bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DBT-Skills-Gruppe – ein Werkzeugkoffer (nicht nur) für Menschen mit Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung
Authors: Butzmann Marcus
Published: November 2022

In Stresssituationen handeln Menschen mit Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung oft überstürzt und impulsiv. Dieses sogenannte dysfunktionale Verhalten, in Form von Selbstverletzung, Rückzug oder Selbstabwertung, ist häufig das Resultat mangelnder Coping-Strategien. Im Interventionskoffer stellen wir das Skills-Training der dialektisch-behavioralen Therapie, kurz DBT, vor. Es hilft Betroffenen in Situationen aller Art, die richtige Fertigkeit parat zu haben, um adäquat reagieren zu können und dabei den eigenen Stresspegel zu kennen sowie diesen möglichst gering zu halten.
Reduzieren oder vermeiden pflegerische Maßnahmen selbstverletzendes Verhalten?
Authors: Omarzadeh Fereshtah , Schulz Antonella , Barth Irmgarda
Published: November 2022

Können pflegerische Maßnahmen selbstverletzendes Verhalten reduzieren beziehungsweise vermeiden? Antworten zu dieser komplexen Thematik liefert eine Studie, die im Rahmen der Fachweiterbildung für Psychiatrische Pflege an der Universitätsmedizin Mainz entstanden ist.
Sideritis scardica Griseb.: Griechischer Bergtee oder Griechisches
Eisenkraut
Authors: Israel Sabine
Published: November 2022

Wir leben in unruhigen Zeiten. Der Krieg in der Ukraine besorgt viele und hat
nicht selten schlaflose Nächte, depressive Stimmungslagen und
Ängste zur Folge. Corona erhitzt die Gemüter und spaltet
Menschen unterschiedlicher Meinung. Ältere Menschen, ein stetig
wachsender Anteil unserer Bevölkerung, leiden zunehmend unter
Einsamkeit, die den Alterungsprozess bzw. die Entwicklung demenzieller Symptome
verstärken kann. Der Griechische Bergtee, lat. Sideritis scardica
Griseb., ist eine Pflanze, die durch ihre positiven Einflüsse auf den
Alterungsprozess, auf Demenzerkrankungen, Angststörungen und
Depressionen zunehmend in den Fokus moderner Forschung gelangt 1
2.
Review of quantitative sensitivity of faba bean physiology to temperature and soil-water deficit
Authors: Sinclair Thomas R. , Marrou Helene , Ghanem Michel Edmond , Kharrat Mohamed , Amri Moez
Published: November 2022

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is an important component of cropping systems in cool, arid environments. However, no review has specifically focused on the quantitative sensitivity of physiological processes in faba bean to low temperature and water deficits. The objective of this review was to examine published functional relationships between physiological activity and these environmental variables. Among faba bean genotypes, temperature generally resulted in a consistent linear response in plant ontogeny and leaf area development. By contrast, nitrogen fixation exhibited a sharp threshold response to temperature such that at temperatures below ~13.5–15°C faba bean had virtually no nitrogen fixation activity. This inability to fix nitrogen under cool temperatures is likely to be a major weakness for faba bean in cool-season production systems. Water deficit also had a large impact on the physiology of faba bean. Ontogeny was generally shortened when plants were subjected to drought, resulting in major yield decreases. Genotypic differences within faba bean have been identified for initiation of partial stomata closure at high soil-water content, resulting in possible soil-water conservation in the field. Also, differences among genotypes have been identified in the sensitivity of nitrogen fixation activity to water deficits. Finally, collectively the reviewed functional relationships have been applied to simulation analysis of the geospatial impact of irrigation regimes and of sowing date for faba bean production. These geospatial studies offered insights on options to improve faba bean management.
Climate change and allergy-related impacts on humans
Authors: Oh Jae-Won
Published: November 2022

Climate change represents a massive threat to global health that could affect many disease factors in the twenty-first century. The influence of a changing climate on allergic disease has generated interest among the public and the scientific community. Climate change is a continuing process that affects allergy, and there are multiple potential consequences of climatic change on plant phenology. Impacts on pollen may be one of the most important consequences of climate change on human health. A growing number of people are contracting allergic diseases caused by pollen. Airborne pollen is one of the common causatives and triggering agents of respiratory allergy in a changing climate. Moreover, allergenic plants grow in soil disturbed by human activities and deforestation with air pollution, and it is impossible to avoid plants that cause allergies because pollen can travel many kilometers on the wind. Weather conditions may alter pollen concentrations. A number of studies have shown that increased CO
2
concentration and atmospheric temperature increase pollen concentration. Hence, most works on the impact of climate change on aeroallergens include its impact on the amount and allergenicity of pollen. It is as yet unknown what complex interactions between pollens, meteorological variables and air pollutants occur as a result of climate change. Considering the effect of climate change on long-term trends in pollen levels and emerging viral infections, it is crucial to report and forecast the associated risk for future human health.
“The red panda is a raccoon”: Consuming fantasy and imagination in wildlife tourism
Authors: Guo Yulei
Published: November 2022

Based on a case study of red panda-tourist interactions at Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, this case analyzes the consumption of fantasy and imagination in wildlife tourism. The red panda, a rare and attractive animal native to southwestern China, is relatively unfamiliar to Chinese tourists, who frequently mistake it for a raccoon, a North American native. This fanciful and imaginative consumption of the red panda is assessed through its relevance to the construction of tourist identities and societal relations. The case has empirical implications for educators as well as managers in the field of conservation.

Information

The case is an original study

© The Author 2022
Binding structure, breaking forces and conductance of Au-Octanedithiol-Au molecular junction under stretching processes: a DFT-NEGF study
Authors: Guan Si-Yuan , Cai Zhuan-Yun , Ma Zi-Wei , Wu De-Yin , Tian Zhong-Qun
Published: November 2022

Au-n-octanedithiol-Au molecular junction (Au-SC8S-Au) has been investigated using density functional theory combined with the nonequilibrium Green’s function approach. Theoretically calculated results are used to build the relationship between the interface binding structures and single-molecule quantum conductance of n-octanedithiol (SC8S) embodied in a gold nanogap with or without stretching forces. To understand the electron transport mechanism in the single molecular nanojunction, we designed three types of Au-SC8S-Au nanogaps, including flat electrode through an Au atom connecting (Model I), top-pyramidal or flat electrodes with the molecule adsorbing directly (Model II), and top-pyramidal Au electrodes with Au atomic chains (Model III). We first determined the optimized structures of different Au-SC8S-Au nanogaps, and then predicted the distance-dependent stretching force and conductance in each case. Our calculated results show that in the Model I with an Au atom bridging the flat Au (111) gold electrodes and the SC8S molecule, the conductance decreases exponentially before the fracture of Au–Au bond, in a good agreement with the experimental conductance in the literature. For the top-pyramidal electrode Models II and III, the magnitudes of molecular conductance are larger than that in Model I. Our theoretical calculations also show that the Au–Au bond fracture takes place in Models I and III, while the Au–S bond fracture appears in Model II. This is explained due to the total strength of three synergetic Au–Au bonds stronger than an Au–S bond in Model II. This is supported from the broken force about 2 nN for the Au–Au bond and 3 nN for the Au–S bond.
Demonstration of better superconducting performance in a solder with low lead content
Authors: Aksoy Canan , Çakır Bakiye , Koparan Ezgi Taylan , Şimşek Cemaleddin , Tıraşoğlu Engin , Speller Susannah , Grovenor Chris R M , Küçükömeroğlu Tevfik , Yanmaz Ekrem
Published: November 2022

Lead-free SnIn solders are promising for superconducting magnet applications. However, their superconducting properties are not as good as lead solders. In order to improve the superconducting performance of the Sn–In solders, researchers have investigated the superconducting properties of ternary systems such as Sn–In–Bi for solder joints. In this study, powders of Pb, Nb, AgCu and grapheme nano pellets in the ratios of 0.5–5 wt% have been added into SnIn (35:65) to investigate their microstructural, thermal and superconducting properties. The added materials enhance the superconducting properties. We find that even low Pb additions show a dramatic improvement in superconducting properties, with an increase in both T
c and J
c values of up to 6.35 K and 1.47 × 104 A m−2, respectively. This shows that much lower Pb content superconducting solders can be effective and could be used to replace the PbBi solder commonly used with the superconducting properties T
c
=8.4 K, H
C2 = 1.77 T, H
C = 0.0909 T.
Review on Thermoelectric Generators (TEG) and their applications: Progress, Challenges, and future prospects
Authors: Radouane Nassima
Published: November 2022

Our community is currently dealing with issues such as rising electricity costs, pollution, and global warming. Scientists are working to improve energy harvesting-based power generators in order to reduce their impacts. The Seebeck effect has been used to illustrate the capacity of thermoelectric generators (TEGs) to directly convert thermal energy to electrical energy. They are also ecologically beneficial since they do not include chemical products, function quietly because they lack mechanical structures and/or moving components, and may be built using different fabrication technologies such as 3D printing, silicon technology, and screen printing etc. TEGs are also position-independent, have a long operational lifetime, and can be integrated into bulk and flexible devices. This review gives further in investigation of TEGs, beginning with a full discussion of their operating principle, kinds, materials utilized, figure of merit, and improvement approaches, which include various thermoelectric material arrangements and utilised technologies. This paper also discusses the use of TEGs in a variety of disciplines such as automobile and biomedical.
Measurement of T wave in magnetocardiography using tunnel magnetoresistance sensor
Authors: Lu Zhihong , Ji Shuai , Yang Jianzhong
Published: November 2022

Several critical clinical applications of magnetocardiography (MCG) involve its T wave. The T wave’s accuracy directly affects the diagnostic accuracy of MCG for ischemic heart disease and arrhythmogenic. Tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) attracts attention as a new MCG measurement technique. However, the T waves measured by TMR are often drowned in noise. The accuracy of T waves needs to be discussed to determine the clinical value of MCG measured by TMR. This study uses an improved empirical mode decomposition (EMD) algorithm and averaging to eliminate the noise in the MCG measured by TMR. The MCG signals measured by TMR are compared with MCG measured by the optically pumped magnetometer (OPM) to judge its accuracy. Using the MCG measured by OPM as a reference, the relative errors in time and amplitude of the T wave measured by TMR are 3.4% and 1.8%, respectively. This is the first demonstration that TMR can accurately measure the time and amplitude of MCG T waves. The ability to provide reliable T wave data illustrates the significant clinical application value of TMR in MCG measurement.
Resistance law of a rod penetrating a multilayer granular raft
Authors: Li Zonglin , Tian Qiang , Hu Haiyan
Published: November 2022

This paper presents an experimental study on the resistance law of a rod vertically penetrating different kinds of multilayer granular rafts with a constant velocity so as to reveal the mechanical properties of the multilayer granular rafts. The resistance was quasi-static under the chosen velocity. Experiments were conducted with different granular thicknesses, rod diameters and combinations of particles and liquids. The study shows that the resistance–displacement relation of the rod has three smooth stages. In the first stage, the resistance rapidly increased. In the second stage, the resistance curve maintained an almost constant slope. In the third stage, the resistance smoothly changed with its slope continuously increasing. Based on the corresponding physical models for each stage, the study reveals the exponential dependence of the load-bearing capacity of the multilayer granular raft on its thickness, and clarifies the capillary effects on the resistance law. The study extends the knowledge of the granular raft from monolayer to multilayer structure.
Large-scale CO (J = 1–0) Observations toward the M120.1+3.0 Molecular Cloud: A Filament with a Chain of Starburst Clusters
Authors: Sun Li , Chen Xuepeng , Feng Jiancheng , Fang Min , Zhang Shiyu , Guo Weihua , Sun Yan , Su Yang , Zhang Shaobo , Zhang Miaomiao , Wang Xiao-Long , Yan Qing-Zeng , Zhou Xin , Yang Ji
Published: November 2022

We present large-scale (2° × 2°) observations toward the molecular cloud M120.1+3.0, using 12CO, 13CO and C18O (J = 1 − 0) data from the Purple Mountain Observatory 13.7 m millimeter telescope. The distance of the cloud is measured to be ∼1.1 kpc. Using the 13CO data, we identify a main filament F1 and two sub-filaments F2 and F3 in the cloud, which together show a “hub-filament” structure. Filaments F1 and F2 are thermally supercritical. Furthermore, F1 displays clear localized systematic motions in the 13CO position–velocity diagram, which could be explained by accretion along the filament. The mean estimated accretion rate is ∼132 M
⊙ Myr−1. Approximately 150 13CO clumps are identified in the cloud, of which 39 are gravitationally bound. Most of these virialized clumps are well distributed along the supercritical filaments F1 and F2. Based on the complementary infrared and optical data, we identify ∼186 young stellar objects in the observed area and extract five clusters within the dense ridge of F1. The calculated star formation rate (SFR) surface densities (ΣSFR) in the clusters range from 1.4 to 2.5 M
⊙ Myr−1 pc−2, with a mean value of ∼2.0 M
⊙ Myr−1 pc−2. We therefore regard them as mini-starburst cluster candidates. The comparison between ΣSFR and column density N
gas along the skeleton of F1 suggests that star formation is closely related to the dense gas in the cloud. Along the main filament F1, five bipolar outflows are also found. All these results indicate intense star-forming activities in the M120.1+3.0 molecular cloud.
Targeted dorsal root entry zone stimulation alleviates pain due to meralgia paresthetica
Authors: Aureli Viviana , Vat Molywan , Hankov Nicolas , Théaudin Marie , Ravier Jimmy , Becce Fabio , Demesmaeker Robin , Asboth Leonie , Courtine Grégoire , Bloch Jocelyne
Published: November 2022

Objective. Meralgia paresthetica (MP) is a mononeuropathy of the exclusively sensory lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) that is difficult to treat with conservative treatments. Afferents from the LFCN enter the spinal cord through the dorsal root entry zones (DREZs) innervating L2 and L3 spinal segments. We previously showed that epidural electrical stimulation of the spinal cord can be configured to steer electrical currents laterally in order to target afferents within individual DREZs. Therefore, we hypothesized that this neuromodulation strategy is suitable to target the L2 and L3 DREZs that convey afferents from the painful territory, and thus alleviates MP related pain. Approach. A patient in her mid-30s presented with a four year history of dysesthesia and burning pain in the anterolateral aspect of the left thigh due to MP that was refractory to medical treatments. We combined neuroimaging and intraoperative neuromonitoring to guide the surgical placement of a paddle lead over the left DREZs innervating L2 and L3 spinal segments. Main results. Optimized electrode configurations targeting the left L2 and L3 DREZs mediated immediate and sustained alleviation of pain. The patient ceased all other medical management, reported improved quality of life, and resumed recreational physical activities. Significance. We introduced a new treatment option to alleviate pain due to MP, and demonstrated how neuromodulation strategies targeting specific DREZs is effective to reduce pain confined to specific regions of the body while avoiding disconfort.
Numerical analysis of the influence of wall roughness on the turbulent boundary layer separation
Authors: Kaminski P , Tyliszczak A
Published: November 2022

Passive control of turbulent boundary layer (TBL) separation in a channel with adverse pressure gradient (APG) condition towards the outlet is investigated using Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) methods and Large Eddy simulations (LES) with the help of commercial ANSYS software. Isothermal and incompressible flow in the near-wall area of the flat plate as well as various configurations of wavy wall is studied. It is shown that the amplitude and period of the waviness significantly influence the near wall region and point of separation.
Experimental study of laminar-to-turbulent transition in an adverse pressure gradient flow
Authors: Gumowski K , Kubacki S
Published: November 2022

Experimental results on laminar-to-turbulent transition in a separated laminar boundary layer formed over a flat plate in an adverse pressure gradient are provided. Experiments have been performed for a range of Reynolds numbers (1.4 − 2.4 · 105) and for two freestream turbulence levels (Tu =3.6 and 5.3%). The measurements of mean and fluctuating velocity profiles have been carried out at inlet to the test section using Constant Temperature Anemometry (CTA). The data might be useful for validation and development of transition models. In order to characterize the dynamics leading to the transition process in the separated boundary layer on the plate surface, the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements have been performed. The results show that the transition process in the separated boundary layer is influenced by breakdown of the Klebanoff streaks.
Experimental analysis of the impact of an acoustic excitation on a separated boundary layer behaviour
Authors: Sokolenko V , Elsner W , Dróżdż A , Gnatowska R , Rarata Z , Kubacki S
Published: November 2022

The paper examines the effect of acoustic excitation at broadband frequency range (100 - 650 Hz) on separated boundary layer developing on a flat plate subjected to an adverse pressure gradient. The experiment was conducted with a low inlet turbulence intensity level (Tu < 1%) in order to provide a cleaner environment that magnifies the effects of the excitation frequency. It was shown that acoustic excitation at sound pressure levels: SPL=125 and 135 dB, can lead to a more rapid increase in flow instability followed by an earlier laminar-turbulent (l-t) transition. The boundary layer reattachment point was shifted upstream and the size of the separation bubble was reduced in the flow with the acoustic excitation active.
Large Eddy Simulations of excited flames issuing from rectangular nozzles
Authors: Stempka Jakub , Tyliszczak Artur
Published: November 2022

In the current study we assess an impact of passive and active flow control methods applied to the flames emanating from rectangular nozzles. The passive control is realised by varying a jet aspect ratio using differently shaped nozzles, while the active control relies on applying a forcing to the axial component of velocity. The analysis is performed through a series of high fidelity Large Eddy Simulations (LES) using a high order in-house solver. Combustion process is modelled using the detailed chemistry model of a hydrogen oxidation with a corresponding set of species transport equations. It is shown that the passive flow control affects the jet flames significantly only up to a moderate forcing frequency. For a high frequency excitation the effect of the aspect ratio is weak. A combination of both control methods is found as very efficient in altering important practical flame features like a lift-off height and flame shape.
Analysis of the moist air transonic flow in the symmetric and asymmetric nozzle of the low expansion
Authors: Wiśniewski P , Dykas S , Majkut M , Smołka K
Published: November 2022

Condensation has a negative impact on turbomachinery efficiency in many energy processes. This paper compares the expansion of moist air in symmetric and asymmetric nozzles with a low expansion rate. The presented numerical study is supported by analytical and experimental research. The experimental tWesting was carried out using an in-house experimental test rig where two nozzles were examined for moist air with relative humidity of about 25%. The nozzles were tested for a supersonic outlet, as well as for the outlet condition with elevated pressure, which resulted in the occurrence of a normal shock in the test section. The asymmetric nozzle profile is congruent with the symmetric nozzle. However, the nozzle walls are shifted linearly in the flow direction. The Schlieren photography technique and static pressure measurements on the nozzle wall were used for qualitative identification of both condensation and shock waves. The presented numerical modelling was conducted using commercial computational fluid dynamics software extended with an in-house condensation model. The code was validated against in-house experiment as well as against the data available in the literature. The analysis of the flow in the considered two types of nozzles with a very low expansion rate revealed very interesting structures of pressure waves. The impact of the linear shift of the nozzle walls on the condensation process and the interaction of the condensation wave with aerodynamic oblique as well as normal shock waves were investigated.
Density Functional Theory Study of Na Intercalation and Migration in Layered SnS2 Battery Electrodes
Authors: Ratnaningsih S , Azhar A , Cahaya A B , Suprayoga E , Majidi M A
Published: November 2022

Tin disulphide (SnS2) as layered metal dichalcogenide is a promising material for Na ion storage at sodium battery electrodes. This structure allows controlling the interlayer spacing to accommodate more Na ions and increase the migration rate of Na ions in materials. This research used a Density Functional Theory (DFT) to study the effect of interlayer spacing on the binding energy of the Na ion intercalation process. In addition, this study observed the possible migration pathway for Na ions in SnS2 and the barrier energy of each path using the Nudged Elastic Band (NEB) method. The result shows that interlayer expansion can improve intercalation kinetics and decrease the barrier energy of Na ion migration which is the main constraint on sodium batteries’ performance. This study provides an overview of ion intercalation and migration for electrode application in layered materials.
Effect Of Strain on Optical Conductivity in Monolayer FeCl2
Authors: Prayitno T B , Budi E , Nuryasin B , Abdillah M A , Kartika M C
Published: November 2022

We implemented the density functional theory to study the effect of strain on the optical conductivity in 1T monolayer FeCl2 within the collinear structure. The computational calculation was run based on the Kubo-Greenwood formulation. We showed that the peak of optical conductivity would be shifted by applying strain. This indicates that the optical conductivity is sensitive to the strain. Moreover, we also found that the half-metallicity in the band dispersion disappeared as the lattice parameter was compressed so highly.
Measurement of the Quality of the Night Sky as A Feasibility Study for Astronomy Tourism Using A Sky Quality Meter at Jurang Senggani Campground, Tulungagung Regency, East Java
Authors: Nurhalizza A R , Sutrisno S , Subiyanto A P , Hapsoro C A
Published: November 2022

Measurement of the sky’s brightness at night is needed in observatories of celestial bodies. This research utilizes tourism in Tulungagung Regency to increase tourist attraction to the beauty of celestial objects such as stars, moon, etc. In addition, it provides information to astronomical tourism whether or not the place is suitable for research. This study measures the sky’s brightness at a certain time based on the region and position of the moon. The method used is observation using Sky Quality Meter. The places used are the Senggani Jurang Campground, Tulungagung Regency. This study was conducted for 16 days using SQM-L and SQM-LU which were performed every 10 minutes. The data obtained from the observations will then be analyzed using correlation between time and the value of sky brightness with MPSAS (Magnitude Per Square ArcSecond) units. This research results show that the best sky brightness value is 22.79 MPSAS. It shows that on average throughout the night light pollution is very little. From the results of the observation data that has been done, it can be said that the Senggani Jurang Campground, Tulungagung Regency has the potential to become astronomical tourism.
Marine Heatwaves Characteristics in Spermonde Islands, West Coast of South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Gunawan S R , Ningsih N S , Beliyana E , Tarya A
Published: November 2022

Marine heatwaves (MHWs) have caused devastating impacts on marine communities, especially on coastal ecosystems. A coral reef is a coastal community that is vulnerable to changes in the marine environment, especially sea surface temperature. This study focused on investigating the characteristics of MHWs in the Spermonde Islands (SI), which is home to coral reef communities. The dynamics of MHWs were examined during the cold phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) in recent years (2008–2021) using satellite-observed sea surface temperature data provided by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Statistical methods calculated the characteristics of MHWs such as frequency, intensity, and duration. The analysis results showed that frequency of occurrence, mean maximum intensity, and mean duration of MHWs in the SI were around three times a year, 0.9–1.5 °C, and 8–12 days, respectively. The linear trend of frequency of occurrence of MHWs in the SI showed a decrease of 1 event per decade. In contrast, the linear trend of maximum intensity and duration of MHWs showed an increasing trend in the SI. In addition, this study also showed that the MHWs characteristics in the SI were controlled remotely by El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) climate phenomena. Towards the end of the strong El Niño periods, notably in 2016, the MHWs occurred longer and more intensely.
The Combined Method Effect of Thermoelectric Cooling on Cooling Temperature-an Experimental Study
Authors: Syaka D R B , Yoga N G , Sutrisno H H , Jeffrey J A
Published: November 2022

Vaccine distribution to regions in Indonesia is very important and needs to be considered because vaccines have different resistance to temperature and safety in storage. Vaccine spoilage can occur if it is not stored under proper storage conditions. In storing vaccines, they usually use portable cooler boxes so that vaccines can be distributed to remote areas. The latest breakthrough was made. A cooler box using Peltier or thermoelectric elements was chosen as an alternative because it is simple and economical. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of the Peltier TECT1-12706 thermoelectric combined method on the cooling temperature in the cooler box. This study uses experimental methods on several variations of parallel, stacked, and pyramid combination installation methods with different thermoelectric quantities. The data analysis technique was carried out by making a diagram of the relationship between time and temperature received by the thermocouple during testing in the cooler box. From the experimental results, it was found that the best method of combining Peltier installations is to use 3 Peltiers with the 1-2 pyramid combination method where the temperature decrease in the cold sink is faster than the decrease in temperature in the cooler box when the coolbox is first operated with an average temperature of the lowest average is around 0.6°C. Suppose the cold sink can cool faster than the temperature in the cooler box. In that case, the cooling process in the box can be even faster, and the estimated waiting time before placing the vaccine can be faster to reach the lowest temperature. Therefore, the arrangement of 3 thermoelectrics with the pyramid method of 1-2 can be used to store certain vaccines to be brought to remote areas in Indonesia.
Water Infiltration in the Soil Quaternary Volcanic Rocks in Rawadanau Serang Banten
Authors: Hartanto P
Published: November 2022

Calculating water storage capacity can estimate how much rainwater infiltrates the ground. The soil infiltration and permeability test can estimate water storage capacity. This study is to evaluate how much water infiltrates into the soil. Research in Rawadanau, Serang Regency, has been conducted on relatively undisturbed land and mixed agriculture at the soil quaternary volcanic. The infiltration capacity (f) was measured using the double-ring infiltrometer, and the permeability (k) was measured in the laboratory using a permeameter. The test results of both methods and calculations using Horton’s equations showed that f varied from 6.6−4 to 1.89−2 cm/sec. In contrast, the k was between 3.74−7 to 6.05−3 cm/sec. The highest value of the f was found in land with sandy lithology on mixed forests, the highest of k at forests, and mixed agriculture volcanic soil.
Activation Energy Analysis of Coffee Beans Drying Using Double Condenser Refrigeration System
Authors: Dzaky M I , Kosasih E A , Fauzi M B , Prabowo A T , Zikri A
Published: November 2022

The coffee drying system that is less efficient with the use of sunlight makes the productivity of coffee farmers in Indonesia less than optimal when the rainy season arrives. In this study, the coffee bean drying process was carried out to make the drying system more effective and efficient by combining a bed dryer-type drying system with a heat pump. The drying air flow used was 550 lpm. Variations in temperature on the evaporator used 10 until 20 °C and without refrigeration. While the electric heating temperatures used are 60 to 80 °C. In addition, this test is also carried out using only electric heaters. The results obtained from this study are the dehumidification process of drying air in the evaporator can improve the drying process of coffee beans. Higher electric heating temperatures will also speed up the drying process. The highest value of activation energy for drying coffee beans on air humidity was 39.6485 kJ/mol at drying conditions without using a refrigeration system and n The lowest activation energy value was obtained at a specific humidity of 0.0079 kg/kg d.a (evaporator temperature 10°C) with a value of 19.9407 kJ/mol. The lower the specific humidity of the drying air, the lower the energy required to evaporate the water in the coffee beans. This activation energy value can then be used as initial data for the numerical simulation of drying coffee beans.
Development of Student’s Worksheets using Learning Strategies to Improve Thinking Ability Equipped with Mind Mapping and Ability of Student’s Retention
Authors: Serevina V , Heluth L
Published: November 2022

This study aims to develop a student’s worksheet (LKPD) using learning strategies to improve thinking skills equipped with mind mapping to increase student retention in learning physics. LKPD was developed based on the results of the validation and responses of teachers and students. This research method with the survey development model. The data collection technique used is distributing questionnaires via google form to 128 high school students and 26 high school teachers in Jakarta. The subjects of this research are LKPD and the students of class XI high school 74 in Jakarta. The developed LKPD contains: 1) LKPD cover, 2) table of contents, 3) study instructions, 4) learning competencies or subject matter, 5) supporting information, 6) tasks or work steps, and 7) assessment. Based on the results of observations using a questionnaire via a google form, with 128 students, 40% of students had difficulty remembering learning material for a long time. As many as 46% of students feel helped by LKPD compared to 39% of modules. As many as 96% of teachers stated that LKPD was able to reinforce students on the material being taught. Student retention shows that an n-gain value of 0.7 with this LKPD is very effective.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends in the Scientific Approach to Physics Learning
Authors: Supriyati Y , Sati D , Yudha R P
Published: November 2022

This study aims to analyze research trends on a scientific approach in physics learning. The qualitative method used is a bibliometric analysis using the Vos Viewer application. The data was obtained through the Scholar search using Publish or Perish application. A total of 198 research articles were collected with a publication range of 2017-2022. The research in 2017 was 24 articles; in 2018, there were 28 articles; in 2019, there were 45 articles; in 2020, there were 51 articles; in 2021, there were 45 articles; and in 2022, there were five articles. The data obtained is stored in the form of RIS and then analyzed using the Vos Viewer application. Based on the analysis result, it can conclude that the research themes that need to be explored further in the scientific approach to learning physics are students’ science process skills, projects, discovery, and active learning.
Optics Virtual Laboratory (OVL) Based on Physics Independent Learning (PIL) For Improving Critical Thinking Skill
Authors: Wibowo F C , Darman D R , Prahani B K , Faizin M. N
Published: November 2022

Independent Learning is necessary and important to support problem-solving skills and critical thinking skills in learning physics. The demands of the curriculum and the development of globalization require universities to make innovations that are beneficial for the world of 21st-century skills-based education. The study aims to develop Optics Virtual Laboratory (OVL) Based on Physics Independent Learning (PIL) For Improving Critical Thinking Skills. The research method in developing OVL utilizes the ADDIE Model which comprises the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluate Phase. The research Sample remained 38 students who were studying physics and optical geometry concepts at one of the public universities in the central part of Indonesia. The results of the OVL media validation research show that in the material aspect the average value is 82% with a good interpretation and the media aspect has a median value of 90% with a good interpretation. The Gain test scores of OVL application in improving Critical Thinking Skill. The results have increased by 0.66 with a moderate category. It was concluded that OVL with the PIL model could improve students’ critical thinking skills (CTS).
Convective boundary integral equation: the case of a non-axisymmetric dendrite with a forced viscous flow
Authors: Titova E A , Alexandrov D V
Published: November 2022

The paper is devoted to obtaining an integral solution to the problem of convective heat transfer in the vicinity of the tip of a stationary growing non-axisymmetric dendrite. The boundary integral equation for an elliptical paraboloid growing in a viscous forced flow is solved using the Green function technique. The total undercooling at the dendrite tip is found for single-component and binary melts, which is a function of the Péclet, Reynolds, and Prandtl numbers as well as the ellipticity parameter. Also, we demonstrate that these parameters substantially influence the total undercooling. We show that the increase of fluid flow and ellipticity of the crystal tip allows it to grow faster at fixed undercooling and average tip diameter. The 3D non-axisymmetric theory under consideration is verified with previous solutions constructed by Ananth and Gill (1989 J. Fluid Mech.
208 575–593) for elliptic paraboloid and Alexandrov and Galenko (2021 Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A
379 20200325) for a paraboloid of revolution and a parabolic cylinder with a forced flow. The method developed can be used for the stationary growth of arbitrary patterns in the presence of convective flow.
Post-weld friction stir processing of AA5083-F TIG welds with scandium added fillers
Authors: Aarthi R , Sekar K S Vijay
Published: November 2022

TIG welded marine grade AA5083-F/ER5356 and AA5083-F/ER5356+Sc joints were friction stir processed with a pin less FSP tool, to explore the impact of the process parameters on the mechanical and metallurgical characteristics of the weldments and enhance the weld strength. The microstructure of the welds was observed using optical and SEM and subjected to mechanical tests like impact toughness, tensile, microhardness and fractography, to evaluate the strength of the weld. A microstructural improvement was observed in the FSPed weld joints, with an average grain size of 4 μm for TIG welds and 2 μm for Sc added TIG welds, in comparison to the TIG-welded joints, which showed an average grain size of 12 μm and 8 μm when Sc was added. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of the FSPed joints were higher than the tensile strength of the base metal, with values of 288 MPa for the FSPed joints and 331 MPa for the Sc added FSPed joints. The FSPed joint’s elongation range decreased to 7.1% but showed a marked improvement for the Sc added FSPed joints, up to 20.5%. There was a marked improvement in the maximum hardness compared to TIG welded joints, with the FSPed TIG-welded joints giving a value of 90 HV1, while the maximum hardness of Sc added FSP joints showing 95 HV1. The study revealed that FSPed and Sc added joints improved the mechanical and microstructural properties of the TIG welded joints significantly.
A comprehensive DFT study to evaluate the modulation in the band gap, elastic, and optical behaviour of CsPbBr3 under the effect of stress
Authors: Zaidi S M Junaid , Khan M Ijaz , Gillani S S A , Sahar M Sana Ullah , Ullah Sana , Tanveer Muhammad
Published: November 2022

The computational Generalized Gradient Approximations (GGA) are applied on cubic Cesium Lead Bromide (CsPbBr3) with different stress values of 0, 5, 10, and 15 GPa for a supercell with PBE exchange relationship parameters to study the structural, mechanical, and optoelectronic characteristics. This study aims to determine how stress affects structural and electronic properties, how optical behaviour changes in reaction to electronic change, and how mechanical properties change as a result. The structure remains cubic, and there is no phase shift, but a reduction in the lattice parameters is seen. The reduction in band gap (1.900 eV) is found from 0–15 GPa and zero at 17 GPa. The partial densities of states (PDOS) of bulk CsPbBr3, Cs, Pb, and Br are also calculated. The partial density states PDOS of bulk CsPbBr3 show that in the valence band range, the sharpest observed peak is for d-states, while in the conduction region, the sharpest peak is for p-states and then for s-states. The significant variation in values of absorption, conductivity (imaginary and real), dielectric function (imaginary and real), loss function, reflectivity, and refractive index (imaginary and real) are found by applying stresses of 0, 5, 10, 15 GPa. Using the energy deformation relationship, the elastic constants are computed. From these constants, various mechanical characteristics such as the bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young modulus, and Poisson ratio are derived and discussed. Additionally, it is a good component in optoelectronic devices due to its high refractive index, absorption, reflectivity, and conductivity.
Climate control of tropical cyclone rapid intensification frequency in the north indian ocean
Authors: Wang Han , Wu Qiaoyan , Hong Jiacheng
Published: November 2022

Rapid intensification (RI ≥ 20 knots/24h) is essential to very severe cyclonic storm (VSCS) in the North Indian Ocean (NIO). Between 1980 and 2020, the annual numbers of VSCSs were strongly correlated with the annual numbers of RI-20 events during the pre-monsoon (April-June) and post-monsoon (October-December) periods in the Arabian Sea (ARB) and the Bay of Bengal (BoB). Singular value decomposition (SVD) analysis was applied to the sea surface temperature (SST) and the number of RI events in the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. The leading SVD mode explained ∼85% (83%) of the total covariance during the pre-monsoon (post-monsoon). With an increase in the SST, the number of RI events increased in the ARB and the BoB during the pre-monsoon, and the number of RI events was enhanced in the ARB but reduced in the BoB during the post-monsoon. Decreased vertical wind shear was the primary contributor to the increased RI-20 events during the pre-monsoon. During the post-monsoon, decreased vertical wind shear and increased relative humidity contributed to increased RI-20 events in the ARB, while reduced absolute vorticity and decreased relative humidity contributed to decreased RI-20 events in the BoB. These results suggest an increased occurrence of VSCSs in both seasons in the ARB, and an increased (decreased) occurrence of VSCSs in the pre-monsoon (post-monsoon) in the BoB with increasing SST.
Identifying magnetosome-associated genes in the extended CtrA regulon inMagnetospirillum magneticumAMB-1 using a combinational approach
Authors: Yang Yizi , Cao Chen , Gu Ning
Published: November 2022

Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are worth studying because of magnetosome biomineralization. Magnetosome biogenesis in MTB is controlled by multiple genes known as magnetosome-associated genes. Recent advances in bioinformatics provide a unique opportunity for studying functions of magnetosome-associated genes and networks that they are involved in. Furthermore, various types of bioinformatics analyses can also help identify genes associated with magnetosome biogenesis. To predict novel magnetosome-associated genes in the extended CtrA regulon, we analyzed expression data of Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1 in the GSE35625 dataset in NCBI GEO. We identified 10 potential magnetosome-associated genes using a combinational approach of differential expression analysis, Gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway enrichment analysis, protein–protein interaction network analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Meanwhile, we also discovered and compared two co-expression modules that most known magnetosome-associated genes belong to. Our comparison indicated the importance of energy on regulating co-expression module structures for magnetosome biogenesis. At the last stage of our research, we predicted at least four real magnetosome-associated genes out of 10 potential genes, based on a comparison of evolutionary trees between known and potential magnetosome-associated genes. Because of the discovery of common subtrees that the stressed species are enriched in, we proposed a hypothesis that multiple types of environmental stress can trigger magnetosome evolution in different waters, and therefore its evolution can recur at different times in various locations on earth. Overall, our research provides useful information for identifying new MTB species and understanding magnetosome biogenesis.
Cost-effectiveness of carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients
Authors: Perez-Troncoso Daniel , Epstein David , Davies Alun Huw , Thapar Ankur
Published: November 2022

Background

Medical therapy for stroke prevention has improved significantly over the past 30 years. Recent analyses of medically treated cohorts have suggested that early rates of stroke may have reduced, and reports of the safety of carotid surgery have also shown improvements. Since the effectiveness of carotid surgery versus medical therapy was established in the 1990s, there is an urgent need to evaluate whether surgery remains cost-effective in the UK.

Methods

A decision model was developed to estimate the lifetime costs and utilities of modern medical therapy with and without carotid endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic stenosis from the perspective of the UK National Health Service. The base-case population consisted of adults aged 70 years with 70–99 per cent stenosis. Model data were obtained from clinical studies and wider literature. Univariate and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were carried out.

Results

In the base-case scenario, the 5-year absolute risk reduction with carotid endarterectomy was 5 per cent, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was €12 021 (exchange rate £1 GBP = €1.1125 (Tuesday 1 January 2019)) per quality-adjusted life-year. Surgery was more cost-effective if performed rapidly after presentation. In patients with 50–69 per cent carotid stenosis, surgery appeared less clinically effective. However, there was considerable uncertainty.

Conclusion

Surgery may not now be clinically effective and cost-effective in those with moderate carotid stenosis. However, these results are uncertain because of the limited data on modern medical therapy and an RCT may be justified.
Oncovascular surgery for advanced pelvic malignancy
Authors: Rajendran Saissan , Brown Kilian G M , Solomon Michael J
Published: November 2022

Background

The number of units with experience in extended radical resections for advanced pelvic tumours has grown substantially in recent years. The use of complex vascular resections and reconstructive techniques in these units is expected to increase with experience. This review aimed to provide a cutting-edge overview of this evolving surgical approach to complex pelvic tumours with vascular involvement.

Methods

This was a narrative review of published data on major vascular resection and reconstruction for advanced pelvic tumours, including preoperative evaluation, techniques used, and outcomes. Advice for treatment decisions is provided, and based on current literature and the personal experience of the authors. Current controversies and future directions are discussed.

Results

Major vascular resection and reconstruction during surgery for advanced pelvic tumours is associated with prolonged operating time (510–678 min) and significant blood loss (median 2–5 l). R0 resection can be achieved in 58–82 per cent at contemporary specialist units. The risk of major complications is similar to that of extended pelvic resection without vascular involvement (30–40 per cent) and perioperative mortality is acceptable (0–4 per cent). Long-term survival is achievable in approximately 50 per cent of patients.

Conclusion

En bloc resection of the common or external iliac vessels during exenterative pelvic surgery is a feasible strategy for patients with advanced tumours which infiltrate major pelvic vascular structures. Oncological, morbidity, and survival outcomes appear comparable to more central pelvic tumours. These encouraging outcomes, combined with an increasing interest in extended pelvic resections globally, will likely lead to more exenteration units developing oncovascular experience.