bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spotlight on the Transglutaminase 2-Heparan Sulfate Interaction
Authors: Furini Giulia , Verderio Elisabetta A.M.
Published: January 2019

Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), syndecan-4 (Sdc4) especially, have been suggested as potential partners of transglutaminase-2 (TG2) in kidney and cardiac fibrosis, metastatic cancer, neurodegeneration and coeliac disease. The proposed role for HSPGs in the trafficking of TG2 at the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix (ECM) has been linked to the fibrogenic action of TG2 in experimental models of kidney fibrosis. As the TG2-HSPG interaction is largely mediated by the heparan sulfate (HS) chains of proteoglycans, in the past few years a number of studies have investigated the affinity of TG2 for HS, and the TG2 heparin binding site has been mapped with alternative outlooks. In this review, we aim to provide a compendium of the main literature available on the interaction of TG2 with HS, with reference to the pathological processes in which extracellular TG2 plays a role.
Improving the Reliability of Mechanical Components That Have Failed in the Field Due to Repetitive Stress
Authors: Woo Seongwoo , O’Neal Dennis L.
Published: January 2019

To improve the reliability of mechanical parts that have failed in the field, a reliability methodology for parametric accelerated life testing (ALT) is proposed. It consists of: (1) a parametric ALT plan, (2) a load analysis, (3) a tailored series of parametric ALTs with action plans, and (4) an evaluation of the final designs to ensure the design requirements are satisfied. This parametric ALT should help an engineer reproduce the fractured or failed parts in a product subjectedto repetitive loading and correct the faulty designs. As a test case, the helix upper dispenser of a refrigerator ice-maker fractured in field was studied. Using a load analysis, we discerned that the helix upper dispenser fracture was due to repetitive loads and a faulty design with a 2 mm gap between the blade dispenser and the helix upper dispenser. During the first and second ALTs, the fracture in the helix upper dispenser was reproduced. The failure modes and mechanisms found were similar to those of the failed sample in field. As an action plan, the design of the helix upper dispenser was modified by eliminating the 2 mm gap and adding enforced ribs. In the third ALT there were no problems. After three rounds of parametric ALTs, the reliability of the helix upper dispenser was guaranteed as a 10-year life with an accumulated failure rate of 1%.
Silver Nanowires from Sonication-Induced Scission
Authors: Wang Yuehui , Yang Xing , Du Dexi
Published: January 2019

Silver nanowires (AgNWs) have great potential to be used in the flexible electronics industry for their applications in flexible, transparent conductors due to high conductivity and light reflectivity. Those applications always involve size which strongly affects the optical and electrical properties of AgNWs. AgNWs of mean diameter 70 nm and mean length 12.5 μm were achieved by the polyol solvothermal method. Sonication-induced scission was used to obtain the small size AgNWs. The relationship between the size of AgNWs and the ultrasonic time, ultrasonic power, and concentration of AgNWs were studied. The results show that the length of AgNWs gradually reduces with the increase of the ultrasonic time and ultrasonic power, and with the decrease of concentration of AgNWs. Meanwhile, there is an existence of a limiting length below which fragmentation of AgNWs no longer occurs. Further, the mechanics of sonication-induced scission for the fragmentation of AgNWs was discussed.
Deconstructing Wine Grape Cell Walls with Enzymes During Winemaking: New Insights from Glycan Microarray Technology
Authors: Gao Yu , Zietsman Anscha J. J. , Vivier Melané A. , Moore John P.
Published: January 2019

Enzyme-aid maceration is carried out in most modern winemaking industries with a range of positive impacts on wine production. However, inconsistencies in enzyme efficiency are an issue complicated by unclear targets (limited information available on berry cell wall architecture of different cultivars) and the complex wine environment (i.e., fermenting must). Recent studies have been performed to develop a clearer picture of grape cell wall structures, maceration effects, and interactions between important wine compounds and grape-derived polysaccharides. This review highlights critically important recent studies on grape berry cell wall changes during ripening, the importance of enzymes during maceration (skin contact phase) and deconstruction processes that occur during alcoholic fermentation. The novelty of the Comprehensive Microarray Polymer Profiling (CoMPP) technique using cell wall probes (e.g., antibodies) as a method for following cell wall derived polymers during different biological and biotechnological processes is discussed. Recent studies, using CoMPP together with classical analytical methods, confirmed the developmental pattern of berry cell wall changes (at the polymer level) during grape ripening. This innovative technique were also used to track enzyme-assisted depectination of grape skins during wine fermentation and determine how this influence the release of wine favourable compounds. Furthermore, polysaccharides (e.g., arabinogalactan proteins) present in the final wine could be identified. Overall, CoMPP provides a much more enriched series of datasets compared to traditional approaches. Novel insights and future studies investigating grape cell wall and polyphenol interactions, and the tailoring of enzyme cocktails for consistent, effective and “customized” winemaking is advanced and discussed.
Antiproliferative and Enzyme Docking Analysis of Engleromycin from Engleromyces goetzei
Authors: Zhang Yongli , Chen Guilin , Ma Hong , Guo Mingquan
Published: January 2019

Engleromyces goetzei P. Henn. (E. goetzei) has been widely used as a traditional herb for many years in Kenya due to its diverse biological effects. Although engleromycin was first isolated from E. goetzei in 1980, its pharmacological activity is still unknown. In this study, engleromycin from E. goetzei was identified by spectroscopic analyses, and subsequently examined for its antiproliferative activity using human cancer cell lines of SGC-7901, HT-29, HeLa and A549. As a result, it was revealed that engleromycin strongly inhibited the growth of SGC-7901, HT-29, HeLa and A549 cells with IC50 values at 26.77 ± 1.69 µM, 7.73 ± 0.18 µM, 7.00 ± 0.12 µM and 3.14 ± 0.03 µM, respectively. The results of topoisomerase II (Top II) inhibition assay in vitro implied that engleromycin might be a Top II inhibitor. Further insights into the potential mechanism of antiproliferative activity displayed that engleromycin could dock into the binding pockets of Top II, like the clinical inhibitor doxorubicin, and then inhibit the biological activity of Top II. Taken together, our findings suggest that engleromycin has an anticancer potential, and may serve as a leading compound for the development of antitumor agents.
Saponins from Quillaja saponaria and Quillaja brasiliensis: Particular Chemical Characteristics and Biological Activities
Authors: Fleck Juliane Deise , Betti Andresa Heemann , Da Silva Francini Pereira , Troian Eduardo Artur , Olivaro Cristina , Ferreira Fernando , Verza Simone Gasparin
Published: January 2019

Quillaja saponaria Molina represents the main source of saponins for industrial applications. Q. saponaria triterpenoids have been studied for more than four decades and their relevance is due to their biological activities, especially as a vaccine adjuvant and immunostimulant, which have led to important research in the field of vaccine development. These saponins, alone or incorporated into immunostimulating complexes (ISCOMs), are able to modulate immunity by increasing antigen uptake, stimulating cytotoxic T lymphocyte production (Th1) and cytokines (Th2) in response to different antigens. Furthermore, antiviral, antifungal, antibacterial, antiparasitic, and antitumor activities are also reported as important biological properties of Quillaja triterpenoids. Recently, other saponins from Q. brasiliensis (A. St.-Hill. & Tul.) Mart. were successfully tested and showed similar chemical and biological properties to those of Q. saponaria barks. The aim of this manuscript is to summarize the current advances in phytochemical and pharmacological knowledge of saponins from Quillaja plants, including the particular chemical characteristics of these triterpenoids. The potential applications of Quillaja saponins to stimulate further drug discovery research will be provided.
Click Chemistry as a Tool for Cell Engineering and Drug Delivery
Authors: Takayama Yukiya , Kusamori Kosuke , Nishikawa Makiya
Published: January 2019

Click chemistry has great potential for use in binding between nucleic acids, lipids, proteins, and other molecules, and has been used in many research fields because of its beneficial characteristics, including high yield, high specificity, and simplicity. The recent development of copper-free and less cytotoxic click chemistry reactions has allowed for the application of click chemistry to the field of medicine. Moreover, metabolic glycoengineering allows for the direct modification of living cells with substrates for click chemistry either in vitro or in vivo. As such, click chemistry has become a powerful tool for cell transplantation and drug delivery. In this review, we describe some applications of click chemistry for cell engineering in cell transplantation and for drug delivery in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
Graphene Surface Reinforcement of Iron
Authors: Wang Pengjie , Cao Qiang , Yan Yuping , Nie Yangtian , Liu Sheng , Peng Qing
Published: January 2019

Graphene is an ideal material in the reinforcement of metal-matrix composites owing to its outstanding mechanical and physical properties. Herein, we have investigated the surface enhancement of iron via a computational nanoindentation process using molecular dynamics simulations. The findings of our study show that graphene can enhance the critical yield strength, hardness and elastic modulus of the composite to different degrees with the change of the number of graphene layers. In the six tested models, the composite with trilayer graphene on the surface produces the strongest reinforcement, with an increased magnitude of 432.1% and 169.5% in the hardness and elastic modulus, respectively, compared with pure iron. Furthermore, it is revealed that high temperature could weaken the elastic bearing capacity of the graphene, resulting in a decrease on the elastic mechanical properties of the graphene/Fe composite.
Magnetofluorescent Nanocomposite Comprised of Carboxymethyl Dextran Coated Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and β-Diketon Coordinated Europium Complexes
Authors: Han Daewon , Han Seung-Yun , Lee Nam Seob , Shin Jongdae , Jeong Young Gil , Park Hwan-Woo , Kim Do Kyung
Published: January 2019

Red emitting europium (III) complexes Eu(TFAAN)3(P(Oct)3)3 (TFAAN = 2-(4,4,4-Trifluoroacetoacetyl)naphthalene, P(Oct)3 = trioctylphosphine) chelated on carboxymethyl dextran coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (CMD-SPIONs) was synthesized and the step wise synthetic process was reported. All the excitation spectra of distinctive photoluminesces were originated from f-f transition of EuIII with a strong red emission. The emission peaks are due to the hypersensitive transition 5D0→7F2 at 621 nm and 5D0→7F1 at 597 nm, 5D0→7F0 at 584 nm. No significant change in PL properties due to addition of CMD-SPIONs was observed. The cytotoxic effects of different concentrations and incubation times of Eu(TFAAN)3(P(Oct)3)3 chelated CMD-SPIONs were evaluated in HEK293T and HepG2 cells using the WST assay. The results imply that Eu(TFAAN)3(P(Oct)3)3 chelated CMD-SPIONs are not affecting the cell viability without altering the apoptosis and necrosis in the range of 10 to 240 μg/mL concentrations.
Partial Solvation Parameters of Drugs as a New Thermodynamic Tool for Pharmaceutics
Authors: Niederquell Andreas , Wyttenbach Nicole , Kuentz Martin , Panayiotou Costas
Published: January 2019

Partial solvation parameters (PSP) have much in common with the Hansen solubility parameter or with a linear solvation energy relationship (LSER), but there are advantages based on the sound thermodynamic basis. It is, therefore, surprising that PSP has so far not been harnessed in pharmaceutics for the selection of excipients or property estimation of formulations and their components. This work introduces PSP calculation for drugs, where the raw data were obtained from inverse gas chromatography. It was shown that only a few probe gases were needed to get reasonable estimates of the drug PSPs. Interestingly, an alternative calculation of LSER parameters in silico did not reflect the experimentally obtained activity coefficients for all probe gases as well, which was attributed to the complexity of the drug structures. The experimental PSPs were proven to be helpful in predicting drug solubility in various solvents and the PSP framework allowed calculation of the different surface energy contributions. A specific benefit of PSP is that parameters can be readily converted to either classical solubility or LSER parameters. Therefore, PSP is not just about a new definition of solvatochromic parameters, but the underlying thermodynamics provides a unified approach, which holds much promise for broad applications in pharmaceutics.
Micropatterning MoS2/Polyamide Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes Using Femtosecond Laser Pulses
Authors: Paula Kelly T. , Mercante Luiza A. , Schneider Rodrigo , Correa Daniel S. , Mendonca Cleber R.
Published: January 2019

The capability of modifying and patterning the surface of polymer and composite materials is of high significance for various biomedical and electronics applications. For example, the use of femtosecond (fs) laser ablation for micropatterning electrospun nanofiber scaffolds can be successfully employed to fabricate complex polymeric biomedical devices, including scaffolds. Here we investigated fs-laser ablation as a flexible and convenient method for micropatterning polyamide (PA6) electrospun nanofibers that were modified with molybdenum disulfide (MoS2). We studied the influence of the laser pulse energy and scanning speed on the topography of electrospun composite nanofibers, as well as the irradiated areas via scanning electron microscopy and spectroscopic techniques. The results showed that using the optimal fs-laser parameters, micropores were formed on the electrospun nanofibrous membranes with size scale control, while the nature of the nanofibers was preserved. MoS2-modified PA6 nanofibrous membranes showed good photoluminescence properties, even after fs-laser microstructuring. The results presented here demonstrated potential application in optoelectronic devices. In addition, the application of this technique has a great deal of potential in the biomedical field, such as in tissue engineering.
Towards an Understanding of the Molecular Basis of Nickel Hyperaccumulation in Plants
Authors: Van der Pas Llewelyn , Ingle Robert A.
Published: January 2019

Metal hyperaccumulation is a rare and fascinating phenomenon, whereby plants actively accumulate high concentrations of metal ions in their above-ground tissues. Enhanced uptake and root-to-shoot translocation of specific metal ions coupled with an increased capacity for detoxification and sequestration of these ions are thought to constitute the physiological basis of the hyperaccumulation phenotype. Nickel hyperaccumulators were the first to be discovered and are the most numerous, accounting for some seventy-five percent of all known hyperaccumulators. However, our understanding of the molecular basis of the physiological processes underpinning Ni hyperaccumulation has lagged behind that of Zn and Cd hyperaccumulation, in large part due to a lack of genomic resources for Ni hyperaccumulators. The advent of RNA-Seq technology, which allows both transcriptome assembly and profiling of global gene expression without the need for a reference genome, has offered a new route for the analysis of Ni hyperaccumulators, and several such studies have recently been reported. Here we review the current state of our understanding of the molecular basis of Ni hyperaccumulation in plants, with an emphasis on insights gained from recent RNA-Seq experiments, highlight commonalities and differences between Ni hyperaccumulators, and suggest potential future avenues of research in this field.
Self-Assembly of Temperature Sensitive Unilamellar Vesicles by a Blend of Block Copolymers in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Jang Jong Dae , Do Changwoo , Bang Joona , Han Young Soo , Kim Tae-Hwan
Published: January 2019

A self-assembled unilamellar vesicle, which can be used as a drug delivery system, was easily and simply fabricated using a blended system of Pluronic block copolymers. Controlling the hydrophilic mass fraction of block copolymers (by blending the block copolymer with a different hydrophilic mass fraction) and temperature (i.e., the hydrophobic interaction is controlled), a vesicular structure was formed. Small angle neutron scattering measurements showed that the vesicular structure had diameters of empty cores from 13.6 nm to 79.6 nm, and thicknesses of the bilayers from 2.2 nm to 8.7 nm when the hydrophobic interaction was changed. Therefore, considering that the temperature of the vesicle formation is controllable by the concentration of the blended block copolymers, it is possible for them to be applied in a wide range of potential applications, for example, as nanoreactors and nanovehicles.
Early Afterdepolarisations Induced by an Enhancement in the Calcium Current
Authors: Erhardt André H.
Published: January 2019

Excitable biological cells, such as cardiac muscle cells, can exhibit complex patterns of oscillations such as spiking and bursting. Moreover, it is well known that an enhancement in calcium currents may yield certain kind of cardiac arrhythmia, so-called early afterdepolarisations (EADs). The presence of EADs strongly correlates with the onset of dangerous cardiac arrhythmia. In this paper we study mathematically and numerically the dynamics of a cardiac muscle cell with respect to the calcium current by investigating a simplistic system of differential equations. For the study of this phenomena, we use bifurcation theory, numerical bifurcation analysis, geometric singular perturbation theory and computational methods to investigate a nonlinear multiple time scales system. It will turn out that EADs related to an enhanced calcium current are canard–induced and that we have to combine these theories to derive a better understanding of the dynamics behind EADs. Moreover, a suitable time scale separation argument determines the important and sensitive system parameters which are related to the occurrence of EADs.
Chemical Recycling of Used Printed Circuit Board Scraps: Recovery and Utilization of Organic Products
Authors: Shin Se-Ra , Mai Van Dung , Lee Dai-Soo
Published: January 2019

The disposal of end-of-life printed circuit boards (PCBs) comprising cross-linked brominated epoxy resins, glass fiber, and metals has attracted considerable attention from the environmental aspect. In this study, valuable resources, especially organic material, were recovered by the effective chemical recycling of PCBs. Pulverized PCB was depolymerized by glycolysis using polyethylene glycol (PEG 200) with a molecular weight of 200 g/mol under basic conditions. The cross-linked epoxy resins were effectively decomposed into a low-molecular species by glycolysis with PEG 200, followed by the effective separation of the metals and glass fibers from organic materials. The organic material was modified into recycled polyol with an appropriate viscosity and a hydroxyl value for rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) by the Mannich reaction and the addition polymerization of propylene oxide. RPUFs prepared using the recycled polyol exhibited superior thermal and mechanical properties as well as thermal insulation properties compared to conventional RPUFs, indicating that the recycled polyol obtained from the used PCBs can be valuable as RPUF raw materials for heat insulation.
On What a Religion Is Not
Authors: Bertini Daniele
Published: January 2019

Ordinary uses of the terms religion, religious belief, religious matters, and similar seem to give voice to a substantive understanding of what is a religion. Contrary to such uses, empirical research on religions casts more than one doubt on the soundness of a substantive approach. My paper moves from the empirical findings which question the substantive understanding of religious affairs, and explores how not to handle the notion of religion. Particularly, I mean to reject the mainstream received views on religion. At first, I will introduce blocks of empirical evidence in support of the proposition that religious diversity characterizes both the comparison among different traditions and any religious tradition from within. In the subsequent sections I will consider two strategies for characterizing religions. First, I will deal with the phenomenally inclusive view, which is an endeavor of construing religions in conformity with the evidence that religion and similar are ordinarily used in an equivocal manner. Second, I will then approach both strong substantive accounts of religion and the most flexible one I know (i.e., Schellenberg’s ultimism). I provide reasons which should incline to reject all of these.
The Big and the Great: A Reconstruction of Zhuangzi’s Philosophy on Transcendence
Authors: Jiang Limei
Published: January 2019

This essay attempts to demonstrate the logic of Zhuangzi in his different attitudes toward “debate on big and small” by bringing into discussion the two versions of translation in the English languages, which provide a new approach to analyze the difference in the controversial commentaries on Zhuangzi. This essay points out that the ideal of “free and easy wandering” is a type of positive pleasure. By means of rational thinking and imagination, one’s searching for the external values is turned into the internal pursuit for wisdom in the transformation of things. Zhuangzi’s theory of transcendence not only provides the subject with multi-perspectives, but also substitutes the self-identity with self-value. Through the interaction between self-awareness and self-reaction, the subject can be unified with the great Dao through purposive activities. However, Guo Xiang’s commentary cancels the necessity of self-cultivation and negates the purposefulness of the subject, which underestimates the value of Zhuangzi’s construction of transcendence.
Operational Use of Surfcam Online Streaming Images for Coastal Morphodynamic Studies
Authors: Andriolo Umberto , Sánchez-García Elena , Taborda Rui
Published: January 2019

Coastal video monitoring has been proven to be a valuable shore-based remote-sensing technique to study coastal processes, as it offers the possibility of high-frequency, continuous and autonomous observations of the coastal area. However, the installation of a video systems infrastructure requires economical and technical efforts, along with being often limited by logistical constraints. This study presents methodological approaches to exploit “surfcam” internet streamed images for quantitative scientific studies. Two different methodologies to collect the required ground control points (GCPs), both during fieldwork and using web tools freely available are presented, in order to establish a rigorous geometric connection between terrestrial and image spaces. The application of an image projector tool allowed the estimation of the unknown camera parameters necessary to georectify the online streamed images. Three photogrammetric procedures are shown, distinct both in the design of the computational steps and in number of GCPs available to solve the spatial resection system. Results showed the feasibility of the methodologies to generate accurate rectified planar images, with the best horizontal projection accuracy of 1.3 m compatible with that required for a quantitative analysis of coastal processes. The presented methodologies can turn “surfcam” infrastructures and any online streaming beach cam, into fully remote shore-based observational systems, fostering the use of these freely available images for the study of nearshore morphodynamics.
Enlargement of Gold Nanoparticles for Sensitive Immunochromatographic Diagnostics of Potato Brown Rot
Authors: Razo Shyatesa C. , Panferova Natalia A. , Panferov Vasily G. , Safenkova Irina V. , Drenova Natalia V. , Varitsev Yuri A. , Zherdev Anatoly V. , Pakina Elena N. , Dzantiev Boris B.
Published: January 2019

Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) is a convenient tool for rapid field-based control of various bacterial targets. However, for many applications, the detection limits obtained by LFIA are not sufficient. In this paper, we propose enlarging gold nanoparticles’ (GNPs) size to develop a sensitive lateral flow immunoassay to detect Ralstonia solanacearum. This bacterium is a quarantine organism that causes potato brown rot. We fabricated lateral flow test strips using gold nanoparticles (17.4 ± 1.0 nm) as a label and their conjugates with antibodies specific to R. solanacearum. We proposed a signal enhancement in the test strips’ test zone due to the tetrachloroauric (III) anion reduction on the GNP surface, and the increase in size of the gold nanoparticles on the test strips was approximately up to 100 nm, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. Overall, the gold enhancement approach decreased the detection limit of R. solanacearum by 33 times, to as low as 3 × 104 cells∙mL–1 in the potato tuber extract. The achieved detection limit allows the diagnosis of latent infection in potato tubers. The developed approach based on gold enhancement does not complicate analyses and requires only 3 min. The developed assay together with the sample preparation and gold enlargement requires 15 min. Thus, the developed approach is promising for the development of lateral flow test strips and their subsequent introduction into diagnostic practice.
The Marine Boundary Layer Height over the Western North Pacific Based on GPS Radio Occultation, Island Soundings, and Numerical Models
Authors: Chien Fang-Ching , Hong Jing-Shan , Kuo Ying-Hwa
Published: January 2019

This paper estimates marine boundary layer height (MBLH) over the western North Pacific (WNP) based on Global Positioning System Radio Occultation (GPS-RO) profiles from the Formosa Satellite Mission 3 (FORMOSAT-3)/Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) satellites, island soundings, and numerical models. The seasonally-averaged MBLHs computed from nine years (2007–2015) of GPS-RO data are inter-compared with those obtained from sounding observations at 15 island stations and from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Reanalysis (ERA-Interim) and National Centers for Environmental Prediction Global Forecast System (NCEP GFS) data over the WNP from 2012 to 2015. It is found that the MBLH using nine years of GPS-RO data is smoother and more consistent with that obtained from sounding observations than is the MBLH using four years of GPS-RO data in a previous study. In winter, higher MBLHs are found around the subtropical latitudes and over oceans east of Japan, which are approximately located within the paths of the North Equatorial Current and the Kuroshio Current. The MBLH is also significantly higher in winter than in summer over the WNP. The above MBLH pattern is generally similar to those obtained from the analysis data of the ERA-Interim and NCEP GFS, but the heights are about 200 m higher. The verification with soundings suggests that the ERA-Interim has a better MBLH estimation than the NCEP GFS. Thus, the MBLH distributions obtained from both the nine-year GPS-RO and the ERA-Interim data can represent well the climatological MBLH over the WNP, but the heights should be adjusted about 30 m lower for the former and ~200 m higher for the latter. A positive correlation between the MBLH and the instability of the lower atmosphere exists over large near-shore areas of the WNP, where cold air can move over warm oceans from the land in winter, resulting in an increase in lower-atmospheric instability and providing favorable conditions for convection to yield a higher MBLH. During summer, the lower-atmospheric instability becomes smaller and the MBLH is thus lower over near-shore oceans.
Predicting Emotion and Engagement of Workers in Order Picking Based on Behavior and Pulse Waves Acquired by Wearable Devices
Authors: Kajiwara Yusuke , Shimauchi Toshihiko , Kimura Haruhiko
Published: January 2019

Many logistics companies adopt a manual order picking system. In related research, the effect of emotion and engagement on work efficiency and human errors was verified. However, related research has not established a method to predict emotion and engagement during work with high exercise intensity. Therefore, important variables for predicting the emotion and engagement during work with high exercise intensity are not clear. In this study, to clarify the mechanism of occurrence of emotion and engagement during order picking. Then, we clarify the explanatory variables which are important in predicting the emotion and engagement during work with high exercise intensity. We conducted verification experiments. We compared the accuracy of estimating human emotion and engagement by inputting pulse wave, eye movements, and movements to deep neural networks. We showed that emotion and engagement during order picking can be predicted from the behavior of the worker with an accuracy of error rate of 0.12 or less. Moreover, we have constructed a psychological model based on the questionnaire results and show that the work efficiency of workers is improved by giving them clear targets.
Knee Angle Affects Posterior Chain Muscle Activation During an Isometric Test Used in Soccer Players
Authors: Read Paul James , Turner Anthony Nicholas , Clarke Richard , Applebee Samuel , Hughes Jonathan
Published: January 2019

Background: It has been suggested that altering the knee flexion angle during a commonly used supine isometric strength test developed with professional soccer players changes preferential hamstring muscle recruitment. The aim of this study was to examine the electromyography (EMG) knee joint-angle relationship during this test, as these data are currently unknown. Methods: Ten recreational male soccer athletes (age: 28 ± 2.4 years) were recruited and performed a supine isometric strength test on their dominant leg with the knee placed at two pre-selected flexion angles (30° and 90°). The surface EMG of the gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and medial gastrocnemius was measured, in addition to the within-session reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of variation (CV)). Results: Within-session reliability showed large variation dependent upon the test position and muscle measured (CV% = 8.8–36.1) Absolute mean EMG activity and percentage of maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) indicated different magnitudes of activation between the two test positions; however, significant mean differences were present for the biceps femoris only with greater activation recorded at the 30° knee angle (% MVIC: 31 ± 9 vs. 22 ± 7; p = 0.002). These differences (30% mean difference) were greater than the observed typical measurement error (CV% = 13.1–14.3 for the 90° and 30° test positions, respectively). Furthermore, the percentage MVIC showed a trend of heightened activation of all muscles with the knee positioned at 30°, but there was also more within-subject variation, and this was more pronounced for the gluteus maximus (CV% = 36.1 vs. 19.8) and medial gastrocnemius (CV% 31 vs. 22.6). Conclusions: These results indicate that biceps femoris and overall posterior chain muscle activation is increased with the knee positioned at 30° of flexion; however, the 90° angle displayed less variation in performance within individual participants, especially in the gluteus maximus and medial gastrocnemius. Thus, practitioners using this test to assess hamstring muscle strength should ensure appropriate familiarisation is afforded, and then may wish to prioritise the 30° knee position.
Strongly Intensive Observables in the Model with String Fusion
Authors: Vechernin Vladimir , Andronov Evgeny
Published: January 2019

We calculate the strongly intensive observables for multiplicities in two rapidity windows in the model with independent identical strings taking into account the charge sign of particles. We express the observables through the string pair correlation functions describing the correlations between the same and opposite sign particles produced in a string decay. We extract these charge-wise string two-particle correlation functions from the ALICE data on the forward-backward correlations and the balance function. Using them we predict the behavior of the charge-wise strongly intensive observables in the model with independent identical strings. We also show that the observable between multiplicities in two acceptance windows separated in rapidity, which is a strongly intensive in the case with independent identical strings, loses this property, when we take into account string fusion effects and a formation of strings of a few different types takes place in a collision. We predict the changes in the behaviour of this observable with energy and collision centrality, arising due to the string fusion phenomena.
KDELR2 Competes with Measles Virus Envelope Proteins for Cellular Chaperones Reducing Their Chaperone-Mediated Cell Surface Transport
Authors: Tiwarekar Vishakha , Fehrholz Markus , Schneider-Schaulies Jürgen
Published: January 2019

Recently, we found that the cytidine deaminase APOBEC3G (A3G) inhibits measles (MV) replication. Using a microarray, we identified differential regulation of several host genes upon ectopic expression of A3G. One of the up-regulated genes, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein retention receptor KDELR2, reduced MV replication ~5 fold when it was over-expressed individually in Vero and CEM-SS T cells. Silencing of KDELR2 in A3G-expressing Vero cells abrogated the antiviral activity induced by A3G, confirming its role as an A3G-regulated antiviral host factor. Recognition of the KDEL (Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu) motif by KDEL receptors initiates the retrograde transport of soluble proteins that have escaped the ER and play an important role in ER quality control. Although KDELR2 over-expression reduced MV titers in cell cultures, we observed no interaction between KDELR2 and the MV hemagglutinin (H) protein. Instead, KDELR2 retained chaperones in the ER, which are required for the correct folding and transport of the MV envelope glycoproteins H and fusion protein (F) to the cell surface. Our data indicate that KDELR2 competes with MV envelope proteins for binding to calnexin and GRP78/Bip, and that this interaction limits the availability of the chaperones for MV proteins, causing the reduction of virus spread and titers.
Assimilation of Synthetic SWOT River Depths in a Regional Hydrometeorological Model
Authors: Häfliger Vincent , Martin Eric , Boone Aaron , Ricci Sophie , Biancamaria Sylvain
Published: January 2019

The SWOT (Surface Water and Ocean Topography) mission, to be launched in 2021, will provide water surface elevations, slopes, and river width measurements for rivers wider than 100 m. In this study, synthetic SWOT data are assimilated in a regional hydrometeorological model in order to improve the dynamics of continental waters over the Garonne catchment, one of the major French catchments. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that the sequential assimilation of SWOT-like river depths allows the correction of river bed roughness coefficients and thus simulated river depths. An extended Kalman filter is implemented and the data assimilation strategy was applied to four experiments of gradually increasing complexity regarding observation and model error over the 1995–2000 period. With respect to a “true” river state, assimilating river depths allows the proper retrieval of constant and spatially distributed roughness coefficients with a root mean square error of 1 m1/3 s−1, and the estimation of associated river depths. It was also shown that river depth differences can be assimilated, resulting in a higher root mean square error for roughness coefficients with respect to the true river state. Finally, the last experiment shows how one can take into account more realistic sources of SWOT error measurements, in particular the importance of the estimation of the tropospheric water content in the process.
Flood Classification Based on a Fuzzy Clustering Iteration Model with Combined Weight and an Immune Grey Wolf Optimizer Algorithm
Authors: Zou Qiang , Liao Li , Ding Yi , Qin Hui
Published: January 2019

Flood classification is an important basis for flood forecasting, flood risk identification, flood real-time scheduling, and flood resource utilization. However, flood classification results may be not reasonable due to uncertainty, the fuzziness of evaluation indices, and the demerit of not comprehensively considering the index weight. In this paper, based on the fuzzy clustering iterative model, a sensitivity coefficient was applied to combine the subjective and objective weights into a combined weight, then the fuzzy clustering iterative model with combined weight (FCI-CW) was proposed for flood classification. Moreover, an immune grey wolf optimizer algorithm (IGWO) based on the standard grey wolf optimizer algorithm and an immune clone selection operator was proposed for the global search of the optimal fuzzy clustering center and the sensitivity coefficient of FCI-CW. Finally, simulation results at Nanjing station and Yichang station demonstrate that the proposed methodology, i.e., FCI-CW combined with IGWO, is reasonable and reliable, can effectively deal with flood classification problems with better fitness and a comprehensive consideration of the subjective and objective aspects, and has great application potential in sorting, evaluation, and decision-making problems without evaluation criteria.
From Birds to Boats: The Political Ecology of Cruise Tourism in Mingan Archipelago National Park Reserve in Quebec (canada)
Authors: Tardif Jonathan , Roth Robin
Published: January 2019

Driven by spectacular growth over the last decade, the international cruise industry is constantly looking for new destinations to appeal to a different breed of traveler, one that seeks comfort alongside wilderness adventure. Meanwhile, national parks, long held up as icons of wilderness
adventure, are increasingly governed through the logic of austerity politics and seek new revenue. These two distinct processes have started to provide increased opportunities for collaboration, introducing complex dynamics and power struggles at destinations and beyond. However, few studies
have addressed these issues so far. Drawing on the global political ecology of tourism and conservation literature, this article examines the various entanglements between Mingan Archipelago National Park Reserve in Canada and the cruise industry, and the implications they have for the destination
as a whole. To better understand the many challenges facing park authorities and their partners, we employed a slate of qualitative methods, including document analysis, participant observation, and 30 semistructured interviews with key stakeholders. Results show that although the expectations
of regional actors have not been met and the future of cruise tourism in Mingan is uncertain, park authorities continue to invest time and money to engage with the industry and adapt their facilities to this clientele. This raises questions about the real motives of park authorities and the
contribution of this form of tourism to the sustainable development of the region.
Overstating Cruise Passenger Spending: Sources of Error in Cruise Industry Studies of Economic Impact
Authors: Kayahan Burc , Vanblarcom Brian , Klein Ross A.
Published: January 2019

Countless studies present measures of cruise passenger spending and make claims about economic impact; however, with careful examination the source of the disparity between reported findings and actual passenger spending can be discerned. Drawing on data for Halifax, Nova Scotia the
study shows how cruise passenger spending is overstated by the cruise industry in part because of failure to use appropriate methods of probability sampling. This sampling bias impacts overall measures of passenger spending and economic impact. In addition, the research illustrates the importance
of considering market segments, weather conditions, and demographic characteristics as factors in analyzing cruise passenger spending.
Évaluation interactive du risque autistique en population générale à l’aide de la grille préaut
Authors: Crespin Graciela C.
Published: January 2019

Cet article présente, de manière résumée mais fidèle, la récente publication en anglais des résultats de l’étude préaut parus en décembre 2017 dans la revue pl o s one . Compte tenu de la nécessité de traiter précocement les troubles neurodéveloppementaux et en particulier les troubles du spectre autistique ( tsa ), un dépistage le plus précoce possible est nécessaire. Cependant, très peu d’outils de dépistage ont été testés prospectivement sur des bébés avant 12 mois. Les résultats de cette étude montrent que 50 % des nourrissons positifs à l’un des examens de dépistage ont ensuite reçu un diagnostic neurodéveloppemental. Les scores à la grille préaut , basée sur une évaluation interactive de l’engagement émotionnel, sont significativement associés aux items de risque de tsa moyen et élevé à la chat à 24 mois et les résultats de l’étude ont montré que l’utilisation répétée des instruments de dépistage améliore la détection très précoce des tsa et d’autres troubles neurodéveloppementaux. Le signe préaut avait déjà montré, en 2013, une excellente capacité à prédire l’évolution vers un tsa chez des bébés à haut risque (souffrant d’un syndrome de West) 3 .
Présentation de l’approche ludico-développementale Braintraining
Authors: Kaye Kelley
Published: January 2019

L’auteure présente ici la méthode Braintraining , élaborée par MacAlpine, à destination des enfants avec tsa . Définissant des stades de jeu à partir d’une vue néo-piagétienne, cette méthode propose de développer la fonction sémiotique de l’enfant en ayant pour objectif d’arriver à la fin de la période sensori-motrice. Enrichie de l’apport de la méthode Pragmaticism d’Arwood, la méthode Braintraining incorpore également des stratégies d’intégration sensorielle et de rééducation du système vestibulaire par le biais du jeu.
Élaboration du contre-transfert
Authors: Gabriel Élodie
Published: January 2019

Psychologue clinicienne en centre d’action médico-sociale précoce ( camsp ), l’auteur a ressenti des angoisses et une difficulté à être en empathie face à la mère d’un petit garçon polyhandicapé d’origine indienne annonçant sa grossesse, convaincue que du fait de la consanguinité du couple, l’enfant à venir avait de forts risques de naître handicapé. Après une brève présentation de la théorie de Devereux, l’auteur utilise une approche complémentariste, associant des éléments de génétique, d’anthropologie, de psychologie et de psychanalyse, afin de déconstruire des représentations personnelles et culturellement codées de l’étiologie de certains handicaps. Cela conduit à une meilleure empathie à l’égard des patients et donc à une alliance thérapeutique renforcée.
Le suivi d’une jeune fille autiste de la naissance à 19 ans
Authors: do Rego Monteiro de Abreu Maria Cristina
Published: January 2019

Cet article décrit l’évolution d’un enfant atteint d’autisme jusqu’à l’âge de 19 ans. Pour décrire la présence de signes précoces de la souffrance psychique, l’auteure a utilisé des films familiaux de Maria de la naissance à l’âge de 2 ans. Après le début du traitement psychothérapeutique, à 4 ans et 9 mois, l’auteur utilise des vidéos pour décrire les interactions de l’enfant dans les consultations et l’inclusion scolaire et sociale. La découverte de la capacité graphique de Maria associée à son intelligence spatiale lui a permis une interaction de plaisir avec la thérapeute, et par conséquence le travail thérapeutique et le développement de la patiente. Les toiles et les sculptures de Maria, illustrées dans l’article, ont permis leur communication et contribué à l’acquisition de la parole à 10 ans. Les images nous montrent l’évolution psychique de la patiente qui, à l’âge de 19 ans, a passé l’examen d’entrée à l’université.
The Basic Research Review Checklist
Authors: Rasmussen Lynn , O'Conner Mary , Shinkle Susann , Thomas Melissa K
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

The Basic Research Review (BRR) Checklist was designed to help clinical nurses with varying educational backgrounds critique research so they could use those applicable findings in practice. The BRR Checklist enables users to quickly critique reported qualitative and quantitative research studies. By using this tool, nurses can easily and objectively evaluate, discuss, and compare studies. This article discusses the development and use of the BRR Checklist as well as the objectives for its implementation.
Transforming Ethnocentricity in Nursing: A Culturally Relevant Experience of Reciprocal Visits Between Malta and the Midwest
Authors: Dean Patrick J
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Despite efforts by the nursing profession to enhance culture competence among nurses, some limitations in understanding the potential lack of culture competence in the patient remain. Nurses are often not aware of their own cultural bias from the patient's perspective (ethnocentricity) and fail to understand that many patients are trying to function in unfamiliar social and medical cultures simultaneously. This article reviews the experiences of student nurses from Malta and the Midwestern United States who were given the opportunity to explore their cultural biases by visiting the healthcare institutions of their respective countries.
International Collaboration on Genomics Education for Nurses
Authors: Pestka Elizabeth L , Williams Janet K
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

The International Society of Nurses in Genetics began in 1988 as a venue for nurses around the world to advance their knowledge and practice related to genomics. This article discusses how the organization has conducted an annual international nursing conference, promoted the incorporation of genomics topics into continuing education programs and professional nursing journals, assisted with the incorporation of genomics content into undergraduate and graduate nursing curricula, and defined genetics as a clinical nursing specialty. Genomics education is relevant to nursing practice in all specialty areas and significant to the future of health care.
Continuing Education for Nurses: A Necessity or a Nicety?
Authors: Levett-Jones Tracy L
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

The changing health care climate has resulted in escalating financial constraints. One department that is often scrutinized for its cost-benefit relation to the hospital is the nursing education department. These departments are increasingly being reduced in size and investment in the continuing education of nurses is being rationalized. However, reducing financial support of education may be counterproductive in both the short- and long-term. This article does not propose a "recipe" for effectively facilitating continuing education. However, it does provide sound justification for investing in the continuing education of nurses and demonstrates not only that quality education results in enhanced knowledge and skills, but that there is also a positive correlation between professional development and factors such as staff satisfaction, staff retention, and quality patient care.