bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On Primary Adrenal Insufficiency with Normal Concentrations of
Cortisol – Early Manifestation of Addison’s
Disease
Authors: Wäscher Hanna , Knauerhase Andreas , Klar Bettina , Postrach Till , Weber Marc-André , Willenberg Holger Sven
Published: November 2023

Primary adrenal insufficiency (AI) is an endocrine disorder in which hormones of
the adrenal cortex are produced to an insufficient extent. Since receptors for
adrenal steroids have a wide distribution, initial symptoms may be nonspecific.
In particular, the lack of glucocorticoids can quickly lead to a
life-threatening adrenal crisis. Therefore, current guidelines suggest applying
a low threshold for testing and to rule out AI not before serum cortisol
concentrations are higher than 500 nmol/l (18 μg/dl). To
ease the diagnostic, determination of morning cortisol concentrations is
increasingly used for making a diagnosis whereby values of>350
nmol/l are considered to safely rule out Addison’s disease.
Also, elevated corticotropin concentrations (>300 pg/ml) are
indicative of primary AI when cortisol levels are below 140 nmol/l (5
μg/dl). However, approximately 10 percent of our patients with
the final diagnosis of primary adrenal insufficiency would clearly have been
missed for they presented with normal cortisol concentrations. Here, we present
five such cases to support the view that normal to high basal concentrations of
cortisol in the presence of clearly elevated corticotropin are indicative of
primary adrenal insufficiency when the case history is suggestive of
Addison’s disease. In all cases, treatment with hydrocortisone had been
started, after which the symptoms improved. Moreover, autoantibodies to the
adrenal cortex had been present and all patients underwent a structured national
education program to ensure that self-monitored dose adjustments could be made
as needed.
COVID-19, Pregnancy, and Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kleinwechter Helmut J. , Weber Katharina S. , Liedtke Tatjana P , Schäfer-Graf Ute , Groten Tanja , Rüdiger Mario , Pecks Ulrich
Published: November 2023

During the severe acute respiratory distress virus coronavirus type 2
(SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, many women were infected during their pregnancies. The
SARS-CoV-2-induced coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has an impact on maternal
health and pregnancy outcomes; peripartum and perinatal morbidity and mortality
are increased. Pregnancy is considered a risk factor for severe COVID-19 course.
Additional risk factors during pregnancy are diabetes mellitus, gestational
diabetes mellitus (GDM), and obesity. Systemic inflammation can lead to severe
metabolic dysregulation with ketoacidosis. The endocrine pancreas is a target
organ for SARS-CoV-2 and the fetal risk depends on inflammation of the placenta.
Up to now there is no evidence that SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy leads
to permanent diabetes in mothers or their offspring via triggering autoimmunity
or beta cell destruction. The frequently observed increased prevalence of GDM
compared to the years before the pandemic is most likely due to changed
lifestyle during lockdown. Furthermore, severe COVID-19 may be associated with
the development of GDM due to worsening of glucose tolerance. Vaccination with a
mRNA vaccine is safe and highly effective to prevent infection and to reduce
hospitalization. Registries support offering evidence-based recommendations on
vaccination for pregnant women. Even with the current omicron virus variant,
there are increased risks for symptomatic and unvaccinated pregnant women.
Statistical analysis of research integrity construction in 466 Chinese universities with medical programs
Authors: Wang Fei , Zhu Chaowen
Published: November 2023

The medical field is prone to research misconduct, with serious cases exposed in China in recent years. In compliance with the guidelines from the Ministry of Education requiring higher education institutions to establish dedicated websites for research integrity, this study conducted online statistics on 466 universities to investigate the status of research integrity in Chinese universities with medical programs. Analysis of the data collected from official websites revealed progress in research integrity construction, but numerous issues persist, including scattered information, infrequent publication of warning cases or advanced deeds, lack of dedicated research integrity personnel, and limited disclosure of contact, whistleblowing channels and annual reports. Therefore, this paper proposes four improvement recommendations and provides incentive measures to ensure their implementation.
Relationship between perceived value, student experience, and university reputation: structural equation modeling
Authors: Amado Marelby , Guzmán Alfredo , Juarez Fernando
Published: November 2023

Research regarding university management from the field of marketing has been increasing, as well as the differential strategies designed by universities to attract and retain both students and teachers. One of them is obtaining high-quality accreditations. Its impact on the process and purchasing behavior of educational services is recognized. For this reason, this research aims to relate the three constructs in higher education institutions and compare their behavior both in high-quality accredited universities and in non-accredited ones in order to identify the incidence of accreditation. The research used an analysis of the data by structural equations model and the results showed that both the student’s experience and the perceived value influence reputation. Meantime, the student’s experience influences the perceived value and no differences are evident in the model because of the accreditation in high quality.
Tuning the band topology of GdSb by epitaxial strain
Authors: Inbar Hadass S. , Ho Dai Q. , Chatterjee Shouvik , Engel Aaron N. , Khalid Shoaib , Dempsey Connor P. , Pendharkar Mihir , Chang Yu Hao , Nishihaya Shinichi , Fedorov Alexei V. , Lu Donghui , Hashimoto Makoto , Read Dan , Janotti Anderson , Palmstrøm Christopher J.
Published: November 2023

Rare-earth monopnictide (RE-V) semimetal crystals subjected to hydrostatic pressure have shown interesting trends in magnetoresistance, magnetic ordering, and superconductivity, with theory predicting pressure-induced band inversion. Yet, thus far, there have been no direct experimental reports of interchanged band order in RE-Vs due to strain. This work studies the evolution of band topology in biaxially strained GdSb(001) epitaxial films using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and density functional theory (DFT). As biaxial strain is tuned from tensile to compressive strain, the gap between the hole and the electron bands dispersed along [001] decreases. The conduction and valence band shifts seen in DFT and ARPES measurements are explained by a tight-binding model that accounts for the orbital symmetry of each band. Finally, we discuss the effect of biaxial strain on carrier compensation and magnetic ordering temperature.
Superior photovoltaic performance of BF4-doped perovskite rationalized by ab initio nonadiabatic molecular dynamics
Authors: Wang Zhong-Yuan , Ye Han-Qi , Wang Kai-Feng , Ouyang Fangping , Wu Zhaofeng , Tong Chuan-Jia
Published: November 2023

Hybrid organic–inorganic metal halide perovskites have emerged as a new generation of photovoltaic devices due to their impressive performance. Many experiments show that a small amount of pseudohalide BF4 doping significantly enhances the performance of the most studied CH3NH3PbI3 compound. We demonstrate, using real-time time-dependent density functional theory and ab initio non-adiabatic molecular dynamics, that a 2% concentration of BF4 doping can reduce the anharmonicity of the soft inorganic lattice, weaken the electron–phonon interaction, suppress non-radiative electron–hole recombination, and finally result in an 80% enhancement of charge carrier lifetime in CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite. More than that, low concentration of BF4 doping can keep the suitable bandgap and strengthen the optical absorption, whereas high concentration doping would extremely increase the bandgap so that should be prohibited in perovskite solar cells. Our results rationalize why low concentration of BF4 doping can suppress nonradiative charge carrier recombination and greatly improve the photovoltaic performance in CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite.
Ultra-high vacuum compatible reactor for model catalyst study of ammonia synthesis at ambient pressure
Authors: Zhang K. , Wandall L. H. , Vernieres J. , Kibsgaard J. , Chorkendorff I.
Published: November 2023

A high sensitivity reactor was developed to study slow reactions, such as ammonia synthesis over low surface area model catalysts at 1 bar and up to 550 °C. The reactor is connected to an ultra-high vacuum system with a transferable sample design, which allows for cleaning, preparation, and spectroscopic characterization of samples before and after the reaction without exposure to any contaminated environment, such as air. A quasi-closed small volume (250 µl) quartz glass reaction cell is integrated through a capillary with a quartz glass sniffer tube connected to a mass spectrometer. The capillary reduces the 1 bar pressure in the cell to 10−7 mbar in the sniffer tube and mass spectrometer chamber. A quartz fiber-guided laser is used to heat up the sample, and the temperature can be regulated by the proportional–integral–derivative controlled laser power output for fast reaction kinetics research. Proof of principle ammonia synthesis experiments in this reactor at 1 bar, 350–500 °C on Fe(111) single crystal and mass-selected Ru clusters supported on CeO2 thin film yield kinetic parameters that agree very well to those reported in the literature.
Discontinuous clogging in gently tapered microchannels reveals a transient Markov process
Authors: Majekodunmi Olukayode T. , Hashmi Sara M.
Published: November 2023

Colloidal clogging is typically studied in pores with constrictions arranged in parallel or series. In these systems, clogging statistics are governed by Poisson processes; the time interval between clogging events exhibits an exponential distribution. However, an entirely different phenomenon is observed in a gently tapered pore geometry. Unlike in non-tapered constrictions, rigid particles clogging tapered microchannels form discrete and discontinuous clogs. In a parallelized system of tapered microchannels, we analyze distributions of clog dimensions for different flow conditions. Clog width distributions reveal a lognormal process, arising from concurrent clogging across independent parallel microchannels. Clog lengths, however, which are analogous to growth time, are exponentially distributed. This indicates a Poisson process where events do not occur simultaneously. These two processes are contradictory: clogging events are statistically dependent within each channel, while clogs grow simultaneously across independent channels. The coexistence of Poisson and lognormal processes suggests a transient Markov process in which clogs occur both independently of, and dependently on, other clogs. Therefore, discussions of the stochastic character of clogging may require holistic consideration of the quantities used to assess it. This study reveals small adjustments to pore spaces can lead to qualitative differences in clogging dynamics, suggesting the importance of geometry.
Janus helices: From fully attractive to hard helices
Authors: Dal Compare Laura , Romano Flavio , Wood Jared A. , Widmer-Cooper Asaph , Giacometti Achille
Published: November 2023

The phase diagram of hard helices differs from its hard rods counterpart by the presence of chiral “screw” phases stemming from the characteristic helical shape, in addition to the conventional liquid crystal phases also found for rod-like particles. Using extensive Monte Carlo and Molecular Dynamics simulations, we study the effect of the addition of a short-range attractive tail representing solvent-induced interactions to a fraction of the sites forming the hard helices, ranging from a single-site attraction to fully attractive helices for a specific helical shape. Different temperature regimes exist for different fractions of the attractive sites, as assessed in terms of the relative Boyle temperatures, that are found to be rather insensitive to the specific shape of the helical particle. The temperature range probed by the present study is well above the corresponding Boyle temperatures, with the phase behaviour still mainly entropically dominated and with the existence and location of the various liquid crystal phases only marginally affected. The pressure in the equation of state is found to decrease upon increasing the fraction of attractive beads and/or on lowering the temperature at fixed volume fraction, as expected on physical grounds. All screw phases are found to be stable within the considered range of temperatures with the smectic phase becoming more stable on lowering the temperature. By contrast, the location of the transition lines do not display a simple dependence on the fraction of attractive beads in the considered range of temperatures.
Numerical study of inflow turbulence distortion and noise for airfoils
Authors: Ribeiro André F. P. , dos Santos Fernanda L. , Venner Kees , de Santana Leandro D.
Published: November 2023

In this work, the interaction of grid-generated turbulence with airfoils of different thicknesses, namely, a National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) 0008 and a NACA 0018, is investigated, leading to a deeper understanding of the influence of the airfoil geometry on the near-field flow and on the far-field pressure fluctuations. Experimentally validated lattice-Boltzmann simulations are used to analyze the flow properties in the leading-edge (LE) vicinity. The analysis of the velocity fluctuations near the LE shows that momentum is transferred from the streamwise to the transverse velocity for the NACA 0008 airfoil interacting with a large turbulence length scale. This mechanism changes with the increase in the airfoil thickness because the inflow turbulence length scale becomes comparable to the airfoil thickness in the LE region, resulting in a higher concentration of vortices near the LE oriented in the transverse direction, creating high-velocity fluctuations in the spanwise direction. The near- and far-field pressure fluctuations are analyzed to understand the impact of the inflow turbulence distortion on these parameters and the limitations of analytical methods for real airfoils. Results show that the wall-pressure fluctuations are affected by the turbulence distortion in the LE region. Thick airfoils have noise directivity patterns significantly different compared to the Amiet predictions for higher frequencies, radiating higher noise levels upstream of the LE than the thin airfoil. This is likely associated with a drastic change in the pressure fluctuation distribution near the airfoil LE region, attributed to the change in the distortion of the vortical structures in the LE area.
Flow control for aerodynamic drag reduction of a high-speed train with diversion slots on bogie regions
Authors: Zhang Jie , Adamu Abdulmalik , Gidado Faisal , Tang Mingzan , Ozer Ozgun , Chen Xiaodong
Published: November 2023

A diversion slot is one of the potential mechanical devices to reduce high-speed train underbody aerodynamic resistance. This research aims to investigate the effectiveness of using diversion slots as a means of passive flow control to reduce the resistance of a high-speed train. Two different diversion slot designs, i.e., the big diversion slot (Bds) and the small diversion slot (Sds), placed at two installation locations near the bogie cabin end walls in six configurations are used. The results indicate that drag of the tail car is significantly reduced by 7.8%, 5.5%, 9.0%, and 9.4% using the configurations in cases 2 and 4–6, while an increase in 0.4% is experienced in case 3. Consequently, the total train aerodynamic resistance reduces by 1.9%, 0.2%, 3.0%, 4.2%, and 0.4% in cases 2–6, respectively, as compared to case 1. By evaluating the flow structure, we found that the diversion slots trigger flow separation, deflecting the airflow from entering the bogie regions, increasing flow turbulence and reducing the flow velocity. It efficiently improves the wake flow structure by reducing the wake strength, thereby increasing the tail nose surface pressure, thus reducing the tail car's aerodynamic drag. This study proposes a novel approach for reducing aerodynamic drag in high-speed trains, improving the underbody flow and wake characteristics.
Stokes number and coupling effects on particle interaction behavior in turbulent channel flows
Authors: Rupp D. A. , Mortimer L. F. , Fairweather M.
Published: November 2023

The effects of Reynolds number (Reτ=180 and 300), particle Stokes number (St+=0.5, 50, and 92), and fluid–solid phase coupling level (one-way, two-way, and four-way) on particle behavior in turbulent channel flows has been investigated using direct numerical simulation and Lagrangian particle tracking. Previous studies have used all these levels of coupling, but in terms of those employing four-way coupling, no consideration is given as to how emergent phenomena due to collision dynamics within a flow affect the way in which particles impart feedback to the continuous phase. In the present work, we relate the particle–particle interaction to particle–fluid coupling, as well as in assessing its relation to the Stokes number. As the Reynolds number increases and the turbulent region narrows, fewer particles retain their velocity as they migrate to the wall-region leading to reduced streamwise velocity fluctuations and preferential concentration. It is also evident that low Stokes number particles are capable of minor wall-accumulation at Reτ=300. At this increased Reynolds number, four-way coupled simulations performed with moderate Stokes number particles (St+=50) are shown to diminish the effects of particle–fluid feedback, leading to similar fluid and particle statistics as the one-way coupled simulations. It is concluded that turbophoretic and preferential concentration effects are responsible for this phenomenon, since the increased collision rates due to larger concentrations of particles and velocity fluctuations in the wall-region correlate directly with the impact on the two-way coupling flow modifications. Analysis of the collision dynamics also indicates particles colliding with increased relative velocities and angles, which cause larger momentum transfer and directional redistribution, increasing and redirecting slip velocities. It is concluded that for midrange Stokes numbers, four-way coupling is imperative to increase simulation accuracy beyond that obtained assuming one-way coupling.
Copular constructions in Makhuwa‑Enahara
Authors: Kujath Elizabeth , van der Wal Jenneke
Published: November 2023

This paper describes the possible predication strategies in Makhuwa-Enahara and under what circumstances each
occurs. Makhuwa-Enahara (Bantu P31E) has three main copular constructions: Predicative Lowering, the invariant copulas
ti (affirmative) and kahi (negative), and the verbal copulas ori and
okhala. It was previously posited that the choice between predication strategies depended on the syntactic
type of the predicate, but further analysis shows that deference is instead given to the semantic type of the predication. The
underlying structures of Makhuwa-Enahara are identical for Equation, Predication, and Identification; Specification shows a
different structure, and Locative predication yet another. Predicative Lowering and the invariant copula are argued to be
different spell-outs of the Pred head, depending on its raised position within the syntactic tree and whether or not the initial
element of the predicate is long enough to undergo Predicative Lowering.
On the acceptability of the not so dummy auxiliary ‘do’ in Dutch
Authors: Sert Cansel , Hubers Ferdy , Redl Theresa , Hoop Helen de
Published: November 2023

The auxiliary doen ‘do’ in standard Dutch is usually described as ‘dummy’ because it supposedly adds nothing substantial to the meaning of the sentence. We argue, however, that the auxiliary does have a function in the sentence, as a marker of either habitual or intentional aspect. In an online production experiment, we investigated the acceptability of the allegedly dummy auxiliary doen ‘do’. Results show that the degree of acceptability of the auxiliary doen ‘do’ is very low, even lower than the widely disapproved use of hun ‘them’ as a subject in Dutch. However, because a significant difference was found in the acceptability between the habitual and the intentional reading, we conclude that the auxiliary doen ‘do’ in Dutch cannot be dummy, i.e. semantically empty.
Degrees and manners as kinds
Authors: Yu Jianrong , Heynen Lena
Published: November 2023

We examine equative constructions in Dutch, comparing it to their counterparts in two other Germanic languages, namely English and German. We observe that there is significant variation in the morphosyntax of equative constructions based on whether what is being compared is a gradable adjective or a verb (e.g. Kim is as tall as Sue and Kim ran as Sue (did)) across the three languages and that the morphosyntax corresponds to meaning differences, determining what exactly can be compared in these constructions. Based on these observations, we propose an account for Dutch equative constructions based on eventuality kinds, which has implications for the semantics of comparison constructions in general in relation to the ontological status of degrees and manners in the grammar.
Sobre la enseñanza de la elisión sintáctica en la clase de gramática del español como lengua extranjera o segunda
(ELE/L2)
Authors: Zulaica Hernández Iker
Published: November 2023

En este artículo se aboga por la inclusión de la elipsis verbal y nominal en el aula de español para extranjeros,
principalmente en niveles intermedios y avanzados. Un análisis cualitativo de libros de texto y manuales de gramática del español
revela que los procesos de elipsis se ignoran frecuentemente en este tipo de materiales didácticos. Se presenta una descripción
lingüística sucinta de los principales procesos elípticos en español (elipsis verbal, nominal, fragmentos y anáfora de complemento
nulo) y se propone una serie de actividades didácticas de muestra para la práctica de estas construcciones y su inclusión en
materiales pedagógicos. Al mismo tiempo, se defiende la importancia de la llamada gramática del discurso y de los mecanismos de
coherencia y cohesión discursiva, de los que la elipsis es un ejemplo, en la construcción del discurso complejo y, en
consecuencia, en la enseñanza integral del español como segunda lengua.
The role of midbody-associated mRNAs in regulating abscission
Authors: Farmer Trey , Vaeth Katherine F. , Han Ke-Jun , Goering Raeann , Taliaferro Matthew J. , Prekeris Rytis
Published: November 2023

Midbodies function during telophase to regulate the abscission step of cytokinesis. Until recently, it was thought that abscission-regulating proteins, such as ESCRT-III complex subunits, accumulate at the MB by directly or indirectly binding to the MB resident protein, CEP55. However, recent studies have shown that depletion of CEP55 does not fully block ESCRT-III targeting the MB. Here, we show that MBs contain mRNAs and that these MB-associated mRNAs can be locally translated, resulting in the accumulation of abscission-regulating proteins. We demonstrate that localized MB-associated translation of CHMP4B is required for its targeting to the abscission site and that 3′ UTR-dependent CHMP4B mRNA targeting to the MB is required for successful completion of cytokinesis. Finally, we identify regulatory cis-elements within RNAs that are necessary and sufficient for mRNA trafficking to the MB. We propose a novel method of regulating cytokinesis and abscission by MB-associated targeting and localized translation of selective mRNAs.
Molecular dynamic simulation of the influence of vibration effects on scratching processes in Varied crystal orientations
Authors: Qiu-Yang Zheng , Zhen-Yu Zhou , Yu Li , Jianhao Chen , Sen-Bin Ye , Zhong-Yu Piao
Published: November 2023

The research delves into the uncharted terrain of crystal orientation’s effect on high-frequency vibration-assisted processing of single-crystal copper, employing molecular dynamics to devise non-vibration, one-dimensional (1D), and two-dimensional (2D) vibration-assisted scratching models. The innovative discovery is the ‘peak-shaving’ effect, invoked by high-frequency vibration, which significantly mitigates surface irregularities on single-crystal copper, enhancing surface quality and material plasticity, thereby facilitating machinability. A key revelation is the superior efficacy of 2D vibration in material fortification relative to 1D vibration. Another novel finding is the amplified plasticity of single-crystal copper with a (111) crystal orientation under vibration-assisted excitation, linked to the varying directions of dislocation slip contingent upon crystal orientations. The pioneering observation that the induction of vibration during scratching dynamically propels dislocation defect structures, leading to the generation of a significant volume of vacant and interstitial atomic sites, underscores the pronounced influence of 2D vibration. This research contributes invaluable microscopic perspectives into the operative mechanism of crystal orientation’s impact on high-frequency vibration-assisted processing.
Microstructure-driven mechanical and electromechanical phenomena in additively manufactured nanocrystalline zinc oxide
Authors: Gallivan Rebecca A , Aitken Zachary H , Chamoun-Farah Antoine , Zhang Yong-Wei , Greer Julia R
Published: November 2023

Advances in nanoscale additive manufacturing (AM) offer great opportunities to expand nanotechnologies; however, the size effects in these printed remain largely unexplored. Using both in situ nanomechanical and electrical experiments and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, this study investigates additively manufactured nano-architected nanocrystalline ZnO (nc-ZnO) with ∼7 nm grains and dimensions spanning 0.25–4 μm. These nano-scale ceramics are fabricated through printing and subsequent burning of metal ion-containing hydrogels to produce oxide structures. Electromechanical behavior is shown to result from random ordering in the microstructure and can be modeled through a statistical treatment. A size effect in the failure behavior of AM nc-ZnO is also observed and characterized by the changes in deformation behavior and suppression of brittle failure. MD simulations provide insights to the role of grain boundaries and grain boundary plasticity on both electromechanical behavior and failure mechanisms in nc-ZnO. The frameworks developed in this paper extend to other AM nanocrystalline materials and provide quantification of microstructurally-drive limitations to precision in materials property design.
Modified Hawking radiation of Schwarzschild-like black hole in bumblebee gravity model
Authors: Sakallı İzzet , Yörük Esra
Published: November 2023

In this article, we study the Hawking radiation of the Schwarzschild black hole within the bumblebee gravity model (SBHBGM). Considering classical approaches involving Killing vectors and the standard Hamilton-Jacobi method, the Hawking radiation of SBHBGM is computed. The Painlevé-Gullstrand, ingoing Eddington-Finkelstein, and Kruskal-Szekeres coordinate systems are introduced as alternatives to the naive coordinates, providing insights into gravitational behavior around massive objects like black holes. We thus examine whether Hawking radiation’s temperature depends on the chosen coordinate system or not. Incorporating the Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) into the Hamilton-Jacobi equation, a modified equation characterizing particle behavior near the event horizon is obtained. By calculating the tunneling probability using the modified action, the GUP-induced modifications to the emitted particle’s behavior are considered, resulting in the derivation of the modified temperature of the SBHBGM. In conclusion, we explore the quantum-adjusted entropy of SBHBGM and its associated temperature and assess the findings we have acquired.
Measuring the quantum state of the electromagnetic field at finite temperature
Authors: Juárez-Amaro R , Moya-Cessa H M
Published: November 2023

We show that it is possible to reconstruct the quantum state of light in a cavity subject to dissipation at finite temperature. By passing atoms through the cavity it is shown that the decay does not prevent the measurement of s-parametrized quasiprobability distributions. Because such distributions contain whole information about the initial quantized field, it is possible to recover its complete information.
Thermal analysis and Joule-Thomson expansion of black hole exhibiting metric-affine gravity*
Authors: Yasir Muhammad , Xia 夏 Tiecheng 铁成 , Javed Faisal , Mustafa G.
Published: November 2023

This study examines a recently hypothesized black hole, which is a perfect solution of metric-affine gravity with a positive cosmological constant, and its thermodynamic features as well as the Joule-Thomson expansion. We develop some thermodynamical quantities, such as volume, Gibbs free energy, and heat capacity, using the entropy and Hawking temperature. We also examine the first law of thermodynamics and thermal fluctuations, which might eliminate certain black hole instabilities. In this regard, a phase transition from unstable to stable is conceivable when the first law order corrections are present. In addition, we study the efficiency of this system as a heat engine and the effect of metric-affine gravity for the physical parameters

,

,

,

, and

. Further, we study the Joule-Thomson coefficient and inversion temperature, and observe the isenthalpic curves in the

plane. In metric-affine gravity, a comparison is made between a van der Waals fluid and a black hole to study their similarities and differences.
4th International Conference on Sustainable Futures: Environmental, Technological, Social and Economic Matters
Authors: Semerikov S O , Chukharev S M , Sakhno S I , Striuk A M , Iatsyshin Andrii V , Klimov S V , Osadchyi V V , Vakaliuk T A , Nechypurenko P P , Bondarenko O V , Danylchuk H B , Artemchuk V O
Published: November 2023

This paper presents the preface of the proceedings for the 4th International Conference on Sustainable Futures: Environmental, Technological, Social, and Economic Matters (ICSF 2023), a multidisciplinary event that explores the challenges and opportunities of sustainability in various domains. The preface outlines the conference’s objectives, themes, workshops, and topics, as well as its contribution to advancing sustainable development and global dialogue. It also acknowledges the efforts and inputs of various stakeholders who have made the conference possible, especially in light of the pandemic situation. Furthermore, it thanks IOP Publishing for its support and flexibility in facilitating open access publishing. The paper concludes by looking forward to future editions of ICSF and the ongoing quest for a more sustainable and interconnected world. The paper invites readers to delve into the rich and diverse content that shapes this influential conference.
Investigation of the influence of lime content in the charge and its quality on the sintering process of iron ore raw materials
Authors: Saveliev S G , Kondratenko M M
Published: November 2023

Main objectives of the work was to study the influence of degree of roasting of lime contained in the charge on the sintering process and sinter quality, as well as comparing the impact of changes in the mass fraction of active CaO in the charge by varying degrees of burning lime, and by varying the content of lime in the charge. It is shown that the intensifying effect of lime on the sintering process occurs as a result of a decrease in the content of small classes in the charge. When the lime content in the charge is equal to 3 %, an increase in the degree of lime firing from 5 to 96 % led to an increase in the specific productivity of the plant from 0.96 to 1.87 t/(m
2 · hour). The independence of sintering parameters from the content of active CaO in lime with its constant content in the sinter charge and the decisive role of the content of active CaO in the sinter charge with its constant content in lime are confirmed. A new approach to the production of lime for agglomeration processes is proposed: it should have the lowest cost of the active CaO contained in it.
Modelling and experimental studies of the stress-strain state of compressed concrete filled steel tube elements of a continuous section
Authors: Yermolenko D A , Sakhno S I , Palyvoda O A , Yanova L O , Pischikova O V
Published: November 2023

Modern building structures must meet the requirements of efficiency and resource-saving. The main direction for implementing these requirements is to reduce the consumption of steel (14–16%) and save cement (10–12%). These tasks can be solved through the rational combination of concrete and steel when they work together and the use of high-strength materials. One embodiment of this task is the use of Concrete Filled Steel Tube (CFST) structures. The purpose of this study is to identify the possibility of using the Drucker-Prager model by comparing the results of test studies on short compressed Concrete Filled Steel Tube (CFST) elements with different strength and deformation characteristics of the concrete core to the results from finite element analysis (FEA) modelling of corresponding CFST elements. Additionally, the behaviour of a steel pipe without a concrete core was investigated. The results show that the FEA method used in this work is sufficiently accurate for studying the behaviours of short CFST elements. The modelling technique adopted in the study made it possible to consider the redistribution of stresses in the concrete and pipe dynamically. The stress distribution patterns inside the concrete during both linear and non-linear deformations of CFST elements, as well as the characteristics of the interaction between the concrete and pipe in the contact zone, have been revealed.
Influence of deformation degree on grains size and borders between them in metal alloys during cold rolling of sheets
Authors: Chubenko V A , Saveliev S G , Khinotska A A , Yarosh T P , Kondratenko M M
Published: November 2023

The internal structure of metal products was investigated and it was identified that it affects quality and workability of equipment parts. Changes that occur in metal products structure during cold treatment by pressure, which lead to changes in physical and mechanical properties of products, have been analyzed. It was established that grains and borders between them, which determine internal structure of metal products, change their shape and size during cold rolling, depending on percentage reduction value. It is offered to consider grain borders as amorphous layer. Methodology has been developed to study influence of deformation degree during cold rolling to grain size of metal internal structure and intergranular layer volume. Intergranular surface area, its volume and part of surface volume from metal volume were determined. Parameters of internal structure of low-carbon steel were calculated depending on reduction value during cold rolling. According to study results, interconnection between grains size and deformation degree was established; and percentage reduction influence to grain size and borders between them was determined, obtaining a minimum standard grain size with percentage reduction of over 80 %; yield strength and its growth for metal alloy during cold rolling are established, which allows controlling the strength of steel by adjusting the grain size and their junction surface. It is shown that with an increase in deformation degree, yield strength of metal product material increases in hyperbolic dependence, and fraction of amorphous layer and strength properties of low-carbon steel change almost equally in exponential functions. It is revealed that during cold rolling, it is possible to control internal properties of obtained product by adjusting reduction value.
Technology of forming a wear-resistant thermite alloy layer based on the Fe-Cr-C system by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis
Authors: Skidin I E , Vodennikova O S , Saithareiev L N , Baboshko D Y , Barmenshinova M B
Published: November 2023

The technology of forming a thermite alloy layer on the basis of Fe-Cr-C system on a metal basis by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis is offered, which allows to obtain cast functionallayers withphysico-mechanical and exploitativeproperties. The optimal technological parameters of the forming a wear-resistant layer of thermite alloy process are determined: the amount of metal filler with the maximum yield of suitable alloy, the heating temperature of the thermite charge and the mold to obtain additional heat, the temperature ranges of the melt to melt the metal base with further formation of the functional layer. Metallographic studies of the obtained wear-resistant layer of thermite allo[y showed that the zone of formation of the functional layer is characterized by the stability of the macrostructure and the positive effect of non-metallic inclusions in the form of Al2O3, which influences the formation of chromium carbides in the obtained alloy by creating the effect of inoculative modification of thermite alloy.
Ceramic-inorganic polymer composites for protection against electromagnetic radiation mechanical properties designing
Authors: Lebedev V V , Miroshnichenko D V , Kryvobok R V , Cherkashina A M , Riabchenko M O
Published: November 2023

The possibility of designing mechanical properties of ceramic-inorganic polymer composites for protection against electromagnetic radiation is considered. As a result, the mechanical properties of polymer composite based on polyamide, modified with ceramic-inorganic graphite-ferromagnetic fillers (silicon carbide, chromium oxide Cr2O3 and graphite) was received and optimized. The strength characteristics complex of ceramic-inorganic polymer composites with silicon carbide SiC, chromium oxide Cr2O3 and graphite content in diapason 5-15 % wt. were studied. It was established that the optimal strength characteristics can be received using binary modification of polyamide with ceramic-inorganic graphite-ferromagnetic fillers: polyamide 6 – SiC 10% wt. – Cr2O3 10% wt. and polyamide 6 – SiC 10% wt. – graphite 10% wt. Using mathematical modeling, it was established that the polyamide 6 – SiC 10% wt system is the most optimal for three-component complex modification with ceramic-inorganic graphite-ferromagnetic fillers – Cr2O3 10% wt. – graphite 10% wt. By design experimental-statistical mathematical models in equal regressions, mathematical optimization of mechanical properties of polymeric ceramic-inorganic composites contains for protection against electromagnetic radiation was carried out. Designed polymer ceramic-inorganic composites for protection against electromagnetic radiation according to their strength characteristics can be used for modern radio absorbing materials production.
Information provision for monitoring the sustainable development of the land and biodiversity
Authors: Chala T , Korepanov O , Lazebnyk I , Chernenko D , Korepanov G
Published: November 2023

The study is focused on gathering information to monitor sustainable land development and biodiversity. The article discusses the objectives and measures required to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 15 “Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss”. This paper shows the results of the analysis of key indicators and values for Ukraine. It also contains the developed conceptual diagram for managing the sustainable development of ecosystems and biodiversity. There were identified the main sources of statistical information, including traditional enterprise-level data and big data, and analyzed changes in indicators for monitoring the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals at micro level under section “Environmental area”. The study also identified potential sources of information for calculating the presented indicators and explored the use of big data to develop an information base for monitoring, evaluating, and policy development related to sustainable land development and biodiversity. Further research and studies are needed to determine the algorithms of data processing, modelling and constructing of integrated indicators.
Atmospheric dispersion modelling and dose projection under high uncertainty conditions
Authors: Artemchuk V O , Kyrylenko Y O , Kameneva I P , Kovach V O , Iatsyshyn Andrii V
Published: November 2023

Understanding the overall magnitude of the deviations that may occur within the results of one or more codes allows avoiding discrepancies in decision making in the context of emergency preparedness and response. The uncertainty of the assessment input data plays a significant role in this. Currently, emergency centers around the world use a number of atmospheric dispersion modelling and dose projection tools that have the same functionality, are used for the same purpose, but may produce different results. This article reveals the problem of uncertainty in the results of atmospheric dispersion modelling and dose projection, which are laid down at the stage of input data for actual software products and decision support systems. The paper lists the main factors that can affect the uncertainty of the assessment results. On the example of the JRODOS system, possible options for describing the source for the spectrum of emergency events at NPPs are considered. Special attention is paid to assimilation of radiation monitoring results and response to hostilities.
On the potential of Ukrainian higher educational establishments to satisfy the demand in personnel for renewable energy development
Authors: Zakharova O V , Usyk L M
Published: November 2023

Green energy is a key factor for achieving global sustainable development goals. Energy safety is the basic condition for any state to function and for any economy to grow. Moreover, stable supply of energy resources is a pre-requisite for supporting adequate life quality level for the population, which is the main function of a state. In this context, the problem of training specialists in green energy has become an object of an increasing research interest in many countries, including Ukraine. Ukraine has not been experiencing any specific problems with energy security since gaining independence in 1991, except for minor issues with natural gas supply. However, in autumn and winter of 2022, the necessity to reconstruct the Ukrainian energy safety system became specifically acute. The factor having caused the problem is of a man-made nature and was brought forth by the neighboring state’s military aggression. Russian military forces have been purposefully and methodically devastating the Ukrainian energy infrastructure with missile strikes over the past several months. Thanks to the technical and technological aid offered by partner countries and introducing emergency power outage schedules across the country, Ukrainian energy companies have managed to sustain the energy system in a relatively operational condition for three months by now. Nevertheless, we should envisage the future challenges and build a strategy for the post-war reconstruction of the Ukrainian energy system. Renewable energy sources have a colossal potential and may become a powerful force in the future development of Ukraine’s energy industry. However, in practice, the energy industry must be supplied with a sufficient number of highly professional specialists to realize this opportunity. On the example of Ukrainian HEIs, this article offers an example and a methodology for analysing higher educational establishments’ potential and preparedness to satisfy the predicted demand in personnel and to ensure sustainable development of the renewable energy market. Another finding of this research is the system of markers to measure the success of an educational programme in green energy which can be applied by educational institutions to build the programme enhancement strategy. Also, the authors define directions for perspective development of energy education in Ukraine.
Contradictions in electric power sector development: Ukraine versus EU
Authors: Khaustova V Y , Salashenko T I
Published: November 2023

Ukraine strives to be a full member of the EU and competitive in its market space, including energy markets. However, the UA electric power sector lags behind the EU common one. To prove this input-output model of electricity flows was constructed, Sankey diagrams were built, and qualitative indicators were determined. Based on the Eurostat dataset we found contradictions in Ukrainian electric power sector development against the European common one from 1991 to 2020. Mainstream trends in EU electric power sector development are decarbonization, development of highly efficient cogeneration, increasing energy efficiency at all stages, decentralization, increasing energy dependency, and all-round electricity penetration. At the same time, key tendencies in the UA electric power sector development were: gas-coal switching, reducing quality and quantity of cogeneration, stable too-low energy efficiency, centralization, isolation and self-sufficiency, and deindustrialization. Comprehending these contradictions determines the way for achieving sustainability in the UA electric power sector after the war.
Application of mining technology by the combination of ANSH equipment to longwall in Seam 6 of Mao Khe coal mine, Viet Nam
Authors: Tien Vu Trung , Mykhailenko O
Published: November 2023

Currently, in the Quang Ninh coalfield, exploiting the seams with medium thickness and dip angle of over 50 degrees is often difficult, so labor productivity and safety are low. It is necessary to research and apply advanced mining technology to medium thickness seams with dip angle of over 50 degrees in order to improve efficiency and safety. Studying the actual production in the Mao Khe coal mine shows that the mining technology for the condition of the seam with medium thickness, and dip angle over 50 degrees is mainly mining technology by drilling and blasting. This technology has the disadvantage of low labor productivity and unsafety. In this paper, the authors have researched and proposed mining technology by the combination of ANSH equipment to exploit the longwall in Seam 6 of Mao Khe coal mine. This is a fully mechanized mining technology, coal cutting by plow, combined with shield. Analysis of economic and technical indicators shows that this technology has been more effective and productive than the mining technology currently applied in other coal mines. This application will benefit not only Mao Khe coal mine, but also to other coal mines of Quang Ninh coalfield with similar coal seam conditions.