bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of OATP4C1 in Renal Handling of Remdesivir and its Nucleoside Analog GS-441524: The First Approved Drug for Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Sato Toshihiro , Maekawa Masamitsu , Mano Nariyasu , Abe Takaaki , Yamaguchi Hiroaki
Published: May 2021

Purpose. Remdesivir and its active metabolite are predominantly eliminated via renal route; however, information regarding renal uptake transporters is limited. In the present study, the interaction of remdesivir and its nucleoside analog GS-441524 with OATP4C1 was evaluated to provide the detailed information about its renal handling. Methods. We used HK-2 cells, a proximal tubular cell line derived from normal kidney, to confirm the transport of remdesivir and GS-441524. To assess the involvement of OATP4C1 in handling remdesivir and GS-441524, the uptake study of remdesivir and GS-441524 was performed by using OATP4C1-overexpressing Madin-Darby canine kidney II (MDCKII) cells. Moreover, we also evaluated the IC50 and Ki value of remdesivir. Results. The time-dependent remdesivir uptake in HK-2 cells was observed. The results of inhibition study using OATs and OCT2 inhibitors and OATP4C1 knockdown suggested the involvement of renal drug transporter OATP4C1. Remdesivir was taken up by OATP4C1/MDCKII cells. OATP4C1-mediated uptake of remdesivir increased linearly up to 10 min and reached a steady state at 30 min. Remdesivir inhibited OATP4C1-mediated transport in a concentration-dependent manner with the IC50 and apparent Ki values of 42 ± 7.8 μM and 37 ± 6.9 μM, respectively. Conclusions. We have provided novel information about renal handling of remdesivir. Furthermore, we evaluated the potential drug interaction via OATP4C1 by calculating the Ki value of remdesivir. OATP4C1 may play a pivotal role in remdesivir therapy for COVID-19, particularly in patients with kidney injury.
ANALYSIS OF SUGARCANE PRODUCTION IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN; CONSTRAINTS AND YIELD NEXUS
Authors: Raza Hafiz Ali , Amir Rana Muhammad
Published: May 2021

Purpose of study: For the previous couple of years, sugarcane crop production is under crisis for many reasons. This study aimed at exploring those reasons impeding the potential production of sugarcane in the Rahim Yar Khan district of Punjab, Pakistan.

Methodology: A total of 343 randomly selected sugarcane growers participated in this study as respondents. Data were collected through face-to-face interview techniques on a structured and validated questionnaire. Data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (version 22).

Results: Quantitative results indicated that the total production of sugarcane during the last two years dropped from 833 to 636 mounds per acre. The chi-square analysis confirmed that production, protection, climatic changes policy and financially associated factors had statistically significant (P<0.05) inverse impacts on sugarcane production. In contrast, the marketing factors were statistically non-significant for the production of sugarcane (P>0.05). The qualitative findings as perceived by key informants confirmed that non-availability of disease-resistant varieties, traditional irrigation mechanism, lack of proper plant protection measures, Integrated Pest Management (IPM), climate change, high cost of production, and sluggish policy had pressurized the sugarcane production.

Recommendations: It is suggested that the development of insect pests, diseasesand drought-resistant varieties should be launched. Efficient and alternate row irrigation system, climate change adoption strategies, integrated pest management, mechanized farming of sugarcane should be adopted in order to curtail the production cost and increase the level of production.

Novelty: Studies have been conducted to investigate the influencing factors on the yield of sugarcane but this is the first study that indicates the association of those factors that are hampering on-farm production of sugarcane crop in district Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan.
Applying Crime Prevention and Health Promotion Frameworks to the Problem of High Incarceration Rates for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Populations: Lessons from a Case Study from Victoria
Authors: Battams Samantha , Delany-Crowe Toni , Fisher Matt , Wright Lester , Krieg Anthea , McDermott Dennis , Baum Fran
Published: May 2021

This article examines what kinds of policy reforms are required to reduce incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people through a case study of policy in the Australian state of Victoria. This state provides a good example of a jurisdiction with policies focused upon, and developed in partnership with, Aboriginal communities in Victoria, but which despite this has steadily increasing incarceration rates of Indigenous people. The case study consisted of a qualitative analysis of two key justice sector policies focused upon the Indigenous community in Victoria and interviews with key justice sector staff. Case study results are analysed in terms of primary, secondary, and tertiary crime prevention; the social determinants of Indigenous health; and recommended actions from the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. Finally, recommendations are made for future justice sector policies and approaches that may help to reduce the high levels of incarceration of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.
Gambaran Psikologis Cinderella Complex Syndrome Pada Perempuan Suku Banjar (Studi Deskriptif Pada KAMMI Kota Banjarmasin)
Authors: Nurhafizah Ayu , Faridah Siti , Imadduddin Imadduddin
Published: May 2021

The cinderella complex syndrome is a network of attitudes and fears in women and makes them feel depressed, causing fearness to use their ability, thus their desire to always be taken care of and protected appeared. The purpose of this research is to know the psychological description of cinderella complex syndrome in women who joined KAMMI Banjarmasin which includes the forming process, factors, characteristics, and aspects. This is field research with descriptive qualitative approach in Banjarmasin with 2 subjects aged 20 and 21 years old. The data collecting methods used in this research is screening test using the scale of the cinderella complex syndrome, interviews, observation, and graphic tests (with analysis results of the tests that supervised by a psychologist). The result of this research indicates that the forming process of the cinderella complex syndrome is closely related to various childhood experiences. The influencing factors are culture, parenting, mass media, low self-esteem, and perception. The characteristics that apparent are lack of confidence, feel worthless, afraid to face challenges, hard to do everything by herself, often having psychosomatic, fear of failure, lazy to take a risk, and dependent. Aspects that seen are they expect directions from others, external self-control, low self-esteem, avoid challenges, and competitions. There are also aspects of emotions, cognitive, and social that has been successfully revealed through graphic test.
Gambaran Tawakal Pada Mahasiswa Yang Memiliki Penyakit Kronis
Authors: Zulkifli Munirah , Hairina Yulia , Mubarak Mubarak
Published: May 2021

Chronic illness is a dangerous disease that cannot be underestimated or ignored because it can cause death at any time, but this is not an excuse for some students at UIN Antasari where they live and continue their studies well even though in their bodies there are diseases that can cause death, this is because they choose to trust God because with trust they can live their lives better. So from that researchers are interested in examining the description of the trust process in students who have chronic diseases at UIN Antasari Banjarmasin and factors that influence attitudes trust.  This research uses a qualitative approach. The subjects in this study were 3 students of UIN Antasari who had chronic diseases.  Data collection in this study was obtained using Anecdotal Record observation techniques, and semi-structured interviews.  After the data is collected, it is then analyzed with the stages of editing, coding, description and concluding data.  Based on the results of this study, there are several aspects that arise after making trust, such as the emergence of calm and peace, generate strength, Rida, and the emergence of hope. The factors that influence tawakal behavior are, first, the environmental factors which come from the surrounding environment such as family, friends and the community.  These two factors are experiences in which the fator is able to provide input for life values.
Gambaran Konsep Diri Pengamen Jalanan
Authors: Fitria Fitria - , Abidin Muhammad Zainal , Imadduddin Imadduddin
Published: May 2021

Those who are able to judge themselves as poor or called negative self-concept, will always try to stay away in relationships with their surrounding environment or act aggressively unnaturally but not naturally but can judge themselves well or have a positive self-concept and can overcome their problems. whatever problem it will be able to face and will solve it. Based on preliminary studies and previous research, it was found that self-concept is an important concept for interacting with the environment. Therefore, this study aims to determine how the self-concept image of street residents in the Al-Ayjb Foundation includes internal and external dimensions. This study is a qualitative descriptive study, with 3 subjects aged 17-20 years old. The data method used is the interview method, the method of observation and the method of documentation. The results showed that the self-concept image of the street singers at Al-Ayjb Foundation based on the internal dimension tends towards a positive self-concept because of the three subjects expressing opinions or things that are good or positive about themselves while from the external dimension it tends to negative self-concept.
O Lyra e o seu Kinetographo: as primeiras exibições fílmicas no Recife
Authors: Silva Felipe Davson Pereira da , Nascimento Alcileide Cabral do
Published: May 2021

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar algumas exibições cinematográficas realizadas no Recife no final do século XIX. A partir de vestígios que permitiram compreender como ocorreram essas projeções e sua divulgação pela imprensa local. Esta pesquisa teve como um dos principais resultados o estudo sobre um dos pioneiros do cinema na cidade, Francisco Pereira de Lyra, que durante três meses, fez sessões pagas com o Kinetographo, em Recife.
Sexualidad y religiosidad
Authors: Aviz Alan Silva de
Published: May 2021

Este artículo es parte de un estudio que tuvo como objetivo comprender el fenómeno de la asistencia homosexual en las iglesias evangélicas de Belém do Pará. Basado en la historia de vida de seis personas que asisten a estos espacios religiosos, trato de señalar los hechos contradictorios, y al mismo tiempo tiempos conflictivos, entre la reconciliación de la sexualidad de estos personajes que dicen ser homosexuales y los dogmas, reglas y valores difundidos en tales iglesias, donde la frecuencia de los homosexuales no se ve de manera armoniosa en relación con la condición moral de vivir juntos. A través de una investigación etnográfica realizada en 2016 y 2017, el trabajo en cuestión apunta al dilema experimentado por los homosexuales en un intento de permanecer participantes en estas instituciones religiosas sin ser aceptado o incluso percibido como homosexuales, experimentando así una paradoja moral y social en la manera cómo se observa esta condición.
Alcohol-Related Risks for Slovene Secondary School Students on Graduation Trips: Ten Years Later
Authors: Sande Matej
Published: May 2021

The purpose of the research was to study the characteristics of risky alcohol use and alcohol-related risky behaviour of Slovene secondary school students attending graduation trips in the period of ten years (in 2007 and in 2017). We used the questionnaire from the first research study which we modified with questions addressing sexual behaviour of adolescents. The final sample included 371 students of the last years of secondary school (44.9% of boys and 55.1% of girls, the mean age was 17.8 years) attending graduation trips. The sample was unrepresentative and based on self-selection. Both research studies gave comparable results in the categories of alcohol use and risky alcohol use before the trip. The most notable increase was seen in the categories of lifetime prevalence and frequency of use of marijuana. The most common alcohol-related risks remain property damage, accidents, and issues arising from relations with friends. In addition to that, the following categories stand out: sharing embarrassing photos via social media, establishing sexual contacts which would not take place if sober, and unwanted sexual experiences. Almost half of them consumed alcohol before the last sexual intercourse. In the last decade, graduation trips have retained the status of specific environments, in which, compared with the period before the trip, the use of alcohol is characterised by greater risks for a higher percentage of adolescents. Given the results, the recommendations focus on interventions aimed at reducing specific risks related to the use of alcohol on graduation trips.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown on Anxiety in the Elderly population: a cross sectional study
Authors: Garg Abhinav , Gaur Vikas , Salvi Deepak , Garg Aparna
Published: May 2021

Background: The coronavirus pandemic is an epidemiological and psychological crisis. The elderly population is considered to be high risk for potential complications arising from the COVID-19 pandemic, and this fact can also potentially lead to anxiety symptoms amongst the elderly. Therefore, a study was conducted to assess the anxiety symptoms in elderly living in few major cities of Rajasthan state in India. Methods: The study was conducted from April 2020 to May 2020 using an online questionnaire which measured the levels of anxiety amongst the elderly population (age ≥ 65 years) living in the community via the GAD-7 (General Anxiety Disorder-7) scale. Responses were received from 162 participants. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and logistic regression. The level of statistical significance was kept at p value < 0.05. Results: Around 69.14% of the participants belonged to the age group of 65 -74 years; 61.72% of whom were male. Moreover, up to 82.72% of the participants were suffering from one or more chronic medical illnesses. Based on the GAD-7 scores, 30.25%, 12.35%, and 6.17% of the respondents were suffering from mild, moderate, and severe forms of anxiety, respectively. After applying a ≥ 5 score as a cut off score for the GAD-7 scale, 48.77% of the elderly participants were experiencing anxiety symptoms indicating further assessment. In those respondents with anxiety symptoms, significant association was observed with age (p = 0.00), sex (p = 0.04), and the zone of residence (p = 0.00). On the other hand, no significant association was observed with the presence of chronic medical illness such as Diabetes, Hypertension, COPD, etc. with anxiety symptoms (p = 0.77). Conclusion: This study has revealed a high prevalence of anxiety symptoms among the elderly population during the COVID-19 pandemic lock down. We recommend that a pre-planned strategy should be prepared for early identification of vulnerable elderly in the community who are at a greater risk of suffering from anxiety disorder under this stressful period.
PENGARUH MODUL KIMIA UMUM BERBASIS PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) TERHADAP PENGUASAAN KONSEP MAHASISWA PADA MATERI STOIKIOMETRI
Authors: Manurung Hisar Marulitua
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh modul kimia umum menggunakan problem based learning terhadap penguasaan konsep mahasiswa pada materi stoikiometri. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu (quasi eksperimen) dengan desain factorial 2x2. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika Universitas HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar semester ganjil Tahun Akademik 2020/2021. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan teknik random sampling yang terdiri dari 2 kelas, yaitu kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Kelas eksperimen (E-2) dengan perlakuan dibelajarkan dengan modul kimia umum berbasis problem based learning sedangkan kelas kontrol (E-1) dengan perlakuan dibelajarkan dengan modul kimia tanpa problem based learning. Variabel bebas adalah modul kimia berbasis problem based learning sedangkan variabel terikat adalah penguasaan konsep mahasiswa. Perhitungan hipotesis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan spss 20 dengan hasil penelitian sebagai berikut, (1) Penguasaan konsep mahasiswa kategori mengingat (C1) pada kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi daripada kelas kontrol, (2) Penguasaan konsep mahasiswa kategori menjelaskan (C2) pada kelas kontrol lebih tinggi daripada kelas eksperimen, (3) Penguasaan konsep mahasiswa kategori menerapkan (C3) pada kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi daripada kelas kontrol, (4) Penguasaan konsep mahasiswa kategori menganalisis (C4) pada kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi daripada kelas kontrol, (5) Penguasaan konsep mahasiswa kategori mengevaluasi (C5) pada kelas eksperimen sama dengan kelas kontrol, (6) Penguasaan konsep mahasiswa kategori menciptakan (C6) pada kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi daripada kelas kontrol, dan (7) Terdapat pengaruh modul kimia umum menggunakan problem based learning terhadap penguasaan konsep mahasiswa pada materi stoikiometri.
Fermentation of Soybean Seeds Using Rhizopus oligosporus for Tempeh Production and Standardization Based on Isoflavones Content
Authors: Dwiatmaka Yohanes , Lukitaningsih Endang , Yuniarti Nunung , Wahyuono Subagus
Published: May 2021

Tempeh is an Indonesian traditional food, made from white soybean seeds by fermentation with Rhizopus mold. Soybean seeds content high isoflavone glycosides. Isoflavones can act as phytoestrogen, antioxidant and improves memory. Isoflavone glycosides are poorly absorbed in the human body, but the aglycone isoflavones absorbed quickly. Rhizopus mold hydrolize isoflavone glycosides to be aglycone isoflavones during tempeh production. This research was aimed to know the best room temperature and time of fermentation for making soybean tempeh with high content of isoflavones. After rinsing and boiling, the soybean seeds than fermented with Rhizopus oligosporus. Three conditions were applied: (a) ambient temperature (27-32oC) without air circulation, (b) 27±0.5 oC, and (c) 30±0.5 oC both with air circulations. Inner temperature of tempeh was recorded hourly. Total isoflavones were measured with UV spectrophotometer every 6 hours. Based on this study, fermentation at condition a caused the tempeh too hot and rotted quickly. Fermentation at condition b and c produced tempeh with good quality. Tempeh ripening was reached between 31-32 hours with inner temperature 32-33 oC. Fermentation for 72 hours at condition b was chosen because its high total isoflavones content (0.089% w/w), but decrease about 20% compare to soybean seeds (0.112% w/w).
Rethinking Life and Predicting Its Origin
Authors: Gonçalves Diogo
Published: May 2021

The definition, origin and recreation of life remain elusive. As others have suggested, only once we put life into reductionist physical terms will we be able to solve those questions. To that end, this work proposes the phenomenon of life to be the product of two dissipative mechanisms. From them, one reinterprets extant biological life and deduces a testable scenario for its origin. The proposed theory of life allows its replication, reinterprets ecological evolution, brings new constraints to astrobiology and lays the foundations for groundbreaking technologies.
An Integrative Approach to Assess the Environmental Impacts of Gold Mining Contamination in the Amazon
Authors: V. Capparelli Mariana , Cabrera Marcela , Rico Andreu , Lucas-Solis Oscar , Alvear-S Danieal , Vasco Samantha , Galarza Emily , Shiguango Lady , Pinos-Velez Veronica , Perez-Gonzalez Andrés , Espinosa Rodrigo , M. Moulatlet Gabriel
Published: May 2021

As the number of legal and illegal mining sites increase, integrative methods to evaluate the effects of mining pollution on Andes-Amazonia freshwater ecosystems are paramount. Here, we sampled water and sediments in 11 sites potentially affected by mining activities in the Napo province (Ecuador). The environmental impacts were evaluated using four lines of evidence (LOEs): water physico-chemical parameters; metal exposure concentrations; macroinvertebrate community response (AAMBI); and toxicity by conducting bioassays with Lactuca sativa and Daphnia magna. Overall, dissolved oxygen and total suspended solids were, under (<80%) and above (>130 mg/Ls) quality standards. Ag, Al, As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn in water and V, B and Cr in sediments were detected above quality standards. Nine out of eleven sites were classified as having bad environmental quality based on the AAMBI. Ranges of L. sativa seed germination in both water (37% to 70%) and sediment (0% to 65%), indicate significant toxicity. In 5 sites, neonates of D. magna showed a 25% reduction in survival compared to the control. Our integrated LOEs index ranked sites regarding their environmental degradation. Given the importance of the Andes-Amazon region, we recommend environmental impact monitoring of the mining expansion using multiple LOEs.
Three Studies Evaluating the Potential For Lidocaine, Bupivacaine or Procaine to Reduce Pain-Related Behaviors Following Ring Castration and/or Tail Docking in Lambs
Authors: Small Alison , Fetiveau Manon , Smith Robin , Colditz Ian
Published: May 2021

Use of local anesthesia at the time of ring castration and tail docking can improve lamb welfare. However, few local anesthetics are registered for sheep, and data on their duration of effect is limited. Three studies were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of procaine (P), lidocaine (L) and bupivacaine (B) in terms of observed alleviation of behavioral responses to castration and/or tail docking in 10-min blocks in the first 60 min post treatment. In each study, comparisons were made between two groups of lambs castrated and/or tail docked with rubber rings and either receiving the agent using the NUMNUTS® instrument (N) or receiving no anesthetic agent (RR). Acute pain behavior was lower in NL (n = 28) than RRL (n = 15) males in the first 10 min post procedure (P < 0.05); lower in NB (n = 16) than RRB (n = 16) males in periods 10-20 min (0.05 < P < 0.01), 20-30 min (P < 0.05) and 40-50 min (0.05 < P < 0.01); lower in NB (n = 16) than RRB (n = 16) females between 20 and 40 min post-procedure (0.05 < P < 0.01); lower in NP (n = 8) than RRP (n = 7) males in period 10-20 min (0.05 < P < 0.01), and lower in NP (n = 9) than RRP (n = 9) females in periods 0-10 min (0.05 < P < 0.01), and 10-40 min (P < 0.05). Analgesic benefits were modest, and the effects of procaine appear to last longer than lidocaine, while bupivacaine is slower to take effect than either procaine or lidocaine but may provide longer lasting analgesia. The duration of action of local anesthetics is short in sheep, and detailed behavioral evaluations are required in the first hour post procedure to establish efficacy.
A Quantitative 1H-NMR Method for Screening Cannabinoids in CBD Oils
Authors: Barthlott Ines , Scharinger Andreas , Golombek Patricia , Kuballa Thomas , Lachenmeier Dirk W.
Published: May 2021

Toxicologically relevant levels of the psychoactive ∆9-tetrahydocannabinol (∆9-THC) as well as high levels of non-psychoactive cannabinoids potentially occur in CBD (cannabidiol) oils. For consumer protection in the fast-growing CBD oil market, facile and rapid quantitative methods to determine the cannabinoid content are crucial. However, the current standard method, i.e., liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), requires a time-consuming multistep sample preparation. In this study, a quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (qNMR) method for screening cannabinoids in CBD oils was developed. Contrary to the HPLC-MS/MS method, this qNMR features a facile sample preparation, i.e., only diluting the CBD oil in deuterochloroform. Pulse length-based concentration determination (PULCON) enables a direct quantification using an external standard. The signal intensities of the cannabinoids were enhanced during the NMR spectra acquisition by means of multiple suppression of the triglycerides which are a major component of the CBD oil matrix. The validation confirmed linearity for CBD, cannabinol (CBN), ∆9-THC and ∆8-THC in hemp seed oil with sufficient recoveries and precision for screening. Comparing the qNMR results to HPLC-MS/MS data for 46 commercial CBD oils verified the qNMR accuracy for ∆9-THC and CBD but with higher limits of detection. The developed qNMR method paves the way for increasing the sample throughput as a complementary screening before HPLC-MS/MS.
Doing embelêco in musical education: what the embelêco can teach us about a rural musical education
Authors: Santana Lindiane de , Lucini Marizete
Published: May 2021

The Embelêco is an artistic and cultural expression, of oral tradition, which takes place in the municipality of Moita Bonita – Sergipe, especially at the Capunga village. In this text, we intend to reflect, based on Decolonial Education and the principles of Rural Education, about the cracks opened by this expression (the Embelêco) in the structures of Musical Education. In order to keep the movement alive, the griot masters teach and the young people learn how to make music. In this process, beyond the musical knowledge, other knowledges are intertwined, which contributes to the musical performance itself. These knowledges are essential for people to construct self-consciousness and to develop awareness for the community. This way, we understand that the artistic and cultural expressions of Brazilian popular culture can be one of the ways to think about a decolonial musical education, acting in the cracks of the modern, scholar, eurocentered, and conservative logic of musical teaching.
ANALISIS OPTIMASI PENGGUNAAN FAKTOR PRODUKSI KOPI BUBUK PADA AGROINDUSTRI XYZ DI KOTA JAMBI
Authors: Ulma Riri Oktari , Nurchaini Dewi Sri , Damayanti Yusma
Published: May 2021

This research aims to determine the influence of the factors of production of raw materials (coffee beans) and labor in the coffee ground agroindustry in Jambi City, analyze the level of optimization or economic efficiency of the use of coffee bean production factors and labor in the coffee ground agroindustry and determine the use of production factors optimal coffee beans and labor in the coffee ground agroindustry. This research was conducted for six (6) months from April to September 2019. The research subjects were the owner of the ground coffee business and the object of research was ground coffee produced in various types of packaging. 1 month, starting June 2019 until July 2019. Based on the research results physical/technical addition of raw materials for coffee beans and labor per quarter influences the increase in ground coffee production. Each additional raw material for coffee beans by 10% will increase the production of ground coffee by 4.09%, while the addition of labor will increase the production of ground coffee by 4.14%. The use of coffee bean raw material production factors can be added up to an optimal limit of 28,876.35 kg/quarter or there is an increase of 23.68% of the actual use. In one month the optimal limit is the amount of raw material used to be 9,625.45 kg or 385.02 kg per day. The use of labor can be added up to an optimal limit of 114 working people (HOK) or an increase of 25.30% of the actual use of labor. Calculated in working hours, the optimal use of working hours is 17,100 working hours per quarter or 5,700 working hours per month. Within one workday the limit for the optimal use of work is 228 hours with the number of workers being ± 38 people. The optimum amount of production is 27,354.32 / quarter, an increase of 5,165.02 kg (23.28%) of actual production. The optimum profit increased by Rp 335,257,566.67 or 23.68% of the actual profit.

 
KINERJA DAN EFISIENSI RANTAI PASOK (SUPPLY CHAIN) NANAS DI DESA TANGKIT BARU KECAMATAN SUNGAI GELAM KABUPATEN MUARO JAMBI
Authors: Yanita Mirawati , Wahyuni Ira
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to analyze the pineapple supply chain's performance and efficiency in Tangkit Baru Village, Sungai Gelam District, Muaro Jambi Regency. The data used in the study was primary data, obtained from direct interviews using questionnaires to 76 respondents consisting of 56 farmers, and 20 marketing agencies involved in pineapple marketing in Tangkit Baru Village from October to December 2019. Pineapple supply chain performance is measured based on marketing efficiency using marketing margin criteria, farmer's share, and profit-to-cost marketing ratio. The results showed that there are five pineapple marketing channels in Tangkit Baru Village that involve marketing actors ranging from farmers, large inter-city traders, village collectors, out-of-pick-up merchants, retailers and consumers. Based on the analysis of marketing efficiency, the marketing channel that has the smallest total margin distribution, the largest farmer share is 100 percent and the total profit-to-cost ratio of 32.2 percent is the 5 marketing channel, so channel 5 is the most efficient marketing channel.
KEBERLANJUTAN KEMITRAAN PETANI PLASMA TEH DAN PT. PAGILARAN : BAGAIMANA DAN APA YANG MEMENGARUHI?
Authors: Perwitasari Hani , Widada Arif Wahyu , Pranyoto Anung , Mulyo Jangkung Handoyo , Sugiyarto Sugiyarto , Anggrasari Herdiana
Published: May 2021

Many Nucleus Estate-Small holding (NES) coo-partnerships often experience dynamics and leave several problems for both parties engaged in the partnership, and in serious way, it may threaten the sustainability of the partnership. This research’s objectives are 1) to determine the level of willingness to sustain the

NES coo-partnership, and 2) to analyze the determinant factors of the willingness to

sustain the NES coo-partnership. Location of the research comprises two villages

namely Kaliboja and Kaliombo, located in Paninggaran sub-district, Pekalongan

regency. Ninety tea farmers selected by using convenience sampling method are

involved and interviewed. Descriptive method and ordered logistic regression are

employed to answer the objectives of the research. The result shows that most farmers are willing to sustain the NES coo-partnership. Moreover, the determinant factors of the willingness to sustain partnerships are the age of farmer, farmer’s tea production, and partnership effectiveness.
KONTRIBUSI PENDAPATAN TENAGA KERJA WANITA PADA USAHA EMPING MELINJO TERHADAP PENDAPATAN KELUARGA DI DESA PLUMBON KECAMATAN LIMPUNG KABUPATEN BATANG
Authors: Saadah Miratus , Wahyuningsih Sri , Awami Shofia Nur , Sasongko Lutfi Aris
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this research is to find out 1)the reasons why women

workers work in melinjo chips, 2)the average allocation of women's work hours in melinjo chips, 3)the contribution of women workers to melinjo chips businesses on family income and, 4)factors that influence women's income contribution to the melinjo chips business. Respondents were taken by purposive sampling with the number of respondents as many as 45 women workers in 3 business ventures in Plumbon Village, Limpung District, Batang Regency. The results showed that the reason of women work in the business seen from dominant economic factors to help husbands find additional household income. While social factors, namely to fill spare time. The average working hours of women workers in melinjo business is 8 hours/day. The contribution of women workers in the emping melinjo business to family income was 33,68 percent. R2 value obtained using multiple linear regression models of 0.686 shows that the proportion of the influence of independent variables (women's income, husband's income and the number of family dependents) on the dependent variable in the form of women's income contribution to the melinjo chips business was 68.6% while the remaining 31.4% is influenced by other variables not found in the linear regression model in this study. The results of the F-test and t-test showed that the variance in women's income, husband's income and the number of

family dependents had a significant effect on women's income contribution.
Sequential Bilateral Achilles Tendon Rupture in a Teenager After Ponseti Treatment for Bilateral Clubfoot
Authors: Aretakis Alexander C. , Georgopoulos Gaia
Published: May 2021

Case:

Our patient was born with bilateral congenital clubfeet and underwent standard Ponseti treatment. At 8 months of age, bilateral percutaneous Achilles tenotomies were performed, with an excellent outcome. At 16 years, he suffered a unilateral Achilles tendon rupture, and at 18 years, he suffered a contralateral Achilles rupture, both of which were successfully repaired.

Conclusion:

As far as we know, this is the first reported case of bilateral Achilles tendon ruptures in an adolescent. This patient also previously underwent Ponseti casting and Achilles tenotomy for congenital clubfoot. We are aware of 5 previously reported cases of Achilles rupture in a pediatric or adolescent patient.
Restrictions of the Islamic Financial System and Counterpart Financial Support for Xinjiang
Authors: Huang Helen Hui , Wang Hui , Wei Zexin , Xia Jiawei , Zhang Shunming
Published: May 2021

This paper builds a theoretical framework of two-period general equilibrium model to explore whether 1) the restrictions of the Islamic financial system (RIFS) limit economic development in Xinjiang and 2) counterpart financial support for Xinjiang (CFSX) promotes economic development and social stability. First, we introduce above mentioned restrictions caused by Islamic beliefs into a general equilibrium model and modify Islamic agents’ budget constraints to define the benchmark equilibrium. Comparing the benchmark equilibrium with the perfect equilibrium, in which these restrictions are removed, we discover the RIFS paradox that RIFS undermine the social welfare and income of Muslims. Second, the financial support is introduced into the pattern of benchmark equilibrium as an exogenous variable to model its impact and hence we define the CFSX equilibrium. A series of policy analyses implies that the CFSX strategy improves living standards and social welfare in Xinjiang.
A Bounded Commitment in Vertical Collaborations of New Product Development
Authors: Ge Zehui , Ren Zhengkun , Hu Qiying , Jia Yiheng
Published: May 2021

Uncertainty is a main source of opportunistic behaviors in research and development cooperations, which challenges strategic decisions ranging from investments to operations. To avoid opportunism arising in cooperations, commitments (either formal contracts or informal communications) are generally made in advance by members of an alliance. However, how does a commitment encourage R&D investments and ultimately enhance the total performance, without loss of flexibility in ex post operations? This study attempts to answer this by investigating a bounded commitment in the context of vertical collaborations in a supply chain. In this exploratory study, a 3-stage game model is used (by backward induction) to examine a two-echelon supply chain under a bounded commitment in NPD. Our analysis shows that upstream R&D investment is stimulated more and that both members are better off under the bounded commitment. At the same time, when the relative bargaining power between the supplier and the manufacturer falls into an appropriate area, it is possible to reach a bounded commitment, and the manufacturer is more sensitive to this relationship. Finally, the bounded commitment restrains opportunistic behaviors, but there is no strong sign that an increase in the ratio of the order outside the chain to the inside one can make firms better.
Big Data Analytics for Improving Financial Performance and Sustainability
Authors: Zhu Xiangyu , Yang Yang
Published: May 2021

In this study, the key drivers of sustainability commitment, green supply chain management, big data integration and green human resource practice are explored, and the impact of these sustainable capabilities on the environmental and financial performance of banks is also elaborated. In addition, the influence of green management practices on integrating big data technology into operations is presented. As for the concept of dynamic ability, it has been used to recommend and empirically test conceptual models. Data were collected through a self-administrated survey questionnaire on 317 people working in 37 banks in six Asian countries. Research suggests that big data analytics strategies have an impact on internal processes and on the stability and financial performance of banks. Besides, it is indicated that banks are committed to proper data monitoring of their customers to complete operational efficiency and sustainability goals. Furthermore, our result proved that banks practicing Green Innovation strategies experience better environmental and economic performance because their employees are already trained in Green HR. Finally, from our study, it was found that internal and external green supply chain management practices have a positive effect on the environmental and financial performance of banks, thus ensuring that the bank of Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) mitigates the environmental impact through its operations and ultimately experiences an increase in financial performance.
The Effect of Smoking and Respiration of Carbon Monoxide among Active Smokers in Palembang, Indonesia
Authors: Sitorus Rico Januar , Purba Imelda Gernauli , Natalia Merry , Tantrakarnapa Kraichat
Published: May 2021

Smoking leads to disease and disability as well as harm nearly every organ of the body. Furthermore, smoking of tobacco is known to cause pulmonary dysfunction and lead to complications, pain, or even death. This study aims to measure the risk factors for the respiration of carbon monoxide among smokers. A cross-sectional design was implemented by involving 156 smokers in Karyajaya Subdistrict, Palembang City. The dependent variable was carbon monoxide levels (ppm), while the independent variables were smoking frequency, duration, and the last period of smoking. The carbon monoxide levels (ppm) measured with a PiCO + Smokerlyzer® device from Bedfont Scientific Limited were the research tool and the independent variables of the questionnaire. The pearson Correlation and multiple linear regression were used for the analysis. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis revealed that smoking duration assessment is related to carbon monoxide respiration after controlling smoking frequency, the last period of smoking, and the distance of residence to sources of exposure. The smoker's respiration of carbon monoxide level was 72.5% influenced by the duration, frequency, last period of smoking, and distance of residence to sources of exposure. Reducing the frequency of smoking and stopping may prevent and control carbon monoxide respiration.
Empowering Health Cadres to Support Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) Patient to Enroll in Treatment
Authors: Febriani Esty , Wibowo Adik , Kak Neeraj , Jassim Al Mossawi Hala
Published: May 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a big challenge globally, meanwhile, the involvement of health cadres’ constitute one of the key strategies for the TB program in Indonesia. These roles were further expanded to providing support to DR-TB patients. This was a qualitative study, conducted in 2015 to explore the various factors which influence the performance of health cadres’ in supporting DR-TB patients to enroll in treatment. A total of 39 informants consisting of 24 health cadres, three nurses, four DR-TB patients and three family members, two peer support, a Head of Primary Health Care, and two TB staffs from the District Health Office were recruited for this study.  Meanwhile, a refresher training for health cadres was conducted with topics on TB knowledge, community support, effective communication, as well as patient tracing. There was no significant difference in the pre and post-test results, however, the health cadres showed great capability in communicating and assessing the condition of patients. In addition, the health cadres assisted in carrying out patient tracing process, an important initial step to better understand the overall condition of patients and identify problems faced while seeking treatment. Health cadres needs to work with various parties such as family members, close relative to the patient, peer support groups, and nurses to encourage patients to enroll in treatment.
National Health Insurance Scheme: Internal and External Barriers in the Use of Reproductive Health Services among Women
Authors: Martha Evi , Lestari Herna , Zulfa Resvi Siti , Sopamena Yoslien
Published: May 2021

Lack of familiarity among the community, medical workers, and administrative staff regarding reproductive health services covered by Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) or the National Health Insurance (NHI) in Indonesia, remained a problem. Therefore, this resulted in sub-optimal use of the medical services, as shown by surveys from the Women's Health Foundation for three consecutive years (2015-2017). This qualitative study was conducted with a Rapid Assessment Procedure design in three cities within Indonesia, namely Padang Pariaman, Manado, and Kupang. Data were collected through IDIs (n = 47 informants) and 6 FGDs (7 persons/group). Participants also consisted of NHI RHS users (mothers and young women), administrative officers at health facilities, medical services providers, and officials related to the NHI assistance. Data were managed using NVivo version 2.0 software, accompanied by thematic analysis. The internal barriers in the use of NHI included inadequate knowledge of RHS covered by NHI, and a culture of shame in informants. External barriers included additional costs for medicines not covered by NHI, the dissatisfaction of health services provided by medical workers, busy work and household activities, with the lack of women's role in decision-making within families, which related to reproductive wellness.
The Significance of Super Depo Sutorejo: Waste Management Project in Surabaya Municipality, Indonesia
Authors: Windi Yohanes Kambaru , Wijayanti Dyah , Wiyatno Eko Rustamaji , Rahariyani Loetfia Dwi
Published: May 2021

The Super Depo Sutorejo Surabaya (SDSS) Project was created to separate household waste into fractions, but its separation effect is unknown. This study assessed the significance of the project in sorting general waste into biodegradable, non-biodegradable, and assorted. The t-test compared the means of general and biodegradable waste (normally distributed). The non-biodegradable and assorted waste were not significantly distributed; therefore, the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was used to compare their medians against general waste. The multivariate analysis compared the significance level of each waste fraction. Each statistical analysis showed that the SDSS significantly sorts the general waste. The p-values were (0.000) < 0.05 for each type of waste fraction. Furthermore, the multivariate analysis showed that all variables were similar, and p-values (0.00) < 0.05. The biodegradable waste was the most significant fraction (M = 176,715.9; SD = 57,990.8), followed by the assorted (M = 171,412.5; SD = 94,631.3), and non-biodegradable (M = 35,243.8; SD = 17,290.7). The results showed that the SDSS significantly segregates general waste into biodegradable, non-biodegradable, and assorted, therefore hypothesis (H1) is accepted. This study recommends the Government of Surabaya to maintain and expand this waste management project throughout the city alongside the improvement of the community participation program.
Fibre Bridging and Nozzle Clogging in 3D Printing of Discontinuous Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites: Coupled CFD-DEM Modelling
Authors: Zhang Hao , Zhang Lixing , Zhang Haoqi , Wu Jiang , An Xizhong , Yang Dongmin
Published: May 2021

A coupled multiphase model based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete element method (DEM) is developed to numerically investigate the extrusion-based 3D printing process of discontinuous carbon fibre reinforced polymer composites. Short carbon fibres are modelled as rigid bodies by clumping discrete spheres in DEM, while polymer matrix is treated as an incompressible Newtonian fluid in CFD. A fluid-particle interaction model is adopted to couple DEM and CFD and represent the dynamic fibre/matrix interaction. Collisions between fibres are considered naturally in DEM by using the Hertz-Mindlin contact law. The coupled CFD-DEM is validated, both qualitatively and quantitatively, against X-ray microtomography (µCT) experimental results for the T300/PA6 composite. Parametric study on various fibre lengths, fibre volume fraction and resin viscosity using the CFD-DEM model shows that the nozzle clogging tends to occur when the fibre length and/or the fibre volume fraction are increased. Use of a polymer matrix with a lower viscosity can be effective to eliminate the clogging issue when printing composites with relatively short fibres. The fibre length is dominating when long fibres are used and the clogging is largely independent on the viscosity of the polymer matrix. Finally, a potential solution of using a cone sleeve insert located above the shrinking region to address the nozzle clogging issue is proposed and numerically assessed.
Histone Demethylase UTX Compromises Articular Chondrocyte Anabolism and Aggravates Osteoarthritic Degeneration
Authors: Lian Wei-Shiung , Wu Re-Wen , Ko Jih-Yang , Chen Yu-Shan , Wang Shao-Yu , Yu Chun-Ping , Jahr Holger , Wang Feng-Sheng
Published: May 2021

Histone demethylase UTX removes repressive trimethyl groups at lysine 27 of histone 3 (H3K27me3) to regulate tissue integrity, while its role was not yet studied in articulating joint tissues in situ. We now found that UTX expression in articular chondrocytes positively correlated with human osteoarthritis. Utx overexpression induced chondrocyte dysfunction, cartilage degeneration and osteophyte induction in mice. In contrast, chondrocyte-specific Utx knockout in mice promoted gross articular morphology and delayed age- and collagenase-induced cartilage erosion, synovitis and osteophyte formation and largely eliminated disease-associated joint pain. Additionally, pharmacological inhibition of Utx through GSK-J4 preserved cartilage integrity. Our study is the first to suggest that Utx loss-mediated cartilage protection involved a dysregulation of polycomb repressive complex 2 core components EZH2, EED, and SUZ12 to induce H3K27 hypomethylation and a net anabolic effect. Specifically, Utx loss-of-function appears to involve, among others, Wnt10a signaling to reduce chondrocytic activities and an IGF-2-mediated stimulation of extracellular matrix synthesis.