bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diferenciação morfométrica entre larvas de Amblyomma sculptum Berlese, 1888 e Amblyomma dubitatum Neumann, 1899
Authors: Brites-Neto J. , Brasil J. , Takeda G.A.C.G. , Guillen A.C. , Labruna M.B. , Pinter A.
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Os carrapatos estão envolvidos em processos biológicos de uma grande variedade de organismos patogênicos. O gênero Amblyomma é o de maior importância médica, com a espécie Amblyomma sculptum Berlese, 1888 envolvida no ciclo de transmissão da febre maculosa brasileira (FMB). Neste estudo, objetivou-se a validação molecular para uma diferenciação na característica morfométrica e no tamanho de idiossoma de larvas de duas espécies de carrapatos, Amblyomma dubitatum Neumann, 1899 e A. sculptum. Larvas não alimentadas foram coletadas em duas áreas de transmissão para FMB, por meio da técnica de armadilha atrativa de CO2. Foram identificadas em nível de espécie por morfometria comparativa, análise molecular por PCR e sequenciamento genômico, com validação pela análise de concordância pelo teste Kappa. As larvas de A. dubitatum apresentaram um comprimento significativamente maior que as larvas de A. sculptum. Embora nenhuma outra espécie do gênero Amblyomma tenha sido testada neste estudo, essa técnica poderá ser utilizada nos locais onde levantamentos acarológicos prévios, baseados nos estádios de ninfa e adultos, indicaram a presença de apenas A. sculptum e A. dubitatum, geralmente mantidos por capivaras. Digno de nota, essa condição é muito comum ao longo das áreas endêmicas para FMB na região Sudeste do Brasil.
Birth weight, physical growth and body composition in children: A longitudinal study
Authors: SANTOS Marcos André Moura dos , VERÇOSA Marcela de França , GOMES Thayse Natacha Queiroz Ferreira , MAIA José António Ribeiro , LEANDRO Carol Gois
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Objective To describe children’s physical growth (body mass and height) velocity and body composition (fat percentage and Fat Free Mass); to investigate the magnitude of interindividual differences according to age, gender and birth weight categories, as well as to examine the differences in the average trajectories of children with Low Birth Weight and Normal Weight according to international references. Methods The sample consisted of 534 children (279 boys and 255 girls, 7 to 10 years old) evaluated in the first year of study and followed for 3 years with overlap between the ages of 7 and 9 years. Physical growth and body composition measurements included: height, body mass, fat percentage (%Fat) and Fat Free Mass. Multilevel Modelling was used. Results Birth weight was not associated with physical growth and body composition markers at 7 years old or with the velocity of their changes (p>0.05). There were significant interindividual differences in the trajectories of physical growth (height and body mass; p<0.001) and body composition (%Fat and Fat Free Mass; p<0.001). In plotting on international percentile charts, the trajectories of growth and body composition were within expected values for age and gender, regardless of birth weight. Conclusion There are significant differences in the dynamics of stature growth, body mass and Fat Free Mass, and Low Birth Weight has no influence on this trajectory. In addition, values are within the expected range for age and sex.
The relationship between serum retinol concentrations and subclinical infection in rural Brazilian children
Authors: TELES Laísla França da Silva , PAIVA Adriana de Azevedo , LUZIA Liania Alves , LIMA-FERREIRA Flávia Emília Leite de , CARVALHO Cecilia Maria Resende Gonçalves de , RONDÓ Patrícia Helen de Carvalho
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the relationship between serum retinol concentrations and subclinical infection in children from rural settlements. Methods A cross-sectional population-based study was carried out in nine rural settlements in the northeastern region of Brazil, involving 118 children aged 6 to 59 months. The relationship between serum retinol and C-Reactive Protein levels, an important marker of infectious and inflammatory processes, was investigated by multiple linear regression, controlling for demographic, socioeconomic and nutritional variables. Serum retinol and C-Reactive Protein were measured, respectively, by High Performance Liquid Chromatography and immunoturbidimetric assay in automated equipment. Results Vitamin A deficiency (retinol <0.70μmol/L) was identified in 9.3% of the children. C-Reactive Protein was the only predictor of retinol concentrations in the final regression model, causing a 0.728μmol/L reduction in retinol concentrations in the studied children (p=0.008). Conclusion Vitamin A deficiency is a problem of mild/moderate severity and measures to control infectious diseases in this population are fundamental to prevent and/or combat this problem.
Eating approach of bereaved individuals: A protocol proposal
Authors: CAMPOS Maria Teresa Fialho de Sousa , PELUZIO Maria do Carmo Gouveia , ARAÚJO Raquel Maria Amaral
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Objective The objective of this manuscript was to discuss the care inherent to the methodological procedures for food research in bereavement situations, proposing the use of a conduct protocol. Methods The protocol for food research in bereavement is presented, based on the critical review of literature and the experience with food surveys applied to bereaved people. Results The conduct protocol is divided into three moments corresponding to the meetings and the steps of approach are discussed in these care services. This research seeks to problematize this investigation, outlining the phases of coping with bereavement that involve greater adherence, from these individuals, to food surveys. Conclusion The conduct protocol guiding the investigation of eating habits of bereaved individuals provides information that allows the professional to evaluate the influence of bereavement on food in addition to allowing a greater adherence of these individuals to the survey.
Sistema de camadas de aculturamento institucional em Immanuel Kant aplicado ao Ensino Superior em Administração
Authors: França Júnior Francisco Cristino de , Tassigny Mônica Mota
Published: October 2018

Resumo Este artigo, de caráter reflexivo-teórico, avalia conceitos de Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) com o objetivo de construir um instrumental teórico capaz de indicar diretrizes para o planejamento das práticas de Ensino Superior em cursos de Administração. O estudo descreve os conceitos básicos sobre conhecimento, razão e juízos, apresentando modelo ilustrativo no qual se evidenciam alguns esclarecimentos e interpretações profícuas na revisão e montagem de cursos de Administração. Trata-se da primeira etapa de teorização, que deve ser sucedida por trabalhos técnicos com vistas à implantação das ideias gerais aqui apresentadas.
Capitalismo acadêmico e reformas neoliberais no ensino superior brasileiro
Authors: Costa Camila Furlan da , Goulart Sueli
Published: October 2018

Resumo Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar o exercício de compreensão da economia política do ensino superior a partir da contextualização e descrever os principais programas governamentais desenvolvidos nos governos Lula e Dilma. Exploramos a categoria capitalismo acadêmico para um exercício inicial de análise das reformas neoliberais no ensino superior brasileiro. Essa categoria busca identificar as múltiplas formas e significados, por meio das quais comportamentos de mercado e pró-mercado têm sido adotados pelas universidades estadunidenses para criar processos de integração à chamada nova economia em busca de fontes alternativas de financiamento. Ao aproximar os programas governamentais brasileiros à ótica do capitalismo acadêmico, identificamos que as mudanças impostas pelas alterações na legislação contribuem para a reestruturação das práticas acadêmicas e criam condições para a implementação do regime acadêmico capitalista. Entretanto, o viés funcionalista-sistêmico-estrutural da categoria e a necessidade de mediação com o concreto impõem limites para o entendimento das reformas no ensino superior do país. Vislumbramos que, para refletir sobre as implicações da lógica neoliberal nas reformas em países dependentes como o Brasil, é necessário retomar o pensamento do sociólogo brasileiro Florestan Fernandes e submeter a categoria padrão dependente de educação superior, formulada por ele na década de 1970, a mediações histórico-concretas coetâneas para compreender como as reformas em curso se relacionam com aquele padrão.
Mulheres em posição de liderança: obstáculos e expectativas de gênero em cargos gerenciais
Authors: Hryniewicz Lygia Gonçalves Costa , Vianna Maria Amorim
Published: October 2018

Resumo A representatividade da mulher em altos cargos vem aumentando ao longo dos anos, mas as dificuldades ainda persistem. O objetivo deste artigo é identificar os obstáculos que se apresentam ao longo da carreira da mulher brasileira e entender como ela se reconhece na posição de líder, quais são seus principais desafios e como ela pode superá-los para atingir a igualdade - não apenas no trabalho, mas também no lar. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo. Selecionamos, por meio de rede social própria, 15 mulheres que atuavam como líderes em organizações públicas e privadas no Rio de Janeiro, entre 2014 e 2016. Os resultados mostraram que essas mulheres tinham uma noção mais andrógina de liderança do que a sugerida pela literatura e que elas se viam como merecedoras desse papel, apesar de sofrerem vários tipos de preconceito em suas trajetórias.
Quality monitoring of soybean seed tests using Statistical Process Control
Authors: Alcântara Aline S. , Prado Jéssica P. do , Corrêa Rafael de G. , Silva Rouverson P. da , Voltarelli Murilo A. , Vieira Roberval D.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT The success of soybean cultivation depends on several factors, one which is the use of high-quality seeds, which can guarantee growth of the desired plant population. The objective of this study was to monitor possible failures during the seed production process, and to determine the association between germination and tetrazolium tests through tools of Statistical Process Control (CEP). The experimental design was based on premises of the CEP, using percentage of germination, seed viability, mechanical damage, bed bug, and moisture as indicators of quality. It is possible to detect flaws in the soybean production process through control charts, as well as through germination and tetrazolium tests; results indicated that germination failures are largely caused by mechanical damage and bed bug attacks.
Formation of ternary organic acids-Fe-P complexes on the growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Authors: Schmitt Djalma E. , Gatiboni Luciano C. , Orsoletta Daniel J. D. , Brunetto Gustavo
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Phosphorus (P) reacts with chemical and mineralogical constituents in the soil, mainly in tropical and subtropical soils. Therefore, strategies have been used to reduce the adsorption of P to the soil, among them, the formation of complexes that could decrease P adsorption to the soil. Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the formation of organic acid-Fe-P complexes in the laboratory and the efficiency of these complexes on the growth of wheat plants (T. aestivum) grown under greenhouse conditions. In experiment 1, seven low-molecular-weight organic acids (OA) were selected and a protocol for the formation of complexes between organic acid and Fe3+ at pH 4.0 was performed. After stirring, P was added to the organic acid-Fe complex to form the ternary complex. The remaining P was evaluated to determine the amount of P in the complex. In experiment 2, the three OAs which had the largest amount of complexes were selected, together with a treatment with soluble P and a control. Wheat was grown in potted soil in a greenhouse for 34 days. The amount of ternary organic acid-Fe-P complexes formed varied from 5 to 42% of the added P. However, when these complexes were added to the soil, in treatments with greater amount of complex formed there was lower growth of wheat. Thus, the ternary complex with organic acid-Fe-P has little effect on the performance of wheat plants.
Pressure and angle of the seed-fertilizer drill press wheel on corn emergence
Authors: Dugato Dailson , Palma Marcos A. Z.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT In precision seed-fertilizer drills, the soil compaction mechanism is responsible for closing the furrow, pressing the soil over the seed. Among the available models, the most used is the V-type wheel system, with several options to regulate the wheel opening angle and pressure exerted on the soil. This study was carried out in the experimental area of the Federal University of Fronteira Sul - Campus Cerro Largo, in an clayey Red Latosol. Parameters related to corn emergence and the seedbed characteristics were evaluated at different regulations of opening angle and pressure of the compaction mechanism. The results indicate that mechanism regulations had no influence on emergence speed, emergence speed index and population of corn plants, under the studied conditions. However, the treatment with highest load and parallel alignment of the wheels caused lower values of elevated area and swelling. Treatments with 15° opening angle caused accumulation of soil in the center of the row, affecting the elevation height.
Can combine headers and travel speeds affect the quality of soybean harvesting operations?
Authors: Menezes Patricia C. de , Silva Rouverson P. da , Carneiro Franciele M. , Girio Lucas A. da S. , Oliveira Mailson F. de , Voltarelli Murilo A.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Assuring the quality of mechanical soybean harvesting is crucial to ensure that investment in other stages of crop production is converted into profit for the farmer. Because the quality of this operation is related to decreased losses, which may be affected by the combine header used and by the harvesting speed, the aim of the present study was to assess the quality of mechanical soybean harvesting in the Southern Cone of Rondônia, using harvesters with different combine headers and travel speeds via statistical process control. The experiment was performed during the 2015/16 harvest in an agricultural area of the municipality of Cabixi, RO, located at the geographical coordinates 13° 27’ S and 60° 41’ W. The study was designed based on the premises of the statistical process control, sampling 80 points 100 m apart. Combine header, internal, total, and cutting height losses were assessed. Quality of the harvesting process was assessed using the draper header. Travel speed had little effect on process quality. Crop losses were higher than the acceptable limit, indicating the need to improve the process.
EFFECT OF TWO CHEMOTYPES OF OREGANO ESSENTIAL OIL ON BROILER PERFORMANCE, NUTRIENT BALANCE, AND LIPID PEROXIDATION OF BREAST MEAT DURING STORAGE
Authors: Ariza Nieto Claudia , Ortiz Ronnal Esneyder , Tellez Germán Afanador
Published: October 2018

Abstract This study evaluated the functional effects of two chemotypes of oregano essential oil (OEO): Lippia Origanoides (LO) and a comercial product Synergy Essence (SE). Broilers were randomly assigned to one of eight dietary treatments: 1) Basal diet (BD); 2) BD+ antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) (bacitracin 50g/ton); 3) BD+LO125 (125g/ton); 4) BD+LO250 (250g/ton); 5) BD+LO500 (500g/ton); 6) BD+SE125 (125g/ton); 7) BD+SE250 (250g/ton); 8) BD+SE500 (500g/ton). At the time of slaughter (42 d), five birds per treatment were slaughtered. A portion of the breast was minced and stored at -4 ºC for 3, 6, and 9 days. Lipid peroxidation was determined by measuring of malondialdehyde (MDA), data were analyzed as a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement of treatments (8x4). Broilers fed SE250 had greater average daily gain (ADG) compared to broilers fed BD (P<0.05). Broilers fed LO500 had greater (P<0.05) organic matter digestibility than the ones fed BD. As days of storage increased, MDA concentration increased (P<0.05). Broilers fed SE500 had lower (P<0.05) MDA concentration than those fed BD and AGP. These data indicate that birds fed OEO grow faster than those fed a BD, similar to birds fed AGP. Some of these responses are possibly explained by increased digestibility and energy utilization. In addition, providing OEO from SE at 500g/ton resulted in lower lipid peroxidation in ground breast meat throughout the tested storage time.
Entre a biomedicina, a saúde pública e os direitos: um estudo sobre os argumentos do Consórcio Internacional sobre Contracepção de Emergência para promover o acesso aos contraceptivos de emergência em “países em desenvolvimento”
Authors: Bastos Luiza Lena , Ventura Miriam , Brandão Elaine Reis
Published: October 2018

Resumo Esta é uma pesquisa socioantropológica documental sobre os argumentos do Consórcio Internacional sobre Contracepção de Emergência (ICEC) para ampliar o acesso das mulheres ao método nos “países em desenvolvimento”. Três abordagens teóricas foram identificadas: a sanitária, a farmacêutica e a dos direitos. Este trabalho permite refletir sobre os múltiplos sentidos conferidos pelo consórcio aos contraceptivos de emergência como dispositivos biomédicos e sanitários cujo acesso deve se constituir como um direito para as mulheres, pois possibilitam o exercício da autonomia reprodutiva.
A performance pós-moderna de Nélida Piñon contra o feminicídio em Vozes do deserto
Authors: Gomes Carlos Magno
Published: October 2018

Resumo Este artigo apresenta um estudo sobre as estratégias de resistência contra o feminicídio no romance pós-moderno Vozes do deserto (2004), de Nélida Piñon. Essa obra, além de retomar o imaginário árabe, descreve a luta feminista da protagonista, Scherezade, por liberdade e pelo fim da execução das esposas do Califa, possibilitando um debate aprofundado sobre o sacrifício feminino como parte de uma estrutura social de manutenção do poder masculino por meio da violência de gênero. Esse poder se impõe por meio de assédios, de agressões físicas e da tirania da execução da esposa/companheira, quando fora dos padrões morais impostos pelos valores patriarcais, conforme os estudos antropológicos de Rita Laura Segato, Henrietta Moore e Lia Zanotta Machado.
“Pedagogía de la visibilidad” – Experiencias escolares de jóvenes en una escuela secundaria pública de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires
Authors: Baez Jesica
Published: October 2018

Resumen Este artículo tiene por objeto analizar cómo la visibilización de los y las jóvenes que se identifican como gay, lesbiana, bisexual, mujer diferente (o en términos generales “raro”) repercute en la experiencia educativa en la escuela secundaria; y a su vez, cómo la escuela contribuye en la construcción de esos cuerpos sexuados. Para ello, se recuperan los resultados de una investigación etnográfica realizada en una escuela pública ubicada en zona sur de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires (Argentina) que atiende a sectores de recursos medios y medios bajos.
Deleterious effects of prolonged bed rest on the body systems of the elderly - a review
Authors: Guedes Luana Petruccio Cabral Monteiro , Oliveira Maria Liz Cunha de , Carvalho Gustavo de Azevedo
Published: October 2018

Abstract Objective: to describe the deleterious effects of prolonged bed rest on the body systems of the elderly. Method: an integrative-narrative review was carried out, with the following research question: What are the effects of prolonged bed rest on the body systems of the elderly? The PubMed and Virtual Health Library databases were searched with the following terms: "bed rest” and "elderly" with the Boolean operator “and”. Results: a total of 1,639 articles were found. After application of the established criteria, nine articles remained, and 20 were added to maintain the citation of the primary source, giving a total of 29 articles. Conclusion: the immobility associated with prolonged bed rest is detrimental to the health of the elderly, as it affects several systems, such as the cardiovascular, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal and urinary systems, which may lead to the onset of diseases in addition to those that led to bed rest.
Telecare for the elderly: coercion, confidence and satisfaction associated with its use
Authors: Neves Bruna Borba , Goldim José Roberto
Published: October 2018

Abstract Objective: to evaluate the expression of coercion, confidence and satisfaction with the use of telecare. Method: a cross-sectional study was carried out of prevalent cases with elderly residents in the city of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, who had already used telecare services. The sociodemographic variables used were: gender, age, schooling and marital status. In order to evaluate the perception of coercion, the Perceived Coercion Scale was applied in relation to the use of telecare and those responsible for deciding to use the technology. Confidence in the use of telecare technology and the satisfaction associated with its use were evaluated. Quantitative data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistical measures. Means and standard deviations were used. Differences were assessed by analysis of variance, with a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). Results: the sample consisted of 25 elderly people who used telecare. When evaluating the distribution of the answers obtained, it was found that 11 (44%) of those interviewed did not perceive any coercion associated with their decision. The others had varying perceptions, with an average of 23%. Respondents expressed high confidence and satisfaction with telecare. Conclusion: the decision-making process associated with the use of telecare had a low perception of coercion, combined with high confidence and satisfaction with the use of the technology.
Prevalence of urinary incontinence among the elderly and relationship with physical and mental health indicators
Authors: Kessler Marciane , Facchini Luiz Augusto , Soares Mariangela Uhlmann , Nunes Bruno Pereira , França Sandra Mattos , Thumé Elaine
Published: October 2018

Abstract Objective: to verify the prevalence of urinary incontinence and its relationship with physical and mental health indicators in the elderly population of Bagé, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Method: a cross-sectional population-based study was conducted in 2008 with 1,593 elderly persons. Poisson regression was used for crude and adjusted analysis between the outcomes and the independent variables. Results: the prevalence of urinary incontinence was 20.7%, being 26.9% among women and 10.3% among men. The associated factors were female gender, age 70 to 74 and 75 years or over, yellow/brown/indigenous ethnicity/skin color and no schooling. The prevalence of functional disability, depression, cognitive deficit and very poor/poor self-perception of health was significantly higher in women with urinary incontinence. Among incontinent men, the same was observed with regard to functional disability and cognitive deficit. Conclusion: the occurrence of urinary incontinence in the elderly is frequent, especially in women, with a significant relationship with physical and mental health conditions in the elderly population. These results support the development of care strategies to prevent incontinence and minimize its health impacts.
Factors associated with the hospitalization of the elderly: a national study
Authors: Bordin Danielle , Cabral Luciane Patrícia Andreani , Fadel Cristina Berger , Santos Celso Bilynkievycz dos , Grden Clóris Regina Blanski
Published: October 2018

Abstract Objective :to analyze the factors associated with hospitalization among the Brazilian elderly based on multidimensional methodology. Method: a cross-sectional, quantitative study was performed with data from the National Health Survey (2013) population-based study. The sample was composed of 23,815 individuals over the age of 60 years. Hospitalization was considered the outcome variable and 53 independent variables were included, relating to: sociodemographic characteristics; limitations and illness; difficulties in performing basic and instrumental activities of daily living; use of health services and medical emergencies. Results: it was found that 10% of the elderly were hospitalized in the previous year. This event was related to: a negative self-perception of health (OR = 1.35); stopping performing any of their usual activities due to health reasons (OR = 2.14); difficulty going to the doctor (OR = 1.65) or walking alone (OR = 1.55); a recent search for a site, service or health professional for health-related care (OR = 1.47); increased frequency of annual medical visits (OR = 2.93) and household emergency (OR = 5.40). Conclusion: the results reinforce the fact that multiple factors are associated with the hospitalization of the elderly. The analysis of these associations has the potential to make health professionals and administrators aware of the need to improve health care for the elderly and to assist in the organization and planning of the actions of the entire health service network.
Quality of life of elderly people who care for other elderly people with neurological diseases
Authors: Oliveira Julimar Fernandes de , Delfino Lais Lopes , Batistoni Samila Sathler Taveres , Neri Anita Liberalesso , Cachioni Meire
Published: October 2018

Abstract Objective: to investigate the relationships between the perceived quality of life of elderly people who care for other elderly people with neurological diseases (dementia and strokes) and the gender, age and caregiver burden, diagnosis, functional dependence, and cognitive status of the care recipient. Method: 75 caregivers aged over 60 years were interviewed using the Quality of Life Scale (CASP-19) and Zarit Burden Interview. The levels of physical vulnerability of the elderly were identified through the Lawton and Brody questionnaires and the Katz scale and the cognitive assessment of elderly care recipients was assessed with the Clinical Dementia Rating. The data were analyzed by chi-squared test (for comparison of categorical variables), Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis U tests (for comparison of continuous variables). To study the associations between variables, univariate logistic regression analysis was performed, followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: the age, gender of the caregiver, type of neurological condition, and physical and cognitive functioning of the care recipient did not statistically influence the quality of life of the caregiver. Elderly caregivers with higher levels of burden (≥29) were 11.4 times more likely to have a worse quality of life score (CI: 3.16-36.77; p <0.001). Conclusion: the quality of life of the elderly caregiver is negatively influenced by the burden involved in caring for another elderly person. Identifying the negative emotional aspects of caregivers that negatively affect their quality of life should be considered a target for intervention by health teams.
AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO PIBID PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DOS SABERES DOCENTES: A EXPERIÊNCIA DA LICENCIATURA EM CIÊNCIAS NATURAIS, UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA
Authors: Silva Delano Moody Simões da , Falcomer Viviane Aparecida da Silva , Porto Franco de Salles
Published: October 2018

RESUMO: A formação do professor deve ser pensada e construída dentro da sua profissão, com estratégias de formação que proporcionem aos futuros professores a inserção no seu ambiente de trabalho e o desenvolvimento/mobilização de saberes relacionados à carreira docente. Nessa perspectiva, o Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) tem contribuído para os processos de formação de professores em diversas áreas. O objetivo desse estudo foi, a partir dos relatórios entregues pelos alunos bolsistas do PIBID, discutir as contribuições desse programa para o desenvolvimento e mobilização dos saberes docentes nos alunos participantes do subprojeto de Ciências Naturais (Universidade de Brasília). Nossos resultados indicam que os bolsistas participantes do PIBID mobilizam e desenvolvem saberes relacionados à profissão docente, indicando que essa proposta tende a romper com um modelo de formação aplicacionista do conhecimento, respeitando e reconhecendo a escola e seus professores como colaboradores e parceiros no processo de formação.
Termos de esclarecimento e responsabilidade à luz da bioética de intervenção
Authors: Sousa Eduardo David Gomes de , Francisco António Hélder , Alfredo Edson , Manchola Camilo
Published: October 2018

Resumo No Brasil, o acesso aos medicamentos do Componente Especializado da Assistência Farmacêutica, no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde, ocorre mediante preenchimento e entrega do termo de esclarecimento e responsabilidade nas farmácias especializadas. Estes termos visam a obtenção do consentimento informado do paciente no que diz respeito ao tratamento medicamentoso oferecido. O estudo avaliou-os à luz do referencial teórico da bioética de intervenção com ênfase na garantia da autonomia do paciente e na sua proteção como ente vulnerável. Embora haja dispositivos que resguardem sua privacidade e forneçam informações relevantes para seu empoderamento na relação com o médico, os termos carecem de medidas protetivas nos casos em que ocorrem efeitos indesejáveis. Cabe, portanto, ao Estado fortalecê-los para garantir verdadeira autonomia dos pacientes, balizar sua vulnerabilidade e assegurar medidas de proteção em casos de episódios adversos.
Side effects of mandibular advancement splints for the treatment of snoring and obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review
Authors: Martins Olivia de Freitas Mendes , Chaves Junior Cauby Maia , Rossi Rowdley Robert Pereira , Cunali Paulo Afonso , Dal-Fabbro Cibele , Bittencourt Lia
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Introduction: Occlusal side effects or development of pain and/or functional impairment of the temporomandibular complex are potential reasons for poor compliance or abandonment of mandibular advancement splints treatment for snoring and obstructive sleep apnea. Objective: This study aimed at providing a comprehensive review evaluating the craniofacial side effects of oral appliance therapy for snoring and obstructive sleep apnea. Methods: An electronic search was systematically conducted in PubMed and Virtual Health Library from their inception until October 2016. Only Randomized Controlled Trials whose primary aim was to measure objectively identified side effects on craniofacial complex of a custom-made oral appliance for treating primary snoring or obstructive sleep apnea were included. Studied patients should be aged 20 or older. The risk of bias in the trials was assessed in accordance with the recommendations of The Cochrane Risk of Bias criteria. Results: A total of 62 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. After the review process, only 6 met all the inclusion criteria. All studies were rated as having a high risk of bias. The most uniformly reported mandibular advancement splint side effects were predominantly of dental nature and included a decrease in overjet and overbite. The risk of developing pain and function impairment of the temporomandibular complex appeared limited with long-term mandibular advancement splint use. Conclusion: The limited available evidence suggests that mandibular advancement splint therapy for snoring and obstructive sleep apnea results in changes in craniofacial morphology that are predominantly dental in nature, specially on a long-term basis. Considering the chronic nature of obstructive sleep apnea and that oral appliance use might be a lifelong treatment, a thorough customized follow-up should therefore be undertaken to detect possible side effects on craniofacial complex. It is also important to provide adequate information to the patients regarding these possible changes, especially to those in whom larger occlusal changes are to be expected or in whom they are unfavorable. Long-term assessments of adverse effects of oral appliance therapy, with larger study samples and recruitment of homogenous patient population are still required.
Evaluation of tongue/mandible volume ratio in children with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Hotwani Kavita , Sharma Krishna , Jaiswal Arpan
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: The present study was an attempt to investigate tongue/mandible volume ratio in children, using volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for early screening and to aid in treatment planning. Methods: Volumetric evaluation of tongue volume/mandible volume ratio (TV/MV ratio) in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) using MRI was carried out retrospectively on available DICOM MR images of children in the age group of 10-14 years. MRI image records of patients diagnosed with OSA were obtained from interventional radiology department records, at Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital (Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur/India). The age, gender, height and weight of the subjects were retrieved from patient database and registered. For the control group, available MRI images of healthy subjects without OSA were retrieved. Body mass index (BMI) was also calculated using the height and the weight present in the records. Measurements from MR images were made using DICOM image processing software. Soft tissue and bony structure segmentation was performed by manual tracing. The tongue volume and mandible volume were directly computed using the software. The tongue volume/mandible volume ratio (TV/MV) was generated using the above values and expressed as a percentage for both groups. Results: The difference between OSA group and control group with respect to TV/MV ratio was found to be highly significant at 0.05 level of significance. There was no significant correlation between BMI and TV/MV ratio in OSA group (p= 0.451) as well as in control group (p= 0.094). Conclusion: TV/MV ratio may be an appropriate variable to evaluate the risk of OSA, representing the balance between skeletal morphology and soft tissue morphology in craniofacial complex.
Plain access to justice and the orthodontist’s activity in Brazil: vulnerability in the professional practice in the face of risks of malpractice lawsuits
Authors: Guedes Cleverson Raymundo Sbarzi , Leite Isabel Cristina Gonçalves , Campos Marcio José da Silva , Mota Júnior Sergio Luiz , Phiton Matheus Melo , Vitral Robert Willer Farinazzo
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: the present study aimed at evaluating the risks and vulnerability of orthodontists to legal compensation actions and verifying the hypothesis of these health care professionals having little knowledge concerning their rights and obligations as service providers. Methods: Three groups were formed to participate in a semi-structured interview. The first group had thirteen law professionals, the second group was composed of eleven orthodontists and the third group was made up of nine randomly selected orthodontic patients. Results: Relevant aspects related to the exercise of the professional activity of orthodontists that influence on the vulnerability of orthodontists in lawsuits were identified. After transcription, reading, and comparing the answers of the interviews, items capable of influencing judicial decisions, from the standpoint of Brazilian Justice Courts, were evaluated. Conclusion: It was verified that Brazilian orthodontists do not have adequate formation concerning the legal consequences of the exercise of their professional activity. Orthodontists also failed to establish proper contractual relationship, organize orthodontic records, and, most importantly, failed in communicating the risks and the therapeutic processes to patients during all phases of treatment.
Assessment of skeletal maturity using the calcification stages of permanent mandibular teeth
Authors: Kamal Adeel Tahir , Shaikh Attiya , Fida Mubassar
Published: October 2018

Abstract Introduction: Knowledge of the growth status of patients is essential to formulate and initiate a precise treatment plan. This study aimed at determining the role of calcification of permanent mandibular teeth for the assessment of skeletal maturity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using lateral cephalograms and dental panoramic radiographs of 360 patients (ages 7-18 years) equally divided into six groups according to cervical vertebral maturation stages. Skeletal age was determined using Baccetti et al. method and dental age was calculated using Nolla and Demirjian methods. Results: Mean chronological stage at CS5 revealed a significant difference between male and female subjects (p= 0.003), which showed that the latter achieved skeletal maturity one year earlier than the former. A significant difference (p= 0.007) was found for dental age using Nolla’s stages at CS3, which showed females demonstrated a dental age of 1.4 years less than males. Mandibular canine showed the highest correlation with Demirjian index (DI) in males (rho = 0.818) and females (rho = 0.833). Mandibular second premolar showed the highest correlation with Nolla’s stages in males (rho = 0.654) and females (rho = 0.664). Conclusion: Comparisons between sexes revealed that females are skeletally and dentally advanced. The DI indicated stage F and Nolla’s stages identified stages 9, 10 to be indicative of CS2-3 for the mandibular canine and stages F and G and 9-10 for CS2-3 for the first premolars, second premolars and second molars, respectively.
PROLONGED GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX MONITORING BY IMPEDANCE-PHMETRY: A REVIEW OF THE SUBJECT PONDERED WITH OUR EXPERIENCE WITH 1,200 CASES
Authors: NASI Ary , QUEIROZ Natália Sousa Freitas , MICHELSOHN Nelson H
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Prolonged monitoring increased our knowledge on gastroesophageal reflux (GER), and the disease became known as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Prolonged reflux monitoring permits the diagnosis of GERD when endoscopic findings are not enough to characterize it. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this paper is to review the current knowledge on impedance-pH monitoring, taking into account the published literature and the authors experience with 1,200 exams. METHODS: The different types of prolonged reflux monitoring, namely: conventional pHmetry, catheter-free pHmetry and impedance-pHmetry will be briefly described. The new possibilities of evaluation with impedance-pHmetry are emphasized, namely: the study of symptomatic patients in use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs); evaluation of patients with symptoms suggestive of GERD although with normal endoscopy and normal pHmetry, diagnostic elucidation of patients with atypical symptoms or supra-esophageal symptoms, mainly chronic cough, study of patients complaining of belch, differentiating gastric and supra-gastric belching, and the proper work-up before anti-reflux surgery. RESULTS: When impedance was associated to pH monitoring, an impressive technological evolution became apparent, when compared to pH monitoring alone. The main advantages of impedance-pHmetry are: the ability to detect all types of reflux: acid, non-acid, liquid, gaseous. In addition, other important measurements can be made: the ability of the esophagus in transporting the bolus, the measurement of basal mucosal impedance and the evaluation of primary peristalsis post reflux. CONCLUSION: Impedance-pHmetry is a promising method, with great advantages over conventional pHmetry. The choice between these two types of monitoring should be very judicious. The authors suggest the importance of careful evaluation of each reflux episode by the physician responsible for the examination, necessary for the correct interpretation of the tracings.
Os outros da festa: um sobrevoo por festivais yawanawa e huni kuin
Authors: Ferreira Oliveira Aline
Published: October 2018

Resumo Este artigo reflete sobre relações dos Yawanawa e dos Huni Kuin, povos de língua pano residentes no Acre, com os nawa (“brancos”), especialmente com religiões ayahuasqueiras e movimentos (neo)xamânicos. Atualmente, algumas aldeias yawanawa e huni kuin vêm promovendo festivais, como um modo de apresentar a cultura. Como bons anfitriões, recebem com beleza e entusiasmo os nawa (“brancos”) para fazer festa e sentir a força da floresta. Analisaremos como certos modos expressivos emergem destes encontros e sobre o que são capazes de produzir em termos de novos arranjos. Consideraremos a centralidade das festas e da ayahuasca em processos inventivos da cultura, evidenciando traduções de mundos diversos, por meio de fluxos multidirecionais de entendimentos, categorias e práticas festivas e xamânicas. Acompanharemos os caminhos de usos e transformações do chá, aqui designado pelo nome local “cipó” – em suas multiplicidades ontológicas enquanto daime, uni ou nixi pae – a partir da diversidade de relações que indígenas yawanawa e huni kuin estabelecem com religiões ayahuasqueiras, especialmente com o Santo Daime.
Xamanismo e neoxamanismo no circuito do consumo ritual das medicinas da floresta
Authors: Fernandes Saulo Conde
Published: October 2018

Resumo A partir de dados construídos em alguns anos de trabalho de campo entre grupos ayahuasqueiros, assim como de um consistente estado da arte, proponho uma tentativa de classificação acerca de algumas modalidades de xamanismo/neoxamanismo no circuito do consumo ritual das substâncias psicoativas conhecidas como medicinas da floresta. Apresento o Santo Daime (religião ayahuasqueira brasileira), o xamanismo urbano (ou neoxamanismo) e o xamanismo pano (tronco linguístico que engloba diversas etnias localizadas especialmente na floresta amazônica) como modelos de xamanismos ayahuasqueiros, os quais se articulam através de redes de alianças, e organizam circuitos pelos quais circulam indivíduos, substâncias, saberes e tradições. Nesse território de experiências performáticas e (re)invenção de tradições, os agentes depositam no consumo ritual das medicinas da floresta a centralidade de suas cosmogonias.
Entre a infância e o sonho: pedagogia guna da autonomia (Panamá)
Authors: Madi Dias Diego
Published: October 2018

Resumo Este artigo discute o desenvolvimento infantil e a produção social da condição de autonomia entre os Guna (“Kuna”), povo que habita tradicionalmente o arquipélago de San Blás, na porção oriental da costa atlântica do Panamá. Meu objetivo é ressaltar o estatuto do sonho como experiência pessoal que serve de contexto ou “moldura” para a prática pedagógica. Considerando os processos de aquisição no período da infância, e passando pela discussão clássica ameríndia sobre retórica e poder, argumento que a filosofia social guna estabelece uma correlação sofisticada entre o discurso cultural dominante e sua possibilidade de fuga. Ela expressa o ideal de vida compartilhada (bulagwa iddoged, “sentir-se junto”) enquanto enfatiza a autonomia pessoal como o meio para realizá-lo. Essa ambivalência foi bem expressa por Atencio López, intelectual e ativista guna que me disse: “O mundo gira igual e diferente para todos.”
Nutrient intake and economic analysis of young bulls reared in silvopastoral systems with babassu palm trees in the Pre-Amazon region
Authors: Araújo Ricardo Alves de , Rodrigues Rosane Claudia , Costa Clésio dos Santos , Santos Francisco Naysson de Sousa , Andrade Alex Carvalho , Silva Ivone Rodrigues da , Jesus Ana Paula Ribeiro de , Cutrim Junior José Antônio Alves
Published: October 2018

SUMMARY This study evaluated the intake of dry matter (IDM), nutrients and the economic analysis of F1 young bulls from the cross between Nellore and Guzera on pastures of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu in silvopastoral systems composed of babassu palm (Attalea speciosa) and Marandu monoculture in the Pre-Amazon region of the state of Maranhão. Animals were evaluated in four systems consisting of 0, 80, 131, 160 palms ha-1, characterizing monoculture (MC), low density of palm trees (LDP), average density of palm trees (ADP) and high density of palm trees (HDP) during the rainy (RP) and dry (DP) periods. The dry matter intake, in g day-1, %BW and g kg-075 was influenced by the densities of babassu palm trees (P<0.05). In both evaluation periods, the animals kept on monoculture consumed more forage. Animals kept on HDP consumed greater amounts of CP in both periods, approximately 478.20 and 599.18 g day-1 for DP and RP, respectively. The intake of NDF was affected by periods and palm densities (P<0.05). There was a higher intake of NDF for animals kept on MC, in both periods. Of the four systems evaluated, only LDP resulted in a revenue per hectare higher than the costs, making it the only profitable system. However, in a five-year simulation, all systems resulted in an internal rate of return higher than 6,87% the rate of attractiveness, and the LDP system had the best result. All analyzed systems had a benefit/cost ratio greater than one; i.e., all are economically viable.
Use of probiotics in diets of wild-type chickens and its effects on performance
Authors: Valentim Jean Kaique , Paula Karynne Luana Chaves de , Geraldo Adriano , Miranda Diogo Alvarenga , Lemke Sara Santana Ramos , Oliveira Marllon José Karpeggiane de , Oliveira Jeferson Éder Ferreira de
Published: October 2018

SUMMARY The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of male colonial chickens fed diet supplemented with commercial probiotic (Calsporin ®). A total of 210 male chicks Label Rouge lineage were used and they were raised in experimental shed up to 30 days old. These birds had free access to the pickets of Tifton-85, from 31-90 days of age. The experimental design was completely randomized, two treatments, one containing feed supplemented with probiotic Bacillus subtillis (300 g t-1 Bacillus subtillis 1×109 UFCg-1) and another one without it, with ten replications per treatment, consisting of 21 chickens/replication. The mean of body weight (BW), weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI), feed conversion (FC), mortality and viability were evaluated. The data were submitted to variance analysis and the averages of the treatments were compared by the F-test at 5% of significance. The addition of probiotic (300 g t-1 Bacillus subtillis 1×109 UFCg-1) in the diet of Label Rouge broilers did not interfere in the MW, WG, and FC variables in the total period from 1 to 90 days (P>0.05); the MFI variable differed (P <0.05), with higher consumption in chickens receiving the diet with the probiotic. The inclusion of probiotic in the wild-type chicken ration did not improve the productive performance of poultries possibly due to a low challenge by pathogenic microorganisms in the environments in which they were raised.
Preocupações com a educação physica: o ensino de práticas corporais nas escolas fluminenses (1836 - anos 1850)
Authors: Melo Victor Andrade de
Published: October 2018

Resumo Este artigo objetiva discutir as pioneiras experiências de ensino de práticas corporais implementadas em escolas fluminenses entre 1836 e os anos 1850. Como fontes foram utilizados periódicos publicados no Rio de Janeiro. Conclui-se que os intuitos do ensino de práticas corporais eram: auxílio no processo de disciplinarização; contribuição para a saúde e a higiene dos alunos; garantia de formação ampla do educando, tendo em vista sua performance social (o forjar de uma elite nacional). Pode-se sugerir que essas experiências pioneiras já se constituíam claramente como propostas de educação do corpo, compreensíveis a partir das três dimensões sugeridas por Vigarello: modelo adequado de uso do corpo (educação do físico e seu princípio da eficácia); determinados comportamentos públicos desejáveis (educação do espírito e seu princípio da propriedade); inserção do indivíduo, de forma segura, na consolidação de coletivos (princípio da identidade).