bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Development of Quizziz-Assisted Sequence and Series Module to Increase Mathematical Understanding Ability of Senior High School Students
Authors: Ashidiqi Miftah , Sugandi Asep Ikin
Published: June 2023

Mathematical understanding is a very important aspect and the basis for students' mathematical abilities, but the fact is that mathematical understanding is still difficult for students to do. Based on the results of initial observations found problems in learning mathematics, such as students still having difficulty in (a) applying mathematical concepts, (b) students do not play an active role in the learning process, (c) teachers still use the lecture method. As a result, students do not understand the subject matter well. So from this the purpose of this study was to develop a quizziz-assisted sequence and series module to measure students' mathematical understanding abilities. The research subjects were class XII students. The research method uses R& D level 1 is research and development where this research will develop and validate products without product deployment. The indicators of mathematical understanding used are: (1) identifying the concepts studied, (2) predicting a problem using the sequence concept, (3) developing the concepts studied, (4) proving understanding of a concept, (5) applying the formula to cases simple. The instruments used were tests and non-tests. The test instrument is in the form of questions and non-tests in the form of a student attitude scale questionnaire. From the results of data processing, it was obtained from ICT experts getting a score of 85.12% which was categorized as very valid, from material experts getting a score of 79.5% which was categorized as valid, the practical category got a score of 76% which was categorized as practical and the effective category averaged 68.5% which in the good category.
Analysis of Death Due to Poisoning in the National Capital Region (2014-2016)
Authors: Park Meejung , Park Jongsin , Lee Sangki , In Sangwhan
Published: June 2023

Purpose: This study examined the patterns of drugs, poisons, and chemicals detected in autopsy samples performed in the Seoul Institute and other regional forensic offices of the National Forensic Service (NFS) between 2014 and 2016. Methods: The investigation carried out using the laboratory information management system. Forensic toxicological identification and quantitation were performed in autopsy samples, including heart blood, peripheral blood, liver, kidney, vitreous humor and etc. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were used to analyze the drugs and poisons. Results: Forensic autopsies were performed on 9,674 cases in this period. Based on the autopsy reports, 699 cases (7.2%) were considered as unnatural deaths caused by fatal intoxication. The number of male deaths was higher than that of female deaths, with the age of 50-59 being the most common age group. Conclusion: Drugs comprised the largest number of deaths due to poison, followed by alcohol, agrochemicals, drug with alcohol, carbon monoxide, and cyanide, in that order. Zolpidem was the most frequently used drug in all drug-related intoxication cases.
A Case of Cement Hardening Agent Intoxication with Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Seo Young Woo , Jang Tae Chang , Kim Gyun Moo , Ko Seung Hyun
Published: June 2023

Chronic silica nephropathy has been associated with tubulointerstitial disease, immune-mediated multisystem disease, chronic kidney disease, and end-stage renal disease. On the other hand, acute intentional exposure is extremely rare. The authors' experienced a 44-year-old man who took rapid cement hardener (sodium silicate) in a suicide attempt whilst in a drunken state. He visited the emergency department approximately 1 hour after ingestion. Information on the material was obtained after 3 L gastric lavage. The patient complained of a sore throat, epigastric pain, and swollen to blood tinged vomitus. Proton pump inhibitors, hemostats, steroid, and fluids were administered. Nine hours after ingestion, he was administered 200 mL hematochezia. Immediately after, a gas-troenterologist performed an endoscopic procedure that revealed diffuse hyperemic mucosa with a color change and variable sized ulceration in the esophagus, whole stomach, and duodenal $2^{nd}$ portion. Approximately 35 hours later, persistent oligouria and progressive worsening of the renal function parameters (BUN/Cr from 12.2/1.2 to 67.5/6.6 mg/dL) occurred requiring hemodialysis. The patient underwent 8 sessions of hemodialysis for 1 month and the BUN/Cr level increased to 143.2/11.2 mg/dL and decreased to 7.6/1.5 mg/dL. He was discharged safely from the hospital. Follow up endoscopy revealed a severe esophageal stricture and he underwent endoscopic bougie dilatation. Acute cement hardener (sodium silicate) intoxication can cause renal failure and strong caustic mucosal injury. Therefore, it is important to consider early hemodialysis and treatment to prevent gastrointestinal injury and remote esophageal stricture.
A Case Report of Cardiac Arrest Following Intentional Ingestion of Liquid Nicotine for Electronic Cigarette
Authors: Kim Jung Ho
Published: June 2023

Acute nicotine poisoning by liquid nicotine for electronic cigarettes is becoming an increasing problem worldwide. On the other hand, there are no regulations regarding its concentration, container or labelling in Korea. This is the first case of a cardiac arrest after liquid nicotine ingestion that was confirmed by plasma nicotine detection in Korea. A 34-year-old male was found with a cardiac arrest at home by the emergency medical services crew, and had a return of spontaneous circulation after 27 minutes of cardio-pulmonary resuscitation. The cause of his cardiac arrest was suspected to be acute nicotine poisoning by the ingestion of liquid nicotine. Toxicology analysis of the National Forensic Service confirmed plasma nicotine, and the pharmacokinetic estimated average concentration of plasma nicotine at the time of the cardiac arrest was 29.7 mg/L, a lethal dose. He was hospitalized for further treatment, but was discharged after 20 days without any improvement. Considering the strong toxicity of nicotine, appropriate policy decisions are required for sales and distribution.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio as A Predictor of Aspiration Pneumonia in Drug Intoxication Patients
Authors: Lee Jeong Beom , Lee Sun Hwa , Yun Seong Jong , Ryu Seokyong , Choi Seung Woon , Kim Hye Jin , Kang Tae Kyung , Oh Sung Chan , Cho Suk Jin , Seo Beom Sok
Published: June 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and occurrence of aspiration pneumonia in drug intoxication (DI) patients in the emergency department (ED) and to evaluate the relationship between NLR and length of hospital admission/intensive care unit (ICU) admission Methods: A total of 466 patients diagnosed with DI in the ED from January 2016 to December 2017 were included in the analysis. The clinical and laboratory results, including NLR, were evaluated as variables. NLR was calculated as the absolute neutrophil count/absolute lymphocyte count. To evaluate the prognosis of DI, data on the development of aspiration pneumonia were obtained. Also, we evaluated the relationship between NLR and length of hospital admission and between NLR and length of ICU admission. Statistically, multivariate logistic regression analyses, receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and Pearson's correlation (${ho}$) were performed. Results: Among the 466 DI patients, 86 (18.5%) developed aspiration pneumonia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed NLR as an independent factor in predicting aspiration pneumonia (odds ratio, 1.7; p=0.001). NLR showed excellent predictive performance for aspiration pneumonia (areas under the ROC curves, 0.815; cut-off value, 3.47; p<0.001) with a sensitivity of 86.0% and a specificity of 72.6%. No correlations between NLR and length of hospital admission (${ho}=0.195$) and between NLR and length of ICU admission (${ho}=0.092$) were observed. Conclusion: The NLR is a simple and effective marker for predicting the occurrence of aspiration pneumonia in DI patients. Emergency physicians should be alert for aspiration pneumonia in DI patients with high NLR value (>3.47).
Self-poisoning as a Target Group for Prevention of Suicide
Authors: Kwak Moon Hwan , Kang Hyun Young , Lee Si Jin , Han Kap Su , Kim Su Jin , Lee Eu Jung , Lee Sung Woo
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The Korean government has tried to decrease the suicide death rate over the last decade. Suicide attempts, particularly non-fatal attempts, are the most powerful known risk factor for a completed suicide. An analysis of suicide attempt methods will help establish the effective preventive action of suicide. Fit prevention according to the method of suicide attempt may decrease the incidence of suicide death. Self-poisoning is suggested as a major method of both suicide attempts and suicide death. The aim of this study was to determine if a self-poisoning patient is a suitable target for the prevention of the suicide. Methods: This was retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort, which included patients who presented to the emergency department (ED) after a self-harm or suicide attempt from Jan 2013 to Dec 2017. The proportion of methods in suicide attempts, psychological consultation, and fatality according to the suicide attempt method were analyzed. The types of poison were also analyzed. Results: Poisoning was the most common method of suicide attempts (52.1%). The rate of psychological consultations were 18.8% for all patients and 29.1% for poison patients (p<0.001). The rate of mortality in poisoning was 0.6%. Psychological consultation was performed more frequently in admission cases than discharged cases. The most common materials of poisons was psychological medicines and sedatives that had been prescribed at clinics or hospital. Conclusion: Self-poisoning is a major method of suicide attempt with a high rate of psychiatric consultation, low mortality rate, versus others methods. The prevention of suicide death for suicide attempts may focus on self-poisoning, which is the major method of suicide attempts. A suitable aftercare program for self-poisoning may be an effective method for preventing suicide if an early diagnosis and management of psychiatric disorders through psychiatric consultation can be made, and early connection to social prevention program for non-fatal patients are possible.
Scombroid Fish Poisoning and Histamine Food Poisoning
Authors: Chung Sung Phil
Published: June 2023

Scombroid fish poisoning (SFP) is a form of histamine food poisoning caused by the ingestion of improperly stored fish. The term "scombroid" derives from the family name of the fish family first implicated, such as tuna and mackerel. On the other hand, non-scombroid fish species, such as sardine and herring, can also cause histamine poisoning. The histamine is converted from histidine by a bacterial enzyme in the causative fish. Because the symptoms of SFP can easily be confused with food allergies, it is believed to have been significantly under-reported. In 2016, an outbreak of SFP occurred among primary school students who had eaten yellowtail steak in Korea. The most common findings consisted of a rapid onset of flushing of the face and trunk, erythematous and urticarial rash, diarrhea, and headache occurring soon after consuming the spoiled fish. Usually, the course is self-limiting and antihistamines can be used successfully to relieve symptoms, but several life-threatening SFP cases have been reported. Clinical toxicologists should be familiar with SFP and have competency to make a differential diagnosis between fish allergy and histamine poisoning. SFP is a histamine-induced reaction caused by the ingestion of histamine-contaminated fish, whereas a fish allergy is an IgE-mediated reaction. This review discusses the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and preventive measures of SFP.
Risk Factors of Delirium in ICU Patients with Acute Poisoning
Authors: Kim Hee Yeon , Cha Kyung Man , So Byung Hak
Published: June 2023

Purpose: This study estimated the incidence of delirium and associated risk factors and outcomes in ICU patients with acute poisoning. Methods: Data were collected from ICU patients over 18 years of age that were admitted via the emergency center after presenting with poisoning from 2010 to 2015. Delirium was assessed retrospectively using the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC). Risk factors were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 199 patients participated in this study and 68 (34.2%) were diagnosed with delirium based on the ICDSC score. The delirium group showed a significantly higher association with prolonged length of stay in the hospital and ICU in comparison with the non-delirium group. The delirium group was associated with greater use of physical restraint. A statistically greater number of patients with pharmaceutical substance poisoning developed delirium over a short period of time than those with non-pharmaceutical substance poisoning. There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to age, sex, past history, GCS score, vital signs, application of ventilator care and renal replacement therapy. Conclusion: The finding that the delirium group had a greater length of stay in both the hospital and the ICU is consistent with the results of previous worldwide studies of the effects of delirium on the prognosis of patients who were admitted to the ICU, suggesting the possibility for domestic application. Additionally, use of physical restraint was positively related to the incidence of delirium. Thus, interventions for minimizing the use of physical restraints and considering alternatives are needed.
A Case of Treatment with QRS Widening in Electrocardiogram after Glyphosate Herbicide Poisoning
Authors: Lee Joo Hwan
Published: June 2023

Glyphosate herbicides, which are widely used worldwide, are known to have low toxicity. However, excessive intake may cause serious life-threatening complications; therefore, caution is needed when using them. A 51-year-old man visited the hospital after ingesting glyphosate herbicide. At the time of admission, his vital signs were 80/60 mmHg-115/min-20/min-$37.3^{circ}C$. Electrocardiogram (ECG) showed QRS widening and corrected QT (QTc) prolongation, and blood tests showed metabolic acidosis. Treatment with gastric lavage, activated charcoal, sodium bicarbonate and intravenous lipid emulsion therapy was performed. After 2 hours, his blood pressure increased to 130/90 mg, and no QRS widening was observed on ECG.
Elevation of Procalcitonin in an Adolescent Acetaminophen Intoxication
Authors: Kim So Eun , Lee Jae Baek , Jin Young Ho , Yoon Jae Chol , Jo Si On , Jeong Tae Oh
Published: June 2023

Procalcitonin (PCT) is commonly employed in medical practice as a diagnostic biomarker of bacterial infection and also as a monitoring biomarker for antimicrobial therapy. There have been a few published reports concerning elevated PCT levels in people with acute liver injury caused by an overdose of acetaminophen. We report here on a case of PCT elevation in an adolescent with acute acetaminophen poisoning without any bacterial infection or liver injury. A 15-year-old girl had deliberately ingested 20 tablets of 650 mg acetaminophen (13 g) and she presented to our emergency department. The PCT level on admission was elevated to 65.64 ng/mL (reference range: 0-0.5 ng/mL). Her PCT level on the second day peaked up to 100 ng/mL and then it gradually decreased. There was no evidence of liver injury or infection on the computed tomography examination and other lab tests. The patient regained her good health and was discharged on the sixth day of hospitalization.
A trade-off between root growth response and proline hyper-accumulation in plants exposed to heavy metals
Authors: Tripathi Bhuminath , Singh Vijeta , Singh Vijetna , Ikram Sana Fatima , Gasperl Anna , Müller Maria
Published: June 2023

Proline hyper-accumulation is one of the widely reported responses of
plants exposed to heavy metals. The present study observed the level of
proline hyper-accumulation in 20 crop plants exposed to Cu and in
T. aestivum exposed to various heavy metals. Differential
observations in resistance (growth as indicator), avoidance (of Cu/
heavy metal) and tolerance (proline hyper-accumulation as indicator) of
these plants to heavy metals was studied. Avoidance and tolerance were
not correlated and found to be independent of total Cu accumulation. In
75% plant tolerance was correlated negatively with root growth (or
positively with root growth inhibition). These results indicate a
trade-off between root growth and proline hyper-accumulation (tolerance)
to Cu stress. Crops with higher proline accumulation (tolerance) showed
less root growth.
The Heads Up Checkup Digital Mental Health & Behavioral Risk Screening System: Clinical Inter-Rater Reliability for Identifying Youth in Crisis
Authors: Genero Nancy P. , Lozano Alyssa , Sanchez Mariana , Cano Miguel
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT The present study evaluated the inter-rater reliability of the
Heads Up Checkup (HCU), a brief digital mental health and
behavioral adaptive screening system designed for use in primary care
and diverse school settings. Two independent licensed clinical
psychologists reviewed a random sample of thirty (N=30) HCU clinical
screening reports (CSRs) of 13-14 year old adolescents drawn from a
larger sample (N=846) enrolled in a predominantly Hispanic public middle
school in California. Results showed strong inter-rater agreement
(Fleiss kappa=.93) between clinician ratings and the screener’s priority
risk index (HPI) in identifying students “in crisis.” In addition,
clinicians’ ratings of confidence in their priority judgments were found
to be significantly higher for the high-risk “in crisis” cases.
Reasonable evidence of convergent validity emerged due to the
significant correlations between clinician ratings of psychological
distress and the HPI. Overall findings suggest that as an online
universal school-based screener, the HCU has valid utility for
identifying high-risk “in crisis” cases which can translate into
timely and pragmatic real-world therapeutic solutions for diverse
populations of adolescents. Future research directions with respect to
the refinement of measurement issues and feasibility of implementation
of population-level online screeners in schools are discussed. Keywords:
Adolescent psychological distress, youth mental health risk assessment,
inter-rater reliability, convergent validity.
Investigating the Incidence of Candida Species in Women with Vulvovaginitis in East of Iran
Authors: Poursamimi Javad , Behzadmehr Rezvaneh , Mehr Razieh Behzad , Ghaffari Hamid Reza , Fouladi Bahman
Published: June 2023

A set of fungal (candida (c.) albicans), bacterial and parasitic agents
have a role in the incidence of Vulvovaginitis infectious form. To
investigate Candida species incidence in east Iran, sixty-five
Vulvovaginitis patients (20-50 years old) entered the study. Vaginal
specimens were obtained and cultured. The PCR was performed to expand
the ITS1-5.8s-ITS2 rDNA gene regions. Of the whole patients, 64% with
c. albicans showed moderate and 36% severe symptoms. In non-albicans
groups, 60% were moderate and 40% had severe symptoms. In the negative
group, 28.6% were mild, 68.6% had moderate, and 2.8% had severe
symptoms. Individuals under a diploma were the most frequent of the
education level. 56% of the c. albicans group, and 40% of the
non-albicans groups had taken fluconazole. 20% of the non-albicans
groups also had taken azithromycin. 40% had not any taken. In sum,
2.9% had taken azithromycin, and 2.9% also two drugs of the
azithromycin-metronidazole in the negative group. In sum, in the
negative group, 2.9% were azithromycin, 2.9% the
azithromycin-metronidazole, and 94.3% were without a history of
antibiotic takes. 56% of the c. albicans and 40% non-albicans also
were with a history of fluconazole takes (P<0.005). 60% of
the albicans and 2.9% of the negative groups had relapses. After the
PCR-RFLP technique, 13.4% of isolates were identified as c. dublinensis
and 86.95% as c. albicans. In the end, c. albicans and then glabrata
was introduced as the most common species. The incidence rate of
albicans species also was higher than the other studies.
Pre-Registration in COVID-19 Vaccination: The Case of Saarland
Authors: Alscher Alexander
Published: June 2023

Purpose: This study examines which vaccination organization
system performed best in the COVID-19 pandemic to improve future
vaccination organization. Study design: The vaccination
organization of every federal state is categorized as decentralized or
centralized and analysed based on their daily vaccination rates and the
vaccination time series of the federal state with the highest
vaccination rate is analysed by using the Event Study Methodology
[ESM]. Findings: In Germany’s federal state with the
highest vaccination rate (i.e., Saarland), the change from a system of
availability-based offerings to a pre-registration with preferences and
automatic appointment allocation system was a significant performance
factor. Originality: A quasi-experimental study with a
different vaccination organization is setup and the Event Study
Methodology [ESM] is applied to the vaccination context.
Research limitations: This study is limited on the vaccination
organization of high-developped countries with a comprehensive health
system such as Germany. Practical implications: A
pre-registration and automatic appointment allocation system is
recommended as best practice to policy makers and pandemic managers for
their vaccination organization given the first half-year experience in
the COVID-19 pandemic. Social implications: A cumulative
additional vaccination rate of 8.44 per 100 inhabitants and an 14%
overperformance is found. The implementation of this system for whole
Germany would have resulted in 4% higher protection, estimated 26’596
less infections, US$ 7 million less hospitalization costs, and earlier
relaxation of lockdown of two months.
Pride and Prejudice: What Influences Australians’ Attitudes towards Changing the Date of Australia Day?
Authors: Mortimer-Royle Eliza , Webb Stephanie , McLinton Sarven , Watkins Michael , Clark Yvonne
Published: June 2023

Australia Day, celebrated on January 26, is rooted in Australia’s
colonial history and causes pain for many of Australia’s First Peoples.
This study was the first to investigate predictors of Australians’
attitudes towards the date, whilst exploring whether intervention may
improve attitudes towards a date-change. An Australian community sample
( N=559) were recruited through social media for an anonymous survey.
Participants indicated their support for date-change, and responded to a
variety of demographic (e.g., Age) and sociodemographic (e.g., Racism)
questions, then being randomly allocated to an intervention statement,
indicating their final attitudes post-intervention. Findings suggest
sociodemographic factors were more important predictors than
demographics, with Racism ( β =.50***), Traditionalism ( β
=.18**), Patriotism ( β =.13*) and Age ( β =.10*)
significantly predicting participants’ date-change resistance. Racism
demonstrated the most predictive strength, underscoring the importance
of a date-change, with those open to change often identifying any
alternative date should not offend First Peoples. In addition,
intervention produced significant improvement in participants’
date-change attitudes, among those able to become more open to a
date-change; however, differences were not present between intervention
conditions. This illuminates the factors predicting Australians’
attitudes towards Australia Day, whilst demonstrating a potential path
towards date-change through intervention.
Process Modeling of Aerosol-cloud Interaction in Summertime Precipitating Shallow Cumulus over the Western North Atlantic
Authors: Li Xiang-Yu , Wang Hailong , Christensen Matthew W. , Chen Jingyi , Tang Shuaiqi , Kirschler Simon , Crosbie Ewan , Ziemba Luke D. , Painemal David , Corral Andrea , McCauley Kayla Ann , Dmitrovic Sanja , Sorooshian Armin , Fenn Marta A , schlosser joseph , Stamnes Snorre , Hair Johnathan , Cairns Brian , Moore Richard H , Ferrare Richard , Shook Michael , Choi Yonghoon , Diskin Glenn S. , DiGangi Joshua Paul , Nowak John B. , Robinson Claire E , Shingler Taylor , Thornhill Kenneth L , Voigt Christiane
Published: June 2023

Process modeling of aerosol-cloud interaction is essential to bridging
gaps between observational analysis and climate modeling of aerosol
effects in the Earth system and eventually reducing climate projection
uncertainties. In this study, we examine aerosol-cloud interaction in
summertime precipitating shallow cumuli observed during the Aerosol
Cloud meTeorology Interactions oVer the western ATlantic Experiment
(ACTIVATE). Aerosols and precipitating shallow cumuli were extensively
observed with in-situ and remote-sensing instruments during two research
flight cases on 02 June and 07 June, respectively, during the ACTIVATE
summer 2021 deployment phase. We perform observational analysis and
large-eddy simulation (LES) of aerosol effect on precipitating cumulus
in these two cases. Given the measured aerosol size distributions and
meteorological conditions, LES is able to reproduce the observed cloud
properties by aircraft such as liquid water content (LWC), cloud droplet
number concentration (N) and effective radius
r. However, it produces smaller liquid water path
(LWP) and larger N compared to the satellite
retrievals. Both 02 and 07 June cases are over warm waters of the Gulf
Stream and have a cloud top height over 3 km, but the 07 June case is
more polluted and has larger LWC. We find that the aerosol-induced LWP
adjustment is dominated by precipitation and is anticorrelated with
cloud-top entrainment for both cases. A negative cloud fraction
adjustment due to an increase of aerosol number concentration is also
shown in the simulations.
Assessing Radiative Impacts of African Smoke Aerosols over the Southeastern Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Logan Timothy , Dong Xiquan , Xi Baike , Zheng Xiaojian , Wu Lily , Abramowitz Aidin , Goluszka Amanda
Published: June 2023

Biomass burning smoke aerosols exhibit complex impacts on the
temperature profile of the atmosphere and cloud development. Central
Africa is a region where smoke aerosols are constantly being transported
westward over the remote southeastern Atlantic Ocean. A dedicated
measurement platform located on Ascension Island, maintained by the U.
S. Department of Energy, observed several plumes of biomass burning
smoke during the 2016 and 2017 austral burn season months. It was found
that the smoke aerosols displayed different radiative properties while
readily activating as cloud condensation nuclei. An anomalously strong
African Easterly Jet was responsible for facilitating extreme fire
conditions in 2016. During the 2017 burn season, an anomalously weaker
jet led to more mixing of mineral dust and marine aerosols which were
more efficient at cooling the atmosphere than in 2016.
Experimental investigation of micro-ECM on MONEL 400 alloy using particles mixed electrolyte
Authors: Gokulanathan Loganathan , Annamalai Jegan
Published: June 2023

The machining of extremely hard material in conventional machining requires high energy. Therefore stress-free, burr-free, and high-accuracy machining technique like Electro Chemical Micro Machining (ECMM) with extra features is recommended. To improve efficiency, various electrolytes such as Magnet Associated Electrolytes (MGAE), Metal Particle Mixed Electrolytes (MPME), and Carbon Pellets Mixed Electrolytes (CPME) are employed. The micro-holes were drilled over the work material MONEL 400 alloy. The parameters for the studies are electrolyte type, concentration (g/l), machining voltage (V), and duty cycle (%). The responses of ECMM are estimated through material removal rate (MRR) in ?m/sec and overcut in ?m. The results are optimized using Multi-objective optimization based on ratio analysis (MOORA) and VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR). Both techniques produce the same optimal parameter, 18th experiment CPME, 50% duty cycle, 11 V machining voltage, and 28 g/l electrolyte concentration. It is the best optimal parameter solution for machining. According to the ANOVA table of both, the type of electrolyte plays a 62.6% and 60.37% contribution, respectively, to machining performance. Furthermore, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) image analysis perused on the micro holes to extend the effect of different electrolytes on machining surfaces.
Harmonization of conflicts in the areas of cultural heritage sites: The case of Belo Brdo-Vinca in Belgrade, Serbia
Authors: Dobricic Milica , Maksic-Mulalic Milica
Published: June 2023

This paper researches the problems of protection and management of cultural heritage sites in Serbia and the possibilities of harmonization of conflicts in these areas. As a case study, the Belo Brdo archaeological site in the city of Belgrade was analyzed. The Belo Brdo archaeological site is of international importance and represents the largest and the most significant multi-layered prehistoric settlement in Europe and the eponymous site of the younger Neolithic, Vinca cultural group. The main research problem is how conflicts, between cultural heritage protection and other activities could be harmonized in the areas of cultural heritage sites. The basic goal of this research is to define the possible directions of improvements of planning and management practices in the areas of cultural heritage sites, including institutional and policy mechanisms, as well as a suitable management model. The results of the research could be applicable in the future planning practices of other cultural heritage sites in the country and region.
Comments by the Ad Hoc Task Force of the Auditing Standards Committee of the Auditing Section of the American Accounting Association on the Proposed Auditing Standard, the Auditor’s Use of Confirmation, and Other Proposed Amendments to PCAOB Standards
Authors: Boland Colleen M. , Caster Paul , Elder Randal J. , Janvrin Diane
Published: June 2023

On December 20, 2022, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) issued a request for comment on its proposed auditing standard, The Auditor’s Use of Confirmation, and Other Proposed Amendments to PCAOB Standards. The proposed auditing standard describes principles-based requirements that apply to paper-based and electronic confirmations, improves integration with risk assessment standards, requires confirmation for cash held by third parties, and carries over existing requirements regarding confirming accounts receivable. Further, it considers additional audit procedures when using negative confirmation requests and clarifies certain activities where the auditor should not use an internal auditor to provide direct assistance. The proposed standard is important, as the audit confirmation process touches nearly every audit. The comment period ended on February 20, 2023. This commentary summarizes the participating members’ views on the questions posed by the PCAOB.

Data Availability: Proposed Auditing Standard—The Auditor’s Use of Confirmation, and Other Proposed Amendments to PCAOB Standards, including questions for respondents, is available at PCAOB Proposes New Standard for the Auditor’s Use of Confirmation | PCAOB (https://pcaobus.org/).
1816-PUB: Training and Support for Hospital Staff in the Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring as Standard of Care in a Real-World Hospital Setting
Authors: LOHNES SUZANNE , BASTIAN ALESSANDRA , FORTMANN ADDIE L. , TALAVERA LAURA , BELASCO REBEKAH , SANDOVAL HALEY , CHICHMARENKO MARIYA , SPIERLING BAGSIC SAMANTHA R. , SORIANO EMILY , ACUNA REBECCA , SAENZ SHIRLEY M. , JUAREZ TERESA , PHILIS-TSIMIKAS ATHENA
Published: June 2023

Use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in the hospital is limited and staff familiarity with CGM technology is low. During the COVID-19 pandemic and following the non-objection of the FDA to use of CGM in the hospital, the CGM as “standard of care” (CGM as SOC) program was implemented at Scripps Mercy Hospital in San Diego, CA using the Dexcom G6 CGM system. The implementation process of CGM as SOC included generating daily eligible patient lists, deploying specialized teams for CGM placement and connecting to nursing station iPads and centralized monitoring dashboards, and training of hospital nursing staff for CGM readings. A remote Advanced Practice Nurse (APN) served as an on-site trainer and expert consultant for troubleshooting. A Learning Management System (LMS) module was created for staff training and surveys assessed the training process. From May 2020-December 2022, CGM devices were placed on over 1200 adult hospitalized patients with diabetes requiring insulin. The APN conducted 30 live trainings for all units and shifts over 6 months. N=838 RNs completed the LMS module and met the required post-test passing rate of ≥ 80%. A total of N=38 self-report surveys were completed by nursing staff. Survey responses confirmed that most RNs felt confident in using the CGM nursing guide (97%) and had access to experts for troubleshooting (89%). Most common questions were related to technology troubleshooting (71%) compared to clinical issues (29%). Daily bedtime validation was transitioned from the APN to the bedside nursing staff using a validation calculator within EPIC. Despite limited baseline knowledge of CGM by hospital staff, deployment of specialized teams, APN on-site training and delivery of LMS modules supported the rapid implementation of CGM as SOC in a large community-based hospital. Standard training tools and processes can allow replication in health systems for use as part of the current provisional FDA allowance.

Disclosure

S.Lohnes: Consultant; Dexcom, Inc. R.Acuna: None. S.M.Saenz: None. T.Juarez: None. A.Philis-tsimikas: Advisory Panel; Dexcom, Inc., Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi, Other Relationship; Medtronic, Research Support; Novo Nordisk A/S, Lilly, Viking Therapeutics, NIH - National Institutes of Health. A.Bastian: None. A.L.Fortmann: Employee; Dexcom, Inc. L.Talavera: None. R.Belasco: None. H.Sandoval: None. M.Chichmarenko: None. S.R.Spierling bagsic: None. E.Soriano: None.
1835-PUB: Risk Factors for Women Identified with Gestational Diabetes—A Matched Case Control Study
Authors: DALY BARBARA , WU ZHENQIANG , SCRAGG ROBERT
Published: June 2023

Aim: To quantify risk factors for women who develop GDM in New Zealand.

Methods: Utilizing a national dataset for all births (n=604,398) from 2001 to 2010, 11447 women were identified with GDM and compared with 57235 control women randomly matched for age and delivery year.

Results: Compared with European women, Asian (3.60, 3.37-3.82), Pacific (2.76 2.54-2.96) and Māori (1.20 1.11-1.29) women had a higher risk of GDM. Women more deprived (1.44 1.34-1.58); residing in urban areas (0.83 0.77-0.88); unregistered (1.16, 1.04-1.30) and primipara (0.83 0.78-0.87) were more likely to develop GDM. As were women who developed pre-eclampsia (2.29 2.13-2.46) or prescribed cardiovascular medications predelivery (2.18, 1.95-2.45) compared with control women.

Disclosure

B.Daly: None. Z.Wu: None. R.Scragg: None.

Funding

University of Auckland (71604/9450)
1837-PUB: Impact of Annual Health Evaluations in a Workplace Setting—Skipping an Evaluation Is Associated with Increased Risk Factors for Chronic Disease
Authors: VAN KY T. , SIPE LORI L. , CHEN ZHEN , FRAGALA MAREN S. , BIRSE CHARLES E.
Published: June 2023

Objective: To evaluate the impact of skipping an annual health evaluation on biometric and blood-based metrics related to chronic disease.

Methods: This longitudinal study included a cohort of adults who participated in an employer-sponsored wellness program in 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2021 but missed 2020, with metrics for body weight, BMI, blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and lipids (Table) for each year. The mean differences between 2017 and 2019 (“no evaluations missed”) were compared to the mean differences between 2019 and 2021 (“evaluation missed”) using paired t tests. To account for changes in test procedures and period effects such as Covid, individual results were normalized by subtracting a population mean of an independent cohort that was evaluated for all 5 years (2017-2021), across all metrics and years.

Results: Of the 7,620 participants, 48.9% were female and the mean (standard deviation) age was 44.8 (10.9) years. Missing an annual evaluation was associated with increased BMI (0.09 kg/m2; P=0.04), HbA1c (0.03%, P=0.0006), and triglycerides (3.68 mg/dL, P=0.003), and decreased HDL-C (-1.39 mg/dL, P<0.0001), compared to not missing an evaluation.

Conclusions: Missing an annual workplace health evaluation was associated with higher levels of risk factors related to chronic disease.

Disclosure

K.T.Van: Employee; Quest Diagnostics. L.L.Sipe: None. Z.Chen: Employee; Quest Diagnostics, Stock/Shareholder; Quest Diagnostics. M.S.Fragala: Employee; Quest Diagnostics, Stock/Shareholder; Quest Diagnostics. C.E.Birse: Employee; Quest Diagnostics.
1847-PUB: Neutrophil Count Predicts Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health Risk Factors in a Population without Diabetes
Authors: LABADAH JOSHUA , APAFLO JEHU , NARVAEZ GABRIEL , ROCHA VICTORIA M. , MOSSAYEBI ALI , BAJPEYI SUDIP
Published: June 2023

Subclinical inflammation is implicated in cardio-metabolic conditions such as impaired glucose metabolism, diabetes, and hypertension. Neutrophils are first line of immune defense call and play a role in systemic inflammation. We therefore hypothesized that neutrophil quantity will be positively associated with cardio-metabolic risk factors among individuals without diabetes.

Purpose: This study sought to determine the relevance of neutrophil count as a biomarker for cardio-metabolic health.

Methods: Forty participants without diabetes (11 males, 29 females; age 28.4±10.7 years; BMI 28.2±6.0 kg/m2, fasting blood glucose 97.28±11.09 mg/dL) participated in the study. Following overnight fasting, participants’ blood pressure and resting heart rate were measured, and venous blood draw was performed. All participants completed a 3-hour oral glucose tolerance test with 75g glucose drink. Hematological and serum chemistry analyses were performed. Body composition was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry. Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was computed from standard equations. Spearman’s correlation was performed to determine relationship between neutrophil count and markers of cardio-metabolic health.

Results: Neutrophil count is positively correlated with resting heart (r=0.5, p=0.004), triglycerides (r=0.5, p=0.002), triglycerides-HDL ratio (r=0.5, p=0.002), VLDL (r=0.5, p=0.001), Globulin (r=0.3, p=0.03), BUN/creatinine ratio (r=0.5, p=0.0004), fasting insulin (r=0.7, p=0.004), fasting blood glucose (r=0.5, p=0.0008), 2-hour OGTT glucose (r=0.5, p=0.003), glucose area under the curve (r=0.5, p=0.0001), percent body fat (r=0.6, p=0.0003), HOMA-IR (r=0.6, p=0.008) and negatively correlated with albumin/globulin ratio (r=-0.4, p=0.01), HDL (r=-0.3, p=0.04).

Conclusion: Neutrophil count is a biomarker for cardio-metabolic health risk factors in a population without diabetes.

Disclosure

J.Labadah: None. J.Apaflo: None. G.Narvaez: None. V.M.Rocha: None. A.Mossayebi: None. S.Bajpeyi: None.

Funding

The University of Texas at El Paso
Fasting ketone bodies and incident type 2 diabetes in the general population
Authors: Szili-Torok Tamas , H. de Borst Martin , Garcia Erwin , T. Gansevoort Ron , P.F. Dullaart Robin , A. Connelly Margery , J. L. Bakker Stephan , J. F. Tietge Uwe
Published: June 2023

  

With rising incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes, prevention including identification of prospective biomarkers becomes increasingly relevant. Although ketone bodies recently received a renewed interest as potential biomarkers, data linking these metabolites to diabetes risk are scarce. Therefore, the present prospective study investigated a potential association between fasting ketone bodies and incident type 2 diabetes in the general population. This study from the PREVEND cohort included 3307 participants from the general population initially free of diabetes or impaired fasting glucose. Baseline fasting ketone body concentrations were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. 126 participants (3.8%) developed type 2 diabetes during a median [IQR] follow-up of 7.3 [6.3-7.7] years. In Kaplan-Meier analysis sex-stratified ketone body levels strongly positively associated with incident type 2 diabetes, which was confirmed in Cox regression analyses adjusted for several potential confounders. There was no significant interaction by sex. Both, 3-beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate+acetone individually associated with incident type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, fasting plasma ketone body levels are strongly positively associated with incident type 2 diabetes in the general population independent of several other recognized risk factors. These results may have important implications for diabetes prevention including dietary strategies.
Hıtat Geleneğine Modern Bir Katkı: Salih Ahmed Ali’nin Hıtatu’l-Basra Adlı Eseri ve Kaynakları
Authors: HİZMETLİ Mustafa
Published: June 2023

İlk Müslüman fetihleri sonrasında yeni kurulan şehirlerde bir kabile veya kabileler topluluğuna verilen isim olan hıtat kelimesi, sonraları bu şehirler ve mahallelerindeki bina ve yapıların tanıtımı için yazılan eserlere de ad olmuştur. Bilinen ilk hıtat kitabı Heyasem b. Adi tarafından yazılmış olmakla birlikte İbn Abdülhakem’den itibaren Mısırlı müelliflerin öne çıktığı bir alan haline gelmiştir. Mısır hıtat yazıcılığı geleneğini zirveye taşıyan ve ismi türle özdeşleşen Hıtatu’l-Makriziyye müellifi Makrizî olmuştur. Hıtat yazıcılığı türünün önemini, anlamak için Makrizî’nin eserinin yazılış amacına bakmak yeterlidir. Makrizî, Hıtat’ını Kahire’nin İslam dünyasının siyasi ve kültürel merkezi olduğu dönemde ulaştığı medeniyet seviyesini anlatmak için yazmıştır. Kısaca hıtat yazıcılığı İslam şehirlerinin ulaştığı medeniyet seviyesini anlatmayı, halkın durumunu ve o şehirle ilgili dağınık bilgileri bir araya getirmeyi ve o şehirle ilgili kaynak eserlerinin bilinmesini amaçlamıştır. Bu çalışmada, bu geleneğin devamı olarak Salih Ahmed Ali tarafından yazılan Hıtatu’l-Basra’nın tarihi değeri ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Hıtatu’l-Basra geleneksel hıtat yazıcılığının bir devamı olmak üzere modern çağlarda kaleme alınan örnek bir çalışma olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu eserin kaynakları klasik kaynaklar ve modern kaynaklar şeklinde ikiye ayrılarak incelenmiştir. Eserin yazarı Salih Ahmed Ali, Arap-İslam Dünyasının ünlü tarihçilerinden olup kültür ve medeniyet tarihçiliğini öncelikli çalışma alanı olarak seçmiştir. Toplumsal ve ekonomik hayat ile şehir tarihçiliğine yoğunlaşmasında hocası Gibb’in yanı sıra ailesinin ticaretle uğraşması da rol oynamış olabilir.
AN INITIAL DATA-LIMITED MODELING OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES: CASE-STUDY OF THE VASYLKIV FUEL RESERVOIR FIRE
Authors:   National Aviation University, Radomska Margaryta , Stevens Rodney ,   University of Gothenburg, Semkiv Marta ,   National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Yatsenko Yuliia ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Lysovenko Serhii ,   National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: June 2023

The paper presents the application of the Multi-Criteria Evaluation of environmental damage under the conditions of limited available data. War actions often cause damage to industrial facilities, which in turn impacts the environment. At the same time, access to such sites and information about the development of specific events may be limited or fragmented. To support the decision-making process in such situations, the Multi-Criteria Evaluation offers structured and transparent utilization of the known quantitative and qualitative information. The Vasylkiv fuel depot fire in Kryachki village during the early days of the war was analyzed in terms of potential damage to soil, which is often omitted in the assessments of the environmental impacts of fire. The case-study analysis included a definition of the “fire-environment” system components and the factors affecting the final level of damage, the weighting of these factors and formulation of the trends describing the intensity of soil pollution as a product of particular factor values. The set dependencies were then used to model scenarios with variable meteorological conditions and varied infrastructural conditions of the reservoir park. The modelling results imply the need to account for meteorological parameters in the evaluation of environmental damage and the development of post-accident mitigation plans. The Multi-Criteria Evaluation is also recommended for preparing for potential accidents since it can compensate for the lack of data through theoretical knowledge and practical experience if a multidisciplinary team is involved.
A 2D numerical simulation to predict erosion resistance index in Phu Vinh-Quang Binh earth dam
Authors: Le V.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The suffusion susceptibility of the soil samples is evaluated through an erosion resistance index. Thanks to existing statistical analyses, the erosion resistance index is estimated from several soil parameters. In actual exploitation, the soil properties with the input parameters related to the grain distribution of the soil… vary greatly from the original design value due to the influence of many factors. One of the factors is the inherent variability. Inherent soil variability is modelled as a random field. The usual problems used to assess the suffusion susceptibility may be not give accurate results or fully evaluate the actual working ability of the ground in each case. This is one of the reasons why dams are still eroded when they are put into use. The paper aims predict erosion resistance index of the earth dam using two-dimensional (2D) Stochastics random field, modelling the initial problem, considering the variability spatial of soil properties, using the assumption of a Normal random field of soil characteristics parameters. The paper shows the predicted results of the variability spatial of erosion resistance index of Phu Vinh dam-Vietnam. Furthermore, the paper also represents the happened probability of suffusion susceptibility at the different zones in the earth dam body.
Moniäänisyys vaikeasti lukevien nuorten haastatteluissa
Authors: Satokangas Henri , Pietilä Penni , Lakka Leea
Published: June 2023

Koulupolkuun liittyy monenlaisia normeja, joita valvovat ja säätelevät erilaiset auktoriteetit. Nuoret suuntautuvat näihin normeihin ja auktoriteetteihin haastattelupuheessaan kielellisin keinoin. Tässä artikkelissa tarkastelemme näitä kielellisiä keinoja moniäänisyyden näkökulmasta. Aineisto koostuu vaikeasti lukevien nuorten haastatteluista. Analysoimme haastattelutilanteissa tuotettua moniäänisyyttä suhtautumisen teorian työkaluin. Käsittelemme jatkumoa referoinnista interdiskursiivisuuteen nimetyn äänen, epäspesifin henkilöhahmon, epämääräisen toisen äänen ja termistön kautta. Puheeseensa konstruoimien äänten avulla nuoret voivat kaiuttaa itsestään esitettyjä näkemyksiä, asettua niiden kanssa erimielisiksi ja ottaa tiedollista auktoriteettia itseään koskevissa asioissa. Termit puolestaan tuovat mukanaan nuorten puheeseen erikoisalan diskursseja, joiden kautta nuoret hahmottavat itseään suhteessa diagnostisiin kategorioihin ja jäsentävät niiden avulla omaa koulupolkuaan. Käy ilmi, että moniäänisyyden suhde nuoren toimijuuteen rakentuu kompleksiseksi: yhtäältä toiset äänet käyttävät määrittelyvaltaa nuoriin, toisaalta nuoret käyttävät eri ääniä omaa toimijuuttaan mahdollistavina resursseina.