bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Há efeito da idade relativa em nadadores do campeonato mundial de esportes aquáticos de Budapeste 2017?
Authors: Augusto Silva Lemos Mário , Rocha Soares Everton , Tolomeu de Oliveira Géssyca , Melo Ferreira Renato
Published: July 2021

Introdução: O efeito da idade relativa (EIR) pode ser entendido como a diferença na idade cronológica de indivíduos nascidos no mesmo ano de seleção, bem como pelas vantagens maturacionais em relação a seus pares nascidos no mesmo ano, o que parece favorecer o desempenho para determinadas categorias esportivas. Objetivo: Verificar a presença do EIR em nadadores participantes do Campeonato Mundial de Esportes Aquáticos Budapeste 2017.Métodos: Estudo seccional retrospectivo, que utilizou dados secundários, do qual fizeram parte 983 atletas de natação. O critério de inclusão foi integrar os 30 melhores atletas de cada prova do campeonato mundial de 2017. Foi realizado o teste qui-quadrado com análise de proporção 2x2 com correção de Bonferroni entre cada quartil. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que não foi verificado EIR ao se analisar o sexo, porém observou-se tal efeito segundo tipos de prova (velocidade; p=0,02) e etapas da competição (eliminatória e semifinal; p=0,01). Conclusão: Concluiu-se que houve EIR em nadadores de provas de velocidade e nos participantes das fases eliminatórias e semifinais. Sugere-se que outros estudos sejam desenvolvidos considerando os campeonatos subsequentes a fim de que esse efeito seja observado.
Wave propagation and reflection in the aorta and implications of the aortic Windkessel
Authors: Tyberg John V.
Published: July 2021

Some have said that it is inappropriate and perhaps impossible to consider wave and Windkessel phenomena simultaneously. For 50 years, arterial hemodynamics has been dominated by the frequency-domain “impedance analysis” in which it was assumed that all variations in aortic pressure and flow were caused only by forward- and backward-going waves. This paper is a review of the results of incorporating the effects of Frank’s Windkessel. We have taken the view that measured aortic pressure is the sum of a Windkessel component and forward-going and backward-going wave components. When the Windkessel component is initially subtracted out, the pattern of propagation and reflection of wave components becomes clear. Furthermore, this analysis obviates the implications of impedance analysis that have not been explained satisfactorily.
Ejes que vertebran tres modelos educativos universitarios: Académico, de gestión y tecnológico
Authors: Yañez Soria Liliana , Chaparro Sánchez Ricardo , Hernández López María Sandra
Published: July 2021

Las universidades públicas mexicanas se conforman por diversas instancias para ofrecer una educación de calidad, que son plasmadas e un Modelo Universitario. El objetivo investigativo consistió en el análisis de tres universidades mexicanas (UACH, UAT y UdeG) respecto a tres ejes: Académico (modelo académico, docentes y estudiantes), de Gestión (académica y administrativa) y el Tecnológico (infraestructura y modalidades) respecto a la educación a distancia. Como conclusión, el modelo pedagógico es compartido por las instituciones, el eje de Gestión se enfoca al perfil además de desempeño docente, y el eje Tecnológico busca la creación de ambientes de aprendizaje adaptados a cada contexto.
Study the impact of Difron 4201 depressor additive on formation of paraffin deposition in laboratory conditions
Authors:   Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry, Gurbanov G.R. , Adygozelova M.B. ,   Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry, Ahmadov S.F. ,   Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry, Pashayeva S.M. ,   Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry
Published: July 2021

The impact of Difron 4201 depressor additive on the asphaltene deposits on metallic surface has been studied for the first time in laboratory conditions via "coldfinger" method. The experiments were carried out in various temperatures of "coldfinger” and different concentrations of Difron 4201 depressor additive. The experiment lasted 3 hours. The amount of deposited paraffin in different times (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 minutes) on the coldfinger surface was specified via the analytical balance and it was defined that with decreasing temperature of the coldfinger the amount of oil sediments on the surface increases and the intensity of deposition decreases by time, and stabilizes after 120 minutes. As a result of the mass dependence of asphaltene deposits on the concentration of depressor additive, it was defined that with increasing concentration of the additive in the oil, the amount of deposits decreases and in the 900 g/t concentration, the maximum level of deposit reduction is observed. The efficiency of depressor additive and the maximum percentage of paraffin sediments on coldfinger surface has been estimated based on the obtained results of experiments. The highest effect was observed in the concentration of 900 g/t concentration of Difron 4201 depressor additive (85 %). Depending on the temperature of coldfinger the maximum percentage of paraffin sediments on the coldfiner surface was equal to 0 оC – 12.8, 5 оC – 9.16, 10 оC – 6.76, 15 оC – 5.82, 20 оC – 5.04, 25 оC – 2.96, 30 оC – 1.63.
Study oil density in flow, system of automated measurement and inaccuracies
Authors:   Institute for Management Systems, Azerbaijan Republic, Isayev M.M. , Mammadova M.B. ,   Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry, Khasayeva N.M. ,   Azerbaijan Technical University, Aghayeva F.Sh. ,   Sumgait State University, Badalova N.Kh. ,   Azerbaijan Technical University
Published: July 2021

The paper reviews the issues of specification of fluid fuel amount with high measuring accuracy transported through oil pipelines. The operation algorithm of vibration-frequency densitometer for automatic measurement of fluid fuel density with high measuring accuracy in technological process in the exploitation conditions is based on the hybrid test method. For this purpose test equations on measuring links using simple additive and multiplicative tests, as well as their combinations have been developed, test equations composed, and as a result of their solution the main test equation obtained. The mathematic-statistic estimation of the results of densitometer measurements correcting test algorithms for the definition of measurement errors and composing inaccuracies, the method of automated calibration are presented as well.
The Relationship Between the People of the Book and Muslims in the Bible and the Holy Quran
Authors: Emad El-Din abdallah El- Shanti
Published: July 2021

The research discusses an important issue of real life, namely the relationship between the people of the Book and Muslims. Since the people of the Book represent an important segment in our contemporary real life, it becomes necessary to identify texts of the two books (Qur'an - Bible) regarding the relationship with each other. This shall enable the reader to understand the teachings of these books and the relationship that each book commands. The title of the research (the relationship between the people of the Book and Muslims in the Bible, the Holy Quran and the Holy Year) has two main ideas: the relationship of the people of the Book to Muslims in the light of the texts of the Bible and the relationship of the people of the Book to Muslims in the light of the texts of the Holy Quran and Sunnah.
Historical background of Polygamy and its significance in Modern World (Research study in the light of comparative religion and historical evidences)
Authors: Hafiz Muhammad Sani  , Abida Shams  , Bakht Shaid
Published: July 2021

Polygamy is not introduced by Islam and neither does it promote sexuality. There are evidences that favour polygamy in different religions and nations before Islam, many Prophets have acceded to this. Judisum, Chraistianity and Islam: the three major religions permit polygamy, although the polygamy before Islam was based on injustice. Islam permits polygamy in a natural way and therefore frames rules and regulations for polygamy. More than four wives are not allowed simultaneously for a Muslim man. Justice and equality between wives is the primary condition for polygamy in Islam. It seems to resolve many social issues like women are more numerous than men hence it curbs moral licentiousness/adultery incidents in any society. This article deals with polygamy and its significance in any given society
Analysis Of Access To Information And Legal Rights And Effectiveness Of Drc
Authors: Muhammad Asad Jan  , Bushra Hassan Jan
Published: July 2021

The present study aims to analyze the respondent’s perception regarding dispute resolution council’s effectiveness in rural areas of district Mardan-Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP)-Pakistan. The main objective of the research is to measure the association between awareness regarding DRC and legal rights and DRC effectiveness in the study area. Awareness regarding DRC and legal rights helps illiterate persons to a greater extent than the literate ones . The study suggests policy interventions for government to take part in the creation of awareness among general masses regarding the positive features of DRC. Up-gradation of DRC as an institute with professional, cultural knowledge and skills is required with an integrated drive for effectiveness of DRC through coordination with different stakeholders like community, police, district/tehsil administration, DRC members and locally elected representative etc.
Penerapan Sertifikasi Laik Fungsi Terhadap Bangunan Publik di Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: A. Rani Hafnidar , Hanif Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Certificate of Occupancy (CO) is a certificate issued by the Regional Government for a building that has been completed and has met the requirements for the proper occupancy of the building, which is also applied to public buildings in Banda Aceh. The problem of this research is whether the building owner/user knows about CO and whether the building owner/user already knows about the implementation of CO in accordance with the law. This study aims to investigate the owner/users knowledge on CO and to determine the owner/users of the building knowledge about the application of CO in accordance with the law. The data collection technique was carried out by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents, namely owners/users of public buildings in Banda Aceh. The variables used in this study are architectural components, structural, mechanical, electrical, outdoor layout, and the reliability of buildings to public buildings. The results of the factor analysis show that the correlation between a variable and the factors formed is > 0.5, so the factors formed have a relationship to summarize the six variables which has been analyzed. The results of the validity test of the r-table value of 0.197 meet the requirements of rcount > r table. The reliability test results qualify with Cronbach's Alpha value greater than 0.6. The results of descriptive analysis show that the frequency of building owners who know about CO is 6% and building users who know about CO is 2%, while the frequency of owners who know about the application of CO in accordance with the law is 2% and users who know about the application of CO are in accordance with the law is 1%. This indicates that there are still many users/owners of public buildings in Banda Aceh who do not know about CO and do not understand about the application of CO in accordance with the law. Therefore, the Banda Aceh Government needs to disseminate information about the implementation of CO, especially to owners of public buildings.
FOR TEACHING RUSSIAN LANGUAGE AD PERSONAM
Authors: Параккини Л.
Published: July 2021

Настоящая статья посвящена важности инновационных форм обучения в современном образовательном процессе. В контексте требований студентоцентричности рассматриваются изменения условий учебного процесса, в частности изменения мотивации студентов. Применительно к преподаванию РКИ анализируется методический потенциал дидактической платформы для обучения иностранным языкам «Ревита», которая основана на принципах искусственного интеллекта. Выявляются точки соприкосновения функциональности и философии платформы «Ревита» с основными принципами теории образования взрослых (андрагогики).

This article analyzes the importance of innovative teaching forms in the contemporary educational process. It considers the changes in the conditions of such process, in particular the changes of students’ motivation, in a context requiring a student-oriented approach. With reference to the teaching of Russian as foreign language, the work analyzes the methodological potential of the teaching platform for foreign language “Revita”, which is based on the principles of artificial intelligence. The contact points between functionality and philosophy of the platform “Revita” and the basic principles of the theory of adult education (andragogy) are identified.
DEVELOPMENT OF NEW SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL APPROACHES TO THE ORGANIZATION OF VOLUNTARY ACTIVITIES IN THE FIELD OF FIRE SAFETY
Authors: Ратникова Ольга Дмитриевна , Перегудова Наталья Васильевна , Кононко Павел Павлович , Илларионова Надежда Михайловна
Published: July 2021

В статье проведен анализ нормативных правовых документов в области организации добровольческой деятельности. Анализ законодательства и организационно-методических документов, которые обеспечивают унифицированный подход к организации деятельности добровольческих организаций, позволяет МЧС России наиболее эффективно реализовывать полномочия по координации и планированию добровольческой деятельности в сфере ответственности Министерства.

The article analyzes the normative legal documents in the field of organizing voluntary activities. The analysis of legislation and organizational and methodological documents, which provide a unified approach to the organization of the activities of voluntary organizations, allows the Russian Emergencies Ministry to coordinate and plan voluntary activities most effectively.
COVID-19 IMPACT ON GREECE’S HEALTH SECTOR
Authors: Nteka Nikoletta
Published: July 2021

The crisis of the pandemic of Covid-19 is considered as a direct threat not only to the global economy, but to the global health systems as well, especially to nations with small and weaker health systems, such as Greece’s. The effects were felt by both health professionals and patients. This article analyzes the general impact on Covid-19 on health sector, the financial impact of COVID-19 on health sector, refugees’ health during Covid and the impact of Covid-19 on mental health services.
LEI DE RESPONSABILIDADE FISCAL COMO INSTRUMENTO DE CONTROLE PARA AS DESPESAS COM PESSOAL NO CONDESUS DA QUARTA COLÔNIA DO RS
Authors: Goulart Sheila de Oliveira , Almeida Damiana Machado , Dornelles Murilo da Silva , Freitas Daniela Fernandes , Della Justina Dienifer Pauleski , Rossato Taísa Maria
Published: July 2021

Um dos principais aspectos da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal é a imposição de limites para as despesas com pessoal. Nesse contexto, este artigo objetivou analisar os gastos com pessoal do Poder Executivo e Legislativo dos municípios que compõem o Consórcio de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (CONDESUS) – Quarta Colônia do RS, durante os anos de 2011 a 2020. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e documental. Os dados foram coletados no site do Tribunal de Contas do RS – TCE, RS em abril de 2021. Foi possível constatar que apenas um município ultrapassou o limite prudencial e cinco o de alerta. Nenhum dos entes transpôs o limite máximo imposto pela lei. O resultado alcançado permitiu concluir que Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal é relevante para controlar as despesas com pessoal na região analisada.
DIVULGAÇÃO DAS PRÁTICAS DE LOGÍSTICA REVERSA EM COMPANHIAS CONSUMIDORAS DE RECURSOS AMBIENTAIS EM ALTO NÍVEL
Authors: Oliveira Ádria Tayllo Alves , Pereira Mércia de Lima , Câmara Renata Paes de Barros , Paiva Simone Bastos
Published: July 2021

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar quais informações sobre práticas de logística reversa são divulgadas pelas companhias consideradas como consumidoras de recursos ambientais em alto nível da BM&FBOVESPA. O estudo é de natureza qualitativa e descritiva, sendo a amostra composta por 43 companhias listadas na BM&FBOVESPA de variados setores econômicos, cujas notas explicativas, relatórios de sustentabilidade e sites corporativos foram submetidos a uma análise de conteúdo. Foram verificadas as características das informações, no que se refere ao tipo de informação e instrumento de divulgação. Os resultados encontrados demonstram que 53% das empresas praticam a divulgação ambiental relativa à logística reversa, tal percentual pode ser considerado baixo, tendo em vista o alto impacto que as atividades das empresas estudadas causam ao meio ambiente. Em relação ao tipo de informação, 61% das empresas evidenciam informações ambientais de caráter quantitativo, e o instrumento mais utilizado para essa divulgação por 52% das companhias é o relatório de sustentabilidade. Quanto às práticas de logística reversa divulgadas pelas companhias, verificou-se que a reutilização/reuso, reciclagem e reaproveitamento da água são frequentemente divulgados pelas companhias, seguidas por reciclagem e reutilização dos resíduos sólidos.
OS IMPACTOS DA LIDERANÇA NO COMPROMETIMENTO ORGANIZACIONAL DOS COLABORADORES
Authors: Labiak Fernanda Pereira , Cordeiro Gustavo
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: analisar as influências dos estilos de liderança no comprometimento organizacional dos colaboradores do setor de relacionamento com os clientes de uma empresa de pequeno porte do ramo de provedores de internet, considerando a perspectiva de Goleman (2003/2015) para os estilos de liderança e Meyer e Allen (1991) para o comprometimento. Método: foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter exploratório, na qual teve como objeto de investigação o setor de relacionamento com os clientes de uma empresa, que presta serviço de internet no Vale do Itajaí em Santa Catarina. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram 10 colaboradores que fazem parte do referido setor. A coleta de dados foi feita por meio de questionário estruturado, disponibilizado via e-mail. A análise de dados ocorreu mediante a ferramenta Microsoft Excel®. Resultados: os estilos de liderança do grupo ressonante (visionário, conselheiro, afetivo e democrático) foram predominantes no modo de liderar da gestão do setor de relacionamento com os clientes. Os impactos destes estilos tendem a ser positivos no que tange ao comprometimento organizacional dos colaboradores investigados. Conclusão: com base nos resultados obtidos na pesquisa, ressalta-se, portanto, a importância de as organizações de trabalho definirem claramente quais estilos de liderança querem adotar, no intuito de contratar e desenvolver profissionais que atendam a filosofia organizacional com seu modo de liderar. Isso porque os componentes do comprometimento organizacional estão ligados ao sentimento do colaborador, e dependendo do estilo de liderança adotado, podem seguir rumo aos alcances dos objetivos organizacionais ou ficar em desacordo com eles.
EMPODERAMENTO FEMININO E O DESENVOLVIMENTO DA MULHER NO MERCADO DE TRABALHO EM ÁREAS MAJORITARIMANETE MASCULINAS
Authors: Santos Maria Madalena dos , Ferreira Rafael Henrique Mainardes , Fonseca Maria Helena da
Published: July 2021

O Empoderamento Feminino caminha hoje, juntamente com a independência financeira e o reconhecimento no mercado de trabalho, que não deveria variar de acordo com o gênero. Isso torna-se mais forte quando se é reconhecida em um ambiente majoritariamente e culturalmente masculino. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o empoderamento feminino dentro do mercado de trabalho em áreas majoritariamente masculinas, demonstrando que o Empoderamento se mostra de diferentes formas de acordo com a cultura de cada ambiente. Foi feita uma análise bibliométrica, por meio de uma pesquisa feita na base de dados Scopus com os termos: empowerment* and gender equality at work* or gender inequality at work* que resultaram em 149 artigos, além disso foi aplicado um questionário, com cinco perguntas para três mulheres que atuam em cargos e empresas diferentes para verificar a visão das entrevistadas sobre a temática. As respostas variaram de acordo com cada entrevistada, ressaltasse que as opiniões têm pontos em comum, onde o conceito de empoderamento feminino é fazer o que quiser, quando e onde, sem levar em consideração as opiniões alheias. Constatou-se que para cada mulher o empoderamento é definido de uma forma diferente e no ambiente de trabalho almeja-se o reconhecimento com cargos mais altos, ainda assim é necessário que a sociedade em geral entenda a importância da igualdade dos direitos entre os gêneros.
PERCEPÇÃO DOS SERVIDORES PÚBLICOS MUNICIPAIS ACERCA DA INSTITUCIONALIZAÇÃO DE UM PROGRAMAS DE COMPLIANCE
Authors: Marzzoni David Nogueira Silva , Oliveira Laize Almeida de , Ferreira Antônio Wairan da Silva
Published: July 2021

Programas de Compliance são antes de tudo uma boa prática de Governança da organização, uma vez que contribuem para a realização dos objetivos e melhoria do desempenho da gestão pública. O termo compliance se origina no inglês com o propósito de cumprir, executar, obedecer, observar, satisfazer o que lhe é designado. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a percepção dos servidores municipais frente a institucionalização de compliance no município de Rondon do Pará. Este estudo utilizou-se de dados primários extraídos da aplicação de questionário com perguntas objetivas e estruturadas por meio de escala likert de cinco pontos, de 203 questionários enviados via e-mail 42 devolveram respondidos. A pesquisa classifica-se como quantitativa, exploratória é utilizada da estatística descritiva para auxiliar na interpretação dos dados. Como resultado da pesquisa, conclui que embora não exista programas de compliance consolidados no município pesquisado há evidências de trabalhos realizados na área de controladoria que pode se destacar como o princípio para uma adoção de medidas que levem à gestão uma transformação de cultura do sigilo, de modo a enfatizar a necessidade de ampliar o contexto ético para todos os atores envolvidos. Os resultados contribuem para orientar pesquisadores que desejam aprofundar os estudos no campo de conhecimento da democratização no âmbito público, medidas de conformidade que favoreçam a mitigação dos riscos quanto ao envolvimento de instituições e servidores públicos em escândalos de corrupção especialmente na esfera municipal.
Por uma história da saúde do Vale do Jequitinhonha: reflexões sobre práticas populares de cura
Authors: Auxiliadora Carvalho Keila , Souza Ramon Feliphe
Published: July 2021

O artigo reflete sobre as práticas populares de cura no Vale do Jequitinhonha, em Minas Gerais, especificamente em duas cidades da região. Para tanto, realizamos uma digressão por períodos específicos do século XIX e início do século XX, a fim de acompanhar como os agentes de cura populares foram alvo dos discursos da medicina científica no Brasil, no momento em que essa última pretendia afirmar sua hegemonia no campo do cuidado com a saúde. Em seguida, observamos os reflexos desse contexto em Diamantina, onde curadores populares foram envolvidos em processos criminais que pretendiam desqualificar as suas práticas. Por fim, no último tópico, com o auxílio da metodologia de História Oral, discutimos a permanência das práticas populares de cura na região, especialmente, benzeções e o uso de plantas medicinais. Argumentamos que, apesar do processo histórico de repressão aos “curadores” não médicos, as práticas populares de cura seguem presentes na sociedade e constituem elemento fundamental da identidade regional.
Intelectuais paranaenses e a construção do pensamento social no Paraná
Authors: Leal de Almeida Letícia
Published: July 2021

Analisaremos neste trabalho o desenvolvimento do Pensamento Social no Estado do Paraná, a partir de autores como Altiva Pilatti Balhana, Bento Munhoz da Rocha Netto, Brasil Pinheiro Machado e Cecília Westphalen. Os intelectuais paranaenses por vezes interviram no social, e em seus discursos forjaram uma identidade para o paranaense. Problematizaram as relações sociais, produzindo interpretações sobre a realidade paranaense e suas especificidades históricas. Tais produções inserem-se no contexto da consolidação da Universidade do Paraná como irradiador de conhecimento, bem como a autonomização das Ciências Sociais no Paraná a partir dos anos 50.
Apresentação - Dossiê - História e saúde: as interfaces entre a ação pública, as iniciativas da sociedade civil e as inovações tecnológicas
Authors: Lana Vanessa , Teixeira Luiz Antônio
Published: July 2021

Apresentação do Dossiê - História e saúde: as interfaces entre a ação pública, as iniciativas da sociedade civil e as inovações tecnológicas.
THE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND THE GROWTH OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMES) IN GHANA
Authors: Addae-Korankye Alex , Aryee Bernard Agyei
Published: July 2021

The main goal of the study was to examine or investigate the impact of strategic management practices on the growth of SMEs in Ghana. Purposive sampling technique was employed to sample 190 SMEs in Accra, though 150 SMEs responded to the questionnaire. With the help of SPSS version 22, Multiple regression analysis was conducted to assess the impact of strategic management practices on the performance and hence growth of SMEs in Ghana. The study revealed a significant positive relationship between strategy formulation and growth of SMEs in Ghana. The study also found a significant positive relationship between strategy implementation and the growth of SMEs in Ghana, but found a negative relationship between strategy evaluation and growth of SMEs in Ghana. However, overall, the study found a positive relationship between effective and efficient application of strategic management practices and the growth of SMEs in Ghana. As a contribution to policy and practice, the study recommended among others that policy makers, managers and owners of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) should employ strategic management experts especially in the field of strategy evaluation to enhance the quality of their strategy evaluation process so as to positively influence the performance and growth of SMEs.
Outer Solar System Perihelion Gap Formation through Interactions with a Hypothetical Distant Giant Planet
Authors: Oldroyd William J. , Trujillo Chadwick A.
Published: July 2021

Among the outer solar system minor planet orbits there is an observed gap in perihelion between roughly 50 and 65 au at eccentricities
e
≳ 0.65. Through a suite of observational simulations, we show that the gap arises from two separate populations, the Extreme Trans-Neptunian Objects (ETNOs; perihelia q ≳ 40 au and semimajor axes a ≳ 150 au) and the Inner Oort Cloud objects (IOCs; q ≳ 65 au and a ≳ 250 au), and is very unlikely to result from a realistic single, continuous distribution of objects. We also explore the connection between the perihelion gap and a hypothetical distant giant planet, often referred to as Planet 9 or Planet X, using dynamical simulations. Some simulations containing Planet X produce the ETNOs, the IOCs, and the perihelion gap from a simple Kuiper-Belt-like initial particle distribution over the age of the solar system. The gap forms as particles scattered to high eccentricity by Neptune are captured into secular resonances with Planet X where they cross the gap and oscillate in perihelion and eccentricity over hundreds of kiloyears. Many of these objects reach a minimum perihelia in their oscillation cycle within the IOC region increasing the mean residence time of the IOC region by a factor of approximately five over the gap region. Our findings imply that, in the presence of a massive external perturber, objects within the perihelion gap will be discovered, but that they will be only ∼20% as numerous as the nearby IOC population (65 au ≲ q ≲ 100 au).
New Observational Constraints on the Winds of M dwarf Stars*
Authors: Wood Brian E. , Müller Hans-Reinhard , Redfield Seth , Konow Fallon , Vannier Hunter , Linsky Jeffrey L. , Youngblood Allison , Vidotto Aline A. , Jardine Moira , Alvarado-Gómez Julián D. , Drake Jeremy J.
Published: July 2021

High-resolution UV spectra of stellar H i Lyα lines from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) provide observational constraints on the winds of coronal main-sequence stars, thanks to an astrospheric absorption signature created by the interaction between the stellar winds and the interstellar medium. We report the results of a new HST survey of M dwarf stars, yielding six new detections of astrospheric absorption. We estimate mass-loss rates for these detections and upper limits for nondetections. These new constraints allow us to characterize the nature of M dwarf winds and their dependence on coronal activity for the first time. For a clear majority of the M dwarfs, we find winds that are weaker than or comparable in strength to that of the Sun, i.e.,

M

̇

≤
1

M

̇

⊙

. However, two of the M dwarfs have much stronger winds: YZ CMi (M4 Ve;

M

̇

=
30

M

̇

⊙

) and GJ 15AB (M2 V+M3.5 V;

M

̇

=
10

M

̇

⊙

). Even these winds are much weaker than expectations if the solar relation between flare energy and coronal mass ejection (CME) mass extended to M dwarfs. Thus, the solar flare/CME relation does not appear to apply to M dwarfs, with important ramifications for the habitability of exoplanets around M dwarfs. There is evidence for some increase in

M

̇

with coronal activity as quantified by X-ray flux, but with much scatter. One or more other factors must be involved in determining wind strength besides spectral type and coronal activity, with magnetic topology being one clear possibility.
Identifying Acoustic Wave Sources on the Sun. I. Two-dimensional Waves in a Simulated Photosphere
Authors: Bahauddin Shah Mohammad , Rast Mark Peter
Published: July 2021

The solar acoustic oscillations are likely stochastically excited by convective dynamics in the solar photosphere, though few direct observations of individual source events have been made and their detailed characteristics are still unknown. Wave source identification requires measurements that can reliably discriminate the local wave signal from the background convective motions and resonant modal power. This is quite challenging as these noise contributions have amplitudes several orders of magnitude greater than the sources and the propagating wave fields they induce. In this paper, we employ a high-temporal-frequency filter to identify sites of acoustic emission in a radiative magnetohydrodynamic simulation. The properties of the filter were determined from a convolutional neural network trained to identify the two-dimensional acoustic Green’s function response of the atmosphere, but once defined, it can be directly applied to an image time series to extract the signal of local wave excitation, bypassing the need for the original neural network. Using the filter developed, we have uncovered previously unknown properties of the acoustic emission process. In the simulation, acoustic events are found to be clustered at mesogranular scales, with peak emission quite deep, about 500 km below the photosphere, and sites of very strong emission can result from the interaction of two supersonic downflows that merge at that depth. We suggest that the method developed, when applied to high-resolution high-cadence observations, such as those forthcoming with the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope, will have important applications in chromospheric wave studies and may lead to new investigations in high-resolution local helioseismology.
SDSS-IV MaNGA: Refining Strong Line Diagnostic Classifications Using Spatially Resolved Gas Dynamics
Authors: Law David R. , Ji Xihan , Belfiore Francesco , Bershady Matthew A. , Cappellari Michele , Westfall Kyle B. , Yan Renbin , Bizyaev Dmitry , Brownstein Joel R. , Drory Niv , Andrews Brett H.
Published: July 2021

We use the statistical power of the MaNGA integral-field spectroscopic galaxy survey to improve the definition of strong line diagnostic boundaries used to classify gas ionization properties in galaxies. We detect line emission from 3.6 million spaxels distributed across 7400 individual galaxies spanning a wide range of stellar masses, star formation rates, and morphological types, and find that the gas-phase velocity dispersion σ
Hα
correlates strongly with traditional optical emission-line ratios such as [S ii]/Hα, [N ii]/Hα, [O i]/Hα, and [O iii]/Hβ. Spaxels whose line ratios are most consistent with ionization by galactic H ii regions exhibit a narrow range of dynamically cold line-of-sight velocity distributions (LOSVDs) peaked around 25 km s−1 corresponding to a galactic thin disk, while those consistent with ionization by active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and low-ionization emission-line regions (LI(N)ERs) have significantly broader LOSVDs extending to 200 km s−1. Star-forming, AGN, and LI(N)ER regions are additionally well separated from each other in terms of their stellar velocity dispersion, stellar population age, Hα equivalent width, and typical radius within a given galaxy. We use our observations to revise the traditional emission-line diagnostic classifications so that they reliably identify distinct dynamical samples both in two-dimensional representations of the diagnostic line ratio space and in a multidimensional space that accounts for the complex folding of the star-forming model surface. By comparing the MaNGA observations to the SDSS single-fiber galaxy sample, we note that the latter is systematically biased against young, low-metallicity star-forming regions that lie outside of the 3″ fiber footprint.
The Carnegie Chicago Hubble Program X: Tip of the Red Giant Branch Distances to NGC 5643 and NGC 1404
Authors: Hoyt Taylor J. , Beaton Rachael L. , Freedman Wendy L. , Jang In Sung , Lee Myung Gyoon , Madore Barry F. , Monson Andrew J. , Neeley Jillian R. , Rich Jeffrey A. , Seibert Mark
Published: July 2021

The primary goal of the Carnegie Chicago Hubble Program (CCHP) is to calibrate the zero-point of the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) Hubble Diagram through the use of Population II standard candles. So far, the CCHP has measured direct distances to 11 SNe Ia, and here we increase that number to 15 with two new Tip of the Red Giant Branch (TRGB) distances measured to NGC 5643 and NGC 1404. We present resolved, point-source photometry from new Hubble Space Telescope imaging of these two galaxies in the F814W and F606W bandpasses. From each galaxy’s stellar halo, we construct an F814W-band luminosity function in which we detect an unambiguous edge feature identified as the TRGB. For NGC 5643, we find μ
0 = 30.48 ± 0.03(stat) ± 0.07(sys) mag, and for NGC 1404 we find μ
0 = 31.36 ± 0.04(stat) ± 0.05(sys) mag. From a preliminary consideration of the SNe Ia in these galaxies, we find increased confidence in the results presented in Paper VIII. The high precision of our TRGB distances enables a significant measurement of the 3D displacement between the Fornax cluster galaxies NGC 1404 and NGC 1316 (Fornax A) equal to

1.50

−
0.39

+
0.25

Mpc, which we show is in agreement with independent constraints found in the literature.
The First Dynamical Mass Measurement in the HR 8799 System
Authors: Brandt G. Mirek , Brandt Timothy D. , Dupuy Trent J. , Michalik Daniel , Marleau Gabriel-Dominique
Published: July 2021

HR 8799 hosts four directly imaged giant planets, but none has a mass measured from first principles. We present the first dynamical mass measurement in this planetary system, finding that the innermost planet HR 8799 e has a mass of

9.6

−
1.8

+
1.9

M

Jup

. This mass results from combining the well-characterized orbits of all four planets with a new astrometric acceleration detection (5σ) from the Gaia EDR3 version of the Hipparcos-Gaia Catalog of Accelerations. We find with 95% confidence that HR 8799 e is below 13 M
Jup, the deuterium-fusing mass limit. We derive a hot-start cooling age of

42

−
16

+
24

Myr for HR 8799 e that agrees well with its hypothesized membership in the Columba association but is also consistent with an alternative suggested membership in the β Pictoris moving group. We exclude the presence of any additional ≳5 − M
Jup planets interior to HR 8799 e with semimajor axes between ≈3–16 au. We provide proper motion anomalies and a matrix equation to solve for the mass of any of the planets of HR 8799 using only mass ratios between the planets.
Time-lag Between Disk and Corona Radiation Leads to Hysteresis Effect Observed in Black hole X-Ray Binary MAXI J1348-630
Authors: Weng Shan-Shan , Cai Zhen-Yi , Zhang Shuang-Nan , Zhang Wei , Chen Yu-Peng , Huang Yue , Tao Lian
Published: July 2021

Accretion is an essential physical process in black hole X-ray binaries (BHXRBs) and active galactic nuclei. The properties of accretion flows and their radiation were originally considered to be uniquely determined by the mass accretion rate of the disk; however, the “hysteresis effect” observed during outbursts of nearly all BHXRBs seriously challenges this paradigm. The hysteresis effect referred to is that the hard-to-soft state transition in the fast-rise stage occurs at much higher luminosity than the soft-to-hard state transition in the slow-decay stage. That is, the same source can show different spectral/temporal properties at the same luminosity. Phenomenologically, this effect is also represented as the so-called “q”-shaped hardness-intensity diagram, which has been proposed as a unified scene for BHXRBs. However, there is still a lack of quantitative theoretical interpretation and observational understanding of the “q”-diagram. Here, we present a detailed time-lag analysis of a recently found BHXRB, MAXI J1348-630, intensively monitored by Insight-HXMT over a broad energy band (1–150 keV). We find the first observational evidence that the observed time-lag between radiations of the accretion disk and the corona leads naturally to the hysteresis effect and the “q”-diagram. Moreover, complemented by the quasi-simultaneous Swift data, we achieve a panorama of the accretion flow: the hard X-ray outburst from the corona heats and subsequently induces the optical brightening in the outer disk with nearly no lag; thereafter, the enhanced accretion in the outer disk propagates inward, generating the delayed soft X-ray outburst at the viscous timescale of ∼8–12 days.
The Outermost Edges of the Milky Way Halo from Galaxy Kinematics
Authors: Li Zhao-Zhou , Han Jiaxin
Published: July 2021

We measure for the first time the outermost edges of the Milky Way (MW) halo in terms of the depletion and turnaround radii. The inner depletion radius, r
id, identified at the location of maximum infall velocity, separates a growing halo from the draining environment, while the turnaround radius, r
ta, marks the outermost edge of infalling material toward the halo, both of which are located well outside the virial radius. Using the motions of nearby dwarf galaxies within 3 Mpc, we obtain a marginal detection of the infall zone around the MW with a maximum velocity of

v

inf
,
max

=
−

46

−
39

+
24

km

s

−
1

. This enables us to measure r
id = 559 ± 107 kpc and r
ta = 839 ± 121 kpc. The measured depletion radius is about 1.5 times the MW virial radius (R
200m) measured from internal dynamics. Compared with halos in the cosmological simulation Illustris TNG100, the factor 1.5 is consistent with that of halos with similar masses and dynamical environments to the MW but slightly smaller than typical values of Local Group analogs, potentially indicating the unique evolution history of the MW. These measurements of halo edges directly quantify the ongoing evolution of the MW outer halo and provide constraints on the current dynamical state of the MW that are independent from internal dynamics.
Les marchands ruraux et la commercialisation des campagnes dans l’Europe du XVIII e siècle
Authors: Villain Julien
Published: July 2021

L’objet de cette recherche est d’estimer l’ampleur de la participation des habitants des campagnes de l’Europe du xviii e  siècle aux relations de marché, en prenant la présence de marchands dans les villages comme indicateur du degré de « commercialisation » des économies. Le travail s’appuie sur le cas de la Lorraine centrale et méridionale, région relativement riche et développée à la veille de la Révolution. Le nombre de commerçants ruraux (exportateurs de productions locales ou d’importateurs de biens diffusés localement) y était élevé. Loin d’être seulement des colporteurs, ces marchands tenaient souvent boutique, quitte à coupler leurs activités avec d’autres – principalement l’agriculture, mais assez fréquemment l’artisanat. La vigueur de l’économie d’échanges rurale en Lorraine était réelle, sans toutefois atteindre celle des zones économiquement les plus dynamiques du continent comme les Provinces-Unies ou l’Angleterre méridionale.
« Vous ne pouvez pas comprendre ! Vous ne l’avez pas vécu ! »
Authors: Charrier Sandrine
Published: July 2021

S’identifier à l’autre c’est se reconnaître soi-même. Cela revient à prendre et à analyser ce que vit l’autre à travers soi. Se mettre à la place de l’autre. Glisser dans l’identification peut donner l’illusion de rejoindre l’autre au plus près de sa souffrance et ainsi lui assurer un soutien sans faille. Pris dans l’enjeu de vouloir consoler, il y a, là, le mirage de ne pas le laisser seul et vulnérable dans sa tristesse.
Bouleversements des soignants confrontés à la Covid-19 en Ehpad
Authors: Baronnier Marion , Arnold Cindy
Published: July 2021

Sollicitées en tant qu’équipe mobile par les soignants de plusieurs établissements d’hébergement, nous avons recueilli leurs témoignages entre mai et décembre 2020. Nous avons laissé circuler la parole librement et avons été submergées, nous aussi, par une vague, mais une vague de paroles. Tant de mots, forts, choquants, à connotation tragique.
Modélisation d’un nouveau procédé d’enquête. « La temporalité de la réception » : l’itinéraire d’un déplacement noétique
Authors: Mouchtouris Antigone
Published: July 2021

Dans cet article est développée une nouvelle façon d’enquêter sur le terrain ; il s’agit d’un modèle d’enquête qui se présente comme un procédé afin de comprendre les interactions produites entre l’individu social et son environnement. À travers le cas paradigmatique entre un visiteur et une exposition dans un musée a été proposé un axe de recherche original. En considérant tout d’abord que cette expérience s’inscrit dans un itinéraire, qu’à travers cette dimension physique et mentale, les apports d’une visite muséale sont reconsidérés. Grâce à cette approche, nous avons pu observer la construction de la temporalité de la réception. Ce modèle d’enquête peut être appliqué pour d’autres situations et événements marquants ; d’autant plus s’il est à même de provoquer, au niveau mental, un déplacement noétique
“The Book is Still the Highest Delight”: Emerson, Interaction, and Pleasure
Authors: Gardes Yves
Published: July 2021

Via l’étude d’une sélection de passages de l’œuvre d’Emerson, cet article interroge la notion de plaisir dans le contexte de différents types d’interaction. Il explore ainsi les tensions entre les plaisirs physiques et intellectuels, et les plaisirs hauts et bas, chez Emerson, et s’intéresse aux rapports que le Sage de Concord entretient avec diverses expériences du plaisir. En effet, Emerson hiérarchise certaines formes de plaisir, et oscille volontiers entre plaisirs physiques et intellectuels, afin de soutenir une quête idéaliste du plaisir pur. Ainsi, il tente inlassablement d’intellectualiser des manifestations du plaisir qui s’originent, paradoxalement, dans des formes spécifiques d’interaction – le souvenir, l’amitié et la lecture. Ces formes d’interaction, une fois établies et soutenues, sont vouées à être dépassées, afin de permettre au sujet mémoratif, à l’ami lointain, ou au lecteur contemporain, d’en tirer un bénéfice personnel sur le chemin de la confiance en soi.
Marginal Pleasures and the Curve of Indifference: The Value of Pleasure in Late Henry James
Authors: Gilbert Geoff
Published: July 2021

Cet article établit une corrélation entre, d’une part, l’obscurité et le statut professionnel des derniers écrits de Henry James et, d’autre part, l’essor hégémonique de l’économie marginaliste. L’un comme l’autre fondent leurs descriptions de la réalité et de la valeur sur l’expérience subjective individuelle, mais développent des méthodes abstraites pour en rendre compte. Dans ce processus, le théâtre du plaisir et de la douleur se trouve déplacé. Ainsi, rendre compte de la domination croissante du marginalisme et de l’utilisation émergente du calcul différentiel dans le cadre de la spécialisation de l’économie – la façon dont l’économie devient la science de l’économie plutôt que l’étude de la vie – éclaire le raffinement et la spécialisation de la forme romanesque – à tel point peut-être que le roman prend pour sujet la littérature plutôt que l’étude de la vie – dans l’œuvre tardive de James. À travers sa lecture du roman inachevé de James, The Ivory Tower, cet article se demande si lire James au prisme de l’économie conforte ou ébranle les lectures queer qui assertent un plaisir textuel transformateur chez James. À cette fin, il se concentre sur les formes arrondies – courbes d’objets coûteux et corps arrondis en quête de plaisir – et la manière dont la prose évasive de James se rapproche, dans un mouvement d’abstraction, de ces lignes courbes de beauté et de plaisir.
Between the Need to “revolt” and The Need to “belong”: Yank and the “damned capitalist clarss” in Eugene O’Neill’s The Hairy Ape
Authors: Nejib Hizi Mohamed
Published: July 2021

Parlant de The Hairy Ape (Le Singe Velu) (1921), le dramaturge américain Eugene O’Neill déclarait que la pièce ne portait pas « superficiellement sur les conditions de travail […] mais sur l’Homme, sur l’état de vaine perplexité qui nous implique tous. » Malgré cette direction tenue dans une certaine mesure dans le drame, la pièce est incontestablement basée sur la lutte des classes. D’une part, les sentiments socialistes et anarchistes du dramaturge sont maintenus tout au long de la pièce, dans son identification avec les conditions de travail des marins, et dans les caricatures faites des membres de la bourgeoisie. D’autre part, la veine socialiste est dépassée par des spéculations de nature humaniste, psychologique et nihiliste dans le traitement des ouvriers, notamment le protagoniste Yank, et ce en un discours qui masque le débat socialiste. En s’appuyant sur une lecture néo-historiciste, cet article propose en premier lieu de localiser les zones d’autonomisation offertes aux ouvriers, et en second lieu, d’investiguer les structures de pouvoir informant la représentation des classes ouvrières et moyennes. Seront ainsi dévoilés les projets idéologiques, historiques et culturels du discours psychologique (du Modernisme) que le dramaturge ne cesse d’inscrire dans la pièce, ainsi que les complicités établies avec les discours socialistes et anarchistes de l’époque.