bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on association rules of course grades based on parallel FP-Growth algorithm
Authors: Wang Xinyan , Jiao Guie
Published: February 2020

With the rapid growth of massive data in all walks of life, massive data faces enormous challenges such as storage capacity and computing power. In Chinese universities, traditional data analysis of student course cannot meet the growing demand for increasing data size and real-time computation of big data. In this paper, a parallel FP-Growth algorithm based on split is proposed. The established FP-Tree is split into blocks, and the split FP-Trees are equally divided into different nodes. The monitoring point is set up to monitor the operation of other nodes, dynamically migrate tasks and maintain load balancing. The experiment proves that each node has good load balancing with the given support degree, and the improved algorithm has better running performance than the classic FP-Growth algorithm in parallel processing. Finally, the parallel FP-Growth algorithm based on split is implemented on Hadoop to mine association rules between course grades. The mining process includes data preprocessing, mining results and analysis. The association rules between course grades provide suggestions for the way students learn and the way teachers teach.
RETRACTED: Model for evaluating the teaching effect of the college English public speaking course under the flipped classroom hybrid teaching mode with intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy numbers
Authors: Xu Jing
Published: February 2020

This article has been retracted, and the online PDF has been watermarked “RETRACTION”. The retraction notice is available at http://doi.org/10.3233/KES-210080.
Arsen Rychinsky and the education of student youth
Authors: Mazur P. , Golub R.
Published: February 2020

During the national revival in Ukraine, the organization of educational work in a higher education institution requires the formation of students' love for their native land and its history. At a time when people who seek to know the truth of the past are beginning to return the deeds of those who have been defamed by deliberate silence, it is best to do this by studying the historical figures of the best sons of Ukraine, their thorny life path.

In the 20-30's of the last century among the historical figures of our people, one of the leading places is the extraordinary figure of Arsen Rychinsky - a doctor by profession, a public figure by vocation. ideologist of Ukrainian Orthodoxy according to ethno-confessional beliefs.
Arsen Rychinsky was my godfather
Authors: Payevskyi Yu.
Published: February 2020

I am a person very far from the issues of religious studies. So I don't even know how to perform in front of such a solid audience. It turned out so much in my life that, as I see, a very famous person, even I did not know that she was so famous, Arsen Rychinsky was my godfather. The Rychinski family and the Pajewski family (this is my parents' last name) for many years, sometime in the 1920s, were as one family, that is, they were in very good relationship with each other, as much as in the good ones that I will give as an example . My father, Denis Pajewski, lived in Volyn as an emigrant from the Soviet Union: in the 1920s he fled to the West and then returned to Poland. He was, by profession, a businessman. When he raised start-up capital and wanted to start a business, he did not yet have Polish citizenship. Therefore, he opened his company by registering for Rychinsky. The fact is that in Poland there was a temporary center, that is, for so many years it was necessary to be a resident of this country in order to obtain the right to open a company.
KONTRIBUSI MAḤFŪẒ AL-TARMASĪ DALAM PENGKAJIAN HADIS DI INDONESIA
Authors: Faisal Ahmad
Published: February 2020

Modern Hadīṡ experts are still very minimal, even there are still many muḥaddiṡ figures who are not yet known by the public. One of them was Shaykh Muḥammad Maḥfūẓ ibn Abdullāh ibn Abd alMannān al-Tarmasī al-Jāwī al-Makkī al-Syāfiʻī. Shaykh Muḥammad Maḥfuẓ compiled the book of Jurisprudence and Proposals, Hadīṡ and also al-Qirā’at. The contribution of Maḥfūẓ al-Tarmasī's thoughts in the study of Hadīṡ in Indonesia can be seen in the book, first; Al-Minḥah al-Khairiyyah. Second, Manhaj Żawī al-Naẓar fī Syarḥ Manẓūmati ʻIlm al-ʻAṡar. Third, Transmission of Sanad in the book entitled Kifāyatu al-Mustafīd fīmā ʻalā min al-Asānīd by the work of Muhammad Yāsin alFānānī. Maḥfuẓ al-Tarmasī's work entitled Manhaj Żawī al-Naẓar fī Syarḥ Manẓumati ʻIlm al-ʻAṡar is a book that is used as a reference in many universities such as Egypt, Morocco, Mecca and Indonesia. This one work is the explaination book from the great work of the world Hadīṡ scholars, namely Alfiyyah al-Suyūṭī who discusses the science of Hadīṡ. The difficulty in understanding the naẓm-naẓm contained in the work of al-Suyūṭī, makes Maḥfuẓ al-Tarmasī challenged and then agrees with it with the intention to be more easily understood and understood by students and lovers of Hadīṡ knowledge in general.
EPISTEMOLOGI HADIS PERSPEKTIF SYI‘AH
Authors: Lestari Lenni
Published: February 2020

Salah satu hadis Nabi –hadis S|aqalain-, yang diakui shahih oleh semua ulama hadis, telah membuat umat Islam terpecah menjadi dua aliran besar, yaitu Syi‘ah dan Sunni. Perbedaan ini berimplikasi pada pemikiran hadis dari kedua aliran ini. Tulisan ini akan membahas pemikiran hadis perspektif Syi‘ah dari aspek epistemologi, meliputi sumber dan hakikat hadis perspektif Syi‘ah, metodologi kajian hadisnya, serta validitas otentisitas hadis dalam tradisi Syi‘ah. Di akhir pembahasan, penulis juga memberikan salah satu contoh hadis dari kitab hadis Syi‘ah. Ditinjau dari aspek epistemology, sumber utama hadis Syi‘ah tidak hanya dari Nabi saw semata, melainkan diperluas kepada imam-imam yang ma’shum yang berjumlah 12 imam. Metode yang digunakan Syi‘ahdalam memperoleh hadis adalah melalui jalur riwayat. Terkait hal ini, golongan Syi‘ah membagi hadis menjadi dua macam, yaitu mutawatir dan ahad. Cara yang digunkan ulama Syi‘ah dalam validitasi otentisitas hadis adalah memeriksa riwayat yang sanadnya bersambung dengan yang ma’sum, seluruh periwayat dalam sanad bersifat adil dan seluruh periwayat dalam sanad bersifat ḍabit
Reservoir Characterizarion Using Acoustic Impedance Inversion and Multi-Attribute Analysis in Nias Waters, North Sumatra
Authors: Rifai Fathkhurozak Yunanda , Nainggolan Tumpal Bernhard , Manik Henry Munandar
Published: February 2020

Seismic method is one of the most frequently applied geophysical methods in the process of oil and gas exploration. This research is conducted in Nias Waters, North Sumatra using one line 2D post-stack time migration seismic section and two wells data. Reservoir characterization is carried out to obtain physical parameters of rocks affected by fluid and rock lithology. Seismic inversion is used as a technique to create acoustic impedance distribution using seismic data as input and well data as control. As final product, multi-attribute analysis is applied to integrate of inversion results with seismic data to determine the lateral distribution of other parameters contained in well data. In this research, multi-attribute analysis is used to determine the distribution of NPHI as a validation of hydrocarbon source rocks. In that area, there is a gas hydrocarbon prospect in limestone lithology in depth around 1450 ms. Based on the results of sensitivity analysis, cross-plot between acoustic impedance and NPHI are sensitive in separating rock lithology, the target rock in the form of limestone has physical characteristics in the form of acoustic impedance values in the range of 20,000-49,000 ((ft/s)*(g/cc)) and NPHI values in the range of 5-35 %. While the results of the cross-plot between the acoustic impedance and resistivity are able to separate fluid-containing rocks with resistivity values in the range about 18-30 ohmm. The result of acoustic impedance inversion using the model based method shows the potential for hydrocarbons in the well FYR-1 with acoustic impedance in the range 21,469-22,881 ((ft/s)*(gr/cc)).
“Sustainable
development” and globalisation processes
Authors: Koprek Ivan
Published: February 2020

How do we relate globalisation to other types of mondialisation, such as
communications and economics? The answer should be: any globalisation should be motivated by the general interest of humanity and striving to that aim. In practice, this means that international protection of human
rights and environmental rights need not only jurisdictional (legal–political) but also, above all, ethical standards. Without it, a conflict between different types of globalisation could become damaging,
almost dangerous. The very idea of the global village that has so well explained the phenomenon of mondialisation can assist in solving the problems that need to be addressed. One of the features of each village is the intense
connection among the inhabitants. That phenomenon is now present globally, which is the essence of globalisation. That implies a global responsibility that must be implemented on the one hand by communities and the other by individuals, especially those who serve in the service of community — politicians. The crucial question arises, “How to define the responsibility of one and the others?” It is evident that at the top of the pyramid, there are
major planetary problems whose solutions require the cooperation of all
nations and countries. The straightforward phrase “Think globally, act locally”, expresses the rule of the fundamental game of the global world
and its diversity — a possible ethic of sustainable development.
Craniosacral system and primary respiration in Chinese medicine
Authors: Akhmetsafin A. N.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Craniosacral technique and the concept of «primary respiration» is the most effective branch in modern osteopathy. Historically it goes back to the ideas of W. G. Sutherland, which was documented in the 1930s. However, when studying ancient documents of Traditional Chinese Medicine, some theoretical and technical details appear in the description of the craniosacral system. These details date back to the ancient period of the formation of the canon of Chinese medicine and are unknown to modern osteopaths.

The goal of research — to clarify the historical priorities for describing the craniosacral system and its practical application in the clinical and hygienic aspect.

Methods. We studied the canonical texts of traditional Chinese medicine and Taoism, related to clinical and hygienic manipulations and life extension practices. Authentic epigraphic material with a detailed etymological analysis of ancient hieroglyphs was used in order to determine the anatomical, physiological and clinical views of the ancient people.

Results. The mention of the main elements of the craniosacral system and the description of technical procedures date back to the formation of the medical canon, i. e. before the 3rd century B. C. Real anatomical ideas about the structure and functioning of the skull, spine and sacrococcygeal complex, as well as a detailed description of «primary respiration» are documented in the medical and Taoist canons.

Conclusion. Studying the canonical texts of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Taoist sources basing on the practice «Nourishing Life» can significantly enrich the «toolkit» of modern osteopathy.
The frequency of degenerative-dystrophic lesions of the joints of the spine in young and middle-aged patients with dorsopathy
Authors: Orel A. M. , Semenova O. K.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Degenerative-dystrophic lesion of the spinal joints or spondylarthrosis is one of the most common diseases of the spine. The signs of non-infl ammatory changes in the joints can be detected even in children. The reason for this is the repetitive biomechanical microtrauma. The goal of research — to study the frequency of degenerative-dystrophic lesions of the spinal joints at all the levels in young and middle-aged patients suffering from dorsopathy.

Materials and methods. Radiography of all the regions of the spine was performed with the description of system models of 507 patients: 211 men and 296 women, suffering from dorsopathy. The method of integral study of the spine roentgenograms was used. Systemic models of patients with determined diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis (Bekhterev disease) were excluded from the general population. The reason for this was a signifi cant morphological change in the joints and in the spinal column as a whole, due to chronic infl ammation, which is the main manifestation of this disease. Statistical processing was carried out using Microsoft Offi ce Excel 2007.

Results. It was established that with age the frequency of appearance of radiological signs of spondylarthrosis increases. Signs of arthrosis of the zygapophyseal joints appear in the fi rst turn and are the most frequent ones. Arthrosis of the zygapophyseal joints is diagnosed in 70–90 % of patients. Spondylarthrosis of the semilunar joints is diagnosed in almost 80 % of patients. Most often arthrosis of the semilunar joints was observed in the vertebrae CV and CVI. Athrosis of costovertebral joints was registered in 32,7 % of patients. In most cases the joints TVII–TX were affected by this disease. Arthrosis of the sacroiliac joints was diagnosed in an average of 63,8 % of patients, equally often on the left and on the right sides. The interspinal neoarthrosis (Baastrup symptom) was diagnosed at the level of LIII–LV(VI) in 22,6 % of patients and at the level of CI–CII in 2 % of patients.

Conclusion. Radiological manifestations of spondylarthrosis are markers of static and dynamic biomechanical overload of the spinal joints.
Interventional treatment of lower back pain
Authors: Novikov A. Yu. , Tsykunov M. B.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Low back pain takes one of the leading places among all non-communicable diseases, reaching 70 % of outpatient visits. In 90 % of cases the non-specific nature of back pain is observed. The most common causes of low back pain are myofascial pain syndrome, facet joint arthrosis, spinal stenosis, spondylolisthesis, discal hernias. If NSAIDs and muscle relaxants are the «gold standard» in the treatment of low back pain, interventional treatment needs further studies. This trial was conducted in order to determine the effectiveness of therapeutic blockades. The goal of research — to study the effectiveness of selective injections of pharmaceuticals into pain sources in case of low back pain based on clinical and instrumental studies.

Materials and methods. The prospective, controlled, randomized trial was conducted from January 2018 to January 2019 at the Department of Neurosurgery and Medical Rehabilitation of the Bashkir State Medical University. 42 patients with low back pain, aged from 24 to 54 years, of which 28 (66,7 %) were men and 14 (33,3 %) were women took part in the research and were randomly divided into 2 groups. Patients of the main group (30 people) underwent interventional therapy, from 2 to 7 injections, depending on the severity of the pain syndrome and the duration of the disease. Patients of the control group — 12 people, received treatment in accordance with the standard of medical care in low back pain (analgesics, NSAIDs, muscle relaxants), as well as physiotherapy for 2 weeks daily. The study of the effectiveness of therapy included, along with the neurological examination, a neuroorthopedic instrumental examination. The depth of the lumbar lordosis, flexion and extension restrictions were measured using a curvimeter-goniometer, which also allows measuring the angle of tension symptoms (Lasegue, Wasserman). In order to study rotation and lateroflexion, instruments with a graduated scale were used. Muscle tone and tenderness of the structures of the spine were examined using a myotonometer-tensoalgimeter and a visual analogue scale (VAS). To interpret the data of a comprehensive neuroorthopedic examination, the results were converted into comparable units with the calculation of the integral indicator.

Results. After selective intervention therapy in the main group, a more rapid relief of pain, a regression of neurological symptoms, manifested by the complete elimination or significant reduction of biomechanical and tonus disorders in the lower back were noted.

Conclusion. Selective injections of pharmaceuticals into pain sources in low back pain are more effective than treatment with the use of analgesics, NSAIDs, muscle relaxants and physiotherapy, which allows to recommend them for wider use in clinical practice.
Conceptual approaches and tendencies at the development of the systems for ameliorative mode management in agroecosystem
Authors: Yurchenko Irina
Published: February 2020

Formation of conceptual approaches, development and implementation of the systems of precision control of reclamation mode in the practice of agricultural production within the agroecosystems – the key issue of the evolution of the process of automation in the field of land reclamation that meet theoretical and practice requirements of innovative technologies of agriculture in the Russian Federation nowadays. According to the results of the study as well as theoretical and practice generalization of informational digital control system application in the reclamation activities recognized the need for digitalization and automation of technological processes of agricultural production in reclaimed lands was recognized. At the same time, productivity growth in agro-phyto-cenoses guarantees to exceed the effects of mechanization, fertilizers application, the use of the tractors, herbicides, genetically modified seeds, etc. It is shown that the development of high-precision control of the process of the reclamation mode formation is based on the wide use of computers, digital systems, indicators of remote active and passive sensing, robotics, specialized means of mechanization. The basic principles and requirements of the formation of the automated control systems of technological processes to regulate reclamation mode in the agroecosystem, which save the best achievements of the theory in the field of effective and sustainable agricultural production in reclaimed lands are tested in practice. The features of automation at management, operational, tactical and strategic levels of decision – making for micro-, meso- and macrolevels of the hierarchy of the managed area are characterized. The priority directions to improve high-precision management of meliorative mode in agroecosystems regarding to spatial and temporal variability of soil fertility and other conditions within agro-phyto-cenosis differ in the methods of monitoring and specific indicators’ evaluation; determination of the agro-ecologically similar contours of the field/crop rotation; creation of the targeted, object – oriented recommendations, differentiated to each economy, site, culture and biodiversity.
Diseño y selección de cuchillas para el proceso de trituración de neumáticos y análisis de costos de fabricación
Authors: Moyano Arévalo Javier Renato , Naranjo Vargas Eugenia Mercedes , Tenicota García Alex Giovanny
Published: February 2020

Para la reutilización de los neumáticos de vehículos, se presenta un proceso llamado trituración, el cual permite reciclar y aprovechar los distintos materiales para uso de diversas aplicaciones industriales. El diseño básico del sistema de trituración de neumáticos mediante cuchillas eficientes fue considerado como alternativa de solución a la problemática de varios sectores empresariales, que aún no han reutilizado el material. El objetivo de la investigación persigue el diseño y selección de cuchillas para el proceso de trituración de neumáticos y análisis de costos de fabricación. Por consiguiente, se analizaron propiedades mecánicas típicas del caucho en el proceso de corte, y fueron comparadas las alternativas económicas de cuchillas para el establecimiento de un proceso adecuado de trituración de neumáticos.  Cada una de las alternativas comparadas difiere en características mecánicas y naturaleza del material muy difundidos en el medio local como el caso de ASTM- A36, SAE -1045, y SAE- S1, siendo el primer material el más económico y recomendado, siempre y cuando se utilice la alternativa de diseño según el modelo de flancos curvos, con deformación máxima en promedio de 0.0202mm. Se concluye con un costo de fabricación bajo independientemente que varíe el diseño de la cuchilla, en todo caso se debe realizar tratamiento térmico. El sistema de trituración fue dimensionado de tal manera que se traten neumáticos desalambrados, típicos en vehículos pequeños, por ser muy numerosos ya que existen menos casos de reencauche. La investigación se convierte en una alternativa sustentable y factible para la industria mediana y pequeña que tiene a bien ofertar productos a base de material reciclado como el caucho.
La comprensión lectora del idioma inglés mediante actividades lúdicas
Authors: Pazmiño Pavón Luis Even , Armas Pesántez Paúl Rolando , Salazar Calderón Edison Hernán , Heredia Arboleda Edgar Eduardo
Published: February 2020

El objetivo de la presente investigación, fue realizar un diagnóstico de la comprensión lectora del idioma inglés mediante la aplicación de actividades lúdicas tales como: cuentos, juegos y vocabulario, en estudiantes del segundo nivel de Inglés de la Carrera de Agroindustria de la Facultad de Ciencias Pecuarias de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo durante el periodo académico septiembre 2019 – febrero 2020. Ya que se conoce que los estudiantes experimentan falta de concentración. La investigación tuvo un enfoque educativo, de tipo descriptiva, bibliográfica de campo, cuali cuantitativa y temporal. Para alcanzar la meta se elaboró una ficha de observación, la misma que fue revisada y aprobado por un grupo de cuatro pares académicos especialistas del área de inglés. La misma que utilizó un rango de opciones según una escala de Likert, que permitió medir aspectos cualitativos para posteriormente cuantificarlos. La muestra fue intencional, compuesta por 30 estudiantes entre hombres y mujeres, que tienen similares conocimientos del idioma inglés. La información obtenida fue tabulada y representada en tablas y gráficos estadísticos para posteriormente analizarla e interpretarla, permitiendo determinar que la aplicación de las actividades lúdicas son estrategias que motivan la comprensión lectora del idioma inglés. Se recomienda integrar las actividades lúdicas como estrategia en el plan de estudios para incidir en la comprensión lectora de inglés.
Optic nerve decompression in Craniofacial fibrous dysplasia involving optic canal: An experience at AIIMS, New Delhi
Authors: Ahmed Bashir , Thakkar Alok , Irfan SM Nurul
Published: February 2020

Background: Gradual progression of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia frequently involves sphenoid and ethmoid bone results encasement of optic canal which leads to visual impairment to complete blindness
Methods: Retrospective study was carried out at All India Institute of Medical Sciences on hospital records of 16 cases of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia operated for optic canal involvement with or without visual impairment with an objective to discuss about the indications, suitable timing and outcome of optic nerve decompression in cases of optic canal involvement.
Results: Out of 16 cases, 56.25% were female with mean age 13.06 years. 15 patients had Idiopathic Fibrous dysplasia and 01 had Cranio-metaphyseal dysplasia. 62.5% were polyostotic and 37.5% were monostotic with 62.5% of optic neuropathy. Bilateral lesion occurred in 03 patients. Optic nerve decompression was done for curative treatment in 62.5% and for prophylactic in 37.5% cases. Post-operative visual improvement occurred in 90% patients and in no patient vision was deteriorated.
Conclusion: Prophylactic decompression can be carried out in expert hand for involvement of optic canal in craniofacial fibrous dysplasia for prevention of future visual impairment
 Bangladesh J of Otorhinolaryngology; October 2018; 24(2): 94-104
Complications of Total Laryngectomy
Authors: Bhuiyan Mohammad Ashequr Rahman , Sarker Md Zakaria , Haque Md Nazmul , Khan Saif Rahman , Mamoon Towsif Bin , Alam ABM Khorshed
Published: February 2020

Objective: To observe Post-operative complications of Total Laryngectomy in advanced Laryngeal Carcinoma Patients.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in National Institute of ENT, Tejgaon, Dhaka. Study duration 3 years, from January 2015 to December 2017. 17 patients were selected who underwent total laryngectomy for histologically proven advanced carcinoma larynx. Patients were followed up monthly for 3 months & then after 6 months for life long.
Results: The age of the patients ranged from 39 to 66 years. The mean age was 47 years. Most of the cases are supraglottic carcinoma 12 (70.59%), Glottic carcinoma in 5 (29.41%) & no subglottic carcinoma. In this study, out of 12 supraglottic cases, 4 patients were presented in stage III & 8 in stage IV. Among the glottic cases 1 patient presented in stage I, 2 in stage III & 2 patients presented in stage IV. Patients were followed up monthly for 3 months & then after 6 months for life long. 2 patients (11.76%) developed pharyngocutaneous fistula within 7th to 15th post-operative day & these patients were managed conservatively which involved adequate drainage, frequent dressing & fresh blood transfusion. With these conservative management fistula healed completely within 3 to 4 weeks. 3 patients (17.65%) developed wound infection. Wound swab was sent for culture & sensitivity and antibiotics changed accordingly. Wound healed within 2-3 weeks with conservative treatment & adequate aseptic dressing. 1 patient (5.88%) developed postoperative hematoma which was drained immediately. This patient developed wound infection later on & was managed conservatively. 2 patients (11.76%) developed stomal recurrence 4 months after surgery, which was confirmed by biopsy. The cases were inoperable & were sent for radiotherapy. 2 patients (11.76%) developed dysphagia due to pharyngeal stenosis 4 months after surgery.
Conclusion: The most frequent troublesome immediate complication is pharyngocutaneous fistula all of which have been treated conservatively with satisfactory result. Preoperative radiotherapy is an important risk factor for the development of pharyngocutaneous fistula in total laryngectomy.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2019; 25(1): 10-18
Hearing gain after myringoplasty in relation to the size of tympanic membrane perforation
Authors: Mondal Sutanu Kumar , Biswas Ashim Kumar , Huq Md Mahmudul , Ali Md Hasan , Md Kamruzzaman - , Joarder Md Abul Hasnat
Published: February 2020

Objectives: To assess hearing gain after successful myringoplasty in relation to the size of tympanic membrane perforation.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in the department of otolaryngology and head neck surgery, BSMMU, Sahbag, Dhaka during the period of January 2009 to December 2010.A total of 60 patients were under went myringoplasty operation after taking detailed history, clinical examination and investigation. Preoperative and postoperative hearing assessment was done. Analysed data presented by various tables, graphics and figures.
Results: In case of small size perforation preoperative mean bone conduction threshold was 7.66 dB, mean air conduction threshold was 34.14 dB and mean air bone gap was 26.48 dB. In case of medium size perforation preoperative mean bone conduction threshold was 9.61 dB, mean air conduction threshold was 44.48 dB. Mean air bone gap was 34.87 dB. In case of large size perforation preoperative mean bone conduction threshold was 13.12 dB, mean air conduction threshold was 59 dB, and mean air bone gap was 45.88 dB. Hearing loss increases with increasing size of perforation. Ahmed and Rahim (1979) showed in the study that hearing loss increases with increasing the size of the perforation which was relevant in the study. After myringoplasty post-operative mean air bone gap was 21.24 dB in small size, 21.74 dB in medium sized and 24 dB in large size. From the record improvement of mean air bone gap or hearing gain was 5.24 dB in small size perforation respectively. The different of air bone gap closure between small and medium size perforation was statistically significant by unpaired’ test.
Conclusion: Hearing gain after myringoplasty is better in large size perforation.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2019; 25(1): 54-59
Both novice and expert? How apprentices develop vocational competence in workplaces where technology is continuously changing: Examples from the Norwegian media graphics programme
Authors: Aakernes Nina
Published: February 2020

This article explores how young apprentices develop vocational competence through apprenticeship in workplaces where technology is continuously changing. The article draws on results from a longitudinal study that followed seven apprentices enrolled in the media graphics programme in Norway through their two-year apprenticeships. The results showed how the apprentices developed vocational competence in the community of practice in the workplaces by taking an active part in the daily produc-tion, experimenting with different solutions, reflection, and by advice and discussions with their instructors and co-workers. However, the apprentices also had to deal with work tasks where the solutions were not yet known in the workplace. The article shows how the apprentices combined learning from colleagues with learning from other resources such as software courses and use of the internet. The results showed how the apprentices’ competence development can be a resource for the co-workers and can facilitate the development of the enterprise. Furthermore, these results pro-vide new perspectives on competence development in the community of practice. The study showed that the apprenticeship has an innovative potential and is an essential way for young people to develop vocational competence in a world of work where technology is continuously changing.
IRSp53 Deletion in Glutamatergic and GABAergic Neurons and in Male and Female Mice Leads to Distinct Electrophysiological and Behavioral Phenotypes
Authors: Kim Yangsik , Noh Young Woo , Kim Kyungdeok , Yang Esther , Kim Hyun , Kim Eunjoon
Published: February 2020

IRSp53 (also known as BAIAP2) is an abundant excitatory postsynaptic scaffolding protein implicated in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), schizophrenia, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). IRSp53 is expressed in different cell types across different brain regions, although it remains unclear how IRSp53 deletion in different cell types affects brain functions and behaviors in mice. Here, we deleted IRSp53 in excitatory and inhibitory neurons in mice and compared resulting phenotypes in males and females. IRSp53 deletion in excitatory neurons driven by Emx1 leads to strong social deficits and hyperactivity without affecting anxiety-like behavior, whereas IRSp53 deletion in inhibitory neurons driven by Viaat has minimal impacts on these behaviors in male mice. In female mice, excitatory neuronal IRSp53 deletion induces hyperactivity but moderate social deficits. Excitatory neuronal IRSp53 deletion in male mice induces an increased ratio of evoked excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission (E/I ratio) in layer V pyramidal neurons in the prelimbic region of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), whereas the same mutation does not alter the E/I ratio in female neurons. These results suggest that IRSp53 deletion in excitatory and inhibitory neurons and in male and female mice has distinct impacts on behaviors and synaptic transmission.
Manure Compost Is a Potential Source of Tetracycline-Resistant Escherichia coli and Tetracycline Resistance Genes in Japanese Farms
Authors: Yoshizawa Nobuki , Usui Masaru , Fukuda Akira , Asai Tetsuo , Higuchi Hidetoshi , Okamoto Eiryu , Seki Kanako , Takada Hideshige , Tamura Yutaka
Published: February 2020

Manure compost has been thought of as a potential important route of transmission of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) from livestock to humans. To clarify the abundance of ARB and ARGs, ARB and ARGs were quantitatively determined in tetracycline-resistant Escherichia coli (harboring the tetA gene)-spiked feces in simulated composts. In the simulated composts, the concentration of spiked E. coli decreased below the detection limit at day 7. The tetA gene remained in manure compost for 20 days, although the levels of the gene decreased. Next, to clarify the field conditions of manure compost in Japan, the quantities of tetracycline-resistant bacteria, tetracycline resistance genes, and residual tetracyclines were determined using field-manure-matured composts in livestock farms. Tetracycline-resistant bacteria were detected in 54.5% of tested matured compost (6/11 farms). The copy number of the tetA gene and the concentrations of residual tetracyclines in field manure compost were significantly correlated. These results suggest that the use of antimicrobials in livestock constitutes a selective pressure, not only in livestock feces but also in manure compost. The appropriate use of antimicrobials in livestock and treatment of manure compost are important for avoiding the spread of ARB and ARGs.
It’s All in the Reading
Authors: Kelly Déirdre
Published: February 2020

It seems inherent in the nature of contemporary artist’s book production to continue to question the context for the genre in contemporary art practice, notwithstanding the medium’s potential for dissemination via mass production and an unquestionable advantage of portability for distribution. Artists, curators and editors operating in this sector look to create contexts for books in a variety of imaginative ways, through exhibition, commission, installations, performance and, of course as documentation. Broadening the discussion of the idea of the book within contemporary art practice, this paper examines the presence and role of book works within the context of the art biennale, in particular the Venice Art Biennale of which the 58th iteration (2019) is entitled ‘May You Live In Interesting Times’ and curated by Ralph Rugoff, with an overview of the independent International cultural offerings and the function of the ‘Book Pavilion’. Venetian museums and institutions continue to present vibrant diverse works within the arena of large-scale exhibitions, recognising the position that the book occupies in the history of the city. This year, the appearance for the first time, of ‘Book Biennale’, opens up a new and interesting dialogue, taking the measure of how the book is being promoted and its particular function for visual communication within the arts in Venice and beyond.
Greek Geometric Animal Figurines and the Origins of the Ancient Olympic Games
Authors: Patay-Horváth András
Published: February 2020

According to the prevailing scholarly opinion, Geometric bronze animal figurines found at Olympia represent cattle and horses which were put under the protection of the divinity in this form. This view is challenged here for various reasons including literary testimony and comparisons with contemporary shrines containing similar dedications (especially Kato Syme on Crete). This paper argues that the bovines depicted were feral, and the figurines were offered by foreign aristocrats visiting the sanctuary especially for the sake of hunting these animals. Similarly, the horse figurines are interpreted as depicting feral equines, which were presumably captured and taken away by the visitors. After examining the cultic regulations related to the Olympic Games (timing, crowns, exclusion of married women and the penteteric periodicity), it is suggested that excessive hunting led to the extinction of some game animals and thus to a radical shift in the cult practice and ultimately resulted in the introduction of athletic events, i.e., in the Olympic Games.
Analysis of Nanofluids Behavior in a PV-Thermal-Driven Organic Rankine Cycle with Cooling Capability
Authors: Sami Samuel
Published: February 2020

This paper discusses the performance of nanofluids in a PV Thermal-driven Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) with cooling capabilities. This study was intended to investigate the enhancement effect and characteristics of nanofluids; Al2O3, CuO, Fe3O4 and SiO2 on the performance the hybrid system composed of PV Thermal, ORC and cooling coil. The quaternary refrigerant mixture used in the ORC cycle to enhance the ORC efficiency is an environmentally sound refrigerant mixture composed of R152a, R245fa, R125, and R1234fy. It was shown that the enhancement of the efficiency of the hybrid system in question is significantly dependent upon not only the solar radiation but also the nanofluids concentration and the type of nanofluid as well as the fluid temperature driving the ORC. A higher hybrid system efficiency has been overserved with nanofluid CuO. Moreover, it has been also shown that on the average, the hybrid system efficiency was higher 17% with nanofluid CuO compared to water as the heat transfer fluid. In addition, it was also observed that the higher cooling effect produced is significantly increased with the use of the nanofluid CuO compared to the other nanofluids under investigation and water as heat transfer fluid. The results observed in this paper on ORC efficiency and PV solar panel efficiency are comparable to what has been published in the literature.
Lactic Fermented Fruit or Vegetable Juices: Past, Present and Future
Authors: Garcia Cyrielle , Guerin Marie , Souidi Kaies , Remize Fabienne
Published: February 2020

Numerous traditional low-alcohol fermented beverages produced from fruit or vegetables are described around the world. Fruit and vegetables and lactic fermented products both present nutritional benefits, which give reasons for the recent expansion of non-dairy lactic fermented juices on the market. In addition, fruit and vegetable juices are new carriers for probiotic bacteria. Specific phenotypic traits of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are required so that LAB can effectively grow in fruit or vegetable juices, increase their safety and improve their sensory and nutritional quality. From the diversity of microbiota of spontaneous fermentations, autochthonous starters can be selected, and their higher performance than allochthonous LAB was demonstrated. Achieving long-term storage and constant high quality of these beverages requires additional processing steps, such as heat treatment. Alternatives to conventional treatments are investigated as they can better preserve nutritional properties, extract bioactive compounds and promote the growth and metabolism of LAB. Specific processing approaches were shown to increase probiotic viability of fruit and vegetable juices. More knowledge on the metabolic activity of lactic acid bacterium consortium in fruit or vegetable juices has become a bottleneck for the understanding and the prediction of changes in bioactive compounds for functional beverages development. Hopefully, the recent developments of metabolomics and methods to describe enzymatic machinery can result in the reconstruction of fermentative pathways.
Economic Assessment of Bioethanol Recovery Using Membrane Distillation for Food Waste Fermentation
Authors: Intan Shafinas Muhammad Noor , A. Rosentrater Kurt
Published: February 2020

Ethanol is a material that has a high demand from different industries such as fuel, beverages, and other industrial applications. Commonly, ethanol has been produced from yeast fermentation using sugar crops as a feedstock. However, food waste (FW) was found to be one of the promising resources to produce ethanol because it contained a higher amount of glucose. Generally, column distillation has been used to separate ethanol from the fermentation broth, but this operation is considered an energy-intensive process. On the contrary, membrane distillation is expected to be more practical and cost-effective because of its lower energy requirement. Therefore, this study aims to make a comparison of economic performance on FW fermentation with membrane distillation and a conventional distillation system using techno-economy analysis (TEA) method. A commercial-scale FW fermentation plant was modeled using SuperPro Designer V9.0 Modeling. Discounted cash flow analysis was employed to determine ethanol minimum selling price (MSP) for both distillation systems at 10% of the internal rate of return. Results from this analysis showed that membrane distillation has a higher MSP than a conventional process, $6.24 and $2.41 per gallon ($1.65 and $0.64 per liter) respectively. Hence, this study found that membrane distillation is not economical to be implemented in commercial-scale ethanol production.
Binary Communication with Gazeau–Klauder Coherent States
Authors: Dajka Jerzy , Łuczka Jerzy
Published: February 2020

We investigate advantages and disadvantages of using Gazeau–Klauder coherent states for optical communication. In this short paper we show that using an alphabet consisting of coherent Gazeau–Klauder states related to a Kerr-type nonlinear oscillator instead of standard Perelomov coherent states results in lowering of the Helstrom bound for error probability in binary communication. We also discuss trace distance between Gazeau–Klauder coherent states and a standard coherent state as a quantifier of distinguishability of alphabets.
Estimation and Analysis of Food Demand Patterns in Vietnam
Authors: Vu Linh Hoang
Published: February 2020

The paper analyzes food consumption patterns of Vietnamese households, using a complete demand system and socio-demographic information. Demand elasticities are estimated applying a modified Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) model on the Vietnamese household survey data in 2006. The results indicate that food consumption patterns in Vietnam are affected by income, price, as well as socio-economic and geographic factors. All food has positive expenditure elasticities and negative own-price elasticities. Rice has mean expenditure elasticity of 0.36 and mean own-price elasticity of −0.80. Using the estimated elasticities, the study finds that when rice prices increase by 20 percent, average household welfare rises by 1.3 percent, yet it is important to note that the benefits and costs are not spread evenly across the population. Overall, middle-income households gain the most, while the poorest households gain the least from higher rice prices. This indicates that support programs should target the poorest quintile, especially the poor in the regions hit hardest by higher prices. More generally, our study points out that targeted food policies should be formulated based on specific food demand patterns in the groups.
Evaluation and Comprehensive Comparison of H-Bridge-Based Bidirectional Rectifier and Unidirectional Rectifiers
Authors: Deng Jiaqing , Cheng Hong , Wang Cong , Wu Shiyan , Si Mingjun
Published: February 2020

This paper presents an evaluation and comprehensive comparison for the topologies which are applied to the front stage of transformer-less cascaded multilevel converter (TCMC). The topologies investigated are targeted at the bidirectional cascaded H-bridge rectifier and three unidirectional rectifiers, including the diode H-bridge cascaded boost rectifier, cascaded bridgeless rectifier and cascaded VIENNA rectifier. First, the operation principles of the unidirectional rectifiers are discussed. Then the performances of these topologies such as power losses, efficiency, device current stress, cost, and total harmonic distortions are analyzed and evaluated respectively. Finally, advantages and disadvantages for each topology are discussed and highlighted. The evaluation and comparison methods presented in this paper and their results are feasible and effective for selecting the appropriate topology in practical applications under different operating conditions.
Energy Footprint of Mechanized Agricultural Operations
Authors: Lampridi Maria , Kateris Dimitrios , Sørensen Claus Grøn , Bochtis Dionysis
Published: February 2020

The calculation of the energy cost of a cultivation is a determining factor in the overall assessment of agricultural sustainability. Most studies mainly examine the entire life cycle of the operation, considering reference values and reference databases for the determination of the machinery contribution to the overall energy balance. This study presents a modelling methodology for the precise calculation of the energy cost of performing an agricultural operation. The model incorporates operational management into the calculation, while simultaneously considering the commercially available machinery (implements and tractors). As a case study, the operation of tillage was used considering both primary and secondary tillage (moldboard plow and field cultivator, respectively). The results show the importance of including specific operation parameters and the available machinery as part of determining the accurate total energy consumption, even though the field size and available time do not have a significant effect.
Direct Voltage Control of a Doubly Fed Induction Generator by Means of Optimal Strategy
Authors: Medeiros Arthur , Ramos Thales , Oliveira José Tavares de , Medeiros Júnior Manoel F.
Published: February 2020

The major objective of the investigation reported in this article is to demonstrate the feasibility of controlling a Doubly Fed Induction Generator actuating directly on the rotor voltage produced by the Rotor Side Converter, as its reference value may be determined analytically, after definition of the control objective. Two usual objectives are here considered: maximum power extraction from wind (MPPT) and stator reactive power equal to zero. This last objective defines the reference slip to be considered in the formulation of developed power that, jointly with the reactive power equation, forms the system to calculate the rotor reference voltages. The process is completed by specifying the desired dynamical response. Thus, the angular velocity of the rotor should quickly reach its reference value, which requires maximal power acceleration at the beginning, but respects the restriction that no overshoot should be allowed. This is achieved by means of a constrained optimization process solved in real time. Following recent trends, only measurements obtained from stator (voltages and currents) sensors are used. This way, angular velocity and rotor currents are estimated in real time. An algorithm for inductance estimation is also included, which prevents deviations of nominal values that could lead to false reference voltages.
Development of Scenarios for a Multi-Model System Analysis Based on the Example of a Cellular Energy System
Authors: Kühnbach Matthias , Guthoff Felix , Bekk Anke , Eltrop Ludger
Published: February 2020

Scenario analysis combined with system and market modelling is a well-established method to evaluate technological and societal developments and their impacts on future energy pathways. This paper presents a process-oriented method for developing consistent energy scenarios using multiple energy system models. Its added value is that the developed energy scenarios are consistent in a multi-model environment and practicable for a broader target group from scientists to practitioners. The scenarios consist of comprehensive storylines and systematically defined quantitative parameters. Following a step-by-step process, a condensed set of overlapping descriptors is generated and used to define the scenarios in a consistent parameter matrix. The set of descriptors allow consistent and comparable outputs independent of model-specific characteristics. The corresponding quantitative parameters can be used by diverse energy system tools. Using multiple models, a team of researchers can explore questions from differing points of view. In an example study, we apply the method to develop scenarios in the context of a cellular energy system. This approach enables the development of scenarios that provide a consistent basis for both stakeholder discourse and multi-model system analysis.