bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Binding to DCAF1 distinguishes TASOR and SAMHD1 degradation by HIV-2 Vpx
Authors: Martin Michaël M. , Matkovic Roy , Larrous Pauline , Morel Marina , Lasserre Angélique , Vauthier Virginie , Margottin-Goguet Florence
Published: October 2021

Human Immunodeficiency viruses type 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2) succeed to evade host immune defenses by using their viral auxiliary proteins to antagonize host restriction factors. HIV-2/SIVsmm Vpx is known for degrading SAMHD1, a factor impeding the reverse transcription. More recently, Vpx was also shown to counteract HUSH, a complex constituted of TASOR, MPP8 and periphilin, which blocks viral expression from the integrated viral DNA. In a classical ubiquitin ligase hijacking model, Vpx bridges the DCAF1 ubiquitin ligase substrate adaptor to SAMHD1, for subsequent ubiquitination and degradation. Here, we investigated whether the same mechanism is at stake for Vpx-mediated HUSH degradation. While we confirm that Vpx bridges SAMHD1 to DCAF1, we show that TASOR can interact with DCAF1 in the absence of Vpx. Nonetheless, this association was stabilized in the presence of Vpx, suggesting the existence of a ternary complex. The N-terminal PARP-like domain of TASOR is involved in DCAF1 binding, but not in Vpx binding. We also characterized a series of HIV-2 Vpx point mutants impaired in TASOR degradation, while still degrading SAMHD1. Vpx mutants ability to degrade TASOR correlated with their capacity to enhance HIV-1 minigenome expression as expected. Strikingly, several Vpx mutants impaired for TASOR degradation, but not for SAMHD1 degradation, had a reduced binding affinity for DCAF1, but not for TASOR. In macrophages, Vpx R34A-R42A and Vpx R42A-Q47A-V48A, strongly impaired in DCAF1, but not in TASOR binding, could not degrade TASOR, while being efficient in degrading SAMHD1. Altogether, our results highlight the central role of a robust Vpx-DCAF1 association to trigger TASOR degradation. We then propose a model in which Vpx interacts with both TASOR and DCAF1 to stabilize a TASOR-DCAF1 complex. Furthermore, our work identifies Vpx mutants enabling the study of HUSH restriction independently from SAMHD1 restriction in primary myeloid cells.
The innovations of distortion
Authors: Young Michael
Published: October 2021

The following article looks at the concept of distortion in technologies of mediation. Distortion is considered a by-product of all media, but its assignation of value reflects cultural assumptions as opposed to objective standards. The two primary conditions looked in this article are anamorphosis and photogrammetry, which are discussed in both historical terms and within contemporary practices. The author includes a few examples of his own work with photogrammetry. In conclusion, the article argues that the qualities of distortion are part of how artists begin to misuse technologies towards aesthetic effects not intended by the original purposes of the media and that this can include any technology of mediation, including the developments of artificial perspective in the Renaissance.
‘Soft, Wild and Free’: A magical realist fairytale
Authors: Liangi Ifigeneia
Published: October 2021

‘Soft, Wild and Free’ is a magical realist fairytale about a creature that was soft and wild. It is also a magical realist fairytale about the courage of a guerilla princess who freed this creature from its foundations. With my research on magical realism, fairytales and the combination of the two, I am looking into fictional narratives that have the potential for the creation of spaces which are magical and critical. These fictional narratives exist in words and images that are constructed with a sensitivity to ideas of place and a place’s spirit and character. Through the writing I bring together elements from magical realist literature and the classic magical fairytale, into a hybrid style, which then translates into drawings that I make physically and digitally. Clay, wood, card models, as well as sketches, orthographic drawings and paintings of buildings weave into a series of drawings whose scope is to suggest a version of architecture with a critical and poetic stance to the world. These drawings propose buildings as characters and characters as places that talk about the past and the present while imagining a poetic and critical future. In my work there are three types of processes, which are based on translations; two intersemiotic and one interlingual. The two intersemiotic translations are from writing to drawings and models and from drawings to writing; the interlingual translation is from modern Greek to English. These processes become spatial acts, as they allow for a perpetual generation of fictional and factual stories in words and images. My research is rooted in an inherent understanding of architecture through a literature that is critical and magical, an existential potion for our allegedly normal and normative world, which is really a wondrous, magical realist dream.
The sculptor-architect: In rêverie
Authors: Wilkinson Daniel
Published: October 2021

As an architectural designer who has also worked as a figurative sculptor, my practice-led research sees the bringing together of sculptural modelling techniques with the sculpting of architectural drawings. Taking a singular reference to a lost architectural treatise by Michelangelo as its prompt, this article considers Renaissance sculptural practice as offering an alternate disciplinary footing to the norms that developed around Alberti; to which the development of contemporary architectural practice can be attributed. Through a process that moves towards drawing by way of a historically informed adoption of clay sketching, which is used to develop and inform an experimental polychromatic ceramic practice and virtual reality modelling techniques, my activities as a sculptor-architect critique the corporeal dismissals that marked the codifications of the Renaissance. Central to this is the capacity of disegno, which as a term was paramount for the era’s repositioning of architecture, painting and sculpture as liberal arts, to suggest broader approaches to design than an immediate reliance on drawing.
An attempt to relieve oppression through the difficult paths of translation between Catalan and Spanish: The case of Avel·lí Artís-Gener
Authors: Galera Francesc
Published: October 2021

In the uneasy context of the Francoist regime, some authors tried to alleviate the difficult cultural situation through creation and translation. This is the case of Avel·lí Artís-Gener, commonly known as Tísner, a Catalan writer who was exiled to Mexico for more than twenty years. Translation from Spanish into Catalan played a major role in Tísner’s efforts to keep Catalan culture alive, and this article presents the major translation initiatives in this language combination throughout the twentieth century in order to provide enough context to give Artís-Gener’s endeavours their real weight.

In Mexico, he wrote his most famous novel, Paraules d’Opoton el Vell (‘Words of Opoton the elder’), which describes the imagined ‘discovery’ of Europe by the Aztecs and creates a bond between the fate of the Nahuatl and the Catalan people under the yoke of Spanish imperialism. In 1992 Artís-Gener decided that the novel had to be retranslated into Spanish and undertook that task himself. In addition, Tísner translated major Latin American authors from Spanish into Catalan, an experience that gave him the chance to regain control of the language imposed by the Francoist regime and use it as a form of relief from the political oppression.
Moneses uniflora (L.) A. Gray on industrial dumps of the Middle Urals
Authors: Glazyrina M. A. , Barkova N. Yu. , Lukina N. V. , Filimonova E. I.
Published: October 2021

The article presents the results of studying the coenopopulations of Moneses uniflora (L.) A. Gray (familyEricaceae Juss.) found during the monitoring of vegetation formation on the dumps of the mining and processing industryof the Sverdlovsk region (Middle Urals, southern taiga subzone). Studies have shown that the M. uniflora (family EricaceaeJuss.) coenopopulations in plant communities formed on industrial dumps and in natural phytocenosis are normal, fullfledged, young. The morphological parameters of generative individuals are significantly influenced by coenotic andedaphic factors. Arbutoid mycorrhiza was found in the thin roots of M. uniflora in all the studied habitats.
Molecular cytogenetic study of Eranthis (Ranunculaceae)
Authors: Mitrenina E. Yu. , Erst A. S. , Badaeva E. D. , Alekseeva S. S. , Artemov G. N.
Published: October 2021

45S and 5S ribosomal DNA were originally localized on chromosomes of five species of winter aconits,namely, Eranthis cilicica, E. hyemalis (section Eranthis), E. pinnatifida, E. stellata и E. tanhoensis (section Shibateranthis).Fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed with oligonucleotide DNA probes Oligo-pTa71-2 and Oligo-5S rDNAof wheat that are complementary to 45S and 5S ribosomal DNA. In addition, oligonucleotide DNA probe (Oligo-5.8SrDNA-Ran, 50 b) for localization of 45S rDNA was designed and tested. This probe is based on the 5.8S rDNA sequencesof some species of fam. Ranunculaceae taken from GenBank. A specific hybridization of the Oligo-5S rDNA and Oligo5.8S rDNA-Ran probes with the chromosomes of Eranthis was shown. The use of the Oligo-pTa71-2 probe did not localizeclusters of 45S rDNA on chromosomes of studied species.
Molecular genetic study of Trollius L. species using ISSR, ITS, rbcL and matK markers
Authors: Putilin I. R. , Yamskikh I. E. , Stepanov N. V. , Kutsev M. G.
Published: October 2021

Trollius L. – plant genus of Ranunculaceae Juss. family that has decorative and practical applications. Onthe territory of Siberia, the greatest diversity of representatives is noted. During the study, a population genetic analysis for7 populations of T. asiaticus, 2 populations of T. vitalii and 1 population of T. sibiricus was carried out. Revealed 114 loci,the total polymorphism of which is 98.25 %. The number of amplified fragments is related to the primer and range from27 (17899A) to 32 (ISSR-17 and HB14). GST is 0,5186, therefore, the studied populations have a high degree of differentiation according to the classification of Wright’s classification and are divided into separate species. On the dendrogram of population similarity, 2 clusters are distinguished, one of which is formed by populations belonging to the speciesT. sibiricus. The second cluster includes populations of T. asiaticus and T. vitalii. A separate group that, probably, belongsto T. austrosibiricus Erst et Luferov is formed by the Baikal and Idzhim populations. When constructing a tree for individual representatives, a clear division of populations into separate groups is observed. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotidesequences of the ITS regions, chloroplast genes matK and rbcL revealed the absence of significant differences between thespecies T. asiaticus, T. vitalii, T. kolonok, T. europaeus L., T. altaicus, and T. sibiricus. SNPs were noted in the matK sequences in T. europaeus, T. altaicus, and T. kolonok.
Cruciferous weeds (Brassicaceae) in agrocenoses of the Siberian Federal District as regulated objects in importing countries
Authors: Ebel T. V. , Mikhailova S. I.
Published: October 2021

One of the necessary requirements for the export of agricultural products is the absence of harmfulorganisms regulated by the importing country. Plants from 19 genera of the Brassicaceae family are listed as regulatedpests in 28 importing countries. In the agrocenoses of the Siberian Federal District, 22 species of weed cruciferous plantshave been identified. Of these, 9 species (41 %) are included in the lists of organisms regulated by importing countries.
Review of Toxins Associated with Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Petric Domina
Published: October 2021

Aim of this article is to review the literature about the toxins that might be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Almost 70% of all autoimmune diseases are caused by environmental factors, including toxic chemicals. Genetic factors contribute to approximately 30% of all autoimmune diseases.
Often Overlooked Diagnosis: Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome as a Mimicker of Crohn's Disease
Authors: Becker Erica , Mohammed Turab , Wysocki John
Published: October 2021

Median arcuate ligament syndrome occurs when the celiac artery and/or the celiac plexus nerves is compressed by the median arcuate ligament during expiration causing a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms. Here, we present a case of median arcuate ligament syndrome in a persistently symptomatic 35-year-old man that presented as a mimicker of Crohn's disease. Symptomatology, computed tomography angiography, and abdominal ultrasound Doppler were consistent with celiac artery compression syndrome. After surgical decompression of the ligament and removal of the celiac ganglion, he reported a definitive relief of abdominal pain and resolution of symptoms.
Gastrointestinal Dysmotility Is a Significant Feature in 2 Siblings With a Novel Inositol 1,4,5-Triphosphate Receptor 1 (ITPR1) Missense Variant
Authors: Butler Tjaden Naomi E. , Chiou Eric H. , Pillai Nishitha R. , Schady Deborah A. , Chumpitazi Bruno P.
Published: October 2021

We present 2 siblings with a novel type 1 inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor (ITPR1) missense variant who exhibit gastrointestinal dysmotility (chronic constipation and gastroparesis). ITPR1 is expressed in the cerebellum and interstitial cells of Cajal. Periodic release of calcium by ITPR1 initiates pacemaker currents, resulting in smooth muscle contraction. ITPR1 mutations are known to be associated with neurologic syndromes, and these variants have not previously been associated with significant gastrointestinal manifestations in humans. Using whole-genome sequencing, in silico prediction software, biopsy samples, and manometry, the identified novel ITPR1 variant is likely pathogenic and may have neurogastroenterology implications.
Evaluation of Effective Polymer Fiber Length on Energy Absorption Capacity of Reinforced Beams by EBR and NSM Methods
Authors: Karimi-Moridani Komeyl
Published: October 2021

This study presents a comparison of two methods used for retrofitting Reinforced Concrete (RC) beams, namely, the Externally Bonded Reinforcement (EBR) and the Near-Surface Mounting (NSM) methods. A parametric analysis was carried out using variables such as the retrofitted, the retrofitting method (EBR and NSM), and the thickness of the Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) sheets. To achieve this goal, the finite element method and ABAQUS software were employed. An un-retrofitted beam was also simulated as the control specimen for comparison. Beam responses were compared through load–displacement and energy absorption capacity diagrams. Results show that the higher energy absorption capacity in all CFRP-retrofitted RC beams, which was 1.69–5.54 times higher than in un-retrofitted beams. In the case where half of the beam was reinforced using CFRP sheets, the entire beam assembly and the CFRP sheet contributed to load-bearing, thus delaying crack nucleation in the beam and increasing its energy absorption capacity. As a result, the energy absorption capacity of the beam, in this case, was less than that obtained in the previous one where half the span of the beam was retrofitted.
Avaliação das Representações Gráficas das Cartas Topográficas Brasileiras para Pessoas com Deficiência na Percepção de Cores
Authors: Dias Helder do Carmo , Amarante Jackson Viana , Santos Afonso de Paula dos , Cunha Marconi Martins , Barbosa Lígia da Silva
Published: October 2021

O daltonismo afeta um a cada doze homens e uma a cada duzentas mulheres no mundo. Como a cor é uma variável visual largamente utilizada na transmissão de informações nos mapas, é importante que o cartógrafo leve em consideração as limitações deste público, a fim de evitar ruídos na comunicação. A Lei n º 10.098, de 19 de dezembro de 2000 destaca a obrigatoriedade por parte do poder público em eliminar estas barreiras e buscar sempre a acessibilidade. Sendo assim, este trabalho teve como finalidade analisar a adequabilidade das cartas topográficas produzidas com simbologia conforme os padrões da Infraestrutura Nacional de Dados Espaciais (INDE) para usuários com deficiência na percepção de cores. A avaliação foi realizada em cartas topográficas nas escalas de 1:25.000 e 1:50.000, primeiramente com uso de simuladores de visão de cores e, posteriormente, por meio de questionário aplicado a indivíduos que possuem ou não está limitação. Os indivíduos foram classificados em grupos conforme a presença ou ausência da condição e de seu grau de familiaridade com os produtos cartográficos avaliados. As análises foram realizadas de forma comparativa entre os grupos de familiaridade equivalente e mostraram fortes indícios de que a deficiência na percepção de cores afetou negativamente a experiência dos usuários na leitura e interpretação dos produtos desenvolvidos a partir das normatizações da INDE.
Active Flow Control over a NACA23012 Airfoil using Hybrid Jet
Authors: Singh Deepak Kumar , Jain Anuj , Paul Akshoy Ranjan
Published: October 2021

A time-dependent numerical simulation is performed to examine the flow separation control with the action of a hybrid jet (the combination of synthetic and continuous jets) over a NACA23012 airfoil. The unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) simulation is performed with Spalart-Allmaras (SA) turbulence model to simulate the flow field around the airfoil to analyse the effect of the hybrid jet. A combined jet is placed at the point of flow separation on the upper surface of the airfoil which is located at the 12% of the chord length from the leading edge of the airfoil for a given flow configuration. Flow simulations are performed at a chord-based Reynolds number of 2.19 × 106 for the hybrid jet oscillating frequency of 0.159 at a blowing ratio of 3.0. The contribution of the continuous jet in the hybrid jet is evident by the flow control. Variation in the continuous jet velocity is studied, which improved the aerodynamic characteristics of the airfoil. The maximum improvement in lift to drag ratio is observed from 11.19 to 22.14 at an angle of attack of 22 degree. The stall angle also shows an enhancement from 18 degree to 20 degree.
Stress Redistribution Near a Crack in Maraging Steel using Composite Patch
Authors: Bhadra Manash Kumar , Gopalan Vinod
Published: October 2021

The presence of a crack significantly reduces the load bearing capacity of a structure made of fracture prone material. The conventional process of repairing a defect is gouging and filling the gouged location by rewelding. It is not only time consuming but also constrained by the number of repairs that can be done as material properties degrade with each round of rewelding. In an attempt to overcome the limitation of the conventional repair process, repairing a defect using composite patch is proposed. The study is carried out on Maraging steel (M250) and the defect considered is a crack. Stress intensity factor (SIF), being an important parameter in fracture-based design, it is evaluated in Abaqus. Extended finite element method is used to model the crack. SIF is used to predict the failure load of a surface cracked tension specimen and the same is compared with the values reported in literature. Composite patch is modelled using woven ply properties. A separate layer of adhesive is also modelled to predict the properties adhesive properties. Failure analysis of each component namely, the Maraging steel plate, the composite patch and the adhesive is carried.  It was observed that the addition of a composite patch completely nullifies the presence of a crack. The patch with thickness 1mm and woven ply properties is having minimal damage initiation and likely to survive. The adhesive properties required is also obtained from the finite element analysis.  Thus, it was observed that a composite patch with woven ply properties and thickness 1mm is able to completely nullify the effect of a crack when bonded with a suitable adhesive as predicted by the analysis.
Colour Memory Analysis for Selected Associative Colours
Authors: Stjepić Marta , Bračko Sabina
Published: October 2021

Colours are one of the most important factors in everyday life. The exact number of existing colours is not yet fully known. Nevertheless, people are known for having poor colour memory. The ability to remember colours depends both on the characteristics of an individual and the situation in which the colour needs to be recalled. The field of colour memory (perception and memory of unusual colours) has been very poorly researched. The aim of this study was to analyse long-term colour memory for selected associative colours, comparing it with short-term colour memory. The research approach was based on observation, with observers observing for a period of time a particular colour, image, or a descriptively given reference colour. Colour was treated separately from associations in the first part, and related to associations in the second and third parts. The first part contained all the reference colours shown independently of associations, the second part contained grayscale images of brands, and the third part comprised descriptively given colours. The result analysis showed that people remember colours very poorly. Observers generally performed better in testing short-term memory. Moreover, the way the template was presented had a noticeable effect on the long-term colour memory. When the image was given in grey, the results were better. The descriptive rendering of reference colours shown did not contribute to better results. The gender of observers did not significantly affect the results.
Głos wołającego na pustyni. O Józefie Patkowskim w kontekście biografii "Ambasador muzyki z Marsa" Agnieszki Pindery
Authors: Atys Szymon
Published: October 2021

The article is a review of book Patkowski. Ambassador of Music from Mars by Agnieszka Pindera, the first biography of Józef Patkowski, Polish musicologist, founder and longtime manager of the Polish Radio Experimental Studio. It contains a summary and evaluation of the book from a musicological perspective. Particular attention was paid to the previously unknown facts about Patkowski’s life established by the author. The text refers to the broad problems of the reception of electronic and avant-garde music in Poland and to the new wave of interest in the SEPR heritage.
Polish Music Published by Moeck 1958 to 1967 – a (Failed?) Transfer from East to West
Authors: Borchers Sebastian
Published: October 2021

From the end of the 1950s, the West German publisher Moeck officially represented the state-led music publishing house PWM ‘in the West’ with the permission of the Polish Ministry of Culture. Beside the distribution of score editions and orchestral performance materials by the PWM, Moeck also represented the interests of Polish composers in the Federal Republic of Germany directly in his own catalogue. Among the first authors of the new series of editions were Kotoński, Lutosławski, Penderecki, Serocki and Szalonek. They belonged to a circle that regularly participated in West German musical life in the 1960s. Despite the spirit of optimism and advantages for the composers, this cooperation also led to problems on several levels. These included the billing of performance materials and the handling of international copyright. This made the participants aware of various limits and led to conflicts – especially on the Polish side. Translation of Polish texts in vocal works into German and English was also not as straightforward as originally planned. The article offers new insights into Polish–German cooperation in the cultural field of music, which went on despite the difficult relationship between the two states then and also beyond the borders of the Cold War.
PR-sketch
Authors: Sheng Siyuan , Huang Qun , Wang Sa , Bao Yungang
Published: October 2021

Computing per-key aggregation is indispensable in streaming data analysis formulated as two phases, an update phase and a recovery phase. As the size and speed of data streams rise, accurate per-key information is useful in many applications like anomaly detection, attack prevention, and online diagnosis. Even though many algorithms have been proposed for per-key aggregation in stream processing, their accuracy guarantees only cover a small portion of keys. In this paper, we aim to achieve nearly full accuracy with limited resource usage. We follow the line of sketch-based techniques. We observe that existing methods suffer from high errors for most keys. The reason is that they track keys by complicated mechanism in the update phase and simply calculate per-key aggregation from some specific counter in the recovery phase. Therefore, we present PR-Sketch, a novel sketching design to address the two limitations. PR-Sketch builds linear equations between counter values and per-key aggregations to improve accuracy, and records keys in the recovery phase to reduce resource usage in the update phase. We also provide an extension called fast PR-Sketch to improve processing rate further. We derive space complexity, time complexity, and guaranteed error probability for both PR-Sketch and fast PR-Sketch. We conduct trace-driven experiments under 100K keys and 1M items to compare our algorithms with multiple state-of-the-art methods. Results demonstrate the resource efficiency and nearly full accuracy of our algorithms.
In the land of data streams where synopses are missing, one framework to bring them all
Authors: Poepsel-Lemaitre Rudi , Kiefer Martin , von Hein Joscha , Quiané-Ruiz Jorge-Arnulfo , Markl Volker
Published: October 2021

In pursuit of real-time data analysis, approximate summarization structures, i.e., synopses, have gained importance over the years. However, existing stream processing systems, such as Flink, Spark, and Storm, do not support synopses as first class citizens, i.e., as pipeline operators. Synopses' implementation is upon users. This is mainly because of the diversity of synopses, which makes a unified implementation difficult. We present Condor, a framework that supports synopses as first class citizens. Condor facilitates the specification and processing of synopsis-based streaming jobs while hiding all internal processing details. Condor's key component is its model that represents synopses as a particular case of windowed aggregate functions. An inherent divide and conquer strategy allows Condor to efficiently distribute the computation, allowing for high-performance and linear scalability. Our evaluation shows that Condor outperforms existing approaches by up to a factor of 75x and that it scales linearly with the number of cores.
Revisiting the design of LSM-tree Based OLTP storage engine with persistent memory
Authors: Yan Baoyue , Cheng Xuntao , Jiang Bo , Chen Shibin , Shang Canfang , Wang Jianying , Huang Gui , Yang Xinjun , Cao Wei , Li Feifei
Published: October 2021

The recent byte-addressable and large-capacity commercialized persistent memory (PM) is promising to drive database as a service (DBaaS) into unchartered territories. This paper investigates how to leverage PMs to revisit the conventional LSM-tree based OLTP storage engines designed for DRAM-SSD hierarchy for DBaaS instances. Specifically we (1) propose a light-weight PM allocator named Hal-loc customized for LSM-tree, (2) build a high-performance Semi-persistent Memtable utilizing the persistent in-memory writes of PM, (3) design a concurrent commit algorithm named Reorder Ring to aschieve log-free transaction processing for OLTP workloads and (4) present a Global Index as the new globally sorted persistent level with non-blocking in-memory compaction. The design of Reorder Ring and Semi-persistent Memtable achieves fast writes without synchronized logging overheads and achieves near instant recovery time. Moreover, the design of Semi-persistent Memtable and Global Index with in-memory compaction enables the byte-addressable persistent levels in PM, which significantly reduces the read and write amplification as well as the background compaction overheads. The overall evaluation shows that the performance of our proposal over PM-SSD hierarchy outperforms the baseline by up to 3.8x in YCSB benchmark and by 2x in TPC-C benchmark.
Stress effect & scale effect on shear properties of double saw-tooth rock joint surface
Authors: Luo Zhanyou , Jiang Mingyao , Mo Linfei , Zou Baoping , Huang Man
Published: October 2021

The shear properties of rock joint control the stability of rock and have an important impact on natural disasters such as landslides and debris flow. In order to study the stress effect and scale effect of shear properties of double saw-tooth rock joint, cement mortar is selected as similar material, a series of mix ratio tests are carried out, and the best mix ratio is obtained. Using rock joint integrated mold and joint panel produced by 3D printing technology, several groups of double saw-tooth joint specimens with different saw-tooth heights, saw-tooth widths, and saw-tooth spacings are made. Under multiple levels of normal stress, direct shear tests of different scale specimens are carried out by self-developed multifunctional rock-soil contact damage test system. Results show that the shear failure modes of double saw-tooth rock joint include couple effect of overriding and cutting off, and cutting off effect, which are mainly controlled by the rock joint morphology and normal stress. Peak shear strength increases with the increase of saw-tooth width and spacing, but the change with saw-tooth height is not obvious. Peak shear strength and peak friction angle of the double saw-tooth rock joint have significant characteristics of stress effect and scale effect.
A General Error Estimate For Parabolic Variational Inequalities
Authors: Alnashri Yahya
Published: October 2021

The gradient discretisation method (GDM) is a generic framework designed recently, as a discretisation in spatial space, to partial differential equations.
This paper aims to use the GDM to establish a first general error estimate for numerical approximations of parabolic obstacle problems.
This gives the convergence rates of several well-known conforming and non-conforming numerical methods.
Numerical experiments based on the hybrid finite volume method are provided to verify the theoretical results.
The degradable time evaluation of degradable polymer film in agriculture based on polyethylene film experiments
Authors: Yang Ning , Feng Liangshan , Li Kaiyu , Feng Chen , Sun Zhanxiang , Liu Jialei
Published: October 2021

Popularly, the application of biodegradable polymer film can resolve polyethylene (PE) film residual “white pollution” but it is unclear when the degradable film begins to degrade in different regions. To solve these issues, a total of 32 papers on the subject of the relative film coverage durability (RFCD) on positive covering effect from papers published before July 2019 were selected and analyzed by meta-analysis. The results showed that the tobacco relative yield (RY), relative profit (RP), and relative fine and medium (RFM) ratio improved by 11.2%, 12.9%, and 12%, respectively, under fully covered compared with the uncovered tobacco in the whole growth period. The RY0.33<RFCD<0.66 and RP0.33<RFCD<0.66 of removed PE treatments significantly improved by 4.3% and 4.0%, respectively, compared with the fully covered treatments. The RFM did not show significance with the fully covered treatments. The RY0.33<RFCD<0.66 was the highest in the low altitude (less than 1,000 m) region; however, the RY under the fully covered treatments was the greatest in the high altitude (more than 1,000 m) region. Random effect analysis showed that the model between RFCD and RY was RY = 1 + 0.275 × (1 − RFCD) – 0.357 × (1 − RFCD)2, and the RYmax(1.053) was reached with RFCD = 0.62 (removed PE after covering for 80 days) in the high-altitude region. In the low altitude region, RFM = 1 + 0.205 × (1 − RFCD) − 0.246 × (1 − RFCD)2, and the RFMmax(1.043) was obtained under the treatments with RFCD = 0.58 (removed PE after covering for 75 days). The findings determined the optimum film (PE) covering period of tobacco and provided a crucial theoretical basis for the degradable polymer film material design, synthesis, and manufacturing in different regions.
Transcultural Competence Model: An Inclusive Path for Communication and Interaction
Authors: Jurkova Sinela
Published: October 2021

The impact of transnational migration and globalization on human society, along with emerging multiple identities, calls for reconceptualization of the meaning of cultural competence and a shift toward transcultural competence—a mode of being and learning in which humans communicate and interact among cultures in a very diverse and dynamic environment. Embracing transculturalism perspective calls for integration of new concepts and approaches in communication and education that promote active participation, adaptation, and interaction. To this end, this essay examines the holistic model for developing transcultural competence that involves inquiry, framing, and positionality that challenge our taken-for-granted frames of references and expand our worldviews. The study also explores how educators and learners develop cognitive, emotional, and social qualities, engaging in dialog and critical reflection that informs our actions as the catalyst for positive social change and transformation. Implementing this holistic perspective toward transcultural education can create an inclusive environment for communicating, interacting, and learning without opposing cultural, national, and ethnic binaries.
Zwitterionic imidazolium salt: an effective green organocatalyst in synthetic chemistry
Authors: Ghosh Sumit , Ghosh Debashis , Hajra Alakananda
Published: October 2021

An environmentally benign, stable yet efficient organocatalyst is highly desirable from the viewpoint of green chemistry and catalysis. Imidazole-based zwitterionic-type molten salts are a new type of organocatalysts with high catalytic application in various organic transformations with added advantage of room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) property. Most importantly, these ionic-liquid catalysts are easily recyclable and subsequently reusable for multiple times without loss of significant catalytic efficiency. It has also been evident that C2–H of the imidazole has a vital role in catalyzing the reaction via electrophilic activation. Moreover, by changing the cations and/or anions, the properties of ILs can be tuned in many ways. In this article, the role of imidazolium zwitterionic molten salts as an organocatalyst for selective organic transformations including syn-selective aza-Henry reaction, Erlenmeyer reaction, synthesis of different heterocycles and their functionalization and regioselective ring-opening reactions has been elaborated chronically which will definitely be helping to the readers to explore this new class of organocatalyst for further applications.
[Msim]CuCl3: as an efficient catalyst for the preparation of 5-amino-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitriles by anomeric based oxidation
Authors: Khazaei Ardeshir , Moosavi-Zare Ahmad Reza , Goudarzi Hadis , Tavasoli Mahsa
Published: October 2021

3-Methyl-1-sulfonic acid imidazolium trichlorido copper (II) {[Msim]CuCl3} was prepared and used as a new catalyst for the preparation of 5-amino-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitriles. In this reaction, the pyrazole ring was formed by an anomeric and vinylogous anomeric effect in the structure of the product.
Inorganic-organic hybrid materials based on the intercalation of radical cations: 2-(4-N-methylpyridinium)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-oxyl-3-N-oxide in fluoromica clay
Authors: Klabunde Sina , Doerenkamp Carsten , de Oliveira Marcos , Zeng Zhaoyang , Eckert Hellmut
Published: October 2021

A systematic structural study on the intercalation of the radical cation 2-(4-N-methylpyridinium)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-oxyl-3-N-oxide (p-MPYNN) into a synthetic fluoromica clay named Somasif® ME 100, Na2x
Mg3.0−x
Si4O10(F
y
OH1−y
)2 (x = 0.33, y = 0.98), has been carried out. The guest–host interactions in these intercalation compounds have been characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and solid-state NMR of the constituent nuclei (23Na, 19F, 27Al and 29Si) of the Somasif lattice. The intercalation process can be quantitatively monitored using 23Na MAS-NMR. As a function of radical ion loading, different kinds of stacking arrangements can be realized, which modify the intermolecular interactions between the electron spins of the guest species, as probed by electron spin resonance (EPR) and 1H solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The results are discussed in relation to previous literature data on similar systems.
Climate Change and Biodiversity Loss
Authors: McElwee Pamela
Published: October 2021

While often treated separately, biodiversity loss and climate change are related and mutually reinforcing problems. Rising temperatures and other climate impacts have seriously altered the composition, function, and structure of many ecosystems and species, some irreversibly. Policies to tackle both problems are clearly needed, but siloed approaches continue to dominate proposed solutions. There are also risks that some climate policies, such as the expansion of afforestation or bioenergy, will have increasingly negative risks on biodiversity. Integrated, innovative, and urgent solutions are needed in order to fulfill increasing calls for transformative change in how we live with nature.
The complexity of the gene and the precision of CRISPR
Authors: Shah Esha , Ludwig David , Macnaghten Phil
Published: October 2021

The rapid development of CRISPR-based gene editing has been accompanied by a polarized governance debate about the status of CRISPR-edited crops as genetically modified organisms. This article argues that the polarization around the governance of gene editing partly reflects a failure of public engagement with the current state of research in genomics and postgenomics. CRISPR-based gene-editing technology has become embedded in a narrow narrative about the ease and precision of the technique that presents the gene as a stable object under technological control. By tracing the considerably destabilized scientific understanding of the gene in genomics and postgenomics, this article highlights that this publicly mediated ontology strategically avoids positioning the “ease of CRISPR-based editing” in the wider context of the “complexity of the gene.” While this strategic narrowness of CRISPR narratives aims to create public support for gene-editing technologies, we argue that it stands in the way of socially desirable anticipatory governance and open public dialogue about societal promises and the unintended consequences of gene editing. In addressing the polarization surrounding CRISPR-based editing technology, the article emphasizes the need for engagement with the complex state of postgenomic science that avoids strategic simplifications of the scientific literature in promoting or opposing the commercial use of the gene-editing technology.
Harmonic Chains
Authors: Laws-Nicola T. J. , Ferguson Brent
Published: October 2021

Omega Quintet (Idea Factory International, 2014), a role-playing video game released for the Sony PlayStation 4, centers around the concept of weaponizing musical entities and apparatuses to combat threats in a dystopian universe. Omega Quintet weaponizes music literally, supernaturally, and economically, both inside and outside of the game narrative. In this article, we interpret these types of weaponization as an extended allegory for consumption. On one level, the surface narrative denotes sound as a murder tool, on another level the player enables violent consumption of these tools, and yet another level reveals the weaponization of agency within a gendered labor market.

The story of Omega Quintet is set in a dystopian Japan overrun by monsters known as the BEEP. Protagonist Takt and his childhood friend, Otoha, join an organization that develops special idols known as Verse Maidens to fight the BEEP. Surviving members of humanity provide the fan base for the Verse Maidens. The Verse Maidens depend on fan support to fuel their powers. Battles in Omega Quintet feature an assortment of musical weaponization. Examples include Sound Weapons as the main conduit for physical attacks, Verse Maidens’ unique songs to play during extended attack sequences known as Live Mode, and special joint attacks known as Harmonic Chains. The battles take the commodification of idols to such an extreme that they are simultaneously consumed and used as weapons. Presented as a duality of fragility and strength, beauty and brutality, art and war, the Verse Maidens are consumed in a complex system of cultural and narrative implications.
Hegel e o pensamento jurídico contemporâneo
Authors: Torrecilha Gustavo
Published: October 2021

A bicentenária filosofia do direito de Hegel ainda contém importantes contribuições para o debate jusfilosófico contemporâneo. Essas contribuições surgem, por exemplo, ao se traçar contraposições ao juspositivismo, uma das principais correntes contemporâneas da filosofia do direito, especialmente no que diz respeito à figura de Kelsen. Enquanto o juspositivismo advoga por uma visão objetiva sobre o direito, o mais próximo possível de uma ciência, elegendo a norma como seu objeto e afastando o direito de demais esferas da vida social, especialmente a moral e a política, Hegel propõe uma visão sistemática, onde o direito é, ao lado da moralidade e da eticidade, parte do espírito objetivo, de todo o universo prático racional. A partir dessa compreensão, Hegel é capaz de explicar o direito positivo como resultado de uma evolução conceitual que pretende a universalização do direito abstrato, o qual, por sua vez, tem início na personalidade enquanto expressão mais básica da liberdade, sendo sua efetivação a categoria da propriedade. Essa universalização apenas pode ser atingida na esfera das relações éticas, quando o direito se torna positivo. Mesmo assim, Hegel ressalta que o direito positivo nem sempre é condizente com o direito racional, pois o direito positivo em determinado contexto não necessariamente corresponde à evolução da autoconsciência da liberdade. Tendo em vista a sistemática conceitual por detrás do direito, Hegel consegue superar algumas das dificuldades que o juspositivismo possui no que diz respeito à crítica de normas que claramente ferem a liberdade humana.
A method to update traditional explanatory dictionaries
Authors: Petrauskaitė Rūta , Dadurkevičius Virginijus
Published: October 2021

In the paper the method is presented how to update traditional digitalised dictionaries based on comparison of the dictionary lemmas and a big corpus. Hunspell platform is used for generation of all the word forms from the dictionary lemmas. 6th edition of The Dictionary of Modern Lithuanian was chosen for its comparison with the lexical data from The Joint Corpus of Lithuanian. The outcome of the comparison was two lists of non-overlapping lexis: the list of the dictionary lemmas unused in the present-day Lithuanian and the list of the dictionary gaps, i.e., frequently used words and word forms ignored by the dictionary. The latter is discussed in greater detail to give lexicographers a clue for updates.
Спогади про міжнародну наукову діяльність видатного вченого-океанолога академіка НАН України В.М. Єремеєва
Authors: Щипцов Олександр Анатолійович
Published: October 2021

Статтю присвячено пам’яті видатного українського вченого в галузі океанології, гідрохімії та екології Чорноморського басейну і Світового океану, лауреата Державної премії України в галузі науки і техніки (2000), заслуженого діяча науки і техніки України (2003), лауреата премії ім. В.І. Вернадського НАН України (1990), доктора фізико-математичних наук (1988), професора (1991), академіка НАН України (1997) Валерія Миколайовича Єремеєва.
Changes in the structure and dominance of the zooplankton community of the Kremenchuk Reservoir under the effect of climate changes
Authors: Kruzhylina S. V. , Buzevych I. Y. , Rudyk-Leuska N. Y. , Khyzhniak M. I. , Didenko A. V.
Published: October 2021

Zooplankton plays an important role in aquatic food webs and changes in its abundance and diversity under changing climatic conditions can significantly affect the abundance and diversity of other aquatic organisms. The aim of the study was to assess quantitative and qualitative parameters of zooplankton development, dynamics of development of its dominant groups and the effect of water temperature. Species composition and abundance of zooplankton of the Kremenchuk Reservoir were studied in 2006, 2010–2012 and 2020 in relation to water temperature and pollution. Zooplankton species diversity fluctuated significantly over the years of the study. A total of 46 taxa were recorded in the reservoir during the study period. The number of recorded zooplankton taxa ranged 26 to 32 depending on the year. The most abundant zooplankters were Chydorus sphaericus, Copepoda nauplii, Brachionus diversicornis. The abundance of zooplankters in the reservoir during the study period ranged 23·103 to 256·103 ind./m3, and biomass 0.14 to 0.89 g/m3. A significant positive relationship was observed between the abundance of cladocerans, including some individual species (Ch. sphaericus and Ceriodaphnia sp.), and water temperature. Indicator species of water pollution in different years and in different parts of the Kremenchuk Reservoir differed significantly, which probably depended on the presence or absence (in a certain period of time) of polluting discharges. The total saprobity index in different years in different parts of the reservoir was in the range of 1.5–1.9. Structural indicators of zooplankton and its dominant complexes characterize the water in the Kremenchuk Reservoir as β-mesosaprobic. It is probably too early to assess the impact of climate change zooplankton as these changes are still unstable and short in time, but it is necessary to constantly monitor the biota of aquatic ecosystems to further study and summarize the data, which could later allow an identification of such changes.
The American Dreams and Nightmares of Polish Immigrants
Authors: Trąbska Agnieszka
Published: October 2021

This article focuses on the theme of the American Dream and its dark side in relation to Polish immigration to America. It attempts to explain various reasons behind Polish immigration based on the immigrants’ age and social status, as well as the unpleasant consequences of their decision to leave their homeland. The issues faced by Polish immigrants and Polish Americans can be better understood in the light of a brief outline of the sociopolitical situation in Poland. The aim of this article is to demonstrate the negative effects of immigrants’ belief in the American Dream and to shed light on the intergenerational identity of Polish Americans.
Cristianismo y sentido de la vida: una reflexión a partir del pensamiento de Joseph Ratzinger
Authors: Sada Alejandro
Published: October 2021

En este artículo ofrezco una reflexión para iluminar la cuestión del sentido de la vida a partir del pensamiento de Joseph Ratzinger. Para el teólogo alemán, el hombre solo puede hallarle sentido a su vida en la verdad. Mi intención es mostrar que el logocentrismo del autor ofrece la base metafísica más adecuada para articular la relación que existe entre el sentido y la verdad. Analizando cada uno de los cuatro sentidos de «sentido» que identifica el filósofo canadiense Jean Grondin, muestro que la fe cristiana, tal como la entiende Ratzinger, es una oferta de sentido muy completa.