bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Santa y Andrés: A dossier
Authors: Fehimović Dunja , Goldberg Ruth
Published: February 2021

Carlos Lechuga’s film Santa y Andrés (2016) has enjoyed worldwide acclaim as an intimate, dramatic portrayal of the unlikely friendship that develops in rural Cuba between Andrés, a gay dissident writer, and Santa, the militant citizen who has been sent to surveil him. Declared to be extreme and/or inaccurate in its historical depictions, the film was censored in Cuba and was the subject of intense controversy and public polemics surrounding its release in 2016. Debates about the film’s subject matter and its censorship extend ongoing disagreement over the role of art within the Cuban Revolution, and the changing nature of the Cuban film industry itself. This dossier brings together new scholarship on Santa y Andrés and is linked to an online archive of some of the original essays that have been written about the film by Cuban critics and filmmakers since 2016. The aim of this project is to create a starting point for researchers who wish to investigate Santa y Andrés, evaluating the film both for its contentious initial reception, and in terms of its enduring contribution to the history of Cuban cinema.
‘I want to watch movies’: Film activism and Cuban screens
Authors: Zarza Zaira
Published: February 2021

The notion of independent cinema has generated conversations and controversies around the world as scholars have attempted to demarcate what kinds of productions fit – or do not – into the category. In the absence of major private film companies, independent cinema in Cuba includes those films made without or with minimal support from the state-run Cuban Film Institute (ICAIC). Since its foundation in 1959, ICAIC has been the main and only programmer of all films screened in theatres across the country. This article offers a brief account of the relationship between Cuban independent cinema and mainstream institutions in the last few years. As a starting point, I will consider the decision to exclude the film Santa y Andrés/Santa & Andres () from the programme of the 38th Havana Film Festival and the debates that ensued. I will also discuss the recent cultural policies – a decree that recognizes the legal rights of independent film and audio-visual producers and the introduction of 3G data plans for citizens – that hope to spawn new forms of filmmaking in Cuba and the role of social media as a collective platform for cultural conversations in the public sphere.
Moral and Psychological Features of the Motivational Sphere of Juveniles who Commit Crimes: Risk Assessment of Determining Communication
Authors: Yuzikova Nataliіa , Korniakova Tatiana , Khomiachenko Svitlana , Chasova Tetiana
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this research is the identification of moral and psychological features of the motivational sphere of juvenile offenders (delinquents) and identification of risks in the process of socialization of juveniles that have a determining connection with the illegal (deviant) behavior of the child. The article presents the results of empirical studies of the specifics of the motivational sphere of juvenile offenders; the assessment of the risks caused by the weakening of the socializing role of family institutions, education, and upbringing is submitted. In addition, the statistical analysis of the moral and psychological characteristics of juveniles serving a sentence associated with imprisonment compared to a control group of peers who are not in conflict with the law is given.
Analysis of the Dynamics of Structural Processes in the Context of Ensuring Sustainable Development
Authors: Simkiv Lilia , Shults Svitlana , Lutskiv Olena , Andrusiv Uliana
Published: February 2021

The tendencies and the extent of structural changes in the economy of the regions of Ukraine in the context of ensuring its sustainable development  are examined in the context of the types of economic activity in terms of gross value added (GVA) during 2011-2018. In particular, the rate of change in the share of the structural mass of the economy of the regions that occurred during this period is estimated; the dynamic processes that took place in the structure of the economy of Ukrainian regions are analyzed. The analysis of the mass of structural changes shows their insignificant scale and reduction of the share in the structure of gross value added of such types of economic activity as industry, construction and finance. The estimation of intensity of structural changes by an indicator of average rates of their change shows low and rather differentiated level of intensity of structural changes in the context of types of economic activity. During the analyzed period, the annual average rate of structural changes in Ukraine was 0.131. Based on the calculation of the rate of structural changes, it is proved that structural changes in the economy of Ukraine are quite slow and are characterized by significant interregional differentiation, and the lack of positive dynamics in increasing the speed of structural changes in education is the main obstacle to creating an innovation-oriented model of economic development and reorientation of the structure of the regional economy to the requirements of the post-industrial type to the established concepts and dominants of sustainable development in accordance with EU standards.
Ecological Aspect of Legal Provision of Modern Land Reform as a Factor of Sustainable Development
Authors: Zaiets Olena , Vlasenko Yuliia , Busuyok Diana , Pozniak Elina
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the legal support of the Ukrainian land reform from the point of view of its ecological component and realization of the purposes of sustainable development. The ecological aspect of land reform in our state is represented by separate legislative steps of land rehabilitation. In particular, the organizational and legal bases of land melioration have been improved, including the maintenance of field protective forest belts, the legal bases of land division by purpose and territorial planning, etc. The Law on the Circulation of Agricultural Land is aimed at overcoming the moratorium on the alienation of agricultural land. One of its goals is to create conditions for the rational use of land and soil. And this is a prerequisite for their preservation, restoration and improvement, but requires further legal regulation. The paper uses positive foreign experience in land reforms, as well as international and foreign experience in the legal regulation of rational use and protection of land and soil. It is concluded that at the present stage of land reform, the state is trying to restore the efficient use of Ukrainian lands with minimal expenditure of state resources by creating legal, organizational and economic prerequisites, when landowners, land users and local communities, by virtue of their environmental and social legal awareness, legal culture and responsibilities, will be able to restore Ukraine's land potential and achieve sustainable development goals.
Multidimensional Analysis of Ethical Leadership for Business Development
Authors: Bláha Jiří , Klimsza Lucjan , Lokaj Aleš , Nierostek Lech
Published: February 2021

Tremendous progress has been made in industry including artificial intelligence, robotics and 4th generation of industry. People in most countries work smarter, hard work is supplied by machines and automatics do constantly repeated operations. Modern technology has made work smarter, quicker and more precise than human works. But there are still many problems to tackle. Tension on effective work is much than higher. Companies prioritize well educated people. The value of the company is measured not only by the level of financial capital, either intellectual capital is also rated. There are economic reasons for prioritizing effectivity in industrial development, and intellectual capital increasing level of effectivity. On the other hand, there are some arguments for prioritizing social and ethical responsibility. Economic growth could not be the only reason for development in business. In addition, involvement in corruption scandals and environmental accidents can severely damage the reputation of a company. Innovation in management is needed. Some results of investigations in that area suggested that ethical leadership could gain negative consequences of human behavior. Finally, it has been found that the development in ethical leadership could bring the benefits for employee and employers and can increase level of productivity and thus profits of companies. The main aim of the article is to describe an investigation of ethical leadership influence on companies.
The Impact of the Pandemic Covid-19 on the Human Right to Freedom of Movement
Authors: Zolka Valentyn , Tsarenko Olha , Kushnir Iryna , Tsarenko Serhii , Havrik Roman
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the impact of the pandemic COVID-19 on the human rights, in particular, the right to freedom of movement and free choice of residence. The purpose of the article is to investigate whether the restrictions implemented to prevent spread of the infection were legitimate and necessary. The concept and content of the right to free movement according to Ukrainian legislation has been investigated. The legitimate grounds for restriction of human rights were analyzed. The state of compliance of Ukrainian legislation with the legislation of the EU and world standards was revealed. The range of issues that Ukraine faced during the pandemic COVID-19 and limitations of human rights were disclosed. Particular attention was paid to legal acts which implemented such limitations. It was revealed that the approach of the Ukrainian legislator while implementing restrictions of human rights was unconstitutional and violated fundamental human freedoms. General and special scientific methods were used in the process of research, such as dialectical, comparative, dogmatic and legal methods.
Digitalization for Sustainable Development of Small Towns in Russia
Authors: Guzhavina Tatiana А.
Published: February 2021

Digitalization has become a significant trend in the development of modern humanity. The pandemic has accelerated the digitalization of most countries. They contribute to the development of new practices, open up new opportunities for communication. They also require certain skills and competencies, education. But digital environment affects people in different ways. It creates new problems and restrictions, increases risks, including increasing social inequalities. It can expand access to information, include a person in the global space, but it can also limit the world to the diagonal of a digital device. It is important to understand how the population is ready for these changes, what real opportunities it has. The digital environment is emerging in modern cities, where inclusion in it is faster. Ahead are megacities, industrial and administrative centers. But almost two thirds of the cities are small towns, where one fourth of the population of Russia lives. What are the opportunities for digitalization for the population of small towns, what are the restrictions for residents to be included in the digital space. The purpose of our study is to assess the state of digital competence of the population of small towns in the Russian Federation on the basis of their self-assessment of their readiness to function in a digital environment. The empirical basis of the study was the results of a survey conducted among the urban population of the Vologda region on a representative sample with quotas by gender and age. The study showed that there are problems in the development of the necessary competencies by residents of small towns to use the digital space.
Fiscal and Monetary Policy of Economic Development
Authors: Chugunov Igor , Pasichnyi Mykola , Koroviy Valeriy , Kaneva Tetiana , Nikitishin Andriy
Published: February 2021

Fiscal and monetary policy coordination should focus on increasing public welfare and maintaining long-term macroeconomic stability. This article aims to enhance the theoretical and methodological basis of fiscal and monetary policy formation and determine the priority areas for improving their coordination to ensure sustainable economic development. We developed an institutional approach to study the fiscal-monetary mix. It is advisable to create favorable monetary conditions for fiscal measures and form a balanced budget for monetary regulation. The authors proposed the structural-functional model that highlights both fiscal and monetary policies’ impact on aggregate demand. The results showed no positive effects of general government expenditures on the GDP per capita growth in 19 emerging economies from 1995 to 2018. The influence of public spending on economic growth depends on institutions’ quality, the composition of expenditures, and fiscal architecture. The expediency of increasing the share of productive expenditures that positively affect stimulating the economy is substantiated. In the long-run, monetary policy should ensure a comprehensive combination of inflation targeting conditions, the adaptive use of tools to achieve intermediate and final targets.
Financial Risks in the Conditions of Unstable Market Economy
Authors: Pakhucha Ellina , Sievidova Iryna , Siadrysta Iryna , Mohilevsky Leonid , Oliynik Tamila , Bogdanovych Olga
Published: February 2021

The necessity and significance of financial risks, which are a constant factor in the activity of any enterprise, are substantiated. It is established that for a broader understanding of the essence of financial risk it is necessary to consider it as a cumulative risk of the enterprise. The growing impact of financial risks on the results of financial and economic activities is associated with the uncertain economic situation, the instability of financial market conditions, the rapid introduction of new financial technologies and financial instruments, expanding the scope of financial relations of the enterprise. A system of financial ratios has been formed to quantify the risk of enterprises of different sizes, namely for large, medium and small enterprises, which most accurately reflect the current financial situation. Has been proven that the growing pressure of the crisis and insecurity on the part of the state will lead to the transition from the crisis in which enterprises are today, to a state of economic bankruptcy. It is established that the first place among the blocks of financial coefficients of risk assessment of enterprises is occupied by the block of business activity, then the block of profitability indicators, the block of liquidity indicators, the final block of capital structure. For each of the defined blocks the directions of increase, or optimization that will provide financial stability of the enterprise are presented.
Linking Different Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) via Food Production Diversity: A Comparative Study of Two Countries in Arabian Desert
Authors: Liu Suyu
Published: February 2021

There is a growing interest of the linkages between different SDGs as the interactions between SDGs are more and more observed. Food production diversity’s role in linking different SDGs deserves more attention, as it is directly related to a variety of SDGs such as SDG 1 (poverty reduction), SDG 2 (no hunger), and SDG 8 (economic growth and decent work). This article empirically examines the food production diversity in Saudi Arabia and Oman with Herfindal-Hirschmann Index, which measures food production diversity via the distribution of establishments and employees across 14 food production economic activities. It finds that in Saudi Arabia, the food production diversity is significantly lower and less changed than Oman. However, this may be caused by the much larger scale of food production in Saudi Arabia than Oman. Food production diversity is also possibly associated with cuisine culture, geographic location, and labor intensity in food production. However, there is insufficient evidence whether severe climate has an impact on food production diversity.
Economic Security Formation of Enterprise Under the Conditions of Steady Development
Authors: Hryvkivska Oksana , Kotvytska Nataliia , Ivanova Natalia , Pryimak Nataliia , Salkova Iryna
Published: February 2021

The most relevant aspects of achieving economic security of enterprises are determined in the article. The assessment of the level of economic security was conducted using the method of analysis of the functioning environment. The focal points of the assessment are interests, threats and resources. The possibility of economic security strengthening of business entities is traced using analysis of economic activity of mechanical engineering companies of Vinnytsia region of Ukraine as an example. At the same time, businesses that cannot cover the cost of resources with the income from goods sale in the current year were singled out. Businesses entities positioning in the functioning environment in the context of economic security motivation (interests - increase in enterprise income, threats - growth of current and long-term liabilities, resources - use of fixed assets and employees), allowed to find opportunities to increase the efficiency of enterprises that to the greater extent are related to the manufacturing of machinery and equipment.
O TRABALHO DOCENTE E AS QUESTÕES DE GÊNERO NAS AULAS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA DO ENSINO MÉDIO EM ESCOLAS NO NORTE DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Gonçalves Amanda Emanuele Pereira , Ramalho Carla Chagas , Matos Sobrinho José de Andrade
Published: February 2021

O gênero e suas expressões ocorrem através de construções sociais em diversos espaços, incluído a escola. Com este entendimento, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar como professoras(es) de Educação Física encaram as estruturas de gênero no contexto das suas aulas no Ensino Médio, em três escolas do norte de Minas Gerais. Utilizamos como metodologia a observação livre e a entrevista semi-estruturada. Categorizamos o resultado em cinco campos: Gênero e sexo biológico; Desigualdade de gênero na sociedade; Desigualdade de gênero nas aulas de Educação Física; Gênero como conteúdo nas aulas de Educação Física no Ensino Médio e Aulas mistas ou co-educativas. Concluímos que se os(as) professores(as) não trabalharem com um olhar crítico em relação às questões de gênero, suas aulas são capazes de gerar e reforçar desigualdades que colocam homens e mulheres em posições diferentes socialmente. Assim, compreendemos como o trabalho docente deve ser permeado por debates críticos sobre gênero.
AS (IM)POSSIBILIDADES DO TRABALHO COM DIVERSIDADE DE GÊNERO E SEXUAL NA ESCOLA APÓS UM CURSO DE FORMAÇÃO
Authors: Santos Beatriz Rodrigues Lino dos , Lopes de Souza Marcos
Published: February 2021

Nossa pesquisa norteou-se pela seguinte indagação: Como docentes lidam com as questões de diversidade de gênero e sexual na escola, após terem participado de um curso de formação envolto nessas temáticas? Nós nos enveredamos pelas perspectivas pós-críticas, pós-estruturalistas e nos estudos foucaultianos e, assim, entrevistamos sete professoras(es) que, participaram de um curso de formação sobre diversidade de gênero e sexual oferecido por uma universidade estadual no interior baiano, e estavam atuando na educação básica, nas condições de docentes, coordenação pedagógica ou direção escolar. Apesar de tempos de neoconservadorismo e fundamentalismos, algumas docentes retiraram as travas e se arriscaram a dialogar sobre diversidade de gênero e sexual na escola, mesmo enfrentando empecilhos, outras(os) foram surpreendidas(os) com os atravessamentos dessas temáticas em algum momento na escola e, nem sempre, atuaram como desejavam e houve quem também ainda não foi afetada pelas discussões e optou por não enfrentá-las na escola.
ENUNCIAÇÕES SOBRE GÊNERO NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL EM TEMPOS DE CONSERVADORISMO
Authors: Bahiana Mariane de Almeida , Brito Leandro Teofilo de , Fonseca Michele Pereira de Souza da
Published: February 2021

Este artigo discute narrativas de professoras regentes em atuação na educação infantil, problematizando se os efeitos performativos da enunciação “ideologia de gênero” afetaram (ou não) o trabalho docente com a infância. Deste modo, nos fundamentamos nos estudos de gênero pós-estruturalistas, principalmente com as autoras Butler, Scott, Finco, Felipe e Paechter. A produção de narrativas com as docentes da educação infantil pautaram-se pelos princípios de Arfuch, na operacionalização de entrevistas dialógicas. Entre os resultados, as docentes enunciaram incertezas no entendimento do conceito de gênero e apontaram a ausência de discussões sobre o tema na formação inicial, porém, interviam em situações que emergiam no cotidiano. Consideramos que, de certa forma, as professoras resistem ao conservadorismo imposto nesses tempos, mesmo que por vezes sejam também afetadas por ele.
“A GENTE SE CUIDA, MAS NÃO CONTA PRA NINGUÉM”: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE AS MASCULINIDADES EM UM FILME PUBLICITÁRIO
Authors: Dos Santos Guilherme Gomes , Da Silva Ricardo Desidério
Published: February 2021

A existência de uma essência masculina é socialmente naturalizada, excluindo e ou depreciando tantas outras possibilidades. Neste cenário,empresas apropriam-se produzindo e reproduzindo esses valores, por vias midiáticas,onde são adaptados aos seus interesses. A publicidade é uma das ferramentas utilizadas nessa questão, buscando na cultura as representações para atingir simbolicamente o consumidor. Sendo assim,objetivou-se analisar um filme publicitário de produtos masculinos, promovendo reflexões sobre as masculinidades. Para tal, utilizou-seda pesquisa qualitativa descritiva em formato documental, sendo, os dados, analisados através da Análise Conteúdo, na modalidade Temática. Assim, resultaram quatro eixos temáticos: 1) Masculinidades e Consumo; 2) Masculinidades em Imagens; 3) Masculinidades e Áudio; e 4) Elementos Pró-Masculinidades. Por fim, considera-se que as produções publicitárias além de produzir e reproduzir sentidos, também criam possibilidades para transformá-los, sendo possíveis recursos para atividades em Educação Sexual.
Application of Statistical Solvent Mixture Design in Optimizing the Solid-Liquid Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Mango Seed Kernels
Authors: Cabajar Alden A. , Siacor Francis Dave C. , Lim Kramer Joseph A. , Lobarbio Camila Flor Y. , Taboada Evelyn B.
Published: February 2021

Mango seed kernel (MSK) is a waste material of the mango processing industry and is reported to significantly contain phenolic compounds with anti-oxidative properties. In this work, these compounds are isolated via solid-liquid extraction (SLE) in which solvent mixture design approach was used to evaluate the optimal quaternary solvent ratio in relation to the phenolics content of extracts from MSK. The quaternary solvent is composed of ethanol (E), methanol (M), acetone (A), and water (W). The extraction process was implemented at 40°C for 60 minutes with the ratio between solid and solvent at 1:25. Response surface methodology coupled with simplex lattice design was developed to evaluate the optimal solvent system and their interaction effects on the phenolic compounds content. The linear, two-way, and three-way interaction, except for methanol-acetonewater system, resulted in positive effects on the phenolic compounds content. The response model shows that a quaternary mixture with approximately 3:3:3:1 E:M:A:W ratio provided the highest phenolic content. A Scheffé cubic model sufficiently described the extraction process. The results of this study showed that the extraction of phenolic compounds in MSK via SLE using a mixture of solvents is possible. Higher extraction efficiencies can be achieved by optimizing the SLE process, and the optimum conditions can be applied to produce phenolic extracts with positive antioxidant activity.
The Ecological State
Authors: Kolasi Erald
Published: February 2021

Although natural constraints on supply are important, most economic scarcities that rule our lives are actually social and artificial. Supply and demand are not natural forces drifting through the air; they are contrived realities established by an interactive social environment involving governments, corporations, institutions, and classes. Supply and demand cycles are social constructs designed to answer a basic question: Who gets what?
Manipulations of Freedom
Authors: Gupta Sumona
Published: February 2021

On California's November 2020 ballot were some contentious and important issues, including Proposition 22, classifying rideshare drivers and app-based delivery workers as independent contractors. Gig economy giants Uber, Lyft, Doordash, and others spent a whopping $111 million on Prop 22. Of course, the companies had a lot to lose. If they were made to treat their drivers or delivery people as employees and compensate them accordingly, they would be bankrupted, they claimed.
Kontribusi Lamun Enhalus acoroides Terhadap Kelimpahan Perifiton Di Perairan Legon Boyo, Karimunjawa
Authors: Hendrayana Hendrayana , Ambariyanto Ambariyanto , Pringgenies Delianis , Mujiyanto Mujiyanto
Published: February 2021

Kelimpahan perifiton dipengaruhi oleh kerapatan lamun karena pada semakin tinggi kerapatan lamun maka kecepatan arus akan berkurang sehingga dapat meningkatkan laju penempelan perifiton. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kerapatan lamun Enhalus acoroides dengan kelimpahan perifiton di Perairan Legon Boyo, Karimunjawa Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juni, September dan Desember Tahun 2012. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perifiton yang ditemukan pada lamun Enhalus acoroides di Perairan legon sebanyak 10 jenis dan jenis Baciliarophyceae merupakan jenis perifiton paling banyak ditemukan. Kelimpahan terbesar terjadi di musim peralihan yaitu sebesar 2.146 sel/l. Keanekaragaman jenis perifiton di lamun E. acoroides memiliki nilai antara 0,26-1,43 (Keanekaragaman rendah-sedang), keseragaman dengan nilai 3,61-5,82 (keseragaman tinggi) dan dominansi dengan nilai 0,68-1,12 (dominansi sedang-tinggi). Hasil analisis regresi hubungan kerapatan lamun dengan kelimpahan perifiton sebesar 79,13% yang menunjukkan hubungan kuat. Dengan demikian kerapatan lamun berpengaruh terhadap kelimpahan perifiton pada lamun. Periphyton abudance is influence by Seagrass densit. The aim of the research was to determaine Enhalus acoroides seagrass density and periphyton abudance correlation in Legon Boyo, Karimunjawa waters. Descriptive method and purposive sampling used in the research. The result show perphyton found as 10 kinds ang Baciliarophyceae clases are most of periphyton found. The most abundant periphyton in the transitional season is 2,146 cells/l. Periphyton species diversity in E.acoroides seagrass has a value between 0.26-1.43 (low-moderate diversity), uniformity with a value of 3.61-5.82 (high uniformity) and dominance with a value of 0.68-1.12 (moderate-high dominance). Correlation relationship with periphyton abundance was 79.13%, which showed a strong relationship. This value show of seagrass density influence periphyton abudance in seagrass.
Analisis Kandungan Agar, Pigmen dan Proksimat Rumput Laut Gracilaria sp. pada Reservoir dan Biofilter Tambak Udang Litopenaeus vannamei
Authors: Yudiati Ervia , Ridlo Ali , Nugroho Annisa Afifah , Sedjati Sri , Maslukah Lilik
Published: February 2021

Gracllaria sp. merupakan rumput laut yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi karena menghasilkan agar. Agar banyak dimanfaatkan dalam bidang industri maupun pangan. Kualitas Gracilaria sp. ditentukan oleh kadar agar, pigmen serta  proksimatnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh parameter kualitas media tumbuh Gracilaria sp. terhadap biosintesis agar, klorofil a, karoten dan kadar proksimat (protein, karbohidrat, lemak, abu, dan air). Lokasi pengambilan sampel di reservoir dan biofilter tambak udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei). Kondisi lingkungan perairan yang diukur adalah kandungan nitrat dan fosfat, suhu air, salinitas, DO (oksigen terlarut), serta pH (Derajat keasaman). Ekstraksi agar dilakukan dengan metode alkali. Karakterisasi agar menggunakan analisis Fourier Transform Infra Red. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kandungan agar (31,4 ± 0,42%) pada reservoir lebih baik dibandingkan biofilter. Begitu pula dengan konsentrasi klorofil a (19,61 ± 0,04 mg/g), karotenoid (7,42 ± 0,21 µmol/g) serta kadar protein (15,38 ± 0,27%). Kadar lemak, karbohidrat, air dan abu pada kedua lokasi tidak berbeda nyata. Hasil karakterisasi agar menujukkan keberadaan gugus galaktosa 3,6-anhydro-L-galaktosa. Gracilaria sp. is well known as to has a high economically value, due to the application of the agar content that is used in various industries especially in food industry. The quality of Gracilaria sp. depends on agar and pigment content as well as proximate analysis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of water quality parameter on Gracilaria sp habitats to agar, chlorophyl a, carotene and proximate analysis (protein, carbohydrate, total lipid, ash, water content). Samples were collected from reservoir and biofilter from Litopenaeus vannamei’s waste pond. Water quality parameter measured were nitrate and phosphate, water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH. Agar extraction was done by alkali methods. Agar and its chemical structure were characterized by FT-IR analysis. Results showed that agar content (31.4 ± 0.42%) on reservoir was better than biofilter. Higher results from reservoir samples were also found in chlorophyl a (19.61 ± 0.04 mg/g), carotenoids (7.42 ± 0.21 µmol/g) and protein level (15.38 ± 0.27 %). On the other hand, total lipid, carbohydrate, water and ash content were similar. Based on FT-IR analysis shows that the galactose 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose was present.
The effect of increasing levels of palm kernel meal containing α-β-mannanase replacing maize to growing-finishing hybrid duck on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass trait, and VFA
Authors: Sjofjan O. , Adli D. N. , Natsir M. H. , Nuningtyas Y. F. , Bastomi I. , Amalia F. R.
Published: February 2021

In this experiment, we investigated the effect of increasing levels of palm kernel meal containing α-β-mannanase replacing maize to growing-finishing hybrid duck on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and carcass trait. One hundred and ninety- six hybrid ducks [(Peking x Khaki Campbell)] with 410.52 ± 95.25 g BW) were allotted to 5 dietary treatments with 9 ducks (unsexed) per pen and 4 replicates per treatments. These dietary treatments were: NC (negative control; maize-soybean-meal based diet), PKM25 (maize replacement with PKM α-β-mannanase 25%), PKM50 (maize replacement with PKM α-β-mannanase 50%), PKM75 (maize replacement with PKM α-β-mannanase 75%), PKM100 (maize replacement with PKM α-β-mannanase 100%). There was a curve linear decrease in the growing phase and finisher phase in feed intake as the level of α-β-mannanase palm kernel meal increased in the diet. Curvilinear, the result was presented no significant difference (P>0.05) on the initial body weight, growing and finishing phase body weight. The result of this study showed the used α-β-mannanase in the palm kernel meal presented a significant difference (P < 0.05) on the nutrient digestibility of dry matter and crude protein. Furthermore, Carcass traits showed the reflection in line with the final weight and internal organs were better to compare to control 0.5% using α-β-mannanase in the palm kernel meal. In summary, the increase of the level of palm kernel meal with α-β-mannanase enzyme was had a positive effect on the hybrid ducks and the replacement of palm kernel meal by 25% with the addition of the α-β-mannanase enzyme was able to improve digestibility and reduce abdominal  fat of hybrid ducks.
Crude palm stearin influences the performance, carcass quality and intestinal morphology of broiler chicks
Authors: Khaskheli A. A. , Chou L.
Published: February 2021

The main objective of the investigation was to observe the growth performance, carcass yield, meat quality, and intestinal morphology of broiler chicks with respect to the dietary crude palm stearin (CPS). The study was conducted on 200 birds and dividing them into two experimental groups viz control and CPS treated group with 10 replications of 10 birds in each. Chicks under the control group were fed basal diet only, however in CPS treated group chicks were fed the basal diet supplemented with 3% CPS. Birds were reared for 42 days and data regarding different parameters of study was recorded. Data were analyzed by student T-test and differences were considered significant at P < 0.05.Results indicated CPS treated group pertaining to lower final body weight, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, feed intake, dressing percentage, fillets, thight+drumsticks, and wings percentages. CPS treated group possessed lower liver, spleen, gizzard, and abdominal fat weights. Breast meat holds lower values for shear force, drip loss in CPS treated group, while cooking loss found vice versa. Abdominal fat breast in the meat and thigh skin possessed higher a* (redness) and b* (yellowness) values in CPS treated chicks, while breast skin and thigh meat hold lower a* and b* values in CPS treated chicks compared to control. Intestinal villus height, villus area and crypts depth in duodenum found considerably higher in the CPS treated chicks. Jejunum in CPS treated group possessed higher crypt depth but villus height and villus area remained lower. In conclusion, CPS impairs overall growth performance, carcass yield and meat quality but supports the intestinal morphology.
Influence of sapropel on the activity of intestinal peptidases of broiler chickens
Authors: Kuz'mina V. V. , Skvortsova E. G. , Pivovarova E. A. , Bushkareva A. S. , Vostrova U. A. , Poltoratskaya A.V.
Published: February 2021

At the beginning of the experiment, the weight of weekly cockerels of the Hisex White egg cross (n = 90) was 64.6 ± 0.47 g. At the age of one week old, 3 groups (30 birds in each group) were formed. They received complete feed. The first group served as a control. The chickens of the second and third groups received combined fodder, in which 3% and 5% of the feed weight was replaced with dry sapropel. The dry sapropel (3% of the daily feed weight) increased the activity of casein-lytic and hemoglobin-lytic peptidases in the chyme by 1.5 (Р<0.05), in large intestine mucosa by 1.3 (Р<0.05) and in small intestine mucosa by 1.7 times (Р<0.01) compared with the control. The increase of sapropel concentration in feed up to 5% did not lead to a further increase in the activity of peptidases. The activity of peptidases were minimal at pH 5 and pH 12 and reached maximal at pH 7–8. The optimal dose of dry sapropel introduced into the diet of chickens to that stimulated the digestive processes is 3% of the mass of feed.
Study of the Implementation of Continuous Improvement using Kaizen Philosophy in Indonesian Construction Projects
Authors: Putri Kartika Nur Rahma
Published: February 2021

Kaizen as a quality management system offers a new approach to increase productivity by improving existing production processes without investing in new tools/procedures. This study aimed to determine the application of continuous improvement in construction projects according to kaizen philosophy. The research was conducted using descriptive analysis to describe the process of continuous improvement in a construction project. Data were collected using a questionnaire method on 24 building and road projects and interviews with two contractors. This study's results indicate that the application of the kaizen principle in construction projects is still limited. The research reveals that project planning has been carried out but not entirely following field conditions, standardization of work methods already exists but not detailed, all parties in the project have been involved in the construction process, but initiatives to make improvements have not been seen because it is still focused on corrective evaluation and work completion. The challenges in implementing continuous improvement are the lack of a quality management system, lack of working time, lack of consistency in the implementation of quality, and lack of worker’s skill in carrying out work. Some improvements required to support continuous improvement are to encourage top management's role in the application of quality management systems and internalization of the kaizen principle to all workers. The involvement of all production elements in maintaining product's quality in the internal system also needs to be improved.
Analysis of the Smear Zone Effect due to PVD Installation on the Embankment Consolidation Process with 2D and 3D Plaxis
Authors: Hayati Titi Titi , Roesyanto Roesyanto , Iskandar Rudi
Published: February 2021

The method of preloading and vertical drainage is one of the popular methods used to increase shear strength of soft soil. Initial loading is carried out with the aim of consolidating the soil layer with a large or equal load greater than the load that will be carried by the ground both during and after construction. While vertical drainage can speed up the evaluation process. The development of a vertical drainage system is the use of PVD (Prefebricate Vertical Drain). PVD is installed to drain the air that is dissipated in the preparation process. Analysis to compare the settlement that occurred in the Reklamasi Peti Kemas Belawan Fase II project with modeling on Plaxis 2D and 3D with and without using the smear zone effect. From the analysis, the settlement that occurred on consolidation process with Plaxis 2D modeling with and without the effect of the smear zone effect was 2,288 meters and 1,922 meters while the 3D Plaxis modeling obtained 2,077 meters for analysis without changing the effect of the smear zone and 1,930 meters for analysis with calculate the effect of the smear zone.
How transformational leadership influences innovative behavior: the mediating role of psychological empowerment and proactivity of employees
Authors: Ashfaq Fouzia , Abid Ghulam , Ilyas Sehrish , Hasnain Anwer
Published: February 2021

This research aims to examine the impact of transformational leadership on innovative behavior of employees within the organization. It draws on conservation of resources theory and examines when and how transformational leadership style relates to innovative behavior of employees. The study proposes a sequential mediation effect of psychological empowerment and proactivity of employees that predicts innovative behavior among employees. The data of 230 employees is collected from large public sector organizations, from employees and their managers by utilizing three-wave time lagged study design. The results of the study were obtained using PROCESS macro by Hayes via 2000 resample bias corrected (BC) bootstrap method. The findings not only validate the applicability of psychological empowerment and proactivity for innovative behavior but also found these as mediators between transformational leadership and innovative behavior relationship. Theoretical and practical implications are also discussed in light of the findings.
The investigation of the mediating role of innovation and organizational intelligence on the relationship between knowledge management and financial performance of the organizations active in the e-banking industry
Authors: Bazrkar Ardeshir , Hajimohammadi Mohammad
Published: February 2021

Knowledge management is essential for activities such as problem-solving, dynamic learning and decision making, and can improve organizational performance and in particular the financial performance of the organizations by enabling the organization to perform smarter. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of knowledge management on the financial performance of the organizations considering the mediating role of innovation and organizational intelligence in the e-banking industry. The statistical population of the study consisted of senior executives of 31 public and private banks active in the e-banking industry of Iran (n=54). Library and field research (questionnaire) was used to collect research data. In this study, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Spearman-Bartlett tests were used to analyze the data to determine the normality of the research data and to determine the adequacy of the sample size (using SPSS software). Then, structural equation modeling was used to analyze the conceptual model and to test the hypotheses (using Smart PLS software). The hypotheses test results showed that knowledge management has a positive and significant impact on the financial performance of the organizations active in the e-banking industry and the innovation and organizational intelligence influence the relationship between knowledge management and the financial performance of the organizations. Thus, the mediating role of these two variables (innovation and intelligence) was confirmed.
Simulation of the ambulatory processes in the biggest Brazilian cardiology hospital: a petri net approach
Authors: Lima Fabio , Cortez Matheus Felipe , Schmidt Patricia Pessoa , Silvério Ana Karoline , Fernandes Alfredo Manoel da Silva , Chang Júnior João
Published: February 2021

This paper presents a simulation of an ambulatory processes using timed Petri net (TPN). The simulation considers the flow of patients in the biggest Brazilian cardiology hospital. The TPN is used as a decision support system (DSS) to improve the processes, to reduce the waiting time of the patients in the ambulatory and in this way to assure a high-quality service to the patients. Simulations were carried out using the software Visual Object Net++. This is a free software and therefore the presented solution is a low-cost solution. Providing a low-cost solution has a huge importance in this work since the hospital is kept from the government efforts and operates with limited financial resources. The patients’ flow in the hospital can be faced as a service and the modelling and optimization of these services bring more efficiency to the system as well as improve the human factors involved. The results proved that some changes could be made in the processes to improve the performance of the system.
Industry 4.0 perspectives in the health sector in Brazil
Authors: Silveira Franco da , Rodeghiero Neto Italo , Santos Bruno Miranda dos , Gasparetto Rafaela Maria de Oliveira , Machado Filipe Molinar , Rodrigues Paulo Cesar Chagas , Amaral Fernando Gonçalves
Published: February 2021

Health 4.0 can be understood as the set of procedures that seek to improve the efficiency and speed of health professionals with possible guidelines for combining patient data in hospitals. However, systematizing and qualitatively describing the contributions of industry 4.0 in the context of the Brazilian health sector is a complex task. The aim of this paper is to present an analysis of industry 4.0 related to the health sector and its respective characteristics in Brazil. In addition, it discusses the prospects for greater use of technology in health care. In methodological terms, an exploratory field research was conducted with a non-random and intentional sample of professionals working in the technological context of Brazilian health. The research is classified as descriptive and qualitative, exploratory. The results contribute to narrow the information gap about industry 4.0 in the Brazilian health sector. The study allowed to develop a concept map of health 4.0 regarding the professional profile, considering the adoption of technologies that may favor the sector.
Despotic leadership and job satisfaction among nurses: role of emotional exhaustion
Authors: Samad Abdul , Memon Salman Bashir , Ali Imdad
Published: February 2021

Job satisfaction is reported with chronic issues in the healthcare sector. Specifically, in the current milieu of COVID-19 pandemic, a grave attention has been divulged on the support of the healthcare system and wellbeing of paramedic staff. There is a dearth of research on contemporary leadership in the healthcare sector, particularly in developing countries. Objective of this study was to find the direct negative effect of despotic leadership on job satisfaction through emotional exhaustion among nurses based on Affective Events Theory assumptions. Data from a sample of 265 registered nurses was collected through self-administered questionnaire distribution method deployed in public hospitals using stratified random sampling technique. The data analysis results of PLS-SEM support for the assumed effect revealed that emotional exhaustion played the meditation role between despotic leadership and job satisfaction among nurses. This study advances AET theoretical shores, research knowledge, and suggests considering feasible practical implications for HR and government bodies in the public healthcare sector in developing countries.
Was the Alternative to the Cold War Possible? (To 75 anniversary of Great Victory and the creation of the UN). Article two
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gromyko Alexey
Published: February 2021

The article continues the research of the “big three” strategic thinking, especially the USSR and the USA, during the Second World War, their contribution to the post-war settlement with the United Nations as a key element. Their approaches to new mechanisms of global governance were developing on parallel and overlapping courses. On the chronology of the Cold War, the author proposes to define its start as an extended period from 1945 until the end of the decade. This methodology avoids absolutization of intentions, separate events and statements. Instead it imbeds them in the process of political-military structures’ construction, designed for regional and global confrontation. The attention is paid to the role of the subjective factor in transition of the “big three” from cooperation to the Cold War. The meaning of the Iranian crisis is demonstrated as an additional source of the Cold War’s premises. The author reveals the milieu of conflicting views in the US political establishment on the legacy of the “Roosevelt course” including the nuclear factor. The conclusion is drawn that in the years of the Second World War great powers pursued long-term policy towards the post-war settlement putting aside political conjuncture.
Features of the Confrontational Interaction Between the EU and Venezuela
Authors:   Institute of Latin America, Russian Academy of Sciences, Rozental Dmitriy
Published: February 2021

The article deals with the relations between the European Union and Venezuela in the source of an acute political and economic crisis. The author analyzes the various spheres of interaction between Brussels and Caracas, examines the evolution of the position of the EU. The main attention is paid to the policy of sanctions, to the EU's involvement into the negotiation process between the chavistas and the opposition, the humanitarian aid provided to the population of the Bolivarian Republic. The European Union faces difficult options. A de-escalation of tension with the government of Nicolas Maduro may strengthen the role of the EU in Venezuela. On the other hand, this policy could complicate the EU's relations with the United States and the opposition movements, which have united around the figure of Juan Guaido and have decided to boycott the parliamentary elections. The article is based on the latest factual data and sources that have not yet been introduced into scientific field