showed that students’ critical thinking skills in redox material concept after learning process included in the category was low achievement. In advanced, we will develop efforts to improve students’ critical thinking skills at SMA Negeri 8 Semarang that will be done by applying creative learning models and use of learning media.
Analysis of student concept understanding on the material of buffer solution using three-tier test assisted by multiple representation teaching materials
Authors: Drastisianti A , Susilaningsih E , Wijayati N , Nada E I , Alawiyah N , Supartono
Published: November 2019

This research is a mix method research with the design of sequential explanatory strategy. This research aims to know and describe students’ conceptual understanding of buffer solution material and to get student response to teaching material of multiple representation buffers (macroscopic, submicroscopic, and symbolic). Research subjects were 114 students from eleven grade of natural science class (XI MIPA 3, XI MIPA 4, and XI MIPA 5), state senior high school 12 (SMA Negeri 12) Semarang, Indonesia, academic year 2017/2018. Quantitative data was collected through a diagnostic test in the form of three-tier multiple choice test totaling 20 items and questionnaires to find out the student’s response to multiple representation of teaching materials. Qualitative data is obtained by interview to confirm student answers. Multiple representation materials validated by three validators and received very excellent results with an average score of 190.33 from 212. The average score of the questionnaire was 30.026 with a proper category, and Alpha Cronbach reliability was 0.884. The results of this study indicate that the understanding of the concept of students on the material of buffer solution as much as 47.061% understand, 29.868% less understood, 12.763% misconception, and 10.307% do not understand.
A modified economic order quantity of vendor – buyer non-cooperative supply chain model for imperfect quantity and inspection error using the nash equilibrium concept
Authors: Setiawan R , Chrisnawati H E , Kuswardi Y
Published: November 2019

In this paper, the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) of two-level supply-chain systems has been analyzed using the Nash Equilibrium concept. In this paper, a two-echelon supply chain consisting of a single vendor and a single buyer that both under the non-cooperative strategy. A mathematical analysis method, which according to appropriate literature, data and recent research result, is used to determine the mathematical formula of expected individual total cost both vendor and buyer, expected total cost of inventory system and also EOQ of decision variables. The non-cooperative strategy is used by the vendor and buyer to gain their optimal revenue. Thereby, game theoretical solution which is Nash equilibrium concept is used to determine the economic order quantity of this system. In this study, several assumptions are considered like the existence of the imperfect quality product in the manufacturing process and inspection error (Type I and Type II) in buyer’s place. To the best of authors’knowledge, this is the first paper that deals with a game theoretical solution, which is especially Nash equilibrium, in probabilistic supply chain under the imperfect condition and inspection error
Customer satisfaction analysis based on service quality: case of local credit provider in Bali
Authors: Suciptawati N L P , Paramita N L P S P , Aristayasa I P
Published: November 2019

Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (LPD) or village credit institution is a financial institution that is only exists in Bali. LPDs had been developed to promote the local people economies by providing micro credits as well as to deposit their money. This paper is aimed to study the satisfaction of customers toward LPD’s services. A hundred and fifty customers of LPD Sidakarya that is located at Denpasar were purposive sampling selected as the respondents of the study on July 2017. The data were collected by applying self-organized questionnairé which its items were developed using 7 scale on Likerts’ measurement. The respondents were asked to value their expectation as well as their perception on five dimension of service quality i.e. tangible factor, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The study reveals tangible factor was perceived positively whilest the other determinants need to be improved.
Development of 3CM (cool-critical-creative-meaningful) learning model to increase creative thinking skill
Authors: Wahyudi  , Waluya S B , Suyitno H , Isnarto
Published: November 2019

This research aims to develop a 3CM learning model to support student to improve their creative thinking skills. The method used in this research was R&D with ASSURE development model consisting of six stages: 1) analyze learners, 2) state objectives, 3) select method, media, and materials, 4) utilize media and materials, 5) require learner participation, 6) evaluated and revise. The participants in the research is pre-service primary teacher students. Product validation was done through an expert’s assessment by using the expert’s validation sheet. The practicality of the product is tested with limited trials with college lecturers and some students with questionnaires and interviews. Product effectiveness was seen by implementing limited development testing to a particular class with a group pretest-posttest design and the result was analyzed by using a Paired-Samples T-Test. The result of this research is a 3CM learning model to support students’ to improve their creative thinking skills. The validity and practical of the learning model was proven by the result of the expert assessment in learning and limited test by peers and students in small group, material and instructional media. The effectiveness of the learning model was also proven based on Paired-Samples T-Test of students’ pretest and posttest.
Hierarchical Bayesian segmentation for piecewise stationary autoregressive model based on reversible jump MCMC
Authors: Suparman
Published: November 2019

This paper aims to decompose time series data in segments where many segments are unknown. The data in each segment is modeled as a stationary autoregressive where the model order is unknown. The model parameters include the number of segments, the location of segment changes, the order of each segment, and the autoregressive coefficients of each segment. The Bayesian method is used to estimate parameters, but Bayesian estimator cannot be calculated analytically. The Bayesian estimator is calculated using the reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm. The performance of the algorithm is tested using synthesis data. The simulation results show that the algorithm estimates the model parameters well.
Spectral theory for self-adjoint linear relation (SALR) on a Hilbert space and its application in homogenous abstract cauchy problem
Authors: Hariyanto S , Sari R K , Farikhin  , Sumanto Y D , Solikhin  , Aziz A
Published: November 2019

A spectral theory studies eigenvalues and eigenvectors of SALR on H. SALR on Hilbert space H is a linear relation satisfying A = A*. Many applications of SALR on quantum theory, such as the homogenous abstract Cauchy problem.If M is an operator that has an inverse then eigenvalues and eigenvectors are easily determined, but If M is an operator that does not have an inverse then eigenvalues and eigenvectors are quite difficult determined. One way that can be done is to use a linear relation. Furthermore, there are some properties of spectral theoryof linear operator that can not apply to SALR. This paper aims to give a spectral theory for SALR and its application in a homogenous abstract Cauchy problem.
Modified Stojkovic-Stanimirovic method to find redundant constrains in linear programming problems
Authors: Estiningsih Y , Farikhin  , Tjahjana R H
Published: November 2019

Important techniques in linear programming are modeling and solving practical optimization. A redundant constraint is a constraint that can be remove from a system of linear constraints without changing the feasible region. Method for identifying redundant constraints which in the process only uses the objective function and inequality constraints, i.e., Stojkovic-Stanimirovic method. In this paper we give a modified method of Stojkovic-Stanimirovic method to detect redundant constraints in linear programming problems. The advantages of employing the propose method is still to use the different objective function on linear programming associated the same feasible set have the same result. To clarify these method is given an example cannot be solve using detect Stojkovic-Stanimirovic method but can be solve using propose method.
Increasing number of clusters on fuzzy time series (fts) forecasting method
Authors: Ningrum R W , Surarso B , Farikhin
Published: November 2019

Determining the effective number of clusters can influence forecasting results in FTS method’s applications. Unfortunately, the issue of how many clusters should be used to improve forecasting results has not been touched in previous researches. We observe for some different number of clusters and compare its Root Mean Squared Errors (RMSEs) results. The numerical simulation using Jakarta Composite Index (IHSG) data and the forecasting results show that RMSEs value decrease when the number of clusters is increased. The RMSEs value drops significantly when n = 50 clusters are used.
Ant colony system algorithm for generalized trapezoidal fuzzy capacitated vehicle routing problem
Authors: Kusumawati R , Sahid  , Lestari A D
Published: November 2019

Traffic congestion causes late arrivals at customers and long travel times resulting in large transport costs. Traffic congestion also can result in the travel time of the vehicle from one place to another cannot be determined precisely even though the distance travelled is the same. In this paper, fuzzy capacitated vehicle routing problem (FCVRP) with travel time expressed by generalized trapezoidal fuzzy numbers is addressed. The fuzzy model is reduced to corresponding crisp one using fuzzy ranking method. Then, we propose ant colony system (ACS) algorithm with the status transition rule, global pheromone trail update and local pheromone trail update for constructing the optimal vehicle routes of the reduced problem. A numerical example of Bright gas 5.5 kg distribution is demonstrated to find the optimal solution of the proposed method. Travel time are obtained basing on real data measured by an electronic system at ten different times. The proposed method is simpler and more computationally efficient when compared to existing methods.