bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ser tia ou professora? Profissionalidade na educação infantil, um olhar sobre as representações de professores do segmento
Authors: Silva Jeanny Meiry Sombra
Published: December 2021

Este artigo aborda um estudo realizado com quinze pedagogas concluintes de uma pós-graduação lato-sensu numa instituição de ensino superior em São Paulo. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um grupo focal cujo objetivo foi buscar compreender como as professoras participantes do estudo se representam e como percebem as representações que a sociedade faz do trabalho do professor da educação infantil. Os dados foram analisados com base nos pressupostos da Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin (2016) e fundamentados em autores como Freire (1997, 2001), Jodelet (2001), Moscovici (2003), dentre outros. Os resultados revelam que as representações sociais sobre o trabalho do professor desse segmento interferem nas relações e nas práticas pedagógicas e que a profissionalização é um caminho para mudanças de concepções. O estudo evidenciou também o desejo de reconhecimento da educação infantil como uma etapa da educação básica.
Contribuições de Paulo Freire para as práticas pedagógicas de formadores(as) de professores(as) que ensinam Matemática
Authors: Selingardi Ainá Montessanti , Zero Beatriz de Macêdo , Milani Samanta Margarida
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho teve por objetivos: evidenciar as contribuições teóricas de Paulo Freire para as práticas pedagógicas de formadores(as) das licenciaturas em Matemática e apresentar possíveis relações entre Educação Matemática e ideias freireanas que levam à reflexão sobre a prática. A questão que direcionou a investigação foi: Quais são as principais contribuições teóricas de Paulo Freire para as práticas pedagógicas dos(as) formadores(as) de professores(as) que ensinam Matemática? Trata-se de uma investigação qualitativa e de caráter bibliográfico em que os dados foram coletados em uma dissertação que contém narrativas de formadores(as) e analisados a partir de conceitos do referencial freireano. Os principais resultados mostram a potencialidade existente nas falas de professores(as) formadores(as) a partir de suas práticas e da percepção do curso em que atuam e que as obras de Paulo Freire podem favorecer o trabalho deste docente, sua formação permanente e as estruturas dos cursos em que se encontram.
Lembranças freireanas: reflexões docentes para pensar a formação de professores na Educação de Jovens e Adultos
Authors: Ribeiro Renato Antônio , Guimarães Simone Sendin Moreira
Published: December 2021

Este estudo apresenta reflexões advindas de entrevistas realizadas com professores e professoras da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) de escolas goianas quanto à potencialidade dos pressupostos freireanos como suporte ao processo formativo docente na modalidade. Neste movimento empírico, foi investigado se nas lembranças que emergem dos processos formativos dos docentes, Paulo Freire se fez/faz presente. A formação docente é uma preocupação presente ao longo de toda a obra freireana e diante dela cabe ponderarmos a necessidade de uma prática educativa que considere os contextos existenciais e a concretude dos estudantes. A partir das lembranças resgatadas junto aos docentes, foi possível perceber que o legado freireano se faz presente e pode dar suporte à prática docente na EJA. Vários conceitos-chave e/ou ideias freireanas emergiram nas lembranças resgatadas pelos docentes. Os resultados não sugerem plena apropriação teórica dos pressupostos freireanos e tampouco garantia de influência na prática educativa que exercem junto aos estudantes da EJA. Mas o legado teórico freireano, ao ser reinventado e recontextualizado nos espaços-tempo históricos, permite sustentar a formação de professores para a EJA a fim de fortalecê-la como uma modalidade que atenda aos interesses da classe trabalhadora estudante.
O desafio do estágio docente na Modalidade Remota como práxis em Mestrado Profissional em Psicologia da Saúde
Authors: Sousa Felício Luanna Lua , Silva Carmem Virgínia Moraes da
Published: December 2021

No presente artigo, por meio de um relato de experiência, com a intenção de fornecer subsídios que fundamentem uma discussão no que concerne ao Estágio Docente no Ensino Superior, objetivamos explicitar o significado da realização de um estágio docente, realizado como componente curricular obrigatório em um Programa de Pós-Graduação, à nível de mestrado profissional, de Psicologia da Saúde, vinculado a uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES). A experiência descrita foi realizada na modalidade de ensino remoto no ano de 2021, em um cenário atípico, provocado pela Pandemia do Covid-19. Propomos a discussão da prática educativa, fundamentada na perspectiva freireana e apresentamos argumentos que compõem aspectos intrínsecos ao cenário mundial e à necessidade de adaptação da modalidade presencial para a remota, considerando, também, as nuances que envolvem a práxis educacional, como o planejamento, as funções exercidas, a escolha de plataformas, o encontro docente-discente, os atendimentos individualizados e coletivos, e os métodos avaliativos. Consideramos, então, que a pandemia provocou modificações na forma de ensino- aprendizagem, bem como no exercício da formação docente. No entanto, há aspectos fundamentais que sobressaíram às alterações como a vivência de lecionar no ensino superior, estando disponível e sensível ao processo dialógico de ensinar e aprender.
O referencial freireano e as pesquisas sobre formação inicial de professores na área das ciências da natureza: considerações iniciais
Authors: Rocha Pedro Neves da , Diniz Renato Eugênio da Silva
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho consistiu na caracterização geral das inserções da perspectiva freireana em pesquisas sobre formação inicial de professores das ciências da natureza (EC), focalizada em 16 artigos publicados de 2010 a 2020, e 21 teses e dissertações publicadas entre 2015 e 2020. A partir da Análise de Conteúdo, as unidades foram levantadas e analisadas por três processos: quantificação das menções nos artigos; levantamento das seções de teses e dissertações com menções a Freire; e categorização das menções nas dimensões ontológica, gnosiológica, metodológica, e transformação da realidade. Como resultados, evidenciamos que metade dos artigos trouxe até 5 menções ao referencial. Para as teses e dissertações, observamos que 21 pesquisas mencionaram Freire nas seções introdutórias, enquanto 17 também utilizaram seu referencial em discussões e conclusões, e 9 também basearam suas metodologias na perspectiva freireana. Ademais, notamos que a dimensão ontológica apareceu em todos os trabalhos, seguida da dimensão de transformação da realidade (em 30 pesquisas), gnosiológica (24) e metodológica (19). Assim, concluímos ser urgente uma maior aproximação do referencial freireano à formação de professores do EC, principalmente em âmbito metodológico.
Estudos de caso à luz da perspectiva freiriana: aprendizagens para a docência
Authors: Carmo Ana Maria , Afonso Andréia Francisco
Published: December 2021

A docência é composta por múltiplos saberes construídos pelo professor durante o processo de formação inicial e durante o exercício da profissão. Há ainda aqueles que são elaborados a partir das vivências na educação básica, quando o docente ainda era estudante. Em relação ao processo formativo inicial, o subprojeto Química do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora tem proporcionado aos bolsistas de iniciação à docência, aprendizagens durante suas vivências no cotidiano escolar. Entre essas aprendizagens, destacamos a elaboração e aplicação de estudos de casos sobre o tema Alimentação, cujo objetivo foi envolver os futuros docentes na prática de sala de aula para que pudessem articular com autonomia o desenvolvimento de todas as etapas do trabalho. Vale destacar que foi um desafio para muitos deles, já que o curso de Química não tem uma disciplina voltada ao estudo do corpo humano. Entretanto, notamos que os futuros professores puderam desenvolver a autonomia, o senso crítico, a pesquisa e a argumentação junto aos estudantes, seguindo os princípios de Paulo Freire para uma educação democrática, emancipatória e libertadora. Diante das aprendizagens, percebemos que houve mudanças na postura dos bolsistas relacionadas a percepção da escola, enquanto ambiente de formação, e também em relação à carreira do magistério, que passou a ser vista com responsabilidade, dedicação e comprometimento.
Uso de histórias em quadrinhos como recurso didático no ensino de Geografia: uma possibilidade para trabalhar a categoria Lugar
Authors: Martins Ian Moura , Cantanhede Borges Teresa Cristina , Garces Junior Audivan Ribeiro
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo fez uso das histórias em quadrinhos como um recurso didático objetivando uma aproximação teórica do estudo da categoria geográfica Lugar com a realidade dos alunos. Para traçar essa conexão, inicialmente foi feita uma revisão de literatura. A pesquisa participante consolidou a abordagem metodológica de intervenção em um contexto educacional. Os direcionamentos de Paulo Freire foram de suma importância para a concretização deste trabalho, no que tange a utilização de mecanismos que facilitem o processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Para o delineamento metodológico, foi feito em um primeiro momento, uma oficina no formato híbrido com os alunos sobre a concepção de Lugar para a Geografia assim como as histórias em quadrinhos (HQs) e um aplicativo que pudesse materializar a sua confecção. Após esse momento, os alunos construíram o recurso dando-lhe posteriormente um feed back sobre o uso das HQs, indicando que elas são mecanismos que ajudam no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Entretanto, para adoção de qualquer recurso ou ferramenta faz-se necessário conhecer a realidade dos atores sociais a qual se deseja aplicar, para desta forma, traçar os melhores caminhos na busca de uma educação mais participativa, democrática, dinâmica e próxima de suas vivências.
Contribuições de práticas freirianas para a formação de professores/as: experiência de uma gestão escolar
Authors: Carvalho Cosmerina Souza de , Cruz Lilian Moreira
Published: December 2021

Este artigo objetiva apresentar um relato de experiência de uma gestão escolar, que buscou pautar suas práticas nos princípios da pedagogia freiriano e contribuir para formação permanente dos/as docentes e discentes. Para tanto, adotamos uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, do tipo descritiva e exploratória. Os dados mostram que a gestão incentivou os/as docentes a buscar a autoformação; a transformar o espaço escolar em um ambiente propício para aprendizagem; para isso, reelaboraram o projeto pedagógico da escola com a meta de diminuir o fracasso escolar, realizaram reuniões nos bairros onde os/as alunos/as residiam, realizaram visitas domiciliares; ministraram seminários internos para refletir sobre a prática pedagógica. Os resultados refletiram positivamente nas taxas de aprovação que subiram no 1º, 2º e 5º ano para 100%, do 3º ano para 80% e do 4º ano para 83,6%. A taxa de evasão caiu para 0,3%. O índice de atestados médicos e licenças médicas dos/as professores/as e funcionários/as diminuíram. Houve mudanças profundas no comportamento, assiduidade, pontualidade e rendimentos dos/as alunos/as. Contudo, não houve o apoio efetivo da secretaria municipal de Educação para realizar a reforma da escola e disponibilizar profissionais cuidadores/as. Em síntese, educação de qualidade se faz com o engajamento de todos/as.
(RE)construindo Biologia: estágio supervisionado em regência no ensino remoto emergencial durante pandemia de covid-19 no Brasil
Authors: Bandeira Jamerson Santos , Mota Maria Danielle Araújo
Published: December 2021

O presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar quais são as dificuldades que professores e estudantes da disciplina de Biologia têm enfrentado durante a pandemia de COVID-19, no contexto de Ensino Remoto Emergencial de uma escola pública do estado de Alagoas. Também busca investigar quais são as possibilidades atenuantes para essas dificuldades, de acordo com as experiências vivenciadas durante as atividades escolares do componente curricular Estágio Supervisionado. Trata-se de um relato de experiência que, metodologicamente, configura-se como uma pesquisa de natureza exploratória, descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa, que considerou as experiências adquiridas durante a realização das atividades escolares do Estágio Supervisionado em regência para a disciplina de Biologia. Como resultado da pesquisa, ficou claro que, durante o Ensino Remoto Emergencial, os desafios pelos quais professores e estudantes da disciplina de Biologia têm passado consistem em problemas relacionados à desigualdade de acesso à internet e às diversas tecnologias digitais básicas. Também foi possível constatar deficiências na alfabetização tecnológica e tentativas frustradas de transpor metodologias de ensino centradas no professor e seu conteúdo para um contexto remoto. Neste sentido, a utilização de metodologias ativas de ensino mostrou ser uma possibilidade viável para atenuar essas dificuldades, promovendo motivação, engajamento e maior autonomia no processo de ensino-aprendizagem.
Potencialidades do processo de implementação de Unidades Didáticas Multiestratégicas para a formação inicial de professores de Química
Authors: Ferrarini Francisco Otávio Cintra , Bego Amadeu Moura
Published: December 2021

Este artigo pretende expor considerações relativas à importância do movimento de reflexão crítica acerca da ação do replanejamento de Unidades Didáticas Multiestratégicas (UDM) de professores de Química em formação inicial. Trata-se de um recorte de uma pesquisa de doutorado que envolveu a utilização e validação de categorias a priori para se avaliar o Enfoque Curricular adotado por futuros professores ao planejarem e replanejarem UDM. Foi utilizada a abordagem de pesquisa qualitativa do tipo Estudo de Caso para se caracterizarem eventuais mudanças empreendidas na proposição do planejamento de ensino. Para isso foram consideradas como categorias analíticas o Conteúdo abordado, a Metodologia escolhida e as considerações acerca da Avaliação na composição do replanejamento. Os dados gerados apresentam potencialidade de explicitar e caracterizar as reflexões críticas empreendidas em planejamentos de ensino, bem como capacidade de estipular posicionamentos transitórios e direcionados à consolidação de tendências alternativas com referencial investigativo. Isso se deve ao fato de os sujeitos desta pesquisa terem se mobilizado diante de uma proposta que pretendia promover transições e evoluções de conhecimentos profissionais, além de fundamentar a constituição de um modelo didático pessoal capaz de se descolar de perspectivas tradicionais.
Remaining useful life prediction methods for key structures of heavy-duty railway wagons based on condition monitoring data
Authors: Wang Chao , Zhu Tao , Yang Bing , Yin Minxuan , Xiao Shoune , YANG GUANGWU
Published: December 2021

To predict the remaining useful life for the key structures of
heavy-duty railway wagons using condition monitoring data, methods for
the coupler body with and without visible cracks were proposed. First, a
method based on the delay time and hypothesis testing was proposed,
considering the case without visible cracks in the coupler body. Then,
for the case of visible cracks, methods based on a hypothetical
distribution and support vector regression with the Kalman filter were
proposed. Finally, by taking the coupler body monitoring data as an
example, the prediction accuracies of the proposed methods were
compared. The results indicated that the prediction method that only
considers the common characteristics of the research objects had an
average relative error of 57.56% for the coupler structure with a long
lifespan. Considering the delay time of the current state of the
structure and the assumed distribution prediction method, the relative
error was reduced to 34.52%, and the remaining useful life prediction
value fluctuated sharply with respect to the service mileage. On this
basis, considering the performance degradation process of the structure,
the change in the remaining useful life prediction value was smoother,
and the relative error was 43.67%. The methods for predicting the
remaining useful life of railway heavy-duty coupler bodies using
condition monitoring data have important theoretical and practical value
for improving vehicle safety, reducing maintenance costs, and accurately
evaluating the remaining useful life.
hyperkeratotic uremic stomatitis revealing decompensation of chronic kidney disease
Authors: moussaoui eya , salha wahbi ben , Sriha Baderedine , oualha lamia , douki nabiha
Published: December 2021

Uremic stomatitis is a rare manifestation associated with longstanding
uremia in chronic renal failure patients. Its evolution is
favorable with earlier institution of renal replacement therapy. We
report a case of hyperkeratotic uremic stomatitis that revealed
decompensation of chronic kidney disease.
Emergency Peri-operative Management of Ruptured Humongous Lung Abscess: A combined effort makes the difference
Authors: Siddiqui Khalid , Mistry Akbar , Yousuf Muhammad Saad
Published: December 2021

We are presenting a unique case, based on peri-operative management of a
patient who was brought to the operating room for video-assisted
thoracoscopy (VATS) for lung abscess decortication end up with right
upper lobe of lung resection via thoracotomy in an emergency.
A fast non-dominated sorting multi-objective symbiotic organism search algorithm for energy efficient locomotion of snake robot
Authors: Baysal Yesim , Altas Ismail
Published: December 2021

This paper deals with energy efficient locomotion of a wheel-less snake robot. This is very crucial for potential applications of untethered snake robots. The optimum gait parameters for the energy efficient locomotion of the snake robot are obtained with two different multi-objective algorithms based on symbiotic organism search algorithm by considering both minimizing the average power consumption and maximizing the forward velocity of the robot. This paper also investigates the energy efficient locomotion of the snake robot under different environment conditions. The obtained results demonstrate that both proposed methods achieve satisfying stable results regarding power consumption reduction with optimal forward velocity for lateral undulation motion. However, it is seen that fast non-dominated sorting multi-objective symbiotic organism search algorithm provides advantage on obtaining a uniformly distributed solution set with a good diversity only in a single run. This paper is important in terms of presenting useful results for developing efficient motion and environmental adaptability of the snake robot.
Automatic derivation of the initial conceptual database model from a set of business process models
Authors: Brdjanin Drazen , Vukotic Aleksandar , Banjac Danijela , Banjac Goran , Maric Slavko
Published: December 2021

The article presents an approach aimed at automatically deriving the initial conceptual database model from a set of business process models. The approach proposes the incremental synthesis of the target model by iteratively composing the partial conceptual database models that are derived from the models contained in the source set. The approach is implemented by the AMADEOS tool, which is the first online web-based tool enabling the automatic derivation of the conceptual database model from a set of business process models. The experimental evaluation proves that the implemented approach enables effective automatic derivation of the initial conceptual database model.
Five-year Randomized Clinical Trial on the Performance of Two Etch-and-rinse Adhesives in Noncarious Cervical Lesions
Authors: Matos TP , Hanzen TA , Almeida R , Tardem C , Bandeca MC , Barceleiro MO , Loguercio AD , Reis A
Published: December 2021

Objectives

To evaluate the 5-year clinical performance of two-step etch-and-rinse adhesives in noncarious cervical lesions (NCCL).

Methods and Materials

The sample comprised 35 adults with at least two similar-sized NCCL. Seventy restorations were placed, according to one of the following groups: Adper Single Bond 2 (SB) and Ambar (AM). The restorations were placed incrementally using a resin composite (Opallis). The restorations were evaluated at baseline and after 6 and 18 months and 5 years using some items of the FDI criteria. The differences in the ratings of the two materials after 6 months, 18 months, and 5 years were performed with Friedman repeated measures ANOVA by rank and McNemar test for significance in each pair (α=0.05).

Results

Five patients did not attend the 60-month recall. No significant differences were observed between the materials for any criteria evaluated. Twenty-one restorations failed (12 for SB and 9 for AM) after 60 months. Thus, the retention rate for SB at 60 months were 55.6% for SB and 71% for AM (p=0.32). After 60 months, 12 restorations (6 for SB and 6 AM) showed some loss of marginal adaptation (p=1.0). Slight marginal discoloration was observed in 10 restorations (6 for SB and 4 AM; p=0.91). Five restorations (2 for SB and 3 for AM) showed recurrences of caries (p=1.0).

Conclusions

Both two-step etch-and-rinse adhesives—Adper Single Bond 2, a polyalkenoic acid-containing adhesive, and Ambar, a 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP)-containing adhesive—showed acceptable clinical performance after 60 months.
Evaluation of Novel Plant-derived Monomers-based Pretreatment on Bonding to Sound and Caries-affected Dentin
Authors: Lemos MVS , Araujo-Neto VG , Lomonaco D , Mazzetto SE , Feitosa VP , Santiago SL
Published: December 2021

This study evaluated the influence of new monomers derived from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) applied for dentin biomodification on resin–dentin bond strength, nanoleakage, and micropermeability to sound and artificially-created caries-affected dentin. Human dentin specimens were assigned to five groups, according to the following dentin pretreatment solutions: Absolute ethanol (control), 2 wt% grape seed extract (Vitis vinifera), 2 wt% cardol [from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL)], 2 wt% cardol-methacrylate or 2 wt% cardanol-methacrylate applied on sound and artificial caries-affected dentin. Specimens were analyzed after 24 hour or 1 year of water storage. Microtensile bond strength (μTBS) (n=6), interface micropermeability (n=3), and silver nanoleakage (n=6) were assessed using a universal testing machine, confocal laser scanning microscope, and scanning electron microscope, respectively. In sound dentin, no difference in bond strength was observed between the groups in either storage period. In artificial caries-affected dentin, pretreatment with cardol-methacrylate resulted in statistically higher bond strength than all the other treatments in both storage periods. Cardol-methacrylate treatment resulted in less nanoleakage, along with improved interfacial integrity, compared to further treatments in artificial caries-affected dentin. Regarding micropermeability analysis, all treatments depicted deficient sealing ability when applied on artificial caries-affected dentin, with the presence of gaps in the control group. In conclusion, cardol-methacrylate is a promising plant-derived monomer to reinforce the hybrid layer, since it preserved resin–dentin bond strength and improved dentin bonding, especially to caries-affected dentin, a well-known harsh substrate for adhesion longevity.
Food Sovereignty as an Alternative to Reduce the Serious Hunger Problem or Food Shortage Worldwide
Authors: Ortega Ibarra Edú
Published: December 2021

In 1996 Via Campesina launched an initiative claiming that peoples had the right to affordable, nutritious and culturally appropriate food produced using sustainable and ecological processes, as well as the right to define their own management policies related to agriculture, water, fisheries, land, seeds and biodiversity. This initiative, which constitutes a broad framework for the enforcement of the right to food, has emerged as a response and an alternative to the neoliberal model fostering corporate globalization. Also, it is global and provides a framework to understand and transform governance. This concept -consisting of six well-defined pillars (focuses on food for people, values food providers, localizes food systems, puts control locally, develops knowledge and skills, work with nature) can help avoid food poverty, since it aims to guarantee access to healthy and sufficient nutrition for all people, especially the most vulnerable sectors, such as children, pregnant women and older adults, who hardly achieve a proper living. The World Forum on Food Sovereignty, shares objectives and actions to also help through seven areas: trade policies and local markets, knowledge and local technology, access to and control over natural resources, the exchange of territories in all sectors, response to conflicts and natural disasters, migration and production models.
Health in All Policies: Management Model for the Comprehensive Transformation of the System
Authors: Mandl Stangl Jorge
Published: December 2021

he essay explores the components of the approach health in all policies as a management model based on primary health care and its basic principles for health promotion described in the Ottawa Charter and the Adelaide Declaration: citizen participation and community empowerment, intersectorality, personal skills development, timely technologies and governance processes on social determinants of health. In this sense, we propose the transformation of the health system based on the construction of a comprehensive program for the strengthening of the organization through mechanisms of collaboration between the State and the Society, privileging equity and justice in defense of human rights. The document collects lessons learned from practices on the development and strengthening of “Sistemas Locales de Salud” and the Project “Municipios Hacia la Salud” in Venezuela (1989-2000), as well as experiences in other countries. The proposal is presented as a management model for the design, implementation, and governance of redistributive policies with a perspective of multisectoral strategic plan. We conclude that to be effective and efficient, these initiatives need better processes of political and functional decentralization, strong political and executive leadership, inclusive citizen participation, integrality between health and social goals and objectives, consensual planning between society and governments and; continuous accompaniment, monitoring and evaluation.
An Examination of the Efficacy and Background of the Covid-19 Vaccine: Comparative Analysis
Authors: Al-Masaeed Mahmoud
Published: December 2021

Significance and Aim: The aim of this review is to instigate the existing literature on the efficacy levels of the administered Covid-19 pandemic vaccines. The review examines how the efficacy levels compare or contrast among the leading vaccines globally. The proposed value of the review is to indicate if the inoculation of the population has a significant value and impact on reducing exposure and risk of Covid-19 infection and severity of the disease. Methods: The review was developed as an ILR analysis. The search was made from 5 different databases. The findings were Scopus (103), Medline (78), Google Scholar (320), CINAHL (167), and WHO (201). By applying the review inclusion and exclusion criteria, the review settled on 21 articles included in the analysis. The findings were analysed thematically. Results and findings: The findings indicate that the vaccines analysed, the (i) Pfizer, (ii) Astra Zeneca, (iii) Johnson &, (iv) Moderna, can be categorised into two main levels, namely the mRNA vaccines and the carrier/ virus vector vaccines. The findings indicate that all the vaccines have a high efficacy index above the WHO threshold of 50% efficacy minimum. Pfizer has the highest efficacy based on the RCTs done at the manufacturing stage. Conclusion: In summary, the findings indicate the validity and value of vaccines in reducing the healthcare industry burden. The high efficacy levels on reducing the severity and hospitalisation needs allow for a reduced disease burden globally. Sensitisation is required for the global population base. Equally, more RCTs are required to test the efficacy of the existing vaccines against the emerging variants, such as the highly virulent delta variant
Radioactive Waste, the Last Battlefield of Science, Ethics and Law
Authors: Fumoto Hiromichi
Published: December 2021

Nuclear energy is bound to have a negative impact on the survival of human beings. Although scientists hoped to end all wars, the nuclear arms race resulted in huge amounts of warhead reserves throughout the globe. When we consider the effects of radiation exposure, a hostile attitude is common worldwide, mostly because there is no threshold in radiation exposure, and even a small degree of exposure would cause diseases. This attitude also resulted from the explosion of the atomic bomb, killing many people. The general public became worried about radiation exposure, which led to many lawsuits worldwide. In the United States of America, the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) at that time, reorganized as the Department of Energy (DOE) later, encountered a problem when a military plane carrying hydrogen bombs met an accident and crashed in Spain, resulting in contamination of the immediate area. The AEC had a policy in principle that countermeasures against radiation exposure should be as limited as possible. The management of man-made radiation varies from one country to another. Countries like the USA try to find rational and universal applications for human activities, while countries like Japan try to keep utilitarianism even after the Fukushima accident. In this paper, the history of the atomic bomb deployment will be reviewed again in light of its influence on the general public, especially in the context of radiation exposure. The world is gradually shifting in accepting nuclear energy as a part of Sustainable Development Goals' (SDGs) climate change solutions. However, radioactive waste is still a significant hurdle in transitioning from fossil fuel to nuclear energy. This study will analyze past events and determine how to proceed with the radiactive waste argument to obtain the general public's reasonable understanding and acceptance.
Is PTSD the New Normal? Survival Tips for Professional and the Value of Mindfulness
Authors: Owens Traci A
Published: December 2021

At the time of this publication the Corona Virus Resource Center at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine reports 4.8 million COVID-19 related fatalities. Every life lost leaves behind multiple lives mourning. Considering parents, spouses, partners, children, close relatives, and friends of those who succumbed to the pandemic, it is reasonable to extrapolate 4.8 million fatalities to 15-48 million people experiencing trauma, grief, and the mourning process related to the death of a loved one.
Are Registered Nurses Working in an Acute Care Environment Facing Burnout during the Covid-19 Pandemic?
Authors: Mitchell RN Abigail
Published: December 2021

Burnout has been an important and frequently discussed topic in nursing research even prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Most notably, burnout has previously been identified as one of the major stressors that Registered Nurses have left the acute care field, and now, the COVID-19 pandemic is adding to the already stressful typical workday of an acute care registered nurse. A pilot study was completed on a COVID telemetry unit at a suburban hospital.
Covid-19, Health Care in Ghana and the Fundamental Laws of Medical Science
Authors: Aboagye D Ayim
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of available research concerning covid-19 in Ghana. It presents challenges, measures from the health care delivery sector in the public health facilities. The article draws some strength from the fundamental laws of medicine as they aid to prepare the scientists in their combat against the novel Covid-19, its variants such as Delta and Omicron. Though the government has suffered economically from lockdowns and social interventions, its resilience efforts have been acclaimed to be successful and have to be emulated by other countries. The health care workers in Ghana's dissatisfaction with their jobs in these periods have not sidelined government efforts to lead and care for its citizens amid a pandemic.
Questionnaire to Assess Knowledge, Attitude, and Prevention Behaviors of Taiwanese Postpartum Women Regarding Postpartum Depression
Authors: Chiu Lin Li
Published: December 2021

Aim: Postpartum depression is a highly prevalent disorder, and it has been recognized as a public health problem. In Chinese culture, after childbirth, women must stay at home for postpartum confinement. However, more than 50% of postpartum women tend to experience depression symptoms 3–4 days after delivery. Although the prevention and causes of postpartum depression have been extensively studied, the assessment tools used are usually based on Western cultures. A Chinese-version assessment scale was necessary. The objective of this study was to develop a culturally sensitive questionnaire for assessing the knowledge, attitude, and prevention behaviors toward postpartum depression of Taiwanese women, and examined the associations among postpartum depression knowledge, attitude, and prevention. Methods: Two-phase study was conducted. First, a postpartum depression scale was developed and its reliability and validity were tested in 50 people. Second, 639 postpartum women from seven hospitals were asked to complete the questionnaire. Results: The questionnaire, which contained four subscales and 16 questions (Cronbach's α = .82–.84), was administered in the postpartum room and required 5–10 min for completion. This questionnaire showed face validity and high acceptance, the factor analysis showed that the questionnaire has acceptable structural reliability. High scores on the postpartum depression knowledge and attitude subscales were associated with higher prevention behavior subscale scores. Conclusion: The finding of this questionnaire is an effective tool for determining postpartum women’s understanding of postpartum depression. Understanding postpartum depression knowledge, attitude and prevention are essential to assess and promote the postnatal care
DETERMINATION OF BOUNDARY CONDITIONS FOR THE RADIATION PATTERN OF A MICROELECTRO-OPTICAL INTELLIGENT PASSIVE INFRARED MOTION DETECTOR
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Holovatskyy Ruslan , Lobur Mykhaylo ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2021

In this paper, a block diagram of a microelectro-optical intelligent passive infrared motion detector is proposed. On the basis of the proposed structural scheme and analytically conducted synthetic processing of information from primary sources [5-17], boundary conditions for the directivity diagram of such a detector are determined. The analytical information collected in this article will be necessary for further modeling in computer-aided design with a view to new developments and improvements to existing motion detectors.
Synerisis and Cycling Test the Sendok Leaf Extract Gel (Plantago Mayor L.) with Optimization of Variations of Gelling Agent Carbomer 940 Concentration
Authors: Yusuf A L , Nugraha D
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the concentration of the gelling agent Carbomer 940 on the gel of daun Leaf Extract (Plantago major L.). The method used is the experimental method. The extraction method used is maceration with 96% alcohol. The design in this study is the manufacture of a gel formulation of sendok Leaf extract (Plantago major L.) with the concentration of the gelling agent Carbomer 940 and the syneresis test. Syneresis test results show that all formulas do not occur syneresis. The results of the cycling test showed that the sendok Leaf (Plantago major L.) extract gel was not affected by storage temperature. The conclusion of this study shows the effect of variations in the concentration of the gelling agent Carbomer 940 on the quality of gel.
Factors Associated With Patient Waiting Time at a Medical Outpatient Clinic: A Case Study of University of Nairobi Health Services
Authors: Wafula (BSCN, MSCHSM) Rebecca Bisanju , Ayah (MBCHB, MSC, PHD) Dr. Richard
Published: December 2021

Background: Long waiting time in outpatient clinics is a constant challenge for patients and the health care providers. Prolonged waiting times are associated with poor adherence to treatment, missed appointment and failure or delay in initiation of treatment and is a major factor towards the perception of the patient towards the care received. Objective: To determine the waiting time and associated factors among out patients attending staff clinic at University of Nairobi health services. Method: A cross-sectional study design was used and data collected from 384 ambulatory patients over a period of four weeks using an interviewer administered pretested structured exit questionnaire with a time-tracking section. Simple random sampling was used to select respondents in a walk- in outpatient clinic set up. Data was cleaned and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 20. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), and cross tabulation was used to establish associations between the independent variable and dependent variables. Results: In total 384 patients were tracked and interviewed. The average patient waiting time was 55.3mins.Most respondents (52%) suggested that improving availability of staff at their stations would help to reduce patient waiting time. In this study, gender (P=0.005) and availability of doctors (p=0.000) were found to affect patient waiting time with women waiting longer than the male patients. Conclusion: Majority of the patients spent about an hour at the facility to be served. Inadequate number of health workers was the main cause of long waiting time.
System design of causality - the methodological premise of objectification forensic expert activity and criminological characteristics of crime
Authors: Mishalov Volodymyr , Voronov Viacheslav , Kostenko Evhen , Voichenko Valerii , Chykhman Yaroslava
Published: December 2021

The paper highlights aspects of the analysis of causality, which is professional tasks forensics and criminology. The necessity of clarifying logical and philosophical concepts about practical understanding of expert material objectification forensic expert and forensic characteristics of crimes. Exposed to examples of expert practice methodologically incorrect interpretation causes in traumatic processes studied forensic experts and criminologists controversial assessment of events and objects criminological characteristics of crime. Proved unity, connectivity attributes existence as ontological categories of causality, conditionality, cooperation in the forensic diagnosis of in odnozvenevyh and multilink chain models determinations. Showing conceptual differences and at the same time, the organic unity of the concepts of causes and conditions, and financial continuity between causal factors and result in a single causal determination. Rendered explain differences in structural and evolutionary models of deterministic relations and the formation of a complete model of reason in the causation traumatic process. Featured quantitative evaluation of news events and objects criminological characteristics of crime as rational supplement correlation analysis in forensic studies.
The analysis of single- and multi-discipline expert panel evidence in death investigations provided by Zhytomyr regional bureau of forensic medical examination from 2010 till 2014
Authors: Korotkevych Leonid , Zozulia Vitalii , Skubenko Anatolii
Published: December 2021

The article carries out a comprehensive review of single- and multi-discipline expert panel evidence in death investigations provided by Zhytomyr regional bureau of forensic medical examination over the last 5 years (from 2010 till 2014). The research establishes the statistical ratio of examinations of violent incidents with infliction of injuries involving death, traffic accidents, proceedings against medical practitioners for alleged medical negligence with the death of a patient under treatment, to the total number of single- and multi-discipline forensic medical examinations. It also provides the analysis and evaluation of medicolegal findings, establishes the motives for a judicial investigative authority to assign a forensic medical examination, as well as outlines the most common issues of forensic medical evidence assessment and application.
Pathways of Electoral Clientelism in University Student Elections in Ghana: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Busia Kwaku Abrefa , Amegah Alice , Arthur-Holmes Francis
Published: December 2021

Recent studies on student politics and governance have shown that electoral clientelism (EC) in university student elections is often facilitated by clientelist relations between student leaders and political parties. However, there is a dearth of empirical research investigating the various forms of electoral clientelism, as manifested through vote-buying practices in campus electoral politics in African universities. This article, therefore, investigates the multifaceted and changing dynamics of vote-buying in student electoral processes in Ghanaian universities. The study adopted a qualitative approach based on semi-structured interviews with 15 student leaders, 4 university staff working with student leadership, and 4 focus group interviews involving students at the University of Ghana and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology. From our finding, we argue that electoral clientelism takes place in five crucial ways in university student elections in Ghana. These include the provision of direct cash payments, exchanging electoral support for student government positions and appointments, provision of food and beverage consumables, award of student-related business contracts, and provision of educational materials and souvenirs.
The Development of Academic Advising to Enable Student Success in South Africa
Authors: Tiroyabone Gugu Wendy , Strydom Franҫois
Published: December 2021

Universities promote social justice by improving student success; a university degree is one of the most powerful tools to change the economic prospects of students, their families, and communities. For students to succeed, it is vital that they are connected to the wide range of support services in a meaningful way. Unfortunately, many students (especially first-generation students) find it difficult to connect to university environments that are complex and that are often not optimally coordinated. International and national research show that academic advising plays a critical role in improving student engagement and success by facilitating better coordination and integration of support. Academic advising provides students with relevant information, facilitates their conceptual understanding of the university, and allows students the opportunity to form a meaningful relationship with the institution through an advisor and by means of various advising initiatives. This paper shares international perspectives on the critical importance of academic advising for student success. Building on these perspectives, we reflect on the development of academic advising in South Africa and on its potential for enhancing student success in our context. We provide an institutional perspective by sharing the journey of the University of the Free State. In doing so, we show the positive impact of advising before and during the pandemic and we conclude with lessons for the future of academic advising in the South African context.
A Critical Review of the Adopted Academic Advising Approaches at the Durban University of Technology: Unpacking its Strengths and Challenges
Authors: Obaje Timothy , Jeawon Rosheena
Published: December 2021

This paper offers a critical review of the adopted academic advising strategies at the Durban University of Technology. It is worth acknowledging that academic advising as a scholarly practice is in its developmental stage at South African tertiary institutions. The paper draws on the experiences of the authors as academic advisors to reflect on the strengths and challenges of the practices of academic advising. It interrogates and analyses the authors’ experiences vis-a-vis the extant literature on academic advising practices. In this way, the paper engages and advances best practices while simultaneously contributing to the body of literature on academic advising in South Africa.
ОЦЕНКА СООТНОШЕНИЯ ПАРАМЕТРОВ КАЧЕСТВА ВОДЫ ВОДОИСТОЧНИКА ПРИ РАСЧЕТЕ ДОЗЫ ХЛОРА И СОДЕРЖАНИЯ ТРИГАЛОГЕНМЕТАНОВ В ПИТЬЕВОЙ ВОДЕ
Authors: Малкова Мария , Кантор Евгений , Минченков Никита , Куликова Анастасия
Published: December 2021

Проведена попытка оценки влияния параметров качества воды водоисточника (мутность, цветность, окисляемость) в величины дозы хлора и содержания тригалогенметанов в питьевой воде в периоды годового цикла (весна, лето, осень, зима). Установлено, что использование системы линейных алгебраических уравнений показывает, что в периоды годового цикла происходит перераспределение вклада исследуемых параметров в величины дозы хлора и содержания тригалогенметанов. В отличие от мутности и цветности, вклады которых могут принимать как положительные, так и отрицательные значения, окисляемость во всех случаях повышает значения рассчитываемых параметров.
Historiography of Science in South America
Authors: Condé Mauro L.
Published: December 2021

From the Editor
Los objetivos del desarrollo urbano sostenible en la Agenda 2030 y en las agendas urbanas europea y española
Authors: Menéndez Rexach Ángel
Published: December 2021

La Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible, aprobada por la ONU en 2015 formula 17 objetivos y 169 metas, que se presentan como una declaración de política general a escala mundial. El trabajo explica el significado y los objetivos de la Agenda, centrándose en el objetivo 11 (ciudades resilientes y sostenibles) y en su recepción y desarrollo posterior en la Nueva Agenda Urbana, aprobada por Naciones Unidas en 2016, así como en la Agenda Urbana de la Unión Europea y en la española. El trabajo concluye con unas reflexiones sobre el significado del concepto de desarrollo sostenible como principio jurídico.
Usufructo: efectos de su transmisión entre vivos con referencia a su embargo y subasta
Authors: Masci Belen
Published: December 2021

El usufructo es un derecho real que no ha permanecido estático con un perfil netamente asistencial, si no que por el contrario, el mismo ha adoptado un perfil también económico. Esta ampliación en su función económica social se ha traducido en la tendencia mayoritaria de las legislaciones modernas a flexibilizar la negociabilidad del usufructo  y alentar su transferencia.  Durante la vigencia del código velezano, la doctrina mayoritaria entendía que el usufructuario  tenía la facultad de  Ceder sólo el Ejercicio del Usufructo a un tercero. El Código Civil y Comercial de la Nación, en dicha marcada tendencia a promover su expansión en su utilidad y flexibilización, modificó dicha tradición jurídica permitiéndole expresamente al usufructuario, la Cesión del mismo Derecho Real de Usufructo a un tercero. Éste será precisamente el objeto de análisis del presente trabajo,  su transmisibilidad por actos entre vivos y sus consecuencias, en cuanto  al modo de efectivizar su embargo y ejecución forzada por parte de los acreedores del usufructuario transmitente, según se  entienda que se trata de la cesión del derecho o de su ejercicio.