bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revisiting Kantorovich Operators in Lebesgue Spaces
Authors: Obie Maximillian Ventura , Taebenu Erick Angga , Gunadi Reinhart , Hakim Denny Ivanal
Published: January 2024

According to the Weierstrass Approximation Theorem, any continuous function on the closed and bounded interval can be approximated by polynomials. A constructive proof of this theorem uses the so-called Bernstein polynomials. For the approximation of integrable functions, we may consider Kantorovich operators as certain modifications for Bernstein polynomials. In this paper, we investigate the behaviour of Kantorovich operators in Lebesgue spaces. We first give an alternative proof of the uniform boundedness of Kantorovich operators in Lebesgue spaces by using the Riesz-Thorin Interpolation Theorem. In addition, we examine the convergence of Kantorovich operators in the space of essentially bounded functions. We also give an example related to the rate of convergence of Kantorovich operators in a subspace of Lebesgue spaces.
Effects of Inversion Layer on The Atmospheric Pollutant Dispersion from A High Chimney
Authors: Zai Fidelis Nofertinus , Gunawan Agus Yodi
Published: January 2024

An inversion layer is a layer in the lower atmosphere at a certain height through which there is no transport of pollutants. It plays as a significant factor in the formation of air pollutants where they are trapped. In this paper, a mathematical model describing an atmospheric pollutant dispersion from a high chimney in the presence of an inversion layer is constructed. The aim of the model is to predict the concentration of pollutants at ground level. The advection-diffusion equation governs the concentration of a pollutant released into the air. An analytical solution procedure via the integral transforms is presented for the steady-state case. Solutions are entirely determined by two parameters, i.e., the source strength emanating from the chimney and the height of the inversion layer. The pollutant concentration on the ground level with some multiple source formations will be explored, and also for various values of inversion layer height. Results show that the lower the inversion layer, the higher the pollutant concentration on the ground level is.
Бага Ойгорын палеолитын хадны зургийн дурсгал
Authors: Төрбат Цагаан , Батболд Нацаг , Өмирбек Бихумар
Published: January 2024

In 2004, Ts. Turbat made a discovery of a significant site of engraved rock art, dating back to the Upper Paleolithic period. Situated on the south bank of the Baga Oigor River, this remarkable site lies within the protective zone of the World Heritage site of the Mongolian Altai rock art complex. The Baga Oigor-VI complex boasts an impressive array of 41 depictions featuring animals such as horses, ibex, argali, deer, cattle, and snakes from the Upper Paleolithic period, complemented by an additional 16 images originating from the Bronze Age, constituting a total of 57 images. Noteworthy is the superior preservation status of this monument, eclipsing that of comparable sites and presenting unparalleled clarity in visibility. The scarcity of open Paleolithic rock art sites across the globe that bear resemblance to this exceptional find underscores its singular nature. The geographically nearest analogous site of significance is the Gobustan monument in the South Caucasus followed by largest concentration of similar monuments in Iberian peninsula. Beyond the renowned ochre paintings of the Khoid Tsenkher Cave, an extensive exploration of carved rock art open air monuments is underway, elevating the Mongolian Altai region to the status of a pivotal hub in the realm of ancient art. The sheer abundance and widespread distribution of these monuments contribute to its characterization as a veritable “cradle of prehistoric art”.
Монгол Алтайд илэрсэн “Сэлэнгийн хэлбэрийн” зосон зургийн дурсгал (Говь-Алтай аймаг, Тонхил сум)
Authors: Төрбат Цагаан , Нэргүй Очирхуяг , Лхагвадорж Бямбадорж
Published: January 2024

A group of ochre paintings traditionally classified as “Selenge type” has been discovered on a small rocky promontory at Choilon ford situated in the Dund Khuld river valley in the southern slopes of the Altai mountain range, within the Tonkhil soum of Gobi-Altai province. These ochre paintings can be categorized into two distinct groups. The initial group, characterized by a pair of triangles, is associated with a particular culture for which the exact dating remains uncertain. Conversely, the second group, featuring a pair of lines, depictions of animals, humans, and a square frame, corresponds to the Slab Grave culture, attributable to the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age. Adjacent to these paintings are four carvings of deer, aligning with the Deer Stone Khirgisuur culture. The significance of this rock art lies in its current location at the westernmost extremity of the “Selenge type” rock paintings affiliated with the Slab Grave culture, rendering it a subject of considerable research interest.
Баян-Өлгий аймгийн Улаанхус сумын Манантын хөндийн хадны зургийн дүр дүрслэлийн асуудалд
Authors: Мөнхбат Цэгмэд , Энхтөр Чимэддорж
Published: January 2024

In 2020, we discovered rock paintings with special images that were not previously included in scientific circulation from Mount Bumbatkhairkhan, located through the territories of Mankhan, Chandman and Zereg soum as a result of a scientific research search. The place where these monuments are located is called “Tovoryn am” on Mount Bumbatkhairkhan. “Tovoryn am” is one of the branching ridges of this mountain. Rock art extends from the mountainside to the top. These drawings date from the Bronze Age to the Middle Ages.
Баян-Өлгий аймгийн Улаанхус сумын Манантын хөндийн хадны зургийн дүр дүрслэлийн асуудалд
Authors: Золбаяр Гагаа
Published: January 2024

This article features a panel adorned with rock carvings discovered in the Manant Khondii valley within the Ulaankhus soum of Bayan-Olgii province. The panel exhibits a total of 19 discernible engraved figures, with the prominent representation being that of cattle featuring magnificently large, pointed horns. Notably, the plate portrays a distinct and rare image within the Mongolian Altai rock art tradition—a clearly visible line resembling a “road” or “borderline.”
Ногоон уулын бичээс
Authors: Azzaya Badam , Iderkhangai Tumur-Ochir , Amgalanbat Batdelger
Published: January 2024

Every year, in Mongolia, new runic inscriptions are discovered, and according to the latest data, a total of 193 monuments from 108 places have been documented. Only in 2023 were five new inscriptions found, which is a significant accomplishment for epigraphic research. This article will provide information on the II and III inscriptions found in 2023 as well as the first reading interpretations of the Nogoon Uul I inscription found in 2022. Located on the borders of Bor-Öndör and Darkhan soum in Khentii province, Nogoon Uul is site to a monument written in the old Turkic alphabet that was discovered in 2022 by a research team led by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Iderkhangai Tömör- Ochir. Based on the information provided by this team, during the examination of the inscription in 2023, two new inscriptions that had not been previously reported from this area were discovered by our project team. Acknowledgement: The research has received funding from the National University of Mongolia under grant agreement P2022-4373 and PROF. 2023-2737.
Хар балгасаас илэрсэн хүрэл ялтас дээрх руни бичээс
Authors: Баттулга Цэнд , Эрдэнэбат Уламбаяр
Published: January 2024

In 2019, the Mongolian-German Orkhon Expedition (MONDOrEx) discovered a bronze plate with runic inscriptions written in the ancient turkish language in the Karabalgasun of the Uyghur Empire (744/745-840) in Khotont Sum, Arkhangai Province, Mongolia. The inscription consists of two lines and a total of 9 letters, meaning “Qitan man’s [soldier] belt”. This find sample is an interesting new document in the study of the ancient Uyghur history and culture.
Орхоны Хар балгасаас олдсон Уйгур хаадын цол өргөмжлөх бичиг
Authors: Содномжамц Дамчаабадгар , Эрдэнэбат Уламбаяр , Franken Cristina , Батбаяр Төмөр-Очир , Rohland Hendrik
Published: January 2024

Material culture from archaeological excavations along with textual records form the basis for a better understanding of Nomadic steppe empires of the Middle Ages and their intercultural contacts. The Mongolian-German Orkhon Expedition (MONDOrEx) retrieved a fascinating collection of artefacts in Karabalgasun, the former capital of the Uyghur Empire (744/745-840). Among these artefacts, remnants of “jade books” were discovered. They are considered royal decrees for the coronation of Uyghur khans. These strips of stone are polished and inscribed with Chinese calligraphy, with the incised letters covered in gold. Originally, several of these strips were held together with gold wire, giving them the appearance of a traditional Chinese bamboo scroll. Chinese emperors used these precious gemstone scrolls during significant rituals. The discovery of these artifacts in Karabalgasun (Ordubaliq) highlights the strong affiliation between the Uyghur rulers and the Chinese imperial authority. This also bolsters the notion that the citadel held a significant political role, potentially as the Uyghur ruler’s palace. A total of 46 marble fragments with Chinese text were uncovered at the HB2 excavation location in the palace precinct of Karabalgasun. After examining the written sources detailing the history of East Asia in the 8th and 9th centuries, it is apparent that the Tang dynasty of China sent “title letters” to confirm the authority of their political partners, the Uyghurs. Analysis of Chinese inscriptions on these marble stones revealed four different inscription stages which vary by inscription size, content, and writing style. These include 1) letter for crowning Ch’ung-te as khan (821), 2) letter for re-crowning Ch’ung-te as khan (821), 3) letter for crowning Zhao-li as khan (825), and 4) letter for crowning an unknown individual as khan. The Karabalgasun citadel, where these inscriptions were discovered, underwent excavation between 2010 and 2018 under the auspices of the Mongolian- German Orkhon Expedition. The inscriptions repeatedly mentioning the names and titles of Uyghur khans indicate that the building complex was likely the royal palace. It is probable that the complex also served as an archive for important artefacts from the reign.
Дундад зууны монголчуудын алтан эмээлийн тухай
Authors: Эрдэнэбат Уламбаяр
Published: January 2024

The design and practical utilization of saddles dating to the Great Mongol Empire contain diverse cultural contexts. The adornment of the pommel displays motifs of vivid, free, spiritual, and mighty subject matters. The designs of intertwined floral patterns, twisted ropes, ‘horns,’ and scroll motifs, along with depictions of deer, rabbit, and horse, are the most favored themes for nomads but are rarely observed in other cultures. As the Mongols conquered and reigned by virtue of their horses, they worshipped these animals and adorned them with the best they had to offer. The extensive use of precious metals was meant to demonstrate their power and status. The origin of gold and silver-plated saddles dates back to the Khitan (Liao) Dynasty. According to researchers the smithery traditions and technology were sustained and advanced during the Great Mongol Empire. The saddles dating to this period were embellished with gold and silver plates on the pommel, cantle, saddle bars, gullet, and rear jockey, punctuated with precious stone inlays. Meanwhile, all the leather straps of the girth, breast collar, and cruppers were adorned with gold and silver plaques of the same design. Several 13th- and 14th-century gold and silver-plated saddles unearthed in Mongolia, Ukraine, Russia, and Inner Mongolia, China, were each distinct in design yet displayed the salient features and craftsmanship traditions of the Mongols. Dragon has been the symbol and insignia of prestige and the royal court in Oriental ideology. The embellishments on the pommel, gullet, and bars are symmetric with typical Mongolian decorative design. Judging from historical resources and archaeological finds, horse harness fittings made of gold and silver were of significance to the imperial Mongols. The relatively intact three saddles in Ayurzana Altangerel’s collection in Ulaanbaatar have been attributable to the imperial court of the Great Mongol Empire, considering their level of craftsmanship proficiency, production methods and techniques, as well as the frequency of dragon motifs with three and four claws and precious stone inlays, all of which exemplify the exotic taste of the steppe people. The gold and silver arts under the Great Mongol Empire initially employed the distinct nomadic taste, traditional customs, and material culture, and further developed into a cultural continuum of a world empire, articulating and acculturizing diverse religions and cultures of all the nations under its reign. Mongolia acquired more influences from foreign cultures in both material and intellectual development, yet the arts of nomadic Mongols manifested and served as the core and essence of this worldly phenomenon, reverberating in other parts of the world.
Нүүдэлчдийн хот суурин ба давхар хэрэмт байгууламжийн судалгаа (Дов дэрсийн турийн жишээн дээр)
Authors: Өлзийбаяр Содном , Уртнасан Энхбаяр
Published: January 2024

The ruins of the double-walled city in Mongolia were compared to the structure of the Dov Ders ruins on the southeast slope of Jargalant mountain in the Bayanmunkh soum area of Khentii Province, Mongolia, which is located to the east of Ulaanbaatar. Archeological evidence indicates that ancient Mongol states used the double-earth walls as a means of defense. We predict that the date of the ruins of Dov Ders may relate to the Mongol Empire period. The indication that ‘city 城郭 (chéngguō) has outer and inner earthen walls’ that were mentioned in ancient Chinese sources, could be the description of the double-walled structure found in Mongolia that covers a long period of history.
Угсаатны өвөрмөц байдлыг дахин төсөөлөх нь: Монгол улсын төрийн байгуулалт ба Хотон угсаатны ижилсэл
Authors: Хачинхүү Х , Өрнөхдэлгэр Дашзэвэг
Published: January 2024

people have chosen to identify themselves with various cultural identities. Based on Mongolian ethnic theories and policies, as well as the geographical location in which they reside, the many identity choices they make during the identification process are examined in terms of race, ethnicity, and community. “Khoton”, as their identity, has developed from being named by the “other” to a self-identified ethnic name and has a variety of cultural attributes. This study argues that the Khotons’ shared historical memory, production activities, and cultural practices are crucial to their identity. The Khotons, as a minority community, are subject to the state system and have taken no hold in their own survival and growth discourse. They are threatened by history and the passage of time, and in order to live and evolve, they must adapt and seek themselves by modifying their relationships with others and the state.
Буриад хурим дахь хадамд мордох басганы ёслол, үйлийн антропологийн судалгаа
Authors: Толон X
Published: January 2024

In Buryat wedding, the ceremony of basgan’s (bride’s) leaving to in-law is a ritual complex that takes place in three steps: the beginning – visiting relatives, the peak – basgan’s great celebration and the end – basgan’s leaving. In this case, theory of social transition ceremony from Van Gennep will be considered and applied. As the reflection of the Buryat social culture, the ceremony of basgan’s leaving has a unique meaning and expressive behavior. In this report, in addition to analyzing the process mentioned above, I clarified the meaning of this ceremony and the its features, roles, and importance by comparing the nomadic cultural Buryat basgan’s leaving ceremony and farming cultural Tujaa bride’s leaving ceremony, according to the theory of Franz Baos.
Pendampingan Sertifikasi Halal Melalui Program Sehati Bagi UMKM di Dusun Wareng Desa Kepek Kecamatan Saptosari
Authors: Fika Farhatur Robbi  , Maharani Annida , Jefriyanto Budikafa Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Halal certification is one of the requirements for importing, distributing and trading a product in Indonesian territory. In Wareng hamlet, there is one MSME group and two MSMEs that were formed individually, but their products are not yet labeled halal and do not have a business license registration number. The reason why Wareng hamlet MSMEs have not received halal certification for their products is a lack of knowledge and understanding regarding halal certification obligations. This year the government opened registration for the Halal certification program, namely the SEHATI Program. This service activity aims to provide outreach to increase knowledge and understanding regarding halal certification obligations for a product. Apart from that, this service provides assistance in applying for halal certification through the SEHATI program. This service method uses the Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) approach which focuses on asset-focused community development, namely developing Wareng hamlet MSME products so that their products receive halal certification. Results: MSMEs Wareng Hamlet have become more aware of the obligations of halal certification and have begun to apply for halal certification through the SEHATI program and currently the halal certification stage is in the process, taking two months.
Cinema do reencontro
Authors: Brasil André
Published: January 2024

Este ensaio parte das situações de “reencontro” em filmes-processo para sugerir um mapa, ainda em aberto, de cotejos entre Cabra marcado para morrer (assim como o filme subsequente A família de Elizabeth Teixeira) e a trilogia de Vincent Carelli (constituída por Corumbiara, Martírio e Adeus, Capitão). Toma-se, para tanto, as cenas de reencontro, seja entre pessoas, seja com as imagens de arquivo, para perceber afinidades e diferenças entre os trabalhos, caracterizando assim dois modos, entre outros tantos possíveis, de um cinema político no Brasil. Se no primeiro modo, tendo sua experiência interrompida, o filme se torna processo, no segundo, os processos, registrados ao longo de anos de militância, se tornam filmes. No primeiro, nascido nas ruínas do Golpe, o fragmento acusa um hiato e produz liames, elaborando a história por meio da dialética entre os dois termos; no segundo, nascido de processos de extermínio, o fragmento é enigma que move um trabalho de tradução e narração, sem deixar de guardar a opacidade da experiência narrada, o que provocaria alargar o conceito avaro e restrito de humanidade, tal como forjado pela modernidade ocidental.
"A ficção é o lugar mais humano possível… é o lugar da liberdade"
Authors: Mesquita Cláudia , Andrade Fábio , Medeiros Kamilla
Published: January 2024

Entrevista com Eduardo Moreira e Inês Peixoto, atores do Grupo Galpão, sobre o processo de realização de Moscou (Eduardo Coutinho, 2008), no qual Coutinho filma fragmentos de ensaios de As três irmãs, de Tchékhov, com os atores do grupo, sob direção teatral de Enrique Diaz. A abertura do processo, o papel de Eduardo Coutinho em sua condução, os jogos cênicos e workshops (pensados como um “subtexto” dos atores), e a entrada de Tchékhov no repertório do Galpão são alguns dos temas abordados.
Excêntrica estrutura
Authors: Guimarães Furtado Renato
Published: January 2024

Realizado a partir da gravação e remontagem de mais de 19 horas de material provenientes da grade televisiva da rede aberta nacional, Um Dia na Vida (2010) é uma obra que se destaca dentre a filmografia de Eduardo Coutinho. Seja pelo reaproveitamento e ressignificação de imagens televisivas, seja por não apresentar o traço característico do cinema conversacional do finado documentarista paulistano, este filme, exibido originalmente em 2010 e nunca lançado em circuito comercial por questões de copyright, mobiliza leituras múltiplas – inclusive do próprio cineasta, que preferia entender Um Dia na Vida como “coisa” ou “troço” antes de defini-lo como filme propriamente dito. Contudo, não almejamos penetrar nos meandros ontológicos, por assim dizer, da obra em questão, mas sim observar o que ela faz e como faz, em termos de suas materialidades. Para isto, a partir de revisão bibliográfica, examinaremos Um Dia na Vida à luz do conceito de cinema estrutural, cunhado por P. Adams Sitney, em 1969, e retomado e criticado por diversos autores desde então. Nisto, nosso objetivo não será defender uma potencial integração propriamente dita de Um Dia na Vida ao cânone do cinema estrutural, mas sim estabelecer pontos de contato entre a obra e algumas das principais características deste movimento de vanguarda, de modo a encontrar novos pontos de acesso a um dos mais singulares filmes de Eduardo Coutinho.
Eduardo Coutinho, Jacques Rancière e a elaboração do mundo sensível do anônimo
Authors: Eboli Nogueira Pedro Caetano
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo emprega o método da igualdade para justapor as práticas filosóficas de Jacques Rancière às práticas documentais do cineasta brasileiro Eduardo Coutinho. Observamos o ponto de inflexão, até certo ponto partilhado por ambos, que implicou no rompimento com os modos mais frequentes de atuação política no campo das esquerdas dos anos 1960 e que os levou a uma política envolvida na elaboração do mundo sensível do anônimo. Destacamos de que modo, após essa reformulação nos horizontes políticos de ambos, a palavra assume um papel central na trajetória do filósofo e do cineasta. Analisamos de que maneira o longa Cabra marcado para morrer (1984) representa um momento de virada na trajetória de Coutinho. A seguir, sublinhamos as operações temporais que regem a concepção do longa Peões (2004), em suas implicações ao papel desempenhado pelos anônimos entrevistados nesta ocasião. Demonstramos de que modo, em ambos, a tarefa política reside em uma desidentificação. Por fim, elucidamos as maneiras pelas quais tanto Eduardo Coutinho quanto Jacques Rancière se distanciam do devir pedagógico das imagens documentais, em que a política não se resume às mensagens veiculadas por elas, mas pelos reenquadramentos que são capazes de promover.
A transformação das imagens em Um dia na vida
Authors: Beaklini Renato , Leandro Anita
Published: January 2024

Este artigo analisa o filme Um dia na vida (Eduardo Coutinho, 2010), do ponto de vista da apropriação das imagens da televisão aberta brasileira. Veremos como essas imagens, expostas em sua materialidade, ou seja, sem intervenções importantes na forma como foram originalmente editadas pelos veículos de comunicação, uma vez deslocadas de seu meio de difusão habitual e inscritas num projeto propriamente cinematográfico, reaparecem no espaço contemporâneo com um sentido renovado. Partimos de um paralelo entre o método de desvio das imagens do espetáculo no filme de Coutinho e na obra de Guy Debord, afim de estabelecer suas respectivas diferenças e propor o aprofundamento do debate sobre o desvio, técnica de composição capaz de proporcionar ao espectador uma experiência ao mesmo tempo estética e política. Veremos também como as interrupções produzidas pela montagem de Um dia na vida, ao suscitarem um estranhamento em relação à linguagem televisiva, convidam-nos a uma leitura crítica da televisão. Para concluir, afirmamos que os procedimentos formais desse filme, tão radicais quanto minimalistas, operam, enfim, uma verdadeira conversão do fluxo televisivo em material de arquivo, uma transformação da liquidez da produção audiovisual em cristal de memória das imagens da TV.
Modos de atuação na “trilogia do palco”
Authors: Zaidan Granato Luíza , Guimarães Pedro
Published: January 2024

O artigo se debruça sobre as diferentes formas de atuação presentes no cinema documentário, tendo como objeto a obra de Eduardo Coutinho, em particular os filmes Jogo de Cena (2007), Moscou (2009) e As Canções (2011). Buscamos analisar a figura do ator profissional nos filmes de Coutinho traçando um paralelo com a participação dos atores não profissionais, protagonistas frequentes de sua obra. Cada um desses documentários carrega questões que se colocam desde a obra pregressa e, ao mesmo tempo, apontam para desdobramentos que ecoam no filme seguinte. Analisá-los em conjunto significa compreender o discurso que vai além de cada obra, delimitando a existência de uma trilogia que o pesquisador Fábio Andrade (2013) batizou de “trilogia do palco”, termo que tomamos de empréstimo neste artigo. É a essa fase final da cinematografia de Eduardo Coutinho que dedicaremos as análises, utilizando o campo dos estudos atorais no cinema, sobretudo James Naremore (1988) e Jacqueline Nacache (2012). Sendo assim, as ferramentas para compreender o jogo do ator e da atriz foram deslocadas para a investigação das formas de representação no domínio do documentário.
Characterizing Volcanic Ash Density and its Implications on Settling Dynamics
Authors: Lau Sing , Grainger Roy Gordon , Taylor Isabelle Alice
Published: January 2024

Volcanic ash clouds are carefully monitored as they present a
significant hazard to humans and aircraft. The primary tool for
forecasting the transport of ash from a volcano is dispersion modeling.
These models make a number of assumptions about the size, sphericity and
density of the ash particles. Few studies have measured the density of
ash particles or explored the impact that the assumption of ash density
might have on the settling dynamics of ash particles. In this paper, the
raw apparent density of 23 samples taken from 15 volcanoes are measured
with gas pycnometry, and a negative linear relationship is found between
the density and the silica content. For the basaltic ash samples,
densities were measured for different particle sizes, showing that the
density is approximately constant for particles smaller than 100 μm,
beyond which it decreases with size. While this supports the current
dispersion model used by the London Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC),
where the density is held at a constant (2.3 g cm),
inputting the measured densities into a numerical simulation of settling
velocity reveals a primary effect from the silica content changing this
constant. The VAAC density overestimates ash removal times by up to
18%. These density variations, including those varying with size beyond
100 μm, also impact short-range particle-size distribution measurements
and satellite retrievals of ash.
The possible connection of the large ozone hole in September 2023 with the Hunga Tonga volcanic eruption
Authors: Kozubek Michal , Krizan Peter , Ramatheerthan Sunil Kumar , Lastovicka Jan
Published: January 2024

Polar stratospheric chemistry is highly sensitive even to minor
disruptions in water vapor or temperature. Unusual behavior in
temperature and water vapor has been identified in the southern polar
winter stratosphere in 2023. The potential correlation between the
post-Hunga-Tonga eruption elevation of water vapor (detected in the
tropics), temperature changes, and ozone anomalies is under discussion,
as these parameters play a crucial role in stratospheric chemistry and
dynamics. In the winter of 2023 in the Southern Hemisphere, an
unexpected decrease in ozone levels and the emergence of a substantial
ozone hole were observed. This event marked one of the most significant
ozone decreases in the past 15 years, with an unusually large ozone hole
occurring during this period, and it appears to be at least partly
associated with the Hunga Tonga eruption.
A comparison of auroral oval proxies with the boundaries of the auroral electrojets
Authors: Walker Simon James , Laundal Karl , Reistad Jone Peter , Ohma Anders , Hatch Spencer Mark , Chisham Gareth , Decotte Margot
Published: January 2024

The boundaries of the auroral oval and auroral electrojets are an
important source of information for understanding the coupling between
the solar wind and the near-earth plasma environment. Of these two types
of boundaries the auroral electrojet boundaries have received
comparatively little attention, and even less attention has been given
to the connection between the two. Here we introduce a technique for
estimating the electrojet boundaries, and other properties such as total
current and peak current, from 1-D latitudinal profiles of the eastward
component of equivalent current sheet density. We apply this technique
to a preexisting database of such currents along the 105◦ magnetic
meridian producing a total of eleven years of 1 minute resolution
electrojet boundaries during the period 2000–2020. Using statistics and
conjunction events we compare our electrojet boundary dataset with an
existing electrojet boundary dataset, based on Swarm satellite
measurements, and auroral oval proxies based on particle precipitation
and field aligned currents. This allows us to validate our dataset and
investigate the feasibility of an auroral oval proxy based on electrojet
boundaries. Through this investigation we find the proton precipitation
auroral oval is a closer match with the electrojet boundaries. However,
the bimodal nature of the electrojet boundaries as we approach the noon
and midnight discontinuities makes an average electrojet oval poorly
defined. With this and the direct comparisons differing from the
statistics, defining the proton auroral oval from electrojet boundaries
across all local and universal times is challenging.
Rossby Wave Phase Speed Influences Heatwave Location through a Shift in Storm Track Position
Authors: Wicker Wolfgang , Harnik Nili , Pyrina Maria , Domeisen Daniela I.V.
Published: January 2024

Surface anticyclones connected to the ridge of an upper-tropospheric
Rossby wave are the dynamical drivers of mid-latitude summer heatwaves.
It is, however, unclear to which extent an anomalously low zonal phase
speed of the wave in the upper troposphere is necessary for persistent
temperature extremes at the surface. Here, we use spectral analysis to
estimate a categorical phase speed for synoptic-scale waves. A composite
analysis of ERA5 reanalysis data reveals how a meridional shift in the
Rossby wave packet envelope associated with a change in phase speed
alters the geographically phase-locked stationary wave pattern. In both
composites for amplified low or high phase speed waves, respectively,
the ridges and troughs of these temporal-mean wave trains show enhanced
and reduced heatwave frequency. The phase speed of synoptic-scale waves
is, hence, crucial for where, but less important for whether heatwaves
occur.
Multiscale CO budget estimates across South America: quantifying local sources and long range transport
Authors: Lichtig Pablo , Gaubert Benjamin , Emmons Louisa K. , Jo Duseong S. , Callaghan Patrick , Ibarra-Espinosa Sergio , Dawidowski Laura , Brasseur Guy P. , Pfister Gabriele G.
Published: January 2024

South America is a large continent situated mostly in the Southern
Hemisphere (SH) with complex topography and diverse emissions sources.
However, the atmospheric chemistry of this region has been historically
understudied. Here, we employ the Multi-Scale Infrastructure for
Chemistry and Aerosols, a novel global circulation model with regional
refinement capabilities and full chemistry, to explore the sources and
distribution of the carbon monoxide (CO) tropospheric column in South
America during 2019, and also to assess the effect that South American
primary emissions have over the rest of the world. Most of the CO over
South America can be explained either by NMVOC secondary chemical
production or by biomass burning emissions, with biomass burning as the
main explanation for the variability in CO. Biomass burning in Central
Africa is a relevant contributor to CO in all of the continent,
including the southern tip. Biogenic emissions play a dual role in CO
concentrations: they provide volatile organic compounds that contribute
to the secondary CO production, but they also destroy OH, which limits
the chemical production and destruction of CO. As a net effect, the
lifetime of CO is extended to ~120 days on average over
the Amazon, while still being in the range of 30-60 days in the rest of
South America.
The impact of transformations of the space of tenement houses on the architectural form of the building
Authors: Kozarzewska Alicja
Published: January 2024

The study examined transformations of tenement houses carried out by development companies conducting their investments in the city of Warsaw. The tenement houses that were originally erected in the second half of the 19th century or at the beginning of the 20th century and were renovated in the last 20 years, i.e. since 2003, were examined.

The results of the study showed the existence of four main types of transformations that affect the architectural form of buildings: changing the function of the ground floor from residential to commercial, adaptation/reconstruction of attics for residential purposes, superstructures and transformations of courtyards. The impact of individual transformations on the architectural form of space is described. These changes have been illustrated with examples of Warsaw projects.
Wielkość banku spółdzielczego a jego efektywność
Authors: Bagieński Stanisław , Socha Aleksandra
Published: January 2024

Celem badań była ocena efektywności banków spółdzielczych w zależności od ich wielkości. Próbę badawczą stanowiło 300 banków spółdzielczych zrzeszonych w Banku Polskiej Spółdzielczości. Wielkość banku określono za pomocą czterech cech: wartości aktywów ogółem, wartości kapitałów własnych, liczby placówek oraz liczby prowadzonych rachunków. Za pomocą punktowego wskaźnika kolejności zbudowano ranking banków, a następnie przy wykorzystaniu kwartyli wyodrębniono cztery grupy banków o podobnej wielkości. Efektywność oceniono za pomocą metody Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) w oparciu o modele BCC oraz CCR zorientowane na nakłady oraz wybrane wskaźniki efektywności. Zmiany produktywności w czasie oszacowano za pomocą indeksu Malmquista. Badania wykazały, że wśród badanych banków spółdzielczych najbardziej efektywne były te największe. Małe banki charakteryzowały się wyższą efektywnością niż średnie, ale mniejszą niż największe banki.
Valuation Mapping of Rural Areas in Central Turkey: A Model Proposal Case Study
Authors: O Aksu
Published: January 2024

In addition to the usual concerns that governments face, managing agriculture and agricultural areas is a significant issue. As a result, a country's agricultural production is highly dependent on its land potential. The transformation of agricultural areas into construction sites will be more attractive for the proprietors if they are not valued at their actual worth. This study applies and compares two different valuation methods, income and nominal land value approaches, to evaluate land in rural area, Cankiri Province, Catalelma Village, Central Turkey. In Turkey, income valuation method is typically applied for dealing with financial matters related to agricultural areas. On the other hand, one of the statistical methods, nominal valuation, was also used in the study area by applying the spatial analysis functions of geographical information system (GIS). In this study, four sample parcels representing three different land use capability classes (two irrigable, one medium, and one barren) were selected for comparison of two valuation methods. The results obtained during this research demonstrate that the nominal valuation approach produced more accurate results than the income method, and it may be used in the country's local administrative units due to available data.
Transformational Experiences Beyond Borders: Study Abroad and the Further Development of the Experience Impact Scale
Authors: Lundberg Neil , Lundberg Grant , Bown Jennifer , Grunvig Evan , Hill Brian
Published: January 2024

Study abroad has become a useful context to examine transformative experiences within the experience typology concept as developed by Duerden et al. (2018). Even more recent work has used study abroad to develop instruments for measuring experience types, such as the Experience Impact Scale (EIS, Lundberg et al., 2021). Initial results from the EIS suggest the need to continue clarifying the characteristics of each experience type. In particular, the transformative experience is of specific interest. The purpose of this study was to further examine transformative experiences as described by those defining their experience as such, and to gain additional insights into the issue of elapsed time and how that influences one’s description of an experience. To this end, a six-month follow-up and the use of an additional measure, the Experience Type Checklist (ETC), were used to further verify and potentially clarify the assumptions upon which the typology and subsequent measurement instruments have been developed.
Competitiveness and innovation of small and medium enter-prises under Industry 4.0 and 5.0 challenges: A comprehensive bibliometric analysis
Authors: Lewandowska Anna , Berniak-Woźny Justyna , Ahmad Naveed
Published: January 2024

Research background: In the context of Industry 4.0 and 5.0, competitiveness is intricately linked to innovativeness and ongoing technological advancements, posing a formidable challenge for countries and organizations aspiring to thrive in this environment. Within this framework, the significance of innovativeness is escalating, emerging as a crucial factor for the competitiveness of enterprises and economies alike.
Purpose of the article: The article aims to present the structure and dynamics of research on the competitiveness of SMEs shaped on the basis of their innovativeness to further guide both research and management practice.
Methods: This comprehensive bibliometric analysis delves into the Scopus database to uncover the leading authors, journals, and countries driving empirical research on SME competitiveness and innovation. The study utilizes the VosViewer software to graphically represent the overarching themes explored by researchers in this field. Additionally, an analysis of the selected articles identifies trends shaping the discourse on SME competitiveness and innovation. This multifaceted approach provides a holistic understanding of the current state of research in this domain, paving the way for future directions and insights.
Findings & value added: In this study, the authors conduct a comprehensive analysis of the current research landscape on SME competitiveness and innovation in the digital transformation era. By identifying key challenges, opportunities, and strategies for SMEs, our findings offer valuable guidance for researchers, policymakers, and SMEs themselves in navigating the complexities of the digital transformation landscape.
Has the COVID-19 pandemic affected the corporate financial performance? A case study of Slovak enterprises
Authors: Valaskova Katarina , Gajdosikova Dominika , Lazaroiu George
Published: January 2024

Research background: The corporate debt situation can be considered a crucial factor influencing the future development of the financial performance of the firm. It is essential for every business entity to know its financial health, its strengths and weaknesses, and how its business has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and all the changes it has brought. Purpose of the article: The main aim of this paper is to explain and quantify the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, analyze changes in the growth of crucial determinants, and identify new trends in Slovak enterprises throughout the monitored period of 2018‒2021. Methods: Hence, a statistically significant difference between the individual indicators due to the period in which the firms achieved these values was determined using the Friedman test. It determined whether the average values of the financial indicators remained constant over the period under review (the years 2018 and 2019 are considered pre- COVID-19 years, while 2020 and 2021 are years when the globe was already being impacted by the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic) or whether the individual values of the indicators differed significantly. Findings & value added: Considering that there are statistically significant differences in the indicators of self-financing ratio, current indebtedness ratio, and equity leverage ratio in all monitored periods except for the years 2020 and 2021, where the average values of these debt indicators are the same, the results indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic also negatively impacted the indebtedness of Slovak enterprises. Although this research paper, focusing on the financial performance of the firms in the post-pandemic period, is pioneering in Slovakia, the biggest contribution of the study is the application of the latest information, which could help in more precise monitoring of corporate financial stability and debt policy during the current challenging period. The obtained results provide important universal guidelines for building financial strategies improving long-term financial resilience of enterprises.
ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METAL IN CHINESE WATERCHEST-NUT (Eleocharis dulcis Burm.f.) Trin. Ex Hensch.) IN PHYTOREMEDIA-TION OF COAL ACID MINE WATER ON CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS.
Authors: Juswardi Juswardi , Tanzerina Nina , Junaidi Endri
Published: January 2024

The coal open mining is an activity that has an impact on the environment, including acid mine drainage (AMD). The management of AMD can be done by phytoremediation using Chinese Waterchestnut (Eleocharis dulcis Burm.f.) Trin. ex Hensch.) on system of constructed wetlands (CWs). So the research was carried out with the aim of evaluation the accumulation of heavy metals iron (Fe) and Manganese (Mn) which were absorbed in E. dulcis in constructed wetlands system at WTP Air Laya PT. Bukit Asam. The accumulation of Fe in the roots of E. dulcis was 986.42 ppm (w/w) while the accumulation of Fe in the leaves was 392.22 ppm (w/w). The accumulation of Mn in the roots of E. dulcis was 24.49 ppm (w/w), while the accumulation of Mn in the shoots was 96.83 ppm (w/w). E. dulcis is known to have the potential to increase AMD pH and reduce levels of Fe, Mn and SO42- so that it can meet the quality standards of coal mining activity wastewater. The accumulation of Fe and Mn in the roots and shoots of E. dulcis and on AMD can be used as an effort to monitor the success of AMD phytoremediation on Constructed Wetlands system at WTP Air Laya.
DAMPAK BAHASA IBU TERHADAP PROSES PEMBELAJARAN KELAS II DI SDN X ANDALEH BARUH BUKIK
Authors: Rahmadani Novreza , Safrizal Safrizal , Fadriati Fadriati
Published: January 2024

Abstrak: Manusia merupakan makhluk social yang melakukan interaksi dengan manusia lainnya. Alat komunikasi yang digunakan yaitu bahasa berupa lambang bunyi dengan alat ucap manusia. Bahasa yang digunakan dapat berbeda-beda hal ini dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan dan kebudayaan setempat. Namun terdapat bahasa resmi kenegaraan yaitu Bahasa Indonesia sebagai bahasa nasional, termasuk kedalam bahasa pengantar dalam bidang Pendidikan.  Penelitian ini di latar belakangi karena adanya perbedaan Bahasa yang digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran yaitu Bahasa ibu (bahasa daerah) dan bahasa indonesia. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dampak yang akan terjadi dari adanya perbedaan Bahasa yang digunakan saat pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis metode kualitatif dengan informan dalam penelitian adalah guru kelas 2, siswa kelas 2 sebanyak 1 orang dan kepala sekolah yang dipilih dengan Teknik purposive sampling. Dalam mengumpulkan data peneliti menggunakan alat bantu seperti kamera handphone, pedoman wawancara dan catatan lapangan. Data dianalisis menggunakan Teknik Miles and Huberman dengan tahap pengumpulan data, reduksi data, display data dan kesimpulan. Untuk menjamin keabsahan data yang diperoleh, peneliti melakukan triangulasi Teknik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa dampak penggunaan Bahasa ibu dalam pembelajaran yaitu guru kesulitan dalam membentuk Bahasa Indonesia pada siswa sebagai Bahasa nasional yang baik dan benar. Dampak bagi siswa yaitu siswa mengalami lamban menulis karena kurang menguasai kosa kata Bahasa Indonesia yang tertera pada buku pelajaran. Dampak lainnya bagi siswa yaitu kekeliruan saat menjawab Latihan soal yang diberikan oleh guru karena siswa menjawab soal menggunakan Bahasa ibu. Hal tersebut sudah merusak tatanan bahasa indoneisa.
PERTENTANGAN KELAS SOSIAL DALAM MASYARAKAT BELITONG PADA NOVEL LASKAR PELANGI KARYA ANDREA HIRATA: ANALISIS TEORI MARXISME
Authors: Laksono Prayitno Tri , Romadhon Sahrul , Sugerman Sugerman
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya kesenjangan sosial yang kontras atau stratifikasi soial dalam novel Laskar Pelangi karya Andrea Hirata. Tidak sedikit simbol perlawanan kelas yang menonjolkan perjuangan kelas kaum bawah dalam menghadapi kaum penguasa di tengah masyarakat Belitong. Tema pertentangan kelas sosial dalam karya tersebut sekaligus sebagai cermin moral dan sosial masyarakat Belitong di era 1970-an. Menelaah novel Laskar Pelangi dari perspektif teori sastra Marxis diharapkan dapat mengungkap pertentangan kelas sosial yang keras dalam kelompok masyarakat Belitong. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Data penelitian ini berupa kalimat-kalimat deskripsi, narasi, serta dialog antartokoh di dalam novel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam novel Laskar Pelangi antara kaum borjuis dan proletariat. Strata kelas kaum borjouis adalah segelintir masyarakat yang bekerja pada PN Timah dan mayoritas bukan orang asli Belitong. Sementara itu, strata kelas kaum proletariat adalah masyarakat asli Belitong yang tidak memiliki kewenangan lebih dalam mengelola hasil timah di wilayahnya sendiri.
Digestive system, femur and tibia bone characteristics of Dworka and Pekin ducks
Authors: Włodarczyk Karol , Kokoszyński Dariusz , Zwierzyński Rafał , Wegner Marcin , Grabowicz Małgorzata , Banaszewska Dorota , Saleh Mohamed
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study was to determine traits of the digestive system and femur and tibia bone of Dworka and Pekin ducks. A study was conducted on 24 Dworka duck (breeding strain D11) carcasses and 24 Pekin duck (conservative strain P9) carcasses, 12 male carcasses and 12 female carcasses from each strain. The lengths of the intestinal segments were tape measured. The diameters of the intestinal segments and leg bone dimensions were measured with an electronic calliper. The results obtained differed by genotype and sex for internal organ weights (Dworka male ducks in general had heavier organs), for the length of intestinal segments (Dworka male ducks had longer some intestinal segments), while for bones the results obtained were similar, regardless of genotype and sex. Dworka and Pekin ducks of both sexes differ in the weight of their some internal organs, the length and diameter of their intestinal segments and dimensions of their bones. This may be due to different growth rates of selected ducks (D11 Dworka) and non-selected ducks (P9 Pekin).