bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of heat treatment on bio-corrosion rate of steel structure (API 5L) in marine evironment
Authors: Pratikno Herman , Titah Harmin Sulistiyaning , Syahputra Bima Ero Dwi
Published: September 2018

One of the cause of corrosion is the attachment of bacteria or commonly called as bio-corrosion or Microbial Influenced Corrosion (MIC). This aim of the research was to determine effect of heat treatment process on the bio-corrosion rate of API 5L steel. The treatments were namely, without heat treatment as a control, and with the heat treatment (austempering process). The austenizing process was conducted before the austempering process. All specimens without and with the heat treatment were be used on bio-corrosion test. The bio-corrosion testing was conducted with immersion corrosion test method with artificial seawater salinity of 35‰. Three of species bacteria were be used, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. The result showed the corrosion rate on API 5L steel without bacteria was 2.7558 mpy, but it reached 3.4273, 3.6062 and 3.7699 mpy after addition with E. coli, P. fluorescens, and T. ferrooxidans, respectively. It was indicating that bacteria can accelerate the corrosion rate. The highest bio-corrosion rate due to T. ferrooxidans without heat treatment process was 3.7699 mpy. Meanwhile, the bio-corrosion rate due to T. ferrooxidans with austempering process was 3.5046 mpy. It was indicating that heat treatment can decrease the bio-corrosion rate.
Cyclic voltammetry in electrochemical oxidation of amoxicillin with Co(III) as mediator in acidic medium using Pt, Pt/Co and Pt/Co(OH)2electrodes
Authors: Herlina H. , Zulfikar Muhammad Ali , Buchari B.
Published: September 2018

Amoxicillin is one of penicillin antibiotic groups with active β-lactam which the presence in surface water and wastes not only affects water quality but also causes long-term adverse effects on ecosystems and human health due to their resistance to natural biodegradation. The processing of organic waste electrochemically has the advantages of cheap and efficient cost, waste gas that does not contain toxic and hazardous materials. Have been studied the process of amoxicillin electro-oxidation mediated by a cobalt (III) in a cyclic voltammetry study using a platinum, Pt/Co(OH)2and Pt/Co as working electrodes in acidic medium HNO3and H2SO4as supporting electrolytes solution. The voltammogram of Pt, Pt/Co and Pt/Co(OH)2electrodes showed that higher current was found in medium of HNO30.1 M and it can be used to oxidize the amoxicillin wastes, the two anodic and cathodic peaks can be observed at potential of 200-800 mV (vs Ag/AgCl). The presence of cobalt (III) ions in the system caused the decrease of oxidation current, indicated the presence of degradation to amoxicillin.
Microsatellite analysis of the mating system of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Kandelia obovata
Authors: Basyuni Mohammad , Baba Shigeyuki , Oku Hirosuke , Wati Ridha , Fitri Annisa
Published: September 2018

Microsatellite loci were used for estimating mating system for three populations ofB. gymnorrhizaandK. obovata(Rhizophoracea) in Okinawa, Japan. Mother trees and thirty offspring of individual samples representing the population of both species were genotyped at five microsatellites. The mating system was examined using two approaches: a mixed mating model of multilocus testing, implemented by MLTR program and outcrossing rate from the level of inbreeding. Mating system analysis showed multilocus outcrossing rates (tm) for both species was 0.850-1.000 and 0.780-0.938 respectively. By contrast, according to inbreeding level, tm was lower than MLRT: 0.495-1.028 and 0.480-0.612 of both species respectively. However, biparental inbreeding (tm- ts) was diverse from zero both species for all three populations, showing that cross-fertilization events may ensue between the relatives both species. This data as well means the genetic relatedness (r) forB. gymnorrhizaandK. obovatawere 0.108±0.025 and 0.032±0.09 respectively. Average relatedness was below 0.25, the value for a half-sib relationship. These results suggest that postulation of a half-sib relationship among progeny of open-pollinated families is opposed for both mangrove tree species.
Search for polyisoprenoids in the flowers and fruits of selected coastal plants using two-dimensional thin layer chromatography
Authors: Basyuni Mohammad , Wati Ridha , Prabuanisa Astrid Nur , Kusuma I Komang Tri Wijaya , Hamiuddin Hamiuddin , Guntur Guntur , Sagami Hiroshi
Published: September 2018

Coastal plants are recognized to yield secondary metabolites including polyisoprenoid alcohols. Coastal plants have been shown to have biological and phytochemical activities. The present study reports the search for polyisoprenoids composition from flowers and fruits of selected coastal plants,Amorphophallus paeoniifolius, Guettarda speciosa, andJatropha curcas. A two-dimensional thin layer chromatography (2D-TLC) was used to analyse the composition and occurrence of polyisoprenoid alcohols (polyprenols and dolichols) in coastal plants. The distribution of polyprenols and dolichols in the flowers and fruits were detected and classified into one type only, type-II. Type-II, having the presence of both polyprenols and dolichols, was found in all samples investigated: in the flowers and fruits ofA. paeoniifolius, G. spiciosa, andJ. curcas. It is interesting to note that no dominating dolichols over polyprenols (type-I) or predominance polyprenol over dolichols (type-III) detected in this study. The present study, therefore, suggested the diversity of polyisoprenoids in the generative tissues of tropical coastal plants.
Correlation between total lymphocyte counts and CD4 among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients
Authors: Darmana I M S , Rusni N W , Masyeni S
Published: September 2018

Although the CD4+ T-lymphocyte is considered the best HIV disease progression marker, in underdevelopment countries the measurement of CD4 is remaining a problem due to high expense and less availability of the tool. In contrast with the total lymphocyte count (TLC) that is widely available and less expensive is another way to assess the HIV disease progression. This study was an observational study to identify the correlation between CD4 cell count and TLC in HIV infected patient at Sanjiwani Hospital Bali during May through June 2016. A total of 33 serum sample was enrolled in the study. The TLC number was around 300-10.300 cells/μL and the mean TLC was 2.018,18 cells/μL (SD 1.871,91 cells/μL) Result showed that there is correlation between TLC and CD4 (r=0.811; p = 0.000). In conclusion, the TLC can therefore adequately serve as a surrogate marker for CD4 in HIV infected patient in order to ART initiation or to assess disease progression.
Frame modal analysis for an electric three-wheel vehicle
Authors: Arifurrahman Faizal , Indrawanto Indrawanto , Budiman Bentang Arief , Sambegoro Poetro Lebdo , Santosa Sigit Puji
Published: September 2018

The alternative electric vehicle for delivery (E-Trike) is a developing three-wheel electric vehicle for goods delivery. Small size and its three-wheel mobility are required for flexible manoeuvrability on urban space due to traffic, parking and alley road. In this study, three different Alpha frames (Alpha-0, Alpha-1, and Alpha-2) of E-Trike vehicle are analysed using numerical simulation LS-DYNA. This study is conducted to obtain the modal response E-Trike vehicle. Eigenvalues of dynamics properties are investigated to avoid a resonance on excitation frequency. LS-DYNA implicit simulation used for simulating quadrangular shell element for the surface geometry of the frames. Boundary conditions are applied to the steering and suspension joints represent the real field. The result shows the amplitudes and the natural frequencies of Alpha frames. Bending mode and torsion mode can be determined. Based on the simulation, there is a pattern of vibration modes. Alpha-2 which is the latest version of three configurations has better response on vibration modes. There is about 3% reduction of vibration amplitude at Alpha-2 than Alpha-0 and Alpha-1. Natural frequency response for each mode occurs at similar range. Furthermore, a shifted natural frequency of Alpha-2 combination mode occurs due to addition of the stretched frame.
Determining the energy demand towards sustainable machining of AISI 316L stainless steel
Authors: Nur Rusdi , Sabir Asmeati , Suyuti Muhammad Arsyad , Salam Abdul
Published: September 2018

Minimizing the energy demand of machining operations has become mainly in the manufacturing field; encouraged by the significantly increase in the energy cost and the environmental effects due to high levels of energy demand. The energy consumed to cutting operation in turning process was divided into two sections, i.e. the energy used to setup machine and the energy consumed to cutting process. The total energy demand of machining process can be estimated with prediction equations based on material removal rate (MRR) and cutting force. This paper aims to promote an approach to predict and calculated the total energy demand of cutting operation performing the sustainable in turning process. The results presented that the estimated of energy demand values are almost similar to the actual values about 7.3 percent than the actual energy demand.
Effect of indirect lightning strike to 66kV transmission line in Java-Bali system
Authors: Adi Kusuma Aristo , Aditya Pramana Putu Agus , S.D.A. Harsono Brian Bramantyo , Sofiarto Munir Buyung
Published: September 2018

Based on Java-Bali grid disturbance data, the 66kV transmission lines that is close to or intersect with 150kV or 500kV transmission line is often experienced earth fault due to insulator flashover. The insulator flashover can be caused by indirect lightning strike since lightning strikes tend to strike higher structure. Therefore, this paper will determine the effect of indirect lightning strike on 150kV or 500kV transmission line to 66kV transmission line by modeling and simulation using application of transient analysis. Variation of lightning peak current magnitude and gap between 66kV transmission line and transmission line with higher voltage is performed during simulation. The range of peak current magnitude follows the data from lightning detection systems, while the value of gap follows the data from actual condition. It is found that higher current peak and closer gap will cause higher transient overvoltage on insulator of 66kV transmission line thus insulator flashover may occur more frequent. Addition of earth wire on 66kV transmission line and gap between each transmission by organizing the sag of conductor can be performed to minimize the insulator flashover.
Investigation of transformer failure in Indonesia
Authors: Harsono Brian Bramantyo S.D.A. , Kusuma Aristo Adi , Munir Buyung Sofiarto , Priambodo Nur Widi
Published: September 2018

Transformer failure investigation is important to obtain necessary actions which prevent similar failure from happening in the future. An investigation was conducted upon the failure of a transformer in Indonesia which damaged substation apparatuses nearby. To determine possible cause of the failure, the investigation was performed by doing visual inspection after failure, further analysis on related historical assessment result data and simulation using related nameplate and actual configuration. Most historical assessment result data showed no early failure indication of the transformer, while sweep frequency response analysis (SFRA) test result showed severe deformation on both primary and secondary winding. A simulation using Transient Analysis Program for internal short circuit between winding and ground was conducted and the output waveform was identical to Digital Fault Recorder (DFR) waveform data during transformer failure. Therefore, the possible cause of transformer failure was internal arcing on primary winding to ground which could not be interrupted by the protection system. According to visual inspection after failure, the possible cause of protection system malfunction was accidental open circuit in Current Transformer (CT) secondary circuit which damaged whole CT wiring.
Implementation of raindrops energy collector board using piezoelectric transducer
Authors: Defiyani Eka , Pangaribuan Porman , Darlis Denny
Published: September 2018

Indonesia is a country that has a fairly high rainfall, because it is located in the tropical area. This condition could be a potential for generating electrical energy from raindrops. If the heavy raindrop collide the piezoelectric materials, it can generate electrical energy. The piezoelectric effect was discovered by Jacques and Pierre Curie in 1880. They found that certain materials, when subjected to mechanical strain, suffered an electrical polarization that was proportional to the applied strain. This piezoelectric effect converts mechanical strain into electrical voltage. The molecular structure of piezoelectric materials produces a coupling between electrical and mechanical domains. In this research, raindrops will be exploited to produce electric voltage by piezoelectric transducer. Piezoelectric transducer used in this research is Lead Zirconate Titanate type. Energy conversion processing occurred when raindrop collide the polymer layer of piezoelectric and make an unelastic thrust on its surface. The designed system consists of raindrops collector board and serial connected piezoelectric transducer. From system above, highest voltage, reach is 3.13 VAC for 30 piezoelectric and the average voltage is 2.617 V. This results show us the potential usage of raindrops energy generator using piezoelectric transducer for tropical countries.
Parameters identification BLDC motor: Instrumentations and transfer functions
Authors: Anshory Izza , Robandi Imam , Wirawan Wirawan
Published: September 2018

One of the steps that must be taken in optimizing the speed control of the Brushless DC motor (BLDC) Motor is to mathematically model. The purpose of this research is to get the mathematical modeling of BLDC motor with 350 watts of power in the form of transfer function. The method used to obtain the transfer function is to identify the input and output data. The identification is done by designing and placing current sensors, voltages and motor speeds in the prototype BLDC motor speed control. The measured input data includes current and voltage, while the output data is the engine speed (RPM). By adjusting the pulse width modulation value (PWM), a change in the speed of the BLDC motor is affected. From the process of research in the form of instrumentation on hardware prototype and simulation with application program Matlab System Identification Toolbox (SIT), successfully obtained mathematical modeling in the form of transfer function.
Inverter using powerbank as power source with pure sine wave output
Authors: Wicaksono Muhammad Arif , Estananto Estananto
Published: September 2018

The current factory-generated inverters, typically use high power sources or energy sources, with a minimum input voltage of 12VDC, 24VDC, 48VDC with an effective voltage output of 220 VAC with a frequency of 50Hz/60Hz. These power sources are usually obtained from starting battery or deep-cycle battery. The problem of inverter currently that portable inverter using a low power source with a sine wave output is not available. So in this research conducted inverter design using power source/ energy source from powerbank 5 VDC 16000 mAh with 50 Hz 40 Vpp sine wave output. Inverter design method in this final project research based on simulation which used LTspice application. And in this inverter system, have been decided to using MOSFET as switching and using h-bridge as inverter topology, because MOSFET has high efficiency compared with BJT or J-FET. This final project research is expected to be an inverter using powerbank resources and become a portable inverter so in the future can be used for loads that require sinusoidal signals such as electric stoves, and can be used also for climbing purposes.
Corrosion rate of AA 7050 in 3.5% NaCl environment with sodium chromate (Na2CrO4) inhibitor variation
Authors: Wulandari Pramesti A D , Ilman M Noer
Published: September 2018

Aluminium alloy 7050 is widely used for aerospace applications due to its excellent mechanical properties. However, when the airplane is operated and exposed by the corrosive environment, alumina layer of aluminium is not thick enough to provide protection. Therefore, corrosion protection method in the airplane needs to be improved. In the recent experiments, corrosion process in the airplane could be inhibited by corrosion inhibitors that are mixed with a protective coating. In this current study, the effect of sodium chromate inhibitor on the corrosion rate of aluminium alloy AA 7050 has been investigated. The 7050 aluminium alloys in this experiment were machined into specimens for the tensile test, hardness test, corrosion test and metallographic examination. The corrosion test was performed in 3.5% NaCl solution containing 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7% sodium chromate inhibitor and the results have been compared with the corrosion rate in 3.5% NaCl solution as reference. The tensile test results showed that the ultimate and yield strength were 527.36 MPa and 481.42 MPa. Hardness test results were 175.36 VHN on the short transverse plane, 164.43 VHN on the long transverse plane, and 164.23 VHN on the longitudinal plane. This experimental study can be concluded that the corrosion rate of material decreases with increasing of Na2CrO4 concentration in the solution.
Cure characteristics, swelling behaviour and tensile properties of carbon black-filled Natural Rubber (NR)/Chloroprene Rubber (CR) blends in the presence of alkanolamide
Authors: Surya Indra , Ginting Mimpin , Ismail Hanafi
Published: September 2018

The cure characteristics, swelling behaviour and tensile properties of carbon black (CB)-filled natural rubber (NR)/chloroprene rubber (CR) blends in the presence of alkanolamide (ALK) were investigated. The NR/CR blends were prepared at 50/50 blend ratio. The ALK was prepared from Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Stearin (RBDPS) and diethanolamine and added into the CB-filled NR/CR blends as a rubber additive. The ALK loadings were 0.0, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 and 7.0 phr. It was found that the ALK exhibited shorter scorch and cure times and higher elongation at break of the CB-filled NR/CR blends. The ALK also exhibited higher torque differences, tensile modulus and tensile strength up to 5.0 phr of ALK and then decreased with further increases in the ALK loading. The swelling test proved that the 5.0 phr loading of ALK caused the highest degree in crosslink density of the CB-filled NR/CR blends.
Potential of biomass residues from oil palm agroindustry in Indonesia
Authors: Rahayu Dwi Ermawati , Nasarani Dutarama , Hadi Wahyono , Wrjodirjo Budisantoso
Published: September 2018

Oil Palm agroindustry is growing rapidly in Southeast Asia especially Indonesia and Malaysia. Based on GAPKI data, Indonesia's CPO production 2017 is 38.17 million tons and PKO of 3.05 million tons. Production activities in palm oil agro-industry in addition to producing PKO and CPOl produce solid waste from the plantation and palm oil mill, Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) from the palm oil mill. The biomass waste of oil palm agro-industry comes from activities in plantations in the form of midrib, leaves and palm tree trunks. While from the palm oil mill produced solid waste in the form of palm kernel shells (PKS), mesocarp fibers (MF) and empty fruit bunches (EFB). The waste is classified as biomass residue that can be utilized so that it has added value. Biomass potential in Indonesia can be estimated from the productivity of oil palm. The volume of biomass is 5,5-8%, empty bunches 20-23%, palm fronds 13.5-15%, 15% palm fiber from 1 ton of fresh fruit bunches. The total potential of oil palm solid waste biomass in Indonesia 2017 is 20.07 million tons and POME is 23.7 million tons. The largest distribution of biomass is in Riau, North Sumatra, South Sumatra province.
Bioethanol production from mixed culture microalgae biomass with temperature hydrolysis variation
Authors: Juliarnita I Gede Aditya , Hadisoebroto Rositayanti , Rinanti Astri
Published: September 2018

This preliminary study aims to exploit the biomass of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris; Scenedesmus obliquus; and Chlorococcum sp. in the form of a mixed culture as raw material of alternative fuels. Microalgae were cultivated in the artificial growth medium of PHM (Provasoli Haematococcus Media) for 9 days to reach the exponential phase. Hydrolysis was carried out at a temperature variation of (oC) 25; 80; 100; 120; 140; 160 within 30 minutes by adding hydrochloric acid. Biomass fermentation by adding 50% (v/v) Saccharomyces cerevisiae for 5 day to produce alcohol compounds. The last stage is separation of the alcohol compounds from another compounds by distillation. The result showed that carbohydrate levels with color change indicator in luff schoorl solution at hydrolysis and fermentation stages severely were 12.20 mg/L. Carbohydrate levels in fermentation stage produced 17% (v/v) alcohol compounds while in the distillation stage, 98% (v/v) alcohol will be separated into intermediate compounds such as linoleic acid and methyl alcohol as a characteristic of bioethanol. At 80oC of hydrolysis temperature, 58% bioethanol was produced. Further research is needed, since the preliminary study proves the mixed culture of microalgae is potentially to be utilized in producing bioethanol.
Correlation of physics and chemical factors on phytoplankton distribution pattern in North Sunter Reservoir, Jakarta
Authors: Juliastutie Claudia , Rinanti Astri , Hendrawan Diana
Published: September 2018

This study aims to determine the condition of the waters of the North Sunter Reservoir through the distribution pattern of phytoplankton and the influence of the physical and chemical aspects of the waters on the presence of phytoplankton. The study was conducted from August 2017 to January 2018 with 12 sampling points. Phytoplankton sampling was performed vertically on two different segments each with a depth range of 0-1.9 meters and 1.9-3.9 meters using planktonet number 25. Research shows that phytoplankton can live on the bottom of the reservoir with little sunlight conditions due to the large concentration of nitrate and phosphate. The abundance of phytoplankton in segment 1 (7,104-219,820 cells/L) and segment 2 (9,771-132,313 cells/L) consisted of 4 phyla namely Cyanophyta (8 genera), Chrysophyta (10 genera), Chlorophyta (16 genera), and Euglenophyta (4 genera). The index of the diversity of phytoplankton in segment 1 (1.22-2.39) and segment 2 (1.14-2.13), everness index on segment 1 (0.47-0.85) and segment 2 (0.45-0.85), dominance index in segment 1 (0.12-0.76) and on segment 2 (0.16-0.52). The distribution of phytoplankton in North Sunter Reservoir is uniformly distributed by current and nutrients. This research serves as an adjunctive decision-making factor over the appropriate follow-up management methods.
Storage design using Fast moving, Slow moving and Non moving (FSN) analysis
Authors: Tambunan Mangara M , Syahputri Khalida , Rizkya Indah , Sari Rahmi M , Cahyo Muhammad D
Published: September 2018

Storage location assignment is related to the problem in warehousing management. The purpose of this paper is to gain storage allocations of goods in a warehouse based on the fast moving, slow moving and non moving (FSN) analysis as the determination of the allocation of storage based on items popularity that is stored in a warehouse. The method used for the research are fast moving, slow moving, non moving (FSN) and dedicated storage. The analysis can be used to determine the location for goods storage will allocated closer to loading area. Goods with fast moving categories allocated close to to loading area, slow moving items allocated next to fast moving items and nonmoving items allocated next to slow moving items which the farthest location from loading area. The concept of dedicated storage also applied to give a specific location for goods storage. The fast moving category items is 11,4% and requiring 86.31 m2 area. The slow moving category is 47,8% and requiring 34.86 m2 area. The non moving category is 40,8% and requiring 50.04 m2 area so that the total area needed is 171.21 m2.
Assembly line balancing in an electronics company using simulation approach
Authors: Syahputri Khalida , Leviza Jelly , Sari Sari , Indah Rizkya T , Napitupulu Humala , Anizar Anizar
Published: September 2018

One of the efforts company did continuously to compete was to reduce waste or anything that is not adding value to products such as waiting activity that cause unbalance of workload between workstations on a production path. This condition resulted in idle work station, accumulation of intermediate goods, and low work station utility. Companies finds an unbalance workload. This work station are apparently have to wait in a given time after workstations does behind it finished. For that reason, this study aims to balance the workload between workstations and increase the company production capacity. This research uses simulation approach by modelling the initial production with software promodel and evaluate performance the the initial production with an indicator current content, output, and average time in operation. The performance of the initial production line model was the smoothness index of 2007.5, the current content of 10 units, the output of 34 units, and the average time in operation of 35.19 minutes. The alternative model of the selected production trajectory is due to excel in four track performance factors is lowest current content (1 unit), highest output (48 units), lowest smoothness index (461,8) and highest production capacity (9,12 unit/hour).
Design of pokayoke system on the process of mounting actuator bracket based on programmable logic controller in automotive manufacturing industry
Authors: Ardi Syahril , Nurdin Muhammad Abdul Rahman , Ponco Agus
Published: September 2018

This research was conducted in automotive manufacturing industry company in Indonesia. There is one Key Performance Index that needs to be fixed, that is the process mounting actuator bracket. The type of trouble that can occur on the actuator bracket is on the quality of the mounted bracket. The bracket mounting process is carried out using three bolts on each side which must be mounted with a predetermined torque value of 5.4 Nm. Manually process can cause bolt on one side or more. Based on data from the Quality Assurance network, the process diagnostic table or tightening has shown less optimal installation process of actuator bracket on actuator brake in Jundate Trimming. The absence of line stop detection on a jig can cause a torque process error on one or more bolts. We modify the mechanical design of the pokayoke system. While the jig design is not modified there is only the addition of clamp systems that serves to determine the position of the work piece, proximity sensor as a detector work piece, and push button as a button to distinguish the work piece between ABS work piece and VSC on jig. This pokayoke system is based on Programmable Logic Controller control. This pokayoke system design prevents the occurrence of damaged bolts on screw threads when mounting an imperfect actuator bracket.
The controlling and monitoring system in oyster mushroom cultivation using fuzzy logic through web technology integrated with Internet of Things
Authors: Sulistyanto Muhammad Priyono Tri , Harianto Wahyudi , Nugroho Danang Adi , Retandi Rio Eka , Akbar Aji Kusuma , Tjahjanti Prantasi Harmi
Published: September 2018

Application of intelligent system technology can help human work, especially in this case to support oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) cultivation. In mushroom treatment, it needs to water this mushroom periodically using clean water to keep the humidity and temperature suitable. Oyster mushroom can grow and develop with temperature in range 15 to 30 degree Celcius and relative humidity in range 80 to 90 percent's. Farmer's still water mushrooms manually depending on their feeling. The proposed system utilizes Fuzzy Logic to control temperature and humidity as parameter inputs by spraying waters in some duration as output in fuzzy logic. This system as well can monitor those parameters and send them to server computer periodically and do spraying from smartphone that is connected to this server by Internet of Things technology.
The River Settlement: Tree House as a solution safe from floods
Authors: Nabillah Vera Nur , Intasan Azka , Destikarani Esti , Barliana M. Syaom
Published: September 2018

Flood is a natural disaster that occurs due to human behavior itself is less loving environment. One area that has been known to the public as flood-prone areas is Dayeuh Kolot located in the southern region of Bandung. Many factors that cause the occurrence of natural disasters flood. The purpose of this study is to obtain safe residential solutions from flood disasters that can be applied around the upper watershed of Citarum River. Data collection process is done by analyzing secondary data obtained from journals, online media, and related institutions.
Open and Flowing: The Design of an Interactive Space at the Marketplace
Authors: Prajawisastra Alfansyah Fauzy , Aryanti Tutin , Minggra Restu
Published: September 2018

Most traditional market revitalization concepts only focus on buying and selling activities while putting aside the fact that Indonesian traditional markets have social potentiality. This article aims to explore the interactive concepts to be implemented in the redesign of the Sederhana Market, Bandung, Indonesia. The study employed literature review and case study to generate the concepts of interactive space in a marketplace. It finds that interactiveness can be implemented in the open building massing, including the use of transparent partitions, inclusive accessibility for all users, and open circulations. The program is arranged to accommodate users' interactions, zoning according to functions, management objectives, and economic accessibility. It also provides community spaces located on every floor, adequate lighting and airing in all market spaces, easy and low-cost maintenance, and signages that allows communicable spatial layout. The Sederhana Market redesign is expected to improve the quality of the marketplace environment, maximizing the economic functions, while flourishing social interactions among users.
Dynamic Response of Aluminum Honeycomb Sandwich Plate Subjected to Impact by Flying Spear
Authors: Cheng Chun , Chen Xi , Du Zhonghua , Pang Zhaojun , Si Jiyue
Published: September 2018

Numerical simulation and experiment were applied to study the dynamic response of aluminum honeycomb sandwich plate subjected to the impact by flying spear as well as the the proper velocity of the flying spear impacting on the plate. The deformation mode and damage form of the aluminum honeycomb sandwich plate were obtained. Moreover, the proper velocity of the flying spear is around 40m/s~50m/s. It is confirmed that The deformation area of the upper and lower panels decreases with the increase of the impact velocity, whereas the buckling angle of the panel increases with the increase of the impact velocity. The damage forms of the aluminum honeycomb cell are collapse and buckling sequentially from the impact point to the surrounding. In addition, The collapse area of the honeycomb cells increases with the increase of the maximum diameter of the flying spear and the range of buckling decreases with the increase of impact velocity. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results.
Anatomy of posterior cruciate ligament retained in a posterior cruciate ligament retaining total knee replacement: a cadaveric study
Authors: Goyal Tarun , Singla Mukesh , Paul Souvik
Published: September 2018

Background: Recent evidence has highlighted a risk that the majority of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is removed while making bone cuts in tibia and femur during total knee replacement surgery. Aim of this cadaveric study is to calculate how much PCL footprint is retained in a PCL retaining prosthesis after routine tibial and femoral cuts are made. 

Methods: Twelve paired formalin-fixed Indian cadaveric knees were studied. Knees were disarticulated and all soft tissues were circumferentially removed from the tibia and femur. Footprints of antero-lateral and postero-medial bundles were marked on tibia and femur. Proximal tibial and distal femoral cuts were made using standard cutting jigs (Zimmer NexGen LPS). Digital photographs were taken with a magnification marker attached on the bone before and after making the cuts. Area of PCL insertion before and after the bone cuts was measured using software ImageJ (National Institute of Health).

Results: Footprint on tibial side was reduced by 9.1%, and on femoral side by 21.8%. Footprint of AL bundle was reduced by 24.3% on the tibial side and by 15.3% on the femoral side. Footprint of PM bundle on tibia was not affected by the bone cut but was reduced by 18.5% on the femoral side.

Conclusion: Tibial and femoral insertions of PCL are relatively well preserved after bone cuts are made in a posterior cruciate retaining TKR. There is differential sectioning of antero-lateral and postero-medial bundles of PCL on tibial and femoral sides.
Sex- and Mode-specific Responses to Eccentric Muscle Fatigue
Authors: Hill Ethan , Housh Terry , Smith Cory , Keller Joshua , Schmidt Richard , Johnson Glen
Published: September 2018

The primary purpose of the present investigation was to examine sex-related differences as a result of fatiguing eccentric muscle actions on torque, muscle blood flow, electromyography, and mechanomyography. Eighteen men and 18 women performed peak torque trials prior to (pretest), immediately after (posttest), and 5-min after (recovery) completing 50 submaximal (60% of eccentric peak torque), eccentric, isokinetic (180°·s
−1) muscle actions of the elbow flexors. Electromyographic and mechanomyographic responses were simultaneously recorded from the biceps brachii muscle, and muscle blood flow was measured at pretest, posttest and recovery. There were sex- and mode-specific responses for torque, but there were no sex-specific muscle blood flow or neuromuscular responses. From pretest to posttest, torque decreased (80.0–88.2% of pretest) for both the men and women. At recovery concentric peak torque recovered to a greater extent in women (95.0% of pretest) than men (88.0% of pretest), while eccentric peak torque recovered to a greater extent in men (88.9% of pretest) than women (86.9% of pretest). The sex-specific torque responses were not associated with different motor control strategies or differences in the occlusion of muscle blood flow between the men and women. For both men and women, eccentric fatiguing exercise is manifested similarly during isometric muscle actions, but not during eccentric and concentric muscle actions.
Aortic Dysfunction in Mitral Regurgitation Due to Floppy Mitral Valve/Mitral Valve Prolapse
Authors: Mowafy Hatem , Lilly Scott , Orsinelli David , Rushing Gregory , Crestanello Juan , Boudoulas Konstantinos
Published: September 2018

Background Floppy mitral valve/mitral valve prolapse (FMV/MVP), a heritable disorder of connective tissue, often leads to mitral regurgitation (MR) and is the most common cause for mitral valve surgery in developed countries. Connective tissue disorders may affect aortic function, and a stiff aorta may increase the severity of MR. Aortic function, however, has not been studied in FMV/MVP with MR.

Methods A total of 17 patients (11 men, 6 women) with FMV/MVP and significant MR were compared with 20 controls matched for age and gender. Aortic diameters (AoD) were measured from left ventriculograms at 2 and 4 cm above the aortic valve. Aortic pressures were measured directly using fluid-filled catheters. Aortic distensibility was calculated using the formula: 2(systolic AoD—diastolic AoD)/(diastolic AoD x pulse pressure).

Results Aortic distensibility was significantly lower in FMV/MVP compared with control at 2 cm above the aortic valve (1.00 ± 0.19 versus 3.78 ± 1.10 10−3 mm Hg−1, respectively; p = 0.027) and 4 cm above the aortic valve (0.89 ± 0.16 versus 3.22 ± 0.19 10−3 mm Hg−1, respectively; p = 0.007). FMV/MVP patients had greater left ventricular (LV) end-systolic (88 ± 72 mL versus 35 ± 15 mL, p = 0.002) and end-diastolic (165 ± 89 mL versus 100 ± 41 mL, p = 0.005) volumes, and lower LV ejection fraction, compared with control (50 ± 12% versus 57 ± 6%, p = 0.034).

Conclusion Aortic distensibility is decreased (consistent with a stiff aorta) in patients with FMV/MVP and MR. A stiff aorta may increase the severity of MR. Thus, abnormal aortic function, which also deteriorates with age, may play an important role in the natural history of MR due to FMV/MVP.
The future role of the psychiatrist in Europe – a UEMS perspective
Authors: Hermans M.
Published: September 2018

The author presents his personal opinion inviting to discussion on the possible future role of psychiatrists. His view is based upon the many contacts with psychiatrists all over Europe, academicians and everyday professionals, as well as the familiarity with the literature. The list of papers referred to is based upon (1) the general interest concerning the subject when representing ideas also worded elsewhere, (2) the accessibility to psychiatrists and mental health professionals in Germany, (3) being costless downloadable for non-subscribers and (4) for some geographic aspects (e.g. Belgium, Spain, Sweden) and the latest scientific issues, addressing some authors directly.
Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie bei somatoformen Störungen
Authors: Timmer B. , Voderholzer U.
Published: September 2018

In dieser Übersicht werden die kognitive Verhaltenstherapie (KVT) bei somatoformen Störungen sowie die zugrundeliegenden Modellvorstellungen der Ätiopathogenese beschrieben. Grundlagen der Diagnostik und Therapie werden skizziert, besonderes Augenmerk gilt dabei dem Störungsbild multipler somatoformer Symptome. Das therapeutische Vorgehen wird anhand der wesentlichen Therapieelemente inhaltlich dargestellt. Ein Fokus liegt dabei auf der Beziehungsgestaltung und dem Aufbau von Therapiemotivation, da die Behandlung dieser Patientengruppe nach wie vor als Herausforderung gilt. Ergänzend werden achtsamkeitsbasierte Verfahren als neuere Entwicklungen der dritten Welle der Verhaltenstherapie beschrieben. Ein Überblick der Wirksamkeitsnachweise der KVT bei multiplen somatoformen Beschwerden zeigt langfristig stabile positive Effekte sowohl für die somatoforme Symptomatik als auch assoziierte Merkmale.
Psychopharmakotherapie somatoformer Störungen
Authors: Eser-Valeri D.
Published: September 2018

Somatoforme Störungen und funktionelle somatische Syndrome führen zu einer gehäuften Inanspruchnahme medizinischer Leistungen. Bei der Behandlung dieser Erkrankungen ist ein mehrdimensionaler Therapieansatz notwendig, wobei neben störungsspezifischen psychotherapeutischen Interventionen auch psychopharmakologische Therapieansätze zu berücksichtigen sind. Dabei kommen insbesondere Antidepressiva zum Einsatz, deren Effektivität belegt wurde und die bei unterschiedlichen somatoformen Störungen differenziert eingesetzt werden können. Insbesondere Antidepressiva mit dualem Wirkmechanismus sowie selektive Serotoninwiederaufnahmehemmer nehmen hier einen besonderen Stellenwert ein. Die psychopharmakologische Therapie sollte dabei immer in den multimodalen Gesamtbehandlungsplan eingebettet werden und den spezifischen Besonderheiten der Arzt-Patienten Beziehung bei Patienten mit somatoformen Störungen Rechnung tragen.
Aripiprazol-Depot
Authors: Riedel M. , Schennach R.
Published: September 2018

Das im November 2013 für die Behandlung der Schizophrenie in Europa zugelassene und seit Mitte Juni in Deutschland eingeführte Aripiprazol-Depot Präparat Abilify Maintena® hat sich als wirksames und gut verträgliches Depot-Antipsychotikum erwiesen. Besonders in der Behandlung schizophrener Patienten mit häufig eingeschränkter Compliance sind Depot-Antipsychotika hinsichtlich Rückfallprophylaxe eine wichtige Behandlungsmöglichkeit. Aufgrund des besonderen Rezeptorprofils von Aripiprazol mit partiell agonistischem Wirkeffekt an den D2/D3-Rezeptoren sowie berichteten Wirkvorteilen bei affektiven und kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen stellt die Depotformulierung eine interessante Behandlungsalternative in der Therapie der Schizophrenie dar. Auch das günstige Nebenwirkungsprofil von Aripiprazol mit einem nachgewiesenen niedrigen Risiko für extrapyramidalmotorische Symptome sowie metabolische Nebenwirkungen macht den Stellenwert dieser neuen Depotformulierung deutlich. Die einmal im Monat anzuwendende Injektion ist in zwei unterschiedlichen Dosierungsstufen (300 und 400 mg) erhältlich, in seiner Anwendung einfach handhabbar und wird von den Patienten gut toleriert.
Neurobiologische Grundlagen des Wahlverhaltens bei Abhängigkeitserkrankungen
Authors: Bleich S. , Heberlein A.
Published: September 2018

Substanzabhängigkeiten sind durch verminderte Kontrolle über den Substanzkonsum trotz negativer Folgen gekennzeichnet. Der Artikel fasst Studienergebnisse zusammen, die Veränderungen des Wahlverhaltens von Personen mit Abhängigkeitserkrankungen mit funktionellen Veränderungen im Bereich des orbitofrontalen Kortex und projizierender Zentren in Zusammenhang bringen.
Extended-wavelength InGaAsSb infrared unipolar barrier detectors
Authors: Hao Hongyue , Wang Guowei , Han Xi , Jiang Dongwei , Sun Yaoyao , Guo Chunyan , Xiang Wei , Xu Yingqiang , Niu Zhichuan
Published: September 2018

We presented an extended-wavelength InGaAsSb infrared unipolar barrier detector working at room temperature. The detector with GaSb lattice-matched InGaAsSb absorb layer and AlGaAsSb unipolar barrier can achieve high material quality and low dark current. The dark current density was 2.29×10-5 A/cm2 at 0 bias at 77K. At room temperature the dark current at 0 bias was 4×10-3 A/cm2 and the R0A is high to 44 Ω · cm2. We fabricated the cone arrays in the InGaAsSb absorb layer to reduce the reflection of the radiation and extend the spectrum response to visible area. The extended-wavelength detector had the response from the wavelength of 0.4 μm. Further experiment showed the cone arrays also reduced the dark current of the detector at room temperature.
Nonlinear dynamics of relativistically intense cylindrical and spherical plasma waves
Authors: Mukherjee Arghya , Sengupta Sudip
Published: September 2018

Spatio-temporal evolution and breaking of relativistically intense cylindrical and spherical space charge oscillations in a homogeneous cold plasma are studied analytically and numerically using the Dawson Sheet Model [J. M. Dawson, Phys. Rev. 113, 383 (1959)]. It is found that cylindrical and spherical space charge oscillations break via the process of phase mixing at an arbitrarily small amplitude due to anharmonicity introduced by geometry and relativistic mass variation effects. A general expression for phase mixing time (wave breaking time) has been derived and it is shown that for both cases, it scales inversely with the cube of the initial wave amplitude. Finally, this analytically obtained scaling is verified by using a numerical code based on the Dawson Sheet Model.
Ultrafast proton/deuteron dynamics in KTaO3 observed with infrared pump-probe spectroscopy: Toward understanding of proton conduction mechanism in solid oxides
Authors: Sakurai Atsunori , Ando Koji , Ashihara Satoshi
Published: September 2018

Infrared pump-probe measurement for the OD stretching mode in KTaO3 has been performed. We observed the induced absorption signal corresponding to the 1-2 transition for the first time in oxide crystals in addition to the bleaching signal of the 0-1 transition. Both signals show long decay time of ∼200 ps, and the potential anharmonicity is found to be 3.6%. We also investigated temperature dependence of OH/OD absorption spectra to explore how a proton/deuteron interacts with the surrounding lattice vibrations, and identify the phonon mode which causes the potential fluctuations as a O–Ta–O bending motion. On the basis of the results obtained, we calculate the potential energy surface on which a proton/deuteron moves and discuss the proton conduction mechanism in solid oxides.
Study on thermal conductivities of Si thin films and porous Si structures based on a modified lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Zhou Ping , Ma Lei , Liu Wei , Liu Zhichun
Published: September 2018

In this work, a modified lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is developed to predict the thermal conductivity of silicon thin films and porous silicon structures, in which a probability parameter is introduced to determine whether a phonon collision event happens at a specific lattice point. The thickness dependent silicon thin film thermal conductivity calculated using this method shows a good agreement with prior experimental and simulation results. We also use this approach to study the porosity and pore-size dependent thermal conductivity of porous silicon structures. Furthermore, the simulated results about thermal conductivity of porous silicon are found to agree well with the previously reported data. The modified algorithm offers substantial computational improvement as compared to current LBM models and enables us to a clearer understanding about the meaning of collision step and streaming step in the LBM model.
First-principles prediction of the control of magnetic properties in Fe-doped GaSb and InSb
Authors: Shinya Hikari , Fukushima Tetsuya , Masago Akira , Sato Kazunori , Katayama-Yoshida Hiroshi
Published: September 2018

Recently, Fe-doped semiconductors have been attracting much attention as ferromagnetic semiconductors due to the possibility that they may exhibit high Curie temperatures and low power consumption and that they may be useful for high-speed spin devices. High Curie temperature ferromagnetism has been observed in Fe-doped InAs, from which both n- and p-type ferromagnetic semiconductors can be fabricated. In order to obtain a higher Curie temperature than that of (In, Fe)As, we have focused on GaSb and InSb as host semiconductors. We have investigated their electronic structures, magnetic properties, and structural stability by using the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker Green's function method within density functional theory. We have found that (Ga, Fe)Sb and (In, Fe)Sb show complex magnetic properties, which are determined by the correlation between magnetic exchange coupling constants and chemical pair interactions. Isoelectronic Fe-doped GaSb and InSb have strong antiferromagnetic interactions due to the super-exchange mechanism. By shifting the Fermi level–i.e., by n- or p-type doping–(Ga, Fe)Sb and (In, Fe)Sb can be made to undergo a magnetic transition from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic ordering. This transition can be well understood in terms of the Alexander-Anderson-Moriya mechanism. Our calculations indicate the possibility of manipulating (Ga, Fe)Sb and (In, Fe)Sb to achieve high Curie temperatures.