bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on phenotypic evaluation of exportable goat at Organic and Akseker abattoirs in Modjo town of central Ethiopia.
Authors: Alkadir Gebeyehu , Mohammed Hussein , Assefa Dejen
Published: September 2022

Background: The Ethiopian livestock sector, which is mainly dominated by indigenous animal genetic resources, contributes significantly to the economy and food security of the country, providing livelihood for 37-87% of the country’s population. Conducting phenotypic characterization is a prerequisite for sustainable utilization, conservation and improvement of a breed through designing appropriate sheep breeding programs.
Methods and materials: Phenotypic evaluations of indigenous goats were conducted in Organic and Akseker Export abattoirs of Modjo district of Eastern Shoa zone of central Ethiopia. A total of 200 goats from both export abattoirs were sampled randomly for phenotypic evaluations.
Result: Length, weight, height, and heart girth of the animal were measured for each goat exported to both abattoirs. The results show that significantly (P<0.05) presence of clear phenotypic variations between and within these indigenous goats exportable to Akseker export abattoirs (Table 2) whereas heart girth significantly (P<0.05) increased by 20.271(CM) the length, weight (KG) and height increases by (0.163 CM), (0.256 KG) and (0.479 CM) respectively. However, there is no evidence showing any association with sex, age, body condition, and age of animals. The examined phenotypic parameters of goats exported to organic export abattoirs were measured and but there is no-showed significant (P-value >0.05) association between and within heart girth, height, and body length of the goats except for the high level of significant variations (P<0.05) between hearth girth on body weights which says when heart girth increases by 7.26 (CM) centimeters, the body weight significantly with P value (0.001) increases by 1.92 (Kg) kilograms as also indicated in Table 3.
Conclusions: To sustainably utilize these goat populations the production constraints should be solved and selective community-based breeding strategies should be designed and implemented.Therefore this study was aimed at improving the community-based breeding strategies of indigenous goats and their phenotypic traits exported to export abattoirs for meat consumption.
Association of Rural Living with COPD-related Hospitalizations and Deaths in US Veterans
Authors: Fortis Spyridon , Gao Yubo , Baldomero Arianne K , Sarrazin Mary Vaughan , Kaboli Peter J
Published: September 2022

It is unclear whether the high burden of COPD in rural areas is related to worse outcomes in patients with COPD or is because the prevalence of COPD is higher in rural areas. We assessed the association of rural living with acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPDs)-related hospitalization and mortality. We retrospectively analyzed Veterans Affairs (VA) and Medicare data of a nationwide cohort of veterans with COPD aged ≥ 65 years with a COPD encounter between 2011 and 2014 that had a follow-up until 2017. Patients were categorized based on residential location into urban, rural, and isolated rural. We used generalized linear and Cox proportional hazards models to assess the association of residential location with AECOPD-related hospitalizations and mortality. Age, sex, race, travel time to the nearest VA hospital, and comorbidity were included as covariates in the models. Of 165,996 patients with COPD, 45,045 (27.1%) experienced at least one AECOPD-related hospitalization over the study period. Rural (relative risk-RR) = 0.93; 95%CI:0.92 to 0.94;p < 0.001) and isolated rural residence (RR = 0.85;95%CI:0.82 to 0.87;p < 0.001) were associated with fewer AECOPD-related hospitalizations relative to urban residence. Travel time to the closet VA hospital was inversely associated with AECOPD-related hospitalizations. Among patients who were alive after discharge for their second AECOPD-related hospitalization, rural residence was associated with increased mortality risk (hazard ratio = 1.06; 95%CI = 1.01 to 1.10;p = 0.011).Rural living is not associated with AECOPD-related hospitalizations, but it is associated with 6% increased risk for death among patients who were alive after discharge following a second AECOPD-related hospitalization.
The constant/variable kinematics adjustment of the crosshead and the mold’s stability management in injection molding
Authors: Zhao Nanyang , Xu Zhongbin , Shan Yan , Zhou Houpan , Huang Xing
Published: September 2022

During the clamping process in an injection-molding machine, the mold’s movement is directly driven by the velocity of the crosshead. The form of the adjustment on the crosshead’s kinematics can influence the final dynamics of the mold, which can contribute to the stability of the clamping duration further. This article is aimed at investigating the kinematics analysis and the stability management strategy of the mold in the early design stage for the clamping mechanism. The two different velocity-controlled forms of the crosshead, constant and variable kinematics adjustments, are applied and compared in the clamping analysis. Three factors of the crosshead, the maximum velocity, the acceleration/deceleration stage adjustment, and the multi acceleration/deceleration process, are validated for the stability control of the mold’s motion in the injection molding process. The results show an extra “fast” process is detected in the constant condition when compared to the variable crosshead’s kinematics adjustment. Furthermore, by the reasonable adjustment of the maximum velocity and two special positions of the crosshead during the acceleration and deceleration stages, the maximum acceleration fluctuation of the mold is decreased by more than 50%, allowing the mold to move more steadily.
Subtle Energy Perception: Pilot Study with a Buddha Relic
Authors: Radin Dean , Wahbeh Helané , Delorme Arnaud , Carpenter Loren , Yount Garret , kyle fady
Published: September 2022

Objective: Clairvoyance denotes the purported capacity to perceive events or objects beyond the reach of the six senses. We investigated this ability in a laboratory experiment with four self-identified professional clairvoyants and three laboratory staff who did not consider themselves to possess clairvoyant skills (as controls). Participants were asked to use extrasensory perception to sense a Buddha relic said to emanate “subtle energy.” Before the experiment, the relic was placed inside an opaque container, and the participants were allowed to familiarize themselves with any subtle energies emitted by the relic. They were permitted to hold their hands next to the opaque container but not touch it. For each experimental session, the relic was placed inside an opaque container randomly arranged alongside nine other identical containers. In a series of ten consecutive experimental sessions, participants attempted to detect which container held the relic without touching any of the containers. Sessions were conducted inside an electromagnetically shielded room, and the research staff followed strict blinding procedures.
Results: The number of times that the container that held the Buddha relic was correctly identified was at or below chance for all participants.
2D materials-based photo-memristors with tunable non-volatile responsivities for neuromorphic vision processing
Authors: Hu Weida , Xiao Fu , Li Tangxin , Cai Bin , Panin Gennady , wang jinjin , Jiang Xiaoyong , Xu Hangyu , Dong Yi , Song Bo , Chen Fansheng , Chen Xiaoshuang , Lu Wei , Miao Jinshui
Published: September 2022

Conventional artificial-intelligence (AI) machine vision technology, based on the von Neumann architecture, uses separate computing and storage units to process the huge amounts of vision data generated in sensory terminals. The frequent movement of redundant data between sensors, processors and memory, however, results in high-power consumption and latency. A more efficient approach is to shift some tasks of the memory and computational to sensory elements which can perceive and process optical signal simultaneously. Here, we proposed a non-volatile photo-memristor, in which reconfigurable responsivity can be modulated by charge and/or photon flux through it and further stored in the device. The non-volatile photo-memristors consist of simple two-terminal architecture, in which photoexcited carriers and oxygen-related ions are coupled, leading to a displaced and pinched hysteresis of current-voltage characteristics. The non-volatile photo-memristors sets first implemented computationally complete logic for the photoresponse-stateful logic operations, for which the same photo-memristor serves simultaneously as logic gates and memory unit that uses photoresponse instead of light, voltage and memresistance as the physical state variable. Further changing the polarity of photo-memristors demonstrate great potential for in-memory sensing and computing with feature extraction and image recognition for neuromorphic vision processing.
Prediction of the potential Diagnostic Markers of Peripheral Arterial Disease by machine learning and the Correlation with the Ferroptosis and Network of Cancer Gene
Authors: Wang Huan , Zou Lin-Xuan , Wang Xing-Kai , Zhao Tian-Qi , Chen Ying , Zong Jun-Wei , Wang Shouyu
Published: September 2022

Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a widely and complex disease which also known as arteriosclerosis obliterans(ASO). This disorder causes an increasingly prevalence all around the world. Despite its high prevalence and huge disruptive impact on the social economy globally, a large proportion of patients that suffers from PAD cannot receive early and proper therapy. Even some patients are not diagnosed so clearly that they missed the PAD optimal treatment. However, seldom research on PAD’s early diagnosis was based on bioinformatics assisted by machine learning. And the correlation between PAD, ferroptosis and cancer is still unavailable. The aim at this study is to seek potential diagnostic markers for PAD and the related genes of PAD-ferroptosis and analyze the relationship to malignant tumors.
Methods: We used PAD datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. R software was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in PAD. Then we performed functional correlation Bioinformatics analysis such as Gene Ontology(GO) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis and Network of Cancer Gene (NCG) enrichment analysis. The protein–protein interaction analysis (PPI) network was also built and enriched for DEGs. The hub genes were acquired by Cytoscape software. Hub genes were taken to intersection with ferroptosis related genes for acquiring PAD-ferroptosis related genes. And we selected the key gene from hub genes by using support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression methods. By the use of R software, we drew the ROC curve to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of PAD.
Results: A total of 176 DEGs, containing 53 up-regulated and 123 down-regulated DEGs, were identified. FBXW7 and YWHAE were turned out to be the PAD-ferroptosis related genes. PAD has a potential correlation with many types of cancer. SMARCA4 and YWHAE can be treated as the diagnostic markers of PAD(AUC＞0.8).
Conclusion: To summarize, SMARCA4 and YWHAE were identified as diagnostic markers of PAD. FBXW7 and YWHAE were selected to be the PAD-ferroptosis related genes. YWHAE may be the crossing gene among PAD, a part of malignant tumors and ferroptosis.
Trial registration: Our reaserch was based on bioinformatic analysis and we obtained the date from Gene Expression Omnibus database.
Neonatal Care Practice and Associated Factors Among Postnatal Mothers Who Have Neonates in Ethiopia, Mixed Study
Authors: Baye Mahlet , Egata Gudina , Yeshanew Fanos , Kebede Natnael
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Neonatal care is caring for a newborn during the first 28 days of life from the moment it is born. Ethiopian mini demographic and Health Survey in 2019 revealed that 29 deaths per 1,000 live births with a larger share of (43%) all deaths of under-five mortality. Few studies identified variables associated with neonatal care practices were varied from place to place. However, little is known about the prevalence of neonatal care practice and associated factors in Ethiopia including the study area. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of neonatal care practice and associated factors among postnatal mothers who have neonates in Kombolcha town, 2021.

Methods

Community-based cross-sectional study supplemented with qualitative inquiry was conducted among 625 postnatal mothers in selected Kebeles of Kombolcha town from March 16 to April 16, 2021. Multistage systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants for quantitative study. Data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Eighteen participants for qualitative in-depth interview were selected through purposive sampling technique. After checking the completeness of the data, they were entered into Epi-Data version 4.6.0.2 then exported to Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25 for further analyses. Bi-variable and multivariable binary logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with the outcome variable of interest. Odds ratio along with 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated to assess the strength of association. Level of statistical significance was declared at P-value less than 0.05. Qualitative data were transcribed and coded during and after data collection period, then were analyzed manually by using thematic approach.

Results

Out of the total 606 participants, the prevalence of neonatal care practice was [49.7%, 95%CI: (45.72%, 53.68%)]. On multivariable logistic regression model, number of antenatal care visits [AOR = 3.28; 95%CI (1.40, 7.67)], birth interval of current baby [AOR = 2.56; 95%CI (1.06, 6.16)] and knowledge of mothers towards neonatal care practice [AOR = 8.66; 95%CI (4.83, 15.56)] were significantly associated with neonatal care practice.

Conclusion

The prevalence of neonatal care practice was relatively low among postnatal mother in Kombolcha town compared to other literatures. Number of antenatal care visits, birth interval of current baby and knowledge of mothers towards neonatal care practice were found be independent predictors. Therefore, findings of this study suggest the need to encourage spaced births interval, strengthen antenatal care follow-up and improve community awareness on neonatal care practices.
Relatives' experiences of visiting restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic’s first wave: a PREMs study
Authors: TACCHINI-JACQUIER Nadine , MONNAY Sévrine , BONVIN Eric , DUBUIS Julien , VERLOO Henk
Published: September 2022

Background:
During the COVID-19 pandemic, most countries introduced temporary visiting restrictions on the relatives of acute care hospital patients, whether or not they were infected with SARS-CoV-2. This affected relatives’ psychological and emotional states and how closely they could be involved in their loved one’s hospitalization.
Study Aims:
Investigate relatives’ experiences of visiting restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic’s first wave and of the support offered by Valais Hospital’s healthcare staff.
Method:
Relatives and patients who had been discharged between February 28 and May 13, 2020, were asked to complete a patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) questionnaire, whether or not they had been infected by SARS-CoV-2. Relatives were asked about how visiting restrictions had affected them, their perceptions of the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, the quality of communication concerning their loved ones’ health status during their hospitalization, and the information received from healthcare staff. Descriptive and inferential statistics were computed.
Results:
Of 866 PREMs questionnaires returned, 818 were analyzable, and 543 relatives had experienced visiting restrictions to their loved ones: 92 relatives (87%) of COVID-19 patients and 451 relatives (66%) of non-infected patients, with heterogenous effects on their psychological and affective status. Overall, whether or not relatives were subjected to visiting restrictions, they perceived themselves to be well treated, well informed, and that communication with hospital healthcare staff was satisfactory. However, relatives subjected to visiting restrictions reported significantly lower scores on the quality of communication than other relatives. The relatives of patients in gynecology/obstetrics and internal medicine wards were significantly more affected by visiting restrictions than were the relatives of patients in other wards. Numerous relatives subjected to visiting restrictions reported regular communication with their loved ones or with healthcare staff, at least once a day (n = 179), either via videoconferences using FaceTime®, WhatsApp®, Zoom®, or Skype® or via mobile phone text messages.
Discussion
Visiting restrictions affected relatives differently depending on the wards their loved ones were hospitalized in. Healthcare institutions should investigate the utility of visiting restrictions on patients, how they affect relatives, and how to improve personalized patient–relative communications.
Correlation changes of microbial communities and metabolites in tobacco waste extract during its fermentation with additional Zygosaccharomyces sp. MC-5K3
Authors: Shu Ming , Yang Yang , Pan Fanda , Bian Tengfei , Yuan Kailong , Liao Fu , He Wenmiao , Li Shitou , Xu Jian , Jiao Yang , Hu Tong , Zhong Weihong
Published: September 2022

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacumL.) is a very important economic crop in China but lead to a large quantity of tobacco waste during processing. Nowadays, industrial tobacco waste was mainly treated via reconstituted tobacco process by papermaking method, during which liquid tobacco waste extract (TWE) is the key fermentation step to control the final product quality. As bioaugmentation with specific functional microorganisms was one effective method in the quality optimization of fermented products, some native strains were isolated from TWE and used as bioaugmentation agents. In this study,Zygosaccharomycessp. MC-5K3 isolated from TWE was used as the additive to improve the quality of fermented TWE. The results proved that the addition ofZygosaccharomycessp. MC-5K3 significantly influence the microbial diversity of fermented TWE especially for the fungal groups thatZygosaccharomycesbecome the only dominant fungal genus instead of some pathogenic bacterial genera. Then the metabolomics profiling of fermented TWE showed that the variation in the concentration of 3-Hydroxybenzoic acid was the key influence factor on fermented TWE quality after MC-5K3 was added. The correlation analysis showed that the change of microbial diversity of the fermented production due to the addition of MC-5K3 leaded to some important differential metabolites such as 3-Hydroxybenzoic acid and finally improved various qualities of tobacco products. In conclusion, this study lays a theoretical foundation and new microbiology methods for improving the quality of tobacco products by new microbiology methods.
Oral bioavailability of microdoses and therapeutic doses of midazolam as a 2-dimensionally printed orodispersible film in healthy volunteers
Authors: Breithaupt Mareile H. , Krohmer Evelyn , Taylor Lenka , Koerner Eva , Hoppe-Tichy Torsten , Burhenne Juergen , Foerster Kathrin I. , Dachtler Markus , Huber Gerald , Venkatesh Rakesh , Eggenreich Karin , Czock David , Mikus Gerd , Blank Antje , Haefeli Walter E.
Published: September 2022

Purpose
Use of two-dimensional (2D) printing technologies of drugs on orodispersible films (ODF) can promote dose individualization and facilitate drug delivery in vulnerable patients including children. We investigated midazolam pharmacokinetics after administration of 2D-printed ODF (EudraCT 2020-003984-24).
Methods
Midazolam doses of 0.03 mg and 3 mg were printed on an ODF using a 2D drug printer. We investigated the bioavailability of the two midazolam doses with ODF swallowed immediately (ODF-IS) or delayed after 2 min (ODF-DS) by comparing their pharmacokinetics with intravenous and oral midazolam solution in 12 healthy volunteers.
Results
The relative bioavailability of ODF-IS 0.03 mg was 102% (90% confidence interval: 89.4–116) compared to oral solution and for 3 mg 101% (86.8–116). Cmax of ODF-IS 0.03 mg was 95.5% (83.2–110) compared to oral solution and 94.3% (78.2–114) after 3 mg. Absolute bioavailability of ODF-IS 0.03 mg was 24.9% (21.2–29.2) and for 3 mg 28.1% (23.4–33.8) (oral solution: 0.03 mg: 24.4% (22.0-27.1); 3 mg: 28.0%, (25.0-31.2)). Absolute bioavailability of ODF-DS was significantly larger than for ODF-IS (0.03 mg: 61.4%; 3 mg: 44.1%; both p < 0.0001).
Conclusion
This trial demonstrates the tolerability and unchanged bioavailability of midazolam printed on ODF over a 100-fold dose range, proving the suitability of ODF for dose individualization. Midazolam ODF-IS AUC0−∞ in both doses was bioequivalent to administration of an oral solution. However, Cmax of the therapeutic dose ODF-IS missed bioequivalence by a clinically not relevant extent. Prolonged mucosal exposure increased bioavailability.
Trajectories of freshwater microbial genomics and greenhouse gas saturation upon glacial retreat
Authors: Wei Jing , Fontaine Laurent , Valiente Nicolas , Dörsch Peter , Hessen Dag , Eiler Alexander
Published: September 2022

Due to climate warming, ice sheets around the world are losing mass, contributing to changes in runoff, loads of nutrients and organic carbon to recipient lakes and rivers, and on a longer time span to greening of terrestrial landscapes. These changes are expected to affect microbial communities and the release of greenhouse gases from these systems, and thus repercuss to climate. However, these repercussions are poorly constrained mostly due to limited knowledge on microbial responses to deglaciation. Using genomic and chemical data from freshwater chronosequences in Arctic Svalbard and Alpine Norway, we reveal the genomic succession from chemolithotrophic to photo- and heterotrophic microbial taxa upon glacial retreat and nutrient fertilization by birds. The highly resolved trait patterns were related to greenhouse gas concentrations including methane and carbon dioxide supersaturation. Although methanotrophs were present and increased along the chronosequence, methane consumption rates were low even in supersaturated systems. Nitrous oxide oversaturation and genomic information suggest active nitrogen cycling across the entire deglaciated landscape, and in the high Arctic, birds served as major modulators at many sites. Our findings show diverse microbial succession patterns, and trajectories in carbon and nitrogen cycle processes representing a positive feedback loop of deglaciation on climate warming.
Nutritional Habits and Lifestyle Changes of Nursing Students Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bayrak  , Oğuz Prof. Dr. , Sütcü Nurse , Şahin Nurse , Aydın Nurse
Published: September 2022

Aim
The research was intended to determine the nutritional habits and lifestyle change of nursing students before and during the pandemic of Covid-19.
Method
In the population of nursing department students at a public university in Istanbul, between January 2020 and December 2021 the sample is formed by 548 students who agreed to participate in the research and filled out the survey questions. Student Diagnosis Form and Nutritional Habits Index were used to collect the data.
Results
During the pandemic period, 71.2% of students eat three main meals, 56.9% have the habit of eating at night, 21.4% use vitamins, 40.5% do physical activity, 13% smoke, 7.7% drink alcohol and 76.5% have sleep disorders. Compared to the pre-pandemic period, it was observed that the risky eating behaviors of the students decreased during the pandemic and there were moderately risky eating behaviors (p = 0.000). In addition, students in the fourth grade (p = 0.015), non-smokers (p = 0.000), non-alcoholic (p = 0.030), those who did not gain weight during the pandemic (p = 0.015), those who did not skip meals (p = 0.002), and those who did not eat at night (p = 0.030). =0.000), those who doing exercise (p = 0.010), those who do not have sleep problems (p = 0.000) have less risky eating behaviors.
Conclusion
students' physical inactivity, night eating habits and sleep disorders have increased during the pandemic period. Those who do not smoke, do not drink alcohol, do not skip meals, do not gain weight, do not eat at night, exercise and have less risky eating behaviors during the pandemic period.
Analysis the anti-vaccination movement in Afghanistan
Authors: sadati kimia mohammadi and ahmad kalateh
Published: September 2022

Afghanistan is a country that, suffers with wars and problems related to health issues, and has many shortcomings. Especially in the area of infectious diseases such as measles, corona, paralysis, etc. There are many health challenges in remote areas since the spread of vaccines in this field in Afghanistan. Many groups opposed this process, including religious groups, rural women, clerics and other hidden groups that benefited from this. Therefore, this group talked about the harms of vaccination in mass media, gathered places and made people hesitate not to vaccinate, hence, this has become a challenge. The solution is to cooperate between the cooperating organizations and people who support the vaccine and increasing the level of public awareness of the vaccine, can go through a successful process in Afghanistan. Almost majority of Afghan people are Muslims, and this has played a constructive role in determining the success of vaccination groups, and most of the anti-vaccination movements arise among religious groups. The research conducted in 2017 by Ali Ahmed amid Islamic countries has reached the conclusion that in Islamic countries, parents value moral approvals to vaccinate their children and get fatwas from clerics to vaccinate them, and sometimes the clerics refuse to do it because of disorder. DNA is known and causes its lack of trust among people, which lays the foundation of anti-vaccination movements(Ali ahmad &etl, 201; 154P).
Spinal–pelvic sagittal imbalance and paraspinal muscle degeneration in patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis
Authors: BAO TIANLIAN , WANG YONGJIANG , ZHANG QINGXIN , GAO FENG , LIU HAO , TAO XIAOYANG , GAO GANG , YANG WUPENG , ZHANG TINXIN , ZHAO KEYU
Published: September 2022

Background: To explore the relationship between paraspinal muscle degeneration and changes in spine-pelvic sagittal parameters in patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS).
Method: Twenty-eight patients with DLSS and complete imaging data from January 2020 to January 2022 were included. The relative cross-sectional area (RCSA) and fatty infiltration ratio (FIR) of the multifidus (MF) and erector spinae (ES) were obtained on lumbar magnetic resonance imaging. The sagittal vertical axis, thoracic kyphosis (TK), lumbar lordosis (LL), pelvic incidence, sacral slope and pelvic tilt were analysed by Spearman rank correlation analysis, and the relationship between paraspinal muscle parameters and spine–pelvic sagittal imbalance in patients with DLSS was determined. Correlation analysis of state parameters.
Result: In the DLSS (L4-5) group, the right ES FIR was negatively correlated with the TK angle (r = −0.536, P < 0.05) and the left side had no significance. The left MF RCSA was associated with the TK angle. In the DLSS (L5-S1) group, the right MF RCSA and right ES RCSA were significantly positively correlated with the TK angle (r = 0. 502, P < 0.05, r = 0. 685, r = 0. 615, P < 0.05), and the left side has no meaning.
Conclusion: A correlation was found between paraspinal muscle parameters and spine–pelvic sagittal parameters in patients with DLSS.
Folcare biostimulant application in pea (Pisum sativum) crops under ZnO bionanoparticle exposure
Authors: Missaoui Takwa , Chemingui Hajer , Elboughdiri Noureddine , Sobeai Sanad M.Al , smiri moez
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to identify the most important physiological and biological effects of green synthesis ZnO nanoparticles at a size of 65 nm, biostimulant (Folcare) and interaction biostimulant ZnO NPs on plant growth and metabolism. As knowledge about biostimulants and their preventive and recovery modes of action has improved, it is important to keep the optimum result in terms of yield and quality of crops. The reduction of fertilisers has to be substituted by strategies that improve the nutrients uptake or their utilisation by the plants. New processing methods are required as an efficient green process or an integrated (hybrid) process for different new technologies of interest. The effects of NPs, biostimulant and combination ZnO NPs biostimulant on plant cells metabolism were examined in cytosol, chloroplast and mitochondria of cells from the setems, roots and leaves. The interaction NPs/biostimulant had a beneficial effect on the morphological and physiological indicators of plant health than when nanoparticles and biostimulant are applicated separately.Folcare biostimulant coupled with zinc oxide nanoparticles improved pea crops growth. The improved of the quality of pea plants can be explained at least, in part, by increase in antioxidant activities during plant growth phenophase.
A New Establishment of Cuproptosis-Related Long Non-Coding RNA Signature to Predict Prognosis in Head and Neck Squamous cell Carcinomas
Authors: wang junrong , gao weitong , Xue Yuting , wang xueying , Guo Lunhua , Yang Xianguang , Sun Ji , Miao Susheng , Mao Xionghui
Published: September 2022

Background
Cuproptosis is a novel type of programmed cell death which plays an important role in the development and progression of cancer. However, there is a limited amount of research on cuproptosis-associated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of cuproptosis-related lncRNA signature for HNSCC prognosis.
Method
Transcriptomic and clinical data of HNSCC patients were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We established a cuproptosis-related lncRNA signature and then constructed a hybrid nomogram based on risk scores and clinical factors. We also performed differential expression genes (DEGs) function, immune cells infiltration, immune checkpoint analysis based on cuproptosis-associated lncRNA signature.
Results
A signature of 27 cuproptosis-related lncRNAs was performed and the prognosis of patients at high risk is worse compared with patients at low risk based on above signature. A nomogram which integrated risk scores and clinical features also showed favorable predictive power. Furthermore, DEGs in high or low risk group were mainly enriched in immune-related pathways. Anti-tumor immune cells and immune checkpoints were mainly enriched in low risk group compared with high risk group.
Conclusion
Cuproptosis-related lncRNAs could be regarded as independent indicators for HNSCC prognosis which might be effective targets for HNSCC therapy.
Life Cycle Assessment of Guava Production and Distribution Systems
Authors: Imtiyaz Hena , Soni Peeyush , Vimolwan Yukongdi
Published: September 2022

The life cycle assessment of various processes and materials used during production phase of guava revealed that the production and application of agricultural inputs were the major contributors to global warming, fresh water aquatic ecotoxicity, terrestrial ecotoxicity, acidification and eutrophication as well as caused highest damage to the ecosystem. The application of zinc monosulphate as micronutrient had major impact on abiotic depletion, ozone layer depletion, human toxicity and photochemical oxidation as well as caused highest damage to human health and resources depletion. The life cycle assessment during distribution phase revealed that production and consumption of polyvinyl chloride crates for packaging of guava was a major contributor to abiotic depletion, global warming, human toxicity and eutrophication, whereas consumption of electricity for storage and marketing was major contributor to marine aquatic ecotoxicity, terrestrial ecotoxicity, photochemical oxidation and acidification. The life cycle assessment of various processes and materials on environmental impact indicators in relation to marketing supply chains revealed that abiotic depletion, global warming, ozone layer depletion, human toxicity, fresh water aquatic ecotoxicity, marine aquatic ecotoxicity, terrestrial ecotoxicity, photochemical oxidation, acidification and eutrophication were highest in marketing supply chains involving the maximum number of chain partners/ intermediaries. In order to minimize the impacts of production and distribution of guava on environment, human health, ecosystem and resources, it is necessary to remodel the production process of agricultural inputs, minimize the use of zinc monosulphate, pesticides, polyvinyl chloride crates and electricity and reduce the number of intermediaries in the supply chain.
Biomonitoring of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack in South Kolkata, West Bengal, India: Spatial and temporal variations
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Shritama , Dutta Ratna , Dhara Aparna , Das Papita
Published: September 2022

Attempts have been made in the present study for ascertaining the content of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using passive biosamplers in preference to conventional air sampling methods. Mechanical stirring, sonication, Soxhlet technique and microwave-assisted Soxhlet extraction (MASE) were employed to extract PAHs from an evergreen plant (Murraya paniculata) leaves (having long life-span) sampled from polluted places of South Kolkata, India, with dense population. Effects of extraction methods and operational parameters on the recovery levels of PAHs were also investigated. Purified extracts, acquired through adsorption chromatography, were subjected to GC-MS and HPLC-UV analyses for qualitative and quantitative assessment of PAHs. Spatio-temporal distribution of accumulated PAHs across the sampling sites was monitored over premonsoon, postmonsoon and winter supported by pollutant source characterization. The results displayed that the extraction yields of Soxhlet and MASE were highest among the four techniques. Conditions of extraction with toluene for 6 h were found to be most favourable for PAHs. Total concentrations of PAHs in the foliar samples varied from 200.98 ± 2.72−550.79 ± 10.11 µg g− 1 dry weight, highest values being recorded in the samples of Exide More (EXM) because of daylong inexorable traffic flow/crowding increasing the burden of ambient PAHs. Widespread changes in meteorology exerted influence on seasonal concentrations of PAHs in plant leaves. Foliar accretion of PAHs differed in the study sites with diverse sources of emission from motor vehicles, fossil fuel and biomass burning along with other human interferences.
Somatic embryogenesis in Abies nebrodensis, an endangered Sicilian fir
Authors: Jouini Nourhene , Yahyaoui Emna , Tarraf Waed , Izgu Tolga , Benelli Carla , Lambardi Maurizio , Germanà Maria Antonietta
Published: September 2022

The critically endangered Sicilian fir ( Abies nebrodensis ) (Lojac) Mattei remains alarmingly close to extinction, even after the initially encouraging results previously obtained by the EU LIFE (European LIFE program) funded project in over ten years. Thus, an efficient protocol for in vitro propagation, seed and cryo-banks establishment would be needed to protect and preserve such species. Therefore, s eeds from Abies adult trees were collected and callus was initiated from both zygotic immature and mature embryos, testing different culture media. Embryogenic (EC) and non-embryogenic (NEC) callus were successfully induced from mature embryos with variable frequencies (0% - 40%) in SH (Schenk and Hilderbrandt) medium, supplemented with 1 mg L −1 6benzylaminopurine, 500 mg L −1 glutamine, 1 g L −1 casein, and 1 g L −1 myo-inositol. The effect of donor tree was observed, and callus initiation rate of up to 40% was observed in the mature zygotic embryos issued from donor tree with identification number (IN) 8. The immature embryos remained unresponsive. Maturation of cell lines from trees with IN7, IN8, IN10 and IN 21 was successfully achieved with 10 mg L -1 abscisic acid and polyethylene glycol (PEG-4000, 8%).
Intraarticular steroids as DMARD-sparing agents for juvenile idiopathic arthritis flares: Analysis of the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry
Authors: Hahn Timothy , Daymont Carrie , Beukelman Tim , Groh Brandt , Hays Kimberly , Bingham Catherine April , Scalzi Lisabeth
Published: September 2022

Background Children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) who achieve a drug free remission often experience a flare of their disease requiring either intraarticular steroids (IAS) or systemic treatment with disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). IAS offer an opportunity to recapture disease control and avoid exposure to side effects from systemic immunosuppression. We examined a cohort of patients treated with IAS after drug free remission and report the probability of restarting systemic treatment within 12 months. Methods We analyzed a cohort of patients from the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Registry who received IAS for a flare after a period of drug free remission. Historical factors and clinical characteristics and of the patients including data obtained at the time of treatment were analyzed. Results We identified 46 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Of those 49% had restarted systemic treatment 6 months after IAS injection and 70% had restarted systemic treatment at 12 months. The proportion of patients with prior use of a biologic DMARD was the only factor that differed between patients who restarted systemic treatment those who did not, both at 6 months (79% vs 35%, p < 0.01) and 12 months (81% vs 33%, p < 0.05). Conclusion While IAS are an option for all patients who flare after drug free remission, it may not prevent the need to restart systemic treatment. Prior use of a biologic DMARD may predict lack of success for IAS. Those who previously received methotrexate only, on the other hand, are excellent candidates for IAS.
Belief that addiction is a discrete category is a stronger correlate with stigma than the belief that addiction is biologically based
Authors: Siddiqui Hasan , Rutherford M. D.
Published: September 2022

Background Drug addiction is stigmatized, and this stigma contributes to poor outcomes for individuals with addiction. Researchers have argued that providing genetic explanations of addiction will reduce stigma (Richter et al., 2019), but there has been limited research testing this prediction. Methods We presented participants with news articles that either provided genetic or anti-genetic explanations of addiction. Results Participants’ biological essentialism correlated with stigma in the context of both opioid and methamphetamine addiction. However, participants’ non-biological essentialism was a significantly stronger correlate with stigma. Conclusions This suggests that other essentialist beliefs, like belief that categories are discrete, may be more useful than biological essentialism for understanding addiction stigma.
Numerical Investigation of Water Inflow and Seepage Characteristics in a Tunnel crossing Two Overlapped Parallel Faults
Authors: Wu Jing , Wu Li , Han Yan-hua , Lecturer Sun Miao , Lu Ya-ni
Published: September 2022

Water inflow is one of the main geohazards that threaten the safety of tunnels and other underground projects. Faulted zone is one of the important geological triggers for such events. Numerical investigations on the evolution of flow behavior in tunnels across fault zones are of significance to the predication and prevention of this type of geohazards. In this work, a numerical investigation model with two overlapped parallel faults is established according to the "Three Zones" fault structure theory. The rapid turbulent flow in the fault fractured zone and fault center core is simulated by using the improved Darcy-Brinkman (IDB) seepage model, while the slow laminar flow in ordinary rock zone is described by Darcy equation. The effect of relative position and distance between the tunnel surface and two overlapped parallel faults to the evolutions of pore pressure(P), flow velocity(V), and water inflow rate(Q) around the tunnel excavation surface is studied through several scenarios. Our Numerical investigation results reveals that while the tunnel face is excavated into the fault center core, the fractured zone, the ordinary rock zone, and the center of the overlapped faults, the pore pressure value ahead of the excavation face increases while the flow velocity decreases sequentially. The inflow rate is the largest while the tunnel face is excavated to center of the fault center core and is the lowest in the ordinary rock zone. Moreover, the inflow rate is closely related to the range of the overlapped area between the two parallel faults. The investigation results offer a helpful reference to predicting early warning of water inflow geohazard when a tunnel cross two overlapped parallel faults.
Role of agroforestry parklands in livelihood supports in the rural area of the Sahelo-Sudanian zone in Niger
Authors: Seydou Abdel Nassirou Yahaya , Soulé Moussa , Seydou Abdel Nassirou Yahaya , Soulé Moussa
Published: September 2022

Several studies were made in Niger, but there is little data on agroforestry studies in two relatively different ecosystems. Therefore, the aim is to determine the services provided by agroforestry parklands and carbon stock estimation in the two villages. Firstly, a survey was carried out to highlight the benefits derived from agroforestry parklands to rural populations. Secondly, a forest inventory was used based on a systematic random sampling approach by transect. Finally, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was used. The study recorded 25 woody species in Dan Saga and 24 in Sekoukou village where there is more dominance of the Fabaceae family species (43.48% in Dan Saga and 58.34% in Sekoukou) followed respectively by Anacardiaceae and Combretaceae (8.7% and 12.5%). Dendrometric surveys showed relative low tree density (23 stems/ha at Dan Saga and 14 stem/ha at Sekoukou), a bell-shaped diameter structure showing a strong dominance of intermediate diameter trees ([20 cm; 30 cm [) and a low representativeness tree with extreme diameters ([0; 10 cm and [70 cm; → [), The soil cover (more than 50%) and the regeneration rate are more than 80% in both localities. The analysis of variances gives a significant difference (P-value < 0.05) in all dendrometric parameters as well as the carbon content, except for the density and the diameter of the trees. Shannon-Wiener index (intra-ecosystem diversity) and the Pielou equitability index are relatively low but similar to the mean Sørensen index. The estimated carbon stock rises to 5.67 t/ha in Dan Saga and 7.02 t/ha in Sekoukou. The NDVI of the two areas varies from]0; 1 [from 2001 to 2013, thus showing evolutionary vegetation (biomass) dynamic characterized by low vegetation cover in 2001 but increased in 2013 in both villages.
Foliations formed by generic coadjoint orbits of a class of 7-dimensional solvable Lie groups
Authors: Tuyen Nguyen , Le Vu , Nguyen Tuan
Published: September 2022

We consider all connected and simply connected 7-dimensional Lie groups whose Lie algebras have nilradical g5,2 = span{X1, X2, X3, X4, X5 : [X1, X2] = X4, [X1, X3] = X5} of Dixmier. First, we give a geometric description of the maximal-dimensional orbits in the coadjoint representation of all considered Lie groups. Next, we prove that, for each considered group, the family of the generic coadjoint orbits forms a measurable foliation in the sense of Connes. Finally, the topological classification of all these foliations is also provided.
Identification of key biomarkers and immune infiltration in the thoracic acute aortic dissection by bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Luo Jun , Shi Haoming , Ran Haoyu , Zhang Cheng , Wu Qingchen , Shao Yue
Published: September 2022

Background
Thoracic acute aortic dissection (TAAD), one of the most fatal cardiovascular diseases, leads to sudden death, however, its mechanism remains unclear.
Methods
Three Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were employed to detect differentially expressed genes (DEGs). A similar function and co-expression network was identified by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), random forest, and support vector machines-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) were utilized to filter diagnostic TAAD markers, and then screened markers were validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and another independent dataset. CIBERSORT was deployed to analyze and evaluate immune cell infiltration in TAAD tissues.
Results
Twenty-five DEGs were identified and narrowed down to three after screening. Finally, two genes, SLC11A1 and FGL2, were verified by another dataset and qRT-PCR. Function analysis revealed that SLC11A1 and FGL2 play significant roles in immune-inflammatory responses.
Conclusion
SLC11A1 and FGL2 are differently expressed in aortic dissection (AD) and may be involved in immune-inflammatory responses.
Effect of low fuel temperature on combustion deterioration of kerosene swirling spray flame
Authors: Xin Shirong , He Yong , Liu Tao , Wu Yingchun , Wu Xuecheng , Wang Zhihua
Published: September 2022

Low temperature and low air pressure would cause low fuel inlet temperature and low air flowrate in aero-engine combustion chamber working in the upper atmosphere. A system including a burner normally used in actual aero engines is established to study swirl-stabilized kerosene spray combustion at conditions of low fuel inlet temperature (T < − 16 ℃) and low air pressure. According to analysis of OH-PLIF images, sub-zero Celsius significantly results in the reduction of the OH radical concentration and poor heat release rate. The strongest signals decrease by at least 5 times. With analysis of LIF spectroscopy and detuned images, fuel LIF particles in the OH-PLIF images are mainly liquid kerosene LIF. The LIF signals of flame structure are almost all from OH radicals. Using LOG operator blob detection, it is found that, when at sub-zero Celsius, the total number of fuel LIF particles slightly decreases and the number of large particles increases at any air pressure. PLIF analysis in this study provides insight into complex combustion deterioration of kerosene swirling spray combustion for the first time.