bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Radiomics Nomogram for Preoperative Prediction of Microvascular Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yang Li , Gu Dongsheng , Wei Jingwei , Yang Chun , Rao Shengxiang , Wang Wentao , Chen Caizhong , Ding Ying , Tian Jie , Zeng Mengsu
Published: November 2018

Background: Radiomics has emerged as a new approach that can help identify imaging information associated with tumor pathophysiology. We developed and validated a radiomics nomogram for preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion (MVI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Two hundred and eight patients with pathologically confirmed HCC (training cohort: n = 146; validation cohort: n = 62) who underwent preoperative gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging were included. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression was applied to select features and construct signatures derived from MR images. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the significant clinicoradiological variables and radiomics signatures associated with MVI, which were then incorporated into the predictive nomogram. The performance of the radiomics nomogram was evaluated by its calibration, discrimination, and clinical utility. Results: Higher α-fetoprotein level (p = 0.046), nonsmooth tumor margin (p = 0.003), arterial peritumoral enhancement (p < 0.001), and the radiomics signatures of hepatobiliary phase (HBP) T1-weighted images (p < 0.001) and HBP T1 maps (p < 0.001) were independent risk factors of MVI. The predictive model that incorporated the clinicoradiological factors and the radiomic features derived from HBP images outperformed the combination of clinicoradiological factors in the training cohort (area under the curves [AUCs] 0.943 vs. 0.850; p = 0.002), though the validation did not have a statistical significance (AUCs 0.861 vs. 0.759; p = 0.111). The nomogram based on the model exhibited C-index of 0.936 (95% CI 0.895–0.976) and 0.864 (95% CI 0.761–0.967) in the training and validation cohort, fitting well in calibration curves (p > 0.05). Decision curve analysis further confirmed the clinical usefulness of the nomogram. Conclusions: The nomogram incorporating clinicoradiological risk factors and radiomic features derived from HBP images achieved satisfactory preoperative prediction of the individualized risk of MVI in patients with HCC.
The Human Salivary Antimicrobial Peptide Profile according to the Oral Microbiota in Health, Periodontitis and Smoking
Authors: Grant Melissa , Kilsgård Ola , Åkerman Sigvard , Klinge Björn , Demmer Ryan T. , Malmström Johan , Jönsson Daniel
Published: November 2018

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a diverse family of peptides that defend the mucosal surfaces of the oral cavity and other locations. Many AMPs have multiple functions and properties that influence aspects of innate defense and colonization by microorganisms. The human oral cavity is home to the second-most diverse microbiome, and the health of the mouth is influenced by the presence of these bacteria as well as by extrinsic factors such as periodontitis and smoking. This study hypothesized that the AMP profile is different in the presence of extrinsic factors and that this would also be reflected in the bacteria present. The AMP profile was analyzed by quantitative selected-reaction-monitoring mass spectrometry analysis and 40 bacterial species were quantified by DNA-DNA hybridization in saliva donated by 41 individuals. Periodontal status was assessed through dental examination and smoking status through medical charting. Periodontal health (in nonsmokers) was associated with a higher abundance of ribonuclease 7, protachykinin 1, β-defensin 128, lipocalin 1, bactericidal permeability-increasing protein fold-containing family B member 3, and bone-marrow proteoglycan. Nonsmoking periodontal disease was associated with an abundance of neutrophil defensin 1 and cathelicidin. However, 7 AMPs were overabundant in periodontal disease in smokers: adrenomedullin, eosinophil peroxidase, 3 different histones, myeloperoxidase, and neutrophil defensin 1. There were no differentially abundant AMPs in smokers versus nonsmokers with periodontal health. Correlation network inference of healthy nonsmokers, healthy smokers, nonsmoking periodontitis, or smoking periodontitis donors demonstrated very different networks growing in complexity with increasing numbers of stressors. The study highlights the importance of the interaction between the oral cavity and its resident microbiota and how this may be influenced by periodontal disease and smoking.
Self-Reported Skin Changes by a Selected Number of Astronauts after Long-Duration Mission on ISS as Part of the Skin B Project
Authors: Braun Nicole , Thomas Simone , Tronnier Hagen , Heinrich Ulrike
Published: November 2018

Background: One of the most challenging and important factors of manned space missions is to keep astronauts healthy on orbit. In a study on 46 ISS crew members who were on 6-month (average) missions, skin rashes were the most self-reported event. Furthermore, among notable events, 40% were classified as skin rashes/hypersensitivities. Thus, especially skin conditions during space travel are of major clinical interest and require further research. Aims: The aim of the study was to determine skin conditions in space flight among US and European astronauts, especially taking into account the terrestrial skin conditions as well as on-orbit skin care habits. Methods: A preflight questionnaire was given to the astronauts asking about their terrestrial skin care habits and skin conditions/atopy before launch. In addition, they were asked to fill out a postflight questionnaire asking about their on-orbit skin care routine and whether any special observations regarding the skin were made during flight. Results: A total of 23 skin symptoms were recorded by 8 nonatopic astronauts (mean age: 41 years) during the mission. The symptoms were peeling (21.74%), rash (17.39%), dryness (13.04%), severe dryness (8.70%), reddening (8.70%), itchiness (8.70%), bruising (4.35%), skin sensitivity (4.34%), bumps (4.35%), acne (4.35%) and slow healing of contusions and lacerations (4.35%). Especially the hands and feet were affected by skin problems. As a result of this examination, it was shown that the skin symptoms correlate with poor hygiene on orbit, whereas the factor “environment” on the ISS plays a minor role. Surprisingly, 2 astronauts even experienced positive effects on their skin. Conclusion: Based on these preliminary data, it is important to pay more attention to skin hygiene and maintenance in space.
Risk Factors for Ureteral Damage in Ureteroscopic stone Treatment: Results of the German Prospective Multicentre Benchmarks of Ureterorenoscopic Stone Treatment-Results in Terms of Complications, Quality of Life, and Stone-Free Rates Project
Authors: Lebentrau Steffen , Müller Philippe-Fabian , Miernik Arkadiusz , Schönthaler Martin , Gilfrich Christian , Peter Julia , Schostak Martin , May Matthias ,   BUSTER study group
Published: November 2018

Background: The Post-Ureteroscopic Lesion Scale (PULS) is a validated, standardised scale that classifies iatrogenic ureteral lesions during ureteroscopy (URS). Objective: To determine risk factors for the various PULS-grades caused by URS. Method: We prospectively investigated the independent influence of various risk factors in correlation with PULS-Grade 1+ and 2+ on 307 patients with ureterorenoscopic stone treatment from 14 German urologic departments. Results: The following are the outcomes of the study: 117 (38.4%) and 188 (61.6%) of the calculi (median stone size 6 mm) were found in the kidney or ureter; 70% and 82.4% underwent preoperative or postoperative ureteral stenting; 44.3 and 7.2% received laser or ballistic lithotripsy; 60% of the patients presented with PULS grade 1+ and 8% with PULS grade of 2+. Only intracorporal lithotripsy revealed a significant independent risk factor for PULS grade 1+ or 2+. Both laser and ballistic therapies raised the probability of PULS grade 1+ by the factors 3.6 (p < 0.001) and 3.9 (p = 0.021), respectively. The ORs in conjunction with PULS grade 2+ were 3.1 (p = 0.038) and 5.8 (p = 0.014) respectively. Neither endpoint exhibited a significant difference regarding the lithotripsic procedure (laser vs. ballistic). Conclusion: Intracorporal lithotripsy is associated with a significant increase in damage to the ureter; further research is needed to determine its long-term effects.
Alpha-Lipoic Acid Preconditioning and Ischaemic Postconditioning Synergistically Protect Rats from Cerebral Injury Induced by Ischemia and Reperfusion Partly via Inhibition TLR4/MyD88/ NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhang Jing , Xiao Fan , Zhang Lieliang , Wang Xifeng , Lai Xiaoyang , Shen Yunfeng , Zhang Meiying , Zhou Bin , Lang Haili , Yu Peng , Hua Fuzhou
Published: November 2018

Background/Aims: A combination of alpha-lipoic acid preconditioning (ALAP) and ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) has not been tested in an in vivo rat cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion injury (I/RI) model, and the potential protective mechanisms have not been well elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the TLR4/ MyD88/ NF-κB signaling pathway in the synergistically neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of ALAP and IPC. Methods: One hundred and fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 180-230 g, were randomly divided into the following 5 groups: 1) sham-operated control; 2) I/R; 3) I/R+ALAP; 4) I/R+IPC; 5) I/R+IPC+ALAP. After 2 h of reperfusion, the infarct size, neurological deficit scores, brain oedema, oxidative stress, and inflammatory and apoptotic biomarkers were assessed. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell apoptosis were detected by DHE staining and TUNEL staining, respectively. Results: Both ALAP and IPC treatment attenuated the I/RI-induced neuronal injury, reflected by reductions in the infarct size, neurological deficit scores, brain oedema, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and the inflammatory response, as well as decreased HMGB1, TLR4, MyD88, p65, C-Caspase 3 and Bax expression and increased IKB-α, HO-1, SOD-2 and Bcl-2 expression compared to that in the I/R group. Furthermore, the combination of the two strategies had synergistic anti-inflammatory effects and antioxidant benefits, ultimately limiting neuronal apoptosis. Conclusion: The ‘cocktail’ strategy exhibited a significant neuroprotection against I/RI by attenuating neuroinflammation via inhibition of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.
ЦУКРОВА ЗАЛЕЖНІСТЬ В ДІТЕЙ. ПРИЧИНИ ВИНИКНЕННЯ ТА СПОСОБИ ПОДОЛАННЯ
Authors: Nadtochiy K. O.
Published: November 2018

Стаття присвячена проблемі виникнення цукрової залежності та її впливу на фізичне та психічне здоров’я людини, і дитини зокрема.
Association between self-efficacy and sociodemographic and clinical variables in patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Nascimento Renata Aparecida Do , Pedrosa Rafaela Batista dos Santos , Trevisan Danilo Donizetti , Lima Maria Helena de Melo , São-joão Thais Moreira , Rodrigues Roberta Cunha Matheus
Published: November 2018

Model of study: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Objective: to evaluate the association between self-efficacy and socio-demographic and clinical variables in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Method: The sample was composed by 111 patients with T2DM in use of insulin, in primary health care units and outpatient setting in the southeast region of São Paulo state, Brazil. Sociodemographic data were gathered using validated questionnaire and clinical data were obtained from medical and health records. Self-efficacy was assessed by the Brazilian version of Insulin Management Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale (IMDSES). The data were submitted to descriptive and comparative analyses using Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis to verify association between socio-demographic/clinical variables and self-efficacy. Results: Self-efficacy was associated with schooling level and presence of comorbidities, such as coronary artery disease, dyslipidemia, obesity, peripheral arterial disease and peripheral neuropathy. Conclusion: The findings provide support to the design some specifics interventions aimed at improving the selfefficacy of patients with T2DM on insulin use.
Qualidade de vida e eventos adversos de pacientes com epilepsia farmacorresistente em uso de lamotrigina
Authors: Baldoni André De Oliveira , Freitas-Lima Priscila , Alexandre Veriano , Mota Karolini De Faria , Martinez Edson Zangiacomi , Sakamoto Americo Ceiki , Pereira Leonardo Regis Leira
Published: November 2018

Modelo do estudo: Estudo transversal. Introdução: O tratamento farmacológico é a primeira opção para o tratamento da epilepsia, e cerca de 40% dos pacientes necessitam de politerapia para melhor controle das crises epilépticas, o que pode estar associado ao aumento de eventos adversos e comprometimento da qualidade de vida. Objetivos: Avaliar a qualidade de vida de pacientes com epilepsia farmacoresistente em uso de lamotrigina (LTG), bem como verificar a associação dos eventos adversos dos antiepilépticos com a qualidade de vida. Metodologia: Este estudo transversal foi realizado com 75 pacientes com epilepsia farmacorresistente em uso LTG atendidos em um Ambulatório de Epilepsia de Difícil Controle de Ribeirão Preto-SP, no período de maio/2011 a abril/2012. As variáveis clínicas analisadas foram a qualidade de vida (Quality of Life in Epilepsy - Qolie-31) e o perfil de eventos adversos (AEP – Adverse Events Profile Questionnaire). Dados sociodemográficos e farmacoterapêuticos foram coletados através dos prontuários dos pacientes. Este trabalho foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMRP-USP), cujo número do processo é 8791/2010. Resultados: Os eventos adversos mais frequentes foram sonolência e dificuldade de concentração. Além disso, observou-se baixos escores em todos os domínios relacionados à qualidade de vida (Qolie-31). Conclusão: A qualidade de vida possui associação inversamente significativa com os eventos adversos, nos pacientes em uso de antiepilépticos (p<0,01).
Biodireito e legislação na reprodução assistida
Authors: Araujo Julia Picinato Medeiros de , Araujo Carlos Henrique Medeiros de
Published: November 2018

O biodireito é um ramo da ciência jurídica, e por essa lente podemos analisar os princípios e normas que influenciam e modificam as relações com o Estado e entre os próprios indivíduos, quando tratarem sobre a vida e dos direitos fundamentais dos indivíduos envolvidos. Os principais princípios analisados da bioética são: beneficência, autonomia, justiça, respeito pela pessoa e do consentimento informado. As pesquisas buscam trazer foco na legislação brasileira a respeito do assunto, a fim de propor uma maior abordagem para facilitar a compreensão das pessoas envolvidas no processo de Reprodução Assistida, tanto pacientes como profissionais. As normas analisadas foram a Constituição Federal, o Código Civil Brasileiro e as Resoluções do Conselho Federal de Medicina (CFM). O texto trata de assuntos polêmicos que envolvem pacientes, equipe multiprofissional e sociedade, pois ao analisar as técnicas de Reprodução Assistida há inúmeras indagações como por exemplo quais os direitos e deveres envolvidos, qual o limite do uso dessas técnicas para ter como resultado a gravidez e quais os direitos fundamentais que estão sendo preservados. Alguns pontos discutidos no trabalho são da cessão temporária do útero, doação de material genético, criopreservação e Reprodução Assistida post-mortem, entre outros. Assim, o desenvolvimento do tema exposto se dá em três momentos, sendo o primeiro o biodireito e os direitos humanos do ponto de vista da Reprodução Assistida, bem como as técnicas utilizadas, em seguida o estudo da legislação brasileira e por fim os aspectos polêmicos e discussões a respeito do tema.
Bringing ALife and Complex Systems Science to Population Health Research
Authors: Silverman Eric
Published: November 2018

Despite tremendous advancements in population health in recent history, human society currently faces significant challenges from wicked health problems. These are problems where the causal mechanisms at play are obscured and difficult to address, and consequently they have defied efforts to develop effective interventions and policy solutions using traditional population health methods. Systems-based perspectives are vital to the development of effective policy solutions to seemingly intractable health problems like obesity and population aging. ALife in particular is well placed to bring interdisciplinary modeling and simulation approaches to bear on these challenges. This article summarizes the current status of systems-based approaches in population health, and outlines the opportunities that are available for ALife to make a significant contribution to these critical issues.
On the typification of Bolanthus cherlerioides (Bornm.) Bark. (Caryophyllaceae)
Authors: YILDIZBAŞ AVNI , KOÇ MURAT
Published: November 2018

The genus Bolanthus (Ser.) Rchb. (1841: 205) (Caryophyllaceae Juss.) includes 24 taxa mostly occurring along the coasts of eastern Mediterranean regions (Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Greece, Isreal, and Turkey) (Barkoudah 1962). The genus is represented by 8 taxa in the Europaean flora and by 6 taxa in Syria, Palestine, Isreal and Lebanon (Barkoudah 1962, Zohary 1966, Barkoudah 1993). All of the taxa that are distributed in Europe are known from Greece and East Aegean Islands, Phitos (1997).
Description of a new blind species of Heterokamaka (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Kamakidae) from Dianshan Lake, China
Authors: HOU ZHONGE , PAN YITAO , LI SHUQIANG
Published: November 2018

In family Kamakidae, genera Kamaka and Heterokamaka possess fused urosomites 1 and 2. Kamaka is widely distributed in West Pacific, including nine species. Heterokamaka is very similar to Kamaka, except lamellate article 3 of the mandibular palp and long antenna 2. In this paper, a new species of Heterokamaka is described and illustrated in detail and the distributions of Kamaka and Heterokamaka are provided.
Report on freshwater Catenulida (Platyhelminthes) from Sweden with the description of four new species
Authors: LARSSON KAROLINA , WILLEMS WIM
Published: November 2018

This contribution is one of the very first reports on Swedish species of freshwater Catenulida, a group of free-living, small flatworms. A total of 13 species were collected from 33 localities all over the country. Four species, all belonging to the taxon Stenostomum, are new to science. S. gotlandense n. sp., found on Gotland, has small ciliated pits located more posteriorly than other species of Stenostomum, large anterior brain lobes and a large mouth opening with peculiar wrinkles of the proximal rim of the pharynx. S. handoelense n. sp., from Jämtland, has long ciliated pits and a mobile prostomium with a lined appearance due to “metamerical” anterior brain lobes. S. heebuktense n. sp., from Bohuslän, has small ciliated pits and an extremely large and muscular pharynx which, in living animals, is bluish. S. steveoi n. sp., found in the provinces Bohuslän and Småland, has small ciliated pits and a large rectangular mouth opening. The remaining 9 species are illustrated and commented upon where necessary. For the sake of completeness three undescribed species are mentioned. Some general remarks on identification of catenulid species are given.
Key to species of the subgenus Chlaenioctenus (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Chlaeniini: Chlaenius), with description of two new species
Authors: LIU YE , LIANG HONGBIN , KAVANAUGH DAVID H. , YANG MAOFA
Published: November 2018

Eight species of the subgenus Chlaenioctenus of genus Chlaenius are recognized from Asia, with two new species described from China: Chlaenius (Chlaenioctenus) piligenys Liu and Liang, new species (type locality: Taiwan), and C. (C.) rotundithorax Liu and Kavanaugh, new species (type locality: Yunnan). Two species, C. (C.) freyi Jedlička, 1960 and C. (C.) pectinipes Bates, 1892 are redescribed based on type specimens. Photographs of C. (C.) schillhammeri Kirschenhofer, 2003 and a key to all known species of subgenus Chlaenioctenus are provided.
Systematics of the ectoparasitic quill mites of the genus Aulobia Kethley, 1970 (Acari: Syringophilidae) with the description of a new species
Authors: SKORACKI MACIEJ , HENDRICKS SARAH A. , SPICER GREG S.
Published: November 2018

A new species of the genus Aulobia is described and figured: A. cardueli sp. nov. found inside the quill feathers of the Lesser Goldfinch Carduelis psaltria (Say) (Passeriformes: Fringillidae) from the USA. Additionally, A. dendroicae (Clark, 1964) is redescribed and Syringophilopsis sylviettae Fain et al., 2000 is transferred to the genus Aulobia. A key to all named species is given. Distribution and host association of mites of this genus are summarized in tabular form.
A new Platocoelotes species and first description of the male of Platocoelotes icohamatoides from Hunan, China (Araneae: Amaurobiidae: Coelotinae)
Authors: YIN HAIQIANG , XU XIANG , YAN HENGMEI
Published: November 2018

We describe a new coelotine species, Platocoelotes bifidus sp. nov. and the male of Platocoelotes icohamatoides (Peng & Wang) from Hunan Province of China. Platocoelotes found only in caves (nine species) consistently differ from Platocoelotes found in surface habitats (or both cave and surface habitats; six species) in some genitalic characters (only one patellar apophysis, very short cymbial furrow, simple spermathecae). Nevertheless, the entire genus is united by the presence of a conductor ventral apophysis on the male palp, a broad, shallow atrium, and distinct epigynal hoods. We briefly discuss the distribution and diversity of cave-associated species of Platocoelotes.
Taxonomic study of the genus Nemapogon Schrank from China (Lepidoptera: Tineidae)
Authors: XIAO YUNLI , LI HOUHUN
Published: November 2018

The genus Nemapogon Schrank, 1802 is reviewed in China. Nemapogon flabellata sp. nov., N. bidentata sp. nov. and N. ningshanensis sp. nov. are described as new; N. robusta Gaedike, 2000 and N. inconditella (Lucas, 1956) are newly recorded for China. Photographs of the adults and the genital structures are provided, along with a key to the known Chinese species.
Two new species of Prionocyphon Redtenbacher from Taiwan (Coleoptera: Scirtidae), with notes on Prionocyphon, Mescirtes Motschulsky and Prionoscirtes Champion from East and Southeast Asia
Authors: RUTA RAFAŁ
Published: November 2018

Prionocyphon costipennis sp. nov. and P. macrodascilloides sp. nov. are described from North Taiwan. Orientoprionocyphon Klausnitzer is a new synonym of Mescirtes Motschulsky. Prionocyphon herthae Klausnitzer, Prionocyphon laosensis Yoshitomi et Satô, Prionocyphon rutai Klausnitzer, Prionocyphon ruthsteuerae Klausnitzer, Prionocyphon weigeli Klausnitzer, and Prionocyphon yoshitomii Klausnitzer are transferred to Mescirtes. Prionocyphon picigrandis is a new substitute name for Cyphon grande Pic (nec Cyphon grandis Tournier). Prionocyphon minusculus Klausnitzer is transferred to Mescirtes. Prionocyphon ovalis Kiesenwetter is reported from China for the first time. A key to the genera of Scirtidae with modified antennae, and a key to the East and Southeast Asian species of Prionocyphon are included. A catalogue of Mescirtes, Prionocyphon and Prionoscirtes inhabiting East and Southeast Asia is presented.
Two new species of the genus Kamaka (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Kamakidae) from Songkhla Lagoon, southern Thailand
Authors: ARIYAMA HIROYUKI , ANGSUPANICH SAOWAPA , RODCHAROEN EKNARIN
Published: November 2018

Two new species of the genus Kamaka Dershavin, 1923 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Kamakidae) are described from Songkhla Lagoon in southern Thailand. Kamaka appendiculata sp. nov. has unique lamellate appendix on peduncle of antenna 2 in adult male. Kamaka songkhlaensis sp. nov. has swelled peduncular article 4 of antenna 2 and wide propodus of gnathopod 2 in adult male. Morphological characters of K. songkhlaensis closely resemble those of K. poppi Bamber, 2003 from Hong Kong and K. taditadi Thomas & Barnard, 1991 from Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and Malaysia; however, K. songkhlaensis can be distinguished from K. poppi by the peduncular article 4 of male antenna 2 without distal spine and the convex distal margin of propodus of male gnathopod 2, and from K. taditadi in the right-angled posteroventral corner of male coxa 1 and the propodus of male gnathopod 2 without blunt triangular process on anterior margin.
North West Pacific deep-sea barnacles (Cirripedia, Thoracica) collected by the TAIWAN expeditions, with descriptions of two new species
Authors: CHAN BENNY K. K. , PRABOWO ROMANUS EDY , LEE KWEN-SHEN
Published: November 2018

Taiwan is a large island in north western Pacific waters with the sea floor connecting to two major deep-sea basins, the eastern waters facing the Pacific Ocean (to 4000 m depth) and linking to the Philippine Basin, whilst south western waters are associated with the South China Sea Basin (up to 1000 m). Previously, the biodiversity of Taiwanese deep-sea barnacles had not been studied extensively, due to a lack of deep-sea expeditions and sampling. Recently, several TAIWAN deep-sea cruises investigated the biodiversity of the deep-sea fauna of Taiwan and sampling was conducted to depths of 4000 m. The present study reports on the biodiversity of the deep-sea barnacles of Taiwan, a total of 18 species. One species was previously recorded from Taiwanese waters and 17 are new records, including two new species belong to the genera Litoscalpellum and Altiverruca.
A new species of Leptolalax (Anura: Megophryidae) from Mizoram, North-eastern India
Authors: SENGUPTA SAIBAL , SAILO SAIPARI , LALREMSANGA H. T. , DAS ABHIJIT , DAS INDRANEIL
Published: November 2018

A new species of megophryid frog of the genus Leptolalax is described from the Tamdil wetlands of Mizoram State, north-eastern India. L. tamdil new species, is compared with congeners from India and other parts of south-east Asia. The new species is diagnosable in showing the following combination of characters: SVL 32.3 mm in the only male and 31.8 mm in the only female known; dorsum tuberculate; eyelids with tubercles; tympanum and supratympanic fold distinct; supratympanic fold extending to posterior edge of tympanum; macroglands, including preaxillary, pectoral, femoral and ventrolateral glands present; Finger II > I; toe tips not dilated, bearing dermal fringes; relatively long hind limbs, with heels in contact when limbs are held perpendicular to body; dorsum with dark blotches; flanks with small dark blotches; dark tympanic mask present; venter pale; labial bars present and limbs with dark cross-bars.
A taxonomic revision of the family Harrimaniidae (Hemichordata: Enteropneusta) with descriptions of seven species from the Eastern Pacific
Authors: DELAND C. , CAMERON C. B. , RAO K. P. , RITTER W. E. , BULLOCK T. H.
Published: November 2018

The family Harrimaniidae (Hemichordata: Enteropneusta) is revised on the basis of morphological characters. The number of harrimaniid genera is increased to nine by the addition of Horstia n. gen., Mesoglossus n. gen., Ritteria n. gen. and Saxipendium, a genus previously assigned to the monospecific family Saxipendiidae. The number of species is increased to 34, resulting from the description of five new species from the eastern Pacific — Horstia kincaidi, Mesoglossus intermedius, M. macginitiei, Protoglossus mackiei and Ritteria ambigua. A description is supplied for a sixth harrimaniid species, Stereobalanus willeyi Ritter & Davis, 1904, which previously had the status of a nomen nudum. Four harrimaniids previously assigned to the genus Saccoglossus are transfered to the genus Mesoglossus — M. bournei, M. caraibicus, M. gurneyi and M. pygmaeus, while Saccoglossus borealis is reassigned to the genus Harrimania. Notes on habitat and zoogeography are included for the seven foregoing species and a table of diagnostic characters for existing and new species and a dichotomous key to the enteropneust families and harrimaniid genera are provided. Finally, a phylogenetic hypothesis concerning the Harrimaniidae is postulated, with discussion on the evolution of the group.
The Akodon boliviensis species group (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) in Argentina: species limits and distribution, with the description of a new entity
Authors: JAYAT J. PABLO , ORTIZ PABLO E. , SALAZAR-BRAVO JORGE , PARDIÑAS ULYSES F. J. , D’ELÍA GUILLERMO
Published: November 2018

Akodon, with about 42 living species, is the most diverse genus of the subfamily Sigmodontinae. The Akodon boliviensis species group includes small-bodied, morphologically similar forms inhabiting Altiplano grasslands and grassland/forest ecotones of the eastern slope of the Andes, from central Peru to central Argentina. Northwestern Argentina contains the largest diversity of species of the group; the taxonomic treatment of these species has been based largely on unsupported and some weakly based opinions as underscored by recurrent changes. Based on morphologic and molecular data we assessed species limits among Argentinean populations of the Akodon boliviensis species group. We conclude that four species of the A. boliviensis species group inhabit northwestern Argentina. These are: A. boliviensis; A. caenosus (under which we synonymyze A. aliquantulus); A. spegazzinii (of which the nominal forms alterus, leucolimnaeus, and tucumanensis are junior synonyms); and A. sylvanus. Additionally, we described here a new species of the A. boliviensis species group, Akodon polopi, which inhabits central Argentina. This is the only species of the A. boliviensis species group inhabiting the Sierras Grandes range (ca. 2000 m), mountain system of medium height, isolated (ca., 600 km) from the main Andean chain by low elevation arid and semiarid environments. Additionally, our phylogenetic analyses suggests that the Akodon varius species group is polyphyletic.
Description of Podosilis geukdongensis n. sp. (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) from South Korea
Authors: KANG TAE HWA , Lee Young Bo , PARK HAE CHUL
Published: November 2018

Podosilis geukdongensis n. sp. from South Korea is described, illustrated and compared with the closely related species P. omissa (Wittmer, 1954). The P. omissa group is established and defined.
Type species of genera in Aphididae (Hemiptera Sternorrhyncha) with two new generic synonymies
Authors: NAFRÍA JUAN M. NIETO , FAVRET COLIN , DURANTE M. PILAR MIER , SANO MASAKAZU , AKIMOTO SHIN-ICHI , BARBAGALLO SEBASTIANO , CHAKRABARTI SAMIRAN , MILLER GARY L. , HIDALGO NICOLÁS PÉREZ , QIAO GE-XIA , STEKOLSHCHIKOV ANDREY V. , WEGIEREK PIOTR
Published: November 2018

The aphidologist community attending the Seventh International Symposium on Aphids in Fremantle (Western Australia, 2005) entrusted to us the preparation of a Part of the List of Available Names in Zoology devoted to the aphid genus-group taxa names, and this to be presented at the subsequent aphid symposium. During the course of our work (Nieto Nafría et al. 2009), we checked each genus to make sure its type species designation conformed to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999) ―henceforth The Code and The Commission―, and that these designations were correctly represented in the literature, especially the two most recent taxonomic catalogues (Eastop & Hille Ris Lambers 1976; Remaudière & Remaudière 1997).
Deep-sea ascidians (Chordata, Tunicata) from the SW Atlantic: species richness with descriptions of two new species
Authors: MAGGIONI TAMARA , TAVERNA ANABELA , REYNA PAOLA B. , ALURRALDE GASTÓN , RIMONDINO CLARA , TATIÁN MARCOS
Published: November 2018

The understudied deep-sea benthic communities from the Southwestern Atlantic continental slope (200 m–3000 m depth) were sampled on August 2012 in an area located around 38°S that included the Mar del Plata submarine canyon. In these samplings we found a total of 16 ascidian species from six different families, of which two corresponded to new species. These were: Aplidium meridianum (Sluiter, 1906); Aplidium variabile (Herdman, 1886); Aplidium marplatensis Maggioni & Tatián (sp. nov. present work); Aplidium solitarium Maggioni & Tatián (sp. nov. present work); Synoicum georgianum Sluiter, 1932; Synoicum molle (Herdman, 1886); Synoicum sp.; Polysyncraton trivolutum (Millar, 1960); Sycozoa umbellata (Michaelsen, 1898); Ascidia meridionalis Herdman, 1880; Cnemidocarpa drygalskii (Hartmeyer, 1911); Styela squamosa Herdman, 1881; Pyura pilosa Monniot C. & Monniot F., 1974; Molgula pyriformis Herdman, 1881; Molgula setigera Ärnbäck-Christie-Linde, 1938 and Asajirus indicus (Oka, 1913). Based on morphological evidence, we propose the new synonymy: Molgula setigera Ärnbäck-Christie-Linde, 1938 = Molgula marioni Millar, 1960 = Molgula robini Monniot C. & Monniot F., 1983. We also propose to maintain Molgula pyriformis and Molgula malvinensis as separate species. We report: the extension of the distribution range of Aplidium meridianum, Synoicum georgianum, Polysyncraton trivolutum, Sycozoa umbellata, Cnemidocarpa drygalskii, Pyura pilosa and Molgula setigera, being the first time they are collected off La Plata River; the deepest registers for Synoicum georgianum, Poylsyncraton trivolutum, Sycozoa umbellata, Ascidia meridionalis, Pyura pilosa, Molgula pyriformis and Molgula setigera; and the shallowest register for Synoicum molle.
Morphological and molecular analyses confirm the occurrence of two sympatric Lysmata shrimp (Crustacea, Decapoda) in the southwestern Atlantic
Authors: ALVES DOUGLAS FERNANDES RODRIGUES , LIMA DANIEL JOSÉ MARCONDES , HIROSE GUSTAVO LUIS , MARTINEZ PABLO ARIEL , DOLABELLA SILVIO SANTANA , DE PAIVA BARROS-ALVES SAMARA
Published: November 2018

An integrative approach was used, combining morphological and molecular analyses, to provide the first report of Lysmata lipkei and L. vittata in Sergipe State, Brazil, and confirm that both species are invasive of the Atlantic Ocean. Lysmata shrimps were sampled in the estuary region of the Vaza-Barris river, Sergipe State, northeastern Brazil, and identified as L. lipkei (n = 8) and L. vittata (n = 20). To molecular phylogenetic analysis was used 16S DNA fragments, comparing 26 species of the Lysmata-Exhippolysmata clade and two species of the genus Merguia (outgroup). Phylogenetic analysis indicated the absence of consistent genetic divergence (p distance < 0.018) between specimens from Atlantic and Indo-Pacific oceans. We conclude that L. lipkei and L. vittata have successfully invaded the western Atlantic and are also present in Sergipe State, northeastern Brazil.
Recent Breakdown of the Seasonal Linkage between the Winter North Atlantic Oscillation/Northern Annular Mode and Summer Northern Annular Mode
Authors: Yamazaki Koji , Ogi Masayo , Tachibana Yoshihiro , Nakamura Tetsu , Oshima Kazuhiro
Published: November 2018

The summer northern annular mode (NAM) and the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)/winter NAM have a positive correlation from the mid-1960s to the 1980s. Namely, when the winter NAO/NAM is in a positive phase, the following summer NAM tended to be in a positive phase. During the period from the mid-1960s to the 1980s, the NAO/NAM signals extended to the stratosphere in winter. Also, the lower-tropospheric warm anomaly over northern Eurasia in winter associated with the positive phase of NAO/NAM continued into spring. In summer, the annular anomalies in the temperature and 500-hPa height fields appeared, and the high-latitude westerly wind was enhanced following the winter positive NAO/NAM. However, after circa 1990, the seasonal linkage was broken (i.e., the winter-to-summer correlation became insignificant). The stratospheric signal in the winter NAO/NAM became weak and summer signals associated with the winter NAO/NAM almost disappeared. Seasonal evolutions of atmospheric circulation and sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies associated with the winter NAO are examined for an early good-linkage period and a recent poor-linkage period. We discuss the possible causes of the linkage breakdown such as stratospheric ozone, North Atlantic SST, and Atlantic multidecadal oscillation, besides chaotic internal variability in the climate system. Simulations with the Community Earth System Model suggest that the ocean and/or sea ice with interseasonal memories possibly cause the linkage, besides large internal variability through which the linkage can take place by chance.
Evaluation of the Surface Urban Energy and Water Balance Scheme (SUEWS) at a Dense Urban Site in Shanghai: Sensitivity to Anthropogenic Heat and Irrigation
Authors: Ao Xiangyu , Grimmond C. S. B. , Ward H. C. , Gabey A. M. , Tan Jianguo , Yang Xiu-Qun , Liu Dongwei , Zhi Xing , Liu Hongya , Zhang Ning
Published: November 2018

The Surface Urban Energy and Water Balance Scheme (SUEWS) is used to investigate the impact of anthropogenic heat flux QF and irrigation on surface energy balance partitioning in a central business district of Shanghai. Diurnal profiles of QF are carefully derived based on city-specific hourly electricity consumption data, hourly traffic data, and dynamic population density. The QF is estimated to be largest in summer (mean daily peak 236 W m−2). When QF is omitted, the SUEWS sensible heat flux QH reproduces the observed diurnal pattern generally well, but the magnitude is underestimated compared to observations for all seasons. When QF is included, the QH estimates are improved in spring, summer, and autumn but are poorer in winter, indicating winter QF is overestimated. Inclusion of QF has little influence on the simulated latent heat flux QE but improves the storage heat flux estimates except in winter. Irrigation, both amount and frequency, has a large impact on QE. When irrigation is not considered, the simulated QE is underestimated for all seasons. The mean summer daytime QE is largely overestimated compared to observations under continuous irrigation conditions. Model results are improved when irrigation occurs with a 3-day frequency, especially in summer. Results are consistent with observed monthly outdoor water use. This study highlights the importance of appropriately including QF and irrigation in urban land surface models—terms not generally considered in many previous studies.
Robust precision motion control of piezoelectric actuators using fast nonsingular terminal sliding mode with time delay estimation
Authors: Yu Shengdong , Ma Jinyu , Wu Hongtao , Kang Shengzheng
Published: November 2018

Background:

Piezoelectric actuators are widely used in many micro/nano-manipulation applications, but their positioning accuracy are badly affected by their inherent nonlinear hysteresis and creep. To solve this problem, this paper presents a new robust motion-control method for piezoelectric actuators with fast nonsingular terminal sliding mode based on time delay estimation.

Method:

The proposed controller needs no detailed information about the hysteresis and other nonlinearities of the system, leading to a simple and model-free characteristic due to the time delay estimation and ensures fast convergence and high tracking accuracy thanks to the nonsingular terminal sliding-mode surface and fast terminal sliding mode -type reaching law. A robust exact differentiator is adopted to estimate the velocity and accelerationinformation online, and it overcomes the limitation of only available position measurements. The finite-time convergence and stability of the closed-loop system are proved by using a Lyapunov function.

Results:

Experimental results show that the proposed control strategy has faster convergence and higher tracking precision compared with a traditional time delay control.

Conclusion:

The proposed control strategy can be widely used as an effective control method for high-precision motion control of piezoelectric actuators.
Measuring the General Retail Trading Area—A Case Study: I
Authors: Douglas Edna
Published: November 2018

Editor's Note: This is the frst of a two-part article on the statistical measurement of the extent of a market area. The second will appear in the July issue.
Myths about Convenience Food Costs
Authors: Crist Bainbridge
Published: November 2018

Do modern convenience foods cost a lot more than less highly-processed ones?

Are housewives really being extravagant in using them to save time and effort?

Are they the real culprits in slashing the farmer's share of the food dollar in recent years?

These are some of the questions that have been debated in Congress, the press, and within the food industry as pre-cooked meals, cake mixes, frozen fruits and vegetables, and a host of other convenience items have grown in popularity. In the past few years an increasing volume of material has been coming from the U. S. Department of Agriculture that throws more light on these controversial questions.
Changes in Retail Trade Flow
Authors: Cox Eli P.
Published: November 2018

Is the plight of downtown retailing wholly attributable to the movement of population and business activity to the suburbs?

The author of this article analyzes changes in population and retail-trade concentrations, and concludes that metropolitan retailing (downtown and suburban combined) has become less effective than in the past in drawing trade from non-metropolitan areas.
Logical Flow Models for Marketing Analysis
Authors: Massy William F. , Savvas Jim D.
Published: November 2018

Can analytical models of marketing phenomena be constructed, tested, and understood by persons who are not sophisticated in mathematics?

“Yes,” say the authors—LOGICAL FLOW MODELS meet the specifications.

They are appropriate for the analysis of large classes of marketing behavior. They can yield specific predictions, or be made the basis for computer simulation and sensitivity analysis in much the same manner as their mathematical counterparts. They can be important aids to decision making.
Local Media Analysis through Marketing Considerations
Authors: Sprague Jeremy D.
Published: November 2018

Advertisers are constantly confronted with the problem of budget distribution. Although much progress has been made in the measurement of both marketing data and advertising weight, little has been accomplished in terms of correlating the two so as to arrive at a sound basis for budgeting decisions.

This article offers a practical approach for the budget planner who wishes to allocate monies to markets on the basis of the markets’ estimated productivity.
Wanted: Sates Managers for Marketing Research
Authors: Davis Robert H.
Published: November 2018

Despite significant improvements in methodology, many corporate executives are skeptical about the profit contribution being made by marketing research.

Does management fail to appreciate the true value of research? Or have some research practitioners neglected a key part of their responsibilities?

This article identifies a gap between marketing research practice and its profitable application to day-today business problems. The author goes on to suggest an approach for narrowing the gap.
A Managerial Approach to Advertising Measurement
Authors: Campbell Roy H.
Published: November 2018

This article is based on the findings of a continuing study of advertising measurement that the author is conducting under the auspices of the Planning and Evaluation Committee of the Association of National Advertisers.

Since the time that the study started in 1963, data on advertising measurements have been secured from 1,225 individuals in 414 firms in the United States and Canada, and case-history data have been gathered from 50 of these companies.

The completed study, to be published in book form, will give case histories of the attempts of national advertisers to measure advertising results — with annual advertising expenditures ranging from under $500,000 to over $50,000,000.

One or more case histories from each of the following categories will be included: (1) industrial goods and services, (2) consumer durable goods, (3) consumer nondurable goods, (4) consumer services.
Conflict and Channel Efficiency: Some Conceptual Models for the Decision Maker
Authors: Rosenbloom Bert
Published: November 2018

The author presents some simple conceptual models which illustrate possible relationships of conflict to channel efficiency. These models should provide the decision maker with a useful framework for utilization of the findings of empirical studies of conflict in the marketing channel.
Selected Social Psychologica Models for Analyzing Buyers
Authors: Schewe Charles D.
Published: November 2018

Philip Kotler, in an oft-quoted article, presented five classic behavioral theorists—Marshall, Pavlov, Freud, Veblen, and Hobbes—and put them in the context of marketing. This article extends his approach by examining four very significant contemporary social psychological theories and their implications for marketing.
What about Disposition?
Authors: Jacoby Jacob , Berning Carol K. , Dietvorst Thomas F.
Published: November 2018

What do consumers do with products once they have outlived their usefulness, and how does this relate to the purchase of replacement products?
A Marketing Strategy for Marketing Knowledge—Or how to Publish and Prosper
Authors: Twedt Dik Warren
Published: November 2018

Publishing increases one's options in teaching and in business. Here is some practical advice on how to do it more efficiently.
Book Review: The Joyless Economy: An Inquiry into Human Satisfaction and Consumer Dissatisfaction
Authors: Zikmund William G.
Published: November 2018

People's tastes, the way they spend their money and arrange their lives, are matters economists have always regarded as something they should observe but must not poke their noses into.
The Equal Credit Opportunity Act: An Evaluation
Authors: Nevin John R. , Churchill Gilbert A.
Published: November 2018

This article presents the results from an empirical study of the impact of the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA) on the consumer credit industry. The results indicate that the ECOA has not negatively affected the quality of credit decisions by prohibiting the use of the primary discriminators—age and marital status. However, the results also indicate that consumer credit companies would make considerably poorer credit decisions if the ECOA would be interpreted or amended to extend the prohibited bases of discrimination to include other secondary factors currently being used by companies in the industry.
Telephone Survey Methods: The State of the Art
Authors: Tyebjee Tyzoon T.
Published: November 2018

Telephone interviewing is currently the dominant method of survey research. Managers who rely on consumer research data collected by this method should do so with an appreciation of its advantages and limitations.
Cohort Analysis: An Aid to Strategic Planning
Authors: Reynolds Fred D. , Rentz Joseph O.
Published: November 2018

Strategic planning requires anticipating environments, and cohort analysis can be useful in anticipating change. It represents a new way of thinking about existing relationships, especially age-consumer behavior relationships. It can suggest when such relationships are the results of aging and when they are the results of cohort membership. The methodology is explained and then illustrated with an analysis of data taken from nationwide surveys conducted in 1969, 1975, and 1979.
The Buying Center: Structure and Interaction Patterns
Authors: Johnston Wesley J. , Bonoma Thomas V.
Published: November 2018

This article reports a first step toward developing some quantifiable dimensions of the industrial buying task group, called the buying center. Group composition and interaction processes were examined for purchases of capital equipment and industrial services in 31 firms. Data were analyzed to test the soundness of a communications network perspective on the buying center and the managerial implications of such a perspective. Equipment and service purchase measures differed reliably across several indices suggested by our theoretical orientation. Organizational structure and purchase situation attributes correlated in generally expected directions with the dimensions of the buying group.