bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The environmental analysis of semi-trailers carriage in the intermodal transport
Authors: Merkisz-Guranowska Agnieszka , Czerwiński Jarosław
Published: July 2021

W artykule przeprowadzono analizę uciążliwości środowiskowej przewozu towarów naczepami, z wykorzystaniem zarówno transportu drogowego, jak i kolejowego. W tym drugim przypadku uwzględniono transport naczep przy wykorzystaniu intermodalnych wagonów kolejowych ciągniętych przez lokomotywę spalinową. Aspekty ekologiczne koncentrowały się na takich szkodliwych związkach, jak: tlenek węgla, węglowodory i tlenki azotu.
Safety aspects of driving freight wagons on 1XTa bogeys with leaf springs when travelling in quasi-static conditions on warped track
Authors: Sobaś Marek
Published: July 2021

Artykuł jest podsumowaniem rozważań analitycznych w poprzednich pracach dotyczących kwalifikacji resorów w wózkach 1XTa, przeznaczonych do wagonów czteroosiowych. W artykule przedstawiono obliczenia przejazdu przykładowego wagonu cysterny w warunkach quasi-statycznych przez łuk o promieniu R=150 m. Przedstawiono wyniki obliczeń wskaźnika wykolejenia dla wagonów cystern wyposażonych w cztery grupy resorów o różnych sztywnościach oraz wnioski z obliczeń analitycznych.
Safety of riding of freight wagons with 1xta bogies with leaf springs in aspect of strength and riding on twisted tracks
Authors: Sobaś Marek
Published: July 2021

Artykuł jest kontynuacją poprzedniej publikacji [3], w której przedstawiono sposób
badania resorów piórowych oraz ich wpływ na bezpieczeństwo jazdy wagonów towarowych.
Resory piórowe występują w wózku 1XTa, który nie jest wózkiem standardowym
ERRI/UIC, ale jest stosowany w ruchu krajowym oraz w ruchu międzynarodowym.
W artykule przedstawiono obliczenia wytrzymałościowe resoru oraz analizę jego
parametrów w określonej populacji.
The use of alternative fuels in railway vehicles
Authors: Stawecki Włodzimierz , Merkisz-Guranowska Agnieszka , Andrzejewski Maciej , Daszkiewicz Paweł
Published: July 2021

W ostatnich latach nastąpił znaczny wzrost liczby ludności na świecie, a tym samym wzrost zapotrzebowania na transport. Aby sprostać temu zapotrzebowaniu, konieczny jest zrównoważony rozwój sektora transportu, tak aby nie zwiększać zanieczyszczenia środowiska. Wymagania co do ograniczeń emisji związków toksycznych wymuszają wprowadzanie zmian konstrukcyjnych w silnikach pojazdów, stosowanie nowoczesnych i skutecznych układów oczyszczania spalin silnika oraz poprawę sposobu użytkowania pojazdów. Redukcję emisji zanieczyszczeń i zużycia paliwa można osiągnąć także poprzez wykorzystanie paliw alternatywnych, w tym gazowych, jak również ich współspalanie z paliwami konwencjonalnymi. W artykule przedstawiono przede wszystkim wyniki badań toksyczności spalin z pojazdu kolejowego, zasilanego paliwem B100 (tzw. biodiesel). Wykazano różnice w stężeniach toksycznych związków w układzie wylotowym silnika.
Shunting locomotive energy consumption assessment during modernization works on the 354 railway line
Authors: Andrzejewski Maciej , Daszkiewicz Paweł , Czerwiński Jarosław , Merkisz-Guranowska Agnieszka
Published: July 2021

W pracach torowych obserwuje się pewne marnotrawstwo energetyczne, spowodowane między innymi długimi i bezproduktywnymi postojami maszyn z włączonymi silnikami (nieefektywna praca na biegu jałowym). Ponadto często występujące niewielkie obciążenie silnika spalinowego jest przyczyną zasadniczo dużego zużycia paliwa (mała sprawność ogólna). Przeprowadzone analizy miały na celu określenie warunków eksploatacji i wielkości zużycia paliwa przez lokomotywę SM42 wykorzystywaną w trakcie prowadzenia prac modernizacyjnych na linii kolejowej.
Modern systems and assemblies in modernized 6Di and 19D locomotives
Authors: Michalak Piotr , Jakuszko Wojciech , Far Mariusz
Published: July 2021

Artykuł jest poświęcony prezentacji nowoczesnych układów i zespołów zastosowanych w modernizowanych lokomotywach manewrowych. W artykule przedstawiono główne parametry lokomotyw przed i po modernizacji. Opisano trzy typy lokomotyw: 6Di z silnikiem Caterpillar, 6Di z silnikiem Cumminsa oraz 19D z silnikiem MTU. Artykuł zawiera ponadto szereg informacji o zakresie modernizacji lokomotyw oraz charakterystyki trakcyjne.
Analytical studies, numerical MES and bench tests of the strength of a rail vehicle axles
Authors: Kronkowska Patrycja
Published: July 2021

W artykule przedstawiono analizę wytrzymałościową osi pojazdu szynowego na podstawie wyników badań stanowiskowych, analitycznych oraz numerycznych. Opracowano model numeryczny Metody Elementów Skończonych. Sprawdzono wpływ zastosowanego rodzaju elementu skończonego na wynik badania numerycznego. Porównano oraz zestawiono otrzymane wyniki.
Hybrid energy storage for electric multiple units to operate at the partially electrified line Gdynia-Hel
Authors: Karkosiński Dariusz , Stromski Paweł , Karkosińska Brzozowska Natalia
Published: July 2021

W artykule przeprowadzono obliczenia pozwalające na dobór pokładowego zasobnika energii do zastąpienia pociągów z napędem spalinowych przez nowoczesne zasobnikowe zespoły trakcyjne na przykładowej trasie Gdynia Główna - Hel. Przedstawiono pionierskie oraz obecnie stosowane zasobnikowe elektryczne zespoły trakcyjne, głównie w Europie. Zamieszczono skondensowane wyniki inwentaryzacji rozpatrywanej linii, w tym stan techniczny stacji i przystanków niezelektryfikowanej linii 213 Reda - Hel. Ponadto przedstawiono analizę terenowych możliwości budowy nowych mijanek mających na celu zwiększenie przepustowości linii 213. Zaprezentowano obliczenia przejazdu teoretycznego oraz zapotrzebowania energetycznego zasobnikowego zespołu trakcyjnego na niezelektryfikowanej części analizowanej trasy. Wyniki przeprowadzonych obliczeń wykorzystano do doboru pokładowego zasobnika energii składającego się z baterii akumulatorów oraz superkondensatorów.
The causes and prevention of rolling bearing overheating of the axle box in the freight wagons while driving
Authors: Sobaś Marek
Published: July 2021

W artykule przedstawiono problematykę związaną z przyczynami przegrzania łożysk tocznych w wagonach towarowych podczas eksploatacji. Zagadnienie to jest o tyle ważne, że związane jest ono z bezpieczeństwem jazdy. Wpływa ono na bezpieczeństwo kursującego taboru oraz infrastruktury kolejowej. Stąd wynika następny wniosek, aby zwrócić uwagę na jakość montażu węzła łożyskowego oraz na system diagnostyczny, przeznaczony do wykrywania przegrzanych łożysk tocznych, rozmieszczony wzdłuż infrastruktury.
Examples of modeling of unconventional rail running gear system solutions
Authors: Jakuszko Wojciech , Medwid Marian , Orczyk Małgorzata
Published: July 2021

W artykule przedstawiono różne rodzaje niekonwencjonalnych rozwiązań szynowych układów jezdnych na etapie koncepcji. Skoncentrowano się na dwóch rodzajach przeniesienia napędu z pojazdu bazowego na tor kolejowy, najprostszym gdy napęd przenoszony jest bezpośrednio na tor poprzez koło gumowe i bardziej skomplikowany, gdzie istnieje konieczność zastosowania napędu bębnowego. Z uwagi na różnorodność istniejących podwozi samochodów skupiono się na jednym typie podwozia samochodu ciężarowego. W artykule zaprezentowano wybrane wyniki prowadzonych analiz i symulacji modeli szynowych układów jezdnych, poprzedzonych szeregiem analiz projektowych w rożnej konfiguracji elementów konstrukcyjnych uwzględniających uwarunkowania w postaci podwozia samochodów ciężarowych.
The concept of balanced maintenance cycle of a railway vehicle
Authors: Batko Michał
Published: July 2021

Przedsiębiorstwa kolejowe są zobowiązane do posiadania dokumentacji utrzymania pojazdów kolejowych. W związku z różnymi trudnościami związanymi z opracowywaniem takiej dokumentacji w niniejszym artykule zaprezentowana zostanie alternatywna koncepcja utrzymania sześcioosiowej, ciężkiej lokomotywy spalinowej polegająca na zbilansowaniu zakresów utrzymania na poszczególnych poziomach. Głównymi założeniami proponowanego rozwiązania będzie równomierne rozłożenie w czasie czynności przeglądowo-naprawczych pomiędzy danymi poziomami utrzymania przy jednoczesnym zapewnieniu bezpiecznej eksploatacji i wydłużenia okresu używania poszczególnych komponentów. Na przykładzie zastosowanej metody FMEA (ang. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis) zaprezentowany zostanie sposób doboru zakresu i częstotliwości poziomów utrzymania. Przedstawione zostaną również korzyści wynikające z takiego modelu w porównaniu do klasycznych, pięciopoziomowych systemów utrzymania. Dokonana zostanie analiza obu modeli utrzymania lokomotyw w kontekście ponoszonych kosztów utrzymania w cyklu życia lokomotywy.
Fuel consumption and pollutants emission study of locomotives performed using a water rheostat
Authors: Andrzejewski Maciej , Daszkiewicz Paweł , Merkisz Jerzy , Stawecki Włodzimierz , Gallas Dawid
Published: July 2021

W artykule dokonano oceny wskaźników ekologicznych oraz ekonomicznych wybranych typów lokomotyw użytkowanych na liniach kolejowych w Polsce. Pojazdy szynowe charakteryzują się niższą emisyjnością i energochłonnością w porównaniu do większości stosowanych obecnie środków transportu, co przekłada się na większą wydajność systemu transportu w skali całego kraju. Udział transportu szynowego w transporcie w Polsce i jego rozwój jest ograniczony kilkoma aspektami związanymi z kosztami zakupu i eksploatacji pojazdów, infrastruktury oraz dostępnością nowych technologii. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów przeprowadzonych na 15 lokomotywach ST44 o różnym stopniu zużycia technicznego. Tym samym reprezentowały one duże zróżnicowanie stanów technicznych tego typu pojazdów eksploatowanych na polskich szlakach kolejowych. Badania wykazały wpływ stopnia zużycia technicznego lokomotywy spalinowej, zarówno na poziom emisji związków toksycznych, jak i wielkość zużycia paliwa.
The track condition in the view of legal provisions vs. safety of freight car operating on standard Y25 bogies
Authors: Sobaś Marek
Published: July 2021

W artykule przedstawiono aktualnie obowiązujące przepisy dotyczące utrzymania toru i ich wpływ na bezpieczeństwo jazdy oraz własności dynamiczne wagonów towarowych. W przepisach krajowych oraz zagranicznych (karty UIC oraz normy europejskie PN-EN) przeanalizowano wybrane zagadnienia, które wiążą się z ww. problematyką. Zaprezentowano porównania wymaganych parametrów toru ww. przepisach. Zagadnienia związane z utrzymaniem toru nabierają szczególnego znaczenia w przypadku, kiedy infrastruktura kolejowa jest wyodrębniona pod względem organizacyjnym ze struktury poszczególnych zarządów kolejowych.
Ultracapacitors and fuel cells in rail vehicle drive systems
Authors: Pielecha Ireneusz , Merkisz Jerzy , Andrzejewski Maciej , Daszkiewicz Paweł , Świechowicz Robert , Nowak Mateusz
Published: July 2021

W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienia aktualnych i przyszłościowych rozwiązań układów
napędowych stosowanych w pojazdach szynowych. Dokonano przeglądu oraz analizy
możliwości gromadzenia energii w pojazdach z uwzględnieniem akumulatorów elektrochemicznych,
mechanicznych oraz hydraulicznych. Wskazano na duże znaczenie częstości
ich ładowania, co przekłada się na możliwość ich zastosowania. Przedstawiono charakterystyki
układów napędu hybrydowego ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem układów z ogniwami
paliwowymi oraz ultrakondensatorami. Zaprezentowano obecne i koncepcyjne
rozwiązania szeregowych i równoległych układów napędowych.
Guidelines for defining axial loads of freight wagon wheelsets with a stub size of ø120×179 mm
Authors: Sobaś Marek
Published: July 2021

W artykule przedstawiono aktualnie występujące problemy związane z nośnością eksploatowanej osi o wymiarach czopa Ø120×179 mm, zastosowaną w układach biegowych wagonów towarowych typu 1XTa wraz z odmianami oraz rodziny Y25. Przedstawiono wytyczne do obliczeń wytrzymałościowych ww. osi w oparciu o aktualnie obowiązujące przepisy europejskie. Zaprezentowano również problemy eksploatacyjne, które mogą zwiększyć lub zmniejszyć trwałość osi zestawu kołowego.
Determination of bendings of axle with journal with dimensions of ø120×179 mm of freight wagon wheelsets
Authors: Sobaś Marek
Published: July 2021

W artykule opisano analityczne wyznaczanie ugięć osi o wymiarach czopa Ø120×179 mm zastosowanej w układach biegowych wagonów towarowych typu 1XTa oraz rodziny Y25 z odmianami. Następnie, przedstawiono wyniki obliczeń dotyczące wartości ugięć w poszczególnych sektorach osi wraz z ich oceną i porównaniem do obowiązujących kryteriów zamieszczonych w przepisów europejskich. Zamieszczono również obliczenia częstotliwości drgań giętnych występujących w oś zestawu kołowego.
Transport of containers by railway in Central Europe - Germany
in the 1920s and 1930s
Authors: Mielcarek Andrzej
Published: July 2021

Artykuł przedstawia początki zastosowania pojemników (kontenerów) w transporcie. Główną
rolę w tym odgrywała Kolej Rzeszy. Przewóz pojemników (kontenerów) miał ułatwić kolei konkurencję
z samochodowymi przewozami ładunków drobnicowych. Za najbardziej odpowiednie
pod względem technicznym i ekonomicznym uznano małe pojemniki, do 3 m3 i nośności do
jednej tony. Większe pojemniki miały ograniczone zastosowanie. Korzystano z nich głównie w
przewozach międzynarodowych.
Simulation strength tests of a CLAAS ARION 610 rail-road
tractor’s load-bearing structure (pt. 2)
Authors: Medwid Marian , Bryk Karol , Witkowski Dawid , Kaźmierczak Emil
Published: July 2021

W pierwszej części artykułu opublikowanego w Pojazdach Szynowych nr 2/2020 zaprezentowano
wybrane wyniki badań symulacyjnych wytrzymałości przedniej części struktury nośnej ciągnika
CLAAS ARION 610. Najwięcej uwagi poświęcono analizie wytrzymałości wspornika
przedniej osi, który jest podstawowym fabrycznym elementem nośnym przedniej części ciągnika.
W drugiej części artykułu przedstawiono wyniki badań wytrzymałości tylnej struktury nośnej
ciągnika, gdzie wszystkie części składowe stanowią dodatkowe wyposażenie ciągnika wykonane
w Sieci Badawczej Łukasiewicz – IPS „TABOR”, złożone ze skrzyni nośnej, belki zderzakowej
oraz haka pociągowego. Belka zderzakowa oraz hak pociągowy stanowią również wyposażenie
przedniej struktury nośnej i są one poddane tym samym warunkom obciążeń siłami poziomymi
jak w tylnym układzie pociągowo-zderznym.
Część pierwsza artykułu została opublikowana w poprzednim numerze kwartalnika Pojazdy
Szynowe.
Assessment of acoustic climate in passenger space of EN57 series electric multiple unit
Authors: Licow Roksana , Szabłowska Dominika
Published: July 2021

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań poziomów dźwięku w przestrzeni pasażerskiej elektrycznego zespołu trakcyjnego (EZT) serii EN57 podczas postoju, rozruchu, jazdy oraz hamowania. Badania przeprowadzono na podstawie autorskiej metodyki badawczej bazując na normie PNEN ISO 3381:Kolejnictwo. Akustyka. Pomiar hałasu wewnątrz pojazdów szynowych. Badania przeprowadzono na linii kolejowej nr 250 od przystanku Gdańsk Śródmieście do stacji Rumia. Celem badań była ocena klimatu akustycznego w przestrzeni pasażerskiej elektrycznego zespołu trakcyjnego serii EN57, trójmiejskiej szybkiej kolei miejskiej linii S2 Gdańsk Śródmieście – Rumia. Wyniki przeprowadzonej analizy wskazały na miejsca potencjalnie zagrożone wyższymi poziomami dźwięków niż pozostałe oraz wpływ tych poziomów dźwięku na pasażerów korzystających z transportu publicznego jakim jest EZT serii EN57 w Trójmieście.
Wheel wear during the operation of rail vehicles.
Causes and effects
Authors: Sobaś Marek
Published: July 2021

W artykule przedstawiono problematykę związaną ze zużyciem zarysu zewnętrznego wieńców
kół monoblokowych w pojazdach szynowych. Przedstawiono najczęstsze przyczyny zużycia kół
podczas eksploatacji komercyjnej pojazdów szynowych na przestrzeni wielu doświadczeń zebranych
podczas wielu dziesiątków lat przez zarządy europejskie. Zaprezentowano skutki zużycia
kół pojazdów szynowych oraz środki zaradcze, przeciwdziałające zużyciu.
Parental health status and children’s eating behaviors: An epidemiological study in 1728 Greek 10-12 years old students
Authors: Bogri Maria , Kanellopoulou Aikaterini , Notara Venetia , Antonogeorgos George , Rojas-Gil Andrea-Paola , Kornilaki Ekaterina , Kordoni Maria-Eleni , Velentza Anna , Mesimeri Magdalini , Kosti Rena I. , Lagiou Areti , Panagiotakos Demosthenes B.
Published: July 2021

Although the parental influence on children’s dietary habits has been widely studied, little is known about the effect of parental health status on children’s dietary behavior. Thus, the association between the parental burden of cardiometabolic disease and its impact on children’s eating habits and behaviors was examined. Material and Methods: 1,728 children aged 10-12 years old along with one of their parents were enrolled in a cross-sectional study conducted during 2014-2016. Among others, children’s dietary habits and parental medical history were recorded. Children’s adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) was evaluated through the KIDMED score while the parental health status was assessed through a cardiometabolic risk score calculated for this study. The working sample was 1,133 children with a recorded parental health status. Results: Most parents (92.1%) reported at most 2 cardiometabolic risk factors including overweight/obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Ordinal logistic regression analyses showed a significant association between children’s eating habits and adherence to the MD with the parental burden of cardiovascular disease. Children showed 6% higher odds of higher adherence to the MD (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01-1.12) and 54% lower odds of not having breakfast at all (OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.27-0.80) for a one-unit increase in the cardiometabolic risk score. The stratified analysis revealed a significant association between KIDMED score and CVD risk score only among boys (OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01-1.18). Conclusions: Parental health status is positively associated with children’s dietary behavior and adherence to the MD indicating an additional source of influence.
Pathogenetic mechanisms of statin dysglycemia and risk of new-onset diabetes
Authors: Pappa Maria , Tsimihodimos Vasilios , Alaveras Antonios
Published: July 2021

Statins are the cornerstone for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease as they have been proven to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Statins act by inhibiting 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, the rate limiting enzyme of cholesterol synthesis. Despite their important role in prevention of cardiovascular disease, there is evidence suggesting that they worsen glycaemia increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes by 10–12%, an effect that appears to differ by dose and type of statin used, with higher doses related to higher risk. Statins may cause hyperglycaemia through many pathways e.g., by increasing the intracellular concentration of calcium in the β-cell, leading to a decrease in insulin release and in addition may decrease the GLUT-4 transporter hindering the peripheral uptake of glucose. Diabetes is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, with statins offering remarkable protection, a property which should be stressed to the patient and perhaps even to healthcare personnel when hesitant to prescribe statins.
Metabolically healthy obesity: Is it really benign?
Authors: Kourris Nikolaos , Tziomalos Konstantinos
Published: July 2021

Recently, a subgroup of patients with obesity but without cardiometabolic abnormalities has attracted considerable attention and has been characterized as metabolically healthy obese (MHO) patients. MHO is quite prevalent among patients with obesity. Even though these subjects have less pronounced metabolic abnormalities compared with patients with metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO), they are at increased risk for progressing to MUO and for developing cardiovascular disease. Accordingly, diet, exercise and appropriate pharmacotherapy should be recommended to patients with MHO as strongly as in those with MUO.
Islam as an Environmentally Friendly Religion
Authors: Solikhudin Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Boisterous problems occur in Indonesia and other parts of the world. The issue of Cement Plant in Rembang spread in online and offline media is an example that can be disclosed here. People around the cement factory in Rembang who work as farmers attempt to stop the practice by casting the foot together. The reason is that food security must be maintained, and natural beauty also needs to be maintained. This problem is still a tug-of-war among government, employers, and the people. Islam as a religion of compassion, certainly teaches a sense of justice and humanity to all humanity. In direct proportion to Islam, green political reasoning also likes this. In this paper will be parsed study Cement Plant Perspective Green Politics, as an effort to maintain the continuity of human life and care for the beauty of nature. In a country that embraces a democratic system and applies green political theory, it should implement three aspects, namely: First, distributing justice, Second, committed to democratization process, Third, Efforts to achieve ecological sustainability.
Recitation of the Succession of the Sunan Kudus in Cultural Da'wa
Authors: Nugroho Bekti Taufiq Ari , Choeroni Choeroni , Rohman M. Minanur
Published: July 2021

Wali comes from Wala or Waliya which means close, has a role in continuing the prophetic mission. In the Quran, this term is used to mean a relative, friend or protector. In carrying out the role of continuing the mission of prophecy, the saints who are more familiarly called Walisongo always invite Islam and Ahl al-Sunnah Wa al-Jama'ah, the da'wa used by Walisongo in realizing its mission is the application of the methods developed by Sunni Sufis in imparting teachings. However, the methods of preaching that are carried out by the saints are different, the values ​​of pluralism as practiced by Sunan Kudus are very different from other saints, where Sunan Kudus used methods by utilizing traditional symbols and beliefs of the local community, evidence of Da'wa methods are still visible today, namely the shape and style of the building of the al-Aqsa mosque, minarets, gates, and showers (ablution places) which are actually symbols of the eight Buddhist paths, each of which is given a statue of the head of Kebo Gumarang as a permanent Buddhist teaching. preserved as part of cultural assimilation.
The Role of the WTO in Mediate Dispute Palm Oil Between Indonesia and the European Union
Authors: Sylvana Yana , Firmansyah Yohanes , Wijaya Hanna , S Michelle Angelika
Published: July 2021

Several major European countries, such as France and Germany, have included CPO in the list of non-environmentally friendly products. Some countries impose additional import duties because CPO is considered as damaging as alcohol. This research is descriptive and uses a normative juridical approach. There are several demands put forward by the European Union for palm oil entering its territory, these demands include the importation of palm oil, either for food or for industrial purposes. Hence, the European Union requires sustainable palm oil production. Besides, the European Union believes that the use of palm oil for fuel production will endanger the sustainability of other foodstuffs, especially for the poor. The European Union's accusation of environmental threats is considered impure as environmental protection. Many argue that the accusation is only a political step by the European Union in anticipating the development of exports of Indonesian CPO products to Europe.
Impact of Nationwide Lockdown on Students of Higher Education
Authors: Singh Jasbir , Kundal Rahul , Subhash Neharica
Published: July 2021

Following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in India, the Union Government of India announced nationwide lockdown. As the nationwide lockdown was implemented in India from 25th of March 2020, almost every sector of the Indian economy came to a halt. Along these circumstances, all kinds of educational institutions were also shut down. Evidently, and as anticipated, the students were among those groups that suffered the most during nationwide lockdown. Consequently, learning status of the students was hard-hit. The present study is an attempt to measure the impact of nationwide lockdown on the learning status of the students who were pursuing undergraduate and postgraduate courses at the University of Jammu at the time of announcement of nationwide lockdown. In order to collect data for the present study, an online questionnaire was developed using the Google Forms platform and link of the questionnaire was provided to 300 students who were pursuing undergraduate and postgraduate courses at the University of Jammu at that time. The responses from the students were received between 20th of August 2020 and 26th of August 2020. The data were then tabulated and analysed. It was observed that a large proportion of the respondents could only complete half of their syllabus (or even less) through online learning mode during nationwide lockdown, and that they had to face a variety of problems, such as anxiety, poor physical heath, poor internet connectivity, etc. It is suggested that the governments and the concerned authorities must aim to make policies to establish a resilient educational structure that is able to tackle situations like the COVID-19 pandemic and nationwide lockdown, so that the young mind’ productivity is not compromised.
Elaboration, Collaboration, And Contribution Of Traditional Law In Indonesian National Legal System
Authors: Firmansyah Yohanes , S Michelle Angelika , Wijaya Hanna , Sylvana Yana
Published: July 2021

Indonesia uses customary Law as positive Law in the archipelago, is obeyed and implemented as a custom, from generation to generation respected by the community as a national tradition. As a rule of Law, Indonesia adheres to many legal systems at the same time that lives and develops in society, namely the civil law system and the customary law system. All these legal systems are complementary, harmonious, and romantic. As the original Law that grows and develops from community habits, Customary Law affects the process of law enforcement in Indonesia. The values ​​contained in customary Law in Indonesia were used in the formation of jurisprudence in the Supreme Court. This paper will explain how customary Law, which has an "unwritten" character, can fill the Indonesian civil law system's legal gap. This paper's research method is a normative legal research method and uses several approaches, namely the statutory approach, the comparative approach, and the historical approach. This paper concludes that legal pluralism in Indonesia can be a solution to the legal gap created by the rigidity of civil law application.
n. 25 - TEORIA E PRÁTICA DO GERENCIAMENTO DE DESEMPENHO DO PLANO NACIONAL DE EDUCAÇÃO: PNE 2014-2024
Authors: Laranja Mirza R. A.
Published: July 2021

O Plano Nacional de Educação norteia o sistema educacional e como tal deve ter seu desempenho conhecido e avaliado, aspecto fundamental em um Estado democrático. Este artigo aborda o gerenciamento do PNE 2014-2024, quanto a estrutura e procedimentos adotados para seu monitoramento e aferimento de desempenho. A partir de uma abordagem qualitativa, revisa a literatura sobre o tema e analisa os relatórios de monitoramento do PNE 2014-2024. Apresenta a auditoria de capacidade de gerenciamento de desempenho proposta por Barzelay (2002), como estratégia para melhor conhecer a real capacidade de se aferir o desempenho frente às metas propostas no plano.
n. 26 - A REFORMA DO ENSINO MÉDIO E A LEGITIMAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA: O NÓ OBSCENO DA MEDIAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA
Authors: Ferrazzo Gedeli , Gomes Marco Antônio de Oliveira
Published: July 2021

O presente trabalho tem como propósito analisar o alinhamento entre o projeto Ensino Médio com Mediação Tecnológica - EMMTec no Estado de Rondônia e a reforma do Ensino Médio. Trata-se de um assunto importante diante da urgência do enfrentamento das propostas hegemônicas que contribuem para a intensificação dos processos de precarização e mercantilização da educação pública. Desse modo, organizamos o texto, inicialmente, examinando os principais documentos que orientam a atual reforma do Ensino Médio, com ênfase na regulamentação da oferta do ensino a distância ou mediado por tecnologia. Em seguida, averiguamos as formas de regulamentação e estruturação do projeto EMMTec em Rondônia. Finalizamos o texto destacando que a reforma do Ensino Médio, alicerçada na flexibilização curricular de um ensino mediado por tecnologia, representa, na prática, a homogeneização da educação a distância.
n. 27 - FUNDAMENTOS E CONDICIONANTES DA POLÊMICA EM TORNO DO KIT DE COMBATE À HOMOFOBIA: DAS SOMBRAS DA CAVERNA À LUTA POR HEGEMONIA
Authors: Cêa Georgia Sobreira dos Santos , Santos Rodrigo Severiano dos
Published: July 2021

O Projeto Escola sem Homofobia (PESH), lançado em 2011, foi uma das ações do Programa Brasil sem Homofobia, vinculado, na ocasião, à Secretaria Especial de Direitos Humanos do governo brasileiro. O conjunto de materiais educativos do PESH foi pejorativamente chamado de kit gay por parcelas conservadoras da sociedade. A forte reação social contrária ao Projeto influenciou o veto presidencial à distribuição dos materiais para as escolas. Problematiza-se essa repercussão dogmática, com o objetivo de inferir sobre fundamentos e condicionantes sociopolíticos do reacionarismo aos materiais do PESH. O estudo teórico adota uma perspectiva dialética de análise, com base em produções acadêmicas e em referenciais teórico-conceituais do campo crítico. Adicionalmente, são utilizadas fontes documentais. O estudo pressupõe que o quid pro quo em torno do cognominado kit gay fragilizou a potência pedagógica do PESH e revelou a ausência de hegemonia dos segmentos políticos e da sociedade civil propositores do enfrentamento da questão da homofobia no âmbito das políticas públicas, mesmo durante governos abertos ao tema. Conclui-se que condicionantes de diversas ordens – econômicos, políticos, culturais, ideológicos –, fundados no conservadorismo histórico da sociedade brasileira, circundam o debate sobre direitos das pessoas que rompem com o binarismo sexual e com a identidade de gênero a ele aprisionada, sendo necessário continuar a luta para que o respeito a tais direitos seja espraiado para toda a sociedade.
Japanese cedar pollen upregulates the effector functions of eosinophils
Authors: Miyauchi Sachiko , Nakagome Kazuyuki , Noguchi Toru , Kobayashi Takehito , Ueda Yutaka , Soma Tomoyuki , Nagata Makoto
Published: July 2021

Background

Symptoms of rhinitis and asthma can be exacerbated during Japanese cedar pollen (JCP)-scattering season, even in subjects who are not sensitized to JCP, suggesting that innate immune responses may contribute to this process. We previously reported that house dust mite directly activates the effector functions of eosinophils. Similar mechanisms may play roles in the JCP-related aggravation of allergic diseases.

Objective

To investigate whether JCP or Cry j 1, a major allergen of JCP, can modify the effector functions of eosinophils.

Methods

Eosinophils isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy donors were stimulated with either JCP or Cry j 1, and their adhesion to human intercellular adhesion molecule-1 was measured using eosinophil peroxidase assays. The generation of eosinophil superoxide anion (O2
−) was measured based on the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome C. Concentrations of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin in the cell media were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as a marker of degranulation.

Results

Both JCP and Cry j 1 directly induced eosinophil adhesiveness, generation of O2
−, and release of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin. Both anti-αM and anti-β2 integrin antibodies blocked all of these eosinophil functions induced by JCP and Cry j 1. Similarly, PAR-2 antagonists also partially suppressed all of these effector functions induced by JCP and Cry j 1.

Conclusion

JCP and Cry j 1 directly activate the functions of eosinophils, and both αMβ2 integrin and partly PAR-2 are contributed to this activation. Therefore, JCP-induced eosinophil activation may play a role in the aggravation of allergic airway diseases in nonsensitized patients as well as in JCP-sensitized patients.
Eosinophilic annular erythema showing eosinophil cytolytic ETosis successfully treated with benralizumab
Authors: Masaki Katsunori , Ueki Shigeharu , Tanese Keiji , Nagao Genta , Kanzaki Sho , Matsuki Eri , Irie Hidehiro , Kabata Hiroki , Miyata Jun , Kawada Ichiro , Fukunaga Koichi
Published: July 2021

A 56-year-old woman presented with repeated swelling of the lips and face. She had a history of childhood asthma; she had a recurrence of asthma when she was 54 years old and was taking inhaled corticosteroids, and other antiasthma drugs. The swelling of her lips and face improved temporarily with oral corticosteroids (OCS), but recurred soon after discontinuing OCS. Her peripheral blood eosinophil count was 632/μL (9.3%), and her serum was negative for myeloperoxidase-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody and serine proteinase3-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody. Hematoxylin and eosin staining of her back skin revealed abundant eosinophilic infiltrate around the vascular area of the shallow dermis layer, but no evidence of vasculitis and we diagnosed her as eosinophilic annular erythema (EAE). Punctate staining of galectin-10, chromatolytic eosinophils, and net-like DNA was also evident in close proximity to the free granules, indicating extracellular vesicles and eosinophil extracellular traps (ETosis). We started daily OCS to control her asthma and skin eruption/oedema. Three months after administering daily OCS, benralizumab was initiated for withdrawal from OCS dependence and treatment of severe asthma. After initiation of benralizumab, her skin and subcutaneous tissue symptoms promptly improved. OCS was discontinued, and no edematous erythema has been observed since then. Bronchial asthma has also been well-controlled. This is the first report on the evidence of eosinophil ETosis in the dermis of EAE patients and the efficacy of benralizumab in a patient with EAE. Benralizumab may be a useful drug for treating refractory EAE with severe eosinophilic asthma.
Edaphic entomofauna associated with coconut crops in the eastern Amazon
Authors:   Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Carvalho Lana Leticia Barbosa de , Castro Heloise de Sousa ,   Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Campos Ingrid Leão ,   Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Anhê Bruno Borella ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Jucá Ana Carolina Cavalcante ,   Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Oliveira Danyllo Amaral de ,   Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lins Paulo Manoel Pontes ,   SOCOCO S / A Agroindústria da Amazônia, Silva Gisele Barata da ,   Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Batista Telma Fátima Vieira ,   Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia
Published: July 2021

In the Eastern Amazon is the largest continuous coconut crop area in the world. This region is known for its high precipitation levels and an ecosystem of extensive insect biodiversity. It is important to know the local entomofauna and to know whether there is a balance between the different insect groups. This study aimed to understand the influence of seasonality on the dynamics of edaphic insect families, comparing the environment as a whole and in different commercial coconut crop areas and riparian forests in the Eastern Amazon. Forty pitfall traps were installed in the ground at an average distance of 1 m from the coconut stipe. They were filled with 200 ml of an aqueous solution of liquid neutral soap and 70% alcohol. Traps were installed in eight areas: an area of riparian forest (A1) and seven in commercial coconut crop areas (A2 to A8), in the Amazon dry and rainy season. The similarity between the insects was measured using Euclidean distance. The abundance of families in each collection area used qualitative similarity. For family dominance, quantitative similarity was used. Diversity analyses were performed to justify the similarities of the clusters through the Shannon and Simpson Indices. In total, 252,313 individuals, 118 families, and 9 orders were collected. There were many Formicidae in both climatic periods because it is a social insect and has edaphic habits. The families with the most individuals in the collections were Drosophilidae, Staphylinidae, Bostrichidae, Phoridae, Nitidulidae, Scolytidae, Tenebrionidae, Scarabaeidae, Ceratopogomidae, and Platyogastridae. The riparian forest area (A1) showed the greatest diversity and least dominance. The oldest cultivated areas A2 and A3 (7 years) showed the greatest diversity in the dry season. In the rainy season, the most diversified areas were those with the highest land slope (A6 and A7). The most dominant areas were A5 and A8, where the largest number of Solenopsis spp. were found. This study showed the importance of obtaining basic information about coconut entomofauna and conducting research on insect dynamics in agricultural crops in the Amazon region.
Physiological potential of Dyckia spp. bromeliad seeds under different temperatures
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Moresco Verônica Pellizzaro , Omura Mônica Satie ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paula Jean Carlo Baudraz de ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Furlan Felipe Favoretto ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Takahashi Lúcia Sadayo Assari ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina
Published: July 2021

Bromeliads have been gaining ground in the economic scenario due mainly to their use as ornamental plants. Bromeliads of the genus Dyckia exhibit different morphologies, and therefore, have relevance in this market. However, some species are threatened due to the extraction of plants from their natural environments. Many of these species are endemic and native to Brazil and there are few studies on their seed physiology; hence, expansion of research into this topic is essential. An alternative for the preservation of such plants is the production of seedlings using seeds. To this end, the objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological potential of seeds of Dyckia brevifolia, Dyckia beateae, and Dyckia excelsa at different temperatures, and determine the number of days to carry out the tests. A completely randomized design was adopted, with three species of Dyckia, analyzed separately, and four temperatures (20, 25, 30, and 35 °C). The following were evaluated: first germination count, germination, germination speed index, length of seedling, and seedling dry weight. The data were analyzed using the Sisvar software for normality and homogeneity, and when the assumptions were met, they were subjected to analysis of variance using the F test (p < 0.05) and the means were compared using the Tukey test at 5% probability. Seeds of D. excelsa emit the radicle more quickly at 20 and 35 °C; however, temperatures of 25 and 30 °C provide better conditions for seedling growth and development. The greatest vigor of D. brevifolia seeds is observed at temperatures of 30 and 35 °C. Seeds of D. beateae emit the radicle more quickly at 20 °C, and the largest seedlings are observed at 35 °C. The first germination count of D. brevifolia, D. beateae, and D. excelsa should be evaluated on the third day after sowing. The germination evaluations for D. excelsa and D. beateae should be carried out on the ninth day after sowing, and those for D. brevifolia on the sixth day after sowing.
Yield performance of oat cultivars in response to sowing dates and densities
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Bazzo José Henrique Bizzarri , Arruda Klever Márcio Antunes ,   Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural do Paraná, Fonseca Inês Cristina de Batista ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Zucareli Claudemir ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina
Published: July 2021

Adjustment of seeding density oriented by genotype and conditions of the growing environment may favor growth, development and yield performance of the oat crop. This study aimed to evaluate the growth, lodging, yield components, and grain yield of oat cultivars grown at different sowing dates and densities. Two independent experiments were conducted at two sowing dates (May 5 and June 24) in Londrina-PR under a randomized block design in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme, with four replications. Treatments consisted of four sowing densities (180, 240, 300, and 360 viable seeds m−2) and two cultivars (IPR Afrodite and IPR Artemis). Plant height, number of panicles.m−2, number of spikelets per panicle, number of grains per spikelet, number of grains per panicle, thousand-grain weight, plant lodging, and grain yield were evaluated. The data were submitted to the analysis of joint variance for sowing dates, separately for the cultivars. The averages of sowing dates were compared by the F test and densities submitted to polynomial regression analysis up to 2nd degree, at 5% probability. The first sowing date favors most yield components and grain yield of the cultivars IPR Afrodite and IPR Artemis. In contrast, the number of panicles m−2 was reduced during this growing season for both cultivars. The late sowing date for the IPR Artemis cultivar resulted in a high percentage of lodging at all evaluated densities. However, this phenomenon is more intense at higher sowing densities during the first sowing date. Yield components and grain yield varied according to sowing dates and densities and the cultivar. The highest grain yield of the cultivar IPR Afrodite at the first sowing date was achieved with a lower sowing density than in the later date. However, the highest grain yield of the IPR Artemis cultivar was achieved at density of 280 viable seeds m−2, regardless of the growing season.
Human post exposure anti-rabies prophylactic assistance in the south of Brazil
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Vasconcellos Jaíne Soares de Paula , Fernandes Fagner D'ambroso ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Ratzlaff Fabiana Raquel ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Botton Sônia de Ávila ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Vogel Fernanda Silveira Flores ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Ramos Luciane Silva ,   Superintendência de Vigilância Sanitária de Santa Maria, Sangioni Luís Antônio ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Published: July 2021

Rabies is a zoonosis caused by Lyssavirus, with progressive development and a high lethality rate. In Brazil, rabies and accidents caused by animals potentially transmitting the disease are mandatory notification injuries. Exposure to rabies infection places a high financial burden on public health systems, especially for the care of people who are exposed and have a high risk of death. We aimed to define the epidemiological profile of human rabies post-exposure assistance in the municipality of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from 2010 to 2015. Data from Brazil’s Notifiable Diseases Information System were obtained and analyzed; these data were acquired by the completion of individual inquiry forms querying human anti-rabies assistance. A total of 55% (1,898/3,453) of anti-rabies assistance cases involved women and 45% (1,555/3,453) men. The highest occurrence (54.5%–1,882/3,453) was in the age group of 20–59 years. Most registered cases (87.5%–3,024/3.453) were caused by dogs, followed by cats (10.9%–378/3,453). The lower limb (22.1%–617/2,790) was the area of the body with the highest number of canine bites. We observed incorrect indications for the treatment. We suggest further training for health professionals involved in rabies post-exposure prophylaxis care, and dissemination of information aimed at educating users about the importance of animal-related injuries.
Increased antral follicle population and in vitro embryo production in pregnant Holstein
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Droher Ricardo Guella , Cavalieri Fabio Luiz Bim ,   Unicesumar, Morotti Fabio ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Zangirolamo Amanda Fonseca ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Andreazzi Marcia Aparecida ,   Unicesumar, Seneda Marcelo Marcondes ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina
Published: July 2021

This study used Holstein cattle to evaluate the following: I) the productive and reproductive characteristics of cows with low, intermediate and high antral follicle counts (AFCs) that were subjected to artificial insemination (AI) and comparison of AFC variability at the time of AI (nonpregnant) and at two time points during pregnancy (30 and 60 days), and II) whether the pregnancy status and different pregnancy periods in heifers improves the efficiency at in vitro embryo production (IVEP). In study I, 75 high-milk production cows with body condition scores (BCSs) of 2.75 to 4.75 and ages of 23 to 99 months were selected. On the day of estrus, AFCs (follicles ≥ 3 mm), BCS, body weight, and diameters of the dominant follicle, ovaries and the corpus luteum were evaluated. Posteriorly, AFC was monitored in pregnant cows at 30 days (n = 35) and at 60 days for comparison of AFC before pregnancy versus different periods. In study II, heifers (n = 9) with BCS of 2.5 to 3.5 and ages of 10 to 16 months were selected for ovum pick-up and an IVEP program before AI (nonpregnant) as well as at 0 to 30, 31 to 60, and > 60 days of pregnancy. Statistical analysis was performed using PROC GLM and binary logistic regression model (P ≤ 0.05). In study I, AFC was not associated with variations in productive and reproductive parameters. However, AFCs in the low group increased following pregnancy (AI: 14.82 ± 1.36, 30 days: 23.45 ± 2.31 and 60 days: 35.18 ± 3.17 follicles). AFCs increased from AI to 60 days in the intermediate group but did not vary among time points in the high group. AFCs varied among AFC groups in AI and at 30 days of pregnancy but not at 60 days. In study II, the mean of total oocytes (17.43 ± 4.52 vs. 41.67 ± 3.79) and viable oocytes (13.77 ± 3.63 vs. 30.56 ± 3.45) increased from AI (nonpregnant) to the first 30 days of pregnancy. The mean number of embryos produced increased during pregnancy and during the first 30 days of pregnancy (4.55 ± 0.75) compared to the nonpregnant period (1.39 ± 0.85). In conclusion, pregnancy positively influences AFC, and the greatest effect is noted in low count cows. In addition, the OPU at the time of pregnancy increased the efficiency of IVEP in heifers.