bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PHYSICAL EXERCISES IN RELIEVING THE CURRENT STATE OF DEPRESSION
Authors: Dang Linyan
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: Physical exercise has become a common method at home and abroad as a means of psychotherapy and mental health. Objective: Observing the current situation and characteristics of physical exercise and depressive disorders and examining the influence of physical exercise on depressive disorders in the human body. Methods: The article compares and analyzes the relationship between human physical exercise and the level of depression and body self-esteem from the perspective of psychology. Results: The incidence of depression is higher. There are significant differences in the attitude towards physical exercise and the degree of depression in the three types of subjects in the study. Physical exercise is conducive to the relief of depression. Conclusion: Physical exercise is one of the effective ways to improve the depressive state of the human body. The effect of an exercise has no relation with the specific exercise method selected. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
SCIENTIFIC PHYSICAL EXERCISE TO PREVENT MUSCLE INJURY IN COMPETITIVE SPORTS
Authors: Liu Delong
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: Various factors cause many sports traumas in groups engaged in mass sports activities, amateur sports training, and professional sports training in China that must be called to our attention. Objective: Scientific Sports Therapy is a scientific and reasonable systemic sports training program formulated for competitive athletes based on their physical and disease characteristics. Methods: This article conducted scientific sports therapy interventions on tennis elbow patients and analyzed multiple physiological indicators such as muscle endurance before and after the intervention. Results: There are significant differences in the athletes’ muscle strength and muscle endurance data after physical exercise therapy. Conclusion: We analyzed the causes of muscle damage and adopted scientific and practical sports therapy. In this way, coaches and athletes can find effective ways to prevent and manage muscle injuries, thereby improving competitive sports training. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
SCIENTIFIC SPORTS MEDICINE IN PREVENTING SPORTS INJURIES OF COLLEGE STUDENTS
Authors: Zhang Zhen
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: As the frequency and intensity of school sports activities continue to increase, accidental injuries occur from time to time during sports activities. Objective: This article discusses the positive role of science and technology in sports medicine in promoting sports development. At the same time, the advantages of medical sports to sports injuries are analyzed. Methods: This article uses mathematical statistics to understand the current situation of college students’ sports injuries and risk prevention and control, and discusses the effect of sports medicine on sports injuries. Results: There is a significant difference between the student's sports injury and the number of times, the time, and the amount of exercise they participate in each week. The longer the participation in sports, the more minor the sports injuries are. Conclusion: Strengthening physical education and strengthening awareness of sports risk prevention and control in student teaching can help students avoid sports injuries. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
Endovascular stenting with a drug-eluting stent of transplanted renal artery stenosis in a dual kidney transplanted patient
Authors: Vijayvergiya Rajesh , Kaur Navjyot , Kasinadhuni Ganesh , Sharma Ashish , Lal Anupam , Sood Ashwani
Published: November 2021

Abstract Renal transplant remains the preferred therapy for end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Given the shortage of suitable donor kidneys, use of an expanded criteria donor (ECD) allows marginal kidneys to be transplanted; albeit at risk of increased graft failure due to lower nephron mass. To reduce the risk of graft failure, double kidney transplant (DKT) is advocated, with favorable outcomes. Transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) is one of the most common vascular complications following renal transplant. Unlike single kidney transplants, where TRAS usually presents with fluid overload, uncontrolled hypertension, and worsening kidney functions; it may be clinically silent in DKT patients since they have two functional transplanted kidneys. We hereby report a case of TRAS in a DKT patient who had 2 years of favorable clinical outcomes following successful endovascular stenting. He however recently died of COVID-19 associated pneumonitis.
EMISSÃO DE MOEDA, DE DÍVIDA PÚBLICA E CONVENÇÕES DURANTE A CRISE ECONÔMICA BRASILEIRA DE 2020
Authors: Resende Marco Flávio da Cunha
Published: November 2021

RESUMO É comum o argumento de que a emissão de moeda é inflacionária e o descontrole da relação dívida pública/PIB leva à queda da confiança do mercado no futuro da economia. Além disso, defende-se frequentemente que ambas as situações comprometeriam o crescimento econômico. Neste artigo, objetiva-se demonstrar, com base na literatura pós-keynesiana, que a emissão de dívida pública e de moeda durante a atual crise da economia brasileira não levará à inflação e/ou à perda de confiança do mercado, tampouco afugentará o investimento privado, seja durante a recessão econômica de 2020, seja após sua superação. Pelo contrário, somente com essas medidas será possível resgatar a confiança do mercado e mitigar a queda da atividade econômica, o que facilitará a retomada do crescimento da economia brasileira.
O IMPOSTO SOBRE GRANDES FORTUNAS NO BRASIL: PROPOSTAS E SIMULAÇÕES
Authors: Nascimento Natassia
Published: November 2021

RESUMO O Brasil é o único país que figura entre os 20 mais ricos e os 20 mais desiguais. Tem um dos maiores programas de redistribuição de renda do mundo, o Bolsa Família, mas também uma das mais injustas cargas tributárias. A tributação e a desigualdade econômica são dois temas principais e de suma importância nos países ainda em desenvolvimento. Em um ambiente de estagnação econômica, o governo priorizou o corte nos gastos como medida de equilíbrio fiscal. Diante desse contexto, este trabalho tem por objetivo propor a implementação do Imposto sobre Grandes Fortunas e analisar sua viabilidade e arrecadação através de simulações com a base de dados do Imposto de Renda. Demonstra-se que o Imposto sobre Grandes Fortunas é viável, teria sólida arrecadação e poderia ser utilizado como instrumento de justiça fiscal. Também contribuiria para o equilíbrio nas contas públicas, sem a necessidade de se realizar cortes em setores fundamentais para o crescimento e bem-estar do Brasil.
Panorama do Projeto Adote uma Escola: estudo de caso nas escolas do município de Pelotas-RS
Authors: Fuentes-Guevara Miguel David , Leal Zilda Diani da Rosa , Souza Eduarda Gomes de , Vieira Mariluce dos Santos Kurz , Silva Geovane de Souza , Corrêa Érico Kunde , Corrêa Luciara Bilhalva
Published: November 2021

Resumo A necessidade de promover a gestão dos resíduos sólidos no município de Pelotas-RS permitiu uma parceria do órgão de Saneamento com instituições de ensino do município, através do Projeto Adote Uma Escola (AUE), visando avançar na coleta seletiva de resíduos recicláveis nos diferentes bairros da cidade. Haja vista o tempo de atuação do AUE, o objetivo foi realizar uma avaliação sobre a situação do AUE em relação ao gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos recicláveis em 62 instituições de ensino da rede pública e privada. Foi realizada uma pesquisa quantitativa exploratório-descritiva, através de questionário estruturado. Os resultados revelaram crescimento significativo (teste Qui-Quadrado com P < 0,05) do número de escolas, evidenciando que as escolas de ensino fundamental se destacaram em trabalhar a temática dos resíduos sólidos. Além da segregação inadequada dos resíduos, carências na infraestrutura e a existência de lacunas na realização de práticas de educação ambiental nas escolas. Considera-se que, apesar das limitações, o projeto contribui para a melhoria do gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos recicláveis nas instituições e auxilia na coleta seletiva, além de fortalecer as políticas públicas de meio ambiente e educação, auxiliando no processo de formação de cidadãos e na construção da sustentabilidade ambiental.
Public development plan based on coproduction and slow principles: an analytical scheme by action research
Authors: Emmendoerfer Magnus Luiz , Fraga Brendow de Oliveira , Ashton Mary Sandra Guerra
Published: November 2021

Abstract This study aims to investigate and reflect on the evidence of a development plan based on the coproduction the population and the government of a small municipality, based on the principles of the Slow City Movement (SCM). A descriptive exploratory research was conducted with a qualitative approach. The main guiding strategy of the research, consisted of the action research method carried out in the municipality of Rio Doce, in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The results show that the space for dialogue between the population and the government was relevant and allowed the coproduction of a municipal planning with micro and macro elements and within the slow city principles. Also, traditional practices linked to culture with the use of local environmental resources were included, involving popular knowledge, technologies of social origin and the knowledge of the daily life of the community in a project of future desired by the population.
Trends and evolution of automobile ownership in the municipalities of Chile
Authors: Maturana Francisco , Morales Mauricio , Cobs-Muñoz Víctor , Maldonado Johana
Published: November 2021

Abstract The automobile has played a fundamental role in the development of cities in the daily movement of people. This paper analyzes the explosive increase in the number of motorized vehicles in the municipalities of Chile. Additionally, due to its national relevance, a disaggregated analysis of the Metropolitan Area of Santiago is presented. Through statistical data of the last 20 years, the analysis evidenced an explosive but differentiated increase of the automotive fleet. Results show the poorest municipalities with a lower dynamism, while those of the more affluent sectors experience exuberant increases. Particularly in the Metropolitan Area of Santiago, the results follow the same pattern, dynamics that jeopardize the planning and sustainability of national urban areas. A reflection is made focusing on the type of city that is being planned and built throughout the country and the urgency of a strategic public policy in urban public transport.
Impact of teacher education abroad in international co-authorship: a study of Federal University of São Carlos’s scientifics production indexed in the Web of Science
Authors: REIS José Eduardo dos , SARVO Denilson de Oliveira , FARIA Leandro Innocentini Lopes de , AMARAL Roniberto Morato do
Published: November 2021

Abstract Metric studies on internationalization, especially indicators of co-authorship, present challenges regarding the collection, representativeness, and reliability of the data measuring the impacts of international mobility. Aiming to contribute to the understanding of scientific collaboration initiatives, the present research’s objective was to investigate the relationship between outside teacher education, represented by the completion of a doctoral degree and post-doctoral internship, and international collaboration, identified by the international co-authorships in institutional scientific output. The research method was the exploratory case study, and the case unit was the Federal University of São Carlos. The Lattes Platform and the Web of Science were used as sources of information, and the sample analyzed comprised 12,787 scientific articles and 1,915 Lattes resumés. It was found that 1,850 teachers have doctoral or post-doctoral education (96.6%) and, of these, 632 graduated abroad (33.1%). Regarding the scientific output, 3,487 of the 12,787 articles were published in international co-authorship (27.3%). From the scientific output in international co-authorship, indicators on the groups of teachers with and without education abroad were analyzed. Among the indicators developed, 8.43 articles per teacher were identified for the group with education abroad, while in the group without education abroad, 4.26 articles were identified per teacher. The results demonstrate a positive relationship between doctoral or post-doctoral education abroad with international co-authorships, contributing to institutional internationalization.
Comunicação de más notícias na educação médica e confluências com o contexto da pandemia de covid-19
Authors: Ribeiro Kelen Gomes , Batista Maxmiria Holanda , Souza Daiana Flávia Oliveira de , Florêncio Caroline Mary Gurgel Dias , Jorge Walker Henrique Almeida , Raquel Cheila Pires
Published: November 2021

Resumo O artigo apresenta um estudo exploratório descritivo sobre habilidades de Comunicação de Más Notícias (CMN) de internos de Medicina. Investigou-se a percepção discente sobre aprendizagem para CMN com delineamento transversal e abordagem mista. Houve aplicação de questionário, obtendo 176 participantes, e grupo focal com 12 estudantes. Os dados foram analisados pelo cálculo das médias e desvios-padrão para variáveis quantitativas e as falas do grupo focal foram submetidas à Análise de Conteúdo. Observou-se o dobro da frequência com mais habilidade para CMN no grupo que teve treinamento em comparação ao que não teve. No manejo da CMN, considerou-se mais difícil “ser honesto, sem tirar a esperança” (69%) e “lidar com a emoção do paciente” (59%). 99,4% conheciam o protocolo SPIKES, destes 41,5% consideraram a expressão de emoções sua etapa mais difícil. A comunicação e o manejo das emoções foram apontados como desafios na relação médico-paciente, com déficits no ensino de CMN. Obteve-se que a CMN não se limita à técnica, mas envolve atitudes que precisam ser abordadas com metodologias diversas, assim como requerem a implementação de políticas de educação na área médica, sobretudo diante das demandas emergentes da pandemia de Covid-19.
O que dizem os atores estratégicos sobre a relação entre o Sistema de Avaliação Educacional do Estado de Pernambuco e a qualidade educacional?
Authors: Silva Maurílio Mendes da , Jófili Zélia Maria Soares
Published: November 2021

Resumo O presente artigo apresenta a análise do discurso de cinco diferentes atores educacionais estratégicos que compõem o percurso discursivo da política de avaliação educacional do estado de Pernambuco. A análise, embasada nos estudos de Fairclough, foca na resposta à seguinte questão: Quais as relações que você estabelece entre os índices do Saepe e a qualidade educacional? Observa-se que não há neutralidade nos discursos e, de forma consciente, ou não, há posicionamentos ideológicos subjacentes aos textos que são proferidos, inclusive sinalizando para a existência de embate contra-hegemônico em relação à mencionada política de avaliação.
Pode a inteligência artificial apoiar ações contra evasão escolar universitária?
Authors: Bitencourt Wanderci Alves , Silva Diego Mello , Xavier Gláucia do Carmo
Published: November 2021

Resumo A evasão escolar é uma preocupação mundial devido às consequências negativas para toda a sociedade, sendo preciso investigá-la para compreendê-la e atuar de forma antecipada, mitigando seu risco de ocorrência. Esse trabalho propõe o emprego de Mineração de Dados Educacionais com técnicas de Aprendizado de Máquina para identificar as variáveis que são importantes para a caracterização do perfil do estudante em risco de evasão. As técnicas Máquina de Vetores de Suporte, Gradient Boosting Machine, Floresta Aleatória e comitê de máquina foram aplicadas a 1.429 registros de estudantes dos cursos superiores de um dos campi do IFMG, entre 2013 e 2019. Os resultados obtidos sugerem superioridade de desempenho do comitê de máquina, por meio do qual se obteve a importância das variáveis sobre o fenômeno em estudo, o que permitiu traçar o perfil do estudante evasor, por período. Tais resultados viabilizaram a proposição de um processo de detecção e acompanhamento desses estudantes.
Processos de liderança no Projeto de Autonomia e Flexibilidade Curricular
Authors: Fraga Nuno , Pereira Gorete , Gouveia Ana Isabel , Gouveia Fernanda
Published: November 2021

Resumo Considerando os pressupostos que, em Portugal, enquadram o Projeto de Autonomia e Flexibilidade Curricular (PAFC) elencados no Despacho nº 5908/2017, de 5 de julho que, em “regime de experiência pedagógica, define os princípios e regras orientadores da conceção, operacionalização e avaliação do currículo dos Ensinos Básico e Secundário, de modo a alcançar o Perfil dos Alunos à Saída da Escolaridade Obrigatória” (Artigo 1º), este artigo procura desvelar na voz de cinco diretores (líderes escolares) de escolas públicas do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, as primeiras evidências da implementação do PAFC. Embora se trate de um processo curricular e pedagógico recente, importa compreender nessas narrativas se as escolas experienciam, de facto, tempos e espaços de uma autonomia construída e contextualizada. Neste sentido, partindo de um estudo de caso múltiplo a partir da aplicação de um inquérito por questionário, convertem-se em eixos temáticos de análise de conteúdo, as seguintes dimensões: autonomia de escola, flexibilidade curricular, prática pedagógica e avaliação. Da triangulação dos dados conclui-se que os diretores de escola assumem o PAFC como uma política educativa que abre espaço pedagógico a uma mudança de paradigma, pelo nível de autonomia outorgado às escolas, permitindo-lhes uma gestão curricular mais contextualizada, por conseguinte mais humanista, mais sensível às realidades locais e às particularidades dos seus públicos.
A pesquisa brasileira em Educação sobre o uso das tecnologias no Ensino Médio no início do século XXI e seu distanciamento da construção da BNCC
Authors: Fernandes Junior Alvaro Martins , Almeida Fernando José de , Almeida Siderly do Carmo Dahle de
Published: November 2021

Resumo Esse estudo tem por objetivo “analisar de que maneira os conhecimentos produzidos pelas pesquisas nacionais fundamentam os argumentos para o uso de tecnologias digitais no Ensino Médio nas concepções teóricas da Base Nacional Comum Curricular”. A fundamentação teórica alicerça-se nos marcos legais que embasam a BNCC e os conceitos de pensamento computacional, de cultura digital e de mundo digital, estabelecendo as conexões entre esses temas. Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo em 295 teses e dissertações do século XXI e aplicadas as metodologias “Estado da Arte” como técnica para coleta de dados, e “Análise de Conteúdos” para a análise dos dados. Baseado no estudo, concluiu-se que, embora a Base deposite muitas expectativas com relação ao uso de tecnologias no Ensino Médio, ela não consegue transmitir isso explicitamente quando discorre sobre o assunto e, embora os jovens demandem uma escola mais moderna, não sabem reagir a atividades que demandem deles autonomia.
Acceptance and resistance to e-learning adoption in developing countries: a literature review
Authors: Bizzo Eduardo
Published: November 2021

Abstract This article aims at understanding how research on acceptance and resistance to e-learning in developing countries is undertaken. To do so, it performs a systematic literature review of articles from 2007 to 2019. As a result, 44 analyzed studies have shown the evolvement of e-learning acceptance literature in developing countries in the last decade, mainly grounded on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) framework, with minor use of Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and critical success factors perspective. None of the reviewed studies used an explicit framework of resistance to adoption. Also, most of the applications of TAM and UTAUT did not explore the specificities of developing countries in the acceptance of e-learning. Furthermore, the review has found a concentration of studies focusing on students, Higher Education, and developing countries with the highest income levels.
A questão da validade na avaliação educacional brasileira
Authors: Jesus Girlene Ribeiro de , Rêgo Renata Manuelly de Lima , Souza Victor Vasconcelos de
Published: November 2021

Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar como o atual conceito e as fontes de evidências de validade são utilizados no âmbito da avaliação educacional em larga escala no Brasil. Para tanto, foi realizada uma análise documental, por meio dos relatórios oficiais das maiores avaliações educacionais nacionais aplicadas no país. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que não são apresentadas fontes de evidências de validade suficientes para que se julgue que os testes educacionais analisados sejam válidos para o que se propõem. Ainda é necessário desenvolver o conhecimento técnico dos pesquisadores brasileiros que realizam estudos de validação de testes educacionais, especialmente no âmbito das informações que devem ser levantadas e apresentadas a fim de que se possam utilizar com confiança os resultados obtidos nas provas e nos testes educacionais aplicados no país.
Políticas públicas na alfabetização: um diálogo com a avaliação nacional da alfabetização e o Programa Mais Alfabetização
Authors: Oliveira Helen Vieira de , Pinho Dina Maria Vieira , Senna Luiz Antônio Gomes
Published: November 2021

Resumo O histórico resultado de fracasso na alfabetização no contexto brasileiro e as políticas públicas desenvolvidas a partir desse cenário são objetos de discussão desse texto, que explora a relação entre a avaliação externa da aprendizagem do aluno, as políticas públicas e o cotidiano das práticas pedagógicas. Para tanto, optou-se por realizar uma análise do documento norteador do Programa Mais Alfabetização, implementado em 2018, em resposta aos baixos níveis de desempenho dos alunos na Avaliação Nacional de Alfabetização. Com base em contribuições da literatura, é apresentada uma discussão teórica sobre as políticas públicas de alfabetização e a avaliação externa da aprendizagem do aluno. O que observamos é que, em síntese, o programa desenvolvido em resposta aos resultados da avaliação externa tende a focar na formação e na atuação docente, no controle e no monitoramento das práticas pedagógicas.
Geographic Information Systems based approach for assessing the locational feasibility for biomethane production from landfill gas and injection in pipelines in Brazil
Authors: Veiga Ana Paula Beber , Stramieri Silva Ramatys , Martins Gilberto
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT Biomethane can readily replace fossil fuels including natural gas, which has similar physical and chemical properties. In Brazil, municipal solid waste is predominantly disposed of in landfills. Landfill gas is mostly employed for electricity generation, but still at low levels when compared to the existing potential. Production of biomethane from landfill gas may be an alternative to exploit the existing potential, but Brazil’s pipeline network is rather limited and concentrated along the country’s coast. In this context, the research sought to identify the locational viability of using landfill gas to produce biomethane and injecting it into pipelines, considering the available potential and its proximity to Brazil’s existing pipeline network. The QGis software was used to integrate the information. Territorial arrangements with a biomethane production capacity of more than 15,000 Nm3 day−1 and located up to 50 km from the pipeline network were considered feasible. The research estimated a potential production equivalent to 3,407,027 Nm3 day−1 of biomethane from landfills in Brazil. This potential corresponds to 6% of country’s natural gas consumption in 2019 and is almost 32 times greater than current production of biomethane from all substrates used with this purpose in that year. The results indicate the suitability of using geographic information systems to identify regions that can benefit from the production of biomethane from landfill gas using the existing natural gas pipelines as an alternative to the electricity generation and provides relevant subsidies to the formulation of more efficient public policies in both the sanitation and energy sectors.
Soil chemical properties in vineyard areas in the southern region of the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil
Authors: Bordallo Samya Uchôa , Bueno Alcenir Claudio , Ferreira Guilherme Wilbert , Bruna Emilio Dela , Serpa Izabela Sgrott , Brunetto Gustavo , Comin Jucinei José , Lovato Paulo Emílio , Lourenzi Cledimar Rogério
Published: November 2021

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate changes in the soil chemical properties and the critical environmental limit for phosphorus (CEL-P) in vineyards, in the southern region of the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Soil samples were collected at 0-5, 5-10, 10-20, and 20-40 cm soil depths, in vineyards aged 22, 36, and 60 years, and in the area of an adjacent native forest. The following parameters were analyzed: granulometry, pH in water, and exchangeable Al levels, to obtain potential acidity and Al saturation; and available levels of P and K, and exchangeable levels of Ca and Mg, to determine base saturation, cation exchange capacity; and soil organic matter (SOM). In comparison with the forest soil, the vineyard soils showed increased pH values, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, and SOM levels, and base saturation, as well reduced Al saturation, with more accentuated effects in areas with the longest cultivation time. The vineyards show changes in soil chemical properties with time and P levels above the CEL-P, at least in one of the soil layers.
Selection gains for the palm oil production from progenies of American oil palm with oil palm
Authors: Gomes Junior Rui Alberto , Freitas Alessandra Ferraiolo de , Cunha Raimundo Nonato Vieira da , Pina Antônio José de Abreu , Campos Higo Otávio Brochado , Lopes Ricardo
Published: November 2021

Abstract The objective of this work was to estimate the genetic parameters, correlations, and selection gains for the oil production of interspecific hybrids progenies between American oil palm, of ‘Manicoré’ origin, and oil palm, of ‘La Mé’ origin. Thirty-nine progenies were evaluated from the sixth to the ninth year after planting, for the productivity of fresh fruit bunches (PROD_FFB), oil content in the bunch (OCB), and palm oil productivity (PROD_OP). The genetic parameters and gains from direct (GDS) and indirect (GIS) selection were estimated for PROD_OP. High values of heritability for the CVg/CVe ratio indicated favorable conditions for the selection. With the selection of 20% of the progenies (selection in both sexes), the following estimates were obtained: 11.15% GDS for PROD_OP, 9.1% GIS for OCB, and 8.1% GIS for PROD_FFB. The PROD_OP of the progenies was of 6,175, 6,057, and 5,995 kg ha-1 per year with GDS and GIS for OCB and PROD_FFB, respectively. The restricted selection of the LM2T male genitor offspring resulted in 5.1% estimated GSD and in a mean of 5,800 kg ha-1 per year for PROD_OP. Selection gains for PROD_OP can be achieved immediately through the selection restricted to oil palm male genitors, and, in the medium and long term, through the interspecific reciprocal recurrent selection between American oil palm and oil palm populations.
Performance of ‘Valência’ sweet orange grafted on trifoliate orange hybrid rootstocks
Authors: Domingues Allan Ricardo , Marcolini Ciro Daniel Marques , Gonçalves Carlos Henrique da Silva , Silva Carlos Eduardo Alves da , Roberto Sergio Ruffo , Carlos Eduardo Fermino
Published: November 2021

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate tree size, production, and fruit quality of ‘Valência’ sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) grafted on various trifoliate orange rootstocks, in order to select genotypes with a high performance. Twenty rootstock genotypes were evaluated, including trifoliate orange hybrids with mandarin (citrandarins) and with grapefruit (citrumelos), as well as ‘Rangpur’ lime. The experiment was implemented in the northwestern region of the state of Paraná, Brazil, in a 6.0×2.5 m spacing, in a sandy soil under subtropical and rainfed conditions. The statistical model used was the randomized complete block design with four replicates and four trees per plot. Tree size and fruit yield and quality were analyzed during three consecutive harvest seasons. Data were subjected to the analysis of variance, and means were grouped by the Scott-Knott test. Principal component analysis and agglomerative hierarchical clustering were also carried out. F.80-18, F.80-5, and F.80-3 citrumelos and IPEACS-239 citrandarin are adequate rootstock options for ‘Valência’ sweet orange, with dwarf trees and a high production efficiency. These rootstocks, except F.80-18, are also adequate options to obtain oranges with good industrial properties.
Planting density and yield of sweet pepper grown in an organic system
Authors: Silva André Wagner Barata , Silva Bruno Diniz Nogueira da , Costa Ariana Lemes da , Cézar Kaique Castro , Gomes Luiz Antônio Augusto , Oliveira Cleiton Lourenço de
Published: November 2021

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the yield and fruit quality of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) genotypes grown at various planting densities, in an organic production system under protected cultivation. The experiment was carried out in duplicate, to compare the yield and fruit quality of the 'TE 300', 'Mallorca', and ‘Timor’ sweet pepper genotypes, at the densities of 2, 4, 6, and 8 plants m-2. A randomized complete block design was used, with three replicates, in split plots. Mean fruit size and mass, yield per plant, and total yield were measured. Dunnett’s test was used to compare means between the standard density of 2 plants m-2 and the other densities. Scott-Knott’s test was used to compare the densities within each genotype. The increase of planting density in the organic production system provided a yield similar to that of the conventional system. A greater density increases yield and reduces the production cycle, without impairing the fruit size or quality of the ‘TE 300’ and ‘Timor’ genotypes. The densities of 8 plants m-2 for ‘TE 300’ and 'Timor', and of 6 plants m-2 for ‘Mallorca’ show the highest total yield per hectare.
Ultrasound-assisted emulsions with biopolymers for spray-drying of lemongrass essential oil
Authors: Carvalho Gabriel Ribeiro , Lago Amanda Maria Teixeira , Schiassi Maria Cecília Evangelista Vasconcelos , Silva Priscila de Castro e , Borges Soraia Vilela , Fernandes Regiane Victória de Barros , Botrel Diego Alvarenga
Published: November 2021

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the partial replacement of gum arabic by modified starches on the spray-drying microencapsulation of lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) essential oil. The ultrasound-assisted emulsions were prepared with 30% (w/w) of wall material, 7.5% (w/w) of oil load, and 1:1 (w/w) replacement ratio for all treatments. After 16 hours, the incompatibility observed between gum arabic and octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) starch did not affect the obtained microparticles, since the treatment with OSA starch, partially replacing gum arabic, showed the best results for the process yield and for the oil charge retention after spray-drying process, and the treatment showed Newtonian viscosity close to that of the treatment prepared with gum arabic. Maltodextrin dextrose equivalent 10 (10DE) shows an oil load similar to that of the treatment with gum arabic, while the presence of maize maltodextrin DE20 reduces the content of encapsulated oil and the efficiency of the drying process due to the adherence of particles to the chamber. Therefore, the partial substitution of gum arabic is an alternative for the formation of emulsions, for the spray-drying microencapsulation of lemongrass essential oil.
Evolução da COVID-19 em Santa Catarina: decretos estaduais e indicadores epidemiológicos até agosto de 2020
Authors: Hughes Helena Martinez Faria Bastos Régis , Carneiro Raquel Alencastro Veiga Domingues , Hillesheim Danúbia , Hallal Ana Luiza Curi
Published: November 2021

Resumo Objetivo Descrever a evolução dos decretos e indicadores relacionados à COVID-19 em Santa Catarina, Brasil, até agosto de 2020. Métodos Estudo ecológico que analisou indicadores epidemiológicos e decretos estaduais sobre o distanciamento social. Os decretos foram agrupados em medidas de restrição, manutenção ou flexibilização. Mortalidade, incidência e transmissibilidade constituíram os indicadores. Resultados Foram registrados 179.443 casos e 2.183 óbitos no período selecionado. A taxa de incidência passou de 20,4 casos a cada 100 mil habitantes no mês de março para 642,2/100 mil hab. em agosto. Foram emitidos 15 decretos estaduais. Em agosto, quando se observou a maior taxa de mortalidade (13,1/100 mil hab.), verificou-se que todas as categorias, à exceção de uma, haviam sido flexibilizadas. Conclusão Os decretos que flexibilizaram as medidas de distanciamento social foram emitidos precocemente, em desacordo com o contexto epidemiológico no estado.
Occurrence of Lipoptena mazama and Lipoptena guimaraesi (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) on gray brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira) in southern Brazil
Authors: Pinheiro Mariana Faccini , Bonato Raquel Muhlbeier , Ikeda Priscila , Souza Rodrigo Antonio Martins de , Carrasco Adriano de Oliveira Torres , Seki Meire Christina
Published: November 2021

Abstract The genus Lipoptena includes hematophagous insects of the family Hippoboscidae that parasitize different deer species. The present study aims to identify 19 flies that parasitize deer of the genus Mazama in the State of Paraná, Brazil. We analyzed 18 flies (Lipoptena mazamae) and 1 Lipoptena guimaraesi. This study expands the host list for L. guimaraesi, previously restricted to a single deer species (Ozotoceros bezoarticus).
The spread of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil: the first canine cases described in Ji-Paraná, Rondônia, Brazil
Authors: Almeida Aliny Pontes , Pereira Júnior Antonio Marques , Paulo Paula Frassinetti Medeiros de , Pinto Adriano Mendes Marchandeau , Boroviec Bruna Bastos , Viana Geysa Almeida , Freitas Moisés Thiago de Souza , Fuverki Renata Benício Neves , Ferreira Ricardo de Godoi Mattos , Medeiros Jansen Fernandes
Published: November 2021

Abstract Leishmaniases are zoonotic diseases caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania. The disease has two clinical manifestations described in humans: visceral (VL) and cutaneous (CL) leishmaniasis. In Brazil, there has been an expansion of human VL. The participation of the dog as a reservoir of Leishmania infantum, the agent of VL, is important for the epidemiology of the disease since canine cases generally precede human cases. The present study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of Leishmania spp. infection in dogs in the municipality of Ji-Paraná by PCR assays using blood samples. Leishmania DNA was detected in two of the 105 studied dogs. The PCR products were sequenced and confirmed that the two samples (1.90%) correspond to L. infantum. The dogs had allochthonous history. Therefore, the positive results found here should serve as a warning to public health agencies. This is because Ji-Paraná is the third municipality to register cases of canine leishmaniasis (CanL) in Rondônia state. Thus, reinforcing the importance of expanding studies on the epidemiology and surveillance of VL in the region.
Efficacy of 3D dynamic image analysis for characterising the morphology of natural sands
Authors: Li Linzhu , Sun Quan , Iskander Magued
Published: November 2021

Two-dimensional (2D) dynamic image analysis (DIA) is gaining acceptance in geotechnical engineering research. Three-dimensional (3D) DIA extracts features from 8–12 projections of a particle and thus it is believed to verge on the true particle morphology. DIA is fast, efficient and convenient for characterising thousands of particles quickly; nevertheless, it captures shapes that are fundamentally different from the 3D morphologies reconstructed using micro-computed tomography (μCT). In DIA, particle features are interpreted using external images of a particle, which fail to account for differences in imaging perspectives. In addition, 2D and 3D shape descriptors are influenced by differences in dimensionality projection owing to variations in definition, dimensionality and perspectives of the particle images employed, which causes them to differ from their 3D counterparts. In this study, the sand particle size and shape descriptors obtained using both DIA and μCT are compared for three natural sands having wide granulometries. Three-dimensional DIA offers significant advantages in terms of efficiency, while providing adequate representation of Feret dimensions, sphericity and convexity. However, the study demonstrates that 3D roundness is difficult to characterise using DIA and that shape measurements of complex irregular calcareous sands obtained from 3D DIA are not comparable to those obtained using μCT.
Precariedad y viabilidad de la pequeña producción campesina en el nuevo milenio
Authors: De Luna López Humberto
Published: November 2021

El objetivo del trabajo se aboca a exponer los procesos de reconfiguración de la sociedad campesina, para enfrentar la precariedad y perpetuarse como segmento de población que presiona los salarios con tendencia a la baja, al sumar al crecimiento de los excedentes de población, en una provincia del centro-norte de México llamado Zacatecas. En este lugar, 4 de cada 10 zacatecanos viven en la zona rural; además en 2007 existían 124 861 pequeños productores y para el 2016 sumaban 255 236, principalmente ejidatarios y comuneros que producen para el autoconsumo en tierras de temporal y sin injerencia en los precios de mercado, por lo que ha predominado un escenario de pobreza. El documento se estructuró bajo la perspectiva crítica y para su análisis se utilizó un cimiento respaldado por el cimiento metodológico de tipo hipotético deductivo. A partir de la información disponible tanto de investigaciones ya realizadas sobre pequeños productores y datos oficiales, se contó con lo suficiente para comprender los procesos en los que se desenvuelven las actividades de los campesinos en el mundo y de manera específica en Zacatecas. En este lugar, la población campesina vive en localidades menores a 2500 habitantes consideradas como poblaciones rurales.
The contribution of state web portals to the transparency of the vaccination process against COVID-19 in Brazil
Authors: Raupp Fabiano Maury , Sacramento Ana Rita Silva
Published: November 2021

The article aimed to characterize the contribution of Brazilian state web portals to the transparency of the vaccination process against COVID-19. This research is descriptive, undertaken through a documentary study with a quali-quantitative approach. The purpose of the investigation comprises the web portals of the 26 Brazilian states and the Federal District. The study was guided by the application of the COVID-19 Vaccination Transparency Index (ITVC-19). The study data were obtained in six surveys carried out from the analysis of the portals, using content analysis as the processing technique. The constancy of some states at higher and lower levels (i.e., the extremes) and the evolution of others going from lower to higher levels was observed. Although the vast majority of web portals of Brazilian states contribute to the transparency of the vaccination against COVID-19, there are still states the portal of which, for being at opaque, low, or intermediary levels, seem to exist more due to a dominant technological imperative and less to favor the transparency of government actions. The study has a direct theoretical implication when it enables the development of an index that contributes to analyzing the transparency in the vaccination process against COVID-19. It is assumed that, in the future, the index may also be used for new studies on vaccination campaigns, not just this one restricted to the pandemic context. Consequently, it contributes to bridging the gap in the literature, notably the national literature. The practical contribution is also demonstrated by the provision of a diagnosis that, albeit specific, may be used by public managers interested in advancing vaccination transparency.
Introduction
Authors: Tham Henrik
Published: November 2021

In relation to the research question if there will be a change in the drug policies of the Nordic countries indicators of drug use and policies are presented in order to demonstrate both similarities and differences between the five countries that constitute the starting point for a possible change.
Clashing Perspectives: Cannabis Users and Swedish Drug Policy
Authors: Månsson Josefin , Ekendahl Mats , Karlsson Patrik
Published: November 2021

In a Swedish study treatment staff, youth cannabis users and adult cannabis users are interviewed about the risks of taking drugs. They all mobilize evidence-based arguments for their standpoints but arrive at quite different conclusions. Drug policy becomes “a matter of concern rather than a matter of facts”.
The structure and phase composition of the cermet charge in the Al‒Al2O3 system obtained using mechanical processing of aluminum powder in a planetary ball mill
Authors: Ivanov D. A. , Val'yano G. E. , Borodina T. I.
Published: November 2021

The cermet charge in the Al‒Al2O3 system was obtained by mechanical processing (MP) in a planetary ball mill of aluminum powder of the industrial grade PAP-2 (GOST 5494‒95), consisting of flake particles of submicron thickness with a coating of stearin. Depending on the MP modes used, 4 types of charge were obtained, the bulk density of which varied from 0,33 to 1,1 g/cm3. For all types of charge, the synthesis of the α-Al2O3 phase was observed as a result of the exothermic reaction of the interaction of air oxygen with the surface of aluminum particles during the MP. It is also possible to form boehmite and gibbsite when the activated surface of Al particles interacts with atmospheric water vapor. The local X-ray spectral analysis (EDX) was used to detect X-ray amorphous carbon in the composition of the charge, the appearance of which is associated with the impact- shearing effect of grinding bodies, leading to the nucleation of X-ray amorphous carbon inclusions due to the termal destruction of stearin. The maximum bending strength of the sintered cermet was 550 MPa. This cermet is characterized by a discrete fracture: the formation of dimples as a result of the shear of layered packets under the action of tangential stresses. The revealed mechanisms cermet’s fractures allow us to establish the optimal modes of MP of powder compositions for obtaining various constructional elements from them.
Evaluation of the thermal stability of composite powder materials in a plasma jet
Authors: Kravchenko I. N. , Kuznetsov Yu. A. , Galinovskii A. L. , Velichko S. A. , Ionov P. A. , Kartsev S. V.
Published: November 2021

The results of studies of the thermal stability of materials operating in a plasma jet at high temperatures and a sharp change in thermal loads are presented. It has been proven that the use of plasma generators with the introduction of various powder materials makes it possible to simulate the operating conditions of parts in high-temperature gas flows with heated particles. The effect of the introduced powder materials on the thermal stability of samples prepared by plasma spraying from molybdenum, as well as tungsten and tungsten-based compositions is investigated. An installation is proposed for assessing the thermal stability of composite materials and protective hardening coatings operating under high-temperature gas flows, which makes it possible to determine their erosion resistance.
Obtaining and investigation of a finely dispersed fraction of granulated blast-furnace slags for use as components of clinker-free binders
Authors: Khaidarov B. B. , Suvorov D. S. , Lysov D. V. , Abramov A. K. , Luchnikova G. G. , Khaidarov T. B. , Kuznetsov D. V. , Bychkov A. V. , Burmistrov I. N. , Mamulat S. L.
Published: November 2021

A method for obtaining a finely dispersed fraction of ground blast-furnace granulated slag has been developed. The resulting material with the introduction of an alkaline additive can be offered as an alternative to foreign analogous fine-dispersed mineral binders, an example of which can be microcement. A comprehensive study of granular slags of two metallurgical plants was carried out, the physicochemical characteristics of materials were determined. The possibility of obtaining a fraction of ground granular slag with a particle size of no more than 16 microns using vortex electromagnetic homogenization and subsequent air classification is shown.
Perceived barriers to physical activity among Malaysian adults during COVID-19 pandemic- a cross-sectional study
Authors: Eng Yao Lok , Krishnan Vasanthi Rajkumar , Praveen Reshma , Md Nadzalan Ali , Jayaprabha Surendran Praveen
Published: November 2021

INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought a relatively significant impact on the world. Malaysia implemented a countrywide social isolation strategy to flatten the epidemic curve. As limits on movement and social interaction have come into force, more individuals appear less physically active. OBJECTIVE: To determine the perceived barriers to physical activity among Malaysian young adults during the Covid-19 Pandemic. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Total 217 participants included with age group from 18-40 years old voluntarily participated in this study. Participants were excluded if they were non-Malaysian and had any psychological problems and physical impairment that hindered physical activity. Barrier to Being Active quiz (BBAQ) questionnaire was circulated through various social media platforms from January 2021 to May 2021. Categorical data were presented using simple and absolute frequency on the distribution of sociodemographic profiles and BBAQ responses. Pearson Chi-square with 95% confidence level, p<0.05 was used as the significant level to analyze the association between gender and barriers. RESULTS: The barrier reported by the participants was “lack of willpower” 136 (62.7%), followed by “lack of energy” 117(53.9%), “lack of resource” 113(52.1%), “Lack of time,” 109(50.2%), “social influence” 100(46.1%), “lack of skill” 48(22.1%) and “fear of injury” 40(18.4%). There was no significant relationship between gender and Barrier to Physical Activity among Malaysian young adults. CONCLUSION: The “lack of energy,” “lack of willpower,” and “lack of resource” were the most perceived barriers to physical activity among Malaysian young adults during COVID19 lockdown and there was no significant association between physical activity barriers and the gender.