bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation and Mapping of Forest Structure Parameters from Open Access Satellite Images: Development of a Generic Method with a Study Case on Coniferous Plantation
Authors: Morin David , Planells Milena , Guyon Dominique , Villard Ludovic , Mermoz Stéphane , Bouvet Alexandre , Thevenon Hervé , Dejoux Jean-François , Le Toan Thuy , Dedieu Gérard
Published: May 2019

Temperate forests are under climatic and economic pressures. Public bodies, NGOs and the wood industry are looking for accurate, current and affordable data driven solutions to intensify wood production while maintaining or improving long term sustainability of the production, biodiversity, and carbon sequestration. Free tools and open access data have already been exploited to produce accurate quantitative forest parameters maps suitable for policy and operational purposes. These efforts have relied on different data sources, tools, and methods that are tailored for specific forest types and climatic conditions. We hypothesized we could build on these efforts in order to produce a generic method suitable to perform as well or better in a larger range of settings. In this study we focus on building a generic approach to create forest parameters maps and confirm its performance on a test site: a maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) forest located in south west of France. We investigated and assessed options related with the integration of multiple data sources (SAR L- and C-band, optical indexes and spatial texture indexes from Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2 and ALOS-PALSAR-2), feature extraction, feature selection and machine learning techniques. On our test case, we found that the combination of multiple open access data sources has synergistic benefits on the forest parameters estimates. The sensibility analysis shows that all the data participate to the improvements, that reach up to 13.7% when compared to single source estimates. Accuracy of the estimates is as follows: aboveground biomass (AGB) 28% relative RMSE, basal area (BA) 27%, diameter at breast height (DBH) 20%, age 17%, tree density 24%, and height 13%. Forward feature selection and SVR provided the best estimates. Future work will focus on validating this generic approach in different settings. It may prove beneficial to package the method, the tools, and the integration of open access data in order to make spatially accurate and regularly updated forest structure parameters maps effortlessly available to national bodies and forest organizations.
A Novel Ensemble Artificial Intelligence Approach for Gully Erosion Mapping in a Semi-Arid Watershed (Iran)
Authors: Tien Bui Dieu , Shirzadi Ataollah , Shahabi Himan , Chapi Kamran , Omidavr Ebrahim , Pham Binh Thai , Talebpour Asl Dawood , Khaledian Hossein , Pradhan Biswajeet , Panahi Mahdi , Bin Ahmad Baharin , Rahmani Hosein , Gróf Gyula , Lee Saro
Published: May 2019

In this study, we introduced a novel hybrid artificial intelligence approach of rotation forest (RF) as a Meta/ensemble classifier based on alternating decision tree (ADTree) as a base classifier called RF-ADTree in order to spatially predict gully erosion at Klocheh watershed of Kurdistan province, Iran. A total of 915 gully erosion locations along with 22 gully conditioning factors were used to construct a database. Some soft computing benchmark models (SCBM) including the ADTree, the Support Vector Machine by two kernel functions such as Polynomial and Radial Base Function (SVM-Polynomial and SVM-RBF), the Logistic Regression (LR), and the Naïve Bayes Multinomial Updatable (NBMU) models were used for comparison of the designed model. Results indicated that 19 conditioning factors were effective among which distance to river, geomorphology, land use, hydrological group, lithology and slope angle were the most remarkable factors for gully modeling process. Additionally, results of modeling concluded the RF-ADTree ensemble model could significantly improve (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.906) the prediction accuracy of the ADTree model (AUC = 0.882). The new proposed model had also the highest performance (AUC = 0.913) in comparison to the SVM-Polynomial model (AUC = 0.879), the SVM-RBF model (AUC = 0.867), the LR model (AUC = 0.75), the ADTree model (AUC = 0.861) and the NBMU model (AUC = 0.811).
Development of an Ultrasensitive Impedimetric Immunosensor Platform for Detection of Plasmodium Lactate Dehydrogenase
Authors: Low Yu Kong , Chan Jianxiong , Soraya Gita V. , Buffet Christelle , Abeyrathne Chathurika D. , Huynh Duc H. , Skafidas Efstratios , Kwan Patrick , Rogerson Stephen J.
Published: May 2019

Elimination of malaria is a global health priority. Detecting an asymptomatic carrier of Plasmodium parasites to receive treatment is an important step in achieving this goal. Current available tools for detection of malaria parasites are either expensive, lacking in sensitivity for asymptomatic carriers, or low in throughput. We investigated the sensitivity of an impedimetric biosensor targeting the malaria biomarker Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH). Following optimization of the detection protocol, sensor performance was tested using phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and then saliva samples spiked with pLDH at various concentrations. The presence of pLDH was determined by analyzing the sensor electrical properties before and after sample application. Through comparing percentage changes in impedance magnitude, the sensors distinguished pLDH-spiked PBS from non-spiked PBS at concentrations as low as 250 pg/mL (p = 0.0008). Percentage changes in impedance magnitude from saliva spiked with 2.5 ng/mL pLDH trended higher than those from non-spiked saliva. These results suggest that these biosensors have the potential to detect concentrations of pLDH up to two logs lower than currently available best-practice diagnostic tools. Successful optimization of this sensor platform would enable more efficient diagnosis of asymptomatic carriers, who can be targeted for treatment, contributing to the elimination of malaria.
Design and Implementation of an Ultra-Low Resource Electrodermal Activity Sensor for Wearable Applications ‡
Authors: Pope Gunnar C. , Halter Ryan J.
Published: May 2019

While modern low-power microcontrollers are a cornerstone of wearable physiological sensors, their limited on-chip storage typically makes peripheral storage devices a requirement for long-term physiological sensing—significantly increasing both size and power consumption. Here, a wearable biosensor system capable of long-term recording of physiological signals using a single, 64 kB microcontroller to minimize sensor size and improve energy performance is described. Electrodermal (EDA) signals were sampled and compressed using a multiresolution wavelet transformation to achieve long-term storage within the limited memory of a 16-bit microcontroller. The distortion of the compressed signal and errors in extracting common EDA features is evaluated across 253 independent EDA signals acquired from human volunteers. At a compression ratio (CR) of 23.3×, the root mean square error (RMSErr) is below 0.016 μ S and the percent root-mean-square difference (PRD) is below 1%. Tonic EDA features are preserved at a CR = 23.3× while phasic EDA features are more prone to reconstruction errors at CRs > 8.8×. This compression method is shown to be competitive with other compressive sensing-based approaches for EDA measurement while enabling on-board access to raw EDA data and efficient signal reconstructions. The system and compression method provided improves the functionality of low-resource microcontrollers by limiting the need for external memory devices and wireless connectivity to advance the miniaturization of wearable biosensors for mobile applications.
Time-Efficient Allocation Mechanisms for Crowdsensing Tasks with Precedence Constraints
Authors: Wu Xiaocan , Sun Yu-E , Huang He , Du Yang , Huang Danlei
Published: May 2019

Crowdsensing has emerged as an efficient and inexpensive way to perform specialized tasks by leveraging external crowds. In some crowdsensing systems, different tasks may have different requirements, and there may be precedence constraints among them, such as the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) crowdsensing systems. Moreover, minimizing the total execution time is a regular target for finishing the crowdsensing tasks with precedence constraints. As far as we know, only a few existing studies consider the precedence constraints among crowdsensing tasks, and none of them can minimize the total execution time simultaneously. To tackle this challenge, an efficient allocation mechanism for tasks with precedence constraints is first proposed, which can minimize the total execution time. Then, a case study is given to show how to fit our mechanism in the UAV crowdsensing system. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed mechanisms have good approximate optimal ratios under different parameter settings and are efficient for the UAV crowdsensing system as well.
Denoising Method for Passive Photon Counting Images Based on Block-Matching 3D Filter and Non-Subsampled Contourlet Transform
Authors: Wang Xuan , Yin Liju , Gao Mingliang , Wang Zhenzhou , Shen Jin , Zou Guofeng
Published: May 2019

Multi-pixel photon counting detectors can produce images in low-light environments based on passive photon counting technology. However, the resulting images suffer from problems such as low contrast, low brightness, and some unknown noise distribution. To achieve a better visual effect, this paper describes a denoising and enhancement method based on a block-matching 3D filter and a non-subsampled contourlet transform (NSCT). First, the NSCT was applied to the original image and histogram-equalized image to obtain the sub-band low- and high-frequency coefficients. Regional energy and scale correlation rules were used to determine the respective coefficients. Adaptive single-scale retinex enhancement was applied to the low-frequency components to improve the image quality. The high-frequency sub-bands whose line features were best preserved were selected and processed using a symbol function and the Bayes-shrink threshold. After applying the inverse transform, the fused photon counting image was subjected to an improved block-matching 3D filter, significantly reducing the operation time. The final result from the proposed method was superior to those of comparative methods in terms of several objective evaluation indices and exhibited good visual effects and details from the objective impression.
On the Design of a New Simulated Inductor Using a Contactless Electrical Tomography System as an Example
Authors: Ye Xin , Wang Yuxin , Tang Xiao-Yu , Ji Haifeng , Wang Baoliang , Huang Zhiyao
Published: May 2019

This work reports a new simulated inductor which is suitable for a Contactless Electrical Tomography (CET) system and can effectively overcome the unfavorable influence of coupling capacitance on the measurement results. By detailed analysis and comparison, it is found that the grounded simulated inductor has a simple circuit construction but its output current is not equal to its input current, while the floating simulated inductor can be used as an independent inductor module but its circuit structure is relatively complex. A new simulated inductor is designed by compensating the currents from the common node of an introduced independent power source to the main circuit. The new simulated inductor combines the advantages of the grounded simulated inductor and the floating simulated inductor. It has the simple construction similar to that of the grounded simulated inductor and its input current is equal to the output current, which means it can be used as an independent module. The impedance measurement and practical image reconstruction experiments were carried out to verify the effectiveness of the new simulated inductor. The experimental results show that the design of the new simulated inductor is successful, and the performance of the impedance measurement is satisfactory. The signal-to-noise ratio of the CET system is improved. Meanwhile, the research work also indicates that in the case when the independent power source is not available, the new simulated inductor is also an effective alternative method. But the phase difference between input signal and output signal is approximately 90° when the elimination principle is realized.
Evaluating WorldClim Version 1 (1961–1990) as the Baseline for Sustainable Use of Forest and Environmental Resources in a Changing Climate
Authors: Marchi Maurizio , Sinjur Iztok , Bozzano Michele , Westergren Marjana
Published: May 2019

WorldClim version 1 is a high-resolution, global climate gridded dataset covering 1961–1990; a “normal” climate. It has been widely used for ecological studies thanks to its free availability and global coverage. This study aims to evaluate the quality of WorldClim data by quantifying any discrepancies by comparison with an independent dataset of measured temperature and precipitation records across Europe. BIO1 (mean annual temperature, MAT) and BIO12 (mean total annual precipitation, MAP) were used as proxies to evaluate the spatial accuracy of the WorldClim grids. While good representativeness was detected for MAT, the study demonstrated a bias with respect to MAP. The average difference between WorldClim predictions and climate observations was around +0.2 °C for MAT and −48.7 mm for MAP, with large variability. The regression analysis revealed a good correlation and adequate proportion of explained variance for MAT (adjusted R2 = 0.856) but results for MAP were poor, with just 64% of the variance explained (adjusted R2 = 0.642). Moreover no spatial structure was found across Europe, nor any statistical relationship with elevation, latitude, or longitude, the environmental predictors used to generate climate surfaces. A detectable spatial autocorrelation was only detectable for the two most thoroughly sampled countries (Germany and Sweden). Although further adjustments might be evaluated by means of geostatistical methods (i.e., kriging), the huge environmental variability of the European environment deeply stressed the WorldClim database. Overall, these results show the importance of an adequate spatial structure of meteorological stations as fundamental to improve the reliability of climate surfaces and derived products of the research (i.e., statistical models, future projections).
Tetrodotoxins Occurrence in Non-Traditional Vectors of the North Atlantic Waters (Portuguese Maritime Territory, and Morocco Coast)
Authors: Silva Marisa , Rodríguez Inés , Barreiro Aldo , Kaufmann Manfred , Neto Ana Isabel , Hassouani Meryem , Sabour Brahim , Alfonso Amparo , Botana Luis M. , Vasconcelos Vitor
Published: May 2019

Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent alkaloid typically from tropical ecosystems, but in the last decade its presence has been more pronounced in the temperate waters of the Atlantic. In its last scientific opinion, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) stressed the need for data regarding TTX prevalence in European waters. To address EFSA’s concerns, benthic organisms such as mollusks, crustaceans, echinoderms and fish with different feeding habits were collected along the Portuguese continental coast, islands (São Miguel, Azores, and Madeira) and the northwestern Moroccan coast. A total of 165 samples were analyzed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) and ultra high performance chromatography mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Geographical tendencies were detected as follows, by descending order: S. Miguel Island (Azores), Moroccan coast, Madeira Island and Portuguese continental coast. The toxin amounts detected were significant, above the Dutch limit value established in 2017, showing the importance and the need for continuity of these studies to gain more knowledge about the prevalence of these toxins, unraveling new vectors, in order to better assess human health risk. This work represents a general overview of new TTX bearers (7) most of them in gastropods (Patella depressa, Nucella lapillus, Onchidella celtica and Aplysia depilans), followed by echinoderms (Echinus esculentus and Ophidiaster ophidianus) and puffer fish Sphoeroides marmoratus.
The Avocado Sunblotch Viroid: An Invisible Foe of Avocado
Authors: Saucedo Carabez José Ramón , Téliz Ortiz Daniel , Vallejo Pérez Moisés Roberto , Beltrán Peña Hugo
Published: May 2019

This review collects information about the history of avocado and the economically important disease, avocado sunblotch, caused by the avocado sunblotch viroid (ASBVd). Sunblotch symptoms are variable, but the most common in fruits are irregular sunken areas of white, yellow, or reddish color. On severely affected fruits, the sunken areas may become necrotic. ASBVd (type species Avocado sunblotch viroid, family Avsunviroidae) replicates and accumulates in the chloroplast, and it is the smallest plant pathogen. This pathogen is a circular single-stranded RNA of 246–251 nucleotides. ASBVd has a restricted host range and only few plant species of the family Lauraceae have been confirmed experimentally as additional hosts. The most reliable method to detect ASBVd in the field is to identify symptomatic fruits, complemented in the laboratory with reliable and sensitive molecular techniques to identify infected but asymptomatic trees. This pathogen is widely distributed in most avocado-producing areas and causes significant reductions in yield and fruit quality. Infected asymptomatic trees play an important role in the epidemiology of this disease, and avocado nurseries need to be certified to ensure they provide pathogen-free avocado material. Although there is no cure for infected trees, sanitation practices may have a significant impact on avoiding the spread of this pathogen.
Climatic Trends of West Virginia: A Representative Appalachian Microcosm
Authors: Kutta Evan , Hubbart Jason
Published: May 2019

During the late 19th and very early 20th centuries widespread deforestation occurred across the Appalachian region, USA. However, since the early 20th century, land cover rapidly changed from predominantly agricultural land use (72%; 1909) to forest. West Virginia (WV) is now the USA’s third most forested state by area (79%; 1989–present). It is well understood that land cover alterations feedback on climate with important implications for ecology, water resources, and watershed management. However, the spatiotemporal distribution of climatic changes during reforestation in WV remains unclear. To fill this knowledge gap, daily maximum temperature, minimum temperature, and precipitation data were acquired for eighteen observation sites with long periods of record (POR; ≥77 years). Results indicate an increasingly wet and temperate WV climate characterized by warming summertime minimum temperatures, cooling maximum temperatures year-round, and increased annual precipitation that accelerated during the second half (1959–2016) of the POR. Trends are elevation dependent and may be accelerating due to local to regional ecohydrological feedbacks including increasing forest age and density, changing forest species composition, and increasing globally averaged atmospheric moisture. Furthermore, results imply that excessive wetness may become the primary ecosystem stressor associated with climate change in the USA’s rugged and flood prone Appalachian region. The Appalachian region’s physiographic complexity and history of widespread land use changes makes climatic changes particularly dynamic. Therefore, mechanistic understanding of micro- to mesoscale climate changes is imperative to better inform decision makers and ensure preservation of the region’s rich natural resources.
Modified Local Soil (MLS) Technology for Harmful Algal Bloom Control, Sediment Remediation, and Ecological Restoration
Authors: Pan Gang , Miao Xiaojun , Bi Lei , Zhang Honggang , Wang Lei , Wang Lijing , Wang Zhibin , Chen Jun , Ali Jafar , Pan Minmin , Zhang Jing , Yue Bin , Lyu Tao
Published: May 2019

Harmful algal blooms (HABs), eutrophication, and internal pollutant sources from sediment, represent serious problems for public health, water quality, and ecological restoration worldwide. Previous studies have indicated that Modified Local Soil (MLS) technology is an efficient and cost-effective method to flocculate the HABs from water and settle them onto sediment. Additionally, MLS capping treatment can reduce the resuspension of algae flocs from the sediment, and convert the algal cells, along with any excessive nutrients in-situ into fertilisers for the restoration of submerged macrophytes in shallow water systems. Furthermore, the capping treatment using oxygen nanobubble-MLS materials can also mitigate sediment anoxia, causing a reduction in the release of internal pollutants, such as nutrients and greenhouse gases. This paper reviews and quantifies the main features of MLS by investigating the effect of MLS treatment in five pilot-scale whole-pond field experiments carried out in Lake Tai, South China, and in Cetian Reservoir in Datong city, North China. Data obtained from field monitoring showed that the algae-dominated waters transform into a macrophyte-dominated state within four months of MLS treatment in shallow water systems. The sediment-water nutrient fluxes were substantially reduced, whilst water quality (TN, TP, and transparency) and biodiversity were significantly improved in the treatment ponds, compared to the control ponds within a duration ranging from one day to three years. The sediment anoxia remediation effect by oxygen nanobubble-MLS treatment may further contribute to deep water hypoxia remediation and eutrophication control. Combined with the integrated management of external loads control, MLS technology can provide an environmentally friendly geo-engineering method to accelerate ecological restoration and control eutrophication.
Community Assembly Mechanisms Underlying the Core and Random Bacterioplankton and Microeukaryotes in a River–Reservoir System
Authors: Isabwe Alain , Ren Kexin , Wang Yongming , Peng Feng , Chen Huihuang , Yang Jun
Published: May 2019

Whether bacterioplankton are assembled in the same way as microeukaryotes is a key question that has been answered only partially in microbial ecology. In particular, relating distribution patterns to the underlying ecological processes for plankton communities in highly dynamic ecosystems, such as river–reservoirs subjected to anthropogenic impacts, remains largely unstudied. Here, we analyzed taxonomic distribution patterns, and unraveled community assembly processes underlying the core and random bacterioplankton and microeukaryotes from a subtropical river–reservoir system. These plankton domains were modelled using the spatial abundance distributions (SpADs) of the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) as a proxy for abundant and rare taxa delineation. Both bacterioplankton and microeukaryote plankton communities exhibited significant distance–decay relationships, and samples were grouped depending on reservoir or river habitats. The neutral community model showed that 35–45% of the plankton community variation could be explained by neutral processes. The phylogenetic null model revealed that dispersal limitation accounted for the largest percentage of pairwise comparisons (42–68%), followed by environmental selection (18–25%). We concluded that similar prevalence of ecological processes acting on particular subsets of the bacterioplankton and microeukaryotes might have resulted from similar responses to environmental change, potentially induced by human activities in the watershed.
Assessing the Predictability of an Improved ANFIS Model for Monthly Streamflow Using Lagged Climate Indices as Predictors
Authors: Ehteram Mohammad , Afan Haitham Abdulmohsin , Dianatikhah Mojgan , Ahmed Ali Najah , Ming Fai Chow , Hossain Md Shabbir , Allawi Mohammed Falah , Elshafie Ahmed
Published: May 2019

The current study investigates the effect of a large climate index, such as NINO3, NINO3.4, NINO4 and PDO, on the monthly stream flow in the Aydoughmoush basin (Iran) based on an improved Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) during 1987–2007. The bat algorithm (BA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA) were used to obtain the ANFIS parameter for the best ANFIS structure. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Varex rotation were used to decrease the number of effective components needed for the streamflow simulation. The results showed that the large climate index with six-month lag times had the best performance, and three components (PCA1, PCA2 and PCA3) were used to simulate the monthly streamflow. The results indicated that the ANFIS-BA had better results than the ANFIS-PSO and ANFIS-GA, with a root mean square error (RMSE) 25% and 30% less than the ANFIS-PSO and ANFIS-GA, respectively. In addition, the linear error in probability space (LEPS) score for the ANFIS-BA, based on the average values for the different months, was less than the ANFIS-PSO and ANFIS-GA. Furthermore, the uncertainty values for the different ANFIS models were used and the results indicated that the monthly simulated streamflow by the ANFIS was computed well at the 95% confidence level. It can be seen that the average streamflow for the summer season is 75 m3/s, so that the stream flow for summer, based on climate indexes, is more than that in other seasons.
NGHIÊN CỨU VIỆC SỬ DỤNG TIẾNG ANH CỦA SINH VIÊN TRONG CÁC DIỄN ĐÀN XÃ HỘI TRÊN FACEBOOK CỦA TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM – ĐẠI HỌC THÁI NGUYÊN
Authors: Minh Nguyễn Thị Hồng , Hương Nguyễn Thị Thu , Huyền Ngô Thu
Published: May 2019

Trong những năm gần đây, giới trẻ bao gồm cả sinh viên đã phát triển cách dùng ngôn ngữ trên các mạng xã hội như Facebook theo cách riêng của mình, trong đó, việc sử dụng tiếng Anh trong các đăng tải trên mạng xã hội đã trở thành một phần giao tiếp của họ và cũng là một thực tế mới khá thú vị. Tuy nhiên, chưa có nhiều nghiên cứu đề cập đến hiện tượng này. Bài báo này nghiên cứu việc sử dụng tiếng Anh của sinh viên trong các diễn đàn xã hội trên Facebook của trường Đại học Sư phạm – Đại học Thái Nguyên; đồng thời tìm hiểu quan điểm của sinh viên về việc tiếng Anh được sử dụng trên các mạng xã hội. Bên cạnh đó, nghiên cứu này cũng phân tích chất lượng sử dụng tiếng Anh của sinh viên và đưa ra những thảo luận có thể đem lại những cái nhìn sâu sắc hơn về hiện tượng này. Bài báo hi vọng sẽ khơi gợi cho những nghiên cứu có hệ thống hơn về việc sử dụng tiếng Anh trên các diễn đàn xã hội của Việt Nam như một hiện tượng ngôn ngữ và xã hội.
Triple knockout of frdC gltA and pta genes enhanced pHA production in Escherichia coli
Authors: Mohamed Biran Nurhajirah , Mohd Yusoff Mohd Zulkhairi , Maeda Toshinari , Zakaria Mohd Rafein , Yee Lian-Ngit , Hassan Mohd Ali
Published: May 2019

Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is a linear polyester produced through the fermentation of sugar or lipid. Biosynthesis of PHA comprises three enzymes known as acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase (phaA), acetoacetyl-CoA reductase (phaB) and PHA synthase (phaC). Comamonas sp. is one of the strains commonly used for PHA production. In order to develop higher PHA production from bacterial respond strategy, PHA biosynthesis operon of Comamonas sp. EB172 was introduced into Escherichia coli BW25113 through a pGEM-T vector. E. coli was chosen due to the complete genome information available and the absence of depolymerisation gene, phaZ. In this study, the deletion of several single genes, which are frdC, gltA, and pta, was found to be associated with PHA metabolism activity in E. coli BW25113. P1 transduction was performed to construct multiple genes knockout. The engineered strain, E. coli BW25113 frdCgltApta::kan/pGEM’-phaCABCo, yielded the highest PHA production at 64 wt.% with 1.4 fold higher than that of control strain of E. coli BW25113/pGEM’-phaCABCo. This strain is potential for industrial application for higher PHA production from E. coli.
HUBUNGAN IKLAN POLITIK KANDIDAT PRESIDEN TERHADAP TINGKAT KOGNISI DAN SIKAP POLITIK PEMILIH PEMULA
Authors: Suherman Ansar
Published: May 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan iklan politik dengan tingkat kognisi dan sikap politik pemilih pemula. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif korelasional melalui pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini berlokasi di kota Baubau, provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara dengan jumlah sampel 377 responden yang kesemuanya merupakan pemilih pemula. Untuk mengumpulkan data yang diperlukan, digunakan kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada seluruh responden. Beberapa uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji syarat statistik dan uji hipotesis Iklan politik yang dijadikan subyek penelitian ini adalah iklan politik Abu Rizal Bakrie, Prabowo Subianto, dan Wiranto. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa iklan politik di televisi lebih efektif dalam menyampaikan pesan kepada responden karena televisi mampu memberikan tampilan audio dan visual secara bersama-sama. Iklan politiknya juga memberikan sumbangan yang efektif terhadap peningkatan kognisi dan sikap politik responden. Responden merasakan manfaat dari iklan politik karena responden umumnya mendapatkan pengetahuan tentang visi dan misi kandidat. Terlihat perubahan sikap responden yang merupakan akumulasi dari informasi dan tingkat kognisi atau pengetahuan yang diperoleh responden dari iklan politik yang ditonton. Semakin tinggi tingkat kognisi responden terhadap kandidat presiden maka akan semakin memengaruhi sikap politik responden. Dalam penelitian ini juga ditemukan bahwa faktor lingkungan (dukungan politik orang tua dan sikap politik lingkungan sekitar) ikut memengaruhi tingkat kognisi dan sikap politik responden
PENGARUH PENYALURAN KREDIT TERHADAP SISA HASIL USAHA PADA KOPERASI SIMPAN PINJAM SEJAHTERA KOTA BAUBAU
Authors: Azaluddin Azaluddin
Published: May 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyaluran SHU pada koperasi Simpan Pinjam Sejahtera Kota Baubau. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Sejahtera Kota Baubau yang beralamat di jalan Martadinata Nomor 1B Kelurahan Batulo, Kota Baubau, Sulawesi Tenggara. Populasi penelitian ini adalah jumlah penyaluran kredit dan sisa hasil usaha pada Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Sejahtera Kota Baubau selama 3 tahun, yaitu dari tahun 2011 sampai dengan tahun 2013. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan penyaluran kredit pada Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Sejahterah Kota Baubau selalu meningkat, tetapi perkembangan peningkatannya dari tahun ke tahun cenderung Menurun. Hal ini di akibatkan karena adanya anggota yang keluar karena pindah kerja, pensiun, atau berhenti atas kehendaknya sendiri dan disebabkan pula oleh bertambah serta berkurangnya setoran simpanan wajib dan simpanan pokok dari para anggota, bertambah atau berkurangnya dana cadangan yang ada pada koperasi; Sisa hasil usaha pada Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Sejahterah Kota Baubau dari tahun 2011 sampai dengan tahun 2013 juga cenderung fluktuatif. Hal ini di sebabkan oleh semakin besarnya modal sendiri yang mampu dihimpun oleh koperasi, bertambah atau berkurangnya pendapatan yang di peroleh baik dari bunga pinjaman dan deviden atas jasa simpan pinjam dan investasi yang di lakukan oleh koperasi, serta bertambah atau berkurangnya biaya-biaya yang di keluarkan dari unit-unit usaha pada koperasi.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MELAKUKAN OPERASI PERKALIAN PADA BILANGAN CACAH DENGAN JARITMATIKA PADA SISWA KELAS II SD NEGERI 2 BUNGI
Authors: Esi La
Published: May 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektifitas penggunaan jarimatika dalam melakukan operasi perkalian pada bilangan cacah pada siswa kelas II SD Negeri 2 Bungi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan menggunakan 2 siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri 4 tahap, yaitu perencanaan, tindakan dan observasi, dan refleksi. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas II yang berjumlah 26 siswa yang terdiri dari 8 siswa laki-laki dan 18 siswa perempuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pembelajaran dengan penggunaan jarimatika pada mata pelajaran Matematika materi operasi hitung perkalian bilangan cacah, dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa. Berikut persentase nilai ketuntasan hasil belajar pada siklus I dan II. Persentase ketuntasan belajar (Pratindakan 33,3%, nilai rata-rata 56,06); Persentase ketuntasan belajar (Siklus I 38,5%, nilai rata-rata 58,13); dan Persentase ketuntasan belajar (Siklus II 85%, nilai rata-rata 86).
PREPOSISI BAHASA CIACIA DI DESA WABULA KECAMATAN WABULA KABUPATEN BUTON
Authors: Nazar Asrul
Published: May 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bentuk preposisi bahasa Ciacia di Desa Wabula, Kecamatan Wabula, Kabupaten Buton. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Data penelitian ini adalah data bahasa lisan berupa tuturan-tuturan dalam bentuk frasa, klausa, atau kalimat bahasa Ciacia di Desa Wabula yang menunjukkan bentuk dan Arti Preposisi Bahasa Ciacia Desa Wabula Kecamatan Wabula Kabupaten Buton. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa bentuk preposisi Bahasa Ciacia di Desa Wabula Kecamatan Wabula Kabupaten Buton terdiri atas (1) preposisi monomorfemis dan (2) preposisi polimorfemis. Preposisi monomorfemis Bahasa Ciacia di Desa Wabula Kecamatan Wabula Kabupaten Buton, yaitu kata daso ‘untuk/buat’, mina ‘dari’, i ‘ke’, i ‘di, pada’, mi ‘dengan’ dan aso ‘tentang. Preposisi tersebut terletak di awal frasa dan diikuti unsur nomina dan verba. Sedangkan preposisi polimorfemis Bahasa Ciacia di Desa Wabula Kecamatan Wabula Kabupaten Buton, mencakup (a) preposisi berafiks, (b) preposisi gabungan. Preposisi berafiks , meliputi poasa-asa ‘bersama’, nokoisamo ‘menjelang’, dan norope ‘menuju’. Unsur yang mengikuti preposisi ini berupa nomina dan verba. Preposisi gabungan preposisi pada kata i wawo ‘di atas’, i woru ‘di bawah’, i haroa ‘di depan’, i lalo ‘ke dalam’, dan i taliku ‘di belakang’, i lepe  ‘dari samping’, dan mina i lalo ‘dari dalam’, rampano ‘oleh sebab’, dan rato ‘sampai dengan’. Preposisi berafiks maupun preposisi gabungan tersebut umumnya diikuti unsur nomina dan verba.
STRATEGY MAPS PENYELENGGARAAN E-GOVENRMENT PADA BADAN PELAYANAN PERIZINAN DAN PENANAMAN MODAL KOTA BAUBAU
Authors: Nur Achmad Farid Yusuf
Published: May 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pemetaan strategi organisasi pada BP3M Kota Baubau, dengan menggunakan pemodelan Strategy Maps oleh Kaplan dan Norton. Alat analisis Swoot digunakan, untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor internal dan eksternal yang mempengaruhi penerapan teknologi informasi penyelenggaraan e-Gvernment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyelenggaraan strategi BP3M, yaitu (1) Partisipasi pengguna, peningkatan transparansi informasi, kemudahan layanan; (2) Sharing informasi antar SKPD, penyederhanaan prosedur birokrasi. Elemen proses internal diketahui ada dua strategi, yakni (1) Peningkatan infrastruktur pelayanan masyarakat;  (2) peningkatan fungsi media portal, stabilitas aplikasi sistem informasi, peningkatan penggunaan software legal. Perspektif Pertumbuhan ada empat strategi, yakni (1) peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia; (2) Tata kelola organisasi; (3) e-leadership; (4) research and development software dan hardware. Elemen Keuangan diketahui ada dua, yakni (1) Efisiensi Penggunaan Dana; (2). peningkatan sumber dana lain perlu dilakukan untuk menanggulangi permasalahan dari sudut pengganggaran, salah satunya melalui hibah (grant) atau melalui sumber pendanaan lain. Direkomendasikan bahwa strategy maps yang dilakukan oleh BP3M Kota Baubau dalam penyelenggaraan e-gov, telah menggunakan pemodelan Strategy Maps oleh Kaplan dan Norton.
EVALUASI BIAYA ALAT BERAT PADA PROYEK PENINGKATAN JALAN LAKAPERA-WAMENGKOLI KABUPATEN BUTON TENGAH
Authors: Bahar Syamsul Bahri
Published: May 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Evaluasi Biaya Alat Berat Pada Proyek Peningkatan Jalan Lakapera-Wamengkoli Kabupaten Buton Tengah. Pelaksanaan pekerjaan ini menggunakan jenis alat berat, seperti Motor Greder, Wheel Loader, Pneumatic Tire Roller, Excavator, Vibrator Roller, Dump Truck, dan Water Tank. Analisis biaya alat berat menggunakan analisa bina marga dengan metode kontrak/borongan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa jumlah biaya penggunaan alat berat pada pekerjaan peningkatan jalan lakapera-wamengkoli sebesar Rp254.436.014,42; Jumlah biaya pelaksanaan pekerjaan peningkatan jalan lakapera-wamengkoli sebesar Rp2.140.156.000,00.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE JIGSAW UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR FLUIDA PADA SISWA KELAS XI IPA-2 SMA NEGERI 2 BAUBAU
Authors: Salamah Ummi
Published: May 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Jigsaw untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Fluida pada siswa kelas XI IPA-2  SMA Negeri 2 Baubau. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 2 Baubau, pada bulan   Pebruari–April (semester genap tahun pelajaran 2013/2014). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI IPA-2  di SMA Negeri 2 Baubau  yang terdiri dari 42  siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Jigsaw dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar materi fluida pada siswa kelas XI IPA-2 pada SMA Negeri 2 Baubau Ketuntasan belajar siswa meningkat dari 0% (sebelum tindakan) menjadi 57,13% (siklus I) dan menjadi 78,57% (siklus II). Rerata nilai siswa meningkat dari 58,60 (sebelum tindakan) menjadi 63,64 (siklus I) dan menjadi 78,57 (siklus II).
Meningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Pkn Melalui Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Learning Together Siswa Kelas Iv Sd Negeri 2 Wameo
Authors: Hamzah Hamzah
Published: May 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran PKn siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 2 Wameo melalui model pembelajaran koperatif tipe learning together. Prosedur penelitian ini terdiri atas empat tahap, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan evaluasi serta refleksi. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah siswa dan guru. Jenis data yang diperoleh adalah data kuantitatif dan kualitatif, sehingga keberhasilan penelitian dilihat dari dua segi yaitu dari proses dan tes hasil  belajar siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil evaluasi tes hasil belajar siklus I menunjukkan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa yaitu 13 siswa atau 65% mencapai ketuntasan belajar individual dan 7 siswa atau 35% tidak tuntas belajar dengan nilai rata-rata 67,75. Pada siklus II, nilai tes  hasil belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan yaitu dari 20 siswa, 18 siswa atau 90% tuntas belajar dan 2 siswa atau 10% tidak tuntas belajar dengan nilai rata-rata 76. Dengan demikian Model pembelajaran koperatif tipe learning together dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran PKn Siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 2 Wameo semester ganjil Tahun Pelajaran 2013/2014.
Usaha Tani Wortel Di Desa Wakuli Kecamatan Kapontori Kabupaten Buton
Authors: Wardana Wardana
Published: May 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah pendapatan, kelayakan usaha tani, dan mengetahui permasalahan serta upaya mengatasi masalah petani wortel di desa Wakuli, kecamatan Kapontori, kabupaten Buton. Penentuan sampel petani dilakukan secara Simple Random Sampling, dengan populasi sebanyak 30 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa usaha tani wortel menguntungkan dengan rata-rata pendapatan  per  Ha. adalah Rp10.152.516,85. Usaha tani wortel di daerah penelitian secara ekonomi layak untuk diusahakan dan dikembangkan, Hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai R/C sebesar 2,15 > 1. Beberapa masalah yang dihadapi para petani wortel, yaitu tidak adanya koperasi desa yang dapat membantu dalam memasarkan hasil usaha tani dan  masalah musim (kemarau). Upaya-upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah meminta bantuan dari pemerintah untuk memberikan motivasi sehingga petani memunyai kekuatan untuk membentuk koperasi dan memberikan penyuluhan kapada para petani tentang bercocok tanam wortel yang baik.
Gerakan Sedekah Ilmu Buton Raya Educare: Penerapan Metode Multiple Intellegences Bagi Anak-anak Desa Kepulauan Buton
Authors: Suhardiyanto Andy Arya M. Wijaya Sardin
Published: May 2019

Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat melalui gerakan Sedekah Ilmu: Penerapan Metode Multiple Intellegences dalam Pembelajaran Bagi Anak-Anak Desa Di Kepulauan Buton ini adalah upaya mengembangkan system belajar dengan pendekatan yang lebih mengajak anak-anak untuk terlibat aktif, sekaligus melatih mahasiswa untuk menerapkan pengalaman mereka dan menyerap inspirasi lingkungan sekitar. Di sisi lain, metode pembelajaran diharapkan mampu membangun relasi sosial antara anak-anak desa karena didesain dan diterapkan secara multi metode.  Metode yang diterapkan dalam Sedekah Ilmu ini adalah Pendidikan Masyarakat khususnya kepada anak-anak melalui pendekatan Multiple Intelligences (MI), yang didesain dalam metode pembelajaran, materi pembelajaran, ice breaking, dan desain pembelajaran kelompok.  Hasil yang diperoleh pada proses ini meliputi beberapa hal, diantaranya; a) Pembelajaran menjadi lebih adaptif terhadap potensi anak; b) Sekalipun dalam permainan namun anak-anak tetap dapat sambil belajar; c) Membangun Ikatan Kelompok Sosial Anak sejak dini melalui pembelajaran yang berbasis kelompok; d) Membangun kesadaran kepada anak-anak tentang potensi desa mereka melalui sub-pembelajaran; e) Melatih anak-anak menuliskan cita-citanya dan berani untuk mengungkapkannya; f) Memberi inspirasi sekaligus pengalaman terhadap para pengajarnya dalam mengelola kelompok kelas anak-anak
Pengidentifikasian Nilai-nilai Pendidikan Karakter Cerita Rakyat Asal Mula Benteng Matulunga di Kabupaten Buton Selatan
Authors: Ria Safaria Sadif Asma Kurniati &
Published: May 2019

Kabupaten Buton Selatan memiliki banyak warisan budaya yang sangat menarik dan dijadikan sebagai objek wisata seperti Benteng Matulunga.  Namun pada umumnya benteng-benteng warisan budaya tersebut banyak yang kondisinya sudah rusak dan tidak terawat.Padahal, hampir semua objek wisata hebat di mana saja, selalu memiliki kisah-kisah yang secara turun temurun diwariskan dan dipercaya orang. Terlebih lagi jika cerita-cerita rakyat tersebut mengandung nilai-nilai karakter yang mencerminkan kepribadian bangsa Indonesia. Cerita itu adalah magnet yang tersembunyi sehingga perlu diidentifikasi.  Sehingga kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter  pada cerita rakyat Asal Mula Benteng Matulunga. Selain itu kegiatan ini dilaksanakan untuk memotivasi kepada masyarakat agar lebih mencintai warisan budaya daerah terutama tentang cerita rakyatnya  dan berupaya untuk melestarikannya hingga temurun.
Partisipasi Petani dalam Pelaksanaan Intensifikasi Gerakan Nasional (Gernas) Kakao di Kabupaten Buton
Authors: Cecep Nuryadin Safrin Edy &
Published: May 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat partisipasi petani dalam pelaksanaan Intensifikasi Gerakan Nasional (GERNAS) kakao di Kabupaten Buton. Partisipasi petani yang meliputi Frekuensi mengikuti penyuluhan dan konsumsi media serta pemupukan dan pemangkasan tanaman kakao. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Bulan Juli sampai Oktober tahun 2016 yang bertempat di Kecamatan Lasalimu Selatan dan Siontapina. Penentuan tempat penelitian ini dilakukan secara purposive atau ditunjuk secara langsung dengan pertimbangan bahwa daerah tersebut merupakan sentra penghasil Kakao yang mendapatkan GERNAS program intensifikasi di Kabupaten Buton. Sampel penelitian ditentukan dengan teknik acak sederhana (simple random sampling method) sebanyak petanin kakao sebagai responden. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui wawancara langsung dan dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif yakni dengan memberikan gambaran tentang partisipasi petani terhadap pelaksanaan intensifikasi GERNAS Kakao. Selanjutnya di menggolongkan tinggi, sedang, dan rendahnya partisipasi petani dalam pelaksanaan GERNAS Kakao  digunakan rumus Interval = J + 1 /K. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa partisipasi petani dalam pelaksanaan intensifikasi Kakao di Kabupaten Buton adalah mayoritas petani kakao frekuensi mengikuti penyuluhan sering dan konsumsi media sedang, sedangkan tingkat partisipasi petani dalam pelaksanaan intensifikasi Kakao tergolong tinggi yaitu 76,7% karena kebutuhan petani telah tesedia dalam melakukan kegiatan pemupukan dan pemangkasan tanaman Kakao.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Nelayan Dalam Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Alam Laut Terhadap Peningkatan Ekonomi Yang Berkelanjutan Di Desa Kakenauwe Dan Desa Wagari Kecamatan Lasalimu
Authors: Asrul Nazar Anwar Sadat, Muh. Askal Basir &
Published: May 2019

Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan kesadaran dan pemahaman kritis kepada pemerintah desa, manajemen kelompok dan masyarakat tentang pengelolaan sumber daya alam laut partisipatif dan kolaboratif melalui Sosialisasi dan Pelatihan mitra mitra Kelompok Nelayan "Lestari" dan Lembaga Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Ekonomi Desa "Bungana Ponda" di Desa Kakenauwe dan Desa Wagari, Kecamatan Lasalimu, Kabupaten Buton. Metode yang akan digunakan dalam pencapaian tujuan adalah dengan menggunakan proses Pendidikan Orang Dewasa (POD), di mana Mitra (IbM 1) Kelompok Nelayan "Lestari" dan Mitra (IbM 2) Lembaga Pengembanganan Masyarakat Ekonomi Desa "Bungana Ponda" menjadi pelaku utama dalam rangka mencapai tujuan kegiatan pelatihan. Sementara dalam penerapan metode lapangan, masyarakat menjadi aktor utama dalam merancang dan menganalisis potensi dan masalah mereka untuk tujuan pengelolaan sumber daya laut yang lebih baik dan lebih baik. Hasil dari pelecehan kegiatan layanan masyarakat adalah Kelompok Nelayan "Lestari" dan Kelompok Lembaga Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Ekonomi Desa "Bungana Ponda" memahami peran dan fungsinya dalam Peningkatan Sumber Daya Alam dan Peningkatan Lembaga Ekonomi Desa dan mampu melakukan peran dan fungsinya sebagai pengorganisir, Nelayan / Kelompok Lembaga Ekonomi Desa dapat meningkatkan kapasitas mereka dalam mengembangkan Lembaga Ekonomi Desa dengan Partisipasi dan Akuntabilitas Transparansi & memihak perempuan, kaum miskin dan yang terpinggirkan lainnya, Masyarakat Nelayan di Kabupaten Lasalimu Kabupaten Buton dapat meningkatkan produktivitas ekonomi dan menciptakan kedamaian, kenyamanan dalam kehidupan masyarakat dan Meningkatkan perhatian akademis pada kelompok masyarakat nelayan / usaha mikro, dan peningkatan kegiatan pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi dan seni di universitas.
Pengorganisasian Petani Untuk Menanam Bawang Merah Di Kelurahan Kaisabu Baru Kecamatan Sorawolio Kota Baubau
Authors: Indah Kusuma Dewi Hardin &
Published: May 2019

Tujuan program pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah: (1) untuk mendorong petani menggunakan tanah mereka agar lebih produktif dengan menanam bawang merah; (2) Pengusaha dapat bekerja sama dan saling menginformasikan dalam upaya mengembangkan bawang merah di daerah Kaisabu Baru (3) Untuk meningkatkan pendapatan petani di Desa Kaisabu Baru. Kegiatan ini dilakukan selama 6 bulan, dengan jumlah petani yang terlibat adalah 27 petani. Metode pendekatan yang ditawarkan untuk bidang sasaran berikut: (1) Melakukan pelatihan teknik budidaya bawang merah menggunakan metode GAP (Praktek Pertanian yang Baik); (2) Melakukan pelatihan sistem pascapanen dan bawang merah; (3) Melakukan penanaman bawang merah langsung di lapangan. Dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) Pengorganganisasian petani dalam waktu cepat perlu melibatkan para pemimpin adat dan pemerintah dan membutuhkan bantuan yang komprehensif mulai dari pemberian pengetahuan, proses budidaya hingga informasi pemasaran; (2) Bentuk kerja sama dan proses pembelajaran dalam upaya mengembangkan bawang merah di wilayah Kaisabu Baru dengan membentuk kelompok tani bawang merah, untuk saling memberikan pemahaman dalam berbagi pengetahuan dan keterampilan di antara mereka; (3) Pendapatan petani dengan memanfaatkan lahan yang ada dapat meningkatkan pendapatan mereka, sehingga dapat membantu ekonomi keluarga petani sendiri.