bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of counterion structure identity on conductivity, dynamical correlations, and ion transport mechanisms in polymerized ionic liquids
Authors: Zhang Zidan , Krishna Ram , Zofchak Everett S. , Marioni Nico , Sachar Harnoor S. , Ganesan Venkat
Published: August 2023

We used equilibrium and non-equilibrium atomistic simulations to probe the influence of anion chemistry on the true conductivity, dynamical correlations, and ion transport mechanisms in polymeric ionic liquids. An inverse correlation was found between anion self-diffusivities, ionic mobilities, and the anion size for spherical anions. While some larger asymmetric anions had higher diffusivities than smaller spherical anions, their diffusivities and mobilities did not exhibit a direct correlation to the anion volumes. The conductivity and anion dynamical correlations also followed the same trends as displayed by the diffusivity and mobility of anions. All the systems we examined displayed positively correlated motion among anions, suggesting a contribution that enhances the conductivity beyond the ideal Nernst–Einstein value. Analysis of ion transport mechanisms demonstrated very similar hopping characteristics among the spherical anions despite differences in their sizes.
Vortex ring and bubble interaction: Effects of bubble size on vorticity dynamics and bubble dynamics
Authors: Biswas Subhajit , Govardhan Raghuraman N.
Published: August 2023

Bubbly turbulent flows involve complex interactions between bubbles and vortices, in which their size ratio plays a critical role. The present work investigates an idealization, namely, the interaction of a single air bubble with a (water) vortex ring, with the focus being on the effects of the bubble-to-vortex core size ratio (Db/Dc,o) on the bubble and ring dynamics (Db = bubble diameter and Dc,o = initial vortex core diameter). The interaction is studied for size ratio, Db/Dc,o, of 0.6–1.7, over a large Weber number range from 10 to 500 [We=0.87ρ(Γ/πDc,o)2/(σ/Db), Γ = circulation]. On the bubble dynamics side, in the initial stages of the interaction after the bubble's capture by the ring, the bubble's radial equilibrium position, its azimuthal elongation, and breakup pattern are influenced by both Db/Dc,o and We. However, at longer times, the results show that the We alone decides the broken bubbles to Db ratio and scales as We−0.13, which can be contrasted with the scaling of We−0.6 in isotropic turbulence [R. Shinnar, J. Fluid Mech. 10, 259–275 (1961)]. On the ring dynamics side, increasing Db/Dc,o leads to larger deformation of the vortex ring core at low We, and these effects are significant above a critical Db/Dc,o of about 1.2. Under these conditions, the vortex core can fragment, leading to large reductions in the ring's measured convection speed and axial enstrophy, both of which follow a similar scaling, (Db/Dc,o)2/We; the reduction in enstrophy being reminiscent of bubbly turbulent flows. These results and scalings should help us to better understand and model bubble–turbulence interactions.
High-temperature characterization of interdigitated transducers on gallium arsenide and surface acoustic wave analysis via interdigitated transducer modeling
Authors: Rummel Brian D. , Miroshnik Leonid , Li Andrew B. , Balakrishnan Ganesh , Sinno Talid , Han Sang M.
Published: August 2023

Interdigitated transducer devices may provide an advantageous platform to study stress-enhanced interfacial phenomena at elevated temperatures, and an appropriate device design requires a thorough understanding of temperature-dependent material properties. In this study, the scattering parameter response for a surface acoustic wave resonator is simulated using a frequency-domain finite element method from 20 to 177 °C. Experimental device measurements are taken for the interdigitated transducer device fabricated on semi-insulating GaAs 100 oriented in the 110 direction, and the results are in good agreement with the simulation. Surface acoustic wave analysis provides the magnitude of bulk stress values and surface displacement over the experimental temperature range produced by a standing surface acoustic wave. The computational analysis combined with experimental verification suggests that such devices, when optimized for the maximum magnitude, can produce strain levels that could influence chemical potential associated with crystalline growth, atomic diffusion, and catalytic reactions. The modeling results demonstrate an interdigitated transducer's potential as an experimental platform to study the impact of strain on temperature-sensitive surface and bulk phenomena in piezoelectric materials.
Mapping positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy data of a polymer to classical molecular dynamics simulations without shifting the glass transition temperature
Authors: Takahashi Kazuaki Z.
Published: August 2023

Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) enables the nondestructive measurement of nanoscale cavities in materials. In this study, a strategy was proposed for mapping PALS measurement data of isotactic polypropylene to classical molecular dynamics (CMD) simulations. The discrepancy between simulated and experimental glass transition temperatures was resolved by shortening the polymer chains, rather than adjusting for the temperature, using the Williams–Landel–Ferry (WLF) equation. The effective probe radii of ortho-positronium (o-Ps), determined by comparing PALS data with CMD simulations, were ∼0.8 nm, which was consistent with the o-Ps size given by the solution of the Schrödinger equation. The free-volume fraction corresponding to the effective probe radius was 12.3% at the glass transition temperature, close to the value estimated using Simha–Boyer theory. The cavity number density was proportional to the effective probe radius and decreased with temperature. The o-Ps effective probe radius was proportional to both the critical probe radius and the −1/3 power of the monomer number density, and increased with increasing temperature. These findings suggest that combining PALS measurements with CMD simulations may provide insight into cavities in polymeric materials without relying on the WLF equation.
A 2D quantum dot array in planar 28Si/SiGe
Authors: Unseld F. K. , Meyer M. , Mądzik M. T. , Borsoi F. , de Snoo S. L. , Amitonov S. V. , Sammak A. , Scappucci G. , Veldhorst M. , Vandersypen L. M. K.
Published: August 2023

Semiconductor spin qubits have gained increasing attention as a possible platform to host a fault-tolerant quantum computer. First demonstrations of spin qubit arrays have been shown in a wide variety of semiconductor materials. The highest performance for spin qubit logic has been realized in silicon, but scaling silicon quantum dot arrays in two dimensions has proven to be challenging. By taking advantage of high-quality heterostructures and carefully designed gate patterns, we are able to form a tunnel coupled 2 × 2 quantum dot array in a 28Si/SiGe heterostructure. We are able to load a single electron in all four quantum dots, thus reaching the (1,1,1,1) charge state. Furthermore, we characterize and control the tunnel coupling between all pairs of dots by measuring polarization lines over a wide range of barrier gate voltages. Tunnel couplings can be tuned from about 30 μeV up to approximately 400 μeV. These experiments provide insightful information on how to design 2D quantum dot arrays and constitute a first step toward the operation of spin qubits in 28Si/SiGe quantum dots in two dimensions.
A comprehensive non-kinetic approach for rarefied gas flow between parallel plates
Authors: Dong Jing-Wu , Huang Chih-Yung
Published: August 2023

The non-kinetic models typically offer a more straightforward approach than the complex kinetic models for microchannel gas flow problems. However, their applicability has traditionally been limited to a certain range of rarefaction. Hence, various modifications, including the slip boundary condition, non-linear viscosity, and diffusion phenomena, have been proposed. Although less explored, the wall-to-wall collision effect is also suggested for modifying the description of rarefied flow in confined areas. This paper presents a comprehensive non-kinetic approach for rarefied gas flow between parallel plates, covering a wide range of Knudsen numbers. This work integrates existing modifications and introduces new insights, specifically how gas particles specularly reflected from the walls impact the non-linear scaling functions for modifying the viscosity and diffusivity, and how to incorporate the wall-to-wall collision effect into the slip boundary condition. The uniform and cosine-law diffuse reflection models for gas–surface interaction are also compared and discussed. The proposed model is suitable for partially specular reflected gas–surface interactions and moving wall conditions, validated against classical Poiseuille and Couette flow problems. Overall, our findings expand the applicability of the non-kinetic model and enhance its accuracy in describing gas flow in confined spaces for more general conditions.
Tuning the crystallization and thermal properties of polyesters by introducing functional groups that induce intermolecular interactions
Authors: Sangroniz Leire , Jang Yoon-Jung , Hillmyer Marc A. , Müller Alejandro J.
Published: August 2023

The performance of sustainable polymers can be modified and enhanced by incorporating functional groups in the backbone of the polymer chain that increases intermolecular interactions, thus impacting the thermal properties of the material. However, in-depth studies on the role of intermolecular interactions on the crystallization of these polymers are still needed. This work aims to ascertain whether incorporating functional groups able to induce intermolecular interactions can be used as a suitable systematic strategy to modify the polymer thermal properties and crystallization kinetics. Thus, amide and additional ester groups have been incorporated into aliphatic polyesters (PEs). The impact of intermolecular interactions on the melting and crystallization behavior, crystallization kinetics, and crystalline structure has been determined. Functional groups that form strong intermolecular interactions increase both melting and crystallization temperatures but retard the crystallization kinetics. Selecting appropriate functional groups allows tuning the crystallinity degree, which can potentially improve the mechanical properties and degradability in semicrystalline materials. The results demonstrate that it is possible to tune the thermal transitions and the crystallization kinetics of PEs independently by varying their chemical structure.
The preparation of rod-like porous α-Fe2O3 with large interplanar spacing for symmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Yang Fan-Ming , Li Xi-Da
Published: August 2023

Rod-like porous α-Fe2O3 was synthesized by static hydrothermal treatment at 160°C and used as a symmetric supercapacitor. The phase information, structure, morphology, valence state and composition of the prepared sample were characterized using X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and N2 adsorption–desorption. The results show that the prepared α-Fe2O3 is a rod-like porous material dominated by mesopores. Moreover, the α-Fe2O3 is a hexagonal single crystal with [FeO6] octahedrons and the interplanar crystal spacings are large enough for electrolyte ion diffusion. In both KOH and Na2SO4 electrolytes, the α-Fe2O3 sample displays good pseudocapacitance performance. However, the specific discharge capacity and energy density in KOH are larger than in Na2SO4. In 1 mol L–1 of KOH, remarkable capacities of 139 and 35.5 F g–1 are obtained and an energy density of 3.91 and 1.01 Wh kg–1 is achieved at 1 and 20 A g–1 respectively. After 10 000 cycles, 87.7% of the specific capacitance is still retained at 1 A g–1. The good capacitance properties may attributed to the rod-like porous structure and large interplanar spacing, which provide good ion insertion–exit paths, enough oxidation–reduction active sites and a fast ion transfer velocity.
An unusual lineage of Helotidae in mid-Cretaceous amber from northern Myanmar (Coleoptera: Nitiduloidea)
Authors: Li Yan-Da , Liu Zhenhua , Huang Diying , Cai Chenyang
Published: August 2023

Helotidae is a small and morphologically uniform family in Nitiduloidea. In this study, we report an unusual form of helotids, represented by Lobatihelota lescheni Li, Liu & Cai gen. nov., sp. nov. and L. iridescens Li, Liu & Cai sp. nov. from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Lobatihelota is unique within the family in having a leg morphology typical of some Nitidulidae and Kateretidae (tibia widened distally, tarsomeres 1–3 bilobed, tarsomere 4 shortened). Additionally, new diagnostic characters are suggested for Trihelota from the same deposit (prosternum and mesoventrite with paired carinae, metanepisterna short, metacoxae meeting elytra laterally), and the morphological divergence of representative genera of the superfamilies Erotyloidea, Nitiduloidea and Cucujoidea is visualised using a phylomorphospace approach. ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FE0E4D6A-8157-4E14-9240-7B87F285AEA5
PtdSer as a signaling lipid determined by privileged localization of ORP5 and ORP8 at ER/PM junctional foci to determine PM and ER PtdSer/PI(4)P ratio and cell function
Authors: Chung Woo Young , Ahuja Malini , McNally Beth A. , Leibow Spencer R. , Ohman Henry K. E. , Movahed Abtahi Ava , Muallem Shmuel
Published: August 2023

The membrane contact site ER/PM junctions are hubs for signaling pathways, including Ca
2+
signaling. Phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) mediates various physiological functions; however, junctional PtdSer composition and the role of PtdSer in Ca
2+
signaling and Ca
2+
-dependent gene regulation are not understood. Here, we show that STIM1-formed junctions are required for PI(4)P/PtdSer exchange by ORP5 and ORP8, which have reciprocal lipid exchange modes and function as a rheostat that sets the junctional PtdSer/PI(4)P ratio. Targeting the ORP5 and ORP8 and their lipid transfer ORD domains to PM subdomains revealed that ORP5 sets low and ORP8 high junctional PI(4)P/PtdSer ratio that controls STIM1-STIM1 and STIM1-Orai1 interaction and the activity of the SERCA pump to determine the pattern of receptor-evoked Ca
2+
oscillations, and consequently translocation of NFAT to the nucleus. Significantly, targeting the ORP5 and ORP8 ORDs to the STIM1 ER subdomain reversed their function. Notably, changing PI(4)P/PtdSer ratio by hydrolysis of PM or ER PtdSer with targeted PtdSer-specific PLA1a1 reproduced the ORPs function. The function of the ORPs is determined both by their differential lipid exchange modes and by privileged localization at the ER/PM subdomains. These findings reveal a role of PtdSer as a signaling lipid that controls the available PM PI(4)P, the unappreciated role of ER PtdSer in cell function, and the diversity of the ER/PM junctions. The effect of PtdSer on the junctional PI(4)P level should have multiple implications in cellular signaling and functions.
Daam2 phosphorylation by CK2α negatively regulates Wnt activity during white matter development and injury
Authors: Wang Chih-Yen , Zuo Zhongyuan , Jo Juyeon , Kim Kyoung In , Madamba Christine , Ye Qi , Jung Sung Yun , Bellen Hugo J. , Lee Hyun Kyoung
Published: August 2023

Wnt signaling plays an essential role in developmental and regenerative myelination in the central nervous system. The Wnt signaling pathway is composed of multiple regulatory layers; thus, how these processes are coordinated to orchestrate oligodendrocyte (OL) development remains unclear. Here, we show CK2α, a Wnt/β-catenin signaling Ser/Thr kinase, phosphorylates Daam2, inhibiting its function and Wnt activity during OL development. Intriguingly, we found Daam2 phosphorylation differentially impacts distinct stages of OL development, accelerating early differentiation followed by decelerating maturation and myelination. Application toward white matter injury revealed CK2α-mediated Daam2 phosphorylation plays a protective role for developmental and behavioral recovery after neonatal hypoxia, while promoting myelin repair following adult demyelination. Together, our findings identify a unique regulatory node in the Wnt pathway that regulates OL development via protein phosphorylation-induced signaling complex instability and highlights a new biological mechanism for myelin restoration.
Unravelling cross-language effects in bimodal
bilingualism
Authors: Gimeno-Martínez Marc , Baus Cristina
Published: August 2023

Suppose we are good tennis players and want to
learn to play ping-pong. Does the way we play tennis affect how we
play ping-pong? Would we play ping-pong in the same way if we were
not tennis experts? This was one of Albert’s recurring metaphors
when drawing a line of thought toward language interactions in
bilingual language processing. The argument behind the anecdote
referred to what extent the sustained interaction between
bilinguals’ two languages results in structural changes within the
language network. This chapter aims to push the tennis metaphor one
step further by asking whether playing tennis affects how we play
football, a sport involving quite different skills. Bringing the
sports metaphor into language, this chapter reviews interactions
occurring between bilinguals’ two languages involving different
articulatory and perceptual mechanisms, such as sign and oral
languages. This chapter is then devoted to bimodal bilingualism,
reviewing the most relevant results on cross-linguistic interactions
across modalities.
On bilingualism and alignment
Authors: Williams Rachel , Ferreira Victor S. , Ivanova Iva
Published: August 2023

This chapter is dedicated to the contribution of
the theoretical review of Costa,
Pickering, and Sorace (2008) to our understanding of
alignment in second-language dialogue, or, more broadly,
conversations involving at least one less proficient speaker. We
first briefly describe the review’s foundation, the Interactive
Alignment Account, and some of its theoretical considerations. We
then highlight the main hypotheses put forward by Costa et al. (2008),
following each with subsequently obtained relevant evidence. As
proposed by these authors, the emerging picture is indeed one in
which second-language dialogue is characterized by enhanced
non-automatic alignment and, in some cases, reduced automatic
alignment, with important roles of audience design, second-language
proficiency, and modeling behavior. While recent advances have been
made in this area, some of Costa
et al.’s (2008) hypotheses have not been tested, and some
have produced conflicting evidence; we thus end with a list of
research questions aimed to inspire future work on this topic.
Fear conditioning and bilingualism
Authors: Ortigosa Isabel , Garcia-Palacios Azucena , Duñabeitia Jon Andoni
Published: August 2023

There is evidence that the emotional reactivity
in a foreign language is reduced as compared to native languages.
This differential emotional reactivity has effects in various
cognitive domains, as revealed by the so-called foreign language
effect on decision-making. This opens doors to the potential use of
foreign languages in scenarios where a modulation of the role of
emotional involvement would be desirable, like conflict resolution,
healthy choices, or psychotherapy. The current chapter focuses on
whether fear acquisition and extinction can be modulated by the
language context in which people are set. With the lead of Prof
Albert Costa, we explored whether this emotional distance could
modulate fear conditioning and fear extinction, essential mechanisms
for the understanding and treatment of different mental disorders.
Our findings provided evidence that certain verbal conditioning
processes may be affected by language context, opening the avenue to
the potential use of a foreign language in clinical contexts.
Hungary
Authors: Borza Natalia
Published: August 2023

This chapter investigates the motivations of a populist
party’s supporters in Hungary by examining what values and identities played
a role in shaping the voting preference of Fidesz supporters in the 2019
European elections. A sample of the first 500 most reacted comments in
response to the Facebook postings of the party on their social media
platform (Facebook) were analysed using van Leeuwen’s (2008) framework of legitimation strategies. The
findings of the study exposed that the discursive legitimation of the Fidesz
supporters embraces all the four dimensions in van Leeuwen’s framework. The
supporters promote values both at the individual level and at the level of
the generic community of the supporters. The supporters’ recontextualisation
of the party’s social media postings displayed enthusiasm, hope, the feeling
of love and adoration. These positive emotions appeared to stem from the
sentiment that the supporters feel at home in their country, and
nurture a grateful relationship with their own generic community.
Introduction
Authors: Bartesaghi Mariaelena , Hughes Jessica M.F.
Published: August 2023

This chapter attunes to dialogue, as we orient to it in
our work and spontaneous doings with others. It is a meta dialogue, for in
it we find our own utterances and incarnation, emerging and unfolding in the
heteroglossia of disability. Our purpose is deconstructive as much as
reconstructive, as we want to hear voices of those who speak about dialogue,
disability, and the discourses of intelligibility that create our awareness,
including that of ourselves. We speak in turns, from proposing a definition
of dialogue, to examining the boundaries of disability, disability as social
dialogue, and finally, the dialogues between us, as co-editors and academics
wary of institutional disablement, that have enabled this book and spoken
our words and bodies into being.
Disability and employability
Authors: Grue Jan , Alnes Silje
Published: August 2023

When disabled people seek accommodation and inclusion,
including within the framework of modern human rights discourse, a complex
interaction ensues. While negotiations over accommodation may be explicit
and formalized, they may also take the form of a more subtle, even implicit,
dialogue that indexes psychological and moral attributes. Being an
“includable” disabled person means living up to a set of often tacit role
expectations, which are present in discourse and shape recruitment
processes. Normative representations of “includable” disabled people – i.e.,
people who are represented as being, potentially, valued members of
society – carry considerable force. This paper takes as its topic one corpus
of such representations, drawn from a social media campaign launched by the
Norwegian Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs. We ask the question of what
norms and values the campaign presupposes and conveys, concluding with the
analytical modes of rhetoric and critical discourse analysis. Focusing on
the interaction between narrative content and reader expectations, we
suggest that the campaign’s normative stance is that of neoliberal
inclusionism, an ethos in which disabled people are valued and
provided with accommodations chiefly to the extent to which they are able to
act as productive employees – ideally on a par with non-disabled people.
Fashion on wheels
Authors: Berger Natalia , Hermes Joke
Published: August 2023

What can fashion and fashion journalism tell us about the
actual and possible representations of disability? Unfolding from a dialogue
between the co-authors, this chapter takes a Dutch case study as its
starting point to map and interpret how creative professionals responsible
for communication in an advocacy organization, as well as journalists and
television makers, had great trouble freeing disability from limiting frames
of reference. The aim of the chapter is to provide insight and tools for
inclusive and reflexive practices of representation. Discourse analysis
provides the basis for a multi-layered dialogue. Ingrained, standardized
routines in media practice are the problem that the best of intentions
cannot break. The Dutch Zonnebloem (Sunflower) organization pointed to a way
forward when they invited feedback and engaged in dialogue on their failed
media campaign to find funding to design fashionable clothing for wheelchair
users.
“My existence is resistance!”
Authors: Egner Justine
Published: August 2023

Scholars of social movements have been critical of social
media activism. Taking a dialogic stance, where I examine narratives as
tensional interactional dynamics within Big-C conversations, or discourses,
I argue that traditional resistance tactics (such as in-person
demonstrations and protests, like marching, rallies, pickets, sit-ins,
riots, boycotts, some actions of civil disobedience) are not often available
for those who experience intersectional invisibility as speakers who perform
the identity strategies of activist spaces. As such, those who are
disenfranchised and wish to engage in activism must reconceptualize
traditional notions of resistance to better participate. This paper examines
a group of queer disabled activists who reject traditional notions of
activism as ableist, heterosexist, and racist. I analyze how they utilize
the social media platform Tumblr as a site of engagement through disability
centered dialogue as a form of accessible resistance.
Exploring the potential of implicatures for assessing interpreting quality in the Swiss asylum procedure
Authors: Bugayong Lenny Kaye
Published: August 2023

Devoting more attention to a cognitive approach in Translation and Interpreting Studies (TIS) may not only be useful for exploring translation and interpreting processes per se but also when facing real-life challenges such as hiring qualified interpreters. This chapter first introduces how communicative principles found in pragmatics can help define a common theoretical framework in TIS and how this would benefit the quality of Public Service Interpreting (PSI) more globally. It goes on to map PSI in the Swiss context and present preliminary findings from an exploratory study analyzing the assessment of aspiring interpreters for the Swiss asylum system. First results show how communicative principles as found e.g. in Relevance Theory appear to inform evaluators when judging interpreting quality.
Adding connectives to manage interpreted discourse
Authors: Götz Andrea
Published: August 2023

In recent years, corpus-based research has revealed that interpreted discourse contains a high frequency and variety of pragmatic items. However, it is less well known how the use of these items varies with the type of interpreting (i.e. relay, L2, or retour). This study examines this question through the frequency of connectives in Hungarian to English European Parliamentary interpreting. According to the results, connectives are significantly more frequent in interpreted than non-interpreted or comparable discourse, and also in relay interpreting. However, frequency and the kind of connectives used vary with the type of interpreting.
Politeness in notices translated from Greek into English in Thessaloniki’s public spaces from a cross-cultural perspective and translator/student translator evaluations
Authors: Lees Christopher
Published: August 2023

This chapter examines notices that have been translated from Greek into English and are visible in the public spaces of Thessaloniki. It uses photographic data collected during ethnographic fieldwork in the city in 2020, a time that coincided with the Covid-19 pandemic and an increased number of signs. By drawing on Brown and Levinson’s concept of face and more recent discursive approaches to politeness, the chapter explores the ways in which Greek politeness is expressed and rendered into English and how a group of translation students and translation professionals perceive the degree to which the Greek source texts have been successfully rendered into English.
“There is no doubt, you must be right!”
Authors: Napoli Vittorio
Published: August 2023

This contribution shows how epistemic modality expressed by characters in English films is conveyed into Italian dubbed and subtitled dialogues. The aim of the research is twofold: (a) revealing whether Italian norms governing epistemic modality differ from English norms and, secondly, (b) revealing whether epistemic modal markers in the source dialogues undergo modifications in translation for dubbing and for subtitling, two constrained audiovisual translation modes. Utterances containing epistemic modal markers were collected from six films to form three corpora: one for English original films, one for their dubbed counterparts and one for their subtitled counterparts. The study revealed that differences exist both in the expression of epistemic modality in the two language systems and between dubbed and subtitled dialogues.
Contrastive analysis of English fan and professional subtitles of Korean TV drama
Authors: Messerli Thomas C. , Locher Miriam A.
Published: August 2023

We compare fan subtitles and subtitles produced by professionals in order to detect what concepts each of them foreground, and how they differ in register and in translation strategy. Differences are systematically explored with the help of corpus-assisted discourse analysis to contrast two sets of English subtitles from 26 Korean dramas and 451 episodes – fan subtitles from Viki and professional subtitles from Netflix. Results reveal that professional translators show more target text orientation, whereas fan translators position themselves and their readers as expert members of their community, aiming for access to the source text. We find no clear difference in register, but professional subtitles are more concise, whereas Viki subtitles are longer and employ, e.g., hedges and disfluency markers.
“So my job is translating from professional cook to home cook”
Authors: Tovares Alla V.
Published: August 2023

This chapter explores how three cookbook writers talk about crafting “the verbal ingredients of a well-written recipe” as well as of themselves as translators of cooking actions and expertise. The analysis shows how in their metalinguistic comments the writers articulate pragmatic rules, including the canonical Gricean Maxims of providing enough information without overwhelming the reader and being honest and clear in their instructions. It also shows how in the process of translating expertise, these wordsmiths address the familiar and the prescriptive and in so doing deconstruct ‘the amnesia of the genesis’ (Bourdieu 1977, 1990) and challenge the existing language practices of recipe writing. This study contributes to our understanding of translation as going beyond interlingual transfer of meaning by considering actions and multisensory experiences.
Statistically equivalent representative volume elements (SERVE) for material behaviour analysis and multiscale modelling
Authors: Ghosh Somnath , Dimiduk Dennis , Furrer David
Published: August 2023

Mechanical properties of materials and associated engineered components are controlled by the material structure at various lengths and time scales. As materials are being further utilised to the maximum extent of their capabilities, tails on property distributions become significant. These tails are often driven by the extremities of microstructural feature distributions, suggesting the need for a statistically relevant description of the microstructure and a reciprocity relationship with the range of property measurement capabilities and the models that represent this information.

Representative volume elements (RVE) and statistically equivalent representative volume elements (SERVE) have emerged as frameworks for such microstructural characterisation and quantification.

This review covers the evolution of quantitative microstructure description for use in material behaviour predictions from homogenised representations, large volume statistical representation, to the determination of the minimum spatial size to statistically represent a microstructure based on features of interest and properties of interest.
Superconductivity Modulated by Carbonization and Hydrogenation in Two-Dimensional MXenes M
2N (M = Mo, W)
Authors: Yin Xin-Zhu , Wang Hao , Wang Qiu-Hao , Jiao Na , Ni Mei-Yan , Zheng Meng-Meng , Lu Hong-Yan , Zhang Ping
Published: August 2023

The superconductivity of two-dimensional (2D) materials has extremely important research significance. To date, superconducting transition temperatures (T
c) of 2D superconductors are still far from practical applications. Previously, 2D MXene Mo2N has been successfully synthesized [Urbankowski et al. Nanoscale
9 17722, (2017)]. We systematically investigate the effects of carbonization and further hydrogenation on the stability, electronic property and superconductivity of 1T- and 2H-M
2N (M = Mo, W) based on first-principles calculations. The results show that the 1T-M
2N and 2H-M
2N (M = Mo, W) are all dynamically and thermodynamically stable after carbonization and further hydrogenation. After carbonization, T
c’s of 1T-M
2NC2 (M = Mo, W) are all increased, while T
c’s of 2H-M
2NC2 (M = Mo, W) are all decreased. By further hydrogenation, the T
c’s of 1T- and 2H-M
2NC2H2 are all increased. Among all of these structures, T
c of 1T-Mo2NC2H2 is the highest one, reaching 42.7 K, and the corresponding electron-phonon coupling strength λ is 2.27. Therefore, hydrogenation is an effective method to modulate T
c’s of 2D M
2NC2 (M = Mo, W) materials.
Parametrizing gravitational-wave polarizations
Authors: Isi Maximiliano
Published: August 2023

We review the formalism underlying the modeling of gravitational wave (GW) polarizations, and the coordinate frames used to define them. In the process, we clarify the notion of ‘polarization angle’ and identify three conceptually distinct definitions. We describe how those are related and how they arise in the practice of GW data analysis, explaining in detail the relevant conventions that have become the LIGO-Virgo standard. Furthermore, we show that any GW signal can be expressed as a superposition of elliptical (i.e. fully-polarized) states, and examine the properties and possible parametrizations of such elementary states. We discuss a variety of common parametrizations for fully-polarized modes, and compute Jacobians for the coordinate transformations relating them. This allows us to examine the suitability of each parametrization for different applications, including unmodeled or semimodeled signal reconstructions. We point out that analyses parametrized directly in terms of the plus and cross mode amplitudes will tend to implicitly favor high signal power, and to prefer linearly-polarized waves along a predefined direction; this makes them suboptimal for targeting face-on or face-off sources, which will tend to be circularly polarized. We discuss alternative parametrizations, with applications extending to continuous waves, ringdown studies, and unmodeled analyses like BayesWave. Code and additional material are made available in https://github.com/maxisi/gwpols.
Fault diagnosis of bearing-rotor system based on infrared thermography: ReSPP with multi-scaled training method
Authors: An Dong , Liu Zetong , Shao Meng , Li Xinran , Hu Ronghua , Shi Mengyuan , Zhang Lixiu
Published: August 2023

The fault diagnosis method of bearing-rotor system based on infrared thermography can reflect the global fault information of the equipment, which is an advanced non-contact monitoring measure. Current diagnosis methods focus on the analysis of single-scale input images, and the network only accepts fixed-size inputs. The model is not capable of fusing multi-scaled fault features while processing single-scaled images, and compression for the size constraint will cause geometric distortion. This paper proposed a novel fault diagnosis model ReSPP (Residual Network with Least Spatial Pyramid Pooling (LSPP)) based on the improved LSPP. LSPP solves the problem of fault feature distortion caused by fixed-size constraint of the network. By replacing the single-scaled training with the proposed multi-scaled training method applied to fault diagnosis, the weight parameters of ReSPP pool the deep fault features of the bearing-rotor system at multiple scales, retaining the critical fault semantic information. The proposed model solves the fault feature loss in the process of feature extraction by improving the subsampling residual block. Experimental results show that ReSPP with multi-scaled training method (ReSPP-MSTM) classifies the fault conditions of the bearing-rotor system with an average diagnostic accuracy of 99.18%.
Comparison of fiber interferometric sensor with a commercial interferometer for a Kibble balance velocity calibration
Authors: Shmagun Vitalii , Vasilyan Suren , Rogge Norbert , Fröhlich Thomas , Kissinger Thomas
Published: August 2023

This article presents a fiber interferometric sensor (FIS) for measuring the velocity amplitude of an oscillatory vibrating object, with a focus on velocity mode measurement in applications using the Kibble balance principle. The sensor uses the range-resolved interferometry method to measure the displacement of the moving object and employs a multi-harmonic sine-fit algorithm to estimate the displacement amplitude and frequency, thereby determining the velocity amplitude. This article provides a comprehensive explanation of the experimental setup and the measurement techniques employed, as well as a detailed analysis of the uncertainty budget, with the performance validation of the FIS benchmarked against a commercial interferometer within a Kibble balance setup. The velocity amplitude of a coil of the Kibble balance, oscillating with an approx. amplitude of 20 μm and a frequency of 0.25 Hz, was measured using the sensor and found to be 31.282 31 μm s−1 with a relative deviation of −1.9 ppm compared to a commercial interferometer. The high performance of the FIS, especially with regard to non-linearity errors, and the small size of the measuring head enable universality of integration into a wide variety of measurement systems, also including the use as general-purpose vibration and displacement sensor.
Study and characterization of the nanotextured Ga2O3-GaOOH formations synthesized via thermal oxidation of GaAs in ambient air
Authors: Solís-Cisneros Horacio I , Vilchis Heber , Hernández-Trejo Raúl , Melchor-Tovilla Ana L , Guillén-Cervantes Ángel , Hernández Gutiérrez Carlos A
Published: August 2023

In this work, we present the characterization of a UV-sensitive material based on Ga2O3-GaOOH, which was obtained through the thermal oxidation of GaAs wafers in ambient air to achieve Ga2O3. The material’s oxidation mechanism was thoroughly examined using structural, compositional, and optical approaches. X-ray diffraction analysis identified the presence of the β-Ga2O3 crystalline phase, with both in-plane and out-of-plane preferred orientations, along with crystalline inclusions attributed to GaOOH. Furthermore, energy-dispersive spectroscopy confirmed the uniform sublimation of Arsenic, as evidenced by elemental mapping, while Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy suggested the inclusion of −OH bonds. Surface analysis was carried out by field emission scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, revealing a grain size of approximately 20 nm. Finally, UV-Vis characterization unveiled a bandgap ranging from 2.9 to 3.9 eV, indicative of the material’s potential for UV-sensitive applications. Overall, the results demonstrate the consistency and reliability of the oxidation process, providing valuable insights into the properties of the Ga2O3-GaOOH material for potential technological advancements.
Label-free quantum super-resolution imaging using entangled multi-mode squeezed light
Authors: Soh Daniel , Chatterjee Eric
Published: August 2023

In this study, we explore the theoretical application of entangled multi-mode squeezed light for label-free optical super-resolution imaging. By generating massively entangled multi-mode squeezed light through an array of balanced beam splitters, using a single-mode squeezed light input, we create a multi-mode quantum light state with exceptional entanglement and noise suppression below the shot noise level. This significantly reduces imaging measurement errors compared to classical coherent state light imaging when the same number of photons are used on the imaging sample. We demonstrate how to optimize the imaging system’s parameters to achieve the Heisenberg imaging error limit, taking into account the number of entangled modes and photons used. We also examine the effects of optical losses in the imaging system, necessitating adjustments to the optimized parameters based on the degree of optical loss. In practical applications, this new quantum imaging approach reduces the number of photons needed to achieve the same image quality by two orders of magnitude compared to classical imaging methods that use non-entangled, non-squeezed coherent state light.
Barium and Yttrium Co-doping in Bismuth Ferrite Nanoparticles to Enhance Microwave Properties
Authors: Hait Swarnali , Gorai Anupam , Mandal Kalyan
Published: August 2023

The microwave properties of multiferroic Bismuth Ferrite have been widely studied and focus has been placed on the improvement of microwave absorption, impedance matching, effective bandwidth through doping with suitable elements, and formation of nanostructures. In this work, Barium and Yttrium co-doping at the Bi site of BiFeO3 nanoparticles (BayBi1-x-yYxFeO3) were observed to be effective in enhancing the dielectric and magnetic properties of the sample with x = 0.03 and y = 0.1. A minimum reflection loss of −61.7 dB was achieved in the sample for a composite absorber length of 7.5 mm attributed to the best balance observed between dielectric loss (tanδ

ε
) and magnetic loss (tanδ

μ
) based on the match equation, tanδ

ε
= tanδ

μ
. The best impedance matching observed in this sample also supports the observed high microwave absorption required for practical application as microwave absorption material.
First-principles study of metals, metalloids and halogens doped monolayer MoSe2 to tune its electronic properties
Authors: Ain Asif Qurat Ul , Asim Hamayl , Nabi Azeem Ghulam , Rehman Muaz , Shahzad Aamir , Kashif Muhammad , Hussain Akhtar
Published: August 2023

Owing to their small band-gap characteristics, two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have garnered a lot of attention. Herein, we studied the electronic as well as structural properties of doped monolayered MoSe2 with different dopants at the selenium (Se) site employing the density functional theory (DFT) using generalized gradient approximation (GGA). To ascertain bonding nature electron localization function (ELF) was used and Phonon spectra computations were done for dynamical stability tests. We systematically explored the electronic properties of monolayer MoSe2 doped with X-atoms (X comprises of metals Li, Be, Al; metalloids B, Si; non-metals (NMs) C, N, P, O and the NM atoms belonging to halogen group (F, Cl). We compared our outcomes with available experimental and other calculated results in the literature. The appearance of impurity lines in the energy gap causes to diminish the band gaps of doped MoSe2. The change in doping site and dopant element results in a significant reduction in the bandgap of doped MoSe2. To gain more insight into the electronic properties of X-doped MoSe2 monolayer, the partial density of states (PDOS) of the dopants and neighbour Mo atoms are attached to the band structures. Our results give pleasing data regarding the optimization of bandgap which shows that halogen dopant provided n-type doping while the rest of the elements provided p-type doping in MoSe2, which helps to understand the electrical conductivity in addition to their utilization in semiconductor and other optoelectronic devices. We are optimistic that the findings in this work will help experimentalists to carry out their research on a real-world application, which will also widen the investigation of transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) in other sectors.
Theoretical aspects of holographic dark energy
Authors: Wang Shuang , Li Miao
Published: August 2023

We review the theoretical aspects of holographic dark energy (HDE) in this paper. Making use of the holographic principle (HP) and the dimensional analysis, we derive the core formula of the original HDE (OHDE) model, in which the future event horizon is chosen as the characteristic length scale. Then, we describe the basic properties and the corresponding theoretical studies of the OHDE model, as well as the effect of adding dark sector interaction in the OHDE model. Moreover, we introduce all four types of HDE models that originate from HP, including (1) HDE models with the other characteristic length scale; (2) HDE models with extended Hubble scale; (3) HDE models with dark sector interaction; (4) HDE models with modified black hole entropy. Finally, we introduce the well-known Hubble tension problem, as well as the attempts to alleviate this problem under the framework of HDE. From the perspective of theory, the core formula of HDE is obtained by combining the HP and the dimensional analysis, instead of adding a DE term into the Lagrangian. Therefore, HDE remarkably differs from any other theory of DE. From the perspective of observation, HDE can fit various astronomical data well and has the potential to alleviate the Hubble tension problem. These features make HDE a very competitive dark energy scenario.
Influence of pump brightness, self-Kerr and cross-Kerr effects on the entanglement of partially degenerate triple-photon state
Authors: Zhang Da , Ren Zhihong
Published: August 2023

Recently, partially degenerate triple-photon states (TPS) generated by the third-order spontaneous parametric down-conversion have been observed in a superconducting cavity (2020, Phys. Rev. X
10, 011011). Their non-Gaussian entanglement properties, characterized by a series of high-order covariance matrices, have also been theoretically revealed. Here, we use the non-Gaussian entanglement criterion proposed in (2021, Phy. Rev. Lett.
127, 150502) and the logarithmic negativity to study the effect of pump brightness, self-Kerr and cross-Kerr interactions on the entanglement of partially degenerate TPS (PDTPS). We find that the brighter the pump, the easier the entanglement of PDTPS leap to higher-order covariance matrices. Although both self-Kerr and cross-Kerr interactions induce nonlinear phase shifts and weaken the entanglement of PDTPS, cross-Kerr interactions can effectively raise the threshold of entanglement loaded on the third-order covariance matrix. These results can contribute to our understanding of the mechanism of the generation of unconditional non-Gaussian entanglement.
Controlled cyclic remote preparation
Authors: Gong Li , Ma Songya , Jiang Junli
Published: August 2023

Multi-party quantum communication has gradually attracted widespread attention. To realize the perfect transmission of quantum states among multiple participants, a novel multi-party controlled cyclic remote preparation protocol for arbitrary single-qubit states with three senders is proposed. With the permission of one controller, each sender can transmit an arbitrary single-qubit state to its neighbor. In addition, we give a universal protocol for multi-party controlled cyclic remote preparation of arbitrary single-qubit states in the case of multiple senders, which can realize deterministic cyclic preparation of multiple quantum states in one direction. The scheme shows that the communication task can be successfully achieved only if all senders cooperate with the controller, and there is no need for the senders to employ information splitting and additional operations before performing measurements. Finally, we discuss the cyclic remote preparation protocol with three senders under five types of noisy environment, and the closeness between the output state and original state is measured by calculating fidelity.