bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMANFAATAN TERATAI PUTIH SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PEMBUATAN SELULOSA MIKROKRISTALIN MENGGUNAKAN HIDROLISIS ENZIMATIK DARI RAYAP Coptotermes sp.
Authors: Lestari Yulianita Pratiwi Indah , Mi'rajunnisa  , Raudatul Patimah  , Rizka Mulya Miranti  , Tuty Mulyani
Published: November 2024

Microcrystalline cellulose is still imported by the Pharmaceutical Industry in Indonesia even though Indonesia has large natural resources but they have not been utilized optimally. Microcrystalline cellulose can be obtained from residue (extraction dregs) in the lotus plant extraction process, namely in the form of simplicia powder which will not be used again (organic solid waste). This research aims to obtain microcrystalline cellulose from several parts of the white lotus plant (Nymphaea nouchali Burm. F.) using the enzymatic hydrolysis method using cellulase from the termite Coptotermes sp., then the quality of the powder will be tested and compared with Avicel PH 101. Each part The white lotus is extracted, then the residue is delignified to obtain α-cellulose, then hydrolyzed with crude extract from Coptotermes sp termite cellulase. so that microcrystalline cellulose is obtained which will then be characterized and compared with the commercial version, namely Avicel® PH 101. The highest yield of microcrystalline cellulose is found in leaves with a yield of 95.3%, followed by leaf stalks 89.3%, flower stalks 75.7%, and the yield lowest in interest with a percentage of 74%. The physical characteristics in the form of color reaction, organoleptics, solubility and pH of white lotus microcrystalline cellulose powder show similarities with the comparison standard. It can be concluded that microcrystalline cellulose powder from several parts of the white lotus plant can be an alternative in obtaining cellulose raw materials from natural sources.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EDUKASI TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK PADA PASIEN RAWAT JALAN RSUD Dr. MOEWARDI TAHUN 2023
Authors: Magdalena Retnoningsih  , Jason Merari Peranginangin  , Nur Anggreini Dwi Sasangka
Published: November 2024

Antibiotics are drugs to fight bacterial infections. Based on the large amount of antibiotic use, WHO states that the amount of irrational antibiotic use is relatively high, causing the risk of increasing resistance. This research was conducted to determine the level of patient knowledge about the use of antibiotics before and after being given education. This research used a pre-experiment design with one group pre-test and post-test with measuring instruments in the form of questionnaires. The number of samples used was 306 respondents, sample data was collected using purposive sampling by providing verbal education and leaflet media. Data analysis to determine the description of respondents based on characteristic criteria uses univariate analysis, to determine the relationship between respondent characteristics and level of knowledge using bivariate analysis, while to determine the influence between the independent variable and the dependent variable using statistical analysis the Wilcoxon difference test. The results of this research show that the level of knowledge at pre-test was 31% with high knowledge, 30.7% with moderate knowledge, 38.2% with low knowledge. In the post-test 99% had high knowledge, 0.7% had medium knowledge, 0.3% had low knowledge. The results obtained were tested using the Wilcoxon test which obtained a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. From these results it can be concluded that there is an influence of providing education on the level of knowledge of outpatients at Dr. RSUD. Moewardi, and there is a significant relationship between the characteristics of respondents and the level of knowledge, p value <0.05.
FORMULASI DAN UJI ANTIBAKTERI SEDIAAN SABUN MANDI CAIR EKSTRAK DAUN RAMBAI PADI (Sonneratia caseolaris L.) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Ghina Adhila , Fitri Handayani  , Achmad Kadri Ansyori  , Panji Ratih Suci  , Erna Fitriany
Published: November 2024

Rampai padi (Sonneratia caseolaris L.) grows along the coast Mahakam River in Samarinda. It was identified to contain flavonoids with, high potential as antioxidants and antibacterials. Previous studies have explored the content, pharmacological activity, and development of preparations. This study aimed to formulate the ethanol extract of rambai padi leaves (EEDRP) in liquid bath soap and to determine its pharmacological activity as an antibacterial (Staphylococcus aureus). The sample used is EEDRP which is formulated in liquid bath soap in three formulations, A (5%), B (10%), and C (15%). The results of the phytochemical screening of EEDRP contained flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, saponins, and steroids. The EEDRP can be formulated into a liquid bath soap that is homogeneous, has a characteristic odor, and is blackish-brown to dark green-gray. The pH test results on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th day met the quality requirements, namely pH 4-10, the foam height test which met the foam height requirements of 1 - 10 cm. The total plate number test result was 0 colonies/g. The antibacterial activity of EEDRP liquid soap in formula A (5%) had an inhibition zone of 4.11 mm, formula B (10%) of 4.17 mm, and formula C (15%) of 6.38 mm.
Fairness and Randomness in Machine Learning: Statistical Independence and Relativization
Authors: Derr Rabanus , Williamson Robert C.
Published: November 2024

Fair Machine Learning endeavors to prevent unfairness arising in the context of machine learning applications embedded in society. To this end, several mathematical fairness notions have been proposed. The most known and used notions turn out to be expressed in terms of statistical independence, which is taken to be a primitive and unambiguous notion. However, two choices remain (and are largely unexamined to date): what exactly is the meaning of statistical independence and what are the groups to which we ought to be fair? We answer both questions by leveraging Richard Von Mises’ theory of probability, which starts with data, and then builds the machinery of probability from the ground up. In particular, his theory places a relative definition of randomness as statistical independence at the center of statistical modelling. Much in contrast to the classically used, absolute i.i.d.-randomness, which turns out to be “orthogonal” to his conception. We show how Von Mises’ frequential modeling approach fits well to the problem of fair machine learning and show how his theory (suitably interpreted) demonstrates the equivalence between the contestability of the choice of groups in the fairness criterion and the contestability of the choice of relative randomness. We thus conclude that the problem of being fair in machine learning is precisely as hard as the problem of defining what is meant by being random. In both cases there is a consequential choice, yet there is no universal “right” choice possible.
Radical Solidarity: Ruth Reynolds, Political Allyship, and the Battle for Puerto Rico's Independence
Authors: Materson Lisa G.
Published: November 2024

Radical Solidarity tells the riveting story of Ruth Reynolds (1916–89), a white pacifist from South Dakota who became a stalwart ally of nationalist revolutionaries during Puerto Rico's long struggle for independence. Reynolds dedicated her life to ending US control of the archipelago. She testified before Congress and the UN, organized fellow North Americans, investigated the brutal tactics used by the colonial state to quash independence sentiment, and was incarcerated as a political prisoner. Lisa G. Materson introduces the concept of "radical solidarity" to describe Reynolds's powerful model for globally engaged activism. Guided by her vision of allyship, Reynolds developed deep bonds with the Puerto Rican nationalist women with whom she was imprisoned, collaborated across ideological divides with revolutionary leaders, and established lasting relationships with civil rights lawyers, political exiles, and New Left activists. Her radical solidarity enabled her to remain a tireless champion for Puerto Rico's independence through five decades of hope, disappointment, and political change. Her life reveals the price paid by those who supported an independent Puerto Rico and sheds light on the possibilities of working across differences in the face of US state-sanctioned violence and colonialism.
Inscribing Sovereignties: Writing Community in Native North America
Authors: Round Phillip H.
Published: November 2024

Before European settlers arrived in North America, more than 300 distinct languages were being spoken among the continent's Indigenous peoples. But the Euro-American emphasis on alphabetic literacy has historically hidden the power and influence of Indigenous verbal and nonverbal language diversity on encounters between Indigenous North Americans and settlers. In this pathbreaking work, Phillip H. Round reveals how Native North Americans sparked a communications revolution in their adaptation and resistance to settlers' modes of speaking and writing. Round especially focuses on communication through inscription—the physical act of making a mark, the tools involved, and the social and cultural processes that render the mark legible. Using methods from history, literary studies, media studies, linguistics, and material culture studies, Round shows how Indigenous graphic practices embodied Native epistemologies while fostering linguistic innovation. Round's broad theory of graphogenesis—creating meaningful inscription—leads to new insights for both the past and present of Indigenous expression in a range of forms. Readers will find powerful new insights into Indigenous languages and linguistic practices, with important implications not just for scholars but for those working to support ongoing Native American self-determination.
Fighting for Control: Power, Reproductive Care, and Race in the US-Mexico Borderlands
Authors: Murillo Lina-Maria
Published: November 2024

The first birth control clinic in El Paso, Texas, opened in 1937. Since then, Mexican-origin women living in the border cities of El Paso and Ciudad Juárez have confronted various interest groups determined to control their reproductive lives, including a heavily funded international population control campaign led by Planned Parenthood Federation of America as well as the Catholic Church and Mexican American activists. Uncovering nearly one hundred years of struggle, Lina-Maria Murillo reveals how Mexican-origin women on both sides of the border fought to reclaim autonomy and care for themselves and their communities. Faced with a family planning movement steeped in eugenic ideology, working-class Mexican-origin women strategically demanded additional health services and then formed their own clinics to provide care on their own terms. Along the way, they developed what Murillo calls reproductive care— quotidian acts of community solidarity—as activists organized for better housing, education, wages, as well as access to birth control, abortion, and more. Centering the agency of these women and communities, Murillo lays bare Mexican-origin women's long battle for human dignity and power in the borderlands as reproductive freedom in Texas once again hangs in the balance.
Research on digital transformation of banking industry must be associated with digital economy, digital society, green economy in Vietnam
Authors: Dinh Mai Thanh
Published: November 2024

The development of banking is an important factor in the economic development of the country and there have been many changes in the banking industry. These changes can be attributed to the development of technology: the popularity of mobile phones, the ability to access the Internet anytime, anywhere, the rapidly developing digital banking system... In the past few years, the finance - banking industry has been going through an important digital transformation period. However, in the strong development trend of technology, the banking system also faces many challenges, requiring a stronger transformation to be able to grasp digital technology trends, thereby applying and improving the quality of its products and services, making financial services more available, competitive and cost-effective. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of technology trends in banking, challenges and make some recommendations.
Keywords: Digital Transformation, Banking Industry, Digital Economy.
A VIOLÊNCIA OBSTÉTRICA NA SAÚDE COLETIVA: EXPLORANDO OS IMPACTOS E ESTRATÉGIAS DE INTERVENÇÃO
Authors: Oliveira Maria Luiza dos Santos , Lopes Júnior Hélio Marco Pereira , Silva Luana Guimarães da
Published: November 2024

Este artigo buscou descrever a violência obstétrica na saúde coletiva, compreendendo seus impactos na saúde das mulheres e desenvolvendo estratégias eficazes de intervenção para promover um cuidado obstétrico humanizado e respeitoso. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica com abordagem qualitativa realizada entre os períodos de 2014 a 2024 utilizando as bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Literatura Latino-Americana de do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) e MEDLINE, nos idiomas inglês e português através dos descritores:“Violência obstétrica” [and] “Impactos” [and] “Estratégias de Saúde”. A violência obstétrica tem consequências significativas, incluindo complicações físicas, impactos negativos na saúde mental e desconfiança no sistema de saúde. Observa-se a carência de profissionais capacitados, políticas claras e empoderamento das gestantes para prevenir e abordar essa violência. Nota-se, que a contribuição da enfermagem para a assistencialidade às gestantes que sofrem violência obstétrica requer habilidades e conhecimentos específicos por meio de uma abordagem holística por parte dos profissionais para garantir a qualidade e eficácia da assistência prestada desde as primeiras consultas do pré-natal, visando o bem-estar emocional e psicológico durante a gestação e o pós-parto.
LUTO ANTECIPATÓRIO A IMPORTÂNCIA DO ACOMPANHAMENTO TERAPÊUTICO NO PROCESSO DE ENLUTAMENTO ANTECIPATÓRIO DIANTE DE UMA PERDA ESPERADA DO PACIENTE-FAMILIAR
Authors: Batista Tamires de Sá , Cardoso Francisco
Published: November 2024

Esse trabalho investiga o fenômeno do Luto Antecipatório, um processo adaptativo que ocorre antes da perda efetiva e se enquadra no luto, manifestando sintomas semelhantes ao luto convencional. Ele é influenciado por fatores psicológicos individuais, interações com pacientes terminais e dinâmicas familiares e sociais. O objetivo é analisar a importância do acompanhamento terapêutico no luto antecipatório, tanto para pacientes quanto para familiares, no contexto da psicologia clínica. Utilizou-se uma metodologia qualitativa baseada em revisão bibliográfica, sintetizando conhecimentos existentes e identificando lacunas na literatura. A busca incluiu bases como PubMed, PsycInfo, Scielo e Google Acadêmico, abrangendo publicações dos últimos 10 anos, com critérios de inclusão e exclusão. A discussão destaca a complexidade do luto antecipatório, a importância de compreender os processos individuais e familiares, além de estratégias terapêuticas para promover adaptação e enfrentamento saudável da perda iminente. Os resultados evidenciam a relevância do acompanhamento terapêutico, mostrando a eficácia das intervenções psicológicas em mitigar o sofrimento e promover resiliência emocional. Foram comparadas às teorias e modelos existentes, identificando padrões, divergências e lacunas, e discutidas as implicações práticas para profissionais de saúde mental. A revisão bibliográfica permitiu recomendar práticas clínicas baseadas em evidências, além de identificar padrões comuns de reação e ajustamento no luto antecipatório, oferecendo percepções para práticas mais eficazes.
EUTANÁSIA: MORTE COM DIGNIDADE X DIREITO À VIDA
Authors: Ferreira Cristiana Alves de Sousa , Rocha Greicy Kelle Sousa , Santos Kely Adriana de Souza , Araújo Heichon Cordeiro de
Published: November 2024

Esse artigo buscou traçar considerações acerca da eutanásia, apesar da complexidade do tema, o objetivo do artigo é demonstrar a importância da morte com dignidade, juntamente com o direito à vida. Bem como abordar conceitos e caracterizar a importância do pressuposto no ordenamento jurídico, apontar informações indispensáveis. Para tanto, estabelecer diferenciação do tema eutanásia e ortotanásia. Detém-se, pormenorizadamente, sobre a eutanásia no anteprojeto do novo código penal, isto é, considerando o direito à vida, bem como, morte com dignidade. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa foi realizada pela metodologia de pesquisa bibliográfica, realizada por meios de livros, manuais e artigos de revisão, buscando, no decorrer do trabalho, demostrar a aplicação do princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana nos casos de Eutanásia. Para mais, foi exposto um caso concreto envolvendo a violação do direito ao princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana, principio à saúde determinada na Constituição Federal de 1988. Para tanto, este tema foi selecionado, pois guarda em si importante aspecto e debates relacionados aos últimos dias em vida do indivíduo para que seja tratado com dignidade conforme consta na Constituição Federal de 1988, nessas razões o artigo busca indagar se há interseções trazida pelo ordenamento jurídico, no caso da inercia ao tema selecionado.
REABILITAÇÃO FISIOTERAPÊUTICA NA DOENÇA DE PARKINSON
Authors: Pinto Fabíula Ricardo , Oliveira Kássia Dias de , Santos Priscila Salles Barbosa dos , Werneck José Gabriel
Published: November 2024

A doença de Parkinson (DP) trata-se de uma desordem neurológica de origem crônica, polissintomática e progressiva. A intervenção fisioterapêutica é composta de terapias convencionais e ocupacionais, juntamente com a terapia de estímulos visuais, auditivos e somatosensitivos. Os estímulos tem como objetivo facilitar os movimentos do início e da continuação da marcha, aumento dos passos e redução da intensidade e frequência do freezing, podendo ser alcançada por meio de diversos exercícios, como cinesioterapia com pesos, treino de equilíbrio, atividades em esteira e terapia muscular ativa. O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a evolução do paciente com diagnóstico de Doença de Parkinson através do tratamento fisioterapêutico. O seguinte estudo de caso descritivo, analítico e qualitativo foi realizado na Clínica de Ensino em Fisioterapia na UNIG, contendo uma amostra de um único paciente com diagnóstico de Doença de Parkinson, sendo realizado através da elaboração, análise e interpretação de dados obtidos através da anamnese e exame físico, sendo realizado condutas cinesioterapêuticas apresentando resultados significativos na melhora da funcionalidade do paciente. Conclui-se que o protocolo fisioterapêutico utilizado promoveu melhoras graduais em aspectos motores e não-motores, minimizando o impacto da progressão da doença.
ATUAÇÃO DO PROFISSIONAL DE ENFERMAGEM EM CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE
Authors: Santos Tatiane Barreto , Díaz Kátia Chagas Marques
Published: November 2024

Este estudo analisou a atuação dos enfermeiros em cuidados paliativos no contexto da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), destacando os principais desafios e as estratégias de capacitação e integração na prestação de cuidados. A partir de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, foi possível identificar que os enfermeiros enfrentam dificuldades como a falta de formação específica, a sobrecarga de trabalho e as barreiras na comunicação sobre o fim da vida. Contudo, o estudo também evidenciou que a capacitação contínua e a criação de redes interdisciplinares podem otimizar a assistência, promovendo o autocuidado e uma maior qualidade de vida aos pacientes com doenças crônicas e terminais. As conclusões indicam que a integração dos cuidados paliativos na APS é essencial para garantir a continuidade do cuidado, e que o fortalecimento do papel dos enfermeiros nesse contexto pode contribuir para uma assistência mais humanizada e eficiente. Por fim, este estudo propõe o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas que promovam o reconhecimento dos cuidados paliativos como uma prática fundamental na APS, além de sugerir a necessidade de mais pesquisas para explorar formas de otimizar essa integração.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM NO PARTO HUMANIZADO: IMPACTOS NA EXPERIÊNCIA DA PARTURIENTE E NOS DESFECHOS MATERNO-INFANTIS
Authors: Santos Emilly da Silva , Díaz Kátia Chagas Marques
Published: November 2024

Este estudo teve como objetivo trazer uma revisão sobre a eficácia da assistência de enfermagem no contexto do parto humanizado, analisando os impactos das práticas adotadas pela equipe de enfermagem na experiência das parturientes e nos desfechos materno-infantis. Com base em uma revisão bibliográfica qualitativa e descritiva, foram explorados os principais desafios enfrentados pelos profissionais de saúde na promoção do parto humanizado, destacando a importância da autonomia da mulher e o respeito à fisiologia do parto. A pesquisa revelou que, embora políticas públicas como a Política Nacional de Humanização e a Rede Cegonha tenham incentivado práticas humanizadas, a implementação ainda enfrenta obstáculos, como a resistência cultural e a precarização das condições de trabalho dos profissionais de enfermagem. O estudo conclui que a atuação dos enfermeiros obstetras é essencial para garantir um parto mais seguro, respeitoso e positivo, reforçando a necessidade de um esforço conjunto para superar barreiras e consolidar o modelo de parto humanizado no Brasil.
GÊNERO E SEXUALIDADE EM INTERVENÇÃO PEDAGÓGICA: ENTRELAÇANDO CONCEPÇÕES SOCIAIS DE JOVENS MENINAS
Authors: Rosa Naiara de Oliveira
Published: November 2024

Este artigo é resultado da revisão do projeto de intervenção pedagógica de cunho educativo/colaborativo, realizado com um grupo de jovens meninas residentes de uma unidade de abrigo temporário nomeadamente – “Casa Lar”. Norteado por questões envolvendo sexualidade e relações de gênero, o trabalho desencadeou a perspectiva de coletar saberes e vivências junto ao público-alvo. Com o objetivo de analisar os efeitos de intervenções sociais, voltadas para a trajetória afetivo/sexual em uma análise cultural das narrativas juvenis. A intervenção efetivou-se através de palestras e uma sequência de atividades didáticas colaborativas relacionando e retratando gênero e sexualidade. Em meio a dialogicidade colaborativa das jovens, este projeto permitiu que as meninas tivessem diversas manifestações com relação à sexualidade, como construções discursivas históricas e culturais de maneira que efetivamente, criaram espaços de problematização para que pensassem em novas formas de compreender o seu corpo, bem como em vivências sociais nas relações de gênero e sexualidade.
TRÁFICO INTERNACIONAL DE ANIMAIS SILVESTRES
Authors: Gonçalves Késsily Carvalho , Bezerra Marco Antônio Alves
Published: November 2024

O tráfico internacional de animais silvestres é uma atividade criminosa que movimenta bilhões de dólares anualmente, representando uma séria ameaça à biodiversidade global. Este comércio ilegal é impulsionado pela demanda por animais exóticos e seus derivados, utilizados como animais de estimação, ingredientes medicinais, produtos de luxo e decoração. A prática está frequentemente ligada a outras formas de crime organizado e resulta em graves consequências ecológicas, econômicas e de saúde pública, incluindo a extinção de espécies, a destruição de habitats e a disseminação de zoonoses. Frente a esse cenário, o presente estudo teve o objetivo de explorar as múltiplas facetas do tráfico internacional de animais silvestres, bem como analisar o enquadramento jurídico e efetivo nesses casos. Na metodologia, teve como fundamento uma revisão da literatura, baseada em artigos científicos, livros, periódicos, legislação atual e jurisprudência sobre o tema. A coleta de dados será realizada por meio de banco de dados tais como Scielo, Google Acadêmico, dentre outros, no período de 2018 a 2024. Nos resultados, ficou claro observar que embora o Brasil possua uma estrutura legal sólida para combater o tráfico de animais silvestres, sua eficácia é prejudicada por diversos fatores que exigem uma abordagemmais ampla e integrada. A aplicação rigorosa da lei, o aumento da fiscalização e a colaboração internacional são essenciais para enfraquecer as redes de tráfico. O problema, no entanto, também exige uma mudança cultural e econômica para reduzir a demanda e oferecer alternativas para aqueles que, por necessidade, acabam envolvidos no comércio ilegal de espécies.
ESTRATÉGIAS ATIVAS DE APRENDIZAGEM NO ENSINO DE ENGENHARIA DE PRODUÇÃO
Authors: Carvalho Ismael Almeida , Silva Clodoaldo Matias da
Published: November 2024

Este estudo analisa a aplicação de estratégias ativas de aprendizagem no ensino de Engenharia de Produção, com foco na formação de competências técnicas e comportamentais necessárias ao mercado de trabalho contemporâneo. O problema investigado envolve como essas metodologias podem aprimorar o aprendizado e a preparação profissional dos estudantes. O objetivo principal é avaliar o impacto das práticas ativas na promoção de um ensino significativo e integrado. A pesquisa adotou uma abordagem bibliográfica, qualitativa e dedutiva, revisando estudos acadêmicos e experiências práticas aplicadas em cursos de Engenharia. Os resultados indicaram que as estratégias ativas, como a Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas e o uso de simulações, favorecem a consolidação de competências técnicas, como gestão de processos, e comportamentais, como trabalho em equipe. Além disso, a pesquisa demonstrou que a implementação dessas práticas requer infraestrutura adequada e formação docente. Conclui-se que as metodologias ativas podem transformar o ensino superior, tornando-o mais alinhado às demandas do mercado e às expectativas dos estudantes. Este trabalho contribui para o desenvolvimento de abordagens inovadoras na docência superior, promovendo o aprendizado colaborativo e a formação de profissionais mais preparados.
Assessing evapotranspiration dynamics across central Europe in the context of land-atmosphere drivers
Authors: Fluhrer Anke , Baur Martin , Piles María , Bayat Bagher , Rahmati Mehdi , Chaparro David , Dubois Clémence , Hellwig Florian , Montzka Carsten , Kübert Angelika , Mueller Marlin , Augscheller Isabel , Jonard Francois , Schellenberg Konstantin , Jagdhuber Thomas
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Evapotranspiration (ET) is an important variable for analysing ecosystems, biophysical processes, and drought-related changes in the soil-plant-atmosphere system. In this study, we evaluated freely available ET products from satellite remote sensing (i.e., MODIS, SEVIRI, and GLEAM) as well as modelling and reanalysis (i.e., ERA5-land and GLDAS-2) together with in-situ observations at eight Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS) stations across central Europe between 2017 and 2020. The land cover at the selected ICOS stations ranged from deciduous broad-leaved, evergreen needle-leaved, and mixed forests to agriculture. Trends in ET were analysed together with soil moisture (SM) and water vapor pressure deficit (VPD) during four years including a severe summer drought in 2018, but contrasting wet conditions in 2017. The analyses revealed the increased atmospheric aridity and decreased water supply for plant transpiration under drought conditions, showing that ET was generally lower and VPD higher in 2018 compared to 2017. Across the study period, results indicate that during moisture limited drought years, ET is strongly decreasing due to decreasing SM and increasing VPD. However, during normal or rather wet years, when SM is not limited, ET is mainly controlled by VPD, and hence, the atmospheric demand. The comparison of the different ET products based on time series, statistics, and extended triple collocation (ETC) shows in general a good agreement with ETC correlations between 0.39 and 0.99 as well as root-mean-square errors lower than 1.07 mm/day. The greatest deviations are found at the agricultural-managed sites Selhausen (Germany) and Bilos (France), with the former also showing the highest potential dependencies (error cross-correlation) between the ET products. Our results indicate that ET products differ most at stations with spatio-temporal varying land cover conditions (varying crops over growing periods and between seasons). This complex heterogeneity complicates the estimation of ET, while ET products agree at evergreen needle-leaved stations with less temporal changes throughout the year and between years. The ET products from SEVIRI, ERA5-land, and GLEAM performed best when compared to ICOS observations with either lowest errors or highest correlations.
Improved modelling of mountain snowpacks with spatially distributed precipitation bias correction derived from historical reanalysis
Authors: von Kaenel Manon , Margulis Steve
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Accurate estimates of snow water equivalent (SWE) are essential for effective water management in regions dependent on seasonal snowmelt. However, significant biases and high uncertainty in mountain precipitation data products pose significant challenges. This study leverages a SWE reanalysis framework and historical dataset to derive factors that can downscale and bias-correct mountain precipitation in a real-time modelling context. We evaluate through hindcast modelling how different versions of this precipitation bias correction affect errors in 1 April SWE estimates within a representative snow-dominated watershed in the Western U.S. We also evaluate how the additional assimilation of fractional snow-covered area (fSCA) or snow depth observations during the accumulation season impact the 1 April SWE estimates. Results show that spatially distributed historically informed precipitation bias correction significantly improves SWE estimates, reducing the normalized root mean square difference (NRMSD) by 58 %, increasing the correlation (R) by 43 %, and decreasing mean difference (MD) by 88 %. The primary strength of this bias correction method lies in capturing the spatial distribution of precipitation bias rather than its interannual variability. Assimilating snow depth observations further reduces errors both at the watershed scale (NRMSD less by 46 %) and pixel level in most years, while accumulation season fSCA assimilation is not generally useful. We demonstrate the value of these methods for streamflow forecasts: bias-corrected precipitation improves the correlation between daily simulated snowmelt and observed streamflow by 31–39 % and reduces bias in predicted April–July runoff volumes by 46–52 %. This study highlights how historical SWE reanalysis datasets can be leveraged and applied in a real-time context by informing precipitation bias correction.
Pseudo Rotary Resonance Relaxation Dispersion Effects in Isotropic Samples
Authors: Nimerovsky Evgeny , Mehrens Jonas , Andreas Loren B.
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Enhanced transverse relaxation near rotary-resonance conditions is a well-documented effect for anisotropic solid samples undergoing magic-angle spinning (MAS). It is a surprising behavior for rotating liquids, in which first-order anisotropic interactions are averaged at a much faster timescale as compared with the spinning frequency. Here we report measurements of 13C transverse relaxation under spin lock for spinning samples of both polybutadiene rubber and polyethylene glycol solution. Maxima in the relaxation rates are observed when the spin-lock frequency matches one or two times the MAS rate. Through simulations, we qualitatively describe the appearance of this effect, which can be explained by time dependence caused by sample rotation and an inhomogeneous rf-field distribution. Consideration of this effect is important for MAS experiments based on rotary-resonance conditions, and motivates the design of new MAS coils with improved rf-field homogeneity.
Unlocking the potential of melting calorimetry: a field protocol for liquid water content measurement in snow
Authors: Barella Riccardo , Bavay Mathias , Carletti Francesca , Ciapponi Nicola , Premier Valentina , Marin Carlo
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Melting calorimetry, a classic experiment often conducted in high-school chemistry laboratories, holds significant untapped potential for scientific applications beyond its educational context. Traditionally, this technique has been applied to measure the liquid water content in snow using two different formulations: melting calorimetry and freezing calorimetry. In contrast to freezing calorimetry, which is considered the reference method for measuring liquid water content, melting calorimetry has been perceived as prone to generating significant inaccuracies. This research revisits the formulations for both melting and freezing calorimeters to assess volumetric liquid water content in snow. By incorporating the calorimetric constant, we account for heat exchange with the calorimeter, a critical factor often neglected in melting-calorimetry experiments. This paper identifies the most effective and least uncertain method for determining this constant. A central contribution of this work is the introduction of a framework for estimating uncertainty in volumetric liquid water content measurements, adhering to established guidelines for uncertainty expression. This novel framework allows us to revisit past mathematical analyses and demonstrate that melting calorimetry delivers reliable measurements with an uncertainty 0.25 % greater than freezing calorimetry. Notably, despite this slightly higher uncertainty, melting calorimetry offers significant practical advantages for field applications. Moreover, we show how the proposed uncertainty framework can be expanded beyond instrumental uncertainty and also take into account the variability from environmental factors and operators, providing a more comprehensive characterization of the uncertainty. By exploiting the proposed uncertainty framework, we finally conduct an in-depth analysis for the optimal tuning of the experiment parameters. This analysis culminates in a robust field protocol for melting calorimetry that transcends commonsense procedural guidelines. Strict adherence to this protocol will maximize measurement accuracy. Applied in field tests in Italy and Switzerland, the melting calorimetry was demonstrated to accurately track the wet front penetration in the snowpacks, producing results comparable to independent dielectric measurements. These findings highlight the accuracy and the practical advantages of melting calorimetry as a reliable field tool for quantifying snowpack liquid water content. Melting calorimetry can potentially serve as a valuable tool for the independent calibration and validation of proximal and remote sensing techniques used for liquid water content retrieval.
Sasi, Pera, Lagi – Of Ocean, Land, and Sky: Revitalising Creative Confidence and a Connection to Place Through the Awakening and Renewal of Rotuman Creative Practice
Authors:   , Mitchell Letila Semantaf
Published: November 2024

This project foregrounds Rotuman heritage arts as access points to building knowledge. Working with kainaga, with family, we utilised storytelling to make meaning and create new ceremonies that interweave ecological principles. This work centres principles of relationality, respect and reverence which honors multiple perspectives and ways of knowing. Prioritising Indigenous women’s knowledge and practice led frameworks this work contributes to cultural restoration, building resilient and sustainable Oceanic communities. "It is from our temamfua, our ancestor that we learn to adapt to this world and activate our roles as custodians and guardians of our ocean, land and sky."
Optimisation of Iron Biofortification in Musa Cultivars
Authors:   , Cooper Tal
Published: November 2024

The biofortification of staple food crops is an efficient and cost-effective way to deliver much needed nutrition to populations most at risk of deficiencies. The staple food of Uganda is the East African highland banana (Musa spp.) which, like many staples, contains inadequate amounts of vitamins and minerals. In a world first, using Cavendish banana as a model, the concentration of iron in the fruit was increased to nutritionally significant levels. This groundbreaking proof-of-concept research offers a tangible approach to improve food security and nutrition through the biofortification of the East African highland banana.
Seabird Populations and Ecosystem Recovery on Macquarie Island: A Palaeoecological Perspective
Authors:   , Smith Margaret
Published: November 2024

This thesis investigated burrowing seabird presence over time on subantarctic Macquarie Island using an integrated palaeoecological and contemporary monitoring approach. Peat cores from key sites were analysed using radiometric dating techniques (Lead-210 and radiocarbon) and geochemical analyses of marine-derived nutrients from guano deposition to assess seabird presence over time. The results provide insights into the impacts of invasive vertebrate species presence on seabird populations, and their recovery following invasive species eradication. The results also highlight the value of integrating palaeoecological approaches with continued contemporary monitoring to assess ecosystem recovery and inform future conservation management in the subantarctic.
Principais tipos de conexões em implantodontia. Hexágono externo, hexagono interno, e cone morse: Uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Wentz Márcia Regina , Nascimento Nickolas Abner da Silva , Montesino André Chacon
Published: November 2024

A reabilitação oral é um conjunto de procedimentos e tratamentos que visam não apenas a estética, mas também a funcionalidade do sorriso, garantindo a presença de elementos saudáveis que promovam uma melhor qualidade de vida para o paciente. Nesse contexto, a implantodontia desempenha um papel fundamental, proporcionando estética, fonética e qualidade de vida ao reabilitar pacientes. Este trabalho busca compreender as principais diferenças entre os tipos de implantes dentários: hexágono interno, hexágono externo e cone Morse. Além disso, pretende classificar os tipos de tratamento e determinar as distinções entre esses implantes. Para isso, foi conduzido um estudo quantitativo, por meio de uma revisão narrativa da literatura de artigos publicados no Brasil entre 2013 e a presente data. Acredita-se que este trabalho pode contribuir significativamente para a prática clínica dos profissionais de odontologia, fornecendo insights valiosos sobre os temas abordados e auxiliando na tomada de decisões clínicas mais embasadas.
Gamification: Immersion and Inclusion as Performative Tools of Communication
Authors: TOLSTOVA Polina V.
Published: November 2024

The article examines gamification and the application of game elements and mechanics in non-game contexts. This aspect represents a phenomenon that permeates various spheres of human activity. Gamification offers new ways to interact with users, enriches their experience, and contributes to increased motivation and participation. However, to achieve the goals of gamification in effective communication, two key aspects need to be considered: immersion and engagement. Immersion, in the context of gamification, describes the level of user immersion in the game space or task. This concept is associated with creating an atmosphere that captures the participant's attention and elicits an emotional response. Immersive game elements such as visual effects, audio design, and interactivity can enhance the level of engagement and concentration of observers or participants. Engagement, on the other hand, describes the active participation of users in the game process or task resolution. The sense of control, progress achievement, and the ability to influence the outcome of interaction or gamification processes enhance motivation and participation. Engagement ensures the performativity of communication, where user actions and decisions are significant and can lead to specific results. This study analyzes and delineates the roles of immersion and engagement in the context of gamification as performative communication tools. The article explores various aspects and examples of gamification application, considering these two fundamental elements in the fields of cultural theory, media communications, philosophy, and art theory. Authors such as M. Sicart, T. Malaby, H. Jenkins, L. Manovich, I. V. Volkova, A. V. Venkova, E. Husserl, M. Heidegger, M. Merleau-Ponty, J.-P. Sartre, J. Huizinga, G. Frasca, T. Vermeulen, R. van den Akker, D. L. Austin, E. Goffman, L. J. Butler, C. K. Risman, V. Turner, and E. Fisher-Lichte contribute to the discussion. Spatial environments shape an atmosphere of interactivity, involvement, and dynamics, which can be indicative of the performativity of communication. The multidisciplinary approach demonstrates the pervasive nature of the game pattern beyond gaming contexts, offering new possibilities for improving communication strategies and creating more engaging and immersive interactions.
Artistic Research: Approaches to Definition, Critique, and Specifics in Russia
Authors: KONONCHUK Valeria V.
Published: November 2024

The article provides a definition for "artistic research", distinguishing it from "art-based research" and science art. By tracing the development of the criteria by which artistic research differs from other types of research and from non-research art, the close intertwining of ontology, epistemology and methodology comes to the fore, whereby an artistic object or process acts as an "epistemic thing": both the means and the end of the inquiry. At the same time, the article provides a broad overview of criticism from politico-economic and infrastructural positions that prevent an idealistic understanding of artistic research as emancipatory in its inter- and transdisciplinarity. Viewing artistic research as a by-product of a knowledge economy that has also affected art, theorists question its critical power and point to its predictability and conformism. At the same time, such criticism, even from Russian authors, has little sensitivity to the local context where artistic research has not become part of the academic milieu or even a dominant form of artistic expression. On the other hand, the very emergence of artistic research in Russia in the absence of academic programs was indicative of a palpable shift in the institutional system, as well as of art community rethinking its goals. This was reflected in the themes and working methods of the younger generation of artists of the 2010s.
Movement and Multisensory Experience in Artistic Sense of Immersion
Authors: VENKOVA Alina V.
Published: November 2024

The article shows the main approaches to exploration of multisensory experience in kinetic and somatic aesthetics, and demonstrates the role of experiments in the field of synesthesia in kinetic and performative art. The neurophysiological foundations of research on kinesthesia and proprioception are revealed in the context of studying the general principles of the psychology of human perception by Russian and foreign scientists. The role of movement in immersive experience is shown. Based on kinetic art, the nature of the artists’ work with the tactile experience is described. The work of Bulat Galeev in the Special Design Bureau “Prometheus”, the work on the concept of musical light painting by Sergei Zorin, the influence of kinetic experiments on the new concept of acting art by Vsevolod Meyerhold are considered. The early experiences of avant-garde theater in Europe are shown, under the influence of which the manifesto of tactilism by Filippo-Tommaso Marinetti was created. The basic principles for the formation of multisensory environments in the work of the Soviet designer August Lanin are demonstrated. The immersive approach of the experiments of Lev Nusberg in the “Cybertheater” and Vyacheslav Koleichuk in the “Total Theater” is shown. Corporal reality is revealed in the article as part of the kinesthetic image of the world. Movement is described as an activity aimed at achieving an immersive effect while creating a multisensory experience for the recipient in modern art.
Ksenia Nekrasova: on the Specifics of Creative Behavior and Cultural Myth
Authors: DAVYDOV Danila M.
Published: November 2024

In the article, the figure of Ksenia Nekrasova is considered as belonging simultaneously to the marginal zones of the professional literary field, and associated with the phenomena of primitiveness and outsiderism. The legitimization of the "inconvenient" poetess for interpretation often occurs through comparison with Velimir Khlebnikov. In this regard, attention is paid to the specificity of Khlebnikov in the circle of futurists. The "external" and "internal" forms of the relationship between the avant-garde and deviant forms of behavior are analyzed: from the point of view of the public and in the avant-garde circle itself, where figures like Khlebnikov were mythologized as "mad geniuses", in fact outsiders. The features of reactions to the legitimization of outsiders in the literary field are shown, from exposing the avant-garde as a form of self-promotional activity promoting "inept", including deviant authors, to describing avant-garde cultural policy as stigmatizing outsider authors. In this context, the peculiarities of the perception of the figure and the work of Ksenia Nekrasova by contemporaries and subsequent authors are discussed: despite the fact that she had no biographical relation to the historical avant-garde, nevertheless, radical interpretation strategies were used and continue to be used in the assessments of this figure. At the same time, it is shown how positive (emphasizing the genius and uniqueness of Nekrasova's talent) and negative (insisting on the deviance of the poetess) exist the sides of mythologization persistently repeat themselves both in the reaction of contemporaries and later. The uncertainty of Nekrasova's position in the field of literature makes us talk about her intermediate position on the "primitive" – "primitivism" axis. The status of an outsider is not fully applicable to Nekrasova, however, both the biography and the established literary reputation of the poetess make us talk about belonging to an outsider discourse.
Expressive Power of Assistive Technologies in Artistic Practices
Authors: VOLODINA Alexandra V.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the theoretical study of assistive technologies and practices (i.e. tools designed to support people with disabilities or severe health conditions) as an integral part of many projects in the field of contemporary visual arts (exhibitions, art environments and performances). It is shown that assistive technologies can serve as entry points for different ways of perceiving the world by disabled and non-disabled people. Thus, assistive technologies help create a new space for all audiences, where a meeting with the other can take place without the presumption of a complete understanding of the other. The cultural, ethical and philosophical significance of such spaces (which we conceptualize as situations of the “third experience”) is revealed both by means of specific artistic projects and of the theoretical developments of disability studies: the concept of cripistemology, criticism of the idea of “compulsory able-bodiedness” by Robert McRuer, the idea of “opacity” by Edouard Glissant. The “third experience” is proposed for use as an open concept that does not have a strict definition, but allows one to notice or design such spaces in which differences could be expressed without the risk of being homogenized, and in which the “presumption of opacity” that is so important for equal communication between people with different lived experiences. Such spaces and situations, built in the context of disability culture, can serve a critical function and resist the idea of “compulsory able-bodiedness”. The considerations presented in the article can be of practical value for research and curatorial work not only in the field of inclusion, but also in the field of contemporary art in general.