bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Pan-African Ideology in Ethnic Power Sharing
Authors: Beiser-McGrath Janina , Erkiletian Sam , Metternich Nils W.
Published: November 2024

What are the conditions under which governments form more ethnically inclusive coalitions? Previous contributions highlight strategic incentives as well as colonial and precolonial legacies as determinants of ethnically inclusive government coalitions but overlook the impact of political mobilization during the decolonization period. We argue that ideological exposure and commitment to the Pan-African anticolonial movement played a vital role in African leaders’ decisions to share power with other ethnic communities. We leverage novel data on African government leaders’ attendance at decolonization-era Pan-African conferences through a unique collection of conference delegate lists. Accounting for rival mechanisms, we find that African political elites who attended Pan-African conferences formed ethnically more inclusive government coalitions when they became government leaders. Our findings imply that the ideological influence and commitment signaled by conference attendance affected political leaders’ approach to form more inclusive governments and that ethnic coalitions have systematically unexplored legacies in the Pan-African decolonization movement.
Modelling of the electron cyclotron emission burst from a laboratory tokamak plasma with loss-cone maser instability
Authors: Yu Guanying , Kramer Gerrit , Zhu Yilun , Austin Max , Denk Severin , Yoo Min-Gu , Li Xiaoliang , Zhao Bingzhe , Xie Ruifeng , Li Zeyu , Chen Ying , Liu Xianzi , Qiu Shasha , Xu Xinhang , Luhmann N.C.
Published: November 2024

The maser instability associated with the loss-cone distribution has been widely invoked to explain the radio bursts observed in the astrophysical plasma environment, such as aurora and corona. In the laboratory plasma of a tokamak, events reminiscent of these radio bursts have also been frequently observed as an electron cyclotron emission (ECE) burst in the microwave range (

$\mathrm{\sim }2{f_{\textrm{ce}}}$

near the last closed flux surface) during transient magnetohydrodynamic events. These bursts have a short duration of ~10 μs and display a radiation spectrum corresponding to a radiation temperature

${T_{e,\textrm{rad}}}$

of over

$30\ \textrm{keV}$

while the edge thermal electron temperature

${T_e}$

is only in the range of

$1\ \textrm{keV}$

. Suprathermal electrons can be generated through magnetic reconnection, and a loss-cone distribution can be generated through open stochastic field lines in the magnetic mirror of the near-edge region of a tokamak plasma. Radiation modelling shows that a sharp distribution gradient

$\partial f/\partial {v_ \bot } > 0$

at the loss-cone boundary can cause a negative absorption of ECE radiation through the maser instability. The negative absorption then amplifies the radiation so that the microwave intensity is significantly stronger than the thermal value. The significant

${T_{e,\textrm{rad}}}$

from the simulations suggests the potential role of the loss-cone maser instability in generating the ECE burst in a tokamak.
Nakoda Oyáde Ománi Agíktųža: Adapting the Canadian Indigenous Cognitive Assessment in a Nakoda First Nation Community
Authors: Rowat Julia , Akan Nicole , Furlano Joyla , Ferrow Letebrhan , Ashdohonk Felix , Smith Diane , Ryder Karen , O’Watch Theresa , Boehme Gail , Walker Jennifer
Published: November 2024

Increasing rates of dementia in First Nations populations require culturally grounded approaches to dementia diagnosis and care. To respond to the need for a culturally appropriate cognitive assessment tool, a national team of health services researchers and community partners, guided by a Nakoda Advisory Group, aimed to adapt the Canadian Indigenous Cognitive Assessment tool for a Nakoda First Nation in Carry the Kettle First Nation, Saskatchewan, Canada. The adaptation of the CICA for a Nakoda First Nation community resulted in a slightly modified version of the CICA signalling that the CICA requires minimal adaptation to be used in different First Nations contexts.
Contextual frequency effects in children’s phonetic variation: The case of Spanish word-initial /d/
Authors: Lease Sarah
Published: November 2024

Language variation is demonstrably affected by accumulated experiences reflecting the consequences of the contexts in which words are most frequently used. Yet, these contextual frequency effects are seldom explored in children’s speech. This study uses a corpus-based approach to investigate how 29 Spanish-speaking children, aged 5–15, realize word-initial Spanish /d/ as a function of accumulated experiences with /d/-initial words in articulatory contexts that promote reduction. Contextual frequency effects are also examined in 12 Spanish-speaking adults from the children’s community. Cumulative experience is estimated as the form’s frequency of occurrence in a specific context that promotes a specific variant. Results reveal contextual frequency effects in both the child and adult data. Moreover, the extent of the contextual frequency effect is comparable across generations.
Exploring past visual experiences: a comparative analysis of three approaches to things and light in Roman interiors
Authors: Grawehr Matthias
Published: November 2024

Research in Roman interior design and wall painting has undergone two major shifts in the past century. The first, in the 1980s, steered away from the tradition of purely art historical studies that had elucidated the basic principles of artistic developments, iconographies, and pictorial programs. Instead, researchers focused on the Roman house as a social space, with private and public zones inhabited by individuals of different social standing. The second shift, occurring in the new millennium, saw researchers returning to the decoration of the house; however, they were now more intrigued by the cognition and reception of the paintings and how they were conceived to create atmospheres, mnemonic paths, and impressions on their viewers. Simultaneously, important insights into the often-multifunctional use of space were provided by finds analysis.
Subnational Roads to National Success? Decentralization and the Rise of Populist Parties in Europe
Authors: Cabeza Pérez Laura
Published: November 2024

The rise of populist parties in Europe has generated an enormous amount of academic literature. Previous research has thoroughly examined the factors contributing to the electoral success of populist parties. Surprisingly, very little attention has been paid to the role of decentralization, one of the most widespread forms of governance in the world. This paper aims to fill this gap by presenting a theoretical and empirical account of the effect of decentralization on the electoral fortunes of populist parties in Europe. Using aggregated data from election results in 30 European countries, this paper puts competing hypotheses to the test. I argue that the mechanism linking decentralization and populist parties’ national election results is, in fact, indirect and depends on the existence of a regional tier of government. Results suggest that having representation in subnational parliaments plays a significant role in the national success of populist parties, and this effect is contingent on the degree of regional authority.
Rechtsextremismus – Eine Bedrohung für die Pflege
Authors: Krause Petra , Postel Sandra
Published: November 2024

Was ist zu diesem Thema bereits bekannt?

Rechtsextremismus stellt eine wachsende Gefahr für die gesellschaftliche Integration und Sicherheit dar. In der Pflege ist die Vielfalt an Nationalitäten und Kulturen besonders ausgeprägt.

Wie wird eine neue Perspektive eingebracht?

Der Artikel betont die besondere Rolle der Pflegefachpersonen als Bollwerk gegen Extremismus und fordert die aktive Teilnahme an demokratischen Prozessen.

Was sind die Auswirkungen für die Praxis?

Führungskräfte und Pflegefachpersonen müssen proaktiv gegen Diskriminierung und für Inklusion eintreten. Die Teilnahme an Wahlen wird als wichtiger Schritt gegen die Ausbreitung rechtsextremer Ideologien hervorgehoben.
Psychometric Assessment of the Bangla Version of General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12)
Authors: Islam Azharul , Siraji Musfiqul Anwar , Shaoli Salowa Salam , Jerin Raisa , Elahi S. M. Fazle , Ahmed Tanvir , Jahan Nusrat , Sultana Sharmin , Alom Md. Firoj , Sazzad Pintu Md. Parvez , Mir Reeva , Das Prianka Shankar , Haque Shamsul
Published: November 2024

Abstract: The Bangla-translated 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) has been widely used in Bangladesh, but no attempt has been made to assess its psychometric properties. We investigated the latent structure, item quality, and differential item functioning of the Bangla GHQ-12 among 788 Bangladeshi adults (197 clinical outpatients and 591 nonclinical university students). A split-half exploratory factor analysis supported a unidimensional structure, confirmed by a bifactor model with the best fit (CFI = .96; TLI = .99; SRMR = .02; RMSEA = .06) in confirmatory factor analysis. The scale demonstrated excellent reliability (ordinal α = .96; McDonald’s ω t = .97) and known-group validity (clinical vs. nonclinical subgroups, t = 290.21, p < .001; Cohen’s d = 1.46). Item response theory-based analysis indicated reliability and coverage across the general mental health continuum (θ = −3 to 3). While no item bias was found across genders, two items were more sensitive to clinical outpatients. We recommend the Bangla GHQ-12 as a unified tool for assessing general mental health and psychological distress among Bangladeshi nationals.
Pollution Source Detection With Low‐Cost Low‐Accuracy Sensors Through Coupling Forward Data Assimilation and Inverse Optimization
Authors: Zhang Chi , Zhu Zhe , Li Yu , Du Erhu , Sun Yan , Liu Zhihong
Published: November 2024

Data uncertainty affects the accuracy of pollution source detection (PSD), particularly in the background of low‐cost water quality sensing and low‐accuracy data challenge. This study aims to develop a novel PSD method to use low‐accuracy sensor data, namely, the method of coupled forward data Assimilation and inverse Optimization in PSD (A&O‐PSD). This approach primarily employs filtering strategies to handle observation errors and extract hidden trend information during forward water quality data assimilation, and then optimal estimation of pollution source information through inverse optimization with enhanced trend information matching, avoiding the non‐Gaussian distribution challenge of pollution source information. Both real‐world pollution events and semi‐synthetic cases were used to evaluate the methodology and compare its performance with the traditional optimization approach (T‐PSD). The results indicated that T‐PSD is significantly affected by observational and parameter noise, engendering noticeable biases in PSD under the low‐accuracy sensor conditions. In contrast, the A&O‐PSD could accomplish the estimation task of PSD in real‐world pollution events, with improved robustness against noise interference. Furthermore, A&O‐PSD achieved an accuracy improvement of over 10% compared to T‐PSD in estimating pollution source locations within the typical noise distribution range of most low‐accuracy sensors currently available, making it possible to use low‐accuracy data that would otherwise be unusable in T‐PSD. Overall, the A&O‐PSD method, combined with low‐cost low‐accuracy water quality sensing, offers an effective solution for watershed environmental management.
New Rules for Catastrophic River Avulsion
Authors: Pathak Sushmita
Published: November 2024

Scientists thought two factors influencing river avulsion were unrelated, but new research suggests they may be working in tandem. The findings could help predict new river pathways and improve disaster preparedness.
An Assessment of Subseasonal Prediction Skill of the Antarctic Sea Ice Edge
Authors: Gao Yuchun , Xiu Yongwu , Nie Yafei , Luo Hao , Yang Qinghua , Zampieri Lorenzo , Lv Xianqing , Uotila Petteri
Published: November 2024

In this study, the subseasonal Antarctic sea ice edge prediction skill of the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) and Subseasonal to Seasonal (S2S) projects was evaluated by a probabilistic metric, the spatial probability score (SPS). Both projects provide subseasonal to seasonal scale forecasts of multiple coupled dynamical systems. We found that predictions by individual dynamical systems remain skillful for up to 38 days (i.e., the ECMWF system). Regionally, dynamical systems are better at predicting the sea ice edge in the West Antarctic than in the East Antarctic. However, the seasonal variations of the prediction skill are partly system‐dependent as some systems have a freezing‐season bias, some had a melting‐season bias, and some had a season‐independent bias. Further analysis reveals that the model initialization is the crucial prerequisite for skillful subseasonal sea ice prediction. For those systems with the most realistic initialization, the model physics dictates the propagation of initialization errors and, consequently, the temporal length of predictive skill. Additionally, we found that the SPS‐characterized prediction skill could be improved by increasing the ensemble size to gain a more realistic ensemble spread. Based on the C3S systems, we constructed a multi‐model forecast from the above principles. This forecast consistently demonstrated a superior prediction skill compared to individual dynamical systems or statistical observation‐based benchmarks. In summary, our results elucidate the most important factors (i.e., the model initialization and the model physics) affecting the currently available subseasonal Antarctic sea ice prediction systems and highlighting the opportunities to improve them significantly.
Simulation of the Changing Insolation‐Precipitation Relationship Over East Asia During the Holocene
Authors: Shi Jian , Zhou Fang , Ma Qiyun
Published: November 2024

Although summer insolation decreased continuously throughout the Holocene, geological evidence suggests that precipitation over North and South China exhibited out‐of‐phase variations before the middle Holocene, followed by in‐phase variations afterward. This proxy‐based altered relationship between insolation and East Asian precipitation is also obvious in an accelerated transient Holocene experiment. The simulation indicates that the East Asian summer monsoon strength directly responds to the insolation change, failing to explain the varying insolation‐precipitation relationship. However, the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) can modulate the moisture transport over East Asia, playing a crucial role in shaping the precipitation response to insolation. During the Holocene, the position and intensity of WPSH are determined not only by changes in insolation but also by changes in its meridional gradient, which could explain the shift in the insolation‐precipitation relationship around the middle Holocene. This conclusion provides a possible mechanism for the asynchronous Holocene optimum of East Asian precipitation.
Neurodevelopmental follow-up care pathways and processes for children with congenital heart disease in Australia
Authors: Abell Bridget , Rodwell David , Eagleson Karen J. , Auld Ben , Bora Samudragupta , Kasparian Nadine A. , Justo Robert , Parsonage William , McPhail Steven M.
Published: November 2024

Background

International consensus exists for neurodevelopmental follow-up care of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) to support timely intervention for developmental delays. Yet, documentation of how this care is implemented in Australia is lacking. This study aimed to identify, categorise, and understand care pathways and services supporting neurodevelopmental follow-up of Australian children with CHD.

Methods

A qualitative study, using semi-structured virtual interviews with healthcare professionals across Australia involved in neurodevelopmental care of children with CHD (n = 52) was conducted. Data was analysed using a rapid qualitative approach including structured templates, data reduction, and inductive-deductive analysis of matrices to synthesise data.

Results

Most neurodevelopmental follow-up was delivered as pathways through existing healthcare services rather than centre-based cardiac programmes. Service availability and accessibility varied across the country. Community-based primary care services, paediatric clinics, child development services, neonatal follow-up programmes, and allied health providers were commonly accessed pathway components. However, participants reported a lack of formal structures to coordinate care pathways.

Conclusions

The study identifies how cardiac neurodevelopmental follow-up in Australia can be embedded into existing services and adapted to meet local needs and contexts. Future approaches will benefit from integrating, leveraging, and growing existing services, although adoption of new models may be needed.

Impact

This study found neurodevelopmental follow-up care for children with CHD in Australia to be delivered as pathways through existing services rather than the centre-based cardiac follow-up programmes common in North America.

Our study describes alternate options, including providers in community settings, that can be used for follow-up care delivery and how these can adapted to local context.

Future approaches will benefit from integrating, leveraging, and growing existing services, although adoption of new models may be needed. Greater systematic coordination of care pathways is still required to optimise service delivery, inform planning, and support implementation of national standards of care.
Determination of the inhomogeneous deswelling of thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropyl methacrylamide) microgels by combining dynamic light scattering, high-speed atomic force microscopy, and electrophoresis
Authors: Nishizawa Yuichiro , Inui Takumi , Uchihashi Takayuki , Suzuki Daisuke
Published: November 2024

Poly(N-isopropyl methacrylamide) microgels with a uniform size of approximately 250 nm in their swollen state were synthesized via aqueous free-radical precipitation polymerization. The electrodynamic phenomena of the microgels were analyzed quantitatively using Ohshima’s equation, which explains the electrodynamic phenomena of natural and artificial soft colloids. The thermoresponsive deswelling of the microgels with increasing temperature was investigated by combining electrophoresis with dynamic light scattering and high-speed atomic force microscopy. Based on the obtained results, a plausible mechanism for the structural change during microgel deswelling is proposed, in which the core dwells first and the outermost surface dwells last.
Free 25(OH)D3 levels in follicular ovarian fluid top-quality embryos are higher than non-top-quality embryos in the normoresponders group
Authors: Putri Susilo Artha Falentin , Syam Hanom Husni , Bayuaji Hartanto , Rachmawati Anita , Halim Binarwan , Permadi Wiryawan , Djuwantono Tono
Published: November 2024

Vitamin D and calcium in follicular fluid play an important role in modulating steroidogenesis, folliculogenesis, and oocyte quality determination. Both collaborate to produce top-quality embryos (TQE) during in vitro fertilization (IVF). In this study, we compared free 25(OH)D3 and calcium levels in follicular fluid between TQE and non-TQE groups. This cross-sectional study included women who underwent IVF procedures at tertiary hospitals in Bandung, Indonesia. Ovarian follicular fluid was collected during the ovum pick-up procedure. The examination of 25(OH)D3 levels, vitamin d-binding protein, and calcium in the follicles was done using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Free 25(OH)D3 levels were calculated using the Vermeulen formula. A total of 173 samples met the study criteria, including 86 subjects in the TQE group and 87 subjects in the non-TQE group. There was a significant difference in free 25(OH)D3 follicular fluid levels between the TQE and non-TQE groups (p = 0.017); however, there was no significant difference in calcium levels between the two groups (p = 0.805). We also found that there was a significant association between free 25(OH)D3 follicular fluid levels and embryo quality (OR 3.05, 95% CI 1.46–6.38; p-value = 0.002); however, there was no significant association between follicular fluid calcium and embryo quality [p = 0.144 and OR, 1.74 (95% CI 0.82–3.68)]. The results suggest that free 25(OH)D3 and calcium in the follicular fluid act independently during steroidogenesis, folliculogenesis, and fertilization.
Influence of thermal-cycling or staining medium on the surface properties and color stability of conventional, milled, and 3D-printed base materials
Authors: Zhang Ruo-Jin , Zhao Lan , Yu Lu-Xiang , Tan Fa-Bing
Published: November 2024

The study of denture base resin fabricated by digital technology with surface properties or color stability remains limited. In this study, thermal cycling and staining media (distilled water, artificial saliva, green tea, and Coca-Cola) immersion were used to simulate the intraoral environment to assess the surface properties and color stability of CAD/CAM (milled) and 3D-printed base resin materials, the conventionally polymerized base served as the control group. After thermal cycling, all groups showed increased surface roughness, contact angle (i.e. hydrophilicity) and color difference (∆E), the 3D-printed group had the most significant increase among the 3 groups (P<0.001). While there were no significant difference (or the difference is very small) between the conventional and milled groups. After 7 and 30 days of immersion in four staining media, the ∆E values remained highest in the 3D-printed group (∆E ≥ 3.34) (P<0.001), exceeding the clinically acceptable threshold (∆E = 2.7) at 30 days. Additionally, all groups showed significantly higher ∆E values after 30 days compared to 7 days (P<0.05). The 3D-printed group exhibited a rougher surface, poorer hydrophilicity, and reduced color stability compared to the conventional or milled groups, indicating that further improvements are needed before clinical application.
Statistical design approach enables optimised mechanical lysis for enhanced long-read soil metagenomics
Authors: Barber Daniel G. , Child Harry T. , Joslin Gabrielle R. , Wierzbicki Lucy , Tennant Richard K.
Published: November 2024

Metagenomic analysis has enabled insights into soil community structure and dynamics. Long-read sequencing for metagenomics can enhance microbial ecology by improving taxonomic classification, genome assembly, and functional annotation. However, protocols for purifying high-molecular weight DNA from soil are not yet optimised. We used a statistical design of experiments approach to enhance mechanical lysis of soil samples, increasing the length of purified DNA fragments. Low energy input into mechanical lysis improved DNA integrity, resulting in longer sequenced reads. Our optimized settings of 4 m s−1 for 10 s increased fragment length by 70% compared to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Longer reads from low intensity lysis produced longer contiguous sequences after assembly, potentially improving a range of down-stream analyses. Importantly, there was minimal bias exhibited in the microbial community composition due to lysis efficiency variations. We therefore propose a framework for improving the fragment lengths of DNA purified from diverse soil types, improving soil science research with long-read sequencing.
New talent: Americas 2024
Authors: Storr Tim , Matson Ellen , Ibarra Ilich
Published: November 2024

Tim Storr, Ellen Matson and Ilich Ibarra introduce the Dalton Transactions themed issue “New talent: Americas 2024”.
Visible light induced hydroxyfluoroalkylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with N-trifluoroethoxyphthalimide under catalyst-free conditions
Authors: Liu Liting , Liu Jing , Li Siqi , Yang Mengfei , Zhao Xia , Lu Kui
Published: November 2024

A catalyst-free hydroxyfluoroalkylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with N-trifluoroethoxyphthalimides was developed.
Accurately Identifying Language Disorder in School-Age Children Using Dynamic Assessment of Narrative Language
Authors: Petersen Douglas B. , Konishi-Therkildsen Alisa , Clark Kallie Dawn , DeRobles Anahi Kamila , Frahm Ashley Elizabeth , Jones Kristi , Lettich Camryn , Spencer Trina D.
Published: November 2024

Purpose:

Several studies have demonstrated that dynamic assessment can be a less biased, valid approach for the identification of language disorder among diverse school-age children. However, all prior studies have included a relatively small number of participants, which is generally not adequate for psychometric research. This is the first large-scale study to (a) examine whether a dynamic assessment of narrative language yields indifferent outcomes regardless of several demographic variables including age, race/ethnicity, multilingualism, or gender; (b) examine the sensitivity and specificity of the dynamic assessment of language among a large sample of students with and without language disorder; and (c) identify specific cut-points by grade to provide clinically useful data.

Method:

Participants included 634 diverse first- through fifth-grade students with and without language learning disorder. Students were confirmed as having a language disorder using a triangulation technique involving several sources of data. A dynamic assessment of narrative language, which took approximately 10 min, was administered to all students.

Results:

Results indicated that the dynamic assessment had excellent (> 90%) sensitivity and specificity and that modifiability scores were not meaningfully different across any of the demographic variables.

Conclusions:

The dynamic assessment of narrative language accurately identified language disorder across all student demographic groups. These findings suggest that dynamic assessment may provide less biased classification than traditional, static forms of assessment.
Spiking neural network tactile classification method with faster and more accurate membrane potential representation
Authors: Yang Jing , Yu Zukun , Ji Xiaoyang , Su Zhidong , Li Shaobo , Cao Yang
Published: November 2024

Robot perception is an important topic in artificial intelligence field, and tactile recognition in particular is indispensable for human–computer interaction. Efficiently classifying data obtained by touch sensors has long been an issue. In recent years, spiking neural networks (SNNs) have been widely used in tactile data categorisation due to their temporal information processing benefits, low power consumption, and high biological dependability. However, traditional SNN classification methods often encounter under‐convergence when using membrane potential representation, decreasing their classification accuracy. Meanwhile, due to the time‐discrete nature of SNN models, classification requires a significant time overhead, which restricts their real‐time tactile sensing application potential. Considering these concerns, the authors propose a faster and more accurate SNN tactile classification approach using improved membrane potential representation. This method effectively overcomes model convergence problems by optimising the membrane potential expression and the relationship between the loss function and network parameters while significantly reducing the time overhead and enhancing the classification accuracy and robustness of the model. The experimental results show that the propose approach improves the classification accuracy by 4.16% and 2.71% and reduces the overall time by 8.00% and 8.14% on the EvTouch‐Containers dataset and EvTouch‐Objects dataset, respectively, when compared with existing models.
Welding defect detection with image processing on a custom small dataset: A comparative study
Authors: Szőlősi József , Szekeres Béla J. , Magyar Péter , Adrián Bán , Farkas Gábor , Andó Mátyás
Published: November 2024

This work focuses on detecting defects in welding seams using the most advanced You Only Look Once (YOLO) algorithms and transfer learning. To this end, the authors prepared a small dataset of images using manual welding and compared the performance of the YOLO v5, v6, v7, and v8 methods after two‐step training. Key findings reveal that YOLOv7 demonstrates superior performance, suggesting its potential as a valuable tool in automated welding quality control. The authors’ research underscores the importance of model selection. It lays the groundwork for future exploration in larger datasets and varied welding scenarios, potentially contributing to defect detection practices in manufacturing industries. The dataset and the code repository links are also provided to support our findings.
HOLISMOKES
Authors: Grupa J. , Taubenberger S. , Suyu S. H. , Huber S. , Vogl C. , Sluse D.
Published: November 2024

The Hubble tension is one of the most relevant unsolved problems in cosmology today. Strongly gravitationally lensed transient objects, such as strongly lensed supernovae, are an independent and competitive probe that can be used to determine the Hubble constant. In this context, the time delay between different images of lensed supernovae is a key ingredient. We present a method to retrieve time delays and the amount of differential dust extinction between multiple images of lensed type IIP supernovae (SNe IIP) through their color curves, which display a kink in the time evolution. With several realistic mock color curves based on an observed SN (not strongly lensed) from the Carnegie Supernova Project (CSP), our results show that we can determine the time delay with an uncertainty of approximately ± 1.0 days. This is achievable with light curves with a 2-day time interval and up to 35% missing data due to weather-related losses. Accounting for additional factors such as microlensing, seeing, shot noise from the host and lens galaxies, and blending of the SN images would likely increase the estimated uncertainties. Differentiated dust extinction is more susceptible to uncertainties because it depends on imposing the correct extinction law. Further, we also investigate the kink structure in the color curves for different rest-frame wavelength bands, particularly rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) light curves from the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory (SWIFT), finding sufficiently strong kinks for our method to work for typical lensed SN redshifts that would redshift the kink feature to optical wavelengths. With the upcoming Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), hundreds of strongly lensed supernovae will be detected, and our new method for lensed SN IIP is readily applicable to provide delays.
Cosmic-ray-induced chemical processes in CH3OH, CH3NH2, and CH3OH:CH3NH2 ices
Authors: Keresztes Barbara , Góbi Sándor , Schneiker Anita , Bazsó Gábor , Tarczay György
Published: November 2024

Aims. Icy mantles on interstellar dust grains are considered key contributors to the chemical complexity of the interstellar medium (ISM). Gas-phase molecules in the ISM can adsorb onto these icy surfaces, where chemical reactions can be induced by ultraviolet (UV) or cosmic ray (CR) irradiation. The resulting molecules can subsequently desorb, thereby altering the composition of the gas phase in the ISM. Therefore, studying astrochemically relevant reactions within ices is essential for advancing our understanding of astrochemistry.

Methods. We conducted experiments with pure methanol (CH3OH), pure methylamine (CH3NH2), and CH3OH:CH3NH2 ices. To simulate CR effects, ices were irradiated with 5 keV electrons. We integrated the advantages of ice experiments and noble gas matrix experiments by performing two distinct investigations on each sample. During temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), chemical changes in the ice samples were monitored using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. In addition, the desorbing molecules were trapped in an Ar matrix through a following experiment. This TPD-matrix-isolation (TPD-MI) redeposition process enabled FTIR spectroscopic identification of the desorbed species.

Results. The results obtained from experiments with CH3OH and CH3NH2 ices are consistent with previous studies. Additionally, the TPD-MI redeposition process enabled the identification of several species previously not detected clearly and directly in pure CH3OH or CH3NH2 ices, including molecules such as HCOOH, HCN, and CH2CHNH. Our experiments with CH3OH:CH3NH2 mixtures revealed the formation of several nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic species (CH3NHCH2OH, NH2CH2OH, NH2CH2CH2OH, and HNCO), which are potential precursors to prebiotic molecules in the ISM. Therefore, these experiments provide valuable insights into the chemical evolution in space.
Red wine color: the role of polymeric pigments and pyranoanthocyanins in SO2 bleachable methods
Authors: Heras-Roger Jesús , Darias-Rosales Javier , Díaz-Romero Carlos
Published: November 2024

In this work, copigmentation assay described by Boulton and the “chemical age” indices proposed by Somers and Evans in wine were critically reviewed and updated. In particular, the influence of polymeric pigments and pyranoanthocyanins on color is reassessed. The current analytical understanding of these pigments should be taken into account when applying both methods, as some implicit considerations about SO2 bleaching are presumably affected by their chemical structure. The differences between Anthocyanin-Tannin (AT) and Tannin-Anthocyanin (TA) polymeric pigments are carefully described, as well as the importance of pyranoanthocyanin contribution to the color. As a result, and considering current scientific knowledge, the true meanings of terms such as polymeric pigments and free anthocyanins in both analytical methods have been reviewed. Some possible research lines to improve these reliable and fast methods have been proposed.
Sustainable Development, Natural Resource Funds and Education Investment: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Hidayat Bachtari Alam , Faturohim Agus , Hermawan Arfan , Suherli Mardian , Saksono Herie , Shinoda Kunihiko
Published: November 2024

Sustainable development entails a developmental pathway that maximizes the utilization of natural and human resources while ensuring their harmonious integration into the developmental framework. Environmental stewardship, which yields social, economic, and cultural advantages, should adhere to principles of caution, environmental inclusivity, decentralization, and acknowledgment of, as well as reverence for, indigenous wisdom and ecological integrity. Community welfare can be achieved by meeting fundamental needs, one of which is education. Quality resources will be able to contribute to more sophisticated technological advances so as to increase production efficiency. This study analyzes the role of the Natural Resources Revenue Sharing Fund (DBH SDA) on government investment in education in 491 districts/cities in Indonesia using panel data regression analysis. The results of the analysis showed that per capita DBH SDA in Indonesia in the 2010-2012 research period had a positive and significant influence on government investment in education. The selection of the period was based on the consideration that there had been a resource boom during which the world’s demand for natural resource commodities increased, followed by an increase in commodity prices, so that it had a positive impact on increasing the source of revenue for countries or regions that had an abundance of natural resources.
The Organizational Communication Model in Waste Management Education for Children
Authors: Calista Ladyva Aurellia , Kurniawan Dani , Amalin Khusnul , Shovmayanti Noor Afy , Prakosa Farid Aji , Ifani Muhammad Zulfi , Arumsari Fransiska Anggun
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the effectiveness of organizational communication in implementing environmental waste management education for children residing at the Muhammadiyah Orphanage in Nanggulan, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. By using a descriptive qualitative approach and applying symbolic interactionism theory, the research aims to uncover patterns of communication that contribute to the successful internalization and practice of waste management among the orphanage’s children. The findings show that 80% of the foster children have successfully adopted proper waste management practices through topdown and bottom-up communication flows, reinforced by direct examples from caregivers. However, 20% of the children, primarily those of elementary school age, have yet to fully embrace the program. This study highlights the importance of structured communication models in fostering environmental responsibility and suggests the need for continuous educational efforts tailored to younger children.
Principles of Agile Governance in Digitalization Tourism Villages: Studies on E-lok in the Sambirejo Tourism Village
Authors: Sabarna Muhammad Akbar Nugraha , Purnomo Eko Priyo , Khairunnisa Tiara
Published: November 2024

This study aims to determine the Principles of Agile Governance in the Digitalization of Tourism Villages. This research takes a case study in Sambirejo Village, Sleman, Special Region of Yogyakarta, as one of the villages that has implemented the principles of Agile Governance in the form of E-Loket as a form of digitizing Tourism Villages. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive research type, with the main data obtained from several mass media such as online news. The data obtained was also analyzed by software analysis with the crosstab feature in NVivo 12 plus. In addition, the data were analyzed using interactive model techniques through three aspects of analysis, including: data reduction, presentation and conclusion. The theoretical basis used in this study is to use three (3) principles of agile governance put forward by Luna, Krutchen, and Moura: Based on Quick Wins, Human Focused, Simple design and continuous improvement. So that the results of the research can find out the principles of Agile Governance in the Digitalization of tourist villages: Studies on E-lok of the Sambirejo Tourism Village.
Inclusive Development through Smart Environmental Strategies and Digital Innovation: Empowering Informal Businesses in Semarang, Indonesia
Authors: Fridayani Helen Dian , Hakim Muhammad Lukman , Chiang Li Chun
Published: November 2024

This study explores the potential of smart environmental strategies to foster a sustainable and inclusive in Semarang, Indonesia. Drawing on contingency theory, the research investigates how digital tools and environmental business can be adapted to the specific needs and challenges faced by informal businesses within the city’s economic landscape. A SWOT analysis framework is employed to identify the internal Strengths and Weaknesses of Semarang’s business ecosystem, alongside the external Opportunities and Threats presented by the digital and environmental landscape. By aligning these factors with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the research proposes a framework for leveraging smart environmental strategies. The findings contribute to knowledge on fostering inclusivity and sustainability in smart cities by bridging the gap between formal and informal sectors through the strategic use of technology and environmental practices. MSME owners in Semarang demonstrate strong passion and tenacity in maintaining their businesses. However, limitations in resources and participation in government programs hinder their full potential.
Empowering university waste management awareness and action with a prototype web application for sustainable change
Authors: Regar Cheryl Lidia , Suryatiningsih Suryatiningsih , Budiwati Sari Dewi
Published: November 2024

The challenge of waste management in Indonesia is a pressing environmental issue, exacerbated by the substantial waste output of institutions like Telkom University Bandung. To tackle this issue, we developed a comprehensive web-based information system aimed at optimizing waste management practices within the university context. Utilizing cutting-edge technology and innovative methodologies, our system offers real-time monitoring, precise data recording, and incentives for waste segregation. In this study, we not only focused on the development of the system but also conducted a comparative analysis involving three other waste management applications, each employing different methodologies. Our findings indicate a promising response to our system, with 68.5% of participants acknowledging its potential efficacy in transforming waste management practices. However, it’s essential to recognize that waste management is a multifaceted issue requiring a collaborative effort. Thus, future endeavors will involve not only the implementation of our system within Telkom University but also active engagement with the university community and stakeholders. Furthermore, we plan to pilot the system, establish volunteer programs, and foster partnerships to ensure its long-term success and sustainability. By integrating technology, community participation, and strategic collaborations, our initiative aims to instill a waste-free culture not only within Telkom University but also across other academic institutions in Indonesia. Ultimately, our goal is to contribute to the national objective of achieving zero waste and promoting environmental sustainability.
Environmental Awareness Agro-education Training Participants in School Community: Case in Elementary School Brajan Tamantirto Village, Yogyakarta
Authors: Triyono  , Mamnuah  , Kamarudin Mohd Fauzi , Triono Bagus , Abduhu Muhammad
Published: November 2024

Population growth has an impact on socioeconomic and environmental conditions, namely an increase in demand for food and shelter which can reduce environmental quality. Therefore, agro-education is expected to overcome these problems. This study aims to analyze the environmental awareness of agro-education training participants as the first step to solve the problem of food needs and a sustainable quality environment. Interviews using questionnaires were conducted on 78 respondents consisting of teachers, students, parents and communities who had attended agro-education training. The data were analyzed descriptively to illustrate the environmental awareness of the trainees. The results of the study show that the environmental awareness of training participants is high, but the attitude of appreciation of environmentally friendly, environmentally friendly habits and innovations still needs strengthening. Intensive assistance is still needed for the implementation of environmental awareness so that they can manage natural resources and the environment in a sustainable manner.
Revealing the Meaning of Religiosity in Overcoming FOMO in the Digital Age Among Students
Authors: Mirawati Mirawati , Suud Fitriah M. , Ismail Faisal Bin Husein
Published: November 2024

This study aims to reveal the meaning of religiosity in overcoming fear of missing out (FOMO) in the digital era among students. FOMO, the fear of missing out on opportunities to participate in social activities that are considered interesting, is often exacerbated by intensive social media use. College students, as active users of digital technology, are particularly vulnerable to the negative impacts of FOMO, including anxiety and stress. This research uses a qualitative approach with an indepth interview method to understand how religious values help students deal with FOMO. The results showed that religiosity provides a stable frame of mind, emotional support, and moral guidance that allows students to be calmer and focus on the more essential things in life. Religious practices such as prayer and meditation have also been found to be effective in relieving anxiety and improving mental well-being. This research provides insight into the importance of religiosity as an effective coping mechanism to overcome FOMO, as well as contributes to the development of intervention strategies that can improve the psychological well-being of students in the digital age.
Coverage Patterns of News in Digital Media During the 2024 Political Year
Authors: Sukmono Filosa Gita , Kencana Adinda Putri Surya , Junaedi Fajar
Published: November 2024

Election General 2024 records story new in the world of politics in Indonesia, p This because role millennial in voice opinion until thinking they like criticism and praise Keep going flying in online media. Voter millennial is voters largest in Indonesia, and role they very important in increase participation election , no disinclined they also highlight a number of circulating news moment this , especially at this time Media elections are not there are neutral , and have its interests individually . This is what causes the perpetrators political moment This more be careful in do campaign in online media. Moment Election online media plays a role important to the couple candidate in socialize ideas and ideas , besides it also makes things easier they in reach more targets big Again . Not Rarely, online news media is also one of them target in do campaign , because Still many Indonesians are more believe the news from trusted media than social media from each candidate . This is what causes media journalists to look for it method in anticipate coverage news political in 2024. So objective from study This is For describe How pattern coverage news Journalists in digital media, in the middle year politics 2024. Method research used is description qualitative with data collection via interview deep in some Media journalist in Yogyakarta.
The Usage of Instagram to Promote Pule Payung As a Community Based Tourism in Kulon Progo Regency, Yogyakarta
Authors: Rosilawati Yeni , Rafique Zain , Khatami Muhammad Iqbal
Published: November 2024

One of the provinces in Indonesia, namely the Special Region of Yogyakarta, has tried various things to restore the tourism economy in the area. Kulon Progo is one of the regency in the special Region of Yogyakarta that the areas that is developing its tourism potential. Kulon Progo regency offers various tourist destinations from natural tourism, cultural tourism, artificial tourism, to tourist villages. One of the Kulon Progo tourist destinations that is in the spotlight of tourists is Pule Payung Hill. This research used a qualitative descriptive approach with the focus on descriptive studies. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and documentation. The data was collected through in-depth interviews with the leader of Farmer’s Group, the manager of Social Media of Instagram (IG) of Pule Payung (@pulepayung) and the visitors of Pule Payung. Research found that marketing communication using Instagram (IG) consideredas an effective model of promotion in the Pule Payung. The kind of promotional content, the timing of posts, user interaction, and product visualization are some of the aspects that can affect students’ interest in signing up for an Instagram account implication.