bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geçmişin koruyucuları olarak Niğde Yeşilburç köyü tarihi evlerinin avlu kapıları
Authors: ACAR ATA İlknur
Published: March 2023

Kapadokya Bölgesi’nde gayr-i müslimlere ait tarihi evlerin varlıklarını sürdürebilmelerinde;topografyaya ve iklime uygun ilk tasarımları, yöreye özgü malzeme kullanımı, yapım teknikleri, donatı elamanlarının niteliği önemli etkenlerdir. Bu yapılar avlu içerisinde inşa edilmişse büyük çoğunluğu yöreye özgü taş kullanılarak açıklıkları geçilen ahşap avlu kapıları ile korunmaktadır. Bu donatılar evin karakteristik özelliklerini yansıtmakta olup bazıları yapının sahibi hakkında sembolik işaretler ve tarih içermektedir. Bu çalışmada nüfus mübadelesi öncesinde bir Rum yerleşimi olan ve günümüze dek gelebilmiş birçok kültürel miras varlığı nedeniyle kentsel sit ilan edilen Niğde Yeşilburç Köyü’ndekitarihi evlere ait özgün avlu kapılarınınbelgelenmesiodaklı bir alan araştırması yürütülmüştür. Avlu kapılarının belgeleyerek geleceğe aktarılması ve bu özgün mimari donatı elamanlarının yapının planlamasına ve cephe düzenlemesine yönelik etkilerinin de ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Örneklem avlu kapılarının yapım tekniklerinin değerlendirilerekbuna bağlı olarak iki farklı tipoloji (lentolu ve kemerli avlu kapısı) oluşturulmuştur. Belgelenen avlu kapılarının dışında aynı tipolojide bulunan yapısal bütünlüğü bozulmuş kapılarda fotoğraflanarak belgelenmiştir. Özgün malzeme kullanımı ve süslemede farklılaşan avlu kapılarınıntarihi evlerin ölçeğine ve kimliğine uygun tasarımlarını desteklediği görülmektedir. Köyde avlu duvar ve kapılarına dair yapısal bütünlüğü bozulmuş olan tarihi evlerde bozulma sürecininhız kazandığı görülmektedir.
A Thematic Analysis of Hassan Zrizi’s Novel: I Will Wait for You: Hope Springs Eternal
Authors: Bartiza Salma
Published: March 2023

This article attempts to analyze the novel I Will Wait for You: Hope Springs Eternal by Hassan Zrizi, who tries to get out of the traditional mannerisms and monotony that overwhelm the writings of some novelists. He employs the characters of the novel in a manner that commensurate with their events, so that the reader imagines that he/she is part of these characters, and what applies to the characters applies to the events, time and space. Moreover, the language that the writer uses as a narrative method belongs to eloquent Arabic language.
Gen Z Teachers Candidates: Perspective on Early Childhood Moral Religious Values Development
Authors: Jumiatmoko
Published: March 2023

As teachers and pre-service teachers, Generation Z has unique characteristics. The mindset, interests, and priorities related to religious and moral values ​​in early childhood need to be carefully understood. This study explores qualitative data related to topics of religious and moral values ​​that are of most interest and priority. Data were obtained from 58 (fifty eight) respondents of pre-school teacher bachelor candidates. Respondents were given a structured task in the form of an essay on the priority ideas for developing NAM for early childhood. Completion of tasks is given 7 (seven) days to complete the task. The main analysis was carried out by thematic analysis. The results are categorized into 5 (five) themes and 29 (twenty nine) sub themes. The analysis is carried out in 2 (two) stages. Phase 1 is in the form of grouping data according to Basic Competence (KD) in the aspect of NAM for early childhood. Stage 2 is in the form of determining the topic (correspondence with KD and determining the frequency of occurrence). The themes related to the religious and moral values ​​of early childhood are the most interested and prioritized, namely good behaviour and trust in God, while the least is respect for oneself, others, and the environment. Various factors and typical characteristics of Generation Z are discussed to reveal these findings.
Frequencies of Near Regular Structures Using the Results of the Corresponding Regular Structures
Authors: Kaveh Ali , Khazaee Nabi
Published: March 2023

In this paper a method is presented for calculating the eigenvalues of perturbed matrices corresponding to their initial and unperturbed state. In other word, instead of solving the eigenvalue problem of perturbed matrix with size (n x n), only it is sufficient to solve eigenvalue problem for a matrix with dimension (m x m) where m is less than n and their difference (n – m) is considerable. By means of this method, eigenvalues and frequencies of near regular structures considering those of the corresponding regular structures are calculated.
Selection of alfalfa genotypes for dry matter yield and persistence with repeated measures
Authors: Oliveira Cristiano Ferreira , Souza Jacqueline Enequio , Siqueira Michele Jorge Silva , Silva Júnior Antônio Carlos , Ferreira Reinaldo Paula , Vilela Duarte , Cruz Cosme Damião
Published: March 2023

The biggest challenge in the alfalfa breeding program is to obtain cultivars with high persistence, high productivity, and adaptability. Therefore, studies about selection methods are necessary for the success of alfalfa breeding programs. This study aimed to evaluate dry matter yield and persistence in alfalfa for selecting genotypes, using appropriate statistical models for experiments with repeated measures. The experiment was conducted at Embrapa Southeast Livestock, in São Carlos, state of São Paulo, Brazil in a randomized blocks design, in plots subdivided in time, with three replicates. Eight genotypes were evaluated, and the agronomic trait evaluated was dry matter yield. The experiments in split-plots were used with two and three errors and generalized linear models with the following correlation structures: composite symmetry (CS), heterogeneous composite symmetry (HCS), auto regressive (AR), heterogeneous auto regressive (HAR), and variance components (VC). The best model was selected according to the lowest value of the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), and three methodologies were used to identify the genotype with greater productivity and persistence: Average test for multiple comparisons, adaptability, and stability by multi-information, and similarity between genotype and ideotype. The interaction between genotypes and cuts was significant, demonstrating the existence of the different behavior of the alfalfa genotypes over the cuts. Different methodologies allowed to measure the average yield of the alfalfa genotype and the persistence over the cuts. PSB 4 genotype demonstrated promissory behavior in terms of productivity and persistence throughout the production cycle of alfalfa.
Tutkitun tiedon polulla
Authors: Mikkola Leena , Herkama Sanna
Published: March 2023

Pääkirjoitus
Kiusaamisen vastainen työ kouluissa
Authors: Sanna Herkama , Harjuniemi Inari , Repo Juuso , Valkiaranta Mona
Published: March 2023

Kiusaamiseen pyritään usein tarttumaan koulussa toteuttavien interventio-ohjelmien avulla. Ohjelmien on tutkimuksissa havaittu vähentävän kiusaamista ja saavutettujen hyötyjen kasvavan, mitä pitempään ohjelmia toteutetaan. Samalla kuitenkin tiedetään, että osalla kouluista on haasteita kiusaamisen vastaisten ohjelmien ylläpitämisessä ja juurruttamisessa. Toistaiseksi ohjelmien toimeenpanoa ja siihen vaikuttavia tekijöitä on kuitenkin tutkittu melko vähän. Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli perehtyä tapaustutkimuksen keinoin siihen, miten kouluja tuetaan kiusaamisen vastaisten ohjelmien toimeenpanossa. Tutkimus nojasi laadukkaan toimeenpanon viitekehykseen, joka kuvaa erilaisia laadukasta    toimeenpanoa tukevia askeleita. Menetelmänä oli välineellinen tapaustutkimus. Tarkasteltavaksi tapaukseksi valittiin suomalaisissa peruskouluissa yli kymmenen vuotta käytössä ollut KiVa Koulu -ohjelma. Arvioimme, millaisia mahdollisuuksia ja rajoituksia liittyy kouluille tarjottavaan mentorointiin sekä kartoituksiin ja kyselyihin laadukkaan ja pitkäkestoisen kiusaamisen vastaisen työn tukemisessa. Tuloksissa korostui mentoroinnin kohdalla mentorin mahdollisuus tukea pitkäkestoisesti kouluja omien käytänteiden kehittämisessä vuorovaikutuksessa mentoroitavien kanssa. Kyselyjen kohdalla tuloksissa painottuivat erilaiset hyödynnettävyyteen liittyvät näkökulmat. Tulokset tuottivat tietoa siitä, miten kouluja voitaisiin tukea jatkossa entistä vahvemmin kiusaamisen vastaisten ohjelmien toimeenpanossa.
Inequalities Beyond the Average Man
Authors:   , Burnazoglu Merve
Published: March 2023

This dissertation develops a political economy of identity and identity-based stratification mechanisms. It argues that stratification mechanisms produce and reproduce structural relationships between identities and inequalities. Primarily applied to the study of migrants’ integration, it develops novel explanations of some of the ways in which identity-based stratification mechanisms operate in markets and policy. Chapter 2 uses search and matching theory as an analytical tool to understand migrants' search processes, and the interaction between migrant and destination societies as matching events. It develops a social identity-based matching approach to migrants’ integration into established social systems to explain frictions in integration endogenously. Chapter 3 introduces social stratification as a structural approach to exclusion in labor markets. Investigating whether stratification is an inescapable trap for migrant groups, it argues that the failure of migrants’ integration is a collective action problem associated with how societies organize labor markets in a club-like way with sharply different sets of opportunities for different people. Chapter 4 develops the concept of ‘algorithmic stratification’ to illustrate identity-based structural exclusion mechanisms. It examines the ways in which the use of automated decision-making systems and algorithms in general contribute to the social reproduction of a stratified society. Chapter 5 closes the dissertation with the conclusion that just as who people are and how they are seen, labeled, and treated matters, so do identity and inequalities beyond the average man.
A Model for Job requirements and job resources Affecting Employees' Job Engagement
Authors:   Islamic Azad University, Bonab, Iran, Gilani Leila , Bohlooli Nader , Ramazani Mojtaba , Vedadi Ahmad
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to provide a model of job requirements and job resources affecting employees' job engagement. The research is of mixed exploratory (qualitative and quantitative) type. To collect qualitative data, themes analysis method and semi-structured interview (with 17 experts using purposive sampling method) and to collect quantitative data, two researcher-made questionnaires, titled (the importance of items and the current situation questionnaire( and the standard Utrecht questionnaire, were also used. The statistical population includes all 200 employees of the Organization of Cinema and Audiovisual Affairs in Iran. In the quantitative section, 127 people were randomly selected as a sample using Morgan's sampling table. The validity of the questionnaires was measured through face validity and confirmatory factor analysis, and the reliability of the questionnaires through Cronbach's alpha was obtained at 0.768, 0.930, and 0.942, respectively. The themes analysis method was used to analyze the qualitative data, confirmatory factor analysis and Lisrel software were used to validate the qualitative model, and the structural equation model was used to test the hypothesis using Smart PLS software. Based on the qualitative results of the research, seven main components were identified, and a themes network was drawn. The results of the quantitative analysis have also confirmed the significance of the model's relationship between the indices, components, and dimensions. Also, the findings showed that job requirements and job resources had a positive effect on job engagement.
Blocked municipalities (factors influencing the repeated holding of new elections to municipal councils)
Authors:   Charles University, Prague, Krpálková Soňa
Published: March 2023

The article deals with holding new elections to municipal councils in the Czech Republic. This type of extraordinary municipal elections in every election period threatens thousands of municipalities and hundreds of them will actually go through it. Some of the municipalities in which the new elections take place subsequently fall into a spiral of their repeated holding, and this often leads to their complete blockade. Although such situations are common, they are not in the best interests of the professional community, legislators or the media. The aim of this article is to present the key factors that influence the holding of new elections to municipal councils in the Czech Republic. I worked with an extensive database of new elections to municipal councils, as well as with valid legal regulations and historical legal regulations. Important information was also obtained on the basis of a semi-structured interview.
Smart solutions and quality of life population
Authors:   Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Čepelová Anna
Published: March 2023

When one first hears it, the topic of smart cities evokes technical and technological changes, associated mainly with the area of information technologies. These technologies help citizens get easier access to information and find efficient solutions to various life situations, and they enable us to save natural resources, protect the environment, improve the robustness and resistance of cities in terms of social, economic and security aspects, and satisfy the requirements for a healthy and high-quality life in all respects. The understanding of the concept of the smart city begins somewhere among the demands placed on cities by comprehensive global development with its associated trends and local possibilities. The aim of the paper is to present the importance of smart solutions and their impact on the quality of life of residents in selected cities of the Slovak Republic and the Czech Republic. The contribution is part of the solution of the VEGA project no. 1/0055/22: The importance of smart technologies in the process of mitigating the economic and socio-psychological impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of life of population.
Contribution of Poverty to Environmental Degradation in Cameroon
Authors:   Economy of Communion Academy Research (Italy), Helvisi Nji Bih
Published: March 2023

The paper titled contribution of poverty to environmental degradation examines how environmental quality has been decreasing in Cameroon, particularly in the North West and South West Regions. Poverty is the primary attribute of most developing countries; this study aims at investigating the extent to which poverty can contribute to the continual uprising of climate change through specific causes like environmental degradation. The study adopted a a mixed methods approach utilizing quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection in the North West and South West regions of Cameroon through interviews and questionnaires. Findings indicate that poverty is among the principal sources of environmental damage in North West and South West regions of Cameroon. The paper further found out that poverty has greatly contributed to environmental degradation as a result of deforestation of existing forests with some statistics of 32.5%. This is explained by that fact that, the massive rural exodus into urban areas creates scarcity of suitable land for agriculture. As a result, the population tends to encroach into the forest thereby destroying the existing ecosystem. Therefore, the efforts to reduce environmental degradation must be comprehensive enough and the priority of environmental policies should in the first place, target poverty reduction.
Tömegkultúra és nemzeti identitás
Authors: Belovári Anita
Published: March 2023

1968-ban, felismerve a nemzeti történelmi témák iránti erős közönségigényt, Várkonyi Zoltán leforgatta valós eseményeken és az irodalmi kánon részeként számontartott regényen alapuló Egri csillagok című filmjét. Kim Kwang Sik dél-koreai rendező hasonló alapokra építkezhetett, amikor elkészítette The Great Battle (Ansisaeng = Az Ansi erőd) című alkotását 2018-ban. Dacára a kulturális-normatív különbségeknek és a kerek ötven év elteltének a két film elkészülte között, a két mű határozott hasonlóságokat mutat. E tanulmány témája: utánajárni, mi okozhatja ezeket a hasonlóságokat, mi a nyilvánvalóan szintén markáns különbségeket, és mennyire képes egy kifejezetten szórakoztató célokból készült tömegkulturális termék befolyásolni a nemzeti identitás alakulását a közönség körében.
Policy Brief December 2022: Food for Urban Lives and Locality (FULL)
Authors: Nordensvärd Johan , Sommar Carl-Johan , Turcu Catalina , Rotolo Martina , Li Bingqin , Li Yiran , Jiwei Qian , Byun Youn-hwan
Published: March 2023

What can we learn from civil society responsesto COVID-19 food supply? The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in food shortages, lockdowns, and restrictions onmovement, which have completely reshaped the food system and the interaction betweenpeople and their food environment. The pandemic has highlighted that while states arestruggling to handle all the impacts of the pandemic, civil society organizations have taken onan important role in filling the gaps and mitigating the shocks from the pandemic. Actionstaken by civil society and the market have shown that the existing welfare structures createdby states are unable to handle the impact of a pandemic when it comes to critical tasks suchas food supply for vulnerable groups.
Energy consumption performance using natural ventilation in dwelling design and CFD simulation in a hot dry climate: A case study in Sudan
Authors: Elhassan Zeinab A.
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Sudan is taking proactive steps towards environmental sustainability, including initiatives to improve energy efficiency and reduce costs in a hot, dry climate. This article assesses the contribution of natural ventilation to heat transfer and temperature conditioning in urban areas in Khartoum, Sudan.

Methods: The research methodology used a combination of building modeling with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) integrated with IESV Autodesk software to model natural ventilation and simulate energy consumption by incorporating natural ventilation into home design.

Results: The best-case scenario for natural ventilation resulted in a 71.1% yearly energy savings. The design point of internal air speed was approximately 0.7 m/s, the point at which 95% of the indoor areas had an average air speed between 0.43 m/s and 0.9 m/s. The worst-case scenario occurred in the east/west direction, when 80% of the interior had an airflow between 0.05 m/s and 0.01 m/s; near open windows, the airflow was approximately 0.1 m/s.

Discussion: This study was the first research in Khartoum on the design of clean and energy-saving sustainable architecture. The architectural design process for energy-efficient living in the urban region of Al-Azhari City was implemented and defined in a city quarter in Khartoum. The results showed that natural ventilation can maintain a comfortable indoor temperature in summer and significantly reduce energy costs. The findings may have implications for the design of sustainable buildings in other hot, dry climates.
Surface roughness modulates EGFR signaling and stemness of triple-negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Rosado-Galindo Heizel , Domenech Maribella
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Cancer stem cells (CSC), a major culprit of drug-resistant phenotypes and tumor relapse, represent less than 2 % of the bulk of TNBC cells, making them difficult to isolate, study, and thus, limiting our understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease. Current methods for CSC enrichment, such as 3D spheroid culture, genetic modification, and stem cell conditioning, are time consuming, expensive, and unsuitable for high-throughput assays. One way to address these limitations is to use topographical stimuli to enhance CSC populations in planar culture. Physical cues in the breast tumor microenvironment can influence cell behavior through changes in the mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM). In this study, we used topographical cues on polystyrene films to investigate their effect on the proteome and stemness of standard TNBC cell lines.

Methods: The topographical polystyrene-based array was generated using razor printing and polishing methods. Proteome data were analyzed and enriched bioprocesses were identified using R software. Stemness was assessed measuring CD44, CD24 and ALDH markers using flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, detection assays, and further validated with mammosphere assay. EGF/EGFR expression and activity was evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunofluorescence and antibody membrane array. A dose-response assay was performed to further investigate the effect of surface topography on the sensitivity of cells to the EGFR inhibitor.

Results: Surface roughness enriched the CSC population and modulated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling activity in TNBC cells. Enhanced proliferation of MDA-MB-468 cells in roughness correlated with upregulation of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) ligand, which in turn corresponded with a 3-fold increase in the expression of EGFR and a 42% increase in its phosphorylation compared to standard smooth culture surfaces. The results also demonstrated that phenotypic changes associated with topographical (roughness) stimuli significantly decreased the drug sensitivity to the EGFR inhibitor gefitinib. In addition, the proportion of CD44+/CD24−/ALDH+ was enhanced on surface roughness in both MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cell lines. We also demonstrated that YAP/TAZ activation decreased in a roughness-dependent manner, confirming the mechanosensing effect of the topographies on the oncogenic activity of the cells.

Discussion: Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of surface roughness as a culture strategy to influence oncogenic activity in TNBC cells and enrich CSC populations in planar cultures. Such a culture strategy may benefit high-throughput screening studies seeking to identify compounds with broader tumor efficacy.
Retinal fluid is associated with cytokines of aqueous humor in age-related macular degeneration using automatic 3-dimensional quantification
Authors: Song Siyuan , Jin Kai , Wang Shuai , Yang Ce , Zhou Jingxin , Chen Zhiqing , Ye Juan
Published: March 2023

Background: To explain the biological role of cytokines in the eye and the possible role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) by comparing the correlation between cytokine of aqueous humor concentration and optical coherence tomography (OCT) retinal fluid.

Methods: Spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) images and aqueous humor samples were collected from 20 nAMD patient’s three clinical visits. Retinal fluid volume in OCT was automatically quantified using deep learning--Deeplabv3+. Eighteen cytokines were detected in aqueous humor using the Luminex technology. OCT fluid volume measurements were correlated with changes in aqueous humor cytokine levels using Pearson’s correlation coefficient (PCC).

Results: The patients with intraretinal fluid (IRF) showed significantly lower levels of cytokines, such as C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2) (p = 0.03) and CXCL11 (p = 0.009), compared with the patients without IRF. And the IRF volume was negatively correlated with CXCL2 (r = −0.407, p = 0.048) and CXCL11 (r = −0.410, p = 0.046) concentration in the patients with IRF. Meanwhile, the subretinal fluid (SRF) volume was positively correlated with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration (r = 0.299, p = 0.027) and negatively correlated with interleukin (IL)-36β concentration (r = −0.295, p = 0.029) in the patients with SRF.

Conclusion: Decreased level of VEGF was associated with decreased OCT-based retinal fluid volume in nAMD patients, while increased levels of CXCL2, CXCL11, and IL-36β were associated with decreased OCT-based retinal fluid volume in nAMD patients, which may suggest a role for inflammatory cytokines in retinal morphological changes and pathogenesis of nAMD patients.
Effects of Helicobacter pylori eradication on esophageal motility, esophageal acid exposure, and gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms
Authors: Zhao Tong , Liu Fang , Li Yongjun
Published: March 2023

Background

The effects of Helicobacter pylori (HP) eradication on gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are yet to be fully elucidated. Few studies have investigated the mechanisms underlying the correlations between HP and GERD with prospective methods. The objective of this prospective clinical study was to explore the effects of HP eradication on GERD.

Methods

Patients diagnosed with both GERD and HP were included. High-resolution esophageal manometry (HRM), 24-h esophageal pH monitoring, and the Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire (GerdQ) were performed before and after the successful eradication of HP, and the data were compared using statistical analysis.

Results

Sixty-eight patients diagnosed with both GERD and HP were included. The After HP eradication group showed significantly decreased median distal contractile integral (DCI) [610.40 (847.45) vs. 444.90 (559.60)] and significantly increased median inefficient esophageal motility (IEM) [36.00 (50.00) vs. 60.00 (57.00)] in the HRM compared with those of the Before HP eradication group, indicating that HP eradication reduced esophageal peristalsis. The 24-h esophageal pH monitoring showed that the longest reflux event, the percentage of time that the pH was <4, the number of reflux episodes, and the DeMeester score were all significantly different between the Before and After HP eradication groups (P < 0.05), suggesting that HP eradication increased esophageal acid exposure. The After HP eradication group also had a significantly higher GerdQ score than that of the Before HP eradication group (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

HP eradication reduced esophageal peristalsis, enhanced esophageal acid exposure, and aggravated GERD symptoms, suggesting that HP infection may be a protective factor for GERD.
Clinical characteristics and risk factors of cardiac surgery associated-acute kidney injury progressed to chronic kidney disease in adults: A retrospective, observational cohort study
Authors: Fan Xiaoguang , Shao Zehua , Gao Suhua , You Zhenzhen , Huo Shuai , Zhang Zhu , Li Qiuhong , Zhou Saijun , Yan Lei , Shao Fengmin , Yu Pei
Published: March 2023

Introduction

To retrospectively investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of cardiac surgery associated-acute kidney injury (CS-AKI) progressed to chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adults and to evaluate the performance of clinical risk factor model for predicting CS-AKI to CKD.

Methods

In this retrospective, observational cohort study, we included patients who were hospitalized for CS-AKI without a prior CKD [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml · min−1·1.73 m−2] at Central China Fuwai Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020. Survived patients were followed up for 90 days, the endpoint was CS-AKI to CKD, and then divided them into two groups (with or without CS-AKI to CKD). The baseline data including demographics, comorbidities, renal function, and other laboratory parameters were compared between two groups. The logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for CS-AKI to CKD. Finally, receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the performance of the clinical risk factor model for predicting CS-AKI to CKD.

Results

We included 564 patients with CS-AKI (414 males, 150 females; age: 57.55 ± 11.86 years); 108 (19.1%) patients progressed to new-onset CKD 90 days after CS-AKI. Patients with CS-AKI to CKD had a higher proportion of females, hypertension, diabetes, congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, low baseline eGFR and hemoglobin level, higher serum creatinine level at discharge (P < 0.05) than those without CS-AKI to CKD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that female sex(OR = 3.478, 95% CI: 1.844–6.559, P = 0.000), hypertension (OR = 1.835, 95% CI: 1.046–3.220, P = 0.034), coronary heart disease (OR = 1.779, 95% CI: 1.015–3.118, P = 0.044), congestive heart failure (OR = 1.908, 95% CI: 1.124–3.239, P = 0.017), preoperative low baseline eGFR (OR = 0.956, 95% CI: 0.938–0.975, P = 0.000), and higher serum creatinine level at discharge (OR = 1.109, 95% CI: 1.014–1.024, P = 0.000) were independent risk factors for CS-AKI to CKD. The clinical risk prediction model including female sex, hypertension, coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, preoperative low baseline eGFR, and higher serum creatinine level at discharge produced a moderate performance for predicting CS-AKI to CKD (area under ROC curve = 0.859, 95% CI: 0.823–0.896).

Conclusion

Patients with CS-AKI are at high risk for new-onset CKD. Female sex, comorbidities, and eGFR can help identify patients with a high risk for CS-AKI to CKD.
Case report: An elderly woman with recurrent syncope after pacemaker implantation
Authors: Sun Yanxiang , Feng Li , Huang Xuansheng , Hu Bing , Yuan Yong
Published: March 2023

Syncope caused by atrioventricular block may occur as a result of a cardiac vasodepressor reflex. This article reports on a case of recurrent syncope in an 80-year-old woman with high-grade atrioventricular block, documented by electrocardiographic monitoring after pacemaker implantation. Pacemaker testing revealed stable impedance and sensing but a clear increase in the ventricular capture threshold at outputs. This case is unusual because the patient's primary diagnosis was non-cardiac. However, a combination of high D-dimer, hypoxemia, and computerized tomography scan of the pulmonary artery confirmed the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE). With 1 month of anticoagulant therapy, the ventricular capture threshold gradually dropped to the normal range and syncope resolved. This is the first report of an electrophysiological phenomenon detected by pacemaker testing in a patient with syncope arising from PE.
Noninvasive neurological monitoring to enhance pLVAD-assisted ventricular tachycardia ablation – a Mini review
Authors: De Potter Tom , Valeriano Chiara , Buytaert Dimitri , Bouchez Stefaan , Ector Joris
Published: March 2023

For critically ill patients, hemodynamic fluctuations can be life-threatening; this is particularly true for patients experiencing cardiac comorbidities. Patients may suffer from problems with heart contractility and rate, vascular tone, and intravascular volume, resulting in hemodynamic instability. Unsurprisingly, hemodynamic support provides a crucial and specific benefit during percutaneous ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT). Mapping, understanding, and treating the arrhythmia during sustained VT without hemodynamic support is often infeasible due to patient hemodynamic collapse. Substrate mapping in sinus rhythm can be successful for VT ablation, but there are limitations to this approach. Patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy may present for ablation without exhibiting useful endocardial and/or epicardial substrate-based ablation targets, either due to diffuse extent or a lack of identifiable substrate. This leaves activation mapping during ongoing VT as the only viable diagnostic strategy. By enhancing cardiac output, percutaneous left ventricular assist devices (pLVAD) may facilitate conditions for mapping that would otherwise be incompatible with survival. However, the optimal mean arterial pressure to maintain end-organ perfusion in presence of nonpulsatile flow remains unknown. Near infrared oxygenation monitoring during pLVAD support provides assessment of critical end-organ perfusion during VT, enabling successful mapping and ablation with the continual assurance of adequate brain oxygenation. This focused review provides practical use case scenarios for such an approach, which aims to allow mapping and ablation of ongoing VT while drastically reducing the risk of ischemic brain injury.
Site formation process of the Dadong Paleolithic site in Jilin province, China: A geoarchaeological approach
Authors: Lian Huiru , Xu Ting , An Wenrong , Zhu Yujin , Shi Hongwei , Zhao Ying , Chen Kunlong
Published: March 2023

The Dadong site, located in the Changbaishan region of Jilin province, China, is an important Upper Paleolithic site characterized by its large distribution area and abundant stone artifacts. This study presents a geoarchaeological study of a newly excavated area of this site. Soil micromorphology, particle size analysis, and pH measurements were used to reconstruct the site formation process from around 60 ka to the present. Additionally, this study examines the impact of volcanic eruptions and local geomorphology on ancient human adaptation in this area. This paper also investigates the effects of post-depositional processes, particularly freeze-thaw, on the distribution of lithics. This study is the first soil micromorphological study of a Paleolithic site in Northeast China, and is important for studying the changes of the Pleistocene environment in this region as well as the development of microblade technology in Northeast Asia.
Apparent permeability in tight gas reservoirs combining rarefied gas flow in a microtube
Authors: Zheng Lingli , Chen Muyao , Li Tao , He Jiahuan , Li Yongming , Xiao Wenlian
Published: March 2023

In tight gas reservoirs, the major flow channels are composed of micro/nanopores in which the rarefaction effect is prominent and the traditional Darcy law is not appropriate for gas flow. By combining the Maxwell first-order slip boundary condition and Navier–Stokes equations, a three-dimensional (3D) analysis of compressible gas slip flow in a microtube was presented, and the flux rate and pressure variation in the flow direction were discussed. Subsequently, by superimposing the Knudsen diffusion, a gas flux formula applicable to a larger Knudsen number was further proposed and satisfactorily verified by two groups of published experimental data in microtubes or microchannels in the membrane. The results indicate that slip flow and Knudsen diffusion make an important contribution to the total gas flow in the microtube, and their weight increases with an increase in the Knudsen number. By substituting the gas flux formula into Darcy’s law for compressible gas, a new apparent permeability model for tight gas reservoirs was proposed, in which the slippage effect and Knudsen diffusion were synthetically considered. The results indicate that the apparent permeability of tight reservoirs strongly depends on the reservoir pressure and pore-throat radius, and an underestimation value may be predicted by the previously published models. This study provides a case study for evaluating these apparent permeability models, which remains a challenging task in the laboratory.
Lattice Boltzmann modeling of the coupled imbibition-flowback behavior in a 3D shale pore structure under reservoir condition
Authors: Wu Shuai , Wu Jianfa , Liu Yong , Yang Xuefeng , Zhang Juan , Zhang Jian , Zhang Deliang , Zhong Bing , Liu Dongchen
Published: March 2023

Imbibition and flowback of fracturing fluid usually occur in the shale matrix after hydraulic fracturing, which significantly impacts shale gas production and environmental protection. The rocks of deep shale gas reservoirs are under high-temperature and high-temperature conditions. There are rich micro-nano pores with various pore structures in deep shale. In addition, the flowback behavior is significantly affected by the imbibition behavior because the flowback begins after the end of the imbibition. Therefore, an accurate pore-scale description of the coupled imbibition-flowback behavior is crucial to understand the flowback mechanism and its impacts. In this paper, a pseudo-potential lattice Boltzmann method is employed to simulate the coupled imbibition-flowback behavior in a digital shale core, where the digital core is reconstructed by Markov Chain-Monte Carlo method based on scanning microscope images of deep shale cores. The microcosmic mechanism of the imbibition and flowback is studied under deep shale conditions. The influence of some factors, such as pore structure, fluid viscosity, wettability, and flowback pressure difference, on the flowback behavior of fracturing fluid is investigated. It is found that the fracturing fluid advances almost uniformly throughout the pore space during the imbibition process. The fracturing fluid is easy to adsorb on the pore wall, and the shale gas is located in the middle of the pore space. The viscous fingering is clearly observed during the flowback process, where shale gas flows through large pores to form a flow channel, and the fracturing fluid stays in tiny pores. The flowback rate increases gradually with the flowback time and eventually tends to be almost constant. The wettability, flowback pressure difference, and pore structure significantly influence the flowback behavior, while the fracturing fluid viscosity has a smaller effect on the flowback process.
Analysis of spatial-temporal evolution and influencing factors of carbon emission efficiency in Chinese cities
Authors: Huang Hui , Wei Zhaoxi , Ge Qingru , Guo Qingjie
Published: March 2023

Improving carbon emission efficiency and reducing carbon emissions is crucial to achieving the goal of carbon neutrality and carbon peak. This paper focuses on 278 cities in China from 2000 to 2017, and uses the undesired output SBM model to measure the carbon emission efficiency of each city. The results showed that during the research period the average carbon emission efficiency of China gradually dropped from 0.6 to 0.5. After classifying the carbon emission efficiency of each city. The number of cities in 2005 belonging to high-efficiency areas decreased by 11.76% compared with 2000. From 2005 to 2010, the number of cities in the medium-low-efficiency areas and low-efficiency areas increased from 122 to 143. It is found that the spatial-temporal evolution of carbon emission efficiency, on the whole follows a certain evolution law and has spatial auto-correlation. In addition, the spatial Durbin model model is selected to explore the influencing factors of urban carbon emission efficiency. The findings demonstrate that optimizing the quality of urban development, improving the ability of scientific, and technological innovation, grasping government intervention, and encouraging the introduction of high-quality foreign capital will play a positive role in improving the low efficiency of carbon emissions in cities.
Water resources optimal allocation model for coordinating regional multi-level water resources managers’ interests
Authors: Zhang Shiwei , Fang Guohua , Zhang Dasheng , Ju Maosen , Zhong Huayu
Published: March 2023

In water resources management on a global scale, it is important to reconcile the conflicting interests of different regions and actors regarding water use. To solve this issue more effectively, an optimal allocation model of water resources that coordinates the interests of regional multi-level water resource managers and balances the benefits acquired by regional multi-level water resource managers was proposed. The model consisted of three components, including option generation, option selection, and fallback bargaining. The Hybrid Strategy Whale Optimization Algorithm (HSWOA) was created to generate the initial alternative set throughout the alternative generation process. In the alternative screening process, quick non-dominated sorting was used to choose Pareto alternatives from the initial alternative set. Through many rounds of negotiations, water resource managers at all levels reached a consensual water resource allocation plan during fallback bargaining. This model was used to reconcile the conflicting water interests of municipal and county water managers in Handan, China, in terms of economic, social, and ecological benefits. It was also compared with the Pareto solution set obtained from NSGA-III. In terms of convergence speed and accuracy, the results demonstrated that HSWOA outperformed the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA). The results show that several rounds of discussions between municipal and county water management eventually resulted in Nash equilibrium. In normal flow year, the recommended scheme could yield economic benefit of 315.08×108 Yuan, social benefit of 0.1700, and ecological benefit of 5.70 × 106 m3, whereas in low flow year, the recommended scheme could yield economic benefit of 354.85×108 Yuan, social benefit of 0.2103, and ecological benefit of 57.82 × 106 m3. Compared to existing studies, the recommended scheme has clear advantages in terms of social and ecological benefits. The proposed optimal water resource allocation was Pareto optimal. This paper presented a new way of thinking about reconciling the conflicting interests of different levels of water resource managers in the process of water allocation.
Enhancing landslide management with hyper-tuned machine learning and deep learning models: Predicting susceptibility and analyzing sensitivity and uncertainty
Authors: Dahim Mohammed , Alqadhi Saeed , Mallick Javed
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Natural hazards such as landslides and floods have caused significant damage to properties, natural resources, and human lives. The increased anthropogenic activities in weak geological areas have led to a rise in the frequency of landslides, making landslide management an urgent task to minimize the negative impact. This study aimed to use hyper-tuned machine learning and deep learning algorithms to predict landslide susceptibility model (LSM) and provide sensitivity and uncertainty analysis in Aqabat Al-Sulbat Asir region of Saudi Arabia.

Methods

Random forest (RF) was used as the machine learning model, while deep neural network (DNN) was used as the deep learning model. The models were hyper-tuned using the grid search technique, and the best hypertuned models were used for predicting LSM. The generated models were validated using receiver operating characteristics (ROC), F1 and F2 scores, gini value, and precision and recall curve. The DNN based sensitivity and uncertainty analysis was conducted to analyze the influence and uncertainty of the parameters to the landslide.

Results

Results showed that the RF and DNN models predicted 35.1–41.32 and 15.14–16.2 km2 areas as high and very high landslide susceptibility zones, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) of ROC curve showed that the LSM by the DNN model achieved 0.96 of AUC, while the LSM by RF model achieved 0.93 of AUC. The sensitivity analysis results showed that rainfall had the highest sensitivity to the landslide, followed by Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), curvature, slope, soil texture, and lineament density.

Discussion

Road density and geology map had the highest uncertainty to the landslide prediction. This study may be helpful to the authorities and stakeholders in proposing management plans for landslides by considering potential areas for landslide and sensitive parameters.
Geochemical factors associated with deposition of lower Aptian organic-rich sediments during OAE1a in the Basque-Cantabrian Basin, northern Spain
Authors: Herdocia Carlos , Maurrasse Florentin J-M. R.
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The Early Aptian Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a (OAE1a) is characterized by organic matter (OM) bearing rocks identified worldwide, which also occur in the hemipelagic succession of the Cuchía section, North Basque-Cantabrian Basin (NBCB) in Northern Spain. Previous works identified OAE1a using δ13C calibrated with biostratigraphy of planktonic foraminifera, calcareous nannoplankton, and ammonites. However, the geochemical characteristics that controlled OM sources and the redox conditions during OAE1a are yet to be determined. Therefore, here we present the results of a high-resolution complementary study along 67 m of the succession at Playa de los Caballos beach that highlights how local factors in the basin modulated the effects of increased precipitation during enhanced global hydrological cycles.

Methods: Samples were analyzed for total inorganic carbon (TIC), total organic carbon (TOC), δ13C, major elements (Al, Ti, Si), redox sensitive trace elements (RSTEs), clay mineralogy, bulk mineralogy, and biomarkers.

Results and Discussion: Carbon isotope segments C2 to C6 were recognized to determine the age of the outcrop. Lipid biomarkers indicated that OM is predominantly marine with significant terrestrial contribution. Terrigenous OM was carried to the basin through pulses of fluvial input as attested by the major elements and by high relative proportions of quartz, feldspar, and clay minerals. Increased terrestrial inputs also enhanced primary production and facilitated OM preservation. Periods with hightened RSTE content correspond with increases in the major elements, thus implying their common provenance. High sedimentation rates together with the presence of less labile OM and the interaction with clay minerals most likely played a major role in preserving the OM. This study further highlights how enhanced hydrological cycles significantly influenced the marine conditions that controlled the expression of OAE1a in the NBCB.
Measuring the impact of COVID-19 social distancing measures on sexual health behaviours and access to HIV and sexual and reproductive health services for people living with HIV in Botswana
Authors: Ensor Samuel , Mechie Imogen , Ryan Rebecca , Mussa Aamirah , Bame Bame , Tamuthiba Lefhela , Moshashane Neo , Morroni Chelsea
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Uninterrupted access to HIV and sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services is essential, particularly in high HIV prevalence settings, to prevent unintended pregnancy and vertical HIV transmission. Understanding the challenges that COVID-19 and associated social distancing measures (SDMs) posed on health service access is imperative for future planning.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted in Botswana between January–February 2021. A web-based questionnaire was disseminated on social media as part of the International Sexual Health and REproductive Health (I-SHARE) Survey. Respondents answered questions on SRH, before and during COVID-19 SDMs. Subgroup analysis and comparison of descriptive data was performed for people living with HIV (PLWH).

Results

Of 409 participants, 65 were PLWH (80% female, 20% male). During SDMs, PLWH found it more difficult to access condoms and treatment for HIV and STIs; attend HIV appointments; and maintain adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Compared to HIV-negative women, a higher proportion of women living with HIV used condoms as their primary method of contraception (54% vs. 48%), and had lower use of long-acting reversible contraception (8% vs. 14%) and dual contraception (8% vs. 16%).

Discussion

Mirroring global trends, COVID-19 disrupted HIV and SRH service access in Botswana. However, in high HIV-prevalence settings, disruption may more severely impact population health with disproportionate effects on women. Integration of HIV and SRH services could build health system capacity and resilience, reduce missed opportunities for delivering SRH services to PLWH and limit the consequences of future restrictions that may cause health system disruption