bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HÁBITOS ALIMENTARIOS DE Mustelus lunulatus y M. henlei (PISCES: TRIAKIDAE) COLECTADOS EN EL PARQUE NACIONAL NATURAL GORGONA, PACÍFICO COLOMBIANO
Authors: Gómez Giovany O. , Zapata Luis A. , Franke A. Rebeca , Ramos Gabriel E.
Published: October 2017

From June 1988 to July 1992, non-continuous samples of two species of cartilaginous fish of the family Triakidae were taken in the National Natural Park Gorgona. Stomach contents of 139 individuals of Mustelus lunulatus and 51 individuals of M. henlei were analyzed. These species predate on crustaceans (93,06%), mainly Portunus iridiscens, Squilla panamensis and Hipoconcha panamensis, secondly on mollusks of the family Loliginidae (4,32%) and fishes (2,28%) in a smaller proportion; the remaining 0,34% corresponded to digested material. Nematodes and isopods were found in the stomach contents of these fishes, but we considered them as accidentals and were not included in the analysis.
PHYTOPLANKTON COMPOSITION IN COASTAL LAGOONS OF DIFFERENT TROPHIC STATUS IN NORTHERN COLOMBIA DETERMINED BY MICROSCOPE AND HPLC-PIGMENT ANALYSIS
Authors: Gocke Klaus , Meyerhöfer Michael , Mancera Pineda José Ernesto , Vidal Luis Alfonso
Published: October 2017

The regional differences in the composition of the phytoplankton assemblages in several coastal lagoons of the “Outer Delta of the Río Magdalena” (Caribbean coast of Colombia) were determined using microscopic counting and HPLC-pigment measurements. The study sites can be classified as 1) a group of limnic lagoons with relatively low (5.5-19 μg/l) chlorophyll a (chl a) concentrations and high inorganic suspension loading, 2) a group of brackish lagoons with high (62-90 μg/l) chl a concentrations and high amounts of organic seston, (two further lagoons form a transition between group 1 and 2, and 3) a fully marine Caribbean bay with very low (0.3 μg/l) chl a and seston concentrations. The regional variations in salinity of the lagoons are due to inflow of water from the Río Magdalena or to inflow of Caribbean Sea water. All lagoons are very shallow (less than 2 m) with small Secchi depths (20 to 30 cm). With the exception of the eutrophic brackish lagoons, where both methods indicated cyanobacteria to be the prevalent algal group, great discrepancies were encountered in all other study sites between the compositions of the algal communities obtained with both approaches. According to the microscopic analysis the phytoplankton of the marine Caribbean bay and the limnic and transient coastal lagoons consisted mainly (in several cases exclusively) of diatoms. The pigment analysis, on the other hand, indicated that cyanobacteria were the dominant algal group in all coastal lagoons, their percentage increased from the limnic over the transient to the brackish lagoons. Fractionated filtration of 14C-labelled phytoplankton revealed that algae of <5μm size in the coastal lagoons contributed 32-88% of the total radioactivity and that algae of >20μm size played only an insignificant role in primary production. Only in the Caribbean bay 14% of the 14CO2 was taken up by organisms >20μm. We assume that the small forms are greatly underrepresented in microscopic observations due to extreme difficulties in identification and counting caused by detritus and/or sediment loadings of the samples. We therefore believe that these small forms (probably mostly picoplanktonic cyanobacteria) are better represented by pigment analysis.
DIET COMPOSITION OF PELLONA HARROWERI (FOWLER) (PISCES: PRISTIGASTERIDAE) IN THE GUAJIRA PENINSULA, COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN COAST
Authors: Criales Hernández Maria Isabel
Published: October 2017

This study provides quantitative information on digestive tract content of Pellona harroweri caught on the Guajira shelf at a depth of 20 m. Preferential prey are crustaceans, mainly copepos and luciferids.
ANÁLISIS DEL CRECIMIENTO Y LA MORTALIDAD DE ANISOTREMUS INTERRUPTUS (GILL) (PERCIFORMES: HAEMULIDAE) EN LA COSTA DE COLIMA, MÉXICO
Authors: Espino Barr Elaine , Gallardo Cabello Manuel , González Orozco Fernando , Garcia Boa Arturo
Published: October 2017

This paper deals with the growth and mortality analysis of the burrito grunt A n i s o t remus interru p t u s on the coast of Colima, México. The estimated growth parameters are: L¥ = 50.59 cm; W¥ = 5,051.04 g; k = 0.147 years- 1; to = -0.916 years; A0 . 9 5 = 19.46 years. Most of the growth occurred during the first year of life, when the grunt grows 12.52 cm, the second year it grows 4.95 cm and the third, 4.60 cm. The highest value of the condition index took place between February and September. The total mortality rate (Z) was calculated as 0.53 years- 1. These values are basic for the plan of administration of the fishery of this species.
CARACTERIZACIÓN DE PLAYAS DE ANIDACIÓN Y ZONAS DE ALIMENTACIÓN DE TO RTUGAS MARINAS EN EL ARCHIPIÉLAGO DE SAN BERNARDO, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Rincón Díaz Martha Patricia , Rodríguez Zárate Clara Jimena
Published: October 2017

The San Bernardo Archipelago, in the Colombian Caribbean zone, is well recognized for being a sporadic nesting and feeding area for the green, hawksbill and loggerhead turtles. Due to the fact that the San Bernardo Archipelago has outstanding coral areas, marine grasses and sandy beaches and their environmental offers for the marine turtles have not been described yet, it was opportune to carry out this study between July and October of 2002. Thus, this research tends to fill this gap by describing the nesting beaches and feeding areas according to their geomorphologic and biotic aspects and, for the later areas, some oceanographic aspects too. Seven potential nesting beaches and 20 stations on feeding areas were evaluated to identify natural and anthropogenic threats that could affect sea turtles and their habitats. The only species that still nests on these islands is the hawksbill turtle, but its nesting areas are being reduced because of erosion and constructions on the beach. The remaining nesting places observed during the 2002 season were on the southeastern side of Palma island and on the northern side of Tintipán island. In the feeding areas, the majority of stations (n=14) have marine grass with predominance of soft bottom. From these characterizations in the feeding areas, nine sponges and two seaweeds species were described as index species hawksbill turtles feed on. In order to gather information about the marine turtles diet components, five stomach contents of hawskbill turtle and six of green turtle were analyzed. They showed that the sponges Eicionemia sp. and Geodia sp. are the principal diet components (96% dry weight) in the hawksbill turtle diet. In the case of the green turtle, Thalassia testudinum a n d Syringodium  filiforme grasses were identified as index species (98% dry weight); they were the most common during the field observations. The principal threat for sea turtles was the direct capture of adults and juveniles in feeding areas, for what efforts should be directed to reduce the number of poached individuals, to determine the intervention degree and the possible solutions.
CARACTERÍSTICAS ESTRUCTURALES Y FUNCIONALES DEL MANGLAR DE AVICENNIA GERMINANS EN LA BAHÍA DE CHENGUE (CARIBE COLOMBIANO)
Authors: Rodríguez Ramírez Alberto , Nivia Ruíz Jaime , Garzón Ferreira Jaime
Published: October 2017

Within the framework of the CARICOMP(Caribbean Coastal Marine Productivity) monitoring program, a study of the Avicennia germinans mangrove formation of Chengue bay (Tayrona Natural Park, Colombia) was performed between June 1995 and July 1996, based on the evaluation of structural and functional characteristics at three monitoring plots (10 x 10 m). The structure of the studied formation is coincident with that of fringing forests of the Caribbean region in having small trees (dbh=11.3 cm, total height=6.3 m) and high densities (16.3 trunks/0.01 ha). During the monitored period there was a low mortality rate (0.7 trees/year) and there were significant increases of the circumferences at breast height (as well as of the variables derived from this measure). Average tree growth rates expressed in height, dbh and basal area were 26.7 cm/year, 0.17 cm/year and 2.9 cm2/year respectively. Litterfall was composed principally by leaves (66.1%) and represented a mean production rate of 43.1 g/m2/month (5.2 t/ha/year). There was a temporal pattern of litterfall production associated with the climatic seasons in the area: during rainy months the production of total litterfall, leaves and fruits was higher, while during the dry season there was a reduction of these components and an increase of flowers and wood/twigs. Therefore, flowering and fruit production periods are fitted to an annual reproductive cycle. In general, the information gathered during this study is a new contribution to the knowledge of mangrove ecology in Chengue, and showed that the monitored trees had the conditions to grow and develop during the evaluated period.
PRIMER REGISTRO DE CLYPEASTER RAVENELII Y CENTROSTEPHANUS LONGISPINUS RUBICINGULUS (ECHINODERMATA: ECHINOIDEA) PARA EL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Borrero Pérez Giomar Helena , Benavides Serrato Milena
Published: October 2017

First Colombian Caribbean record of Clypeaster ravenelii and Centrostephanus longispinus rubicingulus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea). This paper reports the first record of Clypeaster ravenelii (Clypeasteridae) on the Southern Caribbean and C e n t rostephanus longispinus rubicingulus (Diadematidae) on Colombian Caribbean coast, based on specimens collected on the continental shelf off the Guajira Peninsula .
FIRST RECORD OF AN OCTOPUS SPECIES OF THE FAMILY TREMOCTOPODIDAE (CEPHALOPODA: OCTOPODA) FOR THE COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN
Authors: Díaz Juan Manuel , Gracia C. Adriana
Published: October 2017

The Tremoctopodidae is a small group of epipelagic to mesopelagic octopuses with a single genus (Tremoctopus) and three recognized species. Of them, T. violaceus is known to occur in Atlantic waters between 40°N and 35°S, including the Mediterranean and the Gulf of Mexico, with only two records for the Caribbean (Cayman Islands and eastern Venezuela). An adult female of this species was recently collected at Islas del Rosario, off Cartagena, Colombia, constituting the first record of this species for Colombia.
ESTUDIO DE LOS PROCESOS RELACIONADOS CON LA PRESENCIA DE PLAGUICIDAS ORGANOCLORADOS EN LA CIÉNAGA GRANDE DE SANTA MARTA
Authors: Betancourt Julián Mauricio , Ramírez Triana Gustavo
Published: October 2017

The aim of this paper is to have an approach to the phenomena that take place in the lagoon complex of the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (CGSM), which are related to the behavior of the remaining organochloride pesticides. Besides discussing the depuration processes, precipitation/sedimentation and the damping that are present in this coastal lagoon; with an environmental managing scope. The results analyzed were those obtained from the project called “Monitoring of the environmental conditions and the structural and functional changes of the vegetal communities and fishing resources during the rehabilitation of the CGSM”. The main removal type in the CGSM water system for organochloride compounds in the water column, occurs by precipitation/sedimentation processes, as it is observed in Pajaral and Caño Clarín areas, where a decreasing up to 50% of this toxic compounds is happening, related to the unloaded levels.
CRECIMIENTO DEL ABANICO DE MAR GORGONIA VENTALINA (LINNAEUS, 1758) (CNIDARIA: GORGONIIDAE) EN EL ÁREA DE SANTA MARTA, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Manrique Rodríguez Nelson , Bejarano Chavarro Sonia , Garzón Ferreira Jaime
Published: October 2017

As a contribution to the biological knowledge about the sea fan Gorgonia ventalina and the use of this information as a tool to generate conservation and management strategies for this threatened species, a study about its annual growth rate, in different reef areas in Santa Marta and the National Natural Park Tayrona in the Colombian Caribbean took place. Manual measurements of 35 colonies were analyzed and images of 11 colonies were recorded in the beginning and in the end of the field stage. The annual growth rate varies among colonies and areas where measurements were taken. The average annual growth rate obtained with both of the methods was high and oscillated between 7.6 and 8.1 cm/year in height and between 6.9 and 8.3 cm/year wide. The total area of the colonies increased 246.1 cm2/year. These high rates suggest that the study area has the ideal features for the optimal development of the species. Eventhough, these features may be limited by environmental, biological and anthropic changes.
DETERMINACIÓN DE LA CAPACIDAD ANTIEPIBIÓTICA DE LOS EXTRACTOS ORGÁNICOS CRUDOS DE LAS ESPONJAS MARINAS CRIBROCHALINA INFUNDIBULUM Y BIEMNA CRIBARIA
Authors: Arias Jazmín , Zea Sven , Newmark Federico , Santos Acevedo Marisol
Published: October 2017

Sessile organisms can use physical, chemical, and biological mecanisms to control, avoid or induce epibiosis. The antifouling capacity of crude organic extracts from the marine sponges Cribrochalina infundibulum (=C. vasculum) and Biemna cribaria, was evaluated. Natural concentrations of sponges extracts were added to agar based gels and deployed in the field during 28 days, to offer substrate to natural epibiotic community. Colonization extent was then compared with control gels without extracts. Extracts from both sponges significatively inhibited the colonization of most of epifaunal organisms. B. cribaria was found to be more effective than C. infundibulum; moreover its extract lixivation was lower with a longer inhibitory action.
COEXISTENCIA DE LAS DOS ESPECIES DE CACHORRETA (PISCES: AUXIS) EN LA REGIÓN DE SANTA MARTA, COLOMBIA
Authors: Acero P. Arturo , Polanco F. Andrea , Garzón Ferreira Jaime
Published: October 2017

The marine environment of the Santa Marta region (Colombian Caribbean) is unique in many ways. The coexistence there of both species of Auxis is herewith reported and discussed. Auxis thazard, the frigate tuna or frigate mackerel, has been reported several times from Santa Marta; however, the occurrence of A. rochei, the bullet tuna or bullet mackerel, is reported for the first time. Some inter and intraspecific differences are discussed; fishery aspects are commented as well.
SIZE AT SEXUAL MATURITY IN THE QUEEN CONCH STROMBUS GIGAS FROM COLOMBIA
Authors: Avila-Poveda Omar Hernando , Baqueiro-Cárdenas Erick Raúl
Published: October 2017

Size at sexual maturity was investigated in 346 queen conch, Strombus gigas, collected from the Archipelago of San Andres, Providencia and Santa Catalina (SAI), Colombia. Size at sexual maturity is defined as the size (based on total shell length and lip thickness) at which 50 % of the population of queen conch sampled had mature and emission gonad developmental stages, based on microscopic examination (samples of gonads were processed by standardized histological methods). Only 12.14% of whole samples had mature and emission gonad developmental stages. The size at sexual maturity based on total shell length (STmat) was estimated to be STmat=249 mm for females (n=14), STmat=234 mm for males (n=28) and STmat=241 mm for both sexes (n=42). Lip thickness (LTmat) at sexual maturity was estimated to be LTmat=17.5 mm for females, LTmat=13 mm for males and LTmat=13.5 mm for both sexes. STmat and LTmat for females were greater than those estimated for males, according to plot of the cumulative size frequencies. The maximum sizes that had mature gonad stage were 285 mm ST and 24 mm LT for males (n=2) and 280 mm ST and 30 mm LT for females (n=2). The present size restrictions adopted by some countries with queen conch fisheries is 5 mm LT and/or 180-250 mm ST, which is not adequate to protect conch stocks. A lip thickness of 13.5 mm or greater appears from this study as to be a better maturity criterion. Therefore, this criterion should be adopted by Caribbean countries as a fisheries management tool in order to protect the queen conch fishery and ensure sustainability of the fishery.
¿ESTÁ LA COMPETENCIA POR ESPACIO ENTRE LA ESPONJA EXCAVADORA INCRUSTANTE CLIONA TENUIS Y LOS CORALES, INFLUENCIADA POR TEMPERATURAS MÁS ALTAS DE LO NORMAL?
Authors: Márquez Juan Carlos , Zea Sven , López Victoria Mateo
Published: October 2017

Temperaturas del agua de mar por encima del promedio durante 2005 en el Archipiélago de las Islas del Rosario (Caribe Colombiano) causaron un blanqueamiento coralino masivo en aguas someras (hasta 2-3 m de profundidad). Para confirmar resultados previos en los que el estrés inducido por calentamiento del agua en los corales puede acelerar la velocidad a la que esponjas excavadoras incrustantes le ganan espacio a los corales vivos, se contrastaron las tasas de propagación lateral en individuos de la esponja Cliona tenuis previamente marcados, que estaban colonizando los corales Diploria strigosa y Siderastrea siderea a profundidades de 5 - 6 m. Se hicieron comparaciones pareadas del avance de cada individuo de esponja entre dos intervalos de medida aproximadamente semestrales para dos períodos: junio 2001-julio 2002, que no tuvo un calentamiento inusual, y agosto 2004-septiembre 2005, con el calentamiento significativo sobre el umbral de blanqueamiento de corales, iniciado en junio 2005. Contrario a lo esperado, los datos no mostraron una influencia consistente del incremento de temperatura en la interacción esponja-coral durante el episodio de calentamiento. Las tasas de avance de C. tenuis contra S. siderea permanecieron bastante constantes, y fueron algo variables contra D. strigosa. La ocurrencia o no de cambios en el color de las colonias de coral (palidez, blanqueamiento) tampoco estuvo asociada con tasas de avance de C. tenuis consistentemente mayores o menores. Aunque es posible que un efecto generalizado de este fuerte calentamiento se rezagara hasta después de nuestro último intervalo de medida, los datos sugieren además que existe una susceptibilidad diferencial al calentamiento excesivo entre las especies y las colonias de coral y quizás entre los individuos de esponja.
ABUNDANCE OF THE EXCAVATING SPONGE CLIONA DELITRIX IN RELATION TO SEWAGE DISCHARGE AT SAN ANDRÉS ISLAND, SW CARIBBEAN, COLOMBIA
Authors: Chaves Fonnegra Andia , Zea Sven , Gómez Martha L.
Published: October 2017

It is known that the encrusting and excavating Caribbean sponge Cliona delitrix may increase its abundance near sources of sewage. To ascertain whether its current conspicuousness in leeward reefs of San Andrés Island (SW Caribbean, Colombia) is related to organic pollution from local raw sewage discharges, quantitative data on density and cover of this sponge and other benthic components was obtained from belt and line transects at seven stations along the shallow (5-10 m deep) terrace. Coral mucus was sampled to quantify Escherichia coli bacteria, as an approximate indicator of sewage plume influence on benthic biota. A negative multiplicative regression between amount of E. coli in coral mucus and distance from the main raw sewage outlet demonstrated the domestic-wastes origin of the bacteria. Whereas significant E. coli counts occurred only up to 1-2 km from sewage sources, overall sewage influence may extend further as moderate C. delitrix abundances occurred throughout the West shallow terrace of San Andrés, apparently associated to the overall nutrient enrichment from sewage. C. delitrix abundances were lower in the Southwest, farthest from sewage influence, and generally increased towards sewage sources, but decreased near the main sewage outlet. Close to sewage sources, any positive effect on the sponge brought about by the increase in suspended organic matter is probably outweighed by the negative effect that excessive sedimentation has on the sponge itself, and on the quantity and quality of substratum available for settlement.
FISSION IN THE ZOANTHARIA PALYTHOA CARIBAEORUM (Duchassaing and Michelotii, 1860) POPULATIONS: A LATITUDINAL COMPARISON
Authors: Acosta Alberto , González Ana M.
Published: October 2017

There are few regional studies attempting to compare the asexual reproductive output of marine populations, particularly when they are exposed to different environmental conditions. In this study we compared Caribbean and Southwestern Atlantic Palythoa caribaeorum populations in terms of ramet production, the minimum colony size for fission, and the relationship between fission frequency and colony size. Fission process was quantified in Ponta Recife and Praia Portinho, Sao Paulo, Brazil, and in Punta de Betín, Colombia, during the summer (December-January) of 1997 and 1998, respectively. Fission started at small colony size in both populations studied (> 4 cm2). The number of ramets produced per colony increased with colony size in Brazil and Colombia. Colombian zoanthids produced more ramets by fission than Brazilian populations. The populations shared early reproduction characteristics, and production of large numbers of ramets, which increased with colony size, even though they differed in fission frequency. Fission seems to be a conservative trait in P. caribaeorum, although its expression could vary depending on habitat conditions related to biotic and / or abiotic factors.
CAPACIDAD ANTIMITOTICA DE EXTRACTOS DE ESPONJAS MARINAS DEL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Mora Cristancho Jennyfer , Zea Sven , Santos Acevedo Marisol , Newmark Umbreit Federico
Published: October 2017

The determination of antimitotic activity of organic extracts from marine organisms generates expectations on the isolation of substances with potential anticancer activity. The antimitotic activity of crude organic extracts from 15 marine sponges from the Colombian Caribbean coast were tested in vitro against embryos of the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus. 80% of the species evaluated (Spirastrella coccinea, Myrmekioderma rea, Iotrochota imminuta, Halichondria sp., Petromica ciocalyptoides, Cinachyrella kuekenthali, Biemna cribaria, Oceanapia peltata, Xestospongia proxima, Oceanapia bartschi, Polymastia tenax y Dragmacidon reticulata) showed significant levels of inhibiting activity on the mitotic divisions at the first cellular phase of fertilized eggs. The extracts from Halichondria sp., P. ciocalyptoides and Xestospongia proxima disintegrate the cellular nuclei instantly. Extracts from Cribrochalina infundibulum showed an intermediate level of activity, while extracts from Desmapsamma anchorata and Myrmekioderma gyroderma showed no activity.
VARIACIÓN ESPACIAL Y TEMPORAL DE JUVENILES DE PINCTADA IMBRICATA (RÖDING, 1798) Y ARGOPECTEN NUCLEUS (BORN, 1778) EN LA REGIÓN NORTE DEL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Castellanos Claudia , Campos Néstor H.
Published: October 2017

In order to know the response of this group of organisms to changes in hydrographic conditions, spatial (regions, bays, depths) and temporal (climatic periods) variation in the juveniles abundance of two species with potential economical use in the northern Colombian Caribbean region was assessed. This variation was determined from 1994 to 1996, by the fixation of individual in artificial collectors in the Tayrona National Park (PNNT) and comparing the abundance of juveniles in Concha Bay and Chengue bay at depths of 5, 10, 15 and 20 m. Differences between bays and depths were found; Chengue Bay at 5 m had the highest average abundance of Pictada imbricata (145 individuals per collector). Differences between climatic periods were also registered; for the first species the highest number of individuals were collected during the dry period –first semester of the year, which is characterized by the presence of upwelling waters. The abundance of Argopecten nucleus had a lower abundance and an undefined recruitment pattern. From 1997 to 1998 the abundance of juveniles between the PNNT and La Vela Cape (CV) was compared finding significant differences between these regions; the average abundance of P. imbricata (61 ind/col), was greater in the PNNT while individuals of A. nucleus (23 ind/col) were more abundant in the CV. At the temporal scale, these species presented differences in both regions. The first two exhibited a defined pattern in the PNNT with more dominance in the dry period of the year; A. nucleus showed great variation in the PNNT while in the CV they were dominant in the dry period. According to these results, the optimal conditions for recruitment of A. nucleus are given in the CV region during the dry period, and P. imbricata in the region of PNNT during the dry period. The temperature was related with abundance of P. imbricata en el CV and A. nucleus with visibility. Nevertheless, the highest number of juveniles was observed during a specific climatic period in which the environmental variables have well defined characteristics.
UNA APROXIMACIÓN A LA ABUNDANCIA DE LOS BATOIDEOS CAPTURADOS ARTESANALMENTE EN SANTA MARTA (COLOMBIA)
Authors: Grijalba Bendeck Marcela , Polo Silva Carlos , Acero P. Arturo
Published: October 2017

Relative abundance of batoids fished in Playa Salguero and Don Jaca (Santa Marta) between March and October (2006) was estimated. Data taken at sampling periods varying between 12 and 26 days were used. 674 fishing operations with trawl net at Playa Salguero were analyzed. The general capture per effort unit (CPEU) mean in abundance was 0.46±0.07 individuals/hour and in biomass 0.09±0.02 kg/hour. The most abundant species was the endemic Urotrygon venezuelae, previously considered rare. At Don Jaca, 129 fishing operations with horizontal lines and 54 with gill nets were evaluated. CPEU at that locality was estimated in 8.53±2.04 kg/15hours for the horizontal lines and 11.00±5.90 kg/12hours for gill net; Dasyatis guttata was the most important species.
ESTRUCTURA Y COMPOSICIÓN DE LAS COMUNIDADES DE GORGONIAS DE LOS ARRECIFES DEL ARCHIPIÉLAGO SABANA-CAMAGÜEY, CUBA: CONECTIVIDAD Y FACTORES DETERMINANTES
Authors: Alcolado Pedro M. , García Parrado Pedro , Hernández Muñoz Darlenys
Published: October 2017

To know the gorgonian community composition and structure of coral reefs in the Archipelago Sabana-Camagüey (north central Cuba) and the factors governing them, sampling was carried out in 10 transects, which include the rear zone (about 1 m in depth) and the fore reef zone (between 5 m and 20 m in depth). The most dominant and frequent species was Pseudopterogorgia americana, followed by Eunicea flexuosa, Eunicea mammosa, Plexaurella dichotoma, and Plexaura kuekenthali. The first one is typical of rocky bottoms with accumulated sediments, while the others are considered resistant to water turbulence, except the last one. According the nMDS analysis, water turbulence was the only direct factor that explained in a significant way the gorgonian community composition and structure. Ordination of stations reveals a strong connectivity within the study area. Diversity indices H’ and J’suggest the dominance of favorable and quasi constant to constant physical environmental conditions for gorgonian communities.
NUEVOS REGISTROS DE CRUSTÁCEOS BRACHYURA Y AMPLIACIÓN DE LA DISTRIBUCIÓN DE ALGUNAS ESPECIES PARA EL MAR CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Gómez Lemos Luis , Cruz Norella , Campos Néstor Hernando
Published: October 2017

Three species of Brachyura crabs, Tyche emarginata White, 1847; Piloslambrus guerini (Brito Capello, 1871), and Hepatus scaber Holthuis, 1959, are recorded for first time in Colombian Caribbean Sea. Also, the distribution range of 20 previously recorded species is widened towards the north of the country. Samples were collected during INVEMAR-CORPOGUAJIRA cruise between March and April 2005 at the continental shelf (10 and 50 m depth) in La Guajira.
OPHIOTHRIX SYNOECINA (ECHINODERMATA: OPHIUROIDEA: OPHIOTRICHIDAE): ENDEMIC AND VULNERABLE SPECIES FROM THE COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN
Authors: Monroy López Mario , Solano Oscar D.
Published: October 2017

The presence of Ophiothrix synoecina Schoppe in the Guajira area (Cabo de la Vela), and the contribution of new information about its distribution and density, allowed the reevaluation of the category proposed on the Marine Invertebrates Red List, because of its small and fragmentary area of nine localities through the Colombian Caribbean rocky-shore.
FIRST RECORD OF THE GENUS HETERODINIUM (DINOPHYCEAE) FROM COASTAL WATERS OF THE COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN
Authors: Ramos Ortega Lina M. , Vidal V. Luís A.
Published: October 2017

Three species of the genus Heterodinium Kofoid are reported for the first time in coastal waters of the Colombian Caribbean. The identified species are Heterodinium rigdenae Kofoid, 1906, Heterodinium agassizii Kofoid, 1907 and Heterodinium angulatum Kofoid y Michener, 1911. Information about distribution of these species in the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico is given.
PRIMER REGISTRO DE TOBAGOGORGIA HARDYI (OCTOCORALLIA: GORGONIIDAE) PARA EL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Chacón Gómez Isabel Cristina , Santodomingo Nadiezhda , Reyes Javier
Published: October 2017

Esta nota registra la presencia del octocoral Tobagogorgia hardyi Sánchez, 2007 en el Caribe colombiano. El octocoral, perteneciente a la familia Gorgoniidae, fue descrito originalmente para la isla de Tobago, de donde se origina su nombre como un nuevo género monoespecífico. Este registro está basado en colonias recolectadas en diferentes localidades del talud superior y la plataforma continental a lo largo del Caribe colombiano durante las expediciones Invemar-Macrofauna I y II.
RAPID ASSESSMENT OF THE HURRICANE BETA EFFECTS ON ISLA PROVIDENCIA (COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN)
Authors: Rodríguez Ramírez Alberto , Reyes Nivia María Catalina
Published: October 2017

Hurricane Beta passed very close to Providencia and Santa Catalina islands in October 29, 2005 as a moderate category 1 hurricane. Fast surveys carried out fifteen days after the event at 20 sites located on coral reefs, seagrass beds, beaches, and mangroves indicated a low impact over these four ecosystems. In contrast, terrestrial vegetation and island’s infrastructure were severely damaged.
CONTENIDOS DE CADMIO, COBRE, ZINC Y PLOMO EN ÓRGANOS DE Rhizophora mangle de la CIÉNAGA GRANDE DE SANTA MARTA, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Naranjo Sánchez Yury A. , Troncoso Olivo Walberto
Published: October 2017

In order to determine the contents of cadmium, copper, zinc, and lead in leaves, stalks, and root of Rhizophora mangle, samples from three parcels located in the river Sevilla mouth – Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, were taken in October 2003. Measures of metals concentrations were made through the Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry technique (ICP–AES). The results indicated that lead concentration in R. mangle organs was below method detection limit (<2.38 μg/g) except the absorbent root (16.3 μg/g); and significant differences exist in the contents of cadmium, copper, zinc, and lead into R. mangle organs, following this concentration order: absorbent roots > stalk > young leaves > adult leaves > aerial roots.
CARACTERÍSTICAS OCEANOGRÁFICAS DE LA SURGENCIA FRENTE A LA ENSENADA DE GAIRA, DEPARTAMENTO DE MAGDALENA, ÉPOCA SECA MENOR DE 2006
Authors: Arévalo Martínez Damián Leonardo , Franco Herrera Andrés
Published: October 2017

In order to determine the influence of the ocean and atmospheric coupling dynamics on upwelling events, caused by Ekman’s transport and by continental winds, as well as the possible fertilization effect produced by the increasing of the concentration of inorganic nutrients in coastal waters of Gaira’s inlet, Magdalena department, during the minor dry season of 2006, atmospheric, oceanographic, and biological variables were measured by the implementation of the Eurelian method. A total of four samplings were carried out, among which two presented atmospheric and oceanic conditions that evidence the occurrence of upwelling events 48 hours before in response to strong winds coming from northeast (trade winds) and from the continent, whereas the other two samplings presented similar characteristics to those typical of rainy seasons. During this study, wind velocity and direction presented expected values during upwelling events caused by Ekman’s transport and by continental winds (> 4.5 m/s, 26 º y 120 º, respectively), generating enough stress levels in the sea surface layer that could move it offshore (1.2 dynes/cm2). During the days following the upwelling events, anomalies in water physical and chemical characteristics were observed, presenting low temperatures (26.1 ± 1.1 ºC ), high salinity (36.0 ± 0.5) and, as a consequence, high densities (σt 26.31 ± 0.50), as well as low dissolved oxygen levels (4.04 ± 0.29 mL/L) and predominant subsaturation (84.3 ± 6.1 %). Inorganic nutrient concentration showed a relatively homogeneous behavior, keeping low nitrite (0.35 ± 0.02 μM) and phosphate (0.30 ± 0.01 μM) levels during all samplings, whereas the mean ammonium concentration was relatively high (1.08 ± 0.11 μM). In contrast, nitrate levels were high during all samplings, with higher values corresponding to upwelling events (9.48 ± 0.49 μM), although variation was not statistically significative. Phytoplanktonic biomass showed a moderate response to fertilization with chlorophyll a concentrations close to 0.54 ± 0.50 mg/m3, which are lower to the obtained in samplings executed after continental fluvial influence. Nevertheless, such behavior is more evident examining chlorophyll a-phaeopigment a quotient, in which values are predominantly higher than 1, indicating the presence of young and photosynthetically active communities in upwelled waters after 48 h. In general, atmospheric, oceanographic, and phytoplanktonic biomass information suggests a moderate increase in the fertilization of Gaira’s inlet coastal waters, caused by the deep waters upwelling, which belong to the Submerged Subtropical Water (SSW), allowing to classify this local upwelling event as mesotrophic instead of oligotrophic, as traditionally accepted.
RANGE EXTENSION FOR THE THOMAS SEA CATFISH NOTARIUS GRANDICASSIS (SILURIFORMES: ARIIDAE) IN THE COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN
Authors: Sánchez Rodríguez Diana C. , Acero P. Arturo
Published: October 2017

The ariid Notarius grandicassis (Valenciennes, 1840), commonly known as Thomas sea catfish, occurs at northeastern South America, ranging between Colombia and Brasil. It was reported originally from the mouth of the Amazon to the Golfo de Venezuela. In 2002, it was reported from the Colombian Guajira peninsula. Herein, we report the species from the mouth of the Magdalena River (Bocas de Ceniza), where it is rather frequently obtained by fishermen.
MITSUKURINA OWSTONI JORDAN (CHONDRICHTHYES: MITSUKURINIDAE) RST RECORD FOR THE COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN
Authors: Grijalba Bendeck Marcela , Acevedo Kelly
Published: October 2017

This paper collects bibliographic information about the Goblin shark, Mitsukurina owstoni (Chondrichthyes: Mitsukurinidae), an uncommon shark from deeper waters. One specimen of this species was captured near Nenguange bay and it is recorded for rst time in the Colombian Caribbbean.
OBTENCIÓN DE UNA FRACCIÓN ANTIMITÓTICA DEL EXTRACTO ETANÓLICO DE LA MACROALGA DIGENIA SIMPLEX
Authors: Valle Zapata Hernán , Ospina Guerrero Sandra , Galeano Jaramillo Elkin , Martínez Martínez Alejandro , Márquez Fernández María , López Ortiz Juan
Published: October 2017

Marine algae have been widely studied by natural products chemists in the search of antitumor agents and the development of new therapeutic agents against cancer. Extracts of the red alga Digenia simplex display a powerful antimitotic effect in cancer cell lines. Therefore, it is of extreme importance to determine what substances are responsible of this activity. In order to achieve this objective, the ethanol extract of Digenia simplex was subject to chromatographic fractionation guided by evaluation of antimitotic activity on the Jurkat cell line (human myeloid lymphoma). Additionally, the most active fraction obtained was tested for cytotoxicity. Normal phase column chromatography and preparatory thin layer chromatography were used for extract fractionation. Cytotoxicity was assessed by cellular viability methods, determining cellular viability by the exclusion of the vital dye trypan blue. A cytotoxic and antimitotic fraction of polar nature was obtained. This fraction behaved in a similar way to the antineoplasic drug Colcemid.
PROBIÓTICOS COMO HERRAMIENTA BIOTECNOLÓGICA EN EL CULTIVO DE CAMARÓN: RESEÑA
Authors: Villamil Díaz Luisa , Martínez Silva María Angélica
Published: October 2017

Probiotic bacteria are dened as live microorganisms that administered as a diet supplement can cause modications in the microbiota associated with the gastrointestinal tract of the host and generate benecial effects such as an increase in the food intake conversion, disease resistance and water quality. During the last decade, its application in shrimp farming has become frequent since several commercial products designed for this purpose have emerged. At the same time, although there are a number of scientic articles published on the subject, it is evident that there is a lack of studies oriented to understand the probiotics working mechanisms and to establish the protocols for its implementation, taking into account critical factors such as the stage of cultivation, culture density and dosage in relation to the shrimp immune defense mechanisms and presence of potentially pathogenic organisms. This paper aims to review the most prominent publications regarding the use of probiotics in aquaculture, particularly in shrimp farming, since its use seems to be the alternative with better perspectives to the indiscriminate use of antibiotics that cause problems such as the emergence of multi-resistant bacterial strains that could alter the ecosystems near acuaculture sites and even affect consumer health.
HUMPBACK WHALE (MEGAPTERA NOVAENGLIAE) CARDIAC DYNAMIC ANALYSIS USING PROBABILITY THEORY
Authors: Rodríguez Javier , Ortiz Liliana , Prieto Signed , Álvarez Luisa , Correa Catalina , Reynolds Jorge
Published: October 2017

The cardiac behaviour of the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) is described, in order to mathematically characterize its electrocardiogram (ECG) using the Dynamic Components of the System (DCS) and the probability theory. Images of 199 cardiac complexes from the electrocardiography register of a humpback whale were digitalized, determining the frequency apparition of each DCS and calculating the probability of those which frequency was greater or equal than four. Application of the probability theory to the electrocardiography analysis of the whale allows its mathematical, objective and reproducible characterization.
CONTENIDO DE CD, PB Y PESTICIDAS ORGANOCLORADOS DE MYTELLA STRIGATA (PELECYPODA:MYTILIDAE) DE SEIS LAGUNAS COSTERAS DEL NOROESTE DE MÉXICO
Authors: Osuna López José I. , Frías Espericueta Martín G. , López López Gabriel , Zazueta Padilla Héctor M. , Izaguirre Fierro Gildardo , Páez Osuna Federico , Ruiz Fernández Ana C. , Voltolina Domenico
Published: October 2017

Los contenidos de Cd y Pb de los tejidos blandos de los mejillones de mangle Mytella strigata colectados en 1996, en seis lagunas costeras del noroeste de México variaron entre 0.73 y 1.9 μg g-1 y entre 8.3 y 17.1 μg g-1, respectivamente; los valores de DDD variaron entre 4.5 y 119 ng g-1, los de DDE desde menos del límite de detección (<DL) hasta 205 ng g-1 y el DDT varió entre <DL hasta 4.1 ng g-1, con los valores más altos en las lagunas cercanas a zonas de agricultura intensiva, que se encuentran en la parte central y septentrional del estado de Sinaloa. El intervalo de las concentraciones de HCB fue de <DL hasta 695 ng g-1 y los valores mayores se midieron en las lagunas meridionales, en áreas de agricultura extensiva y menos mecanizada. Los valores de Pb superaron los límites aceptables para el consumo humano, mientras que los restantes no alcanzaron niveles preocupantes para la salud humana o ambiental, pero indican una tendencia al aumento en comparación con estudios realizados con anterioridad.
DISTRIBUCIÓN Y ABUNDANCIA DE LAS ASCIDIAS DE LOS FONDOS ROCOSOS DE LA BAHÍA DE CUAJINIQUIL, COSTA RICA
Authors: Nova Bustos Nidya , Hernández Zanuy Aida C. , Viquez Portuguez Rigoberto
Published: October 2017

The ascidians of the Central-American Pacific coast are poorly studied, although this group is one of the most important members of the benthic fauna of this region. The present study shows data of density (individuals per square meter) of the solitary ascidians Rhopalaea birkelandi (Tokioka) and Ascidia ceratodes (Huntsman), at 5, 10 and 15 m deep in three transects perpendicular to the coast. These transects were located in Isla David, Bajo Rojo and Bajo Viejón, coastal areas of Cuajiniquil Bay, northeast coast Costa Rica. Other three species of colonial ascidians, Didemnum moseleyi (Herdman), Lissoclinum caulleryi (Ritter y Forsyth) and Polyandrocarpa tincta (Van Name), are part of the benthic communities of the rocky bottoms of this bay at depths greater than 10 m. The cluster analysis (using Jaccard similarity coefficient) shows a high similarity between transects located at Bajo Viejón and Isla David. The difference between 5, 10 and 15 m deep is significant (H= 6.24, gl= 2.51, p= 0.04). In Bajo Rojo only solitary ascidians were found with an average density ten times lower than other sites. These differences could be related to lower substratum availability due to the stronger competition with brown algae which covers most of the sea bottom at Bajo Rojo and/or the higher environmental stability of the hard bottom communities that are usually found on the edges of the higher part of the bay, greatly exposed to oceanic waters and away from impacts that sediments from the Cuajiniquil river could be producing in the middle part of the bay.
LISTADO TAXONÓMICO DE COPÉPODOS (ARTHROPODA: CRUSTACEA) DEL MAR CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Medellín Mora Johanna , Navas S. Gabriel R.
Published: October 2017

In the Colombian Caribbean there are few studies on zooplankton that have explored their specific composition and the existing information is largely restricted to grey literature. Studies in other areas of the Caribbean show a high species richness of copepods, recording approximately 500 species. This paper presents a taxonomic list of 217 species of planktonic copepods belonging to the orders Calanoida, Cyclopoida, Harpacticoida, Poecillostomatoida, Mormonilloida, and Siphonostomatoida recorded in the Colombian Caribbean since 1970.
ESTRUCTURA DE LAS PRADERAS DE THALASSIA TESTUDINUM EN UN GRADIENTE DE PROFUNDIDAD EN LA GUAJIRA, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Albis Salas Margarita R. , Gómez López Diana I. , Duque Guillermo
Published: October 2017

The spatial distribution of seagrass beds depends on environmental factors such as light, temperature, salinity, substrate type, and nutrient availability. There is an extensive area of seagrass beds dominated by Thalassia testudinum along the shallow continental shelf of La Guajira, representing more than 80 % of the seagrass beds in Colombia. In order to describe seagrass distribution and its relation to organic matter, substrate type and depth structural variables of T. testudinum were measured at l5 locations placed at one of the following depth ranges: shallow (0-2 m), intermediate (2-4 m), and deep (>4 m). Shoot density was measured with 20 x 20 cm quadrants while shoot samples were collected from 20 x 10 cm sub-quadrants in order to measure leaf biomass, epiphyte weight, grazing and leaf area. Total biomass and sediment core were measured from sediments core samples. High values of shoot density (437.5 m-2), leaf biomass (84.8 g m-2), total biomass (5.9 kg m-2) and leaf area (24.8 cm2), were related with depths less than 3.5 m while at higher depths plants presented lower shoot density (137.5 m2), biomass (7.5 g m-2) and leaf area (4.6 cm2). The epiphyte weight registered high values in deeper seagrass beds (52.5 %) where grazing had lesser impact (53.3 %). Additionally, better devolped seagrass beds were found in areas of organic matter content, fine sediments and protected areas.
MOLUSCOS BENTÓNICOS DE LA GUAJIRA (10 Y 50 M DE PROFUNDIDAD), CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Fontalvo Palacio Erlenis , Gracia C. Adriana , Duque Guillermo
Published: October 2017

We studied the composition and abundance of benthic mollusks found in La Guajira along the northern Caribbean coast of Colombia. A research cruise was carried out on board the R/V Ancón INVEMAR, from which bottom trawlings were conducted at 10 and 50 m depths. A total of 4840 individuals were collected, and 215 species identified belonging to the classes Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Scaphopoda, Cephalopoda and Polyplacophora. Nineteen species were recorded for the first time in La Guajira. The class Gastropoda had the highest number of species (52 %) and Bivalvia showed the greatest abundance (71 % of individuals). The bivalve Laevicardium sybariticum was the most abundant species in the study area. Multivariate analysis showed no defined patterns in relation to depth and bottom type.
CHRYSOGORGIIDAE (OCTOCORALLIA) RECOLECTADOS DURANTE LAS EXPEDICIONES MACROFAUNA I Y II EN EL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Chacón Gómez Isabel Cristina , Santodomingo Nadiezhda , Reyes Javier , Andrade Sossa Camilo Ernesto
Published: October 2017

Four samples of octocorals in the family Chrysogorgiidae are described (Chrysogorgia desbonni, C. elegans and C. thyrsiformis and Trichogorgia lyra), collected in the Colombian Caribbean during the explorations INVEMAR–Macrofauna I and II. The three Chrysogorgia species were found between depths of 160 and 516 m, while T. lyra was collected in shallow waters between depths of 20 and 150 m, both bathymetric ranges which had not been widely studied in the country before, making this a particularly interesting study. Furthermore, nearly 50 species of various octocorals have been identified based on studies of this type. Chrysogorgia thyrsiformis is recorded for the first time for Colombian Caribbean. In the other hand, geographic distribution and bathymetric ranges are indicated for all these species in the Caribbean and particularly Colombia.
CINCO NUEVOS REGISTROS DE ESPECIES DE AVES PARA LA ISLA MALPELO, PACÍFICO COLOMBIANO
Authors: Zamudio Jeisson Andrés
Published: October 2017

Five species of birds were recorded for the fist time in Malpelo Island. With this information, the total number of birds recorded in the island ascends to 65 species. The new bird records are Upland Sandpiper, Semipalmated Sandpiper, Surfbird, Great Crested Flycatcher and the Northern Waterthrush.
NOTES ON THE ECOLOGY OF THE LIZARDS FROM MALPELO ISLAND, COLOMBIA
Authors: López Victoria Mateo , Herrón Pilar A. , Botello Juan Carlos
Published: October 2017

Observations of two of the endemic species of lizards of Malpelo Island provide new information on their natural history, ecology, and population size. Anolis agassizi, the most abundant and broadly distributed lizard, feeds mainly on insects and excrements of marine birds. It sleeps on large rocks, surfaces on hills or on man-made structures and, although it does not defend perch sites like most Anolis do, it does show preferences for high perches where, among other activities, it carries out copulation. Diploglossus millepunctatus, the largest and least abundant lizard, is an opportunistic-predator and scavenger that has a remarkable relationship with the land crab of the island (Johngarthia malpilensis) which it not only eats, but also competes with it for food. Behavior, higher density, larger body size and weight of individual D. millepunctatus living close to cabins suggest that these lizards accommodate to the presence of people by feeding on left-over food.