bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combined Method for the Synthesis of Ultrafine Powder Carbides of W, Ti, V
Authors: Nikolaenko Irina V. , Shveykin Gennadii P.
Published: March 2017

In this work we propose a new method for synthesis of ultrafine powders of tungsten, titanium and vanadium carbides combining two methods – liquid-phase precipitation on carbon substrate and low-temperature microwave heat treatment in argon stream. An entire spectrum of intermediates obtained by thermolysis, reduction and carbonization of precursors, as well as the final products has been presented. As a result of sample assessment, the phase composition, structure, morphology and particle size, as well as the size of specific surface areas have been determined.
Effect of Nanotechnology on Physical Properties of Concrete
Authors: Remache Leila , Djermane Nacerddine
Published: March 2017

The focus of this paper is the study of effect of nanotechnology on the concrete. It shows that:The control of moisture in buildings is key to their durability, functionality, health and efficiency. Concrete which is thoroughly soaked with water is less rigid in compression than concrete with is thoroughly dried out. Use of nano SiO2 could significantly increase the compressive for concrete, containing large volume fly ash, at early age and improve size distribution. The self-healing polymer could be especially applicable to fix the microcraking in bridge, piers and columns. With the hycrete waterproofing system, concrete is batched with hycrete liquid admixture to achieve hydrophobic performance. Concrete treated by hycrete shows less than 1% absorption. This product has positive effects on the environment. Green additive has lower cost than the materials they replace. Finally, two solutions are given to have appropriate material behavior: nanotechnology and green additive.
Roof Forms and Materials for Energy Saving in Thailand
Authors: Boonyaputthipong Chumnan
Published: March 2017

A roof is one of the most important characteristics of Thai architecture especially, a traditional Thai house. The roof is also a part of a house that mainly affects energy saving due to hot air allowance pass to and release from indoor space. The study, based on model experiments, aims to find out the effect of roof forms and materials on indoor air temperatures. This study purposes to give information of selecting types of roof forms and materials for a house in Thailand. Four types of roof forms, typically used in a house in Thailand, are selected for the experiments. Also, four roof materials, popularly used in Thailand, are selected for comparisons. Temperatures in the middle of the boxes are recorded for analysis.The results for the roof forms experiment showed that the temperature in the flat roof box is the highest in the middle of the day. However, it dropped fastest in night-time. During the daytime, temperatures in the box of the other roof forms are not much different, while the temperatures in the gable roof model dropped likely faster than the rest. The roof materials study shown that the indoor temperatures of the clay tile and metal sheet are lowest during the daytime and there are highest during the nighttime. The indoor temperatures of the cement tile are highest during the day time and there are lowest during the nighttime. This study provides the basic guideline information for the users in considering roof forms and materials for their house.
Cell-Specific Variation in E-Selectin Ligand Expression among Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: Implications for Immunosurveillance and Pathobiology
Authors: Silva Mariana , Fung Ronald Kam Fai , Donnelly Conor Brian , Videira Paula Alexandra , Sackstein Robert
Published: March 2017

Both host defense and immunopathology are shaped by the ordered recruitment of circulating leukocytes to affected sites, a process initiated by binding of blood-borne cells to E-selectin displayed at target endothelial beds. Accordingly, knowledge of the expression and function of leukocyte E-selectin ligands is key to understanding the tempo and specificity of immunoreactivity. In this study, we performed E-selectin adherence assays under hemodynamic flow conditions coupled with flow cytometry and Western blot analysis to elucidate the function and structural biology of glycoprotein E-selectin ligands expressed on human PBMCs. Circulating monocytes uniformly express high levels of the canonical E-selectin binding determinant sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) and display markedly greater adhesive interactions with E-selectin than do circulating lymphocytes, which exhibit variable E-selectin binding among CD4+ and CD8+ T cells but no binding by B cells. Monocytes prominently present sLeX decorations on an array of protein scaffolds, including P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1, CD43, and CD44 (rendering the E-selectin ligands cutaneous lymphocyte Ag, CD43E, and hematopoietic cell E-selectin/L-selectin ligand, respectively), and B cells altogether lack E-selectin ligands. Quantitative PCR gene expression studies of glycosyltransferases that regulate display of sLeX reveal high transcript levels among circulating monocytes and low levels among circulating B cells, and, commensurately, cell surface α(1,3)-fucosylation reveals that acceptor sialyllactosaminyl glycans convertible into sLeX are abundantly expressed on human monocytes yet are relatively deficient on B cells. Collectively, these findings unveil distinct cell-specific patterns of E-selectin ligand expression among human PBMCs, indicating that circulating monocytes are specialized to engage E-selectin and providing key insights into the molecular effectors mediating recruitment of these cells at inflammatory sites.
Self-reported outcomes of aural rehabilitation for adult hearing aid users in a developing South African context
Authors: Pienaar Elaine , Stearn Natalie , Swanepoel De Wet
Published: March 2017

Hearing impairment has far reaching consequences for affected individuals, in terms of quality of life indicators. In a developing South African context the hearing impaired population is faced with limited aural rehabilitation services. This study evaluated self-reported outcomes of aural rehabilitation in a group of adults in the public healthcare sector with a standardized outcomes measurement tool (IOI-HA). Sixty-one respondents participated (44% males; 56% females), with a mean age of 69.7 years. Results revealed that the majority of respondents experienced favourable outcomes in all domains of the inventory comprising of: daily use of hearing aids, benefits provided by hearing aids, residual activity limitation, satisfaction with hearing aids, residual participation restriction, impact of hearing difficulties on others, and changes in quality of life. Statistically significant relationships were obtained between the daily use of hearing aids, the degree of hearing loss, and the type of hearing aids fitted, as well as the benefits received from hearing aids in difficult listening environments (p < 0.05). Despite challenges of developing contexts, the mean scores distribution compared positively to similar reports from developed countries. Outcomes of improved quality of life emphasize the importance of providing affordable hearing aids and services to all hearing impaired individuals in South Africa.
Development of semantic processes for academic language in foundation phase EAL learners
Authors: Jordaan Heila Letitia
Published: March 2017

It is widely acknowledged that language competence is central to educational success, primarily because literacy is inherently a language based activity. Vocabulary knowledge specifically, plays an important role in the acquisition of reading comprehension skills. Language in education practice in South Africa is currently highly controversial as the implementation of home language or bilingual instruction policies has not been achieved in many schools. The aim of this study was to investigate the development of language skills in foundation phase English Additional Language (EAL) learners attending schools where English is the language of learning and teaching. A three year longitudinal investigation of the acquisition of processes underlying language for academic purposes was undertaken using the semantic subtests of the Developmental Evaluation of Language Variation Criterion Referenced Edition (Seymour, Roeper, and De Villiers, 2003). The results indicated that the majority of EAL learners improved with increased exposure to English in the academic environment and by the time they were in grade 3, were performing at a higher level than English First Language learners in grade 2. However, the effects of this protracted period of development on literacy attainment should be investigated. The significant individual variation in the learners’ performance has implications for assessment and instruction of EAL learners and for the collaborative role of teachers and speech language therapists in the education system.
Configurations of self-identity formations of adults who stutter
Authors: Kathard Harsha , Norman Vivienne , Pillay Mershen
Published: March 2017

The aims of this paper are twofold: Firstly, to describe the configuration of self-identity formations evident across and within research stories of adults living with stuttering; and secondly, to discuss the clinical implications of these findings. The study on which this paper is based used life history narratives to describe the types, processes and configurations of self-identity formations of adults who stuttered since childhood. Through open-ended, in-depth interviews 7 participants shared their experiences of living with stuttering. The interviews were analysed at a first level using narrative analysis and at a second level to further describe the types, processes and configurations of self-identity formations evident in the stories. The findings on configurations of self-identity formations were that the two types of self-identity formations Able and DisOther were present in singular and dual configurations. The dual self-identity formations occurred in co-existing, competing and coalescing relationships within particular time periods in their stories. The clinical implications of the findings are discussed.
Comparison of post menopausal voice changes across professional and non-professional users of the voice
Authors: Sovani Pallavi Vishwas , Mukundan Dr. Geetha
Published: March 2017

Menopause effects a permanent change in certain body functions, one of them being voice. Moreover, if the voice is used continuously as a part of one’s occupation, this may further impact postmenopausal voice changes. The present study investigated the impact of menopause and professional voice use, and their interaction effect, on the voice. 92 women were classified into reproductive (52) and postmenopausal (40). Each group was divided into Level II (teachers) and Level IV (clerks) of Koufman and Isaacson’s (1991) classification. Acoustic parameters were analyzed using the VisiPitch III software. Aerodynamic parameters were manually calculated. The VHI (Voice Handicap Index) was also included to improve the face validity of the study. Results suggest that Fo, SFo and MPT reduce post menopause while NHR and VTI increase. Some changes are accelerated in teachers as compared to clerks while some are decelerated. VHI scores of teachers are significantly greater than clerks, though not significantly different across menopause. Thus the presence or absence of voice use in one’s profession differentially affects postmenopausal changes. The study has implications in improving the condition of teachers in India, developing norms for menopausal changes and modifying allowable limits for voice recognition systems in future.
How can speech-language therapists and audiologists enhance language and literacy outcomes in South Africa? (And why we urgently need to)
Authors: Kathard Harsha , Ramma Lebogang , Pascoe Michelle , Jordaan Heila , Moonsamy Sharon , Wium Anna-Marie , Du Plessis Sandra , Pottas Lidia , Khan Nasim Banu
Published: March 2017

Basic education in South Africa faces a crisis as learners fail to achieve the necessary outcomes in the related areas of language and literacy. The aims of this paper are twofold. Firstly, we aim to describe and discuss the education crisis by outlining the educational landscape, relevant policy imperatives and implementation challenges in post-apartheid education. The systemic factors contributing to the literacy crisis are emphasised. Secondly, we argue that speech language therapists and audiologists (SLTAs) have a role to play in supporting basic education in South Africa through developing language and literacy. It is suggested that the professions of speech-language pathology and audiology must be socially responsive and population-focused in order to make meaningful contributions to development in South Africa. The potential roles of SLTAs are discussed with suggestions for further actions required by the professions to enable a contextually relevant practice in a resource-constrained environment.
Evaluation of a programme to support foundation-phase teachers to facilitate literacy
Authors: Wium Anna-Maria , Louw Brenda , Eloff Irma
Published: March 2017

Learners who do not develop adequate listening and language skills during their early years are at risk of academic failure and early drop-out. Future learning problems may be prevented by supporting these children in the foundation phase to overcome their developmental delays. A continued professional development (CPD) programme was developed to support foundation-phase teachers to facilitate literacy. The theoretical basis for the workshop material was the articulation between an auditory processing model, a language processing model, and literacy. The focus of this article is on the qualitative findings obtained from the literacy component of a more comprehensive CPD programme that covered several topics. The research was conducted as action research cycles across two contexts (a semi-rural and an urban-township context) and included 96 participants. This article explores how the teachers implemented the strategies to facilitate literacy in their classrooms and the benefits obtained from it. Data were collected by means of questionnaires, self-reflections and focus groups, as well as a research diary and field notes. The results revealed that the strategies trained were implemented in the classrooms and were valued by the participants. Those who participated in critical reflection felt that they had developed competence and professional growth. Challenges identified included the language used in the support provided, which had an impact on phonological awareness training, and the use of terminology. The importance of collaboration was emphasised. The participants gained in the sense that they learnt how to implement the assessment standards in the curriculum, and learners benefited from the new strategies as they could all participate in the activities. The research confirmed the value of teacher support in the facilitation of literacy, which highlights the role of speech-language therapists working in school contexts.
Clinical signs and symptoms of tinnitus in temporomandibular joint disorders: A pilot study comparing patients and non-patients
Authors: Kanji Amisha , Khoza-Shangase Katijah
Published: March 2017

Background: Tinnitus is one of the otologic symptoms commonly reported to be associated with temporomandibular disorder (TMD), and questions regarding its nature and cause continue to plague the clinical and research community.Objectives: The current pilot study aimed to investigate the clinical signs and symptoms of presenting tinnitus in a group of individuals with TMD (group A), and compare them with a group with tinnitus but without TMD (group B). Twenty participants were included in the study, 10 from each group.Methods: All participants underwent basic audiological as well as ear, nose and throat (ENT) evaluations to establish group A and group B. For tinnitus assessment, all participants completed a tinnitus survey questionnaire, and their tinnitus was evaluated using tinnitus matching procedures.Results: Findings revealed clinically relevant differences in attributes of tinnitus in patients with and without TMD. Most of the participants in group A matched their tinnitus to a 6 000 Hz tone or noise, at lower intensity levels than participants in group B, although these results were not statistically significant. Participants in group A associated their tinnitus with a single sound whereas some participants in group B associated it with more than one sound. More participants in group B reported the duration of their tinnitus as constant.Conclusions: Tinnitus may occur in patients with TMD, and be of high frequency. This highlights the importance of thorough assessment for patients with tinnitus as this might have implications for diagnosis and management.
A case of abdominal pain and abnormal location of gallstone diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound
Authors: Choudhary Narendra Singh , Puri Rajesh , Bansal Rinkesh Kumar , Nasa Mukesh
Published: March 2017

A 50‑year‑old male came to us with pain abdomen; endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) made a diagnosis of cholecystoduodenal fistula which was later on confirmed on gastroscopy and surgery. We present interesting images of EUS; a calculus is visualized outside gallbladder with inflammatory changes of duodenal wall.
Endoscopic ultrasound diagnosis of hydatid membranes in nonobstructive biliary system
Authors: Chandra Sharad , Chandra Urvashi , Puri Rajesh
Published: March 2017

Biliary communication in hepatic hydatid cyst is reported in 1–20% of patients. These patients present with fever (70–90%), right upper quadrant pain (80%), cholangitis (20–37%), acute pancreatitis (rare), liver abscess, and septicemia. Diagnosis of biliary rupture is on abdominal ultrasound, computerized tomography, and/or magnetic resonance imaging demonstration of hydatid membranes. We report a case of rupture hydatid cyst where diagnosis was on endosonographic findings and the patient had normal caliber common bile duct.
Endoscopic features of gastrointestinal tuberculosis and crohn’s disease
Authors: Moka Praneeth , Ahuja Vineet , Makharia Govind K.
Published: March 2017

Endoscopic examination of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract plays a very important role in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and intestinal tuberculosis (TB). The clinical, morphological, and histological features of GI TB and CD are so similar that it becomes difficult to differentiate between these two entities. In geographical regions such as India where both GI TB and CD are prevalent, differential diagnosis between the two is challenging. While there is a lot of similarities between these two disorders, these two can be differentiated from each other with a combination of clinical, endoscopic, histological, radiological, and endoscopic features. The observation of the characteristic lesions at endoscopic examination and the extent of involvement in CD and intestinal TB is an important step in differentiation between these two disorders. While the most important endoscopic characteristics such as involvement of left side of the colon and presence of longitudinal ulcerations and cobblestoning support a diagnosis of CD, predominant involvement of ileocecal region and transverse ulcers support the diagnosis of intestinal TB. In this review, we have described the usefulness and limitations of endoscopic modalities in the diagnosis and differentiation of intestinal TB and CD.
Additive Maps on Units of Rings
Authors: Košan Tamer , Sahinkaya Serap , Zhou Yiqiang
Published: March 2017

Let R be a ring. A map f: R → R is additive if f(a + b) = f(a) + f(b) for all elements a and b of R. Here, a map f: R → R is called unit-additive if f(u + v) = f(u) + f(v) for all units u and v of R. Motivated by a recent result of Xu, Pei and Yi showing that, for any field F, every unit-additive map of (F) is additive for all n ≥ z, this paper is about the question of when every unit-additivemap of a ring is additive. It is proved that every unit-additivemap of a semilocal ring R is additive if and only if either R has no homomorphic image isomorphic to or R/J(R) ≅ with 2 = 0 in R. Consequently, for any semilocal ring R, every unit-additive map of (R) is additive for all n ≥ 2. These results are further extended to rings R such that R/J(R) is a direct product of exchange rings with primitive factors Artinian. A unit-additive map f of a ring R is called unithomomorphic if f(uv) = f(u)f(v) for all units u, v of R. As an application, the question of when every unit-homomorphic map of a ring is an endomorphism is addressed.
Vulnerable Road User Safety Message Minimum Performance Requirements
Authors:   V2X Vehicular Applications Technical Committee
Published: March 2017

This document provides recommendations of safety message minimum performance requirements between a Vulnerable Road User (VRU) and a vehicle. It addresses the transmission of Personal Safety Messages (PSM) from road user devices carried by pedestrians, bicycle riders and public safety personnel, to provide driver and vehicle system awareness and potentially offer safety alerts to VRUs.

This document includes the recommendation of standards profiles, function descriptions and minimum performance requirements for transmitting the SAE J2735-defined PSM [1] over a Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) Wireless communication link as defined in the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 1609 and the IEEE 802.11 Standards [[1]]-[5]]. While other wireless media may be used to deliver the PSM, DSRC is explicitly assumed in this document, because of anticipated regulatory ruling in the United States and other countries requiring vehicles to be equipped with a DSRC-based safety system using V2V communication.

This recommended practice is limited at this time to communications between the VRU device carried by walking pedestrians and DSRC equipped vehicles. Later versions may incorporate improvements based on field experience with this recommended practice and may include other provisions for communicating with other DSRC equipped devices, and with other VRUs.
The Nature of Public University Autonomy in Determining Its Size, Rate of Growth and Expansion: A Case of Kyambogo University
Authors: Lubega George William Kajura , Segawa Hamza Ahmed , Tukamuheebwa Win Hope , Kimoga Joseph
Published: March 2017

University autonomy is very crucial in the determination of an institution’s size, its rate of growth and expansion. This study was conducted at Kyambogo University. The purpose was to establish the nature of institutional autonomy in determining the size, rate of growth and expansion of Kyambogo University. The paper analysed the nature of institutional autonomy with regard to students’ enrolment, staffing levels, infrastructure, facilities, financial resources, policy framework, university’s partnerships and response to global trends. The study concluded that institutional autonomy is challenged by government established bodies and entities because government plays a central role in regulating the institutional autonomy of higher education institutions in terms of size, growth and expansion. The study recommended that the university should be mindful of this challenge when considering size, rate of growth and expansion, that government mainly plays a supervisory role to the university and the university in bid to enjoy a high degree of autonomy, management should move away from the traditional methods of generating income and become entrepreneurial.
ANALÝZA LABORATORNÍCH HODNOT RADIOAKTIVITY HORNIN NA MAPOVÉM LISTU 15-11 ZLATÉ HORY
Authors: Zimák Jiří
Published: March 2017

Natural radioactive elements (potassium, uranium and thorium) abundances were measured in 769 samples of metamorphic and igneous rocks and pre-Cenozoic sedimentary rocks from all geological units on the map sheet 15-11 Zlaté Hory, using a laboratory gamma-ray spectrometer. Metamorphic rocks belong to two geological units of the Silesicum: to the Vrbno Group (a volcanosedimentary complex composed mainly of phyllites, quartzites, amphibolites, greenschists, acid to intermediate metavolcanites and their metatuff s) and the Desná Group (metagranites and blastomylonites). Unmetamorphosed pre-Cenozoic sedimentary rocks are represented by three Variscan flysch formations – the Andělská Hora, Horní Benešov, and Moravice Fms. (rocks of the first formation are unmetamorphosed to anchimetamorphosed), only in small areas by Cretaceous sandstones of the Peruc-Korycany Formation and Devonian limestones of the Líšeň Formation. Unmetamorphosed magmatites are represented by granitoids, lamprophyres andmicrogabbro. From calculated values of mass activity of 226Ra equivalent it is evident that natural radioactivity of most of the studied rocks is low. Slightly increased mass activity values were found in feldspar-rich quartzites (186 Bq.kg-1 on average), metakeratophyres (200 Bq.kg-1) and felsic metatuff s (229 Bq.kg-1) of the Vrbno Group.
SROVNÁVACÍ STUDIE POVRCHU KŘEMENNÝCH ZRN NA LOKALITÁCH JIŽNÍ A JIHOVÝCHODNÍ MORAVY
Authors: Šušolová Jana , Králová Veronika , Hadacz Roman , Dundek Peter , Volařík Daniel
Published: March 2017

Between 2013–2014, archeological researches at the Mikulčice site were performed. During these researches, necessity of a quartz grains surface study in the Moravian Sahara arose. There is a significant archaeological monument situated near the village of Mikulčice – a Slavic settlement, whose youngest bedrock is formed by fluvial sediments of extinct riverarms of the river Morava, and sand dunes composed of wind-blown sands of the Moravian Sahara. On these sand dunes, the most important churches and palaces of the settlement are found. The sandy sediments can reach up to 30 m thickness in the area of the Moravian Sahara.Samples of sandy sediments were taken from several locations of this site, and also from several other sites of south Moravia, which are sedimentary genetically different from the studied area. One sample of aeolian sand from the desert Rub-al Khali of Arabian Peninsula was provided for comparison.After gathering this small collection of sand grain samples, they were individually modified to the required study form and analyzed according to the demands of the method of exoscopy. At first, one hundred quartzgrains were separated from each sample of the collection using a stereo microscope. After that a detailed study and imaging with the scanning electronmicroscope (SEM) followed.The collection of sands from Mikulčice of the same genetical origin was compared to other samples of genetically known origin (fluvial, eolian...). The final comparison of all samples was performed by the method of multivariate analysis with NMDS. The results show that development of sediments at the archeological site Mikulčice most probably took place in very similar sedimentary environment. In this environment, the eolian transport and the fluvial transport with lower kinetic energy played important role.
PŮVOD A CHEMICKÉ SLOŽENÍ FLUID POVARISKÉ HYDROTERMÁLNÍ MINERALIZACE NA LOKALITĚ ZLATÝ DŮL U HLUBOČEK (SPODNÍ KARBON NÍZKÉHO JESENÍKU)
Authors: Kotlánová Michaela , Dolníček Zdeněk
Published: March 2017

Origin and chemical composition of fluids of hydrothermal ore veins at historical deposit Zlatý důl near Hlubočky (Lower Carboniferous of the Nízký Jeseník Upland) were studied using petrography, microthermometry and crush-leach analysis of fluid inclusions and analysis of stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon in carbonates, oxygen in quartz and sulphur in sulphides. Studied mineralization has epithermal and partly mesothermal character (Th = < 50 to 293 °C). The H2O-NaCl-CaCl2 system is mostly enclosed in the primary fluid inclusions in minerals of post-Variscan ore veins. These fluids had low to medium homogenization temperatures (68 to 293 °C) and moderate to high salinities (19–27 wt. % NaCl eq.). In contrast, low to moderate salinity (0–10 wt. % NaCl eq.) fluids of the system H2O-NaCl-KCl-(MgCl2-FeCl2) with low homogenization temperatures (< 50 to 110 °C) were enclosed in secondary fluid inclusions. The main source of water was probably evaporated seawater for older fluids. The source of carbon was in carbon of the homogenized Earth’s crust and partly in carbon of organic matter. Meteoric water is the main source for younger fluids. Origin of sulphur of sulphides is in the surrounding Lower Carboniferous sediments (shales). The high content of SO4 in fluids hosted by Fe-rich dolomite suggests the origin of the fluids in the evaporated Permian basins. Studied older quartz-galena vein is probably Variscan in age. Genetically similar mineralization can be found also at other localities in the Moravo-Silesian Lower Carboniferous (Culm, siliciclastics of the Lower Carboniferous age).
ICHNOFOSILIE MYSLEJOVICKÉHO SOUVRSTVÍ DRAHANSKÉHO KULMU (SPODNÍ KARBON, MORAVSKOSLEZSKÁ JEDNOTKA ČESKÉHO MASIVU)
Authors: Kováček Martin , Lehotský Tomáš
Published: March 2017

The research in this study is focused on trace fossils of the Myslejovice Formation, which is one of the lithostratigraphical units in the Lower Carboniferous sequences of the Drahany Culm Basin that belongs to the large area of Rhenohercynian Zone of the Variscan orogenetic flysch belt. Ichnofossils have mainly been collected in the southeastern part, near Vyškov. The material comes from the collection of Mr. Veleslav Lang which is nowadays stored in the Regional Museum of Olomouc. From this collection total 615 specimens in 10 ichnogenera and 13 following ichnospecies were determined and redefi ned: ?Alcyonidiopsis isp., Cosmorhaphe isp., Dictyodora liebeana, Diplocraterion parallelum, Gordia isp., Chondrites cf. intricatus, Chondrites isp., Nereites missouriensis, Nereites isp., Phycosiphon incertum, Planolites beverleyensis, Planolites isp. and Rhizocorallium isp. The revised material comes from the following locations: Opatovice, Habrovany, Hamiltony, Ježkovice, Lhota, Luleč, Myslejovice, Nemojany – Blatická dolina, Nemojany, Otaslavice, Pístovice, Radslavice and Rychtářov. The overall character of ichnoassemblages indicates conditions of Nereites ichnofacies, which is typical for the distal parts of the suprafan turbidite lobes. Compared to other areas of Culm facies in Middle Europe, assemblages of the Myslejovice Formation belong among the less diversified.
Netnografía aplicada en estudios urbanos
Authors: Carmona Gabriela
Published: March 2017

El  incremento del uso de tecnologías digitales en la vida cotidiana, trajo consigo una transformación en los usos, costumbres y formas de socialización de las personas. A partir de ello se ve la necesidad de implementar nuevos métodos de investigación que incluyan estos nuevos hábitos de las personas; se propone, por  tanto la utilización de la netnografía como herramienta de exploración para realizar análisis en asuntos urbanos; específicamente en el estudio de los imaginarios urbanos, es decir, en la parte subjetiva del urbanismo; identificando al imaginario urbano como el fruto de la interacción entre los pensamientos de los habitantes y la ciudad. Esta metodología se aplicó en el estudio respecto a la incorporación del sistema LINT como un sistema de transporte alternativo en el Área Metropolitana de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México, para la cual, además de difundir sus atributos, era necesario identificar los tópicos que, desde la opinión de los ciudadanos, pudieran ser utilizados como elementos persuasivos para una futura inserción.

L'increment de l'ús de tecnologies digitals en la vida quotidiana, va comportar una transformació en els usos, costums i formes de socialització de les persones. A partir d'això es veu la necessitat d'implementar nous mètodes d'investigació que incloguin aquests nous hàbits de les persones; es proposa, per tant la utilització de la netnografia com a eina d'exploració per realitzar anàlisis en assumptes urbans; específicament en l'estudi dels imaginaris urbans, és a dir, a la part subjectiva de l'urbanisme; identificant a l'imaginari urbà com el fruit de la interacció entre els pensaments dels habitants i la ciutat. Aquesta metodología es va aplicar en l'estudi respecte a la incorporació del sistema LINT com un sistema de transport alternatiu a l'Àrea Metropolitana de Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mèxic, per a la qual, a més de difondre els seus atributs, calia identificar els tòpics que, des de la opinió dels ciutadans, poguessin ser utilitzats com a elements persuasius per a una futura inserció.

The increased use of digital technologies in everyday life; brought about a transformation in the uses, customs and ways of socialization of people. From this we see the need to implement new research methods that include these new habits of people; It is therefore proposed the use of Netnography as a screening tool for analysis on urban issues; specifically in the study of urban imaginary, that in the subjective part of urbanism; identifying the urban imaginary as the result of the interaction between the thoughts of the people and the city. This methodology was applied in the study regarding the incorporation of LINT (Lean Intelligent Network Transportation) as an alternative transportation system in the metropolitan area of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico, for which, in addition to disseminating its attributes, it was necessary to identify topics, from the views of citizens, could be used as persuasive elements for future integration.
Soft Tissue Reconstruction of Complete Circumferential Defects of the Upper Extremity
Authors: Ng Zhi Yang , Tan Shaun Shi Yan , Lellouch Alexandre Gaston , Cetrulo Curtis Lisante , Chim Harvey Wei Ming
Published: March 2017

Background Upper extremity soft tissue defects with complete circumferential involvement are not common. Coupled with the unique anatomy of the upper extremity, the underlying etiology of such circumferential soft tissue defects represent additional reconstructive challenges that require treatment to be tailored to both the patient and the wound. The aim of this study is to review the various options for soft tissue reconstruction of complete circumferential defects in the upper extremity.

Methods A literature review of PubMed and MEDLINE up to December 2016 was performed. The current study focuses on forearm and arm defects from the level at or proximal to the wrist and were assessed based on Tajima's classification (J Trauma 1974). Data reviewed for analysis included patient demographics, causality, defect size, reconstructive technique(s) employed, and postoperative follow-up and functional outcomes (when available).

Results In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, 14 unique articles were identified for a total of 50 patients (mean=28.1 years). Underlying etiologies varied from extensive thermal or electrical burns to high impact trauma leading to degloving or avulsion, crush injuries, or even occur iatrogenically after tumor extirpation or extensive debridement. Treatment options ranged from the application of negative pressure wound dressings to the opposite end of the spectrum in hand transplantation.

Conclusions With the evolution of reconstructive techniques over time, the extent of functional and aesthetic rehabilitation of these complex upper extremity injuries has also improved. The proposed management algorithm comprehensively addresses the inherent challenges associated with these complex cases.
Peroneal Flap: Clinical Application and Cadaveric Study
Authors: Ha Yooseok , Yeo Kwan Koo , Piao Yibo , Oh Sang-Ha
Published: March 2017

Background The goal of this study was to investigate the anatomy of the peroneal artery and its perforators, and to report the clinical results of reconstruction with peroneal artery perforator flaps.

Methods The authors dissected 4 cadaver legs and investigated the distribution, course, origin, number, type, and length of the perforators. Peroneal artery perforator flap surgery was performed on 29 patients.

Results We identified 19 perforators in 4 legs. The mean number of perforators was 4.8 per leg, and the mean length was 4.8 cm. Five perforators were found proximally, 9 medially, and 5 distally. We found 12 true septocutaneous perforators and 7 musculocutaneous perforators. Four emerged from the posterior tibia artery, and 15 were from the peroneal artery. The peroneal artery perforator flap was used in 29 patients. Retrograde island peroneal flaps were used in 8 cases, anterograde island peroneal flaps in 5 cases, and free peroneal flaps in 16 cases. The mean age was 59.9 years, and the defect size ranged from 2.0 cm×4.5 cm to 8.0 cm×8.0 cm. All the flaps survived. Five flaps developed partial skin necrosis. In 2 cases, a split-thickness skin graft was performed, and the other 3 cases were treated without any additional procedures.

Conclusions The peroneal artery perforator flap is a good alternative for the reconstruction of soft tissue defects, with a constant and reliable vascular pedicle, thin and pliable skin, and the possibility of creating a composite tissue flap.
An Innovative Scalp-Dyeing Technique with Gentian Violet Solution During Follicular Unit Extraction for White-Haired Follicular Units
Authors: Moon Min Seon , Choi Jong Pil
Published: March 2017

There exist some restrictions and difficulties in performing follicular unit extraction (FUE) in white-haired patients, for several reasons. In this paper, we introduce a novel technique for visualizing white hair during the punching procedure and graft preparation in FUE for white-haired patients. In white-haired older male patients, we dyed the surrounding scalp skin purple with a gentian violet solution-stained toothpick. Our method has several advantages: surgeons can easily focus on the center of the follicular unit and rapidly perform punching, they can recognize the condition of the harvested follicular units during FUE, and the hair transplant team can secure a clear view for trimming and loading into the implanter. We suggest that scalp dyeing in difficult FUE procedures, especially in patients with white hair, may be a simple method that provides a good visualization for donor site harvesting and for microdissection.
Estudio e identificación de las encuadernaciones de tipo imperio del siglo XIX de la Real Academia de la Historia
Authors: Massó Valdés Juan Bautista , Carpallo Bautista Antonio
Published: March 2017

A finales del siglo XVIII se produce en la encuadernación un cambio desde el punto de vista decorativo predominando las estructuras formadas por ruedas dentro del movimiento neoclásico, dando lugar a primeros del siglo XIX al estilo imperio, con variantes como el estilo cortina en España y el estilo Bozérian en Francia. El presente artículo estudia las encuadernaciones de estos estilos depositadas en la Biblioteca de la Real Academia de la Historia, identificando algunos de sus encuadernadores, estructuras y motivos decorativos.
РАЗАПЕТИ ЗАПАДЊАК: LONGUE DUREE ПОГЛЕД НА ЗАПАДНУ КРИЗУ
Authors: Солдат Олег
Published: March 2017

Аутор даје синаптички поглед на окциденталну историју, санастојањем да се неке епохе и догађаји који се у чланку истичу – протумачекао извјесни прекиди у дугом процесу западнога развоја. Чланак покушава даилуструје тезу да само цјелина погледа на западну и Европску историју, можеда помогне да се правилно оцијени данашња културна криза.
A new way to build cell lineages
Authors: Zhang Xiuwei , Yosef Nir
Published: March 2017

A combination of single-cell techniques and computational analysis enables the simultaneous discovery of cell states, lineage relationships and the genes that control developmental decisions.
HYDROFLASH: A 2-D Nuclear EMP Code Founded on Finite Volume Techniques
Authors: Roussel-Dupre R.
Published: March 2017

The basic mechanisms that govern the generation of an electromagnetic pulse (EMP) following a nuclear detonation in the atmosphere, including heights of burst (HOB) relevant to surface bursts (0 km), near surface bursts (0-2 km), air bursts (2-20 km) and high-altitude bursts (> 20 km), are reviewed. Previous computational codes developed to treat the source region and predict the EMP are discussed. A new 2-D hydrodynamic code (HYDROFLASH) that solves the fluid equations for electron and ion transport in the atmosphere and the coupled Maxwell equations using algorithms extracted from the Conservation Law (CLAW) package for solving multi-dimensional hyperbolic equations with finite volume techniques has been formulated. Simulations include the ground, atmospheric gradient, and an azimuthal applied magnetic field as a first approximation to the geomagnetic field. HYDROFLASH takes advantage of multiprocessor systems by using domain decomposition together with the Message Passing Interface (MPI) protocol for parallel processing. A detailed description of the model is presented along with computational results for a generic 10 kiloton (kT) burst detonated at 0 and 10 km altitude.
Genetic insights into family group co-occurrence inCryptocercus punctulatus, a sub-social woodroach from the southern Appalachian Mountains
Authors: Garrick Ryan C.
Published: March 2017

The wood-feeding cockroachCryptocercus punctulatusScudder (Blattodea: Cryptocercidae) is an important member of the dead wood (saproxylic) community in montane forests of the southeastern United States. However, its population biology remains poorly understood. Here, aspects of family group co-occurrence were characterized to provide basic information that can be extended by studies on the evolution and maintenance of sub-sociality. Broad sampling across the species’ range was coupled with molecular data (mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences). The primary questions were: (1) what proportion of rotting logs contain two or more different mtDNA haplotypes and how often can this be attributed to multiple families inhabiting the same log, (2) are multi-family logs spatially clustered, and (3) what levels of genetic differentiation among haplotypes exist within a log, and how genetically similar are matrilines of co-occurring family groups? Multi-family logs were identified on the premise that three different mtDNA haplotypes, or two different haplotypes among adult females, is inconsistent with a single family group founded by one male–female pair. Results showed that of the 88 rotting logs from which multiple adultC. punctulatuswere sampled, 41 logs (47%) contained two or more mtDNA haplotypes, and at least 19 of these logs (22% overall) were inferred to be inhabited by multiple families. There was no strong evidence for spatial clustering of the latter class of logs. The frequency distribution of nucleotide differences between co-occurring haplotypes was strongly right-skewed, such that most haplotypes were only one or two mutations apart, but more substantial divergences (up to 18 mutations, or 1.6% uncorrected sequence divergence) do occasionally occur within logs. This work represents the first explicit investigation of family group co-occurrence inC. punctulatus, providing a valuable baseline for follow-up studies.
From Silica Sphere to Hollow Carbon Nitride‐Based Sphere: Rational Design of Sulfur Host with Both Chemisorption and Physical Confinement
Authors: Meng Zhen , Li Shijun , Ying Hangjun , Xu Xin , Zhu Xueling , Han Wei‐Qiang
Published: March 2017

To suppress the shuttle effect and improve the sulfur utilization in lithium–sulfur battery, a novel hollow carbon nitride‐based spheres material (HCNx) has been synthesized via polymerization of ethylenediamine and carbon tetrachloride on silica spheres and used as a sulfur host. The rational designed structure of HCNx retards diffusion of lithium polysulfides by both chemisorption and physical confinement. The enhanced conductivity of HCNx improves the utilization of the sulfur. As a result, the S/HCNx exhibits a discharge capacity of 579 mA h g−1 after 500 cycles with a fade rate of 0.076% per cycle at 0.5 C. Even at 2 C, the S/HCNx cathode still exhibits a reversible discharge capacity of 658 mA h g−1.
Becoming through Belonging: The Spiritual Dimension in Psychotherapy
Authors: Telfener Umberta
Published: March 2017

In this article, I reflect on what spirituality can mean and I propose to add a spiritual stance as a dimension to the psychotherapy domain. It is the professional's choice to address this dimension or not, but more and more clients at the encounter are asking if the clinician is walking a spiritual path. I then suggest some processes that might enhance this dimension and that may introduce a respectful stance. We have been taught that systemic psychotherapy should be process‐focused, evolving, and ethical. I assume the ethical proposal of my mentor Heinz von Foerster: ‘Act always in order to enhance the number of your and other people's choices.’
‘Somewhere Between God and Medicine There is a Place for Me’: The Ethical Stance of ‘Radical Presence’ with ‘Spiritual Relational Reflexivity’ as Ways of Enhancing Therapeutic Possibilities
Authors: Johnston Tracey Jane
Published: March 2017

If we pause to recognise that as professionals we share the same sky and the same earth as those who seek our help, then we would come to understand that our experiences of spirituality are also intrinsically interlinked. Using case examples, this paper explores my experience of adopting combinations of systemic and narrative therapy interventions within a stance of ‘radical presence’ (McNamee, ) with ‘spiritual relational reflexivity.’ In this process, the mutual influence between professional, personal, and therapeutic contexts is viewed as a helpful resource for ‘being with’ clients spiritually. Reflexive ‘ways of engaging spirituality’ (being ‘spiritually relationally reflexive’) and opening up therapeutic and spiritual possibilities with clients, in the context of grief, are also explored. Essential to the process is viewing systemic therapy as an ongoing reflexive learning context.
GC‐MS Analysis of Various Phytoestrogens in Health Functional Foods
Authors: Kim Yu Ra , Pyo Hee Soo , Chung Bong Chul , Moon Myeong Hee , Lee Jeongae
Published: March 2017

This study aimed to measure phytoestrogen contents in health functional foods (HFFs) to alleviate menopausal symptoms that are commercially available in South Korea. A sensitive and selective method using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) for the monitoring of 21 phytoestrogens was developed and fully validated. Phytoestrogens were extracted by liquid–liquid extraction using methyl tert‐butylether as the solvent. Food samples were enzymatically hydrolyzed with β‐glucuronidase/arylsulfatase. Before GC‐MS, the analytes were derivatized to their trimethylsilyl derivatives by incubation with N,O‐bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide with 1% trimethylchlorosilane for 30 min at 80°C. The calibration curves showed good linearity (r
2 > 0.99) in the range of interest for each analyte. The limits of detection and quantification of the 21 phytoestrogens were in the ranges of 0.5–20 and 1–50 ng/mL, respectively. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions were all below 15.7%. These multivariate procedures were efficient in determining the optimal conditions using peak heights as responses.