bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Modularity Using a Random Matrix Theory Approach
Authors: Feher Kristen , Whelan James , Müller Samuel
Published: September 2011

Random matrix theory (RMT) is well suited to describing the emergent properties of systems with complex interactions amongst their constituents through their eigenvalue spectrums. Some RMT results are applied to the problem of clustering high dimensional biological data with complex dependence structure amongst the variables. It will be shown that a gene relevance or correlation network can be constructed by choosing a correlation threshold in a principled way, such that it corresponds to a block diagonal structure in the correlation matrix, if such a structure exists. The structure is then found using community detection algorithms, but with parameter choice guided by RMT predictions. The resulting clustering is compared to a variety of hierarchical clustering outputs and is found to the most generalised result, in that it captures all the features found by the other considered methods.
Profilometric and SEM analyses of composite surfaces after excess cement removal
Authors: Jevremovic Danimir , Ajdukovic Zorica , Stankovic Sasa , Radosavljevic Radivoje
Published: September 2011

Composite cements are widely used in dentistry, due to their positive
characteristics (bond strength, color, low solubility etc.). However, removal
of the cement presents one of the drawbacks of their use, since incomplete
removal might cause bacterial adhesion, gingival irritation and subsequent
inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate surface
characteristics of the composite cements after different ways of excess
removal, by means of profilometric and SEM analysis. Thirty leucite
reinforced ceramic specimens were divided into three groups, based on the
manner of excess cement removal: Group 1 (polished): excess was fully
polymerized for 40 s, then removed; Group 2 (cleaned): excess was removed
with a cotton roll, after which cement was fully polymerized for 40 s; Group
3 (pre-polymerized): excess was light cured for 5 s, after which cement
excess was broken with an instrument and then fully polymerized for 40 s.
Surface roughness was measured using a surface profilometer. Subsequently,
specimens were inspected by a scanning electron microscope. The data were
statistically analyzed. The examination of variants of average values proved
the statistically significant difference in the height of average values per
group, p<0.0001; the statistically significantly highest values were for the
pre-polymerized group, whereas the statistically significantly lowest values
were for the polished group. Results of this study show that utmost attention
has to be paid to the excess removal procedure, since surface roughness
parameters directly depend on the choice of the applied technique.
Proximal Marginal Overhang of Composite Restorations in Relation to Placement Technique of Separation Rings
Authors: Loomans Bas AC , Opdam Niek JM , Roeters F Joost M , Huysmans Marie-Charlotte DNJM
Published: September 2011

Clinical Relevance

A direct contact of the tines of the separation ring with the outer surface of the tooth to be restored will reduce the amount of flash/overhang formation.
Zirconium(IV) 4-sulphophenylethyliminobismethylphosphonate as an efficient and reusable catalyst for one-pot synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidones under solvent-free conditions
Authors: Yang Xin-Bin , Fu Xiang-Kai , Huang Yu , Zeng Ren-Quan
Published: September 2011

Zirconium(IV) 4-sulphophenylethyliminobismethylphosphonate (ZSBEDP) was prepared and characterised by elemental analysis, IR, TG-DSC, and XRD. ZSBEDP was found to be an efficient catalyst for the Biginelli reaction of aromatic aldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate, and urea or thiourea under solvent-free conditions so as to give 3,4-dihydropyrimidones in good to excellent yields. The catalyst can be separated by simple filtration and reused without significant loss of its catalytic activity.
Automatic detection and inpainting of specular reflections for colposcopic images
Authors: Meslouhi Othmane , Kardouchi Mustapha , Allali Hakim , Gadi Taoufiq , Benkaddour Yassir
Published: September 2011

Specular reflections are not wanted in images because they can really reduce the performance of image processing techniques. This is particularly true for medical images and especially for colposcopic images. There are several methods in the literature allowing to extract specular reflections, but only a few methods can perform an automatic extraction. In this paper, we propose a new method to extract and to restore specularities automatically. This method is based on Dichromatic Reflection Model (DRM) and multi-resolution inpainting technique (MIT). The DRM approach will retrieve specularities while the MIT technique re-establish colors in bright zones using local information. The proposed method achieves good results and does not need any a priori knowledge. The efficiency of this method for colposcopic images has been demonstrated through a collaboration with the oncology center of Marrakech University Hospital.
Taxonomy of DoS attacks and their countermeasures
Authors: Ramanauskaite Simona , Cenys Antanas
Published: September 2011

DoS attacks can vary in type, depending on many different criteria, as well as their countermeasures. Detailed taxonomy can help distinguish all possible types and be used for better understanding of the situation. This study reviews existing DoS attack and DoS attack countermeasure classifications and offers new classification schemes. The proposed DoS attack taxonomy has a new attack characteristic, which describes how bug exploitation can be used for DoS attack execution, as well as new possible values for resource depletion attack and the ways of agent army formation. We also clarify methods for DoS effect achievement and position them in the DoS taxonomy hierarchy. While for DoS attack countermeasure taxonomy we combine ideas from existing taxonomies and compose a three criteria hierarchy with average detailing level. All criteria and categories are described, and seven DoS attack and seven DoS attack countermeasure taxonomies are analysed to obtain their characteristics. Some research is also done to show their application capabilities.
Dissolution rate enhancement of gliclazide by ordered mixing
Authors: Saharan Vikas , Choudhury Pratim
Published: September 2011

Dissolution rate enhancement of gliclazide by ordered mixing

The poorly water soluble antidiabetic drug gliclazide was selected to study the effect of excipients on dissolution rate enhancement. Ordered mixtures of micronized gliclazide with lactose, mannitol, sorbitol, maltitol and sodium chloride were prepared by manual shaking of glass vials containing the drug and excipient(s). Different water soluble excipients, addition of surfactant and superdisintegrant, drug concentration and carrier particle size influenced the dissolution rate of the drug. Dissolution rate studies of the prepared ordered mixtures revealed an increase in drug dissolution with all water soluble excipients. The order of dissolution rate improvement for gliclazide was mannitol > lactose > maltitol > sorbitol > sodium chloride. Composite granules of the particle size range 355-710 μm were superior in increasing the drug dissolution rate from ordered mixtures. Reducing the carrier particle size decreased the dissolution rate of the drug as well as the increase in drug concentration. Kinetic modeling of drug release data fitted best the Hixson-Crowell model, which indicates that all the ordered mixture formulations followed the cube root law fairly well.
Development and evaluation of xanthan gum-facilitated ethyl cellulose microsponges for controlled percutaneous delivery of diclofenac sodium
Authors: Maiti Sabyasachi , Kaity Santanu , Ray Somasree , Sa Biswanath
Published: September 2011

Development and evaluation of xanthan gum-facilitated ethyl cellulose microsponges for controlled percutaneous delivery of diclofenac sodium

In this study, xanthan gum-facilitated ethyl cellulose microsponges were prepared by the double emulsification technique and subsequently dispersed in a carbopol gel base for controlled delivery of diclofenac sodium to the skin. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the porous, spherical nature of the microsponges. Increase in the drug/polymer ratio (0.4:1, 0.6:1, 0.8:1, m/m) increased their yield (79.1-88.5 %), drug entrapment efficiency (50.0-64.1 %), and mean particle diameter (181-255 μm). Compared to the microsponges with high drug/polymer ratio (0.8:1, m/m), the flux of entrapped drug through excised rat skin decreased by 19.9 % and 17.0 %, respectively, for the microsponges prepared at low and intermediate drug/polymer ratios. When an equivalent amount of pure drug (not entrapped into microsponges) was dispersed into the gel base and the flux was compared, the microsponges (drug/polymer ratio 0.8:1, m/m) were found to reduce the flux by 33.3 %. Whether the drug was dispersed either in un-entrapped or entrapped form into the gel base, the drug permeation through rat skin followed Higuchi's diffusion kinetic model. The microsponges prepared at the lowest drug/polymer ratio exhibited a comparatively slower drug permeation profile and were hence considered most suitable for controlled drug delivery application. FTIR spectroscopy and DSC analyses indicated the chemically stable, amorphous nature of the drug in these microsponges. The gel containing these optimized microsponges was comparable to that of a commercial gel formulation and did not show serious dermal reactions. Hence, the microsponge system obtained at the lowest drug/polymer ratio could be useful for controlled release of diclofenac sodium to the skin.
Tailoring of drug delivery of 5-fluorouracil to the colon via a mixed film coated unit system
Authors: Kumar Ruchita , Sinha Vivek
Published: September 2011

Tailoring of drug delivery of 5-fluorouracil to the colon via a mixed film coated unit system

The study was carried out to establish the effectiveness of a mixed film composed of ethylcellulose/Eudragit S100 for colonic delivery of 5-flourouracil (5-FU). Tablets cores containing 5-FU were prepared by direct compression method by coating at different levels (2-9 %, m/m) with a non-aqueous solution containing ethylcellulose/Eudragit S100. Coated tablets were studied for the in vitro release of 5-FU and the samples were analyzed spectrophotometrically at 266 nm. Drug release from coated systems depended on the thickness of the mixed film and the composition of the core. Channel formation was initiated in the coat by dissolution of the Eudragit S100 fraction at higher pH in the colonic region. The release was found to be higher in tablets containing Avicel as filler owing to its wicking action compared to that from lactose containing cores. Furthermore, batches containing superdisintegrant (1 %, m/m Cross-PVP) along with Avicel in the core released approximately 81.1 % drug during the colonic transit time. Kinetic studies indicated that all the formulations followed first-order release kinetics. The developed delivery system will expectedly deliver the drug to the colon.
Comparison and testing of GOCE global gravity models in Central Europe
Authors: Janák Juraj , Pitoňák Martin
Published: September 2011

Comparison and testing of GOCE global gravity models in Central Europe

Three different global gravity model solutions have been released by the European GOCE Gravity Consortium: a direct solution, a time-wise solution and a space-wise solution. To date, two releases of each solution have been issued. Each of these solutions has specific positives and weaknesses. This paper shows and analyzes the differences between each solution in Central Europe by means of comparison with respect to the EGM2008 and GOCO02S global gravity models. In order to make an independent comparison, the global GOCE models are tested by the SKTRF (Slovak Terrestrial Reference Frame) network in Slovakia.
Closing the 49th Parallel: An Unexplored Episode in Canadian Economic and Political History
Authors: Davies James B. , Winer Stanley L.
Published: September 2011

We draw attention to, and begin to consider the implications of, the severe restrictions on emigration by Canadians to the United States introduced under the US Immigration Act of 1965. These restrictions came into effect in 1968 and lasted until mobility began to increase to some extent under the free trade agreements in the early 1990s. This is an unusual episode in Canadian history, the implications of which for the Canadian economy and for Canadian public policy appear to have received little attention. We assemble evidence that suggests that the near closing of the border led toward uncoupling of Canadian and US labour markets and to a decrease in the elasticity of labour supply in Canada. Implications for Canadian fiscal policy of a decline in labour elasticity are then derived using a model of equilibrium fiscal structure. We show that these predictions, including heavier taxation of labour income and an increase in the overall size of the public sector, are consistent with what occurred over the two decades after the near closing of the US border, as well as with the partial reopening following the free trade agreements. The analysis continues by acknowledging additional factors that determine the structure and size of the public sector, and by considering the near closing of the border in a broader historical context. We conclude with a prediction about the future course of Canada-US migration policy that follows from our analysis.
Burney, Ovid, and the Value of the Beautiful
Authors: Starr G. Gabrielle
Published: September 2011

Frances Burney revises Ovidian genres and Ovidian metamorphosis in Evelina and The Wanderer. Using Ovid, she models a complex understanding of aesthetics that weighs the relation of cruelty, laughter, and negative emotions to aesthetic pleasure, and she explores the material significance of aesthetic experience. In the model that Burney adapts from Ovid, value always implies desire: desire creates value, then transforms it in ways that are not always predictable. Aesthetic values, objects, judgments, and the communities that underwrite those judgments are subject to fundamental, mutual transformation, and this changeability is the hallmark of aesthetic experience in Burney.
Redefining the Miraculous: al-Ghazālī, Ibn Rushd and Said Nursi on Qur'anic Miracle Stories
Authors: Yazicioglu Isra
Published: September 2011

Miracle stories in sacred texts have been a source of both fascination and heated debate across religious traditions. Qur'anic miracle stories are especially interesting because they are part of a discourse that also de-emphasises the miraculous. By looking at how three scholars have engaged with Qur'anic miracle stories, I here investigate how these narratives have been interpreted in diverse and fruitful ways. The first part of the article analyses how two medieval scholars, al-Ghazālī (d. 505/1111) and Ibn Rushd (d. 595/1198), engaged with the implications of miracle stories. Taking his cue from miracle stories, al-Ghazālī offered a sophisticated critique of natural determinism and suggested that the natural order should be perceived as a constantly renewed divine gift. In contrast, Ibn Rushd dismissed al-Ghazālī’s critique as sophistry and maintained that accepting the possibility that the natural order might be suspended was an affront to human knowledge and science. In the second part, I turn to Bediuzzaman Said Nursi (1870–1960), whose interpretation offers a crystallisation of al-Ghazālī’s insights as well as, surprisingly, an indirect confirmation of Ibn Rushd's concerns about human knowledge and science. Nursi redefines the miraculous in light of miracle stories, and interprets them as reminders of ‘everyday miracles’ and as encouragements to improve science and technology in God's name.
Pratiques d'accompagnement des demandeurs d'emploi. L'apport de la sociologie du langage
Authors: Glady Marc
Published: September 2011

Dans un contexte de développement de travaux sociologiques portant sur l’accompagnement des demandeurs d’emploi, ce texte examine les spécificités d’une construction de l’objet à partir de la sociologie du langage. En tant qu’elle incorpore une technologie de description des matériaux recueillis, celle-ci s’offre à alimenter le « récit » des sociologues sur la base d’une analyse des caractéristiques formelles des objets langagiers. L’article met en évidence quelques propriétés structurelles de ces objets, notamment?: l’ancrage de catégories socio-techniques inscri-tes dans une dialogie professionnelle permettant le déploiement du discours sur la pratique, la pluriaccentuation de ces catégories, l’élaboration de rapports de place autour de la distribution actantielle, les ruptures énonciatives dans la description de la pratique, l’organisation spatio-temporelle des mondes vécus, l’explicitation signifiante de l’implicite attaché à une négation... Ces propriétés autorisent des couplages interprétatifs relevant d’ontologies distinctes dont le texte donne des exemples. Ces couplages, qui dévoilent une pluralité d’existence des objets langagiers, questionnent en même temps la performativité plurielle de l’interprétation sociologique. La sociologie du langage est à la fois une sociologie des pratiques et une sociologie de la con-naissance.
The influence of urban form on spatial costs
Authors: Wenban-Smith Hugh B.
Published: September 2011

Résumé Il est généralement supposé que les coûts du trajet quotidien domicile-travail (le commuting ) augmentent en fonction de la taille de l’agglomération. De même, on peut supposer que d’autres coûts, comme ceux de la distribution d’eau ou d’énergie, ou les coûts d’accès aux écoles et aux hôpitaux, auraient la même tendance. Cependant, le résultat de base pour le commuting trouve son origine dans un modèle dans lequel la densité de la population est uniforme jusqu’aux confins de la ville et où les navetteurs se déplacent radialement au centre. Il est plus vraisemblable que la densité diminue à mesure que l’on s’éloigne du centre, comme dans le modèle urbain monocentrique standard, et que des économies d’échelles apparaissent pour le commuting (par exemple dans l’utilisation des autobus et des métros) ainsi pour la distribution d’eau (avec, par exemple, le recours à des conduites plus larges). L’objectif de cet article et d’explorer les résultats de tels facteurs pour les coûts spatiaux, avec l’utilisation de données sur les coûts de distribution de l’eau dans 35 districts urbains dans la zone desservie par une des compagnies d’eau d’Angleterre et du Pays de Galles. Les élasticités de coût de distribution sont quantifiées pour deux scénarios de développement urbain opposés. Ces analyses confirment que, en cas de Suburbanisation (développement des banlieues) les coûts moyens augmentent avec l’importance de l’agglomération, mais que dans le cas de Densification , ces coûts diminuent en fonction de la taille de la ville. On considère également l’interaction avec les coûts de production de l’eau. Dans le cas de Densification , les économies d’échelles dans la production sont renforcées par les économies de densité dans la distribution. Par contre, dans la Suburbanisation , elles sont compensées par les dés-économies de distribution, c’est à dire les coûts spatiaux plus élevés. Une dernière partie met ces résultats en relation avec la littérature sur les coûts du commuting , l’agglomération urbaine et son extension (le sprawl ). Il en résulte que l’urbanisation à haute densité pourrait réduire les coûts moyens, et dans la distribution (ainsi que dans le commuting ), et dans la production. Ces deux facteurs favorisent donc l’agglomération. Il en découle que les modélisateurs de l’espace urbain devraient se méfier de l’hypothèse que les coûts du commuting (et d’autres coûts spatiaux) augmentent toujours avec l’importance de la ville. Classification JEL : R12, R32, D24, L95.
Les réponses du Kenya aux défis sécuritaires somaliens
Authors: Gobillard Julie
Published: September 2011

Résumé Le Kenya doit faire face à la double menace que représente son voisin somalien : le terrorisme et la piraterie. À la relative fragilité de son économie, qui pourrait s’accroître si les voies maritimes tardent à se sécuriser s’ajoutent désormais les difficultés liées à l’affluence des réfugiés somaliens à la frontière et dans la capitale kenyane. Leur situation entraîne un bouleversement d’ordre social et économique et contribue à dégrader les rapports politiques entre les deux pays. Enfin, la recrudescence des attaques et menaces terroristes liées au groupe armée somalien Al-Shabab sur le sol kenyan accentue cette déstabilisation générale. Afin de relever ces défis avant tout sécuritaires, le Kenya a mis en place une nouvelle approche stratégique de la question somalienne, en redéfinissant le cadre de ses relations avec les partenaires internationaux, un choix dont la pertinence est discutée.
Habitabilidad, un concepto en crisis. Sobre su redefinición orientada hacia la sostenibilidad
Authors: Casals-Tres M. , Arcas-Abella J. , Pagès-Ramon A.
Published: September 2011

La inaplazable respuesta a la crisis ambiental provocada por el sistema productivo industrial, supone el primer y mayor reto que debe afrontar el sector de la edificación, pues conllevará transformaciones profundas en sus objetivos y en sus procedimientos de actuación.
La consecución de la condición de edificación sostenible se aborda en el presente artículo a partir de la aproximación a una redefinición de la misma utilidad social que debe procurar el sector: la habitabilidad. En primer lugar, se analiza la concepción normativa actual y se detectan las barreras que opone frente a las demandas de sostenibilidad. En segundo lugar se exploran alternativas disponibles en el mismo contexto legislativo español que permiten adecuarlo al nuevo paradigma ambiental.
En último término, el artículo también presenta los cambios que la redefinición del concepto de habitabilidad conlleva en la misma dinámica de sector y, concretamente, en la rehabilitación del parque construido.
Un procedimiento y una herramienta de ayuda a la decisión para desarrollar estrategias de rehabilitación energética sostenibles para la Directiva Europea (EPBD) 2010
Authors: Charlot-Valdieu C. , Outrequin P.
Published: September 2011

La directiva europea de 2010 sobre eficiencia energética en los edificios exige un análisis económico y social con el objetivo de preservar la equidad social, promover la innovación y reforzar la productividad en la construcción.
Esto es posible con el análisis del coste global ampliado y especialmente con el modelo SEC. El análisis “bottom up” realizado con la SEC se basa en una tipología de edificio/usuario y en el análisis de edificios representativos: la identificación del óptimo técnico-económico y elaboración de escenarios antes de hacer una extrapolación al conjunto del parque.
SEC es una herramienta de ayuda a la decisión para desarrollar estrategias territoriales o patrimoniales de rehabilitación energética. Existen diversas versiones del modelo: para edificios residenciales (unifamiliares y plurifamiliares, públicos y privados) y para edificios terciarios.
Cubiertas planas fitodepuradoras. Propuesta de gestión de aguas grises en altura
Authors: Gómez-González A. , Chanampa M. , Morgado I. , Acha C. , Bedoya C. , Neila J.
Published: September 2011

El trabajo se presenta con el objetivo de evaluar los beneficios de la incorporación de nuevas estrategias de gestión de agua en el medio urbano. Para ello se han tenido en cuenta los condicionantes urbanos y los hábitos de consumo de agua en las ciudades españolas de tamaño medio. A través del aprovechamiento de las amplias superficies de cubierta plana existente en las áreas de media densidad, se plantea la incorporación de sistemas industrializados de fitodepuración, que permitan tanto la reducción del consumo de agua potable, como la disminución del volumen vertido a las redes de saneamiento. Los resultados de la investigación demuestran que el consumo de agua potable en usos que no lo requieren representa más del 30% del volumen total utilizado en usos domésticos, por un ciudadano medio. Mediante la aplicación de la propuesta planteada, es posible alcanzar ahorros de hasta el 59% respecto al modelo actual.
Rehabilitación de edificios bajo objetivos de reducción de impacto ambiental: un caso piloto de vivienda plurifamiliar en el área de Playa de Palma, Mallorca
Authors: Wadel G. , López F. , Sagrera A. , Prieto J.
Published: September 2011

Este artículo resume el estudio Experiencia piloto para la reducción del impacto ambiental: evaluación y asesoramiento a la rehabilitación sostenible de un edificio de viviendas existente en Playa de Palma realizado para el Consorci de Platja de Palma. Se explica a través de qué medidas es posible reducir en un 50% o más los impactos ambientales del edificio como producto de su futura rehabilitación y posterior gestión respecto tanto de su situación actual como de los estándares de rehabilitación al uso en edificios de vivienda. Asimismo, se incluye también una aproximación a las reducciones de emisiones de CO2 que se consiguen en el ciclo de vida del edificio y a los costes previstos para las distintas actuaciones del modelo de rehabilitación que el citado consorcio propone para las operaciones de rehabilitación a llevarse adelante en Playa de Palma.
La politique scientifique à Dresde
Authors: Plassmeyer Peter
Published: September 2011

En 1682, le savant saxon Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus (1651-1708) devient le premier Allemand à être admis à l’Académie royale des sciences. D’abord connu comme mathématicien, Tschirnhaus se fait un nom par ses expériences sur les miroirs et lentilles ardentes de très grande taille ainsi que par la fabrication de lentilles de verre. Ses travaux aboutiront à l’invention de la recette de la porcelaine européenne. Ses miroirs et lentilles ardentes se feront une place dans les laboratoires et les cours de toute l’Europe. Le duc d’Orléans et Lavoisier s’en serviront. Tschirnhaus se crée un impressionnant réseau dans la communauté scientifique. Il correspond avec de nombreux savants à travers l’Europe, rencontre Spinoza à Amsterdam, Kircher à Rome, Boyle et Oldenburg à Londres. À Paris, il fréquente Huygens, Leibniz et Colbert, qui l’engage comme précepteur pour ses enfants. Sa vie met en lumière l’évolution des pratiques de la science à la fin du xviie siècle, leurs objectifs communs et leurs particularismes ainsi que les différentes façons d’organiser et d’institutionnaliser le savoir, comme en témoignent les Académies royales de Paris et de Londres. Tschirnhaus voulut mettre à profit son expérience accumulée en Angleterre et en France en créant une Académie des sciences en Allemagne, d’abord sur les terres de son père, près de Görlitz, puis à la cour de Dresde. Il espérait ainsi s’assurer un revenu suffisant pour pouvoir se consacrer à ses recherches en toute indépendance financière.
Research on the Integrated Ultrasound and Eddy Automatic Inspection System of Seamless Steel Pipe
Authors: Shang Liang Hui , Zhou Xiao Jun , Wu Si Yuan , Yang Chen Long
Published: September 2011

The existed semi-automatic ultrasound eddy current testing system is difficult to adapt to the situation of seamless steel tube detection requirements at present. This paper puts forward an ultrasonic eddy current synchronous auto-detection system. The principle of ultrasonic eddy current testing tube and the design of the ultrasonic eddy current probe frame are introduced. Software system uses ultrasonic and eddy current imaging at the same time, and ultrasonic testing’s results can be displayed by A+B+C combination imaging. The quasi three-dimensional imaging system can offer more convenient methods to detect personnel. Experimental results verify the feasibility of the system.
The Product Symbol Study Based on Image
Authors: Guo Min Ying , Chen Li Na
Published: September 2011

Image can invoke people’s association with the past scene and experience, so products blending with images can resonate with the users and convey correctly the product information and ideas. The analysis of the signan and designatum function of the product symbols indicates the corresponding relationship of the image and the product symbol and shows the direction for injecting images into the products. This paper, in terms of acquiring image information accurately and getting the explicature features and studying them, puts forward the design methods. The design methods include the image description model and product form design process, which have instilled new ideas into the product symbol design regarding the image.
Structure and Support of Ecological Chain in Manufacturing Industry Based on Green Re-Manufacturing
Authors: Cheng Xiao Min , Zhao Zhong , Ye Zi Qing
Published: September 2011

The shortage of resources and environmental pollution are serious problems that we are facing currently. To form a Green re-manufacturing industry chain, we need to build a running mode of “1+X”. “1” means to establish a Green re-manufacturing industry chain, and energetically develop the green development model, which is a re-manufacturing technology based on “symbiosis coupling and extending the industrial chain link”. It also means to achieve green circulation of multi-life cycles, initially set up logistics alliances of re-manufacturing, make maximum use of resources, and reduce the environmental pollution as well. “X” means relevant safeguard mechanisms, which refers to technology, system, supervision, incentive, and so on.
Workflow Optimization of Raster Image Processor for Digital Press
Authors: Duan Hua Wei , Chen Guang Xue
Published: September 2011

Raster image processor is decisive in modern digital printing machines. Three random number generators were examined for their applicabilities to raster image processor. Results show that random number generator should be carefully selected in terms of the screen cell size adopted: linear congruential generator (LCG) is the best for the screen cell size of 8 × 8 or 16 × 16; multiplicative congruential generator (MCG) is most desirable when the screen cell size equals to 6 × 6 or 12 × 12; in the case of 24 × 24 screen cell size, either LCG or MCG is optimum. The workflow of raster image processor was optimized according to our results. These findings are helpful to improve the performance of digital press that is equipped with raster image processor.
Theoretical Analysis of First Sealing of Elliptical Can
Authors: Zhang Guang Wen , Cheng Xiao Guo
Published: September 2011

The force generated in and required for the sealing process of the first seal of elliptical cans was analyzed based on the energy conservation theory, corresponding formulas describing the sealing-force were derived, and the factors affecting the sealing-force were discussed. This provides a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of the roller curve as well as for further study and calculation of forces in the sealing process of various abnormally shaped cans.
Design of Ultrasound Infrared Compound Distance Measurement System Based on LabVIEW
Authors: Yang Ji Hong , Zhu Shu Guang , Zhang Yu Ling , Liu Tie Jun , Jiang Yan Qing
Published: September 2011

In order to meet the mobile robot’s accuracy and speed requirements in processing obstacle information based on the study of the principle of ultrasonic and infrared distance measurement, the ultrasonic infrared measurements system is designed using Mega16L microcontroller. The hardware of the system, data fusion and software components were studied. Bayes estimation for the data fusion, which can greatly improve the measurement accuracy, was used. The human-computer interface and back panel algorithm were developed with the development language of LabVIEW. Experimental results show that the measurement error of the combined measurement system is in ± 1mm between 0 ~ 300cm, which can meet the design requirements and flexible operation.
Design of Electronic Control System for Roller Machine
Authors: Jia Yu Jing , Cheng Yuan Bo
Published: September 2011

This paper introduces a roller processing machine. Base on design project specifications, mechanical structure, processing requirement and hydraulic system principle were discussed. Actuator, hydraulic system, electric control system and PC control programs were designed. The programmable controller was designed for industry control. It is reliable and anti-jamming for the control system. According to the logic relation of processing request, programmable controller was chosen. The processing cycle technology was analyzed. Programmable logic controller was applied to instead the traditional relay control system. General power head and feed mechanism were selected for roller processing machine. The designed system has features of simple structure, short time processing, high efficiency, easy operation, adaptable and convenient on changing the programs.
Design of Computer Measurement and Control System for Electro-Hydraulic Stepping Cylinder
Authors: Zhou Sheng Hao , Cao Jun Kai , Song Jin Chun
Published: September 2011

To meet the requirements of measurement and control system for common servo-cylinder and considering the characteristics of electro-hydraulic stepping cylinder, a computer measurement and control system is designed. In this paper, the working principle of hydraulic system, the structure of electrical system, the process of measurements and the functions of testing software based on LabVIEW are introduced.
Effect of Compression Speed on Static Compression Properties of Foams
Authors: Xu Shu Yan , Shi Lei , Chen Chun Sheng , Liu Bing , Zhang Qun Li
Published: September 2011

Expandable polystyrene and expandable polyethylene foams are frequently used in packaging of products. The study on their cushioning properties is important for the design of the transport package. The effect of compression speed and multiple reloading on the cushioning properties of HDEPS, LDEPS and HDEPE was studied in this paper. The results indicate that the cushioning properties of HDEPS and LDEPS are affected obviously by the compression speed, but the change of the cushioning properties for LDEPE was unconspicuous with the compression speed. LDEPE appeared obvious fatigue after twice reloads.
Study on Shock Response of Cushion Packaging System Based on Combined Model Using Hyperbolic Tangent and Tangent Functions with Consideration of Rotation Effect
Authors: Gao De , Lu Fu De
Published: September 2011

This paper proposes to model cushioning materials by combining hyperbolic tangent function and tangent function together. Based on the proposed model, the kinetics equations for cushion packaging system under excitation of half-sine acceleration pulse shock have been derived, where the rotation due to product’s eccentricity in center of mass has been taken into account. The law for coupling between rotation and translation is discussed. Numerical analysis shows that it may lead to a certain degree’s excessive packaging and thus causes waste if the rotation effect is not considered in design. The proposed model and the established kinetics equations with consideration of coupling between translation and rotation provide much better description regarding the characteristics of practical cushion packaging systems, and thus can be taken as reference in design optimization for packaging structure. The proposed approach can also be directly applied in analyzing the shock responses of packaging systems with multiple degrees of freedom.
Application of Chebyshev Series to Solution of Cable Vibration Problems
Authors: Liu Zhi Jun , Rui Xiao Ting , Abbas Laith K.
Published: September 2011

In order to obtain simple formulae of cable dynamic behavior for numerical computation, the Chebyshev series method for the free vibration analysis of a cable considering boundary condition and flexural stiffness is utilized. The differential eigenvalue problem is reduced to an algebraic system which gives approximate eigenfrequencies and mode shape functions for a cable. These simple and approximate formulae are of value in the analysis of cable dynamic response and may be proved useful in the design of cable structures. The proposed approach is applicable to a wide range of cables.
Design and Analysis of a Novel Magnetorheometer
Authors: Ren Zhi Sheng , Zheng Di , Hu Li Yong , Huang Chao Bing
Published: September 2011

Rheology is an important property of MRF (Magnetorheological fluids) and an important basis for designing a MRF device. For researchers and engineers, therefore, a practical and reliable magnetorheometer is certainly required for the study and application of the MRF and its devices. In this paper, the principle of a novel magnetorheometer was introduced, the structure and the function of major components were explained, the test process for the rheological property of the MRF by using this magnetorheometer was illustrated, the distribution of the electromagnetic field in the gap, where the MRF is filled, was analyzed by means of ANSYS software tools, and experiments were conducted to ascertain the validity of the magnetorheometer.
A Study on the Construction Method of Product Image of the Brand Enterprises
Authors: Shen Fa , Huo Fa Ren
Published: September 2011

Combined with the current product image research status and development trend, based on the conception and relationship of the enterprise image and product image, we propose a method which is from different product image differentiation and the product image consistency to construct product image system and realize the consistency of the corporate brand image and product image expression.
Analysis of Pressure-Changed Effect on Leakage in Pressure Decay Leak Detection
Authors: Zeng Cheng Zhou , Lin Zuan , Chen Jun Hua , Shen Meng Hong
Published: September 2011

The method of pressure decay leak detection measures leakage by detecting interior pressure change of tested tank. As pressure change of tested tank affects leak rate, there is a certain deviation between tested leakage and actual leakage under constant pressure. Currently, all of the international leakage standards are developed under constant pressure conditions, therefore, this leakage deviation is mainly concerned in leak detection. In this paper, a deviation calculated model between tested leakage and actual leakage under constant pressure was developed. And the experimental results showed a good agreement with the model simulation date.
Analysis of Vibration Characteristics of Magnetorheological Elastomer Sandwich Beam under Non-Homogeneous Magnetic Field
Authors: Hu Guo Liang , Guo Miao , Li Wei Hua
Published: September 2011

In this study, the MRE was manufactured, and the sandwich beam was also fabricated by treating with MRE between two thin aluminum layers. The experiment test rig was set up to investigate the vibration response of the MRE sandwich beam under non-homogeneous magnetic field. The experimental results show that the MRE sandwich beam had the capabilities of left shifting first natural frequency when the magnetic field was increased in the activated regions. It is also obvious that the first natural frequency of the MRE sandwich beam decreased as the magnetic field that applied on the beam was moved from the clamped end of the beam to the free end of the beam.
Research and Practice of Personnel Training Scheme for High Vocational Industrial Design Professionals (Engineering Subjects)
Authors: Wang Li Xia , Wang Lin , He Shu Qian
Published: September 2011

Personnel training of higher vocational industrial design for engineering class will be positioned on designing both the product exterior appearance and the interior structure. Moreover, with the method of computer-aided design and modeling, product design process from design ideas to the real product was completed for training highly skilled application-oriented talents. The designing idea of personnel training scheme is first to identify positions and tasks set by the positions, then to study the required knowledge set by the tasks, and ultimately to make specific teaching content scheme. Curriculum planning adopted the enterprise project mode could realize zero distance links with enterprise.
Registration of Point Clouds Based on Differential Geometry of Surface’s Feature
Authors: Zhang Xue Сhang , Gao Xue Jun
Published: September 2011

A method for accurate registration on point clouds is presented in the paper. Manual alignment or the use of landmarks is avoided in the process of multi-view point clouds. Firstly, the differential geometric information is extracted from the point clouds. The extended Gaussian sphere and combination features are used to define the corresponding points of crude alignment. Secondly, the optimal algorithm，the point-to-point Iterated Closest Point, is applied to the accurate registration on point clouds. Thus, the complete point cloud can be obtained in the method.
User-Oriented Furniture Design: Lovers’ Furniture Design
Authors: Huang Yan Li , Zeng Wen Lin , Song Guo Dong
Published: September 2011

As a unique aspect of the furniture design, the lovers’ furniture design which features and value are different from other furniture design is analyzed deeply. Through investigation on the demands and expressing methods of love, “expressing emotion by materials” is a conventional way of passing and expressing love to other people. The application of material on the design of lovers’ furniture is discussed based on a detailed introduction on the history state, classification, characteristics and design principles of the lovers’ furniture.
Vibration Characteristics of Elastic Disc Brake Pad Device
Authors: Zhang Ji Min , Yang Kuan
Published: September 2011

A new elastic disc brake pad device is designed. A mathematical model on railway vehicle elastic disc brake is established compared with the non-elastic brake pad by uni-wheel set braking simulation. The simulation results show that the elastic brake pad could guarantee the vehicle braking performance as same as the non-elastic brake pad. When the friction surface of the brake disc or pad has defects, the elastic brake pad can effectively reduce the vibration of the friction force between the brake pad and the brake disc. It has been proved that the correctness and rationality of the design. A new idea for the design and analysis of the disc brake system is provides.
Dynamic Analysis of Large Steel Structure Truss System
Authors: Wu Chu Qun , Wang Fan , Wang Shao Yong
Published: September 2011

The deformation of the large steel structure truss system, which was subjected to constant loads, variable loads and wind loads, was calculated by using the 3D3S steel structure analysis program. The periods and the vibration mode from the first to the ninth order of the structure were obtained by the earthquake vibration mode period analysis. The dynamic computation of the structure showed that the period difference of the vibration modes is small. The frequencies and the modes of vibration from the first to the ninth order of the same structure mode were calculated by using the ANSYS finite element program. The frequencies and the modes of vibration from the first to the ninth order of the building were obtained by the dynamic analysis of the structure. The dynamic computation of the structure shows that the frequencies difference of the vibration modes is small. The vibration instability is possible for the structure.
Numerical Model of Natural River Flow by Unstructure Space-Time SE-CE Method
Authors: Miao Ji Lun , Fei Xiao Xin , Huang Cheng Lin
Published: September 2011

A new horizontal two-dimensional mathematic scheme namely space-time Conservation Element and Solution Element (CE-SE) is introduced in this paper. The CE-SE method has some features which space and time are unified and treated on the same footing, both local and global flux are enforced conservation. The proposed model is applied to solve the 2-D shallow water equations in the triangular mesh, and tested by using the field data in Yangzi River. It shows that the hydraulics characters in natural rivers which are with complex boundaries and topography can be well simulated by using this new method.
Optimal Design of Configuration Change Program for Tactical Missile with Morphing Wings
Authors: Zhang Gong Ping , Liao Zhi Zhong , Duan Chao Yang , Wang Peng Ju
Published: September 2011

The flight Performance of missile can be improved by adaptive morphing wing serving as main lift surface. A novel compounded morphing missile, a complicated nonlinear and non-analytical multivariable constrained optimization problem, is modeled to design adaptive program of the wing geometry versus flight states. Based on reformed optimal algorithms such as Monte Carlo and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), a set of integrated approach is developed to optimize the shape change program of wings by interactively reading and writing data files from missile DATCOM. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithms can be used to obtain an optimal missile configuration over large flight envelope, characterized by maximal lift-to-drag ratio and a required normal overload.
Application of Finite Element Method for Reinforced Concrete Ribbed Arch Aqueduct Structure Analysis
Authors: Xie Wei
Published: September 2011

Reinforced concrete ribbed arch aqueduct’s bent is arranged symmetrically on the main arch, load which is transferred from bent to main arch is more homogenous. It can improve force conditions of main arch, and aqueduct is arranged on the bent. That also has the function of longitudinal beam. This paper adopts finite element method to carry out force analysis for Guanping reinforced concrete ribbed arch aqueduct, considering aqueduct weight, water pressure and earthquake effect, etc. researching stress and deformation distribution law of reinforced concrete ribbed arch aqueduct.
Study on Joint Load Bearing of Steel Spiral Case and Surrounding Concrete
Authors: Ma Wen Liang , Chen Wei Xing
Published: September 2011

Spiral case are important diversion parts of reaction type wheel, this paper adopts finite element method to carry out simulation analysis for spiral case structure of Shuikou hydropower station. Considering five calculation schemes in analysis, under different thickness and materials of cushion, researching stress and deformation distribution law of steel spiral case and surrounding concrete. Analyzing bearing ratio of steel spiral case and surrounding concrete, Research results provides reliable reference for design and construction of steel spiral case.
Numerical Simulation of Lost Foam Casting in Special-Shaped Stainless Steel Stirrer
Authors: Chen Zhi Lan , Yang Ren Wei
Published: September 2011

The filling process, solidification process, gasification process and node temperature change of special-shaped stainless steel stirrer via lost foam casting was simulated and analyzed by using ProCAST numerical simulation techniques. The results show that the filling and foam gasification process of stainless steel stirrer casting is a top-down, from the middle layers of outward promotion process. In the filling process, foam pattern gasification and decomposition appeared to be exacerbated by heat transfer in the whole casting. Through the node temperature change over time, it can be conformed to the principles of the order of solidification in the entire stirrer casting solidification process.
Research of the Auxiliary Decision System of the Design of the Product Color Based on the Kansei Engineering
Authors: Zhang Yu Hong , Wang Zu Yao , Jiang Ming Mei
Published: September 2011

The main factors that influence product color design include the regional environmental and cultural differences that lead to people’s color preference, the tendency of popular colors as well as the symbolization of colors. The auxiliary decision system of the product color design, which is based on kansei engineering, is mainly investigated with the quantitative methodology. The variation of the preference of regional color, especially the tracking of popular color image for the public is recorded. Moreover, combined with qualitative research analysis, setting up a continuous color design auxiliary system can assist designers to coordinate the relationship of the three factors and deploy the color design job. This essay takes the color research of the cupboard as an example to explore the establishment and application of this auxiliary system.