bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Upper airway surgery benefits patients with obstructive sleep apnoea who cannot tolerate nasal continuous positive airway pressure
Authors: Souter Melanie A. , Stevenson Scott , Sparks Bryn , Drennan Chris
Published: April 2004

Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the mainstay of treatment for patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). However, tolerance and compliance are poor.

An audit using the Christchurch Hospital ORL surgery database identified patients who underwent upper airway surgery for OSA. Tracheostomy and bimaxillary advancement patients were excluded. Adults with moderate to severe OSA (Desaturation Index (DI) >10 n.h-1), who had failed atrial of nasal CPAP, and had pre-operative and post-operative sleep study data were identified. Objective (DI) and Subjective (Epworth Sleepiness Score (ESS)) outcome measures were recorded.

The database identified 69 patients who underwent surgery for snoring or OSA; of these, 25 patients formed the study group. Sixteen out of 25 improved (64 per cent) after surgery, seven out of 25 showed no change (28 per cent), two patients (eight per cent) showed deterioration in their DI. Forty-eight per cent of patients had >50 per cent post-operative improvement in DI. Fourteen out of 25 (56 per cent) had a post-operative DI <20 n.h-1. Seven out of 25 (28 per cent) had a post-operative DI <10 n.h-1. Upper airway surgery has a role in the managementof selected patients with OSA who cannot tolerate nasal CPAP.
Paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea: is a polysomnogram always necessary?
Authors: Pang Kenny Peter , Balakrishnan Abhilash
Published: April 2004

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common entity in children, most present with sleep disturbances such as snoring, choking during sleep, enuresis, restless sleep, or apnoeic spells. Other symptoms include poor school performance, hyperactivity, failure to thrive,heart failure and cor pulmonale. Most authors would concur that the polysomnogram (PSG) is the gold standard for the diagnosis of OSA, and that adenotonsillectomy is the surgical procedure of choice, with high curative rates and relatively low morbidity. Close post-operative monitoring of all children with OSA cannot be over-emphasized. The focus has been, traditionally, to anticipate post-operative airway and respiratory complications in this group of children. We present 73 children with clinical OSA and 36 children with proven OSA on PSG, with only one child having respiratory complications (mixed apnoea), and all with uneventful recovery. In view of ourlow complication rates, low post-operative morbidity, cost and facility factor, the need for a mandatory overnight PSG pre-operatively is questioned, and clinical criteria for performing a PSG preoperatively are suggested.
Determination of the changes in the hypoglossal nerve function after suspension laryngoscopy with needle electromyography of the tongue
Authors: Cinar Ugur , Akgul Gokhan , Seven Huseyin , Celik Munevver , Cinar Surhan , Dadas Burhan
Published: April 2004

The purpose of this study was to determine changes in the hypoglossal nerve function after suspension laryngoscopy with needle electromyography of the tongue. This study also attempted to determine the possible relationship between the predictive factors of intubation difficulty by using the intubation difficulty scale, which was introduced by Adnet et al., duration of suspension laryngoscopy and changes in hypoglossal nerve function after suspension laryngoscopy. The study was performed on 39 patients who underwent suspension laryngoscopy for benign glottic pathology. Pre-operative airway assessment was evaluated by the intubation difficulty scale and the duration of suspension laryngoscopy was recorded. Needle electromyography of the tongue was performed three or four weeks after the suspension laryngoscopy. After needle electromyography of the tongue, increased polyphasia was found in 13 patients (33 per cent), bilaterally in three of them. The interference pattern was reduced in two of these 13 patients. There was no statistically significant difference in predictive factors of intubation difficulty and the duration of the operation between these 13 patients with increased polyphasiaand the remaining 26 patients with completely normal electromyography findings. These findings show that, in spite of normal clinical tongue function, subclinical changes can be detected by needle electromyography of the tongue after suspension laryngoscopy.
Use of a ureteric pigtail stent as a self-retaining frontal sinus stent
Authors: Hughes J. P. , Rowe-Jones J.
Published: April 2004

There have been many frontal sinus stents described in the medical literature. Here we describe the first application of a ureteric pigtail stent to an extensively operated frontal sinus and lateral mucocele cavity. There are two properties of the design of this stent that make it ideal for this case. Firstly, it is self-retaining, eliminating the need for fixation sutures. Secondly, the stent has a considerable available length (220-300 mm between pigtails), allowing ventilation of a distant mucocele cavity.
Optimization of a Microphone for Photoacoustic Spectroscopy
Authors: Wilcken Klaus , Kauppinen Jyrki
Published: April 2004

The principles of optimizing a microphone for a photoacoustic detector in the nonresonant mode of operation are presented. Performance of the constructed optical cantilever microphone is compared to the commercial electret microphone by measuring the photoacoustic spectrum of methane with both systems. The sensitivity of the presented photoacoustic detector in the nonresonant mode of operation is 100 times higher with the optical cantilever microphone than with the electret microphone.
A Syntaxin 1, Gαo, and N-Type Calcium Channel Complex at a Presynaptic Nerve Terminal: Analysis by Quantitative Immunocolocalization
Authors: Li Qi , Lau Anthony , Morris Terence J. , Guo Lin , Fordyce Christopher B. , Stanley Elise F.
Published: April 2004

Presynaptic CaV2.2 (N-type) calcium channels are subject to modulation by interaction with syntaxin 1 and by a syntaxin 1-sensitive GαOG-protein pathway. We used biochemical analysis of neuronal tissue lysates and a new quantitative test of colocalization by intensity correlation analysis at the giant calyx-type presynaptic terminal of the chick ciliary ganglion to explore the association of CaV2.2 with syntaxin 1 and GαO. CaV2.2 could be localized by immunocytochemistry (antibody Ab571) in puncta on the release site aspect of the presynaptic terminal and close to synaptic vesicle clouds. Syntaxin 1 coimmunoprecipitated with CaV2.2 from chick brain and chick ciliary ganglia and was widely distributed on the presynaptic terminal membrane. A fraction of the total syntaxin 1 colocalized with the CaV2.2 puncta, whereas the bulk colocalized with MUNC18-1. GαO,whether in its trimeric or monomeric state, did not coimmunoprecipitate with CaV2.2, MUNC18-1, or syntaxin 1. However, the G-protein exhibited a punctate staining on the calyx membrane with an intensity that varied in synchrony with that for both Ca channels and syntaxin 1 but only weakly with MUNC18-1. Thus, syntaxin 1 appears to be a component of two separate complexes at the presynaptic terminal, a minor one at the transmitter release site with CaV2.2 and GαO, as well as in large clusters remote from the release site with MUNC18-1. These syntaxin 1 protein complexes may play distinct roles in presynaptic biology.
Intracellular Domains of a Rat Brain GABA Transporter That Govern Transport
Authors: Hansra Nina , Arya Shruti , Quick Michael W.
Published: April 2004

Plasma membrane neurotransmitter transporters determine in part the concentration, time course, and diffusion of extracellular transmitter. Much has been learned about how substrate translocation through the transporter occurs; however, the precise way in which transporter structure maps onto transporter function has not yet been fully elucidated. Here, biochemical and electrophysiological approaches were used to test the hypothesis that intracellular domains of the rat brain GABA transporter (GAT1) contribute to the transport process. Injection of a peptide corresponding to the presumed fourth intracellular loop of the transporter (IL4) into oocytes expressing GAT1 greatly reduced both forward and reverse transport and reduced the transport rate in a dose-dependent manner. Coinjection of the IL4 peptide with a peptide corresponding to the N-terminal cytoplasmic tail of GAT1 reversed the IL4-mediated inhibition; this reversal, and direct binding between these two domains, was prevented by mutagenesis of charged residues in either the IL4 or N-terminal domains. Furthermore, syntaxin 1A, a solubleN-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) protein that inhibits GAT1 transport rates via interactions with the N-terminal tail of GAT1 was unable to regulate the GAT1 IL4 mutant. Together, these data suggest a model in which the GAT1 IL4 domain serves as a barrier for transport, and this barrier can be regulated through intra-molecular and inter-molecular interactions.
Verge: A Novel Vascular Early Response Gene
Authors: Regard Jean B. , Scheek Sigrid , Borbiev Talaibek , Lanahan Anthony A. , Schneider Armin , Demetriades Anna-Maria , Hiemisch Holger , Barnes Carol A. , Verin Alexander D. , Worley Paul F.
Published: April 2004

Vascular endothelium forms a continuous, semipermeable barrier that regulates the transvascular movement of hormones, macromolecules, and other solutes. Here, we describe a novel immediate early gene that is expressed selectively in vascular endothelial cells,verge(vascular early response gene). Verge protein includes an N-terminal region of ∼70 amino acids with modest homology (∼30% identity) to Apolipoprotein L but is otherwise unique. Verge mRNA and protein are induced selectively in the endothelium of adult vasculature by electrical or chemical seizures. Verge expression appears to be responsive to local tissue conditions, because it is induced in the hemisphere ipsilateral to transient focal cerebral ischemia. In contrast to the transient expression in adult, Verge mRNA and protein are constitutively expressed at high levels in the endothelium of developing tissues (particularly heart) in association with angiogenesis. Verge mRNA is induced in cultured endothelial cells by defined growth factors and hypoxia. Verge protein is dramatically increased by cysteine proteinase inhibitors, suggesting rapid turnover, and is localized to focal regions near the periphery of the cells. Endothelial cell lines that stably express Verge form monolayers that show enhanced permeability in response to activation of protein kinase C by phorbol esters. This response is accompanied by reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and the formation of paracellular gaps. These studies suggest that Verge functions as a dynamic regulator of endothelial cell signaling and vascular function.
Differential Maturation of Climbing Fiber Innervation in Cerebellar Vermis
Authors: Nishiyama Hiroshi , Linden David J.
Published: April 2004

Folding of the brain surface is a general morphological adaptation to maximize surface area in a limited cranial volume. Surface folding is present not only in the neocortex but also in the cerebellar cortex. This folding creates subdivisions of the cortical surface: the sulci, the gyri, and the straight bank region, which is interposed. Is cortical folding only the solution to a surface-volume problem or does it also confer functional differences on the subdivisions that are created by this geometry? Here we have used the innervation of Purkinje cells by climbing fibers as a model system to explore potential functional differences. Purkinje cells are innervated by multiple climbing fibers at birth but undergo an activity-dependent refinement, such that by postnatal day (P) 21, most are contacted by a single climbing fiber. Using whole-cell recording from slices of cerebellar vermis derived from juvenile (P18-25) or adult (P60-83) mice, we found that significantly more Purkinje cells in the sulcus were innervated by multiple climbing fibers than in the gyrus or bank subdivisions; however, the basic properties of climbing fiber-Purkinje cell EPSCs such as kinetics, amplitude, and paired-pulse ratio were similar across cortical subdivisions. To search for a morphological correlate of differential multiple climbing fiber innervation, we labeled climbing fibers and performed reconstructions of immunofluorescent images. These revealed that, unlike the bank-gyrus subdivisions, most of the climbing fibers in the sulcus do not innervate the superficial molecular layer. These findings suggest that the subdivisions of the cerebellar cortex produced by folding may create functionally distinct entities.
High resolution X-ray diffraction of MOVPE-grown ZnO/GaN/sapphire layers
Authors: Deiter Steffi , Witek Helvi , Oleynik Nikolay , Bläsing Jürgen , Dadgar Armin , Krost Alois
Published: April 2004

High quality ZnO is an interesting material for electronic and optoelectronic applications. It belongs to the wide gap semiconductors (bandgap = 3.3 eV). In this paper we present ZnO layers grown by MOVPE (metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy). Several growth parameters like growth temperature and thickness of the layer were varied. For comprehensive investigations of the crystalline quality we employed different X-ray fine structure methods.
Imaging plates – a new life for electron diffraction structure analysis
Authors: Zhukhlistov Anatoliy P. , Nickolsky Maxim S. , Zvyagin Boris B. , Avilov Anatolij S. , Kulygin Alexey K. , Nicolopoulos Stavros , Ochs Rainer
Published: April 2004

The use of Imaging Plates (IP) signifies great progress for electron diffraction structure analysis (EDSA). This is evidenced and verified in case of brucite Mg(OH)2 studied earlier by means of electron diffractometry. Actual problems and real perspectives in the development of EDSA based on IP are outlined.
Periodontal Disease and Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: J. Genco Robert
Published: April 2004

Diabetes mellitus, type 1 and 2, are well established as increasing the risk for severe periodontal disease. Periodontal disease has an earlier onset and is more severe in diabetic patients, especially those who are poorly controlled metabolically. The mechanisms are unclear; however, possibilities include a generalized hyperinflammatory response associated with advanced glycation endproducts, triggering inflammatory cells. Other mechanisms include altered vascular physiology, reduced immune response (particularly protective immune responses by neutrophils), and reduced ability for tissues to heal. The clinical consequences of the increased susceptibility of diabetic patients are that periodontal disease will be better managed in diabetic patients who are well‐controlled diabetically. Intense monitoring, prevention, and early treatment are often necessary for those suffering from diabetes, to prevent the ravaging effects of periodontal disease. Periodontal infections also worsen glycemic control in diabetic patients. It appears that aggressive periodontal therapy, especially using adjunctive systemic antibiotics, is effective in treating periodontal disease in diabetic patients, and results in reduced glycated hemoglobin. Further studies are needed to determine the extent to which this reduction in glycated hemoglobin can be maintained and the subsequent effects, if any, on other diabetic complications.
Polysaccharides
Authors: Rinaudo M. , Auzely R. , Mazeau K.
Published: April 2004

In this article the basis of mono‐ and polysaccharide nomenclature is presented before introducing the general methods for polysaccharide structural analysis. The use of NMR as experimental technique for structure elucidation and that of SEC multidetection for macromolecular characteristics are pointed out. The molecular modeling bases for mono‐, oligo‐, and polysaccharides behavior prediction are developed and few examples are mentioned. Then, the different natural polysaccharides are briefly discussed with plant polysaccharides (cellulose, starch, hemicelluloses, galactomannans, pectins), seaweed polysaccharides (alginates, carrageenans), mammalian polysaccharides (glycogen, chitin, and proteoglycans), glycoconjugates, and glycopolymers, and synthetic polysaccharides. Concerning cellulose and starch, their more important derivatives are also briefly described owing to their economic importance. The importance of glycopolymers, resulting from the synthesis of perfectly controlled chemical structures adapted to specific recognition, is introduced as it becomes a very important topic for specialists of carbohydrate chemistry. Evolution of knowledge in specific modifications of saccharides and enzyme control has allowed the proposal of new routes to obtain synthetic polysaccharides or analogues which will be of great help for medical applications.
Impact of personnel allocation on deterministic planning and scheduling
Authors: Majozi T. , Zhu (Frank) X. X.
Published: April 2004

The effect of personnel or operator allocation on batch plant scheduling is presented. The main challenge in dealing with operator allocation is the fact that operators tend to be more qualitative than quantitative, which renders traditional mathematical techniques inadequate. The scheduling model presented in this article takes into consideration the competency of selected and allocated operators. Also presented in this article is a new planning model to determine optimal scheduling time horizons on normal and penalized (holiday or weekend) days, concomitant with the corresponding shift patterns. The difference in basic and overtime payment is taken into account to determine the length of working time of each operator on a given day. Associated with the length of working time is the appropriate shift pattern, given that very long hours may justify more than one shift. The resultant integrated planning and scheduling model is decomposed by exploiting its block angular structure. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 50: 999–1016, 2004
Kinetic modeling of the photocatalytic degradation of air‐borne pollutants
Authors: Ibrahim H. , de Lasa H.
Published: April 2004

The photocatalytic conversion of organic model pollutants (acetone, acetaldehyde, and isopropanol) in a novel Photo‐CREC‐Air unit is considered. This photocatalytic unit features: (1) external near‐UV lamps placed in parabolic reflectors, (2) a basket supporting the irradiated glass mesh holding TiO2 loadings to achieve high photoconversion rates, and (3) a fluid flow pattern securing high gas velocities in the near‐mesh region. Given the high quantum efficiencies observed in Photo‐CREC‐Air and, as a result, the high prospects for this novel design, rate equations and associated mechanistic formulations are investigated. With this goal, a Langmuir–Hinshelwood model, involving a one‐site model pollutant mechanism, is considered. The associated kinetic parameters with the related statistical indicators are established, using least‐square nonlinear regression. It is found that this model is adequate for describing the photodegradation of acetone on both Degussa P25 and Hombikat UV‐100. It is also observed that the same type of reaction rate model is less adequate for the photodegradation of acetaldehyde and isopropanol, in particular, for predicting the formation of carbon dioxide. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J 50: 1017–1027, 2004
Prospective study comparing HR‐CGH and subtelomeric FISH for investigation of individuals with mental retardation and dysmorphic features and an update of a study using only HR‐CGH
Authors: Kirchhoff Maria , Pedersen Søren , Kjeldsen Eigil , Rose Hanne , Dunø Morten , Kølvraa Steen , Lundsteen Claes
Published: April 2004

In a prospective study 94 individuals with mental retardation (MR) and dysmorphic features with normal conventional karyotypes were investigated by both subtelomeric FISH and high resolution CGH (HR‐CGH) in order to compare the potential of the two techniques in this application. A total of 9.6% abnormalities were found with HR‐CGH and subtelomeric FISH, with HR‐CGH detecting 8.5% (95% CI: 4.4–15.9) and FISH 3.2% (95% CI: 1.2–9.0). Thus, the techniques complemented each other, however, the diagnostic yield appeared higher of HR‐CGH than of subtelomeric FISH, as most aberrations were interstitial. Another 330 individuals with MR and dysmorphic features with normal conventional karyotypes were investigated by HR‐CGH on a routine basis. When added to the analyses of the prospective study a total of 51/424 (12%; 95% CI: 9.3–15.5) abnormalities were found, of which the majority were interstitial. We conclude that HR‐CGH is well suited for routine screening for cryptic chromosomal imbalances in patients with MR and dysmorphic features. It is likely that the use of the technique in this application will reinforce the effort of defining new syndromes. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Trisomy 14pter → q21: A case with associated ovarian germ cell tumor and review of the literature
Authors: Lee‐Jones Lisa , Williams Tom , Little Elizabeth , Sampson Julian
Published: April 2004

We report a patient with trisomy X and a supernumerary marker chromosome. The marker chromosome was characterized by comparative genomic hybridization and shown to be derived from chromosome 14, resulting in trisomy for 14pter → q21. The karyotype was thus redefined as 48,XXX,+mar.rev ish enh(14pterq21). The patient presented with facial dysmorphism and a high‐pitched cry, exhibited severe developmental delay, and developed an aggressive ovarian immature teratoma. In this paper, we also review reports of 11 other patients with constitutional trisomy of the same chromosomal region. Previous studies have identified somatic gains of chromosome 14 in ovarian germ cell tumors. We propose that the constitutional gain of chromosomal 14 material may have predisposed to the development of this tumor. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular cytogenetic characterization of two small chromosome 8 derived supernumerary mosaic markers
Authors: Herry A. , Morel F. , Le Bris M.‐J. , Bellec V. , Lallaoui H. , Parent P. , De Braekeleer Marc
Published: April 2004

Two small supernumerary mosaic marker chromosomes (SMC) were identified by conventional cytogenetics, one prenatally, the other postnatally. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques, including 24‐color FISH, were applied to identify both SMCs and better characterize their constitution. Patient 1: a 29 year‐old man, whose wife had a spontaneous abortion, was found to have a small ring of the pericentromeric region of chromosome 8 (47,XY,+r(8)(p11q11)/46,XY). Patient 2: a 37 year‐old woman had amniocentesis. The fetus was found to have a SMC; its presence was confirmed postnatally. Several FISH techniques (24‐color, whole chromosome paints, centromeres, telomeres, band 8p22) led to the identification of a small analphoid marker. The marker was an inversion–duplication for part of the short arm of chromosome 8 (47,XY,+inv dup (8)(p23pter)/46,XY). The 24‐color FISH allowed us to conclude that both markers originated exclusively from chromosome 8. However, the structure and content of the markers were elucidated using other molecular cytogenetic techniques, showing their complementarity. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spondyloenchondrodysplasia: Clinical variability in three cases
Authors: Tüysüz Beyhan , Arapoglu Müjde , Üngür Savaş
Published: April 2004

Spondyloenchondrodysplasia is a very rare skeletal dysplasia in which multiple enchondromata exist in the metaphyses of the long bones with platyspondyly. We present three patients (two of them are sibs) with spondyloenchondrodysplasia. The first patient was a 10‐year‐old boy, who had short stature and enchondromatous‐like lesions in the metaphyses of the long bones and platyspondyly on radiography. His older sister (21‐years old) had received growth hormone therapy 12 years earlier due to short stature, and her radiological findings were similar but milder than her brother. Both the sibs had normal intelligence and no calcification of the basal ganglia. The third patient was a 6‐year‐old boy who had short stature, mental retardation, enchondromatous‐like lesions in the metaphyses of the long bones and platyspondyly. His cranial BT showed calcification of basal ganglia. The findings of the two sibs in the first family were compatible with spondyloenchondrodysplasia. The difference in clinical severity between the siblings shows the variability within the family. The third case with mental retardation and the presence of intracranial calcifications is compatible with spondyloenchondrodysplasia with basal ganglia calcification. In conclusion, we suggest that family screening and cranial imaging for the presence of intracranial calcifications should be considered in every patient with the diagnosis of spondyloenchondrodysplasia. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The effect of short, high intensity magnetic field pulses on the healing of skin wounds in rats
Authors: Milgram Joshua , Shahar Ron , Levin‐Harrus Tal , Kass Philip
Published: April 2004

The object of this study was to examine the effect of high intensity, short duration pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) on the healing of full thickness skin wounds in rats. Full thickness skin wounds were surgically created in two groups of Sprague–Dawley male rats. The rats were randomly divided into two groups, each containing 20 rats. Animals in the treatment group received treatments with the PEMF device on day 0, 3, 7, 9, 12, 14, 17, and 22, while the rats in the control group were subjected to the same procedure, but with the PEMF device not activated. Photographs of the surgically created wounds were obtained on day 0, 3, 7, 9, 12, 14, 17, and 22. Wound contraction (WC), wound epithelialization (WE), non‐healed wound, and contraction–epithelialization (CE) ratio were calculated for each wound. No significant difference was found between the two groups for the parameters of WC, WE, non‐healed wound, and CE ratio. A significant group × time interaction was found for WE and CE ratio. This type of PEMF did not have a significantly beneficial effect on wound healing. Wounds in the PEMF treated group were relatively less contracted and showed a compensatory increase in epithelialization in the early stages of wound repair. Bioelectromagnetics 25:271–277, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Antibody‐Catalyzed Benzoin Oxidation as a Mechanistic Probe for Nucleophilic Catalysis by an Active Site Lysine
Authors: Sklute Genia , Oizerowich Rachel , Shulman Hagit , Keinan Ehud
Published: April 2004

Aldolase antibody 24H6, which was obtained by reactive immunization against a 1,3‐diketone hapten, is shown to catalyze additional reactions, including H/D exchange and oxidation reactions. Comparison of the H/D exchange reaction at the α‐position of a wide range of aldehydes and ketones by 24H6 and by other aldolase antibodies, such as 38C2, pointed at the significantly larger size of the 24H6 active site. This property allowed for the catalysis of the oxidation of substituted benzoins to benzils by potassium ferricyanide. This reaction was used as a mechanistic probe to learn about the initial steps of the 24H6‐catalyzed aldol condensation reaction. The Hammett correlation (ρ=4.7) of log(kcat) versus the substituent constant, σ, revealed that the reaction involves rapid formation of a Schiff base intermediate from the ketone and an active site lysine residue. The rate‐limiting step in this oxidation reaction is the conversion of the Schiff base to an enamine intermediate. In addition, linear correlation (ρ=3.13) was found between log(KM) and σ, indicating that electronic rather than steric factors are dominant in the antibody–substrate binding phenomenon and confirming that the reversible formation of a Schiff base intermediate comprises part of the substrate‐binding mechanism.
N,N′‐Ethylenebis(pyridoxylideneiminato) and N,N′‐Ethylenebis(pyridoxylaminato): Synthesis, Characterization, Potentiometric, Spectroscopic, and DFT Studies of Their Vanadium(IV) and Vanadium(V) Complexes
Authors: Correia Isabel , Costa Pessoa Joāo , Duarte M. Teresa , Henriques Rui T. , Piedade M. Fátima M. , Veiros Luís F. , Jakusch Tamás , Kiss Tamás , Dörnyei Ágnes , Castro M. Margarida C. A. , Geraldes Carlos F. G. C. , Avecilla Fernando
Published: April 2004

The Schiff base N,N′‐ethylenebis(pyridoxylideneiminato) (H2pyr2en, 1) was synthesized by reaction of pyridoxal with ethylenediamine; reduction of H2pyr2en with NaBH4 yielded the reduced Schiff base N,N′‐ethylenebis(pyridoxylaminato) (H2Rpyr2en, 2); their crystal structures were determined by X‐ray diffraction. The totally protonated forms of 1 and 2 correspond to H6L4+, and all protonation constants were determined by pH‐potentiometric and 1H NMR titrations. Several vanadium(IV) and vanadium(V) complexes of these and other related ligands were prepared and characterized in solution and in the solid state. The X‐ray crystal structure of [VVO2(HRpyr2en)] shows the metal in a distorted octahedral geometry, with the ligand coordinated through the N‐amine and O‐phenolato moieties, with one of the pyridine‐N atoms protonated. Crystals of [(VVO2)2(pyren)2]⋅2 H2O were obtained from solutions containing H2pyr2en and oxovanadium(IV), where Hpyren is the “half” Schiff base of pyridoxal and ethylenediamine. The complexation of VIVO2+ and VVO2+ with H2pyr2en, H2Rpyr2en and pyridoxamine in aqueous solution were studied by pH‐potentiometry, UV/Vis absorption spectrophotometry, as well as by EPR spectroscopy for the VIVO systems and 1H and 51V NMR spectroscopy for the VVO2 systems. Very significant differences in the metal‐binding abilities of the ligands were found. Both 1 and 2 act as tetradentate ligands. H2Rpyr2en is stable to hydrolysis and several isomers form in solution, namely cis–trans type complexes with VIVO, and α‐cis‐ and β‐cis‐type complexes with VVO2. The pyridinium‐N atoms of the pyridoxal rings do not take part in the coordination but are involved in acid–base reactions that affect the number, type, and relative amount of the isomers of the VIVO–H2Rpyr2en and VVO2–H2Rpyr2en complexes present in solution. DFT calculations were carried out and support the formation and identification of the isomers detected by EPR or NMR spectroscopy, and the strong equatorial and axial binding of the O‐phenolato in VIVO and VVO2 complexes. Moreover, the DFT calculations done for the [VIVO(H2Rpyr2en)] system indicate that for almost all complexes the presence of a sixth equatorial or axial H2O ligand leads to much more stable compounds.
Selective Complexation and Transport of Europium Ions at the Interface of Vesicles
Authors: Marchi‐Artzner Valérie , Brienne Marie‐Josephe , Gulik‐Krzywicki Thaddée , Dedieu Jean‐Claude , Lehn Jean‐Marie
Published: April 2004

The aim of the present work was to design functionalized lipidic membranes that can selectively interact with lanthanide ions at the interface and to exploit the interaction between membranes induced by this molecular‐recognition process with a view to building up self‐assembled vesicles or controlling the permeability of the membrane to lanthanide ions. Amphiphilic molecules bearing a β‐diketone unit as head group were synthesized and incorporated into phospholipidic vesicles. Binding of EuIII ions to the amphiphilic ligand can lead to formation of a complex involving ligands of the same vesicle membrane (intravesicular complex) or of two different vesicles (intervesicular complex). The effect of EuIII ions on vesicle behavior was studied by complementary techniques such as fluorimetry, light scattering, and electron microscopy. The formation of an intravesicular luminescent Eu/β‐diketone ligand (1/2) complex was demonstrated. The linear increase in the binding constant with increasing concentration of ligands in the membrane revealed a cooperative effect of the ligands distributed in the vesicle membrane. The luminescence of this complex can be exploited to monitor the kinetics of complexation at the interface of the vesicles, as well as ion transport across the membrane. By encapsulation of 2,6‐dipicolinic acid (DPA) as a competing ligand which forms a luminescent Eu/DPA complex, the kinetics of ion transport across the membrane could be followed. These functional vesicles were shown to be an efficient system for the selective transport of EuIII ions across a membrane with assistance by β‐diketone ligands.
Catalytic Asymmetric Bromination and Chlorination of β‐Ketoesters
Authors: Marigo Mauro , Kumaragurubaran Nagaswami , Jørgensen Karl Anker
Published: April 2004

The first general catalytic asymmetric bromination and chlorination of β‐ketoesters has been developed. The reactions proceed for both acyclic and cyclic β‐ketoesters catalyzed by chiral bisoxazolinecopper(II) complexes giving the corresponding optically active α‐bromo‐ and α‐chloro‐β‐ketoesters in high yields and moderate to good enantioselectivities. For the optically active chlorinated products the isolated yields are in the range of 88–99 % and the enantiomeric excesses up to 77 % ee, while the optically active brominated adducts are formed in 70–99 % isolated yield and up to 82 % ee. Based on the absolute configuration of the optically active products, the face selectivity for the catalytic enantioselective halogenation is discussed based on a bidentate coordination of the β‐ketoester to the chiral catalyst and a X‐ray structure of chiral α,γ‐diketoesterenolatebisoxazolinecopper(II) complex.
Structural Refinement and Thermal Expansion of Hexaborides.
Authors: Chen Chun‐Hua , Aizawa Takashi , Iyi Nobuo , Sato Akira , Otani Shigeki
Published: April 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of GdCo6X6 (X: Ge, Sn) and TbCo6Ge6.
Authors: Szytula A. , Wawrzynska E. , Zygmunt A.
Published: April 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Probing the Electronic Structures of Ternary Perovskite and Pyrochlore Oxides Containing Sn4+ or Sb5+.
Authors: Mizoguchi Hiroshi , Eng Hank W. , Woodward Patrick M.
Published: April 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Kinetic Enzymatic Resolution of Cyclopropane Derivatives.
Authors: Pietruszka Joerg , Rieche Anja C. M. , Wilhelm Thorsten , Witt Andreas
Published: April 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Polymer‐Supported Ionic Liquids: Imidazolium Salts as Catalysts for Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions Including Fluorinations.
Authors: Kim Dong Wook , Chi Dae Yoon
Published: April 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
On Triazoles. Part 49. Synthesis of 5,6‐Dihydrothiazolo[3,2‐b][1,2,4]triazol‐2‐yl‐, 6,7‐Dihydro‐5H‐[1,2,4]triazolo[5,1‐b][1,3]thiazin‐2‐yl‐, and 5,6,7,8‐Tetrahydro[1,2,4]triazolo[5,1‐b] [1,3]thiazepin‐2‐yl‐isoquinolinium Salts
Authors: Prauda Ibolya , Reiter Jozsef
Published: April 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Spiro[4.5]decane and Bicyclo[4.3.0]nonane Ring Systems by Self‐Cyclization of (Z)‐ and (E)‐2‐(Trimethylsilylmethyl)pentadienal Derivative.
Authors: Kuroda Chiaki , Honda Shigenobu , Nagura Yuki , Koshio Hiroyuki , Shibue Taku , Takeshita Tokio
Published: April 2004

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New Chiral Ruthenium(II) Catalysts Containing 2,6‐Bis(4′‐(R)‐phenyloxazolin‐2′‐yl)pyridine (Ph‐Pybox) Ligands for Highly Enantioselective Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones.
Authors: Cuervo Dario , Gamasa M. Pilar , Gimeno Jose
Published: April 2004

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Reaction of Alkynes with Iodine Monochloride Revisited.
Authors: Bellina Fabio , Colzi Francesca , Mannina Luisa , Rossi Renzo , Viel Stephane
Published: April 2004

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An Alternative Route to Syntheses of Aryl Keto Acids in a Chloroaluminate Ionic Liquid.
Authors: Mohile Swapnil S. , Potdar Mahesh K. , Salunkhe Manikrao M.
Published: April 2004

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Syntheses and Structures of Azol‐1‐yl Derivatives of Nitronyl and Imino Nitroxides.
Authors: Tretyakov Eugene V. , Romanenko Galina V. , Ovcharenko Victor I.
Published: April 2004

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Efficient Aqueous‐Phase Heck and Suzuki Couplings of Aryl Bromides Using Tri(4,6‐dimethyl‐3‐sulfonatophenyl)phosphine Trisodium Salt (TXPTS).
Authors: Moore Lucas R. , Shaughnessy Kevin H.
Published: April 2004

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Transesterification/Acylation of Secondary Alcohols Mediated by N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysts.
Authors: Singh Rohit , Kissling Rebecca M. , Letellier Marie‐Anne , Nolan Steven P.
Published: April 2004

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Diastereoselective Reduction of Cyclopropenylcarbinol: New Access to anti‐Cyclopropylcarbinol Derivatives.
Authors: Zohar Elinor , Marek Ilan
Published: April 2004

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Unexpected Reaction of 2,3‐Epoxy Sulfonates: Novel Formation of Two Enones with Reversed Substituents at α‐ and β‐Positions from the Single Isomer.
Authors: Fujioka Hiromichi , Ohba Yusuke , Futamura Junko , Kita Yasuyuki
Published: April 2004

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Synthesis of Adamantyl‐Substituted Keto Esters
Authors: No B. I. , Butov G. M. , Mokhov V. M. , Parshin G. Yu.
Published: April 2004

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Novel Synthesis of 2‐Oxo‐3‐butynoates by Copper‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reaction of Terminal Alkynes and Monooxalyl Chloride.
Authors: Guo Minjie , Li Dao , Zhang Zhaoguo
Published: April 2004

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Interaction of Hydrazides of 2‐Aryl‐4‐methyl‐4‐cyclohexene‐1,1‐dicarboxylic Acids with Certain Heterocyclic Aldehydes.
Authors: Tetere Z. , Zicane D. , Ravina I. , Petrova M. , Gudriniece E.
Published: April 2004

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Facial Selectivity of the Sharpless Bromine‐Catalyzed Aziridination.
Authors: Schmitt Aaron C. , Smith Catherine M. , Voight Eric A. , O'Doherty George A.
Published: April 2004

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Diastereoselective Michael Addition of (S)‐Mandelic Acid Enolate to Nitroalkenes. Enantioselective Synthesis of α‐Hydroxy‐α,β‐diaryl‐γ‐lactams.
Authors: Blay Gonzalo , Fernandez Isabel , Monje Belen , Pedro Jose R.
Published: April 2004

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Reductive Methylation/Phosphorylation of 3,4‐Diazacyclopentadienone N‐Oxides with Trimethyl Phosphite.
Authors: Freeman Jeremiah P. , Guay Marc E.
Published: April 2004

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Synthesis of 2‐(1‐Alkoxyvinyl)oxazolidines by Condensation of 2‐Alkoxypropenals with 2‐Aminoalkanols and Ring—Chain Tautomerism of the Products.
Authors: Keiko N. A. , Funtikova E. A. , Stepanova L. G. , Chuvashev Yu. A. , Larina L. I.
Published: April 2004

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The Isoxazolidine—1,2,4‐Triazolidine‐3‐thione Tautomeric System.
Authors: Ershov A. Yu. , Koshmina N. V. , Mokeev M. V. , Gribanov A. V.
Published: April 2004

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New Rearrangement of Azofuroxans in an Oxidizing Medium.
Authors: Ovchinnikov Igor V. , Epishina Margarita A. , Molotov Sergey I. , Strelenko Yuri A. , Lyssenko Konstantin A. , Makhova Nina N.
Published: April 2004

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4,4‐Dialkyl‐Substituted N‐Methylmorpholinium 3,5‐Dicyano‐6‐oxo‐1,4,5,6‐tetrahydropyridine‐2‐thiolates and Some of Their Properties.
Authors: Dyachenko V. D. , Nikishin A. A. , Chernega A. N.
Published: April 2004

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3‐Trifluoromethyl‐ and 3‐Difluoromethyl‐thalidomides.
Authors: Osipov Sergej N. , Tsouker Pavel , Hennig Lothar , Burger Klaus
Published: April 2004

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Synthesis of New 4‐Nitrosophenyl‐1,4‐dihydropyridines of Pharmacological Interest.
Authors: Santander‐G. I. P. , Nunez‐Vergara Luis J. , Squella J. A. , Navarrete‐Encina P. A.
Published: April 2004

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Multicomponent One‐Pot Synthesis of Pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno[3,2‐b]pyridines as a Novel Approach to Condensed Pyridines.
Authors: Dotsenko Victor V. , Krivokolysko Sergey G. , Litvinov Victor P.
Published: April 2004

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Nitriles in Organic Synthesis: Synthesis of Pyrido[2,1‐b]benzothiazole Derivatives and Polyfunctionally‐Substituted Pyridines.
Authors: Zaki M. E. A. , Fadda A. A. , Samir K. , Amer F. A.
Published: April 2004

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Reactions of 4,7‐Dihydro‐1,2,4‐triazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidines with α,β‐Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Lipson Victoria V. , Ignatenko Irina V. , Desenko Sergey M. , Shishkina Svetlana V. , Shishkin Oleg V. , Komykhov Sergey A. , Logvinenko Natalya V. , Orlov Valery D. , Meier Herbert
Published: April 2004

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Synthesis of 2‐Arylimidazo[1,2‐a]pyrimidines by the Chichibabin Synthesis in Ionic Liquids.
Authors: Xu Danqian , Liu Baoyou , Zheng Mei
Published: April 2004

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Synthesis of Pyrimido[1,2‐a]benzimidazol‐4(10H)‐one Derivatives and Evaluation of Their Interactions with DNA.
Authors: Da Settimo A. , Primofiore G. , Da Settimo F. , Marini A. M. , Taliani S. , Salerno S. , Dalla Via L.
Published: April 2004

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Synthesis of 9‐Aryl‐6,6‐dimethyl‐5,6,7,9‐tetrahydro‐1,2,4‐triazolo [5,1‐b]quinazolin‐8(4H)ones.
Authors: Lipson V. V. , Desenko S. M. , Shirobokova M. G. , Borodina V. V.
Published: April 2004

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Reactions of 6‐(tert‐Butyl)‐3‐hydrazino‐1,2,4‐triazin‐5(2H)‐one with Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Mironovich L. M. , Ivanov M. A.
Published: April 2004

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Synthesis of 4H‐Tetrazolo[1,5‐a][1]benzazepines from the Baylis—Hillman Adducts of 2‐Azidobenzaldehyde.
Authors: Lee Chang Hoon , Song Young Seok , Cho Hyun In , Yang Je Woo , Lee Kee‐Jung
Published: April 2004

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Synthesis of 3‐Acetyl‐N‐aryl‐4‐diethylaminoselenet‐2(2H)‐imines from 4‐Diethylamino‐3‐butyn‐2‐one and Aryl Isoselenocyanates.
Authors: Atanassov Plamen K. , Linden Anthony , Heimgartner Heinz
Published: April 2004

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Intramolecular [4 + 3] Cycloadditions. Towards a Synthesis of Widdrol.
Authors: Harmata Michael , Kahraman Mehmet , Adenu Gilbert , Barnes Charles L.
Published: April 2004

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Heterocycle‐Fused Cyclohexylglycine Derivatives as Novel Dipeptidyl Peptidase‐IV Inhibitors.
Authors: Mastracchio Anthony , Parmee Emma R. , Leiting Barbara , Marsilio Frank , Patel Reshma , Thornberry Nancy A. , Weber Ann E. , Edmondson Scott D.
Published: April 2004

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Diastereoselective Synthesis of 5‐(Alditol‐1‐C‐yl)‐hydantoins and Their Use as Precursors of Polyhydroxylated‐α‐amino Acids.
Authors: Ulgheri Fausta , Orru Gianmauro , Crisma Marco , Spanu Pietro
Published: April 2004

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Stereospecific Access to β‐Mannosides from Glucose‐Derived 1,2‐Orthoesters as Glycosyl Donors.
Authors: Kaji Eisuke , Hosokawa Yugo , Watanabe Yusuke , Kobayashi Mina , Yamakawa Mayumi
Published: April 2004

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A Facile Total Synthesis of Rutaecarpine.
Authors: Chavan Subhash P. , Sivappa R.
Published: April 2004

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A Novel Synthetic Approach for the Synthesis of Pyridocarbazole Alkaloids.
Authors: Erguen Yavuz , Patir Sueleyman , Okay Guerol
Published: April 2004

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9‐(2‐Aryloxyethyl) Derivatives of Adenine — A New Class of Non‐Nucleosidic Antiviral Agents.
Authors: Petrov V. I. , Ozerov A. A. , Novikov M. S. , Pannecouque C. , Balzarini J. , De Clercq E.
Published: April 2004

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Diastereoselective Synthesis of Homo‐N,O‐nucleosides.
Authors: Chiacchio Ugo , Genovese Filippo , Iannazzo Daniela , Librando Vito , Merino Pedro , Rescifina Antonio , Romeo Roberto , Procopio Antonio , Romeo Giovanni
Published: April 2004

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Syntheses of Cystothiazole A and Its Stereoisomers: Importance of Stereochemistry for Antifungal Activity.
Authors: Ojika Makoto , Watanabe Tatsuya , Qi Jianhua , Tanino Tomoharu , Sakagami Youji
Published: April 2004

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Solid State, Crystal Engineering and Hydrogen Bonds
Authors: Aakeroy C. B. , Beatty A. M.
Published: April 2004

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Novel Palladium Catalytic Systems for Organic Transformations
Authors: Nishimura Takahiro , Uemura Sakae
Published: April 2004

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New Samarium Diiodide‐Induced Ketyl Couplings — From Analogous Reactions to Serendipitously Discovered Processes
Authors: Berndt Mathias , Gross Steffen , Hoelemann Alexandra , Reissig Hans‐Ulrich
Published: April 2004

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Merging the Potential of Microbial Genetics with Biological and Chemical Diversity: An Even Brighter Future for Marine Natural Product Drug Discovery
Authors: Salomon Christine E. , Magarvey Nathan A. , Sherman David H.
Published: April 2004

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Industrial Methods for the Production of Optically Active Intermediates
Authors: Breuer Michael , Ditrich Klaus , Habicher Tilo , Hauer Bernhard , Kesseler Maria , Stuermer Rainer , Zelinski Thomas
Published: April 2004

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Ionic Liquids — An Overview
Authors: Forsyth Stewart A. , Pringle Jennifer M. , MacFarlane Douglas R.
Published: April 2004

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Speeding Up Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Simon Bernd , Sattler Michael
Published: April 2004

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Endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration of lymph nodes: The Hennepin County Medical Center experience
Authors: Stelow Edward B. , Lai Rebecca , Bardales Ricardo H. , Mallery Shawn , Linzie Bradley M. , Crary Gretchen , Stanley Michael W.
Published: April 2004

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)‐guided fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) allows for the sampling and diagnosis of lesions of the gastrointestinal system and adjacent tissues. It has also proved helpful with the sampling of lymphadenopathy both for the staging of malignancy and for the diagnosis of lymphadenopathy of other causes. We review our experience with EUS‐guided FNA of lymph nodes. The cytology files were searched at Hennepin County Medical Center (HCMC) for all cases of lymph nodes sampled by EUS. Clinical history, biopsy site, diagnosis, and follow‐up information (including ancillary testing) were reviewed. Between January 1, 2000 and December 5, 2002, 217 lymph nodes from 185 different patients were sampled by EUS at HCMC. Biopsy sites included 62 mediastinal, 9 paraesophageal, and 146 intra‐abdominal lymph nodes. Diagnoses were as follows: metastatic non‐small cell carcinoma (n = 69); benign, reactive lymph node (n = 76); granulomatous lymphadenopathy (n = 18); malignant lymphoma (n = 7); atypical–suspicious for malignancy (n = 5); metastatic small cell carcinoma (n = 2); necrotic debris (n = 4), and foreign material (n = 1); 35 cases were nondiagnostic (16.1%) in 22 of 185 patients (11.9%). Ancillary tests including flow cytometry, cytogenetics, and cultures were performed. EUS‐guided FNA of mediastinal and intra‐abdominal lymph nodes provides diagnostic material from which ancillary testing may be performed. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2004;30:301–306. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.