bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-Assessment to Improve English Speaking Skills: an action research with Elementary School Ecuadorian students
Authors: Calero Vinueza Nathaly Dayanara , Dos Santos Jardel Coutinho , Galeas Arboleda Gabriela , Cruz Quijije Ana Maria
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to determine the impact of self-assessment on speaking skills among A2 movers’ students. The data analysis revealed that its use has a favorable effect on students' speech skills and showed that they could use the content in a real context. They incorporated reflection to be aware of their learning, understood their mistakes, and tried to improve their level of preparation for better results. At that time, they took responsibility for all the steps planned in innovation because they tested their effort and progress in each activity. In addition, the improvement demonstrated in the results of the evaluation carried out by the teacher with the rubric in the posttest was significant in the final part of the unit. The self-assessment helped students take the necessary corrective measures to be more prepared to do speech exercises. According to the students' perspectives, self-evaluation helped them improve their skills because they were able to identify areas of speech that needed to be improved and gradually, could reinforce their discourse to give better descriptions of places and people.
Desnutrición crónica y su influencia en la carcinogénesis: Un análisis exhaustivo
Authors: Mina Ortiz Jhon Bryan , Sampedro Giler Jeniffer Susana , Veliz Vargas Luissana Liceth
Published: September 2024

Derived from the project “Educational training for nutritional malnutrition and hematological conditions in rural and urban populations in the southern zone of Manabí 2024” in the southern zone of Manabí. Malnutrition is a prevalent complication that can significantly increase morbidity and mortality in individuals of all ages, with a particularly severe impact on pediatric patients due to the specific characteristics of their development. Cancer is a global public health problem, especially in impoverished countries, every year more than 18 million people are diagnosed with cancer, and this figure is expected to rise to 29.5 million in 2040, which is why it is necessary to approach this study with the aim of investigating chronic malnutrition and its influence on carcinogenesis, whose methodology was of documentary design, The results show that severe malnutrition is frequent among cancer patients in several countries, especially among those suffering from gastroenteric and respiratory tract cancers, on the other hand, malnutrition, in its various forms, has complex biological effects on patients in different countries and the risk factors vary from country to country. It was concluded that malnutrition is closely related to a high prevalence of gastrointestinal and respiratory cancers, chronic malnutrition affects several biological mechanisms that may influence carcinogenesis, it is related to histone modifications and DNA damage, quality of life significantly influences nutrition and overall health, with recognized global impacts in different countries.
ChatGPT Enhances Programming Skills of Computer Engineering Students
Authors:   Souphanouvong Univerity, Mekthanavanh Vinath
Published: September 2024

This research paper aims to outline the role of ChatGPT as one artificial intelligence technology that has progressed in depth and positive effect on the field of education and research with highly capable language developed by OpenAI. This technology presents an exciting opportunity for students and educators, including personalize feedback, increased ability accesses, lesson preparation, assessment and new way of teaching complexity such as code correction and completion, automatic syntax error fixing, code snippet suggestion, code refactoring suggestions and optimization, generate of missing code, document, text to code, and answering technical queries. The experimented was adopted with 51 students in final grade of Computer Engineering, Souphanouvong University and selected 30 students in interviews to collect data for analysis and evaluation. The results show that students with using ChatGPT to help in programming they can more understandable by able to explain, giving examples, concepts, technology of complex method, searching related information and technical solving problem, which can improve programming skills and careers in software development in the future. However, students are still concerned about the accuracy of information provided, loss personal interaction, data privacy issue and price.
A Study on the China-Laos Railway’s Economic and Strategic Significance
Authors:   Osaka City University, Japan, Yan Xuchong
Published: September 2024

To analyze the economic and strategic significance of the China-Laos Railway, this paper will examine its impact on both China and Laos from their respective perspectives during the construction of the railway. The results show that the China-Laos Railway will significantly improve transportation efficiency in Laos, promoting rapid economic and social progress and development; The China-Laos Railway will be fostering economic development and cooperation among the countries and regions along the railway; Simultaneously, the successful construction of the China-Laos Railway has showcased China's prowess in high-speed railway construction to the international community, setting a positive example for China's future expansion into new high-speed railway markets; The successful construction of the China-Laos Railway, along with its later plans to connect ports on the west coast of Thailand and Malaysia, will facilitate the opening of new Indian Ocean ports in China's southwest, ensuring the secure supply of energy transportation; Moreover, The China-Laos Railway will also bolster China's geopolitical influence in ASEAN, deepen economic and political cooperation between China and ASEAN countries, and play a significant role in advancing the implementation of China's Belt and Road Initiative.
The Situation of Cross-Border Transportation of Goods through the 2nd Friendship Bridge Savannakhet-Mukdahan
Authors:   National University of Laos, Lao PDR, XAYYALATH Kaysone
Published: September 2024

This study is about the situation of cross-border transportation of goods through the 2nd Friendship Bridge Savannakhet-Mukdahan. The purpose of the study is to 1) study the situation of development of transportation and logistics in the friendship bridge, 2) The condition of transporting goods through the friendship bridge, and 3) Difficulties of entrepreneurs using the 2nd friendship bridge service, the population represented in the study was the driver of a truck that passed through the Savannakhet-Mukdahan International Checkpoint, Specific types of imported goods a total of 138 people were identified. The statistics used for data analysis is descriptive statistics to find frequencies and percentages. The results of the study show that the world bank has determined the logistics performance index: LPI and published the results of the comparative efficiency ranking of 160 countries. In 2018, the Lao PDR was ranked 82nd in the world with a score of 2,8 and in which ranked 69th of 160 counties in terms of the ability to trach and trace consignments with an average score of 2,9. Laos can now export and distribute goods to Thailand with other countries in Asia and Europe: China, Hungary, Poland, Belgium, the Netherlands, Singapore, Japan, Italy and France using Road NO 12 and Route 9. This is an important strategic route due to the ability to transport goods to countries in the region, which is a wholesale market and a channel to import cheap machinery, equipment, or inputs, making locally produced goods cheaper, which will increase domestic competitiveness and increase domestic competitiveness. Exports and imports across the 2nd Friendship Bridge, a five-year period from 2016-2020, see a year-on-year trade deficit due to the need to use agricultural inputs to boost agricultural production and boost agricultural exports in the future. The problems in transportation of goods in practice, the country has not yet been able to take full advantage of cross-border transport via the 2nd Friendship Bridge. Due to climate change, which is a barrier to delayed transportation, the overall infrastructure is still incomplete as there are still some areas of the road that need to be constructed and improved, along with the problems and obstacles of transport rules and regulations, such as: Problems with one-stop inspection, difficulties in customs clearance procedures and convenience of transport officials.
Growth, Transformation and their Driving Forces of Kaysonphomvihan City
Authors:   National University of Lao, Lao PDR, SENGONKEO Luangphasy
Published: September 2024

The city of Kaysonphomvihan is a city with an important strategic location in the central part of the Lao PDR. It has the East-West Economic Corridor (EWEC), the Savannakhet-Seno Special Economic Zone through it and the 13th North Road which is the national highway that cuts through from the north to the south. In the city, there is the Xeno Special Economic Zone, the bridge over the Mekong River which is the potential for the economic development of the city, thus making the city have population growth, economic growth and physical growth of the city, in the research study the growth, change and driving force in the development of Kaysonphomvihan city from 2005 to 2020. The city of Kaysonphomvihan, which will see the population growth during 2005-2020, in which in 2005 there were 112,915 people and in 2020 there was a population of 178,893 people, an increase of 65,978 people, which is 36.88 percent. Economic growth GDP per capita (USD) since 2005-2020, in which 2005 was 608 dollars, 2020 is 2,466 dollars, an increase of 1.858 dollars, which is 75.34 percent. The growth of the built area can be seen that in 2005 there is a built area of ​​432 hectares, in 2020 there is a built area of ​​865 hectares, an increase of 433 hectares, which is 50.06 percent. Throughout the period of 2005-2020, it can be seen that the city of Kaysonphomvihan has growth in the population, economy, physical of the city and has many driving forces that are the driving force in urban development from time to time.In this study, it is to be a guide in the planning, control and development of the city of Kaysonphomvihan to be sustainable.
Implementation of Shortest Path Finding using Dijkstra’s Algorithm
Authors:   Souphanouvong Univerity, Kounlaxay Kalaphath
Published: September 2024

Dijkstra's algorithm is one of the algorithms that can be used in the shortest path determination process. Therefore, this research aims to create a simulation to implement how Dijkstra’s Algorithm (DA) was used to find the Shortest Path (STP) to travel through any vertex or node by distance vertex and previews vertex and executed or calculated the minimum cost of each edge. The simulation was created based on the shortest route between the source node and the distance node. We have designed the model of pathfinding based on the real location of each city in the northern part of Laos which the cost of each edge is also based on the actual traffic situation and the experiments show that using Dijkstra's algorithm correctly finds the shortest path from the source node to the destination node.
Assessment of area at risk of flood and drought in the SeThamok Sub-basin
Authors:   National University of Laos, Lao PDR, Anothai Sakounxay
Published: September 2024

The problem of floods and drought is a serious problem and has affected many areas in many areas of the world including Lao PDR. SeThaMok sub-basin is a sub-basin that suffers from disasters as mentioned almost every year, especially in Phin district, which has caused enormous damage. Because of such a problem, it is necessary to assess the risk areas for floods and droughts in order to manage floods and droughts that are suitable for the area in order to move forward in planning to deal with floods and droughts in the future. Therefore, this study aims to study flood and drought risk areas as well as create flood maps in (2014, 2018, 2019) and drought maps in (2006, 2012, 2015) using ArcGIS 10.5. This study uses rainfall data from 4 stations using the Thiessen Polygon Method to calculate the average rainfall and using data from the survey, collecting actual data from the field together with the data collected by the Department of Natural Resources and Environment. The results of the study found that: in 2014, there was a flood area covering 11.93% of the total catchment area and the maximum flood level was about 26 meters compared to the lowest level of the catchment area. Among them, the flood event covered 20 villages; In 2018, there is a flood area covering 16.06% of the total catchment area and the maximum flood level is about 32 meters. Among them, the flood event covered 27 villages; In 2019, there is a flood area covering 20.91% and the maximum flood level is about 34 meters. Among them, the flood event covered 39 villages and the results of the evaluation of areas at risk of drought showed that: in 2007, there were areas at risk of drought covering 39.18% of the area of the SeThaMok sub-watershed which covered the number of villages around 32 villages; In 2012, there is a drought-prone area covering 43.29% of the SeThaMok sub-watershed area, which covers about 38 villages; In 2015, there is a drought-prone area covering 36.73% of the SeThaMok sub-basin area, which covers about 30 villages.
Tourism Adaptation Strategy During the Crisis from Covid-19 Pandemic at Ngoi District, Luang Prabang Province
Authors:   Souphanouvong Univerity, XAYAVONG Somkhuan
Published: September 2024

This study is about " Tourism adaptation strategy during the crisis from Covid-19 pandemic at Ngoi district, Luang Prabang Province" was studied in a qualitative format with an interview questionnaire as a tool for data collection. The results of the study found that the state of tourism in Ngoi City during the spread of the Covid-19 disease in Ngoi District is that tourists have dropped to 99.15%. Ngoi by training personnel and open the reception of tourists in the green tourism area and speed up the implementation of Lao safe tourism standards, most of the businesses that provide tourism services have closed their businesses by turning from the service business to farming and raising animals and starting to reopen in December 2021 and the local people are turning from the service profession to tourism to agriculture. raise animals and collect forest products of Dong, from the analysis of the tourism environment of Ngoi District and found that Ngoi District has strengths that can cope with this crisis situation more than weaknesses and there are also favorable opportunities from the external environment that can restore and develop the tourism situation in Ngoi District to normal people quickly. The use of corrective strategy (WO Strategy), the use of defensive strategy (ST Strategy) and the use of receiving strategy (WT Strategy) so that stakeholders in Ngoi district can adapt to the situation.
Promoting Students’ Speaking Proficiency through Communicative Activities. Case Study of Department of English, Faculty of Education, Champasack University
Authors:   Champasack University, Lao PDR, SORKEOMANY Bounsong
Published: September 2024

The study was to examine the effectiveness of the communicative activities (CAs), and to explore the students’ attitudes and perceptions towards the application of communicative activities by two groups before treatment and after treatment. The Quasi-experimental design was used. There were 54 total English third-year students at the English Department, Faculty of Education, Champasack University. There were two groups of participants: the “Experimental group” (30 students) and the “Control group” (24 students). The experimental teaching was conducted for 36 hours within a 9-week period in 4 cycles with the uses of the three communicative activities; group discussion, role-play, and debate which including Pre-Posttest, rubric of speaking proficiency, attitude and perception questionnaire, observation checklist, ten sub-commutative activities within 4 debate periods were employed for this study. Pre-posttest and questionnaires were given to students in both experimental and control groups to check the reliability of the test, this research used three senior score raters to measure the students’ speaking proficiency by using the rubric of speaking proficiency. The observation checklist was noted by the researcher in every class within the communicative activities used. The data were statistically analyzed by t-test independent and paired-t test for the dependent sample by comparing the mean scores of the pretest and posttest to determine whether there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups. Moreover, the students were required to respond the attitude and perception questionnaire to explore their attitudes and perceptions towards the communicative activities. Two groups compared the findings of the test; it was found that the CAs were effectiveness to improve students’ speaking proficiency as can be seen through the increasing of the test score of the experimental group, which started from 74.43 to 83.90 (9.47) with the significant level of p < .05. In addition, the majority of the students had positive attitude and perception towards the effectiveness of the communicative activities used.
Study on the Water Use at the Tailwater of Nam Theun 2 Hydropower Station through the Canal of the 3rd Water Gate (Case study: Nongping and Boungbao villages) Nhommalath District, Khammounce Province
Authors:   National University of Laos, Lao PDR, Sakounkhou Khonesavanh
Published: September 2024

Water management is managed through the Nam Theun 2 hydroelectric project. The project has released water in two parts: 1) Water gates and channels release water into natural streams about 30 km long and can drain 1,200 m3/s; and 2) Releasing through the newly constructed regulating dam to the Xe Bang Fai River directly, with a length of about 27 km, can drain 330 m3/s. According to the length of the channel, there is a built water gate for 5 irrigations. Currently, only 3 water gates have been opened to supply water for production in 9 villages that depend on Nhommalath district, Khammouane province. In order to make the use of water through the channel to the maximum benefit, it can operate together between electricity generation and the actual use of water by the community. In this chapter, we have studied the amount of water flow according to the season through Regulating Dam during the past 11 years. Since 2012 to 2022, we have studied the participation of farmers in the management and use of water within the scope of agricultural land. Through comparing the amount of water flow during the past 11 years, from 2012 to 2022, The amount of water flow through the channel with the lowest flow in December 2022 is equal to 0.0 cubic meters per second caused by the stoppage of the company's electricity production to do various repairs, and the highest flow rate in November 2016 was 318.18 cubic meters per second. The reason is that the project has full production capacity to respond to the electricity buyers. Among them, the annual average flow volume with the lowest value in 2022 is equal to 153.06 cubic meters per second, and the annual average flow volume with the highest value in 2017 is equal to 239.11 cubic meters per second. At the time the company stopped production, it used a backup pump with a suction power equal to 0.083 m3/s, which was installed at 2 points to pump water into the irrigation channel for the people. The company is responsible for all costs, such as fuel for the pump, maintenance of the pump, and the water system from the pump to the channel. Assessment of farmers' participation in water management with topics such as survey participation and data collection, participation in the implementation of four seasonal plans, participation in monitoring and evaluation, and participation in the review of all outputs is at a very satisfactory level ( = 3-3.8), except for the topic of participation in determining water use regulations within the channel, and the flood problems are evaluated at a moderate level ( = 2.4). Because of management, the municipality has appointed a committee and has specific management rules. There has never been a natural disaster in the area in the past, such as a drought or flood.
A INFLUÊNCIA DE JOGOS ELETRÔNICOS EM INSTITUIÇÕES ESCOLARES
Authors: Sodre Alexsandro Costa , Dias Fabricio Tadeu , Gregorio Felipe Barboza , Barboza Douglas Vieira
Published: September 2024

Este artigo visa destacar a significativa relevância da gamificação e do pensamento computacional não apenas no âmbito educacional, mas também no contexto profissional e nas atividades cotidianas. A pesquisa foi conduzida empregando métodos tanto qualitativos quanto quantitativos para coletar dados abrangentes. Ao final do processo, adotou-se a triangulação da informação como estratégia para alcançar conclusões mais robustas. A fundamentação teórica do estudo baseou-se em materiais acadêmicos de relevância. Para ampliar a compreensão sobre a presença desses conceitos na vida diária, no ambiente de trabalho e na educação, uma lista de 15 perguntas foi elaborada e administrada a participantes engajados no universo da tecnologia. A diversidade e profundidade das respostas obtidas contribuíram para uma análise mais completa e abrangente, enriquecendo assim as conclusões alcançadas neste estudo. This article aims to highlight the significant relevance of gamification and computational thinking not only in the educational context, but also in the professional context and in everyday activities. The research was conducted employing both qualitative and quantitative methods to collect comprehensive data. At the end of the process, information triangulation was adopted as a strategy to reach more robust conclusions. The theoretical foundation of the study was based on relevant academic materials. To expand understanding of the presence of these concepts in daily life, the workplace and education, a list of 15 questions was created and administered to participants engaged in the world of technology. The diversity and depth of the responses obtained contributed to a more complete and comprehensive analysis, thus enriching the conclusions reached in this study.
O CAVALO FJORD NORUEGUÊS: UMA ANÁLISE DE SUAS CARACTERÍSTICAS E APLICAÇÕES
Authors: Anjos Eduarda dos Santos Correia Tojal dos , Silva Daniele Ferreira da , Santos Flávio Henrique Mello dos , Poncio Alana Camargo
Published: September 2024

O cavalo Fjord Norueguês, uma das raças equinas mais antigas do mundo, é amplamente reconhecido por sua robustez, versatilidade e temperamento dócil. Com raízes escandinavas, a raça é reconhecida pela robustez, temperamento dócil e capacidade de adaptação a diferentes atividades, desde tarefas agrícolas até esportes equestres e terapias assistidas por animais. Ao longo dos séculos, o Fjord Norueguês demonstrou resiliência em climas adversos e grande versatilidade, atributos que o tornaram essencial tanto para a agricultura quanto para o transporte militar. Este estudo analisa o impacto do cavalo Fjord no contexto brasileiro, levando em consideração as diretrizes da Associação Brasileira dos Criadores do Cavalo Pônei, além de explorar sua crescente popularidade em esportes e terapias equinas. A pesquisa destaca as características morfológicas, como a coloração e a estrutura física da raça, além de suas principais aptidões. Conclui-se que a raça Fjord Norueguês possui grande potencial de expansão no Brasil, especialmente em atividades voltadas à saúde e ao lazer.
ASSOCIAÇÃO DA MUTAÇÃO DO GENE ILE118 COM A SÍNDROME DO POTRO BRANCO LETAL
Authors: Pinheiro Laís Vidal de Assis , Dias Rhenyer Rangel , Alcantara Ricardo dos Santos , Nazareth Tatiana Alves de , Mello Tatiane Vital Seixas , Silva Matheus Victor Ramos da , Martins Vivian da Silva Souza , Poncio Alana Camargo
Published: September 2024

A raça Paint Horse é conhecida por sua pelagem distinta e padrões brancos variados, características que são resultado de uma complexa interação genética. Entre as mutações genéticas que afetam essa raça, a mutação no gene Ile118, responsável pela alteração no receptor de endotelina B (EDNRB), é de particular interesse devido à sua associação com a síndrome do potro branco letal (LPWS). Esta condição, fatal em potros, está relacionada a uma ausência congênita de gânglios nervosos no intestino. Diante do exposto objetiva-se analisar a relevância dessa mutação genética na pelagem do Paint Horse, destacando a importância da detecção precoce através do teste de Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR), um método amplamente utilizado para identificar mutações genéticas específicas. A metodologia baseia-se na utilização de artigos científicos disponíveis em plataforma de pesquisa acadêmica, abordando tanto a genética da pelagem quanto às implicações clínicas da mutação no gene Ile118. Os resultados desta revisão apontam para a necessidade de um maior entendimento da genética envolvida, com ênfase na aplicação do teste de PCR para a prevenção e manejo da síndrome do potro branco letal. A conclusão sublinha a importância de estratégias de criação informadas por diagnósticos moleculares precisos, a fim de mitigar os impactos desta mutação na população de Paint Horses.
FATORES MOTIVACIONAIS E AUTOESTIMA DE MULHERES PRATICANTES DE BALLET CLÁSSICO
Authors: Nunes Maria Fernanda de Siqueira Oliveira , Silva Maria Jacqueline Alves Nunes da , Oliveira Viviane Maria Moraes de
Published: September 2024

Este estudo teve como objetivo pesquisar a influência do ballet clássico na autoestima das mulheres adultas e as razões que levam esse público a procurar essa modalidade como atividade. A pesquisa, com 19 mulheres praticantes de ballet clássico e idades entre 16 e 70 anos, utilizou a “Escala de Autoestima-EAR”, de Rosemberg e foi aplicado o questionário “Inventário de motivação à prática regular de atividade física e esportiva” (IMPRAFE-126). Verificou-se que a maioria das alunas pesquisadas – 57,9% - possuem autoestima normal e 42,1% foram classificadas com baixa autoestima. O fator relevante para a procura dessa modalidade se revelou na capacidade física funcional e foi revelada uma diferença significativa no âmbito da competitividade que teve média mais elevada nas praticantes abaixo de 30 anos.  O estudo conclui que o fator idade teve importância apenas sobre a autoestima e a competitividade. Já a busca pelo prazer foi o motivo mais expressivo.
Alzheimer’s Disease and Diabetes Mellitus: Molecular Links
Authors: Konukoglu Dildar
Published: September 2024

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are major public health concerns with growing socioeconomic impacts due to increasing life expectancy. AD is marked by the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau protein tangles in the brain, leading to synaptic dysfunction, neuronal loss, and cognitive decline. T2DM is characterized by insulin secretion defects and insulin resistance, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels and associated vascular complications such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. In this chapter it has been explaned the strong link between AD and T2DM, despite their apparent differences. Both diseases share risk factors like aging, obesity, apolipoprotein E4 presence, elevated cholesterol, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance, a hallmark of T2DM, is increasingly seen as a critical factor in AD development, leading to the concept of "type 3 diabetes." The relationship between diabetes and cognitive function is crucial as cognitive deficits can impair diabetes management and independence. Diabetes-specific risk factors and comorbidities, especially the duration of diabetes, are linked to cognitive dysfunction. Chronic hyperglycemia significantly increases dementia risk, with elevated postprandial glucose levels correlating with more severe cognitive impairment. T2DM patients often have higher plasma levels of Aβ peptides, which are involved in AD pathology. Insulin dysregulation in diabetes may affect Aβ production and clearance, raising extracellular Aβ levels.
Association of Infections with Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Yilmaz Huseyin
Published: September 2024

Oskar Fischer and Alois Alzheimer first suggested a possible link to infections in 1907. Various infectious agents, including viruses, bacteria, spirochetes, fungi, and prions, have been implicated in its etiology. However, the role of these pathogens in AD is complex and intertwined with numerous other factors.

Infections may contribute to AD through several mechanisms. When an infectious agent invades the body, the host’s immune response produces a range of chemicals and proteins that can impact the brain. Additionally, the stress response, environmental factors, and treatments can all interact with infectious agents to influence disease progression. Several pathogens have been specifically studied for their potential role in AD. Fungal infections have also been proposed as a contributing factor. Despite these findings, establishing a clear causative role for infections in AD remains challenging. The interactions between infections and other risk factors highlight the complexity of AD etiology, underscoring the need for comprehensive approaches in both research and treatment to address this debilitating condition. This section discusses the role of infectious agents in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease.
Signal Transmission
Authors: Oruc Aykut , Oruc Kadriye Yagmur , Gecin Merve Nur , Seymen Hakki Oktay
Published: September 2024

Signal transmission in neurons is a fundamental process that underpins brain function and behavior. This intricate communication system relies on the precise operation of ion channels and neurotransmitters. Neurons communicate through electrical signals known as action potentials. An action potential begins when a neuron receives a sufficient stimulus, causing a rapid change in the electrical charge across its membrane. Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals across the synaptic cleft to the postsynaptic neuron. Common neurotransmitters include glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), acetylcholine, dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine. Each neurotransmitter binds to specific receptors on the postsynaptic membrane, causing ion channels to open or close, which alters the postsynaptic membrane potential. This section delves into the mechanisms of signal transmission within neurons, detailing action potential generation and propagation and the roles of ion channels and membrane potential. It offers a comprehensive analysis of synaptic transmission, explaining how neurons communicate through neurotransmitters and receptor interactions, emphasizing their role in brain information processing. Additionally, it explores the impact of metabolic dysfunctions on neuronal health, addressing how disturbances in energy metabolism can lead to neuron dysfunction and neurological diseases like Alzheimer’s. The section underscores the importance of maintaining metabolic integrity for neuronal survival and optimal function, providing a thorough understanding of neuronal physiology.
HABIB SIDDIQ-HAJV USTASI
Authors: M.F. Baxriddinova
Published: September 2024

Ushbu maqolada andijonlik hajvchi yozuvchi Habib Siddiq hayoti va ijodi haqida ma’lumot berilgan. Yozuvchi hikoyalari tahlil qilingan, hikoyalardagi satira va yumor va folklorizmga alohida to’xtalingan.

This article provides information about the life and work of the comic writer Habib Siddiq from Andijan. The writer's stories are analyzed, satire and humor in the stories and folklorism are emphasized.

В данной статье представлена информация о жизни и творчестве андижанского писателя-комика Хабиба Сиддика. Анализируются рассказы писателя, подчеркивается сатира и юмор в рассказах, фольклоризм.
Tonsillectomy and the Risk of Post-Tonsillectomy Hemorrhage: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Krkalić Amel , Mandra Harun
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Aim of article was to Retrospectively reviewed occurrence of post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage (PTH) in a population with a wide age range and assessing the association between patients’ age, time of PTH, and the need for surgery to control bleeding. Methods. A retrospective cross-sectional study of 240 patients who underwent a tonsillectomy, tonsilloadenotomy or adenectomy in our Department. Demographic parameters, indication, complication, performed operation and PHD were analyzed in patients. Results. A total of 240 patients with a mean age of 12.29 years, a median age of 8 years and an interquartile range of 5 to 15 years. In relation to the age limit of 16 years, 181 (75.4%) patients were 16 or younger, and 59 (24.6%) were over 16. 9 (5%) children had PTH, primary in 2.2%, and secondary in 2.8%. 8 adults (13.6%) had secondary PTH. Patients older than 16 had a 2.73 times higher risk of bleeding than patients younger than 16 (RR=2.73; p=0.030). In terms of gender, 9 male patients (8%) and 8 female patients (6.3%) experienced bleeding. There was no significant statistical difference (p=0.529). Conclusion. The risk of PTH has increased with age. In terms of gender, there was no difference.
Predictors Of Marketing Authorization Status Of Dipyrone Within A Country
Authors: Jankovic Slobodan , De Avellar Ramos Isabella
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Although there are numerous data about increased risk of bone marrow toxicity with dipyrone when compared to other nonsteroid anti-inﬂ ammatory drugs, it continues to be marketed in many countries. The aim of this study was to identify currently unknown putative predictors of dipyrone having marketing authorization in a country. Methods. The study was designed as secondary research of a cross-sectional type. The data were collected from web pages of relevant international and national entities. The main outcome variable of the study was dipyrone marketing authorization status within a country. The data were analyzed by both uni- and multi-variate statistics, including logistic regression. Results. The following factors showed signiﬁ cant inﬂ uence on marketing authorization status of dipyrone: Current Health Expenditure per capita (p = 0.02), Gross Domestic Product per capita (p = 0.02), Incarceration Rate (per 100.000 population) (p = 0.04), and overall Global Innovati-on Index (p = 0.04). However, after adjustment, the multivariate analysis showed that the most important predictor was Current Health Expenditure per capita (p = 0.01). Conclusion. The use of medications already considered by many to be obsolete and even dan-gerous due to their low beneﬁ ts/harm ratio seems related to the underdevelopment of a country. There is a need for further research into ways to help these countries make better choices about the use of potentially harmful drugs and other health technologies.
Analisis Mahasiswa PGMI Dalam Mengembangkan Bahan Ajar Pembelajaran IPA Berbasis Lingkungan Sekitar
Authors: Zakiyah Suci
Published: September 2024

Pentingnya pengembangan bahan ajar oleh guru didasari banyaknya pokok bahasan yang memerlukan pemahaman yang seringkali tidak ditemukan di dalam buku teks, diantaranya pada mata pelajaran IPA. Mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA) menekankan pemahaman konsep yang berkaitan dengan kehidupan sehari-hari dan lebih berbasis lingkungan sekitar baik di rumah maupun di sekolah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan analisis kemampuan mahasiswa dalam mengembangkan bahan ajar ipa berbasis lingkungan sekitar, mendeskripsikan langkah pengembangannya, kemudian mengembangkan bahan ajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptifbertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan analisis mahasiswa Program Studi PGMI IAI Tasikmalaya dalam mengembangkan bahan ajar IPA berbasis lingkungan sekitar yang menarik dan layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran di SD/MI. Subjek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa program studi PGMI IAI Tasikmalaya semester 6 yang berjumlah 20 mahasiswa. Instrumen utama dalam penelitian ini adalah peneliti. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa 35% mahasiswa termasuk kategori kurang, 45% mahasiswa termasuk kategori baik, dan 20% mahasiswa termasuk kategori sangat baik.
NGHIÊN CỨU MỘT SỐ ĐẶC ĐIỂM CẤU TRÚC RỪNG CỘNG ĐỒNG TẠI TỈNH QUẢNG BÌNH
Authors: Trần Trung Thành , Nguyễn Phương Văn , Lê Thị Hương Giang
Published: September 2024

Trong nghiên cứu này, 132 ô tiêu chuẩn (OTC) đã được thiết lập tại 3 bản ở tỉnh Quảng Bình (49 OTC tại Bản Cổ Tràng, 72 OTC tại bản Phú Minh và 11 OTC tại bản Cà Roòng 2) để nghiên cứu một số đặc điểm cấu trúc quan trọng của rừng cộng đồng. Theo đó, các nhân tố cấu trúc: tổ thành rừng (chỉ số quan trọng) và chỉ số đa dạng sinh học (độ giàu loài, độ phong phú, chỉ số Shannon, chỉ số đa dạng Simpson) được tập trung nghiên cứu bằng các phương pháp phổ quát. Kết quả cho thấy, rừng cộng đồng ở các địa phương nghiên cứu cơ bản đang trong quá trình phục hồi tốt, thành phần loài cây khá đa dạng với những loài cây đặc trưng của khu vực. Trong các trạng thái rừng ở bản Cổ Tràng, 2 loài Chủa và Táu có chỉ số mức độ quan trọng (IVI%) cao nhất trong số 10 loài ưu thế xuất hiện trong công thức tổ thành. Loài Táu có mật độ và chỉ số IVI% cao, tại bản Cổ Tràng là 42 cây/ha và 20,5%; ở bản Phú Minh là 59 cây/ha và 32,2%. Trong khi đó, tại bản Cà Roòng 2, loài Trâm có mật độ và chỉ số IVI% cao nhất (đạt 116 cây/ha và 37,7%). Kết quả nghiên cứu các chỉ số đa dạng sinh học cho thấy, rừng cộng đồng tại khu vực nghiên cứu có độ giàu loài cao và chỉ số đa dạng loài tương đối cao đặc biệt tại bản Cổ Tràng và Phú Minh.
SINH TRƯỞNG VÀ HÀM LƯỢNG MỘT SỐ THÀNH PHẦN DƯỢC LIỆU CỦA BA LOÀI LAN KIM TUYẾN THUỘC CHI Anoectochilus sp. TRỒNG THÂM CANH DƯỚI TÁN RỪNG TỰ NHIÊN VÀ DƯỚI MÁI CHE TẠI HUYỆN TÂN UYÊN, TỈNH LAI CHÂU
Authors: Triệu Hưng , Trương Trọng Khôi , Nguyễn Thị Hoài Anh , Ninh Việt Khương , Trịnh Ngọc Bon , Vũ Tiến Lâm , Nguyễn Quang Hưng , Trần Hải Long , Lê Hồng Liên , Vũ Văn Nam , Hoàng Việt Dũng Dũng
Published: September 2024

Kết quả đánh giá khả năng sinh trưởng, hàm lượng một số thành phần dược liệu của ba loài thuộc chi Lan kim tuyến (Anoectochilus Blume), gồm: Lan kim tuyến thon (A. lanceolatus Lindl), Lan kim tuyến đá vôi (A. calcareus Aver), Lan kim tuyến tơ (A. setaceus Blume) và cây Lan kim tuyến tơ nuôi cấy mô trồng thâm canh dưới tán rừng tự nhiên và dưới mái che sau 16 tháng trồng ở xã Hố Mít, huyện Tân Uyên, tỉnh Lai Châu. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, cây trồng dưới tán rừng có tỷ lệ sống (87,5 - 93,5%), các chỉ tiêu sinh trưởng (đường kính thân 2,96 - 3,38 mm; chiều cao vút ngọn 7,56 - 11,08 cm; 3,67 - 4,34 lá/cây; 3,61 - 6,23 đốt/thân) và chất lượng dược liệu (hàm lượng flavonoid tổng số 3,37 - 4,95%; hàm lượng polysaccharide tổng số 5,27 - 7,18%) cao hơn so với cây trồng dưới mái che. Các loài Lan kim tuyến trồng đều có chất lượng tốt và khả năng chống chịu với sâu, bệnh hại cao. Hàm lượng (%) flavonoid tổng số và polysaccharide tổng số của các loài Lan kim tuyến trồng trong mô hình thâm canh dưới tán rừng tự nhiên và dưới mái che (hàm lượng flavonoid tổng số 3,21 - 4,95% và hàm lượng polysaccharide tổng số 4,38 - 4,89%) không có sự chênh lệch lớn so với các loài Lan kim tuyến phân bố ngoài tự nhiên (tương ứng với 2,89 - 3,73% và 3,32 - 6,26%), một phần có thể do sự tích lũy dinh dưỡng của các loài trồng trong các điều kiện gây trồng khác nhau. Loài Lan kim tuyến thon có tỷ lệ sống và sinh trưởng cao nhất, nhưng chất lượng dược liệu thấp hơn so với loài Lan kim tuyến đá vôi, Lan kim tuyến tơ và cây Lan kim tuyến tơ nuôi cấy mô. Các loài Lan kim tuyến trồng đều có có khả năng sinh trưởng tốt, chất lượng dược liệu cao, phù hợp với điều kiện khí hậu, đất đai tại xã Hồ Mít, huyện Tân Uyên, tỉnh Lai Châu và có thể phát triển nhân rộng sản xuất.
Direito do trabalho e literatura
Authors: Oliveira Ariete
Published: September 2024

Analisa as violências interseccionalizadas aos direitos humanos e fundamentais denunciadas na obra de Itamar Vieira, Torto Arado, que advêm pelas relações de trabalho vivenciadas por descendentes de trabalhadores escravos. Para tanto, foi utilizada a revisão bibliográfica nacional que envolve a temática de forma crítica e descritiva. Nesse contexto verificou-se o conceito de direitos humanos e fundamentais e, posteriormente, apontou-se a desigualdade material existente na obra, num claro desequilíbrio social de submissão e de subjulgamento da condição humana às diversas violências, o que se caracteriza numa violência ao estado democrático de dinheiro. Conclui-se ser necessário que o cumprimento dos compromissos assumidos no âmbito do regime internacional, bem como pelos direitos fundamentais previstos no âmbito interno, pelo Brasil, seja concretizado através de política públicas afirmativas para buscar efetivamente a igualação social e o direito ao trabalho digno.
Dano existencial
Authors: Dvorak Patrícia , Caggiano Polyana
Published: September 2024

O dano existencial, conceito este oriundo do direito italiano e positivado pela Lei n. 13467/2017, atinge o trabalhador em seu contexto de existência associada à sua atividade. A supressão de sua existência dentro das relações sociais, familiares e pessoais prejudica sua integração na sociedade, podendo causar sentimentos de tristeza, amargura e angústia. O artigo tem como objetivo analisar como o dano existencial e sua tarifação instituída pela reforma trabalhista atingem os direitos fundamentais. Como procedimento metodológico, foi adotado o tipo descritivo com revisão bibliográfica com o propósito de compreender o contexto de sua incidência. Diante dos elementos apresentados, foi possível observar que a metodologia estabelecida pelo legislador fere princípios fundamentais do direito e inviabiliza o caráter pedagógico da indenização.
Controle do tempo, formas hibridizadas e a realidade possível em um mundo do trabalho em transformação
Authors: Kunz Cristiane Barbosa , Machado Sidnei
Published: September 2024

A jornada sempre foi elemento essencial para a verificação das questões relativas ao trabalho. Nesse sentido, em um ambiente complexo em que a hibridização se mostra cada vez mais, é essencial olhar para o tempo de trabalho e perceber sua importância no campo de disputa das regulações atuais. O artigo volta o olhar justamente a este ponto. Para tanto, realiza a análise de dados estatísticos relativos a período pretérito, juntamente com revisão bibliográfica acerca das alterações legislativas no Brasil em momento posterior. Com isso se busca observar o tempo como medida das alterações mais importantes e elemento essencial mesmo no contexto da hibridização das relações juslaborativas.
Os desafios da inclusão social dos autistas no mercado de trabalho brasileiro
Authors: Martins Islane Archanjo Rocha , Nogueira Bernardo Gomes Barbosa , Oliveira Raquel Alecsa da Silva
Published: September 2024

O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é reconhecido por sua repercussão nas áreas de interação social, comunicação e pelo modo delimitado das ações de seus portadores. Tais particularidades, várias vezes, não são de interesse para o mercado de trabalho. Entretanto, dessa maneira, os portadores desse transtorno passam por discriminações que dificultam a eles mostrarem suas capacidades nas mais diversas áreas do mercado de trabalho. O objetivo é principal apresentar os direitos que os portadores desse transtorno possuem e os desafios para a sua introdução no mercado de trabalho. O portador do transtorno do espectro autista está cada vez mais presente no mercado de trabalho e, nesse sentido, há uma grande necessidade de mais pesquisas nesta área específica, para que se tenha maior conhecimento sobre esse transtorno e, consequentemente, haja uma efetiva inclusão dos autistas no mercado de trabalho.
Advogados são aprovados em concursos públicos?
Authors: Campos André Gambier
Published: September 2024

Por conta de fatores relacionados à sua situação laboral, os advogados enfrentam diversos obstáculos em concursos públicos. Obstáculos que não são enfrentados por outros concorrentes, que já trabalham como servidores do sistema de Justiça – como técnicos e analistas judiciais, por exemplo. O objetivo neste artigo é formular hipóteses explicativas para as dificuldades que os advogados encontram nesses concursos – especialmente, naqueles mais relevantes da área jurídica, como os da Magistratura do Trabalho. Essas hipóteses explicativas são construídas a partir da utilização de evidências empíricas, com destaque para aquelas oriundas do 1º Concurso Público Nacional Unificado da Magistratura do Trabalho.
Produtividade da prestação jurisprudencial na Justiça do Trabalho
Authors: Silva Marcos Antonio de Souza
Published: September 2024

A produtividade da prestação jurisdicional é tema bastante relevante no que tange à aplicação do direito. São diversas as ocasiões em que a sociedade se sente injustiçada quando determinado direito é reconhecido, mas não é alcançado, traduzido rotineiramente pelo conhecido jargão: ganhou, mas não levou. O objeto do presente estudo visa a avaliar a baixa processual como índice que representa a produtividade, como os Conselho Nacional de Justiça e o Tribunal Superior do Trabalho a conceituam numericamente e como os tribunais podem trabalhar no sentido de melhorar seus índices.
Teoria do desvio produtivo e o direito do trabalho
Authors: Balazeiro Alberto Bastos , Rocha Afonso de Paula Pinheiro , Macedo Yvila Maria Pitombeira
Published: September 2024

Devido à sua escassez, o tempo tornou-se um recurso extremamente valioso e adquiriu um valor que vai além da dimensão econômica na sociedade moderna. Apesar disso, os consumidores ainda enfrentam negligência por parte dos fornecedores nas relações de consumo no Brasil. O sistema jurídico ainda resiste quanto à possibilidade de reparação civil em casos de apropriação indevida do tempo. No entanto, essa postura está gradualmente sendo alterada na doutrina e jurisprudência, reconhecendo os direitos dos consumidores de forma mais abrangente e o impacto negativo que a negligência na gestão do tempo pode ter em suas vidas. Acompanhando essa evolução, o objetivo deste artigo é demonstrar a importância do tempo, o arcabouço jurídico que sustenta sua proteção e os requisitos da responsabilidade civil que permitem a reparação por sua perda indevida nas relações de consumo e além delas, especialmente na seara trabalhista. Adicionalmente, analisam-se as situações que afetam o tempo do trabalhador, para ao final concluir-se sobre a viabilidade nesta esfera jurídica da utilização da tese do desvio produtivo. Neste estudo será adotada a metodologia bibliográfica, de natureza descritiva – qualitativa e exploratória.
Air Sebagai Lambang Realitas Baru Kajian Sosio Air Sebagai Lambang Realitas Baru Kajian Sosio-Ekologi mengenai Air dalam Yohanes 3:1-21
Authors: Oktovionaldi Bala Limbong
Published: September 2024

Air adalah sumber daya penting untuk mendukung kebutuhan dasar manusia seperti minum, mencuci, memasak, dan irigasi pertanian. Sehingga air memainkan peran penting dalam kehidupan sosial, juga budaya umat manusia. Sebagai simbol spiritual dan religi, air dapat memiliki berbagai makna dan tujuan dalam masyarakat. Dalam upacara keagamaan seperti upacara penyucian, wudhu, dan pembaptisan, air sering digunakan. Di beberapa budaya, air juga digunakan dalam ritual adat seperti pernikahan, pemakaman, dan perayaan kelahiran sebagai tanda kebersihan dan kesucian. Air dipercaya memiliki kemampuan untuk membersihkan dan menghilangkan dosa, kesalahan, atau yang melekat dengan hal-hal duniawi. Melalui ritual pencucian dengan air, individu dianggap membersihkan diri dan menyucikan jiwa mereka sebagai persiapan untuk berhubungan dengan hal suci atau memasuki kehadiran yang murni. Berangkat dari hal ini, selain memiliki fungsi sosial, tidaklah mengherankan jika air terkadang dianggap sebagai instrumenal yang bersifat simbolik dalam agama.