bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The signs of adaptive mutations identified in the chloroplast genome of the algae endosymbiont of Baikal sponge.
Authors: Feranchuk Sergey , Belkova Natalia , Chernogor Lubov , Potapova Ulyana , Belikov Sergei
Published: September 2018

Background: The study of ecosystems of the great lakes is important as observations can be extended to ecosystems of larger scale. The ecological crisis of Lake Baikal needs investigations to discover the molecular mechanisms involved in the crisis. The disease of Baikal sponges is one of the processes resulting in the degradation of the littoral zone of the lake.

Methods: The chloroplast genome fragment for the algae endosymbiont of Baikal sponge was assembled from metagenomic sequencing data. The distributions of polymorphic sites were obtained for the genome fragment, separately for samples from healthy sponge, diseased sponge and dead sponge tissues.

Results: The comparative analysis of chloroplast genome sequences suggests that the symbiotic algae from Baikal sponge is close to Choricystis genus of unicellular algae. Also, the distributions of polymorphic sites allowed detection of the signs of extensive mutations in the chloroplasts isolated from the diseased sponge tissues.

Conclusions: The study demonstrate the particular case of evolution at the molecular level due to the conditions of a severe crisis of a whole ecosystem in Lake Baikal. The detection of adaptive mutations in the chloroplast genome is an important feature which could represent the behavior of an ecosystem in the event of a severe crisis.
Post-cholecystectomy dietary factors and implications for nursing practice
Authors: Brand Carli , Craft Judy , Christensen Martin
Published: September 2018

Cholecystectomy is a common surgical procedure performed for gallbladder disease, with symptomatic cholelithiasis being the main reason for cholecystectomies in developed nations; dietary intake and obesity constitute significant modifiable risk factors. Post-cholecystectomy, patients may experience various gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhoea, and higher risk of developing co-morbidities, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This nursing practice review found that risk is decreased when significant dietary changes are made, including a reduced intake of total energy, fat, protein, refined grains and fructose-rich beverages, and an increased consumption of vegetables, fruit, fish rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, dietary fibre and whole grains. Such approaches should be maintained for at least three months post-cholecystectomy. Patient education regarding dietary recommendations postoperatively is partly a nursing responsibility, particularly to support education provided by dietitians; however, this is often neglected or inadequate. Establishment of clear nursing practice guidelines may contribute to improved patient education and outcomes.
Direct approach to compute Jacobians for diffuse optical tomography using perturbation Monte Carlo-based photon “replay”
Authors: Yao Ruoyang , Intes Xavier , Fang Qianqian
Published: September 2018

Perturbation Monte Carlo (pMC) has been previously proposed to rapidly recompute optical measurements when small perturbations of optical properties are considered, but it was largely restricted to changes associated with prior tissue segments or regions-of-interest. In this work, we expand pMC to compute spatially and temporally resolved sensitivity profiles, i.e. the Jacobians, for diffuse optical tomography (DOT) applications. By recording the pseudo random number generator (PRNG) seeds of each detected photon, we are able to “replay” all detected photons to directly create the 3D sensitivity profiles for both absorption and scattering coefficients. We validate the replay-based Jacobians against the traditional adjoint Monte Carlo (aMC) method, and demonstrate the feasibility of using this approach for efficient 3D image reconstructions using in vitro hyperspectral wide-field DOT measurements. The strengths and limitations of the replay approach regarding its computational efficiency and accuracy are discussed, in comparison with aMC, for point-detector systems as well as wide-field pattern-based and hyperspectral imaging systems. The replay approach has been implemented in both of our open-source MC simulators - MCX and MMC (http://mcx.space)
Smartphone supported backlight illumination and image acquisition for microfluidic-based point-of-care testing
Authors: Chen Gang , Chai Hui Hui , Yu Ling , Fang Can
Published: September 2018

A smartphone-based image analysis system is advantageous for point-of-care testing applications. However, the processes of observation and image recording rely heavily on an external attachment that includes additional light sources. Moreover, microfluidic point-of-care devices are highly miniaturized, and can be clearly observed only under magnification. To address these issues, the present work proposes a novel imaging box for converting the built-in light source of a smartphone into uniform backlight illumination to avoid interference arising from reflections. A multi-piece orthoscopic lens is embedded in the imaging box to enable the imaging of micro-sized samples. As such, the colorimetric signal of a microchannel with a width as small as 25 µm can be faithfully recorded. Protein concentration quantification based on the bicinchoninic acid assay method was demonstrated with the proposed smartphone/imaging box system from an analysis of colorimetric signals. In addition, a microfluidic chip for conducting ABO blood typing was fabricated, and the microscopic imaging of induced blood coagulation can be clearly observed in a 3 µL sample using the proposed system. These results highlight the potential for adopting smartphone-based analysis systems in point-of-care testing applications.
THE LAW OF WORDS: STANDING, ENVIRONMENT, AND OTHER CONTESTED TERMS
Authors: Cassuto David Nathan
Published: September 2018

Friends of the Earth, Inc. v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (TOC), Inc., 528 U.S. 167 (2000), exposes fundamental incoherencies within environmental standing doctrine, even while it ostensibly makes standing easier to prove for plaintiffs in environmental citizen suits. According to Laidlaw, an environmental plaintiff needs only to show personal injury to satisfy Article ill’s standing requirement; she need not show that the alleged statutory violation actually harms the environment. This Article argues that Laidlaw’s distinbtion between injury to the plaintiff and harm to the environment is nonsensical. Both the majority and dissent in Laidlaw incorrectly assume that there exists an objective standard by which a plaintiff, society or a court can measure harm or injury. Using examples drawn both from history (the 7) aiI Smelter. Arbitration (1930-41)) and fiction (Barbara Klngsolver’s novel Animal Dreams), this Article illustrates that the inherent contingency of language renders it impossible to define harm or injury without acknowledging the systemic perspective from which the concepts are viewed. The path to an intelligible standing doctrine lies not in focusing on this artificial opposition, but instead in acknowledging statutory violations as injurious to the social and legal system of which we all form a part. Assuming the violated statute contains a citizen suit provision, the resulting harm to the system could and should enable individuals to sue. This policy would conform the Court’s standing jurisprudence to the language and intent of the statutes before Ii. Moreover, this policy would counter the undermining of the rhetoric of environmental protection that persists so long as the Supreme Court continues its frequent yet unsucceesfid efforts to retool its definition of cognizable legal injury.
JUSTIÇA E CONSENSO: PROTAGONISMO E CIDADANIA NA PERSPECTIVA CULTURAL DO DIÁLOGO
Authors: Dos Santos Karinne Emanoela Goettems
Published: September 2018

O presente artigo é fruto de um constante questionamento acercada concretização do acesso à justiça por meio do consenso. Para além das teorias de premissa maior e premissa menor e da separação entre fato de direito, este trabalho propõe uma reflexão sobre acesso à justiça e à cidadania, sobre jurisdição e sociedade, sobre rituais adversariais e consensuais. Para tanto, busca ilustrar o cenário da litigiosidade e, a partir dela, justificar a importância de rituais que, com base no consenso, valorizam a comunicação entre os conflitantes, transformando as relações sociais. Além disso, o estudo avança para a análise do consenso proposto pelo novo Código de Processo Civil e Lei de Mediação, destacando a participação e o protagonismo do cidadão neste processo de superação dos meios adversariais como fator de distinção para o exercício efetivo do acesso à justiça, defendendo sobretudo a riqueza do diálogo como ferramenta de emancipação e cidadania.
ORIGINALISMO E NÃO ORIGINALISMO E O DEBATE CONSTITUCIONAL NORTEAMERICANO
Authors: Da Silva Alexandre Garrido , Bueno Roberto
Published: September 2018

Constituições, nas democracias, são caracterizadas pela abertura e pela generalidade textual. O Poder Constituinte Originário não é capaz de prever todas as minúcias ocorrentes na sociedade. Por isso cabe ao Poder judiciário a aplicação das normas diante do caso concreto. Essa arquitetura revela um problema: como o juiz deve interpretar as normas da Constituição? Recorrer à tentativa de resgatar a intenção dos legisladores originários ou considerar os valores e as compreensões atuais? Esse é o debate que gravita ao redor da disputa entre originalismo e não originalismo. O texto propõe fomentar o debate proposto por estas tradições, especialmente o problema da incompletude das Constituições e as vias de resposta judicial aos problemas concretos. Destacam-se também os limites da liberdade de criação judicial e as restrições em sua tarefa de aplicação do direito em um Estado democrático de direito. Os referenciais teóricos mobilizados à análise foram os de John Hart Ely e Antonin Scalia.
Omentin-1 and NAMPT serum concentrations are higher and CK-18 levels are lower in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes when compared to healthy age, sex and BMI matched controls
Authors: Nurten Esra , Vogel Mandy , Michael Kapellen Thomas , Richter Sandy , Garten Antje , Penke Melanie , Schuster Susanne , Körner Antje , Kiess Wieland , Kratzsch Jürgen
Published: September 2018

Background

Adipokines were shown to affect glucose homeostasis and β-cell function in patients with pancreatic dysfunction which is associated with changes in the adipose tissue secretory profile. However, information about adipokines associated with β-cell dysfunction is lacking in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes.

Methods

(1) We compared serum concentrations of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), omentin-1 and caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18 fragment M30 (CK-18) in pediatric type 1 diabetes patients (n=245) and healthy age, sex and body mass index standard deviation score (BMI-SDS) matched controls (n=243). (2) We investigated the influence of insulin treatment on serum concentrations of NAMPT, omentin-1 and CK-18 in groups of patients with type 1 diabetes stratified according to the duration of their disease: at onset (n=50), ≥6 months and <5 years (n=185), ≥5 and <10 years (n=98), and ≥10 years (n=52).

Results

Patients at onset compared with healthy controls demonstrated no significant differences in NAMPT levels (p=0.129), whereas omentin-1 levels were elevated (p<0.001) and CK-18 levels were lowered (p=0.034). In contrast, NAMPT and omentin-1 were elevated and CK-18 serum levels were lower in longstanding patients compared to healthy controls (p<0.001). NAMPT serum levels did not change significantly during the duration of type 1 diabetes (p=0.546). At onset, omentin-1 and CK-18 levels were higher than in any group of longstanding type 1 diabetes (p<0.025).

Conclusions

Altered serum levels of NAMPT, omentin-1 and CK-18 in pediatric type 1 diabetes patients indicate metabolic changes caused by adipose tissue dysregulation which do not normalize during insulin therapy.
Interoperability of laboratory data in Switzerland – a spotlight on Bern
Authors: Dahlweid Fried-Michael , Kämpf Matthias , Leichtle Alexander
Published: September 2018

Laboratory data is a treasure chest for personalized medicine: it is – in general – electronically available, highly structured, quality controlled and indicative for many diseases. However, it is also a box with (probably more than) seven locks: laboratories use their own internal coding systems, results are reported in different languages (four official languages plus English with very distinct features in Switzerland), report formats are not uniform, standard nomenclature (e.g. Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes [LOINC]) is not routinely used and even these coding systems lack important information, including data, for example, about the specific “kit” used for testing or preanalytical procedures affecting the sample quality and result interpretability. Visualization of complex laboratory and reporting “-omics” data are additional challenges. Currently, there is no “passepartout” key for all these locks available, and also newer concepts such as Fast Health Interoperability Resources (FHIR) might not provide enough plasticity to unconditionally render laboratory data interoperable. In this short overview, we present current approaches in Switzerland with a specific focus on the exemplary Bernese implementations.
Properties of EPDM/PP thermoplastic vulcanizates produced by an intermeshing-type internal mixer comparing with a co-rotating twin-screw extruder
Authors: Teppinta Wattana , Junhasavasdikul Banja , Nithi-Uthai Nattapong
Published: September 2018

A unique technology for producing thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV) has been developed using an intermeshing-type internal mixer (ITM). TPV produced by the ITM was compared with that produced using a co-rotating twin screw extruder (Co-TSE) to assess the former’s commercial possibilities. TPV, originating from ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) and polypropylene (PP), was produced by both machines with equal filled volumes, same shear rate, and same specific mechanical energy. Results indicate that ITMs can be used to produce TPV with mechanical properties comparable to those of TPV produced by Co-TSE. TPV can be produced with a lower shear rate with ITM compared to Co-TSE. A long residence time can be maintained in the mixing chamber of the ITM, allowing high conversion of the cross-linking reaction and resulting in better elastic recovery properties due to the higher cross-linking density. However, this resulted in higher viscosity of TPV produced by ITM.
Conditional morphology in New York heritage Spanish: General and variable usage patterns
Authors: Viner Kevin Martillo
Published: September 2018

This paper analyzes the use of conditional morphology by second-generation Spanish speaking New Yorkers. We consider both overall usage patterns and variation, the latter exclusively in the apodosis of hypothetical utterances where three forms occur: the conditional, the subjunctive, and the indicative. The data are from semi-controlled sociolinguistic interviews with 26 Spanish-English second-generation bilingual participants from New York City. The participants stem from the six largest Spanish-speaking national origins in the city: Puerto Rican, Dominican, Cuban, Mexican, Colombian, and Ecuadorian. The findings show that conditional morphology is active in the grammars of these bilinguals, but variation does manifest between the three aforementioned forms in the apodosis. Furthermore, three of the 10 external variables identified for the investigation are found to be statistically significant in the cohort: level of English skill, level of education, and areal origin.
Creative Grammarians: Cognition, Language and Literature – An Exploratory Response
Authors: Schneck Peter
Published: September 2018

Any definition of creativity is a ‘machine’ which produces exactly those instances of creativity that follow the rules of the respective definition – so how does one escape the conundrum of defining individual creativity without turning it into a mere act of reproduction? One of the central tenets of the present volume is that Construction Grammar is particularly suited to bridge the gap between everyday linguistic creativity and highly professionalized and conventionalized forms of cultural reproduction, especially creative literature. While it appears to merely follow a trend in cognitive linguistics, which emerged and firmly established itself over the last three decades, and which emphasizes the creative potential of linguistic practices over and against the definition of language and speech as a rule-based system of engendering constraints, Construction Grammar insists on its ability to provide a most profitable interdisciplinary approach for the study of creativity and language – one that would also be able to embrace and empower the study of literary creativity.
Time, Age, and Predictors of Psychosocial Outcome in Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Soloff Paul H. , Chiappetta Laurel
Published: September 2018

In longitudinal studies, BPD symptoms diminish over time, though psychosocial functioning lags far behind. The effects of time and advancing age on BPD are poorly understood. We sought prospective predictors of psychosocial outcome and recovery in 150 BPD subjects followed 2 to 31 years (mean 9.94 years) using a multidimensional assessment method and biannual follow-ups. Time-in-study had no significant effect on achieving diagnostic remission in BPD, good psychosocial outcomes, meaningful interpersonal relationships, full employment, or total recovery; however, younger age was associated with social and vocational achievement independent of BPD remission. Significant contributions to psychosocial outcome were found for age, employment status, MDD, SUD, Any Anxiety Disorder, and Alcohol abuse/dependence (ALC). Remission from BPD was neither necessary or sufficient for good interpersonal relationships or full-time employment. Full-time employment and social and vocational adjustment (SAS-sr) predicted good psychosocial outcome. Axis I comorbidity with Any Anxiety Disorder, MDD, or SUD predicted poor outcome.
The Prospect and Future of Youth Kroncong Group at Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia in Bandung
Authors: Supiarza Hery , Sobarna Cece , Sukmayadi Yudi , Mulyadi Raden Muhammad
Published: September 2018

This article discusses the prospect and future of youth Kroncong group at the Indonesia University of Education or Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia in Bandung. The focus of research subject in this study is one particular Kroncong group namely Orkes Kroncong De Oemar Bakrie. By examining the society’s appreciation towards the group performances and by implementing the triangulation techniques; results show that the group can be seen as a representative of youth Kroncong group in Bandung. Based on research from 2000 until 2017, it can be concluded that University-based Kroncong group is more excelled not only in the music industry, but also in the music development and the music organization. The group is considered as a role model and parameter for other youth Kroncong group in Bandung.
Musical Activity in The Music Learning Process Through Children Songs in Primary School Level
Authors: Sinaga Syahrul Syah , Susanto Susanto , Ganap Victor , Rohidi Tjetjep Rehendi
Published: September 2018

This study aims to analyze and describe the musical activity in the process of learning music through children songs in primary school. A qualitative approach in this research is made by focusing on the field research method. Data were collected by observation techniques, interviews, and documentation studies. Data analysis was done by following certain stages respectively, i.e. data collection, data reduction, data display, conclusion drawing, and verification. The results showed that musical activities implemented in three primary schools consist of (1) listening to music; (2) singing; (3) playing musical instruments; (4) moving to follow the music; and (5) reading music. However, forms, types, and variations of the musical activities taking place in these schools are different, depending on the schools’ policy, schools’ abilities, and music teachers’ abilities in teaching the music subject.
Establishment of Learners’ Character Through Learning Traditional Dance in Senior High School
Authors: Riyaningsih Etik , Maryono Maryono , Harini Harini
Published: September 2018

This research was conducted to describe the character establishment of learners through learning dance in terms of the learning process, exercises and elements of traditional dance. This research was conducted to find and explain the process of learning traditional dance in the development of learners’ character establishment. This research data is in the form of information, documents and learning process collected through interview, literature study and observation. Meanwhile, triangulation method is done to test the validity of data from those various sources. The result shows that learning the traditional dance of Bajul Mahambara can enrich the experience of learners and on the other hand train the intellect and sense by understanding the characters of local wisdom contained in traditional dance. Learning traditional dance can give a positive influence in establishing the character of learners which are (1) religiosity; (2) honesty; (3) responsibility and cooperation; (4) tolerance; (5) discipline; (6) creativity.
ISO/IEC 17025 accreditation of radiation measurement test methods in the Brazilian National Commission for Nuclear Energy – Laboratory of Poços de Caldas
Authors: Bonifácio Rodrigo Leandro , Dias Danila Carrijo da Silva , Bocóli Daniela De Assis , Taddei Maria Helena Tirollo , Silva Nivaldo Carlos , Nascimento Marcos Roberto Lopes
Published: September 2018

This paper describes the implementation process of a Quality Management System (QMS) at the Laboratory of Poços de Caldas (LAPOC) in Brazil, aiming for ISO/IEC 17025 accreditation. Due to the governmental nature of the entity, all accreditation efforts had to be undertaken on a particular legal framework – not usually favorable to QMS requirements. As the scope consisted of both chemical and radiation test methods (for which only a few labs are accredited worldwide), this initiative turned into a complex endeavor for the organization. In this sense, critical aspects on the development of a QMS are emphasized. LAPOC’s approach to achieve accreditation focused on the branches of documentation development and method validation/uncertainty estimation, whose challenges are here discussed. Upon the successful conclusion of its quality assurance project, LAPOC became the national pioneer in the field of accredited radiation measurements. This case study may be inspiring to other public institutions that struggle to obtain accreditation of radioanalytical test methods in an environment of low resources availability and restricted manpower.
The Healer's Art: Remembering Our Professional Lineage in Community through the Cultivation of Individual Core Values
Authors: Stender Sarah , Stender Sarah
Published: September 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Introduction: There is both patient and provider dissatisfaction with the climate of healthcare delivery. Upon review, this is found to be at least in part attributable to the mechanization of health care, which often involves more computer interaction than hands-on care. Despite rising costs, the physical exam is replaced by lab tests and radiologic studies, generating more cost. The time-honored respect for a carefully obtained history from the patient is replaced by a computer check-box template. The humanity of both physician and patient are marginalized, with increased potential for both diagnostic and therapeutic compromise. Though access to medical information about disease is possible with bioinformatics, artificial intelligence cannot substitute for analysis by an informed, attentive, and properly educated physician. The process of healing must begin with the first patient visit - and the presence of an informed, compassionate, and fully attentive physician. Objective: To describe the history of medical educators' grappling with this problem through 3 landmark articles over a 100-year period. To illustrate the challenges of the climate of medical education. To offer some educational strategies (with examples of successful programs) to teach physicians using the Humanities. To illustrate that the art and science of medicine are synergistic, not dichotomous. Methods: Two educational theories ripe for use: Chickering and the Discovery Model, and Osler's recommended bedside reading list, exemplary programs that are being used currently (and over the last 25-plus years) to emphasize the importance of both the science and the practice of medicine in an effort to optimize the medical climate. Conclusion: The problem of physician burnout and patient dissatisfaction is being addressed in the medical literature, by regulatory societies devoted to physician wellness and by medical educators. This is nevertheless a challenge given the current electronic climate (with bioinformatics and artificial intelligence) and revenue-focused agendas of practice management business people. Results: With an awareness of the need for emphasis on the humanities coupled with an historical perspective over the last 100 years, a spirit of hope can be provided to both physician and patient from the lineage of the medical profession, which also is a legacy for our medical students.
Condicionantes da amamentação exclusiva na perspectiva materna
Authors: Rocha Gabriele Pereira , Oliveira Maria do Carmo Fontes , Ávila Luciana Beatriz Bastos , Longo Giana Zarbato , Cotta Rosângela Minardi Mitre , Araújo Raquel Maria Amaral
Published: September 2018

O objetivo do estudo foi explorar, entre nutrizes, as vivências positivas e negativas na realização da prática da amamentação exclusiva. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo, qualitativo, envolvendo 18 nutrizes com filhos de até um ano de idade, recrutadas no Serviço de Imunização do Município de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas gravadas e transcritas. O corpus foi submetido à análise de conteúdo para averiguação das unidades temáticas relacionadas às vivências positivas e negativas, e, em seguida, foram construídos dois textos correspondentes a cada situação. Esses textos foram submetidos à análise de similitude com o auxílio do software IRAMUTEQ, gerando duas árvores de similitude. A interpretação das árvores de similitude foi realizada a partir das linhas de concordância produzidas pelo software AntConc. As principais vivências negativas na amamentação exclusiva foram a demanda constante da criança pelo peito, a impossibilidade de distanciar-se da criança, a dor ao amamentar e a insegurança quanto à capacidade de produzir leite suficiente. As principais vivências positivas foram os benefícios biológicos do leite materno, o vínculo mãe-filho, a praticidade e o menor custo. O estudo possibilitou a apreensão das dimensões positivas e negativas ligadas à amamentação exclusiva e sugere a importância da assistência profissional à mulher na fase inicial da amamentação e do apoio da rede social para amenizar a sensação de sobrecarga da mulher.
THE PROCESS OF COOPETITIVE STRATEGY: A CASE STUDY OF MICROBREWERIES IN PORTO ALEGRE
Authors: MONTICELLI JEFFERSON M. , SILVEIRA ALEXANDRE B. DA , SILVA LUCIANA M. DA
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT Purpose: The study presents a dynamic and complex procedural experience performed by small microbreweries in a cluster in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Thus, this article aims to establish theoretical propositions about coopetition strategies in this context. Originality/value: One of the gaps in the organizational studies is an understanding of how the process of developing a new strategic dynamic takes place. We consider coopetition to be a process that involves narrow strategies of simultaneous coopetition and cooperation between competing firms, in different areas and levels of interaction. Design/methodology/approach: Qualitative, exploratory research was conducted, using data triangulation and multiple methods. The case study technique was adopted to perform an in-depth examination of the phenomenon of secondary data collection, participant observations, and semi-structured interviews. Findings: The results showed that microbreweries are developing a strategic process of coopetition through greater sharing of resources, information, interactions, learning, and inter-organizational and intra-organizational knowledge, essentially in the stages of distribution and sales. The reports and evidence of the research showed synergy between the mechanisms and common goals found, thus demonstrating the dynamic of these small businesses.
AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DE MÉIS DE ABELHAS AFRICANIZADAS E SEM FERRÃO NATIVAS DO NORDESTE DO ESTADO DO PARÁ
Authors: Menezes Blenda do Amor Divino , Mattietto Rafaella de Andrade , Lourenço Lúcia de Fátima Henriques
Published: September 2018

Resumo O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade microbiológica e físico-química do mel in natura (np) e pasteurizado (p) de abelhas africanizadas (Apis mellifera) e de duas espécies de abelhas sem ferrão (Melipona fasciculata e Melipona flavolineata) nativas da região Nordeste do Estado do Pará. As análises físico-químicas foram realizadas de acordo com o recomendado pela legislação brasileira para Apis mellifera e as análises microbiológicas seguiram os métodos oficiais da American Public Health Association. Os méis de Apis mellifera apresentaram-se dentro dos padrões físico-químicos estabelecidos, exceto para os parâmetros açúcares redutores (np: 57,43%±1,28 e p: 58,53%±1,91), acidez (np: 62,25 cmol/Kg±4,15 e p: 62,67 cmol/Kg±5,75) e umidade (np: 21,02%±0,17 e p: 20,12%±0,07). Os méis de meliponíneos apresentaram-se dentro da faixa observada na literatura para esse tipo de mel. Em quase todas as análises físico-químicas realizadas, os méis estudados mostraram-se diferentes entre si, sendo que os méis de meliponíneos apresentam umidade e atividade de água mais elevada, o que os torna mais suscetíveis a deteriorações. Foi observada diferença significativa entre os méis in natura de A. mellifera e de meliponíneos quando comparado com seus respectivos méis pasteurizados para as análises de umidade (A. melífera, np: 21,02%±0,17 e p: 20,12%±0,07; M. fasciculata, np: 24,33%±0,03 e p: 23,68%±0,16; M. flavolineata, np: 28,53%±0,02 e p: 27,40%±0,04), sacarose aparente (A. melífera, np: 5,75%±0,18 e p: 3,19%±0,23; M. fasciculata, np: 3,89%±0,04 e p: 1,59%±0,03; M. flavolineata, np: 2,12%±0,22 e p: 1,62%±0,02) e HMF (A. melífera, np: 20,99mg/Kg±0,13 e p: 64,36mg/Kg±0,07; M. fasciculata, np: 6,54mg/Kg±0,14 e p: 9,46mg/Kg±0,09; M. flavolineata, np: 3,59mg/Kg±0,14 e p: 43,19mg/Kg±0,14). Todas as amostras submetidas ao processo de pasteurização encontravam-se dentro dos limites microbiológicos estabelecidos pela legislação vigente.
Paisagens e temporalidades em Serra Leste de Carajás
Authors: Silva Tallyta Suenny Araujo da
Published: September 2018

Resumo O artigo propõe-se a analisar a paisagem de Serra Leste de Carajás e seus diferentes períodos de ocupação de uma forma integrada, visto que cada momento deixou vestígios que compõem a paisagem desta região. O estudo de caso apresenta o contexto de 15 cavidades com vestígios de ocupação recente, sendo que quatro dessas também possuem vestígios das ocupações indígenas remotas preservados, juntamente com o contexto de áreas a céu aberto que serviram de acampamento ou de morada nos tempos pré-cabralinos e que hoje são utilizadas para o pastoreio. Assim, na Serra de Carajás hodierna, é possível encontrar evidências de ocupações de sociedades de caçadores-coletores, de horticultores, do período da garimpagem, entre outros. Baseando-se em correntes teóricas da paisagem que interpretam natureza e cultura de uma forma integrativa em longa duração, chama-se atenção para a questão de que a paisagem é um palimpsesto com memórias das diferentes ocupações, bem como de que suas camadas podem eventualmente se cruzar.
Sujeito dativo em Canela
Authors: Alves Flávia de Castro
Published: September 2018

Resumo Certos predicados (nominais e verbais) podem ocorrer em construções que expressam estados mentais ou físicos em Canela. Nestas construções, com um ou dois argumentos, o experienciador é marcado formalmente pela posposição dativa mã: (i) [ExperienciadorDativo Predicado]; (ii) [ExperienciadorDativo Estímulo Predicado]. Neste artigo, apresento os diferentes tipos de predicados que podem ocorrer nas construções (i) e (ii): nomes e verbos monovalentes, bivalentes e trivalentes. Adicionalmente, identifico o padrão encontrado nessas construções e avalio a condição gramatical do sintagma dativo. Os testes sintáticos aplicados às construções incluem reflexivização, controle e apagamento nas orações coordenadas e subordinadas, e mudança de referência. As propriedades de comportamento e de controle exibidas pelo sintagma posposicional mostram que as construções (i) e (ii) compartilham muitas das características sintáticas das orações verbais. Considerando que as propriedades de comportamento e de controle são os requisitos para a categoria de sujeito, a conclusão é de que, nessas construções, o sintagma dativo comporta-se como o sujeito, não como um oblíquo. Tais evidências são suficientes para argumentar em favor da categoria gramatical do sujeito como morfologicamente heterogênea em Canela, mas que é unificada por seus comportamentos sintáticos.
ANTECEDENTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF CORPORATE IMAGE: CONVENTIONAL AND ISLAMIC BANKS
Authors: AWAN HAYAT MOHAMMAD , HAYAT SAHAR , FAIZ RAFIA
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT Islamic and conventional banks differ in basic philosophy and objectives although both perform the same service. This study used cognitive, affective, and conative sequence to examine antecedents and consequences of corporate image of conventional and Islamic banks in Pakistan. Self-administered questionnaires collected empirical data from 320 respondents. It was found that non-firm communication and corporate social responsibility significantly relate to brand familiarity and corporate image in case of Islamic banks. Brand familiarity significantly builds corporate image, which confirms the cognitive, affective, and conative sequence. Corporate image creates positive brand attitude and intention to use banking services. In case of conventional banks, only firm communication significantly relates to corporate image and brand familiarity. The relationship of corporate image with brand attitude and intention to use the service are similar to Islamic banks. This study can help banks to invest in building respective antecedents which can increase intention to use their services.
Pyroxsulam: Sulfonamide Herbicide for Weed Control in Wheat in Brazil
Authors: ZOBIOLE L.H.S. , GAST R. , MASTERS R.A. , PEREIRA G.R. , RUBIN R.
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT: Few herbicides are currently registered in Brazil for weed control in wheat. The objective of this research was to determine the wheat crop selectivity and the response of Lolium multiflorum to pyroxsulam. Field experiments were conducted at two locations in Paraná, Brazil. At the proposed commercial rates of 15 and 18 g a.i. ha-1 pyroxsulam did not cause visual injury above 10% in wheat. Pyroxsulam caused >10% injury in wheat at one location (Cascavel) when applied at 21, 30, 36 and 42 g a.i. ha-1; however, the crop fully recovered from the injury by 28 days after application and did not have an adverse effect on wheat grain yield, regardless of the rate applied. Pyroxsulam applied at 15 or 18 g a.i. ha-1 provided excellent control (>85%) of Lolium multiflorum in both trials.
Tolerance of DAS-444ø6-6 and DAS-444ø6-6 x DAS-81419-2 Soybeans to 2,4-D and Glyphosate in the Cerrado Region of Brazil
Authors: KALSING A. , LUCIO F.R. , ROSSI C.V.S. , RAMPAZZO P.E. , GONÇALVES F.P. , VALERIANO R.
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT: The DAS-444Ø6-6 soybean expresses AAD-12, 2mEPSPS and PAT enzymes to provide, respectively, tolerance to 2,4-D, glyphosate and ammonium glufosinate. This event is also associated with DAS-81419-2 expressing Cry1Ac and Cry1F proteins to provide protection against a broad spectrum of soybean lepidopteran insect species. Successful adoption by growers of these technologies relies on the traits performing in the diverse environments of Brazil, especially under adverse weather conditions. The objective of this study was to characterize the tolerance of DAS 444Ø6-6 and DAS-444Ø6-6 x DAS-81419-2 soybeans to 2,4-D and glyphosate in the Cerrado region of Brazil. Eight trials across four sites were conducted in the 2015/2016 summer rainy season using a randomized complete block design, with a factorial arrangement of treatments. Factor A was 2,4-D choline salt (456 g a.e. L-1) + glyphosate DMA salt (480 g a.e. L-1) at 975 + 1,025 and 1,950 + 2,050 g a.e. ha-1, respectively and ready-mix of (2,4-D choline salt 195 g a.e. L-1 + glyphosate DMA salt 205 g a.e. L-1) at 2,000 (975 + 1,025) and 4,000 (1,950 + 2,050) g a.e. ha-1. Factor B was application timing at V3, V6 and R2 soybean growth stages. No visible symptoms of leaf chlorosis, epinasty, or growth inhibition were observed. Slight leaf droop was observed at 1 day after treatment (DAT), but it was null at 7 DAT. Less than 6% and 13% of leaf necrosis or injury were observed at 7 DAT, respectively, at 975 + 1,025 and 1,950 + 2,050 g a.e. ha-1 of 2,4-D choline salt + glyphosate DMA salt, regardless of applied as a ready-mix or not, but it was always 2% or less at 28 DAT. Crop grain yield was not influenced by herbicide treatments, application timing and their interaction, regardless of the soybean event and experimental site. DAS-444Ø6-6 and DAS-444Ø6-6 x DAS-81419-2 soybeans showed high tolerance to 2,4-D choline salt and glyphosate DMA in the Cerrado region of Brazil.
Response of Three Chloris elata Populations to Herbicides Sprayed in Pre- and Post-Emergence
Authors: CORREIA N.M. , RESENDE Í.
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT: In agricultural areas of Brazil, where there is no establishment of cover crops in the off-season and in fruit orchards, an increase in Chloris elata infestations, syn. Chloris polydactyla, has been observed. With the purpose to evaluate the response of three populations (Itaberaí - GO, Matão - SP e Jaboticabal - SP) of C. elata to herbicides sprayed before and after emergence, four experiments were conducted. In the first one, the differential tolerance of three C. elata populations to the herbicide glyphosate (0, 0.18, 0.36, 0.72, 0.96, 1.44, 2.88, 5.76 and 11.52 kg a.e. ha-1) was studied. In the other experiments, the control of the three populations by herbicides applied in pre-emergence (clomazone, diclosulam, flumioxazin, isoxaflutole, chlorimuron-ethyl, metribuzin, S-metolachlor, sulfentrazone and trifluralin) or in post-emergence (clethodim, fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, fluazifop-p-butyl, haloxyfop-methyl, quizalofop-p-tefuryl, mesotrione, nicosulfuron, tembotrione, glufosinate-ammonium, paraquat and glyphosate) was evaluated. The population from Jaboticabal was more susceptible to glyphosate than Itaberaí and Matão, at smaller doses. In pre-emergence, clomazone, isoxaflutole, metribuzin, S-metolachlor and trifluralin were effective in controlling the three populations. The same results were observed for clethodim, fenoxaprop, fluazifop, haloxyfop, quizalofop, paraquat and glyphosate, when sprayed on plants with 2-6 tillers. C. elata populations differed for the herbicides flumioxazin, chlorimuron-ethyl and nicosulfutron.
Sumatran Fleabane Control using Glyphosate in Association with Halauxifen-Methyl Formulations
Authors: ZOBIOLE L.H.S. , KRENCHINSKI F.H. , MORATELLI G. , COSTA N.V.
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT: The effectiveness of a new product has a great importance to weed control, especially those that are difficult to control or resistant to, such as the sumatran fleabane (Conyza sumatrensis). The objective of this research was to evaluate the control of C. sumatrensis at different growth stages, using halauxifen-methyl in combination with other herbicides. The experimental design used was a randomized blocks in a 3x10 factorial scheme, with four replications. The plants of C. sumatrensis were evaluated at different growth: stage 1: plants with 8 leaves; Stage 2: plants with 19 leaves and stage 3: plants with 45 leaves fully expanded. The herbicides used were the association of glyphosate with the herbicides 2,4-D at 806, 943 and 1,209 g a.e. ha-1, halauxifen-methyl + diclosulam at 5.06 g a.e. ha-1 + 25.52 g a.i. ha-1 and 6.32 g a.e. ha-1 + 31.87 g a.i. ha-1, halauxifen-methyl + 2,4-D at 5.00 + 783 g a.e. ha-1 and 6,0 + 940 g a.e. ha-1 and halauxifen-methyl at 5.0 and 6.0 g a.e. ha-1 and untreated, totaling 10 treatments. The herbicides demonstrated satisfactory control of the plants in Stage 1 at 50 DAA, with the exception of the glyphosate + 2,4-D treatment at the lowest rate. However for Stages 2 and 3 the halauxifen-methyl + diclosulam in both rates, provided superior controls in relation to the other treatments. The control of sumatran fleabane was facilitated when their management occurs in the early stages of development, however independent of the development stage, the best controls obtained were with the treatment containing glyphosate + halauxifen-methyl + diclosulam at 1,440 g a.e. ha-1 + 6.32 g a.e. ha-1 + 31.87 g a.i. ha-1. Thus, combinations of herbicides containing halauxifen-methyl are another option to control C. sumatrensis in agricultural systems.
Ciências sociais e representações: estudo dos fenômenos representativos e processos sociais, do local ao global
Authors: Jodelet Denise
Published: September 2018

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é examinar a contribuição que uma abordagem desenvolvida na psicologia social - o estudo das representações sociais - pode trazer às ciências sociais. Como ponto de partida, a reflexão se apoia na constatação do novo interesse desenvolvido nas ciências sociais pelas relações entre o saber ordinário e o saber erudito, a inscrição social dos processos cognitivos, a importância da noção de “comum”, as necessidades de reconfigurar as relações entre disciplinas e considerar a complexidade dos fenômenos abordados. Um exame do tratamento da noção de representação social e/ou coletiva na história das ciências sociais - notadamente na antropologia, na história e na sociologia - recai sobre as reconhecidas propriedades dos fenômenos representativos e sobre seus papéis na vida social. Os eixos de problematização de seu estudo são apresentados em um quadro que resume o espaço de pesquisa que os concerne. Depois de discutir as críticas científicas e políticas dirigidas ao “representacionalismo”, um esquema que coloca fenômenos representativos na interseção de três esferas de pertencimento - subjetiva, intersubjetiva e trans-subjetiva - e permite mostrar a pertinência do estudo das representações sociais em um espaço globalizado. Essa pertinência é ilustrada pelo exemplo de trabalhos relativos aos efeitos dos vetores da globalização sobre identidades sociais locais, e pelas posições adotadas pelos pesquisadores latino-americanos em face da importação de modelos emprestados dos círculos dominantes do Primeiro Mundo.
O global e o local na pesquisa sociológica
Authors: Bin Daniel
Published: September 2018

Resumo Este trabalho apresenta reflexão sobre como a investigação sociológica articula a construção de objetos teóricos globais e o estudo de fenômenos locais visando a explicações de uma realidade que se torna cada vez mais complexa com a globalização das estruturas, das relações e dos processos sociais. Vislumbro aqui abordagens que considerem que, por mais que a realidade nos seja mais imediatamente apreensível na esfera local das relações, é nas macroforças que encontramos a explicação dessa mesma realidade. Essa hipótese não descuida da noção de que, por mais que teorias possam ser construídas em termos globais, é localmente que elas se deparam com a realidade que se propõem a explicar. A essas abordagens podem servir ao menos dois meios de investigação: o estudo de caso estendido, que nos chama a observar fenômenos locais com vistas a reconstruir teorias globais; e o estudo sociológico de biografia, cujo objetivo é similar ao do primeiro método, porém, tendo como caso o indivíduo em sua existência social.
Estrategias motivacionales efectivas en profesores en formación
Authors: VALENZUELA Jorge , MUÑOZ Carla , MONTOYA LEVINAO Abigail
Published: September 2018

Resumen Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación realizada en Chile, cuyo objetivo fue, en primer lugar, testear la hipótesis de que profesores en formación de último año tienden, mayoritariamente, a concebir las estrategias motivacionales efectivas desde una lógica de entretención, por sobre otras vinculadas más directamente con la realización de la tarea o la motivación por aprendizaje; y en segundo lugar, caracterizar las estrategias motivacionales percibidas como posibles y efectivas, agrupándolas según su foco en estrategias orientadas al aprendizaje, realización de la tarea y a la entretención. En el estudio participaron 306 estudiantes de pedagogía chilenos, de ambos sexos, de distintas universidades de la Región de la Araucanía que cursan su último año de carrera. Los resultados muestran la confirmación de la hipótesis, evidenciando una preeminencia de una concepción de la motivación escolar que se organiza en torno a la idea de entretención. Más aún, se evidencia que esta lógica de la entretención invisibiliza, en muchos casos, una concepción de la motivación escolar centrada en favorecer el deseo de aprender. Finalmente, se discuten las implicancias de estos hallazgos para una mejor formación docente y para un ejercicio efectivo de la motivación en el aula, en donde se tomen en consideración los aspectos relacionados con la entretención y la realización de la tarea, pero donde prevalezca la motivación orientada a suscitar el deseo de aprender.
Farklı anız yönetim sistemlerinin yakıt, kapasite yönünden karşılaştırılması ve doğrudan anıza ekim
Authors: KOLAY Betül , GÜRSOY Songül , AVŞAR Özlem , SESSİZ Abdullah
Published: September 2018

Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesinde buğday
hasadından sonra tarlada kalan anız çiftçiler tarafından genellikle
yakılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ülkemizde ve bölgemizde anız yakmanın neden olduğu
problemlerin azaltılması ve üreticilere uygun bir buğday hasat yönteminin
tavsiye edilebilmesi amaçlanmıştır. 2012 yılında yürütülen bu çalışma iki farklı
anız biçme yüksekliği ve beş farklı anız yönetim sisteminde
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada yöntemlerin yakıt tüketimi, iş başarısı, tarla
yüzeyinde kalan anız miktarı incelenmiştir. Ayrıca uygulanan bu yöntemlerden
sonra hasat edilen alanlara mibzerle doğrudan anıza mercimek ekimi yapılmıştır.
Yöntemlerin mercimek bitkisinin tarla filiz çıkışına (TFÇ) olan etkisi incelenmiştir.
Sonuç olarak biçerdövere monte edilmiş sap parçalayıcı ile saman yapılarak
samanın biçerdöver tarafından çekilen tarım arabası ile tarladan
uzaklaştırıldığı uygulamada yakıt tüketimi en yüksek (29.41 L ha-1),
buğdayın biçerdöverle hasat edilip anızın tarlada bırakıldığı uygulamada iş
başarısı (1.85 ha h-1) ve tarladaki anız miktarı
(3716.43 kg ha-1) en yüksek bulunmuştur. En yüksek tarla
filiz çıkışı oranı da biçerdövere monte edilmiş sap parçalayıcı ile saman
yapılarak samanın biçerdöver tarafından çekilen tarım arabası ile tarladan
uzaklaştırıldığı uygulama (213.77 adet m-2) ile
biçerdövere monte edilmiş sap parçalayıcı ile saman yapılarak samanın tarla
yüzeyine dağıtıldığı (203.99 adet m-2) uygulamalarda elde
edilmiştir.
Chromatographic profile of aqueous extract by HPLC v1
Authors: Wiliunfo LWTT Torres Tapia Luis
Published: September 2018

This chromatographic detection method was developed in order to solve the most compounds from aqueous extracts leaves of dune and magrove plant by HPLC.
Immunohistochemistry v1
Authors: Fujisawa Masayoshi
Published: September 2018

Immunohistochemistry using paraffin sections. There are several options for some steps and all the options are listed on Steps section. The suitable options for each antibody is noted on Guidelines&warnings section.