bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construcción de la estructura retórica de géneros académicos por alumnos de un magíster profesional
Authors: Rodrigues Guimarães Eloisa Helena , Moraes Rodrigues Lopes Elisa Cristina , Rodrigues Guimarães Mendes Letícia , Rodrigues Lopes Marcella
Published: March 2023

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo discutir las características del texto académico y las dificultades en producir este género textual, relatadas por alumnos de un curso de Magíster Profesional en Administración en una Institución de Enseñanza Superior localizada en Minas Gerais, Brasil. Este estudio se caracteriza, en cuanto a los fines, como descriptivo; en cuanto a los medios, es un estudio de caso realizado por medio de investigación de campo; y en cuanto al abordaje, se caracteriza como cuantitativa. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de cuestionarios semi estructurados aplicados a alumnos y profesores del curso, con el objetivo de  mapear las dificultades más recurrentes en la producción de textos académicos. Los resultados apuntan a que la mayoría de los alumnos que ingresan a este Magíster presentan dificultades con la escritura académica, especialmente debido al poco dominio de las estructuras retóricas de los géneros académicos solicitados a lo largo del curso.
What mediates the classroom practices of an experienced teacher?
Authors: Reschke Pires Daniel , Gomes de Lima Jane Helen
Published: March 2023

Considering that developing a robust reasoning teaching is a lifelong process, in this study we analyzed the classroom practices and the reasoning teaching of a now experienced teacher who participated in Agnoletto & Dellagnelo’s (2017) study while still a novice teacher. To collect data for our study, we observed three of the participant’s classes and interviewed him after each observation. The participant also answered two semi-structured questionnaires inquiring into his use of textbooks teacher’s manuals and his perceptions of himself as a teacher. Our findings show that his practices are mediated by aspects of his scientific and everyday knowledge and that he has developed a more robust reasoning throughout his career. Despite these positive findings, he has not yet developed to his full potential as his scientific knowledge is not yet internalized and interwoven to his everyday knowledge.
A representação do medo no romance Warum das Kind in der Polenta kocht de Aglaja Veteranyi
Authors: Mathias Dionei
Published: March 2023

O romance Por que a criança cozinha na polenta, escrito em alemão por Aglaya Veteranyi, foi publicado em 1999. Nesse texto, a autora cria um universo ficcional no qual uma criança, cujos pais fogem do seu país de origem, tenta captar experiências do medo. Para a finalidade deste artigo, medo é entendido como experiência afetiva que identifica ameaças, reagindo de modo a que o indivíduo possa recuperar o controle físico, perceptivo e existencial por meio de narrativas estabilizantes que simbolizam a realidade. Com isso em mente, este artigo deseja discutir a representação do medo em três situações: no círculo familiar, no entorno social e no pertencimento existencial. Nos três círculos, a protagonista é confrontada com experiências de desestabilização, forçando-a a criar estratégias narrativas forjadas para atenuar o medo.
A dona da casa poética de Adélia Prado
Authors: Telles de Sant'Anna Monte-Mor Juliana
Published: March 2023

O presente estudo tem como objetivo adentrar um dos espaços mais recorrentes na obra poética de Adélia Prado, a casa, e verificar quem fala de dentro desse templo lírico. Utilizando poemas fundamentais a respeito do enfoque proposto, o objetivo é reconhecer o valor desse microcosmo que abarca o vasto mundo, descobrindo o júbilo nas miudezas do cotidiano.
O trabalho com a língua portuguesa no ensino fundamental entre as práticas docentes e a BNCC
Authors: Silva Júnior Silvio Nunes da , Omena Lucas Henrique de , Santos Dafhine Alves Silva
Published: March 2023

O presente trabalho analisa as relações entre as orientações da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) e os discursos de dois professores do Ensino Fundamental II atuantes no estado de Alagoas. Teoricamente, são apresentadas considerações sobre as relações entre leitura e escrita, a reescrita, os gêneros do discurso, o ensino contextualizado e as metodologias ativas. A partir duma análise qualitativa/interpretativa dos discursos da BNCC e dos docentes que colaboraram com o estudo, foi percebido que os professores seguem algumas das orientações, porém é nítida a timidez dos avanços entre as práticas e o recomendado pelo documento oficial. Frente a isso, acreditamos que, quando as práticas docentes ultrapassam os limites impostos pela base, revela-se a construção da autonomia desses sujeitos em suas ações profissionais; quando as práticas se prendem ao tradicional, sem considerar a amplitude da linguagem como processo social, evidencia-se a escassez da formação dos professores diante dos avanços delegados pela contemporaneidade.
A Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) de Língua Portuguesa e a criticidade na práxis pedagógica: do(s) Letramento(s) Críticos aos Multiletramentos
Authors: Costa Michelle Campêlo , Roque de Faria Helenice Joviano , Nunes Rosana Helena , Aparecido da Silva Kleber
Published: March 2023

Este trabalho objetiva evidenciar o construto letramentos ao longo das últimas décadas e tem como ponto de partida os letramentos críticos em Freire (1987, 1989, 1992, 1997) e outros estudiosos como Buzato (2008), Kalantzis e Cope (1994 e 2000), Kalantzis, Cope e Pinheiro (2020), Kleiman (2003, 2008 e 2016), Rojo (2009, 2012 e 2013), Rojo e Barbosa (2015), Soares (2004, 2009 e 2010), Street (2014) que ressaltam a necessidade de repensar/debater a Pedagogia dos Multiletramentos. Nossa perspectiva é produzir uma reflexão crítica a partir da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), especificamente, na área Linguagens Códigos e suas Tecnologias (Língua Portuguesa), a fim de apontar a importância da práxis crítica em tempos da COVID-19. Por meio de pesquisa qualitativa de cunho interpretativista, apresentamos um exercício analítico, recortes da BNCC, empreendendo a tese de que os estudos linguísticos contribuem para a práxis crítico-reflexiva e possíveis (trans)formações no fazer pedagógico.
Vitalidade de Língua na Perspetiva da Comunidade de Fala: O caso do Patuá
Authors: Lee Szu Yu , Zhang Jingwei
Published: March 2023

Tendo em conta a teorização insuficiente da vitalidade de língua, este artigo explora as características da comunidade da vitalidade de língua por utilizar a “teoria da comunidade de fala” da sociolinguística. O artigo examina primeiro sete métodos de avaliação da vitalidade de língua e descobre que estes métodos têm considerado a natureza da comunidade em diferentes graus, o que pode ajudar a desenvolver a teoria da vitalidade de língua a partir da perspetiva da comunidade de fala. Por um lado, os estudos da vitalidade de língua na perspetiva da comunidade podem identificar as causas das mudanças na vitalidade de língua e, por outro lado, podem alargar o âmbito da proteção e do renascimento das línguas ameaçadas de extinção. Tomando o Patuá de Macau como exemplo, este artigo analisa as causas da sua emergência, propagação e declínio, e descobre que a mudança na sua estrutura da comunidade de fala é a causa da sua morte. Este artigo propõe finalmente algumas sugestões para a proteção do Patuá. O desenvolvimento das comunidades de fala do Patuá deve ser em conjunto com as comunidades ultramarinas dos portugueses nascidos em Macau. Porque as condições internas e externas destas comunidades são muito melhores para a manutenção e herança do Patuá do que a comunidade macaense.
Las consecuencias que nos dejó la pandemia de la Covid-2019
Authors: Criollo Vargas Marcia Iliana
Published: March 2023

La editorial describe la crisis que la Pandemia de la COVID-19 causó y las consecuencias que aún afectan los diferentes sectores de la sociedad ecuatoriana.  En el sector comercial se viven una profunda crisis financiera que ha provocado que un alto porcentaje de la población se encuentre en situación de pobreza. En el sector salud la mayoría de la población se encuentra ya vacunada contra el Coronavirus, aunque estamos enfrentando un rebrote de la COVID-19 desde el mes de diciembre del 2022. En el sector educación existe un alto porcentaje de niños y adolescentes que se han retrasado en sus estudios, así como también han enfrentado problemas de salud mental. Finalmente, en el sector social Ecuador, se ha visto afectado en el tema de total inseguridad ciudadana.
Proyecto de Aplicación Profesional de economía social en la Escuela de Negocios del ITESO
Authors: Ibarra Baidón Claudia , Robles Uribe Josefina
Published: March 2023

Por Economía social y solidaria (ESS) se entiende una economía alternativa, de carácter multidimensional, que no sólo se refiere a organizaciones económicas (cooperativas) basadas en principios de democracia, autogestión y solidaridad, sino también a propuestas de transformación social y política para transitar una más justa e incluyente. El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar el impacto de la ESS en dos casos: una cooperativa de artesanas y una caja popular de ahorro y préstamo, ambas ubicadas en el estado de Jalisco. Alumnos y profesores del Proyecto de Aplicación Profesional (PAP) de economía social, de la Escuela de Negocios ITESO, acompañaron a estas organizaciones; sus experiencias develan lo importante que son los valores cooperativistas para cualquier organización y confirman que el ahorro solidario, así como la intercooperación son indicadores del grado de consolidación, humano, empresarial y legal, de un grupo social.
Empresas de economía social
Authors: Tavanti Marco
Published: March 2023

Este artículo proporciona una descripción panorámica de los desafíos y avances en las clasificaciones recientes del tercer sector, en Europa e internacionalmente. El autor examina los valores y las características de las empresas sociales u organizaciones híbridas que integran fines de lucro con beneficios sociales para la comunidad. En referencia a la literatura y las prácticas existentes en el ámbito de la empresa social, las nuevas clasificaciones brindan una oportunidad para ampliar el impacto de las empresas de beneficio social con el fin de promover el reconocimiento de los valores de la economía social mediante inversiones y políticas apropiadas. Estas clasificaciones mejoran nuestra comprensión de la innovación social y las soluciones sostenibles de impacto social relevantes para el avance de los ecosistemas de empresas sociales en México y América Latina.
Empresas y economía social
Authors: Gallo Reynoso Miguel Ignacio
Published: March 2023

Criticar el modelo económico prevaleciente, desde un único enfoque, no es suficiente para interpretar la realidad. Es innegable la desproporción social y económica que ha derivado de las prácticas neoliberales y es imperante restaurar el equilibrio en estos aspectos; además, es fundamental ofrecer alternativas de desarrollo humano a quienes se encuentran en condiciones de pobreza o escasez de oportunidades. Es posible construir esquemas de economía social que favorezcan la distribución equitativa e incluyente a partir de proyectos de formación empresarial alternativa.
Editorial del número 34
Authors: Vargas Robles Luis Arturo
Published: March 2023

En el contexto actual, la arquitectura y el diseño enfrentan el reto de generar soluciones sostenibles desde la perspectiva social, ambiental y económica. Para ello, la apropiación e identificación con el objeto de diseño puede constituir uno de los requisitos fundamentales.
Enseñanza de una metodología de diseño centrada en el usuario
Authors: Carballo Huerta María Azucena
Published: March 2023

La ingeniería Kansei es una metodología aplicada al diseño centrada en el usuario. Este proceso lleva a los productos del nivel funcional y usable al emotivo, para ello analiza la interacción usuario-producto para determinar factores de sensaciones y percepciones que cumplan con las expectativas del usuario. Tradicionalmente el estudio de mercado para el desarrollo de productos incluye técnicas cuantitativas y van dirigidas a definir “especificaciones técnicas”, mientras que el diseño emocional, a través de “adjetivos semánticos”, permite definir la percepción del usuario ante un producto. La evaluación de las estructuras cognitivas, mediante los adjetivos y su interrelación con los elementos de diseño del producto, permite encontrar innovaciones que satisfacen el deseo del usuario. En este trabajo se muestra el proceso de enseñanza de la metodología de Ingeniería Kansei para los alumnos de la Licenciatura de Diseño de Producto de la Universidad Iberoamericana León.
Arsenal de mandalas
Authors: Narro Artemio
Published: March 2023

Artemio Narro se ha interesado en reflexionar sobre la violencia y estructuras de poder; por esta razón, creó una serie de mandalas basados en rifles de asalto, metralletas, cuernos de chivo y bayonetas. Su intención es plasmar, en imágenes que representan el equilibrio y la paz, la violencia que se vive en México; no pretende, pues, que su obra sea clasificada como narcocultura, sólo desea exponer que el grueso calibre es la fuerza que regula el universo e invitar al espectador a meditar sobre el culto a la violencia.
Concepção de violência para crianças do Ensino Fundamental I
Authors: Morais Karina Cibele , Ferreira Núbia Gabriela , Silva Flávia Gonçalves da
Published: March 2023

O objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar e analisar a concepção de violência para crianças do ensino fundamental I. Os resultados analisados partiram dos elementos indicados por Martín-Baró para compreensão da violência. Para alcançar os resultados, foi feito um estudo qualitativo, por meio de entrevistas individuais e coletivas com as crianças. Como resultado, percebeu-se que para as crianças a violência está diretamente relacionada ao contato físico como resposta a situações que as desagradam. Ou seja, o ato formal da violência é instrumental para minimizar ou corrigir algo que lhe antecedeu. No atual momento histórico, além da banalização e a intensificação da violência como meios de controle social, há o fundo ideológico veiculado nas diferentes mídias que as crianças têm acesso e nas discussões na escola e em casa, identificadas durante as entrevistas, que possibilitam que se apropriem desses aspectos e construam os significados da violência.
Тhe development of personal creativity as a scientific and practical problem
Authors:   Shoqan Ualikhanov Kokshetau University, Kokshetau, Mukhambetalina N.B. , Dalbergenova L.E. ,   Shoqan Ualikhanov Kokshetau University, Kokshetau
Published: March 2023

The modern society needs individuals who can create something new, who can solve assigned tasks creatively. Thus, along with the acquisition of knowledge, through education students develop their creative abilities. The concept of creativity for the most part refers to the areas of psychology, pedagogics, and art. However, the concept is often found in other fields as well. The problem of creativity was considered by many foreign and domestic scientists in the field of psychology and pedagogics. In these sciences, creativity is defined as a complex, ambiguous phenomenon. Currently, there is no single generally accepted definition of creativity. There are many different views on the concept of creativity, its content and structure. Keywords: creativity, education, creative abilities, creative competence, creative person.
Тілші-ғалым А. Әбдірахманұлының ғылыми-зерттеу мұралары
Authors:   Ш. Уәлиханов атындағы Көкшетау университеті, Көкшетау қ., Шалабай Б. , Колпенова А.К. ,   Л.Н. Гумилев атындағы Еуразия ұлттық университеті, Нұр-Сұлтан қ.
Published: March 2023

Әр өлкенің біртуар азаматтарын кейінгі ұрпақ біліп өсуі тиіс. Осы идея негізінде Көкше өңірінен шыққан тілші-ғалым Айтым Әбдірахманұлы Әбдірахмановтың ғылыми еңбектерін ғылым сүйер жастарға рухани мұра ретінде таныту арқылы дәстүр жалғастығы мен тарих сабақтастығын жаңғырту өз кезегінде өзекті мәселелердің бірінен саналады. Мақалада ғалымның қазақ терминологиясының дамуына қосқан үлесі сөз болады, осы саладағы мақалаларына талдау жасау арқылы ана тілінің жанашыры ретіндегі азаматтық тұлғасы дараланады. Лексикологияның бір саласы – топонимикаға қатысты мақалалары тақырып жағынан топтастырылады, монографиялары зерделенеді. А. Әбдірахманұлының қазақ топонимикасын алғаш зерттеген ғалым екендігі тұжырымдалады. Қазақстан жер-су атауларының этимологиясына қатысты пікірлері талданады. Ғалым еңбегіндегі қазақ топонимдері жасалу кезеңдеріне қарай сараланады. топонимдер туралы тұжырымдарының танымдық аспектілері талданады. Ғалым еңбектерінің мәні ұлттың ұлттық белгісі, рухани тұғыры – тілді ғылыми тұрғыда зерттеуімен тереңдей түсетіні түйінделеді. Түйін сөздер: терминология, топонимика, этнотопонимика, мәдени мәтін, ұлттық код, ономастикалық кеңістік.
Benefits and challenges of using comics in foreign language teaching
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, Nurzhanova Zh.D. , Sekenova M.K. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana
Published: March 2023

At the present time there is a large variety of technologies for teaching foreign languages. Various methods and tools that facilitate the learning process and make it more productive. One of the reserves of intensifying the process of learning a foreign language are visualization tools. After all, in comics, as a rule, spoken language is used, dialogues are concise, and the information presented in the comics is emotionally colored, which contributes to its more effective absorption. The vocabulary encountered in comics, refers to a variety of areas of life and human activities, which allows you to use a comic almost in any lesson, only the right choice of lexical topics depends on the teacher. Note that educational comics can be used not only as an additional source of knowledge in a foreign language, but also for self-realization of students, for example, as a product of project-research activities. The aim of this article is to study the advantages and problems of using comics in teaching foreign languages. The object of the article is the process of the influence of comics on the student. The theoretical basis of the article is the scientific works of foreign and domestic researchers. Keywords: advantages, problems, comics, foreign language, visual method, teaching, principles.
«Қабанбай батыр» тарихи жырының көркемдік ерекшелігі
Authors:   Ш. Уәлиханов атындағы Көкшетау университеті, Көкшетау қ., Тенсел М.Б. , Тлеубердина Г.Т. ,   Ш. Уәлиханов атындағы Көкшетау университеті, Көкшетау қ., Рахимов Б.С. ,   «Е.Бөкетов атындағы КАРУ» КЕАҚ, Қарағанды қаласы
Published: March 2023

Мақалада авторлар тарихи жырлардың зерттелуі мен жанрлық сипатын саралай отырып, «Қабанбай» батыр тарихи жырының көркемдік ерекшелігіне тоқталады. Ғасырлар қойнауынан жеткен рухани мұраларымыздың айрықша үлгілерінің бірі – тарихи жырлардың фольклорлық жанрлардан бірсыпыра өзгешеліктері бар. Бұл ерекшелік аталмыш туындылардың нақты өмірде орын алған саяси мәні айқын оқиғаларға бағытталуында, басты кейіпкерлерінің ел қамын жеген тарихи тұлғалар болып келуі ғылыми тұрғыда саралайды. Тарихи жырлардың әр кезеңде туып бастан кешкен түрлі оқиғалардың дерегін берерлік туындылар екендігін көрсете отырып, өлеңде қай кезең оқиғаларына қатысты туғандығын көбіне ондағы сөз өрнегі арқылы талдау жасайды. Әдебиет саласы зерттеушілерінің пікірлерін зерттей отырып, фольклорлық мұра тарихи жырдың қоғам өміріндегі маңызына көзқарасын білдіреді. Түйін сөздер: жыр, жанр, ел қорғау, батырлықтың символы, тұлпар, тұтастық, халықтық сипат, көрнекті поэзия өкілдері, елдік мұраттар.
Validación de instrumentos para la valoración de las relaciones abuelos-nietos en Educación Primaria
Authors: Montesinos Navarro Ana María , Serrano Pastor Francisca José
Published: March 2023

This study presents the results of the validation process of two data collection instruments on the inclusion of grandparent-grandchild relationships in Primary Education. Two ad hoc questionnaires were designed for the families of the students and the teachers (CUABU-F and CUMEABU-D) with the aim of assessing their conceptions of the roles and profiles of grandparenting and their influence on the development of school children’s identity. From a quantitative approach and with an analytical design, the content validity was estimated through expert judgment, the internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha model) and the construct validity (Principal Component analysis) of both instruments. An instrumental research design that consisted of two phases was used. In the first one, seven experts participated, who judged the questionnaires based on a scale developed for this purpose. The second phase consisted of a pilot study where information was collected from 110 teachers and 72 parents of Year 5 students in the Region of Murcia. The results showed that the instruments had content validity in terms of their pertinence, coherence, sufficiency, adequacy, relevance and clarity. Furthermore, both instruments revealed fairly high reliability and adequate construct validity. These questionnaires allowed for the diagnostic evaluation of a project that promotes grandparent-grandchild relationships in Primary Education classrooms.

En esta investigación se presentan los resultados del proceso de validación de dos instrumentos de recogida de información sobre la inclusión de las relaciones abuelos-nietos en Educación Primaria. Se diseñaron dos cuestionarios ad hoc dirigidos a las familias del alumnado y a los docentes (CUABU-F y CUMEABU-D), con el objetivo de valorar sus concepciones sobre los roles y perfiles de abuelidad y la influencia de estos en el desarrollo de la identidad de los escolares. Desde un enfoque cuantitativo y con un diseño analítico se han estimado la validez de contenido mediante el juicio de expertos, la consistencia interna (modelo Alfa de Cronbach) y la validez de constructo (análisis de Componentes Principales) de ambos instrumentos. Se trata de una investigación instrumental que constó de dos fases. En la primera participaron siete expertos que juzgaron los cuestionarios a partir de una escala elaborada para tal fin. La segunda fase consistió en un estudio piloto donde se recogió información de 110 docentes de Educación Primaria y 72 padres y madres del alumnado del 5.º curso de dicha etapa educativa de la Región de Murcia. Los resultados evidenciaron que los instrumentos poseían validez de contenido en cuanto a su pertinencia, coherencia, suficiencia, adecuación, relevancia y claridad. Además, ambos revelaron una confiabilidad bastante alta y una adecuada validez de constructo. Estos cuestionarios permitirán la evaluación diagnóstica de un proyecto que fomente las relaciones abuelos-nietos en las aulas de Educación Primaria.
Enjeux liés à l’expertise psychologique et psychosociale : point de vue des juges
Authors: Poitras Karine , Godbout Élisabeth , Da Silva Guerreiro João , Maheux Julie , Carrier Simon
Published: March 2023

L’expertise psychologique ou psychosociale (EPP) en matière familiale est un élément de preuve déterminant dans la prise de décision judiciaire. Pourtant, aucune étude canadienne ne vient clarifier le point de vue des juges sur l’EPP. Dans le cadre de la présente étude, huit juges oeuvrant à la Cour supérieure dans la province de Québec ont participé à une entrevue de recherche qualitative portant sur l’EPP. L’analyse des entrevues effectuées décrit le contexte de la demande de l’expertise psychologique ou psychosociale et expose les retombées attendues par les juges, les inconvénients relatifs à l’expertise, les attentes quant aux conduites des experts, ainsi que leur perception des enjeux liés à ce domaine de pratique. Les résultats de cette étude soutiennent les réflexions sur les défis et les enjeux de la pratique des psychologues et des travailleurs sociaux au sein des services psychojudiciaires. Ces résultats mettent aussi en lumière les tensions qui peuvent survenir entre les responsabilités de l’auxiliaire de justice et les obligations de ces professionnels, de même que l’importance de la formation et de la promotion de ce domaine de pratique.
Turkish nursing students’ compliance to standard precautions during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Topçu Sevcan , Emlek Sert Zuhal
Published: March 2023

Objectives

The aim of this study was to assess nursing students’ compliance to standard precautions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2021 to June 2022, 816 nursing students participated in the study. A socio-demographic questionnaire and Compliance with Standard Precautions Scale were used to collect data. Means and percentages were used to report socio-demographic characteristics multiple regression analysis used to identify the factors influencing compliance with standard precautions.

Results

The mean age of nursing students was 21.30 ± 1.31 years. The majority of nursing students were female, with 703 (86.2%) being female and 113 (13.8%) being male. Compliance among nursing students was 76.8% overall. Nursing students reported the highest compliance (97.7%) with putting used sharp articles into sharp boxes, with 97.1% compliance for covering mouth and nose when wearing a mask. Participants reported the lowest (38.6%) when it came to not recapping used needles after giving an injection. Regression analysis revealed that gender, year of study, and having needlestick injury or contact with blood/body fluids experience all influenced nursing students’ compliance with standard precautions.

Conclusions

During the pandemic, nursing students compliance to standard precautions was optimal, according to this study. More research should be done to assess nursing students’ compliance with standard precautions and the effect of infection control strategies used to prevent COVID-19 transmission.
Halimeda tuna (Bryopsidales, Ulvophyceae) calcification on the depth transect in the northern Adriatic Sea; carbonate production on the microscale of individual segments
Authors: Nemcova Yvonne , Orlando-Bonaca Martina , Neustupa Jiri
Published: March 2023

Halimeda tuna (J. Ellis & Solander) J.V. Lamouroux is the only Halimeda species found in the Mediterranean Sea, and it is an important habitat former. In the northern Adriatic, H. tuna is among the ten most abundant seaweeds in the upper-infralittoral belt in spring and autumn. The modular thalli consist of serially arranged calcified segments. Calcification is closely related to photosynthesis, which causes alkalinization of the inter-utricular space and triggers aragonite formation. Understanding of the complex patterns of segment shape plasticity in relation to CaCO3content at different depth levels is still incomplete. Geometric morphometrics was used to investigate H. tuna segment shape variation on the depth transect at Cape Madona Nature Monument in the northern Adriatic Sea. The position on the thallus and the CaCO3 content of each studied segment were recorded, allowing slight changes in mineral content to be detected at the microscale of the segments. Our results showed that shape, size, or asymmetry of H. tuna segments were not significantly affected by depth. On the other hand, plants that grew deeper were generally more calcified. The apical and subapical segments contributed to the increase in CaCO3 content at the deeper sites, whereas the basal segments did not. This indicates that reniform or oval segments positioned apically or subapically play a key role in calcification of H. tuna in Mediterranean ecosystems.
Sonoelastographic Evaluation of Pelvic Adnexal Masses and its Association with Clinicopathological Findings at a Tertiary Care Centre in Western Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Jain Mudit
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Despite advancements in cross-sectional aging techniques, ultrasonography continues to remain the first-line imaging modality for the preoperative assessment of pelvic adnexal masses. Ultrasound strain elastography is a novel technique that can characterise adnexal lesions based on their tissue stiffness and when used in conjunction with conventional USG, it may increase the precision of diagnosis and can act as a cost-effective viable ancillary tool. Aim: To assess the role of strain sonoelastography in characterising the adnexal lesion as benign or malignant. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, Teerthankar Mahaveer Medical College and Research Centre (TMMC&RC), Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, for a period of 18 months (January 2020 to June 2021) and consisted of 110 patients with clinical suspicion of adnexal mass, who were evaluated on SIEMENS Acuson S 3000 scanner (from the total of 130 cases). Various morphological features of mass (size, laterality, consistency, echogenicity and internal contents) were assessed on Gray scale and vascularity was assessed on colour doppler Ultrasonography (USG). Subsequently, real time strain elastography (eSie touch) was performed to assess the tissue stiffness. Elasticity was indicated on a colour-coded elastogram map, with blue areas denoting hard tissue, green areas suggesting intermediate tissue, and red portions denoting soft tissues. The sonographic findings were compared with histopathological diagnosis. Sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV) and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) were calculated for Gray scale sonography in combination with Doppler (conventional ultrasound techniques) and in conjunction with elastography. The Chi-square test was applied for comparing the frequency and p-value less than 0.05 was considered to be significant. Results: The mean age of study population was 36.35±14.82 years. On histopathology out of 110 patients, 95 (86.36%) had benign adnexal lesions and 15 (13.64%) had malignant adnexal lesions. The youngest patient was 16-year-old and eldest was 70 years and the mean age of the study population was 36.35 years. When conventional ultrasound technique was used alone for differentiating benign and malignant adnexal masses the sensitivity was 96.7%, specificity was 83%, PPV was 96.7% and NPV was 83% while on addition of sonoelastography the sensitivity increased to 98.9%, specificity increased to 93%, PPV increased to 98.9% and NPV increased to 93.7%. Conclusion: Conventional ultrasound techniques should be combined with sonoelastography in a diagnostic system to achieve better characterisation and differentiation of benign and malignant adnexal masses.
Relationship between Academic Stress and Thesis Completion among University Postgraduate Students
Authors: Domaley Vincent Lawer , Senyametor Felix , Yusif Bakari Dramanu , Antwia Albertina , Nkrumah Kwame
Published: March 2023

The study examined the association between academic stress and thesis completion among the University of Cape Coast postgraduate students. The correlational research design was employed for the study. A sample of 294 postgraduate students who completed their postgraduate studies between 2018 and 2020 was purposively selected for the study. Means and standard deviations, Pearson's Moment Correlation, and independent sample t-tests were used to answer the research questions and test the hypotheses. The findings revealed that the major factors causing academic stress were that, lecturers made too many extra demands on students, poor interest in some courses, eleventh-hour preparation for examinations, worry about examination results, and monotonous teaching style by some lecturers among others. The study also found a statistically significant relationship between academic stress and thesis completion among postgraduate students. It was therefore, recommended that the University of Cape Coast’s management in collaboration with all its academic departments, should take the challenge of academic stress more seriously by ensuring that all postgraduate students seek professional counselling services available at the university to enable them to cope with the ever-increasing academic demands on them.
Thiamine Deficiency in Exclusive Breastfed Infants with Encephalopathy Attending Govind Ballabh Panth Children Hospital Srinagar, India
Authors: Mehraj Junaid , Khan Younus Ramzan , Ahmad Kaiser
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Thiamine deficiency has historically affected countries and populations consuming milled white rice. Thiamine deficiency in infants can have an acute presentation of encephalopathy with shock with severe metabolic acidosis and death sometimes, if not promptly treated with an intravenous dose of thiamine.

Aims: To study the biochemical deficiency of thiamine in exclusively breastfed infants presenting with encephalopathy and compare them with age-matched controls and to study their clinical course and short-term outcome (till discharge).

Materials and Methods: After dividing infants into four groups based on age in days: (31-60 days; 13 in cases and 8 in controls; 61-90; 4 in cases and 3 in controls; 91-120 days; 2 in cases and none in controls; and >120 days 4 each in cases and controls. This study primarily included the selection of case/control subjects. Two case-control analyses were conducted. In the first one, blood thiamine levels were compared between infants with encephalopathy and without encephalopathy. In the second one, breast milk thiamine levels were compared between infants with encephalopathy and without encephalopathy. Student's independent t-test was used for statistical analysis.

Results: Out of 38 infants, 23 had presented with encephalopathy, and 15 were healthy taken as controls. The mean blood levels of thiamine in infants with encephalopathy in cases were 17.29nmol/l with a Standard deviation of 8.86: the levels ranged between 13.47 and 21.13. The mean value of controls was 51.31, with a Standard deviation of 25.52 ranging between 23.25 and 124.7. The P value was <0.001 and was considered statistically significant. The ROC analysis of the data obtained from thiamine levels obtained in the study 'patient's blood compared with the control group.

Conclusion: Thiamine deficiency can be clinically and biochemically attributed to the presentation of infants with acute encephalopathy.
Assessing the Impact of Co-fertilization of Silicon with Macronutrient Fertilizers on Yield, Nutrient Uptake, use Efficiency and Grain Quality of Rice in Sandy Clay Loam Soil
Authors: Arthi V. , Sriramachandrasekharan M. V. , Senthilvalavan P. , Manivannan R.
Published: March 2023

This study wanted to clarify the impact of silicon (Si) fertilization on nutrient uptake, silicon use efficiency, yield and quality of rice and to detect the rate and mode of application of Si fertilizer in silicon deficient soil. The field experiment was conducted with ten treatment combinationsof100% NPK,100% NPK + potassium silicate (PS)@ 0.25%,0.50% and 1.0% Foliar spray (FS) at tillering stage,100% NPK + PS@ 0.25% ,0.50% and 1.0%FS at tillering  and panicle initiation stages,100% NPK + PS@ 50,100 and 150 kg Si ha-1soil application (SA).  Application of 50 kg Si ha-1 through PS recorded the highest grain (6183 kg ha-1) and straw (6740 kg ha-1) yield, and    higher uptake of  macronutrients (NP&K) in rice and it was on par with foliar spray of 1% Si sprayed at tillering stage. Silicon uptake increased linearly with Si levels and the maximum uptake was recorded with 150 kg Si ha-1 and foliar spray at 1% Si. Foliar spray recorded higher Si use efficiency compared to soil application.  Rice grain quality viz., protein, amylose and carbohydrate were significantly influenced by silicon addition. The results proved that both foliar and soil application of Si through potassium silicate in sandy clay loam soil could enhance the rice yield, nutrient uptake and grain quality by means of improving nutrient use efficiency.
The Emergence of Rural Emergency Hospitals
Authors: Schaefer Sara L. , Mullens Cody L. , Ibrahim Andrew M.
Published: March 2023

This Viewpoint discusses the potential benefits of the rural emergency hospital model, which exclusively provides outpatient and emergency services, in rural communities faced with possible hospital closures, as well as safeguards to monitor and minimize unintended consequences.
Addressing the Long-term Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children and Families
Authors: Coker Tumaini R. , Cheng Tina L. , Ybarra Marci
Published: March 2023

This Viewpoint discusses a consensus report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) that reviews the impact of COVID-19 on the health and well-being of children and families and what needs to be done to attenuate longer-term negative effects.
Training in Basic Life Support and Bystander-Performed Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Survival in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests in Denmark, 2005 to 2019
Authors: Jensen Theo Walther , Ersbøll Annette Kjær , Folke Fredrik , Wolthers Signe Amalie , Andersen Mikkel Porsborg , Blomberg Stig Nikolaj , Andersen Lars Bredevang , Lippert Freddy , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Christensen Helle Collatz
Published: March 2023

Importance

Strategies to improve survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) include mass education of laypersons with no official duty to respond to OHCA. In Denmark, basic life support (BLS) course attendance has been mandated by law in October 2006 for obtaining a driver’s license for all vehicles and in vocational education programs.

Objectives

To examine the association between yearly BLS course participation rate and bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and 30-day survival from OHCA and to examine if bystander CPR rate acted as a mediator on the association between mass education of laypersons in BLS and survival from OHCA.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study included outcomes for all OHCA incidents from the Danish Cardiac Arrest Register between 2005 and 2019. Data concerning BLS course participation were supplied by the major Danish BLS course providers.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The main outcome was 30-day survival of patients who experienced OHCA. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between BLS training rate, bystander CPR rate, and survival, and a bayesian mediation analysis was conducted to examine mediation.

Results

A total of 51 057 OHCA incidents and 2 717 933 course certificates were included. The study showed that the annual 30-day survival from OHCA increased by 14% (odds ratio [OR], 1.14; 95% CI, 1.10-1.18; P < .001) when BLS course participation rate increased by 5% in analysis adjusted for initial rhythm, automatic external defibrillator use, and mean age. An average mediated proportion of 0.39 (95% QBCI, 0.049-0.818; P = .01). In other words, the last result indicated that 39% of the association between mass educating laypersons in BLS and survival was mediated through an increased bystander CPR rate.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cohort study of Danish BLS course participation and survival, a positive association was found between annual rate of mass education in BLS and 30-day survival from OHCA. The association of BLS course participation rate on 30-day survival was mediated by the bystander CPR rate; approximately 60% of the association of BLS course participation rate on 30-day survival was based on factors other than increased CPR rates.
Analysis of Previous Infection, Vaccinations, and Anti–SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Titers and Protection Against Infection With the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 Variant
Authors: Yamamoto Shohei , Mizoue Tetsuya , Ohmagari Norio
Published: March 2023

This cohort study examines whether preinfection anti–SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody titer is associated with protection against Omicron BA.5 infection among staff members of a medical and research center in Tokyo, Japan.
A Case of Acute Chest Pain After Acetazolamide to Treat Uncontrolled Increased Intraocular Pressure
Authors: Anibire Oladipupo , Al-Khersan Hasenin , Williams Basil K.
Published: March 2023

A 61-year-old man with uncontrolled increased intraocular pressure after cataract surgery was treated with acetazolamide. Three days later, he developed acute chest pain requiring emergency treatment. What would you do next?
Selenium Substitution in Bithiophene Imide Polymer Semiconductors Enables High‐Performance n‐Type Organic Thermoelectric
Authors: Li Jianfeng , Liu Min , Yang Kun , Wang Yimei , Wang Junwei , Chen Zhicai , Feng Kui , Wang Dong , Zhang Jianqi , Li Yongchun , Guo Han , Wei Zhixiang , Guo Xugang
Published: March 2023

Designing n‐type polymers with high electrical conductivity remains a major challenge for organic thermoelectrics (OTEs). Herein, by devising a novel selenophene‐based electron‐deficient building block, the pronounced advantages of selenium substitution in simultaneously enabling advanced n‐type polymers is demonstrated with high mobility (≈2 orders of magnitude higher versus their sulfur‐based analogues due to both intensified intra‐ and inter‐chain interactions) and much improved n‐doping efficiency (enabled by the largely lowered LUMO level with a ≈0.2 eV margin) of the resulting polymers. Via side chain optimization and donor engineering, the selenium‐substituted polymer, f‐BSeI2TEG‐FT, achieves a highest conductivity of 103.5 S cm−1 and power factor of 70.1 µW m−1 K−2, which are among the highest values reported in literature for n‐type polymers, and f‐BSeI2TEG‐FT greatly outperformed the sulfur‐based analogue polymer by 40% conductivity increase. These results demonstrate that selenium substitution is a very effective strategy for improving n‐type performance and provide important structure‐property correlations for developing high‐performing n‐type OTE materials.
Surface Defects Management by In Situ Etching with Methanol for Efficient Inverted Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Sun Hongrui , Wang Sanlong , Qi Shanshan , Wang Pengyang , Li Renjie , Shi Biao , Zhang Qixing , Huang Qian , Xu Shengzhi , Zhao Ying , Zhang Xiaodan
Published: March 2023

Inorganic perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) have developed rapidly due to their good thermal stability and the bandgap suitable for perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. However, the large open‐circuit voltage (VOC) deficit derived from the surface defects and the energy level structure mismatch impede the development of device performance, especially in the P‐I‐N structure IPSCs. Herein, an innovative in situ etching (ISE) treatment method is proposed to reduce surface defects through methanol without additional passivator. It is found that the perovskite films treated with methanol result in a slight excess of PbI2 on the surface and inserted into the grain boundaries. Therefore, the successful decrease of surface defects by methanol and the passivation of grain boundary defects by PbI2 greatly reduce the trap density of perovskite films. And the larger work function of PbI2 contributes to the energy band of perovskite surface bending downward and forms gradient energy level alignment at the I/N interface, which accelerates extraction of charge carriers. As a result, the efficiency of CsPbI2.85Br0.15 inverted IPSC is enhanced from 16.00% to 19.34%, which is one of the mostly efficient IPSCs. This work provides an original idea without additional passivator to manage the defects of inorganic perovskite.
Surface Reduced Manganese States as a Source of Oxygen Reduction Activity in BaMnO3
Authors: Hughes Lucia , Roy Ahin , Downing Clive , Browne Michelle P. , Zhussupbekova Ainur , Shvets Igor V. , Nicolosi Valeria
Published: March 2023

In relation to perovskites, tweaking the oxidation state of the B‐site cation is fundamental to controlling the catalytic activity of these materials, thus necessitating a complete characterization of surface oxidation states. Herein, using a combination of atomic‐scale imaging and spectroscopic techniques, structure‐property correlation in barium manganese oxide (BaMnO3) is established for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) on the synthesized BaMnO3 find the rods to contain an amorphous surface layer with reduced Mn3+ states compared to Mn4+ states in the bulk. Consequently, the BaMnO3 rods show electrocatalytic activity for the ORR, which originates from the presence of Mn3+ at the rod surface. Furthermore, heating of the samples in air at 300 and 800 °C results in a decrease in the number of Mn3+ states, and thus lowering of the ORR activity. This study represents a step‐stone study in understanding the mechanism of ORR activity and its association to the Mn3+ state at the perovskite's surface, opening up possibilities for further surface engineering and tuning catalytic properties.
Benchmarking and Critical Design Considerations of Zero‐Excess Li‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Lohrberg Oliver , Voigt Karsten , Maletti Sebastian , Auer Henry , Nikolowski Kristian , Heubner Christian , Michaelis Alexander
Published: March 2023

Zero‐excess Li metal batteries (ZELMBs), in which a Li‐anode is formed in situ during charging, have received much attention in recent years. ZELMBs bear great potential to increase energy density and facilitate battery production, thereby reducing cost as well as material and energy consumption. Practical application of ZELMBs has so far been limited by challenges related to the non‐uniform deposition behavior of Li, leading to inadequate performance and safety concerns. To address these issues, promising approaches have been developed in recent years, including modifications of the current collector, electrolyte, and cycling protocols. While these approaches improve the long‐term stability of ZELMB, they also reduce the energy density by introducing inactive materials into the cell. Herein, critical design criteria for the various optimization approaches in ZELMB research are established. Nominal volumetric and gravimetric energy densities are determined based on the degree of modification. Thresholds are determined for each of the strategies at which the energy density gain of ZELMB vanishes compared to other cell configurations. These findings are compared to literature results to provide guidance for the further development of ZELMB.
Directed Urea‐to‐Nitrite Electrooxidation via Tuning Intermediate Adsorption on Co, Ge Co‐Doped Ni Sites
Authors: Wang Pengtang , Bai Xiaowan , Jin Huanyu , Gao Xintong , Davey Kenneth , Zheng Yao , Jiao Yan , Qiao Shi‐Zhang
Published: March 2023

The electrochemical urea oxidation reaction (UOR) is an alternative to electrooxidation of water for energy–saving hydrogen (H2) production. To maximize this purpose, design of catalysts for selective urea‐to‐nitrite (NO2–) electrooxidation with increased electron transfer and high current is practically important. Herein, a cobalt, germanium (Co, Ge) co‐doped nickel (Ni) oxyhydroxide catalyst is reported first time that directs urea‐to‐NO2– conversion with a significant Faradaic efficiency of 84.9% at 1.4 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode and significantly boosts UOR activity to 448.0 mA cm−2. Importantly, this performance is greater than for most reported Ni‐based catalysts. Based on judiciously combined synchrotron‐based measurement, in situ spectroscopy and density functional theoretical computation, significantly boosted urea‐to‐NO2– production results from Co, Ge co‐doping is demonstrated that optimizes electronic structure of Ni sites in which urea adsorption is altered as NO‐terminal configuration to facilitate CN cleavage for *NH formation, and thereby expedites pathway for urea to NO2– conversion. Findings highlight the importance of tuning intermediate adsorption behavior for design of high‐performance UOR electrocatalysts, and will be of practical benefit to a range of researchers and manufacturers in replacing conventional water electrooxidation with UOR for energy‐saving H2 production.