bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Восстановление целостности зубочелюстного аппарата при отсутствии фиксированной межальвеолярной высоты применением методики немедленной нагрузки имплантатов
Authors: Шагибалов Р.Р. , Лушков Р.М. , Утюж А.С. , Зекий А.О.
Published: January 2021

Цель исследования. Оценить эффективность совместного применения методики немедленной нагрузки дентальных имплантатов и определения центрального положения челюстей с помощью аксиографии.
Объекты и методы исследования. Дентальная внутрикостная имплантация проведена 34 пациентам в возрасте от 36 до 52 лет, средний возраст составил 45,4 Ѓ} 1,8 года. Из обследованных пациентов мужчин было 21, женщин – 13. Основными критериями отбора пациентов являлось наличие дефектов зубного ряда в совокупности с нефиксированным центральным положением челюстей.
Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. Методика немедленной нагрузки дентальных имплантатов позволяет ускорить процесс восстановления целостности зубочелюстной системы и способствует улучшению качества жизни пациентов. Особенно это важно в случаях потери жевательной группы зубов, что приводит к утрате фиксированного прикуса. Применение аксиографии для определения необходимого положения челюстей и фиксации центральной окклюзии позволяет избежать отдаленных патологических состояний при протезировании со стороны височно-нижнечелюстного сустава. Совместное использование методики немедленной нагрузки и аксиографии способствует быстрому и качественному восстановлению целостности зубочелюстной системы у пациентов с отсутствием зубов.
Заключение. Проведение денситометрии и периотестометрии в качестве критериев выбора методики немедленной нагрузки дентальных имплантатов способствует повышению успеха лечения, позволяет прогнозировать благоприятный результат.
Теоретические основы мукологии: оральный мукозит
Authors: Дегтярева М.И. , Казеко Л.А.
Published: January 2021

Оральный мукозит является одним из наиболее распространенных осложнений, наблюдаемых при проведении лучевой и/или химиотерапии рака. Возникновение орального мукозита обусловлено повреждением клеток и тканей радиационным облучением или действием высоких доз цитостатических препаратов, что сопровождается болевыми ощущениями в полости рта, нарушением вкуса, возникновением язв и эрозий на слизистой оболочке.
Цель исследования. Определить значимость проведения эксперимента с целью изучения методов профилактики и лечения орального мукозита.
Объекты и методы исследования. Ретроспективный анализ научных исследований, включающих разработку экспериментальной модели орального мукозита по базам данных PubMed, SemanticScholar и Scopus.
Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. Сегодня методы профилактики и лечения орального мукозита не стандартизированы и ни один из существующих методов не признан достаточно эффективным.
Заключение. Лечение и профилактика орального мукозита нуждаются в тщательном дальнейшем изучении с целью усовершенствования существующих методов и разработки новых. Отражена значимость эксперимента в условиях проведения научного исследования; приведены и описаны существующие экспериментальные модели орального мукозита, которые могут быть использованы для его дальнейшего изучения.
Клинико-анамнестические и лабораторные данные при стоматитах у детей
Authors: Кузьменкова А.В. , Асирян Е.Г.
Published: January 2021

Цель исследования. Изучить клинико-анамнестические и лабораторные данные при стоматитах у детей.
Объекты и методы исследования. Работа основана на ретроспективном и проспективном исследовании результатов обследования 120 пациентов детского возраста (3–16 лет) со стоматитами различной этиологии.
Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. Установлена частота сопутствующей патологии, хронический тонзиллит выявлен у 4 (3,33%) детей, атопический дерматит – у 10 (8,33%) пациентов, бронхиальная астма – у 16 (13,33%) человек, хронический ринофарингит – у 10 (8,33%) пациентов, респираторно-аффективные судороги – у 1 (0,84%) ребенка. В ходе работы выявлена связь с вредными привычками местного характера, наиболее ярко выражена вредная привычка онихофагия, наблюдалась у 6 (5%) детей. Аллергическая патология была выявлена у 30 (25%) детей. Пищевая аллергия – 15 (12,5%) пациентов, аллергический ринит и аллергия на шерсть животных была выявлена в равном количестве, у 6 (5%) пациентов, аллергическая реакция на лекарственные средства установлена у 3 (2,5%) обследованных детей. Определены изменения уровня кислотно-щелочного баланса полости рта у детей со стоматитами различной этиологии, отклонения от нормы выявлены у 58 (48,3%) пациентов. Ацидоз был выявлен у 2 (1,66%) детей с диагнозом аллергический стоматит, у 3 (2,49%) детей с травматическим стоматитом, у 11 (9,16) при грибковом стоматите (кандидоз), у 28 (23,33%) детей с диагнозом вирусный стоматит в острой форме (герпетический), у 13 (10,83%) при диагнозе хронический вирусный стоматит с рецидивирующим течением герпетической этиологии. Выявлено, что пациенты – 84 (70%) ребенка обращаются за квалифицированной стоматологической помощью на поздних стадиях проявления заболевания (вторая и третья категория по площади поражений заболевания), что пролонгирует заболевание.
Заключение. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о взаимосвязи сопутствующей патологии и местных вредных привычек со стоматитами у детей. Выявлены отклонения от нормы в кислотно-щелочном равновесии полости рта у детей с диагнозом стоматит, различной этиологией.
Активация нейтрофилов и лимфоцитов компонентами стоматологических материалов
Authors: Карпук И.Ю.
Published: January 2021

Цель исследования. Оценка выброса в ротовую жидкость миелопероксидазы и лактопероксидазы провокационных проб с КСМ и оценка влияния in vitro компонентов стоматологических материалов на экспрессию активационных молекул лимфоцитов крови пациентов с НМС.
Объекты и методы исследования. Исследуемую группу составили 24 пациента с непереносимостью стоматологических материалов. Пациентам проводили орально-буккальную провокационную пробу с 0,001% раствором солей металлов: NiCl2, CrCl3, CoCl2.
Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. Установлено, что повышение уровня пероксидазной и эластазной активности в ротовой жидкости наблюдалось у пациентов с непереносимостью стоматологических материалов после орально-буккальной провокационной пробы с раствором солей металлов, но не у пациентов контрольной группы. Выявлена активация CD4+ Т-лимфоцитов в ответ на стимуляцию ЖФП и РСМ. В результате проведенного исследования установлен ряд закономерностей в экспрессии маркеров активации Т-лимфоцитов и ЕК-лимфоцитов. Полученные результаты подтверждают потенциальную роль CD4+CD25+CD45+ Т-лимфоцитов и CD16+CD56+CD69+ЕК-лимфоцитов в развитии гиперчувствительности на КСМ.
Заключение. Измерение аллергениндуцированной суммарной пероксидазной активности в ротовой жидкости может быть перспективным новым диагностическим методом для подтверждения аллергенности стоматологических конструкций. Выявление гиперчувствительности к КСМ, по приросту уровня СD4+CD25+CD45+ Т-лимфоцитов и CD16+CD56+CD69+ ЕК-лимфоцитов, с использованием в качестве стимуляторов ЖФП и РСМ, может служить достоверным тестом для диагностики непереносимости стоматологических материалов.
Бета-лактамазная активность ротовой жидкости: механизм формирования
Authors: Жильцов И.В.
Published: January 2021

Цель исследования. Уточнить природу бета-лактамазной активности ротовой жидкости, оценить вклад в нее эндогенных факторов макроорганизма.
Объекты и методы исследования. Образцы слюны пациентов с гнойно-воспалительными заболеваниями ротовой полости. Были выполнены следующие эксперименты: 1) фракционирование образцов слюны (n = 4) препаративным диск-электрофорезом; 2) обработка образцов слюны с наиболее выраженной бета-лактамазной активностью (n = 10) взвесью гранул голубой сефарозы; 3) ингибирование бета-лактамазной активности образцов слюны (n = 16) раствором тазобактама (5 мг/мл). Определение уровня бета-лактамазной активности слюны выполнялось путем спектрофотометрической регистрации уровня распада нитроцефина.
Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. Фракционирование образцов слюны с изолированным определением бета-лактамазной активности белковых фракций показало, что максимум активности соответствовал белкам с очень низкой концентрацией и молекулярной массой, приблизительно равной 30–35 кДа. Обработка образцов слюны взвесью гранул голубой сефарозы показала, что в 4 пробах из 10 бета-лактамазная активность практически не изменилась, а в оставшихся 6 – снизилась в среднем на 19,9 Ѓ} 4,4%. Ингибирование бета-лактамазной активности проб слюны раствором тазобактама привело к снижению указанной активности в среднем на 83,2 Ѓ} 21,6%.
Заключение. Таким образом, бета-лактамазная активность слюны обусловлена на ≥ 80% бета-лактамазами бактерий (преимущественно – класса А), и на ≤ 20% – эндогенными факторами человеческого организма (в первую очередь – человеческим сывороточным альбумином). В большинстве проб слюны бета-лактамазная активность обусловлена исключительно присутствием бактериальных бета-лактамаз класса А, ввиду чего таким пациентам рекомендовано использование ингибитор-защищенных антибиотиков бета-лактамного ряда.
Экспериментальное обоснование применения мезенхимальных стволовых клеток для улучшения состояния тканей периодонта
Authors: Рубникович С.П. , Сирак С.В. , Денисова Ю.Л. , Андреева В.А. , Кузьменко Е.В. , Дедова Л.Н. , Хомич И.С. , Волотовский И.Д.
Published: January 2021

В статье представлено экспериментальное обоснование применения мезенхимальных стволовых клеток для улучшения состояния тканей периодонта.
Цель исследования. Обосновать восстановительные процессы в тканях периодонта при применении биомедицинского клеточного продукта на основе аллогенных мезенхимальных стволовых клеток жировой ткани в эксперименте.
Объекты и методы исследования. Проведена оценка клинико-рентгенологических изменений в тканях периодонта у экспериментальных животных, у которых в основных группах исследования сформированные дефекты костной ткани заполняли мезенхимальными стволовыми клетками жировой ткани.
Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. Во всех основных группах исследования сроки заживления слизистой оболочки в области операционного поля были сопоставимы между собой. При этом у животных контрольной группы наблюдали послеоперационную рецессию десны. В I–IV группах исследования значимых различий в клинической картине на всех сроках наблюдений после оперативного вмешательства не выявлено. Однако выявленные при рентгенологическом исследовании признаки восстановительного процесса в области пострезекционного дефекта в группах, в которых применяли остеоиндуцированные мезенхимальные стволовые клетки, а также смесь культур мезенхимальных стволовых клеток и остеоиндуцированных мезенхимальных стволовых клеток, были наиболее выраженными, что подтвердили показатели минеральной плотности костной ткани.
Заключение. Разработана модель экспериментального периодонтита у лабораторного животного, позволяющая использовать ее для оценки восстановительных процессов в костной ткани. Применение коллагеновых мембран с взвесью культур аллогенных остеоиндуцированных мезенхимальных стволовых клеток жировой ткани, а также мембран с взвесью смеси культур аллогенных мезенхимальных стволовых клеток жировой ткани и аллогенных остеоиндуцированных мезенхимальных стволовых клеток жировой ткани в пропорции 1:1 на разработанной экспериментальной модели дает возможность достичь более высоких показателей восстановления костной ткани.
APLIKASI PEMILIHAN DOSEN PEMBIMBING TUGAS AKHIR MAHASISWA BERDASARKAN KATEGORI PILIHAN DAN KEAHLIAN DOSEN MENGGUNAKAN METODE NAÏVE BAYES CLASSIFIER
Authors: Herianto Herianto , Rahmalisa Uci
Published: January 2021

Dalam tugas akhir mahasiswa dosen pembimbing mempunyai peranan penting bagi penentuan keberhasilan dan kelulusan mahasiswa. Mahasiswa memerlukan dosen pembimbing tugas akhir yang dapat menjadi sarana konsultasi dalam proses pengerjaan tugas akhir mahasiswa. Dengan demikian diharapkan mahasiswa dapat mengerjakan tugas akhir dengan baik, lancar dan selesai tepat waktu. Untuk itu diperlukan  dosen pembimbing yang ideal bagi mahasiswa . Seperti halnya di STMIK Hang Tuah Pekanbaru dalam proses pengajuan judul tugas akhir tersebut,terdapat beberapa masalah yang muncul, yakni adanya kemungkinan kesalahan penentuan pembimbing karena proses penentuannya masih menggunakan cara konvensional yaitu berdasarkan pengetahuan pribadi dari Ketua Prodi, kesulitan memantau perkembangan proses pengajuan judul tugas akhir mahasiswa dan kesulitan untuk melakukan pemerataan pembimbing tugas akhir.  Aplikasi pemilihan dosen pembimbing tugas akhir pada mahasiswa adalah solusi dari permasalahan. Sistem rekomendasi dosen pembimbing yang di bangun memanfaatkan algoritma naïve bayes classifier sebagai penentu hasil probabilitas dosen yang dapat dipilih mahasiswa. Naive Bayes merupakan teknik prediksi berbasis probabilistic sederhana yang berdasar pada penerapan teorema bayes (aturan bayes) dengan asumsi independensi (ketidak tergantungan) yang kuat. Pemilihan didasarkan pada kriteria kategori tugas akhir mahasiswa dan keahlian dosen. Dari aplikasi rekomendasi ini didapatkan rekomendasi dosen pembimbing yang sesuai dengan konsep tugas akhir mahasiswa. Dengan acuan data training dan aturan bayes didapat hasil yang cukup memberikan kepuasan bagi mahasiswa dalam mendapatkan dosen pembimbing yang sesuai dengan topik permasalahan tugas akhir mahasiswa.
APLIKASI ANDROID SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN ORGAN TUBUH MANUSIA DENGAN MENERAPKAN AUGMENTED REALITY (Studi Kasus: SDN 005 Makmur Pangkalan Kerinci)
Authors: Irawan Yuda
Published: January 2021

Organ tubuh manusia merupakan pembelajaran awal dari siswa Sekolah Dasar (SD) kelas 5, sistem pembelajaran organ tubuh manusia di SDN 005 Makmur Pangkalan Kerinci pada prakteknya masih menggunakan media buku saja yang dirasa kurang menarik minat siswa. Dengan adanya kemajuan teknologi saat ini, memunculkan suatu ide atau gagasan dari penulis dengan tujuan mengimplementasikan salah satu program aplikasi Augmented Reality. Dimana teknologi AR memberikan banyak manfaat yang dapat memberikan tampilan objek tiga dimensi (3D) berbentuk organ tubuh manusia pada smartphone android. Penulis merancang dan membangun aplikasi augmented reality dengan metode waterfall (metode air terjun). Aplikasi yang dibangun dengan menggunakan Unity 3D, Blender sebagai modelling, Vuforia untuk membuat marker, dan C# sebagai bahasa pemrogramannya. Hasil penelitian diuji coba ke smartphone android wali kelas 5 SDN 005 Makmur Pangkalan Kerinci, dengan cara mendemokan secara langsung. Berdasarkan data dari kuisoner, aplikasi yang dibuat memberikan banyak manfaat yang dapat menarik minat siswa dan memudahkan guru dalam menjelaskan bentuk organ manusia secara real, karena berbasis android yang dapat digunakan dimana saja dan kapan saja.
KORELASI MOTIVASI BERPRESTASI TERHADAP INDEKS PRESTASI MENGGUNAKAN METODE LEARNING VECTOR QUANTIZATION
Authors: Kurniawan Bambang
Published: January 2021

Motivasi Berprestasi mempengaruhi etos belajar mahasiswa. Dengan Motivasi Berprestasi yang tinggi, mahasiswa diharapkan memperoleh Indeks Prestasi yang tinggi pada akhir semester. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi Motivasi Berprestasi terhadap Indeks Prestasi mahasiswa. Data yang digunakan adalah data motivasi berprestasi dan data indeks prestasi dari 44 orang mahasiswa. Metode yang digunakan untuk pelatihan dan pengujian data adalah Learning Vector Quantization. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan persentase akurasi pelatihan sebesar 97.06% untuk data latih sebanyak 34 data, sedangkan untuk pengujian dengan menggunakan data uji sebanyak 8 data didapatkan persentase akurasi pengujian sebesar 75%. Persentase hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa korelasi Motivasi Berprestasi berbanding lurus dengan Indeks Prestasi yang dicapai oleh mahasiswa. Oleh karena itu, mahasiswa harus memiliki Motivasi Berprestasi yang tinggi agar mampu menyelesaikan studi dengan nilai terbaik.
有轨电车车辆“滚装”运输方案的应用
Authors: 姚 世明
Published: January 2021

城市发展，城市交通运输业发展迅速，而有轨电车作为城市交通运输系统的重要组成部分，承担着越来越重要的交通分流作用。为更好地提升有轨电车运行效率，需不断优化有轨电车生产运输。基于此，文章以有轨电车生产运输标准化作业为基础，简要概述了有轨电车车辆“滚装”运输方案的应用和重要作用，旨在提高我国有轨电车生产运输水平，以此提升有轨电车服务质量。
News of European Pancreatology (based on the materials of the 52nd meeting of the European Pancreatic Club)
Authors: Gubergrits N. B. , Byelyayeva N. V. , Lukashevich G. M. , Yaroshenko L. A. , Klochkov A. Ye. , Yuryeva A. V. , Borodiy K. N.
Published: January 2021

The 52nd meeting of the European Pancreatic Club was organized and conducted online in Paris on July 2–3, 2020. It is the first time the Congress took place online, with about a thousand of pancreatologists having participated in it. The high scientific, organizational and technical level of the congress should be noted.

This review presents the most interesting research results in the following sections: anatomy of the pancreas, acute early chronic, autoimmune pancreatitis, cancer and other malignant pancreatic diseases, functional pancreatic insufficiency, enzyme replacement therapy, pancreatic steatosis, microbiota in pancreatic pathology.

Dugic et al. (Sweden) conducted a systematic review “The effect of anatomical variants of the Wirsung’s duct on exocrine function and risk of pancreatic pathology”. Studies of the MEDLINE database from 1960 to 2019 were analyzed; data of 3234 patients were included. A classification of anatomical variants of the pancreatic duct system was compiled.

A lecture by T. B. Gardner (Great Britain) on pancreatic steatosis drew great attention. The problem of pancreatic steatosis is surrounded by a number of unresolved issues; the terminology of pancreatic steatosis itself is unclear. Under conditions of oxidative stress, cytokines released from adipocytes trigger the local inflammation and dysfunction of the affected pancreatic cells. The pathogenesis of pancreatic steatosis requires further studies.

The symposium on exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in pancreatic cancer played the central role in the congress. Professor E. Dominguez-Munoz (Spain) gave a lecture within the framework of the symposium. 80% of patients with pancreatic cancer have sarcopenia and/or cachexia. Sarcopenia and cachexia in pancreatic adenocarcinoma are the most obviousamong all tumor localizations. The pathogenesis of cachexia and sarcopenia in pancreatic cancer was analyzed in detail; the necessity of enzyme replacement therapy with Creon was substantiated. Particular attention was paid to the pathogenesis of pancreatic insufficiency after surgical treatment (pancreatic resections, pancreatectomy); the features of replacement therapy were highlighted.

The meeting of the European Pancreatic Club, as usual, was informative and interesting
Efficacy of antiinflammatory and metabolic bioregulation in complex therapy of chronic pancreatitis with the inflammatory changes of gastroduodenal zone organs
Authors: Shevchenko N. O. , Babinets L. S.
Published: January 2021

Background. The clinical course of chronic pancreatitis (CP) is characterized by symptomatic polymorphism, which is often associated with comorbidity of CP with other lesions of the gastrointestinal tract. Destructive-inflammatory processes of the upper gastrointestinal tract are very common. Such comorbidity is especially typical for young patients with CP (up to 45 years).

The aim is to study the effectiveness of bioregulatory anti-inflammatory and metabolic therapy based on the dynamics of clinical indices and parameters of exocrine pancreatic function and the condition of the mucous membrane of the gastroduodenal zone of patients with CP.

Materials and methods. We examined 50 patients with CP with exocrine insufficiency in the phase of unstable remission in combination with inflammatory diseases of the mucous membranes of the gastroduodenal zone. Group 1 (28 patients, age 40.25±1.34 years) received conventional treatment (CT) — pure pancreatin enzymes, proton pump inhibitors, antispasmodics or prokinetics (if necessary), enhanced by a step-by-step course of bioregulatory therapy, including parenteral course of anti-inflammatory drug Traumel C 2.2 ml intramuscularly twice a week (e.g., Monday and Thursday) and metabolic Ubiquinone Compositum 2.2 ml intramuscularly twice a week (e.g., Tuesday and Friday) № 5 each drug with the transition for oral administration of Traumel C per 1 tablet 1 hour after meals three times a day for 30 days. 22 patients with CP and concomitant exacerbation in gastroduodenal zone group 2 (age 41.34±1.21 years) received only complex CT.

Results and discussion. A comparative analysis of the dynamics of treatment outcomes in the two study groups showed that almost all clinical signs of the disease, endoscopy and exocrine pancreatic function after treatment in the group using anti-inflammatory and metabolic bioregulatory therapy results were significantly better than in CT group. The mean time to normalization of mucous membranes of gastroduodenal zone in the group with an additional course of bioregulation was 14.4±0.86 days, while in the group of CT — 18.1±0.46 days.

Conclusion. It was proved that the additional inclusion of step-by-step bioregulatory antiinflammatory (Traumel C) and metabolic (Ubiquinone Compositum) therapy according to the proposed scheme to the CT significantly more effectively (p˂0.05–0.001) improved the clinical course of the disease, contributed to the normalization of exocrine pancreatic function, as well as more quickly normalized the condition of the mucous membrane of the gastroduodenal zone — during 14.4±0.86 days, while in the group of CT — during 18.1±0.46 days.
Rice bakanae disease: an emerging threat to rice production in Bangladesh
Authors: Asmaul Husna , Md Asaduzzaman Miah , Nor Nik Mohd Izham Mohamed
Published: January 2021

Bakanae disease has been reported from almost all the rice growing countries in the world. The disease has been emerged as a major problem in some of the Asian countries including Bangladesh. Bakanae is becoming a serious threat to sustainable rice production in Bangladesh particularly in the northeastern part of the country and accounted for causing up to 25% yield losses. The disease has become difficult to manage due to lacking appropriate disease diagnosis. Fusarium fujikuroi mainly caused this disease but other Fusarium species are also reported to be involved for causing this disease. It, therefore, is crucial to understand the association of Fusarium species with Bakanae disease for sustainable rice disease management in Bangladesh.

Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 608-610
Common sage (Salvia officinalis) antiviral role: potentiality of a Unani hand sanitizer in COVID-19 (corona virus) second wave control
Authors: Azad MA Momith , Mahmud Abdullah Al , Islam Md Shahidul , Gouhar Ahmed Iqbal
Published: January 2021

The world has been fighting against a pandemic for more than a year, caused by a highly infectious disease named COVID-19 rooted by the novel coronavirus 2019. It has already been spread out in most of the countries and a few of which are experiencing second wave. The Novel coronavirus-2019 (SARS CoV-2) incurred more than 1.6 million deaths and 76 million cases in the world population (till 20 December 2020). Although some vaccines are being launched, however, their effectivity and availability are still unknown. Maintaining personal hygiene and social distance are the best way of protection. Hand washing is the utmost recommendation for the maintenance of personal hygiene since hands can be contaminated by the droplets easily. Particularly, in pandemic situations, it is crucial to interrupt the transmission chain of the virus by the practice of proper hand sanitization. The hand sanitization solely depends on the use of effective hand disinfecting agents. Natural formula-based disinfectants can be preferable to chemicals because of higher efficacy and lower adverse effects. Unani medicine is the system based on natural formulations. „Raihan‟ (common sage, Salvia officinalis) is frequently used in Unani medicine for its higher disinfectant role. Common sage extract with ethanol may provide superior efficacy against COVID-19. In this article, we presented information on common sage and its potentiality using with ethanol as a natural, skin-friendly hand sanitizer to prevent harmful action of chemical mixing synthetic sanitizer.

Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 611-617
Streptococcus pneumoniae, a pathogen of childhood pneumonia: an evaluation of isolated serotypes for vaccine effectiveness
Authors: Mia Md Zakaria , Islam Mohammad Ariful
Published: January 2021

The burden of serious pneumococcal disease is the heaviest in the developing world that focuses on its diagnostic importance. The incidence of pneumonoccoal disease in different regions of the world is not caused by some specific serotypes or serogroups of pneumonocci rather they are randomly distributed in population. A total number of 412 nasopharyngeal swab samples were cultures between January 2010 and December 2012. All the isolates were serotyped by using chessboard modification of quellung methods. A total of 102 S. pneumoniae isolates were found. The distribution among age groups shows that age groups 15 years and over 60 years are more frequent. The most common serotypes were 20 (17.6%), 33(16.7%), 6 (15.7%), 19 (14.7%) and 23 (10.8%) types. The addition of a pneumococcal vaccine (PCV) covering the prevalent serotypes in the immunization program could be useful for reducing the burden of pneumococcal diseases.

Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 618-622
Nutritional status and dietary adequacy amid reproductive aged women in Cumilla, Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md Hafizul , Jubayer Ahmed , Nayan Md Moniruzzaman
Published: January 2021

Dietary patterns are evolving greatly during the last years and various diet and lifestyle related diseases are increasing day by day. The prevalence of double burden of malnutrition and various nutritional deficiency diseases among the reproductive aged women, the most vulnerable group has become a severe concern during the last decades. Therefore, the study focused on the nutritional status of reproductive aged women, their dietary food and nutrient intake and the adequacy of these consumed nutrients as compared to their requirements. A cross-sectional study was conducted among the randomly selected 355 households in Cumilla district in Bangladesh. The results showed that only about 32% of the participants were found having a normal BMI range. The percentage of underweight, overweight and obesity among the participants were 13.3% (95% CI: 10.25, 16.36), 35.8% (95% CI: 31.49, 40.12) and 19.6% (95% CI: 16.04, 23.17) respectively. Dietary protein, carbohydrate, total fat consumption was 11.87%, 65.22% and 18.9% of energy. Consumption of vitamin A, C, D, Folic acid, calcium, sodium, riboflavin and potassium was very poor and found below EAR/AI among the most respondents. Thiamin, zinc, iron, phosphorous intake was satisfactory among the most respondents.

Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 628-634
Effects of bisphenol-A (BPA) on body weight, hematological parameters and histo-texture of kidney in swiss albino mice
Authors: Hoque Emdadul , Sujan Khaled Mahmud , Mia Md Suman , Haque Md Iqramul , Mustari Afrina , Miah Mohammad Alam , Islam Md Kamrul
Published: January 2021

Bisphenol-A (BPA) is one of the highest volume chemicals produced world-wide and used in the manufacture of plastics and epoxy resins that are pervasive in our environment and daily lives. The present research was carried out to investigate the effects of two different doses of Bisphenol-A (BPA) on the body weight, hematological parameters and patho-physiological changes of kidney in mice. For this study, fifteen mice, 6 to 8 weeks of age with an average bwt 27.10±0.5 gm, were randomly divided into three groups (n= 5). Group A (control) received only normal mouse pellet while group B and group C received pellet mixed with BPA @ 50 mg and 100 mg / kg bwt daily for 12 weeks, respectively. At the end of the experiment, blood and tissues were collected and processed for hematological and histopathological examination. Results showed that BPA- treated mice caused significant elevation (p<0.01) in weight gain even treated with low dose (50mg) of BPA. The mice exposed to high dose of BPA (100 mg) showed marked reduction (p<0.05) in total erythrocyte count (TEC), significant decreased (p<0.01) in hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and packed cell volume (PCV). Histopathological alterations were detected in the kidneys of BPA-treated mice. In conclusion, this study suggested that BPA exerts deleterious impacts on hematological parameters including association with renal injuries.

Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 635-640
Functionality of Elaeocarpus serratus leaves on growth, meat quality and cost return analysis in broiler rearing
Authors: Islam Md Manirul , Sumy Meherunnesa Chowdhury , Adhikary Kona , Bhowmik Priunka
Published: January 2021

The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of olive leaves with probiotics (OLP) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, blood parameters and oxidative stability of meat in broiler. A total of 160 day old, unsexed Cobb-500 chicks were distributed in to five dietary treatment groups: Control (Basal diet), OLP-1 (Basal diet + 0.4% OLP, DM basis), OLP-2 (Basal diet + 0.8% OLP, DM basis), OLP-3 (Basal diet + 1.2% OLP, DM basis) and OLP-4 (Basal diet + 1.6% OLP, DM basis) having 4 replications with 8 birds in each in a completely randomized design. Results showed that the live weight, overall average daily gain (ADG) increased significantly (p<0.05) in all treatment groups compared to control. The weekly feed conversion ratio (FCR) reduced significantly (p<0.05) in 0-14 days and the weekly ADG improved in 15-28 days. Blood cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (HDL) increased significantly (p<0.05) in all treatment groups except OLP-4 compared to control. The dressing percentage showed significant (p<0.05) difference among treatment groups and control. Organs weight were similar among treatment groups, although the breast meat and bursa weight differed significantly (p<0.05) in treatment groups. A significant increase (p<0.05) in meat crude protein (CP) and total ash content in treatment groups relative to control. Meat thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) significantly (p<0.05) decreased at 0.8%, 1.2% and 1.8% during 1st, 2nd, 3rd weeks and in average value as well. Net return and benefit cost ratio (BCR) substantially increased in all treatment groups compared to control (p<0.05). Finally, dietary OLP supplementation improved growth performance, meat CP and ash content, increased blood cholesterol, HDL content, net rutrun and BCR while reduced meat TBARS value. Thus, olive leaf probiotics can be a potential source to be used as feed additive in broiler.

Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 650-658
Dietary behaviour of pregnant women with anaemia in Bangladesh
Authors: Khatun Salma , Saha Ashees Kumar , Park Seungmi , Siddika Aysha , Sultana Papia , Khatun Fahmida
Published: January 2021

In pregnancy a healthy dietary behavior is beneficial for the expecting mother and her fetus. Anemia is one of the most common nutritional deficiency disorders that can be prevented through promoting dietary behavior. The aim of this study is to examine the dietary behavior of pregnant woman with anemia in Bangladesh. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was applied. By using G* Power, 135 pregnant women were purposively recruited from MMCH, Dhaka. Data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, independent t-test and one way ANOVA. Findings showed the mean age of the participants was 25 (SD=4.96) years. Multi gravida was 55.6% and 68.1% reported their medium healthy condition. The average dietary behavior reported 56.03 (SD=6.15) and 67.4% participants’ hemoglobin concentration were within 10-10.9 g/dl. In bivariate analysis, finding showed that anemia has significantly related with age (F = 12.88, p < 001), level of education (F = 2.92, p = .036), income (r = 0.19, p = .027), gravida (F = 5.63, p = .004) health condition (F = 10.89, p < 001). The result of dietary behaviors showed that anemia has positively correlated (r = 0.21, p = .017) with dietary behavior. Dietary behavior is related with some factors, age, low level education, grand multi and primiparous, poor health condition found less hemoglobin concentration indicate as less dietary intake. Monthly income and dietary behavior impact in increasing Hemoglobin concentration. In this regards, maternal nurses might play a vital role for providing nursing intervention to improve pregnant women’s dietary behavior.

Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 674-682
Investigation of prevalence and risk factors of subclinical mastitis of dairy buffaloes at Bhola district of Bangladesh
Authors: Aliul Hasan , Kumar Paul Ashit , Mahmood Riad Mohammad , Mizanur Rahman , Selim Ahmed Md
Published: January 2021

The subclinical mastitis is more serious and is responsible for much greater loss to the dairy industry in Bangladesh. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of subclinical mastitis and identify the associated risk factors in randomly selected 200 lactating buffaloes (192 local and 8 crossbred) at some selected regions of Bhola district, Bangladesh during the period from March 2018 to February 2019. California Mastitis Test (CMT) was performed on each quarter milk sample of lactating buffaloes at field condition for the determination of subclinical mastitis in dairy buffaloes. Overall prevalence of subclinical mastitis was 10.50% (21/200). The prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) was comparatively higher in crossbred (12.5%) as compared to local breed (10.42%). The highest prevalence of SCM in dairy buffaloes was also found in late lactation period (12.82%), age group 7 to 18 years (13.46%), rainy season (11.1%) and 2nd parity group (10.74%). Moreover, the buffaloes graze in free range areas; large and medium sized farms; poor health conditions and other diseases of post parturient period increasing the susceptibility of SCM. For early diagnosis of subclinical mastitis, CMT can be performed regularly as a control measures and emphasis should be provided on farm management practices; particularly on milking hygiene and udder sanitation.

Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 697-704
Human papillomavirus vaccination coverage among working women
Authors: Khatun Sajeda , Saha Ashees Kumar , Chowdhury Irtiza Ahmed , Sultana Arifa , Begum Mst Wazeda , Begum Jahanara
Published: January 2021

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the causes of cervical cancer which is preventable. The study was a cross-sectional study with the objective was to determine the Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage among working women. A total 236 educated working women were selected purposively from different working places in Dhaka city. A pretested semi- structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The knowledge was assessed by using modified Blooms cut off points which was developed with cervical cancer and vaccine knowledge related questions. The study result revealed that among 236 working women 71.2% knew about the risk factor of cervical cancer. It was found that 92.8% knew about the way of prevention of cervical cancer respectively. The overall knowledge on cervical cancer and vaccine was found to be having good knowledge 21.2%, satisfactory knowledge 41.9% and poor knowledge 36.9%. Out of the total working women only 5.1% had HPV vaccination coverage. Reason behind non vaccinations, 50% mentioned had no knowledge about vaccine, 35.3% mentioned can’t decide and 8.9% mentioned high cost of vaccine. Significant association has been observed in between vaccination coverage with over all knowledge of cervical cancer (p value .04). It may be concluded that HPV vaccination coverage is very low which needs awareness program on this issues through mass media, educational session, counseling and so on to reduce human papillomavirus associated cancers as well as economic burden.

Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 714-722
Knowledge and practices regarding infection control among nurses in secondary level hospital
Authors: Das Ringku , Saha Ashees Kumar , Barua Priti Kana , Borua Jay Priya , Akhter Nasima , Hossain Akram
Published: January 2021

Infection control and standard precautions is evidence-based practices that can reduce the risk of transmission of microorganisms. Infection control education is a fundamental component of the Nursing curriculum. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge and practices regarding infection control among nurses in secondary level hospital at 250 beds Chittagong General Hospital and Fouzderhat TB Hospital, Chittagong. The study period was 1st January to 31st December 2018. Total 182 nurses were included in this study. The respondents were selected by purposive sampling technique and data were collected by face to face interview. The study was found that (78.0%) respondents had fair knowledge and (90.2%) had fair practices regarding infection control. The study also revealed that, 161 (88.5%) respondents awarded about hand washing, 179 (98.4%) respondents were concerned about waste management and 93 (51.1%) respondents agree and 85 (46.7%) respondents strongly agree about PPE use is important. Significant statistical difference was found between working experience and knowledge level. This study can be concluded that in spite of practice level regarding infection control, nurses had fair knowledge level. These finding suggest that nurse knowledge and practice regarding infection control need further improvement.

Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 731-737
Anti-oxidant, pediculicidal and pesticidal activities of leaves of Rhinacanthus nasutus (Linn) grown in Sri Lanka
Authors: Bulugahapitiya Vajira P , PTN Fernando , HD Jayasekara
Published: January 2021

Rhinacanthus nasutus is an ethnomedical plant used in the traditional system of medicine for treating skin diseases. As no adequate studies available on R. nasutus grown in Sri Lanka, this study aimed on exploring anti-oxidant, anti-parasitic and pesticidal activity of leaves of the plant. Antioxidant capacity of the crude extract of leaves was evaluated using DPPH free radical scavenging assay and FRAP assay using ascorbic acid and FeSO4.7H2O as the standards respectively. Pediculicidal efficacy was carried out against head lice using 0.0010% (w/v) methanolic, ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts of leaves by following modified filter paper diffusion bioassay. Pesticidal activity of leaves was evaluated using modified filter paper contact bioassay against mealybugs, P. marginatus, resides on papaw and guava trees. The IC50 value of DPPH assay was found to be 514.3 μgmL-1 and FRAP value was found to be 594.33±2.93 μmol Fe2+/g in anti-oxidant assay. The LT50 (median Lethal Time) values for 0.0010% (w/v) concentration of methanolic, ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts were 263, 347 and 676 min respectively in pediculicidal assay. LC50 (50% mortality) value was found to be 0.0011% (w/v) after 240 minutes whereas LT50 values of 0.0020% (w/v) of methanol, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions of R. nasutus for adult were found as 31, 124 and 189 hours and for nymph were 14, 18 and 29 hours respectively in pesticidal assay. Accordingly, methanolic extract was effective in controlling nymph stage of mealybug life cycle than adults with the LC50 of 0.0015% (w/v) within 14 hours. This study confirmed promising pediculicidal and pesticidal activity and significant anti-oxidant capacity of leaves of R. nasutus.

Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 754-760
Study of the climate change impact on fishers’ livelihood near the Padma river in Munshiganj, Bangladesh
Authors: Ema Noore Safa , Hossain Md Saddam , Uddin Md Nagim , Rahman Mohammad Matiur , Hossain Zakir
Published: January 2021

Climate change is a contemporary global threat to the whole world especially in the coastal area like Bangladesh. Bangladesh is extremely vulnerable to climate change impacts because of its geographical location. This research is an attempt to assess the impacts of climate change on fishersʹ livelihood of a selected climate hotspot zone Munshiganj. In the study area, the average sex ratios of male and female were 56.67% and 43.33%, respectively and their religion ratio were Islam 45% and Hindu 55%. There was 60% nuclear family and 40% joint family. About 86.4% house was tin-shed and drinking water source was only tube well. In Munshiganj, 11% fishers were illiterate, 27% had primary, 38% had secondary, 16% had higher secondary and 8% had bachelor. Most of the people about 59% were depended on Upazila Health Complex for their health issues. Highest percentage of fishers about 40% had an annual income of 20,001 to 24,000 BDT. About 62.7% fishers were agreed with the statements: reduce fish production, damage fishing ground, blockage of fish migration road, damage biodiversity, increasing temperature, enhance soil erosion, reduce rainfall, siltation, water flow, storm frequency, changing spawning season, decrease fish production, extinction fish species. In study area, women and children are affected severely i.e. malnutrition, education, treatment, early marriage etc. The present study clearly indicates that there are visible changes in livelihood condition of fishers‟ in the study areas of Munshiganj.

Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 777-784
Knowledge and practice of essential newborn care among rural mothers
Authors: Begum Mst Beauty , Mittra China Rani , Shaha Ashees Kumar , Mondal Priti Lata , Naher Kamarun , Halim Kazi Shafiqul
Published: January 2021

Components of essential newborn care (ENC) and neonatal resuscitation are proven interventions for reducing neonatal mortality rate and stillbirth rates. This cross-sectional study was carried out among 354 rural mothers to assess the level of knowledge and practice of ENC. The study was conducted from 1st January to 31st December 2019 in Panchagarh district. Rural mothers were interviewed with a semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire and an observational check list was also used. This study revealed that, majority of the respondents 306 (86.4%) knew that baby should be kept warmth by wrapping with dry cloth and 39(11.0%) respondents should be kept in skin to skin contact immediately after delivery to maintain thermoregulation. From the total respondents 202 (57.1 %) knew that once should start breast feeding immediately after birth. Out of 354 respondents 344 (97.2%) gave colostrum to their baby. The study also finds that, 210 (59.3%) respondents had inadequate knowledge regarding essential new born care while 144 (40.7%) had adequate knowledge and 164 (46.3%) respondents had inadequate practice regarding essential new born care while 190 (53.7%) had adequate practice. Respondents who had inadequate knowledge had significantly more inadequate practice than others (p<0.001). Effective interventions can improve key newborn care practices, care-seeking and, in high mortality settings, reduce newborn mortality.

Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 785-794
A new statistical approach for the identification of outlier genes in cancer microarray data
Authors: Hossen Md Bipul
Published: January 2021

The aim of microarrays technology is to discover genes, which are differentially expressed as outliers between two or more groups of patients are an important task in the genomics community. The regular pattern of genes may often breakdown due to the presence of outliers and it is essential to detect those genes whose behavior looks abnormal in experimental and biological conditions. Several statistical techniques - t-statistic, cancer outlier profile analysis (COPA), outlier sums (OS), outlier robust t-statistic (ORT), maximum ordered subset t-statistics (MOST) and least sum of ordered subset square t-statistics (LSOSS) were developed to address the problem of detecting outlier genes in microarray data but these methods are affected by some problems especially if there is an unusual observation in such dataset then the standard assumptions of distribution parameter may be violated and these techniques might not be suitable to detect outliers genes as well. For these consequences, I have developed a new statistical technique that is “Propose t-statistic (PT)”. The performance of the newly proposed method PT statistic compare with the other existing methods applied to the monte carlo simulation data, package data, and real cancer datasets. The result shows that the outlier genes are identified by using the proposed method PT as well and will give the best and identical results than other methods. The performance of the proposed approach significantly improves than the traditional methods and it can extensively contribute to the medical as well as the genomic community.

Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 795-801
Knowledge and practices of health workers on safe disposal of sharp medical wastes in selected hospitals
Authors: Samadder Eti , Shaha Ashees Kumar , Chowdhury Irtiza Ahmed , Khatun Sajeda , Mittra China Rani , Sultana Hafiza
Published: January 2021

Sharp medical waste is infectious and hazardous because of their high potential diseases transmission and injury. It poses serious threats to environmental health. A cross sectional study was done to assess the level of knowledge and practices of health workers on safe disposal of sharp medical wastes. This study was done in Pirojpur Sadar Hospital, Nazirpur Upazilla Health Complex and Zia Nagar Upazilla Health Complex. Sample size was 200 Health Workers. A Semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used for data collection. The collected data were processed and analyzed with the help of SPSS (Version 20) software on the basis of different variables. The period of study was from January to December 2016. The study result shows that among 200 respondent mean age was 44.05 (±7.01) years. The designation varieties were nurses (70.0%), doctor (10.0%), Aya/ward boy (15.0%). This study found that, majority of the respondents had knowledge about the concept of medical waste and sharp medical waste. Among the respondents (90.0%) respondents knew the correct color bin to segregate sharp medical waste. Multiple responses of the respondents (80%) mentioned that they got information from Course curriculum. Knowledge of the respondents on sharp medical waste disposal (64.5%) had Good knowledge, (23%) had Fair Knowledge and (12.5%) had Poor Knowledge. Most of the respondents (47.5%) had Good practices, (33%) had Fair and (20%) had Poor practices regarding safe disposal of sharp medical waste disposal. Adequate supply of equipment’s and strict monitoring system should be established to improvement the practice of the health care providers regarding safe disposal of sharp medical waste. Training on sharp medical waste disposal will help the participants to improve their knowledge and practices.

Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 802-808