bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unilateral Quadriceps Fatigue Induces Greater Impairments of Ipsilateral versus Contralateral Elbow Flexors and Plantar Flexors Performance in Physically Active Young Adults
Authors: Whitten Joseph H.D. , Hodgson Daniel D. , Drinkwater Eric J. , Prieske Olaf , Aboodarda Saied Jalal , Behm David G.
Published: March 2021

Non-local muscle fatigue (NLMF) studies have examined crossover impairments of maximal voluntary force output in non-exercised, contralateral muscles as well as comparing upper and lower limb muscles. Since prior studies primarily investigated contralateral muscles, the purpose of this study was to compare NLMF effects on elbow flexors (EF) and plantar flexors (PF) force and activation (electromyography: EMG). Secondly, possible differences when testing ipsilateral or contralateral muscles with a single or repeated isometric maximum voluntary contractions (MVC) were also investigated. Twelve participants (six males: (27.3 ± 2.5 years, 186.0 ± 2.2 cm, 91.0 ± 4.1 kg; six females: 23.0 ± 1.6 years, 168.2 ± 6.7 cm, 60.0 ± 4.3 kg) attended six randomized sessions where ipsilateral or contralateral PF or EF MVC force and EMG activity (root mean square) were tested following a dominant knee extensors (KE) fatigue intervention (2×100s MVC) or equivalent rest (control). Testing involving a single MVC (5s) was completed by the ipsilateral or contralateral PF or EF prior to and immediately post-interventions. One minute after the post-intervention single MVC, a 12×5s MVCs fatigue test was completed. Two-way repeated measures ANOVAs revealed that ipsilateral EF post-fatigue force was lower (-6.6%, p = 0.04, d = 0.18) than pre-fatigue with no significant changes in the contralateral or control conditions. EF demonstrated greater fatigue indexes for the ipsilateral (9.5%, p = 0.04, d = 0.75) and contralateral (20.3%, p < 0.01, d = 1.50) EF over the PF, respectively. There were no significant differences in PF force, EMG or EF EMG post-test or during the MVCs fatigue test. The results suggest that NLMF effects are side and muscle specific where prior KE fatigue could hinder subsequent ipsilateral upper body performance and thus is an important consideration for rehabilitation, recreation and athletic programs.
Predictors of Audit Quality: An Empirical Model
Authors: Rudy Soegiharto William , Rahardja Liana , Zainal Kaswandi , Chandra Mandagie Wenny
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the relationship of auditor’s independency, work experience, professional competence and audit accountability on audit quality through a survey conducted in five branches of the Public Accountant Firm Doli, Bambang, Sulistiyanto, Dadang & Ali (CPA FIRM DBSDA), based in Bandung, Malang, Central Jakarta, West Jakarta and South Jakarta. The population is permanent employees who have worked for at least one year in five DBSDA CPA FIRM branches and have completed a Bachelor of Education. The research sample consisted of 38 employees who responded to the distributed questionnaire. The results showed that independence, work experience, professional competence and audit accountability have a positive influence on audit quality. Through the partial testing, we find that auditors’ independency, work experience, professional competency, and accountability have a positive effect on audit quality. The practical implications of the results of the study are: (1) audit work is to be carried out by experienced auditors who have adequate knowledge, (2) senior auditors need to supervise junior auditors in conducting audits and examine work performed by junior auditors, and (3) auditors need to maintain auditor independence to ensure that auditor independence is not influenced by the client.
Effect of Service Quality and Price on Customer Satisfaction
Authors: Ramadhaniati Safirah , Susanti Evi , Wiwaha Arjuna , Wahyuning Tyas Isthi
Published: March 2021

The determinants of customer satisfaction are service quality and price. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of service quality and price on customer satisfaction. This research was conducted at a Forwarding Company, with a total sample of 78 respondents. Meanwhile, the data analysis method used was descriptive and multiple linear regression using SPSS 25. The results showed that service quality and price has a significant effect on customer satisfaction with a determination coefficient of 50%. Meanwhile, the remaining 50% is influenced by other variables, which have been widely studied. However, research in forwarding service companies is rarely conducted.
EVALUASI PENGAWASAN BAWASLU PROVINSI PADA PEMILIHAN GUBERNUR KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Jumiati Jumiati
Published: March 2021

This study uses a qualitative approach in order to obtain an in-depth description of the Election Supervision Evaluation of the Governor of East Kalimantan by the East Kalimantan Bawaslu. Data obtained and obtained through interviews, observation and documentation, which are then analyzed interactively through the stages of data collection, data condensation, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the evaluation of the supervision of the Provincial Bawaslu in the East Kalimantan Governor election in 2018, which was carried out from the stage of updating the voter list, campaign monitoring, the implementation of the Pilgub, as well as the follow-up of findings and reports were in accordance with the duties and functions of East Kalimantan's Bawaslu. As for the inhibiting factors there are still people who do not report suspected violations, limited human resources and the authority of Bawaslu is still hampered by rules and regulations.Keywords: Monitoring, Evaluation, Election
STUDI TENTANG PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH OLEH DINAS LINGKUNGAN HIDUP KOTA SAMARINDA BERDASARKAN PERATURAN DAERAH KOTA SAMARINDA NOMOR 02 TAHUN 2011 TENTANG PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH
Authors: Nagong Adrianus
Published: March 2021

This article will describe and analyze waste management by the Samarinda City Environmental Service based on Samarinda City Regional Regulation Number 02 of 2011 concerning Waste Management. This article uses qualitative research methods and data obtained by interview, observation, and documentation, and analyzed using an interactive analysis model. The research findings show that it has not been running optimally because there are still people who do not understand waste management starting from the source of waste, there are still people who litter, lack facilities and infrastructure, lack field workers, lack of awareness of community participation on cleanliness and weak supervision and sanctions people who break the rules. Keywords: management, waste, local regulations
IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN DAERAH PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR NOMOR 5 TAHUN 2015 TENTANG PENCEGAHAN PENYALAHGUNAAN INHALAN (STUDI KASUS DI KOTA SAMARINDA)
Authors: Gumay Astrid Selfana
Published: March 2021

This article will review the achievements of implementing the East Kalimantan Provincial Regulation Number 5 of 2015 concerning Inhalant Abuse prevention. With a qualitative descriptive analysis research model with data collection techniques by observation, interviews, documentation, and interactive data analysis, the results showed that East Kalimantan Provincial Regulation Number 5 of 2015 concerning Inhalant Abuse Prevention Samarinda City has not been going well. There are various kinds of obstacles in the implementation process, such as the lack of human resources, lack of facilities and infrastructure, and people who comply with local regulations.Keywords: implementation, prevention, abuse, inhalation, local regulations
MEMPERKUAT RESPONSIVITAS PENYELENGGARAAN PATEN DI KECAMATAN SAMARINDA ULU
Authors: Wahyuni Tri
Published: March 2021

Community satisfaction in the public service process conducted by the government is very important. The principle of community satisfaction in Samarinda Ulu District is represented by the implementation of the Community Satisfaction Survey (SKM) which is routinely carried out every year, using 9 (nine) elements. This study aims to analyze efforts to strengthen the responsiveness of the implementation of PATEN in Samarinda Ulu District. The survey guidelines apply to the Minister of Administrative Reform and Bureaucratic Reform Regulation No. 14 of 2017. This research is a descriptive study (description). The research approach is carried out using a qualitative approach. In general, the Community Satisfaction Survey (SKM) conducted by the District of Samarinda Ulu, has referred to the guidelines as stated in the Permanpan No. 14 of 2017. However, there are several things from the provisions as stated in Permenpan No. 14 of 2017 has not been followed up perfectly in its implementation, including related to an explanation of the implementation of activities, completeness of survey forms, survey analysis, inventory of service complaints, and follow-up planning.Keywords: public service, community satisfaction, survey
Exploitation and destruction of economy Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Second World War
Authors:   Faculty of Philosophy, University of Tuzla, Selimović Sead
Published: March 2021

Bosnia and Herzegovina was a distinctly agrarian country before World War II. As many as 84.10% of the population lived from agriculture, forestry and fishing. From industry, mining and crafts, 6.70% lived, trade, loans and traffic 3.10%, public services, the liberal professions and the military 3.60%, and other occupations 2.50% population. In World War II, Bosnia and Herzegovina suffered enormous human and material losses. The economy was almost completely destroyed. During the war, 130 major industrial enterprises and 24 mines, 95 sawmills that had 209 gaters were destroyed or damaged, and almost all traffic communications. Most of the agricultural inventory was destroyed and the livestock stock reduced by more than 70%. The school buildings were also spared no destruction. As many as 904, out of 1,043 school buildings, were destroyed and ineligible for teaching. Economic goods destroyed and exploited all military formations, but most of all the German and Italian armies.
Državna politika „diferencijacije“ sveštenika Srpske pravoslavne crkve u Bosni i Hercegovini (1945-1963)
Authors:   Faculty of Philosophy, University of Tuzla, Bećirović Denis
Published: March 2021

Addressing the issue of the state policy of separating the "loyal" from the "disloyal" priests of the Serbian Orthodox Church in Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1945 to 1963 is one of the most neglected issues in Bosnia and Herzegovina's historiography. In this paper, based on unpublished historical sources and available literature, the author contextualises the political circumstances of the state policy of differentiation of the "positive" from the "reactionary" priests of the Serbian Orthodox Church in Bosnia and Herzegovina, pointing to the motives and policy-makers of such a policy, and analyses its manifestation and effects. Furthermore, the author separately analyses the causes, motives and flow of the policy of granting state honours and decorations to individual priests in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Establishment and initial activities of the cultural society of Bosniaks “Preporod” (“Revival)” in Osijek after Second World War
Authors:   Faculty of Philosophy, University of Tuzla, Hadžimusić Semir
Published: March 2021

There are few scientific papers or books written about the establishment and activities of the Cultural Society of Bosniaks (Muslims) "Preporod" in Bosnia and Herzegovina 1945-1949. There are almost no relevant published research on this topic in the historiography of Bosnia and Herzegovina so far. The author explains, based on the primary historical sources, the establishment and initial activities of Preporod’s local committee (board) in Osijek (Croatia) during the first half of 1946. This committee was one of three Preporod’s commitees located outside of Bosnia and Herzegovina
An intraparty dispute at the beginning of the 1970s. The case of Pasaga Mandzic and Tuzla group
Authors:   Institute of History, University of Sarajevo, Sarač-Rujanac Dženita
Published: March 2021

In this paper, the author emphasizes the specific case of the Bosnian-Herzegovinian intraparty dispute in the context of the reconstruction of the republican leaderships in Yugoslavia, the change of “Croatian Spring participants” and “liberals” as well as the so-called “senior cadres” at the beginning of 1970s. Pasaga Mandzic's years-long dispute with the current political leadership in Tuzla and also in the Republic will touch upon various issues, from plans and results of economic and urban development, integration of enterprises, organization and activities of political and party leadership to establishing the "historical truth" about the events throughout the war years 1941 and 1942. Considering the current socio-political discourse, Mandzic will come out very boldly, demanding that it is finally time to "speak openly" about the actual war events, the consequences of Partisan-Chetnik cooperation at the end of 1941, the dominance of the Serb element in the communist leadership and its attitude towards the Bosniaks during the war, but also in the post-war period. The insistence on establishing the "real truth" entailed a revision of the existing image of a "glorious war past", which also raised the question of consistent application of the principles of brotherhood and unity. Ultimately, years of clarification resulted in the political elimination and moral discredit of Pasaga Mandzic.
Review: Izet Šabotić, Čifčijski odnosi i promjena vlasništva nad zemljom u Bosni i Hercegovini (1878-1918), Centar za istraživanje moderne i savremene historije Tuzla, Tuzla 2019, 320 str.
Authors:   Faculty of Philosophy Nikšić, Tomović Nada
Published: March 2021

Review: Izet Šabotić, Čifčijski odnosi i promjena vlasništva nad zemljom u Bosni i Hercegovini (1878-1918), Centar za istraživanje moderne i savremene historije Tuzla, Tuzla 2019, 320 str.
Review: Marko Attila Hoare, Bosanski Muslimani u Drugom svjetskom ratu, Vrijeme, Zenica 2019, 539 str.
Authors:   Tuzla, Kabil Ibrahim
Published: March 2021

Review: Marko Attila Hoare, Bosanski Muslimani u Drugom svjetskom ratu, Vrijeme, Zenica 2019, 539 str.
Review: Salih Jalimam, Kulin. Veliki ban Bosne, Udruženje za zaštitu intelektualnih i kulturnih vrijednosti „Zenica“, Zenica 2019, 249 str.
Authors:   Sarajevo, Hadžiabdić Adnan
Published: March 2021

Review: Salih Jalimam, Kulin. Veliki ban Bosne, Udruženje za zaštitu intelektualnih i kulturnih vrijednosti „Zenica“, Zenica 2019, 249 str.
Bosniac families of the settlemenets of Ljeskovik in the second half of the 19th century
Authors:   University of Tuzla, Suljić Alija , Hasanović Hasib , Osmanović Enez
Published: March 2021

The forming process of the modern Bosniac families in Ljeskovik settlement started at the beginning of the 17th century, and lasted till the end of the 19th century. However, the whole process can be tracked down from the mid 19th century, covered with data collected during the first census in Bosnia from 1850/51, and according to the informations gethered from land books of the Srebrenica District from 1894 andfrom there onwards. The first census from 1850/51 considered only male population. From the data collected in 1850/51, there are seven families or surnames in Ljeskovik, and those are: Čaušević, Duraković, Hodžić, Jahčić, (Bihačić), Kamramović, Mahmudović, Omerović, and Tabaković. By the end of the 19th century according to land books of the cadastral district of Ljeskovik, there are 43 surnames, or family names recorded: Aganović, Avdić, Beširović, Buljubašić, Demirović, Dervišević, Džanić, Efendić, Halilović, Hasanović (Duraković), Hasanović (Vranjkovina), Hasić, Hodžić, Husić, Kreševljaković, Mahmutović, Malović, Mandžić, Mehanović, Mehmedović, Memić, Mujčinović, Mujić, Mujić (Mahmutović), Mustafić, Mustafi (Katanić), Numanović, Omerović, Osmanović, Salkić, Salihović, Selimović, Selmanagić, Sinanović, Smajić (Omerović), Smajlović (Čaušević), Softić, Suljić, Špiodić, Tabaković, Travničanin, i Zukić. This work covers only families that use to live in Ljeskovik in the second half of the 19th century.
Educational situation in Herzegovina during the period of Kingdoms Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1918-1929)
Authors:   Faculty of Humanities, Džemal Bijedić University in Mostar, Velagić Adnan
Published: March 2021

In the first years of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Kingdom of SHS), the educational situation in Herzegovina was very bad. The low level of literacy (in some areas over 90%) and the small number of educational institutions, gave a negative picture, which was further complicated by the incompetence and slowness of the state administration. From the mid-1920s, the situation began to change. The construction of schools and literacy through course teaching were significant, but still insufficient steps to solve all the accumulated problems in this area. Based on unpublished sources and relevant literature, the paper discusses the state of the school system in Herzegovina, during the first period of monarchist Yugoslavia (1918-1929).
SORET AND DUFOUR EFFECTS ON THREE DIMENSIONAL MIXED CONVECTIVE HYDROMAGENTIC FLOW OF A VISCO-ELASTIC FLUID PAST AN INFINITE INCLINED PLATE
Authors: DAS U. J.
Published: March 2021

This study focuses analytically on a steady three dimensional mixed convective hydromagnetic flow of an incompressible, electrically conducting, visco-elastic fluid past an infinite inclined porous plate with transverse sinusoidal suction velocity, incorporating Soret and Dufour effects. The expressions for the velocity, temperature field, concentration field, skin friction at the plate, Nusselt number and Sherwood number at the plate are obtained. It is seen that fluid velocity decreases under the effects of Soret number and visco-elastic parameter. Also, it is seen that skin friction increases under the effects of visco-elastic parameter whereas Soret number and Dufour number reduces the viscous drag on the plate for both Newtonian and visco-elastic cases.
ENERGETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS OF THE DRYING OF MINERAL WITH THE USE OF RESIDUAL GASES
Authors: ZALAZAR C. O. , GÓNGORA E. L. , HAESELDONCKX D. , CANEGHEM J. V. , RETIRADO Y. M.
Published: March 2021

In the present research, the energetic and environmental analysis of the lateritic ore drying process in a horizontal rotary kiln it carried out. It aims to assess the feasibility of the use of gases products of the ore reduction process in vertical furnaces. In addition, it is analyzed the energetic and environmental impact of the use of these gases as energy sources. In order to meet the objectives outlined, measurements were taken at the facility, obtaining the main operating parameters. It was also applied the balance and energy methods to verify that the use of the waste gases brings to the process the 18 % of the energy required and reduces in a 26 % the fuel consumption.
NONLINEAR MODELS FOR INFRARED DRYING OF MINT
Authors: BASAR E. K. , HEYBELI N. , FIRAT M. Z. , ERTEKIN* C.
Published: March 2021

In this paper, 105 different semitheoretical and empirical thin layer drying models were used for describing the drying process of the mint leaves. Comparisons of the overall goodness of fit were based on Coefficient of Determination (R2), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). It was concluded that five parameter Cedergreen-Ritz-Streibig modified log-logistic functions with alpha equal to 0.25 (CRS5C) model describe the infrared drying process of the mint leaves. Furthermore, temperature effect was investigated by using reduction test. Finally, it was found that the effect is statistically significant and the model with separate trends fits these data better.
THE GLYCEROL´S WAY. A BRIEF REVIEW OF OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: OROZCO-NUÑEZ SYLVIA I. , DIAZ-JIMENEZ LOURDES , CARLOS-HERNANDEZ SALVADOR
Published: March 2021

In this paper, the recent state of the art, for about the last 4 years, of glycerol revalorization is presented. The study is focused on the vast opportunities associated to glycerol transformation. The operating conditions related to catalytic or biological conversion of crude glycerol such as catalytic deactivation, use of solvents, reaction type, selectivity yields and production cost are also analyzed. It was found that crude glycerol is a promising sustainable source of commodities such as hydrogen, solketal, ethanol, methanol, acrolein, carbonate, epichlorohydrin, among others. Also, the main challenges related to glycerol revalorization such as catalytic stability, selectivity and conversion yields, as well as cost on catalyst regeneration and novel processes are identified.
DESIGN OF AN EXPERIMENTAL DEVICE FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF THE COEFFICIENT OF RESTITUTION
Authors: Borsa Eugenia , Paulo Cecilia Inés , Petit Horacio Andrés , Piña Juliana
Published: March 2021

In this work an experimental device was designed and built to measure the coefficient of restitution of particles of different type and size. The aim of the study is to analyze the dependence of the coefficient of restitution with the impact velocity, the shape and mass of the particles. Three types of particles of different origin and shape were used: lentils, urea granules and polyethylene pellets. Besides, two impact materials were evaluated: steel and polycarbonate. The images were captured with a high resolution camera, recording the moment at which the particles impact and bounce on the surface. Image processing software was used to obtain the position of the particle at the instants before and after the impact. The particle velocities before and after the collision were calculated and the coefficient of restitution of the particles were obtained. The experimental results showed the dependence of the coefficient of restitution with the studied variables, providing useful information about the energy dissipation for numerical simulations and a breakthrough in the study of gas-solid flow systems.
ADVANCED ANALYTICS APPLIED TO PROBLEM SOLVING TECHNIQUE ON A PULP MILL
Authors: De Carli Felipe , Mejia R. I.G. , De Araújo Guilherme A.T.
Published: March 2021

In this article, advanced analytics will be applied to the lean 8 step problem solving technique aiming to increase the data analysis reliability. The modelling techniques consider in this work are boosted and bagging decision trees, artificial neural networks, relief and stepwise regression. The proposal is validated by the evaluation of a bleaching process problem on a pulp mill. The high pressure events on bleaching washer feeding stage resulted on bleaching non planned shutdowns. The lean 8 steps problem solving technique allied to advanced analytics modeling tools reduced the high pressure events on 63%. As a result, the plant reduced its loss of production due to bleaching plant and allowed to increase the pulp production rate. On this example the relief, decision trees and stepwise regression algorithms proved to be a well-tuned packet for problem solving in a pulp mill.
N,N-DIMETHYLACRYLAMIDE HYDROGELS FOR CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY. INFLUENCE OF NETWORK STRUCTURE AND DRUG SOLUBILITY ON THE LOAD AND RELEASE MECHANISMS
Authors: GONZALEZ Veronica D.G. , GARCIA V. S. , GUGLIOTTA Luis M.
Published: March 2021

The aim of the present work was to synthesize sustained-release hydrogels based on N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) to study the effect of the polymer matrix structure and the solubility of drugs on the load and release mechanisms. A series of crosslinked DMA hydrogels were synthesized with different monomer concentration and crosslinker to monomer ratio by free radical aqueous solution polymerization at 37ºC using N,N-methylen-bis-acrylamide as crosslinking agent. The effect of total monomer concentration and degree of crosslinking on the water absorption, glass transition temperature values, mechanical properties, and load/release of different drugs was studied. Main results showed that: a) the structure of the network, obtained by varying the monomer and crosslinking agent concentration, is a factor that governs the chemical and physical properties of the hydrogel (water absorption, glass transition temperature, storage and loss moduli, network parameters), b) the rate and amount of drug released from swellable hydrogels depend on both the degree of hydrogel crosslinking and the water solubility of the drug. In all cases, as the concentration of the crosslinker agent increased, the swelling capacity of the hydrogels was reduced and drugs with high solubility in water were more easily released, probably due to their greater affinity for the medium.
SYNTHESIS OF ACILGLYCERIDES WITH HIGH NUTRITIONAL VALUE BY AN ENZYMATIC TWO-STEP PROCESS
Authors: Sánchez Daniel Alberto , Ferreira María Luján , Tonetto Gabriela Marta
Published: March 2021

Acylglycerides are esters formed from glycerol and fatty acids. The structure of these glycerides affects their digestion and absorption. In this work, the synthesis of acylglycerides with high nutritional value by an enzymatic process in two stages is presented. In the first stage, the esterification of glycerol and capric acid catalyzed by Lipozyme RM IM was carried out. In this reaction, 73% conversion of capric acid and 71% selectivity to 1,3-dicaprin was achieved. The diglyceride was separated and purified efficiently by a simple liquid-liquid extraction procedure. The dicaprin was esterified with palmitic acid using Burkholderia cepacia lipase immobilized on chitosan as the catalyst. In this second stage conversions of 1,3-dicaprin with values between 48 and 87% and with high selectivity towards the esterification of the sn-2 position were achieved. The reaction product had between 76 and 90% of acylglycerides with high nutritional value, depending on the reaction conditions.
ON-LINE PROCESS MONITORING USING A ROBUST STATISTICS BASED METHODOLOGY
Authors: Llanos Claudia , Chavez Galletti Roberto , Sánchez Mabel Cristina , Maronna Ricardo
Published: March 2021

Robust Data Reconciliation strategies provide unbiased variable estimates in the presence of a moderate quantity of measurement gross errors. Systematic errors which persist in time, as biases or drifts, overcome this quantity causing the deterioration of the estimates. This also occurs due to the presence of process leaks. The fast detection of those faults avoids the use of biased solutions of the data reconciliation procedure, and allows to perform quick corrective actions. In this work, a methodology for leak detection is incorporated into a robust data reconciliation procedure that detects and classifies systematic observation errors. The strategy makes use of the Robust Measurement Test, to detect outliers and leaks, and the Robust Linear Regression of the data contained in a moving window to distinguish between biases and drifts. The methodology is applied for two benchmarks extracted from the literature. Results highlight the performance of the proposed strategy.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE PRODUCTION PROCESS OF BIODIESEL FROM JATROPHA CURCAS OIL
Authors: Laborde María Fernanda , Orifici Laura Ivana , Bandoni José Alberto , Serna Gonzalez Medardo , Ponce Ortega José María , Gely María Cristina , Pagano Ana Maria
Published: March 2021

In this paper was assessed the potential of biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas oil. The proposed process was simulated in the software Aspen Plus™ involving the stages of trans-esterification reaction, methanol recovering, purification of the obtained methyl esters, catalyst removing, purifying of glycerol and the energy integration through heat exchange networks (HEN). The biodiesel process was carried out through the catalytic reaction of transesterification of Jatropha oil with methanol using a molar ratio of methanol oil of 6:1, and with 1% w/w of NaOH (related to oil mass) as catalyst. Under these conditions, it is technologically feasible to carry out the production of biodiesel. With energy integration through the synthesis of HENs, reductions of 100% and 41.3% of hot and cold utilities were achieved. This way, the utility cost decreases 70.92%. The net present value (NPV) for the integrated process was 70.64% higher than the one corresponding to the non-integrated process under the same production conditions.
IMPACT OF SUCTION/INJECTION AND HEAT TRANSFER ON UNSTEADY MHD FLOW OVER A STRETCHABLE ROTATING DISK
Authors: Prasad K. V. , Vaidya Hanumesh , Makinde O D , Vajravelu Kuppalapalle , Ramajini V
Published: March 2021

In this article, the unsteady magnetohydrodynamic two-dimensional boundary layer flow and heat transfer over a stretchable rotating disk with mass suction/injection is investigated. Temperature-dependent physical properties and convective boundary conditions are taken into account. The governing coupled nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations by adopting the well-known similarity transformations. Further, the solutions are obtained through the semi-analytical method called an Optimal Homotopy Analysis Method (OHAM). The obtained results are discussed graphically to predict the features of the involved key parameters which are monitoring the flow model. The skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are also examined. The validation of the present work is verified with the earlier published results and is found to be in excellent agreement. It is noticed that an increase in the viscosity parameter leads to decay in momentum boundary layer thickness, and the inverse trend is observed in the case of the temperature profile.
1,3-DIGLYCERIDE-RICH EDIBLE OILS FROM GLYCEROLYSIS OF VEGETABLE OILS. EFFECT OF THE CATALYST BASIC PROPERTIES
Authors: Dosso Liza Anailen , Luggren Pablo Jorge , Di Cosimo Juana Isabel
Published: March 2021

Vegetable edible oils enriched in diglycerides were obtained by glycerolysis under heterogeneous catalysis conditions using MgO as catalyst. These oils contain up to 32% of the 1,3-diglyceride isomer, which is believed to present unique nutritional properties to prevent obesity, compared to triglycerides or 1,2-diglycerides. The base site density and strength distribution of the different sites (weak, medium and strong) present on MgO as well as the initial oil conversion rate depend on the preparation procedure. The density of medium-strength sites increases upon increasing the severity of the preparation procedure in the range of 673-873K in parallel to the initial oil conversion rate. These results confirm that medium-strength base sites promote the kinetically relevant reaction steps involved in the glycerolysis of vegetable oils.
DUAL SOLUTIONS OF BOUNDARY LAYER FLOW WITH HEAT AND MASS TRANSFERS OVER AN EXPONENTIALLY SHRINKING CYLINDER: STABILITY ANALYSIS
Authors: Dey Debasish , Borah Rupjyoti
Published: March 2021

Boundary layer flow with heat and mass transfers over a stretching/shrinking cylinder has been investigated. The governing partial differential equations are converted into a set of ordinary differential equations using suitable similarity transformations and have been solved numerically using MATLAB built in bvp4c solver technique. The numerical results are graphically discussed in the form of velocity, temperature and concentration distributions for various values of flow parameters. Numerical results show that dual solutions are possible in specific range of the suction parameter. A stability analysis is executed to obtain which solution is linearly stable and physically realizable.
CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER AND POWER SAVING APPLICATION OF SI BASED NANOPARTICLES IN A CIRCULAR PIPE
Authors: Rabby Md Insiat Islam , Hossain Farzad , Amin S.A.M. Shafwat , Mumu Tazeen Afrin , Bhuiyan MD Ashraf Hossain , Sadrul-Islam A.K.M.
Published: March 2021

A numerical study of laminar forced convection heat transfer for the fully developed region inside a circular pipe filled with Si based nanoparticle is presented for investigating the parameters of heat transfer. Four Si based nanoparticles Si, SiC, SiO2, Si3N4 with 1-5% volume fraction have been mixed with water to prepare nanofluids which is used for working fluid to flow over a circular pipe with 5mm diameter and 700mm length. Heat transfer characteristics and pumping power have been calculated at fully developed region with constant heat flux condition on pipe wall to identify the heat transfer enhancement ratio and pumping power reduction ratio among base fluid water and each nanofluids. It is worth mentioning that utilizing SiC nanoparticle shows not only the highest increment of Nusselt number and convective heat transfer coefficient but also the highest decrement of pumping power requirement and FOM in comparison to the base fluid.
ECCENTRIC INDICES OF CRYSTAL CUBIC CARBON STRUCTURE
Authors: Naeem Muhammad , Baig A.Q. , Zahid M.A. , Qaisar S. , Bari M.
Published: March 2021

Chemical graph theory helps to understand the structural properties of a molecular graph. The molecular graphs are the graphs that consists of atoms called vertices and the covalent bond between them called edges. The eccentricity _u of vertex u in a connected graph G, is the distance between u and a vertex far- thermost from u. In this article, we study the modified eccentric connectivity index _c(G), Ediz eccentric connectivity index E_c(G), Augmented Eccentric Connectivity index A_(G), superaugmented eccentric connectivity index-1, index-2, index-3 and modi_ed eccentric connectivity polynomial _c(G; x) of CCC(n) of crystal structure of cubic carbon for n-levels.
BIOCHAR PECAN NUTSHELL VIA PYROLYSIS FOR USE AS AN ADSORBENT: AN APPLIED STUDY FOR THE REMOVAL OF HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM
Authors: Ferreira A. B. , Baierle A.L. , Zazycki M.A. , Perondi D. , Godinho M. , Foletto E.L. , Dotto G.L. , Carvalho Collazzo Gabriela
Published: March 2021

The pyrolysis process was used for the production of biochar and carried out a study for removal of Cr (VI) in aqueous solutions. The maximum removal reached was 94 % for a Cr (VI) solution at 50 mg L-1. The Elovich model described very well the adsorption kinetics of Cr (VI) on the biochar and the adsorption equilibrium was described by Sips model. This suggests that adsorption of Cr (VI) onto biochar was controlled by chemisorption and the biochar was covered by the surface layer of the Cr (VI). The thermodynamic parameters showed that this adsorption process was spontaneous, favorable and exothermic. The results of this study show that this adsorbent material prepared by pyrolysis has a good response when applied to the removal of Cr (VI) in aqueous solutions.
FEASIBILITY TO PRODUCING SECOND GENERATION BIOETHANOL IN BOLIVIA
Authors: Gil Antonio , Beltran Siñani M.
Published: March 2021

The bioethanol that is produced worldwide is mostly obtained from agricultural crops such as sugarcane and corn. However, it has negative environmental effects, so the option of producing bioethanol from agricultural waste arises. This work evaluates the feasibility to produce second generation bietanol from oranges residues (peel and bagasse) produced in the province of Chapare, Bolivia. The estimation is carried out from the reducing sugars, determined by the DNS method, individual sugars, determined by HPLC, produced by acidic and enzymatic hydrolysis of the residues. Similarly, the amount of ethanol produced by fermentation of the samples is quantified. Regarding the results obtained, the best alternative in terms of bioethanol production is the enzymatic hydrolysis. An economic and environmental impact evaluation are also included considering the production of bioethanol from real orange residues.
CHARACTERIZATION OF LONG PERIOD GRATINGS MANUFACTURED WITH FIBER OPTIC FUSION SPLICER FOR SENSOR DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Alustiza Diego , Mineo Marcos , Russo Nélida Araceli
Published: March 2021

A Long Period Grating (LPG) is a structure inscribed in an optical fiber that is of great interest in the field of communications and sensors. At Centro de Investigaciones Ópticas (CIOp), an LPG manufacturing process was implemented. It is based on use of electric arcs produced with an optical fiber splicer to generate a series of physical disturbances that modify optical fiber behavior as a light transmission guide. Since transmission response of LPG is sensitive to fiber environment conditions, it can be used to detect changes in certain physical and chemical parameters. In particular, it enables the implementation of optical sensors sensitive to temperature, surrounding medium refractive index and axial deformation. Characterization of locally generated LPGs is essential for future design of sensors applicable in many engineering areas. In this article, typical LPG sensitivities to the three mentioned parameters are reported.
QUANTUM CHEMICAL STUDY FOR THE TOXICITY PREDICTION OF SULFONAMIDE ANTIBIOTICS WITH QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE – ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP
Authors: Aydogdu S. , Hatipoglu Arzu
Published: March 2021

Sulfonamides are one of the most important classes of chemicals found in the aquatic environment as a pollutant due to excessive consumption. The DFT- B3LYP method with the basis set 6-311++G (d,p) was employed to calculate various quantum chemical descriptors of sulfonamide molecules. A quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) study was performed for the toxicity value LD50 of sulfonamides with their quantum chemical descriptors by multi linear regression. The QSAR models were validated by internally and externally. The best multilinear equation with correlation coefficient, R and the cross-validation leave-one-out correlation coefficient, Q2 values were 0.9528 ,0.8556 respectively The results show that the QSAR models have both favourable estimation stability and good prediction power.
INVESTIGATION OF THE SPECTRUM OF A GENERALIZED FRIEDRICHS MODEL: NON-INTEGRAL LATTICE CASE
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Repubic of Uzbekistan, Tulkin Tulkin , Nematova Shokhida
Published: March 2021

The article investigates the essential and discrete spectrum of the self-adjoint generalized Friedrichs model. This model corresponds to a system consisting of no more than two particles on a non-integral lattice, and operates in a truncated subspace of Fock space. The number and location of eigenvalues is determined according to the "interaction parameter". Anobvious form of the eigenvectors is found
CREATING AND ASSOCI TING AND ASSOCIATING TABLES IN A ABLES IN ACCESS PROGRAM
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Repubic of Uzbekistan, Sayidova Nazokat Sayfullaevna , Rakhmatova Shakhlo , Berdieva Sarvinoz Mamadradjabovna ,   Bukhara academic lyceum of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Published: March 2021

In this article, the sequence of creating tables and linking them with each other is developed in the Access program. The creation of any database begins with the creation of its project. The main task of the database designer is to choose the objects and the parameters that characterize them, establish links between the data. The file, which is stored in the data itself and managed under the database management system, is known before-called motlar Bank, and later began to be referred to as the database dab
THE CHANNEL FROM SIRD ANNEL FROM SIRDARYA TO BUKHARA: TRUTH OR ARA: TRUTH OR FRAUD
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Repubic of Uzbekistan, Orziev Makhmud Zaynievich
Published: March 2021

This article considers the "Turkistan Collection" and the historical literature about the channel that flows from Syrdarya to Bukhara and supplies the north-western region of the oasis with water. We hope that in the future our archeologists will reveal the problems related to the Syrdarya and its tributaries, canals, their direction, water capacity, water consumption, the volume of irrigated crops.
WORD, MEANING AND CONTEXT
Authors:   Language Coordinator Nakhchivan University of Azerbaijan, Huseynova Elmira Abdulla
Published: March 2021

This article attempts to prove that there is a dynamic relationship between the meaning of a word and the context. The meaning of the word itself creates a context. In DVM the most marked meaning of a word is identified by socio-cultural factors. The most marked value of linguistic units has a psychological reality not only for the listener, but also for the speaker. When expressing intentions the speaker chooses words that are the most marked to express his intention.
PREPARING THE EDUCA ARING THE EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS USING LMS ALS USING LMS PLATFORM
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Repubic of Uzbekistan, Boltayev Telman Bakayevich , Murodov Shukrilla Abdusaid ugli
Published: March 2021

This article discusses how to develop and apply a learning environment in a structured way, taking into account the student’s personal abilities, using the Moodle platform, which is part of the LMS system. One of the primary factors of increasing the effectiveness of training for the training of specialists who meet today’s requirements is the preparation of the above-mentioned training materials with scientifically-practical significance
THE SCIEN THE SCIENTIST, WHO H , WHO HAS MADE BUKH ADE BUKHARA THE “DOME OF ARA THE “DOME OF ISLAM”
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Repubic of Uzbekistan, Khamidov Obidjon Khafizovich , Rakhimov Komiljon Rakhmatovich
Published: March 2021

This article describes the famous scientist from Bukhara, Abu Hafs Kabir-Khazrati Imam Bukhari, who has made Bukhara the "dome of Islam". The whole Islamic world is known by the name of Abu Hafs Kabir Bukhari great fikhshunos and philosopher, theologian, the great muhaddis, , the Sultan of the scribes and the captain, Imam Bukhari's contemporaries and mentor Abu Hafs Ahmad ibn Hafs ibn Zibarqan ibn Abdullah ibn Bahr al-Kabir Al-Ijliy al-Bukhari Al-Faqih Al-Hanafi
THE ROLE OF THE BIOGRAPHICAL METHOD IN CHARACTERIZING THE CH TERIZING THE CHARACTER OF THE HERO
Authors:   Navoi State Pedagogical Institute of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Kobulova Nodira Bakhodirovna
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the role of biographical method in the lighting and analysis of the nature and creativity of the writer. It is safe to say that the inner human desire for freedom, courage, fear of evil and lies, the confusion of the paths of destiny, is an image that reflects the modern image. The characters in a work of art have a legal basis, not a random one, in which the writer's point of view is an important factor. This is evidenced by the analysis of the works of Erkin Azam, which we have seen above.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF USING A BIOGRAPHICAL METHOD IN CONCEPTU CONCEPTUALIZING N ALIZING NAVOI’S LI OI’S LITERATURE
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Repubic of Uzbekistan, Adizova Obodon Istamovna , Kahhorova Gulrukh Shavkatovna
Published: March 2021

The article describes the skill of academician Aziz Kayumov in using biographical methods in understanding the works of Navoi. The study of Navoi's works in a biographical way, that is, the approach to the author's work in terms of his biography, period of life, is a priority of the literary critic A. Kayumov, and fully demonstrates that it is the best way to understand Navoi This method is based on the fact that the poet's works contain information about his biography.
POETIC INTERPRETATION OF NONEXIST TION OF NONEXISTANCE (F ANCE (FANA) IN THE A) IN THE EPIC “LAILI AND MAJNUN” OF FUZULI
Authors:   Karshi State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Kahhorova Shahnoza Abdimuminovna
Published: March 2021

In the article It is conceived about the views of the author according to Sufism, particularly, about the artistic interpretation of the status of FanoendBaka in the epic poem of "Layli end Majnun". Fuzuli's epic "Layla and Majnun" was a mystical epic along with secularism, in which the poet skillfully created a tax in the person of Majnun, Ruhi Mutlaq in the person of Layla.
PHILOSOPHY OF “FEMALE PROSE”
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Repubic of Uzbekistan, Murtazaeva Feruza Rashitovna
Published: March 2021

The article considers “female prose” as a phenomenon. Of particular interest is the work of the bright Russian writer Victoria Tokareva. Tokareva is interested in such moral categories as mental uneasiness, the need for self-expression, the fear of loneliness. These categories are never addressed by low-quality, purely entertaining writers, where the reader becomes an “imaginer” or “dreamer,” a passive consumer and observer. Whose work can be attributed to the galaxy of Lyudmila Petrushevskaya, Tatyana Tolstoy, Lyudmila Ulitskaya, etc.
BAKHSHI ART SCHOOLS AND THEIR PERFORMING FEATURES
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Repubic of Uzbekistan, Kushaev Ilkhom Akhtamovich
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the art of bakhshi, a school that was formed, their performers, traditions of performance, repertoire, as well as contemporary issues of education of dastans. In the past, within the traditions of epic performance, there were schools of epic poetry, which differed from each other with certain peculiarities of performance. At present, there are Bulungur, Kurgan, Shakhrisabz, Kamay, Sherabad, Khorezm and other schools of epic poetry in Uzbekistan
ORTHOLOGY AS A SCIENCE ABOUT LITERARY NORM
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Repubic of Uzbekistan, Shirinova Mekhrigiyo Shokirovna
Published: March 2021

The article gives an overview of the origin, meaning, application areas of theorthology on the basis of dictionaries and summarizes its interpretations given in the dictionaries. At a time when orthology is being studied as a separate discipline in world linguistics, the sources of Uzbek linguistics still do not include this concept in dictionaries, which indicates that there is a lot of research to be done before our linguistics.
THE INFLUENCE OF GAMES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLECTUAL AND PH AL AND PHYSICAL A SICAL ACTIVITY FOR PRESCHOOL Y FOR PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Repubic of Uzbekistan, Ikromov Amirbek Aminovich
Published: March 2021

This article outlines the scientific role of games in the development of preschool children. The character of the child is also influenced by the teacher's ability not only to play independent games, but also to stimulate the child's interest in the game, to give him new privileges, and furthermore serves adding new words and phrases related to the problem.
STUDYING THE BASIS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN THE SCHOOL PROGRAM PHYSICS
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Repubic of Uzbekistan, Daminov Mirzohid Islamovich , Kakhkhorov Siddik Kakhkhorovich , Mustafayev Utkir Rustamovich
Published: March 2021

The article poses questions about introducing nanotechnology training into the program of the general secondary school as a special course, since nanotechnology is one of the most developing areas of modern science. We drew attention to the role of a comprehensive school in the training of modern highly-qualified personnel who can solve complex scientific, technological problems with innovative approaches.
THE ISSUES OF STATE INDEPENDENCE IN THE COMMENTS OF THINKERS
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Repubic of Uzbekistan, Ergasheva Mavluda Zulkandar kizi
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of views of enlightened thinkers on the state independence. At the beginning of the XX century, against the colonial oppression, the rule of the tyrannical system, encouraged the people to freedom and freedom, fought for the freedom of Motherland and national independence, the enlightened thinkers who died on this path have the irreplaceable civil courage and the restoration of the national independent state, mutual unity and cooperation, rich teachings on the need, legal democracy is as important in the realization of the noble goal as the construction of a state
TOP EVALUATION FOR THE RA TION FOR THE RATE OF FUNC TE OF FUNCTIONAL OF ERROR AL OF ERROR WEIGHT CUBATURE FORMUL TURE FORMULA IN SP A IN SPACE
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Repubic of Uzbekistan, Jalolov Ozodjon Isomidinovich , Khayatov Khurshidzhon Usmanovich
Published: March 2021

An upper bound is obtained for the norm of the error functional of the weight cubature formula in the Sobolev space . The modern formulation of the problem of optimization of approximate integration formulas is to minimize the norm of the error functional of the formula on the selected normalized spaces. In these works, the problem of optimality with respect to some definite space is investigated. Most of the problems are considered in the Sobolev space