bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mundane Food Photography
Authors: Avgustis Iuliia , Oloff Florence
Published: March 2023

This article investigates mundane photo taking practices with personal mobile devices in the co-presence of others, as well as “divergent” self-initiated smartphone use, thereby exploring the impact of everyday technologies on social interaction. Utilizing multimodal conversation analysis, we examined sequences in which young adults take pictures of food and drinks in restaurants and cafés. Although everyday interactions are abundant in opportunities for accomplishing food photography as a side activity, our data show that taking pictures is also often prioritized over other activities. Through a detailed sequential analysis of video recordings and dynamic screen captures of mobile devices, we illustrate how photographers orient to the momentary opportunities for and relevance of photo taking, that is, how they systematically organize their photographing with respect to the ongoing social encounter and the (projected) changes in the material environment. We investigate how the participants multimodally negotiate the “mainness” and “sideness” (Mondada, 2014) of situated food photography and describe some particular features of participants’ conduct in moments of mundane multiactivity.
Organization of Content Policy on University Library Websites: Strategies for Promoting Publishing Projects
Authors: Fedotova Natal'ya
Published: March 2023

In the era of digital transformation, the forms of providing information and working with users are changing. As you know, libraries of educational institutions are not only a place for storing and distributing educational resources among readers, but also carry out work to popularize resources and promote them in the educational environment. The university libraries, performing informational, educational and cultural functions, use the tools of websites to solve the tasks set. The success of the entire educational organization depends on a competent and convenient content policy. The article is devoted to the content analysis of sections of the websites of libraries of pedagogical universities. The purpose of the study: to study the content of the websites of libraries of pedagogical universities. In the course of the work, statistical and comparative methods were used, a content analysis of 38 pages was carried out, the main tasks were identified and problems for further research were identified. Main conclusions: relevance of content, reflection of links with external partners and publishers, ease of navigation, modern design are important conditions for interaction between the library and the reader and, as a result, increased interest in publishing projects and library activities. Different types and variety of content increase audience engagement, reduce the time of interaction between participants in the educational process. The main tasks facing libraries are: building up external and internal relations to promote publishing projects, work to popularize the developments of the university's authors in the external information space, the use of modern research on the impact of web resource design on readers. The results can be used to develop courses and conduct training events for industry professionals.
High-throughput profiling of sequence recognition by tyrosine kinases and SH2 domains using bacterial peptide display
Authors: Li Allyson , Voleti Rashmi , Lee Minhee , Gagoski Dejan , Shah Neel H
Published: March 2023

Tyrosine kinases and SH2 (phosphotyrosine recognition) domains have binding specificities that depend on the amino acid sequence surrounding the target (phospho)tyrosine residue. Although the preferred recognition motifs of many kinases and SH2 domains are known, we lack a quantitative description of sequence specificity that could guide predictions about signaling pathways or be used to design sequences for biomedical applications. Here, we present a platform that combines genetically encoded peptide libraries and deep sequencing to profile sequence recognition by tyrosine kinases and SH2 domains. We screened several tyrosine kinases against a million-peptide random library and used the resulting profiles to design high-activity sequences. We also screened several kinases against a library containing thousands of human proteome-derived peptides and their naturally-occurring variants. These screens recapitulated independently measured phosphorylation rates and revealed hundreds of phosphosite-proximal mutations that impact phosphosite recognition by tyrosine kinases. We extended this platform to the analysis of SH2 domains and showed that screens could predict relative binding affinities. Finally, we expanded our method to assess the impact of non-canonical and post-translationally modified amino acids on sequence recognition. This specificity profiling platform will shed new light on phosphotyrosine signaling and could readily be adapted to other protein modification/recognition domains.
Evaluation of antibody kinetics and durability in healthy individuals vaccinated with inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (CoronaVac): A cross-sectional and cohort study in Zhejiang, China
Authors: Zhang Hangjie , Hua Qianhui , Nani Xu Nani , Zhang Xinpei , Chen Bo , Ma Xijun , Hu Jie , Chen Zhongbing , Yu Pengfei , Lei Huijun , Wang Shenyu , Ding Linling , Fu Jian , Liao Yuting , Yang Juan , Jiang Jianmin , Lv Huakun
Published: March 2023

Background:

Although inactivated COVID-19 vaccines are proven to be safe and effective in the general population, the dynamic response and duration of antibodies after vaccination in the real world should be further assessed.

Methods:

We enrolled 1067 volunteers who had been vaccinated with one or two doses of CoronaVac in Zhejiang Province, China. Another 90 healthy adults without previous vaccinations were recruited and vaccinated with three doses of CoronaVac, 28 days and 6 months apart. Serum samples were collected from multiple timepoints and analyzed for specific IgM/IgG and neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) for immunogenicity evaluation. Antibody responses to the Delta and Omicron variants were measured by pseudovirus-based neutralization tests.

Results:

Our results revealed that binding antibody IgM peaked 14–28 days after one dose of CoronaVac, while IgG and NAbs peaked approximately 1 month after the second dose then declined slightly over time. Antibody responses had waned by month 6 after vaccination and became undetectable in the majority of individuals at 12 months. Levels of NAbs to live SARS-CoV-2 were correlated with anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and NAbs to pseudovirus, but not IgM. Homologous booster around 6 months after primary vaccination activated anamnestic immunity and raised NAbs 25.5-fold. The neutralized fraction subsequently rose to 36.0% for Delta (p=0.03) and 4.3% for Omicron (p=0.004), and the response rate for Omicron rose from 7.9% (7/89)–17.8% (16/90).

Conclusions:

Two doses of CoronaVac vaccine resulted in limited protection over a short duration. The inactivated vaccine booster can reverse the decrease of antibody levels to prime strain, but it does not elicit potent neutralization against Omicron; therefore, the optimization of booster procedures is vital.

Funding:

Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province; Key Program of Health Commission of Zhejiang Province/ Science Foundation of National Health Commission; Major Program of Zhejiang Municipal Natural Science Foundation; Explorer Program of Zhejiang Municipal Natural Science Foundation.
High-throughput library transgenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans via Transgenic Arrays Resulting in Diversity of Integrated Sequences (TARDIS)
Authors: Stevenson Zachary C , Moerdyk-Schauwecker Megan J , Banse Stephen A , Patel Dhaval S , Lu Hang , Phillips Patrick C
Published: March 2023

High-throughput transgenesis using synthetic DNA libraries is a powerful method for systematically exploring genetic function. Diverse synthesized libraries have been used for protein engineering, identification of protein–protein interactions, characterization of promoter libraries, developmental and evolutionary lineage tracking, and various other exploratory assays. However, the need for library transgenesis has effectively restricted these approaches to single-cell models. Here, we present Transgenic Arrays Resulting in Diversity of Integrated Sequences (TARDIS), a simple yet powerful approach to large-scale transgenesis that overcomes typical limitations encountered in multicellular systems. TARDIS splits the transgenesis process into a two-step process: creation of individuals carrying experimentally introduced sequence libraries, followed by inducible extraction and integration of individual sequences/library components from the larger library cassette into engineered genomic sites. Thus, transformation of a single individual, followed by lineage expansion and functional transgenesis, gives rise to thousands of genetically unique transgenic individuals. We demonstrate the power of this system using engineered, split selectable TARDIS sites in Caenorhabditis elegans to generate (1) a large set of individually barcoded lineages and (2) transcriptional reporter lines from predefined promoter libraries. We find that this approach increases transformation yields up to approximately 1000-fold over current single-step methods. While we demonstrate the utility of TARDIS using C. elegans, in principle the process is adaptable to any system where experimentally generated genomic loci landing pads and diverse, heritable DNA elements can be generated.
Structure and characteristics of the plant-frugivore bird network from the Guilin Botanical Garden
Authors: Wang Guohai , Huang Yang , Yao Wei , Huang Qiuchan , Huang Yongping , Wei Lijuan , Zhou Qihai
Published: March 2023

The interaction between plants and frugivores is crucial to ecosystem function and community diversity. However, little is known about the interaction between plants and frugivorous bird species in urban green spaces. We observed interactions between plants and frugivorous birds in the Guilin Botanical Garden for one year and determined the structure and characteristics of the interaction network. We also analyzed the impact of species traits on their network roles. Interactions between 14 frugivorous birds and 13 fruit plant species were recorded in the study area. Autumn interactions comprised 38.79% of the overall network, and winter interactions comprised 33.15%. The modularity (Q, z-score) of the network was higher in autumn; the weighted nestedness (wNODF, z-score) and interaction evenness (E2, z-score) of the network were higher in winter; the connectance (C, z-score) and interaction diversity (z-score) of the network were higher in spring; and the specialization (H2′, z-score) of the network was higher in summer. The observed network showed lower C, lower interaction H2, lower E2 , lower wNODF, higher H2′ and higher Q when compared to the random networks. The bird species most important to network stability were Hemixos castanonotus, Parus venustulus, and Pycnonotus sinensis. The most important plant species were Alocasia macrorrhiza, Cinnamomum camphora, and Machilus nanmu. Of all the bird and plant traits included in this study, only plant color had a significant impact on species strength, with black fruit having a higher species strength. Our results suggest that interaction networks in urban green spaces can be temporally complex and variable and that a network approach can be an important monitoring tool for detecting the status of crucial ecosystem functions.
Concordance of chest x-ray with chest CT by body mass index
Authors: Heston Thomas F. , Jiang John Y.
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Patients with suspected thoracic pathology frequently get imaging with conventional radiography or chest x-rays (CXR) and computed tomography (CT). CXR include one or two planar views, compared to the three-dimensional images generated by chest CT. CXR imaging has the advantage of lower costs and lower radiation exposure at the expense of lower diagnostic accuracy, especially in patients with large body habitus.

Objectives

To determine whether CXR imaging could achieve acceptable diagnostic accuracy in patients with a low body mass index (BMI).

Methods

This retrospective study evaluated 50 patients with age of 63 ± 12 years old, 92% male, BMI 31.7 ± 7.9, presenting with acute, nontraumatic cardiopulmonary complaints who underwent CXR followed by CT within 1 day. Diagnostic accuracy was determined by comparing scan interpretation with the final clinical diagnosis of the referring clinician.

Results

CT results were significantly correlated with CXR results (r = 0.284, p = 0.046). Correcting for BMI did not improve this correlation (r = 0.285, p = 0.047). Correcting for BMI and age also did not improve the correlation (r = 0.283, p = 0.052), nor did correcting for BMI, age, and sex (r = 0.270, p = 0.067). Correcting for height alone slightly improved the correlation (r = 0.290, p = 0.043), as did correcting for weight alone (r = 0.288, p = 0.045). CT accuracy was 92% (SE = 0.039) vs. 60% for CXR (SE = 0.070, p < 0.01).

Conclusion

Accounting for patient body habitus as determined by either BMI, height, or weight did not improve the correlation between CXR accuracy and chest CT accuracy. CXR is significantly less accurate than CT even in patients with a low BMI.
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Associated Renal Cell Carcinoma with Leiomyomatous Stroma
Authors: Thomas Renu Mariam , Ullas Parvathy D , Gangadharan VP
Published: March 2023

This case report is about an unusual subtype of renal cell carcinoma with distinct morphological pattern in a 24-year-old female patient with tuberous sclerosis complex. She presented with pain in the left flank and an Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) upper abdomen showed a solid cystic lesion in the interpolar region of left kidney, measuring 2.8×2.8×2.8 cm. She underwent partial nephrectomy which revealed a solid cystic tumour. Microscopically, the tumour was composed of long branching tubules lined by cells with voluminous clear/ vacuolated cytoplasm. A prominent fibromyomatous stroma was seen focally, separating the tumour into nodular aggregates. Tumour cells were positive for Cytokeratin 7 (CK7) on immunohistochemical study. These features were consistent with renal cell carcinoma with leiomyomatous stroma. Genetic study showed a heterozygous nonsense variation in Tuberous Sclerosis 1 (TSC1), gene, diagnostic of tuberous sclerosis. This report exemplifies the pivotal role pathologists play in the initial identification of certain hereditary cancer syndrome. The distinct morphology and immunohistochemical profile of the tumour is described.
Prevalence of Perceived Anxiety in General People, Students and Healthcare Professionals during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Scientific Review
Authors: Nayan Md. Iqbal Hossain , Nandi Tirtha , Ghosh Rupali
Published: March 2023

The global severity of COVID-19 remains high which results anxiety and other mental health problems, also it altered people's everyday lives, affected human connections and economic operations. The goal of this comprehensive review was to identify the effects of the linkage COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of different groups and communities. This study compiled evidences of a link between anxiety rates and the COVID-19 pandemic. The evaluation period started in June’ 2022 and ended on August’2022, during this time, total four databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Tailor & Francis Online, and Springer were used to search scientific literatures. A total 616 studies were identified from all four databases and 63 scientific literatures were selected based of predetermined criteria for review which were published in between 2020 to 2022. Three groups of population such as general population, students and healthcare professionals were taken for review the findings from the selected literatures. Gender, physical disorders, psychiatric disorders, COVID infection, infection rates in colleagues or family members, experience of frontline work & non-frontline work, close contact with infected patients, high exposure risk, quarantine experience, etc. were highly considered as factors associated with increased prevalence of anxiety among all three groups. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the general population, healthcare professionals, and students experienced an increase in the prevalence of mental diseases, whereas infected individuals had a decrease. Females were highly prevalent to anxiety than male. Our comprehensive review concluded significant co-relation between anxiety and COVID-19 but long-term study is needed to better understand which may define the population's mental condition in future.
Effect of Different Doses of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on Growth of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) cv. Arka Anamika
Authors: Bagadi Rohit Kumar , Chakravorty Snehasish
Published: March 2023

Background: A field experiment was conducted to know the effect of different doses of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) cv. Arka anamika was carried out at Horticultural Farm of Palli-Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, West Bengal during 2020. The experiment was laid out in a RCBD (Randomized complete block design) consisting of twelve treatments with 3 replications. Treatments included were four levels of nitrogen (0, 100, 120 and 140 kg N/ha) and three levels of phosphorus (0, 80 and 100 kg P/ha). The statistical analysis indicated that growth was significantly influenced with application of nitrogen and phosphorus. The characters plant height, number of branches per plant, first flowering, fifty percent of flowering, fruit length, fruit diameter exhibited best results with the treatment N3P2 (140 kg N ha + 100 kg P ha). Present investigation, therefore, indicated better response of the plants towardsapplication of 140 kg/ha nitrogen and 100 kg/ha phosphorus which was found to be most remunerative with regard to their growth of okra.
Potential of Electricity Generation and Wastewater Treatment of Organic Brewery Effluent Using Inoculated H-Type Microbial Fuel Cell
Authors: Desta Mulu Berhe , Tebeje Dagmawi Girmay , Gebrehiwot Hagos Mebrahtu
Published: March 2023

MFCs are bio-electrochemical devices that are capable of transforming chemical energy stored in waste organic matter into direct electrical energy through catalytic activity of microorganisms under anaerobic conditions. Bio-electrochemical systems, such as microbial fuel cells (MFCs), serve as greener alternatives to conventional fuel energy. In recent years, MFCs have drawn science community interest as a method for direct bioelectricity recovery from wastewater while simultaneously treating the wastewater. Moreover; they gain a competitive advantage over other water treatment technologies due to their unique features such as huge energy benefits, less environmental impact, good operating stability, and high economic efficiency. Reports reveal that MFCs are the subject of much interest to researchers, and the number of papers on MFCs in wastewater treatment is increasing. The ever-growing demand for green waste management and renewable sources of energy has enthused research efforts all over the world. This study, therefore, investigated the effect of process variables on the bio-electrical performance of H-type microbial fuel cells fueled with brewery wastewater and inoculated with distillery plant waste. From the experimental results, 1150mV maximum voltage output, 92.85%, 91.40%, 68.87%, and 70.10% removal efficiencies of COD, BOD, TN and TP respectively were obtained at 35ºC, pH 7, and 5 days. These results confirmed that brewery wastewater effectively treated would generate a considerable amount of direct bio-electricity. Results also revealed that the MFC provides an alternative insight into an effective treatment of wastewater that can simultaneously generate a direct bio-electricity in a sustainable and eco-friendly manner.
Portal de Acesso às Informações das Ações das Universidades Federais em Resposta à Pandemia de Covid-19: uma análise do período pandêmico até a transição para uma pós-pandemia
Authors: Jorge Eduardo Manuel de Freitas , Santos Leandro  Brito , Neves Paulo Ricardo Ferreira , Lucena Poty Rodrigues de
Published: March 2023

Durante a pandemia, foi necessária uma nova organização das atividades acadêmicas das Universidades Federais para empreender ações internas e externas de enfrentamento à Covid-19. Para compartilhar as ações realizadas, o Ministério da Educação (MEC) desenvolveu dois portais de informação sobre os números da Covid-19 e sobrea as ações desenvolvidas para a educação básica e superior. Um desses portais é o “Painel Coronavírus – Monitoramento da Rede Federal”, que reúne um conjunto de informações referente às ações realizadas pelas instituições de ensino desde o início da pandemia até o momento atual de transição para uma pós-pandemia. Utilizando um método de análise de dados quantitativos e qualitativos, buscou-se discorrer sobre os dados de casos de Covid-19 e seus picos como as ações envolvendo modalidade de ensino, prevenção e apoio à comunidade acadêmica. Como resultado, são apresentados de forma correlacionada alguns painéis do portal e a análise dos dados das ações, permitindo compartilhar as estratégias e a compreensão histórica de quais ações foram utilizadas no enfrentamento da pandemia e na transição de uma pós-pandemia.
Editorial
Authors: Mata Ana Maria Álvares Tavares da
Published: March 2023

A Ciência no mundo pós-pandemia
Após os primeiros casos conhecidos na China em dezembro de 2019, o vírus SARS-Cov-2 alastrou rapidamente além fronteiras levando a Organiazação Mudial de Saude (OMS) a declarar em 30 de janeiro de 2020 o estado de “Emergência de Saúde Pública de Importância Internacional (ESPII)”, o mais alto nível de alerta, e em 11 de março de 2020, a COVID-19 foi caracterizada como uma pandemia pela OMS.
Pouco tempo após essa declaração, a maioria dos países iniciou períodos de lock-down total, situação inédita na história mundial. Vivi esse período conturbado em Portugal, onde moro e onde o Ministério da Saúde teve uma importância fundamental na comunicação com a população, emitindo comunicados diários com a evolução da situação e indicando os passos a seguir para manter a segurança de todos. Tudo isso com base nas informações dos especialistas. Como nunca, o conhecimento científico foi a única ferramenta útil para lidar com a realidade e enfrentar a pandemia. No caso de Portugal, um país com uma população envelhecida e, por isso, muito vulnerável, foi a ciência que permitiu que a percentagem de vítimas não tenha sido avassaladora.
O que aprendemos, o que sabemos agora no mundo pós-pandemia? Acredito que a pandemia tenha trazido para o centro da sociedade, de novo, a importância da ciência e de como ela funciona: quase sendo uma entidade orgânica viva, em constante adaptação e aperfeiçoamento que avança e traz esperança à humanidade. E que se quer para o futuro mais e melhor ciência! Quer-se ciência centrada na melhoria da qualidade de vida das populações e na preservação do planeta.
A disseminação da ciência é um passo fundamental do processo, e a Cadernos de Prospecção cumpre, com mais esta edição, a sua vocação de veículo transmissor de conhecimento. Nesta edição especial, “Covid-19: o mundo pós-pandemia” apresenta-se artigos de um total de 34 autores, pertencentes a 16 instituições Científicas, Tecnológicas e de Inovação pertencentes a 12 estados distintos do Brasil.
Boas leituras e viva a Ciência!!
 
Ana Maria Álvares Tavares da Mata
Professora Adjunta do Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal (ESTS-IPS), Portugal
Investigadora do CINEA, Centro de Investigação em Energia e Ambiente do IPS, Portugal
Investigadora do iBB, Instituto de Bioengenharia e Biociências, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
The Effect of Cryoprotectants and Storage Conditions on the Transfection Efficiency, Stability, and Safety of Lipid‐Based Nanoparticles for mRNA and DNA Delivery
Authors: Kafetzis Konstantinos N. , Papalamprou Natalia , McNulty Elisha , Thong Kai X. , Sato Yusuke , Mironov Aleksandr , Purohit Atul , Welsby Philip J. , Harashima Hideyoshi , Yu‐Wai‐Man Cynthia , Tagalakis Aristides D.
Published: March 2023

Lipid‐based nanoparticles have recently shown great promise, establishing themselves as the gold standard in delivering novel RNA therapeutics. However, research on the effects of storage on their efficacy, safety, and stability is still lacking. Herein, the impact of storage temperature on two types of lipid‐based nanocarriers, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) and receptor‐targeted nanoparticles (RTNs), loaded with either DNA or messenger RNA (mRNA), is explored and the effects of different cryoprotectants on the stability and efficacy of the formulations are investigated. The medium‐term stability of the nanoparticles was evaluated by monitoring their physicochemical characteristics, entrapment and transfection efficiency, every two weeks over one month. It is demonstrated, that the use of cryoprotectants protects nanoparticles against loss of function and degradation in all storage conditions. Moreover, it is shown that the addition of sucrose enables all nanoparticles to remain stable and maintain their efficacy for up to a month when stored at −80 °C, regardless of cargo or type of nanoparticle. DNA‐loaded nanoparticles also remain stable in a wider variety of storage conditions than mRNA‐loaded ones. Importantly, these novel LNPs show increased GFP expression that can signify their future use in gene therapies, beyond the established role of LNPs in RNA therapeutics.
l‐Arginine‐Modified CoWO4/FeWO4 S‐Scheme Heterojunction Enhances Ferroptosis against Solid Tumor
Authors: Yang Zhuoran , Yang Chunyu , Yang Dan , Zhang Ye , Yang Qingzhu , Qu Fengyu , Guo Wei
Published: March 2023

Ferroptosis has recently attracted much attention as an anti‐tumor therapy. Evidence suggests that ferroptosis can induce oxidative stress and accumulation of lethal lipid peroxides in cancer cells, leading to cell damage. However, unsuitable pH, H2O2 levels, and high glutathione (GSH) expression in the tumor microenvironment hinder the development of ferroptosis‐mediated therapy. In this study, an l‐arginine (l‐arg)‐modified CoWO4/FeWO4 (CFW) S‐scheme heterojunction is strategically designed and constructed for ultrasound (US)‐triggered sonodynamic‐ and gas therapy‐induced ferroptosis. CFW not only has excellent Fenton‐catalytic activity, outstanding GSH consumption capacity, and excellent ability to overcome tumor hypoxia, but its S‐scheme heterostructure can also avoid the rapid combination of electron (e) and hole (h+) pairs, thereby enhancing the sonodynamic effects. As a precursor of nitric oxide (NO), l‐arg is modified on the surface of CFW (CFW@l‐arg) to achieve controlled NO release under US irradiation, thereby enhancing ferroptosis. In addition, poly(allylamine hydrochloride) is further modified on the surface of CFW@l‐arg to stabilize l‐arg and achieve controllable NO release. Both in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that such a multifunctional therapeutic nanoplatform can achieve high therapeutic efficacy through sonodynamic and gas therapy‐enhanced ferroptosis. This designed oncotherapy nanoplatform provides new inspiration for ferroptosis‐mediated therapy.
Outersphere Approach to Increasing the Persistance of Oxygen‐Sensitive Europium(II)‐Containing Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Perfluorocarbon Nanoemulsions toward Imaging of Hypoxia
Authors: Lutter Jacob C. , Batchev Andrea L. , Ortiz Caitlyn J. , Sertage Alexander G. , Romero Jonathan , Subasinghe S. A. Amali S. , Pedersen Steen E. , Samee Md Abul Hassan , Pautler Robia G. , Allen Matthew J.
Published: March 2023

Radiographic mapping of hypoxia is needed to study a wide range of diseases. Complexes of Eu(II) are a promising class of molecules to fit this need, but they are generally limited by their rapid oxidation rates in vivo. Here, a perfluorocarbon‐nanoemulsion perfused with N2, forms an interface with aqueous layers to hinder oxidation of a new perfluorocarbon‐soluble complex of Eu(II). Conversion of the perfluorocarbon solution of Eu(II) into nanoemulsions results in observable differences between reduced and oxidized forms by magnetic resonance imaging both in vitro and in vivo. Oxidation in vivo occurrs over a period of ≈30 min compared to <5 min for a comparable Eu(II)‐containing complex without nanoparticle interfaces. These results represent a critical step toward delivery of Eu(II)‐containing complexes in vivo for the study of hypoxia.
Tongue−Brain‐Transported ZnO Nanoparticles Induce Abnormal Taste Perception
Authors: Chen Aijie , Wang Ruolan , Kang Yiyuan , Liu Jia , Wu Junrong , Zhang Yanli , Zhang Yulin , Shao Longquan
Published: March 2023

Nanoparticles (NPs) can be transported to the brain, especially through nerves, because of their small size and high biological activity. Previous studies confirmed that zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs can enter the brain through the tongue−brain pathway, but it is unclear whether they will further affect synaptic transmission and brain perception. In this study, it is found that tongue−brain‐transported ZnO NPs can cause a decrease in taste sensitivity and taste aversion learning ability, indicating abnormal taste perception. Moreover, the release of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents, the frequency of action potential release, and the expression of c‐fos are decreased, suggesting that the synaptic transmission is reduced. To further explore the mechanism, protein chip detection of inflammatory factors is carried out and it is found that neuroinflammation occurs. Importantly, it is found that neuroinflammation originated from neurons. The JAK‐STAT signaling pathway is activated, which inhibits the Neurexin1‐PSD95‐Neurologigin1 pathway and c‐fos expression. Blocking the activation of the JAK‐STAT pathway prevents neuroinflammation and the reduction in Neurexin1‐PSD95‐Neurologigin1. These results indicate that ZnO NPs can be transported by the tongue−brain pathway and lead to abnormal taste perception by neuroinflammation‐induced deficits in synaptic transmission. The study reveals the influence of ZnO NPs on neuronal function and provides a novel mechanism.
Fluorinated Li10GeP2S12 Enables Stable All‐Solid‐State Lithium Batteries
Authors: Jin Yuming , He Qinsheng , Liu Gaozhan , Gu Zhi , Wu Ming , Sun Tianyu , Zhang Zhihua , Huang Liangfeng , Yao Xiayin
Published: March 2023

The instability of Li10GeP2S12 toward moisture and that toward lithium metal are two challenges for the application in all‐solid‐state lithium batteries. In this work, Li10GeP2S12 is fluorinated to form a LiF‐coated core–shell solid electrolyte LiF@Li10GeP2S12. Density‐functional theory calculations confirm the hydrolysis mechanism of Li10GeP2S12 solid electrolyte, including H2O adsorption on Li atoms of Li10GeP2S12 and the subsequent PS43− dissociation affected by hydrogen bond. The hydrophobic LiF shell can reduce the adsorption site, thus resulting in superior moisture stability when exposing in 30% relative humidity air. Moreover, with LiF shell, Li10GeP2S12 shows one order lower electronic conductivity, which can significantly suppress lithium dendrite growth and reduce the side reaction between Li10GeP2S12 and lithium, realizing three times higher critical current density to 3 mA cm−2. The assembled LiNbO3@LiCoO2/LiF@Li10GeP2S12/Li battery exhibits an initial discharge capacity of 101.0 mAh g−1 with a capacity retention of 94.8% after 1000 cycles at 1 C.
Foldable RF Energy Harvesting System Based on Vertically Layered Metal Electrodes within a Single Sheet of Paper
Authors: Oh In Hyeok , Park Eiyong , Chang Suk Tai , Lim Sungjoon
Published: March 2023

Radio frequency energy harvesting (RFEH) systems have emerged as a critical component for powering devices and replacing traditional batteries, with paper being one of the most promising substrates for use in flexible RFEH systems. However, previous paper‐based electronics with optimized porosity, surface roughness, and hygroscopicity still face limitations in terms of the development of integrated foldable RFEH systems within a single sheet of paper. In the present study, a novel wax‐printing control and water‐based solution process are used to realize an integrated foldable RFEH system within a single sheet of paper. The proposed paper‐based device includes vertically layered foldable metal electrodes, a via‐hole, and stable conductive patterns with a sheet resistance of less than 1 Ω sq−1. The proposed RFEH system exhibits an RF/DC conversion efficiency of 60% and an operating voltage of 2.1 V in 100 s at a distance of 50 mm and a transmitted power of 50 mW. The integrated RFEH system also demonstrates stable foldability, with RFEH performance maintained up to a folding angle of 150°. The single‐sheet paper‐based RFEH system thus has the potential for use in practical applications associated with the remote powering of wearable and Internet‐of‐Things devices and in paper electronics.
Improved Carrier Management via a Multifunctional Modifier for High‐Quality Low‐Bandgap Sn–Pb Perovskites and Efficient All‐Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells
Authors: Luo Jincheng , He Rui , Lai Huagui , Chen Cong , Zhu Jingwei , Xu Yuliang , Yao Fang , Ma Tianshu , Luo Yi , Yi Zongjin , Jiang Yiting , Gao Zhiyu , Wang Juncheng , Wang Wenwu , Huang Hao , Wang Ye , Ren Shengqiang , Lin Qianqian , Wang Changlei , Fu Fan , Zhao Dewei
Published: March 2023

All‐perovskite tandem solar cells (TSCs) hold great promise in terms of ultrahigh efficiency, low manufacturing cost, and flexibility, stepping forward to the next‐generation photovoltaics. However, their further development is hampered by the relatively low performance of low‐bandgap (LBG) tin (Sn)–lead (Pb) perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Improving the carrier management, including suppressing trap‐assisted non‐radiative recombination and promoting carrier transfer, is of great significance to enhance the performance of Sn–Pb PSCs. Herein, a carrier management strategy is reported for using cysteine hydrochloride (CysHCl) simultaneously as a bulky passivator and a surface anchoring agent for Sn–Pb perovskite. CysHCl processing effectively reduces trap density and suppresses non‐radiative recombination, enabling the growth of high‐quality Sn–Pb perovskite with greatly improved carrier diffusion length of >8 µm. Furthermore, the electron transfer at the perovskite/C60 interface is accelerated due to the formation of surface dipoles and favorable energy band bending. As a result, these advances enable the demonstration of champion efficiency of 22.15% for CysHCl‐processed LBG Sn–Pb PSCs with remarkable enhancement in both open‐circuit voltage and fill factor. When paired with a wide‐bandgap (WBG) perovskite subcell, a certified 25.7%‐efficient all‐perovskite monolithic tandem device is further demonstrated.
Anchoring hydroxyl intermediate on NiCo(OOH)x nanosheets to enable highly efficient electrooxidation of benzyl alcohols
Authors: Zhang Man , Xu Zhenhao , Liu Biying , Duan Yan , Zheng Zhikeng , Li Leijing , Zhou Quan , Matveeva Valentina G. , Hu Zhuofeng , Yu Jimmy , Yan Kai
Published: March 2023

Selective oxidation of alcohols to the carboxylic acid plays an important role in the production of valuable chemicals. Herein, NiCo hydroxide (NiCo(OOH)x) nanosheets with a thickness of ~4 nm were controllably fabricated in a facile way efficient for the electrooxidation of benzyl alcohol (BAL) to benzoic acid (BAD). Mechanistic studies confirmed the hydroxyl active intermediate (OH*) generated on the surface of NiCo(OOH)x nanosheets through operando electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis during the electrooxidation process. Importantly, we discovered that the OH* was crucial to boost the selective oxidation of BAL by attacking the hydroxyl end group to achieve carboxylic acid. The early onset potential of 1.16 VRHE in the presence of BAL was below 1.23 VRHE for oxygen evolution reaction. The rotating ring‐disk electrode further revealed that the electrocatalytic BAL oxidation reaction occurred earlier in the oxygen evolution reaction. In 150 mM BAL, NiCo(OOH)x nanosheets generated a high BAD selectivity of >99% and full conversion of BAL in 3 h. The experimental and theoretical calculation revealed that the dominant pathway of BAL oxidation was the interaction between nucleophilic BAL with OH* to form BAL‐OH* directly by dehydrogenates, thereby producing BAD with high efficiency. This research sheds mechanism insights on the electrocatalytic alcohols oxidation reaction.
Work‐related asthma consequences on socioeconomic, asthma control, quality of life, and psychological status compared with non‐work‐related asthma: A cross‐sectional study in an upper‐middle‐income country
Authors: Roio Lavinia Clara Del , Stelmach Rafael , Mizutani Rafael F. , Terra‐Filho Mario , Santos Ubiratan d. P.
Published: March 2023

Background

Work‐related asthma (WRA) is the most prevalent occupational respiratory disease, and it has negative effects on socioeconomic standing, asthma control, quality of life, and mental health status. Most of the studies on WRA consequences are from high‐income countries; there is a lack of information on these effects in Latin America and in middle‐income countries.

Methods

This study compared socioeconomic, asthma control, quality of life, and psychological outcomes among individuals diagnosed with WRA and non‐work‐related asthma (NWRA) in a middle‐income country. Patients with asthma, related and not related to work, were interviewed using a structured questionnaire to assess their occupational history and socioeconomic conditions, and with questionnaires to assess asthma control (Asthma Control Test and Asthma Control Questionnaire‐6), quality of life (Juniper's Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire), and presence of anxiety and depression symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). Each patient's medical record was reviewed for exams and use of medication, and comparisons were made between individuals with WRA and NWRA.

Results

The study included 132 patients with WRA and 130 with NWRA. Individuals with WRA had worse socioeconomic outcomes, worse asthma control, more quality‐of‐life impairment, and a higher prevalence of anxiety and depression than individuals with NWRA. Among individuals with WRA, those who had been removed from occupational exposure had a worse socioeconomic impact.

Conclusions

Consequences on socioeconomic, asthma control, quality of life, and psychological status are worse for WRA individuals when compared with NWRA.
Hippocampal connectivity and memory decline in cognitively intact APOE ε4 carriers
Authors: Baxter Leslie C. , Limback‐Stokin Martin , Patten K. Jakob , Arreola Alejandra Cabello , Locke Dona E. C. , Hu Leland , Zhou Yuxiang , Caselli Richard J.
Published: March 2023

INTRODUCTION

Resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) graph theory may help detect subtle functional connectivity changes affecting memory prior to impairment.

METHODS

Cognitively normal apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carriers/noncarriers underwent longitudinal cognitive assessment and one‐time MRI. The relationship of left/right hippocampal connectivity and memory trajectory were compared between carriers/noncarriers.

RESULTS

Steepness of verbal memory decline correlated with decreased connectivity in the left hippocampus, only among APOE ε4 carriers. Right hippocampal metrics were not correlated with memory and there were no significant correlations in the noncarriers. Verbal memory decline correlated with left hippocampal volume loss for both carriers and noncarriers, with no other significant volumetric findings.

DISCUSSION

Findings support early hippocampal dysfunction in intact carriers, the AD disconnection hypothesis, and left hippocampal dysfunction earlier than the right. Combining lateralized graph theoretical metrics with a sensitive measure of memory trajectory allowed for detection of early‐stage changes in APOE ε4 carriers before symptoms of mild cognitive impairment are present.

Highlights

Graph theory connectivity detects preclinical hippocampal changes in APOE ε4 carriers.

The AD disconnection hypothesis was supported in unimpaired APOE ε4 carriers.

Hippocampal dysfunction starts asymmetrically on the left.
Bisphenol A disruption promotes mammary tumor microenvironment via phenotypic cell polarization and inflammatory response
Authors: Ruiz Thalles F. R. , Colleta Simone J. , dos Santos Diego D. , Castro Nayara F. C. , Cabral Ágata S. , Calmon Marilia F. , Rahal Paula , Gil Cristiane D. , Girol Ana Paula , Vilamaior Patricia S. L. , Leonel Ellen C. R. , Taboga Sebastião R.
Published: March 2023

Inflammation in the established tumor microenvironment (TME) is often associated with a poor prognosis of breast cancer. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine‐disrupting chemical that acts as inflammatory promoter and tumoral facilitator in mammary tissue. Previous studies demonstrated the onset of mammary carcinogenesis at aging when BPA exposure occurred in windows of development/susceptibility. We aim to investigate the inflammatory repercussions of BPA in TME in mammary gland (MG) during neoplastic development in aging. Female Mongolian gerbils were exposed to low (50 µg/kg) or high BPA (5000 µg/kg) doses during pregnancy and lactation. They were euthanized at 18 months of age (aging) and the MG were collected for inflammatory markers and histopathological analysis. Contrarily to control MG, BPA induced carcinogenic development mediated by COX‐2 and p‐STAT3 expression. BPA was also able to promote macrophage and mast cell (MC) polarization in tumoral phenotype, evidenced by pathways for recruitment and activation of these inflammatory cells and tissue invasiveness triggered by tumor necrosis factor‐alpha and transforming growth factor‐beta 1 (TGF‐β1). Increase of tumor‐associated macrophages, M1 (CD68 + iNOS+) and M2 (CD163+) expressing pro‐tumoral mediators and metalloproteases was observed; this aspect greatly contributed to stromal remodeling and invasion of neoplastic cells. In addition, the MC population drastically increased in BPA‐exposed MG. Tryptase‐positive MCs increased in disrupted MG and expressed TGF‐β1, contributing to EMT process during carcinogenesis mediated by BPA. BPA exposure interfered in inflammatory response by releasing and enhancing the expression of mediators that contribute to tumor growth and recruitment of inflammatory cells that promote a malignant profile.
Can patients be selected for transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair based on the baseline transmitral gradient?
Authors: Ueyama Hiroki , Block Peter C.
Published: March 2023

Key Points

Baseline transmitral gradient can predict reduction in left atrial pressure and residual transmitral gradient after transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair (TEER).

Understanding the possible multiple causes of elevated transmitral gradient before and after TEER may be important for selecting patients.

Further research is necessary to elucidate the complex interaction of mitral regurgitation, the mitral annulus, left atrial, and ventricular function and their response to TEER.
Keep it simple
Authors: Musumeci Giuseppe , Annibali Gianmarco
Published: March 2023

Key Points

Studies of coronary bifurcation lesions have shown no advantage of systematic two‐stent strategies over one‐stent strategies.

The provisional stenting provides a dynamic approach to the treatment of the majority of bifurcation lesion.

Use of noncompliant balloons for kissing balloon inflation was associated with reduced side vessel stenting and lower overall periprocedural myocardial infarction.
Adjunctive techniques in endovascular repair of postcarotid endarterectomy pseudoaneurysm: Case report and literature review
Authors: Esposito Andrea , Menna Danilo , Giordano Antonio Nicola , Cappiello Antonino Pierluigi
Published: March 2023

Pseudoaneurysm (PA) following carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is a rare and dangerous complication. In recent years endovascular approach has been preferred to open surgery as it is less invasive and reduces complications in an already operated neck, especially cranial nerve injuries. We report a case of large post‐CEA PA causing dysphagia, successfully treated by deployment of two balloon‐expandable covered stents and coil embolization of the external carotid artery. A literature review dealing with all cases of post‐CEA PAs since 2000 treated by endovascular means is also reported. The research was conducted on Pubmed database using keywords “carotid pseudoaneurysm after carotid endarterectomy,” “false aneurysm after carotid endarterectomy,” “postcarotid endarterectomy pseudoaneurysm,” and “carotid pseudoaneurysm.”
Transcatheter atrial septal defect closure late after completion of biventricular circulation in patients with pulmonary atresia intact ventricular septum or critical pulmonary stenosis
Authors: Yamda Hiromu , Muneuchi Jun , Sugitani Yuichiro , Ezaki Hiroki , Koga Hirotaka , Tanaka Atsushi , Watanabe Mamie
Published: March 2023

Objective

This study aimed to explore anatomical and hemodynamic features of atrial septal defect, which was treated by transcatheter device closure late after completion of biventricular circulation in patients with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum (PAIVS) or critical pulmonary stenosis (CPS).

Methods

We studied echocardiographic and cardiac catheterization data, including defect size, retroaortic rim length, single or multiple defects, the presence of malalignment atrial septum, tricuspid and pulmonary valve diameters, and cardiac chamber sizes, in patients with PAIVS/CPS who underwent transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect (TCASD), and compared to control subjects.

Results

A total of 173 patients with atrial septal defect, including 8 patients with PAIVS/CPS, underwent TCASD. Age and weight at TCASD were 17.3 ± 18.3 years and 36.6 ± 13.9 kg, respectively. There was no significant difference in defect size (13.7 ± 4.0 vs. 15.6 ± 5.2 mm, p = 0.317) and the retro‐aortic rim length (3.7 ± 4.3 vs. 3.6 ± 0.3.1 mm, p = 0.948) between the groups; however, multiple defects (50% vs. 5%, p < 0.001) and malalignment atrial septum (62% vs. 14%. p < 0.001) were significantly frequent in patients with PAIVS/CPS compared to control subjects. The ratio of pulmonary to systemic blood flow in patients with PAIVS/CPS was significantly lower than that in the control patients (1.2 ± 0.4 vs. 2.0 ± 0.7, p < 0.001); however, four out of eight patients with atrial septal defect associated with PAIVS/CPS had right‐to‐left shunt through a defect, who were evaluated by the balloon occlusion test before TCASD. The indexed right atrial and ventricular areas, the right ventricular systolic pressure, and mean pulmonary arterial pressure did not differ between the groups. After TCASD, the right ventricular end‐diastolic area remained unchanged in patients with PAIVS/CPS, whereas it significantly decreased in control subjects.

Conclusions

Atrial septal defect associated with PAIVS/CPS had more complex anatomy, which would be a risk for device closure. Hemodynamics should be individually evaluated to determine the indication for TCASD because PAIVS/CPS encompassed anatomical heterogeneity of the entire right heart.
Coil embolization of asymptomatic left gastric artery aneurysm: Case report and literature review
Authors: Jia Heyue , Xi Yifu , Yuan Pengfei , Guo Wei , Xiong Jiang
Published: March 2023

Patients with visceral artery aneurysms are rare, and the reported incidence of left gastric aneurysm (LGA) is only 4%. At present, although there is little knowledge about such disease, it is generally believed that appropriate treatment should be planned to prevent some dangerous aneurysms from rupturing. We introduced a case of 83‐year‐old patient with LGA who underwent endovascular aneurysm repair. The 6‐month follow‐up computed tomography angiography showed complete thrombosis in the aneurysm lumen. In addition, to insight the management strategy on LGAs deeply, a literature review concerning this entity published in recent 35 years was performed.