bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethnic Differences in the Prevalence of High Homocysteine Levels Among Low-Income Rural Kazakh and Uyghur Adults in Far Western China and Its Implications for Preventive Public Health
Authors: Guo Shuxia , Pang Hongrui , Guo Heng , Zhang Mei , He Jia , Yan Yizhong , Niu Qiang , Muratbek  , Rui Dongsheng , Li Shugang , Ma Rulin , Zhang Jingyu , Liu Jiaming , Ding Yusong
Published: May 2015

Objective: Homocysteine (Hcy) is a relevant biomarker of vascular disease: serum Hcy concentrations will increase the risk of systolic hypertension, whereas hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) has a synergistic effect with hypertension and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, information has primarily been gathered from high-income and urban settings, and little is known regarding low-income rural settings. This study focused on a low-income rural and nomadic minority residing in far western China. Hcy levels were tested, and the prevalences of HHcy and H-type hypertension were investigated in this population. Methods: This study used a stratified cluster random sampling method, selecting 2,180 individuals as subjects from Kazakh and Uyghur inhabitants (≥25 years old) of 18 villages in Xinjiang, China, which is approximately 4407 km from the capital, Beijing. Hcy levels were determined using a double reagent enzymatic cycling method. HHcy (Hcy > 10 μmol/L) was defined by the criteria of the American Heart Association. Results: The Kazakh geometrical mean of Hcy was 13.34 μmol/L, and the Uyghur mean was 13.75 μmol/L; the mean values were higher in males than in females of both ethnicities (15.99 μmol/L vs. 11.63 μmol/L; 15.71 μmol/L vs. 11.91 μmol/L, respectively, p < 0.01). The serum levels of Hcy increased with increasing age in both ethnicities, and except for Kazakh individuals >65 years old, Hcy serum levels were higher in males than in females in all age groups of both ethnicities, with a p value less than 0.01. The Kazakh prevalence of HHcy was 80.0%, and the Uyghur prevalence was 78.2%; the male prevalence was higher than that in females for both ethnicities (93.5% vs. 69.6%; 90.8% vs. 64.6%, respectively, p < 0.05). Among the Kazakh, the prevalence of hypertension was 35.1%, and the prevalence was higher in males than in females (44.3% vs. 28.1%, p < 0.001); 87.6% of the Kazakh individuals had H-type hypertension, and the prevalence was higher in males than in females (95.0% vs. 80.0%, p < 0.05). In Uyghur, the prevalence of hypertension was 30.6%, and the prevalence was higher in males than in females (37.9% vs. 22.8%, p < 0.001); 88.0% of the Uyghur individuals had H-type hypertension, and the prevalence was higher in males than in females (93.9% vs. 79.1%, p < 0.05). Conclusions: HHcy was found to be common among the Kazakh and Uyghur. The prevalences of HHcy and H-type hypertension were high among both ethnicities and differed depending on gender and age. Community interventions should be conducted to improve public health conditions among the Kazakh and Uyghur in Xinjiang.
Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Glutathione-Capped CdTe/CdSe Near-Infrared Quantum Dots for Cell Imaging
Authors: Chen Xiaogang , Li Liang , Lai Yongxian , Yan Jianna , Tang Yichen , Wang Xiuli
Published: May 2015

These glutathione (GSH)-conjugated CdTe/CdSe core/shell quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles in aqueous solution were synthesized using a microwave-assisted approach. The prepared type II core/shell QD nanoparticles were characterized by UV–Vis absorption, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). Results revealed that the QD nanoparticles exhibited good dispersity, a uniform size distribution and tunable fluorescence emission in the near-infrared (NIR) region. In addition, these nanoparticles exhibited good biocompatibility and photoluminescence in cell imaging. In particular, this type of core/shell NIR QDs may have potential applications in molecular imaging.
Proteogenomic Analysis Identifies a Novel Human SHANK3 Isoform
Authors: Benthani Fahad , Tran Phuong , Currey Nicola , Ng Irvin , Giry-Laterriere Marc , Carey Louise , Kohonen-Corish Maija , Pangon Laurent
Published: May 2015

Mutations of the SHANK3 gene have been associated with autism spectrum disorder. Individuals harboring different SHANK3 mutations display considerable heterogeneity in their cognitive impairment, likely due to the high SHANK3 transcriptional diversity. In this study, we report a novel interaction between the Mutated in colorectal cancer (MCC) protein and a newly identified SHANK3 protein isoform in human colon cancer cells and mouse brain tissue. Hence, our proteogenomic analysis identifies a new human long isoform of the key synaptic protein SHANK3 that was not predicted by the human reference genome. Taken together, our findings describe a potential new role for MCC in neurons, a new human SHANK3 long isoform and, importantly, highlight the use of proteomic data towards the re-annotation of GC-rich genomic regions.
Hypothalamic-Pituitary Autoimmunity and Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Guaraldi Federica , Grottoli Silvia , Arvat Emanuela , Ghigo Ezio
Published: May 2015

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of secondary hypopituitarism in children and adults, and is responsible for impaired quality of life, disabilities and compromised development. Alterations of pituitary function can occur at any time after the traumatic event, presenting in various ways and evolving during time, so they require appropriate screening for early detection and treatment. Although the exact pathophysiology is unknown, several mechanisms have been hypothesized, including hypothalamic-pituitary autoimmunity (HP-A). The aim of this study was to systematically review literature on the association between HP-A and TBI-induced hypopituitarism. Major pitfalls related to the HP-A investigation were also discussed. Methods: The PubMed database was searched with a string developed for this purpose, without temporal or language limits, for original articles assessing the association of HP-A and TBI-induced hypopituitarism. Results: Three articles from the same group met the inclusion criteria. Anti-pituitary and anti-hypothalamic antibodies were detected using indirect immunofluorescence in a significant number of patients with acute and chronic TBI. Elevated antibody titer was associated with an increased risk of persistent hypopituitarism, especially somatotroph and gonadotroph deficiency, while no correlations were found with clinical parameters. Conclusion: HPA seems to contribute to TBI-induced pituitary damage, although major methodological issues need to be overcome and larger studies are warranted to confirm these preliminary data.
Can the Global Adoption of Genetically Improved Farmed Fish Increase Beyond 10%, and How?
Authors: Olesen Ingrid , Bentsen Hans , Phillips Michael , Ponzoni Raul
Published: May 2015

The annual production from global aquaculture has increased rapidly from 2.6 million tons or 3.9% of the total supply of fish, shellfish and mollusks in 1970, to 66.7 million tons or 42.2% in 2012, while capture fisheries have more or less leveled out at about 90 million tons per year since the turn of the century. Consequently, the future seafood supply is likely to depend on a further increase of aquaculture production. Unlike terrestrial animal farming, less than 10% of the aquaculture production comes from domesticated and selectively bred farm stocks. This situation has substantial consequences in terms of poorer resource efficiency, poorer product quality and poorer animal welfare. The history of biological and technical challenges when establishing selective breeding programs for aquaculture is discussed, and it is concluded that most aquaculture species may now be domesticated and improved by selection. However, the adoption of selective breeding in aquaculture is progressing slowly. This paper reports on a study carried out in 2012 to identify key issues to address in promoting the development of genetically improved aquaculture stocks. The study involved semi structured interviews of 34 respondents from different sectors of the aquaculture society in East and Southeast Asia, where 76% of the global aquaculture production is located. Based on the interviews and literature review, three key factors are identified: (i) long-term public commitment is often needed for financial support of the breeding nucleus operation (at least during the first five to ten generations of selection); (ii) training at all levels (from government officers and university staff to breeding nucleus and hatchery operators, as well as farmers); and (iii) development of appropriate business models for benefit sharing between the breeding, multiplier and grow-out operators (whether being public, cooperative or private operations). The public support should be invested in efforts of selective breeding on the most important and highest volume species, which may not be a priority for investment by private breeders due to, for instance, long generation intervals and delays in return to investment.
Effect of Refractive Index of Substrate on Fabrication and Optical Properties of Hybrid Au-Ag Triangular Nanoparticle Arrays
Authors: Liu Jing , Chen Yushan , Cai Haoyuan , Chen Xiaoyi , Li Changwei , Yang Cheng-Fu
Published: May 2015

In this study, the nanosphere lithography (NSL) method was used to fabricate hybrid Au-Ag triangular periodic nanoparticle arrays. The Au-Ag triangular periodic arrays were grown on different substrates, and the effect of the refractive index of substrates on fabrication and optical properties was systematically investigated. At first, the optical spectrum was simulated by the discrete dipole approximation (DDA) numerical method as a function of refractive indexes of substrates and mediums. Simulation results showed that as the substrates had the refractive indexes of 1.43 (quartz) and 1.68 (SF5 glass), the nanoparticle arrays would have better refractive index sensitivity (RIS) and figure of merit (FOM). Simulation results also showed that the peak wavelength of the extinction spectra had a red shift when the medium’s refractive index n increased. The experimental results also demonstrated that when refractive indexes of substrates were 1.43 and 1.68, the nanoparticle arrays and substrate had better adhesive ability. Meanwhile, we found the nanoparticles formed a large-scale monolayer array with the hexagonally close-packed structure. Finally, the hybrid Au-Ag triangular nanoparticle arrays were fabricated on quartz and SF5 glass substrates and their experiment extinction spectra were compared with the simulated results.
Bioactive Metabolites from Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus sp. 16-5B
Authors: Liu Yayue , Chen Senhua , Liu Zhaoming , Lu Yongjun , Xia Guoping , Liu Hongju , He Lei , She Zhigang
Published: May 2015

Chemical investigation of the endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. 16-5B cultured on Czapek’s medium led to the isolation of four new metabolites, aspergifuranone (1), isocoumarin derivatives (±) 2 and (±) 3, and (R)-3-demethylpurpurester A (4), together with the known purpurester B (5) and pestaphthalides A (6). Their structures were determined by analysis of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of Compound 1 was determined by comparison of the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra, and that of Compound 4 was revealed by comparing its optical rotation data and CD with those of the literature. The structure of Compound 6 was further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiment using CuKα radiation. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities, and Compound 1 showed significant inhibitory activity with IC50 value of 9.05 ± 0.60 μM. Kinetic analysis showed that Compound 1 was a noncompetitive inhibitor of α-glucosidase. Compounds 2 and 6 exhibited moderate inhibitory activities.
Novel SU-8/Ionic Liquid Composite for Tribological Coatings and MEMS
Authors: Batooli Leili , Maldonado Sandra , Judelewicz Moshe , Mischler Stefano
Published: May 2015

Tribology of SU-8 polymer is increasingly relevant due to bursting use of this material in a variety of applications. This study is directed towards introduction and investigation of a novel self-lubricating composite of an ionic liquid (IL) in SU-8. The new material can be utilized for fabrication of lubricating polymer coating with tunable surface properties or SU8-made elements for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) with enhanced tribological performance. It is shown that addition of IL drastically alters water affinity of the composite while UV patternability remains unmodified. A lower coefficient of friction and wear has been obtained for two investigated compositions with 4 and 10 wt % ionic liquid.
Testing of Ore Comminution Behavior in the Geometallurgical Context—A Review
Authors: Mwanga Abdul , Rosenkranz Jan , Lamberg Pertti
Published: May 2015

Comminution tests are an important element in the proper design of ore beneficiation plants. In the past, test work has been conducted for particular representative reference samples. Within geometallurgy the entire ore body is explored in order to further identify the variation within the resource and to establish spatial geometallurgical domains that show the differential response to mineral processing. Setting up a geometallurgical program for an ore deposit requires extensive test work. Methods for testing the comminution behavior must therefore be more efficient in terms of time and cost but also with respect to sample requirements. The integration of the test method into the geometallurgical modeling framework is also important. This paper provides an overview of standard comminution test methods used for the investigation of ore comminution behavior and evaluates their applicability and potential in the geometallurgical context.
Chemistry and Biological Activity of Ramalina Lichenized Fungi
Authors: Moreira Antônio , Braz-Filho Raimundo , Mussi-Dias Vicente , Vieira Ivo
Published: May 2015

Lichens are a form of symbiont between a fungus and an alga or cyanobacterium, which contains a wide variety of organic compounds with certain secondary metabolite classes typical of these organisms. The Ramalina genus has approximately 246 species distributed around the World, of which in this review approximately 118 species with published chemical or biological activity studies of extracts or isolated compounds were cited. From the 153 mentioned compounds, only 27 passed were tested for biological activity, being usnic acid the most studied compound and the one showing the best results in almost all in vitro tests performed, although other compounds also presented excellent results as antimicrobial, antitumor and anti-inflammatory agents, among others. Extracts of several species also presented significant results in performed biological tests, demonstrating the potential that these organisms have, in particular, the gender Ramalina, to produce bioactive molecules that can be used as a model for the production of pharmaceuticals.
S4MPLE—Sampler for Multiple Protein-Ligand Entities: Methodology and Rigid-Site Docking Benchmarking
Authors: Hoffer Laurent , Chira Camelia , Marcou Gilles , Varnek Alexandre , Horvath Dragos
Published: May 2015

This paper describes the development of the unified conformational sampling and docking tool called Sampler for Multiple Protein-Ligand Entities (S4MPLE). The main novelty in S4MPLE is the unified dealing with intra- and intermolecular degrees of freedom (DoF). While classically programs are either designed for folding or docking, S4MPLE transcends this artificial specialization. It supports folding, docking of a flexible ligand into a flexible site and simultaneous docking of several ligands. The trick behind it is the formal assimilation of inter-molecular to intra-molecular DoF associated to putative inter-molecular contact axes. This is implemented within the genetic operators powering a Lamarckian Genetic Algorithm (GA). Further novelty includes differentiable interaction fingerprints to control population diversity, and fitting a simple continuum solvent model and favorable contact bonus terms to the AMBER/GAFF force field. Novel applications—docking of fragment-like compounds, simultaneous docking of multiple ligands, including free crystallographic waters—were published elsewhere. This paper discusses: (a) methodology, (b) set-up of the force field energy functions and (c) their validation in classical redocking tests. More than 80% success in redocking was achieved (RMSD of top-ranked pose < 2.0 Å).
Characterization of Anthocyanins in Perilla frutescens var. acuta Extract by Advanced UPLC-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn Method and Their Anticancer Bioactivity
Authors: He Yan-Kang , Yao You-Yuan , Chang Ya-Ning
Published: May 2015

The anthocyanin extract from a domestic Perilla cultivar (Perilla frutescens var. acuta) were isolated and characterized with high mass accuracy and multi-dimensional fragmentation by means of ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and electrospray ionization-ion trap-time of flight mass spectrometry analysis (ESI-IT-TOF-MSn). The new developed and applied LC-MS method focused on in-depth screening of anthocyanin compounds with similar structures which also provided a new approach of anthocyanin characterization without the use of external standards. Selective detection of interested anthocyanins was achieved utilizing extracted ion chromatogram (EIC) analysis, while MSn spectra were recorded to allow identification of the anthocyanin based on characteristic fragmentation patterns. Seven anthocyanins including one feruloyl (Cyanidin 3-O-feruloylglucoside-5-O-glucoside), two caffeoyl (Cyanidin 3-O-caffeoylglucoside-5-O-glucoside, Cyanidin 3-O-caffeoylglucoside-5-O-malonylglucoside) and four coumaroyl substituted anthocyanins (Cis-shisonin, Malonyl-cis-shisonin, Shisonin, and Malonyl-shisonin) were identified. Annexin-V FITC/PI flow cytometric assay was performed to analyze the influence of anthocyanin extract of P. frutescens var. acuta on cell apoptosis. The results suggested that Perilla anthocyanins can induce Hela cell apoptosis by a dose dependent manner.
Phosphorothioate DNA Stabilized Fluorescent Gold and Silver Nanoclusters
Authors: Weadick Daniel , Liu Juewen
Published: May 2015

Unmodified single-stranded DNA has recently gained popularity for the templated synthesis of fluorescent noble metal nanoclusters (NCs). Bright, stable, and biocompatible clusters have been developed primarily through optimization of DNA sequence. However, DNA backbone modifications have not yet been investigated. In this work, phosphorothioate (PS) DNAs are evaluated in the synthesis of Au and Ag nanoclusters, and are employed to successfully template a novel emitter using T15 DNA at neutral pH. Mechanistic studies indicate a distinct UV-dependent formation mechanism that does not occur through the previously reported thymine N3. The positions of PS substitution have been optimized. This is the first reported use of a T15 template at physiological pH for AgNCs.
Improved Blood Biomarkers but No Cognitive Effects from 16 Weeks of Multivitamin Supplementation in Healthy Older Adults
Authors: Harris Elizabeth , Macpherson Helen , Pipingas Andrew
Published: May 2015

Supplementation with vitamins, minerals and phytonutrients may be beneficial for cognition, especially in older adults. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of multivitamin supplementation in older adults on cognitive function and associated blood biomarkers. In a randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled trial, healthy women (n = 68) and men (n = 48) aged 55–65 years were supplemented daily for 16 weeks with women’s and men’s formula multivitamin supplements. Assessments at baseline and post-supplementation included computerised cognitive tasks and blood biomarkers relevant to cognitive aging. No cognitive improvements were observed after supplementation with either formula; however, several significant improvements were observed in blood biomarkers including increased levels of vitamins B6 and B12 in women and men; reduced C-reactive protein in women; reduced homocysteine and marginally reduced oxidative stress in men; as well as improvements to the lipid profile in men. In healthy older people, multivitamin supplementation improved a number of blood biomarkers that are relevant to cognition, but these biomarker changes were not accompanied by improved cognitive function.
Impact of Environmental Factors on Legionella Populations in Drinking Water
Authors: Schwake David , Alum Absar , Abbaszadegan Morteza
Published: May 2015

To examine the impact of environmental factors on Legionella in drinking water distribution systems, the growth and survival of Legionella under various conditions was studied. When incubated in tap water at 4 °C, 25 °C, and 32 °C, L. pneumophila survival trends varied amongst the temperatures, with the stable populations maintained for months at 25 °C and 32 °C demonstrating that survival is possible at these temperatures for extended periods in oligotrophic conditions. After inoculating coupons of PVC, copper, brass, and cast iron, L. pneumophila colonized biofilms formed on each within days to a similar extent, with the exception of cast iron, which contained 1-log less Legionella after 90 days. L. pneumophila spiked in a model drinking water distribution system colonized the system within days. Chlorination of the system had a greater effect on biofilm-associated Legionella concentrations, with populations returning to pre-chlorination levels within six weeks. Biofilms sampled from drinking water meters collected from two areas within central Arizona were analyzed via PCR for the presence of Legionella. Occurrence in only one area indicates that environmental differences in water distribution systems may have an impact on the survival of Legionella. These results document the impact of different environmental conditions on the survival of Legionella in water.
A Wearable Context-Aware ECG Monitoring System Integrated with Built-in Kinematic Sensors of the Smartphone
Authors: Miao Fen , Cheng Yayu , He Yi , He Qingyun , Li Ye
Published: May 2015

Continuously monitoring the ECG signals over hours combined with activity status is very important for preventing cardiovascular diseases. A traditional ECG holter is often inconvenient to carry because it has many electrodes attached to the chest and because it is heavy. This work proposes a wearable, low power context-aware ECG monitoring system integrated built-in kinetic sensors of the smartphone with a self-designed ECG sensor. The wearable ECG sensor is comprised of a fully integrated analog front-end (AFE), a commercial micro control unit (MCU), a secure digital (SD) card, and a Bluetooth module. The whole sensor is very small with a size of only 58 × 50 × 10 mm for wearable monitoring application due to the AFE design, and the total power dissipation in a full round of ECG acquisition is only 12.5 mW. With the help of built-in kinetic sensors of the smartphone, the proposed system can compute and recognize user’s physical activity, and thus provide context-aware information for the continuous ECG monitoring. The experimental results demonstrated the performance of proposed system in improving diagnosis accuracy for arrhythmias and identifying the most common abnormal ECG patterns in different activities. In conclusion, we provide a wearable, accurate and energy-efficient system for long-term and context-aware ECG monitoring without any extra cost on kinetic sensor design but with the help of the widespread smartphone.
Towards the Automatic Scanning of Indoors with Robots
Authors: Adán Antonio , Quintana Blanca , Vázquez Andres , Olivares Alberto , Parra Eduardo , Prieto Samuel
Published: May 2015

This paper is framed in both 3D digitization and 3D data intelligent processing research fields. Our objective is focused on developing a set of techniques for the automatic creation of simple three-dimensional indoor models with mobile robots. The document presents the principal steps of the process, the experimental setup and the results achieved. We distinguish between the stages concerning intelligent data acquisition and 3D data processing. This paper is focused on the first stage. We show how the mobile robot, which carries a 3D scanner, is able to, on the one hand, make decisions about the next best scanner position and, on the other hand, navigate autonomously in the scene with the help of the data collected from earlier scans. After this stage, millions of 3D data are converted into a simplified 3D indoor model. The robot imposes a stopping criterion when the whole point cloud covers the essential parts of the scene. This system has been tested under real conditions indoors with promising results. The future is addressed to extend the method in much more complex and larger scenarios.
Sustainability Assessment of the Natural Gas Industry in China Using Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Dong Xiucheng , Guo Jie , Höök Mikael , Pi Guanglin
Published: May 2015

Under pressure toward carbon emission reduction and air protection, China has accelerated energy restructuring by greatly improving the supply and consumption of natural gas in recent years. However, several issues with the sustainable development of the natural gas industry in China still need in-depth discussion. Therefore, based on the fundamental ideas of sustainable development, industrial development theories and features of the natural gas industry, a sustainable development theory is proposed in this thesis. The theory consists of five parts: resource, market, enterprise, technology and policy. The five parts, which unite for mutual connection and promotion, push the gas industry’s development forward together. Furthermore, based on the theoretical structure, the Natural Gas Industry Sustainability Index in China is established and evaluated via the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method. Finally, a conclusion is reached: that the sustainability of the natural gas industry in China kept rising from 2008 to 2013, mainly benefiting from increasing supply and demand, the enhancement of enterprise profits, technological innovation, policy support and the optimization and reformation of the gas market.
Short Global History of Fountains
Authors: Juuti Petri , Antoniou Georgios , Dragoni Walter , El-Gohary Fatma , De Feo Giovanni , Katko Tapio , Rajala Riikka , Zheng Xiao , Drusiani Renato , Angelakis Andreas
Published: May 2015

Water fountains are part of every human settlement, and historical and mythological stories. They are the source from which life-sustaining water was distributed to people until piped systems started providing fresh tap water inside buildings. In many places, people visit fountains to experience the freshness of running water, to prepare for prayers, or to make a wish. Fountains have also provided water for the people of cities under siege, and purified believers as part of holy rites. The Castalia shrine in Delphi, Greece, for its part, is a spot where various groups of people come to socialize, which greatly improves the quality of their lives. This paper is a look back through the history of fountains in various parts of the world. Experts from various areas have identified the historic, cultural, and ritualistic aspects of fountains and their findings are summarized. The paper concludes by providing a glimpse into the role of fountains in modern society and their continued influence in our lives today.
L’injonction au mariage
Authors: Salcedo Robledo Manuela
Published: May 2015

Au cours de mon enquête qui porte sur les couples binationaux face à la politique d’immigration menée en France depuis une dizaine d’années, j’ai rencontré de nombreux couples de même sexe ou de sexe différent. Ces couples affrontent souvent divers obstacles et épreuves au moment du mariage/pacs ou de la demande de la carte de séjour pour le partenaire étranger. Depuis 2003 et l’arrivée de Nicolas Sarkozy au ministère de l’Intérieur puis à la Présidence, la politique d’immigration est devenue de plus en plus méfiante à l’égard de ces couples. Ils sont soupçonnés de ne pas être amoureux mais intéressés, de vouloir se marier uniquement pour les papiers. Or, les couples binationaux – formés par une personne de nationalité française ou européenne et une personne de nationalité hors de l’espace européen – sont obligés de se marier ou de se pacser s’ils souhaitent vivre ensemble en France et que le partenaire étranger en situation irrégulière soit régularisé. Autrement dit, la vie commune et le mariage ou le pacs donnent la possibilité de plein droit, en théorie 1 , à une carte de séjour « vie privée et familiale » qui permet à la fois de rester en France et d’y travailler. Le dispositif de soupçon, doublé de l’injonction au mariage et à la vie commune, fonctionne ainsi comme un régulateur à la fois du mariage (contrôler les « faux » mariages) et de la sexualité (l’institutionnalisation obligatoire des unions, suivant les normes de l’hétérosexualité reproductive). L’entretien qui va suivre nous plonge dans une trajectoire particulière mais par plusieurs aspects tout à fait ordinaires dans le parcours des couples binationaux. Avec son humour et son franc-parler, Anita nous transmet l’absurdité kafkaïenne de la situation qu’elle vit avec son compagnon.
Les institutions d’accueil de la petite enfance en France
Authors: Marchal Mike
Published: May 2015

Le monde professionnel de la petite enfance est un espace social fortement ségrégé entre les sexes et où la présence des hommes est minoritaire. À travers son parcours d’éducateur de jeunes enfants débuté en crèche parentale et l’expérience de cette ségrégation, l’auteur nous invite à réfléchir aux stéréotypes de genre, qu’ils soient liés au sexe ou à la sexualité, et qui confortent la primauté des mères à investir et performer le souci de l’éducation des enfants, de la même manière qu’ils reconduisent la mise à l’écart des hommes de ce domaine de compétences professionnelles, tout en les confortant à ne pas s’y investir. Cet article est une belle parabole pour regarder de près ce qui se joue également sur la scène domestique.
Carrières déviantes. Stratégies et conséquences du choix d’une vie sans enfant
Authors: Debest Charlotte
Published: May 2015

Les personnes qui font le choix de ne pas avoir d’enfant s’écartent de la norme du « faire famille » et interrogent la réception des normes de la parentalité et de sa place dans la trajectoire de vie des individus. En France, la pression sociale à concevoir est telle que ces trajectoires d’hommes et de femmes qui ne veulent pas avoir d’enfant, apparaissent finalement comme des « carrières déviantes », au sens de Howard Becker. Cependant les femmes restent davantage stigmatisées face à ce « non désir d’enfant » que les hommes.
Que deviennent les arts d’aimer avec le néolibéralisme ?
Authors: Achin Catherine , Roueff Olivier
Published: May 2015

Michel Feher est philosophe, cofondateur des éditions Zone books et de l’association Cette France-là. Mouvements l’a interrogé sur l’histoire des critiques et apologies de la famille, en faisant un détour par la double généalogie des « conditions » et des « érotiques », soit des représentations partagées de la condition humaine et, sur ce fond, des problèmes que l’amour doit surmonter. L’entretien propose ainsi un bilan qui articule de manière inédite les travaux qu’il mène depuis les années 1990 sur les érotiques et depuis les années 2000 sur les « conditions ». Nous vous présentons ici 1 ses développements sur la période contemporaine. L’analyse de la condition néolibérale et de ses penchants à la quête du crédit et au partage des goûts, offre un éclairage indispensable pour qui se soucie de redéfinir une politique émancipatrice des liens d’intimité, d’intensité affective et de solidarité que la relation familiale semble désigner. Il ne s’agit rien de moins que de ne pas se tromper d’époque.
Une perspective interactionniste de la norme ISO 26000 comme vecteur d’apprentissage organisationnel - Le cas d’une PME du secteur de l’évènementiel
Authors: Paulus Krystel , Soparnot Richard
Published: May 2015

Cet article a pour objectif de comprendre les conditions par lesquelles la norme Iso 26000 est source d’apprentissage. Mené dans le cadre d’une recherche intervention (David, 2000) au sein d’une PME du secteur de l’évènementiel, le processus d’apprentissage organisationnel de ce projet de normalisation est analysé au regard de la perspective interactionniste (Nonaka et Takeuchi, 1995 ; Nonaka et Konno, 1998). Trois conditions sont ainsi mises en évidence : la création d’un contexte organisationnel favorable articulé autour de déterminants stratégiques et opérationnels, la création d’espaces d’apprentissage spécifiques ainsi que la création d’une dynamique managériale. Notre recherche permet ici d’enrichir l’approche interactionniste développée par Nonaka et Takeuchi (1995).
Las huellas de tortuga del Grupo Oncala (Berriasiense, Cuenca de Cameros, España)
Authors: Pascual-Arribas C. , Hernández-Medrano N.
Published: May 2015

Aunque las huellas de dinosaurios son muy frecuentes en el Grupo Oncala (Berriasiense, Cuenca de Cameros, España), no sucede lo mismo con las de otros reptiles, sobre todo en el caso de cocodrilos y tortugas. Hasta ahora, en este Grupo, solo se conoce un icnogénero de tortuga de medios dulceacuícolas (Emydhipus) y se ha planteado la posibilidad de la existencia de otro ocasionado por tortugas terrestres. El hallazgo de nuevas huellas y la revisión general de las ya conocidas ha permitido saber que la variedad de este tipo de icnitas es mucho más amplia de lo que se creía, lo cual concuerda con la existencia de una extensa representación de géneros de tortugas, reconocidos últimamente en el Cretácico inferior de la Cuenca de Cameros y en el resto de la Península Ibérica.
Logistics Systems Engineer – Interdisciplinary Competence Model for Modern Education
Authors: Niine Tarvo , Koppel Ott
Published: May 2015

Logistics is an interdisciplinary field of study. Modern logisticians need to integrate business management and administration skills with technology design, IT systems and other engineering fields. However, based on research of university curricula and competence standards in logistics, the engineering aspect is not represented to full potential. There are some treatments of logistician competences which relate to engineering, but not a modernized one with wide-spread recognition. This paper aims to explain the situation from the conceptual development point of view and suggests a competence profile for “logistics system engineer”, which introduces the viewpoint of systems engineering into logistics. For that purpose, the paper analyses requirements of various topical competence models and merges the introductory competences of systems engineering into logistics. In current interpretation, logistics systems engineering view integrates networks, technologies and ICT, process and service design and offers broader interdisciplinary approach. Another term suitable for this field would be intelligent logistics. The practical implication of such a competence profile is to utilize it in curriculum development and also present it as an occupational standard. The academic relevance of such concept is to offer a specific way to differentiate education in logistics.
Typology of Logistics Curricula – Four Categories of Logistics of Logistics Undergraduate Education in Europe
Authors: Niine Tarvo , Koppel Ott
Published: May 2015

The field of logistics education is rather colorful. The range of possible topics is huge and so each curriculum has unique approach towards which topic areas to emphasize and which to treat briefly or even omit. There is only little effective standardization in logistics education. This study examines the content of 42 undergraduate logistics curricula in Europe via cluster analysis, with a goal to propose a typology of logistics curricula. The findings define the spectrum of logistics education in four clusters, ranging from „business administration“ with little focus on most specific logistics topics, through „interdisciplinary logistics management“ and „modern transport management“ to „logistics engineering“ with a strong quantitative and technology approach. However, a problem remains that curriculum title does not always reflect actual profile. A typical title “logistics management” might in one case contain various engineering elements, but in another none at all. Such findings point out the need for curricula boards to decide, if trying to cover the entire scope by „one-size-fits-all“ program is the best option or if more distinct focus is needed. In both cases this decision needs to be intentional, agreed and clearly communicated to avoid confusing students and society. Furthermore, the study points out the need to refine standards of competences in logistics, especially for logistics engineering.
Using Social Learning Methodologies in Higher Education
Authors: Sousa-Vieira María-Estrella , López-Ardao José-Carlos , Fernández-Veiga Manuel , Rodríguez-Pérez Miguel , López-García Cándido
Published: May 2015

It is commonly accepted that contemporary cohorts of students witness and experience the benefits of information technologies in their learning processes. The so-called ``digital natives'' acquire, as a consequence of their early exposure to these technologies, different patterns of work, distinct attention conducts, new learning preferences and, generally, better skills for learning and working within rich online social contexts. So, it seems reasonable that the traditional education systems evolve and shape their practice to leverage those new patterns. Despite the fact that online social networks (OSNs) are widely recognized as a powerful tool for adding a new social dimension to the learning management systems (LMSs), OSNs do not fully integrate the specific features of the learning process yet and LMSs do not exploit the advantages of an active social environment for reinforcing the learning experience. We report in this paper the design, development and use of a software platform which enlarges and adapts the basic features of an OSN in order to be useful for very general learning environments. The software allows the creation, assessment and reporting of a range of collaborative activities based on social interactions among the students, and offers a reward mechanism by means of ranking and reputation. We argue that this approach is helpful in increasing the students' motivation, besides improving the learning experience and performance. The software has been tested in an undergraduate course about computer networks. Different tests confirm that the impact on learning success is statistically significant and positive.
Time delay and interface roughness estimations by GPR for pavement survey
Authors: Sun Meng , Pinel Nicolas , Le Bastard Cédric , Baltazart Vincent , Ihamouten Amine , Wang Yide
Published: May 2015

In civil engineering, ground‐penetrating radar is widely used for road pavement surveys. In contrast to the existing literature, this paper takes account of the influence of interface roughness (surface and interlayer roughness) within the scope of data processing of radar signals. The rigorous electromagnetic method PILE (Propagation Inside Layer Expansion) provides simulated data that show the influence of the interface roughness on the backscattered primary echoes of stratified media; the interface roughness provides a continuous frequency decay of the magnitude of the echoes. The observed frequency variations of the radar magnitude introduce some shape distortion on the radar waveform. The latter variations can be modelled by an exponential function, which provides satisfactory results for a narrow bandwidth (2 GHz). An adaptation of the root‐MUSIC algorithm is proposed. As a result, it is possible to jointly estimate the time delay and the interface roughness. The algorithm is tested on data simulated by the PILE method and numerical examples are provided to assess the performance of this algorithm. The associated results show that the proposed algorithm can estimate both the time delay and roughness parameters with a small relative error.
Frequency‐domain modelling and inversion of electromagnetic data for 2D permittivity and conductivity imaging: An application to the Institut Fresnel experimental dataset
Authors: François Lavoué , Brossier Romain , Métivier Ludovic , Garambois Stéphane , Virieux Jean
Published: May 2015

The need for quantitative imaging of the near subsurface leads to the development of inversion algorithms to infer ground properties from recorded data. The aim of this study is to validate an inversion method recently developed for the simultaneous imaging of dielectric permittivity and electrical conductivity from 2D ground‐penetrating radar measurements. The validation is performed using electromagnetic data collected in a well‐controlled laboratory environment. In this experiment, the knowledge of the targets enables a quality control of the inversion results. In addition, the free space environment and the measurement of the incident field simplify the choice of a starting model for the inversion, as well as the calibration of the data with respect to the source signature and to the geometrical spread. To perform accurate and efficient forward simulations, we use a frequency‐domain finite‐difference scheme whose stencil coefficients can be optimized for each simulated frequency. As the objects of interest are locally concentrated at the centre of the acquisition array, it is possible to restrict the computation domain to a small region enclosing the targets using an integral representation of the analytical incident field coming from the sources and of the scattered field that we analytically propagate towards the receivers. An analysis of the numerical errors done on synthetic data shows that this strategy provides an error level that is low enough not to perturb the inversion, while dramatically decreasing the computational cost compared to a full‐domain simulation. The monoparameter reconstruction of a purely dielectric target recovers permittivity values in very good agreement with the expected ones, as well as a very satisfying data fit. We also validate our strategy for multiparameter inversion on targets involving both a purely dielectric cylinder and a purely metallic copper tube, although the optimization cannot recover the exact conductivity of copper.
Enhancing Citizens' Participation via Recommender Systems
Authors: Terán Luis
Published: May 2015

With the introduction of Web 2.0, which includes users as content generators, finding relevant information is even more complex. To tackle this problem of information overload, a number of different techniques have been introduced, including search engines, Semantic Web, and recommender systems, among others. The use of recommender systems for e-Government is a research topic that is intended to improve the interaction among public administrations, citizens, and the private sector through reducing information overload on e-Government services. In this chapter, the use of recommender systems on eParticipation is presented. A brief description of the eGovernment Framework used and the participation levels that are proposed to enhance participation. The highest level of participation is known as eEmpowerment, where the decision-making is placed on the side of citizens. Finally, a set of examples for the different eParticipation types is presented to illustrate the use of recommender systems.
Freedom of Information as a Catalyst for Responsiveness in the e-Government Environment
Authors: Bwalya Kelvin Joseph , Mothataesi Sebina Peter Mazebe II , Zulu Saul F.C.
Published: May 2015

As Botswana actively transcends to utilizing e-Government as a platform for responsive public service delivery, it is apparent that a probe is done on the role of Freedom of Information (FOI) on government responsiveness. This chapter explores the fundamental concepts of contemporary e-Government and enunciates how FOI can be embedded in the e-Government agenda in the developing world using Botswana as a case. The chapter posits that the delay in adopting FOI in Botswana incapacitates the ability of state actors to exhibit acceptable levels of lucidity and ingenuousness during their delivery of public services and in turn promotes a culture of sluggishness which serves to promote the current existing information asymmetry. The chapter further posits that FOI may help the government of Botswana achieve its commitment towards the attainment of a knowledge-based economy during the period of the National Development Plan (NDP) 10.
Value Assessment in E-Government and M-Government
Authors: Lee Shu Wen , Lai Pek Hia
Published: May 2015

Most governments around the world have implemented or are in the midst of implementing electronic government (e-Government). E-Government has its share of advantages, disadvantages and limitations. The rise of mobile technologies can be seen as the answer to complement e-Government. With the high adoption level of mobile devices and the rising demands for instant information and interactions with government bodies, mobile government (m-Government) is born. Unlike e-Government, m-Government is not restricted to being internet-based. Different wireless or mobile communication modes such as Short Message Service (SMS), mobile applications, and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) have provided different avenues to implement or enhance M-Government. Both e-Government and m-Government implementations create different values for the different stakeholders. This chapter examines an e-Government and m-Government Component Assessment Cube Framework for value assessment of both e-Government and m-Government information technology project implementations. The three main groups explored in the framework are namely (value) components, stages, and stakeholders.
Validating a Model Predicting Retrieval Ordering Performance with Statistically Dependent Binary Features
Authors: Losee Robert M.
Published: May 2015

The Information Retrieval Dependence (IRD) model predicts retrieval performance, with some or all dependencies and where there are binary features. Simulations with the Information Retrieval Validation (IRV) software are described that have been used to validate the IRD predictive model, showing that the IRD model accurately or exactly predicts retrieval performance under a variety of conditions. Instead of using traditional research methods using a sample of realistic documents and realistic queries, the authors exhaustively examine all document, query, and relevance combinations within a certain size range. While each of the numbers of components may be small, going through all the permutations of the relevance judgments, terms, and documents produced in one situation 551370 predictions, all of them matching the empirical ordering, suggesting that the predicting method is valid and accurate.
Constructing Temporal Equivalence Partitionings for Keyword Sets
Authors: Chundi Parvathi , Subramaniam Mahadevan
Published: May 2015

Identifying keyword associations from text and search sources is often used to facilitate many tasks such as understanding relationships among concepts, extracting relevant documents, matching advertisements to web pages, expanding user queries, etc. However, these keyword associations change continually change with time. In this paper, the authors define an equivalence relationship among keywords and develop methods to construct a temporal view of the equivalence relationship by constructing optimal temporal equivalence partitionings for keyword sets. They describe efficient algorithms to construct an optimal temporal equivalence partitioning for a keyword pair. They use the fact that the equivalence relationship is transitive to extend these algorithms to obtain an optimal temporal equivalence partitioning for a larger set of keywords. The authors show the effectiveness of the approach by constructing the temporal equivalence partitionings of several sets of keywords from the Multi-Domain Sentiment data set and the ICWS2009 Spinn3r data set.