bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Challenges of Fidelity in Translating English Proverbs into Arabic
Authors: Mahmood Noor Ghazi , Jamal Noorjan Hussein
Published: December 2024

Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source language text using an equivalent target-language text. The main problem of translation is meaning. Thus fidelity or faithfulness should be to meaning and not to the form, style, or even the context of the source language To achieve an accurate and appropriate translation the translator should also have a good background knowledge of the SL and the TL culture, s/he take into consideration the context of the text in the TL. The main problem here is that translators cannot achieve total fidelity in translating texts that belong to languages that have considerable gaps between their cultures, especially in translating proverbs. In every translation process, there is a purpose or a function that is not inherited in the words of the original text. One of the main challenges and problems in translating English proverbs into Arabic is the lack of linguistic equivalence in the Arabic language due to the differences between Arabic and English cultures, religion, social norms, etc. In this case, the translators may use direct literal translation which is inappropriate in translating proverbs because proverbs acquired their meaning from everyday experience which is inevitably different between Arabic and English. This study aims to explain the concept of fidelity in translation and how it may affect the translation process. Also, it aims to explore the challenges and difficulties of fidelity in translating English proverbs from English into Arabic. To fulfill the above aims, the current study hypothesizes that fidelity in translation is very important because it enables the translator to transpose the author's ideas and style accurately but sometimes this makes it difficult for the readers of the target language to understand the meaning effectively if the translator tries to achieve fidelity rather than the purpose of the source text. Also, translators who have a good background in both languages are more successful in their translation. Two proverbs as data for this study were chosen from the book entitled “One Thousand and One English Proverbs Translated into Arabic" written by Dr. Omer Osman Jabak, a lecturer at King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. Subsequently, these proverbs were given to ten M.A. students at the Department of Translation, the College of Arts, Tikrit University to render them into Arabic.
Backtracking Script in Agatha's Selected Crime Fiction: A Stylistic Study
Authors: Obaid Abbas Idan , Musa Zakariya Yaseen , Najm Akram Jabbar
Published: December 2024

Backtracking script is a mode of speech presentation, encompassing a domain of the text (sub)world where the writer manipulates receivers' (or readers') mind to handle the conceptual gaps he presumes for them, provoking a schematic structure to be recognized by readers. The present study tackles the backtracking script in Agatha's detective stories: "The Adventure of the Christmas Pudding" And "The Mystery of the Spanish Chest". Agatha Christie was one of the most celebrated writers of the ‘Golden Age’ period of detective fiction in the years between the world wars. The propounded model for backtracking script is embodied in the following two hypotheses and to be applied to Agatha's two detective stories: first, backtracking script is a mode of speech presentation, mapping the lineaments of how matters are or should be; second, there are four main backtracking schemes for scripts applicable to the novellas in hand: informative, reasoning, inter-textual and inter-lexical backtracking. The data analysis validates the proposed model through applying it to the data in hand. The study comes out with conclusion that the writer in her manipulative strategies for constructing backtracking scripts accommodates receivers' information to an advanced schematic succession of events, actions and notions as a material text-world.
Esoteric tourism at archaeological sites: why didn't Savin become Arkaim?
Authors: Baimov Airat Gaisarovich
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of popularization of "esoteric tourism", as well as the use of archaeological sites for the development of domestic tourism in Russian regions on the example of the Kurgan region. In this work, we do not aim to study rituals and spiritual practices, as well as the directions of new religious movements. Therefore, we will use the term "esotericists" in relation to a wide range of people who consider themselves to belong to various communities: from astrologers and palmists, to neo-pagans and sorcerers. Here we also include "urban inhabitants" who admit the existence of supernatural forces, but in ordinary life do not practice any esoteric teaching. The main purpose and objective of the study is reflected in the title of the work: to find out why Savin cannot compete with Arkaim in terms of popularity among esotericists? During the preparation of this study, we carried out an expedition visit to the sites "Eneolithic Sanctuary "Savin-1" and "Arkaim Reserve" on the day of the summer solstice. With the help of automated information collection tools, data is collected from open sources on the Vkontakte social network. The material was structured and analyzed using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The combined use of digital ethnography methods with classical ethnographic methods has made it possible to collect and analyze a wider range of sources. As part of the study, for the first time, an analysis of user groups and accounts considering Savin as a "place of power" was carried out, their approximate gender and age composition and region of residence were established. However, the statistical description of these groups is not the main purpose of our study. Therefore, our discourse analysis of the texts allowed us to delve deeper into the topic under study and identify the main reasons why the archaeological monument "Eneolithic sanctuary "Savin-1" could not gain the same popularity among tourists as Arkaim has. The author concludes that with modest financial investments in the development of tourist infrastructure, only esotericists can ensure a constant flow of people to the facility. Such an example is Arkaim.
Correlation of short and full forms of adjectives in the modern Slovenian literary language in journalistic texts (based on the materials of the Gigafida 2.0 corpus)
Authors: Komarova Ksenia Igorevna
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the use of short and full forms of adjectives in the modern literary Slovene language. Both forms of adjectives serve in the Slovenian language to express the category of certainty and uncertainty, which goes back to the common Slavic opposition of short and full forms. In modern research on Slovenistics, special attention is paid to the question of the similarity of the functions of a certain article in Western European languages and a certain form of an adjective in the Slovenian language. In our study, we decided to analyze the cases of the use of short and full forms of adjectives in the Slovenian language using the example of journalistic texts and compare the use of adjective forms with the use of articles in Western European languages. To do this, we turned to the corpus of the written standard Slovene language Gigafida 2.0 For random sampling analysis, we selected four pairs of adjectives: nov / novi, star /stari, mlad /mladi. We have considered all pairs of short and full adjectives in the nominative and accusative cases. We have selected 100 examples for each form of adjectives (1200 examples in total). As a result of our research, we came to the conclusion that the short and full forms of adjectives in the Slovenian language really correlate with indefinite and definite articles in Western European languages. To use the article correctly, it is necessary to understand the context. In Slovene, we see the same influence of context on the choice of adjective form in both nominative and accusative cases. Short forms are used in cases where we are talking about a "new" object that has not been mentioned before. The short form expresses the uncertainty of the subject, does not distinguish it from other similar subjects and emphasizes the insignificance of the feature. The full form of the adjective also serves as an indicator that the object is already familiar to the reader.
Assessing the influence of business media in St. Petersburg on public perception of gender relations in the context of legal values
Authors: Chernova Anastasia Nikolaevna , Kulakova Darina  Vladlenovna
Published: December 2024

Modern society is characterized by active transformations in the field of gender relations, which is reflected in various social institutions, including the media. The object of the study is the influence of business media on public opinion and perception of gender issues. Subject of the study: value guidelines in articles on gender issues. In this context, the question of how the business media of St. Petersburg influence the public understanding of gender relations in the context of key legal values, such as equality and justice, is of particular relevance. Objective of the study: using a comprehensive content analysis, including qualitative and quantitative research, to determine the place of articles on gender issues in the materials of the regional business journal "Delovoy Peterburg". Using the content analysis method, a qualitative study was conducted and primary data on the representation of women in the regional business publication in 2023-2024 were presented. The results obtained indicate that gender issues are gradually entering the information agenda; we can talk about the phenomenon of editorial gender policy. Content analysis of publications of the business publication Delovoy Peterburg showed that the number of articles written by women and men is balanced. However, analysis of expert opinions presented in the publications showed a significant preponderance of comments by men over women (72 versus 22). This “imbalance” of expert opinions can contribute to the preservation of gender stereotypes and limitation of career opportunities for women. Analysis of article headlines on gender topics revealed the presence of certain gender stereotypes and emphasis on gender inequality, which hinders the formation of a culture of gender literacy. In the future, attention to the topic of gender equality on the part of business media has the potential to transform gender stereotypes.
The image of Ship in English Romantic poetry: Reinterpreting Coleridge’s ‘Rime of the Ancient Mariner’ and Shelleу’s ‘Vision of the Sea’
Authors: Anisimova Olga Vladimirovna , Makarova Inna
Published: December 2024

The image of Ship, along with the images of World Tree and Rosa Mundi, is rightly considered one of the three most popular topoi of Western European art, starting from ancient times up to now. The mythopoeic image of Ship, rooted in Sumero-Akkadian mythology, eventually developed its own image field, the key elements of which are widely represented in various works of art. In Romanticism, Ship received its artistic embodiment in two main directions: as a symbol of man challenging nature, and as a symbol of human soul's odyssey through the waves of fate, the image of Flying Dutchman, which took shape in European folklore in the epoch of Great Geographical Discoveries. The subject of this research is to study the interpretation of the image of Ship in English Romantic literature based on the texts of its two key representatives - Coleridge's "Rime of the Ancient Mariner" and Shelley's "Vision of the Sea". During the research, such methods as comparative analysis, literary, and historical and cultural methods were used. The scientific novelty of work consists in the attempt to consider the features of the artistic evolution of the mythopoeic image of Ship in the poetry of English Romanticism on the example of texts by its key representatives through the prism of socio-cultural transformation of the image over centuries. Thus, "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner" demonstrates the tragic voyage of the ship whose crew is doomed to eternal torment. In turn, in "Vision of the Sea", the image of a strong human spirit is revealed, embodied in the ship entering into unequal battle with nature. In future, both trends will find their reflection in the works of art contributing to the development of the image field of Ship, the interpretation proposed by Coleridge being dominant.
Supersonic Cavity Flow Control Using Plasma Synthetic Jet Actuators
Authors: Kong Yakang , Wang Cheng , Zong Haohua , Wu Yun , Liang Hua , Tang Mengxiao , Qu Yi
Published: December 2024

A spanwise array of plasma synthetic jets (PSJs) is employed to control the cavity flow at Mach 2.0 with the aim of mixing enhancement. The time responses of the flow to control are diagnosed by a high-speed schlieren imaging system and a planar particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) system. Results show that the fluctuation in the baseline flow mainly comes from the impact shock wave and the distributed compression waves above the shear layer, while in the actuated flow, the shear layer zone also manifests high-level fluctuations. Physically, the multiple shock waves induced by the PSJs are responsible for the disturbances seeded to the shear layer. A wavy shear layer can be picked in the high-order proper orthogonal decomposition modes, indicating the formation of large-scale vortices due to excitation of the Kelvin–Helmoltz instability. As the discharge frequency increases, the grayscale fluctuation in the shear layer also goes up. At the highest frequency of 5 kHz, the growth rate of the shear layer thickness is elevated noticeably by approximately 10%, and the area of high-level velocity fluctuation is expanded by 30%, when compared to the nonactuated condition.
Obstetrical Characteristics and Glucose Profile of Singleton Primigravid Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Meru Mother and Child Health Clinic, Malaysia
Authors: Ahmad Shuhaimi Farhanah , Abdul Hamid Syahrul Bariah
Published: December 2024

This study aims to explore the baseline obstetric characteristics of singleton, primigravid women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) from an experimental study. A total of 58 subjects with GDM, who were solely on diet control, were recruited from Meru Health Clinic in Selangor. The majority of the subjects (97%) were Malay. The mean age of the subjects was 27.59±3.2 years, with a pre-pregnancy weight of 68.86±17.8 kg, a height of 1.56±0.1 m, and Body Mass Index (BMI) of 28.08±6.7 kg/m2. Most subjects in this study (93%) were diagnosed with GDM at their first Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT), conducted at a mean gestational age of 18.93±2.8 weeks. The OGTT readings at diagnosis were 5.1±0.6 mmol/L for Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) and 7.9±1.5 mmol/L for 2-Hour Postprandial (2HPP). The Blood Sugar Profile (BSP) levels were recorded as follows: fasting at 4.8±0.4 mmol/L, pre-lunch at 5.1±0.5 mmol/L, post-lunch at 5.3±0.5 mmol/L, and post-dinner at 5.3±1.5 mmol/L. Macronutrient intake was within the recommended guidelines. The subjects delivered at a mean gestational age of 38.8±1.1 weeks, with a mean birth weight of 2.99±0.4 kg. No incidences of macrosomia were recorded in this study. In conclusion, the subjects underwent early GDM screening, had well-controlled antenatal blood glucose levels, and experienced no adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Anthropometric Measures of Adiposity and Their Associations with Blood Pressure among Malay Adolescents Aged 18 to 19 Years Old in Terengganu
Authors: Baharun Nurul Ain Najihah , Wee Bee Suan , Shahril Mohd Razif , Poh Bee Koon
Published: December 2024

This study aims to explore association of anthropometric adiposity measures with blood pressure among Malays aged 18 to 19 years. Participants comprised 309 university students of Malay ethnicity residing in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu. This cross-sectional research study was done in April 2021 to August 2023. A total of 40.7% of participants were overweight/obese, 42.1% normal weight, and 17.5% underweight based on World Health Organisation (WHO)-Asian Body Mass Index (BMI) classification. Among this population, 15.5% of the students was considered as Hypertension (HPT) and 21.4% had Elevated Blood Pressure (EBP). Proportions of male students with HPT (35.7%) and EBP (29.8%) were significantly higher compared to female students (18% and 18.2%, respectively). Linear regression analysis indicated that BMI was a significant factor that influenced Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), especially among female participants. Obese adolescents had 7.0 times higher odds of developing EBP/HPT compared to those in other BMI categories (aOR=6.97; 95% CI: 2.92, 16.6; p<0.05). The high prevalence of HPT and EBP raises concern, as the study also confirmed an association between obesity and blood pressure. In conclusion, anthropometric measures of adiposity were associated with increased odds of HPT. Thus, early identification of individuals with high-risk anthropometric adiposity is crucial to facilitate timely intervention and mitigate associated risks.
SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ALGORITHM FOR REVEALING NETWORK MOTIVES
Authors: SELKINA L.M. , MOISEEVA N.A.
Published: December 2024

It is described the Kavosh algorithm for finding network motifs (or statistically significant subgraphs). Dependencies of the operating speed obtained as a result of testing this algorithm in the Python programming language are presented. The developed prototype of the Motif App web application is applicable for both the analysis of directed and undirected graphs.
USING FORMAL GRAMMARS IN THE TASK OF DOCUMENT TEM-PLATING
Authors: GUSHCHIN N.O. , TYUMENTCEV E.A.
Published: December 2024

Regular, context-free and context-dependent grammars are considered, their main properties and possibilities of application when creating documents based on a template in the LaTeX format. Describes a specific set of grammars that can be used to parse the structure of documents, including descriptions of tables, lists and blocks of text. The application of this approach can significantly simplify and automate the process of creating and editing documents.
DEVELOPMENT OF TOOLS FOR MODERATING COMMENTS BASEDON SOLIDITY ANALYSIS
Authors: RYBAKOVA E.I. , SHARUN I.V.
Published: December 2024

The problem of comment moderation with negative content filtering is considered. The PySpark framework is used to analyze the sentiment of comments based on the Apache Spark library. The algorithm reads the text of the comment and determines its emotional coloring. The toolkit can be used on educational web services where negative comments can be filtered and prevented from appearing on the site, which in turn improves content quality and user safety.
MATHEMATICAL TERMS EXTRACTION FROM STUDYING MATERIALS WITH COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTICS
Authors: SHCHEPELEV N.Y. , TYUMENTSEV E.A.
Published: December 2024

Text analysis methods, such as named entity recognition and role classification, are used to identify and extract entities and relationships. To improve the accuracy and efficiency of extraction, methods such as support vector machines and conditional random fields are applied. The proposed approach demonstrates promising results in accurately and efficiently annotating studying materials into mathematical terms.
Identifikasi Gambaran Hasil Footprint Plantar Pedis Pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Di Surabaya Barat
Authors: Soekanto Ayly
Published: December 2024

Deformitas pada plantar pedis akan memyebabkan komplikasi sebagian pada plantar pedis yang akan muncul pelahan lahan seiring dengan bertambahnya usiaÂ  timbul keluhan pada musculoskeletal setelah 5 â€“ 10 tahun kemudian. Footprint atau pemeriksaan sidik plantar pedis, merupakan pemeriksaan yang dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi bentuk plantar pedis, dengan cara menghitung sudut dari arcus longitudinalis inferior kearah superior dengan memakai patokan dari batas plantar pedis medialis. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui Identifikasi gambaran hasil footprint plantar pedis pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran di Surabaya Barat, dengan memberikan gambaran prosentase bentuk plantar pedis bermanfaat untuk melakukan pencegahan dan koreksi sedini mungkin pada kelainan deformitas plantar pedis. Metode diskritif pengamatan gambaran bentuk plantar pedis dilakukan pada sejumlah 64 mahasiswa mencelupkan plantar pedis kedalam tinta merah kemudian dilakukan percetakan pada kertas yang telah disediakan dan dievaluasi gambaran prosentase dari hasil footprint. Kesimpulan pada 40 % responden mempunyai bentuk plantar pedis normal, 52 % respondens bentuk low foot dan 5 % respondens mempunyai bentuk Â high foot, berarti hanya 26 mahasiswa saja yang mempunyai bentuk plantar pedis normal.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Playing Card Dalam Model Pembelajaran Make a Match Pada Materi Sistem Reproduksi Untuk Melatih Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik Kelas XI Di SMAN 5 Madiun
Authors: Cahyanti Amin Dwi , Rahmawati Rita Nur
Published: December 2024

Pendidikan menjadi hal yang wajib diterima oleh semua manusia sejak kecil hingga Â dewasa, sesuai dengan kebijakan pemerintah yakni wajib belajar dan juga pebelajar Â sepanjang hayat. Pembelajaran pada abad-21 ini menuntut peserta didik agar memiliki Â keterampilan-keterampilan seperti berpikir kritis (critical thinking), komunikasi Â (communication), kerja sama (collaboration), dan kreativitas (creativity) atau disebut 4C. Pada kenyataannya kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik masih relatif rendah. Â Keterampilan berpikir kritis dapat dilatihkan dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran Â berbasis game playing card dalam model pembelajaran make a match dimana peserta didik dilatih untuk mencari dan memperoleh sendiri jawaban dari sebuah permasalahan yang ada pada kartu tersebut. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah penelitian Â tindakan kelas (PTK), yang dilakukan di SMA N 5 MADIUN pada kelas XI MIPA 5 yang Â berjumlah 33 peserta didik sebagai subjek penelitian. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April Â selama 1 minggu (2x pertemuan) di kelas XI MIPA 5 dimana kelas tersebut menjadi kelas Â yang diajar selama siklus praktik pengalaman lapangan (PPL). Pengembangan media Â pembelajaran playing card dalam model pembelajaran make a match pada materi sistem Â reproduksi untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis menunjukkan adanya perbedaan Â yang tinggi antara nilai rata-rata prasiklus sebesar 70,4 dan saat siklus I rata-rata menjadi 92 Â sedangkan siklus II rata-rata menjadi 94 dengan kategori validitas sangat layak. Sedangkan Â nilai N-gain sebesar 0,8 dengan kategori efektivitas tinggi. Sehingga pengembangan media Â pembelajaran playing card dalam model pembelajaran make a match pada materi sistem Â reproduksi untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis dinyatakan layak secara teoritis Â ditinjau dari aspek kevalidan, keefektifan dan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar.
Kesadaran Metakognitif Mahasiswa Melalui Pembelajaran Mandiri
Authors: Yuhanna Wachidatul Linda , Ningsih Nuri Ati
Published: December 2024

Metacognitive awareness is essential in learning, which includes knowledge about cognition and regulation about cognition. This study aims to 1) To know the average value of metacognitive awareness of biology education students which includes knowledge about cognition and regulation about cognition. 2) To know the percentage of student knowledge about cognition. 3) To know the percentage of student regulation about cognition. 4) To know the percentage of students metacognitive awareness. The instrument used is Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (MAI) developed by Schraw and Dennison (1994) which contains 52 questions with a score of 1 (true) and 0 (false). The results show that the mean value of metacognitive awareness is declarative knowledge (5,4); procedural knowledge (2,6); conditional knowledge (3.8); planning (4.9); information management strategy (6.4); understanding monitoring (4.8), search strategy (4.3) and evaluation (3.6). The percentage of knowledge about cognition of students with high (37.78%); medium (15.50%) and low (46.67%). The percentage of regulation about cognition of students with high (34.44%); medium (34.44%) and low (31.12%). The percentage of students metacognitive awareness with high (36.67%), medium (28.89%) and low (34.44%) so that there should be efforts to increase metacognitive awareness in biology education students.
Поэзия мысли Е. А. Баратынского и русская философия всеединства: некоторые заметки
Authors: О.В. Марченко
Published: December 2024

Статья продолжает серию работ автора, где он рассматривает ряд концептов, философем, метафор и символов, присущих отечественной философской и художественной традиции. Рассмотрение это осуществляется в тесной связи с историей европейской художественно-философской культуры. В данном случае автор исследует несколько образов и символов, присущих как метафизике всеединства, так и русской поэзии мысли. Речь идет об онтологической модели «пирамиды света и тьмы», которая возникает в рамках платонической и неопла- тонической традиций и весьма распространена в европейской культуре. В ряде случаев она связана с темой апокатастасиса, особенно если говорить о метафизике всеединства. Автор рассматривает вышеобозначенные темы, обращаясь к худо- жественном миру Е. А. Баратынского, А. А. Блока, Андрея Белого, Ф. М. Достоевского, а также философским построениям Николая Кузанского, В. С. Соловьёва, Л. П. Карсавина, А. Ф. Лосева. Вступительные страницы знаменитого сочинения Жозефа де Местра «Санкт-Петербургские вечера» и фундаментальная теория цвета Гёте подчеркивают степень распространенности исследуемых тем в европейской культуре. Автор рассматривает заявленную проблематику, используя материал из сферы философии, богословия, художественной литературы, истории изобразительного искусства.

The article continues the author’s series of works, where he examines a number of concepts, philosophems, metaphors and symbols inherent in the Russian philosophical and artistic tradition. This consideration is carried out in close connection with the history of European artistic and philosophical culture. In this case, the author explores several images and symbols inherent in both the metaphysics of unity and the Russian poetry of thought. We are talking about the ontological model of the “pyramid of light and darkness”, which arises within the framework of Platonic and Neoplatonic traditions and is very common in European culture. In some cases, it is connected with the theme of apocatastasis, especially if we talk about the metaphysics of unity. The author examines the above-mentioned topics, referring to the artistic world of E. A. Baratynsky, A. A. Blok, Andrei Bely, F. M. Dostoevsky, as well as the philosophical constructions of Nikolai Kuzansky, V. S. Solovyov, L. P. Karsavin, A. F. Losev. The introductory pages of Joseph de Maistre’s famous essay “St. Petersburg Evenings” and Goethe’s fundamental theory of color emphasize the degree of prevalence of the studied topics in European culture. The author examines the stated problems using material from the fields of philosophy, theology, fiction, and the history of fine arts.
Deskripsi Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Pada Soal Cerita Materi Pythagoras Ditinjau Dari Tipe Kepribadian Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
Authors: Choiruzzain Desca
Published: December 2024

Problem-solving skills should be possessed by every learner. In order for problem-solving to provide meaningful and profound knowledge and experiences to learners, determining problem-solving strategies can be grouped according to the nature of the problem to be solved. There are several factors influencing problem-solving skills, one of which is motivation influenced by personality. One personality type is the Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). This research aims to determine the problem-solving abilities of students in Pythagorean theorem story problems based on the Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) personality types in the eighth-grade class E of State Junior High School 23 Pontianak. The research method used is descriptive with a qualitative research design. The data sources for this research are eighth-grade students in class E, and the data include problem-solving ability test sheets, MBTI personality type questionnaires, and interview results with students. The research results show that there are 12 MBTI personality types in class E of State Junior High School 23 Pontianak, including INFP, ISFJ, ESTP, ESTJ, ISFP, INTJ, ENFP, ESFP, ISTJ, INFJ, ENTJ, ISTP. These 12 personality types can execute the problem-solving steps according to Polya's theory.Keywords: Problem Solving, Pythagorean Theorem, Polya, MBTI
Enhanced Chemical Method for Bispecific Antibody Production: Leveraging Site-Specific Conjugation and Stable Crosslinker Technology
Authors: Fujii Tomohiro , Matsuda Yutaka
Published: December 2024

Bispecific antibodies (BisAbs) represent a major breakthrough in biotherapeutics by combining the functionalities of two different antibodies to unlock their potential for a wide range of applications. Conventional BisAb production has relied on labor-intensive and complex genetic-engineering methods. This chapter introduces a cutting-edge protocol that circumvents the need for genetic modifications by using chemical conjugation strategies. We present a streamlined, fully chemical methodology for generating BisAbs that leverages the precision of the AJICAP second-generation technology for accurate site-specific conjugation. In addition, this chapter explores the application of haloketone chemistry as an improved and more effective replacement for traditional maleimide-based crosslinking techniques for the fusion of two antibody-related proteins. The analytical performance and results of the newly developed BisAb were thoroughly investigated, highlighting its high efficiency and effectiveness. This innovative approach represents a significant step forward in the production of BisAbs and offers a simpler, more accessible, and potentially scalable alternative to traditional genetic-engineering techniques.
mAb Bioprocess Engineering In-Context Table Forecasts using Conversational AI Literature Insight Generations
Authors: Kawchak Kevin
Published: December 2024

Bioprocess engineering has incorporated effective AI applications in recent years that consist of traditional approaches to training models on relevant data to then analyze and predict new and unseen data. The missing component has been the ability to process mixed data from an assortment of dissimilar information sources with high contextual awareness to inform the Human-AI team on how LLMs and other authors’ methods will further improve performance. Here, real-time web search or document retrieval methods with a max speed multiplier of over 600x by 3.5 Sonnet were obtained vs. the manuscript author regarding monoclonal antibody (mAb) bioprocess engineering kinetics across several models. ChatGPT-4o with an average score of 9/10 was the leader in quality for this task with several detailed reports that were obtained using document search addressing a paper’s specific weaknesses being improved with LLMs or two other author’s methods. This protocol was applied systematically for each of the other two papers, supported by the other two relevant bioprocess papers. o1-preview’s advanced reasoning set a new standard over five other models in processing either 136 extracellular or 101 intracellular metabolite tables, incorporating the analysis of 12 additional paper summaries across two prompts with two table revisions. For extracellular metabolites, o1-preview generated an 18 metabolite table including all metabolite forecasts that were expected to be breakthroughs due to future integration of a LLM or other author’s recent methods. The model supported its forecasts with interpretable author citations and quotations for breakthrough metabolites, along with lists of author specific and metabolite specific insights that influenced its conclusions. For intracellular metabolites, o1-preview provided a full 101 metabolite table, matching the number of entries from the original Sukwattananipaat, P., et al. table, including confirmations for each metabolite regarding whether each forecasted value was expected to be a breakthrough. Overall, this work was represented by numerous speed advantages, literature insights to address paper weaknesses, and competent o1-preview in-context table analysis with supporting evidence from leading articles represented by two 9.5/10 scores to lead the first conversational AI mAb bioprocess engineering revolution.
Synthesis and characterization of rare and highly hydrolysis-resistant boronium (+3) cations
Authors: Crowley Margaret , Stachurski Christopher , Davis James , Wierzbicki Andrzej , Salter E. Alan , O'Brien Richard , Merchant Gabriel , Trulove Paul , Durkin David , Zeller Matthias
Published: December 2024

Boronium (+3) cations, L4B3+, are rare and scarcely studied. But, thanks to their rigid tetrahedral shape and high cationic charge they may be promising tectons for creating hybrid organic-inorganic solids, especially since a single cation can serve as a nucleating center around which three anions can be assembled. However, the few boronium (+3) cations which have been reported are generally water-sensitive, a factor which is a potential impediment to the former endeavor (as is the case with many perovskite photovoltaics). Herein we report the synthesis and characterization (X-ray, NMR, DSC, TGA, CV) of multiple boronium (+3) salts, all of which are highly water stable across the 1-14 pH range. And, as a preliminary investigation of the template-tecton hypothesis, the BETI- [bis(pentafluoroethanesulfonyl)imide] salt of a representative cation was prepared. Significantly, the crystals of the latter were determined by X-ray crystallography to feature continuous, fluorine-rich veins.
Brand Strategy on the Instagram, the Visual Platform of Social media: A Study on Starbucks
Authors: Atabey Zehra
Published: December 2024

Instagram offers brands the opportunity to promote themselves effectively with online opportunities. The purpose of this study is to reveal the visual brand strategy of Starbucks, one of the most valuable brands in the world, on Instagram. In the study, according to the research of Brand Finance company, ‘Starbucks’, the world's most valuable brand in the restaurant category in 2022, was selected as a sample. Starbucks brand's 12 visual posts with the highest monthly interaction on Instagram Türkiye account in 2022 were analysed in the context of framing theory. The research is based on Lavoie's (2015) study ‘Instagram and Branding: A Case Study of Dunkin’ Donuts’. Starbucks' Türkiye Instagram posts were analyzed according to visual and text analysis categories. This study is important in terms of the strategy of Starbucks in terms of visual and text use in Instagram Türkiye posts, as a guide for those working in the field of brand and marketing. The analysis revealed that Starbucks' Türkiye Instagram account includes more product names than brand names and that the brand adopts a rational brand strategy. It was observed that Starbucks' Türkiye Instagram account uses frames that highlight the product and corporate identity (corporate color and logo).
The title as a constituent and structural component of T. G. Shevchenko's poetic works: general characteristics, specifics
Authors: Ruban Alla
Published: December 2024

The author of the article focuses on the paratextuality of "Kobzar" by T G. Shevchenko, particularly, on the relationship between the poetic texts of the collection and the titles. There made an attempt to classify the titles of the works from different positions.

The poetic book of the well-known Ukrainian author includes 237 works, only 80 of them have material names. Materially expressed titles of poems, ballads and poems are in the researcher’s special consideration.

The titles of T G. Shevchenko's poetic works are diverse in terms of substantive and factual information: they indicate the characters of the work, the place of "action", determine the main image-symbol or artistic detail, indicate information about the time. Also, T. G. Shevchenko's "Kobzar" presents trait names, symbolic names, attribute names, generalizations based on social phenomena, etc.

Special attention is focused on the extratextual information of the titles, when their basis is not only the content of the work, but its associative connection with other aesthetic objects: allusions that testify to the connection with the folklore national-cultural context; allusions to the biblical text; allusions based on a connection with a specific person; borrowing titles; genre headings; names based on persistent phrases or aphorisms.

In general terms, the author of the article analyzes zero titles. The characteristics of "technical" names by "theme" is presented (the lexical and syntactic features of the first phrase are used): name-phrases in which there is the author's assessment and the assessment of the characters, there is a hint of philosophical reflections, landscape description, dreams, warnings, memories, etc. It is noted that this classification of zero titles is conditional and does not fully convey the philosophical content of the works, somewhat impoverishes their poetic symbolism and only to some extent adjusts to the previous perception of the text.
The causes of mistakes in the translation of German pronouns into Ukrainian
Authors: Shadrina Oleksandra , Shopin Pavlo
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the causes of mistakes made by students when translating German pronouns into Ukrainian and the ways to avoid such mistakes. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that students regularly make mistakes when translating German pronouns into Ukrainian, which leads to misunderstanding and significantly decreases the quality of the translated text. This research paper will help make translation training more effective and improve the results of students’ translation work. The materials of the study are translations from German into Ukrainian made by student translators as part of the work of the academic student circle Translation Practice in Action in the Department of Applied Linguistics, Comparative Language Studies and Translation at the Dragomanov Ukrainian State University. The research methodology is based on the analysis and comparison of original texts, draft, and published translations. This approach made it possible to identify a number of mistakes and categorize them into the following groups of German pronouns: personal pronouns, the indefinite personal pronoun man, possessive pronouns, interrogative pronouns, the negative pronoun kein, the reflexive pronoun sich, and the demonstrative and relative pronouns. The study resulted in the identification of the main causes of mistakes in the translation of German pronouns into Ukrainian: misunderstanding or inattention to the context; the same forms of the indicative and relative pronouns and articles in German; the ability of the pronoun man to indicate a specific person; the ambiguity of German pronoun forms (e.g., sie, ihr); changes during translation in the grammatical gender, number and case of the pronouns and the nouns to which they refer. To avoid such mistakes, translators should carefully read and understand the original text and context, take into account the specific meaning and function of pronouns, and consider the differences in grammatical gender, number, and case between Ukrainian and German nouns and pronouns. The translation of German pronouns into Ukrainian requires a comprehensive understanding of not only language structures but also the context in which they are utilized.
Axiolinguistic Characteristics of Poverty in the Ukrainian Language and Linguistic Culture
Authors: Iarotska Galyna
Published: December 2024

The verbal objectification of subjective features and society's assessment of the economic status of a certain segment of the population are of interest in this linguistic and cultural study, which aims to diachronically and synchronously analyze the conceptualization of poverty in Ukrainian linguistic culture and in the language consciousness. The peculiarity of the process of forming the economic identification of a person is that there are objective signs of a person's property status that have a pronounced national, socio-economic, cultural and regional character. These objective features are also conditioned by systemic, linguistic and linguistic-cultural factors that have a significant impact on the value level of collective and individual economic consciousness. We also focused on the study of the perception and interpretation of the concept of "poverty" by modern Ukrainians. To do this, we used the methods of questionnaires and an association experiment. First, we provided the definition of "poverty" by economic science and sociology, considering also the concepts of "psychology of poverty" and economic identification; second, we analyzed the concept of "poverty" in the historical perspective on the basis of dictionary information by creating a nominative space of the concept; third, we turned to experimental methods, namely, an association experiment and a questionnaire survey. The results showed that modern native speakers no longer perceive poverty as a manifestation of evil fate or God's punishment, but as a result, on the one hand, of their own inability to earn enough money, or, on the other hand, as a consequence of economic crises and hardships that cause a person's material condition to deteriorate. A person who is poor or in need has to take responsibility for himself or herself and not expect help from other people. The perception and interpretation of concepts from the nominal space of poverty has certain differences compared to the interpretation by historical dictionaries. Thus, a poor person cannot even count on sympathy, because his poverty is the result of his inaction, laziness, etc.
Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek STEM “Water Level Sensor” Dalam Mendukung Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila Pada Kurikulum Merdeka
Authors: Hutabarat Christina Ester Manthalina , Wulanningtyas Melania Eva , Hapsara Satriya Ary , Yuliana Erlin
Published: December 2024

Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memperlengkapi guru melalui Pelatuhan Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek STEM untuk memperkuat Profil Pelajar Pancasila dalam kerangka Kurikulum Merdeka. Pengabdian ini dilakukan di SMA Katolik Yos Sudarso Karawang dengan membawakan topik STEM yaitu merancang sensor alarm gempa dalam pembuatan Smart City. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah guru dapat menerapkan pembelajaran berbasis STEM pada pembuatan Smart City untuk memperkuat Profil Pelajar Pancasila dalam kerangka Kurikulum Merdeka. Dengan mengintegrasikan proyek ini, siswa terlibat dalam pembelajaran interdisipliner yang mendukung siswa mampu bernalar kritis, mandiri, gotong royong, dan kreatif. Pendekatan ini direkomendasikan sebagai strategi dalam pelaksanaan kurikulum guna mempersiapkan siswa menghadapi tantangan masa depan dan menanamkan nilai-nilai Pancasila.
Keywords: Kurikulum Merdeka, P5, Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek, STEM
A Generalized and Efficient Equivalent Circuit Model for Frequency Selective Surfaces
Authors: Miao Wuxia , Zhang Lamei , Zou Bin , Ding Ye
Published: December 2024

Owing to their excellent intuitiveness and simplicity, equivalent circuit models (ECMs) are widely used to investigate and design frequency selective surfaces (FSSs). However, the generalization and accuracy of ECM has been a contentious issue, especially with regard to the requirement for analyzing diverse and numerous FSSs versus the restrictions applied to it. To address this problem, a generalized and efficient equivalent circuit model (GE-ECM), characterized by the feasibility of dealing with multiple sizes, broadband, and large oblique incidences, is proposed in this study to design FSSs and analyze their electromagnetic performance. In contrast to related works, gap and width factors are accounted for in the proposed GE-ECM to recalibrate the reactance and susceptance of the physical model, respectively. Additionally, normalized sizes of structure periods are introduced to further extend its generalization. Good agreement is achieved between the frequency responses of the GE-ECM and the electromagnetic software CST. Furthermore, excellent adaptation to multiple sizes and broadband is achieved from 0 GHz to 20 GHz, with the average relative error of the resonant frequency being only 1.19% for all sizes. Fabrication and measurements were conducted to verify the practicability of the proposed GE-ECM, with all results confirming its accuracy and universality in interpreting electromagnetic performance, thus establishing a reliable theoretical guideline for designing more complex FSSs.
A Signal Processing Algorithm for Interference Suppression of Automotive Radar Using an Auxiliary Receiver
Authors: Lee Sanghyun , Park Jaehyun , Shin Mingeon , Kim Byungsung , Song Reem
Published: December 2024

In this work, we propose an automotive radar system equipped with an add-on receiver (RX) capable of sensing and suppressing interference signals. The add-on RX is designed to filter out target signals, allowing only signals from interferers to exist in the add-on RX. By setting the add-on RX’s local oscillator (LO) frequency higher than the original RX’s LO, the intermediate frequency of the interference signals in the RXs occurs in two separate time zones, enabling their identification and cancelation in the time domain. In both RXs, burstlike interference signals are searched for, and their phase information is acquired through Hilbert transform. Subsequently, the interference signal identified in the add-on RX is phase- and time-shifted using a phase recovery and time-shifting algorithm. The compensated interference signal is then subtracted from the signal in the original RX, leaving only the target signals in the original RX. Simulation results show that the interference signal is successfully suppressed, and a hidden target signal is recovered.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ МИКРОСТРУКТУРЫ ПЕРОВСКИТОПОДОБНЫХ ОКСИДОВ СИСТЕМЫ LaMnO3 - LaFeO3
Authors: Герасимов Е.Ю. , Жирнова А.С. , Смаль Е.А. , Почтарь А.А.
Published: December 2024

Твердые растворы номинального состава La1-y□yMn1-xFexO3±δ (y= 0, 0.1, 0.2, x=0.5, 0.55, 0.58) с нестехиометрическим содержанием катионов La были синтезированы методом полимерно – солевых композиций и охарактеризованы комплексом физико-химических методов. Показано, что увеличение степени допирования катионами Fe приводит к уменьшению размеров частиц твердых растворов с сохранением структуры перовскита. Методом ПЭМВР зафиксировано обогащение частиц катионами Fe и наличие разупорядоченных слоев кристаллической структуры на поверхности перовскитной фазы. По данным термогравиметрии для состава с x=0.58 характерна меньшая потеря массы, что, по – видимому, связано с частичной блокировкой поверхности перовскитной фазы разупорядоченными слоями, обогащенными Fe.