bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving Digital Library Experiences and Support with Online Research Guides
Authors: Brewer Laura , Rick Holly , Grondin Karen A.
Published: September 2017

With a goal of improving the development and delivery of effective online information literacy resources, the purpose of this study was to look at how program level and the timing of the introduction of a Literature Review library guide influenced online business student perceived value of the resource.  A population of undergraduate business students (N=355) and online MBA students (N=319) were introduced to a Literature Review library guide during specific points in their programs.  Students were asked to complete an online survey that included 17 closed-ended items designed to measure perceived usefulness, satisfaction and likeliness to use the guide again.  The survey also included two open-ended questions asking students to discuss those elements of the guide they found most valuable and whether any features had not been included in the guide, but which they would have liked to see. The data collection strategy required faculty post information about the Literature Review library guide and the survey in their courses at two specified times in the course. A low response rate (3.5%) resulted from inconsistencies in faculty including information about the guide and study in their courses.  Although the small sample size (n=24) limited the planned analysis and resulted in no statistical significance between groups, descriptive findings were reported, and trends were used to revise the resource and inform future development of library research guides. Overall, students reported being satisfied with the resource and found it usable.  Graduate students were more likely to report elements of the guide that supported effective search and evaluation strategies were valuable; whereas, undergraduate students tended to value the links to writing resources.  Student feedback also suggested that the earlier the guide was introduced in the program, the more likely students would use the resource.  Adopting a model that embeds resource guides early, and aligning guide content with the curriculum should lead to increased use of the resource.
Revised Community of Inquiry: Examining Learning Presence in a Blended Mode of Delivery
Authors: Pool Jessica , Reitsma Gerda , Van den Berg Dirk
Published: September 2017

Abstract This paper presents a study grounded in the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework using qualitative content analysis and focus group interviews in an effort to identify aspects of learning presence in a blended learning course. Research has suggested that the CoI framework may need additional emphasis based on the roles of strategic learners in online environments. Consequently, this qualitative study investigated the extent to which learning presence, the fourth presence of the CoI framework, manifested itself in a blended mode of delivery. The specific focus was on learning presence and how it precipitated in a blended-learning environment. Findings from the study indicated that a lack of self-regulation skills, such as time-management, coordination, and management of tasks, influenced the learning presence and required a stronger teaching presence. We concluded that self-regulation skills are supportive of effective learning in a blended learning environment.
An examination of factors that impact the retention of online students at a for-profit university
Authors: Sorensen Chris , Donovan Judy
Published: September 2017

Online learning has continued to grow in recent years. However, retaining students in online courses and programs has posed a challenge. Whether the university is public, private, offers both face-to-face and online programs, or is 100% online, retaining students in online programs can be an issue. This study reflects the widespread desire at a large online for-profit university to improve student retention rates. The goal of the research was to provide further insight into why students may decide to drop out of online programs. Participants consisted of former undergraduate students at the university in the College of Education who dropped out without providing a specific reason for doing so. The study used a non-experimental mixed methods approach collecting data from university databases, an online survey, interviews, and classroom walk-throughs. Data analysis employed techniques such as frequency calculations, a MANOVA, and qualitative content analysis. Results from the MANOVA revealed statistically significant results when examining student GPA and last course grade. Furthermore, data collected from the online survey, interviews, and classroom walk-throughs revealed common reasons for why students may drop out of online programs.
Exploring Differences in Business Undergraduate Perceptions by Preferred Classroom Delivery Mode
Authors: Blau Gary , Drennan, Jr. Rob
Published: September 2017

The purpose of this study was to compare business undergraduate online/hybrid course perceptions across three different preferred classroom environment delivery modes: online, hybrid or face-to-face (F2F). Four different perceptions were measured: perceived favorability of online/hybrid courses (PFoOc); intent to recommend online/hybrid courses; perceived learning; and timely graduation. Undergraduates who were taking at least one online or hybrid class voluntarily completed an online survey. In the fall 2015 a complete-data sample n of 264 respondents was obtained and in the spring 2016 the complete-data sample n was 272. Consistent results across both samples were found for three of four outcomes. Undergraduates who preferred either online or hybrid classroom delivery had significantly higher PFoOC and intent to recommend online/hybrid courses than students preferring F2F. There were no differences in perceived timely graduation across the three classroom delivery mode groups, and inconsistent results were found for perceived learning. The fall sample showed no differences on perceived learning but for the spring sample, undergraduates preferring either an online or hybrid delivery mode perceived higher learning than F2F preferred-mode students. A new, short four-item measure of PFoOC was found to reliable. As universities increase their online and hybrid course offerings keeping course integrity or equivalence between F2F and online/hybrid course sections will be important. Ways to increase the PFoOC for undergraduates who prefer F2F are suggested. Increased PFoOC should lead to higher intent to recommend online/hybrid courses.
Social Development Model : Poverty Alleviation Based on Spirituality
Authors: Nurdin Muhamad Fadhil
Published: September 2017

This article is a model of social development for poverty alleviation based on spirituality. Social development requires thinking that is consistent between the conception and the practice. Social development activities is a business that is relentless, as long as there is still the problem of human life and require completion. Focus on building human with the goal of allowing people to enjoy life in a creative, healthy and prosperous. It is expected become constructive model for the government's poverty alleviation. This article is based on qualitative research and content analysis. All data were obtained from literature sources, official documents, books, journals and newspapers. The findings have been integrating the concept of man's spiritual well-being into a social development model for poverty alleviation in Indonesia. In particular, the proposed model is an alternative model to incorporate some of the positive elements of the western paradigm and spiritual aspects, especially from the perspective of Islam. The proposed model was developed based on the creativity in the establishment of a comprehensive social policy.
EKSPLOITASI PASIR BESI DAN DAMPAK LINGKUNGAN SOSIAL, BUDAYA, EKONOMI PADA MASYARAKAT DI PESISIR PANTAI SELATAN JAWA BARAT
Authors: Yunita Desi
Published: September 2017

Eksploitasi pasir besi sejauh ini dilihat sebagai salah satu potensi yang cukup menguntungkan bagi peningkatan ekonomi, namun dalam prosesnya muncul resistensi dari masyarakat. Penelitian ini untuk melihat sejauh mana aktivitas pertambangan pasir besi yang dilakukan di Kecamatan Cidaun memberikan dampak pada perubahan lingkungan sosial, budaya dan ekonomi masyarakat khususnya di Desa Kertajadi. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Pemilihan metode ini lebih didasari oleh kebutuhan untuk memperoleh data dan informasi mendalam yang membutuhkan pendekatan yang personal sehingga data yang diperoleh dapat dianalisis secara akurat dengan otentisitas data yang tak terbantahkan karena merupakan temuan langsung dari informan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya aktivitas penambangan pasir besi di Desa Kertajadi telah mendorong terjadinya perubahan dalam masyarakat baik itu perubahan sosial, budaya, maupun ekonomi. Hal itu terlihat dari terjadinya perubahan struktur dalam masyarakat dimana penambangan pasir besi ini telah mendorong munculnya struktur-struktur informal baru dalam masyarakat akibat dari adanya aktivitas penambangan. Aktivitas penambangan juga telah mendorong munculnya perubahan budaya dalam masyarakat dimana masyarakat yang awalnya mengandalkan budaya subsisten, terdorong untuk melakukan dominasi pada salah satu sumberdaya tertentu khususnya wilayah pantai. Perubahan pola mata pencaharian ini juga telah mendorong perubahan ekonomi, dimana muncul relasi ekonomi akibat dari adanya aktivitas pertambangan.
PENGEMBANGAN WISATA KOPI BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DI DESA WARJABAKTI KABUPATEN BANDUNG
Authors: Gunawan Wahyu
Published: September 2017

Pengembangan desa wisata sebagai salah satu strategi meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dewasa ini semakin banyak diminati. Sebagai negara dengan keragaman budaya, panorama alam, kearifan tradisi, dan juga sejarah peradaban yang tinggi menjadi daya tarik yang paling memungkinkan untuk dimunculkan sebagai upaya meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Penelitian ini adalah salah satu upaya untuk mengetahui sejauh apa pertanian dan budidaya kopi Arabica specialty yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat dapat menjadi daya tarik pariwisata yang akan mendorong meningkatnya kesejahteraan bagi masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teori partisipatif sebagai alat analisisnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas dan kultur masyarakat petani kopi arabica di desa Warjabakti sangat memungkinkan untuk dikembangkan menjadi salah satu destinasi wisata tematik berbasis pertanian kopi arabica. Hanya saja, hasil analisis partisipatif menunjukkan bahwa rencana pengembangan desa wisata tersebut belum secara luas diketahui oleh masyarakat bahwa desa mereka akan dijadikan salah satu desa wisata. Hal ini tentunya dapat menghambat, karena desa wisata merupakan suatu kesatuan gagasan yang dikembangkan bersama-sama oleh seluruh masyarakat. Kesimpulannya adalah bahwa meskipun secara potensi baik tradisi, panorama, ataupun aktivitas hariam masyarakat petani kopi sangat memungkinkan untuk dijadikan suatu aktivitas pariwisata namun untuk menjadi desa wisata tersebut, perlu dilakukan upaya-upaya penunjuang untuk dapat mewujudkan rencana pengembangan desa wisata tersebut.
MODEL PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA (STUDI KOMPARATIF DESA JAYAGIRI, KECAMATAN LEMBANG DAN DESA SARONGGE, KECAMATAN PACET)
Authors: Sutrisno Budi
Published: September 2017

Tourism development is an effort directed, planned and sustainable, and is influenced by various factors. Therefore, the development of tourism not only need a strategy but also a model that can be applied in accordance with the characteristics of the region. Based on the analysis of the various existing models, most of give attention to regional development and economic aspects (production, distribution and marketing) while giving attention to the macro-structural and cultural environment that affect tourism (social, economic, political, cultural). This model in addition to emphasize the authenticity of which is tourism that takes into account the locality and characteristic regions also emphasize the involvement/participation in tourism development. However, this model also has the disadvantage that does not have a clear stages and steps should be taken to develop an area/region which has the potential for tourism. This model also does not explain how the process of community involvement in self-help in developing tourism as well as components of social capital that can be used. Based on that later drafted a model of the development which is a refinement of the model developed by Nasikun. Models with a pyramid-shaped stages are sequential, starting from organizing society is the core in community empowerment and ending with marketing. The model is built in this paper based on the results of a comparative study that is in Kampung Sarongge which has become a tourist village and village Jayagiri which has the potential to be developed into a tourist village.Keywords: tourism development, tourism pyramid model, tourism village, community
MELAMPAUI POSTMODERNISME: KAJIAN TEORITIS TERHADAP PEMIKIRAN ROBERT SAMUELS TENTANG AUTOMODERNITY
Authors: Wirawan I  Made Aryasuta
Published: September 2017

The rapid development of information technology and its futuristic lead us into a new era that changed the face of human civilization. New media has become a base structure in accelerating the development of the global community in the last two decades. Digital and virtual sides attached to the new media has brought human interaction and community level to the most complex. Social interaction is in the form of the peak of its evolution where the boundaries between the real and the virtual becomes blurred, and as if no longer relevant when distinguishing the two realms. Human habitus which was originally driven by empirical external world is now automatically changed since information technology products such as mobile phones are no longer exist merely as a communication tool but also as a means of kontrolling and diggers knowledge. This article is a kind of theoretical review of Robert Samuels theory named automodernity as a new cultural stage. He explains emancipatory ideals that originally carried the new media makes us are in a paradoxical situation for the automation of social and individual autonomy attract each effect, Automodernity is a reaction to postmodern emphasis on social and cultural conflict with individual autonomy celebrate the ability to exploit and explore irregularities (unregulated) and the social systems automatically.Keywords: postmodernity, automodernity, autonomy, automated technology, digital youth
Modal Sosial Dalam Penanggulangan Bencana Banjir (Kasus Di Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat)
Authors: Muhamad RA. Tachya , Sekarningrum Bintarsih , M. Agma Yusar
Published: September 2017

Bencana banjir seringkali terjadi di wilayah Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat. Beberapa manajemen bencana banjir telah dilakukan di wilayah ini, tetapi seringkali hanya bersifat teknis seperti normalisasi sungai dan penanganan yang bersifat sosial seperti merelokasi penduduk. Tetapi berbagai upaya ini belum mampu menyelamatkan penduduk dari musibah banjir. Studi ini mengidentifikasi berbagai faktor dari kapital sosial yang ada di masyarakat yang tinggal di wilayah banjur serta menganalisa peranan LSM didalam merespon bencana banjir di Kabupaten Bandung. Studi ini menggunakan pendelatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode pengumpulan data wawancara, pengamatan, dan dokumentasi di tiga desa yang paling menderita akibat banjir di Kabupaten Bandung. Ketiga desa tersebut adalah Bojongsoang, Dayeuh Kolot dan Bale Endah. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terjadi penguatan kapital sosial di ketiga desa meskipun dengan karakteristik yang berbeda. Ketahanan sosial dimiliki oleh penduduk Dayeuh Kolot dan Andir dimana struktur masyarakatnya didominasi oleh kelas menengah dan berpendidikan sehingga mereka lebih independen dan responsif ketika menghadapi bencana banjir. Sementara penduduk Desa Bojongsoang relatif lebih mengalami ketergantungan ketika ketika banjir terjadi disebabkan masig banyaknya penduduk miskin dan terisolir secara geografis. Kehadiran LSM yang membantu korban banjir secara teknis cukup membantu tetapi disisi lain mendorong terjadinya ketidakpedulian serta ketergantungan terhadap bantuan pihak luar.
PERUBAHAN INFRASTRUKTUR SOSIAL SEBAGAI IMPLIKASI PERUBAHAN SISTEM PERTANIAN (Kasus Pada Masyarakat Petani Kelapa Sawit)
Authors: Yunita Desi
Published: September 2017

Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya perubahan sosial dalam masyarakat petani adalah perubahan system pertanian. Masyarakat yang awalnya merupakan petani subsisten, saat ini telah berubah menjadi petani yang berorientasi industry dengan menjadi petani monokultur kelapa sawit. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui perubahan infrastruktur social yang terjadi sebagai konsekuensi dari perubahan sistem pertanian tersebut. Metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, serta studi dokumentasi dipilih sebagai teknik dalam pengumpulan data. Analisis hasil penelitian menggunakan analisis materialisme budaya oleh Marvin Harris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya perubahan system pertanian telah mendorong terjadinya perubahan sosial mendasar dalam masyarakat. Perubahan mendasar ini sering disebut sebagai perubahan infrastruktur. Adapun perubahan-perubahan yang termasuk dalam perubahan infrastruktur tersebut adalah pada mode produksi seperti perubahan pola tanam, pola produksi dan teknologi, aktivitas kerja, dan fungsi lahan. Dan perubahan mode reproduksi berupa perubahan komposisi penduduk dengan adanya penambahan jumlah penduduk melalui transmigrasi..
Fenomena Ojek Didalam Kampus Universitas Padjadjaran dan Relasi Sosial yang Terbangun di Dalamnya
Authors: Lantri Distyatami , Gunawan Wahju , Yunita Desi
Published: September 2017

Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menjelaskan relasi sosial pada kelompok ojek yang berada di dalam kampus Universitas Padjadjaran Jatinangor dengan melihat hubungan antar sesama ojek, kampus Universitas Padjadjaran dan hubungan yang terbangun antar sesama tukang ojek pangkalan tersebut. Pendekatan yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, dimana penentuan informan dilakukan menggunakan teknik purposive. Adapun pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan untuk menguji validitas dan keabsahan data, dalam menganalisa data hasil penelitian tersebut, proses triangulasi data mutlak dilakukan. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa relasi sosial yang terjalin antar sesama tukang ojek di pangkalan yang sama maupun dengan tukang ojek yang berbeda pangkalan memperlihatkan kecenderungan assosiatif dan dissosiatif. Meskipun begitu kecenderungan relasi sosial assosiatif lebih terlihat daripada dissosiatif. Adapun hubungan kelompok ojek yang ada di lingkungan kampus dengan kampus unpad sendiri juga menunjukkan relasi sosial yang dissosiatif.
Studi Etnograﬁ Virtual Tentang Belajar Bisnis Untuk Ibu Rumah Tangga di Saluran Youtube Belajar Berbisnis
Authors: - Rachmaniar
Published: September 2017

Sekarang, jika seseorang membutuhkan info tentang sesuatu, orang tersebut akan mencarinya melalui YouTube. Salah satu video yang memberikan informasi yang dibutuhkan seorang ibu rumah tangga yang terkait dengan peluang bisnis adalah 7 Peluang Usaha Rumahan yang cocok untuk Ibu Rumah Tangga di saluran YouTube Belajar Berbisnis. Video ini memiliki lebih dari 200 ribu tampilan. Berdasarkan fakta tersebut, penulis tertarik untuk menganalisis komentar netizen yang terkait dengan video bisnis tersebut. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, penulis menggunakan teori uses and gratification dengan tradisi penelitian etnografi virtual. Hasil yang ditemukan oleh penulis adalah banyak ibu rumah tangga yang ingin belajar bisnis, yang ingin memiliki bisnis rumahan, namun mereka memiliki ketakutan gagal dalam berbisnis, bingung berbisnis, dan tetap menganggap modal sebagai salah satu faktor penentu kesuksesan berbisnis. Komentar netizen terkait dengan video 7 Peluang Usaha Rumahan yang cocok untuk Ibu Rumah Tangga di saluran YouTube Belajar Berbisnis: banyak netizen yang memberikan komentar positif mengenai video tersebut, 2) Ada netizen yang memberikan komentar negatif mengenai video tersebut, dan 3) Ada netizens yang mengungkapkan beberapa pertanyaan terkait video yang diupload.
PRAGMATISME PARTAI ISLAM DI INDONESIA: PENDEKATAN TINDAKAN SOSIAL
Authors: Herdiansah Ari Ganjar
Published: September 2017

Partai-partai Islam di Indonesia dianggap telah jauh bergeser pada skema tindakan pragmatis, meninggalkan tindakan-tindakan ideologis dalam berbagai kebijakan politiknya. Karenanya, partai Islam dianggap tidak lagi memiliki identitas yang jelas setelah mereka memiliki platform yang tidak berbeda dengan partai-partai nasionalis sekuler. Artikel ini menggali lebih jauh konsep pragmatisme partai Islam dari pendekatan tindakan sosial. Dengan menyandang ideologi Islam, partai-partai Islam dituntut untuk melahirkan kebijakan dan tindakan yang sesuai dengan semangat spiritual keislaman. Tetapi di saat yang sama, sebagai organisasi partai mereka juga dituntut profesional dan fleksibel dalam rangka meraih tujuan-tujuan politiknya. Mereka berada di antara dua ranah, yang satu penuh dengan dimensi moralitas, yang satu lagi terkadang bersifat amoral. Di Indonesia, partai Islam senantiasa beradaptasi dengan lingkungan dan sistem politik demokratis, sehingga menuntut mereka menjadi pragmatis, meskipun identitas dan isu-isu keagamaan masih menjadi persoalan pokok bagi eksistensi mereka.
Footbridge Dynamic Performance Assessment Using Inertial Measurement Units
Authors: Brownjohn James M. W. , Bocian Mateusz , Hester David
Published: September 2017

Dynamic performance of footbridges is still a great concern to designers, operators and users, with many structures requiring investigation before, during and after construction to manage performance.

We have been investigating the use of wireless inertial measurement units (IMUs) designed for biomechanics, health and sports science application for estimating human dynamic loads or ground reaction forces (GRFs) on structures. The aim has been to move from direct measurements using force plates and treadmills, via optical motion capture in the laboratory (with application of Newton's Second law), to unconstrained field conditions. Initially we used IMUs to evaluate pedestrian synchronisation, but we found that a single IMU attached to the C7 neck vertebra can provide a remarkably accurate estimate of vertical GRF. With an ability to communicate and synchronise within a group wirelessly, to identify orientation and transform accelerations into world coordinates, IMUs can identify both the GRF force vectors and their time varying location with a moving pedestrian. As a side-benefit, the signal to noise ratio and synchronisation accuracy are sufficient to enable low-cost wireless footbridge ambient vibration testing and monitoring. So far we have used IMUs for ambient and forced vibration testing (the latter using a human shaker), moving pedestrian load and response measurement and crowd tracking. There are many more possibilities.
Modelling Construction of Footbridges with Cables
Authors: Lozano-Galant Jose A. , Turmo José
Published: September 2017

The usual moderate dimensions of footbridges allow design architects (and sometimes engineers) to provide such structures with capricious forms. Under such circumstances, the analysis of the service state is usually very thorough, devoting to the study of the construction stages much less attention. However, it is very well known that the construction procedure can determine the service stage. Moreover, dimensions of footbridges also allow a wide range of construction procedures. For example, when cables are used to help to support the deck, as in cable stayed bridges, those are, namely, cantilever method, temporary support method, movement of the bridge to its final position as well as bridge launching. When the cables are used in tied arch bridges most of the previously mentioned methods might be used, especially temporary support method, movement of the bridge to its final position as well as bridge launching techniques. Having this in mind, it is crucial for the designer and for the contractor to have practical tools for construction control of the tensioning process of the stays, as this will condition the service stresses of the bridges. This is challenging, as the prestressing of one stay affects the stresses of the already installed stays. This paper will present a procedure to calculate the stress to be given to the first strand of a stay when the strand by strand tensioning technique is used. Also, a procedure to modify the tensioning process of a cable supported bridges to minimize deviation between design and actual stay stresses in service will be presented.
New Real-Time Controlled Semi-Active Tuned Mass Damper for Human, Vortex and Wind Excitations
Authors: Weber Felix , Distl Hans , Spensberger Simon , Benicke Oliver , Huber Peter , Braun Christian
Published: September 2017

The concept of a new real-time controlled TMD based on a semi-active oil damper for human, vortex and wind excitations is described. The desired control force is formulated based on the feedbacks of actual structural acceleration and actual relative motion of damper mass. The associated feedback gains are tuned by the control engineer with respect to the TMD specifications. The desired semi-active control force is generated by a semi-active oil damper with controlled bypass valve in order to minimize energy consumption of the actuator and to maximize fail-safe behaviour, i.e. the system automatically behaves as a correctly tuned passive TMD in case of power break down. The numerical case study of a footbridge demonstrates that the vibration reduction due to the real-time controlled TMD is the same as expected from a passive TMD with approx. 4 times bigger damper mass. On the other hand, for same damper masses, the efficiency of the real-time controlled TMD is far higher than that of the passive TMD without generating greater relative motion amplitudes of the TMD mass.
The Effect of Runners on Footbridges - A Case Study
Authors: Zäll Emma , Garmendia Purroy Javier , Andersson Andreas , Ülker-Kaustell Mahir
Published: September 2017

Due to an increasing interest in recreational running, groups of jogging people becomes a more frequent load case on footbridges. The studies related to runners on footbridges are very limited and according to current design guidelines, running loads can be neglected. This study aims at investigating if the effect of running pedestrians on a footbridge is negligible. In order to do so, a case study comprising field tests and numerical simulations using three modelling approaches is performed. For a group of walking people, the footbridge experiences accelerations well below the limit given by the design guidelines, while for a single person running, the acceleration limit is exceeded. Therefore, the main conclusion is that, in certain cases, it is highly motivated to include runners as a required load case in the design phase of a pedestrian bridge, even though walking might not cause any problems. Furthermore, it is concluded that, for this particular bridge, two of the numerical models give desirable correspondence between simulations and measurements.
Beer Sheva Footbridge, Rokach-Ashkenazi Engineers
Authors: Rokach Isaak , Levin Devan
Published: September 2017

The Beer Sheva Footbridge is a two-span lenticular truss bridge. The slender design and flexible piers cause several low frequencies in each of the three primary directions. In order to stiffen the bridge and still allow thermal expansion, a friction-based connection was designed which resists human induced vibration loads but slips under the large thermal loads. Stiffening the bridge in this way raised the frequency to 1.72Hz and lowered the participating mass to 24%. 6 TMD devices were designed for the bridge for vertical and horizontal vibrations.

On the eve of the 18th of June, all railway traffic was stopped and during a nightlong operation the southern span was lifted into place and welded to its supports. This span has a mass of 230 tons. The 430 ton northern span was lifted during a second operation and welded to its supports. Throughout the entire construction, the traffic was interrupted for less than 24 hours.
Demonstration Footbridges Made of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete and FRP Composites
Authors: Zatar Wael , Nguyen Hai , Mutsuyoshi Hiroshi
Published: September 2017

Civil infrastructure systems play an important role in many countries and the world is now facing a major challenge to build safe and sound bridge systems with long-term durability and low maintenance cost. A solution to this challenge can be obtained by proper utilization of advanced materials and innovative hybrid structural systems. Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites and ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) were used in this study to build light-weight, sustainable and cost-effective footbridges that can be applied in high-corrosive environments. The primary objective of this paper is to present case studies of two demonstration FRP-composite footbridges in Japan. The use of FRP-composite components (i.e. slabs, girders, handrails, cross-beams, etc.) in these bridges resulted in reduced self-weight and durable superstructure system. The two footbridges were designed and constructed based on the results of an extensive experimental program and theoretical/numerical analyses. The major components of the first bridge was composed of all-FRP materials. This bridge was assembled and erected in Hiroshima, Japan in 2011 to replace an existing deteriorated steel bridge. Following the successful construction of the first entire- FRP bridge, the second bridge was designed and fabricated in Miyagi, Japan in 2012 to enhance the strength and stiffness of the first bridge. The bridge consists of FRP-composite girders and ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) deck slabs. An overview of the two demonstration footbridges is discussed in the following sections.
Fuzzy Probabilistic Method of Footbridge Vibration Serviceability Assessment Under Pedestrian Loads
Authors: Ke Lu , Ma Rujin , Chen Airong
Published: September 2017

In this paper, a vibration serviceability assessment method for normal unrestricted pedestrian stream condition is proposed adopting the theories of random vibration and fuzzy probabilistic reliability. Considering the randomness nature of pedestrian dynamic forces, the load model is build from the probabilistic perspective. With the spectral modal force, the probability density function of maximum dynamic response is estimated by random vibration theory. The human perception to vibration is sorted into five grades which can be regarded as different fuzzy sets and each has a corresponding membership function which is gained from a fuzzy statistic experiment. Then the probabilities of maximum dynamic response belonging to each perception grade are gained by applying the reliability theory. The whole procedure is finally illustrated by an application of a real footbdige.
Model-Based Active Vibration Control for Next Generation Bridges Using Reduced Finite Element Models
Authors: Jirasek Robert , Schauer Thomas , Bleicher Achim
Published: September 2017

Due to high vibration sensitivity of ultra-light structures, active vibration control is required in future applications. To demonstrate the efficiency, a multi-modal active vibration control system was developed and implemented for a stress ribbon footbridge at Berlin Institute of Technology. Initially, the control design for the above mentioned stress ribbon footbridge based on an analytical plane rigid body model. But with increasing complexity of the structure analytical modelling becomes a challenging task. In this paper the potentials of using reduced finite element models for model-based design of active vibration control are investigated. For the example of the stress ribbon footbridge modal reduction is applied to a 2D and 3D finite element model. Results by means of the transfer behaviour between the actuator input and sensor output are compared to the existing experimentally validated analytical model and show good agreement. Hence, the reduced finite element models are suitable for model-based design of active vibration control. As proof, simulations show that the active vibration control delivers good results.
Assessment of Vibration Serviceability of a Large-Span Cable-Supported Footbridges in the Scenic Area
Authors: Wang Dalei , Ke Lu , Ma Rujin
Published: September 2017

Footbridges of the large span are prone to exhibit significant vibration when subjected to the dynamic excitation, which affects their serviceability. Thus many international codes regulate a dynamic check procedure. However, different provisions for such as load models and evaluation criteria are presented in different codes. Through comparison and reflection of several widely adopted codes, differences of these practical methods are put forward in this paper. Focusing on pedestrian density, a key parameter of the load model, field tests and investigations are conducted, after which a practical load model for high pedestrian density scenario is proposed and analyzed via numerical simulation based on a large-span cable-supported footbridge. Meanwhile, the buffeting response analysis is performed and wind-induced vibration of the deck has been obtained. Then the wind induced vibration comfort evaluation is carried out and shows the essential need of considering the influence of wind effect on the serviceability of large-span footbridges.
Design of 10 Footbridges in New Highway "Express Pass of Cuernavaca", Mexico
Authors: Patrón Alberto , Poon Clemente , Melo Augustín , Morales Ernesto , Reyes Eduardo
Published: September 2017

The Cuernavaca city is located 80 KM, south of Mexico City. The highway Mexico-Acapulco pass through the Cuernavaca city, and traffic jams are very important, particularly during weekends and holydays. For that reason the Ministry of Transports of Mexico started a program to expand the highway from 4 to 10 circulation lanes in the 14.5 KM of the highway zone that crosses the city of Cuernavaca. In that context 10 footbridges, placed over the highway were demolished and replaced with new ones with spans from 37 to 47 m. The bridges are arch type in steel. This type of structure was selected for aesthetic and structural reasons. Due to the high flexibility of the bridges, the dynamic behavior under pedestrian loading was studied and modifications to the original design were made in order to avoid unacceptable vibrations. The bridges are also placed in a high seismic region, and time history calculations considering non-linear behavior of the concrete piers were made in order to evaluate the dynamic response of the bridges under strong earthquakes. This paper presents the main issues of the design process of the bridges, and some important results concerning the dynamic and seismic design of them.
State of the Art new Products and Methods for Cable Bridges Small and Big
Authors: Siotor Igor G. , Hermeking Thomas , Schloegl Christian
Published: September 2017

This paper shall present new products and construction methods for cable bridges to address the issue of fatigue resistance and the need for load monitoring in tension members.

After a short description of the historical development of cable bridges, the focus changes to bridge systems using hangers of various types. Three typical examples, all bridges for tramways with high dynamic loads, are presented. Requirements and solutions for fatigue resistance and load monitoring, which are very relevant for such type of bridges, are described in detail.

Recent developments for cable and rod hangers are ensuring safe use for any bridges, even with high fatigue loads, as well as deliver monitoring data of forces during erection and the life span of the structure.
Origami Inspired Deployable &Movable Bridge for Disaster Relief
Authors: Hama Yuta , Ario Ichiro , Chikahiro Yuki , Adachi Kotaro , Watson Andrew
Published: September 2017

Using the latest technical developments in structural engineering, the basic mechanisms of the buckling and post-buckling response of a thin cylindrical shell under torsional or compression loading are reviewed. The deflection response deep into the large-deflection range is considered such that the shell is allowed to fold into a flat two dimensional form, via a mechanism reminiscent of a deployable or folding structure. The critical and initial post-buckling of Origami-folding effects are explored using the concepts of energy minimization and hidden symmetries. The concept is developed using Origami that is applied to a rapidly deployable, foldable, and movable bridge systems for multipurpose uses, predominantly in disaster relief for refugees and displaced people, is investigated. The concept for the structure has been inspired from Origami understanding and applying a scissors mechanism, a principle using linked, folding supports in a criss-cross 'X' pattern as a basic unit in the structural system. We review this new type of bridge system resulting in the Mobile bridge proposition which has the advantages of both simultaneously serving the specific purpose of providing relief for displaced people in times of need and in emergency situations.
"Tripod" Footbridge in Terni (Italy): On site Dynamic Characterization and Numerical Investigation of Lock-In
Authors: Manfroni Odine L. , Benedetti Renato
Published: September 2017

Benedetti Architects (formerly McDowell+Benedetti) and Manfroni Engineering Workshop were the winners of an international competition for a new 180m footbridge and improved railway station in Terni, Italy.

The structure, named “TRIPOD” due to its particular form, is made entirely of steel and the walking deck is finished with timber.

The bridge slenderness imposed to the designers much precaution to mitigate the oscillations due to both crowd and wind. Due to these precautions, during the design stage, wind tunnel tests were conducted to investigate the aero-elasticity of the structure. TMDs were also designed to account for vertical and lateral movement of the deck. They were placed under the floor at a location where the oscillations are at a maximum. Furthermore, on site dynamic characterization was undertaken to investigate the bridge's oscillations and to compare them with the design assumptions to properly calibrate the TMDs' performance.

Based on the amount of data recorded during construction of this bridge, this paper will investigate and present a model for the physical phenomenon of synchronization related to the oscillations induced on it by the passage of a group of people. Vortex shedding is also analyzed and reproduced by the same model.

Finally it will be shown that both phenomena are almost equivalent and that they can be reproduced in the same way. The base assumption for this paper comes from the theory of complex systems and the nonlinear dynamics which underlies these phenomena.
Vibration Analysis of a Long-Span Bridge with a Suspended Pavement System (SPS) Caused by the Vehicle Excitation
Authors: Cui Chuanjie , Ma Rujin , Wang Dalei , Chen Airong
Published: September 2017

In this research, to figure out the vehicle induced vibration of suspended pedestrian system(SPS), which is designed for pedestrians walking through the road bridge, the vibration analysis method based on vehiclebridge interaction theory is established. The maximum acceleration responses with different vehicle speeds and road surface roughness are calculated. Some suggestions are given to control the local vibration of SPS. The study shows that with the same vehicle speed and road surface roughness, the maximum acceleration of SPS is much larger than the main girder. The acceleration responses are increased along with the increasing of road surface roughness, but it has weak tendency to increase with the vehicle speed. By increasing the cantilever stiffness and SPS's overall stiffness, the local vibration problems of SPS at the middle span are effectively controlled. However, the method of increasing deck stiffness doesn't have obvious effect for the vibration control of side span.
A Conceptual Approach to Design Of Funicular Spatial Arches In Footbridges
Authors: Jorquera-Lucerga Juan José
Published: September 2017

A funicular spatial arch is a compression-only form free of bending stresses thanks to its warped geometry, i.e. which cannot be contained within a plane. Therefore, its design and construction may become more complicated than for classical planar arches. However, these arches can be, simultaneously, very efficient in structural terms and aesthetically pleasing. The great potential of these type of structures, that reduces dramatically the bending stresses due to out-of-plane loads, has not been fully developed yet. So far, very few theoretical studies have been carried out, and only some design proposals have been eventually built, such as the pioneering Ripshorst footbridge in 1997.

Thus, this paper tries to help to understand, from a conceptual point of view, the design process and advantages of a funicular arch (the so-called antifunicular). Some form-finding methods that can be used are briefly described, and the successive design steps are studied, beginning by the selection of the load case to be considered. The process is always iterative and may lead to redefine the structure topology, normally due either to functional requirements, such as clearance needs, or to aesthetical restrictions, such as self-imposing a previously defined cable arrangement. The paper finishes by emphasizing that the process cannot choose by itself the most efficient form, which must be selected by applying a secondary criterion, normally related to serviceability states.
Fundamental Study on Dynamic Property of Deployable Emergency Bridge Using Scissors Mechanism
Authors: Chikahiro Yuki , Ario Ichiro , Adachi Kotaro , Shimizu Shigeru , Pawlowski Piotr , Graczykowski Cezary , Holnicki-Szulc Jan
Published: September 2017

This paper presents a new type of emergency bridge, called Mobile Bridge, which can be quickly constructed in case of damage after a natural disaster. The concept of the bridge is based on the application of a scissors mechanism, which enables its rapid deployment. In the case of deployable structures as well as the static analysis of different configurations of expansion, it is important to investigate the dynamic behavior of the system. The high compliance and flexibility of the scissors-type bridge may influence the comfort and safety of users in case of heavy dynamic loads such as human-induced impacts, wind gusts, or earthquakes. Up to now, the authors have constructed several types of the experimental Mobile Bridges. The presented research reviews fundamental numerical and experimental results for the Mobile Bridge 4.0. Experimental testing included strain and acceleration measurements in free and forced loading conditions. From these results, it was possible to estimate basic mechanical characteristics, including the static and dynamic properties, of the bridge. The conducted research allows for better and safer design of the structure of the Mobile Bridge.
Time-Frequency-Based Analysis of Pedestrian Induced Vibrations Using a Two-Step Clustering Approach
Authors: Goldack Arndt , Jansen Andreas , Narasimhan Sriram
Published: September 2017

Vibration of footbridges caused by walking pedestrians is still an important research topic. The excitation is very complex and recent load models have shown to be sometimes un-conservative. Furthermore, cablesupported footbridges and stress ribbon footbridges have closely spaced natural frequencies. Well-known methods for modal identification such as frequency domain decomposition, subspace identification and blind source separation require comparatively long time series to work well. They sometimes have problems with transient frequency components of pedestrian induced vibrations. This paper presents a novel method to analyze the vibration of highly flexible footbridges. This method addresses three aspects: analyzing measurement data to understand the mechanics of the excitation, comparing the quality of load models with real excitation in the time-frequency domain and identifying modal parameters such as natural frequencies and mode shapes. This method utilizes a time-frequency analysis and a two-step clustering approach of the results. The implementation and advantages of this method are discussed using vibration data from an aluminum bridge at the University of Waterloo and a stress ribbon bridge at the TU Berlin. Furthermore, some interesting findings for pedestrian induced vibrations of both bridges are presented.
Example of an Urban Footbridge – A Safe Way Home
Authors: Biliszczuk Jan , Onysyk Jerzy , Sułkowski Mariusz , Toczkiewicz Robert
Published: September 2017

Heavy car traffic on main streets is a major problem of modern cities. In order to improve safety of pedestrians and maintain the car traffic flow, a separation of the two traffic types may be sometimes desirable. It can be achieved either by building underground passageways or footbridges. This paper presents the latter solution – a safe pedestrian route from a housing estate to a sports hall of the city centre of culture and sports in Jaworzno (Poland). The investor ordered a landmark structure that will lead pedestrians safely directly to the vicinity of the hall, crossing a busy street. The design assumes a five-span structure with the main cable-stayed span suspended to a steel column-shaped inclined pylon. The deck is a cost-efficient simple structure consisting of a steel grillage composite with a reinforced concrete deck slab.
Harlech Castle Footbridge - A Structure that Connects the Past with the Present
Authors: Andrasi Katalin , Duguid Brian
Published: September 2017

A new pedestrian crossing opened in August 2015 to visitors of Harlech Castle providing level access to the castle from the newly opened visitor centre. The installation of the new footbridge was possibly the most ambitious construction project to take place at Harlech since the building of the castle itself.

The paper tells the story of how this new footbridge came about, its design development from a two-span simple assembly into a three-span, modern, elegant Z-shaped structure which has captured the imagination of many. The footbridge has been nicknamed the “floating bridge”.

The paper also discusses the place of the footbridge within the history of the site, the positive and negative reactions that it received and how it has become part of the much-loved landmark site, featuring on newly commissioned souvenirs.
Dynamic Considerations in Case of Footbridges with Elevators
Authors: Vicente Miguel A. , Lichtenfels Achim , González Dorys C.
Published: September 2017

During the last two decades, there has been a significant increase of the number of footbridges including elevators. This is a very interesting solution to reduce the space of the lateral accesses to the bridge and to increase the comfort of the users, especially in case of handicapped users. In addition, the progressive reduction of the costs of the elevators has helped its use.

However, it is necessary to take into account the dynamic forces induced by the machinery, in order to achieve an adequate comfort level and to avoid resonance phenomena.

This paper shows the dynamic testing carried out on the “Zarautz Bridge”, placed in San Sebastián (Spain).

The results show that elevator provokes a vibration in the structure that can be measured by the sensors. During starting and stopping, impact loads appear and provoke and small-in-amplitude free vibration of the footbridge.

In this particular case, elevator does not provoke no comfort problems to the pedestrians. However, we should take the interaction footbridge-elevator into account during the design process, in order to prevent malfunctions of the structure.