bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Highly Active Dinuclear Copper Catalysts for Homogeneous Azide–Alkyne Cycloadditions
Authors: Berg Regina , Straub Johannes , Schreiner Ella , Mader Steffen , Rominger Frank , Straub Bernd F.
Published: November 2012

The main feature of the herein presented class of molecularly defined catalysts for the copper‐catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction is the presence of two copper centres in one catalyst molecule. We report the facile three‐step synthesis of two representative bis‐NHC‐dicopper complexes as well as their catalytic performance in the azide–alkyne cycloaddition. A screening with one of these complexes has proved its wide applicability and excellent performance as homogeneous catalyst in various organic solvents and with different alkyne and azide substrates.
Asymmetric Bio‐amination of Ketones in Organic Solvents
Authors: Mutti Francesco G. , Kroutil Wolfgang
Published: November 2012

ω‐Transaminases, employed as a lyophilised crude cell‐free extract, were successfully employed in organic solvent for the asymmetric amination of ketones without the need for immobilisation. Best activity was found for methyl tert‐butyl ether (MTBE) at a water activity of 0.6. The ω‐transaminases (9 different enzymes) accepted efficiently 2‐propylamine as amine donor when used in the solvent, which is not the case when they are used in aqueous solution. The bio‐amination in organic solvent showed several advantages such as higher reaction rates (up to 17‐fold), general acceptance of 2‐propylamine as amine donor, simple work‐up procedure (i.e., no basification and extraction required), easy recycling of the catalyst and lack of substrate inhibition. The biocatalysts maintained their excellent stereoselectivity in MTBE allowing the preparation of optically pure amines (ee >99%) with up to >99% conversion.
The First Report on Excellent Cycling Stability and Superior Rate Capability of Na3V2(PO4)3 for Sodium Ion Batteries
Authors: Saravanan Kuppan , Mason Chad W. , Rudola Ashish , Wong Kim Hai , Balaya Palani
Published: November 2012

Sodium ion batteries are attractive for the rapidly emerging large‐scale energy storage market for intermittent renewable resources. Currently a viable cathode material does not exist for practical non‐aqueous sodium ion battery applications. Here we disclose a high performance, durable electrode material based on the 3D NASICON framework. Porous Na3V2(PO4)3/C was synthesized using a novel solution‐based approach. This material, as a cathode, is capable of delivering an energy storage capacity of ∼400 mWh/g vs. sodium metal. Furthermore, at high current rates (10, 20 and 40 C), it displayed remarkable capacity retention. Equally impressive is the long term cycle life. Nearly 50% of the initial capacity was retained after 30,000 charge/discharge cycles at 40 C (4.7 A/g). Notably, coulombic efficiency was 99.68% (average) over the course of cycling. To the best of our knowledge, the combination of high energy density, high power density and ultra long cycle life demonstrated here has never been reported before for sodium ion batteries. We believe our findings will have profound implications for developing large‐scale energy storage systems for renewable energy sources.
Effectiveness of joint health and safety committees: A realist review
Authors: Yassi Annalee , Lockhart Karen , Sykes Mona , Buck Brad , Stime Bjorn , Spiegel Jerry M.
Published: November 2012

Background

Joint health and safety committees (JHSCs) are widely acknowledged as important to a healthy and safe work environment. However, it is also generally believed that having a JHSC is necessary but not sufficient; the JHSC must be effective.

Methods

A systematic review was undertaken to find empirical studies regarding the effectiveness of JHSCs; realist review methodology was applied to determine context‐mechanism‐outcome patterns. Experts from across Canada and from various sectors and perspectives including government, employers, and unions, were brought together to inform the synthesis.

Results

Thirty‐one studies met inclusion criteria. Mechanisms identified as important determinants of JHSC effectiveness across various jurisdictions include adequate information, education and training; appropriate committee composition; senior management commitment to JHSCs; and especially a clear mandate with a broad scope and corresponding empowerment (through legislation and/or union presence).

Conclusions

Consistent empowerment mechanisms emerge as determinants of successful JHSCs across contexts despite few evidence‐based details for best practice implementation. Intervention research is warranted. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:424–438, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Did Trichromatic Color Vision and Red Hair Color Coevolve in Primates?
Authors: KAMILAR JASON M. , HEESY CHRISTOPHER P. , BRADLEY BRENDA J.
Published: November 2012

Reddish pelage and red hair ornaments have evolved many times, independently, during primate evolution. It is generally assumed that these red‐coat phenotypes, like red skin phenotypes, play a role in sociosexual signaling and, thus evolved in tandem with conspecific color vision. This study examines the phylogenetic distribution of color vision and pelage coloration across the primate order to ask: (1) did red pelage and trichromacy coevolve; or (2) did trichromacy evolve first, and then subsequently red pelage evolved as an exaptation? We collected quantitative, color‐corrected photographic color data for 142 museum research skins from 92 species representing 41 genera spanning all major primate lineages. For each species, we quantified the ratio of Red/Green values (from a RGB color model) at 20 anatomical landmarks. For these same species, we compiled data on color vision type (routine trichromatic, polymorphic, routine dichromatic, monochromatic) and data on variables that potentially covary with visual system (VS) and coloration, including activity pattern and body mass dimorphism (proxy for sexual selection). We also considered whether the long‐term storage of research skins might influence coloration. Therefore, we included the time since the specimen was collected as an additional predictor. Analyzing the data with phylogenetic generalized least squares models, we found that the amount of red hair present in primates is associated with differences in VSs, but not in the direction expected. Surprisingly, trichromatic primate species generally exhibited less red hair compared to red‐green colorblind species. Thus, our results do not support the general assumption that color vision and red pelage coloration are a coevolutionary product of sociosexual signaling in primates. In addition, we did not find an effect of activity pattern, body mass dimorphism, or time since collection on the redness of primate hair. Our results have important implications for the evolution of primate coloration and visual systems. Am. J. Primatol. 75:740‐751, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Autoantibodies to cytosolic 5′‐nucleotidase 1A in inclusion body myositis
Authors: Pluk Helma , van Hoeve Bas J. A. , van Dooren Sander H. J. , Stammen‐Vogelzangs Judith , van der Heijden Annemarie , Schelhaas Helenius J. , Verbeek Marcel M. , Badrising Umesh A. , Arnardottir Snjolaug , Gheorghe Karina , Lundberg Ingrid E. , Boelens Wilbert C. , van Engelen Baziel G. , Pruijn Ger J. M.
Published: November 2012

Objective

Sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) is an inflammatory myopathy characterized by both degenerative and autoimmune features. In contrast to other inflammatory myopathies, myositis‐specific autoantibodies had not been found in sIBM patients until recently. We used human skeletal muscle extracts as a source of antigens to detect autoantibodies in sIBM and to characterize the corresponding antigen.

Methods

Autoantibodies to skeletal muscle antigens were detected by immunoblotting. The target antigen was immunoaffinity‐purified from skeletal muscle extracts and characterized by mass spectrometry. A cDNA encoding this protein was cloned and expressed in vitro, and its recognition by patient sera was analyzed in an immunoprecipitation assay. Epitopes were mapped using microarrays of overlapping peptides.

Results

An Mr 44,000 polypeptide (Mup44) was frequently targeted by sIBM autoantibodies. The target protein was purified, and subsequent mass spectrometry analysis revealed that Mup44 is the cytosolic 5′‐nucleotidase 1A (cN1A). By immunoprecipitation of recombinant cN1A, high concentrations of anti‐Mup44 autoantibodies were detected in 33% of sIBM patient sera, whereas their prevalence in dermatomyositis, polymyositis, and other neuromuscular disorders appeared to be rare (4.2%, 4.5%, and 3.2%, respectively). Low concentrations of anti‐Mup44 antibodies were found in myositis as well as other neuromuscular disorders, but not in healthy controls. Three major autoepitope regions of cN1A were mapped by using microarrays containing a set of overlapping peptides covering the complete cN1A amino acid sequence.

Interpretation

Anti‐Mup44 autoantibodies, which are targeted to cN1A, represent the first serological biomarker for sIBM and may facilitate the diagnosis of this type of myositis. ANN NEUROL 2013;73:397–407
Asymmetrische Gegenanionen‐vermittelte Katalyse: Konzept, Definition und Anwendungen
Authors: Mahlau Manuel , List Benjamin
Published: November 2012

Seit einiger Zeit hat sich die Verwendung enantiomerenreiner Gegenanionen zur Induktion von Enantioselektivität in Reaktionen über kationische Intermediate als interessantes neues Konzept hervorgetan, das als “asymmetrische Gegenanionen‐vermittelte Katalyse” (ACDC) bezeichnet wird. Trotz seines Erfolgs ist das Konzept bisher noch nicht vollständig definiert und systematisch diskutiert worden. Dieser Aufsatz schließt diese Lücke, indem eine klare Definition von ACDC gegeben wird und auf sowohl eindeutige als auch mehrdeutige Beispiele angewendet wird, um die Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten zu anderen Katalysekonzepten hervorzuheben.
Asymmetric Counteranion‐Directed Catalysis: Concept, Definition, and Applications
Authors: Mahlau Manuel , List Benjamin
Published: November 2012

Recently, the use of enantiomerically pure counteranions for the induction of asymmetry in reactions proceeding through cationic intermediates has emerged as an exciting new concept, which has been termed asymmetric counteranion‐directed catalysis (ACDC). Despite its success, the concept has not been fully defined and systematically discussed to date. This Review closes this gap by providing a clear definition of ACDC and by examining both clear cases as well as more ambiguous examples to illustrate the differences and overlaps with other catalysis concepts.
A Sensitivity Analysis to the Role of the Fronto‐Parietal Suture in Lacerta Bilineata: A Preliminary Finite Element Study
Authors: Moazen Mehran , Costantini David , Bruner Emiliano
Published: November 2012

Cranial sutures are sites of bone growth and development but micromovements at these sites may distribute the load across the skull more evenly. Computational studies have incorporated sutures into finite element (FE) models to assess various hypotheses related to their function. However, less attention has been paid to the sensitivity of the FE results to the shape, size, and stiffness of the modeled sutures. Here, we assessed the sensitivity of the strain predictions to the aforementioned parameters in several models of fronto‐parietal (FP) suture in Lacerta bilineata. For the purpose of this study, simplifications were made in relation to modeling the bone properties and the skull loading. Results highlighted that modeling the FP as either an interdigitated suture or a simplified butt suture, did not reduce the strain distribution in the FP region. Sensitivity tests showed that similar patterns of strain distribution can be obtained regardless of the size of the suture, or assigned stiffness, yet the exact magnitudes of strains are highly sensitive to these parameters. This study raises the question whether the morphogenesis of epidermic scales in the FP region in the Lacertidae is related to high strain fields in this region, because of micromovement in the FP suture. Anat Rec, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ferrocene‐Donor and 4,5‐Dicyanoimidazole‐Acceptor Moieties in Charge‐Transfer Chromophores with π Linkers Tailored for Second‐Order Nonlinear Optics
Authors: Kulhánek Jiří , Bureš Filip , Kuznik Wojciech , Kityk Iwan V. , Mikysek Tomáš , Růžička Aleš
Published: November 2012

A series of new nonlinear optical chromophores (1–15) that were comprised of ferrocene‐donor and 4,5‐dicyanoimidazole‐acceptor moieties and various π linkers of different length were synthesized. Support for the presence of significant DA interactions in these NLO‐phores was obtained from the evaluation of the quinoid character of the 1,4‐phenylene moieties and their electronic absorption spectra, which featured intense high‐energy (HE) bands that were accompanied by less‐intense low‐energy (LE) bands. The redox behavior of these compounds was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and by rotating‐disc voltammetry (RDV); their electrochemical gaps decreased steadily from 2.64 to 2.09 V. In addition to the experimentally obtained data, DFT calculations of their absorption spectra, HOMO/LUMO levels, and second‐order polarizabilities (β) (−2ω,ω,ω) were performed. A structure–property relationship study that was performed by systematically altering the π linker revealed that the intramolecular charge‐transfer and nonlinear optical properties of these inorganic–organic hybrid DπA systems (1–15) were primarily affected by: 1) The presence of olefinic/acetylenic subunits; 2) the length of the π linker; and 3) the spatial arrangement (planarity) of the π linker.
Current prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysm in 70-year-old women
Authors: Svensjö S , Björck M , Wanhainen A
Published: November 2012

Background

Screening elderly men for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) to reduce mortality from rupture is evidence-based. For women epidemiological data on AAA are scarce, and the evidence for screening is insufficient. The aim of this population-based study was to determine the current prevalence of AAA and risk factors among 70-year-old women.

Methods

All 70-year-old women identified through the National Population Registry in the two neighbouring counties of Uppsala and Dalarna were invited to a free ultrasound examination of the abdominal aorta. An AAA was defined as a maximum infrarenal aortic diameter of at least 30 mm.

Results

Of 6925 women invited, 5140 (74·2 per cent) accepted the invitation to be screened. Among these, 19 AAAs were detected (0·4 (95 per cent confidence interval (c.i.) 0·2 to 0·5) per cent). In the invited cohort 12 women (0·2 (0·1 to 0·3) per cent) had undergone previous AAA repair (11) or had a known AAA under surveillance (1). Thus, the total prevalence was estimated at 0·5 (0·4 to 0·7) per cent. Smoking was strongly associated with AAA; 18 (95 per cent) of 19 women with a screen-detected AAA had a history of smoking compared with 44·2 per cent of those with a normal aorta (odds ratio 20·29, 95 per cent c.i. 2·70 to 152·65). The prevalence of AAA was 0·03 (0 to 0·1) per cent among never smokers, 0·4 (0·2 to 0·8) per cent among former smokers and 2·1 (1·0 to 3·7) per cent among current smokers.

Conclusion

Screening 70-year-old women who do not smoke is likely to be futile, thus ruling out population screening of women for AAA.
Sensory deprivation during early development causes an increased exploratory behavior in a whisker‐dependent decision task
Authors: Papaioannou Stylianos , Brigham Leeann , Krieger Patrik
Published: November 2012

Stimulation of sensory pathways is important for the normal development of cortical sensory areas, and impairments in the normal development can have long‐lasting effect on animal's behavior. In particular, disturbances that occur early in development can cause permanent changes in brain structure and function. The behavioral effect of early sensory deprivation was studied in the mouse whisker system using a protocol to induce a 1‐week sensory deprivation immediately after birth. Only two rows of whiskers were spared (C and D rows), and the rest were deprived, to create a situation where an unbalanced sensory input, rather than a complete loss of input, causes a reorganization of the sensory map. Sensory deprivation increased the barrel size ratio of the spared CD rows compared with the deprived AB rows; thus, the map reorganization is likely due, at least in part, to a rewiring of thalamocortical projections. The behavioral effect of such a map reorganization was investigated in the gap‐crossing task, where the animals used a whisker that was spared during the sensory deprivation. Animals that had been sensory deprived performed equally well with the control animals in the gap‐crossing task, but were more active in exploring the gap area and consequently made more approaches to the gap – approaches that on average were of shorter duration. A restricted sensory deprivation of only some whiskers, although it does not seem to affect the overall performance of the animals, does have an effect on their behavioral strategy on executing the gap‐crossing task.
Social exclusion, infant behavior, social isolation, and maternal expectations independently predict maternal depressive symptoms
Authors: Eastwood John , Jalaludin Bin , Kemp Lynn , Phung Hai , Barnett Bryanne , Tobin Jacinta
Published: November 2012

The objective of the study was to identify latent variables that can be used to inform theoretical models of perinatal influences on postnatal depressed mood and maternal–infant attachment. A routine survey of mothers with newborn infants was commenced in South Western Sydney in 2000. The survey included the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and 46 psychosocial and health‐related variables. Mothers (n = 15,389) delivering in 2002 and 2003 were surveyed at 2–3 weeks for depressive symptoms. Nonlinear principal components analysis was undertaken to identify dimensions that might represent latent variables. Correlations between latent variables and EPDS >12 were assessed by logistic regression. A five‐dimension solution was identified, which accounted for 51% of the variance among the items studied. The five dimensions identified were maternal responsiveness, social exclusion, infant behavior, migrant social isolation, and family size. In addition, the variable maternal expectation contributed significantly to total variance and was included in the regression analysis. Regression on EPDS >12 was predictive for all variables except for maternal responsiveness, which was considered an outcome variable. The findings are consistent with the proposition that social exclusion, infant behavior, social isolation among migrant mothers, and maternal expectations are determinants of maternal mood.
Proceedings of the Indo‐U.S. bilateral workshop on accelerating botanicals/biologics agent development research for cancer chemoprevention, treatment, and survival
Authors: B. Kumar Nagi , Dhurandhar Medha , Aggarwal Bharat , Anant Shrikant , Daniel Kenyon , Deng Gary , Djeu Julie , Dou Jinhui , Hawk Ernest , Jayaram B. , Jia Libin , Joshi Rajendra , Kararala Madhuri , Karunagaran Devarajan , Kucuk Omer , Kumar Lalit , Malafa Mokenge , Samathanam G. J. , Sarkar Fazlul , Siddiqi Maqsood , Singh Rana P. , Srivastava Anil , White Jeffrey D.
Published: November 2012

With the evolving evidence of the promise of botanicals/biologics for cancer chemoprevention and treatment, an Indo‐U.S. collaborative Workshop focusing on “Accelerating Botanicals Agent Development Research for Cancer Chemoprevention and Treatment” was conducted at the Moffitt Cancer Center, 29–31 May 2012. Funded by the Indo‐U.S. Science and Technology Forum, a joint initiative of Governments of India and the United States of America and the Moffitt Cancer Center, the overall goals of this workshop were to enhance the knowledge (agents, molecular targets, biomarkers, approaches, target populations, regulatory standards, priorities, resources) of a multinational, multidisciplinary team of researcher's to systematically accelerate the design, to conduct a successful clinical trials to evaluate botanicals/biologics for cancer chemoprevention and treatment, and to achieve efficient translation of these discoveries into the standards for clinical practice that will ultimately impact cancer morbidity and mortality. Expert panelists were drawn from a diverse group of stakeholders, representing the leadership from the National Cancer Institute's Office of Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine (OCCAM), NCI Experimental Therapeutics (NExT), Food and Drug Administration, national scientific leadership from India, and a distinguished group of population, basic and clinical scientists from the two countries, including leaders in bioinformatics, social sciences, and biostatisticians. At the end of the workshop, we established four Indo‐U.S. working research collaborative teams focused on identifying and prioritizing agents targeting four cancers that are of priority to both countries. Presented are some of the key proceedings and future goals discussed in the proceedings of this workshop.
Comparison of the results of transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus with newer amplatzer devices
Authors: Liddy Stephen , Oslizlok Paul , Walsh Kevin P.
Published: November 2012

Objectives

To compare the success and complication rates for the different devices and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) types.

Background

There are numerous devices available for transcatheter closure of PDA but data comparing the success and complication rates of the newer devices are lacking.

Methods

A retrospective review was undertaken of all cases of transcatheter PDA closure at a tertiary referral center.

Results

Transcatheter PDA closure was achieved in 176 of 177 cases. Mean age, weight, and minimum ductal diameter were 3.3 years, 15.0 kg, and 2.5 mm, respectively. Devices used were Amplatzer Duct Occluder I (ADO I, 50.3%), Amplatzer Duct Occluder II (ADO II, 28.2%), Amplatzer Duct Occluder II Additional Sizes (ADO II AS, 5.1%), flipper coils (14.1%), and “other” devices (2.3%). Regarding Amplatzer devices, arterial delivery had a significantly shorter fluoroscopy time as compared to venous delivery (3.7 vs. 5.0 min, P = 0.0068), with no significant difference in outcomes. Immediate residual shunt rates were 7.9% (7/89) for ADO I, 4.1% (2/49) for ADO II, 11.1% (1/9) for ADO II AS, and 0% (0/25) for flipper coils. Aortic protrusion rates were 9% (8/89) for ADO I, 14.3% (7/49) for ADO II, and O% for both ADO II AS (0/9) and flipper coils (0/25).

Conclusions

All devices achieved excellent occlusion rates with low complication rates, regardless of PDA type. Device delivery via arterial access was associated with a shorter fluoroscopy time as compared to venous delivery, with no significant difference in outcomes. ADO II AS may be preferable to ADO II in the younger infant. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Efficient Access to Peptidyl‐RNA Conjugates for Picomolar Inhibition of Non‐ribosomal FemXWv Aminoacyl Transferase
Authors: Fonvielle Matthieu , Mellal Dénia , Patin Delphine , Lecerf Maxime , Blanot Didier , Bouhss Ahmed , Santarem Marco , Mengin‐Lecreulx Dominique , Sollogoub Matthieu , Arthur Michel , Ethève‐Quelquejeu Mélanie
Published: November 2012

Peptidyl–RNA conjugates have various applications in studying the ribosome and enzymes participating in tRNA‐dependent pathways such as Fem transferases in peptidoglycan synthesis. Herein a convergent synthesis of peptidyl–RNAs based on Huisgen–Sharpless cycloaddition for the final ligation step is developed. Azides and alkynes are introduced into tRNA and UDP‐MurNAc‐pentapeptide, respectively. Synthesis of 2′‐azido RNA helix starts from 2′‐azido‐2′‐deoxyadenosine that is coupled to deoxycytidine by phosphoramidite chemistry. The resulting dinucleotide is deprotected and ligated to a 22‐nt RNA helix mimicking the acceptor arm of Ala‐tRNAAla by T4 RNA ligase. For alkyne UDP‐MurNAc‐pentapeptide, meso‐cystine is enzymatically incorporated into the peptidoglycan precursor and reduced, and L‐Cys is converted to dehydroalanine with O‐(mesitylenesulfonyl)hydroxylamine. Reaction of but‐3‐yne‐1‐thiol with dehydroalanine affords the alkyne‐containing UDP‐MurNAc‐pentapeptide. The CuI‐catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition reaction in the presence of tris[(1‐hydroxypropyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)methyl]amine provided the peptidyl‐RNA conjugate, which was tested as an inhibitor of non‐ribosomal FemXWv aminoacyl transferase. The bi‐substrate analogue was found to inhibit FemXWv with an IC50 of (89±9) pM, as both moieties of the peptidyl–RNA conjugate contribute to high‐affinity binding.
Influence of Peripheral Substitution on the Magnetic Behavior of Single‐Ion Magnets Based on Homo‐ and Heteroleptic TbIII Bis(phthalocyaninate)
Authors: Ganivet Carolina R. , Ballesteros Beatriz , de la Torre Gema , Clemente‐Juan Juan M. , Coronado Eugenio , Torres Tomás
Published: November 2012

A series of homoleptic ([TbIII(Pc)2]) and heteroleptic ([TbIII(Pc)(Pc′)]) TbIII bis(phthalocyaninate) complexes that contain different peripheral substitution patterns (i.e., tert‐butyl or tert‐butylphenoxy groups) have been synthesized in their neutral radical forms and then reduced into their corresponding anionic forms as stable tetramethylammonium/tetrabutylammonium salts. All of these compounds were spectroscopically characterized and their magnetic susceptibility properties were investigated. As a general trend, the radical forms exhibited larger energy barriers for spin reversal than their corresponding reduced compounds. Remarkably, heteroleptic complexes that contain electron‐donor moieties on one of the two Pc ligands show higher effective barriers and blocking temperatures than their homoleptic derivatives. This result is assigned to the elongation of the NTb distances in the substituted macrocycle, which brings the terbium(III) ion closer to the unsubstituted Pc, thus enhancing the ligand‐field effect. In particular, heteroleptic [TbIII(Pc)(Pc′)] complex 4, which contains one octa(tert‐butylphenoxy)‐substituted Pc ring and one bare Pc ring, exhibits the highest effective barrier and blocking temperature for a single‐molecule magnet reported to date.
Discriminatory Detection of Cysteine and Homocysteine Based on Dialdehyde‐Functionalized Aggregation‐Induced Emission Fluorophores
Authors: Mei Ju , Wang Yijia , Tong Jiaqi , Wang Jian , Qin Anjun , Sun Jing Zhi , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: November 2012

We demonstrate a concept‐proof work of using fluorescence (FL) “turn‐on” probes for the discriminatory detection of cysteine (Cys) over homocysteine (Hcy). The fluorogens are provided with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) characteristic and functionalized with two aldehyde‐groups (DMTPS‐ALD and TPE‐ALD). All the detections were carried out in a biocompatible medium (10 mM HEPES buffer and DMSO, pH 7.4). In principle, the formation of thiazinane/thiazolidine through the chemical reaction of aldehydes on the probe molecules and the residue of Cys/Hcy determines the selective recognition of Cys and Hcy over other amino acids and glucose. The FL responses originate from the AIE property of thiazinane/thiazolidine resultants, which have low solubility and precipitate (aggregate) in the detection medium. The discrimination between Cys and Hcy comes from the difference in reaction kinetics of TPE‐ALD/DMTPS‐ALD with Cys and Hcy, thereby the FL responses show different time courses and intensity enhancement. It is worth noting that TPE‐ALD outshined the other two probes in performance with fast response, a high FL enhancement up to 16‐fold, high sensitivity, and good specificity and selectivity. Moreover, its FL response threshold at 250 μM is very close to the lower limit of the normal level of Cys in human plasma, which implies that TPE‐ALD could be applied as a potential indicator of Cys deficiency.
Diastereo‐ and Regioselective Addition of Thioamide Dianions to Imines and Aziridines: Synthesis of N‐Thioacyl‐1,2‐diamines and N‐Thioacyl‐1,3‐diamines
Authors: Shibahara Fumitoshi , Kobayashi Shun‐ichiro , Maruyama Toshifumi , Murai Toshiaki
Published: November 2012

Addition reactions of thioamide dianions that were derived from N‐arylmethyl thioamides to imines and aziridines were carried out. The reactions of imines gave the addition products of N‐thioacyl‐1,2‐diamines in a highly diastereoselective manner in good‐to‐excellent yields. The diastereomeric purity of these N‐thioacyl‐1,2‐diamines could be enriched by simple recrystallization. The reduction of N‐thioacyl‐1,2‐diamines with LiAlH4 gave their corresponding 1,2‐diamines in moderate‐to‐good yields with retention of their stereochemistry. The oxidative‐desulfurization/cyclization of an N‐thioacyl‐1,2‐diamine in CuCl2/O2 and I2/pyridine systems gave the cyclized product in moderate yield and the trans isomer was obtained as the sole product. On the other hand, a similar cyclization reaction with antiformin (aq. NaClO) as an oxidant gave the cis isomer as the major product. The reactions of N‐tosylaziridines gave the addition products of N‐thioacyl‐1,3‐diamines with low diastereoselectivity but high regioselectivity and in good‐to‐excellent yields. The use of AlMe3 as an additive improved the efficiency and regioselectivity of the reaction. The stereochemistry of the obtained products was determined by X‐ray diffraction.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Y2O2S:Eu3+, Mg2+, Ti4+ Hollow Nanospheres via a Template‐Free Route.
Authors: Deng Suqing , Xue Zhiping , Liu Yingliang , Lei Bingfu , Xiao Yong , Zheng Mingtao
Published: November 2012

The title hollow nanospheres are synthesized by precipitation from a solution of Y(NO3)3, Eu(NO3)3, Mg(NO3)2, and Ti(SO4)2 in ethylene glycol and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) using an EtOH solution of thiourea (autoclave, 200 °C) followed by calcination with CS2 as a sulfurization agent (graphite crucible, 800—1100 °C, 4 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Effects of Nickel‐Doped Lithium Vanadium Phosphate on the Performance of Lithium‐Ion Batteries.
Authors: Zhang Yong , et al. et al.
Published: November 2012

A series of Ni‐doped Li3V2(PO4)3 composites as new cathode materials for lithium ion batteries is synthesized by a microwave‐assisted sol—gel method.
ChemInform Abstract: Cerium(IV) Tellurite Halides [Ce2Te7O17]X2 (X: Cl‐ or Br‐): The First Cerium‐Containing Cationic Frameworks.
Authors: Lin Jian , Diwu Juan , Cross Justin N. , Villa Eric M. , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E.
Published: November 2012

The structures of title compounds (III) are determined by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Influence of the Organic Species and Oxoanion in the Synthesis of Two Uranyl Sulfate Hydrates, (H3O)2 [(UO2)2(SO4)3(H2O)] ·7H2O and (H3O)2 [(UO2)2(SO4)3(H2O)] ·4H2O, and a Uranyl Selenate‐Selenite [C5H6N] [(UO2)(SeO4)(HSeO3)].
Authors: Jouffret Laurent J. , Wylie Ernest M. , Burns Peter C.
Published: November 2012

The crystal structures of (II), (III), and (IV) are determined by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: A Pineno‐Salen Type Catalyst for the Enantioselective Nozaki—Hiyama—Kishi Reaction.
Authors: Dhondge Attrimuni P. , Shaikh Ajam C. , Chen Chinpiao
Published: November 2012

One of the newly synthesized pineno‐salen type ligands is used in the enantioselective Nozaki—Hiyama—Kishi allylation of alkyl and (hetero)aryl aldehydes with allyl bromide.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Ionic Liquid‐Based Vilsmeier Reagent from Novel Multi‐purpose Dimethyl Formamide‐Like Ionic Liquid and Its Application.
Authors: Hullio Ahmed Ali , Mastoi G. M.
Published: November 2012

The complex consisting of cyanuric chloride and an imidazole‐based DMF‐like ionic liquid forms the reactive intermediate MPFIL (multipurpose functional ionic liquid) whose capacity to achieve more useful organic transformation is tested in numerous types of reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Reductive Radical Cyclization of Organic Halides in the Presence of NaBH4: Evidence of an Active Hydrido Iron(I) Catalyst.
Authors: Ekomie Audrey , Lefevre Guillaume , Fensterbank Louis , Lacote Emmanuel , Malacria Max , Ollivier Cyril , Jutand Anny
Published: November 2012

Based on electrochemical investigations this reaction is proposed to proceed via electron‐transfer activation of the halide mediated by an in situ generated anionic hydrido iron(I) species.
ChemInform Abstract: The Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Trifluoroethyl Iodide with Aryl and Heteroaryl Boronic Acid Esters.
Authors: Liang Apeng , Li Xinjian , Liu Dongfeng , Li Jingya , Zou Dapeng , Wu Yangjie , Wu Yusheng
Published: November 2012

The protocol allows for a convenient introduction of trifluoroethyl groups into a variety of aryl and heteroaryl moieties under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Organic Acid Induced Olefination Reaction of Lactones.
Authors: Yanai Hikaru , Taguchi Takeo
Published: November 2012

(Z)‐Selective olefination of several lactones (I), (IV) and (VI) with ketene silyl acetals (II) is achieved by catalysis of carbon acids having a bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methyl group as an acidic functionality.
ChemInform Abstract: Protodecarboxylation of Benzoic Acids under Radical Conditions.
Authors: Seo Sangwon , Taylor John B. , Greaney Michael F.
Published: November 2012

The substrate scope is substantially extended compared to other methods.
ChemInform Abstract: Straightforward Reductive Esterification of Carbonyl Compounds with Carboxylic Acids Through Tosylhydrazone Intermediates.
Authors: Garcia‐Munoz Angel‐Humberto , Tomas‐Gamasa Maria , Perez‐Aguilar M. Carmen , Cuevas‐Yanez Erick , Valdes Carlos
Published: November 2012

A stepwise approach is found to be suitable especially for the preparation of benzhydryl or benzyl esters [cf.(VI)] via diazo intermediates.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Enol Ester Epoxides and Their Ring‐Opening to α‐Silyloxyaldehydes.
Authors: Friestad Gregory K. , Sreenilayam Gopeekrishnan , Cannistra Joseph C. , Slominski Luke M.
Published: November 2012

The (Z)‐selective Ru‐catalyzed anti‐Markovnikov addition of aromatic carboxylic acids to alkynes is followed by epoxidation with dimethyldioxirane, prepared in situ.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Cascade Leading to Direct α‐Imidation of Ketones by a Combination of N‐Bromosuccinimide and 1,8‐Diazabicyclo[5.4.1]undec‐7‐ene.
Authors: Wei Ying , Lin Shaoxia , Liang Fushun
Published: November 2012

NBS provides both electrophilic bromine and nucleophilic nitrogen sources.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Unexpected Easy Access to Stereodefined Trimethylsilyl Vinyl Ketenes.
Authors: Chai Guobi , Fu Chunling , Ma Shengming
Published: November 2012

The (Z)‐configurated title compounds (III) possess a high synthetic potential: various transformations are investigated in the presence of organolithium compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Lewis Acid Mediated Selective Monohydrolysis of Geminal Diesters: Synthesis of Functionalized Malonic Acid Half Esters.
Authors: Ilangovan Andivelu , Kumar Rajendran Ganesh , Kaushik Mahabir Prasad
Published: November 2012

A broad spectrum of diester substrates with an amino function is successfully hydrolyzed within a short time to afford exclusively (E)‐configurated monoesters at the geminal site.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient and Reusable Amine‐Functionalized Polyacrylonitrile Fiber Catalysts for Knoevenagel Condensation in Water.
Authors: Li Guowei , Xiao Jia , Zhang Wenqin
Published: November 2012

A series of fiber catalysts promotes the condensation of a wide range of aromatic aldehydes with active methylene compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Practical Corey—Chaykovsky Epoxidation: Scope and Limitation.
Authors: Yu Hao , Deng Xiaobing , Cao Shengli , Xu Jiaxi
Published: November 2012

Aliphatic aldehydes as well as α, β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds do not give the desired oxirane derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Noncovalent Organocatalytic Synthesis of Enantioenriched Terminal Aziridines with a Quaternary Stereogenic Center.
Authors: De Fusco Claudia , Fuoco Tiziana , Croce Gianluca , Lattanzi Alessandra
Published: November 2012

The process allows the access to various aziridine structures bearing a functionalized asymmetric center.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(I)‐Catalyzed [3 + 1] Cycloaddition of Alkenyldiazoacetates and Iminoiodinanes: Easy Access to Substituted 2‐Azetines.
Authors: Barluenga Jose , Riesgo Lorena , Lonzi Giacomo , Tomas Miguel , Lopez Luis A.
Published: November 2012

The reaction is proposed to proceed via Cu(I)‐catalyzed aziridination of the alkene moiety followed by Cu(I)‐catalyzed ring expansion of the resulting aziridinyldiazo intermediate.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Diverse Hetero‐Bis‐Metalated Alkenes as Modular Reagents Towards Highly Conjugated and Isolated Olefinic Systems.
Authors: Altendorfer Mario , Menche Dirk
Published: November 2012

A convergent, palladium‐catalyzed fragment coupling strategy is applied to the concise and modular construction of the polyene side chains of the potent polyketide antibiotic etnangien.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel One‐Pot Synthesis of Fully Substituted Thiophen‐2(3H)‐ones Using N,N‐Disubstituted Thioamides.
Authors: Zali‐Boeini Hassan , Pourjafarian Fatemeh
Published: November 2012

Base‐mediated reaction of N,N‐disubstituted thioamides (I) with chloro(phenyl)acetyl chloride (II) provides a novel convenient access towards polysubstituted thiophene derivatives (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective Synthesis of Pyrrolidine Derivatives.
Authors: Jana Ranjan , Pathak Tejas P. , Jensen Katrina H. , Sigman Matthew S.
Published: November 2012

The reaction proceeds with high diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: gem‐Dialkylthio Vinylallenes: Alkylthio‐Regulated Reactivity and Application in the Divergent Synthesis of Pyrroles and Thiophenes.
Authors: Zhang Jingping , et al. et al.
Published: November 2012

gem‐Dialkylthio vinylallenes are successfully applied to the novel and powerful syntheses of a wide range of pyrroles and thiophenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Indole Cyanation via C—H Bond Activation under Catalysis of Ru(III)‐Exchanged NaY Zeolite (RuY) as a Recyclable Catalyst.
Authors: Khorshidi Alireza
Published: November 2012

Indole substrates react with (II) as a nontoxic, slow cyanide releasing agent in the presence of RuY to yield 3‐cyanated derivatives regioselectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of N‐Substituted Carbazolones from α‐Iodo Enaminones via Pd(0)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Coupling under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Yun Xi‐Liu , Bi Wen‐Ying , Huang Jian‐Hui , Liu Yu , Zhang‐Negrerie Daisy , Du Yun‐Fei , Zhao Kang
Published: November 2012

The process can also be applied to substrates bearing a strong electron‐withdrawing group such as ‐NO2.
ChemInform Abstract: Nitroimidazoles. Part 7. Synthesis and anti‐HIV Activity of New 4‐Nitroimidazole Derivatives.
Authors: Al‐Masoudi Najim A. , Pfleiderer Wolfgang , Pannecouque Christophe
Published: November 2012

Compound (IIIa) can also be treated with further amines.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of 2,1‐Benzisoxazoles (Anthranils) by a Stannous Chloride Mediated Tandem Reduction—Heterocyclization of 2‐Nitroacylbenzenes under Neutral Conditions.
Authors: Chauhan Jay , Fletcher Steven
Published: November 2012

Optimized conditions are developed, which allow the conversion of substrates bearing acid‐labile protecting groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Imidazo[2,1‐b]‐1,3,4‐thiadiazoles in DABCO as an Efficient and Recyclable Catalyst.
Authors: Tiwari Kamleshwar , Verma Pankaj Kumar , Singh Shyam Babu , Singh Jagdamba
Published: November 2012

An efficient and general method is described for the synthesis of imidazothiadiazoles (III) (12 examples) via DABCO‐catalyzed reaction of 2‐aminothiadiazoles with phenacyl bromides.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Benzodiazepine Receptor Binding and Molecular Modelling of Isochromeno[4,3‐c]pyrazol‐5(1H)‐one Derivatives.
Authors: Maggio B. , Raffa D. , Raimondi M. V. , Plescia F. , Trincavelli M. L. , Martini C. , Meneghetti F. , Basile L. , Guccione S. , Daidone G.
Published: November 2012

A series of isochromeno[4,3‐c]pyrazol‐5(1H)‐one derivatives (III) is prepared and tested for their ability to displace specific [3H]flunitrazepam from bovine brain membranes.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of the Functionalized Spiro[indoline‐3,4′‐pyridine] via Four‐Component Reaction.
Authors: Sun Jing , Wu Qun , Zhang Lijuan , Yan Chaoguo
Published: November 2012

Common starting material, mild conditions, broad scope of reactants and operational simplicity are the advantages of the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: New N‐Arylamino Biquinoline Derivatives: Synthesis, Antimicrobial, Antituberculosis, and Antimalarial Evaluation.
Authors: Shah Nimesh M. , Patel Manish P. , Patel Ranjan G.
Published: November 2012

The reaction between quinolines (I), enhydrazinoketones (II), and malononitrile (IV) involves a Knoevenagel condensation, Michael addition, cyclization, and tautomerization to provide the final products (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Near Room Temperature Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Arene Boronic Acids with a Quinoxaline 1,4‐Dioxide Benzylsulfanyl Derivatives.
Authors: Dahbi Samir , Bisseret Philippe
Published: November 2012

For the first time the title reaction involving a readily preparable quinoxaline 1,4 dioxide is developed under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Hexahydro[1,4]diazocino[7,8,1‐jk]carbazoles and 1‐Methoxy‐9‐(β‐vinylethylamino)ethylcarbazoles.
Authors: Voskressensky L. G. , Granik V. G. , Borisova T. N. , Titov A. A. , Grishina E. I. , Sorokina E. A. , Varlamov A. V.
Published: November 2012

Reaction of N‐ethylpyrazinocarbazole (IIIa) with acetylene derivatives (IV) in MeCN affords the title diazocinocarbazoles (V), which are representatives of a previously unknown heterocyclic system.
ChemInform Abstract: Guanacastane‐Type Diterpenoids with Cytotoxic Activity from Coprinus plicatilis.
Authors: Liu Yuanzhen , Li Yaoyao , Ou Yixin , Xiao Shuyan , Lu Chunhua , Zheng Zhonghui , Shen Yuemao
Published: November 2012

Four new guanacastane‐type diterpenoids (I)—(IV) are isolated along with the known guanacastepene E from a basidiomycete of the macro‐fungi Coprinus plicatilis 82.
ChemInform Abstract: Natural Products as Templates for Bioactive Compound Libraries. Part 3. Novel Heterocycles and Peptidomimetics Generated from Anabasine by Isocyanide‐Based Multicomponent Reactions.
Authors: Sandulenko Y. , Krasavin M.
Published: November 2012

Two series of novel drug‐like alkaloid derivatives are synthesized starting from natural anabasine (I) using prominent isocyanide‐based multicomponent processes.
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐Bromo‐3‐deazaneplanocin and 3‐Bromo‐3‐deazaaristeromycin: Synthesis and Antiviral Activity.
Authors: Liu Chong , Chen Qi , Schneller Stewart W.
Published: November 2012

To achieve a preliminary indication that 3‐substituted 3‐deazaneplanocins could provide a framework for antiviral drug discovery, the 3‐bromo‐3‐deaza analogue of the naturally occurring, broad spectrum antiviral activity possessing neplanocin is synthesized in 5 steps from 3‐deazaadenine.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Hirtellanine B, an Isoflavonoid with Potent Antiproliferative Effects in Cancer Cells.
Authors: Zheng Shuyan , Fu Runzhong , Shen Zhengwu
Published: November 2012

Hirtellanine B (VI), isolated from the roots of Campylotropis hirtella Schindl, exhibits moderate B lymphocyte suppression activity, T lymphocyte supression activity and in vitro inhibition of the proliferation of Jurkat, Raji and K562 cell lines.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrical and Thermal Transport Properties of Icosahedral and Decagonal Quasicrystals
Authors: Dolinsek Janez
Published: November 2012

Review: using i‐Ag—In—Yb and i‐Al—Cu—Fe icosahedral phases and d‐Al—Co—Ni decagonal phase as examples; 62 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Properties and Applications of Quasicrystals and Comlex Metallic Alloys
Authors: Dubois Jean‐Marie
Published: November 2012

Review: 60 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Coherent Excitation at Ferromagnetic Gd(0001) and Tb(0001) Surfaces
Authors: Melnikov Alexey , Bovensiepen Uwe
Published: November 2012

Review: 36 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Kinetico‐Mechanistic Studies of Cyclometalating C—H Bond Activation Reactions on Pd(II) and Rh(II) Centres: The Importance of Non‐Innocent Acidic Solvents in the Process
Authors: Granell Jaume , Martinez Manuel
Published: November 2012

Review: 146 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Access to Imidazo[2,1‐b]thiazoles
Authors: Mohamed Hanan A. , Abdel‐Wahab Bakr F.
Published: November 2012

Review: 95 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal Oxides for Organic Electronics: Energetics, Device Physics and Applications
Authors: Meyer Jens , Hamwi Sami , Kroeger Michael , Kowalsky Wolfgang , Riedl Thomas , Kahn Antoine
Published: November 2012

Review: 205 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Analogous Porous Metal—Organic Frameworks: Synthesis, Stability and Application in Adsorption
Authors: Jhung Sung Hwa , Khan Nazmul Abedin , Hasan Zubair
Published: November 2012

Review: 114 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Lignocellulosics as a Renewable Feedstock for Chemical Industry: Chemical Hydrolysis and Pretreatment Processes
Authors: O'Hara Ian M. , Zhang Zhanying , Doherty William O. S. , Fellows Christopher M.
Published: November 2012

Review: 341 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Proton‐Coupled Electron Transfer: Classification Scheme and Guide to Theoretical Methods
Authors: Hammes‐Schiffer Sharon
Published: November 2012

Review: 55 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Validation of Reaction Vectors for de novo Design
Authors: Hristozov Dimitar , Bodkin Michael , Chen Beining , Patel Hina , Gillet Valerie J.
Published: November 2012

Review: 24 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: X‐Ray Absorption Spectroscopy
Authors: Geantet C. , Pichon C.
Published: November 2012

Review: 33 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Authors: Pietrzyk Piotr , Sojka Zbigniew , Giamello Elio
Published: November 2012

Review: 132 refs.
Disposable Flat Panel Airlift Photobioreactors
Authors: Bergmann Peter , Ripplinger Peter , Beyer Lars , Trösch Walter
Published: November 2012

Single‐use technology based on disposable bioreactors is gaining more and more importance in biotechnology due its high flexibility, easy handling and ready‐to‐use character when supplied. A disposable, low‐cost, transparent flat panel airlift photobioreactor with optimized flow regime for the efficient cultivation of microalgae and production of microalgal metabolites is presented and possible applications are discussed.
The Importance of Matching Language to Type of Evidence: Avoiding the Pitfalls of Reporting Outcomes Data
Authors: Kohli Payal , Cannon Christopher P.
Published: November 2012

Results from different types of clinical research studies provide different types of evidence for evaluating the effects of a new drug or intervention. For this reason, it is important to recognize this phenomenon during reporting and to choose appropriate language to match the type of study that was done, because this can become critical to the interpretation and application of the results in clinical practice. In this article, we aim to highlight this issue through a series of examples and provide some guidance on what the appropriate language for different types of studies should be.

This editorial review was cowritten and developed as an expanded background piece to accompany the statement by the HEART Group journal editors, which is being published simultaneously with this article.

The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.