bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educação continuada em saúde bucal para professores da educação infantil: contexto atual e importância para a odontologia preventiva
Authors: Monteiro Rhayane da Conceição , Castro Ana Luiza Sarno
Published: May 2021

Esse artigo buscou discutir sobre a importância da educação continuada em saúde bucal para os professores da Educação Infantil através de uma revisão de literatura integrativa, realizada por meio da busca por artigos nas bases de dados bibliográficos BIREME, PubMed e SciELO, utilizando os descritores “Educação continuada em saúde bucal”; “Educação em saúde bucal na infância” e “Educação em saúde bucal para professores”, publicados nos últimos dez anos, nos idiomas português, espanhol ou inglês. A literatura revisada demonstrou que os professores, se capacitados, podem se tornar agentes multiplicadores na promoção de saúde bucal. Porém, há uma predominância de educadores que não reconhecem a relevância da sua participação nessa área devido a: ausência do tema durante a graduação; falta de capacitação e de materiais de apoio; escassez de programas educacionais voltados para a saúde bucal nas escolas. Por isso, se faz necessário a união entre a odontologia e a educação no ambiente escolar para melhorar a saúde bucal das crianças.
MARKETING TOOLS: EFFICIENCY OF USE IN THE PROCESS OF FUNCTIONING OF TOURIST ENTERPRISES
Authors:   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Svitlychna Vіktorіya
Published: May 2021

Aspects of overcoming the crisis of tourist enterprises are studied. The factors of negative impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the tourism business are highlighted. Attention is focused on the study of marketing activities in the process of functioning of tourist enterprises in the difficult conditions of the pandemic. Emphasis is placed on the relevance of the use of digital marketing tools by tourism enterprises. The purpose of the work is to study digital marketing measures to ensure the full functioning of tourism enterprises on the basis of flexibility to change the internal and external environment. The author notes that tourism marketing is a process of organizing the activities of a tourism enterprise to develop, form and promote new types of tourism services by meeting the needs of tourists in order to provide the highest quality tourism product and profit for the tourism enterprise. The article substantiates that the stagnation of tourism enterprises exacerbates the issue of finding and implementing anti-crisis measures for the tourism business. In this direction a significant role belongs to the use of tourism marketing tools. The content of specific features of marketing in the field of tourism is revealed. Emphasis is placed on the fact that digitalization has directly affected the marketing activities of tourism enterprises. The author substantiates that this gave impetus to the rapid spread of digital marketing. The article offers a range of digital marketing tools for tourism enterprises. These are: the transition from website marketing to social networking; creation of high-quality, cognitive, interesting content; transition of marketing policy from push-marketing to pull-marketing; promoting the formation of the most positive personal feedback in electronic form; application of online video broadcasting technologies. The author emphasizes that in order to prevent destructive phenomena, the tourism business must be flexibly and dynamically transformed, ensuring its sustainable operation and increasing the potential for post-quarantine recovery.
FUNCTIONS AND DYSFUNCTIONS OF FESTIVAL TOURISM IN THE CONTEXT OF IMPACT ON TOURIST SPACE
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Malska Marta , Hrytsyshyn Anna ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: May 2021

The article deals with functions and dysfunctions of festival tourism in the context of impact on tourist space. Festivals are a rapidly developing phenomenon, which play a major role in the development of tourism. Travel to visit a festival may be treated as a separate type of tourism called festival tourism. It has a substantial influence on the tourist space. If the impacts are positive, they are referred to as functions of festival tourism. There are also negative impacts described as the dysfunctions of festival tourism. The article analyzes functions and dysfunctions of festival tourism in the context of four main elements of tourist space, namely: natural heritage, cultural heritage, infrastructure and man as a subject of tourist space. It has been established that festivals have an influence on the natural heritage, for example by promoting nature protection. They present material and nonmaterial culture, and attract tourists to cultural heritage sites. They are events which promote culture and make it possible to experience it, provide tourists with entertainment and offer them an opportunity to spend their free time in an interesting way. Festivals also have an influence on the tourist infrastructure. They offer an opportunity to exchange information and ideas, as well as to learn. Festivals promote tolerance and multiculturalism. All these elements are the positive impacts (functions) of festival tourism. The article emphasizes that festival tourism also has negative impacts (dysfunctions). In particular, these include environmental pollution, falsification of the cultural heritage presented during festivals, wear or even destruction of infrastructure due to the festival tourists’ activities. A number of festival tourism dysfunctions concern people as the subjects shaping the tourist space. In this case, negative phenomena mean conflicts between the local inhabitants and festival tourists, purposeful exclusion of a part of the local community from the festival space.
DEMOGRAPHIC DETERMINANTS OF SOCIAL RISKS AND FEATURES OF THEIR MANIFESTATION IN THE LABOR MARKET DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, Pidlypna Radmila , Smochko Valeriia ,   Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics
Published: May 2021

Current article considers theoretical approaches to the consistency of the term "social risk", outlines their classification features. The impact on the labor market of quarantine restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic was investigated, the sequence of manifestation of social risks associated with a decrease in the level of economic activity was determined. Ukraine has been in conditions of economic and political instability since 2014, which was the result not only of a “hybrid war” from Russia (the main trading partner at that time), but also of chronic inefficiency of state and corporate governance. The 2020 pandemic only intensified the stagnation of the economy, with an annual GDP contraction of 4%. The labor market has undergone negative changes, basic social indicators have get worse − employment of the population and the level of unemployment; the number of labor migrants abroad has decreased and, accordingly, money transfers from abroad have reduced too; incomes of the population decreased due to a reduce of salary, partial or full loss of job,suspension ortermination of activities of individual entrepreneurs and selfemployed persons. The difference between the number of the active and inactive population is growing, which increases the social pressure on the employed population. Of the 15915.3 thousand employed persons, the number of insured persons was only 12823.5 thousand, while the number of retirees was 11131.0 thousand, that is, the coefficient of demographic dependence of the pension system in Ukraine is 0.87 (the number of retirees per one worker). Disbursement on social payment, excluding pensions, in Ukraine are 8-20 times less than in the closest European neighbors; despite the fact that the number of citizens living below the poverty line is 2-5 times higher than the indicators of neighboring countries. The consequence of the COVID-19 crisis was not only a drop in GDP, but also an increase in the state budget deficit to 5.3% of GDP in 2020 and to 5.5% of GDP in 2021. There is a growing risk that repeated waves of COVID-19 and unacceptably slow roll-out of vaccination will undermine optimistic forecasts for the domestic economy for the next decade.
INVENTORY OF AGRICULTURAL LAND ON THE BASIS OF USING THE LATEST INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   Uman National University of Horticulture, Udovenko Iryna , Shemyakin Mykhailo ,   Uman National University of Horticulture, Kononenko Serhii ,   Uman National University of Horticulture
Published: May 2021

The article investigates the methodological apparatus of agricultural land inventory using the latest information technology. It has been established that due to irrational use of land resources on agricultural lands there is a tendency of erosion processes development, leading to loss of soil fertility. Therefore, there is a necessity of carrying out inventory of the given type of lands. In the process of research the initial data for carrying out inventory of the agricultural lands has been designated. In the course of the study, the main obstacles to carrying out an inventory of agricultural lands have been identified and their analysis has been carried out. It has been pointed out that modern requirements for the quality and promptness of inventories involve the use of highly effective and innovative technologies at all stages of the inventory. These requirements are defined by detailed development of documentation, economic and ecological evaluation of lands and organization of permanent collection of necessary information with subsequent formation of electronic databases. The analysis of legal and methodological support of the land inventory process has been carried out. The methodology of agricultural land inventory with the help of information technologies has been developed. It is indicated that in order to create a set of soil protection measures, to encourage owners and tenants of land plots to rational use, protection, effective management of land resources it is necessary to have information on their qualitative and quantitative condition and location on the geodetic map. Such information can be obtained by using the latest information technologies, in particular by combining the interactive land resources map with a single geo- information database and a three-dimensional model of agricultural land inventory. The app Mapinfo Professional should be used for this combination. In summary, it is stated that an agricultural land inventory is the starting point for land planning aimed at land development, the elimination of land deficiencies and the transition to efficient and economically viable land use.
MORTGAGE LENDING AS A DEFIBLIATOR OF THE ECONOMY OF UKRAINE
Authors:   University of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, Artemieva Oksana
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the current state and features of the development of mortgage lending in Ukraine, its influence on stimulating the construction market. The ratio of mortgage to gross domestic product in the section of countries is given and the advantages and disadvantages of mortgage lending in the primary and secondary real estate market are analyzed. The factors influencing the formation of the average interest rate on mortgage loans are outlined, namely: a stable economic situation in the country, low NBU accounting rate, high level of solvency of the population, protecting the rights of creditors and transparent conditions for mortgage legislation, but the article determines that none of the above conditions are not provided in Ukraine properly. The retrospective programs are considered and analyzed by state programs for the liberation of mortgage lending in Ukraine in terms of normative and legal support and conditions of their implementation and revealed that despite the considerable number of preferential conditions and preferences proposed by the state and preferences, funding for their implementation is not provided for by the state budget. It has been established that the terms of lending to various banks within the framework of the implementation of the program "Available Mortgage 7%" program and their real credit products are different from the conditions declared by the state and the Fund for Entrepreneurship Development. It has been established that the movement in support of population with a reduced mortgage rate under 7% per annum is true and will have demand among the population, but there are certain doubts about the real functioning of these programs, as the implementation of the initiative of the direction depends on state funding. It is summarized that the state program "Available Mortgage 7%" will not lead to a sharp increase in loans issued, but even a small amount of additional funding will unequivocally revitalize the construction market. It was found that the problem of mortgage lending is not in a percentage rate, and banks are in no hurry to increase their loan portfolios due to high reserves of the National Bank of Ukraine and a constant growth of capital requirements, and lenders continue to have weak protection at the legislative level.
MANAGING ACCОUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCОUNTS RECEIVABLE IN CОNDITIОNS ОF ECОNОMY INSTABILITY
Authors:   University оf Custоms and Finance, Herasymenkо Yarоslav , Zhadkо Kоstiantyn ,   University оf Custоms and Finance, Tiutiunnyk Yarоslava ,   University оf Custоms and Finance
Published: May 2021

The article is devоted tо generalizatiоn оf theоretical bases and develоpment оf practical measures fоr the management оf debit and credit facilities оf the enterprise. The categоrical essence оf debit and credit reserves and their types accоrding tо classificatiоn criteria are determined. The theоretical apprоaches tо the discipline оf debit and credit cоntrоl at the enterprise are cоnsidered. The research-methоdоlоgical apprоaches tо the estimatiоn оf the efficiency оf the management оf credit and debit remuneratiоn оf the enterprise are researched. The analysis and evaluatiоn оf the financial cоnditiоn оf the enterprise. The efficiency оf management оf debit indebtedness is analyzed and evaluated. The analysis and assessment оf the efficiency оf management оf credit indebtedness is carried оut. The ways оf reducing the management оf credit and debit remuneratiоn at the enterprise are determined. It is substantiated by the necessity оf оptimizatiоn оf the prоcedure оf management оf debit and credit activity at the enterprise. Mоst dоmestic enterprises in tоday's cоnditiоns are оn the verge оf a financial crisis. The main reasоn fоr the emergence оf crisis phenоmena is the lоw level оf management and the inability оf enterprises tо effectively and timely manage current assets. Ukrainian enterprises practically dо nоt have the ability tо functiоn nоrmally due tо the presence оf accоunts receivable, because this reduces assets in circulatiоn. Fоr effective management оf receivables and payables, it is necessary tо determine their ecоnоmic essence in оrder tо use certain methоds оf financial management tо achieve a specific result in the enterprise. When checking the regulatоry framewоrk, attentiоn shоuld be paid tо legislative acts that regulate the accоunting and mоnitоring оf debts at the enterprise, since they are the primary infоrmatiоn base fоr all management subsystems. We prоpоse tо understand receivables as a debt in favоr оf the enterprise at a certain date, due tо payment оf funds, sale оf assets, wоrks, services and is at the dispоsal оf the оther party tо the agreement. A study оf the apprоaches оf scientists tо the definitiоn оf "accоunts payable" indicates that the cоnstituent parts оf the circulatiоn оf capital are elements оf the flоw оf cоntinuоus business оperatiоns: purchases increase accоunts payable and stоcks, prоductiоn increases the amоunt оf finished prоducts, sales increase accоunts receivable and mоnetary assets. The cоntinuоus repetitiоn оf these оperatiоns is the cause оf cоntinuоus payments and cash receipts and requires the оptimizatiоn оf the management оf accоunts receivable and payable оf enterprises.
THE CONCEPT, TYPES, TASKS AND THE NEED FOR THE USE OF URGENT INVESTMENT TOOLS OF CRISIS MANAGEMENT AT ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Yurynets Oksana
Published: May 2021

Currently, many Ukrainian enterprises are in crisis. Getting out of this situation requires the use of various types of urgent crisis management tools, among which investment instruments play an important role. The purpose of this article is to form the theoretical basis for the use of urgent investment tools of crisis management at enterprises. It was found that the urgent investment tools of crisis management in the enterprise should be understood as ways of immediate (urgent) investment actions which are aimed at eliminating or reducing the negative impact of the crisis on the economic condition of the enterprise and ensuring its further effective development. These instruments are grouped according to the following characteristics: the environment in which the relevant instruments are formed and operate, the relation to the current owners of the enterprise, the effectiveness of implementation, the duration of the effect of implementing instruments, the urgency of their implementation, the areas of investment, the objectives of application, the duration of application, the types of financial and economic crises at the enterprise, the elimination (reduction) of the negative influence of which the corresponding tools are directed at, the subject of investment. It is established that the main tasks of using investment urgent tools of anti-crisis management at the enterprises are: selection of the best types of investment urgent tools of anti-crisis management; selection of the best variant of each type of urgent investment tools of crisis management; setting deadlines for the implementation of selected types and options for urgent tools of crisis management at the enterprise; determination of the optimal amount of total investments that should be invested in the implementation of the crisis management program at the enterprise, and the corresponding to this volume of the general list of investment urgent tools of such management; identifying the best sources of investment and establishing the best structure of investment in terms of these sources.
AUDIT OF REGISTERED CAPITAL: ORGANIZATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECT
Authors:   Kyiv National Economics University named after Vadym Hetman, Bugay Nadia , Gergalo Kateryna ,   Kyiv National Economics University named after Vadym Hetman
Published: May 2021

Against the background of the current difficult global economic conditions, the issue of carrying out anti-crisis measures in the country's economy as a whole and at enterprises separately arises first of all. After all, the policy of preserving (and, even better, increasing) capital is an extremely important indicator that represents the financial stability of enterprises to economic shocks. Any enterprise (for example, a manufacturing enterprise), carrying out its activities, relies on a certain amount of its capital, which can be expressed in both monetary (classical) and non-monetary (cars, real estate, copyrights, patents, etc.) forms. As a rule, the main indicators of a country's economic development are those that characterize the production level, the conduct of a certain profitable type of activity, and others. However, the category" capital " is rarely used to analyze the financial condition of an enterprise, although it (capital) is the very basis for the origin and stable development of any business entity. The concept of capital conservation and its management strategy will allow us to find or prevent violations in time due to certain areas of audit implementation, as well as introduce the necessary changes in the company's management policy. Being an important component of management and relying on accounting data as an integral system of operations control, it is external audit that will allow us to assess the result of activities, make forecasts for improving certain areas of efficiency in conducting economic functions, and offer important management decisions regarding our own sources of financing for the company's activities. However, the transition of Ukraine to a market economy, as a result, caused the emergence of private ownership along with the state form, the emergence of which, in turn, subsequently gave an impetus to a significant increase in the role of accounting and control. The existence of these forms of ownership is simply impossible without a clearinteraction of a number of economic institutions, where one of the profile places is occupied by the Institute of audit. The main purpose of the audit can be formed simply, but truly – confirmation or refutation of information that is set out in the financial and tax statements in accordance with the current legislation of Ukraine. In other words, the audit procedure should be understood as a logically sustained,strict sequence of actions to perform the audit stages from pre-contractual work to the transfer of the audit report to the customer.
FEATURES OF THE FUNCTIONING OF A PROJECT-ORIENTED ENTERPRISE IN MODERN CONDITIONS
Authors:   Khmelnitskyi National University, Chaikovska Inna
Published: May 2021

The paper summarizes the features of the project-oriented enterprise in modern conditions. A model of operation of a project-oriented enterprise has also been built. It is established that each enterprise goes through different stages of its transformation into project-oriented, which must take into account the strategic goals of the enterprise. When transforming into a project- oriented enterprise should take into account the industry affiliation of the enterprise and the peculiarities of its activities. Usually the company has a linear organizational structure, and project-oriented - matrix or project. The main criteria that affect the process of transformation of the enterprise into a project-oriented are knowledge, technology, processes, communications, project management, standards and norms. For a project-oriented enterprise is characterized by both operational (permanent) activities and project (temporary). The relationship between operational and project activities and their interaction depends on the stage of transformation of the enterprise into project-oriented. Different management approaches are used for each activity. Operational activities are performed by full-time employees of the enterprise, who are employees of the company's departments, and project activities - the project team, which may consist of employees of the enterprise, as well as may involve external team members. Operational and project activities should be in close cooperation, which will achieve a positive synergistic effect, which will affect the efficiency and effectiveness of the enterprise, as well as its competitiveness. Innovative development of the enterprise is carried out with the help of implemented projects, and its results have a significant impact on operating activities. The activities of a project-oriented enterprise are closely connected with the external environment. The knowledge management system is the most important component of the process of transforming an enterprise into a project-oriented one.
ECONOMIC AND STATISTICAL ESTIMATION OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE REGION'S ECONOMY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ivanenko Olena , Shybirina Svitlana ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: May 2021

The article provides a statistical analysis of the structure of socio-economic phenomena and processes in the North-West region of Ukraine. The analysis of the structure of the economy of the North-West region was carried out on the basis of grouped data by type of economic activity as of 2019 according to indicators: number of enterprises; the number of employees employed at enterprises; financial results before tax; the volume of products (goods, services) sold by enterprises. A rating assessment of the types of economic activity of the regions of the North-West region was built according to the structure of the KVED in 2019. The priority types of economic activity of the regions of the region have been identified. The results of the structural analysis showed that the dominant KVED sectors in the Northwest region are wholesale and retail trade and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles; industry; agriculture, forestry and fisheries.
PECULIARITIES OF THE PROCEDURAL STATUS OF SUBJECTS WHICH HAVE THE OBLIGATION OF PROOF DURING THE PRE-TRIAL INVESTIGATION OF CRIMINAL OFFENSES
Authors:   Mariupol District Police Department of Main Department of the National Police in Donetsk Region, Vorobey Andrii
Published: May 2021

The article considers the peculiarities of the procedural status of the subjects who are obliged to prove criminal offenses during the pre-trial investigation, taking into account the latest changes in the current criminal procedure legislation made in connection with the adoption of the Law of Ukraine n Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine Concerning Simplification of Pre-trial Investigation of Certain Categories of Criminal Offenses". The author notes that this issue is little studied in the scientific literature and relevant from a practical point of view. The peculiarities of the procedural status of the head of the inquiry body are studied, a number of problematic issues of legal regulation of the powers of the specified subject of evidence are indicated and it is proposed to amend the current version of Article 391 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine to eliminate contradictions. The procedural status of the interrogator and the person authorized to carry out pre- trial investigation of criminal offenses is analyzed, offers on modification of item 401 of the Criminal procedure code of Ukraine are presented. It is also proposed that the bylaws of the relevant law enforcement agencies provide for qualification requirements for persons authorized to investigate criminal offenses in the form of higher legal education in the specialty "Law", as the lack of qualification requirements may adversely affect the quality of pre-trial investigation of criminal offenses. The content of Articles 84, 92 and 94 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of Ukraine is analyzed, proposals are made to supplement these legal norms after the word "investigator" with the word "interrogator". The specific circle of subjects on which the duty of proof during the pre-judicial investigation in the form of inquiry is assigned is defined. According to the author of the article, further areas of research of certain problematic issues are a comprehensive doctrinal study of the legal status of such subjects of evidence as the interrogator and head of the inquiry body, determination of legal guarantees of their activities and procedural independence, definition of functions and tasks assigned to these subjects.
LEGAL REGULATION OF WORK OF WOMEN AND PERSONS WITH FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES
Authors:   Yaroslav Mudriy National Law University, Kononenko Viktoriia , Hudzenko Yuliia ,   Yaroslav Mudriy National Law University
Published: May 2021

The article presents a study of the legal regulation of women and persons with family responsibilities. An analysis of domestic regulations on this topic. In particular, the norms enshrined in the Constitution of Ukraine have been studied. Chapter XII, which deals with women's labor, is analyzed in the Labor Code. The Law of Ukraine "On Labor Protection" and the Law of Ukraine "On Ensuring Equal Rights and Opportunities for Women and Men", the draft Labor Code were also considered. International normative legal acts are analyzed. ILO Conventions: No45 - on the use of women in underground work in mines of any kind, No100 - on equal pay for men and women for work of equal value, No103 - on maternity protection, No111 - on discrimination in employment and occupations, No156 - on equal treatment and equal opportunities for working men and women: workers with family responsibilities; Article 11 of the 1979 UN Convention. It is noted that for working women there are: guarantees for part-time work, a ban on the involvement of pregnant women and women with children under 3 years of age, night, overtime work, work on weekends and sending them on business trips; restricting the involvement of women with children aged 3 to 14 or children with disabilities in overtime work and sending them on business trips; maternity leave and childcare leave; the procedure for granting leave to care for a child and enrolling him in the length of service; leave for women who have adopted children; additional leave for employees who have children; guarantees of employment and prohibition of dismissal of pregnant women and women with children; providing pregnant women and women with children under the age of 14 with vouchers to sanatoriums, rest homes and financial assistance; mother's service at enterprises, organizations; guarantees that also apply to parents raising children without a mother, as well as to guardians (trustees). Deficiencies in the current labor legislation have been identified. Gender inequalities in the workplace have been identified. The conclusions and prospects for the development of protection and protection of the rights of women and persons with family responsibilities are presented.
Dynamics of the HIV Epidemics among Male Injecting Drug Users Using Agent-Based Modeling
Authors:   Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, TT Le , HJ Lim ,   Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, N Shojaati ,   Department of Computer Science, College of Arts & Sciences University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
Published: May 2021

Background: Although Injecting Drug Users (IDUs) carry a disproportionate burden of HIV, little is known about the dynamics of the HIV epidemics among IDUs. Objective: This study aimed to characterize the dynamics of the HIV epidemic among IDUs and the effects of alternative HIV prevention intervention strategies using Agent-Based Modeling (ABM). Methods: ABM was constructed using key behavioral risks. The HIV/STI Surveillance study was utilized to create datasets for simulation. Different intervention scenarios were simulated and compared. Results: Lowering needle sharing level among IDUs resulted in the largest reductions in both HIV prevalence and the cumulative number of HIV infections over time in all simulated populations. The majority of the reductions occurred when needle sharing declined from the baseline level to 40% and 30%, respectively. Conclusion: ABM may well complement traditional epidemiological regression-based analysis in providing important insights into the complex dynamics of the HIV epidemics among IDUs.
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Impact of Intra-Operative Ultrasound Guidance Breast-Conserving Surgery in Early Breast Cancer
Authors:   Department of Surgery, South Tees University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom, SMM Tin , I Cheema ,   Department of Surgery, South Tees University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom, V Kurup ,   Department of Surgery, North Tees University Hospitals NHS Foundation trust, United Kingdom, YKS Viswanath ,   Department of Surgery, James Cook University Hospital, South Tees University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom, S Razdan ,   Department of Surgery, James Cook University Hospital, South Tees University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
Published: May 2021

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of intra-operative ultrasound guided breast-conserving surgery in early breast cancer. Background: Breast Conservation (BCS) is the standard surgical procedure for early breast cancer. It is challenging for surgeons to achieve adequate excision of the lesion with clear margins and acceptable cosmesis. A continuous Intra-Operative Ultrasound (IOUS) is used during BCS in volume precision surgery. We reviewed its effectiveness to obtain clear margins, low excision volume and better cosmetic outcome during BCS. Methods: We searched three bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library online) for relevant published and unpublished literature from their inception until December 2019. The randomized controlled trials of the impact of IOUS on excision volume, margin status and cosmetic outcome was assessed, and meta-analysis carried out for margin status with narrative summary was done for other results. Results: This study included four articles in the systematic review. A total of 207 patients with IOUS and 192 patients with Palpation Guided (PGS) BCS was studied in this review. The standardised mean difference of excision volume for 2 trials was -0.31 (-0.62, -0.00) and -0.50 (-0.85, -0.16) with p-value of 0.048 and 0.004. There was no significant volume difference in the remaining two studies. The positive margin rate reduced significantly with IOUS guidance with the pooled OR was 0.19 (95% CI: 0.09, 0.41) with no heterogeneity among studies (p=0.72, I2= 0%). The overall cosmetic outcome favoured satisfaction in both ultrasound-guided and palpation guided BCS groups without significant difference. Conclusion: This study suggests that the use of IOUS provides a statistically significant, less positive margin without a considerable difference in excisional volume. Overall, satisfaction exceeds dissatisfaction with ultrasound-guided Breast-conserving surgery. However, there is insufficient evidence to support the better cosmetic outcome in the IOUS group.
Assessment of the Nutritional Status and Risk Factors of Malaria among Pregnant Mothers in Owerri Rural Communities, Southeastern Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Imo State University, Nigeria, EN Onyeneke , MO Ifeanacho ,   Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Portharcourt, Nigeria, JA Amadi ,   Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Imo State University, Nigeria, PN Okeke ,   Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Imo State University, Nigeria, CU Ukwujiagu ,   Department of Home Economics, Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education, Nigeria
Published: May 2021

Malaria during pregnancy remains a serious public health problem, with substantial risk for the mother, her fetus and the new born. A crosssectional study was conducted in Owerri rural hospitals among 150 pregnant mothers in Emekuku and Uratta rural communities in Owerri, Imo State using questionnaire. Ninety (90) pregnant women from Holy Rosary Hospital Emekuku and 60 pregnant women from Redeemed Jesus People hospital and maternity, Uratta, Owerri within the age range of 20-50 years were involved in this study. Anthropometric data, age, weight and height were collected using standard scale and the meter rule. Cluster analysis was applied for the identification of the groups with similar nutritional habits and anthropometric parameters. At the end of the data collection and analysis, it was obtained that 40.7% of the women lived in a moderately bushy environment, 13.3% in a very bushy environment, 6.6% lived in a bushy environment while 39.4% however lived in a very clean environment. In assessing the nutritional status the result indicates that 45.3% skipped meals while 54.7% do not. 82.7% of the women had a history of malaria while 17.3% had none. 22% of the pregnant women were malaria positive while 78% were negative. 56.7% of the women had mosquito net while 43.3% did not. 53.3% of the women disliked some food, 82% took supplement, and 36.7% took multivitamins. About 50 % of the pregnant women were overweight. The anthropometric characteristics of respondents showed that women from 40-50 years had high mean in their respective variables and no significant difference (p>0.05) in their ranges. The use of Insecticide-Treated Mosquito nets (ITNs) was found to be associated with malaria infection; pregnant women who did not use ITNs frequently were more affected by malaria as compared to those who did.
COVID-19: The CaMKII_Like System of S Protein Drives Membrane Fusion and Induces Syncytial Multinucleated Giant Cells
Authors: wenzhong liu , hualan Li
Published: May 2021

COVID-19 is a unique disease characterized by extensive pulmonary thrombosis and infected syncytial multinucleated giant cells, relating to extensive tissue damage. The SARS-CoV-2 S protein on the membrane of infected cells can initiate receptor-dependent syncytia formation. To study the membrane fusion on S protein, we adopted structural domain search methods to analyze the structural and non-structural proteins of the SARS-COV-2 virus in this study. The results showed that the surface glycoprotein (S) had conserved domains of CaMKII: CaMKII_AD, CaATP_NAI, DUF4440, EF-hand, Protein kinase, and SnoaL-like. Comparing to SARS-COV and MERS, only the CaATP_NAI of SARS-COV-2 is in the contact position of the viral membrane and cell membrane. We believed that when the EF-hand domain (“YEQYIKWPWYIWLGF”) of S protein bound to calcium ions, S2 protein had CaMKII protein activities. After the S protein fusion peptide was inserted into the infected cell membrane and fixed the S2 protein on the cell membrane, the CaMKII_AD prompted the S2 protein to form HR1-HR2 six-helix bundles. The HR1-HR2 hexamer had three CaATP_NAI domains (“APAICHDGKAHFPRE”) near the viral membrane (contact position), the CaATPase activated by magnesium ions, and released energy through ATP phosphorylation. The CaATPase drove the HR1-HR2 hexamer fold irreversibly toward the viral membrane. Then the CaATP_NAI and CaMKII_AD domains extended to the outside and combined the viral membrane and the cell membrane so that the contact position formed a thin barrel structure. The hydrated calcium ions are gathered in the barrel structure to create a calcium bridge. The release action of water in contact position caused the instability of the double membrane, triggering lipid mixing and fusion of the membrane. CaATPases disassembled the barrel structure, and HR1-HR2 hexamer is fell into the cytoplasm. The viral membrane fused with the cell membrane on a large scale. The cytoplasmic contents of the virus mixed with the cell. The S protein of the infected cell may bind to the ACE2 receptor of another cell (or also an infected cell) and then achieved membrane fusion through a similar principle, forming cell syncytia, includes syncytial multinucleated giant cells. The membrane fusion could disrupt the calcium homeostasis in human body, and increased the risk of coagulation and vascular calcification.
A Reversed Construction between Deities and Demons: A Case Study of Ne Zha: I’m the Destiny
Authors: Hai Tang , Yang You , Mengchun Ma
Published: May 2021

In 2019, Ne Zha: I’m the Destiny won more than 5-billion-yuan box office in Chinese movie market. Although the box office is not the only criterion for judging the quality of an animated movie, Ne Zha breaks a certain stereotype in storytelling, technical means, and the setting of the positive and negative characters. This potentially indicates that in producing an animated film, Chinese artists start to pay more attention to how to refine a movie production, or how to make the story more interesting. One of the attractive elements of this movie is that, Ne Zha has made a breakthrough in creation of a character of Children’s hero, and is totally different from its previous versions: with his joy and sorrow, audiences see the characteristics of Ne Zha as a nice as well as an aggressive boy. This partially because in setting the role of Ne Zha, boundaries between the good and the evil or between beauty and ugly are not so clear in the animation, while it features that Chinese cartoons are set to focus more on authenticity rather than their instructive functions. Additionally, the change of the image of Ne Zha and the subversive characters re-created in the movie have metaphorical significances, featuring how “Chinese school” reconstructs the subjectivity of Chinese stories in contemporary world.
Discussion on the Improvement of Management Mode of Student Status in Colleges and Universities
Authors: Xiang Li , Dan Zhang
Published: May 2021

In order to improve the management of university status in China, it is necessary to actively transform the student status management model, it should be student service, and it’s turned into restraint and motivation, the mode of student service as a supplement is transformed. Under the model of service and constraint and incentive, we should strengthen the current management mode of student status in colleges and universities. And under the new model, the data quality of student status can be guaranteed, so that students’ academic safety and education and teaching order can be improved accordingly, establish a good learning atmosphere, strengthening management. This paper analyzes and probes into the problems existing in the management of university status in China, this paper expounds the main contents of university student status management, and put forward the effective measures to improve the current management of university status.
How Does Pedagogy Compare between Professional Dance Education and Non-Professional Dance Education
Authors: Yingying Hu
Published: May 2021

Nowadays, dance education has been popularised at different educational levels, so dance teachers have the opportunity to teach students of different ages and backgrounds. However, this created a problem for me as, although I was teaching different people, I did not alter my teaching style. The pedagogy which aimed to foster professional dancers had no effect to non-professional students. In order to combine my experiences and resolve my problem, this paper concentrates on the difference between school-based and vocational dance pedagogy.
Risk Thinking in ISO Quality Management System
Authors: Yingying Zhuang
Published: May 2021

The importance of risk thinking is emphasized in the ISO quality management system. In order to do a good job in quality management, we should use risk thinking to do a good job in risk management, improve the level of quality management, and enhance customer satisfaction, so that enterprises can meet the international quality certification standards in the process of development, and have greater development space in the market. Therefore, this paper studies the risk thinking in the ISO quality management system, summarizes the concept of risk thinking in the ISO quality management system, analyzes the problems existing in the application of risk thinking in the ISO quality management system of Chinese enterprises, and puts forward some suggestions for improvement one by one. It is hoped that the analysis can promote Chinese enterprises to fully integrate risk-based thinking into quality management, calmly cope with risks and opportunities, and make customers more satisfied with their services and products.
The Concrete Analysis of the Change of Import and Export Trade of Chinese Enterprises Is Based on the Perspective of RMB Exchange Rate
Authors: Chao Gao
Published: May 2021

The change of import and export trade of Chinese enterprises actually reflects the appreciation and depreciation of RMB, which are closely related to the total volume of import and export trade of Chinese enterprises and the formulation of corresponding foreign exchange measures.Generally speaking, the rise of the RMB exchange rate means the appreciation of the RMB is conducive to imports, while the decline of the RMB exchange rate means the depreciation of the RMB and the decline of the price of export commodities, so it has a greater price advantage and is conducive to exports. Chinese enterprises should correctly grasp the rise and fall of RMB exchange rate and carry out import and export trade reasonably when developing abroad.
Foreign E-commerce Practitioners in “Taobao Village”: Isolation and Integration
Authors: Zeyu Wang
Published: May 2021

This research mainly analyzes the actual situation of social integration of migrant E-commerce practitioners in Xintang Town of Guangdong Province through field survey. According to the survey, the overall level of social integration is relatively low, and there are three isolation barriers, namely time, space and psychology.Regarding the influencing factors of social integration level, it is concluded through the principal component analysis that five main factors impacting the social integration of migrant E-commerce practitioners are life factor, business factor, housing factor, social factor and individual factor. By establish a multiple logistic analysis model, it is found that type of friends, interest protection and frequency of recreational activities would impact the social integration of migrant E-commerce practitioners most significantly among all factors.
The glacial history of Rocky Top cirque, southeast Fiordland, New Zealand
Authors: Moore Emily
Published: May 2021

Understanding natural climate variability is a fundamental goal of paleoclimate science. Temperate mountain glaciers are sensitive to climate variability, changing volume, and thus thickness and length, in response to changes in temperature and precipitation. Glaciers deposit moraines at their margins, which if well-preserved may provide evidence of glacier length fluctuations following glacial retreat. Therefore mountain glaciers can be used as proxies to investigate past climatic changes, offering the potential to reconstruct the timing and magnitude of natural climate variability and paleoclimate for the former glacier extent(s).

This study applies methods of detailed geomorphological mapping and cosmogenic 10Be surface exposure dating to establish a high-precision moraine chronology and examine the timing and magnitude of glacier length changes at Rocky Top cirque. A quantitative reconstruction of paleoclimate for the identified former glacier extents was produced using an equilibrium-line altitude (ELA) reconstruction method and application of a temperature lapse rate. Findings show a clear pattern of glacial retreat at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum, with exposure ages from moraine boulders successfully constraining the timing of five distinct periods of glacier readvance or standstills. The most recent glacial event at Rocky Top cirque occurred between 17342 ± 172 yrs BP and during this period the ELA was depressed by 611 m. The second innermost moraine produced an indistinguishable age of 17196 ± 220 yrs BP and had an ELA depression of 616 m, indicating rapid glacial retreat. Progressively older moraines produced surface exposure ages of 18709 ± 237 and 19629 ± 308 yrs BP, with ELA depressions of 618 and 626 m respectively. The oldest moraine of 34608 ± 8437 yrs BP had insufficient geomorphic constraint to produce an ELA. Paleoclimate reconstruction results suggest that a best estimate of paleotemperature at the time of moraine formation (~19-17 ka) was between 3.2 ± 0.8 to 3.3 ± 0.8°C cooler than present-day.

Net retreat of the former glacier is consistent with other similar moraine chronologies from the Southern Alps, which supports the regional trend and suggests that glaciers in the Southern Alps responded to common climatic forcings between ~19-17 ka.
La Celac más allá del regionalismo poshegemónico
Authors: Crivelli Eduardo , Lo Brutto Giuseppe
Published: May 2021

Al inicio de la segunda década del siglo xxi, la Comunidad de Estados Latinoamericanos yCaribeños (Celac) pareciera ser la expresión más acabada de lo que fue calificado como un «regionalismoposhegemónico», en un momento histórico en el que los Estados latinoamericanos, sin importar su perfil político, coincidieron en el cuestionamiento a la hegemonía estadounidense y de otras potencias en la región, en favor de un orden multipolar más justo. Sin embargo, en la medida en la que fueron reconfigurándose las fuerzas políticas regionales, la idea de este tipo de regionalismofue cuestionada, sobre todo, por no alcanzar conceptualizaciones concluyentes. Por eso, elobjetivo de este artículo es debatir el concepto del regionalismo poshegemónico en América Latina a partir de la Celac, que habría sido el organismo regional que incubaba los rasgos esenciales de esa conceptualización.