bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SoTL: A mechanism for understanding and finding solutions to teaching and learning challenges
Authors: Vorster Jo-Anne
Published: September 2020

The paper argues that the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) is a necessary strategy for mitigating the many teaching and learning challenges in South African higher education that prevent a large proportion of students from achieving academic success. Research suggests that well-structured and coordinated educational practices that are valued and supported by institutions are crucial for student success. While there exists a very useful body of scholarship on teaching and learning in higher education in South Africa, the persistently high levels of student failure and dropout across the system points to the need for more research into teaching and learning dilemmas in diverse institutional, disciplinary and classroom contexts. I argue that if more academics are to conduct SoTL, it has to be valued and supported by institutions and academic leaders. Even though more SoTL is needed to contribute to solving the many pedagogic dilemmas South African academics encounter, it is counter-productive to expect all academics to conduct SoTL. Rigorous SoTL requires immersion in educational ideas, concepts, theories and research processes. Many academics may not have the time or inclination to work in the area of SoTL, but I suggest that all must be scholarly teachers of their disciplines.
Keywords: Scholarly teaching, Domains of SoTL, Collaborative SoTL Participatory parity, CurriculumHow to cite this article:Vorster, J-A. 2020. SoTL: A mechanism for understanding and finding solutions to teaching and learning challenges. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in the South. 4(2): 6-21. https://doi.org/10.36615/sotls.v4i2.149.This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Book review: Standing Items: critical pedagogies in South African art, design and architecture, edited by Brenden Gray, Shashi Cullinan Cook, Tariq Toffa and Amie Soudien
Authors: Horner Bridget
Published: September 2020

In this review of Standing Items: critical pedagogies in South African art, design and architecture, edited by Brenden Gray, Shashi Cullinan Cook, Tariq Toffa and Amie Soudien, book reviewer Bridget Horner observes that for the scholarship of teaching and learning this book could serve as a source of possible teaching methods within the arts; however, this would negate policymakers, management of institutions, educators, discipline professionals and artists from viewing this book’s real potential, which is identifying and explaining the challenges faced within higher education, as well as opportunities for change – through critical pedagogy–  in a country that still holds unaddressed ‘standing items’ related to its colonial and apartheid past within the present neoliberal agenda.

 

Keywords: Critical pedagogies, South Africa, Book review, Art design and architectureHow to cite this article:Horner, B. 2020. Book review: Standing Items: critical pedagogies in South African art, design and architecture, edited by Brenden Gray, Shashi Cullinan Cook, Tariq Toffa and Amie Soudien. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in the South. 4(2): 239-243. https://doi.org/10.36615/sotls.v4i2.151.This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
FUNCTIONAL CALCULATION OF DRUM BRAKE OF AUTOMOBILES AND MOTORCYCLES
Authors: Mamiti G.I. , Lyanov M.S. , Slanov S.A.
Published: September 2020

Refined formulae are given for the functional calculation of drum brake mechanisms with fixed axes of rotation of the shoes and with self-aligning shoes.
Keywords:
FUNCTIONAL CALCULATION, DRUM BRAKE MECHANISM, BRAKING TORQUE (FRICTION MOMENT), OPTIMAL, INCLINATION ANGLE, SUPPORT SURFACE, SELF-ALIGNING SHOE
Methodology for determining losses in the transmission of two-axle wheeled vehicles
Authors: Valeev D.H. , Gumerov I.F. , Karabtsev V.S.
Published: September 2020

Based on the analysis of studies on determination the resistance force in the transmission of a two-axle wheeled vehicle, it was established that the developed methods and the results obtained with their help are not entirely correct: the dimension of the left and right parts of the expressions is violated in the formulas of some researchers; when using the method for determining the driveout of a vehicle’s transmission, it is not taken into account that the driving and driven gear wheels of the main gear in this case do not interact in the same way as when they rotate in traction mode. To eliminate these shortcomings, a formula is proposed, obtained using the dimension theory for physical quantities, and an improved methodology for determining the indicated resistance force is developed.
Keywords
wheeled vehicle, transmission, losses, efficiency, fuel consumption, motion resistance forces, bench, chassis.
Vladimir.Karabtsev@kamaz.ru
Development of a mathematical model of the influence of wall thickness on the strain rate when profiling pipes by drawing
Authors: Okulov R.A. , Semenova N.V.
Published: September 2020

The change in the intensity of the deformation of the pipe wall during profiling by drawing was studied. The dependence of the strain intensity on the wall thickness of the workpiece is obtained to predict the processing results in the production of shaped pipes with desired properties.
Keywords
drawing, profile pipe, wall thickness, strain rate.
n.v.semenova@urfu.ru
Combined burnishing of cylindrical billets with a modified hole surface
Authors: Shchedrin A.V. , Aleshin V.F. , Bekaev А.А. , Chikhacheva N.Yu.
Published: September 2020

A refined mathematical model of the burnishing forces of hollow cylindrical billets by a tool with regular microgeometry was obtained using metal-clad lubricants that realize the Garkunov—Kragel’skiy wear-free effect during friction.
Keywords
burnishing force, regular relief, metal-clad lubricant.
bekaev@list.ru
MEMBANGUN PENDIDIKAN KELUARGA DI ATAS PUNDI-PUNDI RABBANIYYAH
Authors: Surasman Otong
Published: September 2020

Melihat kondisi bangsa Indonesia saat ini, bahkan di seluruh belahan dunia yang sedang dilanda virus corona, mengalami kehidupan yang sangat memprihatinkan, termasuk musibah besar karena sudah menelan begitu sangat banyak akibat virus corona. Pada sisi lainnya, tentunya sangat penting untuk membangun pendidikan keluarga di atas pundi-pundi Rabbaniyyah ini, agar dalam menyikapi kehidupan, apa pun yang terjadi di sekitarnya atau di lingkungan manusia berada, tetap mempunyai keyakinan bahwa dibalik itu pasti ada hikmah yang bisa ambil sebagai pelajaran. Sehingga bagi manusia yang beriman, musibah virus corona adalah bisa dimaknai sebagai teguran dari Allah Swt bagi orang-orang yang mengingkari kebesaran dan kekuasan Allah Swt. Juga sekaligus mengingatkan kepada manusia yang tidak menggunakan akal sehatnya, agar mampu berpikir kembali, bahwa pemberian atau anugerah yang diberikan Allah Swt berupa kemampuan berpikir untuk berkarya, harus berupaya dengan kemampuan ilmunya untuk menciptakan kemaslahatan umum, bukan sebaliknya. Apalah artinya adanya PBB (Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa), ketika tidak mampu menciptakan keamanan dunia dan perdamaian dunia. Maka saatnyalah untuk kembali berpikir positif, bahwa manusia diciptakan Allah SWT dan dijadikan khalifah di muka bumi ini adalah bertugas memakmurkan bumi, bukan untuk menghancurkannya.
KREATIVITAS GURU FIQIH DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Heryanto Lezi , Amda Ahmad Dibul , Ristianti Dina Hajja
Published: September 2020

This study aimed at finding out the depiction of Fiqh teacher’s creativities in improving students’ learning skills. The present study applied a qualitative approach by engaging the Fiqh teacher at Madrasah Aliyah Baitul Makmur in Curup Utara District as the key informant. The data were garnered from observations and interviews. Once the data were collected, the data were further analyzed using the theory proposed Miles et al comprising data reduction, data presentation, verification, and conclusion drawing. It seemed that the Fiqh teacher’s creativities at MA Baitul Makmur in teaching were very good. This was evident that in teaching the teacher applied various methods and used various media in order that the Fiqh-related materials could be delivered in interesting ways and could trigger comfortable learning situations alongside lowering students’ boredom in the classroom.  The teacher’s evaluation in viewing students’ abilities to learn was conducted in various ways. That ranged from written and spoken assessments, portfolio, and practice-based assessments. With the Fiqh teacher’s creativities at MA Baitul Makmur, students' learning skills gain improvement.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN MORAL DAN KOMPETENSI SOSIAL GURU TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER SISWA SMP MANBA’UL ULUM JAKARTA
Authors: Tenrere Syamsul Bahri , Farizal Farizal , Rifa'i Ahmad
Published: September 2020

This research is a quantitative research, data collection was done by collecting primary and secondary data sources. The sample of this study was 89 respondents using random sampling from a total of 382 students of SMP Manba'ul Ulum, West Jakarta. The coefficient of reliability test results for moral education is 0.907, the results of the reliability test for the Social Competence of Teachers are 0.912, and the results of the reliability test for character building are 0.915. Hypothesis using inferential test. The results showed that improving moral education at SMP Manba'ul Ulum was carried out by: routine activities, spontaneous activities, exemplary, conditioning, integration of moral values in every subject, culture as if, and involving all components in school to improve character building students by way of introduction, understanding, exemplary and habituation. In order for the social competence of teachers to be better, it must be improved by training, seminars, reading literacy books regarding teacher competence and further studies.
Pengaruh Penambahan Berbagai Konsentrasi L-Ascorbic Acid Terhadap Kemampuan Migrasi Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Asal Manusia
Authors: Karina Karina , Rosadi Imam , Subroto Wismo Reja , Zakiyah Alfida , Afini Irsyah , Rosliana Iis , Widyastuti Tias , Sobariah Siti
Published: September 2020

Abstrak - Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) merupakan sel yang memiliki kemampuan memperbarui diri dan berdiferensiasi menjadi berbagai jenis sel. MSCs berperan penting dalam perbaikan dan regenerasi jaringan. Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs) merupakan MSCs yang didapatkan dari jaringan lemak. ADSCs telah banyak digunakan dalam studi MSCs karena ketersediaan sumber sel yang banyak dalam jaringan tubuh dan proses isolasinya lebih mudah serta memiliki risiko yang lebih rendah. Pada studi ini, ADSCs digunakan untuk mengetahui kemampuan migrasi dalam medium yang mengandung fetal bovine serum 10% (FBS) dengan penambahan L-Ascorbic Acid (LAA) konsentrasi 0%, 1%, 3% dan 6%. Kuantifikasi kemampuan migrasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik goresan luka. ADSCs yang dikulturkan menunjukkan morfologi seperti fibroblas. Luas penutupan luka menunjukkan hasil tertinggi dengan perbedaan yang tidak signifikan pada penambahan konsentrasi LAA 3% dan 6% dibandingkan penambahan LAA 0%, 1% dan kontrol. Hasil ini juga ditunjukkan pada pasase 7, 8, dan 9. ADSCs menunjukkan kemampuan migrasi yang optimal pada penambahan LAA 3% dan 6% dibandingkan medium dengan penambahan LAA 0%, 1% dan kontrol.

Abstract - Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multilineage cells with the ability to self-renew and differentiate into a variety of cell types. MSCs play important role in tissue repair and regeneration. Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs) are MSCs derived from fat tissue. ADSCs has been widely used in MSCs studies because it require more cell sources in body tissue and the process of isolation is easier and has lower risk. In this study, ADSCs were used to determine migration ability in a medium containing 10% bovine fetal serum (FBS) using 0%, 1%, 3% and 6% of L-Ascorbic Acid (LAA) concentrations. Quantification of migration ability was done by using scratch technique. ADSCs were cultured display fibroblasts-like morphology. The closure of wound area is highest with not significantly difference in LAA concentrations of 3% and 6% compared to LAA 0%, 1% and control. This results were also showed on 7, 8, and 9 cell passage. ADSCs showed optimal migration ability at LAA 3% and 6% compared to media with LAA 0%, 1% and control.

Keywords - ADSCs, Cells Migration, LAA.
The Environment of ‘Multipolarity’ and Foreign Policy of Pakistan: An Appraisal
Authors: Sargana Dr. Tauqeer Hussain , Sargana Dr. Mujahid Hussain
Published: September 2020

This paper is an attempt to analyze the emerging international environment and assess the Foreign Policy of Pakistan to determine what it needs to focus on since the world has entered into new dynamics of international politics. The study makes the point that contestation of international politics had allowed transformation of political actors from one to another and reveals that the political dynamics of Cold War, post-Cold War with that of post 9/11 world order have accommodated the transformation from bipolarity to unipolarity, and onward to multipolarity as the contemporary phase of political order. Answers are surrounded with a question, how and why the above factions of politics undermined geopolitical relevance of Pakistan as leading state in the region while making it a client state to global competition. The appraisal is carried out by analyzing the emerging trends and drivers of the international environment, which is followed by Pakistan’s policies since the end of the cold war, the challenges it faces in the light of the emerging international environment, and suggested policy options. The study is deductive in nature and premises neoliberal ‘complex interdependence’ of Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye (1977) to contest the very philosophical fabric of bipolarity, unipolarity and multipolarity.
Is Entertainment Media too Extravagant to Lead us to Flamboyant Lifestyle?
Authors: Sabir Dr. Imran , Nazir Hifza , Rehman Shams ur
Published: September 2020

Modern world is irrevocably represented by the implicit role of media in our lives. Although scholars are enthusiastically and obdurately busy in producing huge variety of literature, its gigantic impact on our collective and individual behavior is yet to be fully known. Present research was conducted to find out the portrayal of the extent and varieties of extravagant content in Pakistani Television Dramas by employing content analysis. Extravagance was operationalized for physical appearances, diet patterns (the amount and variety of food on the dining table), marriage rituals, and ways of celebrations of lead actors in popular Pakistani dramas of the 1990s (between 1991 and 2000) and 2010s (between 2011 and 2019). The findings of the study suggest that popular entertainment media have been invariably promoting consumerism through the extravagant, flamboyant, and sybaritic representation of our living. Conclusively, extravagance has always been portrayed as a norm, rather than an exception in human life.
Autologous Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Cell Transplantation in the Treatment of Freiberg's Disease: Case Report
Authors: Daltro Paula
Published: September 2020

Background: Osteonecrosis of the metatarsal head, classically known as Freiberg's disease, presents as aseptic necrosis of the epiphysis of undefined etiology, although it may be associated with trauma, prolonged corticotherapy or systemic diseases such as sickle cell disease. There are several techniques described for the treatment of osteonecrosis secondary to sickle cell disease.

Methods: Case report and the surgical description of the use of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the 2nd metatarsal head.

Results: Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging performed after one year of follow-up showed a regression of the findings found in the preoperative evaluation.

Conclusion: This is the first time that the technique of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell implantation has been employed for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the metatarsal head. The case reported shows that the technique is safe and brings good results after conservative treatment failure.
The Effect of Stem Cell Therapy in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Gallicchio Vincent S.
Published: September 2020

Autism Spectrum Disorder [ASD] is a neuro developmental disorder that is characterized by abnormal social interaction/communication and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. Although there is a lack of knowledge surrounding the ASD’s etiology, one common hypothesis posits that the causative pathology is immune system deregulation [ISD]. Patients with ASD experience ISD in the form of overactive microglia and astroglia in the brain, overactive cytokines in the brain and blood plasma, and underactive T lymphocytes in the blood plasma. Mesenchymal stem cells [MSCs] and mononuclear cells, which contain a mixture of MSCs and hematopoietic stem cells [HSCs], are promising candidates for treatment of ASD. MSCs secrete several molecules that may restore injured tissue and anti-inflammatory molecules that may mediate neuro inflammation. MSCs also exhibit immuno modulatory effects which may regulate the immune response observed in ASD.HSCs secrete various cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors that may further regulate the abnormal immune response observed in ASD. In addition, HSC CD34+ down regulates pro-inflammatory molecules and up regulates anti-inflammatory molecules which may mediate neuro inflammation in ASD. Based on the results of several clinical trials, MSC and mononuclear cell therapies are safe and effective. To date, they have not been shown to cause adverse side effects. In addition, there have been several instances of reduced ASD symptoms due to the therapies. Nevertheless, much research is still needed into further investigating the etiology of ASD and the mechanism of stem cell therapies to truly understand the benefits of stem cell therapy for ASD.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Terhadap Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja Tentang Dating Violence di Akademi kebidanan Abdi Persada Banjarmasin
Authors: Ari Lestari Nur Cahyani , Nadiantari Wahyu , Utami Syahrida Wahyu
Published: September 2020

Dating violence is violence in a love relationship committed by someone to regulate their partners to obey their desires. If adolescents have a correct understanding of dating violence, adolescents will be able to understand the dangers and alternative ways to avoid and overcome them, so that they will develop attitudes that refuse dating violence. This study aims to determine the effect of health education on adolescent knowledge and attitudes about dating violence at the Abdi Persada Academy of Midwifery, Banjarmasin. The research design used was a pre-experimental design using one group pre-test-post-test design. Sampling used Porposive Sampling, namely 103 AKBID Abdi Persada Banjarmasin students. Data collection using questionnaires in the form of 27 knowledge questions and 16 attitude statements. Bivariate analysis using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed that before being given health education, there were 94 respondents in the sufficient category of knowledge (91.3%), and 82 respondents (79.6%) negative attitudes, after being given health education knowledge in the good category amounted to 103 respondents (100%), and negative attitudes as many as 54 respondents (52.4%). So there is the effect of health education on adolescent knowledge and attitudes about dating violence because the p value
Recent developments in enantioselective photocatalysis
Authors: Prentice Callum , Morrisson James , Smith Andrew D , Zysman-Colman Eli
Published: September 2020

Enantioselective photocatalysis has rapidly grown into a powerful tool for synthetic chemists. This review describes the various strategies for creating enantioenriched products through merging enantioselective catalysis and photocatalysis, with a focus on the most recent developments and a particular interest in the proposed mechanisms for each. With the aim of understanding the scope of each strategy, to help guide and inspire further innovation in this field.
Delphinidin, Luteolin and Halogenated Boroxine Modulate CAT Gene Expression in Cultured Lymphocytes
Authors: TOMİC Nikolina , HADZİC Maida , LOJO-KADRİC Naida , RAMİC Jasmin , POJSKİC Lejla
Published: September 2020

Luteolin and delphinidin are the flavonoids with known protective roles. They inhibit genotoxic effects induced by halogenated boroxine (HB) in vitro. Statistically significant decrease in the frequency of micronuclei and nuclear buds and suppression of the occurrence of aberrant cells were observed before, but mechanism of its anti-genotoxic activity is still not clear. In our experiment we aimed to quantify HB effects on the relative expression of CAT (catalase) gene and explore antioxidative effects of luteolin and delphinidin via restoration of CAT gene activity. Cell cultures from peripheral blood lymphocytes of five healthy donors were established and treated with independent and concomitant treatments of HB with luteolin or delphinidin. Total RNA was isolated from harvested cells and reverse-transcribed. SYBR based Real-Time PCR amplification method was used. Analysis of results included normalization of ratio of target (CAT) and housekeeping (GAPDH) gene and statistical analysis (REST®). Luteolin itself lead to downregulation of relative CAT gene expression as well as HB. But simultaneous treatment of HB and bioflavonoids lead to upregulation. Delphinidin as independent treatment and as simultaneous treatment caused upregulation of relative CAT gene expression. Obtained results may indicate protective role of delphinidin and luteolin to oxidative damage caused by HB, and also that new approaches to the treatment applications of HB should include bioflavonoids and monitoring corresponding antioxidant system. Our findings indicate that there is a quantifiable effect of luteolin and delphinidine on antioxidant genes which could be used in exact monitoring of oxidative stress related events.
Review of Social-Media Dissociation During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Singh Dr. Anuj , Chauhan Dr. Neha Singh , Singh Dr. Shailendra Kumar
Published: September 2020

The pervasive mental breakdown of COVID19 with compulsion of social distancing and isolation barricaded the human relation. This calamity has built up new rules in the society for survival of mankind. Compelling technological based interaction through social media as the safest mode of interaction. But excessive social media networking leads addiction, obsession and finally to depression respectively. As proven with previous literature, there is almost 50% surge in social media usage, resulting in three fold enhancement of depression during this pandemic. This review is attempted to emphasis, how excessive social media networking hampers mental well being of the community along with suggestive measure to overcome this issue.
MILITARY AND DEMOGRAPHIC INTER-LINKAGES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE LITHUANIAN SUSTAINABILITY
Authors: Meidutė-Kavaliauskienė Ieva , Dudzevičiūtė Gitana , Maknickienė Nijolė
Published: September 2020

This paper aims at investigating military and demographic inter-linkages in the context of the Lithuanian sustainability. The investigation combines three important economic aspects such as demographic, military and sustainable development. The authors have revealed that demographic trends should be seen as a necessary conditions for ensuring the functioning of the military sector contributes to public security and sustainable development in general. Correlation and stepwise regression analysis, also Monte Carlo forecasting method have been applied for this purpose. Research results have revealed statistically significant interrelationship between military personnel as a share of total labour force and population growth rate, population median age, total fertility rate as well as birth rate. Moreover, Monte Carlo forecasting method allowed revealing for the next 10 years a steady slight increase in armed forces personnel, stable population growth rates, a rapid aging process and a slight decline of total fertility rate. Military and demographic estimations and future projections allow government to incorporate information into planning and sustainable development policy. The insights from this research may contribute to implementing the goals of sustainable development related to eradication of poverty, inequality, social exclusion, improvement in education, well-being and employment and tackling climate change.
A KELT–TESS Eclipsing Binary in a Young Triple System Associated with the Local “Stellar String” Theia 301
Authors: Cunningham Joni-Marie C. , Feliz Dax L. , Dixon Don M. , Pepper Joshua , Stassun Keivan G. , Siverd Robert J. , Zhou George , Bayliss Daniel , Tan Thiam-Guan , Cargile Phillip , James David , Kuhn Rudolf B. , Kounkel Marina
Published: September 2020

HD 54236 is a nearby, wide common-proper-motion visual pair that has been previously identified as likely being very young by virtue of strong X-ray emission and lithium absorption. Here, we report the discovery that the brighter member of the wide pair, HD 54236A, is itself an eclipsing binary (EB), comprising two near-equal solar-mass stars on a 2.4 days orbit. It represents a potentially valuable opportunity to expand the number of benchmark-grade EBs at young stellar ages. Using new observations of Ca ii H and K emission and lithium absorption in the wide K-dwarf companion, HD 54236B, we obtain a robust age estimate of 225 ± 50 Myr for the system. This age estimate and Gaia proper motions show HD 54236 is associated with Theia 301, a newly discovered local “stellar string,” which itself may be related to the AB Dor moving group through shared stellar members. Applying this age estimate to AB Dor itself alleviates reported tension between observation and theory that arises for the luminosity of AB Dor C when younger age estimates are used.
Distinguishing between Wet and Dry Atmospheres of TRAPPIST-1 e and f
Authors: Wunderlich Fabian , Scheucher Markus , Godolt M. , Grenfell J. L. , Schreier F. , Schneider P. C. , Wilson D. J. , Sánchez-López A. , López-Puertas M. , Rauer H.
Published: September 2020

The nearby TRAPPIST-1 planetary system is an exciting target for characterizing the atmospheres of terrestrial planets. The planets e, f, and g lie in the circumstellar habitable zone and could sustain liquid water on their surfaces. During the extended pre–main-sequence phase of TRAPPIST-1, however, the planets may have experienced extreme water loss, leading to a desiccated mantle. The presence or absence of an ocean is challenging to determine with current and next-generation telescopes. Therefore, we investigate whether indirect evidence of an ocean and/or a biosphere can be inferred from observations of the planetary atmosphere. We introduce a newly developed photochemical model for planetary atmospheres, coupled to a radiative-convective model, and validate it against modern Earth, Venus, and Mars. The coupled model is applied to the TRAPPIST-1 planets e and f, assuming different surface conditions and varying amounts of CO2 in the atmosphere. As input for the model we use a constructed spectrum of TRAPPIST-1, based on near-simultaneous data from X-ray to optical wavelengths. We compute cloud-free transmission spectra of the planetary atmospheres and determine the detectability of molecular features using the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) and the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). We find that under certain conditions the existence or nonexistence of a biosphere and/or an ocean can be inferred by combining 30 transit observations with ELT and JWST within the K band. A nondetection of CO could suggest the existence of an ocean, whereas significant CH4 hints at the presence of a biosphere.
Precollapse Properties of Superluminous Supernovae and Long Gamma-Ray Burst Progenitor Models
Authors: Aguilera-Dena David R. , Langer Norbert , Antoniadis John , Müller Bernhard
Published: September 2020

We analyze the properties of 42 rapidly rotating, low-metallicity, quasi-chemically homogeneously evolving stellar models in the mass range between 4 and 45

at the time of core collapse. Such models were proposed as progenitors for both superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) and long-duration gamma-ray bursts (lGRBs) and the Type Ic-BL supernovae (SNe) that are associated with them. Our findings suggest that whether these models produce a magnetar-driven SLSN explosion or a near-critically rotating black hole is not a monotonic function of the initial mass. Rather, their explodability varies nonmonotonically depending on the late core evolution, once chemical homogeneity is broken. Using different explodability criteria, we find that our models have a clear preference to produce SLSNe at lower masses and lGRBs at higher masses, but we find several exceptions, expecting lGRBs to form from stars as low as 10

and SLSNe with progenitors as massive as 30

. In general, our models reproduce the predicted angular momenta, ejecta masses, and magnetic field strengths at core collapse inferred for SLSNe and lGRBs and suggest significant interaction with their circumstellar medium, particularly for explosions with low ejecta mass.
Inference of the Local Interstellar Spectra of Cosmic-Ray Nuclei Z ≤ 28 with the GalProp–HelMod Framework
Authors: Boschini M. J. , Torre S. Della , Gervasi M. , Grandi D. , Jóhannesson G. , Vacca G. La , Masi N. , Moskalenko I. V. , Pensotti S. , Porter T. A. , Quadrani L. , Rancoita P. G. , Rozza D. , Tacconi M.
Published: September 2020

Composition and spectra of Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) are vital for studies of high-energy processes in a variety of environments and on different scales, for interpretation of γ-ray and microwave observations, for disentangling possible signatures of new phenomena, and for understanding of our local Galactic neighborhood. Since its launch, AMS-02 has delivered outstanding-quality measurements of the spectra of

,

, and nuclei: 1H–8O, 10Ne, 12Mg, 14Si. These measurements resulted in a number of breakthroughs; however, spectra of heavier nuclei and especially low-abundance nuclei are not expected until later in the mission. Meanwhile, a comparison of published AMS-02 results with earlier data from HEAO-3-C2 indicates that HEAO-3-C2 data may be affected by undocumented systematic errors. Utilizing such data to compensate for the lack of AMS-02 measurements could result in significant errors. In this paper we show that a fraction of HEAO-3-C2 data match available AMS-02 measurements quite well and can be used together with Voyager 1 and ACE-CRIS data to make predictions for the local interstellar spectra (LIS) of nuclei that are not yet released by AMS-02. We are also updating our already-published LIS to provide a complete set from 1H–28Ni in the energy range from 1 MeV nucleon−1 to ∼100–500 TeV nucleon−1, thus covering 8–9 orders of magnitude in energy. Our calculations employ the GalProp–HelMod framework, which has proved to be a reliable tool in deriving the LIS of CR

, e
−, and nuclei 1H–8O.
Earthworm species and density in semi-natural grasslands on rice paddy levees in Japanese satoyama
Authors: Kishimoto-Yamada Keiko , Minamiya Yukio
Published: September 2020

Earthworms contribute to the sustainability of food webs in the semi-natural grasslands of levees at paddy margins, which are typical components of satoyama, the traditional agricultural landscapes of Japan. Thus far, few studies have focused on earthworm fauna of paddy levees in satoyama. In this study, we investigated earthworm fauna and regional and monthly changes in earthworm density. We found at least 11 species of earthworms living within levees on Sado Island, central Japan. Two endogeic species, Amynthas corticis (Megascolecidae) and Eisenia japonica (Lumbricidae), were dominant in terms of number of adult individuals; these two species appeared in all study regions. We also estimated an average of ~57.4 individuals/m2 for all stages of earthworms in levees, suggesting that rice paddy levees have relatively-high earthworm density. However, such tendencies differed depending on the region. In addition, monthly changes in density were observed in the topsoil of the levees. Our results imply that differences in earthworm assemblages amongst regions and months may influence the availability of food resources for various animals inhabiting satoyama.
Indigenous Nurses and Professional Education: Friends or Foes?
Authors: Weaver Hilary N
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT

While the importance of cultural issues in nursing practices has been recognized, little attention has been directed to evaluating to what extent nursing education respects the cultural norms and values of students from diverse populations. A survey was used to explore the educational experiences of 40 Native American nurses. Respondents indicated that cultural content in their education was quite limited, they wanted more cultural content, and sometimes they obtained it from other sources. Many respondents found no support for their cultural identity during their nursing education. Those who did find support found it mainly through student groups, tribal or Native-specific programs, and through informal peer support. Many respondents identified struggles with culture shock and cultural differences, stereotypes and racist attitudes, isolation, and assumptions about their own cultural identity. This study makes an important contribution by bringing voices of indigenous nurses to the attention of the profession and by moving beyond practice wisdom to join with the growing body of research that is adding an empirical dimension to transcultural nursing literature.
Technical Efficiency Through Innovative Methods and Estimations in Financial Markets
Authors: Kokkinou Aikaterini
Published: September 2020

This paper investigates technical efficiency estimation in financial markets, using both parametric and non-parametric techniques: parametric Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) approach or non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). This chapter focuses on reviewing the stochastic frontier analysis literature regarding estimating inefficiency in financial markets level, as well as explaining producer heterogeneity along with the relationships with productive efficiency level. This chapter investigates technical efficiency estimation in financial markets, using both parametric and non-parametric techniques: parametric Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) approach or non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). More specifically, this chapter focuses on reviewing the stochastic frontier analysis literature regarding estimating inefficiency, its industrial level, as well as explaining producer heterogeneity along with the relationships with productive efficiency level.
An Overview of Diversities in the Use of the Profit and Loss Statement
Authors: Oncioiu Ionica V. , Calotă Traian Ovidiu , Tănase Alin Eliodor
Published: September 2020

The abolition of the economic boundaries of different countries also has implications for the monitoring of businesses through accounting. In this context, the profit and loss account is that component which reflects the performance of the enterprise, that is, the extent to which it has achieved its objectives in terms of profit. In the income statement, there are flows that determine the result, understood in principle as a variation in equity during a financial period. Defining the performance of an enterprise is different, depending on the interest of the users, on the principles, conventions and accounting rules used to determine the outcome. This is what specialists in the field call accounting policies. This chapter examines the Profit and Loss Statement in the context of scarce and expensive resources, which must be used efficiently. The results show that it is necessary for companies to determine efficiency indicators by comparing the effects obtained with the efforts and the resources consumed by the company and operated by the management.
Neuroeconomic Perspectives for Economics
Authors: Larsen Torben
Published: September 2020

Neoliberalism is based on the economic rationality of economic agents, but both cognitive shortcomings and emotional biases in economics decision-making are well documented. A neuroeconomic model (NeM) comprising seven different nodes in a client-server-integrator system (cybernetics of the second order) presents a new approach to behavioral economics focusing risk-preference. The way that individual characteristics influence economic decisions depends on personality. Some people are principally pragmatic with little preference for risk, some are more rational with a moderate approach to risk and some enjoy risk. These people are identified respectively as Pragmatics, Rationalists and Explorers. The rapid rise of explorative behavior is the core of the creative class. Three macroeconomic focus points are outlined: 1) Equality by Universal Basic Income, 2) Environmental protection by Carbon Emission Tax, and 3) Individualized stress-management. In-all, neuroeconomics calls for center-based macroeconomic alternatives to the ruling Neoliberalism e. g. social liberalism or social democracy.
The Relationship Between Performance Measures and Overall Performance in the Manufacturing Environment
Authors: Kumar Raman , Singh Harwinder
Published: September 2020

The overall performance of a manufacturing organization can be enhanced by thoroughly examine and monitor the activities of all departments such as production, inventory, maintenance, etc. involved in the manufacturing system. The present study highlights the relationships between different performance measure and overall performance from the perspective of the agricultural tool manufacturing industry. A path model consists of 13 observed variables, and four performance measures (latent variables) was developed and tested using SPSS software package and AMOS 21. The outcome of the present work is reflected by the respondent of 105 valid questionnaires who are occupied with agriculture tool manufacturing firms situated in the northern region of India. The outcome of confirmatory factor analysis showed that operational performance has higher path coefficient. The limitation of this work is that the findings are applicable to the specific sector of manufacturing industry only.
Exploring the Possibility of Managing Knowledge With Business Process Management Software (BPMS)
Authors: Martin-Navarro Alicia , Sancho María Paula Lechuga , Medina-Garrido José Aurelio
Published: September 2020

Nowadays, knowledge management is a paradigm widely accepted and valued by organizations. Companies need the knowledge workers to have on a personal level to be transferred to the rest of their peers. In this way, they achieve that the best practices in the business processes are known by all employees and that is why managing this knowledge has become an important organizational goal. Currently, in the market, there are information systems that connect and coordinate the tasks of employees called business process management systems or BPMS. These technologies design the processes through modeling, which allows incorporating information and knowledge, as well as to disseminate them through the organization. The use of BPMS allows managing the knowledge within the processes, which improves the performance of the organization and adds value. This work aims to determine the connection between BPMS and knowledge management. For this, a narrative review of the literature relating both topics is carried out.
ICT Measurement From Information Society to Digital Economy
Authors: Abdrakhmanova Gulnara , Gokhberg Leonid , Sokolov Alexander
Published: September 2020

Information and communication technology has become a major driver of changes in economic, social, public, and private life. Higher speed internet, lower unit prices and smart devices have favoured new and more data-intensive applications. Technology development enables radical changes in business models and creates a background for a new economic paradigm – the digital economy. Identification of key trends in and analysis of digital transformation processes requires reliable statistical data and indicators. Development of relevant international statistics plays a vital role here hence, via establishing and updating harmonised standards. The measurement concepts are to be based on statistical standards covering definitions, classifications, and data collection methodologies ensuring cross-country data comparability. It requires novel methodologies and data collection tools involving alternative data sources. The objective of this paper is to present a systemic overview of established methodological standards as well as new trends towards measuring the digital economy.
Big Data, Data Management, and Business Intelligence
Authors: Herschel Richard T.
Published: September 2020

This paper examines big data and the opportunities it presents for improved business intelligence and decision making. Big data comes in multiple forms. It can be structured, semi-structured, or unstructured. The opportunity it presents is that there is so much of it and it is readily available to organizations. Organizations use big data for business intelligence (BI). They can apply analytics in BI activities to assess big data in order to gain new insights and opportunities for decision making. The problem is that oftentimes the data is of poor quality and it contains personal information. This paper explores these issues and examines the importance of effective data management in facilitating sound business intelligence. The Master Data Management methodology is reviewed and the importance of management support in its deployment is emphasized. With the advent of new sources of big data from IoT devices, the need for even more management involvement is stressed to ensure that organizational BI yield sound decisions and that use of data are in compliance with new regulations.
Interfacing Communication and ICTs in a Divisionalised Structure
Authors: Owolabi Toyosi Olugbenga Samson , Itemeh Godspower Godwin
Published: September 2020

The quests for sound organizational management and efficient corporate governance have received more impetus in today's business environment. This is because it has been observed especially among large scale enterprises and multinational companies of incidences of wastage of human and material resources, inefficiency and sluggishness in the corporate decision making process at huge cost to the company on one hand and to shareholders on the other. In contemporary corporate setting especially in situations where huge sums are budgeted for information and communication technologies, large scale organisations tend to have more specialisation, departmentalisation, centralization, and regulation than small scale enterprises. Particularly, companies with wide variety of products often give preference to divisionalisation purposely to ensure efficiency and effectiveness in the corporate decision-making process.
Designing a Business Analytics Culture in Organizations in India
Authors: Banerjee Tanushri , Banerjee Arindam
Published: September 2020

There are several challenges faced by decision makers while deploying Business Analytics in their organization. There may not be one resolution approach that is suitable for creating a Business Analytics culture in all organizations. However, it is easy to perceive that most India-based organizations may have similar issues of data organization that may be impeding their progression in the field of Analytics. Based on their research, the authors have proposed a framework for adoption of Analytics in Indian firms in their book “Weaving Analytics for Effective Decision Making” by SAGE. They propose to use that model for explaining certain domain specific adoption of Business Analytics in organizations in India. They have used a case study of a Global Bank which is in the process of establishing its consumer lending USA operations, an offshore captive operation, in India to describe the process of building an Analytics team in an organization in India. Data processed using R has been added as screenshots for supporting the findings.
Review and Evaluation of Systems Supporting Data Journalism
Authors: Vassis Georgios , Margounakis Dimitrios G. , Tambouris Efthimios
Published: September 2020

In recent years, a new form of journalism has developed a strong dynamic: journalism based on data. The success of the move is so great that technologies and applications that support it have begun to emerge. Although technologies are in a period of mature productivity, their evaluation is an area lagging in development. It is a fact that lack of evaluation based on a reliable methodology is evident in the literature. Finding a suitable methodology for this purpose is particularly important in order to (a) evaluate systems supporting data journalism resulting in a specific ranking of potential, and (b) make it easier for the user to choose the application that best suits his / her requirements and cognitive level. A comparative evaluation of 9 applications related to the visual imaging component was attempted with usability and functionality criteria. The aim of this study is to provide a quick evaluation method, open to proposed improvements and further refinement, in order to establish a framework for qualitative assessment of data journalism applications.
Impact of Management Automation on the Processing of Business Information
Authors: Martín-Navarro Alicia , Sancho María Paula Lechuga , Berro Paula Algaba
Published: September 2020

Business management has evolved to such an extent that, today, information has become a fundamental asset for companies and for their organisational development. For this reason, companies have had to generate and integrate systems that would enable them to increase their profits. In this work we explain the process of implementing information systems, focusing on the ERP system, in addition to determining the satisfaction and usefulness that this system provides to its users. Also, we would observe how they respond to the changes produced after its implementation and how they allow greater employee productivity, improving competitiveness with respect to other companies and improving collaboration with customers, as it avoids the risks of information loss that reduced profitability.
Art Innovative Systems for Value Tagging
Authors: Powell Laurel , Gelich Anna , Ras Zbigniew W.
Published: September 2020

Prices of artworks are rather arbitrary. Artists use word of mouth and galleries to learn about pricing. Also, the professionals in the art market are searching the internet for information about prices of comparable artworks to the ones they plan to sell, but it is not very helpful. Existing systems do not use data analytics but human experts to evaluate fine art pieces and make recommendations. The system discussed in this article, called ArtIST, is based on big data analytics. Using the artist's name, appraisal of the piece of art is done by a personalized recommender system built from the data describing similar artists and similar art pieces including information about their sales. To evaluate an art piece using ArtIST, the user needs to submit the same information about the work as is required by existing art appraisal tools or websites.