bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Participação das Trabalhadoras Rurais Brasileiras na REAF-MERCOSUL - a visão dos movimentos de mulheres
Authors: Castro Aline Contti , Silva Lana Rodrigues
Published: March 2022

O objetivo geral desse artigo é analisar a participação de organizações sociais brasileiras na produção das diretrizes de gênero da Reunião Especializada sobre Agricultura Familiar (REAF) do Mercosul. Mais especificamente, os objetivos são: analisar as interações entre o governo brasileiro e as organizações sociais, assim como as demandas apresentadas pelos Movimentos de Mulheres; examinar os resultados dessas práticas sociais de resistência e de participação; e investigar as debilidades do processo participativo - sob a ótica das mulheres rurais. A metodologia é qualitativa, fundamentada em análise documental, observação e entrevistas semiestruturadas. A análise de conteúdo das entrevistas foi realizada por meio do software livre IRaMuTeQ. Os resultados mais destacados, na visão das trabalhadoras rurais, estão vinculados ao aprendizado, ao diálogo, ao fortalecimento da qualidade da sua presença nos espaços políticos e à maior visibilidade e articulação nacional e internacional dos Movimentos de Mulheres. Elas conseguiram colocar suas demandas de autonomia econômica e política, superando dificuldades anteriores e contribuindo ativamente com a construção de políticas públicas democráticas. As debilidades principais referem-se à frágil institucionalidade dessas iniciativas e à dependência da vontade política dos governos da vez.
Terapia de vacío endoluminal (Endo-Vac) en el manejo de la fístula de anastomosis esofagogástrica
Authors: Ramirez Barranco Rosangela , Cañadas Garrido Raúl Antonio , Cáceres Escobar Daniela
Published: March 2022

La terapia de vacío endoluminal (Endo-Vac) es una alternativa promisoria en el manejo endoscópico de las fístulas o perforaciones gastrointestinales, que no responden a procedimientos endoscópicos cuando se utilizan técnicas como clips, stents o incluso refractarias a procedimientos quirúrgicos. En este reporte de caso describimos el cierre endoscópico exitoso de una fístula anastomótica esofagogástrica, utilizando la terapia Endo-Vac, conectada a un sistema de vacío mediante una sonda en la cavidad, que no presentó cierre inicial a manejo con clips, dada la friabilidad y el edema del tejido perilesional. Se concluye que esta es una alternativa exitosa en el cierre de estas complicaciones, que en ocasiones son de difícil resolución.
Perforación intestinal y úlcera perianal por infección parasitaria
Authors: Rodríguez González Hardenson , Wilches Luna Alejandra , Valenzuela Peralta Vanessa , Vivas Troches Rosalba , Losada Gómez Claudia Liliana
Published: March 2022

Balantidium coli es el protozoario más grande y el único parásito ciliado que infecta a los seres humanos. Es el causante de la balantidiasis, enfermedad adquirida por los humanos por transmisión fecal-oral desde su hospedero habitual: el cerdo. Reportamos el caso de una escolar inmunocompetente, que presentó peritonitis por perforación intestinal, con ulceración perianal secundaria a poliparasitismo por Balantidium coli, Enterobius vermicularis y Trichuris trichiura. Esta es una complicación poco frecuente, potencialmente prevenible y con tasas de mortalidad extremadamente altas. La paciente requirió 8 intervenciones quirúrgicas.
Reporte de un caso inusual de presentación sincrónica de vólvulo cecal y de sigmoide
Authors: Niño Torres Laura , Guzmán Ávila Andrés Orlando , Buitrago Viviana , Londoño Ruíz Germán Darío
Published: March 2022

En el espectro de los pacientes con obstrucción intestinal, el vólvulo es una de las etiologías menos frecuentes, siendo esta del 5 % al 15 %. La presentación sincrónica de dos segmentos colónicos volvulados en el mismo paciente se considera una entidad rara, con pocos casos reportados en la literatura. El presente caso de vólvulo sincrónico del ciego y del sigmoide documenta uno de ellos, en un paciente que se llevó a colectomía subtotal con ileostomía. Aunque el diagnóstico preoperatorio de esta entidad es poco frecuente, se debe tener en cuenta a la hora de encontrarse estos hallazgos intraquirúrgicos para el manejo tanto intraoperatorio,con resección y anastomosis o resección y estoma, como posoperatorios, lo que tiene un impacto importante en la mortalidad, si se manejan los pacientes con cubrimiento antibiótico de amplio espectro, dada la translocación bacteriana y septicemias con los que cursan estos pacientes.
Discovery of PARP1-PROTAC as novel strategy against PARP inhibitor resistance via promoting ferroptosis in mutant-p53 triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Wu Lixian , Li Ge , Lin Shanshan , Yu Zelei , Wu Xinhua , Liu Jingwen , Tu Guihui , Liu Quanyu , Tang Yuanling , Jiang Qingna , Xu Jianhua , Huang Qingling
Published: March 2022

Background and Purpose: The acquired resistance to PARP inhibitors
(PARPi) caused by point mutations in PARP1 protein is hard to overcome
through current strategies. In order to explore modalities to conquer
resistance and identify patients who are most likely to benefit from
PARP1-targeted therapy, we developed a proteolysis-targeted-chimaera
(PROTAC) to degrade mutant PARP1 in p53-mutant TNBC. Experimental
Approach: Based on analysis of the resistant mutations, we attempted to
use PROTAC strategy to increase the sensitivity of cells expressing
PARPi-resistant proteins that identified from patients. The
antineoplastic activity of our synthetic degrader was evaluated in
multiple human cell lines, as well as the xenograft model with p53
mutation. The proteomics subsequently was used to reveal the potential
mechanism of the degrader. Ferroptosis, as main mechanism, was assayed
via detecting SLC7A11 signaling, glutathione and lipid peroxidation.
Besides, according to genetic alteration analysis from patients, three
common p53 mutations were selected to assess PARP1-related cell death.
Key Results: We developed a PROTAC termed “NN3”, and this compound
could trigger ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated PARP1 degradation.
Interestingly, compared with other reported PARP1 degraders, NN3 has a
unique antitumor mechanism and it promote ferroptosis effectively via
decreasing the SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway in HR-proficient TNBC cells, whether
or not these cells express drug resistance-related PARP1 mutations. More
importantly, NN3 showed potent activity and low toxicity in vivo studies
on mutant-p53 TNBC. Conclusion and Implications: We identify
PROTAC-mediated degradation of PARP1 as a novel strategy against PARPi
resistance and a paradigm for targeting mutant-p53 cancers by inducing
ferroptosis.
Study on influence of expansive soil slope on bridge foundation under excavation and rainfall conditions
Authors: Ji Wendong , Yang Ligong , Zhang Yuting
Published: March 2022

Expansive soil is a kind of special soil with soil particles mainly
composed of hydrophilic minerals, and has significant deformation
characteristics of water absorption expansion and water loss shrinkage.
This characteristic often brings great harm to engineering construction.
Relying on the foundation engineering of the bridge on the expansive
soil slope of the Jiangxi-Huaihe River, this paper studies the effects
of slope excavation and rainfall on the horizontal deformation of the
bridge foundation by using temperature simulation and humidity fields
and numerical simulation methods. The research results show that during
the excavation process, the bridge foundation will produce a horizontal
displacement pointing to the top of the slope, and the rainfall after
excavation will cause the horizontal displacement of the bridge
foundation to decrease and gradually develop in the opposite direction.
During the excavation process, the rebound of slope excavation is the
main factor affecting the horizontal displacement of the bridge
foundation. Under short-term rainfall conditions, the hygroscopic
expansion of the slope soil becomes the main influencing factor. Under
extreme rainfall conditions, the main cause of the horizontal
deformation of the bridge foundation is The influencing factors are
transformed into the reduction of the soil weight of the slope and the
strength of the soil material.
A comparative study of the fecal microbiota of grey seal pups and yearlings - a marine mammal sentinel species
Authors: Watkins Craig , Gaines Taylor , Strathdee Fiona , Bailey Johanna , Watson Eleanor , Hall Ailsa , Free Andrew , Dagleish Mark
Published: March 2022

Grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) can act as sentinel species reflecting
the condition of the environment they inhabit. Our previous research
identified strains of pathogenic Campylobacter and Salmonella,
originating from both human and agricultural animal hosts, on rectal
swabs from live grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) pups and yearlings on the
Isle of May, Scotland, UK. We examined rectal swabs from the same pup
(n=90) and yearling (n=19) grey seals to gain further understanding into
the effects of age-related changes (pup versus yearling) and three
different natal terrestrial habitats on seal pup fecal microbiota. DNA
was extracted from a subset of rectal swabs (pups n=23, yearlings n=9)
using an optimized procedure, and the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was
sequenced to identify each individual’s microbiota. Diversity in pup
samples was lower (3.92 ± 0.19) than yearlings (4.66 ± 0.39) although
not significant at the p=0.05 level (p = 0.062) but differences in the
composition of the microbiota were (p < 0.001). Similarly,
differences between the composition of the microbiota from pups from
three different terrestrial habitats (PH, RR, and TS) were highly
significant (p < 0.001). Pairwise tests showed significant
differences between all three habitats: PH vs TS (p = 0.019), PH vs RR
(p = 0.042) and TS vs RR (p = 0.020). This preliminary study suggests a
general trend, that seal microbiomes are modified by both age and, in
pups, different terrestrial habitats. Furthermore, knowledge of the
microbiota species present has the potential to be used in determining
the environmental quality index.
Associations Between Dietary Patterns and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: Prospective Cohort Study of 120,343 UK Biobank Participants
Authors: Gao Min , Jebb Susan A. , Aveyard Paul , Ambrosini Gina L. , Perez-Cornago Aurora , Papier Keren , Carter Jennifer , Piernas Carmen
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE

To identify dietary patterns (DPs) characterized by a set of nutrients of concern and their association with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

A total of 120,343 participants from the U.K. Biobank study with at least two 24 h dietary assessments were studied. Reduced rank regression was used to derive DPs explaining variability in energy density, free sugars, saturated fat, and fiber intakes. We investigated prospective associations with T2D using Cox proportional hazard models.

RESULTS

Over 8.4 years of follow-up from the latest dietary assessment, 2,878 participants developed T2D. Two DPs were identified that jointly explained a total of 63% variation in four nutrients. DP1 was characterized by high intakes of chocolate and confectionery, butter, low-fiber bread, and sugars and preserves, and low intakes of fruits and vegetables. DP1 was linearly associated with T2D in multivariable models without BMI adjustment (per z score, hazard ratio [HR] 1.11 [95% CI 1.08–1.14]) and after BMI adjustment (HR 1.09 [95% CI 1.06–1.12]). DP2 was characterized by high intakes of sugar-sweetened beverages, fruit juice, table sugars and preserves, and low intakes of high-fat cheese and butter, but showed no clear association with T2D. There were significant interactions between both DPs and age, with increased risks among younger people in DP1 (HR 1.13 [95% CI 1.09–1.18]) and DP2 (HR 1.10 [95% CI 1.05–1.15]), as well as with DP1 and BMI, with increased risks among people with obesity (HR 1.11 [95% CI 1.07–1.16]).

CONCLUSIONS

A DP characterized by high intakes of chocolate and confectionery, butter, low-fiber bread, and added sugars, and low in fresh fruits and vegetables intake is associated with a higher incidence of T2D, particularly among younger people and those with obesity.
Hibrit Yenilenebilir Enerji Sistemleri ile Sera Sulama Sistemi Tasarımı: İzmir Örneği
Authors: KILINÇ Cuma
Published: March 2022

Yenilenebilir enerji sistemleri sürekli kendisine uygulama alanları bulan sistemler olup özellikle hibrit tasarımlarla enerji arzında sürekliliği sağlayan tarımsal uygulamalar hızla gelişmektedir. Bu çalışmada İzmir bölgesi için hem güneş hem de rüzgar enerjisi hibrit sistemi ile biber üreten bir seranın sulama sistemi tasarlanmıştır. Bu tür uygulamaların enerji fiyatlarındaki artış dikkate alındığında ekonomik yönden uygulanabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Rüzgar ve güneş enerji potansiyeli bulunan İzmir için bir çok sera uygulamalarının bulunması sistemin sadece biber için değil diğer ürünler içinde uygulanabilir olduğu ve bu tür sistemlerin ürün maliyetine de etkisinin olduğu düşünülerek yaygınlaşabilmesi için örnek bir çalışma olmuştur. Çalışmada Güneş enerjili sulama sisteminin sulama için harcadığı enerjinin dışında geri ödeme süresinin 14 yıl olduğu hesaplanmıştır.
Hvordan skriver barnetrinnselever om og fra hjemmeskolen sin?
Authors: Bjørkvold Tuva , Øgreid Anne Kristine , Krogstad Svanes Ingvill
Published: March 2022

Våren 2020 hadde norske elever hjemmeskole som et resultat av covid-19-pandemien. Denne artikkelen bygger på 203 tekster om hjemmeskolen skrevet av elever på barnetrinnet i denne perioden. I artikkelen undersøker vi hva og hvordan elevene skriver om hjemmeskolen, kategorisert med utgangspunkt i Normprosjektets skrivehandlingskategorier. Resultatene viser for det første at de fleste elevene velger reflekterende eller beskrivende skrivehandlinger. Refleksjonene hos de yngre elevene går ofte over i egenvurdering. For det andre ser vi hos de eldre elevene flere skrivehandlinger benyttet, som overbevisende og forestillende skrivehandlinger. Disse elevene bruker videre flere ulike ressurser som modaliteter, tekststruktur og skriveredskaper enn de yngste elevene i studien. I drøftingen av resultatene knytter vi det første til en skolsk tekstkultur som innebærer refleksjon over og vurdering av egen innsats og faglige utvikling, i motsetning til en narrativ struktur som ellers ofte brukes av yngre elever. Det andre kopler vi til at økt literacy hos eldre elever gir flere innganger til å formidle sin hjemmeskoleopplevelse, der overbevisende skrivehandliger kan gi et sterkere følelsesuttrykk og forestillende skrivehandlinger kan forstørre forskjellene elevene opplever mellom fysisk og digital hjemmeskole.
English abstract
English title: How do primary school students write about and from their home school?
In the spring of 2020, Norwegian students had homeschooling as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. This article is based on 203 texts about homeschooling written by primary school students during this period. In the article, we examine what and how students write about their home school, categorized on the basis of the writing action categories as formulated by Normprosjektet. The results show, firstly, that most students choose reflective or descriptive writing actions. The reflections of the younger students often turn into self-assessment. Secondly, we see in the older students several writing acts used, as convincing and imaginative writing acts. These students use different semiotic resources such as modalities, text structure and writing tools, to a larger degree than the youngest students in the study do. In the discussion, we link the first findings to reflection and assessment of one’s own efforts and professional development within school text culture, in contrast to a narrative structure that is often used by younger students. The second results we connect to increased literacy in older students which provide more approaches to convey their home school experience, where convincing writing skills can give a stronger emotional expression and imaginative writing actions can enlarge different students experience between physical and digital home school.
МОДЕЛЬ ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНОГО АНАЛІЗУ ДАНИХ В IIOT
Authors:   Національний університет ", Климаш M. ,   Львівська політехніка", Гордійчук-Бублівська О. , Коваль Б.
Published: March 2022

В роботі подано огляд методів інтелектуальної обробки даних у системах промислового Інтернету речей. Наведено порівняння методів аналізу великих даних у промислових системах зі значним навантаженням. Запропоновано використовувати для опрацювання даних методи розподіленого машинного навчання. Розроблено програмну модель для аналізу даних різних обсягів. Проаналізовано основні підходи до організації машинного навчання: федеративне і нерозподілене навчання. Експериментально доведено ефективність вико- ристання федеративного машинного навчання, оскільки воно забезпечує вищу точність об- роблення даних, навіть у разі збільшення їх обсягів. Визначено, що нерозподілене машинне навчання працює швидше, отже, може використовуватися в системах, пріоритетом для яких є менший час обробки даних. Такий підхід відкриває можливості створення адаптивної моделі системи промислового Інтернету речей, що здатна самонавчатися та коригувати власну інфраструктуру залежно від зміни параметрів.
Evaluation of Biochemical Test Results in Patients with COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Stamouli Marilena , Kougioumtzidou Sofia , Mourtzikou Antonia , Korre Antonia , Kalliora Georgia , Koumpouros Panagiotis , Tsesmeli Maria , Mpourtsala Vasiliki , Skliris Anastasios , Stergiou Christos
Published: March 2022

Background: The current pandemic outbreak of COVID-19 due to SARS-CoV-2 virus, affected the health care systems, health services and economy globally. Moreover, it significantly affected the health of the population worldwide. Mortality and morbidity rates are still increasing. According to WHO, as of September 2021 there have been 224180869 confirmed cases of COVID-19, including 4621173 deaths. USA, India, and Brazil are the three world's worst-hit countries. In Greece the mortality rate is at 3%.
Methods: Study population included 565 patients, who were admitted at the Emergency Department and the Pathology Department of Naval and Veterans Hospital, Athens, Greece, during a period of 3,5 months. Patients’ demographic characteristics, underlying diseases, travel history, symptoms, aetiology of admission and history of contact with confirmed cases were recorded. All patients included to the study were positive for SARS-CoV-2 and characterized as COVID-19 patients. All statistical analyses were conducted using MINITAB 17.
Results: Statistically significant differences in the results of albumin (marginal p-value), urea, creatinine, AST, ALT, and LDH between hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients were detected. Also, we observed statistically significant differences in the results of albumin, urea, creatinine, and ALT, between male and female patients. Moreover, patient age was statistically significant between male and female patients. The Logistic regression model of hospitalization show that statistically significant variables are ALT, LDH, age and gender.
Conclusions: The rapid spreading of the new COVID-19 pandemic due to SARS-CoV-2 increased the need for the measurement of biochemical tests and the evaluation of their correlation with patient hospitalization. Biochemical monitoring of COVID-19 patients is critical for assessing disease severity and progression as well as monitoring therapeutic intervention. Several common biochemical tests have been implicated in COVID-19 infection progression, providing important prognostic information. In the present study we evaluated the test results of albumin, urea, creatinine, AST, ALT, LDH and total bilirubin in patients with COVID-19 infection..
The Impact of Force Paradigm Shift in Teaching and Learning Higher Education in Nepal: A Study on Behavior Perspective
Authors: Kunwar Rajendra , Shrestha Amrit K. , Phuyal Shyam P.
Published: March 2022

The spread of the Corona virus compelled each education institution to shift from face-to-face mode to online mode at a faster rate. This forceful paradigm shift to the online mode of instruction was felt as a sudden change mostly for the developing country like Nepal where the online mode of teaching and learning was novel practice for the people. This study mainly focuses on the impact of the paradigm shift to the online mode of teaching and learning in higher education institutions (HEIs) and explores the existing situation of implementing online education. It was based on descriptive analysis technique with the systematic review of the related literature, observations of the online activities on the related field and discussions to the different stakeholders of the HEIs about the implementation of online mode of teaching and learning and, the self-experience of online mode. In this study, the major impacts due to force paradigm shift to online mode are concluded as access to quality education, social inequalities, technology adaption, and emotional wellbeing; accelerate change, high dropout, and laboratory work and assessment. These all impacts are considered as the consequences of the inadequacy and inaccessibility of the physical and human resources, geo-sociological condition of the learner,  low proficiency of technical knowledge, low motivation and technical difficulties regarding curriculum, etc. The response towards the implementation of online education was found mixed. The study recommends supporting the teachers and students for the effective implementation of online teaching and learning. Similarly, it recommends providing the best alternatives to access education for remote and disadvantaged learner and the curriculum should be reintroduced so as to feet for online learning pedagogy.
Pros and Cons of Selective Renewable Energy Technologies for Generating Electricity in the Perspective of Bangladesh: A Survey-Based Profiling of Issues
Authors: Paul Parag Kumar , Swadhin Husain Rakib , Tushi Tanjum , Das Bristy , Bairagi Mithun , Habiba Mst. Umme
Published: March 2022

Energy consumption is the indicator of the development of a country. An adequate power supply is a prerequisite of sustainable development, where Bangladesh has been struggling. This study focuses on the technological barriers of renewable energy implementation in Bangladesh, which has salient renewable energy sources: biomass, solar power, solar photovoltaic (PV) cells, wind energy, and hydroelectricity. Despite having rich renewable energy resources, the country still depends on its gas and oil reserve for power generation. The geographic significance of installing new sustainable technologies like wind power and biomass power plants has been studied in this research. Besides, to profile the socio-economic barriers provoking behind the insurance of renewable energy sources for the mass population, a comprehensive survey was conducted with 200 individuals, including 50 experts on renewable energy research. Quantitative analysis of issues like the monthly electricity bill, types of power sources used up, public satisfaction, and consciousness, along with their concepts regarding sustainable technology fabrication to synthesize renewable energy, were conducted. Finally, all qualitative and quantitative outputs were statistically analyzed to figure out the actual status of renewable energy usage in Bangladesh's perspective simultaneously, which is vital for us to ensure new renewable energy sources to achieve environmental sustainability for the future.
Productivity Analysis of Mango Based Agroforestry Systems in the Madhupur Sal Forest of Bangladesh
Authors: Rana Md. Tanbheer
Published: March 2022

The study was carried out in the Madhupur Sal forest of Bangladesh to perform the productivity analysis of mango-based agroforestry systems. In order to achieve the objective, three different mango-based agroforestry systems along with three control plots having three replications were randomly selected in three sites of the study area. The size of individual study plot was 33 decimals. The selected three mango-based agroforestry systems were viz. i) mango + pineapple+ ginger + papaya + banana + turmeric, ii) mango + pineapple + ginger + papaya + banana, and iii) mango + turmeric+ papaya + aroid based agroforestry systems. In order to calculate the productivity of respective mango-based agroforestry systems as well as sole cropping performance, data related to incurred cost, total yield and income from tree and crop components, soil samples for soil chemical properties changes were collected from each plot that produced BCR and LER. The results revealed that the total calculated cost of production (tk/ha) and total yield (tk/ha) from selected mango-based agroforestry systems were Tk. 202421, 186373 and 163631 along with Tk. 1076344, 956095 and 816520 respectively. The BCR and LER of the selected above mango-based agroforestry systems were 5.32, 5.13, 4.99 and 3.27, 2.76, 2.32 respectively. Therefore, mango-based agroforestry systems are more profitable than sole cropping system.
A Contrastive Analysis: What is the Conventional Implicature? Is the “Bad” Content of a Slur Conveyed as a Conventional Implicature?
Authors: Samitharathana Thero Rev Wadigala
Published: March 2022

The conventional implicature, arguably, refers to plenty of linguistic aspects with respect to episteme, metaphysics, as well as semantic criticism of language. Accordingly, the conventional implication consists of a sort of specific literal meanings, which slightly differ from the conversational implication. In addition to that, the particular taxonomy of slur words intends to utter a variety of dyslogistic, disparaging expressions in terms of bad or awful contents along with immoral conducts of a word. Hence, it is, apparently, debatable and doubtful that to what extent slur words can convey unethical substance in a way of the conventional implicature? This contrastive article, therefore, attempts to examine credible reasons for clarifying the thesis: the awful essence of pejorative words comes with a conventional implicature. Correspondingly, I have emphasised a few substantial findings such as combinatorial externalism, prohibitionism alongside expressivism. However, notwithstanding this semantic analysis, it is restricted to investigate epistemic and metaphysical affiliations in this regard.
An Analysis of Figurative Language in Richard Carpenter’s Song Lyrics Entitled “Something in Your Eyes”
Authors: Adhi Sukmono Bayu
Published: March 2022

This study aims to analyze the figurative language and its meaning used in the lyrics of the song “Something in Your Eyes”. It is a descriptive qualitative research where the data is taken from a song lyrics website. The data used in this study are the lyrics of a song released in 1987 which was written by Richard Carpenter on the album Time. The result of this study indicates the data of the song lyrics contain totally 17 figurative languages. They consist of five personifications, three hyperboles, two alliterations, two allegories, two metaphors, one idiom, one oxymoron, and one anaphora. Based on the result, this study shows that there are 8 types of figurative languages which consist of 29.5 percent are personification, 17.7 percent are hyperboles, 11.7 percent are alliterations, 11.7 percents allegories, 11.7 percent are metaphors, 5.9 percent is idiom, 5.9 percent is oxymoron, and 5.9 percent is anaphora. Based on this, it can be concluded that the personification types are the most dominant. Meanwhile, hyperboles are the second most frequently found.
Human Consciousness versus Cosmological Reality
Authors: Foutakis Patrice
Published: March 2022

Human consciousness is a theoretical expanding universe within one which is likewise expanding from an astronomical point of view. Uncertainty about the line separating the cosmological and the human universes, makes the latter richer as it learns more about the former. By means of three topics – the difficult path towards scientific truth, the sense of time and the identification of life – I will propose an ultra-deterministic time dimension, and a way for understanding life, which are two assertions that introduce a paradigm in cosmology. Perceiving, conceiving and acting are neither prior nor posterior to time, they are inherent to time. Moreover, life at cosmological scale is presumably not the same as that imagined by Homo sapiens. It is to obtain access to reality that science, be it sometimes trapped by preconceptions, tries to discover more and to improve knowledge by erasing prejudices and errors.
SARS-Cov-2 Outbreaks in Sport and Exercise Settings: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Hernández-Aceituno Ana , García Hernández Laura , Rivas Wagner Eva , Alvarez Leon Eva Elisa , Larumbe Zabala Eneko
Published: March 2022

Objective: This study aimed to retrospectively explore the differences between COVID-19 outbreaks, based on their association with sport/exercise practice and whether expansion among confirmed cases was observed in these settings.
Method: Data from 5,327 COVID-19 outbreaks from the Epidemiological Surveillance Network of the Canary Islands were extracted between 31 January 2020 and 15 May 2021. We compared outbreaks in confirmed cases, close contacts, hospitalisations, admissions to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and deaths.
Results: The median number of cases per outbreak in sport/exercise settings with transmission was significantly larger (9 [5–16]) compared with outbreaks in other settings (4 [3–7]). Similarly, age of first case (35 [25–44] vs. 42 [30–55] years) and number of close contacts (30 [10–62] vs. 10 [5–21]) presented significant differences. However, no differences were found in number of hospitalisations, admissions to ICU and deaths per outbreak.
Conclusions: Sport and exercise settings may pose a significant burden for contact tracing investigators since they tend to produce larger outbreaks. Regulations did not seem to completely control transmission. To enhance cooperation, specific recommendations and tailored advice are required according to the particular sport or exercise, the environment where it is practised and the available means of the facilities. Policies should encourage alternatives for safer sport/exercise practices.
La défense populaire dans la lutte contre Boko Haram à l’Extrême-Nord-Cameroun : la démobilisation et la réinsertion une perspective du développement
Authors: OUMAROU Salahaddine
Published: March 2022

English : Since the outbreak of the war against Boko Haram, war strategies have continued to be invented by these local actors in the affected areas. These state subsidiaries who play the role of barrage and scout face several challenges including: the lack of professionalism, adequate resources and the absence of legal texts. Familiarize yourself with the world of insecurities, anticipate their demobilization and reintegration into their respective communities is the question on which we will base our analysis because in the long run they risk turning into a rebellion group. This article aims to study the role of popular defense in the fight against Boko Haram and to show that demobilization and reintegration is a system that can lead to local development. What is relevance of popular defense and in what way can demobilization and reintegration be a factor of development after the Bokoharamist crisis? For this, we used written sources, oral sources and participary observation. The treatment of all these sources made it possible to develop a plan which focuses on three axes. First, on the context of birth and the typology, then the strategies of struggle put in place and finally, the process of demobilization and reintegration as a factor of development.

French : Depuis l’éclatement de la guerre contre Boko Haram, les stratégies guerrières ne cessent d’être inventées par ces acteurs locaux dans les zones touchées. Ces subsidiaires de l’État qui jouent le role de barragiste et d’éclaireur font face à plusieurs défis notamment : le manque de professionnalisme, des moyens adéquats et l’absence des textes juridiques. Familiariser avec le monde des insécurités, anticiper sur leur démobilisation et leur réinsertion dans leur communauté respective est la question sur laquelle nous fonderons notre analyse, car ils risquent à la longue de se transformer en groupes de rébellion. Cet article vise à étudier le role de la défense populaire dans la lutte contre Boko Haram et de montrer que la démobilisation et la réinsertionde ces acteurs supplétifs de l’État est un système qui peut aboutir au développement local.Quelle est la pertinence de la défense populaire et en quoi la démobilisation et la réintégration pourront-elles être un facteur du développement après la crise Bokoharamiste ? Pour cela, nous avons utilisé les sources écrites, les sources orales et l’observation participative. Le traitement de toutes ces sources a permis d’élaborer un plan qui se focalise sur trois axes d’abord, sur les contextes de naissance et la typologie, ensuite, les stratégies de lutte mises en place et enfin, le processus de démobilisation et de la réintégration comme facteur du développement.
Aynalıkavak Kasrı Duvar Yazılarına Yansıyan Osmanlı - İran Rekabeti
Authors: KAHRAMAN Kemal
Published: March 2022

Aynalıkavak Kasrı, İstanbul’da, Batılıların Altın Boynuz dediği Haliç’te bir zamanlar Tersane Sarayı adı verilen yapı topluluğundan günümüze kalan küçük fakat özgün bir binadır. Geniş bahçesiyle birlikte halen Milli Saraylar uhdesinde bulunmaktadır. Kasrın Okmeydanı tarafına açılan bahçe kapısındaki kitabe ve kasrın içinde duvarları süsleyen yazılar, mimari özellikleriyle birlikte büyük önem taşımaktadır. Son demlerini yaşayan klasik Osmanlı mimarisi burada klasik Osmanlı şiiri ve hat sanatıyla buluşmaktadır. Yazımız bu buluşmadan yola çıkarak, söz konusu yazılarda görülen Osmanlı - İran hanedanları arasındaki tarihi rekabette odaklanmaktadır.

Birinci bölümde Aynalıkavak Kasrı, tarihi ve yazılarıyla ilgili bir değerlendirme yapılmaktadır. İkinci bölümde aynı dönemde siyasi, dini ve kültürel bağlamda yoğun bir şekilde yaşanan Osmanlı İran rekabeti ana hatlarıyla ortaya konmaktadır. Üçüncü bölümde bu rekabetin Aynalıkavak duvarlarındaki yazılara ve şiirlere yansıması ele alınmaktadır. Son bölümde şiirlerin asıllarına ve sadeleştirdiğimiz metinlere yer verilmektedir.
Kral VI. (1.) James Döneminde İskoçya'da ve İngiltere'de Cadı Avı
Authors: YİĞİT Dilek
Published: March 2022

Kral VI(I). James 1567'de Kraliçe Mary Stuart'ın tahttan çekilmesi sonrası İskoçya tahtına, 1603’de Kraliçe I.Elizabeth'in vefatından sonra İngiltere tahtına çıkmıştır. İngiltere'de Stuart hanedanlığının ilk monarkı olan VI(I). James cadılık meselesine ve cadı avına olan ilgisi nedeniyle “cadı avcısı kral” olarak tarihe iz bırakmıştır. Cadılığın doğaüstü ve kötücül doğasına inanan Kral James cadılık üzerine Daemonologie adlı eseri bizzat kaleme almış, hatta Shakespeare'in Macbeth’ine ilham kaynağı olmuştur. 14. yüzyıldan 17. yüzyıla kadar olan dönemde Avrupa’da cadı avı yaygın olduğundan, VI(I). James döneminde İskoçya’da ve İngiltere'deki cadı avı Avrupa tarihi açısından istisnai bir örnek değildir. Ancak James döneminde İskoçya’da ve İngiltere'de yürütülen cadı avının arkasında, Kıta Avrupası’nda olduğu gibi dini koşulların yanı sıra, kralın cadı avına ilgi duymasına sebep olan kişisel nedenler de yatmaktadır.

Bu makalenin amacı Kral VI(I). James'in İskoçya’da ve İngiltere'de yürüttüğü cadı avının nedenlerine James’in, dönemin dini koşullarından da kaynaklanan, kişisel deneyimleri düzeyinde ışık tutmaktır.
Cambio de director técnico en el fútbol mexicano. Evidencia de 2009 a 2018
Authors: Velázquez Guadarrama César , Hernández Velázquez Juan Martín
Published: March 2022

El presente trabajo estima el efecto en el desempeño de los equipos del futbol profesional mexicano de cambiar al entrenador a mitad de la temporada. El fútbol es el deporte más popular en el país y, sin embargo, poco se ha estudiado desde la academia. Una novedad del estudio es que se controla por la calidad de los jugadores. Los resultados de los diferentes modelos estimados indican que el cambiar de entrenador no produce una mejora en los puntos obtenidos ni en los goles a favor o en contra.
Cambio identitario y derechos humanos en comunidades originarias a partir de la edificación de Presas Hidroeléctricas en Nayarit
Authors: González–Bernal Víctor Manuel , Hernández–Guerrero Felipe , Del Real–Flores Jaime Humberto , Martínez–Rivera Juan Ildefonso
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: presentar la situación que prevalece ante el incumplimiento de los derechos humanos y, los cambios identitarios identificados en comunidades aledañas a las riberas de tres presas hidroeléctricas en Nayarit. Metodología: la investigación se apoyó en el método etnográfico centrado en estudio de personas y culturas, se recurrió a la entrevista semiestructurada con autoridades y pobladores de las comunidades, para conocer de voz propia, los cambios que se gestaron a partir de la edificación de Presas hidroeléctricas. Se retomaron los resultados de una encuesta aplicada a 85 personas mayores de 45 años, con el propósito de que expresaron las transformaciones en sus estilos de vida, cosmovisión y tradiciones. Resultados: se encontró que la población de las comunidades originarias objeto de estudio, se encuentran en situación de pobreza extrema, la cual no ha sido resuelta con el aprovisionamiento de bienes y servicios públicos, de igual manera, se observó una fuerte tendencia a la pérdida de su cultura e identidad, en las nuevas generaciones. Limitaciones: mayor profundidad al estudio de la cultura y sobre el desarrollo local en pueblos originarios. Conclusiones: las comunidades originarias están en un proceso de cambio en sus estilos de vida, costumbres y tradiciones, y que se tiene un escaso interés de generaciones mayores por su transmisión, ante la resistencia a adoptarlas y mantenerlas por las nuevas generaciones, se observó la existencia de una alta movilidad poblacional, y que la contaminación audiovisual por tecnologías de información y comunicación, atentan contra su identidad, idiomas y formas de vida.
Verifikasi Dosis Radiasi Teknik Penyinaran 3D-CRT pada Pasien Kanker Payudara Menggunakan Film EBT3 di Rumah Sakit UNAND
Authors: Wessha Andrea , Milvita Dian , Ilyas Muhammad
Published: March 2022

Verifikasi dosis radiasi teknik penyinaran Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy Â (3D-CRT) pada pasien kanker payudara telah dilakukan menggunakan film EBT3. Verifikasi dosis radiasi dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Universitas Andalas selama Agustus sampai September 2020. Pengukuran dosis radiasi menggunakan film EBT3 dilakukan untuk memverifikasi dosis radiasi terukur dengan Treatment Planning System (TPS) berdasarkan protokol International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Technical Report Series (TRS) 398. Nilai dosis radiasi terukur diamati pada setiap lapangan penyinaran yaitu chest-wall dan supraclave. Verifikasi dosis radiasi dari penyinaran dosis radiasi yang terukur menggunakan film EBT3 mendapatkan nilai dosis radiasi yang lebih tinggi dari dosis radiasi TPS. Nilai dari pengukuran dosis radiasi menunjukkan dosis radiasi terukur pada lapangan penyinaran chest-wall cenderung tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan dosis radiasi terukur pada lapangan penyinaran supraclave. Hasil pengukuran dosis radiasi yang tinggi pada lapangan penyinaran chest-wall disebabkan adanya penggunaan bolus. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran dosis radiasi tersebut verifikasi dosis radiasi berdasarkan TRS 398 tidak terpenuhi. Diskrepansi dosis radiasi terukur pada setiap pengukuran melebihi standar toleransi TRS 398 yaitu (0-5)%Â Dose verification of Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy (3D-CRT) for breast cancer patient has been conducted using film EBT3. The dose radiation had been verificated in Andalas University Hospital from August to September in 2020. Dose radiation measurement using film EBT3 has been verified the dose radiation of Treatment Planning System (TPS) based on International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Technical Report Series (TRS) 398. The measurable of dose radiation has been observed for chest-wall and supraclave. It was shown that the value of measurable dose radiation is higher than dose radiation in the TPS. The value of dose radiation measurement between chest-wall and supraclave showed different pattern. Measurable dose radiation on Chest-wall is tend to higher value than on supraclave. This pattern is may be due to that radiation treatment on chest-wall was using bolus. Furthermore, the dose radiation discrepancy using film EBT3 exceed the standard limitation base on TRS 398. Thus, the dose verification using film EBT3 is not properly enough for breast cancer patient.
Pengaruh Penambahan Karbon Aktif dari Cangkang Kelapa Sawit terhadap Sifat Listrik dan Sifat Mekanik PANi-Nanoserat Pinang
Authors: Ramadhani M. Wahyu , Mahyudin Alimin
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pengaruh penambahan karbon aktif dari cangkang kelapa sawit terhadap sifat listrik dan sifat mekanik PANi/polianilin yang diperkuat nanoserat pinang. Persentase karbon aktif yang ditambahkan terhadap PANi-nanoserat pinang berturut-turut adalah 10% ; 20% ; 30% ; 40% ; dan 50%. PANi dihasilkan dari polimerisasi dari monomer anilin dan ammonium peroksidisulfat yang kemudian dihaluskan hingga berbentuk serbuk PANi. Persentase nanoserat pinang yang digunakan pada setiap komposit adalah 6%. Karbon aktif dibuat melalui metode dehidrasi, karbonisasi, dan aktivasi dengan aktivator NaOH. Sedangkan metode pembuatan nanoselulosa dari serat pinang menggunakan metode dewaxing, bleaching, dan dehemiselulosa. Pembuatan komposit dilakukan melalui metode dry mixing antara karbon aktif dan PANi-nanoserat pinang. Pengujian dilakukan berupa uji sifat listrik, karakterisasi gugus fungsi, dan uji sifat mekanik. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan, nilai konduktivitas tertinggi terdapat pada persentase 50% karbon aktif dengan nilai 3,35 x 10-3 S/cm pada frekuensi pengukuran 120 Hz. Nilai kapasitansi tertinggi terdapat pada persentase 50% karbon aktif dengan nilai 179,8 ÂµF pada pengukuran frekuensi 100 Hz. Hasil karakterisasi menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) menunjukkan tingkat kemurnian dari komposit terjadi dengan tidak terbentuknya gugus fungsi baru pada komposit. Nilai kuat tarik, regangan, dan modulus elastisitas yang dihasilkan berturut-turut yaitu 14,96 MPa, 8,27%, dan 180,97 MPa.
Analisis Seismisitas Wilayah Kepulauan Maluku Periode 1970-2019 dengan Menggunakan Metode Likelihood
Authors: Septiani Indri , Pujiastuti Dwi
Published: March 2022

Analisis tingkat seismisitas dan periode ulang gempa bumi berdasarkan magnitudo telah dilakukan pada daerah Kepulauan Maluku dan sekitarnya. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang di unduh dari katalog ISC (International Seismological Centre) pada periode 1970 - 2019, dengan magnitudo â‰¥ 5 dan kedalaman 0 - 200 km. Untuk menghitung periode ulang gempa bumi digunakan persamaan Guttenberg-Richter yang dihitung menggunakan metode Likelihood. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan, diperoleh nilai b (parameter seismotektonik) sebesar 0,821 dan nilai a (parameter seismik) sebesar 7,373 serta nilai indeks seismisitas untuk magnitudo 5-8 berkisar antara 21,570 - 0,077. Hal ini menunjukkan daerah penelitian memiliki tingkat keaktifan kegempaan yang tinggi. Periode ulang gempa bumi untuk magnitudo 5 - 8 bervariasi antara 0,046 - 12,931 tahun. Secara umum dapat disimpulkan bahwa daerah Kepulauan Maluku dan sekitarnya memiliki tingkat seismisitas yang tinggi dan rawan bencana gempa bumi. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan tingginya tingkat keaktifan gempa dan nilai periode ulang gempa yang singkat.
Koefisien Absorspi Bunyi dan Impedansi Akustik dari Panel Serat Kulit Jagung dengan Menggunakan Metode Tabung
Authors: Dari Tika Wulan , Elvaswer Elvaswer
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk menentukan nilai koefisien absorpsi bunyi dan impedansi akustik dari panel berbahan dasar komposit serat kulit jagung dengan matriks berupa resin epoksi. Kemampuan panel akustik diuji menggunakan metode tabung. Panel akustik diberikan perlakuan yang berbeda di setiap permukaan sampel. Desain permukaan yang diberikan yaitu permukaan tanpa alur, garis lurus panjang, garis lurus pendek, garis lurus panjang dan pendek, garis tegak lurus, dan lingkaran. Frekuensi sebagai sumber bunyi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, 1500 Hz, 2000 Hz, dan 2500 Hz. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai koefisien absorpsi bunyi dan impedansi akustik tertinggi terjadi pada desain permukaan garis lurus panjang yaitu 0,89 dan 1,26 kg/mÂ²s dengan frekuensi 1000 Hz. Berdasarkan standar ISO 11654, dapat disimpulkan serat kulit jagung berpotensi digunakan sebagai panel akustik.
Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium juajava) sebagai Inhibitor Korosi Pada Baja
Authors: Prameswari Apriska , Dahlan Dahyunir
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini membahas tentang sintesis lapisan antikorosi menggunakan ekstrak daun jambu biji (Psidium guajava) Â sebagai inhibitor korosi pada baja. PelapisanÂ dilakukan dengan metode elektrodeposisi yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan lapisan tipis untuk melindungi permukaan baja. Pembuatan lapisan diawali dengan mencampurkan CuSO4Â 1 M, asam borat (H3BO3) 0,24 M, dan aquades yang kemudian diaduk dan ditambahkan inhibitor ekstrak daun jambu biji dengan variasi konsentrasi 0%, 0,1%, 0,2%, 0,3%, 0,4%, 0,5%, 3%, 5%, 7%, dan 9% volume inhibitor. Media korosif dibuat dengan melarutkan 3,65 g HCl ke dalam 100 mL aquades dan perlakuan korosif diberikan selama 10 jam pada suhu ruang. Pengukuran laju korosi baja dilakukan menggunakan metode weight lossÂ yang juga akan menghasilkan nilai efisiensi inhibisi baja. Nilai laju korosi dan efisiensi inhibisi paling optimal adalah pada konsentrasi 5% yaitu sebesar 0,00085 g/cm2.jam, dan efisiensi inhibisinya sebesar 74,6269%. Konsentrasi yang semakin meningkat akan menghasilkan laju korosi yang semakin kecil jika konsentrasi inhibitor yang diberikan tepat. Pelapisan dengan metode elektrodeposisi menghasilkan permukaan baja yang tebal, halus dan terlapisi dengan baik.
Analisis Pengaruh Konsentrasi Elektrolit NaCl terhadap Karakteristik Karbon Aktif dari Kulit Buah Kakao
Authors: Afza Vikra Yudha Yolanda , Muldarisnur Mulda , Yetri Yuli
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan sintesis karbon aktif dari kulit kakao dengan menggunakan aktivator KOH 0,3 M dengan variasi elektrolit NaCl 1 M, 2 M dan 3 M yang akan dimanfaatkan sebagai superkapasitor. Karakterisasi hasil dilakukan dengan Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM) untuk melihat struktur pori, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) untuk mengetahui kristal karbon, serta uji siklik voltammetry (CV) dan LCR-Meter untuk mengetahui nilai kapasitansi dan konduktivitas yang dihasilkan. Hasil analisa XRD didapatkan struktur atom yang berbentuk amorf yang tidak dipengaruhi oleh konsentrasi elektrolit NaCl yang diberikan. Analisa SEM membuktikan bahwa konsentrasi elektrolit NaCl mempengaruhi struktur pori. Elektrolit NaCl 3 M memiliki struktur pori yang lebih halus dan merata. Nilai kapasitansi spesifik menggunakan CV didapatkan nilai kapasitansi spesifik tertinggi yaitu 42,524 ÂµF/g pada konsentrasi NaCl 3 M dan terendah pada konsentrasi NaCl 1 M 3 ÂµF/g. Hasil yang didapatkan menggunakan alat LCR-Meter untuk mengukur konduktivitas adalah 1,83 S/m pada konsentrasi NaCl 3 M dan frekuensi 1000 Hz serta yang terendah pada konsentrasi elektrolit NaCl 1 M pada frekuensi 100 Hz 0.18 S/m. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa konsentrasi elektrolit yang diberikan dapat mempengaruhi dan meningkatkan nilai kapasitansi dan konduktivitas yang dihasilkan sel superkapasitor.
Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Kalsium Ferit Berbahan Dasar Batu Besi
Authors: Mozanna Lidya , Astuti Astuti
Published: March 2022

Sintesis Kalsium Ferit telah dilakukan dengan metode solid state reaction menggunakan Fe3O4 hasil sintesis dari batu besi dan CaCO3 dari batu kapur alam. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan variasi suhu sinter yaitu 500â„ƒ, 600â„ƒ, 700â„ƒ. Hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi dengan XRD dan SEM dan susceptibility meter. Sampel dengan pemansan selama 3 jam menghasilkan dengan suhu 500â„ƒ ukuran kristalnya 6,3 nm, suhu 600â„ƒ ukuran Kristal 0,169 nm, dan suhu 700â„ƒ ukuran Kristal 5,544 nm. Pada sampel variasi suhu pemanasan 300â„ƒ ukuran partikel yang didapat 17,89 nm, sedangkan pada suhu sinter 700â„ƒ ukuran partikelnya diperoleh 4,05 nm.