bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Design of MHC Class II Tetramers to Accommodate Fundamental Principles of Antigen Presentation
Authors: Landais Elise , Romagnoli Pablo A. , Corper Adam L. , Shires John , Altman John D. , Wilson Ian A. , Garcia K. Christopher , Teyton Luc
Published: November 2009

Direct identification and isolation of Ag-specific T cells became possible with the development of MHC tetramers, based on fluorescent avidins displaying biotinylated peptide-MHC complexes. This approach, extensively used for MHC class I-restricted T cells, has met very limited success with class II peptide-MHC complex tetramers (pMHCT-2) for the detection of CD4+-specific T cells. In addition, a very large number of these reagents, although capable of specifically activating T cells after being coated on solid support, is still unable to stain. To try to understand this puzzle and design usable tetramers, we examined each parameter critical for the production of pMHCT-2 using the I-Ad-OVA system as a model. Through this process, the geometry of peptide-MHC display by avidin tetramers was examined, as well as the stability of rMHC molecules. However, we discovered that the most important factor limiting the reactivity of pMHCT-2 was the display of peptides. Indeed, long peptides, as presented by MHC class II molecules, can be bound to I-A/HLA-DQ molecules in more than one register, as suggested by structural studies. This mode of anchorless peptide binding allows the selection of a broader repertoire on single peptides and should favor anti-infectious immune responses. Thus, beyond the technical improvements that we propose, the redesign of pMHCT-2 will give us the tools to evaluate the real size of the CD4 T cell repertoire and help us in the production and testing of new vaccines.
Identity formation in the New Testament
Authors: Cromhout Markus
Published: November 2009

This article is a review of the book entitled Identity Formation in the New Testament (edited by Bengt Holmberg and Mikael Winninge, Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, 2008). It is a collection of various articles using intertextuality, literary theory (and social identity approaches), gender studies and postcolonial theory when investigating identity formation in the New Testament.
Low-Pass Filters and Scaling Functions for Multivariable Wavelets
Authors: Curry Eva
Published: November 2009

We show that a characterization of scaling functions for multiresolution analyses given by Hernández and Weiss and that a characterization of low-pass filters given by Gundy both hold for multivariable multiresolution analyses.
Monoidal Functors, Acyclic Models and Chain Operads
Authors: Guillén Santos F. , Navarro V. , Pascual P. , Roig Agustí
Published: November 2009

We prove that for a topological operad P the operad of oriented cubical singular chains, , and the operad of simplicial singular chains, S*(P), are weakly equivalent. As a consequence, is formal if and only if is formal, thus linking together some formality results which are spread out in the literature. The proof is based on an acyclic models theorem for monoidal functors. We give different variants of the acyclic models theorem and apply the contravariant case to study the cohomology theories for simplicial sets defined by R-simplicial differential graded algebras.
Quelques calculs de traces compactes et leurs transformées de Satake
Authors: Nguyen-Chu G.-V.
Published: November 2009

On calcule les restrictions à l’algèbre de Hecke sphérique des traces tordues compactes d’un ensemble de représentations explicitement construites du groupe GL(N, F), où F est un corps p-adique. Ces calculs résolve en particulier une question posée dans un article précédent du mˆeme auteur.
Local Bounds for Torsion Points on Abelian Varieties
Authors: Clark Pete L. , Xarles Xavier
Published: November 2009

We say that an abelian variety over ap-adic fieldKhas anisotropic reduction (AR) if the special fiber of its Néronminimal model does not contain a nontrivial split torus. This includes all abelian varieties with potentially good reduction and, in particular, those with complex or quaternionic multiplication. We give a bound for the size of theK-rational torsion subgroup of ag-dimensional AR variety depending only ongand the numerical invariants ofK(the absolute ramification index and the cardinality of the residue field). Applying these bounds to abelian varieties over a number field with everywhere locally anisotropic reduction, we get bounds which, as a function ofg, are close to optimal. In particular, we determine the possible cardinalities of the torsion subgroup of an AR abelian surface over the rational numbers, up to a set of 11 values which are not known to occur. The largest such value is 72.
Endomorphisms of Kronecker Modules Regulated by Quadratic Algebra Extensions of a Function Field
Authors: Okoh F. , Zorzitto F.
Published: November 2009

The Kronecker modules , where m is a positive integer, h is a height function, and α is a K-linear functional on the space K(X) of rational functions in one variable X over an algebraically closed field K, aremodels for the family of all torsion-free rank-2 modules that are extensions of finite-dimensional rank-1 modules. Every such module comes with a regulating polynomial f in K(X)[Y]. When the endomorphism algebra of is commutative and non-trivial, the regulator f must be quadratic in Y. If f has one repeated root in K(X), the endomorphismalgebra is the trivial extension for some vector space S. If f has distinct roots in K(X), then the endomorphisms forma structure that we call a bridge. These include the coordinate rings of some curves. Regardless of the number of roots in the regulator, those End that are domains have zero radical. In addition, each semi-local End must be either a trivial extension or the product K × K.
Isometric Group Actions on Hilbert Spaces: Structure of Orbits
Authors: de Cornulier Yves , Tessera Romain , Valette Alain
Published: November 2009

Our main result is that a finitely generated nilpotent group has no isometric action on an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space with dense orbits. In contrast, we construct such an action with a finitely generated metabelian group.
Adjacency Preserving Maps on Hermitian Matrices
Authors: Huang Wen-ling , Šemrl Peter
Published: November 2009

Hua’s fundamental theorem of the geometry of hermitian matrices characterizes bijective maps on the space of all n×n hermitianmatrices preserving adjacency in both directions. The problem of possible improvements has been open for a while. There are three natural problems here. Do we need the bijectivity assumption? Can we replace the assumption of preserving adjacency in both directions by the weaker assumption of preserving adjacency in one direction only? Can we obtain such a characterization formaps acting between the spaces of hermitian matrices of different sizes? We answer all three questions for the complex hermitian matrices, thus obtaining the optimal structural result for adjacency preserving maps on hermitian matrices over the complex field.
Hölder Compactification for Some Manifolds with Pinched Negative Curvature Near Infinity
Authors: Bahuaud Eric , Marsh Tracey
Published: November 2009

We consider a complete noncompact Riemannian manifold M and give conditions on a compact submanifold K ⊂ M so that the outward normal exponential map off the boundary of K is a diffeomorphism onto M\K. We use this to compactify M and show that pinched negative sectional curvature outside K implies M has a compactification with a well-defined Hölder structure independent of K. The Hölder constant depends on the ratio of the curvature pinching. This extends and generalizes a 1985 result of Anderson and Schoen.
CR Extension from Manifolds of Higher Type
Authors: Baracco Luca , Zampieri Giuseppe
Published: November 2009

This paper deals with the extension of CR functions fromamanifold M ⊂ ℂn into directions produced by higher order commutators of holomorphic and antiholomorphic vector fields. It uses the theory of complex “sectors” attached to real submanifolds introduced in recent joint work of the authors with D. Zaitsev. In addition, it develops a new technique of approximation of sectors by smooth discs.
Theta Lifts of Tempered Representations for Dual Pairs (Sp2n,O(V))
Authors: Muić Goran
Published: November 2009

This paper is the continuation of our previous work on the explicit determination of the structure of theta lifts for dual pairs (Sp2n,O(V)) over a non-archimedean field F of characteristic different than 2, where n is the split rank of Sp2n and the dimension of the space V (over F) is even. We determine the structure of theta lifts of tempered representations in terms of theta lifts of representations in discrete series.
High throughput synthesis and screening of new protein resistant surfaces for membrane filtration
Authors: Zhou Mingyan , Liu Hongwei , Kilduff James E. , Langer Robert , Anderson Daniel G. , Belfort Georges
Published: November 2009

A novel high throughput method for synthesis and screening of customized protein‐resistant surfaces was developed. This method is an inexpensive, fast, reproducible and scalable approach to synthesize and screen protein‐resistance surfaces appropriate for a specific feed. The method is illustrated here by combining a high throughput platform (HTP) approach together with our patented photo‐induced graft polymerization (PGP) method developed for facile modification of commercial poly(aryl sulfone) membranes. This new HTP‐PGP method was validated by comparison with our previous published results obtained using a bench‐scale filtration assay of six well‐studied monomers. Optimally‐performing surfaces for resisting a model protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA), were identified from a library of 66 monomers. Surfaces were prepared via graft polymerization onto poly(ether sulfone) (PES) membranes and were evaluated using a protein adsorption assay followed by pressure‐driven filtration. Bench‐scale verification was conducted for selected monomers using HTP‐PGP method; a good correlation with HTP‐PGP results was found. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
A systematic association mapping on chromosome 6q in bipolar affective disorder—evidence for the melanin‐concentrating‐hormone‐receptor‐2 gene as a risk factor for bipolar affective disorder
Authors: Abou Jamra Rami , Schulze Thomas G. , Becker Tim , Brockschmidt Felix F. , Green Elaine , Alblas Margrieta A. , Wendland Jens R. , Adli Mazda , Grozeva Detelina , Strohmeier Jana , Georgi Alexander , Craddock Nick , Propping Peter , Rietschel Marcella , Nöthen Markus M. , Cichon Sven , Schumacher Johannes
Published: November 2009

Strong evidence of linkage between chromosomal region 6q16‐q22 and bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) has previously been reported. We conducted a systematic association mapping of the 6q‐linkage interval using 617 SNP markers in a BPAD case–control sample of German descent (cases = 330, controls = 325). In this screening step, 46 SNPs showed nominally significant BPAD‐association (P‐values between 0.0007 and 0.0484). Although none of the 46 SNPs survived correction for multiple testing, they were genotyped in a second and ethnically matched BPAD sample (cases = 328, controls = 397). At the melanin‐concentrating‐hormone‐receptor‐2 (MCHR2) gene, we found nominal association in both the initial and second BPAD samples (combined P = 0.008). This finding was followed up by the genotyping of 17 additional MCHR2‐SNPs in the combined sample in order to define our findings more precisely. We found that the MCHR2‐locus can be divided into three different haplotype‐blocks, and observed that the MCHR2‐association was most pronounced in BPAD male patients with psychotic symptoms. In two neighboring blocks, putative risk‐haplotypes were found to be 7% more frequent in patients (block II: 23.3% vs. 16.2%, P = 0.005, block III: 39.2% vs. 32.0%, P = 0.024), whereas the putative protective haplotypes were found to be 5–8% less frequent in patients (block II: 11.6% vs. 16.4%, P = 0.041, block III: 30.0% vs. 38.8%, P = 0.007). The corresponding odds ratios (single‐marker analysis) ranged between 1.25 and 1.46. Our findings may indicate that MCHR2 is a putative risk factor for BPAD. These findings should be interpreted with caution and replicated in independent BPAD samples. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Experimentally generated footprints in sand: Analysis and consequences for the interpretation of fossil and forensic footprints
Authors: D'Août K. , Meert L. , Van Gheluwe B. , De Clercq D. , Aerts P.
Published: November 2009

Fossilized footprints contain information about the dynamics of gait, but their interpretation is difficult, as they are the combined result of foot anatomy, gait dynamics, and substrate properties. We explore how footprints are generated in modern humans. Sixteen healthy subjects walked on a solid surface and in a layer of fine‐grained sand. In each condition, 3D kinematics of the leg and foot were analyzed for three trials at preferred speed, using an infrared camera system. Additionally, calibrated plantar pressures were recorded. After each trial in sand, the depth of the imprint was measured under specific sites. When walking in sand, subjects showed greater toe clearance during swing and a 7° higher knee yield during stance. Maximal pressure was the most influential factor for footprint depth under the heel. For other foot zones, a combination of factors correlates with imprint depth, with pressure impulse (the pressure‐time integral) gaining importance distally, at the metatarsal heads and the hallux. We conclude that footprint topology cannot be related to a single variable, but that different zones of the footprint reflect different aspects of the kinesiology of walking. Therefore, an integrated approach, combining anatomical, kinesiological, and substrate‐mechanical insights, is necessary for a correct interpretation. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Are the gorillas in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park “true” mountain gorillas?
Authors: Elgart Alison A.
Published: November 2009

The gorillas that inhabit Bwindi Impenetrable National Park in Uganda are the least known of the eastern gorillas. Because they are an allopatric population living a minimum of 25 km from the well‐studied population of mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei) in Rwanda and have certain morphological and ecological differences from these gorillas, their taxonomic status has been in question in recent years. This study presents new craniodental metrics from Bwindi individuals and compares them to Virunga individuals as well as to eastern lowland gorillas, G. gorilla graueri. Multivariate statistics, including MANCOVA, least‐squares, regression, and principal components analyses, were used to evaluate how closely the Bwindi crania resemble the Virunga crania and how both relate to G. g. graueri. Results indicate that the Bwindi gorillas have generally smaller crania than the Virunga gorillas, but when metrics are log‐transformed, the only variable that distinguishes the Bwindi individuals is a longer face. When both populations are compared to G. g. graueri, they cluster together separately from the eastern lowland gorillas, sharing such features as higher rami, wider bigonia, longer mandibles, and wider and shorter mandibular symphyses in relation to G. g. graueri. Functional morphological explanations for these differences are discussed, but lacking measurements of the physical properties of G. g. graueri, they cannot fully be explained. Results clearly indicate that at least pertaining to the cranium, upon which most gorilla taxonomy is based, the Bwindi gorillas are proper mountain gorillas (G. b. beringei). Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Diet reconstruction in antebellum Baltimore: Insights from dental microwear analysis
Authors: Ma Peter H. , Teaford Mark F.
Published: November 2009

Construction in the City of Baltimore during 1996 led to the recovery of human skeletal remains dating from 1792 to 1856. Historical research indicates that the skeletal remains come from two adjacent graveyards: Christ's Church Episcopalian Cemetery and the Potters Field East. The different socioeconomic status of the internees in each cemetery suggests the possibility of marked contrasts in lifestyle, health, and diet. To shed further light on these possibilities, analyses of microscopic wear patterns on teeth, or dental microwear analyses, were undertaken. A sample from Spanish Florida was used to help interpret the results. Epoxy casts of incisor and molar teeth were placed in an SEM and photomicrographs of clean wear facets were taken. The photomicrographs were digitized using the software package Microware 4.02. Statistical analyses of rank transformed data consisted of single‐factor ANOVA, followed by post hoc tests. No significant differences were found between Christ's Church and Potters Field East samples for any of the variables examined in either molar or incisor teeth. However, differences between each Baltimore sample and the La Florida samples give suggestions of possible diet differences in antebellum Baltimore. The mosaic of differences between the Baltimore and La Florida samples probably reflects the wide variety of foods available to antebellum Baltimoreans as well as the relative lack of abrasives in their diet. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mitochondrial DNA patterns in the Macaronesia islands: Variation within and among archipelagos
Authors: Santos Cristina , Fregel Rosa , Cabrera Vincente M. , González Ana M. , Larruga José M. , Lima Manuela
Published: November 2009

Macaronesia covers four Atlantic archipelagos: the Azores, Madeira, the Canary Islands, and the Cape Verde islands. When discovered by Europeans in the 15th century, only the Canaries were inhabited. Historical reports highlight the impact of Iberians on settlement in Macaronesia. Although important differences in their settlement are documented, its influence on their genetic structures and relationships has yet to be ascertained. In this study, the hypervariable region I (HVRI) sequence and coding region polymorphisms of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in 623 individuals from the Azores (120) and Canary Islands (503) were analyzed. Combined with published data, these give a total of 1,542 haplotypes from Macaronesia and 1,067 from the Iberian Peninsula. The results obtained indicate that Cape Verde is the most distinctive archipelago, with an mtDNA pool composed almost exclusively of African lineages. However, the other archipelagos present an mtDNA profile dominated by the presence of West‐Eurasian mtDNA haplogroups with African lineages present in varying proportions. Moreover, no signs of integration of typical Canarian U6 lineages in the other archipelagos were detected. The four Macaronesia archipelagos currently have differentiated genetic profiles, and the Azores present the highest intra‐archipelago differentiation and the lowest values of diversity. The analyses performed show that the present‐day genetic profile of the Macaronesian archipelagos was mainly determined by the initial process of settlement and further microdifferentiation probably as a consequence of the small population size of some islands. Moreover, contacts between archipelagos seem to have had a low impact on the mtDNA genetic pool of each archipelago. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Brief communication: Bone remodeling rates in Pleistocene humans are not slower than the rates observed in modern populations: A reexamination of Abbott et al. (1996)
Authors: Streeter Margaret , Stout Sam , Trinkaus Erik , Burr David
Published: November 2009

Bone histomorphometry has been applied to the lower limb cortical bone of Pleistocene humans to establish age at death and to determine bone remodeling rates (Abbott et al.: Am J Phys Anthropol 226 (1996) 307–313). Both of these procedures require the determination of osteon density and mean osteon size. Previous analyses of Middle and Late Pleistocene human lower limb bones have produced bone remodeling rates that are slower than those determined in a more recent archeological sample. Recalculation of the data reported in Abbott et al.: Am J Phys Anthropol 226 (1996) 307–313) has revealed mathematical errors in the remodeling rates reported for the Pleistocene humans. The corrected remodeling rates for the Pleistocene group are similar to the values obtained in the more recent comparative sample. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Population‐specific deviations of global human craniometric variation from a neutral model
Authors: Relethford John H.
Published: November 2009

Past studies have revealed that much of human craniometric variation follows a neutral model of population relationships. At the same time, there is evidence for the influence of natural selection in having shaped some global diversity in craniometrics. In order to partition these effects, and to explore other potential population‐specific influences, this article analyzes residuals of craniometric distances from a geographically based neutral model of population structure. W.W. Howells' global craniometric data set was used for these analyses, consisting of 57 measurements for 22 populations around the world, excluding Polynesia and Micronesia because of the relatively recent settlement of these regions. Phenotypic and geographic distances were derived between all pairs of populations. Three‐dimensional multidimensional scaling configurations were obtained for both distance matrices, and compared using a Procrustes rotation method to show which populations do not fit the geographic model. This analysis revealed three major deviations: the Buriat, Greenland Inuit, and Peru. The deviations of the Buriat and Greenland Inuit appear to be related to long‐term adaptation to cold environments. The Peruvian sample is more similar to other New World populations than expected based on geographic distance alone. This deviation likely reflects the evolutionarily recent movement of human populations into South America, such that these populations are further from genetic equilibrium. This same pattern is seen in South American populations in a comparative analysis of classical genetic markers, but not in a comparative analysis of STR loci, perhaps reflecting the higher mutation rate for the latter. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Oval in males and triangular in females? A quantitative evaluation of sexual dimorphism in the human obturator foramen
Authors: Bierry Guillaume , Le Minor Jean‐Marie , Schmittbuhl Mathieu
Published: November 2009

Among the numerous pelvic traits presenting sex differences, the obturator foramen is classically described as being oval in males and triangular in females. However, no demonstrations or detailed studies seem available in the literature. The purpose of this work was to study quantitatively this trait using Fourier analysis, because this methodological approach is particularly well adapted for discrimination between different simple shapes. Using this approach, an outline can be characterized by a series of harmonics (1 ton), each defined by two Fourier descriptors: amplitude (Cn), describing the relative importance of the harmonic contribution to the original shape, and phase (Φn), representing the orientation of the harmonic contribution. The material consisted of 104 three‐dimensional CT reconstructions of adult pelves (52 males and 52 females). After size normalization, the outlines of the 104 left obturator foramens were studied. Significant differences were demonstrated with, in total, 84.6% of individuals presenting a correct inferred sex. The most discriminating descriptors were the phase of the second harmonic (C2),related to the oval (or elliptic) aspect and thus the elongation of the shape, and the amplitude of the third harmonic (Φ3), describing the triangularity of the shape. Because the trend for an outline to be more or less oval or triangular is difficult to visually assess and because there is an infinite number of transitional shapes, only a precise quantitative approach such as Fourier analysis allows for unambiguous characterization and statistical analysis. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Use of electronic anatomy practical examinations for remediating “at risk” students
Authors: Daly Frank J.
Published: November 2009

Restrictive laboratory scheduling, an increasing number of human cadaver‐based anatomy courses and a reduction in the curricular time allotted to anatomy courses have created problems with cadaver laboratory access at the University of New England. This article describes a combination of anatomy testing and grading strategies to allow “at risk” (borderline failing) students an opportunity to remediate their lowest set of examination scores and pass their anatomy course. An alternative electronic practical examination for these students provided flexibility in laboratory scheduling, thereby increasing laboratory access for other students taking concurrent courses. Specifically, the electronic examinations allowed for a reduction in the amount of time the cadaver laboratory is locked down for examination purposes. Masters‐level occupational therapy (MOT) students, physician assistant students (MPA), and doctoral level physical therapy (DPT) students participated in a prosection‐based human cadaver laboratory and take cadaver‐based practical examinations as part of their anatomy course. Students who were not performing at a passing level for their curriculum (69.5% for MOT and MPA, 79.5% for DPT) were given an opportunity to remediate their lowest set of multiple choice and practical examinations using the previous year's multiple choice examination and a new electronic practical examination. When the original cadaver‐based practical and multiple choice examination scores were replaced with the remedial electronic practical examination and remedial multiple choice examination scores, 75% (24/32) of these students were able to successfully remediate their academic deficiencies and pass their anatomy course. Anat Sci Educ 3:46–49, 2010. © 2009 American Association of Anatomists.
Journal maps on the basis of Scopus data: A comparison with the Journal Citation Reports of the ISI
Authors: Leydesdorff Loet , de Moya‐Anegón Félix , Guerrero‐Bote Vicente P.
Published: November 2009

Using the Scopus dataset (1996–2007) a grand matrix of aggregated journal‐journal citations was constructed. This matrix can be compared in terms of the network structures with the matrix contained in the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) of the Institute of Scientific Information (ISI). Because the Scopus database contains a larger number of journals and covers the humanities, one would expect richer maps. However, the matrix is in this case sparser than in the case of the ISI data. This is because of (a) the larger number of journals covered by Scopus and (b) the historical record of citations older than 10 years contained in the ISI database. When the data is highly structured, as in the case of large journals, the maps are comparable, although one may have to vary a threshold (because of the differences in densities). In the case of interdisciplinary journals and journals in the social sciences and humanities, the new database does not add a lot to what is possible with the ISI databases.
Purification of the two major proteins from whey concentrate using a cation‐exchange selective adsorption process
Authors: El‐Sayed Mayyada M. H. , Chase Howard A.
Published: November 2009

The packed‐bed adsorption and elution of aqueous solutions of whey concentrate powders were investigated at pH 3.7 using a 5‐mL SP Sepharose FF column to separate and isolate two major proteins namely, α‐lactalbumin (ALA) and β‐lactoglobulin (BLG) from these solutions. ALA displaced and eluted BLG from the column in a pure form. Pure ALA could then be eluted with good recovery. A novel consecutive two‐stage separation process was developed to separate ALA and BLG from whey concentrate mixtures. Almost all of the BLG in the feed was recovered, with 78% being recovered at 95% purity and a further 20% at 86% purity. In addition, 67% of ALA was recovered, 48% at 54% purity and 19% at 60% purity. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010
Design and characterization of a prototype enzyme microreactor: Quantification of immobilized transketolase kinetics
Authors: Matosevic S. , Lye G. J. , Baganz F.
Published: November 2009

In this work, we describe the design of an immobilized enzyme microreactor (IEMR) for use in transketolase (TK) bioconversion process characterization. The prototype microreactor is based on a 200‐μm ID fused silica capillary for quantitative kinetic analysis. The concept is based on the reversible immobilization of His6‐tagged enzymes via Ni‐NTA linkage to surface derivatized silica. For the initial microreactor design, the mode of operation is a stop‐flow analysis which promotes higher degrees of conversion. Kinetics for the immobilized TK‐catalysed synthesis of L‐erythrulose from substrates glycolaldehyde (GA) and hydroxypyruvate (HPA) were evaluated based on a Michaelis–Menten model. Results show that the TK kinetic parameters in the IEMR (Vmax(app) = 0.1 ± 0.02 mmol min–1, Km(app) = 26 ± 4 mM) are comparable with those measured in free solution. Furthermore, the kcat for the microreactor of 4.1 × 105 s−1 was close to the value for the bioconversion in free solution. This is attributed to the controlled orientation and monolayer surface coverage of the His6‐immobilized TK. Furthermore, we show quantitative elution of the immobilized TK and the regeneration and reuse of the derivatized capillary over five cycles. The ability to quantify kinetic parameters of engineered enzymes at this scale has benefits for the rapid and parallel evaluation of evolved enzyme libraries for synthetic biology applications and for the generation of kinetic models to aid bioconversion process design and bioreactor selection as a more efficient alternative to previously established microwell‐based systems for TK bioprocess characterization. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010
Large scale demonstration of a process analytical technology application in bioprocessing: Use of on‐line high performance liquid chromatography for making real time pooling decisions for process chromatography
Authors: Rathore Anurag S. , Parr Lilly , Dermawan Shinta , Lawson Ken , Lu Yuefeng
Published: November 2009

Process Analytical Technology (PAT) has been gaining a lot of momentum in the biopharmaceutical community because of the potential for continuous real time quality assurance resulting in improved operational control and compliance. In previous publications, we have demonstrated feasibility of applications involving use of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) for real‐time pooling of process chromatography column. In this article we follow a similar approach to perform lab studies and create a model for a chromatography step of a different modality (hydrophobic interaction chromatography). It is seen that the predictions of the model compare well to actual experimental data, demonstrating the usefulness of the approach across the different modes of chromatography. Also, use of online HPLC when the step is scaled up to pilot scale (a 2294 fold scale‐up from a 3.4 mL column in the lab to a 7.8 L column in the pilot plant) and eventually to manufacturing scale (a 45930 fold scale‐up from a 3.4 mL column in the lab to a 158 L column in the manufacturing plant) is examined. Overall, the results confirm that for the application under consideration, online‐HPLC offers a feasible approach for analysis that can facilitate real‐time decisions for column pooling based on product quality attributes. The observations demonstrate that the proposed analytical scheme allows us to meet two of the key goals that have been outlined for PAT, i.e., “variability is managed by the process” and “product quality attributes can be accurately and reliably predicted over the design space established for materials used, process parameters, manufacturing, environmental, and other conditions”. The application presented here can be extended to other modes of process chromatography and/or HPLC analysis. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010
ChemInform Abstract: Maximizing the Localized Relaxation: The Origin of the Outstanding Oxygen Storage Capacity of ϰ‐Ce2Zr2O8
Authors: Wang Hai‐Feng , Guo Yang‐Long , Lu Guan‐Zhong , Hu P.
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Determination of Structure and Phase Transition of Light Element Nanocomposites in Mesoporous Silica: Case Study of NH3BH3 in MCM‐41.
Authors: Kim Hyunjeong , Karkamkar Abhi , Autrey Tom , Chupas Peter , Proffen Thomas
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Photoluminescence of Zn2SnO4 Nanowires.
Authors: Hu Q. R. , Jiang P. , Xu H. , Zhang Y. , Wang S. L. , Jia X. , Tang W. H.
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Hexagonal LMn6Sn4Ge2 Investigated by Neutron Diffraction and 119Sn Moessbauer Spectroscopy (L: Tb, Ho, Lu).
Authors: Venturini G. , Malaman B. , Perry Laura K. , Ryan D. H.
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Phase Transformations of Mg3N2 at High Pressure: Experimental and Theoretical Studies.
Authors: Cui Qiliang , et al. et al.
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enhanced Sulfur and Coking Tolerance of a Mixed Ion Conductor for SOFCs: BaZr0.1Ce0.7Y0.2‐xYbx O3‐δ.
Authors: Yang Lei , Wang Shizhong , Blinn Kevin , Liu Mingfei , Liu Ze , Cheng Zhe , Liu Meilin
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Low‐Temperature Preparation of Boron‐Doped Titania by Hydrothermal Method and Its Photocatalytic Activity.
Authors: Xu Jingjing , Ao Yanhui , Chen Mindong , Fu Degang
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrothermal Synthesis of Monosized Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 Spherical Particles under Low Alkaline Solution Concentration.
Authors: Liu Yunfei , Lu Yinong , Dai Shenhua
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure, Magnetism, and Ionic Conductivity of the Gigantic {Mo176}‐Wheel Assembly: Na15Fe3Co16 [Mo176O528H3(H2O)80] Cl27·450H2O.
Authors: Imai Hiroyuki , Akutagawa Tomoyuki , Kudo Fumito , Ito Mitsuhiro , Toyoda Kazuhiro , Noro Shin‐ichiro , Cronin Leroy , Nakamura Takayoshi
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Rare Sandwich‐Type Polyoxomolybdates Constructed from Di‐/Tetra‐Nuclear Transition‐Metal Clusters and Trivacant Keggin Germanomolybdate Fragments.
Authors: Li Suzhi , Zhao Junwei , Ma Pengtao , Du Juan , Niu Jingyang , Wang Jingping
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Carboamination of Alkenes Promoted by N‐Fluorobenzenesulfonimide via C—H Activation of Arenes.
Authors: Rosewall Carolyn F. , Sibbald Paul A. , Liskin Dmitry V. , Michael Forrest E.
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐Butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium Hydrogen Sulfate [bmim]HSO4: An Efficient Reusable Acidic Ionic Liquid for the Formylation of Alcohols.
Authors: Niknam Khodabaksh , Zolfigol Mohammad Ali , Saberi Dariush , Khonbazi Mahdi
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Silica‐Bonded N‐Propyl Sulfamic Acid as an Efficient Catalyst for the Formylation and Acetylation of Alcohols and Amines under Heterogeneous Conditions.
Authors: Niknam Khodabakhsh , Saberi Dariush
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Passerini Reaction with CF3‐Carbonyl Compounds — Multicomponent Approach to Trifluoromethyl Depsipeptides.
Authors: Gulevich Anton V. , Shpilevaya Inga V. , Nenajdenko Valentine G.
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient CuCN‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Optically Active 2,3‐Allenols from Optically Active 1‐Substituted 4‐Chloro‐2‐butyn‐1‐ols.
Authors: Li Jing , Kong Wangqing , Fu Chunling , Ma Shengming
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1‐Bromo‐3‐butyn‐2‐one and 1,3‐Dibromo‐3‐buten‐2‐one.
Authors: Mekonnen Alemayehu , Westerlund Andreas , Havelkova Martina , Descomps Alexandre , Carlson Rolf
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparations and Reactions of 2‐Trifluoromethylketenimines.
Authors: Katagiri Toshimasa , Handa Michiharu , Asano Hiroyuki , Asanuma Teppei , Mori Tomohiro , Jukurogi Tatsuya , Uneyama Kenji
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Intermolecular Cyclopropanation of Alkenes by Diazoketones Catalyzed by Halterman Iron Porphyrins.
Authors: Nicolas Irene , Roisnel Thierry , Le Maux Paul , Simonneaux Gerard
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Addition of Terminal Alkynes to N‐(Diphenylphosphinoyl)imines Promoted by Stoichiometric Amounts of a Proline‐Derived β‐Amino Alcohol.
Authors: Yan Wenjin , Mao Bin , Zhu Shaoqun , Jiang Xianxing , Liu Zhongli , Wang Rui
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,1′‐Binaphthyldiamine‐Based Lewis Bases as Readily Available and Efficient Organocatalysts for the Reduction of N‐Aryl and N‐Alkyl Ketimines.
Authors: Guizzetti Stefania , Benaglia Maurizio , Celentano Giuseppe
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Generation of Vicinal Bromoazides from Olefins Using TMSN3 and TsNBr2 Without any Catalyst.
Authors: Saikia Indranirekha , Phukan Prodeep
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Approach to Alkoxy‐β‐(trifluoromethyl)styrenes and Their Application in the Synthesis of New Trifluoromethylated Heterocycles.
Authors: Muzalevskiy Vasiliy M. , Nenajdenko Valentine G. , Shastin Aleksey V. , Balenkova Elizabeth S. , Haufe Guenter
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis of β‐Fluoro‐α,β‐unsaturated Ketones by the Reaction of β‐Diketones with DFMBA.
Authors: Sano Keisuke , Fukuhara Tsuyoshi , Hara Shoji
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Chemoselective Copper‐Catalyzed Amination of o‐Chloro and o‐Bromobenzoic Acids Using Aromatic Amines under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Sarrafi Yaghoub , Mohadeszadeh Manijeh , Alimohammadi Kamal
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Matching and Mismatching Effects of Hybrid Chiral Biaxial Bisphosphine Ligands in Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Ketoesters.
Authors: Sun Xianfeng , Li Wei , Zhou Le , Zhang Xumu
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: P(i‐PrNCH2CH2)3N as a Lewis Base Catalyst for the Synthesis of β‐Hydroxynitriles Using TMSAN.
Authors: Wadhwa Kuldeep , Verkade John G.
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile and Practical One‐Pot “Catch and Release” Synthesis of Substituted Guanidines.
Authors: Wang Ying , Sauer Daryl R. , Djuric Stevan W.
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Kumada Cross‐Coupling of Aryl Grignard Reagents with Aryl Halides Catalyzed by an Immobilized Nickel Catalyst.
Authors: Chen Xiaofang , Wang Lei , Liu Jie
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydroxyphosphine Ligand for Nickel‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Through Nickel/Magnesium Bimetallic Cooperation.
Authors: Yoshikai Naohiko , Matsuda Hirokazu , Nakamura Eiichi
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.