bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Burnout among Postgraduate Medical Trainees, and Associated Potential Factors With Burnout, At Security Forces Hospital (SFH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: AlHamad Eyas
Published: January 2024

Background: Burnout is a work-related stress syndrome of Emotional Exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP), and decreased Personal Accomplishment (PA). This study aimed at assessing the prevalence of burnout among residents using Maslach Burnout Inventory–Health Services Survey (MBI-HSS) Questionnaire, with the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on their well-being as well.
Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted on January and February 2022, using online questionnaire distributed to 202 postgraduate medical trainees of 10 training programs, at Security Forces Hospital (SFH), in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data entry was done using Microsoft Excel and analysed through SPSS version 28.0.
Results: 59 out of 202 residents have completed their participation in the study, with response of 29.2%. Males were 69.5% of the participants, and 88.1% were less than 30 years of age. In addition, 66.1% were single, and 37.3% are residents of Family Medicine specialty, and 27.1% are first year residents (R1). 47.5% of residents have high EE, while 25.4% have high DP, and 44.1% have low PA. 37.3% of the residents usually work between 40 - 60 hours per week, while 22% work less than 40 hours per week, and 40.6% work more than 60 hours. Finally, there was a statistically significant association between low PA scores and the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the well-being of the medical trainees (P= 0.006).
Conclusion: Burnout scales scores were high among residents. Younger age and bad quality of sleep have an association with burnout risk. The COVID-19 pandemic has a negative impact on residents' wellbeing, and its negative impact on their career as trainee and healthcare professional is considered as a risk for burnout as well.
Pengaruh komunikasi media sosial terhadap niat perilaku pelanggan dimediasi kepuasan pelanggan dan dimoderasi gender dalam industri hospitality
Authors: Cahya David Dwi , Tunjungsari Hetty Karunia
Published: January 2024

This research aims to examine the impact of social media communication on customer behavioral intentions in the restaurant sector within the hospitality industry. The study also considers customer satisfaction as a mediation and gender as a moderation. The research employs a quantitative methodology, with data collected through questionnaires distributed to 200 respondents in the hospitality especially the restaurant industry in Bekasi city, using accidental sampling techniques. The data analysis, conducted using the SEM-PLS method, indicates no significant direct influence of social media communication on customer behavioral intentions. Nevertheless, the research finds that communication from both restaurants and customers on social media has a positive and significant impact on customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction then plays a crucial role as a mediator in connecting social media communication with customer behavioral intentions. The findings also suggest that the influence of customer satisfaction on behavioral intentions is stronger among females compared to males, indicating gender differences in the response to customer satisfaction in the context of social media communication.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dampak komunikasi melalui media sosial terhadap niat perilaku pelanggan di sektor restoran dalam industri hospitality. Penelitian ini juga mempertimbangkan kepuasan pelanggan sebagai mediasi dan gender sebagai moderasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif, dengan pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada 200 responden pelanggan restoran di kota Bekasi. Dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling, hasil analisis data dengan metode SEM-PLS menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada pengaruh signifikan langsung dari komunikasi melalui media sosial terhadap niat perilaku pelanggan. Meskipun demikian, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa komunikasi dari restoran dan pelanggan di media sosial memberikan dampak positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan. Kepuasan pelanggan kemudian berperan sebagai mediasi penting dalam menghubungkan komunikasi media sosial terhadap niat perilaku pelanggan. Temuan juga menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh kepuasan pelanggan terhadap niat perilaku lebih kuat pada gender wanita dibandingkan pria, menunjukkan perbedaan respons antara wanita dan pria terhadap kepuasan pelanggan dalam konteks komunikasi media sosial.
Ethnomedicinal plants used by Irula tribe in Tamil Nadu, India: A review
Authors: Selvaraj Jeevith , Chingath Ramanunni Aswathi , Ponnusamy Samydurai , Maran Saradha , Kandhasamy Nagaraj
Published: January 2024

Irulas are one of the dominant tribal communities in Southern India. The ethnobotanical knowledge used for medicinal purposes and daily food utilised by the indigenous community from Tamil Nadu, India was reviewed and presented. All the available literature, articles, reports, books and websites were reviewed for the present work. A total of 60 published records were found on ethnobotany and medicinal plants of Irulas starting from 1980 to 2023 from Tamil Nadu which was reviewed and analysed here. In this review, about 34 publications were represented from the Coimbatore district as a major contribution and 11 from Nilgiris district.
A total of 663 species and 462 genera belonging to 121 families were used by the Irulas community from Tamil Nadu state. Overall, 15 major broad-type disorders were categorised for the utilisation of plant species under different ailments and diseases. About 417 species were consumed for general health purposes and disorders of fever, cold, cough, headache, migraine, cuts, wounds, and body pain, followed by 288 species for gastrointestinal and 177 species for dermatological disorders. The present review on ethnomedicinal plants provides updated valuable information and amend on the traditional folk medicine and daily food utilised by the indigenous tribe of Tamil Nadu. The ethnobotanical data could play a major role in the medicinal plant of RET species conservation. Also, this will serve as a great potential value for the locals and urban environment.
A review of significance of allelopathy in anticipating negative climate change effects
Authors: Zandi Peiman , Darma Aminu , Li Qian , Zhou Xue , Yaosheng Wang , Schnug Ewald
Published: January 2024

Allelopathy refers to the chemical interactions between plants, where certain species release chemicals which affect the growth, development and survival of neighboring plants. These chemicals, known as allelochemicals, can have also positive or negative side effects on ecosystems, which have potential to interact with climate change. However, the common  understanding of the ecological implications of allelopathy and its impact on plant community dynamics, species composition, and biodiversity is limited, with scarce information available on how allelochemicals are produced, released, and affect neighboring plants. The significance of allelopathy for climate change effects on agriculture relates to its interaction with carbon sequestration, nutrient cycling, and soil health and last but not least with greenhouse gas emissions. This review highlights the importance of allelopathy as a vital ecological process for sustainable land management and ecosystem resilience in the face of climate-related challenges.
Ecological implications: nature capital loss and the spread of invasive European wild rabbit in Mexico
Authors: Halecki Wiktor , López-Hernández Nuria Aide
Published: January 2024

Ecological integrity, a pivotal concept, characterizes the capacity of an ecosystem to perpetuate an interwoven, sustainable, and adaptable ecological system that encompasses the entire spectrum of elements and processes one would anticipate in the natural backdrop of a given region. This article also sheds light on the status of the wild European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.), which faces endangerment in its native habitat. Conversely, in Mexico, it has proven highly invasive. The presence of European rabbits in Mexico can lead to direct competition with native herbivores, potentially reducing their populations and altering the species composition of plants. Efforts to mitigate the ecological implications of invasive European rabbits in Mexico may include the implementation of control and eradication measures, the restoration of native habitats, and increased public awareness and education about the impact of invasive species on ecosystems. These actions are essential to safeguard Mexico's biodiversity and Natural Capital Index. A practical recommendation in this research is to fortify the protection ranges of isolated priority areas. O. cuniculus distribution may increase in the future. Eliminating rabbits from certain sites can generate more problems than it solves.
Biodiversity on one of the post-mining heaps in the Silesian province (Poland)
Authors: Chrzan Anna
Published: January 2024

Waste generated by the hard coal mining and processing industries pose significant environmental hazard through, among other things, impacting water and soil. The process that is particularly dangerous is trace element accumulation. Excessive quantities of heavy metals pose grave threat to plants, humans and soil organisms. The purpose of the studies was to determine the content of heavy metals, such as Pb, Cd, Ni, Zn and Cu in the material collected at various distances from the peak of the mining waste heap in Czerwionka-Leszczyny and estimate their impact on quantities and diversity of soil organisms in those sites. Studies have shown a high degree of correlation between the distance from the top of the heap and the density and diversity of pedofauna. The highest abundance and diversity of soil invertebrates was observed at site 5 (1km from the post-mining heap). The content of heavy metals in the tested soils ranged for Cd from 1.18 to 1.54 mg/kg of dry mass (DM), for Cu 20.82–66.20 mg/kg DM, for Zn from 97.79 to 222 mg/kg DM, for Pb 27.20–50.18 mg/kg DM and for Ni from 5.55 mg/kg DM to 56.23 mg/kg DM. The contents of the analysed metals did not exceed their permitted levels in soil and earth as defined by the Regulation of the Minister of Environment of 2016 in the matter of the procedure for conducting the assessment of soil surface contamination. The obtained results indicate that the content of copper and nickel in the dried grass was significantly higher than in the soil.
Synthesis of Green Zno/Fe3O4 Nanocomposite by Microplasma Jet and Anti-Bacterial Agent
Authors: Mazhir Sabah N. , Majeed Neean F. , Abbas Ehsan M. , Abdalameer Nisreen kh. , Qasim Shaymaa A.
Published: January 2024

There has been an increase in demand for nanocomposite, which has resulted in large-scale manufacturers employing high-energy processes and harmful solvents. Because of this, the need for environmentally benign "green" synthesis processes has grown. Other methods for making nanocomposite include using plants and plant products, bacteria, fungi, yeast, and algae. Green synthesis has minimal toxicity and is safe for human health and the environment compared to other processes, making it the ideal option for creating nanocomposite materials. This work reveals an environmentally friendly synthesis method for magnetic nanocomposites. In particular, they were using an aqueous extract of Artemisia to obtain ZnO/Fe3O4 using cold plasma technology. The magnetic nanocomposite was prepared with different concentrations (0.01, 0.02, and 0.03) of M and (2:8) of the aqueous extract. The structural properties were studied using X-ray diffraction, where the crystal size ranged from 30 to 40 nm, while the surface morphology was studied through the field emission scanning electron microscope, and it was found that the shape of the particles is semi-spherical and within a particle size range of 30 to 60 nm. "Green" magnetic nanocomposites showed low toxicity and high biocompatibility, allowing their application in biomedicine, where magnetic nanocomposites were employed as anti-agents for E. coli and S. aureus using the agar diffusion method. Its high effect on bacterial inhibition was noted when the concentration was increased, as the diameter of inhibition ranged (11-22) mm for E. coli and (15-24) mm for Staphylococcus aureus.
Biological Activities of Silver Nanoparticles and Synergism Effects with Lincomycin Conjugation
Authors: Abduljabar Amna M. , Hussein Nehia N.
Published: January 2024

Antimicrobial resistance is considered a problem for public health globally. New forms of resistance mechanisms are developing and spreading daily around the world. For that reason, a potential method for overcoming the antimicrobial resistance of several pathogens that cause deadly infections is the use of silver nanoparticles. In the present study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and AgNPs conjugated with lincomycin were synthesized and characterized. The antimicrobial activity of AgNPs alone and after conjugating with lincomycin was also evaluated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to determine the morphological properties of AgNPs and AgNPs-lincomycin, which showed the average mean size was ±26.73 nm for AgNPs and ±28.31 nm for AgNPs-lincomycin with a spherical shape. In addition, the dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential were assessed. The results showed an improvement in the antimicrobial activity of lincomycin after conjugation with AgNPs, as the inhibition zone diameter reached 45.66±1.52 mm for Staphylococcus warneri, 17±2 mm for Serratia marcescens, and 22.33±1.52 mm for Candida guilliermondii. It also showed a synergistic effect of AgNPs-lincomycin against the biofilm formation of Candida guilliermondii, whereas Serratia marcescens was slightly affected. The MIC of AgNPs was 25 μg/ml for Staphylococcus warneri and Candida guilliermondii, whereas 100 μg/ml for Serratia marcescens, when the MIC of AgNPs-lincomycin was 12.5 μg/ml for Staphylococcus warneri and Candida guilliermondii, and 100 μg/ml for Serratia marcescens. In the experiment of the effect of AgNPs on gene expression of the antibiotic resistance genes, including the blaZ gene in Staphylococcus warneri, the aac(6´)-Ib-cr gene in Serratia marcescens, and the CDR1 gene in Candida guilliermondii, the results showed that there was a decrease in gene expression after being treated with AgNPs in each gene.
Investigation of Shielding for Fast Neutrons Using Polymer Composites with Pb Reinforcement
Authors: Hmood Fadhel Mahmood , Hussain Hayder S.
Published: January 2024

Manufacturing high-efficiency polymeric materials to moderate fast neutrons by converting them into slow or thermal neutrons. These materials absorb thermal neutrons as well as gamma rays associated with neutrons. Materials of small mass number are used to slow down fast neutrons because neutrons have a high cross-section when they interact with these materials. Materials of high mass number absorb gamma rays. Polyurethane and epoxy were mixed in various ratios to create a blend to serve as neutrons shield, lead (Pb) was then added to the blend at weight percentages of 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 70% to produce a polymer composite.
    Polymeric materials reinforced with lead in various ratios were tested to select the best composite. The Polymeric samples were placed between the neutron source and the detector, and changing their thickness from 1 cm to 10 cm in increments of 1 cm. The neutron count rate for five readings was recorded, and the average was taken. As a result, the relationship between count rate and sample thickness was plotted, the half-value thickness of the shield was determined, the relationship between the logarithm ( ) and the thickness was drawn, the removal cross-section ( ) was determined, as well as, the mean free path of the fast neutron, and these were compared for each sample. This work concluded that the sample containing 20% lead with a thickness of 10 cm and a diameter of 4 cm was the best shielding for absorbing fast neutrons.
    The removal cross-section (∑R) was analyzed, and the value of half-thickness of the shield, as well as the mean free path of the fast neutron, were determined and compared for each sample.
During the research, it was revealed that a sample containing 20% lead was the best shielding for absorbing fast neutrons.
Application of 2D Electrical Resistivity Method and Ground Penetration Rader for Detection of the Archaeological Remains in Kish Site, Babylon, Iraq
Authors: Al-Rawi Zubayda A. , Al-Banna Ahmed Sh.
Published: January 2024

The 2D electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) is a non-destructive method with good efficiency to detect shallow subsurface features. The archeological subsurface features were investigated with this method in most cases with the assistance of other methods such as GPR method. Eleven 2D ERI profiles were carried out to investigate the subsurface archeological features in the Kish site in the Babylon area. The 2D electrical resistivity survey was achieved with ABEM Terrameter-LS2 Device and 30 electrodes with 1-meter spacing between the adjacent electrodes along each profile. The length of the profile is 29 meters and the spacing between the adjacent profiles is 3 meters. The software RES2DINV was used to obtain the final inverted models. The resistivity value of the study site is low, not exceeding 10 ohm.m. The variation in the resistivity anomalies values indicates many possible buried walls on the site. The clearest anomaly, which shows relatively high resistivity at the distance range of 8-11 m, appeared in all profiles nearly at the same position and extended in depth from 0.25-4 meters. This anomaly is interpreted as an ancient wall. Profiles 1, 5, and 10 to check the resistivity result. The GPR survey result generally confirms the resistivity result. The 2D ERI and GPR methods successfully detect the buried wall in the study site.
Geochemical Assessment of Some Trace Elements in Selected Locations at Thi-Qar Governorate Soil, Southeast Iraq
Authors: Al-saad Harith , Khwedim Kareem , Al-khalf Noor A.
Published: January 2024

Trace elements (Co, Cr, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Th, U, and V) in surface soil of Al-Aslah (NH1), Nasiriyah refinery (NH2), Gharraf (NH3), and Tall Al-Laham (NH4) at Thi-Qar governorate, southeast Iraq, were studied. The study aims to detect their distribution and pollution levels to reduce the subtracted from industrial sources and avoid using contaminated areas for agricultural purposes before the soil treatment process. Inductivity Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique was used to determine the concentrations of these elements, and the results showed that there is a high concentration of Cr, Ni, Mo, and Mn in the soil of the study area, which exceeded the international levels compared with other elements (Co, Th, U, and V). The Geo accumulation index (I geo) values showed that the soil area was classified as low contamination in all sites and for all trace elements except for Mo, which is polluted in Al-Gharraf and strongly polluted in Tall Al-Laham. The values of the enrichment factor (EF) were indicated to be minimal enrichment of (Mn and V) in all sites and moderate enrichment of (Co) in all sites except in the Gharraf soil sample, which is considered as minimal enrichment. At the same time, it suffers from significant enrichment of (Cr) in all sites. The values of contamination factor (CF) showed extreme contamination of Cr and Ni in all sites due to the oil industry (Nasiriyah refinery), except for Ni in the Gharraf soil sample, which is considered as high contamination and moderately contamination with Co in all sites, and low contamination with Mn and V. The main cause of the increasing trace element concentrations in the study area that the samples located in industrial sites where trace elements are one of the waste products from fuel combustion from the oil fields and the waste of the brick factories near the study area, also the nature of the study area soil which is clay soil that absorb the trace elements on its surfaces.
Design of Optimal Control for the In-host Tuberculosis Fractional Model
Authors: Khalaf Sanaa L. , Kadhim Mohammed S.
Published: January 2024

In this article, we investigate a mathematical fractional model of tuberculosis that takes into account vaccination as a possible way to treat the disease. We use an in-host tuberculosis fractional model that shows how Macrophages and Mycobacterium tuberculosis interact to knowledge of how vaccination treatments affect macrophages that have not been infected. The existence of optimal control is proven. The Hamiltonian function and the maximum principle of the Pontryagin are used to describe the optimal control. In addition, we use the theory of optimal control to develop an algorithm that leads to choosing the best vaccination plan. The best numerical solutions have been discovered using the forward and backward fractional Euler method.
Computational Analysis of Metallic- Nonmetallic Nanoparticle on Jeffery Hamel Nanofluid Flow Problem
Authors: Abdulridah Saja Issam , Jasim Abeer Majeed
Published: January 2024

In this article, we investigate the heat transfer on nanoparticles Jeffrey Hamel flow problem between two rigid plane walls. Water is used as a main fluid using four different types of nanoparticles, namely aluminum, cuprous, titanium, and silver. The results of nonlinear transformational equations with boundary conditions are solved analytically and numerically. The perturbation iteration scheme (PIS) is used for the analytic solution, while for determining the numerical results, the Rang-Kutta of the four-order scheme (RK4S) is used. The effects on the behavior of non-dimensional velocity and temperature distributions are presented in the form of tables and graphs for different values ​​of emerging physical parameters (Reynolds number, Prandtl number, Eckert number and open angles).The solid component of nanoparticles has an influence on the heat transfer and flow characteristics that is more visible when compared to other types of particles. The temperature distribution increases with the increase of the Reynolds number, Bruntel number, Eckert number, but the velocity distribution decreases with the increase of the Reynolds number. Finally, the obtained findings demonstrate PIS efficacy, accuracy, and convenience in solving the problem of nanofluid flow.
Numerical Approximations of a One-Dimensional Time-Fractional Semilinear Parabolic Equation
Authors: Rasheed Maan A. , Saeed Maani A.
Published: January 2024

The time fractional order differential equations are fundamental tools that are used for modeling neuronal dynamics. These equations are obtained by substituting the time derivative of order  where , in the standard equation with the Caputo fractional formula. In this paper, two implicit difference schemes: the linearly Euler implicit and the Crank-Nicolson (CN) finite difference schemes, are employed in solving a one-dimensional time-fractional semilinear equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions. Moreover, the consistency, stability and convergence of the proposed schemes are investigated. We prove that the IEM is unconditionally stable, while CNM is conditionally stable. Furthermore, a comparative study between these two schemes will be conducted via numerical experiments. The efficiency of the proposed schemes in terms of absolute errors, order of accuracy and computing time will be reported and discussed.
Development of the Cost and Time Estimation Factors of the Project Dimension in the Agile Software
Authors: Govil Nikhil , Sharma Ashish
Published: January 2024

Agile methodologies are adopted extensively by many of the software industries as it is flexible in nature as well as can address the required changes in any phase of development. Authentic estimation of the software products is not an easy task as it requires continuous attention of the product owner. Effort and cost can be estimated in a proper manner to ensure the success of the project. In this article, we considered the Scrum-based Agile projects that are developed into several Sprints. We proposed an extension to an existing algorithm, based on a total of 36 success factors; that estimate the development cost and effort required to complete the project. For estimation and computations, we have taken a dataset of 12 projects that are validated through experienced professionals. We also compared our results with the existing approach and it is found that our results are cost-effective even after considering more success factors.
A Review for Arabic Sentiment Analysis Using Deep Learning
Authors: Hussien Anwar Abdul-Razzaq ` , Abdullah Nada A. Z.
Published: January 2024

Sentiment Analysis is a research field that studies human opinion, sentiment, evaluation, and emotions towards entities such as products, services, organizations, events, topics, and their attributes. It is also a task of natural language processing. However, sentiment analysis research has mainly been carried out for the English language. Although the Arabic language is one of the most used languages on the Internet, only a few studies have focused on Arabic language sentiment analysis.
     In this paper, a review of the most important research works in the field of Arabic text sentiment analysis using deep learning algorithms is presented. This review illustrates the main steps used in these studies, which include pre-processing, feature extraction and classification, as well as the datasets used. In the end, all the research works are compared in terms of their methodology and results. The findings demonstrated that the majority of deep learning models, including CNN and LSTM, outperformed many of the machine learning models analyzed, and that the size of the training datasets had a direct correlation with the model's performance. Where larger datasets resulted in more successful model training.
Differential Diagnosis of Entamoeba spp. Using the 18SrRNA Gene in Gastroenteritis Patients
Authors: Farhan Sabaa Muhsen , Abdulrazzaq Sumaya Ayad , Mohammed Akram Jassam
Published: January 2024

In order to accurately diagnose Entamoeba spp., this study's major goal was to develop a proof-of-concept method for simultaneously detecting pathogenic and non-pathogenic amoebae using DNA. During amoebiasis, two diagnostic techniques (microscopic inspection and PCR techniques with particular primers) were evaluated. About 100 feces samples from Fallujah individuals who had clinical symptoms were taken. The outcome reveals that only 20 samples have Entamoeba spp. infections. According to this study, the two species had distinct infection percentages. Entamoeba histolytica was the most prevalent infection, at 85%, followed by Entamoeba dispar, which was 15% of all the Entamoeba-positive samples. In addition to studying the morphology and genes of the positive samples, the residential environment, age, and gender were also taken into consideration. It showed the infective patients in the rural area had a higher rate of infection, which was 18%, while the infection in the urban area was less, which was represented by 2%. As for the effect of the age factor, the highest percentage was from children who did not exceed ten years old, which was 10%. The lowest percentage was 2% for people over the age of sixteen (16). According to the gender factor, a different percentage appeared in males than females. The result showed a high infection rate for males, which was estimated at about 16%, but for females it was much less, at only 4%.
Evaluate the Levels of Serum Eotaxin-1, Myelin Basic Protein, and Some Immunological and Biochemical Markers in Iraqi Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Sahib Sarah A. H. , Sulaiman Ghassan M. , Waheed Huda J. , Albukhaty Salim
Published: January 2024

The central nervous system (CNS) disease known as multiple sclerosis (MS) is essentially an inflammatory demyelinating condition with a variety of clinical manifestations and variable histological findings. A number of immunological and biochemical markers may alter MS, which is also characterized as an autoimmune illness. MS patients (n = 100) were divided into two groups: newly diagnosed (n = 42) and patients with ongoing treatments (n = 58). These groups were compared to healthy subjects (n = 55); the mean age ±SD was (30±8.46 years), (37±8.06 years), and (31±8.73 years) for MS newly diagnosed patients, patients with ongoing treatments, and healthy subjects, respectively. Studies for serum levels of eotaxin-1, myelin basic protein (MBP), IL-23, 27, 9, and 37 were measured by the ELISA technique. Eotaxin-1, MBP, IL-23, 27, and alkaline phosphate were significantly higher in all MS patient groups, but for IL-37, there was no significant difference between newly diagnosed patients when compared with patients with ongoing treatment. Weak positive correlations were found between IL-9 and myelin (r = 0.282, p≤0.05) and a weak positive correlation between IL-23 and ALP (r = 0.209, p≤0.05) in MS patients. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was applied for the parameters eotaxin-1, MBP, IL-23, 27, and alkaline phosphate, which showed a high sensitivity according to the area under the curve. The present results conclude that eotaxin-1, MBP, IL-23, 27, and alkaline phosphate can be used as diagnostic markers for multiple sclerosis.
Boundary Exponential Gradient Reduced Order Detectability in Neumann Conditions
Authors: Al-Bayati Mrooj A. , Al-Shaya Ahlam Y. , Al-Saphory Raheam A.
Published: January 2024

This work, aims to study and examine the description f the gradient reduced order-strategic sensors of type boundary exponential (-strategic sensors) for completion gradient  order-detectability of type boundary exponential (-detectability). Thus, this concept is linked to an estimator in distributed parameter systems (DPSS) in Neumann problem. So,we present numerous consequences regarding to diverse kinds of information, region  and conditions of boundary region to allow existence of -detectable systems. In addition,we have estimated at the junction interface that the interior solution isharmonizedwith the exterior solution for -detectable and, we give the relationship between this concept and sensors structures. Finally,we demonstrate some applications with many circumstances f sensor positions.
Novel Results of K Quasi (ℷ-M)-hyponormal Operator
Authors: Salim Dawood Mohsen
Published: January 2024

This research aims to present some  results for  conceptions of  quasi -hyponormal operator defined on Hilbert space . Signified by the -operator, together with some significant characteristics of this operator and various theorems pertaining to this operator are discussed, as well as, we discussed the null space and range of these  kinds of operators.
NS2 – Based Experimental Analysis of Throughput for TCP and UDP Traffic During Link Failure of The Network
Authors: Gupta Anshul , Mamgain Kanishk , Singh Maninder , Chhabra Amit
Published: January 2024

Link failure refers to the failure between two connections/nodes in a perfectly working simulation scenario at a particular instance. Transport layer routing protocols form an important basis of setting up a simulation, with Transmission Control Protocol and User Datagram Protocol being the primary of them. The research makes use of Network Simulator v2.35 to conduct different simulation experiments for link failure and provide validation results. In this paper, both protocols, TCP and UDP are compared based on the throughput of packets delivered from one node to the other constrained to the condition that for a certain interval of time the link fails and the simulation time remains the same for either of the protocols. Overall, this analysis is based on determining the performance of both protocols with a fixed packet size and bandwidth. This analysis, performed with the help of NS2 and XGraph, shows that the transport layer protocol, UDP acts better than TCP in terms of throughput. This opens the questions to other fellow researchers of how different metrics act in both the cases when a link failure occurs. In UDP, the throughput drops less as compared to the TCP at the time of the link failure regardless of if simulation was executed for different time periods i.e., 70,100,300,900 and 1000 seconds. The link failure interval is also varied from 10,15,20,40,350 and 440 seconds to generalize and validate the performance of the network during the interval.
Cross-institutional provision of medical care to social emergency casualties
Authors: Avitisov P. V. , Zolotukhin A. V. , Dzutsev A. H.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Current advances in war-waging strategies have imposed new demands on public medical care and civil defense forces amid social emergency settings. Elimination of medical and sanitary consequences of emergencies compels to explore new horizons in order to develop advanced approaches and strategies of medical care provided to victims at all stages of medical evacuation among affected population, emergency rescue personnel of various departmental affiliations, including military personnel of military rescue formations.

The objective is to share the experience of cross-departmental medical forces providing medical care to victims amid disrupted and non-functional healthcare services due to biological and social emergency of regional scale.

Results and analysis. The paper describes experience of medical aid efforts in the newly incorporated regions of Russia, suggesting a cross-institutional strategy of dedicated medical care provision to the population and military rescue personnel amid social emergency settings.

Conclusion. Deployment of cross-institutional medical forces allows to reinforce the capacities of regular medical organizations in emergency areas, whereas advanced diagnostic, treatment and medical evacuation technologies allow to stabilize the condition of victims to carry out evacuation “as intended” within most optimal timeframes.
Selecting and justifying prognostic criteria to assessing the severity of condition during traumatic illness in combined chest and abdominal trauma after acute traffic accidents
Authors: Miroshnichenko A. G. , Teplov V. M. , Rakhmanov R. M. , Bolshakova M. A.
Published: January 2024

Relevance. Improving prognostic criteria to assess the severity of combined chest and abdominal trauma is urgently needed to justify the scope of intensive care in victims of road accidents during acute traumatic illness.

Objective. The objective of the study is to improve the results of treatment during acute traumatic illness in combined chest and abdominal trauma after road accidents, as well as to enhance efficiency of prognostic criteria for severity assessment.

Methods. A single-center retrospective and prospective controlled clinical study was conducted in 1400 victims who were treated at the N.S. Karpovich Krasnoyarsk Interdistrict Clinical Hospital of Emergency Care Medicine from 2012 to 2022 and were diagnosed with isolated or combined chest and abdominal trauma. To assess the severity of injury and perform triage, the specific method of severity assessment in combined trauma after road traffic accidents was used, which was developed by the research team of the Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University.

Results and discussion. A detailed analysis of the indicators applied to patients of different severity showed that mild and moderate chest and abdomen injuries led to changes in hemodynamic parameters within the physiological norm. The injury in question did not cause consciousness or respiratory disorders in victims of road traffic accidents. Severe injuries led to the development of shock and respiratory failure, in combination with depression of consciousness. In order to compare across different condition severity degrees evaluated by physiological indicators, respective medians and dispersion measures were analyzed for each group. The analysis allowed to assess exacerbated severity of condition in our patients. This procedure requires further adjustment to pre-hospital emergency medical care.

Conclusion. The performed statistical analysis allowed to assess the efficiency of severity assessment in victims of road accidents in prehospital setting.
Eliminating medical and sanitary consequences of dangerous meteorology events that occurred in the Republic of Crimea on November 26–27, 2023
Authors: Lyulko O. M. , Zolotareva V. I.
Published: January 2024

Relevance. Responses to natural emergencies of long-term action entail stringent requirements to emergency rescue operational management.

The objective is to disseminate the joint experience of emergency response and disaster medicine units of the Regional Disaster Medicine Center of the Republic of Crimea, obtained operations to eliminate medical and sanitary consequences of natural disaster (dangerous meteorology events – squally wind, heavy icy precipitation, strong sea waves in coastal areas, destruction of buildings and structures) throughout the Republic of Crimea.

Methods. The authors analyzed emergency operations of dedicated medical units at the Disaster Medicine Service of the Regional Center for Disaster Medicine of the Republic of Crimea in the natural emergency setting on November 26–27, 2023, when abnormal atmospheric front carrying heavy icy precipitation, squally winds up to 38 m/s, and strong sea waves in coastal areas swept over the Republic of Crimea.

Results and discussion. When at night on November 26–27, 2023 the epicenter of a super-powerful cyclone hit the Republic of Crimea, emergency response and disaster medicine units of the Regional Disaster Medicine Center undertook unprecedented response measures both to maintain smooth operation of emergency medical units and provide specialized emergency response and medical care where required. Although power supply was cut off at almost half of power substations supplying energy to Simferopol ambulance stations and 16 % of locations, where emergency medical units were deployed, emergency medical care was provided promptly and in full scope.

Conclusion. On November 26–27, 2023 emergency response and specialized medical emergency units of the Disaster Medicine Service of the Regional Center for Disaster Medicine of the Republic of Crimea was able to provide appropriate and prompt dedicated emergency response and medical care to the population who suffered a super-powerful cyclone (heavy rain, icy precipitation, flooding, mudflow, storm wind, leading to damage to power lines, destruction of structures, buildings, uprooting of trees, flooding of the coastal strip) at the proper level.
Survey on the General Public’s Invention Attitude
Authors:   Gyeongin National University of Education, Kim Ji-Hye , Moon Seong-Hwan
Published: January 2024

This study was conducted to find the level of invention attitude of the general public in their 20s and older, who were not teachers or students, and discover the differences in attitudes according to the general background (gender, age, region, occupational group, and educational level) and educational background (experience of invention education). The results of the study are as follows. First, the participants’ invention attitude according to their general background was measured in the order of cognitive, emotional, interest, and practical attitudes—with the level of cognitive attitude toward invention being high and that of practical attitude being relatively low. Detailed analysis of these results showed no significant differences in the level of invention attitude among the general public by gender, and in the field of practical attitude, the level of invention attitude by age was high. There were no significant differences in invention attitudes between metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas; however, a significant difference was observed with regard to occupation. Further, experts and related workers (in the fields of research, medical care, education, artistic creative activities, etc.) showed a high level of invention attitude. There were significant differences in the invention attitudes of the general public according to their educational level, with the level of invention attitude being high for people with graduate degrees or higher. Second, in terms of participants’ educational background, a significant difference was observed in the level of invention attitude by educational background; the general public’ according to their experience of invention education was high. The study’s findings provide data that can be used as references when designing invention curriculums to expand the subject of invention education for the general public and developing teaching and learning materials.
YÖNETİM PARADİGMALARININ HİYERARŞİK DÜZLEMİNDE SİVİL TOPLUMUN ROLÜ
Authors: SERENLİ Abdullah
Published: January 2024

Yönetim yaklaşımlarında değişen parametreler doğrultusunda geliştirilen yeni paradigmalar; aktörlerin yönetime katılımını arttırarak süreçlere dahil edilmesini sağlamıştır. Eşzamanlı olarak siyasal yönetimde demokrasinin, katılımcılık ve çoğulculuk ilkeleri üzerinden yönetime katılımda demokrasinin gelişimini sağlayarak yeni anlayışlar getirmesi de süreci desteklemiştir. Neo-liberal politikalar çerçevesinde devlet, özel sektör ve sivil sektörlerce katılımcılık ilkesi 90’lı yıllar itibariyle daha çok görülmeye başlamıştır. Sivil toplum, bu aşamada kendini konumlandırmış ve/veya rolü tayin edilmiştir. Yeni Kamu Yönetimi teorisinin açılım sağladığı alan üzerinden sivil toplum sektörünün de yönetime katılımını daha belirleyici olarak vurgulayan yaklaşım Yönetişim olmuştur. Yönetişimin ortaya koyduğu hesap verebilirlik, şeffaflık, açıklık, katılımcılık vb. diğer ilkelerinin daha geniş bir demokratik yönetim anlayışına kapı aralayan yönü, çoğu zaman paydaşların katılımı eksenli bir alanda sınırlandırılmıştır. Bu durum, Weberyan hiyerarşik yönetim anlayışının yönetişim içerisinde zaman zaman kendini göstererek, yönetişimin uygulanabilirliğini ve sivil toplumun etkisini tartışmaya açmıştır. Bu çalışma, yeni yönetim paradigmalarındaki değişimler ve bu değişimleri etkileyen dışsal unsurlar ekseninde; sivil toplumun yönetimde gelişen rolünü, yönetişimde hiyerarşik denklem üzerinden kazanımlarının etkisini değerlendirmeye çalışacaktır.
Wielokierunkowe działanie oleju z wiesiołka na organizm
Authors: Duraj Kamila , Palacz-Wróbel Marta
Published: January 2024

Evening primrose oil has a multidirectional effect on the human body. A diet rich in proper proportions of omega-3 and omega-6 acids allows the proper functioning of the immune system. Numerous research results confirm the possibility of using evening primrose oil in inflammatory diseases. This oil has a comprehensive effect on the human body, among others on the condition of the skin, hair and nails, hormonal balance and regulates the level of lipids. Clinical symptoms of NNKT deficiency have been described, including in skin diseases such as acne, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and in atherosclerosis and diseases of the nervous system, inflammation of the musculoskeletal system. GLA helps in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, atopic dermatitis, allergies and psoriasis. In addition, it prevents hypertension and complications of ischemic heart disease, such as stroke. Other illnesses in which GLA may be helpful are: cancers and diseases of the eye organs in the form of dry eye or diabetes. The work has described in detail the linoleic acid, which has anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and potential lipid-lowering ability. GLA is a substrate for the synthesis of eicosanoids, which have anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative effects and influence on the correct lipidogram.
Aktywność biologiczna i profil fenolowy ekstraktu z łupiny orzecha włoskiego
Authors: Stanicka Karolina , Woźniak Magdalena , Sosnowska Katarzyna , Mrówczyńska Lucyna , Sip Anna , Waśkiewicz Agnieszka , Ratajczak Izabela
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Walnut products are widely used. Green fruits, shells, leaves and bark have a high phenolic content and are used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Seeds rich in unsaturated fatty acids are used in the food industry. Walnut wood is also valuable. Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the microbiological, antioxidant activity and concentration of phenolic acids of walnut shell extract. Material and methods. The methanol extract of walnut shells from trees growing in Greater Poland was used for the research. The antibacterial activity was determined by the point diffusion method against 7 strains of gram-positive bacteria and 6 strains of gram-negative bacteria. The method with the DPPH radical and the ability to chelate Fe2+ ions were used to determine the antioxidant activity. The content of phenolic compounds in the tested extract was also determined using the chromatographic method. Results. The tested walnut shell extract showed moderate antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and high antioxidant activity in the radical cation test and lower chelating activity in the ferrozine test. Moreover, in the tested walnut shell extract, a higher concentration of phenolic acids, mainly caffeic acid, was determined as compared to the concentration of flavonoids. Conclusions. The tested walnut shell extract showed antiradical activity; therefore, it can be an alternative to synthetic antioxidants. The fact that shells shells are a by-product of the food industry is an added advantage when used in other industries as well.
Autonomous Emergency Landing for Fixed-Wing Aircraft with Energy-Constrained Closed-Loop Prediction
Authors: Deal Samuel J. , Nichols Hayden L. , Mazumdar Anirban
Published: January 2024

This paper presents a new approach for autonomous motion planning for aircraft suffering from a loss-of-thrust emergency. Specifically, we show how modifications to the Closed-Loop Rapidly exploring Random Trees (CL-RRT) framework combined with controlled energy dissipation can enable rapid and effective kinodynamic motion planning. This CL-RRT Glide algorithm uses closed-loop prediction not only for node connections but also to estimate the remaining energy and prune infeasible paths. This greatly speeds up the search process, which is essential for emergency situations. In addition, we improve the ability of the gliding aircraft to reach a goal position and energy state. We do so by creating a Dissipative Total Energy Control Scheme (TECS). Dissipative TECS enables the glider to lose excess altitude in order to reach a desired energy level. Simulation results illustrate how the proposed methods enable faster motion planning. We also integrate the system into a small unmanned aerial vehicle system and experimentally demonstrate autonomous glide planning and execution during a motor-failure event. This type of algorithm can primarily benefit unmanned aircraft but can also serve to assist pilots in stressful emergency situations.
Hydropriming and plant-based protein hydrolysate biostimulants impact the primary and secondary metabolites of brassicaceous microgreens differentially
Authors: Ciriello Michele , Campana Emanuela , Kyriacou Marios C. , El-Nakhel Christophe , Graziani Giulia , Cardarelli Mariateresa , Colla Giuseppe , De Pascale Stefania , Rouphael Youssef
Published: January 2024

Interest in the sustainability of intensive agroecological systems has triggered a growing appeal to the world of biostimulants. However, the interaction of biostimulants with microgreens has not yet been investigated in detail. In our experiment, three different priming treatments (hydropriming, hereafter referred to as Water; commercial protein hydrolysate, PH1; and a new plant-derived protein hydrolysate from peanut, PH2) of the seeds of two Brassicaceae species (Mibuna and Komatsuna) grown as microgreens were compared in respect to their effects on primary and secondary metabolism. Regardless of the priming treatment, Mibuna had higher percent dry matter (7.1%) and dry weight (164.93 g m–2 dw) but lower total ascorbic acid (71.29 mg g–1 fw) and carotenoids (0.26 mg g–1 fw) compared to Komatsuna. Compared to the control, biostimulant priming treatments increased the dry weight and DPPH antioxidant activity measured by UV-vis spectrophotometry