bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Monitoring Method of Enterprise Human Resource Efficiency under the Smart City Management Mode
Authors: Ma Dongjun
Published: December 2021

In order to improve the monitoring effect of corporate human resource efficiency under the smart city management model, this paper establishes an evaluation model for the human resource management model between different growth stages of the organization, different organizations in different industries, and different organizations in the same industry. The proposed human resource management model is based on the deduction result of human resource planning and design, work system design and employee system design, and the dynamic matching of the three. Moreover, this paper uses the three-factor vector evaluation model to modify the management efficiency of the human resource model and designs the corresponding intelligent enterprise human resource efficiency monitoring model. In addition, this paper analyzes the system functions and designs experiments to test the model in this paper. Through experimental testing, it can be seen that the enterprise human resource efficiency monitoring system under the smart city management mode proposed in this paper has good practical results.
Peptides Isolated from Yak Milk Residue Exert Antioxidant Effects through Nrf2 Signal Pathway
Authors: Yang Feiyan , He Xudong , Chen Tao , Liu Jinliang , Luo Zhang , Sun Shuguo , Qin Dandan , Huang Wenyang , Tang Yiping , Liu Chunai , Luo Feijun
Published: December 2021

Food‐derived bioactive peptides are considered as the important sources of natural bioactive ingredients. Approximately 3094 peptides were identified by nESI‐LC–MS/MS in the hydrolyzed yak milk residue. Peptide KALNEINQF (T10) is the strongest antioxidant peptide. The damage model of H2O2‐induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was used to evaluate the antioxidant effect. After treatment with 25, 50, or 100 μg/mL T10 peptide, T10 obviously decreased H2O2‐induced damage and increased the cell survival. Comparing with the H2O2‐induced damage group, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were significantly increased 1.03, 1.1, and 1.33 times, and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were significantly increased 1.11, 1.30, and 1.43 times, respectively. Malondialdehyde (MDA) also reduced 1.41, 1.54, and 1.72 times, respectively. T10 inhibited H2O2‐induced apoptosis in HUVECs, and protein expressions of the apoptosis‐related genes bcl‐2 and bax were increased and decreased by 1.95 and 1.44 times, respectively, suggesting T10 decreases apoptosis of the mitochondria‐dependent pathway. Comparing with the H2O2‐induced damage group, the RNA expressions of Nrf2, HO‐1, and NQO1 were significantly increased by 2.00, 2.11, and 1.94 times; the protein expressions of p‐Nrf2, HO‐1, and NQO1 were significantly increased by 2.67, 1.73, and 1.04 times; and Keap1 was downregulated by 3.9 and 1.32 times, respectively. T10 also regulated the Nrf2 pathway and expressions of related genes (Keap1, HO‐1, and NQO1), and blocking the Nrf2 pathway in the model decreased the protective effect of T10. Taken together, T10 peptide isolated from yak milk residue has a protective effect against H2O2‐induced damage in HUVECs and the molecular mechanisms are involved in the regulation of Nrf2 signaling pathway and cell apoptosis.
Bortezomib Rescues Ovariectomy‐Induced Bone Loss via SMURF‐Mediated Ubiquitination Pathway
Authors: Fang Yuepeng , Liu Yang , Zhao Zhijian , Lu Yingjie , Shen Xu , Zhu Tianfeng , Hou Mingzhuang , He Fan , Yang Huilin , Zhang Yijian , Shi Qin , Zhu Xuesong
Published: December 2021

A balance between bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts is necessary to maintain bone health and homeostasis. As a cancer of plasma cells, multiple myeloma (MM) is accompanied with rapid bone loss and fragility fracture. Bortezomib has been used as a first‐line for treating MM for decades. Recently, the potential protection of bortezomib on osteoporosis (OP) is reported; however, the specific mechanism involving bortezomib‐mediated antiosteoporotic effect is undetermined. In the present study, we assessed the effects of in vitro bortezomib treatment on osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis and the protective effect on bone loss in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. Our results indicated that bortezomib treatment increased osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3‐E1 cells as evidenced by increased levels of matrix mineralization and osteoblast‐specific markers. In bortezomib‐treated bone marrow monocytes (BMMs), osteoclast differentiation was suppressed, substantiated by downregulated tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase‐ (TRAP‐) positive multinucleated cells, areas of actin rings, pit formation, and osteoclast‐specific genes. Mechanistically, bortezomib exerted a protective effect against OP through the Smad ubiquitination regulatory factor‐ (SMURF‐) mediated ubiquitination pathway. Furthermore, in vivo intraperitoneal injection of bortezomib attenuated the bone microarchitecture in OVX mice. Accordingly, our findings corroborated that bortezomib might have future applications in the treatment of postmenopausal OP.
Risk Area Identification Model of Bus Bay Stops Based on Distribution of Conflicts
Authors: Qi Weiwei , Ruan Lianjie , Zhi Yue , Shen Bin
Published: December 2021

Effective identification of the risk area of the bus bay stop is a prerequisite for the enhancement of traffic safety. This study proposes a method of identifying the risk area based on the distribution of traffic conflicts. Firstly, the traffic flow data of the bus stop is collected by drones and video recognition software, and the traffic flow characteristics of the bus stop are analyzed by the mathematical and statistical methods. Secondly, using the gray clustering evaluation theory, on the basis of the rasterization of the functional area of the bus bay stop, a risk level model based on the index system of conflict rate, conflict severity, and potential conflict risk is proposed. Finally, take a bus stop in Guangzhou as an example to verify the solution. The results show that the constructed model can effectively identify the risk areas of bus bay stops. The risk areas of the bus bay stops are concentrated in the middle and lower reaches of the bus stop, which proves that the impact of bus exiting the stop on the surrounding traffic is greater than the process of bus entering the stop; the traffic risk areas of lanes near the bus stop are concentrated, and the severity of conflicts is low. The traffic risk zone of the lane far away from the bus stop is widely distributed, and the severity of conflict is higher. The research results can provide a basis for the micro safety performance evaluation and safety optimization of bus bay stops, which has strong theoretical and practical significance.
[Retracted] Internet False News Information Feature Extraction and Screening Based on 5G Internet of Things Combined with Passive RFID
Authors: Hu Dahai , Xia Qiong
Published: December 2021

In this paper, the authenticity of news information on the 5G Internet of Things (IoT) is studied, and a network false news information screening platform is designed and optimized by IoT combined with passive RFID. The electronic license chain based on data sovereignty is established, in which, combined with the identity identification and strong correlation ability based on the electronic license chain, a cross‐industry, cross‐business, and cross‐field behavior record base database is formed; then, a digital library is constructed based on this base library; finally, through data sharing and management, a false news information feature extraction and screening platform is formed for the orderly management and reasonable dispatch of government resources and reducing various risks. The main functional modules implemented by the platform are the acquisition of news data and comment data, the retrieval and analysis of news data, the false detection of online news, and the visualization of false news data. However, there is still much public who are not aware or do not understand that news truth is this dynamic form. Therefore, this paper aims to inform the public that news truth in news context is a dynamic process by 5G Internet of Things combined with passive RFID. The public understands the circumstances where news truth may be dynamic truth to avoid being misled by false news.
Coaction of Wind and Rain Effects on Large‐Span Hyperbolic Roofs
Authors: Sun Fangjin , Xu Zhonghao , Zhang Daming , Wang Yanlu
Published: December 2021

Rainfall is often accompanied by strong winds. The large‐span roof structure has a low height, its surrounding turbulence is high, and the wind speed changes greatly. The effects of coaction of wind and rain on the roofs cannot be ignored. Wind‐driven rain (WDR) is an oblique movement phenomenon of raindrops generated by wind flow. Four types of hyperbolic roofs, that is, square, rectangular, circular, and elliptical, are selected as the objective to study the wind‐driven rain by CFD simulation. Effects of wind direction, wind speed, and rainfall intensity on the WDR are analyzed. Pressure distribution of four types of hyperbolic roofs under coaction of wind and rain is obtained. The results are compared with those from the wind action only. The roofs are partitioned to obtain the coaction of wind and rain pressure of the four large‐span hyperbolic roofs with different shapes under the most unfavorable working conditions. The results show that the average pressure coefficient of the roof surface increases with the increase of wind speed and rainfall intensity. The reference value of the average pressure coefficient of wind‐driven rain on the surface of the roof is given, which provides a reference basis for the design of wind‐driven rain on similar hyperbolic roofs.
Experimental Study of Dynamic Mechanics Characteristics of Saturated Marble under Low Temperature
Authors: Yang Yang , Wang Jianguo
Published: December 2021

The effect of low temperature on dynamic mechanical properties of low‐temperature frozen marble at a high strain rate was studied by a dynamic impact test. The influence of temperature changes (25°C–40°C), especially negative temperature changes, on dynamic strength, peak strain, and failure mode of the marble was analyzed. Combined with the fracture morphology, the reasons for the deterioration of dynamic mechanical strength of water‐saturated marble at lower negative temperatures were investigated. The experimental results show that the dynamic mechanical properties of marble are significantly affected by the change of freezing temperature. The dynamic strength firstly decreases and then increases with the decrease of temperature in the range of 25°C to −20°C, but the dynamic strength decreases sharply after −20°C. The peak strain increases first, then decreases, and then increases, and the inflection point temperature of the change is −5°C and −20°C, respectively, which is completely different from the static load test results of frozen rock at low temperature. According to fracture morphology analysis, water‐ice phase transformation at −5°C leads to the nucleation and expansion of a large number of microcracks and micropores in marble, and the interaction between slip separation cracks and microstructures caused by shear deformation under impact separates the massive crystals inside the rock into microscopic crystals, thus reducing the bearing capacity and strength of marble. From −5°C to −20°C, the ice medium and marble matrix contract when cooled, and the microcracks and micropores caused by the phase transition gradually close during the contraction process, the integrity of the rock is restored, and the dynamic strength of the rock is increased. At −20°C, there is a great difference in the shrinkage rate of the marble matrix and the ice medium, and the internal microstructure increases. Meanwhile, the impact amplifies the brittleness of the rock at low temperatures, leading to a sharp decrease in the dynamic strength of the marble.
Integración de la educación interprofesional: autodiagnóstico para programas de salud
Authors: Olivares Olivares Silvia , López Cruz Claudia
Published: December 2021

Introducción: la educación interprofesional se produce cuando dos o más profesionales se conocen y se relacionan entre sí para permitir una colaboración eficaz con la intención de mejorar los resultados de salud. Diferentes marcos de referencia de identidad profesional y competencias han establecido la importancia de este tipo de formación. Sin embargo, cada programa puede contar con diferentes niveles de implementación para integrarlo en el mismo. Método: el objetivo del presente trabajo fue desarrollar un instrumento de autodiagnóstico sobre Integración de la Educación Interprofesional en los programas de salud, considerando su formalización y despliegue. Se utilizó una validación de expertos para el diseño del instrumento y una prueba piloto con directivos de cinco programas de salud.  Resultados: el instrumento consta de 12 ítems para valorar si los alumnos cuentan con condiciones formativas interprofesionales: 1) Identifican, 2) Colaboran, 3) Toman decisiones y 4) Construyen soluciones. Para ello la institución educativa puede A. Definir, B. Comunicar, C. Formar, D. Evaluar o E. Mejorar las intervenciones formativas para garantizar una implementación adecuada de dichos propósitos. El modelo resultante es una guía taxonómica que permite identificar la formalización de la implementación cada una de las competencias en un programa de salud. Conclusiones: el instrumento propuesto cuenta con contenidos comprensibles y adecuados para cumplir con sus propósitos de autodiagnóstico en la formalización en la implementación de competencias interprofesionales. Sin embargo, más que un carácter estrictamente incremental, confiere una visión dinámica en la cual pueden implementarse escalas superiores sin haber cerrado un ciclo de mejora completo en las competencias previas.
Sarcopenia in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Pathogenesis and Management
Authors: Gallo Paolo , Silletta Marianna , De Vincentis Antonio , Lo Prinzi Federica , Terracciani Francesca , Di Fazio Giuseppina , Flagiello Valentina , Vespasiani Gentilucci Umberto , Antonelli Incalzi Raffaele , Picardi Antonio
Published: December 2021

Background: Sarcopenia is almost constantly observed in patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Summary: Chronic liver disease represents a unique pathophysiological scenario in which sarcopenia develops and all factors involved in the pathogenesis should be taken into account for an appropriate management of the disease. No properly designed intervention studies on this topic are available and, thus, no effective strategies have been developed for clinical practice. Apart from any targeted intervention, treatment, and optimization of liver disease is crucial. Key Messages: In patients with cirrhosis and HCC, nutritional support to maintain and restore nutrition status, a targeted use of branched-chain amino acids and a guided physical exercise, should all be an integral part of the multidimensional assessment and tailored interventions.
Effective Study: Development and Application of a Question‐Driven, Time‐Effective Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Scanning Protocol
Authors: Torlasco Camilla , Castelletti Silvia , Soranna Davide , Volpato Valentina , Figliozzi Stefano , Menacho Katia , Cernigliaro Franco , Zambon Antonella , Kellman Peter , Moon James C. , Badano Luigi P. , Parati Gianfranco
Published: December 2021

Background

Long scanning times impede cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) clinical uptake. A “one‐size‐fits‐all” shortened, focused protocol (eg, only function and late‐gadolinium enhancement) reduces scanning time and costs, but provides less information. We developed 2 question‐driven CMR and stress‐CMR protocols, including tailored advanced tissue characterization, and tested their effectiveness in reducing scanning time while retaining the diagnostic performances of standard protocols.

Methods and Results

Eighty three consecutive patients with cardiomyopathy or ischemic heart disease underwent the tailored CMR. Each scan consisted of standard cines, late‐gadolinium enhancement imaging, native T1‐mapping, and extracellular volume. Fat/edema modules, right ventricle cine, and in‐line quantitative perfusion mapping were performed as clinically required. Workflow was optimized to avoid gaps. Time target was <30 minutes for a CMR and <35 minutes for a stress‐CMR. CMR was considered impactful when its results drove changes in diagnosis or management. Advanced tissue characterization was considered impactful when it changed the confidence level in the diagnosis. The quality of the images was assessed. A control group of 137 patients was identified among scans performed before February 2020. Compared with standard protocols, the average scan duration dropped by >30% (CMR: from 42±8 to 28±6 minutes; stress‐CMR: from 50±10 to 34±6 minutes, both
P
<0.0001). Independent on the protocol, CMR was impactful in ≈60% cases, and advanced tissue characterization was impactful in >45% of cases. Quality grading was similar between the 2 protocols. Tailored protocols did not require additional staff.

Conclusions

Tailored CMR and stress‐CMR protocols including advanced tissue characterization are accurate and time‐effective for cardiomyopathies and ischemic heart disease.
Sodium‐Glucose Co‐Transporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitor Dapagliflozin Stabilizes Diabetes‐Induced Atherosclerotic Plaque Instability
Authors: Chen Yung‐Chih , Jandeleit‐Dahm Karin , Peter Karlheinz
Published: December 2021

Background

Diabetes is known to accelerate atherosclerosis and increase plaque instability. However, there has been a lack of suitable animal models to study the effect of diabetes on plaque instability. We hypothesized that the tandem stenosis mouse model, which reflects plaque instability/rupture as seen in patients, can be applied to study the effects of diabetes and respective therapeutics on plaque instability/rupture.

Methods and Results

ApoE
−/−
mice at 7 weeks of age were rendered diabetic with streptozotocin and 5 weeks later were surgically subjected to tandem stenosis in the right carotid artery and fed with a high‐fat diet for 7 weeks. As a promising new antidiabetic drug class, a sodium glucose co‐transporter 2 inhibitor was tested in this new model. Diabetic mice showed an increase in the size of unstable atherosclerotic plaques and in the plaque instability markers MCP‐1, CD68, and necrotic core size. Mice treated with dapagliflozin demonstrated attenuated glucose and triglyceride levels. Importantly, these mice demonstrated plaque stabilization with enhanced collagen accumulation, increased fibrosis, increased cap‐to‐lesion height ratios, and significant upregulation of the vasculoprotective NADPH oxidase 4 expression.

Conclusions

The tandem stenosis mouse model in combination with the application of streptozotocin represents a highly suitable and unique mouse model for studying plaque destabilization under diabetic conditions. Furthermore, for the first time, we provide evidence of plaque‐stabilizing effects of sodium‐glucose co‐transporter 2 inhibitor. Our data also suggest that this newly developed mouse model is an attractive preclinical tool for testing antidiabetic drugs for the highly sought‐after potential to stabilize atherosclerotic plaques.
Leaving Home, Claiming the Street: Exploring Women’s Challenges in Turkey’s ’68 Movement
Authors: Tuncer Selda , Taştan İnan Özdemir
Published: December 2021

Despite worldwide interest in the history of the sixties—particularly in 1968—gender as a category of analysis has received little attention in the majority of academic research about them. Most national historiographies of ’68 have disregarded women’s political actions and their struggles with the gendered political culture. Like its counterparts, Turkey’s ’68 experience was also strongly gendered male. Given the underrepresentation of female historical agency and political subjectivity in the scholarship on 1968, this article aims to explore women’s accounts of Turkey’s ’68 experience with a particular focus on their struggles in leaving home and getting involved in political life.
“Turkey Will Be a Second France, Unless Our Demands Are Satisfied”: The Turkish Student Movement in the Long 1960s
Authors: Christofis Nikos
Published: December 2021

The transnational phenomenon that was “1968” was felt keenly around the globe with direct and virtually immediate impact. Turkey stands as a clear example, wherein the development and dynamism of the “Western” student movement had an immediate impact and shaped developments unfolding in Turkey at the time. As elsewhere in the world, “1968” did not hit Turkey out of thin air. The “1968 generation,” and the student movement in general, was mainly Kemalist, one of the significant characteristics that differentiated it from others. It first emerged as a student movement focused on reform within the university system, but toward the end of the 1960s, it evolved into a revolutionary movement, eventually deploying revolutionary violence from 1971–72.
Anti-Imperialism and Kemalism in Turkey’s Long Sixties: Mahir Çayan’s Theory of Revolution in Context
Authors: Ülker Erol
Published: December 2021

This article aims to reassess the evolution of Mahir Çayan’s theory of uninterrupted revolution in the context of the radical ideological currents of the long sixties in Turkey. It concentrates on Çayan’s relations with the National Democratic Revolution (Milli Demokratik Devrim, mdd) movement that enjoyed a considerable degree of political and ideological authority over the youth movements starting in the second half of the 1960s. The article discusses how Çayan interpreted and attempted to revise the theory of national democratic revolution by reference to the changing characteristics of imperialism and colonial domination. Consideration is given to Çayan’s critical approach towards the role of Kemalists in the anti-imperialist bloc to be formed.
Crossmodal Correspondence Between Auditory Timbre and Visual Shape
Authors: Gurman Daniel , McCormick Colin R. , Klein Raymond M.
Published: December 2021

Crossmodal correspondences are defined as associations between crossmodal stimuli based on seemingly irrelevant stimulus features (i.e., bright shapes being associated with high-pitched sounds). There is a large body of research describing auditory crossmodal correspondences involving pitch and volume, but not so much involving auditory timbre, the character or quality of a sound. Adeli and colleagues (2014, Front. Hum. Neurosci. 8, 352) found evidence of correspondences between timbre and visual shape. The present study aimed to replicate Adeli et al.’s findings, as well as identify novel timbre–shape correspondences. Participants were tested using two computerized tasks: an association task, which involved matching shapes to presented sounds based on best perceived fit, and a semantic task, which involved rating shapes and sounds on a number of scales. The analysis of association matches reveals nonrandom selection, with certain stimulus pairs being selected at a much higher frequency. The harsh/jagged and smooth/soft correspondences observed by Adeli et al. were found to be associated with a high level of consistency. Additionally, high matching frequency of sounds with unstudied timbre characteristics suggests the existence of novel correspondences. Finally, the ability of the semantic task to supplement existing crossmodal correspondence assessments was demonstrated. Convergent analysis of the semantic and association data demonstrates that the two datasets are significantly correlated (−0.36) meaning stimulus pairs associated with a high level of consensus were more likely to hold similar perceived meaning. The results of this study are discussed in both theoretical and applied contexts.
The Musical Diplomacy of Metternich
Authors: Mahiet Damien
Published: December 2021

That festivities are woven into the historical image of the Austrian diplomat, foreign minister, and state chancellor Clemens von Metternich (1773–1859) is in part the byproduct of his investment in music. As an amateur performer, passionate connoisseur, attentive patron, and frequent host, Metternich cultivated an international soundworld that presented opportunities for cooperative performances. Ensemble music and collective listening provided experiences of international concert that gained significance in the context of multilateral congresses and meetings. Musical exchanges, sustained through the activity of women and professional musicians, contributed to fostering diplomatic relations and international presence. In the context of the Restoration’s competing soundworlds, Metternich deployed a patronage of Rossini’s work and Italian opera music, with increasing intensity but mixed effect. This history speaks to the function of music in the presentation of self in international encounters and the resources to be found in the plurality of roles diplomats perform.
How long do Acari live? A survey of mite lifespans (Cover)
Authors: ZHANG ZHI-QIANG , FAN QING-HAI
Published: December 2021

Cover
Współczesna sytuacja na Grodzieńszczyźnie w ujęciu socjolingwistycznym
Authors: Ostrówka Małgorzata
Published: December 2021

The Contemporary Situation in the Grodno Region in a Sociolinguistic PerspectiveReview Katarzyna Konczewska, Polacy i język polski na Grodzieńszczyźnie [Poles and the Polish Language in the Grodno Region], Kraków: Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk, 2021, 192 pp.This article is a review of Katarzyna Konczewska’s study entitled Polacy i język polski na Grodzieńszczyźnie [Poles and the Polish Language in the Grodno Region]. The study discusses the history and geographical extent of the area under consideration as well as the sociolinguistic situation and the functional distribution of the Polish language in the region. The author also presents a list of features of North Borderland Polish in the collected texts, published sources – the novels of Eliza Orzeszkowa (Nad Niemnem [On the Niemen], Cham [The Peasant], Dziurdziowie [The Dziurdzia Family]), the prose of Aleksander Jurewicz, and books published in Polish in Belarus – and analyses the language of Polish tombstone inscriptions. It is worth noting that the publication includes a number of tables, full colour charts, maps and photos. The study is an important contribution to the literature on the functioning of the Polish language in Belarus. Współczesna sytuacja na Grodzieńszczyźnie w ujęciu socjolingwistycznymRecenzjaKatarzyna Konczewska, Polacy i język polski na Grodzieńszczyźnie, Kraków: Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk, 2021, 192 ss.Artykuł jest recenzją książki Katarzyny Konczewskiej pt. Polacy i język polski na Grodzieńszczyźnie. Autorka omawia w niej historię, zasięg geograficzny badanego obszaru, sytuację socjolingwistyczną oraz dystrybucję funkcjonalną języka polskiego. Przedstawia także wykaz cech polszczyzny północnokresowej w zgromadzonych tekstach, źródłach publikowanych – w powieściach Elizy Orzeszkowej (Nad Niemnem, Cham, Dziurdziowie), w prozie Aleksandra Jurewicza, białoruskich polskojęzycznych publikacjach książkowych. Analizuje też język polskich inskrypcji nagrobnych. Na uwagę zasługuje szata graficzna publikacji – tabele, kolorowe wykresy, mapy i zdjęcia. Książka jest ważnym uzupełnieniem literatury na temat funkcjonowania języka polskiego na Białorusi.
Dwujęzyczne hybrydy składniowe w tekstach naukowych
Authors: Duszkin Maksim
Published: December 2021

Bilingual Syntactic Hybrids in Scientific TextsThis article is devoted to the phenomenon of such quotation of foreign language lexemes whereby their form depends on the syntactic requirements of the language in which the main text is written, e.g. “dojść do соглашения”. Connections of this type can sometimes also be found in scientific publications, e.g. in articles in Polish describing the Russian language (lexical or grammatical issues, etc.) or Russian cultural and political realities. The study analyses this phenomenon on the basis of selected examples. In sentences quoting foreign language material in this way, the boundary between two languages (e.g. Ukrainian and Polish, Belarusian and Russian, etc.) and their respective syntactic systems is blurred. Dwujęzyczne hybrydy składniowe w tekstach naukowychW artykule omówione zostało zjawisko takiego przytaczania leksemów obcojęzycznych w tekście, w którym ich forma staje się zależna od wymagań składniowych języka, w jakim napisany jest tekst podstawowy, por. np. „dojść do соглашения”. Połączenia tego typu można czasami spotkać także w publikacjach naukowych, np. w artykułach w języku polskim, opisujących język rosyjski (leksykalnie, gramatycznie itd.) lub np. rosyjskie realia kulturowe i polityczne. W artykule zjawisko to zostało przeanalizowane na podstawie wybranych przykładów. W zdaniach operujących omawianym typem przytaczania materiału obcojęzycznego dochodzi do zacierania granicy pomiędzy dwoma językami (np. ukraińskim i polskim, białoruskim i rosyjskim) oraz ich systemami składniowymi.
Dawne polskie intensyfikatory wywodzące się od staroczeskiego "přieliš"
Authors: Mitrenga Barbara
Published: December 2021

Historical Polish Intensifiers Derived from the Old Czech přielišThis article is devoted to a historical-linguistic analysis of the equivalents of the Old Czech přieliš in historical Polish: the words bezlisz, brzezlisz, przelisz, przezlisz and przylisz. The study refers to key findings of researchers about these words, their origins and meaning. On the basis of analysis of linguistic material the author formulates conclusions about word-formation of the equivalents of přieliš in Polish, their frequency in monuments of Polish literature from the Old Polish period to the end of the sixteenth century, their meaning and status in Polish, as well as presumable causes of their disappearance from the language. The paper presents examples that confirm their functioning in monuments of the Polish language, such as Biblia królowej Zofii [Queen Sophia’s Bible] from the mid-fifteenth century and Biblia Jana Leopolity [John Leopolita’s Bible] from 1561, as well as in dictionaries of Polish. The study also considers information about Old Czech and compares parallel verses of Polish and Czech Bible translations. Dawne polskie intensyfikatory wywodzące się od staroczeskiego přielišArtykuł poświęcony jest historycznojęzykowej analizie odpowiedników staroczeskiego přieliš, czyli wyrazów bezlisz, brzezlisz, przelisz, przezlisz i przylisz w dawnej polszczyźnie. Autorka przytacza najważniejsze opinie badaczy o wymienionych wyrazach, ich pochodzeniu i znaczeniu. Na podstawie analizy materiału językowego formułuje wnioski dotyczące budowy słowotwórczej staroczeskich odpowiedników přieliš w języku polskim, ich frekwencji w zabytkach literatury polskiej od staropolszczyzny do końca XVI w., znaczenia i statusu tych wyrazów w polszczyźnie, a także przypuszczalnych przyczyn ich zaniku. W artykule przedstawiono przykłady potwierdzające funkcjonowanie wspomnianych wyrazów zarówno w zabytkach języka polskiego m.in. w Biblii królowej Zofii z połowy XV w. i Biblii Jana Leopolity z 1561 r., jak i w słownikach języka polskiego. Ponadto autorka przywołuje informacje o staroczeskim i porównuje równoległe wersety przekładów Biblii na język polski i czeski.
Wspomnienie Prof. dr hab. Kwiryna Handke (1932–2021)
Authors: Masłowska Ewa
Published: December 2021

In Memoriam: Professor Dr hab. Kwiryna Handke (1932–2021)This article is an obituary of Professor Kwiryna Handke (1932–2021), a renowned linguist, Polish philologist, Slavist and Warsaw studies scholar, associated with the Institute of Slavic Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences for several decades. She served as Deputy Director (1990–1996) and Director of the Institute (1996–1999), Head of the Institute’s Academic Council (2007–2010), and Editor-in-Chief of the journal Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej (2001–2013). Wspomnienie. Prof. dr hab. Kwiryna Handke (1932–2021)Artykuł jest wspomnieniem prof. dr hab. Kwiryny Handke (1932–2021), nestorki Instytutu Slawistyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk, od 1990–1996 wicedyrektora, a w latach 1996–1999 dyrektora IS PAN, Przewodniczącej Rady Naukowej IS PAN (2007–2010), byłej redaktor naczelnej „Studiów z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej” (2001–2013), językoznawcy, polonistki, slawistki i varsavianistki.
The Cult of the Martyr: The Symbol of Stanisław Wacławski and Rituals of Violence in the Warsaw Student Milieu of the 1930s
Authors: Mrzygłód Izabela
Published: December 2021

The Cult of the Martyr: The Symbol of Stanisław Wacławski and Rituals of Violence in the Warsaw Student Milieu of the 1930sViolence was a key element of the interwar radical habitus and was particularly affirmed in far-right movements, which found fertile ground for their ideas among students. However, the influence of the systems of ideas advocated by ideologues on student masses seems limited and indirect. Student support for antisemitism and extremism cannot be explained only by cultural conditions, ideology or political engineering. What is needed here are intermediate stages, linking radical ideology with the actions of social actors. I argue that the intermediary function was performed by the symbol of Stanisław Wacławski, a student and member of the Camp of Great Poland (Obóz Wielkiej Polski) who was killed during the antisemitic riots in Vilnius in 1931. The figure of Wacławski was a key element of antisemitic discourse in far-right press and was used by academic societies to construct the annual ritual of violence in the 1930s. I employ the micro-sociological approach and draw on Randall Collins’ theory of “interaction ritual chains” to show that the factors behind the mobilization of ordinary students for collective violence and a chauvinistic agenda included also emotions and personal relations, and not only political identification and advertising. Kult męczennika. Symbol Stanisława Wacławskiego i rytuały przemocy w warszawskim środowisku studenckim lat trzydziestych XX wiekuW habitusie międzywojennych radykałów przemoc grała kluczową rolę i była szczególnie afirmowana w ruchach skrajnie prawicowych, które znajdowały podatny grunt dla swoich idei w środowiskach studenckich. Jednak wpływ systemów idei głoszonych przez ideologów na masy studenckie wydaje się ograniczony i pośredni. Poparcia studentów dla antysemityzmu i ekstremizmu nie można tłumaczyć jedynie uwarunkowaniami kulturowymi, ideologią czy inżynierią polityczną. Potrzebne są tu etapy pośrednie, łączące radykalną ideologię z działaniami aktorów społecznych. W niniejszym tekście dowodzę, że funkcję taką pełnił w środowisku akademickim symbol w postaci Stanisława Wacławskiego, studenta i członka Obozu Wielkiej Polski, który zginął podczas antysemickich zamieszek w Wilnie w 1931 roku. Jego postać stanowiła kluczowy element antysemickiego dyskursu prasy skrajnej prawicy i była wykorzystywana przez stowarzyszenia akademickie do konstruowania corocznego rytuału przemocy w latach 30. Aby pokazać, że czynnikami, które wyjaśniają, w jaki sposób zwykli studenci byli mobilizowani do zbiorowej przemocy i pozyskiwani dla szowinistycznego programu, były również emocje i osobiste relacje, a nie tylko identyfikacja polityczna i agitacja, stosuję podejście mikrosocjologiczne i czerpię z teorii „łańcuchów rytuałów interakcji” Randalla Collinsa.
The Last Citizen of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania: The Editor Ludwik Abramowicz (1879–1939) and the Idea of "Krajowość"
Authors: Smalianchuk Aliaksandr
Published: December 2021

The Last Citizen of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania: The Editor Ludwik Abramowicz (1879–1939) and the Idea of KrajowośćLudwik Abramowicz was one of the main ideologists of the idea of krajowość in its liberal-democratic version. He defended its principles even in the interwar period, when Poland was dominated by the policy of assimilation of national minorities and relations with Lithuania had the character of a cold war. Thanks to Abramowicz, Przegląd Wileński [Vilnius Review] (1921–1938) became the last bastion of the idea of krajowość, actively popularising it in the public life of the Vilnius Region. Abramowicz unwaveringly defended the idea of the political independence of the Belarusian-Lithuanian Lands and the decision of its future by the representatives of all indigenous nations. Abramowicz’s life and work, his publications in Przegląd Wileński prove that against all political and national-cultural realities, the idea of krajowość as an idea of harmonious coexistence of the nations of the historical Lithuania was popular and found new supporters. Ostatni obywatel Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego. Wprowadzenie do biografii redaktora Ludwika Abramowicza (1879–1939)Publicysta i redaktor Ludwik Abramowicz był jednym z głównych ideologów idei krajowej w jej liberalno-demokratycznej wersji. Bronił zasad krajowości nawet w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym, kiedy w Polsce dominowała polityka asymilacji mniejszości narodowych, a stosunki z Litwą miały charakter zimnej wojny. Dzięki Abramowiczowi „Przegląd Wileński” (1921–1938) stał się ostatnim bastionem idei krajowej, czynnie popularyzując ją w życiu publicznym Wileńszczyzny. Abramowicz konsekwentnie bronił idei politycznej niezależności Kraju Białorusko-Litewskiego i decydowania o jego losie przez przedstawicieli wszystkich rdzennych narodów. Życie i twórczość Abramowicza, publikacje w „Przeglądzie Wileńskim” świadczą, że wbrew wszelkim realiom politycznym i narodowo-kulturowym idea krajowa jako idea harmonijnego współistnienia narodów historycznej Litwy cieszyła się popularnością i znajdowała nowych zwolenników.
Extended Antisemitism: The Case of Poznań
Authors: Roszak Joanna
Published: December 2021

Extended Antisemitism: The Case of PoznańThis article examines contemporary antisemitism in Poznań. The first part of the study reconstructs how the contemporary collective memory in this Polish city was shaped, starting in the interwar period. Referring to earlier contexts, the author points to the founding myth of the medieval legend of the stolen Hosts, which prevails in Poznań. She also retraces the history of antisemitism at the Adam Mickiewicz University. In recent years, the university has disclosed archival records, including those connected with the introduction of ghetto benches and the numerus clausus rule, in this way attempting to atone for disgraceful events in its history. Reflecting on antisemitism in Poznań, the author asks what fuels it in the almost mono-ethnic city that Poznań is today, and introduces the term extended antisemitism. For the purposes of the article, she conducted interviews (using the Delphi technique) with researchers and social activists involved in Jewish issues. Antysemityzm rozszerzony: na przykładzie PoznaniaAutorka bada współczesny antysemityzm w Poznaniu. W pierwszej części opracowania rekonstruuje, jak kształtowała się współczesna pamięć zbiorowa w tym polskim mieście, począwszy od okresu międzywojennego. Następnie, odwołując się do kontekstów, wskazuje na dominujący w Poznaniu mit założycielski średniowiecznej legendy o skradzionych hostiach. Omawia też historię antysemityzmu na Uniwersytecie im. Adama Mickiewicza. W ostatnich latach uczelnia ujawnia źródła archiwalne, w tym materiały związane z tworzeniem getta ławkowego i z wprowadzeniem numerus clausus; w ten sposób stara się niejako zadośćuczynić haniebnym wydarzeniom ze swojej historii. Zastanawiając się nad antysemityzmem w Poznaniu, autorka zadaje pytanie, czym napędza się on dziś w niemal monoetnicznym mieście. Wprowadza pojęcie rozszerzonego antysemityzmu. Na potrzeby artykułu przeprowadziła wywiady metodą delficką z badaczami i społecznikami.
Meaningfulness and Impact of Academic Research: Bringing the Global South to the Forefront
Authors: D’Cruz Premilla , Noronha Ernesto , Katiyar Sudhir
Published: December 2021

Alongside scholarly and societal dimensions of research impact, the meaningfulness of research, emerging from the link to context, is crucial. Authentic inclusion of Global South scholars based in the Global South aids these objectives.
Majority-Minority Boards of Directors and Decision Making: The Effects of Homophily on Lending Decisions
Authors: Goenner Cullen F.
Published: December 2021

In this study, I examine the role racial minorities in the boardroom can play in reducing social injustice by promoting more equal access to mortgage credit to minority households. I develop a simple theoretical model that posits directors who are racial minorities provide the credit unions they govern with a perspective that shapes lenders’ trust of minority applicants. This trust is shaped by homophily and the tendency of individuals to prefer interactions with similar individuals. Using mortgage loan data from a cross-section of credit unions in the United States from 185,446 applications, I find that credit unions where the majority of board members are minorities are less likely to reject a similarly qualified minority applicant than their counterparts. Governance by minority directors significantly reduces the effects of discrimination faced by minority applicants. The board’s effect is strongest in minority neighborhoods and where the homophily is stronger between directors and applicants.
Revisiting the Relationship Between Tourism and Crime Based on a Dynamic Spatial Durbin Model
Authors: Zhang Jun , Xiang Guopeng
Published: December 2021

To determine the extent to which tourism development affects crime rate, this study uses a dynamic spatial Durbin model (DSDM) to examine the spatial effect of tourism on crime. Based on a panel data set of 21 cities in Sichuan Province, China, over the 2008 to 2018 period, and after controlling for the interactive effect, the results reveal that tourism exerts a significantly negative impact on crime. This implies that tourism development can reduce crime. Moreover, tourism has a negative spatial spillover effect; thus, increased tourist arrivals decrease crime in neighboring cities. Per capita GDP, wages, unemployment, population density, hotels, scenic spots, and travel agents generate various direct and spillover effects. Finally, we provide policy suggestions.
Personal meaning of recovery among persons with schizophrenia
Authors: Mathew Shari Tess , Nirmala Bergai Parthsarathy , Kommu John Vijay Sagar
Published: December 2021

Background:

Recovery in mental illness is not synonymous with cure. Personal recovery approach consider recovery as a process and not as an outcome. This approach takes into account the subjective meaning of recovery by assessing how a person has learned to accommodate and live with an illness.

Aim:

To study the personal meaning of recovery among persons with schizophrenia.

Method:

This article presents the findings of a qualitative study about what ‘recovery’ means to persons with schizophrenia. A semi structured interview schedule was prepared based on literature review and expert opinion. Twenty participants who met the inclusion criteria and personally consider themselves recovering/recovered from schizophrenia were selected for the in-depth qualitative interviews. Data was analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Meaning of recovery from each participant’s perspective was recorded.

Findings:

The results indicate factors that patients deem important for their recovery are, absence of symptoms, regaining functioning, being able to work, having adequate emotional stability and not being on medicines. The findings are examined in the background of the previous studies and suggestions for clinical practice and research is also discussed.

Conclusion:

Recovery is far more than remission of symptoms. Persons with mental illness has their own criteria of recovery, which could be very distinct from the clinical definition. Current study findings can help in identifying meaning of recovery through the perspectives of persons with mental illness and in developing and implementing recovery-oriented services.
Ethical Principles in Personal Protective Equipment Inventory Management Decisions and Partnerships Across State Lines During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Merchant Tazim , Hormozian Sean , Smith Roger S. , Pendergrast Tricia , Siddiqui Aliza , Wen Zhaoyang , Sheldon Mark
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic created unprecedented strain on the personal protective equipment (PPE) supply chain. Given the dearth of PPE and consequences for transmission, GetMePPE Chicago (GMPC) developed a PPE allocation framework and system, distributing 886 900 units to 274 institutions from March 2020 to July 2021 to address PPE needs. As the pandemic evolved, GMPC made difficult decisions about (1) building reserve inventory (to balance present and future, potentially higher clinical acuity, needs), (2) donating to other states/out-of-state organizations, and (3) receiving donations from other states. In this case study, we detail both GMPC’s experience in making these decisions and the ethical frameworks that guided these decisions. We also reflect on lessons learned and suggest which values may have been in conflict (eg, maximizing benefits vs duty to mission, defined in the context of PPE allocation) in each circumstance, which values were prioritized, and when that prioritization would change. Such guidance can promote a values-based approach to key issues concerning distribution of PPE and other scarce medical resources in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and related future pandemics.
Positive Family Environment, General Distress, Subjective Well-Being, and Academic Engagement among High School Students Before and During the COVID-19 Outbreak
Authors: Gaxiola Romero José Concepción , Pineda Domínguez Antonio , Gaxiola Villa Eunice , González Lugo Sandybell
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has altered the family dynamics of most people worldwide as well as the mode in which students take classes. The impact of such changes on students’ well-being, academic engagement, and general distress remains unknown. Therefore, this study aims to test the structural relations among positive family environment (a measure of Positive Home-Based Parent Involvement [HBI]), subjective well-being (SWB), general distress, and academic engagement, focusing on Mexican high school students. A longitudinal study was conducted covering two time points: before (T1) and during (T2) the COVID-19 outbreak. A sample of 502 students answered questionnaires in T1 whereas 111 did so in T2. Analyses were conducted using Mplus software. Principal results showed that the positive and significant association between positive family environment and SWB did not substantially change from T1 to T2, whereas the relation between positive family environment and academic engagement became stronger. Data revealed that a positive family environment can play an important role in promoting academic engagement among adolescent students despite the risks brought about by sanitary lockdowns and the increase of family interactions. Results are discussed highlighting the importance of positive family environments and HBI on academic outcomes for Mexican high school students.
Crisis and arbitrage opportunities: The role of causation, effectuation and entrepreneurial learning
Authors: Khurana Indu , Dutta Dev K , Schenkel Mark T
Published: December 2021

This article examines the process by which entrepreneurs identify and work with an arbitrage opportunity emerging from an episodic crisis. Although prior research has investigated the role of entrepreneurial characteristics and context on opportunity development, the specific manner in which these factors emerge in the course of opportunity development during a crisis remain underexplored. By adopting a qualitative approach grounded in case studies of eight entrepreneurs in the US distillery industry, this article addresses that gap by examining the process of arbitrage opportunity development during COVID-19. Our study reveals the primacy of both causation and effectuation-based entrepreneurial decision logics and the role of double-loop learning, as entrepreneurs interact with the time-compressed duration of the arbitrage opportunity. Implications and insights for entrepreneurs, researchers and policymakers are discussed.