bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Standalone ethanol micro-reformer integrated on silicon technology for onboard production of hydrogen-rich gas
Authors: Pla D. , Salleras M. , Morata A. , Garbayo I. , Gerbolés M. , Sabaté N. , Divins N. J. , Casanovas A. , Llorca J. , Tarancón A.
Published: June 2016

Ultra-compact miniaturized ethanol micro-reformers based on highly packed vertically-aligned silicon-through micro-channels were fabricated by mainstream micro technology for on board generation of hydrogen-rich fuel.
CuSe1−xSxnanosheets with an ordered superstructure as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Yan Chunshuang , Chen Gang , Zhang Yongqiang , Chen Dahong , Pei Jian , Qiu Zhuangzhuang
Published: June 2016

Ordered CuSe1−xSxnanosheets (NSs) with a superstructure exhibit good cycle and rate performance.
Fluorescence probes for prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells using Re(CO)3+complexes with an electron withdrawing ancillary ligand
Authors: Carreño A. , Gacitúa M. , Fuentes J. A. , Páez-Hernández D. , Peñaloza J. P. , Otero C. , Preite M. , Molins E. , Swords W. B. , Meyer G. J. , Manríquez J. Manuel , Polanco R. , Chávez I. , Arratia-Pérez R.
Published: June 2016

Re(CO)3+complexes with an ancillary ligand present an electron withdrawing effect suitable for cell imaging.
One-pot sequential asymmetric hydrogenation of β-aryl-β-aryloxy acroleins
Authors: Liu Yufeng , Chen Jianzhong , Zhang Zhenfeng , Qin Jian , Zhao Min , Zhang Wanbin
Published: June 2016

A one-pot sequential asymmetric hydrogenation of β-aryl-β-aryloxy acroleins has been developed for the preparation of chiral 3-aryl-3-aryloxy alcohols.
The kinetics and mechanism of the organo-iridium catalysed racemisation of amines
Authors: Stirling Matthew J. , Mwansa Joseph M. , Sweeney Gemma , Blacker A. John , Page Michael I.
Published: June 2016

The iridium complex [IrCp*I2]2catalyses the racemisation of amines with a low catalyst loading by rate-limiting hydride transfer.
Recent advances in the synthesis of indolizines and their π-expanded analogues
Authors: Sadowski Bartłomiej , Klajn Jan , Gryko Daniel T.
Published: June 2016

Synthesis of indolizines developed during the last decade is reviewed, with special emphasis given to densely functionalized architectures, breakthrough strategies, compounds bearing electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents and π-expanded systems.
Iodine-mediated synthesis of heterocycles via electrophilic cyclization of alkynes
Authors: Aggarwal Trapti , Kumar Sonu , Verma Akhilesh K.
Published: June 2016

Syntheses of heterocyclesvia5-exoor 6-endo-digiodocyclizations from alkynes.
Synthesis and immunological evaluation of MUC1 glycopeptide conjugates bearing N-acetyl modified STn derivatives as anticancer vaccines
Authors: Xiao An , Zheng Xiu-Jing , Song Chengcheng , Gui Yue , Huo Chang-Xin , Ye Xin-Shan
Published: June 2016

Unnatural STn disaccharides with N-acetyl modifications were incorporated into a 20-amino acid MUC1 tandem repeat sequence. The modified STn-MUC1 glycopeptide–protein conjugates showed high immunogenicity.
A short and modular approach towards 3,5-disubstituted indolizidine alkaloids
Authors: Nebe Marco M. , Zinn Sina , Opatz Till
Published: June 2016

A short modular access to 5,9-trans-configurated 3,5-disubstituted indolizidines through double α-metalation of piperidine is presented.
Pd-catalyzed divergent trifluoroethylation and arylation of arylboronic acids by aryl(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)iodonium triflates
Authors: Yang Jing , Han Qiu-Yan , Zhao Cheng-Long , Dong Tao , Hou Zhi-Yuan , Qin Hua-Li , Zhang Cheng-Pan
Published: June 2016

A ligand-free Pd-catalyzed tunable trifluoroethylation and arylation of arylboronic acids by highly electrophilic aryl(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)iodonium triflates is disclosed.
Supramolecular interactions of fluorene-based copolymers containing 3,4-propylenedioxythiophene and phenazine units with SWNTs
Authors: Imit Mokhtar , Imin Patigul , Adronov Alex
Published: June 2016

Interaction of an electron-rich ProDOT-containing conjugated polymer and an electron poor phenazine-containing conjugated polymer with single-walled carbon nanotubes exhibits some selectivity for metallic vs. semiconducting structures.
Concise asymmetric total synthesis of catunaregin
Authors: Abe Hideki , Hikichi Takuma , Emori Kosuke , Kobayashi Toyoharu , Ito Hisanaka
Published: June 2016

The asymmetric total synthesis of the optically pure catunaregin was accomplished in 7 steps from a known methyl ester using an asymmetric syn-selective aldol reaction and the successive ketalization of a furan diol derivative under acidic conditions.
Fungal–bacterial interactions in mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute and chronic colitis
Authors: Qiu Xinyun , Li Xia , Wu Zhe , Zhang Feng , Wang Ning , Wu Na , Yang Xi , Liu Yulan
Published: June 2016

The commensal intestinal microbiota plays critical roles in the initiation and development of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD).
Easy-to-fill asymmetric polymeric micro-reservoirs
Authors: Contaldi Vincenzo , Pastore Carbone Maria Giovanna , Di Maio Ernesto , Manikas Anastasios C. , Netti Paolo Antonio
Published: June 2016

Thermoplastic, asymmetrical, micrometric reservoirs filled with a desired host molecule are achieved by gas foaming and subsequent filling. This method paves the way to a breakthrough in the vibrant micro- and nanoparticle area.
Human mesenchymal stem cells promote survival and prevent intestinal damage in a mouse model of radiation injury
Authors: Guo Meng-Zheng , Gong Wei , Zhang Hong-Wei , Wang Yan , Du Li-Qing , Xu Chang , Wang Qin , Zhao Hui , Liu Qiang , Fan Fei-Yue
Published: June 2016

In the present study, we examined the protective effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) against intestinal stem cell (ISC) death and intestinal damage in a mouse model of radiation injury.
A self-powered active hydrogen sensor based on a high-performance triboelectric nanogenerator using a wrinkle-micropatterned PDMS film
Authors: Uddin A. S. M. Iftekhar , Chung Gwiy-Sang
Published: June 2016

A triboelectric nanogenerator based self-powered active hydrogen (H2) sensor was fabricated using Pd nanoparticles (NPs) decorated ZnO nanorod (NR) arrays and a wrinkle-micropatterned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).
Graphene oxide: strategies for synthesis, reduction and frontier applications
Authors: Singh Rajesh Kumar , Kumar Rajesh , Singh Dinesh Pratap
Published: June 2016

In this review article, we describe a general introduction to GO, its synthesis, reduction and some selected frontier applications. Its low cost and potential for mass production make GO a promising building block for functional hybrid materials.
Phototransformation of tetrazoline oxime ethers – part 2: theoretical investigation
Authors: Fréneau Maxime , Hoffmann Norbert , Vors Jean-Pierre , Genix Pierre , Richard Claire , de Sainte Claire Pascal
Published: June 2016

The competitive photoisomerization and photodegradation reactions of a tetrazoline oxime ether showing important fungicidal activity are investigated by DFT and CASSCF calculations.
Acetate-induced controlled-synthesis of hematite polyhedra enclosed by high-activity facets for enhanced photocatalytic performance
Authors: Wan Hao , Liu Tao , Liu Xiaohe , Pan Jiangling , Zhang Ning , Ma Renzhi , Liang Shuquan , Wang Haidong , Qiu Guanzhou
Published: June 2016

Uniform hematite polyhedra enclosed by high-activity facets could be selectively synthesized by acetates-induced synthetic strategy.
Molybdenum disulfide quantum dots: synthesis and applications
Authors: Arul N. Sabari , Nithya V. D.
Published: June 2016

This review presents the current development of MoS2QDs with a special focus on their synthesis techniques, properties and their potential in various applications.
Ti-MIL-125-NH2 membrane grown on a TiO2 disc by combined microwave/ultrasonic heating: facile synthesis for catalytic application
Authors: Lee Yu-Ri , Cho Sung-Min , Baeck Sung-Hyeon , Ahn Wha-Seung , Cho Won-Seung
Published: June 2016

A Ti-MIL125-NH2 membrane with uniform crystals was prepared on a TiO2 disc using microwave/ultrasonic irradiation, and used as a reusable catalyst for the Knoevenagel reaction.
Nanomagnetic zirconia-based sulfonic acid (Fe3O4@ZrO2-Pr-SO3H): a new, efficient and recyclable solid acid catalyst for the protection of alcohols via HMDS under solvent free conditions
Authors: Tadjarodi Azadeh , Khodikar Rahim , Ghafuri Hosssein
Published: June 2016

In the present work, sulfonic acid functionalized nanomagnetic zirconia is prepared by the reaction of (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane and nanomagnetic zirconia.
Deposition of silver nanoparticles onto two dimensional BiOCl nanodiscs for enhanced visible light photocatalytic and biocidal activities
Authors: Zhu Wenyu , Li Zhong , Zhou Yan , Yan Xiaoli
Published: June 2016

Silver modified 2D BiOCl showed excellent photocatalytic performance in degrading sulfanilamide and presented good antibacterial efficiency under visible light irradiation.
5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine enhances the antimicrobial response of vitamin D receptor against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Yang Yang , Liu Xiaogang , Yin Wei , Xie Dong , He Wenxin , Jiang Gening , Fan Jiang
Published: June 2016

Objective: Epigenetic modification affects disease susceptibility.
Functionalization of pyridyl ketones using deprotolithiation-in situ zincation
Authors: Hedidi Madani , Erb William , Lassagne Frédéric , Halauko Yury S. , Ivashkevich Oleg A. , Matulis Vadim E. , Roisnel Thierry , Bentabed-Ababsa Ghenia , Mongin Florence
Published: June 2016

Metallation of aryl ketones was achieved by using LiTMP in the presence of ZnCl2·TMEDA, as evidenced by subsequent interception with iodine or by palladium-catalysed cross-coupling reaction.
A sulfur doped carbon nanotube as a potential catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Tavakol Hossein , Keshavarzipour Fariba
Published: June 2016

The catalytic ability of SCNT in a four-electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) of fuel cells was studied by DFT calculations.
RuIII-edta (edta4− = ethylenediaminetetraacetate) mediated photocatalytic conversion of bicarbonate to formate over visible light irradiated non-metal doped TiO2 semiconductor photocatalysts
Authors: Mondal Tapashree , Chatterjee Debabrata
Published: June 2016

[RuIII(edta)] mediates the conversion of bicarbonate to formate via formation of a [RuIII(edta)(HCO3)]2− which undergoes photocatalytic reduction at the conduction band of the visible light irradiated non-metal doped TiO2 semiconductor particles.
A novel approach towards hydrazine sensor development using SrO·CNT nanocomposites
Authors: Rahman Mohammed M. , Hussain Mohammad Musarraf , Asiri Abdullah M.
Published: June 2016

Strontium oxide nanoparticle decorated carbon nanotube nanocomposites (SrO·CNT NCs) were prepared in alkaline medium using a wet-chemical technique at low temperature.
Hierarchical alginate biopolymer papers produced via lanthanide ion coordination
Authors: Liu Shunli , Ling Jun , Li Kewen , Yao Fang , Oderinde Olayinka , Zhang Zhihong , Fu Guodong
Published: June 2016

A layered alginate-based biopolymer paper with a hierarchical structure and excellent mechanical properties was prepared via lanthanide ions coordination.
Direct conversion mechanism from BiOCl nanosheets to BiOF, Bi7F11O5 and BiF3 in the presence of a fluorine resource
Authors: Kan Yandong , Teng Fei , Yang Yang , Xu Juan , Yang Liming
Published: June 2016

Tetragonal BiOF, monoclinic Bi7F11O5 and cubic BiF3 crystal can be obtained by a simple ion exchange approach.
Synthesis of an ordered nanoporous Fe2O3/Au film for application in ascorbic acid detection
Authors: Yin Yingying , Zhao Jianwei , Qin Lirong , Yang Yu , He Lizhong
Published: June 2016

Ordered nanoporous Fe2O3/Au film was synthesized and used as an effective non-enzymatic sensor for detection of ascorbic acid.
Improved photovoltaic performance of mesoporous perovskite solar cells with hydrogenated TiO2: prolonged photoelectron lifetime and high separation efficiency of photoinduced charge
Authors: Su Ting , Yang Yulin , Dong Guohua , Ye Tengling , Jiang Yanxia , Fan Ruiqing
Published: June 2016

Hydrogenated titanium dioxide (H-TiO2) nanocrystals and nanorods (H-TNRs) are successfully synthesized and employed as electron transfer materials in mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (PSCs).
A mullite oxide catalyst of SmMn2O5 for three-way catalysis: synthesis, characterization, and catalytic activity evaluation
Authors: Zhao Pengfei , Yu Pengfei , Feng Zijian , Chen Rong , Jia Liwei , Wang Jianqiang , Shen Meiqing , Shan Bin
Published: June 2016

CO conversion as a function of temperature for SMO and LCO is shown in the graphical abstract image. SMO reached 95% conversion at 150 °C and showed a better CO oxidation activity than LCO.
Adsorptive removal of Ni(ii) ions from aqueous solution and the synthesis of a Ni-doped ceramic: an efficient enzyme carrier exhibiting enhanced activity of immobilized lipase
Authors: Qu Yanning , Wu Zhongjie , Huang Renliang , Qi Wei , Su Rongxin , He Zhimin
Published: June 2016

We report the successful removal of Ni2+ from aqueous solution via entrapment by chitosan nanoparticles, followed by calcination with a ceramic matrix to construct a novel carrier for lipase immobilization with enhanced activity.
Isomorphous substitution induced ionothermal synthesis of magnesium aluminophosphate zeolites in fluoride-free media
Authors: Wei Ying , Zhang Ling , Tian Zhijian
Published: June 2016

MgAPOs were ionothermally synthesized in a fluoride-free system, where the incorporation of magnesium resembling that of fluoride induced zeolite crystallization.
Electrophoretic separation and deposition of metal–graphene nanocomposites and their application as electrodes in solar cells
Authors: Brennan Lorcan J. , Surolia Praveen K. , Rovelli Lorenzo , Loudon Alexander , Torsney Samuel P. , Roche Sarah , Thampi K. Ravindranathan , Gun'ko Yurii K.
Published: June 2016

Synthesis of metal nanoparticle–graphene composites without the use of any stabilising ligands has enabled the nanoparticle surface to be available for electron transfer reactions in the development of new counter electrodes for solar cells.
Photoactivity and electronic properties of graphene-like materials and TiO2 composites using first-principles calculations
Authors: Gao Hongtao , Lu Baichuan , Li Dongyang , Guo Fengjuan , Dai Dongmei , Si Chongdian , Liu Guangjun , Zhao Xian
Published: June 2016

Electrons in HOMO consisted of O2p from TiO2 could be directly excited to LUMO composed by the hybridized orbital from GLM and TiO2 under irradiation. The well-separated electron–hole pairs induced an enhanced photocatalytic activity of TiO2/GLM.
Solventless synthesis of Ru(0) composites stabilized with polyphosphorhydrazone (PPH) dendrons and their use in catalysis
Authors: García-Peña Nidia G. , Caminade Anne-Marie , Ouali Armelle , Redón Rocío , Turrin Cédric-Olivier
Published: June 2016

Ruthenium is in the air: small Ru NPs are obtained by milling RuCl3, NaBH4 and polyphosphorhydrazone dendrons under air. The whole dendron structure is involved in the stabilization process. These NPs catalyze the selective hydrogenation of styrene.
A simple preparation of porous graphene nanosheets containing onion-like nano-holes with favorable high-rate Li-storage performance
Authors: Song Ranran , Cao Bin , Zhang Di , Song Huaihe
Published: June 2016

Porous graphene nanosheets containing hollow onion-like nano-holes were fabricated through simple graphitization from phenolic resin, and exhibit endurable capability and outstanding rate performance as anode materials for lithium ion batteries.
Green organic light-emitting devices with external quantum efficiency up to nearly 30% based on an iridium complex with a tetraphenylimidodiphosphinate ligand
Authors: Li Yanan , Zhou Liang , Jiang Yunlong , Cui Rongzhen , Zhao Xuesen , Zheng Youxuan , Zuo Jinglin , Zhang Hongjie
Published: June 2016

High performance green electroluminescent device with maximum brightness, current efficiency, power efficiency and external quantum efficiency (EQE) up to 113 610 cd m−2, 112.30 cd A−1, 97.95 lm W−1 and 29.4%, was realized.
Design for carbon–carbon bond forming reactions under ambient conditions
Authors: Brahmachari Goutam
Published: June 2016

The carbon–carbon (C–C) bond forms the ‘backbone’ of nearly every organic molecule, and lies at the heart of the chemical sciences! Let us explore designing of carbon–carbon frameworks at ambient conditions.
The impact of doped silicon quantum dots on human osteoblasts
Authors: Ostrovska Lucie , Broz Antonin , Fucikova Anna , Belinova Tereza , Sugimoto Hiroshi , Kanno Takashi , Fujii Minoru , Valenta Jan , Kalbacova Marie Hubalek
Published: June 2016

Interaction of red/infrared fluorescent (B, P co-doped) Si quantum dots with biological environment (medium and cells) is sensitive to the presence of fetal bovine serum, to the particle size and surface potential and influenced by particle ageing.
Critical insights into understanding the effects of synthesis temperature and nitrogen doping towards charge storage capability and microwave shielding in nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube/polymer nanocomposites
Authors: Pawar Shital Patangrao , Arjmand Mohammad , Gandi Mounika , Bose Suryasarathi , Sundararaj Uttandaraman
Published: June 2016

Herein, various N-doped multiwall carbon nanotubes were prepared by varying the synthesis temperature, and their charge storage capability and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness were assessed by incorporating them into a PVDF matrix.
The effect of organomodified ZnAl LDH for in situ synthesis and the properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanocomposites
Authors: Tsai Tsung-Yen , Bunekar Naveen
Published: June 2016

Poly(ethylene terephthalate)-layered double hydroxide (PET–LDH) composites were prepared by intercalation, followed by in situ polymerization.
Water adsorption behaviour of CAU-10-H: a thorough investigation of its structure–property relationships
Authors: Fröhlich Dominik , Pantatosaki Evangelia , Kolokathis Panagiotis D. , Markey Karen , Reinsch Helge , Baumgartner Max , van der Veen Monique A. , De Vos Dirk E. , Stock Norbert , Papadopoulos George K. , Henninger Stefan K. , Janiak Christoph
Published: June 2016

Aluminium isophthalate CAU-10-H is a promising stable adsorbent for application in heat-exchange processes.
Highly efficient aqueous-processed polymer/nanocrystal hybrid solar cells with an aqueous-processed TiO2electron extraction layer
Authors: Zhao Yue , Zeng Qingsen , Liu Xu , Jiao Shihui , Pang Guangsheng , Du Xiaohang , Zhang Kai , Yang Bai
Published: June 2016

A PCE of 5.53% is obtained for the aqueous-processed polymer/nanocrystal hybrid solar cells based on the aqueous-processed TiO2electron extraction layer.
A lignosulfonate-modified graphene hydrogel with ultrahigh adsorption capacity for Pb(ii) removal
Authors: Li Fengfeng , Wang Xiluan , Yuan Tongqi , Sun Runcang
Published: June 2016

A high capacity, low cost, eco-friendly and recyclable adsorbent, a lignosulfonate-modified graphene hydrogel, is successfully synthesized via a one-step method.
Multifunctional magnetic oleic acid-coated MnFe2O4/polystyrene Janus particles for water treatment
Authors: Pan Deng , Mou Fangzhi , Li Xiaofeng , Deng Zhuoyi , Sun Jing , Xu Leilei , Guan Jianguo
Published: June 2016

Multifunctional MnFe2O4@OA/PS Janus particles (JPs) for water treatment are demonstrated in this work. They can not only encapsulate and separate oil from water, but also degrade organic dyes in water due to their amphiphilic properties, magnetic responses and high catalytic activities.
Demonstration of high performance in a perovskite oxide supported solid oxide fuel cell based on La and Ca co-doped SrTiO3
Authors: Lu Lanying , Ni Chengsheng , Cassidy Mark , Irvine John T. S.
Published: June 2016

Perovskite electrodes have been considered as an alternative to Ni-YSZ cermet-based anodes as they afford better tolerance towards coking and impurities and due to redox stability can allow very high levels of fuel utilisation.
Construction of unique cupric oxide–manganese dioxide core–shell arrays on a copper grid for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Chen Hao , Zhou Ming , Wang Tian , Li Fei , Zhang Yu Xin
Published: June 2016

Unique CuO@MnO2 core–shell nanostructures on a copper grid have been prepared on a large scale by quick wet etching and hydrothermal deposition methods for advanced binder-free supercapacitor electrodes.
Electrochemical oxidation to construct a nickel sulfide/oxide heterostructure with improvement of capacitance
Authors: Liu Xuan , You Bo , Yu Xin-Yao , Chipman Jeffrey , Sun Yujie
Published: June 2016

Supercapacitors have been widely recognized as a promising device for the storage of renewable energy.
Cuprous sulfide on Ni foam as a counter electrode for flexible quantum dot sensitized solar cells
Authors: Du Zhonglin , Tong Jing , Guo Wenxia , Zhang Hua , Zhong Xinhua
Published: June 2016

A Cu2S/Ni foam CE has been fabricated via a redox reaction between Ni and Cu ions followed by sulfidation. The as-prepared bendable CE shows superior catalytic activity and conductivity. The assembled flexible CdSe QDSCs exhibit the highest conversion efficiency of 3.55% reported to date.
A CNT cocoon on sodium manganate nanotubes forming a core/branch cathode coupled with a helical carbon nanofibre anode for enhanced sodium ion batteries
Authors: Zhong Yu , Xia Xinhui , Zhan Jiye , Wang Xiuli , Tu Jiangping
Published: June 2016

Full cells based on a P2-type Na0.7MnO2.05 nanotube/CNT cathode and a helical carbon nanofiber anode are developed and show enhanced sodium ion storage capacity.
Structural phase transition, depolarization and enhanced pyroelectric properties of (Pb1−1.5xLax)(Zr0.66Sn0.23Ti0.11)O3 solid solution
Authors: Zhuo Fangping , Li Qiang , Gao Jinghan , Wang Yujie , Yan Qingfeng , Xia Zhiguo , Zhang Yiling , Chu Xiangcheng
Published: June 2016

(Pb1−1.5xLax)(Zr0.66Sn0.23Ti0.11)O3 ceramics were fabricated using the conventional solid-state method. Enhanced and wide temperature range tunable pyroelectric properties were achieved in this system.
The electronic and optical properties of silicene/g-ZnS heterobilayers: a theoretical study
Authors: Chen Xianping , Jiang Junke , Liang Qiuhua , Meng Ruishen , Tan Chunjian , Yang Qun , Sun Xiang
Published: June 2016

The electronic and optical properties of silicene/g-ZnS heterobilayers were systematically investigated by using density functional theory calculations.
Pyrene-capped starburst emitters as gain media for organic lasers: design, synthesis, and stabilized lasing properties
Authors: Yi Jian-Peng , Zhao Li , Xu Weidong , Liu Cheng-Fang , Lai Wen-Yong , Huang Wei
Published: June 2016

A novel set of pyrene-capped starburst organic emitters have been designed, synthesized and explored as efficient emitters for organic lasers.
Detection of oxide-ion and oxygen vacancy swapping via upconversion luminescence in La2Mo2O9:Yb3+,Er3+
Authors: Li Ye , Jiang Xiao-Fang , Tao Feng-Qiong , Yang Yan-Min , Zhang Qin-Yuan , Ye Shi
Published: June 2016

The oxide-ion and oxygen vacancy swapping in the oxide-ion conductor La2Mo2O9:Yb3+,Er3+ can be detected by upconversion luminescence as a novel non-contact approach.
Low voltage, low cost, flexible and balanced ambipolar OFETs based on Br2PTCDI-C18/CuPc fabricated on an Al foil gate substrate with good ambient stability
Authors: Vasimalla Suresh , Subbarao Nimmakayala V. V. , Iyer Parameswar Krishnan
Published: June 2016

Ambipolar OFET devices fabricated with Al foil laminated on a pristine low cost, light-weight OHP flexible sheet showed high ambient and electrical stability, and balanced and improved device characteristics.
CRLH‐SIW‐based leaky wave antenna with low cross‐polarisation for Ku‐band applications
Authors: Zhang Huan , Jiao Yong‐Chang , Zhao Gang , Zhang Chi
Published: June 2016

A novel composite right/left‐handed substrate integrated waveguide (SIW)‐based leaky wave antenna (LWA) is proposed. Square‐ring‐slot radiators are adopted to introduce series capacitor as well as the energy leakage, and four grounded vias within the slot ring contribute to part of the shunt inductor. Moreover, low cross‐polarisation levels in the beam scanning plane are achieved due to the differential excitations of the radiators located along the centre line of the SIW working at TE10 mode. The antenna is fabricated and measured. Both simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna is a balanced LWA operating in the frequency band 13.5–17.8 GHz. Continuous beam scanning characteristic is acquired within the scanning region −57° to +30°. In addition, low cross‐polarisation levels less than −27 dB are obtained, and measured results are in good agreement with simulated ones.
Relay selection for secrecy improvement in cognitive amplify‐and‐forward relay networks against multiple eavesdroppers
Authors: Ding Xiaojin , Song Tiecheng , Zou Yulong , Chen Xiaoshu
Published: June 2016

In this study, the authors investigate the physical‐layer security in a cognitive amplify‐and‐forward relay network consisting of a secondary transmitter (ST) and a secondary destination (SD) with the aid of multiple secondary relays (SRs) in the face of multiple eavesdroppers. In cognitive radio networks, increasing transmit power may not always be beneficial in terms of improving the channel capacity of cognitive transmissions, which would not only cause an extra interference to primary user, but also enhance the possibility of successfully intercepting the cognitive transmissions at an eavesdropper because an improved signal strength is received in this case. The authors propose two relay selection schemes to improve the physical‐layer security of cognitive transmissions against eavesdropping attacks, which are referred to as the global and partial channel state information based relay selection, denoted by GCSIbRS and PCSIbRS, respectively. The authors analyse the intercept probability of the proposed GCSIbRS and PCSIbRS, as well as the traditional round‐robin and all‐relay transmission schemes. It is shown that the proposed GCSIbRS and PCSIbRS schemes both outperform the conventional round‐robin and all‐relay schemes in terms of their intercept probability performance.
Multi‐terminal medium voltage DC grids fault location and isolation
Authors: Monadi Mehdi , Koch‐Ciobotaru Cosmin , Luna Alvaro , Ignacio Candela Jose , Rodriguez Pedro
Published: June 2016

Voltage source converters (VSCs) are highly vulnerable to DC fault current; thus, protection is one of the most important concerns associated with the implementation of multi‐terminal VSC‐based DC networks. This study proposes a protection strategy for medium voltage DC distribution systems. The strategy consists of a communication‐assisted fault location method and a fault isolation scheme that provides an economic, fast and selective protection by means of using the minimum number of DC circuit breakers. This study also introduces a backup protection which is activated if communication network fails. The effectiveness of the proposed protection strategy is analysed through real‐time simulation studies by use of the hardware‐in‐the‐loop approach. Furthermore, the effects of fault isolation process on the connected loads are also investigated. The results show that the proposed strategy can effectively protect multi‐terminal DC distribution networks and VSC stations against different types of faults.
Optimal demand side management by distributed and secured energy commitment framework
Authors: Chakraborty Shantanu , Okabe Toshiya
Published: June 2016

This study introduces a demand‐side distributed and secured energy commitment framework and operations for a power producer and supplier (PPS) in deregulated environment. Due to the diversity of geographical location as well as customers’ energy profile coupled with high number of customers, managing energy transactions and resulting energy exchanges are challenging for a PPS. The envisioned PPS maintains several aggregators (e.g. microgrids), named as sub service provider (SSP) that manage customers/subscribers under their domains. The SSPs act as agents that perform local energy matching (inside their domains) and distributed energy matching within SSPs to determine the energy commitment. The goal of the distributed energy matching is to reduce the involvement of external energy supplier (e.g. Utility) while providing a platform to demand side players to be a part of energy transaction. A distributed assignment problem is designed that requires minimum and aggregated information exchange (hence, secured) and solved by linear programming that provides the distributed matching decision. The communicative burden among SSPs due to the exchange of energy information is reduced by applying an adaptive coalition formation method. The simulations are conducted by implementing a synchronous distributed matching algorithm while showing the effectiveness of the proposed framework.
Fast electromagnetic transient simulation for over‐voltages of transmission line by high order Radau method and V‐transformation
Authors: Wang Fangzong , Yang Meng
Published: June 2016

To improve the computational efficiency of electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation in power system, as well as avoid the numerical oscillation, the high order Radau method is proposed for EMT simulation in this study. For solving the differential equation in EMT simulation effectively, the high order Radau method uses its weighting coefficient matrix satisfying the important V ‐transformation feature to make the relevant high dimension linear algebraic equation decoupled into blocks in time domain, then forms the multi‐stage block recursive method. Because of this technology, in every integration step, the variable value at each different internal point can be calculated simultaneously. On this basis, bigger integration step can be selected to improve the computational speed when carrying out EMT simulation since the high order Radau method is of high computational accuracy. Besides, because this method is both L‐stable and B‐stable, it can be free of numerical oscillation in EMT simulation effectively. Finally, the validity of this high order Radau method has been demonstrated compared with critical damping adjustment by implementing EMT simulation of transmission line.
Linear coefficient function based control approach for single stage SPV system integrated to three phase distribution system
Authors: Kumar Shailendra , Singh Bhim
Published: June 2016

This study proposes a single stage solar photovoltaic (SPV) system utilising a linear coefficient function (LCF) based control approach. The main aim is to develop a cost effective, reliable and efficient SPV system. For estimation of peak power from the SPV array, an adaptive perturb & observe based approach is utilised. Whereas, to control the gating signals of the voltage source converter, a linear coefficient function based approach is used. The proposed system injects the estimated power from the SPV array to the grid. Moreover, it is also used for mitigation of harmonics of the load current, unity power factor operation and load balancing. The proposed SPV system has used a SPV feed forward term to reduce the burden on the proportional integral controller and improves the dynamic response under atmospheric changes. The SPV system is modelled and experimentally verified the control under different operating conditions.
Hybrid modular multilevel converter based multi‐terminal DC/DC converter with minimised full‐bridge submodules ratio considering DC fault isolation
Authors: Suo Zhiwen , Li Gengyin , Xu Lie , Li Rui , Wang Weisheng , Chi Yongning
Published: June 2016

An isolated high‐power multi‐terminal DC/DC converter is studied in this paper, based on hybrid modular multilevel converter configuration consisting of full‐bridge submodules (FBSMs) and half‐bridge submodules. To decrease the investment and power losses, a reduced arm FBSMs ratio (<0.5) scheme is adopted. A detailed analysis on the relationship of the DC/DC converter inner AC voltage and the arm FBSMs ratio under reduced DC voltage is presented. Based on this, a control strategy during DC fault is proposed which continues operating the converter connected to the faulty DC side with reactive current absorption. Under the same arm FBSMs ratio, compared to the conventional strategy of blocking the faulty side converter during a DC fault, the proposed unblocking method with reactive current injection can not only achieve greater DC fault current declining rate, but also ensure maximum power transfer between the interconnected healthy DC grids by maintaining a higher inner AC voltage in the DC/DC converter. The two strategies are compared and validated by simulations using PSCAD/EMTDC under different arm FBSMs ratio.
Speed control of sensorless induction generator by artificial neural network in wind energy conversion system
Authors: Merabet Adel , Tanvir Aman A. , Beddek Karim
Published: June 2016

This study presents a new strategy for estimating the states (rotor flux and speed) and the load torque to implement a multivariable controller for a sensorless three‐phase squirrel‐cage induction machine in wind energy conversion systems. The multivariable control is carried out using input–output feedback law and its objective is to track profiles of the rotational speed and the rotor flux amplitude. The state estimation considerably improves the performance of rotor flux based model reference adaptive system in the variable speed region of operation. The technique uses Kalman filter as a rotor flux observer and an artificial neural network adaption mechanism to estimate the rotor speed. The state estimation requires only the measurements of the stator voltages and currents. The estimation method, for both states and torque, is not invasive as no mechanical sensors are needed. The wind energy conversion system and the proposed control‐estimation techniques are simulated in Matlab/Simulink software platform and tested using the OPAL‐RT real‐time simulator (OP5600) to verify the accuracy of the proposed control‐estimation method.
Parameter estimation for compound‐Gaussian clutter with inverse‐Gaussian texture
Authors: Mezache Amar , Bentoumi Ahmed , Sahed Mohamed
Published: June 2016

This study deals with the estimation problem of the inverse‐Gaussian (IG)–compound‐Gaussian (CG) distributed clutter parameters. Under the assumption of the absence of thermal noise, non‐integer moments, log‐moments and maximum‐likelihood‐based approaches are employed for model parameter estimation in the cases of single pulse and non‐coherent integration of N pulses. The forms of the non‐integer‐order moments estimator and the [z log(z)] estimator are derived in terms of the Bessel and the exponential–integral functions, respectively. These formulas maintain monotonic nature over all values of the ratio between the shape parameter and the mean clutter power. For a single look data, the ML estimate combined with the mean clutter power is constructed in one dimension search for the shape parameter. By accommodating the mean square error metric, the estimation assessments are investigated via simulated and real data. Authors’ results illustrate that the derived non‐integer‐order moments estimator is asymptotically efficient for the IG–CG distributed clutter parameters particularly in heavy tailed clutter situations.
Low-thrust Lyapunov to Lyapunov and Halo to Halo missions with L2-minimization
Authors: Chupin Maxime , Haberkorn Thomas , Trélat Emmanuel
Published: June 2016

In this work, we develop a new method to design energy minimum low-thrust missions (L2-minimization). In the Circular Restricted Three Body Problem, the knowledge of invariant manifolds helps us initialize an indirect method solving a transfer mission between periodic Lyapunov orbits. Indeed, using the PMP, the optimal control problem is solved using Newton-like algorithms finding the zero of a shooting function. To compute a Lyapunov to Lyapunov mission, we first compute an admissible trajectory using a heteroclinic orbit between the two periodic orbits. It is then used to initialize a multiple shooting method in order to release the constraint. We finally optimize the terminal points on the periodic orbits. Moreover, we use continuation methods on position and on thrust, in order to gain robustness. A more general Halo to Halo mission, with different energies, is computed in the last section without heteroclinic orbits but using invariant manifolds to initialize shooting methods with a similar approach.
Unterschiede in der Morbidität nach Krankenversichertenstatus im Alter
Authors: Hajek A. , Bock J.-O. , Saum K.-U. , Schöttker B. , Brenner H. , Heider D. , König H.-H.
Published: June 2016

Ziel der Studie: Es fehlen bislang Studien, die Morbiditätsunterschiede zwischen GKV und PKV in der älteren Bevölkerung untersuchen. Ziel dieser Studie ist es daher, Unterschiede in der Morbidität zwischen den Versicherten der GKV und PKV im Alter aufzudecken.

Methodik: Es wurden Daten von 2 Follow-Up-Wellen mit einem Abstand von 3 Jahren herangezogen. Diese basieren auf einer bevölkerungsbezogenen Kohortenstudie (ESTHER Studie) im Saarland. Die Morbidität wurde durch Hausarztangaben mit einem generischen Instrument (Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics) erfasst. Zur Schätzung wurde der Between-Schätzer herangezogen, der ausschließlich die Variation zwischen den Individuen quantifiziert. Dabei wurde im Basismodell neben dem Versichertenstatus für das Geschlecht und das Alter kontrolliert. In weiteren Modellen wurde sukzessive ebenfalls für Schulbildung, den Familienstand und das Einkommen kontrolliert.

Ergebnisse: Während in den Spezifikationen ohne Berücksichtigung des Einkommens beträchtliche Unterschiede in der Morbidität zwischen PKV- und GKV-Versicherten erkennbar waren, mindert sich dieser Effekt unter Kontrolle des Einkommens stark und war bei Männern nicht mehr signifikant.

Schlussfolgerung: Zu einem bedeutenden Teil können existierende Morbiditätsunterschiede zwischen Versicherten der GKV und PKV durch Einkommensunterschiede zwischen den beiden Gruppen erklärt werden. Dies zeigt die große Bedeutung der Ausgestaltung des Modells bei der Untersuchung von Morbiditätsunterschieden zwischen GKV und PKV auf.
How do Requirements Evolve over Time? A Case Study Investigating the Role of Context and Experiences in the Evolution of Enterprise Software Requirements
Authors: Schneider Stephan , Wollersheim Jan , Krcmar Helmut , Sunyaev Ali
Published: June 2016

In recent years, organizations have increasingly sourced cloud-based enterprise software (ES). Although comprehensively capturing organizations’ requirements considerably affects the success of an ES sourcing project, little is known about how requirements evolve beyond the implementation. We conduct a longitudinal, exploratory single-case study of the life cycle of cloud-based ES in a medium-sized organization. Over 5 years, we trace the evolution of requirements throughout the ES life cycle, beginning with the initial adoption decision and ending with considerations to retire the ES. We develop a process theory that explains how requirements evolve beyond ES implementation and throughout its life cycle. We isolate nine mechanisms that explain how contextual factors and experiences are intertwined and shape the evolution of requirements. We then develop seven propositions that explain how sourcing cloud-based ES alters the mechanisms that shape the evolution of requirements. Our findings emphasize that the evolution of requirements for cloud-based ES follows similar mechanisms to that of the requirements for on-premises ES but changes how particular mechanisms manifest. Sourcing cloud-based ES changes the influence of business divisions in acquisition and configuration activities, the role of upgrade and customization procedures, and the influence of the ES’ ecosystem.
Contribution of apigenin di-C-glycosides and lutein to the colour of yellow alkaline noodles
Authors: Wijaya Grace Y. , Ingram Clare , Asenstorfer Robert E. , Mares Daryl J.
Published: June 2016

The colour of Asian yellow alkaline noodles is an important indicator of quality and influences consumer choice. Apigenin di-C-glycosides (ACGs) and lutein present in wheat flour have been reported to contribute to the yellow colour; however, their relative roles have not been quantified. This study was conducted to quantify the contribution of ACGs to the part of the yellow colour that develops in the presence of alkaline salts and to assess the potential for improving colour.
Whereas lutein is present in all grain tissues, ACGs are concentrated in the embryo. Significant genetic variation was apparent for ACG content, but there was no significant correlation between grain content and the amount recovered in milled flour. The yellow colour caused by the reaction of flour constituents with alkali was estimated to be ~5–6 b* units or ~22–27% of total yellow colour. However, only 1–2 units (5–10% of total yellow colour) could be attributed to ACGs, suggesting that a significant portion of the yellow colour of alkaline noodles is due to other unidentified factors or compounds.
Physiological and molecular characterisation of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) germplasm with improved seedling freezing tolerance
Authors: Anower M. Rokebul , Fennell Anne , Boe Arvid , Mott Ivan W. , Peel Michael D. , Wu Yajun
Published: June 2016

We conducted greenhouse experiments to compare 14 lucerne (alfalfa, Medicago sativa L.) germplasms for their survival following freezing. Some are collections adapted to the Grand River National Grasslands in South Dakota. We hypothesised that these collections might have developed a tolerance to survive the frigid growth conditions common there. Two of these collections, River side (RS) and Foster ranch (FR), showed greater freezing tolerance than the other germplasms tested, based on their consistent survival rates with or without cold acclimation. In multiple freezing studies, RS and FR had average survival rates of 74% and 79%, respectively, in contrast to the commercial cultivars Apica and CUF-101 (CUF) (64% and 24%, respectively). The average temperature at which 50% of ions in plant tissues leak out (LT50) by freezing based on leaf electrolyte leakage was closely correlated with survival rates. Leaf LT50 improved 2–3-fold after 3 days of cold acclimation, based on leaf electrolyte leakage analysis, reaching −18°C, –9.6°C, –8.5°C, and −5°C for RS, FR, Apica, and CUF, respectively. Comparison of total soluble sugars and relative water content in shoots before and after cold acclimation showed that they were not well correlated with freezing tolerance and could not explain the superior responses of RS and FR during cold acclimation. Transcript analysis of cold-responsive MsCBF1, MsCBF2 and CAS15B genes showed that RS, FR, Apica and CUF exhibited distinct patterns of cold induction. Although RS, FR and Apica showed a rapid or greater increase in expression level of one or two of these genes, CUF showed only a moderate induction in MsCBF2 and CAS15B transcripts, suggesting that expression of these genes may be a good molecular marker for freezing tolerance in lucerne. The findings provide evidence that freezing tolerance in lucerne is a complex trait and that a combination of different mechanisms may greatly improve freezing tolerance. RS and FR are potential resources in breeding for improving freezing tolerance in lucerne.
Nitrogen fertiliser requirements of high-yielding irrigated transgenic cotton
Authors: Rochester Ian J. , Bange Michael
Published: June 2016

Nitrogen (N) fertiliser is almost universally used in high-yielding irrigated cotton, but it is not used efficiently in many instances. Predicting the economic optimal amount of N fertiliser is difficult and often little N fertiliser is required where situations have provided access to N through excessive N fertiliser being applied to previous cotton crops, conditions promoting significant N mineralisation, or if legume rotation crops were grown. The economic optimum N fertiliser rate (Nopt – where the marginal cost of N fertiliser (at $1.50 kg–1 N) equalled the return on cotton lint (at $2.20 kg–1) was determined in eight experiments conducted over 8 years; Nopt ranged from 0 to 248 kg N ha–1, lint yields ranged from 1.3 to 3.4 t ha–1, crop N uptake ranged from 96 to 321 kg N ha–1 and apparent N fertiliser recovery (calculated by dividing the difference in crop N uptake between N-fertilised and unfertilised plots by the N fertiliser applied) ranged from 20% to 98% of N applied. A positive response to N fertiliser application in lint yield was evident in 7 of the 8 years. Both lint yield and crop N uptake were positively correlated with pre-sowing soil nitrate concentration. Cotton that yielded 1.4 t lint ha–1 derived 78% of crop N from the soil, whereas at 3.4 t lint ha–1, 69% of crop N was derived from soil; this indicated the importance of N supplied from the soil and the relatively lesser reliance on the N fertiliser applied, even for very high-yielding cotton. A multiple regression model, using the parameters of pre-sowing soil nitrate, crop N uptake and lint yield, more accurately represented the data generated in this study in estimating the economic optimum N fertiliser rate (r2 = 0.80).
Quality potential of synthetic-derived commercial wheat cultivars in south-western China
Authors: Tang Y. L. , Li C. S. , Yang W. Y. , Wu Y. Q. , Wu X. L. , Wu C. , Ma X. L. , Li S. Z. , Rosewarne G. M.
Published: June 2016

Multi-environment trials were conducted to investigate the quality potential of synthetic-derived cultivars (SDCs) and non-synthetic-derived cultivars (NSCs) in south-western China. The environmental effect was greater than genotypic for most protein quantity and quality parameters. The genotype effect was greater for falling number and the parameters from the rapid visco analyser (RVA). In terms of group means, grain protein content, wet gluten content, falling number, and RVA parameters were all significantly lower in SDCs than NSCs. No differences in the parameters reflecting dough strength (Zeleny sedimentation volume and farinograph parameters) were found between the two groups. Significant differences existed within each group, and the degree of variation was especially great in SDCs, among which Chuanmai 104 performed well in various quality parameters. Germination index at physiological maturity varied greatly among cultivars, with the lowest being Chuanmai 104, and the SDCs significantly lower than the NSCs. Although delayed harvest resulted in a significant reduction in falling number, partial SDCs such as Chuanmai 104 and Chuanmai 42 expressed relatively small reductions. In summary, SDCs exhibit a higher degree of variation in quality parameters; these findings indicate their large potential for breeding high-quality cultivars in south-western China.
Concise Lexicon for Sign Linguistics
Authors: Nijen Twilhaar Jan , van den Bogaerde Beppie
Published: June 2016

This extensive, well-researched and clearly formatted lexicon of a wide variety of linguistic terms is a long overdue. It is an extremely welcome addition to the bookshelves of sign language teachers, interpreters, linguists, learners and other sign language users, and of course of the Deaf themselves.
Unique to this lexicon is not only the inclusion of many terms that are used especially for sign languages, but also the fact that for the terms, there are not only examples from spoken languages but there are also glossed and translated examples from several different sign languages.
There are many interesting features to this lexicon. There is an immediate temptation to find examples of terms in the sign language one is studying as well as determining how many of the most used concepts would be signed in the local language. As there are to date still almost no reference grammars of sign languages, the definitions of many of these concepts would be extremely helpful for those linguists planning to make a reference grammar of their sign language.