bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Автоматизация бухгалтерского учета и будущее бухгалтерской профессии
Authors: Sumar Ramiro Rodrigues
Published: July 2021

Наличие качества в предоставляемых услугах действительно необходимо для выживания бухгалтерской профессии, поскольку оно переводится в цель бухгалтера. Информационные системы, новые технологии искусственного интеллекта и инновации, когда они связаны с экспертизой специалистов по бухгалтерскому учету, могут привести к повышению производительности компаний и, следовательно, экономики. Учитывая, что профессия бухгалтера стремится предоставлять налоговую информацию налоговым органам, данная статья призвана продемонстрировать, что эта профессия находится в процессе миграции в отношении автоматизации задач, чтобы стать инструментом управления, способным помочь в принятии решений, чтобы способствовать выполнению социальной ответственности компаний. Проблематизация данного исследования основана на следующем проблемном вопросе: Какова будет роль бухгалтера в автоматизации бухгалтерского учета? Закончится ли бухгалтерская профессия, как предсказывал Институт Sapiens в исследовании 2018 года? Для достижения поставленных целей был использован обзор литературы. В качестве результатов в статье продемонстрирована роль бухгалтера в процессе развития и роста компаний до и после автоматизации бюрократических процессов, а также перспективы будущего сценария профессии. Таким образом, было установлено, что бухгалтерская профессия претерпевает внезапную смену позиционирования, чтобы выжить как профессия и сохранить свою роль в обществе и экономике страны.
Hydrogeological Synthesis of Groundwater Resources: Case of the Feija Watershed (South-east of Morocco)
Authors: Aboubakr EZ-ZIYANI , Abdelhalim TABIT , Ahmed ALGOUTI , Abdellah ALGOUTI , Abdelouhed FARAH , Mariam GOULMA , Kamal ELBADAOUI
Published: July 2021

The Feija watershed is located in southeast Morocco. It is the main tributary of the middle Draa valley. It covers an area of 2089.3 km². The Feija watershed dominated by an arid climate. The economic development in the Feija basin is essentially based on agriculture, which requires pumping a considerable amount of groundwater resources. These waters are being overexploited because of the fast growth in the agricultural sector and the influence of adverse climatic conditions. The present study concerns a hydrogeological synthesis of the Feija groundwater, in particular the influence of topographical, climatic, hydrological and geological factors that interact to create a complex system with uncontrolled agricultural consumption. To this effect, and to determine the recharge and discharge rates of the groundwater, the contribution of remote sensing and GIS presents a major role in assessing and monitoring the condition of the groundwater and faced the water stress characteristic of this study area.
A FEMECS e a mobilização pela inserção da Sociologia na Educação Básica: entrevista com Julia Polessa Maçaira
Authors: Mosca Roberto , Mayo Vinicius , Lamarão Camila
Published: July 2021

Entrevista concedida, como as demais que integram o presente número de Perspectiva Sociológica (nº 27), como parte do resgate da memória de fatos e passagens relacionados ao processo de aprovação do PL 09/00 no Senado Federal, em 2001, e ao posterior veto de Fernando Henrique Cardoso. Os relatos jogam luz sobre este momento marcante da luta pela reinserção da Sociologia no currículo da Escola Básica. São seis depoimentos de cientistas sociais que se engajaram na campanha pela aprovação do projeto quando eram estudantes e participavam da Federação do Movimento Estudantil de Ciências Sociais (FEMECS). A primeira entrevista é um depoimento de Julia Polessa Maçaira, professora do Departamento de Didática da Faculdade de Educação da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Os depoimentos fazem parte de uma série de entrevistas realizadas em 2015, através de uma pesquisa iniciada no mesmo ano, no âmbito do Laboratório Lincoln Bicalho Roque, localizado no Departamento de Sociologia do Colégio Pedro II. A iniciativa foi contemplada no edital de projeto de iniciação artística e cultural lançado pela Pró-Reitoria de Pós-Graduação, Pesquisa, Extensão e Cultura (PROPGPEC) do Colégio Pedro II e desenvolvida pelos professores Roberto Mosca Junior e Vinicius Mayo.
A FEMECS e a decepção com o veto do PL 09/00: entrevista com Flavio Serafini
Authors: Mosca Roberto , Mayo Vinicius , Lamarão Camila
Published: July 2021

Entrevista concedida, como as demais que integram o presente número de Perspectiva Sociológica (nº 27), como parte do resgate da memória de fatos e passagens relacionados ao processo de aprovação do PL 09/00 no Senado Federal, em 2001, e ao posterior veto de Fernando Henrique Cardoso. Os relatos jogam luz sobre este momento marcante da luta pela reinserção da Sociologia no currículo da Escola Básica. São seis depoimentos de cientistas sociais que se engajaram na campanha pela aprovação do projeto quando eram estudantes e participavam da Federação do Movimento Estudantil de Ciências Sociais (FEMECS). A presente entrevista é um depoimento de Flavio Serafini, professor de Sociologia da Escola Politécnica de Saúde Joaquim Venâncio (EPSJV) da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) e hoje exercendo o mandato de Deputado Estadual pelo Partido Socialismo e Liberdade (PSOL). Os depoimentos fazem parte de uma série de entrevistas realizadas em 2015, através de uma pesquisa iniciada no mesmo ano, no âmbito do Laboratório Lincoln Bicalho Roque, localizado no Departamento de Sociologia do Colégio Pedro II. A iniciativa foi contemplada no edital de projeto de iniciação artística e cultural lançado pela Pró-Reitoria de Pós-Graduação, Pesquisa, Extensão e Cultura (PROPGPEC) do Colégio Pedro II e desenvolvida pelos professores Roberto Mosca Junior e Vinicius Mayo.
Os desafios para o ensino de Sociologia na Educação Básica a partir da BNCC
Authors: Silva Josefa Alexandrina
Published: July 2021

O artigo analisa os significados dados ao Ensino Médio pela Reforma Educacional pautada na Lei 13.415/17 e pela Base Nacional Comum Curricular do Ensino Médio (BNCC-EM) e reflete sobre os desafios que se colocam para o ensino da Sociologia na educação básica. De forma mais específica, discute os limites dos saberes voltados para o “fazer algo” preconizados por esta reforma e sua relação com os sentidos do ensino da Sociologia na educação básica. Para isso, realizou pesquisa do tipo bibliográfica e documental. Na primeira parte examina as normatizações que regem o Ensino Médio a partir de 2017, e, na segunda, analisa como as ressignificações da educação dadas pela reforma repercutem no ensino da Sociologia. Conclui que a adesão de pesquisadores e professores ao ensino interdisciplinar e o expediente do “saber pragmático” estabelecidos pela reforma, sem o estabelecimento da crítica aos seus pressupostos, fragiliza o ensino de Sociologia na educação básica ao transformá-lo em saber instrumental para a resolução de problemas em oposição à compreensão sociológica da realidade.
Manifesto pela permanência da Sociologia no Ensino Médio
Authors: Yashinishi Bruno José
Published: July 2021

O presente artigo apresenta algumas reflexões sobre a proposta do atual Ministério da Educação de diluir ou suprimir a disciplina Sociologia no currículo do Ensino Médio. Entendendo que essa proposição faz parte de um ideário educacional aos moldes do neoliberalismo, que contempla a nova Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), bem como a proposta de reforma do Ensino Médio, o objetivo é defender a permanência da obrigatoriedade dessa disciplina no ensino básico e evidenciar a importância de uma formação crítica e autônoma, contemplada pelo estudo das ciências humanas.  Para tanto, o principal referencial teórico será o patrono da Educação brasileira, o pernambucano Paulo Reglus Neves Freire. Algumas obras de Freire são capazes de esclarecer pontos fundamentais do estudo das humanidades, assim como defendem uma Educação problematizadora e autônoma, ao contrário da educação aos moldes bancários, como se tem proposto no Brasil atualmente. É sabido que Freire não abordou especificamente a discussão sobre a permanência ou não da disciplina de Sociologia no Ensino Médio, porém, seu pensamento sobre a Educação a considera um ato político, capaz de fomentar o senso crítico e formar indivíduos autônomos e pensantes. Características semelhantes ao propósito de se estudar as ciências humanas desde a educação básica.
Interseções entre a Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) e as Ciências Sociais: panorama das pesquisas na área de Sociologia
Authors: Cunha Junior Adenílson Souza
Published: July 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a abrangência das pesquisas sobre a Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) desenvolvidas na área de concentração Sociologia por meio de um levantamento e da análise das produções realizadas nos programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu entre os anos de 2003 e 2016 que se encontram disponíveis na base de dados do catálogo de teses e dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). Para tanto, utiliza o estado do conhecimento enquanto perspectiva metodológica, assim foram inventariadas vinte e duas produções, posteriormente divididas quantitativamente e categorizadas. Considerando que o tema das políticas públicas foi o mais recorrente nas categorizações temáticas, apresentamos uma análise qualitativa das produções, apontando as principais tendências e as tensões das pesquisas. Os resultados apontam que as produções em EJA mantêm intersecções com diversos objetos de pesquisa no campo da Sociologia, sobretudo nas interfaces entre Sociologia e educação.
O perfil socioeconômico dos estudantes do CEFET/RJ antes e depois do sistema de cotas raciais e sociais
Authors: Ramos Valena Ribeiro Garcia , Bordalo Caroline Araújo , Pereira Márcia Menezes Thomaz
Published: July 2021

Neste artigo, são apresentados os resultados parciais de uma pesquisa quantitativa, realizada no âmbito do projeto de iniciação científica “Juventude (s) e os sentidos atribuídos ao universo da escola e do trabalho”, sobre as mudanças no perfil socioeconômico e demográfico dos estudantes do ensino médio e técnico do campus Maracanã do Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca (CEFET/RJ), depois do sistema de cotas sociais adotado em 2013. Dentre as mudanças identificadas foi observado que os estudantes pretos que ingressavam na instituição antes das cotas pertenciam as faixas salarias médias e altas. Ao passo que, depois das cotas, o perfil de renda deste segmento se modificou, estando os estudantes pretos ingressantes nas menores faixas salariais. No que se refere a idealização do projeto de escolarização pelos jovens, a finalização do curso profissionalizante de nível médio, mesmo com a mudança do perfil dos estudantes, continua a ser visto como uma etapa importante para a conquista do diploma universitário.
O PIBID e a Residência Docente: relatos de experiências de formação de professores no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Santos Vanice da Silva Pereira dos , Anjos Bruna Lucila de Gois dos , D'Alecio Gabrielle Cotrim
Published: July 2021

O relato versa sobre a formação de professores de sociologia e a relação com os programas de formação de professores inicial e continuada, tais como: o Programa de Iniciação à docência (PIBID) e o Programa de Residência docente do Colégio Pedro II (PRD -CPII). Tais são experiências restritas ao estado do Rio de Janeiro e com três professoras da Rede Estadual de Educação deste território. O objetivo do trabalho é compreender como essas políticas públicas voltadas para a formação de professores contribuíram para a construção do conhecimento escolar da disciplina, e como interferem na formação destes docentes. O quadro teórico metodológico desse estudo conta com o autor inglês Ivor Goodson, que afirma a centralidade dos docentes nas decisões referentes ao currículo e ao ensino, com Bernadete Gatti, que reflete sobre os impactos das políticas de formação docente no Brasil, e com Mario Bispo dos Santos que investiga o PIBID de Ciências Sociais/Sociologia. Assim, será demonstrado como o investimento dessas políticas públicas traz um novo status ao professor da educação básica no processo de formação de novos docentes, e discutiremos sobre as características específicas dessas políticas públicas que fortalecem o processo de formação de novos docentes.
Os envoltos da cultura e a constante ameaça ocidental
Authors: Silva Matheus Domingo dos Santos
Published: July 2021

A temática abordada neste artigo é voltada a uma análise acerca de um paralelo referente às formas às quais o saber ocidental caracteriza e limita os demais por conta de suas próprias essências, sendo essa análise historicamente contextualizada em meados das grandes navegações e nos tempos atuais. Com mais exatidão, trata-se de um estudo baseado nos conceitos de colonialidade e colonialismo, e as suas explícitas relações com o apagamento e invisibilização de diversos saberes ao redor do globo. O objetivo central desta pesquisa é explorar, principalmente, o elo entre a desvalorização de culturas de origem afrodescendente e de povos originários do Brasil, e os meios utilizados pelo sistema dominante ocidental, cujas intenções não só estão voltadas para a extinção da diversidade, bem como para a universalização dos seus saberes e costumes, em detrimento da subjetividade humana e do esquecimento dos saberes locais.
Cardiac Arrest Survival Post-Electrocution – Management in a Low-Resource Emergency Department in Ghana: A Case Series
Authors: Quao : Nana Serwaa Agyeman
Published: July 2021

Introduction The potential dangers of electrical injuries continue to increase since the commercial availability of electricity. Degrees of electrical injuries range from minor burns to cardiac arrest. Electrocution is cardiac arrest resulting from an electric shock. In Ghana, many electrocution cases are declared dead with little or no resuscitative measures. With the establishment of the emergency department (ED) at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), such cases within the catchment area are being managed. We sought to describe the management of three (3) cases of electrocution admitted which were resuscitated at the KATH ED. Case Series We present three retrospective cases of electrocution involving two adults and one child presenting to the ED of KATH. None of them had any form of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) at the scene, or en route to the hospital, however, all cases received resuscitative measures of CPR, defibrillation, intubation and other supportive management, and were successfully discharged home in a few days with no major complications. Discussion Electrical injuries do occur; however, continuous education and caution should be taken especially whilst using electricity and electrical appliances. Workers with high exposure to electricity should emphasize maximum safety precautions and use of appropriate protective equipment. Home appliances should be well hidden and insulated to protect children. Early recognition of cardiac arrest, immediate initiation of CPR, availability of defibrillators improves outcomes in cardiac arrest post-electrocution.
MRSA Community-acquired Pneumonia: Non COVID-19 Related Bilateral Ground-glass Opacities
Authors: Alfraji Nasam
Published: July 2021

Methicillin-resistant staph aureus (MRSA) has been known to cause severe hospital-acquired infections with its multi-drug resistant nature. MRSA Infections could quickly escalate into severe sepsis resulting in death, if not recognized and treated abruptly. This pathogen uncommonly causes Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP), which can lead to under treatment due to delayed coverage with anti-MRSA antibiotics resulting in poor clinical outcome. We herein describe an unusual case of MRSA CAP during COVID-19 pandemic in an 80-year-old male who was unresponsive and found to be in septic shock, intubated outside the hospital setting, and then brought to intensive care unit for further management. Laboratory and radiographic studies revealed MRSA in sputum culture and extensive bilateral consolidation with bilateral ground glass opacities and pleural effusions on imaging. Our patient was successfully treated with linezolid and extubated within 48 hours with a favorable outcome. High index of suspicion and a timely coverage with anti-MRSA antibiotics would reduce mortality and lead to a better outcome in otherwise fatal infection. Keywords: MRSA; Community-acquired pneumonia; Respiratory failure; Critical care; Case report
What is behind a Strange Encephalitis?
Authors: Mazzitelli Maria
Published: July 2021

Encephalitis are very serious clinical conditions and can be burdened by high mortality and morbidity. Their causes can be mainly infectious, but also neoplastic, autoimmune or toxic. The diagnostic algorithm must always consider all possible differential diagnoses. Keywords: Intoxication; Encephalitis; Differential diagnosis.
The COVID-19 Pandemic and Migrant Entrepreneurship: Responses to the market shock
Authors: Vorobeva Ekaterina , Dana Léo-Paul
Published: July 2021

The economic recession caused by the COVID-19 pandemic reinforced existing inequalities in the business market. Typically facing numerous structural constraints, during the ongoing crisis migrant entrepreneurs appear to be at greatly heightened risk. Applying Davidsson’s and Gordon’s (2016) classification of crisis responses to the realm of migrant entrepreneurship, the current article intends to shed some light on what coping strategies are used by self-employed migrants when economic shocks arise. Four types of responses, namely, disengagement, delay, compensation, and adaptation, as well as their combination were identified in business practices of African entrepreneurs in Finland. The responses prove to be tightly linked to disrupted transnational business networks, limitations of technological solutions and restricted access to funding and assistance.
A Survey on the mental health of unaccompanied women refugees in Moria Camp, Greece
Authors: Gavalas Vasilis S , Shayestefar Maryam
Published: July 2021

A survey concerning the mental health of unaccompanied women (women who have immigrated alone or with their minor children illegally) was conducted in the currently biggest refugee camp in Greece on the island of Lesvos. A form of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) was used as the main screening tool of the wellbeing of 69 females. Results showed that these women reported having symptoms of bad health, anxiety, sleeping disorders and depression in a greater degree than their usual status before coming to the camp. Results differ by ethnicity. Women from sub-Saharan Africa seem to be more vulnerable than other ethnic groups, while Somalian women are the most resilient ethnic group, since they did not show critical symptoms in any of the examined health issues. Differences in health-related issues between ethnic groups proved statistically significant. On the other hand, age and duration of stay in the camp, although altered to some degree the results, did not make any statistically significant difference.
Abstract From Current Literature Vol. 53 (1-2)
Authors: - -
Published: July 2021

Abstract not available

Bang Med J Khulna 2020: 53 : 35-38
Serum Uric Acid as a Prognostic Factor of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Sardar Md Amzad Hossain , Rahman Md Khalilur , Alam Md Mahidul , Hasan Md Aminul , Sarker Ashoke , Hoque Md Mohimanul
Published: July 2021

Background: Among non-communicable diseases, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a common killer of people in the world. The management of AMI patients is one of the major challenges in the field of cardiology. Uric acid has several effects of potential interest in cardiovascular disease. There are some markers indicating an unfavorable prognosis in AMI patients. Uric acid is one of the markers that have been evaluated in research.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the association between serum uric acid level and in-hospital outcomes of AMI patients.

Patients and methods: This longitudinal descriptive study was conducted over 115 AMI patients in the Cardiology Unit of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital during the period of January 2015 to December 2016. Baseline characteristics such as age, sex, BMI, BP, RBS, risk factors (hypertension, DM, smoking, family history of IHD, dyslipidemia), and outcomes of AMI patients (acute LVF, arrhythmia, conduction block, cardiogenic shock, death) were recorded. We measured the serum uric acid of this patient at admission.  Results: The mean age of patients was 52.83±10.71 years. Out of 115 patients, 83.5% were male, and 16.5% were female. Among the risk factors, 65.2% of patients had HTN, 20.9% DM, 64.3% smoking, 16.5% family history of IHD, and 47.8% dyslipidemia. Out of 115, 35.7% of patients demonstrated high serum uric acid. In outcomes of AMI patients, acute LVF 24.4% (p=0.031) and death 12.2% (p=0.041) were significantly higher in patients with high serum uric acid levels.

Conclusion: Significant association was found between high serum uric acid level and in-hospital outcomes of AMI patients. So, estimation of serum uric acid may offer an inexpensive, quick, and non-invasive method for identifying such high-risk patients.

TAJ 2021; 34: No-1: 26-32
Disease Profile and Death Pattern among the Children Admitted in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital
Authors: Ahmmad Be Nazir , Rahman Fazlur , Parvin Naznin , Alam Md Shamsul , Banerjee Shitangshu , Uddin Md Belal
Published: July 2021

Background: Rajshahi medical college hospital is a tertiary care teaching and referral center in the North-West part of Bangladesh. To assess the epidemiological trend in hospital admission, including morbidity and mortality pattern of illness in the pediatric population, it needs to develop effective health care planning, appropriate resource allocation, and integration of existing health care service facilities.

Objective: To evaluate the diseases and deaths of children admitted in the department of pediatrics, Rajshahi medical college hospital, Rajshahi.

Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study. The collected case records of all patients admitted in the department of pediatrics from 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2019 (3 years) were analyzed.  Result: A total of 62000 children were admitted during the mentioned study period. All the patients were distributed into three age groups infant, under five, and more than five, contributing 22%, 27.5%, and 19%, respectively. Acute watery diarrhea (21%), hereditary hemolytic anemia (18%), bronchopneumonia (10.4%), acute gastritis (9.4%), and acute bronchiolitis and wheezy child (7.17%) were the top five diseases in each of the three years of admission. Among the total admitted patients, 1003 (1.61%) patients died. Infant, under five, and more than five age groups constitute 61.3%, 28.1%, and 15.1%, respectively. Encephalitis and fulminant hepatic failure found the top two diseases causing death with a case fatality rate was 61% and 43%, respectively. The next highest case fatality rate was found in acute leukemia (15%). Other common causes of death include meningitis, cerebral palsy with complications (7.5%), bronchopneumonia with complications (3.8%).

Conclusion: An admission-related comprehensive evaluation of this study will help to understand the diseases and death patterns of a hospital, leading to the development of more effective planning and case management strategies.

TAJ 2021; 34: No-1: 55-62
MODIFIED EPOXY MATRIX FOR VEHICLE PROTECTION: ADHESIVE AND PHYSICAL-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Authors: Buketov А. V. , Chernyavska Т. V. , Ivchenko T. I. , Klevtsov K. M. , Fesenko I. P. , Yatsyuk V. M.
Published: July 2021

The significance of application of the polymer composite materials in current technologies has been proven, since they have been demonstrating high performance parameters, offering improved adhesion failure resistance, enhanced mechanical and thermophysical properties which as a consequence enables their application under both ambient and elevated temperatures. The purpose of the current work is to investigate the influence of the phthalimide modifier on the adhesive and physico-mechanical properties of epoxy composite materials and protective coatings based on them. The ED-20 epoxy diane oligomer has been taken as the main component for the binder in the formation of epoxy materials. Polyethylene polyamine hardener has been used for the crosslinking of epoxy compositions. Phthalimide has been taken as a modifier. The molecular formula of the modifier is: C8H5NO2. The molar mass of phthalimide is 147.13 g/mol. It has been proven that with the introduction of the phthalimide modifier in the amount of 2.0 pts.wt. into 100 pts.wt. of ED-20 epoxy oligomer, the material which offers the following properties is being built up: adhesive failure resistance at breaking off - 47.7 MPa, residual stresses - 1.1 MPa. Compared to the parent epoxy matrix, these properties demonstrate an improvement of the adhesive failure resistance at breaking off by 1.9 times, and in addition to the above, the residual stresses are being reduced by 1.3 times. The composite obtained may be reasonably taken in the form of a matrix when building up an adhesive layer for protective coatings. It has been experimentally proven that in order to build up the materials which would offer improved cohesive properties, it is necessary to use a composition of the following makeup: ED-20 epoxy oligomer (100 pts.wt.), polyethylene polyamine hardener (10 pts.wt.), phthalimide modifier (0.25 pts.wt.). Compared to the parent epoxy matrix, the formation of that kind of a material provides an improvement of the following indicators of physical and mechanical properties of composites: bending critical stresses - from 48.0 MPa to 62.1 MPa; impact value - from 7.4 kJ/m2 to 14.7 kJ/m2. Note that the elasticity coefficient of this material is being reduced compared to the parent epoxy matrix from 2.8 GPa to 2.2 GPa. The composite obtained may be reasonably taken in the form of a matrix when building up the surface layer for protective coatings.
Adhesive Tissue Engineered Scaffolds: Mechanisms and Applications
Authors: Chen Shuai , Gil Carmen J. , Ning Liqun , Jin Linqi , Perez Lilanni , Kabboul Gabriella , Tomov Martin L. , Serpooshan Vahid
Published: July 2021

A variety of suture and bioglue techniques are conventionally used to secure engineered scaffold systems onto the target tissues. These techniques, however, confront several obstacles including secondary damages, cytotoxicity, insufficient adhesion strength, improper degradation rate, and possible allergic reactions. Adhesive tissue engineering scaffolds (ATESs) can circumvent these limitations by introducing their intrinsic tissue adhesion ability. This article highlights the significance of ATESs, reviews their key characteristics and requirements, and explores various mechanisms of action to secure the scaffold onto the tissue. We discuss the current applications of advanced ATES products in various fields of tissue engineering, together with some of the key challenges for each specific field. Strategies for qualitative and quantitative assessment of adhesive properties of scaffolds are presented. Furthermore, we highlight the future prospective in the development of advanced ATES systems for regenerative medicine therapies.
LOC550643, a Long Non-coding RNA, Acts as Novel Oncogene in Regulating Breast Cancer Growth and Metastasis
Authors: Tsai Kuo-Wang , Chong Kian-Hwee , Li Chao-Hsu , Tu Ya-Ting , Chen Yi-Ru , Lee Ming-Cheng , Chan Shih-Hsuan , Wang Lu-Hai , Chang Yao-Jen
Published: July 2021

Metastatic disease is responsible for over 90% of death in patients with breast cancer. Therefore, identifying the molecular mechanisms that regulate metastasis and developing useful therapies are crucial tasks. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are non-coding transcripts with >200 nucleotides, have recently been identified as critical molecules for monitoring cancer progression. This study examined the novel lncRNAs involved in the regulation of tumor progression in breast cancer. This study identified 73 metastasis-related lncRNA candidates from comparison of paired isogenic high and low human metastatic breast cancer cell lines, and their expression levels were verified in clinical tumor samples by using The Cancer Genome Atlas. Among the cell lines, a novel lncRNA, LOC550643, was highly expressed in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, the high expression of LOC550643 was significantly correlated with the poor prognosis of breast cancer patients, especially those with triple-negative breast cancer. Knockdown of LOC550643 inhibited cell proliferation of breast cancer cells by blocking cell cycle progression at S phase. LOC550643 promoted important in vitro metastatic traits such as cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, LOC550643 could inhibit miR-125b-2-3p expression to promote breast cancer cell growth and invasiveness. In addition, by using a xenograft mouse model, we demonstrated that depletion of LOC550643 suppressed the lung metastatic potential of breast cancer cells. Overall, our study shows that LOC550643 plays an important role in breast cancer cell metastasis and growth, and LOC550643 could be a potential diagnosis biomarker and therapeutic target for breast cancer.
From Mesenchymal Stromal Cells to Engineered Extracellular Vesicles: A New Therapeutic Paradigm
Authors: Johnson Jancy , Shojaee Mozhgan , Mitchell Crow James , Khanabdali Ramin
Published: July 2021

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells obtained from many tissues including bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord, amniotic fluid, and placenta. MSCs are the leading cell source for stem cell therapy due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties, their low risk of tumorigenesis and lack of ethical constraints. However, clinical applications of MSCs remain limited. MSC therapeutic development continues to pose challenges in terms of preparation, purity, consistency, efficiency, reproducibility, processing time and scalability. Additionally, there are issues with their poor engraftment and survival in sites of disease or damage that limit their capacity to directly replace damaged cells. A key recent development in MSC research, however, is the now widely accepted view that MSCs primarily exert therapeutic effects via paracrine factor secretion. One of the major paracrine effectors are extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs represent a potential cell-free alternative to stem cell therapy but are also rapidly emerging as a novel therapeutic platform in their own right, particularly in the form of engineered EVs (EEVs) tailored to target a broad range of clinical indications. However, the development of EVs and EEVs for therapeutic application still faces a number of hurdles, including the establishment of a consistent, scalable cell source, and the development of robust GMP-compliant upstream and downstream manufacturing processes. In this review we will highlight the clinical challenges of MSC therapeutic development and discuss how EVs and EEVs can overcome the challenges faced in the clinical application of MSCs.
The Vital Roles of LINC00662 in Human Cancers
Authors: He Yuting , Xu Yating , Yu Xiao , Sun Zongzong , Guo Wenzhi
Published: July 2021

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in many human diseases, particularly in tumorigenicity and progression. Although lncRNA research studies are increasing rapidly, our understanding of lncRNA mechanisms is still incomplete. The long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 662 (LINC00662) is a novel lncRNA, and accumulating evidence suggests that it is related to a variety of tumors in multiple systems, including the respiratory, reproductive, nervous, and digestive systems. LINC00662 has been shown to be upregulated in malignant tumors and has been confirmed to promote the development of malignant tumors. LINC00662 has also been reported to facilitate a variety of cellular events, such as tumor-cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, and its expression has been correlated to clinicopathological characteristics in patients with tumors. In terms of mechanisms, LINC00662 regulates gene expression by interacting with both proteins and with RNAs, so it may be a potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. This article reviews the expression patterns, biological functions, and underlying molecular mechanisms of LINC00662 in tumors.
Identification of Novel Susceptible Genes of Gastric Cancer Based on Integrated Omics Data
Authors: Yaoxing Huang , Danchun Yu , Xiaojuan Sun , Shuman Jiang , Qingqing Yan , Lin Jia
Published: July 2021

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths in the world. This cancer has been regarded as a biological and genetically heterogeneous disease with a poorly understood carcinogenesis at the molecular level. Thousands of biomarkers and susceptible loci have been explored via experimental and computational methods, but their effects on disease outcome are still unknown. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified multiple susceptible loci for GC, but due to the linkage disequilibrium (LD), single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may fall within the non-coding region and exert their biological function by modulating the gene expression level. In this study, we collected 1,091 cases and 410,350 controls from the GWAS catalog database. Integrating with gene expression level data obtained from stomach tissue, we conducted a machine learning-based method to predict GC-susceptible genes. As a result, we identified 787 novel susceptible genes related to GC, which will provide new insight into the genetic and biological basis for the mechanism and pathology of GC development.
On the Trail of the German Purity Law: Distinguishing the Metabolic Signatures of Wheat, Corn and Rice in Beer
Authors: Pieczonka Stefan A. , Paravicini Sophia , Rychlik Michael , Schmitt-Kopplin Philippe
Published: July 2021

Here, we report a non-targeted analytical approach to investigate the influence of different starch sources on the metabolic signature in the final beer product. An extensive sample set of commercial beers brewed with barley, wheat, corn and/or rice were analyzed by both direct infusion Fourier transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry (DI-FTICR MS, 400 samples) and UPLC-ToF-MS (100 samples). By its unrivaled mass resolution and accuracy, DI-FTICR-MS was able to uncover the compositional space of both polar and non-polar metabolites that can be traced back to the use of different starch sources. Reversed phase UPLC-ToF-MS was used to access information about molecular structures (MS2-fragmentation spectra) and isomeric separation, with a focus on less polar compounds. Both analytical approaches were able to achieve a clear statistical differentiation (OPLS-DA) of beer samples and reveal metabolic profiles according to the starch source. A mass difference network analysis, applied to the exact marker masses resolved by FTICR, showed a network of potential secondary metabolites specific to wheat, corn and rice. By MS2-similarity networks, database and literature search, we were able to identify metabolites and compound classes significant for the use of the different starch sources. Those were also found in the corresponding brewing raw materials, confirming the potential of our approach for quality control and monitoring. Our results also include the identification of the aspartic acid-conjugate of N-β-D-glucopyranosyl-indole-3-acetic acid as a potential marker for the use of rice in the brewing industry regarding quality control and food inspection purposes.
Does Day-to-Day Variability in Stool Consistency Link to the Fecal Microbiota Composition?
Authors: Vork Lisa , Penders John , Jalanka Jonna , Bojic Svetlana , van Kuijk Sander M. J. , Salonen Anne , de Vos Willem M. , Rajilic-Stojanovic Mirjana , Weerts Zsa Zsa R. M. , Masclee Ad A. M. , Pozuelo Marta , Manichanh Chaysavanh , Jonkers Daisy M. A. E.
Published: July 2021

Introduction

Stool consistency has been associated with fecal microbial composition. Stool consistency often varies over time, in subjects with and without gastrointestinal disorders, raising the question whether variability in the microbial composition should be considered in microbiota studies. We evaluated within-subject day-to-day variability in stool consistency and the association with the fecal microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and healthy subjects, over seven days.

Methods

Twelve IBS patients and 12 healthy subjects collected fecal samples during seven consecutive days. Stool consistency was determined by the patient-reported Bristol Stool Scale (BSS) and fecal dry weight percentage. 16S rRNA V4 gene sequencing was performed and microbial richness (alpha diversity; Chao1 index, observed number of species, effective Shannon index) and microbial community structure (beta diversity; Bray-Curtis distance, generalized UniFrac, and taxa abundance on family level) were determined.

Results

Linear mixed-effects models showed significant associations between stool consistency and microbial richness, but no time effect. This implies that between-subject but not within-subject variation in microbiota over time can partially be explained by variation in stool consistency. Redundancy analysis showed a significant association between stool consistency and microbial community structure, but additional linear mixed-effects models did not demonstrate a time effect on this.

Conclusion

This study supports an association between stool consistency and fecal microbiota, but no effect of day-to-day fluctuations in stool consistency within seven days. This consolidates the importance of considering stool consistency in gut microbiota research, though confirms the validity of single fecal sampling to represent an individual’s microbiota at a given time point. NCT00775060.
Carbohydrate Antigen 125 Is a Biomarker of the Severity and Prognosis of Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Zhang Yi , Jin Qi , Zhao Zhihui , Zhao Qing , Yu Xue , Yan Lu , Li Xin , Duan Anqi , An Chenhong , Ma Xiuping , Xiong Changming , Luo Qin , Liu Zhihong
Published: July 2021

Background: Emerging evidence has showed that serum carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA 125) levels are associated with the severity and prognosis of heart failure. However, its role in pulmonary hypertension remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the clinical, echocardiographic, hemodynamic, and prognostic associations of CA 125 in pulmonary hypertension.

Methods and Results: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension patients receiving CA 125 measurement in Fuwai Hospital (January 1, 2014–December 31, 2018). The primary end-point was cumulative 1-year clinical worsening-free survival rate. Linear regression was performed to assess the association between CA 125 and clinical, echocardiographic, and hemodynamic parameters. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between CA 125 and clinical worsening events. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the predictive performance of CA 125. A total of 231 patients were included. After adjustment, CA 125 still positively correlated with World Health Organization functional class, NT-proBNP, right ventricular end-diastolic diameter, pericardial effusion, mean right atrial pressure and pulmonary arterial wedge pressure; negatively correlated with 6-min walk distance, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, mixed venous oxygen saturation, and cardiac index. After adjustment, CA 125 > 35 U/ml was associated with over 2 folds increased risk of 1-year clinical worsening. Further, ROC analysis showed that CA 125 provided additional predictive value in addition to the established pulmonary hypertension biomarker NT-proBNP.

Conclusion: CA 125 was associated with functional status, echocardiography, hemodynamics and prognosis of pulmonary hypertension.
Skeletal Muscle Microvascular Dysfunction Manifests Early in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Loai Sadi , Zhou Yu-Qing , Vollett Kyle D. W. , Cheng Hai-Ling Margaret
Published: July 2021

Aim: To perform a deep cardiac phenotyping of type II diabetes in a rat model, with the goal of gaining new insight into the temporality of microvascular dysfunction, cardiac dysfunction, and exercise intolerance at different stages of diabetes.

Methods and Results: Diabetes was reproduced using a non-obese, diet-based, low-dose streptozotocin model in male rats (29 diabetic, 11 control). Time-course monitoring over 10 months was performed using echocardiography, treadmill exercise, photoacoustic perfusion imaging in myocardial and leg skeletal muscle, flow-mediated dilation, blood panel, and histology. Diabetic rats maintained a normal weight throughout. At early times (4 months), a non-significant reduction (30%) emerged in skeletal muscle perfusion and in exercise tolerance. At the same time, diabetic rats had a normal, slightly lower ejection fraction (63 vs. 71% control, p < 0.01), grade 1 diastolic dysfunction (E/A = 1.1 vs. 1.5, isovolumetric relaxation time = 34 vs. 27 ms; p < 0.01), mild systolic dysfunction (ejection time = 69 vs. 57 ms, isovolumetric contraction time = 21 vs. 17 ms; p < 0.01), and slightly enlarged left ventricle (8.3 vs. 7.6 mm diastole; p < 0.01). Diastolic dysfunction entered grade 3 at Month 8 (E/A = 1.7 vs. 1.3, p < 0.05). Exercise tolerance remained low in diabetic rats, with running distance declining by 60%; in contrast, control rats ran 60% farther by Month 5 (p < 0.05) and always remained above baseline. Leg muscle perfusion remained low in diabetic rats, becoming significantly lower than control by Month 10 (33% SO2 vs. 57% SO2, p < 0.01). Myocardial perfusion remained normal throughout. Femoral arterial reactivity was normal, but baseline velocity was 25% lower than control (p < 0.05). High blood pressure appeared late in diabetes (8 months). Histology confirmed absence of interstitial fibrosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, or microvascular rarefaction in the diabetic heart. Rarefaction was also absent in leg skeletal muscle.

Conclusion: Reduced skeletal muscle perfusion from microvascular dysfunction emerged early in diabetic rats, but myocardial perfusion remained normal throughout the study. At the same time, diabetic rats exhibited exercise intolerance and early cardiac dysfunction, in which changes related to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) were seen. Importantly, skeletal muscle microvascular constriction

advanced significantly before the late appearance of hypertension. HFpEF phenotypes such as cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and rarefaction, which are typically associated with hypertension, were absent over the 10 month time-course of diabetes-related heart failure.
Evolution of Frequency and Intensity of Concurrent Heavy Precipitation and Storm Surge at the Global Scale: Implications for Compound Floods
Authors: Lai Yangchen , Li Qingquan , Li Jianfeng , Zhou Qiming , Zhang Xinchang , Wu Guofeng
Published: July 2021

Compound flood raised from the concurrent heavy precipitation and storm surge receives increasing attention because of its potential threat to coastal areas. Analyzing the past changes in the characteristics of compound flood events is critical to understand the changing flood risks associated with the combination of multiple drivers/hazards. Here, we examined the evolution of the compound flood days (defined as days of concurrent extreme precipitation and extreme storm surge exceeding the 90th percentiles) based on the observed precipitation and storm surge data across the globe. Results show that the annual number of compound flood days increased significantly by 1–4 per decade (α = 0.1) on the east coast of the US and northern Europe, while the annual number of compound flood days decreased significantly in southern Europe and Japan. The increasing trends in precipitation under extreme storm surge and storm surge under extreme precipitation were found extensively across the world except in Japan, suggesting that more intense precipitation appeared when extreme storm surges occurred, and higher storm surge emerged when extreme precipitation occurred. Comparatively, the global fractional contributions of storm surge (i.e., 65%) on changes in compound flood days were higher than that of precipitation (i.e., 35%), demonstrating that storm surge was more likely to dominate the changes in the number of compound flood days. This study presents the spatial and temporal characteristics of the compound flood events at the global scale, which helps better understanding the compound floods and provides scientific references for flood risk management and an indispensable foundation for further studies.
Inhibition of Lipoxygenases Showed No Benefit for the Musculoskeletal System in Estrogen Deficient Rats
Authors: Saul Dominik , Hohl Friederike Eva , Franz Max Konrad , Meyer Ilka , Taudien Stefan , Roch Paul Jonathan , Sehmisch Stephan , Komrakova Marina
Published: July 2021

Background

In previous studies, we reported the beneficial impact of two lipoxygenase-inhibitors, Baicalein and Zileuton, on osteoporotic bone in a postmenopausal rat model. Whereas subcutaneous Baicalein predominantly improved cortical bone, Zileuton enhanced vertebral and femoral trabecular bone. In this study, we aimed to reveal whether the oral administration of Baicalein caused similar effects on bone and whether a combined administration of Baicalein and Zileuton could act synergistically to ameliorate the formerly reported effects in the musculoskeletal system.

Methods

We treated ovariectomized (OVX) female Sprague-Dawley rats either with Baicalein (10mg/kg BW), Zileuton (10mg/kg BW) or a combination of both (each 10mg/kg BW) for 13 weeks and compared with untreated OVX and NON-OVX groups (n=12-16 rats per group). Lumbar vertebral bodies and femora were analyzed. Tibiae were osteotomized, plate-stabilized (at week 8 after OVX) and likewise analyzed by biomechanical, histological, micro-computed tomographical and ashing tests. The skeletal muscle structure was analyzed.

Results

Oral administration of Baicalein did not confirm the reported favorable cortical effects in neither vertebra nor femur. Zileuton showed a beneficial effect on trabecular vertebra, while the femur was negatively affected. Callus formation was enhanced by all treatments; however, its density and biomechanical properties were unaltered. Lipoxygenase inhibition did not show a beneficial effect on skeletal muscle. The combination therapy did not ameliorate OVX-induced osteoporosis but induced even more bone loss.

Conclusions

The preventive anti-osteoporotic treatments with two lipoxygenase inhibitors applied either alone or in combination showed no benefit for the musculoskeletal system in estrogen deficient rats.