bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Distractions: An Analysis of Phone Usage Patterns, Cultural Influences, and Academic Performance Among University Students
Authors: Martens Wil , Su Hsin-Kun , Pang Justin Matthew , Wu Shao Chuan
Published: April 2024

This study delves into the dynamics of phone usage patterns, cultural influences, and academic performance among university students across Taiwan and Vietnam, examining 387 students via an online survey. Contrary to the predictions of cognitive load theory, the findings reveal that the mere proximity of phones during study sessions does not directly impact academic performance. Instead, the study identifies several moderating factors that shape this relationship. Notably, the quality of the university, the field of study, and specific cultural orientations—particularly long-term orientation and indulgence—significantly influence how phone location affects performance. Students from higher-ranked universities and those with a strong long-term focus exhibited greater resilience to potential distractions posed by nearby phones, while indulgent tendencies tended to amplify the negative impacts. These findings underscore the pivotal role of cultural context in effectively addressing digital distractions within educational settings. Advocating for a culturally responsive approach, the study suggests that interventions and policies should be specifically tailored to the distinct cultural, institutional, and individual factors that influence students’ interactions with technology and its effects on learning. By embracing this multifaceted understanding, educators and policymakers can develop more effective strategies to enhance student focus and academic success in the digital era.
Correlates of Nicotine Dependence Among Current Cigarette Smokers in Nigeria
Authors: Oyapero Afolabi , Erinoso Olufemi , Osoba Moyosoore , Osibogun Olatokunbo
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:_ _The level of dependence on nicotine, the main addictive chemical in tobacco, is a substance-related disorder that can be utilized to characterize diverse populations of cigarette smokers and also to determine the effectiveness of individualized smoking cessation intervention programs.

AIM: This study investigates the correlates of nicotine dependence among current established cigarette smokers in Nigeria.

SETTINGS:_ _We conducted a cross-sectional survey among a cohort of current established cigarette smokers (100+ sticks in a lifetime and someday/everyday cigarette smokers) in Lagos, Nigeria.

METHODS: The dependent measure was nicotine dependence (ND) using the Fagerstrom scale; independent measures were demographics, harm perception, binge alcohol drinking, and past-year internalizing and externalizing problems. Logistic regression models were used to investigate factors associated with severe nicotine dependence.

RESULTS: The analytic sample was drawn from 487 adults. Within our sample, 69%, 27%, and 3.9% had low, moderate, and severe ND levels, respectively (_p-value_: 0.02); while among daily cigarette smokers, 48.1%, 44.3%, and 7.6% had low, moderate and severe ND levels, respectively (_p-value_: <0.001). In the regression analysis, older age (aOR:1.03; 95% CI:1.01,1.06) and being male (vs, female) (aOR:3.70; 95% CI:1.58,8.15), and reduced cigarette harm perceptions (aOR:2.85; 95% CI: 1.75,4.66) were associated with increased odds of moderate/severe ND.

CONCLUSION: Older age, males, and those with reduced harm perceptions about cigarette use had increased odds of moderate/severe ND. Our preliminary findings provide baseline results characterizing use behaviors among relatively understudied current established cigarette smokers in Nigeria.

CONTRIBUTIONS: All Authors were involved inConceptualization, Data Curation, Formal Analysis, Writing - Review and Editing and Project Administration.
Metodologías para la reducción de xenofobia aplicadas en prácticas preprofesionales con comunidades juveniles venezolanas
Authors: Suárez Pinzón Janina Fernanda , Tigrero Vaca Jorge William
Published: April 2024

El presente estudio analiza metodologías para la reducción de la xenofobia aplicadas en prácticas preprofesionales, principalmente hacia comunidades juveniles venezolanas, en el contexto de las acciones implementadas por la Universidad de las Artes de Guayaquil, Ecuador. Se detallan proyectos desarrollados en el marco de materias asociadas a la vinculación con la comunidad, en los cuales se implementan estrategias basadas en la investigación acción participativa y con enfoque inclusivo, tales como Respiramos Inclusión y la Escuela de Liderazgo Social y Comunitario. En ellas se posibilitan acciones en las que los estudiantes generan aprendizajes y aportan a la consecución de sus propios procesos creativos. Entre los principales resultados de la metodología implementada se destaca que, desde el año 2019 a la actualidad, se han sistematizado los procesos en la publicación del libro Pedagogías de las artes y humanidades: Praxis, investigación e interculturalidad. La trascendencia que han tenido los proyectos descritos puede verse reflejada en el Premio Iberoamericano de Educación en Derechos Humanos Óscar Arnulfo Romero, en el que el proyecto Caja de Herramientas para la Educación No Formal de la Red de Defensoras y Defensores de los Derechos Humanos y de la Naturaleza ganó la categoría B, “ONG y organizaciones de la sociedad civil”.
Fachkräfte in der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe: Bestand, Lücken, Gewinnung, Bedarfe in NRW
Authors:   Autor:innengruppe Forschungsverbund DJI/TU Dortmund
Published: April 2024

Vor dem Hintergrund der in der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe vielerorts immer brisanter werdenden Fachkräftelücke in Deutschland deuten sich viele offene Fragen an: Wie stellt sich der gegenwärtige Fachkräftebestand dar? Wie viele Fachkräfte fehlen aktuell und künftig in Kindertageseinrichtungen? Welche Lücken offenbaren sich in anderen Feldern der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe? Welche Ausbildungspotenziale bestehen mit Blick auf die Fachkräftegewinnung? Diesen Fragen geht diese materialreiche Studie zur gesamten Kinder- und Jugendhilfe am Beispiel Nordrhein-Westfalens nach. Auf Grundlage einer datenbasierten Bestandsaufnahme zum Personal werden die aktuellen und künftigen Herausforderungen, vor denen die Kinder- und Jugendhilfe in ihrer Gesamtheit steht, aufgezeigt. Eine Vorausberechnung für den Personalbedarf in Kindertageseinrichtungen und in den stationären Hilfen zur Erziehung bis zum Jahr 2035 runden die Studie ab.
ВПЛИВ КОРПОРАТИВНОЇ СТРАТЕГІЇ НА ОБЛІКОВО-АНАЛІТИЧНУ СИСТЕМУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Реслер Марина
Published: April 2024

У цій статті досліджується вплив корпоративної стратегії на обліково-аналітичну систему підприємства, підкреслюється взаємодія між стратегічними цілями та практикою фінансового менеджменту. Вибір корпоративної стратегії глибоко впливає на проектування, розробку та використання обліково-аналітичної системи на підприємстві. По-перше, корпоративна стратегія впливає на дизайн і конфігурацію обліково-аналітичної системи для узгодження зі стратегічними цілями та пріоритетами. По-друге, корпоративна стратегія визначає обсяг і глибину фінансової інформації, необхідної для прийняття стратегічних рішень і оцінки ефективності. Підсумовуючи, вплив корпоративної стратегії на обліково-аналітичну систему підприємства підкреслює важливість узгодження практики фінансового менеджменту зі стратегічними цілями для стимулювання ефективності організації та створення вартості.
Collaborazioni etero-organizzate e libertà nel lavoro. Le implicazioni della distinzione tra fase genetica e fase esecutiva del rapporto in una recente pronuncia di merito
Authors: Martelloni Federico
Published: April 2024

L'articolo sottolinea l'importanza dei più recenti approdi della giurisprudenza di merito in tema di rapporti di lavoro mediati da piattaforme digitali. Il contenzioso dei rider costituisce, infatti, ancora una volta, un utile banco di prova per verificare la portata e gli effetti di alcune importanti innovazioni normative – oltre all'art. 2, c. 1, d.lgs. 81/2015, come novellato dalla l. 128/2019, anche le c.d. norme anti-delocalizzazioni contenute all'art. 1, cc. 233-238 della l. 234/2021 – che hanno contribuito a ridefinire i confini della protezione giuslavoristica. L'Autore si sofferma sulla distinzione tra fase genetica e fase esecutiva del rapporto di collaborazione etero-organizzata, fatta propria dal Tribunale di Milano con sentenza del 19 ottobre 2023, sottolineandone le implicazioni: in tema di qualificazione del rapporto, continuatività e disciplina applicabile. Su queste basi, si osserva come il sistema giuridico italiano, arricchito dalla nuova figura, sia oggi più vicino all'originario disegno costituzionale, che accorda tutela in tutte le situazioni soggettive d'inferiorità, debolezza e diseguaglianza.
The Italian Communist Party in Somalia between colonial legacies and party pedagogy
Authors: Fugazzotto Giulio
Published: April 2024

This article addresses a number of historiographical questions about the relationship between Italian communism and colonialism. It does so by analysing the presence of a section of the Italian Communist Party in Mogadishu in 1942. After describing its origins and relations with the military administration and the Italian community in British-occupied Somalia, the article examines the activities of the communists in Mogadishu and their relationship with the party, from which the local section seems to have been quite autonomous. While this confirms that the ideas and practices of the communist movement circulated well beyond the networks of the Third International, it is also an atypical element in the political context of those years. The article then identifies the section's recruitment of militants in British prison camps as a peculiar variation of the Tolliattian ‘new party', before concluding with a discussion of the paternalist and colonialist attitudes underlying the exclusion of Somalis from the section's political horizon.
I tempi del bambino e i tempi della giustizia: analisi dei procedimenti penali per abuso sessuale in danno di minori
Authors: Di Blasio Paola , Miragoli Sarah , De Rui Laura
Published: April 2024

Questa ricerca analizza le fasi del processo penale di reati sessuali contro minorenni iscritti presso il Tribunale Ordinario di Milano. Obiettivo dello studio è comprendere sia i tempi delle diverse fasi, attraverso cui si sviluppa il processo, sia le caratteristiche delle vittime e dei perpetratori, le forme di violenza e l'esito dei procedimenti. La ricerca è stata realizzata attraverso la consultazione di due fonti: il database informatico riservato (Re.Ge. 2.2.) del Tribunale, che contiene informazioni sintetiche sugli imputati, le parti lese, le fasi dell'iter processuale ed i provvedimenti; b) 123 fascicoli contenti dati più completi (anche qualitativi) sulle procedure adottate nell'ambito del procedimento. Attraverso il database Re.Ge. sono stati esaminati tutti i procedimenti penali (N=529) iscritti dal marzo 1996 al marzo 2003, riguardanti il reato dell'art 609 bis e 609 ter contro autori noti; attraverso i fascicoli relativi a 123 procedimenti penali sono state esaminate 160 vittime e di 153 imputati.
Fattori di mediazione dell'esperienza traumatica nei bambini maltrattati
Authors: Di Blasio Paola , Camisasca Elena , Procaccia Rossella
Published: April 2024

Questa ricerca si colloca nell'alveo degli studi volti a comprendere quali fattori individuali e relazionali svolgano un ruolo di mediazione nel ridurre o amplificare l'impatto negativo della violenza sull'adattamento psicologico. Il campione globale della ricerca è composto da 118 bambini di cui 60 vittime di maltrattamenti accertati (età media 10,95) e 58 non maltrattati (età media 9,2 anni). Le dimensioni psicologiche analizzate in entrambi i gruppi sono state: legame di attaccamento, livello intellettivo, strategie di coping e comportamenti di internalizzazione e di esternalizzazione. Nel gruppo di maltrattati sono state rilevate le caratteristiche della violenza in termini di tipologia e di durata. Le differenze tra gruppi evidenziano livelli di competenza bassi nei bambini maltrattati, in tutte le dimensioni. L'approfondimento condotto sul gruppo dei maltrattati individua nel coping di distrazione il mediatore tra durata delle violenza e sintomi di esternalizzazione. Per i sintomi di internalizzazione il modello di mediazione non viene confermato e il coping di evitamento, il legame di attaccamento e la violenza con minaccia all'integrità fisica esercitano effetti diretti.
Conflittualità genitoriale e sintomatologia da stress post-traumatico nei figli: uno studio esplorativo
Authors: Camisasca Elena , Miragoli Sarah , Di Blasio Paola
Published: April 2024

In letteratura sono noti gli effetti negativi dell'esposizione al conflitto genitoriale sull'adattamento dei figli, in termini di problemi di internalizzazione ed esternalizzazione, mentre sono meno indagate le conseguenze post-traumatiche. In un gruppo normativo di 90 famiglie con bambini di età scolare, questo studio esplorativo si propone di: 1) rilevare la presenza della sintomatologia post-traumatica in bambini esposti a lievi versus intensi con-flitti genitoriali, e 2) indagare i fattori di mediazione nella relazione tra conflitto genitoriale e sintomatologia post-traumatica, prendendo come riferimento il modello Cognitivo-Contestuale e l'ipotesi della Sicurezza Emotiva. I risultati mostrano come in condizioni di conflitto intenso la minaccia percepita svolga un ruolo di mediazione sui sintomi di ansia, depressione, PTS e dissociazione, e le rappresentazioni distruttive sulla rabbia. In condizio-ni di conflitto lieve, invece, il distress emotivo svolge un ruolo di mediazione sui sintomi ansiosi e le rappresentazioni distruttive sulla rabbia.
Quali insegnamenti possono apprendere i Servizi di protezione e cura dell'infanzia maltrattata dalle Neuroscienze?
Authors: Cheli Mariagnese , Massi Laura
Published: April 2024

Le conoscenze acquisite dalle scienze del neurosviluppo, in particolare dalla neurobio-logia interpersonale sugli effetti strutturali e funzionali del child abuse, possono stimola-re una riflessione utile ai professionisti impegnati nei servizi di protezione e cura dell'infanzia e adolescenza? Il presente contributo intende esaminare alcune suggestioni offerte da questo interessante corpus teorico che non solo individua le conseguenze sistemiche del child abuse sullo sviluppo, ma anche le variabili riparative di questa espe-rienza sfavorevole. Lo scopo è sostenere la resilience del bambino/adolescente nelle sue dimensioni fondanti lo sviluppo, ambito in cui dovrebbero sempre trovare un'integrazione gli interventi, ma anche la resilience dei professionisti coinvolti, al fine di garantire quella che sembra essere la variabile che maggiormente sostiene l'efficacia degli interventi di cura: il ripristino del senso di sicurezza in un ambiente autenticamente intersoggettivo, partendo dalla premessa che la mente è un complesso sistema sociale.
México obeso. Actualidades y perspectivas
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, López Espinoza Antonio , Martínez Moreno Alma Gabriela , López Uriarte Patricia Josefina , Katz Mónica Teresa , Espinoza Gallardo Ana Cristina , Demaria Pesce Víctor Hugo , Aguilera Cervantes Virginia Gabriela , Macías Macías Alejandro , Sevilla García Yolanda Lizeth , Salazar Estrada José Guadalupe , Martínez Selva José María , Magaña González Claudia Rocío , Ezzahra Housni Fátima , Meléndez Torres Juana María , González Briseño Nadia Xochiquetzalli , Llanes Cañedo Claudia , Pavelka Joseph Paul , Barragán Carmona María del Carmen , Zepeda Salvador Ana Patricia , Perillán Méndez María del Carmen , Argüelles Luis Juan , Sánchez Caballero Berenice , Valdés Miramontes Elia Herminia , Guzmán Aburto Martha Beatriz , Santoyo Telles Felipe , Jiménez López Karla Lizbet , Ortega Vélez María Isabel , Vázquez Cisneros Lucía Cristina , Rodríguez Huertas Jesús Francisco , Velázquez López Héctor Julián , Mancilla Díaz Juan Manuel , Ocampo Téllez Girón María Trinidad , Vázquez Arévalo Rosalía , López Aguilar Xóchitl , Nieblas Ceceña Adriana , Gómez Reyes Elisa , García Flores Carmen Livier , Madrid Pérez Juan Antonio , Navarro Meza Mónica , Ramos Ibarra María Luisa , Torres Bugarín Olivia , Rodríguez Lara Avilene , Damián Medina Karla Alejandra , González Contreras Delhi Alejandra , Macías Gómez Nelly Margarita , Hernández Leonardo Fernando , García Camacho Karina Anaí , Miramontes Salazar Mónica , Huerta de la Torre Ámbar Itzhel Rha , Solano Santos Laura Vanesa , Mancilla González Rocío , Aranda Ramírez María Pilar , Ruelas Castillo María Guadalupe , del Río Valdivia José Encarnación , Velasco Larios Manuel Jaime , Pérez López Martha Patricia , López Cardona Rosa Anahí , Franco Paredes Karina , Bautista Díaz María Leticia
Published: April 2024

En México, cada vez se registran más casos de sobrepeso y obesidad, al grado de convertirse en uno de los primeros a nivel mundial en esta categoría. A pesar de los esfuerzos de disciplinas para controlar este fenómeno a nivel mundial, los resultados son negativos. Esta obra incluye y particulariza aquellas variables de estudio que se relacionan con la obesidad y su crecimiento en el país. Aquí se analizarán la diversidad de perspectivas que tienen que ver con esta problemática, partiendo desde su definición, incidencia, medición y control, hasta llegar al análisis de su relación con otras patologías y el contexto alimentario actual.
Largo da Peça in Benguela (Angola) and the Municipal Market in São Tomé (Sao Tomé and Príncipe)
Authors: Smaniotto Costa Carlos , Aragão Nagayamma , Santos Isaac , Neto Diderot
Published: April 2024

African cities face complex dilemmas and transformation processes, related to social, environmental, and political-economic dimensions, these affect the quality of life of their citizens. Public spaces are one important indicator of urban quality of life and an essential tool for spatial planning and land-use management. They are a symbol of collective power and the link between citizens and government, as here publicness is practised and experienced. This contribution aims to provide insights into how public spaces in Angola and Sao Tomé and Principe that have been neglected by the governments are still places of socialisation and interaction. The cities of Benguela and São Tomé share common historical paths; created during the Portuguese colonial time, they became the centre of their regions. We take a public space in each city to discuss the usability and from this to address the potential and development challenges. The two cases are the Largo da Peça (Angola), whose name was taken from a cannon placed here in 1846. The cannon is a reminder of the Portuguese defence against the attacks of the native people. The second case refers to the surroundings of the Municipal Market Hall in the city of São Tomé (Sao Tomé and Príncipe). The Market Hall is one of the first modernist projects in the art deco architectural style built in the small insular country. Backed by documentary research and field observations this study provides insights on the current use of public spaces and the challenges public space development face in post-colonial African cities. The analysis suggests that although the lack of an effective public policy for public space management and development, both spaces have become places of collective interaction.
Urban Infrastructure Redevelopments and Loss of Public Commons
Authors: Moyo Shoko Precious
Published: April 2024

The city of Kitwe experienced a surge in the construction of shopping malls between 2010 and 2020. Government’s deliberate efforts for city making and restructuring policy in the built environment has resulted in increased commercial and tourism infrastructure and amenities in the previous decade. These have replaced the city’s public spaces such as Kitwe Zoo and Freedom Park, while small community playing fields dotted around the city are continuously under threat of redevelopment. This paper seeks to explain the physical transformation of Kitwe and the failure by government and local authorities to conserve and protect urban public space in their bid to hasten the redevelopment of the city. Through qualitative case study research approach and purposive sampling, the study will illuminate on the emergence of large-scale shopping malls in Kitwe and their influence in and around the Parklands neighbourhoods and the city of Kitwe. Results indicate that there has been phenomenal urban growth in Kitwe following the construction of the malls. Private housing surrounding the malls have been replaced by high-end office parks and apartments, restaurants and coffee shops, private clinics and other commercial establishments as homeowners cashed an offer they couldn’t refuse. Both Mukuba and Edgar Chagwa Lungu Malls are a result of a process systematically accelerated and facilitated by the state and its institutions. Inevitably, the construction of these spaces is not only changing the urban landscape but it is also changing the social dynamics, the history of the city and remaking the city as a whole.
Legislative Framework Influencing Public Space Development
Authors: Akkiah Puvendra
Published: April 2024

People-Centred Public Spaces are attentive to the needs of communities, democratic, and responsive to the spatial environment of cities. Public space is a key component for cities in sustaining a viable people-centred public realm. This article provides an insight into the legislative framework that influenced the expression of public space on the spatial footprint of South African cities. Whilst Legislation does provide an enabling framework for spatial development including that of public spaces, in the South African Context there are contrasting examples of spatial development due to the impact of Apartheid-Related legislation. This article delves further into the impact of legislation that enforced physical separation of race groups on the development of people-centred public space as well the transition to developmental Local Government.
Lived Urban Form
Authors: Viderman Tihomir , Geddes Ilaria , Psathiti Chrystala
Published: April 2024

The urban form is a political and social arena. It is produced as a composite of sediments of various ways of living, of complex flow of history, of relationships and subjectivities through which people build and exercise their agency to negotiate and change contingent urban realities. Studies of urban form have so far confronted the challenge of grasping this complexity by scrutinizing a city's physical features. However, this paper puts forward a proposition that urban morphological approaches can also be resourceful tools for conceptualizing and scrutinizing dynamic relations between plural urban realities and transformations of the physical urban fabric. By drawing on the experiences from the Erasmus+ project Emerging Perspectives on Urban Morphologies (EPUM), this paper suggests a multidisciplinary, open educational framework combining various urban morphological approaches as a productive means of developing an understanding of multifaceted spatializations of lived space within urban form, as well as materializations of urban form within lived space. Such an endeavour can extend the study of urban form beyond the focus on an object, to embrace the processes, practices and agents of the production of the built environment, including multiple tensions between changing scales and material manifestations of political, economic and social relations.
A korai vasbetonépítés kevésbé ismert szerkezetei a Budapest Fasori evangélikus templomban
Authors: Gálos Miklós
Published: April 2024

Az 1903 és 1905 között épült Budapest-Fasori Evangélikus Gimnázium és templom épületegyüttesében a korai vasbeton építés máig használatba levő szerkezetei vannak. A több, mint 100 éves templomépületben a sekrestye és a karzati lépcsőház zárófödémje, valamint a mellékhajó karzatát alátámasztó burkolt acélszerkezetű oszlop, mind-mind Zielinski Szilárd, a vasbetonépítés „apostolának” műve. A toronytestben, a négyszögletes alaprajzú térben kialakított ívelt karú vasbeton csigalépcső a korai vasbetonépítés remeke.
Bridging Technology and Language Learning: A Comprehensive Analysis of CALL Integration within Second Language Acquisition
Authors: Mohamed Idrissi  , Nadir El Morabit  , Mohamed El Kandoussi
Published: April 2024

The imperative need for understanding the role of CALL in SLA, as well as its effectiveness, is at the heart of discussions and conferences worldwide about CALL and SLA. The link between CALL and SLA has become closely correlated and more powerful. Therefore, it has become much easier for educators and specialists in the field of education and second language acquisition to notice the huge diversity of links between CALL and SLA. Thus, any discussion about the development of SLA approaches and methods without considering the effect and the integration of CALL would be incomplete. The purpose of this paper is to open such a discussion. The real driving objectives of this article are to delve into and analyze the role of CALL in SLA as well as its effectiveness and challenges, shed light on the historical background of CALL, and the common and recent theories dealing with the integration of CALL in SLA. This article also discusses the implications of integrating CALL in SLA and provides some recommendations.
Water Resource Management – Ghana
Authors: Siakwa Augustine Narkorli Kwesi
Published: April 2024

Having a tropical climate, Ghana experience high rainfall per year making water resources abundant in the country. The major water resources in the country include; lakes, rivers, streams, ponds and groundwater. Unfortunately, the management of these water resources by ensuring there is sufficient water of adequate quality for drinking and other benefits has been a challenge to government institutions responsible for the planning and execution of policies to manage and sustain these resources. The three major management problem are pollution, flood, and drought. The Government of Ghana in 2022 uses key tracker and indicator as an innovative way of monitoring the progress made in the country’s effort to address menace of illegal mining that pollute water resources in Ghana (ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, 2023). Dam safety Regulation LI 2236 of 2016 was established as an innovative way safeguarding dams to prevent flooding (WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION, 2021). Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and consultants use treated sludges and waste water for nursing vegetable seedlings, flash flood forecasting app for detecting early flood warning, using technology to recycle carwash water for re-use. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) together with United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) through the Capacity Building Initiative for transparency (CBIT) project was aimed at strengthening the effectiveness of Ghana climate ambitious reporting programme for climate action and support (ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, 2023). Cooperation in International Waters in Africa (CIWA) a project of World bank, The Sahel groundwater Initiative by CIWA, Transboundary water management in Africa by European union and other initiatives seeks to assist Africa including Ghana with innovation ways in realizing the United Nation Sustainable Development Goals (SDG6) which calls for ensuring the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all by 2030. The government and the institutions responsible for safe guarding the water resources must invest in innovative methods in managing this great resource.
A Mathematical Modelling of the Internal and External Piping Configurations Effect on the Solar Thermal System
Authors: Rajab Ghabour , Louay Haikal
Published: April 2024

A megújuló energiaforrások számtalan fajtája, például a szél, a biomassza és a napenergia könnyen hasznosítható. A legelterjedtebb energia a napenergia; általában különböző célok elérésére használják, mint például a fotovoltaikus/termikus erőművekben történő villamosenergia-termelés és a helyi vízmelegítés. Feladatunk a környezettudatos technológiák bevezetése, ezért a kormányok világszerte ösztönzik az elsődleges felhasználású napenergiával történő vízmelegítést, az alacsony fenntartási költségek és a napenergiával működő fűtési rendszerek hatékonysága miatt. A háztartási napkollektoros melegvíz-egységek –amennyiben hatékonyan vannak megtervezve –költséghatékony módon képesek a legtöbb melegvíz-igényt kielégíteni. Az 50 éves fejlesztés ellenére az üzleti technológia még biztosan nem ért el érdemi piaci előnyt a villamos energia és a gáz alternatívái helyett. A különböző érdekelt felek az épületekben alkalmazott napenergia-fűtési rendszereket a hagyományos helyiség-és vízmelegítési módszerek vonzó alternatívájaként kezelik. Működésük azonban függ az éghajlati viszonyoktól, a tipikus vízmelegítési igényektől, sőt, még a teljesítmény optimalizálására lehetőséget adó működési paraméterektől is.A tanulmány célja, hogy elemezze a csővezetékek paramétereinek hatását a napelemes rendszerre Budapesten, Magyarországon, két program, a T*SOL mint napelemes rendszer szimulátor és az R-Studio mint kódoló szoftver segítségével. Az elemzés a napkollektoros vízmelegítő rendszer egyszerű modelljét használja, figyelembe véve a következő tényezőket (csőátmérő, belső hossz, külső hossz, glikol arány, térfogatáram, szigetelés), azzal a céllal, hogy a belső és külső csőrendszer hatását vizsgálja. A tanulmányt a fent említett változók értékeinek egyidejű változtatásával végzünk lineáris modellezést a kollektor típusának megváltoztatásával, hogy a napenergia-arány szempontjából a legmegfelelőbb rendszert válasszuk ki.
La inteligencia artificial como herramienta didáctica en la formación de instrumentadores quirúrgicos
Authors: Acevedo Osorio German Oved
Published: April 2024

Introducción: Actualmente la Inteligencia artificial (IA) está siendo utilizada para la formación de profesionales en salud basados en la toma de decisiones y la ejecución de procedimientos quirúrgicos simulados. La IA se ha convertido en una herramienta prometedora en la educación en salud. Objetivo: evaluar el impacto de la IA en la formación de estudiantes de Instrumentación Quirúrgica, con énfasis en conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas. Metodología: El estudio empleó un diseño cuasiexperimental con una población de 26 estudiantes. Se realizó un diagnóstico previo a la intervención para evaluar los conocimientos y actitudes iniciales. Luego, se aplicaron escenarios de simulación quirúrgica basados en IA como intervención y se midieron los resultados posteriores. Se analizaron los datos mediante estadísticas descriptivas y pruebas de correlación. Resultados: Los resultados revelaron un aumento significativo en los conocimientos de los estudiantes, con un promedio del 78.9%. Las actitudes hacia la IA mejoraron notablemente, con una puntuación promedio de 4.0 en una escala de 1 a 5. Además, las prácticas de los estudiantes experimentaron mejoras sustanciales, incluyendo una mayor coordinación en acciones quirúrgicas, una comunicación más efectiva y una toma de decisiones más precisa. Conclusión: Este estudio destaca que la IA es una herramienta valiosa para la formación de instrumentadores quirúrgicos, mejorando significativamente conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas. A pesar de las limitaciones, estos resultados respaldan el potencial de la IA en la educación en salud y su capacidad para mejorar la calidad de la atención médica. Se enfatiza la importancia de futuras investigaciones y colaboraciones interdisciplinarias para seguir avanzando en este campo.
El papel transformador de ChatGPT en la excelencia de la educación
Authors: Quintero-López Jorge Luis , Pérez-Rendón Ángela Liceth , Arismendi-Ramírez Andrés
Published: April 2024

Este estudio evalúa cómo los estudiantes incorporan el ChatGPT, una herramienta de inteligencia artificial, en sus hábitos de estudio, destacando la importancia de no verla como un sustituto absoluto en la obtención de resultados académicos precisos y convirtiéndonos en constantes validadores de la misma. Se centra en el análisis de las experiencias vividas por los estudiantes en el entorno académico de de una institución de educación superior durante el primer semestre de 2023. Se utilizó una encuesta estructurada para abordar dimensiones como la frecuencia de uso, la percepción de utilidad, la influencia en las dinámicas educativas y el nivel de satisfacción. Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio proporcionan una visión aproximada de cómo el ChatGPT impacta la calidad de la educación en este contexto específico, muestran que el 31,7% nunca ha utilizado ChatGPT para actividades académicas, mientras que el 68,3% lo ha utilizado, revelando cómo complementan su desarrollo académico. A pesar del desconocimiento inicial, la capacitación en el uso de ChatGPT generó una acogida positiva para optimizar los tiempos de estudio. Se propone analizar el impacto en el pensamiento crítico y la creatividad, superando el escepticismo inicial. La familiarización con la herramienta podría evidenciar mejoras significativas, respaldando la idea de que la inteligencia artificial enriquece la experiencia educativa. Estos hallazgos proporcionan una visión aproximada del impacto de ChatGPT en la calidad de la educación en este contexto específico.
Risks and health impacts of climate hazards in Vietnam
Authors: Nhu Y DT
Published: April 2024

In recent decades, changes in climatic conditions such as temperature and weather trends have been observed globally and these changes significantly influence the frequency and intensity of natural disasters. Vietnam is a coastal country with a high annual risk of exposure to extreme weather and climate hazards. As a result, the number of people affected and the resulting social and economic damage are likely to increase accordingly. To acquire insights into the potential harmful consequences of climate change, this study evaluates evidence of climate hazards and their potential risks and health impacts across Vietnam. Data on climate change (surface temperature trends), climate hazard events, major risks of climate hazards (floods and storms) and health outcomes (death, injury, disease and mental health) were assembled from materials published since 2008. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed on the data obtained in order to evaluate major trends and impacts. The findings indicate that climate hazard events have increased significantly in the last 2 decades, especially the incidence of storms and floods, implicating the influence of temperature rise and climate change. The major human health costs of climate hazards are fatalities, injuries, infectious diseases and mental health issues. Moreover, climate hazards also induce mental health problems indirectly, by causing ecosystem service degradation and social and economic loss. The findings provide a basis of understanding from which to develop relevant strategies and specific measures to mitigate the harmful effects of climate hazards.
Eelgrass meadow response to heat stress. I. Temperature threshold for ecosystem production derived from in situ aquatic eddy covariance measurements
Authors: Berger AC , Berg P
Published: April 2024

As seagrass meadows are increasingly threatened by warming oceans and extreme heating events, it is critical that we enhance our understanding of their ecosystem response to heat stress. This study relied on our extensive database of hourly eelgrass Zostera marina ecosystem metabolism to determine, for the first time, the temperature stress threshold (Tth) of Z. marina meadows under naturally varying in situ conditions. Eelgrass ecosystem metabolism was measured using the aquatic eddy covariance technique in a 20 km2 meadow at the Virginia Coast Reserve (USA). We constructed and fitted a non-linear multivariate model to identify 28.6°C as the threshold above which substantial negative effects on net photosynthesis occur. On average, daytime oxygen fluxes decreased by 50% on afternoons when Tth was exceeded, which shifted daily net ecosystem metabolism from metabolic balance to net heterotrophy and therefore a loss in carbon. This study highlights the vulnerability of eelgrass meadows to future warming projections.
Behavior of a System of Singularly Perturbed Differential Equations with Generalized Inhomogeneous Parts
Authors: Akmatov A. , Asamidinova D. , Khudaiberdieva U.
Published: April 2024

The work studies systems of singularly perturbed second-order differential equations. Heterogeneity is a singular generalized Dirac function that has only a value at one point. In this case, the phenomenon of prolonged loss of stability takes place, and the estimate of solutions to the singularly perturbed problem depends on the point a.
Characteristics of Semi-Desert Vegetation in Daridagh Massif Area
Authors: Haydarova A.
Published: April 2024

This article provides information on the semi-desert vegetation type of the Daridagh Massif. It was found that the areas of the massif at an altitude of 800-1200 m are characterized by plant species specific to semi-desert vegetation. In the ecological-geobotanical research, phytocenosis dominated by Artemisetumand Salsoletum plants were recorded in the semi-desert vegetation type in the Daridagh Massif. The semi-desert vegetation type in the region was classified into 1 formation class, 2 formation groups and 8 associations. Temporary Artemisetumfields cover a large area in the plains at the foot of Daridagh Massif. Artemiseta lerchianae and Salsoleta dendroidanae formations are found here and these are the formations that attract more attention. The Artemisia lerchiana formation covers a wide area from the plain to the 1200 m altitude of Daridagh Massif. Artemisia lerchiana + Salsola nodulosa is relatively common in the lower plain parts of the Daridagh Massif. Artemisia lerchiana + Tulipa biflora + Allium rubellum + varioherbosa is found in relatively less saline and relatively stony areas, mainly in clayey stony-gravelly areas on open slopes with a slope of 5-30°. The main regulators of the varioherboso - artemioso - salsolletum dendroideae association are Artemisia lerchiana and other species.
Pathology of the Vertebral Arteries: Atherosclerosis, Pathological Deformity. Clinical Picture, Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Yarikov A. , Smolin A. , Kazakova L. , Fraerman A. , Mukhin A. , Pavlinov S. , Tyutnev D. , Kuzminykh D. , Makeeva O. , Ignatieva O. , Lyutikov V. , Kletskin A. , Perlmutter O. , Tsybusov S. , Smirnov P. , Kalinkin A. , Kim E.
Published: April 2024

Pathology of the vertebral arteries is the main cause of stroke in the vertebrobasilar basin. The article describes in detail the clinical picture, diagnosis of pathology of the vertebral artery — atherosclerosis and pathological deformity. Modern medical treatment and various types of reconstructive surgery are described. The authors presented all types of reconstructive operations on the vertebral artery described in modern literature.
Anti-fraud Strategy in Tourism Destination Organizations: The Role of Leader Integrity, Ethical Leadership and Trust in the Leader
Authors: Anita Carolina  , Anis Wulandari
Published: April 2024

Fraud has enormous negative consequences, not only for enterprises but also for stakeholders and society. The study of fraud prevention has increased in importance in determining how businesses' strategies can prevent fraud and what factors influence the effectiveness of fraud prevention strategies. Leaders in an organization that manages tourist attractions have a critical role in preventing fraud. Built on the social exchange theory, this research investigates the relationship between leader integrity, ethical leadership, trust in the leader, and anti-fraud strategy in the tourism sector in Madura Island, Indonesia. Multi-source data was collected from 193 group members aware of the importance of the tourism sector (Tourism Community) in 4 tourism destination organizations across Madura Island, Indonesia. Findings from structural equation modeling confirmed that leader integrity, ethical leadership, and trust in the leader all contribute to a successful anti-fraud strategy. It has also been proven that there is a positive association between leader integrity and ethical leadership, as well as a connection between leader integrity, ethical leadership, and trust in the leader. This research contributes significantly to tourist management by presenting a theoretical model that connects leadership and anti-fraud strategy elements
Feasibility Study of Homestay Management in Rural Villages (Tebat Meringang Lame, South Sumatra)
Authors: Wisanggeni Agus Priyanto  , Andi Ade Zulkif  , Hariman  , Abdul Khaliq
Published: April 2024

This research aims to identify the current management conditions and assess the feasibility of developing homestays in Tebat Lereh Meringang Lame tourist village, South Sumatra. The research methodology involved interviews and observations with informants, including homestay managers and administrators of tourism awareness groups. The study revealed that only one person can manage each homestay in the tourist village. The same person may have multiple roles, such as receptionist, room attendant, and kitchen manager. The feasibility of developing homestays in the village depends on physical environmental conditions, such as landscape characteristics, cool air, and an authentic rural atmosphere, as well as the uniqueness of Ghumah Baghi architecture and the hospitality of Basemah Malay culture. It is recommended that the number of personnel in each homestay be increased according to workload standards. The required skills for this position include reception and room attendance, food management, and improving local literacy about Ghumah Baghi
How global sensitive is the AquaCrop model to input parameters? A case study of silage maize yield on a regional scale
Authors: Akbari Elahe , Darvishi Boloorani Ali , Verrelst Jochem , Pignatti Stefano , Neysani Samany Najmeh , Soufizadeh Saeid , Hamzeh Saeid
Published: April 2024

Introduction

AquaCrop is a water-driven crop growth model that simulates aboveground biomass production in croplands. This study aimed to identify the driving parameters of the AquaCrop model for the model calibration and simplification to fill the research gap in intermediate environmental conditions between sub-tropical sub-humid and temperate sub-humid climates for silage maize.

Methods

To this end, we applied global sensitivity analysis (GSA) by combining the Morris method and the Extended Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test (EFAST) on crop yield output. The process involved a field sampling of soil and crop of silage maize carried out in the agricultural fields of Ghale-Nou, southern Tehran, Iran, in the summer of 2019 in order to measure certain model parameters.

Results and discussion

In compliance with the Morris method, 30 parameters were identified as the least sensitive, while results from the EFAST test showed 9 parameters as contributing to the highest sensitivities in the model. The results clearly point to the capacity of employing a combination of both methods to attain a more efficient model calibration. Particular root, soil, canopy development, and biomass production parameters were influential and merit attention during calibration. Instead, parameters describing crop responses to water stress were acting rather insensitive in this study condition. The insights gained from this study, i.e., assessing parameter ranges and distinguishing between less sensitive and more sensitive parameters based on environmental and crop conditions, have the potential to be applied to other crop growth models with caution.
Acoustic evidence of hydrocarbon release associated with the Spitsbergen Transform Fault, north of the Molloy Ridge, Fram Strait
Authors: Chand Shyam , Knies Jochen , Geissler Wolfram H. , Plaza-Faverola Andreia , Thorsnes Terje
Published: April 2024

Hydrocarbon gases formed from biotic and abiotic processes are released through the seafloor at different locations around the world. They have been widely observed directly in video and photo data, and indirectly on echosounder data. Even though biotic gas generation is a very common process, abiotic gas generation is limited to regions where serpentinization of ultramafic rocks occur. Indications of abiotic gas occurrences are therefore sparse and much speculated upon. Here, we investigated the Spitsbergen Transform Fault, the Molloy Ridge, the Molloy Deep, and the Molloy Transform Fault/Fracture Zone, (a transform fault-bounded pull-a-part region offshore western Svalbard) where both processes may be active. Multiple acoustic gas flares, ∼1,770 and ∼3355 m high above the seafloor (tallest ever recorded), were observed indicating active migration and seepage of hydrocarbons. The proximity to the mid oceanic ridge and the documented high heat flow suggests the influence of high temperatures on organic-rich sedimentary deposits. Deep seismic data and other geological information available indicate that the main source of gas could be from thermal cracking of either pre- or syn-rift source rock organic material, potentially mixed with methane from serpentinization of mantle rocks (peridotites). Correlation with seismic stratigraphy from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Sites 910 and 912 on the adjacent Yermak Plateau suggests that the sedimentary source rocks may be present at the northern flank of the Molloy Ridge and within the deep graben along the Spitsbergen Transform Fault. The ∼3 km thick sedimentary succession in high heat flow zones within the transform fault and the active bounding faults allow generation and migration of hydrocarbons to the seafloor and sustains present day seepage.
The Yin and Yang of the oxytocin and stress systems: opposites, yet interdependent and intertwined determinants of lifelong health trajectories
Authors: Uvnäs-Moberg Kerstin , Gross Mechthild M. , Calleja-Agius Jean , Turner Jonathan D.
Published: April 2024

During parturition and the immediate post-partum period there are two opposite, yet interdependent and intertwined systems that are highly active and play a role in determining lifelong health and behaviour in both the mother and her infant: the stress and the anti-stress (oxytocin) system. Before attempting to understand how the environment around birth determines long-term health trajectories, it is essential to understand how these two systems operate and how they interact. Here, we discuss together the hormonal and neuronal arms of both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the oxytocinergic systems and how they interact. Although the HPA axis and glucocorticoid stress axis are well studied, the role of oxytocin as an extremely powerful anti-stress hormone deserves more attention. It is clear that these anti-stress effects depend on oxytocinergic nerves emanating from the supraoptic nucleus (SON) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN), and project to multiple sites at which the stress system is regulated. These, include projections to corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) neurons within the PVN, to the anterior pituitary, to areas involved in sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous control, to NA neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC), and to CRH neurons in the amygdala. In the context of the interaction between the HPA axis and the oxytocin system birth is a particularly interesting period as, for both the mother and the infant, both systems are very strongly activated within the same narrow time window. Data suggest that the HPA axis and the oxytocin system appear to interact in this early-life period, with effects lasting many years. If mother-child skin-to-skin contact occurs almost immediately postpartum, the effects of the anti-stress (oxytocin) system become more prominent, moderating lifelong health trajectories. There is clear evidence that HPA axis activity during this time is dependent on the balance between the HPA axis and the oxytocin system, the latter being reinforced by specific somatosensory inputs, and this has long-term consequences for stress reactivity.