bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quando o acesso é o menor dos problemas: o direito ao espaço escolar de qualidade
Authors: Esquinsani Rosimar Serena Siqueira
Published: August 2020

O texto parte da seguinte premissa: conquistar uma vaga na escola pública é parte do direito à educação, mas tal direito só estará completo se a vaga se fizer acompanhada por referenciais de qualidade, entre os quais, uma infraestrutura adequada.  Para problematizar a qualidade do espaço escolar, apresenta como pano de fundo, parte dos dados publicizados pela pesquisa da UNESCO (ALVES; XAVIER, 2019) sobre a infraestrutura das escolas.  Metodologicamente, trata-se de um texto analítico-reconstrutivo de base bibliográfica (revisão temática), cotejado por informações censitárias.  O texto coloca a questão da qualidade, na educação, como um tema político, que perpassa por espaços adequados, com o mínimo de infraestrutura, higiene e segurança. Conclui que a consecução de um direito não está descolada de condições contextuais e objetivas que garantam sua efetividade, para além de declarações e intenções.  Portanto, é preciso ir além da vaga: garantir a permanência, o sucesso escolar e um padrão mínimo (digno) de qualidade na escola.
Proof systems for Geometric theories (PROGEO)
Authors: Pimentel Elaine
Published: August 2020

We plan to study the problem of finding conservative extensions of first order logics. In this project we intend to establish a systematic procedure for adding geometric theories in both intuitionistic and classical logics, as well as to extend this procedure to bipolar axioms, a generalization of the set of geometric axioms. This way, we obtain proof systems for several mathematical theories, such as lattices, algebra and projective geometry, being able to reason about such theories using automated deduction.
Die Status-Denkschrift des Bundesverfassungsgerichts als informaler Beitrag zur Entstehung der Verfassungsordnung
Authors: Chatziathanasiou Konstantin
Published: August 2020

Der Aufsatz widmet sich der Status-Denkschrift des Bundesverfassungsgerichts und fragt nach ihrem Beitrag zur Entstehung der Verfassungsordnung. Mit der Denkschrift forderte das Gericht in der Frühphase der Bundesrepublik und inmitten heftiger politischer Konflikte selbstbewusst den Status eines Verfassungsorgans für sich ein. Der Aufsatz beleuchtet zunächst den Entstehungskontext der Denkschrift, in dem verfassungsrechtliche, verfassungstheoretische, verfassungspolitische, aber auch personelle Faktoren ineinander verschränkt sind. Anschließend würdigt er die Denkschrift aus rechtlicher sowie aus politischer Sicht vor dem Hintergrund verfassungsgerichtlicher Funktionsbedingungen. Dabei zeigt sich nicht nur exemplarisch die Bedeutung informalen Handelns für die Entwicklung der Verfassungsordnung, sondern auch allgemeiner deren historische Kontingenz.
Visuelle Biografiearbeit
Authors: Kramer Michaela
Published: August 2020

This study develops a media biographical perspective on adolescents’ use of smartphones for photography. It investigates smartphones’ relevance in biographical work as part of identity development and examines their use against the background of media biographical experiences, while also reflecting on biographicality and visual literacy as goals of media pedagogy. Using the documentary method, the author interprets interviews with and photographs of young people, while systematically incorporating the communication contexts of social media. This results in the typology of 'visual biographical work', which reveals milieu-specific forms of communication and biographical processes related to photography.
Calcium and Metabolic Bone Disorders
Authors: Oladunni Ale Ayotunde , Akande Oluwayomi , Da Rocha-Afodu David
Published: August 2020

Calcium homeostasis has a pivotal role in regulating many biological processes. The interplay of calcium-regulating hormones, including parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D, and calcitonin, is crucial in tightly maintaining serum calcium levels. Deregulation of calcium homeostasis has clinical implications resulting in hypercalcemia or hypocalcemia, which can lead to metabolic bone disease (MBD). MBD is a group of multifactorial bone diseases, caused by bone demineralization and characterized by an increased susceptibility to fracture risk. This chapter aims to provide an overview of associated risk factors and diagnostic, prevention, and recent treatment methods for MBD. The diagnosis of MBD is based on the assessment of clinical signs, radiological findings, quantitative ultrasonography, and biochemical evaluation of serum calcium, phosphate, PTH, alkaline phosphatase, and vitamin D. Current pharmacological treatments include antiresorptive and anabolic conventional therapies. Additionally, the efficacy of herbal extracts and nutritional supplements have been evaluated. Recent advances in the MBD management include drugs targeting calcium-sensing receptor and parathyroid hormone-related proteins, leading to the development of cathepsin K and Src tyrosine kinase inhibitors, calcilytics, and monoclonal antibodies against sclerostin or Dickkopf-1. Moreover, new nanomaterials have been used for improving the surgical treatment of vertebral fractures.
EBV Genome Mutations and Malignant Proliferations
Authors: Ranger-Rogez Sylvie
Published: August 2020

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a DNA virus with a relatively stable genome. Indeed, genomic variability is reported to be around 0.002%. However, some regions are more variable such as those carrying latency genes and specially EBNA1, -2, -LP, and LMP1. Tegument genes, particularly BNRF1, BPLF1, and BKRF3, are also quite mutated. For a long time, it has been considered for this ubiquitous virus, which infects a very large part of the population, that particular strains could be the cause of certain diseases. However, the mutations found, in some cases, are more geographically restricted rather than associated with proliferation. In other cases, they appear to be involved in oncogenesis. The objective of this chapter is to provide an update on changes in viral genome sequences in malignancies associated with EBV. We focused on describing the structure and function of the proteins corresponding to the genes mentioned above in order to understand how certain mutations of these proteins could increase the tumorigenic character of this virus. Mutations described in the literature for these proteins were identified by reporting viral and/or cellular functional changes as they were described.
Low Dimensional Nanostructures: Measurement and Remediation Technologies Applied to Trace Heavy Metals in Water
Authors: Luisa García-Betancourt María , I. Ramírez Jiménez Sandra , González-Hodges Apsahara , E. Nuñez Salazar Zandra , Leilani Escalante-García Ismailia , Ramírez Aparicio Jeannete
Published: August 2020

A nanostructure is a system in which at least one external dimension is in the nanoscale, it means a length range smaller than 100 nm. Nanostructures can be natural or synthetic and determine the physicochemical properties of bulk materials. Due to their high surface area and surface reactivity, they can be an efficient alternative to remove contaminants from the environment, including heavy metals from water. Heavy metals like mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), lead (Pb), and chromium (Cr) are highly poisonous and hazardous to human health due to their non-biodegradability and highly toxic properties, even at trace levels. Thus, efficient, low-cost, and environmentally friendly methodologies of removal are needed. These needs for removal require fast detection, quantification, and remediation to have heavy metal-free water. Nanostructures emerged as a powerful tool capable to detect, quantify, and remove these contaminants. This book chapter summarizes some examples of nanostructures that have been used on the detection, quantification, and remediation of heavy metals in water.
Energy-saving behaviours in workplaces: Application of an extended model of the theory of planned behaviour
Authors: Canova Luigina , Manganelli Anna Maria
Published: August 2020

Individual energy-saving behaviours are crucial for reducing energy consumption, and research on the determinants of these behaviours has been increasing over the last decade. The aim of this study is to explore the determinants of two specific behaviours: ‘switching off non-essential lights’ and ‘completely switching off electronic devices’. An extended model of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) has been used as the theoretical research framework. The extension was implemented by considering two components (affective and cognitive) of the attitude towards these behaviours and then adding habit as a new variable. A two-waves study was conducted in which a convenience sample of Italian workers completed a questionnaire measuring the TPB constructs in relation to the two energy-saving behaviours (Time 1). The participants then completed another questionnaire a month later to assess self-reports of these behaviours (Time 2). The inclusion of habit improved the predictive power of the TPB, and the extended model was found to explain 65.5% and 76.1% of the variance in intentions and 16.2% and 22.9% of the variance in behaviours. Cognitive attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control, and habit were significantly related to intentions, and perceived behavioural control was the strongest predictor. Habit moderated some relationships between the TPB constructs and intentions. Behaviours were associated directly only with intentions. The results of this study support the efficacy of the TPB model in predicting target behaviours; they also suggest some strategies that can be followed to promote these energy-saving behaviours.
Investigation of the effects of violence experience during political demonstrations
Authors: Kırseven Mübeccel Yeniada , Işıklı Sedat
Published: August 2020

In this study, predictors of post-traumatic stress symptom levels (PTSSL) and post-traumatic growth levels (PTGL) resulting from the experience of violence were investigated. The sample of the study consisted of 514 Gezi Park demonstrators. Participants completed measures assessing stress symptoms, post-traumatic growth, social support and beliefs about the world as well as the open-ended event specific questions. Results showed that being politically active, psychologically prepared and experiencing mild levels of violence were related with decreased PTSSL individually but not in combination as the literature suggested. The two hierarchical regression analyses showed that: (1) PTSSL were predicted by violence exposure levels, perceived social support from significant others and “randomness” and “self-worth” beliefs about the world; (2) PTGL were predicted by violence exposure levels, total amount of time spent at the demonstrations and “benevolence” and “justice” beliefs about the world. These findings suggest that psychological preparedness might be an important variable in violence experience regarding human masses. Also, violence exposure levels and duration of participation seems to be important event- specific variables. Lastly, political activism needs to be more precisely operationalized and measured in future studies.
1500 V DC Beslemeli Raylı Sistemlerde Gerilim Harmoniği Probleminin AGT Tabanlı Paralel Aktif Güç Fitresi ile Çözümü
Authors: AKÇAY Mehmet Taciddin , KOCAARSLAN İlhan
Published: August 2020

Enerji kalitesi elektrik güç sistemlerine bağlı ekipmanların verimi ve
performansı için gerekmektedir. Enerji kalitesinin ana hedefi yüke ulaşan
gerilim ve akım sinyalinin en iyi derecede sinusoidal dalga şekline sahip
olmasıdır. Sistemde nonlineer devre elemanlarının varlığı harmoniklerin
üretilmesine neden olmaktadır. Harmonikler enerji kalitesini olumsuz
etkileyerek sistem performansını düşürmektedir. DC beslemeli raylı sistemler
nonlineer elemanlardan oluştuğu için sistemde harmonikler oluşmaktadır. Bu
çalışmada 1500 V DC Beslemeli Raylı Sistemlerde Gerilim Harmoniği Probleminin
AGT (Anlık Güç Teorisi) Tabanlı Paralel Aktif Güç Fitresi ile Çözümü
yapılmıştır. AGT ile zamanda oluşabilecek gecikmelerin önüne geçilebilmesi
hedeflenmiştir. Aktif filtre ile klasik filtreleme yöntemleri karşılaştırılarak
sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Sistem analiz edilerek elde edilen sonuçlar grafikler
üzerinden verilmiştir. Devre filtreli ve filtresiz olarak çalıştırılarak elde
edilen sonuçlar karşılaştırmalı olarak verilmiştir. Her iki duruma ait gerilim
THD (Toplam harmonik distorsiyon) değeri hesaplanarak elde edilen iyileştirme
ortaya konulmuştur.
Yazılım Projelerinde Fazla Mesainin Proje Ekibi ve Projenin Yönetimine Etkisi
Authors: PINAR Merve , BÜYÜKTANIR Büşra , EMANET Şura , DOĞAN Buket
Published: August 2020

Yazılım projelerinde, çalışma takvimine göre projenin belirlenen sürede yetişmeme durumu ortaya çıkabilir. Böyle durumlarda fazla mesai yapılması çözüm olarak görülmektedir. Fakat çalışma saatlerinin artmasının proje sonucuna etkisi belirsizdir. Bu çalışmada fazla mesainin, çalışanlar ve proje üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi için çalışanların fazla mesai ile çalışma saatlerinin arttırılması konusundaki düşüncelerini almak amacıyla, çevrimiçi katılım sağlanarak cevaplanacak şekilde anket hazırlanmıştır. 2019 Kasım ayı boyunca, çevrimiçi ortamda aktif olan ve 34 sorudan oluşan ankete, yazılım projelerinde görev alan 180 kişi katılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, fazla mesaiden dolayı çalışanların dinlenemedikleri, fiziksel sağlık sorunlarının ortaya çıktığı ve sosyal yaşamlarının olumsuz etkilendiği ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca art arda yapılan fazla mesailerin, çalışanların mesai saatleri içerisindeki üretkenliğini de olumsuz etkilediği belirlenmiştir.
İnsansız Hava Aracı ile Atmosferik Parçacık Örnekleme Sisteminin Dizaynı ve Yapımı
Authors: AKKOYUNLU Bülent Oktay , ORUC Ilker , ALPMAN Emre , DOĞAN Barış , BALTACI Hakkı
Published: August 2020

Atmosferik parçacıkların yerel, bölgesel ve küresel kaynaklarını belirlenmesini amaçlayan Pozitif Matriks Faktör Analizi, Potansiyel Kaynak Katkı Fonksiyonu, Kimyasal Kütle Dengesi gibi çeşitli nümerik modellerde kullanılan veriler, toplanan aerosol örneklerinden elde edilmektedir. Bu modellerin girdi kaynakları, bir bölgede toplanan parçacıkların analiz sonuçlarından elde edilen verilerdir. Atmosferik parçacıkların toplanması, genel olarak yer seviyesinde kurulan parçacık örnekleme sistemleri yoluyla gerçekleştirilmektedir. Yer seviyesinde örneklenen parçacıklar üzerinde yerel kaynakların katkısı, sınır ötesi uzun erimli yörüngeye sahip parçacıkların kaynaklarını belirleyen model çıktılarının sağlıklı değerlendirilmesini sınırlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, zemin seviyesinden farklı yüksekliklerde yüksek taşınım verimliliğine sahip bir örnekleme sisteminin tasarlanması amaçlanmıştır.
ASA Algorithm Combined with Current Simulation Method (CSM) for the Magnetic Induction under HV Power Lines in 3D Analysis Model
Authors: Djekidel R. , Bessedik S.-A.
Published: August 2020

In this paper, a new hybrid approach to modeling the magnetic induction produced by HV overhead power line which combines the current simulation method (CSM) and adaptive simulated annealing algorithm (ASA) is discussed. The aim of the ASA algorithm is to find the optimal position and number of current loops used in bundles conductors for an accurate magnetic induction. Several parameters affecting the magnetic induction have been studied; it is observed that, taking into account the effect of conductor sag is much more interesting particularly at the mid-span length where the magnetic induction becomes very significant, the results also indicated that the maximum magnetic induction levels are less than the limits recommended by the ICNIRP standard for general public and occupational exposure. The calculated results are compared with those obtained from the COMSOL 4.3a Multiphysics software. A good agreement has been reached.
A Compact Wideband Dielectric Loaded H-plane Sectoral Ridged SIW Horn Antenna
Authors: Reshadatmand M. , Hassani H. R. , Mohammad Ali Nezhad S.
Published: August 2020

In this paper a compact and wideband ridged substrate integrated waveguide (RSIW) horn antenna is proposed. Unlike the previous works, the ridge structure in the proposed antenna is tapered only along the width allowing the antenna to be designed on just two-layer dielectric substrate. The tapered ridge is created by simple, different diameter size vias just in one layer. The antenna designed has dimension of 14 × 33 × 3 mm3 (1.4λo × 3.3λo × 0.3λo, where λo is the free space wavelength at 30 GHz) and a has a bandwidth of 41.32% covering 24 - 36.5 GHz with the reflection coefficient, S11, under -10 dB. The antenna is simulated through two software packages CST and HFSS and results are compared.
Double lives: transfer of fungal endophytes from leaves to woody substrates
Authors: Nelson Aaron , Vandegrift Roo , Carroll George C. , Roy Bitty A.
Published: August 2020

Fungal endophytes are a ubiquitous feature of plants, yet for many fungi the benefits of endophytism are still unknown. The Foraging Ascomycete (FA) hypothesis proposes that saprotrophic fungi can utilize leaves both as dispersal vehicles and as resource havens during times of scarcity. The presence of saprotrophs in leaf endophyte communities has been previously observed but their ability to transfer to non-foliar saprobic substrates has not been well investigated. To assess this ability, we conducted a culture study by placing surface-sterilized leaves from a single tropical angiosperm tree (Nectandra lineatifolia) directly onto sterile wood fragments and incubating them for 6 weeks. Fungi from the wood were subsequently isolated in culture and identified to the genus level by ITS sequences or morphology. Four-hundred and seventy-seven fungal isolates comprising 24 taxa were cultured from the wood. Of these, 70.8% of taxa (82.3% of isolates) belong to saprotrophic genera according to the FUNGuild database. Furthermore, 27% of OTUs (6% of isolates) were basidiomycetes, an unusually high proportion compared to typical endophyte communities.Xylaria flabelliformis, although absent in our original isolations, formed anamorphic fruiting structures on the woody substrates. We introduce the termviaphyte(literally, “by way of plant”) to refer to fungi that undergo an interim stage as leaf endophytes and, after leaf senescence, colonize other woody substrates via hyphal growth. Our results support the FA hypothesis and suggest that viaphytism may play a significant role in fungal dispersal.
The effect of an image of watchful eyes on the evaluation of the appearance of food
Authors: Shibuya Kenichi , Miyamoto Mana , Santa Risa , Homma Chihiro , Hosono Sumire , Sato Naoto
Published: August 2020

It is known that an eye-like image promotes generosity. It is also known that the evaluation of the visual deliciousness of food is improved in the presence of an emotionally positive stimulus. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether the presence of open eyes (OPEN) causes generous behavior altering the evaluation of the visual deliciousness of food, and how the images of open and closed eyes (CLOSED) affect human emotions. Seventeen women participated in the present study. A picture of food was presented on a computer screen, and the participants predicted and evaluated its visual deliciousness. An image of OPEN or that of CLOSED was presented simultaneously with a picture of food. There was a significant difference between the OPEN and CLOSED conditions, as demonstrated by the scores on a nine-point Likert scale for visual deliciousness; the ratings in the OPEN condition were significantly higher than those in the CLOSED condition (p = 0.004). There was no significant difference in the image of watchful eyes for the perceived relaxation state; the ratings in the OPEN condition were not significantly higher than those in the CLOSED condition (p = 0.716). The results of the present study revealed that the evaluation of the visual deliciousness of food based on its appearance was likely due to the presence of an image of open watchful eyes, increasing the perceived visual deliciousness of the food without any changes in the participants’ emotions.
Isolation, Detection and Molecular Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus from Postoperative Infections
Authors: Jibu Ritya Mary , Geetha R. V. , Lakshmi T.
Published: August 2020

Post operative infections that occur after surgical procedures can cause a lot of complications like sepsis, organ failure or even death. These are the third most commonly reported healthcare associated infection. The most common cause of wound infection regardless of procedure performed remains gram-positive cocci which comprise more than 50% of all infections. Specifically, Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci are the most frequent organisms isolated from a wound infection. There has been an increasing incidence of MRSA strains reported in hospitals across the globe. The main aim of our study is isolation, detection and molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus from postoperative infections.  Samples were collected from post operative patients with infected wounds. The area around the wound was cleaned. Exudates were collected from the wound with a sterile swab stick. The samples were inoculated on different solid culture mediums and the plates were incubated in the presence of oxygen at 37°C overnight. There were many standard procedures done in which tube coagulase was taken as the main criteria. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by Kirby Bauer method following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines using commercially available cefoxitin (30 μg) disc (HiMedia) and the results were compared with Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and MRSA ATCC 43300 control strains. The MRSA strains were identified and detection of Mec A gene that codes for methicillin resistance is done using PCR technique.
Comparative Study on the Effectiveness of Aerobic and Resistance Exercise among South Indian Population
Authors: Hiranya S. , Priya A. Jothi , Devi Gayatri
Published: August 2020

These days people are more about how they look and are giving lots of importance to fitness. Aerobic exercise improves cardiovascular adaptations that increases the peak of oxygen consumption and increases the strength. This is more preferred than resistance exercise as it can be done at home. This study was a prospective observational study. The pros were easy to create. It has gathered large data, it is economical and it has quick interpretation. The cons were the homogeneous population and its survey fatigue. To minimize the sampling bias we have to minimize error in questions and avoid loading questions.  This study contains 15 self-structured questionnaires which validated the study design, general population, methodology and its survey questionnaire are the internal validity. From the data analysis, the results showed that  95% feel it is good to do aerobics everyday and 5% feel it is not good to do aerobics everyday. 85% prefer walking is a good exercise and 15% prefer walking is not a good exercise. 85% feel aerobics tones our body, 15% feel aerobics does not tone our body. The aim of my study is to compare the effectiveness of aerobic and resistance exercise among the South Indian population.
Assessment of Salivary Changes in Patients on Poly-pharmacy Medications: A Pilot Study
Authors: Abhinaya L. M. , Arvind Muthukrishnan
Published: August 2020

Saliva is a biological fluid with multifactorial functional applications with regards to the maintenance of general health. Collection of saliva is non-invasive, easy and cost-effective. Xerostomia, a subjective sensation of dry mouth is one of the most common complaints in elderly and patients on polypharmacy as it is proven as a risk factor. Polypharmacy is the simultaneous use of multiple drugs by a patient for more than one systemic disease. The aim of the study was to assess the salivary changes in patients on polypharmacy. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from 20 individuals who reported to the Department of Special Care Dentistry at Saveetha Dental College between November to December 2019. The collected samples were then processed for analysis of three salivary parameters-Salivary glucose, amylase and pH. The data were recorded and statistically analyzed. Out of the 20 samples,12 male (60%) and 8 female(40%) with mean age group as 41.2 years. Independent t test showed statistically significant (p<0.05) values for salivary parameters in patients on polypharmacy medication. This study has shown a significant increase in salivary parameters and further studies relating the salivary changes, systemic disease and the medication involved salivary analysis can be suggested as one of the investigations in patients on polypharmacy.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Platelet Rich Plasma Injection in Chronic Lateral Epicondylitis
Authors: Vivek K.
Published: August 2020

Background: Platelet-rich plasma helps in repair because of its growth factor. Platelet-rich plasma has been used in humans for its healing properties. Increased concentration of growth factors and secretory proteins may increase the process of healing on a cellular level.

Aim: This study was done to check the effectiveness of PRP injections in patients with chronic lateral epicondylitis.

Methodology: This was accomplished in patients visiting the orthopaedic OPD at the Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu. There were 40 physicians in this study, among whom 37 were homosexual and 87 were female. The mean age of the patients was 48.1 years (17-82 years). The study period was 3 months. The analytical method used is a visual analog score.

Results: Effective therapy was performed with a decline of more than 20% (24 out of 40 patients) in visual analog score after a dual-month period. After 3 months in boys, the mean VAS score dropped from 6.88 to 9.41.

Conclusion: Medication of PRP patients with chronic epicondylitis or PRP tennis elbow reduces pain and increases the flexibility of the affected knee joint.
Awareness on the Management of Bleeding Disorders among Dental Students
Authors: Mariona Preethi , Prabu M. Dinesh
Published: August 2020

Continuous bleeding in the surgical site can be associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality across all surgical areas. To avoid complications related to excessive bleeding, numerous products have been developed to achieve hemostasis. It is of utmost importance to know the use of each and every product and effective method on how to manage excessive bleeding. The study aims at assessing the awareness on management of bleeding disorders. An awareness based survey was conducted in January 2020 among dental students (Third years, Final years, Interns). The questionnaire consisted of 10 awareness based questions and were equally distributed among Third years, Final years, Interns. The total sample size was 150 dental students. The data collected was entered in an Excel sheet and subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 20. From the results obtained it was seen that 33.33% of third years, 30% of final years and 22.67% of interns had never come across a patient with bleeding disorders. 33.33% of interns, 31.33% of final years, 28.67% of third years said that they collect a detailed history on the past medical problems of the patients. 33.33% of interns, 30.67% of final years, 20.67% of third years were aware of the possible bleeding disorders that might occur in a patient. 33.33% of interns and final years and only 4% of third years knew about hemostatic therapies. 30% of interns, 28% of final years and 16.67% of third years were aware of prophylactic transfusion of FFP.  Chi square test shows p<0.05, significant. Thus it was seen that Interns had a good awareness on management of bleeding disorders when compared to the final and third years.
Knowledge and Awareness about the Relation between Obesity and Academic Performance
Authors: Sushma B. , Devi R. Gayatri , Priya A. Jothi
Published: August 2020

Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have an adverse effect on health. It may even affect mental health also. Obesity also plays a role in academics; it may be disadvantageous to some of the students. Previous studies have found that obesity could influence academic performance. So this study concerned preparing questions and circulating among the students (school and college). The aim of this study is to determine the awareness level of association between obesity and academic performance. The purpose of the study was clearly explained to the students. A total of 100 responses were received. All the responses were taken into consideration and the statistical analysis paired t test was made using SPSS software for the representation of pie charts and bar graphs (association graphs). According to the results, 67% students answered that the rough weight of the topper of their class would be 45-65 kgs, 25% of them said that it would be 65-80 kgs and the rest 8% said that it would be 80-90 kgs. 37% of students responded that obesity is disadvantageous towards academics, another 63% disagree with it. Most of the students of this survey responded that obesity does not cause any adverse effects on academics. But the care should be taken by the obese students towards their health and academics.
Awareness on Topical Corticosteroids among Dental Students
Authors: Muthukumar Aarthi , Ganapathy Dhanraj
Published: August 2020

Topical corticosteroids play a major role in the treatment of many dermatologic conditions. They are FDA-approved and indicated for the use of inflammatory and pruritic presentations of dermatologic conditions. The well-known indications are for diseases such as psoriasis, limited areas of vitiligo, eczema, atopic dermatitis, phimosis, acute radiation dermatitis, lichen planus, lichen simplex chronicus, discoid lupus erythematosus, and lichen sclerosus. They are effective for conditions involving hyper-proliferation, immunological, and inflammatory properties. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and awareness of topical corticosteroids among the dental students. The present study was an online-based survey conducted among dental students. Questionnaires were prepared and distributed among dental students through an online portal system called google forms. About 84% of dental students were aware of topical corticosteroids. From the results of the survey, it is clear that most of the dental students were well aware of topical corticosteroids and also had proper knowledge and its complications.
Knowledge, Attitude and Awareness towards Benefits of Lavender Oil
Authors: Preethi G. , Devi R. Gayatri , Priya A. Jothi
Published: August 2020

Lavender essential oil is one of the famous essential oils which is used in aromatherapy. Lavender oil is known to relieve psychological problems and also helps in treating fungal infections, allergies, insomnia, etc. Lavender oil possesses certain properties like antibacterial, antifungal and antidepressant. Lavender oil is found to be useful in the treatment of acute as well as chronic pain. Thus the aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and awareness about the benefits of the lavender oil among people. A questionnaire comprising 10 questions was posted on an online survey platform. The data collection was done through Google forms and the statistical software used for the analysis included the SPSS software. Descriptive analysis was used. In this study, 69% of the people were aware that lavender oil helps in reducing anxiety and 78% of them believed that lavender oil is good for skin. From this survey, it is evident that the majority of them were aware about uses and medicinal benefits of lavender oil. The present study assessed the knowledge and awareness about the benefits of lavender oil among people, by using a survey on one hundred persons. This survey may help the people to use lavender oil in day to day life and thereby they can improve their mental health and relax themselves.
Awareness of Nanomedicine among Undergraduate Dental Students
Authors: Deeksheetha P. , Pandurangan Kiran Kumar , Velayudhan Ashok , Ganapathy Dhanraj
Published: August 2020

The term Nanotechnology involves a spectrum of technologies, techniques and processes that can deal with a matter at the nanoscale falling in between 1 nanometre to 100 nanometres in size. The concept of nanotechnology was introduced in 1959 by Richard P Feynman, a Nobel winning physicist. The aim of this research is to assess the knowledge and awareness of nanomedicine and its application in the field of dentistry among dental students. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 dental undergraduate internship students. The questionnaire contained 10 open-ended questions eliciting the knowledge and awareness about nanomedicine and its application in dentistry. The questionnaire was distributed via an online survey tool. The responses were collected and tabulated in the excel sheets, following which they were exported to SPSS software for statistical analysis. 52% of the students were aware of the term nanomedicine. 33% and 16% of the students had awareness of the nano modified impression material and nano modified denture teeth respectively. This study concluded that the knowledge and awareness of nanomedicine and its application in the field of dentistry was moderate among dental students.
Awareness among the Public and Pharmacists on Storage Media for Avulsed Tooth and the Availability of the Same in Pharmacies of a Metropolitan City in India - A Survey
Authors: Baskar Keerthana , Mani Geo
Published: August 2020

It's always important to save and preserve the natural tooth rather than fix a replacement for it. The aim of the study was to assess the awareness of transport media for avulsed teeth among public and pharmacists, and the availability of the same in pharmacies in a metropolitan city in India. Two separate structured questionnaires consisting of demographic details, and questions to assess the knowledge and attitude of the general public and the pharmacies were distributed. From the study it was elicited that the awareness among the general public as well as the pharmacists regarding transport media for avulsed teeth is inadequate. In most of the pharmacies the transport media for avulsed teeth was not available and the awareness among the pharmacists regarding the same was found to be inadequate.Within the limits of the study, it was found that inadequate availability and lack of awareness regarding transport media for avulsed teeth was noticed.
Awareness on the Use of Steroidal Drugs among Basketball Players in School
Authors: Rajkumar Kaushik Vishnu , Ganapathy Dhanraj , Sasanka Keerthi
Published: August 2020

Background: The use of performance enhancing drugs by pre-teenagers and teenagers has increased tremendously over the past decade. The trend is driven by multiple factors, including the decrease in the age of participation in competing sports, the increase in popularity of team sports. The questions were distributed through an online survey planet link to the study professionals including 69 basketball professionals. The participants were explained in detail about the purpose. The questions were carefully studied and the corresponding answers were marked by the participants the data was collected and statistically analysed. From the current study, about 83.3% of the population were aware of the use of steroidal drugs in basketball and 16.7% were not aware of it. Majority of the population are aware of the use of steroidal drugs in sports and they are aware of the harmful effects of it.
Shear Performance Evaluation of New Permanent Formed Galvanized Steel Beams
Authors: Kim Jinseok , Choi Younghan , Kim Sangmo , Kim Sangseup
Published: August 2020

In this study, a new type of permanent formed galvanized steel beams fabricated from thin steel plates was developed for improving constructability in reinforced concrete construction sites. The proposed beam employs a set of ribs a set of ribs attached to the side for shear reinforcement; thus the need for installing stirrups at the construction site is avoided. Herein, tests were conducted on ten specimens, and the shear tests result indicated that the ribs fabricated from steel plates increased the shear strength to a value greater than that achieved via conventional reinforced concrete stirrups. However, the shear performance of the rib was affected by the strength of the rib joint. Therefore, if the rib notch is reduced and the quality management of the rib welding is thoroughly controlled, the ribs of the proposed beam have the potential to replace the rebar stirrup.
A Study on the Impact of Damage Caused by an Explosion Accident at a Downtown Gas Station: Focusing on Radiant Heat
Authors: Hwang Woonyong
Published: August 2020

A common accident that can occur at a gas station is a gas explosion. Assuming that a boiling liquid expanded vapor explosion (BLEVE) occurred at a gas station, a total of 117 scenarios were considered at ambient temperatures of -5.9, 20, and 34.8 °C; relative humidities of 58%, 69%, and 84%; and fill rates of 30 to 90% by changing the storage tank volume by 5%. The scenario was compared and analyzed using the ALOHA BLEVE-Fireball Model. The damage prediction involves the formation of a fire ball by BLEVE that emits radiant heat, which can affect the human body. Human damages were classified as second degree burn, pain, and no pain. The damage evaluation confirmed that pain could be felt over a 987 m radius in the worst conditions. In addition, the second-degree burn and pain areas were significantly affected by the exposure time.
Relationship between Job Stress and Turnover Intention of Fire Protection System Management Workers
Authors: Lim Kyoung-Yeon , Kong Ha-Sung
Published: August 2020

This study focuses on job stress, which may be the cause of the high turnover rate of fire protection system management workers, to demonstrate the influence of job stress on turnover intention. This research was conducted to confirm this correlation and utilize the obtained data for continuous employment. In this study, 354 fire protection system management workers were surveyed and factor analysis, correlation analysis, one-way ANOVA, and regression analysis were conducted using SPSS WIN 25. The analysis results are as follows: first, job stress did not differ with respect to age, education level, or monthly salary among sociological background causes. However, there were significant differences in position, total career, certificate difference, and tasks. Second, as job stress increased, the turnover intention was positively affected. In particular, the analysis showed that increased stress on “Organizational Systems” and a “Lack of Reward” led to high turnover intention. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce a reasonable management system, provide smooth organizational support, establish a channel for rational communication, prepare measures to induce internal motivation, develop technology, support self-development, and apply reasonable monetary compensation standards and applications to minimize these rates.
Evaluation of Passive Soil Stiffness for the Development of Integral Abutments for Railways
Authors: Kim Dae Sang , Kim Ung Jin
Published: August 2020

An integral bridge, which is constructed without expansion joints and bearings, is an economical technology that permits slender abutment and footing design to decrease the associated maintenance and construction costs. In this study, a geosynthetic reinforced integral abutment (IA) for railways and a conventional reinforced concrete abutment (CA) are modeled, considering the two types of foundations, using the finite element method. The passive soil stiffness of the foundations was evaluated through the application of a uniform horizontal load in four separate models. The passive soil stiffness of the IA model is approximately 70% of that of the CA model. Additionally, we confirmed that the passive soil stiffness was affected by changes in the thickness of the abutment, size of the footing, number of installation piles, and elastic modulus of the ground.
Slope Stability Evaluation of Reservoir Considering Soil-water Characteristic Curve of the Reinforced Ground Including Alginic Acid Sodium Salt
Authors: Shin Jaeyong , Lee Sungsu , Jung Jongwon
Published: August 2020

Alginic acid sodium salt is a type of biopolymer. It is a polysaccharide obtained from the most widely distributed brown algae among marine plants. Its main characteristics are nontoxicity and biodegradability. It is also considered a natural eco-friendly material because it is completely decomposed by microorganisms using only water and carbon dioxide. Moreover, sodium alginate aqueous solution mixed with water has high viscosity; hence, it is expected to effectively saturate and reinforce the soil. The soil-water characteristic curve shows the properties of the capillary pressure according to the water content of the soil. In other words, this curve can predict the shear strength of the soil. In this study, soil-water characteristic curves of soil reinforced with sodium alginate were studied. The stability of the reservoir slope reinforced with sodium alginate was evaluated using the input values of the numerical analysis, and the change in the shear strength of the soil was calculated. The results show that the increased concentration of sodium alginate solution increased the capillary pressure and residual water content of the soil-water characteristic curve, which increased the stability of the reservoir slope. The shear strength of the soil increased as the concentration and capillary pressure of the sodium alginate solution increased.
Study of an Improvement Plan for the Efficient Operation of Korean CAIND
Authors: Chae Jong-Sik , Lee Si-Young
Published: August 2020

This study explored an improvement plan for the overall preventive activity of Korean Citizen Corps Active in Disaster (CAIND). To this end, it utilized the statistical yearbooks of the Korea Ministry of Public Administration, Security, and Fire Service, and the National Statistical Office, for a period of four years from 2015 to 2018, and drew out the practical problems through statistical analysis. Through the results, the study provided four major suggestions for improvement. First, the education and training system of Korean CAIND should be established to satisfy regional conditions. Second, the quota management system of Korean CAIND that considers the characteristics of rural areas should be supplemented. Third, the reward system for Korean CAIND activities should be improved. Fourth, management members' readership competency of operating organizations, including that of the Korean CAIND captain in charge, should be strengthened. The results of this study are expected to be utilized as basic data to develop Korean CAIND in the future.
A Study on the Facility Planning under Natural Disaster
Authors: Han Sumin , Jeong Hanil , Park Jinwoo
Published: August 2020

The frequency of and damage caused by natural disasters are continuously increasing due to climate change and urbanization. There is growing interest in countermeasures aimed to relieve the damage caused by such disasters. Emergency logistics for relief supplies is one of the most important countermeasures. This study examines the logistics of the facility planning algorithm. Facility planning focuses on storing and providing relief supplies, as well as accommodating the victims of natural disasters. Although a similar point is noted in general logistics problems, a significant difference is also pointed out that stability must be considered for supporting stable emergency logistics. Therefore, this study evaluates the risk of the route and candidate point by considering the vulnerable site at the disaster scene and suggests the facility planning algorithm based on the genetic algorithm. Finally, the performance of the suggested algorithm is verified by conducting a simulation experiment.
A novel function of Mycobacterium tuberculosis chaperonin paralog GroEL1 in copper homeostasis
Authors: Ansari Mohammed Yousuf , Batra Sakshi D. , Ojha Hina , Dhiman Kanika , Ganguly Ashish , Tyagi Jaya S. , Mande Shekhar C.
Published: August 2020

Among the two GroEL paralogs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, GroEL1 and GroEL2, GroEL1 has a characteristic histidine‐rich C terminus. Since histidine richness is likely to be involved in metal binding, we attempted to decipher the role of GroEL1 in chelating metals and the consequence on M. tuberculosis physiology. Isothermal titration calorimetry showed that GroEL1 binds copper and other metals. Mycobacterial viability assay, redox balance, and DNA protection assay concluded that GroEL1 protects from copper stress in vitro. Solution X‐ray scattering and constrained modeling of GroEL1 −/+ copper ions showed reorientation of the apical domain as seen in functional assembly. We conclude that the duplication of chaperonin genes in M. tuberculosis might have led to their evolutionary divergence and consequent functional divergence of chaperonins.
HHV‐6 and hippocampal volume in patients with mesial temporal sclerosis
Authors: Akinsoji Elizabeth O. , Leibovitch Emily , Billioux B. Jeanne , Abath Neto Osorio Lopes , Ray‐Chaudhury Abhik , Inati Sara K. , Zaghloul Kareem , Heiss John , Jacobson Steven , Theodore William H.
Published: August 2020

Objective

To study the effects of human herpes virus 6 (HHV‐6) on the hippocampal volume in patients with mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS).

Background

HHV‐6 may play an etiologic role in MTS. Previous studies found a possible association with febrile status epilepticus. Several investigators have reported a higher prevalence of HHV‐6 in MTS resections compared to other epilepsy etiologies.

Design/Methods

We used FreeSurfer to segment cortical structures and obtain whole hippocampal and subfield volumes in 41 patients with intractable epilepsy. In addition, an investigator blinded to other data traced hippocampi manually on each slice. The main study outcome measure was the asymmetry index (AI) between hippocampal volumes ipsilateral and contralateral to seizure foci compared between HHV‐6 positive and negative patients. Viral DNA was isolated from fresh brain tissue obtained at temporal lobectomy. For 25 patients, viral detection was performed using quantitative real‐time PCR specific for HHV‐6A and HHV‐6B. For 16 patients, viral DNA detection was performed using digital droplet PCR specific for HHV‐6A and HHV‐6B.

Results

Twenty‐two patients were positive (14 of 25 tested with real‐time PCR, and 8 of 16 with digital droplet PCR), and 19 negatives for HHV‐6. HHV‐6 negative patients had significantly greater AI and lower total hippocampal volume ipsilateral to seizure foci than HHV‐6 positive patients. Epilepsy duration and age of onset did not affect results.

Interpretation

Our data suggest multiple potential etiologies for MTS. HHV‐6 may have a less severe effect on the hippocampus than other etiologies.