bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Teachers in Awareness of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Vocational School Students
Authors: Wahrini Retyana , Nuridayanti Nuridayanti , Makmur Elfira
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of the role of the teacher and the occupational safety and health (OSH) climate on occupational safety and health increasing awareness in the electrical installation workshop of the Vocational High School. This research is an Ex-post Facto research. The population of the research is the XII grade students of Vocational High School 1 Sedayu Special Region of Yogyakarta with a total of 366 students and a sample of 188 students. The number of trials respondents 30 students. The sampling technique uses random sampling and data is taken using a questionnaire instrument. The validity of the questionnaire instruments done by item using analysis Product Moment correlation formula and reliability testing using the Cronbach Alpha. The results showed that (1) there is a positive and significant influence between the role of the teacher in occupational safety and health increasing awareness in the electrical installation workshop of vocational high school value 43.30 percent; (2) there is a positive and significant effect between the occupational safety and health climate on increasing occupational safety and health awareness in the electrical installation workshop of vocational high school value 43.40 percent; (3) there is a positive and significant influence between the role of teacher and occupational safety and health climate on occupational safety and health increasing awareness in the electrical installation workshop of vocational high school value 50.60 percent. The application of OSH will have an impact on increasing the productivity of the workforce and the company.
Analisis Pengaruh Growth Opportunity dan Good Corporate Governance terhadap Nilai Perusahaan
Authors: Mutayassara Baiq Nirsya
Published: February 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of growth opportunity and good corporate governance on company value (Study in the Consumer Goods Industry Sub-sector Food & Beverage which is included in the 2014-2018 Indonesia Sharia Stock Index). The type of data used in this study is quantitative data with secondary data sources, data collection techniques with observation and sampling techniques in this study is purposive sampling. The selected population is 18 food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2014-2018 with a sample of 8 companies that fit the criteria that the authors have determined. To analyze this research the writer uses Panel Data Analysis Test with the help of Eviews 9 application. The results of this study indicate that growth opportunity proxied by asset growth has a negative and not significant effect on firm value, and good corporate governance represented by the audit committee and managerial ownership has a positive and not significant effect on firm value while good corporate governance with institutional ownership has a negative effect. and not significant to the company's value.
Rancang Bangun Strategi Pemberdayaan UMKM melalui Wakaf Produktif Berbasis Model Sharia Grameen Bank di Era New Normal
Authors: Abd. Wahab  , Siti Masfufa  , Ridan Muhtadi  , Arifin Nur Rachmat
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Economic conditions in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, the people of Bira Tengah Village, Sampang Regency, have not been able to achieve a level of welfare even though in the village there is tourism potential for Lon Malang Beach and abundant marine products. The majority of housewives in the area do not have income-generating jobs. Thus, a solution is needed to optimize the role of housewives in the village to improve their economy in this new normal era. The purpose of this research is to create a solution idea in revitalizing the community's economy in order to alleviate poverty and increase the role of housewives in Central Bira in the new normal era. In writing this scientific paper, it uses research methods with a qualitative descriptive approach, data collection by interviews and literature studies as data sources. The concept of Sharia Grameen Bank is a model of Islamic microfinance institutions that apply sharia economic principles by utilizing capital from cash waqf and partnering with cooperatives supported by the use of the LOL website (Lon Malang Luminous Heaven) which can optimize the implementation process of Sharia Grameen Bank implementation). LOL (Lon Malang Luminous Heaven) is a website that is used as a medium in raising and distributing funds from productive waqf empowerment programs through cooperatives with murabahah contracts to housewives business groups in Central Bira.
Antropologi Ekonomi
Authors: Abd Ghafur
Published: February 2022

ABSTRAK

 

Antropogi ekonomi mempunyai kecenderungan yang khas dalam mengkaji masalah perekonomian banyak menaruh perhatian terhadap berbagai gejala pertukaran yang tidak melibatkan penggunaan uang sebagai mekanisme pertukaran. Antrpologi Ekonomi mempejalari bagaimana masyarakat menyediakan barang dan jasa material. Selama penyediannya orang akan berhubungan satu sama yang lain. beberpa poin yang tidak bisa lepas dari antropologi ekonomi yaitu tentang pencaharian, kerja, produksi, konsumsi, distribusi, perdagangan pasar, uang dan barter, kredit dan hutang, globalisasi, sosialisme, ekonomi moral dan rumha tangga bahkan dalam antropologi ekonomi untuk melihat struktur dan peilaku ekonomi menggunakan tiga pradigma yang berbeda                                         

Kata Kunci : Ekonomi,Antropologi
COMPARISON OF THE COBB ANGLE MEASUREMENT BETWEEN MANUAL AND DIGITAL METHODS AMONG FIVE MILITARY HOSPITALS
Authors: Kraturerk Chalermrit , Poopitaya Sompob , Chitragran Roongrath
Published: February 2022

Background: The Cobb angle measurement of the spine is an important parameter for assessing patients with scoliosis in terms of diagnosis, treatment planning, follow-up for severity and disease progression. This angle can be obtained from a plain X-ray film in an upright posteroanterior view or can be measured from digital images. A 5° curve progression is considered clinically significant.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the accuracy and difference of the Cobb angle measurements between manual and digital methods among 5 military hospitals located in the 1st area of command having orthopedic services and using different Picture Archiving and Communication (PACS).

Methods: Using plain X- ray films of patients diagnosed with scoliosis, a comparative study of the Cobb angle measurement was conducted. A total of 120 images were recorded in a compact disc in the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) system and was used to install in computer systems of 5 military hospitals (Hospitals A, B, C, D, and E), and then was interpreted using each hospital digital PACS. The mean difference of 5° is considered clinically significant. The validity of measurements was analyzed using paired t- test for the mean equivalence. The reliability of one time measurement was also performed using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC).

Results: Both one time and an average of three times of digital measurements among Hospitals A, B, C, D and E revealed significant differences when compared with the manual measurement (p < 0.01). However, no clinical significance of both one time and the averaged three measurements were observed when the mean difference was less than 5°. In the combined process group (Hospitals C, D and E), a significant difference of the manual and digital measurements was observed (p<0.01). However, no clinical significance using both one time and averaged three time measurements was found when the mean difference was less than 5°. The data of one time digital measurements were reliable (ICC= 0.9).

Conclusion: The use of digital Cobb angle measurement is a convenient practice. A significant difference using manual and digital methods was found using both one and combined processes; however, no clinical significance was observed. One time digital measurement revealed validity as those found in three time averaged measurements.
ACTIVITY OF TRIAZOLES AND ECHINOCANDINS AGAINST CANDIDA BLOODSTREAM ISOLATES AT PHRAMONGKUTKLAO HOSPITAL, THAILAND
Authors: Thunyaharn Sudaluck , Santimaleeworagun Wichai , Khoprasert Chananan , Kesakomol Piyanate , Theeraapisakkun Montalee , Visawapoka Unchalee
Published: February 2022

Background: Candidemia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality which can be treated using antifungal agents, triazoles and echinocandins.

Objectives: We aimed to determine Candida species and their sensitivities to triazoles (fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole) and echinocandins (caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin) among patients with candidiasis to guide future treatment of patients with candidemia or invasive candidiasis.

Methods: All firstly isolated Candida spp. from patients admitted at Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand from January 2012 to December 2013 were included in this study. The antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida spp. isolates was assessed based on micro-dilution method.

Results: During the 24-month study period, a total of 66 Candida isolates from 66 patients were identified. Of the 66 isolates, 35 (53%) were C. albicans, 18 (27.3%) were C. tropicalis, 10 (15.2%) were C. glabrata and 3 (4.5%) were C. parapsilosis. Fluconazole resistant Candida isolates were found in C. glabrata (100%), C. albicans (14.3%), C. tropicalis (22.2%) and C. parapsilosis (66.7%). Most Candida spp. isolates were mainly susceptible to echinocandins (>90%). Notably, 10%-20% of C. glabrata isolates showed resistance to echinocandins.

Conclusion: Fluconazole, an empirical therapy, has been cautiously used due to resistant non-albicans Candida species especially, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis. However, the emerging echinocandins resistant C. glabrata isolates need to be closely monitored.
Water and Nutritional Management on the Growthand Chlorophyll a Fluorescence of Plants Used in the Revegetation of Remaining Sand and Clay Extraction Areas
Authors: Pagoto André Lucas Reboli , Bonomo Robson , Fernandes Adriano Alves , Falqueto Antelmo Ralph , Rosa Rayane , Azeredo André Luiz Ribeiro , Silva João Vítor Garcia , Jardim Adriele dos Santos
Published: February 2022

The processes of using the environment and natural resources are increasingly necessary and present in human society. These processes can result in environmental degradation. A recovery strategy for an area that has undergone environmental degradation is revegetation. For the successful establishment of a plant species, the environment must have adequate water and nutritional conditions. The objective of this work was to study the effect of water and nutritional management on the survival, growth, and morphophysiological conditions of plants used in the revegetation of remaining sand and clay extraction areas. The experiment was carried out in a sand loan extraction loan area and a clay loan extraction loan area, both in the coastal region of the municipality of São Mateus, Espírito Santo, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block with three replications in a split-plot scheme, using methods of water management in the plots and doses of fertilization (0.000 kg, 0.072 kg, 0.144 kg, 0.288 kg and 0.576 kg) in the pits in the subplots. In both areas, five different species of native plants were used: Aroeira (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi), Cajá Mirim (Spondias mombin L.), Goiaba do Ipiranga (Psidium cattleianum Sabine), Ingá Mirim (Inga laurina (Sw.) Willd.) and Murta de Restinga (Mouriri guianensis Aubl.). The plants used in the experiment were evaluated for growth, survival, leaf attributes, and chlorophyll a fluorescence. The water management method and the fertilization of the pit had a significant effect on the development of the species evaluated in both areas, acting on the survival rate, growth, morphology and physiology of the plants.
Fertilizer Effects on Soil Moisture Changes during Crop Growing Seasons of Dryland Agriculture in Northwestern Alberta, Canada
Authors: Gill Kabal Singh
Published: February 2022

Efficient use of limited soil moisture resources is important for crop production in dryland agriculture in the study area. Understanding the changes in soil moisture during crop growing seasons can improve crop production. The objectives of the current study were to assess the effects of fertilizer application on soil moisture content (SMC) and its depletion patterns during the growing season. Changes in SMC in the 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, and 30-40 cm depths soil were monitored during the 2013-2015 growing seasons under canola (Brassica napus L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) crops with 0 and 100% rates of commercial chemical fertilizers. The crops were grown using direct seeding (DS) on a clay loam soil in the southeast Peace Region (legal: NW7-77-20W5; GPS: 55o39′38.43″ N, 117o6′10.64″ W) of Alberta, Canada. Fertilizer application reduced the SMC at all the soil depths during considerable crop growing seasons. Depletion of SMC started earlier in fertilized pots in 2013 and 2014, but not in the drier early season of 2015. Rapid depletion during the early and middle of growing seasons was followed by slower or no soil moisture depletion by crops near the end. The SMC tended to be somewhat lower under 100 than 0% fertilizer by the end of the growing seasons, with few exceptions. The start of SMC depletion and appearance of fertilizer rates effect after seeding was also influenced by the amount of SMC at seeding in spring, i.e. earlier in dry year of 2015 than in other years with higher SMC in spring and more rain. The results demonstrated that applying fertilizer increased soil water use by plants regardless of the crop type or growing season. They also indicated that if more soil moisture was available, the differences between fertilizer treatments might have continued for extended periods, and yields of fertilized crops may have benefitted more.
The effects of current production techniques on the surface roughness, oxide layer thickness and porcelain bond strength of cobalt-chromium and titanium substructures
Authors: Ünalan Değirmenci Beyza , Ersoy Nuri Murat
Published: February 2022

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the oxide layer, surface roughness, and bond strength with porcelain of cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) and titanium (Ti) substructures produced using casting, milling and selective laser sintering techniques.

Methodology: A total of 180 disc-shaped metal samples with a diameter of 1 cm and a thickness of 3 mm were produced. The samples were divided into six groups (n=15) according to the technique used to produce the metal substructures—casting, milling, and SLS—and the chemical composition of the metal substructure—Co-Cr and Ti. Then roughness averages (Ra) of the sample surfaced were calculated with a contact-type profilometer. Nondestructive energy-dispersive X-ray was performed to ensure that the layer displayed in contrast was the oxide layer, and the average oxide layer thickness was calculated from scanning electron microscope images. Metal-porcelain complexes were subjected to shear bond strength test and failure types were noted. Two-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to compare oxide layer thickness, surface roughness, and shear bond strength according to the metal and production technique, and Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) test was used for multiple comparisons of the main effects.

Results: Two-way MANOVA revealed that the metal and technique used in the substructure production had significant effects on surface roughness, oxide layer thickness and shear bond strength (p < 0.001). Ti groups exhibited thicker oxide layer formation than Co-Cr groups. Low surface roughness values were observed in the milling groups. The highest shear bond strength value (53.8 MPa) was observed in the Co-Cr group produced by casting, while the lowest value (32.2 MPa) was obtained in the Ti group produced by casting.

Conclusion: It should be kept in mind that there is no ideal production technique and that the effects of the production technique differ depending on the metal used.

 

How to cite this article: Ünalan Değirmenci B, Ersoy NM. The effects of current production techniques on the surface roughness, oxide layer thickness and porcelain bond strength of cobalt-chromium and titanium substructures. Int Dent Res 2021;11(3):129-39. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.no3.1

 

Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
Inferiority = Superiority (Satire)
Authors: N. N.
Published: February 2022

A collapsed code of Egyptian and Tunisian lifeworlds in 2016.
The Role of Ionic Currents in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration
Authors: Abdolmaleki Arash , Zahri Saber , Asadi Asadollah , Karimi Shayan Tahereh , Parandin Rahmatollah , A. Ghanimi Hussein , Akram Muhammad , Daniyal Muhammad
Published: February 2022

: Various factors may result in peripheral nerve injury leading to permanent functional loss. Here, we review the role of calcium and potassium ions in peripheral nerve regeneration and repair. This narrative review of the literature collected its data by searching Google Scholar, PubMed, Elsevier, Springer, Wiley, EBSCO, Scopus, and Science Direct. Publications were searched with no particular time restriction from 1997 to 2021, including all types of study. About 100 relevant papers were found from 1997, 77 of which were selected for this study. Both beta subunits of sodium channels are expressed in peripheral neurons, and drugs that affect those channels may facilitate nerve repair. Riluzole is a sodium/glutamate antagonist which has recently entered clinical trials for spinal cord injury. Riluzole's neuroprotective effects are due to sodium channel blockade and, subsequently, the prevention of Ca2+ overflow. Besides, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) is a neurotransmitter of potassium channel blockers that increases the rate of functional improvement following peripheral nerve damage by promoting remyelination. Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker that stimulates an endogenous anti-inflammatory response and reduces pro-inflammatory processes, thus causing pain modulation. Inhibition of ROCKs accelerate the regeneration and functional restoration after spinal-cord damage in mammals, and inhibition of the Rho/ROCK pathway has been additionally proven efficacious in animal models of stroke, inflammatory and demyelinating diseases, Alzheimer’s disease, and neuropathic ache. Therefore, the neurite outgrowth of surviving neurons is necessary for nerve regeneration to reinnervate target tissue after nerve damage. One of the critical components of the damage response process is a local translation in axons, and it is critical for the regenerative outcome. On the other hand, it provides new axonal regrowth molecules and induces signals returning to the cell's soma to partake in regenerative pathways and survival.
Trasfondo erótico y poético del pensamiento (Con una selecta bibliografía de y sobre Lévinas)
Authors: Domínguez Rey Antonio
Published: February 2022

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Apuntes para una semiótica de la deconstrucción, seguidos de una aplicación práctica sobre el cine de Cifesa
Authors: Franco i Giner Josep
Published: February 2022

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José Romera Castillo: Enseñanza de la Lengua y la Literatura. (Madrid: UNED, 1996, 332 págs.)
Authors: Corriente Cordero Jesús Manuel
Published: February 2022

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¿El futuro es de generado? – Aportes para pensar en una sociedad sin encasillamientos de sexo/género
Authors: Grinstein Victoria
Published: February 2022

This article discusses about the category “sex” in the argentine identity card. Considering the queer and trans theory, it looks foward to the possibility of modifying this category to create a society free from gender clasifications. It considers different interpretations to argue about the construction of identity after the Gender Identity Law in Argentina was sanctioned en 2012, its goals and limitations and the possibility of imagining a society that breaks with binary categorizations. It uses a couple of examples from trans and non binary people in Argentina that managed to make changes in their ID, being able to register themselves without having to chose between female or male.

Este artículo tiene como finalidad poner en discusión la categoría “sexo” presente en el documento nacional de identificación argentino. A partir de los aportes de la teoría queer y trans, se propone pensar los alcances posibles de modificar o eliminar esta categoría, en pos de crear una sociedad que se libere de los encasillamientos de género en términos registrales. Tomando distintas interpretaciones, se discute en torno a la construcción de la identidad a partir de la sanción de la Ley de Identidad de Género en el año 2012, sus alcances y limitaciones y las posibles implicancias sociales de pensarnos por fuera de la forma binaria que tenemos actualmente para categorizarnos. Para ello se utilizan los casos de varias personas travestis y no binaries en Argentina que lograron hacer cambios registrales para que en el casillero de “sexo” no aparezca ni hombre ni mujer.
La publicación en Estudios de Género en el último lustro. Un análisis cienciométrico.
Authors: Rodríguez Rodríguez Ignacio , Rodríguez José Víctor , Eliozondo Moreno Aránzazu
Published: February 2022

Gender Studies has been a category of its own within the academic corpus for decades, with its production increasing every year since its inception. The thousands of scientific documents that comprise it make it difficult to have a general idea of the trends in this field of research. The mining of texts has made it possible to perform a scientometric analysis from 23,635 articles corresponding to the category "Gender Studies" of the Sco-pus database, covering the period 2017-2021. The automated study has allowed us to obtain a series of conclusions of interest that are presented in this paper. This paper concludes the importance of the implementation of active gender policies by governments, as this translates into scientific research (theoretical and practical) that analyzes the causes and proposes solutions to gender inequality in a cross-cutting manner in all aspects of life

Los Estudios de Género constituyen una categoría propia dentro del corpus académico desde hace ya décadas, incrementándose su producción cada año desde sus inicios. Los miles de documentos científicos que la conforman hace que sea complejo tener una idea general de las tendencias en este ámbito de investigación. El minado de textos ha permitido hacer un análisis cienciométrico a partir de 23.635 artículos correspondientes a la categoría “Gender Studies” de la base de datos Scopus, abarcando el periodo 2017-2021. El estudio automatizado ha permitido obtener una serie de conclusiones de interés que en este trabajo se presentan. El presente trabajo concluye la importancia de la implementación de políticas activas de género por los gobiernos, pues esto se traduce en investigación científica (teórica y práctica) que analiza las causas y propone soluciones a la desigualdad de género de forma transversal en todos los aspectos de la vida.
La vengeance chez Frédéric Marcelin et Sony Labou Tansi : La vengeance de Mama (1902, 1974) et La Vie et demie (1979)
Authors: Satyre Joubert
Published: February 2022

Nearly 70 years apart, two francophone authors, the Haitian Frédéric Marcelin (1848-1917) and the Congolese Sony Labou Tansi (1947-1995), published novels whose plot either entirely or partially calls upon the theme of vengeance, each featuring the same principal elements: women, dictators, champagne, poison, seduction and sex. In Marcelin’s La vengeance de Mama (1902, 1974), Zulma Corneille, nicknamed Mama, avenges the death of her fiancé, Épaminondas Labasterre, by making his murderer Télémaque drink poisoned champagne during an amourous rendez-vous; in Sony Labou Tansi’s La Vie et demie (1979), after seeing her entire family murdered by the Guide Providientiel de la Katamalanasie, Chaïdana, the daughter of the antagonist Martial, likewise uses poisoned champagne to kill off a number of the totalitarian country’s officials after having offered herself to them in the novel’s eponymous hotel. The goal of this article is to investigate what must be fortuitous similarities between these two novels, as it is unlikely that Labou Tansi would have read Marcelin. It aims to analyse the way in which vengeance is employed in the novels, notably the use of ruses and seduction as a means of enticing the victims.
La langue francophone : d’une passion vindicative sur l’autorité coloniale du discours chez J.-L. Raharimanana
Authors: Moustir Hassan
Published: February 2022

For the francophone writer, to write in French brings a twofold passion into focus. On the one hand, it is an aid to self-representation, but on the other, it represents the return of violence of a vindictive nature, signifying the rejection of assimilation to discourse under colonialism’s authority (Mignolo). In the wake of approaches to the decolonisation of creation and language, the francophone oeuvre maintains one of two possibilities. Either it is a counter-narration, which revises the official historical archives and imposes an uncompromising restitution of memory, all the while frequently responding to the violence of domination, effectively a symbolic violence, borne by language, or it maintains an attempt to build up a different culture amidst the ruins of erasure subsequent to the imperial hegemony. If the more recent movement was in reality the birth certificate of the decolonisation of francophone literature, wrapped up in a desire for nationalistic edification, the first movement emanated from a keen awareness of the role of language in the shaping of the imagination and the creation of symbolic imperial authority.It is very likely in Jean-Luc Raharimanana’s work that that we see the crystallization of both a conscientiousness in the restoration of historical archives (Madagascar 1947 and 2011) and a recourse to language as the symbolic site where an externally subjected violence gets transposed upon the range of dysfunctional language usage (Za 2008). This study hopes to explore as much of the work of this Madagascan author as possible from the perspective of a vengeance that seeks to be a return to violence (Fanon), whether such violence is real (political torture), historical (French colonisation) or even symbolic (the authority of a system of language).
Endurance exercise ameliorates phenotypes in Drosophila models of spinocerebellar ataxias
Authors: Sujkowski Alyson , Richardson Kristin , Prifti Matthew V , Wessells Robert J , Todi Sokol V
Published: February 2022

Endurance exercise is a potent intervention with widespread benefits proven to reduce disease incidence and impact across species. While endurance exercise supports neural plasticity, enhanced memory, and reduced neurodegeneration, less is known about the effect of chronic exercise on the progression of movement disorders such as ataxias. Here, we focused on three different types of ataxias, spinocerebellar ataxias type (SCAs) 2, 3, and 6, belonging to the polyglutamine (polyQ) family of neurodegenerative disorders. In Drosophila models of these SCAs, flies progressively lose motor function. In this study, we observe marked protection of speed and endurance in exercised SCA2 flies and modest protection in exercised SCA6 models, with no benefit to SCA3 flies. Causative protein levels are reduced in SCA2 flies after chronic exercise, but not in SCA3 models, linking protein levels to exercise-based benefits. Further mechanistic investigation indicates that the exercise-inducible protein, Sestrin (Sesn), suppresses mobility decline and improves early death in SCA2 flies, even without exercise, coincident with disease protein level reduction and increased autophagic flux. These improvements partially depend on previously established functions of Sesn that reduce oxidative damage and modulate mTOR activity. Our study suggests differential responses of polyQ SCAs to exercise, highlighting the potential for more extensive application of exercise-based therapies in the prevention of polyQ neurodegeneration. Defining the mechanisms by which endurance exercise suppresses polyQ SCAs will open the door for more effective treatment for these diseases.
Differences in the composition and predicted functions of the intestinal microbiome of obese and normal weight adult dogs
Authors: Thomson Pamela , Santibáñez Rodrigo , Rodríguez-Salas Camila , Flores-Yañez Carla , Garrido Daniel
Published: February 2022

Obesity is a multifactorial nutritional disorder highly prevalent in dogs, observed in developed and developing countries. It is estimated that over 40% of the canine population suffers from obesity, which manifests in an increased risk of chronic osteoarticular, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases. The intestinal microbiome of obese animals shows increases in the abundance of certain members capable of extracting energy from complex polysaccharides. The objective of this study was to compare the composition and predicted function of the intestinal microbiome of Chilean obese and normal weight adult dogs. Twenty clinically healthy dogs were classified according to their body condition score (BCS) as obese (n = 10) or normal weight (n = 10). DNA was extracted from stool samples, followed by next-generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA V3–V4 region and bioinformatics analysis targeting microbiome composition and function. Significant differences were observed between these groups at the phylum level, with anincrease in Firmicutes and a decrease in Bacteroidetes in obese dogs. Microbiome compositions of these animals correlated with their BCS, and obese dogs showed enrichment in pathways related to transport, chemotaxis, and flagellar assembly. These results highlight the differences in the gut microbiome between normal weight and obese dogs and prompt further research to improve animal health by modulating the gut microbiome.
Caesarean Section Scar Ectopic Pregnancy Presenting with Uterine Rupture: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Bhavani PN , Patil Shivanand V
Published: February 2022

Caesarean scar ectopic pregnancy is a rare form of pregnancy implanting on a caesarean scar and is considered a gynaecological emergency associated with scar rupture and increased incidence of maternal morbidity when complicated with haemorrhage. Scar pregnancy incidence being more common as there are increased caesarean deliveries nowadays. Here the authors present a case of 28-year-old female with caesarean section scar ectopic pregnancy with ruptured uterine scar and haemorrhage associated with haemodynamic collapse which has poor prognosis. Imaging plays a crucial role in early detection and helps the clinician in further management to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality.
Study of Anatomical Variations of Mitral Papillary Muscles and their Significance: A Cadaveric Study from Southern India
Authors: Valli S , Gohila G
Published: February 2022

introduction: Papillary Muscles (PaM) are the muscular components of the mitral apparatus and include a small portion of the wall of the Left Ventricle (LV). There are Anterolateral Papillary Muscles (ALPM) and Posteromedial Papillary Muscles (PMPM) that are usually single, though may be seen in groups or as accessory PaM. The mitral papillary muscle is usually conical in shape with a single base and single apex, though they may also be pyramidal, fan-shaped or broad-apexed which may influence the passage of blood flow. Various patterns like bifid-apexed, perforated or long PaM may also be present with variable length. Alterations in the left ventricular shape and size may lead to disturbances in the Mitral Valve (MV) function. A papillary muscle, like the MV complex is unique and differs in morphology from one individual with high variability. Due to above mentioned reasons, knowledge of variations of mitral papillary muscle is crucial. Aim: To study variations in the morphology of mitral PaM in terms of length, number, shape and pattern in adult human cadaveric hearts. Materials and Methods: A total of fifty adult heart specimens, without gross deformity, were taken from the Institute of Anatomy, Madras Medical College and studied by conventional dissection method. The presence of mitral PaM, their number, length, shape and pattern were studied. A data sheet was made using Microsoft excel software and the mean, percentages and mode of variables were calculated. Results: In the present study, it was found that the two mitral PaM, namely anterolateral and PMPM were present in all the specimens. PMPM had a mean length of 21.6±4 mm and were longer than ALPM that had a mean of 18.9±3.97 mm. PMPM (68%) were mostly present in groups and ranged between one and four whereas the ALPM was predominantly single (76%). Most AMPM (56%) and PMPM (60%) were cone shaped. A 40% of ALPM and 60% PMPM had single, undivided base with an undivided apex. Conclusion: Considerable variations in number, shape, pattern and length of the PaM observed in the present study correlated with the findings of most other studies done previously. The data obtained may be useful for radiologists and cardio-thoracic surgeons.
Utility of Maximum Intensity Projections in Volumetric High Resolution Computed Tomography Lung in the Evaluation of Diffuse Lung Diseases- A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Kumar Joish Upendra , Reddy Harikiran , Abhishek S
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Though volumetric High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) has increased the sensitivity of diagnosing diffuse lung diseases, there are some drawbacks related with lesion detection. Post processing techniques like Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) can help in increasing the sensitivity of HRCT further. Aim: To study various possible utilities of MIP in HRCT lung. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was done in a tertiary care hospital, including all Computed Tomography (CT) scans performed in July 2020 to August 2020, with multiple lung findings and diffuse involvement of lungs. Two radiologists reviewed the base mean axial images of 1 mm and MIP images in sliding scale from 2 to 10 mm in lung window. They recorded the findings in every scan based on widely accepted basic pattern of interpretation of HRCT thorax. The slice/slab thickness that best depicted each finding was noted. Inter reader agreement was calculated for each finding. Results: Fifty nine CT cases, which included scans of 34 males and 25 female patients with a mean age of 37.4±12.5 years were reviewed. There was near perfect to substantial agreement between the two radiologists on various findings (kappa > 0.75). MIP images of 6-10 mm slab thickness were best suited to detect smaller nodules, assess vessel size in areas of mosaic attenuation and detect dense lesions in images with poor breath hold. The MIP images of 2-5 mm thickness were useful in detecting the location in relation to secondary pulmonary lobule, reticular densities and crazy-paving densities. Conclusion: The MIP being an easy to use and readily available post processing technique, when used with volumetric HRCT dataset of thorax enhanced the value of HRCT in detecting various lesions.
Subclavian Vein Cannulation and its Common Technical Errors, Failure Rates and Complications: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Govande Pravinkumar Chandramani , Aasole Ankush Gangaram , Bomble Sunil Navasaji , Phad Ravikumar Nathrao , Gupta Kartik Chandrakant
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Central Venous Catheter (CVC) is indicated when peripheral vein administration is not possible which can be inserted via different routes. CVC play a significant role in the therapeutic armamentarium of the surgeon and intensivist. The subclavian vein is the most frequently used access site but is associated with certain risks and failures. Aim: To study common technical errors, failure rate and complications associated with subclavian cannulation. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study carried out on 100 patients admitted from October 2017 to October 2020 for various surgical diseases in a Swami Ramanand Teerth Rural Government Medical College, Ambajogai, Maharashtra, India, requiring CVC placement. Subclavian vein cannulation (SVC) technique was done as standard method. Surgeon or anaesthetist who was performing the procedure noted the number of insertion attempts, failures and complications. Data was collected and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 and paired t-test. Level of significance was set at p-value <0.05. Results: Total of 100 patients included in the study, 57 (57%) were male with mean age of 61±14.2 years and 43 (43%) were female with mean age of 58±11.7 years. SVC was successfully done in all 100 cases but in 236 attempts. Thus, 136 attempts were failure and the overall failure rate was 57.62%. On an average there are 2.4 failed attempts per line. The most common technical error observed was improper site for needle insertion relative to the clavicle 27.94% followed by insertion of the needle through the clavicular periosteum 25.74%. The overall complication rate was 9% and most common complications was haematoma in 6%, catheter site infection 2% and pneumothorax in 1%. Conclusion: Subclavian vein catheterisation is an important invasive procedure often performed to administer drugs, haemodynamic monitoring and total parenteral nutrition. It is associated with high failure rate and complications due to technical errors of judgement leading to multiple attempts of needle insertion. They can be minimised with knowledge of anatomical landmarks, ultrasound guidance and Subclavian Vein Cannulation (SVC) personnel experience.
Stochastic Analysis of the Impact of Growth-Rates on Stock Market Prices in Nigeria
Authors: Amadi I. U. , Igbudu R. , Azor P. A.
Published: February 2022

A stochastic analysis of stock market expected returns and Growth-rates were investigated. The precise conditions for obtaining the drifts, volatilities and Growth-rates of four different stocks were also considered herein. From the stochastic analysis of the model; systems of non-linear stochastic differential equations were developed by means of covariance matrix solution on the stochastic part of the expected returns of investors while the deterministic part a function of the drift parameter as a mean column vector. A condition were imposed that multiplied drift parameter by one and solving simultaneously to obtain future stock prices. From the estimated growth-rates shows severe depletion of securities which are indexed by per thousands of naira leading to financial liquation. Also there are also good increases in growth rate values which dominantly indicate high stock returns over the trading period. This remark leads to a favorable profit margin on the aspect of investors. These are obtainable and conferred in this paper.
Chronic Urogenital Schistosomiasis among In-School Adolescents in Sokoto, North-Western Nigeria
Authors: Jiya Fatima Bello , Jiya Nma Muhammed , Ibitoye Paul Kehinde , Mohammed Yahaya , Mohammad Ango Umar
Published: February 2022

Aims: To assess the prevalence, intensity, associated factors and predictors of chronic urogenital schistosomiasis among in-school adolescents in Sokoto.

Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional survey.

Place and Duration of Study: Secondary Schools in Sokoto metropolis, Sokoto State, Nigeria, between January and April 2018.

Methodology: A total of 590 apparently healthy secondary school students aged between 10 and 19 years in Sokoto metropolis were selected using multi-stage random sampling technique. Designed pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain relevant socio-demographic and clinical information. Urine specimen was obtained and subjected to urine analysis and microscopy for ova of Schistosoma haematobium. Data was analyzed using IBM-SPSS version 25.0.

Results: Mean age of subjects was 15.1 ±2.6 years. There were 334 (56.6%) males and 256 (43.4%) females. Majority 371 (62.9%) attended public secondary schools, most 264 (44.7%) were of middle socio-economic family status, and 300 (50.8%) were from rural community setting. The commonest source of water for domestic use was pipe-borne 203 (34.4%), and swimming was the predominant 55(9.3%) recreational water- related activity. The overall prevalence of chronic urogenital schistosomiasis was 22.9%, significantly (p<0.001) higher among males, with age group category 15-17 years mostly 59 (29.6%) affected. All 135 (100%) of the infected subjects had microscopic haematuria, 119 (88.2%) had proteinuria, and 108(80.0%) had leucocyturia. Age group category 15-17 years (p=0.027), male gender (p<0.001), low and middle social classes (p<0.001) respectively, and residence in rural community setting were independent predictors of chronic urogenital schistosomiasis infection. Majority 81(60.0%) of the infected respondents had light infection. Male gender was the only predictor (p=0.003) of intensity of infection.

Conclusions: Chronic urogenital schistosomiasis is prevalent among the subjects. Middle adolescence, male gender, swimming, rural community setting and low-middle socio-economic classes were independent predictors of infection.
Response of Nutrient and Weed Management Practices on Yield and Economics of Semi Dry Rice
Authors: Naganjali K. , Vani K. P. , Madhavi M.
Published: February 2022

A field experiment was laid out at College Farm, Agricultural College, Aswaraopet, Bhadradri Kothagudem Dist., Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Telangana State during kharif, 2016 and 2017. Experiment was laid out in split plot design with three treatments under main plots i.e. chemical fertilizer alone, integration of vermicompost and FYM along with inorganic fertilizers and four sub plots as weed management practices with pre and post-emergence herbicides along with hand weedings. Results revealed that highest grain and straw yields, gross and net returns were highest with 75% RDF + 25% N through vermicompost and Bispyribac sodium 10% SC @25 g ha-1 (Pre-Emg.) fb (Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10 % WP @ 25 g ha-1 + 2, 4-D 80% WP @ 0.5 kg a.i ha-1) + HW @ 50 DAS. However, B-C ratio did not show any significant influence with nutrient treatments while highest B-C ratio was found with Bispyribac sodium 10% SC @25 g ha-1 (Pre-Emg.) fb Hand weeding @ 20, 40 DAS.
Time to Negative Test Result among Patients with COVID-19: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Bob-Manuel Mienye , Omunakwe Hannah , Uzosike Tondor , Enyinnaya Stella , Wondah Faith , Alabi Ajibola
Published: February 2022

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a public health emergency, however, there is still limited data on the length of infectiveness of the disease especially in Nigeria. The aim of this study was to ascertain the duration of viral shedding in patients testing positive for COVID-19 to deduce the appropriate time to discharge SAR-CoV2 Positive patients from follow-up by the healthcare team in our setting.

Methods: In this retrospective study, time to a negative test result in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA was evaluated in a cohort of 490 patients who tested positive at the Satellite Molecular Laboratory of the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt.

Results: The mean age of the 490 patients was 39.8 ± 13.9. There were 379 (77.3%) males and 111 (22.7%) females. The mean duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection was approximately 15±2 days. When comparing patients who were tested twice with those who were tested more than two times, a significant difference between mean time to a negative result and the number of tests done was identified (t= P-Value = <0.001).

Conclusions: Findings from this study show that the average time of transition from a positive to negative PCR test result was approximately 15 days, regardless of the gender. This can provide an estimated duration of hospital stay among COVID-19 patients to prevent unnecessary healthcare costs and minimize re-infection.
Formulation of Silver Nanoparticles using Gymnema sylvestre Leaf Extract and In-vitro Anti-diabetic Activity
Authors: Chavan Ajinkya B. , Goyal Swapnil , Patel Ansar M.
Published: February 2022

Aim: Formulation of Silver Nanoparticles Using Gymnema sylvestre Leaf Extract and In-Vitro Anti-diabetic Activity.

Place and Duration of the Study: The present work has been carried out between April-2021 to July-2021 and at Mandasur University Mandsaur, Madhya Pradesh-458001.

Methodology: A versatile technique was implemented for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous and alcoholic extract of leaves of Gymnema sylvestre. The Ag-NP was subjected to UV, FTIR, XRD, and particle size analysis. The silver nanoparticles Gymnema sylvestre evaluated its anti-diabetic activity by inhibiting the enzymes α-amylase.

Results: The reduction of silver nitrate to silver nanoparticles was confirmed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer showing a typical resonance (SPR) at about 400 nm which is specific for Ag-NPs. In FT-IR analysis the strong band peak at 3355 cm-1 in the extract is vibration bands, which may be due to the overlapping of amine N-H stretching bands. SEM and EDX images reveal that the particles are spherical and the relatively uniform shape of the silver nanoparticles was confirmed in the range of 70-100 nm in extract, whereas DLS showed good zeta potential and less particle size.

Conclusions: The silver nanoparticles that were biologically synthesized from Gymnema sylvestre were economical, non-toxic, and environmentally benign. Due to the reducing and capping nature of the bioactive Phyto-compounds, present in the aqueous extracts. This extract is found to be suitable for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Synthesized silver nanoparticles exhibit the highest level of anti-diabetic activity by inhibiting carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes such as α-amylase. Therefore, synthesized nanoparticles can be a good therapeutic agent for controlling diabetes by inhibiting enzymes that hydrolyze carbohydrates.
High Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells Employing Quasi‐2D Ruddlesden‐Popper/Dion‐Jacobson Heterojunctions
Authors: Li Kang , Yue Shengli , Li Xing , Ahmad Nafees , Cheng Qian , Wang Boxin , Zhang Xuning , Li Shilin , Li Yanxun , Huang Gaosheng , Kang Hui , Yue Tong , Zafar Saud Uz , Zhou Huiqiong , Zhu Lina , Zhang Yuan
Published: February 2022

While 2D Ruddlesden‐Popper (RP) perovskites exhibit attractive opto‐electronic properties and stability for use in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), their complicated film‐forming processes often induce a non‐negligible level of defects that significantly undermine the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of PSCs. Here, the use of two organic ammonium salts with the same chain length, namely monoammonium (butylammonium iodide, BAI) and diammonium (1,4‐butanediamine dihydroiodide, BDAI2) for surface defect passivation of RP‐2D perovskite films of (AA)2MA4Pb5I16 (n = 5) are reported. It is found that the diammonium BDAI2 not only effectively reduces the defect density (similarly to using monoammonium BAI) but forms a Dion‐Jacobson (DJ) 2D structure to enhance interfacial charge extraction and suppress surface charge recombination. As a result, a boosted PCE of 18.34% has been obtained with a high open‐circuit voltage of 1.24 V. Owing to the enhanced structural integrity of the DJ phase, the RP‐2D/DJ‐2D perovskite heterojunction films exhibit supreme material robustness, which translates to the impressive environmental stability of devices, showing nearly zero‐degradation of the efficiency after 800 h of continuous thermal aging (60 °C) for 800 h. This work enriches the fundamental understanding of the impacts of the DJ‐2D structure on the surface properties of 2D perovskites.