bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Effects of Topical Tranexamic
Acid versus Topical Vasoconstrictors on the Management of Epistaxis
Authors: Zhuang Chunlin , Liu Huanhai , Li Tengfei , Li Fengzhen , Cha Xudong , Wang Shenglei , Yan Jianyu , Wang Tianyu , Liang Caiquan , Ren Wenwen
Published: February 2023

Objective:

We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of topical tranexamic acid (TXA) versus topical vasoconstrictors in the management of epistaxis via a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods:

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards were followed for the meta-analysis. We systematically searched Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, and PubMed for randomized controlled trials (from inception to August 2022; no language restrictions), comparing the effect of topical TXA and topical vasoconstrictors on the treatment of epistaxis. The Q test was used to evaluate heterogeneity, and funnel plots were utilized to identify bias. For the meta-analysis, the fixed-effects model was employed, and the t-test was utilized to determine significance.

Results:

Of 1012 identified studies, 5 were found to be eligible for our analysis. In total, 598 patients were included; 297 of them received TXA and 301 received vasoconstrictors. Hemostasis was more likely to be achieved at the first re-assessment in patients treated with TXA. Subgroup analysis indicated patients treated with TXA to have less likelihood of bleeding recurrence, compared to patients treated with vasoconstrictors. The detected time interval of rebleeding was 10 min, between 24h to 72h, and after 7 days, respectively, and the differences were significant between the two groups of patients treated with TXA and vasoconstrictors.

Conclusion:

Topical TXA was associated with better post-treatment hemorrhagic arrest rates compared to topical vasoconstrictors in the management of epistaxis.
Identification of Drug Targets and Agents Associated with Hepatocellular
Carcinoma through Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Hossen Md. Alim , Reza Md. Selim , Harun-Or-Roshid Md. , Islam Md. Ariful , Siddika Mst. Ayesha , Mollah Md. Nurul Haque
Published: February 2023

Background:

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related
death globally. The mechanisms underlying the development of HCC are mostly unknown till now.

Objective:

The main goal of this study was to identify potential drug target proteins and agents for the
treatment of HCC.

Methods:

The publicly available three independent mRNA expression profile datasets were downloaded
from the NCBI-GEO database to explore common differentially expressed genes (cDEGs) between
HCC and control samples using the Statistical LIMMA approach. Hub-cDEGs as drug targets highlighting
their functions, pathways, and regulators were identified by using integrated bioinformatics
tools and databases. Finally, Hub-cDEGs-guided top-ranked drug agents were identified by molecular
docking study for HCC.

Results:

We identified 160 common DEGs (cDEGs) from three independent mRNA expression datasets
in which ten cDEGs (CDKN3, TK1, NCAPG, CDCA5, RACGAP1, AURKA, PRC1, UBE2T,
MELK, and ASPM) were selected as Hub-cDEGs. The GO functional and KEGG pathway enrichment
analysis of Hub-cDEGs revealed some crucial cancer-stimulating biological processes, molecular functions,
cellular components, and signaling pathways. The interaction network analysis identified three
TF proteins and five miRNAs as the key transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulators of HubcDEGs.
Then, we detected the proposed Hub-cDEGs guided top-ranked three anti-HCC drug molecules
(Dactinomycin, Vincristine, Sirolimus) that were also highly supported by the already published
top-ranked HCC-causing Hub-DEGs mediated receptors.

Conclusion:

The findings of this study would be useful resources for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapies
of HCC.
Retrospective Review of Chromane Analogues as Anti-protozoal Leads: A
Decade's Worth of Evolution
Authors: Murugesan Sankaranarayan , Chandra Sekhar Kondapalli Venkata Gowri , Jadhav Snehal Rajkumar , Karan Kumar Banoth , Joshi Renuka Parshuram , Suryakant Chougule Kishor , Chandu Ala , Muzaffar-Ur-Rehman Mohammed , Khetmalis Yogesh Mahadu , Nandikolla Adinarayana
Published: February 2023

Tropical, vector-borne, and neglected diseases with a limited number of medication ther-apies include Leishmaniasis, Malaria, Chagas and Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT). Chro-mones are a large class of heterocyclic compounds with significant applications. This heterocycle has long aroused the interest of scientists and the general public from biosynthetic and synthetic points of view owing to its interesting pharmacological activities. Chromones and their hybrids and isomeric forms proved to be an exciting scaffold to investigate these diseases. The in vitro activities of Chromone, Chromane, and a panel of other related benzopyran class compounds against Trypa-nosoma brucei rhodesiense, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, Trypanosoma cruzi, and numerous Leishmanial and Malarial species were investigated in our previous studies. The current article briefly describes the neglected diseases and the current treatment. This review aims to attempt to find better alternatives by scrutinizing natural and synthetic derivatives for which chromones and their analogues were discovered to be a new and highly effective scaffold for the treatment of ne-glected diseases, including compounds with dual activity or activity against multiple parasites. Ad-ditionally, the efficacy of other new scaffolds was also thoroughly examined. This article also dis-cusses prospects for identifying more unique targets for the disease, focusing on flavonoids as drug molecules that are less cytotoxic and high antiprotozoal potential. It also emphasizes the changes that can be made while searching for potential therapies-comparing existing treatments against pro-tozoal diseases and the advantages of the newer chromone analogues over them. Finally, the struc-ture-activity relationship at each atom of the chromone has also been highlighted.
Synthesis of 4-Pyridinylquinolines via Sugasawa and Friedlander Reaction from 4-Cyanopyridine with Anilines and Ketones
Authors: Liu Chi , Yang Zhilin , Ji Jiangyu , Li He , Man Lili , Li Runlai , Zhang Zhenming
Published: February 2023

Firstly, 2-amino aromatic ketones were synthesized by o-acylation of p-substituted anilines
with nitrile under Sugasawa conditions, and the yield was up to 90.1%. Then, 4-pyridinylquinoline derivatives
were synthesized by Friedlander reaction with α-methylene ketones, and the yield was up to
81.9%. The structures of five 2-amino aromatic ketones and eighteen substituted quinolines were
characterized by MS, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR. The structures were further confirmed by single crystal
X-ray diffraction, which was consistent with the expected structures. Analyzing the crystal structure,
it was found that compounds 4j and 4q crystallized in the monoclinic with the P21/n space group, respectively.
Compounds 2c, 2d, 2e, and 4n crystallized in the triclinic with the P-1 space group, respectively.
Of which compound 4n crystallized in the triclinic space group P-1 with two crystallographically
independent but chemically equivalent molecules in the asymmetric unit. The two independent
molecules were found to possess different orientations of the chlorine, methyl, pyridyl, and
acetyl groups relative to the core (quinoline) two-ring system. This work provides a simple, straightforward
synthetic protocol for preparing 4-pyridinylquinoline derivatives.
The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Smokers’ Behavior in Jordan
Authors: Al Oweidat Khaled , Al-Husban Naser , Hassanin Omayma , Ayed Al-Odat Israa , Osama Baki Joud , Hassan  Oweis Liyana , Yousef Hala , Alnaimat Fatima , Alryalat Saif Aldeen
Published: February 2023

Objective:

COVID-19 pandemic affected smokers’ behavior globally. Our objective was to explore changes in smokers’ behavior in Jordan during the pandemic by studying changes in smoking intensity and purchase of smoking products, and by assessing participants’ knowledge and perception of COVID-19.

Methods:

This is a cross-sectional study where convenience sampling was used. An electronic questionnaire was distributed on social media. We included current smokers, aged 18 years or older, living in Jordan at the time of participating in the study. We gathered personal information and smoking history. We assessed the participants’ knowledge about COVID-19 and the change in their smoking behavior and thoughts and attempts to quit smoking.

Results:

total of 767 participants were included; the majority, 526 (68.6%), were 18-25 years old. 358 (46.7%) have been smokers for one to five years; the predominantly used smoking product was cigarettes (60.1%). Regarding daily smoking behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic, 236 (30.8%) participants increased their daily smoking behavior, mainly due to anxiety followed by boredom and staying at home; 241 (31.6%) decreased it due to health concerns about self or others. Intentions of quitting smoking were reported by (51.1%), but only (9.6%) genuinely quit. Compli-ance with the COVID-19 protection guidelines was significantly associated with age and gender variables (P < 0.05) as well as change in daily smoking frequency (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Most smokers either had similar or increased daily smoking frequency during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nearly half of the participants intended to quit smoking, and most smokers were compliant with recommended guidelines for COVID-19 infection prevention.
Synthesis, Characterization, and in vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity of
Novel Ferrocenyl(Piperazine-1-Yl)Methanone-based Derivatives
Authors: Ruan Banfeng , Li Jin , Guo Qinglei , Zhang Min , Pei Zhouyang , Hu Yong
Published: February 2023

Background:

Inflammation is closely related to the occurrence and development of various
diseases in the clinical scope. Finding effective anti-inflammatory agents is of great significance
for clinical treatment. A series of novel ferrocenyl(piperazine-1-yl)methanone-based sulfamides and
carboxamides were synthesized to discover potent anti-inflammatory agents.

Methods:

The compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and MS spectra. Compound
5h was further determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. All the target compounds were
screened for anti-inflammatory activity by evaluating the inhibition effect of LPS-induced NO production
in RAW264.7 macrophages. The novel compound (4i) is the preliminary anti-inflammatory
mechanism detected by western blot.

Results:

In a multi-stage screening campaign, compound 4i was shortlisted, which exhibited physicochemical
properties suitable for human administration. Among them, compound 4i was found to
be most potent in inhibiting NO production (IC50 = 7.65 μM) with low toxicity. This compound also
exhibited significant inhibition of the production of iNOS and COX-2. Preliminary mechanism studies
indicated that compound 4i could inhibit the activation of the LPS-induced TLR4/NF-κB signaling
pathway.

Conclusion:

The promising anti-inflammatory activity of compound 4i compared with the reference
drug suggests that this compound may contribute as a lead compound in the search for new potential
anti-inflammatory agents.
Magnetic Nanoparticles: Fabrications and Applications in Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis
Authors: Shrirame T.S.
Published: February 2023

Cancer is a global epidemic disease. Millions of people are affected by this disease every year. It affects humans including, children to old age. Nonetheless, there are several therapeutic treatments and drugs available to cure cancer. Recently, the use of smart nanoparticles (NPs) has been a promising technique to eradicate cancer. Among these NPs, magnetic NPs are efficient in treating cancer. Targeted drug-delivery based on 'smart' nanoparticles is the next step towards more efficient oncologic therapies, by delivering a minimal dose of drug only to the vicinity of the target. In the present chapter the methods used for fabrication and engineering of magnetic NPs is discussed. We have focused on current state of research on various applications of magnetic nanoparticles as well as recent breakthrough in the development of these NPs in cancer therapy, diagnosis, and targeted delivery.
Magnetic Nanoparticles for Immune System Related Diseases Treatment
Authors: Baudou F.G.
Published: February 2023

Nanotechnology is a continuously rising field with different and varied purposes. Nanoparticles (NPs) are defined as particles between 1 and 100 nanometers in diameter, but within this classification larger particles can be incorporated up to 500 nm. Magnetic NPs (MNPs) are generally composed with magnetic elements such as nickel, cobalt and iron, and have the ability to be manipulated through a magnetic field. Recently, these have been the subject of numerous studies because their attractive properties for several potential applications. Among them, we can include its use for diagnosis and medical treatment (theragnosis). Due to their properties, MNPs could be used with the aim of developing immunomodulatory therapies and deal with infectious diseases, cancer, allergies, autoimmune diseases, etc. The use of MNPs provides a novel tool to manipulate the immune response towards a profile according to the proposed objectives. That is why this chapter describes the interaction of MNPs with the immune system as well as its possible applications in immunomodulatory therapies.
ACUPRESSURE AS METHOD FOR REDUCING HEAD PAIN IN TENSION TYPE HEADACHE: CASE REPORT
Authors: Ramadhani Suaib Wahyuni , Nandar Kurniawan Shahdevi
Published: February 2023

Background: Acupressure is a method that can reduce or eliminate headaches without using drugs. It works by stimulating certain points through pressure / massage on the surface of the body by using fingers or blunt objects for fitness purposes or to relieve pain in tension headaches. Tension type headache (TTH) is the most common headache that tends to be considered not serious because it causes mild symptoms in some cases. TTH is a pain that is felt in the back of the head (occipitalis) and in the front (frontalis) which is tense due to the permanent contraction of the muscles of the scalp, forehead and neck accompanied by extracranial vasoconstriction that can persist for a certain period of time. Benefits of acupressure can calm the nerves caused by discomforts such as tension which is common in tension headache. Summary of case: A 37-year-old woman presented with headaches that is described as being tied to a rope around her head and heavy in the neck area since a week ago. She is diagnosed with tension type headaches and received doctor's treatment. However, headaches are still felt sometimes when she has a lot of thoughts. Acupressure through suppression and massage has been done as a non-pharmacological treatment to reduce the patient's headache at the acupressure point for one week in 10 minutes each session, showing a decrease in pain intensity through VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) decreased pain rate from 6 to 2 after acupressure. She experienced an improvement and decreased intensity of headache attacks after undergoing acupressure. Conclusion: Acupressure can be an alternative and complementary therapy to reduce the intensity and frequency of tension type headache attacks Keyword : Acupressure, tension type headache, complementary therapy.
CLUSTER HEADACHE
Authors: Anisa Michelle , Nandar Kurniawan Shahdevi
Published: February 2023

Cluster headache (CH) is a trigeminal autonomic cephalgia characterized by attacks of severe unilateral headache accompanied by ipsilateral autonomic symptoms. The prevalence of cluster headache in the overall population is 1 in every 1000 people. The exact etiology of cluster headache remains unclear. However, it is thought that there is a connection between the trigeminovascular system, parasympathetic nerve fibers involved in trigeminal autonomic reflexes, and the hypothalamus. Treatment of CH has three stages, namely: abortive, transitional, and preventive. Cluster headaches tend to subside with age with less frequent attacks and longer periods of remission between attacks.
Guerras híbridas, irrestrictas, asimétricas y jurídicas en el nuevo orden mundial
Authors: Sierra-Zamora Paola Alexandra , Castaño-Bedoya Alejandro
Published: February 2023

Los conflictos actuales, con sus nuevas amenazas, sus distintos niveles de intensidad y su hibridación entre conflictos convencionales y conflictos irregulares, implican nuevos desafíos ante los cuales la inteligencia estratégica de los Estados a veces se queda rezagada. Este artículo analiza las transformaciones de las guerras en el desarrollo del sistema internacional a través de tres ejes temáticos. En primer lugar, se abordan las transformaciones de los instrumentos y métodos de las guerras híbridas, irrestrictas y asimétricas. En segundo lugar, se analizan los niveles de intensidad de los conflictos y lo que esto implica en cuanto a las amenazas y su conducción estratégica. Finalmente, se analiza el lawfare o las guerras jurídicas y su uso para el interés estratégico de algunos actores, en una mezcla de la estrategia político-militar con el derecho en el nuevo orden mundial.
Off-World Mental Health: Considerations for the Design of Well-being–Supportive Technologies for Deep Space Exploration
Authors: Smith Nathan , Peters Dorian , Jay Caroline , Sandal Gro M , Barrett Emma C , Wuebker Robert
Published: February 2023

During future long-duration space exploration missions, humans will be exposed to combinations of extreme physical, psychological, and interpersonal demands. These demands create risks for the safety, performance, health, and well-being of both individuals and crew. The communication latency in deep space means that explorers will increasingly have to operate independently and take responsibility for their own self-care and self-management. At present, several research programs are focused on developing and testing digital technologies and countermeasures that support the effective functioning of deep space crews. Although promising, these initiatives have been stimulated mostly by technological opportunity rather than cogent theory. In this perspective, we argue that digital technologies developed for spaceflight should be informed by well-being–supportive design principles and be cognizant of broader conversations around the development and use of digital health applications, especially pertaining to issues of autonomy, privacy, and trust. These issues are important for designing potentially mission-critical health technologies and may be determining factors in the safe and successful completion of future off-world endeavors.
Electronic Health Record–Based Absolute Risk Prediction Model for Esophageal Cancer in the Chinese Population: Model Development and External Validation
Authors: Han Yuting , Zhu Xia , Hu Yizhen , Yu Canqing , Guo Yu , Hang Dong , Pang Yuanjie , Pei Pei , Ma Hongxia , Sun Dianjianyi , Yang Ling , Chen Yiping , Du Huaidong , Yu Min , Chen Junshi , Chen Zhengming , Huo Dezheng , Jin Guangfu , Lv Jun , Hu Zhibin , Shen Hongbing , Li Liming
Published: February 2023

Background

China has the largest burden of esophageal cancer (EC). Prediction models can be used to identify high-risk individuals for intensive lifestyle interventions and endoscopy screening. However, the current prediction models are limited by small sample size and a lack of external validation, and none of them can be embedded into the booming electronic health records (EHRs) in China.

Objective

This study aims to develop and validate absolute risk prediction models for EC in the Chinese population. In particular, we assessed whether models that contain only EHR-available predictors performed well.

Methods

A prospective cohort recruiting 510,145 participants free of cancer from both high EC-risk and low EC-risk areas in China was used to develop EC models. Another prospective cohort of 18,441 participants was used for validation. A flexible parametric model was used to develop a 10-year absolute risk model by considering the competing risks (full model). The full model was then abbreviated by keeping only EHR-available predictors. We internally and externally validated the models by using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration plots and compared them based on classification measures.

Results

During a median of 11.1 years of follow-up, we observed 2550 EC incident cases. The models consisted of age, sex, regional EC-risk level (high-risk areas: 2 study regions; low-risk areas: 8 regions), education, family history of cancer (simple model), smoking, alcohol use, BMI (intermediate model), physical activity, hot tea consumption, and fresh fruit consumption (full model). The performance was only slightly compromised after the abbreviation. The simple and intermediate models showed good calibration and excellent discriminating ability with AUCs (95% CIs) of 0.822 (0.783-0.861) and 0.830 (0.792-0.867) in the external validation and 0.871 (0.858-0.884) and 0.879 (0.867-0.892) in the internal validation, respectively.

Conclusions

Three nested 10-year EC absolute risk prediction models for Chinese adults aged 30-79 years were developed and validated, which may be particularly useful for populations in low EC-risk areas. Even the simple model with only 5 predictors available from EHRs had excellent discrimination and good calibration, indicating its potential for broader use in tailored EC prevention. The simple and intermediate models have the potential to be widely used for both primary and secondary prevention of EC.
Investigating the Secondary Use of Clinical Research Data: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Waithira Naomi , Kestelyn Evelyne , Chotthanawathit Keitcheya , Osterrieder Anne , Mukaka Mavuto , Lang Trudie , Cheah Phaik Yeong
Published: February 2023

Background

The increasing emphasis to share patient data from clinical research has resulted in substantial investments in data repositories and infrastructure. However, it is unclear how shared data are used and whether anticipated benefits are being realized.

Objective

The purpose of our study is to examine the current utilization of shared clinical research data sets and assess the effects on both scientific research and public health outcomes. Additionally, the study seeks to identify the factors that hinder or facilitate the ethical and efficient use of existing data based on the perspectives of data users.

Methods

The study will utilize a mixed methods design, incorporating a cross-sectional survey and in-depth interviews. The survey will involve at least 400 clinical researchers, while the in-depth interviews will include 20 to 40 participants who have utilized data from repositories or institutional data access committees. The survey will target a global sample, while the in-depth interviews will focus on individuals who have used data collected from low- and middle-income countries. Quantitative data will be summarized by using descriptive statistics, while multivariable analyses will be used to assess the relationships between variables. Qualitative data will be analyzed through thematic analysis, and the findings will be reported in accordance with the COREQ (Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research) guidelines. The study received ethical approval from the Oxford Tropical Research Ethics Committee in 2020 (reference number: 568-20).

Results

The results of the analysis, including both quantitative data and qualitative data, will be available in 2023.

Conclusions

The outcomes of our study will offer crucial understanding into the current status of data reuse in clinical research, serving as a basis for guiding future endeavors to enhance the utilization of shared data for the betterment of public health outcomes and for scientific progress.

Trial Registration

Thai Clinical Trials Registry TCTR20210301006; https://tinyurl.com/2p9atzhr

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/44875
Ambulance services attendance for mental health and overdose before and during COVID-19: an interrupted time series comparison of regions in Canada and the United Kingdom (Preprint)
Authors: Law Graham , Cooper Rhiannon , Melissa Pirrie , Richard Ferron , Brent McLeod , Spaight Robert , Siriwardena A Niroshan , Agarwal Gina
Published: February 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic impacted mental health and healthcare systems globally. This study examined its impact on ambulance attendances for mental health and overdose, comparing similar regions in the United Kingdom (UK) and Canada that implemented different public health measures.

Methods: An interrupted time series study using 182,497 ambulance attendance records for mental health and overdose in the UK (East Midlands region) and Canada (Hamilton and Niagara regions) from Jan 1, 2019 to July 31, 2020. Negative binomial regressions modelled the count of attendances per week per 100 000 population prior to the pandemic, at lockdown, and in the weeks following lockdown. Stratified analyses were conducted by sex and age.

Results: Ambulance attendances for mental health and overdose had very small week-over-week increases prior to lockdown (e.g., IRR=1.002, 95%CI 1.002-1.003 for mental health [UK]). However, substantial changes were observed at the time of lockdown; while the rate of overdose attendances significantly dropped in the study regions of both countries (IRR=0.573, 95%CI 0.518-0.635 [UK]; IRR=0.743, 95%CI 0.602-0.917 [Canada]), the rate of mental health attendances increased in the UK region only (IRR=1.125, 95%CI 1.031-1.227 [UK]; IRR=0.922, 95%CI 0.794-1.071 [Canada]). Different trends were observed based on sex and age category within and between study regions.

Conclusions: The observed changes in ambulance attendances for mental health and overdose at the time of lockdown differed between the UK and Canada study regions. These results may inform future pandemic planning and further research on the public health measures that may explain observed regional differences.
Efficient Use of Biological Data in the Web 3.0 Era by Applying Nonfungible Token Technology (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Guanyi , Chen Chen , Jiang Ziyu , Li Gang , Wu Can , Li Sheng
Published: February 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

CryptoKitties, a trendy game on Ethereum that is an open-source public blockchain platform with a smart contract function, brought nonfungible tokens (NFTs) into the public eye in 2017. NFTs are popular because of their nonfungible properties and their unique and irreplaceable nature in the real world. The embryonic form of NFTs can be traced back to a P2P network protocol improved based on Bitcoin in 2012 that can realize decentralized digital asset transactions. NFTs have recently gained much attention and have shown an unprecedented explosive growth trend. Herein, the concept of digital asset NFTs is introduced into the medical and health field to conduct a subversive discussion on biobank operations. By converting biomedical data into NFTs, the collection and circulation of samples can be accelerated, and the transformation of resources can be promoted. In conclusion, the biobank can achieve sustainable development through “decentralization.”
Public engagement with COVID-19 vaccination across social media in Iraq (Preprint)
Authors: Omar Bali Ahmed , Ramazan Araz , Lee , Ka Yiu
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

Vaccination is a critical component of the prevention of communicable diseases and is one of the most effective public health interventions. In today's world, social media is an important source of health and medical information. It is crucial to understand the link between social media involvement and influenza vaccination, since it might be applied to other vaccinations, such as those for COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine public engagement with COVID-19 vaccination across social media in Iraq.

METHODS

It represents an empirical survey to investigate the public engagement with the COVID-19 vaccine on social media. in Iraq. It has used a web-based questionnaire administered through Google Forms (n=2088) to elicit responses from Iraqi social media users, aged 18 years and over.

RESULTS

The research empirically revealed a lower level of vaccination engagement across social media and the findings suggested significant differences between public engagement due to level of use of social media and demographic backgrounds, particularly age, educational attainment, and income. Active users and young aged groups with less educational level and income were more likely to have a positive attitude toward vaccination engagement.

CONCLUSIONS

Theoretically, this group is less powerful and influential in the society compared to the group who are more aged and have higher educational degrees and income. Hence, future studies should address demographics and the extent of using social media factors in public health studies. It is hoped that our findings will support the authorities in terms of using social media in raising health awareness to engage people successfully in the health system.
Attributes That Influence Human Decision-Making in Complex Health Services: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Doreswamy Nandini , Horstmanshof Louise
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

Humans currently dominate decision-making in both clinical health services and complex health services such as health policy and health regulation. Many assumptions inherent in health service models today are underpinned by Ramsey’s Expected Utility Theory, a prominent theory in the field of economics that is rooted in rationality. Rational, evidence-based metrics currently dominate the culture of decision-making in health policy and regulation. However, as the COVID-19 pandemic has shown, rational metrics alone may not suffice in making better policy and regulatory decisions. There are ethical and moral considerations and other complex factors that cannot be reduced to evidence-based rationality alone. Therefore, this scoping review was undertaken to identify and map the attributes that influence human decision-making in complex health services.

OBJECTIVE

The objective is to identify and map the attributes that influence human decision-making in complex health services that have been reported in the peer-reviewed literature.

METHODS

This scoping review was designed to answer the following research question: what attributes have been reported in the literature that influence human decision-making in complex health services? A clear, reproducible methodology is provided. It is reported in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) standards and a recognized framework. As the topic of interest merited broad review to scope and understand literature from a holistic viewpoint, a scoping review of literature was appropriate here. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were developed, and a database search undertaken within 4 search systems—ProQuest, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science.

RESULTS

The results span 46 years, from 1976 to 2022. A total of 167 papers were identified. After removing duplicates, 81 papers remained. Of these, 77 papers were excluded based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The remaining 4 papers were found to be relevant. Citation tracking was undertaken, identifying 4 more relevant papers. Thus, a total of 8 papers were included. These papers were reviewed in detail to identify the human attributes mentioned and count the frequency of mentions. A thematic analysis was conducted to identify the themes.

CONCLUSIONS

The results highlight key themes that underline the complex and nuanced nature of human decision-making. The results suggest that rationality is entrenched and may influence the lexicon of our thinking about decision-making. The results also highlight the counter narrative of decision-making underpinned by uniquely human attributes. This may have ramifications for decision-making in complex health services today. The review itself takes a rational approach, and the methods used were suited to this.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/42353
Menilik Kehidupan Kelompok Muda Marginal dan Perubahan Sosial di Dunia Selatan
Authors: Fauzan Nurul Firdiani , Marendra Patrisius Favian Defi
Published: February 2023

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Mengulik Pengalaman Konstruksi Identitas Dan Belonging Pemuda secara Global
Authors: Pramesti Salsabella Adista Trisnu
Published: February 2023

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Pengantar Redaksi
Authors: Pemuda Jurnal Studi
Published: February 2023

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Diferensiasi Diri: Berkontribusi Lebih Besar Terhadap Kesehatan Mental dalam Pandemi Dibandingkan Religiositas?
Authors: Aditya Yonathan , Martoyo Ihan , Amir Yulmaida
Published: February 2023

Beberapa riset menunjukkan kontribusi religiositas terhadap kesehatan mental selama pandemi tidak selalu seperti yang diharapkan. Penelitian ini berusaha melihat kaitan konsep diferensiasi diri dari teori keluarga Bowen dalam kontribusi religiositas terhadap kesehatan mental. Responden penelitian ini berjumlah 1574 mahasiswa dari 16 universitas di Jabodetabek. Hasil hierarchical multiple regression menemukan dimensi behaving dari 4-BDRS justru memberikan kontribusi negatif pada kesehatan mental sedangkan dimensi maintaining identity dari diferensiasi diri berkontribusi positif pada kesehatan mental.  Implikasi dari hasil ini akan dijelaskan.  Some research shows that the contribution of religiosity to mental health during a pandemic is not always as expected. This study seeks to examine the relationship between the concept of self-differentiation from Bowen's family theory in the contribution of religiosity to mental health. The respondents of this research were 1574 students from 16 universities in Jabodetabek. The results of hierarchical multiple regression found that the behaving dimension of 4-BDRS actually gave a negative contribution to mental health, while the dimension of maintaining identity from self-differentiation contributed positively to mental health. The implications of these results will be explained.
Bureaucracy in the Service of Law: Holding Chinese Controlling Shareholders Accountable
Authors: Mitchel Ezra Wasserman
Published: February 2023

Common law style fiduciary duty has existed in Chinese Company Law as a statutory matter since 2006 and, by at least one account, far longer in practice. But most of the literature has pronounced it a failure, or, at best, a slowly developing doctrine. All of this literature deals with fiduciary duty in privately-held companies, because that is where virtually all of the cases take place. Yet proposed amendments to the China Company Law double down on fiduciary duty.Company Law also provides for controlling shareholder liability, but cases are few and far between, and virtually non-existent in listed State-Owned Enterprises.How can fiduciary duty be adapted to Chinese institutions in order for it to succeed? My research finds that recent judicial enforcement of fiduciary duty is quite healthy in privately-held companies, at least in Shanghai. Although doctrinal analysis is almost non-existent, Shanghai judges know a fiduciary breach when they see one and possess the statutory means to redress it.Matters are also well when it comes to holding controlling shareholders accountable in privately-held companies. Although the controlling shareholder statute is rarely used, it is the case that virtually all of the defendants in fiduciary duty cases – directors, officers, and senior managers – are almost always shareholders in these companies, if not controlling shareholders, so the effect of liability, disgorgement, and damages is largely the same as if they had been sued as shareholders.The real problem is the virtually non-existent legal accountability of controlling shareholders in mixed ownership enterprises and especially listed SOEs. The problem is institutional. This article proposes a way to situate fiduciary enforcement within the appropriate and suitable Chinese bureaucratic tradition rather than to continue to try to force adjudicative methods where they have failed and will continue to fail because of structural, political, and cultural impediments, thus creating a uniquely Chinese way of controlling shareholder fiduciary enforcement.
A Systematic Review of the Influencing Factors of Sharing Economy Platform
Authors: YUSHAN CHEN
Published: February 2023

With the rise of sharing economy in recent years in China, the study of value co-creation in the context of sharing economy has begun to develop. Although the number of literature is relatively limited, it is the hot spot and trend of research and development in China. Nowadays, the research in this field has gradually expanded from the related theoretical concept of value co-creation to practical marketing scenarios such as consumer service experience, service innovation, and sharing economy. At the same time, the application research gradually tends to customer experience, customer value, and other customer perspective research. Start from “value co-creation and service leading logic” to “Customer participation, satisfaction, and loyalty” and then to the direction of “service innovation and service quality” evolution. Nowadays, the research trend of value co-creation is based on the basic theory of value co-creation and service-oriented logic.
Enhancement of Glimepiride Bioavailability by Co-Crystallization Technique
Authors: Zidan Mohamed F. , Afouna Mohsen I. , Ismael Hatem R. , Ibrahim Mohamed F.
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Drugs with low aqueous solubility show limited oral bioavaibility and dissolution enhancement is a promising strategy for improving drug bioavailability. Co-crystallization is a promising technique used to improve the oral solubility and dissolution rate of the drugs and hence their oral bioavailability. In general pharmaceutical co-crystals improve the physical properties such as crystallinity, solubility, wettability and dissolution behaviors of the drug without altering its pharmacological activity. The aim of this study was to enhance the solubility, dissolution rate and limited oral bioavailability of glimepiride (GLM) by cocrystallization with different carboxylic acid co-formers. Different co-crystal formulations were successfully prepared by ultrasound assisted suspension co-crystallization technique and then suspected to solubility study to choose the best formula to complete the study. Co-crystal of glimepiride -oxalic acid was characterized by X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and then further evaluated for dissolution behavior. The result showed that co-crystal could increase solubility and dissolution rate of glimepiride. The results of XRPD, FTIR and DSC indicating the presence of a new crystalline phase and formation of cocrystal while the SEM micrograph revealed the definite shape with crystalline composition of co-crystal. In vivo bioavailability study in rats showed higher Cmax , longer t1/2 el and MRT0-∞ and increased AUC0-∞ of 2.66 fold compared to the plain GLM. Therefore, co-crystallization technique can be expected to represent a promising tool for enhanced delivery of glimepiride.
A Review on Medicinal Bamboo: An Ancient Source Towards Healthy Lifestyle
Authors: Jain Mr. Khush , Rizwani Ms. Fariah
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Bamboos are reported as the most valuable among other forest reserves, comfortably available and also sustainable. Bamboos are observed to be a group of evergreen perennial flowering plants belonging to the family Poaceae - (subfamilyBambusoideae). As per reports bamboos have huge divergence in nature consisting of around 1400 species and 115 genera. Bamboo species are used over a long ancient period to produce textiles, boats, paper, furniture, and as a food. Their dried leaves are also used to wrap up decorative items and even food items to protect from any contamination. Various bamboo species contains chemical constituents such as flavonoids, phenols, tannins, lignins and polysaccharides. Other characteristic compounds present in bamboo are caffeic acid, orientin, vitexin, p-coumaric acid, isoorientin and chlorogenic acid. There are many reported studies which showing a wide use of bamboo leaves in Ancient history and even in today’s modern world used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, arteriosclerosis and even few forms of cancer. We have many studies and literature emphasizing upon use of bamboo in medicinal practice in Asian region and Southeast Asian region, but there’s a lot more to be explored in Southern American species. This information shows beneficial results in human health, which are of a great interest in the medical nutrition industry which is an industry that emerged for the convergence between the food and pharma industries.
Comparative Analysis of Precast Construction and Conventional Construction of Small-scale Concrete Building in Terms of Cost
Authors: Denagama T. D. , Jayasooriya J.M.S.N.
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Building a house is one of the basic needs of humans. To build a house with high durability and low cost, engineer A.N.S. Kulasinghe introduced the pre-cast concrete technology in late 1940’s. According to past studies, National Engineering Research and Development (NERD) Centre precast items are used in housing and other constructions and those details were collected by literature review. Objective of this study is updating the cost effectiveness of pre-cast concrete construction of a small-scale building. Data were collected from the NERD Centre and few pre-stressed concrete yards during the months of June to July 2019 by using face-to-face interviews. After the analysis of obtained data, it was found that there were differences between the costs of items among pre-cast concrete technology and conventional concrete construction technology. Overall cost comparison was done to single story building and two story building separately using cost rates of conventional method and pre-cast method. The outcome of the analysis revealed that, 30% - 38% of cost effectiveness can be obtained using pre-cast methods for single story building and using those methods for two story building, 29% - 32% of cost effectiveness can be gained.
Гандуу бүсийн ургамлын орон зайн тархалт: тюрингийн хэлбэршил ус гачиг нөхцөлд илрэх нь
Authors: Шима Кэйта , Хошино Бухо , Тянь Инь , Золжаргал Э. , Сайшаалт Б. , Наянтай Н. , Мягмаржав И. , Мягмарцэрэн П. , Төрөмч Б.
Published: February 2023

Since the plants in the Gobi desert region are sparsely distributed on a vast bare field, it is extremely difficult to accurately observe from the satellite. For this reason, the reflectance of dry soil is very high and the reflectance of slightly distributed plants is eliminated by soil reflection. As a result, the pixel’s Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) value of desert plants shows a smaller value than the ground measurement. In this study, we succeeded to analyze the Turing (1952) pattern of vegetation abundance using the method of spectral un-mixing for satellite data of the Gobi plants. It is shown that the fraction of the vegetation endmember after pixel un-mixing has a remarkably high correlation (R2=0.51 in Landsat-8 and R2=0.41 in Sentinel-2) with the ground truth value of vegetation coverage.
Нутаг дэвсгэрийн нэгжийн хил ба газарзүйн элемент хоорондын уялдаа
Authors: Батсүрэн Д. , Алтанболд Э. , Сандэлгэр Д. , Дорлигжав Д. , Болдбаяр Р. , Одхүү Н.
Published: February 2023

Geographical taxon or this issue has been raised as an aspect of the study, as it hasn’t yet been conducted in Mongolia to determine the role of geographical elements and the relationship between them in the taxon boundaries of territorial units. The study was conducted on the example of the geographical boundaries of 21 provinces of Mongolia. The geographical boundaries of the territories are clearly depicted on the map, taking into account the geographical elements, but as of 2019, 19 out of 21 provinces in the country have large and small border disputes. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between the geographical elements that differ in the territorial boundaries of a taxon in the 21 provinces of Mongolia. In the study, measurements were made on geographic mapping materials by identifying, measuring, and comparing different shapes of the boundary to the surface of the area according to morphometric measurements. The results were made with the comparative analysis method. Geographical boundaries were based on the location of low mountains and hills, 44.6 percent of the total border, 17 percent along the ridges and peaks of medium and high mountains, 11.5 percent along large and small rivers, and 9.2 percent along steppe, 7.6 percent along the ridges and peaks of high mountains and ridges, and 5.7 percent in each case accounted for along the longitudinal line of the Geographic Grid System. There were lakes, railways, lake channels, fault, and roads cover 0.2-1.6 percent of the border length. This clearly shows that geographical elements play an important role in defining the boundaries of geographical areas. Detailed demarcation of a territorial taxon by careful consideration of geographical elements are important for monitoring border disputes and territorial integrity.
A study of the Factors Affecting the Population’s Residence in Ulaanbaatar City
Authors: Dorligjav Donorov , Gantulga Gombodorj , Bazarkhand Tsegmid , Byambakhishig Sambuunyam , Enkh-Amgalan Damdinkhorol , Bayantumen Purevdorj , Tsolmon Davaa
Published: February 2023

Ulaanbaatar city is facing many problems such as agglomeration of population, environmental pollution, road congestion, insufficient engineering infrastructure, and inaccessible public services. Therefore, comprehensively developing optimal spatial planning and management to solve these problems is crucial. Based on a detailed study of factors influencing human residence, it is possible to make spatial planning and investment and implement the optimal urban development policy. The spatial correlation was calculated by assuming that factors including universities, secondary schools, kindergartens, workplaces, commercial service centers, and housing will affect the human residence of Ulaanbaatar. In order to compare the outcome of this correlation with the results of empirical research, 306 citizens were surveyed using a random sampling method. The results of the multivariate regression analysis show that the explanatory power of the factors predicted to affect human residence is 63.5% (R²= 0.63), and the most influential variable is the density of secondary schools and kindergartens (28.09). According to the questionnaire, the results of the reliability analysis of the 5 tests that rank the factors influencing the settlement from high to low (from 1 to 5) is 0.67 or moderate reliability, so the assumed 5 factors affect the human settlement. Considering the factors affecting human settlement by age group of the population, the factor that most affects human settlement are housing for the population over 55 years old, secondary schools and kindergartens for the population aged 35-54, workplaces for the population aged 25-34, and universities and workplaces for the population aged 20-24. According to the multivariate regression analysis based on the results of the sample questionnaire, the explanatory power of the 5 factors influencing human settlement is 65 percent (R²= 0.65). The hypothesized factors influence population density (R²= 0.63-0.65) and vary by population age structure. It is necessary to take the above factors into consideration when making urban development policy, spatial planning, and investment, and developing plans that meet the demand.