bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Patient's Family Knowledge about Electroconvulsive Therapy Treatment in Psychiatric Unit in Sulaimani General Hospital
Authors: Adil Arazoo , Ahmad Taha , Hamad Abdulqader Hussein
Published: April 2023

Objectives: This study aims to assess the family knowledge about the patients ECT receiving. To identify patients family knowledge about the preparing patients for ECT.
Methodology: A quantitative design, descriptive study with A non- probability purposive sample, 100 patient's family attending the psychiatry services in a major hospital in Sulemani. Was carried out in Sulemani Hospital for the period of November 2011 to April 2012. A questionnaire was developed for this purpose, data was analyzed through percentage and mean.
Results: 90% of the respondents in patient's family consider that ECT is a treatment, and (70 %) of them considered ECT is investigation. 68% answered the ECT has not contraindication and 50% answered ECT has not complication.
Conclusion: the study indicate that most of the patient and their givers they have not enough information about the ECT as a treatment as well as about how they manage and prepare the patient before and after receiving ECT and during the recovery.
Recommendation: psychiatric nurses working in the psychiatric word should be prepared with means and education to help patient's family caregiver with ECT receiving to reach optimum level of functioning they learn how to assume reasonability for themselves and others, establish their independence and interact in socially acceptable way with other patients and staff.
Effectiveness of an Educational Health Programme on Mothers' Knowledge of Thalassaemic Children Who Receiving Desferal Therapy in Hawler Thalassemia Center/ Erbil City
Authors: Hussein Kareema Ahmad , Qadir Kaify Jamil
Published: April 2023

Background: Thalassemia is one of the most common genetic blood disorders in the world.
Objectives: The study aimed to improve mothers' knowledge of Thalassaemic children who using Desferal therapy.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study was carried out at Hawler Thalassemia Center in Erbil City of the 1st of March to the end of May 2010. One hundred mothers were selected and divided into two groups, (50) mothers as control group and another (50) mothers as study group. Educational Health Program was concentrated on several major topics and it was implemented through two sessions, a pre-test was done for both groups before implementing the health education program and the post-test was done after one month for both groups .Data were collected through the use of a questionnaire tool by direct  interview techniques which was used as a mean of data collection. Data were analyzed by Excel and SPSS version 17 program me. At ≤ 0.05 was statistically significant  and p-value 0.01 was statistically highly significant.
Results: The results revealed that the mothers' knowledge in the study group was improved their knowledge after implementation health education program at p-value 0.000 comparing in control group.
Conclusion: Most of the mothers in the study group had got benefit of implementation of educational programmer about their knowledge concerning who using Desferal therapy.
Recommendation: Health education programmes apply in mass media (TV, radio journal...). As well as screening should be apply for the risk groups (Carrier population screening detection at population level, Pre-marital, Prenatal and suspected family and their children). Also booklet and pamphlet of education programme should be distributed for all mothers who are attending Thalassemia Center. And Specialized nurse or thalassemia nurse should be knowledgeable about Desferal Therapy
Effect of Smoking on Semen Quality of Infertile Men in Mosul City, Iraq
Authors: Almukhtar Salwa H. , Al-Watar Yassier T. , Aljebory Khaeria H. , Ibrahim Radhwan H.
Published: April 2023

Objectives: It's known that cigarette smoking affects semen quality. The aim of the present study is to compare the semen of infertile cigarette smokers with infertile non-smokers as well as with healthy men to examine the impact of smoking on the quality of sperm.
Methodology: A case-control study was applied in the present study. For the period of 1st January till the 1st April 2011. The semen quality of men with infertility, smokers (n 150) and nonsmokers (n100), were compared with (n 100) healthy- nonsmokers men. Conventional semen analysis was performed and sperm morphology was assessed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Smoker patients were classified as mild (1-10 cigarettes/d), moderate (10 -20 cigarettes/day), or heavy smokers (more 20 cigarettes/d).data was analyze through inferential statistics.
Results: The study finding showed that sperm parameters quality in smoker men was approximately lower than nonsmoker men and the cigarette smoking and the dose has significant negative effect on sperm parameters.
Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that smoking negatively affects male fertility.
Recommendation: Smokers should quit smoking for the sense of responsibility for their future generation as tobacco smoke contains numerous mutagenic substances.
Awareness of Healthier Lifestyle Change among Patients with Coronary Artery Diseases
Authors: Abass Hussam , Ali Sahar A.
Published: April 2023

Objective: presented study aimed to assess the awareness of healthier lifestyle change among patient with coronary artery disease.
Methodology: descriptive design study was conducted at Coronary Care Unit in Marjan hospital in Hillia city, data was gathered by using a questionnaire in the period (June15. 2012 to August 20.2012) .
Results: the results shows that the higher percentage of the sample (53.7%) were male most of them were smoker 61.1%, and 38% of the sample were hypertensive; most of them didn't applied any change in their lifestyle pattern.
Conclusion: Most of the convenient sample of the study was male, illiterate, housewives and city resident. Most of the sample were overweight, with hypertension, smoker, and related to alcohol consuming they were not alcoholic.
Recommendation: the researchers recommended that there is a serious need to health education, which properly structured to promote patient education in order to enhance their lifestyle pattern, by improving knowledge and bring about a change in attitudes.
Acupuncture and Sciatica
Authors: Qasim Ali Ismail , Mojtabavi Seyed Javad
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Traditional Chinese Acupuncture has a history of over 3,000 years. The World Health Organization recommends the use of acupuncture treatment for many diseases including headaches, migraine, low back pain, sciatica and others. The prevalence of sciatica is about 3% - 5%, and equally common in men and women. In most patients, the prognosis is good, but up to 30% will have pain for one year or longer
Objective: To prove that acupuncture is effective in treating sciatica.
Methodology: This study was carried out on 18 cases of chronic sciatica of both genders, aged 30-60 years. Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups, 9 cases in each group, 1st group received acupuncture treatment while 2nd group received conventional medical treatment like NSAID as diclofenac and muscle relaxant as baclofen in addition to acupuncture, in both groups patients received 10 sessions of real acupuncture for 4 weeks, Those 18 patients were treated in Emam Reza Hospital in Mashhad city in Iran and in private clinic of Dr. Mojtabavi over a period of February 2012 till May 2012. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS in which independent t-test was used to compute significance.
Result: on comparing the effect of treatment in both groups separately i.e. before and after therapy, show there is significant decrease in the intensity of pain in both groups. But on comparing the effect of treatment between groups found there is no significant difference between them.
Conclusion: acupuncture is effective, in reducing the intensity of the pain, for sciatica.
Recommendation: acupuncture can be used to treat, as least painful symptoms of, sciatica.
Role of the one-minute sit-to-stand test in the diagnosis of post COVID-19 condition: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Faria1 Nuno , Oliveira1,2 Tiago , Pinto1 Paula , Almeida1 Vânia , Carvalho1 Raquel , José Fernandes1 Maria , Sucena1 Maria , Gomes1 Joana
Published: April 2023

Objective: To analyze the relationship between one-minute sit-to-stand test (1MSTST) parameters and a diagnosis of post COVID-19 condition in a cohort of patients who previously had COVID-19. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of patients with post COVID-19 condition referred for body plethysmography at a tertiary university hospital. Post COVID-19 condition was defined in accordance with the current WHO criteria. Results: Fifty-three patients were analyzed. Of those, 25 (47.2%) met the clinical criteria for post COVID-19 condition. HR was lower in the patients with post COVID-19 condition than in those without it at 30 s after initiation of the 1MSTST (86.2 ± 14.3 bpm vs. 101.2 ± 14.7 bpm; p < 0.001) and at the end of the test (94.4 ± 18.2 bpm vs. 117.3 ± 15.3 bpm; p < 0.001). The ratio between HR at the end of the 1MSTST and age-predicted maximal HR (HRend/HRmax) was lower in the group of patients with post COVID-19 condition (p < 0.001). An HRend/HRmax of < 62.65% showed a sensitivity of 78.6% and a specificity of 82.0% for post COVID-19 condition. Mean SpO2 at the end of the 1MSTST was lower in the patients with post COVID-19 condition than in those without it (94.9 ± 3.6% vs. 96.8 ± 2.4%; p = 0.030). The former group of patients did fewer repetitions on the 1MSTST than did the latter (p = 0.020). Conclusions: Lower SpO2 and HR at the end of the 1MSTST, as well as lower HR at 30 s after initiation of the test, were associated with post COVID-19 condition. In the appropriate clinical setting, an HRend/HRmax of < 62.65% should raise awareness for the possibility of post COVID-19 condition.
Combined Treatment of Vildagliptin/Metformin (Equmet) and Imeglimin (Twymeeg) with Clinical Efficacy
Authors: BANDO Hiroshi , YAMASHITA Hisako , KATO Yoshinobu , OGURA Katsunori , KATO Yoshikane
Published: April 2023

Background: Vildagliptin/Metformin (EquMet) and imeglimin (Twymeeg) are effective oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Case Presentation: The patient was a 68-year-old male with T2D and fatty liver for several years. In November 2022, his HbA1c had increased to 8.2%, and he was started on Twymeeg, followed by EquMet. Results: Over the course of four months, the patient’s HbA1c value successfully decreased from 8.2% to 6.7%, and he did not experience any gastrointestinal adverse effects (GIAEs). Discussion and Conclusion: The combined treatment of EquMet and Twymeeg demonstrated clinical efficacy without any adverse effects. The Trials of IMeglimin for Efficacy and Safety (TIMES) provided various evidence of imeglimin’s effectiveness.
বাংলাদেশের গ্রামীণ এলিটদের উন্নয়ন ভূমিকা
Authors: হাবিবুল্লাহ ড. মো:
Published: April 2023

নাই
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক পরিকল্পনা
Authors: হোসেন ড. মোহাম্মদ জুলফিকার
Published: April 2023

নাই
Philanthropic Justice: the Role of Private Foundations in Transitional Justice Processes
Authors: Emtseva Julia
Published: April 2023

In recent years, political transitions have become a major area of interest to private actors, including philanthropies. More and more philanthropic foundations have chosen to donate money to support transitional justice processes across the globe. However, philanthropies often take on not only the role of a funder but also the role of an active participant in transitional justice (TJ) mechanisms. They push for the building of long-lasting partnerships with state authorities and international organizations, and, sometimes, take over and administer certain transitional justice processes. As a result, philanthropic foundations wield considerable power in transitional justice, especially when the state cannot or will not act. Given the significant and growing role of philanthropy in both established democracies and states in transition, it is necessary to look more closely at issues of philanthropic involvement in TJ processes. Their activity remains largely outside the margins of international law scholarship. This article aims to make philanthropic contributions a more visible object of scholarly scrutiny.

This article will introduce the legal problems related to “philanthropic justice,” including concerns that speak for the need of more attention to the phenomenon. It will first show how private foundations engage in transitional justice mechanisms and spell out the concerns related to this philanthropic engagement in transitional justice. It will proceed with a discussion about the potential reasons why private foundations engage in international legal matters such as transitional justice. Further, the article will explore the United Nations’ legal frameworks on cooperation with the philanthropic sector. The last substantial part will cover the issues of responsibility of private actors under international law and why it is important in the context of transitional justice.
Trade Rules of State Enterprises: a Lawmaking Perspective
Authors: Hu Shixue
Published: April 2023

State Enterprises are important actors in global trade, yet their regulation is a highly contentious issue that presently troubles the WTO and U.S.-China trade talks. This article proposes a typological framework of the multinational, regional, and bilateral trade rules concerning state enterprises. It compares their similarities and divergences from a lawmaking perspective, analyzing how lawmakers mix and match legal elements of ownership, control, purpose, authorization, function, activity, and industry of state enterprises with diverse policy ends. It reveals that some elements regulate behaviors while others pay more regulatory attention to the firm’s identity. These action-oriented and actor-focused approaches provide different lawmaking options. This typological study summarizes the existing doctrinal analysis of a particular provision under the same framework. It also provides a list of available lawmaking elements for regulators to pin down their policy differences towards state enterprises in international trade, enabling future lawmaking amidst the current geopolitical struggles on these entities.
A compostagem como alternativa para redução e aproveitamento de resíduos sólidos orgânicos de grandes geradores de resíduos no município de Goiânia: estudo de caso do restaurante Cidadão do setor Campinas - Goiânia/GO
Authors: de Sá Almeida Costa Silva Nádya , Antonieta da Fonseca Zang Warde , Bueno da Fonseca Regina Célia
Published: April 2023

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo de caso no restaurante Cidadão, localizado na Avenida Anhanguera, n° 8.473, Quadra 97, Setor Campinas - Goiânia/GO. Pretende-se analisar, caracterizar e quantificar os resíduos por meio de dois métodos e, a partir dos resultados obtidos de composição, avaliar se a compostagem é viável ou não. São servidas diariamente cerca de 2.400 refeições, e os locais de geração levantados são a cozinha e o salão de alimentação. Entende-se a partir dos resultados e da literatura estudada que a compostagem é viável no local, e que o melhor método a ser aplicado é o de leiras estáticas com aeração natural. O emprego da compostagem em RSU aumenta consideravelmente a vida de aterros sanitários, sendo a parcela correspondente ao aumento do horizonte de vida dos locais de disposição final relativos apenas aos grandes geradores, cerca de 0,342 ano.
Palavras-chave: Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos. Compostagem. Grande Gerador de Resíduos.
Estimativa e mapeamento de chuva de projeto, a partir da distribuição GEV e momentos-LH, para a região Oeste do Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Steffen Ana Paula , Steffen Patrícia Cristina , Pansera Wagner Alessandro , Dalposso Gustavo Henrique , Martins Gomes Benedito
Published: April 2023

Estudos de precipitação máxima têm destaque em projetos de Engenharia, vistas as perdas que suas consequências podem gerar. Instalações prediais de água pluvial captam e conduzem a água incidente na edificação à rede de drenagem. A chuva de projeto é um parâmetro de dimensionamento da instalação predial, e para obtenção de sua intensidade a NBR 10844/1989 sugere uso de dados locais de chuva; quando não há dados, a norma indica a adoção de 150 mm/h para áreas de projeção horizontal menor que 100 m². Então, o estudo estimou valores locais de intensidade de chuva a partir da distribuição Generalizada de Valores Extremos (GEV) e Momentos-LH. Foram estudados 64 postos pluviométricos da região Oeste do Paraná e seus quantis com Tr de 1, 5 e 25 anos. A desagregação de chuvas foi aplicada para obter a intensidade da chuva de duração de 5 minutos. Verificou-se que para Tr de 1 ano os valores estão abaixo de 150 mm/h, enquanto, para os demais, a maioria é superior à referência. Por fim, os resultados foram espacializados em mapas gerados pela Krigagem Ordinária.
Palavras-chave: Rede de drenagem urbana. Instalações prediais. Curva IDF. Distribuição Generalizada de Valores Extremos. Momentos-LH. Krigagem Ordinária.
ВЛИЯНИЕ УСЛОВИЙ ПРОРАЩИВАНИЯ КЛУБНЕЙ КАРТОФЕЛЯ СОРТА «КАВКАЗ» НА КАЧЕСТВО ЭКСПЛАНТОВ ПРИ ВВЕДЕНИИ В СТЕРИЛЬНУЮ КУЛЬТУРУ
Authors: Собралиева Э.А. , Мехтиев А.А.
Published: April 2023

В работе представлены результаты исследований по изучению влияния различных условий проращивания клубней на скорость развития и качество побегов. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о целесообразности внесезонного проращивания клубней картофеля в условиях климат-камеры MEMMERT HPP. Результаты исследований могут применяться для работы с культурой клеток и тканей картофеля для получения исходного семенного материала в биотехнологии растений, в картофелеводстве.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ПРЕПАРАТА PLAGRON POWER ROOTS НА РОСТ И РАЗВИТИЕ РАСТЕНИЙ СЕМЕННОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ
Authors: Титова Л.А. , Магомадов С.А.
Published: April 2023

В программу исследований входило проведение опыта на Терско-Кумских песках, направленного на выявление эффективности действия некорневых подкормок с использованием биостимулятора PLAGRON Power Roots. Это органический стимулятор роста корневой системы. Применяется во время фазы роста. Помимо стимулирования корнеобразования, препарат повышает общую сопротивляемость растения к болезням. Этот экономный препарат (состав его NPK 1-0-2) работает быстро и всасывается растением практически моментально. Результаты проведенных исследований убедительно доказали эффективность применения биопрепарата PLAGRON Power Roots на рост и развитие перспективных сортов винограда.
УРОЖАЙНОСТЬ НЕКОТОРЫХ СОРТОВ ФАСОЛИ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ
Authors: Шагаипов М.М. , Эсхаджиева Х.Х.
Published: April 2023

Фасолевые растения используют как продовольственные зерновые, овощные, кормовые и декоративные, на зеленое удобрение, а также в медицине благодаря многим целебным свойствам. В статье указаны калорийность, дана характеристика и способы возделывания на орошаемых участках Чеченской Республики. Фасоль в полной спелости включает в себя до 6% белка, а также витамины В3, В6, В12, С, К, Р, сахар, минеральные соли кальция, железа и другие вещества, которые необходимы в питании человеческому организму. В фасоли в 3,5 раза больше калорий, чем в картофеле, и в 1,5 раза больше, чем в хлебе, были проведены агробиологические оценки сортов кустовой фасоли, представлены влияние бактериальных удобрений на семена. Изучены продуктивные качества фасоли, анатомическое строение бобов, приведены анализы степени увлажнения периода вегетации за годы агробиологического изучения, а также проведены учеты урожайности фасоли разных сортов в Чеченской Республике.
АГРОЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ СОРТОИЗУЧЕНИЕ ОЗИМОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ НА ВЫЩЕЛОЧЕННЫХ ЧЕРНОЗЕМАХ ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ
Authors: Абдулаев С.С.
Published: April 2023

В статье представлены результаты по сортоизучению 10 сортов озимой мягкой пшеницы в условиях Чеченской Республики. Озимая пшеница является одной из самых важнейших продовольственных культур на планете. Пшеница занимают важную роль и в продовольственной безопасности Российской Федерации. Она обеспечивает половину всего производимого в стране зерна. Озимой пшенице в республике уделяется серьезное внимание. Ее выращивают на площади около 100 тыс. га и в ближайшие годы посевы озимых планируется увеличить. Поэтому подбор сортов озимой пшеницы является актуальной и своевременной задачей современных ученых-аграриев. Целью исследований являлось изучение продуктивности новых сортов озимой мягкой пшеницы, выявление возможных параметров формирования урожая и предложение сельхозтоваропроизводителям перспективных сортов озимой пшеницы. Объектами исследований являлись следующие сорта: Ахмат, Южанка, Протон, Граф, Тимирязевка 150, Васса, Ермак, Аксинья, Былина Дона, Майкопчанка. Анализ полученных двухлетних данных позволяет сделать следующие выводы: почвенно-климатические условия Чеченской Республики позволяют получать высокие урожаи мягкой озимой пшеницы; максимальная урожайность зерна была получена у сорта Ахмат – 7,06 т/га, он также был лидером и по таким показателям структуры урожая, как количество продуктивных стеблей, длина колоса, масса зерна с 1 колоса и масса 1000 зёрен; высокая урожайность зерна была отмечена также у сортов Южанка, Граф и Ермак – 6,56, 6,38 и 6,36 т/га, соответственно.
ИНТЕНСИВНЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ВЫРАЩИВАНИЯ ТОМАТА В УСЛОВИЯХ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ТЕПЛИЦ
Authors: Адаев Н.Л. , Исаева П.М.
Published: April 2023

Выращивание овощей в защищенном грунте является одним из самых требовательных и интенсивных форм сельскохозяйственных предприятий. В отличие от традиционной технологии, интенсивная технология в большей степени учитывает биологические особенности томата, его потребности, возможность регулировать или оптимизировать основные факторы жизни растений. Технология выращивания овощей в теплицах меняются, в результате, на сегодняшний день, благодаря способности управлять факторами жизни растений, тепличные комплексы имеют возможности получать высокие и качественные урожаи. Для поддерживания оптимальной среды в современных теплицах используют компьютеры, управляющие многочисленными устройствами, с использованием водных параметров. При соблюдении общей технологии определены оптимальные значения для выращивания томата.
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ МИНЕРАЛЬНЫХ УДОБРЕНИЙ НА КАРТОФЕЛЕ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЖЕТЫСУСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Authors: Амиров Б.М. , Сейтменбетова А.Т. , Кулымбет К.К.
Published: April 2023

В полевых опытах общая сухая биомасса (СБ) и площадь листьев (ПЛ) растений картофеля положительно реагировали на одностороннее внесение азотных и калийных удобрений и отрицательно на их совместное применение. В период между всходами и бутонизацией растений картофеля эффект от одностороннего применения азотного удобрения на чистую продуктивность фотосинтеза (ЧПФ) имел положительный, но постепенно убывающий характер, а раздельное применение фосфорного и совместное применение азотного с калийным удобрением имели положительный эффект. В период между началом бутонизации и интенсивным клубнеобразованием ЧПФ немного уменьшалась от применения азотных и фосфорных удобрений, но от взаимодействия азотного с фосфорным и фосфорного с калийным удобрениями она повышалась. На валовый урожай картофеля наибольший положительный эффект оказывали азотные, затем калийные удобрения, а эффект от фосфорных удобрений оказался очень низким. Расчетные дозы удобрений на 97 % обеспечили формирование запланированного уровня урожайности - 50 т/га. В среднем растения картофеля использовали 66 % азота, 26 % фосфора и 59 % калия из удобрений. На 1 тонну клубней картофель потреблял 4,4-5,8 кг азота, 1,6-2,0 кг фосфора и 4,6-6,1 кг калия. Математические модели зависимости ростовых, продуктивных и нормативных показателей картофеля от минеральных удобрений достаточно адекватно описывают (R=0,727-0,958) полученные экспериментальные данные.
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ УРОЖАЙНОСТИ СОРТОВ ОЗИМОГО ЯЧМЕНЯ В ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКЕ
Authors: Гишкаева Л.С. , Гайрабекова Т.И.
Published: April 2023

Проведенные исследования позволяют проанализировать продуктивность сортов озимого ячменя в зависимости от воздействия факторов внешней среды, их морфолого-биологических и хозяйственных признаков для возделывания в Чеченской Республике. Статистический анализ экспериментальных данных проведен в программе Microsoft Excel. Осуществлен математический расчет основных статистических показателей, позволяющих выявить различия между сортами озимого ячменя по формированию урожая зерна и целесообразности расширения площадей их возделывания.
Weierstrass Representation of Lightlike Surfaces in Lorentz-Minkowski 4-Space
Authors: Devald Davor , Milin Sipus Z.
Published: April 2023

We present a Weierstrass-type representation formula which locally represents every regular two-dimensional lightlike surface in Lorentz-Minkowski 4-Space $\mathbb{M}^4$ by three dual functions $(\rho,f,g)$ and generalizes the representation for regular lightlike surfaces in $\mathbb{M}^3$. We give necessary and sufficient conditions on the functions $\rho$, $f$, $g$ for the surface to be minimal, ruled or $l$-minimal. For ruled lightlike surfaces, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the representation itself to be ruled. Furthermore, we give a result on totally geodesic half-lightlike surfaces which holds only in $\mathbb{M}^4$.
PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR KELAS III PADA TEMA ENERGI DAN PERUBAHANNYA
Authors: Ayu Rieke , Mulyawati Yuli , Nugraha Angga
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk adanya peningkatan hasil belajar terhadap peserta didik dengan digunakannya model problem based learning pada kelas III SDN Layungsari 2 Kota Bogor. Penelitian ini berjenis PTK dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan 4 tahap yaitu: (1) Perencanaan, (2) Pelaksanaan, (3) Pengamatan, dan (4) Refleksi. Hasil pengamatan pada siklus I ketuntansan peserta didik 73 %  dengan kulaifikasi cukup baik (C) dan terjadi peningkatan pada siklus II yang memiliki presentase 92% dengan kualifikasi sangat baik (A). Berdasarkan pemaparan diatas dapat diambil kesimpulan yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan model problem based learning ini dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik pada Tema Perubahan Energi kelas III Sekolah Dasar.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING BERBANTU MEDIA TANGRAM TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MATERI BANGUN DATAR
Authors: Niranty Agtri , Irdiyansyah Iyan , A Gani Resyi
Published: April 2023

The Influence of Application of Problem Based Learning Model Assisted by Tangram Media on Mathematics Learning Outcomes of Flat Shape Material. This study uses a quasi-experimental approach at Pabuaran State Elementary School 04. Research Subjects are fourth grade students of Pabuaran State Elementary School 04. The study was conducted in the even semester of the 2021/2022 academic year. The results of the study indicate that there is an effect of applying the Problem Based Learning model with the aid of tangram media on the learning outcomes of mathematics in the flat wake material. this can be seen from the N-gain value in the experimental class which is 65.23 while the control class is 54.25. The completeness of learning outcomes in the experimental class is 73.07% and the control class is 50%. And the results of hypothesis testing that the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and Ha is accepted because tcount (3.42) > ttable (2.01063). Thus, it can be concluded that the research has a positive and significant influence on the application of the Problem Based Learning model with the aid of tangram media on the learning outcomes of flat-shaped materials.
Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response System: An Intervention to Reduce Maternal and Perinatal Deaths in Africa; Using Nigeria as a Case Study
Authors: Kiroso Isaac Tenzek
Published: April 2023

Zero maternal and early neonatal deaths from preventable causes have been a global target for many years. There has been observed improvement as the trends have reduced for the past 20 years globally. While this can be seen as a considerable global reduction, it is, however, not uniform to continents, regions, and Nations. Of note, Sub-Saharan African countries remain the worst affected. Healthcare solutions to manage or prevent complications in pregnancy and childbirth are well known. While access to quality skilled care has been accepted globally as a major solution to the reduction of maternal and perinatal deaths and it is the greatest need of every woman, the majority of countries in Sub-Saharan Africa lack an accountability framework to ensure every woman in childbirth receive the right care, every time. For this reason, the sustainable development goals called for a renewed focus, and the healthcare system is held accountable for quality service provision. This article appreciates the efforts and approaches African Countries have put to close the gap. However, after several years of implementation, the goal remains far from being achieved. This article, therefore, provides the significance of adopting maternal and perinatal death surveillance and response (MPDSR) as a quality improvement methodology, using Nigeria as a case study. This will definitely contribute to the realization of global targets among countries in sub-Saharan Africa with a high burden of maternal deaths. It further explains why and how the MPDSR system works and outlines the structural and operational requirements for the implementation of the methodology.
Craniomandibular Shoulder Pain-An Underestimated Cause of Refractory Progressive Pain
Authors: Eller Gerhard
Published: April 2023

Background: Shoulder pain may originate from tears, inflammation or trauma to the shoulder itself or from dysfunctions in other body regions. The temporomandibular joint is connected to the shoulder by the Nervus accessorius and its branches and hence, patients with craniomandibular dysfunction (CMD) and concomitant shoulder pain may benefit from treatment of CMD-related symptoms to alleviate the pain. We therefore aimed at assessing the impact of an osteopathic-manual intervention in the temporomandibular joint on shoulder pain in CMD patients. Methods: 49 CMD patients with chronic shoulder pain persisting for at least four months were recruited and subjected to a weekly osteopathic CMD intervention for four weeks. Self-reported pain intensity, impact on daily activities and sleep, and maximum working height were assessed by questionnaires at baseline and after the intervention. Changes in motion (attainable position with the affected arm, shoulder function, abduction, flexion, external rotation) were assessed by two chiropractors. Statistical analysis was conducted with Chi-square test (answer frequencies) and Wilcoxon test (comparison of means before and after). Results: Shoulder pain intensity on a scale from 0 (no pain) to 15 (strongest pain) was significantly reduced by the intervention from 9.7 ± 2.7 (range: 5-13.5) to 2.9 ± 2.7 (range: 0-11; p<0.001). Impairment of occupational and leisure activities due to shoulder pain was reduced from more than 50% impairment before the intervention to less than 50% impairment after the intervention (p<0.001). Working height was significantly increased by the intervention from belt height or chest height to crown height (p<0.01). A significant improvement of sleep disturbances due to the shoulder pain was noted, with most patients experiencing no such disturbances after the intervention (p<0.01). Flexion significantly increased from 97.8 degrees to 154.5 degrees (p<0.001), abduction from 86.7 degrees to 153.7 degrees (p<0.001), and external rotation from 33.6 degrees to 48.2 degrees (p<0.001). Conclusion: The results demonstrate that shoulder pain concomitant with CMD may be alleviated by osteopathic-manual treatment of the temporomandibular joint, thereby reducing pain intensity and sleep disturbances, and improving quality of life.
IntraPsychic Activation Model (IPAM)
Authors: Vaknin Sam
Published: April 2023

The experience of reality is comprised of data from both the external and the internal environments. The inputs are mediated, structured, and reframed via constructs which activate introjects to produce automatic thoughts. These thoughts affect behaviours intended to modify the environment to conform to a self-state, buttress, and validate it. Constructs also select memories in order to prevent dissonance and anxiety between recall and self-state. They dissociate memories, alter their emotional content and correlate via attribution and reframing, and impose selectivity. The construct organizes the output from the introjects according to an algorithm (“identity”) which provides, for each specific environment, selection criteria of self-states and corresponding introjects.
Overview of Interleukin-6 Levels in COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) Patients at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia
Authors: Rahman Adhika , Irvan Medison  , Afriani Afriani
Published: April 2023

Background: COVID-19 infection can cause an exaggerated immune response. This immune response is associated with an increase in proinflammatory cytokines, especially interleukin-6 (IL-6). High IL-6 levels are found in the acute stage of COVID-19, and IL-6 can induce an excessive humoral inflammatory response. This study aimed to provide an overview of IL-6 levels in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia.

Methods: Descriptive observational study of 102 research subjects. Observations on sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory data were carried out in this study. Univariate analysis was carried out using SPSS version 25.

Results: Patients with symptom onset <7 days had higher IL-6 levels than those with an onset of more than 7 days. Patients with critical degrees have the highest IL-6 levels compared to moderate and severe degrees. Patients with more than 1 comorbid had higher IL-6 levels than patients who had no comorbid or only had 1 comorbid. Patients with <21 days of treatment had higher IL-6 levels than patients with more than 21 days of treatment.

Conclusion: COVID-19 patients at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia, with an onset of less than 7 days, a critical degree, and more than 1 comorbidity have higher IL-6 levels.
Implementasi Manajemen Perubahan dalam Mengembangkan Budaya Organisasi di SMP Negeri 36 Kota Bandung
Authors: Hidayat Wahyu , Tiarawati Yara
Published: April 2023

This study aims to determine the Implementation of Change Management and the steps taken by the School in developing an organizational culture at SMPN 36 Bandung. This type of research is qualitative with a descriptive approach. Research data collection techniques using research methods namely observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique is by data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the principal's steps in implementing change management in developing an organizational culture in students are starting from planning, implementing and supervising the culture that has been established jointly by the teacher and student councils. As for the form of organizational culture at SMPN 36 Bandung, namely the school continues to carry out positive cultures that are already running, especially in shaping student character, starting from morning greetings, morning religious culture which includes reading asmaul husna together, praying dzuha together, reading the Qur’an together , then literacy culture activities, fit and clean culture are carried out every Friday. All these positive activities are implemented at school. Based on this, it can be concluded that the Implementation of Change Management in developing the Organizational Culture of SMPN 36 Bandung has been going well. Judging from the existing changes, both in terms of time and means.
Oxidative stress and inflammation: the root causes of aging
Authors: Prasert Sobhon , Gavin Savedvanich , Sawaek Weerakiet
Published: April 2023

Oxygen free radicals [reactive oxygen species (ROS)] and nitrogen free radicals [reactive nitrogen species (RNS)] are generated by mitochondria during adenosine triphosphate synthesis, and catalytic activities of cytochrome P450, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases (NOXs), cyclooxygenases, and nitric oxide synthases during drug catabolism, phagocytosis, and acute inflammation. Under normal circumstances, low levels of ROS and RNS provide redox signalings that control many essential physiological processes. As age progresses ROS and RNS increase excessively due to dysfunctional mitochondria, dysregulated NOX, and other free-radical generating sources, leading to oxidative stress, which causes oxidation and denaturation of key cellular components including DNA, proteins, and lipids, which become abnormal, constituting damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), recognized as ‘non-self’ by immune cells, leading to inflammation which is mediated by nuclear factor kappa B-inflammasome, p38-c-Jun N-terminal kinase and Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription pathways. DAMPs are continuously released from damaged and senescent cells, causing an otherwise normally transient inflammation turning into systemic chronic inflammation, the root cause of aging and age-associated diseases (AADs). Cells restore redox balance by activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway that induces the synthesis and release of antioxidation molecules and enzymes including haem oxygenase-1, which also inhibits the three inflammatory pathways. Furthermore, upregulation of autophagy (AP) can get rid of abnormal molecules, prevent the generation of DAMPs, and attenuate inflammation. Both AP and Nrf2 signalings decrease with age. The upregulations of Nrf2, AP, and downregulation of inflammation are controlled by sensors of energy and stress levels, i.e., adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, silent information regulator 1, and Sestrins, as well as the extracellular matrix, while mammalian targets for rapamycin complex 1, a nutrient sensor, act in the opposite direction. If the balance of these sensor systems becomes dysregulated, aging process accelerates, and the risk of AADs increases.
Terrorist and Non-terrorist Threats to European Security
Authors: P. Schmid Alex
Published: April 2023

When we talk about European Security, we take it for granted that we all know what “Europe” means. Yet we might not all have the same Europe in mind: is it about the defense of territory or the defense of European values? Almost until the 18th century, our peninsula to the west of Asia, was generally not known as Europe but known as the land of Christendom or Christianity. Only when it began to sink into the minds of more and more people that there was a whole other world out there, beyond the Atlantic and the Urals, and when the new thinking of the enlightenment took broader roots, the peculiar geographic and cultural nature of Europe became more apparent.
Quo Vadis Humanity? A View of Some Current Global Security Threats and Challenges
Authors: Ivančik Radoslav , Kazansky Rastislav
Published: April 2023

Human society is constantly changing and evolving. It changes and develops as a whole; just as individual areas of society change and develop, too. As the new millennium began to unfold, one of the most dynamically changing and developing areas of human society is the area of security. It was transformed in a significant way after the end of the Cold War and the end of the bipolar division of the world, when there were fundamental changes in the global and regional security environment. It is also very significantly influenced by increasingly deepening globalization, which brings not only many positives, but also many negatives, which appear mainly in the form of new asymmetric security threats and challenges. That is also why the authors in their article, using relevant methods of interdisciplinary scientific research, deal with selected significant global security threats and challenges that pose a danger to the entire human society.
Knee osteoarthritis clinical practice guidelines should pay more attention to identify and report research priorities to increase research value and decrease waste: a systematic review
Authors:   Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China, Gao Yicheng , Liu Zhihan , Cao Rui , Feng Yuting , Tao Liyuan , Su Chengyuan , Guan Xinmiao , Fang Rui , Deng Yingjie , Xiang Wenyuan , Fei Yutong
Published: April 2023

Review question / Objective: Clinical practice guideline development group systematic summary of research evidence, so they have the most capacity and energy to identify research priorities. We systematically evaluated the reporting form and content of research priorities in clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) related to knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Information sources: We searched 6 databases including PubMed, Embase, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, Wanfang, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. In addition, The official websites of 40 authoritative orthopedic societies, rheumatology societies and guideline development organizations were additionally searched.
Assessment of the bank’s operational risk criticality level based on neural network technologies
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute (MAI), Chumakova Ekaterina V. , Korneev Dmitry G. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Gasparian Mikhail S. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Makhov Ilia S. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the issues of controlling the operational risks of a credit institution arising in the process of using IT technologies. Among banking risks, operational risk occupies a special place, primarily due to the fact, that it affects various areas of banking activity and is difficult to separate from other types of risk. Operational risks arise, among other things, as a result of downtime or incorrect operation of technical systems and equipment. Due to the constant growth in the degree of automation of banking business processes, new IT risk groups are emerging that can have a significant impact on the activities of a credit institution. The aim of the work is to create an artificial neural network using the high-level Keras library in Python, which automatically controls the level of criticality of the IT risk that has arisen. In the article, based on the analysis of risk events associated with the use of IT technologies, the data flows entering the input of the neural network is identified and its structure is determined. The paper also presents the results of training a neural network created by the authors based on the generated data sets. The use of intelligent methods for assessing the level of criticality of operational IT risk allows you to quickly take measures to minimize the consequences, and thus reduce direct and indirect losses. In connection with the above, the automation of operational risk management based on the use of neural network technologies is currently one of the most urgent tasks for credit institutions. The results obtained are new and can be used by credit institutions in the process of building automated systems for monitoring and managing operational risks.
Structural modeling of existing and improved control algorithms for thyristor switching devices of uninterruptible power supply units for auxiliary needs of nuclear power plants
Authors:   Branch of the National Research University “MPEI” in Smolensk, Rozhkov Vyacheslav V. , Fedotov Vladimir V. ,   Branch of the National Research University “MPEI” in Smolensk, Krutikov Kirill K. ,   Branch of the National Research University “MPEI” in Smolensk, Butrimov Sergey G. ,   Branch of the Rosenergoatom Concern Joint-Stock Company Smolensk Nuclear Power Plant
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes the operation of thyristor automatic switching devices for uninterruptible power supply units of nuclear power plants. They are part of the emergency power supply system for auxiliary electrical equipment with a rated voltage of 0.4 kV. In such a reliable power supply system for especially responsible consumers, alternative networks and backup sources are necessarily used. Typically, groups of consumers for auxiliary needs of nuclear power plants are powered from the inverter network, so that in the event of a shutdown of the backup bypass network, these loads continue to be powered by the uninterruptible power supply unit. It incorporates a charger – a controlled rectifier, a battery pack and a transistor inverter. The transition from one network to another in any direction must be “shockless” in order to avoid the operation of the protections of uninterruptible power units and other electrical protections of the reliable power supply system. If there are failures in the algorithms or their irrational organization, the processes of transition between networks may be accompanied by a violation of uninterrupted power supply or phase-to-phase short circuits. A structural simulation model has been created in the MatLab computer mathematics system for testing transition algorithms for various phase shifts of networks and transition directions. The algorithm of transition between networks for uninterruptible power units of one of the manufacturing companies that supplied equipment to nuclear power plants was analyzed. A safer optimal algorithm for controlling network switching with phase-by-phase control of the current drop in the disconnected network is proposed. The proposals are supported by the results of computer simulations.
Intelligent support for managing the processing of ore raw materials based on case management and ontological models
Authors:   Branch of the National Research University “MPEI” in Smolensk, Chernovalova Margarita V. , Borisov Vadim V. ,   Branch of the National Research University “MPEI” in Smolensk, Vlasova Ekaterina A. ,   Synergy University
Published: April 2023

The article discusses the possibility of applying a precedent approach to improve the efficiency of control of thermophysical and chemical-energy-technological processes of processing ore raw materials. As an example, one of the variants of such processes is considered – heat treatment of pelletized phosphate raw materials. To form the knowledge base of an intelligent system, it is proposed to jointly use a compositional ontological model, which includes two ontologies, each of which is focused on describing one of the subject areas under consideration: thermophysical and chemical-energy-technological processes of heat treatment of pelletized phosphate ore processing plants. The use of this model makes it possible to take into account both the specific properties and characteristics of the processes under consideration, as well as unique tasks and management indicators, avoiding the need to form a generalized holistic ontology that would reflect these subject areas in a simplified form. The use of a compositional ontological model also makes it possible to store information not only in quantitative but also in qualitative form. To form solutions to provide support for the processes of managing the processing of ore raw materials, it is proposed to use a new modified case-based approach, which consists in the possibility of working with the proposed compositional ontological model in determining the closest solution to the current situation, as well as the formation of quantitative values of these decisions based on the information presented in linguistic form. It is possible to take into account the degree of significance of each of the ontologies when developing solutions for each individual current situation that arises when managing the processing of ore raw materials.