bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QUANTIFICAÇÃO DA MICROBIOTA PRESENTE EM PRODUTOS LÁCTEOS INDUSTRIALIZADOS COMERCIALIZADOS COMO PROBIÓTICOS
Authors: Aparecida Costa Rabêlo Cínthia , Fabiana Brito Pereira Patricio Marcelly , Lello Naves Giovanna , Sullara Vilela Brunna , Azevedo Soares dos Santos Hadassa Cristhina
Published: May 2022

Probióticos são alvo de estudos devido sua capacidade funcional que abrange aspectos endócrinos, imunológicos, gastrointestinais, dentre outros. A busca dos consumidores por alimentos que supram necessidades biológicas e apresentem benefícios adicionais à saúde tem crescido consideravelmente. Com isso, as indústrias têm buscado inovação para atingir estas expectativas. Neste sentido, a inclusão de microrganismos probióticos em alimentos vem sendo muito utilizada. No entanto, estudos tem demostrado inconformidade dos alimentos probióticos quanto ao teor e tipo de microrganismos descritos nas embalagens e o que realmente consta nos produtos. Diante disto, esta pesquisa teve objetivo de avaliar a presença e quantidade de microrganismos em produtos probióticos, relacionando os resultados obtidos com as descrições nas embalagens. Cinco amostras de produtos lácteos descritos como probióticos foram adquiridas em estabelecimentos comerciais de Varginha-MG e submetidos a análise microbiológica. Apenas um dos produtos apresentou conformidade em relação a presença e quantificação bacteriana, podendo estar de acordo com as recomendações microbiológicas para sua definição como probiótico. Dois produtos sequer apresentaram presença bacteriana. O estudo mostra inconformidade nas características microbiológicas dos produtos comercializados com probióticos e a necessidade de maior fiscalização sobre a produção desses alimentos para que realmente tenham os requisitos de um alimento funcional probiótico e apresentem benefícios a saúde do consumidor.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE SURTOS HOSPITALARES CAUSADOS POR ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII PRODUTOR DE CARBAPENEMASE
Authors: Aparecida Nunes de Albuquerque Camila , Franciele Soares Silva Savyla , Matias de Almeida Robmary , Silveira Caetano Lilian , Beatriz Mori Lima Ana , Joana  Cláudio Manrique Edna
Published: May 2022

RESUMO
Objetivo: avaliar o perfil de surtos hospitalares causados por A. baumannii produtores de carbapenemase, em hospitais do estado de Goiás; descrever os principais tipos de amostras clínicas das quais foram isolados o patógeno e identificar os genes que conferem a produção de codificadores de carbapenemase das cepas de A. baumanni dos surtos hospitalares. Método: estudo observacional do tipo transversal, realizado a partir dos resultados de isolados bacterianos de surtos hospitalares causados por A. baumannii produtores de carbapenemase do período de janeiro de 2015 a dezembro de 2020. Resultados: foram analisados resultados dos isolados de três hospitais e confirmaram-se nove surtos e o gene de resistência identificado foi blaOXA-23. Conclusão: a amostra de aspirado traqueal foi a mais frequente entre os surtos hospitalares e o gene de resistência blaOXA-23 identificado em sete surtos. A caracterização dos surtos destaca a ameaça que representa a disseminação de patógenos albergando genes codificadores de resistência.
Social Media as a Promotional Tool in the Fashion Industry: A Case Study on Meta Platforms Inc.
Authors: K. Madhura , Panakaje Niyaz
Published: May 2022

Purpose: With the tremendous growth of the online platform, several individuals now use social media to run their businesses, which is one of the most powerful platforms on the internet. Social media has become a trend for society as people spend more time online. Platforms such as the Meta platform are both cost-effective and profitable, allowing firms to access a larger audience. Then, people can voice their thoughts, form interest-based groups, curate material, post photographs and videos, and participate in group discussions. There are a variety of strategies for businesses to advertise their products and attract more customers, including supporting people who are interested in fashion and can influence their following, referred to as Fashion Influencers. The main purpose of this study is to see the marketing strategies adopted by the company as well as the suitability of different types of influencers of the company to the business as a promotional tool. Methodology: This study mainly relies on secondary data. As introductory resources, magazine papers, journals and published books were used to obtain the necessary material for the study. Findings: The study's key results are as follows: The firm launched the metaverse, which allows people (both influencers and users) to select their style via virtual meetings. Fashion brands and companies have also leveraged online platforms (meta platforms), digital models, and collaborations with video gaming platforms to create their own virtual collections for millions of players worldwide. Practical Implications: This study will assist various firms in understanding the numerous marketing tactics available to them, as well as how and when to employ social media influencers in their operations. Paper type: Company case study
Contracting for Urban Tree Maintenance
Authors: Lough William
Published: May 2022

New York City has significantly increased the contracting out of municipal forestry work in the 80's. Unit Price contracts were initially used but the Time and Material format has been implemented as being more efficient, less costly and allowing a greater degree of management flexibility.
Results of TGR Survey
Authors: Miller Kenneth , Abbott Richard
Published: May 2022

The Empire State Electric Energy Research Corporation (ESEERCO) contracted with ACRT, Inc. Environmental Specialist to research the status and efficacy of Tree Growth Regulators (TGR's) and their applicability for the electrical utility industry. The project included the preparation of an annotated bibliography, a TGR practitioner survey for usage data and unpublished reports, a synopsis of the bibliography, and an information dissemination/storyboard session for ESEERCO members and TGR scientists. The user survey had 160 respondents and their responses are tabulated and discussed. Various TGR application methods—trunk injection, bark banding, trunk implant, soil application—are discussed and evaluated. This presentation summarizes the user information and the pertinent results of the storyboard session.
Problemes Environnementaux Et Situation Des Arbres Urbains Dans La Ville De Mexico
Authors: Chacalo Alicia , Pineau Marius
Published: May 2022

(Environmental Problems and Urban Trees in Mexico City). Throughout the description of the principal environmental problems like atmospherical pollution, erosion and population growth, we proceed to analyse in a general way, the most important activities that affect urban street trees in Mexico City like species selection, tree plantation, site reserved to the trees and tree maintenance. Some suggestions are included at the end like solutions to solve this problem.
Production Method Affects Growth and Root Regeneration of Leyland Cypress, Laurel Oak, And Slash Pine
Authors: Harris J. Roger , Gilman Edward
Published: May 2022

Leyland cypress, laurel oak and slash pine were grown for 18 months in plastic containers, in fabric containers or directly in the field and then transplanted into field soil. There was no difference in growth between field-grown and fabric container-grown trees for laurel oak or slash pine, but field-grown leyland cypress were taller than fabric containergrown trees. Container-grown trees were smallest for all three species. Shoot : root dry weight ratio was smallest on container-grown trees because little of the root system is lost during transplanting compared to fabric and field-grown trees. Ten weeks after transplanting, weight of regenerated roots on fabric container-grown leyland cypress and slash pine was greater than on field-grown trees. Field-grown slash pine regenerated less root weight than trees produced by other production methods. Production method did not affect root regeneration of laurel oak.
Pecan Cultivars for Landscape and Home Plantings in the Southeastern U.S.
Authors: Goff William , McDaniel Ronnie , Carden Emmett
Published: May 2022

Several pecan cultivars for home and landscape plantings in the southeastern United States were identified in an evaluation of 23 cultivars and selections growing in southwest Alabama. Cultivars that appear to combine pest tolerance with good production and at least moderate quality, and thus are promising for landscape and home plantings, include Elliott, Sumner, Jackson, Melrose, and Jubilee.
The Changing Face of Arboricultural Communications
Authors: Pancoast Duane
Published: May 2022

The public's emerging awareness of the role trees play in the global ecosystem can provide arborists with excellent marketing opportunities as they contribute to the education of their clientele. To accomplish this mission, we have seen a redirection of communications emphasis to customers, prospects and to residents in targeted neighborhoods. Such an approach provides arborists with the amount of space, the format and the control to carefully blend teaching about the needs of trees and their role in the environment with marketing messages about the company's services. Drawing on the newsletter experience of arborists across the country, this paper will show that there are no absolute rules for producing a newsletter. Rather, there are certain key elements that should be present. They should be adapted to the market and local conditions. Technical recommendations concerning content, style and production are also presented.
The Cost of Shade: Cost-Effectiveness of Trees Versus Bus Shelters
Authors: McPherson E. Gregory , Biedenbender Sharon
Published: May 2022

Shade at bus stops can enhance the thermal comfort of waiting riders and can encourage new passengers, thereby reducing air pollution and traffic congestion. This study used computer simulation to compare the cost-effectiveness of shade provided by metal shelters versus trees at 64 bus stops in Tucson, Arizona. The 40-year projected total future and present values of costs were over 50% greater for shelters than for trees. When differences in the amount of shade provided over time were considered, a 20% cost savings was projected for trees. Expenses for irrigation and pruning accounted for about 95% of all projected tree costs. These findings suggest that trees can be a cost-effective substitute for shelters at bus stops in mid-latitude cities where shade isuseful.
Fireblight Susceptibility, Growth, and Other Characteristics in Ornamental Pears in Alabama
Authors: Fare Donna , Gilliam Charles , Ponder Harry
Published: May 2022

Pyrus calleryana and nine cultivars were evaluated for fireblight susceptibility, flowering, growth habit, fall leaf color, and fruiting in southern conditions. Disease susceptibility to fireblight (Erwinia amylovora) was monitored during the spring season. Aristocrat and Autumn Blaze were highly susceptible as indicated by the number of infected shoots per tree and shoot length dieback. Bradford was the least sensitive to fireblight. Bradford was the earliest flowering cultivar, with flowering beginning in late March to early April and Aristocrat was the last cultivar to flower, beginning 10-14 days later. Autumn Blaze developed fall leaf color by mid- October while Bradford's leaf color peaked in mid-November. Aristocrat, Autumn Blaze, Bradford, Cleveland Select, Earlyred, and Fauriei developed rounded to pyramidal canopy forms. Capital, Redspire, and Whitehouse developed upright canopy forms.
IMPROVING THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE RUBBER COMPOUND OF THE VEHICLES’ TIRES: A LITERATURE OVERVIEW
Authors: A.W. Dahham
Published: May 2022

People are shifting from use of fossil fuel based processing oils to naturally occurring oils, and restriction on PCA rich extender oils by December 2009 leads to search for naturally occurring oils. According to the KEMI report, products with polycyclic aromatic compounds, PCAs, levels exceeding 3% by weight must be labeled. The report pointed out that worn tyre tread material was being spread on the roadsides, introducing high amounts of PCA into the environment. PCA is having toxic effects on aquatic organisms. For the sidewall tyre rubber, the way to improve the properties is a stepwise downsizing method of gel particles in reclaimed rubber to a micro-nano scale and its excellent dynamic performance in tire sidewall were introduced by this work. In the present work, two naturally occurring oils, neem oil and kurunj oil, were characterised in a 100% Natural Rubber based formulation, a NR/BR blend based Bias Truck and Rib Type Tyre Tread Cap compound and a SSBR/NR/BR blend based Radial Passenger Tyre Tread compound. Compounds made with naturally occurring oils showed better abrasion properties. These oils were found to be suitable also on the basis of low PCA content. The results for the tyre sidewall showed that the size of gel particles decreased from several micrometers to micro-nanometers with the increase of reclaiming degree, accompanied by reduced molecular weight and widened molecular weight distribution of sol fraction. The addition of reclaimed rubber with low Mooney viscosity improved the dynamic mechanical properties of the natural rubber/butadiene rubber blends effectively, including wet resistance and rolling resistance. Moreover, the flexing fatigue resistance has also been improved dozens of times compared to traditional tire sidewall.
Renewable Energy Source Based Hybrid Power Plant for Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station in Rural Area
Authors: Liney Ajay J  , Dhananjayan S. P  , Gowtham V  , Venkatesh S
Published: May 2022

An electrical vehicle charging station is a charging power supply for electrical vehicles. This paper proposes design of a model for a PV based electrical vehicle that forecasts total power output under particular conditions of Ankara city. First PV cell parameters are determined and then PV array formed including cells designed in order to calculate cumulative effect. Using actual irradiation and temperature values we try to catch an approximation of output power for the future needs. Electric vehicles offer many advantages ranging from easy access and abundance of electrical energy sources. The objective of this paper is to obtain the best configuration of the hybrid power systems for charging station in a rural area such as Labuan bajo, Indonesia. Thus, the best configuration obtained is then installing with three types of energy storage namely Lead Acid and UNS Lithium battery such as Lithium Ion and Lithium Ferro Phosphate (LFP) to determine the minimum cost of operation and energy cost in a year. The results showed by implementing hybrid systems from PV and DER is the best configuration for off grid charging station. The most optimal battery in off grid system achieved by installing UNS LFP batteries. As a conclusion, by utilizing hybrid power generation technology, the potential for renewable energy in rural areas can be the main key in realizing the availability of charging stations in rural areas with affordable price for supporting electric vehicles infrastructure.
CNN Based Criminal Identification
Authors: Gargi Tela  , Sakshi Hiwarale  , Shruti Dhave  , Dhanashree Rathi
Published: May 2022

Considering abnormal increase in crime rate and number of criminals, there is a need of more effective Criminal Identification Technique. Biometric technique like thumb print identification is faded out today as criminals of these days obtaining cleverer to not leave their fingerprints on the scene. Human Face is the most important attribute to recognize any individual. It is a dynamic object having high degree of variability in its appearance which makes it a better identification technique among the other biometric techniques.But there are many challenges in Face Identification system too. Our project aims to overcome such challenges and evaluates various faces using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to provide a complete solution for Image based Face Detection with an accuracy of 76.19 for Criminal Identification.
Stubble Burning Industry Contribution to Clean Environment by used of Stubble as a Flame
Authors: Prof. Y. B. Bhagat  , Prof. V. B. Bhagat
Published: May 2022

Stubble burning has been reckoned among the major contributors of air pollution especially in South Asia. It is a significant source of gaseous pollutants such as, carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), and methane (CH4) as well as particulate matters (PM10 and PM2.5) causing serious damage to human health and the environment. It was reported that the burning of 63 Mt of crop stubble releases 3.4 Mt of CO, 0.1 Mt of NOx , 91 Mt of CO2 , 0.6 Mt of CH4 and 1.2 Mt of PM into the atmosphere. The situation is more austere in India due to the intensive rice-wheat rotation system which generates large amount of stubble. It was estimated that about 352 Mt of stubble is generated each year in India out of which 22% and 34% are contributed by wheat and rice stubble respectively. About 84 Mt (23.86%) of the stubble is burnt on-field each year immediately after harvest. The disastrous haze observed over India during the winter season has been linked to stubble burning as it coincides with the burning periods (OctoberNovember). During this time, most Indian cities, especially within the National Capital Region (NCR) experience harsh pollution often reaching the severe levels of the air quality index (AQI). In November 2019, Delhi recorded a peak AQI of 487, Ghaziabad reported an AQI as high as 493, and Greater Noida recorded 480. The health effects of air pollution ranges from skin and eyes irritation to severe neurological, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchitis, lung capacity loss, emphysema, cancer, etc. It also leads to an increase in mortality rates due to the prolonged exposure to high pollution. The Energy and Resources Institute (2019) reported that in 2012, air pollution had led to about 5 million deaths in South Asia which is around 22% of the total deaths in the region. In addition to its effects on air quality, stubble burning also affects soil fertility (through the destruction of its nutrients), economic development and climate. The crop stubbles (if managed properly) could provide immense economic benefits to the farmers and protect the environment from the severe pollution. Some of the alternative management practices include the incorporation of the stubble into the soil, use of stubble as fuel in power plants, use as raw material for pulp and paper industries, or as biomass for biofuel production. It can also be used to generate compost and biochar, or as blend for the production of cement and bricks. Most of the farmers in North Stubble burning industry contribution to clean environment by used of stubble as a flame India are not aware of the prolific alternatives for managing stubble and, therefore, consider burning as the best option. This necessitates the need for immense awareness programs to enlighten the farmers about the availability of economically feasible options and the composite effects of stubble burning.
Chronic Bell's Palsy Literature Review and Case Report
Authors: Kuzmičić Sandra , Poljičanin Ana , Rota Čeprnja Asija , Marinović Ivanka , Aljinović Jure , Parlov Mladenka , Bećir Boris , Kuzmičić Nikica , Vidović Anamarija , Pavić Antonela
Published: May 2022

Bell’s palsy, or idiopathic peripheral facial nerve palsy is a neurologic condition characterized by unilateral weakness of facial muscles. The evidence-based guidelines mostly consider the acute treatment of Bell’s palsy. However, chronic cases of Bell’s palsy are not supported by strong evidence regarding treatment options, except for a weak recommendation to utilize physical therapy. This case report has presented an application of a combination of physical therapy modalities (Mirror Book Therapy, High Inten-sity Laser Therapy, and Acupuncture) within 10 weeks, to treat a patient with long-term sequelae. This combination of therapies has resulted in a significant improvement in the level of recovery measured by facial grading scales. However, further research is necessary to provide stronger evidence regarding the benefits of this treatment option.
Ravno stopalo u djece
Authors: Rota Čeprnja Asija , Čeprnja Toni , Rota Marina , Bilandžić Vesna , Kuzmičić Sandra , Parlov Mladenka
Published: May 2022

Ravno stopalo je stopalo s većom dodirnom površinom s podlogom zbog smanjenje visine ili potpune odsutnosti medijalnog svoda. Pedijatrijsko ravno stopalo se najčešće dijeli na patološko, kruto ravno stopalo i fiziološko, fleksibilno ravno stopalo. Patološko spušteno stopalo pokazuje određeni stupanj ukočenosti i značajno ograničenje pokreta subtalarnog zgloba. Često uzrokuje poteškoće i obično zahtijeva konzervativno ili kiruško liječenje. Fiziološko fleksibilno ravno stopalo je pomično i mekano, predstavlja više kozmetički nego funkcionalni problem. Ono čini ∼95% slučajeva ravnih stopala u djece i pretežno je asimptomatsko. U asimptomatskih pacijenata, nema dokaza koji bi poduprli preventivnu ulogu uložaka, ortoza ili operacija s ciljem odgađanja ili uklanjanja eventualnih budućih simptoma. Rano postavljanje uložaka, koji podržavaju svod stopala ne utječe na njegovu visinu u kasnijoj dobi. Teški oblici fleksibilnog ravnog stopala tijekom vremena mogu izazivati bolove i funkcionalne probleme i tada zahtijevaju liječenje. Općenita preporuka za prevenciju ravnog stopala je podržavanje prirodnih obrazaca kretanja u dojenačkoj dobi koji će omogućiti pravilan razvoj svodova te hodanje bez obuće i reguliranje tjelesne težine. Unatoč širokoj rasprostranjenosti, u literaturi nema usuglašenih klasifikacija i smjernica za liječenje dječjeg ravnog stopala te je potrebno provesti daljnja istraživanja s ciljem postavljanja univerzalnih smjernica za klasifikaciju, dijagnozu, prevenciju i liječenje ravnih stopala u djece.
Integrar lógicas contradictorias: política y economía
Authors: El Editor
Published: May 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 51, No.576, 1996: 851-864.
Octubre
Authors: El Editor
Published: May 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 51, No.  576, 1996: 945-951.
Online Capstone Projects Leveraging Technology for Low Budget Community Establishments
Authors: Sinha Bhaskar , Fischer III John , Dey Pradip Peter , Amin Mohammad
Published: May 2022

Two leading paradigm shifts are taking place in teaching-learning today that are expected to have major and long-lasting impacts. The first one is the current environment and restrictions due to COVID-19 has driven academia to evaluate alternatives to traditional education. The leading option being deliberated and studied is a robust and effective online platform with virtual classrooms using modern and powerful Learning Management Systems. The second paradigm shift is due to the rapid advances in technology and related services that are redefining the way business operates. This is instrumental in the effort to understand how these technical developments are reprioritizing functions that are affecting the company financial bottom line. These changes, in turn, are requiring academia to adjust and update their curriculums to meet the new market needs. In academic institutions, a capstone project is a powerful concluding exercise as the last course(s) of the program that effectively strengthens the student proficiencies to apply the knowledge they have learnt in the program to a real-world situation. Every academic program arranges and builds the requirements of its capstone project with its own program specific targets. This research evaluates online capstone projects in the programs and focusses on ways to benefit the community low-budget organizations with these projects using modern stateof-the-art technologies and available online resources. These projects are undertaken with minimal or no budget and with an aggressive schedule – exactly what these establishments need. This study begins with an examination of the traditional practices followed for a capstone project and establishes ways it strengthens the goals of the curriculum identified by the learning outcomes of a program. The analysis further recommends measures and methods to arrange the customer project to try and guarantee meaningful and market relevant learning experience for the leaners. This is expected to be beneficial in their professional careers later. Current conventional practices are assessed and those that yield the target results in a time-restricted format are noted. The results suggest that approaching and creating projects using these best-practices guidelines is a practical way of helping students gain significant hands-on experience with emerging technologies and, at the same time, implementing a valuable project for the benefit of the lowbudget establishments in the community.
Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Academic Library Management
Authors: Mohammad Alenezi Abdullah
Published: May 2022

The Coronavirus pandemic led to the death of various individuals. This has also led to the closure of businesses and establishments. New normal was applied and people had no choice but to adjust. Due to the massive adverse impacts of COVID on people, libraries also made some adjustments. The way services were managed was completely transformed. This article presents the changes and adjustments in the academic library's management.
Impact of Corporate Governance Best Practice Code on Financial Performance of Companies Listed on the Colombo Stock Exchange
Authors: Fernando D. Ruwan Lakjeewa
Published: May 2022

Corporate governance is considered to have significant implications for the growth prospects of an economy. Good corporate governance practices are regarded as important in improving the performance of companies. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of corporate governance on financial performance of Sri Lankan listed firms. A number of aspects related to corporate governance, including board of directors, chairman and chief executive officer, board balance and appraisal of performance, disclosure of remuneration of directors, shareholders, accountability and audit, institutional investors and other investors and disclosure of sustainability reporting were examined in order to explore their influence on financial and market performance measured in terms of Return on Assets, Return on Equity, Tobin’s Q and Market to Book Ratio. Correlation analysis and panel regression analysis is used to analyze the data gathered from a sample of 96 publicly listed firms in 19 industries in the Colombo Stock Exchange in Sri Lanka. The findings of the correlation analysis results revealed that, there is no significant relationship between the overall governance scores and Return on Assets. In the case of Return on Equity, there is no significant relationship with the level of compliance of Corporate Governance. Further, there is no significant relationship between the overall governance scores and Tobin’s Q. Market to Book Ratio shows insignificant relationship with the overall corporate governance scores. Panel regression analysis results indicated that there is no systematic relationship of governance scores and Return on Assets. Further, overall governance score has revealed a significant positive coefficient with Return on Equity. The overall governance score has not systematically related with Tobin’s Q. Further results show that, there is no systematic relationship of overall governance score and the Market to Book Ratio. The results will assist regulators and policy-makers to better understand the impact of corporate governance on the financial performance of different types listed firms in Sri Lanka.
Predicting the Mediation Impact of Promotion in Correlation with Price Perception, Product Quality, Brand Image, and Purchasing Decision
Authors: Wasik Zainul , Mahjudin  , Desembrianita dan Eva
Published: May 2022

This study aims to analyze promotion as the mediator of price perception, product quality, and brand image towards the decision of purchasing Minaku’s frozen food. This study uses a sample of 150 respondents who are consumers of Minaku. The researcher uses the analysis method of Structural Equation Modelling – Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) to answer the matter in the research. The SEM calculation shows that promotion cannot be predicted as a mediator between price perception and purchase decision because the ρ-value is 0,101 and the T-statistic value is 1,644. It means price perception is not a key factor that can influence customers to buy a product, even though it is given a promotion. Especially for Minaku’s frozen food product, the power of brand image and product quality affect consumer consideration during purchasing. The price perception is not the most important thing for consumers, but rather how a product can fulfill consumers’ needs; for instance, the product has to be reliable and give satisfaction feeling in exchange for owning the product.
Stunting: Poverty and Nutrition Status (Case Study at Tetaf Health Center, Timor Tengah Selatan Regency (TTS) East Nusa Tenggara Province (NTT)
Authors: L.L. Kobun Aloysius , Magnus Susilo Albertus
Published: May 2022

Stunting is a health problem that is closely related to the nutritional status of children under five that occurs in developing countries, especially in poor countries and it is generally characterized by a short body condition and susceptible to disease and below normal intelligence. Timor Tengah Selatan Regency occupies the highest position in the prevalence of stunting in East Nusa Tenggara Province with a figure of 44.1% in 2020. Tetaf Health Center is one of the Puskesmas in Kuatnana District with the largest prevalence of stunting in 2020. The purpose of this study is to find out and analyze the level of poverty and nutritional status of children under five in the working area of the Tetaf Health Center. The data used in this study is primary data through surveys, interviews and questionnaires with the respondents being households with children aged 0-59 months. The sampling technique used was random sampling with 100 respondents. The data analysis used was univariate using distribution and multivariate analysis using logistic regression. From the results of the study, it was found that there was a significant influence between mother's education, mother's age, mother's knowledge of nutrition and low birth weight had an effect on the nutritional status of children, while there was no influence between family income, number of members in the family and gender on children nutritional status (stunting or normal). The recommendations is for families or mothers of toddlers to visit the nearest Integrated Health Post or health center more often so that they always control the physical condition of toddlers such as weight and height so that they can be monitored properly since pregnancy and after childbirth so as to reduce the risk occurrence of stunting.
Daily Operating Room Schedule Taking into Account the Preferences of Hospital Physicians (Case Study of Imam Khomeini Hospital)
Authors: Rahaghi Ali Davodi , Dekamini Fatemeh
Published: May 2022

The issue of allocating the capacity of operating rooms to different departments of surgery is done by observing the decisions made at the strategic level of hospital decisions. Therefore, operating room scheduling plays an important role in increasing their productivity and reducing hospital costs. On the other hand, due to various uncertainties in operating room activities, this issue can be very challenging. In this case, according to the defined objective function and also the existing limitations, the capacity of operating rooms is allocated to different surgical groups. Therefore, in this model, the daily schedule of surgeries in two stages of surgery and recovery and considering all the real limitations in hospitals has been investigated. This issue determines the sequence, start time of each surgery and allocation of resources required in each stage with the aim of minimizing the total cost of employing surgeons according to the differences in their skills, performance and preferences.
ABORDAGEM DA MÍDIA SOBRE OBESIDADE INFANTIL EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA DO NOVO CORONAVÍRUS
Authors: Rharine Biscaro Sara , Regina Cividini Fátima
Published: May 2022

Uma das estratégias para a disseminação de informações na mídia é pela internet, pois as pessoas possuem fácil acesso a elas e se atualizam através desses canais de notícias. Logo se faz necessário compreender as informações propagadas na internet e identificar de que forma ela discursa sobre o tema para possibilitar aos profissionais de saúde uma estratégia de conscientização da obesidade infantil com objetivo de acompanhar, controlar e preveni-la durante o isolamento social. Objetivo: Identificar no discurso da mídia a relação entre obesidade infantil e isolamento social descritas nos periódicos jornalísticos durante a pandemia do novo Coronavírus. Metodologia: A primeira etapa deste estudo consiste em uma revisão de literatura e a segunda etapa baseia-se no levantamento das notícias brasileiras relacionadas à obesidade infantil e o isolamento social, feito através da seção “notícias” na ferramenta de pesquisa do Google, escolhida pela popularidade entre os usuários da internet. Resultados: As notícias resultantes dessa busca foram analisadas, definindo as advertências e orientações descritas pelos diversos sites informativos, e categorizando o tema de cada notícia, descrevendo o contexto daquelas que referenciam o impacto do isolamento social na rotina alimentar e na saúde das crianças e as que sugerem métodos de prevenção e controle da obesidade infantil para complementar as ações dos profissionais de saúde na busca ativa por crianças em situação de sobrepeso e obesidade, e no desenvolvimento de estratégias de prevenção e controle ainda na infância.
On the global relationship between polarimetric radio occultation observable ΔΦ and ice water content
Authors: Padullés Ramon , Cardellach Estel , Turk F. Joseph
Published: May 2022

Abstract. The Radio Occultations and Heavy Precipitation (ROHP) experiment aboard the Spanish PAZ satellite was deployed in 2018 with the objective of demonstrating the ability of Polarimetric Radio Occultation measurement (PRO) concept in detecting rain (liquid-phase precipitation). Analysis of these data since that time have also demonstrated the ability of PRO for detection of horizontally oriented frozen-phase precipitation. To verify these observations, a global climatological comparison is performed using the Cloudsat (94-GHz) radar as a reference, for different heights and taking into account the radio occultation (limb-based) viewing geometry. A robust relationship (e.g. high correlation coefficient) is found between the polarimetric radio occultation observable ΔΦ and the integrated ice water content along the rays for heights above the freezing level. The relationship is specially good over ocean, where the major precipitation features and the signatures of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone are well captured by the PAZ observations. Differences between over ocean and over land point towards different characteristics of the convective clouds above the freezing level, involving the orientation of frozen particles. The ratios between ΔΦ and along-ray integrated ice water content are further validated with single particle forward scattering simulations, and the results indicate that a combination of horizontally oriented aggregated ice particles and tilted pristine ice plates agree well with the observations. Overall, the global climatological results obtained in this study show the presence of horizontally oriented particles across the whole globe, and for a wide range of height layers. Furthermore, the relationship between ΔΦ and along-ray integrated ice water content can be used to attempt an inversion of the polarimetric radio occultation observations towards a potential retrieval of such water content.
Combined UV and IR ozone profile retrieval from TROPOMI and CrIS measurements
Authors: Mettig Nora , Weber Mark , Rozanov Alexei , Burrows John P. , Veefkind Pepijn , Thompson Anne M. , Stauffer Ryan M. , Leblanc Thierry , Ancellet Gerard , Newchurch Michael J. , Kuang Shi , Kivi Rigel , Tully Matthew B. , Van Malderen Roeland , Piters Ankie , Kois Bogumil , Stübi René , Skrivankova Pavla
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Vertical ozone profiles from combined spectral measurements in the ultraviolet and infrared spectral range were retrieved by using data from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument on the Sentinel-5 Precursor (TROPOMI/S5P) and the Cross-track Infrared Sounder on the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (CrIS/Suomi-NPP), which are flying in loose formation 3 min apart in the same orbit. A previous study of ozone profiles retrieved exclusively from TROPOMI UV spectra showed that the vertical resolution in the troposphere is clearly limited (Mettig et al., 2021). The vertical resolution and the vertical extent of the ozone profiles is improved by combining both wavelength ranges compared to retrievals limited to UV or IR spectral data only. The combined retrieval particularly improves the accuracy of the retrieved tropospheric ozone and to a lesser degree stratospheric ozone up to 30 km. An increase in the degrees of freedom (DOF) by 1 DOF was found in the UV + IR retrieval compared to the UV-only retrieval.
Compared to previous publications, which investigated combinations of UV and IR observations from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument and Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (OMI and TES) and Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment version 2 and Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (GOME-2 and IASI) pairs, the degree of freedom is lower, which is attributed to the reduced spectral resolution of CrIS compared to TES or IASI.
Tropospheric lidar and ozonesondes were used to validate the ozone profiles and tropospheric ozone content (TOC). In their comparison with tropospheric lidars, both ozone profiles and TOCs show smaller biases for the retrieved data from the combined UV + IR observation than from the UV observations alone. For the ozone profiles below 10 km, the mean differences are around ±10 % and the mean TOC varies around ±3 DU.
We show that TOCs from the combined retrieval agree better with ozonesonde results at northern latitudes than the UV-only and IR-only retrievals and also have lower scatter. In the tropics, the IR-only retrieval shows the best agrement with TOCs derived from ozonesondes.
While in general the TOCs show good agreement with ozonesonde data, the profiles have a positive bias of around 30 % between 10 and 15 km.
The reason is probably a positive stratospheric bias from the IR retrieval.
The comparison of the UV + IR and UV ozone profiles up to 30 km with the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) demonstrates the improvement of the UV + IR profile in the stratosphere above 18 km. In comparison to the UV-only approach the retrieval shows improvements of up to 10 % depending on latitude but can also show worse results in some regions and latitudes.
Modelling temporal variability of in situ soil water and vegetation isotopes reveals ecohydrological couplings in a riparian willow plot
Authors: Smith Aaron , Tetzlaff Doerthe , Landgraf Jessica , Dubbert Maren , Soulsby Chris
Published: May 2022

Abstract. The partitioning of water fluxes in the critical zone is of great interest due to the implications for understanding water cycling and quantifying water availability for various ecosystem services. We used the tracer-aided ecohydrological model EcH2O-iso to use stable water isotopes to help evaluate water, energy, and biomass dynamics at an intensively monitored study plot under two willow trees, a riparian species, in Berlin, Germany. Importantly, we assessed the value of in situ soil and plant water isotope data in helping to quantify xylem water sources and transit times, with coupled estimates of the temporal dynamics and ages of soil and root uptake water. The willows showed high water use through evapotranspiration, with limited percolation of summer precipitation to deeper soil layers due to the dominance of shallow root uptake (>80 % in the upper 10 cm, 70 %–78 % transpiration/evapotranspiration). Lower evapotranspiration under grass (52 %–55 % transpiration/evapotranspiration) resulted in higher soil moisture storage, greater soil evaporation, and more percolation of soil water. Biomass allocation was predominantly foliage growth (57 % in grass and 78 % in willow). Shallow soil water age under grass was estimated to be similar to under willows (15–17 d). Considering potential xylem transit times showed a substantial improvement in the model's capability to simulate xylem isotopic composition and water ages and demonstrates the potential value of using in situ data to aid ecohydrological modelling. Root water uptake was predominately derived from summer precipitation events (56 %) and had an average age of 35 d, with xylem transport times taking at least 6.2–8.1 d. By evaluating isotope mass balances along with water partitioning, energy budgets, and biomass allocation, the EcH2O-iso model proved a useful tool for assessing water cycling within the critical zone at high temporal resolution, particularly xylem water sources and transport, which are all necessary for short- and long-term assessment of water availability for plant growth.
Precipitation rather than wind drives the response of East Asian forests to tropical cyclones
Authors: Chen Yi-Ying , Luyssaert Sebastiaan
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Forests disturbance by tropical cyclones is documented by field studies of exceptionally strong cyclones and satellite-based approaches attributing decreases in leaf area. The biases that come with such approaches may limit our understanding of the impact of cyclones in general. This study overcomes such biases by starting the analysis from the observed storm tracks rather than the observed damage. Changes in forest leaf area in East Asia were assessed by jointly analyzing the cyclone tracks, climate reanalysis, and changes in satellite-based leaf area following the passage of 145 ± 42 cyclones. Sixty days following their passage, 14 ± 6 % of the cyclones resulted in a decrease and 55 ± 21 % showed no change in leaf area compared to nearby forest outside the storm track. For a surprising 31 ± 6 % of the cyclones, an increase in leaf area was observed. Further analysis revealed that cyclones bringing abundant precipitation to dry forest soils in summer could relieve water stress within the storm track increasing its leaf area compared to vegetation outside the storm track. This observation calls for refining the present-day view of cyclones as agents of destruction toward a more nuanced vision that recognizes that cyclones could have minor or even positive effects on leaf area and as such on forest growth.
Ground motion emissions due to wind turbines: observations, acoustic coupling, and attenuation relationships
Authors: Gaßner Laura , Ritter Joachim
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Emissions from wind turbines (WT) cover a wide range of infrasound and ground motions. Some of these emissions are perceived by local residents and can become a source of disturbance or annoyance. To mitigate such disturbances, it is necessary to better understand and, if possible, suppress WT-induced emissions. Within the project Inter-Wind we record and analyze ground motion signals in the vicinity of two wind farms on the Swabian Alb in Southern Germany, simultaneously with acoustic and meteorological measurements, as well as psychological surveys done by cooperating research groups. The investigated wind farms consist of three and sixteen WTs, respectively, and are located on the Alb peneplain at 700–800 m height, approximately 300 m higher than the municipalities. The main aim is to better understand reasons why residents may be affected from WT immissions, based on interdisciplinary data, methods, and expertise. Known ground motions include vibrations due to eigen modes of the WT tower and blades, and the interaction between the passing blade and the tower, causing signals at constant frequencies below 12 Hz. In addition, we observe signals in ground motion recordings at frequencies up to 90 Hz which are proportional to the blade-passing frequency. We can correlate these signals with acoustic recordings and estimate sound pressure to ground motion coupling transfer coefficients of 3–16.5. Sources for these emissions are the WT generator and possibly the gearing box. The identification of such noise sources can help to design potential counter-measures in order to increase the public acceptance of WTs. The measurements in the municipalities indicate that WTs are perceived more in the location where the wind farm is closer to the municipality (approx. 1 km). However, there is also a major railway line which produces higher vibration and infrasound signal amplitudes compared to the WTs. Along the measurement lines the decay rate of the WT-induced ground motions is determined for a damping relation proportional to 1 / rb. We find frequency-dependent b-values for different scenarios at our geological setting of Jurassic limestone on marl, sandstone, and Quaternary deposits. These damping relationships can be used to estimated emissions in the far- field and to plan mitigation strategies.
Drone-towed CSEM system for near-surface geophysical prospecting: On instrument noise, temperature drift, transmission frequency and survey setup
Authors: Vilhelmsen Tobias Bjerg , Døssing Arne
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Drone-borne controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) systems combine the mobility of airborne systems with the high subsurface resolution in ground systems. As such, drone-borne systems are beneficial at sites with poor accessibility and in areas where high resolution is needed, e.g., for archaeological or subsurface pollution investigations. However, drone-borne CSEM systems are associated with challenges, which are not observed to same the degree in airborne or ground surveys. In this paper, we explore some of these challenges based on an example of a new drone-towed CSEM system. The system deploys a multi-frequency broadband electromagnetic sensor (GEM-2UAV), which is towed six meters below a drone in a towing-bird configuration together with a Novatel GNSS-IMU unit, enabling centimetre level position precision and orientation. The results of a number of controlled tests of the system are presented together with data from an initial survey at Falster (Denmark), including temperature drift, altitude vs signal, survey mode signal dependency, and the effect of frequency choice on noise. The test results reveal the most critical issues for our system and issues that are likely encountered in similar drone-towed CSEM setups. We find that small altitude variations (+/- 0.5 m) along our flight paths drastically change the signal, and a local height vs signal correlation is needed to correct near-surface drone-towed CSEM data. The highest measured impact was -46.2 ppm/cm for a transmission frequency of 91 kHz. We also observe a significant increase in the standard deviation of the noise level up to 500 % when going from one transmission frequency to five. We recommend not to use more than three transmission frequencies, and the lowest transmission frequencies should be as high as the application allows it. Finally, we find a strong temperature dependency (up to 32.2 ppm/C), which is not accounted for in the instrumentation.