bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The MiFIR and PRIIPs Product Intervention Regime: In Need of Intervention?
Authors: Colaert Veerle
Published: March 2020

As from January 2018, MiFIR and the PRIIPs Regulation provide national supervisors with competences to adopt measures restricting or limiting financial activities or practices, or the marketing, distribution or sale of financial instruments, structured deposits and insurance-based investments. Moreover, these regulations give competences to the European Supervisory Authorities (ESMA, EBA and EIOPA) to coordinate and facilitate national product intervention measures in order to safeguard the level playing field. In addition, the European Supervisory Authorities can also directly prohibit or restrict the same products, activities or practices in the entire Union, albeit only temporarily.In this contribution we first offer a discussion of the historical evolution of product intervention, including an overview of national measures taken in a number of Member States before the entry into force of the MiFIR and the PRIIPs Regulation. Then we scrutinize the conditions of the MiFIR and PRIIPs product intervention regime and examine ESMA’s first product intervention measures. Finally, we take a critical look at the scope of application of the product intervention measures based on MiFIR.We conclude that the MiFIR and PRIIPs product intervention measures can be considered the keystone of the EU investor protection regime. Since a well-functioning product governance regime should make product intervention measures superfluous in the majority of circumstances, we welcome the fact that national and European authorities have shown restraint and only introduced product intervention measures in regard of a very limited number of products. Nevertheless for the product intervention regime to optimally function, we have argued in favour of a number of changes in the regulations and in the way they are interpreted.
Promoting learning and unlearning through textual enhancement in a closely related L1-L2 relationship
Authors: Della Putta Paolo
Published: March 2020

This study investigates the differential effects of Textual Enhancement (TE) on the learning and unlearning of two syntactic properties of Spanish – the absence of the Pre-possessive Determiner Article (PPDA) and the presence of the Prepositional Accusative (PA) – which each pose specific acquisitional difficulties for Italian-speaking learners of Spanish (ISS) due to their asymmetrical relationships with corresponding L1 structures. 77 ISS were divided in two experimental groups: group A read 5 texts with TE on PA – the feature to be learned – and group B read the same 5 texts with TE on PPDA – the feature to be unlearned. The participants took a timed grammatical judgment task three times (before, five days after, and two months after the instructional treatment). The results are compared with those of Della Putta (2016), a symmetrical study to this, in which the same teaching intervention and experimental conditions were adopted with Spanish-speaking learners of Italian, whose task was to unlearn PA and to learn PPDA. The bidirectional comparison shows a similar, weak effect of TE, although in the present study, unlike in Della Putta (2016), unlearning did not seem to be more difficult than learning. These similarities and differences are discussed and theoretically motivated.
Interface properties of carbon fiber reinforced cyanate/epoxy resin composites at cryogenic temperature
Authors: Yan Meiling , Zhang Chengwei , Jiao Weicheng , Li Jun , Huang Yifan , Chu Zhenming , Chen Xiaodan , Shen Feng , Wang Yong , Wang Rongguo , He Xiaodong
Published: March 2020

This study focuses on the influence of cryogenic temperature on the interface of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs). Results of interfacial shear strength (IFSS) and mode II interlaminar fracture toughness (G
IIC

) at −196°C increased by 15.3% and 27.6% compared to the condition at room temperature (RT). By measuring the IFSS at −196°C, a new experimental method was designed based on microbond test. The layer shear fracture morphologies of CFRP were observed by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. In order to study the interlaminar fracture mechanism, the interface and resin fracture hybrid model was built, and the shear-lag theory of interfacial toughness was adopted to analyze the energy release rate (G
dc

) of microbond. The results showed that the G
dc

value was increased by 11.5% from RT to −196°C temperature. A higher G
IIC

of CFRP was dominated by the higher IFSS and resin energy absorption at −196°C.
The lexicon of pulmonary ailment in some medieval Irish medical texts
Authors: Hayden Deborah
Published: March 2020

Le terme loch tuile ne se trouve pas dans les sources lexicographiques qui ont été publiées jusqu’à présent pour les langues gaéliques. Il est utilisé, cependant, pour faire référence à la maladie pulmonaire dans des manuscrits médicaux irlandais copiés pendant les quinzième et seizième siècles, dans un cas comme glose interlinéaire sur le texte juridique en vieil-irlandais connu sous le nom de Bretha Déin Chécht (‘Les jugements [du médecin mythologique] Dían Cécht’). Il s’agit dans cet article d’examiner quelques attestations de ce terme et de ses dérivés, en faisant appel à textes qui se trouvent dans quatre manuscrits différents. La discussion vise alors à élucider quelques aspects de la terminologie médicale gaélique pendant l’époque médiévale, et aussi à faire des observations préliminaires sur les liens qui auraient existé entre les manuscrits en question.
Thermalization and Nonequilibrium Steady States in a Few-Atom System
Authors: Mayer Daniel , Widera Artur
Published: March 2020

We investigate nonequilibrium steady states in an isolated system of few ultracold cesium atoms (Cs). Numerically and experimentally, we study the dynamics and fluctuations of the extracted position distributions and find the formation of nonthermal steady states for absent interactions. Atomic collisions in the s-wave regime, however, ensue thermalization of the few-particle system. We present numerical simulations of the microscopic equations of motion with a simple representation of the s-wave scattering events. Based on these simulations, a parameter range is identified, where the interaction between few atoms is sufficiently strong to thermalize the nonequilibrium steady state on experimentally accessible time scales, which can be traced by monitoring the atomic position distribution. Furthermore, the total energy distribution, which is also accessible experimentally, is found to be a powerful tool to observe the emergence of a thermal state. Our work provides a pathway for future experiments investigating the effect interactions in few-particle systems and underlines the role of fluctuations in investigating few-particle systems.
Consideraciones sobre la transmisión textual de laCrónica de Iria
Authors: Agrelo Ana Isabel Boullón
Published: March 2020

The textual transmission of theCrónica de Iria(a historical text written in Galicia in the 15th century) has been controversial in recent years. Its latest editor, José Souto, holds that the original text is the oldest manuscript (C), written in the 15th century by Rui Vázquez. On the other hand, David Mackenzie considered that this manuscript (C) and the seventeenth-century copy (V) come from the lost archetype with different degrees of manipulation. The historical data provided by Fernando López Alsina analysing the reasons for the composition of theCrónica de Iriasupports Mackenzie’s analysis. The present article examines the indirect tradition and carries out a careful collation of the texts, aiming to draw more effective conclusions as regards the existing filiation.
L’Historia della guerra del Monferrato: un testo non piemontese
Authors: Ferrarotti Lorenzo
Published: March 2020

The 17th century poem called Historia della guerra del Monferrato is generally deemed to be written in a Piedmontese dialect (specifically, in a variety from Monferrat) and for this reason it is included in Piedmontese anthologies and treated as a Piedmontese text by scholars. This paper aims to show, by a comparative linguistic analysis, that this text it is not actually written in Piedmontese, adding evidence to some neglected suggestions by Carlo Salvioni in this regard. In fact, he believed that the Historia was a text from Bergamo, but even this claim is inaccurate, because the main linguistic features of this text can show that its place of origin is probably an area between eastern Lombardy, Emilia and Venetia, perhaps in the surroundings of Mantua.
Biophysical Basis of Alpha Rhythm Disruption in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Sharma Rohan , Nadkarni Suhita
Published: March 2020

Occipital alpha is a prominent rhythm (∼10 Hz) detected in electroencephalography (EEG) during wakeful relaxation with closed eyes. The rhythm is generated by a subclass of thalamic pacemaker cells that burst at the alpha frequency, orchestrated by the interplay of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (HCN) and calcium channels in response to elevated levels of ambient acetylcholine (ACh). These oscillations are known to have a lower peak frequency and coherence in the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Interestingly, calcium signaling, HCN channel expression and ACh signaling, crucial for orchestrating the alpha rhythm, are also known to be aberrational in AD. In a biophysically detailed network model of the thalamic circuit, we investigate the changes in molecular signaling and the causal relationships between them that lead to a disrupted thalamic alpha in AD. Our simulations show that lowered HCN expression leads to a slower thalamic alpha, which can be rescued by increasing ACh levels, a common therapeutic target of AD drugs. However, this rescue is possible only over a limited range of reduced HCN expression. The model predicts that lowered HCN expression can modify the network activity in the thalamic circuit leading to increased GABA release in the thalamus and disrupt the calcium homeostasis. The changes in calcium signaling make the network more susceptible to noise, causing a loss in rhythmic activity. Based on our results, we propose that reduced frequency and coherence of the occipital alpha rhythm seen in AD may result from downregulated HCN expression, rather than modified cholinergic signaling.
Egyptian National Security and the Perils of Egyptian–Libyan Border Management
Authors: Farag Mona
Published: March 2020

In this post-9/11 age, marked by international terrorism, militant non-state actors have created a world of insecurity, challenging international borders by constructing numerous national security issues. These international demarcation lines have been upheld by international conventions and treaties that have been established over the past decades. However, the fluid movement of people and goods, specifically jihadi militants and weapons, through borders in recent years has created both national and transnational security concerns. Nowhere is this problem more relevant than in the Middle East, and more so at the Libyan–Egyptian border. This research paper assesses the current security and policy problems of the Egyptian–Libyan border from Egypt’s national security perspective and the movement of ISIS militants across this border, which inevitably impacts Egypt’s Eastern border in the Sinai Peninsula. The present actions of international assistance of the United Nations and European Union member states are discussed regarding their negotiation initiatives in Libya. Egypt’s alternative approach is discussed, whereby it is taking charge, whether multi- or unilaterally, of the security predicament by effectively policing this porous border. In effect, this paper analyzes Egypt’s insistence on implementing its traditional notions of security, thereby ensuring it remains in a position of power.
Corrigendum: Distinguishing Between Need Support and Regulatory Focus with LIWC
Authors: Vaughn Leigh Ann
Published: March 2020

Following the publication of our recent article in Collabra: Psychology [https://www.collabra.org/articles/10.1525/collabra.185/] we wish to bring the following corrigendum to your attention.
Insurgent Collaboration
Authors: Sánchez Linda E. , Coutin Susan Bibler
Published: March 2020

Scholarship regarding those who are categorized as undocumented can put sanctuary principles into practice in research settings. To do so, scholars can conduct research in collaboration with immigrant communities, reject essentializing terminology, develop modes of sociality that challenge exclusion, and document the unofficial forms of sanctuary devised by members of immigrant communities. This research model is grounded in principles of accompaniment that were followed by 1980s activists who offered sanctuary to those fleeing wars in Central America. Examples of research initiatives and educational programs that follow such principles are presented.
Merited or Inherited?
Authors: Huell Jade C.
Published: March 2020

This essay builds on Cheryl I. Harris's conception of racialized property and bell hooks's notion of aesthetic inheritance to analyze the “double down” and “call-out culture” as performances at play in the aftermath of Martin J. Medhurst's 2019 editorial about the National Communication Association Executive Committee's decision regarding the selection of new Distinguished Scholars. The essay offers a descriptive analysis that places merit and inheritance in conversation and argues for five specific strategies for countering white supremacy in the academy.
The Violence of Merit
Authors: Levina Marina
Published: March 2020

This essay examines how, in the academy, the language of merit is used to discipline and conform bodies to the standards set up to uphold conditions that benefiting whiteness. Therefore, the violence of merit is one of the ways whiteness reasserts itself.
I Should Have Been Wearing the Pink Triangle
Authors: Purnell David F.
Published: March 2020

Inspired by Dwight Conquergood, who calls on scholars to engage in intimate conversations, I offer an autoethnographic approach to explore the interconnectivity between place attachment, shame culture, and what I refer to as identity suicide through my journey to finding an attachment to place, to having interaction. Through these findings, I discovered the self-acceptance that had always been a struggle to reach due to the choices I was making within the shame culture in which I was living. This work is a reflective processing of my choices along this journey—choices that are denied to so many other queer individuals.
Sanctuary, Fugitivity, and Insurgent Models of Migrant Justice
Authors: Chávez Karma R.
Published: March 2020

This essay introduces the issues and stakes of sanctuary movements and provides an introduction to the Critical Intervention forum.
Sensitivity of spinach seed germination to moisture is driven by oxygen availability and influenced by seed size and pericarp
Authors: Magnée Kim J.H. , Scholten Olga E. , Postma Joeke , Lammerts van Bueren Edith T. , Groot Steven P.C.
Published: March 2020

Uniform seedling emergence is crucial for economically viable spinach (Spinacia oleracea) leaf production. However, non-uniform seed germination occurs due to variation in moisture sensitivity between and within spinach seed lots. To test moisture sensitivity, we developed a
floating germination system with fixed distances between germination papers and the water table, so that moisture levels could be standardised. We tested germination performance of different cultivar seed lots, with one seed lot fractioned in different seed sizes, and of seeds with an intact,
open or removed pericarp. At a high moisture level, smaller seeds germinated better than larger seeds, and seeds without a pericarp or with an open pericarp germinated better than intact seeds. Further, the pericarp of smaller seeds was thinner than the pericarp of larger seeds. A lower temperature
or increased oxygen level resulted in higher germination rates for differently-sized seeds at high moisture levels. In conclusion, the sensitivity of spinach seed germination to moisture is influenced by seed size, hence pericarp thickness and intactness, and is driven by the oxygen availability
to the seed embryo. To determine the full germination potential of spinach seed lots, we recommend a standardised low moisture level in addition to a temperature of 15 or 20°C.
A minimum dataset for a Level 1 echocardiogram: a guideline protocol from the British Society of Echocardiography
Authors: Hindocha Rakhee , Garry David , Short Nadia , Ingram Tom E. , Steeds Richard P. , Colebourn Claire L. , Pearce Keith , Sharma Vishal
Published: March 2020

The British Society of Echocardiography has previously outlined a minimum dataset for a standard transthoracic echocardiogram, and this remains the basis on which an echocardiographic study should be performed. The importance of ultrasound in excluding critical conditions that may require urgent treatment is well known. Several point-of-care echo protocols have been developed for use by non-echocardiography specialists. However, these protocols are often only used in specific circumstances and are usually limited to 2D echocardiography. Furthermore, although the uptake in training for these protocols has been reasonable, there is little in the way of structured support available from accredited sonographers in the ongoing training and re-accreditation of those undertaking these point-of-care scans. In addition, it is well recognised that the provision of echocardiography on a 24/7 basis is extremely challenging, particularly outside of tertiary cardiac centres. Consequently, following discussions with NHS England, the British Society of Echocardiography has developed the Level 1 echocardiogram in order to support the rapid identification of critical cardiac pathology that may require emergency treatment. It is intended that these scans will be performed by non-specialists in echocardiography and crucially are not designed to replace a full standard transthoracic echocardiogram. Indeed, it is expected that a significant number of patients, in whom a Level 1 echocardiogram is required, will need to have a full echocardiogram performed as soon as is practically possible. This document outlines the minimum dataset for a Level 1 echocardiogram. The accreditation process for Level 1 echo is described separately.
Adult Movement Defects Associated with a CORL Mutation in Drosophila Display Behavioral Plasticity
Authors: Dimitriadou Agapi , Chatzianastasi Nasia , Zacharaki Panagiota I , O’Connor MaryJane , Goldsmith Samuel L , O’Connor Michael B , Consoulas Christos , Newfeld Stuart J
Published: March 2020

The CORL family of CNS-specific proteins share a Smad-binding region with mammalian SnoN and c-Ski protooncogenes. In this family Drosophila CORL has two mouse and two human relatives. Roles for the mouse and human CORL proteins are largely unknown. Based on genome-wide association studies linking the human CORL proteins Fussel15 and Fussel18 with ataxia, we tested the hypothesis that dCORL mutations will cause adult movement disorders. For our initial tests, we conducted side by side studies of adults with the small deletion Df(4)dCORL and eight control strains. We found that deletion mutants exhibit three types of behavioral plasticity. First, significant climbing defects attributable to loss of dCORL are eliminated by age. Second, significant phototaxis defects due to loss of dCORL are partially ameliorated by age and are not due to faulty photoreceptors. Third, Df(4)dCORL males raised in groups have a lower courtship index than males raised as singles though this defect is not due to loss of dCORL. Subsequent tests showed that the climbing and phototaxis defects were phenocpied by dCORL21B and dCORL23C two CRISPR generated mutations. Overall, the finding that adult movement defects due to loss of dCORL are subject to age-dependent plasticity suggests new hypotheses for CORL functions in flies and mammals.
De Novo Genome Assembly of the Meadow Brown Butterfly, Maniola jurtina
Authors: Singh Kumar Saurabh , Hosken David J , Wedell Nina , ffrench-Constant Richard , Bass Chris , Baxter Simon , Paszkiewicz Konrad , Sharma Manmohan D
Published: March 2020

Meadow brown butterflies (Maniola jurtina) on the Isles of Scilly represent an ideal model in which to dissect the links between genotype, phenotype and long-term patterns of selection in the wild - a largely unfulfilled but fundamental aim of modern biology. To meet this aim, a clear description of genotype is required. Here we present the draft genome sequence of M. jurtina to serve as a founding genetic resource for this species. Seven libraries were constructed using pooled DNA from five wild caught spotted females and sequenced using Illumina, PacBio RSII and MinION technology. A novel hybrid assembly approach was employed to generate a final assembly with an N50 of 214 kb (longest scaffold 2.9 Mb). The sequence assembly described here predicts a gene count of 36,294 and includes variants and gene duplicates from five genotypes. Core BUSCO (Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs) gene sets of Arthropoda and Insecta recovered 90.5% and 88.7% complete and single-copy genes respectively. Comparisons with 17 other Lepidopteran species placed 86.5% of the assembled genes in orthogroups. Our results provide the first high-quality draft genome and annotation of the butterfly M. jurtina.
Early Drought-Responsive Genes Are Variable and Relevant to Drought Tolerance
Authors: He Cheng , Du Yicong , Fu Junjie , Zeng Erliang , Park Sunghun , White Frank , Zheng Jun , Liu Sanzhen
Published: March 2020

Drought stress is an important crop yield limiting factor worldwide. Plant physiological responses to drought stress are driven by changes in gene expression. While drought-responsive genes (DRGs) have been identified in maize, regulation patterns of gene expression during progressive water deficits remain to be elucidated. In this study, we generated time-series transcriptomic data from the maize inbred line B73 under well-watered and drought conditions. Comparisons between the two conditions identified 8,626 DRGs and the stages (early, middle, and late drought) at which DRGs occurred. Different functional groups of genes were regulated at the three stages. Specifically, early and middle DRGs display higher copy number variation among diverse Zea mays lines, and they exhibited stronger associations with drought tolerance as compared to late DRGs. In addition, correlation of expression between small RNAs (sRNAs) and DRGs from the same samples identified 201 negatively sRNA/DRG correlated pairs, including genes showing high levels of association with drought tolerance, such as two glutamine synthetase genes, gln2 and gln6. The characterization of dynamic gene responses to progressive drought stresses indicates important adaptive roles of early and middle DRGs, as well as roles played by sRNAs in gene expression regulation upon drought stress.
SKN-1 Is a Negative Regulator of DAF-16 and Somatic Stress Resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Deng Jianhui , Dai Yuxi , Tang Haiqing , Pang Shanshan
Published: March 2020

The transcription factor SKN-1, the C. elegans ortholog of mammalian Nrf protein, is a well-known longevity factor, and its activation is observed in several long-lived models. SKN-1 also plays essential roles in xenobiotic and oxidative stress responses. Here, we report deleterious functions of SKN-1 in somatic stress resistance that may impair lifespan. Constitutive SKN-1 activation impairs animal resistance to several stresses, including heat, ER stress and mitochondrial stress, which result from the suppression of DAF-16, another master regulator of longevity. SKN-1 activation abrogates DAF-16 nuclear import and downregulates DAF-16 target genes under stress conditions, while SKN-1 inhibition promotes the expression of DAF-16 targets, even in long-lived mutants. Further, SKN-1 activation induces the expression of vitellogenin proteins, which are required for SKN-1-mediated suppression of DAF-16 and stress resistance. Together, these findings identify detrimental roles for SKN-1 activation in animal health, and more importantly, inspire the rethinking of the complex roles for SKN-1 in aging regulation.
A token-based investigation of verbal plurality in Lithuanian dialects
Authors: Kozhanov Kirill , Wiemer Björn
Published: March 2020

This paper examines the use of the verbal suffixes -(d)inė- and ‑dav‑ in Lithuanian dialects. Both suffixes express pluractionality, although of different types, and their distribution in Lithuanian dialects differs as well. Using corpus data, we find that in South Aukštaitian ‑dav‑ is rarer and -(d)inė‑ is more frequent than in East Aukštaitian; in Lithuanian dialects of Belarus -dav- is almost absent. We argue against the assumption that -(d)inėforms have extended into the domain of the past habitual at the expense of ‑dav‑ forms; a slightly higher token frequency of -(d)inė‑ in South Aukštaitian seems to apply irrespective of any particular tense. We also argue that only token-based analyses can substantiate claims concerning areal distribution of certain grammatical forms and constructions.
Juk and gi, and “particles” in contemporary Lithuanian: Explaining language-particular elements in a cross-linguistic context
Authors: Panov Vladimir
Published: March 2020

In this paper, I propose to take a fresh look at the elements traditionally termed “particles” in descriptions of Lithuanian. I establish criteria that would allow one to come up with a meaningful classification of such elements, and argue for the descriptive language particular category of “sentence particles”. I then turn to the syntax and functions of juk and gi, two prominent elements of this category. In order to understand their functions better, I invoke cross-linguistic comparison. I demonstrate that the ideas expressed in the literature on the German particles doch and ja can also be applied to Lithuanian. All four particles exhibit a common meaning component, which I describe as framing the proposition as uncontroversial, but also significant differences. Finally, I provide a brief overview of similar categories in some neighboring and genealogically related languages, and introduce the general methodological and areal-typological dimension of the phenomenon.
Intercultural Perspectives on Research Writing, Pilar Mur-Dueñas, Jolanta Šinkūnienė, eds. John Benjamins, Amsterdam/Philadelphia (2018)
Authors: Varga Mirna
Published: March 2020

Intercultural Perspectives on Research Writing, Pilar Mur-Dueñas, Jolanta Šinkūnienė, eds. John Benjamins, Amsterdam/Philadelphia (2018). VII + 310 pp., ISBN 9789027201973.
Father, Womb, Blood: Apollo’s embryological theory, the ethics of revenge, and the supposed exclusion of women in Aischylos’ Eumenides
Authors: Tralau Johan
Published: March 2020

In Aischylos’ Eumenides, Apollo intimates a theory according to which the father is the sole genetic parent of the child. The status of this conception, and whether it is depicted as an outlandish idea, has been much and inconclusively discussed. This paper considers a neglected piece of evidence: Apollo’s use of the very unusual word αὐτάδελφον when addressing Hermes. In light of the Greeks’ awareness of this etymology as well as the other instances of this rare word in tragedy, the author argues that Aischylos’ text highlights the etymological connection to δελφύς, the womb, thus evoking the role of the mother. This suggests that Aischylos subtly lets his, and Apollo’s, language rebel against the notion of merely paternal kinship, and the concomitant ideas about revenge, retaliation and children’s obligations to their parent.
Trabalho social cubano e tendências teóricas atuais
Authors: Da Silva José Fernando Siqueira
Published: March 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo abordar as tendências teóricas do trabalho social cubano a partir do início da transição socialista na Ilha (janeiro de 1959). Para tanto, recupera aspectos da história mais recente deste país e situa a importância do movimento 26 de julho (M-26-7) que lutou contra a ditadura de Fulgencio Batista que culminou como a transição socialista e a reestruturação do trabalho social em Cuba. Destaca, ainda, as principais inspirações teórico-políticas que têm orientado o sentido do trabalho social cubano nos últimos 25 anos, suas diversas tendências, seus elementos constituintes, suas teses centrais. Analisa, por fim, com base nesse estudo, os limites e as potencialidades para consolidar uma formação universitária profissional crítica na Ilha, fiel à tradição socialista nela construída e caudatária de suas experiências militantes e progressistas.
Tendências atuais no ensino dos Fundamentos do Serviço Social
Authors: Goin Marileia
Published: March 2020

O artigo, fruto da pesquisa de pós-doutoramento, analisa o ensino dos Fundamentos do Serviço Social, considerando as tendências atuais relativas à formação em nível brasileiro e as expressas na operacionalidade formativa no âmbito das Unidades de Formação Acadêmica. Trata-se de pesquisa documental, realizada nos Projetos Pedagógicos dos Cursos selecionados das Regiões Sul, Sudeste e Centro Oeste. A definição da amostra deu-se a partir da demarcação da instituição presencial mais antiga em cada região, com trajetória consolidada no âmbito da graduação e da pós-graduação. Os resultados apontam que apesar de a formação presencial em Serviço Social dar-se, tendencialmente, em instituições de natureza privada e concentrada na Região Sudeste do Brasil, percebe-se que o ensino dos Fundamentos se assentam no caráter dialético e ontológico, próprios do cariz marxiano, com notórios esforços de abandono da concepção tricotômica entre história, teoria e método.
The Novelty of Ayahuasca Scale and the prediction of intentions to use
Authors: Altman Brianna R. , Mian M. N. , Earleywine M.
Published: March 2020

Objective

Given the growing popularity of ayahuasca and other hallucinogens, we sought to identify related expectancies and their role in why people might use this psychoactive brew rather than classic hallucinogens like LSD or psilocybin.

Method

Experienced users (N = 139) completed an online survey about their use of hallucinogens (including ayahuasca), how their ayahuasca experiences differed from those with other hallucinogens, as well as their intentions to use hallucinogens (including ayahuasca) in the future.

Results

Participants expected ayahuasca effects to differ meaningfully from the effects of other hallucinogens in multiple domains. Expected differences involved positive connections to nature (and other people), dramatic (or terrifying) thoughts, high variability of effects, and physical reactions. Intentions to use ayahuasca in the future increased as expectancies for positive connections increased, but decreased as physical reactions increased. One version of the full Novelty of Ayahuasca scale significantly covaried with the likelihood of using ayahuasca over other hallucinogens in the future, while another version did not. This result calls for further work examining how users perceive certain ayahuasca-induced effects.

Conclusions

These findings reveal that expectancies for ayahuasca differ from those for other hallucinogens, and impact an individual's willingness to try the substance again. Understanding these differences might help those who are interested in the therapeutic potential of hallucinogens decide among those available. Future studies might examine how these expectancies predict intentions to use ayahuasca (and other hallucinogens) longitudinally. Comparable approaches could also identify unique expectancies for other hallucinogens to see if those predict a preference for one over others.
Comparing the hand grip power and creatine kinase levels of U-17 judo national team athletes before and after a 6-week strength training
Authors: Soyal Mehmet , Çelik Nuri M.
Published: March 2020

Background and Study Aim. The aim of this study is to compare the hand grip power and creatine kinase levels of male and female U-17 National Team Athletes before and after a 6-week strength training.
Material and Methods. 15 female and 15 male U-17 athletes, who previously participated in international competitions, participated in our study. Besides the hand grip power and creatine kinase values, age, height, weight, and BMI (body mass index) values of the athletes were measured before and after the training. As the conclusion of the measurements, the mean age of the female participant athletes was determined as 14,93 years, their mean height was 158,3 cm, and the mean age of the male athletes was 15,73 years, while their mean height was 173,1 cm.
Results: As the conclusion of the measurements, it was determined that there were statistically significant differences between the right hand grip power and left hand grip power parameters of male and female participant athletes measured before and after the 6-week training. Moreover, it was determined that there were statistically significant differences between the pre-test and post-test measurements of creatine kinase values of both male and female athletes (p> 0,05).
Conclusions. As the conclusion, it was determined that the 6-week strength trainings applied to U-17 Judo National Team athletes caused significant changes in their hand grip power and creatine kinase values. The significant results obtained from our study are considered to be originated from the duration, scope, frequency, severity, and content of the training.
Differences in body composition between young soccer players (U19) members of the best soccer clubs in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and North Macedonia
Authors: Gardasevic Jovan , Bjelica Dusko , Vasiljevic Ivan , Masanovic Bojan
Published: March 2020

Background and Study Aim: The aim of this research was to determine the differences between the young soccer players (U19) in terms of anthropometric characteristics and body composition. We considered players of three the most successful clubs in three countries of the southern region of the Balkan Peninsula. Material and Methods: The first sub-sample of the subjects was consisted of 19 players of FC Radnicki from Serbia of the average age 17.84±.37. The second sub-sample was consisted of 19 players of FC Sarajevo from Bosnia and Herzegovina of the average age of 17.53±.51. The last sub-sample of the examinees was consisted of 13 players of FC Shkupi from North Macedonia of the average age 18.00±.00. Anthropometric characteristics in the body composition were evaluated by a battery of 11 variables. The significance of the differences between the young soccer players in the anthropometric characteristics and variables for assessing body composition were determined by ANOVA and LSD Post Hoc test. Results: The young soccer players of the three mentioned clubs have statistically significant differences by the two variables that estimate fat percentage and muscle mass. The young soccer players of FC Radnicki are significantly better in variable fat percentage than other players. The young soccer players of FC Skhupi have significantly less muscle mass than other players. Conclusions: The results can be useful for coaches of other clubs for making a comparison of their soccer players with the young soccer players in this research.
The roots of the city. Creative food systems in European small towns
Authors: Delgado-Serrano Maria Mar , Zafra Antonio , Sousa Miguel
Published: March 2020

Resumo
Esta comunicação apresenta os resultados do projeto AGRI-URBAN financiado pela UE, onde um grupo de onze cidades europeias de pequena e média dimensão, com uma especialização relativa na produção agroalimentar, explorou formas de repensar os seus sistemas alimentares. O projeto teve um liderança politica alicerçada num conjunto de atores locais interessados no sector agroalimentar que participaram nas diferentes fases do projeto, nomeadamente: planeamento e implementação. Os principais objetivos do projeto foi desenvolver um sistema inclusivo, coerente e reflexivo de governança alimentar rural-urbana, através de: planos de ação integrados; criar uma infra-estrutura social e física mais sólida para reduzir a distância entre produtores e consumidores, promovendo assim uma economia circular; criar mercados fiáveis para produtores de alimentos de qualidade, resultando em novas oportunidades para o desenvolvimento das PME; experimentar novas formas de empreendedorismo no sector agrícola e criar novos postos de trabalho e competências ligados ao sistema agroalimentar. Uma das mais valias do projeto foi facilitar a troca de conhecimento e aprendizagem entre cidades através de uma série de visitas "transnacionais" que permitiram aos parceiros do projeto participar em grupos de discussões e desenvolver um entendimento mais aprofundado do tema, bem como experienciar exemplos concretos que estão em pratica nas diferentes cidades e criar oportunidades de networking. A comunicação evidencia as diferentes iniciativas de nível local e de “bottom-up” que as cidades ativaram por meio de processos inovadores, novos modelos e estratégias de negócios, organizados em torno de quatro tópicos transversais: Garantindo curtos-circuitos; Uso inteligente da terra; Desenvolvimento de negócios de PMEs e compras públicas locais, e como estas iniciativas foram articuladas em agendas alimentares urbanas sustentáveis.
Uma leitura territorial e escalar dos processos inovadores da transição agroecológica em dois municípios do Vale do Paraíba e do Litoral Norte de São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Wojciechowski Maciej John , Favareto Arilson , Moreira Rojo Vega Silvia , Fernandes Pinto Viegas Isabel
Published: March 2020

A aplicação das teorias de transição sociotécnica às práticas dos Sistemas Agroalimentares Alternativos (SAA) tem permitindo aprofundar o entendimento dos processos de inovação desencadeados pela rede de atores durante a transição agroecológica. Contudo estes modelos frequentemente reduzem a escala e o território a repositórios estáticos de ativos e passivos que determinam a escala do nicho agroecológico em relação ao regime alimentar corporativo dominante. Na tentativa de superar a leitura dual e de captar a multidimensionalidade da inovação implícita nos processos de transição agroecológica apresentamos um modelo analítico formulado a partir da articulação conceitual de elementos constitutivos da teoria das configurações territoriais, da construção social de mercados agroecológicos, da governança reflexiva e da escala como ação social estratégica. Aplicamos este modelo à análise das transições agroecológicas em curso em dois municípios do Vale do Paraíba e do Litoral Norte de São Paulo. Evidenciamos que as inovações tecnológicas e a geração de novos conhecimentos no processo de transição são tributárias das habilidades sociais dos atores envolvidos na construção de coalizões sociais amplas e de arenas reflexivas de governança capazes de traduzir os novos conhecimentos socio-técnicos disponíveis em práticas concretas, abrindo assim os espaços de manobra da transição agroecológica com inclusão produtiva da agricultura familiar.
As dimensões do conhecimento agroecológico: a experiência dos agricultores familiares assentados em Viamão, RS
Authors: Preiss Potira Viegas
Published: March 2020

A agroecologia tem sido debatida em nível internacional como uma referência para a construção de sistemas alimentares mais sustentáveis, se tornando o foco de centros de pesquisa e agências de desenvolvimento. No entanto, é importante considerar que a transição agroecológica passa necessariamente por um processo de construção de conhecimentos por parte dos atores sociais que a protagonizam. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar e discutir as dimensões do conhecimento agroecológico vivenciado pelos agricultores familiares vinculados ao Assentamento Filhos de Sepé em Viamão, RS. Os dados são fruto de uma pesquisa qualitativa e tem como referencial teórico-analítico abordagens relacionais do conhecimento que compreendem este como o resultado de um processo integral e dinâmico da interação dos seres no mundo. Através de observação participante, entrevistas e construção colaborativa de ilustrações pode-se identificar três dimensões pelas quais o conhecimento agroecológico dos agricultores tem sido construído: a lavoura, o corre e o habitar. Essas dimensões se interpõem e entrelaçam no cotidiano vivido pelos assentados, criando uma série de interfaces e contribuindo para que possam realizar suas atividades produtivas e reprodutivas. Os resultados demonstram um processo de conhecimento complexo, multidisciplinar e heterogêneo que emerge a partir de experiência prática de engajamento dos agricultores com o mundo, rompendo com dicotomias clássicas sobre a relação sociedade-natureza e a agricultura receituária. O contexto agrícola atual requer agricultores familiares multifacetados, em que as habilidades de manejo de cultivos são apenas uma entre as funções desempenhadas, fazendo com que diferentes aprendizados precisem ser desenvolvidos. A troca de saberes é altamente relevante, seja entre seus pares, técnicos, pesquisadores ou ainda os não humanos com quem interagem cotidianamente.
Laboratory Protocols of RT-PCR analysis of viruses in four bee species collected from agricultural, urban, and natural landscapes v1
Authors: Olgun Tugce , Wu-Smart Judy
Published: March 2020

Managed honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) and wild bees provide critical ecological services that shape and sustain natural, agricultural, and urban landscapes. In recent years, declines in bee populations have highlighted the importance of the pollination services they provide and the need for more research into the reasons for global bee losses. Several stressors cause declining populations of managed and wild bee species such as habitat degradation, pesticide exposure, and pathogens. Viruses, which have been implicated as a key stressor, are able to infect a wide range of species and can be transmitted both intra- and inter-specifically from infected bee species to uninfected bee species via vertical (from parent to offspring) and/or horizontal (between individuals via direct or indirect contact) transmission. To explore how viruses spread both intra- and inter-specifically within a community, we examined the impact of management, landscape type, and bee species on the transmission of four common viruses in Nebraska: DWV, IAPV, BQCV, and SBV. Results indicated the prevalence of viruses is significantly affected (P < 0.005) by bee species, virus type, and season, but not by landscape or year (P = 0.290 and 0.065 respectively). The higher prevalence of DWV detected across bee species (10.4 % on Apis mellifera, 5.3 % on Bombus impatiens, 6.1 % on Bombus griseocollis, and 22.44 % on Halictus ligatus) and seasons (10.8 % in early-mid summer and 11.4 % in late summer) may indicate a higher risk of interspecific transmission of DWV. However, IAPV was predominately detected in Halictus ligatus (20.7 %) and in late season collections (28.1 %), which may suggest species-specific susceptibility and seasonal trends in infection rates associated with different virus types. However, limited detection of IAPV and BQCV on species were observed in both early-mid summer and late summer.
PEMANFAATAN SARANA PRASARANA KERJA, SELF CAPACITY BUILDING , DAN KINERJA TENAGA ADMINISTRASI SEKOLAH
Authors: Achmadwati Winda , Meirawan Danny , Rahyasih Yayah
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pemanfaatan sarana prasarana kerja dan self capacity building terhadap kinerja tenaga administrasi sekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif yang dilakukan terhadap 109 tenaga administrasi sekolah. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, pemanfaatan sarana prasarana berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja tenaga administrasi sekolah pada kategori sangat tinggi. Hal ini dapat dijelaskan dari tingginya hubungan kedua dimensi pemanfaatan sarana prasarana kerja terhadap kinerja yang diukur yaitu berdasarkan prinsip dan fungsi sarana prasarana kerja. Self capacity building juga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja tenaga administrasi sekolah meskipun berpengaruh pada kategori sedang. Hal ini teridentifikasi dari rendahnya hubungan lima indikator self capacity building terhadap kinerja tenaga administrasi sekolah yang diukur, yaitu workshop, seminar, courses, co-operative collegial development, dan skill development model. Pemerintah hendaknya lebih memperhatikan ketersediaan, kelayakan dan kenyamanan sarana prasarana kerja serta mengadakan berbagai pelatihan yang ditujukan untuk tenaga administrasi sekolah dalam upaya meningkatkan capacity building tenaga administrasi sekolah dapat bekerja.
EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM KEPENGAWASAN MADRASAH BERDASARKAN KEPATUHAN DAN KOMPETENSI PENGAWAS
Authors: Supadi Supadi
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kompetensi, tingkat kepatuhan, efektifitas kinerja pengawas madrasah dan pelaksanaan program kepengawasan madrasah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kausal komparatif (Causal-Comparative Research) dengan unit analisis yang diteliti adalah pengawas madrasah yang terdapat di wilayah Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang dan Bekasi dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 150 pengawas madrasah. Alat uji yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji asumsi klasik yang meliputi uji normalitas, uji multikolonieritas, uji heteroskedastisitas dan uji linearitas. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi sederhana dan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan hasil analisis jalur diperoleh hasil, terdapat pengaruh positif kepatuhan pengawas terhadap kinerja pengawas, kompetensi pengawas terhadap kinerja pengawas, kepatuhan pengawas terhadap efektivitas pelaksanaan program kepengawasan dan kompetensi pengawas terhadap efektivitas pelaksanaan program kepengawasan madrasah serta kinerja pengawas terhadap efektivitas pelaksanaan program kepengawasan madrasah diwilayah Jabodetabek.
MANAJEMEN PENGEMBANGAN MUTU SEKOLAH
Authors: Priatna Asep
Published: March 2020

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji ”Manajemen Pengembangan Mutu Sekolah” khususnya dalam mengkaji faktorfaktor kepemimpinan kepala, fasilitas belajar, pendanaan dan partisipasi masyarakat terhadap implementasi rencana stratejik sekolah, dan pengembangan mutu sekolah pada Sekolah Menengah Pertama. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuantitatif, dengan metode survey dengan penjelasan yang mendalam (explanatory survey method), responden dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, guru yang memperoleh tugas tambahan sebagai wakil kepala sekolah dan pengurus komite sekolah, dengan jumlah keseluruhan sebanyak 245 orang yang tersebar pada 35 sekolah menengah pertama (SMP) di Kabupaten Subang, yang memiliki akreditasi A dan B. Penjaringan data menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis korelasi ganda (multiple correlation analysis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan kepala sekolah memberikan kontribusi yang positif dan signifikan terhadap peningkatan mutu sekolah, implementasi rencana stratejik sekolah berkontribusi secara positif dan signifikan terhadap peningkatan mutu sekolah, fasilitas belajar berkontribusi secara positif dan signifikan terhadap peningkatan mutu sekolah, pendanaan berkontribusi secara positif dan signifikan terhadap peningkatan mutu sekolah, partisipasi masyarakat berkontribusi secara positif dan signifikan terhadap peningkatan mutu sekolah.