bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unified field theoretical approach to deep and recurrent neuronal networks
Authors: Segadlo Kai , Epping Bastian , van Meegen Alexander , Dahmen David , Krämer Michael , Helias Moritz
Published: October 2022

Understanding capabilities and limitations of different network architectures is of fundamental importance to machine learning. Bayesian inference on Gaussian processes has proven to be a viable approach for studying recurrent and deep networks in the limit of infinite layer width, n → ∞. Here we present a unified and systematic derivation of the mean-field theory for both architectures that starts from first principles by employing established methods from statistical physics of disordered systems. The theory elucidates that while the mean-field equations are different with regard to their temporal structure, they yet yield identical Gaussian kernels when readouts are taken at a single time point or layer, respectively. Bayesian inference applied to classification then predicts identical performance and capabilities for the two architectures. Numerically, we find that convergence towards the mean-field theory is typically slower for recurrent networks than for deep networks and the convergence speed depends non-trivially on the parameters of the weight prior as well as the depth or number of time steps, respectively. Our method exposes that Gaussian processes are but the lowest order of a systematic expansion in 1/n and we compute next-to-leading-order corrections which turn out to be architecture-specific. The formalism thus paves the way to investigate the fundamental differences between recurrent and deep architectures at finite widths n.
A Drying system for Rhizoma et Radix Baphicacanthis Cusiae Based on multi-source coupling and efficient energy storag
Authors: Song Shibo , Chen Xuanyou , Yang Mei , Zhang Rongchuan
Published: October 2022

The traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine Rhizoma et Radix Baphicacanthis Cusiae mostly grows in Southwest China. However, due to the lack of technology, the key drying process in the production of Rhizoma et Radix Baphicacanthis Cusiae has the problems of low efficiency, long time and uneven quality. The paper designed a drying system of Rhizoma et Radix Baphicacanthis Cusiae based on multi-source coupling and efficient energy storage by investigating the production of Rhizoma et Radix Baphicacanthis Cusiae in southwest China and studying the natural effects of geographical advantages and light conditions in the region. The main body of the system is composed of a two-position water tank heat circulation system, a hemispherical Fresnel lens array, an air source heat pump, a dehumidification and waste heat recovery device, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a heat exchange tube group. The drying system can better meet the drying needs of Chinese herbal medicine Rhizoma et Radix Baphicacanthis Cusiae. It has the advantages of high efficiency, energy conservation and environmental protection, stable operation, and can independently adjust according to the drying temperature. It has strong practicability. While saving energy, it saves high drying cost for farmers, and meets the special requirements of building intelligent agriculture and enriching rural economic business forms.
Research on Flexible HVDC Converter Valve and VBC Redundancy Reliability Improvement
Authors: Lu JianLiang , Li Xiao , Tang RuBin , Wang ChengHao , Wu SiJie , He ZhenYu , Hu Rong
Published: October 2022

Flexible HVDC transmission play an important role in building a strong smart grid, and it is also very important to design a reliable redundant system for the converter valves and the valve-base controller (VBC). In order to improve the redundancy of the current valve control system, firstly, this paper proposed a new redundant configuration scheme for flexible HVDC converter valve and VBC. Secondly, this paper proposed a switching logic and switching time sequence for the redundant link, in order to make all VBC board hot-swappable when the HVDC system is in operation. Finally, depend on the “Baihetan-Jiangsu” HVDC project, the RTLAB-based test platform was established, which verified the correctness of the redundant system design. The test result shows that the designed scheme improves the redundant system reliability of the flexible HVDC system, and has well-referenced value.
Design of EL defect detection system for photovoltaic power station modules
Authors: Li Na , Fan Tao , Yan Shiqi , Wu Ziang
Published: October 2022

In recent years, the photovoltaic power generation industry has been vigorously promoted and developed, while the solar cell as its core component may have micro-crack defects, which directly affect the power generation efficiency and stability of the photovoltaic system. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt a low-cost, efficient and flexible method to detect defects in solar cells. At present, most of the existing micro-cracks detection is carried out in the laboratory, and there is no EL micro-cracks detection in the actual photovoltaic power station. The main purpose of this paper is to design a set of EL defect detection system that can be used for actual photovoltaic power station modules, which is different from the traditional laboratory-level or module-level defect detection, and to carry the designed detection algorithm to the integrated device to operate. Experiments have shown that the system can perform real-time detection of photovoltaic module defects based on the string level, which improves the detection efficiency while saving time and cost, and shows good performance.
Research on Reactive Voltage Control of Distribution Network with Distributed Photovoltaic Sources
Authors: Chen Shuhao , Yuan Ting , Lin Fei
Published: October 2022

Aiming at the problem that the voltage of multiple nodes exceeds the limit after the distributed photovoltaic source is connected, a reactive voltage control method of distribution network is proposed. It modeled the distribution network system with distributed photovoltaic sources, determined the maximum photovoltaic output and adjustable amount, and calculated the power flow. The line loss can be obtained from the node voltage and rated power, and the power distribution of each branch of the whole network can be further obtained. This paper analyzed the influence of photovoltaic power access on the voltage quality of the distribution network from the perspective of power. It calculated the reactive output power of reactive power compensation equipment of upstream and downstream nodes. In this paper, the active power of distributed generation is locally reduced at each out-of-limit node to control the voltage. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the relationship between photovoltaic output and voltage, and realize the correction of photovoltaic regulation. Therefore, it can reduce the risk of voltage out of limit and improve the voltage quality.
Study on direct refrigerant cooling for lithium-ion batteries of electric vehicles
Authors: Wu Haowen
Published: October 2022

For the purpose of improving the working efficiency of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles (EVs), prevent battery catching fire and improve the economy of battery thermal management systems (BTMS), in this study a BTMS simulation model with direct cooling struct is built. The evaporator in the cooling circuit of the battery cells directly exchanges heat with the batteries. The performance of models using conventional R134a and environmentally friendly R1234yf was investigated without changing the model structure. The results show that: in normal temperature environment, the BTMS can effectively restrain the battery temperature from rising, the battery temperature would be suppressed under 305 K, the minimum difference of battery pack maximum temperature (T

max
) and energy consumption of the BTMS using two refrigerants is 2 K and 2.3% respectively; when the working temperature is high, the BTMS can quickly drop the cells temperature below 313 K, and the shortest time difference that falling to 313K, is only 66s, and the minimum power consumption difference is 3.2%.
Design and implementation of energy consumption acquisition device based on ESP32
Authors: Zhang Kai , Lv HongFang
Published: October 2022

In recent years, due to the vigorous development of China’s economy and society, the country’s energy use is increasingly high, and the demand is very large. Effectively reducing power consumption while ensuring economic and social development has become a very important issue that the whole Chinese economy and society are concerned about. Based on this, a device energy consumption acquisition device is proposed in this paper. The hardware adopts ESP32 microprocessor as the core controller, and the current type current transformer is used to collect the voltage and current signal data of the device. Arduino software is used to design the acquisition program and output energy consumption data. Finally, the device is tested, and the results show that the device can collect energy consumption data of the equipment.
Research on Sodium-ion Batteries in New Energy Storage
Authors: Bao Congying , Jiang Fenggeng , Tian Yu
Published: October 2022

In recent years, energy storage is becoming one of the key technologies used in many countries to advance the process of carbon neutrality. Even in the face of the dual pressures of the new crown epidemic and supply chain shortages, in 2021, the global new energy storage market will still maintain a high speed growth trend. In 2021, the installed capacity of newly commissioned electric energy storage projects in the world will be 18.3GW, a year-on-year increase of 185%. Among them, the newly commissioned scale of new energy storage will be the largest, and it will exceed 10GW for the first time, reaching 10.2GW, which is the new investment in 2020. It was 2.2 times the scale of transportation, a year-on-year increase of 117%. The United States, China and Europe continue to lead the development of the global energy storage market, together accounting for 80% of the global market.
Intelligent lighting control system based on Internet of things technology
Authors: Wang QiYuan , Lv HongFang
Published: October 2022

With the rapid development of the economy[1], the number of cars in our country continues to increase, underground parking garages have become commercial centers, supporting facilities in large residential areas, the number of underground garages is increasing, and the energy consumption of underground garage lighting systems is also rising. This question proposes an intelligent lighting control system based on the Internet of Things technology, studies the wifi protocol, wireless mesh networking technology, the Internet of Things cloud platform and other technologies. Based on the ESP32 chip, the terminal lighting control node is designed and developed, which cooperates with the sensor to realize the detection of personnel movement and light intensity information. The terminal lighting node controls the brightness and switch of the lamps according to this information, and realizes the effect of turning on the lights when the car arrives and turning off the lights when the car leaves, so as to achieve energy-saving control purpose.
Design of a Sampling System for Wide Range nano-current Signal
Authors: Zheng Sha , Shi Junbiao , Chen Yonggang , Gui Peng , Liu Wenyang , Guo Shuai , Zhang Yuhuan
Published: October 2022

Space particle radiation will greatly shorten the service life of basic components, resulting in premature failure of aircraft. For newly developed electronic components for space applications, strict anti irradiation performance evaluation must be carried out to master their working characteristics and performance degradation mechanism in space irradiation environment, so as to provide a reliable guarantee for the safe operation of aerospace electronic equipment in orbit. Taking high-voltage power devices such as SiC MOSFET and IGBT as the research object, this paper designs a high-precision weak current signal acquisition and measurement system to continuously monitor its working current under specific track applications, so as to verify the mechanism of space radiation effect and the effectiveness of reinforcement technology. The experimental results show that the system has the advantages of wide range, low noise, high precision and good stability. It can be applied to the experimental verification of high-voltage power devices in various space environments, including space station orbit.
Method for weakening cogging torque of built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor by auxiliary slot
Authors: Huang Hongjian , Wang Xudong
Published: October 2022

The cogging torque is an unavoidable property of the permanent magnet motor, which will cause the motor to generate vibration and noise during the movement, and deteriorate the motor performance. In order to decrease the cogging torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, by analyzing the cogging torque expression, it is known that opening auxiliary slots in the rotor can decrease the cogging torque. Influence of slot pitch on cogging torque. The simulation results show that when the slot depth is 0.6mm, the slot width is 1.7mm and the slot spacing is 1.56, the cogging torque is most obvious reduced, and the cogging torque is decreased by 53.6% compared to the non-grooved state.
Design and research of cable channel fire extinguishing temperature sensing module
Authors: Liu Sanwei , Duan Xiaoli , Huang Fuyong , Duan Jianjia , Gong Liang , He Du
Published: October 2022

As the core equipment of urban power supply, once the cable is on fire, it will have a great impact on the economy and people’s livelihood. Cable passage fire extinguishing equipment is a reliable infrastructure to eliminate cable fire, and detection components are the key to correct and timely action of fire extinguishing equipment. This paper designs a temperature detection module based on DS18B20, and discusses the design principle from the aspects of internal structure, command sequence, signal mode and so on.
Diesel engine calculation of steady state filtration characteristics of metal fibrous felt particulates filter
Authors: Xu JiaFeng , Liu Peng , Wang JianLi , Song SiHong , Ruan Yu , Li HaiMing , Wang ZhiBin
Published: October 2022

Metal fibrous felt particulates filter has the advantages of high mechanical strength, long service life, large dust capacity, high filtration accuracy, low resistance loss and high temperature resistance. In order to obtain the influence of structural parameters of metal fibrous felt on the characteristics of steady-state filtration efficiency, the effects of structural parameters of filter material such as porosity, fiber felt thickness and fiber diameter on steady-state capture efficiency under different filtration speeds are theoretically calculated and analyzed by using numerical calculation method. The results show that the structural parameters have an important impact on the steady-state filtration efficiency, which must be controlled within a reasonable range. Reducing the surface filtration speed to less than 0.1m/s can effectively improve the filtration efficiency. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the selection of structural parameters of metal fiber felt filter material, and has important research value.
Application of power metering automation in online loss management
Authors: Liu Liyang
Published: October 2022

The electric power industry is a very important fundamental industry in China’s social and economic development and innovation project, which has an extremely crucial influence on the development and construction of traditional industries, construction industries and information technology fields. In order to accelerate the process of urbanization and construction of a well-off society, power-related enterprises should carry out scientific and standardized supervision and management on generation, transportation, transformation, configuration and the use of electricity, the aim is to ensure that they can comply with rule of the national standards and the needs of social development.
Effect of welding time on the joint organization and mechanical properties of 6063 aluminum alloy
Authors: Li Qi , Liu Hongjiang , Zeng Yan , Liu Fengmei , Gao Haitao , He Huang
Published: October 2022

The 6063 Aluminum alloy brazing joint was prepared with the Al-Si12 solder. The effect of welding time on the structure and shear properties of brazing weld is studied and the interface is analyzed. The study shows that the spreading performance of brder gradually increases with the welding time, the shear strength of the 6063 aluminum alloy joint increase first and then decreases with the increase of the welding time. When the optimal brazing process is 605°C 15min, the interface between Al-Si12 solder and aluminum alloy is good, and the shear strength is 122.4MPa. To ensure the bonding strength of 6063 aluminum alloy, the optimal insulation time of brazing is 15min.
Theoretical design and electronic properties study of two-dimensional Si2S
Authors: Jiang Tao , Liu Chun-Sheng
Published: October 2022

The zero band gap and air instability seriously of silicene limit its application in logic devices. By introducing the group VI elements, the band gap and stability of silicene will be adjusted. In this research, we propose a new two-dimensional material, Si2S. Si2S has excellent dynamic stability and thermal stability. AIMD simulations show that Si2S can maintain structural integrity at a temperature of 600 K. Si2S has an indirect band gap of 1.93 eV. The indirect band gap can be transformed into a direct band gap under the uniaxial strain along x direction or biaxial strain. The calculated carrier mobility of Si2S is anisotropic and the highest carrier mobility of Si2S is 182.72 cm2 V−1 S−1. The band gap and carrier mobility of Si2S are comparable with that of monolayer MoS2, which makes it promising to be used in the field of nanoelectronics.
Study of Measuring True Porosity of Ceramic samples by X-ray Transmission Method
Authors: Shao Jinfa , Hou Yucun , Li Rongwu , Pan Qiuli , Cheng Lin
Published: October 2022

This paper reports a method for measuring the true porosity of ceramic samples based on X-ray transmission. The measurement of the true porosity of ancient Ding kiln white porcelain and two daily white porcelains was carried out by X-ray transmission method. The research results show that the average true porosity of ancient Ding kiln white porcelain, daily white porcelain A, and daily white porcelain B measured by the X-ray transmission method is 5.44%, 9.10%, and 13.97%, respectively; and the values measured by the suspension method were 5.35%, 8.43%, and 12.89%, respectively. Although the true porosity values of the ceramic samples measured by the X-ray transmission method are slightly larger than the measurement value of the suspension method, they are in good agreement with each other. In addition, compared with the suspension method, the X-ray transmission method has significant advantages such as simple operation and short measurement time.
Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Growth of Helium Bubbles in Silicon
Authors: Wang Jianguang , Cui Haoxiong , Cheng Guoan , Wu Xiaoling , Zheng Ruiting
Published: October 2022

Porous silicon has broad application prospects in the fields of Optics and catalysis. Manufacturing helium bubbles in silicon is one of the effective methods to prepare porous silicon. However, the research on the optimal parameters of this preparation technology and the growth mechanism of helium bubbles in silicon is not deep enough. In this paper, the experimental method of Ic + A is adopted. Firstly, 200 keV He ions (5 × 1016ions / cm2) was implanted into monocrystalline silicon at room temperature, subsequent the effects of different annealing temperatures on the growth of helium bubbles in silicon were studied. It is found that after annealing at 400 °C and below, there are only some fine structures of interstitial particles in monocrystalline silicon samples. At the annealing temperature of 500 °C ~ 800 °C, two sizes of helium bubble structures appear in the defect layer, and the diameter of helium bubble increases with the increase of annealing temperature.
ACBM: attention-based CNN and Bi-LSTM model for continuous identity authentication
Authors: Mao Rui , Wang Xiaoyu , Ji Heming
Published: October 2022

With the evolution of network attack methods, implicit continuous identity authentication technology has attracted more and more attention. Among them, keystroke dynamics is widely used because it does not need the assistance of devices other than keyboards. In this paper, we propose a keystroke dynamic identity authentication model based on deep learning. This model combines convolutional neural network (CNN), bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (BI-LSTM), and the attention mechanism. Unlike most existing models that only use keystroke time as the feature vector, this model uses keystroke content and keystroke time as the feature vector. First, CNN is used to process feature vectors. Then the normalized vector is input into the bi-LSTM network for training. The model in this paper is tested using Buffalo open data set. The results show that FRR (False Reject Rate), FAR (False Accept Rate), and EER(Equal Error Rate) are 3.09%, 3.03%, and 4.23%, respectively. The validity and accuracy of the model in continuous identity authentication are proved.
Metric Based Dynamic Control Charts for Edge Anomaly Detection in Factory Logistics
Authors: Eschemann Patrick , Borchers Philipp , Lisiecki Dennis , Krauskopf Jan Elmar
Published: October 2022

The optimization of transport logistics in production environments is a holistic task for the factory of the future. Autonomous guided vehicles that perform transport jobs in factories are facing this challenge and have to detect, react and prepare to unforeseen changes and anomalies in the production system. Due to data protection concerns, details like production plans are often not available for an external transportation system. Hence the anomaly detection has to be based on self-collected and observed data of the transport system like occurred transport needs or the evolution of internal metrics. In this paper we infused a production system with manufacturing process anomalies and demonstrate a detection based on the observation of transport needs to overcome the gab caused by restricted information. For that detection we extended classic control charts to work with expected values based on learned dynamic production characteristics. The system sets a tolerance field as narrow as possible around dynamically determined values, resulting in an average precision of 95% for detection unusual number of transport jobs.
Bi-level Optimizations of Multi-Components Virtual Power Plant for Economic Dispatch and Renewable Utilization
Authors: Shen Liwei , Lv Yueqiu , Liu Bei , Shen Xu , Zhan Yanqi , Li Qinmiao
Published: October 2022

The significant injections of renewable power have been leading to risks of safety and stability of power system by curtailing system inertia. Based on the requirement of ‘carbon neutralization’ policy, independent participants including energy storage (ES), load demand response (LDR) and virtual power plant (VPP) are introduced into system as innovative ancillary service methods. This paper proposes a bi-level optimization method to achieve the economic dispatch of multi-components virtual power plant consisting with gas generator, PV, wind turbine, energy storage and electricity vehicle in the day-ahead optimization, while achieving the maximum renewable power utilization in the real-time optimization by adjusting dispatch plan. This method considers constraints including solar/wind power forecasting, load level forecasting, ES charging/discharging constraints, and DC power flow limits. A case study based on practical project is present, showing that the bi-level optimization is capable of achieving diversified resources aggregation in extended region, as well as the economic optimization and green energy consumption target.
Combined feed-forward control strategy for LCL-type grid-connected inverters
Authors: Wang Lu , Zhang Yiming , Wang Xuhong
Published: October 2022

LCL-type grid-connected filter circuits are widely used for line network transmission because of their high ability to suppress current harmonics. However, due to the presence of resonance points in this third-order circuit, the system can generate severe oscillations. In order to improve power quality, a combined feed-forward factor control strategy is proposed in this paper. The control system introduces a combined feed-forward factor and incorporates the idea of dual PI control to ensure that the order of the system is reduced while improving its stability, followed by a detailed derivation of the constraint equations for each link parameter. The simulation verifies that the control scheme can regulate the output voltage of the line network and effectively reduce the harmonic content of the line network, providing a reference for reducing the harmonic content of grid-connected currents in engineering.
Urban Integrated Energy Edge Collaboration and Privacy Protection Based on the Federated Learning Framework
Authors: Lv Dongdong , Zhang Xiaohui , Zhu Guangping , Wang Jing , Li Wenjing
Published: October 2022

In the context of building a low-carbon integrated energy city, the energy data of electricity, water, heat, gas and other in city belong to different public utility management departments, and there are information barriers and data privacy protection issues between different energy systems. Under the premise of ensuring data security, aiming at the problem of training algorithm models for different energy data, the energy edge collaboration architecture based on homomorphic encrypted federated learning is proposed firstly, and then the urban comprehensive energy federated learning model is established to realize the local training model and transmit the updated model parameters to the server. Finally, the prediction of multivariate short-term loads by federated learning framework training and centralized training neural network models is verified by comparative experiments, and the results prove the feasibility and superiority of urban integrated energy edge collaboration and privacy protection based on federated learning framework in the field of urban integrated energy.
The Effect of Dosage and Biochar Types On the Availability Of Phosphorus Nutrients In Acid Soil In Sebatik, Indonesia
Authors: Mansyur N.I , Pudjiwati E.H , Rizki T.N
Published: October 2022

The low availability of P nutrients is one of the problems in managing acid land in Sebatik. The low availability of P in acidic soils is due to the low soil pH and the high Al-exch solubility. One of the efforts to increase the availability of P is by increasing the soil pH and reducing the solubility of Exchangeable Al through the addition of a soil amendment agent, namely biochar. This study aims to determine: 1) the effect of the type of biochar on P availability; 2) the effect of biochar dose on P nutrient availability; and 3) the effect of the combination of types and dosage of biochar on the availability of P in acid soils in Sebatik. The study was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) 2 factors, namely the type of biochar (coconut shell and palm shell) and the dosage of biochar (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 g), resulting in 8 treatment combinations, repeated 3 times. produced 24 experimental units, which were incubated at 0, 21 and 42 days. The parameters observed were soil pH, C-organik content, Exchangeable Al solubility, and available P-soil. The results of this study indicate that the type and dose of biochar can increase the availability of P from very low to medium. The highest availability of P nutrients was obtained in the provision of palm shell biochar (6.36 ppm), a biochar dose of 1.5 g (8.64-8.80 ppm), and in a combination of coconut shell biochar with a dose of 1.5 g (8. 80 ppm).
The Activity of Strawberry Extract as Sunscreen on Guinea Pigs Exposed to Sunlight
Authors: Harahap Elfida Sari , Ginting Chrismis Novalinda , Lubis Yuliani Mardiati , Chiuman Linda
Published: October 2022

Sunscreen that is often used contains synthetic compounds causing undesirable effects such as irritation, allergy, and anaphylactic reactions. One of the natural ingredients with this potential is strawberry. Therefore, this experimental study aims to determine the activity of strawberry extract as a sunscreen on guinea pig skin exposed to sunlight. The 24 guinea pigs used were divided into 4 groups and terminated on day 14, while the changes in the amount of melanin pigment were examined after the treatment. The results showed that the melanin in the skin tissue was reduced after the application of the extract. This indicated that there is a significant effect on the amount of melanin pigment of guinea pig skin tissue exposed to sunlight with F count (741.787) < F-table (4.27) and sig-p = 0.000 < 0.05. Moreover, the decrease in the amount of melanin pigment was higher in group C compared to group D.
Manufacture of LDPE Plastic Waste Briquettes a Mixed Pine Needles and Clay with Various Compositions as Alternative Fuels
Authors: Fitriani  , Haswin  , Basir A
Published: October 2022

Along with the times, the need for fossil fuels as the main energy source to support various activities of human life is also increasing. it is necessary to treat plastic waste to produce briquettes as an alternative fuel. Briquettes are solid fuels that can be used as an alternative energy source that has a certain uniform shape. In Tarakan City, we often encounter a lot of waste, especially plastic waste that is difficult to decompose, one of which is Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE). LDPE is one type of plastic that we encounter everyday in various applications and often ends up as waste such as plastic bags and plastic wrap. The use of plastic waste into briquettes with the addition of pine fruit obtained results from a mixture with various ratios of 30:50:20 the value of ash content and water content is in accordance with SNI with a calorific value and electrical energy generated of 3182.4Q(j)and 3183,39W(j)
A Comparative Analysis of Essential Oils from Three Species of Cinnamomum Growing Wild in East Kalimantan
Authors: Kuspradini Harlinda , Putri Agmi Sinta , Ardiana Dewi , Egra Saat
Published: October 2022

The Cinnamomum genus is a plant of the Lauraceae family. This plant is widely spread on the island of Borneo. In this study, the essential oils of plant leaves originating from the Cinnamomum genus were tested for their antimicrobial activity. The types of plants are Cinnamomum burmannii, Cinnamomum parthenoxylon, and Cinnamomum inners. The essential oils derived from the leaves of Cinnamommum genus which grown in East Kalimantan were obtained by steam distillation. The yield of 0.6% 1.64%, and 0.01% of essential oil were obtained from C. burmannii, C. parthenoxylon, and C. inners, respectively. The oils were examined by gas chromatography to determine their major constituents. The major constitutents of C. burmannii were eugenol (85.03%), C. parthenoxylon were safrole (55.38%), while the major constituents of the C. inners were Cyclobutal (1,2,3,4) dicyclooctene,hexadecahydro (17.94%). The essential oils were also examined for their antimicrobial activities on yeasts and bacteria. The microbial used were Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Candida albicans, and Staphylococcus aureus. Two methods (agar diffusion and broth microdilution) were used to assess the antimicrobial activity. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined in every case. All types of plants Cinnamomum genus in this study has the potential in inhibiting the growth of Streptoccus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Candida albicans, and Staphylococcus aureus.
Food Security and Welfare Of Lowland Rice Farmers Analysis In The Border Area Of North Kalimantan
Authors: Sulistyo Anang , Khaerunnisa  , Suhaena
Published: October 2022

Household welfare is related to the fulfillment of basic human needs, namely food so that household welfare is related to food security. Household (family) food security can be defined as the ability of the family to access food properly to provide for the lives of family members. This research was conducted in Binalawan Village, West Sebatik District, North Kalimantan Province. This study aims to, (1) determine the income of rice farming (2) determine the contribution of rice farming income to total household income (3) determine the food security of farm households and (4) determine the welfare of rice farmers’ households. The method of determining the sample in this study using purposive sampling with the number of respondents as 42 farmers. The analysis used is the analysis of farm costs, revenues, income, contribution of farm income, analysis of food security (TSP) and analysis of food welfare. The results showed that the income of rice farming was Rp. 2,008,644.50 per year. The contribution of rice farming income to total household income is 4.737%. The household food security of rice farmers is 1.58, which means that the household’s ability to meet the food consumption needs of rice farming products can meet the needs of rice equivalent. Welfare of farmer households with a purchasing power level of 2.02 and a GSR of 1.44 which means that the economy of rice farmers’ households is classified as less prosperous.
Relationship between Work Position and Musculoskeletal Complaints among Vegetable Farmers
Authors: Samosir Frans Judea , Sinurat Buenita , Pasaribu Nova Oktalia
Published: October 2022

Musculoskeletal complaints are often experienced by workers, especially vegetable farmers who work repeatedly; resulting in a decrease in muscle and bone strength. This study aimed to determine the relationship between work position and musculoskeletal complaints in vegetable farmers. The type of research used is an observational study with a cross-sectional design. The sample in this study was 30 vegetable farmers recruited by using the purposive sampling technique. The research instrument used a Nordic Body Map questionnaire and REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) sheets. The results of statistical tests using the Spearman’s Rho Correlation test showed there is no relationship between age (p-value = 0.069) and the working position bent at the time of hoeing (p-value = 0.093) with musculoskeletal complaints. However, there is a relationship between working period (p-value = 0.005), standing work position when lifting weights (p-value = 0.045), and sitting position when harvesting (p-value = 0.002) with musculoskeletal complaints. It is important for vegetable farmers to improve their work positions to be more comfortable and safer, to consume healthy food for muscles and bones, and to get adequate rest.
Analysis of Morphometric and Gene of Bombay-duck (Harpodon nehereus) in Tarakan Waters
Authors: Taqwa Amrullah , Burhanuddin Andi Iqbal , Niartiningsih Andi , Natsir Nessa M. , Irmawati
Published: October 2022

Bombay-duck (Harpadon nehereus) was one of economically valuable fish at Tarakan waters. This fish was caught by trawl and jermal. In this study, samples were taken from two fishing area, that were Juata and Amal. 20 characters morphometric was measure carried out on 100 samples from each area. Molecular identification and phylogeny of this species used Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I (COI) gene. The phylogenetic tree was constructed used MEGA 5.0 program. There were 5 significantly different characters between sample from Juata and Amal, that were body weight (P = 0.00), distance between pelvic and anal fins (P = 0.001), caudal fin height (P = 0.009), pelvic fin base length (P = 0.015), and dorsal fin base length (P = 0.031). Molecular identification showed that samples were the same species. The genetic distance between samples from Juata and Amal was 0 (zero).
The Sand Column Utilizing for Clay Soil Reinforcement
Authors: Hasrullah  , Iman Miftahul , Harwadi Fuad
Published: October 2022

This research aimed to find out the physical and the mechanical characteristics from clay soil at the research location. To find out the magnitude capacity from sand column that occurred in clay soil. Then, to find out the comparison from clay soil subsidence that occurred when given reinforcement by using sand columns and with not given reinforcement, with using several tests that was compared the results from laboratory analysis with the results from plaxis 2D program analysis. The method used in this research was ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) method. The experimental method of test development was carried out to test the design of reinforcement model in a cylindrical tub (iron drum) test with 60 cm diameter and 50 cm height. The research results showed, the pattern from soil subsidence that occurred with using sand column reinforcement was very influential in reduced the soil subsidence. From the results of the laboratory analysis and plaxis 2D program analysis, the reinforcement from sand column as the reinforcement in soil with used the bearing plat. The results were not different in the endloading.
Identification of Fatty Acids in Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), Cocoa Beans, Crude Palm Oil (CPO), and Palm Kernel Beans Using Gas Chromatography
Authors: Sabahannur St , Alimuddin Suraedah
Published: October 2022

This study aims to identify saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in Crude Palm Oil (CPO), palm kernel seeds, Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), and cocoa beans using Gas Chromatography (GC-FID). The results of GC-FID analysis showed that VCO contains 90.896% saturated fatty acids, 49.382% CPO, 37.395% palm kernel seeds, and 21.197% cocoa beans. Lauric acid is the highest component in VCO, namely 45.567%, while in CPO the highest component is palmitic acid 43.343%, palm kernel seeds are lauric acid 21.683%, and steric acid 12.120% in cocoa beans. The most unsaturated fatty acids were found in CPO, namely 50.517%, and cocoa beans 11.825%. The unsaturated fatty acids in CPO are oleic acid 39.538% and linoleic acid 10.290%, while in cocoa beans linoleic acid is 11.016%.
Environmental Spatial Planning In The Perspective of Law 11/2020 Concerning Job Creation
Authors: Zein Yahya Ahmad , Nurasikin
Published: October 2022

This study aims to strengthen juridical arguments in the context of the need for Environmental Spatial Planning, especially in Law 11/2020. The results conclude that the Environmental Spatial Planning in the Perspective of Law No. 11/2020 should be capable of ensuring future generations experience welfare and environmental preservation, exceptionally safe, comfortable, productive, and sustainable spaces as guaranteed by Article 33 Paragraph (4). The aspects and paradigms of the national development should be based on Constitutional Principles, one of which is the environmental principle. However, the development strategy at the domestic level does not require regulations when the purpose of Article 33 (4) of the UUD 1945 is violated. The Job Creation Law implementation should be oriented towards the welfare and preservation of the community’s environment. Furthermore, spatial planning should not ignore environmental concepts to accelerate public interest appropriate with the objectives of the Constitution of Indonesia.
The Reduction Of Armyworms On Mustard Greens Using The Extract Of Papaya Leaf And Kipahit Leaf
Authors: Karo-Karo Ulina , Gultom Dameria , Ginting Rapael , Kurnia Muhammad Aditya , Pasaribu Mira Helia Cristy , Siagian Elisabet , Manurung Cronika H.
Published: October 2022

Papaya leaf contains an active substances, i.e. papain that can control worm and pest effectively. It also can be contact poison for pest. This research aims to know the reduction of armyworms (Spodoptera) on mustard greens (Brassica juncea) by giving the extract of papaya leaf (Carica papaya L.) and kipahit leaf (Tithonia diversifolia) to prevent chemical pest poisoning on farmers. This is an experimental research with The Only Controlled Group design. Statistic test for this research is Anova test with 95% confidence interval and significance value 0,007<0,05. The conclusion of this research is there is papaya leaf extract can reduce Spodoptera effectively. Meanwhile, kipahit leaf extract cannot reduce Spodoptera effectively, with 0,068 significance value.
The impact of motivation on the willingness of farmers to become entrepreneurs in the sebatik sub-district in the Indonesia-Malaysia border region
Authors: Mubarak A , Jafar Rayhana , Hendris  , Agang MW
Published: October 2022

Entrepreneurial motivation of farmers in growing entrepreneurial intentions for farmers in increasing agricultural productivity and business sustainability is an important variable in agribusiness development in the Indonesia-Malaysia border region. This study aims to determine 1) the influence and relationship between entrepreneurial attitudes, subjective norms and self-efficacy on entrepreneurial motivation, 2) the influence of entrepreneurial motivation on entrepreneurial intentions. The population in this study were farmers in five sub-districts in the border area of Sebatik Island with a total sample of 250 farmers determined by purposive sampling method. Testing the data analysis model developed in the study used the Structural Equation Model (SEM) assisted by the AMOS program. The results show that the overall model built in this study meets the model fit norms, which means that the model developed in this study is in accordance with existing empirical conditions. There is a significant influence and relationship between entrepreneurial attitudes, subjective norms, and self-efficacy on entrepreneurial motivation and entrepreneurial motivation has a significant and positive effect on farmers' entrepreneurial intentions on Sebatik Island, the Indonesia-Malaysia border region.”
Diversity and Habitat Preferences of Orchids in Tarakan Forest
Authors: Wijarini Fitri , Siregar Muhammad Abrar Putra , Adhani Aidil , Elisia Nur , Siahaan Susi Yantika , Sinaga Jamardi
Published: October 2022

Orchids is one of biggest biodiversity in Borneo. The presence of orchid in nature also indicate the stabile ecosystem. But, because the potential of orchids as the ornamental plant, the exsistinct of them is threatened. So, the aim of this study is to analyse the species diversity indext and habitat preferences of orchid in Tarakan forest. the method of this study was a survey by exploring the forest of Tarakan Orchid Garden area. The environmental parameters of each recorded orchid is measured, they are light instensity, altitude, temperature, and humidity. The orchid species that have been identified are then searched for the value of the important index of species diversity using Shannon-Winner equation. The study revealed that there were 6 species of orchids (Cattleya luteola, Catasetum sp., Bulbophylum phaleoanopsis, Bromheadia sp., Bromheadia finlaysoniana, Dendrobium anosmum) in research location. The biodiversity indext for 6 orchid was in low category with average value 0.1998. Researcher recorded that there were two types of habitat preferences of orchid in research area, namely epiphytic and terrestrial. The balance of all environmental parameters that measured are strongly affected the orchid diversity and growth.
Preliminary Study of Beef and Pork FTIR Spectra: PCA Analysis
Authors: Hudha M N , Ni’mah Y L , Madurani K A , Andrayani M E , Kurniawan F
Published: October 2022

Identification of pork and beef has been performed using the ATR-FTIR. Pork and beef spectra have their characteristics so that they can be distinguished. The beef was bought from Super Indo Kertajaya Surabaya, and the pork was bought from Pabean Surabaya’s traditional market. The sample was cut into ten small and thin sections according to the size of the instrument chamber and immediately characterized without any other preparation. The sample was measured using ATR-FTIR at a wavenumber of 400-4000 cm−1. The beef spectrum showed peaks characteristic at wavenumber 1480-1575; 1670-1700; 2853-2962; and 3000-3600 cm−1while pork spectrum showed peak characteristic at wavenumber 1480-1575; 1670-1700; 2853-2962; and 3000-3600 cm−1. Both spectra are hard to distinguish directly. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the data using principal component analysis (PCA). The PCA results showed that the data reduction of the first principal component (PC1) and the second principal component (PC2) representing the PCA plot scores of beef and pork were successfully differentiated.
Evaluation of Multi-temporal Imagery and Vegetation Indices for Mangrove Mapping (Case Study of The East Coast of Lampung)
Authors: Simarmata Nirmawana , Wikantika Ketut , Darmawan Soni , Tarigan Trika Agnestasia , Aldyansyah Muhammad , Tohir Rizki Kurnia , Purnama Yustika , Yewanda Cylia Nova
Published: October 2022

Mangrove ecosystem monitoring aims to provide information on a regular basis to be used as a reference in sustainable management activities in an effort to maintain the functions and services of the mangrove ecosystem. Mangroves have a very high level of threat to exploitation, namely logging and land conversion which can cause increasingly damaged conditions. This study aims to map changes in mangrove density by comparing several methods using multi-temporal data. The satellite image data used are Landsat images in 2010, 2015 and 2020. The research method used is the transformation of the vegetation indices ARVI, DVI, EVI, GNDVI, MSAVI, NDVI, RVI and TSAVI. Based on the results of the analysis carried out, the identification of mangrove density shows that the index value is in the range -1 – 18.31 with the division of density classes into 5 classes, namely very low, low, medium, high and very high. The mangrove class is in the range of values from 0.4 to 0.8 with a medium to very high density class. The results of the map accuracy test which were validated using 30 samples in the field obtained an accuracy of 84.38%. This accuracy value is quite good with the multi-temporal image used is of medium resolution.
A Preliminary Earthquake Detection from The Seismic Temporary Network in The Opak Fault
Authors: Simanjuntak Andrean V H , Saragih Naikson Fandier , Anshori Muhajir , Sinambela Marzuki , Razi Ar , Muksin Umar , Simangunsong Afryanti V , Sihotang Noviana , Asnawi Yusran , Jaya Indra Kelana
Published: October 2022

Microseismic observation is a mandatory tool for analysing and imaging the progress of source earthquake mechanism. The observation of low-quality signal is usually found because of false detection, transient signals by natural noise, or related to seismometer condition and some human activities. Therefore, we try to figure the microseismic phenomenon after major earthquake in the Jogjakarta fault that was generated by an active fault namely Opak Fault. We used the seismic data recording from the seismic project that was installed in 2006 cover the Jogjakarta region. We used one week data to see the potential detection and highlight the possible of positive or negative false detection. With total 16 stations, we got ~500 events in only one week recording. We used a various threshold with 110 to scan all the dataset and we obtained ~450 events with 50-100 events with possible of false positives. Meanwhile, the threshold of 112 has < 50 events that could be suitable with the waveforms. The example results of 120 thresholds figure a strong event that is located by highly resolution of stack coherent from some stations with precise of P and S phase fitting. This study present the first automatic earthquake locations that can provide more detail of seismic structure information in the Jogjakarta region.