bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reflected generalized BSDEs with discontinuous barriers driven by a Lévy process
Authors: El Otmani Mohamed
Published: May 2021

This article deals with the reflected and doubly reflected generalized backward stochastic differential equations when the noise is given
by Brownian motion and Teugels martingales associated with an independent pure jump Lévy process. We prove the
existence and the uniqueness of the solution for these equations with monotone generators and right continuous left limited obstacles.
Afrikai szükségállapot – Kako Nubupko könyvéről
Authors: Benkes Mihály
Published: May 2021

Benkes Mihály a következő művet mutatta be:

Kako Nubukpo: L’Urgence africaine – Changeons le modèle de croissance ! Paris : Odile Jacob, 2019
How Long, Not Long
Authors: Wanzo Rebecca
Published: June 2021

A major theme of Steve McQueen’s Small Axe series is West Indian joy. West Indian immigrants’ struggles against state resistance to everyday black life. In a rather profound contrast to McQueen’s other work—in which long takes of suffering bodies draw the viewer into the inescapability of the pain experienced by his subjects—joy disrupted provides the counterpoint to bodies in pain. Striking this balance between suffering and joyous bodies is one of the reasons that McQueen’s series may be his best effort yet to move between art cinema and popular genres. The various films in Small Axe fit in disparate genres, but all but one clearly fit into the category of racial injustice films. But McQueen’s play with genre is what allows him to creative straddle the line between hope and Afropessimism.
Cantologies
Authors: Denning Michael , Tomlinson Gary
Published: June 2021

Cantology names an approach to the songish impulses that are a ubiquitous aspect of human cultures. It aims to divert our attention from the more restricted objects of musicological and ethnomusicological scrutiny by discerning song formations, conditions of possibility that define experiences of society and history along songish lines. These formations, local phenomena in cantology’s broad purview, emerge from the interactions of levels of cultural production including the performative, the discursive, the metadiscursive, and the archaeological. We outline a cantological theory, then briefly characterize four successive song formations in the West, reaching from the sixteenth century to the twenty-first.
Methimazole-induced remission rates in pediatric Graves’ disease: a systematic review
Authors: Lieshout Jelmer M van , Mooij Christiaan F , Trotsenburg A S Paul van , Zwaveling-Soonawala Nitash
Published: June 2021

Objective

Comparison of studies on remission rates in pediatric Graves’ disease is complicated by lack of uniformity in treatment protocols, remission definition, and follow-up duration. We performed a systematic review on remission rates in pediatric Graves’ disease and attempted to create uniformity by recalculating remission rates based on an intention-to-treat analysis.

Methods

PubMed and Embase were searched in August 2020 for studies on patients with Graves’ disease: (i) 2 to 18 years of age, (ii) initially treated with methimazole or carbimazole for at least 18 months, (iii) with a follow-up duration of at least 1 year after cessation of methimazole or carbimazole. All reported remission rates were recalculated using an intention-to-treat analysis.

Results

Of 1890 articles, 29 articles consisting of 24 patient cohorts were included with a total of 3057 patients (82.6% female). Methimazole or carbimazole was initially prescribed in 2864 patients (93.7%). Recalculation based on intention-to-treat analysis resulted in an overall remission rate of 28.8% (829/2880). Pooled remission rates based on treatment duration were 23.7, 31.0, 43.7, and 75% respectively after 1.5–2.5 years, 2.5–5 years, 5–6 years (two studies), and 9 years (single study) treatment duration. The occurrence of adverse events was 419 in 2377 patients (17.6%), with major side effects in 25 patients (1.1%).

Conclusions

Using a standardized calculation, the overall remission rate in methimazole-treated pediatric GD is 28.8%. A few small studies indicate that longer treatment increases the remission rate. However, evidence is limited and further research is necessary to investigate the efficacy of longer treatment durations.
Impact of heavy metal ions on the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of formosan alder biomass to form lactic acid
Authors: Ko Chu-Han , Liu Ko-Yo , Yang Bing-Yuan , Chang Fang-Chih , Lin Po-Heng
Published: June 2021

Formosan alder (Alnus formosana) is a fast-growing, adaptable, pioneer native tree species in Taiwan, and it is particularly suitable for reforestation. In this study, steam-exploded Formosan alder biomass was employed to investigate lactic acid production by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) in the presence of different heavy metals. Impacts of added heavy metals on saccharification processing were investigated. In the presence of 1410 mg Cr6+/L, negative impacts were observed for SSF. The same level of Cr6+ adversely affected fermentation by Lactobacillus casei and L. acidophilus compared to the blank controls. Positive impacts for SSF by Cd2+ were demonstrated with 108 mg Cd2+/L, and the same conditions favored fermentation by L. casei and L. acidophilus. No impacts for SSF by Pb2+ up to 6830 mg Pb2+/L were found for both Lactobacillus strains. This study demonstrates that SSF for production of lactic acid from Formosan alder biomass was able to tolerate a wide range of heavy metal concentration regimes. Hence, this study provides an alternative use for biomass harvested from phytoremediation sites. Such biomass can be used as sustainable regenerative biomaterial, and thereby it can further enhance the benefits of environmental remediation.
VALORES HEMATOLÓGICOS REFERENCIALES EN AÑUJES (Dasyprocta fuliginosa) MANTENIDOS EN CAUTIVERIO
Authors: Andrade E. Dante , Li E. Olga , Suárez A. Francisco , Silva S. Walter
Published: May 2021

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar los valores hematológicos del añuje (Dasyprocta fuliginosa) criado en cautiverio en el Zoológico Patronato Parque Las Leyendas (PATPAL). Se utilizaron 23 animales (11 machos y 12 hembras; 13 juveniles y 10 adultos). Los animales fueron anestesiados con una combinación de Ketamina (10 mg/kg peso vivo) y Xilacina (1 mg/kg peso vivo) i.m. El análisis hematológico incluyó hemoglobina (Hb), hematocrito (Ht), contaje de eritrocitos y leucocitos, Volumen Corpuscular Medio (VGM), Concentración de Hemoglobina Corpuscular Media (CHGM) y Hemoglobina Corpuscular Media (HCM), y el diferencial de leucocitos. Los resultados fueron: 6.17 x 106/μl eritrocitos, 5,739 x 103/μl leucocitos, 40.4% Ht, 12.42 g/dl Hb, 66.56 fl VGM, 20.56 pg HCM, 30.88 g/dl CHGM; y 67.1% neutrófilos, 29.6% linfocitos, 2.39% eosinófilos, 0.26% monocitos y 0.56% abastonados. Los valores encontrados son similares a otros valores reportados en la literatura.
Pradinio mokyklinio amžiaus vaikų aplinką tausojantis elgesys ir jo prognostiniai veiksniai
Authors:   , Šorytė Dovilė
Published: June 2021

Children’s pro-environmental behaviour and its prognostic factors in primary school age
Immunological and mutational analysis of SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins from Asian countries
Authors: Jha Deepak Kumar , Yashvardhini Niti , Kumar Amit
Published: June 2021

Introduction: The emergence of a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, an etiolating agent of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has become a pandemic of global concern. Considering the huge number of morbidity and mortality worldwide, the World Health Organization, on 11th March 2020, has announced an unprecedented public health crisis. This virus is a member of plus sense RNA viruses that can show a high rate of mutations. The ongoing multiple mutations in the structural proteins of coronavirus drive viral evolution, enabling them to evade the host immunity and rapidly acquire drug resistance against COVID-19. In the present study, we focused mainly on the prevalence of mutations in the four types of structural proteins like S (spike), E (envelope), M (membrane), and N (nucleocapsid) that are required for the assembly of a complete virion particle. Further, we estimated the antigenicity and allergenicity of these structural proteins to design and develop a potentially good candidate vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: In the present in silico study, envelope protein was found highly antigenic followed by nucleocapsid, membrane, and spike protein of SARS-CoV-2.

Results: Consequently, in this study, we detected 987 mutations from 729 sequences of Asia in October 2020 and compared them with China's 1st Wuhan isolate sequence as a reference. Spike showed the highest mutations with 807 point mutations among the four structural proteins, followed by nucleocapsid with 151 mutations, while envelope showed 19 and membrane only 10 point mutations.

Conclusion: Taken together, our study revealed, variation occurring in the structural protein of SARS-CoV-2 might be altering their structure and functions, and envelope protein appears to be a promising vaccine candidate to curb coronavirus infections.
Changes in the Management of Severe Orbital Infections Over Seventeen Years
Authors: Krueger Carsten , Mahant Sanjay , Begum Nurshad , Widjaja Elysa , Science Michelle , Parkin Patricia C. , Gill Peter J.
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVES:

Periorbital and orbital cellulitis are common but serious infections in children. Management of these infections varies because of an absence of clinical guidelines, but it is unclear if management within institutions has changed over time. We compared the management and outcomes of children hospitalized with periorbital and orbital cellulitis in 2 eras.

METHODS:

Data were extracted from records of children hospitalized at a tertiary care children’s hospital with periorbital or orbital cellulitis from 2000 to 2005 and 2012 to 2016. Patient demographics, cross-sectional imaging, antibiotic and corticosteroid use, length of stay, and surgical rates were collected. Data from the eras were compared by using descriptive statistics, t tests, Mann–Whitney U tests, Fisher’s exact tests, and χ2 tests.

RESULTS:

There were 318 children included, 143 from 2000 to 2005 and 175 from 2012 to 2016. Compared with the first era, in the second era there were increased rates of MRI (5% vs 11%, P = .04), although rates of computed tomography scan use remained unchanged (60% vs 65%); increased number (1 vs 3, P < .01) and spectrum of antibiotics; increased use of intranasal corticosteroids (3% vs 49%, P < .01); and subspecialty consultation (89% vs 99%, P = .01). There were no differences in length of stay, readmission, or surgical rates between eras.

CONCLUSIONS:

There has been considerable change in the management of hospitalized children with severe orbital infections at our institution, including the rates of MRI, number and spectrum of antibiotics used, use of adjunctive agents, and increased subspecialty involvement with no observed impact on clinical outcomes. Future research is needed to rationalize antimicrobial therapy and reduce low-value health care.
Visitor Guidelines in US Children’s Hospitals During COVID-19
Authors: Vance Ashlee J. , Duy Joanne , Laventhal Naomi , Iwashyna Theodore J. , Costa Deena K.
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVES:

To examine visitor guidelines among children’s hospitals in the United States in response to the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

METHODS:

A retrospective assessment of visitor guidelines in 239 children’s hospitals in the United States.

RESULTS:

In this study, we present an analysis of 239 children’s hospital visitor guidelines posted to hospitals’ Web sites during 1 week in June 2020. Of the 239 hospitals, only 28 did not have posted guidelines for review. The guidelines were analyzed and grouped by how the guidelines were updated in response to COVID-19. Parental visitation was restricted to 1 parent in 116 of the posted guidelines (49%). There were no obvious similarities among guidelines associated with their geographical (eg, state or local) location. As of February 2021, 33 of 55 (60%) randomly selected hospitals had not changed their visitor policy since our initial review.

CONCLUSIONS:

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered changes in publicly reported visitor guidelines across the majority of children’s hospitals. With our findings, we suggest wide variation in policies and practices in how guidelines were updated. More work is needed to understand how to optimize public safety and preserve family-centered care and parental authority in times of crisis.
Nutrition Considerations in Neonatal Extracorporeal Life Support
Authors: Murphy Heidi J. , Selewski David T.
Published: June 2021

Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) is a life-saving therapy, but neonates who require ECLS have unique nutritional needs and require aggressive, early nutritional support. These critically ill neonates are at increased risk for long-term feeding difficulties, malnutrition, and growth failure with associated increased morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, few studies specific to this population exist. Clinical guidelines published by the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition are specific to this population and available to aid clinicians in appropriate nutrition regimens, but studies to date suggest that nutrition provision varies greatly from center to center and often is inadequate. Though enteral feedings are becoming more common, aggressive parenteral nutrition is still needed to ensure nutrition goals are met, including the goal of increased protein provision. Long-term complications, including the need for tube feedings and growth failure, are common in neonatal ECLS survivors, particularly those with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Oral aversion with poor feeding and growth failure must be anticipated and recognized early if present. The nutritional implications associated with the development of acute kidney injury, fluid overload, or the use of continuous renal replacement therapy must be recognized. In this state-of-the-art review, we examine aspects of nutrition for neonates receiving ECLS including nutritional requirements, nutrition provision, current practices, long-term outcomes, and special population considerations.
Antithrombotic Therapy in Chronic Total Occlusion Interventions
Authors: Xenogiannis Iosif , Varlamos Charalampos , Benetou Despoina-Rafailia , Alexopoulos Dimitrios
Published: June 2021

Chronic total occlusion (CTO) recanalization is among the most complex subsets of coronary interventions. Hence, optimum peri- and post-procedural anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy is key for the achievement of successful revascularization and reduction of major adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients undergoing CTO percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Unfractionated heparin is still considered the gold standard anticoagulant because its action can be reversed by protamine administration, with bivalirudin being reserved mainly for patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. However, small studies comparing unfractionated heparin with bivalirudin in CTO interventions have shown similar outcomes. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors should, in general, be avoided. Aspirin in combination with clopidogrel for 6–12 months is the standard post CTO PCI dual antiplatelet regimen. For the most complex cases, clopidogrel can be substituted by a more potent P2Y12 inhibitor, namely ticagrelor or prasugrel.
ЇЗДЦІ-ІХНЕВМОНІДИ ПІДРОДИНИ ANOMALONINAE (HYMENOPTERA, ICHNEUMONIDAE) СТЕПОВОЇ ЗОНИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Nuzhna A. D.
Published: May 2021

Наведено дані про 38 видів їздців-аномалонін зі степової зони України. 12 видів відомі на території України лише з цього регіону, 5 з яких є рідкісними (Agrypon flexorioides Schnee, 1989, Barylypa jacobsoni (Shestakov, 1923), Erigorgus lacertosus Atanasov, 1975, Habrocampulum biguttatum (Gravenhorst, 1829), Gravenhorstia picta Boie, 1836. Для кожного виду подано відомості про матеріал, cистематичні зауваження та поширення.
КОМПЛЕКС ІНВАЗІЙНИХ ЛУСКОКРИЛИХ (LEPIDOPTERA) НА ТЕРИТОРІЇ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО ПРИРОДНОГО ПАРКУ «ВЕЛИКИЙ ЛУГ»
Authors: Holoborodko K. K. , Seliutina O. V. , Krainyk Yu. M. , Pakhomov O. Y.
Published: May 2021

У результаті проведених досліджень, на території Національного природного парку «Великий Луг», зареєстровано 8 видів-інвайдерів, що належать до ряду Лускокрилих: Macrosaccus robiniella (Clemens, 1859), Parectopa robiniella Clemens, 1863, Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimič, 1986, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner, (1813)), Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859), Hyles hippophaes (Esper, 1789), Hyphantria cunea (Drury, 1773), Acontia candefacta (Hübner, (1831). Зроблено аналіз трофічних зв’язків видів-інвайдерів в умовах парку. З’ясовано, що своєю життєдіяльністю найбільший вплив на фітоценози НПП чинять Macrosaccus robiniella, Parectopa robiniella та H. cunea. Для комплексу мінерів робінії псевдоакації здійснено оцінку заселення різних урочищ НПП та проведено морфометричний аналіз мін.
Fare inequities in public transit system in Costa Rica
Authors: Quirós Calderón Cristhian Santiago , Agüero-Valverde Jonathan
Published: June 2021

Problems in transit fare equity affect the daily commute of specific groups that depend mostly on public transportation. Previous studies showed that some routes present operational characteristics that increased the price charged to the users. To address this issue, a methodology to identify the routes that have fares much higher than expected, after considering operational parameters, is developed. This paper presents a methodology implemented to evaluate fare inequities in public transport networks. The case study is the bus public transport network in Costa Rica. The evaluation is performed using fare per kilometer as independent variable and operational variables, such as route length, monthly ridership and vehicle occupancy by using cluster analysis and Bayesian multilevel modelling. The results indicate that random coefficients models perform better than independent models for clustered data. Furthermore, the routes with higher differences between observed and estimated (i.e. expected) fares are the ones to be addressed first in individual audits, because these are the routes who charge higher operational costs into the fare, increasing inequity among the population.
In-depth study of Netflix’s original content of fictional series. Forms, styles and trends in the new streaming scene
Authors: Hidalgo-Marí Tatiana , Segarra-Saavedra Jesús , Palomares-Sánchez Patricia
Published: June 2021

This article presents an analysis of the original content of fictional series created by one of the leading companies in the streaming television market, Netflix. This work aims at offering an in-depth study of the original series of the company Netflix, which will allow to classify these contents according to their strategic nature and, secondly, to offer a formal taxonomic overview on them. In addition, their forms, formats, languages, genres and thematic descriptors are analysed in order to establish a taxonomy for the classification of Netflix’s original content. To this end, this article is based on a quantitative method with qualitative contributions, adopting a descriptive but also exploratory approach. Its sample is made up of 490 series available on the Spanish version of the platform from its beginning in 2013 to 2019. The results lead to find a commitment to the production of fictional series with a global nature, but also focused on the local through alliances and productive methods with local businesses. Furthermore, the importance of in-house production as a present and medium-term future strategy is highlighted, together with the commitment to the division of production languages, considering local languages as a resource for the acceptance of the products. As for the predominant formats, a new trend marks how new audiovisual products are created by focusing, among other things, on reducing the duration and longevity of the series broadcast by the company.
Determinants of Absorptive Capacity: a systematic literature review
Authors: Silveira Naijela Janaina Costa , Ferraz Diogo , Mello Diego Scarpa de , Polloni-Silva Eduardo , Rebelatto Daisy Aparecida do Nascimento , Moralles Herick Fernando
Published: June 2021

Purpose – To conduct a literature review on the determinants of Absorptive Capacity (AC), which allows for productivity spillovers from Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in developed and developing countries.Theoretical framework – This study is based on the literature indicating that before benefiting from spillovers, companies need a certain level of knowledge and expertise.Design/methodology/approach – A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of empirical studies on AC and productivity spillovers is presented. A total of 60 articles were reviewed.Findings – The SLR revealed that human capital and R&D investments are the most frequently cited determinants of AC. R&D is especially important for developing countries.Research, Practical & Social implications – Public policies targeting R&D development may be a valuable strategy to facilitate productivity spillovers in developing countries.Originality/value – This paper analyzes the determinants of AC while verifying how both developed and developing countries can benefit from FDI, which is of great importance considering the growth of FDI in developing countries.Keywords - Foreign Direct Investment. Productivity. Spillover.
Morcegos urbanos de Guarulhos: alta riqueza de espécies e dominância de espécies ecologicamente flexíveis reveladas a partir de dados de monitoramento da raiva
Authors: Melo Marcos A. , Braga David de A. , Mansho Wilson , Carvalho Renata R. , Oliveira Débora C. de , Rosa Adriana R.
Published: June 2021

RESUMO Urbanização afeta a composição e funções ecossistêmicas das comunidades de morcegos em várias regiões do planeta. Entretanto, este ainda é um tema pouco explorado no Neotrópico. No Brasil, embora poucas cidades apresentem inventários de quirópteros, órgãos municipais de saúde pública (e.g., Centro de Controle de Zoonoses) realizam a vigilância passiva dos morcegos infectados pelo vírus da raiva. Estas instituições fazem a identificação dos espécimes oriundos principalmente de áreas urbanas e coletam dados biológicos importantes para o manejo ambiental, controle populacional, ecologia e conservação das espécies. O presente estudo analisou os dados de recebimento de morcegos, de 2001 a 2017, oriundos da cidade de Guarulhos, comparando as taxas de recebimento, frequência, riqueza e dominância das espécies com estudos prévios conduzidos em cidades brasileiras. Os dados da vigilância em saúde pública demonstraram uma alta riqueza de espécies (n = 29), representadas por três famílias mais comuns em áreas urbanas brasileiras (Phyllostomidae, Molossidae e Vespertilionidae). Molossus molossus (Pallas, 1766), Glossophaga soricina (Pallas, 1766) e Myotis nigricans (Schinz, 1821) representaram a maioria (70%) dos dados da quiropterofauna de Guarulhos. Esta dominância pode estar relacionada com a flexibilidade da dieta dessas espécies (insetívoras e nectarívoras não obrigatórias) e abrigos diurnos em edificações, recursos estes altamente disponíveis nas cidades brasileiras. Assim, para mitigar os efeitos da urbanização sobre a rica quiropterofauna regional, recomenda-se que o planejamento ambiental das cidades considere suas diretrizes urbanísticas e florísticas como uma ferramenta ao manejo integrado da fauna silvestre e saúde pública, além de implantar estratégias para aumentar o potencial de conservação da biodiversidade nestes ambientes.
The role of parity in the mode of delivery in advanced maternal age women
Authors: Martinelli Katrini Guidolini , Gama Silvana Granado Nogueira da , Santos Neto Edson Theodoro dos
Published: June 2021

Abstract Objectives: to describe the profile of Brazilian Advanced Maternal Age (AMA) women (> 35 years) according to parity, as well as to analyze the role of parity in the relationship between AMA and mode of delivery. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study, based on the “Nascer no Brasil” (Born in Brazil) survey. The data were collected in 2011/2012. The chi-square test was performed to verify the association between parity and maternal, prenatal and delivery characteristics, maternal habits, pre-pregnancy diseases, maternal complications and obstetric history. Results: of the 2,510 puerperal AMA women, 20.2% were nulliparous, 54.4% had one or two previous births and 25.4% had three or more previous births. The nulliparous women had higher schooling, higher economic class and adequate BMI, were white; and had better maternal habits when compared to multiparous. However, they were also more submitted to cesarean section, although without reported complications. Conclusions: one cannot speak of AMA pregnant women as a homogeneous group in Brazil. There are inequalities that can be revealed via parity, since nulliparous women have maternal characteristics, habits and access to prenatal care and childbirth that are more advantageous than multiparous women.
Assistance and educational factors associated to congenital syphilis in a referral maternity: a case-control study
Authors: Rigo Felipe Leonardo , Romanelli Roberta Maia de Castro , Oliveira Iara Paiva , Anchieta Lêni Marcia
Published: June 2021

Abstract Objectives: to investigate the information received by pregnant women considering assistance care and educational factors on syphilis and its association with the diagnostic of congenital syphilis in a referral maternity. Methods: a case-control study conducted in a referral maternity in Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 2017 to 2018. A case group included newborns’ mothers with presumptive congenital syphilis and A control group was considered healthy newborns ’ mothers. Clinical, obstetrics variables and information about maternal educational approach on syphilis during prenatal care were obtained through interviews and medical records. Descriptive and comparative analyses were performed. Chi-square or Fisher's exact test and odds ratio were calculated followed by multivariate logistic regression. Results: sixty mothers were included in the case group and 120 mothers in the control group. Mothers in the case group presented lower schooling level and they were 24 times more likely to have information about the risks of congenital syphilis and five times more likely to had received previous treatment for syphilis and mothers in the control group were 10 times more likely to receive information about Sexually Transmitted Infections during prenatal care. Conclusion: adequate health assistance identifying previous history of syphilis and health education improving its information about Sexually Transmitted Infections can help prevent congenital syphilis, which indicates the necessity of a better approach by the professionals during prenatal care.
Low- level laser: cost of therapy fornipple trauma
Authors: Nogueira Danielly Negrão Guassú , Curan Franciane Maria da Silva , Cardelli Alexandrina Aparecida Maciel , Ferrari Rosângela Aparecida Pimenta , Tokushima Tatiane , Andraus Rodrigo Antônio Carvalho
Published: June 2021

Abstract Objectives: to measure the micro-cost of local laser therapy (LL) and transcutaneous laser therapy application by Irradiation Laser Intravascular of Blood (ILIB) to treat nipple trauma and compare the most effective and efficient alternative treatment. Methods: a cross-sectional analytical and quantitative study with analysis on the micro absorption cost, implemented as a clipping, from a randomized clinical trial that used two types of laser therapy to treat nipple trauma due to breastfeeding. The sample consisted of 101 nipple lesions. Patients were randomized into three groups (Control - CG, Local Laser -LLG and ILIB-ILIBG). Materials used, direct labor (DL) and laser equipment were predictors of costs. The delta calculation (effect size) was the indicator for measuring effectiveness and efficiency. Results: after three sessions, the average final cost was R$ 40.04for CG, R$ 53.55for LLG and R$ 67.29for ILIBG. After three sessions of treatment, ILIBG showed a great reduction in the lesion area, but with a higher cost (p<0.05). Conclusions: ILIBG had a better effect on healing the nipple trauma when compared to CG and LLG, even though it is more expensive, it suggests a positive cost-benefit and the most effective and efficient alternative treatment.
Relationship between maternal hemoglobin and birthweight in Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Madrid-Pérez Carolina , Restrepo-Mesa Sandra L , Tirado Jessica Aristizábal , Sierra Diana Carolina Londoño , Ospina Arturo Cardona , Parra-Sosa Beatriz Elena
Published: June 2021

Abstract Objectives: to determine the relationship between maternal hemoglobin (HbM) per gestational trimester and birthweight (BW). Methods: this was an analytical, cross-sectional observational study that included the prenatal records of494 pregnant women who delivered live newborns in the Department of Antioquia. The maternal health data collected included HbM and BW, and gynecological and obstetric, anthropometric, and maternal health-related data. The Mann-Whitney U test was applied, supplemented by effect size (ES) to compare the study groups. Results: HbMin the third trimester was significantly associated with BW (p=0.029).It showed a significant effect size on BW as follows: first trimester: ES=0.44 (CI95%= 0.183-0.697); second trimester: ES=0.49 (CI95%= 0.187-0.79); and third trimester: ES=0.43 (CI95% = 0.202-0.658). Maternal anemia was 4.2%>, 11.2%, and 21.4%> in the first, second, and third trimester, respectively. Conclusions: as it is an inexpensive indicator and easy to determine, the timely monitoring and assessment of HbM is required owing to its importance in maternal and neonatal health, quality of life, and human capital development.
Prevention measures for vertical HIV transmission: monitoring infected pregnant women and exposed children
Authors: Vasconcelos Cristina Silvana da Silva , Pereira Renata Junqueira , Santos Adiléia Fernandes Barros da Silva , Gratão Lúcia Helena Almeida
Published: June 2021

Abstract Objectives: to present an analysis of the follow-up of exposed children and pregnant women living with HIV who are assisted in a reference public healthcare service of a Brazilian capital. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study with sociodemographic and clinical data obtainedfrom physical and electronic medical records of women living with HIV and exposed children, treated between 2000 and 2018, in a secondary healthcare service. For associations, the chi-square test at 5% significance was used. Results: the data about 183 pregnancies and 214 children from the capital or other municipalities in the state were analyzed. The women have low schooling, are brown or black, single, multiparous, diagnosed with HIV during prenatal care, with the start of follow-up from the third trimester of pregnancy and the use of prophylaxis during childbirth. As for children, the associations were significant for notification on SINAN, admission to the health service, use of prophylaxis indicating better monitoring for those who live in the state capital. Conclusions: the prevention measures recommended by the Ministry of Health, in general, were followed, but children and pregnant women who live in other cities were worse off than those ones in the capital. Unnotified cases were identified on SINAN. These issues may contribute to new cases of vertical transmission of HIV.
Quality of life in women with HPV and accurary of direct visual anal inspection with acetic acid and lugol compared to high-resolution anoscopy to diagnose intraepithelial anal lesion
Authors: Marinho Geyson Alves , Oliveira Matheus Gomes de , Silveira Raquel Kelner , Silva Anna Christina Cabral Cordeiro da , Melo Filho Djalma Agripino de , Heraclio Sandra de Andrade
Published: June 2021

Abstract Objectives: to describe life quality of women with HPV and analyze the accuracy of anal visual inspection with acetic acid and lugol compared to high-resolution anoscopy in the detection of anal intraepithelial lesions. Methods: diagnostic evaluation study conducted with adult solid-organ transplant recipients and/or diagnosed with HIV and/or with a history of anogenital neoplasia, attended at the High Resolution Anoscopy outpatient clinic between April and December 2018. To calculate the accuracy parameters, 87 women participated: 44 with lesions and 43 without them. The 44 women with lesions were also subjected to a descriptive study to assess their life quality using the SF-36 questionnaire. Results: it was observed that almost half of the women in the study practiced vaginal, anal and oral intercourse without condom. History of HPV infection and anogenital neoplasia were the most prevailing with percentages of 81% and 72.7%, respectively. In five out of the eight domains of SF-36 they did not perform well in regard to life quality. Visual inspection with acetic acid and lugol presented sensitivity of 22.7% and specificity of 100%. Conclusion: unsatisfactory life quality was evidenced. Direct visual inspection with acetic acid and lugol should not be used in trials to spot intraepithelial HPV lesions, for it presents low sensitivity.
Systems Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA): a bibliometric and patents analysis
Authors: Borges Sarah Francisca De Souza , Albuquerque Marco Antônio Fontoura De , Cardoso Junior Moacyr Machado , Belderrain Mischel Carmen Neyra , Costa Luís Eduardo Loures Da
Published: June 2021

Abstract: The Systemic Theoretical Process Analysis (STPA) model is used for hazard analysis and accident prevention, based on systemic thinking and the identification of causal scenarios, created by Professor Nancy Leveson of the Institute of Technology of Massachusetts (MIT). The purpose of this article is to perform a bibliometric and patent analysis of the STPA model. Since bibliometry is an important tool in the analysis of scientific production, this method is used as a descriptive statistic, for the purposes of this study, the concepts of Goffman's Epidemic Theory were highlighted, under a mainly qualitative analysis, for a study of decline and ascent scientific method. For the bibliometric analysis, the main page of Professor Nancy Leveson was used in MIT's Web site, besides the Web of Science, Mendeley, ResearchGate, Village of Engineering and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Aiming to cover the patents analysis it was used the Derwent, IHS and Orbit research bases. Defining as search term “Analysis of the Theoretical Process of Systems” and “STPA”, searched in the title, abstract and keywords. A total of 171 publications (1990 to 2017) were found, with 89 specific references of the STPA model (2002 to 2017), addressing several subjects such as: definitions, steps, complements to the model, areas of application and use of the model with another risk analysis tool. At the end of this article are highlighted the main works of the STPA model, tools of support and analysis, serving as base and favoring future works.
Artistas latino-americanos na Paris modernista: a difícil consagração
Authors: SIMIONI ANA PAULA CAVALCANTI
Published: June 2021

RESUMO Este artigo busca problematizar as possibilidades de reconhecimento obtidas por artistas latino-americanos na Paris modernista. A partir das teorias sobre consagração artística, analisa-se principalmente o processo de musealização das obras de artistas latino-americanos que passaram a compor os acervos públicos franceses entre a década de 1910 e a fundação do Musée National d’Art Moderne, em 1947. A pesquisa realizada nos Archives Nationales permitiu identificar quantos e quais, dentre os mais de trezentos artistas latino-americanos atuantes em Paris, foram escolhidos para comporem tais coleções. Como se verá, foram realmente poucos aqueles que conseguiram ter suas obras inseridas numa coleção pública francesa, e mesmo assim, isso não garantiu visibilidade na época, como as flagrantes ausências no MNAM bem revelam.
Ser e parecer: indumentária e hierarquia social na sátira de frei Lucas de Santa Catarina, Portugal, século XVIII
Authors: Silva Luciana da
Published: June 2021

RESUMO A partir da perspectiva analítica da cultura material investigaremos a valorização das aparências na sociedade portuguesa da primeira metade do século XVIII, examinando representações do vestir e do aparentar na literatura de cordel produzida por frei Lucas de Santa Catarina. Trata-se de observar alguns aspectos das relações entre aparências e comportamentos na construção de uma sátira que visava criticar a falta de correspondência entre ser e parecer, num contexto em que a mobilidade social despontava em diversos setores. Tais textos fornecem ao historiador um amplo quadro no qual indumentária e comportamentos são descritos de maneira imbricada nas rotinas cotidianas. A partir dessas descrições, observaremos os conjuntos de artefatos necessários ao cuidado da imagem a ser apresentada no meio social, analisando seus usos e a percepção deles transcritos nas fontes selecionadas. Assim, refletiremos sobre alguns dos embates acerca das vestimentas e das modas, que se fundamentavam na contestação da ascensão social e no esforço de conter um amplo processo de mudança que marcava a sociedade portuguesa do período.
The light of Florence Nightingale in the care for COVID-19 patients in primary health care
Authors: Dios-Aguado Maria de las Mercedes de , Gómez-Cantarino Sagrario , Queirós Paulo Joaquim Pina , Peres Maria Angélica de Almeida
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the contributions of Florence Nightingale`s care model in the COVID- 19 pandemic. Method Reflection that addresses her theoretical model and its validity in this pandemic, using interpretative research methods and limiting nursing care to primary care. Results Some pandemics that have caused great impact in humanity are reviewed throughout history; the evolution of nursing care in relation to pandemics is studied; the genesis of community nursing is considered, and Nightingale’s care model is reviewed in COVID-19. Conclusions Florence Nightingale's thinking withstands the passage of time and, today, as the COVID-19 pandemic rages across the planet, her concept of holistic care and her idea of the art of nursing take on special significance by considering the context involving patients, families and communities.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of an intervention in a health team to prevent falls in hospitalized elderly people
Authors: Cunha Luís Filipe Correia da , Baixinho Cristina Lavareda , Henriques Maria Adriana , Sousa Luís Manuel Mota , Dixe Maria dos Anjos
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention program in practices and behaviors of a health team to prevent falls in hos pitalized elderly people. Method: This was an action, mixed-methods, and longitudinal study that applied an intervention based on TeamSTEPPS®, and organized into five domains: team training, communication, leadership, monitoring, and mutual support. The population was nurses and nursing aides who worked at the medical service of a Portuguese hospital center. Data were obtained by consulting process records and interviews, and by applying the Scale of Practices and Behaviors of Teams for Fall Prevention. Results: There was improvement in all indicators of the scale, with evident progress in discussion of risk factors and preventive measures to be implemented. Conclusion: This intervention promoted decision-making regarding the preventive measures to be applied to each elderly person and improved communication and the interest in identifying the causes of falls to prevent their recurrence.
Nivel de conocimiento y aplicación de la Medicina Natural y Tradicional en adultos mayores
Authors: Díaz-Rodríguez Yusnier Lázaro , Torrecilla-Venegas Rolando , Peña-Crespo Marlon , Molina-López Javier Agustín , Quintana-López Luis Amado
Published: May 2021

Introducción: los adultos mayores son considerados de riesgo por las disímiles vulnerabilidades que acompañan a la senescencia, de ahí que se recomienda la aplicación de procedimientos de la Medicina Natural y Tradicional para garantizar consigo una mayor calidad de vida.

Objetivo: caracterizar el nivel de conocimiento y aplicación de la Medicina Natural y Tradicional en adultos mayores.

Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal en un grupo de adultos mayores pertenecientes al Policlínico Docente “Manuel González Díaz”, Bahía Honda, Artemisa; en el periodo de septiembre a octubre de 2020. El universo estuvo conformado por 150 adultos mayores, trabajándose con la totalidad. Se recogió la información a partir de una encuesta. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva.

Resultados: predominó el grupo de edades de 60 a 69 años (35,33 %) y el sexo femenino (56,67 %). El 95,33 % (N=143) refirieron conocimientos sobre la Medicina Natural y Tradicional, consideraron los procedimientos terapéuticos como útiles y efectivos y afirmaron su aplicación. De ellos el 100 % refirió conocer y aplicar la fitoterapia como procedimiento terapéutico. Las recomendaciones de familiares y amigos fueron el medio de adquisición de los conocimientos sobre la Medicina Natural y Tradicional más representativo (76,92 %).

Conclusiones: el nivel de conocimiento y aplicación de la Medicina Natural y Tradicional en los adultos mayores estudiados fue elevado. Es necesario aumentar en variedad la aplicación de procedimientos terapéuticos de la Medicina Natural y Tradicional y fomentar el papel de los profesionales de la salud como difusores de su utilidad.
Misinformation Policy in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Cunliffe-Jones Peter , Diagne Assane , Finlay Alan , Gaye Sahite , Gichunge Wallace , Onumah Chido , Pretorius Cornia , Schiffrin Anya
Published: June 2021

Misinformation Policy in Sub-Saharan Africa is a single volume containing two research reports by eight authors examining policy towards misinformation in Sub-Saharan Africa. The volume first examines the teaching of ‘media literacy’ in state-run schools in seven Sub-Saharan African countries as of mid-2020, as relates to misinformation. It explains the limited elements of media and information literacy (MIL) that are included in the curricula in the seven countries studied and the elements of media literacy related to misinformation taught in schools in one province of South Africa since January 2020. The authors propose six fields of knowledge and skills specific to misinformation that are required in order to reduce students’ susceptibility to false and misleading claims. Identifying obstacles to the introduction and effective teaching of misinformation literacy, the authors make five recommendations for the promotion of misinformation literacy in schools, to reduce the harm misinformation causes. The second report in the volume examines changes made to laws and regulations related to ‘false information’ in eleven countries across Sub-Saharan Africa 2016-2020 from Ethiopia to South Africa. By examining the terms of such laws against what is known of misinformation types, drivers and effects, it assesses the likely effects of punitive policies and those of more positive approaches that provide accountability in political debate by promoting access to accurate information and corrective speech. In contrast to the effects described for most recent regulations relating to misinformation, the report identifies ways in which legal and regulatory frameworks can be used to promote a healthier information environment.
Does the Export-Led Growth Hypothesis Hold for Services Exports in Emerging Economies?
Authors:   Nile University of Nigeria, ONOSE Okpeku Lilian , ARAS Osman Nuri ,   Nile University of Nigeria
Published: June 2021

The export-led growth hypothesis states a positive relationship between the growth of exports and long-run economic growth. This study examines the validity of the export-led growth hypothesis of services exports in 5 emerging economies, including Brazil, India, Nigeria, China, and South Africa (BINCS), for the period of 1980-2019. The study employs the panel mean group autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) procedure to identify a causal relationship between services exports and gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. The findings show that the export-led growth hypothesis in services only has a positive effect on economic growth in the short run while other variables, including foreign direct investment (FDI), gross capital formation, and labour, increase economic growth in the long run. Hence, the emerging countries should focus more on internal investment to boost growth in the long and short run.
SISTEMA AUTOMATIZADO PARA ANÁLISE DIRETA DE TECIDO VEGETAL POR ESPECTROSCOPIA MOLECULAR
Authors: Baumann Luiza , Pessel Eduarda Ferreira , Pappis Cristiane , Fischborn Letícia Ana , Librelotto Marcia , Santos Roberta Oliveira , Bastos dos Santos Ronaldo , Helfer Gilson Augusto , Ben da Costa Adilson
Published: June 2021

Com o aumento da demanda por métodos que seguem os princípios da química analítica verde e devido a necessidade de maior produtividade das áreas cultivadas, novas técnicas de análise em tecido vegetal têm sido estudadas. Ultimamente, o uso da espectroscopia molecular vem se destacando, principalmente por apresentar resposta rápida em diversos tipos de análises, além de apresentar gastos significativamente menores em relação a outros métodos convencionais de laboratório. Assim, o presente estudo tem o objetivo de avaliar o uso da espectroscopia no infravermelho próximo aliado a métodos quimiométricos, para análise de nitrogênio em tecido vegetal. Para tanto, espectros de infravermelho na faixa de 960-2.400 nm de diversas espécies, foram obtidos a partir de uma mesa auto-amostradora. O equipamento produz um espectro de varredura com área de superfície de 4 cm2, na região entre 450-2450 nm, com capacidade de 40 amostras e frequência analítica da ordem 6 amostras por minuto. Os modelos de calibração foram realizados utilizando o software SOLO+MIA (Eigenvector Research, Inc), 8.6.1, com diferentes técnicas de pré-tratamentos dos espectros. Os resultados de concentração de nitrogênio não diferiram estatisticamente (p = 0,987) daqueles obtidos pelo método oficial. O modelo desenvolvido apresentou os seguintes erros, RMSEC 1,25 g kg-1; RMSECV 2,22 g kg-1 e R2 cal 0,986. Deste modo, observa-se que os resultados foram satisfatórios, legitimando que é possível o uso de espectroscopia NIR para estes tipos de análise.
Biomassa de Arthrospira platensis: Uma abordagem para produção de bioetanol
Authors: Julich Jennifer , Werlang Eliana Betina , Neves Fabio De Farias , Schneider Rosana De Cassia de Souza , Martinez Alfredo
Published: June 2021

Um estudo com a biomassa de Arthrospira platensis foi realizado para otimizar a fermentação com Escherichia coli MS04 obtida por engenharia metabólica. A sacarificação enzimática foi utilizada para liberar a quantidade máxima de glicose. Estes hidrolisados foram fermentados com bactérias etanologênicas, atingindo 5,5 % de etanol, o que corresponde a 52 % de conversão do teor de açúcares no hidrolisado e com mais massa de biomassa a conversão em etanol foi a mesma. O rendimento encontrado neste estudo mostrou que há potencial para a produção de bioetanol a partir de A. platensis e com fermentação com a E. coli MSO4, mas as condições experimentais podem ser melhoradas.