bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity and antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis in Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Gonçalves Maysa Serpa , Dorneles Elaine Maria Seles , Heinemann Marcos Bryan , Brito Maria Aparecida Vasconcelos Paiva e , Guimarães Alessandro de Sá
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the genetic diversity and antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from dairy cows in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Thirty-seven isolates from five municipalities (8 herds) were genotyped using multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) and susceptibility to 12 antimicrobial agents was tested using the disk diffusion method. High resistance rates for penicillin [75.68% (28/37)], ampicillin [70.27% (26/37)], and tetracycline [70.27% (26/37)] were detected. Multidrug resistance was observed in seven [18.92% (7/37)] isolates, and two were suggestive of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Among the 37 isolates, 33 novel sequence types (ST) and two known STs (ST126 and ST746) were identified in MLST. The clonal complexes more frequently observed were: CC97 [78.38%; (29/37)], CC1 [8.11%; (3/37)] and CC5 [5.40%; (2/37)]. Minimum‐spanning tree (MST) analysis according to data from municipalities, herds, and resistance patterns for all isolates did not show any clustering pattern. However, the MST comparing all Brazilian S. aureus isolates deposited in the PubMLST database and from this study depicted an association between the genotype and strain origin (clinical sample). Isolates from this study that belong to CC97 were close to database isolates from milk and dairy products, while those that belong to CC1 and CC5 were close to database isolates from human sources and the environment of dairy farms or industries. In conclusion, our results showed a high rate of resistance to penicillins and tetracyclines and great genetic diversity among the S. aureus isolates from bovine mastitis genotyped in the present study.
Clinical and pathological aspects of progressive hyperphosphatasemia associated with vacuolar hepatopathy and hepatocellular carcinoma in a Scottish Terrier bitch
Authors: Ribeiro Paula Reis , Bianchi Matheus Viezzer , Lorenzett Marina Paula , Reis Matheus de Oliveira , Pöppl Alan Gomes , Pavarini Saulo Petinatti
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT: Hyperphosphatasemia refers to an increase in alkaline phosphatase serum activity, and Scottish Terriers (STs) are predisposed to develop this condition of uncertain pathogenesis. This study describes a case of progressive hyperphosphatasemia with vacuolar hepatopathy and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a ST bitch. This dog had a five-year clinical follow-up with progressive hyperphosphatasemia (up to 5503 U/L) and with ultrasound findings and histologic diagnosis of vacuolar hepatopathy, in addition to posterior onset of HCC. A steroidogenic adrenal panel revealed an increase of adrenocortical hormones, especially progesterone and androstenedione, consistent with a subdiagnosed hypercortisolism. Euthanasia was elected and at necropsy, multinodular, yellow to red masses were observed in the liver, which were histologically and immunohistochemically defined as HCC. The association of the clinical, imaging, biochemical, adrenal panel and pathologic findings allowed to characterize and confirm a progressive disorder in this ST bitch associated with elevated adrenocortical hormones.
Natural extracts marination in chicken breast fillets
Authors: Rohod Rosileide Vilalba , Garcia Elis Regina de Moraes , Lara Jorge Antonio Ferreira de
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the effects of natural extracts on chicken breast fillet marinades regarding the physicochemical properties, oxidative stability, and the Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli inhibition during 21 days of storage. Chicken breast fillets (Pectoralis major) (128 units) purchased in a local market, were used, allocated in a completely randomized block design, in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme (antioxidant x storage time), totalling 16 treatments with eight replicates. The TBARS and the pH values were not influenced by the analyzed factors. For the color results, the values of L* and b* were lower in the marinated chicken breast fillets with basil and BHT, respectively. When assessing the effect of storage time, an increase in oxidation was observed up to 21 days of storage. For pH, a quadratic decrease after storage with an increase in the pH value from the 11th day of storage was observed. In the color results, there was a linear decrease in the L* value during the storage period and in the value of b* a quadratic effect was observed with a reduction of this intensity up to 21 days of storage. In relation to the value of a*, a quadratic effect with an increase in the red intensity from the 7 days of storage was observed. For the counting of the S. aureus, the treatments presented 102 CFU/g up to 14 days, except for the basil which exceeded the limit established by the legislation at 14 days.
Agave angustifolia bulbil growth in different substrates, with doses of fertigation and inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense
Authors: Jarquín-Rosales Domitila , Valle José Raymundo Enríquez-del , Alpuche-Osorno Juan José , Rodríguez-Ortiz Gerardo , Campos-Ángeles Gisela Virginia , Morales Isidro
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT: There is little information about the production of agave plants in the nursery, so this research assessed the growth in the nursery of Agave angustifolia plants originating from inflorescence bulbils, subjected to different substrates, fertigation doses, and inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense. The bulbils were established for two months in a 50% peat-50% perlite substrate. One hundred and eighty plants were individually transferred to 3.8 dm3 pots for evaluation in an experiment with three factors: 1) type of irrigation: 1.1) water, or 1.2) fertigation with Steiner’s nutrient solution (NS), NS-50%, or 1.3) NS-100%; 2) inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense, 2.1) inoculated plants, 2.2) non-inoculated plants; 3) substrate, mixtures of bovine manure (BM) + sand (S) in different proportions, Mix1: 75% BM + 25% S; Mix2: 25% BM + 75% S; Mix3: 50% BM + 50% S. Morphological characteristics were quantified for one year. The largest plants were those that were in substrates with 50% BM, and were fertirrigated with NS-100% and inoculated with Azospirillum brasiliense. The smallest plants were those established a in a substrate with the lowest manure content, irrigated with only water and without inoculation, which was respectively 71.6 and 54.10 cm high, 21 and 15.6 leaves, 76.6 and 62.2 mm in stem diameter, 84.4 and 59.8 cm in rosette diameter.
K-mer applied in Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome cluster analysis
Authors: Ferreira Leila Maria , Sáfadi Thelma , Ferreira Juliano Lino
Published: June 2022

Abstract According to studies carried out, approximately 10 million people developed tuberculosis in 2018. Of this total, 1.5 million people died from the disease. To study the behavior of the genome sequences of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), the bacterium responsible for the development of tuberculosis (TB), an analysis was performed using k-mers (DNA word frequency). The k values ranged from 1 to 10, because the analysis was performed on the full length of the sequences, where each sequence is composed of approximately 4 million base pairs, k values above 10, the analysis is interrupted, as consequence of the program's capacity. The aim of this work was to verify the formation of the phylogenetic tree in each k-mer analyzed. The results showed the formation of distinct groups in some k-mers analyzed, taking into account the threshold line. However, in all groups, the multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains remained together and separated from the other strains.
Natural products as a control measure of the Achatina fulica (Gastropoda: Achatinidae)
Authors: Leite J. C. V. A. , Silva M. A. Rosa e , Santos J. A. A. , Faria R. X.
Published: June 2022

Abstract Achatina fulica is a terrestrial mollusk known as the giant African snail that is related to environmental, economic, urban, and public health problems. As control measures for this mollusk, cooking salt (NaCl) and calcium oxide (CaO) are used, and baits are composed of metaldehyde. However, these measures have environmental toxicity and impact the soil. In this way, natural products have been tested on this mollusk to discover and develop a substance to combat this urban and agricultural pest. This article aims to evaluate studies involving natural products to control the population of Achatina fulica. Articles and works published in books were included in the present work. A total of 1,103 works were found during the search. Of these, 14 works met the objective of these review and were included in this article. The tests do not possess methodological standardization, do not have a maximum concentration to be considered active, or a maximum exposure time. A lack of standardization in the methodology of tests on A. fulica was observed. The performance of tests on other life stages of the mollusk, as well as tests that analyze other parameters, are essential. Only one article analyzed presented phytochemical analysis. No ecotoxicity tests were reported either. Some extracts showed promising results, highlighting the aqueous extract of Capsicum frutescens. More studies investigating the molluscicidal activity of natural products on A. fulica are needed. It is very relevant that the new studies present a phytochemical analysis of the tested extracts, as well as ecotoxicity studies.
Just-in-Time Teaching para o Ensino de Física e Ciências: uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura
Authors: Ribeiro Bruna Schons , Souza Leonardo Alencastro Vanin Dutra de , Lapa Isadora Horn , Pires Fernando Shinoske Tagawa de Lemos , Pastorio Dioni Paulo
Published: June 2022

Apresenta-se neste trabalho uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura acerca da metodologia ativa de ensino Just-in-Time Teaching empregada dentro das subáreas Ensino de Física e Educação em Ciências. Após seleção de 123 periódicos nacionais e internacionais, a busca inicial resultou em 41 artigos – filtrados posteriormente e reduzidos a 34. Estes trabalhos subdividem-se em: Trabalho Teórico (n = 8), Apresentação de Propostas (n = 1) e Proposta com Aplicação (n = 25). É predominante o desenvolvimento de estudos no Ensino Superior (n = 24), em comparação com os níveis Básico (n = 7) e Técnico (n = 3). As pesquisas permitem perceber que a metodologia Just-in-Time Teaching contribui de forma positiva para a aprendizagem dos estudantes, o planejamento do professor e a dinâmica de sala de aula.
Análogos eletrônicos de dispositivos ópticos em grafeno: da junção p-n à lente de Veselago
Authors: Araújo F.R.V. , Magalhães R.N.S. , de Sousa Jr. I.V. , Nascimento A.C.S. , Costa D.R. da
Published: June 2022

O grafeno consiste em átomos de carbono com hibridização sp2 arranjados em uma estrutura cristalina favo de mel e conectados por meio de ligações covalentes. Foi isolado pela primeira vez em 2004 por Geim e Novoselov e tem sido considerado um candidato promissor para futuras aplicações nanoeletrônicas. No limite de baixas energias, os portadores de carga no grafeno comportam-se como férmions de Dirac sem massa, de modo que propriedades eletrônicas e de transporte não usuais são observadas, criando uma ponte entre a física da matéria condensada e a eletrodinâmica quântica, além de abrir novas perspectivas para a eletrônica à base de carbono. Artigos que investigam tanto as propriedades físicas quanto propostas de aplicações do grafeno são facilmente encontrados em língua inglesa, o que não é observado em língua portuguesa. Nesse sentido, esse trabalho objetiva estudar de forma sistemática e didática a analogia entre óptica e transporte eletrônico em nanoestruturas de grafeno, em especial, a focalização de um feixe de elétrons por junções p-n e p-n-p de grafeno usando o modelo de ligação forte, com o intuito de explanar conceitos como refração negativa e lente de Veselago.
PESQUISA DE INFECÇÃO BRUCÉLICA EM BOVÍDEOS ABATIDOS PORTADORES DE BURSITE
Authors: Freitas J. de A. , Oliveira J.P. de
Published: June 2022

RESUMO A brucelose é uma grave doença bacteriana de bovídeos, uma séria zoonose em todo o mundo e uma doença animal endêmica no Brasil. No campo, o abortamento e outros problemas da reprodução são presuntivos da doença e o diagnóstico sorológico o definitivo; no abate, lesões de bolsas serosas denominadas bursites têm sido associadas com infecção brucélica. Com o objetivo de diagnosticar a brucelose em animais abatidos para consumo portadores de bursites observadas ao exame sanitário, foram examinados 52.035 bovídeos (46.030 bovinos e 6.005 búfalos) no período de julho/2001 a abril/2002. Exudatos de 52 casos de bursites foram submetidos ao diagnóstico sorológico, com emprego dos métodos de soroaglutinação com antígeno acidificado tamponado, prova lenta em tubo e prova do 2-mercaptoetanol e isolamento de espécies presuntivas. Os resultados demonstraram que a infecção brucélica estava presente entre os bovídeos abatidos portadores de bursite, comprovada no isolamento e identificação de cepas de Brucella spp. nas lesões. O teste exato de Fisher demonstrou que não houve relação entre sexo e espécie (Pr ≥ 0,4236, IC 95%, α = 0,05), idade e espécie (Pr ≥ 0,2608, IC 95%, α = 0,05) mas relação entre espécie e origem dos animais (Pr ≥ 0,003, IC 95%, α = 0,05). Lesão de bursite nos animais abatidos sugeriu infecção por Brucella spp.
OCORRÊNCIA DE AFLATOXINA M1 EM LEITE COMERCIALIZADO EM ALGUNS MUNICÍPIOS DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Gonçalez E. , Felicio J.D. , Pinto M.M. , Rossi M.H. , Nogueira J.H.C. , Manginelli S.
Published: June 2022

RESUMO A aflatoxina M1 (AFM1) tem sido detectada em leite de animais alimentados com ração contaminada por aflatoxina B1(AFB1). A ocorrência de aflatoxina M1 no leite de vacas lactantes é uma questão de saúde pública, pois o leite e seus derivados são consumidos por bebês, crianças e adultos em todo mundo. Essa toxina é classificada como possível carcinógeno para o homem (classe 2B). O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a qualidade do leite consumido em algumas regiões do Estado de São Paulo, quanto ao teor de aflatoxina M1. Foram analisadas 43 amostras de leite comercial, coletadas em 27 municípios do Estado de São Paulo. A determinação de AFM1 em leite foi realizada empregando-se coluna de imunoafinidade para a purificação e detecção por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência em fase reversa. AFM1 foi detectada em 17 (39,5%) das 43 amostras analisadas, sendo que 64,7% destas amostras apresentavam concentrações acima do limite máximo permitido pela legislação (0,5 µg/L).
ANÁLISE HISTOLÓGICA DA ENDOMETRIOSE EM RATAS DURANTE AS FASES DO CICLO ESTRAL
Authors: Conceição A.P.M. , Batista A.P.C. , Araújo A.C.C. de , Silva F.C.A. da , Wanderley-Teixeira V. , Teixeira A.A.C.
Published: June 2022

RESUMO A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar morfologicamente os sítios de implantes endometriais sobre a região externa da musculatura da parede abdominal anterior de ratas, durante o ciclo estral. Para tanto foram utilizadas 16 ratas albinas (Rattus norvegicus albinus), da linhagem Wistar com 90 dias de idade, obtidas do biotério do Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal da UFRPE, as quais foram submetidas à indução da endometriose. A análise histológica dos implantes foi realizada por meio da microscopia de luz, utilizando-se técnicas de colorações pela Hematoxilina-Eosina (H-E) e pelo Tricrômico de Mallory. O material coletado foi fixado em líquido de Boüin e processado para inclusão em “paraplast”. Os resultados mostraram que as fases de proestro, estro e diestro foram mais favoráveis para o desenvolvimento dos implantes endometriais em ratas, quando comparadas ao metaestro.
AVALIAÇÃO BIOLÓGICA E PRODUTIVA DO BICHO-DA-SEDA (BOMBYX MORI L.) ALIMENTADO COM FOLHAS DE AMOREIRA PULVERIZADAS COM EXTRATO DE MIRABILIS JALAPA
Authors: Porto A.J. , Okamoto F. , Ikuno A.A. , Ferreira VC.A. , Margatho L.F.F.
Published: June 2022

RESUMO O presente estudo foi realizado na Unidade de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Gália, Pólo Regional de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico dos Agronegócios do Centro Oeste, em 2004, com o objetivo de avaliar a biologia e produção do bicho-da-seda quando exposto ao extrato de Mirabilis jalapa (família: Nyctaginaceae). Esse trabalho foi baseado em estudos prévios, em condições de laboratório, que mostraram a ação do extrato aquoso de Mirabilis jalapa, na concentração de 10%, sobre o controle do vírus da poliedrose (NPVBm), conferindo 100% de proteção ao inseto. Em condições de criação comercial, o extrato foi empregado nas diferentes fases larvais do inseto. Tanto em condições de laboratório como em condições de criação comercial o extrato não causou alterações na biologia e produção do bicho-da-seda, quando comparado com grupos não tratados. Embora os insetos estivessem infectados com NPVBm, não foram observados sintomas de infecção, sugerindo que a população viral, apesar de presente, foi mantida em níveis reduzidos não afetando o desempenho produtivo. Não foi observada uma ação anticontaminante do extrato contra outros patógenos oportunistas, uma vez que foram boas as condições sanitárias de criação, ocorrendo poucas mortes, provavelmente relacionadas mais com fatores naturais do que com a ocorrência de doenças.
ATIVIDADE ANTIMICROBIANA DO MEL DA ABELHA NATIVA SEM FERRÃO NANNOTRIGONA TESTACEICORNIS (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE, MELIPONINI)
Authors: Gonçalves A.L. , Alves Filho A. , Menezes H.
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Diversas propriedades medicinais como antibacteriana, antifúngica, cicatrizante e antioxidante são popularmente relatadas ao mel. Poucos estudos têm sido realizados sobre atividade antimicrobiana (AA) do mel de abelhas sociais da subfamília Meliponinae. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a AA do mel de Nannotrigona testaceicornis, uma espécie de abelha indígena sem ferrão. Para a avaliação da AA do mel foi empregado o método da difusão em ágar, utilizando-se discos de 6 mm de diâmetro em presença de 10 diferentes microrganismos, obtidos de focos de infecções clínicas. Os testes indicaram resistência em: Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus ? -hemolítico; e indicaram sensibilidade em: Escherichia coli, Proteus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pyogenes, bem como Staphylococcus spp. coagulase. Vinte e três antibióticos comerciais distintos foram também avaliados no presente estudo. Os resultados obtidos até o momento apontam para um excelente potencial terapêutico deste produto apícola.
CONTROLE DA PINTA PRETA DO TOMATEIRO COM O USO DE ACIBENZOLAR-S-METIL ISOLADO, EM MISTURA COM FUNGICIDAS E EM PROGRAMAS DE APLICAÇÃO
Authors: Töfoli J.G. , Domingues R.J.
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Visando avaliar o desempenho de acibenzolar-S-metil (ASM) isolado, em mistura com fungicidas e em programas de aplicação no controle da pinta preta (Alternaria solani) do tomateiro (cv. Santa Clara), foi realizado um experimento em cultivo comercial em Bragança Paulista, SP, no período de dezembro/2003 a janeiro/2004. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso com 12 tratamentos e 4 repetições, sendo cada parcela composta por 24 plantas. Durante o experimento foram realizadas 5 pulverizações, a intervalos de 7 a 10 dias com pulverizador costal de pressão constante (4 bar) e volume de aplicação de 600 a 1.000L/ha. As características avaliadas foram: severidade da doença em folíolos e caule; redução de área foliar destruída pela doença, incidência de frutos sadios, doentes e danificados pelo sol, massa fresca de frutos sadios e produção comercial de frutos. ASM apresentou efeitos positivos no controle da pinta preta, todavia não promoveu aumento da produção. ASM em mistura com os fungicidas mancozeb, azoxystrobin e difenoconazole não proporcionou aumento do controle da doença, produção e qualidade de frutos em relação ao uso isolado destes fungicidas. Redução da severidade da doença em folíolos de tomate e aumento da produção foi observada apenas nos programas de aplicação, onde o uso de ASM+mancozeb foi alternado com difenoconazole e azoxystrobin.
AVALIAÇÃO ACARICIDA DE PRODUTOS NATURAIS PARA O CONTROLE DE ÁCARO VERMELHO DO CAFEEIRO OLIGONYCHUS ILICIS (MCGREGOR) (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE)
Authors: Potenza M.R. , Takematsu A.P. , Jocys T. , Felicio J.D.F. , Rossi M.H. , Sakita M. Nakaoka
Published: June 2022

RESUMO O ácaro Oligonychus ilicis apresenta ampla distribuição no Estado de São Paulo, com maiores incidências nos períodos mais secos do ano. Estes ácaros possuem o hábito de estarem presentes na página superior das folhas do cafeeiro. Foram avaliados no controle deste ácaro, extratos aquosos, etanólicos e hexânicos de Lavandula angustifolia Mill., Dahlia pinnata Cav., Solanum paniculatum L., Agave angustifolia Haw, Ocimum basilicum L., Solanum melongena L., Rhododendron simsii Planch., Ficus elastica Roxb, Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Bl., Spondias purpurea L., Sonchus oleraceus L., Ruta graveolens L., Annona squamosa L., Pennisetum purpureum Schumach., Dieffenbachia brasiliensis (Veiech) e Allamanda cathartica L. Discos foliares de café var. Mundo Novo foram mergulhados na solução de extrato por 5seg e as fêmeas adultas em número de 20 por parcela confinadas na superfície do disco e mantidas em câmara incubadora a 25 ± 2º C e 70 ± 10% UR. Avaliação de mortalidade foi realizada com 48h. Os melhores resultados em eficiência foram obtidos com os extratos etanólico e hexânico de Dieffenbachia brasiliensis (56 e 52%), D. pinnata (54%), Allamanda cathartica (44%) e S. paniculatum (46 e 48%).
DIVERSIDADE DE FAMÍLIAS DE PARASITÓIDES (HYMENOPTERA: INSECTA) COLETADOS COM ARMADILHAS MALAISE EM FLORESTA NATIVA EM LUZ, ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS, BRASIL
Authors: Amaral D.P. do , Fonseca A.R. , Silva C.G. , Silva F,M. , Alvarenga Júnior A.
Published: June 2022

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi de conhecer as famílias de himenópteros parasitóides (Insecta: Hymenoptera), coletados com armadilhas do tipo Malaise em floresta nativa em Luz, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil (19º45’03" e 19º49’03"S, 45º41’25" e 45º49’25"W). Durante o período de setembro de 2003 a março de 2004, foram coletados 1.131 espécimes, distribuídos em 21 famílias. Ichneumonidae e Encyrtidae foram as mais comuns, com 42,00% e 25,29% espécimes coletados, respectivamente.
Mortality trend and analysis of potential years of life lost due to leukemia and lymphoma in Brazil and Mato Grosso
Authors: Soares Mariana Rosa , Melanda Francine Nesello , Lima Neto Geraldo Soares de , Takagi Vitória Mayumi , Anjos Asaph Adler Souza dos , Cunha Liana Andreza Dias da , Silva Guilherme Pinheiro da , Santos Beatriz Coelho dos , Souza Paulo César Fernandes de , Corrêa Marcia Leopoldina Montanari
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT: Objective: To estimate the mortality trend and to analyze the potential years of life lost (PYLL) due to leukemias and lymphomas in Brazil and Mato Grosso, from 2001 to 2019. Methods: Time-series study on deaths from leukemias and lymphomas with data obtained from the Mortality Information System. Trends were calculated by age group by the Joinpoint regression method, using calendar year as regressor variable, estimated annual percentage change (APC) and mean annual percentage change, considering 95% confidence intervals. PYLL rates were collected from the Cancer Mortality Atlas. Results: In Brazil, the mortality rate trend remained stable for both diseases in the period: leukemias (APC=0.2; 95%CI 0.0–0.3) and lymphomas (APC=0.2; 95%CI 0.4–0.1). In Mato Grosso state, the rate for leukemias was also stable (APC=0.3; 95%CI 1.0–1.6). For lymphomas, the trend was ascendant (APC=2.3; 95%CI 0.5–4.2), but descending among people younger than 59 years. For leukemias, PYLL rates were 64 and 65/100,000 in Brazil and Mato Grosso, respectively. For lymphomas, 27 and 22/100,000, respectively, with the highest rates found among males. Conclusion: The behavior of mortality rates from leukemia and lymphoma in Mato Grosso was different from that observed nationally, with an upward trend for lymphomas and no differences between age groups for both diseases. PYLL rates for leukemias were similar, while for lymphomas they were higher among men and lower in Mato Grosso when compared to Brazil.
Trends in the incidence of colorectal cancer in Greater Cuiabá, Mato Grosso (Brazil), from 2000 to 2016
Authors: Caló Romero dos Santos , Souza Rita Adriana Gomes de , Alves Mario Ribeiro , Lima Fernanda Cristina da Silva de , Galvão Noemi Dreyer , Souza Bárbara da Silva Nalin de , Aguilar Luisa Bertoldi
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT: Objective: To analyze the temporal incidence trend of colorectal cancer (CRC), according to sex and age, in the Greater Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil, from 2000 to 2016. Methods: Ecological time series study, with cases of CRC (C18 to C21) diagnosed from 2000 to 2016, of residents of the Greater Cuiabá (Cuiabá and Várzea Grande), in Mato Grosso. The information on the cases was obtained from the Population-Based Cancer Registry and population data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The rates were adjusted by world population. The age groups considered ranged from 30 to 39 years, 40 to 49 years, 50 to 59 years, 60 to 69 years, 70 to 79 years and 80 years and older. Joinpoint regression was used to analyze the trend of incidence. Results: A total of 1,715 cases of CRC were registered with information on sex and age, with an adjusted rate of 16.4 new cases/100,000 men and 16.1 new cases/100,000 women. Men presented trend of increasing incidence rates in the age group of 70 to 79 years, with increase of 4.0% per year, while women presented trend of increase in the age group 50 to 59 years, with increase of 2.7% per year. Conclusion: Older men showed a more significant trend towards an increase in the incidence of CRC, but in women this occurred in a younger age group, highlighting the importance of considering age related information in the analyzes of occurrence of the disease in this population.
Stomach cancer incidence and mortality in Greater Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil, 2000-2016
Authors: Silva Patrick Francisco de Oliveira , Souza Bárbara da Silva Nalin de , Melanda Francine Nesello , Soares Elizana de Fátima Garcia , Bringhenti Mariana Verardi , Lima Fernanda Cristina da Silva de , Andrade Amanda Cristina de Souza
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT: Objective: To analyze the incidence and mortality trend of stomach cancer in the Greater Cuiabá, in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, from 2000 to 2016. Methods: The incidence information was obtained from the Population-Based Cancer Registry, and the mortality information from the Mortality Information System. Crude and standardized rates were calculated using the direct method, with the world population as reference. The trends were estimated using the Joinpoint regression method, according to sex and age group, and evaluated through the Annual Percent Change (APC) and the Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC). The Joinpoint Regression Program software, version 4.9.0.0, was used. Results: There was a decreasing incidence trend of stomach cancer in males (AAPC=-5.2; 95% confidence interval — 95%CI −7.7–-2.6), in men aged 60 to 69 years (AAPC=-3.7; 95%CI −5.6–-1.8) and in 70-79 years (AAPC=-3.7; 95%CI −5.6–-1.8), as well as in women aged 50 to 59 years (AAPC=-5.2; 95%CI −7.8–-2.6) and 80 years or older (AAPC=-5.2; 95%IC −7.8–-2.6). The mortality initially increased in women aged 60-69 years (AAPC=28.4; 95%CI 9.7–50.4), decreased for 80 years or older (AAPC=-26.4; 95%CI −38.0–-12.6) and stable for the other age groups and males. Conclusion: A decreasing incidence trend of stomach cancer was found among men and, when analyzed by age, among elderly males and adults and elderly females, as well as a stability in the mortality, with an initial variation in elderly women. The production of regional information supports the planning of local policies aimed at reducing the burden of disease and deaths, considering unequal risk conditions and access to health services.
Propósito de vida e desempenho de atividades avançadas de vida diária em idosos mais velhos
Authors: Ribeiro Cristina Cristovão , Borim Flávia Silva Arbex , Batistoni Samila Samila Sathler Tavares , Cachioni Meire , Neri Anita Liberalesso , Yassuda Mônica Sanches
Published: June 2022

Resumo Objetivo Verificar a associação entre propósito de vida (PV) e a realização de atividades avançadas e instrumentais de vida diária (AAVD e AIVD) em idosos. Método Estudo de corte transversal com participantes da avaliação de seguimento do estudo FIBRA (Fragilidade em Idosos Brasileiros) nas cidades de Campinas e Ermelino Matarazzo (SP), Brasil, nos anos de 2016 e 2017. Participaram 187 idosos com 80 anos e mais recrutados em domicílios familiares. O protocolo incluiu a aplicação de um teste de rastreio de deficit cognitivo sugestivo de demência, escala para avaliação das AAVD, a Escala de Lawton e Brody avaliando AIVD, a Escala de Depressão Geriátrica e a Escala de Propósito de Vida de Ryff e Keyes (1995). Resultados Os participantes tinham em média 83,81 (±3,60) anos, 4,38 (±3,76) anos de escolaridade e tinham renda mensal média de 3,49 salários mínimos (±2,61) e 125 (66,8%) eram mulheres. Análises de regressão hierárquica mostraram associações estatisticamente significativas entre PV, sintomas depressivos e pontuação mais alta em AAVD (p=0,003) e sem associação significativa com AIVD (0,580), em modelo ajustado para variáveis sociodemográficas, avaliação subjetiva de saúde, desempenho cognitivo e depressão. Conclusões Os idosos com maior escore de PV e menor número de sintomas depressivos foram mais propensos a realizar AAVD, mas não AIVD, que se associaram à idade, sexo, sintomas depressivos e desempenho cognitivo. PV pode colaborar para a manutenção do estado funcional no idoso, contribuindo para um envelhecimento saudável.
O estupro em debate: acontecimento e violência sexual contra uma adolescente
Authors: Silva Terezinha , Dornelas Raquel
Published: June 2022

Resumo Este trabalho busca lançar luz sobre leituras sociais a respeito da violência sexual contra mulheres, tendo como base para análise o estupro coletivo de uma adolescente na periferia do Rio de Janeiro, em 2016. Elencando como solo empírico matérias e comentários de leitores do portal G1, o objetivo é perceber se predominou uma tônica consensual ou dissensual na apropriação do fato. O aporte teórico aciona as noções de acontecimento e enquadramento, representação, problema público, valores e normas. O método articulou uma quantificação dos enunciados e dimensões qualitativas extraídas do eixo conceitual. A análise apresenta a existência de disputas de sentido sobre o acontecimento, principalmente entre leitores das notícias. Mostra ainda a tendência a representações da vítima e dos suspeitos baseadas no comportamento feminino — tomado como marco-zero dos sentidos atribuídos ao ocorrido. Já as soluções propostas enfatizam mais a punição e respostas paliativas para um problema estrutural.
Assessment of Course Outcomes Attainment using Confidence Limits
Authors: Gundalia Manoj
Published: June 2022

Course Outcomes (CO) assessment is one of the most important components of Outcome Based Education (OBE) to describe the specific type and level of learning students. The programs must have an effective end results in every course and their systematic assessment with proper documentation and should evaluate continuously to establish certain standards leading to program accreditation. In the calculation of CO attainment, the mean values are usually considered as a target values but it may create ambiguity in decision making. The target value in conventional method is unbounded on the upper and lower ends, which undermines interpretations of student's category associated with their performance. In this paper an attempt has been made with a new approach for calculation of CO attainments based on Lower Confidence Limit (LCL) and Upper Confidence Limit (UCL) and compared against conventional method. This comparison has shown that the proposed method showed a nontrivial improvement over existing conventional method and found more flexible, relatively well behaved, and applicable to a wide range of students' categories. Further, proposed method has the advantage of being useful in framing appropriate syllabi of courses and in making effective strategy to improve students' performance. Keywords: Outcome Based Education, Lower Confidence Limit, Upper Confidence Limit, Attainment of Course Outcome
The Evaluations Of Taxonomic Classifications In The Genus Trifolium L. Based On ITS Sequences
Authors: YILMAZ Aykut , YELTEKİN Yudum
Published: June 2022

The genus Trifolium L. belonging to family Fabaceae is represented by about 255 species in the world. Two classifications based on the sections or subgenus are commonly used by the researchers in the taxonomically evaluation of the genus Trifolium. However, there are still some confusing and complex situations about the taxonomy of the genus. For this reason, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions between rDNA genes in nrDNA were examined for 139 Trifolium taxa with the Maximum Parsimony (MP) method. Furthermore MP tree were evaluated based on two classification used commonly in the genus to provide contributions to taxonomic classification of the Trifolium species and to evaluate phylogenetic relationships of the Trifolium species. Study results support the status of subgenus proposed by new infrageneric classification. Also it can be stated that it is rationale to divide the section Lotoidea into several sections according to phylogenetic relationships of the taxa examined. Finally, this study reveals the importance of sequence information and problems in the barcoding.
When the Modern Was the Tradition: Carlo Mollino at Sestriere and His Last Unpublished project (1973)
Authors: Viale Giulia
Published: June 2022

The Alps have often been considered a laboratory for architectural modernity. Buildings there were a litmus test to reveal the attitudes of 20th-century architects towards design. When Carlo Mollino designed a project for a Club Med hotel in Sestriere in 1973, which was neither built nor published, he was at the end not only of his career but also of an important era for architecture that had begun just after World War II and ended in the economic crisis of the early 1970s. During this time, a debate on modern architecture acquired a new and increasingly important focus on context; Alpine architecture was at the forefront. The Club Med design was the culmination of Mollino's series of reflections on modernism. In the 1950s, he conceived of buildings for a sophisticated public, and his final project was a megastructure for mass tourism. The ski-resort town of Sestriere, founded by the Agnelli family in the early 1930s, was created for the consumption of nature by the masses, just as the Agnelli family produced Fiat cars for mass consumption. It was the first resort town where rationalism, speed, mass consumption, and the dominion of man over nature were the focus of urban and architectural design. Mollino's Club Med design was for a hotel that would be a machine for tourist consumption in the mountains. The project was one of the last examples of a way of consuming the Alps that vanished in subsequent years.   
Sweet potato varieties to diversify cultivars in Bhutan
Authors: Wangmo Duptho , Dorji Ugyen , Dema Tshering , Dorji Tashi
Published: June 2022

Sweet potato (Ipomea batatas (L.) Lam) is an important root crop grown in the world. It provides carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, fibre and essential minerals. With limited varieties available, and the crop being undocumented thus far, sweet potato production in Bhutan is insignificant and has not gained scope in agricultural food systems. For nutrient and crop diversification, three improved varieties from Japan, and a local variety as a check were evaluated under three different agro-ecological zones to ascertain their performance in terms of yield and other yield attributes. The experiment was laid out using Randomized Complete Block Design with four treatments each with three replications. There was no significant difference in yields between the varieties. Nonetheless, it was observed that orange flesh variety (Bajo kewa ngam II) outyielded (13.8t/ac) all other experimented varieties across all experimental sites. The variety orange flesh (Bajo kewa ngam II) followed by Beni Azumi (Bajo kewa ngam I) and Gorojima were the most preferred variety based on their yield potential, pests and diseases tolerance, organoleptic test (taste, texture and colour) and yield attributes. All the three varieties showed good yield stability.
Political Economy of Resource Economics: Unlocking the Policy Debate on Accelerated Hydropower Future in Bhutan
Authors: Tobden Jamba
Published: June 2022

Bhutan is endowed with abundant hydropower potential and harnessing it has assumed national strategic importance as it is the backbone of Bhutan’s economy. Given the importance of hydropower, the Sustainable Hydropower Development Policy was adopted in 2008 to accelerate hydropower development and achieve economic self reliance. However, the acceleration generated a lot of controversy undermining the confidence of the Bhutanese people from all fronts, such as anticipated lower returns to investment, unstable future markets, threats from climate change, cost overrun, and delayed completion of projects. These are the emerging policy discourses among the Bhutanese bureaucrats, politicians, policy analysts, researchers, and independent thinkers concerning the hydropower future. However, a lot of what is discussed and published often comes in the form of general commentaries, media interviews, conference presentations, and official policy documents. A limited number of research papers either publish or unpublished comes from the graduate students’ thesis which are based on data and documents available in the public domain. Correspondingly, this paper engages in implementing this significant agenda with scientific enquiry on Bhutan’s investment in hydropower projects and its sustainability. Employing transdisciplinary research methodology, this paper debates why Bhutan needs to continue investing in accelerated hydropower development.
Preliminary inventory of native natural enemies of the new pest; Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda)
Authors: Ugyen Dorji  , Khando Dorji , Kinley Chimi , Jamtsho Thinley
Published: June 2022

Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda), which began to spread in Bhutan in recent years, is a highly destructive pest of maize that is native to the Americas. Due to the limited information available for developing sustainable management options for the new pest, current management practices are largely chemical-dependent. For use as a biological control option, we present a preliminary list of native natural enemies associated with Fall Armyworm that is collected from infested maize fields in west-central Bhutan. Visual observation, sweep net collection, and rearing of different Fall Armyworm stages were used for detection of the natural enemies. We identified 48 natural enemy species associ- ated with the Fall Armyworm infested maize fields. Parasitism was noted for Chelonus formosanus, Trichogramma sp., Winthemia trinitatis, Linnaemya sp. and Campoletis sonorensis while predation was observed by Polistes olivaceus, Stenodynerus smilibaronii, Tetraponera allaborans, Crematogaster rogennhoferi and Dolichoderus thoracicus on the Fall Armyworm.
Ecological Conditions of Luetshokha Lake and its Recharge Potential using Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting, Samtengang, Wangdue Bhutan
Authors: Tshering Pem  , Gurung Dhan Bdr , Kelzang Dawa  , Subedi Rupesh
Published: June 2022

Luetshokha lake is noted to harbour invasive aquatic plants and experience reduction in water level. This research assessed the floristic and macroinvertebrate composition of Luetshokha lake in Samtengang, Wangdue and its potential to increase water level using rooftop rainwater harvesting (RWH). Presence of aquatic plants such as Brasenia schreberi, Schnoeplectus pungens and Potamogeton distinctus indicate organic pollution of water in the lake. Coenagrionidae and Baetidae families were the most dominant macroinvertebrate communities present in the lake. There was a positive relationship between aquatic plants and macroinvertebrate diversity indices (rs = 0.20, p = 0.25), richness (rs = 0.24, p = 0.16) and evenness (rs = 0.29, p = 0.04). The relationships between aquatic plants and physico-chemical variables were negative; pH (rs = -0.02, p = 0.90), conductivity (rs = -0.45, p = 0.00), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) (rs = -0.43, p = 0.01) and salinity (rs = -0.34, p = 0.56). However, temperature was positively correlated (rs = 0.25, p = 0.14) with aquatic plants. Similarly, macroinvertebrate diversity was negatively correlated with pH (rs = -0.31, p = 0.07), temperature (rs = -0.11, p = 0.54), conductivity (rs = -0.24, p = 0.17), TDS (rs = -0.24, p = 0.16) and salinity (rs = -0.27, p = 0.12). Family Biotic Index (FBI) indicated good physical condition of lake water with some organic pollution. The lake water level was estimated to rise by 0.05 m through a potential RWH of 1,784.37 m3 from the roof catchment area of 2,221.01 m2.
YENİ NESİL SAVAŞ: RUSYA’NIN DONBAS’TA UYGULADIĞI HİBRİT SAVAŞ YÖNTEMİ
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Şennur , EMİNOĞLU Ayça
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışma, Rusya’nın Donbas Bölgesi’nde uyguladığı hibrit savaş yöntemini açıklamaya çalışmaktadır. Bu bağlamda hibrit savaş yöntemine ve Donbas Krizi’nin doğuşu ile gelişimine dikkat çekilmektedir. Hibrit savaş yöntemi yeni bir olgu olmasına rağmen son yıllarda devletler tarafından daha sık kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu yeni perspektif üzerinden çalışmada, Rusya’nın Donbas Krizi’ne dair yaklaşım ve politikaları üzerinde durulmaktadır. Çalışma krizin başlangıcından 2021 yılı sonuna kadar cereyan eden gelişmeleri ele almaktadır. Çalışmada görülmüştür ki, Rusya hibrit savaş yöntemini farklı araçlar aracılığıyla Ukrayna topraklarında önce Kırım’da, sonrasında Donbas’ta kullanmıştır. Aslında Kırım’ın ilhakı ile amacına ulaşan Rusya, Donbas konusunda ise henüz tam anlamıyla istediğini alamamıştır. Bu durum böyle devam ettiği takdirde Rusya ile Ukrayna arasında konvansiyonel bir savaş kaçınılmaz olarak karşımızda durmaktadır.
KÜLTÜR TURLARINDA GASTRONOMİK ÜRÜNLERİN TERCİH EDİLMESİNDE TURİST REHBERLERİNİN ÖNEMİ
Authors: DÜZGÜN Ertuğrul
Published: June 2022

Turist rehberlerinin kültür turlarında gastronomik ürünlerin tercih edilmesindeki önemini belirlemek amacıyla yapılan çalışmayla hem turist rehberlerinin hem de turistlerin yeme-içme yerlerini tercih ederken hangi konulara dikkat ettikleri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada ayrıca yerel restoran işletmelerinin turist rehberlerinden beklentileri ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında nitel araştırma yönteminden faydalanılmıştır. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formlarıyla toplanan araştırma verileri turist rehberleri ile yapılan görüşmelerden elde edilmiştir. Gastronomi konusunda bilgi sahibi olan ve kartopu örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilen 24 eylemli turist rehberi araştırmaya katılmıştır. Betimsel analiz uygulanarak belirli temalar belirlenmiş ve doğrudan alıntılar eklenerek yorumlamalar yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda turist rehberlerinin yeme-içme yeri tercihi yaparken en çok temizlik ve hijyene, turistlerin ise fiyata önem verdiği belirlenmiştir. Diğer yandan araştırmada ulaşılan sonuçlara göre; yerel yiyecek ve içecek işletmeleri, turist rehberlerinin turistleri daha fazla harcama yapmaya yönelik olarak teşvik etmelerini beklemektedir. Araştırma sonunda uygulayıcılara ve gelecek çalışmalara yönelik çeşitli öneriler getirilmiştir.
Eğitim Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Teknoloji Entegrasyonu Öz-Yeterlik Algıları ile Dijital Yeterlik Seviyeleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KAYA Ramazan , UYANGÖR Nihat
Published: June 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinin teknoloji öz-yeterlik algıları ile dijital yeterlik seviyeleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Araştırma eğitim fakültesinde öğrenim gören 681 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma verileri Teknoloji Entegrasyonu Öz-Yeterlik Algısı Ölçeği ve Dijital Akıcılık Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistikler, bağımsız örneklem t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi, korelasyon analizi ve regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda ulaşılan bulgulara göre eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinin teknoloji entegrasyonu öz-yeterlik algıları yüksek, dijital yeterlik seviyeleri ise orta düzeydedir. Eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinin öz-yeterlik algıları, dijital yeterlik seviyelerini yordayan bir faktördür. Teknoloji entegrasyonu öz-yeterlik algıları ile dijital yeterlik düzeyleri arasında anlamlı ve yüksek düzeyde ilişkili olduğu sonucu elde edilmiştir. Eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinin teknoloji entegrasyonuna yönelik öz-yeterlik algıları, dijital yeterlik seviyelerini anlamlı şekilde yordamaktadır. Eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinin teknoloji entegrasyonu öz-yeterliklerinin arttırılması, dijital yeterliklerinin gelişmesine katkı sağlayacak bir unsur olduğu söylenebilir.
Ortaokul Ders Kitaplarında Hacı Bektaşi Veli ile İlgili Metinlerin Değerler Eğitimi Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: ER TÜRKÜRESİN Hafize
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı ortaokul ders kitaplarında Hacı Bektaşi Veli ile ilgili olan metinleri değerler eğitimi açısından incelemektir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan doküman incelemesi yöntemi kullanılmış ve veriler betimsel analizi tekniğiyle çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmada, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Devlet Yayınevi tarafından yayınlanan 11 ortaokul ders kitabı incelenmiş ve bunlardan 4’ünde Hacı Bektaşi Veli ve Alevîlik- Bektaşilik konularına yer verildiği görülmüştür. Hacı Bektaşi Veli ve Alevîlik- Bektaşilik konularına en çok Din Kültürü ve Ahlak Bilgisi ders kitaplarında yer verilirken, Sosyal Bilgiler ve Türkçe ders kitaplarında ise kısaca değinilmiştir. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde 2018 öğretim programlarında yer verilen kök değerlerden (adalet, sabır, saygı sevgi, sorumluluk, dostluk, dürüstlük, öz denetim, yardımseverlik ve vatanseverlik) hareketle geliştirilen bir değer inceleme formu kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi sonucunda ulaşılan değerler “Kök Değerler” ve “Diğer Değerler” olmak üzere iki temaya ayrılmıştır. “Kök Değerler” teması altında bulunan değerler: Dostluk/Kardeşlik, Yardımseverlik, Sevgi, Dürüstlük/Doğruluk ve Vatanseverliktir. “Diğer Değerler” teması altında bulunan değerler ise: Dayanışma, Hoşgörü, Farklılıklara Saygı ve Misafirperverlik şeklindedir.
Automatic counting of fish larvae using computer vision based on neural networks
Authors: Guélac Gómez Jhordani , Sánchez Calle Jeison Elí , Valles Coral Miguel Ángel , Nakagawa Valverde Nixon , Chichipe Puscan Ariel Kedy
Published: June 2022

Fish larvae counting is a technique applied in aquaculture to determine the efficiency of the induction stage and to know the number of fertilized larvae. For this reason, the research aims to improve the count of larvae under 3 fundamental pillars: precision, error and time. For this, we carried out an experimental investigation under a completely randomized design with two counting systems: traditional and artificial vision; each one with 10 repetitions, with 2000 larvae; Later, we carried out the count by means of artificial vision using a camera that captured images of a fish tank with moving fish. The results show that the proposed method is feasible for counting larvae, with 92.65% accuracy, 7.41% error and an average time of 61 seconds per repetition in relation to the traditional counting system: accuracy 64.44%, error 35.61% and time 2009.3 s. The developed system can be replicated in the aquaculture sector due to its effectiveness and cost.