bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Selenide Mineralization in the Příbram Uranium and Base-Metal District (Czech Republic)
Authors: Škácha Pavel , Sejkora Jiří , Plášil Jakub
Published: June 2017

Selenium mineralization in the Příbram uranium and base-metal district (Central Bohemia, Czech Republic) bound to uraninite occurrences in calcite hydrothermal veins is extremely diverse. The selenides antimonselite, athabascaite, bellidoite, berzelianite, brodtkorbite, bukovite, bytízite, cadmoselite, chaméanite, clausthalite, crookesite, dzharkenite, eskebornite, eucairite, ferroselite, giraudite, hakite, klockmannite, naumannite, permingeatite, příbramite, sabatierite, tiemannite, and umangite were found here, including two new mineral phases: Hg-Cu-Sb and Cu-As selenides. Those selenides—and in some cases their sulphidic equivalents—are characterized using wavelength-dispersive spectroscopy, reflected light, powder X-ray diffraction, single crystal X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and electron backscatter diffraction. The selenide mineralization in the Příbram uranium district is bound to the border of the carbonate-uraninite and subsequent carbonate-sulphidic stages. Selenides crystallized there at temperatures near 100 °C in the neutral-to-weakly-alkaline environment from solutions with high oxygen fugacity and a high Se2/S2 fugacity ratio.
Comparative Analysis of γ-Oryzanol, β-Glucan, Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity in Fermented Rice Bran of Different Varieties
Authors: Jung Tae-Dong , Shin Gi-Hae , Kim Jae-Min , Choi Sun-Il , Lee Jin-Ha , Lee Sang Jong , Park Seon Ju , Woo Koan Sik , Oh Sea Kwan , Lee Ok-Hawn
Published: June 2017

Rice bran, a by-product derived from processing rice, is a rich source of bioactive compounds. Recent studies have suggested that the fermentation can improve their biological activities. This study aimed to determined the level of γ-oryzanol, β-glucan and total phenol contents of fermented rice bran from 21 Korean varieties, as well as to evaluate their antioxidant activities. We also assessed the validation of the analytical method for determining γ-oryzanol content in fermented rice brans. Among the fermented rice brans, the Haedam rice bran contained the highest level of total phenol content (156.08 mg gallic acid equivalents/g), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity (71.30%) and ORAC (Oxygen radical absorbance capacity) value (1101.31 μM trolox equivalents/g). Furthermore, the fermented Migwang rice bran showed the highest level of γ-oryzanol content (294.77 ± 6.74 mg/100 g).
Influence of Hesperidin on the Systemic and Intestinal Rat Immune Response
Authors: Camps-Bossacoma Mariona , Franch Àngels , Pérez-Cano Francisco , Castell Margarida
Published: June 2017

Polyphenols, widely found in edible plants, influence the immune system. Nevertheless, the immunomodulatory properties of hesperidin, the predominant flavanone in oranges, have not been deeply studied. To establish the effect of hesperidin on in vivo immune response, two different conditions of immune system stimulations in Lewis rats were applied. In the first experimental design, rats were intraperitoneally immunized with ovalbumin (OVA) plus Bordetella pertussis toxin and alum as the adjuvants, and orally given 100 or 200 mg/kg hesperidin. In the second experimental design, rats were orally sensitized with OVA together with cholera toxin and fed a diet containing 0.5% hesperidin. In the first approach, hesperidin administration changed mesenteric lymph node lymphocyte (MLNL) composition, increasing the TCRαβ+ cell percentage and decreasing that of B lymphocytes. Furthermore, hesperidin enhanced the interferon (IFN)-γ production in stimulated MLNL. In the second approach, hesperidin intake modified the lymphocyte composition in the intestinal epithelium (TCRγδ+ cells) and the lamina propria (TCRγδ+, CD45RA+, natural killer, natural killer T, TCRαβ+CD4+, and TCRαβ+CD8+ cells). Nevertheless, hesperidin did not modify the level of serum anti-OVA antibodies in either study. In conclusion, hesperidin does possess immunoregulatory properties in the intestinal immune response, but this effect is not able to influence the synthesis of specific antibodies.
Analytical Model of the Optical Vortex Scanning Microscope with a Simple Phase Object
Authors: Popiołek-Masajada Agnieszka , Masajada Jan , Kurzynowski Piotr
Published: June 2017

An analytical model of an optical vortex microscope, in which a simple phase object was inserted into the illuminating beam, is presented. In this microscope, the focused vortex beam interacts with an object and transmits the corresponding information to the detection plane. It was shown that the beam at the detection plane can be separated analytically into two parts: a non-disturbed vortex part and an object beam part. The intensity of the non-disturbed part spreads out over the center; hence, the small disturbance introduced by the object can be detected at the image center. A first procedure for recovering information about the object from this set-up was proposed. The theory was verified experimentally.
Machine Learning-Based Calibration of Low-Cost Air Temperature Sensors Using Environmental Data
Authors: Yamamoto Kyosuke , Togami Takashi , Yamaguchi Norio , Ninomiya Seishi
Published: June 2017

The measurement of air temperature is strongly influenced by environmental factors such as solar radiation, humidity, wind speed and rainfall. This is problematic in low-cost air temperature sensors, which lack a radiation shield or a forced aspiration system, exposing them to direct sunlight and condensation. In this study, we developed a machine learning-based calibration method for air temperature measurement by a low-cost sensor. An artificial neural network (ANN) was used to balance the effect of multiple environmental factors on the measurements. Data were collected over 305 days, at three different locations in Japan, and used to evaluate the performance of the approach. Data collected at the same location and at different locations were used for training and testing, and the former was also used for k-fold cross-validation, demonstrating an average improvement in mean absolute error (MAE) from 1.62 to 0.67 by applying our method. Some calibration failures were noted, due to abrupt changes in environmental conditions such as solar radiation or rainfall. The MAE was shown to decrease even when the data collected in different nearby locations were used for training and testing. However, the results also showed that negative effects arose when data obtained from widely-separated locations were used, because of the significant environmental differences between them.
Cell Microarray Technologies for High-Throughput Cell-Based Biosensors
Authors: Hong Hye , Koom Woong , Koh Won-Gun
Published: June 2017

Due to the recent demand for high-throughput cellular assays, a lot of efforts have been made on miniaturization of cell-based biosensors by preparing cell microarrays. Various microfabrication technologies have been used to generate cell microarrays, where cells of different phenotypes are immobilized either on a flat substrate (positional array) or on particles (solution or suspension array) to achieve multiplexed and high-throughput cell-based biosensing. After introducing the fabrication methods for preparation of the positional and suspension cell microarrays, this review discusses the applications of the cell microarray including toxicology, drug discovery and detection of toxic agents.
An Approach to Speed up Single-Frequency PPP Convergence with Quad-Constellation GNSS and GIM
Authors: Cai Changsheng , Gong Yangzhao , Gao Yang , Kuang Cuilin
Published: June 2017

The single-frequency precise point positioning (PPP) technique has attracted increasing attention due to its high accuracy and low cost. However, a very long convergence time, normally a few hours, is required in order to achieve a positioning accuracy level of a few centimeters. In this study, an approach is proposed to accelerate the single-frequency PPP convergence by combining quad-constellation global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and global ionospheric map (GIM) data. In this proposed approach, the GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou, and Galileo observations are directly used in an uncombined observation model and as a result the ionospheric and hardware delay (IHD) can be estimated together as a single unknown parameter. The IHD values acquired from the GIM product and the multi-GNSS differential code bias (DCB) product are then utilized as pseudo-observables of the IHD parameter in the observation model. A time varying weight scheme has also been proposed for the pseudo-observables to gradually decrease its contribution to the position solutions during the convergence period. To evaluate the proposed approach, datasets from twelve Multi-GNSS Experiment (MGEX) stations on seven consecutive days are processed and analyzed. The numerical results indicate that the single-frequency PPP with quad-constellation GNSS and GIM data are able to reduce the convergence time by 56%, 47%, 41% in the east, north, and up directions compared to the GPS-only single-frequency PPP.
Dynamics of Hierarchical Urban Green Space Patches and Implications for Management Policy
Authors: Yu Zhoulu , Wang Yaohui , Deng Jinsong , Shen Zhangquan , Wang Ke , Zhu Jinxia , Gan Muye
Published: June 2017

Accurately quantifying the variation of urban green space is the prerequisite for fully understanding its ecosystem services. However, knowledge about the spatiotemporal dynamics of urban green space is still insufficient due to multiple challenges that remain in mapping green spaces within heterogeneous urban environments. This paper uses the city of Hangzhou to demonstrate an analysis methodology that integrates sub-pixel mapping technology and landscape analysis to fully investigate the spatiotemporal pattern and variation of hierarchical urban green space patches. Firstly, multiple endmember spectral mixture analysis was applied to time series Landsat data to derive green space coverage at the sub-pixel level. Landscape metric analysis was then employed to characterize the variation pattern of urban green space patches. Results indicate that Hangzhou has experienced a significant loss of urban greenness, producing a more fragmented and isolated vegetation landscape. Additionally, a remarkable amelioration of urban greenness occurred in the city core from 2002 to 2013, characterized by the significant increase of small-sized green space patches. The green space network has been formed as a consequence of new urban greening strategies in Hangzhou. These strategies have greatly fragmented the built-up areas and enriched the diversity of the urban landscape. Gradient analysis further revealed a distinct pattern of urban green space landscape variation in the process of urbanization. By integrating both sub-pixel mapping technology and landscape analysis, our approach revealed the subtle variation of urban green space patches which are otherwise easy to overlook. Findings from this study will help us to refine our understanding of the evolution of heterogeneous urban environments.
Bioluminescence Assays for Monitoring Chondrogenic Differentiation and Cartilage Regeneration
Authors: Je Hyeon , Kim Min , Kwon Hyuck
Published: June 2017

Since articular cartilage has a limited regeneration potential, for developing biological therapies for cartilage regeneration it is important to study the mechanisms underlying chondrogenesis of stem cells. Bioluminescence assays can visualize a wide range of biological phenomena such as gene expression, signaling, metabolism, development, cellular movements, and molecular interactions by using visible light and thus contribute substantially to elucidation of their biological functions. This article gives a concise review to introduce basic principles of bioluminescence assays and applications of the technology to visualize the processes of chondrogenesis and cartilage regeneration. Applications of bioluminescence assays have been highlighted in the methods of real-time monitoring of gene expression and intracellular levels of biomolecules and noninvasive cell tracking within animal models. This review suggests that bioluminescence assays can be applied towards a visual understanding of chondrogenesis and cartilage regeneration.
Diagnosis of Compound Fault Using Sparsity Promoted-Based Sparse Component Analysis
Authors: Hao Yansong , Song Liuyang , Ke Yanliang , Wang Huaqing , Chen Peng
Published: June 2017

Compound faults often occur in rotating machinery, which increases the difficulty of fault diagnosis. In this case, blind source separation, which usually includes independent component analysis (ICA) and sparse component analysis (SCA), was proposed to separate mixed signals. SCA, which is based on the sparsity of target signals, was developed to sever the compound faults and effectively diagnose the fault due to its advantage over ICA in underdetermined conditions. However, there is an issue regarding the vibration signals, which are inadequately sparse, and it is difficult to represent them in a sparse way. Accordingly, to overcome the above-mentioned problem, a sparsity-promoted approach named wavelet modulus maxima is applied to obtain the sparse observation signal. Then, the potential function is utilized to estimate the number of source signals and the mixed matrix based on the sparse signal. Finally, the separation of the source signals can be achieved according to the shortest path method. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, the simulated signals and vibration signals measured from faulty roller bearings are used. The faults that occur in a roller bearing are the outer-race flaw, the inner-race flaw and the rolling element flaw. The results show that the fault features acquired using the proposed approach are evidently close to the theoretical values. For instance, the inner-race feature frequency 101.3 Hz is very similar to the theoretical calculation 101 Hz. Therefore, it is effective to achieve the separation of compound faults utilizing the suggest method, even in underdetermined cases. In addition, a comparison is applied to prove that the proposed method outperforms the traditional SCA method when the vibration signals are inadequate.
Antecedents of Corporate Reputation in the Hotel Industry: The Moderating Role of Transparency
Authors: Kim Sung-Bum , Kim Dae-Young
Published: June 2017

In this study, we developed a theoretical framework in which corporate social responsibility, corporate ability, customer trust and satisfaction, and corporate reputation by considering the influence of transparency as a moderator. The proposed hypotheses were empirically tested using data collected from 487 U.S. consumers via structural equation modeling. The results indicated that perceived corporate social responsibility and corporate ability significantly affected overall customer satisfaction and trust. In turn, customer trust and satisfaction have positive effects on perceptions about corporate reputation. Lastly, this study found that transparency as a significant moderator. This research will contribute to the development of a robust and comprehensive theoretical model that integrates existing frameworks and concepts within the hotel industry.
Hybrid Algorithm Based on an Estimation of Distribution Algorithm and Cuckoo Search for the No Idle Permutation Flow Shop Scheduling Problem with the Total Tardiness Criterion Minimization
Authors: Sun Zewen , Gu Xingsheng
Published: June 2017

The no idle permutation flow shop scheduling problem (NIPFSP) is a popular NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem, which exists in several real world production processes. This study proposes a novel hybrid estimation of the distribution algorithm and cuckoo search (CS) algorithm (HEDA_CS) to solve the NIPFSP with the total tardiness criterion minimization. The problem model is built on the basis of the starting and ending time point of each job. A discrete solution representation method is applied in HEDA_CS to increase the operation efficiency. A novel probability matrix build method is also designed within the knowledge of the processing time matrix. The partially-mapped crossover operation works effectively during the CS phase. A suitable knowledge-based local search is also designed in the HEDA_CS to balance the exploitation and exploration. Finally, many simulations based on the new hard Ruiz benchmarks are conducted. Computational results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed HEDA_CS.
Hidden Roles of CSR: Perceived Corporate Social Responsibility as a Preventive against Counterproductive Work Behaviors
Authors: Shin Inyong , Hur Won-Moo , Kim Minsung , Kang Seongho
Published: June 2017

The purpose of this study is to identify how the degree to which employees perceive that their organization is socially responsible influences their counterproductive behaviors at work. We developed a research model capturing the relationships between perceived corporate social responsibility (CSR), affective organizational commitment (AOC), and organization-, colleague-, and customer-directed counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs). Drawing on social identity and social bonding theories, we hypothesized that employees’ perceptions of CSR would enhance their levels of AOC and thereby hinder the three types of CWBs. Survey data from 252 frontline employees of six luxury hotels in South Korea were examined. We found that perceived CSR is indirectly and negatively related to the three types of CWBs through AOC. We discussed the theoretical contributions and practical implications of this study.
Theoretical Explanations for the Inverted-U Change of Historical Energy Intensity
Authors: Cao Lizhan , Qi Zhongying
Published: June 2017

Historical experience shows that the economy-wide energy intensity develops nonmonotonically like an inverted U, which still lacks direct theoretical explanations. Based on a model of structural change driven by technological differences, this paper provides an attempt to explore the underlying mechanisms of energy intensity change and thus to explain the above empirical regularity accompanied by structural transformation, through introducing a nested constant elasticity of substitution production function with heterogeneous elasticities of substitution. According to some reasonable assumptions, this extended model not only describes the typical path of structural change but also depicts the inverted-U development of economy-wide energy intensity. With the availability of Swedish historical data, we take calibration and simulation exercises which confirm the theoretical predictions. Furthermore, we find that: (1) elasticities of substitution may affect the shapes and peak periods of the inverted-U curves, which can explain to a certain extent the heterogeneous transitions of economy-wide energy intensity developments in different economies; and (2) over long periods of time, the economy-wide energy intensity determined by the initial industrial structure and sectoral energy intensity tends to grow upward, while structure change among sectors provides a driving force on reshaping this trend and turning it downward.
Impact of travel time and rurality on presentation and outcomes of symptomatic colorectal cancer: a cross-sectional cohort study in primary care
Authors: Murage Peninah , Murchie Peter , Bachmann Max , Crawford Michael , Jones Andy
Published: June 2017

Background

Several studies have reported a survival disadvantage for rural dwellers who develop colorectal cancer, but the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Delayed presentation to GPs may be a contributory factor, but evidence is lacking.

Aim

To examine the association between rurality and travel time on diagnosis and survival of colorectal cancer in a cohort from northeast Scotland.

Design and setting

The authors used a database linking GP records to routine data for patients diagnosed between 1997 and 1998, and followed up to 2011.

Method

Primary outcomes were alarm symptoms, emergency admissions, stage, and survival. Travel time in minutes from patients to GP was estimated. Logistic and Cox regression were used to model outcomes. Interaction terms were used to determine if travelling time impacted differently on urban versus rural patients.

Results

Rural patients and patients travelling farther to the GP had better 3-year survival. When the travel outcome associations were explored using interaction terms, the associations differed between rural and urban areas. Longer travel in urban areas significantly reduced the odds of emergency admissions (odds ratio [OR] 0.62, P<0.05), and increased survival (hazard ratio 0.75, P<0.05). Longer travel also increased the odds of presenting with alarm symptoms in urban areas; this was nearly significant (OR 1.34, P = 0.06). Presence of alarm symptoms reduced the likelihood of emergency admissions (OR 0.36, P<0.01).

Conclusion

Living in a rural area, and travelling farther to a GP in urban areas, may reduce the likelihood of emergency admissions and poor survival. This may be related to how patients present with alarm symptoms.
Metal oxide nanostructures: preparation, characterization and functional applications as chemical sensors
Authors: Zappa Dario , Bertuna Angela , Comini Elisabetta , Kaur Navpreet , Poli Nicola , Sberveglieri Veronica , Sberveglieri Giorgio
Published: June 2017

Preparation and characterization of different metal oxide (NiO, WO3, ZnO, SnO2 and Nb2O5) nanostructures for chemical sensing are presented. p-Type (NiO) and n-type (WO3, SnO2, ZnO and Nb2O5) metal oxide nanostructures were grown on alumina substrates using evaporation–condensation, thermal oxidation and hydrothermal techniques. Surface morphologies and crystal structures were investigated through scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, different batches of sensors have been prepared, and their sensing performances towards carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide have been explored. Moreover, metal oxide nanowires have been integrated into an electronic nose and successfully applied to discriminate between drinking and contaminated water.
Magnetic Flux Emergence and Decay Rates for Preceder and Follower Sunspots Observed with HMI
Authors: Norton A. A. , Jones E. H. , Linton M. G. , Leake J. E.
Published: June 2017

We quantify the emergence and decay rates of preceder (p) and follower (f) sunspots within 10 active regions from 2010 to 2014 using Space-weather Helioseismic Magnetic Imager Active Region Patch data. The sunspots are small to mid-sized regions and contain a signed flux within a single polarity sunspot of

. The net unsigned flux within the regions, including plage, ranges from

. Rates are calculated with and without intensity contours to differentiate between sunspot formation and flux emergence. Signed flux emergence rates, calculated with intensity contours, for the p (f) spots average

hr−1, while decay rates are

hr−1. The mean, signed flux emergence rate of the regions, including plage, is

hr−1, for a mean peak flux of

. Using a synthesis of these results and others reported previously, there is a clear trend for larger flux regions to emerge faster than smaller ones. Observed emergence rates (

, Mx hr−1) scale with total signed peak flux,

as a power law with an exponent of 0.36, i.e.,

. The observed rates may assist in constraining the boundary and initial conditions in simulations which already demonstrate increased rates for flux tubes with higher buoyancy and twist, or in the presence of a strong upflow. Overall, the observed emergence rates are smaller than those in simulations, which may indicate a slower rise of the flux in the interior than what is captured in simulations.
Vécus de grossesse et de périnatalité de femmes ayant été adoptées
Authors: Levy Alice , Moro Marie Rose
Published: June 2017

La femme enceinte appréhende de nouveaux ressentis, un corps à l’apparence nouvelle et au rôle contenant. À la confrontation avec un corps étrange s’ajoute la problématisation du corps étranger en soi. Cette métamorphose de la femme en mère implique un jeu d’identifications, identification à l’être en devenir, et identification à la mère. L’ordre des générations est aussi bouleversé : la femme s’ancre dans sa famille non plus seulement en fille mais également en mère. Or, des enfants adoptés à l’international apprennent à se construire avec un corps identique, mais au sein d’une nouvelle culture, d’une nouvelle famille et selon une nouvelle filiation. La grossesse serait donc susceptible de fragiliser des femmes qui ont été adoptées des années auparavant. Suite à des entretiens et des constructions d’arbre généalogique avec sept femmes ayant été adoptées, il semble que devenir mère puisse avoir un retentissement particulier chez des femmes adoptées dans leur enfance.
Fictions et hallucinations autour d’une naissance sans vie
Authors: Squires Claire
Published: June 2017

La prise en considération de la mort périnatale a progressé dans les équipes obstétricales du fait d’une meilleure reconnaissance sociale et juridique de son occurrence mais aussi de ses répercussions psychologiques sous l’influence des psychiatres et des psychologues ; elle ne reste pas moins une blessure narcissique. Le ressenti subjectif des parents qui y sont confrontés nécessite un travail psychique douloureux en raison du choc traumatique de l’annonce de la mort du bébé et plus à distance, en raison des conséquences de la perte narcissique et d’une certaine forme de deuil. Parfois, l’affliction perdure sous la forme de symptômes obsédants, hypocondriaques voire hallucinatoires au-delà de l’épisode actuel, y compris lors d’une grossesse suivante. Cette clinique de la mort périnatale est d’autant plus troublante qu’elle donne forme aux dangers réels pesant sur la naissance, mais aussi aux menaces imaginaires apparaissant dans les vœux de mort et les fan­tasmes d’enfant mort en lien avec le narcissisme infantile, comme le révèle la clinique psychanalytique. Par ailleurs, l’expérience de l’enfant né sans vie, difficilement figurable pour les parents, est exposée subjectivement dans des œuvres littéraires à travers une écriture quasi-thérapeutique, permettant de prendre une certaine distance par rapport à la violence traumatique et à la dépression. L’écriture confère une forme expressive aux sentiments d’absence, de vide et de nostalgie, liés à ce qu’on nomme parfois un non-événement (Thomas Hardy, Margaret Mitchell, Henry James et Toby Litt).
« Ça part de l’accueil déjà, de la porte qui va s’ouvrir ». Scripts et performances à l’arrivée dans les Lieux d’Accueil Enfants-Parents
Authors: Rayna Sylvie
Published: June 2017

Cet article concerne les pratiques dans les lieux d’accueil enfants-parents (LAEP) français. Il s’appuie sur l’analyse d’observations de séances de cinq lieux répartis sur trois territoires urbains et d’entretiens avec leurs équipes. Après avoir brièvement contextualisé l’émergence et le développement de ces lieux, puis présenté le cadre théorique pluriel de l’étude et sa méthodologie, l’analyse se centre sur les premiers pas des arrivant.e.s (adultes et enfants) dans ces LAEP. Les « pas de danse » des différents protagonistes lors de ces rencontres initiales se sont avérés des indicateurs précieux des processus de socialisation complexes en jeu, montrant la façon dont sont performés les « scripts » de ces lieux.
La situation sociale dans les Centri per bambini e famiglie en Italie : une étude ethnographique
Authors: Di Giandomenico Isabella , Musatti Tullia
Published: June 2017

Cet article présente une étude basée sur des observations ethnographiques, réalisées lors de séances d’accueil de jeunes enfants accompagnés par un adulte, dans quarante Centri per bambini e famiglie, en Italie. L’analyse est centrée sur la situation sociale dans ces lieux, les échanges entre les adultes qui accompagnent les enfants et leurs attitudes et comportements, selon leur statut par rapport à l’enfant qu’ils accompagnent. L’étude montre qu’un climat serein et détendu, souvent chaleureux, se développe ainsi que de nombreux échanges sociaux entre les adultes, échanges qui engendrent parfois des relations ultérieures entre eux. Ces centres, en tant que lieux de rencontre entre individus qui ne se connaissent pas à l’avance mais qui partagent l’expérience quotidienne du care et de l’éducation d’un jeune enfant, offrent un intéressant observatoire sur la socialité urbaine dans la modernité.
« Je me sens comme une équilibriste » . La variété des rôles des professionnelles dans les Centri peri Bambini e le Famiglie, en Italie
Authors: Bove Chiara , Braga Piera
Published: June 2017

L’objectif de cet article est de décrire le rôle des professionnelles travaillant dans les Centri per i Bambini e le Famiglie, centres qui accueillent en Italie les jeunes enfants et les familles. S’appuyant sur des observations de type ethnographique et sur des entretiens individuels et collectifs recueillis dans quarante centres, les résultats montrent la variété des actions et conceptions des professionnelles, mais aussi la présence d’un style commun, basé sur l’observation, un faible nombre d’interventions au soutien parental et une approche chaleureuse et accueillante pour offrir aux enfants et aux parents un moment agréable en compagnie d’autres participant.e.s. L’analyse met aussi en évidence la nécessité de garantir un développement professionnel constant afin d’enrichir les potentialités socioéducatives de ces lieux dans les sociétés contemporaines.
Les pratiques professionnelles de soutien des mères dans les Chiiki Kosodate Shien Kyoten , au Japon
Authors: Hoshi-Watanabe Miwako
Published: June 2017

L’étude présentée dans cet article porte sur les pratiques professionnelles de soutien aux mères dans les « Chiiki Kosodate Shien Kyoten », équivalents japonais des lieux d’accueil enfants-parents. L’analyse des observations, réalisées dans sept lieux et des entretiens effectués dans quinze lieux, ont fait apparaître quatre types de pratiques de soutien : par l’aménagement de l’espace et son utilisation, par la facilitation des échanges entre personnes accueillies, par la mise à disposition d’informations et par le soutien plus individuel. Les résultats montrent deux dimensions marquantes, d’une part la mise en œuvre d’une ambiance permettant aux mères de vivre des moments agréables et d’autre part, les interventions les amenant à partager leurs problèmes et chercher ensemble des solutions.
Posterior Percutaneous Endoscopic Cervical Foraminotomy and Diskectomy With Unilateral Biportal Endoscopy
Authors: Park Jae Hyun , Jun Su Gi , Jung Je Tae , Lee Sang Jin
Published: June 2017

This report describes a new, minimally invasive procedure, posterior percutaneous endoscopic cervical diskectomy, performed with a unilateral biportal endoscopic approach. The procedure is used to treat cervical foraminal soft disk protrusion. This report also describes the short-term results with this procedure. In 2015, 14 patients underwent this new, minimally invasive procedure. The technique was applied with a standard arthroscopy device and conventional spine instruments. The Neck Disability Index and visual analog scale scores for the neck and upper arm were evaluated, and 13 consecutive patients were included in the analysis. Mean follow-up was 14.8 months (range, 12–18 months). The Neck Disability Index decreased from 27.0±2.5 to 6.8±1.4 at the last follow-up (
P
<.05). Visual analog scale scores for the neck and upper arm also decreased significantly (neck, 6.2±0.8 to 2.4±0.9; upper arm, 7.0±1.1 to 2.2±0.6). Posterior percutaneous endoscopic cervical diskectomy with a uniportal endoscope provides a clear operative field because of continuous endoscopic saline irrigation and requires only a short hospitalization and no postoperative rehabilitation. Posterior percutaneous endoscopic cervical diskectomy with a unilateral biportal endoscopic approach also can be performed efficiently because of the wide field of visualization and familiar surgical field. Thus, posterior percutaneous endoscopic cervical diskectomy with the unilateral biportal endoscopic approach may be an alternative procedure for cervical foraminal soft disk protrusion. [
Orthopedics.
2017; 40(5):e779–e783.]
New Technique for Removal of Screws With Damaged Heads
Authors: Iwata Takahiro , Nozawa Satoshi , Maeda Masato , Akiyama Haruhiko
Published: June 2017

Removal of orthopedic implants may sometimes be difficult because of ongrowth of new bone. Titanium screws can become encased or stripped during the process of initial open reduction and internal fixation or at the time of hardware removal. Difficulty in removing screws from a locking plate is particularly well-known. Two patients with tibial and femoral diaphyseal fractures were treated using a locking plate or an intramedullary nail. However, after fracture healing, it was difficult to remove the locking screw or reconstruction screws because of damage to the heads. The stripped reconstruction screw was successfully removed employing the authors' so-called parallel planes technique. In this method, a high-speed diamond-tipped burr is applied to opposite sides of the screw head to form 2 parallel faces located slightly away from the recess of the screw head. The 2 faces can then be grasped solidly with locking pliers, allowing removal of the implant by unscrewing it with a gentle upward pulling action. The locking plate was cut from the plate edge to the edge of the screw hole. While making these radial cuts in the plates, the authors were careful not to extend the blade into the screw head. After removal of the locking plate from the screw, the authors were able to extract the jammed screw uneventfully using this technique. This technique can be performed without difficulty and does not require a special device. It is a useful option for extraction of damaged screws. [
Orthopedics.
2017; 40(5):e911–e914.]
A Modified Lateral Approach for Total Knee Replacement in Type 2 Valgus Deformity
Authors: Aurich Matthias , Lenz Mark , Best Norman
Published: June 2017

Total knee replacement for patients with osteoarthritis and valgus deformity remains challenging, with soft tissue balance often difficult to achieve. Most orthopedic surgeons use the medial parapatellar approach for total knee replacement. However, the lateral approach described in this case allows direct access to the pathology. The valgus deformity is corrected by using a modified lateral parapatellar arthrotomy with a staged and gradual release of the contracted lateral capsuloligamentous structures and the iliotibial tract. A Z-shaped dissection of the lateral retinaculum and careful dissection and preservation of the infrapatellar fat pad is performed. The creation of this laterally based vascularized flap provides the necessary tissue to cover the soft tissue gap resulting on the lateral aspect of the knee after valgus correction. The lateral approach has advantages, including ligament balancing and preservation of the medial retinaculum and the medial neurovascular structures for the supply of the patella. However, this approach should be used with caution by experienced surgeons. [
Orthopedics.
2017; 40(5):313–316.]
Diagnosis and Management of Traumatic Patellar Instability in the Pediatric Patient
Authors: DeFroda Steven F. , Gil Joseph A. , Boulos Alex , Cruz Aristides I.
Published: June 2017

Instability of the patella is a common cause of knee pain and dysfunction in pediatric and adolescent patients and can be due to several factors. Although some patients will recall a specific traumatic event others may not, requiring the diagnosis to be made on the basis of physical examination and imaging. Congenital dislocation and connective tissue disorders should also be considered, even in the setting of trauma. There are radiographic parameters that may identify causes of instability such as trochlear and patellar abnormalities, and magnetic resonance imaging can identify signs of trauma such as bony edema, loose osteochondral fragments, and increased tibial tubercle–trochlear groove distance. The first line of treatment for instability is most commonly nonoperative in nature; however, there are many options for operative management in the event of severe chondral injury or recurrent dislocation. Surgical management to best restore stability of the patellofemoral joint varies depending on the skeletal maturity of the patient and the source of instability (ligamentous, osteocartilaginous, or both). A combination of soft tissue, bony, and anatomic ligamentous repair or reconstruction is used to best augment patellar tracking and optimize patient outcome. [
Orthopedics.
2017; 40(5):e749–e757.]
Treatment of a Pediatric T-type Intercondylar Humerus Fracture With Hybrid Percutaneous Pinning and External Fixation
Authors: Stroh D. Alex , Sullivan Brian T. , Shannon Brett A. , Sponseller Paul D.
Published: June 2017

T-type intercondylar fractures of the distal humerus are rare injuries in skeletally immature patients. Few studies are available to guide the treatment of these injuries. Small case series and expert recommendations suggest superiority of the open approach for direct reduction of the articular surface. This approach poses risks of vascular compromise and elbow stiffness. However, success with percutaneous intercondylar screw fixation has been described for simple split patterns. The authors present a case that illustrates a novel percutaneous technique to treat this fracture type. A healthy 8-year-old boy sustained a T-type intercondylar fracture of the distal humerus (AO 13-C1). Excellent reduction was noted after closed reduction and crossed percutaneous pinning. Compression was applied across the pins through a small external fixator bar to address the intercondylar split component. At the 6-week postoperative clinic visit, the pins and fixator were removed uneventfully, and normal healing with full range of elbow motion was noted. This case report describes a simple, minimally invasive technique to treat uncomplicated T-type intercondylar fractures of the distal humerus in skeletally immature patients. Practitioners familiar with percutaneous fixation of supracondylar fractures can easily perform this technique. The described technique spares an open dissection and avoids permanent implants around the joint. Further multicenter research is warranted to determine the long-term outcomes and safety of the described technique. [
Orthopedics.
2017; 40(6):e1096–e1098.]
Curriculum Revision: Student Stress and Lessons Learned
Authors: Mills Susan , Krouse Anne M. , Rossi-Schwartz Rose , Klein Jean M.
Published: June 2017

Background:

Curricular revision and engaging students in learning are important aspects of preparing students for a complex health care environment. The purpose of this study was to identify student perceptions of active learning practices incorporated into the junior year of a new curriculum.

Method:

A descriptive qualitative design using focus group interviews for data collection was used to explore student perceptions of stress, engagement, and self-directed learning in an active learning environment.

Results:

Three themes emerged from the data, including Feeling Stressed and Overwhelmed, Coping With Stress, and Being Prepared.

Conclusion:

The results of this study highlight how students responded to the increased stress of junior-year nursing courses and the lessons learned by both the students and the faculty teaching junior-year nursing students after a curricular revision and subsequent change in teaching strategies. [
J Nurs Educ.
2017;56(6):337–342.]
Exploring the Correlation Between Nontraditional Variables and Student Success: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Strickland Haley Perkins , Cheshire Michelle Haney
Published: June 2017

Background:

The purpose of this project was to determine whether a correlation exists between the traditional admission criteria of grade point averages with the potential admission criteria of emotional intelligence (EI) scores or critical thinking (CT) scores to predict upper division student outcomes.

Method:

A quantitative, longitudinal design was selected to examine the identified variables to predict undergraduate student success. The recruiting sample included a convenience sample drawn from 112 junior-level undergraduate nursing students beginning their first of a five-semester nursing program.

Results:

EI and HESI
®
CT scores did not significantly correlate with main analysis variables.

Conclusion:

Although EI and CT scores were not significant in this study, it remains vital to incorporate EI and CT activities throughout the curriculum to develop students' ability to think like a nurse and, therefore, be successful in nursing practice. [
J Nurs Educ.
2017;56(6):351–355.]
Evaluation of Doctor of Nursing Practice Students' Competencies in an Online Informatics Course
Authors: Kupferschmid Barbara , Creech Connie , Lesley Marsha , Filter Marilyn , Aplin-Kalisz Christina
Published: June 2017

Background:

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) programs have experienced rapid growth across the United States. With the expansion of electronic health records, DNP students are expected to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to manage data and apply informatics concepts. However, little information exists to help faculty evaluate student competency in these areas.

Method:

This retrospective analysis evaluated the competencies of a convenience sample of DNP students enrolled in an online informatics course. Two areas were assessed in this study: acquisition of informatics skills, and analysis or application of informatics concepts.

Results:

Regarding informatics skills, postbaccalaureate students performed better than post-master's students. In analysis and application of informatics concepts, post-master's students performed better than postbaccalaureate students.

Conclusion:

Different educational strategies may need to be created to meet the varying needs of postbaccalaureate and post-master's students in DNP programs. [
J Nurs Educ.
2017;56(6):364–367.]
An Academic–Service Partnership: A System-Wide Approach and Case Report
Authors: Bay Esther H. , Tschannen Dana J.
Published: June 2017

Background:

An academic–service partnership was formed to increase educational capacity, improve evidence-based nursing at the point of care, and engage staff nurses, clinical faculty, and students in patient and family care.

Method:

This case report reflects an overview of the first year of full implementation, and survey results from nurse leaders and faculty at the 3-year time point.

Results:

Following its third year of an academic–service partnership, the shared mission, vision, and values have resulted in stronger NCLEX-RN results, improved quality initiatives, and trends for improvements in patient outcomes. Alignment with faculty and mentors surrounding student expectations has improved, as well as shared evidence-based practices.

Conclusion:

Sustaining an academic–service partnership requires dedicated leaders, faculty, and mentors. This partnership continues to thrive and move toward excellence in patient- and family-centered outcomes and undergraduate clinical education. [
J Nurs Educ
. 2017;56(6):373–377.]
Medication Safety: What Nurses Should Know About Black Box Warnings
Authors: Leahy Laura G.
Published: June 2017

“Safety first” has always been a nursing priority—just as medication education has been an essential nursing function. Approximately 79 million individuals of all ages, birth-to-death, were prescribed psychotropic medications in 2013. Nurses of all disciplines and who work in all practice settings must be aware of the potential safety concerns related to medications patients may be taking. Black Box Warnings (BBWs) are the strictest labeling requirements that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration can mandate. Risks of increased suicidality, mortality in older adults, potential for abuse and drug dependence, and life-threatening hepatic failure are among the most significant BBWs attributed to psychotropic medications. As such, nurses must be aware of not only how medications will benefit patients in relieving symptoms of or preventing their disease but also the potential risks, adverse reactions, and BBWs. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services
,
55
(6), 11–15.]
Perceived Stress in Family Caregivers of Individuals With Mental Illness
Authors: Masa'Deh Rami
Published: June 2017

The current study aimed to measure the stress levels of family caregivers of individuals with mental illness and compare their stress levels according to the diagnosis and other sociodemographic characteristics. The sample comprised 310 family caregivers of individuals with mental illness in Jordan. Family caregivers completed a demographic checklist and the Arabic version of the Perceived Stress Scale 10-Item (PSS-10) questionnaire. A significant difference was found in PSS-10 levels among family caregivers according to gender, diagnosis of their family member, and time since diagnosis. Female caregivers reported significantly higher stress levels than male caregivers. Family members of individuals with schizophrenia reported the highest stress levels (p< 0.001). Results also indicated that there was a significant negative correlation between PSS-10 levels of family caregivers and time since diagnosis. Investigating stress levels in family members of individuals with mental illness may be helpful when designing interventions to reduce such stress. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 55(6), 30–35.]
Meta-analysis of the FDA Reports on Patient-Reported Outcomes Using the Three Latest Platforms for LASIK
Authors: Moshirfar Majid , Shah Tirth J. , Skanchy David Franklin , Linn Steve H. , Durrie Daniel S.
Published: June 2017

PURPOSE:

To analyze the impact of the three latest U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved lasers on patient-reported outcomes after LASIK.

METHODS:

In this meta-analysis of patient-reported FDA data, an aggregated total of 718 eyes undergoing LASIK using VISX iDesign (Abbott Medical Optics Manufacturing, Milpitas, CA), Alcon Contoura (Alcon Research, Ltd., Fort Worth, TX), and Nidek CATz (Nidek Co. Ltd., Gamagori, Japan) lasers were evaluated for overall changes in visual symptoms postoperatively. Statistical significance was calculated when appropriate to assess changes. A
P
value of less than .05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS:

At 12 months following LASIK, there was a decrease in the postoperative difficulty driving at night (29%) with respect to preoperative values. There was a significant postoperative reduction in prior moderate to severe symptoms for light sensitivity (9%), difficulty driving at night (22%), reading difficulty (8%), double vision (2%), glare (12%), and halos (6%) at 12 months following LASIK.

CONCLUSIONS:

Analysis of the FDA data shows that modern lasers have significantly improved patient-reported visual outcomes after LASIK.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(6):362–368.]
Removal of Persistent Cellular Deposits After Foldable Iris-Fixated Phakic IOL Implantation
Authors: Passos Marilia Lordello , Ghanem Ramon Coral , Ghanem Vinícius Coral
Published: June 2017

PURPOSE:

To report a case of severe recurrent cellular deposits after Artiflex intraocular lens (Ophtec B. V., Groningen, The Netherlands) implantation.

METHODS:

Case report.

RESULTS:

A 25-year-old woman underwent uneventful Artiflex intraocular lens implantation in both eyes. After 3 months, severe cellular deposits were seen in the posterior surface of the lens in one eye. Topical steroids were administered, with temporary improvement. Four months later, the deposits recurred and did not respond to topical steroids. Corrected distance visual acuity lost five lines. Treatment by polishing the posterior surface of the lens 10 months after the initial implantation was performed and resulted in complete visual recovery. No recurrence of the deposits were observed after 2 years of follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS:

Persistent cellular deposits after Artiflex intraocular lens implantation may cause severe visual loss and may need surgical intervention. Polishing the posterior surface of the lens to mechanically remove the deposits was an effective long-term solution.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(6):426–428.]