bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nickel and nickel oxide nanoparticle-embedded functional carbon nanofibers for lithium sulfur batteries
Authors: Rakhimbek Islam , Baikalov Nurzhan , Konarov Aishuak , Mentbayeva Almagul , Zhang Yongguang , Bakenov Zhumabay
Published: December 2023

Ni/NiO-embedded carbon nanofibers were synthesized as free-standing current collectors for lithium–sulfur batteries, which enhanced the redox kinetics of the batteries and the active material utilization, resulting in stable prolonged cyclability.
Multicomponent chiral plasmonic hybrid nanomaterials: recent advances in synthesis and applications
Authors: Yang Guizeng , Sun Lichao , Zhang Qingfeng
Published: December 2023

Multicomponent chiral plasmonic hybrid nanomaterials with integrated multifunctionality exhibit intriguing chiroptical properties and promising applications in many interdisciplinary fields.
A novel ionic liquid immobilized on FSM-16: a novel recoverable nanocatalyst for the synthesis of biscoumarin derivatives
Authors: Jahanbakhshi Azar , Eskandari Sanaz , Farahi Mahnaz
Published: December 2023

In order to extend the use of supported ionic liquids as effective heterogeneous catalysts, in this research, a novel FSM-16 supported Brønsted acidic ionic liquid (FSM-16-IL-SO3H) was synthesized and characterized using various techniques such as FT-IR, TGA, SEM, EDX, XRD, and BET.
Advanced fabrication approach for innovative triple base propellants with enhanced continuous fracture resistance
Authors: Zhu Yao , Fu You , Xu Bin , Liu Zhitao , Chen Feiyun , Wei Xiaoan , Liao Xin
Published: December 2023

This research optimizes the production of triple base propellants, comparing solvent-based and solvent-free processes. Solventless propellant exhibits superior environmental adaptability, dynamic impact endurance, and fragmentation resistance.
Promoting jet fuel production by utilizing a Ru-doped Co-based catalyst of Ru-Co@C(Z-d)@Void@CeO2 in Fischer Tropsch synthesis
Authors: Safari Masoud , Haghtalab Ali , Roghabadi Farzaneh Arabpour
Published: December 2023

In this study, the MOF-derived hollow void catalyst Co@C(Z-d)@Void@CeO2 is promoted using ruthenium (Ru) for application as an efficient catalyst for the Fischer Tropsch synthesis (FTS).
Synthesis and evaluation of tirbanibulin derivatives: a detailed exploration of the structure–activity relationship for anticancer activity
Authors: Park Jaebeom , Kang Minji , Lim Ahyoung , Cho Kyung-Jin , Chae Chong Hak , Koh Byumseok , Jeon Hongjun
Published: December 2023

The structure–activity relationship of the synthesized tirbanibulin derivatives was explored; para fluorination on the benzylamine part yielded promising outcomes in potency and pharmacokinetics.
Hydrophilic amorphous Cr2O3 supported Co species toward efficient hydrogen production from ammonia borane under visible light irradiation
Authors: Wu Fenglong , Song Jin
Published: December 2023

Herein, we synthesized a hydrophilic support formed from amorphous Cr2O3 and KIT-6 containing P123 using a simple solvent-free thermal method for Co species.
A high-spin alkylperoxo–iron(iii) complex with cis-anionic ligands: implications for the superoxide reductase mechanism
Authors: Devi Tarali , Dutta Kuheli , Deutscher Jennifer , Mebs Stefan , Kuhlmann Uwe , Haumann Michael , Cula Beatrice , Dau Holger , Hildebrandt Peter , Ray Kallol
Published: December 2023

Cis-anionic ligands stabilize high-spin Fe(iii)–alkylperoxo complexes against homolytic O–O bond cleavage to form an iron(iv)–oxo moiety. The study provides some basis to speculate the structure of peroxy intermediates in superoxide reductase.
Reaction-induced morphological transitions in a blend of diblock copolymers and reactive monomers: dissipative particle dynamics simulation
Authors: Tomiyoshi Yoshinori , Oya Yutaka , Kawakatsu Toshihiro , Okabe Tomonaga
Published: December 2023

This work reproduces morphological transitions from microphase-separated structures with a high curvature (cylinder) to those with a low curvature (lamella) during the cross-linking reaction by using dissipative particle dynamics.
Elastic/viscoelastic polymer bilayers: a model-based approach to stretch-responsive constructs
Authors: Mills Austin S. , Chou Evan , Baierl Zachary , Daltorio Kathryn A. , Wnek Gary E.
Published: December 2023

An elastic/viscoelastic material mismatch is exploited to form bilayer systems that were modelled using FEA and prominent material models.
Conductive metal–organic frameworks for zinc–air battery application: design principles, recent trends and prospects
Authors: Devi Bandhana , Kurungot Sreekumar
Published: December 2023

Electrochemical energy conversion and storage systems have an indispensable place in the modern world to fulfill the increasing energy demands.
Enhanced moisture sorption through regulated MIL-101(Cr) synthesis and its integration onto heat exchangers
Authors: Wee Mei Gui Vanessa , Chinnappan Amutha , Shang Runxin , Lee Poh Seng , Ramakrishna Seeram
Published: December 2023

Through regulated and less toxic MIL-101(Cr) synthesis and superabsorbent polymeric binders, this work reports MIL-101(Cr)-coated heat exchangers with twice the water uptake of the silica gel-coated control towards energy-efficient cooling.
Glucose microenvironment sensitive degradation of arginine modified calcium sulfate reinforced poly(lactide-co-glycolide) composite scaffolds
Authors: Zhu Yongzhan , Li Yinghao , Zhou Xiaosong , Li Haoxuan , Guo Min , Zhang Peibiao
Published: December 2023

Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and calcium sulfate composites are promising biodegradable biomaterials but are still challenging to use in people with high levels of blood glucose or diabetes.
Novel chemical recycling process of REBCO materials showcased on TSMG-processed waste
Authors: Sklenka Jan , Jankovský Ondřej , Hlásek Tomáš , Antončík Filip
Published: December 2023

Due to the increasing production of rare-earth barium copper mixed oxide (REBCO) superconductors, a significant amount of REBCO waste is produced. The following recycling technique allows REBCO waste reprocessing into new precursor powder.
Chemical bath deposition of Sb2S3 thin films using the mixing solution of SbCl3 and sodium citrate as a novel Sb source for assembling efficient solar cells
Authors: Yang Bo , Shi Chengwu , Huang Yuye , Wang Yanqing , Hu Guiju , Chen Wangchao , Guo Fuling
Published: December 2023

Sb2S3 films are prepared by CBD using the mixing solution of SbCl3 and sodium citrate as a novel Sb source. The CBD growth mechanism of Sb2S3 films is revealed and the CBD growth process is dominated by the nanoparticle formation–adsorption pathway.
Multi-luminescent center integrated metal–organic frameworks for high-performance white light-emitting diodes
Authors: Wu Hailong , Tang Ying , Cui Yuanjing , Qian Guodong
Published: December 2023

A novel multi-luminescent center integrated MOF phosphor was constructed by anchoring CsPbX3 NCs on the surface of MOFs while encapsulating dyes in the pores of MOFs.
Enhanced charge mediator properties of photocatalysts with reduced graphene nanoribbons for photocatalytic acceleration of hydrogen production in aqueous media
Authors: Morita Ryono , Murakami Yasushi , Shen Xiao-Feng , Yang Dengyao , Watanabe Motonori , Song Jun Tae , Takagaki Atsushi , Ishihara Tatsumi
Published: December 2023

In this study, a hybrid photocatalyst with titanium oxide using reduced graphene nanoribbons (rGNR) was fabricated.
Interlayer and intermolecular excitons in various donor–acceptor heterostructures: applications to excitonic devices
Authors: Kim Taek Joon , Lee Sang-hun , Kwon Dayeong , Joo Jinsoo
Published: December 2023

Various donor–acceptor heterostructures with type-II band alignment are reviewed for distinct characteristics and excitonic devices of interlayer and intermolecular excitons using inorganic and organic semiconductors.
Translating efficient fluorescence into persistent room-temperature phosphorescence by doping bipolar fluorophores into polar polymer matrix
Authors: Dong Mengjiao , Liao Liyun , Li Chensheng , Mu Yingxiao , Huo Yanping , Su Zhong-Min , Liang Fushun
Published: December 2023

In the doped phosphorescent films, highly polar PAA afforded the best phosphorescence performance mainly due to the strong host–guest polar–polar interaction.
Potassium-regulated lead-free cesium copper iodide Cs3Cu2I5 perovskites with enhanced scintillation properties and their application in high-resolution X-ray imaging
Authors: Wu Tong , Shi Yun , Wu Haodi , Chen Mingyue , Ran Hongbing , Zheng Jiaqian , Li Xiang , Chen Junfeng , Tang Yiwen
Published: December 2023

Potassium doping regulation significantly enhances the scintillation performance of Cs3Cu2I5 perovskite single crystals with blue light emission.
A guide to ERK dynamics, part 1: mechanisms and models
Authors: Ram Abhineet , Murphy Devan , DeCuzzi Nicholaus , Patankar Madhura , Hu Jason , Pargett Michael , Albeck John G.
Published: December 2023

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) has long been studied as a key driver of both essential cellular processes and disease. A persistent question has been how this single pathway is able to direct multiple cell behaviors, including growth, proliferation, and death. Modern biosensor studies have revealed that the temporal pattern of ERK activity is highly variable and heterogeneous, and critically, that these dynamic differences modulate cell fate. This two-part review discusses the current understanding of dynamic activity in the ERK pathway, how it regulates cellular decisions, and how these cell fates lead to tissue regulation and pathology. In part 1, we cover the optogenetic and live-cell imaging technologies that first revealed the dynamic nature of ERK, as well as current challenges in biosensor data analysis. We also discuss advances in mathematical models for the mechanisms of ERK dynamics, including receptor-level regulation, negative feedback, cooperativity, and paracrine signaling. While hurdles still remain, it is clear that higher temporal and spatial resolution provide mechanistic insights into pathway circuitry. Exciting new algorithms and advanced computational tools enable quantitative measurements of single-cell ERK activation, which in turn inform better models of pathway behavior. However, the fact that current models still cannot fully recapitulate the diversity of ERK responses calls for a deeper understanding of network structure and signal transduction in general.
Learning the mechanobiology of development from gastruloids
Authors: Lenne Pierre-François , Tlili Sham
Published: December 2023

Gastruloids acquire their organization and shape through cell biochemical and mechanical activities. Such activities determine the physical forces and changes in material properties that transform simple spherical aggregates into organized tissues. In this Perspective, we discuss why the concepts and approaches of mechanobiology, a discipline that focuses on cell and tissue mechanics and its contribution to the organization and functions of living systems, are essential to the gastruloid field and, in turn, what gastruloids may teach us about mechanobiology.
Revisiting Dysarthria Treatment Across Languages: The Hybrid Approach
Authors: Levy Erika S. , Moya-Galé Gemma
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

Ten years after Miller and Lowit's (2014) groundbreaking book providing a cross-linguistic perspective on motor speech disorders, we ask where we are regarding dysarthria treatment across languages in two specific populations: adults with Parkinson's disease (PD) and children with cerebral palsy (CP).

Method:

In this commentary, we consider preliminary evidence for both language-independent and language-specific approaches to treatment and propose a hybrid approach to speech treatment across languages, centered on the individual with dysarthria who speaks any given language.

Conclusions:

Treatment research on individuals with dysarthria secondary to PD and CP is advancing, but several areas remain to be explored. Next steps are suggested for addressing the paucity and complexity of cross-linguistic speech treatment research.
Risk analysis of autonomous vehicle test scenarios using a novel analytic hierarchy process method
Authors: Zhang Shengpeng , Tak Taeoh
Published: December 2023

Scenario‐based test methods are employed to assess the safety and performance of autonomous vehicles. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method is a common assessment method for determining the criticality of test scenarios. However, the AHP method is subjective and less reproducible when performed by different persons, as the elements of pairwise comparison values that are directly linked to the outcome must be assigned by the person involved. This paper proposes a novel AHP method that automatically generates pairwise comparison values by optimizing the correlation between performance metrics and risk of test scenarios by simulation. Performance metrics are defined as the minimum relative distances and corresponding relative velocities between vehicles, and the risk of the test scenario is determined by the pairwise comparison values of AHP. The novel AHP method was evaluated using a cut‐in scenario. The results showed that the minimum relative distance and the risk determined by the novel AHP method achieved a better correlation coefficient of −0.96, which is better than the conventional AHP of −0.828 and Fuzzy AHP of −0.824. These results suggest that the criticality of the test scenarios determined by the novel AHP method can more accurately reflect real‐world driving environments.
Enhanced electrocaloric effect over a broad temperature range in lead‐free Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3‐based relaxor ferroelectrics via doping with Bi(Mg0.5Zr0.5)O3
Authors: Niu Xiang , Jiang Yuleng , Lai Junying , Liang Wei , Liu Huanwei , Jian Xiaodong , Zhao Xiaobo , Yao Yingbang , Liang Bo , Tao Tao , Lu Sheng‐Guo
Published: December 2023

With an increasing demand for environmentally friendly refrigeration, the solid‐state refrigeration based on the electrocaloric effect (ECE) has been drawn extensive attention. It is a challenge to maintain a large adiabatic temperature change (∆T) over a broad temperature span. Herein, the authors designed and synthesised (0.74‐x) Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3‐0.06BaTiO3‐0.2SrTiO3‐xBi(Mg0.5Zr0.5)O3 (abbreviated as NBT‐xBMZ) (x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 and 0.08) lead‐free relaxor ferroelectrics. Their microstructures, dielectric properties, ferroelectric properties, ECEs and the structure‐property relationships were investigated. Via doping with BMZ, an enhanced relaxor feature and a wider temperature range where multi‐phases coexist were achieved. The relaxor ferroelectric characteristics were illustrated using the Vogel‐Fulcher relation. The indirectly calculated ECE results showed that the optimal ΔT of 1.11 K was obtained for the x = 0.02 sample at 90°C and 70 kV/cm over a wide Tspan of 120°C, providing a potential ECE material. The direct ECE results procured using thermocouple indicated that the maximal ∆T of 2.14 K and ∆T/∆E of 0.31 K m/MV were achieved in the same sample at 70°C and 7 MV/m and the variation trend of ECE results was consistent with the indirect results. Moreover, the multi‐phases coexistent strategy can be extended to other materials system to generate a large ΔT over a wide temperature range.
Zoning of the Querétaro wine region
Authors: del Río María S. , Raventós Lluís , Garza Valentina
Published: December 2023

Understanding the unique characteristics of wine regions, especially those that are developing or expanding like Querétaro, requires a key element known as terroir. In this regard, we have conducted a survey of 69 vineyards in the state, covering a total area of 525 hectares. Additionally, we have studied the composition and texture of the soils, analysed rainfall patterns over a span of 23 years, examined the topography and watershed basins, and compared common climate indices with those of other regions in Europe and the USA, such as Winkler, Huglin, Grown Season Temperature, and Cold Indices. As a next step, we are calculating various vegetation indices, such NDVI, for multiple vineyards throughout the year 2022 to assess the adaptability and development of different grape varieties, and determine which ones thrive best in the soil and climate conditions of the region.
Decision support system for selecting the rootstock, irrigation regime and nitrogen fertilization in winemaking vineyards: WANUGRAPE4.0
Authors: Visconti F. , de la Fuente M. , Buesa I. , Escalona J.M. , Medrano H. , Miranda C. , Mirás Avalos J.M. , Palacios J. , Pérez-Pérez J.G. , Ramírez-Cuesta J.M. , Romero P. , Santesteban L.G. , Torres N. , Uriarte D. , Parra M. , Intrigliolo D.S.
Published: December 2023

We aim to develop and transfer to the wine sector a decision support system (DSS) in the frame of WANEGRAPE4.0 project that, integrated into a geographic information system, helps wine growers in i) selecting the most suitable rootstock given some agroecological conditions and oenological objectives; and ii) managing irrigation and nitrogen fertilization in the most suitable way for the selected rootstock and agroecological conditions. The following goals have been achieved. First, the modular structure and information flow of the DSS has been defined. Second, the main algorithms of the water balance module (DSS core part) have been formulated and the module coded in a spreadsheet. Third, this water balance module has been tested with data from field experiments in several regions of Spain. Fourth, the relationships between grapevine water status and production and harvest quality variables have been established, revealing an always-significant effects of the decrease in water stress on vegetative development, yield, and grape composition. Fifth, the nitrogen fertilizer effects on vine performance has been assessed. Sixth, the effects rootstocks have on 5 parameters of vine production and grape quality for winemaking have been established too by doing another meta-analysis of rootstock trials. Seventh, a rootstock selection module has been defined. The WANUGRAPE4.0 project goes on with the integration of all its modules, their coding in a World Wide Web language and their publication on an Internet portal.
The composting potential of the by-product marc resulting from the white and red winemaking process
Authors: Matei Petruta Mihaela , Iacomi Beatrice Michaela , Nieves Maria Belen Turrion , Alvarez Francisco Lafuente , Barbulescu Iuliana Diana , Teodorescu Razvan Ionut , Banita Daniel Cornel , Grosu Alexandru Cristian , Nitu Mihai
Published: December 2023

The production of an organic fertilizer was carried out, from waste generated in the winemaking process of white (Riesling Italian-RI) and red (Cabernet Sauvignon-CS) grapes obtained from the vineyard of Pietroasa (Romania). The potential of the biotransformation process of by-product marc in an open pile in the autumn-winter season was controlled and the thermophilic phase reached average values of 60 ºC at a neutral pH which gives it suitable characteristics to be used as a soil fertiliser. The values of the germination index (GI) of Lepidium sativum L. seeds, using water dilutions from the RI and CS compost marc, demonstrated that there was no degree of phytotoxicity (average GI 144.2% and 139.8%, respectively). The compost marc microflora was represented by bacterial and fungal isolates belonging to genera Rhizopus (10%), Aspergillus (80%), and Penicillium (17%), compared to by-product marc that only present fermentation yeasts. The structure of the microorganism populations in the compost marc dried by lyophilisation showed an almost double number of CFUg-1 compared to the oven-dried compost. The presence of potential antagonistic microorganisms and the high number of CFUg-1, demonstrated that this compost can have a suppressive effect on soil pathogens in addition to its quality as a fertilizer.
Polysaccharide content of extracts obtained from unfermented skins from red varieties
Authors: Curiel-Fernández María , Ayestarán Belén , Guadalupe Zenaida , Pérez-Magariño Silvia
Published: December 2023

Grape pomace is one of the main by-products generated by wine industry and contains several bioactive compounds such as polysaccharides. They are contained in the cell walls of the grape skins. The variety can be an important factor influencing the polysaccharide content of grapes. Actually, there is great interest in the revaluation of by-products and their incorporation into the production process. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the polysaccharide content of different extracts obtained from unfermented pomaces of different red grape varieties from Castilla y León. Eight different grape varieties were studied. The polysaccharides from grape pomace was obtained following a flash extraction process and the total polysaccharide content and the molecular weight distribution were estimated by High-Performance Size-Exclusion Chromatography with a Refractive Index Detector. Statistically significant differences were found in the content of total polysaccharides by grape variety varying between 112 and 200 mg/g. Only high and low molecular weight polysaccharide fractions were detected. All varietal extracts presented higher percentage of low molecular weight polysaccharides (50.8-64.3%) than of high molecular weight (35.7-49.2%).
From drain to the garden: Household material utilization in hair dye wastewater filtration scheme
Authors: Geng Xiaoguo
Published: December 2023

Wastewater from hair dyeing is a widespread problem, consistently causing detrimental effects on ecosystems and biodiversity. Effective solutions for wastewater treatment are needed to address environmental concerns. Herein, a filtration scheme is proposed to mitigate the impact of hair dyeing wastewater in collaboration with the rain garden concept. Research in this study focuses on two objectives: evaluating the filtration efficiency of seven commonly available household materials and assessing the performance of a composite filtration system comprising selected materials. The seven materials were subjected to various tests to evaluate their dye absorption efficiency, infiltration rate, water-holding capacity, dynamic lifespan, and dye retention capability. The materials were then ranked in accordance with the test results for developing optimized filtration systems. The optimization process reveals that the composite system consisting of sand, pet bedding, and landscape fabric/Zep exhibits promising filtration performance and can be effectively integrated with rain gardens. This research presents an innovative approach to enhance a closer connection between rain gardens and household applications. It contributes valuable insights into the development of efficient treatment methods for the reuse of hair dyeing wastewater and underscores the potential of rain gardens as a sustainable and practical solution.
The anti-degradation consequences of water repellent-based inhibitors for controlling mild steel corrosion in concrete composite
Authors: Roka Akash , Gautam Madhab , Giri Ajaya , Bhattarai Nootan Prasad , Bhattarai Jagadeesh
Published: December 2023

Synthetic water repellent (WRep) generally blocks the ingress of corrosive factors like moisture and various gases to the reinforced steel (RS) surface through the concrete pores. Mixing such WReps in the concrete mix did not affect the anti-corrosive response to the RS infrastructures. Considering such consequences, the present work explored the uses of two synthetic water repellents (e.g., WRep-A & WRep-B) and plant-derived green inhibitors to control the corrosion stability level of the RS in the concrete matrix. The broader question of the work is to know whether the water-repellent affects the anti-degradation response to the steel in concrete at the same patterns as commonly practiced in the concrete matrix or differently when the cast reinforced concretes exposed to water-repellent suspension for a certain curing time. The concrete slab exposed for one week to the suspension mixture of 1000 ppm WRep-B+Mangifera indica(WRep-B+MILE) and 1000 ppm WRep-B+Psidium guajava(WRep-B+PGLE) extracts exhibited maximum anti-corrosive response, which is justified by corrosion potential shifting to a more positive potential zone where the reinforced steel corrosion damage state rated as <10% probability and anticipated more effective corrosion inhibiting activities compared to other concentrations used in this work.
Optimizing solar energy utilization and energy efficiency through thermal energy storage with phase change materials in a solar water heating system
Authors: Madhavan V.M. , Rahul S. , Vijayakumar P. , Dhal P.K. , Girimurugan R. , Ravivarman G. , Joseph J.
Published: December 2023

Solar energy (SE) is non-polluting and sustainable. However, the strength of the sun’s rays shifts as the seasons change, the weather shifts, and the day and night cycles. It is possible to store energy as heat, which can then be used for a variety of applications in the future. The primary objective of this research was to extend the time that high water temperature (HWT) was maintained by using phase change materials (PCM) to reduce energy consumption. To test the efficacy of an FPSWHS using 18 % (63 kg) of PCM condensed paraffin wax of type RT42, an experimental rig was constructed. To further expand PCM surface area and speed up charging and discharging, 18 aluminium cylinders were employed. Given the varying weather patterns in the India, this research was also useful in settling on a suitable PCM for SWHS. At 60°C input temperature of water (Tin) and 0.11 kg.s-1 flow rate of mass in water (mw), including RT42 into a water-PCM storage tank reduced power consumption by as much as 5.75 kWh, for a total system energy consumption of 31.4 kWh. The results showed a 27 % drop in daily average carbon footprint and a 27 % increase in overall system efficiency.
Experimental study of minimum - temperature hydrated salt latent heat thermal energy storage with sodium acetate trihydrate as phase change materials
Authors: Manikandan R. , Gopalakrishnan K. , Ashokkumar P. , Maheskumar Pon. , Girimurugan R. , Ravivarman G. , Anand R.
Published: December 2023

There’s a lot of hope for phase change material (PCM) in applications like sustainable energy generation and retrieval of heat loss. Latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) systems containing hydrated salt (HS) at minimum-temperature have been the topic of much study, particularly with regards to their thermal behavior and charging-discharging properties. The PCM was prepared by adding sodium acetate trihydrate (SAT), a nucleation agent, and a thickness agent to the test tube. We monitored PCM’s temperature behavior and analyzed its thermal characteristics. Natural convection was the dominant way of heat transmission while the phase change material temperature was over the fusion threshold, whereas conduction was the dominant mode when liquid phase change material formed during the phase transition progression. Heat storage and release efficiency as a function of tube diameter and flow rate was analyzed. Internal stainless-steel fins and aluminium fins of varying thicknesses were added to the tube to increase heat transmission. The shape of the storing tube and fins was shown to have a significant impact on the heat transmission among the thermal fluid and the phase change material. Charging and discharging duration may be cut by 28 % and 25 %, respectively, because to the revised fins shape. Our findings from this study can serve as an experimental foundation for using the minimum-temperature hydrated salt LHTES system.
Predicting the strength characteristics of alkali activated concrete with environment friendly precursors using statistical methods
Authors: Ganta Mounika , Baskar Ramesh , Jyosyula Sri Kalyana Rama
Published: December 2023

Over the recent twenty years, utilization of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) has expanded dramatically, making it the world’s most mass-produced product. OPC manufacture is energy demanding, uses non-renewable naturally available resources, and is a major contributor to global warming (responsible for nearly 8 percent of global CO2 exhalations). A substitute to OPC concrete (OPCC) is Alkali Activated Concrete (AAC), in which precursors (raw materials) such as Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS), Fly Ash (FA) and other residues are activated with an activator solution. Statistical analysis is preferred for concrete related experiments incorporating a large number of samples and data in order to save time, money and work labour. The current work deals with developing statistical models for anticipating the compressive behaviour of AAC. Regression analysis is performed to determine the significant impact of variables on the compression behaviour and also to develop several linear regression models to predict the compressive strength of AAC at the age of 28 days. In the present work, collection of data base regarding mix proportions and mechanical properties of AAC is done through an extensive literature survey. This study identifies JASP as one of the most effective online tools for generating regression models.
Piezo-resistive Properties of Polymer based cement nano composites
Authors: AK Roopa , Hunashyal A.M. , Gudagi Fardeen A. , Mulla Mohammed Furquan
Published: December 2023

The nano technology has potential applications in development self-sensing smart materials. These nano materials is used in cement matrix or polymer base to improve the mechanical and piezo electrical properties of composites. In the present study, the graphene and carbon nano tube are added in matric, which acts as the conductive fibre into polymer cement composites. Cement based polymer composites are prepared by adding carbon fibre, epoxy resin, carbon nano tube and graphene as conductive filler in matrix to prepare the distinctive specimens for experimental investigations. The electro mechanical test are carried out to assess the piezo electrical properties of these composites subjected gradual increase of mechanical loading such as flexural and compression. The present study describes the self-sensing piezo-resistive capability of composite to monitor the strain in structures. The experimental test elucidates the addition of epoxy in cement matrix enhance the mechanical properties while carbon nano tube and graphene proves to be promising smart self-sensing materials in composites by measuring the variation in stress at critical regions. The SEM with EDX analysis shows that epoxy resin act as binding agent which hinder the cracks propagations and improves the mechanical properties of composites.
Analyzing Barriers to Metaverse Application In Smart Cities: A DEMATEL-Based Approach
Authors: Trivedi Ashish , Trivedi Vibha , Gharib Moaz
Published: December 2023

The concept of the metaverse has the potential to bring about revolutionary changes in several dimensions of smart cities, including the utilization of energy, supply chain, and operations. However, for it to become a reality, several inhibitors need to be analyzed and addressed. Hence, this study identifies the barriers to Metaverse applications in building smart cities and analyzes the causal relationships among them using the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) approach. The results obtained by analyzing the responses from fifteen domain experts reveal that the security and privacy concerns as well as the digital addiction of users are the most significant barriers to the metaverse applications.
Noise from mechanical ventilation systems in residential buildings
Authors: Abramkina Darya
Published: December 2023

Modern people spend up to 90% of their time indoors. Therefore, the research aimed to identify noise sources from engineering equipment, and developing recommendations for their elimination was an urgent scientific task. The paper considers the problem of noise pollution from mechanical ventilation systems in residential buildings. One of the most common errors in conducting acoustic calculations is the exclusion of noise generated by regulating devices, which significantly contribute to the final sound pressure levels at the outlet of the ventilation grate. The results of field studies are presented; they prove the need to normalize permissible noise levels in non-residential premises of an apartment and develop a legislative framework for measuring noise in hybrid ventilation systems. Practical recommendations for designing exhaust ventilation systems with a prefabricated vertical duct have been developed. It has been found that the replacement of throttle valves with iris diaphragms and the installation of silencers on prefabricated channels and apartment withdrawals, given the influence of the vortex zone from control devices, reduce the overall noise level from the ventilation system.
Guarantees and risks in the technical regulation of transport construction
Authors: Valiev Sherali , Vasiliev Yuri , Kochetkov Andrey , Chizhikov Ilya , Belozerov Yaroslav
Published: December 2023

As a result of the analysis of the methods of quantitative and qualitative assessment of the degree of risk, the theoretical and probabilistic approach of Professor V.V. Stolyarov was chosen to assess technical and environmental risk, based on the probabilistic nature of the parameters studied, in relation to road facilities.The allocation of risks within functional subsystems makes it possible to more accurately determine the ways of risk management in practice. As a characteristic of the degree of danger of a road section, the total risk is used as a complex indicator that can occur on this section under the combined influence of all road parameters simultaneously. Along with the discussion of the concepts of risk, the concept of guarantee is introduced. The concepts of guarantees and risks are introduced on the basis of a random variable distribution graph using the example of a normal distribution. In addition to the technical component of the risk, its economic component is also considered.
Localized growth distribution on the abdominal aortic aneurysm surface using deep learning approaches
Authors: Borisova Kseniia , Fedotova Yana , Karpenko Andrey , Mullyadzhanov Rustam
Published: December 2023

An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a dangerous pathology that needs regular monitoring based on medical images. Currently, only visual estimates of the growth rate and methods based on the assessment of changes in the maximum diameter of the aneurysm in clinical practice are used. However, the quantitative assessment of vessel wall growth rate based on deformable image registration is gaining popularity in research. This paper presents a study of the applicability of the neural network approach of image registration for the quantitative growth assessment problem. In this study, we analyzed classical and neural network methods of image registration and used VoxelMorph and HyperMorph neural network architectures to evaluate local AAA growth based on the available dataset. Also, we compared the results of the obtained maximum local deformations of the AAA with the method of estimating the change in the maximum diameter.
Comparative analysis of Euler models of multiphase flows in the ANSYS software for the problem of spraying raw materials in a heat-carrier gas flow in the furnace production of carbon black
Authors: Tarraf Daniel , Cherny Sergey
Published: December 2023

Carbon black (soot) is a product obtained by thermal decomposition (pyrolysis) of hydrocarbons (usually oil) in a heat-carrier gas flow. Carbon black is widely used as a reinforcing component in the production of rubbers and plastics. Tires use 70% of all carbon produced. It is produced in a furnace, by injecting raw hydrocarbon with nozzles into the stream of combustion products of natural gas (called heat-carrier gas), a spray jet is will be formed, accompanied by evaporation of raw materials, and pyrolysis in the end. It is important that the raw material is completely evaporated before pyrolysis begins, otherwise coke will form, contaminating the product. To improve the technology of carbon production, in particular, to ensure the complete evaporation of raw materials before the start of pyrolysis, it is impossible to do without mathematical modeling of the process itself. It is the most important way to obtain the most complete and detailed information about the features of the reactor. Such phenomena are usually modeled using multiphase flows.
Experimental determination of the cooling efficiency of a high-temperature surface by a pneumatic nozzle
Authors: Demidov Andrey Sergeevich , Zakharenkov Alexander Valentinovich , Komov Alexander Timofeevich , Dedov Alexey Victorovich
Published: December 2023

The cooling of surfaces that perceive high heat fluxes (more than 7 MW/m2) at the current pace of development of the energy sector will become one of the main problems of the near future. In this paper, as one of the options for effective cooling of high-temperature surfaces of various geometries, the results of an experimental study of the cooling process by a spray flow directed perpendicular to the cooled surface are presented. Two different types of nozzles are used for cooling. Water consumption varied in the range (8.3÷25.0)∙10−3kg/s, air consumption in the range (0.3÷1.1)∙10−3kg/s. The maximum value of the density of the removed heat flux for one of the nozzles is 11.3 MW/m2at a water flow rate 25.0∙10−3kg/s, the average value of the heat transfer coefficient during spray cooling was about 100 kW/m2K.
Electroplasma devices for processing and obtaining powder materials
Authors: Domarov P.V. , Anshakov A.S. , Aliferov A.I. , Faleev V.A.
Published: December 2023

The results of studies and their discussion on the design features of electric arc plasma devices for the production and processing of powders for various technological purposes are presented. They are based on arc jet plasma torches and plasma-chemical reactors for obtaining target products. The effectiveness of constructive solutions for electroplasma devices is determined by a set of parameters that meet the requirements of operation.
Combustion of pulverized coal fuel in a spray vortex burner
Authors: Sadkin Ivan , Shadrin Eugeny , Kopyev Evgeny , Mukhina Maria
Published: December 2023

The process of combined combustion of pulverized coal and liquid hydrocarbon fuels has been studied. A vortex oil-steam burner was developed and modernized, and it was adapted to experiments on combustion in a closed combustion chamber of a low-power household hot-water boiler. The heat release and gas composition were measured during the co-combustion of pulverized coal and liquid hydrocarbon fuels with the supply of superheated steam to the combustion chamber. It is shown that the combustion method under study is characterized by high combustion efficiency and low levels of harmful emissions.
Influence of heater size on critical heat flux in flat microchannels with intense localized heating
Authors: Pukhovoy Maxim V. , Belosludtsev Valentin V. , Zaitsev Dmitry V.
Published: December 2023

Experiments were carried out on flow boiling in mini- and micro- channels under local heating for different heater size. It was found that with an increase in the channel height in the range of 0.2–3.7 mm, the intensity of heat transfer and the critical heat flux increase significantly. For a given flow rate and channel height, the critical heat flux on the 3x3 mm2 heater exceeds the heat flux on the 10x10 mm2 heater, and the difference increases with increasing channel height. Boiling curves were also obtained.
Verification of polynomial chaos surrogates in the framework of structural vibrations with uncertainties
Authors: Serra Quentin , Florentin Eric
Published: December 2023

Surface response models, such as polynomial chaos Expansion, are commonly used to deal with the case of uncertain input parameters. Such models are only surrogates, so it is necessary to develop tools to assess the level of error between the reference solution (unknown in general), and the value provided by the surrogate. This is called a posteriori model verification. In most works, people usually search for the mean quadratic error between the reference problem and the surrogate. They use statistical approaches such as resampling or cross-fold validation, residual based approaches, or properties of the surrogate such as variance decay. Here, we propose a new approach for the specific framework of structural vibrations. Our proposition consists of a residual-based approach combined with a polynomial chaos expansion to evaluate the error as a full random variable, not only its mean square. We propose different variants for evaluating the error. Simple polynomial interpolation gives good results, but introducing a modal basis makes it possible to obtain the error with good accuracy and very low cost.
CT scan, EBSD and nanoindentation analysis of 3D-printed parts with post-process heat-treatment
Authors: Tseng Ming-Lang , Aslam Muhammad I. , Ismail Emad A.A. , Awwad Fuad A. , Gorji Nima E.
Published: December 2023

Heat treatment is vital for improving the characteristics of Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) components. The technique has the potential to change the microstructure of the material as well as its mechanical properties, such as yield strength, hardness, and ultimate tensile strength. To avoid undesirable impacts on the microstructure, temperature, heating, and cooling rates must be precisely controlled. Several parts were printed using LPBF from Steel 316L powder and went through post-process heating. The CT scan analysis revealed that heating the 3D printed parts for 40 min at 900 °C and 950 °C increased the porosity level across the parts although the porosity then decreased after 950 °C. From 850 °C to 1050 °C, EBSD analysis resulted in inverted pole figure maps demonstrating a relative increase in grain size. ImageJ software was used to determine the actual grain size and phase, revealing a grain size growth. Furthermore, as heat treatment temperatures increased, the ferrite phase enlarged. The cellular structure and high temperatures had a major impact on mechanical characteristics. Hardness test findings revealed a decreased mechanical characteristic as heat treatment temperature rose represented by increased porosity population and grain size. To increase the mechanical properties of these materials, an effective strategy is to achieve an even distribution of micro grains while limiting the porosity population.
Association Between VEGF-460C/T Gene Polymorphism and Risk of
Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A
Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cheng Bo , Wu Aimin , Zhou Xuewei
Published: December 2023

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between
VEGF-460C/T polymorphism and susceptibility to diabetic retinopathy (DR)
in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by meta-analysis. A comprehensive search was
conducted across six databases until September 2023 to identify studies
examining the association between VEGF-460C/T polymorphism and
susceptibility to DR. Data process was performed by Stata 15.0 software. Eight
studies were included, involving 1463 patients with DR. In the overall analysis,
the difference was statistically significant only in the homozygous model (CC
vs. TT: OR=1.86, p=0.048). A subgroup analysis of 6 papers with
genotype frequency satisfying HWE in the control group indicated significant
differences among the allele (C vs. T: OR=1.34, p=0.037),
recessive (CC vs. CT+TT: OR=1.96, p=0.022) and
homozygous (CC vs. TT: OR=2.28, p=0.015) models. However, in the
dominant and heterozygous models, the difference was not statistically
significant. The sensitivity of the HWE-based subgroup analysis showed that the
conclusions in other gene models except the heterozygote model were not robust.
This meta-analysis indicated that VEGF-460C/T gene polymorphism is
associated with susceptibility to DR in T2DM. Allele C and genotype CC at the
VEGF-460C/T locus are associated with an increased risk of DR in T2DM.
However, considering that the results are not robust, more trials involving more
rigorous design are needed to verify the findings of this review in the
future.
Tratamento cirúrgico do joanete do alfaiate por técnica percutânea: Um estudo comparativo
Authors: Lara Luiz Carlos Ribeiro , Lancia Lara Furtado , Santos Diego Vitor Braga , Carvalho Matheus Maciel Dornelles de , Lima Frederico Pinheiro de , Arruda João Lucas Gonçalves
Published: December 2023

Objetivos Analisar e comparar os resultados clínicos e radiográficos da correção do joanete do alfaiate, utilizando-se duas técnicas cirúrgicas percutâneas, técnica de osteotomia oblíqua de Sponsel e osteotomia em cunha medial da metáfise distal. Os resultados foram avaliados individualmente e comparativamente através do Lesser Metatarsophalangeal-Interphalangeal Scale da American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS), Escala Visual Analógica de Dor (VAS) e radiograficamente, analisando-se os ângulos: ângulo intermetatársico IV-V (AIM4–5) e ângulo metatarsofalangico do 5° raio (AMF-5).

Métodos Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo no período de maio de 2011 a fevereiro de 2022. Foram operados 32 pés, destes, em 12 pés foram utilizadas a técnica de Sponsel e em 20 pés a osteotomia em cunha medial da metáfise distal do 5° metatársico.

Resultados Ambas as técnicas cirúrgicas empregadas mostraram melhora significativa na correção dos ângulos AIM4–5 e AMF-5 (p < 0,001), todavia, não observamos significância estatística comparando-se as técnicas. Já em relação ao AOFAS e VAS, ambas as técnicas apresentaram resultados satisfatórios. Porém, a osteotomia em cunha apresentou resultados significativamente melhores quando comparados a técnica de Sponsel (p < 0,001).

Conclusões Ambas as técnicas percutâneas utilizadas para correção do joanete do alfaiate conferiram melhora significativa das angulações radiográficas e dos scores avaliados, com baixo índice de complicações, mostrando-se boas opções para tratamento desta patologia. Quando comparadas, a osteotomia em cunha medial parece conferir melhores resultados dos parâmetros clínicos analisados.
Bridging the Information Gap in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Narrative Review with Systematic Approach
Authors: Tay Chau Thien , Williams Fleur , Mousa Aya , Teede Helena , Burgert Tania S.
Published: December 2023

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrinopathy with wide-ranging implications for affected individuals. Literature has shown that patients with PCOS are dissatisfied with the health information provided to them and that healthcare professionals lack adequate knowledge. In this narrative review with systematic approach, we explored the unmet information needs in PCOS care for both patients and healthcare professionals. A comprehensive search of databases yielded 41 relevant studies, predominantly of observational and qualitative design. Adults and adolescents with PCOS desire wide ranging health information and express a keen desire for weight management guidance. Importantly, discussions surrounding weight should be addressed knowledgeably and without weight bias. Therefore, healthcare professionals should facilitate access to comprehensive evidence-based resources. Lack of information drives PCOS-related online searches. Referral to support groups that promote individual agency in the self-management aspects of PCOS can furthermore guide patient resource acquisition. Patients prefer guidance from professionals that understand the psychosocial complexity of PCOS and can empathize with experiences of stigmatization or even marginalization depending on the cultural context of the individual. The findings informed the 2023 International Evidence-Based PCOS Guideline, recommending patient-centered communication, evidence-based information resources, and culturally sensitive approaches to optimize PCOS care.