bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review: Potensi Bioaktivitas Tumbuhan Alam Gambut Sebagai Bahan Baku Obat
Authors: Irmawan Muhammad , Kalalinggi Septaria Yolan , Nainggolan Yuni
Published: June 2023

Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan di kawasan Asia Tenggara dengan sumber daya alam yang melimpah. Salah satu sumber daya alam hayati yang memiliki potensi bernilai tinggi adalah lahan gambut. Lahan gambut merupakan lahan yang terbentuk dari sisa-sisa bahan organik yang tertimbun dalam jangka waktu yang lama sehingga hanya tumbuhan tertentu yang dapat hidup di lahan tersebut. Tanah lahan gambut berbeda dengan tanah mineral, dimana lahan gambut memiliki karakteristik tersendiri sehingga hanya beberapa tumbuhan yang dapat hidup di kawasan lahan gambut. Review ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi potensi tumbuhan kelakai, bajakah dan bawang dayak dari lahan gambut yang memiliki bioaktivitas untuk bahan baku obat, dengan menggunakan metode literature review. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa tumbuhan tersebut memiliki bioaktivitas seperti antioksidan, antikanker, antibakteri, larvasida, afrodisiaka dan berpotensi dalam mengurangi gejala anemia. Kedepannya dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai bioaktivitas spesifik yang dimiliki oleh tumbuhan tersebut.Indonesia is an archipelagic state in Southeast Asia with abundant natural resources. One of the biological natural resources that has high potential value is peat land. Peatland is formed from the remains of organic matter that has accumulated over a long period of time, so only certain plants can live on the land. Peatland soil is different from mineral soil peatland has its own characteristics, so only a few plants can live in peatland areas. This review aims to explore the potential of peatland peat plants, which have bioactivity as medicinal raw materials, using the literature review method. The results obtained indicate that these plants have bioactivities such as antioxidants, anticancer, antibacterial, larvicidal, and aphrodisiac properties. These plants also have the potential to reduce the symptoms of anemia. In the future, further research will be carried out regarding the specific bioactivity possessed by these plants.
Escolarização e habitus de classe: um estudo de caso do abandono escolar no período de ensino remoto (Paraíba 2020-2021).
Authors:   , das Chagas Martins de Araújo Daniel
Published: June 2023

O abandono escolar no período em que se instauraram as aulas remotas por conta da COVID-19 no Brasil teve um aumento de 3% entre jovens de 6 a 18 anos, quando comparado o primeiro trimestre de 2020 com o primeiro trimestre de 2021 (ALVES, 2022). Esse é o contexto desta pesquisa, que se volta para a compreensão do abandono em uma escola de ensino fundamental localizada em um município de pequeno porte do Cariri Ocidental paraibano. Usamos como aporte teórico o pensamento de Pierre Bourdieu (2007) sobre o rendimento escolar diferencial, que enfatiza elementos importantes do habitus de classe como determinante social no rendimento escolar: a origem social e o capital cultural transmitido pela família. A nossa pesquisa é de cunho qualitativo e tem como objetivo geral interpretar o contexto das famílias cujos filhos não participaram nem das aulas nem das atividades do sistema de ensino remoto, sendo esse estudo uma análise do abandono escolar. Estudamos os casos de quatro famílias, realizando oito entrevistas semiestruturadas: uma com o estudante e uma com um de seus responsáveis, ouvidos separadamente. Constatamos que os habitus dos sujeitos dessa pesquisa são semelhantes, tendo em vista a posição na estrutura social, o histórico similar de baixa escolarização e inserção precoce no mercado de trabalho e a aproximação quanto a costumes e gostos. Sendo assim, os entrevistados compartilham uma estrutura de relação comum, uma representação similar sobre escolarização, aspirações sociais e dificuldades semelhantes, ou seja, o destino semelhante. Compreendemos que a origem social (o habitus), a falta de capital cultural para auxiliar os filhos na empreitada que foram as aulas remotas, a maior valorização do trabalho em detrimento dos estudos, a culpabilização individual pelo destino dos filhos, junto com a falta de políticas públicas que busquem extinguir as disparidades decorrentes da origem social, foram os determinantes do abandono escolar que identificamos através das entrevistas.
O processo de ensino e aprendizagem durante a pandemia do vírus SARS-COV-2.
Authors:   , de Oliveira Santos Gustavo
Published: June 2023

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar um estudo sobre o processo de ensino e aprendizagem durante a pandemia do vírus SARS-CoV-2, mostrando como se deu cada momento escolar nesse período e analisando como ocorreu na prática o ensino remoto de sociologia em três escolas estaduais do Cariri Ocidental paraibano. Esse estudo foi iniciado com pesquisas bibliográficas sobre a EAD no Brasil e o uso de TICs no ensino de sociologia desde antes da pandemia. Logo após, foi feito um questionário para professores de sociologia de toda a Paraíba, uma busca de uma visão ampla sobre a situação dos professores da disciplina no ensino médio durante a pandemia. Por fim, foi adotado como método de pesquisa central a observação, realizada nas salas de aula virtuais das escolas pesquisadas, com uma média de 03 meses de observação em cada escola, no ano de 2021. A entrada em campo foi iniciada com entrevista com gestores e professores de sociologia das três escolas e, logo após, o acompanhamento das aulas remotas online. Os diários de campo e os quadros para a coleta de informações durante as aulas foram de extrema importância para o entender o funcionamento do ensino remoto. Por fim, a partir das informações obtidas na pesquisa, foi possível notar que, apesar de um maior preparo e planejamento, no ano de 2021 em relação ao primeiro ano da pandemia, o ensino remoto ainda apresentou muitos empecilhos, dentre eles: o baixo número de estudantes nas aulas remotas online; a falta de participações significativas dos estudantes nas aulas; a sobrecarga na carga horária dos professores e a falta de incentivo com aparatos tecnológicos para a realização do ensino remoto.
O modo de vida camponês: apontamentos a partir da Comunidade Caldeirão em Brejinho - PE.
Authors:   , Rodrigues da Silva Aucilene
Published: June 2023

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar as dinâmicas desenvolvidas pelos camponeses(as) na comunidade Caldeirão, Brejinho/ PE, para assegurar sua reprodução social e o modo de vida camponês. O aporte teórico escolhido foi Bosetti (2012), Carvalho (2015), Sabourin (1999; 2009), Wanderley (1996; 2015); Nascimento Rosa e Staccianiri (2012; 2014); Heredia (2013) e Nabarro (2021). A metodologia adotada foi de caráter qualitativo, realizada a partir da observação participante e realização de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, contendo questões sobre os aspectos organizacionais da comunidade, socioeconômicos, produtivos e culturais vivenciados pelos (as) camponeses (as) na comunidade. No que se refere às indagações da pesquisa empírica, foi constatado que os camponeses (as) se reproduzem socialmente e asseguram o modo de vida através de estratégias individuais (acesso à terra, produção diversificada, produção para o auto-consumo, mão de obra familiar, recebimentos de aposentadorias e benefícios) e por meios coletivos (participação na associação, feira, dentre outros) e também pela relação estabelecida com o espaço, isto é, as relações sociais e econômicas estabelecidas dentro da comunidade.
Universidade e maternidade: a experiência de mulheres que se tornaram mães durante a graduação.
Authors:   , dos Santos Oliveira Dário Andreza
Published: June 2023

Conciliar a maternidade a vida acadêmica pode representar grandes desafios, por serem compromissos que requerem muita dedicação, tempo, cuidado e envolvimento afetivo. Essa questão é especialmente difícil no contexto de uma sociedade patriarcal, em que recaem sobre as mulheres as responsabilidades e os cuidados com a prole e com a casa, aumentando o cansaço físico e mental decorrentes da maternidade, especialmente no primeiro ano do bebê. Diante desse panorama, a presente pesquisa objetivou analisar os impactos da maternidade no rendimento acadêmico de estudantes que se tornaram mães durante a graduação. Procurando investigar as principais dificuldades enfrentadas pelas mães universitárias, os possíveis fatores determinantes na continuidade ou não dos estudos após a maternidade das universitárias. Foi realizado um estudo quali-quanti-qualitativo de abordagem descritiva e analítica que avaliou o perfil e as percepções de 24 universitárias que gestaram ou tiveram um ou mais filhos ao longo do percurso da graduação em instituições de ensino superior localizadas no estado da Paraíba e Pernambuco. O instrumento de coleta empregado foi um formulário virtual semiestruturado, contendo 60 questões, a fim de avaliar o contexto familiar, cultural e econômico em que vivem as informantes, com perguntas sobre trajetória acadêmica, desempenho, dificuldades, percepções a cerca do rendimento acadêmico antes e após a maternidade e participação do pai nos cuidados com o(s) filho(s). Adicionalmente, foi feita análise de conteúdo voltada para relatos de experiência sobre maternidade e universidade em redes sociais. A partir dos resultados obtidos na pesquisa, foi constatado sobrecarga perceptível na autoavaliação de desempenho acadêmico, profissional e doméstico. Houve um Aumento no percentual de trancamento ou reprovação de disciplinas 9 (42,9%) chegaram a trancar ou reprovar entre 1 a 2 disciplinas, 3 (14,3%) entre 3 a 4 disciplinas e 1 (4,8%) trancou ou reprovou 7 ou mais disciplinas após a maternidade, enquanto, antes de serem mães, as que já haviam trancado ou reprovado eram apenas 8 (40%). Os pensamentos sobre desistir do curso também passaram de 1 (4,8%) que consideraram a opção com frequência para 12 (52,2%) com esse pensamento após a maternidade. Não se trata, porém, de algo inevitável a rede de apoio é apontada como essencial por parte de 11 informantes que estão em curso em andamento e das 10 que conseguiram concluir.
Sociologia e cinema: um guia pedagógico para o ensino médio.
Authors:   , Florêncio Sales Zenalda
Published: June 2023

Este trabalho teve como principal objetivo demonstrar a possibilidade do uso de material audiovisual de curta-metragem nas aulas de Sociologia a partir da elaboração de lições. Para tal, foi desenvolvido um estudo documental de duas das principais normas que regem o ensino médio brasileiro, sendo elas a BNCC e as OCN’s acerca dos conhecimentos sociológicos aplicados a esta categoria do ensino, além da utilização de outros estudos que são referência na área.. Também foram retirados do Youtube materiais de audiovisual (curtas-metragens) que foram associados a teorias, temas e conceitos da Sociologia que possam ser aplicados em sala de aula. A principal contribuição deste trabalho constituiu-se na elaboração de 05 (cinco) lições que orientam os professores no uso do audiovisual em sala de aula, tais instrumentos possuem como materiais e teorias os seguintes: Lição 1 – Vida Maria, associada a teoria de Pierre Bourdieu tratando da violência simbólica; Lição II - Você está perdido no mundo, assim como eu?, ligada a teoria de Zygmunt Bauman a respeito da modernidade líquida; Lição III - O sonho impossível, relacionada a teoria de Simone de Beauvoir acerca do segundo sexo; Lição IV – Escolhas, correlacionada com a teoria de Émile Durkheim que diz respeito ao fato social e a Lição V – O emprego, ligada a teoria de alienação do trabalho de Karl Marx. Tais materiais possuem como intuito principal colaborar para uma melhor transposição didática dos conhecimentos sociológicos visando facilitar o trabalho do professor e aumentar o interesse dos alunos pela Sociologia. As principais referências utilizadas neste trabalho foram as legislações BNCC e OCN’s, e ainda, os estudos realizados por: Rocha (2020); Oliveira (2019) e Napolitano (2003).
Knowledge Level of Hypertension among Pre-Hypertensive Market Traders in Lagos State
Authors: I.O. Okesiji , A.M. Amosu , W.K. Okesiji
Published: June 2023

Pre-hypertension means borderline hypertension and if unchecked can lead to hypertension and its other consequences. Stressful occupations such as market trading can predispose persons to hypertension disorders due to long work hours, little or no rest and this raised concern for pre-hypertensive traders’ routine and their health status. Studies have shown benefits of health-education intervention in enhancing appropriate hypertension prevention information. However, this is limited in Nigeria. Therefore, this research assessed knowledge level of hypertension among pre-hypertensive market traders in Lagos State. Two major markets were surveyed to obtain sample size of 140 traders. By voluntary participation, the pre-hypertensive traders were grouped per market into Intervention Group (IG: 70) and Control Group (CG: 70). The IG was assigned to 6-weeks health education modules on hypertension once weekly for 15 minutes and CG had placebo for same duration. Research instrument with reliability coefficient (0.79) was used to collect data. Response rate was 98.6%. Data were analysed at 5% level of significance. Findings showed the baseline, mean score of knowledge in the IG was 15.37 ± 5.20, and for CG was 15.33 ± 3.93. Comparing the baseline and immediate post-intervention, there was a significant difference in the knowledge mean scores of participants in the IG (20.04 ± 1.54), but, there was a slight decline in the CG 15.32 ± 3.88 at p > 0.05. In conclusion, health-education intervention had positive influence on hypertension-related knowledge of pre-hypertensive traders in Lagos State. It was recommended that health workers should adopt regular market-based health-education programs to promote hypertension prevention
NETosis and non-ST elevation acute myocardial infarction: pathophysiological significance and circulating markers
Authors: Popovici Mihail , Ivanov Victoria , Popovici Ion , Ciobanu Lucia , Munteanu Mihaela , Moraru Ion , Popovici Ion , Cobet Valeriu
Published: June 2023

Scop. Evaluarea rolului morții neutrofilelor (NET-ozei) în evoluția infarctului miocardic acut fără elevarea segmentului ST (NSTEMI) prin aprecierea nivelurilor circulante de admitere în staționar ale markerilor care au în plan fiziopatologic tangență la acest fenomen. Material și metode. Cercetarea s-a realizat pe un lot de 54 de pacienți cu NSTEMI, supuși angioplastiei coronariene în laboratorul de cardiologie intervențională în cadrul proiectului științific din cadrul Programului de stat, la care prin metoda ELISA s-a determinat conținutul seric al 7 markeri biochimici: Selectina E, moleculei de adeziune intercelulare 1(ICAM-1), fosfolipaza 2(PhA2), interleukina 8 (IL-8), elastaza neutrofilelor ( EN), mieloperoxidaza (MPO) și metaloproteinaza 8 (MMP-8). Lotul de control a fost format din 30 de persoane aparent sănătoase. Rezultate. Rezultatele obținute indică prezența devierilor incrementale semnificative ale tuturor markerilor explorați la pacienții cu NSTEMI în comparație cu nivelul control. Markerii mai specifici ai NETozei (MPO, EN și MMP-8) au excelat prin rata maximă de elevare în ser, decelată în limitele 88-151%. Ceilalți markeri au avut o rată de creștere a nivelurilor lor circulante de 50-74%. Concluzie. La pacienții cu NSTEMI nivelurile circulante de admitere ale markerilor specifici ai NET-ozei, mieloperoxidaza, elastaza neutrofilelor și MMP-8 sunt elevate cu 88-151% față de control, fapt ce indică asupra rolului patogenetic al NET-ozei și, totodată, invocă plauzibil acestor markeri valoare predictivă diagnostică și prognostică.
Multi-marker panel in patients with NSTEMI: pillars of pathogenesis and diagnostics
Authors: Popovici Mihail , Ivanov Victoria , Popovici Ion , Ciobanu Lucia , Munteanu Mihaela , Popovici Ion , Cobet Valeriu
Published: June 2023

Aim. Assessment within the multi-marker panel applied to patients with NSTEMI of admission levels of the main markers of cardiovascular pathology in order to disentangle the pathogenetic interface and identify diagnostic predictors. Material and methods. The research was carried out on a group of 87 patients with NSTEMI, exposed to angioplasty, in which the admission values of 2 morphofunctional markers of endothelial dysfunction were determined, as well as the serum levels of 53 biochemical markers with reference to: inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, cell injury, hemostasis disorder, myocardial and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. The control group has consisted of 40 apparently healthy people. Results. The analysis of the multi-makrer panel revealed significant deviations of the majority of the explored markers compared to the control level. Endothelial dysfunction was marked by the increase of thickness of the medial-intima complex of the carotid artery and the decrease of the flow-mediated dilation of brachial artery in association with a 7694% raise of endothelial cell fragments (EF), phospholipase A2 (PhA2) and angiopoietin 2 (Ang 2). Among 16 markers of inflammation, the elevation of myeloperoxidase (MPO) by 156% is remarkable as a specific marker of NETosis. Activated oxidative stress is the result of the impairment of the antioxidant defense, and hemostasis disorder must be underlined by double increase of fibrin monomers (FM). From a pathogenetic point of view, the multiple increase (more than 8 times) of cardiac myosin-binding protein (cMyBP-C) is important and understandable, and the markers of myocardial and ECM remodeling basically demonstrated an activation of several types of metalloproteinases. Conclusion. From the spectrum of the multi-marker panel applied to patients with NSTEMI, markers with plausible diagnostic value due to inteligibly reflected pathogenetic mechanism are highlighted as: MPO, PhA2, Ang 2, EF, FM, and cMyBP-C.
Exercise capacity in patients with right ventricular dysfunction in the early stage after myocardial revascularization
Authors: Cazacu Janna , Bursacovschi Daniela , Dodu Stela , Vataman Eleonora
Published: June 2023

Background. Exercise capacity is strongly associated with morbidity, as well as all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with heart failure. Right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) appears to be an independent predictor of exercise intolerance, but its influence on patients’ exercise capacitiy in the early period after myocardial revascularization remains unclear. Purpose: evaluation of exercise capacity in patients with DVD 3 months after myocardial revascularization. Methods. The research is a prospective analytical study which is part of the scientific project „ALTERICC” within the State Program 2020-2023. The research included 114 patients 3 months after myocardial revascularization by coronary artery by-pass grafting or percutaneous coronary angioplasty. They were divided into 2 groups according to the presence of RVD: Gr. RVD - 35 patients and Gr. non-RVD -79 patients. All patients were investigated by echocardiography, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and 6 minute walking test (6MWT). Results. Peak oxygen consumption (VO2p) achieved by patients in the RVD group was significantly lower (1018.0±400.6 ml/min) compared to those in the non-RVD group (1243.9±336, 6 ml/min), p<0.05. VO2p related to the maximum predicted value (VO2p%) was inferior in patients with RVD (49.2±13.3% vs 58.5±15.0%), p=0.01, as well as VO2p related to body mass was lower in the RVD group (VO2p/kg - 11.9±3.9 ml/min/kg vs 14.6±4.1 ml/min/kg), p=0.01. S’ RV and TAPSE correlated positively and statistically significantly with VO2p, VO2p% and VO2p/kg. Patients with RVD performed a lower distance during 6MWT (313.5±72 m vs 338.1±65.5 m). However, the results of 6MWT correlated positively with the work rate performed during CPET and VO2p, VO2p/kg, VO2p%. Conclusion. Exercise capacity (expressed both by maximal work rate and by VO2p, VO2p/kg, VO2p%, but also by the distance performed during TM6M) was lower in patients with RVD at 3 months after myocardial revascularization
Bleeding events occurring in patients sdminitering double antiplatelet therapy (aspirin + P2Y12 inhibitor – clopidogrel)
Authors: Dogot Marta , Grib Andrei , Vataman Eleonora , Capros Natalia
Published: June 2023

In patients with coronary artery disease, percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) are the mainstay of treatment for those presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS); PCI has also been widely adopted in patients with chronic coronary syndromes. Adjuvant pharmacotherapy, especially antithrombotic therapy, is the key to reducing local thrombotic complications and systemic ischemic events among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions, but is inevitably associated with the occurrence of bleeding events. Prasugrel and ticagrelor are preferred over clopidogrel in patients with ACS in the absence of contraindications. Despite this, clopidogrel remains the most widely used. In this article, the bleeding events that occurred during 6-12 months of dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin + P2Y12 inhibitor - clopidogrel) in patients who underwent myocardial revascularization by PCI, the factors that favored their occurrence and the use of the prediction score were studied.
Efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy in patients with sleep apnea and resistant hypertension
Authors: Corsun Olesea , Cotelea Anna , Cociu Maria , Moiseeva Anna , Caraus Alexandru
Published: June 2023

CPAP treatment reduction blood pressure levels, degree of reduction in blood pressure levels is similar to those achieved by some antihypertensive drugs, especially in patients with resistant hypertension. There is a positive and linear correlation between the hours of use of CPAP and the reduction in blood pressure levels. CPAP decreases both the sympathetic activity and the level of aldosterone concentration on resistant hypertension patients, and these could constitute some of the pathophysiological action mechanisms involved in this treatment. The treatment and adherence to CPAP therapy along with other antihypertensive medications greatly reduce and prevent high blood pressure, CVD, and stroke.
The role of baroreflex activation therapy in patients with resistant hypertension
Authors: Corsun Olesea , Cociu Maria , Cotelea Anna , Popescu Liuba , Moiseeva Anna , Caraus Alexandru
Published: June 2023

Resistant hypertension has become an interesting and controversial topic in the last decade. According to the European Guidelines for the management and treatment of hypertension, resistant hypertension is defined as the lack of blood pressure control despite the control of risk factors and good compliance with a treatment with at least three antihypertensives in the maximum tolerated doses, one of which is a diuretic, at patients in whom possible causes of secondary arterial hypertension were excluded. In the official position of the AHA (American Heart Association) on this subject, resistant HTN is considered as HTN uncontrolled with three antihypertensive drugs or HTN controlled but requiring at least four drugs. Although the medical world has a complex arsenal of antihypertensive preparations, with them it is not possible to correct the values in a good part of the patients. A solution would be the development and study of the effectiveness of baroreflex activation therapy.
Management of multimodal treatment of kidney cancer
Authors: Ghervas Andrian
Published: June 2023

Introduction. Renal cancer is a frequent tumor of the urinary system and occupies about 3% of the structure of oncological morbidity in adults. It has a significant worldwide morbidity - of about 200 thousand and a mortality of about 100 thousand annually. These trends are also characteristic of European and Romanian countries. The aim of the paper – is to carry out an analysis of the treatment management, including multimodality, of kidney cancer. Material and methods. To highlight the methods of multimodal treatment of kidney cancer. Bibliographic sources and clinical cases from the European and Eurasian literature, North America, Romania, the Republic of Moldova, and 256 records of kidney cancer patients undergoing specialized oncological treatments were analyzed. Conclusions. The multimodal treatment of renal cancer includes – surgical method, oncological method – chemotherapy, radiotherapy, biological and genomic treatment – personalized in perspective.
The significance of the quality of consumed fats and hypothermal stimulation in anti-inflammatory mechanisms and in the prevention of obesity
Authors: Fedash Vasile
Published: June 2023

An overview analysis highlighting the possibilities of solving the problem of preventing the formation of an obesoand diabetogenic environment, preventing inflammatory processes in adipose tissue, imbalance in the mechanisms of neuroendocrine interactions of relationships based on an integrated approach, characterized by a harmonious combination of individualized correction of the applied diet with hypothermic stimulation.
Hidrojen Kullanılan Ortak Hat Yakıt Püskürtme Sistemli Bir Dizel Motorda Çevrimsel Yanma Değişimlerinin Araştırılması
Authors: ŞANLI Ali , YILMAZ İlker Turgut
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışmada, yüksek basınçlı yakıt püskürtme teknolojisine sahip dört silindirli bir dizel motorda hidrojen gazı emme kanalından fumigasyon yöntemiyle silindirlere verilerek sabit devirde (1750 d/dak) iki farklı motor yükünde (60 Nm ve 100 Nm) test edilmiştir. Hidrojen debisi, dakikada 10 litreden (H10) 50 litreye (H50) kadar 10 l/dak’lık artışlarla değiştirilmiştir. Yapılan yanma analizinde 200 çevrim için standart sapma ve çevrimsel değişim katsayıları incelendiğinde; 100 Nm’de krank açısına bağlı olarak silindir basıncında en az çevrimsel değişim H30 ve H40 oranlarında elde edilmiştir. Test motoru, düşük yükte çalıştırıldığında artan hidrojen miktarıyla birlikte maksimum silindir basıncının ve maksimum yanma sıcaklığının tüm çevrimlerde daha erken oluştuğu belirlenmiştir. 60 Nm’de en yüksek silindir basıncı H50 ile 365o krank açısında 82,97 bar, 100 Nm’de dizel ile 374o krank açısında 109,32 bar olarak belirlenmiştir. Düşük motor torkunda, H20 ile 375o krank açısında 38,01 J/o olarak elde edilen ısı dağılım oranı, yüksek torkta H50 ile 377o krank açısında 70,39 J/o olarak elde edilmiştir. Maksimum ısı dağılımı oranı değerleri tüm çevrimler için düşük yükte 371-377o krank açısı aralığında değişirken, tork artışıyla birlikte değerler daha geniş bir krank açısı aralığında (370-379o krank açısı) elde edilmiştir. En yüksek yanma sıcaklıkları, düşük yükte H20 ile 390o krank açısında 1571 K değerinde elde edilirken, yüksek torkta 392o krank açısında H50 ile 2449 K değerinde elde edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda, 200 çevrim boyunca en yüksek sıcaklıklar düşük yükte 388-392o krank açısı aralığında değişirken, yüksek yükte daha geniş krank açısı aralığında (386-393o krank açısı) değişmiştir. Ortalama indike basınç ve maksimum silindir basıncı için çevrimsel değişim katsayıları 100 Nm’de H50 çalışması haricinde tüm çalışma koşulları için %3’ün altında kalmıştır. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda, belirli çalışma şartları altında hidrojenin ortak hatlı dizel motorda çevrimsel değişimlerin azalmasına katkı sağladığı tespit edilmiştir.
Physiological Interpretation of Cardiotocograph: Does the Emerging Scientific Evidence Suggest a Reversal in the “Thunder and Lightning” Phenomenon?
Authors:   Global Academy of Medical Education Training, London, UK, Chandraharan Edwin
Published: June 2023

Physiological interpretation of Cardiotocograph (CTG) involves incorporation of the knowledge of fetal physiological response to intrapartum hypoxic and mechanical stresses and diagnosing different types of fetal hypoxia, to individualise care.
Visual Literacy for Education Professionals
Authors: Huilcapi-Collantes Catalina , Hernández-Ramos Juan Pablo , Hernández Martín Azucena
Published: June 2023

Visual literacy (VL) is essential for improving the visual communication skills of graduate students who desire to develop instructional material or manage Information and Communication Technology (ICT)-mediated learning. However, in the current challenging and highly visual digital world, the Ecuadorian context needs a well-structured graduate program of VL. Indeed, promoting visually literate professionals in Education and other fields has yet to be understood as a complement to their digital competence development. This educational intervention was conducted with graduates from different areas of study who were in an ICT in an Education program. The specific content was integrated into one of the subjects. The VL training module described focuses on the themes, subtopics, and teaching methodology. The professor identified the most difficult topics for students to understand. This experience aims to help scholars, teachers, or researchers who want to perform an intervention in a similar context to make learning design and content decisions.
The Women Elderly in Pondok: A Case Study in Pattani Province, Thailand
Authors: Daraha Kanlaya
Published: June 2023

Pondok (Note 1) where to find the meaning of life seek knowledge and identifying yourself with Allah.The objective social welfare in Pondok in Pattani province. The study utilized qualitative method during June to December 2022. The community recommended, that included two Imams, five communities and twenty elderly females. The findings revealed that Pondak was the harmonious place for elderly to pray, studied the religion for the next life and the elderly could do the activities, talked to each other. The government gave the Welfare allowance each month for the Elderly and gave the budget for repairing Pondok and constructed the pathway for elderly. The communities devoted the land (Wakaf) (Note 1) for construct the small hut for them and they gave the date palm in Ramadan and zakat for them after Ramadan and the elderly liked to talk about the old experiences when they have ever lived with their children. They asked the community to maintain pondok to lean for them sustainable.
台灣代謝健康過重/肥胖者與頸動脈粥狀動脈疾病之相關性研究
Authors: 汪光仲 汪光仲 , 許馨尹 許馨尹 , 鍾嫈嫈 鍾嫈嫈 , Jin-Jin Tjung 鄒孟婷 , Meng-Ting Tsou 陳薇安 , 鄭巧瑄 鄭巧瑄 , 黃偉新 黃偉新
Published: June 2023

目的：代謝症候群與心血管疾病的關聯性已經相當確立，然而代謝健康的過重/肥胖(metabolically healthy overweight/obesity, MHOO)族群與心血管疾病的關係卻沒有明確的定論，這篇研究希望找出MHOO和頸動脈斑塊的關係。

方法：本篇研究蒐集了5,418位前往台北馬偕紀念醫院健康檢查的民眾。過重/肥胖定義為身體質量指數(BMI)大於等於24 kg/m2，代謝健康的定義為不符合代謝症候群的族群。我們將參與者們分成四組：代謝健康的體重正常(metabolically healthy normal weight, MHNW)；代謝健康的過重/肥胖(MHOO)；代謝不健康的體重正常(metabolically unhealthy normal weight, MUNW)；代謝不健康的體重過重/肥胖(metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity MUOO)。頸動脈斑塊則透過頸動脈超音波檢查，斑塊的定義為頸動脈周邊厚度大於50%或0.5 mm，或是頸動脈內壁中層厚度大於1.5 mm。

結果：在本篇的5,418位民眾中女性約佔46.4%，平均年齡為52.5±11.4歲。頸動脈斑塊的盛行率在MHNW組為15.5%，而MHOO組為21.4%。多元羅吉斯迴歸的分析顯示相較於MHNW組，MHOO組有增加頸動脈斑塊的風險[odds ratio (OR) 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.51]，同樣的結果也發生在MUNW組(OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.27-1.95)以及MUOO組(OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.60-2.27)。用性別以及年齡層（<65或≥65歲）的次群組分析也分別有同樣的趨勢。

結論：本篇研究顯示代謝健康的過重/肥胖族群仍然有較高的心血管疾病風險，且無論性別或年齡層都顯示類似的趨勢。

 

Purpose: The relationship between metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease is well established. However, the relationship between metabolically healthy overweight/obesity (MHOO) and atherosclerotic disease remains unclear. This study evaluated the association between the MHOO phenotype and the risk of carotid artery plaque development.

Methods: We examined 5,418 patients who underwent health check-ups at the Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan. Overweight/obese was defined as a body mass index ≥24 kg/m2. Metabolically healthy was defined as individuals who did not meet the criteria for metabolic syndrome. Participants were classified into four groups: metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW); MHOO; metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW); and metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUOO). The carotid artery was examined using carotid duplex ultrasound by experienced clinicians and defined as focal wall thickening >50% (or 0.5 mm) of the surrounding intima–media thickness (IMT) or carotid IMT (cIMT) >1.5 mm.

Results: A total of 5,418 participants (46.4% female) were enrolled, with a mean age of 52.5±11.4 years. The prevalence of carotid artery plaque was 15.5% in the MHNW group and 21.4% in the MHOO group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the MHOO group had a higher risk of carotid artery plaque formation [odds ratio (OR) 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.51] than the MHNW group. Similar results were found in the MUNW (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.27-1.95) and MUOO (OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.60-2.27) groups. Subgroup analysis stratified by sex and age (<65 or ≥65 years) also showed a similar pattern.

Conclusions: Individuals with a MHOO phenotype are at a higher risk of carotid atherosclerotic disease, irrespective of sex or age.

 
台灣中老年族群健康識能與憂鬱症狀之相關性研究
Authors: 江宜庭 江宜庭 , 劉子弘 劉子弘
Published: June 2023

目的：為了解台灣中老年族群健康識能與憂鬱症狀的關聯，本研究以收案具國家代表性的中老年族群資料庫進行分析。研究將納入各項可能與老年憂鬱相關的因子，以檢驗健康識能是否為與中老年族群憂鬱症狀相關的獨立因子。

方法：本研究利用2015年衛生福利部國民健康署的「台灣地區中老年身心社會生活狀況長期追蹤調查」資料庫進行分析，共收案5,304人。本研究以卡方檢定、獨立t檢定分析各變項與憂鬱風險的單變項關聯，以多元線性迴歸分析自變項與憂鬱分數的關聯，並採用逐步迴歸分析加入健康識能進行分析，另以羅吉斯迴歸分析主要自變項與憂鬱風險的關聯。

結果：低憂鬱風險(CES-D<10)族群健康識能平均為40.1分，而高憂鬱風險(CES-D≥10)族群健康識能平均為23.9分，兩者具有顯著差異(p<0.05)。線性迴歸分析結果顯示健康識能分數愈高(β=-0.13)，則憂鬱傾向愈低。健康識能較佳、分數高於平均值（即38分及以上）者，相較於健康識能較差、分數低於平均值（即37分及以下）者，能夠降低48.5%憂鬱風險(OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.40-0.66)。
結論：健康識能較高的中老年民眾罹患憂鬱風險較低。增進健康識能可能是未來中老年族群心理健康研究的一個方向。

 

Purpose: To understand the relationship between health literacy and depressive symptoms in the middle-aged and older population in Taiwan, the study analyzed nationally representative data and directed its attention to various factors related to depression in middle-aged and elderly people to examine whether health literacy can be an independent factor correlated with depressive symptoms in this population.

Methods: The study analyzed the data from the 2015 Taiwan Longitudinal Survey on Aging conducted by National Health Administration of the Ministry of Health and Welfare. A total of 5,304 cases were enrolled. The chi-square test and the independent t-test were used to analyze the univariate association between variables and depression risk. Multiple linear regression was performed to analyze the relationship between independent variables and depression scores, with health literacy added in the stepwise regression analysis. In addition, logistic regression was applied to examine the relationship between the main independent variables and depression risk.

Results: The average health literacy score of the low-depression risk group (CES-D<10) was 40.1, while that of the high-risk group (CES-D≥10) was 23.9, indicating a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that the higher the score of health literacy (β=-0.13), the lower the risk of depression. Cases with good health literacy and scoring above the average (38 or higher) were able to reduce the risk of depression by 48.5% (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.40-0.66), compared with those with poor health literacy and scoring below the average (37 or lower).

Conclusion: Middle-aged and older people with higher health literacy are at a lower risk of depression. Improving health literacy therefore merits further studies for its contribution to mental health.

 
目連寶卷故事研究——以《目連緣起》、《目連寶卷全集》和《目連三世寶卷》為例
Authors: 許妙慧 許妙慧
Published: June 2023

目連救母是在中國流傳甚久的孝道故事，有經典、變文、寶卷和戲曲等各種體裁，逐漸通俗化。雖然故事流傳很久，從局限框架到突破框架，故事有不同的版本，但仍有一定的故事劇情與公式。目連救母的故事為了在中國順利傳播，以宣揚佛教，故事逐漸中國化、通俗化，與中國當地融合並在地化。故事文本的源流與版本比對，都是學者們長期所探討的，對於變化背後的原因，也都各有看法。目連救母故事存在已久，淵源流長，因此核心價值也連同劇情，有更深一步的變化。於是本篇採用變文《目連緣起》、寶卷《目連寶卷全集》與《目連三世寶卷》，進行文獻分析與比對，找出情節演變的差別，探索為了融入中國當地，情節與價值有何樣的變動。

 
從楊青矗〈昭玉的青春〉〈龜爬壁與水崩山〉探析女工勞動心境
Authors: 廖乙璇 廖乙璇
Published: June 2023

楊青矗的《工廠女兒圈》小說以女工族群為關心的主體，他以自己親身在高雄加工出口區的見聞，為女工在工廠經歷的不公與剝削發聲，本論文的研究範圍以《工廠女兒圈》中的〈昭玉的青春〉〈龜爬壁與水崩山〉為探討內容，先是探析女工的勞動異化心境，並分析女工對工作產生疏離心境的原因，再來是探析工廠在資本主義的運作之下，女工受到勞動剝削的情況，最後是探析小說中的意象手法運用，楊青矗以細膩筆觸描寫了女兒在工廠的心酸血淚，本篇論文研究以理論分析形塑女工抽象曲折心境的原因，以理性的視角觀察溫柔卻又充滿力量的女兒心。

 
「西螺柑」詩賦意象初探
Authors: 王綺雯 王綺雯
Published: June 2023

「柑」進入臺灣幾百年來，受到普羅大眾的喜愛。臺灣居民吃柑詠柑，更透過作家的吟詠，品味柑的色、香、味及各種蘊含意境。蒐羅《全臺賦校訂》，整篇賦作直接描寫「柑」的有：〈西螺柑賦〉、〈蜜柑賦並序〉、〈西螺柑賦（一）〉、〈西螺柑賦（二）〉等四篇，均是以「柑」為題，而其中三篇更直接以「西螺柑」為題。「西螺柑」在先民的生活當中，是怎樣的角色？再從《全臺詩》作品來看，以「西螺柑」為題的有：〈西螺柑七言十六韻〉、〈西螺柑二首〉、〈詠西螺柑〉、〈詠西螺柑之一〉、〈詠西螺柑之二〉及〈西螺柑〉三首，等十首。以「西螺柑」為題的詩與賦，除了記錄下它的美味，是否還有深層意象蘊含其中，頗值得吾人深入探究。

 

Gan (Tangerine)” has been receiving massive popularity since it was introduced to Taiwan hundreds of years ago. Taiwanese locals eat gan, praise gan, and get immersed into the color, scent, flavor, and various imageries of gan through the writers’ chants. There are four rhapsodies directly portraying gan in “All Taiwanese Rhapsody Revision”, including Xiluo Gan Rhapsody, Satsuma Rhapsody, Xiluo Gan Rhapsody (I), Xiluo Gan Rhapsody (II). All of them revolve around “gan”, and three of them set “Xiluo Gan” as the title. What kind of role did “Xiluo Gan” play in our ancestors’ life?After the compilation of works in “All Taiwanese Rhapsody”, there are ten rhapsodies titled with “Xiluo Gan”, including Xiluo Gan Seven Character Sixteen Rhyme, Two Poems of Xiluo Gan, Praise Xiluo Gan, Praise Xiluo Gan (I), Praise Xiluo Gan (II), Xiluo Gan. In addition to recording its deliciousness in the poetry and rhapsody that are titled with “Xiluo Gan”, whether there are deep images contained in it is worthy of our in-depth exploration.

 
Peningkatan Keterampilan Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran melalui Penerapan Pendekatan Kontekstual
Authors: Tryanasari Dewi
Published: June 2023

Keterampilan dalam mengembangkan perangkat perencanaan pembelajaran sangat penting bagi guru. Perencanaan pembelajaran yang baik menjamin pembelajaran yang bermutu.  Pembelajaran seni tari drama di Sekolah Dasar (SD) sebagai salah satu mata kuliah di Prodi PGSD memberikan bekal keterampilan pada mahasiswa untuk mampu mengelola pembelajaran seni di SD. Kenyataannya di semester 5 kelas D Prodi PGSD UNIPMA, RPP yang dikembangkan mahasiswa belum mencapai nilai baik oleh karena itu perlu perbaikan proses pembelajaran dengan pendekatan kontekstual. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan sebanyak 3 siklus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada siklus ke tiga terjadi perbaikan pada segi proses pembelajaran maupun hasil belajar. RPP yang dikembangkan oleh mahasiswa mengalami perbaikan kualitas rata-rata sebesar 10 sampai dengan 15% baik dari aspek format, isi, maupun kebahasaan. Ketuntasan klasikal yang dicapai oleh mahasiswa mencapai 90%. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa pendekatan kontekstual efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan mahasiswa dalam mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa melalui Metode Demonstrasi dan Media Nyata
Authors: Mutiawati Mutiawati , Amin Muhammad , Zubaidah Sitti
Published: June 2023

Pembelajaran materi perlakuan benih pada tanaman pangan sangat kurang diminati oleh siswa dikarenakan pelajaran tersebut membutuhkan ketelitian dan kecermatan di dalam penilaiannya sehingga perlu praktek yang berkesinambungan untuk materi pembelajaran selanjutnya. Maka dari itu, dibutuhkan metode demonstrasi dan penggunaan media nyata sebagai upaya untuk menarik minat para siswa dalam belajar. Melalui Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini, peneliti menguji efektivitas kedua metode tersebut dengan mengacu pada hasil belajar siswa kelas XI-A2 pada materi perlakuan benih tanaman pangan dengan menggunakan metode analisis statistik yaitu mendeskripsikan dan memberikan gambaran tentang variabel penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kedua metode tersebut memberikan persentase hasil belajar siswa. Terlihat pada hasil pengukuran siklus I dan siklus II terjadi peningkatan rata-rata sebesar 23 % yaitu pada siklus I hasil belajar siswa 66 % dengan katagori cukup,  pada siklus II yaitu 87% dengan katagori baik. Oleh karena itu, peneliti telah membuktikan bahwa penggunakan metode demonstrasi dan media nyata merupakan salah satu model yang menyenangkan di dalam pembelajaran Agribisnis Produksi Tanaman Pangan pada materi perlakuan benih tanaman pangan dan efektif meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran Eksperimen untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Kalangi Valia Prastica , Zakwandi Rizki
Published: June 2023

Metode pembelajaran yan g tidak tepat menjadi salah satu penyebab rendahnya hasil belajar IPA Kelas IV pada materi gaya dan gerak, buktinya siswa belum dapat menjelaskan pengaruh gaya terhadap gerak benda dan siswa belum dapat mengkategorikan gaya tarik  dan gaya dorong dikarenakan pada saat pembelajaran guru hanya menggunakan metode ceramah. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA pada materi Gaya dan Gerak siswa kelas IV SD di Kabupaten Minahasa melalui penerapan  metode pembelajaran eksperimen. Tindakan penelitian ini dilakukan mulai dari pra siklus, siklus 1, dan siklus 2. Tiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahapan yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan lembar tes dan lembar observasi dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IV SD yang berjumlah 22 siswa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa  penggunaan metode pembelajaran eksperimen terbukti dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas IV.  Melalui penerapan metode pembelajaran eksperimen, hasil belajar siswa kelas IV mengalami peningkatan dilihat dari ketuntasan hasil belajar siswa pada kegiatan pra siklus hanya 7 siswa dengan presentase 31,81%, kemudian terjadi peningkatan pada siklus I menjadi 14 siswa dengan presentasi 63,63% yang tuntas dan pada Siklus II mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan menjadi 21 siswa dengan presentase 95,45% yang tuntas. Dengan demikian dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa penerapan metode pembelajaran eksperimen dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA pada materi gaya dan gerak.
Preditores de falha terapêutica na esclerose múltipla: experiência de um centro brasileiro
Authors: Santos Flávia Borges Carapina , Alves Claudia Soares , Moraes Jonathan Ballico de , Juliano Rafael de Freitas Juliano , Guimarães Valeriana de Castro , Sisterolli Diniz Denise
Published: June 2023

Objective: To trace the profile of patients with MS who experienced TF and, subsequently, identify TF predictors. Methods: The medical records of 289 patients were reviewed retrospectively and longitudinally. The patients were divided into two groups (target population [1st group, TF ≥ 1, n = 46] and the control [2nd group, without TF, n = 46]); the groups were compared. Results: There were significant differences between the groups in terms of diagnosis, pulse therapy/1st relapse, number of drugs administered, severity of initial symptoms, disability sequelae, imaging characteristics, number of relapses in the first two years of MS, and annual relapse rate. The 1st group has an increased chance of 18.5% of developing a worse prognosis (EDSS > 4.0). The worst prognoses were associated with male sex and a diagnosis age of ≥ 30 years. Conclusion: Compared to the controls, 46 patients in the target population had at least one TF (16.6%), with an increased risk (2x) of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, depression, and increased disability (2x). The initial features of the disease, as well as the annual relapse rate, can be an early indicator of TF.
Aspectos epidemiológicos da Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana no Brasil em 2022
Authors: Vargas Brasil Anny Maíza , Franco Antonia Maria Ramos
Published: June 2023

A Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana (LTA) é uma doença tropical negligenciada que afeta milhares de pessoas em várias regiões do mundo, considerada um problema de saúde pública significativo no Brasil. Sendo assim, esse estudo teve como objetivo descrever o perfil epidemiológico de casos de leishmaniose Tegumentar no Brasil. Realizou-se uma avaliação epidemiológica a partir dos dados secundários disponibilizados pelo SINAN/MS referentes ao ano de 2022. Os resultados demonstraram que a LTA é uma doença endêmica no Brasil com 14.271 casos registrados em 2022, com maior notificação ocorrendo na região norte (3.070 casos). Tradicionalmente, o principal grupo etário afetado pela doença é adulto entre 29 a 39 anos (5.370 casos) e sexo masculino (10.563 casos). Em relação ao tipo de entrada verificou-se que foram notificados 13.044 casos novos; o diagnóstico laboratorial foi realizado em 10.718 casos, além disso, constatou-se que a taxa de cura foi de 49,3% (7.45 casos) e abandono 1,6% (238 casos). O Brasil ainda é uma área endêmica para a LT, tendo a região norte como a mais acometida pela doença. Principalmente por conta de desmatamento, atividade extrativista e crescimento urbano não planejado.
Efeito da infusão de Pata-de-Vaca (Bauhinia forficata Link – Fabaceae) sobre os danos causados pela hemodiálise
Authors: Uggeri Fernanda Basílio , Cattaneo Roberta , Bonfanti-Azzolin Gabriela , Golle Diego Pascoal , Heringer Tiago Antônio
Published: June 2023

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito antioxidante da infusão das folhas de Bauhinia forficata Link - Fabaceae em eritrócitos de pacientes com insuficiência renal crônica (IRC) submetidos à hemodiálise e avaliar a quantificação fitoquímica da planta comparando a infusão ao extrato hidroetanólico. A partir de um estudo experimental in vitro, que incluiu 16 pacientes nas condições mencionadas, avaliou-se o potencial antioxidante da infusão das folhas de B. forficata nas concentrações de 8,34; 16,67 e 33,34 g/L. A concentração de 8,34 g/L foi capaz de aumentar a atividade da enzima antioxidante glutationa-S-transferase, não se observou efeito significativo nos níveis de lipoperoxidação, glutationa reduzida e atividade da enzima catalase. O extrato hidroetanólico apresenta os melhores resultados quantitativos em termos de extrativos vegetais.
Propaganda Pemberitaan Jokowi pada Pemilu 2014 di Majalah Tempo dalam Perspektif Ideologies And Power
Authors: Marini  , Amallah Nurlaillah Sari , Bakti Andi M. Faisal , Sanjaya Makroen
Published: June 2023

Tempo magazine is one of the media that is in the line of 'loving' Jokowi. Tempo Magazine doubled Jokowi in the 2014 election as a modest man and a hobby of blusukan. This is based on the total duration, frequency, and tendency of the object of the news to Jokowi. Jokowi's image, which was initially positive, especially during the 2014 presidential election campaign, immediately changed after Jokowi became president in the news of Tempo Magazine. This was proven by Tempo Magazine supporting Jokowi during the 2014 presidential election because it was based on his ideology that Prabowo Subianto was a human rights criminal. In the 5-11 August 2013 edition of Tempo Magazine, they gave the title “Suddenly Jokowi” with a picture of Jokowi singing in pause. This tendency is a form of the failure of Tempo Magazine to become a balanced media. Tempo magazine chose issues, used angles, and published 11 out of 20 total Main Reports using the glittering generalities propaganda technique. The theory used is from Branston and Stafford (2003: 117-133) namely marxist approaches, post-marxism and critical pluralism, and discourses and lived culture. The relevant concepts are mukhtalif, kabilah, dan al-hadarah. Tempo Magazine's reporting sparked polarization, as seen from the concentration in political currents and ideology. The existence of this news as a political message that is more effective in raising issues to the public.