bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Apply Plant Fiber to Enrich the Microorganism for Degrading the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water
Authors: Ma Zhan Qing , Lu Wei De , Wen Shu Yao
Published: December 2011

Application of brown hair fiber, ramie fiber, jute fiber and flax fiber to degrade PAHs in water was studied. The experimental results show that the plant fibers which enrich the microbial has better effect of degradation on PAHs in water,and the degradation effects are highly related with plant fiber’s layout density,HRT and aeration rate. The higher the layout density of jute fiver,HRT and aeration rate,the better the effects of decontamination,which means the water quality of effluent meets the GB5749-2006 standard that the total content of PAHs is less than 2000 ng•L-1. Select No11~No14 Tank plant fiber density,6h HRT and 12h aeration,the effect of degradation of PAHs is the best. This result shows that microbial enriched by plant fiber has a good effect of degrading PAHs in water. Plant fibers provide a space as large as possible for indigenous bacteria attached to the growth in water,and also provide a good micro-environment for their biochemical reaction. The indigenous microorganisms attached to the surface of plant fibers rapidly grow to achieve strengthen the natural degradation of the PAHs in water. Except the biodegradable role of plant fiber enrich the microorganisms to degrade PAHs,in addition,there also exists absorption and evaporation effects. Macrocyclic PAHs ring has a more strong hydrophobicity than the small ring,so that in the process of biodegradation,the small ring is more easily to be absorbed by the plant fiber and biofilm surface,and more easily to be degraded. Therefore,plant fiber enriched microbial to degrade PAHs is the main process,then followed by adsorption and evaporation process.
Application of Continuum Removal Method for Estimating Disease Severity Level of Wheat Powdery Mildew
Authors: Du Shi Zhou , Huang Wen Jiang , Wang Rong Fu , Luo Ju Hua , Zhao Jin Ling , Yuan Lin
Published: December 2011

The hyperspectral bands sensitive to the disease severity levels of wheat powdery mildew was elucidated in this study. The disease severity levels of wheat powdery mildew were also inverted by the extracting characteristic parameters, which provided a basis for detecting the wheat powdery mildew using hyperspectral data. The spectral data of single leaves was obtained at heading stage, the spectral characteristic parameters and sensitivity of wheat leaves were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The result showed that spectral reflectivity within the visible wavebands (400—760 nm) was increased with the aggravating disease severity levels. The spectral sensitivity reached the maximum value within visible wavebands and the optimal sensitive bands for detecting disease severity levels was 630—680nm. After the spectrum was continuum removal-treated, the absorption position moved to longer wavelength with the aggravating disease severity levels and the disease severity levels showed extremely significant negative correlations with the absorption height, absorption width and absorption area. The linear regression equation has high determination coefficient and low root mean square error using the right AAI as independent variable to establish the model. Moreover, the precision verification test also showed that the model performed best in monitoring wheat powdery mildew. In conclusion, disease severity levels of wheat powdery mildew could be inverted effectively by hyperspectral technology, which provides the foundation for detecting wheat powdery mildew.
A Novel Structure Having Linear Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) Chains with Rapid Response to Temperature Changes
Authors: Xiao Xin Cai
Published: December 2011

In this article, a novel structure poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) hydrogel, which is featured with both ends of linear PNIPAM chains being grafted onto semicircular and cross-linked PNIPAM chains, has been successfully prepared in a three-step process by a method of sequential synthesis for the first time. The proposed hydrogel displays faster and hydration/dehydration dynamic response to temperature cycling owing to linear PNIPAM chains to form big-hole structure. This work may be highly attractive for targeting drug delivery systems, polymeric machinery, and sensors and so on.
Effect of Enzymatic Extraction Treatment on Physicochemical Properties, Microstructure and Nutrient Composition of Tartary Buckwheat Bran: A New Source of Antioxidant Dietary Fiber
Authors: Zhou Xiao Li , Qian Yun Fang , Zhou Yi Ming , Zhang Rui
Published: December 2011

The effect of enzymatic treatment with amylase and cellulase on Tartary Buckwheat (F. tataricum Gaertn) bran dietary fiber was evaluated by studying its chemical composition, physicochemical property and microstructure. Tartary buckwheat bran flour, obtained from residues of tartary buckwheat processing exhibited high contents of dietary fiber (44.2±0.3%), starch (31.94±0.27%), lipid (5.18±0.14%) and total ash (2.91±0.04%), and a low level of crude protein (3.12±0.11%). The contents of hemicellulose, cellulose and klason lignin were 23.80±0.21%, 17.48±0.25% and 4.06±0.21%, respectively. Total polyphenols and total flavonoids contents were 13.32mg GAE/g and 37.43mg RE/g, respectively. The water holding capacity (WHC) and swelling capacity (SC) were 2.22±0.07 g/g and 2.33±0.10 mL/g. After the extraction process with amylase, the dietary fiber, total polyphenols, total flavonoids contents of crude enzymatic extract were increased to 83.5±0.27%, 27.61 mg GAE/g, 52.14 mg RE/g, respectively. Its WHC and SC also grew up to 2.38±0.12 g/g and 4.67±0.09 mL/g, while the starch content was decreased significantly. The crude enzymatic extract from tartary buckwheat bran was modified by cellulase. After the modification treatment, the increasing proportion of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) against total dietary fiber (TDF) was detected, and its WHC and SC also grew up to 2.58±0.11 g/g and 5.13±0.12 mL/g respectively. By Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis, it was also learned that the size of DF particles were decreased, which had a positive correlation with WHC and SC. The SEM photos showed that the modification processing increased the surface area of DF.
Anaerobic Solid State Fermentation of Porcine Blood
Authors: Yu Wei Yang , Weng Lian Jin , Han Yuan Yuan , Geng Di , Yang Xin
Published: December 2011

An anaerobic solid state fermentation (ASSF) of porcine blood by two ferment agents was investigated. The free amino acids (FAA) content was applied as reference indicator, response surface design of Box-Behnken (BBD) was used to select the optimum conditions of ASSF of porcine blood. The optimum conditions were determined as porcine blood moisture of 76.0%, fermentation time of 7d, fermentation temperature of 39.0±0.5 oC, addition of the components of the mixture as follows: wheat bran 10.8 g , corn flour 1.2 g, Active 99 ferment agent I 0.768 g, Active 99 ferment agent II 0.19 g, porcine blood 86.0 g, resulting in FAA content of 23.8 mg/g. Evaluation experiments revealed that FAA content of 22.9 mg/g, which was 96.2% of the predicted value using Eq.2, and achieved a 14-fold increase comparing with the 1.5 mg/g which is the FAA content of unfermented mixture. It was confirmed that the protein of porcine blood was degraded into small peptides by Sodium dodecyl sulfate - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).
Effect Factors of Biodegradation on Phenanthrene by Pseudomonas putida
Authors: Han Zhao Xiang , Meng Zhang , Lv Chun Xia
Published: December 2011

Abstract. This study discussed the effect factors of biodegradation on phenanthrene by P.putida. The outcomes showed that the optimal temperature conditions was 35°C, and the optimal pH was pH7.5, and that under the shaking condition increases the availability of phe. The effect of glucose increase in the concentration of glucose showed repressive effect. Moreover, the presence of salicylate increased the phenanthrene degradation to some extent. Phenanthrene degradation in presence of succinic acid did not differ significantly, this implies that the presence of other carbon sources does not completely inhibited. Therefore, phenanthrene may be co-utilized by p. putida along with other substrates. And that the addition of non-ionic surfactants bring about further phe biodegradation, the biodegradability of phe is greatly improved in presence of surfactants at proper concentrations. The phenanthrene was degraded higher efficiently at higher phe concentrations under the presence of fluorene, phe and fluorene present an obviously co-metabolism.
Study on the Composite Interface of 4045/3004/4045 Aluminum Alloy Ingot
Authors: Qin Ke , Jiang Hui Xue , Cui Jian Zhong
Published: December 2011

In this research, 4045/3004/4045 composite ingots were obtained by a semi-continuous casting process. The macrostructure, microstructure, elements distribution, mechanical properties of 4045/3004/4045 triple layers composite were studied. The results show that the composite interface is planar and clean with little evidence of porosity can be achieved by an optimum semi-continuous casting technology. The thickness of diffusion layer near composite interface can be controlled less than 30 μm. The bonding strength can reach to 100MPa which belongs to a kind of metallurgical bonding.
Conversion of Chitosan to Facilitate Preparation of Chitosan Carboxylic Salt with Moisture Absorption-Retention Abilities
Authors: Lin Bao Feng , Wang Wei , Li Yan Ming , Liang Xing Quan , Du Yu Min
Published: December 2011

Different chitosan carboxylic salts were successfully prepared via a simple way using chitosan and oxalic, fumaric, salicylic acid for the first time. The characterizations of the salts were evaluated by FT-IR, 13C NMR, 1H NMR, elemental analysis, XRD. The solution properties and moisture absorption-retention abilities of the salts were compared with chitosan. The result indicated that chitosan and carboxylic acid were combined with salt bond. The properties of the salts were related to the type of carboxylic acid added and the formation of salt bond. The water-solubility, wetting effect and moisture-retention absorption abilities of the salts were better than chitosan. They therefore have the potential to substitute for chitosan for easy use as coating in food preservation.
Synthesis and Characterization of Bowl-Shaped Liquid Crystals with a Core of Calix[6]arene
Authors: Yao Dan Shu , Li Feng , Wang Hao Jie , Li Xiao Yun , Tian Mei , Zhou Ai Juan , Hu Jian She
Published: December 2011

A new kind of bowl-shaped liquid crystals were designed and synthesized by esterification. They used a calix[6]arene as central unit and ω- cholesteric alkyl diacid monoester as mesogenic arms. Their chemical structures were confirmed by FTIR and 1HNMR spectra, their mesomorphic properties and phase behavior were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) measurements. The results showed that the kind of calix[6]arene bowl-shaped liquid crystals N1-N3 exhibited broad range liquid crystalline phases at moderate temperature, and they displayed cholesteric phase focal-conic texture in liquid crystal states. With increasing the flexibility of monomers M1-M3, the melting point and the clearing temperature decreased in the macromolecules.
Synthesis of a New Photochromic Diarylethene Based on Isoxazol and Thiophene Ring for Optical Storage
Authors: Cui Shi Qiang , Tong Zhi Peng , Pu Shou Zhi
Published: December 2011

A new unsymmetrical diarylethene derivative 1-(2,4-dimethyl-isoxazol-3-yl)-2-(2-methyl-5-formyl-3-thienyl) perfluoroyclopentene (1a) was synthesized. Its photochromic and fluorescent properties were investigated, respectively. The results showed that this diarylethene exhibited reversible photochromism, the ring-closed isomer absorption maxima were observed at 519 nm and 527 nm in hexane and PMMA film, respectively. In hexane solution, diarylethene 1 showed good fluorecence switching characters with 309 nm light excited.
Research on Features Extraction of Magnetic Field Sensor Based on Kalman Filter
Authors: Sun Jian , Lin Wei Guo
Published: December 2011

In this paper,a method for wire rope non-destruction testing is proposed based on metal magnetic memory technology.The identification of metal magnetic memory signal depends on Signal Noise Ratio (SNR), but the sensor and signal processing determine the SNR.The unstabitily of environment and amplifier saturation can decrease the SNR, By signal processing, the necessity of realtime filtering for SNR is demonstrated.This paper utilizes Kalman filter to analysis the signal.The principle of Kalman filter is introduced The results shows us that the SNR and reliability of system is greatly improved with this method.
Preparation of AZO/acrylic Resin Transparent Insulation Coating
Authors: Chen Yong , Wang Mu Dan , Xu Hui , Li Ling
Published: December 2011

Transparent Al doped ZnO (AZO)/acrylic resin composites, as glass thermal insulation coating, were prepared by incorporating AZO nanoparticles into transparent acrylic resin matrix. Firstly, AZO powders were synthesized by sol-gel method. Then transparent heat-insulation coating of AZO/acrylic resin was prepared by the blending method. The results show that the transparent heat-insulation coating had good chemical stability and mechanical properties; under the irradiation of infrared lamp for 10 minutes, the temperature difference between the coated glass and bland glass achieved 13.8oC.
FE Analysis of Reinforced Treatment of Abutment Foundation in Soft Soil
Authors: Zhang Ming , Peng Nian
Published: December 2011

The treatment of soft soil foundation is a common but hot and difficult problem in the construction projects. Based on the reinforced treatment of abutment foundation in Fuyan Bridge and the hypothesized different treatment measures, settlement deformation of abutment foundation was calculated and analyzed by means of software ANSYS; variations of synthetic modulus for foundation soil and curves of settlement deformation of abutment foundation were obtained, which offers references to the design and construction of such projects.
Preparation and Microwave Absorption Properties of FeCoNi-EG Composites Obtained by Electroless Plating Process
Authors: Jia Ying , Cui Hu , Yu Zhi Yong , Zhao Hou Sui , Wang Xuan Jun
Published: December 2011

FeCoNi-expanded graphite (EG) microwave absorption composites were prepared by electroless plating process. Nickel、nickel-cobalt alloy and nickel-cobalt-iron alloy were plated to the expanded graphite, and the elemental composition, structure, magnetic and microwave absorption of these composites were investigated with the use of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectra, hysteresis loop and electromagnetic parameter analysis. The microwave absorption properties were measured in the frequency range of 2.0-18 GHz. The results show that EG is plated symmetrical magnetic metal or their alloy, it is about 70~150nm thick. The coatings deposited from an electroless bath have the transformation of amorphous phase to crystalline phase after heat treatment 1h at 400°C.The magnetism capability of these composites is enhanced compared with pure EG. The optimum matching is 3mm thick and the maximum reflection coefficient shifts to lower frequency with the increase of thickness. The absorption property of FeCoNi-EG composite after heat treatment 1h at 400°C is the best, and when it is 3mm thick, the maximum theoretical reflection loss is about -28.8dB (the matching frequency is 13.5GHz), and the absorption bandwidth below -10dB is 8GHz. The other adsorption bandwidth below -10dB for plating Ni, Ni-Co, Ni-Fe on the surface of EG were 4.2GHz, 5.2GHz and 6.5GHz, respectively.
The Application of Improved Hill-Climbing in the Multiple Nonlinear Regression
Authors: Li An Lin , Zhang Huan Ping , Du Hui , Li Yang , Song Hai Xiang
Published: December 2011

The hill-climbing has been improved by using the percentage random step and by changing variable values instantly, which is under the condition of an improvement in the objective function having been made by a step forward of a variable in a certain direction, and the improved hill-climbing has been used to solve nonlinear regression problems , and the specific algorithm steps is given, and it has been validated with satisfactory results by using practical examples.
The Influence of Crystal Seeds on the Particle Size Distribution of Hydrolysis Product of Titanyl Sulfate
Authors: Hua Qiao , Wu Lin , Yi De Lian , Ouyang Zhao Hui , Wang Jing , Li Min , Xu Jun Hong , Zhang Hui Min , Tao Mao Sheng
Published: December 2011

The hydrolysis product was prepared by added-seed thermal hydrolysis method with industrial titanyl sulfate solution. The influences of some factors (such as preheating temperature, sodium hydroxide concentration and activity of seeds) on the particle size and particle size distribution (PSD) of hydrolysis product were studied. The product was characterized by particle size analyzer and filtering property test. The results showed that all these factors had great impacts on PSD of product and its filtering property, the narrowest coefficient of variation (C.V.) was 43.0% and the fewest filtering time was 311s. The optimal conditions were as follows: preheating temperature was 90°C; NaOH concentration was 8.0-8.5%; activity of crystal seeds was 100-140 mL.
Hydraulic Fracture Height Growth Containment by Artificial Barrier: Experimental Studies
Authors: Hu Yong Quan , Zhao Jin Zhou , Lin Tao
Published: December 2011

It is necessary to control hydraulic fracture height growth by creating artificial barrier for reservoir with thin payzone or weak overburdens and underburdens. In this paper, the influential factors on resistance role of artificial barrier were firstly identified and the parameters value range was determined. Then, an affixing intermediate container was combined into the core flow test device in order to ensure buoyant diverter well dispersed into carrying fluid in experiment test, and the particle size distribution of buoyant additives was tested by Malvern laser counter. The crack was made about 2/3 length in artificial core for simulating artificial barrier process by core flow test which were accomplished in base of recommendation practice of petroleum industry. Lastly, successive regression method was applied and a statistical relationship of the barrier strength with carrying fluid viscosity, floating additives concentration and core permeability. Then scouring experiments are made under modeling hydraulically fracturing treatment conditions. It was proven that the artificial barrier was steady at current treatment parameters and that could be effectively controlled hydraulic fracture height growth.
Arylamine Recognition of Photoresponsive AzoMolecular Tweezer
Authors: Peng You
Published: December 2011

The recognition properties of a series of novel photoresponsive azo molecular tweezers containing ester bonds or amido bonds (1-5) for neutral small molecules were investigated. The results indicate that their cis-form show good selectivity for p-nitroaniline.
Antioxidant Activities of the 95% Ethanol Extracts of Nine Chinese Herbs Commonly Used in Hakka Area
Authors: Kuang Wei , Zhang Chen , Huang Man Rong , Liu Zhi Wei
Published: December 2011

Nine Chinese herbs including Artemisiae Argyi, Peristrophe baphica, Paederia scandense, Patrinia villosa, Cassia mimosoides, Gynostemma Pentaphyllum, Rabdosin serra, Mesona chinensis and Houttuynia cordata are commonly used in Hakka area. We investigated the antioxidant activities of 95% ethanol extracts from whole plants of the nine Chinese herbs by two in vitro assays, namely DPPH radical-scavenging activity and ferric reducing/antioxidant power(FRAP) assay. The contents of total flavonoids and total phenols were measured by aluminum chloride and Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric assays, respectively, and their correlations with DPPH radical-scavenging effect and ferric reducing/ antioxidant power (FRAP) were analyzed. The extracts were found to have different levels of antioxidant activity in the systems tested. Cassia mimosoides had the highest value of antioxidant activity based on DPPH radical-scavenging activity and ferric reducing power and the highest contents of total flavonoids and total phenols, followed by Rabdosin serra. Ferric reducing/ antioxidant power (FRAP) was shown to provide higher association with the contents of total flavonoids and total phenols than DPPH radical-scavenging activity. Thus, we suggest that Cassia mimosoides and Rabdosin serra could be used as potential sources of safe dietary supplement or antioxidant of natural origin to promote human health.
Convenient Synthesis and Characterization of Star-Shaped Dendrimers: 2,4,6-Trisubstituted 1,3,5-Triazine Derivatives
Authors: Meng Qi , Wu Gui Yong , Shao Ying , Sun Xiao Qiang
Published: December 2011

A serial of novel star-shaped 2,4,6-trisubstituted 1,3,5-triazine (s-triazine) dendrimers were synthesized via step-by-step nucleophilic substitution starting from 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine, and were characterized by 1H, 13C NMR, FT-IR and ESI-MS spectra. The crystal structures for 2b, 2d and 4c have been determined by X-ray diffraction analysis, which indicate that there are hydrogen bonding and short contact interactions existing in intermolecules result in forming three-dimensional network architecture. D NMR experiments demonstrate that symmetrical trialkylamino-s-triazine shows correlated rotations of its N(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl) groups, while unsymmetrical 2-R-4,6-bis(dialkylamino)-s-triazines display two non-equivalent N(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl) groups, issued from the restricted rotation about the created C(s-triazine)-N bonds, and was conformed by crystallographic data.
Construction of a Novel Recombinant Escherichia coli Strain Capable of Producing 1,3–propanediol
Authors: Qi Xiang Hui , Guo Qi , Wei Yu Tuo , Xu Hong , Huang Ri Bo
Published: December 2011

1, 3-propanediol (1, 3-PD) is biologically synthesized by glycerol dehydratase (GDHt) and 1, 3-propanediol dehydrogenase (PDOR). In present study, the gldABC gene, encoding GDHt from Klebsiella pneumoniae and the yqhD gene, encoding PDOR isoenzyme from E.coli BL21 were cloned and co-expressed in E.coli JM109 using plasmid pSE380. The over-expressed recombinant enzymes were purified by nickel-chelate chromatography combined with gel filtration to study the properties. Optimal temperature and pH of recombinant GDHt with specific activity of 85.8 U/mg were 45 °C and 9.0; and optimal temperature and pH of recombinant YqhD with specific activity of 80.0 U/mg were 37 °C, 7.0. The microbial conversion of 1,3-PD from glycerol by this recombinant E. coli strain was studied and the production of 1,3-PD was about 28.0 g/l.
Removal of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollutants by Ditch Wetlands of the Maixi River, Guizhou Province, China
Authors: Lin Tao , Zhang Bang Xi , Xia Pin Hua , Fu Wen Jun , Fu Li Ya , Hu Ji Wei
Published: December 2011

A natural ditch wetland grown with nature annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.), alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.), common duckweed (Lemna minor L.) and curly pondweed (Potamogeton crispus L.) etc. were selected to study the removal capacity of agricultural non-point source pollutants in the Maixi River in Guiyang City, the capital of Guizhou Province, China. The removal characteristics and seasonal variation of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus (TP), ammonia-nitrogen (NH+4-N), and suspended solids (SS) in the ditch water was studied. The results showed that there existed a certain seasonal diversity in the removal characteristics of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic pollutants by the ditch. The removal efficiency of TP, COD and SS demonstrated an increasing tendency with their increasing concentration at the ditch inlet, whereas that of the NH4+-N displayed contrary tendency as the concentration of NH4+-N increased.
Mass Transfer Mechanism of a Water-Sparged Aerocyclone Reactor
Authors: Quan Xue Jun , Zhao Qing Hua , Xiang Jin Xin , Cheng Zhi Liang , Wang Fu Ping
Published: December 2011

Air stripping of ammonia is a widely used process for the pretreatment of wastewater. Scaling and fouling on the packing surface in packed towers and a lower stripping efficiency are the two major problems in this process. New patented equipment that is suitable for the air stripping of wastewater with suspended solids has been developed. Air stripping of ammonia from water with Ca(OH)2, was performed in the newly designed gas-liquid contactor, a water-sparged aerocyclone (WSA). The mechanism of the mass transfer process in the WSA was investigated using a CO2—NaOH rapid pseudo first order reaction system. The results indicated that there is a critical gas phase inlet velocity Ug. When Ug is lower than this value, the increase of the inlet velocity has a double function of both intensifying the liquid side film mass transfer coefficient kL and increasing the specific mass transfer area a; whereas when Ug is larger than this value, the major function of Ug increase is to make the water drops in the WSA broken, increasing the mass transfer area of gas-liquid phases.
Effect of Metal Ions (Cu2+/Fe2+) on the Antioxidant Activity of L-Ascorbic Acid-Glycine Model System
Authors: Lei Cheng Yi , Zhou Da Zhai , Zhao Rong , Deng Qi Hui , Yu Ai Nong , Yang Xiao Hong
Published: December 2011

The influence of Cu2+, Fe2+ on the Maillard reaction were studied by heating L-ascorbic(ASA) and glycine (Gly) solutions adjusted to pH 5 at 120±2°C for 140 min in an oil bath. The presence of metals affected the intensity of browning and intermediate products, as monitored by absorbance at 420 nm and absorbance at 294 nm, sharply increased with the increase of metal concentrations applied (0.000M, 0.005M, 0.010M, 0.015M, 0.020M). Thereafter, slight increases were observed up to 0.020M. Antioxidative activity of all MRPs derived from ASA-Gly model systems sharply increased at 0.015M (P < 0.05) and slightly changes in activity were found with increasing metal concentrations up to 0.020M. Moreover, radical-scavenging activity correlated well with browning intensity and absorbance at 294 nm.
Effects of Glycine on the Properties of the Long Afterglow Phosphor CaAl2O4:Eu2+, Nd3+ Prepared by Combustion Synthesis
Authors: Liu Xiao Xia , Qin Hai Lian , Peng Gui Hua , Liang Zhen Hua
Published: December 2011

The long afterglow phosphor CaAl2O4: Eu2+, Nd3+ was prepared by combustion synthesis, and the influence of glycine on the luminescent properties of the long afterglow phosphor was studied. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and fluorescence spectroscopy (PL) etc. The results showed that the main phase of the combustion products is CaAl2O4 with monoclinic crystal structure. The introduction of glycine prolongs the afterglow time.
Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from Ottelia acuminata (Gagnep.) Dandy Using RSM
Authors: Zhu Ai Shi
Published: December 2011

Ultrasonic technology was applied to polysaccharides extraction from Ottelia acuminata (Gagnep.) Dandy and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the effects of processing parameters on polysaccharides yields. Three independent variables such as liquid-solid ratio (ml/g, X1), extraction temperature (°C, X2) and extraction time (hour, X3) were investigated respectively. The statistical analysis indicated that the three variables and the quadratic of X1 and X3 had significant effects on the yields and followed by the significant interaction effects between the variables of X1 and X3, X2 and X3 (p<0.05). A mathematical model with high determination coefficient was gained. The optimal extraction conditions of polysaccharides were determined as follows: liquid-solid ratio 43 ml/g, extraction temperature 90 °C and extraction time 3.45 hours. Under these conditions, the experimental yield of polysaccharides was 107.44 mg/g, which was agreed closely with the predicted value 108.71 mg/g.
The Mixing Characteristics and Residence Time Distribution of Cut Tobacco Particles in Drum Mixer
Authors: Zhu Wen Kui , Liu Dong , Du Jin Song
Published: December 2011

Residence time distributions were determined for the continuous processing of cut tobacco in the rotary drum by introducing expanded cut tobacco tracers to the inlet of the processing system using the negative step change method. Effects of rotating speed of the rotary cylinder and solids flow rate on the mixing homogenization and residence time distribution (RTD) of experiment materials was investigated. PER-CSTR series model and multistage CSTR model were used to fit the experimental results. The result shows mixing homogenization increased significantly with the increasing feeding rate of cut tobacco and decreasing drum rotating speed. PER-CSTR series model is more suitable to describe the RTD characteristics of flow materials in drum. The axis movement of cut tobacco along the drum is approximate to the plug-flow.
Experimental Study on Heat Transfer of Bellows
Authors: Yan Shao Feng , Feng Shi Hong , Sun Yue Qiu
Published: December 2011

Heat transfer of condensation has been theoretically and experimentally studied.The calculation formula of heat transfer coefficient outside and inside of bellows was deduced, and corrected through experiment. The calculation results are accordant with the experimental ones, and the errors is less than 10%. The effect of bellows structure parameters and pipe diameter on the enhancement heat transfer has been investigated. It is found that in the steady flow region, the average heat transfer coefficient outside and inside of bellows is 3-5 times than that in a smooth tube under the same conditions, and when considering the increasing in heat transfer area, the effectiveness of enhancement heat transfer is 5-7 times than that in a smooth tube.At the same time, total heat transfer coefficient is 3-5 times and 5-7 times than that in a smooth tube.
Preparation of Sulfoaluminate Cement Using Industrial Waste Residue
Authors: Wang Lei , Wang Ye , Yang Tian Hua , Li Run Dong
Published: December 2011

Large amount of emissions from industrial waste residue to the environment has caused serious pollutions. Utilization way to using industrial waste residue preparing sulfoaluminate cement (SAC) is got much attention of scholars both at home and abroad. It summarized the present researches for preparation of SAC from industrial waste residue (IWR). Sintering temperature, mineral composition, physical properties (fineness, standard viscosity, setting time), mechanical properties (compressive strength, flexural strength) and corrosion resistance of cement clinker were analyzed. Preparation of SAC clinker using IWR is a very promising environmental technology.
Preparation and Properties of Interpenetrating Polymer Network Films from Prevulcanized Natural Rubber Latex/Chitosan Blends
Authors: Lu Guang , Yu He Ping , Zeng Zong Qiang , Luo Yong Yue
Published: December 2011

The acidfied sulfur-prevulcanized natural rubber (NR) latex was mixed with 1～20 parts per hundred rubber (phr) of a 2wt% solution of chitosan (CS) in 1wt% acetic acid, then cast to preapare a series of NR/CS semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) films; the NR/CS semi-IPN films were further treated with 0.5wt% glutaraldehyde（GA）solution for respectively 1, 3 and 6h to obtain NR/CS IPN films. The mechanical properties and swelling behavours in various media of water, toluene and reference olis of IRM901 and IRM 903 of these films were studied and compared with those pure sulfur-prevulcanized natural rubber latex (SNRL) film. Results showed that, NR/CS IPN films with better mechanical properties could be obained by treating the 24h-leached NR/CS semi-IPN films than by treating directly the unleached ones with 0.5wt% GA solution; the tear strength, 300% modulus, Shore A hardness, hydrophilicity and resistance to non-polar solvents and oil of the SNRL films increased with the incorporation of CS, while the NR/CS IPN films exhibited better than the NR/CS semi-IPN films, especially in tear strength enhancement; the tensile strength and elongation at break of NR/CS semi-IPN and IPN films gradually decreased with the increase in CS content. However, most of the elasticity of pure NR vulcanizate could be reserved, when the CS content was not greater than 15 phr.
The Dislocation Density Distribution of Different Types of Doped InP Wafers
Authors: Luo Xin Jiang , Sun Nie Feng
Published: December 2011

It is of great significance to study on the dislocation density distribution of different types of doped indium phosphide (InP) crystal wafers for fabricating high-quality InP single crystal with low dislocation density. In the paper, a new etched pits density mapping (EPD mapping) measurement is introduced to measure the dislocation density distribution of the S-doped, Fe-doped and non-doped InP wafers pulled by high-pressure liquid encapsulated Czochralski (HP-LEC) technique. Test results show that in the three types of InP wafers， the S-doped InP wafer’s dislocation density is lowest and uniformity is best; the non-doped InP wafer’s dislocation density is maximum and uniformity is the worst; the Fe-doped InP wafer’s dislocation density and uniformity are between the S-doped and non-doped InP wafers. In the paper, the measurement results are analyzed in detail also from the faces of the doping and crystal growth process and thermodynamic mechanism. This study shows that in addition to traditional methods, using reasonable doping process can also effectively reduce the dislocation in the crystal, enhance the lattice strength and improve the uniformity of the InP single crystal.
Extraction of Feature Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Probed by a Sensor against a Large Background Noise
Authors: Wu Zhi Ying , Zhang Yi , He Xin
Published: December 2011

An algorithm of independent component analysis from blind source separation domain is used and a Δλ-model strong-noise immunity is proposed in this work. The test results showed that maximal extraction error is respectively 0.28% and 3.7% under a SNR of 1/886 and an excellent agreementbetween the numerical simulation and the actual detection value is found, and the detection limit of test sample is improved from 16 ppb with the model based on common linear equations to 2 ppb using the proposed model.
Preparation and Characterization of Epoxidized Natural Rubber
Authors: Xu Kui , He Can Zhong , Wang Yue Qiong , Luo Yong Yue , Liao Shuang Quan , Peng Zheng
Published: December 2011

Epoxidized Natural Rubber is prepared with latex processing technology. The relationships of the epoxidation with the reaction times and temperature were investigated. The structure of ENR was characterized by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FIIR). It is found that, the by products, ring-open components increases with the reaction temperatures and the reaction times. It is found that as the level of epoxidation increased, the number of tetrahydrofuran ring increased.
Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Blue Phosphors Sr3MgSi2O8:Eu2+ by Gel-Combustion Method
Authors: Zhai Yong Qing , Liu Ya Hong , You Zhi Jiang , Qiao Jing , Qiu Man De
Published: December 2011

Blue-emitting phosphors Sr3MgSi2O8:Eu2+ with high brightness were prepared by gel-combustion method under weak reductive atmosphere. The as-synthesized phosphors were investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fluorescence spectrophotometer. The results indicate that Sr3MgSi2O8:Eu2+ phosphors have orthorhombic crystal structure. The excitation spectrum is a broad band and with two peaks at around 414 nm and 400 nm respectively. The emission spectrum is also a broad band, and the emission peak is at about 460 nm. It’s ascribed to typical transition from 4f5d to 4f of Eu2+. Besides, it is found that the dosage of urea, the reductive temperature and time, etc. have great effects on luminescence intensity of Sr3MgSi2O8:Eu2+ phosphors. The optimum process conditions were confirmed.
Investigation on the Synthesize Reaction Possibility of M(CO)2CY-Ph3XR(M=Cr, Mn; X=Sn, Ge; Y=S, Se; R= N(C4H4), N(C8H6), C6H5)
Authors: Wu Zheng Ping , Butler Ian S.
Published: December 2011

The thermodynamics properties of synthesize reactions of Ph3SnR (R= N (C4H4), N(C8H6), C6H5) and CpM(CO)2CY(M=Cr, Mn; Y=S, Se), the total energy and Mulliken atomic charges of the compound products M(CO)2CY-Ph3XR(M=Cr, Mn; X=Sn, Ge; Y=S, Se; R= N(C4H4), N(C8H6), C6H5) with different substitute positions on the benzene ring were investigated using DFT method. The calculation results of total energy showed that the ligand was determinant of the favourable substituted position and the central metal of two different type ligands CpCr(CO)2CY(Y=S, Se) and CpMn(CO)2 CY(Y=S, Se) was the key factor; whether the reactants Ph3SnR( R= N(C4H4), N(C8H6)) and Ph3SnR( R= C6H5) had the pyrrole or not had effect on the character of substituted position. The Mulliken atomic charges of central metal Sn and Ge showed that the atom charge value of Sn and Ge of M(CO)2CY-Ph4X was smaller than M(CO)2CY-Ph3XN (C4H4) and M(CO)2CY-Ph3XN(C8H6) (M=Cr, Mn; X=Sn, Ge; Y=S, Se) correspondingly; electron-donating trend of Ph3GeR group was stronger than that of Ph3SnR group; the pyrrole group had some conjugation effects which made the electronic distribute more even. The calculation results of thermodynamics properties of the synthesize reactions of Ph3SnR(R=N(C4H4), N(C8H6), C6H5) and CpCr(CO)CS showed that the reaction possibility was small at the general condition; ligand CpMn(CO)2CY(Y=S, Se) was more favorable to the reaction than CpCr(CO)2CY(Y=S, Se); different substituted positions would have effect on the reaction possibility apparently. Decreasing temperature would be favorable to the possibility of the reactions, but increasing temperature might be favourable to the rate of reactions.
Solid-Liquid Extraction Kinetics of Flavonoids in Ficus microcarpa
Authors: Wang Li Sheng , Liu Li Heng , Duan Man , Liu Xiong Min
Published: December 2011

The solid-liquid extraction kinetics of flavonoids from Ficus microcarpa with ethanol was studied. The effects of temperature and concentration of ethanol on extraction kinetics were examined. It is found that the higher temperature and concentration of ethanol, the higher leaching yields. The leaching process can be described by outer diffusion control model before 60 min and the shrinking-core model between 60 min and 150 min. The leaching process kinetics equations were established, respectively.
Adsorption Kinetics of Grape Seed Procyanidins on Macroporous Adsorbent Resin
Authors: Song Ying Hua
Published: December 2011

Experiments were carried out to study the adsorption kinetics of grape seed procyanidins onto macroporous resin HZ818 from aqueous solutions.The effects of temperature,initial concentration and agitation on the adsorption kinetics have been investigated.Both the Lagergren-first-order equation and intra-particular diffusion model were used to describe the adsorption mechanisms. And the adsorption process were affected both by film diffusion and by intra-particle diffusion.The intra-particle diffusion rate constants increase with an increase in temperature,initial concentration and agitation speed.
Hydrothermal Sulfidation of White Lead with Elemental Sulfur
Authors: Li Cun Xiong , Wei Chang , Song Yan , Deng Zhi Gan , Liao Ji Qiang , Xu Hong Sheng , Li Min Ting , Li Xin Bing
Published: December 2011

Hydrothermal sulfidation of pure white lead with elemental sulfur has been studied in the present paper. The variables considered in the study were temperature, time, particle size and elemental sulfur fraction in the reacting mixture. Temperature and time were the most two important factors, with an increase in temperature and holding time the sulfidation extent of lead improved greatly and the constituent of products changed a lot. At temperatures above 140°C, PbS and PbSO4 were the only stable reaction products in the sulfidation of white lead. The experimental data indicated that under the hydrothermal conditions with a particle size of -58+48 μm and sulfur fraction in reacting mixture of 8% at 140 °C for 90 min, and 86% of lead sulfidation extent was achieved.
Maxwell-Stefan Equations Applied to the Modeling of Multi-Component Permeation through a Silicalite-1 Membrane
Authors: Xu Chun Hui , Chen Yun Chao , Peng Anna , Wang Ning Wei , Shang Hao , Zhong Yi Jun , Zhu Wei Dong
Published: December 2011

The component fluxes and separation factors of the two binary systems CO2/CH4 and n-butane/isobutane through a defect-free silicalite-1 membrane were measured and modeled by the generalized Maxwell-Stefan (GMS) equations. For a mixture of CO2 and CH4 through the zeolite membrane, the GMS equations in combination with the Ideal Adsorbed Solution (IAS) theory for the mixture adsorption appropriately describe the component fluxes. On the other hand, this model cannot predict the permeation behavior of a mixture of butane isomers. In the current study, the proposed model based on the GMS equations combined with the Binary Dual-site Langmuir (BDSL) for the adsorption of butane isomers on silicalite-1 successfully simulates the permeation fluxes and separation factors.
Application of Finger Oral in the Training of Employees in Mine Enterprises
Authors: Zhang An Yuan
Published: December 2011

In order to satisfy the actual needs of training for employees in mine enterprises, finger oral focuses on accurate position operation and safety confirmation and can effectively solve the problems such as inadequate enthusiasm in training and low training effects. On the one hand, this paper discussed the rationality of adopting finger oral in employee’s internal training from three aspects such as operability, applicability and economic benefits. On the other hand, from psychological stability and standard and rigorous movements’ point of view, this paper demonstrated the actual effects of finger oral in mine industry. In addition, based on propaganda, comprehensive survey and field direction, this paper gave a systematic analysis of the implementation measures of figure oral in mine industry.
Catalytic Performances of Silicon Dioxide Supported Titania as Catalyst in Transesterification between Diethyl Oxalate and Phenol
Authors: Bian Li , Zhang Guang Lin
Published: December 2011

A series of silicon dioxide supported titania by the impregnation method for transesterification of diethyl oxalate (DEO) and phenol was carried out under the facile catalytic condition in the liquid phase at 453 k in the atmospheric pressure. Within different TiO2 loadings ranging from 1% to 20%, 10% TiO2/SiO2 performed best, giving 49.5% conversion of DEO and the total 100% selectivity to ethyl phenyl oxalate (EPO) and diethyl oxalate (DPO). To further study the relationship between catalytic performances and the catalysts structure, several characterization methods, analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy measurement and FTIR of adsorbed pyridine studies were utilized. The results of XRD and Raman, showed amorphous structure of TiO2 on SiO2 below the 10% loading and crystalline form of TiO2 phase on SiO2 above the 10% loading. In addition, FTIR of adsorbed pyridine studies illuminated the Lewis-type acid sites were responsible for transesterification between DEO and phenol.
Shape-Selective Alkylation of Toluene with Propylene over Modified Zeolite
Authors: He Jun , Zhang Jing , Li Jun Hui , Zhu Zhi Rong
Published: December 2011

The shape-selective alkylation of toluene with propylene to produce p-cymene (p-isopropyltoluene) was investigated over parent zeolites and modified zeolites. The catalytic performance was compared over ZSM-5, MOR, SAPO-11, MCM-22 and β zeolite. And, their selectivity was improved by loading of metallic oxides over zeolites, and modified β zeolite showed the highest conversion of toluene and the highest selectivity of p-cymene. Moreover, the reaction conditions were optimized over the modified β zeolite.
Ammoxidation of 3-Picoline over V2O5/TiO2 Catalysts: Effects of TiO2 Supports on the Catalytic Performance
Authors: Zhang Fu Min , Chen Fei , Xiao Qiang , Zhong Yi Jun , Zhu Wei Dong
Published: December 2011

A series of V2O5/TiO2 catalysts were prepared by wet impregnation, and these prepared catalysts were characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, H2-TPR, and TEM techniques and used in the selective ammoxidation of 3-picoline to 3-cyanopyridine. The effects of TiO2 supports on the catalytic properties of the resulting catalysts for the ammoxidation of 3-picoline to 3-cyanopyridine were investigated in detail. It is found that the V5+/V4+ transformation during ammoxidation is more favorable than the V5+/V3+ transformation for the selective ammoxidation of 3-picoline to 3-cyanopyridine. The V2O5/TiO2 catalysts prepared from the nanosized TiO2 particles as supports show a high activity for the direct oxidation of 3-picoline by air, resulting Subscript text Subscript textin a low selectivity for 3-cyanopyridine. This could be due to the fact that the active species vanadium oxides could be only supported on the external surface of the nano-sized TiO2 particles with very minor contact area, leading to the weak interactions between active species and support.
Fabrication and Photocatalytic Decolorization Performance of ZnO
Authors: Cheng Jie , Li Jian Zhang , Zhong Jun Bo , Hu Wei
Published: December 2011

Paralled flaw precipitation method has been employed to synthesize nanostructured ZnO. The prepared photocatalyst was characterized by BET, XRD. The paper reveals that Methyl Orange (MO) can be decolorized effectively in ZnO suspension system under UV irradiation. The optimal loading of photocatalyst in our experimental condition for the decolorization of MO is 1g/L. The present study, on the base of Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism, illustrates that the decolorization reaction is a pseudo first order kinetic model with the limiting rate constant of 8.48×10-2 mgL-1min-1 and equilibrium adsorption constant 0.335 L/mg, respectively.
Fabrication and Photocatalytic Performance of Ag/ZnO
Authors: Xiao Zheng Hua , Zhong Jun Bo , Li Jian Zhang , Hu Wei
Published: December 2011

It has been found that the photocatalytic activity of ZnO toward the decolorization of Methyl Orange solution can be greatly improved by loading Ag on the surface of ZnO using a photodeposition method. The photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), respectively. 0.5%Ag/ZnO demonstrates 2.13 times the photocatalytic activity of pure ZnO.
Novel Technology for Producing Iron Oxide Red from Bypoduct Ferrophosphorus
Authors: Ji Jun , Ding Yao , Ding Yi Gang , Chen Hu
Published: December 2011

Novel technology for producing iron oxide red from bypoduct ferrophosphorus was proposed. The conversion rate of Fe can reach 91% when the acidolysis temperature is 408 K,acidolysis time is 90 min, the dosage of H2SO4 is 1.2 times the theoreti-cal value, the ratio of the mass of water for calcined product is 0.9 and the ratio of the mass of catalyst for calcined product is 0.02. The comprehensive recovery and utilization of ferrophos-phorus is feasible with this process.
Determination of Metastable Zone Width, Induction, Period and Interfacial Energy of (R)-3-(methylamino)-1-Phenylpropanol Hydrochloride
Authors: Zhu Liang , Lei Rong Rong , Wang Yan Fei , Yang Li Bin , Sha Zuo Liang
Published: December 2011

Solubility, metastable zone width and induction period of (R)-3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropanol hydrochloride (MPH) in ethanol were determined by synthetic method at atmospheric pressure. The measured induction period data are also used to estimate the interfacial tension values of the system. The determined interfacial tension values have been also used to evaluate the nucleation parameters, such as the radius of the critical nuclei, the free energy change per unit volume, the critical free energy barriers.