bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Híbridos de la familia Crassulaceae en las islas Canarias.
IV
Authors: Bañares Baudet Ángel
Published: May 2022

En el presente trabajo se dan a conocer 16 nuevos nototáxones
(7 de ellos previamente descritos pero inválidamente publicados)
habiéndose depositado los typi en el Herbario TFC de la Universidad de La
Laguna; para algunos se aporta ilustración y cartografía en cuadrículas
UTM. Asimismo, se aportan 17 nombres nuevos (13 notosecciones y 4
notoespecies) y 2 nuevas combinaciones. Por último, se realiza la tipificación
de Aeonium x burchardii y se validan los nombres A. x bollei, A. x lemsii,
A. x lidii, A. x praegeri, A. x sventenii y Aichryson x intermedium.
Nota sobre Ptychogena crocea Kramp & Damas, 1925 en
aguas de Cabo Verde (Laodiceidae: Leptomedusae:
Cnidaria)
Authors: León María Eugenia , Hernández Fátima , de Vera Alejandro
Published: May 2022

La medusa Ptychogena crocea Kramp & Damas, 1925 ha sido
recolectada en aguas de Cabo Verde durante la campaña TFMCBMCV/05. Esta
especie es rara y se conocen pocos registros, la mayoría en latitudes altas del
hemisferio norte, por lo que su presencia en este archipiélago aporta datos de
gran interés para su distribución a nivel mundial.
Proceso de intervención para vinculación de una menor de edad a una red de apoyo
Authors: Gómez Macías Liseth Fernanda , Orjuela Vargas Mónica Liliana , González Muñoz Nadia Vanesa
Published: May 2022

El artículo está basado en la sistematización que se realizó en el Instituto de Bienestar Familiar en el año 2015 en el municipio de Bolívar, Cauca, en el cual se abordó el caso de vinculación a una red de apoyo de una menor de edad de 13 años, quien presentó situación de abandono por parte de sus progenitores. La madre de la menor de edad se presentó al Instituto para solicitar apoyo para su hija, argumentando dificultades en su comportamiento, con desacato de normas y autoridad, conducta de calle y riesgos de abuso sexual.El equipo interdisciplinar recibió el caso para su intervención, empleando técnicas como las entrevistas familiares e individuales, la entrevista colateral, el análisis documental, la observación directa, el genograma, el perfil de vulnerabilidad y, la visita domiciliaria.Después de haber realizado las acciones de intervención psicosocial, se establece que la menor de edad carece de red de apoyo de líneas materna y paterna, quienes no manifestaron la voluntad de ejercer protección a la adolescente, y no contaban con condiciones económicas aportantes a la garantía de sus derechos. Considerando que, desde el inicio del proceso Administrativo de Restablecimiento de Derechos a favor de la adolescente, el ICBF agotó todas las acciones, se buscó que la familia se hiciera responsable de la adolescente, dando cumplimiento a los procesos de intervención adecuados, pero, no se encontró dentro de las familias, quien se hiciera cargo de la menor de edad, por lo que se determinó que el caso debía permanecer bajo medida de protección de ICBF y continuar con el proceso para definir la medida de declaratoria de adoptabilidad de la adolescente.
Cobertura de Terapia Ocupacional en la práctica del Instituto Nacional Penitenciario y Carcelario de la ciudad de Pasto, 2016-2020
Authors: Jurado García Omar
Published: May 2022

La Terapia Ocupacional es una disciplina del área de la Salud, encargada de cuidar el bienestar de los pacientes o usuarios, desde un componente ocupacional y su relación con el medio ambiente, que contribuye a beneficiar el desempeño en las actividades de autocuidado, cultivando al máximo el potencial individual de la persona que tiene dificultades para ejecutar una serie de actividades respecto a lo esperado o, según lo que le demanda el contexto en el cual se desempeña.
Pola Asuh Orang Tua Dalam Memotivasi Belajar Anak Pada Pembelajaran Daring
Authors: Fatmawati Erna , Ismaya Erik Aditia , Setiawan Deka
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola asuh orang tua pada pembelajaran daring di Desa Gribig dalam pola asuh keluarga di Desa Gribig. Pola asuh orang tua adalah kontrol orang tua dalam memberikan pengasuhan terhadap anak dalam hal ini orang tua mendidik dan membimbing kepribadian anak. Motivasi belajar merupakan dorongan dari dalam maupun luar untuk tetap belajar sehingga seseorang atau khususnya siswa sekolah dasar dapat memperoleh hasil belajar yang maksimal berkat dorongan semangat atau motivasi belajar yang tinggi. Pola asuh yang positif akan memberikan dorongan motivasi belajar yang tinggi terhadap anak. Hasil penelitian dalam memberikan bentuk pola pengasuhan menggunakan pola asuh demokratis. Penerapan pola asuh yang baik dapat diwujudkan lewat perlakuan, perhatian, pemenuhan kebutuhan, serta sikap orang tua dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dapat berpengaruh terhadap motivasi belajar anak. Pola asuh yang diterapkan terhadap karakteristik anak yakni (1) religius, (2) disiplin, (3) mandiri, (4) komunikatif, (5) toleransi, (6) menghargai prestasi.  Siswa tidak hanya memperoleh motivasi belajar yang maksimal tetapi memiliki pendidikan karakter yang baik dalam upaya mempersiapkan generasi yang akan datang memberikan sikap yang positif, perlakuan yang sesuai dari orang tua dalam mendidik anak, maka akan lebih mudah meningkatkan motivasi anak dalam belajar.
Analisis Prestasi Belajar Siswa Pada Pembelajaran Daring di Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Syafa’ati Jovana Shelvi Nur , Sucipto Sucipto , Roysa Mila
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana prestasi belajar anak pada pembelajaran daring saat pandemi covid-19. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yakni penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik wawancara mendalan dan dokumentasi yang bersumber pada data yang valid. Hasil penelitian adalah pandemi covid-19 membawa dampak besar pada hasil prestasi belajar anak. Dalam belajar pada pembelajaran daring siswa mengalami lebih banyak kesulitan dalam belajar. Prestasi belajar anak sulit dipantau secara langsung oleh guru. Penerapan cara belajar yang efektif dan efisien pada pembelajaran daring akan memengaruhi prestasi belajar yang baik. Terdapat faktor-faktor lain yakni faktor eksternal yakni keluarga sangat berpengaruh pada prestasi belajar anak.
Orangen aus Algerien. Tony Gatlifs filmische Pikaresken
Authors: Radlwimmer Romana
Published: May 2022

Les récits cinématographiques du réalisateur, auteur, musicien, compositeur et produc- teur franco-algérien Tony Gatlif fonctionnent selon les lois picaresques qu'il réinvente pour débattre les logiques eurocentriques Les personnages principaux sont des acteurs transculturels dotés de voix fortes qui se passent des normes bourgeoises Ils sont astucieux et malins, vivent des aventures épisodiques à travers lesquelles ils évoluent; ils mendient, mentent, volent et ils célèbrent leur hédonisme de manière corporelle Gatlif construit des sujets fragmentés et semble interrompre la perspective autobiographique du picaresque classique, mais la réintroduit dans les bandes sonores et les chansons avec des narrateurs subalternes L'adaptation littéraire Mondo (1995) oriente le regard vers le Maghreb L'image des oranges flottantes sur la Méditerranée, décorées de caractères arabes, est décisive sur le plan épistémologique Exils (2004) accompagne le couple de voyous Zano et Naïma dans leur migration de la banlieue parisienne vers Alger L'objectif narratif n'est plus la promotion sociale, mais la reconquête de la mémoire culturelle algérienne, que les pro- tagonistes revendiquent à travers les personnes qui émigrent d'Afrique, et finalementen Algérie même Cette contribution propose un regard sur les films de Gatlif par le prisme du picaresque et des Epistémologies du Sud, et démontre ainsi comment les deux lignes de pensée convergent dans son æuvre.
Оцінення і прогнозування змін екологічного стану підземної і поверхневої гідросфери Донбасу на етапі постмайнінгу
Authors: Yakovlev Ye. O. , Pyrikov O. V. , Anpilova Ye. S. , Chumachenko S. M.
Published: May 2022

Вуглепромисловий комплекс Донбасу на сучасному етапі функціонування перебуває в стані критичних змін, що зумовлені постмайнінгом вугільної галузі за умови збройного конфлікту на сході України та переважного використання автореабілітаційного затоплення нерентабельних шахт (схема “мокрої консервації”). Під час масового зняття шахт з експлуатації (ЗШЕ) у розвинених (старих) ввугледобувних районах порушується порівняно рівноважний екологічний стан природно-техногенної геосистеми (ПТГС) “гірничодобувний комплекс вугледобувної шахти – довкілля”, передусім унаслідок майже незворотних змін поверхневої і підземної гідросфери. До провідних еколого-техногенних змін підземної і поверхневої гідросфери Донбасу за умови дальшого впровадження сучасної схеми постмайнінгу, за нашими оцінками, можна зарахувати такі: 1) регіональну активізацію забруднення підземних водоносних горизонтів зони активного водообміну (ЗАВ) – зони переважного формування прісних вод та поверхневих водних об’єктів (річки, озера, водосховища, побутові колодязі, джерела) важкими та токсичними хімічними елементами; 2) погіршення біопродуктивності на великих площах ПТГС “гірничодобувний комплекс – довкілля”; 3) розвиток ділянок підтоплення і затоплення земель з пришвидшенням міграції забруднень у підземну й поверхневу гідросфери; 4) додаткові осідання земної поверхні внаслідок водонасичення раніше осушених порід та зменшення їхньої міцності на стискання; 5) порушення гідрологічного (балансового, рівневого, гідрохімічного) режиму річкової мережі в місцях перехоплення поверхневого стоку на ділянках додаткових осідань земної поверхні та руйнування регіональних водотривів;6) формування ділянок стійкого забруднення донних відкладів поверхневих водних об’єктів токсичними хімічними елементами та органічними сполуками, які сприяють довгочасовому погіршенню водно-екологічних параметрів поверхневого стоку та першого від поверхні ґрунтового водоносного горизонту;7) регіональне погіршення еколого-гігієнічної безпеки господарсько-питного водопостачання міст і селищ у межах вуглепромислової зони Донбасу.
OSMANİYE KENTİ BİSİKLETLİ ULAŞIM AĞI PLANLAMA ÖNERİSİ
Authors: ADIYAMAN Burcu , ÖZÇALIK Mahire , DOYGUN Hakan
Published: May 2022

Bu çalışmada, Osmaniye kentinde bisikletli ulaşım ağı planlama önerilerinin geliştirilmesi kapsamında 5 farklı güzergâhın bisiklet kullanımına uygunluğunun incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Güzergâhlar, bisikletli ulaşıma uygunluk düzeyleri yönünden 11 ölçüt doğrultusunda değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirme sonuçlarına göre toplam uzunluğu 28,6 km olan güzergâhların toplam uygunluk değerleri 48-25 arasında bulunmuştur (bir güzergâhın alabileceği en yüksek değer 75'dir). Uygunluk düzeyini belirleyen ölçütler ağırlıklı olarak güzergâhların kesişme noktaları, güzergahın genişliği, motorlu araç yoğunluğu, topografik özellikler, fiziksel koşullar, görsel nitelik, var olan rekreasyon olanakları, alan kullanım türü, güzergah çevresinin niteliği, kullanıcı kaynağı ve yoğunluğu ve iklimsel faktörler olarak belirlenmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucunda Musa Şahin Bulvarı en yüksek puan olan 48 ile en uygun güzergah olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma ile elde edilen sonuçlardan yararlanılarak, Osmaniye kentinde bisiklet ile ulaşımın yaygınlaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bisiklet yollarının düzenlenmesi ile kente estetik bir görünüm kazandırılması, motorlu taşıt yoğunluğunun azaltılması, hava ve gürültü kirliliğinin azaltılması, kent halkının ve motorlu taşıt sürücülerinin bisiklet kullanımına yönelik farkındalıklarının artırılması, halk sağlığının iyileşmesi bu çalışmadan beklenen yararlar arasında yer almaktadır. Bisikletli ulaşımın yaygınlaşması ve beklenen yararların elde edilebilmesi için, kentsel planlama çalışmaları kapsamında bisiklet yollarının göz önünde bulundurulması, peyzaj planlama ve tasarım çalışmalarının da aynı doğrultuda yapılması önerilmektedir.
Effect of osteopathic manipulation of the sacroiliac joint vs electrotherapy on pain and functional disability in patients with low back pain: A pilot study
Authors: Rodríguez-Pastor José Antonio , Caro-Puértolas Berta , Caña-Pino Alejandro , Sánchez-Preciado Antonio Manuel , Garrido-Ardila Elisa María , Apolo-Arenas Ma Dolores
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND: One of the main problems faced by physiotherapists in primary care is low back pain with or without radiation to lower limbs. There are many different treatment approaches for the management of low back pain. Despite the large amount of published studies, the evidence remains contradictory. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of the osteopathic manipulation of the sacroiliac joint on low back pain with or without radiation to lower limbs. METHOD: Single-blind randomized clinical controlled trial. Participants with low back pain with or without lower limb radiation were randomized to osteopathic manipulation of the sacroiliac joint group (intervention, 6 sessions) or to an electrotherapy group (control, 15 sessions) for 3 weeks. Measures were taken at baseline (week 0) and post-intervention (week 4). The primary outcome measures were pain (Visual Analogue Scale), functional disability (Oswestry disability index and Roland Morris questionnaire). The secondary outcome measure was pain threshold at muscular tender points in the quadratus lumborum, pyramidal, mayor gluteus, and hamstrings. RESULTS: In all, 37 participants completed the study. The results of the intragroup comparisons showed statistically significant improvements in both groups in the visual analogue scale (Osteopathic manipulation group, P= 0.000; Electrotherapy group, P= 0.005) and Oswestry disability index (Osteopathic manipulation group, P= 0.000; Electrotherapy group- P= 0.026) but not in the Roland Morris questionnaire (P= 0.121), which only improved in the intervention group (P= 0.01). The osteopathic manipulation was much more effective than electrotherapy improving to pain and functional disability. CONCLUSION: Osteopathic manipulation of the sacroiliac joint improves pain and disability in patients with sacroiliac dysfunction after three weeks of treatment.
Activation of upper limb muscles in subjects with scapular dyskinesis during bench-press and dumbbell fly on stable and unstable surfaces
Authors: Sousa Diego Santiago Freire , de Farias Wevans Monthier , de Amorim Batista Gabriel , de Oliveira Valéria Mayaly Alves , Pirauá André Luiz Torres , Beltrão Natália Barros , Pitangui Ana Carolina Rodarti , de Araújo Rodrigo Cappato
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND: Scapular dyskinesis has been associated with shoulder dysfunctions, and changes in electromyographic (EMG) activity have been reported during the execution of some exercises. OBJECTIVE: To compare upper limb muscles EMG of asymptomatic subjects with and without scapular dyskinesis during bench-press and dumbbell fly exercise performed on different surface stability conditions. METHODS: Twenty-eight physically active men were allocated into two groups: Control group (n= 14) and Dyskinesis group (n= 14). The participants performed six repetitions lasting three seconds of the bench press and dumbbell fly exercises with 50% of one-repetition maximum (1RM) on a bench and a Swiss ball. The EMG activity of the pectoralis major, serratus anterior, upper and lower trapezius, anterior deltoid, biceps and triceps muscles were recorded. RESULTS: No differences were found between groups, regardless of exercise or surface type. Inserting the unstable surface in the supine exercise promoted a slight increase in upper trapezius EMG activity for the control [4.32 (95% CI: 1.04 to 7.60)] and dyskinesis [3.30 (95% CI: 0.34 to 6.27)] groups. CONCLUSIONS: There is no difference in upper limb muscle EMG activity between subjects with and without scapular dyskinesis. In addition, inserting unstable surfaces did not modify EMG activity.
High Intensity Acute Aerobic Exercise Elicits Alterations in Circulating and Skeletal Muscle Tissue Expression of Neuroprotective Exerkines
Authors: Mazo Corey E. , Miranda Edwin R. , Shadiow James , Vesia Michael , Haus Jacob M.
Published: May 2022

Background: Cathepsin B (CTSB) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are increased with aerobic exercise (AE) and skeletal muscle has been identified as a potential source of secretion. However, the intensity of AE and the potential for skeletal muscle contributions to circulating CTSB and BDNF have not been fully studied in humans. Objective: Determine the effects of AE intensity on circulating and skeletal muscle CTSB and BDNF expression profiles. Methods: Young healthy subjects (n = 16) completed treadmill-based AE consisting of VO2max and calorie-matched acute AE sessions at 40%, 65% and 80% VO2max. Fasting serum was obtained before and 30-minutes after each bout of exercise. Skeletal muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) were taken before, 30-minutes and 3-hours after the 80% bout. Circulating CTSB and BDNF were assayed in serum. CTSB protein, BDNF protein and mRNA expression were measured in skeletal muscle tissue. Results: Serum CTSB increased by 20±7% (p = 0.02) and 30±18% (p = 0.04) after 80% and VO2max AE bouts, respectively. Serum BDNF showed a small non-significant increase (6±3%; p = 0.09) after VO2max. In skeletal muscle tissue, proCTSB increased 3 h-post AE (87±26%; p < 0.01) with no change in CTSB gene expression. Mature BDNF protein decreased (31±35%; p = 0.03) while mRNA expression increased (131±41%; p < 0.01) 3 h-post AE. Skeletal muscle fiber typing revealed that type IIa and IIx fibers display greater BDNF expression compared to type I (p = 0.02 and p < 0.01, respectively). Conclusions: High intensity AE elicits greater increases in circulating CTSB compared with lower intensities. Skeletal muscle protein and gene expression corroborate the potential role of skeletal muscle in generating and releasing neuroprotective exerkines into the circulation. NEW AND NOTEWORTHY: 1) CTSB is enriched in the circulation in an aerobic exercise intensity dependent manner. 2) Skeletal muscle tissue expresses both message and protein of CTSB and BDNF. 3) BDNF is highly expressed in glycolytic skeletal muscle fibers.
Leukocyte subtypes, gelatinases, and their tissue inhibitors in a group of subjects with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis
Authors: Caimi Gregorio , Urso C. , Brucculeri S. , Amato C. , Lo Presti R. , Carlisi M.
Published: May 2022

In a cohort of subjects with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis (ACA), we have evaluated the neutrophil and lymphocyte count and their ratio (NLR), the gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2). At baseline, no difference was observed between ACA subjects and subject control group regarding neutrophil and lymphocyte count while was evident in ACA subjects a significant increase in MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-2 associated to a significant decrease in TIMP-1. Dividing the ACA according to the number of cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) we have observed an increase in lymphocyte count in the subgroup with 3–5 CRFs. Evaluating the leukocyte subtypes according to all the surrogate markers of insulin resistance has been noted, in the subgroups that exceed the medians of these markers, a significant increase in neutrophil and lymphocyte count without any variation of the NLR. Effecting the same evaluation for the MMP/TIMP pattern we observed, instead, that the same subgroups tend to show a decrease in MMP-2 and an increase in MMP-9. No difference instead for TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. The abnormality of the MMP/TIMP pattern, bearing in mind the cardiometabolic clustering present in this cohort of ACA subjects, would induce to use drugs able not only to cure the cardiometabolic risk factors but also to influence the MMP/TIMP profile.
Comparison of optimization algorithms based on swarm intelligence applied to convolutional neural networks for face recognition
Authors: Melin Patricia , Sánchez Daniela , Castillo Oscar
Published: May 2022

In this work, a comparison of optimization techniques based on swarm intelligence to design Convolutional Neural Networks is performed. The optimization techniques used in this comparison are Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) and Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA). The algorithms design convolutional neural networks (CNNs) architectures applied to face recognition. These techniques were chosen due to their similarity in their processes to find optimal results, such as their searching of prey. The design of CNNs consists of the number of layers (convolutional and fully connected), number and size of the filters, neurons fully connected, batch size, epoch, and algorithm for the learning phase. The simulation results are compared, using a different number of images for the learning phase to know which technique has a better performance using a smaller number of images to CNN design.
Testing Visual Binding by the TMA-93 in People Aged 75 and Over
Authors: García-Roldán Ernesto , Arriola-Infante José Enrique , Méndez-Barrio Carlota , Montiel-Herrera Fátima , Mendoza-Vázquez Gonzalo , Marín-Cabañas Alba Marta , Rodrigo-Herrero Silvia , Luque-Tirado Andrea , Sánchez-Arjona María Bernal , Maillet Didier , Franco-Macías Emilio
Published: May 2022

Background: TMA-93 examines relational binding using images. The test has been proven to be discriminative for diagnosing early Alzheimer’s disease by biomarkers. Norms for this test are available, but the elderly, at high risk for Alzheimer’s disease, have not yet been widely represented. Objective: To extend normative data on the TMA-93 for people aged 75 and over. Methods: An extension of the Spanish TMA-93 normative study was undertaken. Only cognitively unimpaired people aged 75 and over were included. Age, gender, and educational attainment were registered as socio-demographic variables. Using histograms analysis, median comparisons, and linear regression analysis, we selected variables that demonstrated influence on TMA-93 total scores and provided percentile-base reference data according to combinations of those variables. Results: We included 431 new participants, resulting in a total sample of 657 individuals (median age = 78, interquartile range = 76–81, range = 75–93). Percentile-base reference data stratified by a combination of age ranges (75–79, n = 428; and ≥80 years, n = 229), and educational attainment (< first grade, n = 253; first grade, n = 209; > first grade, n = 195) revealed that participants achieved a minimum TMA-93 total score of 26/30 at the 50th-percentile regardless of stratum. At the 10th-percentile, a maximum of 24/30 was achieved in the more educated stratum contrasting with a minimum of 19/30 in the less educated stratum. Conclusion: Although mitigated by lower levels of education, performance on the TMA-93 is widely preserved in cognitively unimpaired people aged 75 and over. The test could facilitate the screening of elderly patients with memory complaints.
Crosstalk Between Gut Microflora and Vitamin D Receptor SNPs Are Associated with the Risk of Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment in a Chinese Elderly Population
Authors: Zhang Kaixia , Ma Xiaoying , Zhang Rui , Liu Zanchao , Jiang Lei , Qin Yushi , Zhang Di , Tian Pei , Gao ZhaoYu , Zhang Nan , Shi Zhongli , Xu Shunjiang
Published: May 2022

Background: The interactions between environmental factors and genetic variants have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The altered gut microbiota (GM) and vitamin D deficiency are closely associated with the higher risk of AD. Objective: This study was performed to evaluate whether the crosstalk between GM and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of vitamin D receptor (VDR) or vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) have a link with the risk of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) in the Chinese elderly population. Methods: A total of 171 aMCI patients and 261 cognitive normal controls (NC) were enrolled in this study. Six tag SNPs of VDR and VDBP were genotyped by PCR-RFLP. The serum levels of vitamin D, Aβ1-42, and p-tau (181P) were determined by using of ELISA kits. The alterations in the GM were analyzed by full-length 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing. Results: The frequencies of AG genotype and A allele of VDR rs1544410 in aMCI group were significantly higher than that in NC group (genotype: p = 0.002, allele: p = 0.003). Patients with aMCI showed an abnormal GM composition compared with NC group. Interestingly, significant differences in GM composition were found between aMCI and NC group among individuals with AG genotype, as well as between individuals with AG and GG genotype of VDR rs1544410 among patients with aMCI. Conclusion: These results implicated that the crosstalk between gut microflora and vitamin D receptor variants are associated with the risk of aMCI in Chinese elderly population.
Astrocyte Dysregulation and Calcium Ion Imbalance May Link the Development of Osteoporosis and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Tsai Yi-Liang , Yen Chieh-Tsung , Wang Yuh-Feng
Published: May 2022

The typical symptoms of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and tau hyperphosphorylation. However, recent studies show that these symptoms are not the cause of the disease but are generated after the pathogenesis. Compared with other types of dementia, AD has the obvious features of pineal gland calcification and decreased melatonin production. The pineal gland is mainly composed of pinealocytes that release melatonin and astrocytes. Astrocytes function to maintain a balanced concentration of calcium ions, provide nerve cell nutrients, and migrate nutrients in vivo. Calcium ions are among the most important neurotransmitters. Once triggered, a calcium wave can be formed between astrocytes to activate other astrocytes to transmit information. Most calcium is stored in the skeleton. Bone tissue is composed mainly of osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts. Of these, osteocyte is a kind of astrocyte which regulates the activity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. The pineal gland is composed mainly of astrocytes; osteocytes are also a kind of astrocyte. Therefore, we conclude that when astrocytes are gradually disabled, calcium may be lost from the bones, prompting osteoporosis. The calcium ions then released into the blood may accumulate and cause ectopic calcification in the pineal gland, which promotes the occurrence of AD. Finally, this study used aspects of drugs and hormones (bone and calcium metabolism hormones and melatonin) to infer the hypothesis, which proposes that astrocyte dysregulation promotes the long-term imbalance of calcium ions in vivo and leads to osteoporosis and AD.
Evaluation of Current Methods to Detect Cellular Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) Kinase Activity
Authors: Fernández Belén , Chittoor-Vinod Vinita G. , Kluss Jillian H. , Kelly Kaela , Bryant Nicole , Nguyen An Phu Tran , Bukhari Syed A. , Smith Nathan , Lara Ordóñez Antonio Jesús , Fdez Elena , Chartier-Harlin Marie-Christine , Montine Thomas J. , Wilson Mark A. , Moore Darren J. , West Andrew B. , Cookson Mark R. , Nichols R. Jeremy , Hilfiker Sabine
Published: May 2022

Background: Coding variation in the Leucine rich repeat kinase 2 gene linked to Parkinson’s disease (PD) promotes enhanced activity of the encoded LRRK2 kinase, particularly with respect to autophosphorylation at S1292 and/or phosphorylation of the heterologous substrate RAB10. Objective: To determine the inter-laboratory reliability of measurements of cellular LRRK2 kinase activity in the context of wildtype or mutant LRRK2 expression using published protocols. Methods: Benchmark western blot assessments of phospho-LRRK2 and phospho-RAB10 were performed in parallel with in situ immunological approaches in HEK293T, mouse embryonic fibroblasts, and lymphoblastoid cell lines. Rat brain tissue, with or without adenovirus-mediated LRRK2 expression, and human brain tissues from subjects with or without PD, were also evaluated for LRRK2 kinase activity markers. Results: Western blots were able to detect extracted LRRK2 activity in cells and tissue with pS1292-LRRK2 or pT73-RAB10 antibodies. However, while LRRK2 kinase signal could be detected at the cellular level with over-expressed mutant LRRK2 in cell lines, we were unable to demonstrate specific detection of endogenous cellular LRRK2 activity in cell culture models or tissues that we evaluated. Conclusion: Further development of reliable methods that can be deployed in multiple laboratories to measure endogenous LRRK2 activities are likely required, especially at cellular resolution.
Effect of virtual reality rehabilitation on functional outcomes for return-to-work patients with Parkinson’s disease: An umbrella review of systematic reviews
Authors: Mangone Massimiliano , Agostini Francesco , de Sire Alessandro , Cacchio Angelo , Chiaramonte Angelo , Butterini Giulia , Martano Andrea , Paoloni Marco , Bernetti Andrea , Paolucci Teresa
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of substantia nigra neurons with deficiency of dopamine. The main symptoms are tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia. Rehabilitation has an important role in the treatment of this condition and virtual reality (VR) is one of the most recent tools. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this umbrella review is to evaluate the effectiveness of VR systems on gait control for return to work in patients with PD. METHODS: The electronic search, for reviews and meta-analysis studies that investigated the effectiveness of VR on gait control in PD patients, was performed through December 2021 using the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, PEDro, and Google Scholar. Mesh terms used were: Job integration/reintegration OR return-to-work AND Parkinson’s disease AND virtual reality OR exergame. No limit on the year of publication of the article was used. CONCLUSIONS: A total of 14 articles were included in our analysis. The included evidence shows a stride length improvement in patients treated with VR compared to conventional active treatments. No difference was found in walking speed. Also, the included articles show an improvement on various measures of balance, motor function and severity of PD motor symptoms. In addition, the literature shows an improvement in the quality of life and neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients undergoing VR rehabilitation training. RESULTS: he results of our study suggest that VR rehabilitation improves gait performance, particularly stride length, thus being able to provide an improvement in the quality of life and a more effective return to work training in patients with PD.
Early Warning System for Emergency Care: Designing a Timely Monitoring Mobile-Based System
Authors: Tanhapour Mozhgan , Rostam Niakan Kalhori Sharareh
Published: May 2022

Early Warning Scores (EWSs) systems support the timely detection of patient deterioration and rapid response of the care team. Due to the mobility nature of healthcare settings, there has been a growing tendency to use mobile-based devices in these settings. This chapter aimed to design a mobile-based EWS application (app). This was a descriptive study to design the architecture of the proposed EWS app. The design of architecture was done using the Unified Modeling Language diagrams including a class diagram, use-case diagram, and activity diagram. We evaluated the architecture using the ARID scenario-based evaluation method. The proposed EWS application (app) was the integration of three EWSs, including NEWS2, PEWS, and MEOWS. The workflow of these EWSs systems was designed and integrated into a single app. Also, the static structure of the proposed EWS app was designed by class diagram and the behavioral structure was depicted by use-case and activity diagrams. The class diagram showed the system components and their relationships. However, the use-case diagram displayed the app’s interaction with its environment, and the activity diagram illustrated how the EWS app processes were carried out. Evaluation results showed the possibility of designing the architecture for the proposed EWS app. In our app, the EWSs were designed in the clinician’s workflow, and it was integrated with the patient’s Electronic Health Record (EHR). These factors may lead to more use of EWSs. Considering the frequency of alerts represented to clinicians and the user-friendly design of the app, some suggestions can be considered by EWS systems developers in the future.
Social Media and the Internet of Things for Emergency and Disaster Medicine Management
Authors: Benis Arriel
Published: May 2022

Social Media and the Internet of Things are nowadays full and strong components of day-to-day life worldwide. Both allow communicating with others 24 hours a day, 7 days a week without distance limitations. During the last decade, on-site citizens have shared disaster-related first reports on social media. Official institutions are using the same framework for delivering up-to-date and follow-up directives. Moreover, monitoring health risks, patients, and systems behavior in real-time over the Internet-of-Things allows detecting different levels of anomalies that might lead to critical events that need to be managed as an emergency. Emergency and disaster medicines deal with broad and complex medical, surgical, mental health, epidemiological, managerial, and communicational issues. Social Media platforms and the Internet of Things are technologies that increase cyber-physical interactions between individuals, machines, and their environment. The generated data over time are massive and are supporting the emergency or disaster mitigation process. This chapter deals with, in the first section, the social media platforms, and the Internet of Things. Then, at a second one, the concepts of emergency, disaster medicine and management are discussed. In the following two sections, we discuss applications and usages of social media and IoT technologies for improving the management (preparedness, response, recovery, mitigation) of emergencies and disasters as fundamental keys and pillars for efficiently handling the managerial information flow in emergency and disaster contexts.
On Appropriate Evaluation Methodologies in the Context of Using Both Accident and Health Record Data
Authors: Haux Reinhold
Published: May 2022

Accident and emergency informatics has become a new approach to accident research in the era of digitization, where it has become realistic to integrate data recorded at accident sites with data in electronic health records of patients. This chapter deals with the question on whether the existing and well-established evaluation methodologies used in accident-centered research as well as in patient-centered research within clinical medicine are sufficient and should also be used for such integrated data or whether they have to be modified or extended. Based on the Gaus-Muche-Nomenclature on studies in clinical medicine, it will be outlined which types of studies are appropriate here. In addition to observational studies and registers, controlled trials using randomization are also be regarded as an important approach for gaining new knowledge. In order to appropriately access data from health records and from accidents, standards for representing and communicating data for such studies will be of importance. Another criterion is referential integrity. Here and with respect to accidents the International Standard Accident Number (ISAN) may be of importance.
ToolPool Gesundheitsforschung – A Repository for Software and Services Focused on Supporting Clinical and Epidemiological Research
Authors: Löbe Matthias ,   Board of Trustees of the ToolPool Gesundheitsforschung, Bialke Martin , Bienzeisler Jonas , Drepper Johannes , Ganslandt Thomas , Haderer Sophie , Kraska Detlef , Lablans Martin , Sax Ulrich , Speer Ronald , Stäubert Sebastian , Kaulke Knut
Published: May 2022

The academic research environment is characterized by self-developed, innovative, customized solutions, which are often free to use for third parties with open-source code and open licenses. On the other hand, they are maintained only to a very limited extent after the end of project funding. The ToolPool Gesundheitsforschung addresses the problem of finding ready to use solutions by building a registry of proven and supported tools, services, concepts and consulting offers. The goal is to provide an up-to-date selection of “relevant” solutions for a given domain that are immediately usable and that are actually used by third parties, rather than aiming at a complete list of all solutions which belong to that domain. Proof of relevance and usage must be provided, for example, by concrete application scenarios, experience reports by uninvolved third parties, references in publications or workshops held. Quality assurance is carried out for new entries by an agreed list of admission criteria, for existing entries at least once a year by a special task force. Currently, 79 solutions are represented, this number is to be significantly expanded by involving of new editors from current national funding initiatives in Germany.
Interdisciplinary Hackathons – A Method to Embed Digitization in Healthcare Education
Authors: Ströckl Daniela E. , Perchtaler Manuela , Oberzaucher Johannes
Published: May 2022

Background: Need for additional methods for interdisciplinary involvement in the development of digital solutions in the health and care education. Objectives: Development of an interdisciplinary and age-inclusive hackathon approach to support and integrate young care students in the care digitization process. Methods: Iterative, interdisciplinary planning, expert-based validation, themed, age-inclusive hackathon implementation. Results: Concept for hackathon, concept evaluation. Conclusion: The hackathon is seen as a valuable addition in the health and care education and will be held as a proof-of-concept in November 2022.
Evaluation of a Regulatory Orientation Guide for Young Entrepreneurs in the Field of Digital Health
Authors: Seifert Oskar , Lukas Tabea , Sohrabi Keywan , Gross Volker , Scholtes Michael
Published: May 2022

Background: The number of software products in the field of health and medicine increases excessively. Self-tracking, fitness, dose calculation, and analysis of physiological data – apps are popular and commonly used. For young entrepreneurs, it is difficult to recognize and understand the distinction between software as medical product and health software products. A product-related orientation guide was developed to help start-ups to understand the difference and to find the right strategy for placing their product on the market. Objectives: An initial evaluation of this orientation guide to improve the comprehensibility, the simplicity, and to validate the benefit. Methods: The evaluation was performed using a questionnaire. In total, 15 employees from start-ups or those in foundation phase and in regulatory affairs positions or comparable were interviewed. Results: the orientation guide was rated as very helpful and comprehensible. 80 % would highly recommend it to others. Conclusion: The orientation guide was positively evaluated and can be used in field. Nevertheless, further investigations must be performed, and a post-market surveillance will be necessary.
Patient Safety Classifications for Health Information Technology (HIT) and Medical Devices: A Review on Available Systems
Authors: Taheri Moghadam Sharare , Hooman Nakysa , Sheikhtaheri Abbas
Published: May 2022

Background: Patient safety classifications are used to collect, classify and analyze patient safety data. Objective: This review was conducted to identify and compare the subject and coverage of existing patient safety classifications for Health Information Technology (HIT) and medical devices in which HIT may cover. Methods: All studies in patient safety that developed or extended any type of classification in HIT and medical devices were included. We identified and classified the covered concepts in these systems. Results: We identified 7 articles that met all of the inclusion criteria, resulting in 6 classifications. The most common patient safety subjects included adverse events and medication errors. Incident types and contributing factors/hazards were the most frequently covered concepts. Conclusions: Patient safety classifications in HIT cover more concepts and classes than medical device classifications. It is therefore recommended to improve existing classification systems in terms of covered concepts and classes.
Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment Serious Games: A Systematic Analysis in Smartphone Application Markets
Authors: Sabermahani Farveh , Almasi-Dooghaee Mostafa , Sheikhtaheri Abbas
Published: May 2022

Background: Patients with Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment can employ serious games to assess and improve their cognitive status. Objectives: To determine the cognitive aspects of the MMSE and ACE-R tests that are supported by available games. Methods: We searched cognitive games available in online application markets (Play Store, Galaxy Store, and App Store) using keywords: Alzheimer’s Disease, dementia, and mild cognitive impairment. Game scenarios were extracted and assessed by a neurologist to determine the appropriateness of the scenarios for patients and cognitive aspects supported by the games. Results: We found 416 games; 135 of them were duplicates, and 237 of them were completely irrelevant to the study objective. A neurologist evaluated the remaining scenarios to see if aspects of each scenario matched the MMSE and ACE- R tests. There were 37 scenarios left in the end. These scenarios are associated with 18 different games. Most of the available scenarios are suitable for attention and orientation. Conclusion: Existing cognitive games may be used to several different cognitive aspects. Some of these scenarios have been used to assess cognitive status, while others have been used to improve it. The majority of available cognitive games have not been subjected to any research. As a result, it is unclear what impact they could have on the cognitive condition of the elderly with cognitive impairment. As a result, it is critical to assess these games.
Design Requirements for a (Tele-) Rehabilitation Platform: Results from a Participatory Process
Authors: Krainer Daniela , Wohofsky Lukas , Schubert Peter
Published: May 2022

Background: Teletherapy has the potential to foster therapy efficiency by supporting the whole therapy process. Objectives: In the ongoing project REHA2030 a service model and technology platform for telerehabilitation of stroke patients is developed. Methods: To provide a user-friendly solution, a human-centered design process was employed throughout the whole project, where stakeholders from different professions were involved. Results: Aiming at a comprehensive approach that includes the whole therapy process, structural elements from the patient data administration through planning and monitoring of exercises to documentation and reporting and communication possibilities were implemented. Flexibility in the setting and multi-professional usage with one interaction point for the patient – independent of the type of therapy – were crucial outcomes for a high user experience. Conclusion: The platform, consisting of a tablet with an app, integrable therapy devices for the patient and a web-interface for the therapist will be tested and evaluated within the project with 12 participants (patients and therapists) in a real-life setting.
Measuring Sustainable Development Goals in cities, towns and rural areas: The new Degree of Urbanisation1
Authors: Dijkstra Lewis , Galic Aleksandra , Brandmüller Teodora
Published: May 2022

The UN Sustainable Development Goals include a range of indicators that incorporate measurements for cities and urban and rural areas. Whereas the methodology for the indicators is harmonised, the definition of urban and rural areas were not National definitions of urban and rural areas differ significantly and make them unsuitable for international comparisons. In 2020, the UN Statistical Commission endorsed a harmonised definition of cities, towns and rural areas for international comparison, called the Degree of Urbanisation. This new method based on a population grid allows for a harmonised comparison of urbanisation across the globe. First estimates indicate that national definitions in several African and Asian countries show substantially higher rural population shares as compared to the harmonised definition. By contrast, rural population shares based on national definitions in Europe and the Americas tend to be similar of lower as compared to the harmonised definition. Comparing the population in large cities based on national definitions and the Degree of Urbanisation reveals a high level of agreement.
Modular ontology modeling
Authors: Shimizu Cogan , Hammar Karl , Hitzler Pascal
Published: May 2022

Reusing ontologies for new purposes, or adapting them to new use-cases, is frequently difficult. In our experiences, we have found this to be the case for several reasons: (i) differing representational granularity in ontologies and in use-cases, (ii) lacking conceptual clarity in potentially reusable ontologies, (iii) lack and difficulty of adherence to good modeling principles, and (iv) a lack of reuse emphasis and process support available in ontology engineering tooling. In order to address these concerns, we have developed the Modular Ontology Modeling (MOMo) methodology, and its supporting tooling infrastructure, CoModIDE (the Comprehensive Modular Ontology IDE – “commodity”). MOMo builds on the established eXtreme Design methodology, and like it emphasizes modular development and design pattern reuse; but crucially adds the extensive use of graphical schema diagrams, and tooling that support them, as vehicles for knowledge elicitation from experts. In this paper, we present the MOMo workflow in detail, and describe several useful resources for executing it. In particular, we provide a thorough and rigorous evaluation of CoModIDE in its role of supporting the MOMo methodology’s graphical modeling paradigm. We find that CoModIDE significantly improves approachability of such a paradigm, and that it displays a high usability.
Cost analysis of supply chain management of Da Vinci surgical instruments: A retrospective study
Authors: Luo Guiyuan , Liao Dan , Lin Wenjin , Chen Liuyun , Chen Xiaojun , Yao Dianye
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND: Da Vinci surgery is used extensively, but the high costs of the surgical instrument are a serious clinical and management problem. OBJECTIVE: To reduce the cost of the Da Vinci robotic surgical instrument supply chain. METHODS: Patients were selected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. Control group patients underwent Da Vinci robot-assisted surgery between January 2019 and June 2019 (control group). Patients who were operated with the same robot from July 2019 to December 2019 were selected as the experimental group (SCM group). The cost analysis and comparison were carried out to integrate instrument sets, working hours, workforce expenditure, and direct and indirect expenses. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the number of instrument packages was lower (4.5 ± 1.4 vs. 11.5 ± 1.6, P< 0.001) and the personnel’s awareness of the instruments was higher (92.3 ± 4.2 vs. 83.4 ± 3.7, P< 0.001) in the SCM group. The SCM group showed lower processing time per device (8.1 ± 1.6 vs. 44.2 ± 5.6 min, P< 0.001) and lower costs per surgical instrument (RMB 11.5 ± 2.3 vs. 60.3 ± 10.2, P< 0.001). CONCLUSION: The application of the supply chain management can reduce the costs of robotic surgery, improve work efficiency and decrease the failure rate of instruments.