bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Punicalagin Activity Against Influenza A Virus Proteins via In-silico Approaches
Authors: Asadi-Samani Majid , Altememy Dhiya , Saffari-Chaleshtori Javad , Moradi Mohammad-Taghi
Published: December 2024

Background: To investigate the anti-influenza mechanism of punicalagin and its inhibitory effects on influenza virus proteins, we conducted molecular docking studies targeting 11 viral proteins. Additionally, molecular dynamics simulations were performed for the protein with the lowest free energy and the minimum concentration required for binding in a simulated environment. Methods: The molecular structure and data of punicalagin were obtained from the PubChem database and converted into a PDB file. FASTA sequences of viral proteins were retrieved from UniProt, and their PDB structures were predicted using the I-TASSER server. Molecular docking was performed using AutoDock 4.2 software, while molecular dynamics simulations were conducted with Gromacs 2022 software. Results: The PB1-F2 protein exhibited the best inhibitory performance, with a binding energy of -5.76 kcal/mol and the lowest inhibition constant (Ki). Docking of punicalagin to the PB1-F2 protein led to a significant decrease in the average total energy (TE), radius of gyration (Rg), and root mean square deviation (RMSD), as well as alterations in the secondary structure of the protein (P < 0.001). The most prominent secondary structural change was a reduction in coil structures and an increase in turn structures. Conclusions: Punicalagin displayed a strong binding affinity for the PB1-F2 protein compared to other influenza viral proteins. Considering the role of PB1-F2 in exacerbating inflammation caused by influenza, punicalagin may mitigate inflammation in patients by modulating the activity of this protein.
Bias Identification Approaches for Model Updating of Simulation-based Digital Twins of Bridges
Authors:   BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Andrés Arcones Daniel ,   Konrad-Zuse-Institut Berlin (ZIB), Weiser Martin ,   Technical University of Munich (TUM), Koutsourelakis Phaedon-Stelios ,   BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Unger Jörg F.
Published: December 2024

. Simulation-based digital twins of bridges have the potential not only to

serve as monitoring devices of the current state of the structure but also to generate

new knowledge through physical predictions that allow for better-informed decisionmaking. For an accurate representation of the bridge, the underlying models must be

tuned to reproduce the real system.

Nevertheless, the necessary assumptions and simplifications in these models

irremediably introduce discrepancies between measurements and model response. We

will show that quantifying the extent of the uncertainties introduced through the

models that lead to such discrepancies provides a better understanding of the real

system, enhances the model updating process, and creates more robust and

trustworthy digital twins.

The inclusion of an explicit bias term will be applied to a representative

demonstrator case based on the thermal response of the Nibelungenbrücke of Worms.

The findings from this work are englobed in the initiative SPP 100+, whose main aim

is the extension of the service life of structures, especially through the implementation

of digital twins.
Detectability of Structural Damage to a Lattice Tower using Eigenfrequencies and Gaussian Process Regression
Authors:   Leibniz University Hannover, Kahrger Britt ,   Leibniz University Hannover, Möller Sören ,   Leibniz University Hannover, Jonscher Clemens ,   Leibniz University Hannover, Grießmann Tanja ,   Leibniz University Hannover, Rolfes Raimund
Published: December 2024

One main challenge in structural health monitoring is distinguishing between the effects of actual system changes

and changing environmental conditions (EC) on the monitored parameters. For this, data normalisation can be

performed. Through the utilisation of Gaussian process (GP) regression, it is possible to map the influences of the

ECs on the monitored parameters and simultaneously obtain confidence intervals of the predictions. The

assumption of standard GPs is homoscedasticity, meaning a constant noise variance of the parameters. However,

there is still a lack of research regarding the correctness of this assumption for different types of structures and

damage sensitive features. Furthermore, the potential of normalisation techniques that enable the consideration of

EC-dependent uncertainties should be analysed.

In this real-world case study, damage detectability is investigated using GPs and eigenfrequencies. In

contrast to standard homoscedastic GPs, heteroscedastic GPs can account for input-dependent uncertainties. Both

methods are compared using real data from a lattice tower. Firstly, it is shown that the homoscedastic assumption

does not hold for the eigenfrequencies of the lattice tower. Consequently, the heteroscedastic GPs enable more

reliable damage detection than homoscedastic GPs when using a probabilistic novelty metric. Also, in the

heteroscedastic case, the additional information on the uncertainty of the prediction increases the interpretability

of the results.
Defence Mechanism against Advanced Persistent Threat Attack Using Significant Features based Deep Learning Model
Authors: U. Sakthivelu , C.N.S. Vinoth Kumar
Published: December 2024

The advanced persistent threat (APT) attack is the most frequent and seriously damaging one that can be launched against the target system. This type of malicious activity is deliberate and focused, with specific objectives in mind. The rise of this attack technique poses a significant challenge to the information security systems of various businesses, governments, and organizations. The techniques of utilizing deep learning (DL) or machine learning (ML) methods to evaluate abnormal behaviours and network traffic signs for preventing and detecting APT attacks are becoming popular in recent times. Though, the APT attack detection technique utilizes behaviour evaluation and analysis methods for confronting various problems owing to the absence of distinctive data of attack drives. So, the experimental outcomes display better recognition, it does not bring higher effectiveness in practice. Therefore, this study develops a novel Defence against Advanced Persistent Threat Attack Detection Feature Selection with Deep Learning (DAPTAD-FSDL) Method. The key objective of the DAPTAD-FSDL approach lies in the robust defence against the detection of APT attacks. In the presented DAPTAD-FSDL model, Z-score normalization is performed to change the raw data into a compatible format. Then, the presented DAPTAD-FSDL technique accomplishes the feature selection process using the grey wolf optimizer (GWO) algorithm. Besides, the attention with CNN-BiLSTM model is employed for the defence against the detection of APT attacks. Finally, a multi-objective improved golden jackal optimization algorithm (MIGJOA) is exploited for the optimal hyperparameter adjustment of the A-CNN-BiLSTM model. The experimental analysis of the DAPTAD-FSDL algorithm is tested employing the APT NSL-KDD dataset. The simulation outcomes described the supremacy of the DAPTAD-FSDL technique under different measures.
The Effect of Traditional Congklak Game Method on Students' Learning Outcomes in Learning Mathematics in Elementary Schools
Authors: Fatimatuszahro Fatimatuszahro , Heni Hanifah  , Lily Hermawanti  , Sri Wahyuni  , Rasilah Rasilah
Published: December 2024

Every level of education includes mathematics as one of its disciplines. However, due to ineffective teaching, children find mathematics less interesting in elementary school. Therefore, teachers must be able to choose the best teaching strategy for their students. By utilizing the classic congklak game, researchers hope to deliver learning media that teachers can use using a literature review study approach from various sources and related media. The analysis findings show that, in addition to helping children learn to count and recognize numbers, the classic congklak game also helps children develop moral principles and good behavior, such as the ability to act honorably, wisely, and obediently. The traditional congklak game can increase students' interest in learning. The traditional Congklak game is also considered one of the most effective ways of improving students' mathematical abilities. So, this game can be used as a reference for teaching mathematics methods. Thus, the traditional congklak game changes mathematics into something exciting and fun to learn.
Mathematical Model of Alcoholism Incorporating Treatment: A Case Study in Kenya
Authors: Chege Samuel , Okongo Mark O. , Ochwach Jimrise O.
Published: December 2024

Alcoholism is characterized by persistent and uncontrollable consumption of alcoholic beverages, which poses significant risks to physical, psychological, and emotional health, including conditions such as liver cirrhosis, epilepsy, cancer, hypertension, and diabetes. Furthermore, it contributes to substantial social and economic challenges, including road accidents, domestic abuse, unemployment, and elevated crime rates. In Kenya, 12.2% of the population engages in alcohol abuse, where 10.4% are afflicted by alcohol-use disorders, thereby constituting a pressing public health concern. This study introduces a deterministic mathematical model describing alcoholism, which integrates treatment and counselling components and is articulated through the Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) framework. The model evaluates the ramifications of treatment for alcoholism, with stability analysis executed through the Jacobian matrix methodology and sensitivity analysis employing normalized forward sensitivity techniques. The reproduction number R0 was ascertained utilizing the next-generation matrix approach, wherein R0 > 0 indicates ongoing alcohol misuse within the susceptible population. Global stability analysis conducted through the Quadratic- Lyapunov method indicates that the Alcohol-Free Equilibrium (AFE) and Alcoholic Equilibrium (AE) are globally asymptotically unstable. Numerical simulations were done to forecast the impact of critical parameters, with these simulations underscoring the necessity of enhancing recruitment into the treatment compartment and minimizing relapse rates to render alcoholism manageable. Effective intervention strategies encompass public awareness initiatives, reduction of stigma, provision of incentives for treatment engagement, enhancement of treatment services, and the utilization of technological advancements for ongoing support. This research bears significant implications for the legislators and the Ministry of Health in formulating policies that establish a robust foundation for future endeavours aimed at controlling alcohol addiction.
Algorytm oceny użyteczności lokalizacji stacji ładowania pojazdów elektrycznych
Authors: Igliński Hubert , Misiek Zuzanna , Olszewska Julia
Published: December 2024

Transport, w szczególności transport drogowy, jest obok energetyki i przemysłu jednym z największych emitentów gazów cieplarnianych i zanieczyszczeń negatywnie wpływających na klimat, zdrowie ludzi i środowisko naturalne. Mimo szeregu kontrowersji wydaje się jednak, że kluczowym środkiem do ograniczenia kosztów zewnętrznych transportu jest jego elektryfikacja. Pojazdy elektryczne ze względu na ograniczony zasięg i długi czas potrzebny na ładowanie wymagają rozbudowanej sieci punktów ładowania. Niska dostępność do tej sieci hamuje rozwój elektromobilności.  Polska ma szczególnie dużo do zrobienia w tej kwestii. Dlatego też celem niniejszego artykułu jest opracowanie autorskiego algorytmu oceny lokalizacji stacji ładowania maksymalizującej ich użyteczność dla osób eksploatujących samochody elektryczne. Opierając się na uprzednich  badaniach ankietowych wśród obecnych i potencjalnych użytkowników oraz studiach literatury przedmiotu stworzono narzędzie do oceny potencjalnych i istniejących lokalizacji stacji ładowania. Jego główną zaletą jest jego kompleksowość i równocześni łatwość w użyciu. Dlatego powinien powszechnie służyć samorządom lokalnym do oceny planowanych na ich obszarze stacji ładowania.
Zależność pomiędzy inflacją i oprocentowaniem depozytów bankowych a preferencje lokowania oszczędności przez Polaków w latach 2020-2022.
Authors: Witkowska Joanna , Siemierz Alicja , Pudiak Oles
Published: December 2024

Inflacja, czyli wzrost ogólnego poziomu cen towarów i usług, jest kluczowym wskaźnikiem ekonomicznym, który bezpośrednio wpływa na życie codzienne obywateli. Skutkiem tego procesu jest spadek siły nabywczej pieniądza krajowego. Tym samym oszczędzający mają coraz mniej pieniędzy, a lokowanie za pomocą kont oszczędnościowych staje się niedochodowe, ponieważ zmiany zachodzące między wzrostami kosztu kredytu, a oprocentowaniem depozytów jest nieproporcjonalne. Celem artykułu jest próba wyjaśnienia związku między stopą inflacji, a wartością oszczędności oraz preferencjami wyboru form oszczędzania Polaków w okresie 2020-2022.
Avaliação da adição de materiais fresados em camadas granulares para bases de pavimentos asfálticos
Authors: Fração Santos Eduarda , Pivoto Specht Luciano , Baroni Magnos , Da Silva Vieira Jéssica
Published: December 2024

A reciclagem de pavimentos possibilita a reutilização de materiais fresados como insumos para novas estruturas. Essa prática contribui para o desenvolvimento sustentável, reduzindo a geração de resíduos e consumo de agregados pétreos. A reciclagem a frio, sem emprego de aditivos estabilizantes, como cimentos e emulsões asfáltica, com incorporação de fresados em camadas granulares é uma possibilidade atrativa econômica e ambientalmente. Assim, neste estudo foram avaliadas diferentes misturas granulares produzidas com adição de fresados e agregados pétreos de riodacito, empregando ensaios triaxiais com cargas repetidas e modelos de previsão abordados pelo Método de Dimensionamento Nacional (MeDiNa). Os resultados demonstraram um aumento significativo nos módulos de resiliência das misturas com a adição dos fresados, promovendo um alívio de tensões e retardando o trincamento por fadiga no revestimento. Nos testes de deformação permanente, os resultados variaram conforme o nível de tensão. Contudo, para as estruturas analisadas, as deformações não ultrapassaram 10 mm quando se empregou apenas fresado na camada de base. Logo, nas condições desta pesquisa, a adição dos fresados nas camadas granulares promoveram um melhor desempenho estimado para as estruturas, retardando o trincamento, sem apresentar afundamentos excessivos. Assim, conclui-se que essa prática é capaz de produzir benefícios técnicos, econômicos e ambientais a construção de pavimentos. Contudo, cada caso deve ser analisado considerando suas especificidades e materiais disponíveis.
LEARNING QIRA'AH AL-QUR'AN USING THE TILAWATI MOBILE APPLICATION IN THE DIGITAL ERA
Authors: Padriyanti  , Zakir Supratman , Akbar Muh. Ali , Hilmi Moh. , Yakin Lalu Nurul
Published: December 2024

The aim of this research is to describe learning Qira'ah Al-Qusr'an using the Tilawati Mobile application in the digital era. This application is designed to facilitate interactive learning of recitation of Al-Qur'an by using modern features such as voice recording, real-time evaluation, qori and mutual options, and visualization of recitation. The main aim of this application is to improve and assist the users’ Al-Qur'an reading skills with greater accuracy and fluency while increasing understanding of the rules of recitation and the context of the meaning contained in the Quran. This research employed library research as it is applicable with the aim of this research. The research procedures covered documents the implementation of technology in Islamic religious education, explores user responses to this digital innovation, and elaborates its impact on the understanding and development of qira'ah competencies. By integrating technology into religious learning, the Tilawati Mobile application acts as an effective tool in facilitating holistic learning of Al-Qur’an in the digital era.
Focus on Miniatures
Authors: Fraser Theresa
Published: December 2024

In this issue's Focus on Miniatures, Associate Editor, Theresa Fraser, explores TREASURE CHESTS.
Peningkatan Kompetensi dan Kesadaran Siswa melalui Inovasi Pelatihan Desain Grafis, Office, dan Training Motivasi Pada Program PLP SMKN 1 Ciruas
Authors: Fadel Fadel Montoya , Fitriani Fitriani , Farah Ratu Farah Humainah , Yogi Yogi Ramadani , Aziz Muhammad Aziz Nur Mubarok , Destri Destri Anggraeni , Gera Gera Nugraha , Ratnasari Ratnasari , Juniwan Juniwan , Habibi Muhammad Yusuf Habibi , Sulthan Sulthan Asyam Ahmadan munir
Published: December 2024

Pendidikan bertujuan mengembangkan kompetensi dan kesadaran moral siswa, sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2003. Namun, di SMKN 1 Ciruas, banyak siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam menggunakan perangkat lunak seperti Microsoft Office dan Canva, serta belum memiliki kesadaran yang cukup terhadap isu perundungan dan pelecehan seksual. Untuk menjawab tantangan ini, penelitian ini melaksanakan pelatihan desain grafis, Microsoft Office, dan training motivasi guna meningkatkan kompetensi dan kesadaran siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi lapangan dan pustaka. Program pelatihan melibatkan siswa OSIS dan MPK, berlangsung selama dua bulan dengan dua pertemuan mingguan. Pelatihan Microsoft Office mencakup pengenalan fitur dasar hingga pembuatan dokumen dan pembukuan sederhana. Pelatihan desain grafis menggunakan Canva dan CapCut untuk mendukung kreativitas siswa. Training motivasi memberikan pemahaman mengenai dampak perundungan dan pelecehan seksual. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam keterampilan teknologi dan kesadaran moral siswa. Program ini tidak hanya meningkatkan kompetensi teknis, tetapi juga membangun karakter yang lebih baik. Disarankan agar program ini dijadikan kegiatan rutin untuk mendukung pembelajaran di luar kelas dan mempersiapkan siswa menghadapi tuntutan era digital.
Investigating Algebraic Simple Groups With Conjugacy Classes And Products
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, NIILM University, Kaithal (Haryana), Anju Anju , Jakhar Manjeet Singh ,   Department of Mathematics, NIILM University, Kaithal (Haryana)
Published: December 2024

Algebraic simple groups, being non-abelian and lacking proper normal subgroups, represent a profound and captivating domain within group theory and algebraic geometry. In the pursuit of understanding these enigmatic entities, the study of conjugacy classes and products emerges as a key to unlocking their underlying symmetries and structures. Group members can be partitioned into different sets with the use of conjugacy classes, which group together equivalent elements under inner automorphisms to show similar algebraic features. The analysis of conjugacy classes provides deep insights into the dynamics and character of algebraic simple groups. On the other hand, group products explore the interactions between distinct elements, generating new elements within the group and unraveling its internal symmetries.
A cidadania, a sustentabilidade ambiental e direito difuso: uma reflexão a partir da difusão de resíduos no Brasil
Authors: Codelo Nascimento Fernando , Molinari Celso , Núbile Nascimento Luiz Fernando
Published: December 2024

Pensar o meio ambiente hoje é pensar no direito e no dever de todos. Quando se alinha o pensamento desta forma, está se tratando do direito difuso, pois o meio ambiente pertence a todos que aqui moram, em qualquer lugar do planeta, e exercer a cidadania significa ter respeito e dever com o meio em que se vive. Este artigo tem por objetivo propor uma reflexão a respeito da cidadania, do meio ambiente e de como o direito difuso pode contribuir como delineador na construção da sustentabilidade. A metodologia utilizada para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa foi o estudo baseado em referenciais teóricos. Dentre os resultados desta pesquisa, citam-se que: no caso brasileiro, há um legado de requisitos legais, e normas em vigor para garantir o direito difuso sobre o meio ambiente; o trabalho de educação ambiental é um dos instrumentos de construção da cidadania em prol da sustentabilidade desenvolvido por vários entes da sociedade; a cidadania é conjunto de direitos e deveres; o respeito ao direito difuso contribui para a sustentabilidade; há um aumento da conscientização da população devido à forma como as escolas, igrejas e as famílias estão tratando o assunto ambiental; e a construção da sustentabilidade é um ato de cidadania. Diante dos resultados apresentados, conclui-se que, hoje, percebe-se que há melhoria na conscientização e nas atitudes das pessoas em relação ao meio ambiente em concomitante à construção da sustentabilidade permeada pelo atendimento ao direito difuso.
A gestão na tomada de decisão na cadeia de suprimentos: um levantamento bibliográfico
Authors: Martins Coelho Trevisanuto Tatiene , Gomes da Silva Dayane Caroline , Iglesias Sartorello Isabela
Published: December 2024

A cadeia de suprimentos consiste na união de processos para a obtenção do produto final, desde aquisição da matéria prima até o transporte ao consumidor final, por este motivo é de extrema importância decisões assertivas baseadas em planejamento estratégico. Este artigo teve como objetivo demonstrar a importância da gestão na tomada de decisões, apresentando os benefícios proporcionados para a empresa. Estas decisões, devem levar em consideração o atendimento ao prazo de entrega, transporte dos materiais, a viabilidade de lucros, e a qualidade da matéria prima para o atendimento do projeto e demanda. Para o desenvolvimento desta dissertação, as autoras observaram no local de trabalho aspectos importantes e necessários para a eficácia no gerenciamento da cadeia de suprimentos. A partir desta observação, foi realizada a pesquisa qualitativa e revisão bibliográfica, através de livros disponíveis no acervo bibliográfico da instituição de ensino privada, acervo da professora orientadora e também, a leitura de artigos publicados em site acadêmico, para assim gerar o embasamento teórico. Foi abordado o departamento de compras e logística que são funções administrativas relevantes para o bom gerenciamento da cadeia de suprimentos. Os pontos fundamentais que devem ser analisados para uma gestão assertiva foram demonstrados neste trabalho, e é de suma importância que todos os profissionais os usufruam para obter maior assertividade na decisão final, eliminando possíveis falhas que podem gerar prejuízos ao longo do processo.
Aplicação da gestão de resíduos em uma metalúrgica de fabricação de móveis
Authors: Amantini Neto Silvestre , Guimarães Cledson Lucas , Gandolfo Rodrigues Marco Antônio
Published: December 2024

O artigo apresenta como os resíduos sólidos ainda são manuseados e descartados de forma inadequada e fora da legislação vigente, podendo repercutir na degradação ao meio ambiente, poluição e doenças. O mapeamento da fonte geradora, os tipos de resíduos e a quantidade gerada é essencial para uma correta gestão e descarte final, contudo, um plano de gestão de resíduos sólidos que inclui uma coleta adequada, transporte, tratamento e destinação final ambientalmente correta pode gerar receita extra para a empresa com a comercialização destes. Os objetos estudados neste trabalho, foram duas empresas do setor moveleiro e metalúrgica da cidade de Pirajuí S.P. Tais empresas trabalham com móveis planejados e o processo de fabricação ocorre por meio da gestão de projetos, que acabam gerando resíduos de plástico, madeira e metal e como esse material pode ser efetivamente acomodado e encaminhado para reciclagem ou reaproveitamento. Gerando receita extra para as empresas e auxiliando com matéria prima para artesãos do município.
A Resolução de conflitos no ambiente empresarial e a mediação como ferramenta
Authors: Monteiro Marli
Published: December 2024

O presente estudo objetiva investigar os conflitos empresariais, explorando o instituto da mediação como ferramenta adequada para solução mais célere quando surgem controvérsias na área empresarial e menor desgaste para os envolvidos. Utilizou-se os métodos exploratório e descritivo, fundamentados em uma abordagem qualitativa, apoiada em pesquisas bibliográficas. Nota-se que características essenciais à mediação são benéficas para a resolução dos conflitos corporativos, sendo algumas delas: a confidencialidade; a celeridade; o estímulo ao diálogo e ao consenso; e o caráter educativo do processo de mediação. Como resultado principal observou-se a existência de uma compatibilidade entre a utilização da mediação e a solução adequada de conflitos desenvolvidos no âmbito empresarial, notadamente pelo desestímulo à cultura do litígio, a conscientização sobre o acesso à justiça e o incentivo ao uso de métodos alternativos para resolução de conflitos, visando a preservação da empresa e da sua função social.
Análise da ocorrência de anatocismo no Sistema de Amortização Francês
Authors: Martins Coelho Trevisanuto Tatiene , Gonçalves Luís Carlos , Monteiro Marli
Published: December 2024

Os empréstimos e financiamentos são fundamentais para o desenvolvimento econômico, uma vez que proporcionam os recursos financeiros necessários tanto para pessoas físicas quanto para empresas. O presente estudo é uma breve abordagem sobre a ocorrência do anatocismo no sistema francês. Anatocismo consiste na cobrança de juros sobre juros na amortização de dívidas. Apresenta-se uma comparação entre os valores obtidos com o resultado apurado pelo valor presente das prestações calculadas pelo Sistema de Amortização Francês ou PRICE, calculando-o sob o regime de capitalização composta e sob o regime de capitalização simples. O objetivo é identificar, utilizando o método do valor presente a juros compostos e a juros simples, se há a existência de anatocismo. O conceito de valor presente é imprescindível para se comparar dois capitais.
O problema XOR usando Redes Neurais Artificiais em Python e com função de ativação tangente hiperbólica
Authors: Timóteo Lino , Dametto Ronaldo
Published: December 2024

O problema AND e OR podem ser solucionados com uma rede neural de duas camadas (por serem linearmente separáveis), porém esse método falha para o problema XOR (por ser linearmente não separável) como apresentado em [1], (Iovine, 2012). Assim é necessário adicionar pelo menos uma camada (camada oculta) para resolver este problema. Um estudo sobre rede neurais também é apresentado em [2]. Problema de linearidade envolvendo porta lógica XOR com redes neurais é apresentado em [3]. “Neurons in the brain are complex machines with distinct functional compartments that interact nonlinearly.”(Kin, 2022,p.1).
O Processo das Cápsulas de Café Nespresso e o desdobramento para Logística Reversa
Authors: Gonçalves Fernandes de Castro Jacqueline Aparecida , Gandolfo Rodrigues Marco Antonio , Coelho Martins Trevisanuto Tatiene , Stephan Junior Luiz Alberto
Published: December 2024

O brasileiro é o segundo maior consumidor de café do mundo e que de acordo com a Associação Brasileira da Indústria de Café ABIC, o consumo tem aumentado, representando cerca de 10% do consumo mundial. Dessa forma as preocupações com os resíduos de plástico aumentaram muito, devido ao desperdício de plástico adicional, por isso justifica-se a escolha da capsula ser da Nespresso, pois é de alumínio por completo. Objetiva-se entender a cadeia de trabalho e o processo das capsulas de café, as soluções propostas pela NESPRESSO, e com o desdobramento entender a logística reversa deles. Para assim, detectar o quanto contribui a cápsula NESPRESSO ao meio ambiente, já que se tem maior quantidade de material descartado e a pouca importância dada à reciclagem frente às atividades ou políticas da empresa, além da necessidade da separação dos componentes ao processo de reciclagem. A pesquisa demonstra o dever de toda e qualquer empresa ter responsabilidades sobre todo o ciclo de vida de sua produção, ou seja, tem muito a ser efetuado sobre este assunto.
Cumhuriyet Dönemi Türk Romanında Tüketim Kültürüne ‘Nesne’ Odaklı Bir Yaklaşım
Authors: Alıcı Yunus
Published: December 2024

İnsanlık tarihine bakıldığında en başından bugüne, insanın, varoluşunu sürdürmek adına daima tüketme eylemi içinde olduğu görülür. Önceleri ihtiyaçları için ve ihtiyaçları doğrultusunda ‘fayda’ odağıyla tüketime yönelen insanoğlu, zaman içerisinde -bilhassa Sanayi Devrimi ertesinde- hipnotize olmuşçasına, doğrudan, tüketmenin kendisini bir ihtiyaç hâline getirir. Bu süreç kapitalizmi doğururken, bu süreçte insan, nesnelere fonksiyonları ve faydaları için değil, onlar üzerinden statü sağlama/yansıtma ve modayı kaçırmama gibi gayelerle yönelir hâle gelir. Söz konusu global süreç Osmanlı Devleti/Türkiye’de de 1900’lü yıllardan itibaren dünyaya paralel bir şekilde ve yıllar içerisinde etkisini arttırarak varlık gösterir. Sosyolojik gerçekliği daima bünyesinde barındıran edebiyat eserine ve daha özelde Türk romanına bakıldığında, özellikle Servet-i Fünûn döneminde -daha çok Halit Ziya’nın eserlerinde- ve sonraki dönemde tüketimin söz konusu olduğu romanlar varlık gösterir. Tüketimin toplumdaki işleyişine paralel olarak tüketim kültürünün örneklendiği romanlar, esas itibarıyla Cumhuriyet dönemi Türk edebiyatında sayıca artar. Sayıca artmanın yanı sıra konunun işlenişi de derinlikli ve çok boyutlu bir hâle gelir. Cumhuriyet dönemi Türk romanında tüketim kültürünün işlenişini ele alan bu çalışmada -tarih aralığını sınırlandırmak ve belirli bir dönemi incelemek adına- modernist olduğu konusunda ortak kabul gören yaklaşık kırk roman taranarak tüketim kültürünün izlerine rastlanan sekiz roman üzerinden bir örneklendirmeye varılmıştır.
STRATEGIC DIRECTIONS FOR ROMANIA’S DEVELOPMENT – HORIZON 2050: SUSTAINABLE FOOD SECURITY
Authors:   Institute of Agricultural Economics, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania, ALEXANDRI Cecilia , LUCA Lucian ,   Institute of Agricultural Economics, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania, TUDOR Monica Mihaela ,   Institute of Agricultural Economics, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania, GAVRILESCU Camelia ,   Institute of Agricultural Economics, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania, ROȘU Elisabeta ,   Institute of Agricultural Economics, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania, IONEL Iuliana ,   Institute of Agricultural Economics, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania, ALBOIU Cornelia ,   Institute of Agricultural Economics, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania, RUSALI Mirela ,   Institute of Agricultural Economics, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania, CHIȚEA Mihai ,   Institute of Agricultural Economics, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: December 2024

Starting from the natural, demographic and economic resources of our country and from the general trends of the European Green Deal and of the “Farm to Fork” Strategy, the vision of the IAE researchers regarding Romania’s sustainable food security towards 2050 is based on four general objectives aimed at: 1) Increasing the role of Romanian agriculture as food security supplier; 2) Improving population’s access to food and the quality of food; 3) Adapting agriculture to climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions; 4) Transforming the agri-food sector into an innovative sector. The strategic document presents the specific indicators and proposed targets to reach these rather ambitious objectives. To meet these targets, the policies, measures and necessary actions must take into consideration: changing the structure and diversifying the agricultural production so that the share of livestock production will increase to 40% by the year 2050; improving the valorisation of Romanian agricultural products through investment programmes in the agri-food processing industry; ensuring balance between large and small-sized farms through land policies aimed at: setting up or maintaining farmers, increasing the size of small farms, measures limiting the exaggerated increase in the areas of large farms and discouraging land speculation.
Constant of atoms and new equation of electromagnetic force
Authors:   National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, Astronomy Department, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt, SANAD M.R.
Published: December 2024

We present new equations for atoms (new atomic constant connecting atomic area, number of electrons and atomic mass and new equation of calculating electromagnetic force) with new concepts and results of atomic radii in good agreement with known determined calculations. All atoms consist of a certain number of electrons & nucleons and have certain masses with certain diameters contained in a certain area with certain velocities with a certain uniform distribution with a certain constant hold and bound by a certain fundamental force (electromagnetic force), so the main equations of all atoms are controlled by these physical parameters. The calculations confirmed that the mass, the area and number of electrons of any atom give a constant value. The new equation with a new atomic constant is used to calculate previously undetermined atomic radii (van der Waals radii). A new equation of electromagnetic force of atoms can be determined by three main physical parameters (mass, distance, velocity of light).
Intuitionistic Fuzzy SVM based on Kernel Gray Relational Analysis
Authors:   Shenyang Aerospace University, College of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China, 110136, JU Zhe , ZHANG Qingbao ,   Shenyang Aerospace University, College of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China, 110136
Published: December 2024

Fuzzy Support Vector Machine (FSVM) is a machine learning algorithm that combines fuzzy logic with Support Vector Machine (SVM) to deal with the uncertainty and fuzziness in classification and regression problems. This algorithm improves the performance of traditional SVM by introducing fuzzy membership degrees, making it more robust when handling datasets with noise or uncertainty. Although the existing FSVM algorithms can overcome the influence of noise to a certain extent, they cannot effectively distinguish outliers or abnormal values from boundary support vectors. To solve this problem, this study proposes an Intuitionistic Fuzzy Support Vector Machine algorithm (KGRA-IFSVM) based on Kernel Grey Relational Analysis (KGRA). This approach utilizes gray relational analysis in the kernel space to calculate the gray relational degree between each sample and its K isomorphic neighboring points, and takes the average value as the membership degree of the sample. Then, the same approach is used to compute the gray relational degree between each sample and its K heterogeneous neighboring points, and the average value is taken as the non-membership degree of the sample. Finally, each sample is assigned with an appropriate fuzzy value based on intuitionistic fuzzy sets using a specific scoring function. Test results on UCI datasets show that KGRA-IFSVM has better classification performance and stronger noise resistance.
Natural tracers (silica, barium, rubidium and uranium) provide insights into the karst hydrology of Grijii Valley (Vâlcan Mountains, Romania)
Authors:   “Sabba S. Ştefănescu” Institute of Geodynamics, J.L. Calderon No 19-21, 020032 Bucharest, MITROFAN HORIA , MARIN CONSTANTIN ,   “Emile Racovitza” Institute of Speleology, CRUCERU NICOLAE ,   “Emile Racovitza” Institute of Speleology, CONSTANTINESCU GABRIEL ,   Independent caver, Bucharest, Romania, NAIDIN CORNEL ,   Silex Brașov Caving Club, Ştefan Baciu No 39, 500170 Brașov, TUDORACHE ALIN ,   “Emile Racovitza” Institute of Speleology, NICULAE LUCICA ,   “Sabba S. Ştefănescu” Institute of Geodynamics, J.L. Calderon No 19-21, 020032 Bucharest, VLAICU MARIUS ,   “Emile Racovitza” Institute of Speleology
Published: December 2024

When underground flows in a karst region are derived not only from autogenic, but also from allogenic recharge, natural chemical tracers can be used for distinguishing between these two contributing inputs. And since allogenic recharge prevalently originates in weathering of silicate rocks, the most appropriate natural tracers are those which are more abundant in such formations than in carbonate ones. Moreover, the tracers must not interact with the limestone or dolomite rocks hosting the underground flow-paths. The karst setting addressed by the present study includes a sinking stream, a cave intercepting the sunken streamflow, and three karst springs, two perennial, and one temporary. The objective of the present study was to assess, for the concerned setting, the capability of four natural tracers, SiO2, Ba, Rb and U, of tracking the specific contributions of allogenic and autogenic inputs along underground karst flow-paths. Those chemical constituents were noticed to comply with the specified requirements for natural tracers, as their maximum concentrations were recorded in the swallet flow, and gradually declined toward the cave stream, then further to the temporary spring. The latter was thus proven to act as an overflow of a currently inaccessible underground course, which is supplied by the cave stream, but whose final outlet is not yet identified. Alternatively, the perennial springs resulted to be proxies of two chemically distinct autogenic inputs: one supplementing the groundwater flow between the swallet and the cave stream, and the other contributing to the flow between the cave stream and the temporary karst spring. It is worth mentioning that so far, the four indicated natural chemical tracers have been only sporadically utilized in karst aquifers with allogenic recharge.
Updating national regulatory milestones inherent in the welfare state
Authors: Guceac Ion
Published: December 2024

The article describes some important aspects of the scientific and normative benchmarks of the welfare state. The opportunity of approaching this topic is determined not only by the absence of the concept of the social state as a legal category in the legal literature of the Republic of Moldova, but also by the need for normative enshrinement of favorable conditions for the full development of citizens’ personality, rights, and equal opportunities. In this context, it is noted that the imperative of the social state consists of goals and objectives that ensure, in fact, the welfare of people, peace and social equity, as well as guarantee the protection of human rights and freedoms and citizens. The social state can only be considered to be a state which ensures a robust social policy geared to securing the rights, freedoms, and interests of individuals. In recognition of the fact that in the Republic of Moldova, the formation of the social state is at an initial stage, it is proposed to develop a Concept of the Social State.
Securing the Ukrainian children’s refugees´ right to education: main barriers and challenges
Authors: Rosca Mariana
Published: December 2024

The full-scale invasion of Ukraine forced many children to flee their country and look for a safe harbour abroad. Once a safe shelter was found, the Ukrainian families looked for ways to secure their children’s right to education. Although many efforts have been made to facilitate their access to this right, many barriers and challenges persist. On one side, the host countries’ barriers, along with the Ukrainian family’s decision to enrol in Ukrainian online learning platforms, jeopardise the children´s right to education and the quality of educational provision. Due to this, we argue that online education needs specific premises to be effective, and that is difficult to achieve in the conditions of Ukrainian refugee children and families, therefore, it should be combined with onsite education because the children’s inclusion in educational systems offers more benefits, protection and gives them the knowledge and skills to live a productive, fulfilling and independent life in the future. We propose a holistic approach that combines both online and onsite schooling, along with targeted support and interventions, that can be most effective in meeting the diverse needs of refugee children and ensuring their access to quality education.
Legislative novelties in the field of social protection of children and families with children
Authors: Chisari-Lungu Oxana
Published: December 2024

A democratic and prosperous society can exist thanks to the promotion of effective social protection mechanisms for children and families with children. In the Republic of Moldova, this protection is ensured through the social insurance and social assistance systems. They include both cash benefits and social services intended for children and families with children. A good functioning of these mechanisms depends on the social policy promoted by the state at a certain stage of development.
Social equity – primary objective of the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Guceac Ion , Cuciurca Doina
Published: December 2024

This study describes several issues related to the role of parliaments in improving governance, particularly in public service delivery and poverty reduction. Drawing on functions of representation, lawmaking and control, parliaments are uniquely positioned to understand and control the impact of poverty and to serve as a bridge between government, the private sector and civil society. The role of Parliament in planning strategies to combat poverty, promoting active social participation in economic development, is highlighted. Parliamentarians can contribute to national efforts to reduce poverty by studying and highlighting the results of the fight against poverty, participating in the creation of a new initiative to eradicate it, and providing oversight during the implementation of government programs. As circumstances that attribute to parliaments the key role in combating poverty are mentioned: the representation of the electorate and its interests; adoption of current legislation to support development; parliamentary control over the activity of the executive - its effectiveness and responsiveness to the needs of members of society, especially the poor.
Theory of human rights injured by public authorities
Authors: Costachi Gheorghe , Cernean Iurie
Published: December 2024

This article is devoted to the issue of the rights of persons injured by public authorities. The aim pursued by the authors lies in the analysis of the constitutional and legal regulation of the right of the person injured by a public authority in order to specify the content of this right and the way of exercising it as a way of developing the theory of the rights of the person injured by public authorities.
The digital revolution and the protection of human rights: facing cyber attacks
Authors: Dragomir Andreea-Nicoleta , Morari Ana , Magdan Stefana-Magdalena
Published: December 2024

In recent decades, the development of information technologies has been a significant force in the evolution of our society. Amongst other advantages and conveniences, the dynamics of digital innovations have influenced the way we interact socially and access information systems globally. However, we need to be aware of the challenges associated with digitisation, such as data security, unequal access to technology and threats to privacy. To remedy this problem, law and legal science needs new theoretical and practical solutions to formulate principles and models of digital development that would restore the effectiveness of law enforcement in the context of frequent cyber attacks. The effective development and implementation of cyber security policy is a prerequisite for the development of a knowledge-based society. In this context, the provision of training and guidance in this area is a key element in raising staff awareness of potential threats and preventive measures. Establishing well-defined access policies, limiting privileges and using specialised monitoring software facilitates early detection of suspicious activities or intrusion attempts. This article aims to analyse the implications of cyber attacks on fundamental human rights. In doing so, we aim to examine the cost-effectiveness of existing legal instruments and the response of the international community to strengthening a system of human rights protection in the context of the digital revolution.
Analysis of the ECtHR decision on violation of Art. 3 by the Republic of Moldova through the application of torture, which caused the death of the detainee
Authors: Pozneacova Veronica
Published: December 2024

The application of torture represents a serious violation of human rights. The absolute prohibition of the application of torture, inhuman and degrading treatment is stipulated in universal and regional standards. The prohibition of the application of torture is regulated by art. 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights. However, after the ratification of the European Convention of Human Rights by the Republic of Moldova on 12 September 1997, the application of torture to the persons in state custody remains one of the most frequently found violations of art. 3. So, the application of ill-treatment remains a systemic problem within criminal justice. In the study we analyze the decision on the case Cantanagiu vs. Republic of Moldova application no. 13013/11 of 15 February 2011 decision 24 March 2020, in which the European Court of human rights found violation by the Republic of Moldova of art. 3 by applying torture to the applicant and his brother, which led to the death of his brother and the non-investigation of the application of ill-treatment by the authorities. The importance of this decision is manifested in the finding of violation of art. 2 and 3 of the Convention by the application of torture, which caused death to the detainee. In this study, we analyze the conclusions of the High Court, the negative obligations of the state, determined by the provisions of art. 2 and 3 of the Convention, examine the positive obligations of the authorities, which are manifested in the efficient and effective investigation of the reported violations, as well as the analysis of the importance of this decision in the realization of the rights of victims of torture in the Republic of Moldova.
The role of depositing the declaration of wealth and personal interests in the integrity control
Authors: Baciu Olga
Published: December 2024

The legislation stipulates the obligation of public agents to submit the declaration of wealth and personal interests (DWPI), within the term and in the manner provided by the special legislation at the time of employment, appointment or validation of the mandate, annually and at the end of the mandate, of employment or service relationships. In this article, we will analyze specific aspects related to the filing of the DWPI, including through the lens of the Methodology for the verification and control of wealth and personal interests and regarding compliance with the legal regime of conflicts of interest, incompatibilities, restrictions and limitations. We mention that the submission of the declaration of wealth and personal interests within the procedures for controlling the integrity of the subjects, which ensures the creation of the climate of political integrity and the evaluation of institutional integrity. Namely, by creating the climate of political integrity and institutional integrity within public entities, the cultivation of the climate of integrity in the public sector takes place according to the law of integrity.