bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High Temperature Rotary Heat Exchanger for Gas Turbine and Gyratory Engines
Authors: Kostyukov A V , Dementyev A A
Published: April 2022

The article includes the results of the calculated and experimental study of the thermal state of the rotary frame heat exchanger with conical and cylindrical heat transfer elements. Calculations were carried out in the program complex ANSYS CFX, and the experiment on the regenerative gas turbine engine of GAZ Automotive Plant.
Determination Efficiency of Automated Assembly of Synchronous Stepping Motor in Serial Production
Authors: Malyshev E N , Bysov S A
Published: April 2022

Efficiency of the designed assembly system was examined from the point of view of its productivity. There is a relation between production time, amount of product lot of, time of the system readjustment and time of the elimination of failures.
METHOD OF OPTIMIZATION OF THE LAWS CONTROLLING VEHICLE SUSPENSION CONSIDERING OPERATING CONDITIONS
Authors: Bakhmutov S V , Akhmedov A A , Orlov A B
Published: April 2022

The authors presented the method for formulating and solving problems with multiobjective parametric adjustable parameters. There are proposed three options for solving the problem. The authors suggested the characteristics of suspension design parameters control of class passenger "B" car considering road microprofile.
Classifier of design developments in the field of transportation design
Authors: Lepeshkin I A
Published: April 2022

The article describes the proposed classifier, which allows you to determine if a specific vehicle design project belongs to concept-art, concepts, or to industrial designs. The classifier is based on two axes - the horizontal axis considers the factors that the designer guided in the development of object shapes, and the vertical axis evaluates the object and its underlying concept in terms of level of science and economic feasibility. Based on this there are refined definitions of concept-art, concept and industrial design.
Kolebaniya rulevogo upravleniya avtomobilya
Authors: Emelyanov S R
Published: April 2022

The article is about study of influence of steerable wheels disbalance and manufacturing inaccuracy of brake disks on and local vibration. There is the method of dynamic absorbing of resonance oscillations. The author suggests a principle design of a dynamic absorber of oscillations.
Rational control laws asynchronous electric traction
Authors: Nguyen Quang Thieu - , Markov V V
Published: April 2022

The paper considers the optimal control laws for asynchronous traction electric motors to minimize various types of losses, minimize consumption of active and reactive power, maximum overload capacity. The authors established that the joint management of the maximum torque and minimum total losses in the motor is most efficient traction control law for asynchronous traction electric motors.
Passive-active Relative Orientation in Automatic Assembly
Authors: Peyeva I V , Vitliemov V D
Published: April 2022

The article presents automated assembly at passive-active relative orientation. The research deals with automated equipment for assembly of cylindrical couple with clearance, using device for passive-active relative orientation (remote centre of compliance and active table). There is an equation determined for contact force along assembly axes used for control of process. The mentioned forces are experimentally defined.
Clutch Load Determination on the Basis of Test Data
Authors: Kretov A V , Esakov A E
Published: April 2022

This article considers the method of experimental estimation of automotive friction clutch slipping work and power. The authors give the theoretical basis of the proposing method and estimate its precision. In this case the research time and expenses are reduced and decreasing of explored processes precision should not exceed 10 % which is acceptable for many engineering investigations.
Method of improving the performance of gasoline engine work with internal mixing
Authors: Fomin V M , Platunov А S
Published: April 2022

Analyzes the problematic issues associated with the prospect of development of domestic automotive gasoline engines with internal mixing, which stimulate the need for search tools and new technical solutions that are acceptable for domestic engines. Noted the unacceptability of a direct copying of foreign decisions in domestic practice, not only because of the high financial costs for their implementation, but given the lack of technology and the necessary materials for their production. As an alternative, we propose a method that allows for minimal financial costs quickly solve an actual problem of domestic engine - the creation of the Russian automotive gasoline engine of a new generation with internal mixing. The method is based on the use of hydrogen as a chemical reagent that promotes improvement of ecological and economic qualities of the engine.
Gain factor of vacuum brake booster
Authors: Shuklinov S N
Published: April 2022

Tha author shows the influence of the vacuum brake booster static characteristics on gain factor. There are dependences for determining the parameters of the static characteristics of the vacuum brake booster, gain factor cinsidering nonlinearities of the static characteristic.
Analysis of Formation of Machining Error in the Technological System of Combined Machining and Surface Plastic Deformation of Non-rigid Parts of the Hollow Cylinder Type
Authors: Vetrova E A
Published: April 2022

On the basis of the study it is revealed that the formation of machining error for non-rigid parts of the hollow cylinder type depends on the errors of an installation, static and dynamic errors in setting the technological system of combined machining and surface plastic deformation.
Approximation of Engine Part-load Curves
Authors: Solomatin N S , Zamorin A G , Zotov E M
Published: April 2022

The paper examines the problem of mathematic description of partial characteristics of the internal combustion engine. It is the most advisable to describe the experimental speed performance of engine by means of the multidimensional spline approximation. This method provides creating the surface which copies the experimental speed performance with rather range of accuracy.
Hybrid electric vehicle development with mathematical simulation software application
Authors: Cheranev S V
Published: April 2022

The article deals with mathematical modeling in the development of vehicles with hybrid power plants. When designing a vehicle one of the major challenges facing developers is the most complete project development before building of prototypes. Properly constructed mathematical model can closely approximate simulation results to real tests. Working with a mathematical model, an engineer can test a car with various units and aggregates, which is almost impossible when dealing with real systems and units.
High-efficiency Decision for the Problem of series automatic assembly on the basis of task-oriented construction of relations providing multiple increment of assembly system tolerances
Authors: Gusev A A , Guseva I A , Khaybullov K A
Published: April 2022

The cost price of modern industry products to a considerable extent is defined by high labour-consuming character of assembly operations. The same we can say about magnetic tape recorder manufacturing; their assembly automation is hampered by often replacement of articles. Methods are worked out, which allow to estimate technical possibility and economical advisability of their assembly automation and to choose optimum structure of flexible manufacturing system. It allowed to create flexible manufacturing systems of module construction for assembly mechanical units.
Influence of Uneven Workpiece Allowance on the Output Parameters of Technological Equipment
Authors: Ivannikov S N , Shandov M M
Published: April 2022

The article considers influence of non-uniformity of allowance of machined workpieces and the fluctuation of values of cutting depth and, hence, forces of cutting on elastic displacement of technological system and output parameters of accuracy of the equipment on manufacturing of parts of «rotation body» type.
Methods of estimating effectiveness of safety events of potentially hazardous objects by structural analysis of the function a dangerous condition
Authors: Maistruk A A , Maistruk A V , Rezchikov E A
Published: April 2022

The article considers mathematical methods for estimating the effectiveness of safety of potentially hazardous objects in the solution of multi-parameter optimization problems. The developed method involves a system of indicators that can automate the process of decision-making by quantifying the effectiveness of planned activities both in terms of prevention of accidents and cost parameters, which significantly reduces the complexity of solving multi-parameter optimization problems using iterative methods.
Registration Technique of Optical and Thermo Radiative Characteristics with Influence Compensation of Scattering Indicatrix of Heat-insulating and Thermal Barrier Materials and Coatings for Combustion Chambers of High Speed Diesel Engines
Authors: Merzlikin V G , Sutugin V G , Stifeev L K , Khudyakov S V
Published: April 2022

The experimental stand is developed for registration of reflection and transparence coefficients in visible and IR diapasons, characteristic for radiant components of thermal fluxes for combustion chambers of diesel engines, turbine blades and a surface of aero-space apparatuses. Distinctive feature of the stand is a spectral photometric sphere for influence indemnification of scattering indicatrix (phase function). Estimations of scattering and absorption indexes of experimental and model samples of a semitransparent ceramic material on the base of stabilized zirconium dioxide for probing laser radiation at the fixed wavelengths 0,63 µm; 1,15 µm; 3,39 µm were carried out.
METHODOLOGICAL FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARCHITECTURE OF INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
Authors: Komarov V V
Published: April 2022

Tha paper contains the proposals on the organization of the development and deployment of intelligent transportation systems. Rational directions of creation of telematic transport systems are justified: development of system architecture, invariant to functional tasks, and the development of components, ensuring the solution of specific functional tasks.
Theoretical analysis of the process of electrochemical engraving of aerodynamic lows
Authors: Saushkin G B , Morgunov Y A
Published: April 2022

The article considers the theoretical analysis of the formation of aerodynamic lows based on the model of ideal electrochemical formation. Identified forms of error due to the mechanism of material removal, and the possibility of managing their values ​​by choosing the parameters of the regime of electrolysis.
Complex geometrical control of ball bearings rings on a coordinate-measuring machine
Authors: Suslin V P , Dzhunkovsky A V , Kholodov D A
Published: April 2022

This paper describes a method for complex control of geometrical parameters of ball bearings rings by means of coordinate measuring machines instead of specialized tools used on enterprises of bearing industry. The results of these experiments suggest the possibility of such control by means of coordinate measuring machines.
Vibration of the Cross-section of a Nonrigid Hollow Cylinder Unit under Combined Treatment by Cutting and Surface Plastic Deformation
Authors: Maximov Y V , Ankin A V , Vetrova E A
Published: April 2022

The process of combined machining by cutting and surface plastic deformation of nonrigid smooth hollow cylinder parts leads to creation of radial, bending and complex twisting oscillations of cross-sectional view of the part blank. These oscillations have an effect on dimension parameters of the combined machining of parts.
Innovative research and development based on of 3D parametric modeling technology
Authors: Shpun'kin N F , Petrov P A , Strokov P I , Gnevashev D A , Nikitin M Yu
Published: April 2022

The paper presents the results of innovative research and development based on of 3D parametric modeling technology. Due to the time-saving for R&D, the use of three-dimensional models makes it possible to hasten the preproduction process and to increase the competitive ability of new products. Some examples of the developed projects are presented.
Prospects of High-tech Development of the Russian Federation in Context of the Global Geopolitical Transformations
Authors: Platko А Yu
Published: April 2022

Russia is part of a geopolitical system, and the transformation within the country are closely linked to external changes, which have a strong influence on an economic policy. The article presents an analysis of the factors getting an obvious trend in the distribution of the world community and an impact on the possibility of conceptual change in our country.
STUDY OF FINE STRUCTURE OF INFRASOUND AND ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS OF A VEHICLE
Authors: Nyunin B N , Grafkina M V
Published: April 2022

Investigation of the fine structure of infrasound and electromagnetic fields (the spatial distribution of amplitude and energy parameters) in a confined space will solve fundamentally new problems to reduce the negative effects of these fields on humans.
The Hertzian problem for the ring layer of the optional thickness subject to friction forces in the contact area
Authors: Bozhkova L V , Ryabov V G , Noritzina G I
Published: April 2022

The paper presents a problem-solving procedure for the contact interaction of solid cylinder with elastic ring layer, coating the contact parallel hole in the rigid body. It is supposed that the radial contact pressure varies according to the cosine law, and the friction forces in the contact area vary in proportion to radial contact pressures. The authors defines explicitly the dependence of contact area size on the resultant load and cogging performance, which appears to be very useful for engineering practice.
Principles of Extruding Forging Die Design
Authors: Ragulin A V , Anukhin A S , Filippov Yu K , Kononov A V
Published: April 2022

This paper is about die design principles according to technical, social and economic demands by example of development of cold forging procedure ball pin body. Authors analyzed metal flow kinematics under product shaping on forging transitions with computer modeling. There are local effects going with forming process, including distribution and changing of specific forces on die walls and punch and pusher faces.
Application of Probabilistic Approach to Describe the Kinetic Curves of Dissolution And Leaching of Magnetite
Authors: Artamonova I V , Gorichev I G , Izotov A D , Pichugina N M , Stepanov V M
Published: April 2022

Proposed kinetic analysis of the processes of dissolution is based on use of principles of synergetics, fractal geometry, heterogeneous kinetics, using probabilistic approaches to the description of the interaction of oxide with a solution. The authors investigated in details the mechanisms of dissolution of magnetite and other oxides of iron in sour environments with the purpose to determine the mathematical equations that describe the kinetic curves of dissolution and leaching of magnetite.
Role Play As a Means of Shaping the Social And Cultural Competence of Students-Economists in the Technical University
Authors: Bagramyants M L , Bagramyants N L
Published: April 2022

This paper describes the theoretical and practical components of formation of cross-cultural competence for students-economists by using a role-playing game. There are conditions that ensure the maximum efficiency of this kind of student's speech activity. Analysis of the procedural part of the linguistic interactions in role-playing games are provided. The characteristic of language material taking into account features of foreign language teaching in the conditions of technical university is given.
Methodological Problems in the Accuracy of Scientific Terminology
Authors: Piskun A V
Published: April 2022

It is approved that the resolution of the antinomy of naming relations is a way to improve the accuracy of scientific terminology in general.
Practical Realisation of the Innovative Approach to Foreign Language Training in Non-linguistic Universities
Authors: Aslamova T V , Bashmakova I S
Published: April 2022

It is obvious that during the intensive process of informatization of education, new approaches, methods, new teaching materials are developed. The objective of this article focus on such methods as training in collaboration, project method, learning problems, notably : discussion, role-play problem orientation, etc. Because they're the most effective methods for the formation of linguistic and communicative competence of students at not language universities on material of socio-technical issues of the Internet, which is a priority today.
Distortions in Russian market economy
Authors: Katanaev N T , Larina E V
Published: April 2022

Positive dynamics of industrial production in the real sector of economy from 2004 to mid-2008 was affected by crisis in the period of active development of the economy. The paper gives a substantiation of adverse events that caused the destructive processes in the economy, which led to a fall of the main macroeconomic indicators.
Integration of Russian Higher Education into European Educational Space
Authors: Kochanova E N , Kochanov N P
Published: April 2022

This paper analyzes the processes of globalization sphere of higher education in light of the occurrence of the Russian Federation into the unified educational space.
Substantiation for the Innovative Training for Industrial Enterprises Specialist
Authors: Svetlov I E
Published: April 2022

The article shows the need for the development of enterprises based on innovation introduction. The aggravation of a personnel situation in the industry of the Russian Federation is noted. It's considering the problem of interaction between enterprises and universities and suggests some solutions by means of creation the corporate education space.
Van Gölü Havzası’ndan Toplanan Bazı Kavun Genotiplerinde Virüse Karşı Dayanıklılığın Mekanik İnokulasyon ve Moleküler Yöntemlerle Belirlenmesi
Authors: TURAN Sibel , ERDİNÇ Çeknas
Published: April 2022

Kavun (Cucumis melo L.) Türkiye ‘nin farklı coğrafik bölgelerinde yetiştirilen önemli bir sebze türüdür. Zucchini yellow mosaic virüs (ZYMV) başta olmak üzere cucumber mosaic virüs (CMV) ve watermelon mosaic virüs (WMV) kavunda oluşturduğu yıkıcı hasarlardan dolayı büyük ekonomik kayıplara neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Van Gölü Havzası’ndan toplanmış olan 22 farklı kavun genotipi ile birlikte 3 dayanıklı genotip ve 2 ticari çeşit bu üç virüse karşı mekanik inokülasyon ve moleküler yöntemlerle taranmıştır. Çalışmada ilk etapta ZYMV virüsü kullanılarak kavun genotiplerine virüs inokulasyonu gerçekleştirilmiş ve genotiplerde morfolojik gözlemler yapılarak 0-5 skalasına göre hastalık şiddeti belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın ikinci aşamasında bu genotiplerde 3 adet SCAR ve 4 adet CAPS olmak üzere 7 adet primer ile tarama yapılarak ZYMV, CMV ve WMV’ ye karşı dayanıklılık ile ilgili belirteçlerin varlığı tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Şiddetli ZYMV izolatına karşı mekanik olarak test edilen genotiplerin hiçbirinin virüse tolerant, dayanıklı ya da immun olmadığı saptanmıştır. Kavun genotiplerinde görülen hastalık şiddetinin %8.80-95.00 arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. SCOPE14541 primerinde 21 genotipte bant tespit edilirken, Creb-2 dayanıklılık genine bağlı olarak geliştirilen SCAPB051046 primerinde 25 genotipten yalnızca U6, U13 ve YYU6 genotiplerinde bant varlığı belirlenmiştir. ZYMV ve WMV’ ye karşı dayanıklılık genlerine bağlı olarak geliştirilmiş olan VirSq-F19 primeri YYU47 genotipi dışında tüm genotiplerde bant vermiştir. Zym dayanıklılık geni ile ilişkili 4 CAPS primerinden sadece ikisinden sonuç elde edilmiştir.
Bazı Üzüm Çeşitlerinin Doğal Enfeksiyon Koşullarında Mildiyö Hastalığına Karşı Reaksiyonları
Authors: MERMER DOĞU Duygu , ZOBAR Damla , DOĞU Koray , ÖZER Nuray , BAYRAKTAR Harun
Published: April 2022

Bağcılığının önemli sorunlarından biri Plasmopara viticola tarafından neden olunan mildiyö hastalığıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı bazı üzüm çeşitlerinin doğal enfeksiyon koşullarında mildiyö hastalığına karşı reaksiyonlarını tespit etmektir. Bu amaçla Tekirdağ Bağcılık Araştırma Enstitüsü bağ alanlarında 2016 ve 2017 yıllarında mildiyö hastalığı şiddeti (%) dikkate alınarak 21 üzüm çeşidi değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, çeşitlerin hastalık şiddetinin yıllara göre değişkenlik gösterdiği ve çeşitler arasında önemli derecede farklılıklar olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ancak değerlendirmelerin yapıldığı yıllarda çiçeklenme döneminde yeterli yağışların olmaması nedeniyle çok sayıda çeşitte hastalık şiddeti yüksek olmamıştır. 2016 ve 2017 yıllarında en yüksek hastalık şiddetleri sırasıyla %14 ve %10.25 ile 'Cabernet Sauvignon'’da görülmüştür. 'Isabella' ise en düşük hastalık şiddetini sergilemiş, söz konusu yıllarda hastalık şiddetleri sırasıyla %0 ve %0.50 olmuştur. Bu çeşidi 2016 ve 2017 yıllarında sırasıyla %0.75 ve %0.25’lik hastalık şiddetleri ile 'Semillon', %1.25 ve %1.00’lik hastalık şiddetleri ile 'Yapıncak', %0.75 ve %1.50’lik hastalık şiddetleri ile 'Reçel Üzümü' izlemiştir. Çeşitlerin tane rengi, olgunlaşma dönemi ve yaprak tüylülük durumu gibi bazı ampelografik özellikleri ile mildiyö hastalığı şiddeti arasında bir ilişki olmadığı görülmüştür. Bu çalışma 17 üzüm çeşidinin ('Sultani Çekirdeksiz', 'Çavuş', 'Müşküle', 'Barış', 'Yalova İncisi', 'Bozbey', 'Cardinal', 'Reçel Üzümü', 'Tekirdağ Çekirdeksizi', 'Güzgülü', 'Yapıncak', 'Chardonnay', 'Semillion', 'Gamay', 'Kalecik Karası', 'Papaz Karası' ve 'Cinsaut') doğal enfeksiyon koşullarında mildiyö hastalığına karşı duyarlılıkları yönünden ilk bulguları içermektedir.
Plain Trials: Culture and Competence in the Courtroom
Authors: Cates James A.
Published: April 2022

The presence of Plain people in the justice system historically involves civil disputes. A more recent trend is the presence of Plain people as criminal defendants. In tandem with their appearance in criminal proceedings is the question for some of competence to stand trial. Competence assumes a factual understanding of the legal process, the ability to assist counsel in preparing a defense, and an appreciation of the charges and case. In the decades since the Supreme Court ruled on competence, the evolution of definition, criteria, and assessment have focused on mental capacity and deficits. The contribution of culture has been marginalized. This article reviews the elements of competence to stand trial and restoration of that competence when it is lacking and applies them to Plain people. Two case studies demonstrate the impact of culture. Rarely considered, culture can have a profound influence on comprehension and appreciation of the judicial process and exacerbates issues of competency for a defendant who presents with cognitive impairments.
Editors' Introduction
Authors: Donnermeyer Joseph F. , Nolt Steven M.
Published: April 2022

No abstract available.
Pathophysiological basis and diagnosis of the cardiovascular system damage caused by coronavirus infection
Authors: Serezhina E. K. , Obrezan A. G.
Published: April 2022

This review focuses on the pathogenesis, most common clinical manifestations, and methods for diagnosis of damages to the cardiovascular system in coronavirus infection. The search for studies to be reviewed included publications of Elsevier, PubMed, and Web of Science resources by the key words “COVID-19”, “myocarditis”, “coronavirus”, and “myocardial injury”. The clinical presentation of coronavirus infection can include acute heart failure, myocardial injury, arrhythmias, pericarditis, venous thromboembolism, and microcirculatory dysfunction. Since symptoms of this pathology are non-specific, it is important to pay attention to monitoring of clinical laboratory and instrumental indexes for early differential diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. In all cases of parameter deviation from the normal range, cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 should be suspected. Measures should be taken for specifying the occurrence and severity of cardiac and/or vascular injury, and approaches should be developed for comprehensive treatment or prevention of these conditions.
Impact of plasma glucose and duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus on SYNTAX Score II in patients suffering from non ST-elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Biswas S. , Mukherjee A. , Chakraborty S. , Chaturvedi A. , Samanta B. , Khanra D. , Ray S. , Sharma R. K.
Published: April 2022

Aim    The objective was to assess the correlation of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c, and the duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with SYNTAX score (SS) II in patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).Material and methods    FPG and HbA1C were measured in 398 patients presenting with NSTEMI at admission. SS II was calculated using an online calculator. Patients were stratified according to SS II (≤21.5, 21.5–30.6, and ≥30.6), defined as SS II low, mid, and high, respectively.Results    37.7 % of subjects were diabetic. Correlations of FPG (R=0.402, R2=0.162, p<0.001) and HbA1c (R=0.359, R2=0.129, p<0.001) with SS II were weak in the overall population. Duration of T2DM showed very strong correlation with SS II (R=0.827, R2=0.347). For the prediction of high SS II in the study population, FPG≥98.5 mg / dl demonstrated a sensitivity of 58 % and a specificity of 60 %, and HbA1c ≥6.05 demonstrated a sensitivity of 63 % and a specificity of 69 %. Duration of T2DM (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.182; 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.185–2.773) and FPG (OR: 0.987; 95 % CI: 0.976–0.9959) were significantly associated with high SS II after controlling for other risk factors. Duration of T2DM (Beta=0.439) contributed strongly to variance of SS II, whereas HbA1c (Beta=0.063) contributed weakly.Conclusion    Duration of T2DM is a very important risk factor for severity of coronary artery disease.
Association of dipping pattern of blood pressure and atherosclerotic burden of coronary arteries in hypertensive patients
Authors: Taşbulak O. , Aktemur T. , Şahin A. A. , Demir A. R. , Güler A. , Topel C. , Turkvatan A. , Pusuroglu H. , Erturk M.
Published: April 2022

Aim    The aim of this study was to determine the association between the dipping pattern of BP and coronary artery disease in hypertensive patients.Material and methods    A total of 356 hypertensive patients were included in the study. The results of ambulatory BP monitoring, echocardiography, and coronary computerised tomographic angiography were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups on the basis of their ambulatory BP monitoring: 1) patients with the dipping pattern of BP; 2) patients with the non-dipping pattern (NDP).Results    Among the 356 patients, 145 were male (40.7 %). The smoking status was higher in patients with NDP (p=0.023). The statin usage in patients with the dipping pattern was higher in patients with NDP (p=0.027). There were no significant differences in the echocardiographic findings. 58.6 % of the patients without plaque formation had the dipping pattern of BP (p<0.05), however 84.4 % of patients with >50 % plaque formation had the NDP of BP (p<0.001).Conclusion    The NDP of BP might be related to the increased atherosclerotic process in coronary arteries, and pa­tients with NDP might have an increased atherosclerotic burden for coronary arteries when compared with patients with a dipping pattern.
Metabolic syndrome: Development of D.D.Pletnev’s and G.F.Lang’s ideas
Authors: Khalimov Yu. Sh. , Baranova E. I. , Belyaeva O. D. , Berkovich O. A.
Published: April 2022

Metabolic syndrome is a problem of our time due to its high prevalence (from 20 to 50% in the adult population). The aim of the work was to outline the main stages in the study of the totality of hemodynamic and metabolic disorders that was later designated “metabolic syndrome”, in Russia. The article focuses on the development of the ideas of D.D.Pletnev and G.F.Lang from the beginning of the 20th century to the present at the Department of Faculty Therapy in Petrograd Medical Institute for Women, which was later named the First Leningrad Medical Institute and is now named Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Academician I.P.Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University under the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation. The article discusses current trends in the study of the metabolic syndrome, including data from epidemiological studies on the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its individual components in Russia.Results. The paper presents the results of molecular genetic and instrumental methods for examining patients with abdominal obesity, metabolic syndrome, including those with complications such as atrial fibrillation, coronary heart disease, chronic heart failure with preserved left ventricular fraction. The review presents data on the molecular and other features of subcutaneous and visceral (epicardial) adipose tissue.Conclusion. The paper outlines priority areas for studying the metabolic syndrome in the future, which will be important for preventing the development and progression of this pathological condition.
Hypertension (experience of analyzing its genesis)
Authors: Pletnev D. D.
Published: April 2022

The article was first published in the journal “Vrachebnoe delo”. 1935; (2): 103–108. Flashback contains minor editorial changes.
Comments on the article by Professor Dmitry D. Pletnev “Hypertension (an attempt to analyze its genesis)”
Authors: Baranova I. A.
Published: April 2022

December 7, 2021 marks the 150th anniversary of birth of an outstanding scientist, clinician, publicist and teacher Dmitry D. Pletnev. D.D.Pletnev was convicted unfairly in 1937 and rehabilitated in 1985 by the Supreme Court of the USSR. However, several more decades of the oblivion passed. The understanding of the scientific and practical creativity of this man and his contribution to world medical history – the real rehabilitation – has begun only in the recent years. The sphere of interests and competencies of D.D.Pletnev was extremely extensive. Unfortunately, very few publications of D.D.Pletnev have survived to this day, only one short article “Hypertension (the experience of analyzing its genesis)” was found, published in the journal “Vrachebnoye delo” in 1935
Philanthropy and Sustainable Compassion: An Evidence of Charity Activism in Alumni Association of Islamic Boarding School
Authors: Hardi Eja Armaz , Masnidar Masnidar , Anita Efni
Published: April 2022

Charity activism has been growing significantly since the pandemic covid-19 outbreak in the early 2020s among Indonesian Muslims. Not only state and non-state actors have taken a role to lessen covid-19-victims’ drawbacks through Islamic social finance, but also private organization and association have done the same. The purpose of this paper is to examine the sustainable charity of Azzavirtium Endowment Fund (Dana Abadi Azzavirtium/DAZZ), which has initiated by the 2004 alumni association of Darussalam Gontor Boarding School (Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor/PMDG). Employing the model of Participation Action Research (PAR), this paper argues that the DAZZ's endowment fund management has given the pattern of sustainable Islamic social finance. Furthermore, this paper argues that the endowment fund has impacted on raising of sustainable compassion activism among alumni members, families, and even for the second generation. It further found that the orphans sponsoring has done with a textual understanding of religious orders without adding another material consideration.
The Integrated Effects of Fertilizer on Sweet Potato (Ipomea Batatas, Lam.) in Andosol and Nitisol Soils
Authors: Tang Erasmus Nchuaji , Ngome Francis Ajebesone
Published: April 2022

Sweet potato is a food and nutrition security crop in sub-Saharan Africa with low yields resulting from soil infertility. We examined the effects of nine fertilizer regimes on the growth performance of orange-fleshed (OFSP) and white-fleshed (WFSP) sweet potato varieties in two agro-ecological zones characterized by Andosol and Nitisol soils. The treatments were: NPK20-10-10, NPK6-15-28, rice husk biochar (RHB), fast compost (FC), Tithonia diversifolia leaf powder, poultry litter (PL), RHB/NPK20-10-10, FC/NPK20-10-10 and PL/NPK20-10-10. These were compared to a control of no fertilizer. The Andosol and Nitisol soils were acidic with significant differences (p < 0.05) in total nitrogen, organic carbon, C/N ratio, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium. Fertilizer effects were dominant on the adventitious root, total and marketable yields, moderately affecting main stem length and harvest index (HI) with weak effects on branch number, petiole length and leaf area index (LAI). Soil type and sweet potato variety strongly affected main stem length and HI. Variety × fertilizer strongly influenced adventitious root formation, while soil × variety × fertilizer affected total and marketable yields. LAI, primary branch number, dry biomass, total and marketable yields were best for the OFSP in the Andosol, while main stem length, petiole length, adventitious roots and HI were best for the WFSP in the Nitisol. Results of the study showed that FC, PL/NPK20-10-10 and RHB/NPK20-10-10 were the most promising soil fertility amendments to boost sweet potato productivity in the Nitisols and Andosols.
Gut microbiome of healthy people and patients with hematological malignancies in Belarus
Authors: Akhremchuk Katsiaryna V. , Skapavets Katsiaryna Y. , Akhremchuk Artur E. , Kirsanava Natalia P. , Sidarenka Anastasiya V. , Valentovich Leonid N.
Published: April 2022

Gut microbiota plays an important role in human health and the development of various diseases. We describe the intestinal microbiome of 31 healthy individuals and 29 patients who have hematological malignancies from Belarus. Bacteria that belong to Faecalibacterium, Blautia, Bacteroides, Ruminococcus, Bifidobacterium, Prevotella, Lactobacillus, and Alistipes genera were predominant in the gut of healthy people. Based on the dominant microbiota species, two enterotype-like clusters that are driven by Bacteroides and Blautia, respectively, were identified. A significant decrease in alpha diversity and alterations in the taxonomic composition of the intestinal microbiota were observed in patients with hematological malignancies compared to healthy people. The microbiome of these patients contained a high proportion of Bacteroides, Blautia, Faecalibacterium, Lactobacillus, Prevotella, Alistipes, Enterococcus, Escherichia-Shigella, Ruminococcus gnavus group, Streptococcus, and Roseburia. An increased relative abundance of Bacteroides vulgatus, Ruminococcus torques, Veillonella, Tuzzerella, Sellimonas, and a decreased number of Akkermansia, Coprococcus, Roseburia, Agathobacter, Lachnoclostridium, and Dorea were observed in individuals with hematological malignancies. Generally, the composition of the gut microbiome in patients was more variable than that of healthy individuals, and alterations in the abundance of certain microbial taxa were individually specific.
The Syriac Christianization of a Medical Greek Recipe: From Barbaros Hera to the “Apostles’ Ointment”
Authors: Asade Daniel , Druille Paola
Published: April 2022

During the Late antiquity, several works by Galen (2nd–3th CE.) were translated into Syriac for the first time by Sergius of Rēšʽaynā (6th CE.), starting up the Hippocratic-Galenic medicine in Syriac Language. Based on these translations, there arouse novel versions of compound medicines in Syriac, such as the “Apostles’ Ointment” which is found in The Book of Medicines, possibly from Abassid period, edited and translated by E.A.W. Budge in 1913, which contains more ancient Syriac medical prescriptions. The textual pharmaceutical study regarding the therapeutic uses and qualitative composition of the ‘Apostles’ Ointment’, and its comparison with a kind of plaster (barbaros) which appears in various Late antiquity Greek recipes (Galen, Oribasius, Aetius of Amida, and Paul of Aegina), reveal the micro-transformations suffered to a new and final Syriac Christian version which we here introduce.
Constantine X Doukas (1059–1067) versus Uzes – about the Nomads on Boats on the Danube in 1064
Authors: Böhm Marcin
Published: April 2022

The reign of the Doukas dynasty in 1059–1078 was a time when new threats to the Byzantine Empire emerge in Europe and Asia. One of them was the increased activity of Turkmen who were penetrating the lands belonging to the Byzantines. A manifestation of these threats was visible during the rule of Constantine X Doukas (1059–1067) in 1064. We have there an invasion of the tribe of Uzes, who crossed the Danube. They ventured so far, as the vicinity of Thessalonica and the province of Hellas, plundering everything in their path. Their actions surprised the defense of the Byzantines. This attack on the empire was related to their crossing of the Danube, about which Michael Attaliates and Skylitzes Continuatus provides us with interesting information. The main aim of this paper therefore will be related to issues linked to the types of vessels used by Uzes to cross this river, as well as an attempt to assess their boatbuilding skills.
The Byzantine Garden. What to Plant in the Garden according to 12th Book of Geoponica by Cassianus Bassus?
Authors: Helbig Maciej
Published: April 2022

The main aim of this paper is to analyse the text of the 12th book of Geoponica for the purpose of identification of vegetable plants, which were described by Cassianus Bassus. The analysis will serve as the first step for further inquiries that will include the reconstruction of recipes that require some of the vegetables presented in the text.The text of Geoponica is a basic source learn about the agriculture but also the culinary art of the Byzantine Empire, even though it is rather hard to read due to the complicated style and quite a large number of technical terms (i.e. botanical, agronomical or astrological to name just a few). As already mentioned, the first part of the analysis is to identify the plants mentioned by Bassus, which will allow me to take further steps, i.e. to reconstruct the culinary recipes, in which the plants mentioned by the Author can be found. Without this precise identification, the reconstruction of the recipes would not be possible at all.In the 12th book of his Geoponica Bassus gave descriptions of several plants that should be taken into consideration while planning the garden, mostly for their medicinal or cooking properties. Amongst them, Author mentioned garlic, artichoke, melon, leek, radish, celery, and cucumbers. Having the rather big number of plants narrowed down will allow to demonstrate in vivo how they were served according to De re coquinaria by Apicius and present the practical usage of vegetables proposed by Bassus for cultivation. As Apicius’ cookbook is the only one preserved from Antiquity, it will remain the major source of the recipes presented in this paper.
Preliminary Notes on the Physician Krateuas (2nd–1st Century BC). A New Collection of his T and F
Authors: Squillace Giuseppe
Published: April 2022

The physician Krateuas lived in the first part of the 1st century BC, worked at the court of Mithridates and wrote a Rhizotomikon (Herbal) of which only a few fragments remain. More than a century ago, Max Wellmann studied this physician (1897; 1898) and collected his Testimonies (T) and Fragments (F) as an appendix of his edition of Dioscorides De materia medica (1914). After Wellmann, only short studies (mostly encyclopedia entries) have been carried on Krateuas, whose work influenced Dioscorides. This paper is a first step towards a monograph on this physician and a new edition of T and F with translation and historical commentary.
Mental Illnesses in the Middle Ages and their Reflection in the South Slavonic Hagiographic Literature
Authors: Todorova Ekaterina
Published: April 2022

The main points are related to the cultural-anthropological (Michel Foucault) and theological contextualization of diseases (Jean-Claude Larchet) and their treatment in the Middle Ages. Based on the South Slavonic hagiographic literature, the terms physician and healer are defined and specified. The study focuses on the mental disease (insanity), which according to the methodology of Larchet is three types: somatic nature of madness, the madness of demonic origin, and madness of spiritual origin. Also partly concerns the problem of God fools’ insanity.
The De haeresibus et synodis of Germanos I of Constantinople as a Source on Early Byzantine Heresies? Prospects of a Critical Edition
Authors: Zieme Johann Anton
Published: April 2022

A new, critical edition of the 8th-century treatise De haeresibus et synodis (CPG 8020) by Patriarch Germanus I of Constantinople is in progress; it will provide new insights, especially into the large extent of sources that were copied or paraphrased. The article takes a close look at three chapters that could be considered as sources for different Christian heresies (Manichaeism, Montanism and Christological dissenters) in 8th-century Byzantium and some of the first new text- and sourcecritical findings. The accounts on Manichaeism and Montanism are based on older, lost sources and can therefore not be consulted as historical sources on these heresies in the Early Byzantine age. The account of the Ecumenical Councils involved in the Christological controversies attributes faith formulas to Councils that did not actually issue them and thus must be dismissed as a historical source on the course of these controversies as well. Nevertheless all three chapters, like the rest of the treatise, testify to the views of an Early Byzantine theologian on heresies and Church Councils and to how he reached his views. This scope for further study is deduced from the character of the text itself and thus especially appropriate.
Captives and Refugees. The Forced Migration of the Inhabitants of the Byzantine Eastern Frontier during the 5th–7th Centuries in Light of Byzantine-Slavic Hagiographical Texts
Authors: Brzozowska Zofia A.
Published: April 2022

This article is devoted to the image of a social situation in the eastern parts of the Byzantine Empire during the 5th–7th century, which is to be found in the East Christian hagiographical texts. They cannot be treated as a completely reliable source of information, due to exaggerations and simplifications typical for the genre. On the other hand, they testify a long-lasting and vital literary tradition – they were circulating in the Byzantine Commonwealth during the Middle Ages, were translated to several languages (inter alia to the Church Slavic). They formed the basis for stereotypes – specific for the Medieval European imagination – that the eastern frontier of the Empire was rather dangerous territory, its neighbors (Persians, Arabs) were unpredictable pagans and the Christian inhabitants of the region ought to be called their innocent victims.
Personal health and nutrition information-seeking attitudes and behaviours of first year Canadian and United States veterinary students
Authors: Nielson Shelby , Kamleh May , Conlon Peter , McWhirter Jennifer , Stone Elizabeth , Khosa Deep
Published: April 2022

Objective: To identify the primary sources of information first year Canadian and US veterinary students relied on for their personal health and nutrition information, and to explore their attitudes towards, and perceptions of, health information resources.

Background: Though the animal health information-seeking behaviours (HISB) of veterinary students have been explored, research regarding personal HISB of this professional student population is limited.

Evidentiary value: Participants were first year veterinary students (n=322) at the five Canadian veterinary schools and five randomly selected US veterinary schools. An online questionnaire was used to gather students’ demographic information, sources of health and nutrition information, and information-seeking attitudes and perceptions. This study may impact practice at the institutional level for veterinary educators.

Methods: STATA 15.1© was used for quantitative analysis; involving multivariate logistic regression models, univariate analyses, and measures of frequency.

Results: Results indicated high reliance on the Internet for personal health 213/322 (66%) and nutrition 196/322 (61%) information. While respondents revealed high trust levels in dietary recommendations from family doctors, 132/322 (41%) of students revealed their doctor did not provide any information on healthy diets. Students who reported the use of peer-reviewed journal articles for personal nutrition information were at greater odds of having confidence in knowing where to find nutrition information (Odds Ratio [OR] = 6.61, p<0.001).

Conclusion: Participating students reported a high reliance on the Internet search engine Google, and a general lack of guidance from medical professionals regarding general health needs.

Application: Veterinary schools should consider this information to enhance student information literacy skills, particularly to facilitate personal HISB, and consequently help in management of personal health throughout the growing demands of the programme.
Necessary Conditions to A Fractional Variational Problem
Authors: Barrios Melani , Reyero Gabriela , Tidball Mabel
Published: April 2022

The fractional variational calculus is a recent fifield, where classical variational problems are considered, but in the presence of fractional derivatives. Since there are several defifinitions of fractional derivatives, it is logical to think of different types of optimality conditions. For this reason, in order to solve fractional variational problems, two theorems of necessary conditions are well known: an Euler-Lagrange equation which involves Caputo and Riemann-Liouville fractional derivatives, and other Euler-Lagrange equation that involves only Caputo derivatives. However, it is undecided which of these two methods is convenient to work with. In this article, we make a comparison solving a particular fractional variational problem with both methods to obtain some conclusions about which one gives the optimal solution.
Three-step Iterative Algorithm with Error Terms of Convergence and Stability Analysis for New NOMVIP in Ordered Banach Spaces
Authors: Ahmad Iqbal
Published: April 2022

This article undertakes to study a NOMVIP involving XNOR-operation and solved by employing a proposed three-step iterative algorithm in ordered Banach Space. Under suitable conditions, we obtain the strong convergence and existence results of NOMVIP involving XNOR-operation by applying the resolvent operator technique with XNOR and XOR operations and discuss the stability of the proposed algorithm. Finally, we provide a numerical example to confirm the convergence of the suggested algorithm in support of our considered problem which gives the grantee that all the proposed conditions of our main result have been formulated by using MATLAB programming.
Jak wykorzystać wstręt? O roszadach z polskością i potrzebie samorealizacji w twórczości Michała Witkowskiego słów kilka
Authors: Wróblewski Łukasz
Published: April 2022

W swoim artykule wyjaśniam, jaką rolę odgrywa wstręt oraz wywołujące go obiekty w twórczości Michała Witkowskiego. Argumentuję, że celem prozaika jest nie tyle szokowanie odbiorcy obrzydliwymi obrazami, ile raczej skłonienie go do intelektualnych poszukiwań nastawionych zarówno na poznanie własnych afektów, jak i konfrontację z innością. Sięgając do koncepcji innowacyjnego poznania Ryszarda Nycza, proponuję widzieć w tekstach Witkowskiego kognitywny przyrząd sprawczy. Ten umożliwia reartykulację toksycznych afektów oraz osiągnięcie samorealizacji za sprawą wstrętu agonicznego, który opisuję, odwołując się do pomysłu Chantal Mouffe, jako narzędzie przełamywania afektywnych napięć. Przedmiotem analizy czynię w szczególności jedno z ostatnich dzieł Witkowskiego zatytułowane „Sto psów za zabicie kraba. Dziennik kubański”. Napisana w formie postów na Facebooku powieść z jednej strony dokumentuje perypetie bohaterów przebywających na komunistycznej Kubie, a z drugiej redefiniuje polskość, sięgając po estetykę wstrętu.