bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Xu hướng ứng dụng trí tuệ nhân tạo trong y tế và tim mạch
Authors: Nguyễn Ngọc Quang , Phạm Mạnh Hùng
Published: June 2024

Hội nghị khoa học thường niên của Hội Tim mạch Hoa kỳ (AHA) luôn là sự kiện khoa học tim mạch quốc tế lớn nhất để khép lại một năm dương lịch. AHA 2023 tại Philadelphia, tháng 11 năm nay, đã giành không ít thời lượng để trình bày, chia sẻ và thảo luận vể các ứng dụng của trí tuệ nhân tạo (AI) bên giường bệnh với những thử nghiệm lâm sàng lần đầu được công bố như: (1) thử nghiệm SPEC-AI1 sàng lọc bằng ống nghe kỹ thuật số trên gần 1200 phụ nữ mang thai và sau sinh ở Nigeria cho phép tăng gấp đôi số ca suy tim mới phát hiện (vốn sẽ bị bỏ sót theo cách chăm sóc thông thường), cho phép quản lý thích hợp kịp thời và giảm tử vong hoặc biến chứng; (2) thử nghiêm SPEECH trên 400 người lớn suy tim ở Israel, tận dụng công nghệ phân tích tiếng nói trên điện thoại thông minh để phát hiện sớm các dấu hiệu xấu đi của suy tim, đạt độ chính xác tới 71% trong việc phát hiện các sự kiện suy tim khoảng 3 tuần trước khi nhập viện; (3) thử nghiệm ARISE trên các bệnh nhân nhồi máu cơ tim ST chênh lên (STEMI) tại một bệnh viện ở Đài Loan ứng dụng AI hỗ trợ phân tích điện tâm đồ cho phép tăng khả năng chẩn đoán (giá trị dự báo dương 88% và giá trị dự báo âm 99,9%) cho phép chuyển bệnh nhân STEMI đến phòng thông tim sớm gần 10 phút; (4) thử nghiệm ORFAN2 đánh giá thêm nguy cơ viêm dựa trên lớp mỡ quanh động mạch vành (ĐMV)khi chụp cắt lớp đa dãy ĐMV thường quy làm tăng khả năng dự báo các biến cố tim mạch độc lập với các thang điểm nguy cơ trên lâm sàng (xếp lại khoảng 30% bệnh nhân lên nhóm nguy cơ cao hơn và khoảng 10% xuống nhóm nguy cơ thấp).
Storage study on compositional analysis of quinoa and ragi based snacks
Authors: Yadav Parul , Suryavanshi Priyanka
Published: June 2024

This research focuses on examining compositional changes in quinoa and ragi seed-based snack products (Khakhara, Mathari, Laddu, and Cookies) during storage, aiming to provide comprehensive insights into their nutritional stability. The study addresses parameters such as total ash, total moisture, protein, fat, carbohydrates, energy, crude fiber, iron, and calcium content. The background underscores the significance of understanding alterations in these snacks’ composition during storage, and the purpose is to assess their implications for nutritional value and quality. Methodologically, the investigation thoroughly analyzes the specified parameters over the storage period. The principal results reveal dynamic changes in total ash, moisture, protein, fat, carbohydrates, energy, crude fiber, iron, and calcium content, shedding light on the evolving nature of these popular snacks during storage. This study contributes to the field by highlighting the need for strategies to enhance the shelf life and nutritional stability of quinoa and ragi-based snacks. The major conclusions drawn underscore the importance of further research to comprehend the driving factors behind these compositional changes. Acknowledging research limitations, the study recognizes the necessity for ongoing investigations to unravel underlying mechanisms. In terms of practical implications, the findings suggest a potential impact on the nutritional quality of these snacks, urging the development of strategies to mitigate such effects. Socially, the study’s insights into popular snack products contribute to broader discussions on food quality, nutrition, and health. In summary, this research advances our understanding of compositional changes in stored snacks and prompts further exploration for practical and societal advancements in the field.
Quantitative estimation of ethanol content in eribulin mesylate injection using headspace gas chromatographic with flame ionization detector [HS-GC-FID]
Authors: Malleswari P. N. , Gupta P. V. S. , Vardhan S. V. M. , Ramachandran D.
Published: June 2024

A specific HS-GC method has been developed, optimized, and validated for the quantitative estimation of ethanol content in eribulin mesylate injection. Chromatographic separation was achieved on DB-624 column (30 m x 0.32 mm, 1.8 μm), consisting of 6% cyanopropyl and 94% polydimethylsiloxane as stationary phase and passing nitrogen carrier gas. The performance of the method was assessed by evaluating the specificity, linearity, precision, and accuracy of experiments. The correlation coefficient value of the linearity experiment was 0.9999. The average recoveries for the accuracy were in the range of 98.7 to 102.4%. The results proved that the method is suitable for the quantitative estimation of ethanol content in eribulin mesylate injection.
Static deformation of a two-phase medium consisting of a rigid boundary elastic layer and an isotropic elastic half-space induced by a very long tensile fault
Authors: . Sangeeta , Sikka Jitander S. , Malik Meenal
Published: June 2024

An analytical model is proposed to determine the static response of a multi-layered medium comprising of an underlying isotropic (ISO) elastic half-space that is in welded contact with an isotropic (ISO) elastic layer of uniform thickness H with a rigid boundary, induced by a tensile dislocation embedded in the layer. The integral expressions for stress fields are obtained by using the airy stress function. These integrals are calculated approximately, using Sneddon’s approach, by substituting the terms under the integral sign with a finite sum of exponential expressions. It is studied numerically and graphically how stresses vary with the change in the epicentral distance for different source locations embedded in the layer. The effect of the rigidity ratio is also analysed on the stress field. To examine the impact of the internal boundary, the stress fields in the layered and uniform half-spaces are compared graphically.
Load aware active low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy for IoT-WSN
Authors: Sridevi R. , Prakash V. S. J.
Published: June 2024

Clustering is a primary process that takes place in an IoT based wireless sensor network environment commences from the deployment phase. Due to the heterogeneity and resource constrained nature of internet of things (IoT) networks, dynamic clustering, cluster head selection, and routing are required to optimize the network and to improve the overall network performance. Load aware active low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LAALEACH) work is an attempt to introduce novel components to the standard LEACH protocol. The main objective of LAALEACH work is to achieve a load aware active routing in IoT based wireless sensor network environments. Rapid load estimator, load pattern tracker, and load aware active routing are the contributed modules introduced in this LAALEACH work. Most recent related works are analyzed and the proposed modules are devised in a way to overcome the issues in the existing methods. Standard network performance parameters such as throughput, packet delivery rate, communication delays, and energy consumption are measured by the OPNET based simulation during the experiments. Obtained improvements in the overall performance is the accomplishment of LAALEACH work.
RWHO: A hybrid of CNN architecture and optimization algorithm to predict basal cell carcinoma skin cancer in dermoscopic images
Authors: Kanimozhi T. , Rajeswari V. , Suguna R. , Nirmaladevi J. , Prema P. , Janani B. , Gomathi R.
Published: June 2024

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a type of skin cancer that initiates from the epithelial cells of our skin. Compared to other forms of cancer, BCC infrequently spreads to other parts of the body. It has a risk of local attack and demolition of surrounding tissues. Typically, BCC shows as one or numerous small, glowing nodules exhibiting central depressions. These knots are commonly found on the sun-exposed skin areas of older adults. Many dermatoscopic methods are available for diagnosing and predicting such kinds of skin cancers. But, medical professionals find it difficult to diagnose at some kind of images at the early stages. An automated methodology to predict such types of skin lesions would be better for such a diagnosis. In the present work, a new computer-assisted algorithm called RESNET50-WHO (RWHO) has been introduced to predict and diagnose BCC skin cancer. The method uses a combination of deep learning algorithm RESNET 50 and a metaheuristic algorithm, called wildebeest herd optimization (WHO) Algorithm to do prediction. The initial features from the images are extracted using RESNET 50. The output is given to the WHO algorithm to extract the beneficial features to reduce the time complexity. The method is tested using the PH2 dataset. The results obtained using the proposed algorithm is compared with the state-of-art optimization algorithms and evaluated. The conclusive findings specify that the proposed algorithm beats the comparative methods, yielding superior results
Hazard regressive multipoint elitist spiral search optimization for resource efficient task scheduling in cloud computing
Authors: Jabeen A. , Shanavas A. R. M.
Published: June 2024

Cloud computing, a revolutionary paradigm, connects computing resources and users via the internet, offering services like cloud storage and on-demand computing. In this context, efficient task scheduling is crucial, aiming to minimize costs and makespan. We introduce hazard regressive multipoint elitist spiral search optimization (HRMESSO), a novel technique for efficient task scheduling with reduced time consumption. User tasks are initially received, prioritized, and optimized. Cox proportional hazard regression is applied to establish relationships between task attributes (e.g., priority level, request arrival time, file size) and task prioritization. The great deluge elitist spiral search optimization identifies optimal virtual machines, considering factors like energy, memory, and CPU availability. The spiral search employs logarithmic spirals and Jenson Shannon divergence to find global optimal virtual machines. Finally, the task assigner schedules prioritized tasks onto the identified optimal virtual machines. Experimental evaluation is conducted with different metrics such as task scheduling efficiency, makespan, throughput and energy consumption. The quantitatively compared results exhibit the HRMESSO technique provides better scheduling efficiency, lesser makespan, throughput and energy consumption.
Hygrothermoelastic large deflection behaviour in a thin circular plate with non-Fourier and non-Fick law
Authors: Sheikh Shahala , Khalsa Lalsingh , Chandel Nitin , Varghese Vinod
Published: June 2024

The coupled fractional dual phase-lag hygrothermoelasticity theory, developed using fractional calculus principles, extends classical Fourier’s and Fick’s laws to a time-fractional differential equation. The concept is applied to a thin circular plate that is exposed to hygrothermal loadings. The finite integral transform method and decoupled technique are utilized to create closed-form expressions for various factors such as temperature, moisture, large deflection, and stresses. The study compares the results of the dual phase-lag model with those of classical and hyperbolic models. The phase-lags parameters play a crucial role in regulating the heat and moisture transfer mechanism
Study and optimization of process parameters for deformation machining stretching mode
Authors: Parmar P. L. , George P. M.
Published: June 2024

Monolithic thin-structure parts with intricate geometric designs are employed in a variety of aeronautical, medical, marine, and automotive applications, which include the moldlines of the fuselage, turbine blades, impellers, avionic shelves, irregular fins, prostheses, bone and joint support, and skull plates. The deformation machining process is the solution to this challenging and difficult-to-manufacture high-quality components with intricate narrow geometries at competitive prices. The aim of the present study is to assess the effect of process parameters of the deformation machining process wherein a thin, floor-like structure is created by milling and is then formed using a single-point incremental forming tool. Investigation involves the design and development of tooling required for the process followed by feasibility checking of the process. To examine the impact of different process parameters on the process response, the experiments were carried out using the design of experiments. The findings of this study indicate that different process parameters, including spindle speed, tool diameter, incremental step depth, and feed rate, have a substantial impact on the process response, like thickness, surface finish, and hardness. Uneven and non-uniform surface patterns during SEM indicate that it is needed to examine the impact of process parameters. This research involves the feasibility study of a new hybrid technique of deformation machining. Conventionally, a metallic structure is produced by joining various components through welding or by fastening. These methods require additional expenditure on equipment, storage, floor space, human resources, etc., with higher lead time. Joining increases weight and reduces fatigue strength. The creation of monolithic structures can eliminate all these disadvantages.
A framework for generating explanations of machine learning models in Fintech industry
Authors: Kalyanathaya Krishna P. , K Krishna Prasad
Published: June 2024

Artificial Intelligence is making significant inroads into various aspects of business and life bringing the transformation in many ways. The convolution of technology in finance is often called FINTECH rapidly growing area of transformation. In the FINTECH industry, AI can automate several financial processes and services such as fraud detection, customer services, credit assessment, price predictions, customer churning, trading services, risk management, underwriting, market forecasting. These processes and services are critical to financial sectors such as banking, insurance, currency, stock and commodity markets, wealth management, payment clearing houses, payment regulators etc. Regulations control these processes and should be transparent in their operations. AI models are inherently opaque in their outcomes and unable to be fully plugged into the financial processes and services. Explainable AI is the key area of research that can help to provide transparency to enable these AI models as fully operational business models to automate financial products and services. In this paper we will broadly outline the framework of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) in finance sectors and services. We then look into one use case of credit assessment and develop an XAI framework to provide transparent outcomes from the AI models.
novel method for developing explainable machine learning framework using feature neutralization technique
Authors: Kalyanathaya Krishna P. , K Krishna Prasad
Published: June 2024

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has led to its widespread adoption across various domains. One of the most important challenges faced by AI adoption is to justify the outcome of the AI model. In response, explainable AI (XAI) has emerged as a critical area of research, aiming to enhance transparency and interpretability in AI systems. However, existing XAI methods facing several challenges, such as complexity, difficulty in interpretation, limited applicability, and lack of transparency. In this paper, we discuss current challenges using SHAP and LIME metrics being popular methods for explainable AI and then present a novel approach for developing an explainable AI framework that addresses these limitations. This novel approach uses simple techniques and understandable human explanations to provide users with clear and interpretable insights into AI model behavior. Key components of this approach include model-agnostic interpretability, a newly developed explainable factor overcoming the challenges of current XAI methods and enabling users to understand the decision-making process of AI models. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the new approach through a case study and evaluate the framework’s performance in terms of interpretability. Overall, the new approach offers enhanced transparency and trustworthiness in AI systems across diverse applications.
Evaluating supply chain management practice among micro and small manufacturing enterprise in southwest, Ethiopia
Authors: Zelalem Bayelign A. , Abebe Ayalew A.
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study was to assess the supply chain management practices of micro and small scale manufacturing enterprise operated in Bench-Sheko zone, southwest, Ethiopia. This examination utilized the realistic investigation plan to overview the appraisal of store network the board rehearses on the miniature and limited scope fabricating endeavors worked in Bench-Sheko zone. The assessment has accepted qualitative investigation approach. The study uncovered that just 38%, 26%, 32%, 49%, 15%, 43%, 36%, 38%, 32%, 27% and 34% of assembling endeavors in the zone consolidate natural prerequisites in choosing suppliers, reuse side-effect, squander reusing strategy, utilized crude materials that needs less energy, give impetuses to the possible providers, share data oftentimes to the providers, advance vital provider relationship, advance store network joining, quality coordination’s, electronic coordination’s the executives and coordination’s timetable alone. The after effect of this study has some significant ramifications to the miniature and limited scope producing undertakings. In such manner to remain serious and make due over the long haul the assembling ventures should zero in additional on accepting green supply chain network, supplier relationship and logistics management.
Legal regulation of tourism services in the framework of the general agreement on trade in services
Authors: Usmanova S. Bultakovna
Published: June 2024

The research paper analyses the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) of the World Trade Organization (WTO) as one of the contractual sources of international law. Emphasizing the main aspects of the GATS, the author describes tourism services as one of its regulatory spheres. Moreover, in the research paper, it has been learned about the practices of foreign developing countries in the process of joining the WTO, as well as critical issues related to it. It is known that the membership of the Republic of Uzbekistan in this organization will create the responsibility for a comprehensive analysis of the issues of its participation in the future, which will play an important role in the further integration of the country into the world community. In this regard, the research aims to identify and underline topical issues for Uzbekistan concerning the regulation of tourism services within the WTO as well as law enforcement practices that Uzbekistan should consider during the process of accessing this international organization. Therefore, the research paper emphasizes the experience of the WTO member countries, the regulation of tourism services, and the analysis of its specific aspects.
Analysis of renewable energy and economic growth of Germany
Authors: Akanksha Singh  , Nand Kumar
Published: June 2024

The study aims to investigate the effect of energy use, renewable energy consumption, nuclear energy consumption and air transport freight on CO2 emissions in Germany. Auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL) technique was used to establish the short and long-term correlations between the dependent (CO2) and independent variables (Energy use, nuclear consumption, renewable consumption, air transport freight) on a time series data from 1970 to 2021. The results demonstrated the dependence of energy use on non-renewable energy sources by revealing a significant and positive relationship between short and long-term energy use and CO2 emissions. Similar to energy use, nuclear energy use and air transport freight was also found to be positively correlated with CO2 emissions. On the other hand, despite the fact that there is a strong negative connection between carbon dioxide emissions and renewable energy, the results reveal that the correlation between the two is not statistically significant. The study aims to investigate the effect of important economic factors on Germany’s CO2 emissions in order to move further in a sustainable manner. The data reveals an astonishing increase in the usage of nuclear energy for power generation between 1965 and 1985, which was followed by a fall in 2012 as a result of the Fukushima tragedy and growing social unease in Germany, which ultimately led to the phase-out of nuclear power. Nonetheless, BAU projections revealed that even with 200 nuclear power plants, CO2 emissions would still be reduced to 278 by 2070, in part because of the additional power produced by other energy sources.
R V PATHAK’S VIEWS ON INDEPENDENCE AND LITERATURE IN INDIAN LITERATURE
Authors: Gosai Manisha
Published: June 2024

The chapter aims to bring forth the less discussed and depicted aspect of Indian literature in general and Gujarati literature in particular, i. e. influence of independence on literature. The focus here is to look at the portrayal of independence and its impact on the people of India from the point of view of a Gujarati critic Ramnarayan Vishvanath Pathak. He talks about the Indian Independence from an objective view and how Indian authors have penned very less about it from the critical point of view.
IMPARTING LIFE SKILLS TO TECHNICAL STUDENTS
Authors: Vinitha P. V. , Rani Dr. K. Usha
Published: June 2024

Students opting engineering courses is increasing year by year as there is an increasing demand for technical students all over the world. Even parents want their wards to go for engineering courses dreaming of better career opportunities for their children. The government initiation to encourage technical education has laid a path for increase in the technical institutions in our country. But the question arising in many minds is that whether these students coming out of these institutions are capable enough to be employed or are they employable? As many surveys indicated that only a few students are found to be employable. The reason for this condition is either they lack technical skills or communication skills. Both these skills are required to get an employment and also to survive in the competition in their career. This means the students should gain overall development during their course period. The expected overall development of students can be achieved with the united efforts of the teachers and the students. Engineering students during their four year course period, come across many problems small or big causing many issues like losing self-confidence, fear of facing others, unwanted comparisons, reduced self-esteem and so on and so forth. Here imparting Life skills can play a major role for the overall development of engineering students. This paper aims at imparting Life skills to engineering students under Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Telangana state and proposes core Life skills, teaching methodology and the benefits.
PRODRUG BASED NANOPARTICLE THERAPEUTICS: CHALLENGES AND FUTURE PROSPECTS
Authors: Agarwalla Sandeepa , Begum Dr. Pakiza , Langthasa Dr. Pimily
Published: June 2024

Prodrug was introduced to overcome certain problems in the drugs which consequently led the scientists to switch from the traditional methods in producing classical prodrugs to designing and invoking prodrugs. In the coming years, prodrug-based nanoparticles will be a focus for the researchers to develop drugs to cure chronic illness as it improves efficacy and lessens side effects. The current review paper tries to focus on the benefits, challenges and the future prospects of prodrug-based nanoparticles.
NANOTECHNOLOGY BASED APPROACHES FOR ENHANCING BIOAVAILABILITY OF POORLY SOLUBLE DRUGS
Authors: Dewangan Smriti , Dhara Moonmun , Rawat Varsha
Published: June 2024

Nanotechnology has emerged as a transformative field in pharmaceutical research, offering innovative solutions to tackle the long-standing challenge of poor solubility of various drugs. In this chapter, we explore the latest advancements and applications of nanotechnology-based solubility enhancement techniques. The poor aqueous solubility of drugs often leads to compromised bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy, limiting their clinical success. Nanotechnology-based approaches, such as nanosuspensions, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, and cyclodextrin complexes, have shown great promise in enhancing drug solubility and dissolution rates. By manipulating materials at the nanoscale, these techniques provide unique opportunities to encapsulate drug compounds, enhancing their stability and facilitating targeted delivery to specific biological sites. Moreover, the use of nanoscale carriers enables controlled and sustained drug release, leading to improved therapeutic outcomes and reduced side effects. This review highlights the versatility of nanotechnology in enhancing the solubility of hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs alike, broadening its potential application across a wide range of pharmaceutical compounds. Additionally, the biocompatibility and biodegradability of nanomaterials play a pivotal role in ensuring their safety and clinical relevance. Despite these promising advancements, certain challenges remain, including the need for comprehensive toxicity assessments, scalability of manufacturing processes, and regulatory considerations. Nonetheless, nanotechnology-based solubility enhancement techniques hold significant promise for revolutionizing drug development and personalized medicine. In conclusion, this review underscores the transformative potential of nanotechnology-based solubility enhancement techniques in overcoming drug solubility challenges. As the field continues to evolve, further research and collaboration among academia, industry, and regulatory bodies will be essential to unlock the full therapeutic potential of nanotechnology in pharmaceutical applications.
RECENT TRENDS IN THE EMERGENCE OF INVASOMES FOR TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY OF DRUGS
Authors: Das Amit Kumar , Bhuyan Shibanku , Thakuria Debasish , Devi Chanam Melody
Published: June 2024

Transdermal delivery provides a leading edge over oral route or invasive method for drug delivery avoiding hepatic metabolism. Innovative delivery methodologies give a new aspect of delivering drug molecules effectively in a controlled manner. Invasomes are novel liposomal vesicular system that provides better transdermal penetration than liposomes improving drug efficacy thereby enhancing patient compliance and comfort. This vesicular system embodies small amount of ethanol and terpenes or terpene mixtures giving it very high membrane fluidity and the ability to modify the order of stratum corneum packing. Terpenes, the naturally occurring volatile oils are generally recognized as safe substances with minimum irritancy at low concentration. This book chapter presents an overview of invasomes, a unique and promising drug delivery method that combines the benefits of liposomes and in description of their substantial contributions to the field of drug delivery. The chapter opens by explaining the idea of invasomes and highlighting its unique properties such as their potential to improve skin permeabilities and target specific tissues and deliver a wide range of therapeutically actives substances. It goes on to detail the various manufacturing procedures of invasomes such as thin film hydration, solvent injection and lipid film hydration emphasizing the significance of optimizing formulation parameters to obtain desired properties of the system. The chapter explores invasomes assessment techniques and finishes with a description of their substantial contributions to the field of drug delivery. It emphasizes their ability to overcome biological barriers, improve drug bioavailability, and enhance therapeutic efficacy. With further research and development, invasomes hold great promise as an innovative drug delivery system, offering numerous opportunities for advancements in medical treatments and patient care.
DOSAGE FORM DESIGN
Authors: Dorwal Mr. Dhawal , Gupta Dr. Ravikant , Vengurlekar Dr. Sudha
Published: June 2024

Dosage form design is a critical aspect of pharmaceutical development, encompassing the creation and optimization of drug delivery systems. The abstract highlights key elements of the study, such as the formulation strategies, innovative technologies employed, and the impact on drug bioavailability and patient outcomes. It could also touch upon any challenges faced during the design process and the potential implications for future pharmaceutical advancements. The goal is to provide a concise summary that intrigues readers and encourages them to delve into the details of the study.
IMPLEMENTATION OF GREEN TECHNOLOGY & GREEN CHEMISTRY IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY: A NEWER APPROACH FOR SUSTAINABILITY IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
Authors: Patowary Pooja , Deka Babita , Devi Juti Rani , Bhat Hans Raj
Published: June 2024

Emerging trends have nowadays been involved for the sustainability in Pharmaceutical industry. The concept of Green technology, Green Chemistry are growing attentions as the industries produces a significant amount of wastes and Green house gases with the utilization of large volume of water. The implementation of energy efficient system, using electric vehicles in logistics operations and independent verifications such as leadership in energy, environmental design certifications that focuses on company’s building designs, construction are considered to be resource efficient which minimizes its carbon footprint. In order to minimize the impact on environment in a cost effective manner the designing of the chemical process with reduction in the use and creation of hazardous substances should be incorporated. To achieve sustainability in operational perspectives integration of Green supply chain (GSC) can also be adopted. However, the potential risk and finalizing the risks involved in adopting the GSC initiatives within the pharmaceutical industry depends on fuzzy Delphi approach and fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy process (AHP). According to the data obtained during a survey conducted in top global pharmaceutical companies, the two main obstacles to GC adoption are affairs related to regulatory bodies and pressures to deliver new medications. Hence, it is necessary to apply life cycle assessment metrics, enhance GC education, build effective supplier management programmes, and increase the application of green chemistry throughout the entire supply chain. Large decline in Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) release from the pharmaceutical industry in U.S. have been observed with the adoption of GC as per the reports of researchers. Despite not being publicly disclosed, generic medication companies, API manufacturers, and smaller R&D pharmaceutical businesses show interest in and advancements in GC principles, according to the global pharmaceutical supply chain. The current chapter aims to focus new technologies adoption of GC by pharmaceutical companies and API manufactures, to examine the drivers and barriers to greater adoption of GC by industry and to identify opportunities for wider acceptance of GC by pharma industry and API manufacturers in India.
BIOPHARMACEUTICS: AN UPDATE AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Dayal Dr. Ram , Singh Balwan , Nagarajan Dr. K , Chatap Dr. Vivekanand Kisan
Published: June 2024

Biopharmaceutical Research & Development (R&D) aims at finding new modalities to diagnose, prevent, and treat human diseases. Prototypes of innovative approaches are tested in biological systems of increasing size, complexity, and relevance. Active Drug Ingredient (API) is a substance used to diagnose, treat, reduce, cure, or prevent disease. Medicines can be solid (pill, capsule), semi-solid (ointment, cream), liquid, suspension, emulsion, etc., for internal or local use. It is given in some drug or drug forms such as Pharmaceutical products can be thought of as pharmaceutical products that release and deliver drugs to the site of action, cause desired medical results, and are also specifically designed to meet the patient's needs such as palatability, convenience, and safety. Health authorities around the world play a key role in this process. During the clinical test phase, together with the biopharmaceutical companies, they surveil and ensure the scientifically sound and safe conduct of clinical trials. In a second step, health authorities review the entire data set that has been generated during both the exploratory and the confirmatory phases. If, based on these data, they come to conclude that the benefits conferred to the patients outweigh the risks, authorization to market the drug in the respective country is conferred. In order to get reimbursed, approved new drugs need to undergo an economic review process. There the decision is made if the new drug confers enough clinical benefits to justify its price. The drug approval process and the economic evaluation/reimbursement process are two distinct processes carried out by different institutions. Although R&D leverages a number of academic disciplines like epidemiology, genetics, biology, chemistry, bioinformatics, pharmacology, toxicology, pharmacy, and medicine, it is not primarily an academic discipline and cannot be studied in one program at a university. It is difficult to find coherent overarching information on concepts generally applicable to the industry beyond individual company processes. Thus, this book chapter attempts to bridge this gap and provide an overview and concepts and reliable details which apply across the industry and are valuable for everyone working in or with the biopharmaceutical industry
RECENT UPDATES ON PROMISING TARGETS IN ANTICANCER ACTION: A REVIEW
Authors: Varshney Shruti , Tiwari Abhishek , Mishra Rakhi
Published: June 2024

Cancer is a multifactorial disease that is characterized by the failure of the normal mechanism of cell regulation which consists of survival, proliferation, and differentiation of the cell. Traditional chemotherapeutical agents directly target the DNA of the cell while modern antiproliferative agents engage in targeting the proteins showing abnormal expression inside the cancer cells also known as molecular–targeted therapy. In comparison to molecular targeted therapy, traditional therapies are ineffective in the complete abolition of the cancer cells while targeted chemotherapy shows its effectiveness in many neoplasms but their effectiveness proves failure due to the resistance of single drug and adverse effects caused by these chemotherapeutic agents to the normal cell and tissues. Cross-resistance also creates problems in the specificity and selectivity of the current chemotherapeutic agents in the application of chemotherapy. Instead, these restrictions have provided a good insight into determining basic molecular mechanisms responsible for the extension of various stages in cancer. In the past few years, a lot of promising drug targets are recognized for their effective action against cancer. The radiance of this continuous work is to find out the identification and validation of newer anticancer agents. This chapter represents some of the important drug targets which may facilitate the process of anti-cancer drug development
INNOVATIVE TRENDS IN NEONATOLOGY
Authors: Bhavani Dr. B.Ganga , Suhasini U.
Published: June 2024

Neonatal care is very much important part in every one’s life. Before technology there was most practiced act of traditional prenatal and postnatal care of mother and baby. Most of the times that was very successful until innovative methods come. The new assessment guidelines and action plan of neonates as per IMNCI guidelines, neonatal procedures like EXIT, cord blood banking system is described in this chapter. The technological advancements of AI,VR, Chatbot, m health is elaborated. The new trends in research like TDR , translational research, concept of gene editing and designer babies are discussed
DANGERS OF PLASTIC POLLUTION AND ITS REMEDIES
Authors: A Khalak Abarar
Published: June 2024

Plastic pollution has emerged as a grave environmental concern, posing significant dangers to ecosystems worldwide. This abstract provides an overview of the dangers associated with plastic pollution and its adverse impacts on biodiversity, marine life, human health, and the overall balance of natural systems. The abstract emphasizes the urgent need for comprehensive measures to address this issue, including reducing plastic production, improving waste management systems, and promoting sustainable alternatives. By understanding the dangers of plastic pollution, we can strive for effective solutions that protect our ecosystems and ensure a healthier future for both the planet and its inhabitants.
MANAGING MIXED-ABILITY CLASSROOMS
Authors: Tabassum Sameena
Published: June 2024

One of the challenges commonly confronted by many teachers all over the world is the effective management of mixed-ability classrooms. Mixed-ability classes are found in every educational institution, irrespective of its location and type. Teachers must not treat the whole class as a uniform group of the same abilities. All students have their own way of learning. It becomes problematic when the teacher does not recognize the necessity for a novel approach to manage the mixed-ability classroom. Research has proved that teachers must employ a multitude of strategies in mixed-ability classes. The teacher’s positive attitude, efficient lesson planning, differentiation in teaching, use of technology, student-centered activities, increasing learners’ autonomy, continuous discussions and feedback, pair work, group work, and positive relationship between teachers and students can pave the path for an effective management of the mixed-ability classes.
THERMOPHILIC CONSORTIA FOR METHANE PRODUCTION THROUGH BIOCHEMICAL DIGESTION OF RICE STRAW
Authors: K J Shashikala , Kulkarni Srinidhi R , Kalleshappa Dr. C. M
Published: June 2024

From the remnants of agricultural stubble emerge lush paddy fields, wheat fields, and bountiful grain harvests. The phenomenon of biochemical digestion keeps promising potential for the generation of biogas. This study aimed to explore the viability of utilizing a thermo-philic strain derived from rice straw. The digestion process was meticulously conducted in a batch reactor, with a carefully maintained pH range of 7 to 8 and a constant temperature of 55ºC for duration of 24 days. The bio-gas digester's feedstock was prepared by maintaining a nitrogen-to-carbon ratio of 1:20. This mixture contained 8% dry biomass in solid form, comprising 65.9% volatile solids. The chapter is divided into two parts. The first segment outlines the CHNS methodology employed to assess the elemental and proximate composition of paddy straw. Notably, the C:N ratio within the paddy straw was determined to be 60:1. Furthermore, the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio in the cellulose feedstock was established at 1:7. Proximate analysis indicated that volatile solids constituted 65.20% of the total weight. The second part of the chapter delves into the bio-gas production process. Analytical findings revealed that the average composition of carbon dioxide and methane in the generated bio-gas was 52.95% and 45.98%, respectively. The bio-gas yield was measured at 0.484 m3/kg of volatile solids.
PLANKTONS AS BIO-INDICATORS IN LOTIC AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM OF TUNGABHADRA RIVER NEAR HARIHAR, KARNATAKA STATE, INDIA
Authors: B Suresh
Published: June 2024

Phytoplankton and zooplankton play a crucial role as bioindicators within lotic aquatic environments, contributing to the health of their respective food webs. The evaluation aimed to assess the presence and periodicity of these bioindicators in such ecosystems. The research was conducted along the Tungabhadra River near Harihar, Karnataka State, India. Plankton samples were collected using specialized nets from chosen locations within the aquatic system. Over the span of a year, a total of 465 anuran specimens were gathered, with 357 from Station 1 and 2, and 108 from Station 3 and 4. The diversity of phytoplankton and zooplankton species was recorded and quantified. Abundance referred to the number of species within a cluster in relation to the total number across all clusters. Various biological indices including Simpson’s Dominance, Gini-Simpson's, Shannon-Wiener, Berger-Parker, Margalef’s, Menhinick’s, Fisher alpha, Equitability, Brillouin, and Chao were computed using established methods. The collected species data were statistically analyzed using tools like Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0, PAST version 3.14, and Microsoft Office. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. The identified bioindicators across all surveyed locations consisted of phytoplankton species such as Oscilatoria spp, Anabaenia spp, Anacystis spp, Spirogyra spp, Oedogonium spp, Savicular spp, and Euglena spp. Zooplankton species included Epiphanes spp, Philodina spp, Synchata spp, Poliathra spp, Holopedium spp, Daphnia spp, Alona spp, and Bosmina spp. The abundance and periodicity of these bioindicators within the selected lotic aquatic ecosystem revealed that species abundance was significantly influenced by variations in climate and weather conditions of the study area. Peak abundance was observed during the rainy period, whereas the dry period saw notably lower abundance levels.
MAJOR INFLUENCES ON ENGLISH VOCABULARY
Authors: Gopalsingh Rao Dr.Jaydeepsingh
Published: June 2024

Language is God’s special gift to mankind. Language is a means of communication. Without language, man would have remained only a dumb animal. Patanjali, the linguist, says “Language is that human expression which is uttered out by speech organs”. In the Encyclopedia Britannica, “Language defined as a system of conventional spoken or written symbols through which human beings, as members of a social group particulars in its culture, communicate.” English is the most popular of the world languages. It has been widespread almost in all countries of the world. English language as it exists today, has great potential for becoming an international medium of communication.
FUTURISTIC TRENDS IN DENTAL IMPLANT SURGERY: ROBOTIC ASSISTED DENTAL IMPLANT SURGERY WITH AN AUTONOMOUS DENTAL IMPLANT ROBOT (ADIR)
Authors: Lahiri Dr. Jagriti
Published: June 2024

This article explores the transformative impact of robotic technology in dentistry, specifically focusing on trends in dental implant surgery, integrating Robotic-Assisted Dental Implant Surgery with an Autonomous Dental Implant Robot (ADIR). The goal is to enhance precision and efficiency while minimizing invasiveness. Current dental trends emphasize optimal implant positioning for prolonged viability and aesthetically pleasing outcomes. Computer-assisted guidance techniques have advanced implant placement precision. Anticipating a paradigm shift in Oral and Maxillofacial surgery in India, the article foresees the incorporation of Robotic-Assisted Implant Surgery, providing superior accuracy. The convergence of robotic assistance addresses the growing demand for comprehensive precision in dental procedures. Guided implant therapy's acceptance aligns with technological advancements, complementing the continuous expansion of surgical skills. In contrast to freehand implant surgery, the article contends that Robotic-Assisted Dental Implant Surgery with ADIR has the potential to revolutionize the field by combining technology with surgical proficiency, providing a practical solution to traditional challenges. The article concludes by emphasizing the transformative potential of this trend in reshaping dental implant surgery for practitioners and patients alike.
PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION ACT (PDPA, 2023): HERALDING FUTURISTIC ERA OF DATA AND PRIVACY PROTECTION IN INDIA
Authors: Tariq Dr. Wali , Malik Benazir
Published: June 2024

Background/Introduction: Gossamer-like, the internet has seamlessly woven itself into the fabric of Indian Society with over 714 million Indians are actively using the internet in India, which accounts for approximately 48% of the total population in the year 2022; and this is further anticipated to grow up to one billion users by 2025. There are around 338 million Indians who use digital means for making payments of which 36 % hail from rural India.[i]. The trend that has been set does point to the fact that the major chunk of these users do hail from rural India. In a way, rural India is on the verge of a major social socio-cultural upheaval towards urbanization. From the bustling streets of metropolitan cities to the sleepy town far up to remote villages of India, masses at large are adopting the magical Internet to connect, learn and grow above and beyond their wholesome entertainment. Post-COVID-19, the internet has had a very profound impact on the way we lead our lifestyle, do our work and follow our livelihood. Conclusion: Such a futuristic piece of legislation will have salutary effect on the rapidly growing sectors of healthcare in India including medical insurance since cyber-security is the key to ensuring a climate conducive to such a growth in these vital economy sectors including India’s banking sector for continued prosperity and national uplift.
SAFE AND EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT OF MEDICATIONS: ENSURING PATIENT SAFETY AND QUALITY CARE
Authors: Paul Dr. Prolay , Maiti Dr. Sourav , Gadre Dr. Suchanda
Published: June 2024

The safe and efficient management of medications is a cornerstone of modern healthcare, underpinning the very essence of patient safety and the delivery of quality care. This critical aspect of healthcare revolves around the careful and precise handling of medications, from prescription to administration, with an unwavering commitment to preventing errors and promoting positive clinical outcomes. Medication management isn't just about ensuring that the right pills are given to the right patients; it is a complex and multifaceted process that demands the highest standards of diligence and precision. It encompasses the prescribing, dispensing, administration, monitoring, and documentation of medications, all of which are interconnected and indispensable components of patient care. The importance of this topic cannot be overstated. Medication errors, whether in the form of dosage mistakes, drug interactions, or administration mishaps, can have grave consequences for patients. They may result in adverse drug events, allergic reactions, hospitalizations, and even loss of life. Such errors not only harm the individuals seeking healthcare but can also strain healthcare resources and raise costs. Therefore, the safe and efficient management of medications is not merely an aspiration but a fundamental imperative for healthcare systems globally.
RECENT ADVANCES IN LAPAROSCOPY
Authors: Grover Dr. Tanya , Khanam Dr. Zeba , Gupta Dr. Nidhi
Published: June 2024

Minimally invasive surgery is now the standard of surgical care in modern gynaecology. It offers many benefits such as: faster recovery, telescopic benefits and improved cosmetics. Telemetric surgery using robotic technology is an excellent approach for advanced gynaecologic malignancies. We conducted extensive literature searches on the progress of minimally invasive surgery using the search engines Pubmed, Medline, and Embase. In summary, despite the many advantages of minimally invasive surgery, there are many barriers to its widespread adoption, even in the Western world. These include higher costs, a longer learning curve and logistical constraints. Overcoming these obstacles represents a growing challenge, but is not an unattainable goal.