bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspectos generales del factoring nacional e internacional
Authors: Sánchez García Mateo
Published: September 2018

Factoring is one of the most developed and useful agreements in international trade in recent decades, to such an extent that it talks about an international factoring agreements, characterized in any case by the disparity of internal regimes, a problem which does not necessarily arise from the lack of general theory, or from the adhesion of countries to a single contractual framework, but from the need for factories and factories in their international trade relations to incorporate rules governing their contractual relations . The elements of validity, effectiveness, legal requirements, classes of factoring, its general theory, and the peculiarities in the Colombian system, will be the basic notes that will treat this paper. Likewise, special reference will be made to the assignment in international legal traffic through the study of texts, such as the United Nations Convention on the Transfer of Credits, the Unidroit Principles on International Commercial Contracts, and the Unidroit Ottawa Convention on International Factoring of 1988.
El naufragio de las humanidades
Authors: Torres Ortiz Jaime Andrés , Cifuentes Medina José Eriberto , Plazas Díaz Leidy Carolina
Published: September 2018

Humanities science work with the human being in a social context where He questions himself (Anthropology) and question others (Sociology). In this sense, its mission in the University context is to complement both family´s and education work to build stronger knowledge about the human being and the world around. In other words, Humanities must foster the individual´s own and others interpretation capacity to enrich his/ her scientific and subject matter oriented formation. As apposite, this is to say, a bet for a “Humankind without Humanities” (Savater) which in turn means the failure of efforts to really understand the sense and value of what makes us human beings. At the University settings, the teaching and learning of humanities sciences is framed in the field of Human sciences but presently it is paid more attention to the development of the know – to Learn and the Know- to Do than the Know – to be and the Know – to Live. The latter competences have been moved to the second place in importance as if they were not fundamental aspects for the human being whole development. From these real aspects, this article deals what it might be considered as the “Humanities wreck” in an age full of the technological miracles and scientific discoveries.
La teoría fundamentada en el marco de la investigación educativa
Authors: Alarcon Lora Andres Antonio , Munera Cavadias Liris , Montes Miranda Alexander Javier
Published: September 2018

This paper presents a reflection over the defined theory as a methodological tool for qualitative research which is pertinent for comtemporary educational research. Furthermore this paper presents a conceptual review over the methodological fiel and way commonly followed. In this same sense, its evolutionary development and the way it has grown is analyzed from the research experiences in order to strengthen such methodology. Given the above facts the usage of this proposal in other research proposals is analyzed from a critical perspective to look for theory abstraction from the views or discourses over a particular Object of study.
Impacto de la universidad en la sociedad
Authors: Martínez Barrios Patricia
Published: September 2018

This paper aims to share the Colombian experience regarding the financing of higher education institutions (Universities) and their effect on their governance for the effective fulfillment of their mission, given their nature as a public good in the service of territorial development. Itbegins with a description of the financing structure of Higher Education Institutions in Colombia, their characterization, financing mechanisms, sources of income and expenditure, and impact, taking into account results in quality, research (researchers, groups, publications, projects), social progress and competitiveness, with data from the National Information System for Higher Education (SNIES) of the Ministry of National Education, Colciencias, DANE, Private Competitiveness Council, Colombia CompraEficiente, the Colombian Observatory of Science and Technology (OCYT) and the Network of Indicators of Ibero-American and Inter-American Science and Technology (RICYT), the Social Progress Index (IPS) published annually by the Social Progress Imperative and the Global Competitiveness Index developed by the World Economic Forum. Based on the above, the paper analyzes some of the problems faced by the current financing model of higher education institutions in Colombia, especially public ones, that could explain, from its financing and autonomy, the system´scurrent fragility which has prevented them from fully assuming their leadership role in the transformation of the regions and the nation.
Accesibilidad al trabajo y probabilidad de empleo en Cartagena de Indias (2015)
Authors: Medina Martínez Evelyn , Gamero Tafur Kevin , Escobar Espinoza Andrés
Published: September 2018

This document aims to estimate, through a probit model, the incidence of residential labor accessibility onthe probability of employment in the metropolitan area of Cartagena using data from the National HouseholdSurvey (GEIH) for the year 2015. Following a framework of spatial mismatch, variables of socioeconomiccharacteristics, residential segregation and accessibility are considered. The research results indicate that private transport ownership had significant effects on employability in the city.
A autoridade simbólica do Supremo Tribunal Federal: elementos para compreender a supremacia judicial no Brasil
Authors: Tassinari Clarissa
Published: September 2018

Nos últimos tempos, o exercício da jurisdição constitucional vem sendo associado com a ideia de supremacia judicial, argumento que assume papel de destaque no debate norte-americano. Uma leitura possível sobre o tema supremacia judicial no Brasil é a que compreende o Supremo Tribunal Federal exercendo três autoridades: interpretativa, política e simbólica. O presente artigo objetiva explorar os elementos para compreensão da supremacia judicial no Brasil, dando ênfase ao significado da autoridade simbólica concedida ao STF.
The protection of fundamental rights of debtors and creditors in civil execution and the necessary flexibilization of impossibilities to levy based on the principle of proportionality
Authors: Silva Jaqueline Mielke , Xavier José Tadeu Neves
Published: September 2018

A colisão entre direitos fundamentais do credor e devedor é um dos problemas contemporâneos enfrentados no âmbito da execução civil, cujo enfrentamento deve partir de uma perspectiva constitucional. Partindo-se da premissa de que a dignidade da pessoa do devedor não é absoluta, mas relativa, o presente artigo propõe a relativização de algumas hipóteses de impenhorabilidade previstas na legislação, de modo a também preservar a dignidade da pessoa do credor. Este juízo de ponderação entre direitos fundamentais do credor e do devedor deve ser realizado a partir do princípio da proporcionalidade.
Editorial: Developments in Community Partnered Participatory Research for Behavioral Health
Authors: Wells Kenneth B. , Jones Loretta , Zima Bonnie , Eisen Carol
Published: September 2018

Ethn Dis. 2018;28(Suppl 2): 287-290; doi:10.18865/ed.28.S2.287.
The Community and Patient Partnered Research Network (CPPRN): Application of Patient-Centered Outcomes Research to Promote Behavioral Health Equity
Authors: Arevian Armen C. , Springgate Benjamin , Jones Felica , Starks Sarah L. , Chung Bowen , Wennerstrom Ashley , Jones Loretta , Kataoka Sheryl H. , Griffith Krystal , Sugarman Olivia K. , Williams Pluscedia , Haywood Catherine , Kirkland Angela , Meyers Diana , Pasternak Ryan , Simmasalam Rubinee , Tang Lingqi , Castillo Enrico , Mahajan Anish , Stevens Max , Wells Kenneth B.
Published: September 2018

Objective: We describe the rationale, de­velopment, and progress on the Community and Patient Partnered Research Network (CPPRN). The CPPRN builds on more than a decade of partnered work and is designed to promote health equity by developing partnered research on behavioral health and social risk factors in Los Angeles and New Orleans.Methods: Review of rationale, history, structure, activities and progress in applying community partnered participatory research (CPPR) to CPPRN.Setting: A community-academic partner­ship across Los Angeles County and New Orleans.Design: Descriptive report.Findings: Patient and community stakehold­ers participated in all phases of develop­ment, including local and national activities. Key developments include partnered plan­ning efforts, progress on aggregating a large, de-identified dataset across county agen­cies, and development of an information technology-supported screening approach for behavioral and social determinants in health care, social, and community-based settings.Conclusion: The CPPRN represents a promising approach for research data networks, balancing the potential benefit of information technology and data analytic approaches while addressing potential risks and priorities of relevant stakehold­ers.Ethn Dis. 2018;28(Suppl 2):295-302; doi:10.18865/ed.28.S2.295.
Lessons on Patient and Stakeholder Engagement Strategies for Pipeline to Proposal Awards
Authors: Wennerstrom Ashley , Springgate Benjamin F. , Jones Felica , Meyers Diana , Henderson Norris , Brown Anthony , Niyogi Anjali , Martin Dolfinette , Smith, III Jessie , Kirkland Angela L. , Jones Loretta , Norris Keith C.
Published: September 2018

The Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) supports patient-centered clinical comparative effectiveness research (CER) including health disparities and engagement portfolios. In 2013, PCORI launched the Pipeline to Proposal (P2P) mechanism to support development of nov­el patient- and stakeholder-centered part­nerships focused on designing clinical CER funding proposals. By providing a tiered structure of successive small contracts and technical assistance, the P2P mechanism encourages development of new research partnerships among diverse stakeholders. As a comparatively new field, patient-centered outcomes research (PCOR) has few well-delineated methods for engaging patients and other non-scientists in effective teams with academics or clinicians to develop and implement rigorous, scientific research pro­posals. Community partnered participatory research (CPPR) provides a useful frame­work for structuring new partnerships.In this article we highlight the origins, de­velopment, and prospects of three current examples of funded P2P initiatives based in New Orleans and Los Angeles. We outline how these projects – Prisoner to Patient, the NOLA Partnership, and Resilience Among African American Men – use CPPR principles. We also describe how they have collaborated with, and contributed to, a two-way learning and knowledge exchange among members of the PCORI-funded Community and Patient Partnered Research Network. Lessons learned may be ap­plicable to other groups planning to create new partnerships focused on implementing PCOR.Ethn Dis. 2018;28(Suppl 2):303- 310; doi:10.18865/ed.28.S2.303.
12-Month Cost Outcomes of Community Engagement Versus Technical Assistance for Depression Quality Improvement: A Partnered, Cluster Randomized, Comparative-Effectiveness Trial
Authors: Chung Bowen , Ong Michael , Ettner Susan L , Mccreary Michael , Jones Felica , Gilmore James , Ngo Victoria K. , Sherbourne Cathy , Tang Lingqi , Dixon Elizabeth , Koegel Paul , Miranda Jeanne , Wells Kenneth B.
Published: September 2018

Objective: To compare community engage­ment and planning (CEP) for coalition support to implement depression quality improvement (QI) to resources for services (RS) effects on service-use costs over a 12-month period.Design: Matched health and community programs (N=93) were cluster-randomized within communities to CEP or RS.Setting: Two Los Angeles communities.Participants: Adults (N=1,013) with depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8) ≥10); 85% African American and Latino.Interventions: CEP and RS to support pro­grams in depression QI.Main outcome measures: Intervention training and service-use costs over 12 months.Results: CEP planning and training costs were almost 3 times higher than RS, largely due to greater CEP provider training partici­pation vs RS, with no significant differences in 12-month service-use costs.Conclusions: Compared with RS, CEP had higher planning and training costs with simi­lar service-use costs.Ethn Dis. 2018;28(Sup­pl 2):349-356; doi:10.18865/ed.28.S2.349.
A Window of Opportunity: Visions and Strategies for Behavioral Health Policy Innovation
Authors: Figueroa Chantal , Castillo Enrico G. , Norquist Grayson , Wells Kenneth B. , Griffith Krystal , Kadkhoda Farbod , Jones Felica , Shorter Priscilla , Bromley Elizabeth
Published: September 2018

Objective: The New York City’s Thrive (ThriveNYC) and the Los Angeles County Health Neighborhood Initiative (HNI) are two local policies focused on addressing the social determinants of behavioral health as a preventive strategy for improving health service delivery. On January 29, 2016, lead­ers from both initiatives came together with a range of federal agencies in health care, public health, and policy research at the RAND Corporation in Arlington, Virginia. The goal of this advisory meeting was to share lessons learned, consider research and evaluation strategies, and create a dialogue between stakeholders and federal funders – all with the purpose to build mo­mentum for policy innovation in behavioral health equity.Methods: This article analyzes ethnographic notes taken during the meeting and in-depth interviews of 14 meeting participants through Kingdon’s multiple streams theory of policy change.Results: Results demonstrated that stake­holders shared a vision for behavioral health policy innovation focused on community engagement and social determinants of health. In addition, Kingdon’s model highlighted that the problem, policy and politics streams needed to form a window of opportunity for policy change were coupled, enabling the possibility for behavioral health policy innovation.Conclusions: The advisory meeting suggest­ed that local policy makers, academics, and community members, together with federal agents, are working to implement behav­ioral health policy innovation. Ethn Dis. 2018;28(Suppl 2):407-416; doi:10.18865/ed.28.S2.407.
Partnering with African American Churches to Create a Community Coalition for Mental Health
Authors: Hankerson Sidney H. , Wells Kenneth , Sullivan Martha Adams , Johnson Joyce , Smith Laura , Crayton La'Shay , Miller-Sethi Faith , Brooks Clarencetine (Teena) , Rule Alan , Ahmad-Llewellyn Jaylaan , Rhem Doris , Porter Xavier , Croskey Raymond , Simpson Eugena , Butler Charles , Roberts Samuel , James Alicia , Jones Loretta
Published: September 2018

Community partnered participatory research (CPPR) emphasizes community engagement, respect, and empowerment as guiding principles to promote mental health equity. This article describes the “Vision” stage of a CPPR-informed model to implement evidence-based practices for de­pression in two African American churches in Harlem, New York. Essential parts of the Vision include engagement of stakeholders and collaborative planning. The engage­ment process increased awareness about the project via a community-focused mental health symposium. The collaborative plan­ning stage resulted in creating a multi-dis­ciplinary Community Coalition for Mental Health, establishing the Coalition’s values, agreeing to change the initial chosen study intervention from Interpersonal Counseling to Mental Health First Aid, and developing a website to disseminate the group’s work. Key lessons learned from our partnered process are: 1) support from the lead pas­tor is crucial; 2) balancing community and academic interests can be challenging; 3) icebreaker activities foster relationships and reinforce CPPR principles; 4) multiple com­munication channels can enhance commu­nity participation; and, 5) should organize data in ways that make them easier to interpret.Ethn Dis. 2018;28(Suppl 2):467- 474; doi:10.18865/ed.28.S2.467
Importancia De La Innovación Para Emprendedores De Micro Y Pequeñas Empresas Mexicanas Del Sector Servicio En Villahermosa-Tabasco Y Mexicali-Baja California. Estudio Cuantitativo
Authors: Liévano Jahicela , Vargas Paulina , Pico Beatriz , Pérez Juan
Published: September 2018

The enterprises that result in the creation of companies are in need of implementing strategies that translate into an adequate positioning of their sector against competition. It also allows them to survive in global markets and to undergo continuous changes. For this reason, innovation as a part of the project is an important differentiating factor. In this context, this paper focuses on contrasting the actions focused on innovation by entrepreneurs of micro and small Mexican companies in the service sector of Mexicali, Baja California, and Villahermosa, Tabasco, with the aim of identifying the significant role played by innovation in the course of time. The above was achieved through a quantitative study that has a descriptive, exploratory, and correlational scope. As part of the results, it is through these strategies that it helps to promote an innovative enterprise, facilitating the generation of new ideas, and improving its ability to innovate. This would, however, results to products and services that are scalable and of greater value, taking the company to competitive levels and promoting its development in a sustainable manner. In conclusion, this effort must be permanent because there is a positive and significant relationship between innovation and actions in the development of it. This is not only for the company, but for the entity where they are located.
Professionalization of Public Buyers: Determining Primordial Effectiveness of Public Order
Authors: El Amry Abdelkader
Published: September 2018

The professionalization of the actors of the purchasing process has now become an essential priority for the optimization of state purchases, especially since the public order now stands at 195 MMDH, equivalent to 17.4% of GDP. Public procurement is a very sensitive area since, very often, the stakes are of such a magnitude that they have an impact on the economy, the political, the social and the environment. To this end, the professionalization of public buyers remains in Morocco, one of the ways to reduce the risks and the negative consequences in the awarding of contracts. This is why, today, more and more public administrations are called upon to resort to competent public purchasers in the field of knowledge management regarding the regulation of public contracts in order to improve their missions. To inquire about the veracity of the contribution of the professionalization of the public purchasers to the efficiency of the public order. This investigation was undertaken in the form of a questionnaire filed with 06 sub-ordonnateurin the city of Meknes. The aim is to inquire about the relationship between the professionalization of public purchasers and other three determinants, namely: a) e-procurement , b) transparency, and c) the free play of competition , and how they commonly contribute to the efficiency of the public order. The result of this article reveal that the professionalization of public buyers is a key determinant of the efficiency of public procurement.
Residential Customers Satisfaction with Public Water Provision in Ojota, Nigeria
Authors: Ohwo Odafivwotu , Agusomu Tano Dumoyei
Published: September 2018

Customer satisfaction is a good measure of the quality of service rendered by an enterprise. Hence, this study analyzed the perception of residential customers’ satisfaction with public water provision in Ojota. The analyses was based on customers’ perception of ten selected satisfaction drivers, which were obtained by the administration of a set of structured questionnaire, administered to 400 households, using the systematic sampling technique. The data was analyzed using percentages and a customer satisfaction index (CSI) model. The calculated CSI was 2.54 points on a 5 point scale, which means that public water provision in Ojota is perceive as fairly satisfactory by the residential customers. In addition, only 12.21% of the customers are willing to pay for water, based on their overall perception of the services of the Lagos Water Corporation (LWC). This shows that the service of the LWC to its customers is inadequate. It is therefore recommended that the LWC should undertake a general overhaul of its operations and improve on customer services, which may improve customers’ willingness to pay for water provision and help the utility to improve on cost recovery and sustain adequate services to its customers.
Etude Ethnobotanique Sur L’utilisation De Mentha Pulegium, Mentha Piperita Et Pelargonium Graveolens Au Nord Du Maroc (Taounate) Et Évaluation De Leur Pouvoir Antimicrobien
Authors: Chraibi M. , Fikri-Benbrahim K. , Amrani M. , Farah A. , Bari A. , Ouaritini Z. Benziane
Published: September 2018

Traditional medicine has always occupied an important place in Moroccan traditions medication, Taounate region is concrete example. Thus, this survey aims to highlight the different uses of Mentha pulegium, Mentha piperita and Pelargonium graveolens in Taounate city during April month 2017, and to evaluate their antimicrobial potency against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Acinetobacter baumannii by microdilution method. A questionnaire was used with residents, herbalists and phytotherapists. The results showed that these three plants are used mainly for their therapeutic virtues; precisely against digestive disorders representing the most cited diseases for Mentha piperita (51%), respiratory diseases for Mentha pulegium (50%) and dermatological conditions for Pelargonium graveolens(44%). The majority of remedies are prepared by decoction (56%) from leaves (71%) and usually orally administered (68%) as herbal tea (58%). Cure rate is 41% with 53% health improvement. In addition, the essential oils of these studied plants exhibited strong inhibitory effect against all tested microorganisms with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 0.01562% to 1% (v/v).
Efecto De La Humedad Relativa Y La Temperatura En La Aplicacion De Insecticidas Organofosforados Y Carbamatos E Impacto En La Colinesterasa De Agro Productores De Tomate (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) En La Localidad De “San Luis, Chimborazo, Ecuador
Authors: V. A. Lindao Córdova , J. L. Jave Nakayo , M. G. Retuerto Figueroa , E. I. Ramos Sevilla , P. A. Jinez Llangari
Published: September 2018

This research aimed to determine the effect of relative humidity and temperature in the application of organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides and impact on the colinesterasa of tomato agro producers (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in the location of" San Luis, Chimborazo, Ecuador.The technique used was spectrophotometry. The cholinesterase test was performed on the one hundred and seventy patients of the five communities exposed between one year and more than ten years, in the handling and application of organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides. The method used was kinetic-spectrophotometric (405 nm at 37 ° C). Through the Kruskal Wallis test and the regression and correlation analysis it was determined the significance and the level of correlation and determination between the variables under study and their effect on cholinesterase levels. Concluding that the applications of the organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides under greenhouse with low relative humidity and high temperature, accompanied by the lack of precautions in the management of the crop, contribute to the decrease of the cholinesterase level of the agro producers.
Intervención Educativa de Enfermería en las Capacidades de Autocuidado de personas con Diabetes Tipo 2 de Tenosique, Tabasco
Authors: Valdéz Jorge Eduardo Méndez , Miranda de la Cruz Armando , Ruíz Elia del Carmen Martínez , Zuñiga Esther Alice Jiménez , Hernández Janett Marina García , Madrigal Jairo David Contrera
Published: September 2018

One of these diseases with majorsocial, economic and epidemiological impact is the Diabetes Mellitus (DM), which according to the WHO (2013) is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and disorders of the metabolism of the carbohydrates, the fats and the proteins as consequence of anomalies of the secretion or of the effect of the insulin. This investigation is sustained in the General Theory of the Deficit of Autocare Dorothea Orem's (TGDA). The aim was to determine the effect of an educational intervention of infirmary in the Capacities of Autocare (CAC) and the State of health (BELONGS) to the persons with DM2. The design is quasi-experimental of longitudinal court, with one n=30 participants, I divide in 2 groups [Group Control (GC) and Experimental Group (GE)]. It was in use like I orchestrate the " Scale to estimate Capacities of Autocare ". There was designed an Educational Intervention of Infirmary (IEE) by 12 meetings. The results showed increase in the CAC with an average of 39.33 (GIVE 2.60) in the pretest and 82.20 (GIVE 2.90) in the pos test, the CAC present negative significant relation with European Scientific Journal August 2018 edition Vol.14, No.24 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431 380 the IMC [rs =-.330 (p <0.01)], capillary blood sugar [rs =-.542 (p <0.01)], cholesterol [rs =-.367 (p <0.01)], triglycerides [rs =-.587 (p <0.01)] and hemoglobin glucosilada [rs =-.478 (p <0.01)]. On having realized the test T de Student for related samples obtained one t =-61.588 with 14 degrees of freedom for a confidence interval of 95 %, locating an average of -42.86667; what shows that it exists a difference of averages enters the pre and pos tries by means of a positive effect of the IEE in the CAC.
Connaissances Paysannes Et Prédisposition À Adopter Une Innovation En Agro-Alimentaire : Cas Du Décorticage Mécanique Et De La Fortification En Fer Du Sorgho Dans Le Nord-Bénin
Authors: Agossadou Morest M. T. , Sêgla Sandrine S. , Adégbidi Anselme A. , Kayodé Polycarpe A. P.
Published: September 2018

The consumption of meals prepared from unshelled sorghum derivatives is a factor favoring iron deficiency anemia among consumers. Mechanical dehulling and iron fortification of sorghum appears as a palliative solution. This study has a dual purpose. First of all, it is a question of assessing consumers' knowledge of sorghum meals with regard to anemia and its causes. Descriptive statistics have been used for this purpose. Then, it was discussed to analyze the determinants of the predisposition of these consumers to adopt mechanical dehulling and iron fortification of sorghum. To do this, the Logit econometric model was used. According to the results, anemia is caused by factors such as malaria, malnutrition, witchcraft, non-respect of fetishes, etc. In addition, households' propensity to adopt innovation is positively influenced by the income of the chef-cuisine, the perception that it has of its social status after the adoption of innovation and the compatibility of it with norms and values of the household. However, it is negatively influenced by the participation of the chef-cuisine in the experimentation phase and by the perceived complexity of the innovation.
PERBANDINGAN RISIKO CA SERVIKS BERDASARKAN PERSONAL HYGIENE PADA WANITA USIA SUBUR DI YAYASAN KANKER WISNUWARDHANA SURABAYA
Authors: Dianti Nessia Rachma , Isfandiari M. Atoillah
Published: September 2018

About 500.000 cervical carcinoma new cases are found with more than 250.000 deathcases annually (Rasjidi, 2009). Cervical cancer is the highest prevalence of disease among women inIndonesia, it is equal to 0,80/00 (Kemenkes RI, 2015). Cervical cancer is caused by multifactors which areable to increase cervical cancer case, one of risk factors is personal hygiene. This study aims to analyzecervival cancer risk diff erence based on personal hygiene which consists of vaginal antiseptic usage,frequency of changing underpants, frequency of changing napkins, water utilization for vagina, publictoilet utilization, vaginal discharge history, joint towel and underpants among childbearing women. Thisstudy is a case control study which case groups are 15–49 old women with cervical carcinoma, whilecontrol groups are 15–49 years old women and are undiagnosed cervical cancer. The result of this studyshowed that joint underpants has the highest Risk Diff erence (RD = 51.42%; 95% CI: 1.73-57.48). It isrecommended for women to keep personal hygiene.Keyword: personal Hygiene, Cervical Cancer, Cervical Cancer risk
Proteostatic Signaling & Control of Protein Synthesis
Authors: Keefe AJ
Published: September 2018

The tremendous diversity and complexity of proteins invariably results in protein misfolding, to which cells have evolved numerous mechanisms of mitigating. Degrading misfolded proteins is perhaps the most intuitive strategy, but also critical to managing proteostasis are the elaborate mechanisms of translational control. Attenuated rates of translation ameliorate protein misfolding by downregulating the flux of new protein and conserving ATP. Loss of translational control, particularly in neurons, constitutes a major proteostatic dysfunction capable of causing or exacerbating neurodegeneration, while interventions aimed at downregulating protein synthesis are generally neuroprotective. In this review, I examine the critical neuronal signaling networks employed to control translation with an emphasis on current research. This includes the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), the mitochondrial UPR (mtUPR), mTORC1 signaling, and stress granule formation.
Online Real-Time Monitoring System through Using Adaptive Angular-Velocity VKF Order Tracking
Authors: Yeh Ting-Chi , Pan Min-Chun , Le Duc Do
Published: September 2018

When a rotary machine is running, from which the acquired vibro-acoustic signals enable to reveal its operation status and health condition. The study proposed a DSP-based adaptive angular-velocity Vold-Kalman filtering order tracking (AV2KF_OT) algorithm with an online real-time nature for signal interpretation and machine condition monitoring. Theoretical derivation and numerical implementation of computation schemes are briefly introduced. An online real-time monitoring system based on the AV2KF_OT algorithm, which was implemented through both a digital signal processor and a user interface coded by using LabVIEW, was developed. Two experimental tasks were applied to justify the proposed technique, including (i) the detection of startup on the fluid-induced whirl performed through a journal-bearing rotor rig, and (ii) the separation of close orders from the measured signals of a multifunction transmission-element ball-bearing bench.
Unbalanced Current Sharing Control in Islanded Low Voltage Microgrids
Authors: najafi foad , Fripp Matthias
Published: September 2018

This paper reports a new control strategy to improve sharing of unbalanced currents in islanded LV microgrids. This technique provides fast and effective sharing of positive-, negative- and zero-sequence currents, and is the first example of zero-sequence current sharing in the literature. The controllers are designed in the stationary frame. The control structure consists of four loops; 1)~the current controller; 2)~the voltage controller; 3)~the droop controller and the 4)~negative and zero sequence current controllers. The output current is considered unknown for the controller and is added to the control system as a disturbance. The proposed controller features a high gain in fundamental and harmonic frequencies, hence a good voltage quality is obtained in the presence of unbalanced and nonlinear loads. To this aim, a proportional-resonant (PR) controller is adopted as the current controller. By using a multi-resonant controller as current controller, a unified control structure is obtained which is suitable for both grid-connected and islanded modes. The voltage controller is designed using a resonant controller so that the voltage can have low VUF and THD in the presence of unbalanced and nonlinear loads. Furthermore, in this paper droop method is applied to the control structure to share real and reactive powers. Simulation studies show that the conventional droop method cannot share the oscillatory part of the output power that is due to the presence of unbalanced loads in the microgrid. This paper relies on using zero and negative sequence virtual impedance controller to share the oscillatory part of output power. By using zero-sequence virtual impedance controller (ZSVIC) and negative-sequence virtual impedance controller (NSVIC), the zero and negative sequence currents in the microgrid are controlled and shared effectively. By compensating zero- and negative-sequence currents locally, the flow of these currents in the microgrid is minimized, and the overall power quality of the islanded LV microgrid is improved.
Context-Based Dynamic Meshed Backhaul Construction for 5G Heterogeneous Networks
Authors: Tran Gia Khanh , Santos Ricardo , Ogawa Hiroaki , Nakamura Makoto , Sakaguchi Kei , Kassler Andreas
Published: September 2018

5G heterogeneous network overlaid by millimeter-wave (mmWave) access employs mmWave meshed backhauling as a promising cost-efficient backhaul architecture. Due to the nature of mobile traffic distribution in practice which is both time-variant and spatially non-uniform, dynamic construction of mmWave meshed backhaul is prerequisite to support the varying traffic distribution. Focusing on such scenario of outdoor dynamic crowd (ODC), this paper proposes a novel method to control mmWave meshed backhaul for efficient operation of mmWave overlay 5G HetNet through Software-Defined Network (SDN) technology. Our algorithm is featured by two functionalities, i.e., backhauling route multiplexing for overloaded mmWave small cell base stations (SC-BSs) and mmWave SC-BSs’ ON/OFF status switching for underloaded spot. In this paper, the effectiveness of the proposed meshed network is confirmed by both numerical analyses and experimental results. Simulations are conducted over a practical user distribution modeled from measured data in realistic environments. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithm can cope with the locally intensive traffic and reduce energy consumption. Furthermore, a WiGig (Wireless Gigabit Alliance certified) device based testbed is developed for Proof-of-Concept (PoC) and preliminary measurement results confirm the proposed dynamic formation of the meshed network’s efficiency.
New Reentrant Insulating Phases in Strongly Interacting 2D Systems with Low Disorder
Authors: Qiu Richard L.J. , Liu Chieh-Wen , Liu Shuhao , Gao Xuan P.A.
Published: September 2018

The apparent metal-insulator transition (MIT) in two-dimension (2D) was discovered by Kravchenko et al. [1] more than two decades ago in strongly interacting 2D electrons residing in a Si-metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (Si-MOSFET). Its origin remains unresolved. Recently, low magnetic field reentrant insulating phases (RIPs), which dwell between the zero-field (B=0) metallic state and the integer quantum Hall (QH) states where the Landau-level filling factor υ > 1, have been observed in strongly correlated 2D GaAs hole systems with large interaction parameter rs (~20-40) and high purity. A new complex phase diagram was proposed, which includes zero field MIT, low magnetic field RIPs, integer QH states, fractional QH states, high field RIPs and insulating phases (HFIPs) with υ < 1 in which the insulating phases are explained by the formation of Wigner crystal. Furthermore, evidences of new intermediate phases were reported. All contribute to the further understandings of the puzzle. This review article serves the purpose of summarizing those recent experimental findings and theoretical endeavors, to foster future research efforts.
Photothermal off-resonance tapping for rapid and gentle atomic force imaging of live cells
Authors: Nievergelt Adrian P. , Brillard Charlène C.G. , Eskandarian Haig A. , McKinney John D. , Fantner Georg E.
Published: September 2018

Imaging living cells by atomic force microscopy (AFM) promises not only high-resolution topographical data, but additionally, mechanical contrast, which are not obtainable with other microscopy techniques. Such imaging is however challenging, as cells need to be measured with low interaction forces to prevent either deformation or detachment from the surface. Off-resonance modes which periodically probe the surface have been shown to be advantageous, as they provide excellent force control combined with large amplitudes, which help reduce lateral force interactions.
However, the low actuation frequency in traditional off-resonance techniques limits the imaging speed significantly. Using photothermal actuation, we probe the surface by directly actuating the cantilever. Due to the much smaller mass that needs to be actuated, the achievable measurement frequency is increased by two orders of magnitude. Additionally, photothermal off-resonance tapping retains the precise force control of conventional off-resonance modes and is therefore well suited to gentle imaging. Here we show how photothermal off-resonance tapping can be used to study live cells by AFM. As an example of imaging mammalian cells, the initial attachment, as well as long term detachment of a human thrombocytes are presented. The membrane disrupting effect of the antimicrobial peptide CM-15 is shown on the cell wall of E. coli. Finally, the dissolution of the cell wall of B. subtilis by lysozyme is shown. Taken together, these evolutionarily disparate forms of life exemplify the usefulness of PORT for live cell imaging in a multitude of biological disciplines.
Untangling the Prion-Like Misfolding Mechanism for Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Sarnataro Daniela
Published: September 2018

The misfolding and aggregation of proteins is the neuropathological hallmark of numerous diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and prion diseases. It is believed that misfolded and abnormal -sheets forms of wild-type proteins are the vectors of these diseases by acting as seeds for the aggregation of endogenous proteins. Cellular prion protein (PrPC) is a glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol (GPI) anchored glycoprotein which is able to misfold to a pathogenic isoform PrPSc, the causative agent of prion diseases which present as sporadic, dominantly inherited and transmissible infectious disorders. Increasing evidence highlight the importance of prion-like seeding as a mechanism for pathological spread in Alzheimer’s disease and tauophaty, as well as other neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we report the latest findings on the mechanisms controlling protein folding, focusing on the ER quality control of GPI-anchored proteins and describe the “prion-like” properties of amyloid- and tau assemblies. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of pathogenic assemblies interactions with protein and lipid membrane components and their implications in both prion and Alzheimer’s diseases.
Prescribing Variation in General Practices in England Following a Direct Healthcare Professional Communication on Mirabegron
Authors: Moriarty Frank , Razzaque Shegufta , McDowell Ronald , Fahey Tom
Published: September 2018

Introduction Pharmacovigilance may detect safety issues after marketing of medications, and this can result in regulatory action such as direct healthcare professional communications (DHPC). DHPC can be effective in changing prescribing behaviour, however the extent to which prescribers vary in their response to DHPC is unknown. This study aims to explore changes in prescribing and prescribing variation among GP practices following a DHPC on the safety of mirabegron, a medication to treat overactive bladder (OAB). Methods This is an interrupted time series study of English GP practices from 2014-2017. NHS Digital provided monthly statistics on aggregate practice-level prescribing and practice characteristics (practice staff and registered patient profiles, Quality & Outcomes Framework indicators, and deprivation of the practice area). The primary outcome was monthly mirabegron items as a percentage of all OAB drug items. The exposure was a DHPC issued by the European Medicines Agency in September 2015. Variation between practices in mirabegron prescribing before and after the DHPC was assessed using the systematic component of variation (SCV). Multilevel segmented regression with random effects quantified the change in level and trend of prescribing after the DHPC. Practice characteristics were assessed for their association with a reduction in prescribing following the DHPC. Results This study included 7,408 practices. During September 2015, 88.9% of practices prescribed mirabegron and mirabegron composed a mean of 8.2% (SD 6.8) of OAB items. Variation between practices was classified as very high and the median SCV did not change significantly (p=0.11) in the 6 months after the September 2015 DHPC (12.4) compared to before (11.6). Before the DHPC, there was a monthly trend of 0.294 (95%CI, 0.287, 0.301) percentage points increase in mirabegron percentage. There was no significant change in the month immediately after the DHPC (-0.023, 95% CI -0.105 to 0.058) however there was a significant reduction in trend (-0.036, 95% CI -0.049 to -0.023). Higher numbers of registered patients and patients aged ≥65 years, and practice area deprivation were associated with having a significant decrease in level and slope of mirabegron prescribing post-DHPC. Conclusion Variation in mirabegron prescribing was high over the study period and did not change substantively following the DHPC. There was no immediate prescribing change post-DHPC, although the monthly growth did slow. Knowledge of the degree of variation in and determinants of response to safety communications may allow those that do not change prescribing to be provided with additional supports.
Dewan Komisaris dan Biaya Utang
Authors: Sarasmitha Citra , Subroto Bambang , Rahman Aulia Fuad
Published: September 2018

This study examine the effect of board stock ownership, board size, frequency of board meeting, and the independence of the board against the cost of debt (bonds). The population in this study is a bond that has a yield to maturity (t + 1) number in the period 2012-2016. The sample method used is purposive sampling. Methods of data analysis using multiple regression. The results of this research indicate that board stock ownership, board size, the frequency of meetings of the board, and the independence of the board does not affect the cost of debt (bond). The results of the first and second sensitivity test show that board stock ownership, board size, the frequency of meetings of the board, and the independence of the board do not affect the bond rating. The research finding show that the board of commissioners has not been able to contribute to the reduction in bond debt costs. The results of this study are in line with the phenomenon in Indonesia that there are only 4 public companies that entered the ASEAN 50 TOP award of the Asean Corporate Gorvenance Scorecard in 2017. These conditions illustrate that corporate governance in Indonesia is still weak.The results of this study are not able to support agency theory and theory of the firm. The results of this study can be used by OJK to improve the standards of the board.
Soybean Canopy Cover Measured with Canopeo Compared with Light Interception
Authors: Shepherd Michelle J. , Lindsey Laura E. , Lindsey Alexander J.
Published: September 2018

Core Ideas

The mobile device application Canopeo can be used to measure soybean canopy cover.

Canopeo and light interception measurements of canopy cover were linearly related.

Canopeo was faster than measuring light interception with the line quantum sensor.

Canopy cover is a useful way of monitoring crop productivity, but it can be time‐consuming to measure using light interception. The objective of this research was to evaluate soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] canopy cover measured with Canopeo, a new mobile device application, compared with the light interception method. Data were collected from a soybean planting date by relative maturity study established at three locations. Canopy cover was measured every other week throughout the growing season using pictures and videos analyzed by Canopeo and was compared with light interception measurements using a line quantum sensor. There was a linear relationship between canopy cover measured with pictures (R2 = 0.94) and videos (R2 = 0.92) in Canopeo and light interception. These results suggest Canopeo can be used to take pictures or videos to determine canopy cover as a viable alternative to measuring canopy cover in soybean.
Professional Online Presence and Social Media
Authors: Lima Marta R.M.
Published: September 2018

Social media is increasingly becoming part of our professional world! When including social media in our professional activity, it is important to do it in a way that advances our career goals. In this month's column, Dr. Lima shares suggestions on using social media professionally.
Biochar Phosphorus Release Is Limited by High pH and Excess Calcium
Authors: Buss Wolfram , Assavavittayanon Kamonchanard , Shepherd Jessica G. , Heal Kate V. , Sohi Saran
Published: September 2018

Aside from its use for improving soil properties, biochar is increasingly promoted as a direct nutrient provider for sustainable recycling of waste materials. However, incomplete understanding of the interacting factors that determine P release from biochar may limit the efficiency of P recycling from biochar to soil. In particular, the contrasting pH of biochar and soil need to be considered. In this study, soil‐free biochar (rice [Oryza sativa L.] husk, 700°C) extractions were performed under different pH (4.6–9.9) and extractant conditions to test how solution composition affects biochar P release. When solution pH was in the range of 7.6 to 8.6 and excess Ca was present in the solution or in biochar, P release was low—only 1 to 7% of the total P was released compared with ∼20% under most other conditions. Importantly, we demonstrate that biochar total Ca concentration is closely related to P availability (R2 = 0.76) and could be used to predict biochar P release. The results suggest that for maximum P release, low Ca concentrations in biochar and (soil) solution are needed and/or a pH <7.5 at the soil‐biochar interface. This novel understanding will help engineer sustainable biochar fertilizers optimized for P provision.

Core Ideas

Phosphorus release from rice husk biochar was investigated.

Soil‐free extractions were performed at different pH and solution compositions.

The lowest P release occurred at pH 7.6 to 8.6 and in the presence of excess Ca.

A conceptual model was developed of biochar P release in different soil conditions.

Biochars with Ca <1% and/or pH <7.5 are optimal for maximum P release to soil.