bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efetividade de selantes de fossas e fissuras aplicados por estudantes de Odontologia na prevenção de cárie
Authors: Marques Viviane Silveira , Andres Guilhermo Enrico Sartori de Oliveira , Figueiredo Daniela De Rossi
Published: October 2018

Objetivo: avaliar a efetividade dos selantes aplicados por estudantes do curso de graduação em Odontolo­gia da Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (Unisul), Grande Florianópolis, após 6 meses da aplicação, e estimar a prevalência de cárie dos participantes. Su­jeitos e método: estudo observacional descritivo com indivíduos das clínicas de Odontologia. A efetividade dos selantes oclusais foi avaliada por roteiro validado na literatura, e a prevalência de cárie, dicotomizada. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva e as associações pelo teste Qui-Quadrado. Resultados: a taxa de resposta do estudo foi de 94,7% (n=18), 2/3 da amostra eram do sexo feminino (72,2% IC 95% 49,1;87,5), 60% dos pacientes recebiam 3 salários mínimos ou menos, maiores proporções de indivíduo tinham selados seus dentes há pelo menos 9 meses. Pouco menos de 2/3 da amostra receberam Fluroshield como material restaurador em seus dentes. Dentre os 57 dentes avaliados, 70,2% apresentavam retenção to­tal. Os dentes mais acometidos pela perda de retenção foram os segundos molares superiores (40%). Mais de 2/3 da amostra não apresentaram cárie (88,9% IC 95% 67,2; 96,9). O isolamento relativo foi o mais prevalente (72,2% IC 95% 49,1;87,5). Conclusão: sob a perspecti­va das práticas dos estudantes de Odontologia, metade da amostra de pacientes apresentou alguma perda de retenção dos selantes, mesmo que um número maior de retenções totais e a ausência de recidiva de cárie tenham sido observados. Isso reflete a importância da relação professor-aluno no planejamento e na correta aplicação das técnicas de selamento por estudantes de Odontologia.
Editorial - A iniciação científica é fundamental para inovação e desenvolvimento sustentável
Authors: Bona Alvaro Della
Published: October 2018

Editorial
DO SUBÚRBIO DE PARIS À GUIANA FRANCESA, ITINERÁRIO DE UM FRANCÊS QUE SE TORNOU UM “PORTUGUÊS IMAGINÁRIO” NO BRASIL E UM “BRASILEIRO IMAGINÁRIO” NA FRANÇA
Authors: Granger Stéphane
Published: October 2018

O encontro de um jovem francês com a língua portuguesa, e todas as aventuras, de Portugal ao Brasil e até a Guiana francesa, que seguiram.
O PORTUGUÊS COMO LÍNGUA DE HERANÇA NA GUIANA FRANCESA: ENTRE REALIDADES E POTENCIALIDADES
Authors: Silva Karen Kennia Couto
Published: October 2018

O aumento dos fluxos migratórios internacionais e o crescente estabelecimento de comunidades de imigrantes no exterior têm suscitado estudos que buscam compreender não somente as causas e os perfis migratórios, mas também questões relacionadas aos direitos do imigrante/emigrante para uma melhor inserção social dessas comunidades. Ademais, desde a Declaração Universal dos Direitos Linguísticos (UNESCO, 1996), tem sido demandada aos Estados a necessidade de assegurar tais direitos por meio de políticas públicas. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar e descrever um dispositivo de política linguística francesa em favor do português como língua de herança na Guiana Francesa: a Section Internationale Brésilienne do Lycée Melkior-Garré. Para tanto, em um primeiro momento, procuraremos contextualizar a política linguística enquanto política pública, com o intuito de melhor compreender o nosso objeto de estudo. Em seguida, apresentaremos diferentes definições de língua de herança (LH), ressaltando as diversas nomenclaturas adotadas e os diferentes contextos de uso em estudos da área da Linguística Aplicada. A partir desse percurso, argumentaremos que a Section Internationale Brésilienne do Lycée Melkior-Garré é uma importante experiência de ensino de português na Guiana Francesa, na qual o governo brasileiro pode se apoiar para conformar sua própria política com vistas à promoção do português como língua de herança.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE O ENSINO DE PORTUGUÊS COMO LÍNGUA ADICIONAL NO ÂMBITO DO PROGRAMA DE ESTUDANTES-CONVÊNIO DE GRADUAÇÃO (PEC-G): ACOLHIMENTO DE ESTUDANTES E FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES
Authors: Cândido Marcela Dezotti
Published: October 2018

Há mais de cinquenta anos, o governo brasileiro mantém, por meio do Programa de Estudantes-Convênio de Graduação (PEC-G), acordos com países em desenvolvimento, oferecendo vagas em cursos de graduação em universidades brasileiras para estudantes das nações conveniadas. Como parte do convênio, oferece cursos de Português como Língua Adicional (PLA) para estudantes oriundos de países que não possuem posto aplicador do Certificado de Proficiência em Língua Portuguesa para Estrangeiros (Celpe-Bras). A partir do relato de experiência de uma das professoras de PLA para o pré-PEC-G, este artigo problematiza questões referentes ao acolhimento dos conveniados ao programa, além de buscar desconstruir imagens negativas geralmente atribuídas aos estudantes do PEC-G. Por fim, discutiremos algumas experiências positivas com relação à formação docente. O relato destaca diferenças entre esse programa e outros convênios de intercâmbio, aponta de quem é, muitas vezes, a maior responsabilidade junto ao PEC-G e expõe possíveis ações que têm potencial de promover vivências de aprendizagem positivas para os estudantes e de proporcionar experiências significativas relacionadas à formação do professor. Ao empreender este estudo, buscamos conhecer mais a fundo as particularidades do convênio PEC-G, desconstruir visões que essencializam os estudantes desse grupo e discutir maneiras de como lidar com as especificidades do programa, sobretudo no que diz respeito ao ensino de PLA.
ENSINO DE PORTUGUÊS COMO LÍNGUA ADICIONAL NA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO AMAPÁ: AÇÕES DE POLÍTICA DE LÍNGUAS EM CONTEXTO DE INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO
Authors: Alencar Tiêgo Ramon dos Santos
Published: October 2018

Este trabalho objetiva traçar um breve panorama de ações de políticas de ensino de Português Língua Adicional (PLA) na Universidade Federal do Amapá (UNIFAP) e analisar de que forma essas ações foram concebidas como parte da construção de políticas de internacionalização (BIZON, 2013; ANDREOTTI et. al, 2015; SHOHAMY, 2006; SPOLSKY, 2004;) na instituição. Para tanto, à luz de uma pesquisa qualitativo-interpretativista (LANKSHEAR; KNOBEL, 2008; MAHER, 2010; TEIXEIRA, 2010), foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas e conversas informais com professores da UNIFAP, bem como consultas a informações em sites com o domínio da universidade. De maneira geral, constatou-se que as ações elencadas são em nível de extensão e que foram originadas a partir da aplicação do Certificado de Proficiência em Língua Portuguesa para Estrangeiros. Constatou-se ainda que as ações são recentes e que, para serem executadas, foi exigido um esforço maior de agentes sociais locais, os quais, na maioria das vezes, não encontraram o devido apoio. Nesse cenário, advoga-se pela potencialização da área de PLA na UNIFAP por meio de ações que sejam fruto de diálogos efetivos entre horizontalidades e verticalidades (M. SANTOS, 2001).
Trajetória e desafios acadêmicos
Authors: Krahô Letícia JÔKÀHKWYJ
Published: October 2018

Relato de experiência com português como segunda língua
APRESENTAÇÃO - PORTUGUÊS COMO LÍNGUA ADICIONAL EM CONTEXTOS DE MINORIAS: (CO)CONSTRUINDO SENTIDOS A PARTIR DAS MARGENS
Authors: Cossi Bizon Ana Cecília , Diniz Leandro Rodrigues Alves
Published: October 2018

DOSSIÊ: PORTUGUÊS COMO LÍNGUA ADICIONAL EM CONTEXTOS DE MINORIAS: (CO)CONSTRUINDO SENTIDOS A PARTIR DAS MARGENS  Organizadores:Ana Cecília Cossi Bizon (Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem –Unicamp)Leandro Rodrigues Alves Diniz (Faculdade de Letras - UFMG)
“Heartbeat in the head”–An atypical presentation of Dural Arteriovenous Malformation
Authors: Singh Shekhawat Ravindra , Hoe Lim Winston Eng , Kok Pin Yong , De Silva Deidre Anne , Sumit Sonu Kumar
Published: October 2018

Pulsatile tinnitus is an uncommon presenting symptom and is perceived to be repetitively synchronous with the patient’s heartbeat. Prompt recognition of this rare symptom and subsequent early identification of the underlying etiology is essential for timely management to prevent potentially major complications. Here we highlight a case of a middle-aged female who presented with symptom of ‘heartbeat in the head’ and was later found to have left dural arteriovenous fistula.
Effect of implementing infection control guidelines on minimizing surgical wound infection for patients undergoing neurosurgery
Authors: Abdelmowla Rasha Ali Ahmed , Essa Abdelhakeem A.
Published: October 2018

Background and objective: Nursing role delivered at all levels of care is critical to eliminate surgical wound infection after neurosurgery. Aim: Evaluate the effect of implementing infection control guidelines on minimizing surgical wound infection for patients undergoing neurosurgery.Methods: Pretest/posttest was used to assess and evaluate nurses' practices pre and post implementation of infection control guidelines while posttest only was used for patients to evaluate the effect of implementing infection control guidelines on minimizing surgical wound infection. Thirty-six nurses in neurosurgery department at Assiut Neurological, Psychiatric and Neurosurgery University Hospital, also 443 patients undergoing neurosurgery were included. Nurses' practices were assessed pre and post implementation of infection control guidelines. Tools: Nurses' observation checklist, patients’ assessment sheet, patients’ follow up sheet and neurosurgery infection control guidelines (teaching booklet) for nurses. Results: Nurses’ practices were improved, infection in neurosurgery was eradicated according to results of environmental swabs and surgical wound infection was reduced post implementation of infection control guidelines.Conclusion and recommendation: Proper implementation of disinfection and sterilization enhance safe and effective care. Infection control policy should be developed in neurosurgery department and all healthcare team should be responsible to adhere and implement it.
Gunshot Wounds to the Upper Extremity
Authors: Omid Reza , Stone Michael A. , Zalavras Charalampos G. , Marecek Geoffrey S.
Published: October 2018

Upper extremity gunshot wounds result in notable morbidity for the orthopaedic trauma patient. Critical neurovascular structures are particularly at risk. The fractures are often comminuted and may be associated with a variable degree of soft-tissue injury. The literature lacks consensus regarding antibiotic selection and duration, and indications for surgical débridement. Bullets and/or bullet fragments should be removed in cases of plumbism, intra-articular location, nerve impingement, location within a vessel, and location in a subcutaneous position within the hand and/or wrist. Gunshot fractures generally do not follow common fracture patterns seen in blunt injuries, and the complexity of certain gunshot fractures can often be a challenge for the treating orthopaedic surgeon. Common plate and screw constructs may not adequately stabilize these injuries, and innovative fixation techniques may be required. The treatment for bone defects varies by location and severity of injury, and typically requires staged treatment. Nerve injuries after gunshot wounds are common, but spontaneous nerve recovery is expected in most cases.
A Comparison of Limb Salvage Versus Amputation for Nonmetastatic Sarcomas Using Patient-reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Outcomes
Authors: Wilke Benjamin , Cooper Anna , Scarborough Mark , Gibbs Parker , Spiguel Andre
Published: October 2018

Introduction:

The Patient-reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) is a scoring tool that allows comparisons between patients with rare conditions and more common ailments, or the general US population. PROMIS outcomes were compared between the limb salvage and amputee patients for nonmetastatic sarcomas to the US population.

Methods:

One hundred thirty-eight patients were included in the analysis. Patients were divided into the limb salvage and amputee cohorts, as well as based on the follow-up (1 to 11 or 12+ months).

Results:

Seven PROMIS domains were evaluated, and higher scores were found in both the limb salvage group and patients >12 months from surgery. The limb salvage group also had improved emotional health compared with the US population.

Discussion:

Improvements in PROMIS values are observed in limb salvage patients and in patients >12 months from surgery. Limb salvage patients demonstrate improved emotional health compared with the US population.
Acute poisoning in children; Evaluation of cases admitted to Marmara University Hospital in 2015
Authors: TIPLAMAZ Sıtkı , KIRKPINAR Erkin , İNANICI Mehmet Akif
Published: October 2018

Objectives: According to Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat),6477 children aged between 1 and 17 years, died in 2015 and29.5% (n=1909) of these deaths were because of injuries due toexternal causes and poisoning. Our aim is to produce solutionsto this problem by evaluating demographics, clinical features ofpatients and the causes and consequences of poisoning.Materials and Methods: The hospital medical records ofchildren who were admitted with acute intoxication to PediatricEmergency Service at Marmara University Hospital in 2015, wereevaluated retrospectively.Results: In 2015, a total of 1110 patients applied to the hospitaldue to poisoning. Of these cases, 31.6% (n = 351) were children,about half of them were male (n = 173) and half were female (n= 178). The mean age of males was 6.24 years and mean age offemales was 8.47 years. Sixty percent (n=213) of patients were in0-6 age group, 8% (n=28) of patients were in 7-11 age group, 32% (n=110) of patients were in 12-18 age group. Forty-six pointone percent (n = 162) were poisoned with medications. Among thepharmaceuticals, paracetamol was the most commonly used agent(14.8%). In non-pharmaceuticals, caustic/corrosive substances(detergent, bleach, acetone etc.) were the most frequently usedagents (54%).Conclusion: In this study, 80.3% of the cases were preventableaccidental poisoning. Regulations on child-resistant packagingshould come into force as soon as possible.
Mutational spectrum and deep intronic variants in the factor VIII gene of haemophilia A patients
Authors: Oldenburg J. , Müller C. R. , Rost S. , Bach J. E.
Published: October 2018

Haemophilia A (HA) is caused by a broad spectrum of different mutation types in the factor VIII gene (F8). In our patient cohort of more than 2600 HA patients as well as in other published studies, the most frequent cause are missense mutations in different F8 exons or the recurrent intron 22 inversion. Some exons and several specific nucleotide positions represent hot spots for point mutations in the examined cohort. About 4 % of cases remain without mutation after routine HA diagnostic methods including inversion PCRs, Sanger sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Deep intronic mutations cannot be detected by current standard HA diagnostics but have been reported for several genetic disorders. However, next generation sequencing (NGS) of the whole genomic sequence of the F8 gene allows to identify deep intronic variants. Conclusion: In general, NGS provides an effective approach to screen for different HA causing mutation types in the F8 gene.
Peculiar laboratory phenotype/ genotype relationship due to compound inherited protein C defects in a child with severe venous thromboembolism
Authors: Bulato Cristiana , Campello Elena , Gavasso Sabrina , Maggiolo Sara , Tormene Daniela , Simioni Paolo
Published: October 2018

A 7-years-old child who developed unprovoked deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) was tested for inherited thrombophilia. Protein C (PC) antigen level (87 %) and PC coagulometric and amidolytic activities (12 % and 11 %, respectively) were consistent with a homozygous PC type IIA phenotype.

The patient was carrier of two heterozygous missense mutations causing p.Arg32Cys substitution associated with a type I PC defect (“null allele”, from the paternal side) and p.Gly433Ser substitution responsible for a type IIA PC defect (from the maternal side). Thus, the apparently normal PC antigen level in the proband was misleading in the interpretation of phenotype/genotype relationship of this compound PC defect. The child was also carrier of heterozygous prothrombin G20210A variant.

Severe venous thromboembolism can occur in otherwise healthy children with complex inherited thrombophilia. Careful laboratory characterization of the phenotype/genotype relationship can be crucial to correctly classify PC defects and for their management with anticoagulants or replacement therapy.
Congenital hypofibrinogenemia associated with γK232T
Authors: Misheng Zhao , Mingshan Wang , Zhefeng Lou , Xiaoli Chen , Dandan Yu , Xiaolong Li , Wenli Xia , Han Wang , Shenmeng Gao , Liqing Zhu
Published: October 2018

We have previously reported a case of congenital hypofibrinogenemia caused by a novel heterozygous A→C transition at nucleotide 5864 of FGG, leading to the K232T substitution in the fibrinogen γ-chain. However, the pathogenic mechanism is still unclear. To further reveal its molecular basis, we examined the effects of γK232T substitution on fibrinogen synthesis, stability, and secretion through in vitro expression of mutant γ232T in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Quantitative RT-PCR of the variant γ-chain mRNA showed that the γ232T transcribed the variant cDNA. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot analysis of the cell lysates and culture media showed that the CHO cells transfected with successfully synthesized the variant fibrinogen, but failed to secrete it into the culture medium. Furthermore, fibrinogen purified from the plasma of patient showed a normal thrombin-catalyzed fibrin polymerization, also indicating the impeding secretion of variant γ232T fibrinogen. In conclusion, our data reveal that the γK232T is responsible for the congenital hypofibrinogenaemia through interfering with the correct secretion of fibrinogen.
Anxiety, Motivation and Attitude of Indian Students in Learning English in National-Type Tamil Schools
Authors: Murthy Sinusha , Yeo Kee Jiar
Published: October 2018

The aim of this study was to determine the students’ anxiety, motivation and attitude in learning English based on their socioeconomic status and English language achievement in National-type Tamil schools. Samples for this study comprised of 144 year 5 Indian students from four Tamil schools. Data for this study were collected by questionnaire adapted from instruments by Tsai & Chang (2013), Ghazvini & Khajehpour (2011) and Gaur (1985). The findings of this study showed that Indian students from urban and rural areas have a moderate level of anxiety in learning English. Students from both areas were instrumentally motivated and showed positive attitudes towards learning English. However, negative correlations were identified between English Language achievement and level of motivation in learning English as well as between daily spoken languages at home and with friends and the level of English language achievement. The result of this study also illustrated that level of motivation and attitude are positively correlated. In conclusion, the samples of this study showed high levels of anxiety as well as motivation and attitude in learning English. It is recommended that future research take more samples and include qualitative data to increase the reliability of the study.
The Young Educator in Tourism – a Case Study of Teenage Instructors of the Polish Scouting and Guiding Association
Authors: Mroczek-Żulicka Aleksandra
Published: October 2018

Purpose. The article deals with the issues of youth participation in the organization of tourist events on the example of the work of teenage instructors of The Polish Scouting and Guiding Association (ZHP). The purpose of this article is to answer the questions: who are the teenage educators, what kind of experience do they have, what is their motivation to perform such a role, do they see the results of their work? The main axis of research is to verify the hypothesis concerning the phenomenon of self-education among respondents. Method. This article regarded the author’s own qualitative research based on case study analysis. The study was conducted during scouting camps of the 2016 Summer Scout Action. Four instructors participated in the study. Findings. The interviewees, despite their young age, already have considerable experience working with children, and their participation in tourist trips, organizing leisure time within the ZHP organization stimulates them to further develop and is a source of pleasure and inspiration. The process of self-education among participants in the study - young ZHP instructors, was also observed: they are able to indicate their achievements and fields to continue working on themselves, they have strong internal motivation to achieve more goals. On the basis of the obtained research results, a model of becoming a conscious educator was constructed. Research and conclusions limitations. The case study analysis is based only on a selected piece of reality. The results cannot be generalized to the whole population. Practical implications. Thanks to the results of research, it is worth recognizing and using the effects of participation of young people in organizing tourist events in tourist practice. Originality. The presented views of the participants in the survey are an important voice in the discussion on the educational role of tourism. The originality of the research results concerns a new perspective of the analysis of self-education within or through tourism. Type of paper. This article is based on case study analysis.
Report from 10th Conference Entitled „Tourism Marketing” (Międzyzdroje, 28-29.05.2018)
Authors: Korbiel Karolina , Szczechowicz Bartosz
Published: October 2018

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Analysis of the microstructure
and properties of T92 steel after
long-term service
Authors: Merda A. , Klimaszewska K , Sroka M. , Wieczorek P. , Golański G.
Published: October 2018

Purpose: The purpose of the investigation was to determine and analyse the changes in the
microstructure and mechanical properties of the T92 steel after service in creep conditions of
the following parameters: temperature – 575°C, pressure – 28.2 MPa, service time – 41914 hrs.
Design/methodology/approach: The tests were performed on the test samples taken
from a pipe section of a steam superheater after long-term service. The range of the
investigations included: microstructural investigation – the optical and SEM microscopy, the
analysis of precipitation – carbide isolates, the investigation of mechanical properties: the
Vickers hardness measurement, the impact test and static tensile test.
Findings: The performed tests showed a slight degree of exhaustion of the structure of the
analysed T92 steel. The relatively small changes in the microstructure of the examined steel
were reflected in the still retained high mechanical properties.
Research limitations/implications: he analysis of the microstructure of the examined
steel using SEM was performed to determine the influence of the service on the processes
of changes in the precipitate morphology.
Practical implications: The metal science investigation of the sections taken from the
elements of the power installations after long-term service is one of the basic elements of
building the data base of materials and their joints used in the power industry. The results
obtained from the performed research constitute a building block for the degradation
characteristics of the microstructure and mechanical properties of martensitic steels of the
9-12%Cr type.
Originality/value: The results of investigation and analysis of the metallographic and
mechanical properties of martensitic T92 steel after long-term service are presented.
Multi-objective optimization of WEDM
process parameters of Ti49.4-Ni50.6 shape
memory alloy for orthopaedic implant
application
Authors: Takale A.M. , Chougule N.K.
Published: October 2018

Purpose: This paper focuses on the investigation on the effect of process parameters such
as pulse on time (Ton), pulse off time (Toff), spark gap set voltage (SV), wire feed (WF) and wire
tension (WT) on the responses such as the material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness
(SR), kerf width (KW) and dimensional deviations (DD) of Ti49.4Ni50.6 (at.%) shape memory
alloy (SMA) machined by WEDM. Ti-Ni SMA has fascinating properties and biocompatibility,
it is considered for the present work.
Design/methodology/approach: As per the Taguchi technique, L18 orthogonal array
experiments on WEDM have been performed. The signals to noise (S/N) ratio plots are analysed
to determine the influence of process parameters. Analysis has been tested through analysis of
variance (ANOVA). SEM images are taken to confirm the results offering better surface quality.
Findings: It was observed that pulse on time is the most significant factor for MRR and SR with
the contribution of 35.69% and 59.02% respectively. The SV is a significant factor for KW and DD
with contributions of 47.35% and 30.03% at 95% confidence level. A multi-response optimization
has been carried out using grey relational analysis (GRA) to determine the optimum combination of
process parameters. It is shown that, through GRA the optimal machining parameter setting such
as A2B1C3D2E1 i.e. (pulse on time of 115 machine unit, pulse off time of 20 machine unit, spark
gap set voltage of 90 V, wire feed of 6 m/min and wire tension of 3 machine unit) has been observed
for maximum MRR and minimum SR, KW and DD. Young’s modulus checked for biocompatibility.
Research limitations/implications: Heat treatment process like annealing is found to
be most suitable to recover shape memory effect of WEDMed samples.
Discrimination and Quantification of Moroccan Gasoline Adulteration with Diesel Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometric Tools
Authors: Barra Issam , Mansouri Mohammed Alaoui , Bousrabat Mohammed , Cherrah Yahia , Bouklouze Abdelaziz , Kharbach Mourad
Published: October 2018

In this work, transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was associated with chemometric tools, especially principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares regression (PLSR), to discriminate and quantify gasoline adulteration with diesel. The method is composed of a total of 100 mixtures were prepared, and then FTIR fingerprints were recorded for all samples. PCA was used to verify that mixtures can be distinguished from pure products and to check that there are no outliers. As a result of using just PC1 and PC2, more than 98% of the general variability was explained. The PLSR model based on infrared spectra has shown its capabilities to be suitable for predicting gasoline adulteration in the concentration range of 0 to 98% (w/w), with a high significant coefficient of determination (R2 = 99.25%) and an acceptable calibration and prediction errors (root mean squared error of calibration = 0.63 and root mean square of external validation and/or prediction = 0.69).
Ciliated Muconodular Papillary Tumors of the Lung
Authors: Lu Yen-Wen , Yeh Yi-Chen
Published: October 2018

Ciliated muconodular papillary tumor is a rare tumor of the lung with 38 cases reported to date in the English literature. It is typically found incidentally in older adults (average age, 67 years) as a small, peripheral, ground glass opacity or nodule on computed tomography. Microscopically, the tumor is composed of a mixture of ciliated columnar, mucous, and basal cells in a variety of architectural patterns including glandular, papillary, lepidic, and micropapillary growth patterns. Recently, studies have shown the tumor has several associated gene alterations, supporting that the lesion is indeed neoplastic. The tumor seemingly follows an indolent clinical course, as there have been no reported recurrences or metastases. In this article, we review the clinical, radiographic, pathologic, and molecular findings of ciliated muconodular papillary tumors. Diagnostic pitfalls and the diagnostic considerations are discussed.
Duodenal Epithelial Polyps: A Clinicopathologic Review
Authors: Collins Katrina , Ligato Saverio
Published: October 2018

Context.—

Duodenal epithelial polyps are reported in 1.5% to 3% of individuals referred for upper endoscopy. Most duodenal epithelial polyps are asymptomatic and nonneoplastic; however, a small subset is neoplastic and may progress to adenocarcinoma. Recent advances in immunohistochemical and molecular techniques have helped further characterize these polyps, shedding light on their origin, classification, and risk of progression to adenocarcinoma.

Objective.—

To provide a comprehensive clinicopathologic review of nonneoplastic and neoplastic duodenal epithelial polyps, with particular emphasis on recent developments in classification schemes and risk stratification based upon immunohistochemical and molecular profiles.

Data Sources.—

This review is based on peer-reviewed literature and the authors' experiences.

Conclusions.—

In this review we provide an update on the clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular features of duodenal epithelial polyps and discuss the surveillance recommendations and treatment options available. Particular attention should be placed on recognizing duodenal adenomas with intestinal, gastric, and serrated phenotype, as they have an increased risk of malignant transformation if not completely excised.
Investigando representações da presidenta Dilma Rousseff e do vice-presidente Michel Temer em capas de revistas nacionais sobre o impeachment
Authors: Bezerra Fábio , Neto José
Published: October 2018

Neste artigo, desenvolvemos uma investigação multimodal e crítica de representações de Dilma Rousseff e de Michel Temer em capas das revistas Veja e Carta Capital sobre o impeachment. Objetivamos decifrar sentidos construídos evidenciando discursos dominantes e marginais a fim de revelar posicionamentos ideológicos dessas publicações. Resultados gerais demonstram forte teor ideológico nas duas publicações, retratando os mesmos fatos com foco, interpretações e objetivos diferentes. Tais textos multimodais ecoam posicionamentos políticos, ocultando sentidos que, muitas vezes, são apreendidos apenas inconscientemente por meio da repetição de certas representações em nosso cotidiano. Evidencia-se, assim, a relevância de se desvelar sentidos ocultos por meio da leitura crítica dos textos midiáticos.
Análise do discurso político: um estudo sobre o supremo tribunal federal
Authors: Lord Lucio Jose Dutra
Published: October 2018

O presente artigo estuda os discursos políticos sobre o papel do Supremo Tribunal Federal no contexto atual brasileiro, e visa compreender as motivações e relações mais amplas de poder por trás desses discursos. O referencial teórico que sustenta o estudo tem origem na análise de discurso (AD) e na análise do discurso político (ADP). Como conclusão o estudo mostra que os discursos políticos sobre o STF estão relacionados a discursos mais amplos sobre o Poder Judiciário e cumprem funções determinados pelas relações histórico-institucionais que estruturam o Estado Democrático de Direito brasileiro.
O discurso religioso no discurso (político eleitoral) estudantil
Authors: Gampert Alisson De Moraes , Rosa Marluza Da
Published: October 2018

Este artigo observa, ancorado na Análise do Discurso da Linha Francesa, a produção de efeitos de sentido no discurso político eleitoral do Movimento Estudantil. O recorte analisado é de quatro publicações realizadas na página do Facebook de uma das chapas que concorreram nas Eleições para o Diretório Central de Estudantes de uma universidade pública brasileira, em 2017. Ao considerar as condições de produção e a materialidade linguística, percebe-se que traços do discurso religioso emergem no discurso político, o que intervém em seu funcionamento e reforça uma prática contemporânea que tende a despolitizar os enunciados, por um suposto silenciamento ideológico.
Tool Kit for Early-Career Teachers
Authors: Chávez Óscar
Published: October 2018

You are a new teacher. You are excited, but also more than a little intimidated. What to do? What should be your priorities as a novice teacher? Of course, you cannot do it all, but where do you start? All of us who have taught mathematics have had a similar experience. And none of us can say that we know everything we should know about teaching.
Teaching with (Not Near) Technology
Authors: Reiten Lindsay
Published: October 2018

Guiding questions and a task-analysis framework support teachers in using virtual manipulatives to enhance student understanding.
Learning to Program with SoloLearn
Authors: Quinn Anne
Published: October 2018

When looking for a simple activity to show eighth-grade students at the Hour of Code (a global activity for students) in December, I became familiar with an app called SoloLearn: Learn to Code (SoloLearn 2018). In fact, it was an eighth-grade student who introduced me to it. The program is simple enough that students can produce their first programs in minutes and comprehensive enough that users can progress through many levels as they master any of several computerprogramming languages. The twelve languages are C++, Java, Python, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, SQL, Ruby, JQuery, C#, and Swift. Various applied mathematics classes at the college level assume a basic knowledge of programming, and having this skill can open many careers for students. Coding also can serve as an enrichment activity for algebra students.
Effects of inconsistent reporting, regulation changes and market demand on abundance indices of sharks caught by pelagic longliners off southern Africa
Authors: Jordaan Gareth L. , Santos Jorge , Groeneveld Johan C.
Published: October 2018

The assumption of a proportional relationship between catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) and the abundance of sharks caught by pelagic longliners is tenuous when based on fisher logbooks that report only retained specimens. Nevertheless, commercial logbooks and landings statistics are often the only data available for stock status assessments. Logbook data collected from local and foreign pelagic longline vessels operating in four areas off southern Africa between 2000 and 2015 were used to construct standardized CPUE indices for blue sharks Prionace glauca and shortfin makos Isurus oxyrinchus. Generalized linear mixed models were used to explore the effects of year, month, vessel, fleet and presence of an observer on blue shark and shortfin mako variability. Landing statistics and auxiliary information on the history of the fishery, regulation changes, and market factors were superimposed on the CPUE indices, to test hypotheses that they would influence CPUE trends. Indices in the West and Southwest (Atlantic) areas were elevated for both species, compared to the South and East (Indian Ocean). The scale of year-on-year CPUE increments, up to an order of magnitude for blue sharks, reflected occasional targeting and retention, interspersed with periods where blue sharks were not caught, or discarded and not reported. Increments were smaller for higher value shortfin makos, suggesting that indices were less affected by unreported discarding. CPUE indices and landings of both shark species have increased in recent years, suggesting increased importance as target species. Analysis of logbook data resulted in unreliable indicators of shark abundance, but when trends were interpreted in conjunction with landings data, disaggregated by area and month, and with hindsight of market demand and regulation changes, anomalies could be explained.
Cell type‐selective pathways and clinical associations of lysophosphatidic acid biosynthesis and signaling in the ovarian cancer microenvironment
Authors: Reinartz Silke , Lieber Sonja , Pesek Jelena , Brandt Dominique T. , Asafova Alina , Finkernagel Florian , Watzer Bernard , Nockher Wolfgang Andreas , Nist Andrea , Stiewe Thorsten , Jansen Julia M. , Wagner Uwe , Konzer Anne , Graumann Johannes , Grosse Robert , Worzfeld Thomas , Müller‐Brüsselbach Sabine , Müller Rolf
Published: October 2018

The peritoneal fluid of ovarian carcinoma patients promotes cancer cell invasion and metastatic spread with lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) as a potentially crucial mediator. However, the origin of LPA in ascites and the clinical relevance of individual LPA species have not been addressed. Here, we show that the levels of multiple acyl‐LPA species are strongly elevated in ascites versus plasma and are associated with short relapse‐free survival. Data derived from transcriptome and secretome analyses of primary ascite‐derived cells indicate that (a) the major route of LPA synthesis is the consecutive action of a secretory phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and autotaxin, (b) that the components of this pathway are coordinately upregulated in ascites, and (c) that CD163+CD206+ tumor‐associated macrophages play an essential role as main producers of PLA2G7 and autotaxin. The latter conclusion is consistent with mass spectrometry‐based metabolomic analyses of conditioned medium from ascites cells, which showed that tumor‐associated macrophages, but not tumor cells, are able to produce 20:4 acyl‐LPA in lipid‐free medium. Furthermore, our transcriptomic data revealed that LPA receptor (LPAR) genes are expressed in a clearly cell type‐selective manner: While tumor cells express predominantly LPAR1‐3, macrophages and T cells also express LPAR5 and LPAR6 at high levels, pointing to cell type‐selective LPA signaling pathways. RNA profiling identified cytokines linked to cell motility and migration as the most conspicuous class of LPA‐induced genes in macrophages, suggesting that LPA exerts protumorigenic properties at least in part via the tumor secretome.
Spinal Radiographic Progression in Early Axial Spondyloarthritis: Five‐Year Results From the DESIR Cohort
Authors: Ramiro Sofia , van der Heijde Désirée , Sepriano Alexandre , van Lunteren Miranda , Moltó Anna , Feydy Antoine , d'Agostino Maria Antonietta , Loeuille Damien , Dougados Maxime , Reijnierse Monique , Claudepierre Pascal
Published: October 2018

Objective

To analyze the progression of spinal radiographic damage in patients with early axial spondyloarthritis (SpA).

Methods

Axial SpA patients from the DESIR (Devenir des Spondylarthropathies Indifférenciées Récentes) cohort with 5‐year spinal (cervical and lumbar) radiographs available (n = 549) were included. Two‐ and 5‐year modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score (mSASSS) progression and development of new syndesmophytes (net change: the number of patients with positive change minus the number of patients with negative change divided by the total number of patients) were assessed in subgroups defined at baseline according to the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society axial SpA criteria and its arms, modified New York criteria (mNYC) and the presence of syndesmophytes.

Results

Mean ± SD mSASSS progression was 0.2 ± 0.9 at 2 years and 0.4 ± 1.8 at 5 years. Five‐year progression was higher in the imaging arm (mean ± SD 0.6 ± 2.3), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)+/mNYC+ (mean ± SD 1.3 ± 4.0), than in the clinical arm only (mean ± SD 0.1 ± 0.7), and highest in patients with syndesmophytes (mean ± SD 2.7 ± 5.0). At 5 years, 7% of all patients had a net change of any new syndesmophyte; this value was 10% for the imaging arm (mNYC+/MRI+ with 18%), 17% for mNYC+ patients, and 42% for patients with syndesmophytes.

Conclusion

Spinal radiographic progression, although limited in early axial SpA, can be captured after 2 years. Inflammation and damage in the sacroiliac joint are associated with higher radiographic progression. The presence of baseline syndesmophytes already strongly predicts the development of further structural damage early in the disease.
International Consortium for Health Outcome Measurement Set of Outcomes That Matter to People Living With Inflammatory Arthritis: Consensus From an International Working Group
Authors: Oude Voshaar Martijn A. H. , Das Gupta Zofia , Bijlsma Johannes W. J. , Boonen Annelies , Chau Jeffrey , Courvoisier Delphine S. , Curtis Jeffrey R. , Ellis Benjamin , Ernestam Sofia , Gossec Laure , Hale Christine , Hornjeff Jennifer , Leung Katy Y. Y. , Lidar Merav , Mease Phillip , Michaud Kaleb , Mody Girish M. , Ndosi Mwidimi , Opava Christina H. , Pinheiro Geraldo R. C. , Salt Matthew , Soriano Enrique R. , Taylor William J. , Voshaar Maria J. H. , Weel Angelique E. A. M. , de Wit Maarten , Wulffraat Nico , van de Laar Mart A. F. J. , Vonkeman Harald E.
Published: October 2018

Objective

The implementation of value‐based health care in inflammatory arthritis requires a standardized set of modifiable outcomes and risk‐adjustment variables that is feasible to implement worldwide.

Methods

The International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM) assembled a multidisciplinary working group that consisted of 24 experts from 6 continents, including 6 patient representatives, to develop a standard set of outcomes for inflammatory arthritis. The process followed a structured approach, using a modified Delphi process to reach consensus on the following decision areas: conditions covered by the set, outcome domains, outcome measures, and risk‐adjustment variables. Consensus in areas 2 to 4 were supported by systematic literature reviews and consultation of experts.

Results

The ICHOM Inflammatory Arthritis Standard Set covers patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), axial spondyloarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). We recommend that outcomes regarding pain, fatigue, activity limitations, overall physical and mental health impact, work/school/housework ability and productivity, disease activity, and serious adverse events be collected at least annually. Validated measures for patient‐reported outcomes were endorsed and linked to common reporting metrics. Age, sex at birth, education level, smoking status, comorbidities, time since diagnosis, and rheumatoid factor and anti‐citrullinated protein antibody lab testing for RA and JIA should be collected as risk‐adjustment variables.

Conclusion

We present the ICHOM inflammatory arthritis Standard Set of outcomes, which enables health care providers to implement the value‐based health care framework and compare outcomes that are important to patients with inflammatory arthritis.
Hybrid Solar Absorber–Emitter by Coherence‐Enhanced Absorption for Improved Solar Thermophotovoltaic Conversion
Authors: Wang Yang , Zhou Lin , Zhang Ye , Yu Jianyu , Huang Baili , Wang Yuxi , Lai Yun , Zhu Shining , Zhu Jia
Published: October 2018

Spectrum selective absorbers and emitters, with advantages of high temperature tolerance, wide angle insensitivity, and scalable fabrication processes, are crucial components for solar thermophotovoltaics (STPV). A bifunctional hybrid absorber–emitter (HAE) for efficient STPV by sequentially depositing HfO2/Mo/HfO2 films on a metallic surface is demonstrated here. Simultaneous broadband solar absorption and narrowband infrared emission are enabled by the same surface of the structure. By fine steering coherent perfect absorption of the ultrathin Mo film and destructive interference of interfacial reflections across the top HfO2 layer, the HAE exhibits a measured emissivity of 0.97 at 1.8 µm as well as an average absorptivity of ≈80% over 400–1000 nm, respectively, both of which are well maintained under nearly omnidirectional irradiance (≈80°) and up to 1373 K thermal stability test. The features of multiple coherence‐enhanced all‐in‐one single‐surface HAE (dual‐spectrum selectivity, wide angle tolerance, high temperature stability, etc.), make the HAE a good candidate for specialized efficient STPV. As a demonstration, it is theoretically shown that the HAE‐based cage‐type STPV can enable a maximal system efficiency increment of >15% compared to the double‐side planar systems, providing a potential route leading to integrated STPV–TPV systems for all‐climate operation in future.
Optimization on Molecular Restriction for Highly Efficient Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters
Authors: Chen Zhi‐Peng , Wang De‐Qi , Zhang Ming , Wang Kai , Shi Yi‐Zhong , Chen Jia‐Xiong , Tao Wen‐Wen , Zheng Cai‐Jun , Tao Si‐Lu , Zhang Xiao‐Hong
Published: October 2018

To develop efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters with optimal molecular restrictions for organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), four novel TADF emitters are designed and synthesized: 5′‐(9,9‐dimethylacridin‐10(9H)‐yl)‐[1,1′:3′,1″‐terphenyl]‐2′,4,4″‐tricarbonitrile (oAcTBC), 5′‐(10H‐spiro[acridine‐9,9′‐fluoren]‐10‐yl)‐[1,1′:3′,1″‐terphenyl]‐2′,4,4″‐tricarbonitrile (oSpTBC), 2′‐(9,9‐dimethylacridin‐10(9H)‐yl)‐[1,1′:3′,1″‐terphenyl]‐4,4″,5′‐tricarbonitrile (mAcTBC), and 2′‐(10H‐spiro[acridine‐9,9′‐fluoren]‐10‐yl)‐[1,1′:3′,1″‐terphenyl]‐4,4″,5′‐tricarbonitrile (mSpTBC). The four compounds have similar constituent segments but different molecular restrictions by enhancing either segment rigidity or steric hindrance. The OLEDs using oAcTBC, oSpTBC, mAcTBC, and mSpTBC as the emitter exhibit maximum external quantum efficiencies of 20.9%, 26.8%, 19.2%, and 18.9%, respectively, consistent with their photoluminescence quantum yield values of 83.88%, 93.24%, 76.64%, and 65.02%. The best performance is successfully realized by oSpTBC with the optimal molecular restriction. This work suggests that appropriately enhancing the molecular restrictions with more rigid constituent segments is an optimal approach to improve the efficiencies of TADF emitters.
p‐Type Doped AlAsSb/GaSb Resonant Tunneling Diode Photodetector for the Mid‐Infrared Spectral Region
Authors: Pfenning Andreas , Hartmann Fabian , Weih Robert , Emmerling Monika , Worschech Lukas , Höfling Sven
Published: October 2018

Mid‐infrared (MIR) resonant tunneling diode (RTD) photodetectors based on a p‐type doped AlAsSb/GaSb double‐barrier quantum well (DBQW) are proposed and investigated for their optoelectronic transport properties. At room temperature, a distinct resonant tunneling current with a region of negative differential conductance is measured. The peak‐to‐valley current ratio (PVCR) is 1.51. To provide photosensitivity within the MIR spectral region, a lattice‐matched quaternary low‐bandgap GaInAsSb absorption layer with cutoff wavelength of λ = 2.77 μm is integrated near the DBQW. Under illumination with infrared light, photogenerated minority electrons within the absorption layer can drift toward the DBQW, where they accumulate and cause a shift of the current–voltage characteristics toward smaller bias voltages, which can be exploited to measure the incident MIR light power. In a tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy experiment, the RTD photodetector is used to identify three distinct water absorption lines in the MIR close to λ = 2.61 μm. By adjusting the absorption layer doping concentration, the RTD quantum efficiency can be increased by a factor of 10, resulting in a sensitivity of S = 2.71 A W−1, which corresponds to an estimated multiplication factor of M = 8.6.