bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ClC-1 Chloride Channel: Inputs on the Structure–Function Relationship of Myotonia Congenita-Causing Mutations
Authors: Brenes Oscar , Pusch Michael , Morales Fernando
Published: September 2023

Myotonia congenita is a hereditary muscle disease mainly characterized by muscle hyperexcitability, which leads to a sustained burst of discharges that correlates with the magnitude and duration of involuntary aftercontractions, muscle stiffness, and hypertrophy. Mutations in the chloride voltage-gated channel 1 (CLCN1) gene that encodes the skeletal muscle chloride channel (ClC-1) are responsible for this disease, which is commonly known as myotonic chloride channelopathy. The biophysical properties of the mutated channel have been explored and analyzed through in vitro approaches, providing important clues to the general function/dysfunction of the wild-type and mutated channels. After an exhaustive search for CLCN1 mutations, we report in this review more than 350 different mutations identified in the literature. We start discussing the physiological role of the ClC-1 channel in skeletal muscle functioning. Then, using the reported functional effects of the naturally occurring mutations, we describe the biophysical and structural characteristics of the ClC-1 channel to update the knowledge of the function of each of the ClC-1 helices, and finally, we attempt to point out some patterns regarding the effects of mutations in the different helices and loops of the protein.
Interleukin-6 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Dualistic Point of View
Authors: Nenu Iuliana , Toadere Teodora Maria , Topor Ioan , Țichindeleanu Andra , Bondor Daniela Andreea , Trella Șerban Ellias , Sparchez Zeno , Filip Gabriela Adriana
Published: September 2023

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a pressing health concern, demanding a deep understanding of various mediators’ roles in its development for therapeutic progress. Notably, interleukin-6 (IL-6) has taken center stage in investigations due to its intricate and context-dependent functions. This review delves into the dual nature of IL-6 in HCC, exploring its seemingly contradictory roles as both a promoter and an inhibitor of disease progression. We dissect the pro-tumorigenic effects of IL-6, including its impact on tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Concurrently, we examine its anti-tumorigenic attributes, such as its role in immune response activation, cellular senescence induction, and tumor surveillance. Through a comprehensive exploration of the intricate interactions between IL-6 and the tumor microenvironment, this review highlights the need for a nuanced comprehension of IL-6 signaling in HCC. It underscores the importance of tailored therapeutic strategies that consider the dynamic stages and diverse surroundings within the tumor microenvironment. Future research directions aimed at unraveling the multifaceted mechanisms of IL-6 in HCC hold promise for developing more effective treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes.
Bio-Inspired Artificial Intelligence with Natural Language Processing Based on Deceptive Content Detection in Social Networking
Authors: Albraikan Amani Abdulrahman , Maray Mohammed , Alotaibi Faiz Abdullah , Alnfiai Mrim M. , Kumar Arun , Sayed Ahmed
Published: September 2023

In recent research, fake news detection in social networking using Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) models has gained immense attention. The current research article presents the Bio-inspired Artificial Intelligence with Natural Language Processing Deceptive Content Detection (BAINLP-DCD) technique for social networking. The goal of the proposed BAINLP-DCD technique is to detect the presence of deceptive or fake content on social media. In order to accomplish this, the BAINLP-DCD algorithm applies data preprocessing to transform the input dataset into a meaningful format. For deceptive content detection, the BAINLP-DCD technique uses a Multi-Head Self-attention Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (MHS-BiLSTM) model. Finally, the African Vulture Optimization Algorithm (AVOA) is applied for the selection of optimum hyperparameters of the MHS-BiLSTM model. The proposed BAINLP-DCD algorithm was validated through simulation using two benchmark fake news datasets. The experimental outcomes portrayed the enhanced performance of the BAINLP-DCD technique, with maximum accuracy values of 92.19% and 92.56% on the BuzzFeed and PolitiFact datasets, respectively.
Remineralization Induced by Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite Toothpastes on Human Enamel
Authors: Florea Alexandra-Diana , Pop Lucian Cristian , Benea Horea-Rares-Ciprian , Tomoaia Gheorghe , Racz Csaba-Pal , Mocanu Aurora , Dobrota Cristina-Teodora , Balint Reka , Soritau Olga , Tomoaia-Cotisel Maria
Published: September 2023

This work aimed to compare the effect of four new toothpastes (P1–P4) based on pure and biomimetic substituted nano-hydroxyapatites (HAPs) on remineralization of human enamel. Artificially demineralized enamel slices were daily treated for ten days with different toothpastes according to the experimental design. Tooth enamel surfaces were investigated using atomic force microscope (AFM) images and surface roughness (Ra) determined before and after treatment. The surface roughness of enamel slices was statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) data revealed the HAP structure with crystal sizes between 28 and 33 nm and crystallinity between 29 and 37%. The average size of HAP particles was found to be between 30 and 40 nm. The Ra values indicated that P3 (HAP-Mg-Zn-Sr-Si) toothpaste was the most effective after 10 days of treatment, leading to the lowest mean roughness. The P3 and P2 (HAP) toothpastes were found to be effective in promoting remineralization. Specifically, their effectiveness can be ranked as follows: P3 = P2 > P4 (HAP-Mg-Zn-Si) > P1 (HAP-Zn), considering both the chemical composition and the size of their constitutive nanoparticles. The proposed toothpastes might be used successfully to treat early tooth decay.
Mechanical Behavior of Honeybee Forewing with Flexible Resilin Joints and Stripes
Authors: Hou Dan , Zhong Zheng
Published: September 2023

The flexibility of insect wings should be considered in the design of bionic micro flapping-wing aircraft. The honeybee is an ideal biomimetic object because its wings are small and possess a concise vein pattern. In this paper, we focus on resilin, an important flexible factor in honeybees’ forewings. Both resilin joints and resilin stripes are considered in the finite element model, and their mechanical behaviors are studied comprehensively. Resilin was found to increase the static deflections in chordwise and spanwise directions by 1.4 times and 1.9 times, respectively. In modal analysis, natural frequencies of the first bending and first torsional modes were found to be decreased significantly—especially the latter, which was reduced from 500 Hz to 217 Hz—in terms of resilin joints and stripes, closely approaching flapping frequency. As a result, the rotational angle amplitude in dynamic responses is remarkable, with an amplification ratio of about six. It was also found that resilin joints and stripes together lead to well-cambered sections and improve the stress concentrations in dynamic deformation. As resilin is widespread in insect wings, the study could help our understanding of the flexible mechanism of wing structure and inspire the development of flexible airfoils.
Changes in Adipokine, Resitin, and BDNF Concentrations in Treatment-Resistant Depression after Electroconvulsive Therapy
Authors: Permoda-Pachuta Agnieszka , Malewska-Kasprzak Magda , Skibińska Maria , Rzepski Krzysztof , Dmitrzak-Węglarz Monika
Published: September 2023

Objectives: One of the current challenges in psychiatry is the search for answers on how to effectively manage drug-resistant depression. The occurrence of drug resistance in patients is an indication for the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). This method is highly effective and usually results in relatively quick health improvement. Despite the knowledge of how ECT works, not all of the biological pathways activated during its use have been identified. Hence, based on the neuroinflammatory hypothesis of depression, we investigated the concentration of two opposite-acting adipokines (anti-inflammatory adiponectin and proinflammatory resistin) and BDNF in antidepressant-resistant patients undergoing ECT. Methods: The study group comprised 52 patients hospitalized due to episodes of depression in the course of unipolar and bipolar affective disorder. The serum concentration of adipokines and BDNF was determined before and after the therapeutic intervention using an ELISA method. In the analyses, we also included comparisons considering the type of depression, sex, and achieving remission. Results: Adiponectin, resistin, and BDNF concentrations change after ECT treatment. These changes are correlated with an improvement in the severity of depressive symptoms and are more or less pronounced depending on the type of depression. Conclusions: Although not all observed changes reach statistical significance, adipokines in particular remain exciting candidates for biomarkers in assessing the course of the disease and response to ECT treatment.
Stiff-Leg Syndrome Associated with Autoimmune Retinopathy and Its Treatment with IVIg—A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Papadopoulos Vassilis E. , Papadimas George K. , Androudi Sofia , Anagnostouli Maria , Evangelopoulos Maria-Eleftheria
Published: September 2023

Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) have been predominantly associated with stiff-person syndrome (SPS), which is often accompanied by organ-specific autoimmune diseases, such as late-onset type 1 diabetes. Autoimmune retinal pathology in SPS has recently been suggested to coexist in patients suffering from this disease; however, evidence reporting potential treatment options for the neurological and visual symptoms these patients experience remains scarce. We provide a review of the relevant literature, presenting a rare case of a middle-aged woman with autoimmune retinopathy (AIR) followed by stiff-leg syndrome who responded to intravenous immune globulin treatment (IVIg). Our report adds to previously reported data supporting the efficacy of IVIg in SPS spectrum disorders while also proposing the potential effect of IVIg in treating SPS spectrum patients with coexisting AIR.
Behavioral Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Disorders of Consciousness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yang Zihan , Yue Tian , Zschorlich Volker R. , Li Dai , Wang Duanwei , Qi Fengxue
Published: September 2023

Traumatic brain injury, cardiac arrest, intracerebral hemorrhage, and ischemic stroke may cause disorders of consciousness (DoC). Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been used to promote the recovery of disorders of consciousness (DoC) patients. In this meta-analysis, we examined whether rTMS can relieve DoC patient symptoms. We searched through journal articles indexed in PubMed, the Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library until 20 April 2023. We assessed whether studies used rTMS as an intervention and reported the pre- and post-rTMS coma recovery scale-revised (CRS-R) scores. A total of 207 patients from seven trials were included. rTMS significantly improved the recovery degree of patients; the weighted mean difference (WMD) of the change in the CRS-R score was 1.89 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.39–2.39; p < 0.00001) in comparison with controls. The subgroup analysis showed a significant improvement in CRS-R scores in rTMS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (WMD = 2.24; 95% CI: 1.55–2.92; p < 0.00001; I2 = 31%) and the primary motor cortex (WMD = 1.63; 95% CI: 0.69–2.57; p = 0.0007; I2 = 14%). Twenty-hertz rTMS significantly improved CRS-R scores in patients with DoC (WMD = 1.61; 95% CI: 0.39–2.83; p = 0.010; I2 = 31%). Furthermore, CRS-R scores in rTMS over 20 sessions significantly improved (WMD = 1.75; 95% CI: 0.95–2.55; p < 0.0001; I2 = 12%). rTMS improved the symptoms of DoC patients; however, the available evidence remains limited and inadequate.
Unraveling the Multifaceted Role of the Golgi Apparatus: Insights into Neuronal Plasticity, Development, Neurogenesis, Alzheimer’s Disease, and SARS-CoV-2 Interactions
Authors: Toader Corneliu , Eva Lucian , Covache-Busuioc Razvan-Adrian , Costin Horia Petre , Glavan Luca-Andrei , Corlatescu Antonio Daniel , Ciurea Alexandru Vlad
Published: September 2023

This article critically evaluates the multifunctional role of the Golgi apparatus within neurological paradigms. We succinctly highlight its influence on neuronal plasticity, development, and the vital trafficking and sorting mechanisms for proteins and lipids. The discourse further navigates to its regulatory prominence in neurogenesis and its implications in Alzheimer’s Disease pathogenesis. The emerging nexus between the Golgi apparatus and SARS-CoV-2 underscores its potential in viral replication processes. This consolidation accentuates the Golgi apparatus’s centrality in neurobiology and its intersections with both neurodegenerative and viral pathologies. In essence, understanding the Golgi’s multifaceted functions harbors profound implications for future therapeutic innovations in neurological and viral afflictions.
Peripheral Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels of YKL-40 in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Yuchen , Tian Jinzhou , Ni Jingnian , Wei Mingqing , Li Ting , Shi Jing
Published: September 2023

The pathogenesis associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is particularly complicated, and early diagnosis and course monitoring of the disease are not ideal based on the available core biomarkers. As a biomarker closely related to neuroinflammation, YKL-40 provides a potential scalable approach in AD, but its association remains controversial and inconclusive with AD. We conducted this study to assess the utility of YKL-40 levels in peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of AD patients and healthy controls (HCs) by meta-analysis. We systematically searched and screened relevant trials for comparing YKL-40 levels between AD patients and HCs in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science, with a search deadline of 14 March 2023 for each database. A total of 17 eligible and relevant studies involving 1811 subjects, including 949 AD patients and 862 HCs, were included. The results showed that YKL-40 levels in the peripheral blood of AD patients and HCs did not possess significant differences. Subgroup analysis showed YKL-40 significantly differed in plasma (SMD = 0.527, 95%CI: [0.302, 0.752]; p = 0.000), but did not in serum. In the case of comparison with HCs, YKL-40 was significantly higher in CSF of AD patients (SMD = 0.893, 95%CI: [0.665, 1.121]; p = 0.000). Besides that, when we performed a combined analysis of total YKL-40 in both peripheral blood and CSF, overall YKL-40 concentrations were also significantly increased among AD patients (SMD = 0.608, 95%CI: [0.272, 0.943]; p = 0.000). YKL-40 provides support and rationale for the neuroinflammatory pathogenesis of AD. The significance of CSF levels of YKL-40 for early screening of AD is definite. Plasma levels of YKL-40 also appear to assist in discriminating AD patients from HCs, which facilitates early screening and monitoring of the natural course of AD.
Psychophysiology of Monotonous Driving, Fatigue and Sleepiness in Train and Non-Professional Drivers: Driver Safety Implications
Authors: Lees Ty , Chalmers Taryn , Burton David , Zilberg Eugene , Penzel Thomas , Lal Sara
Published: September 2023

Fatigue and sleepiness are complex bodily states associated with monotony as well as physical and cognitive impairment, accidents, injury, and illness. Moreover, these states are often characteristic of professional driving. However, most existing work has focused on motor vehicle drivers, and research examining train drivers remains limited. As such, the present study psychophysiologically examined monotonous driving, fatigue, and sleepiness in a group of passenger train drivers and a group of non-professional drivers. Sixty-three train drivers and thirty non-professional drivers participated in the present study, which captured 32-lead electroencephalogram (EEG) data during a monotonous driving task. Fatigue and sleepiness were self-evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Karolinksa Sleepiness Scale, and the Checklist of Individual Strength. Unexpectedly, fatigue and sleepiness scores did not significantly differ between the groups; however, train drivers generally scored lower than non-professional drivers, which may be indicative of individual and/or industry attempts to reduce fatigue. Across both groups, fatigue and sleepiness scores were negatively correlated with theta, alpha, and beta EEG variables clustered towards the fronto-central and temporal regions. Broadly, these associations may reflect a monotony-associated blunting of neural activity that is associated with a self-reported fatigue state.
Examining the Impact of Service Quality on Passengers’ Intentions to Utilize Rail Transport in the Post-Pandemic Era: An Integrated Approach of SERVQUAL and Health Belief Model
Authors: Wisutwattanasak Panuwat , Champahom Thanapong , Jomnonkwao Sajjakaj , Aryuyo Fareeda , Se Chamroeun , Ratanavaraha Vatanavongs
Published: September 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted railway transportation in developing countries, resulting in reduced passenger demand and economic activity. As a result of the pandemic effect, there is an increased focus on health and safety among potential passengers. To address this issue, the present study aimed to investigate the fundamental factors that contribute to railway transportation service quality (SERVQUAL) and the intention to use intercity train services in Thailand using the health belief model (HBM), with 1600 passenger participants using structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings demonstrated that train operators’ service standards remain vital to passengers, and the HBM had a statistically significant impact on shaping passengers’ intentions to use train services after an epidemic. These results can inform rail agencies and health authorities when developing policies and strategies to prioritize both business and passenger safety on intercity trains.
Neurophysiological, Neuroimaging, and Neuropsychological Predictors of Human Alcoholism and Risk
Authors: Kamarajan Chella
Published: September 2023

Over the last several decades, both brain electrophysiological measurements, such as electroencephalogram (EEG) and event-related potentials/oscillations (ERPs/EROs), and neuroimaging measures have immensely contributed to our understanding of neural mechanisms underlying various psychiatric disorders, including alcohol use disorder (AUD). This Special Issue was launched to invite research and review articles that explore the utility of these neural measures to determine the effects of alcohol use (e.g., regular drinking, social drinking, binge/heavy drinking, and chronic drinking) on brain structure and function and/or to predict risk for developing AUD and other outcomes (e.g., other drug use and externalizing/internalizing traits) across various demographic characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity, etc.). We received seven scholarly articles, each dealing with specialized topics, which contribute to enhancing our understanding of the brain mechanisms underlying AUD and its risk. The titles of the contributing articles are: (i) Random Forest Classification of Alcohol Use Disorder Using EEG Source Functional Connectivity, Neuropsychological Functioning, and Impulsivity Measures; (ii) Delta Event-Related Oscillations Are Related to a History of Extreme Binge Drinking in Adolescence and Lifetime Suicide Risk; (iii) Alcohol Use and Prefrontal Cortex Volume Trajectories in Young Adults with Mood Disorders and Associated Clinical Outcomes; (iv) Statistical Nonparametric fMRI Maps in the Analysis of Response Inhibition in Abstinent Individuals with History of Alcohol Use Disorder; (v) Differentiating Individuals with and without Alcohol Use Disorder Using Resting-State fMRI Functional Connectivity of Reward Network, Neuropsychological Performance, and Impulsivity Measures; (vi) Epigenetic Effects in HPA Axis Genes Associated with Cortical Thickness, ERP Components and SUD Outcome; and (vii) Predicting Alcohol-Related Memory Problems in Older Adults: A Machine Learning Study with Multi-Domain Features. This Special Issue contains a range of useful topics, covering the utility of EEG, MRI, neuropsychology, epigenetics, environmental, behavioral, and clinical measures related to outcomes, and biological risks related to AUD, which will be useful to alcohol researchers around the world.
Validation of the Generalized Workplace Harassment Questionnaire for Use with Medical Students
Authors: Henning Marcus A. , Krägeloh Christian U. , Chen Yan , Moir Fiona , Webster Craig S.
Published: September 2023

The Generalized Workplace Harassment Questionnaire (GWHQ) has not been validated among medical students whilst they are on clinical placements. Therefore, this study aims to validate its use when applied to this cohort. A sample of 205 medical students in their clinical training phase completed the GWHQ. To examine the validity of the proposed factor structure of the validated 25-item GWHQ, which was reduced to from the original 29-item set, a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted. Model fit was appraised by evaluating the comparative fit index (CFI), the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), and the standardized root mean squared residual (SRMR). Spearman’s rho correlation coefficients were applied to correlations between factors. With the exclusion of Item 19, the resulting fit was improved. In the revised model for a 24-item GWHQ, CFI = 0.995, RMSEA = 0.047, and SRMR = 0.115. Overall, the fit met the criteria for two fit indices and was thus deemed to be acceptable. Factor loadings ranged from 0.49 to 0.96. The Spearman’s rho correlation coefficient between Verbal and Covert Hostility was high, although all correlations with Physical Hostility were weak. In conclusion, the amended 24-item version of the GWHQ is a valid instrument for appraising instances of harassment or hostility within clinical placements attended by medical students in New Zealand.
Support Needs of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Implications for Their Assessment
Authors: Guillén Verónica M. , Verdugo Miguel Á. , Jiménez Pedro , Aguayo Virginia , Amor Antonio M.
Published: September 2023

The construct of support needs has become a key aspect for the diagnostics, classification, and interventional management of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). However, instruments specifically designed to assess support needs in this population are not available. Currently, the Supports Intensity Scale for Children (SIS-C), which could be administered to assess students with any type of intellectual disability (ID), is the only valid tool able to assess support needs in Spain. Our aim was to verify whether the SIS-C is useful for assessing the support needs of students with ASD, regardless of whether or not they present ID. The participants were subdivided into two groups. One group included students with ASD and ID (n = 248), and the other comprised participants with ASD without an ID (n = 44). The results of the two groups were compared with those reported in the original validation sample of the SIS-C, which involved participants with ID without ASD (n = 566). The results showed that this scale could be useful for assessing support needs in the three subgroups, but it appeared that different standardized norms based on the characteristics of each specific population would be appropriate.
Weaving Octopus: An Assembly–Disassembly-Adaptable Customized Textile Hybrid Prototype
Authors: Cui Ziqi , Zhang Siman , Viscuso Salvatore , Zanelli Alessandra
Published: September 2023

As global challenges evolve rapidly, lightweight architecture emerges as an effective and efficient solution to meet rapidly changing needs. Textiles offer flexibility and sustainability, addressing spatial requirements in urban and residential designs, particularly in underutilized areas. This study developed a user-friendly and customizable textile hybrid structure prototype by exploring different weaving methods to find more flexible and adaptable solutions. The research adopts a three-stage process: concept design, parametric simulation prototype, and physical scale-up testing. Methodologies include Finite Element Analysis (FEA) for assessing structural bending and tensile behavior, evolutionary computation for multi-objective optimization, Arduino for enabling interactive dynamic and lighting systems, and a website interface for bespoke decisions. Results revealed a groundbreaking textile hybrid prototype, applicable individually or collectively, with flexible assembly and disassembly in various scenarios. The prototype also offers an eco-friendly, cost-efficient facade renovation solution, enhancing aesthetics and providing shading benefits. The research encompasses interactive lightweight construction design, bending-active textile hybrids, form-finding, circular economy, and mass customization, contributing to advances in lightweight construction design while promoting sustainable practices in textile architecture.
Comparing the Standards of Life Cycle Carbon Assessment of Buildings: An Analysis of the Pros and Cons
Authors: Dong Yahong , Yang Tingyi , Liu Peng , Xu Zhenyan
Published: September 2023

Buildings play a substantial role in carbon emissions and contribute to approximately 37% of global carbon emissions. In order to control and reduce the carbon emissions of buildings, a report of life cycle carbon assessment (LCCA) has been mandated for all the new buildings in China since 1 April 2022. As a technical support for carbon accounting efforts in China, it is important to adhere to the national standards for conducting an LCCA report. In this context, the GB/T51366-Standard for Building Carbon Emission Calculation is the designated national standard that should be followed. However, GB/T51366 has several deficiencies, including incomplete life cycle processes, impractical calculation methods, the unrepresentativeness of default emission factors, and so forth. Therefore, it is essential to critically analyze the pros and cons of employing an LCCA methodology adhering to GB/T51366. To fulfill the research aim, this study develops a computational toolkit based on GB/T51366. We propose two data collection methods and conduct a case study of a residential building in China. GB/T51366 was also used as the baseline scenario and compared with the European standard EN15978. The results show that GB/T51366 is less comprehensive than EN15978, leading to a 2.9% reduction in the total life cycle emissions. Notably, up to 26.7% difference was observed in the comparison of the emission factors of the main construction materials. Based on the research outcomes, it is suggested to improve the national standard in terms of the scope and data availability, as well as to promote the harmonization of existing national LCCA standard of buildings with international standards.
Exploring the Acceptance of the Technical Disclosure Method Based on 3D Digital Technological Process by Construction Workers through the Perspective of TAM
Authors: Mei Yujie , Liu Jianqiang , Jia Lu , Wu Han , Lv Jing
Published: September 2023

Effective pre-control methods for construction workers during the construction phase are important means to ensure the final quality of the construction product. The 3D digital technological process introduces model-based definition (MBD) to the construction industry and enhances construction process management to some extent by combining it with building information modeling (BIM). However, the proper application of the 3D digital technological process requires a good knowledge of the factors associated with its acceptance. This study introduced the 3D digital technological process into technical disclosure and further explored the factors that may influence its acceptance among the construction worker population. Several new extrinsic variables, cognitive level, subjective norms, technology anxiety, and enjoyment, were added and evaluated in the technology acceptance model (TAM), and a total of 314 data samples were collected to verify the hypothesized paths. The results showed that the proposed model was effective in predicting the attitude of the worker population towards this method.
Experimental Investigation of Mean Radiant Temperature Trends for a Ground Source Heat Pump-Integrated Radiant Wall and Ceiling Heating System
Authors: Dogan Ahmet , Kayaci Nurullah , Kanbur Baris Burak , Demir Hakan
Published: September 2023

Mean radiant temperature (MRT) is one of the six primary factors that determine thermal comfort in a given thermal environment. In this study, the average radiant temperature was determined using a calculation method based on the surrounding surface temperatures and view factors. The present study specifically investigated the use of calculated radiant temperature, compared to measured radiant temperature, for predicting the mean vote (PMV) and percentage of dissatisfied (PPD) comfort parameters. The method was validated by the experimental measurements via the black sphere thermometer at five different reference points in a test room, including radiant panels on the ceiling and walls. By using global thermometer measurements, the proposed approach achieved a high degree of compatibility and an accuracy of 0.17 °C, which was the difference between calculated and measured values. The results demonstrated the reliability of the procedure using view factors and surrounding surface temperatures to calculate the radiant temperature in the designated test room; here, a straightforward method for evaluating the thermal conditions of an office room and determining the optimal location of an air temperature sensor in PMV-controlled radiant systems was also proposed. This study contributes to the increasing field of research on thermal comfort and offers knowledge that is beneficial for the design and optimization of indoor environments.
Effective Stiffness and Seismic Response Modification Models Recommended for Cantilever Circular Columns of RC Bridges, First Part: Serviceability Limit State
Authors: Márquez-Domínguez Sergio , Barradas-Hernández José E. , Carpio Franco , Vargas-Colorado Alejandro , Aguilar-Melendez Armando , Salgado-Estrada Rolando
Published: September 2023

This paper’s main aim was to explain the process of characterising the structural over-strength factor (R), seismic behaviour factor (Q), and the effective elastic stiffness, Keff, of cantilever-reinforced concrete (RC) urban bridge columns with solid circular cross-sections for use in seismic design under the Serviceability Limit State (SLS). Similarly, mathematical models have been proposed to determine the average values of effective stiffness and seismic response modification factors suggested for cantilever-reinforced concrete bridge columns at SLS. This is because multiple design codes stipulate that cantilever RC bridge columns must meet the SLS requirements. Therefore, to comply, the lateral displacement ductility demand must not exceed unity after a moderate or small earthquake. While the behaviour of the materials remains in the elastic range, this performance criterion can be conservative. If the materials undergo small deformations, the slight damage can be quickly repaired to meet the SLS.
Effective Stiffness and Seismic Response Modification Models Recommended for Cantilever Circular Columns of RC Bridges, Second Part: Collapse Prevention Limit State
Authors: Vargas-Colorado Alejandro , Barradas-Hernández José E. , Carpio Franco , Márquez-Domínguez Sergio , Salgado-Estrada Rolando , Aguilar-Melendez Armando
Published: September 2023

This paper aims to assess the structural overstrength (R), seismic behaviour factor (Q), and effective inertia factor (keff), of which the effective elastic stiffness (Keff) is a function, i.e., Keff (keff), of reinforced concrete (RC) cantilever columns with solid circular sections in urban bridges. The R and Q factors proposed in the design codes have been based mainly on an empirical basis. However, some studies suggest that, in the case of RC bridge columns, both factors are determined by a range of geometric and structural parameters. These results indicate that equations incorporating the main geometric and structural parameters of the columns, rather than the use of fixed values, are the appropriate method for estimating the values of R, Q and keff for the columns. Therefore, the results confirm the relation between R, Q and keff with the mechanical properties of the concrete, the aspect ratio length–depth, the axial load–strength ratio of a column, as well as its longitudinal reinforcement steel ratio. Finally, the research proposes models for estimating R, Q and keff that are recommended for the collapse prevention limit state of cantilevered circular columns of RC bridges.
Influence of Project Governance Mechanisms on the Sustainable Development of Public-Private Partnership Projects: An Empirical Study from China
Authors: Song Yingqi , Hao Shengyue
Published: September 2023

In China, achieving sustainable development goals for PPP projects is an urgent issue. Project governance mechanisms are important to PPP project sustainability, but there are many risk factors in traditional project governance mechanisms. This research focuses on embedding risk governance mechanisms into the traditional project governance system with contract governance mechanisms and relationship governance mechanisms. The main purpose is to reveal the integration of PPP project governance mechanisms and its impact on governance performance and project sustainability, and to propose governance optimization strategies. First, by enriching the understanding of the governance mechanism, governance performance and project sustainability, and improving the measurement scale. Then, by constructing a structural equation model, collecting data through questionnaires, and exploring the effect of the project governance mechanism on project sustainability. (1) The results of direct effect testing show that contractual governance mechanisms, relational governance mechanisms and risk governance mechanisms are positively associated with governance performance, and governance performance is positively associated with project sustainability; (2) the results of mediating effect testing show that interaction of the three governance mechanisms has a positive effect on governance performance. The research results provide a new approach and perspectives for improving project governance mechanisms and achieving sustainable development in the practice of PPP projects.
Numerical Investigation of the Behavior of Unstiffened Semi-Rigid Top and Seat Angle Connections under Monotonic Loading
Authors: Fırat Alemdar Zeynep , Balaban Yusuf
Published: September 2023

In steel structures, unstiffened top and seat angle connections (TSACs) show semi-rigid behavior and transfer both the vertical reaction and some end moment of the beam while also making some degree of rotation. The moment–rotation behavior of TSACs has been evaluated using experimental and numerical analyses under monotonic loading and generally compared in the linear elastic region. In this paper, three-dimensional (3-D) finite element models of the TSACs were developed based on experimental data available from the literature to accurately obtain the moment–rotation results along the curve. The numerical models were verified with the moment–rotation curves of TSACs and the deformed shapes of the angles in the connections. The experimental results show that the finite element model in this study is adequate to predict the moment–rotation behavior of TSACs. The effects of bolt material properties, bolt diameter, bolt pretension load, friction coefficient, and gage distance on the moment–rotation behavior of the connections were investigated using the verified numerical model. The parametric analyses show that almost the same moment–rotation behavior is obtained for the connections by increasing the bolt strength and pretension load and varying the friction coefficients. The ultimate moment capacity of the connections was increased with a decrease in the gage distance.
Validation of One Predominant Frequency Presence in Seismic Ground Displacement by Means of Deformation Response Spectra
Authors: Morales Cesar A.
Published: September 2023

There are very few results in the literature on spectral content of seismic ground displacement; nonetheless, these results are singular as most of the spectral content is limited to a very narrow low frequency band, contrary to ground acceleration. These few spectral characterizations have been obtained, expectedly, by means of power spectral or Fourier analyses of ground displacement records, only. As these records are not as reliable as ground acceleration records, the existence of a clear predominant frequency in ground displacement warrants confirmation through a different procedure. We propose a corroboration method of this highly narrow-band characteristic that is based on the more dependable acceleration signal, rather than on the same ground displacement record that is the subject of study. Specifically, displacement response spectra are analyzed (which rely on acceleration records) to verify previously observed neat predominant frequencies in ground displacement, which is a novelty.
Research on Deformation Characteristics and Design Optimization of Super-Large Cofferdam Enclosure Structure
Authors: Wang Qingbiao , Li Chentao , Ma Yiming , Hu Zhongjing , Lv Hao , Liu Weizhen
Published: September 2023

With the rapid development of urban transportation facilities, their construction inevitably encounters unfavorable conditions, such as rivers and lakes. When using the weir construction method to build transportation facilities in lakes, the design scheme for the pit slope excavation inside the cofferdam is related to the success or failure of the construction. In this study, the design scheme for pit excavations in lakes is discussed and analyzed using numerical simulation and on-site monitoring against the background of Jinji Lake Tunnel. The findings are as follows. (1) The greater the distance between the pit and the cofferdam, the smaller the impact of pit excavation on the cofferdam is; when the excavation depth is 10 m and the distance is more than 47 m, the deformation of the whole pile is less than 15 mm. (2) Under the condition that the platform width is kept the same, the smaller the height and width ratio is, the greater the safety factor will be, and under the condition that the height and width ratio is kept the same, the longer the platform width is, the greater the safety factor will be. (3) When the pit and cofferdam are far away from each other, different slope release design schemes have different effects on cofferdam deformation and stability. The results of this research can provide references and guidance for the design and construction of similar projects.
Study on the Winter Thermal Environment and Thermal Satisfaction of the Post-Disaster Prototype and Vernacular Houses in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Barsha , Uprety Sanjaya , Pokharel Jiba Raj , Rijal Hom Bahadur
Published: September 2023

Post-disaster housing, constructed on a massive scale, often overlooks the indoor thermal environment, despite being a crucial design factor for residential satisfaction. This study examined the indoor thermal environment in post-Gorkha earthquake-reconstructed prototype and traditional vernacular houses in the Dolakha district of Nepal. It employed a questionnaire survey and measurement of indoor and outdoor temperature in both house types across two study locations: Panipokhari and Jillu, during the coldest winter month. Despite the indoor temperature in both house types falling below the ASHRAE comfort standard, the study found that prototype houses’ nighttime indoor temperatures were 2.1 °C lower in Panipokhari and 1 °C lower in Jillu compared to vernacular houses. This difference is attributed to the use of local building materials with low U-values, substantial thermal mass in vernacular houses, and a low window-to-wall ratio. Occupants expressed dissatisfaction with the thermal environment in prototype houses compared to vernacular ones. By incorporating climate-responsive features seen in vernacular houses, heating energy could have been reduced by approximately 21% in Panipokhari and 10% in Jillu, easing the economic burden on vulnerable households. These findings hold significance for policy-makers, implementers, designers, and other stakeholders involved in post-disaster resettlement housing programs, offering insights for enhancing long-term satisfaction and sustainability in such programs.
Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of HER2-0 and HER2-Low-Positive Breast Cancer Patients: Real-World Data from Patients Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Pöschke Patrik , Fasching Peter A. , Adler Werner , Rübner Matthias , Beckmann Matthias W. , Hack Carolin C. , Heindl Felix , Hartmann Arndt , Erber Ramona , Gass Paul
Published: September 2023

In our study, we observed the long-term survival outcomes investigated for HER2-0 and HER2-low-positive breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Between 1998 and 2020, 10,333 patients with primary breast cancer were treated, including 1373 patients with HER2-0 or HER2-low-positive disease with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Descriptive analyses were performed, and logistic regression models and survival analyses were calculated for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Among the 1373 patients, 930 (67.73%) had HER2-low-positive and 443 (32.27%) had HER2-0 tumors. Patients with HER2-0 tumors had a significantly better pathological complete response, 29.25% vs. 20.09%, and pathological complete response/in situ, 31.97% vs. 24.08%, than patients with HER2-low-positive tumors (p < 0.001; p = 0.003), regardless of the hormone receptor (HR) status. No statistically significant differences were observed for the HR-positive (p = 0.315; p = 0.43) or HR-negative subgroups (p = 0.573; p = 0.931). DFS and OS were significantly longer for HR-positive, HER2-low-positive patients (log-rank p = 0.02; p = 0.012). OS was significantly longer for HR-negative, HER2-0 patients (log-rank p = 0.032). No significant DFS differences were found for the HR-negative cohort (log-rank p = 0.232). For the overall cohort, no significant differences were noted between HER2-low-positive and HER2-0 patients, either for DFS (log-rank p = 0.220) or OS (log-rank p = 0.403). These results show different survival outcomes for HER2-0 and HER2-low-positive tumors relative to HR status. These different cohorts can be identified using standardized immunohistochemistry, even retrospectively.
Glucocorticoid Receptor Activation in Lobular Breast Cancer Is Associated with Reduced Cell Proliferation and Promotion of Metastases
Authors: Porter Baylee A. , Frerich Candace , Lainé Muriel , Clark Abigail B. , Durdana Ishrat , Lee Jeon , Taya Manisha , Sahoo Sunati , Greene Geoffrey L. , Bennett Lynda , Conzen Suzanne D.
Published: September 2023

Estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC) comprises about ~15% of breast cancer. ILC’s unique genotypic (loss of wild type E-cadherin expression) and phenotypic (small individual round cancer cells that grow in discontinuous nests) are thought to contribute to a distinctive pattern of metastases to serosal membranes. Unlike invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), ILC metastases often intercalate into the mesothelial layer of the peritoneum and other serosal surfaces. While ER activity is a known driver of ILC proliferation, very little is known about how additional nuclear receptors contribute to ILC’s distinctive biology. In ER+ IDC, we showed previously that glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activity inhibits pro-proliferative gene expression and cell proliferation. Here we examined ER+ ILC models and found that GR activation similarly reduces S-phase entry gene expression and ILC proliferation. While slowing tumor growth rate, our data also suggest that GR activation results in an enhanced metastatic phenotype through increasing integrin-encoding gene expression, extracellular matrix protein adhesion, and mesothelial cell clearance. Moreover, in an intraductal mouse mammary gland model of ILC, we found that GR expression is associated with increased bone metastases despite slowed primary mammary tumor growth. Taken together, our findings suggest GR-mediated gene expression may contribute to the unusual characteristics of ILC biology.
Health-Related Quality of Life Outcomes in Meningioma Patients Based upon Tumor Location and Treatment Modality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: San Ali , Rahman Raphia K. , Sanmugananthan Praveen , Dubé Michael D. , Panico Nicholas , Ariwodo Ogechukwu , Shah Vidur , D’Amico Randy S.
Published: September 2023

Patients with meningiomas may have reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL) due to postoperative neurological deficits, cognitive dysfunction, and psychosocial burden. Although advances in surgery and radiotherapy have improved progression-free survival rates, there is limited evidence regarding treatment outcomes on HRQoL. This review examines HRQoL outcomes based on tumor location and treatment modality. A systematic search in PubMed yielded 28 studies with 3167 patients. The mean age was 54.27 years and most patients were female (70.8%). Approximately 78% of meningiomas were located in the skull base (10.8% anterior, 23.3% middle, and 39.7% posterior fossae). Treatment modalities included craniotomy (73.6%), radiotherapy (11.4%), and endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) (4.0%). The Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) was the most commonly utilized HRQoL instrument (27%). Preoperative KPS scores > 80 were associated with increased occurrence of postoperative neurological deficits. A significant difference was found between pre- and post-operative KPS scores for anterior/middle skull base meningiomas (SBMs) in comparison to posterior (SBMs) when treated with craniotomy. Post-craniotomy SF-36 scores were lower for posterior SBMs in comparison to those in the anterior and middle fossae. Risk factors for poor neurological outcomes include a high preoperative KPS score and patients with posterior SBMs may experience a greater burden in HRQoL.
Decanoic Acid Exerts Its Anti-Tumor Effects via Targeting c-Met Signaling Cascades in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Model
Authors: Yang Min Hee , Lee Mina , Deivasigamani Amudha , Le Duc Dat , Mohan Chakrabhavi Dhananjaya , Hui Kam Man , Sethi Gautam , Ahn Kwang Seok
Published: September 2023

DA, one of the medium-chain fatty acids found in coconut oil, is suggested to have diverse biochemical functions. However, its possible role as a chemoprevention agent in HCC has not been deciphered. Aberrant activation of c-Met can modulate tumor growth and progression in HCC. Here, we report that DA exhibited pro-found anti-tumor effects on human HCC through the suppression of HGF/c-Met signaling cascades in vitro and in vivo. It was noted that DA inhibited HGF-induced activation of c-Met and its downstream signals. DA induced apoptotic cell death and inhibited the expression of diverse tumorigenic proteins. In addition, DA attenuated tumor growth and lung metastasis in the HCC mouse model. Similar to in vitro studies, DA also suppressed the expression of c-Met and its downstream signals in mice tissues. These results highlight the substantial potential of DA in the prevention and treatment of HCC.