bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Complex Relationship between Gut Microbiota and Risk of Colorectal Neoplasia Using Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Li Wanxin , Zhou Xuan , Yuan Shuai , Wang Lijuan , Yu Lili , Sun Jing , Chen Jie , Xiao Qian , Wan Zhongxiao , Zheng Ju-Sheng , Zhang Cai-Xia , Larsson Susanna C. , Farrington Susan M. , Law Philip , Houlston Richard S. , Tomlinson Ian , Ding Ke-Feng , Dunlop Malcolm G. , Theodoratou Evropi , Li Xue
Published: April 2023

Background:

Human gut microbiome has complex relationships with the host, contributing to metabolism, immunity, and carcinogenesis.

Methods:

Summary-level data for gut microbiota and metabolites were obtained from MiBioGen, FINRISK and human metabolome consortia. Summary-level data for colorectal cancer were derived from a genome-wide association study meta-analysis. In forward Mendelian randomization (MR), we employed genetic instrumental variables (IV) for 24 gut microbiota taxa and six bacterial metabolites to examine their causal relationship with colorectal cancer. We also used a lenient threshold for nine apriori gut microbiota taxa as secondary analyses. In reverse MR, we explored association between genetic liability to colorectal neoplasia and abundance of microbiota studied above using 95, 19, and 7 IVs for colorectal cancer, adenoma, and polyps, respectively.

Results:

Forward MR did not find evidence indicating causal relationship between any of the gut microbiota taxa or six bacterial metabolites tested and colorectal cancer risk. However, reverse MR supported genetic liability to colorectal adenomas was causally related with increased abundance of two taxa: Gammaproteobacteria (β = 0.027, which represents a 0.027 increase in log-transformed relative abundance values of Gammaproteobacteria for per one-unit increase in log OR of adenoma risk; P = 7.06×10−8), Enterobacteriaceae (β = 0.023, P = 1.29×10−5).

Conclusions:

We find genetic liability to colorectal neoplasia may be associated with abundance of certain microbiota taxa. It is more likely that subset of colorectal cancer genetic liability variants changes gut biology by influencing both gut microbiota and colorectal cancer risk.

Impact:

This study highlights the need of future complementary studies to explore causal mechanisms linking both host genetic variation with gut microbiome and colorectal cancer susceptibility.
Supplementary Figure S3 from KIT and PDGFRA Mutations and Survival of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Patients Treated with Adjuvant Imatinib in a Randomized Trial
Authors: Joensuu Heikki , Wardelmann Eva , Eriksson Mikael , Reichardt Annette , Hall Kirsten Sundby , Schütte Jochen , Cameron Silke , Hohenberger Peter , Sihto Harri , Jost Philipp J. , Lindner Lars H. , Bauer Sebastian , Nilsson Bengt , Kallio Raija , Pesonen Tommi , Reichardt Peter
Published: April 2023

Kaplan-Meier estimates of recurrence-free survival (A, C, E) and overall survival (B, D, F) of patients with KIT exon 11 insertion or duplication mutation (A, B), patients with PDGFRA exon 18 D842V mutation (C, D), and patients with no detected KIT or PDGFRA mutation (E, F). The 5-year and 10-year survival rates are shown. Censored patients are indicated with a bar.
Supplementary Figure S4 from A Tumor-suppressive Molecular Axis EP300/circRERE/miR-6837-3p/MAVS Activates Type I IFN Pathway and Antitumor Immunity to Suppress Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Ding Nan , You A-Bin , Yang Hu , Hu Guo-Sheng , Lai Chun-Ping , Liu Wen , Ye Feng
Published: April 2023

Figure S4: miR-6837-3p promotes CRC cell growth.
Supplementary Figure S2 from A Tumor-suppressive Molecular Axis EP300/circRERE/miR-6837-3p/MAVS Activates Type I IFN Pathway and Antitumor Immunity to Suppress Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Ding Nan , You A-Bin , Yang Hu , Hu Guo-Sheng , Lai Chun-Ping , Liu Wen , Ye Feng
Published: April 2023

Figure S2: Characteristics of circRERE in CRC cells.
Supplementary Table 9 from Disruption of the MYC Superenhancer Complex by Dual Targeting of FLT3 and LSD1 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Yashar William M. , Curtiss Brittany M. , Coleman Daniel J. , VanCampen Jake , Kong Garth , Macaraeg Jommel , Estabrook Joseph , Demir Emek , Long Nicola , Bottomly Daniel , McWeeney Shannon K. , Tyner Jeffrey W. , Druker Brian J. , Maxson Julia E. , Braun Theodore P.
Published: April 2023

Differential Phosphoprotein Network Enrichment in MOLM13 Cells (24 Hours After Drug Treatment)
Supplementary Table 7 from Disruption of the MYC Superenhancer Complex by Dual Targeting of FLT3 and LSD1 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Yashar William M. , Curtiss Brittany M. , Coleman Daniel J. , VanCampen Jake , Kong Garth , Macaraeg Jommel , Estabrook Joseph , Demir Emek , Long Nicola , Bottomly Daniel , McWeeney Shannon K. , Tyner Jeffrey W. , Druker Brian J. , Maxson Julia E. , Braun Theodore P.
Published: April 2023

GO Analysis from Regions of Differential MOLM13 H3K27Ac CUT&Tag (6 Hours After Drug Treatment) Pileup at Enhancers and Promoters
Supplementary Table 4 from Disruption of the MYC Superenhancer Complex by Dual Targeting of FLT3 and LSD1 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Yashar William M. , Curtiss Brittany M. , Coleman Daniel J. , VanCampen Jake , Kong Garth , Macaraeg Jommel , Estabrook Joseph , Demir Emek , Long Nicola , Bottomly Daniel , McWeeney Shannon K. , Tyner Jeffrey W. , Druker Brian J. , Maxson Julia E. , Braun Theodore P.
Published: April 2023

Transcription Factor Enrichment Analysis of Differentially Downregulated Genes by The Drug Combination Previously Identified as Depleting Genes in a Genome-Wide CRISPR Dropout Screen
Supplementary Table 3 from Disruption of the MYC Superenhancer Complex by Dual Targeting of FLT3 and LSD1 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Yashar William M. , Curtiss Brittany M. , Coleman Daniel J. , VanCampen Jake , Kong Garth , Macaraeg Jommel , Estabrook Joseph , Demir Emek , Long Nicola , Bottomly Daniel , McWeeney Shannon K. , Tyner Jeffrey W. , Druker Brian J. , Maxson Julia E. , Braun Theodore P.
Published: April 2023

Transcription Factor Enrichment Analysis of Differentially Downregulated Genes by The Drug Combination Previously Identified as Depleting Genes in a Genome-Wide CRISPR Dropout Screen
Supplementary Table 16 from Disruption of the MYC Superenhancer Complex by Dual Targeting of FLT3 and LSD1 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Yashar William M. , Curtiss Brittany M. , Coleman Daniel J. , VanCampen Jake , Kong Garth , Macaraeg Jommel , Estabrook Joseph , Demir Emek , Long Nicola , Bottomly Daniel , McWeeney Shannon K. , Tyner Jeffrey W. , Druker Brian J. , Maxson Julia E. , Braun Theodore P.
Published: April 2023

Transcription Factor Enrichment Analysis of Primary AML Bulk RNA-Seq (24 Hours After Drug Treatment)
Supplementary Table 15 from Disruption of the MYC Superenhancer Complex by Dual Targeting of FLT3 and LSD1 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Yashar William M. , Curtiss Brittany M. , Coleman Daniel J. , VanCampen Jake , Kong Garth , Macaraeg Jommel , Estabrook Joseph , Demir Emek , Long Nicola , Bottomly Daniel , McWeeney Shannon K. , Tyner Jeffrey W. , Druker Brian J. , Maxson Julia E. , Braun Theodore P.
Published: April 2023

Log2 Normalized Counts of Differentially Expressed Genes from Primary AML Blast Bulk RNA-seq (24 Hours After Drug Treatment)
Supplementary Fig. 6 from Disruption of the MYC Superenhancer Complex by Dual Targeting of FLT3 and LSD1 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Yashar William M. , Curtiss Brittany M. , Coleman Daniel J. , VanCampen Jake , Kong Garth , Macaraeg Jommel , Estabrook Joseph , Demir Emek , Long Nicola , Bottomly Daniel , McWeeney Shannon K. , Tyner Jeffrey W. , Druker Brian J. , Maxson Julia E. , Braun Theodore P.
Published: April 2023

Stat5 over-expression diminishes the efficacy of combined FLT3/LSD1 inhibition.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Non-Essential Amino Acid Availability Influences Proteostasis and Breast Cancer Cell Survival During Proteotoxic Stress
Authors: Sannino Sara , Manuel Allison M. , Shang Chaowei , Wendell Stacy G. , Wipf Peter , Brodsky Jeffrey L.
Published: April 2023

S1. Amino acid modulation orchestrates apoptosis when proteostasis is compromised.
Data from EIF4A3 acts on the PI3K-AKT-ERK1/2-P70S6K pathway through FLOT1 to influence the development of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yu Wenhao , Liang Jinghui , Fang Tao , Jiang Jin , Zhao Renchang , Li Rongyang , Han Jingyi , Tian Hui
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a major lung cancer subtype. In this study, we discovered that the eukaryotic translation initiation factor EIF4A3 expression was significantly higher in LUAD tissues, and that this higher expression was closely linked to a poor prognosis for LUAD. In addition, we demonstrated that the knockdown of EIF4A3 significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of LUAD cells in vitro and in vivo. The findings of mass spectrometry analysis revealed that EIF4A3 could interact with Flotillin-1 in lung adenocarcinoma cells and that EIF4A3 could positively regulate the expression of FLOT1 at the protein level. Meanwhile, transcriptome sequencing showed that EIF4A3 could influence the development of lung adenocarcinoma by affecting PI3K-AKT-ERK1/2-P70S6K and PI3K class III-mediated autophagy in the Apelin pathway. In addition, we confirmed that Flotillin-1 expression was upregulated in LUAD based on the existing literature, and knockdown of FLOT1 could inhibit the proliferation and migration of LUAD cells. And the knockdown of Flotillin-1 reversed the increase of cell proliferation and migration caused by EIF4A3 overexpression. Furthermore, we found that the activation of PI3K-AKT-ERK1/2-P70S6K signaling pathway and PI3K class III-mediated autophagy caused by EIF4A3 overexpression was rescued by the knockdown of FLOT1. In a word, we proved that EIF4A3 positively regulates the expression of FLOT1 and plays a pro-cancer role in LUAD.
Implications: Our study revealed the role of EIF4A3 in prognosis and tumor progression in LUAD, indicating that EIF4A3 could be employed as the molecular diagnostic and prognostic therapeutic target.
EIF4A3 Acts on the PI3K–AKT–ERK1/2–P70S6K Pathway through FLOT1 to Influence the Development of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yu Wenhao , Liang Jinghui , Fang Tao , Jiang Jin , Zhao Renchang , Li Rongyang , Han Jingyi , Tian Hui
Published: April 2023

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a major lung cancer subtype. In this study, we discovered that the eukaryotic translation initiation factor EIF4A3 expression was significantly higher in LUAD tissues and that this higher expression was closely linked to a poor prognosis for LUAD. In addition, we demonstrated that the knockdown of EIF4A3 significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of LUAD cells in vitro and in vivo. The findings of mass spectrometry analysis revealed that EIF4A3 could interact with Flotillin-1 in LUAD cells and that EIF4A3 could positively regulate the expression of FLOT1 at the protein level. Meanwhile, transcriptome sequencing showed that EIF4A3 could influence the development of LUAD by affecting PI3K–AKT–ERK1/2–P70S6K and PI3K class III–mediated autophagy in the Apelin pathway. In addition, we confirmed that Flotillin-1 expression was upregulated in LUAD based on the existing literature, and knockdown of FLOT1 could inhibit the proliferation and migration of LUAD cells. In addition, the knockdown of Flotillin-1 reversed the increase of cell proliferation and migration caused by EIF4A3 overexpression. Furthermore, we found that the activation of PI3K–AKT–ERK1/2–P70S6K signaling pathway and PI3K class III–mediated autophagy caused by EIF4A3 overexpression was rescued by the knockdown of FLOT1. In a word, we proved that EIF4A3 positively regulates the expression of FLOT1 and plays a procancer role in LUAD.

Implications:

Our study revealed the role of EIF4A3 in prognosis and tumor progression in LUAD, indicating that EIF4A3 could be used as the molecular diagnostic and prognostic therapeutic target.
Supplementary Figure S8 from Adaptive c-Met-PLXDC2 Signaling Axis Mediates Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity to Confer Radioresistance-associated Aggressiveness in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Lang Liwei , Chen Fanghui , Li Yamin , Shay Chloe , Yang Fan , Dan Hancai , Chen Zhuo G. , Saba Nabil F. , Teng Yong
Published: April 2023

The correlation between the expression of ELK1 and PLXDC2 genes illustrated in scatter plot from the TCGA HPV(+) HNSCC cohort (n=98).
Supplementary Figure S7 from Adaptive c-Met-PLXDC2 Signaling Axis Mediates Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity to Confer Radioresistance-associated Aggressiveness in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Lang Liwei , Chen Fanghui , Li Yamin , Shay Chloe , Yang Fan , Dan Hancai , Chen Zhuo G. , Saba Nabil F. , Teng Yong
Published: April 2023

The putative ELK1 binding sites (the sequences are in red with indicated location) on the PLXDC2 promoter region upstream of the start codon for the full-length protein.
Supplementary Figure S6 from Adaptive c-Met-PLXDC2 Signaling Axis Mediates Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity to Confer Radioresistance-associated Aggressiveness in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Lang Liwei , Chen Fanghui , Li Yamin , Shay Chloe , Yang Fan , Dan Hancai , Chen Zhuo G. , Saba Nabil F. , Teng Yong
Published: April 2023

Effect of PLXDC2 knockdown on colony formation of radioresistant CAL27 and HN6 cells determined on Day 12 following 4 Gy IR exposure
Supplementary Figure S1 from Adaptive c-Met-PLXDC2 Signaling Axis Mediates Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity to Confer Radioresistance-associated Aggressiveness in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Lang Liwei , Chen Fanghui , Li Yamin , Shay Chloe , Yang Fan , Dan Hancai , Chen Zhuo G. , Saba Nabil F. , Teng Yong
Published: April 2023

Effect of IR on viability of radioresistant and parental CAL27 and HN6 cells determined by alamarBlue assays on Day 5 after IR.
Rectal Adenocarcinoma Presenting as a Perirectal Abscess
Authors: Saha Bibek , Dang Jared , Kahili-Heede Melissa , Grobe James
Published: April 2023

Classic symptoms of rectal cancer (RC) such as hematochezia, tenesmus, rectal pain, and bowel habit changes are well known but can be nonspecific and misdiagnosed. Rare presentations, in combination with these conventional symptoms, can occur warranting a higher degree of clinical suspicion. Here, we report a case of rectal adenocarcinoma presenting as a perirectal abscess. A 52-year-old male with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus presented with a 2-year and 2-month history of rectal bleeding and changes in bowel habits, respectively, which were attributed to other conditions. He initially presented with left buttock pain and severe sepsis. Subsequent workup for suspected Fournier’s gangrene and perirectal abscess led to the discovery of a rectal adenocarcinoma (pT4N0M0, stage IIB/C). A combination of debridement, antibiotic therapy, neoadjuvant chemoradiation, and abdominoperineal resection resulted in improvement of the patient’s condition and remission. In conclusion, rare presentations of RC, such as a perirectal abscess, especially if present in conjunction with conventional RC symptomology, may necessitate the workup of RC.
Meta-Analysis of Electroencephalographic Correlates and Cognitive Performance for Acute Exercise-Induced Modulation
Authors: Martínez Róger Marcelo , Chen Chenyi , Fan Yang-Teng , Wu Hui-Hua , Du Pin-Shiuan , Chen Guan-Ya , Chen Yu-Chun
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Although abundant research delving into the acute exercise-induced modulation of cognitive performance and the P300-ERP component has been conducted, there is a lack of consensus regarding whether or not this type of intervention has a beneficial effect on cognition and how it relates to the P300-ERP. Methods: To examine the possible sources of this discrepancy, we conducted a meta-analysis of ERP results together with cognitive performance that were systemically stratified by relevant demographic and methodological moderators. Results: Our results indicate that while acute exercise exerted an overall stable effect on cognitive improvement, associated with enlarged P300 amplitudes, the effect size varied across factors of age, biological sex, exercise intensity, exercise type, control type, and experimental design. Future research taking into consideration modulating factors as to avoid misestimating the beneficial effects of acute exercise are encouraged. Conclusion: All in all, and to our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis quantitatively summarizing the relevant literature on the associations between P300-ERP correlates, acute exercise, and its positive influence on attention and cognitive performance in healthy individuals.
Evaluation of Cardiac Adverse Events with Ponatinib Using a Spontaneous Reporting Database
Authors: Kanbayashi Yuko , Uchida Mayako , Nakano Kana , Wakabayashi Haruka , Shimizu Tadashi
Published: April 2023

Introduction: The efficacy of ponatinib was demonstrated in patients resistant or intolerant to prior BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors. However, cardiac adverse events (CAEs) have become a concern as a serious side effect of ponatinib administration. No reports have described the incidence of CAEs associated with ponatinib in Japanese patients. Thus, this study aimed to determine the risk of ponatinib-induced CAEs, time to onset, and post hoc outcomes using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database. Methods: We analyzed data for the period between April 2004 and March 2021. Data on CAEs were extracted, and relative risk of AEs was estimated using the reporting odds ratio. Results: We analyzed 1,772,494 reports and identified 1,152 reports of AEs caused by ponatinib. Of these, 163 CAEs were reportedly associated with ponatinib. Signals were detected for thirteen CAEs: hypertension, cardiac failure, acute cardiac failure, atrial fibrillation, increased blood pressure, coronary artery stenosis, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, pulmonary hypertension, prolonged QT on electrocardiography, cardiomyopathy, cardiac dysfunction, and acute myocardial infarction. Among these, hypertension was the most frequently reported AE (27.6%). A histogram of times to onset showed occurrence from 4.5 to 150.5 days. Discussion/Conclusion: Hypertension, cardiac failure, coronary artery stenosis, and myocardial infarction could potentially result in serious outcomes and some cases occurred earlier or even more than 1 year after starting administration. Patients should be monitored for signs of the onset of these AEs not only at the start of ponatinib administration but also over the longer term.
Genotype and Phenotype Characterization of Patients with Mucopolysaccharidosis IV-A in Chile
Authors: Cárdenas José Miguel , Vergara Diane , Witting Scarlet , Balut Fernanda , Guerra Patricio , Mesa José Tomás , Silva Sebastián , Tello Javiera , Retamales Alvaro , Barrios Andrés , Pinto Fernando , Faundes Víctor , Troncoso Mónica
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Morquio syndrome or mucopolysaccharidosis type IV-A (MPS IV-A) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by biallelic variants in the GALNS gene, encoding the lysosomal enzyme GalN6S, responsible for glycosaminoglycan keratan sulfate and chondroitin-6-sulfate degradation. Studies have shown that the degree of evolutionary and chemical divergence of missense variants in GalN6S when compared to ancestral amino acids is associated with the severity of the syndrome, suggesting a genotype-phenotype correlation. There is little information on Latin American patients with MPS IV-A that replicate these findings. This study aimed to characterize the phenotype and genotype from patients with MPS IV-A, who are under Enzyme Replacement Therapy at the Children’s Neuropsychiatry Service of the Hospital Clínico San Borja Arriarán, Santiago, Chile, and to determine if there is any association between genotype and phenotype with those findings. Methods: Information was collected from medical charts, all patients went through a GalN6S enzymatic activity measurement in leukocytes from peripheral blood, and the GALNS gene was sequenced for all cases. Results: 12 patients with MPS IV-A were recruited, all patients presented multisystem involvement, mostly skeletal, and 75% of cases underwent surgical interventions, and cervical arthrodesis was the most frequent procedure. In regards of the genotype, the two most frequent variants were c.319+2T>C (n = 10, 41.66%) and p.(Arg386Cys) (n = 8, 33.33%), the first one was previously described in 2018 in a patient from Chile [Bochernitsan et al., 2018]. Conclusion: This is the first time that a genotype-phenotype correlation has been studied by analyzing the variants effect on the molecular structure of human GalN6S and the evolutionary conservation degree of affected residues in a cohort of patients in Chile. Albeit our work could not find statistically significant associations, we may infer that the evolutionary conservations of affected amino acids and the effect of variants on enzyme structure may play a main role. Further analyzes should consider a meta-analysis of published cases with genotype data and larger samples and include other variables that could provide more information. Finally, our data strongly suggest that variant c.319+2T>C could have a founder effect in Chilean patients with MPS IV-A.
Effect of Growth Hormone Therapy on Pubertal Timing: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Olwi Duaa , Day Felix , Ong Ken
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy effectively increases height in various disorders of childhood growth. However, whether rhGH affects pubertal timing is unclear. We aimed to review systematically published evidence on the effect of rhGH on pubertal timing. Methods: Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched until December 2021 on randomized and non-randomized controlled studies of rhGH in children. Results: Twenty-five articles (n = 1,433 children) were identified, describing 12 randomized and 13 non-randomized controlled studies in children with idiopathic short stature (ISS; 15 studies), small for gestational age (n = 6 studies), chronic renal failure (n = 3), Noonan syndrome (n = 1), and growth hormone deficiency (n = 1). Significant differences in the effects of rhGH on pubertal timing were found by clinical indication. Only among children with ISS, rhGH promoted earlier age at pubertal timing (mean difference = −0.46 years; 95% CI, −0.90 to −0.03; 9 studies; n total = 397) or higher relative risk for pubertal onset during study follow-up (1.26; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.54; 6 studies; n total = 284). Conclusions: Treatment with rhGH appears to promote earlier pubertal timing among children with ISS. Evidence was lacking in children with growth hormone deficiency due to the absence of studies with untreated controls.
Double Lumbar Localization of Myelomeningocele: Case Report
Authors: Belfatmi Nadjib , Motawei Ahmed S , Rezkallah Ayoub , Benarous Nour Djihane , Ahmed Adnan Hassan , Ghozy Sherief , Zaazoue Mohamed A. , Si Saber Mohamed
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Myelomeningocele (MMC) is a malformation resulting from the neural tube’s failure to close during embryonic development, and the majority of the cases of neural tube defects (NTDs) were prevalent as single location lesions along the spine; however, multiple NTDs (MNTDs) are a very rare condition. Only a few cases of MNTDs were found in the literature. Case Presentation: We report the case of a 2-month-old male infant prenatally diagnosed with MMC, presented with two unconnected lumbar and lumbosacral epidermal, soft, dome-shaped swellings located on both sides of the midline (paravertebral) covered by intact skin. MRI revealed double MMC at the level of L4-L5, with spinal nerve roots. The patient underwent surgical repair of the defects by replacing the spinal cord and its nerve roots inside the thecal sac and recreating a covering layer around the neural structures to resemble thecal sac. The outcome was favorable, and postoperative head CT scan did not show any complication. Conclusion: Our case report is considered the first from Algeria to report the condition and the first to report the occurrence of double lesions in the same spine region. MMC can be associated with neurological deficits or other congenital anomalies, thus it is necessary to thoroughly examine such patients. However, there was no antenatal folic acid deficiency in our case. We recommend antenatal care with adequate folic acid supplementation given that its deficiency during pregnancy is considered a ubiquitous risk factor for the condition. The optimal timing for surgery of MMC cases is 8 ± 5 days. Prenatal intrauterine repair of the condition provides favorable outcomes but carries high fetal and maternal risks. Surgical repair should include the sac removal, the reconstruction of the placode, and the closure of the overlying meninges. With early diagnosis and proper repair of such cases, MMC has good prognosis and favorable outcomes.
Increased Risk of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Donors with Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome: A Cohort Study
Authors: El Emrani Salma , Groene Sophie G. , Spekman Jip A. , Slaghekke Femke , van der Meeren Lotte E. , Schalij-Delfos Nicoline E. , Lopriore Enrico
Published: April 2023

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the within-pair difference in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) between donors and recipients with twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) and to identify risk factors for ROP development. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 147 TTTS twin pairs managed between 2002 and 2022 and eligible for ROP screening. Primary outcomes were any stage ROP and severe ROP. Secondary outcomes were hemoglobin at birth, red blood cell transfusions, mechanical ventilation days, postnatal steroids, and neonatal morbidity. Donor status was defined as having polyhydramnios pre-laser. Results: Rates of any stage ROP (23% vs. 14%) and severe ROP (8% vs. 3%) were significantly higher in donors compared to recipients. Donors received a higher number of blood transfusions (1 [±1.9] versus 0.7 [±1.5]). Five factors were univariately associated with any stage ROP: donor status (odds ratio [OR] 1.9; 95% CI 1.3–2.9), lower gestational age (GA) at birth (OR 1.7; 95% CI 1.4–2.1), small for GA (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.3–3.5), mechanical ventilation days (OR 1.1; 95% CI 1.1–1.2), and blood transfusions in phase 1 (OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.2–4.3). Three factors were independently associated with any stage ROP: donor status (OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.1–2.9), lower GA at birth (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.2–2.1), and mechanical ventilation days (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.0–1.1). Donor status was univariately associated with severe ROP (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.1–5.0). Conclusion: Any stage ROP and severe ROP are detected twice as frequently in donors compared to recipients. Increased awareness for ROP is needed in donors, especially those with lower GA at birth and longer duration of mechanical ventilation.
Salud mental, autoestima y satisfacción vital en universitarios del sur de Chile
Authors: Muñoz-Albarracín Macarena , Mayorga-Muñoz Cecilia , Jiménez-Figueroa Andrés
Published: April 2023

(analítico)Los universitarios atraviesan una etapa evolutiva que los sitúa como una población propensa a presentar alteraciones de salud mental, afectando su calidad de vida general. Este trabajo analiza la relación entre salud mental, autoestima y satisfacción vital en estudiantes de una universidad del sur de Chile. Los 452 participantes, hombres y mujeres entre 18 y 24 años de distintas carreras de la universidad, respondieron cuatro instrumentos: cuestionario sociodemográfico, escala de depresión, ansiedad y estrés, escala de satisfacción con la vida y escala de autoestima. Los resultados mostraron que los estudiantes que puntuaron más alto en problemas de salud mental presentaban menor satisfacción con la vida y menor autoestima. Así mismo, se encontró que las mujeres presentan mayor prevalencia en problemas de salud mental que los hombres.
Palabras clave: Salud mental; estudiante universitario; autoestima; satisfacción vital.
Validación del modelo multidimensional de perfeccionismo en población infantil
Authors: Oros Laura Beatriz , Chemisquy Sonia Noemí , Serppe Mónica Daiana , Helguera Gisela Paola
Published: April 2023

(analítico)El modelo multidimensional del perfeccionismo ha sido estudiado exiguamente en población infantil debido a la falta de instrumentos que evalúen simultáneamente las tres dimensiones del constructo: autorientado, socialmente prescrito y orientado a otros. En países hispanohablantes solo recientemente ha sido posible operacionalizar estos aspectos, por lo cual se propuso comprobar la bondad de ajuste del modelo tridimensional, integrando factorialmente dos escalas de perfeccionismo infantil. Participaron 2249 menores completando las escalas de perfeccionismo autorientado y de perfeccionismo social, y medidas de arrogancia y depresión. Se observó un ajuste válido y confiable del modelo de tres factores, que incluyó parcelas y covariancias entre residuos. La validez se evidenció, además, mediante correlaciones positivas del perfeccionismo con la arrogancia y la depresión. Los hallazgos demuestran que el modelo multidimensional puede ser generalizable a población infantil.
Palabras clave: Perfeccionismo; niñez; evaluación.
Sex Differences in Association Between Gut Microbiome and Essential Hypertension Based on Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring
Authors: Virwani Preeti Dinesh , Qian Gordon , Hsu Matthew S.S. , Pijarnvanit Tommy K.K.T.S. , Cheung Carman Nga-Man , Chow Yick Hin , Tang Lok Kan , Tse Yiu-Hei , Xian Jia-Wen , Lam Shirley Sau-Wing , Lee Crystal P.I. , Lo Chelsea C.W. , Liu Roxanna K.C. , Ho Tsi Lok , Chow Bak Yue , Leung Kin Sum , Tsang Hing Wai , Lo Emily K.K. , Tung Keith T.S. , Chung Sookja Kim , Yuen Man-Fung , Leung Suet Yi , Ip Patrick , Hung Ivan Fan-Ngai , Louie Jimmy Chun Yu , El-Nezami Hani , Ho Joshua Wing Kei , Lau Kui Kai
Published: April 2023

Background:

Sex differences in the pathogenesis of hypertension exist. While gut microbiota (GM) has been associated with hypertension, it is unclear whether there are sex-linked differences in the association between GM and hypertension.

Methods:

We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the sex differences in associations between GM characterized by shotgun sequencing, GM-derived short-chain fatty acids, and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure in 241 Hong Kong Chinese (113 men and 128 women; mean age, 54±6 years).

Results:

The hypertensive group was associated with GM alterations; however, significant differences in β-diversity and GM composition in hypertensive versus normotensive groups were only observed in women and not in men under various statistical models adjusting for the following covariates: age, sex, body mass index, sodium intake estimated by spot urine analysis, blood glucose, triglycerides, low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking, menopause, and fatty liver status. Specifically,
Ruminococcus gnavus
,
Clostridium bolteae
, and
Bacteroides ovatus
were significantly more abundant in the hypertensive women, whereas
Dorea formicigenerans
was more abundant in the normotensive women. No bacterial species were found to be significantly associated with hypertension in men. Furthermore, total plasma short-chain fatty acids and propionic acid were independent predictors of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in women but not men.

Conclusions:

GM dysregulation was strongly associated with 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure in women but not men, which may be mediated through propionic acid. Our work suggests that sex differences may be an important consideration while assessing the role of GM in the development and treatment of hypertension.
Exercise and Artery Function in Twins: Sex Differences in a Cross-Over Trial
Authors: Green Daniel J. , Marsh Channa E. , Thomas Hannah J. , Lester Leanne , Scurrah Katrina J. , Haynes Andrew , Naylor Louise H.
Published: April 2023

Background:

Physical activity reduces cardiovascular risk, partly via direct effects on the arterial wall. We hypothesized that vascular function responses would be modality-specific, sex-dependent, and express a high degree of heritability.

Methods:

We recruited 90 same-sex twins (31 monozygotic, 14 dizygotic dizygotic pairs; 25.8±6.0 years) and randomized 70 (25 monozygotic, 10 dizygotic) to complete, as pairs, 3 months each of resistance and endurance training, separated by a 3-month washout.

Results:

Brachial artery flow-mediated (FMD%) and glyceryl-trinitrate induced dilation (GTN%) both increased following endurance (FMD%: ∆1.46%,
P
<0.001; GTN%: ∆1.76%,
P
=0.004) and resistance (FMD%: ∆1.73%,
P
<0.001; GTN%: ∆1.68%,
P
=0.045). About one-third of participants failed to respond to one or other mode; 10% failed to respond to both for FMD% (17% for GTN%). FMD% and GTN% increased significantly in response to both resistance and endurance in females (
P
<0.05), but not males. Twin analysis revealed that responses to both FMD% and GTN% with exercise training for both modalities were dependent on factors shared by monozygotic pairs and that a large contribution from genetic effects is unlikely.

Conclusions:

Our findings indicate that both endurance and resistance can enhance vascular function and that responses in females were more marked. Most individuals respond to one or other form of training, with few unresponsive to both; a finding that has implications for optimizing exercise-based approaches for individualized benefit. Focusing on characteristics of exercise prescription may be more important than the impact of distinct candidate genes when considering exercise as a form of vascular medicine.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=371222
; Unique identifier: ACTRN 12616001095459.
Factors Associated With Improved Technical Outcomes When Using 0.068‐ to 0.074‐Inch Aspiration Catheters: Analysis From a Multicenter Retrospective Cohort
Authors: Vargas Jan , Majidi Shahram , Hawk Harris , Nimjee Shahid , Zakeri Amanda S. , Mokin Maxim , Kellogg Ryan T , Cortez Gustavo , Aghaebrahim Amin , Sauvageau Eric , Hanel Ricardo , DeLeacy Reade , Siddiqui Adnan , Oselkin Martin , Marlin Evan , Turner Ray , Chaudry Imran , Milburn James
Published: April 2023

Background

In addition to enlarging the catheter tip diameter, recent aspiration catheters were designed with a novel angled‐tip design. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of new‐generation angled‐tip aspiration catheters in comparison to commonly used straight‐tip large‐bore aspiration catheters.

Methods

We performed a multicenter retrospective analysis of consecutive cases with M1 occlusion treated with aspiration thrombectomy from July 2016 to February 2021. Patients were divided into 2 cohorts: those in whom a 0.071‐inch angled‐tip catheter was used and those in whom a 0.068‐ to 0.074‐inch flat‐tip catheter was used.

Results

A total of 384 patients were identified. The angled‐tip catheter was used in 129 (33.6%) patients, whereas 255 (66.4%) patients were treated with flat‐tip catheters. There was no significant difference in age, sex, baseline modified Rankin scale score, side of occlusion, initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, time from last known normal to access, or rate of intravenous recombinant tPA (tissue‐type plasminogen activator) administration. Use of the angled‐tip reperfusion catheter was associated with average 5‐minute faster time to Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2B or better (22.13±21.05 versus 27±24.54 minutes;
P
=0.012) and 7‐minute faster time to final recanalization (25.85±25.22 versus 32.96±29.26 minutes;
P
=0.011). There was no difference in the rate of good outcome or hemorrhagic transformation.

Conclusions

We report a multicenter, retrospective review of patients treated with current generation large‐bore aspiration catheters. Angled‐tipped catheters were associated with shorter times to Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2B and final reperfusion. There were no differences in 90‐day modified Rankin scale score, rates of intracranial hemorrhage, or complications.
Metallurgical Characterization of Two 11th–12th Century Single-Bow Shears from Sigtuna, Sweden
Authors: Helén Andreas , Eliasson Anders , Wärmländer Sebastian K.T.S.
Published: April 2023

Shears, being everyday objects, have received significantly less attention by archaeometallurgists than other edged tools or weapons. Yet, shear blades were forged with the same techniques as blades of, e.g. knives and swords. The most common shear type in ancient times was the bow shears, where the bow had to be flexible so it could be repeatedly bent without cracking or breaking. The shear-maker, therefore, faced the challenge of combining hard steel (the blades) with soft/flexible steel (the bow). In fact, bow shears are one of the first tools to be invented, where metal acts as a spring. Thus, ancient bow shears can be used for investigating the history and development of spring steel technology, which is currently unclear. Here, we present the metallurgical characterization of two 11th–12th c. single-bow shears from Sigtuna, Sweden. Both the blades and the bows of the two shears were found to be of decent quality and much better than in older shears from the Roman period. Although the steel qualities are not quite up to modern standards, this does not in itself prove that the Sigtuna blacksmiths lacked the technological knowledge to make ideal spring steel. Shears are relatively cheap everyday objects intended to be used until they break, at which point they are discarded. Therefore, it might not have been worth the Medieval blacksmiths’ time and effort to perfect the material properties of steel used in shears. The shears’ blades are on par with Medieval-period knife blades, and future studies on ancient shear-making should preferably involve comparisons of shears and knives from the same origins.
Aphidna’s Prehistoric Tumulus in North Attica from around 2000 BC. A Comprehensive Re-assessment of Sam Wide’s 1894 Excavation
Authors: Hielte Maria
Published: April 2023

The 13 graves excavated in 1894 by Sam Wide at Aphidna only attracted sporadic attention during the first decades, even though he exposed unusually rich burials. However, over the last 20 years, there has been increased interest, but still with most focus on only one grave, Pithos Grave III. This article combines information from several sources to get a more comprehensive picture, including a thorough re-read of Wide’s original publication in German, an examination of his preserved correspondence and notes, also with a newly discovered original photo taken during the excavation. In addition, recent colour photos of the finds kept in the National Archaeological Museum in Athens are provided. This approach may, in a sense, be termed ‘archaeology in reverse’. Wide was a pioneer in Greek prehistoric studies and the first to identify a then-unknown phase between the Early and the Middle Bronze Age, based on the Aphidna finds. His detailed descriptions of the excavation, including the large bowls placed outside the pithos graves, also contribute to reconstructing burial rites. After 130 years, with many new contemporary sites now available, new insights into regional perspectives can be gained.
Prehistoric Iron Bloomery Debris on a Small Island in Lake Aisetas (Eastern Lithuania)
Authors: Simniškytė Andra , Selskienė Aušra
Published: April 2023

The archaeological discoveries of metallurgical waste in Lithuania have established that metallurgical activities were commonly connected to settlements. However, recent investigations suggest that even in the case of small-scale production on a homestead industry level, small isolated smelting bloomeries could have existed outside settlements.

The work presented in this article introduces the material acquired from the newly discovered prehistoric site on a small island in Lake Aisetas in Eastern Lithuania. The data was acquired through surface and soil sampling surveys, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and small-scale excavations. Metallurgical waste weighing 150 kg was collected without additional evidence to facilitate archaeological interpretation of the finds and their origins.

This article aims to characterise the metallurgical waste and deduce the nature of the activity and processes that produced these by-products on the island. Through an exploration of recovery circumstances and a macroscopic examination as well as composition and microstructure analysis of the metallurgical waste, this study intends to answer the following questions: what constitutes the metallurgical waste found on the island; what conclusions can be drawn regarding the ironworking techniques, production scope, and chronology; and how favourable was the studied area for early iron production?
Molecular phylogeny of Onobrychis sect. Onobrychis (Fabaceae-Hedysareae) with insights into its taxonomy and character evolution
Authors: HADADI ANAHITA , KAVEH AKRAM , NAFISI HANYIEH , KAZEMPOUR-OSALOO SHAHROKH
Published: April 2023

Onobrychis sect. Onobrychis, as the most species-rich section of the genus Onobrychis, ranges from Central Asia to Europe with a south extension into North Africa. In this study, we concentrated on the systematics of previously poorly represented O.sect. Onobrychis using a substantial taxon sampling. To test the monophyly of the section as well as to clarify interspecific relationships, the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer(nrDNA ITS) and three chloroplast sequences (ndhF-rlp32, rpl32-trnL(UAG), and trnG(UCC)-trnS(GCU)) were employed. Phylogenetic analyses were performed by maximum likelihood and Bayesian inferences. The results showed that O.sect. Onobrychis is monophyletic and composed of two main well-supported clades which are redefined as two subsections (O.subsect. Onobrychis, O. subsect. Macropterae).Ancestral character reconstruction of morphological traits: life form, wing to standard ratio, chromosome number, and ploidy level, indicated that short-winged petal is a synapomorphy for a group of species in the section while other traits have undergone parallel evolution. Possessing the basic chromosome number x= 7 has arisen twice, independently. It seems that perenniality and polyploidy are probably the key innovations in the diversification of O. sect. Onobrychis.
Tribal assignment of the genus Eumera Staudinger, 1892, using multi-gene analysis, with description of a new species from Iran (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Ennominae)
Authors: WANKE DOMINIC , SHIRVANI ASGHAR , HAUSMANN AXEL , MURILLO-RAMOS LEIDYS , SIHVONEN PASI
Published: April 2023

The geometrid moth genus Eumera Staudinger, 1892 consists of five yellow-orange-pinkish species distributed in the western Palearctic, with uncertain tribal classification within the geometrid subfamily Ennominae. In this study, we explored the phylogenetic position of the genus Eumera. Therefore, a concatenated dataset was analyzed, which includes one mitochondrial and up to ten protein-coding genetic markers per taxa. Moreover, we compared some external and internal morphological traits to other closely related genera. Our phylogenetic inference and comparative morphology suggested that Eumera should be included in the tribe Prosopolophini. In addition, a new species, Eumera rajaeii sp. nov. Wanke & Shirvani is described from southern Iran, and diagnosed by molecular data and morphological features. The distribution of the Iranian species is shown on a map. We illustrate external characters and male genitalia of three closely related Eumera species.
A new species of Lucilia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Calliphoridae) from the Amazon region and its potential distribution areas
Authors: WHITWORTH TERRY L. , AMAT EDUARDO
Published: April 2023

Lucilia amazonia, sp. nov. from the Amazon region of Colombia and Brazil is described based on morphology. This species appears to be limited to the Amazon region and is quite distinctive and unlike other Lucilia in the region. A key to the species is provided following the Lucilia key in Whitworth (2014). Based on the distribution observed, its likely distribution is predicted.
Simulation of the eThekwini Heat Island in South Africa
Authors: Maisha Robert T. , Ndarana Thando , Engelbrecht Francois A. , Thatcher Marcus , Bopape Mary-Jane M. , van der Merwe Jacobus , Padayachi Yerdashin , Masemola Cecilia
Published: April 2023

The study evaluates the performance of the Conformal Cubic Atmospheric Model (CCAM) when simulating an urban heat island (UHI) over the city of eThekwini, located along the southeast coast of South Africa. The CCAM is applied at a grid length of 1 km on the panel with eThekwini, in a stretched-grid mode. The CCAM is coupled to the urban climate model called the Australian Town Energy Budget (ATEB). The ATEB incorporates measured urban parameters including building characteristics, emissions, and albedo. The ATEB incorporates the land-cover boundary conditions obtained from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite. The CCAM configuration applied realistically captured the orientation of the city and land-cover types. Simulations of meteorological variables such as temperatures and longwave radiation reproduced the spatial distribution and intensity of the UHI. Results show that the UHI is stronger during summer and weaker in all other seasons. The UHI developed because of natural factors (e.g., distribution of longwave radiation) and human factors (e.g., urban expansion, an increase in anthropogenic emissions, and additional heating). Because of the city’s location along the coast, the UHI simulation could be weakened by atmospheric circulations resulting from land and sea breezes. Mitigation methods such as applying reflective paints and revegetation of the city may increase albedo and latent heat fluxes but reduce the sensible heat fluxes and weaken the UHI. However, the UHI may not be completely eliminated since natural factors and emissions constantly influence its development.

Significance Statement

The outcome of this study could be particularly valuable for municipalities in their disaster management planning since the occurrence of UHIs can cause heat-related diseases such as heatstrokes and even fatalities, especially for the elderly, in cities. Increases in temperatures also lead to higher demand for air conditioners, which in the long term lead to higher demand and pressure on the electricity grid system as well as increased costs for the individual. As higher temperatures increase heatwave events, increases in anthropogenic emissions also result in degraded air quality that impacts health. UHIs impact human lives and can cause deterioration in health when individuals experience high temperatures in summer. Warmer temperatures also reduce energy demand (and in the long term assist with global environmental restoration).