bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PKM Usaha Florist dan Keripik Sayur Aneka Rasa Menuju Petani Happy sebagai Upaya Penanggulangan Anxiety Disorder pada Kelompok Pemuda Tani Malang
Authors: Sasmito Cahyo , Arvianti Eri Yusnita , Hastutiningtas Wahidyanti Rahayu , Suhardi Alfianus
Published: December 2024

The Student Creativity Program (PKM) focuses on developing a flower shop and various flavored vegetable chip businesses in Sumberejo Village. The goal is to overcome anxiety disorders in local young farmer groups through productive and creative activities. The flower shop business offers flower arrangement training that can improve aesthetic skills and provide relaxation therapy. Meanwhile, producing various flavored vegetable chips aims to utilize local agricultural products, increase product-added value, and provide healthy food alternatives. These businesses are expected to create jobs, increase income, and provide psychological support through active involvement in community activities. Through this holistic approach, it is hoped that the emotional and economic well-being of the young generation of Sumberejo can be achieved, making them more productive, happy, and able to overcome anxiety positively and constructively.ABSTRAKProgram Kreativitas Mahasiswa (PKM) fokus pada pengembangan usaha toko bunga dan keripik sayur aneka rasa di Desa Sumberejo. Tujuannya untuk mengatasi gangguan kecemasan pada kelompok pemuda tani setempat melalui kegiatan yang produktif dan kreatif. Bisnis toko bunga menawarkan pelatihan merangkai bunga yang dapat meningkatkan keterampilan estetika dan memberikan terapi relaksasi. Sedangkan produksi keripik sayur aneka rasa bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan produk pertanian lokal, meningkatkan nilai tambah produk, dan memberikan alternatif pangan sehat. Kedua usaha ini diharapkan dapat menciptakan lapangan kerja, meningkatkan pendapatan, dan memberikan dukungan psikologis melalui keterlibatan aktif dalam kegiatan masyarakat. Melalui pendekatan holistik ini diharapkan kesejahteraan emosional dan ekonomi generasi muda Sumberejo dapat tercapai, menjadikan mereka lebih produktif dan bahagia, serta mampu mengatasi kecemasan secara positif dan konstruktif.
Pengaruh Fatherless terhadap Perilaku Agresif Verbal dan Nonverbal Siswa Kelas XI Di SMK X Kediri
Authors: Marwa Mentari , Utami Wahyu , Azzahra Waquroti
Published: December 2024

The absence of a father, both physically and psychologically, has a profound impact on the emotional and social development of children, particularly increasing aggressive tendencies in those lacking the support of both parents during upbringing. This study employed a quantitative approach, utilizing questionnaires to measure levels of fatherless and student aggression. Data were collected from 60 students and analyzed using Chi-square tests to determine the relationship between fatherless and aggressive behavior. The findings revealed that the majority of students experienced moderate levels of fatherless. Validity and reliability tests of the questionnaires indicated that the data were trustworthy. The primary outcome of this research is the significant influence of father absence on both verbal and nonverbal aggressive behaviors in students. The Asymp. Sig. value in the Chi-square test was 0.001, indicating a significant relationship. The predominant form of aggressive behavior identified was verbal aggression, such as swearing and insults, while nonverbal aggressive behaviors, like hitting and pinching, were found at lower levels.
MODEL SISTEM DINAMIK KETERSEDIAAN AIR BERSIH DI IKN: ANALISIS PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN PENDUDUK DAN DEFORESTASI
Authors: Wijayanto Mirda Prisma , Zakia Zulfa Siti
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis ketersediaan air bersih serta estimasi waktu terjadinya krisis air bersih di Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN) dengan mempertimbangkan pengaruh pertumbuhan penduduk dan deforestasi. Sebagai langkah pertama, kami membentuk model matematika berupa seperangkat persamaan diferensial orde satu untuk tiga variabel penelitian yaitu kuantitas air bersih , populasi penduduk , serta luas lahan . Selanjutnya kami menentukan solusi analitik dari model tersebut. Berikutnya, kami melakukan simulasi hasil penelitian dengan berbagai variasi nilai parameter. Parameter kontrol dalam penelitian ini adalah curah hujan akibat perubahan iklim secara alami. Sedangkan parameter bebas meliputi laju pertumbuhan penduduk, laju konsumsi air bersih, serta laju deforestasi. Berdasarkan analisis hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa untuk laju deforestasi yang tetap kuantitas air bersih semakin menurun seiring meningkatnya laju pertumbuhan penduduk dan laju konsumsi air bersih. Untuk laju pertumbuhan penduduk dan laju konsumsi air bersih yang tetap, kuantitas air bersih semakin menurun seiring meningkatnya laju deforestasi. Berdasarkan model kami, didapatkan skenario terbaik yaitu ketika laju pertumbuhan penduduk 1,25% per tahun, laju konsumsi air bersih 50 m3 per orang/tahun, dan laju deforestasi 2% per tahun. Pada kondisi ini, didapatkan nilai estimasi waktu terjadinya krisis air yaitu  (tahun), terhitung sejak awal mulainya pembangunan IKN. Sedangkan skenario terburuk yaitu ketika laju pertumbuhan penduduk 3% per tahun, laju konsumsi air bersih 60 m3 per orang/tahun, dan laju deforestasi 2% per tahun. Pada kondisi ini, didapatkan nilai  (tahun).
You Better Be Glad I Love My Job!
Authors: Mitchell J. Keith , Sullivan C. Michelle , Cole Keith , Harris Ken
Published: December 2024

Purpose - This paper investigates the effect of job satisfaction as it moderates the relationship between intent to turnover and role overload when deviant behavior is the dependent variable.
Design/methodology/approach - A survey was used with a sample size of 171. Findings- Results show that despite prior research to the contrary, role overload is negatively associated with deviant behavior. Also, we confirmed that job satisfaction buffers role overload and intent to turnover.
Practical implications - The findings offer important insights into the power of job satisfaction. When the employees are content with their role, they are willing to deal with conditions that are less than ideal.
Originality - This study extends our understanding of the effect of job satisfaction in a negative environment. It also demonstrates the need to revisit the relationship between role overload and deviant behavior.
The Accuracy of Multiples Used to Estimate the Market Value of Large U.S. Pharmaceutical Companies
Authors: McManus Ginette , Sharma Rajneesh
Published: December 2024

Many researchers and analysts have shown that expensing R&Ds can distort the profitability measures and market value estimates of R&D intensive firms and treat R&Ds as assets. This paper assesses the valuation accuracy of five goodwill, five enterprise and two price multipliers that can be used to estimate the market values of large U.S. pharmaceutical companies with significant R&D expenditures during the 2010-2022 period. Our results support that goodwill multipliers generally provide the smallest estimation errors of the market values of pharmaceutical firms with significant R&Ds and that gross profit is a superior measure of the profitability of these firms.
AVUSTRALYA BASININDA LOZAN BARIŞ ANTLAŞMASI ÜZERİNE DEĞERLENDİRMELER
Authors: Özcan Orhan
Published: December 2024

Lozan Antlaşması, Türk milletinin bağımsızlık iradesini uluslararası alanda kabul ettirdiği büyük bir zafer olarak görülmüş ve yeni Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin eski imparatorluğun küllerinden doğarak bağımsız bir güç olarak dünya sahnesine çıkmasını sağlamıştır. Avustralya basını, Lozan’ı Batı’nın Doğu’ya bakışında bir dönüm noktası olarak değerlendirmiş ve antlaşmanın sömürgeci düzenin temelini sarsarak ulusların kendi kaderini tayin etme hakkını ön plana çıkardığını vurgulamıştır. Bu çerçevede Lozan, Batı ile Doğu arasındaki ilişkilerin yeniden tanımlandığı bir süreç olarak ele alınmıştır. Avustralya basınına göre, Lozan’da kazanılan zafer, uzak topraklarda verilen bir bağımsızlık mücadelesinin emperyalist güçlerin eski yöntemlerinin geçerliliğini yitirdiğini gösteren önemli bir diplomatik başarıdır.

Çalışmada, İstanbul İşgal Kuvvetleri Komutanı Charles Harington’un İngiliz ordusuna yönelik mesajıyla birlikte Avustralya basınında yer alan üç yorum ve analiz niteliğindeki haber incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, Avustralya basınında Lozan Antlaşması sonrasında (25-31 Temmuz 1923) yer alan haberlere yer verilmiştir. Araştırma yöntemi olarak, kaynak taraması, sınıflandırma, çözümleme, eleştiri ve sentez aşamaları uygulanmıştır.
Uluslararası Deniz Güvenliği Hukuku Bağlamında İnsansız Deniz Araçları Aracılığıyla İşlenen Suçlar
Authors: Çorum Hamza
Published: December 2024

Otonom ve uzaktan kumanda edilerek seyredebilen insansız deniz araçları denizlerde pek çok alanda kullanılmaya başlamaktadır. Bu araçların denizlerde suç işlemek maksadıyla kullanılması bu alanlardan biridir ve sundukları kabiliyetler bu araçların bu alanda kullanımının gelecekte artmasına sebep olabileceğine işaret etmektedir. Deniz haydutluğu, şiddet, göçmen ve yasaklı mal trafiği gibi pek çok suç fiilinin bu araçlar aracılığıyla işlenebilecek olması, deniz güvenliği hukukunun bu suçların önlenmesi bakımından güncelliğinin sorgulanmasına yol açmaktadır. Nitekim denizlerde suçların geleneksel gemiler ve üzerlerindeki mürettebat ile işleneceği varsayımıyla hazırlanan mevcut deniz güvenlik hukuku kaynaklarının bu suçların bir insansız deniz aracı aracılığıyla işlenmesi durumunda ne ölçüde uygulanabilir olduğu hukuki analize ihtiyaç duyar. En başta bu insansız araçların “gemi” olarak sınıflandırılıp sınıflandırılamayacağı hususu dahi hukuki bir değerlendirme gerektirir. Üstelik gemi statüsüne sahip olmak, örneğin deniz taşımacılığında kullanılacak bir insansız deniz aracı için pek çok sorunu çözerken, faillerin bir başka devletin ülkesinde bulunduğu durumlarda deniz güvenliği hukuku bakımından emsalsiz yeni sorunlar doğurmaktadır. Bu sorunlardan en önemlisi deniz hukukunun suçların önlenmesinde devletlere denizlere tanıdığı yargı yetkisinin insansız deniz araçlarının başka devletlerin kara parçasında bulunan operatörlerine ulaşmak için işlevsiz kalmasıdır. Bu nedenle deniz güvenliğinin sağlanması için artık denizlerde olduğu kadar karada da devletlerin kolluk vazifelerinde bulunması gerekebilir. Bu gerekliliğin sonucu olarak, çalışmanın sonunda öngörüldüğü üzere, deniz güvenliğini sağlamak için devletlerin denizlerdekine benzer şekilde deniz güvenliğini tehdit eden kara unsurlarına karşı uluslararası iş birliği içerisinde olması faydalı olacaktır.
Sosialisasi Perubahan Undang-Undang Perkawinan Mengenai Batas Usia Perkawinan bagi Laki-Laki dan Perempuan di Desa Bantarsari
Authors: Islami Irfan , Alawiyah Jufri Ely , Kharis Umardani Mohammad
Published: December 2024

Perkawinan merupakan suatu peristiwa yang berharga dalam kehidupan manusia, berbagai norma dan aturan terikat dalam suatu ikatan perkawinan, norma agama, norma adat, norma sosial, dan norma hukum. Keberlangsungan perkawinan penting dibekali suatu pemahaman yang baik, karena jika perkawinan diawali dengan niat, persiapan dan proses yang baik akan mempengaruhi kebertahanan dalam ikatan perkawinan. Dalam hal ini Negara telah mengatur hukum keluarga dalam suatu peraturan perundang-undangan, yaitu Undang-Undang No.1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan yang telah diamandemen menjadi Undang-Undang No. 16 Tahun 2019 Tentang Perubahan Undang-Undang Perkawinan. Namun pemahaman terhadap pembangunan hukum keluarga selama ini memang terkesan didominasi hanya terfokus terhadap hal-hal yang normatif semata. Dalam ranah praktis perlu adanya pendekatan pemahaman kepada masyarakat berkaitan dengan hukum keluarga dan permasalahannya. Berbagai persoalan, seperti seringnya  bertengkar, hilangnya rasa kecocokan, KDRT, faktor ekonomi, hingga perselingkuhan sering jadi sumber masalah keretakan hubungan rumah tangga yang berujung pada perceraian. Kegiatan penyuluhan ini merupakan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada masyarakat tentang hukum perkawinan dan permasalahannya khususnya bagi warga Desa Bantarsari Kabupaten Bogor. Hasil dari kegiatan ini bertambahnya wawasan dan pengetahuan warga tentang hukum perkawinan dan memahami penyelesaian hukum dalam permasalahan perkawinan.
NIGELLA SATIVA L.: AN OVERVIEW
Authors: Gürel Şirin Hatice , Çiçek Polat Derya
Published: December 2024

Objective: Nigella sativa L. (Ranunculaceae) is an annual herbaceous plant indigenous to the Mediterranean region and Western Asia globally. It is cultivated in Türkiye, especially in Isparta, Burdur and Afyonkarahisar. While its seeds are known for their characteristic black color in many languages, in Türkiye, it is recognized as "çörek otu". Traditionally, its seeds have been utilized for addressing rheumatism, bronchitis, colds, asthma and inflammatory conditions, as well as to enhance milk production in lactating mothers, aid digestion, and combat parasitic infections. Meanwhile, its oil is applied to address skin issues like boils and eczema. Additionally, because of its pungent bitter flavor and fragrance, it serves as a seasoning in Middle Eastern and Indian cuisines. The purpose of this review is to undertake a thorough analysis of the literature concerning the scientific classification and morphology, traditional uses pharmacological effects and phytochemistry of the plant.
Result and Discussion: Nigella seeds contain abundant carbohydrates, proteins, fat, essential amino acids, diverse minerals and vitamins. The seeds contain 30-40% fixed oil, with 50-60% of the fixed oil consisting of unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid and linoleic acid. The seeds furthermore contain 0.4-0.45% essential oil. The primary constituents of the essential oil include thymoquinone, carvacrol, p-cymene, thymol, t-anethole, α-terpinene and pinene. Additionally, the seeds comprise alkaloids like nigellimine, nigellicine, nigellamine, and nigellidine; saponins such as hederin and hederagenin; and compounds carrying various coumarin structures. The aerial parts are rich in flavonoid compounds such as nigelflavonoside B, nigelloside, quercetin, kaempferol, and rutin. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihistaminic, anti-aging, antihypertensive, anticoagulant, antimicrobial, antihelminthic, antineoplastic, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, neuroprotective, and wound healing activities of Nigella sativa have been identified through in vitro, in vivo, and clinical research. In conclusion, Nigella sativa L. (black cumin) is a valuable medicinal plant with versatile health benefits. Further exploration of its therapeutic applications holds great promise for the development of new pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals to combat various ailments and improve human health.
ОБОРОНА МАРІУПОЛЯ (24 ЛЮТОГО – 20 ТРАВНЯ 2022 р.)
Authors: Бенчук Віталій Олександрович , Трофимович Володимир Васильович
Published: December 2024

Оборона Маріуполя 24 лютого – 20 травня 2022 р. є однією з найтрагічніших сторінок російсько-української війни. У повному оточенні опинилися понад 450 тисяч цивільного населення та Сили оборони України. Жителі міста були позбавлені базових потреб – їжі, води, тепла та безпечних умов життя, у результаті чого загинула невстановлена кількість жертв(за деякими підрахунками, щонайменше 20 тисяч осіб). Маріупольський гарнізон, проявивши мужність і героїзм, змушений був здатися у полон. У статті відображені бої за Маріуполь із аналізом загального розвитку подій, врахуванням військових, суспільних і міжнародних чинників. Таким чином авторам вдалося з’ясувати, що місто не було готове до оборони, її підготовка тривала вже в умовах боїв за нього. Ключовими подіями, що вплинули на його оточення, стали безперешкодний прохід російських військ зі сторони Криму, а також прорив лінії фронту на Волноваському напрямку. Захисники міста розділили його на чотири сектори оборони, роблячи все можливе для стримування ворога. Але останній мав колосальну перевагу в живій силі, озброєнні та військової техніки й тому поступово звужував кільце оборони. При захопленні міста агресори знищували його методично, квадрат за квадратом, піддаючи артилерійському та ракетно-бомбовому ударам цивільні об’єкти і мирне населення. Такі методи захоплення призвели до проведення аналогій із сирійським містом Алеппо, яке росіяни так само знищили. Маріуполь перетворився на місто-привид, населення якого зазнало справжніх жахіть. А для Сил оборони України бої за Маріуполь стали символом звитяги, витримки та вірності своїй Батьківщині.
Pengaruh Perputaran Persediaan dan Kas terhadap Rentabilitas Ekonomi: Studi pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sub Sektor Makanan dan Minuman di BEI (2018-2022)
Authors: Suryatmojo Andrean
Published: December 2024

This study is motivated by the importance of efficiency in managing inventory and cash for manufacturing companies, particularly in the food and beverage sub-sector, to maintain optimal financial performance and competitiveness in an increasingly competitive market. The study aims to analyze the effect of inventory turnover and cash turnover on economic profitability in manufacturing companies within the food and beverage sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2018-2022 period. The population of this study consists of 25 companies, and the sample was selected using a non-probability sampling method, specifically purposive sampling, based on certain criteria relevant to the research objectives. Additionally, linear regression analysis was employed to identify the relationship between the independent and dependent variables, and the coefficient of determination analysis was applied to measure how much the independent variables explain the variability of the dependent variable. The results of this study reveal that both inventory turnover and cash turnover have a significant impact on economic profitability, indicating that efficiency in managing these two aspects is crucial for improving a company's financial performance.
 
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya efisiensi dalam pengelolaan persediaan dan kas bagi perusahaan manufaktur, terutama di sub sektor makanan dan minuman, untuk mempertahankan kinerja keuangan yang optimal serta daya saing di pasar yang semakin kompetitif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh perputaran persediaan dan perputaran kas terhadap rentabilitas ekonomi pada perusahaan manufaktur sub sektor makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode 2018-2022. Populasi penelitian ini terdiri dari 25 perusahaan, dan sampel dipilih menggunakan metode non-probability sampling, khususnya teknik purposive sampling, berdasarkan kriteria tertentu yang relevan dengan tujuan penelitian. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi analisis statistik deskriptif, uji asumsi klasik seperti uji multikolinearitas, serta uji hipotesis menggunakan uji t dan uji F. Selain itu, analisis regresi linear digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara variabel independen dan dependen, dan analisis koefisien determinasi diterapkan untuk mengukur seberapa besar variabel independen mampu menjelaskan variabilitas variabel dependen. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa baik perputaran persediaan maupun perputaran kas memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap rentabilitas ekonomi, menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi dalam pengelolaan kedua aspek ini penting untuk meningkatkan kinerja keuangan perusahaan.
Analisis Rasio Likuiditas dan Profitabilitas untuk Menilai Kinerja Keuangan pada Perusahaan Rokok yang Tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2021-2023
Authors: Yesi Ernanda Florentina
Published: December 2024

This research discusses the financial performance of the cigarette industry listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in terms of liquidity ratios and profitability ratios.The research objective is to analyze the financial performance of the cigarette industry   listed   on   the   Indonesian   Stock   Exchange.   The population in this study is the cigarette industry listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. Data collection techniques use external data and download journals and books related to research. The results of the analysis use liquidity ratios using the Current Ratio and Cash Ratio methods and profitability ratios using the Return On Assets and Return On Equity methods at PT. Gudang Garam Tbk, PT. Handjaya Mandala Sampoerna Tbk and PT Indonesian Tobacco Tbk have unhealthy performance based on industry standards One of the factors that causes companies to lose money is  public awareness of health, industrial competition, new types of products such as vapes which are considered healthier and the construction of new factories so that companies have to spend more on operational costs than usual.
Penelitian ini membahas mengenai bagaimana kinerja keuangan industri rokok yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia dilihat dari rasio likuiditas dan rasio profitabilitas. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis kinerja keuangan industri rokok yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah industri rokok yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek  Indonesi. Ada tiga sampel yang digunakan yaitu PT. Gudang Garam Tbk, PT. Handjaya Mandala Sampoerna Tbk dan PT Indonesian Tobacco Tbk. Metode penelitian kualitatif dengan data sekunder.Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan data eksternal dan mengdownload jurnal maupun buku terkait penelitian. Hasil analisis menggunakan rasio  likuiditas menggunakan metode current ratio dan cash ratio serta rasio profitabilitas menggunakan metode return on assets dan return on equity pada PT. Gudang Garam Tbk, PT. Handjaya Mandala Sampoerna  Tbk  dan  PT  Indonesian Tobacco  Tbk  memiliki kinerja yang tidak sehat berdasarkan standar industri menurut (Kasmir, 2016). Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan perusaan merugi adalah kesadaran masyarakat akan kesehatan, persaingan industri, produk jenis baru seperti Vape yang dianggap lebih sehat dan adanya pembangunan pabrik baru sehingga perusahaan harus mengeluarkan lebih banyak biaya operasional dibandingkan dengan biasanya.
Enhancement of High-Temperature Thermoelectric Properties in Pd-decorated Bi-Sb-Te System
Authors: Park Hyunjin , Chun Seunghyun , Kim Junsu , Kim Young-Woo , Lee Changwoo , Seo Won-Seon , Kim Sang-il , Lee Hyosun , Kim Hyun-Sik
Published: December 2024

Bismuth antimony telluride (Bi-Sb-Te)-based alloys remain the dominant choice for near-roomtemperature thermoelectric cooling applications. One of the most studied approaches to improve the thermoelectric performance of Bi-Sb-Te alloys has been a nanostructuring strategy, to suppress the lattice thermal conductivity. This study investigates the impact of incorporating reduced pyrolyzed Pd acetate within a Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 matrix, building upon recent advancements in nanostructured Bi-Sb-Te alloys. While Pd acetate addition lowers the thermoelectric figure-of-merit (zT) at low temperatures, due to a corresponding increase in carrier concentration, it significantly enhances zT at higher temperatures. Notably, at 473 K, the addition of 0.02 wt.% Pd acetate increased zT by 32% (from 0.41 to 0.54) compared to the pristine sample. Above 423 K, the average zT improved by approximately 21% (from 0.44 to 0.53) in the 0.02 wt.% Pd acetate sample, primarily due to reduced bipolar conduction. Effective Mass (EM) modeling was employed to analyze band parameters. With the addition of Pd acetate, the density-of-states effective mass (md*) generally increased, while non-degenerate mobility (µ0) decreased. At 473 K, the thermoelectric quality factor increased by 42% (from 0.125 to 0.177) with 0.02 wt.% Pd acetate addition, indicating an improved theoretical maximum zT. These findings demonstrate the potential of incorporating Pd acetate for enhancing high-temperature thermoelectric performance in Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3.
Empirical Optimization of Biomass-Derived Hard Carbon Anode for Efficient Sodium Storage
Authors: Lee So Hyun , Lee Sang Jun , Jeong Su Hwan , Lee Hyun Kung , Kim Hyunseok , Choi Jinwoo , Kim Joo-Hyung
Published: December 2024

Hard carbon is widely recognized as the most promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Hard carbon is a non-graphitizable carbon characterized by a turbostratic structure with disordered stacking of carbon layers, each consisting of a few nanometer-sized graphene layers. It remains difficult to graphitize even at temperatures above 2500°C. This unique structure, combined with its low cost, high electrical conductivity, low working voltage, and high capacity, allows hard carbon to achieve exceptional sodium ion storage performance. These characteristics make it the most commercially viable anode material. Recent research has also actively explored the use of biomass instead of high-cost inorganic materials, to reduce production costs, minimize pollution from biomass incineration, and reduce the significant amounts of biological waste produced annually. This study investigates the performance of hard carbon anodes derived from lignin, with commercial graphite serving as a control. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) were utilized to analyze their crystallographic structures, microstructures, and surface elemental compositions. Electrochemical performance was evaluated using electrolytes consisting of 1M NaPF6 in EC/DEC (1:1 v/v) with 5 wt% FEC and 1M NaPF6 in DEGDME. By comparing the electrochemical characteristics of hard carbon and graphite under different electrolyte conditions, this study demonstrates the potential of hard carbon as a promising anode material for sodium-ion battery applications.
A Simple Solid-State Direct Bonding Process for Fabrication of Ohmic Contacts on n-type Mg3Sb2-xBix-based Thermoelectric Materials
Authors: Joo Sung-Jae , Jang JeongIn , Son Ji-Hee , Park JongHo , Kim Kim , Min Bok-Ki
Published: December 2024

N-type Mg3Sb2-xBix materials are expected to replace n-type bismuth telluride because they are more abundant in the Earth's crust and lower in cost. However, the metallization process of this material, which is essential to develop modules, has been relatively under-researched. According to the literature, one-step sintering process based on powder metallurgy is mostly used to form an ohmic bonding layer on n-type Mg3Sb2-xBix materials. However, this method is not reproducible nor practical, and is unsuitable for industrial mass production. This paper presents a new, simple method for metallization, the solid-state direct bonding of Mg and Cu foils on sintered n-type Mg3Sb2-xBix. It employs interdiffusion between the thermoelectric material and the metal layer at elevated temperatures to form a tight and robust bond. Mgwas chosen as the contact metal so that the interdiffusion of Mg would not cause a Mg deficiency in the Mg3Sb2-xBix near the interface. Then, a Cu layer was selected as the second metal to wrap around the Mg layer so that the subsequent soldering process could be the same as that of bismuth telluride. Solid-state bonding with the Mg/Cu double layer formed a structurally perfect joint at 723 K. When the temperature of the solid-state bonding exceeded 750 K, the eutectic point of Mg and Cu, the Mg layer was lost due to liquid phase formation. Solid-phase bonding at 723 K produced no noticeable change in the Seebeck coefficient near the interface, which would be caused by the outdiffusion of Mg from the n-Mg3Sb2-xBix. The specific contact resistance was about 53.8 μΩ cm2. This is superior to the values reported for n-type Bi2Te3-based materials. In this study, we also fabricated a Mg3Sb2-xBix (n)-Bi2Te3 (p) hybrid thermoelectric module and evaluated the output characteristics, which confirmed the high applicability of our solid-state bonding process.
KETERGANTUNGAN MASYARAKAT MISKIN DAN DILEMA KEBIJAKAN SOSIAL: STUDI PADA IMPLEMENTASI BANTUAN SOSIAL PROGRAM KELUARGA HARAPAN
Authors: Haliim Wimmy , Hakim Andy Ilman
Published: December 2024

ABSTRAK
Persoalan kemiskinan seringkali dihubungkan dengan kemampuan birokrasi dalam mengakselerasi penyelesaian dan pengentasan masyarakat miskin. Salah satu kebijakan sosial yang berupaya meningkatkan akses keluarga miskin terhadap layanan dasar dan mendorong peningkatan kualitas hidup adalah Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH). Ironinya masih banyak masyarakat yang terjebak dalam jerat kemiskinan dan justru memunculkan persoalan-persoalan baru dalam implementasi PKH. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif yang berlokasi di Kabupaten Malang, artikel ini berupaya untuk mengidentifikasi persoalan dalam implementasi kebijakan sosial, serta dampaknya terhadap masyarakat miskin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beberapa dampak yang bersifat paradoks seperti ketergantungan masyarakat miskin pada bantuan pemerintah dan mengarah pada siklus kemiskinan yang berulang, serta meningkatnya penerima PKH setiap tahunnya. Analisa penulis menjelaskan bahwa hal ini disebabkan karena adanya perilaku menyimpang para aktor yang memanfaatkan kelemahan sistem implementasi PKH untuk memperoleh keuntungan pribadi di luar visi program. Orientasi para aktor mengarah pada perilaku yang destruktif seperti korupsi oleh pendamping PKH dan penyalahgunaan bantuan sosial oleh Keluarga Penerima Manfaat (KPM). Fenomena tersebut tidak saja menggambarkan patologi birokrasi dan sosial, namun justru menciptakan ketergantungan dan menjadi hambatan dalam upaya masyarakat miskin untuk keluar dari jerat kemiskinan.
 
Kata Kunci: Kemiskinan, Patologi, Kebijakan Sosial
SEREBRAL PALSİLİ ÇOCUKLARDA EPİLEPSİNİN FİZİKSEL, BİLİŞSEL, GÖRME, İŞİTME, KONUŞMA, İLETİŞİM VE BESLENME FONKSİYONLARINA ETKİSİ
Authors: Seyhan Bıyık Kübra , Günbey Ceren , Özal Cemil , Tunçdemir Merve , Üneş Sefa , Delioğlu Kıvanç , Kerem Günel Mintaze , Anlar Banu
Published: December 2024

Epilepsi, serebral palsili (SP) çocuklarda yaygın görülen bir semptomdur. Bu çalışmanın amacı epilepsinin SP’li çocukların fiziksel, bilişsel, görme, işitme, konuşma, iletişim ve beslenme fonksiyonlarına etkisini incelemekti. Çalışmaya 297 SP’li çocuk dahil edildi. Avrupa Serebral Palsi Surveyans (SCPE) sistemi değerlendirme formu ile kaydedilen çocukların epilepsi ve fonksiyonel durumları retrospektif olarak tarandı. Fiziksel, iletişim, konuşma ve beslenme fonksiyonları Kaba Motor Fonksiyon Sınıflandırma Sistemi, El Becerileri Sınıflandırma Sistemi, İletişim Fonksiyonları Sınıflandırma Sistemi, Viking Konuşma Ölçeği ve Yeme-içme Becerisi Sınıflandırma Sistemine göre belirlendi. Epilepsinin fonksiyonlar üzerine etkisi Chi Square testi ve Cramer’s V ile incelendi. Epilepsi, SP’li çocuklarda kaba motor (p
Veri Gölleri ve Türkiye'deki Kurumların Veri Mimarisi Geliştirme Süreçlerine Entegrasyonu: Bir Model Önerisi
Authors: Ankaralı Ela , Külcü Özgür
Published: December 2024

Bu makalede, dijital dönüşüm süreciyle birlikte büyük veri yönetiminde karşılaşılan zorluklara çözüm olarak veri gölü yaklaşımı ele alınmakta ve bu yaklaşımın Türkiye'deki kurumsal veri mimarisi geliştirme süreçlerine entegrasyonu incelenmektedir. Veri göllerinin, yapılandırılmamış ve yarı yapılandırılmış verileri esnek bir şekilde yönetebilme kabiliyeti sayesinde, Türkiye'nin büyük veri yönetimi kabiliyetini artırabileceği vurgulanmaktadır. Çalışmanın kapsamı, Türkiye'deki mevcut veri yönetim sistemlerinin analizi, veri göllerinin potansiyel faydaları ve uygulama zorluklarının değerlendirilmesi; araştırma sorusu ise “Veri göllerinin Türkiye'deki kurumsal veri mimarilerine entegrasyonu nasıl gerçekleştirilebilir ve bu amaçla nasıl bir entegrasyon modeli uygulanabilir?” olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında, Türkiye’deki mevcut veri yönetim sistemleri analiz edilerek veri göllerinin potansiyel faydaları ile uygulama sırasında karşılaşılabilecek zorluklar tartışılmaktadır. Ayrıca çalışmada veri göllerinin doğru üst veri yönetimi, etkili veri yönetişim politikaları ve güvenlik önlemleri çerçevesinde nasıl uygulanabileceğine dair bir model önerisi sunulmaktadır. Bu model, fonksiyonel ve olgunluk temelli mimarilerin birleşiminden oluşmaktadır. Önerilen bu yaklaşımın, Türkiye'deki kurumların veri yönetimi kabiliyetlerini artırarak büyük veri analitiği ve karar alma süreçlerine önemli katkılar sağlayacağı öngörülmektedir.
Rancang bangun sistem survei kepuasan pemangku kepentingan berbasis web di Politeknik Negeri Banyuwangi
Authors: Nuril Jazilah Alisa , Prasetyo Junaedi Adi , Ratri Indira Nuansa , Subono Subono , Hakim Lutfi
Published: December 2024

Politeknik Negeri Banyuwangi masih menghadapi kendala dalam melakukan survei kepuasan secara efektif dan efisien. Metode survei yang saat ini digunakan kurang praktis dan hasilnya sulit diolah. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk merancang dan membangun sebuah sistem survei kepuasan pemangku kepentingan berbasis web di Politeknik Negeri Banyuwangi menggunakan metode pengembangan extreme programming. Sistem ini bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan umpan balik dari berbagai pemangku kepentingan, termasuk mahasiswa, dosen, alumni, dan masyarakat umum, serta perusahaan terkait dengan berbagai aspek kinerja dari institusi. Metode pengembangan extreme programming dipilih karena memungkinkan iterasi cepat dan responsif terhadap perubahan kebutuhan pengguna serta memaksimalkan kolaborasi antara tim pengembang dan pemangku kepentingan. Sistem dirancang dan dikembangkan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan Javascript dengan Framework Laravel, dengan memperhatikan prinsip-prinsip extreme programming. Berdasarkan pengujian yang dilakukan dengan metode unit testing dan fungsional testing pada 15 responden dengan 14 responden sebagai user dan 1 responden sebagai admin didapat hasil 85,1 % oleh user dan 94% oleh admin.
 
ABSTRACT
Banyuwangi State Polytechnic still faces challenges in conducting satisfaction surveys effectively and efficiently. The current survey methods are impractical and difficult to process. This research aims to design and develop a web-based stakeholder satisfaction survey system at Banyuwangi State Polytechnic using the Extreme Programming development method. The system aims to gather feedback from various stakeholders, including students, lecturers, alumni, the general public, and related companies on various aspects of institutional performance. Extreme Programming was chosen for its ability to allow rapid iterations and responsiveness to user needs, maximizing collaboration between developers and stakeholders. The system is designed and developed using PHP and the Laravel Framework, adhering to Extreme Programming principles. Based on the testing conducted using unit testing and functional testing methods on 15 respondents, with 14 respondents as users and 1 respondent as an admin, results showed a satisfaction rate of 85.1% for users and 94% for the admin.
Digital Media at the Out-of-school Learning Place - A Qualitative Interview Study with Prospective Science Teachers
Authors:   Osnabrück University, Wenzel Annkathrin , Blumberg Eva ,   Paderborn University
Published: December 2024

Children and young people grow up with a wide range of media, which they are expected to use in different settings. One possibility is the use of digital media in out-of-school learning places, which is currently being expanded. However, there has been little research into the combination of the two fields to date. This study was designed to address this research gap. The study focuses on the opinions and attitudes of prospective primary school teachers on this combination. This is of great importance as, due to current developments, prospective teachers could often find themselves in the situation of being able or having to combine the two fields. 20 prospective teachers (M =23 years, SD = 2.6) took part in the interview study. All prospective teachers have a positive attitude toward digital media. However, most of them are very critical of their use in out-of-school learning places. However, they can name some possible applications and advantages. On the other hand, there are hurdles such as technical problems or their missing skills.
Biodiversity Conceptualization and Plant Blindness in Portuguese Student Teachers
Authors:   Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Escola Superior de Educação, Ferreira Sílvia , Simões Helena ,   Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Escola Superior de Educação
Published: December 2024

Biodiversity is a multidimensional concept, and its integration into school curricula is essential for promoting sustainable development. Plants are central to the biodiversity of ecosystems; however, student teachers often fail to recognize them and understand their importance. This phenomenon, known as “plant blindness,” was first introduced in the late 20th century. This study is focused on a Portuguese pre-service teacher education degree in Basic Education and addresses the following problem: To what extent educational strategies that value interaction with plants contribute to the promotion of biodiversity and to prevent plant blindness in student teachers? Twenty-seven undergraduate students enrolled in two elective subjects completed a questionnaire before and after the implementation of educational strategies, which included field trips and research activities. Data from a selection of questions are presented, regarding some dimensions of the concepts of biodiversity and plant blindness, namely, students’ interest in nature and biodiversity, the complexity of their conceptualization of biodiversity, and their awareness and knowledge of plants. Key findings reveal a significant improvement in reducing plant blindness and enhancing understanding of biodiversity but not in students’ interest. The overall results highlight the importance of exploring plant rich environments and introducing students to plant biodiversity in their immediate surroundings, but also the resistance of concept change.
Unmasking Approaches and Errors to Synthesis-Type Problems: Insights from Undergraduate Chemistry Students
Authors:   Department of Chemistry Education, University of Education, Winneba, Ghana, Koranteng Ernest
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to uncover common difficulties and possible areas for improvement by focusing on the approaches and errors made by 3rd-year undergraduate chemistry students in solving organic synthesis problems. The study employed a purposive sampling technique to select 112 undergraduate chemistry major students to participate in this study. Students’ responses to synthesis-type problems from mid-semester examinations within the framework of a synthetic methodology course in a Ghanaian University were examined. The primary data collection tool was a mid-semester examination that employed deductive coding systems to analyze students’ responses. The study’s findings revealed that while many students performed well in identifying and providing reagents for the given reactions, a lot more struggled with other types of synthesis problems. Specifically, the reaction mechanism-type questions recorded the lowest scores and most errors among the synthesis problems. Asignificant number of students (67.0% and 66.1%, respectively) encountered difficulties in drawing complete reaction mechanisms and proposing the synthesis of target molecules, respectively. The results further indicated that students may have relied on rote memorization in solving synthesis problems. Students’ significant errors included the inability to draw resonance structures, expand atoms/bonds, map atoms, generate starting material/chemical equivalent, and draw correct products. However, students showed glimpses of using retrosynthesis analysis through the disconnection approach and exhibited a good usage of arrows in arrow-pushing formalism. The study recommends focused interventions and teaching strategies to enhance students’ understanding of reaction mechanisms, drawing of resonance structures, expanding atoms/bonds, mapping of atoms, starting material generation, and problem-solving skills in organic synthesis. Besides, students should be provided with ample practice for synthesis design by educators.
Human rights in the framework of Pancasila ideology
Authors: Bakri Raesita Amalia , Putri Violetta Ariyanti Ade , Purwanto Eko , Danugroho Agus
Published: December 2024

This study analyzes the concept and implementation of human rights (HAM) within the framework of Pancasila ideology, exploring both theoretical and practical perspectives. It examines the historical and philosophical foundations of human rights, rooted in natural law theory and developed through contributions from figures such as John Locke, Edmund Burke, and Jeremy Bentham, as well as their application in Indonesia’s socio-cultural and legal systems. Employing a descriptive qualitative method, the study utilizes data from academic literature, legal documents, and interpretations of Pancasila, focusing on its principles of Divinity, Humanity, Unity, Democracy, and Justice. The findings reveal that Pancasila integrates universal human rights principles with Indonesia’s socio-cultural realities, guiding the resolution of humanitarian issues and fostering unity in a diverse society. However, challenges such as historical debates over the inclusion of human rights in the 1945 Constitution and contemporary issues like racism and discrimination persist. The study concludes that Pancasila serves as a foundational ideology for upholding human dignity, justice, and equality. To address these challenges, efforts are needed to educate citizens, promote tolerance, and ensure government support for initiatives that strengthen human values and solidarity, highlighting the importance of human rights in achieving national unity, peace, and prosperity.
Relevansi demokrasi deliberatif Jürgen Habermas dengan pendidikan kewarganegaraan
Authors: Nur Rahmawati Elly , Samsuri  , Suyato
Published: December 2024

Kajian ini membahas relevansi antara konsep demokrasi deliberatif Jurgen Habermas dengan pendidikan kewarganegaraan. Konsep demokrasi deliberatif Habermas menekankan pentingnya komunikasi rasional dan partisipasi aktif dalam pengambilan keputusan politik. Pendidikan kewarganegaraan, sebagai bagian penting dari proses pendidikan, bertujuan membentuk warga negara yang aktif, terlibat, dan memiliki pemahaman mendalam tentang prinsip-prinsip demokrasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah pendekatan studi kepustakaan, dengan menggali referensi melalui kajian teoretis terhadap dokumen-dokumen seperti jurnal dan buku yang relevan dengan topik masalah. Kajian ini menjelaskan bagaimana pendidikan kewarganegaraan dapat menjadi landasan yang relevan bagi demokrasi deliberatif dan membantu membangun keterampilan komunikasi serta dialog rasional yang penting dalam demokrasi deliberatif. Selanjutnya, kajian ini menyoroti peran pendidikan kewarganegaraan dalam mendorong partisipasi aktif warga negara dalam proses politik. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini menegaskan bahwa pendidikan kewarganegaraan memiliki relevansi yang kuat dengan demokrasi deliberatif Habermas. Melalui pendidikan kewarganegaraan, kita dapat membentuk warga negara yang memiliki pemahaman mendalam tentang demokrasi deliberatif, keterampilan komunikasi yang efektif, dan kesiapan untuk berpartisipasi aktif dalam pengambilan keputusan politik yang melibatkan seluruh masyarakat.
Penguatan makna Bhinneka Tunggal Ika dalam mencegah radikalisme agama generasi milenial
Authors: Saputra Inggar
Published: December 2024

Persoalan radikalisme di kalangan generasi milenial merupakan isu yang harus menjadi perhatian bersama, baik oleh pemerintah maupun masyarakat Indonesia. Potensi radikalisme di kalangan generasi muda cukup tinggi, mengingat karakteristik usia yang cenderung labil dan paparan konten radikal melalui media sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sejauh mana penguatan makna Bhinneka Tunggal Ika dapat menjadi solusi dalam mencegah pemikiran dan tindakan radikalisme di kalangan generasi milenial. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi pustaka, di mana data diperoleh dari kajian literatur berupa jurnal, buku, dan sumber internet yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penguatan konsepsi Bhinneka Tunggal Ika dapat mencegah radikalisme pada generasi milenial melalui lima langkah utama: (1) mengembangkan budaya dan pemikiran multikulturalistik serta pluralistik yang berakar pada konsep negara bangsa yang majemuk; (2) memperkuat konsensus universal antar umat seagama maupun antar umat beragama; (3) mengangkat budaya lokal yang memberikan keteladanan atas keberagaman; (4) mendorong penanaman nilai Bhinneka Tunggal Ika melalui pendidikan formal, nonformal, dan informal; serta (5) memperkuat identitas nasional agar Bhinneka Tunggal Ika dapat mendorong keharmonisan sosial dan moderasi beragama guna mencapai pembangunan masyarakat yang berkelanjutan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa penguatan sesanti Bhinneka Tunggal Ika harus didukung oleh pemikiran yang kuat (konsep negara bangsa majemuk dan identitas nasional) serta aksi nyata, seperti dialog antarumat beragama, penguatan kearifan lokal, dan pengembangan institusi masyarakat melalui pendidikan formal, nonformal, maupun informal.
An Introduction to the Relationship Between Actors'Internal Experience and External Embodiment in Theater Performance
Authors: Huan Xiao , Nawfal Afeez
Published: December 2024

Theater performing art is an art of portraying a certain character through role-playing. As an actor, the process of entering the role is not easy to realize, but a complex process that requires a constant understanding of the role and a full expression of that understanding. In the process of character creation, the actor should not only combine subjective and objective factors, but also highly unify the physical and psychological. In fact, no matter how the actor to create the role by whatever means, are inseparable from an objective law, that is, the actor must have an internal experience of the role of the link and external embodiment of the link. And only by utilizing this law can the actor create a true and vivid image of the character. This article shows that the digital age has brought various influences on the process of actors' internalization and externalization of roles.
Joint association of physical activity and the geriatric nutritional risk index with survival outcomes among cancer survivors in the United States: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Wei Jing , Zeng Qingyue , Liu Ming
Published: December 2024

Introduction

The relationship between physical activity (PA) and nutritional status on the prognosis of cancer survivors remains underexplored. We aimed to investigate the combined effects of PA and Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) on prognostic assessment of survival outcomes in US cancer survivors.

Methods

2,619 subjects were screened from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 1999 to 2018. The self-reported Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) for PA assessment, and the GNRI for nutritional status assessment. Kaplan–Meier (K-M) curves and Cox proportional risk models were used to evaluate the effect of PA combined with GNRI on the prognostic outcomes of death in cancer survivors.

Results

The sufficient PA (≥600 MET min/week) combined with High-GNRI (>98) subgroups significantly reduced the risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 0.56; 95% CI, 0.35–0.90) and cancer-related mortality (HR: 0.24; 95% CI, 0.12–0.50) compared to other subgroups. Subgroup analyses indicated that the combination of sufficient PA and High-GNRI was associated with a significantly reduced all-cause and cancer-related mortality among specific groups-including individuals of female, patients with non-obesity-related cancers, and those with higher educational attainment. After excluding participants who died within the first 12 months of follow-up, sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the association between PA and GNRI in predicting prognostic outcomes among cancer survivors.

Conclusion

Our study shows that among U.S. cancer survivors, sufficient PA combined with High-GNRI is linked to reduced mortality. These findings emphasize the benefits of PA and nutritional status in improving prognosis and support the need for further studies to develop targeted interventions.