bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DESCRIÇÃO DE FOCOS RESIDUAIS DE TRIATOMA INFESTANS (KLUG, 1834) NO MUNICÍPIO DE NOVO HORIZONTE, BAHIA
Authors: Brandão Helena , Fonseca Eduardo , Santos Roberto , Ribeiro Júnior Gilmar , Santos Carlos Gustavo , Cova Bruno , Will Rosane Maria , Reis Mitermayer
Published: December 2020

Triatoma infestans foi considerado, por anos, o principal vetor da doença deChagas no Brasil. A redução dos índices de infestação predial associados à espécie conferiuao país, em 2006, certificação de eliminação da transmissão da doença por esse vetor.Porém, focos residuais foram encontrados no município de Novo Horizonte (BA), Brasil, apartir do ano de 2010. Diante desse panorama, foi desenvolvido um estudo com objetivode descrever os focos residuais de T. infestans no município de Novo Horizonte, área decaatinga da Bahia. As pesquisas foram realizadas na localidade de Fazenda Queimadas6ª, zona rural do município, nos anos de 2011 a 2013. Os triatomíneos coletados foramidentificados, triados e dissecados para diagnóstico molecular da infecção natural peloTrypanosoma cruzi e avaliação de suas fontes alimentares. Durante o estudo, foramcoletados 502 exemplares, distribuídos em dois focos residuais: em 2011 com 71 indivíduosno intra e peridomicílio; e, em 2013, com 431, apenas no peridomicílio. Desse total, 143exemplares foram selecionados para análises moleculares: todos os coletados em 2011 e 16,7% dos coletados em 2013. O Índice de Infecção Natural pelo T. cruzi foi de 4,2%. O DNA de ave foi detectado em 60% dos triatomíneos analisados, 1 infectado por T. cruzi. Já o DNA humano ocorreu em 3% das amostras, com nenhum triatomíneo infectado. A convivência de seres humanos e animais domésticos com colônias de T. infestans suscita a possibilidade de recolonização dessa espécie na Bahia, aumentando a chance de transmissão vetorial da doença de Chagas.
PADRONIZAÇÃO DAS CONDIÇÕES PARA A EXTRAÇÃO AUTOMATIZADA DO DNA DE FLEBOTOMÍNEOS NO LABORATÓRIO CENTRAL DE SAÚDE PÚBLICA DA BAHIA
Authors: Cova Bruno , Ferreira Fábio , Sousa Orlando Marcos , Santos Carlos Gustavo , Fonseca Eduardo Oyama , Ribas José Lázaro
Published: December 2020

A escassez de informações dos fatores envolvidos na interação vetor-parasitahospedeironas áreas endêmicas de leishmanioses na Bahia dificulta substancialmente aaplicação de medidas de controle desse agravo. O diagnóstico molecular da infecção naturaldos vetores das leishmanioses surge como uma alternativa para analisar os flebotomíneosprovenientes das atividades da Rede Estadual de Vigilância Entomológica da Bahia.Para tanto, é de fundamental importância padronizar as condições para a detecção do DNAdos flebotomíneos no processo de extração. O presente trabalho objetivou padronizar ascondições para a extração automatizada do DNA de flebotomíneos no Laboratório Centralde Saúde Pública da Bahia (LACEN-BA). O material recebido pelo Núcleo de Entomologiado LACEN-BA foi triado e 100 exemplares de flebotomíneos machos foram previamenteacondicionados em álcool a 70%. Os exemplares foram separados em amostras com pools de10 flebotomíneos. Cada amostra foi macerada em 80μL de tampão de lise para realização daextração automatizada de DNA no EasyMAG®. Foram realizados PCRs com primers capazesde detectar genes específicos de flebotomíneos que regulam sua cacofonia. A detecção dosprodutos da PCR foi feita por meio de eletroforese em gel de agarose (1%), com produto de amplificação dos alvos testados de 220pb. A eletroforese permitiu a observação do DNA amplificado de gene cacofonia de flebotomíneos, evidenciando o sucesso da técnica de extração automatizada do DNA dos vetores das leishmanioses no LACEN-BA. Este trabalho contribuirá nos estudos epidemiológicos futuros acerca da identificação dos parasitas envolvidos nos ciclos epidemiológicos das leishmanioses no estado.
Using Dose-Effect Relationship for Optimising Systemic Corticosteroid Dosage in Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Authors: Alekseeva O. P. , Krishtopenko S. V. , Alekseeva A. A.
Published: December 2020

Aim.Estimation of an optimal corticosteroid (CS, prednisone) dosage for the remission induction in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) based on the construction of a dose-effect relationship during the first and second courses of therapy.

Materials and methods.The study included 86 patients with moderate to severe active disease (61 with UC and 25 with CD) aged 18 to 65 years. To induce remission, all patients had the first course of prednisone at a starting dose of 30 to 60 mg/day, with a subsequent reduction. Prednisone was continued in a repeat course in 28 patients. The effect was evaluated past two weeks and at a time of complete withdrawal of prednisone using the generally accepted clinical response and remission criteria. The dose-effect relationship for prednisone was constructed using an original method. The method realises an adequate statistical transformation of primary clinical data in form of a quantitative expression of factual doses and registered alternative responses established with endpoint criteria into a visual efficacy function graph suitable for downstream analyses. The mean at each point was estimated with the regression kernel scoring method. The mean confidence intervals and significance values were estimated with the Student’st-test.

Results.The dose-effect relationship constructed upon completion of the first prednisone course is a graph showing the plateau point of the efficacy function as a statistical measure of character saturation and a clinical measure of the highest expected drug effect. This graph is referred to as the optimal clinically effective dose (OCED). The first induction prednisone course had the OCED estimates of 50.70 ± 0.65 (49.41÷51.98) mg (p= 0.05). A highest expected effect for this dose was obtained in the interval of 82.21 ± 8.23 (66.08÷98.33)% (p= 0.05). The repeat prednisone course had OCED values of 51.43 ± 1.55 (48.24÷54.61) mg (p= 0.05), with the expected effect of 40.02 ± 12.86 (13.59÷66.45)% (p= 0.05).

Conclusion.In medium to severe UC and CD patients, the first induction prednisone course had OCED estimates of 50.70 ± 0.65 mg/day prescribed at the onset of therapy. The highest effect at this dose was 82%, and 18% of the patients did not respond to the prednisone treatment, accordingly. The repeat CS treatment had the same OCED values of 51.43 ± 1.55 mg/day, but a 42% lower expected effect compared to the first course. The effect did not exceed 40% suggesting its inadequacy in repeat CS treatments in this category of patients.
Clinical Recommendations of the Russian Gastroenterological Association on Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Esophagitis
Authors: Ivashkin V. T. , Yuschuk N. D. , Maev I. V. , Trukhmanov A. S. , Storonova O. A. , Makushina A. A. , Pirogov S. S. , Zayratyants O. V. , Alekseeva O. P. , Andreyev D. N. , Lapina T. L. , Tkachev A. V. , Uspenskiy Yu. P. , Sheptulin A. A.
Published: December 2020

Aim. Current clinical recommendations aim to provide gastroenterologists, general practitioners (family doctors), endoscopists and infectionists with modern methods for diagnosis and treatment of infectious esophagitis.

Key points. Infectious esophagitis is an esophageal disease of fungal, viral, bacterial or parasitic origin. Esophagus may be affected per se or conjointly in a common gastrointestinal infection. All patients suspected for infectious esophagitis, unless contraindicated, are advised an esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy to confirm diagnosis. Selected incidents of infectious esophagitis require a histological, immunohistochemical examination or polymerase chain reaction-based diagnosis to verify the infectious agent. Uncomplicated infectious esophagitis requires a conservative therapy, mostly on an outpatient basis. However, cases of severe odynophagia, dysphagia, severe pain syndrome, high complication risks (e.g., esophageal ulcer bleeding in thrombocytopenia), severe immunodeficiency, generalised forms of disease and severe concomitant disorders are considered for hospital care. The clinical recommendations outline criteria for the medical care quality assessment and provide relevant information to the patient.

Conclusion. Diagnosis of infectious esophagitis capitalises on the clinical picture (odynophagia, dysphagia), presence of immunosuppression, endoscopic and histological evidence. All patients with infectious esophagitis of verified origin are recommended a suitable etiotropic therapy.
En novembersnak med den nye formand
Authors: Hansen Jan Erik
Published: December 2020

”Nu handler det om at få implementeret de konkrete ting, som vi har snakket om i strategien. Især kompetencebehovet er et af de punkter hvor kollegerne derude rigtig gerne vil bruge foreningen til. At styrke fagligheden på tværs og erfaringsudveksle.” - interview med Karin Englev, nyvalgt DFFU-formand.
Decisões de Investimento de Empresas Familiares Brasileiras
Authors: Moreira Goes Thiago Henrique , Pinheiro Machado Filho Cláudio Antonio
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Entre os principais determinantes de uma política de investimentos estão a estrutura de propriedade e o comportamento dos gestores. Nesta vertente, um segmento de empresas que possuem características específicas que se sobressaem nas políticas de investimento são as empresas familiares. Assim, o objetivo da pesquisa consistiu em analisar o impacto da estrutura de propriedade familiar nas decisões de investimento das empresas brasileiras entre os períodos de crises econômicas (2009-2013), pois tais períodos foram considerados satisfatórios para a economia e apresentaram normalidade institucional. Metodologia: O estudo apresenta um modelo de regressões lineares múltiplas elaboradas para testar o impacto de várias variáveis sobre uma variável dependente em uma relação simultânea. A variável dependente consistiu no índice de investimento em CapEx realizado pelas empresas. A variável de interesse foi uma variável dummy se a empresa era familiar ou não. Além disso, foram realizados testes para identificar os momentos da companhia, ou seja, testar o comportamento das empresas quando estas estavam melhores ou piores do que suas concorrentes não familiares. Resultados: Os resultados corroboram os pressupostos de autopreservação, visto que as empresas familiares investiram 13,5% menos do que empresas não familiares. Contudo, as empresas familiares quando apresentam resultados piores que suas concorrentes investem até 24% mais do que empresas não familiares.  Desta forma, a pesquisa sustenta as hipóteses de que as empresas familiares estão mais alinhadas ao comportamento de autopreservação nas decisões de investimento. Contribuições teóricas: A pesquisa proporciona uma análise sobre os chamados mixed-gambles das empresas familiares, ou seja, a aversão ao risco e a busca pela perpetuidade da companhia demonstrados pelo uso da variável dummy e pelos testes complementares com situações econômicas favoráveis e desfavoráveis. Contribuições práticas: Foram encontrados resultados que apontam o comportamento de maior autopreservação das empresas brasileiras em relação aos seus investimentos.
Predictive biomarker modeling of pediatric atopic dermatitis severity based on longitudinal serum collection
Authors: Engle Sarah , Chang Ching-Yun , Ulrich Benjamin , Satterwhite Allyson , Hayes Tristan , Robling Kim , Sissons Sean , Schmitz Jochen , Tepper Rob , Kaplan Mark , Sims Jonathan
Published: December 2020

Background: The pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) results from
complex interactions between environmental factors, barrier defects, and
immune dysregulation resulting in systemic inflammation. Therefore, we
sought to characterize circulating inflammatory profiles in pediatric AD
patients and identify potential signaling nodes which drive disease
heterogeneity and progression. Methods: We analyzed a population of 87
infants that were at high risk for atopic disease based on dermatitis
diagnoses. Clinical parameters, serum, and peripheral blood mononuclear
cells (PBMCs) were collected upon entry, and at one and four years
later. Within patient serum, 126 unique analytes were measured using a
combination of multiplex platforms and ultrasensitive immunoassays.
Results: We assessed the correlation of inflammatory analytes with AD
severity (SCORAD). Key biomarkers, such as IL-13 (corr=0.47) and TARC
(corr=0.37), among other inflammatory signals, significantly correlated
with SCORAD across all timepoints in the study. Flow cytometry and
pathway analysis of these analytes implies that CD4 T cell involvement
in type 2 immune responses were enhanced at the earliest time point
(year 1) relative to the end of study collection (year 5). Importantly,
forward selection modeling identified 18 analytes in infant serum at
study entry which could be used to predict change in SCORAD four years
later. Conclusions: We have identified a pediatric AD biomarker
signature linked to disease severity which will have predictive value in
determining AD persistence in youth and provide utility in defining core
systemic inflammatory signals linked to pathogenesis of atopic disease.
Nonpharmacologic Treatment of Insomnia in Primary Care Settings
Authors: Hrehova Laura , Mezian Kamal
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Prevalence of insomnia is higher in females and increases
with higher age. Besides primary insomnia, comorbid sleep disorders are
also common, accompanying different conditions. Considering the possible
adverse effects of commonly used drugs to promote sleep, a
nonpharmacologic approach should be preferred in most cases. Although
generally considered first-line treatment, the nonpharmacologic approach
is often underestimated by both patients and physicians. Objective: To
provide primary care physicians an up-to-date approach to the
nonpharmacologic treatment of insomnia. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science,
and Scopus databases were searched for relevant articles about the
nonpharmacologic treatment of insomnia up to December 2020. We
restricted our search only to articles written in English. Main Message:
Most patients presenting with sleep disorder symptoms can be effectively
managed in the primary care setting. Primary care physicians may use
pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic approaches, while the latter should
be generally considered first-line treatment. A primary care physician
may opt to refer the patient to a sleep medicine specialist for
refractory cases. Conclusions: This paper provides an overview of
current recommendations and up-to-date evidence for the nonpharmacologic
treatment of insomnia. This article emphasizes the importance of
cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia, likewise, exercise and
relaxation techniques. Complementary and alternative approaches are also
covered.
Community structure and collapses in multi-channel food webs: role of consumer body sizes and mesohabitat productivities.
Authors: Dijoux Samuel , Boukal David
Published: December 2020

Multi-channel food webs are shaped by the ability of apex predators to
link asymmetric energy flows in mesohabitats differing in productivity
and community traits. While body size is a fundamental trait underlying
life histories and demography, its implications for structuring
multi-channel food webs are unexplored. To fill this gap, we develop a
framework that links population responses to predation and resource
availability to community-level patterns using a tri-trophic food web
model with two populations of intermediate consumers and a
size-selective top predator. We show that asymmetries in mesohabitat
productivities and consumer body sizes drive food web structure, merging
previously separate theory on apparent competition and emergent Allee
effects (i.e., abrupt collapses of top predator populations). Our
results yield theoretical support for empirically observed stability of
asymmetric multi-channel food webs and discover three novel types of
emergent Allee effects involving intermediate consumers, multiple
populations or multiple alternative stable states.
Gênero e sexualidade na formação docente: um mapeamento das pesquisas entre Norte e Nordeste
Authors: Cardoso Lívia de Rezende , Bertoldo Tássia Alexandre Teixeira , Santos Linda Brasil de Azevedo
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo constrói um mapeamento com o objetivo de analisar as teses e dissertações em gênero, sexualidade e formação docente defendidas em programas de pós-graduação nas instituições de ensino superior das regiões Norte e Nordeste do Brasil. Para isso, foram mapeadas teses e dissertações no período de 2006 a 2018 por meio de um estudo do tipo estado da arte. Para este artigo, trouxemos os 22 trabalhos que envolvem formação de professoras/es e, considerando o objetivo deste estudo, organizamos a discussão em duas unidades de sentido: a primeira voltada para os trabalhos que fazem análise da concepção de professoras/es em formação inicial e a segunda os trabalhos voltados para o currículo desta formação. Nessa perspectiva, foram observadas algumas contribuições, limites e possibilidades dessa produção acadêmica.
A curiosidade denegada: quando a infância negligenciada favorece o risco ao abuso sexual
Authors: Leão Neto Artur Augusto Fernandes , Jacinto Jéssica da Costa , Silva Ricardo Desidério da
Published: December 2020

Para o presente trabalho adotamos a metodologia de análise a partir de bibliografia sobre o abuso sexual infantil, tema que encerra em si mesmo a ambivalência de ser tabu e urgente. Tabu, por ser proibido e cercado de segredos, discriminação, preconceito e urgente, pois se faz necessária a disponibilização de espaços adequados, éticos e cientificamente respaldados, dada a crescente e acentuada ocorrência deste modo de violação e violência contra a infância. Temos por objetivo analisar a importância de uma Educação Sexual infantil e que, seu trabalho na educação escolar se alie como dispositivo legitimado e socialmente responsável como contribuição ao enfrentamento do abuso sexual infantil.
A representatividade do salto alto
Authors: Attab Renan Martins da Conceição , Fernandes Priscila da Silva
Published: December 2020

Esse trabalho tem por objetivo compreender como o salto alto esteve presente por tanto tempo no processo evolutivo sociocultural, abordando as consequências que esse tipo de calçado produzia, principalmente no ambiente de trabalho, desmitificando o poder de fascinação que ele provoca nas mulheres e compreender a questão do fetiche masculino com relação a esse objeto. Como metodologia, foi realizada uma pesquisa na qual se analisou fatos históricos, blogs e artigos científicos para o desenvolvimento teórico. Como resultado, obteve-se que o uso do salto alto no cotidiano pode ser muito prejudicial à coluna e às pernas da mulher e que o uso desse calçado é fruto de uma cultura machista, fundamentada no fetichismo do imaginário masculino.
Uma experiência formativa na residência pedagógica: representação histórica feminina negra em um jogo de cartas
Authors: Rodrigues Lillian , Custodio Vagner , Simão Lidiane
Published: December 2020

Este artigo analisa como o docente pode utilizar a representatividade de mulheres da história brasileira como estratégia metodológica objetivando contribuir para minimizar os impactos causados pelos preconceitos étnicos e raciais e limitações dos papéis de gênero. A hipótese foi de que levando a representatividade feminina ao ambiente escolar, as desigualdades entre os gêneros podem ser minimizadas com o reconhecimento e a identificação do protagonismo feminino em importantes momentos históricos brasileiros, comumente relacionados apenas ao gênero masculino. A metodologia utilizada aborda a história de personagens históricas retratadas em um livro, por meio de um jogo de cartas com recurso de áudio e observações de campo, chegando-se ao resultado qualitativo de melhoria da autoestima, autoimagem, e desempenho escolar dos alunos, concluindo que o preconceito, aliado aos papéis limitantes de gênero e a baixa autoestima podem ser fatores associados ao baixo desempenho escolar e a distúrbios de imagem corporal.
A Educação Sexual e a promoção da equidade de gênero no enfrentamento da violência doméstica contra mulheres
Authors: Azadinho Mariana Passafaro Mársico , Oliveira Angelita de Lima , Milani Débora Raquel da Costa
Published: December 2020

A violência contra as mulheres constitui-se em uma das principais formas de violação aos direitos humanos. Segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde, o Brasil se posiciona no 5º lugar dos países que mais matam mulheres no mundo no contexto doméstico e familiar. Essa violência decorre de uma cultura preconceituosa, discriminatória, patriarcalista, machista e racista. Para combatê-la, é preciso, além de políticas públicas efetivas, a integração do Poder Público com as áreas da educação, por meio de ações educacionais que disseminem os direitos humanos e os valores éticos de irrestrito respeito à dignidade da pessoa humana com a perspectiva de gênero. Nesse sentido, por meio de um levantamento bibliográfico, com análise crítica acerca da temática abordada, este trabalho tem por objetivo ressaltar a importância da educação sexual e da promoção da equidade de gênero no processo educativo de aprendizagem e de socialização, concluindo que essa educação contribui com a formação de um pensamento crítico e com o desenvolvimento social e colabora com a construção de uma cultura igualitária, com a igualdade de gênero e enfrentamento de todas as formas de violência, discriminação e preconceito contra as mulheres.
A prática de professores da Educação Infantil como ação preventiva da violência sexual de crianças
Authors: Mendes Márcia Cristiane Ferreira , Moura Anaisa Alves de , Aragão Maria da Paz Arruda
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a prática docente para o combate ao abuso e a exploração sexual de crianças, através das experiências obtidas no projeto de extensão e das ações pedagógicas ocorridas nos Centros de Educação Infantil públicas de Sobral – CE. Como abordagem metodológica, utilizamos a qualitativa. Para o aprofundamento teórico recorremos aos estudos de Caroline Arcari (2013), Rosemberg (1985), Bem e Wagner (2006), Werebe (1970), Ribeiro (1990), Maia e Ribeiro (2011), que discutem sobre Educação Sexual e violação de direito das Crianças e dos Adolescentes. Como resultado, apontamos a importância da formação de professores para a prevenção ao abuso sexual de crianças e da relevância de planejar suas ações pedagógicas nesta perspectiva, e proporcionar palestras para as famílias dos alunos como esclarecimento quanto à valorização familiar e à proteção e garantia de direito das crianças.
The effect of increasing the minimum wage on poverty and inequality in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Kurta Amela , Oruc Nermin
Published: December 2020

The minimum wage, as a labour market policy with distributive impact, is
widely debated in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). This paper estimates the
effect of increasing the minimum wage on poverty and income inequality in
BiH, providing the first empirical evidence on the minimum wage in the
country. Using data from the Household Budget Survey (HBS) for 2015, the
effects of four changes (two per entity) in the minimum wage were simulated
using the microsimulation model BiHMOD. First, the effect of the latest
changes implemented in the previous period was calculated using the previous
minimum wage level as the baseline. Second, the effect of recently proposed
changes was simulated using the current level as the baseline. The findings
suggest that increasing the minimum wage in BiH has a significant positive
effect on poverty reduction, but a limited effect on the level of income
inequality. The estimated effects were also calculated for different types
of households. The results suggest that a single policy may have unexpected
effects if other policies are not taken into account and harmonized
accordingly. The findings provide empirical evidence for decision-makers and
future policy debate, which is generally missing for this and similar policy
issues in BiH.
A linearized non-isothermal general rate model for studying thermal effects in liquid chromatographic columns
Authors: Kiran Nadia , Perveen Sadia , Bashir Seemab , Qamar Shamsul
Published: December 2020

A linearized non-isothermal general rate model is formulated and analytically solved to quantify the effects of temperature variations in fixed-bed chromatographic columns. The model contains a set of four coupled PDE accounting for energy transfer resistances, inner and outer particle-pore diffusions, and interfacial mass and axial dispersion. The Laplace transform, the eigenvalue-decomposition technique, and a conventional technique for the solutions of ODE are jointly employed for the solution of the model equations. A few numerical test studies are considered to assess the impact of system parameters on the performance of packed-bed adsorption columns. To access the range of applicability and to get the scope of the appropriateness of calculated analytical results, the numerical results are also obtained by applying a high resolution finite volume scheme. The analytical solutions obtained can be used as an invaluable tool for analyzing, optimizing, and upgrading the non-isothermal liquid chromatographic procedures.
Numerical evaluation of thermal stresses generated in laminated composite structure exposed to low temperatures
Authors: Elmiladi Abdulrazag , Petrovic Veljko , Grbovic Aleksandar , Sedmak Aleksandar , Balac Igor
Published: December 2020

This paper presents numerical calculation of thermal stresses generated in a carbon fiber-epoxy laminated composite structure which is operating at low temperatures. The thermal stress evaluation is based on the finite element method. A sample problem involving generated thermal stresses in a real laminated composite structure, exposed to low temperatures (four different temperature levels), is analyzed and discussed. Obtained results suggest that these thermal stresses remarkably decrease the strength of the laminated composite structure.
A Meal Detection Algorithm for the Artificial Pancreas: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Palisaitis Emilie , Fathi Anas El , Oettingen Julia E. von , Haidar Ahmad , Legault Laurent
Published: December 2020

Background: We developed a meal
detection algorithm for the artificial pancreas that detects unannounced meals
and delivers an automatic insulin bolus.

Methods: We conducted a randomized
crossover trial in 11 adolescents aged 12-18 years with HbA1c≥7.5% who missed≥1
bolus in the past six months. We compared (i) CSII, (ii) artificial pancreas
(AP), and (iii) artificial pancreas with a meal detection algorithm (AP+MDA).
Participants underwent three 9-hour interventions involving breakfast with a
bolus and lunch without a bolus.

Results: In AP+MDA, the meal detection time
was 40.0 [40.0–57.5] minutes. Compared to CSII, AP+MDA decreased the 4-hour
post-lunch iAUC from 24.1±9.5 h.mmol/L
to 15.4±8.0 h.mmol/L
(p=0.03). iAUC did not differ between AP+MDA and AP (19.6±10.4 h.mmol/L, p=0.21) nor between AP and CSII (p=0.33). The AP+MDA
reduced time>10mmol/L (58.0±26.6%) compared to CSII (79.6±27.5%, p=0.02) and AP (74.2±20.6%, p=0.047).

Conclusions: The AP+MDA improved glucose control after an unannounced meal.
LUCY PEVENSIE’S CHARACTERIZATIONS IN C.S. LEWIS’ NARNIA: THE LION, THE WITCH, AND THE WARDROBE
Authors: Suwastini Ni Komang Arie , Widasuari Ni Wayan Dinda , Wahyuni Luh Gede Eka , Visestayati Ni Putu Andilia
Published: December 2020

As literature reflects human life, the characterizations of a fictional character in a novel can be analyzed as the reflections of the subconscious of the character in Freud's psychoanalysis. The present study will describe the characterizations of Lucy Pevensie as the main character in C.S. Lewis’ Narnia: The Lion, The Witch, and The Wardrobe and elaborate on how the main character's subconscious as reflected through her characterizations affects the plot development of the novel. Through the application of close reading with the perspective of Freudian psychoanalysis, the present study reveals that Lucy Pevensie's curious, kind,  curious, kind, truthful, caring, loyal, and brave characterizations are as reflections of her id, ego, and superego. They are affected by the behaviors and characters around her and set the plot in motion (starting from disjunction, trajectory, proleptic events, reversal, discovery, and ending). As the end of the plot was resolved with Lucy Pevensie's bravery that leads to the saving of Edmund Pevensie from his demise, Lucy Pevensie's characterizations and their effects on the plot development implies that the combination of instinct, observation of reality and a deep conscience can be beneficial for the greater good of the society.
Analysis of short-circuit failures in synchronous machinery rotor using finite elements
Authors: Arrieta E. , Romero N. , Torregroza M. , Fuly I.
Published: December 2020

In this paper, a mathematical model using finite element software is developed. An electromagnetic analysis is performed to determine the behavior of quantities such as magnetic flux density and output voltage when short-circuit failures occur in the winding of the rotor poles of a synchronous small size machine when it works as a generator. The voltage values obtained from the simulations were compared with data from actual tests performed in the laboratory.
Backpropagation Neural Network for Book Classification Using the Image Cover
Authors:   Department of Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sanata Dharma University, Purwanta I Putu Budhi Darma , Dewi Ni Putu Novita Puspa ,   Department of Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sanata Dharma University, Adi Cyprianus Kuntoro ,   Department of Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sanata Dharma University
Published: December 2020

Artificial Neural Networks are known to provide a good model for classification. The goal of this research is to classify books in Bahasa (Bahasa Indonesia) using its cover. The data is in the form of scanned images, each with the size of 300 cm height, 130 cm width, and 96 dpi image resolution the research conducted features extraction using image processing method, MSER (Maximally Stable Externally Regions) to identify the area of book title, and Tesseract Optical Character Recognition (OCR) to detect the title. Next, features extracted from MSER and OCR are converted into a numerical matrix as the input to the Backpropagation Artificial Neural Network. The accuracy obtained using one hidden layer and 15 neurons is 63.31%. Meanwhile, the evaluation using 2 hidden layers with a combination of 15 and 35 neurons resulted in accuracy of 79.89%. The ability of the model to classify the book was affected by the image quality, variation, and number of training data.
Tourism Site Recommender System Using Item-Based Collaborative Filtering Approach
Authors:   Department of Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sanata Dharma University, Nugroho RA , Polina AM ,   Department of Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sanata Dharma University, Mahendra YD ,   Department of Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sanata Dharma University
Published: December 2020

Many people like traveling. But, often they are difficult to find a tourism site that they like much. Too many information about tourism is the problem. To overcome this problem, we need to filter the information. Recommender System could filter the information. By considering the advantages, the system used item-based collaborative filtering approach to give recommendation. Some tourism site around Yogyakarta province were used in this research. The system is able to give recommendation to users. The accuracy of the rating prediction is 0,6293 and the average time consumption is 1693,33 millisecond.
Eğitim Tarihimizde Bir An: İkinci Meşrutiyet’in İlanı ve Darüşşafaka’nın Yeniden Kuruluşu
Authors: YURTOĞLU Bilal
Published: December 2020

Osmanlı’da on dokuzuncu yüzyılın ikinci yarısından sonra hızlanan modernleşme çabalarının eğitim alanındaki önemli ve tarihsel bir örneği Darüşşafaka okulunun kurulmasıdır. Darüşşafaka, dönemin yüksek bürokratlarınca kurulan Cemiyet-i Tedrisiye-i İslamiye adlı bir toplulukça özel statüde açılmış bir okulken II. Abdülhamid döneminde hamisi olan topluluğun dağıtılmasıyla dönemin eğitim bakanlığına devredilmiştir. II. Meşrutiyet’in ilanıyla birlikte okul mezunları adı geçen topluluğu yeniden canlandırıp okullarını eğitim bakanlığından geri almışlardır. Bu makalede Haziran 1909-Mayıs 1910 tarihleri arasında on iki sayı yayınlanmış Darüşşafaka adlı Osmanlıca derginin özellikle birinci sayısında bizzat topluluk üyelerince anlatılan bu süreç ortaya konulup günümüze gelindiğinde topluluğun hedeflerinin ne kadarının gerçekleştiğini değerlendirilmektedir.
A Solid-State On-Load Tap Changer for the Power Transformers of 10—0.4 kV Distribution Networks
Authors:   Adviser JSC «STC FGC UES», NRU MPEI, Science JSC «ENIN» Named after G.M. Krzhizhanovsky, Panfilov Dmitriy I. , Astashev Mikhail G. ,   NRU «MPEI», Converting Equipment Named after K. A. Krug JSC «ENIN» Named after G.M. Krzhizhanovsky, Gorchakov Aleksandr V. ,   NRU «MPEI»
Published: December 2020

The specific features relating to voltage control of power transformers at distribution network transformer substations are considered. An approach to implementing high-speed on-load voltage control of serially produced 10/0.4 kV power transformers by using a solid-state on-load tap changer (SOLTC) is presented. An example of the SOLTC circuit solution on the basis of thyristor switches is given. On-load voltage control algorithms for power transformers equipped with SOLTC that ensure high reliability and high-speed operation are proposed. The SOLTC performance and the operability of the suggested voltage control algorithms were studied by simulation in the Matlab/Simulink environment and by experiments on the SOLTC physical model. The structure and peculiarities of the used simulation Matlab model are described. The SOLTC physical model design and its parameters are presented. The results obtained from the simulating the SOLTC operation on the Matlab model and from the experiments on the SOLTS physical model jointly with a power transformer under different loads and with using different control algorithms are given. An analysis of the experimental study results has shown the soundness of the adopted technical solutions. It has been demonstrated that the use of an SOLTC ensures high-speed voltage control, high efficiency and reliability of its operation, and arcless switching of the power transformer regulating taps without load voltage and current interruption. By using the SOLTC operation algorithms it is possible to perform individual phase voltage regulation in a three-phase 0.4 kV distribution network. The possibility of integrating SOLTC control and diagnostic facilities into the structure of modern digital substations based on the digital interface according to the IEC 61850 standard is noted.
Modeling of Seismic Motion Time Histories with Time-Variable Predominant Frequencies
Authors:   NRU MPEI, Radin Vladimir P. , Chirkov Viktor P. ,   NRU «MPEI», Poznyak Elena V. ,   NRU «MPEI», Novikova Olga V. ,   NRU «MPEI»
Published: December 2020

Seismic motions occurring at sites with soft soils and located hundreds of kilometers away from the earthquake focus can be long-lasting and show changes in the frequency spectrum. Although these motions are characterized by low values of peak ground accelerations, they can lead to resonance vibration of buildings and structures. An especially dangerous situation occurs when the seismic load frequencies decrease simultaneously with the natural frequencies of the structure that is damaged during the earthquake. For designing buildings and structures, and for carrying out probabilistic assessment of seismic risk taking into account the changes in time of the seismic load spectrum, an ensemble of seismic motion time histories is required. The article presents a method for modeling unsteady random processes with a variable predominant frequency in the Simulink software system environment.
Modeling and Studying the Cooling of Waste Tire Solid Pyrolysis Products
Authors:   NRU MPEI, Popov Stanislav K. , Vaniushkin Vyacheslav D. ,   JSC «Energotsentr», Valineeva Anna A. ,   NRU MPEI
Published: December 2020

Every year, 1.5 billion tires are produced around the world, and each of them eventually falls into the waste stream. The growing volume of waste tires and limited possibilities for their disposal generate the need to develop methods for recycling them. A review of papers addressing the waste tire recycling problem with the use of proposed mechanical and thermochemical processing methods is presented. It is shown that researchers take interest in pyrolysis as a technology for thermochemical conversion of waste tire to produce valuable products: a solid fraction represented by coke residue (carbon black), a liquid hydrocarbon fraction (pyrolysis oil), and non-condensing gaseous fraction (pyrolysis gas). In a number of published papers, focus is placed on improving the consumer properties of each fraction. Conditions under which the coke residue quality can be improved to the level of activated carbon are, and methods for implementing this are developed. The cooling of solid pyrolysis products can be a limiting factor for the pyrolysis plant operation. Unloading of the coke residue at increased temperatures with outdoor cooling can lead to its burning out. To develop an efficient coke residue cooling heat exchanger, it is necessary to know the physical properties of this substance. A method for determining the thermal conductivity of fine coke residue based on the use of physical and mathematical modeling of the cooling process has been developed and implemented. Experiments on studying the coke residue bed cooling process in air in the temperature range from 500 °C to the ambient temperature were carried out. The time dependences of temperature at several points of the bed layer are obtained. A measuring chamber mathematical model reproducing the experimental conditions is developed. By studying the model, it is possible to determine the coke residue thermal conductivity, which approximates the calculated cooling process temperature curves to those obtained in the experiment with satisfactory accuracy. Based on the analysis of experimental data, two temperature ranges are identified, and a linear dependence of the bed thermal conductivity on the temperature is found in each of them. The coefficients of these functions are determined by minimizing the response function using the Box--Wilson method. The obtained results are used for the development of industrial thermal power engineering facilities.
On Refining the Criterion for a Single Avalanche-tо-Streamer Transition in Air in Strong Uniform Electric Fields
Authors:   NRU MPEI, Beloglovsky Andrey A.
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results from mathematical modeling of avalanche-to-streamer transitions in an air discharge gap. The electric field is uniform with the strength E0=50--70 kV/cm, and the atmospheric conditions are standard. The consideration is limited to single avalanche-to-streamer (SATS) transitions. The moment of time corresponding to the plasma streamer channel incipience is taken as the transition moment. As a result of the SATS transition, a two-headed streamer is generated. First, its negative anode-directed head is formed from the avalanche. After that, its positive cathode-directed head emerges from the avalanche track. Behind it, the field strength decreases to a critical value at which effective impact ionization is impossible. The streamer plasma channel occurs earlier, in the negative head incipience process. When it appears, effective ionization still continues between the avalanche and its track. The critical number of electrons in the avalanche, which is determined by the time the channel appears, depends weakly on the E0 value if the avalanche-streamer transition occurs far from the electrodes. In this case, it is about 30 million. If the transition occurs near the electrodes, this number lies in the range from 40 to 50 million particles.
Development of a Stand for Demonstration of Human Injury by Touch and Step Voltages Near a 10 kV Overhead Line
Authors:   NRU MPEI, Borisov Ruslan K. , Zhulikov Sergey  S. ,   NRU «MPEI», Khrenov Sergey I. ,   NRU «MPEI», Turchaninova Yuliya S. ,   NRU «MPEI», Koshelev Mikhail A. ,   NRU «MPEI», Belousov Sergey V. ,   NRU «MPEI», Makukha Igor S. ,   PJSC «Rosseti Moscow region» (PJSC «MOESK»), Trofimov Oleg Yu. ,   PJSC «Rosseti Moscow region» (PJSC «MOESK»), Ilyina Elena V. ,   PJSC «Rosseti Moscow region» (PJSC «MOESK»)
Published: December 2020

An objective to develop a labor protection engineering stand was set forth as part of the research and development work "Carrying out theoretical and experimental investigations and development of stands for demonstrating the danger of electric shock at a training ground" for visually demonstrating the danger of injuring a person by touch and step voltages in 3…35 kV medium voltage electric networks. The technical solutions for practically implementing the stand were adopted based on an analysis of regulatory documents, conditions under which dangerous touch and step voltages occur, the most typical human injury cases, and calculation results. Specialists of the National Research University Moscow Power Engineering Institute Department of High Voltage Engineering and Electrophysics, working jointly with specialists of PJSC Rosseti Moscow Region have developed, manufactured, tested, and put into operation a stand for demonstrating human injury by the touch and step voltages when a 10 kV wire falls on the ground, on a car, and when a fault of a live wire on the overhead line support occurs. With the stand having been put in use at the PJSC Rosseti Moscow Region Training Center Ground, this will allow the staff to form a clear understanding of the electric shock danger, to focus on the effects caused by voltage and current, and thereby significantly reduce electrical injuries.
The Phenomenology of Electric Discharges Generated between a Negatively Charged Water Aerosol Cloud and Earth
Authors:   NRU MPEI, Lysov Nikolay Yu. , Orlov Aleksandr V. ,   NRU «MPEI», Temnikov Aleksandr G. ,   NRU «MPEI», Chernensky Leonid L. ,   NRU «MPEI»
Published: December 2020

Studies of electrical discharges generated in the electric field of charged aerosol clouds make it possible to obtain better understanding of how lightning occurs in thunderclouds. For this purpose, an experimental setup was developed, which allows charged aerosol clouds of negative polarity to be produced. A charged aerosol cloud creates electric field strength sufficient to generate electrical discharges between this cloud and the earth. The experimental setup for obtaining an artificially produced charged aerosol cloud is briefly described. The experimental setup is equipped with a set of measuring instruments for recording the electrical and optical signals of discharges and for photographing the discharges themselves. A database has been accumulated in the course of experiments, which includes the waveforms of discharge current pulses recorded using digital oscilloscopes, the waveforms of signals from optical sensors recording the development of discharges in space and time, and the snapshots of discharges. By using the accumulated information it is possible to classify discharges that occur between artificially produced charged aerosol clouds of negative polarity and the earth by type and parameters. An analysis of the experimental data has shown that both upward and downward discharges can occur between a charged aerosol cloud and the earth, which is typical for natural lightning phenomena. The snapshots of the most characteristic types of electric discharges observed in experiments and simple models explaining the development of these discharges are studied.
Evaluating the Possibility to Implement Autonomous Power Supply from a Hydrogenerator as Applied to Dispatching Systems for Housing and Utility Services
Authors:   NRU MPEI, Design Engineer of LLC «AQUA+LLC», Ilyin Georgiy G.
Published: December 2020

Currently, we are witnessing active development of urban building construction, which dictates new requirements for the infrastructure of water supply and sanitation. These requirements are aimed at improving the reliability and compliance with stringent environmental standards. Dispatch supervision and control of water supply networks are among the key tasks that have to be solved under such conditions. The problem of implementing such systems lies in difficulty of setting up power supply to the equipment used in these systems. The power supply of such systems is as a rule provided by using storage batteries, which entails the need for periodic maintenance of these systems and thereby increases the cost of their operation. The problem can be solved by using an autonomous source of electricity. The energy of the water flow in the pipeline is proposed to be used as such source. The possibility of setting up an autonomous dispatch control system for housing and utility services based on a hydrogenerator is estimated. The study is carried out by analyzing the hydraulic parameters of a bypass pipeline installed on a large-diameter pipeline. To determine the flow velocity and pressure in the bypass pipeline, the fluid flow is modeled in it. The modeling results and their subsequent analysis made it possible to calculate the range of power produced by the hydrogenerator and estimate the possibility of setting up an autonomous dispatch control system.
Reducing the High-Frequency Noise Power in the Automatic Control System Signal by Using Comb Filters
Authors:   NRU MPEI, Babochkin Mikhail A. , Kolosov Oleg S. ,   NRU «MPEI», Kuznetsova Anna  A. ,   NRU «MPEI»
Published: December 2020

The article addresses the matter of reducing the power of high-frequency noise in the control signal produced by industrial automatic systems through the use of algorithms implementing the properties of comb filters in microprocessor controllers. The specific features relating to the frequency responses of open- and closed-loop automatic control systems of industrial facilities are analyzed - both taken alone and in combination with the characteristics of comb filters. The frequency properties of three filter groups that are conventionally used in continuous automatic control systems are compared with three groups of comb filters that implement similar functions. As applied to control tasks, such filters include real differentiating sections or first-order high-pass filters, first-order lag sections or low-pass filters, and proportional sections. The ratios between the parameters of continuous filters and comb filters at which their frequency properties coincide in the operating frequency band are determined. These ratios known, it becomes possible to synthesize the controllers of systems using the existing techniques. It is shown that the amplitude-frequency responses of comb filters have dips in the high-frequency band, due to which the high frequency noise power is finally decreased by up to 30%. The advantage of comb filters in control systems lies in simplicity of implementing them in digital form in a microprocessor controller. The application of comb filters in automatic control systems makes it possible to cut undesirable harmonic noise of large amplitude in the control signal.