bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enzymatic Synthesis of L-Methionine Analogues and Application in a Methyltransferase Catalysed Alkylation Cascade
Authors: Mohr Michael , Saleem-Batcha Raspudin , Cornelissen Nicolas , Andexer Jennifer
Published: April 2023

Chemical modification of small molecules is a key step for the development of pharmaceuticals. S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) analogues are used by methyltransferases (MTs) to transfer alkyl, allyl and benzyl moieties chemo-, stereo- and regioselectively onto substrates, enabling an enzymatic way for specific derivatization of a wide range of molecules. L-Methionine analogues are required for the synthesis of SAM analogues. Most of these are not commercially available. In nature, O-acetyl-L-homoserine sulfhydrolases (OAHS) catalyse the synthesis of L methionine from O-acetyl-L-homoserine or L homocysteine, and methyl mercaptan. Here, we investigated the substrate scope of ScOAHS from Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of L methionine analogues from L homocysteine and organic thiols. The promiscuous enzyme was used to synthesise nine different L methionine analogues with modifications on the thioether residue up to a conversion of 75%. ScOAHS was combined with an established MT dependent three-enzyme alkylation cascade, allowing transfer of in total seven moieties onto two MT substrates. Ethylation was nearly doubled with the new four-enzyme cascade, indicating a beneficial effect of the in situ production of L methionine analogues with ScOAHS.
Solvent-Free Chemical Recycling of Polymers made by ATRP and RAFT polymerization: High-Yielding Depolymerization at Low Temperatures
Authors: Whitfield Richard , Jones Glen , Truong Nghia , Manring Lewis , Anastasaki Athina
Published: April 2023

Although controlled radical polymerization is an excellent tool to make precision polymeric materials, reversal of the process to retrieve the starting monomer is far less explored despite the significance of chemical recycling. Current depolymerization approaches typically require elevated temperatures (>350 ˚C), high dilutions in specific solvents (typically 0.1-25 mM polymer concentrations), and/or expensive catalysts. Here, we report that RAFT-synthesized polymers can undergo a low-temperature solvent-free depolymerization back to monomer thanks to the partial in-situ transformation of the RAFT end-group to macromonomer. To aid a more complete depolymerization, we performed a facile and quantitative end-group modification strategy with the modified RAFT polymers exhibiting significantly higher depolymerization conversions (~90%) at comparable temperatures. The end-group transformation was applied to polymers synthesized by ATRP triggering an efficient low-temperature bulk depolymerization (~90% of monomer regeneration) with an onset at 150 ˚C, in contrast to previous reports where depolymerization could only be triggered at much higher temperatures (> 350 ˚C). The versatility of the methodology was demonstrated by a scalable depolymerization (~10 g of starting polymer) retrieving 84% yield of the starting monomer intact which could be subsequently used for further polymerization. This work presents a new low-energy approach for depolymerizing controlled radical polymers and creates many future opportunities as high-yielding, solvent-free and scalable depolymerization methods are sought.
Progressive fibrosing lung disease. Discussion aspects of the problem: A review
Authors: Ilkovich Mikhail M. , Novikova Lubov N. , Speranskaya Aleksandra A. , Dvorakovskaya Ivetta V.
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The authors of the article prove the need to include a new name for the disease "Progressive Fibrosing Lung Disease" into clinical practice. Recognition of the fact that some lung diseases end in a fibrosing process, which does not have any significant differences depending on the initial disease that led to fibrosis, will expand the indications for earlier prescription of antifibrotic drugs, which will undoubtedly improve the prognosis in this extremely severe category of patients.
Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of a combination drug containing ambroxol, guaifenesin, and levosalbutamol versus a fixed-dose combination of bromhexine/guaifenesin/salbutamol in the treatment of productive cough in adult patients with acute bronchitis
Authors: Zaitsev Andrey A. , Leshchenko Igor V. , Esaulova Natalia A. , Viktorova Inna A.
Published: April 2023

Aim. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combination drug containing ambroxol, guaifenesin, and levosalbutamol, oral solution, versus Ascoril Expectorant, syrup (combination of bromhexine, guaifenesin, and salbutamol) in the treatment of productive cough in adult patients with acute bronchitis.
Materials and methods. This open-label, randomized, phase III study included patients with acute bronchitis who had a productive cough with difficulty in sputum expectoration. 244 patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio and received 10 mL of the study drug or reference drug 3 times daily for 2 weeks. After 7 and 14 days of treatment, the physician evaluated patients subjective complaints and the efficacy of therapy. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with high and very high efficacy.
Results. The primary endpoint was reached by 70 (0.5738) patients in the study drug group and 54 (0.4426) in the reference drug group (p=0.04). The intergroup difference was 0.1311 [95% confidence interval: 0.0057; 0.2566]. The lower limit of the 95% confidence interval was above zero, which confirms the superiority of therapy with the study drug over therapy with Ascoril Expectorant. The proportion of patients with a 1-point total score reduction and with complete resolution of all symptoms according to the Modified Cough Relief and Sputum Expectoration Questionnaire after 7 and 14 days was numerically higher in the study drug group versus the reference drug group. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in the incidence of adverse events.
Conclusion. The efficacy of a new combination drug containing ambroxol, guaifenesin, and levosalbutamol in the treatment of productive cough in adult patients with acute bronchitis is superior to the efficacy of Ascoril Expectorant. The safety profiles of the study drug and the reference drug were comparable.
Test
Authors: Sudeepthi Koppaka
Published: April 2023

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Michael J Clague: mitophagy, pexophagy, & metabolism
Authors: Clague Michael J
Published: April 2023

Michael J Clague is a Professor of Molecular and Cellular Physiology at The University of Liverpool, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology. We asked him about his recent paper published in Life Science Alliance (LSA) and his experience in science thus far.
Modern aspects of short-term blood presssure variability in arterial hypertension
Authors: Kanishcheva Olena
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Arterial hypertension is an important public health problem worldwide due to its high incidence and associated risks of cardiovascular and renal diseases such as coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic kidney disease. The level of blood pressure is the main indicator of hypertension treatment effectiveness and leading cardiovascular risk factor. Blood pressure is one of the most dynamic physiological parameters, which is characterized by continuous and significant changes beat-to-beat, over 24 h, day-to-day, and visit-to-visit. Under physiological conditions, these blood pressure variations are mostly represent a response to environmental stimulation aimed at maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis. However, a persistent increase in the blood pressure variability may be the result of pathological changes in the mechanisms of cardiovascular regulation, which leads to alterations in cardiovascular system functioning with the subsequent development of cardiovascular diseases and complications. The phenomenon of blood pressure variability has been known for a long time. It was first described by the English physiologist Stephen Gales in 1733, and its assessment in clinical conditions became possible at the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th century, after the invention of the sphygmomanometer and the introduction of non-invasive blood pressure measurement using the Riva-Rocci and Korotkov methods. Historically, blood pressure variability has been viewed as a random factor caused by measurement error, which prevents accurate blood pressure measurement. Вlood pressure variability was considered the so-called «background noise», which was not given any importance and tried to overcome with the help of improving monitoring. However, already at the end of the last century, the discussion of the clinical significance of this indicator in patients with hypertension began. The clinical significance and prognostic implications of blood pressure variability have been demonstrated by a series of clinical and population-based studies conducted in recent years, in which elevated blood pressure variability was associated with a higher risk of target organ damage, cardiovascular events, cardiovascular and total mortality independently of blood pressure level. The review presents modern concepts of blood pressure variability, its classification, and assessment methods. The pathogenetic significance of short-term BP variability in patients with arterial hypertension is reviewed, with a discussion of the available evidence regarding the significance of short-term blood pressure variability in cardiovascular risk stratification.
Effects of probiotics on strength and power performance in a trained population
Authors: Santibañez-Gutierrez Asier , Fernández-Landa Julen , Todorovic Nikola , Calleja-González Julio , Stojanovic Marko , Mielgo-Ayuso Juan
Published: April 2023

The main purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of probiotics intake on strength and power performance in a trained population. This study was designed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines. The review was registered in PROSPERO with the following registration number: CRD42021248173. PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched from their inception to the 18th March 2022 to find original research studies evaluating the effects of probiotic supplementation on strength and power performance tests in a trained population. The following inclusion criteria were applied to select studies: probiotics supplementation; trained population; strength and power performance measurements; human experimental trial; controlled with a placebo group; peer-reviewed and original articles written in English language. Random effects model and standardized mean differences (SMD) were used following Hedges’ G for the meta-analysis. Seven studies were finally included after the inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied (n=142 participants). Results of the meta-analysis identified a significant benefit of probiotics compared to placebo treatments (p=.04), with a small pooled effect size (SMD=0.36 [0.02-0.70]; I2=43%), and no funnel plot asymmetry was present. In summary, this systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that probiotic supplementation could effectively enhance strength and power performance in a trained population.
Overview of Cancelled Conference Conversations
Authors: Higgins Joanna
Published: April 2023

Overview of Cancelled Conference Conversations
Gender Discrimination – A Problem Behind Chinese Ghost Marriage
Authors:   , Wang Ruoheng
Published: April 2023

Animation has become a popular medium for exploring complex and culturally sensitive subjects. One such topic that has been the subject of much controversy both historically and in recent years is Chinese ghost marriage. This ancient traditional practice, which involves marrying deceased individuals, is steeped in history and customs, but has been criticized for perpetuating patriarchal norms and gender discrimination. This paper examines whether animation can be a powerful vehicle for exploring and critiquing the Chinese phenomenon of ghost marriage. It explores the benefits of using animation to raise awareness about the issue, and how the medium can be used to tell the stories of women affected by ghost marriage in a powerful and emotive way. It also considers the importance of approaching the topic with sensitivity and empathy, and the best practices for creating animation that can educate the public and inspire social change. Ultimately, this paper aims to demonstrate how the conventions and idiosyncrasies of animation can be effectively utilised to examine and challenge such a complex issue.
Reflexive Possibilities of a Language During the Selection of the Word of the Year
Authors: Speranskaya A. N.
Published: April 2023

“Word of the Year” as a linguistic and sociological research is carried out in many countries of the world and has been very popular for many years, moreover, it attracts more and more attention every year. This partly explains the relevance of this study. The “Word of the Year” campaign is usually attended by professional philologists, who can involve the general public in the discussion, but the final choice is made by experts. Yet, the average native speaker gets a chance to evaluate the result. The aim of the article is to describe the reflexive possibilities of “Words of the Year” as seen by a Russian-speaking observer, who carries out linguistic reflection. The material for analysis includes lists of “Words of the Year” for different years in different countries; sources of material are Internet publications, designed for a wide range of Russian-speaking readers; the main methods encompass observation, description, component and conceptual analysis. The article formulates the definition of “Word of the Year” as a linguistic unit that due to its significance and frequency of use, has become a nominal linguistic marker of one calendar year. “Word of the Year” helps to trace current social sentiments, problematic topics and topical issues of concern to the social majority. “Word of the Year” allows us to summarize a brief verbal summary of the period and consolidate these generalisations for the next generations. The analysis of the material led to conclusions that the reflexive possibilities of the “Word of the Year” can comprise frequency as an indicator of a surge of attention to the word; selection of a language unit from a number of words that are to some extent related to the current and significant “key situation”; and competition between several lists of “Words of the Year” compiled by different expert groups, whose existence allows a native speaker, first, to compare different approaches to the choice made and to juxtapose them to their own linguistic instinct.
International Communication through the Mind of an Interpreter
Authors: Konurbaev M. E. , Ganeeva E. R.
Published: April 2023

Interpretation as a form of intercultural communication plays an important role in modern geopolitical conditions, hence the role of the interpreter as a mediator between languages and mentalities acquires even greater significance as high-quality interpretation ensures successful international communication. The authors focus on studying simultaneous interpreting as a cognitive process and set the goal of analyzing how the incoming message is perceived and processed in the mind of the interpreter and then transformed into a target language message. Applying the method of comparative cognitive transformation, the authors arrive at the conclusion that, since the interpreter operates on the cognitive level, the process of deverbalizing the source message is a transformation of the ordinary language into a language of thought, thus rendering the gist of the original can be achieved through identifying the underlying concepts in the source language message and finding correlations in the target language. Before attempting to formulate the target message, the interpreter should first deverbalize the original and get rid of its linguistic form, that is, cognitively imagine the sense of the message as a certain space of connections. Effective international communication with the target language recipients means that the interpreter needs to account for the pragmatics of the speech act and find a ready-made concise variant expressing a similar idea in the target language.
SCIENTIFIC AND PROJECT ACTIVITY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLISHING STUDIES OF THE INSTITUTE OF JOURNALISM AT BORYS GRINCHENKO KYIV UNIVERSITY (ALL-UKRAINIAN AND INTERNATIONAL PROJECTS, INTERNSHIPS)
Authors: Vernyhora Nina , Khominskyi Sergii
Published: April 2023

The article examines the history of development of scientific and design areas in the activities of the Department of Publishing of the Institute of Journalism at Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University during 2016–2021. The participation of teachers and students of the department in international academic mobility programmes, as well as in international research projects is analysed. Information on the development and submission of grant applications is collected an structured, in particular with regard to the winning applications. It is examined the history of scientific publications of the teachers at the department, in particular those which were published in publications indexed in the scientometric databases “Scopus” and “Web of Science”. Data on the participation of teachers and students at the department in Ukrainian and international scientific and practical conferences are summarised. Further prospects of scientific and project activity of the department are outlined.
RESEARCH WORK OF THE LECTURERS AT THE DEPARTMENT OF ADVERTISING AND PUBLIC RELATIONS OF THE INSTITUTE OF JOURNALISM AT BORYS GRINCHENKO KYIV UNIVERSITY DURING FIVE YEARS
Authors: Afanasiev Illia , Varhich Nataliia
Published: April 2023

The article analyses the research activities of the Department of Advertising and Public Relations of the Institute of Journalism at Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University in the period from 2017 to 2021. Academic researchers are not just included to the activities of modern universities, but are prioritised, because this kind of activity significantly affects the position of university in prestigious rankings, whereas ratings are among of the arguments in favor of the entrant’s decision to choose a university for further study. During the period from 2017 to 2021, the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine and similar government agencies in the United States and the EU, as well as many grant-making organisations in the field of education, declared the need to develop research activities of universities. It has become the responsibility of most Ukrainian lecturers to publish articles indexed in the Scopus and Web of Science scientometric databases. Research activities are particularly difficult for practitioners who are involved in teaching due to their experience in the business sector of national economy. According to the strategy of student-centered and practice-oriented learning, many such specialists had been involved in the activity of the Department of Advertising and Public Relations at the Institute of Journalism. Advertising and public relations are mostly applied areas, not traditional academic disciplines, unlike many other specialisations of academic departments in Ukrainian universities. Meanwhile, modern entrants show more interest in applied areas of social sciences than in theoretical issues. Therefore, the analysis of the research work of the Department of Advertising and Public Relations may be of particular interest to teachers and administrators working in higher education institutions. The main objectives and results of research work of the department are systematised on the basis of academic research papers, mass media publications of this department lecturers, as well as with the help of several special interviews with employees of the Institute of Journalism. The main achievements of key figures in research activities of this department are highlighted in the context of the common scientific theme of the institute: “Modern Media Studies in Educational and Scientific Discourses” and the individual research interests of the lecturers. The article provides an overview of the most important academic publications of them. A considerable attention is paid to the analysis of achievements and theoretical issues of academic research cooperation between teachers and students. The article emphasises the need to unite the efforts not only of the vast majority of Ukrainian academic researchers and educators, but also of the majority of Ukrainian society, as well as its truly pro-Ukrainian foreign partners, to reform the system of administration of research work and high education in Ukraine
Klasik Türk Edebiyatının Eleştiri Sözlüğü İçin Somut Bir Adım
Authors: YİĞİT Süleyman
Published: April 2023

Fahri Kaplan’ın söz konusu eseri klasik Türk edebiyatının eleştiri sözlüğünü oluşturmak adına atılan en somut adımlardan biridir. Doktora çalışmasından hareketle hazırlanan eserde, ön sözde belirtilen iki terimin daha dâhil edilmesiyle, 716 terim 622 maddede ele alınmıştır. Bu açıdan Kaplan’ın eseri oldukça titiz hazırlanmış hacimli bir ansiklopedik sözlük olma özelliği taşımaktadır. Çalışmada örneklem olarak seçilen Latîfî’nin tezkire geleneği içerisinde tuttuğu yer ve araştırmacının ortaya çıkardığı terimler göz önünde bulundurulduğunda oldukça isabetli bir seçim yapıldığı da görülmektedir. Yazarın ön sözde dikkat çektiği üzere, söz konusu terimlerin tespit edilmesi, klasik Türk edebiyatının estetik algısını anlamak açısından sonra derece önemlidir. Ayrıca Kaplan’ın çalışması diğer tezkireler üzerine yapılacak çalışmalar için de öncü olacaktır.
Discovering the role of rhetorical devices in the text of a political speech through back-translations to improve the translation process
Authors: KUMLU Dolunay
Published: April 2023

Politics has always been important for civilized societies. It is an amazing tool for rulers aiming to manipulate the masses by the sole magic of words. Thus, the power of language is the most helpful and efficient way of implementing political goals and revealing specific ideologies. The aspect of internationality in – either written or oral – political texts requires translations into different languages in that a better understanding of political texts worldwide is possible through better translations. This study aimed to examine the most common rhetorical devices used in political speeches and find out how the translators of the texts of political speeches deal with these devices in their translation process. To this end, lexical, semantic, syntactic and grammatical aspects of the texts of political speeches including rhetorical elements were identified, and an evaluation was done with respect to the quality and the accuracy of the translations to find out whether it was possible through using back-translation method in the light of theories of translation studies and some back-translation guidelines. The sample political text was a speech delivered by one of the ex-Presidents of the U.S.A. Barack Obama, who was also known as a great orator with his eloquent speeches, at Ebeneezer Baptist Church. The research participants were the senior students of the Department of Translation and Interpretation at Trakya University in Turkey. The feedback given to the students when the research was completed were thought to contribute to the prospective translation practices of the students upon rhetorical devices.
Camille Laurens’ın özkurmaca romanlarında metinlerarasılık
Authors: KAHRAMANOĞLU Fatma
Published: April 2023

Kendi yaşamından izleri romanlarına yansıtan Camille Laurens Çağdaş Fransız yazınında önemli özkurmaca yazarları arasında anılır. Yazın eleştirmeni ve yazar Serge Doubrovsky 1977 yılında ortaya attığı özkurmacayı özyaşamöyküsünün postmodern bir değişkesi olarak ele alır. Postmodern yazının en belirgin özelliklerinden biri olan metinlerarasılık, postmodern yazının tüm olanaklarından izleksel bir bütünlükle yararlanan Camille Laurens’ın yazın evreninin en belirgin özelliklerinden biri olarak karşımıza çıkar. Yazar başka metinlerin kendi romanlarına dayanak olduğunu hem romanları üzerine yaptığı konuşmalarında hem de anlatıcı-kişileri aracılığıyla romanlarında açıkça dile getirir. Camille Laurens farklı metinlerden kimi kesitlere yer vererek, anlatı içine bir başka anlatı sokarak ve kendi yapıtlarını yeniden yazarak farklı metinlerarası yöntemlere sıklıkla başvurur. Metinlerarasılığı somutlaştıran örneklere süreksizliğin, kopukluğun ve parçalılığın ilk anda göze çarptığı Ni toi ni moi ve Cet absent-là adlı romanlarında sıklıkla rastlarız. Gerçekten de Ni toi ni moi ve Cet absent-là başka metinlerin kesişme noktası gibidir. Bu da söz konusu romanların çoksesli bir özellikte olduğunu gösterir. Bu çalışmada, yazarın başka metinlerden aldığı kesitleri hangi metinlerarası yöntemlere başvurarak Ni toi ni moi ve Cet absent-là adlı özkurmaca yapıtlarına nasıl yerleştirdiğinin üzerinde duracağız.
A META-SUMMARY STUDY OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH ON GOOD TEACHER CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Masood HAIDARI Sayed , KOÇOĞLU Ayhan
Published: April 2023

This study synthesizes the primary qualitative research findings on the views of students, teachers, school administrators, and parents about the characteristics of a good or effective teacher in the Turkish context. For this purpose,
a meta-summary method of qualitative research synthesis was employed to aggregate knowledge from the primary qualitative studies published in peer-reviewed journals between the years 2000 and July 2022 in Turkey. A total of 31
research reports meeting the inclusion criteria of the review were included in the analysis. All these reports were assessed based on a set of existing quality assessment criteria for qualitative studies. Then, the qualitative
findings were extracted from the primary research reports, edited, grouped, and abstracted, and lastly, the frequency effect sizes were computed for each conceptualized statement of findings. The analyses yielded 42 abstracted
statements regarding good teacher characteristics with frequency effect sizes of 19.4–80% clustered under three dimensions, namely personal characteristics, professional characteristics, and characteristics related to teacher-student
relationships. The personal characteristics underlined the key personality traits of teachers and their skills. As such, their professional characteristics were addressed under professional attitudes and professional skills. The
findings also highlighted practical measures or characteristics to consider for healthy teacher-student relationships. The study concludes by discussing major findings, limitations, and implications for education and future research.
Pengaruh Beberapa Konsentrai Pupuk Organik Cair Super Bionik Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.)
Authors: Eqtika Susila Dewi  , I Ketut Ngawit  , Bambang Budi Santoso
Published: April 2023

Sawi pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) merupakan salah satu sayuran daun yang memiliki nilai ekonomi yang tinggi. Pakcoy selain sebagai sayuran juga dapat bermanfaat bagi kesehatan manusia, terutama jika dikonsumsi secara rutin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi pupuk organik cair Super Bionik (PSBN) terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman dan hasil tanaman pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Terong Tawah, Kecamatan Labuapi, Kabupaten Lombok Barat pada bulan Juli sampai September 2022. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yaitu pemberian konsentrasi pupuk organik cair Super Bionik yang terdiri dari 6 taraf perlakuan, yaitu p0 : 0 cc (tanpa pemberian pupuk); p1 : 1,5 cc/l air; p2 : 2 cc/l air; p3 : 3 cc/l air; p4 : 4,5 cc/l air; p5 : 5 cc/l air. Perlakuan tersebut diulang sebanyak empat kali, sehingga secara keseluruhan perlakuan berjumlah 24 percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh pemberian pupuk organik cair Super Bionik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.). Pemberian pupuk organik cair Super Bionik 1,5 cc/l air dan 2 cc/l air merupakan perlakuan terbaik bagi pertumbuhan jumlah daun. Pemberian POC Super bionik 4,5 cc/l air merupakan perlakuan terbaik bagi tinggi tanaman, luas daun, dan bobot kering tanaman pakcoy. Pemberian POC Super bionik 5 cc/l air merupakan perlakuan terbaik bagi bobot basah tanaman.
Memahami Penilaian Kinerja Guru
Authors: Munawir Munawir , Yasmin Amirah , Wadud Ahmad Jauharul
Published: April 2023

Penilaian kinerja guru adalah suatu dasar atau landasan madrasah maupun sekolah demi membuat keputusan pengembangan dalam promosi dan karir guru. Penilaian yang asalnya dari unsur-unsur kegiatan pokok guru dalam melakukan tugasnya demi tujuan pembinaan keprofesian, kepangkatan, dan jabatan diartikan sebagai penilian kinerja guru. Tujuan dari penelitian ini guna mengerti terkait pengertian, kompetensi yang bisa dipakai untuk mengevaluasi kinerja guru sekolah dasar, memahami indikator yang diperlukan untuk melaksanakan fungsi dan tugas utama guru sekolah dasar, penelitian kinerja guru, dan manfaat penilian kinerja guru. Penerapan metode dalam penelitian ini melalui deskriptif kualitatif dan penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Guru perlu memiliki empat kompetensi dalam membentuk pribadi guru supaya bersikap selayaknya guru yang profesional, yaitu kompetensi pendagogik, kepribadian, sosial, dan profesional. Manfaat dari PKG yaitu untuk mengetahui kemampuan yang dimiliki oleh guru dalam melaksankan tugasnya dengan mengukur penguasaan keterampilan dan kompetensinya. Penilaian memiliki banyak manfaat, seperti digunakan sebagai alat dalam pengambilan keputusan. Oleh sebab itu, perlu diadakannya penilaian kinerja guru untuk bahan masukan membuat susunan rencana pengembangan keprofesian selanjutnya, meningkatakan, dan mengembangkan kemampuan yang dimiliki oleh guru.
Mental abacus training affects high-level executive functions: Comparison of activation of the frontal pole
Authors: Watanabe Nobuki
Published: April 2023

The role of executive function training in supporting child development has been increasingly studied. Executive function is largely related to the prefrontal cortex. The anterior portion of the prefrontal cortex, which is area 10 on the Brodmann map, is essential for the emergence of higher-order executive functions. Accumulating evidence indicates that mental abacus training, which is closely related to mathematics education, activates the prefrontal cortex. Based on these findings, it can be hypothesized that the mental abacus is valuable for training more advanced functions. Therefore, this study analyzed the activation of children’s brains with a focus on the frontal pole (Brodmann area 10). The results illustrated that mental abacus task more strongly activated the brain than piano task, the marshmallow test, or letter–number sequencing tasks. Thus, it was suggested that the mental abacus is valuable for training higher-level executive functions (i.e., frontal pole).
Regression equation for correlation between Spad index and photosynthetic pigments under saline stress in African mahogany culture
Authors: Willian Viana Campos  , José Teixeira Filho  , Alcebíades Rebouças São José
Published: April 2023

The quantification of the levels of photosynthetic pigments is of paramount importance, especially in the evaluation of the photochemical capacity of plants under saline stress. However, laboratory procedures for the titration of these pigments, such as chlorophyll, have expressive laboratory apparatus and specific reagents. This study aimed to evaluate a regression equation for correlation between SPAD index and photosynthetic pigments in African mahogany plants, Khaya senegalensis, under saline stress. The plants were cultivated in vases containing washed sand, in a greenhouse. Salinity was established by adding NaCl, with levels of electrical conductivity: 1.0 • 3.38 • 15.14 • 29.90 • 42.61 • 53.60 dS m ­-1 , in a completely randomized design (DIC) . The total chlorophyll contents were determined in the laboratory using a spectrophotometer and, in the plants, the SPAD index was quantified directly under the leaves. By regression analysis, through data evaluation with the STATISTICA program, the significant correlation between the SPAD index and total chlorophyll was expressed by the equation: Total chlorophylls = -41.0166 + 1.0338 EC, allowing this result to be direct quantification of the levels of photosynthetic pigments using the SPAD index.
A study to assess the effect of maternal hemoglobin level on foetal outcome among antenatal mothers in selected maternity hospitals at Mangalore
Authors: SONIA SEBASTIAN
Published: April 2023

In developing countries maternal anemia during pregnancy has been reported to increase the risk of unfavorable foetal outcome. According to the standard laid down by WHO, anemia in pregnancy is present when the hemoglobin concentration in the peripheral blood is 11gm\100ml or less. In India its prevalence has been found to be in the range of 50-90% in 3rd trimester of pregnancy according to different studies conducted in rural areas. Maternal anemia in pregnancy is commonly considered as risk factor for poor pregnancy outcome and can threaten the life of mother and foetus. However, the extent to which the maternal hemoglobin concentration affects the foetal weight and foetal outcome is still uncertain. In the present study the researcher will investigate the possible effects of abnormal maternal hemoglobin level on foetal outcome. Interpretation and Conclusion: The findings of the present study revealed that there is a relationship between maternal hemoglobin level and fetal outcome such as birth weight, color of the new born, muscle tone, pre term birth and gestational age of the new born. A review of previous studies done showed that the risks of preterm delivery and LBW increased in proportion to the severity of maternal anemia. A comprehensive community based intervention with iron supplementation, helminthes treatment and increase in knowledge regarding information, education and communication through effective strategies, to improve the hematological status of pregnant women in each trimester, is needed and there by reduces maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity.
Analysis on the Plot of Short Story "Soldier's Home" By Ernest Hemingway
Authors: PSDKU JMMatai , Magelang Anton
Published: April 2023

The title of this study is AN ALYSIS ON THE PLOT OF SHORT STORY "SOLDIER'S HOME" BY ERNEST HEMINGWAY. The aim of this study is to find out the Plot used in the Short story â€œSoldierâ€™s Homeâ€. The researcher applied Descriptive study method, aim analyzing and describing the data. The data of the study is Short story "Soldier's Home" by Ernest Hemingway. From the result, the researcher analyzed the plot of short story "Soldier's Home" by using Descriptive analysis. The researcher found out that, parts of plot used in the story "Soldier's Home" is: Exposition which tells about the introduction of Krebs as main character who is a Soldier of United States. He takes a part in the World War 1 in 1917 in Europe. Complication tells about the experience of the war changes his attitude toward work and woman after he comes back to his town Oklahoma - a town in United States. Crisis or climax tells the complications become more developed where there is a contradiction of the idea about work and woman among Krebs and his Parents. This is the high point of the story, Falling action tells about the action of Krebs falls where he becomes aware of his changes attitude that caused by the experience of the war and he tries to be a good boy to his mother, Resolution tells that Krebs accepts parents suggestion where he has forgotten the experience of the war that influence him in the town and he has decided to find out another job in Kansas- United States that can makes him enjoy it. The findings presented in this writing are still open to be proved by other.
Maximized The Young Language Learners’ Motivation Via Songs and Increasing Their Speaking Skill Ability
Authors: Manuputty Glorya
Published: April 2023

This article is aimed to describe the advantages of why songs are important to support the English language learning process. This article also explains the position where English is learned as the foreign language in Indonesia. Songs are learning resources with many advantages, including linguistics resources, affective/psychological resources, and cognitive resources. Songs can be good learning sources as teaching media for English language classes. As the world of children goes with songs and like to sing it. They love saying chants in rhythm and enjoy repeating phrases that rhyme. Moreover, they enjoy moving to the rhythm, clapping hands, tapping the feet, and dancing. Therefore, music and movement naturally connect to children's hearts, minds, and bodies. Teaching young learners has to be enjoyable for the classroom as young learners often use songs and movement to engage children in the class. Using songs and movement is one of the best ways to teach young learners. Making the learning process interesting for children is important, especially for young learners who learn English as a foreign language. Songs can also support the four skills for the learners such as speaking, reading, writing, and listening. Another language advantages are that pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar are provided in learning through songs. It is such a duty for teachers to create a fun and enjoyable atmosphere in teaching. Using the textbook is no longer efficient for teaching young learners nowadays. The teacher tends to be more creative and tend to find more variation in delivering teaching materials, whether using songs from the internet, CD or tape recorder, or television. There are several benefits for language learning using songs for young English learners' classes. Music and songs can do the following: provided authentic, meaningful context, introduce children to the target culture, emotional and social effects, provide opportunities to practice oral language, Aid in retention and comprehension.
An Analysis of EFL Teacher-Made Tests
Authors: Pesiwarissa Rice , Anaktototy Karolis , Maruanaya Hendrik Jacob
Published: April 2023

Teacher-made tests became a common practice in school to assess the students’ mastery of the content knowledge and skills.  In the development of the test, multiple-choice test form is frequently a preferred option among the teacher. This study examines the content knowledge, cognitive and authentic evidence of teacher-made multiple-choice tests in EFL learning context in Junior High school. The English midterm-test document for grade 7 as the source of data. The test consists of 25 multiple choice items. The analysis showed that test items functioned primarily at the content knowledge of linguistic competence (52%), discourse competence (24%), and interactional competence (24%). The cognitive functioning level is C1 (4%), C2 (32%), C3 (32%) and C4 (32%), while the authentic functioning level is 16%. However, there are 84% items that are considered less authentic with the result of the analysis showing the mean score of the raters is 2.69. Regarding the findings of this study, the teacher needs to develop the authentic tasks in the test.
Inquiry Learning Model at SMK Negeri 6 Masni District, West Papua Year of Study 2021/2022
Authors: Manjorang Juni Ernawati
Published: April 2023

This study aims to improve learning outcomes for class XI ATPH through the application of the Inquiry Learning Model in the productive subject of Vegetable Crops Agribusiness at SMK (Vocational Upper-Seconday School) Negeri 6 Masni District. Through the Inquiry Learning Model, students are expected to achieve the goal of improved learning outcomes of Productive Vegetable Crops Agribusiness. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) which is carried out in a two-stage offline learning cycle. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely planning, action implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects in this study are 28 students from the class XI ATPH SMK Negeri 6 Masni. The success indicator in this study is: 75% of the students are actively involved in the learning process, an increase in learning outcomes is achieved during each cycle through the post-test, and 75% of the students are able to achieve the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM) determined by the school, which is 70.
The Word Sorts Strategy
Authors: Sabarlele Novarisany , Oraile Orpa Penina
Published: April 2023

This study discussed the use of Word Sort Strategy as a tool in teaching vocabulary. Teaching vocabulary is essential in language learning. The teacher should be able to use appropriate ways for teaching vocabulary so that the students can learn effectively Harmer, as cited in Yulianto 2010:19-20). Most of the students consider that learning vocabulary is difficult so that they lack interest and motivation. Students sometimes could only say and understand some words and could not develop their ideas well in their sentences. Therefore the teachers have a very important role to increase students’ motivation to learn supported by interesting ways as Word Sort Strategy. Word Sort Strategy contributes to increasing the students’ interest and motivation, making the students has a sense of the context of language and Word Sort can be a specific reference point. It can enhance students’ motivation in learning vocabulary.
Enhancing EFL Undergraduate Students’ Speaking Fluency through Chunking
Authors: Monica Monica
Published: April 2023

The objective of this research is to examine the impact of using chunking, multiword groups, on enhancing EFL Undergraduate students' speaking fluency. As a learner of English as a foreign language, the obstacle experienced in improving productive skills, especially in speaking such as fluency in speaking with minimal understanding of the importance of understanding how the native speaker uses many chunks in communicating fluently. In the initial stage of this research, students in the same class of speaking in general speaking skills through speaking skills tests and interviews in English to measure their general speaking skills in the same population. Furthermore, the class was divided into two large groups, control and experimental groups using the same material and speaking skills. However, the experimental group was given learning and practice using chunking to improve their fluency in speaking. In the final stage, the second group was given a posttest in the form of an interview with the same material to measure the difference in their level of speaking ability, especially the frequency of using chunking in speaking fluency. The findings showed a significant difference in increasing speaking fluency in the experimental group and positive attitudes towards the use of chunking in enhencing speaking fluency.
Students' Perception of Using Google Meet In English For Advertising Class at Universitas Bhinneka PGRI
Authors: Setiawan Gita Yulia
Published: April 2023

Indonesian’s students always does teaching learning process at school, but, the students can not do it during pandemic covid 19. To overcome this situation, there are some exchanges that is made. One of some exchanges is from face to face teaching learning process to online.Some applications as part of technology development are used to support teaching learning process. Eight semester students of English Department Universitas Bhinneka PGRI also face that. They use google meet to support English for Advertising class. The purpose of this study was to find out the lecture‟s way in conducting English for Advertising class and to know eighth semester students' perceptions by using google meet in English for advertising class during pandemic covid 19 at the English Department of Bhinneka PGRI University. In this study, the researcher used a qualitative descriptive method and data is random sampling data. Participants are eighth semester students who joined in English for advertising class at Universitas Bhinneka PGRI. It involves 25 students.Data collection methods used in this study were questionnaire and interview. As the results, it is found that From 21 statements, the students give 16 positive perception, 5 neutral, and nothing negative perception of the statements. From results of quetionnaire, most of the students give positive perception. And from the result of interview showed that the lecture always conduct teaching learning process by discussion method which is followed by assigmnents without giving motivation and feedback every meeting. Most of the students are happy and enthusiasm at the class.
An Analysis of Figurative Language in Poems by Laksmi Pamuntjak
Authors: Laimena Marce , Que Stella Rose
Published: April 2023

Figurative language is used to beautify literary work, especially poems. It can make the poems more exciting and unique. But some readers cannot identify the figurative language used in poetry. The poem's readers will read, analyze, and interpret poetry without considering the use of figurative language. The research objectives were to explain the kinds of figurative language used in selected poems by Laksmi Pamuntjak and the use of figurative language in Laksmi Pamuntjak's poems. This is qualitative research with content analysis. This approach offered to analyze data by choosing some poems by Laksmi Pamuntjak, reading the poems, identifying the figurative language used in the poems, then analyzing the figurative language used in the poems. In analyzing figurative language in Laksmi Pamuntjak's poems, the researcher grouped them based on the figurative language used in each poem. In analyzing data, the researcher analyzed every figurative language found in the poems and the last drawing conclusion based on the result of the data analysis. This research revealed figurative language in every selected poem by Laksmi Pamuntjak. The figurative languages used in the poems vary. Each poem had characteristics, so the use of figurative language was also diverse. This research will give readers advantages, especially the lectures and the college students. There is hope that more research will analyze figurative language in poetry and other literary works.
Outras nomenclaturas, velhas conceituações: ali­enação versus “curtir”
Authors: MOREIRA Taíse Alves
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo discorre a partir de um pensamento metodológico que de que o sentido da palavra consumo está presente na sociedade pós-moderna, mas que estaria apresentado de maneira simulada. Essa prática permitiria que o processo de alienação continuasse a existir. Entretanto, ao entender que os sujeitos são plurais vai se visualizando também que é possível, mesmo através de outros mecanismos tecnológicos, a produção de significados distintos para ações comuns como o “curtir”, nas redes sociais. Assim, as contribuições de Deleuze (1972), Flusser (1985) e Certeau (1998) se apresentam de forma imprescindível.
A invenção da literatura “capixaba”
Authors: SOARES Sarah Vervloet
Published: April 2023

Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir a pertinente questão, relacionada à denominação “Literatura Capixaba” que se atribui às obras literárias produzidas no Espírito Santo – Estado localizado na região sudeste do Brasil. O discurso – imbricado nessa expressão – sugere um passado histórico e cultural, marcado pelo desprezo, o qual pode ser encontradocomo reflexo de determinadas produções, bem como de políticas públicas escassas e ineficazes. A partir disso, para compreender a história da literatura no Espírito Santo, alguns conceitos teóricos são sugeridos em diálogo à luz de Roy Wagner, Michel Foucault, Tzvetan Todorov, Luiz Costa Lima, entre outros. A metodologia se faz na articulação de noções de identidade e cultura, segundo a ideia da instituição da expressão “Literatura Capixaba”.