bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPROVING EFL NON-ENGLISH TEACHERS IN TEACHER TALK ABILITY THROUGH TEACHERS’ TRAINING AT SD TUNAS GLOBAL
Authors: Handayani Dini
Published: June 2021

Foreign curriculum in Indonesia schools become more in demand. The schools facilitate the teachers with the students’ book written in English. The teachers must be able to deliver the lesson into the correct English that is specifically made and used in the classroom. Not all the teachers know that English for teaching is different from daily English. Since SD Tunas Global combined the new curriculum from the Cambridge in the education year 2020-2021 with the goverment curriculum, the needs of using English inside and outside the classroom is a must. Phenomena which were often appeared from the observation were teachers often used mother-tongue language; Bahasa Indonesia and they tend to directly translate Bahasa Indonesia into English without knowing whether the language was proper English to use in teaching. Techer talk is the sentences and expressions that can be used both inside and outside classroom. The data were taken from the interview, observation and the result from the test. This research employed qualitative and quantative method.
BERMAIN PERAN UNTUK OPTIMALISASI KEPERCAYAAN DIRI MAHASISWA CALON GURU PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Lestari Tri , Nahadi Nahadi , Solihati Elis
Published: June 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji keefektifan bermain peran dalam mengoptimalkan percaya diri calon guru PAUD. Percaya diri menjadi aspek penting bagi mahasiswa calon guru PAUD dengan memberikan stimulus melalui bermain peran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode single case experiment, analisis statistika deskriptif pada implementasi main peran dalam proses pembelajaran kelompok belajar 5 orang mahasiswa pada pendidikan calon guru di Kota Tasikmalaya yang dilakukan setiap satu minggu sekali, sebanyak 9 pertemuan. Intervensi dilakukan oleh 2 orang fasilitator. Hasil penelitian secara umum melaporkan bahwa partisipasi lima orang mahasiswa dalam aktivitas bermain peran memiliki kategori sangat baik, begitupun dengan keadaan kepercayaan diri mahasiswa dengan kondisi sangat baik. Tingkat keefektifan ditunjukkan oleh selisih persentase peningkatan pada partisipasi dan kepercayan diri masing-masing mahasiswa calon guru PAUD yakni MH1 awal memiliki kepercayaan diri kategori kurang menjadi kategori sangat baik; MH2 memiliki kategori cukup menjadi kategori sangat baik; MH3 memiliki kategori cukup menjadi kategori sangat baik; MH4 memiliki kategori cukup menjadi kategori sangat baik; MH5 skor kategori cukup menjadi kategori sangat baik. Kesimpulan berdasarkan peningkatan skor kepercayaan diri mahasiswa tersebut, metode bermain peran ini layak dijadikan sebagai intervensi optimalisasi pembelajaran mahasiwa dalam meningkatkan kepercayaan dirinya.

 

The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of role playing in optimizing the confidence of prospective Early Childhood Teachers. Confidence is an important aspect for prospective early childhood teacher because it is needed when they become real teachers. This study is a single case experiment which implement role playing in the learning process of a study group of 5 students in the education of prospective teachers in the City of Tasikmalaya. The role-playing implementation was carried out once a week by two facilitators, as many as 9 meetings. The gathered data was analysed using descriptive statistical analysis. The findings showed that generally the participation of five students in role-playing activities was in a very good category, as well as the state of student self-confidence in very good condition. The level of effectiveness was indicated by the difference in percentage increase in participation and confidence of each early childhood teacher candidates i.e. at the beginning, MH1 was less confidence but after the completion of role playing implementation process he showed to be on the excellent category. Based on the results, it can be concluded that role playing method can be used as an intervention to optimize student learning in improving their confidence.
Market Basket Analysis Menggunakan Algoritma Apriori: Kasus Transaksi 212 Mart Soebrantas Pekanbaru
Authors: Rizaldi Deni , Adnan Arisman
Published: June 2021

Market Basket Analysis (MBA) merupakan salah satu teknik penemuan aturan asosiasi dalam data mining. MBA memanfaatkan data transaksi pada suatu toko untuk menentukan strategi penjualan. Konsep utama analisis ini adalah menentukan barang yang dibeli secara bersamaan oleh konsumen. Penentuan asosiasi dalam MBA berdasarkan kriteria minimum support dan confidence. Penelitian ini menggunakan algoritma apriori untuk data transaksi 212 Mart Soebrantas Pekanbaru periode Januari-Desember 2020. Algoritma apriori merupakan algoritma yang efisien untuk menentukan kandidat aturan asosiasi pada data dengan jumlah besar. Aturan asosiasi yang akan dibangkitkan adalah aturan asosiasi antar kelompok item dan asosiasi antar item. Berdasarkan hasil analisis ditemukan aturan asosiasi antar kelompok yang terbaik berdasarkan nilai lift tertinggi yaitu asosiasi antara clothing care dan body care dengan support 6,1% dan confidence 45,88 %. Aturan asosiasi terbaik untuk item yaitu asosiasi Lemonilo Mie Instan Ayam Bawang 7 dan Lemonilo Mie Instan Kari Ayam dengan support 0,17% dan confidence 42,11%.
Analisis Klaster untuk Pengelompokkan Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Maluku Berdasarkan Indikator Pendidikan dengan Menggunakan Metode Ward
Authors: Ls Dewi , Lesnussa Yopi Andry , Talakua Mozart W. , Matdoan Muhammad Y.
Published: June 2021

Analisis klaster merupakan salah satu metode analisis yang bertujuan untuk mengklasterkan objek-objek berdasarkan kemiripan karakteristik yang dimilikinya. Metode yang digunakan pada analisis klaster yaitu metode hierarki. Secara umum metode hierarki dibagi menjadi 5 yaitu : single linkage, complete linkage, average linkage, Ward dan centroid dengan ukuran jarak euclidean. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hasil pengklasteran kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Maluku berdasarkan Indikator Pendidikan dengan menggunakan  metode Ward. Hasil penelitian pengklasteran kabupaten/kota sebanyak 3 klaster, klaster pertama terdiri dari 2 kabupaten/kota yaitu Maluku Tengah dan Kota Ambon dengan tingkat pendidikan yang tinggi. Klaster kedua terdiri dari 4 kabupaten yaitu Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat, Kabupaten Buru, Kabupaten Seram Bagian Timur dan Kabupaten Kepulauan Tanimbar dengan tingkat pendidikan rendah. Klaster ketiga terdiri dari 4 kabupaten/kota yaitu Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara, Kabupaten Maluku Barat Daya, Kabupaten Kepulauan Aru, Kabupaten Buru Selatan dan Kota Tual dengan tingkat pendidikan sedang.
Impact of Retrofitting and Item Ordering on DIF
Authors: AKBAY Lokman
Published: June 2021

Richer diagnostic information about examinees’ cognitive strength and weaknesses are obtained from cognitively diagnostic assessments (CDA) when a proper cognitive diagnosis model (CDM) is used for response data analysis. To do so, researchers state that a preset cognitive model specifying the underlying hypotheses about response data structure is needed. However, many real data CDM applications are adds-on to simulation studies and retrofitted to data obtained from non-CDAs. Such a procedure is referred to as retrofitting, and fitting CDMs to traditional test data is not uncommon. To deal with a major validity concern of item/test bias in CDAs, some recent DIF detection techniques compatible with various CDMs have been proposed. This study employs several DIF detection techniques developed based on CTT, IRT, and CDM frameworks and compares the results to understand the extent to which DIF flagging behavior of items is affected by retrofitting. A secondary purpose of this study is to gather evidence about test booklet effects (i.e., item ordering) on items’ psychometric properties through DIF analyses. Results indicated severe DIF flagging prevalence differences for items across DIF detection techniques employing Wald test, Raju’s area measures, and Mantel-Haenzsel statistics. The largest numbers of DIF cases were observed when the data were retrofitted to a CDM. The results further revealed that an item might be flagged as DIF in one booklet, whereas it might not be flagged in another.
What Color Is Your Hydrogen?
Authors: Feder Judy
Published: June 2021

Is green H2 better than blue? Is gray going away? As the world transitions from “black gold” to greener alternatives, many questions are being raised about hydrogen (H2) and its role in the current and future energy mix.

H2 was among the “hot topics” during the 2021 CERAWeek by IHS Markit held virtually in March. The global energy research firm estimated that hydrogen currently costs $200 to $250/bbl to produce—as much as five times the cost to produce a barrel of oil. Low-carbon hydrogen has a tiny share of the global energy market today, but investors are betting on its long-term potential, according to Wood Mackenzie, who said shares with meaningful exposure to hydrogen have been among the best-performing of energy transition stocks in the past few months. By 2050, low-carbon hydrogen will constitute 7% of global energy demand—211 Mt—from practically zero today.

For this and other reasons, many oil companies are researching and investing in hydrogen projects. IHS Markit believes that energy companies will invest $5 billion to $10 billion in hydrogen of various colors over the next 5 years, helping to develop breakthrough technologies that will reduce its cost and increase its competitiveness, not only with renewables such as wind and solar, but eventually with oil and natural gas.

Paul Browning, president and chief executive officer of Mitsubishi Power Americas, said, “What’s really driving green hydrogen is net zero, from regulators to shareholders. There is no way to get to net zero without long-term storage, and for that, we need hydrogen,” he said. “Green H2 will be used as storage first. Then its cost will decline enough to make it a fuel.”

But green won’t be the only player. Blue and green are at the basis of different perspectives of a potential hydrogen society, according to a paper recently published in an environmental research journal Sustainability. Blue hydrogen, integrated with carbon capture and storage, can provide the scale and reliability needed by industrial processes. It can also play an essential role in decarbonizing hard-to-electrify industries and driving down the cost of the energy transition. And it can represent a useful option in the short and medium term by helping pave the way for green hydrogen at a later stage (Fig. 1).

Armin Schnettler, executive vice president of new energy business for Siemens Energy, said at CERAWeek, “Short-term color isn’t important. What is important is a hydrogen economy, dedicated to green H2. In the short term, we should be ready to support all colors.”

Moving From Talk to Action

Hydrogen’s potential role in national and international decarbonization strategies is growing for sectors ranging from industry to transport. Already used as a feedstock in industrial applications, it is now being proposed as a potential energy carrier to support wider deployment of low-carbon energy.
Operator Develops Fully Smart Onshore Field
Authors: Feder Judy
Published: June 2021

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Judy Feder, contains highlights of paper SPE 203461, “Digitalization in the Oil and Gas Industry—A Case Study of a Fully Smart Field in the United Arab Emirates,” by Muhammad Arif and Abdulla Mohammed Al Senani, ADNOC, prepared for the 2020 Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, Abu Dhabi, held virtually from 9–12 November. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

One of the first oil fields in the UAE to be fully operated remotely is in the southeast region, 250 km from Abu Dhabi. The complete paper discusses the development and commissioning of the field, which is the first smart field for ADNOC Onshore. The designed and applied technology facilitated unmanned operation of the field from downhole to export.

Introduction

Oilfield digitalization encompasses gathering real-time and non-real-time data from wells, flow lines, manifolds, stations, and water injection facilities; analysis of the data using algorithms, flowcharts, plots, and reports; and user access to this data on user-friendly screens. This allows engineers to focus on interpretation of data vs. searching, organizing, and formatting the data. In the bigger picture, the data collected will lead to conclusions and set bases for important decisions for similar projects in the future, enabling a lesson-learning approach to design new oil fields.

The accumulated theoretical and practical research results of smart-field implementation require analysis and synthesis to maintain perspective of the entire project. Both were applied in the Mender field, which is the subject of the complete paper.

Problem Statement

The Mender parent field has been producing since 2013 with minimal digitalization for wellheads. Wells are not fit-ted with remote sensors, and operators have been visiting the wells to collect data using analog gauges. Collected data are stored in computers or as hard copies. Some critical data is lost, which affects decision-making.

The new Mender field is 50 km from the parent field and is in a sensitive area close to international borders. The field area is a wildlife reserve for various endangered animals. The nature of operations is highly critical because of concentrations of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) that could jeopardize employees’ health and safety.
Wear of Spiral Seal Cone Bit in Complex Formations
Authors: Zhou Y. , Hu J. H. , Tan B. , Jiang Y. , Tang Y. F.
Published: June 2021

Sealing is a technical bottleneck that affects drilling efficiency and cost in deep, difficult-to-drill formations. The spiral combination seal with active sand removal performance is a new type of seal, and the wear mechanism is not clear, resulting in no effective design. In this study, the wear properties of materials were measured by a friction-and-wear testing machine, and the measurement methods and criteria of wear loss and friction coefficient were established. The fitting function of working condition and friction coefficient was studied by fitting regression method. The law of influence of working conditions on friction coefficient and wear amount was determined. The actual wear model and evaluation criteria of wear condition were established by using wear test data and geometric relationship. The relationship among working conditions, contact stress, and wear depth is determined by numerical simulation method, and the wear mechanism of the new seal is revealed, which provides a theoretical basis for its application.
Asphaltene Thermodynamic Flocculation during Immiscible Nitrogen Gas Injection
Authors: Elturki Mukhtar , Imqam Abdulmohsin
Published: June 2021

Gas-enhanced oil recovery is one of the most advantageous enhanced oil recovery methods. Nitrogen is one of the most investigated gases because of its beneficial properties. However, during its interaction with crude oil, nitrogen can induce asphaltene deposition, which may result in severe formation damage and pore plugging. Few works have investigated the impact of nitrogen on asphaltene instability. This research studied the immiscibility conditions for nitrogen in nanopores and the impact of nitrogen on asphaltene precipitations, which could lead to plugging pores and oil recovery reduction. A slimtube was used to determine the minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) of nitrogen to ensure that all the experiments would be carried out below the MMP. Then, filtration experiments were conducted using nanofilter membranes to highlight the impact of the asphaltene particles on the pores of the membranes. A special filtration vessel was designed and used to accommodate the filter paper membranes. Various factors were investigated, including nitrogen injection pressure, temperature, nitrogen mixing time, and pore size heterogeneity. Supercritical phase nitrogen was used during all filtration experiments. Visualization tests were implemented to observe the asphaltene precipitation and deposition mechanism over time. Increasing the nitrogen injection pressure resulted in an increase in the asphaltene weight percent in all experiments. Decreasing the pore size of the filter membranes resulted in an increase in the asphaltene weight percent. Greater asphaltene weight percents were observed with a longer nitrogen mixing time. Visualization tests revealed that asphaltene clusters started to form after 1 hour and fully deposited after 12 hours in the bottom of the test tubes. Chromatography analysis of the produced oil confirmed that there was a reduction in the heavy components and asphaltene weight percent. Microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging of the filter paper membranes found that significant pore plugging resulted from asphaltene deposition and precipitation. This research investigated asphaltene precipitation and deposition during immiscible nitrogen injection to understand the main factors that impact the success of using such a technique in unconventional shale reservoirs.
Modeling Macroeconomic Indicators in Unstable Economies
Authors: Zhukova Yuliia , Sobolieva-Tereshchenko Olena Anatoliivna
Published: June 2021

A method for analysis of the dynamics of macroeconomic indicators based on the model of a piecewise trend for economies of unstable growth is proposed. The relevance of the article is supported by the absence of adequate mathematical models and the inadequacy of traditional continuous models to describe the features of economic dynamics of this type. Its application is demonstrated on the examples of Ukraine, Greece and Italy in comparison with stable developing countries of Eastern Europe - the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Poland. In the process of approbation new indices of instability based on this model have been developed. A higher degree of conformity of the proposed model is proved in comparison with traditional continuous models not only for countries with signs of unstable economic dynamics, but also for some countries with stable economies. During approbation, a new index of instability of growth was developed based on this piecewise linear trend model. The indices of instability of growth were calculated for 43 European countries for the period from 1989 to 2019 and their rating was built.JEL Classification: E27, D61, G17
Molecular Detection and Quantification of the Striga Seedbank in Ethiopian Sorghum Field Soils
Authors: Raaijmakers Jos , Mitiku Getahun , Etalo Desalegn , KleinGunnewiek Paulien , Rybka Dominika , Tessema Taye
Published: June 2021

Aims Striga hermonthica is a devastating parasitic weed in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and its persistent soil seedbank is the major contributing factor for its prevalence and persistence. So far, there is little to no information on the Striga seedbank density in agricultural fields in SSA due to the lack of reliable detection and quantification methods. Methods We developed a high-throughput method that combines density- and size-based separation techniques with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-based detection of Striga seeds in soil. The method was optimized and validated on two physicochemically different Striga-free Dutch agricultural soils by introducing increasing numbers of Striga seeds (0, 1, 3, 9, 27, 81 and 243 seeds). Results The results showed that as little as one seed of S. hermonthica per 150 g of soil can be detected. This technique was subsequently tested on soil samples of 48 sorghum fields from different agro-ecological zones in Ethiopia to map the geospatial distribution of the Striga seedbank along a trajectory of more than 1500 km. Considerable variation in Striga seed densities was observed for these soils: in 75% of the field soils, Striga seeds were detectable up to 86 seeds per 150 g of soil. Correlation analyses further revealed a significant non-linear relationship between the seed density and Striga incidence assessed in the same sorghum field soils at the time of soil sampling. Conclusions The method developed allows for high-through-put and accurate mapping of the Striga seedbank in physicochemically diverse field soils and can be used to predict Striga incidence and to assess the impact of management strategies on Striga seedbank dynamics.
Overexpressed FAM166B Predicts Favorable Prognosis and Associated With Metabolic Pathways and Tumor Immune Infiltrates in BRCA
Authors: Zhou Yi , Zhu Huiqin , He Gao , Zhang Hongfei , Cheng Xuyu , Liu Xiaoan
Published: June 2021

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common and lethal cancer worldwide. Though surgery, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy and immune therapy have boost patients' survival rate, to establish more molecular biomarkers that can detect the early metastasis and shed a light on breast cancer treatment still requires efforts. Based on previous studies, adipose tissue had a metabolic crosstalk in breast cancer. FAM166B is a protein-coding gene which was reported to be found in adipose tissues. Yet whether FAM166B has a role in breast cancer had not been determined.Methods: In this study, 1109 BRCA patients and 113 adjacent cancer samples and clinical characteristics data were downloaded from TCGA data portal, R software and Strawberry Perl were used for all pre-processing processes. Kaplan-Meier plotter, univariate and multivariate Cox analysis were used to investigate FAM166B potential in BRCA prognosis. GSEA was performed to investigate the biological function of FAM166B. Furthermore, TIMER was utilized to identify the association between FAM166B and tumor-infiltrating immune cells.Results: We found out increased FAM166B expression correlates with better prognosis in BRCA. By conducting Multivariate Cox analysis, we draw a conclusion that FAM166B could be an independent prognosis factor. Moreover, the GSEA revealed that FAM166B could possibly restrain the cell metabolism and glucose converting pathways. Also, a high expression of FAM166B was correlated with increased immune infiltration levels like CD4+ T cells and decreased macrophages, especially in luminal and basal breast cancers. Conclusion: Our study illustrated that FAM166B is an independent prognostic factor in BRCA. A high expression of FAM166B indicates a better prognosis of breast cancer patients and it may restrain the tumor cell metabolism and likely play a role in immune cell infiltration.
Effects of Concentrated Growth Factor on Gingival Thickness in Periodontal Accelerated Osteogenic Orthodontics: A 6-Month Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Qi Lei , Ge Weiwen , Cao Ningning , Wang Shoupeng , Qian Yifeng , Wang Xudong , Zhang Lei
Published: June 2021

Background: Earlier studies have not given clear results of concentrated growth factor (CGF) on gingival thickness (GT) in periodontal accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO). This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effects of CGF on GT in patients with thin gingival phenotype undergoing PAOO.Methods: 44 patients with 264 surgical sites were recruited at baseline. All patients were randomly allocated to either a control (collagen matrix memberane) or test (CGF) group and received PAOO. GT, gingival height (GH), buccal alveolar bone thickness (BT), and buccal alveolar bone height (BH) were evaluated depending on cross-sectional CBCT images at t0 (before surgery) and t1(6 months after surgery). Results: GT were increased in both groups at t1 compared to t0. Yet, higher values were observed in the test group (from 0.95±0.26 to 1.29±0.34mm) compared to the control group (from 0.92±0.25 to 1.01±0.18mm) (p < 0.05). Moreover, in the intergroup comparison, GT at t1 in the test group was significantly higher compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the GT of central incisors, lateral incisors and canine teeth all showed significantly changes compared with baseline and the test group showed higher increase (p < 0.01). No statistically significant difference were found in GH, BT, BH and all clinical parameters between two groups at t1 (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Within the limitation of this study, gingival thickness could be increased by using CGF in PAOO for the patients with thin gingival phenotype. Trial registration The study was registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry（http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx）under the number ChiCTRINR17013346, Registered 11 November 2017.
Assessing the north Indian maritime cyclonic turbulences with extraordinary reference to incredibly serious cyclonic tempest Fani: Meteorological inconstancy, India's readiness with the awful consequences
Authors: Chatterjee Soumen , Kundu Arnab
Published: June 2021

Having a complete coastline region around 7516 km with a 5400 km. long territory coastline, India is exceptionally susceptible to common perils like tropical cyclones (TCs). The investigation dependent on the historic datasets (1891–2019) of TCs over the North Indian Ocean (NIO) additionally guarantees that the four seaside states (West Bengal, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu) and one union territory (Pondicherry/Puducherry) on the east coast much of the time face cyclonic tempest than other seaside parts of India. The periodical pattern (pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon) of cyclonic tempests over the Bay of Bengal (BoB) and Arabian Sea (AS) over the past 150 years likewise help to unfurl the way that the West Bengal and Odisha coast are unmasked to TCs generally during the storm season (June to September) including with robust winds, heavy precipitation, and high tempest surge. The extremely severe cyclonic storm (ESCS) Fani is the most extraordinary summer cyclones, the first one in quite a while to strike the seaside part of Odisha on May 3, 2019, and one of the three most exceedingly terrible cyclones over the past 150 years with a supported surface wind speed of 175–180 kph. Odisha has been influenced unpleasantly because of the supremacy of Fani. While the loss of life was restricted within 64 because of the fast evacuation of almost 1.68 million persons, the executioner cyclone has caused excessive destructions to sociable extents (lodging, education, and food security), beneficial areas (cultivation, fisheries, and domesticated animals), and informative zones (power, telecom, street, water offices, and public constructions). The measured costs have arrived at almost 4.18 billion United States Dollar (USD) just in Odisha. The southern portion of West Bengal has additionally been influenced severely because of extraordinary downpours and high tempest surges (2–3 m above mean sea level). In this study, we used remote sensing-based Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Ground Range Detected (GRD) Level-1 datasets through Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform for evaluating the fatal cyclone Fani. Hereafter, the current investigation effectively advocates the historic experience of TCs over NIO with specific reference to ESCS Fani including its meteorological instability, readiness, and the path of annihilation.
Lipid Sources To Jersey Cows: Productive, Nutritional Effects and Milk Fatty Acid Compounds
Authors: de Souza Ana Paula Binato , Junior Jorge Schafhauser , Scheibler Rudolf Brand , Fluck Ana Carolina , Rizzo Fábio Antunes , Nörnberg José Laerte , de Vargas Diego Prado
Published: June 2021

The aim was to assess if the replacement of fatty acid salts by oil seeds in diet of dairy cows and their effects about intake and digestibility, milk production and composition, feed efficiency, metabolic profile and milk fatty acid profile. Lipid sources evaluated were calcium salts of fatty acids (CS), linseed (LI), sunflower (SF) and soybean (SY). Diets were iso in protein, fiber and energy, with 58 g/kg (mean) of crude fat in dry matter. There were no differences (P > 0.05) in the intake of nutrient fractions. The protein digestibility was lower for SY (P < 0.001) due the fraction derived from the grain in that treatment. The ether extract digestibility was higher for CS treatment (P < 0.001), and no difference was found between the grains sources. Milk production was higher in CS, when milk production was corrected for energy, these differences disappeared. Little effect on milk composition (g/kg) was observed, only for lactose. The sources used do not affect feed efficiency, energy balance and blood metabolic profile. in CS. When observed milk fatty acid profile, there was an increase influence by CS There was no difference for saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), however, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were higher for SF (P = 0.0172). The lipid sources evaluated can be used in early lactation without negative effects being able to replace calcium salts of fatty acids in diets.
Utilization of Power Gating Technique for the Analysis of MPSoC Based On Dual Feedback Edge Triggered Flip Flop
Authors: D Satyaraj , V Bhanumathi
Published: June 2021

With the persistent scaling of semiconductor technology, the embedded multi-processor platforms lifetime reliability has been the primary concern for the industry. The advancements in technology permit several microprocessors integration, dedicated digital hardware, and at times mixed-signal circuits on a single silicon die, specifically multi-processor system-on-a-chip (MPSoC). In this paper, the design and analysis of CMOS based MPSoC is made. A CMOS based MPSoC is designed with 45nm technology. In this design, ADC converter is used in which 10-bit data is given as input, and are converted into digital data. A double feedback edge triggered flip flop is designed. The implementation of flip flop, based on both feedback and triggering process, is more effective in the elimination of error occurrence. Power Gating (PG) technique is proposed which exploits the stacking effect to achieve high energy efficiency. Binary controlled stacked SRAM cell, based on a parallel cross-coupling feedback controller, is implemented to reduce the leakage loss and ground bouncing noise. An inverter, based on NMOS and CMOS, is used for the inverting process. The input voltage of 5v is given and is varied. Then, a 2-bit counter is employed, which is responsible for counting down or counting up. The counter should count down if the signal is high. The counter should count up, if the signal is low. Thus, this design will be helpful in the implementation of compact processing system which may also be employed for many real-time applications where there is a need of compact device. The benefits of this multi processors integration will be helpful in speeding the process thereby reducing the leakage power loss, power consumption, delay factor and so on. The analysis of performance is carried out using CMOS based Tanner EDA, and the outcomes are represented.
Perceived Parenting Style and Suicidal/Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in University Students: A Cross-Sectional South African Study
Authors: Chundu Mwanja , Davids Eugene L , de Vries Petrus J
Published: June 2021

Background:

Low- and middle-income countries like South Africa carry the greatest suicide burden, with local general population suicide attempt rates of 2.9–22.7%, in comparison to 0.7–9% in international literature. Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) commonly co-occurs with suicidal behaviours and estimates range from 5.5% internationally to 19.4% in South Africa. As a subgroup of the general population, university students are at higher risk for both suicidal behaviours and NSSI (S/NSSI). Risk factors for S/NSSI include parenting style; however, very little is known about the relationship between parenting styles and S/NSSI in university students in the South African context. This study aimed to describe the rates of S/NSSI behaviours and to explore the relationship between the Baumrind parenting style typography and S/NSSI in university students. The study hypothesised that authoritative parenting would negatively correlate with S/NSSI. No a priori hypotheses were made about the other parenting styles investigated.
Methods:

Students from all faculties at the University of Cape Town were invited to complete an anonymous, online electronic survey. Data collection included a socio-demographic questionnaire, Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire and Self-Harming Behaviours Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics quantified parenting styles, suicidal behaviours and NSSI. Spearman’s correlation coefficients examined the association between parenting style and S/NSSI.
Results:

In 1136 students, the rate of suicidal attempts was 6.3% and of NSSI was 22.7%. Suicide threats, suicidal thoughts, and thoughts of dying were reported by 5.9%, 35.7% and 50.7% respectively. No significant differences were seen between male and female students. We observed no significant association between authoritative parenting and suicidal behaviours, but authoritative mothers and fathers were significantly associated with a history of NSSI. Both permissive mothers and fathers were associated with suicide attempts, threats, and thoughts, whereas only permissive mothers were associated with NSSI.
Conclusions:

This study replicates previously reported high rates of S/NSSI in South African university students in comparison to general population and international data. Contrary to our hypothesis, authoritative parenting style was positively correlated with NSSI, but not with suicidal behaviours. Further studies are warranted to examine parenting style, and permissive parenting, in particular, in relation to S/NSSI.
A Clinical Decision Support System for Prediction of Postpartum Hemorrhage in Vaginal Birth
Authors: Yang Jingxuan , Guo Peng , Song Yingli , Han Lingli , Yang Xiaoyu , Bai Hua
Published: June 2021

Objective

The morbidity and mortality caused by postpartum hemorrhage has been increased since 2016 in China, in addition, promoting vaginal delivery is an important task in China currently. This study aimed to develop a clinical decision support system (CDSS) to predict postpartum hemorrhage among vaginal delivery women.
Design:
A retrospective cohort study.
Methods

We performed a retrospective analysis of medical records among 1587 vaginal delivery women, who had visited the obstetrics clinic at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from 2018 to 2020, these women then were randomly divided into a training set (70%), a validation set (15%) and a test set (15%). We adopted a univariate logistic regression model to select the significant features (P < 0.01). Afterward, we trained several artificial neural networks and binary logistic regression to predict the postpartum hemorrhage, the neural networks included multi-layer perceptron (MLP), back propagation (BP) and radial basis function (RBF). In order to compare and identify the most accurate network, we used the confusion matrix and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. We finally developed a clinical decision support system based on the most accurate network. All statistical analyses were performed by IBM SPSS (version 20), and MATLAB 2013b software was applied to develop the clinical decision support system.
Results

Initially, 45 potential variables were addressed by the univariate logistic regression, 16 significant predictors were then selected to enter the binary logistic regression and neural networks (P-value < 0.01). After validation, the best performing model was the multi-layer perceptron network with the highest discriminative ability (AUC 0.862, 95% CI 0.838–0.887). Followed by the back propagation model (AUC 0.866; 95% CI 0.842–0.890), the logistic regression model (AUC 0.856; 95% CI 0.832–0.880). The radial basis function model (AUC 0.845; 95% CI 0.820–0.870) had lower discriminative ability.
Conclusion

In summary, in terms of predicting postpartum hemorrhage, the multi-layer perceptron network performed better than the back propagation network, logistic regression model, and radial basis function network. The developed clinical decision support system based on the multi-layer perceptron network is expected to promote early identification of postpartum hemorrhage in vaginal delivery women, thereby improve the quality of obstetric care and the maternal outcome.
Effect of Fast Ascent, Acclimatization and Re-Exposure To 5050 m On Cerebral Autoregulation in Unacclimatized Lowlanders. A Prospective Cohort Study.
Authors: Graf Laura C. , Hartmann Sara E. , Lichtblau Mona , Muralt Lara , Bader Patrick R. , Lopez Ivan , Rawling Jean M. , Prof Silvia Ulrich , Prof Konrad E. Bloch , Poulin Marc J. , Furian Michael
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Cerebral autoregulation (CA) is impaired during acute high-altitude (HA) exposure and effects of acclimatization and re-exposure on CA are unknown. In 18 healthy lowlanders (11 women), we hypothesized that the cerebral autoregulation index (ARI) assessed by the percentage change in middle cerebral artery peak blood flow velocity (Δ%MCAv)/percentage change in mean arterial blood pressure (Δ%MAP) induced by a sit-to-stand maneuver, is i) reduced on Day1 at 5050m compared to 520m, ii) is improved after 6 days at 5050m, and iii) is less impaired during re-exposure to 5050m after 7 days at 520m compared to Cycle1. Participants spent 4-8h/day at 5050m and slept at 2900m similar to real-life working shifts. High/low ARI indicate impaired/intact CA, respectively. With the sit-to-stand at 520m, mean(95%CI) in ΔMAP and ΔMCAv were -26%(-41 to -10) and -13%(-19 to -7); mean±SE in ARI was 0.58±0.63Δ%/Δ%, respectively. On Day1 at 5050m, ARI worsened compared to 520m (3.29±0.70Δ%/Δ%), but improved with acclimatization (1.44±0.65Δ%/Δ%, P<0.05 for both). ARI was less affected during re-exposure to 5050m (1.22±0.70Δ%/Δ%, P<0.05 acute altitude-induced change between sojourns). This study showed that CA i) is impaired during acute HA exposure, ii) improves with acclimatization and iii) is ameliorated during re-exposure to HA a week later.
Application of Factorial Design In The Optimization of A Procedure For Antimony (Sb) Remediation From Wastewater Employing Mesoporous Array
Authors: Costa José Arnaldo Santana , Costa Vinicius Câmara , de Mello Matheus Lima , Paranhos Caio Marcio
Published: June 2021

This study describes the sustainable and eco-friendly synthesis of the silica-based mesoporous structure from the use of alternative amorphous silica extracted from rice husk ash (RHA). The mesoporous material was called MCM-48 (RHA) and its application as adsorbent to the antimony (Sb) remediation in wastewater was tested. The adsorbent was prepared by an efficient and sustainable hydrothermal method, which exhibited an amorphous framework with type IV isotherms and type H1 hysteresis, high surface area (820.94 m2 g−1) and total pore volume (0.55 cm3 g−1) with a narrow mesopores distribution, uniform spherical particles, and well-defined architecture. Multivariate optimization using a factorial design (24) was employed in the adsorption tests of Sb. The variables evaluated and the conditions selected were: adsorbent mass (45 mg); adsorption time (60 min); pH (ranged from 2 to 10); and concentration of the Sb standard (8 mol L−1). The adsorbent material proposed in this study proved to be efficient for Sb remediation in aqueous media, mainly because it is a material with easy access, low-cost, and eco-friendly.
On The Functional Dynamics of Alveolar and Ductal Growth in The Adolescent Lung
Authors: Moats Rex , Koos David , Shi Wei , Tang Yang , Pollack Harvey , Tipre Dnyanesh , Khuu Thien , Larionov Vlad , Wigfall Clarence , Tawhai Merryn , Fraser Scott , Warburton David
Published: June 2021

During adolescence, the lungs expand while alveoli increase greatly in number. A precise and deep understanding of the biological processes responsible for the many fold increase in alveoli during adolescence could form the foundation for novel treatments to reoptimize lung function after disease or injury. Herein we provide a unique insight into the alveolar growth in the mouse lung during first postnatal 4 weeks herein described as the adolescence phase. Using 3-Dimensionnal (3D) high-resolution large field of view optical imaging coupled with qualitative and quantitative analysis, we suggest the bulk of alveolarization during adolescent lung growth occurs while the surface to volume of the acinar volume remains constant. The most distal 10 or more bifurcations within the acinar saccular region, comprised of small ducts and alveoli, are of similar scale. We explored the connections between the growth of lung and it’s structural and functional parameters, by comparing the correlations between alveolar size, surface area of gas exchange regions, breathing rate, metabolic rate, and oxygen demand across mammalian species which exhibit widely divergent body sizes.
The Reliability of Ponderal Index in Predicting Short-Term Complications of Small for Gestational Age Term Infants.
Authors: Ercin Secil , Coşkun Yeşim , Gürsoy Tuğba
Published: June 2021

The birth weight (BW) for gestational age (GA) ensure a fair assessment of the nutritional status of small for gestational (SGA) infants. Ponderal index (PI) is used to identify wasting. This study aims to evaluate the association between PI values and short-term complications of term SGA infants and evaluate the reliability of PI. A total of 489 term SGA infants were included in this retrospective study. According to the PI values, the neonates were divided into three groups. Group 1 consisted of infants with low PI (PI < 10th percentile) (n=45), group 2 consisted of infants with appropriate PI (PI 10th-90th percentile) (n=405) and the ones with high PI (PI> 90th percentile) (n=39) constituted group 3. Demographic and clinical data of the mothers and neonates including clinical and laboratory assessments were collected and compared statistically. No difference was observed between the groups other than the incidence of hypoglycemia, jaundice requiring treatment and hospitalization rate, which were all significantly higher in low PI group than the group 2 and 3 (p=0.01, p=0.006 and p=0.04, respectively). None of the babies had severe morbidity or died.Conclusion: Although short-term complications were higher in term SGA infants with low PI, all term SGA infants should be defined as high-risk neonates and deserve special neonatal care and surveillance to prevent short-term complications.
Dual Isoform Sequencing Reveals a Multifaceted Transcriptional Architecture of a Prototype Baculovirus
Authors: Torma Gábor , Tombácz Dóra , Moldován Norbert , Fülöp Ádám , Prazsák István , Csabai Zsolt , Snyder Michael , Boldogkői Zsolt
Published: June 2021

In this study, we used two long-read sequencing (LRS) techniques, Sequel from the Pacific Biosciences and MinION from Oxford Nanopore Technologies, for the transcriptional characterization of a prototype baculovirus, Autographacalifornica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus. LRS is able to read full-length RNA molecules, and thereby to distinguish between transcript isoforms, mono- and polycistronic RNAs, and overlapping transcripts. Altogether, we detected 875 transcripts, of which 759 are novel and 116 have been annotated previously. These RNA molecules include 41 novel putative protein coding transcript (each containing 5’-truncated in-frame ORFs), 14 monocistronic transcripts, 99 multicistronic RNAs, 101 non-coding RNA, and 504 length isoforms. We also detected RNA methylation in 12 viral genes and RNA hyper-editing in the longer 5’-UTR transcript isoform of ORF 19 gene.
Capacity Building in Peer-Review: a Student-led Journal Experience
Authors: Campos Letícia Nunes , Yabrude Angela Theresa Zuffo , Medeiros Samantha Sartore Duque Estrada , Natividade Taiane do Socorro Silva , Luizeti Bárbara Okabaiasse , Cunha Moisés da Costa , Alves Rebeca Maria Gomes Guimarães , Bezerra Aristócles Hítallo , Ribeiro Lucas Loiola Ponte Albuquerque , Helal Lucas
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Peer-review plays a pivotal role in optimizing the quality of research articles. However, new strategies need to be implemented in the peer-review system to enhance research rigor, accurate reporting, and data reliability, such as increasing diversity among the reviewers through the inclusion of undergraduate students as reviewers. We aim to report the peer-review policies, procedures, and practices of a medical student-led journal editorial board in 2020, specifically detailing the challenges and the role of the students in the peer-review process. Methods: Through validated online training courses and peer education methodology, the students built capacity regarding the relevance of peer-review, its models, structure, and the publication process. The peer-review process was blinded for authors and reviewers, emphasizing the importance of impartiality and the minimization of identification bias. Guidelines for authors and reviewers were developed to add standardization to the submission and review processes, based on journals’ recommendations and reporting guidelines. Results: From July to August of 2020, the student-led journal received 254 submitted manuscripts from all five Brazilian geographic regions, compared to the 72 submissions received in the previous edition. After review, 50 manuscripts were accepted with major or minor corrections. Discussion: Peer-review contributes to the construction of content, and is the foundation for evidence-based medicine. In addition, it improves ethical thinking, communication skills, and critical appraisal abilities, also desirable in the academic and professional spheres. The medical student peer-review process has numerous benefits and should be promoted and further studied as a potential strategy for building capacity in peer-review.
ML of Striatum rs-fMRI Features Predicts TLE Diagnosis
Authors: Jiang Yanchun , Nie Liluo , zhang yanbo , Liu huihua , Zheng jinou
Published: June 2021

Objective: To determine whether patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) exhibit aberrant resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI)-functional connectivity and build an individualized TLE prediction model using ML (ML). Methods: Sixty TLE patients and fifty-one controls underwent rs-fMRI scanning. The striatum was divided into 12 striatal seeds. rs-FC was compared between groups to enable TLE classification based on striatal FC using the SPM12, SVM and PRONTO softwares. Bilateral striatal FC values were extracted and significance values were obtained using leave-one-out (LOO) SVM analysis and permutation testing (2,000) for cross-validation.Results: Patients with TLE exhibited a significantly decreased rs-FC between the left inferior ventral striatum and the right posterior central gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus;and between the left dorsal rostral putamen and right superior parietal lobule, right middle frontal gyrus. And between right dorsal caudate And left prefrontal lobe, and right middle temporal gyrus. rs-fMRI analysis a revealed significantly increased FC between the left inferior ventral striatum seed and right anterior cingulate in TLE patients (p<0.05). Right dorsal caudate FC may distinguish individuals with TLE from controls with 79.08% Accuracy, including a 72.77% Sensitivity and 76.44% Specificity, resulting in an AUC of 0.71 (p <0 .01). The areas informing classification included left prefrontal lobe, right middle temporal gyrus, and left superior parietal lobule.Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate aberrant FC in certain brain regions, such as the right dorsal caudate, may play an important role as potential biomarkers of TLE and highlight the utility of ML-based models for clinical decision making.