bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Establishing a Center for Language Education in a Chinese University: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: O’Sullivan Kathy
Published: May 2020

In today’s globalized world, more degree programs worldwide are being taught through the medium of English, meaning that learners, most of whom are non-specialist language learners, need to demonstrate a high level of English language competence. As a consequence, foreign language provision in higher education has seen a mushrooming of language centers. Nowhere is this more the case than in China, which in recent years has witnessed a dramatic increase in the number of new universities being established, together with associated language centers. This article explores the process of establishing a language center at a Chinese university, from the viewpoints of the teachers and students directly affected as a result. The article describes the shift from teacher-led classes to learners taking responsibility for their own learning. To accommodate this shift, professional development of teachers was and remains key to planning for expansion and growth of the center. Teaching quality and a student-centered atmosphere are the main drivers of the center. Staff and student feedback is used to illustrate how planning to serve the diverse needs of university populations is crucial, given that further development is likely to happen at a dizzying pace.
Interculturalism in Content and Language Integrated Learning Classes: Research Perspectives from European Policy to Greek Reality
Authors: Sakellariou Georgios , Papadopoulos Isaak
Published: May 2020

Τhe CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) approach has been proposed as an effective approach for students’ education in the 21st century. Although it was initially proposed for students of higher education, CLIL has become especially attractive for students even in pre-school education. This paper focuses on the importance of CLIL implementation in fostering intercultural competencies among students who are engaged in CLIL programs. More specifically, this paper covers a theoretical review on CLIL and its development, while special emphasis is placed on the position of CLIL in the priorities of the European Council within the context of promoting multilingualism in Europe. CLIL aligns itself with the European Language Policy of improving language learning in its member states and with the EU Commission’s objective of EU citizens’ competence in European languages other than learners’ mother tongue. The paper ends with references to organizations that promote the implementation of CLIL across Europe, while special emphasis is placed upon CLIL in Greek education.
Otorhinolaryngology Out-Patient Practice in the “Post”-COVID-19 Era: Ensuring a Balance Between Service and Safety
Authors: Lapeña Jose Florencio , Abes Franco Louie , Gomez Mark Anthony , Villafuerte Cesar Vincent , Roldan Rodante , Fullante Philip , Carrillo Ryner Jose , Paber Justin Elfred Lan , Isla Armando , Alcances-Inocencio Rose , Cabazor Jose Benedicto , Caro Ruzanne , Guzman Ma. Fita
Published: May 2020

Objective: To review available resources and provide evidence-based recommendations that may optimize otorhinolaryngologic out-patient health care delivery in the “post”-COVID-19 era while ensuring the safety of our patients, healthcare workers and staff.

Data Sources: Relevant peer-reviewed journal articles; task force, organizational and institutional, government and non-government organization recommendations; published guidelines from medical, health-related, and scientific organizations.

Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature on the COVID-19 pandemic as it pertained to “post”-COVID 19 out-patient otorhinolaryngologic practice was obtained from peer-reviewed articles, guidelines, recommendations, and statements that were identified through a structured search of the data sources for relevant literature utilizing MEDLINE (through PubMed and PubMed Central PMC), Google (and Google Scholar), HERDIN Plus, the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Library, and grey literature including social media (blogs, Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook). In-patient management (including ORL surgical procedures such as tracheostomy) were excluded. Retrieved material was critically appraised and organized according to five discussion themes: physical office set-up, patient processing, personal protection, procedures, and prevention and health-promotion.

Conclusion: These recommendations are consistent with the best available evidence to date, and are globally acceptable while being locally applicable. They address the concerns of otorhinolaryngologists and related specialists about resuming office practice during the “post”-COVID-19 period when strict quarantines are gradually lifted and a transition to the “new” normal is made despite the unavailability of a specific vaccine for SARS-CoV-2. While they target practice settings in the Philippines, they should be useful to ENT (ear, nose & throat) surgeons in other countries in ensuring a balance between service and safety as we continue to serve our patients during these challenging times.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; otorhinolaryngology; otolaryngology head and neck surgery;ENT; out-patient practice; clinic practice.
Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach (TOETVA) for Thyroid Nodules: A Series of the First 10 Patients in a Single Institution
Authors: Maliwat Lawrence , Malahito Rowald Rey , Llanes Erasmo Gonzalo
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective: To present the perioperative data of patients with solitary or multinodular goiter and/ or papillary thyroid carcinoma who underwent Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach (TOETVA) in a single tertiary medical center.

Methods:

Design: Case series

Setting: Tertiary Government Hospital

Participants: Records of 10 patients who underwent TOETVA from June 2018 to July 2019 (9 thyroid lobectomies, 1 total thyroidectomy) were reviewed. Outcomes and measures included conversion to open surgery, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, size of the thyroid gland, postoperative hospital stay, visual analogue pain scores (VAS), and postoperative complications.

Results: None of the 10 patients were converted to an open procedure. The average preoperative thyroid size was 4.73 cm in widest diameter using thyroid ultrasound (±1.88 cm, range 3.6 to 6.5 cm). Mean operative time for thyroid lobectomy and total thyroidectomy was 4 hours and 29 minutes and 4 hours and 15 minutes, respectively. Mean intraoperative blood loss was 140 ml (±47.96 ml, range 80 to 200 ml) for thyroid lobectomy and 100 ml for total thyroidectomy. The average intraoperative size of the thyroid gland measured in widest diameter (larger lobe for total thyroidectomy) was 4.48 cm (±0.919 cm, range 3 to 5.5 cm). Median postoperative hospital stay was 2 days (±1.55 days, range 2 to 12 days). Mean VAS pain scores for postoperative days 1, 2, 3, and 7 were 5, 3, 2, and 0, respectively. Transient recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (of 3 months duration) occurred in 1 patient. Two cases had surgical site infection, 2 had wound dehiscence, 1 had seroma and 1 had skin burn as a complication. None had hypocalcemia or mental nerve injury in the series.

Conclusions: TOETVA was replicated in the local setting and a presentation of the perioperative data of all the patients who underwent this novel technique, the indications, as well as surgical and patient outcomes, were described.

Keywords: TOETVA; thyroidectomy; transoral; endoscopic; minimally invasive
PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP GEOMETRI MELALUI TAHAPAN BERFIKIR VAN HIELE DI SMP NEGERI 8 LANGSA
Authors: Muliati Sri
Published: May 2020

Understanding the concept is a benchmark students can proceed to the next stage in the learning process and the stage of thinking Van Hiele is a good solution to direct students to the actual concept of geometry. Stages of thinking Van Hiele specializes in teaching geometry. There are three main elements in teaching geometry, namely time, teaching material, and the teaching methods applied. If the three elements are arranged in an integrated manner, they will be able to improve students' thinking abilities to the higher stages of thinking. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was an increase in understanding of the geometrical concepts of eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 8 Langsa through the Van Hiele thinking stage. This research was classified into quasi-experimental research. This study uses a One Group Pretest-Posttest Desaign research design. The population in this study were all eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 8 Langsa. Samples were taken using simple random sampling technique and students of class VIII I were selected as sample classes. The instrument of this study is the ability to understand concept tests. This test was arranged in the form of a description consisting of 6 questions. From the results of the calculation of the percentage understanding of students' geometrical concepts showed an increase of 48%. The results of data analysis obtained that count> t table is 12.59> 2.08, this means that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, so it can be concluded that there is an increase in understanding of students' geometry concepts through the stages of van hiele thinking at SMP Negeri 8 Langsa.

 

Keywords: Stages of thinking Van Hiele, Ability to understand concepts and Geometry.
Changes in protein substances of brynza cheese under the influence of partial replacement of salt with potassium chloride
Authors: Skulska I. V. , Tsisaryk O. Y.
Published: May 2020

The results of studies of protein substances of brine cheese from sheep milk with partial replacement of salt with potassium chloride in the amount of  20 and 30 % are presented in the article. Benefits of cheese as a foodstuff are a large number of vitamins B, A, E, it is rich in minerals, including trace elements and essential amino acids. The bacterial preparation RSF-742 in combination with Fresh-Q (Chr. Hansen, Denmark) was used to make the cheese, which adversely affects the development of yeast and mold, thus extending the shelf life of the cheese. Two groups of cheese were made. The first group (without Fresh-Q): K (control) using NaCl; D1 and D2 with 20 % and 30 % replacement of NaCl by KCl, respectively. Second group (with Fresh-Q): CF using NaCl; DF1 and DF2 with 20 and 30 % replacement of NaCl by KCl, respectively. The Kjeldahl method was used to determine the content of total Nitrogen, total soluble Nitrogen, Nitrogen of non-protein soluble nitrogen-containing compounds. The positive effect of salt replacement and the use of biosecurity culture on the course of proteolytic processes has been proved. Nitrogen content of soluble protein substances, which determines the dietary properties of cheese, increased in samples with 20 and 30 % replacement of table salt with potassium chloride. Determination of digestibility of proteins by digestive enzymes in vitro was performed using the basic method Pokrovsky-Ertanov. The essence of the method consists in the sequential effect on the protein of the object under study of the proteinase system and the removal by dialysis of some hydrolysis products to avoid inhibition of the reaction by low molecular weight peptides and free amino acids. Brynza with partial replacement of sodium chloride with potassium chloride is characterized by better digestibility compared to cheese, which is made by traditional technology. The data are confirmed by high rates of digestibility. The test specimens of the breeze according to these indicators fully meet the requirements of the current regulatory documentation.
Comparative assessment of the quality of rabbit meat, which was obtained in the conditions of a slaughter enterprise and backyard
Authors: Shevchik R. S. , Duda Y. V. , Gavrilina O. G. , Kuneva L. V.
Published: May 2020

Recently, healthy food products, include rabbit meat, are becoming increasingly popular consumers. Given the large percentage of households producing rabbit meat, as well as the development of relevant enterprises, the issue of quality of rabbit meat obtained under various technological conditions is relevant. The research material was two groups of Californian breed rabbits: the first (I) in the amount of 32 animals from a small rabbit farm city, the second (II) in the amount of 60 animals from a rabbit breeding and processing enterprise in the Dnipro. The experience consisted of determining: technological features of the slaughter and primary processing of rabbits, meat production and quality characteristics of rabbit meat, as well as slaughter veterinary and sanitary examination and histomorphological research. The general patterns of slaughter and primary processing of rabbits of both groups were generally similar and consistent with the requirements. The differences are defined in the methods of stunning, bleeding, toilet carcasses and preparing them for storage. A quick and effective method of bleeding rabbits of group II led to blood contamination of the skins, while in group I the skins remained clean. The dressing out percentage of rabbit backyard slaughter was 6.2 % higher (P < 0.001) than at the enterprise, and, conversely, the loss of carcass meat juice after cooling was 3.24 % less (P < 0.01) in production than in the small farm. The decrease in meat pH at the extreme minimum values per day after slaughter in the 1st group was more intense than in the 2nd group: 5.72 and 5.93 (P <0.001), respectively. The influence of the conditions for the production of rabbit meat on the moisture and protein content in meat was not revealed. The pathological changes common to both groups of rabbits were characterized by the detection of hematomas, subcutaneous abscesses in carcasses (9.4 % and 5.0 % of cases), hepatic coccidiosis (12.5 % and 18.3 %). A significant difference was found in pathological changes in the lungs: the incidence of hemoaspiration of the lungs of rabbit slaughter was 16.5 times higher than that of rabbits slaughtered under production conditions.
Pathogistological changes in the lungs of Felis silvestris catus when infected with Aelurostrongylus abstrusus
Authors: Shchebentovska O. M. , Holubtsova M. V.
Published: May 2020

Aelurostrongylus abstrusus is a parasite that belongs to Nematoda type, Metastrongyloidea superfamily, Angiostrongylidae family, Aelurostrongylus genus and is known as feline helminth, whose intermediate hosts are slugs and snails and reservoir hosts are mice and birds. In cats, Aelurostrongylus abstrusus parasitizes in bronchioles and alveoli, causing specific inflammatory changes in the lower respiratory tract and enables the development of such clinical signs as cough, shortness of breath as well as mucous-purulent discharge from the nasal cavity, when complicated by bacterial infections. Females of parasite lay eggs, which the larvae of L1 hatch from. Subsequently, these larvae cough with bronchial mucus and are swallowed by an animal. They pass through the digestive channel without changes and together with the faeces are released into the environment. The first stage larvae actively penetrate into the body of the slugs, fade twice and are becoming invasive. Duration of larvae development from the stage L1 to L3 depends on the biological cycle of intermediate hosts – slugs and snails. Cats are becoming infected by eating slugs or snails with invasive larvae of the third stage (L3), which are transmitted from the digestive channel of the definitive host (cat) with blood flow to the lungs. Usually, the pathogen has low pathogenicity and invasions are primarily detected after animal’s death, during pathoanatomical dissection. Acute clinical signs of the disease have not been described much up to date. The article presents the results of pathomorphological examination of the cat's lungs infected by Aelurostrongylus abstrusus. The severity of pathomorphological changes of the cat’s pulmonary tissue depends on the intensity of the invasion. When dissected, the lungs appear unevenly coloured, dark red with light and slightly denser areas, where focal parasitic nodules are clearly distinct, surrounded by pink halo and different in size but mostly round, dense consistency. Main morphological characteristic of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus infection is the presence of numerous eggs and L1 larvae in the alveoli but also in the bronchi. Helminth eggs accumulated in the alveolar lumps, surrounded by a thin shell; a severe cellular reaction from lymphocytes, macrophages and histiocytes occurred around this shell. An inflammatory reaction resulted in the thickening of the interstitial tissue with a strong vascular response, characterized by fraying and edema of the vessel walls. The results of pathomorphological researches have shown that the main changes were localized in the lungs and bronchial tubes with diffuse damage of the pulmonary tissue parenchyma and development of croupous pneumonia.
Distribution of obstetric pathology of cows in the leading agricultural enterprises of Khmelnytsky region
Authors: Sachuk R. M. , Stravsky Ya. S. , Shevchenko A. M. , Katsaraba O. A. , Zhigalyuk S. V.
Published: May 2020

There is a problem in the farms of the Khmelnytsky region of reducing the reproductive capacity of cows. Our analysis in the region showed that in the studied cows of the Native Land Branch of PJSC “Grain Products MHP” and PE “Demetra-2010” the length of the service period and the postpartum period are somewhat longer. The service period during all three lactations was smaller in cows of the Branch “Native land” of PJSC “Grain product MHP” by 11.9 days for animals of PE “Demetra-2010”, the average period indicator was 169.3 ± 65.04 and 181.2 ± 31.11 days, respectively. In a retrospective analysis which was conducted by us in the leading farms of the Khmelnytsky region, it was found that the share of obstetric diseases in the structure of non-communicable cow pathology was 21.9 % in the Branch “Native Territory” of PJSC “Zernoproduct MHP” and 22.5 % in PE “Demetra 2010”. At the diagnostic stage of obstetric examination, the spread of obstetric pathology in cows during periods of dryness, calving and post-calving was analyzed. In the period of dryness, there were 8.1 % (7.5–9.9 %) cases of sedimentation, 3.9 % (2.3–4.5 %) udder edema. In the course of the farm surveys, the pathological course of childbirth was recorded in 3360 animals, accounting for 54 % of the total number of surveyed and 88.5 % of feral animals. Namely, in 1417 cows (22.8 %) observed pathology of the third stage of childbirth (delay of litter), in 963 cows (15.5 %) observed weakness of the generic activity. In 723 cows (11.6 %), birth trauma was reported. Postpartum complications in the cows surveyed in the Khmelnytsky region were observed postpartum sepsis (0.3 %), infected wounds after caesarean section (0.2 %) and vulva (0.1 %) postpartum vulva-vaginitis (7.1 %), subinvolution uterus (11.2 %) and endometritis (21.6 %). It was found that cows of the dry period were diagnosed with subclinical mastitis, which fluctuated within 13.3 %, respectively. Whereas clinical mastitis in the dry season on average on farms sick 7.4 % of animals. Prospective in the study of the etiology of metabolic and obstetric diseases will be the study of individual indicators of quality and safety of feed, clinical and laboratory studies of pathology of the reproductive system, which will become the basis for early diagnosis of these diseases.
Performance Evaluation of Chickpea Varieties (Cicer arietinum L.) at Bule Hora and Abaya Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Ejara Ejigu , Kitaba Kemal , Misganaa Zinash , Tesama Ganene
Published: May 2020

Chickpea is among the major pulse crops grown in southern Ethiopia including Borana and West guji zone. The area has potential to the production of Chickpea for food and nutrition security as well as export commodity. However, scarcity of varieties that fit to the environment is one of the major constraints of production. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to evaluate 9 chickpea varieties to select adaptable varieties for yield and agronomic traits. The field experiment was conducted in 2017 and 2018 at two locations (Abaya and Bule hora) and varieties were planted in Randomized complete block design. Data were collected on yield and important agronomic traits. Analysis of variance computed for individual locations and combined analysis over locations revealed significant variations among varieties. Moreover, Varieties showed a grain yield as high as 1087.5kg/ha and 873.79kg/ha at Bule hora and Abaya respectively. Minjar variety is significantly high yielding variety at both locations with yield advantage of 26.13% and 52.07% over variety mean at Bule hora and Abaya respectively and therefore recommended for both locations and locations with similar agro ecologies.
The impact of financial policy on economic growth in Jordan (2000-2017)
Authors: Alghusin Nawaf , Abdalmajeed Alsmadi Ayman , Alkhatib Esraa , Mohammad Alqtish Atala
Published: May 2020

The aim of this paper is to examine the
impact of financial policy on rate of economic growth in Jordan for the period
of (2000-2017) taking into the considerations the fluctuations of taxation
system. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach has been utilized in
order to analyze the long term relationship between study variable which are;
money supply (M2), domestic credit provided by banks (DCBS) and real Gross
Domestic Product GDP. The results shows that, money (M2) and domestic
credit provided by banks (DCBS) can effects on GDP in Jordan for the study
period. The taxation system in Jordan has been fluctuated many times during
2017 and 2018, which made the data partly not available. This led the
researchers to spend long time to find an accurate data in order to
finalize this study. This study
will add good practical evidence on the impact of changing the taxation system
positively or negatively on the economic growth.
Tren hijrah dan Isu Radikalisme Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Masyarakat Islam
Authors: Musa Musa
Published: May 2020

The trend of appearance changes experienced by some Muslims in Indonesia is called the hijrah. The term hijrah itself actually has the meaning of moving. The move in question is the transfer of the Prophet Muhammad sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam from Mecca to Medina because of the threat from the Quraysh tribe who opposed the Prophet's preaching calling for monotheism. But now the term hijrah is pinned to the movement of a person's change from being initially bad to getting better. For now, hijrah has a different form, which is identical to repent and look like using the robe, veil, for men to grow beards and so on. In this era, the trend of migration can easily be found in various circles of millennial. There are various factors that influence their hijrah actions, including being invited by friends, breaking up love, experiencing sad events, being aware of death and so on. This hijrah trend utilizes social media as a means of da'wah, friendship between Muslims and disseminating advisory posts. The issue of radicalism that arises which is pinned to those who emigrate is not true because emigration is an attempt by someone to get closer to the almighty Allah. Even if there is radicalism, it is the work of irresponsible people who act on behalf of certain parties.

 

Abstrak

 Tren perubahan penampilan yang dialami oleh sebagian umat Islam di Indonesia disebut dengan hijrah. Istilah hijrah sendiri sebenarnya memiliki arti bergerak. Langkah yang dimaksud adalah pemindahan Nabi Muhammad sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam dari Mekah ke Madinah karena ancaman dari suku Quraish yang menentang dakwah Nabi yang menyerukan monoteisme. Tapi sekarang istilah hijrah disematkan pada pergerakan perubahan seseorang dari semula buruk menjadi lebih baik. Untuk saat ini, hijrah memiliki bentuk yang berbeda, yang identik dengan bertobat dan terlihat seperti menggunakan jubah, kerudung, bagi pria untuk menumbuhkan janggut dan sebagainya. Di era ini, tren migrasi dapat dengan mudah ditemukan di berbagai kalangan milenial. Ada berbagai faktor yang memengaruhi tindakan hijrah mereka, termasuk diundang oleh teman-teman, putus cinta, mengalami peristiwa menyedihkan, menyadari kematian dan sebagainya. Tren hijrah ini memanfaatkan media sosial sebagai sarana dakwah, pertemanan antara Muslim dan penyebaran pos-pos penasehat. Masalah radikalisme yang muncul yang disematkan kepada mereka yang beremigrasi tidak benar karena emigrasi adalah upaya seseorang untuk mendekatkan diri kepada Allah SWT. Sekalipun ada radikalisme, itu adalah pekerjaan orang-orang yang tidak bertanggung jawab yang bertindak atas nama pihak-pihak tertentu.
Synthesis of Bioethanol from Cocoa Pod Husk Using Zymomonas Mobilis
Authors: Billah Mu'tasim , Agratiyan Tikat Deri , Ayu Dhining , Erliyanti Nove Kartika , Saputro Erwan Adi , Yogaswara Rachmad Ramadhan
Published: May 2020

Nowadays, energy issue is one of the interesting discussions among the researchers and energy stakeholders. This is due to the reducing of the main source of world energy which consists mostly of non-renewable energy derived from fossils of living things millions of years ago. Alternatively, there are some alternative energy that promising in the future such as bioethanol from plant or fruits. For that reasons, the aim of this research is to make bioethanol from the peel of cocoa fruit. Cocoa pod husk can be used as source of bioethanol through a fermentation process with the help of bacteria. This study will examine the ethanol content in fermented cocoa pod husks. The fermentation time was 0 days, 2 days, 4 days, 6 days, 8 days. The Zymomonas mobilis bacteria is used in the fermentation process and their percentage is 8%v/v, 10%v/v, 12%v/v, 14%v/v, 16%v/v.In the process of fermentation of cocoa pod husk with Zymomonas mobilis inoculum on the 3rd day to 9thshowed an increase. On the eleventh day in all conditions the addition of a starter was decreased. The best condition when fermentation takes place on the 8th day with a starter dose of 14% and obtained an alcohol content of 10.62%.The results of this study indicate that the addition of Zymomonas mobilis starter and fermentation time affect the levels of bioethanol produced. The addition of a starter as much as 14% and the fermentation time for 8 days are the best condition in this study.
Five American History Books for Survey Courses
Authors: Tate Benjamin D. , Durand Robert C.
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by Durand.
Historical "Bad Guys"
Authors: Dietrich Donald J.
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by Dietrich.
Active Learning and the Survey Class
Authors: Bailey Raymond C. , Eggleston Noel C.
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by Bailey and Eggleston.
Makers of the Modern World
Authors: Dunn Joe P.
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by Dunn.
Voices from Vietnam
Authors: Kneeshaw Stephen
Published: May 2020

Review essay by Stephen Kneeshaw of The School of the Ozarks.
Rethinking the Graduate Research Seminar in American History
Authors: Gerber David A.
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by Gerber.
Museums and Teaching History
Authors: Hensley John
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by Hensley.
Media Review
Authors: Beringer Richard E.
Published: May 2020

Leaders of the 20th Century. 26 videocassettes, each 24 minutes. Film study guides for each film and a companion volume. Available in 1/2" VHS, 1/2" Beta I or II, and 3/4" U-Matic. Order from Learning Corporation of America, 108 Wilmot Road, Deerfield, IL 60015. 1-800-621-2121. $89 per unit ($79 per unit if order ten or more). Review by Richard E. Beringer of the University of North Dakota.
Sampling World History Textbooks
Authors: McDonald Archie P. , Grant H. Roger , Lindsay Robert
Published: May 2020

Review essay of Anthony Esler. The Human Venture. Vol. I: The Great Enterprise, A World History to 1500. Vol. II: The Globe Encompassed, A World History since 1500. Englewood Cliffs NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1986. Pp. xii, 340; xii, 399. Paper, $25.33 each volume. Instructor's manual available; William H. McNeill. A History of the Human Community. Second edition. Vol. 1: Prehistory to 1500. Vol. II: 1500 to the Present. Englewood Cliffs NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1987. Pp. xii, 474; xii, 430. paper, $25.00 each volume.
Clothbound combined edition, $36.00; Peter N. Stearns. World History: Patterns of Change and Continuity. New York: Harper and Row, 1987. Pp. x, 598. $25.95. Instructor's manual available. Essay by Stephen S. Gosch of the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire.
Historical Computing
Authors: Schick James B. M.
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by Schick.
Immigration and Ethnicity in American History College Textbooks
Authors: Moses L. G. , Lubick George M.
Published: May 2020

Published in Teaching History by Moses and Lubick.
Athens vs. Sparta
Authors: Salisbury Joyce E.
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by Salisbury.
Effects of Image Upload on Social Media as Media Promotion in Journal Publishers
Authors: Rahardja Untung , Wulandari Ani , Hardini Marviola
Published: May 2020

Digital content is content in various formats, whether written, image, video, audio or combination so that it can be read, displayed or played by a computer and easily sent or hared through digital media. Digital content has abundant benefits, especially in the field of promotion. Where when a place of business or a body wants to introduce a product or service that is owned, it definitely requires content such as images as a promotional media. However, if you have to distribute posters to everyone you meet, it is not in line with current technological advancements because you are still using a conventional process. Therefore, to overcome this problem, social media can be used to process digital content easily and quickly. In this study, there are 3 (three) problems that will be overcome by 2 (two) methods, and 3 (three) solutions are produced. The advantage of digital content in social media is that it can be accessed anytime and anywhere, so it is concluded that the use of digital content in social media is able to overcome problems and is a creativepreneur effort found in the promotion system of a journal publisher.

 

Keywords—Digital Content, Creativepreneur, ATT Journal, Social Media
REKONSTRUKSI RONGGENG MELAYU DI SUMATERA UTARA (1992-2016)
Authors: Namira Namira yasmin , Hadi Sutrisno Imam , Harahap Hanif
Published: May 2020

Kesenian Ronggeng Melayu salah satu kesenian melayu yang ada di Tanah Deli. Ronggeng Melayu  berkembang pada masa Kesultanan Deli dan Kesultanan Serdang, Seiring perkembangan zaman kesenian ini semakin tidak banyak dikenal oleh masyarakat. Bahkan kesenian Ronggeng Melayu dianggap mati suri. Pada tahun 2016-2017 para seniman Ronggeng Melayu berupaya untuk merekonstruksi kesenian Ronggeng Melayu Di Medan. Para seniman yang tergabung dalam Kumpulan Pak Pong merekonstruksi kesenian Ronggeng Melayu Di Medan pada tahun 2017.
Mechanisms of customs formalities in the international transport system
Authors: Piterska V.M.
Published: May 2020

The effective implementation of customs operations is one of the main manifestations of the high degree of development of the logistics system in terms of the formation of an international transport complex while ensuring national security of the state. The technology of customs and transport regulation should ensure the acceleration of goods turnover and passenger traffic, which is one of the main tasks of most customs agencies of foreign countries caused by various integration processes in the field of tourism development, the international distribution of labor, the creation of common labor markets, as well as the organization of an international logistics system. The introduction of balanced, stable technologies of customs control and customs clearance creates the conditions for the stable functioning of the logistics system, its strengthening, helps to accelerate the process of goods distribution, develop the export potential of domestic products, deepen inte-gration in the European and world systems and enhance participation in international customs organizations.
Benchmarking model based on genetic mechanisms in project management
Authors: Chernova L.S.
Published: May 2020

The application of knowledge accumulated in the fundamental mechanisms of wildlife is a global trend in the development of project ma-nagement. This trend requires additional research on the development of exis-ting methodologies, knowledge systems, and genetic mechanisms of project and program management. Convergence (oncoming) of knowledge systems of various branches and benchmarking are mechanisms that transfer knowledge and best practice between domains. The authors proposed a classification of convergence mechanisms for further transfer of knowledge − benchmarking between different domains. Four principles of constructing and developing methodologies for project management based on transfer of knowledge and best practice are formulated. These are the principles of the necessary diversity (Ashby), the coherence of methodologies, convergence, integration and harmonization, the focus on the result and product. They are given basic definitions and application of genetic models in creation of methodologies of project management. The model of application of genetic mechanisms of the matrix model of knowledge (mRNA), models and methods of project management is proposed. The benchmarking model of genetic mechanisms and information in project management is defined as a sequence of matrix RNA processing steps. The following steps that are described in the interpretation of project management methodologies are initiation, transcription, processing and transport, translation, splicing, modification, product formation, and termination. Considered approach has a significant impact on the development of the competence of project managers, taking into account the creation and production of fundamentally new knowledge and management mechanisms.
Economic aspekts of interaction of individual and society in informative society
Authors: Vityuk N.V. , Mashin B.N.
Published: May 2020

The economic aspects of relations between an individual and society as the core of development of information society consisting of two new classes − netocrats and consumers are analyzed. The dual attitude of netocrats to scientists is noted. Different approaches to the problem of «planned obsolescence» of household objects are considered. It is emphasized that consumption stimulated by the aggressive impact of information technologies on people depresses their lives, thus destroying the environment. It is concluded that active online advertising attracts individuals to the rows of the consumer. The control over personal data of the computer can turn into a system of estimates of an individual's loyalty.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS AND PREVALENCE OF ASTHMA AMONG CHILDREN: A REVIEW
Authors: Agarkov N. M. , Poshibailova A. V. , Ivanov V. A.
Published: May 2020

Asthma is a common and severe pathology in children with a potential for life-threatening complications. The development of asthma in childhood is determined by a complex interplay between various aetiological factors. Air pollution is one of the most important environmental factors contributing to the development of asthma in children. This review summarizes the available evidence on the impact of air pollution on the prevalence of asthma among children in different countries. The increase in the prevalence of asthma in childhood correlates with the concentrations of particulate matter
The box-balance model: a new tool to assess fish larval survival, applied to field data on two small pelagic fish
Authors: Raya V , Salat J , Sabatés A
Published: May 2020

This work develops a new method, the box-balance model (BBM), to assess the role of hydrodynamic structures in the survival of fish larvae. The BBM was applied in the northwest Mediterranean to field data, on 2 small pelagic fish species whose larvae coexist in summer: Engraulis encrasicolus, a dominant species, and Sardinella aurita, which is expanding northwards in relation to sea warming. The BBM allows one to quantify the contribution of circulation, with significant mesoscale activity, to the survival of fish larvae, clearly separating the effect of transport from biological factors. It is based on comparing the larval abundances at age found in local target areas, associated with the mesoscale structures (boxes), to those predicted by the overall mortality rate of the population in the region. The application of the BBM reveals that dispersion/retention by hydrodynamic structures favours the survival of E. encrasicolus larvae. In addition, since larval growth and mortality rates of the species are required parameters for application of the BBM, we present their estimates for S. aurita in the region for the first time. Although growth and mortality rates found for S. aurita are both higher than for E. encrasicolus, their combined effect confers a lower survival to S. aurita larvae. Thus, although the warming trend in the region would contribute to the expansion of the fast-growing species S. aurita, we can confirm that E. encrasicolus is well established, with a better adapted survival strategy.
Salvia modesta Boiss. (Lamiaceae) - New Species for the Azerbaijan Flora
Authors: Ibadullayeva S. , Alakbarov R.
Published: May 2020

New for the flora of Azerbaijan species Salvia modesta Boiss. Was found for the first time during the expeditions in the vicinity of Agbulag, Kyulyus, Bicheneg (Batabat plateau) villages of Shahbuz district of Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan under floristic, geobotanical and ethnobotanical studies. Bioecological and phytocenological features of the species were studied, and location coordinates were determined.
Morphofunctional Characteristic of Rat Pancreas in Experimental Hyperglycemia Using Food Sugar
Authors: Shidakov Yu. , Sharova E. , Abdumalikova I.
Published: May 2020

Experimental modeling of diabetes mellitus, caused by exposure to alloxan, streptozotocin, dithizone in various dosages and the frequency of administration, is not entirely equivalent in etiopathogenetic mechanisms to the development of this pathology in humans. Of great interest are diet-induced modeling of the pathological process. One of the most important and affordable glucose donors is food sugar (sucrose). In order to study the development of diabetes mellitus in rats with food sugar, 2 groups of animals were formed: control (standard food) and experimental (food sugar), which were taken blood for biochemical studies after 2 weeks, and a month later histological preparations of the pancreas were selected. With the systematic intake of excessive amounts of edible sugar, after 2 weeks there was an increase in blood glucose by 25%, while at the same time, cholesterol increased by 3 times. After a month of research, carbohydrate degeneration of the pancreas is observed, combined with vacuole organ dystrophy and the development of foci of necrosis and sclerosis. Feeding rats for a month with food sugar can serve as an experimental model of carbohydrate pancreatic dystrophy.
Clinical Features of Reiter’s Syndrome in Children
Authors: Sayakbekov K. , Saatova G. , Maimerova G.
Published: May 2020

The clinical features of articular syndrome and extra-articular manifestations in children with Reiter’s syndrome (illness) were studied. Reiter’s syndrome in childhood has some features of the course and development of the disease. In childhood, asymmetry of lesions of the joints of the lower extremities with early involvement of small feet joints in the process, possible flushing of the skin over the affected joints, intense pain, rare involvement in the process of the hip joints, lumbar spine and unilateral sacroiliitis is characteristic. Extraarticular manifestations proceeded often erased, and sometimes were not determined at all. Relapses and a chronic course are not excluded.
Infection With X and Y Viruses of Planting Material of Potato Varieties (Solanum tuberosum L.) Grown in the Perm Krai
Authors: Pechenkina V. , Boronnikova S.
Published: May 2020

Monitoring of potato varieties phytosanitary status is a necessary measure of its stable yield, since due to the vegetative propagation method, the accumulation of viruses increases over generations. Fourteen varieties of Solanum tuberosum L. grown in the Perm Territory were studied for infection with the potato viruses PVX (X) and PVY (Y). Among them six (Rosara, Impala, Aladdin, Lady Claire, Gala, Madeira) are varieties of foreign selection, and 8 varieties (Golubizna, Udacha, Krasavchik, Charodei, Nevsky, Otrada, Tescha, Elizaveta) — domestic selection. Real-time PCR method was used for material investigation, since it allows quick and efficient evaluation of plant material for the presence of viral infection. During real-time PCR Y potato virus was detected in all 90 samples of 14 studied potato varieties from three storage locations. Potato X virus was detected in 54 samples of 11 studied potato varieties from three different storage locations. It was established that the studied planting material of all 14 varieties of potatoes is infected with the Y virus, which affects crop yields to a greater extent. Private households are most susceptible to infection of planting material with X and Y potato viruses. Recommendations are given on reducing the viral diseases of potato planting material.
Influence of Fertilization on Gray-Brown Soils on Change of Food Mode in Soil Under Winter Wheat
Authors: Guliyeva R.
Published: May 2020

The article shows the influence of mineral and organic fertilizer norms on gray–brown soils and changes in the nutritional regime in winter wheat soils under irrigation in the Ganja–Gazakh region. It was found that the application of mineral and organic fertilizers for winter wheat in gray–brown soils significantly affected the change in the nutrient regime of the soil, significantly increasing the amount of nutrients easily absorbed by plants in the plowed and subsoil layers of the soil, as compared to the control (unfertilized) option, effective fertility increased, which in turn had a significant impact on productivity. At the end of the growing season, depending on the norm of mineral fertilizers in the soil layer 0–60 cm, ammonia nitrogen is 13.1–14.1, nitrate nitrogen is 7.2–7.4, mobile phosphorus is 7.0–8.0 and exchangeable potassium — 15.6–19.2 mg/kg, depending on the rate of organic fertilizers at the end of the growing season, ammonia nitrogen 12.6-–13.7, nitrate nitrogen 5.3–5.7, mobile phosphorus 6.2–6.6 and metabolic potassium while it increased by 20.4–21.2 mg/kg.
Basic Stages of Reconstruction in Building
Authors: Grigorenko A. , Gandilyan D.
Published: May 2020

The reconstruction of buildings and their stages are considered. The process is aimed at changing the characteristics of the structure, its layout and purpose. This is a complex procedure that requires a certain amount of time and training to complete it. It is necessary to take into account all the factors that can affect it, to prepare and implement the project itself.
Need for Medium-term Planning of the State Budget in the Modernization of the Economy
Authors: Karimov B.
Published: May 2020

The article reveals the advantages and disadvantages of using medium-term planning of the state budget in the practice of foreign countries. The importance of medium-term planning of the state budget is justified in order to implement state priorities, minimize costs and increase the efficiency of budget expenditures.
Scientific Theory of Brands, Branding and Rebranding (Brandology) and the Tasks of Its Practical Use in Organizations
Authors: Glushchenko V.
Published: May 2020

Article performs a scientific theory of brands, branding and rebranding (brandology) and the task of its practical use in organizations; the object of the article is dedicated to the post-industrial organizations; the aim is to increase the efficiency of the process of creating brands, branding and rebranding of post-industrial organizations; to achieve this goal, solved the following tasks: examines the value of brands, branding and rebranding in the management of a modern organization; study of the functions and roles of branding and rebranding organizations; the scientific theory of brands, branding and rebranding (brandology) is developed; the description of the philosophy, ideology, and policy of forming branding systems and rebranding projects; the formation of a criteria basis for evaluating the effectiveness of brands, branding and rebranding; research methods in the article are the methodology of science, analysis, synthesis, forecasting, and research operations; scientific novelty of the article is that it further develops methodological principles of the scientific theory of branding and rebranding, the steps in the formation of brand management and/or project of rebranding of post-industrial organizations, a description of the criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of branding and rebranding projects organizations.
Ensuring Sustainability of Enterprises Making Construction Materials
Authors: Najimov I.
Published: May 2020

In the innovative development of the economy of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, the building materials industry has a special priority. The paper considers the most important factors for the sustainable development of this industry. It is determined that it is the basis for subsequent work to ensure the effective innovative development of enterprises in the industry under study.
Mass Riots in the Current Socio-Political Situation of the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Danilov S.
Published: May 2020

In the article, the author considers the main prerequisites and socio-political factors that influence the increase in the overall criminality of the situation in the republic and cause the occurrence of riots. The author on the basis of the criminal law characteristics of mass riots draws conclusions regarding domestic risks that can increase the likelihood of mass riots and increase their public danger.
Penerapan Metode Certainty Factor Untuk Menetukan Penyakit Katarak Penyebab Kebutaan
Authors: Utami Dian Kartika , Permadi Muidz , Zuairiah Tjut Awaliyah
Published: May 2020

Mata merupakan bagian dari salah satu indra pada tubuh manusia yang paling sensitif. Mata rentan terhadap penyakit. Katarak adalah salah satu penyakit mata yang paling banyak menyebabkan kebutaan di Indonesia ataupun di negara lain. Katarak ini ditandai dengan adanya kekeruhan pada lensa mata. Banyak sekali masyarakat di negara kita yang tidak mengetahui gejala awal dan jenis-jenis penyakit katarak yang dideritanya. Adapun inferensi yang akan digunakan untuk mendiagnosa penyakit katarak ini yaitu Certainty Factor. Penerapan metode Certainty Factor bertujuan untuk melakukan sebuah penalaran dalam menghasilkan sebuah kesimpulan akhir dan menghasilkan nilai keyakinan yang didapat dari hasil perhitungan bobot dari masing-masing gejala. Hasil dari validasi yang sudah dilakukan didapat nilai akurasi pada metode certainty factor yaitu sebesar 93%. Selain melihat dari tingkat akurasi bisa dilihat juga pada uji coba penilaian Sensitivity dan Specificity bahwa metode Certainty Factor lebih banyak mendiagnosa jenis penyakit katarak yang sesuai dengan keyakinan pakar.