bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Causal Relationship between Alzheimer's disease and Intracerebral hemorrhage: a two-way Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Wang Hanli , Che Yannan , Gao Jianhua , Huang Yusi , Zeng Linsheng , Liao Xianyong , Zeng Zhongyi , Wen Lingling , Liu Yuxiang , Mo Zhizhun
Published: February 2024

The relationship between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the risk of Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is still debatable. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential causal relationship between them. This study was conducted in a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design using summary statistics from an independent genome-wide association study (GWAS). The selected exposure factor was AD. And different genetic predispositions for AD were categorized into two subgroups. The outcome was ICH. the main analytical tool used was the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method, supplemented by sensitivity analyses. The findings suggest a positive association between AD and ICH. The level of genetic prediction of AD was consistently positively correlated with ICH, as evidenced by IVW (odds ratio [OR] = 1.33E + 12; P < 0.01). These associations were further supported by the results of all sensitivity analyses. In addition, Illnesses of mother: Alzheimer's disease/dementia was associated with ICH (IVW: OR = 5.947; P < 0.05). AD and ICH have a unidirectional causal relationship, and illnesses of mother is a major factor with ICH, whereas Alzheimer's disease or a family history of Alzheimer's disease is not.
Multivariate Time Series Analysis Using Heart Disease Patent in Tamilnadu
Authors: Poyyamozhi S , Mohideen A Kachi
Published: February 2024

This study looked into the incidence of heart disease in Tamilnadu between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2020. Heart disease cases have been found to be positively correlated with one another. The Granger causality tests used in the Breusch-Godfrey LM approach for testing, residual serial auto correlation assumes a VAR model for the error vector _t, while the contrary was not true. can be determined using common model selection criteria such as the Final Prediction Error, Hannan-Quinn Information Criterion, Schwarz Information Criterion, and Akaike Information Criterion (FPE) time series plots, the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test, the Philip Perrons (PP) test, and the Kwiatkowski-Phillip-Schmidt-Shin test, determine the series' stationarity (KPSS) test. For both the ADF test and the PP test. The OLS-CUSUM test for stability.
Investigating Gene Expression Datasets of Hippocampus Tissue to Discover Alzheimer's Disease-Associated Molecular Markers
Authors: Prabha Sneh , Sajad Mohd , Hassan Md. Imtaiyaz , Thakur Sonu Chand
Published: February 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an advancing neurodegenerative disorder distinguished by the formation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the human brain. Nevertheless, the current lack of peripheral biomarkers that can detect the development of AD remains a significant limitation. The main aim of this work was to discover the molecular markers associated with AD. We conducted a comprehensive microarray analysis of gene expression data from Hippocampus tissue in AD patients and control samples using three microarray datasets (GSE1297, GSE28146, and GSE29378) collected from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The datasets were pre-processed and normalized revealing 346 significant genes, 103 of which were upregulated and 243 downregulated. The PPI network of significant genes was constructed to detect the top 50 hub genes, which were then further analyzed using GO terms, KEGG pathway, and GSEA, revealing 47 key genes involved in AD-related pathways. The interaction of AD-associated TFs HNF4A, SPI1, EGR1, STAT3 and MYC and miRNAs hsa-miR-155-5p; hsa-miR-16-5p in the transcriptional and post-transcriptional event of 3 upregulated and 10 downregulated genes: H2AFZ, MCM3, MYO1C, AXIN1, CCND1, ETS2, MYH9, RELA, RHEB, SOCS3, TBL1X, TBP, TXNIP, and YWHAZ, respectively, has been identified. The miRNA/TF-mediated three types of the feed-forward loop (FFL) motifs i.e., miRNA-FFL, TF-FFL, and Composite-FFL were constructed and seven common genes among these FFL were listed: CCND1, MYH9, SOCS3, RHEB, MYO1C, TXNIP, AXIN1, and TXNIP. These findings may provide insights into the development of potential molecular markers for therapeutic management of AD.
Serial Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Rate of Ventricular Blood Clearance in Patients with Intraventricular Hemorrhage
Authors: Vyas Vedang , Savitz Sean I , Boren Seth B , Becerril-Gaitan Andrea , Hasan Khader M , Suchting Robert , deDios Constanza , Solberg Spencer , Chen Ching-Jen , Brown Robert J , Sitton Clark W , Grotta James , Aronowski Jaroslaw , Gonzalas Nicole R , Haque Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Background: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), a predictor of a poor prognosis and high mortality, typically requires external ventricular drains (EVD). However, there is no method to measure the rate of ventricular blood clearance. Blood in the ventricles increases cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) viscosity and decreases the diffusion coefficient. We hypothesize that change in DTI metrics, fractional anisotropy (FA), and mean diffusivity (MD), can be used as a marker for ventricular blood clearance.
Method: 26 ICH patients with IVH were imaged on an MRI at 1, 14, 28, and 42 days. Ventricular blood volume (VBV), FA, and MD were calculated. Contralateral ventricular CSF served as control. Clinical assessment (NIHSS), and baseline Glasgow coma score (GCS) were associated with FA, MD, and VBV. Generalized linear mixed models assessed changes.
Results: Average hematoma volume (HV) and NIHSS at day 1 was 14.6±16.7 cc and 16±8. HV and VBV resolution rates per day were 2.1% and 1.3%, respectively. Ipsilesional ventricular FA (vFA) significantly decreased (0.24 to 0.15, 1.3% per day, PP>99%), and MD increased (MD=1540*10-6 to 2516*10-6mm2/sec, 1.5% per day, PP>99%) over 6 weeks. Patients with EVD exhibited a faster decline in ipsilesional vFA (1.5% vs. 1.1% per day) and an increase in MD (1.8% vs. 1.5% per day) compared with non-EVD patients. Ipsilesional vFA associated with VBV; a 1.00 cc increase of blood resulted in a 5.2% decrease in ventricular CSF diffusion coefficient. VBV was strongly associated with NIHSS (PP= 97-99%). A larger drained CSF volume was associated with a greater decrease (PP=83.4%) in FA; a smaller drained volume showed greater increases (PP=94.8%) in MD. Slower restoration of vFA and MD suggests obstruction.
Conclusion: We developed a non-invasive marker that shows ventricular FA and MD are strongly associated with HV, VBV, and can be used to quantify the rate of ventricular blood clearance.
Simple Formulation of Spatial Weights Matrix in 3D Lattice Space: Unravelling Regional Interlinkages Beyond the Flat Surface
Authors: Fitrianto Gigih
Published: February 2024

A rigorous spatial weights matrix (W) is essential for unraveling neighboring linkages between spatial units. Precedent research only focused on how to construct a two-dimensional space by imposing a fundamental assumption that linkages between flat areas and areas with higher variance of elevation are the same.
This study presents a comprehensive yet simple formulation to construct a spatial W matrix in three-dimensional space. Central to this approach is the innovative use of the Kronecker product in combination with shift matrices, which incorporating altitude dimension into the spatial W matrix formulation. This comprehensive framework benefit to captures the complexity of different spatial interactions in topographically diverse environments.
Identification of proinflammatory pathways and promising bioactive polyphenols for the treatment of sickle cell anemia by in silico study and network pharmacology
Authors: Pérez Lila Rosa Maturana , Lázaro Johana Márquez , Puentes Neyder Contreras , Amador Antístio Álvis , Marrugo-Padilla Albeiro
Published: February 2024

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is an autosomal recessive Mendelian trait characterized by symptoms that include acute and chronic pain, chest syndrome, pulmonary hypertension, stroke, kidney disease, and vaso-occlusive crises (VOCs), all of which worsen with age; VOCs are the leading cause of hospitalization and premature death in SCA patients. Currently, despite the existence of treatments for SCA, the negative consequences of VOCs’ chronic inflammatory state demand the exploration of alternative methods of control. For this reason, the goal of this research was to find novel pathways and promising bioactive polyphenols for the treatment of SCA using a combination of network pharmacology and in silico approaches; due to polyphenols, they have shown widely reported anti-inflammatory properties. Initially, hub genes associated with inflammatory processes in SCA were identified by extracting differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from a publicly available GEO dataset (GSE53441), followed by their validation through system biology analysis, Polyphenols with anti-inflammatory activity were selected from natural product databases; finally, molecular docking and dynamics were performed with the polyphenols and the key protein derived from the selected hub genes. As a result, 10 genes associated with the Type I interferon (IFN-I) pathway in SCA were identified (MX1, FIT1, IFIT3, STAT1, ISG15, GBP1, OAS1, OAS2, OAS3, and RSAD); among them, STAT1 was selected as a central hub gene by regulating the expression of the rest. Docking and dynamics studies showed good binding energies among STAT1 and the fifteen polyphenolic extracted compounds, with quercetin, diosmetin, and fisetin showing the lowest binding energies. Identified flavonoids have been described in the past as compounds having anti-inflammatory and antioxidant features, as well as possible alternatives for SCA treatment.
Multi Objective Task Scheduling VM Placement Method in Cloud Computing Environment Using Resource Optimization Technique
Authors: RAMEGOWDA ASHALATHA
Published: February 2024

The single-tenant-based applications consume high bandwidth and energy for each client. The multi-tenancy process adopts Software as a Service (SaaS) capability that allows a single model executing the service provider's platform to be accessed by numerous clients simultaneously. The virtual machine-based optimization method is required in the cloud computing domain as a dynamic resource scheduling method situated on unanticipated workloads. The multi-tenancy method provides the access to hardware and computing resources using the Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) model. This article proposes the Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO) method in a multi-tenant environment. The paper defines virtual machine placement, allowing cloud providers to provide powerful resource utilization capabilities.
How thyroid surgery has changed in the last 25 years ?
Authors: Wojtczak Beata , Sępek Monika , Sutkowski Krzysztof , Marciniak Dominiki , Kaliszewski Krzysztof
Published: February 2024

In the last 25 years, there have been significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disorders, and new technologies are being implemented. The aim of this study was to analyze 25 years of experience in thyroid surgery in high volume endocrine center in terms of demographic changes, indications for surgical treatment, the type of thyroid surgery and complications.
Methods:clinical material from the years 1996-2020 was analyzed ( 3748 patients, 7285 RLN at risk of injury). Two periods: I ( 1996-2003) vs. II (2011-2015 and 2018-2020) were compered.
Results: The percentage of patients operated on for thyroid cancer increased (p <0.00001); the extent of thyroid surgery changed statistically significant (p<0.00001). The increase in the extent of surgery did not affect the percentage of recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (p = 0.1785), it did affect the percentage of transient RLN palsy in group II vs. group I (0.41% vs. 1.34%, p<0.00001), while the percentage of permanent RLN palsy in group I was statistically significantly higher than in group II (4.77% vs. 3.05%, p=0.0016). An increase in the percentage of postoperative clinical hypoparathyroidism in group II was observed (p<0.00001).
Conclusions: Over 25 years, there has been a significant increase in the number of surgeries performed for thyroid cancer. The range of surgeries from partial resections to total excision of the thyroid gland has changed, and the increased range of surgeries did not have a statistically significant effect on the number of vocal fold paralysis, but increased the percentage of hypoparathyroidism.
Performing an early (within 10 week) esophagogram and endoscopic dilatation after surgical correction of Type III esophageal atresia
Authors: Pai Nitin G , Sengar Mamta , Gupta Chhabi Ranu , Khan Niyaz Ahmed , Mohta Anup
Published: February 2024

Aim: Esophageal atresia (EA) is complicated by a high incidence of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and anastomotic stricture. Active management in the form of early esophagoscopy at two months may aid in reducing mortality and long-term morbidity in these patients.
Methods: Neonates undergoing primary anastomosis for type C esophageal atresia were prospectively enrolled and followed up in the study. Contrast esophagography and esophagoscopy were performed at one to two months of age to diagnose GER and esophageal stricture early.
Results: Among the 64 patients presenting with esophageal atresia, 57 underwent primary esophageal anastomosis at the neonatal age. Thirty-two neonates survived out of the 50 who had follow-up for at least 270 days were included. Anastomotic stricture was seen in 11 out of 32 (34%) infants. Ten of these could be dilated, requiring 1-7 (median 2) dilatations, and one needed surgical resection and redo-anastomosis.
Conclusion: Aggressive diagnosis, management of anastomotic stricture by early esophagoscopy is required to avert long-term issues in survivors of esophageal atresia.
Identification of emergencies in the telephone queue and routing to a fast track (FAST): study protocol for a prospective, two-armed cohort study
Authors: Eichler Sarah , Herrmann Tobias , Weidlich-Wichmann Uta , Vissiennon Kodjo , Pollmann Thorsten , Weller Lisa , Pommerenke Christopher , Kroll Lars , Alix Nicolas , Dietsch Tanja , von Stillfried Dominik , Carnarius Sebastian
Published: February 2024

Background: In Germany, the telephone patient service 116117 for callers with non-life-threatening health issues is available 24/7. Based on structured initial assessment, urgency and placement of suitable medical care offer have been offered since 2020. The service has been in increasing demand for several years: Depending on time and residence, this can result in longer waiting times.
Methods: Prospective, two-armed cohort study with two intervention groups and one control group, alternating between blinding and unblinding for employees of 116117 regarding prioritization status. Two interventions based on automated voice dialogues (1: Simple self-rating tool, 2: Automated brief query of emergency symptoms). In case of high level of urgency, callers are prioritized. Validation of urgency and need for care is carried out routinely based on structured initial assessment.
Discussion: By creating and providing a largely reproducible documentation of the implemented solutions for a waiting queue management, the developed approach would be available for comparable projects in the German health care system or in the European context. This potentially leads to a reduction in the use of resources in the development of comparable technical solutions based on automated voice dialogs.
Trial registration: DRKS00031235, registered on 10th November 2023, https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00031235
Solid-state NMR assignment of α-synuclein polymorph prepared from helical intermediate
Authors: Ahlawat Sahil , Mehra Surabhi , Gowda Chandrakala , Maji Samir K , Agarwal Vipin
Published: February 2024

Synucleinopathies are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the accumulation of α-synuclein protein aggregates in the neurons and glial cells. Both in vivo and in vitro α-synuclein fibrils tend to show polymorphism. Polymorphism results in structure variations among fibrils originating from a single polypeptide/protein. The polymorphs usually have different biophysical, biochemical and pathogenic properties. The various pathologies of a single disease might be associated with distinct polymorphs. Similarly, in the case of different synucleinopathies, each condition might be associated with a different polymorph. Fibril formation is a nucleation-dependent process involving the formation of transient and heterogeneous intermediates from monomers. Polymorphs are believed to arise from heterogeneous oligomer populations because of distinct selection mechanisms in different conditions. To test this hypothesis, we isolated and incubated different intermediates during in vitro fibrillization of α-synuclein to form different polymorphs. Here, we report 13C and 15N chemical shifts and the secondary structure of fibrils prepared from the helical intermediate using solid-state nuclear magnetic spectroscopy.
Design and characterization of a silicon MEMS microvalve for proportional flow control based on electrostatic bending actuators
Authors: Jongmanns Marcel , Kaiser Bert , Ruffert Christine , Langa Sergiu
Published: February 2024

We designed a MEMS microvalve based on the nanoscopic electrostatic drive (NED) technology [1]. NED actuators, electrostatically controlled bending beams, are implemented in a clamped-clamped configuration. A normally open plunger valve was designed and characterized. The device is manufactured from silicon. Gas flow rates of up to 37 SCCM can be proportionally controlled between 10% and 100%. A 10% leakage is always present at low backpressures (< 10 kPa) and increases to roughly 20% at 75 kPa backpressure. The structure has been tested up to backpressures of 300 kPa without damage to the structures, but the leakage increases to over 95%. Our unprecedented micro valve concept shows that it is possible to manufacture all-silicon MEMS microvalves with proportional control of the flow rate. The presented work is a proof of concept to test the capabilities of the NED technology for the use in microvalves. There are plans to decrease the leakage in future designs by introducing an additional sealing layer as well as manufacturing a shutter instead of a plunger design.
Enhancıng Healthcare Data Securıty In Fog Computıng: A Deep Spectral Gated Recurrent Neural Network-Based Intrusıon Detectıon System Approach
Authors: B Dhiyanesh , A Asha , G Kıruthıga , R Radha
Published: February 2024

Cloud computing, which uses a centralized data-sharing model, allows sharing of confidential information. Fog computing (FC) extends cloud computing services to provide an intensive layer in an integrated healthcare environment. Quality service dependencies require more latency by taking advantage of feature optimization. Due to legacy integrity problems, confidential management services are affected by security issues. Healthcare management with cloud-based support is often an effective mechanism for managing healthcare data. However, cyber security poses severe problems for healthcare data because attackers create malicious signatures to create security breaches. Increasing demand for services does not protect information from attacker intrusion. Most systems fail to analyze the behavioral features of intrusion data in network logs, leading to detection failures. To resolve this problem, we propose implementing a Deep Spectral Gated Recurrent Neural Network (DSGRNN)--based Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to determine the intrusion and improve detection accuracy. Initially, data normalization is carried out to pre-process Darknet-IDS data. Transmission Flow Defect Rate (TFDR) and Interference Defect Behaviour Rate Analysis (IDBRA) are used to identify feature margins. Adaptive spider ant colony optimization is applied to reduce the feature dimension, and detection is achieved using DSGRNN to detect the IDS. This proposed system produces high performance and identifies behavioral logs from the dark net dataset to improve classification accuracy. This improves the precision-recall rate (F-measure) and IDS identity. This provides high performance compared to other systems to ensure security based on detection accuracy of potential threats.
On the difference between atom-bond sum-connectivity index and Randić index of binary trees and chemical trees
Authors: Kannan Aarthi , Elumalai Suresh , Mondal Sourav , Balachandran Selvaraj
Published: February 2024

Topological indices are numerical graph invariants generated from molecular graphs of chemicals to explain their structural properties. The atom-bond sum-connectivity (ABS) index and Randić (R) index are among the widespread graph invariants. The central theme of this work is the difference between these two indices, which is formulated for a graph G as ABS(G)-R(G)=\sum\limits_{fg\in E(G)} \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{d_fd_g(d_f+d_g)}} \left(\sqrt{d_fd_g(d_f+d_g-2)}-\sqrt{d_f+d_g}\right), where df stands for the degree of the vertex f in graph G. The primary objective of the article is to identify extremals over the set of all binary trees and chemical trees for ABS(G)-R(G). Furthermore, we aim to examine the significance of ABS(G)-R(G) in the structure-property modelling of molecules.
Music reward sensitivity is associated with greater information transfer capacity within dorsal and motor white matter networks in musicians
Authors: Matthews Tomas , Lumaca Massimo , Witek Maria A.G. , Penhune Virginia B. , Vuust Peter
Published: February 2024

There are pronounced differences in the degree to which individuals experience music-induced pleasure which are linked to variations in structural connectivity between auditory and reward areas. However, previous studies exploring the link between white matter structure and music reward sensitivity (MRS) have relied on standard diffusion tensor imaging methods, which present challenges in terms of anatomical accuracy and interpretability. Further, the link between MRS and connectivity in regions outside of auditory-reward networks, as well as the role of musical training, have yet to be investigated. Therefore, we investigated the relation between MRS and structural connectivity in a large number of directly segmented and anatomically verified white matter tracts in musicians (n = 24) and non-musicians (n = 23) using state-of-the-art tract reconstruction and fixel-based analysis. Using a manual tract-of-interest approach, we additionally tested MRS-white matter associations in auditory-reward networks seen in previous studies. Within the musician group, there was a significant positive relation between MRS and fiber density and cross section in the right middle longitudinal fascicle connecting auditory and inferior parietal cortices. There were also positive relations between MRS and fiber-bundle cross-section in tracts connecting the left thalamus to the ventral precentral gyrus and connecting the right thalamus to the right supplementary motor area, however, these did not survive FDR correction. Tract-of-interest analyses did not reveal an association between MRS and auditory-reward connectivity. These results suggest that, within musicians, dorsal auditory and motor networks are crucial to MRS, possibly via their roles in top-down predictive processing and auditory-motor transformations.
Urinary bladder cancer treatment by artemisinin and its combination with cisplatin exhibit a potent anti-cancer effect in male albino mice
Authors: Botrous Silvia , Elmaghraby Ayaat , ElAchy Samar , Mustafa Yehia , Abdel-Rahman Salah
Published: February 2024

Urinary bladder cancer is the 10th most common cancer type worldwide. Where, about 600.000 people are diagnosed with bladder cancer globally and more than 200.000 people die from this disease every year. So, the aim of this study is to investigate and examine the efficiency of artemisinin as cancer treatment alone and in combination with cisplatin on urinary bladder cancer induced by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN) in male albino mice. Biochemical analysis (creatinine and urea functions), hematological markers (HB, PLT, RBCs and WBCs counts), histopathological examinations (kidney and bladder tissues), and gene expression levels of oncogenes (FGFR3 and HRAS) and tumor suppressor genes (P53 and KDM6A) were studied in the urinary bladder cancer bearing-mice. The results demonstrated that creatinine, urea, HB, PLT, RBC and WBC were significantly improved after treatment with artemisinin individually and in combination with cisplatin. In kidney tissues, artemisinin combined with cisplatin significantly decreased renal damage caused by cisplatin. While in bladder tissues, artemisinin displayed a significant anti-cancer effect on mice urinary bladder cancer, and this efficiency could be increased by combination with cisplatin. In this study, the results also demonstrated that FGFR3 and HRAS genes expression levels showed down-regulating, while, P53 and KDM6A genes expression levels were up-regulating as a result of artemisinin treatment in mice urinary bladder cancer. We can declare that artemisinin exhibits a significant anticancer effect on urinary bladder cancer, and this value can be upgraded by combination with cisplatin.
Distribution and roles of chemical components in the phellem cell walls of Cerasus jamasakura (Siebold ex Koidz.) H. Ohba
Authors: Saito Hayato , Nakai Takahisa , Toba Keisuke , Kanbayashi Toru
Published: February 2024

Bark, the outermost tissue covering the stem, plays an important role in protecting trees from damage induced by living organisms and the surrounding environment. Bark differs from the xylem mainly by the presence of suberin in phellem cell walls. However, to date few studies have examined the role of suberin and its interactions with other chemical components in the phellem. Consequently, this study aimed to understand the distribution of chemical components, including suberin and lignin, and their respective roles in phellem cell walls, using Cerasus jamasakura (Siebold ex Koidz.) H. Ohba. Suberin and lignin were selectively removed from thin strip specimens that were intermittently collected from the branches of a living tree. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy suggested that desuberinization sufficiently removed both suberin and other matrix substances within a few minutes of treatment, whereas delignification exclusively removed lignin. Further microscopic observation revealed that the most suberin present was distributed in the secondary wall of phellem cells, whereas lignin was present in both the tertiary wall and compound middle lamella. In addition, the cell wall collapse of the phellem was only found in desuberinized specimens, whereas delignified specimens only showed monotonic contraction. Taken together, these results suggest that the presence of suberin in the phellem contributes to the shape stability of phellem cell walls.
Whole-Exome sequencing reveals Kawasaki disease susceptibility genes and their association with coronary artery lesion
Authors: Wang Yazhou , Chen Xuepeng , Zhang Dufei , Chen Renwei , Alifu Ailixiati
Published: February 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to explore Kawasaki disease (KD) susceptibility genes and their complications like coronary artery lesions (CAL) using whole exome sequencing (WES).
Methods: Between April 1, 2021, and December 31, 2022, our study included 55 pediatric patients diagnosed KD at our center, alongside a cohort of healthy children who sought medical care at our institution during the same timeframe. We extracted peripheral blood DNA from all participants and employed the advanced high-throughput Illumina Next-Generation Sequencing technology for comprehensive analysis. Through bioinformatics evaluation, we identified potential susceptibility genes. Moreover, from the 55 KD patients, we selected 15 for the CAL group and 40 for the non-CAL group. We aimed to investigate whether there were significant differences in the allele frequencies of the targeted susceptibility genes between these subgroups, to explore the risk alleles associated with the development of CAL in KD.
Results: HLA-DRB1 rs17882084 and IL6ST rs781455079 genotypes and alleles differed significantly between KD and non-KD (P<0.05). No differences existed for IL17RC rs143781415 and VEGFB rs776229557 (P>0.05). No differences in HLA-DRB1 rs17882084, IL6ST rs781455079, and VEGFB rs776229557 genotypes existed between CAL and non-CAL groups (P>0.05). However, the IL17RC rs143781415 genotype differed significantly between them (P<0.05).
Conclusions: HLA-DRB1 rs17882084 and IL6ST rs781455079 genotypes may be potential KD susceptibility gene candidates. Specifically, HLA-DRB1 rs17882084 GA genotype and A allele, and IL6ST rs781455079 TC genotype and C allele may increase KD risk. Additionally, the IL17RC rs143781415 genotype may increase CAL risk in KD patients.
Tumor specific TGF-β insensitive CD8 + T cells augments the antitumor effect through inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in CD 105 + renal carcinoma stem cells
Authors: Wang Longxin , Zhang Chao , Yue Dezhou , Dong Jie
Published: February 2024

Background The CD105+ cell clones isolated from renal cell carcinoma (RCC)were characterized as cancer stem cells. This study aimed to explore the antitumor mechanism of the transform growth factor-β(TGF-β) insensitive CD8+ T cells against CD105+ cells in vitro and vivo.
Methods The CD105+ cell clones were isolated from primary RCC cell lines and characterized by the immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR and western-blotting analysis. The expression levels of TGF-β1 were examined in 105 RCC tissues and correlation regression analysis were performed. The tumor specific TGF-beta insensitive CD8+ T cells were expanded ex vivo as previously described. The naïve CD8+ T cells and PBS as control. The humanized SCID mice were challenged with injection of CD105+ cells before adoptive transfer. The antitumor appraisal including survival analysis, tumor burden and bioluminescent imaging examination. The presence of pulmonary metastases was evaluated pathologically and epithelial-mesenchymal transition related molecular were analyzed.
Results The CD105+ cells were characterized with renal cancer stem cell for the high expression of Nanog, Oct4, Vimentin, Pax2 and high tumorigenicity. The TGF-beta-insensitive CD8+T cells showed the specific antitumor effect against CD105+ in vitro, were associated with suppressed pulmonary metastasis, and prolonged survival times, inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tumor microenvironment.
Conclusion Our results demonstrate that the TGF-beta insensitive CD8+T cells show the tumor-specific antitumor effect including reduce tumor burden, inhibit pulmonary metastasis by blockade the EMT mechanism existed in CD105+CSCs. This study may provide a new perspective and method for the immunotherapy in RCC.
InfVIKOR: A hybrid Decision-Making computational approach to identify influential nodes in complex networks
Authors: Singh Naveen Kumar , Patel Asmita , Sharma Naveen , Verma Nidhi , Sharma Saurabh Kumar , Singh R. K. Brojen
Published: February 2024

Identifying influential nodes in complex networks remains a significant challenge in network analysis. In this direction, one attractive challenge is to characterize the spreading capabilities of nodes, which could serve as potential regulators of the network. While node centrality methods have been widely used for identifying such nodes, they are often tailored to specific problems. In this research work, a new method InfVIKOR is proposed aimed at accurately identifying influential nodes and addressing bias inherent in single-measure evaluations. This method utilizes a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approach called VIKOR, which integrates multiple parameters to effectively identify influential nodes. The method uses the centrality measure as a criterion with proper optimization method to construct group utility function of the complex network, and then quick sort algorithm is applied to rank the nodes according to their influence score derived from the group utility measure. InfVIKOR prioritizes influential nodes to achieve a balanced combination of efficacy and efficiency. To evaluate the effectiveness of the method, the Susceptible-Infected (SI) model is employed to simulate communication propagation across six real-world networks. The experimental findings underscore the accuracy and efficacy of the proposed method. Further, this method can be used in any hierarchical scale free networks.
Low-temperature Irreversible Thermochromic Indicator Based on Functional Polydiacetylene for Food Storage Applications
Authors: Goyal Sachin , Sharma Deepika , Kumar Kamlesh
Published: February 2024

Thermochromic materials are of great interest because of their color transition characteristic as a function of temperature, and this property may find potential applications as a temperature indicator. Irreversible thermochromic materials that display color change at low temperatures can be utilized as a temperature indicator to ensure the safety and quality of deep-frozen products during storage and transportation. In this work, we have successfully prepared a novel colorimetric sensor based on a functionalized polydiacetylene dye. In order to achieve thermochromic transition of different temperature ranges, pentacosadiynoic acid (PC) was functionalized with ethylene glycol monomethylether (EGME), diethylene glycol monomethyl ether (DGME) and triethylene glycol monomethyl ether (TGME), resulting the formation of ester head groups. Photopolymerization of the synthesized diacetylene dyes was carried out to convert the monomers of the dyes into polymers. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize the synthesized product. The absorption spectroscopy and optical images study revealed that the functionalized dyes underwent irreversible thermochromic transition when exposed to freezing temperatures. This property of irreversible color transition can make them a reliable indicator of temperature change. The functional dye was incorporated into a polymer film to apply directly on deep freeze products as a polymer strip and when the temperature increases upon freezing level, the color of the thermochromic strip changes which can provide a visual warning to the consumers and manufacturers.
Unsupervised Inductive node representation learning for dynamic graphs
Authors: Zhou Wen-Gang , Abbas Khushnood
Published: February 2024

Graph-structured data is crucial for modeling complex real-world systems, but traditional machine learning struggles with
non-Euclidean relationships inherent in graphs. Graph embedding techniques address this by creating fixed-dimensional
vector representations of nodes, edges, or graphs, enabling diverse downstream tasks. However, existing approaches often focus on static graphs, limiting applicability in time-sensitive scenarios. To bridge this gap, our research proposes a novel node embedding method tailored for Discrete Time Dynamic Graphs (DTDGs). We introduce a framework for learning model parameters to generate embeddings at any time point inductively. Through extensive experiments, our model demonstrates superior performance over state-of-the-art static and dynamic embedding methods, highlighting its effectiveness and robustness. This advancement in dynamic graph representation learning holds promise for real-world applications, from biological proteinprotein interaction networks to large-scale human interaction networks. We provide publicly available code for reproducibility of our results https://github.com/khushnood/UnsupervisedInductiveNodeRepresentationForDynamicGraphs.
De novo hemizygous P.Arg204Leu mutation in ALAS2 Gene in young Indian male with X-linked sideroblastic anemia: A case report
Authors: Machiraju Phani Krishna , Namala Satya Prasad , Pandurangan Prabu , Soni Mamta , Palanisamy Ruba , Sankar Santhosh
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Congenital sideroblastic anemia is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by ineffective erythropoiesis and microcytic hypochromic anemia. The phenotypic expression of CSA is variable and the most common form is X-linked, caused by mutations of delta- aminolevulinic acid synthase 2 (ALAS2).We report a novel missense mutation in the ALAS2 gene in a young Indian male patient.
Case details: A 19 year old gentleman presented with severe anemia. Bone marrow revealed ringed sideroblasts and clinical exome sequencing revealed a novel mutation (p.Arg204Leu) of ALAS2 gene.
Discussion: More than 100 pathogenic variants in ALAS2 gene have been reported till date. In our case, one novel missense pathogenic variant was identified in Exon 5 which resulted in the amino acid substitution of Leucine for Arginine at codon 204, which responded well to pyridoxine.
Conclusion: Our case adds to the XLSA pathogenic variant database and expands the number of cases of the rare disease.
One-year Developmental Changes in Motor Coordination and Technical Preparation in 10–12-year-old Male and Female Tennis Players
Authors: Waldziński Tomasz , Waldzińska Ewa , Durzyńska Aleksandra , Niespodziński Bartłomiej , Mieszkowski Jan , Kochanowicz Andrzej
Published: February 2024

Background: To date, no longitudinal studies have been conducted on the differences in the development of motor coordination between boys and girls in relation to changes in their technical preparation level in tennis. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the development of motor coordination of 10–12-year-old tennis players over the course of 1 year. Insight into the longitudinal changes of coordination abilities may be useful for trainers, instructors, and teachers of physical education training children, and could be used for talent spotting and improving training programs designed for adolescent tennis players.
Methods:One-hundred eighty male and female tennis players aged 10, 11, or 12 years old participated in the study. Each age group comprised 30 boys and 30 girls. To investigate their motor coordination development, a battery of general tests and specific technical preparation tests were performed 4 times quarterly over 1 year. Differences between sexes and the time points were assessed. The rate of development was evaluated based on beta coefficient of linear regression.
Results:Boys generally performed better in technical preparation tests than girls, as observed for one motor coordination test among 10-year-olds, three tests among 11-year-olds, and six tests among 12-year-olds. Jump rope test among 10-year-olds and hexagon jump test among 12-year-olds were the only tests where girls performed better than boys. On the other hand, girls showed higher rate of development in balance and complex reaction tests than boys.
Conclusions:
We conclude that motor coordination and technical preparation development over 1 year is age-, sex-, and task-dependent, with the 10–12-year-old male tennis players performing better in tennis technical preparation and overall motor coordination than females.
Investigation of the Effectiveness of Audio Processing and Filtering Strategies in Noisy Environments on Speech Recognition Performance
Authors: ÖZKURT Cem
Published: February 2024

This study investigates the effects of audio processing and filtering strategies to enhance the performance of speech recognition systems in noisy environments. The focus is on the Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) operations applied to noisy audio files and noise reduction procedures. While STFT operations form the basis for detecting noise and analyzing the speech signal in the frequency domain, noise reduction steps involve threshold-based masking and convolution operations. The results obtained demonstrate a significant improvement in speech recognition accuracy in noisy environments through audio processing and filtering strategies. A detailed analysis of the graphs provides guidance for evaluating the effectiveness of noise reduction procedures and serves as a roadmap for future research. This study emphasizes the critical importance of audio processing and filtering strategies in improving the performance of speech recognition systems in noisy environments, laying a foundation for future studies.
Crenne, Hélisenne de ([1541] 2023). Les quatre premiers livres des Eneydes du treselegant poete Virgile, Traduictz de Latin en prose Francoyse, par ma dame Helisenne
Authors: de Crenne Hélisenne
Published: February 2024

A 16th Century French Version of Virgil’s Aeneid In 1541, the author and translator known under the name Hélisenne de Crenne published her fourth and last work, a prose adaptation of the first four books of Virgil’s epos the Aeneid. The work was printed by Denys Janot and dedicated to king Francis I. The themes of Crenne’s Aeneid are in many ways similar to the themes present in her earlier works, works of which she was the original author. Crenne shows a vivid interest in love and its consequences in all her works ; moreover, she has a sharp focus on feelings. All this becomes crystal clear in her adaptation of Virgil ; a work which we consider as the keystone to her whole production. It seems that Crenne tried to make Virgil's work accessible and interesting to a broad audience through her adaptations of Virgil. Nonetheless, in contrast to her earlier works, her version of the Aeneid did not meet with any success among its contemporaries. The present volume is the first edition of the whole text since the first edition appeared. Besides Crenne’s Aeneid, this volume contains an extensive introduction where the work is presented : Crenne’s authorship ; translation in the 16th century ; Crenne’s technique and style ; the three extant copies of the printed edition ; her purposes with the edition. Moreover, our volume contains a commentary where each chapter is compared with the texts of Virgil and of Octovien de Saint-Gelais, the earlier French translator who inspired Crenne the most. Finally, there is a glossary. We have also reproduced the woodcuts from the original edition and tried to recreate a similar layout.
Biochar from co-pyrolysis of biological sludge and sawdust in comparison with the conventional filling media of vertical-flow constructed wetlands for the treatment of domestic-textile wastewater
Authors: Ayadi Mariem , Passaseo Davide , Bonaccorso Giulia , Fichera Michelangelo , Renai Lapo , Venturini Lorenzo , Colzi Ilaria , Fibbi Donatella , Del Bubba Massimo
Published: February 2024

A biochar from co-pyrolysis of a mixture of sawdust and biological sludge (70/30, w/w), providing a high environmental compatibility in terms of water leachable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and inorganic elements, together with a remarkable surface area (389 m2/g), was integrated into laboratory-scale vertical-flow constructed wetlands (VF-CWs), planted with Phragmites australis and unplanted. Biochar-filled VF-CWs have been tested for 8 months for the refining of effluents from the tertiary clariflocculation stage of a wastewater treatment plant operating in a mixed domestic-industrial textile context, in comparison with systems filled with gravel. VF-CW influents and effluents were monitored for chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen and phosphorus cycles, and absorbance values at 254 and 420 nm, the latter as rapid and reliable screening parameters of the removal of organic micropollutants containing aromatic moieties and/or chromophores. Biochar-based systems provided a statistically significant improvement in COD (Δ = 22%) and ammonia (Δ = 35%) removal, as well as in the reduction of UV–Vis absorbance values (Δ = 32–34% and Δ = 28% for 254 and 420 nm, respectively), compared to gravel-filled microcosms. The higher removal of organic was mainly attributed to the well-known adsorption properties of biochars, while for nitrogen the biological mechanisms seem to play a predominant role.
Network Pharmacology Analysis on the Mechanism of Xihuangwan in Treating
Rectal Cancer and Radiation Enteritis
Authors: Lv Minghe , Ding Rong , Ma Peizhen , Feng Yue , Zeng Su , Zhang Yang , Shen Wenhao , Guan Wenhui , E. Xiangyu , Zeng Hongwei , Yu Jingping
Published: February 2024

Background:

Recent studies have shown that XihuangWan (XHW) is a kind of Chinese medicine
with significant anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities. However, its mechanism for preventing and treating
radiation proctitis in rectal cancer patients during radiotherapy remains unclear.

Methods:

This study employed the network pharmacology to establish a “drug-active ingredient-target genedisease”
network via using TCMSP, SymMap, GeneCard, and OMIM databases. The PPI network was conducted
by the String tool. The core targets of XHW in the treatment of rectal cancer and radiation enteritis
were identified by topological analysis, and the functional annotation analysis and pathway enrichment analysis
were performed.

Results:

A total of 61 active ingredients of XHW ingredients, 4607 rectal cancer-related genes, 5803 radiation
enteritis-related genes, and 68 common targets of XHW in the treatment of rectal cancer and radiation enteritis
were obtained. PTGS1 and NR3C2, as identified potential targets, were significantly associated with OS of colorectal
cancer patients. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that bioinformatics annotation of these
common genes was mainly involved in DNA-binding transcription factor, PI3K/Akt, TNF, HIF-1 signaling
pathway, and colorectal cancer pathway.

Conclusion:

The active ingredients of XHW, mainly including Quercetin, Ellagic acid, and Stigmasterol,
might act on common targets of rectal cancer and radiation enteritis, such as PTGS1, NR3C2, IL-6, EGFR,
HIF-1A, CASP3, BCL2, ESR1, MYC, and PPARG, and regulate multiple signaling pathways like PI3K-Akt,
TNF, and HIF-1 to inhibit tumor proliferation, tumor angiogenesis, inflammatory responses, and oxidative
stress, thereby achieving prevention and treatment of radiation enteritis in rectal cancer patients during radiotherapy.
It provided an important reference for further elucidating the anti-inflammation and anti-tumor mechanism
and clinical application of XHW.
Transfersomes: Recent Advances, Mechanisms, Exhaustive Applications, Clinical Trials, and Patents
Authors: Manchanda Deeksha , Makhija Manish , Pandey Parijat , Sharma Manu
Published: February 2024

A feasible nano transdermal delivery system generally intends to have specific ideal
and distinct characteristics primarily for safety, clinical efficacy, and boosted therapeutic index.
The delivery of drugs, particularly macromolecules, across the skin is one of the most strenuous
obstacles in front of pharmaceutical scientists. Technology advancement has provided some opportunities
to overcome this difficulty by utilising microneedle arrays, ablation, laser methods etc.
However, associated uneasiness, painful sensation, and higher cost of therapies limit their day-today
use. Therefore, researchers have focused on developing alternate carriers like ultra-deformable
liposomes, also termed transfersomes. Transfersomes are composed of a lipid bilayer
containing phospholipids and an edge activator to facilitate drug delivery via transdermal route to
deeper layers of skin and for higher systemic bioavailability. The bilayer structure of transfersomes
allows ease of encapsulation of both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs with higher permeability
than typical liposomes. Therefore, among various vesicular systems, transfersomes have developed
much interest in targeted and sustained drug delivery. The current review primarily emphasizes
critical aspects of transfersomes, including their applications, clinical trial studies, and patents
found in various literature sources.