bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of the reactivity of cerebral energy metabolism in patients with vibration disease of various etiogenesis
Authors: Shevchenko Oxana I. , Lakhman Oleg L.
Published: June 2024

Introduction. A comparative assessment of the reactivity of cerebral energy metabolism (CEM) under stress will allow us to determine the features of the course of vibration disease (VD) caused by exposure to various types of vibration.
The study aims to consider the features of the reactivity of the cerebral energy metabolism (CEM) in patients with vibration disease, depending on the type of vibration exposure.
Materials and methods. The researchers studied the features of adaptation under stress using the method of neuroenergetic mapping (NEM) with measurement of the level of constant potential (LCP). Groups were formed: I (n=58) — patients with VD due to the effects of local vibration (VDloc), II (n=50) — with VD associated with the combined effects of local and general vibration (VDcomb), III (n=39) — a comparison group.
Results. The authors found that for patients with VDloc and VDcomb it is characterized by a rapid rigid reaction to physical and emotional stress. In patients with VD, regardless of the type of vibration exposure, there was a predominance of negative reactions of cerebral energy metabolism to physical activity compared with emotional activity. The restoration of cerebral energy metabolism in the post-hyperventilation period in the predominant number of patients has a disorder of autonomic autoregulation of the constancy of internal functions, which creates equal risks of the formation of comorbid pathology in both VDloc and VDcomb.
Limitations. The study is limited to a sample of patients, an integrated approach based on modern diagnostic methods, and the use of multidimensional exploratory analysis methods.
Conclusion. The results obtained substantiate the independence of the adaptive reactivity of cerebral energy metabolism from the type of vibration exposure and indicate the predominance of a rigid reaction variant characterizing the disorder of adaptive reactions according to the asthenic type.
Ethics. The examination of patients was conducted in accordance with the ethical standard of the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association "Ethical Principles of conducting scientific medical research with human participation" as amended in 2000 and the "Rules of Good Clinical Practice" (approved by Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 200n on 04/01/2016). All the surveyed signed an informed consent to participate in the study. There is a conclusion of the local Ethics Committee (Protocol No. 5 dated 03/21/2023).
Hygienic assessment of atmospheric migration of sulfur contained in waste from processing of ores of non-ferrous and precious metals
Authors: Ogudov Aleksandr S. , Novikova Irina I. , Chuenko Natalia F. , Kozyreva Fatima U. , Bokareva Natalia A.
Published: June 2024

Introduction. The development of methodological approaches to the hygienic assessment of waste disposal facilities for processing non-ferrous and precious metals ores as sources of atmospheric air pollution is of undoubted interest for preventive toxicology and environmental hygiene.
The study aims to develop methodological approaches to the hygienic assessment of waste disposal facilities for processing non-ferrous and precious metals ores as sources of atmospheric air pollution.
Materials and methods. The article describes the conduct of a full-scale simulation of emissions of sulfur compounds from sulfide-containing waste into the atmosphere using waste samples weighing 1.0 kg, heated to temperatures of 25, 33 and 40°C. The scientists determined the concentrations of pollutants using the GANK-4 gas analyzer. When studying atmospheric pollution, the researchers used the method of subfactual observations. The object of the study was the Komsomolsk tailings dump, Kemerovo region. The statistical analysis was carried out using Statistica 10.0 application programs.
Results. The leading components of atmospheric emissions and pollution in the area of a sulfide–containing tailings pond are dimethyl sulfide and dimethyl sulfoxide, the maximum concentrations of which at a distance of 300 m from the source in 7.1–6.4% of samples exceeded hygienic standards and reached 0.567 mg/m3 and 0.638 mg/m3, respectively.
Limitations. The limitations of the study are related to the modeling of emissions and the assessment of the accumulation in the surface layer of the atmosphere of mixtures of sulfur compounds in the area of the tailings of the gold recovery plant in the summer, which limits the possibility of obtaining generalized ideas about the environmental hazards of all possible types of sulfide-containing waste storage facilities at different times of the year.
Conclusion. The conducted research made it possible to identify sulfur compounds subject to control; assess the power of the source and the specifics of zonal atmospheric pollution; identify factors contributing to the spread and accumulation of vapor-gas mixtures in the surface layer of the atmosphere; formulate promising ways to reduce the accumulation of sulfide-containing waste and prevent their negative impact on the environment and public health.
Ethics. The conduct of this study did not require the conclusion of the Ethics Committee.
The phenomenon of the Russian imperial idea: modern native historiography
Authors: Chemshit Alexandr , Skrebets Elena , Matveyeva Yanina
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the historiographic analysis of one of the main directions of political discourse in modern Russia, which substantiates the return of the imperial model of statehood as one of the leading political projects. The objects of consideration were the various points of view and approaches of Russia researches to the concept of “empire”, as well as the comprehension and legitimation of the “imperial project” in Russia historiosophical and political thought. The main versions of the imperial organization of society are outlined, including the “projects of the “liberal empire”, the “Roman idea of a single space”, “the project of the continental empire”, “gathering an empire in a neo-Eurasian version”, “Russian nationalist project”, “semi-period empire Russia”, “energy empire - Russia”. The authors come to the conclusion about the emergence and formation of a special branch of knowledge - imperiology.
Results of using modern feed means in animal husbandry and poultry farming
Authors:   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Slozhenkina M.I. , Mosolov A.A. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Struk A.N. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Seidavi Alireza ,   Islamic Azad University, Knyazhechenko O.A. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Gromova A.O. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production
Published: June 2024

Purpose. Study and formation of new approaches in the development and justification of principles, methods and algorithms for the production of livestock products without the use of feed antibiotics. Materials and Methods. The objects of the study were: broiler chickens of the Ross 308 cross, quails of the Estonian breed, hybrid rabbits, sheep of the Edilbaev breed, laboratory rats and developed feed additives. During the research, all experiments were conducted taking into account the principles of bioethics. The research was carried out using standardized methods in accredited laboratories. The reliability of the results is confirmed by their processing by statistical methods. Discussion. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the studied feed additives have a positive effect. Scientific and practical experiments have confirmed their effectiveness in feeding poultry and rabbits, and experimentally proved a stimulating and stabilizing effect on the body of the animals and poultry, which contributed to an increase in resistance, meat productivity and, as a result, the production of safe livestock raw materials. Conclusion. According to the results of the conducted studies, the expediency of using various plant extracts and bioflavonoids, feed additives containing alpha-monolaurin and a complex of organic acids, lactulose-based prebiotics in the cultivation of farm animals and poultry has been experimentally confirmed.
Genetic markers of meat productivity of the Kalmyk sheep breed
Authors:   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Karpenko E.V. , Savelieva A.A. ,   Volgograd State University, Tserenov I.V. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production
Published: June 2024

Purpose. Identification of genes that control meat productivity and quality of reproduction of sheep using the example of the Kalmyk fat-tailed breed. Materials and Methods. The following main methods were used in the process of performing the work: analysis, classification, specification, synthesis, generalization, as well as the resources of the search engines PubMed and eLIBRARY. Discussion. The work examines the issues of detecting molecular genetic markers responsible for the breeding value of small ruminants. The genes responsible for meat productivity and methods of their analysis are examined in detail. Conclusion. During the literature review, many candidate genes were identified that correlate with meat productivity, but from this set the more studied ones were identified: BMPR-IV, MSTN, CAPN1, GDF9, CAST, GH.
Endovenous Laser Ablation in current practice (2024): Technical notes and the total-EVLA concept.
Authors: Palombi Luca , Morelli Monica , Antignai Pier Luigi
Published: June 2024

Today, thermoablative techniques represent, in accordance with international guidelines, the most used methods in the treatment of varicose veins (Great Saphenous Vein, Small Saphenous Vein, Anterior Accessory Saphenous Vein). In endovenous thermal ablation (EVTA) permanent vein occlusion is caused by energy-induced thermal damage of the endothelium, followed by subsequent fibrosis. The main wavelengths used in the field of venous insufficiency are included in the spectrum between 500 nm and 2000 nm. The advantage of the new generation lasers (>1900 nm diode lasers) is that allow to obtain a complete damage to the vein wall using a lower Power Watts (PW) and a lower linear energy density (LEED, J/cm) due to the greater absorption coefficient. Over the years, also different types of laser fibers have been developed to perform laser ablation treatment. Among the different types we can include the following: Bare fibers, Tulip fibers, NeverTouch “jacket” fibers, Mono-Ring fibers, Double Ring fibers and the new Infinite Fibers. Actually, the major varicose tributaries as well as the saphenous veins can be treated by EVLA. In our experience total-EVLA technique has proven to be safe and effective. It can therefore be a weapon to add in the ablative treatment of varicose veins.
Mixture Multilevel SEM versus Multilevel SEM for comparing structural relations across groups in presence of measurement non-invariance
Authors: Zhao Hongwei , Vermunt Jeroen , De Roover Kim
Published: June 2024

Structural equation modeling (SEM) is commonly used to explore relationships between latent variables, such as beliefs and attitudes. However, comparing structural relations across a large number of groups, such as countries, can be challenging. Existing SEM approaches may fall short, especially when measurement non-invariance is present. In this project, we propose Mixture Multilevel SEM (MixML-SEM), a novel approach to comparing relationships between latent variables across many groups. MixML-SEM gathers groups with the same structural relations in a cluster, while accounting for measurement non-invariance in a parsimonious way by means of random effects. Specifically, MixML-SEM captures measurement non-invariance using multilevel CFA and, then, it estimates the structural relations and mixture clustering of the groups by means of the structural-after-measurement (SAM) approach. In this way, MixML-SEM ensures that the clustering is focused on structural relations and unaffected by differences in measurement. In contrast, multilevel SEM estimates measurement and structural models simultaneously, and both with random effects. If desired, a post-hoc clustering can be applied to the group-specific regression estimates derived from the random effects. In comparison to ML-SEM, MixML-SEM proves particularly advantageous when small groups are combined with large groups. This is because combining information from multiple groups within a cluster leads to more accurate estimates of the structural relations, whereas, in case of ML-SEM, these estimates are affected by shrinking. We demonstrate the advantages of MixML-SEM through simulations and an empirical example on how social pressure to be happy relates to life satisfaction.
Impacts of Climate Change on Farm Based Livelihood: A Study of Panchkhal
Authors: Maharjan Ram Krishna
Published: June 2024

Agriculture serves as the mainstay of Nepal's economy, sustaining livelihoods for a significant portion of the population and contributing substantially to Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This study conducted in Panchkhal Municipality of Kavrepalanchok district, employed a qualitative approach of research to explore lived experience of farmers regarding the impacts of climate change on their livelihoods. Through the use of both primary and secondary data, the research finds that climate change has caused a number of problems for the farmers in Panchkhal, such as reduced water availability due to drying up of small streams and disappearance of springs affecting the rain-fed farming. Additionally, farmers grapple with rising incidences of pests and diseases in crops, health problems associated with pesticide use, lower productivity, flooding, and a move away from farming. The two biggest effects that stood out among them were the scarcity of water and the increase in diseases and pests in crops. The study also underscores farmers' heightened awareness of climate change impacts and extreme weather events with a particular emphasis on the perceptible decrease in rainfall frequency and volume, along with delayed monsoon onset.
बदलिँदो राजनीति र राष्ट्रिय मुद्दाहरू
Authors: खरेल अश्वस्थामा भक्त
Published: June 2024

पत्रकारिता राज्य व्यवस्थाका लागि पहरेदारको विषय हो । यसमा को कति सफल र असफल भए ? पेसामा लाग्नेहरु आफैले मूल्याङ्कन गर्ने विषय हो । सफल हुनु भनेको मनग्य धनोपार्जन होइन, पत्रकारितामा निरन्तरता हो । धनोपार्जन क्षणिक हुन्छ । धनकमाउनका लागि पत्रकारितामा पसेकाहरु सफल हुन नसकेपछि पेसा परिवर्तन गर्न पुग्दछन् । तर जो मनदेखि पत्रकारिता पेसामाछिरेका हुन्छन्, उनीहरु आजीवन विद्यार्थी र यात्रीको रुपमा आफ्नो पेसामा रमाइरहेका हुन्छन् । अथक परिश्रमले नै सफलतादिन्छ । पत्रकारितामा लाग्ने पत्रकारहरु विचार पक्षमा अलग अलग धारणा भए पनि पेसागत विषयमा एक हुनुपर्दछ । पत्रकारहरुएक भएनन् भने राजनीतिक दल र सरकारले तिनीहरुलाई फुटाउँदछन् । पत्रकारहरु समाजका आँखा हुन् । आँखामा फूलो प¥योभने राम्ररी देख्न सकिंदैन । यसैले पत्रकारहरुले आँखामा फूलो पार्ने कार्य गर्नु हु“दैन । जसका कारण समाज धमिलि“दै जान्छ रराष्ट्रिय मुद्दाहरु पनि ओझेलमा पर्दछन् । पत्रकारहरु कसैको दास हुनुहु“दैन । आचारसंहिता र कानुनको पालना गर्ने उदाहरणीयकार्य पत्रकारिताले गर्न सकेको खण्डमा सबैको वाहवाही पाउने अवस्था रहन्छ ।
Cost-effectiveness of antihypertensives: A major factor for clinical decision making
Authors: Paudel Sabita , Adhikari Sudeshana
Published: June 2024

The cost study of antihypertensive therapy is essential because hypertension is one of the major chronic illnesses causing economic burden to the patients. The expense associated with chronic illnesses like hypertension raises concerns because patients often need long-term medication, often requiring multiple drugs simultaneously. The cost-effectiveness analyses of antihypertensive medications are necessary to determine the most economical treatment options. Since protocols and circumstances vary across settings, such analyses must be conducted to ensure applicability in diverse scenarios.
Frontier molecular orbitals, MEP, NBO, and vibrational spectra of Mesalamine: A first principle study from DFT and molecular docking approaches
Authors: Chaudhary Manoj Kumar , Pandey Sudip , Tandon Poonam
Published: June 2024

The main purpose of this work is to investigate the structural, electronic, and vibrational features of mesalamine (C7H7NO3) from density functional theory (DFT) approach. The optimized structure has been obtained from DFT calculation by using the functional B3LYP/ 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. The spectroscopic feature (FT-IR and FT-Raman) of the investigated compound has been calculated from the same level of theory. The molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) analysis is used to identify the distribution of charge around the compound. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) have been studied and their energy gap (∆EL-H) L is used to study the chemical potential (μ), hardness (n), softness (S) and electrofilicity index (ω) of the molecule. The electron transfer property has been scrutinized from natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. Additionally, molecular docking was carried out to identify binding sites and the binding behavior of the ligand with a predicted target protein (Carbonic anhydrase II).
Evaluation of antioxidant, antibacterial and antidiabetic activities of different parts of Litsea polyantha extracts
Authors: Bhattarai Sumana , Sharma Khaga Raj
Published: June 2024

The genus Litsea consists of about 700 species of evergreen trees or shrubs and is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical countries of the world. Litsea polyantha is used in traditional medicine around the world to cure a variety of illnesses such as influenza, diarrhea, stomach aches, diabetes, vomiting, and central nervous system. The antioxidant, antibacterial, and antihyperglycemic activity of Litsea polyantha were investigated. The antioxidant activity was performed by DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay, and hyperglycemic activity was performed by α-amylase inhibition. The toxicity of plant extracts was assessed by brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA) using Artemia salina as a biological test organism. The total phenolic content was found high in bark extract 182.49 ± 8.18 mg GAE/g and the total flavonoid content was found maximum in the same bark extract 71.23±2.68 mg QE/g. Bark extract and leaf extract showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity with an IC50 of 36.06±2.94 μg/mL and 20.46±1.05 μg/mL. For a methanolic extract of bark, ZOI was observed as 14±0.58 mm, 13±3.18 mm, and 11±0.33 mm against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae. Similarly, for leaf, root, and stem extract ZOI was observed 10 ± 0.57 mm, 11 ± 0.67 mm, and 9 ± 0.58 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, E. Coli, and Bacillus subtilis. Bark extract and leaf extract had IC50 of 0.72±0.03 mg/mL and 2.40±0.02 mg/mL respectively. The LC50 of 835.35 μg/mL for the root extract of Litsea polyantha was shown to be toxic against brine shrimp. This study showed the different parts of Litsea polyantha are rich sources of phenolic and flavonoid content and the potential natural antioxidant and antidiabetic compounds that could be isolated
Exploring Dalit Characters and their (Imposed) Professions in Dulal’s Gahugoro Africā
Authors: Magarati Shyam Lal
Published: June 2024

This paper presents Dalits of Nepal as Africans as represented in the poem Gahugoro Africā by Bishowbhakta Dulal. Dalits are primarily artisans who engage in various tasks such as crafting temple idols, cobbling shoes, plough fields, sweeping streets, and playing musical instruments like the lyre and tum-tum. Despite their skillful performance, as expected by the so-called upper caste people, they are neither adequately paid nor decently treated. Instead, they are often hated, humiliated, discriminated, exploited and traumatized in the society. Therefore, this paper aims at exploring the predicaments of the Dalit characters and their imposed professions as depicted in the primary text. The research is significant due to its focus on the inhuman treatment and miserable existence of Dalits in the same society. The exploration of diverse cultures and cultural practices is valuable to academia. The research is conducted using a library-based qualitative approach, utilizing relevant texts and sources to analyze the representation of Dalit characters and their professions. The researcher has implemented cultural studies perspective using Stuart Hall’s ideas of representation as the main theoretical parameters and Ambedkar, Pandey and Ghurye’s ideas of caste discrimination and untouchable practices as supporting tools. The text Gahugoro Africa was chosen purposively and the data were collected by text information, description and record keeping. Dalits: Kami, Sarki, Damai, Cyame, Badi, Gaine and Mushahar are considered untouchables and distanced in Nepali society though they have been playing productive roles through their imposed professions. So, the speaker in the poem strictly demands freedom from every type of shackle of discrimination and 36 untouchable practices. Freedom from such evil practice is inevitable for Dalits in human civilization and it is the representative voice of Dalits.
Employee Engagement in Nepalese Commercial Banks: A Focused Group Discussion Analysis
Authors: Kharel Shreekrishna , Niraula Ganesh Prasad , Mainali Bhawani Prasad
Published: June 2024

Many organizations around the world have been dealing with issues related to employee altruism, fatigue, and burnout in the twenty-first century. In order to address the issues, all organizations strive to increase the cognitive, physical, and emotional engagement of their workforce. So, this study aims to investigate the Employee Engagement in Nepali Commercial Banks: A Focused Group Discussion Analysis in order to address this issue. This research is descriptive and based on the previous research findings applying the Focused Group Discussion technique of sampling under qualitative research assumption. The employees' engagement domains vigor, dedication and absorption have been found positive. Similarly, the availability, safety and meaningfulness all had positive impact on employees' engagement in the Nepali commercial banks. This study is primarily based on qualitative analysis by taking the views of employees using FGD of the participants of commercial banks in the three districts of Kathmandu Valley. Researchers and company executives looking to learn more about the types and level of engagement activities going on in Nepali commercial banks find this study 64 to be useful. This research may be the first of its kind in the context of Nepali commercial bank.
Use of Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) and Robustly Optimized Bert Pretraining Approach (RoBERTa) for Nepali News Classification
Authors: Nemkul Kriti
Published: June 2024

News classification is a technique of classifying news documents into predefined groups. One of the earliest problems in Natural Language Processing was the categorization of news. Huge number of news is generated from different news portals each day and it is difficult to consign the specific types of news from that portal. News must be assigned into respective appropriate classes as users want to read certain type of news automatically as per the need. Text classification has been done by using different machine learning algorithm like Support Vector Machine (SVM), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). However, Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) and Robustly Optimized Bert Pretraining Approach (RoBERTa) have not been fully scrutinized for Nepali news classification tasks. This research develops two models for Nepali news classification namely BERT and RoBERTa by collecting news data from various national news portals. Precision, Recall, F1 score and accuracy are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the model. Both models are trained and tested with AdamW optimizer with learning rate 1e-5 i.e., 0.0001. While comparing both models, RoBERTa found to be better than BERT model with accuracy 95.3 percent.
ANALYTICAL SUPPORT OF MANAGEMENT OF BUSINESS PROCESSES OF ECONOMIC ENTITIES
Authors: Budko Oksana , Snimshchikov Andrii
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the article is to study the organizational and methodological principles of conducting business process analysis at enterprises and to find the most effective methods for making reasonable management decisions. The essence of business processes and their characteristics (effectiveness, repeatability, consistency, immutability, flexibility, duration, cost, efficiency) have been established. Classification groups of business processes are highlighted. Indicators that measure business processes (cost, technical, quality indicators) are characterized. The essence of the methods of analysis (qualitative and quantitative), which are expedient to use when evaluating business processes, is revealed. The essence of the visual analysis of the graphic diagram of the process is revealed. The necessity and advantages of using the ranking method have been determined. The peculiarities of the application of the SWOT analysis method of business processes are revealed, which, depending on the assessment needs, can be quantitative, qualitative and correlational. Its advantages and disadvantages are determined. Methods of process continuity analysis, business process compliance analysis, and business process automation potential analysis are described. The peculiarities of quantitative analysis methods are highlighted, in particular, the method of evaluating business process efficiency indicators and the indicators of the created product, analysis of the results of simulation modeling, ABC analysis. The stages of evaluating the effectiveness of business processes are defined (determining the goals of evaluating the effectiveness of business processes; choosing a methodology for evaluating effectiveness and forming a system of indicators; collecting data for conducting an evaluation of effectiveness; calculating performance indicators; analyzing the received data). The importance of calculating and analyzing indicators of financial and economic activity when using this method is indicated. The possibilities of analysis of simulation modeling by types (discrete-event modeling, system dynamics, agent modeling) are considered. The advantages of using the ABC analysis method for cost analysis of resources by groups are revealed. Identified problems, the solution of which contributes to the considered methods.
Microstructural Characterization and Creep Properties of Cast Nb, Zr-Modified HP Steels
Authors: Martins Fernando B. , Martins Marcelo , Totten George E. , Fernandes Frederico A.P. , Casteletti Luiz C.
Published: June 2024

The microstructure of 25Cr-35Ni-0.4C refractory steels consists of an austenitic matrix and eutectic carbides precipitated in the interdendritic regions. In-depth studies of the morphology and chemical composition of these carbides are extremely important for industry, since the microstructural components of these steels are responsible for their hot mechanical properties. In this context, the microstructural characterization of ASTM A297 Grade HP 40 steels modified with niobium and zirconium is using scanning electron microscopy, microanalysis and X-ray diffraction, and determination of the time to rupture at 1100ºC under a constant stress of 17 MPa is reported here.
Method for Accurate Surface Temperature Measurements during Fast Induction Heating
Authors: Larregain Benjamin , Vanderesse Nicolas , Bridier Florent , Bocher Philippe , Arkinson Patrick
Published: June 2024

A robust method is proposed for the measurement of surface temperature fields during induction heating. It is based on the original coupling of temperature indicating lacquers and a high-speed camera system. Image analysis tools have been implemented to automatically extract the temporal evolution of isotherms. This method was applied to the fast induction treatment of a 4340 steel spur gear, allowing the full history of surface isotherms to be accurately documented for a sequential heating, i.e., a medium frequency pre-heating followed by a high frequency final heating. Three isotherms, 704°C, 816°C, and 927°C, were acquired every 0.3 ms with a spatial resolution of 0.04 mm per pixel. The information provided by the method is described and discussed. Finally, the transformation temperature Ac1 is linked to the temperature on specific locations of the gear tooth.
New Heat Treatment Temperatures for HR-120TM Alloy
Authors: Covarrubia Octavio , Colas Rafael
Published: June 2024

HR-120TM alloy is a Ni-Fe-Cr alloy designed to have high strength at elevated temperature and resistance to attack in carburizing and sulfidizing environments. Applications for this alloy include components to be assembled in combustion turbines for power generation. Some of these components can be manufactured by ring-rolling procedures followed by heat treating operations. Typically, HR-120TM alloy is heat-treated in a temperature range of 1175 to 1230°C in order to promote microstructure homogenization and dissolution of heavy precipitates. An inconvenience of such heat-treating temperature range is related to excessive grain-size coarsening of wrought parts. This work presents the results of a series of heat-treatment procedures performed on seamless rings produced by ring-rolling considering industrial conditions. Lower heat-treatment temperatures are considered for evaluation of mechanical and microstructural properties. It is reported that an excellent combination of mechanical properties and microstructural characteristics is obtained when alloy is exposed to 1050°C for soaking periods above 30 minutes.
Austempered Materials for Powertrain Applications
Authors: Lefevre Justin , Hayrynen Kathy L.
Published: June 2024

Austempered irons and steels offer the design engineer alternatives to conventional material/process combinations. Depending on the material and the application, Austempering may provide the following benefits to producers of powertrain components like gears and shafts: ease of manufacturing, increased bending and/or contact fatigue strength, better wear resistance and enhanced dampening characteristics resulting in lower noise. Austempered materials have been used to improve the performance of powertrain components in numerous applications for a wide range of industries, from gears and shafts to clutch plates and crankshafts. This paper focuses on Austempered solutions for powertrain applications with an emphasis on gear and shaft solutions.
Adoption of Automation and Process Control in a Job Shop
Authors: Benoit Tom
Published: June 2024

Flame Treating was founded in 1940 by three Union Carbide employees to provide flame hardening services to the machine tool and capital equipment industry in the Connecticut River Valley. The market generally ran from Bridgeport to Providence and from New Haven to Springfield, VT with occasional opportunities in Worcester and the North Shore of Massachusetts. In 1956 the company purchased the first of its induction machines and expanded the services to induction hardening.
Recent Inventions and Innovations in Induction Hardening of Gears and Gear-Like Components
Authors: Rudnev Valery
Published: June 2024

In recent years, gear manufacturers have obtained comprehensive understanding about how technology can be used to produce quality gears. The application of this knowledge has resulted in gears that are quieter, lighter, and lower cost, and have an increased load-carrying capacity to handle higher speeds and torques while generating a minimum amount of heat, dramatically reducing distortion and requiring minimum or no post grinding.
Heat Transfer Properties of a Series of Oxidized and Unoxidized Vegetable Oils in Comparison with Petroleum Oil-Based Quenchants
Authors: Souza Ester Carvalho de , Canale Lauralice C.F. , Sarmiento G. Sánchez , Agaliotis Eliana , Carrara Juan C. , Schicchi Diego S. , Totten George E.
Published: June 2024

Vegetable oils, especially soybean oil, exhibit substantially poorer thermal-oxidative stability than commercially available petroleum oil quenchant formulations. Therefore, to achieve any commercially interesting performance vegetable oils must be stabilized by the addition of antioxidant inhibitors. This work describes the ability of two commercially available antioxidants, Irganox L 57 and Irganox L 109 to stabilize soybean oil against thermal-oxidative degradation. In addition, the effect of antioxidant stabilization on quenching performance was evaluated by determining the profile of heat transfer coefficient variation throughout the quenching process at different times after being subjected to an accelerated thermal-oxidation ageing test. The results of this work are discussed here.
The Vacuum Heat Treatment of Titanium Alloys for Commercial Airframes
Authors: Hill Robert
Published: June 2024

Aeronautical engineers are consistently searching for new and optimal materials to achieve specific applications throughout an airframe. There are a multitude of considerations affecting the structural design of an aircraft such as the complexity of the load distribution through a redundant structure, the large number of intricate systems required in an airplane and the operating environment of that airframe. All of the above criteria is governed primarily by weight savings. Thus, the optimal materials selected today and for the future of airframes are composite material and titanium.
The Evolution of “High Tech” Vacuum Furnaces
Authors: Huckins Robert M.
Published: June 2024

Today’s “high tech” vacuum furnaces have evolved significantly as advancements in materials, controls, and process technologies have progressed. These furnaces were developed to enhance metallurgical quality, improve braze quality, reduce inter-granular oxide formation, and provide better control over heating and quenching processes. Since the introduction of the first vacuum furnace for brazing in the late 1950s and early 1960s, continuous improvements over the past 50 years have led to the development of the most advanced vacuum furnaces available today. A “high tech” vacuum furnace utilizes cutting-edge materials, innovative designs, sophisticated control systems, and advanced features to deliver high performance, efficiency, and productivity, all while maintaining low utility and maintenance costs.
PyDataBibPub: script en Python para automatizar la descarga de datos de bibliotecas públicas de España desarrollado con ChatGPT 3.5
Authors:   Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Lázaro-Rodríguez Pedro
Published: June 2024

This paper presents PyDataBibPub, a Python script to automate the downloading of Spanish public libraries data available on the webpage Bibliotecas públicas españolas en cifras. The script was written using ChatGPT 3.5 and the papers includes an exposition of its parts and how it works. PyDataBibPub and its code are available in a project in Codeberg licensed under the GNU Affero General Public License v3.0, so that it can be reused, adapted and improved. For the future, it is proposed the installation of alternatives to ChatGPT 3.5, such as PrivateGPT, which works locally, privately and not depending on commercial companies, with the aim of developing more applications useful for the discipline of Library and Information Science.
Artificial intelligence in management, control, and data processing systems. Proceedings of the II All-Russian scientific conference (Moscow, April 27–28, 2023) : In 5 volumes. – Moscow, Publishing House «KDU», 2024. – Volume 4. – 488 p.
Authors: Гапанюк Ю.Е.
Published: June 2024

The publication is the fourth volume of the proceedings of the II All-Russian Scientific Conference IIASU'23 «Artificial Intelligence in Management, Control, and Data Processing Systems», held at the Bauman Moscow State Technical University, April 27–28, 2023. The conference discussed a wide range of issues related to the use of models, methods, tools, and artificial intelligence systems in computer-assisted management, automatic control, and data processing systems. The volume includes materials from the sections: «Consciousness, goal-setting, and ethics in technical systems», «Artificial intelligence in economic management», «Business analytics», «Graph processing», «Digital twins», «Corporate management systems», «Intelligent control systems», «Informational interaction in social networks», «Storage and stream data processing systems», «Networks, telecommunications, and the Internet of Things», «Software infrastructure», and «Hardware equipment». The publication is intended for students, graduate students, researchers, and professionals in the fields of artificial intelligence, computer-assisted management systems, automatic control systems, and data processing systems.
Directions of monitoring the financial activities of agricultural sector enterprises under martial law
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Bodnar Olena
Published: June 2024

Methodological provisions for monitoring the financial activities of agricultural enterprises in conditions of martial law are systematized, defining its main directions; the main indicators for assessing the financial stability of agricultural enterprises are presented, and the identification of threats to the financial interests of enterprises is proposed
Problems and prospects of bank crediting of agricultural enterprises in the context of food security
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Burkovska A. , KALNAUZ D. ,   RU PrivatBank JSC CB
Published: June 2024

The role of agricultural sector enterprises in ensuring food security is indicated, the main existing problems of bank lending to agricultural enterprises are highlighted, promising directions of bank lending to agricultural producers for their effective functioning and ensuring food security of the country are outlined.
The state mechanism for ensuring food security in the conditions of martial law
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, PAVLYSHYN �.
Published: June 2024

The paper presents the components of the mechanism of state provision of food security, namely: development of the domestic food industry and agro-industrial complex of the economy, harmonization of Ukrainian legislation with EU norms, priority of development of domestic producers and creation of high-tech production of goods, balance of interests of the state and business, development of food market infrastructure, safety control and export of goods with a high share of added value.
The role of communal enterprises in the formation of food self-sufficiency of communities
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Klyuchnik A.
Published: June 2024

The article examines the problems of forming food self-sufficiency of communities in the conditions of war. The role of utility companies in solving the specified problem is defined and substantiated. It is proven that these enterprises are key in providing access to quality food products, creating jobs and developing the agricultural sector. Unfortunately, these entities do not have the opportunity to take advantage of all the advantages of state support and are not included in the list of grant recipients. In connection with this and all the challenges of wartime, the need to include communal enterprises in the list of entities that can receive state aid for the development of agriculture has been proven.
Fomento de la Innovación Social: La España vaciada
Authors: Guerra Guerra Alicia , Flores Polán Mª Gema
Published: June 2024

The current zeal for Social Innovation (SI) is due to its potential for socio-economic betterment. However, this transformative power requires knowing that the solution to a local social problem is found more easily in the very territory in which it appears. Moreover, promoting SI requires starting from the point of understanding the place difference it affects; that is to say, the historical and cultural features that make up its character. This means advising against replicating successful models or practices of public policies in other territories. Since SI research must do more work along these lines, a methodological pathway is here identified, with a strong technological component, which provides this territorial identity. Its viability is shown by focusing on one of the least developed areas of the country with the most pressing need for SI, the area known as empty Spain, and specifically, the part most affected: Extremadura. The results confirm this approach and methodology.
Construction Technologies for Ensuring Radon Safety of Buildings
Authors: RIMSHIN V.I. , KALAYDO A.V. , SEMENOVA M.N. , BORSCH V.A.
Published: June 2024

Ionizing radiation, continuously affecting a person, forms an annual individual effective dose of radiation. The value of this dose is proportional to the probability of the irradiated cancer in the future and therefore should be reduced to a minimum reasonable value. Daughter products of radon decay in indoor air make the greatest contribution to the irradiation of the population, while almost all radon enters the building from the ground base. To create a radiation-safe internal environment, it is necessary to block the ways of radon transfer through underground enclosing structures, which is possible only by means and technologies of construction. The reason for the increased concentration of radon in the air of buildings of these territories is most often the appearance of uranium-containing soils on the surface, as well as the presence of zones with active microgeodynamics. Nevertheless, as the research results show, the absence of these factors does not guarantee a favorable radon situation in the buildings of the region. This assumption follows from the results of the monitoring of radon levels in buildings in Lugansk carried out by the staff of the Research Institute of Building Physics of the RAASC, which showed a high radon hazard of buildings in one of the urban areas. At the same time, gamma-spectrometric analysis of soils from all four districts did not reveal statistically significant differences in their specific activity. All the values obtained were close to the global average and amounted to about 30 Bq/kg. The article describes the most common approaches to solving this problem and substantiates the advantages of passive radon protection technologies.
"Dance and Make Revels"
Authors: Braun Fionnuala
Published: June 2024

Did prostitutes in medieval London have agency? This paper examines a new transcription of a medieval chancery bill concerning a woman accused of dressing in men's clothing and attempting to seduce a merchant at Hanse precinct in London. Rather than assessing this accusation as a potential expression of identity, this paper assesses Joan White's use of male clothing as a method of asserting limited agency over the lived experience of a medieval prostitute. By drawing on the work of Veronica Franco, another medieval courtesan, whose writings also suggest that she was accessing a certain type of agency, this article posits that while participants in the medieval sex trade did not necessarily have agency, they were able to access an "economy of makeshift" through which they could create limited facets of agency for themselves.
Corpus-based research on the spelling of the Ukrainian capital in Austrian print media
Authors: Vasylchenko Olena , Verbytska Tetjana
Published: June 2024

In 2018, under the hashtag #KyivNotKiev, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine launched an initiative to promote the spelling of the Ukrainian capital internationally and to promote the independence of Ukrainian identity and language. In this article, we will look at how the spelling of the Ukrainian capital has changed in the Austrian print media over the past 10 years. The aim of this article is to establish the number of instances of the Ukrainian transcription Kyjiw in the Austrian print media. The data for the analysis was obtained from a large digital collection of texts provided by the Austrian Media Corpus. The Austrian Media Corpus (amc) is a textual database that makes almost all Austrian print media from the last decades available for linguistic research. The AMC makes it possible to observe Austrian Standard German using large corpora over a longer period of time and to research and document language development in Austrian Standard German on the basis of comprehensive empirical corpus linguistic data. National and regional daily and weekly newspapers, all major Austrian magazines and newspapers are part of the AMC. In our study, the corpus is searched for the tokens Kyjiw, Kyiw and Kiew which would correspond to the German spelling. After the data had been filtered according to the basic populations “word”, “mediatype” and “year”, they were listed in the AMC's concordance. The frequency of use of the spellings Kyjiw, Kyiw and Kiew can thus be determined, recorded in the tablesand displayed in the line charts. It is assumed that the deliberate use of Ukrainian transcriptions of city names in German-language print media would symbolise solidarity with Ukrainians whose identity is directly linked to the Ukrainian language.
Theoretical assessment of the distribution of dynamic interaction forces of the "rolling stock-track" system along the length of subway railway switches
Authors: Oliynyk Olena , Boiko Volodymyr , Molchanov Vitalii , Soroka Olha
Published: June 2024

One of the peculiarities for switch operation is the increased level of force interaction between the bearing elements of the switch and the rolling stock chassis, which causes increased requirements for strength, stability, reliability and durability of switches. Accordingly, to assess the strength of structures, it is necessary to know the magnitude of the forces acting on them, which can be determined experimentally or by theoretical calculations. In the case of tunnel sections of subways, experimental studies are extremely difficult to organize and conduct, so only theoretical methods are an alternative. This study presents the results of theoretical calculations of the elastic-dynamic characteristics for railway switches used in tunnel sections of subways. Practical calculations of the stiffness of rail threads and the modulus of elasticity of the sub-rail base were performed, and dependencies of the distribution of elastic-dynamic parameters along the length of railway switches were obtained. On their basis, the forces of interaction with the subway rolling stock were determined and their distribution along the length of the railway switch was analyzed. The obtained data can serve as a prerequisite for checking the strength of structural elements.
Trends and preconditions for widespread adoption of liquefied natural gas in maritime transport
Authors: Petrychenko Olga , Levinskyi Maksym
Published: June 2024

The need for sustainable and environmentally friendly maritime transport and the introduction of International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulations on ship emissions have led to the search for a new type of marine fuel. Today, liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a marine fuel is an attractive, potential and technically feasible option for new ships that are being built to comply with air pollution regulations. The aim of the work was to analyze the prospects for the use of LNG as a marine fuel. The set task was achieved by studying the current state of LNG shipping, analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of different types of fuels, and studying the dominant segments of LNG ships. The implementation of LNG on board ships is carried out along with the development of LNG-powered engines, their control and protection systems, fuel tanks, gas supply systems and infrastructure. The object of the study is the prospects for using LNG as an alternative type of fuel in shipping. The most important result is the conclusion that LNG has significant potential as an alternative to traditional types of fuel in shipping, but requires the development of appropriate infrastructure.