bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Homozygous deletion of exon 7 in SMN1 gene without phenotypic features of spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Ghanei Mahmoud , Fatemi Seyedeh Helia Sadat , Soudyab Mohammad , Jafarzadeh esfehani Reza
Published: December 2022

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA)(OMIM#:253300) is an autosomal recessive disorder, resulting in symmetrical progressive weakness of skeletal and respiratory muscles and atrophy. The corresponding gene for the disease is the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) and SMN2 genes. Homozygous deletion of SMN1 exons is the most common underlying cause of the disease, and SMN2 copy numbers modify the disease phenotype. However, homozygous deletion of exon 7 of SMN1 in a completely asymptomatic individual is an extremely rare finding. The present report discusses a case of homozygote deletion of exon 7 of SMN1 in a healthy female. A healthy couple with a family history of affected family members with SMA was referred for genetic counseling. Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of the couple and the copy number of exon 7 of the SMN1 gene was assessed for using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Assessment of SMN1-related ct in the female compared with control samples showed that the female had a homozygous deletion in the SMN1 gene. PCR-RFLP and gel electrophoresis results also confirmed the homozygous deletion of exon 7 in the female SMN1 gene.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study and also other findings in previous studies, the lack of symptoms in the female with biallelic deletion of SMN1 may be related to the presence of SMN2 copies or other modifier genes.
Sympathetic skin response, cutaneous silent period and nociceptive flexion reflex in Fabry disease
Authors: Bölük Cem , Akıncı Yasemin , Seyahi Nurhan , Uzun Adatepe Nurten , Gündüz Ayşegül
Published: December 2022

Background & Objective: Fabry disease is one of the well-known causes of the small fiber neuropathy. This study aims to explore small and large nerve fiber functions in patients with Fabry disease without using any extra equipment in a standard neurophysiology laboratory.
Methods: Patients with Fabry disease at our tertiary center were invited to the electrophysiology laboratory. Routine nerve conduction studies (NCS), sympathetic skin response (SSR), cutaneous silent period (CSP) and nociceptive flexion reflex (NFR) tests were performed. The same protocol was applied to matched healthy subjects.
Results: Nineteen patients and 19 healthy controls were included. Carpal tunnel syndrome was diagnosed in 3 patients (15.9%). Palmar and plantar SSRs could not be obtained in 4 and 9 patients, respectively. Abnormal CSP responses in the upper and lower extremities were recorded in 2 and 7 patients, respectively. The NFR response was abnormal in 8 patients. In total, at least one of the SSR, CSP or NFR was abnormal in 73.7% of patients.
Conclusions: The study showed that combining SSR, CSP and NFR tests along with NCS could help to determine any abnormality in small and large fiber functions in most patients. The overall sensitivity of all tests was approximately 70% compared with the clinical diagnosis of small fiber neuropathy. This study is unique in that it explored a combination of NCS, SSR, CSP and NFR tests in Fabry disease.
A rare mutation in exon 7 of the NOTCH3 gene in a Chinese CADASIL family: Case report with a literature review
Authors: Ni Fei-Lin , Dai Jian-Feng , Zhang Wei-Jun , Hou Qun , Zhang Juan
Published: December 2022

More than 300 mutations have been reported since NOTCH3 was identified as the causal gene of CADASIL. However, mutation sites on exon 7 have rarely been reported in patients with CADASIL. We reported a 44-year-old female from a Chinese family with a clear family history presented with progressive dizziness and gait disturbance for more than 2 months and aggravated for 20 days. Whole- exome sequencing (WES) was used to identify a rare heterozygous missense variant (NM_000435.3: c.1136G>C) of NOTCH3 in this patient. PolyPhen-2 and VarSite predicted that this mutation site was probably pathogenic with the highest score of 1.00 and highly conserved among species. Our case report first identified a rare C379S mutation in exon 7 of NOTCH3 in a Chinese CADASIL family, expanding the ethnic spectrum of this condition. Moreover, in view of our report and literature, if patients have a clear family history and manifest uncommon clinical manifestations of CADASIL such as dizziness and atypical headache, clinicians could consider screening NOTCH3.
Contrast-induced encephalopathy following intra- arterial iodinated contrast media injection in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Jin Dongxia , Li Ximing , Cong Hongliang , Li Tingting , Chen Hua , Mi Wei
Published: December 2022

Background & Objective: This study examined the current status of contrast-induced encephalopathy (CIE) following intra-arterial iodinated contrast media injection in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Specifically, we aimed to examine the clinical, epidemiological characteristics, pathogenic mechanisms, and clinical symptoms of CIE in patients with ASCVD in order to promote its prompt diagnosis and treatment.
Methods: Chinese and English scientific databases were searched using the following search terms: atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, contrast- induced encephalopathy, neurotoxicity, encephalopathy, brain injury, cortical blindness, cerebral/carotid arteriography, cardiac catheterization, coronary angiography, percutaneous coronary intervention, and peripheral arteriography. The retrieved articles and references of the primary articles were used to collect the basic information. SPSS 20.0 and Excel statistic software were used to conduct this retrospective analysis.
Results: A total of 89 cases consisting of 87 patients were identified. Of all the patients, 59 (67.05%) were male. Patients had an average age of 67.12 + 10.51 years. In addition, 64 (73.56%) had hypertension, 26 (29.89) had diabetes mellitus, 14 (16.09%) had renal impairment, and 5 (5.75%) had old cerebral infarction or transient cerebral ischemia. The mean and median volumes of administered iodinated contrast media were 228.41 and 190 ml, respectively (range: 25–1500 ml). The symptoms included cortical blindness (24.72%), delirium (13.48%), hemiplegia (10.11%), seizure (8.99%), and ophthalmoplegia (5.62%). The symptoms typically appeared within minutes to hours following the contrast administration and always resolved entirely within 24–72 hours. Only 4 patients suffered irreversible damage; 1 of these patients died after 56 days of treatment.
Conclusions: CIE is a rare complication during the intervention procedure. It has variable presentations with an excellent prognosis. Nevertheless, it can result in clinical complications, such as neurological sequelae or even death on rare occasions. Therefore, physicians should pay close attention to implementing appropriate measures.
Neural stem cell secretome injection decreased neuropathic pain expression on subacute spinal cord injury rats model
Authors: Semita I Nyoman , Prasetyo Aris , Ahmadah Ibrila Asfarina
Published: December 2022

Background: Neuropathic pain is one of the quality of life problems after spinal cord injury (SCI) that is caused by the lack of neurotrophic agents that modulate the regeneration process. The neural stem cell (NSC)-secretome has the potential as a neurotrophic agent for palliative treatment after SCI. The effect of NSC-secretome is still unproven. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of NSC-secretome on neuropathic pain.
Methods: In this experimental study, ten male rats were divided into two groups. The first group did not receive NSC-secretome. The second group was injected with NSC-secretome (30 µL) intrathecally into the injury site. The neuropathic pain was measured using a real-time rat grimace scale in the 3rd and 4th weeks after injury.
Result: The result of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) independent sample t-test analysis shows a significant difference between a group without and with NSC-secretome administration in the 3rd week (p<0.001) and 4th week (p=0.004). NSC-secretome group significantly decreased the neuropathic pain compared to the control group.
Conclusion: NSC-secretome injection is able to reduce the neuropathic pain expression on subacute SCI rats model.
Adopción parcial e integral de la filosofía Lean en la industria de manufactura eléctrica y electrónica en México
Authors: Chávez Pineda Jesús Arturo
Published: December 2022

La filosofía Lean se considera por las organizaciones de manufactura de todo el mundo como un enfoque gerencial crucial para mejorar el desempeño operativo. Este documento se enfoca en conocer en qué grado se han adoptado las técnicas Lean dentro de la industria maquiladora en México. El objetivo de la presente investigación consiste en analizar si estas técnicas se han adoptado de forma integral o parcial utilizando como modelo de investigación la Casa del Sistema de Producción Toyota, en la industria maquiladora de manufactura eléctrica y electrónica en México. A partir de una muestra de 83 plantas maquiladoras de estos sectores, se clasificaron por medio de un análisis de clúster en plantas con una adopción parcial o integral y un alto grado de implementación de estas técnicas de acuerdo al modelo de investigación. Los resultados muestran evidencia de que la mayoría de las plantas bajo estudio muestran una adopción parcial de estas técnicas y un menor porcentaje de estas plantas ha realizado una adopción integral con un alto grado de implementación.
The Law of One Price and Its Violation: An Update on Empirical Advances
Authors: Kamal Khnd Md Mostafa , Khan Mohammad Shihab
Published: December 2022

A monetary policy aiming to achieve some desirable macroeconomic objectives may be ineffective to some degree when the highly warranted Law of One Price (LOP) operation is violated. This essentialises identification of the potential barriers to price convergence in different contexts to maximize effectiveness of the monetary policies. With this end in view this study carries out a comprehensive review of the existing literature regarding the LOP and the half-life of the price convergence. The existing empirical evidences find that the prices tend to converge in most cases, and the barriers to and the speed of the price convergence depend on the specific contexts. Moreover, by using major Australian city-level daily petrol prices (an essential commodity) over a long period (2004-2020) and by employing unit root tests, this study estimates the half-life of the petrol prices across those cities. The findings are consistent with those of some existing studies.
Perilaku Transaksi Ekonomi Pengguna Media Sosial sebagai Dampak Perkembangan Ekonomi Digital
Authors: Effendi Lutfiah , Nasution M. Irwan Padli
Published: December 2022

Perkembangan teknologi muncul di berbagai bidang, terutama dalam perkembangan ekonomi digital. Ekonomi digital di Indonesia memiliki dampak positif dan negatif bagi pembangunan negara. Perkembangan ekonomi digital memungkinkan pemerintah atau masyarakat menjadi platform untuk melakukan berbagai jenis transaksi ekonomi. Penelitian ini dirancang untuk menganalisis dampak perkembangan ekonomi digital terhadap pengguna media sosial dalam melakukan transaksi. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif dengan menggunakan studi pustaka penelitian menemukan bahwa perusahaan periklanan dan bisnis online banyak yang menerapkan promosi penjualan di media sosial untuk produk mereka, sehingga sangat membantu dalam mempromosikan dan memperluas audiens. Selain memiliki pengaruh interaksi timbal balik yang positif atas perkembangan ekonomi digital melainkan juga terhadap perilaku pengguna medial sosial. Pengaruh atau dampak sebaliknya yaitu: Persaingan pada dunia usaha yang semakin ketat dan terjadinya tindak krimi nal karena adanya kesenjangan ekonomi.
Correlations between Armenian, Iranian and Syriac manuscript art
Authors: Khorozian A. K. , Eliazyan G. A.
Published: December 2022

Continuing research in the field of dyes, inks and papers used in medieval manuscripts, the department of restoration of the Scientific Research Institute after M. Mashtots (Matenadaran) tries to decode various materials typical of the manuscript culture of neighboring countries and find the edges of the interaction of cultures. For this purpose, the Matenadaran's restoration department started researching comparative structures of Iranian, Syriac and Armenian manuscripts in the XVII-XX centuries. This study reveals the interplay of cultures in neighboring countries, which also enriches historical knowledge in the field of paints, inks and calligraphy. Studies performed with the help of modern equipment have revealed numerous similarities in the structures of these materials; unique materials specific to individual cultures have also been found.
Շարունակելով գիտահետազոտական աշխատանքները միջնադարյան ձեռագրերում օգտագործված ներկանյութերի, թանաքի և թղթերի ոլորտում` Մ.Մաշտոցի անվան գիտահետազոտական ինստիտուտի (Մատենադարան) վերականգնման բաժնում փորձ է արվում կատարելու հարևան երկրների ձեռագրային մշակույթին բնորոշ տարբեր նյութերի վերծանում և գտնելու մշակույթների փոխազդեցության եզրերը: Այդ նպատակով Մատենադարանի վերականգնման բաժնում սկսվել են հետազոտություններ XVII-XX դարերում իրանական, ասորական և հայկական ձեռագրերի նյութերի կառուցվածքների համեմատականների ուղղությամբ: Նշված ուսումնասիրությունը բացահայտում է հարևան երկրների մշակույթների փոխադարձ ազդեցությունը, ինչը նաև հարստացնում է պատմական գիտելիքները ներկերի, թանաքի և գրչության արվեստի ասպարեզում: Ուսումնասիրությունները, որոնք կատարվել են ժամանակակից սարքավորումներով, բացահայտել են բազմաթիվ համընկնումներ նշված նյութերի կառուցվածքներում, սակայն հայտնաբերվել են նաև չկրկնվող նյութեր, որոնք բնորոշ են առանձին մշակույթներին:
Продолжая исследования в области красителей, чернил и бумаги, использованных в средневековых рукописях, в отделе реставрации института древних рукописей им. М.Маштоца (Матенадаран) сделана попытка идентификации различных материалов, характерных для рукописной культуры соседних с Арменией стран и найти грани взаимодействия культур.С этой целью в реставрационном отделе Матенадарана проведен сравнительный анализ структур материалов иранских, ассирийских и армянских рукописей XVII – XX вв. Указанное исследование раскрывает культурное влияние соседних стран, обогащая этим знания в области средневековых красок,чернил и бумаги. Исследования, проведенные с помошью современного оборудования, выявили множество совпадений в структурах упомянутых материалов, а также обнаружили неповторяющиеся элементы, характерные для отдельных культур.
Колебательные и асимтотические режимы криохимических реакций
Authors: Шабловский Я. О.
Published: December 2022

Проведѐнный термодинамический анализ показал, что при сверхнизких температурах химическая эксергия экзотермической реакционной смеси может самокомпенсироваться, в результате чего протекание реакции приобретает асимптотический либо колебательный (авто-волновой) характер. При хемомеханической самокомпенсации (чередование накопления и релаксации реакционного напряжения) в объѐме реагента возникают пространственные автоволны. При надпороговой термохимической самокомпенсации (критический саморазогрев реакционной зоны) в реакционной смеси возникают температурные автоволны. При подпороговой термохимической самокомпенсации криохимическая реакция протекает в асимптотическом режиме: скорость реакции стабилизируется на ненолевом уровне, не изменяющемся при дальнейшем охлаждении․
Աշխատանքը նվիրված է կրիոքիմիական ռեակցիաների թերմոդինամիկական օրինաչափությունների բացահայտմանը։ Կատարված թերմոդինամիկական վերլուծությունը ցույց է տվել, որ ծայրահեղ ցածր ջերմաստիճաններում էկզոթերմ ռեակցիոն խառնուրդի քիմիական էներգիան կարող է լինել ինքնափոխհատուցվող։ Շեմից բարձր ջերմաքիմիական ինքնափոխհատուցման դեպքում (ռեակցիոն գոտու կրիտիկական ինքնատաքացում) ռեակցիոն խառնուրդում առաջանում են ջերմաստիճանային ավտոալիքներ։ Ենթաշեմային ջերմաքիմիական ինքնափոխհատուցման դեպքում կրիոքիմիական ռեակցիան ընթանում է ասիմպտոտիկ ռեժիմով. ռեակցիայի արագությունը կայունանում է ոչ զրոյական մակարդակում, որը չի փոխվում հետագա սառեցման ժամանակ:
The thermodynamical analysis has shown that at ultralow temperatures the chemical exergy of an exothermic reaction mixture can recover to result in the reaction becoming asymptotic or oscillatory. If the recovery is chemomechanical (alternating accumulation and relaxation of the reaction strain) spatial autowaves arise. If the recovery is thermochemical, then there are two possibilities. Supercritical self-heating in the reaction zone causes temperature autowaves. Subcritical self-heating in the reaction zone makes the reaction run asymptotically: its velocity stabilizes on a non-zero level and does not change with further cooling․
Синтез и исследование свойств композитов титаната бария со стеклом системы BaO-TiO2-B2O3
Authors: Погосян М. А. , Саргсян М. С. , Алексанян О. А.
Published: December 2022

Изучены плотность, водопоглощение, температурный коэффициент линейного расширения (ТКЛР) и электрические свойства титаната бария и его композитов со стеклом Ti-1. Показано, что при использовании нитрата бария и оксида титана температура синтеза титаната бария уменьшается с 1300 оС до 800 оС. Расхождение ТКЛР титаната бария и стекла Ti-1 от ТКЛР композитов свидетельствует об их взаимодействии. Диэлектрическая проницаемость композитов при температуре Кюри по сравнению с титанатом бария уменьшается, при этом происходит смещение температуры Кюри в область высоких температур. У композитов со стеклом наблюдается сильный позисторный эффект, что может расширить область их применения.
Ուսումնասիրվել են բարիումի տիտանատի և Ti-1 ապակու հետ նրա կոմպոզիտների խտությունը, ջրակլանումը, գծային ընդարձակման ջերմային գործակիցը (ԳԸՋԳ) և էլեկտրական հատկությունները: Ցույց է տրված, որ երբ բարիումի տիտանատը սինթեզվում է բարիումի նիտրատից և տիտանի օքսիդից, նրա ստացման ջերմաստիճանը 1300 оC – ից նվազում է մինչև 800 оC: Բարիումի տիտանատի և Ti-1 ապակու ԳԸՋԳ – ի տարբերությունը նրանց կոմպոզիտային բաղադրության ԳԸՋԳ – ից վկայում է դրանց միջև փոխազդեցության մասին: Կոմպոզիտների դիէլեկտրիկ թափանցելիությունը, համեմատած բարիումի տիտանատի դիէլեկտրիկ թափանցելիության հետ, Կյուրիի ջերմաստիճանում նվազում է, միաժամանակ դիտվում է Կյուրիի կետի տեղաշարժ դեպի բարձր ջերմաստիճանային տիրույթ: Բարիումի տիտանատի և Ti-1 ապակու հետ նրա կոմպոզիտներում նկատվում է ուժեղ պոզիստրային էֆեկտ, որը կարող է զգալիորեն ընդլայնել դրանց օգտագործման բնագավառը:
The article describes density, water absorption, thermal coefficient of linear expansion (TCLE), and electrical properties of barium titanate and its composites with Ti-1 glass. It is shown that when barium nitrate and titanium oxide are used, the synthesis temperature of barium titanate decreases from 1300 °C to 800 °C. The difference between the TCLE of barium titanate and Ti-1 glass from the TCLE composite indicates their interaction. The permittivity of composites at the Curie temperature decreases compared to barium titanate, and the Curie temperature shifts to higher temperatures. Composites with glass have a strong posistor effect, which can expand the field of their application.
Analisis Yuridis Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Tenaga Kerja Indonesia Ditinjau Dari Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2017 Tentang Perlindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia
Authors: Musrin Musrin , Simatupang Bachtiar , Anatami Darwis
Published: December 2022

Indonesian Migrant Workers (TKI) is one of the country's largest foreign exchange. Along with the number of TKI who work abroad, the increasing treatment that is not in accordance with what is expected by the workers. The treatment of employers or employers is often contrary to applicable law. The provisions in Law Number 18 of 2017 concerning the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers Abroad regulates how the protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers working abroad, labor law or employment (Labor Law) is part of the law regarding the regulation of labor relations, both individual and collective. Research is a basic tool in the development of science and technology. This is because research aims to reveal the truth in a systematic, methodological, and consistent manner. The data and information that the author uses in writing this thesis are obtained or obtained through normative research.Research is a basic tool in the development of science and technology. This is because research aims to reveal the truth in a systematic, methodological, and consistent manner. The data and information that the author uses in writing this thesis are obtained or obtained through normative research. The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Article 27 paragraph (2) states that every Indonesian citizen has the right to work and a decent living for humanity. In fact, limited job opportunities in the country have caused many Indonesian citizens to seek work abroad. Juridically the laws and regulations in the field of placement and protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers (TKI) are not synchronized vertically or horizontally. While sociologically the level of legal awareness of prospective Indonesian Migrant Workers (TKI), lack of supervision from labor inspectors, weak law enforcement. Legal Protection for Indonesian Migrant Workers Working Abroad as regulated in Law Number 18 of 2017 concerning the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers Abroad. It must start with reforming the law. It aims to protect Indonesian Migrant Workers (TKI) who work abroad properly
ظاهرة الإرتاج في الخطابة ودلالاتها عند العرب دراسة موضوعية
Authors: القطامي أحمد عبده منصور
Published: December 2022

الإرتاج إحدى ظواهر الأدب العربي القديم، وتكون مع الخطابة أكثر منها في الأنواع الأدبية الأخرى، وتعني توقف الخطيب عن الاستمرار في خطبته؛ لسبب من الأسباب: قد يكون الانبهار بكثرة الجمهور المستمع، أو خطورة الموقف الذي يعبر عنه الخطيب، أو غير ذلك من الأسباب.وعنيت كتب التراث برواية أخبار وقصص من حدثت لهم هذه المواقف، من مصاقع اللغة، وأرباب اللسان، من الفصحاء المشهورين، رغبة في رصد معالجتهم لحالات التلكؤ تلك، وكيف أنهم انقسموا إلى فئات: فمنهم من أحسن الاعتذار، ومنهم من أساء التصرف، وآخرون أنشأوا خطبًا بديلة.عنيت الدراسة برصد هذه الظاهرة، وتعريفها، وسرد شواهدها، ودلالاتها، ودلالة اهتمام المؤلفين بعرض نصوصها، كل ذلك في إطار منهج تأويل النصوص وتفسيرها، واتضح من خلال الدراسة وجود دلالات وأبعاد كثيرة لهذه الظاهرة، رصد البحث عددًا منها كما انتهت الدراسة إلى توصيات تخدم الظاهرة والظواهر المشابهة لها.
التعليلاتُ العِلمية لظاهرةِ زيادةِ الألفِ في الرسمِ العُثماني - دراسةٌ تحليليةٌ
Authors: الكثيري سعيد بن عبد الله
Published: December 2022

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم، الحمد لله رب العالمين، والصلاة والسلام على رسوله الأمين، ثم أما بعد:إن مضمون هذا البحث يكمُن في دراسة ظاهرة من ظواهر الرسم العثماني، وهي زيادة الألف في كلمات القرآن الكريم، وهي بذلك تخالف قواعد الرسم الإملائي المتعارَف عليها.ويهدف البحث إلى إبراز ظاهرة الزيادة في حرف الألف في القرآن الكريم، وبيان الأسباب العِلمية المُوجِبة لهذه الزيادة بعيدًا عن التكلف والتعسف، وتحميلها ما لم تحتمل.والمنهج المتبع هو الاستقرائي التحليلي؛ وذلك بتتبع الكلمات القرآنية التي أثَّرت الزيادة فيها تأثيرًا كبيرًا، ثم تحليلها ودراستها؛ لإدراك الأثر العَملي الذي يظهر في بِنيتها.ومن أبرز النتائج التي توصل لها البحث أن زيادة حرف الألف جاءت؛ لأسباب علمية يستحيل دخول التخمين والشك في مصداقيتها، وتعد الزيادة مؤثرًا قويًا في تحديد صورة كلمات القرآن، كما تخلص إلى أن أكثر الزيادة جاءت في حرف الألف.
منهجُ النحاةِ والمفسرين في استنباطِ المعنى
Authors: الحباري إبراهيم قايد صالح
Published: December 2022

هذا البحث الموسوم بـ» منهج النحاة والمفسرين في استنباط المعنى» عبارة عن دراسة وصفية تحليلية، اشتمل على ثلاثة مباحث وخاتمة، تناول المبحث الأول علاقة اللغة بالقرآن الكريم مؤكدًا العلاقة المتينة بينهما، وتناول المبحث الثاني نظر النحوي والمفسِّر في المعنى موضحا ذلك ببعض الأمثلة من القرآن الكريم، في حين تناول المبحث الثالث علاقة كلٍ منهما بالآخر عند توجيه النصوص القرآنية.يستهدف البحث من خلال ذلك بيان نظر النحوِيّ، ونظر المفسِّر في المعنى، وعلاقة كلٍ منهما بالآخر، والكيفية التي تعامل بها النحاة والمفسِّرون عند توجيه النصوص القرآنية. وقد توصَّل البحث إلى عدة نتائج، أهمها: أنَّ اقتصار النحاة على اللغة بما استقرَّ لها من أمور التقعيد، أو تغليبها في تفسير القرآن الكريم أسهمَ في تعدد المعنى، وغموضه، وأدَّى إلى تضخم كتب التفاسير بآراء النحاة وتأويلاتهم، وأنَّ كثيرا من اختلاف المفسرين مبنيٌّ على أساسٍ نحوي. ويوصي الباحث بجمع القراءات التي زعم بعض النحاة أنَّ فيها ضعفًا أو وهمًا أو لحنًا، وتوجيهها في ضوء اللهجات العربية التي تتوافق معها باعتبار السماع، وألَّا يُتخذ من ضابط القياس على الكثير الشائع في التقعيد سببًا لردِّ القليل النادر من كلام العرب، ومنع الاحتجاج به؛ لأنَّ القرآن الكريم راعى جميع لغات العرب عند النزول قليلها وكثيرها.
Idealism and Realism in George Bernard Shaw’s Arms and the Man
Authors: Mocbil Ahmed Saeed Ahmed
Published: December 2022

Generally, George Bernard Shaw defines literature as the mirror of the society. He presents his looking-glass by portraying the good and bad ideas of his society. He is the playwright who attached the romanticism through the naturalism movement that started at the middle of the 19th century to replace romanticism. This research aims to reveal the private follies of the characters in George Bernard Shaw’s Arms and the Man, in terms of their idealism and realism in war and love. This play is a satire on the foolishness of glorifying war, as well as on idealistic notions of love. Through it, Shaw tries to reflect the reality of his period of time and society. He harshly criticizes the notion of war because of its terrible consequences such as bloodshed, destruction and poverty. About love, he emphasizes that it is important to follow ones heart in marriage not social status or appearances. The methodology of the study is analytical. In conclusion, the results show that Shaw’s aims to reform society’s conventional behavior to rescue it from fake changing of characters idealism notions of war and love at the end of the play achieved idealism to become more realism, especially that relate to marriage.
Akitlerde Satış Bedelinin Meşrû Sınırını Belirleme Bağlamında Hanefî Mezhebinde Semenin Genel Özelliklerinin Tahlili
Authors: ÇAĞLAR Muhammet Ali
Published: December 2022

İslam Hukukunda satım akitlerinden bahsederken semen ve mebî‘ unsurları akdin sıhhat veya kuruluş şartları arasında sayılmaktadır. Bu şartların her biri kendine has bazı özellikleri içerir. Bu çalışmada semen unsurunun kendine has özellikleri tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır. Klasik kaynaklarda çoğunlukla müstakil bir başlıkta ele alınmayan semenin özellikleri farklı başlıklar altında zikredilmektedir. Bu özellikleri genel bir çerçeve altında birleştirmek günümüzde gelişen kompleks akit çeşitlerinde satış bedelinin fıkhî konumunu belirlemek ve bu konuda yeni bir bakış açısı geliştirmek adına büyük bir önemi haizdir. Bu çalışmada özellikle Hanefî mezhebinin odak noktası olarak ele alınmasının birkaç sebebi vardır. Bunlardan birisi Hanefîlerin semeni mebî‘den net bir şekilde ayıran bir anlayış geliştirmiş olmalarıdır. Bir diğeri ise bütün mal gruplarını semen olacağı veya semen olamayacağı şekilde sınıflandırmış olmalarıdır. Böylelikle semen tayininde akdin sıygasından ziyade bedellerin özellikleri ön plana çıkarılmıştır. Ayrıca Hanefî mezhebine göre semen akdin in’ikad şartlarından sayılmayarak fâsid-bâtıl ayrımı ile oluşabilecek herhangi bir eksiklikte akdin onarılmasına kapı açılmıştır. Bu bakış açıları sayesinde günümüzde gelişen akit çeşitliliğinin getirdiği karışıklıklara bazı noktalarda çözümler bulunabilecek hatta bazı katkılar sunulabilecektir. Fakat bu çalışma semenin özelliklerini teorik zeminde zikretmekten öteye geçmeyecektir. Bu sebeple belli bir semen tanımı ortaya koyduktan sonra semende bulunması gereken şartlar zikredilecektir. Semenin mebî‘den ayrıldığı noktalar tespit edilerek birbirleriyle karşılaştıkları takdirde hangi bedellerin semen olabileceği, hangilerinin mebî‘ sayılacağı ortaya koyulacaktır. Fâsid veya bâtıl olma(nın sonuçları), tayinle taayyün edip etmeme, mülkiyet, tasarrufta bulunabilme/bulunamama, telef olma, karşılıklı anlaşma ile fesih (ikâle), teslimde öncelik, muhayyerliğin bulunup bulunmaması gibi konulardaki farklılıklar semen ve mebî’ unsurları arasındaki ayrımı netleştirmede kullanılan temel başlıklar olacaktır. Ayrıca temel akit şekilleri dikkate alındığında semenin özelliklerinin pratikteki tatbik şekillerine de değinilecektir. Bu amaçla satım akdi, sarf akdi, selem akdi ve mukâyaza akdi örnek olarak ele alınıp semen ve mebî’in bu akitlerdeki durumuna dikkat çekilecektir. Eğer semen ve mebî’in genel özelliklerinde, akdin kendine has özelliklere sahip olması sebebiyle değişiklik meydana gelmişse bu değişikliklere ve değişim sebeplerine işaret edilecektir. Son olarak semen söz konusu olduğunda günümüzde en çok karşılaşılan problemlerden olan tedavülden kalkma, piyasadan çekilme, değerde artış olması veya azalma olması gibi nispeten daha spesifik olan konularda, üç imamın (Ebû Hanîfe, Ebû Yûsuf, İmam Muhammed) ittifaklarına veya (varsa) ihtilaflarına öz bir şekilde yer verilerek çalışma sonlandırılacaktır.
Mass Media and Islamic Religious Propagation (Da’wah) in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Yusuf Jibrail Bin , Boletbekova Aikol
Published: December 2022

The contemporary religious calling has gradually adopted technology because the audience it tries to attract is highly preoccupied with technology, which has become an essential facilitator of communication. Muslim preachers have gradually, but successfully, pushed the media to the frontline as an important tool. This paper examines the use of the mass media for da‘wah in Kyrgyzstan. Although the conventional face-to-face interaction is the dominant mode of da‘wah, the Islamic organizations are also aware of the impact of the mass media on ‘evangelism.’ Nonetheless, the financial implications of the broadcast media diverts many da‘wah groups to the print media (i.e. newspaper, magazine, books) and more importantly, the internet. Therefore, we conclude that, although the Kyrgyz mass media is, undoubtedly, perceived as capable of influencing the people’s minds, the desire and expertise for exploiting the broadcast media is not deep among the da‘wah experts in the country. Therefore, we recommended that they make effective use of these media for da‘wah.
Extractivismo minero-hidrocarburífero versus bioeconomía en América Latina y el Caribe. El caso venezolano en tiempos del cambio climático
Authors: De Lisio Antonio
Published: December 2022

Este artículo pretende discutir el extractivismo subterráneo como barrera que impide superar el Business As Usual (BAU) latinoamericano, basado en la exportación de materia prima que mantiene a la región en una situación de rezago mundial ambiental, social y económico. El artículo adopta la modalidad de ensayo reflexivo; inicia con un planteamiento del dilema entre la economía basada en el extractivismo y la bioeconomía en América Latina. Para ello, se presentan datos regionales que se han recopilado de manera sistemática en los últimos diez años. Se argumenta que la producción de commodities hidrocarburíferos se realiza a costa de la enajenación y la desposesión de los territorios de las comunidades, así como de la destrucción de sus bases ecológicas de sustento. Estas pérdidas tienen implicaciones tanto en el bienestar y en la salud de las poblaciones locales como en el aprovechamiento de las oportunidades de la bioeconomía alternativa de inclusión social. De tal manera, queda planteado el dilema que implican las actividades hidrocarburíferas: estas, a la par que benefician al sector externo de las economías nacionales, arrasan con los recursos fundamentales para el desarrollo de la bioeconomía local.
Condiciones sociales de la población trans en Bahía Blanca, Argentina
Authors: Millaqueo Saira , Salas Manuela , Buedo Paola
Published: December 2022

Las personas travestis, transgénero y transexuales (TTT) se han visto históricamente segregadas y discriminadas a causa de su identidad. De sus relatos se desprenden las múltiples exclusiones sufridas a lo largo de sus vidas en virtud de su identidad de género. Se realizó una investigación sobre aspectos sociodemográficos, identitarios, de accesibilidad y situación de discriminación sobre la población TTT de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca, Argentina, en la que se encuestaron 45 personas. La encuesta se llevó a cabo en los meses de mayo, junio y julio del año 2017. La media de edad de las personas encuestas fue de 33,4 años. El acceso a la educación, salud, vivienda de esta población está disminuido o anulado según las respuestas dadas. Los derechos de las personas TTT son vulnerados de muchas maneras a lo largo de su trayectoria vital debido a su identidad de género.
Tríadas para una disociación estructural : la banca privada en un país sin moneda propia (2000-2019)
Authors: Paredes Gonzalo J. , Brenta Noemí
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es proponer construcciones teóricas postkeynesianas para explicar la disociación estructural entre la banca privada y el desarrollo económico de un país como Ecuador, que no tiene moneda propia. Para alcanzar este fin, se compara la orientación del crédito por plazos y tipos de carteras entre denominaciones de países, incluido Ecuador. Además, se bosquejan diez proposiciones teóricas que se derivan de la teoría de la preferencia por la liquidez de los bancos y casos seleccionados de procesos acelerados de industrialización. Desde el ámbito de la intermediación financiera, se concluye que la búsqueda de la maximización de la rentabilidad no conduciría a una eficiente asignación de los recursos escasos. En Ecuador, sin el mercado de divisas y la moneda nacional para invertir o especular, la disociación tiene como base el racionamiento del crédito para las actividades más productivas y lo reorienta hacia el consumo, propio de los países menos desarrollados.
“¡Y si ellos no tenían ni para comer!”. El abordaje nutricional en el Servicio Integral Amigable para Adolescentes (SIAPA) del Nordeste argentino (2020-2022)
Authors: Sanchez Silvia Noemí
Published: December 2022

Este artículo indaga el abordaje nutricional destinado a infancias y adolescencias que efectores de salud realizan en el Servicio Integral Amigable Para Adolescentes (SIAPA) en Presidencia Roque Sáenz Peña, Chaco, Argentina. Las dietas son un hecho complejo en el que convergen el comensal, el alimento y la cultura. En la actual transición nutricional, el hambre incluye tanto situaciones de carencia de nutrientes, como exceso de calorías lo que impacta de modo intenso en las infancias y adolescencias del Nordeste argentino debido a las asimetrías y la desigualdad estructural predominante. Desde un enfoque cualitativo-interpretativo que vincula la sociología de los alimentos y los nuevos estudios sociales sobre las infancias, se indagarán los alcances y las limitaciones del abordaje nutricional provisto por SIAPA, así como la necesidad de reconstruir vínculos a fin de garantizar el derecho a una alimentación adecuada.
Reflexiones a 20 años de la Iniciativa de Acceso Abierto de Budapest : Presentación del Archivo
Authors: Córdoba González Saray
Published: December 2022

Entre las tramas y redes del conocimiento, el Grupo de Trabajo de CLACSO “Conocimiento abierto como bien común” presenta en este fascículo de la revista del Consejo un análisis de las diferentes facetas que las Recomendaciones de la Iniciativa de Acceso Abierto de Budapest (BOAI 20) nos lanza en su edición del XX aniversario, en febrero del 2022. Es importante recordar que esta iniciativa se concreta en el año 2002, a partir de una reunión celebrada en diciembre 2001 con el fin de acelerar las intenciones de que los artículos científicos estuvieran libremente disponibles en la Internet. Esta fue una reacción que a nivel internacional impactó a muchos países y disciplinas y, sobre todo, que provocó una gran discusión en la medida en que las empresas publicadoras corrían el riesgo de perder ingresos en su negocio.
SELF-IDENTIFICATION OF A PERSON IN THE CONDITIONS TECHNO-INFORMATIONAL REALITY
Authors: KOLIADA Iryna
Published: December 2022

The article examines the influence of the factors of the technocratic information society on changes in a persons self-identification. The consequences of the fourth information revolution and modern communication conditions create a new model of human existence in a rather complex globalized world. The processes of virtualization and gamification, which have entered into the everyday life of a person, allow you to feel the virtual presence by escaping from real life. This gives rise to the problem of loss of identity and the meaning of human existence. Self-identification is an important fact of a persons awareness of his place and role in the circle of social relationships in the new conditions of social reality. It was found that self-identification is a multifaceted concept and encompasses several meanings, such as identity and selfhood, self-awareness and self-realization, etc. Outlining the problem of adaptation and socialization of a person in the conditions of techno-informational reality, self-identification problems are considered in the focus of social identity as a system of social constructs of the individual. It is substantiated that the involvement of a modern person in an sphere of information, virtual of social space creates special conditions and requires new self-identification mechanisms. It was found that self-identification mechanisms capable of reducing the influence of manipulation on a person can be categories of Internet spiritual activity supported by self-regulation and self-realization of the individual. The mechanism of self-identification, with contributes to the adaptation and socialization of the individual in the conditions of the expansion of the boundaries of the virtual world, is the multiple identity, with preserves the integrity of the self-concept from complete destruction.
High School Students' Perceptions of the most practiced Classroom Control and Discipline Strategies by their Social Studies Teachers
Authors: Alhajri Abdullah
Published: December 2022

This research aimed to investigate high school students' perceptions of their social studies teachers' most practiced behavior control discipline strategies. The study sample consisted of 243 Kuwaiti high school students who participated in this study by responding to its researcher-designed questionnaire tool. The study collected responses and perceptions of this sample on six dimensions: clarity of behavior regulations, teacher's disciplinary methods, teachers' favoritism, corporal punishment, most widely used disciplinary methods & strategies, and most effectively used disciplinary methods & strategies. The analysis was carried out using SPSS, and thus a variety of findings were highlighted. These findings have shown that the students are aware of these disciplinary strategies and their importance, and that the variable of gender showed differences only on one of the study's dimensions related to the use of corporal punishment. Upon these results, the researcher's recommendations were addressed to the people in charge of the educational process in the Kuwaiti schools.
Die Reflexion des Krieges auf die Literatur im Hinblick des Kindes in Borcherts Kurzgeschichten
Authors: ULUÇ Nurhan
Published: December 2022

In diesem Beitrag geht es um die Rezeption der Kinder in diesen Kurzgeschichten Die Kirschen, Nachts schlafen die Ratten doch und Schyschypusch oder der Kellner meines Onkels von dem Autoren Wolfgang Borchert. Die drei Kurzgeschichten erwähnen die Situationen unmittelbar nach dem Kriegsende des Zweiten Weltkrieges. Die Familien hatten es nach dem Kriegsende sehr schwer. Deutschland stand in Trümmern. Viele Familien waren zerstreut. Es bestand in Deutschland große Not und Hunger. Viele Kinder hatten ihre Väter im Krieg verloren und sie mussten dadurch unterschiedliche Rollen auf sich nehmen. Diese Kinder hatten ein untragbares Verantwortungsgefühl. Besondere Probleme in dieser Zeit war vor allem die Hungersnot, Wohnungsnot und Trauma, die die Menschen durch den Krieg erlebten und besonders die Kinder auch miterlebten und mit diesen Situationen zurechtkamen. Die Kinder mussten auf eine schwierige Art vieles miterleben. Wolfgang Borchert deutet in diesen Kurzgeschichten hin, welche Wirkung die Kriege auf Frauen und Männer vor allem aber auf die Kinder hatte und wie sie mit diesen Situationen zurechtkamen. Die Kurzgeschichten von Borchert haben trotz nach 77 Jahren nach dem Ende des zweiten Weltkrieges heutzutage noch einen relevanten Sinn, denn Borchert gibt nach so vielen Jahren negative Seiten des Krieges wieder. Jeder Krieg lässt bei den Menschen vor allem bei den Kindern schlechte Spuren zurück.
In Vivo Antimalarial Activity of Trichosanthes cucumerina Against Plasmodium berghei NK65 in Mice
Authors: Baba Mohd Shukri , Abd Jalil Muhamad Aiman
Published: December 2022

Undoubtedly, malaria is a vector-borne infectious disease that is increasingly being given attention by many researchers in their efforts to find the best drugs for its treatment. Four groups of mice (6-8 weeks old, 20-25 gram body weight (g bw) were inoculated with Plasmodium berghei NK65 intraperitoneally (i.p.) at 1.0 × 106 infected red blood cells (RBC) before being orally treated for the prophylactic and curative treatment regime with 0.2 mL of 100 mg/kg bw freeze-dried T. cucumerina aqueous extract. Parasitemia levels and inhibition rates were microscopically measured using Giemsa stained blood smear method. Trichosanthes cucumerina possessed strong antimalarial activities against P. berghei NK65 infection in mice. A significant correlation was successfully recorded between the survival time of the seven-day prophylactic treatment group (P7) with its ability to inhibit parasite growth as compared to the curative treatment groups. However, these values ​​are still incomparable to the control group treated with the commercial drugs primaquine and chloroquine. In addition, blood biochemical toxicity analysis of ALT, AST, ALP, and STP showed that acute and sub-acute toxicity treatments of T. cucumerina did not cause liver injury and were non-toxic to the animals. Thus, this study significantly proves (p≤0.05, n=6) that T. cucumerina has antiparasitic properties that can be manipulated as an alternative antimalarial drug.
Evaluation and Improvement of Protocols for Ganoderma boninense Protoplast Isolation and Regeneration
Authors: Ab Wahab Anis Farhan Fatimi , Ahmad Zairun Madihah , Mohd Daud Khairunnisa Hanisah , Abu Bakar Farah Diba , Bharudin Izwan , Abdul Murad Abdul Munir
Published: December 2022

Ganoderma boninense is the causal agent of basal stem rot (BSR) disease of oil palm. The BSR disease reduces oil palm yield by up to 80% of the average oil yield. Attempts to control the disease caused by this fungus in the field showed varying levels of success and cases of infection increased from year to year. Hence, the development of new efficient methods to control the spread of this fungus should be commenced promptly. To ensure a better strategy is created, more thorough research on the method deploy by this fungus to infect the host at the molecular level need to be carried out first. However, the major limitation in endeavoring into the functional analysis of virulence genes related to the pathogenicity of this fungus was hampered by the unavailability of established methods for protoplast isolation with a high regeneration rate to be used in the genetic manipulation analysis. Thus, in this paper, we report an efficient protocol for protoplast isolation and regeneration in G. boninense and successfully used the isolated protoplasts in PEG-mediated transformation analysis. A large quantity of protoplast was obtained using the protocol that utilizes the following parameters: 3 to 4-day-old mycelia, treated with 1% lysing enzyme and 0.02% Driselase, incubated at 30 °C in an osmotic medium containing 0.6 M mannitol at pH 5.8 for 2 h. The highest protoplast yield was in the range of 8.95 × 109 to 3.12 × 1010 cells/mL per 5 g of mycelia used. The regeneration rate ranged from 9.03% to 22.55%, depending on the regeneration media used. By using 5 µg of vector to transform into 1.0 × 107 protoplast/mL, around 3 – 10 mitotically stable putative transformants were successfully obtained and verified via PCR. This protocol will find useful applications in genetic studies to enhance insight into this poorly characterized and understood phytopathogen.
Mengenalpasti Kepelbagaian Spesies Hidupan Akuatik Menggunakan Analisis Taksonomi di Tasik Ghazali, UKM
Authors: Ng Ee Leng , Mohd Assaad Norfarhan , Eziwar Dyari Herryawan Ryadi , Sa’ariwijaya Mohd Shazrul Fazry , Jamar Nur Hidayah
Published: December 2022

Kajian mengenai kepelbagaian hidupan akuatik air tawar adalah penting untuk memelihara dan memulihara ekosistem mereka. Pelbagai pembangunan infrastruktur telah dijalankan di sekitar kawasan UKM sejak kebelakangan tahun ini boleh menjejaskan keseimbangan ekosistem dan kawasan persekitaran tersebut. Tujuan kajian ini dilakukan adalah untuk mengenalpasti taburan hidupan akuatik di Tasik Ghazali, UKM yang ditangkap menggunakan tiga alatan tangkapan ikan aktif dan pasif. Sebanyak 1,268 sampel hidupan akuatik air tawar berjaya dikumpulkan pada lima aktiviti persampelan yang berbeza. Hasil pencerapan morfologi mengkategorikan hasil tangkapan ini kepada lapan spesies iaitu Poecilia reticulata, Gambusia affinis, Puntius sp., Betta pugnax, Clarias batrachus, Macrobrachium lanchesteri, Macrobrachium malayanum dan Gyraulus sp.. Daripada jumlah ini, spesies ikan yang paling banyak ditangkap adalah Puntius sp.(464) manakala Clarias batrachus merupakan spesies ikan yang paling kurang ditangkap (7). Akhir sekali, jumlah tangkapan hidupan akuatik lain adalah Macrobrachium sp. (294) dan Gyraulus sp. (7).
Microplastic Abundance From Pig Farm Effluent and Surface Water In Sungai Tuang, Melaka, Malaysia
Authors: Ridzuan Anoam Suwanty , Abdul Hakim Lim Muhammad Farid , Abdul Halim Mohamad Hafiz , Abdul Manan Shamsuri , Mohd Ali Masni , Jansar Khairiatul Mardiana
Published: December 2022

Livestock is one of the country’s important economic resources, nevertheless, an unsystematic livestock farm management system contributes to microplastic pollution. Microplastics (MPs) pollutant hurts the environment and human life, limited studies have been done in Malaysia’s freshwater ecosystems. Therefore, this research was to determine the abundance of MPs in surface water and sediments from the nearby river and the last catchment pond of pig farm effluent in Paya Mengkuang and Sungai Tuang, Melaka. The concentration of MPs was compared with six water quality parameters (pH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), suspended solids (SS), dissolved oxygen (DO), total ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). This study found that the average concentration of MPs was 487.38 particles/L and 50.96 particles/g for water and sediment samples consequently. This study showed a significant correlation between COD concentration and microplastic count in sediment samples. The source of microplastics in rivers is associated with anthropogenic activities such as unsystematic garbage disposal and poultry manure. The prevalence of microplastics in the environment of MPs could threaten the safety of resource utilization as MPs enter the food chain in aquatic ecology and pose a severe threat to aquatic organisms directly and subsequently to humans. Our study provides essential data on microplastic pollution in river estuaries and livestock farm areas.