bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF GEOMETRICAL DESIGN ON FRICTION-WELDED AA6061/Ti6Al4V JOINTS FOR WING SPARS OF AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES
Authors: SHENBAGA VELU P. , HYNES N. RAJESH JESUDOSS , VIGNESH N. J.
Published: April 2022

In aerospace industry, there is a need for aluminum/titanium joints in wing spars of aircraft structures. This research explores the feasibility of joining Ti6Al4V to AA6061 by means of friction welding. Influence of geometrical design on the microstructure and impact strength of dissimilar AA6061/Ti6Al4V joints is investigated. Investigation by scanning electron microscopy reveals deformation of the grains at titanium side along the direction of stress, therefore leading to the formation of TMT (thermo-mechanically treated) zone. The intermetallic compound at the joint interface is attributed to the presence of brittle TiAl and Ti3Al phases. Rotational speed has a significant influence on the impact strength. The impact energy at the interface was found to be 10.2[Formula: see text]J when the speed of rotation was set as 1000[Formula: see text]rpm. Geometry featuring “spearhead with blunt end” is found to give good joint strength with minimum material loss. Fractography studies reveal the presence of few dimples in the welded zone and brittle mode of fracture.
DISTAL HUMERUS FRACTURES MANAGED WITH OPEN REDUCTION AND INTERNAL FIXATION OR TOTAL ELBOW ARTHROPLASTY RESULT IN SIMILAR RANGE OF MOTION AND REOPERATION RATES
Authors: Gordon Amber , Patel Shaan , Achors Kyle , Horowitz Evan , Smith Carson , Nydick Jason
Published: April 2022

Introduction: The purpose of our study was to evaluate complications in intraarticular distal humerus fractures in patients above 50 years of age treated with either total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) or open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF).

Methods: Between 1999 and 2018, 54 patients, underwent either TEA (27 patients) or ORIF (27 patients) for a distal humerus fracture at a Level 1 trauma center. Pre-operative variables, including mechanism of injury, open or closed fracture, AO/OTA fracture classification, and nerve palsy, were recorded. Main outcomes measurements included postoperative complications and reoperation.

Results: Average follow up was 3.3 years for the TEA group and 1.0 year for the ORIF group. The TEA group had 28 complications in 23 total patients Fourteen complications were minor and did not require reoperations. Twelve patients had a major complication requiring reoperation. The ORIF group had 25 complications in 17 patients. Twelve complications were minor and did not require operation. Twelve patients sustained a major complication requiring reoperation.

Conclusion: Patients above 50 years of age with intraarticular distal humerus fractures managed with TEA or ORIF have similar reoperation and complication rates.
Advances in Variable Stiffness Vibration Isolator and its Application in Spacecraft
Authors: Liu Feihu , Yu Dengyun , Wang Cong , Wang Guangyuan
Published: April 2022

Variable stiffness vibration isolator (VSVI) can be switched between the low stiffness state and high stiffness state, respectively suitable for spacecraft requirement in cutting off the jitter transmitted from the bus to high accuracy payload and for avoiding long term adjustment during the process of attitude maneuver. For the advantage stated, the mechanism of VSVI is investigated for several types, considering the following factors: parallel manipulator with positive and negative stiffness components, structure with nonlinearity stiffness characteristics, smart materials or mechanisms, and maglev configuration. The design objectives of variable mechanisms are summarized into three indexes: adjustment range of stiffness, a lower limit of resonant frequency, and region with quasi-zero stiffness. Experimental studies for related isolators were presented, and the typical configuration or schematic diagram was shown under each index. As for the application of VSVI in spacecraft, research on the two significant problems, i.e. dynamic modeling and non-collocated control problem, is investigated for the design of control law of VSVI’s stiffness. Besides the complete description of spacecraft flexibility, variable stiffness characteristic that leads to a time-varying system and is easily coupled with the maneuvering process is worthy of more attention. Finally, challenges and future research are suggested for improving the performance in spacecraft application.
Multivariety and multimanufacturer drug identification based on near-infrared spectroscopy and recurrent neural network
Authors: Zeng Wenjie , Qiu Yunqi , Huang Yanting , Sun Qingping , Luo Zhuoya
Published: April 2022

Near-infrared (NIR) spectral analysis, which has the advantages of rapidness, nondestruction and high-efficiency, is widely used in the detection of feed, food and mineral. In terms of qualitative identification, it can also be used for the discriminant analysis of medicines. Long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network, bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) neural network and gated recurrent unit (GRU) network are variants of the recurrent neural network (RNN). The potential relationship between nonlinear features learned from the sequence by these variants is used to complete the missions in fields such as natural language processing, signal classification and video analysis. Since the effect of these variants in drug identification is still to be studied, this paper constructs a multiclassifier of these three variants, using compound [Formula: see text]-keto acid tablets produced by four manufacturers and repaglinide tablets produced by five manufacturers as the research object. Then, the paper analyzes the impacts of seven different pre-processed methods on the drug NIR data by constructing different layers of LSTM, BiLSTM and GRU networks and compares different classification model indicators and training time of each model. When the spectrum data are pre-processed by [Formula: see text]-score normalization, the GRU-3 model has the best accuracy in all models. The BiLSTM models are better for analyzing high coincidence data. The method proposed in this paper can be further extended to other NIR spectroscopy data sets.
Highly improved photoluminescence properties of novel ternary Eu(cpioa)phen metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Yu Zhikui , Kang Suo , Wang Jiaoying , Tai Minghui , Wang Xiuzhi , Ding Yuheng , Jin Dalai , Wang Longcheng
Published: April 2022

In this work, a novel ternary Eu (III) metal–organic frame-Eu(cpioa)phen (H3cpioa: 5-(4-carboxy-lphenoxy)-isophthalic, phen: 1,10-phenanthroline monohydrate) was synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method. Structural and optical properties of the binary and ternary Eu (III) MOF were studied in detail. Results show that, compared with the binary Eu(cpioa) MOF, the photoluminescence intensity of the ternary Eu(cpioa)phen MOF is increased by 13.04 times, and the quantum efficiency is increased by 67.2%. The major possible reason for the highly improved photoluminescence properties might be due to the antenna effect induced by the addition of phen. Also, the highly improved crystallinity may also contribute to the greatly increased photoluminescence intensity and quantum efficiency.
Schwannoma Arising from the Deep Motor Branch of the Ulnar Nerve – A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: GIUNTA Gabriele , DE BAERDEMAEKER Randy , ZELTZER Assaf A. , HAMDI Moustapha
Published: April 2022

Schwannomas of the ulnar nerve in the hand are uncommon and those arising from the deep motor branch of the ulnar nerve (DMBUN) are rare. We were able to find only five reports of a schwannoma of the DMBUN. We report a schwannoma arising from DMBUN beyond the Guyon canal and summarise the literature on schwannomas involving the DMBUN.

Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Contactless Remote 3D Splinting during COVID-19: Report of Two Patients
Authors: SEDIGH Ashkan , KACHOOEI Amir R. , VACCARO Alexander R. , RIVLIN Michael
Published: April 2022

We used calibrated 2D images uploaded by patients to an online platform to generate a 3D digital model of the limb. This was used to 3D print a splint. This method of 3D printing of splints was used for two patients who were not able to visit the hospital in person due to restrictions placed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Both patients were satisfied with the splint. We feel that this technology could be used to offer additional options to conventional splinting that allows contactless splint fitting.

Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Fracture of the Distal Radius by Tuberculous Osteomyelitis: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: GARCIA-REZA Alejandro , CASTRO-MENENDEZ Manuel , DOMINGUEZ-PRADO Diego , YAÑEZ-CALVO Javier
Published: April 2022

We report a 94-year-old patient with a fractured radius that was being managed conservatively. At 2 months, an abscess was observed overlying the fracture site. An MRI scan was done and samples obtained for microbiological and pathological analyses. The patient was diagnosed with tuberculous osteomyelitis. Surgical debridement of the fracture site was performed, and the bone defect was filled with bone cement impregnated with gentamicin and rifampicin. Anti-tuberculosis therapy was administered for 9 months and the patient made an uneventful recovery. Early diagnosis and correct medical treatment depend on sound evidence of tuberculous osteomyelitis. Surgical debridement is essential if abscesses are present in the bone.

Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Observer-Based Fuzzy Sliding Mode Attitude Control for Flexible Spacecraft
Authors: Xu Yu-Tian , Wu Ai-Guo
Published: April 2022

In this paper, the attitude stabilization of flexible spacecraft with unmeasurable states and disturbances is addressed by an observer-based fuzzy integral sliding mode control scheme. First, a Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy model of flexible spacecraft is established and an observer is proposed based on this model. The convergence conditions of the estimation errors are given by Lyapunov function and the gains of the observer are thus determined. According to the obtained estimates, a novel fuzzy sliding mode control strategy is designed to compensate the influence of disturbance. Finally, an example of flexible spacecraft is employed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed observer and control law.
A Scoping Review of Assistance and Therapy with Head-Mounted Displays for People Who Are Visually Impaired
Authors: Li Yifan , Kim Kangsoo , Erickson Austin , Norouzi Nahal , Jules Jonathan , Bruder Gerd , Welch Gregory F.
Published: April 2022

Given the inherent visual affordances of Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs) used for Virtual and Augmented Reality (VR/AR), they have been actively used over many years as assistive and therapeutic devices for the people who are visually impaired. In this article, we report on a scoping review of literature describing the use of HMDs in these areas. Our high-level objectives included detailed reviews and quantitative analyses of the literature, and the development of insights related to emerging trends and future research directions.

Our review began with a pool of 1,251 articles collected through a variety of mechanisms. Through a structured screening process, we identified 61 English research articles employing HMDs to enhance the visual sense of people with visual impairments for more detailed analyses. Our analyses reveal that there is an increasing amount of HMD-based research on visual assistance and therapy, and there are trends in the approaches associated with the research objectives. For example, AR is most often used for visual assistive purposes, whereas VR is used for therapeutic purposes. We report on eight existing survey articles, and present detailed analyses of the 61 research articles, looking at the mitigation objectives of the researchers (assistive versus therapeutic), the approaches used, the types of HMDs, the targeted visual conditions, and the inclusion of user studies. In addition to our detailed reviews and analyses of the various characteristics, we present observations related to apparent emerging trends and future research directions.
A Support Worker Perspective on Use of New Technologies by People with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Balasuriya Saminda Sundeepa , Sitbon Laurianne , Brereton Margot
Published: April 2022

People with intellectual disability access innovative technologies in disability community centres in Australia, under the guidance of support workers. This article investigates the perspectives of 15 support workers and 5 managers across four community centres on the introduction and use of technology like tablets, video games, 3D printing, virtual reality, and social robots. They had diverse views on who is responsible for facilitating, embedding, and shaping technology for learning life skills and socializing. We found technology use to be driven by facilitator's knowledge (pre-existing, observed, or trained), interests, the value they place on the interactions afforded by the technology, and organization values. We discuss how future designs can emphasise communities of users while empowering individuals to achieve their goals. We suggest co-design strategies for assistive technology that involve support workers in the dual roles of proxy and co-user. We finally discuss how broader organisational factors can influence appropriation and use.
Interpretable Bias Mitigation for Textual Data: Reducing Genderization in Patient Notes While Maintaining Classification Performance
Authors: Minot Joshua R. , Cheney Nicholas , Maier Marc , Elbers Danne C. , Danforth Christopher M. , Dodds Peter Sheridan
Published: April 2022

Medical systems in general, and patient treatment decisions and outcomes in particular, can be affected by bias based on gender and other demographic elements. As language models are increasingly applied to medicine, there is a growing interest in building algorithmic fairness into processes impacting patient care. Much of the work addressing this question has focused on biases encoded in language models—statistical estimates of the relationships between concepts derived from distant reading of corpora. Building on this work, we investigate how differences in gender-specific word frequency distributions and language models interact with regards to bias. We identify and remove gendered language from two clinical-note datasets and describe a new debiasing procedure using BERT-based gender classifiers. We show minimal degradation in health condition classification tasks for low- to medium-levels of dataset bias removal via data augmentation. Finally, we compare the bias semantically encoded in the language models with the bias empirically observed in health records. This work outlines an interpretable approach for using data augmentation to identify and reduce biases in natural language processing pipelines.
Hypergraph Isomorphism for Groups with Restricted Composition Factors
Authors: Neuen Daniel
Published: April 2022

We consider the isomorphism problem for hypergraphs taking as input two hypergraphs over the same set of vertices
V
and a permutation group Γ over domain
V
, and asking whether there is a permutation γ ε Γ that proves the two hypergraphs to be isomorphic. We show that for input groups, all of whose composition factors are isomorphic to a subgroup of the symmetric group on
d
points, this problem can be solved in time (
n
+
m
)

O
((log
d
)
c
)

for some absolute constant
c
where
n
denotes the number of vertices and
m
the number of hyperedges. In particular, this gives the currently fastest isomorphism test for hypergraphs in general. The previous best algorithm for this problem due to Schweitzer and Wiebking (STOC 2019) runs in time
n

O
(
d
)

m

O
(1)

.

As an application of this result, we obtain, for example, an algorithm testing isomorphism of graphs excluding
K

3,
h

(
h
≥ 3) as a minor in time
n

O
((log
h
)
c
)

. In particular, this gives an isomorphism test for graphs of Euler genus at most
g
running in time
n

O
((log
g
)
c
)

.
Sex-specific effects of cardiorespiratory fitness on age-related differences in cerebral hemodynamics
Authors: Zeller Niklaus P. , Miller Kathleen B. , Zea Ryan D. , Howery Anna J. , Labrecque Lawrence , Aaron Stacey E. , Brassard Patrice , Billinger Sandra A. , Barnes Jill N.
Published: April 2022

We present data pooled from three institutions to study the impact of age, sex, and cardiorespiratory fitness on cerebral hemodynamics. Cardiorespiratory fitness was positively associated with middle cerebral artery blood velocity in women, but not in men. Furthermore, cardiorespiratory fitness was inversely associated with cerebral pulsatility index in both men and women, which remained significant in women when adjusting for age. These data suggest a sex-specific impact of cardiorespiratory fitness on resting cerebral hemodynamics.
Traffic Incident Detection Based on mmWave Radar and Improvement Using Fusion with Camera
Authors: Tao Zhimin , Li Yanbing , Wang Pengcheng , Ji Lianying
Published: April 2022

Improving traffic efficiency and safety is the goal of all countries due to the increasingly congested road environment worldwide. The progress of intelligence has promoted the development of the transportation industry. As the first step to intelligence, perception technology is an important part to realize intelligent transportation. Accurate and efficient traffic management systems, such as the automatic control of traffic lights at urban intersections or highway emergency disposal, need the support of advanced environmental sensing technology. In the application of traffic perception, millimeter wave radar and camera are two important sensors. Radar has been widely used in traffic incident perception due to its all-weather working capability; however, there are problems such as inability to detect stationary targets and poor target classification performance. Camera has the advantages of accurate target angle information measurement and rich details, but there are problems of inaccurate ranging and speed measurement and performance degradation in harsh weather conditions. Considering the complementary characteristics of the two sensors in information, an improved incident detection method based on radar-camera fusion is proposed. This method combines the advantages of millimeter wave radar and camera and improves the robustness of the traffic incident detection system. The detection performance is verified in the real experiment. The results show that the detection accuracy of the proposed fusion system is better than that of a single millimeter wave radar in all scenarios, and the accuracy is improved by more than 50% in some cases.
Content-Based Image Retrieval Using Colour, Gray, Advanced Texture, Shape Features, and Random Forest Classifier with Optimized Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Subramanian Manoharan , Lingamuthu Velmurugan , Venkatesan Chandran , Perumal Sasikumar
Published: April 2022

In this paper, a new approach for Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) has been addressed by extracting colour, gray, advanced texture, and shape features for input query images. Contour-based shape feature extraction methods and image moment extraction techniques are used to extract the shape features and shape invariant features. The informative features are selected from extracted features and combined colour, gray, texture, and shape features by using PSO. The target image has been retrieved for the given query image by training the random forest classifier. The proposed colour, gray, advanced texture, shape feature, and random forest classifier with optimized PSO (CGATSFRFOPSO) provide efficient retrieval of images in a large-scale database. The main objective of this research work is to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the CBIR system by extracting the features like colour, gray, texture, and shape from database images and query images. These extracted features are processed in various levels like removing redundancy by optimal feature selection and fusion by optimal weighted linear combination. The Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm is used for selecting the informative features from gray and colour and texture features. The matching accuracy and the speed of image retrieval are improved by an ensemble of machine learning algorithms for the similarity search.
Joint Dense Residual and Recurrent Attention Network for DCE-MRI Breast Tumor Segmentation
Authors: Qin ChuanBo , Lin JingYin , Zeng JunYing , Zhai YiKui , Tian LianFang , Peng ShuTing , Li Fang
Published: April 2022

Breast cancer detection largely relies on imaging characteristics and the ability of clinicians to easily and quickly identify potential lesions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of breast tumors has recently shown great promise for enabling the automatic identification of breast tumors. Nevertheless, state-of-the-art MRI-based algorithms utilizing deep learning techniques are still limited in their ability to accurately separate tumor and healthy tissue. Therefore, in the current work, we propose an automatic and accurate two-stage U-Net-based segmentation framework for breast tumor detection using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI). This framework was evaluated using T2-weighted MRI data from 160 breast tumor cases, and its performance was compared with that of the standard U-Net model. In the first stage of the proposed framework, a refined U-Net model was utilized to automatically delineate a breast region of interest (ROI) from the surrounding healthy tissue. Importantly, this automatic segmentation step reduced the impact of the background chest tissue on breast tumors’ identification. For the second stage, we employed an improved U-Net model that combined a dense residual module based on dilated convolution with a recurrent attention module. This model was used to accurately and automatically segment the tumor tissue from healthy tissue in the breast ROI derived in the previous step. Overall, compared to the U-Net model, the proposed technique exhibited increases in the Dice similarity coefficient, Jaccard similarity, positive predictive value, sensitivity, and Hausdorff distance of 3%, 3%, 3%, 2%, and 16.2, respectively. The proposed model may in the future aid in the clinical diagnosis of breast cancer lesions and help guide individualized patient treatment.
Effect of Zhujingqiaoyun Receptivity of Infertility with Kidney Deficiency Based on Ultrasonic Evaluation
Authors: Mao Xiaoli , WeiMao  , Zhong Ling , Qu Zhun , Chen Huimin , Wang Qiaomin , He Jingjing
Published: April 2022

Objective. This study aims to explore the effect of the prescription for Zhujingqiaoyun receptivity in patients with infertility. Methods. This project is a prospective randomized controlled clinical study, including infertility diagnostic criteria and dialectical kidney deficiency patients. 60 cases were randomly divided into 2 groups: the control group, where medication complex packing estradiol tablets were given, and the treatment group, on the basis of the control group, which was given Zhujingqiaoyun receptivity plus or minus. Transvaginal ultrasound was used to observe the endometrial thickness, endometrial volume, endometrial blood supply, and other aspects of patients in the two groups to evaluate the endometrial receptivity before and after treatment, and to record the pregnancy rate and safety of patients in the two groups after three menstrual cycles. Results. There was no significant difference in age, course of disease, and endometrial thickness between the two groups (P > 0.05). Before and after treatment, the endometrial thickness of the two groups increased significantly, and the uterine artery blood flow pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The endometrial volume in the control group was significantly lower than that in the treatment group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The endometrial FI and VFI in the control group were significantly lower than those in the treatment group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). In the treatment group, 30 cases were treated for 3 months, and 11 of those were pregnant (36.7%). There were 30 cases in the control group, and 5 cases were pregnant (16.67%). Both groups had good safety. SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used for the chi-square test. Conclusion. Zhujingqiaoyun receptivity on endometrial receptivity can treat infertility patients with good efficacy, increasing endometrial thickness and reducing uterine artery blood flow index. It is worthy of clinical promotion to improve pregnancy rates.
[Retracted] Research on Teaching Design of Geochemistry and Biology under the Background of Ecological Environment and Information Technology
Authors: Jiang Lei , Yu Na
Published: April 2022

The current social situation is that the rapid development of science and technology has brought about rapid economic growth, but the wanton development of ecological environmental resources, resulted in environmental deterioration, so that human survival faces major challenges. This is not only the current state of life but also an urgent problem that people will work together to solve. Therefore, in order to cultivate environmental awareness, make students intuitively and clearly understand the benign operation of ecological environment and the close relationship between people and the environment, this paper designs and studies the existing information technology to design biology teaching on the basis of the sustainable development of ecological environment and encourages students to strengthen the protection of the environment. This paper studied and designed the practical inquiry, analysis, and questionnaire survey. The experimental results show that the students in information technology teaching perform better than the traditional students, which can stimulate students’ enthusiasm, arouse their interest in learning, and deepen students’ understanding. The number of outstanding students increased by 5, and the number of failed students decreased by 8. The research significance of this paper is to provide new teaching design ideas for the existing biology teaching mode so that the development of information technology can benefit biology teaching.
Malingering of Psychotic Symptoms in Psychiatric Settings: Theoretical Aspects and Clinical Considerations
Authors: Bellman Val , Chinthalapally Anisha , Johnston Ethan , Russell Nina , Bruce Jared , Saleem Shazia
Published: April 2022

Malingering is the intentional production of false or grossly exaggerated physical or psychological symptoms motivated by external incentives. Although the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–5) does not list malingering in its diagnostic section and therefore does not identify it as a formal mental disorder, malingering and verified mental illness commonly coexist. Some subtypes of feigning behaviors, such as partial or pure malingering, dissimulation, and false imputation, can be suspected when patients have marked discrepancies between reported stressors and objective findings. The article discusses these three theoretical concepts with their possible clinical aspects, illustrating each phenomenon by clinical case with self-reported and/or observed psychotic symptoms. We summarized relevant findings and provided a review of clinical considerations that physicians can use to aid in the evaluation of psychotic symptoms in the context of those three concepts.
Happiness and Achievement Motivation among Iranian Nursing Students: A Descriptive Correlational Study
Authors: Amani Nezhad Jamileh , Abazari Farokh , Mardani Abbas , Maleki Maryam , Hebda Toni
Published: April 2022

Background. Happiness and achievement motivation are two important concepts in students’ lives. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the association between happiness and achievement motivation in undergraduate nursing students and examining their relationship with students’ demographic characteristics. Method. A descriptive correlational study was undertaken; 255 undergraduate nursing students enrolled in one nursing school in an urban area of Iran during the academic year 2017‐2018 were included in the study using census method sampling. The demographic data questionnaire, Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ), and Hermans Achievement Motivation Questionnaire (HAMQ) were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis. Results. The total mean (SD) of happiness and achievement motivation scores were 40.73 (11.20) and 82.61 (7.50), respectively. There was a direct significant correlation between happiness and achievement motivation (r = 0.36, p < 0.001). An inverse significant association between happiness and students 21‐24 years old (β = −3.99, p < 0.03) was found. There was a direct significant association between happiness and being married (β = 5.33, p = 0.03) and interest in nursing (β = 4.78, p = 0.02). Additionally, achievement motivation was associated directly with female gender (β = 1.93, p = 0.03) and interest in nursing (β = 3.71, p = 0.005) and inversely associated with studying in the fourth academic year (β = −3.06, p = 0.03) and history of course drops (β = −3.45, p = 0.002). Conclusion. Our study indicated that there was a direct significant relationship between happiness and achievement motivation in undergraduate nursing students. Therefore, officials and nursing education lecturers should consider programs to increase students’ happiness, such as counseling or emotional support programs and workshops.
PMEPA1 Serves as a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlates with Immune Infiltrates in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Li Jing , Kong Wei-min
Published: April 2022

Emerging studies have demonstrated that Prostate transmembrane protein androgen induced 1 (PMEPA1) plays crucial roles in the carcinogenesis of many developing human tumors. However, the clinical significance of PMEPA1 expression in cervical cancer (CC) and its contribution to cancer immunity have not been investigated. In this study, we identified PMEPA1 as a survival-related gene in CC based on TCGA datasets. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that PMEPA1 expression was an independent predictor for overall survival in CC patients. We could observe a strong negative correlation between PMEPA1 expression and PMEPA1 methylation. Two CpG sites of PMEPA1 were associated with overall survival, and one CpG site of PMEPA1 was associated with progression-free survival. The low level of PMEPA1 methylation was associated with advanced clinical stage of CC patients. KEGG assays revealed the genes associated with PMEPA1 expression were mainly enriched in several tumor-related pathways. Increased PMEPA1 expressions were observed to be positively related to high immune infiltration levels in several immune cells. Finally, the pan-cancer assays revealed that PMEPA1 expression was associated with the overall survival of UVM, PAAD, LUSC, BLCA, CESC, and LUAD. Taken together, PMEPA1 is a prognosis-related biomarker for multiple cancer types, especially CC. PMEPA1 is involved in tumor immunity, suggesting PMEPA1 may be a potential immunotherapeutic target in CC.
The Impact of Urban‐Rural Income Inequality on Environmental Quality in China
Authors: Xiao De , Yu Fan , Yang Hong
Published: April 2022

As the per capita income level increases, both environmental quality and income inequality will change significantly, which arouses people’s attention on the relationship between income inequality and environmental quality. Based on mathematical derivations, we first prove that when the relationship between per capita income and environmental pollution is nonlinear, and environmental pollution is not only related to per capita income, but also, among other potential determinants, to income inequality. Then, we use the two‐way fixed estimator to estimate the impact of income inequality on environmental quality by decomposing the Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology (STIRPAT) model. (1) The impact of income inequality on environmental pollution is significantly positive, that is, as the income gap widens, industrial pollutant emissions, carbon dioxide emissions, and PM2.5 in the air will increase; (2) there is an “Inverted U‐shaped” impact relationship between income inequality and environmental quality, that is, environmental pollution increases first and then decreases with the increase of per capita GDP; (3) per capita income is the intermediate variable between income inequality and environmental quality. The relationship between income inequality and environmental quality should be fully considered when formulating relevant policies. The government should adopt differentiated environmental policies targeted at low‐and‐high income groups to achieve a win‐win situation of economic growth and environmental protection.
Treatment of Distillery Industrial Wastewater Using Ozone Assisted Fenton’s Process: Color and Chemical Oxygen Demand Removal with Electrical Energy per Order Evaluation
Authors: Asaithambi Perumal , Busier Yesuf Mamuye , Kebede Debela Seifu , Govindarajan Rajendran , Hariharan N. M. , Alemayehu Esayas
Published: April 2022

Ozonation is one of the most effective and efficient advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and has shown great potential in the treatment of industrial effluent and wastewater. In the present work, the ozone-Fenton process for % COD and color removal together with electrical energy per order (EE/O) determination for distillery industrial wastewater (DIW) was established. The process was developed by combining the ozone (O3) with the Fenton (Fe2+/H2O2) process. The ozone-Fenton (O3/Fe2+/H2O2) was compared with other treatment processes such as O3, Fe2+, H2O2, O3/Fe2+, O3/H2O2, and Fe2+/H2O2 for EE/O together with % COD and color removal efficiency for DIW. The removal of color at 100% and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 96.875% were achieved with a minimum of EE/O of 0.5315 kWh/m3 using the O3/Fe2+/H2O2 process by operating at optimum conditions. The % COD and color values obtained using O3/Fe2+/H2O2 were significantly higher than those obtained using O3, Fe2+, H2O2, O3/Fe2+, O3/H2O2, and Fe2+/H2O2 processes. The % color, % COD removal, and its associated EE/O were evaluated by varying Fe2+, H2O2, O3 inlet and COD concentration, and initial wastewater pH using the O3/Fe2+/H2O2 process. The synergy effect of the O3 and Fe2+/H2O2 processes was evaluated and reported. Our experimental findings suggest that combining O3 with the Fe2+/H2O2 process could effectively treat industrial effluent and wastewater.
Identification of Serum miRNAs as Effective Diagnostic Biomarkers for Distinguishing Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma from Glioma
Authors: Si Pei-pei , Zhou Xiao-hui , Qu Zhen-zhen
Published: April 2022

Invasive surgical cerebrum biopsy results in delayed treatment for the definitive diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). The existent research was aimed at confirming the underlying diagnostic miRNAs of distinguishing PCNSL from glioma. A publicly available miRNA expression profiles (GSE139031) from adult PCNSL as well as glioma specimens were provided by GEO datasets. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were filtered between 42 PCNSL patients and 170 glioma patients. Candidate miRNAs were identified through SVM-RFE analysis and LASSO model. ROC assays were operated to determine the diagnostic value of serum miRNAs in distinguishing PCNSL from glioma. StarBase v2.0 was applied to screen the targeting genes of miRNAs, and KEGG analysis was applied using the targeting genes of miRNAs. In this study, we identified 12 dysregulated miRNAs between PCNSL and glioma samples. The ten critical miRNAs (miR-6820-3p, miR-6803-3p, miR-30a-3p, miR-4751, miR-3918, miR-146a-3p, miR-548am-3p, miR-371a-3p, miR-487a-3p, and miR-4756-5p) between these two algorithms were ultimately identified. The results of KEGG revealed that the targeting genes of hsa-miR-3918 were primarily related to MAPK signal pathway, PI3K-Akt signal pathway, and human papillomavirus infection. Overall, bioinformatics analysis revealed that ten miRNAs are potential biomarker for distinguishing PCNSL from glioma.
Smoking Cessation by Phone Counselling in a Lung Cancer Screening Program: A Retrospective Comparative Cohort Study
Authors: Ghatak Ankita , Gilman Sean , Carney Siobhan , Gonzalez Anne V , Benedetti Andrea , Ezer Nicole
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Smoking cessation integration within lung cancer screening programs is challenging. Currently, phone counselling is available across Canada for individuals referred by healthcare workers and by self-referral. We compared quit rates after phone counselling interventions between participants who self-refer, those referred by healthcare workers, and those referred by a lung cancer screening program. Methods. This is a retrospective cohort study of participants referred to provincial smoking cessation quit line in contemporaneous cohorts: self-referred participants, healthcare worker referred, and those referred by a lung cancer screening program if they were still actively smoking at the time of first contact. Baseline, covariates (sociodemographic information, smoking history, and history of mental health disorder) and quit intentions (stage of change, readiness for change, previous use of quit programs, and previous quit attempts) were compared among the three cohorts. Our primary outcome was defined as self-reported 30-day abstinence rates at 6 months. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify whether group assignment was associated with higher quit rates. Results. Participants referred by a lung cancer screening program had low quit rates (12%, 95% CI: 5–19) at six months despite the use of phone counselling. Compared to patients who were self-referred to the smoking cessation phone helpline, individuals referred by a lung cancer screening program were much less likely to quit (adjusted OR 0.37; 95% CI: 0.17–0.8), whereas those referred by healthcare workers were twice as likely to quit (adjusted OR 2.16 (1.3–3.58)) even after adjustment for differences in smoking intensity and quit intentions. Conclusions. Phone counselling alone has very limited benefit in a lung cancer screening program. Participants differ significantly from those who are otherwise referred by healthcare workers. This study underlines the importance of a dedicated and personalized tobacco treatment program within every lung cancer screening program. The program should incorporate best practices and encourage treatment regardless of readiness to quit.
Cultural and Creative Product Design Method Based on the Fusion of 5G Technology and Traditional Metal Craftsmanship
Authors: Ma Shiyu , Wang Hongsu
Published: April 2022

In recent years, the development of 5G communication technology and the Internet has progressed by leaps and bounds. The combination of the Internet and traditional industries has given birth to a new form of economic and social development - “Internet +”, which has accelerated the internetization of the entire industry. The integration of Internet thinking into the development of traditional metal craft cultural and creative products has become the key to people’s research. This paper aims to study the design method of cultural and creative products based on the fusion of 5G technology and traditional metal craftsmanship. This paper proposes the basic theoretical concepts of 5G technology and cultural and creative products. The experimental results of this paper show that the current traditional metal craft form score is between 3.9 and 5.2. The category score ranges from 4.8 to 6.1, and the creative score ranges from 3.8 to 5.3. It can be seen that the traditional metal craft not only faces the problem of a single form, but also faces the problem of lack of innovative thinking. Therefore, traditional cultural and creative products have not kept pace with the times. The research on cultural and creative product design that integrates 5G technology and traditional metal craftsmanship is very important.
Design of Active Disturbance Rejection Controller for Dynamic Positioning Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Hu Jia , Chen Wentao
Published: April 2022

Intelligent control methods play an important role in the dynamic positioning system (DPS). To improve the control accuracy of dynamic positioning systems, an improved active disturbance rejection controller (IADRC) is designed in this study, which can optimize the steady-state performance of the system and improve the tracking accuracy of the system. For nonlinear active disturbance rejection controllers, their internal parameters are complex and numerous, with difficult settings. Proper parameters cannot be found with the trial and error method, and traditional optimization algorithms showcase some problems, such as slow convergence speed, leading to frequent failures in local optimal solutions. An optimized particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm is applied to the IADRC parameter setting to boost the global search ability and the local development function. Simulation analyses demonstrate that, compared with other intelligent control methods, the IPSO-based IADRC dynamic positioning system has advantages such as fast response speed and strong anti-interference ability.
Exact Formulae for Degree Distance Indices of Sum Graphs
Authors: Javaid Muhammad , Farid Faiz , Liu Jia-Bao , Alanazi Abdulaziz Mohammed
Published: April 2022

The degree distance index (DDI) is a vertex‐degree weighted version of a well‐known index that is called by Wiener index (WI). In extremal theory of graphs, improving the bounds with best possible values is a worth investigating problem. In this note, the exact formulae of the DDI for the four different types of the sum graphs in the terms of various indices of their factor graphs are computed. Moreover, a comparison is also presented between the obtained exact and already existing bounded values for the particular sum graphs.
Analysis of Rapid Rehabilitation Effect of Children with Severe Viral Encephalitis Based on Continuous Nursing of Omaha System
Authors: Chang Sijia , Qi Yanan , Zhou Yingjuan , Jing Dan
Published: April 2022

Objective. To establish the Omaha System-based intensive care of children with viral encephalitis, compared with the conventional nursing applied in children with severe viral encephalitis for children with clinical symptoms, motor function, the incidence of complications, and the influence of quality of life, to intensive care of children with viral encephalitis way provide certain scientific basis. Methods. 62 cases of severe viral encephalitis diagnosed and treated in our hospital from X month 20XX to X month 20XX were randomly divided into 31 cases of intervention group and 31 cases of control group. The control group received routine nursing, and the intervention group added Omaha system on the basis of the control group. The recovery time of clinical symptoms and signs, FMA score, disability rate, quality of life, and satisfaction of family members were compared between the two groups. Results. The recovery time of clinical signs in the intervention group was shorter than that in the control group. Motor function was improved in both groups, but the improvement effect in intervention group was higher than that in control group. The quality of life in both groups was improved 1–3 months after discharge, but the improvement effect in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group. The incidence of physical dysfunction and behavioral abnormalities was low in the pregroup, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

), but the difference between language impairment and intellectual impairment was not statistically significant (

P
>
0.05

). Conclusion. Omaha system nursing can significantly reduce the recovery time of clinical signs, improve FMA score, reduce disability rate, and improve the quality of life and family satisfaction of children with severe viral encephalitis.
Exact Solutions of the 3D Fractional Helmholtz Equation by Fractional Differential Transform Method
Authors: Alshammari Saleh , Abuasad Salah
Published: April 2022

In this work, we applied the fractional reduced differential transform method (FRDTM) to find the exact solutions of the three-dimensional fractional Helmholtz equation (FHE) and compared our outcomes with the tenth-order approximate solutions for diverse fractional orders. Different values of fractional derivatives are signified explicitly in three dimensions. Outcomes are denoted in the tables for nonfractional exact and approximate solutions and fractional approximate solutions for different fractional orders. Two examples are given to prove the proficiency of the suggested method, to resolve diverse categories of fractional partial differential equations.
Fractal Analysis of Failure Process and Damage Evolution of Jointed Sandstone Based on DIP Technique
Authors: Liu ZiQi , Zheng LuLin , Liu Hao , Zhu Chun , Sun WenJiBin , Liu XiaoRong , Qiu Qing , Hao ZhiBin
Published: April 2022

The Lannigou gold mine deposit is mainly composed of calcium-bearing sandstone and siltstone, and there are a lot of microdefects such as joints and cracks in the sandstone. The mesostructure of jointed sandstone makes a difference to the fracture process and mechanical properties. The RFPA2D software and Digital Image Processing Technology (DIP) were used to create a real microscopic structural numerical model of jointed sandstone with varied dip angle prefabricated cracks. A digital image-based rock microscopic scale fracture box dimension algorithm was established with MATLAB software. It is used to analyze the fractal characteristics of the acoustic emission field of unique prefabricated fractured sandstone. This study demonstrates that the mechanical parameter of jointed sandstone with different prefabricated cracks have manifest anisotropy, which includes elastic modulus and compressive strength. When the leaning angle of the cracks increases, they all increase linearly. There are three modes of starting-crack under uniaxial compression: from the peak of the prefabricated crack; from the middle of the prefabricated crack; and from the joint. Damage degree and rupture model are quantitatively represented by the fractal dimension. The more fractal dimensions there are, the more serious the damage, and the more complicated the rupture mode becomes. This research offers a novel method for investigating the evolution of rock microscopic scale fractures. This has to have engineering practical value for in-depth studies of rock fracture, instability, and failure, as well as the mechanisms that cause rock engineering disasters.
Correlation of Serum IGF-1R, VEGF, and ET Levels with Bone Mineral Density in Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus Patients Treated with Metformin Plus α-Glucosidase Inhibitors
Authors: Chen Xue , Li Xiaosheng , Kang Sheng , Duan Wenbiao
Published: April 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic disease. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between serum insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endothelin (ET) levels, and bone mineral density (BMD) in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients treated with metformin plus α-glucosidase inhibitors and evaluate the predictive value of serum factors in the prognosis of osteoporosis in these patients. It was a prospective study that enrolled 142 patients with T2DM treated in Dinghu District People’s Hospital from March 2019 to May 2020. All enrollments were randomized (1 : 1) to receive either metformin (control group) or metformin plus α-glucosidase inhibitors (study group). After 12 weeks of treatment, metformin plus α-glucosidase inhibitors were associated with significantly lower levels of 2 hPG, FPG, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR versus metformin alone (

P
<
0.05

). After treatment, the BMD was positively correlated with IGF-1R and negatively correlated with VEGF and ET. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors plus metformin for primary T2DM can effectively manage blood glucose and reduce insulin resistance in patients, but the prediction of osteoporosis development remains to be further explored in large sample studies.