bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Community emergency nursing process optimization combined with psychological intervention on elderly patients with acute stress disorder
Authors: Zhang Ping
Published: October 2023

Background

Acute stress disorder is a serious hazard in elderly patients. This disorder can cause physical and psychological discomfort, affecting the patient’s life quality of functioning. Psychological intervention can help patients relieve anxiety and fear, and improve patients’ acceptance and participation in emergency nursing.

Optimization of community emergency care processes can provide faster, more efficient, professional care services through process optimization. If the two are combined, its efficacy can be further improved. Therefore, this study further explored the therapeutic effect of combining the two.

Objects and Methods

Elderly patients diagnosed with ASD were selected as samples from the community. The intervention group adopted the optimized community emergency nursing process combined with psychological intervention, and the control group adopted the standard nursing. The Stanford Acute Stress Response Questionnaire (SASRQ) and 3-minute Disorder Assessment Scale (3D-CAM) were used to measure stress levels and cognitive dysfunction, respectively. SPSS23.0 was used for statistical analysis.

Results

ASD symptoms were significantly reduced in the intervention group compared with the control group (P≤0.05). SASRQ scores decreased by 35 percent, indicating decreased levels of acute stress. The 3D-CAM score showed a 25% improvement in cognitive function in the intervention group.

Conclusions

Optimizing the community emergency nursing process combined with psychological intervention is an effective way to treat acute stress disorder in the elderly. This integrated care model contributes to improved mental health outcomes and should be considered in clinical practice.
The algorithm and model of user data privacy protection psychological anxiety
Authors: Zhang Huie , Li Caihong , Tian Xinzhi , Shen Haijie
Published: October 2023

Background

With the development of smart elderly care technology, the collection and use of user data caused privacy concerns and psychological anxiety. By studying algorithms and models that protect the privacy of user data, it is possible to prevent unauthorized access and misuse of data and promote the sustainable development of technology.

Objects and Methods

SPSS23.0 was used to conduct a quantitative investigation and research, and the sample included 200 users using smart elderly care technology. The Stanford Privacy Concerns Questionnaire (PCQ) was used to assess the level of privacy anxiety among users. Algorithms and models, such as data encryption and blockchain technology, are used to discuss the privacy protection of user data.

Results

The results showed that users had high psychological anxiety about data privacy protection in smart elderly care technology. According to the data, 70% of users expressed concerns about data breaches and privacy violations. However, after the analysis and application of the model and algorithm, the psychological anxiety of users on data privacy protection has been significantly reduced, and 50% of users are satisfied with the privacy protection measures taken.

Conclusions

In the context of smart elderly care, users’ psychological anxiety about data privacy protection exists. The introduction of new algorithms and models, such as data encryption and blockchain technology, can effectively reduce the psychological anxiety of users and improve the acceptance of data privacy protection measures.

Acknowledgement

The Shaanxi Provincial Education Science 13th Five Year Plan (2020) project, No.SGH20Y1428.
Negative influence of futures exposure on borderline personality disorder of futures investors
Authors: Li Jiao
Published: October 2023

Background

Borderline personality disorder is a common type of personality disorder, and its patients have difficulties in emotional regulation and self-perception. As a high-risk financial activity, future investment may cause investors to produce huge financial and emotional pressure, resulting in negative emotional impact.

Subjects and Methods

The study selected 100 investors who experienced futures explosion within a year as the experimental group, and 100 investors who did not experience futures explosion as the control group. The Borderline Personality Disorder Questionnaire was used to assess the borderline personality disorder traits of the investors and again to classify them into high and low borderline personality disorder trait groups. SPSS software was used for data analysis, and an independent sample t-test was used to compare the difference of ESI scores between different groups.

Results

The results of the study showed that the mean borderline personality disorder trait score of the experimental group was 28.5±5.7, while the mean ESI score of the control group was 24.2±4.9. Independent sample t test showed that the score of BPD trait in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (t = 5.73, P < 0.001). The percentage of investors with borderline personality disorder trait scores higher than the standard scores reached 75% in the experimental group.

Conclusions

The results show that the number of future bursts will significantly deepen the trait of borderline personality disorder and depression of investors.
The role of business English online teaching mode on students’ social phobia
Authors: Shang Hua
Published: October 2023

Background

Social phobia, also known as social anxiety, is a common psychological disorder manifested by feeling extremely upset and nervous in social situations. Currently, there is a certain proportion of people with social phobia in the student population. With the popularization of the online teaching model in business English education, it is of great significance to explore its influence on students’ social phobia.

Subjects and Methods

The study selected two groups of business English students, one for the control group for the traditional face-to-face teaching and the other for the online teaching for the observation group. Student social phobia was assessed by the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) before and after the course. At the same time, the student’s academic performance and self-evaluation data were also collected. Study data were analyzed using SPSS23.0.

Results

Through analyzing the data, we found that students receiving online teaching had a relatively low level of social phobia of 24 points. They scored significantly lower on the social anxiety questionnaire than the students receiving traditional face-to-face teaching. In addition, the online teaching group also had high academic performance and self-evaluation (P<0.05).

Conclusions

Business English online teaching mode has a positive effect on students’ social phobia. Online teaching provides a relatively low-pressure learning environment, reducing students’ tension during face-to-face communication. This helps students to better participate in classroom activities and improve their learning results. Therefore, in business English education, online teaching mode can be an effective teaching method, especially beneficial for students with social phobia.
The intervention of library service quality and administrators’ mental health anxiety under behavioral psychology
Authors: He Jia
Published: October 2023

Background

In the current information network era, librarians face more and more competitive pressure. The main reason is that some librarians’ ideas, knowledge structure, quality, and ability cannot adapt to the library work in the information technology environment. As a result, it is challenging to grasp various uncertain factors correctly, opportunities, and risks in the social environment change and its future development, resulting in different psychological anxiety problems.

Subjects and Methods

Behaviorism is widely used in managing various social institutions. It has penetrated multiple fields of human social activities and daily life, such as psychological counseling, education, artistic creation, etc. Therefore, the research uses behavioral psychology to reform library service quality management. It is used to intervene in the anxiety of library managers. A total of 70 anxious librarians were randomly selected, 35 in each group. The general intervention group received conventional psychological intervention treatment, and the management innovation group used research methods to intervene based on traditional treatment. SPSS23.0 software was used for data statistical processing.

Results

Before the intervention, the baseline data of all managers were not statistically significant (P>0.05). After the intervention, the anxiety of the management innovation group was significantly improved compared with the ordinary intervention group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).

Conclusions

The innovation of library service quality management based on behavioral psychology can effectively relieve administrators’ psychological anxiety.
Cognitive psychology contextualized human-computer interaction systems on users’ psychological anxiety
Authors: Hu Haoran
Published: October 2023

Background

Psychological anxiety is an emotional response that includes emotional states such as nervousness, worry, and uneasiness. By understanding the effects of human-computer interaction systems on users’ psychological anxiety, designers can take appropriate measures to reduce users’ psychological anxiety and improve their satisfaction and efficiency.

Subjects and Methods

Seventy-two participants were selected for this study and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 36 participants in each group. The experimental group was exposed to HCI systems that used specific interface designs, and the control group was exposed to traditional HCI systems. The experimental data were collected by recording the psychological responses and behavioral performance of the participants such as psychological anxiety level and task completion time when using the interface. The data analysis software used was SAS.

Results

The average psychological anxiety level scores of the experimental group and the control group were 3.5 and 4.2; and the average interface task completion time of the experimental group was 9.3±1.2 minutes, while the average time of the control group was 12.2±1.5 minutes. Through comparative analysis, there is a difference between the experimental group and the control group with P<0.05.

Conclusions

By studying the effect of HCI on users’ psychological anxiety, can help designers improve the design and function of HCI systems, reduce users’ psychological anxiety, and improve users’ satisfaction and efficiency.
Innovation and entrepreneurship education development on employment anxiety of college students
Authors: Liang Qian
Published: October 2023

Background

With the rapid development of higher education in China and the continuous expansion of enrollment in universities, the number of college graduates is rapidly increasing, and the employment situation is severe. Employment anxiety among college students not only affects their physical and mental health but also leads to difficulties in finding employment and social problems. In response to this situation, we aim to alleviate the employment anxiety of college students from the perspective of the development of innovation and entrepreneurship education.

Subjects and Methods

Taking college students as the research object, a cross-sectional questionnaire survey method was used to explore the impact and mechanism of innovation and entrepreneurship education development on employment anxiety. The development of innovation and entrepreneurship education intervenes with high employment anxiety among college students and tests its effectiveness.

Results

The overall employment anxiety of college students is at a moderate to high level, with a mean of 2.66 and a standard deviation of 0.63. The employment anxiety of students after innovation and entrepreneurship education was significantly lower than before intervention, P<0.001. The employment anxiety value of the post-test intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group, with F=12.046, P<0.001.

Conclusions

Interventions in innovation and entrepreneurship education have a significant effect on alleviating employment anxiety among college students, and this effect can be maintained within a month.
Optimizing economic management paths on consumer conformity psychology from a psychological perspective
Authors: Ding Zheng
Published: October 2023

Background

Conforming consumption refers to the phenomenon that individuals, influenced by the behavior of external groups, exhibit a consumption behavior that conforms to public opinion or the majority in their perception, judgment, and understanding. It is a common phenomenon among most individuals. Blindly following can stifle individual motivation and creativity, so it is necessary to restrain the mentality of consumer conformity.

Subjects and Methods

To study the impact of optimizing economic management paths on consumer conformity psychology from the perspective of consumer psychology, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 60 consumers. According to the survey results, consumers were divided into a control group and a path optimization group. Based on consumer behavior, an analysis of consumer conformity was conducted.

Results

There is a significant difference in the economic management methods between the control group and the path optimization group (P<0.05). The average daily consumption amount of the control group is 110 yuan, while the average daily consumption amount of the path optimization group is 52 yuan, which is significantly lower than the control group. The frequency of herd consumption in the path optimization group is 2 times a month, while the frequency of herd consumption in the control group is 5 times a month.

Conclusions

Under different economic management paths, there are differences in consumer behavior, and optimizing economic management paths from the perspective of consumer psychology can effectively avoid excessive consumption.
Exploring the impact of enterprise management and market economy development on audience psychological anxiety
Authors: Wu Zheng
Published: October 2023

Background

Under the socialist market economy system, the rapid development of enterprise management has significantly impacted the psychological health of audiences such as employees and consumers. This study analyzes the factors related to the impact of enterprise management and market economy development on audience psychological anxiety.

Subjects and Methods

This research systematically sampled 100 employees from a specific enterprise to administer a questionnaire measuring their anxiety levels concerning the enterprise’s management landscape before and after a distinct period of market economy development. Pre- and post-evaluation encompassed self-assessment scale scores for anxiety. The acquired data were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS 24.0 software.

Results

The results showed that the statistical difference was P<0.05 and statistically significant. Before and after development, employees’ anxiety scores toward enterprise management significantly increased (P<0.05) compared to the scores on the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale before and after the intervention.

Conclusions

Comprehending and investigating the dual impact of the market economy on the psychological well-being of individuals holds significant theoretical and practical significance. This endeavor aids in fostering accurate perspectives on employment and consumption, nurturing robust psychological attributes among audience members, and facilitating the enduring advancement of both enterprises and the market economy.
Evaluation of anxiety among participants in concrete structure assembly schemes based on cognitive behavior analysis
Authors: Zhang Maogang
Published: October 2023

Background

Anxiety can seriously impact patients’ psychological and emotional well-being, and sometimes, it can also affect their physical health. Cognitive behavioral analysis is based on cognitive psychology, emphasizing the influence of individual anxiety on emotions and behavior, and is suitable for intervention and treatment of various psychological problems. Therefore, the study uses cognitive behavioral analysis to evaluate the anxiety psychology of participants in prefabricated concrete structure assembly schemes.

Subjects and Methods

The study conducted an EMBase search over the past decade using keywords such as anxiety and psychotherapy to obtain data on alleviating anxiety. Thirty participants in the concrete structure assembly plan were randomly divided into two groups: one group received cognitive behavioral intervention, and the other served as the control group for four weeks. Participants were evaluated for anxiety before and after the experiment using the Self Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the Self Rating Depression Scale (SDS).

Results

The results showed significant differences in SAS and SDS values between the participants (P<0.05). The group receiving cognitive behavioral intervention showed a significant decrease in SAS and SDS values, while the other group showed no significant changes.

Conclusions

Participants’ anxiety is an essential factor affecting the smooth completion of assembly plans, and timely intervention and treatment are urgently needed. Cognitive behavioral analysis can effectively alleviate participants’ anxiety in prefabricated concrete structure assembly schemes, which is of great significance for the smooth completion of projects.
Green development in logistics supply economic management on consumer anxiety in consumption psychology
Authors: Zhang Xinhua , Li Hong
Published: October 2023

Background

There is a correlation mechanism between various anxiety emotions, and information anxiety, health anxiety. Consumer groups are prone to the comprehensive impact of multiple subtypes of anxiety emotions under the reception of mobile internet information. This study aims to explore the relationship between information anxiety, health anxiety, and loss anxiety among consumer groups, analyze the formation and maintenance mechanisms of health anxiety, and provide reference suggestions for preventing and alleviating health anxiety.

Subjects and Methods

This study used 280 anxious consumers as the experimental subjects and divided them into two groups. The control group of 140 people used conventional mindfulness intervention methods. In comparison, the experimental group of 140 people added logistics supply knowledge education for internet consumption based on mindfulness intervention methods. This study used SPSS 26.0 software for preliminary descriptive statistics and related data analysis.

Results

The experimental results indicate that the average values of consumers’ information anxiety, health anxiety, and loss anxiety before intervention are all higher than the average, meaning that the respondents generally have a higher level of anxiety in these three aspects. After six days of intervention, the average scores of information anxiety, health anxiety, and loss anxiety in the control group were higher than in the experimental group.

Conclusions

The study proposes that increasing logistics supply knowledge education for internet consumption based on mindfulness intervention methods can effectively alleviate consumers’ information anxiety, health anxiety, and loss anxiety emotions.

Acknowledgement

The 2024 Annual Humanities and Social Sciences Research Project of Henan Colleges and Universities (No.2024-ZDJH-304, Project Supported by Henan Provincial Department of Education).
Kindergarten space design on preschool teachers with OCD: an intervention analysis
Authors: Hou Jiatong , Song Ziye
Published: October 2023

Background

OCD is common among kindergarten teachers, and environmental space design is considered an intervention measure that can have a positive impact on OCD patients. The aim of this study is to explore the intervention effect of kindergarten environmental space design on preschool teachers with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Subjects and Methods

The study selected classrooms of preschool teachers with OCD in several kindergartens as the research subjects and divided them into an experimental group and a control group. The classrooms in the experimental group underwent interventions in environmental space design. The control group’s classroom was arranged in a conventional manner. The study collected OCD scores and mental health questionnaire survey data from preschool teachers with OCD as research indicators and used SPSS22.0 statistical software for data processing and analysis.

Results

In the experimental results, the OCD scores of preschool teacher patients in the experimental group were significantly reduced. The OCD score of preschool teacher patients in the experimental group decreased from the initial 32.6 to 24.1, while the OCD score of preschool teacher patients in the control group decreased from the initial 31.9 to 30.5.

Conclusions

The research results indicate that the design of kindergarten environmental space has a positive intervention effect on OCD preschool teacher patients. By providing comfortable seating and soothing colors, and providing natural lighting, environmental design measures can significantly reduce the OCD score of preschool teachers’ patients, which can help improve their mental health status.
When and how to discuss about palliative care and advance care planning with cancer patients: A mixed-methods study
Authors: Trevizan Fulvio Bergamo , Paiva Carlos Eduardo , de Almeida Laura Fiacadori , de Oliveira Marco Antonio , Bruera Eduardo , Paiva Bianca Sakamoto Ribeiro
Published: October 2023

Objectives

To identify the patients who are most likely to participate in discussions about palliative care (PC) and advance care planning (ACP), and to determine their preferred timing and approach of discussion.

Methods

The study included women aged 18–75 years diagnosed with breast cancer. In the quantitative phase, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, knowledge, decision-making, and stigmas were evaluated. The qualitative phase included questions about patients’ understanding, timing, and method of discussing PC and ACP, which were analyzed by Bardin’s content analysis.

Results

In Phase 1, a total of 115 participants were included, with 53.04% completing both phases and 46.96% declining further participation. Those who completed both phases exhibited higher rates of marriage and educational attainment, while those who declined Phase 2 had a higher prevalence of advanced-stage cancer and palliative treatment. Completion of both phases was associated with a greater knowledge of reality and increased awareness of PC and ACP. Furthermore, the qualitative analysis revealed 5 convergent themes: timing, demystification, patient empowerment, misconception elimination, and open communication. These themes informed the development of a conceptual model that provides a framework for discussing PC and ACP with patients at different stages of cancer diagnosis and treatment, highlighting appropriate and inappropriate approaches and timing.

Significance of results

Early discussion is beneficial, but withholding information or infringing on autonomy should be avoided. The study reveals that married and highly educated individuals tend to be more receptive to these discussions. However, patients with late-stage cancer tend to decline participation. Patients value open communication, demystification of PC, and empowering discussions that eliminate misunderstandings. Efforts should be made to reach patients with limited familiarity, particularly those with late-stage cancer, to increase their receptiveness to enable well-informed decision-making.
A planar BPF for UWB communication systems with single/multiple interference rejection bands
Authors: Ghazali Abu Nasar , Sazid Mohd
Published: October 2023

The design and development of a microstrip-based planar ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filter (BPF) with single/multiple interference rejection capability is presented. The proposed BPF structure is developed based on the broadside coupled mechanism of microstrip/coplanar waveguide (CPW). The BPF has microstrips and short-circuited CPW capacitively coupled through the substrate. The basic frequency response generated from this geometry covers the necessary UWB spectrum (3.1–10.6 GHz) and possesses appreciable characteristics due to dual transmission zeros at either passband boundary. Multiple resonators are embedded in the basic BPF structure to develop passband notches to circumvent unnecessary interferences. A low-pass filter is later integrated into geometry to extend the upper stopband. The proposed structure is compact and covers an area of only 14 × 11.4 mm2.
Preterm birth, birthweight, and subsequent risk for depression
Authors: Rahalkar Neha , Holman-Vittone Aaron , Daniele Christian , Wacks Rachel , Gagnon Autumn , D’Agata Amy , Saquib Nazmus , Schnatz Peter F. , Sullivan Mary C. , Wallace Robert , Spracklen Cassandra N.
Published: October 2023

An individual’s birthweight, a marker of in utero exposures, was recently associated with certain psychiatric conditions. However, studies investigating the relationship between an individual’s preterm birth status and/or birthweight and risk for depression during adulthood are sparse; we used data from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) to investigate these potential associations. At study entry, 86,925 postmenopausal women reported their birthweight by category (<6 lbs., 6–7 lbs. 15 oz., 8–9 lbs. 15 oz., or ≥10 lbs.) and their preterm birth status (full-term or ≥4 weeks premature). Women also completed the Burnham screen for depression and were asked to self-report if: (a) they had ever been diagnosed with depression, or (b) if they were taking antidepressant medications. Linear and logistic regression models were used to estimate unadjusted and adjusted effect estimates. Compared to those born weighing between 6 and 7 lbs. 15 oz., individuals born weighing <6 lbs. (βadj = 0.007, P < 0.0001) and ≥10 lbs. (βadj = 0.006, P = 0.02) had significantly higher Burnam scores. Individuals born weighing <6 lbs. were also more likely to have depression (adjOR 1.21, 95% CI 1.11–1.31). Individuals born preterm were also more likely to have depression (adjOR 1.18, 95% CI 1.02–1.35); while attenuated, this association remained in analyses limited to only those reportedly born weighing <6 lbs. Our research supports the role of early life exposures on health risks across the life course. Individuals born at low or high birthweights and those born preterm may benefit from early evaluation and long-term follow-up for the prevention and treatment of mental health outcomes.
Characterization (and Registration) of a “BRI Dispute”
Authors: KIRKWOOD Jamieson
Published: October 2023

This article explores the terms “BRI dispute” and “BRI jurisprudence”. It undertakes a practical and theoretical analysis that considers whether “BRI disputes” have distinct and visible characteristics and are capable of being identified in a legal sense. This is important since practitioners – arbitration centres and law firms – use the term broadly and without specific criteria. By exploring the customary usage and the approach of legal scholars to the term, presenting examples of “BRI disputes” and examining their unique features, and constructing a theoretical approach (utilizing the concepts of ratione materiae, ratione loci, ratione temporis, and ratione personae; and considering the jurisprudence of the ICSID), this article moves from a broad to a narrow analysis to develop both a definition and a system of registration of “BRI disputes” for use by academics, practitioners, and policymakers.
Some Problems of Helicopter Operation and their Influence on Design
Authors: Brie Reginald
Published: October 2023

It gives me very great pleasure to introduce our lecturer this afternoon, Mr. R. A. C. BRIE. I do feel that an introduction is unnecessary as most of you will either know him personally or most certainly have heard of his doings from time to time.

Mr. BRIE has been one of the foremost exponents of rotary wing flight since 1930 during which time he has never lost an opportunity of spreading the gospel of rotary wing aircraft both by word and deed and has a number of very interesting and successful flights to his credit.

He is a Founder Member of our Association and if I had my way would have been its first Chairman. He is also a Founder Member of the American Helicopter Society and of a peculiar tribe known as the “Twirley Birds,” also of America.

It was my good fortune to work very closely with Mr. BRIE for some years before the war and there is no one better fitted to talk to us on the subject he has chosen.
Sikorsky Helicopter Development
Authors: Sikorsky Igor
Published: October 2023

Ladies and Gentlemen,

It is my privilege this evening to introduce to you MR IVOR SIKORSKY, the eminent engineer responsible for the design and development of the helicopters bearing his name He is going to talk to us about the recent developments of these aircraft

I think it is correct to say that MR SIKORSKY IS the earliest pioneer of helicopters alive today, having been engaged upon experimental work with this type of aircraft as far back as 1910, and he also has the distinction of being the first to produce the helicopter as a realistic and practical aircraft

We have to thank two of our Council Members—Dr Bennett and Wing-Cdr Brie—for suggesting to MR SIKORSKY that he should give us this talk and we all very much appreciate MR SIKORSKY’s gesture in consenting to do so

On behalf of the Association may I extend a very cordial welcome to all our guests
Jet Propulsion of Rotor Blades
Authors: Stepan A
Published: October 2023

From the very beginning of helicopter development the designer has had two major problems, one associated with the balancing of the torque reaction on a mechanically driven rotating system, and the other one that of mechanical difficulties associated with the transmissions ISACCO for instance realized right at the beginning that what he wanted was some jet reaction device on his blade tips, but there was no jet reaction device which was efficient, and he had to have recourse to individual engines, each driving its own propeller on to his blade tips Other designers, such as BRENNAN, in this country, and BLEEKER in America, had recourse to a single engine rotating, with the system This was only half the solution, because they still had to face all the mechanical difficulties From then onwards, many people have tried jet propulsion You will realise that because we have tip speed limitations as we go on to bigger sizes our torque reaction problem becomes worse and worse
The Giant Helicopter
Authors: Fitzwilliams O L L
Published: October 2023

THE CHAIRMAN, introducing the author, spoke of the great work which is being done at Yeovil by Westland Aircraft Limited on helicopters, and of the close association of Mr FITZWILLIAMS with this work He felt sure that Mr Fitzwilliams would agree with the opinion that his paper would give us a peep into the future Papers of this kind were fully in accord with the general activities of the Helicopter Association—not over-optimistic but nevertheless having a firm eye on the future

Mr FITZWILLIAMS gained his B A at Cambridge, and later spent many years with the Autogiro department of Messrs G & J Weir In the year 1940 he joined the Ministry of Supply and was engaged for some time on military projects being concerned with the development of gliders and rotary wing parachutes with Dr BENNETT and Mr HAFNER at the Airborne Forces Experimental Establishment
Simulation of Helicopter Operating Conditions in Ground Tests
Authors: Hafner Raoul
Published: October 2023

Had Daedalus, prior to his legendary flight from Crete on wings of wax and feathers, resorted to a little ground testing under simulated flight conditions, he would possibly not have lost his son Icarus and the art of aeronautical engineering might have joined the ranks of the great classics However, this Greek aircraft designer did not happen to have on this occasion the benefit of a development contract for such test work Indeed, I understand the whole venture was undertaken strictly without the authority of the local Ministry of Aviation, and so the chances for a successful completion of this note-worthy effort were somewhat restricted The designer then, very wisely and no doubt realising the short-comings of the situation, advised strict adherence to a very limited flight envelope, so that there would be a safety margin for contingencies during the ensuing flight
Some Handling Aspects Introduced by Increased Helicopter Requirements
Authors: Gellatly V R
Published: October 2023

Increased helicopter operational requirements and the consequent advances in operating techniques are producing problems which need early recognition It is true that an increased requirement usually means an improvement in performance, but invariably each advance in performance introduces new handling problems In this short paper I will discuss two such handling problems as they effect the present military use of helicopters

Already the extension of pure helicopter flight for world-wide operation in any reasonable weathers and up to higher ceilings has provided new handling problems which we encounter regularly in our present work These I will discuss under the general headings of high altitude and instrument flight I am considering the problem of high altitude handling as a manufacturers problem, and instrument flight as a users problem
Helicopter Maintenance
Authors: Voss E. A.
Published: October 2023

In the field of commercial aviation, the Helicopter is a comparatively new vehicle and, to my mind, one requiring considerable development in respect of servicing, maintenance and overhaul.

As we are all aware, serviceability has an important influence on an aircraft’s revenue flying time. Therefore, I think that it is essential for us to grapple with maintenance problems at an early stage and try to place them in their true perspective.

From my point of view, as an engineer, it is most important to use the aircraft at a high “Utilisation Rate,” without impairing its safety.
General Problems of Helicopter Maintenance
Authors: Leason J.
Published: October 2023

I would first like to express my thanks to the Society of Licensed Aircraft Engineers for the honour of asking me to read this paper and, at the same time, I would like to congratulate both the Helicopter Association of Great Britain and the S.L.A.E. for combining to promote this particular discussion. To some of us this fulfils a long-felt want; mainly the airing of problems of helicopter maintenance from the stand-point of the Licensed Aircraft Engineer.

Since the arrival in this country in 1944 of a production type helicopter, I may say that these problems have been apparent in no small numbers. Before that time, of course, a considerable amount of experience with rotary wing maintenance problems had been gained during the operation of the autogyro in this country, and were were therefore fortunate in having some of this experience behind us at the outset of helicopter operation.
Science and Science‐Enabling Activities of the SHERLOC and WATSON Imaging Systems in Jezero Crater, Mars
Authors: Wogsland B. V. , Minitti M. E. , Kah L. C. , Yingst R. A. , Abbey W. , Bhartia R. , Beegle L. , Bleefeld B. L. , Cardarelli E. L. , Conrad P. G. , Edgett K. , Hickman‐Lewis K. , Hugget J. , Imbeah S. , Kennedy M. R. , Lee C. , Nixon B. E. , Núñez J. I. , Pascuzzo A. , Robinson M. , Sanchez‐Vahamonde C. Rodriguez , Scheller E. , Sharma S. , Siljeström S. , Steadman K. , Winchell K. , Ravine Michael A.
Published: October 2023

During its first year of operation, the Perseverance rover explored the cratered and fractured floor of Jezero crater on Mars. Here, we report the use of the Scanning Habitability Environments with Raman and Luminescence for Organics and Chemicals (SHERLOC) imaging system that includes two high‐resolution cameras, the Autofocus and Contextual Imager (ACI) and Wide Angle Topographic Sensor for Operations and eNgineering (WATSON). ACI is a fixed focus gray scale imager with a resolution of 10.1 μm/pixel whereas WATSON is a variable field of view, variable focus imager capable of resolution down to 14 μm/pixel. WATSON is a reflight of the MArs Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) imager and has similar capabilities. During first‐time activities, WATSON was used to support both science and engineering operations related to sample and abrasion patch assessment and sample collection and caching. WATSON also documented the deployment of the Ingenuity helicopter. The Crater Floor Campaign identified two primary rock units, the Máaz formation and the Séítah formation, which have been interpreted as lava flows and an olivine cumulate, respectively. Interpretation of rock textures with WATSON and ACI images was limited to abraded surfaces because unmodified outcrop surfaces (herein termed “natural surfaces”) show high degrees of dust covering, wind abrasion, and coating by secondary mineral products. WATSON and ACI images support the hypothesis that the material of both the Máaz and Séítah formations consists of largely aqueously altered mafic materials with varying igneous origins.
The Impact of Orbital Precession on Air‐Sea CO2 Exchange in the Southern Ocean
Authors: Persch Cole F. , DiNezio Pedro , Lovenduski Nicole S.
Published: October 2023

Orbital precession has been linked to glacial cycles and the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, yet the direct impact of precession on the carbon cycle is not well understood. We analyze output from an Earth system model configured under different orbital parameters to isolate the impact of precession on air‐sea CO2 flux in the Southern Ocean—a component of the global carbon cycle that is thought to play a key role on past atmospheric CO2 variations. Here, we demonstrate that periods of high precession are coincident with anomalous CO2 outgassing from the Southern Ocean. Under high precession, we find a poleward shift in the southern westerly winds, enhanced Southern Ocean meridional overturning, and an increase in the surface ocean partial pressure of CO2 along the core of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. These results suggest that orbital precession may have played an important role in driving changes in atmospheric CO2.
94 GHz Radar Backscatter Characteristics of Alpine Glacier Ice
Authors: Harcourt W. D. , Robertson D. A. , Macfarlane D. G. , Rea B. R. , Spagnolo M.
Published: October 2023

Measuring the radar backscatter characteristics of glacier ice at different frequencies and incidence angles is fundamental to predicting the glacier mapping performance of a sensor. However, such measurements at 94 GHz do not exist. To address this knowledge gap, we collected 94 GHz radar backscatter data from the surface of Rhônegletscher in Switzerland using the All‐Weather Volcano Topography Imaging Sensor (AVTIS2) real‐aperture Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave radar. We determine the mean normalized radar cross section to be −9.9 dB. The distribution closely follows a log‐normal distribution with a high goodness of fit (R2 = 0.99) which suggests that radar backscatter is diffuse and driven by surface roughness. Further, we quantified the uncertainty of AVTIS2 3D point clouds to be 1.30–3.72 m, which is smaller than other ground‐based glacier surface mapping radars. These results demonstrate that glacier surfaces are an efficient scattering target at 94 GHz, hence demonstrating the suitability of millimeter‐wave radar for glacier monitoring.
Topographic Heterogeneity and Aspect Moderate Exposure to Climate Change Across an Alpine Tundra Hillslope
Authors: Jay K. R. , Wieder W. R. , Swenson S. C. , Knowles J. F. , Elmendorf S. C. , Holland‐Moritz H. , Suding K. N.
Published: October 2023

Alpine tundra ecosystems are highly vulnerable to climate warming but are governed by local‐scale abiotic heterogeneity, which makes it difficult to predict tundra responses to environmental change. Although land models are typically implemented at global scales, they can be applied at local scales to address process‐based ecological questions. In this study, we ran ecosystem‐scale Community Land Model (CLM) simulations with a novel hillslope hydrology configuration to represent topographically heterogeneous alpine tundra vegetation across a moisture gradient at Niwot Ridge, Colorado, USA. We used local observations to evaluate our simulations and investigated the role of topography and aspect in mediating patterns of snow, productivity, soil moisture, and soil temperature, as well as the potential exposure to climate change across an alpine tundra hillslope. Overall, our simulations captured observed gradients in abiotic conditions and productivity among heterogeneous, hydrologically connected vegetation communities (moist, wet, and dry). We found that south facing aspects were characterized by reduced snowpack and drier and warmer soils in all communities. When we extended our simulations to the year 2100, we found that earlier snowmelt altered the timing of runoff, with cascading effects on soil moisture, productivity, and growing season length. However, these effects were not distributed equally across the tundra, highlighting potential vulnerabilities of alpine vegetation in dry, wind‐scoured, and south facing areas. Overall, our results demonstrate how land model outputs can be applied to advance process‐based understanding of climate change impacts on ecosystem function.
LAMC2 mitigates ER stress by enhancing ER-mitochondria interaction via binding to MYH9 and MYH10
Authors: Tong Dongdong , Zhou Jun , Zhou Jing , Wang Xiaofei , Gao Beibei , Rui Xiaoyi , Liu Liying , Chen QiaoYi , Huang Chen
Published: October 2023

Highly proliferative and metastatic tumors are constantly exposed to both intrinsic and extrinsic factors that induce adaptation to stressful conditions. Chronic adaptation to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) ER stress is common to many different types of cancers, and poses a major challenge for acquired drug resistance. Here we report that LAMC2, an extracellular matrix protein upregulated in many types of cancers, is localized in the ER of lung, breast, and liver cancer cells. Under tunicamycin-induced ER stress, protein level of LAMC2 is upregulated. Transfection of cancer cells with LAMC2 resulted in the attenuation of ER stress phenotype, accompanied by elevation in mitochondrial membrane potential as well as reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and apoptosis. In addition, LAMC2 forms protein complexes with MYH9 and MYH10 to promote mitochondrial aggregation and increased ER-mitochondria interaction at the perinuclear region. Moreover, overexpression of LAMC2 counteracts the effects of ER stress and promotes tumor growth in vivo. Taken together, our results revealed that in complex with MYH9 and MYH10, LAMC2 is essential for promoting ER-mitochondria interaction to alleviate ER stress and allow cancer cells to adapt and proliferate under stressful conditions. This study provides new insights and highlights the promising potential of LAMC2 as a therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
Dietary fat quality and serum androgen concentrations in middle-aged men
Authors: Wynne-Ellis Miika M. , Mursu Jaakko J. , Tuomainen Tomi-Pekka , Bertone-Johnson Elizabeth , Salonen Jukka T. , Virtanen Jyrki K.
Published: October 2023

Background/Objectives

Average testosterone concentrations in men have declined over the last few decades. The reasons for this are not fully known, but changes in dietary fat quality have been suggested to have a role. This study aimed to investigate the associations of different dietary fatty acids with serum androgen concentrations.

Subjects/Methods

A total of 2546 men with a mean age of 53 from the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study were included in this cross-sectional study. Associations between dietary saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), polyunsaturated (PUFA) and trans (TFA) fatty acids and concentrations of serum total and free testosterone and steroid hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were analyzed with analysis of covariance and linear regression analysis. Associations of isocaloric replacement of nutrients and androgen concentrations were analyzed with multivariate nutrient-density models.

Results

After adjustment for age, examination year and energy intake, higher SFA intake was associated with higher serum total and free testosterone and SHBG concentrations, and higher PUFA intake with lower concentrations. However, the associations were attenuated and not statistically significant after further adjustments for potential confounders. MUFA and TFA intakes were not associated with androgen concentrations. In isocaloric substitution models, replacing dietary protein with SFA was associated with higher serum total testosterone and SHBG concentrations. After excluding men with history of CVD or diabetes (n = 1021), no statistically significant associations were found.

Conclusions

Dietary fat quality was not independently associated with serum androgen concentrations in middle-aged men. However, replacing protein with SFA may be associated with higher serum androgen concentrations.
Anti-obesity effects of olivetol in adult zebrafish model induced by short-term high-fat diet
Authors: Reshma Andukuri , Tamilanban T. , Chitra V. , Subramaniyan Vetriselvan , Gupta Gaurav , Fuloria Neeraj Kumar , Sekar Mahendran , Fuloria Shivkanya , Sahu Rakesh , Narayanan J. , Chakravarthy Srikumar , Selvaraj Siddharthan
Published: October 2023

Obesity is a complex disease caused by various factors, and synthetic drugs used to treat it can have side effects. Natural compounds, such as olivetol, could be a promising alternative. Olivetol is a substance found in certain lichen species and has anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. In this study, researchers conducted in-silico molecular docking studies and found that olivetol had significant binding affinity with receptors involved in obesity. They also investigated the effects of olivetol on a diet-induced obese zebrafish model and found that high doses of olivetol reduced excessive fat accumulation and triglyceride and lipid accumulation. The low dose of olivetol showed a significant reduction in liver enzymes' levels. However, the high dose of olivetol resulted in a significant increase in HMG-CoA levels. These results suggest that olivetol may be a promising anti-obesity agent for the treatment of hyperlipidemia-related disorders, but further research is necessary to understand its full effects on the body.