bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Development of Populus alba L. and Populus tremula L. Species Specific Molecular Markers Based on 5S rDNA Non-Transcribed Spacer Polymorphism
Authors: Alexandrov Oleg S. , Karlov Gennady I.
Published: December 2019

The Populus L. genus includes tree species that are botanically grouped into several sections. This species successfully hybridizes both in the same section and among other sections. Poplar hybridization widely occurs in nature and in variety breeding. Therefore, the development of poplar species’ specific molecular markers is very important. The effective markers for trees of the Aigeiros Duby section have recently been developed using the polymorphism of 5S rDNA non-transcribed spacers (NTSs). In this article, 5S rDNA NTS-based markers were designed for several species of the Leuce Duby section. The alb9 marker amplifies one fragment with the DNA matrix of P. alba and P. × canescens (natural hybrid P. alba × P. tremula). The alb2 marker works the same way, except for the case with Populus bolleana. In this case, the amplification of three fragments was observed. The tremu1 marker amplification was detected with the DNA matrix of P. tremula and P. × canescens. Thus, the developed markers may be applied as a useful tool for P. alba, P. tremula, P. × canescens, and P. bolleana identification in various areas of plant science such as botany, dendrology, genetics of populations, variety breeding, etc.
Association Analysis of 14 Candidate Gene Polymorphism with Depression and Stress among Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Lee Kai Wei , Ching Siew Mooi , Ramachandran Vasudevan , Tusimin Maiza , Mohd Nordin Noraihan , Chong Seng Choi , Hoo Fan Kee
Published: December 2019

The association of candidate genes and psychological symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Malaysia was determined in this study, followed by the determination of their odds of getting psychological symptoms, adjusted for socio-demographical background, maternal, and clinical characteristics. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) recorded a significant association between SNP of EPHX2 (rs17466684) and depression symptoms (AOR = 7.854, 95% CI = 1.330–46.360) and stress symptoms (AOR = 7.664, 95% CI = 1.579–37.197). Associations were also observed between stress symptoms and SNP of OXTR (rs53576) and (AOR = 2.981, 95% CI = 1.058–8.402) and SNP of NRG1 (rs2919375) (AOR = 9.894, 95% CI = 1.159–84.427). The SNP of EPHX2 (rs17466684) gene polymorphism is associated with depression symptoms among Malaysian women with GDM. SNP of EPHX2 (rs17466684), OXTR (rs53576) and NRG1 (rs2919375) are also associated with stress symptoms.
Identification of Key Genes Involved in Embryo Development and Differential Oil Accumulation in Two Contrasting Maize Genotypes
Authors: Zhang Xiangxiang , Hong Meiyan , Wan Heping , Luo Lixia , Yu Zeen , Guo Ruixing
Published: December 2019

Maize is an important oil seed crop and a major food crop in different parts of the world. Since maize has relatively lower seed oil content as compared to other oil crops, efforts are continuing to improve its oil content percentage. In this study, we analyzed two contrasting maize genotypes with differential oil accumulation percentages. High oil-content (HOC) maize had 11% oil content while low oil-content (LOC) maize had significantly lower oil content (5.4%). Transmission electron microscopy revealed a higher accumulation of oil bodies in the HOC maize embryo as compared to LOC maize. Comparative RNA-sequencing analysis at different developmental stages of the seed embryos identified 739 genes that are constantly differentially expressed (DEGs) at all the six developmental stages from 15 days after pollination (DAP) to 40 DAP. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis identified fatty acid metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis as the most enriched biological pathways contributed by these DEGs. Notably, transcriptional changes are more intense at the early stages of embryo development as compared to later stages. In addition, pathways related to oil biosynthesis and their corresponding genes were more enriched at 30 DAP, which seems to be the key stage for oil accumulation. The study also identified 33 key DEGs involved in fatty acid and triacylglycerols biosynthesis, most of which were up-regulated in HOC, that may shape the differential oil contents in the two contrasting maize. Notably, we discovered that both acyl-CoA-dependent and acyl-CoA-independent processes are essential for the high oil accumulation in maize embryo.
The k-Rainbow Domination Number of Cn□Cm
Authors: Gao Hong , Li Kun , Yang Yuansheng
Published: December 2019

Given a graph G and a set of k colors, assign an arbitrary subset of these colors to each vertex of G. If each vertex to which the empty set is assigned has all k colors in its neighborhood, then the assignment is called a k-rainbow dominating function (kRDF) of G. The minimum sum of numbers of assigned colors over all vertices of G is called the k-rainbow domination number of graph G, denoted by γ r k ( G ) . In this paper, we focus on the study of the k-rainbow domination number of the Cartesian product of cycles, C n □ C m . For k ≥ 8 , based on the results of J. Amjadi et al. (2017), γ r k ( C n □ C m ) = m n . For ( 4 ≤ k ≤ 7 ) , we give a proof for the new lower bound of γ r 4 ( C n □ C 3 ) . We construct some novel and recursive kRDFs which are good enough and upon these functions we get sharp upper bounds of γ r k ( C n □ C m ) . Therefore, we obtain the following results: (1) γ r 4 ( C n □ C 3 ) = 2 n ; (2) γ r k ( C n □ C m ) = k m n 8 for n ≡ 0 ( mod 4 ) , m ≡ 0 ( mod 4 ) ( 4 ≤ k ≤ 7 ) ; (3) for n ≢ 0 ( mod 4 ) or m ≢ 0 ( mod 4 ) , m n 2 ≤ γ r 4 ( C n □ C m ) ≤ m n 2 + m + n 2 − 1 and k m n 8 ≤ γ r k ( C n □ C m ) ≤ k m n + n 8 + m for 5 ≤ k ≤ 7 . We also discuss Vizing’s conjecture on the k-rainbow domination number of C n □ C m .
Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Inconel 718: Residual Stress Analysis Before and After Heat Treatment
Authors: Barros Rafael , Silva Francisco J. G. , Gouveia Ronny M. , Saboori Abdollah , Marchese Giulio , Biamino Sara , Salmi Alessandro , Atzeni Eleonora
Published: December 2019

Residual stresses (RS) of great magnitude are usually present in parts produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB), mainly owing to the extreme temperature gradients and high cooling rates involved in the process. Those “hidden” stresses can be detrimental to a part’s mechanical properties and fatigue life; therefore, it is crucial to know their magnitude and orientation. The hole-drilling strain-gage method was used to determine the RS magnitude and direction-depth profiles. Cuboid specimens in the as-built state, and after standard solution annealing and ageing heat treatment conditions, were prepared to study the RS evolution throughout the heat treatment stages. Measurements were performed on the top and lateral surfaces. In the as-built specimens, tensile stresses of ~400 MPa on the top and above 600 MPa on the lateral surface were obtained. On the lateral surface, RS anisotropy was noticed, with the horizontally aligned stresses being three times lower than the vertically aligned. RS decreased markedly after the first heat treatment. On heat-treated specimens, magnitude oscillations were observed. By microstructure analysis, the presence of carbides was verified, which is a probable root for the oscillations. Furthermore, compressive stresses immediate to the surface were obtained in heat-treated specimens, which is not in agreement with the typical characteristics of parts fabricated by PBF-LB, i.e., tensile stresses at the surface and compressive stresses in the part’s core.
Dynamic Recrystallization Simulation for X12 Alloy Steel by CA Method Based on Modified L-J Dislocation Density Model
Authors: Chen Xuewen , Zhang Jiayin , Du Yuqing , Wang Guangxin , Huang Tao
Published: December 2019

Hot compressive behaviors of X12 alloy steel were investigated using a Gleeble-1500D thermal mechanical simulator in a temperature range from 1050 to 1250 °C and with a range of strain rates from 0.05 to 5 s−1 and a maximum true strain of 0.7. Stress–strain curves were obtained under various deformation conditions. A modified Laasraoui–Jonas (L-J) dislocation density model of X12 alloy steel was established for the given ranges of strain rate and temperature. On the basis of this dislocation density model, a cellular automaton (CA) model was constructed and used to simulate microstructure evolution during the hot compression process. Microstructure and grain size of X12 were predicted for different deformation conditions. The simulated grain size was compared with the actual grain size measured with metallographic photos. An average relative error of grain size was determined to be 6%, indicating that the modified L-J dislocation density model can accurately predict dynamic recrystallization behaviors of X12 alloy steel in hot forging processes.
Combined Density Functional Theory and Reduction Kinetics Investigation of Enhanced Adsorption of Hydrogen onto Fe2O3 by Surface Modification with Nickel
Authors: Zhang Haipei , Li Bo , Wei Yonggang , Wang Hua
Published: December 2019

Based on the density functional theory, the geometric structure, adsorption energy and density of states of H2/α-Fe2O3 (001) system and (H2 + Ni)/α-Fe2O3 (001) system were determined. The results showed that the absolute value of adsorption energy between H2 molecule and α-Fe2O3 (001) surface and the bond length of H2 molecule were increased by the presence of Ni atom. The presence of Ni atom promotes the adsorption of H2 molecule on α-Fe2O3 (001) surface. Reduction behavior of iron and nickel oxides in H2 atmosphere was determined by thermogravimetric analysis. The samples included Fe2O3, Fe2O3-NiO and Fe2O3-Ni systems. The effect of Ni and NiO on the reduction behavior of Fe2O3 was investigated. The ease of reduction within the following three systems decreases sequentially: Fe2O3-Ni > Fe2O3-NiO > Fe2O3. The activation energy of Fe2O3-Ni, Fe2O3-NiO and Fe2O3 systems at two temperature stages (viz. < 400 °C and > 400 °C) were 172 kJ·mol−1, 197 kJ·mol−1 and 263 kJ·mol−1 respectively.
Density-Sensitive Implicit Functions Using Sub-Voxel Sampling in Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Montoya-Zapata Diego , Moreno Aitor , Pareja-Corcho Juan , Posada Jorge , Ruiz-Salguero Oscar
Published: December 2019

In the context of lattice-based design and manufacturing, the problem of physical realization of density maps into lattices of a particular family is central. Density maps are prescribed by design optimization algorithms, which seek to fulfill structural demands on a workpiece, while saving material. These density maps cannot be directly manufactured since local graded densities cannot be achieved using the bulk solid material. Because of this reason, existing topology optimization approaches bias the local voxel relative density to either 0 (void) or 1 (filled). Additive manufacturing opens possibilities to produce graded density individuals belonging to different lattice families. However, voxel-level sampled boundary representations of the individuals produce rough and possibly disconnected shells. In response to this limitation, this article uses sub-voxel sampling (largely unexploited in the literature) to generate lattices of graded densities. This sub-voxel sampling eliminates the risk of shell disconnections and renders better surface continuity. The manuscript devises a function to produce Schwarz cells that materialize a given relative density. This article illustrates a correlation of continuity against stress concentration by simulating C 0 and C 1 inter-lattice continuity. The implemented algorithm produces implicit functions and thus lattice designs which are suitable for metal additive manufacturing and able to achieve the target material savings. The resulting workpieces, produced by outsource manufacturers, are presented. Additional work is required in the modeling of the mechanical response (stress/strain/deformation) and response of large lattice sets (with arbitrary geometry and topology) under working loads.
Copper Tailing Flocculation in Seawater: Relating the Yield Stress with Fractal Aggregates at Varied Mixing Conditions
Authors: Jeldres Matías , Piceros Eder C. , Toro Norman , Torres David , Robles Pedro , Leiva Williams H. , Jeldres Ricardo I.
Published: December 2019

The implications of physical conditions of the feedwell on the rheological properties of synthetic copper tailings, flocculated in seawater, were analysed. The mixing intensity of flocculation was related to the structural characteristics of the aggregates, and the outcomes were linked to the yield stress of the pulp sediments. Tailings settling assays were conducted by using a 30 mm turbine type stirrer with an in-situ aggregate size characterisation. The structural characteristics of the aggregates were determined by using the focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM). After a mixing time between the pulp and the flocculant, the sample was allowed to settle for 2.5 h, where the variation of the sediment height was minimal. The sediment was gently removed and subjected to rheological characterisation. The yield stress was measured on an Anton Paar MCR 102 rheometer (ANAMIN Group, Santiago, Chile), with a vane-in-cup configuration. The mixing intensity was related to the characteristics of the aggregates, and the outcomes were linked to the yield stress of the flocculated pulp sediments. More aggressive hydrodynamics deteriorated the structure of the aggregates, promoting the reduction of both its size and the fractal dimension. This brought direct consequences on the rheological properties of the sediments: at higher mixing level, the yield stress was lower. The explanation lies in the structural changes of the aggregates, where at a fixed mixing rate, the yield stress presented a seemingly exponential increase over the fractal dimension. Additionally, correlations were found between the rheological properties with settling rate and aggregate size.
MgO Refractory Doped with ZrO2 Nanoparticles: Influence of Cold Isostatic and Uniaxial Pressing and Sintering Temperature in the Physical and Chemical Properties
Authors: Gómez-Rodríguez Cristian , Fernández-González Daniel , García-Quiñonez Linda Viviana , Castillo-Rodríguez Guadalupe Alan , Aguilar-Martínez Josué Amilcar , Verdeja Luis Felipe
Published: December 2019

The chemical environment and the internal conditions of the furnaces and ladles are extremely aggressive for the refractories, so metallurgical industries demand refractory linings with greater durability and resistance to avoid unforeseen stoppages and to reduce the changes of the furnace lining. Therefore, the current work aims to evaluate the impact of the additions of ZrO2-nanoparticles (1, 3, and 5 wt. %) in magnesia-based bricks. A comparative study of the physical and chemical properties in bricks obtained using two cold pressing techniques (uniaxial and isostatic pressing) and two sintering temperatures (1550 and 1650 °C) was carried out. The microstructure and crystalline phase characteristics obtained after the heat treatments and the slag corrosion test was studied using scanning electron microscopy/electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results reveal that the sample with 5 wt. % of ZrO2 nanoparticles (obtained by cold isostatic pressing and sintering at 1650 °C) has the lowest porosity and greatest resistance to penetration of blast furnace slag.
Automated Pre-Analytic Processing of Whole Saliva Using Magnet-Beating for Point-of-Care Protein Biomarker Analysis
Authors: Johannsen Benita , Müller Lara , Baumgartner Desirée , Karkossa Lena , Früh Susanna , Bostanci Nagihan , Karpíšek Michal , Zengerle Roland , Paust Nils , Mitsakakis Konstantinos
Published: December 2019

Saliva offers many advantages for point-of-care (PoC) diagnostic applications due to non-invasive, easy, and cost-effective methods of collection. However, the complex matrix with its non-Newtonian behavior and high viscosity poses handling challenges. Several tedious and long pre-analytic steps, incompatible with PoC use, are required to liquefy and homogenize saliva samples before protein analysis can be performed. We apply magnet-beating to reduce hands-on time and to simplify sample preparation. A magnet in a chamber containing the whole saliva is actuated inside a centrifugal microfluidic cartridge by the interplay of centrifugal and magnetic forces. Rigorous mixing, which homogenizes the saliva sample, is then initiated. Consequently, fewer manual steps are required to introduce the whole saliva into the cartridge. After 4 min of magnet-beating, the processed sample can be used for protein analysis. The viscosity of whole saliva has been reduced from 10.4 to 2.3 mPa s. Immunoassay results after magnet-beating for three salivary periodontal markers (MMP-8, MMP-9, TIMP-1) showed a linear correlation with a slope of 0.99 when compared to results of reference method treated samples. Conclusively, magnet-beating has been shown to be a suitable method for the pre-analytic processing of whole saliva for fully automated PoC protein analysis.
Poly(methyl methacrylate) Coating of Titanium Workpieces to Reduce Burrs in Micro-drilling
Authors: Giorleo Luca
Published: December 2019

A technique to reduce burr height in titanium micro-drilling is presented: a poly (methyl methacrylate) coating was applied before machining on the upper and lower surfaces of a titanium specimen (0.5-mm thick). After drilling, a cleaning process (acetone bath) was executed to eliminate the coating, and holes with less burr were obtained. The coating process was executed with a spin-coating machine. To test the efficacy of the technique, two different coating thicknesses (7.9 and 5.4 μm) and two drill bits (0.25- and 0.5-mm diameter) were evaluated. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the holes obtained were performed with scanning electron microscopy and three-dimensional microscopy, respectively. The results highlight the efficacy of the technique to reduce the burr height by 70% in coated titanium relative to that in an uncoated titanium sheet.
On-Chip Construction of Multilayered Hydrogel Microtubes for Engineered Vascular-Like Microstructures
Authors: Yue Tao , Liu Na , Liu Yuanyuan , Peng Yan , Xie Shaorong , Luo Jun , Huang Qiang , Takeuchi Masaru , Fukuda Toshio
Published: December 2019

Multilayered and multicellular structures are indispensable for constructing functional artificial tissues. Engineered vascular-like microstructures with multiple layers are promising structures to be functionalized as artificial blood vessels. In this paper, we present an efficient method to construct multilayer microtubes embedding different microstructures based on direct fabrication and assembly inside a microfluidic device. This four-layer microfluidic device has two separate inlets for fabricating various microstructures. We have achieved alternating-layered microtubes by controlling the fabrication, flow, and assembly time of each microstructure, and as well, double-layered microtubes have been built by a two-step assembly method. Modifications of both the inner and outer layers was successfully demonstrated, and the flow conditions during the on-chip assembly were evaluated and optimized. Each microtube was successfully constructed within several minutes, showing the potential applications of the presented method for building engineered vascular-like microstructures with high efficiency.
A Potential Application of Triangular Microwells to Entrap Single Cancer Cells: A Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumor Model
Authors: Ketpun Dettachai , Pimpin Alongkorn , Tongmanee Tewan , Bhanpattanakul Sudchaya , Piyaviriyakul Prapruddee , Srituravanich Weerayut , Sripumkhai Witsaroot , Jeamsaksiri Wutthinan , Sailasuta Achariya
Published: December 2019

Cellular heterogeneity is a major hindrance, leading to the misunderstanding of dynamic cell biology. However, single cell analysis (SCA) has been used as a practical means to overcome this drawback. Many contemporary methodologies are available for single cell analysis; among these, microfluidics is the most attractive and effective technology, due to its advantages of low-volume specimen consumption, label-free evaluation, and real-time monitoring, among others. In this paper, a conceptual application for microfluidic single cell analysis for veterinary research is presented. A microfluidic device is fabricated with an elastomer substrate, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), under standard soft lithography. The performance of the microdevice is high-throughput, sensitive, and user-friendly. A total of 53.1% of the triangular microwells were able to trap single canine cutaneous mast cell tumor (MCT) cells. Of these, 38.82% were single cell entrapments, while 14.34% were multiple cell entrapments. The ratio of single-to-multiple cell trapping was high, at 2.7:1. In addition, 80.5% of the trapped cells were viable, indicating that the system was non-lethal. OCT4A-immunofluorescence combined with the proposed system can assess OCT4A expression in trapped single cells more precisely than OCT4A-immunohistochemistry. Therefore, the results suggest that microfluidic single cell analysis could potentially reduce the impact of cellular heterogeneity.
Pyrometamorphic Rocks in the Molinicos Basin (Betic Cordillera, SE Spain): Insights into the Generation of Cordierite Paralavas
Authors: Abad Isabel , Sánchez-Gómez Mario , Reolid Matías , López Sánchez-Vizcaíno Vicente
Published: December 2019

A singular thermal anomaly occurred in the Molinicos Miocene, lacustrine, intramontane basin (Betic Cordillera). This gave place to vitreous vesicular materials (paralavas) and baked rocks (clinker) inside of a sequence of marly diatomites and limestones. The chemical composition of the paralavas (SiO2 = 52–57, Al2O3 ≈ 20, Fe2O3 = 10–20, K2O + Na2O < 2.5, CaO < 4.5, and MgO < 1.5, % in weight), which is very different from typical igneous rocks, and their high-T mineralogy (cordierite, sillimanite, anorthite, mullite, and high-T silica polymorphs) suggest that they formed during a pyrometamorphic event. The occurrence of dry intervals in the lacustrine depositional system, the high Total Organic Carbon contents (>4% in weight) of dark clay layers and the existence of tectonic fractures give the right context for a combustion process. Short-term heating favoured the generation of paralavas, clinker and marbles. Thermodynamic modelling constrains the onset of melting at 870–920 °C for <10 MPa at equilibrium conditions. However, the presence of tridymite and/or cristobalite in clinker and paralavas and the compositional variation in both rock types suggests that the temperature at which first melting occurred ranged between 870 °C and 1260 °C due to melt fractionation processes.
Exogenous Production of Silver Nanoparticles by Tephrosia apollinea Living Plants under Drought Stress and Their Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: Ali Muna , Mosa Kareem , El-Keblawy Ali , Alawadhi Hussain
Published: December 2019

Nanoparticle (NP) synthesis by biological systems is more cost-effective, safe, and environmentally friendly when compared to currently used chemical and physical methods. Although many studies have utilized different plant extracts to synthesize NPs, few studies have incorporated living plants. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized exogenously by Tephrosia apollinea living plant system under the combined stresses of silver nitrate and different levels of drought stress simulated by Polyethylene glycol (PEG) (0, −0.1, −0.2, and −0.4 MPa for three and six days). Biomass, cell death, and H2O2 content were evaluated to determine the toxicological effect of the treatments on the plant. More severe effects were detected in day 6 plants compared to day 3 plants, and at higher drought levels. UV-visible spectrum, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to detect and characterize the T. apollinea synthesized NPs. The shapes of the NPs were spherical and cubic with different phytochemicals being the possible capping agents. Broth microdilution was used to determine the antimicrobial activity of the NPs against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. In this case, antimicrobial activity increased at higher PEG concentrations. Bactericidal effects were observed against E. coli, while only bacteriostatic effects were detected against S. aureus.
Generation and Immunogenicity of a Recombinant Pseudorabies Virus Co-Expressing Classical Swine Fever Virus E2 Protein and Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Capsid Protein Based on Fosmid Library Platform
Authors: Abid Muhammad , Teklue Teshale , Li Yongfeng , Wu Hongxia , Wang Tao , Qiu Hua-Ji , Sun Yuan
Published: December 2019

Pseudorabies (PR), classical swine fever (CSF), and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2)-associated disease (PCVAD) are economically important infectious diseases of pigs. Co-infections of these diseases often occur in the field, posing significant threat to the swine industry worldwide. gE/gI/TK-gene-deleted vaccines are safe and capable of providing full protection against PR. Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) E2 glycoprotein is mainly used in the development of CSF vaccines. PCV2 capsid (Cap) protein is the major antigen targeted for developing PCV2 subunit vaccines. Multivalent vaccines, and especially virus-vectored vaccines expressing foreign proteins, are attractive strategies to fight co-infections for various swine diseases. The gene-deleted pseudorabies virus (PRV) can be used to develop promising and economical multivalent live virus-vectored vaccines. Herein, we constructed a gE/gI/TK-gene-deleted PRV co-expressing E2 of CSFV and Cap of PCV2 by fosmid library platform established for PRV, and the expression of E2 and Cap proteins was confirmed using immunofluorescence assay and western blotting. The recombinant virus propagated in porcine kidney 15 (PK-15) cells for 20 passages was genetically stable. The evaluation results in rabbits and pigs demonstrate that rPRVTJ-delgE/gI/TK-E2-Cap elicited detectable anti-PRV antibodies, but not anti-PCV2 or anti-CSFV antibodies. These findings provide insights that rPRVTJ-delgE/gI/TK-E2-Cap needs to be optimally engineered as a promising trivalent vaccine candidate against PRV, PCV2 and CSFV co-infections in future.
Electrochemical MIP Sensor for Butyrylcholinesterase
Authors: Ozcelikay Goksu , Kurbanoglu Sevinc , Zhang Xiaorong , Kosak Soz Cagla , Wollenberger Ulla , Ozkan Sibel A. , Yarman Aysu , Scheller Frieder W.
Published: December 2019

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) mimic the binding sites of antibodies by substituting the amino acid-scaffold of proteins by synthetic polymers. In this work, the first MIP for the recognition of the diagnostically relevant enzyme butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) is presented. The MIP was prepared using electropolymerization of the functional monomer o-phenylenediamine and was deposited as a thin film on a glassy carbon electrode by oxidative potentiodynamic polymerization. Rebinding and removal of the template were detected by cyclic voltammetry using ferricyanide as a redox marker. Furthermore, the enzymatic activity of BuChE rebound to the MIP was measured via the anodic oxidation of thiocholine, the reaction product of butyrylthiocholine. The response was linear between 50 pM and 2 nM concentrations of BuChE with a detection limit of 14.7 pM. In addition to the high sensitivity for BuChE, the sensor responded towards pseudo-irreversible inhibitors in the lower mM range.
A Stable Anti-Fouling Coating on PVDF Membrane Constructed of Polyphenol Tannic Acid, Polyethyleneimine and Metal Ion
Authors: Wu Lili , Lin Qiuhu , Liu Cong , Chen Wanyu
Published: December 2019

A hydrophilic and anti-fouling coating layer was constructed on a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) microfiltration membrane by a novel surface modification method. The pristine membrane was firstly coated by (3-chloropropyl) trimethoxysilane/polyethyleneimine and tannic acid. Then, the metal ion was induced on the coating layer to coordinate with tannic acid and polyethyleneimine, forming a more stable and hydrophilic coating on the surface. The membrane’s surface morphology and chemical element analysis showed that the Tannic acid/ polyethyleneimine (TA/PEI) coating layer was denser and had more stability after the addition of metal ions, and this may be due to the coordination bond formed between the TA/PEI coating and metal ions. The results of the water contact angle and pure water flux measurements showed that the hydrophilicity and wettability of the modified membranes were improved obviously after introducing the metal ion layers. The anti-fouling performance and stability of the modified membrane were also characterized by the underwater oil contact angle (OCA), the separation efficiency, and the contact angle variation value for before and after the rinsing experiment. The modified membrane showed obvious stability and antifouling. Moreover, the retention rate of some composite membranes could reach 99.6%.
Short-Term Seasonal Development of Anthropometry, Body Composition, Physical Fitness, and Sport-Specific Performance in Young Olympic Weightlifters
Authors: Chaabene Helmi , Prieske Olaf , Lesinski Melanie , Sandau Ingo , Granacher Urs
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study is to monitor short-term seasonal development of young Olympic weightlifters’ anthropometry, body composition, physical fitness, and sport-specific performance. Fifteen male weightlifters aged 13.2 ± 1.3 years participated in this study. Tests for the assessment of anthropometry (e.g., body-height, body-mass), body-composition (e.g., lean-body-mass, relative fat-mass), muscle strength (grip-strength), jump performance (drop-jump (DJ) height, countermovement-jump (CMJ) height, DJ contact time, DJ reactive-strength-index (RSI)), dynamic balance (Y-balance-test), and sport-specific performance (i.e., snatch and clean-and-jerk) were conducted at different time-points (i.e., T1 (baseline), T2 (9 weeks), T3 (20 weeks)). Strength tests (i.e., grip strength, clean-and-jerk and snatch) and training volume were normalized to body mass. Results showed small-to-large increases in body-height, body-mass, lean-body-mass, and lower-limbs lean-mass from T1-to-T2 and T2-to-T3 (∆0.7–6.7%; 0.1 ≤ d ≤ 1.2). For fat-mass, a significant small-sized decrease was found from T1-to-T2 (∆13.1%; d = 0.4) and a significant increase from T2-to-T3 (∆9.1%; d = 0.3). A significant main effect of time was observed for DJ contact time (d = 1.3) with a trend toward a significant decrease from T1-to-T2 (∆–15.3%; d = 0.66; p = 0.06). For RSI, significant small increases from T1-to-T2 (∆9.9%, d = 0.5) were noted. Additionally, a significant main effect of time was found for snatch (d = 2.7) and clean-and-jerk (d = 3.1) with significant small-to-moderate increases for both tests from T1-to-T2 and T2-to-T3 (∆4.6–11.3%, d = 0.33 to 0.64). The other tests did not change significantly over time (0.1 ≤ d ≤ 0.8). Results showed significantly higher training volume for sport-specific training during the second period compared with the first period (d = 2.2). Five months of Olympic weightlifting contributed to significant changes in anthropometry, body-composition, and sport-specific performance. However, hardly any significant gains were observed for measures of physical fitness. Coaches are advised to design training programs that target a variety of fitness components to lay an appropriate foundation for later performance as an elite athlete.
Changes in Physical Properties of Inland Streamwaters Induced by Earth and Atmospheric Tides
Authors: Briciu Andrei-Emil
Published: December 2019

Earth and atmospheric tides create oscillations in water parameters of inland rivers, mainly due to the similar behavior of groundwaters. Tidal oscillations of inland rivers were termed orthotides and were detected in fluctuations of water level and specific conductivity of some rivers. However, few things are understood about orthotides because of their recent discovery. Here, we show that orthotidal signals exist in streamwater temperature too. Wavelet and T_TIDE analyses are used to study streamwater temperature and specific conductivity. We found solar and lunar semidiurnal orthotides (S2 and M2) in Alapaha River (USA) water temperature and Wybong River (Australia) water specific conductivity with amplitudes of up to 0.6 °C and 11.3 µS/cm. We demonstrate that the tidal semidiurnal cycles have statistical significance and are caused by similar cycles in groundwater. Oscillations found in water temperature time series for some new moon time intervals have shapes that correlate with the gravitational tides. Diurnal and fortnightly tidal cycles were found and overlapped with other natural cycles with similar periodicities. The inclusion of more water parameters to the list of orthotidally sensitive parameters indicates the wider than expected environmental impact of the small periodic natural changes.
Treatment of Effluents from the Textile Industry through Polyethersulfone Membranes
Authors: da Silva Barbosa Ferreira Rodholfo , Florindo Salviano Aline , Sonaly Lima Oliveira Sandriely , Maria Araújo Edcleide , da Nóbrega Medeiros Vanessa , de Lucena Lira Hélio
Published: December 2019

Membranes have been widely used in the treatment of industrial effluents. However, there are still some limitations in the separation and permeability with respect to these effluents. Therefore, this study investigated the addition of 1% and 5% of an inorganic filler (clay) in polyethersulfone polymer membranes. By contact angle analysis, it was observed that the clay influenced the hydrophilicity of the membrane. The presence of the clay had an important role in the morphology of the membrane, modifying and favoring a greater quantity of pores and macropores for the porous support. For the tensile test, it was seen that the high clay content decreased the membranes properties. The flow tests, having a flow stabilized around 300 L/h·m2 for membranes containing clay, evidenced the efficiency of the membrane for the treatment of indigo blue, representing a 200% increase in relation to polyethersulfone membrane. The membrane containing 1% of clay presented the highest level of rejection to the effluent, around 94.0%. Thus, it was evident that the addition of montmorillonite clay modified the membrane structure contributing to a higher selectivity and permeability.
FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF THE CUTTING PROCESS DURING MACHINING OF STRUCTURAL STEEL USING ANSYS WORKBENCH
Authors: Кхалифа М. , Khalifa M. , Дуюн Т. , Duyun T.
Published: December 2019

The technique of modeling the cutting process when sharpening structural steel (steel 45) is presented. The 3D finite element simulations of machining are conducted using commercial code ANSYS Workbench. For the simulation of plastic deformation and failure of the materials, a Johnson-Cook model is used as constitutive equation to describe behavior of material during cutting process. This model takes into account the effects of the kinematic hardening and adiabatic heating of the deformable material. To model separation of chip from the workpiece, the Johnson–Cook (J–C) damage criterion is used. In the suggested model, the value of feed is taken into account as the width of the strip of the workpiece for modeling workpiece. As a result of modeling, the stress and strain fields for both the workpiece and the tool are presented, as well as the thermal field of the chip and the machined piece. The results are compared and evaluated with the experimental results; they are similar and do not contradict the traditional theory of the metal cutting. The proposed method of modeling allows to study the stress-strain state and thermal distributions of the cutting process, chip formation conditions and prediction of the quality of finished surface.
TEST SIMULATION OF «FINITE ROTATION AND DISPLACEMENT» METHOD BY THE EUROPEAN ROBOTIC ARM PASSING THROUGH THE SINGULAR POINTS
Authors: Данилов А. , Danilov A.
Published: December 2019

The article consider the test simulation of the «finite rotation and displacement» method (FRDM) when the European Robotic Arm (ERA) manipulator is passing through the singular points. The test simulation confirms the method’s efficiency when passing through singular points and shows how to control the manipulator with various manifestations of the singularity. Depending on the type of singularities manifestation the manipulator is controlled in the vicinity of the singular point by means of small changes in its configuration or by limiting and setting specific values to generalized coordinates at the software and hardware level. The FRDM method is designed to solve the inverse kinematics (IK) for sequential-structure manipulators with an arbitrary number of links connected by fifth-class kinematic pairs. The method is based on determining the exact and optimal iterative steps that provide the maximum approximation to the given parameters of the final link for each degree of mobility. The software has been developed that consists of subprograms for organizing a general solution of the IK and a particular one for a particular manipulator in the form of source data according to the algorithm of the method. The initial data are the vector model of the manipulator, the values of the structural constraints of the generalized coordinates and signs of kinematic pairs by type and class.
SUBSTANTIES OF COMPOSITE FORM
Authors: Иванова О. , Ivanova O. , Горожанкин В. , Gorozhankin V.
Published: December 2019

Architecture as a language of social communication embodies the artistic content in various forms that are associated with the organization of professional work. During the period of handicraft production, the architect-the main builder, expressed the cosmic harmony of the Universe made by the Creator. Being a designer, an architect expressed mathematical proportions in the composite forms of the building drawing. The division of labor in design led to the differentiation of the composite form into a functional form, compositional form and constructive form. Industrialization of design led a composite concept to the development of spatial concepts and the formation of an environmental approach. The development of formative thinking of the architect led to the creation of new innovative eco-friendly architectural materials. Unique manufacturing techniques allow to create perfect flatness and flexibility of composite materials associated with the absence of internal stress. This led to the creation of spatial structures without seams in different temperature and climatic conditions. The article systematizes professional design experience concentrated in the concept of composite form, calling the integrated, differentiated and multilayer superpositions of design graphics and the construction body.
Testina celtica in bronzo da Casteggio
Authors: Invernizzi Rosanina
Published: December 2019

A Celtic bronze bearded head of Casteggio.

A rare bronze bearded head found during a recent excavation of ancient Clastidium is presented in this article. The closest stylistic similarity make one suppose that it belonged to an anthropomorphic sword handle dated between the end of the second-beginning of the first century B.C.
Notes d’étymologie gauloise
Authors: Lejeune Michel
Published: December 2019

Notes on the etymology of Gaulish : XI. The “Ten-Nights” of Grannos. -XII. Coligny : the title of the second fortnight.

XI. A Latin inscription from Limoges has recently revealed the name of a Gaulish festival, the Decamnoctiac(a) Granni, «festival of the ten nights of Grannos». Analysis of the compound decam-noct-ion, “a space of ten-nights”, comparable to tri-nox(tion) in the Coligny Calendar.

XII. In that same calendar, the title of the second fortnight of every month is atenoux ·. critical examination of some hypotheses, ate en-oux “into the top again” (because the reckoning is starting again from 1), or ate-no(uio)- “re-new”, followed by the number XV written VX, which seems to be less probable.
Amra Con Roi (ACR) : Discussion, edition, translation
Authors: Henry Patrick L.
Published: December 2019

Amra Con Roí : analyse, édition, traduction.

Amra Con Roí, ou «l’éloge de Cú Roi », est l’une des œuvres archaïques en vieil-irlandais qui ont rarement été éditées. Amra Con Roí est à la source même de la tradition irlandaise : on y trouve le reflet des relations entre Ulaid et Erainn, donc une situation antérieure à l’arrivée des Gaels. L’esthétique du poème et ses traditions ethniques permettent de comprendre pourquoi il a influencé tant de générations de poètes et de seigneurs — car il se fonde essentiellement sur le thème des rapports ancestraux entre ces deux classes. C’est pourquoi il se présente comme un dānastuti, une louange de la générosité du seigneur. Ce type de poème, indigène et traditionnel, a précédé les mètres syllabiques nouveaux introduits en Irlande aux VIe-VIIe siècles.
D'Orose au Lebor Gabála Érenn : les gloses du manuscrit Reg. lat. 1650
Authors: Szerwiniack Olivier
Published: December 2019

Un recueil de gloses hiberno-latines aux Histoires contre les Païens d’Orose, contenu dans le manuscrit Vatican, B.A.V., Reg. lat. 1650, semble avoir des points de contact avec la compilation irlandaise Lebor Gabála Érenn. Ces gloses peuvent avoir contribué à faire connaître dans les milieux monastiques irlandais un certain nombre des idées d’Orose, qui seront reprises plus tard dans le Lebor Gabála.
Some Features of Adaptation of the Cardiovascular System the Long-term and Safe Staying under Weightlessness
Authors: Baevsky Roman Markovich , Funtova Irina Isaevna , Luchitskaya Elena Sergeevna
Published: December 2019

The paper deals with the study of the state of the cardiovascular system and its regulatory mechanisms by non-invasive methods applied in experiments on orbital stations. The issues of an organism adaptation to weightlessness during long-term space flights are considered.
Review of Visual Imitation Technologies in Simulation Systems.
Authors: Kruchinina A.P. , Latonov V.V. , Chertopolokhov V.A.
Published: December 2019

The paper presents the overview of technologies and technical facilities used to create simulations and simulators, including for the space industry, as well as technologies for tracking the human body and visual simulation. An example of the realization on the virtual reality headset together with the virtual reality suit is given. This hybrid technology will allow solving not only the tasks of training and practicing operations in various situations, but also the tasks of remote controlling of objects of different complexity.
Private Retirement Scheme Funds: Will the Asset Allocation Strategy Work For Retirees?
Authors: Lau Wee Yeap
Published: December 2019

One of the principal-agent problems is the asymmetric information between fund managers and investors. To mitigate this issue, this study conducts the return-based style analysis on Private Retirement Scheme funds to their asset allocation strategy. Our results show: First, conservative funds have a strong focus on fixed income products rather than equity. Second, in terms of asset allocation to equity, on average, growth funds have a higher allocation to foreign equity of 16.28 per cent, followed by moderate funds of 9.18 per cent; Third, growth funds focus on large growth stocks, while moderate funds focus on large value stocks. However, three observations deserve our attention: First, a high degree of selection for the conservative fund will entail higher transaction cost; and second, in terms of the degree of style and selection, conservative funds do not vary much from growth funds. In other words, there is no distinct product differentiation between the two categories; Lastly, there is a wide disparity in asset allocation across the conservative funds. This implies some degree of risk-taking by some fund managers. These results suggest that the financial goals of retirees will be undermined if PRS funds do not focus on their mandate.
Exploitation and Estrangement of Migrant Workers in a Capitalist Society: A Marxist Interpretation of John Steinbeck’s of Mice and Men
Authors: Abdullah Md Abu Shahid
Published: December 2019

John Steinbeck, who was deeply influenced by his own experiences with migrant workers, sets Of Mice and Men in a time dominated by capitalism and class differences. The migrant workers in the novel stand for the exploited and alienated working class in the society. The aim of the article is to show how the ideologies developed by the capitalist society are inscribed within the workers in the novel. It aims to show how the migrant workers in the novel are alienated and exploited by the capitalist mode. It also aims to prove that Steinbeck, through his characters, attempts to show four characteristics of alienation or alienated labour as mentioned by Marx: workers’ alienation from the product; alienation from the act of production; alienation from human essence through alienation from work; and, alienation from fellow workers and the resulting objectification and degradation. Last but not least, the article also aims to show how effectively Steinbeck displaces the centre by giving a voice to the marginalised and by denying it to the oppressors.
A Feminist Study of Manju Kapur’s A Married Woman
Authors: S Prasad Krishna , Manju AJ
Published: December 2019

Postmodern tendencies have been reflected in Indian writing in English over the past few years. This paves way for the creation of new socio-cultural and political situation and circumstances that pushes the marginal or the extreme marginal to the centre stage. Feminism as it is an accompanying issue of postmodernism is the product of such a sensibility. The novel A Married Women is heavily plotted. It traces the life of Astha from her young adulthood through her early middle years. In the process she dates with a couple of young men of her own choice like her western counter parts, marries a man of her parents " choice and discovers the joys of intimacy with her husband, begets children, yet grows distant from him, and struggles to become a painter. She reflects the middle class values and seems to enjoy her mental bliss for a long time but gradually experiences that there is something certainly lacking in her life.
SISTEM PENERIMA (RECEIVER) AUTOMATIC IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM (AIS) BERBASIS MINI COMPUTER PADA KAPAL NELAYAN TRADISIONAL DI MADURA
Authors: Maulidi Akh
Published: December 2019

Automatic Identification System (AIS) merupakan sistem navigasi yang digunakan pada Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) untuk mengidentifikasi dan bertukar data secara elektronik. Organisasi Maritim Internasional (IMO) dan Konvensi Internasional untuk Keselamatan Jiwa di Laut (SOLAS) 1974 dan Colreg (collision regulation 1972) mewajibkan AIS untuk dipasang dikapal yang mempunyai gross tonnage (GT) 300 ton atau lebih dan juga untuk semua jenis kapal penumpang.AIS dapat menggantikan beberapa alat komunikasi lain yang selama ini digunakan seperti kompas, peta, radar maupun GPS. Akan tetapi fungsi dan kepraktisan yang dimiliki sebanding dengan harganya yang sangat mahal sehingga nelayan tradisional tidak dapat menjangkau harganya yang relative mahal. Dari hal tersebut, peneliti mencari alternatif lain yang dapat menjadi solusi untuk mendapatkan system navigasi yang murah dan handal.Pada Mini PC terdapat pin General Purpose Input Output (GPIO) yang dapat difungsikan sebagai penerima atau pemancar sistem navigasi. Selain itu mini PC memiliki harga yang sangat murah dibandingkan dengan perangkat sejenis. Dengan memberikan algoritma program pada mini PC dapat difungsikan sebagai AIS Pemancar (Tranceiver) untuk mengirimkan data ordinat, kecepatan, dan arah pergerakan kapal. Serta sebagai penerima (Receiver) untuk menerima data ordinat, kecepatan, dan arah pergerakan kapal. Dengan demikian AIS Mini PC dapat menjadi solusi alternatif dan membantu kapal nelayan tradisional di Madura dalam memperoleh sistem navigasi.