bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bilateral Chronic Quadriceps Tendon Ruptures Treated with Hamstring Autograft Reconstruction
Authors: Feldman Matthew W. , Wade Sean M. , McCarthy Conor F. , Kinnard Matthew J. , Avery Anthony L.
Published: February 2023

Case:

A 30-year-old semiprofessional football player presented with chronic bilateral quadriceps tendon ruptures. Both quadriceps tendon ruptures were unsuitable for isolated primary repair because of tendon retraction and immobility. A novel reconstruction technique using semitendinosus and gracilis tendon autografts was performed to restore both lower extremities’ disrupted extensor mechanisms. At the final follow-up, the patient regained excellent motion of both knees and returned to high-intensity activity.

Conclusion:

Chronic quadriceps tendon ruptures present challenges related to tendon quality and mobilization. Reconstruction with hamstring autograft using a Pulvertaft weave through the retracted quadriceps tendon in a high-demand athletic patient represents a novel approach for treating this injury.
Análise econômica dos planos de saúde: há racionalidade na regulação indutora de saúde suplementar preventiva?
Authors: Franklin Eduardo Henrique
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: Analisar a regulação setorial de saúde suplementar e refletir sobre a racionalidade de uma regulação indutora de saúde preventiva. Métodos: Foi feita uma descrição do mercado de planos de saúde brasileiro a partir de uma concepção de análise econômica do direito. Em seguida, foram descritos os impactos no modelo econômico desenvolvido resultantes da adoção de uma assistência voltada à saúde preventiva. Finalmente, foi avaliada a regulação indutora de saúde preventiva. Resultados: Há racionalidade no desenvolvimento de programas de promoção de saúde e prevenção de doenças por operadoras de planos de saúde. A disseminação do modelo, entretanto, envolve fatores como a gestão em saúde, a disponibilidade de equipe especializada e, sobretudo, a regulação em saúde suplementar. Este último fator, por meio do exercício de funções normativas e fiscalizatórias, pode ser capaz de induzir o mercado para um modelo de saúde preventiva. Conclusão: Em que pese a teoria econômica indicar a racionalidade da implantação de um modelo assistencial com foco de saúde preventiva, verifica-se que o mercado de saúde suplementar brasileiro não se desenvolveu nesse sentido. É esperado que a regulação estatal seja uma ferramenta de indução a um modelo assistencial que seja benéfico aos agentes do mercado, o que ainda não ocorreu no caso em análise.
Custeio Baseado em Atividade e Tempo (TDABC) do modelo CEDMAC de terapia assistida para dispensação de medicamentos imunobiológicos para doenças reumatológicas no SUS
Authors: Lopes Michelle , Moraes Julio Cesar , Bonfá Eloisa , Gegembauer Hugo
Published: February 2023

Objetivos: Mensurar o custo dos procedimentos de infusão de imunobiológicos no modelo CEDMAC (Centro de Dispensação de Medicações de Alto Custo) e estimar o custo-minimização integral gerada pela existência desse modelo. Métodos: A metodologia de Custeio Baseado em Atividade e Tempo (TDABC) foi usada para calcular os custos dos procedimentos. Tempos de atividades, capacidades máximas de atendimento e fluxos dos processos internos foram obtidos em entrevistas e validados por meio de acompanhamento de pacientes. Os procedimentos foram categorizados em três tipos: a) aplicação subcutânea, b) infusão endovenosa rápida e c) infusão endovenosa longa. O custo-minimização foi estimado a partir de análise de 2017 para pacientes com artrite reumatoide (AR). Resultados: Ao longo de 2019, foram realizados 12.074 atendimentos no CEDMAC. Desses atendimentos, 60% foram de aplicação subcutânea (custo de R$ 117,90), 30%, de infusão endovenosa rápida (custo de R$ 169,90) e 10%, de endovenosa longa (custo de R$ 217,50). Usando a análise realizada em 2017, foi possível calcular o custo-minimização integral do modelo (uma economia líquida estimada de R$ 1.258.024,26 ao ano) e também extrapolar esses valores para todo o SUS caso o modelo fosse difundido no país (uma economia líquida estimada de R$ 189.401.652,88). Conclusão: Utilizando o método de TDABC, foi possível realizar de maneira rápida e eficiente o custeio dos principais procedimentos realizados no modelo CEDMAC. Essa análise embasará a solicitação da incorporação desses procedimentos na tabela unificada do SUS. Caso os procedimentos sejam incorporados e o modelo CEDMAC, difundido pelo Brasil, estima-se que a economia gerada seja da ordem de 189 milhões de reais ao ano.
Direct costs associated with lupus nephritis management in the Private Healthcare System in Brazil: an expert panel perspective
Authors: Silva Danielle O. , David Nathalie , Kano Bruce Y. , Kashiura Diego , Monticielo Odirlei A. , Hayata André , Gazzotti Mariana R. , Bernardino Graziela
Published: February 2023

Objective: To estimate direct medical costs of lupus nephritis (LN) in the Brazilian private healthcare system. Methods: An expert panel of five specialists were convened to discuss health resource usage in LN patient management. The discussion included diagnosis, treatment, and disease monitoring, including dialysis and kidney transplantation. Unit costs (in BRL) were obtained from public sources, and an estimation of 1-year costs was conducted. Results: Approximately 76.0% of patients with LN undergo kidney biopsy, of which 48.1% present with LN classes III–IV and 21.4% have class V. Around 67.5% of patients with LN classes III–IV experience an average of four renal flares annually. Overall, 20.3% of patients present refractory LN, and 10.3% have end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), requiring dialysis and kidney transplantation. Estimated total weighted annual costs per patient were BRL 115,824.81 for LN classes III–IV, BRL 85,684.79 for LN class V, BRL 115,594.98 for refractory LN; and BRL 325,712.88 for ESKD. The main annual cost driver for LN classes III–IV was renal flares (BRL 60,240.41; 52.0%) and dialysis for LN class V (BRL 31,128.38; 36.3%). Conclusions: Total direct costs increase when LN progresses to ESKD. Although it is challenging to improve the diagnosis, identification of the disease at an early stage, together with rapid initiation of treatment, are fundamental elements to optimize results, potentially reducing costs to the system and the impact of disease burden and quality of life on patients.
Intervenções farmacêuticas em Unidade de Pronto Atendimento: uma análise farmacoterapêutica e farmacoeconômica
Authors: Lima Mateus Augusto , Rosa Michele , Meyrelles Daisid
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: Esclarecer o impacto farmacoterapêutico e farmacoeconômico das intervenções farmacêuticas em serviços de urgência e emergência. Métodos: Estudo de intervenção conduzido em uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento. Os pacientes admitidos na pesquisa receberam acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico por meio de avaliação e intervenção na farmacoterapia. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 197 pacientes majoritariamente feminino, comórbidos, com média de idade de 43 anos ± 13. Foram realizadas intervenções em 130 destes, com aceitação de 83% por parte da equipe de assistência. As intervenções também repercutiram na farmacoeconomia, proporcionando uma redução de custos de 35% em comparação ao semestre anterior. Conclusão: Nossos resultados expressaram que a presença do farmacêutico clínico é essencial para farmacoterapias otimizadas e redução de custos hospitalares.
Network Pharmacology Approach to LHQW Indicates Naringenin Targets Several Core Proteins to Regulate Multiple Biological Pathways to Treat and Prevent PRRSV-associated Pneumonia
Authors: Huang Cai-Yun , Liu Lin , He Yan-Xia , Zhang Yang , Guo Xiao-Yin , Wu Bao-Qing
Published: February 2023

Background
Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome(PRRS) is still the most undermine viral disease in hog(Sus scrofa domestica,Sus) farming without effective drug of treatment. This study is aimed to discover its molecular mechanism and provide potential drug targets of LHQW(Lanhua Qingwen) against PRRS.
Methods
An LHQW target gene set was established from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database(TCMSP) and Integrative Pharmacology-based Research Platform of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCMIP),PRRSV(Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus)-associated pneumonia–related gene set was obtained from 5 disease-gene databases.,Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were performed to discover the potential proteins.Molecular docking was performed to identify the patterns of interactions between the effective molecules and targeted proteins.
Results
A total of 509 bioactive ingredients and 255 targets of LHQW as well as 2738 PRRSV-associated pneumonia genes were obtained.The GO and KEGG indicated that LHQW can act by regulating stress response,virus infection and immune response.PPI networks and subnetworks identified 9 core genes.The molecular docking was conducted on the most significant gene MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 3(MAPK3) and other genes of RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase(AKT1),estrogen receptor 1(ESR1),MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 1(MAPK1),transcription factor p65(RELA) and Heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha(HSP90AA1),which are involved in virus infection,inflammation and oxidative stress pathways.Naringenin can target simultaneously the active pockets of these 6 proteins which exerting potential therapeutic effects in PRRS.
Conclusions
The network pharmacological strategy integrates molecular docking to unravel the molecular mechanism of LHQW.Naringenin is a promising molecule for target of MAPK3,AKT1,ESR1,MAPK1,RELA and HSP90AA1 involving in oxidative stress,metabolic regulation,anti-inflammatory and immune defence pathways to treat PRRSV-associated pneumonia.
Factors associated with increased risk of playing-related disorders among music students. Results of the Risk of Music Students (RISMUS) longitudinal study
Authors: Cruder Cinzia , Soldini Emiliano , Gleeson Nigel , Barbero Marco
Published: February 2023

Playing-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs) are common among musicians but longitudinal data on risk factors are limited. The aim of the study was to longitudinally identify the factors associated with increased risk of PRMD onset among music students enrolled in different pan-European music institutions.
Eight hundred and fifty students from 56 European music universities completed a web-based questionnaire on lifestyle and physical activity participation levels, musical practice habits, behaviours toward prevention, health history and PRMDs, as well as psychological distress, perfectionism and fatigue. PRMD onset was assessed prospectively at 6 and 12 months.
Changes in physical activity level (6-month AOR=2.343, 12-month-AOR=2.346; AOR>1), increased levels of fatigue (6-month AOR=1.084, 12-month-AOR=1.081; AOR>1) and of socially-prescribed perfectionism (6-month AOR=1.102; AOR>1) were significantly associated with PRMD onset. The presence of MSK complaints at baseline (6-month AOR=0.145, 12-month-AOR=0.441; AOR<1) and changes to BMI (12-month AOR=0.663; AOR<1) limited the onset of PRMDs. The incidence of PRMD at 6 and 12 months were 28.8% and 49.0%, respectively.
Longitudinal findings have been appraised as potential factors for PRMD onset, addressing the lack of any similar type of data in the current literature, while offering a novel contextualisation for revisiting contemporary evidence-based preventive strategies to minimise the impact of PRMDs.
Innovative-oriented start-ups across countries: Conditions for the positive effect of a financial system
Authors: Reddy Colin David
Published: February 2023

This study sets out to examine the effect of financial systems on the share of a nation's start-ups that are innovative-oriented. The study combines the national business systems perspective with the resource-based view to argue that the financial system substitutes for a weak state and skill development system. This argument is supported by an analysis of a panel data set comprising 283 country-year data over five years. The study shows that it is necessary to model innovative entrepreneurship differently than other aspirational entrepreneurship forms. Because innovations develop out of the efforts of multiple actors, it becomes necessary to model an interaction between system components.
Stories of a water-table: anomalous depressions, aquitard breaches and seasonal implications, Shelby County, Tennessee, USA.
Authors: Lozano-Medina Daniela , Waldron Brian , Schoefernacker Scott , Antipova Anzhelika , Villalpando-Vizcaino Rodrigo
Published: February 2023

An extensive water level survey of the water-table aquifer (i.e., shallow aquifer) within Shelby County, Tennessee, was conducted in the dry (Fall 2020) and wet (Spring 2021) seasons. Water-table surfaces were generated using cokriging to observe seasonal differences to identify anomalous water-table depressions, indicative of an underlying aquitard breach. Seasonal differences were attributed to non-coincident control and timing between the surveys as well as when optimum dry (fall) and wet (spring) conditions existed, as observed through comparisons with continuous historical water levels from 12 shallow monitoring wells. Additionally, data from Fall 2020 were compared to previous studies in 2005 and 2015 to determine decadal changes in levels and shape of the water-table surface which were mostly attributed to changes in data control and potential climate variations. A prediction error map was generated from the 2020 dataset to identify areas of the county with high-prediction error (> 7.0 m) to offer guidance on where future well control would be optimal.
Evaluating the mouse neural precursor line, SN4741, as a suitable proxy for midbrain dopaminergic neurons
Authors: Boyd Rachel J. , McClymont Sarah A. , Barrientos Nelson B. , Hook Paul W. , Law William D. , Rose Rebecca J. , Waite Eric L. , Rathinavelu Jay , Avramopoulos Dimitrios , McCallion Andrew S.
Published: February 2023

To overcome the ethical and technical limitations of in vivo human disease models, the broader scientific community frequently employs model organism-derived cell lines to investigate of disease mechanisms, pathways, and therapeutic strategies. Despite the widespread use of certain in vitro models, many still lack contemporary genomic analysis supporting their use as a proxy for the affected human cells and tissues. Consequently, it is imperative to determine how accurately and effectively any proposed biological surrogate may reflect the biological processes it is assumed to model. One such cellular surrogate of human disease is the established mouse neural precursor cell line, SN4741, which has been used to elucidate mechanisms of neurotoxicity in Parkinson disease for over 25 years. Here, we are using a combination of classic and contemporary genomic techniques – karyotyping, RT-qPCR, single cell RNA-seq, bulk RNA-seq, and ATAC-seq – to characterize the transcriptional landscape, chromatin landscape, and genomic architecture of this cell line, and evaluate its suitability as a proxy for midbrain dopaminergic neurons in the study of Parkinson disease. We find that SN4741 cells possess an unstable triploidy and consistently exhibits low expression of dopaminergic neuron markers across assays, even when the cell line is shifted to the non-permissive temperature that drives differentiation. The transcriptional signatures of SN4741 cells suggest that they are maintained in an undifferentiated state at the permissive temperature and differentiate into immature neurons at the non-permissive temperature; however, they may not be dopaminergic neuron precursors, as previously suggested. Additionally, the chromatin landscapes of SN4741 cells, in both the differentiated and undifferentiated states, are not concordant with the open chromatin profiles of ex vivo, mouse E15.5 forebrain- or midbrain-derived dopaminergic neurons. Overall, our data suggest that SN4741 cells may reflect early aspects of neuronal differentiation but are likely not a suitable a proxy for dopaminergic neurons as previously thought. The implications of this study extend broadly, illuminating the need for robust biological and genomic rationale underpinning the use of in vitro models of molecular processes.
Efficacy and safety of duloxetine in chronic musculoskeletal pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ma Xuezhi , Zhou Shijie , Sun Wenyuan , Sun Jie , Li Guangguang , Wang Lining , Guo Yang
Published: February 2023

Background
Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) is a complex pain condition, and the treatment of CMP is mainly based on analgesic drugs now. Psychotherapy is a non-negligible factor in the treatment of CMP. Duloxetine, as a means of psychological intervention, is an effective treatment option for CMP patients. This article aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of duloxetine in the treatment of CMP.
Databases and Data Treatment:
We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library from inception to May, 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy and safety of duloxetine versus placebo in CMP patients were included. We identified 13 articles and studied a population of 4201 participants in 4 countries.
Results
This meta-analysis showed that the duloxetine has statistically significant compared with the placebo control, benefits on 24-hour average pain, living quality, physical function, and global impressions and there was no difference in the incidence of serious adverse event. In general, psychotherapy can improve mood and pain level at the same time.
Conclusions
This review shows a significant contribution of duloxetine to CMP symptom relief. This meta-analysis improved that duloxetine can significantly reduce the pain level of patients, improve depressive symptoms and global impression, and has no obvious serious adverse reactions. However, additional studies are required to confirm the relationship between psychological diseases and chronic pain and explore their internal links.
A Case Report of Brain abscess due to Prevotella oris and Review of the Literature
Authors: Yue Wei , Li Chenlu , Lv Chaonan , Yu Miao , Zhang Yajing , Ling Ling
Published: February 2023

Background
Brain abscess caused by Prevotella oris is rarely reported. Here we described a case of brain infection from Prevotella oris detected by the metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS).
Case presentation
A 63-year-old man with no medical history reported headache in the right frontotemporal region, fever, and intermittent diplopia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed abnormal signals and enhancement changes in sellar region, superior sellar region. mNGS testing showed that the cerebrospinal fluid collected from spinal was detected positively for Prevotella oris. After receiving the combined treatment of antibiotic therapy, the patient recovered well.
Conclusion
We review the relevant literature and try to summarize the characteristics and prognosis of bacterial infection, to provide ideas for clinicians to diagnose and treat disease.
Priming locomotor training with transspinal stimulation in people with spinal cord injury: study protocol of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Skiadopoulos Andreas , Famodimu Grace O. , Solomon Shammah K. , Agrawal Parul , Harel Noam Y. , Knikou Maria
Published: February 2023

Background: The seemingly simple tasks of standing and walking require continuous integration of complex spinal reflex circuits between descending motor commands and ascending sensory inputs. Spinal cord injury greatly impairs standing and walking ability, but both improve with locomotor training. However, even after multiple locomotor training sessions, abnormal muscle activity and coordination persist. Thus, locomotor training alone cannot fully optimize the neuronal plasticity required to strengthen the synapses connecting the brain, spinal cord, and local circuits and potentiate neuronal activity based on need. Transcutaneous spinal cord (transspinal) stimulation alters motoneuron excitability over multiple segments by bringing motoneurons closer to threshold, a prerequisite for effectively promoting spinal locomotor network neuromodulation and strengthening neural connectivity of the injured human spinal cord. Importantly, whether concurrent treatment with transspinal stimulation and locomotor training maximizes motor recovery after spinal cord injury is unknown.
Methods: Forty-five individuals with chronic spinal cord injury are receiving 40 sessions of robotic gait training primed with 30 Hz transspinal stimulation at the Thoracic 10 vertebral level. Participants are randomized to receive 30-minutes of active or sham transspinal stimulation during standing or active transspinal stimulation while supine followed by 30-minutes of robotic gait training. Over the course of locomotor training, the body weight support, treadmill speed, and leg guidance force are adjusted as needed for each participant based on absence of knee buckling during the stance phase and toe dragging during the swing phase. At baseline and after completion of all therapeutic sessions, neurophysiological recordings registering corticospinal and spinal neural excitability changes along with clinical assessment measures of standing and walking, and autonomic function via questionnaires regarding bowel, bladder and sexual function are taken.
Discussion: The results of this mechanistic randomized clinical trial will demonstrate that tonic transspinal stimulation strengthens corticomotoneuronal connectivity and dynamic neuromodulation through posture-dependent corticospinal and spinal neuroplasticity. We anticipate that this mechanistic clinical trial will greatly impact clinical practice because in real-world clinical settings, noninvasive transspinal stimulation can be more easily and widely implemented than invasive epidural stimulation. Additionally, by applying multiple interventions to accelerate motor recovery, we are employing a treatment regimen that reflects a true clinical approach.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04807764; Registered on March 19, 2021.
Investigating the agreement between methods of different precision
Authors: Borga Magnus
Published: February 2023

Background

Agreement between measurement methods is commonly investigated by a so-called Bland-Altman plot which, among other things, shows if the difference between the methods is independent of the size of the measurement. However, such analysis assumes that both methods have the same precision. If not, the plot may show a false trend caused by the difference in precision and not by an actual dependence on the size of the measurement. To solve this problem, we suggest a modification of the Bland-Altman plot such that the differences are plotted against an inverse-variance weighted average of the measurements rather than their mean.

Methods

We show analytically that the proposed modification indeed removes the linear bias component caused by differences in within-subject variance between the methods. We also illustrate the effects of true linear dependency and differences in precision on Bland-Altman plots of synthetic data with and without the proposed modification. Finally, we show the effect of this modification on real data with a significant difference in within-subject variance between the methods.

Results

In contrast to the standard Bland-Altman analysis, the slope of the bias in the synthetic data was correctly estimated by the proposed method. On real data, the linear trend observed in the standard Bland-Altman plot was almost completely removed with the proposed method.

Conclusions

This study shows that the proposed modification of the Bland-Altman analysis removes the false trends caused by differences in precision between the two methods when investigating their agreement.
IGF2BP3 promotes adult myocardial regeneration by stabilizing MMP3 mRNA through interaction with m6A modification
Authors: Zhang Liangqing , Li Simeng , Shen Siman , Xu Hao , Cai Shuyun , Yuan Xiaodong , Wang Changsen , Zhang Xiaojun , Chen Suyun , Chen Jianning , Shi De-li
Published: February 2023

Myocardial infarction that causes damage to heart muscle can lead to heart failure. The identification of molecular mechanisms promoting myocardial regeneration represents a promising strategy to improve cardiac function. Here we show that IGF2BP3 plays an important role in regulating adult cardiomyocyte proliferation and regeneration in a mouse model of myocardial infarction. IGF2BP3 expression progressively decreases during postnatal development and becomes undetectable in the adult heart. However, it is strongly upregulated after cardiac injury. Both gain- and loss-of-function analyses indicate that IGF2BP3 regulates cardiomyocyte proliferation in vitro and in vivo. In particular, IGF2BP3 promotes cardiac regeneration and improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that IGF2BP3 binds to and stabilizes MMP3 mRNA through interaction with N6-methyladenosine modification. The expression of MMP3 protein is also progressively downregulated during postnatal development. Functional analyses indicate that MMP3 acts downstream of IGF2BP3 to regulate cardiomyocyte proliferation. These results suggest that IGF2BP3-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of extracellular matrix and tissue remodeling contributes to cardiomyocyte regeneration. They should help to define therapeutic strategy for ameliorating myocardial infarction by inducing cell proliferation and heart repair.
Knowledge and practice of nurses towards preventing Catheter-related Urinary Tract Infection and its associated factors at the governmental referral hospitals of West Oromia, Ethiopia, 2022. A facility-based cross-sectional study design
Authors: Zewdie Ashenafi , Gebremariam Tesfamichael , Asfaw Sr. Nini , Muche Wondimu , Dessalegne Sr. Alemwork
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections have been highly associated with patient discomfort, increased hospitalization and healthcare costs, morbidity and mortality. Lack of knowledge and practice among nurses regarding basic infection control protocols could lead to hospital-acquired infections. Therefore, this study aimed to assess knowledge, practice and associated factors of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections prevention among nurses working at referral hospitals in the West Oromia region, Ethiopia, 2022.
Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 423 nurses at five referral hospitals of the West Oromia region from May1-20, 2022. A simple random sampling technique was used to select nurses. A pre-tested and structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data, and then coded and entered into EPI- Data version 4.6; cleaned and analyzed using Stata version 16.0. All variables with P-value < 0.25 in the binary logistic regression analyses were included in the multivariable regression analysis. The degree of the association was interpreted by using the adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals, and the significance level was declared at P-value < 0.05. The Hosmer–Lemeshow test was checked for the fitness of the model.
Results: Among 423 nurses, 411(97.2%) nurses participated. This study found that the knowledge and practice of nurses toward preventing Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections was 57.9% with 95% CI (53.1, 62.6) and 54.5% with 95% CI (49.6, 59.3) respectively. Good knowledge was significantly associated with working experience [AOR = 2.8, 95% CI (1.5, 5)], training [AOR = 2.1, 95% CI (1.04, 4.2)] and had guideline [AOR = 2.6, 95% CI (1.3, 5.4)]. Good practice was significantly associated with the work experience [AOR = 2, 95%CI (1.05, 4.05)], guideline [AOR = 2.3, 95% CI (1.02, 5.2)], training [AOR = 2.3, 95% CI (1.06, 5.1)] and good knowledge [AOR = 8.7, 95% CI (5.1, 14.8)].
Conclusion: This study showed that more than half of nurses had good knowledge and good practice regarding preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections, and were significantly associated with work experience, training and guideline.
Individual supported work placements (ReISE) for improving sustained return to work in unemployed people with persistent pain: study protocol for a cohort randomised controlled trial with embedded economic and process evaluations.
Authors: Amundsen Pål André , Underwood Martin , Burton Kim , Grotle Margreth , Malmberg-Heimonen Ira , Kisa Adnan , Småstuen Milada Cvancarova , Holmgard Thor Einar , Martinsen Amy , Lothe Jakob , Irgens Pernille Marie Stähr , Højen Magnus , Monsen Sølvi Spilde , Froud Robert
Published: February 2023

Background
Around one-third of workdays lost in Norway are due to musculoskeletal conditions, with persistent (chronic) pain being the most frequent cause of sick leave and work disability. Increasing work participation for people with persistent pain improves their health, quality of life, well-being, and reduces poverty; however, it is not clear how to best help unemployed people who have persistent pain to return to work. The aim of this study is to examine if a matched work placement intervention featuring case manager support and work-focused healthcare improves return to work rates and quality of life for people in Norway.
Methods
We will use a cohort randomised controlled approach to test the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a matched work placement intervention featuring case manager support and work-focused healthcare compared to those receiving usual care in the cohort alone. We will recruit people aged 18-64, who have been out of work for at least one month, had pain for more than three months, and want to work. Initially, all (n= 228) will be recruited to an observational cohort study on the impact of being unemployed with persistent pain. We will then randomly select one in three to be offered the intervention. The primary outcome of sustained return to work will be measured using registry and self-reported data, while secondary outcomes include self-reported levels of health-related quality of life, and physical and mental health. Outcomes will be measured at baseline and three-, six- and 12-months post-randomisation. We will run a process evaluation parallel to the intervention exploring implementation, continuity of the intervention, reasons for participating, declining participation, and mechanisms behind cases of sustained return to work. An economic evaluation of the trial process will also be conducted.
Discussion
The ReISE intervention is designed to increase work participation for people with persistent pain. The intervention has the potential to improve work ability by collaboratively navigating obstacles to working. If successful, the intervention may be a viable option for helping people in this population.
Trial Registration
ISRCTN registry: 85437524 Registered 30/03/2022
Comparable Effectiveness of Organic Mulch and Conventional Insecticides in Managing Sweetpotato Weevils and Millipede on Selected Sweetpotato Varieties
Authors: Rwegasira Gration M.
Published: February 2023

Organic produce have of recent been among the positive outlook for health safety in bids to avoid the bad impact of synthetic insecticides to human and the environment. The use of non-chemical control measures has been practiced on sweetpotato weevils with uncertainty. Very often, farmers either do nothing or rely heavily on synthetic insecticides. Field experiments were conducted from 2015 to 2016 to assess the effectiveness of grass mulch in controlling sweetpotato weevils and millipede on sweetpotato tubers at TARI, Kibaha in Tanzania. Comparison was made with Dimethoate 40EC insecticide and a negative control treatment where no weevil management technique was applied. The treatments were tested on four popular and farmer preferred sweetpotato varieties; Ukerewe, Simama, Mataya and Kiegea established on naturally infested fields. Obtained results suggested that the use of mulch significantly (P < 0.05) increased sweetpotato yield (weight) and but did not reduce Cylas puncticollis infestation on roots. The influence of test varieties on C. puncticollis infestation were highly significant (P < 0.005). The effect of dipping sweetpotato vines into Dimethoate 40EC against C. puncticollis and millipedes prior to planting was insignificant (P > 0.05). Conclusively, neither grass mulch nor Dimethoate 40EC insecticides may offer effective control of sweetpotato weevils in pest endemic areas.
Clinical prediction score for prolonged length of hospital stay in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Prasetyo Bambang Tri , Kurniawan Ricky Gusanto , Rilianto Beny , Windiani Pratiwi Raissa , Gotama Kelvin Theandro , Salam Sardiana , Sari Ita Muharram , Musridharta Eka , Arham Abrar , Kusdiansah Muhammad , Kiemas Lyna Soertidewi , Bustami Mursyid
Published: February 2023

Background: Length of stay (LOS) is an important indicator for optimizing health services and hospital financing efficiency in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) patients. The purpose of this study was to develop a scoring model to predict the LOS of aSAH.
Method: The clinical scoring was developed based on retrospectively-collected data from the cerebral aneurysm registry of the National Brain Center Hospital, Jakarta, from January 2019 to June 2022. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratio for risk-adjusted prolonged LOS. LOS’ predictors were obtained based on the regression coefficients and converted into a point score model.
Results: Of the 209 aSAH patients observed, 117 patients had prolonged LOS (>14 days of hospital stay). A clinical score was developed with a range of 0-7 points. Four variables were chosen as predictors of prolonged LOS: presence of high-grade aSAH (1 point), aneurysm treatment (endovascular coiling: 1 point; surgical clipping: 2 points), cardiovascular comorbidities (1 point), and hospital-acquired pneumonia (3 points). The score showed good discrimination with an area under the receiving operating characteristics curve (AUC) of 0.8183 (SE 0.0278) and p-value for the Hosmer–Lemeshow (HL) goodness-of-fit of 0.9322.
Conclusion: This simple clinical score reliably predicted prolonged LOS in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage cases and may aid clinicians in improving patient outcomes and decreasing healthcare costs.
Exploring elderly patient’s experience and concerns of early ambulation implemented in postoperative care following lumbar spinal surgery: a qualitative study
Authors: Huang Jie , Li Pan , Wang Huiting , Lv Chenxi , Han Jing , Lu Xuemei
Published: February 2023

Background: Given the apparent benefits, the implementation of early ambulation is becoming increasingly important in spinal surgery. The timing for patients first time get out of bed for ambulation after spinal surgery has a wide range. Since Jan 2022, we conducted a study of early ambulation (ambulated within 4h postoperatively) in elderly patients following long-segments lumbar decompression and fusion surgery. In order to better understand elderly patients’ perceptions of the early ambulation, clarify controversies, and ultimately contribute to the improvement of elderly patients’ perioperative experience and also the quality of life, we carried out this qualitative approach.
Methods: A qualitative description design with face-to-face semi-structured interviews was used. Twenty-four patients were enrolled in participating and completing this qualitative investigation from February to June 2022. Interviews were audio-recorded, and content analysis was used for data analysis.
Results: Six themes were identified from this study about patient’s experience and concerns on early ambulation: Worries, Benefits, Daily Routines, Pain, Education and Supports. The findings showed the obstacles in early ambulation practice and highlighted the importance of education on early ambulation in the perioperative hospitalization.
Conclusions: Unequivocal guidance for early ambulation and multidisciplinary ambulation protocol, including comprehensive pain management plan are essential to induce patient education, which may have positive effects on reducing stress and getting rid of anxiety for postoperative early ambulation.
Mediating Effect of Amygdala Activity on Responses to Fear vs. Happiness in Youths with Disruptive Mood and Behavior Disorders
Authors: Suk Jiwoo , Blair R. J. R. , Vaughan Brigette , Lerdahl Arica , Garvey William F. , Edwards Ryan , Leibenluft Ellen , Hwang Soonjo
Published: February 2023

Irritability, characterized by a tendency to exhibit increased anger, is a common clinical problem in youth. This study investigated relationships among irritability, selective impairment in process of facial emotion, and neural responses in amygdala in youth with irritability during implicit emotion processing task under functional MRI (fMRI). Fifty-nine youths with disruptive mood and behavior disorder completed a facial expression processing task with an event-related fMRI paradigm. We found a positive relationship between irritability and RT difference between negative (fear) and positive (happiness) facial expressions. Increased irritability was associated with a longer reaction time toward positive vs. negative facial expressions. Irritability was also positively associated with the difference of amygdala blood oxygen level dependent responses between the two emotional conditions (happiness > fear). This difference in amygdala activity mediated the interaction between irritability and the RT difference between negative and positive facial expressions. We suggest that impairment in the implicit processing of facial emotional expressions with different valences causes distinct patterns of amygdala response, which correlate with the level of irritability.
A High-Sensitivity Ionization Humidity Sensor Based on Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Zhang Yong , Cheng Zhenzhen , Deng Yuangang , Wang Ruizhe , ALKADHIM Saif aldeen Saad Obayes , Muhammad Waqas , Li Xiaoyu , Wang Chunqi , Wang Shudong , Li Yunjia
Published: February 2023

Monitoring relative humidity accurately is essential for health, comfort, agriculture, food processing, storage, and making electronics. Because of this, it is imperative to know how much water is in different situations and materials in a precise and reliable way. Carbon materials have gained interest in humidity sensing due to their diverse surface chemistry and structural design abilities. Here, a new ionization relative humidity sensor was proposed. It had a carbon nanotube cathode, an extracting electrode, and a collecting electrode. The sensitive mechanism of the humidity sensor is studied based on how water vapor reacts when it collides with ions. The results show that the three-electrode sensor is much more sensitive than the two-electrode, resonant, resistive, and capacitive ionization-based relative humidity sensors. At the same time, the three-electrode humidity sensor has the widest range of detection of all the humidity sensors. At a 90V extraction voltage, single-value sensitive characteristics were obtained in the range of 25–100% RH in nitrogen (N2) and 30–100% RH in air. The maximum sensitivity is 381.67% RH− 1 and 11.83% RH− 1, respectively. Furthermore, the remarkable consistency indicates broad application possibilities of the three-electrode humidity sensor.
Chemical Entity Normalization for Successful Translational Development of Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia Therapeutics
Authors: Mullin Sarah , McDougal Robert , Cheung Kei-Hoi , Kilicoglu Halil , Beck Amanda , Zeiss Caroline J
Published: February 2023

Background: Identifying chemical mentions within the Alzheimer’s and dementia literature can provide a powerful tool to further therapeutic research. Leveraging the Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) ontology, which is rich in hierarchical and other relationship types, for entity normalization can provide an advantage for future downstream applications. We provide a reproducible hybrid approach that combines an ontology-enhanced PubMedBERT model for disambiguation with a dictionary-based method for candidate selection.
Results: There were 56,553 chemical mentions in the titles of 44,812 unique PubMed article abstracts. Based on our gold standard, our method of disambiguation improved entity normalization by 25.3 percentage points compared to using only the dictionary-based approach with fuzzy-string matching for disambiguation. For our Alzheimer’s and dementia cohort, we were able to add 47.1% more potential mappings between MeSH and ChEBI when compared to BioPortal.
Conclusion: Use of natural language models like PubMedBERT and resources such as ChEBI and PubChem provide a beneficial way to link entity mentions to ontology terms, while further supporting downstream tasks like filtering ChEBI mentions based on roles and assertions to find beneficial therapies for Alzheimer’s and dementia.
Factors associated with the prevalence of depression among people with oculocutaneous albinism in Jinja,Uganda.A cross sectional study
Authors: Gaylord Inena wa inena , Patricia Binti Mosunga , Sebastien EtongoMozebo , Rachel Alinatwe , Ogik Peter , Faruck Kizza , Karuma Fazira , Pierre Ciza , Limengo Bambale , Roger Ilunga Muland , Muhumuza Joshua , Bives Mutume Nzanzu , Rehmus Wingfield , Ben Forry , Joseph Kirabira
Published: February 2023

Background
Depression is among the common psychiatric disorders with high prevalence in the general population.This prevalence is higher in vulnerable populations including people living with albinism. Despite the fact that several aspects linked with it have been found among people with oculocutaneous albinism in the Busoga region, limited information is available regarding prevalence of depression and its associated factors in the study area.The main objective of the present study was to determine the factors associated with the prevalence of depression among people with oculocutaneous albinism in Jinja.
Methods
A cross-sectional design was used to capture data from a study sample size of 384 adults living with oculocutaneous albinism who were involved in completion of the screening tests for depression Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25(HSCL-25).The summation of scores for depression were averaged and the probable depression determined for each participant using a cut-off of 1.75. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine associations between depression outcomes, socio-demographic and psychomedical factors.
Results
The analyses revealed that the prevalence of depression among people with oculocutaneous albinism in Jinjacity stands at 65.4%. Depression was significantly associated with age (AOR = 1.059, 95% CI = 1.020–1.100, P = 0.003), lack of family support (AOR = 0.505, 95% CI = 0.286–0.892, P = 0.019), history of diabetes mellitus (AOR = 12.030, 95% CI = 1.117–12.961, P = 0.040), marital status by being married(AOR = 0.505, 95% CI = 0.286–0.892, P = 0.019) and taking chronically medication (AOR = 6.583, 95% CI = 1.618–26.782, P = 0.008).
Conclusions
These findings show that the estimated prevalence of depression among people with oculocutaneous albinism in the study area is high and worrying. Age, marital status, lack of family support, history of diabetes mellitus, and taking chronically medication are important risk factors associated with the prevalence of depressive disorders. Strategies targeting early interventions are needed in order to reduce risk factors of the disease and improve the quality of life of people with oculocutaneous albinism in Jinja.
Cancer immunity marker RNA expression levels across gynecologic cancers: Implications for immunotherapy
Authors: Jou Jessica , Kato Shumei , Miyashita Hirotaka , Thangathurai Kartheeswaran , Pabla Sarabjot , DePietro Paul , Nesline Mary , Conroy Jeffrey , Rubin Eitan , Eskander Ramez , Kurzrock Razelle
Published: February 2023

Background:
Our objective was to characterize cancer immunity marker expression in gynecologic cancers and compare immune landscapes between gynecologic tumor subtypes and with non-gynecologic solid tumors.
Methods:
RNA expression levels of 51 cancer-immunity markers were analyzed in patients with gynecologic cancers vs. non-gynecologic cancers, and normalized to a reference population of 735 control cancers, ranked from 0-100, and categorized as low (0-24), moderate (25-74), or high (75-100) percentile rank.
Results:
Of the 72 patients studied, 43 (60%) had ovarian, 24 (33%) uterine, and 5 (7%) cervical cancer. No two immune profiles were identical according to expression rank (0-100) or rank level (low, moderate, or high). Patients with cervical cancer had significantly higher expression level ranks of immune activating, pro-inflammatory, tumor infiltrating lymphocyte markers and checkpoints than patients with uterine or ovarian cancer (p<0.001 for all comparisons). However, there were no significant differences in immune marker expression between uterine and ovarian cancers. Tumors with PD-L1 TPS =>1% versus 0% had significantly higher expression levels of pro-inflammatory markers (58 vs. 49%, p=0.0004). Compared to patients with non-gynecologic cancers, more patients with gynecologic cancers express high levels of IDO-1 (44 vs. 13%, p<0.001), LAG3 (35 vs. 21%, p=0.008) and IL10 (31 vs. 15%, p=0.002.)
Conclusions:
Patients with gynecologic cancers have complex and heterogeneous immune landscapes that are distinct from patient to patient and from other solid tumors. High levels of IDO1 and LAG3 suggest that clinical trials with IDO1 inhibitors or LAG3 inhibitors, respectively, may be warranted in gynecologic cancers.