bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exposure to Stress and the Burnout Syndrome in Healthcare Workers, Expert Workers, Professional Associates and Associates in Social Service Institutions
Authors: Marković Snežana , Kostić Olivera , Terzić-Supic Zorica , Tomic Mihajlovic Sanja , Milovanović Jasmina , Radovanovic Snezana , Zdravković Nebojsa , Stojić Vladislava , Jovčić Ljiljana , Jocić-Pivač Biljana , Tomić Lučić Aleksandra , Kostić Marina , Šorak Marija
Published: February 2024

Background: The workplace burnout syndrome is often associated with particular aspects of certain job positions, especially those which entail working with people with special needs. The burnout syndrome in healthcare jobs is a serious problem which has grown into an epidemic among healthcare workers and associates.
Objectives: The aim of this research is to assess the presence of stress and burnout syndrome at work with healthcare workers, expert workers, professional associates and associates in social service institutions in Belgrade.
Material and Methods: This research has been conducted in the form of a cross-sectional study of a representative sample in social institutions in Belgrade. It has been conducted from March to the end of June of 2023. The sample of the study had 491 participants. The questionnaires used were a structured instrument with social-demographic and social-economic characteristics, workplace characteristics, life style characteristics, and the following questionnaires: DASS-21, Copenhagen, Brief Resilience Scale, and Brief Resilient Coping Scale.
Results: The end results indicate the following to be significant risk factors for the occurrence of workplace burnout syndrome: overtime (OR=2.62; CI=1.50-4.56), BRS average score (OR=0.28; CI=0.17-0.44), DASS21 D heightened depression (OR=2.09; CI=1.1-4.04), DASS21 A heightened anxiety (OR=2.38; CI=1.34-4.21), DASS21 S heightened stress (OR=2.08; CI=1.11-3.89). The only protective risk factor which stood out was the self-assessment of health levels (OR=0.60; CI=0.42-0.85).
Conclusion: Overtime is a significant predictor of workplace burnout. Apart from it, other significant predictors of workplace burnout were heightened depression, anxiety, and stress levels.
Energy Transition: Questioning the Underlying Assumptions
Authors: Butters Chris , Jakobsen Ove Daniel
Published: February 2024

The global energy transition is motivated largely by the need to combat climate change. Other reasons include limits to available fossil fuels, energy-related environmental impacts of many kinds, and societal goals such as equity and providing sustainable energy for the poor. This transition will significantly change the world both technically, economically and socially. It is taking shape with characteristics which prioritise certain types of policy, interventions and solutions, as well as certain actors and institutional forces. More fundamentally, it embodies underlying assumptions about what constitutes a desirable type of economy and society. Briefly stated, the energy transition is being geared to a conventional economic growth-focused type of development; including the not unchallenged concept of green growth.
Not everyone, however, would agree on those priorities or the underlying assumptions. We point out various constraints and limitations which this approach places on the energy transition. Whilst much of the change being initiated is positive, we argue that different views, which lie closer to discourses such as strong sustainability (1), deep ecology (2) and ecological economics (3, 4) might prioritise differently and offer both necessary and desirable outcomes. Given the predominant focus on energy and climate, equally essential goals such as equity and eradication of poverty appear to be at particular risk of being missed. Building on examples and recent experience we argue that achieving global sustainable energy, not least the societal goals, remains unlikely within socio-political frameworks permeated by the imperatives of market-driven growth, the commodification of resources, and intense competitive dynamics. Technology and economics, the themes of this issue, have far-reaching societal implications and outcomes. We argue that it is essential that they be considered within the broad context discussed here.
Non-mutational Key Features in the Biology of Thymomas
Authors: Küffer Stefan , Müller Denise , Marx Alexander , Ströbel Philipp
Published: February 2024

Thymomas (TH) are a unique group of heterogeneous tumors of the thymic epithelium. In particular, the subtypes B2 and B3 tend to be aggressive and metastatic. Radical tumor resection remains the only curative option for localized tumors, while more advanced TH require multimodal treatment. Deep sequencing analyses have failed to identify known oncogenic driver mutations in TH, with the notable exception of the GTF2I mutation, which occurs predominantly in type A and AB TH. However, there are multiple alternative non-mutational mechanisms (e.g., perturbed thymic developmental programs, metabolism, non-coding RNA networks) that control cellular behavior and tumorigenesis through deregulation of critical molecular pathways. Here, we attempted to show how the results of studies investigating such alternative mechanisms could be integrated into a current model of TH biology. This model could be used to focus ongoing research and therapeutic strategies.
Developing a Multitasking Augmented Reality Application for Theatrical, Cultural Content
Authors: Mamakou Eirini , Karafotias Georgios , Gkourdoglou Gabriel , Loumos Georgios , Kargas Antonios , Varoutas Dimitrios
Published: February 2024

Implementing digital technologies, such augmented reality and 3D models, to various cultural sectors is an ongoing procedure, especially favorable after COVID-19 pandemic. Even though such technologies are familiar to museums, galleries and archaeological places all over the world, little research or practical cases have been developed when it comes to theaters and theatrical costumes. Proposed research article describes the methodology of both reference material collection and applications development, while an analysis of functions and aesthetic results are described, especially when it comes to 3D models. The paper’s aim to reveal that theatrical operations (as part of cultural sector) as well as structured parts (such as acts, performances and costumes) can be preserved and served to larger audiences via technological means, such as an augmented reality application.
Booster Vaccination with BNT162b2 Improves Cellular and Humoral Immune Response in the Pediatric Population Immunized with CoronaVac
Authors: Díaz-Dinamarca Diego , Cárdenas-Cáceres Simone , Muena Nicolás A. , Diaz Pablo , Barra Gisselle , Puentes Rodrigo , Escobar Daniel F. , Díaz-Samirin Michal , Alay Natalia Santis , Canales Cecilia , Díaz Janepsy , García-Escorza Heriberto E. , Grifoni Alba , Sette Alessandro , Tischler Nicole D. , Vasquez Abel E
Published: February 2024

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and its sublineages continue to cause COVID-19—associated pediatric hospitalizations, severe disease, and death globally. BNT162b2 and CoronaVac are among the top most widely used COVID-19 vaccines. Much less is known on the Wuhan-Hu-1 strain based vaccines in the pediatric population compared to adults. Given the worldwide need for booster vaccinations to stimulate the immune response against new Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2, we characterized the humoral and cellular immune response against Omicron variant BA.1 in a pediatric population aged 10 to 16 years who received heterologous vaccination based on two doses CoronaVac, two doses CoronaVac (2x) plus one booster doses BNT162b2 [CoronaVac(2x) + BNT162b2 (1x)], two doses CoronaVac plus two booster doses BNT162b2 [CoronaVac(2x) + BNT162b2 (2x)], and three doses BNT162b2. We observed that [CoronaVac(2x) + BNT162b2 (2x)] vaccination showed higher anti-S1 and neutralizing antibody titers and CD4 and CD8 T cell immunity specific to the Omicron variant compared to immunization with two doses CoronaVac alone. Furthermore, from all groups tested, immunity against Omicron was highest in individuals who received three doses BNT162b2. We conclude that booster vaccination with BNT162b2 promotes greater immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in the pediatric population compared to two doses CoronaVac alone.
Random Forest Classifier for Cloud Clearing of the Operational TROPOMI XCH4 Product
Authors: Borsdorff Tobias , Martinez-Velarte Mari Carmen , Sneep Maarten , Linden Mark ter , Landgraf Jochen
Published: February 2024

The TROPOMI XCH4 data product requires rigorous cloud filtering to achieve a product accuracy of <1%. To this end, the operational XCH4 data processing has been based on SUOMI-NPP VIIRS cloud observations. However, SUOMI-NPP is nearing at the end of its operational life and has encountered malfunctions in 2022 and 2023. In this study, we introduce a novel machine learning cloud clearing approach based on a random forest classifier (RFC). The RFC is trained on collocated TROPOMI and SUOMI-NPP VIIRS data to emulate VIIRS-like cloud clearing. After training, cloud masking requires only TROPOMI data, and so becomes operationally independent of SUOMI-NPP. We demonstrate the RFC approach by applying cloud clearing to operational TROPOMI XCH4 data for August 2022, a period in which VIIRS was not operational. For validation, we analyze the TROPOMI XCH4 data at 12 TCCON stations. Comparison of cloud clearing using the RFC and the original VIIRS method reveals excellent agreement with a similar station-to-station bias (-7.4 ppb versus -5.6 ppb), a similar standard deviation of the station-to-station bias (11.6 ppb versus 12 ppb), and the same Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.9. Remarkably, the RFC cloud clearing provides a slightly higher volume of data (2182 versus 2035 daily means) and appears to have fewer outliers. Since November 21, 2023, the RFC approach is part of ESA’s operational processing chain. For now the default practice is to utilize SNPP-VIIRS when accessible. Only in cases where VIIRS data is unavailable do we resort to the RFC cloud mask.
Global Generalized Mersenne Numbers: Definition, Decomposition, and Generalized Theorems
Authors: Pletser Vladimir
Published: February 2024

A new generalized definition of Mersenne numbers is proposed of the form (a^n - (a-1)^n), called Global Generalized Mersenne numbers, or simply Generalized Mersenne numbers and noted GM_{a,n} where a is the base and n is the exponent, both being positive integers. The properties are investigated for prime exponents n and several theorems on Mersenne numbers regarding their congruence properties are generalized and demonstrated. In particular, it is found that, for any base a, Generalized Mersenne numbers are in general such that (GM_{a,n} - 1) are even and divisible by n, a and (a-1) for any odd prime exponent n and by (a(a-1)+1) for any prime exponent n > 5. The remaining factor is a function of triangular numbers of (a-1), specific to each prime exponent n. Four theorems on Mersenne numbers are generalized and four new theorems are demonstrated, allowing to show first, that (GM_{a,n} - 1) are divisible by 6, and more precisely GM_{a,n} are congruent to 1(mod 12) or 7(mod 12) depending on the congruence of the base a(mod 4); second, that (GM_{a,n} - 1) are divisible by 10 if n == 1(mod 4) and, if n == 3(mod 4), GM_{a,n} == 1(mod 10), or 7(mod 10) or 9(mod 10) depending on the congruence of the base a(mod 5); third, that all factors c_{i} of GM_{a,n} are of the form (2nf_{i}+1) with f_{i} natural integers such that c_{i} is prime itself or the product of primes of the form (2nj+1) with j natural integer; fourth, that for odd prime exponents n, all GM_{a,n} are periodically congruent to either +/-1\(mod 8) or +/-3(mod 8) depending on the congruence of the base a(mod 8); and fifth, that the factors of a composite GM_{a,n} is of the form (2nf_{i}+1) with f_{i} == u(mod 4) and u being either 0, 1, 2 or 3 depending on the congruence of the exponent n(mod 4) and on the congruence of the base a(mod 8). The potential use of Generalized Mersenne primes in cryptography is shortly addressed.
Ismail’s Ratio Conquers New Horizons the Non-stationary M/G/1 Queue’s State Variable Closed Form Expression
Authors: A Mageed Dr Ismail
Published: February 2024

This paper investigates the search for an exact analytic solution to the state variable of the non-stationary queue. Currently, the only known solution to this problem is through simulation. However, this study proposes a constant ratio
Non-invasive Assessment of Intracranial Pressure in Severe Burned Patients: A Pilot Study
Authors: Notaro Maria , Belotti Laura maria beatrice , Di serafino Marco , Longobardi Adele , Villani Romolo , Aspide Raffaele
Published: February 2024

Burn patients still represent an important challenge in critical care medicine today. These patients can develop significant neurological conditions up to intracranial hypertension, but as they find themselves hospitalized outside of neurocritical care and are often subjected to sedation for the complex management, they are sometimes underestimated. The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of non-invasive methods for the early diagnosis of intracranial hypertension in these patients.
In this prospective observational study, adult burn patients admitted to intensive care within the first 8 hours of the event were enrolled. These patients were studied through ultrasound measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter and intracranial vessel velocimetry with transcranial Doppler.
In the 20 patients studied, no frankly pathological values were identified in the 3 different measurement stages (within 8 hours of the burn, then at 48 and 96 hours) and no correlations were identified between the measured values and the extension of the burn with the related risk of mortality.
However, this study, one of a kind, demonstrates that these non-invasive methods are applicable to this specific patient population, and can represent an effective method for reducing the incidence of complications that are dangerous for survival.
Conducting a Needs Analysis in Business English for Marketing Professionals
Authors: Djurayeva Nargiza , Djuraev Abdulkhay
Published: February 2024

Effective communication in English is crucial for marketing professionals in the highly competitive global business landscape. This article emphasizes the importance of English language proficiency and the need for a tailored needs analysis for marketing professionals in the field of Business English. The comprehensive exploration of the needs analysis process outlines its methods and steps, highlighting its relevance in designing targeted language programs. By utilizing surveys, interviews, and observations, trainers and language instructors gain valuable insights into the specific challenges faced by marketing professionals, enabling them to develop customized skill-building approaches. The article also underscores the pedagogical implications of the needs analysis, stressing the significance of a personalized training program that addresses identified language gaps. Recognizing the collaborative nature of the process, the article concludes by discussing the implementation of the training program and the importance of tracking progress, ultimately displaying the tangible benefits of conducting a needs analysis in Business English for marketing professionals in terms of enhancing competitiveness and driving business growth.
A TSENet Model for Predicting Cellular Network Traffic
Authors: Wang Jianbin , Shen Lei , Fan Weiming
Published: February 2024

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are gaining traction in the realm of network communication, renowned for their adaptability, configuration, and flexibility. The forthcoming network traffic within WSNs can be forecasted through temporal sequence models. In this correspondence, We present a method (TSENet) that can accurately predict the traffic in the cellular network. TSENet is composed of transformers and self-attention network. We have designed a temporal transformer module specifically for extracting temporal features. This module accomplishes this by modeling the traffic flow within each grid of the communication network at both near-term and periodical intervals. Simultaneously, we amalgamate the spacial features of each grid with information from its correlated grids, generating spacial predictions within the spacial transformer. Furthermore, we employ self-attention aggregation to capture dependencies between external factor features and celluar data features. Empirical assessments performed on a genuine cellular traffic dataset offer compelling evidence substantiating the efficacy of TSENet.
Mir-21 Regulates Growth and Migration of Cervical Cancer Cells by RECK Signaling Pathway
Authors: Aguilar-Martínez Seidy Y. , Campos-Viguri Gabriela E. , Medina-García Selma E. , García-Flores Ricardo J. , Deas Jessica , Gómez-Cerón Claudia , Pedroza-Torres Abraham , Bautista-Rodríguez Elizabeth , Fernández-Tilapa Gloria , Rodríguez-Dorantes Mauricio , Pérez-Plasencia Carlos , Peralta-Zaragoza Oscar
Published: February 2024

Expression of miR-21 has been found to be altered in almost all types of cancers and it has been classified as an oncogenic microRNA. In addition, expression of tumor suppressor gene RECK is associated with miR-21 overexpression in high-grade cervical lesions. In the present study we analyze the role of miR-21 in RECK gene regulation in cervical cancer cells. To identify the downstream cellular target genes of upstream miR-21, we silenced endogenous miR-21 expression using siRNAs. We analyzed the expression of miR-21 and RECK, as well as functional effects on cell proliferation and migration. We found that in cervical cancer cells there was an inverse correlation between miR-21 expression and RECK mRNA and protein expression. SiRNAs to miR-21 increased luciferase reporter activity in construct plasmids containing the RECK-3′-UTR microRNA response elements MRE21-1, MRE21-2, and MRE21-3. The role of miR-21 in cell proliferation was also analyzed and cancer cells transfected with siRNAs exhibited a markedly reduced cell proliferation and migration. Our findings indicate that miR-21 post-transcriptionally down-regulates the expression of RECK to promote cell proliferation and cell migration inhibition in cervical cancer cell survival. Therefore, miR-21 and RECK may be potential therapeutic targets in gene therapy for cervical cancer.
Evaluación de la calidad del agua de las subcuencas Achamayo y Shullcas utilizando el índice de calidad CCME
Authors:   , Gutierrez Vilela Milagros Melissa
Published: February 2024

Los ríos y quebradas, en la mayoría de casos, son utilizados como cuerpo receptor de los vertimientos municipales, que, sin el debido tratamiento, genera problemas de contaminación del agua. En las áreas de estudio de esta investigación, se tiene datos de los monitoreos de calidad del agua publicadas por la Autoridad Nacional del Agua, donde los resultados no son muy comprensibles para una población que no conoce el tema. Los Índices de Calidad del Agua (ICA) son una de las herramientas más utilizadas para evaluar la calidad del agua, ya que resumen los datos de los parámetros fisicoquímicos y microbiológicos de una manera sencilla y de fácil comprensión. El objetivo de esta investigación fue realizar la evaluación de los ICA en las subcuencas Achamayo y Shullcas a través de la metodología CCME-WQI. Para ello se utilizaron los datos de los reportes de monitoreo de la calidad del agua de los años 2015 al 2020, los vertimientos municipales e información geoespacial de los ríos y cuencas. La subcuenca Shullcas obtuvo un resultado del ICA de 46.2 que corresponde a una calidad de agua “marginal”, este resultado es consecuencia de las altas concentraciones de coliformes termotolerantes y Escherichia coli, mientras que la subcuenca Achamayo obtuvo un ICA de 67.8, que corresponde a una calidad “regular”, llegando a la conclusión que la subcuenca Shullcas es la más impactada por los vertimientos municipales, por lo que se recomienda construir plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales con tecnología de lodos activados o lagunas de estabilización.
Clima organizacional y desempeño laboral en una empresa inmobiliaria (Lima-Perú), 2022
Authors:   , Hostia Condori Gladys , Mendoza Huaman Karen Milagros
Published: February 2024

El clima organizacional es un aspecto importante en la gestión de las empresas para promover su éxito y del mismo modo es necesario generar bienestar en los colaboradores de las organizaciones. En ese sentido, el objetivo principal de este artículo fue determinar la relación entre el clima organizacional y el desempeño laboral en una empresa inmobiliaria (Lima-Perú), 2022. Además, en los objetivos específicos, el propósito fue comprobar la relación entre las dimensiones: comunicación, reconocimiento y entorno físico de la variable clima organizacional con el desempeño laboral. Metodológicamente, el estudio se llevó a cabo a través del enfoque cuantitativo y diseño correlacional descriptivo y la muestra estuvo compuesta por 103 trabajadores. Para el proceso de recolección de datos, se utilizaron dos cuestionarios, uno para cada variable con 15 ítems cada uno, usando la escala de Likert, cuyos datos fueron llevados al análisis psicométrico, encontrando resultados positivos para la validez y confiabilidad. Los hallazgos demostraron que, después de someter los instrumentos de investigación para tal fin, se comprobó que existió una relación directa y significativa entre el clima organizacional y el desempeño laboral en la empresa considerada para este estudio, presentando un coeficiente de correlación (r=0,516), clasificándose éste en el nivel moderado.
Evaluación técnico-económica del uso de biopolímeros para el tratamiento de aguas residuales de curtiembres
Authors:   , Basurto Flores Nickole Allyson del Carmen , Medina Guerrero Nataly Vanessa
Published: February 2024

[Introducción]: Durante años, las aguas residuales de curtiembres han sido vertidas a diversas fuentes de agua sin control alguno o tratadas con tecnologías poco eficientes, generando un impacto negativo en la calidad del agua. [Objetivo]: El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la viabilidad técnico-económica del uso del biopolímero pectina y quitosano para el tratamiento de aguas residuales de curtiembres. [Metodología]: Se efectuó la extracción de pectina a partir de la cocona (Solanum sessiliflorum) y el quitosano a partir del camarón (Caridea). Se realizó una prueba de jarras donde se combinó el agua residual y los biopolímeros, con una velocidad de agitación de 120 rpm, tiempo de contacto de 1, 2 y 3 h y concentraciones de 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 y 1 g. Se realizaron análisis de pH, demanda química de oxígeno (DQO), demanda bioquímica de oxígeno (DBO), sólidos suspendidos totales (SST) y cromo hexavalente (Cr+6) de las muestras obtenidas. Para la comparación con Valores Máximos Admisibles (VMA), se utilizaron las muestras que mostraron mayor remoción de SST y Cr+6. Para el análisis estadístico de los diferentes tiempos y concentraciones, se realizó una prueba ANOVA y de comparación múltiple, para la comparación de eficiencias entre pectina y quitosano se realizó la prueba T de student. Y para el análisis económico, se realizó una simulación a escala industrial del tratamiento con biopolímeros y se comparó con la tecnología actual que posee la empresa donde se realizó el muestreo. [Resultados]: Los resultados mostraron que se registró una remoción del Cr+6 de 98.33 % y 98.30 % para la cantidad de 1 g tanto de quitosano como de pectina, respectivamente, ambos con un tiempo de contacto de 1 h. Los sólidos suspendidos totales revelaron una reducción del...
EXPEDIENTE
Authors: Marinho Rogério Ribeiro
Published: February 2024

Expediente da Revista Geonorte
NOTA DOS EDITORES
Authors: Marinho Rogério Ribeiro , Filizola Junior Naziano Pantoja
Published: February 2024

É com grande satisfação que apresentamos o mais recente número da Revista Geonorte, Volume 16, Número 48, uma edição especial que lança luz sobre a fascinante e complexa dinâmica da bacia do Rio Negro, intitulada "Rio Negro - Tempo, Água e Rocha". Esta edição tem como objetivo principal divulgar resultados inéditos de pesquisas desenvolvidas na região, destacando a interação entre tempo geológico, água e rocha, elementos essenciais para compreendermos a formação e o funcionamento desse importante tributário do Rio Amazonas.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO HIDROGEOQUÍMICA E DE QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA DE POÇOS TUBULARES EM ALDEIAS INDÍGENAS NA REGIÃO DA AMAZÔNIA CENTRAL
Authors: Andrade Simões Clebsch Consuelo , Aniceto Keila , Wahnfried Ingo Daniel , Tokuta Castro Rodrigo , Lima Leylane , De Souza Lima Rita Mileni , Souza de Oliveira Tereza Cristina
Published: February 2024

Apesar da abundância de água superficial na região amazônica, sua população utiliza predominantemente o recurso subterrâneo. No Amazonas, as águas subterrâneas são única fonte de água em 71% das sedes municipais. Das 276 aldeias cadastradas no Distrito Sanitário Especial Indígena de Manaus (DSEI-MAO) até 2022, 7,6% possuem sistemas de abastecimento de água provenientes de poços profundos. Com o objetivo de avaliar os padrões de qualidade de água preconizados pela legislação brasileira vigente, este estudo apresenta resultados obtidos a partir das águas de três poços tubulares localizados em áreas rurais autodenominadas como indígenas. Foram realizadas análises de pH, Condutividade Elétrica (CE), Sólidos Totais Dissolvidos (STD), elementos maiores Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+  F-, Cl-, NO2-, Br-, NO3-, PO43- e SO42- e traços Al, As, Ba, Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni e Zn e coliformes totais e Escherichia coli. Os valores de pH (5,4-6,6) e CE (18,1-106 µS.cm-1) encontrados estão dentro das faixas observadas em estudos anteriores. Os resultados analíticos dos períodos sazonais são típicos de águas fracamente mineralizadas, com variação na classificação química de potássica sulfetada para cálcica cloretada em um dos poços. A sequência de abundância dos cátions é K>Ca>>Na>Mg, com o K+ apresentando concentrações maiores que os demais cátions (até 5,1 mg.L-1), o que é incomum devido à sua baixa mobilidade geoquímica. Por outro lado, as concentrações de SO42- são mais elevadas do que em estudos anteriores (até 9,8 mg.L-1). De modo geral, as águas mostram-se próprias para o consumo humano e não apresentam indícios de contaminantes.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO MULTITEMPORAL DE BARRAS FLUVIAIS NO ARQUIPÉLAGO DE MARIUÁ, MÉDIO RIO NEGRO , AMAZONAS
Authors: Jesus de Souza Jefferson , Alberto Amaral Soares Emílio , Hatsue Tatumi Sonia , Raimundo Pantoja Tarabossi Ricieri , Yee Márcio , Dino Rodolfo , Antonioli Luzia , Leite Dias Fábio
Published: February 2024

Este trabalho apresenta a evolução morfológica de barras arenosas da porção oeste do Arquipélago de Mariuá, médio curso do Rio Negro. Apesar desse arquipélago ser considerado o maior do planeta, estudos referentes à última fase de sedimentação das ilhas e barras ainda são escassos, principalmente relacionados aos processos de erosão e sedimentação. Foram utilizadas ferramentas de sensoriamento remoto, através da análise multitemporal de imagens Landsat, para o entendimento da evolução morfológica das barras arenosas no intervalo temporal de 31 anos (1985 - 1997 - 2016). No primeiro período (1985 - 1997) a taxa de erosão foi maior que a deposição, enquanto no segundo período (1997 - 2016) predominou a dinâmica deposicional acrescionária, ambas relacionadas a variação do aporte sedimentar. Com base nos resultados obtidos, o aumento ou a diminuição do aporte sedimentar foi relacionado com as mudanças morfológicas das barras arenosas, bem como aos períodos de maior e menor precipitação, que refletem as características dos fenômenos El Nino e La Nina na Amazônia. Particularmente, foi possível evidenciar a relação do aumento no aporte sedimentar, indicado pelos dados da carga de sedimentos em suspensão (CSS), descarga sólida e análise multitemporal das barras, com o fenômeno La Nina, que influenciou no aumento na taxa de precipitação na Bacia do Rio Negro. Apesar da análise multitemporal das barras no arquipélago envolverem um intervalo de tempo recente e curto (31 anos), o resultado pontual de datação por Luminescência Opticamente Estimulada (LOE) indica que a sedimentação das barras iniciou há pelo menos cinco (05) séculos.
ARQUIPÉLAGO DE ANAVILHANAS
Authors: Silveira de Queiroz Matheus , Ribeiro Marinho Rogério , De Sousa Alves Neliane , Rodrigues Cleide
Published: February 2024

O Arquipélago de Anavilhanas, situado no baixo curso do rio Negro, é um complexo sistema fluvial composto por canais, ilhas, diques, lagos e barras arenosas, com um padrão de canal anabranching. Este artigo apresenta uma revisão do conhecimento produzido nas últimas décadas neste megacomplexo sistema fluvial amazônico. A revisão destaca que a região tem sido objeto de estudos mais aprofundados desde 2010, particularmente em relação à sua morfogênese, morfodinâmica, mapeamento geomorfológico e dinâmica de sedimentos suspensos e de fundo. O conjunto de estudos avaliados têm contribuído significativamente para uma melhor compreensão dos processos geomorfológicos atuais e passados no arquipélago. No entanto, a análise também revelou lacuna de modelos conceituais que descrevam os processos geomorfológicos atuais em Anavilhanas. Isso ressalta a necessidade de pesquisas mais aprofundadas e de uma abordagem integrada que leve em consideração não apenas a geomorfologia, mas também fatores como clima, geologia e biogeografia da região. Este artigo destaca a relevância do Arquipélago de Anavilhanas como um objeto de estudo para compreender sistemas fluviais complexos e enfatiza a importância de futuras pesquisas que preencham as lacunas identificadas, promovendo assim conhecimento mais abrangente e holístico da região
ANÁLISE DOS PARÂMETROS TEXTURAIS E MINERALÓGICOS DO SOLO POR ESPECTROSCOPIA NA REGIÃO DO PARQUE NACIONAL DE ANAVILHANAS (AM)
Authors: Monteiro Deborah Natalie Collyer , Humberto Lima Raimundo , Dos Santos Costa Solange , Victor dos Santos Erik Taylor
Published: February 2024

Uma análise de solo reveste-se de primordial importância, haja vista sua função preponderante no planejamento de infraestruturas e empreendimentos civis, na agricultura, na gestão ambiental e conservação dos recursos naturais. Nesse sentido, no Parque Nacional de Anavilhanas (PNA) e entorno, área de estudo, ocorre limitações na obtenção de informações de solos, considerando aspectos específicos como atributos químicos e físicos, impostos, principalmente, pela magnitude territorial, complexidade e diversidade ambiental da região. Os métodos convencionais de análise de solo, devido à demanda por tempo, mão de obra especializada e custos elevados, dificultam a pesquisa e limitam o conhecimento. Este estudo propôs avaliar a espectroscopia como ferramenta de apoio na caracterização textural e mineralógica de solos provenientes da Amazônia comparando seus resultados com os métodos convencionais. As amostras de solos obtidas foram submetidas a uma análise espectral na faixa do VIS-NIR-SWIR do espectro eletromagnético sendo possível diferenciar texturas e estabelecer correlações com os tipos de solo e com os métodos convencionais empregados, destacando-se a identificação de caulinita e óxido-hidróxidos de ferro. No contexto das limitações da área pesquisada, a espectroscopia se revelou como uma ferramenta complementar as técnicas tradicionais por meio da análise detalhada das respostas espectrais, proporcionando informações precisas sobre as propriedades texturais, mineralógicas e químicas do solo. Essa abordagem possibilitou uma avaliação abrangente contribuindo para avanços na pesquisa e no conhecimento pedológico do PNA e seu entorno.
Quantification of Total Phosphorus Content in Plant Material Using Microwave Digestion and Segmented Flow Analysis
Authors: Cain Sophia , Younes Nicolas , Buss Wolfram , Latimer James
Published: February 2024

This protocol aims to quantify the total phosphorus (P) concentration in leaf material through acid digestion and segmented flow analysis. This method has been tested on plant species including Australian Eucalyptus and other native understory species but could be applicable to foliar leaf material in general with minor modifications. Phosphorus content is often measured using a Kjeldahl digestion, which can be time consuming; we present this microwave digestion method using nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide as an alternative to reduce sample digestion times. This method is limited by the number of positions available in the microwave digestion rotor. Phases of analysis include: (1) acid digestion using microwave digestor (3 hours); (2) preparation of reagents (2 hours); and, (3) analysis for total P on the flow analyser using antimony-phospho-molybdate complexation reaction (30 minutes plus 90 seconds per sample).
The effect of seasonal variation on the antibacterial activity of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray leaf extracts against pathogenic bacterial strains
Authors: Folagboye Emmanuel Ayotunde , Adewole Moses Bamidele , Abimbola Olufemi Gabriel , Adewumi Sanjo Samson , Okafor Chimezie Alphonsus , Adeyemo Stella Mojisola
Published: February 2024

The study investigates the antibacterial activity of Tithonia diversifolia leaves, including methanol, ethanol and water extracts, against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, Proteus vulgaris, Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium sporogenes using the agar well diffusion technique. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were performed on bacteria by a modification of the standard agar dilution method. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of leaf extract was determined by standard analytic methods. The study found that Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus subtilis showed less susceptibility to water extracts, while Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris were sensitive to all water extract samples with zone of inhibition of 20.5 mm and 20.0 mm, respectively. However, all methanol extracts were susceptible to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, and Staphylococcus aureus with zones of inhibition of 18.0, 14.0, and 15.0 mm, respectively. Serratia marcescens showed less susceptibility to most methanol extracts, while Clostridium sporogenes showed susceptibility to all ethanol extracts. MICs and MBC values against bacterial strains ranged from 12 - 50 mgmL-1 and 25 - 100 mgmL-1 respectively. The study concluded that the leaves of Tithonia diversifolia contain phytochemicals with broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects, with ethanol extracts showing high sensitivity. The concentration of these phytochemicals varies by season, with higher levels observed during rainy seasons. The study highlights the potential of Tithonia diversifolia leaves for antimicrobial properties.
Uncertainty-Aware Graph Neural Network for Semi-Supervised Diversified Recommendation
Authors: Minjie
Published: February 2024

Graphs are a powerful tool for representing structured and relational data in various domains, including social networks, knowledge graphs, and molecular structures. Semi-supervised learning on graphs has emerged as a promising approach to address real-world challenges and applications. In this paper, we propose an uncertainty-aware pseudo-label selection framework for promoting diversity learning in recommendation systems. Our approach harnesses the power of semi-supervised Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), utilizing both labeled and unlabeled data, to address data sparsity issues often encountered in real-world recommendation scenarios. Pseudo-labeling, a prevalent semi-supervised method, combats label scarcity by enhancing the training set with high-confidence pseudolabels for unlabeled nodes, enabling self-training cycles for supervised models. By incorporating pseudo-labels selected based on the model’s uncertainty, our framework is designed to improve the model’s generalization and foster diverse recommendations. The main contributions of this paper include introducing the uncertainty-aware pseudo-label selection framework, providing a comprehensive description of the framework, and presenting an experimental evaluation comparing its performance against baseline methods in terms of recommendation quality and diversity. Our proposed method demonstrates the effectiveness of uncertainty-aware pseudo-label selection in enhancing the diversity of recommendation systems and delivering a more engaging, personalized, and diverse set of suggestions for users.
TopoFormer: Multiscale Topology-enabled Structure-to-Sequence Transformer for Protein-Ligand Interaction Predictions
Authors: Wei Guo-Wei , Chen Dong , Liu Jian
Published: February 2024

Pre-trained deep Transformers have had tremendous success in a wide variety of disciplines. However, in computational biology, essentially all Transformers are built upon the biological sequences, which ignores vital stereochemical information and may result in crucial errors in downstream predictions. On the other hand, three-dimensional (3D) molecular structures are incompatible with the sequential architecture of Transformer and natural language processing (NLP) models in general. This work addresses this foundational challenge by a topological Transformer (TopoFormer). TopoFormer is built by integrating NLP and a multiscale topology techniques, the persistent topological hyperdigraph Laplacian (PTHL), which systematically converts intricate 3D protein-ligand complexes at various spatial scales into a NLP-admissible sequence of topological invariants and homotopic shapes. Element-specific PTHLs are further developed to embed crucial physical, chemical, and biological interactions into topological sequences. TopoFormer surges ahead of conventional algorithms and recent deep learning variants and gives rise to exemplary scoring accuracy and superior performance in ranking, docking, and screening tasks in a number of benchmark datasets. The proposed topological sequences can be extracted from all kinds of structural data in data science to facilitate various NLP models, heralding a new era in AI-driven discovery.
The Burden and Opportunities for Screening NCDs among People Living With HIV/AIDS Attending Care and Treatment Clinic at Temeke Regional Referral Hospital in Dar es Salaam
Authors: Musyani Atuganile , Mosi¹ Grace , Kinyenje¹ Erik , Mizinduko Mucho , Kishimba¹ Rogath , Shimwela Meshack , Leonard Subi
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
People living with HIV (PLHIV) in Tanzania now live longer and hence are at increased risk of developing non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Despite the substantial resources available for HIV care programs, the effective integration of NCD care into these programs remains inadequate. This study aimed to describe the risk factors for NCDs and evaluate the control rates of three-month NCD preventive efforts among PLHIV attending the Care and Treatment Clinic (CTC) at Temeke Regional Referral Hospital (RRH).
Materials and methods
This was a mixed methods study in which a cross-sectional approach was utilized to identify hypertension risk factors among PLHIV attending Temeke RRH in January 2020 and pre- and postintervention follow-ups were used to assess NCD control rates from February to April 2020. The survey included interviews, secondary data review, and blood pressure and glucose screening using the STEPwise approach of the World Health Organization (WHO) STEPS surveillance tool for NCDs. Data analysis was performed using the STATA tool, employing logistic regression to ascertain risk factors. Patients diagnosed with hypertension, increased blood glucose, or both were enrolled in an intervention program to receive NCD-related preventive health education. Blood pressure and blood glucose levels were re-evaluated at the end of the intervention. Control rates were assessed using paired t tests.
Results:
A total of 333 PLHIV were interviewed; 71 (21.32%) were diagnosed with hypertension, and 2.70% had high blood sugar levels. Among the total interviewees, 177 (53.15%) had never had their blood pressure (BP) measured before, and among them, 37 (20.90%) were diagnosed with hypertension. Within the cohort group of 76 patients, 71 had hypertension, 26 (36.6%) of whom were effectively controlled at the end of the intervention. Among the 9 PLHIV with high blood glucose levels, 5 (55.5%) achieved a normal blood sugar level.
Conclusion:
The burden of undiagnosed NCDs among PLHIV attending the care and treatment clinic at Temeke RRH is notably high. Interventions aimed at addressing these NCDs appear to be effective
Sero-prevalence of peste des petits ruminants virus-specific antibodies in Sudanese sheep and goats before and after vaccination
Authors: Algezoli Omer , Kamal Selma , Raouf Yazeed , Alamin Muzdalifa , Ali Hiba , Aljameel Mohamed , Ahmed Sulieman , Mohamed Sir Elkhatim , Elsied Ibtesam Fadul , Nour Tajeldin , Abdalla Mohamed
Published: February 2024

Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) antibodies were studied in Sudanese sheep and goats (n = 855) before and after vaccination with a locally produced Nigeria 75/1 vaccine using a commercial competitive ELISA (cELISA) kit (IDvet Grabels). Animals were kept healthy under field conditions, in four states; Blue Nile (n = 250), North Kordofan (n = 189), South Darfur (n = 225) and the Northern State (n = 191). Before vaccination, sero-prevalence of PPRV antibodies was 54.6% (53.2%-56% 95% CI); high (64.8%-76.4% 95% CI) in South Eastern Sudan (Blue Nile), medium (50.5%-61.9% 95% CI) in Western Sudan (North Kordofan and South Darfur) and low (28.6%-35.2% 95% C.I) in Northern Sudan (Northern State). In high-risk areas (high sero-prevalence), Blue Nile (70.4%) and North Kordofan (57.7%), middle age groups (7–12 and 13–18 months) were identified as high-risk age. Middle age groups showed lower sero-prevalence than preceding (3–6 months) and subsequent (> 18 months) age groups while the risk of exposure increased with age. Current and previous findings suggested a transmission pathway of PPRV involving the South Eastern border (Blue Nile) and neighbouring Central Sudan to North Kordofan. One month after vaccination 88.4% (343/388) of sero-negative animals were sero-converted suggesting the efficacy of the locally produced Nigeria 75/1 vaccine. Had only the high- risk age group (7–18 months) was vaccinated, the overall population immunity (OPI) in high-risk areas (Blue Nile and North Kordofan) would have surpassed the threshold of 70% indicated for blocking PPRV transmission. However, lower vaccination coverage is expected in wider vaccination programme. findings justified targeting PPR control in Sudan, primarily, by vaccination of high-risk age groups in high-risk areas.
Effect of catalyst type on the structure, mechanism and thermal properties of melamine-formaldehyde resins
Authors: Sun Yumiao , Wang Ting , Zeng En
Published: February 2024

The uncertainty of the structure of melamine-formaldehye polymer is one of the important factors limiting its widespread application. The chemical reactions of melamine are almost always reversible, so controlling the microstructure is difficult. For the synthesis of polymer particles in water, it is unclear how the type of catalyst affects the microstructure of melamine-formaldehye polymers. Therefore, we conducted a detailed study to understand how different catalyst types( including 10% NaOH, trimethylamine,and a Na2CO3-NaHCO3 buffersolution)affect the hydroxymethylation reaction, structure and the thermal properties of the melamine-formaldehye polymer). The results showed that with the same molar ratio and pH conditions, the use of triethylamine as catalyst in the melamine-formaldehye polymer increased the possibility of side reactions in the hydroxymethylation reaction. However, the occurrence of side reactions has a favorable effect on the thermal properties of melamine-formaldehyepolymers. Specifically, melamine formaldehyde polymers synthesized using triethylamine as a catalyst exhibit higher thermal decomposition characteristic temperatures, lower kinetic values, and higher reactivity. These results provide insights into the effect of catalyst type on the reaction mechanism, microstructure and thermal properties of melamine-formaldehye polymers, which may prove useful for their improved and controlled synthesis.
Coding and non-coding variants in the ciliopathy gene CFAP410 cause early-onset non-syndromic retinal degeneration.
Authors: Bujakowska Kinga , Sangermano Riccardo , Gupta Priya , Price Cherrell , Han Jinu , Navarro Julien , Condroyer Christel , Place Emily , Antonio Aline , Mukai Shizuo , Zanlonghi Xavier , Sahel José-Alain , Duncan Jacque , Pierce Eric , Zeitz Christina , Audo Isabelle , Huckfeldt Rachel
Published: February 2024

Inherited retinal degenerations are blinding genetic disorders characterized by high genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. The implementation of next-generation sequencing in routine diagnostics, together with advanced clinical phenotyping including multimodal retinal imaging, have contributed to the increase of reports describing novel genotype-phenotype associations and phenotypic expansions. In this study, we describe sixteen families with early-onset non-syndromic retinal degenerations in which affected probands carried rare bi-allelic variants in CFAP410, a ciliary gene previously associated with syndromic recessive Jeune syndrome. The most common retinal phenotypes were cone-rod and rod-cone dystrophies, but the clinical presentations were unified by their early onset as well as the severe impact on central visual function. Twelve variants were detected (three pathogenic, seven likely pathogenic, two of uncertain significance), eight of which were novel. One deep intronic change, c.373+91A>G, led to the creation of a cryptic splice acceptor site in intron four, followed by the inclusion of a 200-base pair pseudoexon and subsequent premature stop codon formation. To our knowledge this is the first likely pathogenic deep-intronic variant identified in this gene. Meta-analysis of all published and novel CFAP410 variants revealed no clear correlation between the severity of the CFAP410-associated phenotypes and the identified causal variants. This is supported by the fact that the frequently encountered missense variant p.(Arg73Pro), often found in syndromic cases, was also associated with non-syndromic retinal degeneration. This study expands the current knowledge of CFAP410-associated ciliopathy by enriching its mutational landscape and supports its association with non-syndromic retinal degeneration.
Extraction method for edge artifact features of Si3N4 bearing roller microcracks based on two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform and Otsu threshold segmentation
Authors: Chen Tao , Xia Xin , Zhou Jianbin , Zhang Yixiang , Wang Xiang , Wu Nanxing
Published: February 2024

Aiming at the problem that the edge artifacts of Si3N4 bearing roller microcracks have low contrast, contain noise, and easily merge with the background, making it difficult to segment. Design a method based on a two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform and Otsu threshold segmentation. Realize the extraction of edge artifact features of Si3N4 bearing roller microcracks. Wavelet decomposition is used to remove noise, while wavelet reconstruction features are used to restore lost details. Create a discrete wavelet transform function equation in two dimensions that includes wavelet reconstruction and wavelet decomposition. Achieve contrast improvement and noise removal in edge artifact feature images. Aiming at the problem of artifacts existing at the edge of defects in images that are difficult to remove using conventional methods. A threshold segmentation function equation with the core idea of maximizing inter class variance is designed. Finish choosing the ideal threshold. In order to accomplish the goal of eliminating the edge artifact feature. The average PSNR of the image enhanced by point, line, and surface micro crack edge artifact features of the Si3N4 bearing roller is close to 62.69dB. The average SSIM is about 0.77. Increases the contrast of Si3N4 bearing roller microcrack edge artifact features in an efficient manner. Improved the effect of feature extraction of point, line, and surface micro crack edge artifacts in Si3N4 bearing rollers.