bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks in Egypt during 2013-2014: Molecular characterization of serotypes A, O, and SAT2
Authors: Diab Emad , Bazid Abdel-Hamid I. , Fawzy Mohamed , El-Ashmawy Wagdy R. , Fayed Adel A. , El-Sayed Magdy M.
Published: February 2019

Background and Aim: Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotypes A, O and South African Territories (SAT2) are endemic in Egypt; each is presented by a number of partially related topotypes and lineages, depending on their geographical origin. Continuous mutations and the emergence of new topotypes that lead to occasional vaccination failures were frequently recorded, so this study aimed to genetically characterize the circulating FMD virus strains in Egypt during 2013 and 2014 outbreaks, focusing on amino acids variations in VP1 region.

Materials and Methods: A total of 51 oral tissue samples were collected from cattle and buffaloes in 13 farms, and 38 individual cases showed clinical signs suspected to be FMD in six Egyptian Governorates (Cairo, Giza, Qaliubia, Fayoum, Sharquia, and Assiut). FMDV in collected samples was characterized by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification of full VP1 region, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis.

Results: Out of 51 samples, 44 (86.27%) were positive by RT-PCR using universal primers. Serotype O was predominant and detected in 31 samples (70.45%), serotype A was detected in 9 samples (20.45%), and then serotype SAT2 was identified in 4 samples (9.10%). Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of VP1 demonstrated clustering of serotype O, A, and SAT2 in EA-3 topotype, ASIA topotype, and topotype VII, respectively. Serotype O is closely related to O/SUD/8/2008 with 94.6% identity but showed 14.6% differences from vaccine strain (O/PanAsia-2) of ME-SA topotype. Furthermore, Serotype A and SAT2 were closely related to recent circulating Egyptian isolates and vaccine strains type A/EGY/1/2012 (Asia topotype, lineage Iran-05) with identity 96.4% and vaccine strain of SAT2/EGY/A/2012 (topotype VII, lineage SAT2/VII/ALX-12) with identity 95.3%, respectively.

Conclusion: The present study recommended further studies of serotype O to determine the immunogenic relationship between the vaccine strain and the new strains to attain maximum protection against circulating viruses.
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE COARSE DROPLETS FORMATION
Authors: Bartoš Ondřej , Měšťanová Lucie
Published: February 2019

The paper introduces the first results from a new steam/air wind tunnel built in order to study the coarse water droplets in steam turbines and their formation. The wind tunnel was designed with the aim to have a testing facility with similar flow conditions for the study of liquid films as found in steam turbines. The tunnel is equipped with common devices for the measurement of the flow and for the analysis of the diameter distribution of the droplets. Two measurements methods were used for the measurement of the droplets size, photogrammetry and light scattering. The liquid film is artificially produced on an airfoil placed in the nozzle and liquid is pumped by a dosing pump on the surface of the airfoil. Coarse droplets formed from the liquid films have a negative effect on the reliability and efficiency of the turbines due to the erosion and corrosion by the droplets impact on the leading edges of the blades.
COMPARISON OF TOTAL PRESSURE FLUCTUATIONS IN STEAM TURBINE STAGES WITH DIFFERENT DEGREE OF REACTION
Authors: Jelínek Tomáš , Němec Martin , Milčák Petr
Published: February 2019

The contribution deals with analysis of unsteady pressure measurement in one and half axial turbine stages. The measurement was performed in VZLU air test turbine. Two stages geometries with different degree of reaction were tested in this work. Comparison of unsteady flow field behaviours is discussed.
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE IMPACT ON MICRO GAS TURBINES: EXPERIMENTAL CHARACTERIZATION
Authors: Rossi Iacopo , Traverso Alberto
Published: February 2019

In the panorama of gas turbines for energy production, a great relevance is given to performance impact of the ambient conditions. Under the influence of ambient temperature, humidity and other factors, the engine performance is subject to consistent variations. This is true for large power plants as well as small engines. In Combined Cycle configuration, variation in performance are mitigated by the HRSG and the bottoming steam cycle. In a small scale system, such as a micro gas turbine, the influence on the electric and thermal power productions is strong as well, and is not mitigated by a bottoming cycle. This work focuses on the Turbec T100 micro gas turbine and its performance through a series of operations with different ambient temperatures. The goal is to characterize the engine performance deriving simple correlations for the influence of ambient temperature on performance, at different electrical loads. The newly obtained experimental data are compared with previous performance curves on a modified machine, to capture the differences due to hardware degradation in time. An active management of the compressor inlet temperature may be developed in the future, basing on the analysis reported here.
MARKET AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN COGENERATION AND COMBINED HEAT AND POWER PLANTS
Authors: Slad Jan , Pickard Andreas , Strobelt Frank
Published: February 2019

The transition of energy mix in Europe is placing greater focus on energy efficiency. Lawmakers in some of EU countries have already recognized that combined heat and power generation (cogeneration, CHP) can help increase energy efficiency. Targeted promotion and subsidization have raised the cost-effective profitability of cogeneration plants significantly. But how can the economic value of this investment be maximized?
Numéro 143 - Janvier 2019
Authors: Attanasi Gautier , Bodart Vincent , Courtoy François , Fontenay Sébastien , Ounnas Alexandre , Sauvenier Mathieu
Published: February 2019

Après avoir été soutenue en 2017, la croissance de l’économie belge est redevenue plus modeste en 2018. L’expansion de l’économie belge resterait modérée en 2019. Alors que la demande intérieure devrait être soutenue par l’amélioration de la situation du marché du travail et du pouvoir d’achat des ménages, de même que par un certain optimisme des entreprises, la contribution de la demande étrangère serait en revanche réduite en raison d’un ralentissement de la croissance de l’économie mondiale et du commerce international. De 1,5 % en 2018, la croissance du PIB belge diminuerait à 1,3 % en 2019.

En résumé , nos prévisions macroéconomiques pour 2019 sont les suivantes:

L’économie belge devrait croître de 1,3 % en 2019.

L’emploi augmenterait, en termes nets, de 37.900 unités en 2019.

Le nombre de demandeurs d’emploi diminuerait de 15.200 unités en 2019.

L’inflation générale des prix à la consommation s’élèverait à 1,8 % en 2019.

Le déficit budgétaire des administrations publiques serait de 1,6 % du PIB en 2019.
Report on the “Advanced Big Data Training School for Life Sciences”, Barcelona 3th-7th September 2018
Authors: Hoang Yen , Pfeil Juliane , Zagorščak Maja , Thieffry Axel Y. A. , Zdravevski Eftim , Ramšak Živa , Lameski Petre , Schulze Sabrina K. , Papakonstantinou Eleni , Papageorgiou Louis , Singh Tarry , Duarte-López Ariel , Pérez-Casany Marta
Published: February 2019

The “Advanced Big Data Training School for Life Sciences” took place during September 3-7, 2018, organized by the Data Management Group (DAMA-UPC) at the Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) in Barcelona, Spain. It is the follow-up training school of the first “Big Data Training School for Life Sciences”, held in Uppsala, Sweden, in September 2017, which was defined and structured at the “Think Tank Hackathon”, held in Ljubljana, Slovenia, in February 2018. The aim of this training school was to get participants acquainted with emerging Big Data processing techniques in the field of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics.This article explains in detail the development of the training school, the covered contents and the interaction of the participants within and out of the training event by the student, organizer and lecturer perspective.
Biodegradation of 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid by Phanerochaete chrysosporium
Authors: Madaj Rafał , Kalinowska Halina , Sroczyński Witold , Szeląg Jakub , Sobiecka Elżbieta
Published: February 2019

Despite intensive efforts put on prevention of environment pollution by nitroaromatic compounds, these xenobiotics have not been eliminated from the biosphere. The physicochemical properties make nitroaromatics extremely recalcitrant to biodegradation. Therefore, microbial degraders of these pollutants are sought after. This paper reports preliminary results of the study on degradation of 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) by a basidiomycetous fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium under stationary conditions in a culture medium containing 0.05–0.5% v/v of DNS. The results obtained suggest that the fungus degrades DNS through the reductive pathway.
Notes on Knaster-Tarski Theorem versus Monotone Nonexpansive Mappings
Authors: Khamsi Mohamed Amine
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this note is to discuss the recent paper of Espínola and Wiśnicki about the fixed point theory of monotone nonexpansive mappings. In their work, it is claimed that most of the fixed point results of this class of mappings boil down to the classical Knaster-Tarski fixed point theorem. We will show that their approach is very restrictive and fail to have any meaningful usefulness in applications.
Identification and Analysis of Defect in Forging Tools by Non-Destructive Detection Method
Authors: Czánová Tatiana , Holubják Jozef , Czán Andrej , Kubala Ondrej , Pavlusík Tomáš , Pobijak Jozef , Daniš Igor , Křístek Ivo
Published: February 2019

The forging tool has its irreplaceable location across a wide range of industrial production including automotive, aviation and bearing industry. The use of forging tools in serial production has led to a huge increase in consumption of forging tools. By following the productivity and economic benefits of using the tools, the need for rapid and flexible tool renovation is also growing. It is primarily based on the reliable identification and analysis of cracks occurring during operation. This article deals with the application of non-destructive detection technology in assessing the size of the defects of forging that arise in the molding process.
Phytoconstituents from Polyscias guilfoylei leaves with histamine-release inhibition activity
Authors: Ashmawy Naglaa S. , Gad Haidy A. , Al-Musayeib Nawal , El-Ahmady Sherweit H. , Ashour Mohamed L. , Singab Abdel Nasser B.
Published: February 2019

Phytochemical investigation of Polyscias guilfoylei leaves extract (PGE) led to the isolation of nine compounds, that is, ent-labda-8(17),13-diene-15,18-diol (1), stigmasterol (2), spinasterol (3), N-(1,3-dihydroxyoctadecan-2-yl) palmitamide (4), panaxydiol (5), 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosylstigmasta-5,22-diene-3-β-ol (6), (8Z)-2-(2 hydroxypentacosanoylamino) octadeca-8-ene-1,3,4-triol (7), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (8), and tamarixetin 3,7-di-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (9). Compound 4 is reported in this study for the first time in nature whereas compound 9 is reported for the second time. Structural elucidation of the compounds was carried out using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Electrospray Ionization coupled with Mass Spectrometry spectroscopic analyses. PGE and compounds 4 and 9 exhibited weak cytotoxicity against both MCF-7 and HCT-116 cell lines using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide assay. The antimicrobial activity of PGE and compounds 4 and 9 was evaluated using the agar diffusion method. Escherichia coli was the most susceptible Gram-negative bacteria toward PGE with a minimum inhibitory concentration value of 9.76 μg/mL, whereas compounds 4 and 9 did not show any antimicrobial activity. Compound 4 exhibited promising inhibition of histamine release using U937 human monocytes with an IC50 value of 38.65 μg/mL.
Decolourization of Reactive Dye from Aqueous Solution using Electrocoagulation: Kinetics and Isothermal Study
Authors: Gautam Kajal , Kumar Sushil , Kamsonlian Suantak
Published: February 2019

Reactive dyes are essential materials for the modern lifestyle due to rapid industrialization and urbanization, but they cause adverse effects on the environment. This research work aimed to decolourize the synthetic aqueous solution containing Reactive Black B (RBB) dye using electrocoagulation (EC) process with iron electrodes in batch reactor. The effect of operational parameters such as initial pH (3–9), the distance between electrodes (0.5–2 cm), current density (1.1–8.4 mA/cm2) and initial dye concentration (100–400 mg/L), was investigated in the presence of sodium chloride to maintain the conductivity of electrolytes. Under optimal value of process parameters, high decolourization (99.6%) was obtained at 25 min. The experimental data showed that pseudo-second order kinetics with a correlation coefficient (R
2 = 0.97) and Sips isotherm with a correlation coefficient (R
2 = 0.98) were found to be well fitted for kinetic and adsorption equilibrium models, respectively. The economic efficiency was also calculated on the basis of electrical energy consumption (EEC), specific electrical energy consumption (SEEC), and current efficiency, respectively. Moreover, characterization of EC generated sludge was also carried out by proximate analysis, IR spectra and XRD analysis. The results revealed that EC process using Fe electrode is quite efficient and clean process for decolourization of reactive dye from aqueous solution.
Olasz repülő által ledobva (a mieink által nagy gonddal elkobozva)
Authors: Samu Botond Gergő
Published: February 2019

On the 100th anniversary of the Great War several exhibitions, many literature has been brought to light on several themes and genres. Thanks to the expanding field of interest, the research of the First World War propaganda does not focus on the Western Front only. This monograph tries to introduce the aerial propaganda leaflets of the Italian Front and shows some interesting examples of them. These leaflets can be found in the National Széchényi Library’s onetime First World War Collection, founded on September 1914. The two opposing forces (Austria-Hungary and Italy) faced variant problems and they had to solve them different ways. On the Italian side, the propagandists tried to undermine a multicultural and multilingual empire, creating an enemy, so they blamed the Germans – even if they were Prussians or Austrians – forcing the other nationalities to fight this aimless war for the German’s sake. On the other side, the Austro-Hungarian propaganda machine denounced the Italian government as traitors and they tried to convience the lower classes that their war is pointless and unjust, and they have to pay with their own blood for the madness of their politicians and high command. Each side also tried to find a common ground – historical or cultural – to prove each other that they should not be enemies.  
In this level of the war they also used graphic materials, like caricatures and other drawings, basically small placards, thrown on the enemy’s trenches, or even photographs of the ’happy life’ in the camps settled for the prisoners of war.  
The collection also keeps some interesting primary documents on the flight of the Italian poet, Gabriele D’Annunzio over Wien (Volo su Vienna) that reveals the mindset of the Austrian High Command and government right after the act. 
Photo: National Széchényi Library
A nők szerepe a Magyar Iparoktatás folyóiratban – a női iparoktatás és munkavállalás megítélésének változásai az első világháború éveiben
Authors: Vörös Katalin
Published: February 2019

Some historical and pedagogic works studied the history of the Hungarian vocational education in recent years. Only a few attention was given to the female industrial education, although the examination of these topic could give new aspects to the social process of 19–20th century, the changing gender roles and the emancipation efforts. The War definitely intensified the economic, social changes and the political process in the early 20th century. At the same time many questions has been arising in connection with the vocational education: How did the war affect the (female-)vocational education and the male-dominated public sphere? What kind of opinions and conceptions were prevailed about the women’s work and education? My study is seeking the answer to these questions. The representation of the female industrial education is examined in media history approach during the World War I in my paper, paying particular attention to one of the most important official journal the ‘Magyar Iparoktatás’ (Hungarian Industrial Education).
A New Small-Scale Test Apparatus for Modeling Buried Pipes under Axial or Lateral Soil Loading
Authors: Franco Yara Barbosa , Silva Jefferson Lins da , Valentin Clever Aparecido
Published: February 2019

This article describes a new small-scale test apparatus (2.10 m long, 0.50 m wide, and 0.50 m high) to study the behavior of small-diameter buried pipes subjected to both axial and lateral soil loading. The developed equipment innovates by not requiring a pullout system or additional objects inside the soil to apply the soil load on the pipe. Instead, soil loading is achieved by a simple mechanism of tilting the test box using an inexpensive manually controlled uplift system. The proposed apparatus aims to investigate the influence of different surcharge loads, soil cover ratios, soil densities, and pipe diameters. Besides, a camera support bolted to the apparatus structure enables image acquisition during testing with negligible relative movement between the digital camera and the apparatus. The applicability of this new facility is demonstrated through two model tests carried out to study the influence of soil density in soil/pipe response for a pipe subjected to lateral soil loading and with a soil cover ratio of 3.55. Results are presented in terms of pipe strains and soil displacements, which were measured using the digital image correlation technique.
Prática Projetual: Design e Marketing para a valorização do Turismo Rural local
Authors: Gottinari Saarah , De Araújo Neves Helena
Published: February 2019

Este artigo tem o intuito de apresentar os resultados projetuais obtidos por meio de uma pesquisa desenvolvida junto aos cursos de Design da Universidade Federal de Pelotas. O foco de tal investigação concentrou-se no campo do Design Gráfico, voltado para as áreas de Identidade Visual, marketing e turismo. Este artigo, por sua vez, tem por objetivo apresentar parte dos resultados obtidos com a referida investigação, expondo, em especial, os processos mercadológicos que levaram à criação de uma nova Identidade Visual para a Rota Pelotas Colonial, localizada na colônia de Pelotas – cidade ao sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Os resultados obtidos ilustram o quão complexa é a criação de uma Identidade Visual, principalmente quando é preciso representar vários empreendimentos em uma só marca – como era o caso da Rota investigada.
Large-Scale 3–5 Hz Oscillation Constrains the Expression of Neocortical Fast Ripples in a Mouse Model of Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Authors: Sheybani Laurent , van Mierlo Pieter , Birot Gwénaël , Michel Christoph M. , Quairiaux Charles
Published: February 2019

Large-scale slow oscillations allow the integration of neuronal activity across brain regions during sensory or cognitive processing. However, evidence that this form of coding also holds for pathological networks, such as for distributed networks in epileptic disorders, does not yet exist. Here, we show in a mouse model of unilateral hippocampal epilepsy that epileptic fast ripples generated in the neocortex distant from the primary focus occur during transient trains of interictal epileptic discharges. During these epileptic paroxysms, local phase-locking of neuronal firing and a phase–amplitude coupling of the epileptic discharges over a slow oscillation at 3–5 Hz are detected. Furthermore, the buildup of the slow oscillation begins in the bihippocampal network that includes the focus, which synchronizes and drives the activity across the large-scale epileptic network into the frontal cortex. This study provides the first functional description of the emergence of neocortical fast ripples in hippocampal epilepsy and shows that cross-frequency coupling might be a fundamental mechanism underlying the spreading of epileptic activity.
DETERMINATION OF OPINIONS ON PLANT AND ANIMAL BASED NUTRITION OF STUDENTS IN A FOUNDATION UNIVERSITY, AND EVALUATION OF RESULTS FOR FOOD SUSTAINABILITY
Authors: DURUKAN Arzu , GÜL Açelya
Published: February 2019

This study was conducted with
310 students of a university, to determine the approach of new generations to
the plant-based diet and/or animal-based diet, and to examine the contribution
of this approach to sustainable food. The data were evaluated using descriptive
statistics in the computer. In the study, 97.7% of the participants had a mixed
diet, 63.5% preferred to consume animal products for a healthy eating pattern.
79.7% stated that animal-based products cause more harm to nature. 66.5% of the
participants stated that they could change their diet to protect nature. While
it is not possible to transition wholly to plant-based nutrition culturally and
geographically, as a result of this research, it can be said that nutrition and
environmental education needs to be enriched through state and international
organizations in order to achieve sustainability at every stage of the line
from production to consumption.
Community-University Engagement: Case Study of a Partnership on Coast Salish Territory in British Columbia
Authors: Bain Margaret (Mali)
Published: February 2019

In the context of expanding community engagement efforts by universities and growing awareness of the past and current impacts of settler-colonialism in Canada, this study explores one Indigenous-settler, community-university partnership. Building on a framework of community-university engagement and decolonization, this case study explores a partnership between Fraser Valley Aboriginal Children and Family Services Society (Xyolhemeylh) and the Division of Health Care Communication at the University of British Columbia (UBC-DHCC). This partnership, called the “Community as Teacher” program, began in 2006 and engages groups of UBC health professional students in three-day cultural summer camps.  This qualitative case study draws on analysis of program documents and interviews with Xyolhemeylh and UBC-DHCC participants. The findings of the study are framed within “Four Rs”—relevance, risk-taking, respect, and relationship-building—which extend existing frameworks of Indigenous community-university engagement (Butin, 2010; Kirkness & Barnhardt, 1991). Committed to a foundation of mutual relevance to their missions, both community and university partners undertook risk-taking, based on their respective contexts, in establishing and investing in the relationship. Respect, expressed as working “in a good way,” likewise formed the basis for interpersonal relationship-building. By outlining the findings in relation to these four themes, this study provides a potential framework for practitioners and researchers in Indigenous-university partnerships
Indigenous Methods and Pedagogy: Revisiting Ethics in Community Service-Learning
Authors: Padmanabha Swapna
Published: February 2019

This paper looks at the development of a teaching module intended to enhance students’ understanding of ethics in a community service-learning (CSL) class. This module, created to meet academic (western) learning outcomes for CSL, is based upon Indigenous pedagogy and methods, and offers a non-western framing of specific community service goals, particularly reciprocity and transformative dissonance. The paper proposes that moving toward Indigenous or other ways of knowing offers students and instructors an entry point into decolonizing practices and into alternate ways of experiencing service, transformative learning, and power dynamics. The paper also includes a discussion of the theory behind the teaching module and focuses on the intertwining of ethical research protocols (from Tri-Council policy, OCAP® principles, and elsewhere), service-learning goals, and Indigenous methods within the context of settler colonial practices and policies. Alongside other traditional service-learning outcomes, the primary goal of the module is to encourage students to become critical thinkers reflecting on the mechanics of power and social inequity as they experience social justice founded upon the ideals of relationship building.
Humanities for Humanity
Authors: Duncan John
Published: February 2019

Since 2007, the Humanities for Humanity (“H4H”) course has brought together student experience beyond the classroom, educational experiences for community members who could not otherwise attend university, discussion of social justice, and studies in the humanities. By discussing a selection of rich and influential primary texts from the humanities, course members are introduced to a rudimentary history of the present, focussing on who we have become as members of a concrete social and political reality intersected by capitalism, bureaucracy, liberalism, socialism, anti-essentialism, and post-colonialism. Both the texts and the student-participant encounters are rich, and the sessions are guided by two central classical ideals: the activity of learning is primarily an end in itself, and the most important thing to learn may be who we are. The core course content of H4H is outlined, and the ways in which H4H connects student mentors and community participants are discussed. Implications are drawn regarding what makes H4H a unique form of community service-learning in which service is virtually eclipsed by learning in a process that subverts barriers between people.
Experiential Learning in Circles of Safety: Reflections on Walls to Bridges and Dewey’s Theory of Experience
Authors: Harris Judith
Published: February 2019

This paper discusses a Winnipeg-based community-university partnership structured as a set of interlinked “Circles of Safety” to support criminalized women while incarcerated and after their release. The four Circles include university, community, social co-operatives, and corrections; these circles contain the action research activities we are undertaking to provide greater safety for women transitioning from prison into the community. The motivation for our prison education program, which draws on the American Inside-Out Program and the newer Canadian Walls to Bridges Program, comes from these four directions and is energized by a belief in the human right to education. This paper argues that the success of both American and Canadian programs is explained by an approach to prison education that is complementary to John Dewey’s principles of educative experience, specifically principles based on continuity and interaction. Adapting and extending Dewey, the Circles of Safety model described in this paper maintains the value of experiential learning, which is defined as learning in situations that begin with the experience that the learners already have and subject matter that is within the scope of their ordinary life-experience, leading to their formation of purpose.
Imagination Practices and Community-Based Learning
Authors: Davis Simone Weil
Published: February 2019

Informed by my experiences in prison/university co-learning projects, this essay centres two community-based learning practices worth cultivating. First, what can happen when all participants truly prioritize what it means to build community as they address their shared project, co-discovering new ways of being and doing together, listening receptively and speaking authentically? How can project facilitators step beyond prescribed roles embedded in the charity paradigm of service-learning to invite and support egalitarian community and equity-driven decision-making from a project’s inception and development, through its unfolding and its assessment? Second, the sheer fact of a project taking place in the marginal place between two contexts gives all participants—students, faculty, community participants and hosts—the opportunity for meta-reflection on the institutional logics that construct and constrain our perspectives so acutely. What can we do, by way of project-conception and pedagogy, to open up those insights? The vantage that “the space between” provides can bring fresh understanding of the systemic forces at work in the lives of the community participants. And the university’s assumptions about itself and its place in the world can also suddenly appear strange and new, objects of scrutiny for students and community members both.
Reflections of a CSL Groupie
Authors: Hennig Jane
Published: February 2019

The Volunteer Action Centre has been an active supporter of community service-learning and other forms or community-engaged scholarship in partnership with three large post-secondary institutions in Waterloo Region. Over the years, staff have connected with local and national projects to enhance our understanding of engaged scholarship and try to translate that knowledge to benefit our community. This article explores the personal reflections of a community partner/broker. The author has a high level of respect for the institutions that connect their students, faculty, and staff with the community of which they are a part, but also has experienced some of the challenges of bureaucracy. This reflection attempts to share some of the ground-breaking work of local community-post-secondary partnerships while acknowledging some of the very real challenges of this kind of shared work.
EVALUATION OF PROBIOTIC CANDIDATE IN COMBINATIONWITH TUBER EXTRACTS FROM CORALLOCARPUS EPIGAEUS (ARN.)CL. FORASSESSMENT OF IN VITRO ALPHA AMYLASE INHIBITION ACTIVITY
Authors: R. Gehloth Bhumika , B Ishnava Kalpesh
Published: February 2019

Probiotics are living microbial adjunct which has a beneficial effect on host. Plant extracts such as those from Corralocarpus epigaeus often shows antimicrobial effect. Thus, there is always confusion about the using of herbal medicine or plant extractsinco-administration with probiotics supplement. The aim of the study was to show the synergistic action of probiotic bacteria in combination with plant extract from Coralocarpus epigaeus on alpha amylase inhibition activity. Alpha amylase inhibitors offer an effective strategy to lower the levels of post prandial hyperglycemia via control of starch breakdown. The probiotic bacterial culture in combination with different solvents for plant extraction viz. hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol showing higher alpha amylase inhibitory activity compare to organic plant extract. The present study shows that the control having zone of diameter(3cm) and methanolic plant extract (2cm) and with Lactobacillus (0.9cm) which isconsideredgood % inhibition (70%) compare to all organic solvent. While, the methanolic plant extract (2cm) and Bifidobacterium (1cm) also showed moderate % inhibition (66.66%) compare to all organic solvent. The results indicate that combination of plant extracts with probiotic cultures showing highest percentage of alpha amylase inhibition. This study revealed that synergistic actionis probiotic and plant extracts can be used to control post prandial hyperglycemia.
NANOTECHNOLOGY ENROLMENT IN FOOD AND FOOD SAFETY
Authors: K. Sonawane Sachin , P. Patil Sonal , S. Arya Shalini
Published: February 2019

Nanotechnology, today, characterizes medicine and food industry. It covers various aspects of food sector like fermentation, neutraceuticals but a greater influence has been observed in the sector of food safety. Nanoemulsions are being used in various fortification purposes such as calcium and rice bran oil. Nanotechnology has been extensively applied in transport vehicles using proteins and lipids to deliver bioactive nutrients. Various other sectors have been covered by this technology such as reinforcement and membrane formation processes which explores packaging area. It has also been found functional in the detection o toxic chemicals, heavy metals, pesticides and drug residues from food products. The present review articles focuses on the different areas of food sectors employing nanotechnology with its wide applications.
EFFECT OF FEEDING ON GROWTH AND BLOOD BIOCHEMISTRY OF MALE FALLOW DEER
Authors: Pavlik Ales , Slama Petr , Bures Daniel , Kotrba Radim
Published: February 2019

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of the barley grain and lysine supplement in the diet of fattened fallow deer males on the growth intensity and biochemical parameters of the blood plasma. A total of 30 male fallow deer between 10 and 11 months of age were divided into three groups: G – grazing, B – grazing with barley supplement and BL – barley supplement with addition of LysiPearl ™. Body weight, daily weight gain, total protein, albumin, urea, creatinine, total bilirubin, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, gamma-glutamyl transferase were determined at the end of fattening. Significantly higher (p < 0.05) body weight and weight gain were found in the group supplemented with barley and lysine in the diet. Supplement of grain and lysine increased significantly (p < 0.05) total protein, albumin and creatinine concentration in blood plasma of monitored animals. At the same time lower catalytic concentration of ALT (p < 0.05) and AST in supplemented groups was found.
OPTIMIZATION OF FREEZING CONDITIONS FOR CRYOPRESERVATION OF RAT SPERMATOGONIAL STEM CELL
Authors: Syvyk Tetyana , Djachenko Leonid , Syvyk Andrew
Published: February 2019

Different cell types demonstrate an individual response to the doses of DMSO in freezing media that cannot be calculated empirically. Such situation requires experimental adjustment of the dose of the main cryoprotectant for each cell type. The purpose of the work was to optimize the basic composition of the cryopreservation medium for the rat spermatogonial cell lines, to investigate the time period of the initial storage of the cells at –80° C, as well as the effect of the ratio of volume of the freezing medium to the number of cells on their subsequent survival after recovery. Our data demonstrate that the 8% DMSO is the most effective concentration of the cryoprotectant. Furthermore, we tested different time of initial storage of cryovials in a commonly used “Mr. Frosty” Freezing Container at –80ºC. Our results suggest that 12 hours period (overnight) provides enough time for primary freezing step at –80ºC. Optimization of the volume of freezing medium revealed, that 0.5 ml, compared with 1.0 ml of medium for rat spermatogonial stem cells allows more effective preservation and long-time cryostorage of low numbers of cells (3×104) with successful recovery of up to 50% of the frozen cell population. Additionally, we attempted to improve the freezing medium composition by supplementing its base formulation with sucrose and/or trehalose. The use of optimal concentration of DMSO (8%) in the medium in combination with a 200mM of trehalose resulted in an increase of spermatogonia viability after recovery by more than 12% compared to the original composition of SG (Spermatogonia Growth) medium containing 10% of DMSO.
POSSIBILITIES OF LECTIN HELIX POMATIA AGGLUTININ (HPA) USE IN RABBITS INSEMINATION
Authors: Fik Martin
Published: February 2019

The aim of this work was to analyse the effect of incubation HPA (lectin Helix pomatia agglutinin) with ID (insemination dose) on reproduction parameters (conception ratio, number of live and dead born of pups and birth weight of pups) of rabbits. The experiments were carried out under conditions of 2 rabbit breeds (production breed P and experimental breed E). Fresh ID, in sperm concentrations 25 mil. / 0.5 ml ID, were divided into control ID (without HPA) and experimental ID (with HPA). HPA was added to the experimental ID in concentrations 1µg HPA / 1x106 spermatozoa (30 - 60 minutes of incubation before AI – artificial insemination). Conception ratios obtained from 2 different breeds (P, E) showed minor improvement ( + 2.67 % P; + 7.36 % E) between the monitored groups of females, however without statistically significant differences (P χ2 = 0.03; E χ2 = 0.11). Number of live born pups in litter obtained from breeds P and E showed minor improvement (+ 0.37 pcs P (p>0.05); + 0.95 pcs E (p≤0.05)) compared to the control groups. The weight of live pups among the monitored groups was comparable. It can be concluded from the present study that incubation of ID with lectin HPA had been positively affected by the observed reproductive parameters. The statistically significant difference was found only in the number of live-born pups in the litter. The price of lectin is too high for breeding in common breeding practice.
INHIBITION EFFECTS OF SOME ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS FROM SALVIA OFFICINALIS L. ON THE GROWTH OF SELECTED GRAM-NEGATIVE AND GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIAL STRAINS
Authors: Císarová Miroslava , Ürgeová Eva , Hleba LukÃ¡Å¡ , Charousová Ivana , Božik MatÄj , Klouček Pavel , Maliar Tibor
Published: February 2019

In the present study, the antimicrobial activity of sage oil, some of its pure components (1,8-cineole, borneol and ɑ-ß thujone) and sage extract were investigated against selected strains of Gram-positive bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli). The antimicrobial activities of the used antimicrobials agents were determined by using the micro broth dilution method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. The percentage of bacterial growth was determined by measured absorbance on a Microplate Reader Opsys MRTM, Dynex (Chantilly, USA). The best minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was found against Gram-positive bacteria S. aureus CCM 4223 by sage essential oil with MIC50 96.05 μg/mL. The results from the percentage growth of tested bacteria showed that antimicrobial agents inhibit more Gram-positive, than Gram-negative bacterial strains.
The chemical composition of sage essential oil (EO) was analysed using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Sage EO contains primarily ɑ -thujone (14.00 %), borneol (12.90%), camphor (12.90%), (−)-Isopulegol (10.10%), ß-thujone (8.40%) and 1,8-cineole (8.00%). The antioxidant properties of sage oil (71.55%) and sage propylene glycol extract (60.93%) were measured by testing their scavenging effect on DPPH radical activities. Due to antibacterial activity of the tested antimicrobials from sage, the problem of microbial resistance to conventional antibiotics could be treated by pharmaceutical industries to manufacture antibacterial drugs.
Wound Healing Activity of Consciousness Energy Healing Treatmenton HFF-1 Cells and DMEM Using Scratch Assay
Authors: Jana Snehasis , Trivedi Mahendra Kumar
Published: February 2019

The wound healing activity using scratch assay is considered as a convenient in vitro tool for the assessment of wound healing. The present study deals with the optimization of Biofield Energy Treatment (Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment-The Trivedi Effect®) in the HFF-1 cell line (Human Foreskin Fibroblast) and DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium) using scratch assay against positive control, recombinant Human Epidermal Growth Factor (Hu EGF, 30 ng/mL). This methodwas used for the determination of cell proliferation and migration of fibroblast quantitatively in the scratched wounded area. The scratched area was monitored after 24 hours of wound closure in the Biofield Energy Treated HFF-1 cells and the Biofield Energy Treated DMEM groups, and the representative photomicrographs were taken in each wells using WimScratch Image analysis software. The results showed that the Biofield Energy Treated DMEMwassignificantly higher percentage of fibroblast migration i.e. 51.8%, while the migration was altered in the Biofield Energy Treated HFF-1 cell line compared to the baseline control group. In addition to, the percentage of scratch area was significantly decreased by 2.7% in the Biofield Energy Treated DMEM group, while it was increased by 12% in the Biofield Treated cells group compared to the baseline control group. Overall, the experimental results concluded that The Trivedi Effect® has the significant capacity and wide implications in wound healing activityvia cell culture media, DMEM as compared with the HFF-1 cell line directly. Biofield Energy Healing would be a complementary and alternative medicine that can be used against burn injury cases, acute wound, skin regeneration, eczema, diaper rash, chickenpox, measles, warts, acne, hives, wrinkles, ringworm, Rosacea, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, skin cancer, etc.
Los mames y la formación de la frontera Cuchumatanes-Soconusco en el siglo XIX
Authors: Del Carpio Penagos Carlos Uriel
Published: February 2019

En este artículo se estudia la formación de la frontera México-Guatemala en el área que denomino Cuchumatanes-Soconusco. Se analiza en particular el siglo xix, a partir de la anexión de Chiapas a México en 1824 hasta la firma del tratado de límites de 1882 y su concreción en 1892. Este territorio es habitado por población de habla mam desde antes de la época colonial. A lo largo del siglo xix se formó la frontera entre México y Guatemala y, aunque los mames no participaron en la guerra de independencia, la integración a México de la provincia de Chiapas generó cambios políticos y administrativos, quedando este pueblo entre dos naciones en formación. Utilizando fuentes de primera mano procedentes del Archivo General de Centroamérica (agca), en este artículo se analiza el papel de los mames en el proceso de formación de la frontera y la dinámica de ocupación del territorio hasta la definición cartográfica, jurídica y política de la línea.
Reseña de Masa Goro. La crianza de “personas verdaderas” entre los macuna del bajo Apaporis”.
Authors: Cure Salima
Published: February 2019

Masa Goro. La crianza de “personas verdaderas” entre los macuna del bajo Apaporis”. Dany Mahecha, 2015. Leticia: Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Imani
Interview with Dr. Steve Walsh
Authors: Perna Cristina Becker Lopes
Published: February 2019

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Thinking Beyond Imitation
Authors: Balco William M.
Published: February 2019

This study explores the manufacture, use, and archaeological classification of ceramic commensal vessels from western Sicily dating from the late Iron Age and Archaic periods (approximately 900-600 BC), addressing the stylistic transformation of pottery manufactured by indigenous Sicilians following social contact, interaction, and entanglement with foreigners. Potters blended various styles of form and decoration to manufacture ceramic vessels which continue to challenge theoretical frameworks that attempt to classify and interpret them. Previous studies have utilized models of material imitation and emulation, yet have seldom explored the social significance of their production and use. More recent studies break from these predecessors, applying post-colonial perspectives to evaluate critically and contextualize these products of social entanglement. Unfortunately, many of these interpretations fail to distinguish between material and behavioral classifications, inadequately employing theories of social behavior to characterize material culture. Here, the distinction between material and behavioral classification is emphasized, differentiating between physical styles and the social behaviors associated with the production, use, and discard of objects. The concept of mixed-style artifacts is presented as an alternative to previous classificatory models, distinguishing and parsing between material and behavioral classifications to contextualize and understand these artifacts. Using this approach, mixed-style Sicilian pottery can be classified more objectively, divorcing such classifications from subjective biases. Consequently, such pottery appears to be a product of local potters who, operating as communities of practice, incorporated elements of foreign style alongside indigenous ones, creating a material manifestation of the social middle ground. In this way, the mixedstyle concept varies from strict imitation as it more accurately accounts for the selective incorporation of particular styles to synthesize something new, albeit familiar.
Light Absorption and Photoluminescence Quenching Properties of Bulk Heterojunction Materials Based on the Blend of Poly(n-vinylcarbazole)/poly(n-hexylthiophen)
Authors: Phan Long Dinh , Nguyen Dinh Nang , Nguyen Nam Phuong Hoai
Published: February 2019

The enhancement of light absorption and photoluminescence quenching properties of the bulk heterojunction systems which were fabricated using poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK); poly(N-hexylthiophene)(P3HT) and fullerene derivative 1-(3-methoxycarbonyl) propyl-1-phenyl-[6,6] C61 (PCBM) were investigated. The optimized material showed a broad absorption in the region from ultra violet to near infra-red and the luminescence quenching higher than 90%. The obtained results provide further insight into photophysics of the heterojunction system and device performance improvement by using this system as an active layer.
Absorption of Electromagnetic Waves by Fe\(_3\)O\(_4\)/Paraffin Composite Materials
Authors: Nguyen Hong Thi Minh , Nguyen Duy Van , Nguyen Co Dang , Bui Tu Dinh , Pham Thang Duc
Published: February 2019

Electromagnetic pollution in general and the harmful effects of microwave radiation in particular on environment is currently in the urgent stage. To eliminate the effect of electromagnetic energy the most common methods relies on the use of absorbing materials with large absorption capacities in wide frequency band. In this paper, we investigate the capability of absorption of electromagnetic waves of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in paraffin basis. The Fe3O4/paraffin composite materials were prepared with a weight ratio of 35%/65%. The dielectric constant (εr) and the magnetic permeability (μr) in the frequency (f) range from 8 to 18 GHz were measured for various sample thicknesses. The results indicated a large dielectric loss and strong thickness dependence of absorption capacity. The maximum absorption coefficient (RL) is of order -13.6 dB, corresponding to the achieved absorbance of 96,9% for the 2.6 mm of sample thickness. The experimental results are consisted with our simulation calculation.