bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
«Illusory feelings» as a structural element of the theory of imagination (based on the materials of «The Principles of Art» by R. G. Collingwood)
Authors: Ternova Maryna
Published: August 2024

It is noted that the thorough monograph of the famous English philosopher, historian of science, and art theorist R. G. Collingwood «The Principles of Art» consists of three «books», each of which covers a number of important issues of fundamental importance for history, art theory and cultural studies. From the point of view of time, it can be argued that R. G. Collingwood tried to link the content of the three «parts» of the monograph, emphasizing their overarching idea, i.e. the English scholar’s articulation of the integrity of the time dimensions «past — present». The phenomenon of «integrity» is the basis for harmonizing the theoretical material of all three «components» of the monograph «The Principles of Art».
It is emphasized that the problematics of one of the chapters of the second «book», i.e. «The Theory of Imagination» is the basis for this article, which uses the potential of general scientific methods of analysis, such as historicism, systematization, comparison and generalization of the problem under study. The stated methods are based on the principle of a parity approach, which allows taking into account the experience of many humanities, including cultural studies, philosophy, psychology, and art history.
It is emphasized that the analysis of both «illusory feelings» and a number of other related issues actualizes the problem of the conceptual and categorical apparatus, generally necessitating the argumentation of new concepts. «The Principles of Art» demonstrates, firstly, R. G. Collingwood’s constant interest in upgrading the means of researching humanitarian knowledge, secondly, his attempts not to destroy the connection between the Greco-Roman tradition of thinking and modern European humanism by preserving the basic conceptual and categorical structures, and thirdly, the constant use of samples of interpretation of «transcultural» concepts in European languages, which greatly complicates the research process of adapting Collingwood’s ideas.
The article proposes the author’s model of interpretation of the stated problems but takes into account the experience of R. G. Collingwood in the double operation of certain concepts, which in particular concerns the concept of «illusion», which means both the «illusion of play» and the structural element of the theory of imagination.
The historical and philosophical tradition of understanding segments of the heritage of R. Descartes and John Locke is recreated, and the historical and philosophical material is presented based on the principles of a personalized approach, which is defined as the cornerstone of the logic of cultural analysis.
Syrians in Post-Roman Britain: an Interdisciplinary Survey
Authors: Morozova Daria
Published: August 2024

The author reviews literature from various fields of archaeology, history, and linguistics, trying to gather scattered information about contacts between Post-Roman Britain and late Roman Syria. Archaeology shows that a significant part of all imports to Britain in the 5th-7th centuries came from Byzantium and arrived on the Island in Syrian/ Cilician amphorae (both regions were closely intertwined economically, culturally and religiously). Based on these findings and numerous written sources, historians conclude that Syrian merchants played a leading role in trade between Byzantium and Britain. Isotopic studies of the Post-Roman burials in Wales confirm the presence of migrants from the eastern Mediterranean on the island. Linguistic studies of British manuscripts testify to their live contacts with the Byzantines — and specifically the Syrians. This consistent evidence of the long-term presence of Syrians in post-Roman Britain makes it possible to speak with confidence about cultural contacts between Christians of Britain and the Antiochian Church.
Intangible cultural heritage in national and international legislation
Authors: Demian Valentyna
Published: August 2024

The paper analyses the international laws, particularly the legal corpus related to the intangible cultural heritage, reviews how the ICH safeguarding policies are developed, core terms like “intangible cultural heritage”, ICH domains and inventorying on the national level. The paper pays attention to the living heritage transmitted from one generation to another and has cultural and social meaning for communities needed to preserve identity and provide continuity of development. A special attention is paid to the impact of emergencies – climate changes, technological disasters, armed conflicts – for liveability of the intangible cultural heritage, means of its safeguarding. The paper observes efforts of some countries in building a system of national laws and programs for ICH safeguarding. Each country, as the paper has concluded, develops its own legislative framework for safeguarding of the living heritage while basing on the letter and the spirit of the Convention 2003.
Wat Uzan: Construcción Participativa del Tejido de Aprendizaje: Territorio, Autonomía Y Liderazgo, con la Comunidad Awá del Resguardo Gran Sábalo
Authors: Mueses Llanos John Jairo , Ortega Landazuri Paulo Emilio
Published: August 2024

El proyecto "Wat Uzan" se centra en la construcción del tejido de aprendizaje: "Territorio, Autonomía y Liderazgo", junto a la comunidad Awá del Resguardo Gran Sábalo. A través de una metodología inclusiva y participativa, se fortalecieron los saberes y sentires ancestrales de este pueblo indígena, fomentando así el wat uzan (buen vivir) desde su cosmovisión. Para alcanzar este objetivo, se aplicó una variedad de actividades y proyectos que incluyen talleres participativos, grupos focales y observación participante. Estas herramientas permitieron recopilar datos de manera holística y facilitar el diálogo intergeneracional, promoviendo la reflexión crítica y la colaboración activa dentro de la comunidad. Se destaca la influencia de la pedagogía de Paulo Freire en el enfoque educativo del proyecto, que enfatiza la importancia de la construcción colectiva del conocimiento y el empoderamiento de los participantes. Además, el proyecto reconoce la relevancia de preservar y promover la lengua Awapit, como parte fundamental de la identidad cultural y el patrimonio lingüístico de la comunidad. En resumen, Wat Uzan representa un esfuerzo integral y colaborativo para fortalecer los lazos comunitarios, promover la autodeterminación y revitalizar las prácticas culturales ancestrales dentro de la comunidad Awá del Resguardo Gran Sábalo.
Design and Implementation of Real-Time Sensors for Three-Phase Induction Motor Performance Monitoring using Internet of Thing (IoT)
Authors: Nundang Busaeri  , Hiron Nurul , Hendra Hendra , Sambas Aceng , Abdul Aziz Azwa , Mohamed Mohamad Afendee , Makhtar Mokhairi
Published: August 2024

This article delves into the design and implementation of cost-effective sensors tailored for real-time monitoring of three-phase induction motor performance. The research primarily centers on the assessment of the operational effectiveness of a suite of sensors, including the PZEM-004t power sensor, MLX90614 temperature sensors, NJK-5002C rotation sensors, and ADXL345 vibration sensors, within the context of three-phase induction motor performance analysis. The monitoring system for three-phase induction motor performance is built around the ESP-32 platform, incorporating the ADXL345 vibration sensor. This article successfully presents the individual sensor performance, which was systematically evaluated through testing on a three-phase induction motor that had been meticulously designed and closely observed. The unit tests reveal that all sensors employed in the experiments exhibit an average error rate of less than 5%. When assessed as an integrated system, the three-phase induction motor performance monitoring system demonstrates robust functionality, effectively measuring critical variables such as voltage, current, power factor, temperature, vibration, and rotational speed.
Classification of Temperature and Humidity in Green Open Spaces by Implementing Internet of Things (IoT) using Mamdani Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Gufroni Acep Irham , Nur Rachman Andi , Mubarok Husni , Hiron Nurul , Ramdani Cecep Muhamad Sidik , Sambas Aceng
Published: August 2024

The condition of green open spaces plays a pivotal role in influencing the comfort and well-being of users engaged in various activities within these environments. Hydrological and microclimate factors, particularly temperature and humidity, hold significant sway over the ecological balance in these areas. This study addresses the need for a tool to assess air temperature and humidity, facilitating public access to critical environmental data that impacts the psychological well-being of living organisms. In pursuit of this objective, a comprehensive monitoring system harnessing the power of the IoT was developed. This system integrates DHT22 and MQ-9 sensors to monitor temperature, humidity, and CO2 gas levels within multiple green open spaces. Data from these sensors is transmitted to a central database with minimal time delays: 2 seconds from the sensors to the server, 1 second from the server to the application, and 3 seconds from the hardware to the application. Impressively, this data transmission achieved a 100% success rate. To assess the comfort levels of these green open spaces, the system employs fuzzy Mamdani logic. It processes data obtained from the DHT22 sensor, using predefined temperature and humidity value thresholds. This innovative monitoring system provides valuable insights into the environmental conditions of green open spaces, contributing to the enhancement of the overall quality and suitability of these areas for various activities.
Thermal Characteristics of Malaysian Khaya Senegalensis Wood Fuel Pellets: Densification-Induced Changes at Different Feedstock Moisture Levels
Authors: Ismail Ras Izzati , Khor Chu Yee  , Mohamed Alina Rahayu
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the thermal behaviour of Malaysian Khaya senegalensis wood energy pellets, examining the effects of densification at different feedstock moisture levels. Densified wood pellets are promising renewable energy sources, but the impact of densification on thermal characteristics, considering various moisture contents, is underexplored. The main objective is to quantify the thermal characteristics, which involved proximate analysis such as energy pellets’ ash content, fixed carbon, volatile matter, and calorific value. In this research, Malaysian Khaya senegalensis wood was converted into pellets through a densification process, spanning from of 4-20% feedstock moisture levels. The manufactured pellets were then subjected to various tests to characterize the thermal properties. Results reveal compelling insights on the relationships between densification, moisture content, and thermal properties. Densification significantly influenced thermal attributes, with effects tied to initial moisture content. Varying moisture levels led to distinct thermal responses, reflecting interactions between densification-induced changes in moisture and thermal responses. In this study, the best moisture content for ash content was found to be 16%, with 3.24% ash content, 16% moisture content with volatile matter of 85.24%, fixed carbon of 12% from 20% moisture content, and 16% moisture content with calorific value of 19.65 MJ/kg. These findings aid Khaya senegalensis wood pellet densification optimization for improved thermal performance. Understanding densification's impact on thermal behaviour under varying moisture conditions enhances pellet efficiency as sustainable energy sources. This research contributes to biomass pellet knowledge for renewable energy applications, advancing efficient and eco-friendly energy solutions.
The Assessment of Solar Powered Green Campus vs The Conventional Approach: A Case Study at the Main Campus of Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
Authors: Mohd.Rohaisham Norsharizah , Muhamad Salleh Naziah
Published: August 2024

As a guarantee that Malaysia practices sustainable development, this matter is important to be approached in detail and proactively as it guarantees a better future change. The concern of many people including educational institutions is not only to be able to preserve the environment but also to be able to manage the institution's budget expenses and provide satisfactory well-being to the people of Universiti Sains Malaysia. Achieving stability is an important endeavor, encompassing both private and public structures, with a particular focus on educational institutions. This study aims to understand in detail about the effectiveness of solar use in energy saving efforts compared to the use of conventional approaches to meet the term green campus in educational institutions. This objective is in line with the aim of this research which is to evaluate the annual electricity bill in Ringgit Malaysia (RM) main campus of Universiti Sains Malaysia, to analyze the difference in electricity before and after the use of solar energy is practiced on buildings at Universiti Sains Malaysia and the final objective is to give recommendations for productive and efficient electricity saving measures that can be done on campus. This research uses qualitative as a data collection technique to obtain information about electricity and energy consumption at USM. The results of this study will increase the understanding of the effectiveness of solar use in reducing the cost of electricity in a building and give a larger and specific picture of the energy savings that need to be done to maintain the term of green building in the aspect of energy efficiency in educational building.
Fueling the future with fungi: Efficient lipid extraction from Ganoderma Mycelium Biomass
Authors: Tangaraju Merashini , Ilham Zul , Adlim Muhammad , Wan-Mohtar Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad , Jamaludin Adi Ainurzaman
Published: August 2024

Ganoderma lucidum mycelial biomass produced via submerged-liquid fermentation was subjected to different lipid extraction methods; soxhlet extraction (SXE), solvent extraction (SVE) and ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE), followed by a comparison in its lipid yield. The experiment was carried out using 5 g of biomass material, with 50-300 ml hexane solvent, and the temperature was set at 60 ° C for 1-9 hours. It was observed that the lipid yield was found to be influenced by the extraction time and solvent quantity. SVE was observed to be more effective for lipid production of 20.36 % (2 h and 100 ml hexane) in comparison with SXE (18.8 %) and UAE (7.50 %). In general, G. lucidum mycelial biomass may be used as a potential raw material and cost-effective solution for an alternative biodiesel production process in the future. Hence, future research work should focus on other novel extraction techniques as well as optimizing the other extraction parameters in improving the lipid yield from G. lucidum mycelial biomass.
Women of Influence: interdisciplinary participatory approaches to understanding female leadership in the Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Barrow Sarah , Ulfe Maria Eugenia , Atakav Eylem , Vergara Roxana , Chicmana Victoria , Pelikan Karoline , The young women of OMIAASEC
Published: August 2024

The Mujeres que influyen (Women of Influence) project is a collaboration between researchers at University of East Anglia and PUCP, and young women from the Junín area of Peru who are members of the National Council of Indigenous Women of Peru. It takes its starting point from an acknowledgement that although women play a fundamental role in the preservation of biodiversity and ancestral knowledge, these contributions often go unrecognized and underdeveloped (Ketty Marcelo, 2018), to the detriment of the very culture and environment that should be preserved. Our women-led participatory project, uses film (production, screening, analysis) to highlight the potential and importance for active and organised participation by these young women in their communities in order to protect and nurture their natural resources. Working alongside Asháninka and Yanesha young women, we seek to demonstrate the value of young female involvement in community decision-making, addressing the cultural and societal inequalities that may disrupt their path to leadership and influence. In this paper, we focus on the methods developed in the project, particularly the value of participatory video production as a form of activism, with the outputs serving as creative manifestos in themselves. The co-designed activities have led us to reframe fieldwork as auto-ethnographic digital collaborations that have sought to disrupt power hierarchies and facilitate the co-production of new knowledge. We reflect on how our Indigenous partners have helped us rethink issues of sustainability, resilience and alternative strategies to respond to gender dynamics, political ecologies and environmental challenges.
فعالية استخدام وسائل الإعلام المكتوبة في تنمية مهارة القراءة
Authors: Masnun Masnun , Muhammad zaini Muhammad zaini
Published: August 2024

مستخلص البحث
أهداف هذا البحث لمعرفة مدى فعالية استخدام وسائل الإعلام المكتوبة في تنمية مهارة القراءة من النصوص العربية  المعاصرة لدى طلاب الصف الأول الثانوي بمعهد دار اللغة و الدعوة بانقيل جاوى الشرقية. استخدم هذا البحث المدخل الكمى بالمنهج التجريبي. والأساليب التي استخدمها الباحثان لجمع البيانات والمعلومات المتعلقة بهذا البحث هي المقابلة والملاحظة والاختبار. ولتحليل البيانات الإحصائية استخدم الباحثان الرمز: اختبار ت  (t-test) بتنفيذ البرنامج .(SPSS 12.0) وبعد أن قام الباحثان بعرض البيانات ثم تحليلها ومناقشتها استخلصا النتائج أن استـخدام وسائل الإعلام المكتوبة في تعليـم القراءة العربية لدى الطلبة في الصف الأول الثانوي بمعهد دار اللغة والدعوة فعال، وأشار إلى ذلك : (1) وجود التأثير بناء على النتيجة المحصولة من الاختبارين القبلي والبعدي في مهارة فهم المعلومات التفصيلية (محتوى النص) عن طريق اختبار ت (t-test)، أن قيمة ت الحساب (8.640)، بينما قيمة ت الجدول (2.06). وتكون النتيجة من قيمة ت الحساب أكبر من قيمة ت الجدول على مستوى الدلالة (p >0.05). وذلك لصالح النتيـجة من الاختبار البعدي بوجود فرق ذي دال إحصائي. (2)  وجود التأثير بناء على النتيجة المحصولة من الاختبارين القبلي والبعدي في مهـارة فهم الأفكار الرئيسية عن طريق اختبار ت (t-test)، أن قيمة ت الحساب (8.189)، بينما قيمة ت الجـدول (2.06). وتكون النتيجة من قيمة ت الحساب أكبر من قيمة ت الجدول على مستوى الدلالة (p >0.05). وذلك لصالح النتيجة من الاختبار البعدي بوجود فرق ذي دال إحصائي.
دراسة ارتباطية بين القدرة على القراءة فى اللغة العربية وفهم المادة فى درس القرآن والحديث لدى التلاميذ
Authors: Islach M. , Sahrandi Akhmad
Published: August 2024

الحمد لله الحي القيوم، القائل في القرآن العظيم " اقرأ باسم ربك الذي خلق. خلق الإنسان من علق. اقرأ وربك الأكرم. الذي علم  بالقلم. علم الإنسان ما لم يعلم. { العلق : 1-5 } وجعل الإنسان خليفة في هذا العالم.
والصلاة والسلام على سيد الأنام سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم. القائل في الحديث الكريم " اقرؤوا القرآن فإنه يأتي يوم القيامة شفيعا لأصحابه" (رواه مسلم) والذي أخرج الأمة الجاهلية من الظلمات إلى النور العظيم.
وبعد، فهذا بحث الدراسة الارتباطية بين القدرة على القراءة في اللغة العربية وفهم المادة في درس القرآن والحديث لدى التلاميذ في الصف الثاني بالمدرسة " الشريفة " المتوسطة الإسلامية ببرومبوع مرانجين ذماء سنة 2002 م.     
 بحثه الباحث للحصول على الدرجة الجامعية الأولى في قسم تعليم اللغة العربية في كلية التربية بجامعة والى سونجو الإسلامية الحكومية بسمارانج.
أسلوب كتابة الأعمال اليومية لمهارة الكتابة لطلاب الفصل الثاني الثانوي في معهد نجوم الهدى لومبوك
Authors: Agil Abdurrahman Ahmad
Published: August 2024

الكتابة وسيلة من وسائل الاتصال اللغوي بين الأفراد. الأهداف من هذا البحث هي معرفة كيفية تطبيق الأسلوب لامتلاك مهارة الكتابة ومعرفة العوامل الدافعة والمانعة في كتابة الأعمال اليومية. إستخدم الباحث المدخل الكيفي بنوع الوصفي. أما أساليب جمع البيانات المستخدمة هي الملاحظة والمقابلة والتوثيق. ونتائج البحث المحصولة هي: 1) كيفية تطبيق الأسلوب لامتلاك مهارة الكتابة هي كتابة كل المهام المراد إنجازها خلال اليوم، و التي قد تشمل المذاكرة، والقراءة، والأعمال المنزلية، وغيرها و تخصيص الوقت أكثر واقعية لكل مهمّة ستدوّن في جدول المهام اليومي، وهذا يزيد من كمية الإنجاز و تعيين المهام ذات الأولوية للقيام بها أولاً.2) العوامل الدافعة في كتابة الأعمال اليومية هي عدم الخوف و عدم القلق و الخبرة و قبول الفشل و أما المانعة هي المشكلات التي يواجها الطلبة في الكتابة بالإضافة إلى الصعوبات في القراءة كالخوف و عدم تخصيص الوقت و اللعب.
فعالية إستخدام طريقة المناقشة في تنمية مهارة الإستماع و الكلام لدى الطلبة الفصل الأول الثانوى في معهد البير باندان باسوروان
Authors: Habib Moh. Tohiri , Mulyono  , Zaki Abouelnasr Elbaghdadi
Published: August 2024

يهدف هذا البحث إلى معرفة: (1) كيفية استخدام أسلوب المناقشة في تنمية مهارات الاستماع والتحدث لدى طلاب المرحلة الإعدادية في الفصل الدراسي الأول في معهد باسوروان بير بندان، و(2) مدى فعالية استخدام أسلوب المناقشة. في تنمية مهارات الاستماع والتحدث لدى طلاب المرحلة الإعدادية في الفصل الدراسي الأول بمعهد باسوروان بير بندان.
المنهج الذي يستخدمه الباحثون في هذا البحث هو المنهج الكمي لأن هذا البحث يتطلب بيانات على شكل أرقام أو أرقام وهي النتائج التي يتم الحصول عليها من خلال الاختبارات القبلية والبعدية لتحديد مدى فعالية المتغيرات المستقلة وهي المناقشة طريقة. المنهج في هذا البحث هو المنهج شبه التجريبي من نوع تصميم المجموعة الضابطة غير المكافئة. ويتكون من مجموعتين بطريقة التوزيع العشوائي ثم يوفر مجموعتين للاختيار المسبق والاختبار البعدي. المجتمع في هذا البحث هم طلاب الفصل الدراسي الأول المتوسط ​​في معهد باندانان باسوروان بير. تكونت عينة البحث من 34 طالبا باستخدام أسلوب العينة التقريبية. ومصدر البيانات هو الطلاب. طرق جمع البيانات في هذا البحث هي الملاحظة والمقابلات والاختبار. وأسلوب تحليل البيانات الذي اتبعه الباحث هو اختبار العينة المستقلة من نوع T
تعليم مهارة القراءة باستخدام كتاب النصائح الدينية للحبيب عبد الله بن علوي الحداد
Authors: Nur Hanifansyah  , Syarif Muhammad Syaheed bin Khalid
Published: August 2024

يناقش هذا المقال الجهود المبذولة لتحسين مهارات القراءة لدى طلاب دار اللغة وداعة في سياق تعلم اللغة العربية. وباستخدام منهج البحث الميداني النوعي، يتم تطبيق تقنيات القراءة مثل القشط والمذاكرة، مع التركيز على كتاب "النشأة الدينية" للإمام عبد الله بن علوي الحداد. وقد أثبتت الخطوات العملية، بما في ذلك القراءة الصامتة، والتحليل النحوي، والترجمة، وتحليل المعنى، فعاليتها في تعزيز قدرات القراءة لدى الطلاب. يقدم الكتاب، الذي يشرح جوانب الحياة الإسلامية بلغة بسيطة، رؤية عميقة ويسمح بالتعلم الشامل. ومع تطبيق طريقة تعلم مهارات القراءة المبنية على الكتاب، يخلص هذا المقال إلى أن هذا الأسلوب نجح في تحسين مهارات القراءة في اللغة العربية لدى طلاب دار اللغة وداعة.
Crisis Management Experiences of Emergency Nurses in the Disaster of the Century: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Şahin Akboğa Özlem , Gelin Dilek
Published: August 2024

Objective: It is a matter of curiosity what kind of a crisis emergency department nurses experienced regarding patient care and what kind of a solution method they developed to cope with this crisis during the two major earthquakes in Turkey, which were called "the disaster of the century". The problems experienced during patient care in a major disaster and the solutions developed need to be known to take precautions against greater threats. The research aimed to determine the experiences of emergency department nurses regarding the crises encountered in the disaster of the century by investigating them in depth.
Methods: This is a qualitative study. This study was conducted with 18 nurses working in the emergency department of the pilot hospital, which was the tertiary care center in the disaster of the century, using in-depth interviews, and a qualitative research method. The data were subjected to content analysis.
Results: As a result of content analysis, three main and five sub-themes were identified. The themes were: (1) problems related to safety; for patient and employee safety, (2) disruptions in patient care; teamwork, and support from other institutions, (3) psychosocial breakdown of emergency department nurses; burnout, anxiety, and helplessness.
Conclusion: According to the statements of the participants, all necessary precautions were taken in terms of patient and staff safety, number of personnel, and material support to prevent serious crises during patient care. With the facilities available and offered, emergency clinic nurses took part in patient care in the emergency clinic for days without interruption. In the disaster of the century, it was determined that emergency clinic nurses were ready for patient care, but especially women experienced a complete psychosocial collapse.
Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Mechanical Engineering: A Comprehensive Overview
Authors: Adhithya Balagopal Prasanna
Published: August 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is coming to mainstream and as emerged as a transformative force in various fields not just limited including mechanical engineering. This paper provides an overview of the profound impact of AI on the practice and evolution of mechanical engineering. The usage of AI technologies in the field of mechanical engineering has potential to revolutionize traditional design, manufacturing, and maintenance processes. With AI-powered design tools engineers now can generate optimized designs faster with greater efficiency, leading to enhanced product performance and reduced development cycles. Further, Predictive/forecasting method of AI in maintenance systems facilitate early detection of equipment failures, thereby minimizing downtime and maintenance costs.
A Study on the Socio-Economic Status and Income Levels in Rural Regions
Authors: Mishra Radha
Published: August 2024

This research paper explores the socio- economic status of the rural population with a primary focus on income level analysis. By examining various factors influencing income levels in rural areas, this study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the economic challenges and opportunities faced by rural communities. The paper includes a review of existing literature, analysis of income distribution, identification of key determinants of income levels, and policy recommendations to enhance the socio-economic status of rural populations.
Determination of Heavy Metals in Some Selected Flavour Drinks in Nigeria
Authors: Sani Ibrahim , Mukhtar Muhammad , Hassan Muhammad , Hamisu Abdulmumini
Published: August 2024

The level of heavy metals contamination in flavor drinks has not been investigated in Nigeria. This research was aimed at arsenic at the level of heavy metals contamination in five (5) different powdered flavor drinks commonly sold in Nigerian local markets using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) after acid digestion (HNO3, H2SO4 &HCLO4) in the ratio 1:1:1. The results showed the presence of heavy metals that are considered toxic such cadmium, lead, mercury, nickel, and arsenic at concentrations range between 0.040-0.199, 0.075-0.260, 0.132-0.487, 0.091-0.1324 and 0.221-1.185 mg/L respectively and were found to be above the maximum contaminant level sets by USEPA (2011). Other heavy metals such as chromium, cobalt, copper, selenium, manganese, and iron that are considered essential and less toxic were also determined using this method.
International Expansion of Nigeria Banks: Constructing the Winning Business Model in Sierra Leone-A Case Study of Guaranty Trust Bank
Authors: OBASUN OLUSEGUN
Published: August 2024

The research study is aimed at examining the degree to which Business Model adopted impact corporate performance particularly in a low-income economy, identify the Business Model variables and suggest the best Business Model to operate in Sierra Leone. Exploratory research was conducted on Guaranty Trust Bank (SL) Ltd with findings compared and contrasted with that of notable competition, United Bank for Africa and Zenith Bank. The aim of the research was to facilitate understanding of the factors responsible for the successes recorded by the subsidiaries of Nigerian banks in one location and how these success factors could be replicated in other subsidiary locations. The research entailed gathering of qualitative data from the senior executives of these banks and quantitative data from the financial performances of the banks over a three-year period. The analyses of the qualitative and quantitative data were used to test the viability of the Business Models adopted by the sampled multinational banks based on identified features inherent in a viable Business Model. The study found that the competitive advantage of case study bank was due to the effectiveness of its Business Model in terms of alignment with the goals of the organization, reinforcement, virtuousness, and robustness. The study also revealed that the characteristics of an organization and inherent resources could be evaluated and assessed from the Business Model features and structured to deliver optimal results. The study demonstrated that a well-crafted Business Model is capable of providing a competitive advantage even in low-income economy and aid the replication of success in one location to another. The research findings provide practical implications to guide businesses in the designing of the most appropriate Business Model for optimal performance. The research study can help business leaders to develop a template for driving performances in their organizations, communicate performance actions and monitor performance objectives.
Estimation and Management of Wind Energy in Ikorodu Lagos Lagoon, Using Weibull Parametric Measurement to Electricity Production in Nigeria
Authors: Deji Abdulwahab , Oshioke Musa Sherifah , B. F. E. Salih Ikhlas Elfadil , Toyin Adewale Nofisat
Published: August 2024

This paper is an approach on the estimation and approximation management of wind energy production around the lagoon axis of Ikorodu, Lagos state, Nigeria. The article concentrates on the availability of renewable resource such as wind to generate electrical energy in the greater Ikorodu metropolis of Lagos state Nigeria. Here, probability distribution function is used to generate the wind data. In this paper, three distinct methods are presented; Data time series analysis, Weibull probability function, and theoretical comparison with analytical concept. This research uses two important parameters for analyzing wind data: shape factor “k” and scale factor “c” from Weibull distribution function. The theoretical uses mathematical equations of popular methods such as: (a) Moment method, (b) Empirical Formula, or statistical standard deviation, (c) Peak likelihood, (d) modified peak likelihood, (e) double modified peak likelihood (f) graphical method or smallest mean square, and (g) energy sequence factor. The results obtained are tested to optimize the value from the Weibull parameters by adopting five techniques: (i) root average square error methodology, X2, power of agreement , MAPE, and RRMSE. The results expatiated on the practical and theoretical techniques design to confront the outcome of wind energy harnessed per 1.5 km2. Here, a differential optimization technique is used to determine the precision report. This serve as the basis of error litmus check existing between the wind energy determined by theory of statistical and mathematical Weibull Parametric function and the practical time-series data analysis in LSTM. Again, the wind data (speed and energy/power) were measured and recorded between January 2020 to December 2023 in the Ijede-Ikorodu Lagoon area of Lagos State. The optimized value for the shape factor k and scale factor c parametric measurement and management for maximizing the output electrical energy are obtained by using a well robust Weibull distribution function techniques and by absolutely determining and selecting the best position and location for installing the wind/wave alternators/generator. These generators come with turbines as a single unit. The measurement of the yearly average wind speed and average wind power are 10.09 ms-1 and 10.1 KWm-2, concurrently.
Evidence that Femto-H2 Exists Leads to the Correct Mechanism of Cold Fusion (Cold Fusion is Caused by Femto-D2)
Authors: Kodama Noriyuki
Published: August 2024

Femto-H2 is generated by compression of H- H bond of H2 confined at expandable T site, and authors’ mechanism of Cold fusion is that femto-D2 created at expandable T site cause fusion of D+D due to the shielding of coulomb repulsive force because femto- D2 has so dense electron between d-d that coulomb repulsive force is shielded to cause Fusion. One of the controversial heat generation reactors is QHe (Quantum Hydrogen Energy) developed by clean-planet, who explains that QHe is a heat-generating technology with hydrogen quantum diffusion. The diffusion is induced by heating a small amount of hydrogen saturated in nano-sized nickel-based composite material. Although they did not describe it cold fusion, it is commonly understood to be cold fusion. Therefore, this kind of Cold fusion debate is so confusing that no common standard theory has been established. Therefore, I would like to explain the mechanism of QHe based on author’s Mechanism of Cold Fusion. with H2 loading into multi-stacked Ni/Cu which has large number of reaction site of grain-boundary, where the hydrogen segregates to enhance the reaction of femto- H2 generation. And femto-H2 can fuse to Cu or Ni to be mainly Ze to generate 15~17MeV, which is comparable of energy by D+D=4He+24MeV.Because femto-H2 is so small to fuse to the metal nucleus at room temperature, and at high temperature, the nucleus vibrates at high speed and femto-H2 can fuse with the metal nucleus and once the heat generation start transmutation continues. Author also discovered phenomena that seems to be related to femto-H2, which are transmutation reactor by Dr. Ohmasa and car on H2O (Water Fuel CELL) by Stanly A Meyer. Ohmasa’s transmutation reactor uses Pd coating plate and loaded hydrogen by electrolysis generate femto-H2 which enter into H2O to transmute H2O to be helium-3 and oxygen-18 clusters. Water Fuel Cell can generate huge heat by the transmutation of metal with femto-H2. Therefore, author would like to request clean-planet to study the transmutation with femto-H2 in QHe reactor to prove author’s mechanism hypo, and Cold fusion community to start the discussion on the standard theory of Cold Fusion because author’s mechanism is inconsistent with nucleus model.
Binding Energies and Vibrational Spectral Features of S
n
Species on Amorphous Water-ice Mantles: A Quantum Mechanical Study
Authors: Perrero Jessica , Beitia-Antero Leire , Fuente Asunción , Ugliengo Piero , Rimola Albert
Published: August 2024

In the denser and colder regions of the interstellar medium (ISM), gas-phase sulfur is depleted by 2 or 3 orders of magnitude with respect to its cosmic abundance. Thus, which species are the main carriers of sulfur is an open question. Recent studies have proposed S
n
species as potential sulfur reservoirs. Among the various sulfur allotropes, the most stable one is the S8 ring, detected in the asteroid Ryugu and Orgueil meteorite. Shorter species, namely S3 and S4, have been found in the comet 67P/C-G, but their presence in the ISM remains elusive. In this study, we compute the binding energies (BEs) of S
n
(n = 1–8) species on an amorphous water-ice surface model and analyze their infrared (IR) and Raman spectral features to provide data for their identification in the ISM. Our computations reveal that these species exhibit lower BEs than previously assumed and that their spectral features experience minimal shifts when adsorbed on water ice, because of the weak and nonspecific S
n
–ice interactions. Furthermore, these species display very low IR band intensities and, therefore, very accurate instruments operating in the mid-IR range are required for detecting the presence of these species in dense interstellar environments.
Morus sp. cultivation in Natura 2000 sites: environmental constraints and considerations
Authors: Bozhilova Mariam
Published: August 2024

Morus sp. is a versatile resource with diverse benefits; however, its cultivation may entail negative environmental impacts. Environmental legislation imposes constraints to mitigate these effects. The current study presents a three-tier classification approach to assess the severity of constraints imposed by environmental legislation on Morus sp. cultivation. The approach is tested in a case study area located in BG0000254 Besaparski vazvishenita, Bratsigovo Municipality, Bulgaria. Approximately 23.6% of this area is under strict protection, thereby prohibiting cultivation. In about 21.3% of the area, Morus sp. cultivation is feasible but most probably an Appropriate Assessment procedure will be required to ensure nonsignificant negative impact. In the remaining 56.4% of the area, notification/screening is necessary, with the likelihood of not requiring a full Appropriate Assessment procedure. Thus, despite a significant portion being under strict protection, there remains potential for Morus sp. cultivation within the study area, albeit with varying procedural complexities.

Thе proposed constraints classification approach can inform land use planning, facilitating informed decision-making in site selection not only for Morus sp. but for all types of permanent crops.
Two new species of Landouria Godwin-Austen, 1918 (Gastropoda, Camaenidae) from Thailand, with a key to Thai species
Authors: Nahok Benchawan , Chanlabut Utain , Tumpeesuwan Sakboworn , Tumpeesuwan Chanidaporn
Published: August 2024

The present work contains descriptions of two new species of Landouria and a key to Thai species of this genus. Landouria bellasp. nov. is described from isolated limestone hills in Ratchaburi and Phetchaburi provinces, western Thailand. This new species is characterized by its small depressed-globose shell without a peripheral keel, the presence of a small, thin lamella on the columellar side of the inner aperture, a long, cylindrical distally bent flagellum, a short penis with a rounded verge, and a short, thick free oviduct and vagina. The second new species, Landouria monodonsp. nov. is described from sandstone hills in Kalasin Province, northeastern Thailand. This species has a depressed-conic shell with a blunt peripheral keel, a thick prominent lamella on the columellar side of the inner aperture, a short, finger-shaped, distally bent flagellum, and a long penis with a small, short verge.
Spanish Doctoral Dissertations on the Properties of Materials in Engineering
Authors: Melero-Bolaños Juan Carlos , Maz-Machado Alexander , León-Mantero Carmen María , Rodríguez-Baiget María Josefa
Published: August 2024

We present a bibliometric study of engineering doctoral dissertations focusing on the properties of materials. The study exhaustively examines the production of doctoral theses on material properties in the field of engineering at Spanish universities from 1977 to 2022. The main objective is to analyse the volume and temporal distribution of these theses, explore their production by authors and directors considering gender, and identify the most common descriptors in the research. Technological innovation and progress in engineering materials are essential for social welfare, economic competitiveness, and international cooperation, highlighting the significance of these studies. The results reveal a total of 508 valid theses after a meticulous filtering process, with a notable increase in production post-1998, particularly during 2011–2020. The study highlights the limited presence of women in both authorship and direction of these, indicating male dominance in the field. However, there is an increasing trend of female participation in these academic areas. This study offers detailed insights into the trends and composition of doctoral research in materials engineering in Spain, pointing to important gender dynamics and research themes.
Physics XP: Integration of ChatGPT and Gamification to Improve Academic Performance and Motivation in Physics 1 Course
Authors: Beltozar-Clemente Saul , Díaz-Vega Enrique
Published: August 2024

The understanding of the physics course (PC) at the university level faces many challenges, highlighting the gap in mathematical knowledge and conceptual phenomenological analysis that affect the assimilation of more advanced physical concepts. The synergistic integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and gamification into the teaching and learning process transforms this process into an engaging and collaborative experience, improving interaction and personalization of learning and incorporating game elements to increase student participation and motivation. The objective of this research was to measure the influence of the integration of ChatGPT, AI, and gamification on the academic results and motivation of students in the physics 1 course. A total of 188 students participated in this study: 98 students in the experimental group and 90 students in the control group. The grades obtained in the standardized evaluations were compared in both the partial exam and the final exam of the physics 1 course, and a Likert-type questionnaire was used for motivation. The results show a better academic performance (AP) of the students in the experimental group than the control group, which is statistically evidenced (p < 0.01). It also shows that students who developed the course using ChatGPT AI and gamification developed a more positive attitude towards interest, usefulness, self-efficacy, active participation, and personal satisfaction in the physics 1 course.
Reflective Thinking on Enhancing Student Competencies in Learning Management through Outcome-Based Learning According to Constructive Alignment
Authors: Poolkrajang Akkarat , Papanai Rinradee
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the implementation of learning outcomes-based education in mechanical engineering, focusing on students aspiring to pursue teaching careers. By using constructive alignment and reflective thinking methodologies, the study aims to enhance these students’ competencies in line with professional teaching standards. The study targets a group of 23 mechanical engineering students. The researcher’s established learning process forms the basis for the study methodology, incorporating learning objectives, active learning, and reflective thinking. The tools employed include a knowledge measurement test, activity evaluation through observation participation, follow-up on a permitted 5-level activity, reflection on learning experiences through writing, structuring learning activities in each subject, and assessment using qualitative content analysis. The results reveal significant variations in students’ academic achievements before and after the study, indicating moderate learning progress. The assessments of management learning performance are comprehensive, with learners engaging at the highest average level. This study underscores the significance of reflective learning approaches in developing competencies that align with professional teaching standards, enhancing students’ capacity to critically assess their thoughts, feelings, and attitudes, thereby influencing their actions and preparing them for real-world applications.
Improving Student Engagement and Success in Computer Programming Courses through Social Learning in Online Environments
Authors: Gharbaoui Hiba , Mansouri Khalifa , Poirier Franck
Published: August 2024

This paper addresses the necessity to enhance the effectiveness of online learning (OL) environments by examining the influence of social interactions on learner motivation, engagement, and success, specifically focusing on online computer science education (CSE). Acknowledging the limitations of peer-to-peer and learner-to-teacher interactions on online platforms, this paper delves into the potential of social learning (SL) organized through learner groups, communities, or networks to significantly enrich the learning experience. To test the hypothesis that SL positively impacts student outcomes, an experiment was conducted with 49 engineering students divided into two groups. The first group undertook an object-oriented programming course in C++ using the Moodle platform, while the second group, in addition to the online course, participated in asynchronous group activities through forums and synchronous interactions via chat. The results reveal a notable positive impact of SL on student outcomes, with participants in the second group reporting higher satisfaction levels and achieving superior results compared to those in the first group. The findings underscore the significance of integrating social interaction into OL environments, with potential implications for enhancing the overall quality of education and student performance in society.
Perspectives From an In-Service Teacher UDL Action Research Project
Authors: Tucker Lauren
Published: August 2024

Including universal design for learning in graduate programs for in-service teachers is crucial to increasing the application of the framework in practice. This chapter will introduce an action research assignment within an American UDL graduate course and its impact on teacher practice and student learning. Eight case studies across disciplines and levels will be shared. During this process, teachers identified a classroom challenge, developed a UDL intervention, analyzed student data, and shared implications. In-service teacher reflections will be shared on the continued use of a UDL approach beyond their course work and its impact on their teaching practice. The chapter will begin with an introduction to the context of the implementation, investigation questions, methodology, case study presentation, discussion, and conclusion.
Optimizing Medication Therapy in Elderly Patients
Authors: Shahbar Alaa , Katlan Danyah Ahmed , Almutairy Reem Fahad , Alnoamy Yahya
Published: August 2024

The aging population in Saudi Arabia presents significant challenges for healthcare providers, with older adults facing multiple chronic conditions and polypharmacy. Age-related changes impact drug metabolism, emphasizing the need for comprehensive medication management and pharmacist involvement in deprescribing. The chapter addresses common geriatric diseases like hypertension, diabetes, heart failure, and dyslipidemia, offering tailored strategies for treatment. Individualized approaches are vital due to variations in health status and comorbidities among elderly patients. Hypertension significantly contributes to cardiovascular events, requiring personalized treatment decisions. Thrombotic and bleeding risks rise with age, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach to cardiovascular disease management, with direct oral anticoagulants showing promise. Integration of palliative care into healthcare systems ensures quality end-of-life care, with efforts to minimize unnecessary medications and reduce adverse drug events.
Obesity and Its Related Problems in the Elderly and the Therapeutic Effects of Physical Activity
Authors: Oral Onur , Rezaee Zeinab , Iyanuloluwa Ojo
Published: August 2024

Obesity is a chronic disease, both alone and accompanied by many metabolic diseases it causes, that require prevention and treatment to normalize living standards in terms of women's health. For this reason, professional support is needed for older individuals who are overweight or candidates for obesity, as well as individuals with advanced obesity. Looking at the problem of obesity in the elderly from this perspective, awareness should be increased that regular physical activity can optimize the chances of obesity treatment in the prevention and treatment of obesity.