bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fast algorithm for decoding phase images with arbitrary step shift
Authors: Dvoynishnikov S. V. , Kulikov D. V. , Meledin V. G. , Glavny V. G.
Published: October 2022

A numerical algorithm for fast search of the initial phase shift on phase images with arbitrary stepwise shifts is proposed. The algorithm is based on finding the minimum deviation of the model function from the measurement results. The interval search method used directly in the proposed approach made it possible to significantly reduce the computational complexity of the algorithm. The paper presents the results of measuring a three-dimensional profile by phase triangulation methods using the proposed algorithm. The obtained results confirm the efficiency and high practical value of the proposed phase image decoding algorithm.
Quality assurance system of control as a social system
Authors: Shaburova A. V. , Patsan A. V.
Published: October 2022

The article considers the quality assurance system of control. The quality assurance system of control is analyzed with respect to the presence of signs of a social system in it and the attribution of all components of the quality assurance system of control to the social system.
Comparative analysis of personal data law in the Russian Federation and the European union
Authors: Оvchinnikova Е. А.
Published: October 2022

The article compares some aspects of legal regulation (positive and sanctions) in the field of personal data of the Russian Federation and the European Union. The adaptation of the Russian legislation on personal data (in terms of positive regulation) to the European one is noted.
How do people with color blindness see the world?
Authors: Krasnova N. S. , Parko I. V.
Published: October 2022

A person is always surrounded by many colors, and sometimes it happens that bright colors are not always the color that people around you see. It should be understood that the cause of this can be a disease such as color blindness. Color blindness is a lack of vision that leads to the fact that a person cannot distinguish some colors. The purpose of this work is to study color blindness and its ways of recognition using tests. The tasks of the test is to find out, whether there is a risk that a person may not be able to distinguish colors and not realize it. Next, it is necessary to conduct a further check in the clinic with a specialist. There are many methods to find out in the early stages whether a person has problems with the perception of colors. Acquired color blindness is not treatable. This type can only be corrected with the help of special tinted glasses with filters or contact lenses.
Determination of the melting heat of composite and polymer materials for effective laser operation
Authors: Maksimov D. S. , Voytov A. S.
Published: October 2022

The article considers the relevance of using the DSC method for determining the melting heat of composite and polymer materials. A method for measuring the heat of melting using a differential scanning calorimeter is described.
The role of technical specialists in modern production
Authors: Pak N. A. , Yuneman V. V. , Kutenkova E. Y.
Published: October 2022

The article discusses the features of the production activity of technologists, although at present not only the technological process is automated, but the process of technological preparation of production, however, the profession of a technologist is still relevant, since the final decision-making on all production processes remains for a person. In the modern economy, there is an increasing need for a specialist who could correctly link all technological and production processes, work them out for manufacturability, determine economic efficiency and make the most optimal decision. The conclusion is made about the need for continuous professional development and the growth of professionalism. The demand for technologists at Novosibirsk enterprises is analyzed and a conclusion is made about the relevance of this profession in the modern world.
Remote-controlled aircraft for various purposes
Authors: Solovyov A. S. , Parko I. V.
Published: October 2022

Remote-controlled aircraft are vehicles without a crew on board. This article includes topics such as classification, advantage, device, as well as capabilities. This article shows the use of UAVs not only for peaceful purposes, such as cargo and mail delivery, terrain reconnaissance, etc., but also for military purposes, for example, finding and destroying enemy locations.
Supersonic flow about thin cylindrical shell and shell stability research
Authors: Yudin B. V. , Naberezhnykh K. A.
Published: October 2022

The paper presents behavior of a thin cylindrical shell in axial supersonic flow. The possibility of stability loss due to pressure difference on the outer and inner surfaces of the shell is shown.
Encapsulated sleeve with high reliability and short response time for sniper rifle cartridges
Authors: Коndratev S. А. , Кislin М. А. , Perihkin S. A. , Vikhareva N. А.
Published: October 2022

The article provides data on the new design of encapsulated cartridge case for sniper cartridges for high-precision sniper complexes. The encapsulated sleeve is considered as a device, the change in the design and parameters of which significantly change the reliability of the operation of sniper cartridges of high-precision sniper complexes. The design of the proposed capsule sleeve and the method of manufacturing a three-lobed anvil for this sleeve are protected by patents of the Russian Federation. The design of a sniper cartridge with this sleeve is also proposed, which allows to unify the size of the capsular socket for various brands of sniper cartridges. The results of field tests of the new design of the encapsulated sleeve are presented.
The role of collaborations in the organization of innovation activities
Authors: Ananich M. I.
Published: October 2022

The article discusses current forms of collaborations and partnerships at different stages of creation and development of innovative and technological infrastructure in the Novosibirsk Region and suggests expanding the possibilities of their choice in the organization of innovation activities.
Evaluation of the results of temperature mapping of warehouses
Authors: Vihareva N. A. , Popova A. S.
Published: October 2022

Mapping of cold storage chambers is carried out for optimal operation of the microclimate monitoring system in pharmaceutical warehouses, especially when it comes to the storage of medicines, preparations of biological origin, medical products. A number of medical materials remain active only when a controlled temperature regime is organized in the storage place. Therefore, the control of climatic conditions is a prerequisite.
Analysis of the influence of environmental factors on the innovative activity of the enterprise
Authors: Grickevich O. V. , Pavlenko V. A.
Published: October 2022

Innovations play an important role in the activities of enterprises and organizations. In the modern conditions in which enterprises have to work, it is important to take into account various factors that affect their activities. The article examines the factors that influence innovation activity. Innovation management, the study of factors influencing innovation, will allow the company to reach a new level, master new technologies, develop a new management strategy. All this will eventually lead to the development of the enterprise, increase the levels of business activity and profitability. It is especially important to take into account the external factors influencing innovation activity, they ultimately form the strategy of promoting the enterprise in the market. The correction of the company's activities, taking into account the influence of external factors affecting innovation activities, will allow to form and strengthen a competitive management strategy. For approbation of methods of analysis taking into account the influence of external factors, a group of manufacturing enterprises was selected. In the article, as an example, the result of a study of one of them is presented.
Analysis of the error in the results of impurities concentration measurement in solutions
Authors: Simonova G. V.
Published: October 2022

The paper studies the influence of impurity concentration and measurement conditions on the error of measurement results. The relevance of this work is due to the need to improve reliability of measurement results in conditions of deterioration of the environmental performance of water bodies and to identify cases of multiple excesses of maximum permissible standards by concentration of pollutants. The method of measurements is considered and the sources of possible errors are determined. A significant influence on the error of the result of determining the concentration of pollutants of both the type of pollutant and the process of sample preparation for research is shown.
Female Representation in Legislative Committees and Perceptions of Legitimacy: Evidence from a Harmonized Experiment in Jordan, Morocco, and Tunisia
Authors: Kao Kristen , Lust Ellen , Shalaby Marwa , Weiss Chagai
Published: October 2022

How does the gender composition of deliberative committees affect citizens’ evaluations of decision-making processes? Do citizens perceive decisions made by gender-balanced, legislative bodies as more legitimate than those made by all-male bodies? Extant work on the link between women’s descriptive representation and perceptions of democratic legitimacy in advanced democracies finds the equal presence of women legitimizes decision-making processes. However, this relationship has not been tested in more patriarchal, less democratic settings. We employ survey experiments in Jordan, Morocco and Tunisia to investigate how citizens respond to gender representation in committees. We find that women’s presence promotes citizens’ perceptions of the legitimacy of committee processes and outcomes, and moreover, that pro-women decisions are associated with higher levels of perceived legitimacy. Thus, this study demonstrates remarkable robustness of findings from theWest regarding gender representation and contributes to the burgeoning literature on women’s descriptive representation, and women and politics in gender conservative settings
Reliability of using a pressure sensor system to measure in-water force in young competitive swimmers
Authors: Santos Catarina C. , Marinho Daniel A. , Costa Mário J.
Published: October 2022

The aim of this study was to analyze the reliability of using a differential pressure system to measure in-water force in young competitive swimmers. Ten boys and five girls (12.38 ± 0.48 years, 49.13 ± 6.82 kg, 159.71 ± 7.99 cm) were randomly assigned to perform two maximum bouts of 25 m front crawl on different days (trial one, T1; trial two, T2), one week apart. A differential pressure system composed of two hand sensors (Aquanex System, v.4.1, Model DU2, Type A, Swimming Technology Research, Richmond, VA, United States) was used to measure the peak (RFPEAK) and the mean (RFMEAN) resultant force of the dominant and non-dominant hands (in Newton, N). Reliability was analyzed by computing the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), typical error (TE), smallest worthwhile change (SWC), coefficient of variation (CV%), standard error of measurement (SEM), and the minimal detectable change (MDC). Bland–Altman plots with 95% limits of agreement were also analyzed. The results showed no differences between T1 and T2 in all variables (p > 0.05). The ICC showed “excellent” reliability (ICC > 0.90) for the RFPEAK and RFMEAN in both hands. The CV% was rated as “good” (<5%) and TE was smaller than SWC in all variables. The Bland-Altman plots showed high reliability with a small bias (RFPEAK dominant, -0.29 N; RFPEAK non-dominant, -0.83 N; RFMEAN dominant, 0.03 N; RFMEAN non-dominant, 0.50 N). The pressure sensor system (Aquanex System) seems to be a reliable device for measuring the hand resultant force during front crawl in young swimmers and can be used to monitor the changes over time.
A bibliometric analysis of PIN1 and cell death
Authors: Zhang Jia-Heng , Ni Shi-Yu , Tan Ya-Ting , Luo Jia , Wang Shu-Chao
Published: October 2022

Background: Regulation of cell death plays a key role in numerous diseases. As a proline isomerase, prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 (Pin1) is important for the regulation of signaling pathways. An in-depth understanding of how Pin1 participates in the process of cell death, which affects the occurrence and development of diseases, will aid in the discovery of new disease mechanisms and therapeutic methods. Thus, the purpose of our study was to discover the research trends and hotspots of Pin1 and cell death through bibliometric analyses and to provide insights for understanding the future development of basic research and treatment of diseases.

Methods: Documents were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection on 7 May 2022. We selected articles and reviews published in English from 2000 to 2021, and visual and statistical analyses of countries, institutions, authors, references and keywords were performed using VOSviewer 1.6.18 and CiteSpace 5.8.

Results: A total of 395 articles and reviews were selected. Since 2001, the number of articles on Pin1 and cell death has increased annually. Publications come from 43 countries, with the US having the most publications and citations. We identified 510 authors, with Giannino Del Sal having the most articles and Paola Zacchi having the most co-citations. The Journal of Biological Chemistry is the most researched journal, and Nature and its subjournals are the most cited journals. Apoptosis, phosphorylation, and breast cancer were the three most common keywords.

Conclusion: The number of documents showed an increasing trend from 2001 to 2014. Stagnant growth after 2014 may be related to the absence of new research hotspots. Cooperative links between core institutions need to be strengthened, and the institution with the highest citation count in recent years is Fujian Medical University in China. The role of Pin1 in cell death requires further research to discover new research hotspots. Before breakthroughs in molecular mechanism or signaling pathway research, future research will focus more on the treatment of diseases represented by Pin1 inhibitors.
Non-cardiomyocytes in the heart in embryo development, health, and disease, a single-cell perspective
Authors: Ding Shuangyuan , Zhang Xingwu , Qiu Hui , Wo Jiaoyang , Zhang Fengzhi , Na Jie
Published: October 2022

Recent single-cell atlases of the heart gave unprecedented details about the diversity of cell types and states during heart development in health and disease conditions. Beyond a profiling tool, researchers also use single-cell analyses to dissect the mechanism of diseases in animal models. The new knowledge from these studies revealed that beating cardiomyocytes account for less than 50% of the total heart cell population. In contrast, non-cardiomyocytes (NCMs), such as cardiac fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells, make up the remaining proportion and have indispensable roles in structural support, homeostasis maintenance, and injury repair of the heart. In this review, we categorize the composition and characteristics of NCMs from the latest single-cell studies of the heart in various contexts and compare the findings from both human samples and mouse models. This information will enrich our understanding of the cellular basis of heart development and diseases and provide insights into the potential therapeutic targets in NCMs to repair the heart.
Cardiac venous malformation concurrent with multiple hepatic venous malformations: A case report
Authors: Zhang Shijie , Xu Zhenqiang , Zou Chengwei , Zhang Gang
Published: October 2022

A 50-year-old woman who had previously undergone right radical mastectomy presented with chest tightness and shortness of breath after physical activities. A cardiac mass and multiple hepatic lesions were successively detected. We first performed hepatic puncture biopsy. Histopathologic examination confirmed that the multiple hepatic lesions were venous malformations. Based on the imaging findings and previous reports in the literature, we boldly speculated that the cardiac mass was also a venous malformation. The cardiac venous malformation was successfully resected, and the postoperative pathology confirmed our suspicion.
Factor XI, a potential target for anticoagulation therapy for venous thromboembolism
Authors: Li Tingting , Liu Jiang , Wu Weihua
Published: October 2022

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common cause of mortality and disability in hospitalized patients, and anticoagulation is an essential therapeutic option. Despite the increasing use of direct oral anticoagulants, complications and adverse drug reactions still occur in patients with VTE. Within 5 years, 20% of patients with VTE experience recurrence, and 50% of patients with deep vein thrombosis develop post-thrombotic syndrome. Furthermore, bleeding due to anticoagulants is a side effect that must be addressed. Therefore, safer and more effective anticoagulant strategies with higher patient compliance are urgently needed. Available epidemiological evidence and animal studies have shown that factor XI (FXI) inhibitors can reduce thrombus size and loosen the thrombus structure with a relatively low risk of bleeding, suggesting that FXI has an important role in thrombus stabilization and is a safer target for anticoagulation. Recent clinical trial data have also shown that FXI inhibitors are as effective as enoxaparin and apixaban in preventing VTE, but with a significantly lower incidence of bleeding. Furthermore, FXI inhibitors can be administered daily or monthly; therefore, the monitoring interval can be longer. Additionally, FXI inhibitors can prolong the activated partial thromboplastin time without affecting prothrombin time, which is an easy and common test used in clinical testing, providing a cost-effective monitoring routine for patients. Consequently, the inhibition of FXI may be an effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of VTE. Enormous progress has been made in the research strategies for FXI inhibitors, with abelacimab already in phase III clinical trials and most other inhibitors in phase I or II trials. In this review, we discuss the challenges of VTE therapy, briefly describe the structure and function of FXI, summarize the latest FXI/activated FXI (FXIa) inhibitor strategies, and summarize the latest developments in clinical trials of FXI/FXIa inhibitors.
Media and technology usage and attitudes in emergency department patients
Authors: Goldfine C. E. , Knapp A. , Goodman G. R. , Hasdianda M. A. , Huang H. , Marshall A. D. , Keschner Y. G. , Carreiro S. , Jambaulikar G. , Chai P. R.
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Digital health technologies are increasingly being used in emergency medicine, many of which utilize smartphones and computers. Patient willingness to use these modalities is an important factor in successful implementation. Therefore, this study aimed to assess emergency department (ED) patients' use of and attitudes towards technology.

Methods

This was a pooled sub-analysis of ED patients (≥18 years old) that were enrolled in two studies evaluating the ED patient experience in response to novel technological interventions. Participants completed the Media and Technology Usage and Attitudes Scale (MTUAS) that assessed computer and smartphone ownership; frequency of use of phone calls, texting, email, and smartphones; and anxiety and dependence attitudes on these technologies.

Results

One hundred and forty-four participants completed the survey. Mean age was 47.2 years (SD 17.94); 61.8% were female; and 61.1% were white. There was high usage of smartphones (93.1%) and computers (74.3%). Participants most frequently used phone calling and texting and least commonly used email. Participants had a positive attitude (mean 3.9/5, SD 0.68) towards the use of these technologies.

Discussion

ED patients reported high ownership of smartphones and computers, had a positive attitude towards their use, and had varying frequency with which they used different technologies. Future studies can use this information to inform the development of digital health interventions that utilize technologies that patients find most acceptable.
Hydrogeochemical temporal variations related to the recent volcanic eruption at the Cumbre Vieja Volcano, La Palma, Canary Islands
Authors: Amonte Cecilia , Melián Gladys V. , Asensio-Ramos María , Pérez Nemesio M. , Padrón Eleazar , Hernández Pedro A. , D’Auria L.
Published: October 2022

From October 2017, as a response to the occurrence of several seismic swarms on La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain), we strengthened the volcano monitoring of the Cumbre Vieja system by carrying out periodic hydrogeochemical sampling at different points of interest. Two galleries—Peña Horeb (PH) and Trasvase Oeste (TO)—and one well—Las Salinas (LS)—were selected with this objective. Significant temporal variations in the pH, EC, ion content (HCO3−, F−, Cl−, Br−, SO42-, Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), and isotopic signature of dissolved CO2 (δ13C-CO2) were observed throughout the study period. These changes were observed in both chemical and isotopic compositions and were related to the interaction between deep volcanic fluids and groundwaters. They coincided with the occurrence of different seismic swarms, leading to the final Tajogaite volcano eruption, which occurred in Cumbre Vieja from 19 September to 13 December 2021. This work highlights the usefulness of monitoring the chemical and isotopic composition of the groundwaters related to active volcanic systems as they can provide important information about the magmatic gas input in the aquifers.
Is subcutaneous adipose tissue expansion in people living with lipedema healthier and reflected by circulating parameters?
Authors: Nankam Pamela A. Nono , Cornely Manuel , Klöting Nora , Blüher Matthias
Published: October 2022

Lipedema may be considered a model for healthy expandability of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). This condition is characterized by the disproportional and symmetrical SAT accumulation in the lower-body parts and extremities, avoiding the abdominal area. There are no circulating biomarkers facilitating the diagnosis of lipedema. We tested the hypothesis that women living with lipedema present a distinct pattern of circulating parameters compared to age- and BMI-matched women. In 26 women (Age 48.3 ± 13.9 years, BMI 32.6 ± 5.8 kg/m2; lipedema group: n=13; control group: n=13), we assessed circulating parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, sex hormones and a proteomics panel. We find that women with lipedema have better glucose metabolism regulation represented by lower HbA1c (5.55 ± 0.62%) compared to controls (6.73 ± 0.85%; p<0.001); and higher adiponectin levels (lipedema: 4.69 ± 1.99 mmol/l; control: 3.28 ± 1.00 mmol/l; p=0.038). Despite normal glycemic parameters, women with lipedema have significantly higher levels of total cholesterol (5.84 ± 0.70 mmol/L vs 4.55 ± 0.77 mmol/L in control; p<0.001), LDL-C (3.38 ± 0.68 mmol/L vs 2.38 ± 0.66 mmol/L in control; p=0.002), as well as higher circulating inflammation (top 6 based on p-values: TNFSF14, CASP8, EN-RAGE, EIF4EBP1, ADA, MCP-1) and oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and catalase). Our findings suggest that the expected association between activation of inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways and impaired glucose metabolism are counterbalanced by protective factors in lipedema.
Carbon risk and return prediction: Evidence from the multi-CNN method
Authors: Tang Jian , Li Jing
Published: October 2022

This paper investigates the carbon risk and its role in stocks’ return prediction by identifying the carbon risk information implied in feature engineering. We predict the stock returns with different neural networks, construct the investment portfolio according to the predicted returns and reflect the returns of stocks with different carbon risks through the relevant evaluation of the investment portfolio. Our Multi-CNN method can best collect information on different relationship types and make full use of graph structure data to identify carbon risks. With or without carbon factor, the stock market performance of high-carbon industry is better than that of medium-carbon industry, and the performance of low-carbon industry is the worst. Moreover, our finding is consistent in both Chinese and American markets. Investment should pay attention to carbon risk and requires corresponding carbon risk premium.
Severe impact of late diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia on gender identity, sexual orientation and function: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Simeoli Chiara , de Angelis Cristina , Delli Veneri Alessandra , Menafra Davide , Di Paola Nicola , Pivonello Claudia , Di Somma Carolina , Valerio Paolo , Melis Daniela , Alviggi Carlo , Colao Annamaria , Pivonello Rosario
Published: October 2022

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) represents the most frequent form of CAH and of 46, XX disorder of sex development in female newborns. In the majority of cases, particularly in developed countries, female patients suffering from the classic forms of CAH reach the diagnosis at birth or in the early childhood, allowing a prompt treatment with a correct gender assignment. The current manuscript describes an unusual case of an Italian 46-year-old woman, homeborn in the 60s, receiving an extraordinarily late diagnosis of simple virilising classic form of CAH due to 21-OHD, determining a relevant impairment of both physical and psychosexual development. The patient presented primary amenorrhea, height under target, overweight with visceral adiposity, hypercholesterolemia and insulin resistance, hirsutism with a typical male-pattern hair growth, external genital ambiguity, and a severe impairment in the entire series of psychological dimensions, particularly severe depressive symptoms, together with gender dysphoria relative to the female gender assigned at birth, cross-gender behaviours, and body image discomfort, which were associated with homosexual orientation, and sexual dysfunction. Following diagnosis and glucocorticoid (GC) replacement therapy, the hyperandrogenism control and familial and socio-cultural factors changes, particularly, living alone and the interruption of social isolation, were accompanied by menarche appearance, improvement in hirsutism and metabolic profile, and a resolution in all psychological dimensions, depressive symptoms, and gender dysphoria. The patient began to perceive homosexual orientation without discomfort, and ameliorating sexual function. Few cases of female patients with CAH due to 21-OHD receiving an extremely delayed diagnosis have been published. However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first case including a complete psychosexual assessment at diagnosis with a detailed re-evaluation after 5 years of disease treatment.
Individual and combined effects of the GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 polymorphisms on leukemia risk: An updated meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Yan , Wang Di , Zhang Cheng-Yu , Liu Yan-Ju , Wang Xiao-Hui , Shi Meng-Ying , Wang Wei , Shen Xu-Liang , He Xiao-Feng
Published: October 2022

Background: Several meta-analyses have analyzed the association of GSTM1 present/null, GSTT1 present/null, and GSTP1 IIe105Val polymorphisms with leukemia risk. However, the results of these meta-analyses have been conflicting. Moreover, they did not evaluate the combined effects of the three aforementioned gene polymorphisms. Furthermore, they did not appraise the credibility of the positive results. Finally, many new studies have been published. Therefore, an updated meta-analysis was conducted.

Objectives: To further explore the relationship of the three aforementioned gene polymorphisms with leukemia risk.

Methods: The crude odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were applied to evaluate the association of the individual and combined effects of the three aforementioned genes. Moreover, the false-positive report probability (FPRP) and Bayesian false discovery probability (BFDP) were applied to verify the credibility of these statistically significant associations.

Results: Overall, the individual GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 IIe105Val polymorphisms added leukemia risk. On combining GSTM1 and GSTT1, GSTM1 and GSTP1, and GSTT1 and GSTP1 polymorphisms, positive results were also observed. However, no significant association was observed between the combined effects of these three polymorphisms with leukemia risk in the overall analysis. Moreover, when only selecting Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) and medium- and high-quality studies, we came to similar results. However, when the FPRP and BFDP values were applied to evaluate the credibility of positive results, the significant association was only observed for the GSTT1 null genotype with leukemia risk in Asians (BFDP = 0.367, FPRP = 0.009).

Conclusion: This study strongly suggests a significant increase in the risk of leukemia in Asians for the GSTT1 null genotype.
Discovery of novel eGFR-associated multiple independent signals using a quasi-adaptive method
Authors: Ghasemi Sahar , Becker Tim , Grabe Hans J. , Teumer Alexander
Published: October 2022

A decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) leading to chronic kidney disease is a significant public health problem. Kidney function is a heritable trait, and recent application of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) successfully identified multiple eGFR-associated genetic loci. To increase statistical power for detecting independent associations in GWAS loci, we improved our recently developed quasi-adaptive method estimating SNP-specific alpha levels for the conditional analysis, and applied it to the GWAS meta-analysis results of eGFR among 783,978 European-ancestry individuals. Among known eGFR loci, we revealed 19 new independent association signals that were subsequently replicated in the United Kingdom Biobank (n = 408,608). These associations have remained undetected by conditional analysis using the established conservative genome-wide significance level of 5 × 10–8. Functional characterization of known index SNPs and novel independent signals using colocalization of conditional eGFR association results and gene expression in cis across 51 human tissues identified two potentially causal genes across kidney tissues: TSPAN33 and TFDP2, and three candidate genes across other tissues: SLC22A2, LRP2, and CDKN1C. These colocalizations were not identified in the original GWAS. By applying our improved quasi-adaptive method, we successfully identified additional genetic variants associated with eGFR. Considering these signals in colocalization analyses can increase the precision of revealing potentially functional genes of GWAS loci.
Evaluation of humoral and cellular response to four vaccines against COVID-19 in different age groups: A longitudinal study
Authors: Fedele Giorgio , Trentini Filippo , Schiavoni Ilaria , Abrignani Sergio , Antonelli Guido , Baldo Vincenzo , Baldovin Tatjana , Bandera Alessandra , Bonura Filippa , Clerici Pierangelo , De Paschale Massimo , Fortunato Francesca , Gori Andrea , Grifantini Renata , Icardi Giancarlo , Lazzarotto Tiziana , Lodi Vittorio , Mastroianni Claudio Maria , Orsi Andrea , Prato Rosa , Restivo Vincenzo , Carsetti Rita , Piano Mortari Eva , Leone Pasqualina , Olivetta Eleonora , Fiore Stefano , Di Martino Angela , Brusaferro Silvio , Merler Stefano , Palamara Anna Teresa , Stefanelli Paola
Published: October 2022

To date there has been limited head-to-head evaluation of immune responses to different types of COVID-19 vaccines. A real-world population-based longitudinal study was designed with the aim to define the magnitude and duration of immunity induced by each of four different COVID-19 vaccines available in Italy at the time of this study. Overall, 2497 individuals were enrolled at time of their first vaccination (T0). Vaccine-specific antibody responses induced over time by Comirnaty, Spikevax, Vaxzevria, Janssen Ad26.COV2.S and heterologous vaccination were compared up to six months after immunization. On a subset of Comirnaty vaccinees, serology data were correlated with the ability to neutralize a reference SARS-CoV-2 B strain, as well as Delta AY.4 and Omicron BA.1. The frequency of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and memory B cells induced by the four different vaccines was assessed six months after the immunization. We found that mRNA vaccines are stronger inducer of anti-Spike IgG and B-memory cell responses. Humoral immune responses are lower in frail elderly subjects. Neutralization of the Delta AY.4 and Omicron BA.1 variants is severely impaired, especially in older individuals. Most vaccinees display a vaccine-specific T-cell memory six months after the vaccination. By describing the immunological response during the first phase of COVID-19 vaccination campaign in different cohorts and considering several aspects of the immunological response, this study allowed to collect key information that could facilitate the implementation of effective prevention and control measures against SARS-CoV-2.
Intimate intertwining of the pathogenesis of hypoxia and systemic sclerosis: A transcriptome integration analysis
Authors: He Xinglan , Shi Yaqian , Zeng Zhuotong , Tang Bingsi , Xiao Xuan , Yu Jiangfan , Zou Puyu , Liu Jiani , Xiao Yangfan , Luo Yangyang , Xiao Rong
Published: October 2022

Objectives

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease caused by various pathogenic factors, including hypoxia. Hypoxia stimulates the production of the extracellular matrix to promote fibrosis. However, the integrated function and the underlying mechanism of hypoxia in SSc are unclear.

Methods

In the present study, we used Agilent SurePrint G3 Human Gene Expression v3 for the transcriptional sequencing of fibroblasts with and without hypoxia to detect differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in hypoxia. We analyzed the results with the transcriptome data of SSc lesions (GSE95065) to select the co-DEGs. Then, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed on the basis of the co-DEGs using the R package ClusterProfiler, which showed that hypoxia and cross talk of hypoxia with other pathogenic factors are involved in the pathogenesis of SSc. Furthermore, we constructed a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of co-DEGs and screened two significant functional expression modules.

Results

We identified nine hub genes (ALDH1A1, EGF, NOX4, LYN, DNTT, PTGS2, TKT, ACAA2, and ALDH3A1). These genes affect the pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative stress, and lipolysis.

Conclusion

Our study provides insights into the mechanisms underlying the effects of hypoxia on SSc pathogenesis, which will help to better understand SSc pathogenesis and develop new therapeutic strategies for SSc.
Toward sustainability and resilience with Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0
Authors: Aheleroff Shohin , Huang Huiyue , Xu Xun , Zhong Ray Y.
Published: October 2022

There is a recognized need for mass personalization for sustainability at scale. Mass personalization is becoming a leading research trend in the latest Industrial Revolution, whereas substantial research has been undertaken on the role of Industry 4.0 enabling technologies. The world is moving beyond mass customization, while manufacturing has led to mass personalization ahead of other industries. However, most studies have not treated human capabilities, machines, and technologies as sustainable collaboration. This research investigates mass personalization as a common goal under the latest Industrial revolutions. Also, it proposes a Reference Architecture Model for achieving mass personalization that contributes to understanding how Industry 5.0 enhances Industry 4.0 for higher resilience and sustainability through a human-centric approach. The study implies that Human Capital 5.0 leads collaboration with machines and technologies, bringing more value-added and sustainable products.
Inherent regional brain activity changes in male obstructive sleep apnea with mild cognitive impairment: A resting-state magnetic resonance study
Authors: Shu Yongqiang , Liu Xiang , Yu Pengfei , Li Haijun , Duan Wenfeng , Wei Zhipeng , Li Kunyao , Xie Wei , Zeng Yaping , Peng Dechang
Published: October 2022

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common sleep disorder worldwide. Previous studies have shown that OSA patients are often accompanied by cognitive function loss, and the underlying neurophysiological mechanism is still unclear. This study aimed to determine whether there are differences in regional homogeneity (Reho) and functional connectivity (FC) across the brain between OSA patients with MCI (OSA-MCI) and those without MCI (OSA-nMCI) and whether such differences can be used to distinguish the two groups. Resting state magnetic resonance data were collected from 48 OSA-MCI patients and 47 OSA-nMCI patients. The brain regions with significant differences in Reho and FC between the two groups were identified, and the Reho and FC features were combined with machine learning methods for classification. Compared with OSA-nMCI patients, OSA-MCI patients showed significantly lower Reho in bilateral lingual gyrus and left superior temporal gyrus. OSA-MCI patients also showed significantly lower FC between the bilateral lingual gyrus and bilateral cuneus, left superior temporal gyrus and left middle temporal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, and bilateral posterior cingulate/calcarine/cerebellar anterior lobe. Based on Reho and FC features, logistic regression classification accuracy was 0.87; sensitivity, 0.70; specificity, 0.89; and area under the curve, 0.85. Correlation analysis showed that MoCA scale score in OSA patients was significant positive correlation sleep efficiency and negatively correlation with neck circumference. In conclusion, our results showed that the OSA-MCI group showed decreased Reho and FC in specific brain regions compared with the OSA-nMCI group, which may help to understand the underlying neuroimaging mechanism of OSA leading to cognitive dysfunction and may serve as a potential biomarker to distinguish whether OSA is accompanied by cognitive impairment.
Effect of mean heart rate on 30-day mortality in ischemic stroke with atrial fibrillation: Data from the MIMIC-IV database
Authors: Yao Shao-li , Chen Xi-wen , Liu Jie , Chen Xiao-rong , Zhou Yao
Published: October 2022

Background

The relationship of mean heart rate (MHR) with 30-day mortality in ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation in the intensive care unit (ICU) remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association between MHR within 24 h of admission to the ICU and 30-day mortality among patients with atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study used data on US adults from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV, version 1.0) database. Patients with ischemic stroke who had atrial fibrillation for and first time in ICU admission were identified from the MIMIC-IV database. We used multivariable Cox regression models, a restricted cubic spline model, and a two-piecewise Cox regression model to show the effect of the MHR within 24 h of ICU admission on 30-day mortality.

Results

A total of 1403 patients with ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation (mean [SD] age, 75.9 [11.4] years; mean [SD] heart rate, 83.8[16.1] bpm; 743 [53.0%] females) were included. A total of 212 (15.1%) patients died within 30 days after ICU admission. When MHR was assessed in tertials according to the 25th and 50th percentiles, the risk of 30-day mortality was higher in participants in group 1 (< 72 bpm; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.79–1.91) and group 3 (≥82 bpm; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.23–2.57) compared with those in group 2 (72–82 bpm). Consistently in the threshold analysis, for every 1-bpm increase in MHR, there was a 2.4% increase in 30-day mortality (adjusted HR, 1.024; 95% CI, 1.01–1.039) in those with MHR above 80 bpm. Based on these results, there was a J-shaped association between MHR and 30-day mortality in ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation admitted to the ICU, with an inflection point at 80 bpm of MHR.

Conclusion

In this retrospective cohort study, MHR within 24 h of admission was associated with 30-day mortality (nonlinear, J-shaped association) in patients with ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation in the ICU, with an inflection point at about 80 bpm and a minimal risk observed at 72 to 81 bpm of MHR. This association was worthy of further investigation. If further confirmed, this association may provide a theoretical basis for formulating the target strategy of heart rate therapy for these patients.
Facial muscle movements in patients with Parkinson's disease undergoing phonation tests
Authors: Xu Fan , Zou Xian-wei , Yang Li-qiong , Mo Shi-cong , Guo Quan-hao , Zhang Jing , Weng Xiechuan , Xing Guo-gang
Published: October 2022

Purpose

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a serious neurodegenerative disease affecting the elderly. In general, the locomotion deficit, which seriously affects the daily life of patients with PD, usually occurs at a later stage. The mask face symptom meanwhile progressively worsens. However, facial muscle disorders and changes involved in the freezing mask are unclear.

Method

In this study, we recruited 35 patients with PD and 26 age- and sex-balanced controls to undergo phonation tests, while the built-in camera on the laptop recorded their facial expressions during the whole pronunciation process. Furthermore, FaceReader (version 7.0; Noldus Information Technology, Wageningen, Netherlands) was used to analyze changes in PD facial landmark movement and region movement.

Results

The two-tailed Student's t-test showed that the changes in facial landmark movement among 49 landmarks were significantly lower in patients with PD than in the control group (P < 0.05). The data on facial region movement revealed that the eyes and upper lip of patients with PD differed significantly from those in the control group.

Conclusion

Patients with PD had defects in facial landmark movement and regional movement when producing a single syllable, double syllable, and multiple syllables, which may be related to reduced facial expressions in patients with PD.
Performance of the IMPACT and Helsinki models for predicting 6-month outcomes in a cohort of patients with traumatic brain injury undergoing cranial surgery
Authors: Chen Lei , Xu Haiting , He Jianqing , Zhang Chunlei , Maas Andrew I. R. , Nieboer Daan , Raj Rahul , Sun Hong , Wang Yuhai
Published: October 2022

Background and aim

Prediction models for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) require generalizability and should apply to different settings. We aimed to validate the IMPACT and Helsinki prognostic models in patients with TBI who underwent cranial surgery in a Chinese center.

Methods

This validation study included 607 surgical patients with moderate to severe TBI (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] score ≤12) who were consecutively admitted to the Neurotrauma Center of People's Liberation Army (PLANC), China, between 2009 and 2021. The IMPACT models (core, extended and lab) and the Helsinki CT clinical model were used to estimate 6-month mortality and unfavorable outcomes. To assess performance, we studied discrimination and calibration.

Results

In the PLANC database, the observed 6-month mortality rate was 28%, and the 6-month unfavorable outcome was 52%. Significant differences in case mix existed between the PLANC cohort and the development populations for the IMPACT and, to a lesser extent, for the Helsinki models. Discrimination of the IMPACT and Helsinki models was excellent, with most AUC values ≥0.80. The highest values were found for the IMPACT lab model (AUC 0.87) and the Helsinki CT clinical model (AUC 0.86) for the prediction of unfavorable outcomes. Overestimation was found for all models, but the degree of miscalibration was lower in the Helsinki CT clinical model.

Conclusion

In our population of surgical TBI patients, the IMPACT and Helsinki CT clinical models demonstrated good performance, with excellent discrimination but suboptimal calibration. The good discrimination confirms the validity of the predictors, but the poorer calibration suggests a need to recalibrate the models to specific settings.
Intradialytic hypotension prediction using covariance matrix-driven whale optimizer with orthogonal structure-assisted extreme learning machine
Authors: Li Yupeng , Zhao Dong , Liu Guangjie , Liu Yi , Bano Yasmeen , Ibrohimov Alisherjon , Chen Huiling , Wu Chengwen , Chen Xumin
Published: October 2022

Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is an adverse event occurred during hemodialysis (HD) sessions with high morbidity and mortality. The key to preventing IDH is predicting its pre-dialysis and administering a proper ultrafiltration prescription. For this purpose, this paper builds a prediction model (bCOWOA-KELM) to predict IDH using indices of blood routine tests. In the study, the orthogonal learning mechanism is applied to the first half of the WOA to improve the search speed and accuracy. The covariance matrix is applied to the second half of the WOA to enhance the ability to get out of local optimum and convergence accuracy. Combining the above two improvement methods, this paper proposes a novel improvement variant (COWOA) for the first time. More, the core of bCOWOA-KELM is that the binary COWOA is utilized to improve the performance of the KELM. In order to verify the comprehensive performance of the study, the paper sets four types of comparison experiments for COWOA based on 30 benchmark functions and a series of prediction experiments for bCOWOA-KELM based on six public datasets and the HD dataset. Finally, the results of the experiments are analyzed separately in this paper. The results of the comparison experiments prove fully that the COWOA is superior to other famous methods. More importantly, the bCOWOA performs better than its peers in feature selection and its accuracy is 92.41%. In addition, bCOWOA improves the accuracy by 0.32% over the second-ranked bSCA and by 3.63% over the worst-ranked bGWO. Therefore, the proposed model can be used for IDH prediction with future applications.