bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma of the Breast with Endocervical-Like Mucinous Epithelium
Authors: Lin Dong-Liang , Hu Ji-Lin , Shao Shi-Hong , Sun Dong-Mei , Wang Ji-Gang
Published: December 2013

Background: Primary mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the breast is an extremely rare entity. To the best of our knowledge, only 17 patients have been described in the PubMed database. Case Report: Here, we report a primary breast mucinous cystadenocarcinoma with endocervical-like mucinous epithelium in a 62-year-old woman. The patient was followed for 5 months without any adjuvant treatment and she continues to be disease free. Conclusions: Primary breast mucinous cystadenocarcinoma usually displays unique pathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics simulating its ovarian counterparts; it seems to have a good prognosis after complete resection.
Intraperitoneal Injection Improves the Uptake of Nanoparticle-Labeled High-Density Lipoprotein to Atherosclerotic Plaques Compared With Intravenous Injection
Authors: Jung Caroline , Kaul Michael G. , Bruns Oliver T. , Dučić Tanja , Freund Barbara , Heine Markus , Reimer Rudolph , Meents Alke , Salmen Sunhild C. , Weller Horst , Nielsen Peter , Adam Gerhard , Heeren Jörg , Ittrich Harald
Published: December 2013

Background—

The aim of this study was to assess whether high-density lipoprotein (HDL) labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs) and quantum dots was able to detect atherosclerotic lesions in mice after intravenous and intraperitoneal injection by multimodal imaging.

Methods and Results—

Nanoparticle-labeled HDLs (NP-HDLs) were characterized in vitro by dynamic light scattering and size exclusion chromatography with subsequent cholesterol and fluorescence measurements. For biodistribution and blood clearance studies, NP-HDL
SPIOs
radiolabeled with
59
Fe (NP-HDL
59Fe-SPIOs
) were injected intravenously or intraperitoneally into ApoE knockout mice (n=6), and radioactivity was measured using a gamma counter. NP-HDL accumulation within atherosclerotic plaques in vivo and ex vivo was estimated by MRI at 7 Tesla, ex vivo confocal fluorescence microscopy, x-ray fluorescence microscopy, and histological analysis (n=3). Statistical analyses were performed using a 2-tailed Student
t
-test. In vitro characterization of NP-HDL confirmed properties similar to endogenous HDL. Blood concentration time curves showed a biexponential decrease for the intravenous injection, whereas a slow increase followed by a steady state was noted for intraperitoneal injection. Radioactivity measurements showed predominant accumulation in the liver and spleen after both application approaches. NP-HDL
59Fe-SPIOs
uptake into atherosclerotic plaques increased significantly after intraperitoneal compared with intravenous injection (
P
<0.01). In vivo MRI showed an increased uptake of NP-HDL into atherosclerotic lesions after intraperitoneal injection, which was confirmed by ex vivo MRI, x-ray fluorescence microscopy, confocal fluorescence microscopy, and histological analysis.

Conclusions—

In vivo MRI and ex vivo multimodal imaging of atherosclerotic plaque using NP-HDL is feasible, and intraperitoneal application improves the uptake within vessel wall lesions compared with intravenous injection.
Perceived Stress Is Associated With Incident Coronary Heart Disease and All‐Cause Mortality in Low‐ but Not High‐Income Participants in the Reasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke Study
Authors: Redmond Nicole , Richman Joshua , Gamboa Christopher M. , Albert Michelle A. , Sims Mario , Durant Raegan W. , Glasser Stephen P. , Safford Monika M.
Published: December 2013

Background

Perceived stress may increase risk for coronary heart disease (
CHD
) and death, but few studies have examined these relationships longitudinally. We sought to determine the association of perceived stress with incident
CHD
and all‐cause mortality.

Methods and Results

Data were from a prospective study of 24 443 participants without
CHD
at baseline from the national Reasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (
REGARDS
) study cohort. Outcomes were expert‐adjudicated acute
CHD
and all‐cause mortality. Over a mean follow‐up of 4.2 (maximum 6.9) years, there were 659 incident
CHD
events and 1320 deaths. Analyses were stratified by income level because of significant interactions with stress. For individuals with low income, 3529 (35.4%) reported high stress, and for those with high income, 2524 (22.1%) did so. Compared with reporting no stress, those reporting the highest stress had higher risk for incident
CHD
if they reported low income (sociodemographic‐adjusted
HR
1.36, 95%
CI
: 1.04, 1.78) but not high income (sociodemographic‐adjusted
HR
0.82, 95%
CI
: 0.57, 1.16); the finding in low income individuals attenuated with adjustment for clinical and behavioral factors (
HR
1.29, 95%
CI
: 0.99, 1.69,
P
=0.06). After full adjustment, the highest stress category was associated with higher risk for death among those with low income (
HR
1.55, 95%
CI
: 1.31, 1.82) but not high income (
HR
1.13, 95%
CI
: 0.88, 1.46).

Conclusions

High stress was associated with greater risks of
CHD
and death for individuals with low but not high income.
Carotid Bifurcation Geometry Is an Independent Predictor of Early Wall Thickening at the Carotid Bulb
Authors: Bijari Payam B. , Wasserman Bruce A. , Steinman David A.
Published: December 2013

Background and Purpose—

Lumen geometry has long been suspected as a risk factor for atherosclerosis by virtue of its influence on blood flow disturbances. Confirmation of this geometric risk hypothesis has, however, proved challenging owing to possible effects of wall thickening on geometry and unproven links between candidate geometric variables and disturbed flow. The purpose of this study was to overcome these challenges.

Methods—

The study relied on imaging and risk factor data from progressively refined subsets of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Carotid MRI study. Group 1 (n=467) included only nonstenotic cases having sufficient quality angiography for 3-dimensional analysis. Group 2 (n=346) excluded cases from group 1 having common and internal carotid artery wall thickness above previously identified thresholds for inward remodeling. Group 3 (n=294) excluded cases from group 2 having lumen irregularities and thus was least likely to include lumen geometries influenced by wall thickening.

Results—

Multiple linear regressions showed that for group 3, bifurcation flare and proximal curvature were independent predictors of internal carotid artery wall thickness, consistent with their previously demonstrated roles in predicting disturbed flow. For the broadest group 1, flare was an independent predictor of internal carotid artery wall thickness but with a sign change in regression coefficient reflecting effects of wall thickening on lumen geometry.

Conclusions—

Carotid bifurcation geometry is an independent, albeit weak, predictor of its early wall thickening, but only when assumptions about geometric factors, and the influence of disease on them, are confronted. This highlights pitfalls of previous attempts to confirm geometric risk of atherosclerosis.
New species of Fannia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Fanniidae) from Colombia
Authors: DURANGO YESICA , RAMÍREZ-MORA MANUEL
Published: December 2013

Fannia Robineau-Desvoidy is a genus of calyptrate Diptera that comprises 89 Neotropical species, of which only 23 occur in Colombia. Based on male characters (including terminalia), two new species from the Department of Antioquia (Fannia colazorrensis sp. nov. and Fannia laclara sp. nov.) are described. Illustrations of the male are presented.
Why is the AMOC Monostable in Coupled General Circulation Models?
Authors: Liu Wei , Liu Zhengyu , Brady Esther C.
Published: December 2013

This paper is concerned with the question: why do coupled general circulation models (CGCM) seem to be biased toward a monostable Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC)? In particular, the authors investigate whether the monostable behavior of the CGCMs is caused by a bias of model surface climatology. First observational literature is reviewed, and it is suggested that the AMOC is likely to be bistable in the real world in the past and present. Then the stability of the AMOC in the NCAR Community Climate System Model, version 3 (CCSM3) is studied by comparing the present-day control simulation (without flux adjustment) with a sensitivity experiment with flux adjustment. It is found that the monostable AMOC in the control simulation is altered to a bistable AMOC in the flux-adjustment experiment because a reduction of the surface salinity biases in the tropical and northern North Atlantic leads to a reduction of the bias of freshwater transport in the Atlantic. In particular, the tropical bias associated with the double ITCZ reduces salinity in the upper South Atlantic Ocean and, in turn, the AMOC freshwater export, which tends to overstabilize the AMOC and therefore biases the AMOC from bistable toward monostable state. This conclusion is consistent with a further analysis of the stability indicator of two groups of IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) CGCMs: one without and the other with flux adjustment. Because the tropical bias is a common feature among all CGCMs without flux adjustment, the authors propose that the surface climate bias, notably the tropical bias in the Atlantic, may contribute significantly to the monostability of AMOC behavior in current CGCMs.
Prayer and the Transformation of Public Life in South Africa
Authors: Koopman Nico
Published: December 2013

This essay discusses the meaning of prayer, worship, and liturgy for the transformation and renewal of public life. As a crucial practice of the church, prayer creates, enhances, and nurtures a vision of a new society of holiness and justice. Prayer fosters courageous criticism of individuals and institutions where this vision is betrayed. Prayer thirdly forms and transforms humans into people of virtue and character who seek the good society through concrete obedience, quests for solidarity and justice, as well as practices of suffering and active and hopeful waiting upon God. I investigate the role that prayer played in the resistance against the apartheid regime, and spell out some implications of this threefold task of prayer for contemporary South Africa.
Prophecy as Arguing with God and the Ideal of Justice
Authors: Kimelman Reuven
Published: December 2013

Biblical prophecy seeks both to reconcile people to God and to reconcile God with people. Close examination of the roles of Abraham (Genesis 18), Moses (Exodus 32) and Elijah (1 Kings 19) demonstrates that prophets must always bear this dual responsibility, especially in arguing with God, lest they be unworthy of their loyalty both to the people and to God.
Tourism Entrepreneurship Performance
Authors: Hallak Rob , Assaker Guy , Lee Craig
Published: December 2013

Drawing on theories from environmental psychology, social psychology, and entrepreneurship, this study examines a nonrecursive (simultaneous equation) model of entrepreneurs’ place identity, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and performance across male and female tourism entrepreneurs. Data were collected from 150 male and 148 female tourism business owners in Australia. The results found that place identity (sense of identity with their town of residence) was positively related to entrepreneurial self-efficacy (beliefs in their capabilities as entrepreneurs). Furthermore, self-efficacy is a direct driver of performance, and not vice versa, for both male and female entrepreneurs. However, multigroup invariance analysis suggests that the nonrecursive model is partially moderated by the entrepreneurs’ gender. The relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and performance was significantly greater for the male group. The findings have implications for scholars in tourism and entrepreneurial studies, and for policy makers trying to support the sustainable development of tourism destinations.
Toward a Theoretical Foundation for Experience Design in Tourism
Authors: Tussyadiah Iis P.
Published: December 2013

This article aims at providing a theoretical framework for the practice of experience design in tourism drawing from a comprehensive review of literature from different disciplines relevant to tourism as a design context. Three fundamentals in tourism experience design are suggested: human-centeredness, iterative designing process, and a holistic experience concept as an outcome of designing. These call for four approaches to experience design in tourism: naturalistic inquiries and empathic design to target experience narratives, participatory design involving tourists at every stage of designing, integrative design research that include explorative, generative, and evaluative research as essential parts of designing, and the orientation of concepts and theories from multiple disciplines as applied to tourism contexts. Finally, tourism experience concept is elaborated into meta-concept, representing the value propositions of tourism destinations, and operational concept that allows for the orchestration of design elements within tourism destinations to allow for and facilitate desired experiences.
Habit Persistence in Air Passenger Traffic Destined for Florida
Authors: Cazanova Jose , Ward Ronald W. , Holland Stephen
Published: December 2013

At the core of travel demand theory is separating short- and long-term responses to events and determining how quickly potential travelers respond, if at all, to current events. Using habit persistence models applied to air travel to Florida, air travel demand models are estimated that measure habit persistence while accounting for economic and noneconomic travel demand variables. Along with the traditional economic demand drivers, the models account for weather, wildfires, and adjustments to post-9/11. Elasticities are shown and then simulations are used to fully illustrate the impacts of changing ticket prices, incomes, seasonality, Florida storms, and the recovery from 9/11. The degree of habit persistence is measured and then the short- and long-run adjustments in air traffic destined for Florida are shown.
Evaluating Destination Advertising
Authors: Stienmetz Jason L. , Maxcy Joel G. , Fesenmaier Daniel R.
Published: December 2013

Park, Nicolau, and Fesenmaier proposed the Destination Advertising Response (DAR) model as a means to more effectively evaluate destination advertising campaigns by incorporating the key decisions or components (i.e., facets) that comprise a trip. While this model appears to be an attractive alternative to traditional destination advertising evaluation, little research has been conducted to examine its validity. The goal of this study is to evaluate the potential usefulness of the DAR framework based upon current understanding of the travel decision-making process and industry practice. Additionally, the framework is evaluated based on a series of empirical analyses that consider the impact of destination advertising on the destination decision as well as on several trip-related decisions. The implications of this model for destination advertising are substantial in that it provides a much richer foundation for the development of destination marketing strategies.
Segmenting Potential Nature-Based Tourists Based on Temporal Factors
Authors: Tkaczynski Aaron , Rundle-Thiele Sharyn R. , Prebensen Nina K.
Published: December 2013

The opportunity to experience nature-based activities at a destination with climate variations is a major driver of visitation for tourists. Despite significant research into seasonality and nature-based activity preferences, academic researchers are not profiling activity-oriented tourists into segments based on temporal factors such as seasons. To address this research gap, an expert panel was first asked to classify activities collected in a large secondary Norwegian tourist questionnaire into seasons. Next, 8,962 potential nature-based tourists were segmented based on summer, winter, and year-round activity preferences. When seasonality was taken into account, four clusters were identified. A combined model where seasonality was not addressed yielded fewer segments, and differing variables indicating that segmentation researchers may benefit from considering a fifth segmentation factor, namely temporal, in future. Theoretical and practical implications from this research are outlined and opportunities for future research are provided.
Homelessness and Reentry
Authors: Lutze Faith E. , Rosky Jeffrey W. , Hamilton Zachary K.
Published: December 2013

Each year many offenders are released homeless putting them at great risk of being returned to prison. To reduce the likelihood of recidivism, Washington State implemented the Reentry Housing Pilot Program (RHPP) to provide housing assistance for high risk/high need offenders leaving prison without a viable place to live. This study provides a longitudinal (2008-2011), multisite outcome evaluation that considers how ex-offenders in the RHPP program ( n = 208), who were provided housing and wraparound services, compared with similar offenders released with an elevated risk of homelessness while being traditionally supervised ( n = 208). Findings show that the RHPP program was successful in significantly reducing new convictions and readmission to prison for new crimes, but had no significant effect on revocations. In addition, results showed that periods of homelessness significantly elevated the risk of recidivism for new convictions, revocations, and readmission to prison. The authors recommend that subsidized housing for high risk offenders become a central part of coordinated responses to reentry.
A novel single component epoxy resin adhesive with microcapsule latent curing agent of 2-phenylimidazole/polymethyl acrylic glycidyl ester
Authors: Ma Aijie , Zhang Qiuyu , Zhang Hepeng , Shi Youqiang , Liu Yu
Published: December 2013

2-Phenylimidazole (2-PZ) and polymethyl acrylic glycidyl ester (PGMA) are performed to fabricate a novel microcapsule latent curing agent of 2-PZ/PGMA by solvent evaporation method with 2-PZ as the core material and PGMA as the shell material. A novel single-component 2-PZ/PGMA/epoxy adhesive is also prepared by mixing 2-PZ/PGMA with epoxy resin matrix. The 2-PZ/PGMA microcapsules are characterized using scanning electron microscopy and granulometer. The curing kinetics and thermal properties of 2-PZ/PGMA/epoxy resin system are also investigated using differential scanning calorimeter, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, and thermogravimetric analysis. Results show that 2-PZ/PGMA has good sphericity and narrow diameter distribution. The curing process of the 2-PZ/PGMA/epoxy resin system contains autocatalytic mechanism. Compared with that of pure epoxy, the presence of the 2-PZ/PGMA has little effect on thermal stability for the epoxy.
The Road to Upward Mobility
Authors: Staub Alexandra
Published: December 2013

In the years after World War II, West Germany (after 1949 the Federal Republic of Germany, or FRG) experienced a severe housing shortage coupled with a demand—unambiguously conveyed by the occupying powers—to “modernize” and socially restructure. With war-torn cities needing extensive repair, politicians and planners made choices that affected not only the physical but also the social landscape, with the federal government ultimately using urban policy in an attempt to redefine identity and help shape a new middle class. This article traces this process by examining three postwar policy directions—suburbanization, urban high-rise housing, and automobile ownership—both as an economic driver and as a first toehold on the ladder to upward mobility. I argue that not only did these policy foci fundamentally change the FRG’s urban landscape, their physical manifestations became central to the nation’s often-acrimonious debate over societal modernization.
Pay-for-Performance’s Effect on Future Employee Performance
Authors: Nyberg Anthony J. , Pieper Jenna R. , Trevor Charlie O.
Published: December 2013

Although pay-for-performance’s potential effect on employee performance is a compelling issue, understanding this dynamic has been constrained by narrow approaches to pay-for-performance conceptualization, measurement, and surrounding conditions. In response, we take a more nuanced perspective by integrating fundamental principles of economics and psychology to identify and incorporate employee characteristics, job characteristics, pay system characteristics, and pay system experience into a contingency model of the pay-for-performance–future performance relationship. We test the role that these four key contextual factors play in pay-for-performance effectiveness using 11,939 employees over a 5-year period. We find that merit and bonus pay, as well as their multiyear trends, are positively associated with future employee performance. Furthermore, our findings indicate that, contrary to what traditional economic perspectives would predict, bonus pay may have a stronger effect on future performance than merit pay. Our results also support a contingency approach to pay-for-performance’s impact on future employee performance, as we find that merit pay and bonus pay can substitute for each other and that the strength of pay-for-performance’s effect is a function of employee tenure, the pay-for-performance trend over time, and job type (presumably due to differences in the measurability of employee performance across jobs).
Perceived Fairness and Relationship Satisfaction During the Transition to Parenthood
Authors: Chong Alexandra , Mickelson Kristin D.
Published: December 2013

The current study examined the influence of perceived fairness of household labor and childcare on relationship satisfaction among new parents. Emotional spousal support and negative spousal interactions were analyzed as potential mediators, using cross-sectional and longitudinal data from couples transitioning to parenthood ( N = 92). At 9 months postpartum, mothers’ perceived fairness of household labor and childcare were related to their relationship satisfaction through emotional spousal support. Negative interactions mediated the association between mothers’ perceived fairness of childcare and relationship satisfaction, concurrently and longitudinally across the transition. For fathers, there was no evidence of mediation. However, spousal effects of fathers’ perceived fairness of childcare on mothers’ relationship satisfaction was found longitudinally. Overall, the results demonstrate the importance of emotional spousal support and negative spousal interactions when understanding the influence of new mothers’ perceived fairness of family labor on their relationship satisfaction.
Words Won’t Fail
Authors: Lange Benjamin P. , Zaretsky Eugen , Schwarz Sascha , Euler Harald A.
Published: December 2013

Applying sexual selection theory to language, it can be assumed that high verbal proficiency increases attractiveness, but male more than female attractiveness, because women have higher costs regarding reproduction and are thus more selective in mate choice. These predictions were tested experimentally. In the first study, videos were used as the stimuli for opposite-sex participants where an actor/actress performed verbal self-presentations. The content was alike but was delivered with three levels of verbal proficiency with respect to lexical, grammatical, and fluency features. The main effect of verbal proficiency on attractiveness was supported, but the interaction effect was not supported between verbal proficiency and sex according to which male more than female attractiveness is affected by verbal proficiency. In the second study, only audio tracks from the videos were used. Both effects were significant, supporting the assertion that language plays a significant role in mate choice, especially for male attractiveness.
Approaches to ICT for development (ICT4D): vulnerabilities vs. capabilities
Authors: Loh Yvonne AC
Published: December 2013

Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D) scholars have often criticised that most researchers in this field tend not to use theory to build, test or extend further concepts in their projects (Ogan et al., 2009, Heeks, 2007) while Burrell and Toyama (2009) reflected that it is precisely because of its breadth and range of research that ICT4D lacks a common foundation of concepts and terms. Heeks (2007) lamented that very little work has been deduced from the ‘D’ of ICT4D. In this paper, the author will attempt to review recent literature which contributed to arguably the two most contentious concept-based researches in ICT for Development – Amartya Sen’s and philosopher Martha Nussbaum’s capabilities approach (Sen, 1999a, Nussbaum, 1988) against a very different vulnerabilities approach of poverty and debate the validity of both approaches to ICT4D research. This paper posits that both paradigms can be applied to the same development project depending on its enthymeme and suggests the acceptance that all of these viewpoints will and should continue to coexist within the realms of the academic and practitioner communities for the benefit of this new and emerging field called ICT4D.
Design and implementation of an agricultural publication information system using metadata description
Authors: Kumar Vinod
Published: December 2013

The scientific work of researchers or research institutes is generally assessed by the quality of resulting research publications. Therefore, a need arises to maintain information on publications in an organized and accessible manner. Existing software tools for information management of publications are not well suited for evaluation purposes, particularly for agricultural research, with interdisciplinary aspects. We implemented an Agricultural Publications Information System (AgriPubInfo) prototype for the documentation of research publications and evaluation of performance of institutions involved in agricultural research. This prototype, which supports a wide range of publication types, is designed to meet the specific requirements of agricultural research institutions and has features like advanced search option, extraction of publications statistics based on a variety of visual form based queries, etc. For filtering and effective searching, metadata formats suitable for describing scientific publications have been used in creating the database. Several workflow procedures maintain data quality and the system allows the researchers / users to enter the publication data in the database themselves. Public search facility has also been provided for searching records, dynamic browsing of publication lists and exporting the contents to various formats for creation of reports. This AgriPubInfo prototype can serve as a versatile tool for monitoring progress and facilitating evaluation of research quality at the individual and institutional levels.
Analysis of success factors in e-government transformation in Turkey: are these factors really the causes of success?
Authors: İskender Gökhan , Özkan Sevgi
Published: December 2013

This study analyses the relationship between the e-government transformation success in Turkey and the 18 success factors commonly assumed to be the causes of transformation success in the literature. The study uses a quantitative methodology previously developed by the same researchers, which considers transformation success as the dependent variable and the 18 success factors as the independent variables in a relational model and applies correlation, regression and factor analyses to the collected data to search for the probable relationships between these variables. The results of these analyses show that there are significant and positive correlations between the success factors and transformation success, but none of these correlations could be attributed to a cause and effect relationship, as assumed in similar studies. The results also show that classifying similar success factors under common headings to analyze transformation success is not statistically meaningful.
A contemporary review of venous adventitial cystic disease and three case reports
Authors: Chen YueXin , Sun RuiXue , Shao Jiang , Li YongJun , Liu ChangWei
Published: December 2013

Venous adventitial cystic disease is a rare vascular disease. The objective of the study is to contemporarily review the literature of venous adventitial cystic disease and report three other new cases of adventitial cystic disease in common femoral vein. Articles published between 1947 and April 2013 were searched in OVID and PubMed databases. The search yielded only 38 reported cases of venous adventitial cystic disease. The general characteristics and disease management information of the 41 cases (including our current 3 cases) were analyzed. Venous adventitial cystic disease could develop late in life with an average age of 48.39 years (range, 5 to 77 years). Similar to arterial adventitial cystic disease, venous adventitial cystic disease was also found to have a male predominance (male to female ratio, 1.28:1). The common femoral vein was the most likely vein to be involved (65.9%, 27 cases). Right and left sides were almost equally affected. Extremity swelling (86.8%, 33 cases) was the main symptom of patients presenting with venous adventitial cystic disease. Excision of cyst wall in 30 patients (73.2%) was the main surgical procedure with a recurrence rate of 11.5%. Thirteen involved veins were resected; of which, 10 were reconstructed with prosthetic or autologous graft. No recurrence was reported in these 13 patients. Postoperatively, nine cases received an anticoagulation therapy. In conclusion, the etiology, treatment strategy, and outcomes of venous adventitial cystic disease could not be well understood in the present review due to limited numbers of cases. Studies with careful follow-up for at least up to first several months are recommended.
Victimology and the sociology of new disciplines
Authors: Sebba Leslie , Berenblum Tamar
Published: December 2013

Focusing on the literature on the sociology of scientific knowledge, the purpose of the present article is to explore the extent to which its conceptual frameworks may be applicable to the field of victimology, thus providing new perspectives for the enhancement of our understanding of the manner in which this field has been developing and related ontological issues. The theoretical discussion is supplemented by initial explorations towards a quantitative analysis of the subject matter of victimology, based on a topical search using the EBSCO Criminal Justice Abstracts database. This analysis may serve to assist in identifying various characteristics pertaining to the publications, such as their academic focus and disciplinary framework, and in exploring the relationship between the journal publications, the literature on developing fields, and the historical development of victimology. The article seeks to promote a research agenda deriving from the linkage of the field of victimology to the literature on the sociology of scientific knowledge, thereby stimulating new ways of critiquing this field.
Addressing False Positives in Early Reading Assessment Using Intervention Response Data
Authors: McAlenney Athena Lentini , Coyne Michael D.
Published: December 2013

The current study examined a solution to high false positive reading risk classification rates in early kindergarten by investigating a method of identifying students with possible false positive risk classifications and returning them to general classroom instruction. Researchers assessed kindergarten students ( N = 105) identified as at risk who were participating in a full-year Tier 2 reading intervention program. Students with very strong initial curriculum mastery ( n = 9) were identified as having possible false positive risk classifications and returned to general classroom Tier 1 instruction. Very strong responders who were exited from intervention (i.e., exited strong responders) scored above the risk range across multiple reading measures at the end of the year and performed similarly to a historical comparison cohort who remained in intervention services for the entire year (i.e., treated strong responders). Results suggest that kindergarten students with false positive risk classifications can be identified after a period of intervention services and successfully returned to general classroom instruction.
Application of the A.S.P.E.N. Clinical Guideline for Nutrition Support of Hospitalized Adult Patients With Obesity
Authors: Schiavone Phyllis Ann , Piccolo Korinne , Compher Charlene
Published: December 2013

An A.S.P.E.N. clinical guideline addressing the nutrition support of hospitalized adult patients with obesity was recently published in the Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. Among the patient presentations for which this guideline might be used is those who have a gastrointestinal complication after bariatric surgery. A case study is discussed of a 43‐year‐old woman with a long history of severe obesity who had a bowel obstruction approximately 2 weeks after her laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy surgery. The patient's treatment plan for bowel rest and home parenteral nutrition was based on the A.S.P.E.N. clinical guideline for patients with obesity. She tolerated the course well and resumed the expected diet advancement and weight loss patterns expected of her weight‐loss surgery.
Effect of mixing parameters on the mechanical and thermal properties of a nanoclay-modified epoxy resin
Authors: Bakar M. , Kostrzewa M. , Białkowska A. , Pawelec Z.
Published: December 2013

The present work deals with the effect of the sonication amplitude and the mixing time on the mechanical and thermal properties of an epoxy (EP) resin modified with 1 wt% nanoclay. It was confirmed that the mechanical properties of the EP matrix were dependent on the dispersion of nanoclays which in turn are affected by the mixing parameters. At short mixing times, the impact strength (IS) increased with increasing amplitude. Maximum IS and flexural properties values were obtained with ultrasonic amplitude of 260 μm and a mixing time of 10 min. The effect of mixing time was more pronounced on the deflection temperature under load than the sonication amplitude. Moreover, it was shown that longer mixing times resulted in a smoother nanocomposite fracture surface with only few cracks. The fracture surfaces of the EP nanocomposites were rough with significant plastic deformations and several microcracks with nanoparticles embedded in the polymer matrix.
Flexible textile strain sensors from polypyrrole-coated XLA™ elastic fibers
Authors: Xue Pu , Wang Junpu , Tao Xiaoming
Published: December 2013

Conductive fibers play an important role in flexible strain sensors. In this study, DOW XLA™ elastic fibers coated with polypyrrole (PPy) is investigated in their strain sensing behavior and corresponding mechanisms. A coating technique is developed based on surface treatment and chemical vapor deposition. The plasma surface treatment is applied, resulting in uniform and continuous coating on the fiber surface. Then, the strain-sensing behavior of the PPy-coated XLA fiber is investigated under both simple and cyclic tension. Compared with PPy-coated polyamide 6 and Lycra fibers, the sensitivity of the electrically conductive fibers on XLA fiber base is much higher and the measuring range is wider. With the help of the scanning electron microscope, the strain-sensing mechanisms are studied and the open–close mechanism of microcracks on the coating layer is identified.
Preparation and characterization of heat-resistant polyimide/titanium dioxide nanocomposite films containing triptycene side units by sol–gel processes
Authors: Rafiee Zahra , Mallakpour Shadpour , Hatamvand Roshanak
Published: December 2013

Thermally stable polyimide/titanium dioxide (PI/TiO2) hybrid nanocomposite films have been successfully synthesized through the in situ formation of TiO2 within a PI matrix via sol–gel process. Poly(amic acid) (PAA) solutions are prepared from bis(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl triptycene and 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone solvent. The different amounts of tetraethyl orthotitanate and actylacetone (acac) are incorporated into PAA matrix, and then thermally imidized to form PI/TiO2. The chelating agent, acac, was applied to reduce the gelation rate of titanium alkoxide. Thermal decomposition temperatures with a 10% weight loss are in excess of 510°C, and char yields at 800°C under nitrogen atmosphere are higher than 69%. The chemical and morphological structures of the hybrid nanocomposites were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the TiO2 particles are well dispersed in the PI matrix with particle size between 10 and 30 nm in diameter.
Predictive models of the local and the global polished profiles in deterministic polishing of free-form surfaces
Authors: Fan Cheng , Zhao Ji , Zhang Lei , Hong Geok S , Wong Yoke S , Zhao Jun
Published: December 2013

The deterministic polishing process is usually used as the final step to produce part surfaces of high surface finish and form accuracy. This article presents the models of the local and the global polished profiles for the deterministic polishing process when a surface is polished by a spherical polisher. The local polished profile is modeled by integrating the index of material removal, which is defined as the polished depth at unit length of the polishing path, at each tool–surface contact region. According to the model, the local polished profile is determined by the process parameters, the tool attitude, the measuring angle and the geometrical/mechanical properties of workpiece and tool. The linear algebraic expression of the global polished profile is derived by convoluting the local polished depth at each dwell point of the polishing process. The polishing experiments are conducted to verify the proposed model in the different polishing conditions. Moreover, simulation results are given to illustrate the application of the proposed model in optimizing the feed rate to minimize the surface form error in the deterministic polishing process.
A comparison between whisker-reinforced alumina and SiAlON ceramic tools in high-speed face milling of Inconel 718
Authors: Tian Xianhua , Zhao Jun , Dong Ying , Zhu Ningbo , Zhao Jiabang , Li Anhai
Published: December 2013

This study makes a comparison between whisker-reinforced alumina and SiAlON ceramic tools in high-speed face milling of Inconel 718. A series of tests have been conducted, and the cutting forces, tool wear morphologies and tool failure mechanisms are discussed with regard to a wide range of cutting speeds (500–3000 m/min). Results show that the resultant cutting force of SiAlON ceramic tool KY1540 is much bigger than that of whisker-reinforced alumina ceramic tool KY4300 at the same cutting condition. For both kinds of tools, under relatively lower cutting speed, nose notch wear is the predominant failure mode affecting the tool life, while further increase in the cutting speed, notch wear at the depth of cut becomes the determining factor. KY1540 shows a better notch wear and thermal shock resistance than KY4300. The tool failure mechanisms involve notching, microcracks, chipping, flaking, adhesion and oxidation wear. Better surface quality can be got using KY4300 ceramic tools.
Springback reduction of aluminum sheet in V-bending dies
Authors: Choudhury Imtiaz A , Ghomi Vahid
Published: December 2013

The springback is one of the major defects associated with sheet metal–forming industry. The objective of this study is to minimize the springback and the process variability in V-bending operation. In all, 11 process parameters, the bending angle, sheet thickness, material type, material texture, punch speed, punch holding time, sheet width, punch radius, lubrication, warm working, and repeat bending, have been considered, and their effect on springback has been studied. Based on Taguchi L12211 orthogonal array design, bending tests were conducted on two types of aluminum sheets (Al 1100 and Al 6061), and investigation was focused mainly on the effect of process variables on the springback. As springback is a process defect, the smaller the better signal-to-noise ratio is utilized in the optimization process. Based on the analysis of variance results, the percentage contribution of each factor to springback was calculated and optimum levels of entire factors were ascertained. The punch holding time, material type, and lubrication were found to be the most significant factors affecting springback. The combined effect of these parameters on springback was about 70%. From the confirmation tests, there has been significant improvement in the standard deviation of the mean value of springback.
Dynamic analysis of closed high-speed precision press: Modeling, simulation and experiments
Authors: Jia Fang , Xu Fengyu
Published: December 2013

To forecast the dynamic responses of closed high-speed precision press accurately, a 3-degree-of-freedom (DOF) dynamic model of mass-spring damping is proposed in this work. This model operates by using the centralized parameter method. Considering the instantaneity of impact load, we employ impulse simulation to simulate the periodic impact working conditions of a JF75G-200 high-speed press using both 2-DOF and 3-DOF models. Simulation data on the dynamic responses of the press are acquired and compared with the results from on-site measuring. The proposed 3-DOF dynamic model of mass-spring damping has been proven by our simulation and test to be reliable as well as effective for detecting the dynamic responses of the press.
Train speed calculation using ground vibrations
Authors: Kouroussis Georges , Connolly David P , Forde Mike C , Verlinden Olivier
Published: December 2013

This paper presents a high precision train speed calculation technique based on ground vibration information. This versatile method can calculate speeds for trams, intercity locomotives and high speed trains on any track/embankment arrangement. Additionally, it has high accuracy for sensors located up to 100 m from the track, thus allowing semi-remote, non-invasive monitoring of train velocities. The calculation method combines three separate speed calculation techniques to provide estimates for arbitrary train speeds, even for sensors placed at large track offsets. The first estimation technique involves the use of cepstral analysis to isolate key harmonics for use with speed calculation. The second method is similar; however, the combination of a running rms and a previously developed “dominant frequency method” are used. The third method uses an analytical vibration frequency prediction model in combination with regression analysis to calculate train speed. All three methods are combined into one calculation procedure, resulting in high accuracy estimates. To show the robustness and ability of the new method to calculate a wide range of train speeds, it is used to predict tram, intercity and high speed rail train passage velocities generated from a previously validated vibration prediction numerical model. More importantly, it is used to predict train speeds during field trials performed on operational railway lines in Belgium and in UK. The new method is shown to offer high performance for several train types and track setups (including abutment and tunnel cases).
Loss Attention in a Dual-Task Setting
Authors: Yechiam Eldad , Hochman Guy
Published: December 2013

The positive effect of losses on performance has been explained as stemming from the increased weighting of losses relative to gains. We examine an alternative possibility whereby this effect is mediated by attentional processes. Using the dual-task paradigm, we expected that positive effects of losses on performance would emerge under attentional scarcity and diffuse to a concurrently presented task. In Study 1, decision performance was compared for a task that involved either gains or losses and was performed either alone or as a secondary task. The results showed a significant 40% improvement in performance in the loss condition, but only under conditions of resource scarcity, when the task was a secondary one. In Study 2, the same task was presented as a primary task. Again, losses were associated with improved performance in the secondary task. Given that this secondary task did not include losses, these findings demonstrate an attentional spillover effect.
Self-Affirmation Among the Poor
Authors: Hall Crystal C. , Zhao Jiaying , Shafir Eldar
Published: December 2013

The poor are universally stigmatized. The stigma of poverty includes being perceived as incompetent and feeling shunned and disrespected. It can lead to cognitive distancing, diminish cognitive performance, and cause the poor to forego beneficial programs. In the present research, we examined how self-affirmation can mitigate the stigma of poverty through randomized field experiments involving low-income individuals at an inner-city soup kitchen. Because of low literacy levels, we used an oral rather than written affirmation procedure, in which participants verbally described a personal experience that made them feel successful or proud. Compared with nonaffirmed participants, affirmed individuals exhibited better executive control, higher fluid intelligence, and a greater willingness to avail themselves of benefits programs. The effects were not driven by elevated positive mood, and the same intervention did not affect the performance of wealthy participants. The findings suggest that self-affirmation can improve the cognitive performance and decisions of the poor, and it may have important policy implications.
Saving in Cycles
Authors: Tam Leona , Dholakia Utpal
Published: December 2013

Low personal savings rates are an important social issue in the United States. We propose and test one particular method to get people to save more money that is based on the cyclical time orientation. In contrast to conventional, popular methods that encourage individuals to ignore past mistakes, focus on the future, and set goals to save money, our proposed method frames the savings task in cyclical terms, emphasizing the present. Across the studies, individuals who used our proposed cyclical savings method, compared with individuals who used a linear savings method, provided an average of 74% higher savings estimates and saved an average of 78% more money. We also found that the cyclical savings method was more efficacious because it increased implementation planning and lowered future optimism regarding saving money.
Correspondence without correspondence theory: Comment on Haig and Borsboom
Authors: Markus Keith A.
Published: December 2013

Haig and Borsboom advocate for psychological science to adopt a correspondence theory of truth. However, their argument requires a hidden premise that only correspondence theories of truth bring the benefits that they ascribe to correspondence. This premise is not plausible and their argument therefore does not support their recommendation. Additionally, considerations extraneous to Haig and Borsboom’s argument speak in favor of considering alternative theories of truth.
In defense of correspondence truth: A reply to Markus
Authors: Borsboom Denny , Haig Brian D.
Published: December 2013

In his response to our article, Keith Markus argues that our recommendation that psychologists adopt correspondence truth is not supported by sound argument. In our rejoinder, we show that Markus’s critique only has force against a minor part of our article. Additionally, we show that he does not accurately reconstruct our argument in favor of correspondence truth. Moreover, we rebut two of his arguments for taking up alternative theories of truth. We maintain that the ability of correspondence truth to explain important features of scientific practice is yet to be demonstrated for rival theories of truth.