bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the need to change the basic territorial division of the state – around the concept of a metropolis
Authors: Augustyniak Monika
Published: September 2024

Following the revival of the institution of local self-government, a new basic territorial division of the state was introduced by the Act of 24 July 1998, which includes: communes, districts and voivodeships. This division, has been the subject of numerous discussions between representatives of doctrine and practitioners, local government officials. The subject of the article is a reflection on the basic territorial division of the state in the light of the institution of the metropolitan association and its possible modification. The discussion on the directions of changes to the legal status of the Polish metropolitan association is a key factor in the changes to the three-tier fundamental territorial division of the state. It also touches on the issue of the possible process of abolishing poviats and introducing the categorisation of communes.
Procedure of getting topicality of acts of spatial developments
Authors: Błażewski Maciej
Published: September 2024

The aim of procedure of getting topicality of local spatial development plans is adapting these acts to changes of the law and changes in socio-economic conditions. This procedure is accurate to the scope of planning sovereignty. The discretion of the commune authorities concerns the neediness of getting topicality and define of the scope and content of this topicality.
Notification of the disciplinary ombudsman for teachers under art. 75. sec. 2 Teacher Cards
Authors: Pierzchała Ewa , Pierzchała Jacek
Published: September 2024

In this publication, most of the considerations are devoted to the premises that make it necessary to take legal action by the school headmaster and discuss formal and legal actions related to notifying the disciplinary spokesperson of an act violating the rights and welfare of a child. The article basically consists of two parts. The first one discusses the material grounds for notifying the disciplinary officer. In turn, the second part deals with the formal and legal requirements of the notification. The publication also thoroughly analyzes the role of the director as a body that initiates explanatory proceedings before the disciplinary ombudsman. Therefore, considerations of the doctrine of administrative, constitutional and criminal law are presented. In addition, several key judgments of the Constitutional Tribunal and administrative courts are included.
Constitutional crisis and social transition
Authors: Minich Dobrochna
Published: September 2024

The subject of this article is constitutional crisis. It accompanies social changes and transition. These problems are analyzed from the point of view of the transformations of the law and the political system. The stages of development of law presented by Philippe Nonet and Philip Selznick (repressive, autonomous, responsive law) constitute the basis for discussing the transformations of 1989 and subsequent political changes in the Republic of Poland. Since modern times, constitutional acts have determined the entire social and legal order of the state. They codify all changes that are both evolutionary and revolutionary. When discussing the problem of the constitutional crisis, reference was made to the concept of J.M. Balkin and S. Levinson. Using the example of the socio-political situation of the United States of America, the phenomenon of constitutional crisis and the stage preceding it called "constitutional rot" were discussed. The American exemplification is the starting point for the analysis of the ongoing transition in the Republic of Poland.
Unravelling Second-Order Concepts in South African History Textbooks
Authors: Bharath P
Published: September 2024

This paper explores the progression of second-order concepts in seven purposively sampled South African CAPS-compliant history textbooks. History knowledge encompasses both the substantive and procedural knowledge types, with second-order concepts forming an integral component of the latter. Textbook writers and educators use this knowledge in their domains without a predetermined trajectory. These concepts are not mere skills but fundamental notions guiding historical practice. Their meaningful integration into learning materials forms a necessary toolkit for historical inquiry. Drawing from a broader PhD study,1 a Bernsteinian (1990) framework and the 'big six' concepts articulated by Seixas and Peck (2004) are used to analyse the content of seven chapters, one per book, telling the story of the history of South Africa across grades three to nine in the foundation, intermediate, and senior phases of the South African school curriculum. A continuum was populated, articulating the strengths of the second-order concepts ranging from a powerful presence to those weakly incorporated. The findings indicate a sporadic presence of the six concepts-historical significance, continuity and change, cause and consequence, historical perspectives, and the moral dimension across the textbooks. There is a more inclusive focus in the senior grades and less so in lower grades. The concepts also lack continuous and cumulative development. If these 'structural' historical concepts provide the basis for historical thinking, it is unclear how they advance through the grades with increasing levels of complexity. The methodology of history is thus not a universal or one-size-fits-all endeavour but an iterative process inculcating concepts that are nuanced and inherently abstract.
Nanopore Sequencing of poliovirus isolates v2
Authors: Troman Catherine , Bujaki Erika , Akello Joyce , Fitz Shannon , Shaw Alex , Martin Javier , Grassly Nick
Published: September 2024

This protocol is adapted from "Direct Detection of poliovirus and Nanopore Sequencing (DDNS) - Stool" to make it suitable for use with cell culture isolates in either a liquid form or that have been transported to the lab via FTA card. The protocol aims to amplify the VP1 region of poliovirus through a single PCR using the Q8/Y7 primer set. We use barcoded primers as this greatly simplifies the subsequent library preparation process. Primer sequences for the barcoded Q8/Y7 primers are found in Dataset S1 of Shaw et al (2020). This protocol is for use with Oxford Nanopore v14 chemistry sequencing reagents and can be used with the MinION Mk1B or GridION sequencer. Within the protocol, quality control steps are included which when followed ensures the validity of your results and provides easier troubleshooting when needed.
Akoya Phenocycler-Fusion Tissue Staining and Imaging Protocol for Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Samples adapted from Indiana University v1
Authors: Enninful Archibald , not provided negin.farzad , not provided yao.lu.yl , Fan Rong
Published: September 2024

This protocol presents the Yale University TMC Akoya Phenocycler-Fusion Tissue Staining & Imaging Protocol for Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Human Lymph Node Samples. This protocol was adapted from Indiana University adapted Akoya Phenocycler-Fusion Tissue Staining and Imaging Protocol for Fresh Frozen Kidney Samples. This protocol has been used for FFPE human lymph node samples for the Cellular Senescence Network (SenNet) Program and the Human BioMolecular Atlas Program consortia. The size of the marker panels has ranged between 35 to 47 targets and includes cell type markers for B cells, T cells, macrophages, and other immune cell types. that will label various cell types Multiple sections have been placed on a single slide and imaged simultaneously.
Research Progress of Microchannel Liquid Cooling Technology in the Application of Thermal Management of Prismatic Lithium Batteries (Withdrawn)
Authors:   School of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, Henan 450045, CHINA, Zeng Qinxiang
Published: September 2024

Lithium-ion batteries have significant advantages such as high energy density, long cycle life and low self-discharge rate. Therefore, they are ideal for energy storage in electric vehicles. However, lithium-ion batteries are very sensitive to temperature, which affects the battery's cycle life, efficiency, reliability and safety. During the charging and discharging process, a large amount of heat is generated inside the battery due to the electrochemical reaction and resistance, causing the battery temperature to rise. When the temperature gets too high, thermal runaway, electrolyte fire and explosions may occur. As battery energy density increases, the demand for efficient thermal management continues to increase, and a compact and efficient battery thermal management system is essential. This paper introduces the development status of different thermal management technologies, reviews the application of microchannel liquid-cooling technology in the thermal management of prismatic lithium batteries, discusses the current research direction and status of microchannel technology, and finally looks forward to the future research and development direction of microchannel technology.
Marka Nefreti: 2010-2023 Yıllarındaki WEBOS Makalelerinin R Programı ile Bibliyometrik Analizi
Authors: Özbilek Özcan
Published: September 2024

Marka nefreti olumsuz duygular içinde markalar için en zararlı olacak duygulardandır. Gelişen iletişim olanaklarıyla birlikte marka nefretinin kolayca ve hızlı biçimde yayılabilmesi için şirketler bir kabusu yaşamak gibi bir duruma sebep olabilir. Bu çalışmada, 2010-2023 yılları arasında marka nefretini ele alan çalışmaları bibliyometrik analiz tekniği ile Web of Science (WebOS) veri tabanında yer alan makalelerin incelenmesinden oluşmaktadır. Bu amaçla R tabanlı Bibliyometrik analiz yazılımı ile çalışmalar, başlıkları, yazarlar, ülkeler, anahtar kelimeler ve diğer farklı parametreler üzerinden analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yine bu çalışmaların yazarlar ve yazarların çalıştığı ülkeler, üniversiteler ve yayın yaptıkları dergiler ve yazarların birbirleriyle kurdukları ağ ve iş birlikleri de analize dahil edilmiştir. 2010-2023 yılları arasında özellikle marka nefreti konusunda yapılan çalışmaların ve yayınlardaki artış literatürde bu konuya verilen önemin giderek arttığını görmekteyiz. Çıkan sonuçlardan birisi de bu konuda ilk başlarda marka nefretinin ne olduğunu anlamaya yönelik (öncül-sonuçlarla ilgili) çalışmalar yerini artık marka nefretinin tüketicideki yerini daha çok anlamlandırmaya ve diğer pazarlama konularıyla ilişkilerini incelemeye yönelmiştir. Bu çalışma ile marka nefreti ile ilgili araştırma yapacaklara verilerin analizinden elde edilen bilgilerle yeni fikirlere yol açabilecektir.
Machine Learning-Assisted Wearable Thermo-Haptic Device for Creating Tactile Sensation
Authors: Boz Mine , Durgun Yeliz
Published: September 2024

The tactile modality is an important source of human experience and emotional expression, either on its own or by intensifying and complementing other senses, influencing our interactions with objects, people, animals and other beings. Following this, developed haptic devices transmit information to the user using tactile stimuli to increase or change sensory input. Haptics are an important factor that makes virtual worlds and remote interpersonal interaction tangible. Haptic feedback consists of more components that make an experience physically perceptible and realistic. Haptic feedbacks are widely used in mobile and wearable devices to convey various types of notifications to users. In this study, it was aimed to develop a new generation of wearable gloves against the hypoesthesia problem by combining artificial intelligence and thermohaptic, which are popular in many fields.
Investigation of the Effects of Kombucha Mushroom on Mycelium Growth of Agaricus bisporus Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Kutluer Fatih , Güngüneş Ramazan
Published: September 2024

The effects of Kombu mushroom extract on Agaricus bisporus mycelia development were the subject of this study. To prepare kombu mushroom extract; 60 g of sugar and black tea were added to 1 liter of water and fermentation of Kombu mushroom was achieved in this environment. The obtained extract was added to the potato dextrose agar medium at 0, 50, 75, 100cc. Mycelial agar discs of Agaricus bisporus with prepared agar were inoculated, developed at 23°C for 10 days, and mycelial development was examined. At the end of the incubation period, it was observed that mycelial development in the groups to which Kombucha mushroom extract was added was much better than the control group.
Moleculer Docking and Theoretical Analysis of the (E)-5-((Z)-4-methylbenzylidene)-2-(((E)-4-methylbenzylidene)hydrazineylidene)-3-phenylthiazolidin-4-one Molecule
Authors: Gören Kenan , Çimen Efdal , Tahiroğlu Veysel , Yıldıko Ümit
Published: September 2024

Theoretically ideal molecular structure of (E)-5-((Z)-4-methylbenzylidene)-2-(((E)-4-methylbenzylidene)hydrazineylidene)-3-phenylthiazolidin-4-one (1) Gaussian 09 software program was researched using. The theoretically ideal chemical structure of molecule (1) has been examined. The 6-311G basis of DFT(B3LYP) approaches and the 6-311G basis of DFT(B3PW91) approaches were used to perform quantum chemical calculations. To find out how the molecule transfers charge, LUMO and HOMO analyses were done. The stability of the molecule was investigated as a function of charge dispersion and hyperconjugative interaction using NBO analysis. MEP was reported to be performed using a DFT technique. Molecular docking studies were performed using enzyme codes PDB: 5FGK and PDB: 5HBE to determine the binding affinity and possible fundamental interaction betwith the inhibitors and the target enzyme. Finally, in our study, ADME analysis of Molecule (1) was performed and many parameters were examined using virtual screening methods on small molecules, Molecular characteristics, cell permeability, HIA drug solubility S, medicament paralely point and polar surface area PSA are among them.
Printable Hollow Concrete Beams by 3D Concrete Printer
Authors: Hansu Osman , Akkoyun Furkan Boran , Tayşi Nildem
Published: September 2024

3D printers are constantly developing and have a wide range of uses. Today, it is actively used in many fields, from the production of implants and prostheses to the production of jewelry. This technology, which is widely used in civil engineering in areas such as building element production, sustainability, and building construction offers several advantages over conventional concrete pouring and processing methods. Decreasing material waste, decreasing labor costs, freedom and originality in design, and saving time are among these advantages. In this context, 3DCP compared to traditional methods, it reduces the use of materials and makes the construction process more efficient since it is designed with different internal patterns and spaces. This study focuses on the printing process of hollow concrete beam designs in 3 different patterns with 2 different mixtures. Crushing between the layers of beams printed with 3D concrete printing, layer height, and printability and fresh state tests of the mixtures were examined.
A Nonstandard Finite Difference Scheme for a Mathematical Model Presenting the Climate Change on the Oxygen-plankton System
Authors: Al Jammali Zahraa , Turhan Çetinkaya İlkem
Published: September 2024

This paper presents a mathematical model describing climate change in the oxygen-plankton system. The model consists of a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations. The Nonstandard Finite Difference (NSFD) method is applied to discretize the non-linear system. The stability of the continuous and discrete model is presented for the given parameters in the literature. The compatibility of the results has been seen. Moreover, the model is solved by both the NSFD method and the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg (RKF45) method. The numerical results are compared. Furthermore, the efficiency of the NSFD method compared to classical methods such as the Euler method and the fourth order Runge-Kutta (RK4) method for the bigger step size is shown in tabular form.
Prospects for Improving the International Legal Framework for Collective Food Security along the Implementation of the Concept of Sustainable Development
Authors: Vechernin D. S.
Published: September 2024

The paper analyzes international legal documents in the field of sustainable development in order to identify problems of legal regulation of collective food security and prepare proposals for its improvement. The author comes to the following conclusions. 1. International legal documents do not contain a universal regulatory definition of the concepts of «collective food security» and «sustainable development». At the global level, the currently existing definitions are part of acts that are commonly attributed to the norms of «soft» law. 2. At the level of regional international organizations, there is a reverse trend of normative consolidation of the concept of «food security», principles and approaches to achieve it on a collective basis in the context of the concept of sustainable development. 3. Unsatisfactory interim results in parts of eliminating hunger and achieving food security (SDG 2) at the global level are caused by imperfect legal regulation and an insufficiently effective international system for monitoring the achievement of the set goals. The author proposes legal measures to achieve the sustainable development goals more effectively. In particular, the need to prepare a draft international treaty on the implementation of the sustainable development goals until 2045 is justified. When preparing international legal documents in the field of sustainable development, it is recommended to take into account the provisions of acts of regional international organizations of a strategic nature, including those affecting food securities. Taking into account the successful provision it is proposed to improve the mechanism for global monitoring of the achievement of SDG 2 at the regional level by concluding framework conventions at the level of regional international organizations.
Digital Law in the Russian Legal System
Authors: Zaytsev O. V.
Published: September 2024

The transformation of public relations, taking place under the influence of the widespread introduction of digital technologies, required the formation of a new legal framework, which tends to constantly expand. In this regard, the possibility of distinguishing digital law as an independent branch is widely discussed in science, although the very possibility of using the combination of «digital law» is sometimes questioned. As an alternative to this combination, the categories of «Internet law», cyber law, etc. are periodically used. Based on an analysis of existing scientific points of view, as well as an assessment of the specifics of relations arising from the implementation of digital rights and the use of digital technologies, the author concludes that there is the possibility and expediency to divide digital law into sections. This is due to due to the specifics of the relations that make up its subject, characterized by the special subject construction, the scope of their practical implementation, the principles of building these relations. This in turn determines the peculiarities of the method of their regulation, characterized by a combination of imperative and dispositive approaches, legislative regulation while maintaining a significant role of self-regulation. At the same time, it must be recognized that building a coherent system of digital law is to some extent hindered by the process of permanent transformation of relations arising in this area.
Franco Antonelli and Siro Silvestri
Authors: Zito Carla
Published: September 2024

The objective of this paper is to investigate the peculiar and innovative features of the design activity of architect Franco Antonelli in the Umbrian territory during the period 1955-75. As an architect, Antonelli possessed a sophisticated, innovative, and experimental personality, positively influenced by his enduring collaboration with Bishop Siro Silvestri. Several factors contributed to creating a productive and innovative partnership between them, which lasted nearly 15 years. Silvestri was a Conciliar father who believed in the radical renovation that the Liturgical Constitution could bring. Antonelli, instead, was a Catholic intellectual supporting the new relationship between liturgy and sacred space. The case study of the diocese of Foligno appears as an illuminating land of experimentation. By examining the realized parish centers, this paper reveals a novel Italian context in which the decision-making process was shaped by liturgical pastoral care and urban procedures, combined with innovative architectural practices.
The House of One
Authors: Naumann Anna
Published: September 2024

This paper explores the potential of the client-architect relationship to be part of a design methodology conducive to conceiving sacred space as collaborative, dialogical practice. The case study for this investigation is the multi-confessional project ‘House of One’ by Kuehn Malvezzi, currently on site in Berlin, Germany. The client for this project is not one cleric or religious community but a foundation initiated by a local Protestant, Jewish and Muslim congregation. The fact that the client is not one homogenous entity has shaped the conception of the project and consequently the building’s final appearance: all design decisions have been taken conjointly by the three clerics. In this project, the correlation between theological considerations and material realisation has been recognised as a reciprocal two-way process: theological doctrines are materialised through constructed space – equally, architectural questions can act as a catalyst for theological debate between the three clerics and their respective communities.
АНАЛИЗ И ОЦЕНКА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ В СТРОИТЕЛЬНОМ КОМПЛЕКСЕ РФ
Authors: В.А. Басалаев
Published: September 2024

В статье рассматриваются содержание и особенности экономической политики в строительном комплексе Российской Федерации. Анализируются основные проблемы развития строительной сферы, методы и инструменты экономической политики, направленные на их решение. Проведена оценка эффективности экономической политики в строительстве, выявлены ключевые направления ее повышения.

The article examines the content and features of economic policy in the construction complex of the Russian Federation, analyzes the main problems of the development of the construction sector, methods and tools of economic policy aimed at solving them. An assessment of the effectiveness of economic policy in construction has been carried out, and key areas for its improvement have been identified.
THÍCH NGHI THANG ĐO NẠN NHÂN BẮT NẠT TRỰC TUYẾN DÀNH CHO TRẺ VỊ THÀNH NIÊN
Authors: Quỳnh Hồ Thị Trúc , Hoa Nguyễn Thị
Published: September 2024

The study aimed to adapt the cyberbullying victimization scale for adolescents. The research sample included 102 students in Binh Duong province. Research results showed that the cyberbullying victimization scale for adolescents includes eight items (a single factor) with good Cronbach’s alpha reliability and construct validity (χ2/df = 1,440; CFI = 0,975; GFI = 0,936; RMSEA = 0,066 và PCLOSE = 0,290). This study determined that 58.8% of students were victims of cyberbullying. This study contributed to enriching measurement tools for cyberbullying in Vietnam.
THỰC TRẠNG LO ÂU THỐNG KÊ Ở SINH VIÊN
Authors: Linh Nguyễn Thị Mỹ , Chi Nghiêm Kim , Thu Trần Thị Lệ , An Nguyễn Lê Quế
Published: September 2024

The present study was conducted to investigate statistics anxiety, the relation between attitude towards statistics, exposure to statistics, and signs of statistics anxiety among undergraduate students. A survey and quantitative analysis were conducted, which were proven acceptable and reliable. The results of the study in a sample of students majoring in social sciences and humanities, education sciences, and other majors (N = 186; MAge = 19.66; 86% female) did not show a difference in signs of students’ experience with statistics. The results also indicated negative attitude towards statistics is correlated with a display of statistics anxiety signs among students. Variance analyses showed that there is no statistically significant difference in terms of exposure to statistics, attitude towards statistics, and statistics anxiety among student groups with different demographic characteristics. Implications for future studies on statistics anxiety will also be addressed
KHÓ KHĂN TRONG HOẠT ĐỘNG SƯ PHẠM CỦA GIÁO VIÊN TRUNG HỌC CƠ SỞ CÁC TỈNH TRUNG DU VÀ MIỀN NÚI PHÍA BẮC
Authors: Huệ Hà Thanh
Published: September 2024

The study aims to provide an understanding of the difficulties and difficulties in the pedagogical activities of middle school teachers by presenting the results of a survey of difficulties in the pedagogical activities of middle school teachers (secondary school) of the Northern Midlands and Mountainous provinces. The research used the main method of questionnaire survey from 409 subjects combined with several other methods (interviews, conversations, observations) to survey 15 manifestations of difficulties divided into four groups: Difficulties in implementing component activities of pedagogical activities; Difficulties coming from teachers themselves meeting the requirements of pedagogical activities; Difficulties related to the conditions for carrying out pedagogical activities; Difficulty in implementing the requirements of management levels and the demands of society. The results show that teachers have the most difficulties related to group 3, difficulties related to the conditions for performing pedagogical activities (average score 4.01), teachers with the least difficulties belong to group 2, the difficulty comes from teachers themselves meeting the requirements of pedagogical activities (average score 3.37). From those results, the study analyzes, evaluates, and explains the causes of the obtained results to help readers gain insight into the research problem
THIẾT KẾ DỰ ÁN HỌC TẬP TRONG DẠY HỌC CHỦ ĐỀ “SINH HỌC VI SINH VẬT” MÔN SINH HỌC 10 NHẰM PHÁT TRIỂN NĂNG LỰC TỰ HỌC CHO HỌC SINH
Authors: Văn Dũng Hà
Published: September 2024

Knowledge changes every day and increases very rapidly, making high school curricula and textbooks unable to update and transmit knowledge to students promptly even when it is continuously innovative. In that situation, developing self-study capacity for students so that they can continuously supplement their knowledge and conduct lifelong self-study is an urgent requirement today. The study used theoretical research methods to review documents, thereby clarifying some concepts such as self-study capacity, project-based teaching, the structure of self-study capacity, and the role of project-based teaching in developing students' self-study capacity, propose the process of designing a learning project in teaching the topic “Microbial Biology” (Biology 10) to develop self-study capacity for students, and at the same time give an illustrative example for the process with learning project “Learning about products of fermentation technology” (Connecting knowledge to life - General education program 2018). The research results provide Biology teachers with important materials for designing lesson plans incorporating local practice to meet the requirements of the 2018 General Education Program.
Goatweed Flower Extract (Ageratum conyzoides L.) as A Botanical Insecticide for Pest Control Crocidolomia binotalis Z.
Authors: Nurhidayat Setia Permana , Rusdi Nurul , Ulinuhayani Muhammad , Singgih Bambang , Triono Budi
Published: September 2024

Crocidolomia binotalis Z. is an important cabbage plant pest in Indonesia. Nevertheless, pest control strategies depend on synthetic pesticides, negatively impacting ecosystems.Therefore, developing an effective organic pesticide approach to controlling C. binotalis is necessary. This research aimed to test the effectiveness of goatweed flower extract (Ageratum conyzoides L.) in controlling pest C. binotalis. The research consisted of two sets of experiments with two methods: the stomach and contact poison. Each experimental set was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The treatments were six levels of extract concentration at 0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, 60%, and 75%. The results showed that the application of A. conyzoides flower extract using the stomach and contact poison methods significantly increased the percentage of larval mortality 24 hours after application (haa) and the percentage of total larval mortality. The flower extract treatment of A. conyzoides significantly reduced the percentage of leaf area eaten, increased larval mortality, inhibited pupation and imago emergency, and shortened the larval stage's duration. The percentage of larval mortality through contact poison was higher than stomach poison.
Estimating SPAD, Nitrogen Concentration, and Chlorophyll Content in Rice Leaves using Calibrated Smartphone Digital Image
Authors: Kautsar Valensi , Faizah Kuni , Uktoro Arief Ika , Khasanah Lutfiatun , Filiphus Filiphus
Published: September 2024

Laboratory analysis is commonly used to determine nitrogen and chlorophyll content. However, smartphones can serve as rapid, mobile, and non-destructive tools for this purpose. An equation can be created to calculate nitrogen and chlorophyll content by analyzing color parameters from digital images of rice leaves. An examination was performed on 86 rice leaf samples from the maximum tillering and mature stages. Rice leaf photos were taken with a smartphone in natural outdoor lighting. Color calibration with Spydercheckr was needed to adjust for lighting conditions. Uncalibrated and calibrated image data were analyzed to determine RGB values converted into CIELAB color space. The L*, a*, and b* values had a significant correlation with SPAD parameters, nitrogen concentration, chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll content. This connection was higher after image calibration. The study found that smartphone images could predict SPAD values with 87.9% to 92.3% precision, depending on color space. Using a smartphone digital picture of L* and a* values, N content could be estimated with 84.7% and 81.9% accuracy. Average accuracy for chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll content was 65% to 76%. This study shows smartphone images can estimate rice leaf SPAD and nitrogen content.
Abundance, Attack Intensity, and Distribution of Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith in Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta
Authors: Putra Ichsan Luqmana Indra , Saputra Wahyu Hana , Hanafi Yahya
Published: September 2024

Spodoptera frugiperda is an invasive corn pest from America and has entered Indonesia, including Kulon Progo. However, the abundance, attack intensity, and distribution of S. frugiperda have never been reported from Kulon Progo. This study aimed to analyze the abundance, attack intensity, and distribution of S. frugiperda larvae in Kulon Progo. This research was conducted from January to March 2023. Sampling locations were determined using the purposive sampling method. The egg packages and larvae of S. frugiperda found were counted to determine the abundance of S. frugiperda. The intensity of S. frugiperda infestation was calculated using the letter W scouting method. The results showed that 24 S. frugiperda egg packages were obtained in Kulon Progo, and the abundance of S. frugiperda was 0.01 individuals per plant. The attack intensity of S. frugiperda in Kulon Progo reached 4.97%, with the highest attack intensity in Nanggulan (8%) and the lowest in Wates (1.5%). The larvae of S. frugiperda are distributed in four sub-districts in Kulon Progo. This study concluded that the attack intensity of S. frugiperda in Kulon Progo was included in the mild category.
Retroperitoneal lymphangioma in a tertiary care hospital of North India
Authors: Baig Saif M. , Ali Wasif M. , Ali Imad , Khan Roobina
Published: September 2024

Less than 200 cases of retroperitoneal lymphangiomas (RL), a rare type of benign cystic tumour of the lymphatic system that makes about 1% of all lymphangiomas, have been documented to date. Their rarity makes preoperative diagnosis challenging. 95% of lymphangiomas are found in the head, neck, and axilla where they are most frequently found. We are presenting a 30 years old woman, who presented to outpatient department (OPD) of general surgery with symptoms of recurrent left lumbar pain, radiating towards inguinal region for one month. The contrast computed tomography (CT) scan of abdomen and pelvis defined a large thin walled homogenous non enhancing hypodense cystic lesion in left side of abdomen in retroperitoneal location from left lobe of liver till pelvis on left side craniocaudally. The patient was planned for exploratory laparotomy. Midline laparotomy was performed. A cystic lymph-filled tumour was detected in the abdominal cavity adjacent to the bowel loops. Histologically the mass contained variable-sized cystic spaces lined by flattened endothelium consistent with lymphatic vessels, which on immunostaining were positive for CD31 and negative for Pan CK. The patient was discharged satisfactorily. In conclusion, retroperitoneal lymphangioma presents vaguely as abdominal pain or mass and grown to large sizes without causing any significant symptom. Tumour markers for the excised tissue are important for diagnosis. Laparotomy or laparoscopy are the two surgical excision methods used to treat retroperitoneal cystic lymphangioma and it responds well to excision.
Comparative analysis of different filling materials in deciduous teeth
Authors: Barnwai Hafsah O. , Alkhowaiter Sawssan S. , Alduhiman Salma H. , Almarri Felwah A. , Alforehi Saja S. , Alotaibi Lana G. , Alshehri Rayan A. , Althebaiti Saja , Alyahya Faisal M. , Baeti Bassmah A. , Al-Resayes Soundous S.
Published: September 2024

Dental caries in pediatric patients presents a significant challenge in maintaining oral health, making the choice of filling materials for deciduous teeth crucial for long-term success. Various restorative materials, including composite resins, glass ionomer cements (GICs), and resin-modified glass ionomers (RMGICs), have been used, each with distinct properties regarding durability, biocompatibility, and aesthetic outcomes. Composite resins are well-regarded for their ability to closely match the natural color of teeth, making them ideal for anterior restorations. However, they are technique-sensitive and may not provide sufficient durability in posterior regions subjected to high stress. Glass ionomer cements, known for their ease of placement and fluoride release, offer functional benefits in high-caries-risk patients, despite their lower aesthetic quality and susceptibility to wear over time. Resin-modified glass ionomers attempt to combine the strengths of both composites and GICs by improving durability and aesthetics while maintaining the fluoride-releasing property. The safety and biocompatibility of these materials also play a pivotal role in pediatric dentistry. While composite resins may release small amounts of bisphenol A (BPA), which has raised concerns about its potential health risks, GICs and RMGICs are generally considered safer due to their simpler chemical composition and fluoride release. In terms of functional longevity, composite resins offer better wear resistance compared to GICs, though resin-modified glass ionomers provide a compromise with improved strength and ease of use. Ultimately, the choice of restorative material should consider the specific clinical circumstances, including the child’s caries risk, tooth location, and the balance between aesthetic and functional needs. No single material is universally ideal for all cases, and a tailored approach is necessary to optimize outcomes in pediatric dental restorations.
Chondroblastoma of the femoral head-surgical management, outcomes and clinical perspectives: a case report
Authors: Bhatti Viveksheel , Mourougayan Nithin Venkat , Harshvardhan J. K. Giriraj
Published: September 2024

Chondroblastoma is a rare benign tumor predominantly affecting the epiphyses of long bones, often presenting in the second decade of life. It is known for its potential to recur and cause joint complications despite its benign histology. This report details the case of a 12-year-old boy diagnosed with chondroblastoma of the femoral head, who underwent surgical treatment involving curettage and the use of synthetic hydroxyapatite (HA) bone substitutes. The patient presented with groin pain and limping, with imaging studies revealing an osteolytic lesion in the femoral head. A core needle biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. To manage the lesion, an anterolateral approach was used to perform extensive curettage, and the defect was filled with HA blocks. Postoperatively, the patient was managed with gradual weight-bearing and regular follow-ups. At five years, the patient exhibited normal hip function with no evidence of tumor recurrence, collapse of the femoral head, or osteoarthritis. This case demonstrates that the use of synthetic HA as a bone substitute in the treatment of chondroblastoma can effectively preserve joint integrity and function, providing a viable alternative to traditional grafting methods. The approach was successful in maintaining articular congruence and preventing complications, highlighting the potential benefits of synthetic materials in managing subchondral bone lesions.
Classification of benign and malignant solid breast lesions on the ultrasound images based on the textural features: the importance of the perifocal lesion area
Authors:   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation, Kolchev А.А. , Pasynkov D.V. ,   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation,   Mari State University, Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation,   Kazan State Medical Academy - Branch Campus of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education «Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education», Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Egoshin I.A. ,   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation,   Mari State University, Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation, Kliouchkin I.V. ,   Kazan Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Pasynkova О.О. ,   Mari State University, Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation
Published: September 2024

The amount of ultrasound (US) breast exams continues to grow because of the wider endorsement of breast cancer screening programs. When a solid lesion is found during the US the primary task is to decide if it requires a biopsy. Therefore, our goal was to develop a noninvasive US grayscale image analysis for benign and malignant solid breast lesion differentiation. We used a dataset consisting of 105 ultrasound images with 50 benign and 55 malignant non-cystic lesions. Features were extracted from the source image, the image of the gradient module after applying the Sobel filter, and the image after the Laplace filter. Subsequently, eight gray-level co-occurrence matrices (GLCM) were constructed for each lesion, and 13 Haralick textural features were calculated for each GLCM. Additionally, we computed the differences in feature values at different spatial shifts and the differences in feature values between the inner and outer areas of the lesion. The LASSO method was employed to determine the most significant features for classification. Finally, the lesion classification was carried out by various methods. The use of LASSO regression for feature selection enabled us to identify the most significant features for classification. Out of the 13 features selected by the LASSO method, four described the perilesional tissue, two represented the inner area of the lesion and five described the image of the gradient module. The final model achieved a sensitivity of 98%, specificity of 96%, and accuracy of 97%. Considering the perilesional area, Haralick feature differences, and the image of the gradient module can provide crucial parameters for accurate classification of US images. Features with a low AUC index (less than 0.6 in our case) can also be important for improving the quality of classification.
Numerical approach to compound quantum repeater scheme with coherent states
Authors:   ITMO University, Leading Research Center ", Vorontsova I.O. ,   National Center of Quantum Internet",   SMARTS-Quanttelecom LLC, Goncharov R.K. ,   ITMO University, Leading Research Center "National Center of Quantum Internet",   SMARTS-Quanttelecom LLC, Tupyakov D.V. ,   ITMO University, Leading Research Center "National Center of Quantum Internet", Kiselev F.D. ,   ITMO University, Leading Research Center "National Center of Quantum Internet",   SMARTS-Quanttelecom LLC, Egorov V.I. ,   ITMO University, Leading Research Center "National Center of Quantum Internet",   SMARTS-Quanttelecom LLC
Published: September 2024

A numerical model of a quantum repeater operating with Schrödinger cat states is constructed. The model describes the performance of such a system in the presence of decoherence effects, namely, noise in the quantum channel and the efficiency of the photon-number-resolving detector. In the framework of the numerical model, a theoretical analysis of the system functioning is carried out for the elementary link by calculating its performance characteristics. Namely, we calculate photodetector click probabilities and fidelity for various sets of decoherence parameters. These estimates are necessary in the context of further experimental research at the junction with other branches of quantum communications, so that to use the entanglement distribution when it comes to operating quantum teleportation and quantum key distribution protocols based on entanglement. The model will be developed further as a versatile drag-and-drop software simulating the full-fledged entanglement swapping protocol operation.
Automatic 4-mirrors system for alignment of high-power laser radiation
Authors:   Sadovsky Institute of Geosphere Dynamics RAS, Toporovsky V.V. ,   Moscow Polytechnic University, Alexandrov A.G. ,   Sadovsky Institute of Geosphere Dynamics RAS, Galaktionov I.V. ,   Sadovsky Institute of Geosphere Dynamics RAS, Rukosuev A.L. ,   Sadovsky Institute of Geosphere Dynamics RAS, Kudryashov A.V. ,   Sadovsky Institute of Geosphere Dynamics RAS,   Moscow Polytechnic University
Published: September 2024

This paper presents the automated system for minimizing the deviation of the path of passage and the divergence of a secondary radiation source with parameters similar to ones of the main beam of a high-power Ti:Sa laser using mirrors in kinematic mounts on the motorized stages. As an alignment laser, the diode laser with a fiber output was used with radiation characteristics coinciding with the parameters of the main beam (wavelength, beam diameter). The successive approximation algorithm was used to minimize the beam deflection. The positioning accuracy and beam size matching were analyzed on the near-field camera and were equaled to 28.6 µm along the X-axis and 26.4 µm along the Y-axis. Beam size mismatch was equaled to 0.151 mm. The pointing accuracy was analyzed on the far-field sensor and equaled 15.34 µrad along the X axis and 12.03 µrad along the Y axis. The curvature of the wavefront was 0.06 µm.
Overview of modern technologies for measuring, predicting and correcting turbulent distortions in optical waves
Authors:   V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS, Lukin V.P. , Lukin I.P. ,   V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS
Published: September 2024

This work is an analytical review of the components of modern technology for creating adaptive optics systems for correcting the distortion of optical waves propagating in a turbulent atmosphere. The work consists of the following parts: description of a technique for measuring fluctuations of optical waves in an atmospheric path, theoretical calculations of fluctuations by analytical analysis and mathematical modeling methods, technology for predicting turbulent air movement by the numerical solution of the Navier–Stokes equations and, finally, constructing adaptive optics systems that compensate for the turbulent distortions in optoelectronic image construction systems. Attention is focused on the peculiarities of fluctuations of specially created Laguerre–Gaussian and Bessel–Gaussian beams. Features of the propagation of vortex Laguerre–Gaussian and vortex Bessel–Gaussian beams for the transfer of orbital angular momentum through a turbulent medium are shown. Effects of the relative attenuation of phase and intensity fluctuations of the vortex-free Bessel–Gaussian beams in comparison with similar characteristics of the Gaussian beams are found. The integral scale of the coherence degree of the vortex Bessel–Gaussian beams and vortex conic waves is revealed to be highly sensitive to the influence of atmospheric turbulence, in contrast to the coherence radius of these beams and waves. Arguments are given in favor of the feasibility of constructing adaptive optical systems for a wide-aperture solar telescope operating under a strong atmospheric turbulence.
Method for removing haze from images, captured under a wide range of lighting conditions
Authors:   Laboratory of Cognitive Technologies and Simulation Systems, Filin A.I. , Kopylov A.V. ,   Laboratory of Cognitive Technologies and Simulation Systems, Gracheva I.A. ,   Laboratory of Cognitive Technologies and Simulation Systems
Published: September 2024

The presence of haze on images degrades the quality of perception and automatic analysis of scenes. One of the most popular methods of haze removal is the dark channel prior method, which is based on the Koschmieder atmospheric scattering model. However, its underlying assumptions are not met for nighttime, since localized light sources make a significant, if not the main, contribution to lighting. We propose here to use the degree of belonging of an image element to a localized light source, determined based on a one-class classifier, as a value that characterizes the confidence of the corresponding element of the estimated transmission map during its rectifi-cation based on the gamma-normal model, which makes it possible to increase the accuracy of dehazing when processing images, captured in low-light or nighttime conditions.
The High Strain Rate Response of A Bio-Mimetic Composite Plates
Authors: Gupta Pankaj , Shrivastava Yogesh
Published: September 2024

Biological materials are often viewed as composites, consisting of weaker components arranged hierarchically, leading to exceptional mechanical capabilities that are challenging to replicate in synthetic materials. Natural shape and structure develop through the process of striving for improved performance. This paper will provide a summary of observations from experiments conducted on a composite material designed to closely mimic a sophisticated multifunctional biological structure. The Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) was utilized to test strain rates ranging from 102 s-1 to 104 s-1, providing reliable and comprehensible data for analyzing the behavior of the composite material at high strain rates. The Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) device is frequently utilized for evaluating metals and other materials with high strength and mechanical resistance. This study will detail the changes made to a standard Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) apparatus for testing low impedance materials. An aluminum sample was seen to lose its specific stiffness as impact strain rate increased, but the produced material continued to improve.