bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Un habitat inclusif solidaire : Les défis de l’inclusion. Ce qui compte, c’est le cheminement inclusif !
Authors: Braet Laurence , Dandoy Nathalie , Ketelaer Anne , Magerotte Ghislain
Published: March 2024

Tant la Convention des Nations Unies relative aux droits des personnes handicapées que la Constitution belge prônent l’inclusion des personnes en situation de handicap, c’est-à-dire la possibilité de participer activement à la vie sociale. En termes d’habitat, l’inclusion signifie que toute personne, malgré une situation de déficience intellectuelle et/ou de maladie psychique, a le droit de vivre dans un lieu qu’elle peut s’approprier, qui constitue son ancrage spatial et social et qu’elle aura librement choisi. Les habitats inclusifs solidaires ont pour vocation de répondre à ce droit. Ce sont des habitats groupés ordinaires dans lesquels réside au moins une personne en situation de déficience intellectuelle et/ou de maladie psychique, soutenue dans son rôle social d’habitant par un entourage bienveillant et un accompagnement externe à la mesure de ses besoins. L’individualisation de l’accompagnement, indispensable pour permettre aux personnes de vivre dans l’habitat de leur choix, nécessite un financement personnalisé de soutien aux personnes. Si la Flandre emprunte – bien que de manière encore insuffisante – cette voie, les budgets personnalisés restent malheureusement quasiment inexistants pour les francophones des régions bruxelloise et wallonne.
En route vers une école inclusive en Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles (FWB) ?
Authors: Magerotte Ghislain , Coenen Jean-Pierre , Paquot Dominique
Published: March 2024

Après une période consacrée au développement de l’enseignement spécial initiée en 1970, cet enseignement est devenu « spécialisé » par décret en 2004, en même temps que ce décret a proposé quatre dispositions favorisant l’intégration scolaire. Devant l’évolution de cet enseignement spécialisé accueillant de plus en plus d’élèves dans un contexte reconnu comme ségrégatif, inégalitaire et inéquitable, ce dernier a fait l’objet d’une réflexion dans le cadre du Pacte pour un enseignement d’excellence (2016-2019), de même d’ailleurs que tout l’enseignement. Trois dispositions décrétales ont été prises concernant les aménagements raisonnables, les classes à visée inclusive et les Pôles territoriaux. Dans quelle mesure ces dispositions s’inscrivent-elles dans la perspective inclusive proposée par la Convention relative aux droits des personnes handicapées de l’ONU, ratifiée par la Belgique et la Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles ?
L’inclusion scolaire peut-elle fabriquer de l’exclusion ? Réflexion à partir de l’éducation tournée vers les personnes sourdes, entre institution et désinstitution
Authors: Dindin Carlos Stéphane
Published: March 2024

À partir d’une enquête menée auprès de personnes sourdes et de spécialistes du domaine de la surdité, le présent chapitre entend questionner les politiques d’éducation et conjointement d’intégration et d’inclusion tournées vers les personnes sourdes. Elle prend en compte l’éducation, les inégalités scolaires et la problématique du handicap. En faisant le point de l’arrivée et de la disparition des premières institutions pour personnes sourdes, cette présentation explore également les modèles belges d’éducation scolaire des personnes sourdes. L’objectif est d’analyser la manière dont les élèves sourds sont perçus et se perçoivent eux-mêmes en fonction des modèles et l’influence de telles perceptions sur leur inclusion sociale. Sur le plan théorique, l’approche par les capabilités d’Amartya Sen (1985) est adaptée pour appréhender l’inclusion scolaire afin de vérifier si elle ne donnerait pas lieu à de l’exclusion. Selon cette approche, pour cerner les inégalités sociales, il est nécessaire de prendre en compte, non seulement, les biens et services dont disposent les individus, mais aussi toute l’étendue de leurs capacités, de leur liberté réelle à utiliser ces biens et services pour satisfaire leurs besoins et vivre comme ils le souhaitent.
Un milieu qui protège de quoi ? Le rapport du milieu protégé au milieu ordinaire de travail
Authors: Boudinet Mathéa
Published: March 2024

Les Etablissements et services d’aide par le travail (ESAT) sont des établissements médico-sociaux devant fournir du travail à des personnes handicapées capables de travailler, mais qui ne seraient a priori pas insérables dans le milieu ordinaire de travail. Or, les politiques publiques incitent aujourd’hui les ESAT à devenir des sas d’insertion pour le marché du travail ordinaire. A partir d’une enquête qualitative réalisée en France entre 2018 et 2019 (entretiens et observations), cette contribution étudie la manière dont les frontières entre ces deux milieux sont conçues par les personnes handicapées et le personnel les accompagnant au sein des ESAT. Malgré une séparation formelle sur le plan juridique, les ESAT sont forcés de se positionner par rapport au milieu ordinaire : selon leur interprétation du degré de « protection » qu’ils doivent apporter, les équipes salariées peuvent chercher à se distinguer des pratiques extérieures ou bien à s’en rapprocher.
L’artiste ou le monstre
Authors: Anger No
Published: March 2024

Je me propose d’interroger l’invisibilisation scénique des artistes handicapé-e-s. Il s’agira d’analyser tout d’abord les ressorts sociaux et institutionnels de l’occultation artistique des corps handicapés dans les domaines du spectacle vivant. Je ferai ensuite la généalogie de ces processus d’invisibilisation. Dans cette perspective, j’étudierai la production discursive, qui, tout au long du XIXe siècle, construit en exceptions les corps de l’artiste forain et du lilliputien. Cette exceptionnalisation valorise certaines monstrations scéniques de corps, au détriment d’autres qui, ainsi délégitimées, se voient reléguées dans la catégorie de l’obscène. Par cette démarche généalogique, je questionnerai les narrations hégémoniques de la figure de l’artiste, tout en faisant un lien entre l’invisibilisation actuelle du corps handicapé et sa sur-visibilisation dans les spectacles de monstre du XIXème siècle.
Retour en institution : « Fils de Garches »
Authors: Gendarme-Cerquetti Rémi , Boldrini Miranda
Published: March 2024

« Fils de Garches » est le troisième long-métrage de Rémi Gendarme-Cerquetti, sorti en 2020. Ce documentaire porte sur les souvenirs de l’auteur de ses passages à l’hôpital de Garches (Hôpital Raymond-Poincaré, dans les Hauts-de-Seine) pendant les années 1980, institution française pionnière dans les soins médicaux pour les enfants atteints d’amyotrophie-spinale infantile. Son film a été sélectionné par plusieurs festivals comme le Extraordinary film festival (Namur), le Festival du film d’action sociale (Lorraine) ou encore, le Festival « Traces de vie » (Montrouge). Il a obtenu plusieurs prix, dont le Prix Bartok de la Société Française d’ethnomusicologie, au Festival International Jean Rouch en 2020 et, en 2021, le prix du Comité local du travail social et du développement social (CLTSDS) au Festival du film social. « Fils de Garches » a été projeté en pré-ouverture de la conférence Alter 2022 en présence du réalisateur, et suivi d’une conférence-débat avec le public.
Quand la sortie de l’institution est inévitable : les soignants en santé mentale entre assurance et inquiétude
Authors: Marquis Nicolas
Published: March 2024

La désinstitutionnalisation est, dans le secteur de la santé mentale, un idéal normatif de longue date, aujourd’hui porté par la CDPH et le Comité pour les droits des personnes handicapées. Mais elle est aussi une réalité pratique, car bon nombre d’institutions ne peuvent accueillir les patients souffrant de troubles psychiques graves que pour une durée limitée. Ce chapitre prend pour objet empirique un dispositif développé dans une institution française, censé préparer les patients et les soignants à la sortie des premiers : les « réunions-partenaires » et les échanges qui s’y tiennent entre le patient et d’autres acteurs. En contrastant deux situations différentes de patients, le chapitre montre que, si chaque patient est théoriquement considéré comme un partenaire de son soin, ce statut est en réalité toujours conditionné au fait que les soignants soient non pas inquiets par l’incapacité d’une personne à se prendre en charge, mais rassurés par la démonstration de son appétence et de ses compétences pour l’autonomie.
La pénalisation du harcèlement de rue à l’épreuve du travail policier. Les débuts de l’outrage sexiste en France
Authors: Archat Stéphanie
Published: March 2024

Cet article propose d’interroger la mise en œuvre concrète de l’outrage sexiste, une nouvelle infraction visant le « harcèlement de rue » en France. Il s’appuie pour cela sur une enquête par entretiens, observations et analyses de documents, menée auprès de différentes polices chargées de son application entre 2018 et 2020. Dans une perspective de sociologies de la police et de l’action publique, appliquée à une question genrée, l’article met en avant la mise en œuvre limitée de la contravention, pour des motifs idéologiques, liés au cadrage du problème public et aux représentations des agent·e·s, mais aussi et surtout en raison de logiques professionnelles traversant ces forces de police, combinées aux modalités de construction de cette infraction.
L’engagement en doctorat des formateurs aux métiers du care
Authors: Mahieu Céline
Published: March 2024

De plus en plus d’enseignants de formations professionnalisantes du supérieur s’engagent en doctorat. Cela semble en lien avec le processus d’universitarisation. Existe-il d’autres motifs ? Comment parviennent-ils à rester engagés alors qu’ils sont en reprise d’études et doivent concilier leur formation avec leurs autres trajectoires de vie ? Cet article s’intéresse au cas particulier des sages-femmes enseignantes. Nous avons mené une recherche qualitative longitudinale avec des entretiens auprès de 15 sages-femmes enseignantes en cours de doctorat à un an d’intervalle. Les résultats montrent qu’elles considèrent leur engagement comme un investissement pour leur profession et celle de sage-femme. Malgré les difficultés rencontrées, elles font preuve d’endurance. Nous identifions des facteurs influençant le maintien de leur engagement et de leur santé mentale, tels que la reconnaissance du travail doctoral par autrui et la relation soutenante avec leur(s) directeur(s) de thèse.
L’organisation du travail universitaire des étudiant·e·s en situation de handicap et son accompagnement. Étude de cas en France et en Angleterre
Authors: Mettouchi Micha Louisa
Published: March 2024

Le présent article s’intéresse à l’organisation du travail universitaire des étudiant·e·s en situation de handicap anglais·e·s et français·e·s et à la manière dont l’environnement universitaire voit naitre et répond aux difficultés en la matière, impliquant des restrictions de participation aux apprentissages et des situations d’inégalité. Nous constaterons que pour certains étudiant·e·s une organisation du travail efficiente est possible grâce à des ressources que nous mettrons en lumière. En revanche, pour d’autres étudiant·e·s les stratégies mises en œuvre sont inopérantes pour des causes que nous expliciterons, de même que leurs conséquences pour les parcours étudiants. Nous formulerons à ce titre des recommandations pour accompagner ces pratiques estudiantines dont l’enjeu réside dans l’affiliation à l'université et la réussite.
La défiance envers la médecine - une injustice épistémique envers les médecins ou envers les patient·es ?
Authors: Reymondon Marie-Lou
Published: March 2024

Cet article veille à prévenir un usage extensif et abusif du concept d’injustice testimoniale, pouvant être utilisé pour caractériser la défiance des patient·es envers les médecins. En insistant sur le concept de préjugé social au coeur de la définition d’injustice testimoniale, il apparaît plus prudent de restreindre l’usage du terme aux cas où cette défiance est liée à l’appartenance réelle ou supposée du médecin à une catégorie sociale stigmatisée, plutôt que de l’étendre à l’ensemble des situations de défiance envers l’institution médicale. Comment expliquer les autres situations de défiance des patient·es ? Nombre de ces situations peuvent être interprétées comme des cas d’injustice épistémique subie par les patient·es elle/eux-mêmes - et plus précisément d’injustice herméneutique ou d’injustice épistémique de confiance. Ce sont d’abord les patient·es qui subissent le coût de cette défiance, et l’institution médicale a une responsabilité dans la perpétuation de cette défiance, surtout lorsqu’elle concerne des groupes stigmatisés ayant subi des violences médicales. Il apparaît alors nécessaire de comprendre la crédibilité accordée aux médecins à partir du contexte et de la situation sociale des patient·es, pour faire apparaître des cas où la défiance des patient·es peut être justifiée et rationnelle, tout en étant potentiellement nocive pour leur santé.
Injustices épistémiques : lorsqu’autisme et dyscommunication se conjuguent, comment faire entendre ses choix ?
Authors: Lacôte-Coquereau Cécile
Published: March 2024

Malgré les injonctions institutionnelles (ONU, 2006), les personnes autistes demeurent peu engagées dans des processus favorisant leur expressivité sociétale (Ebersold, 2015). Dans une approche anthropocentrée, le programme Participe 3.0 accompagne, via des systèmes innovants de réalité virtuelle, des adultes autistes dyscommunicants vers plus de participation et d’interactions sociales, dans leur projet d’habitat inclusif partagé. Comment, pour ces personnes avec troubles cognitifs, langagiers et psycho-sensoriels, historiquement marginalisées, favoriser l’autonomie décisionnelle, vectrice de reconnaissance sociale ? Comment, par des artefacts en communication alternative, minorer les processus de silenciation et permettre « un climat herméneutique inclusif » capable de dépasser les préjugés identitaires (Fricker, 2007) ? Les résultats montrent l’importance d’un dispositif collaboratif, où les médiations humaines et numériques favorisent une éthique centrée sur le sujet-participant, en reconnaissance de « ses capacités, sa singularité » (Bourdon, 2021; Sen, 2009).
C’est pas dans la tête : les injustices épistémiques dans les soins aux personnes qui ont des troubles psychiques
Authors: Linder Audrey , Bovet Émilie
Published: March 2024

Comme le montre une récente revue de littérature, la surmortalité des personnes en souffrance psychique s’explique notamment par leur moindre accès aux soins somatiques (Gandré et al., 2022). Dans cette perspective, cet article explore les injustices de témoignage vécues par les personnes en souffrance psychique et leurs répercussions sur leur prise en charge somatique, à travers l’analyse de récits de personnes qui ont des troubles psychiques, de soignant·es en psychiatrie et d’étudiant·es en soins infirmiers. Il propose également un dispositif pour amener les (futur·es) soignant·es à questionner leurs propres pratiques à l’aune de récits relatifs à des injustices de témoignage subies par des personnes qui ont des troubles psychiques. Il offre enfin l’opportunité de réfléchir aux manières d’aborder cette thématique dans les formations pré- et post-graduées en santé afin d’améliorer la prise en charge des personnes concernées par cette problématique.
Relation thérapeutique, mal diglossique et injustices épistémiques en contexte réunionnais : comment ouvrir davantage l’espace de parole ?
Authors: Noël Audrey
Published: March 2024

Cet article explore la relation thérapeutique en contexte réunionnais en questionnant l’apport du concept d’injustice épistémique pour caractériser les situations où il est fait état plus classiquement d’insécurité linguistique, situationnelle ou plus globalement de mal diglossique. Une analyse de témoignages sur l’annonce du handicap a été menée, basée sur une double lecture conceptuelle. Il apparait que mal diglossique et injustice épistémique recoupent en partie des faits similaires, mais que la notion d’injustice testimoniale permet de pointer des faits qui resteraient peu perceptibles selon le concept de mal diglossique. Au-delà d’une réflexion théorique concernant les liens et les dissemblances entre les concepts, cet article interroge la posture du·de la soignant·e dans les espaces créoles et la manière dont la parole peut être encouragée.
Les dommages épistémiques en recherche : rétablir la confiance des personnes trans envers les chercheur·euse·s en position de privilège en travail social à travers la pratique de la responsabilité épistémique
Authors: Gauthier Marie-Claire
Published: March 2024

Cet article s’intéresse aux dynamiques de pouvoir entre les chercheur·euse·s en position de privilège en travail social et les groupes marginalisés. Il suggère que les injustices épistémiques vécues par certains groupes marginalisés causent des dommages épistémiques, dont celui de la perte de confiance envers : 1) les institutions productrices de connaissances; 2) les chercheur·euse·s ; 3) les groupes eux-mêmes et leur capacité à produire des savoirs légitimes. Mobilisant la notion des injustices épistémiques et des dommages épistémiques et analysant le cas spécifique des personnes trans en travail social, l’article vise à répondre à la question suivante : quelles attitudes les chercheur·euse·s peuvent-ils·elles adopter pour éviter les dommages épistémiques et rétablir la confiance des groupes marginalisés à leur égard et à l’égard des recherches ? Dans cette optique, la pratique de la responsabilité épistémique apparaît essentielle pour rétablir cette confiance.
Sun Tracking Solar Panel Using Machine Learning
Authors: Sriramalakshmi P. , Babu Amin , Arjun G.
Published: March 2024

Increasing demand for electricity will gradually lead to depletion of coal and fossil fuel resources in the near future. Solar energy can be advantageous to a great extent as it is the most abundant form of non-renewable resource. To make most of the power from photovoltaic cells, development should focus on getting greater efficiencies using solar panel arrays. This chapter proposes a sun tracking solar panel system that utilizes machine learning algorithms to optimize the orientation of the solar panels towards the sun. The system is designed to improve the efficiency of energy production by reducing the shading effect and maximizing the amount of sunlight received by the solar panels. Linear regression, polynomial regression, ridge regression, and lasso regression models were used to predict the optimal angle for the solar panels. The results of the study demonstrate that the proposed system using machine learning algorithms can improve the performance of the solar panel system and increase energy production.
Demand Response-Integrated Economic Emission Dispatch Using Improved Remora Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Nagarajan Karthik , Rajagopalan Arul , Selvaraj P. , Ravi Hemantha Kumar , Kareem Inayathullah Abdul
Published: March 2024

Customers of electric utilities that participate in demand response are encouraged to use less energy than they typically do in order to better balance the supply and demand for energy. In this study, demand response is taken into account as a demand resource in the multi-objective optimal economic emission dispatch issue. The optimal schedule of conventional generators with the incorporation of demand response is determined using the improved remora optimization algorithm (IROA), a new technique for optimization inspired by nature. The two distinct objective functions of generation cost and emission are both optimized using the suggested optimization algorithm. The proposed optimization algorithm is investigated on IEEE 118-bus system. The application results are then compared with those obtained using the IROA and other optimization algorithms. The results of the optimization prove that, while adhering to the given limitations, the suggested optimization approach can drastically reduce both the operation cost and emission of the test systems under consideration.
Optimizing Wind Energy Efficiency in IoT-Driven Smart Power Systems Using Modified Fuzzy Logic Control
Authors: Jayapalan Booma , Sathishkumar Ramasamy , Prakash I. Arul , M. Venkateswaran
Published: March 2024

In the quest for sustainable energy sources, wind generators (WGs) have emerged as a promising solution to provide power for remote and grid-connected applications within IoT-enabled smart power systems. This research underscores the significance of wind energy as a valuable and sustainable energy source in the context of IoT-enabled smart power systems and delves into optimizing its utilization. Specifically, The authors introduce a novel approach to address the limitations of conventional hill climbing search (HCS) methods by incorporating a modified fuzzy logic-based HCS algorithm. The results unequivocally demonstrate that this proposed algorithm significantly enhances efficiency, consistently achieving an impressive efficiency rating of approximately 95% across diverse wind conditions. These findings mark a significant stride towards realizing the full potential of wind energy as a reliable and sustainable energy source within the context of IoT-connected smart power systems, paving the way for a greener and smarter energy future.
Dying to Lead
Authors: Walters Annette G.
Published: March 2024

Minoritized women in K–12 education face numerous challenges that have a significant impact on their professional and personal lives. The leadership style, goals, and experiences of these women often encounter obstacles that necessitate resilience, mentorship, relational support, and leadership coaching to foster longevity, long-term success, goal achievement, and overall well-being. Minority women in leadership roles often must navigate unsupportive organizational structures. The intersectionality of gender and color/ethnicity within leadership is an important area of study for both practitioners and scholars. This publication aims to provide a comprehensive and insightful exploration of the critical topic of minority women in leadership and the effects on their well-being within the educational leadership landscape. It examines the multifaceted aspects of their experiences, including professional, physical, mental, and emotional challenges, as well as their resilience and the social dimensions of leadership.
Spotlighting the Need for More Minority Women in K-12 Education Leadership
Authors: Johnson Natasha N.
Published: March 2024

Minority women encounter a myriad of challenges and disparities in their pursuit of leadership positions in K-12 education. While the number of women leading independent schools has increased, they are more likely to achieve headship in small and K-8 schools rather than in larger schools and secondary settings. Marginalizing policies and climates still exist within schools, but women leaders are working for change through activism and efforts intended to promote gender equity. Equitable leadership and social justice are essential concepts in addressing the needs of women and minoritized people in educational leadership. As such, increasing the number of women of color in educational leadership positions can have a positive effect on such topics as racism, poverty, oppression, and work-life balance, among others. Moreover, advancing the number of minority women in K-12 leadership can, and indeed does, positively contribute to students' academic success.
Feature Selection Using Correlation Analysis for Accurate Breast Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: Singh Jasjit , Goyal Deepanshu , Vashist Apurva
Published: March 2024

Breast cancer is a sickness that can affect women when some cells in their breasts grow abnormally. It's a serious problem and is one of the main reasons why women pass away. It's hard to accurately diagnose because it's a complex disease, and treatments and patients vary. Thankfully, there have been important discoveries in how to find and treat breast cancer. Now, about 89 out of every 100 women with breast cancer can survive if they find it early. So, we need a special kind of technology that can find breast cancer when it's just starting and reduce the chance of cancer coming back. Scientists use computer programs called “machine learning” to help find breast cancer in lots of data. The fundamental purpose of this research initiative was to prudently apply feature selection methodologies, while integrating the examination of correlations among input features. These selected significant features were subsequently employed in conjunction with a classification method.
Prospects for the Implementation of Practice-Based Learning for Students of Managerial Profile
Authors: Ilich Liudmyla , Yakovenko Igor , Akilina Olena , Panchenko Alla , Sobczak-Michalowska Marzena
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the study is to highlight the theoretical and practical aspects of implementing practice-oriented training of management students and to develop a descriptive model of internship based on innovative approaches. The study highlights the theoretical and applied aspects of the practice-based education implementation for management specialists. Achieving the study goal contributed to the use of several methods of scientific knowledge, in particular theoretical (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction), empirical methods (observation, questionnaires, surveys), the method of experimental work, as well as tabular and graphical methods. The basic parameters of the practice-based education model were substantiated and determined. They provide the student`s participation in educational and professional internship, performing official duties during one academic year. The main components inherent in the practice-based education model that distinguish it from the traditional process of practice within the framework of the generally accepted educational model were analyzed.
The Privacy-Preserving High-Dimensional Synthetic Data Generation and Evaluation in the Healthcare Domain
Authors: Mallick Chandrakant , Giri Parimal Kumar , Paikaray Bijay Kumar
Published: March 2024

In the fast-changing environment of healthcare research and technology, there is an increasing demand for varied and vast information. However, issues with data privacy, unavailability, and ethical considerations frequently limit smooth access to true high-dimensional healthcare data. This research investigates a viable approach to addressing these challenges: the use of high-dimensional synthetic data in the healthcare area. The authors investigate the potentials and uses of synthetic data production through a review of current literature and methodology, providing insights into its role in overcoming data access barriers, fostering innovation, and supporting evidence-based decision making. The chapter outlines significant use cases, such as simulation and prediction research, hypothesis and algorithm testing, epidemiology, health information technology development, teaching and training, public dataset release, and data connecting.
Put the Human Into Online Teaching Through a Strong Instructor Presence
Authors: Dennett Susan Kim Evanka
Published: March 2024

To examine what factors went into creating a high-touch high-feel learning environment, this study partially replicated Dennett's 2020 study. The action research study delved into the important role of instructor presence in the online classroom and analyzed students' perceptions of teaching evaluations. The students were asked what they liked about their online course. Data were gathered from a public educational institution in the Southeastern United States during the period of 2018 to 2023. Findings included that instructor presence in the online courses was important to students. Other factors such as detailed feedback on assignments and the use of personalized videos helped to make the students feel connected to the instructor. This study has important implications for educators and organizational course designers. It offers insights on how to create a high touch high feel environment, as well as tools to course designers and instructors as they design and deliver online learning. The role of instructor presence has an important impact on the student learning experience.
Weaving Emotional Arcs Into Online Education
Authors: Vijayakumar Tejaswini Menon
Published: March 2024

Exploring the integration of narrative and emotional arcs in online education, this chapter unveils a transformative approach for enhancing learner engagement and humanizing online education. It proposes a narrative-based model, employing emotional arcs for course structuring, fostering deeper empathy, retention, and completion rates. This innovative methodology of applying emotional arcs to online course design aims to transcend traditional teaching boundaries and creating a more human online educational experience.
Antibiotics and Ecological Disruption
Authors: Chaudhary Rakshita , Sharma Eti , Gaur Nisha
Published: March 2024

The extensive use of antibiotics over the past 80 years has improved technology, averted millions of deaths, and eradicated numbers of dangerous bacteria. The ecological changes brought about by antibiotics in human-associated bacteria and their functional implications are now beginning to become clear to us. There is mounting evidence that antibiotics have an impact on our ability to fight infections. So, it's more crucial than ever that to review this approach to using antibiotics. Two emerging biological contaminants, i.e., ARB and ARGs, are ubiquitously detected, and affect human health and perish the ecological system. Industrial effluent and semi-metabolized antibiotic residues from human faeces are allowed to leave into municipal wastewater which in turn triggers the selections of ARB and ARGs. This review will address the overview of antibiotic resistance and its cytotoxic effects on the environment, the detection methods of ARGs and ARB and the remediation methods to overcome these challenges along with futuristic approaches to combat these problems.
Harnessing Computational Biology to Address Antibacterial Drug Resistance
Authors: Saxena Richa , Srivastava Vaishnavi , Sharma Richa
Published: March 2024

In the relentless battle against antibacterial drug resistance, the fusion of computational biology emerges as an indefatigable ally, poised to reshape the narrative of the fight against resilient pathogens. This book chapter embarks on an electrifying odyssey, delving into the captivating realm of computational biology and revealing its transformative potential in combating drug-resistant bacteria. Antibiotic resistance looms as a menacing global threat, threatening to nullify our most potent weapons against infections. Within this narrative, the authors embark on a thrilling exploration of how computational biology, armed with state-of-the-art algorithms and vast datasets, unravels the intricate molecular dance of drug resistance mechanisms. From decrypting the cryptic genetic mutations that bolster bacterial defenses to predicting uncharted territories of drug targets, computational biology ushers in an era of precision medicine. It bestows upon researchers the power to craft ingenious therapies, breathe new life into existing antibiotics, and even forecast the evolution of resistance.
Bibliometric Analysis of Antibacterial Drug Resistance
Authors: Netthong Rojjares , Khumsikiew Jeerisuda , Donsamak Sisira , Navabhatra Abhiruj , Yingngam Krit , Yingngam Bancha
Published: March 2024

As the burden of antibacterial drug resistance continues to increase, understanding the landscape of existing research is crucial for navigating future directions and strategies. This chapter presents a thorough bibliometric analysis of the literature pertaining to antibacterial drug resistance. The analysis spans the evolution, current status, and emerging trends within this critical field. Employing key bibliometric tools and techniques, this overview maps publication trends, dominant research themes, geographical distributions, and the most influential contributors to the discipline. The insights garnered provide a comprehensive understanding of where research has been concentrated, highlight gaps in current knowledge, and point toward areas of future promise. With the ever-present need for novel approaches to mitigating antibacterial drug resistance, understanding the bibliometric contours of the field offers valuable guidance for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners alike.
COVID-19 and the Interplay With Antibacterial Drug Resistance
Authors: Bhardwaj Laxmi Kant , Rath Prangya , Bajpai Shubhansh , Upadhyay Divya , Jain Harshita , Kumar Naresh , Sinha Shivani
Published: March 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing public health issue worldwide that affects the world economy. The concern associated with this issue increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. The misuse of antibiotics during the COVID-19 pandemic will have catastrophic implications for the control of AMR. In 2019, the coronavirus illness COVID-19 first appeared in China. COVID-19 infection is a surface-to-surface communicable disease. It is considered the most vital global health disaster of the century. It has rapidly spread around the world and is the greatest challenge for humankind. This chapter discusses the origin, symptoms, transmission, treatment, and recommendations of the COVID-19 disease.
Strategies and Innovations in the Battle Against Antibiotic Resistance
Authors: Bhattacharya Samoyeeta
Published: March 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a severe global health crisis, claiming over 1.27 million lives worldwide in 2019. In the U.S., more than 2.8 million cases of resistant infections annually result in 35,000 deaths. This chapter delves into the complexities of multi-drug-resistant pathogens, exploring historical instances of resistance and advocating for innovative solutions. It explores alternatives like peptides, gene editing, and unconventional therapies, while addressing challenges in research and the decline of new antibiotic development. Uniquely interdisciplinary, the chapter integrates insights from literature, healthcare reports, and pharmaceutical trends. Meticulously organized, it navigates through challenges and promising innovations, concluding with a call for global action to combat the escalating threat of antibiotic resistance. This knowledge, drawn from literature, case studies, and industry trends, has the potential to significantly advance therapies, safeguard public health, and shape the future of medicine.
Usability of the Combination of Fly Ash from Different Species
Authors: Merunka Milan , Sperling Petr , Tazky Martin , Hela Rudolf
Published: March 2024

This article deals with the possible combination of high temperature fly ash with fluidised fly ash. The aim of this experiment is to verify the effect of the combination of these two energy by-products not only on the parameters of cement mortar in the fresh state, but especially on its mechanical parameters in the hardened state.
Rheological Properties and Segregation of Fresh UHPC with Fibers Affected by Initial Temperature of Concrete Mix
Authors: Bittner Tomáš , Hurtig Karel , Jiroutova Dita
Published: March 2024

Within the framework of the project GAČR 21-24070S Model of fibre segregation in dependence on rheological properties of fresh HPC, the rheological properties and fibre segregation in fresh concrete mix depending on temperature changes have been verified. The rheological properties and fibre segregation have been verified under three temperature conditions (very low temperatures around 5 °C, normal temperature conditions around 20 °C and high temperatures above 30 °C). Comparison of the properties of UHPC with fibres at different temperature conditions has been performed on fresh mixtures mainly by spill tests. Subsequently, hardened test bodies, i.e. 40/40/160 beams, were verified in tensile bending and compression in all cases. The actual fibre segregation within the individual samples has also been verified by microscopic analysis. Different temperature conditions have been simulated by heating or cooling the input raw materials. The results have been compared by degree of changes in rheological properties and mechanical parameters.
Mechanical Properties of Luffa Fiber Reinforced Recycled Polymer Composite
Authors: Kuan Hoo Tien Nicholas , Afiq Mohd Khairul , Lumpong Scollastica Jane
Published: March 2024

Environmental issues over the eventual fate of post-consumer polymers can be dealt with in two separate ways which is recycling or using biodegradable polymers. However, it is evident that recycling polymers from post-consumer polymers can decrease the mechanical properties over time. Hence, to strengthen the recycled polymers, integrating fibers, such as luffa, into the High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) matrix, was carried out to produce a fiber reinforced recycled polymer (FRrP) composite. The tensile testing of the FRrP composite shows that the 10% fiber volume fraction (FVF) composite exhibits a higher tensile strength of 3.9% than the neat recycled HDPE (RHDPE). In terms of Young’s Modulus, the 5% FVF of FRrP is shown to have a higher value than the neat RHDPE by 54%. The low density of luffa fibers also contributes to the composites lightweight character. The impact testing shows that the FRrP enhances the impact properties when compared to the neat RHDPE. The peak load, perforation energy, and the total energy absorbed by the FRrP indicate an increasing trend when luffa, of up to 15% FVF, is added as the reinforcement. Thus, the addition of luffa as reinforcement in RHDPE shows significant potential as a high-performance, sustainable, and environmentally friendly material, such as automotive parts and protective gear.
Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyethyl Cellulose/Chitosan Incorporated with Cellulose Nanocrystal Biopolymers Network
Authors: Zulkifli Farah Hanani , Khan Sulaiman , Kabeb Siti Maznah , Shah Nurul Huda Mohamed
Published: March 2024

Biopolymeric scaffold remains one of promising candidates in various applications, such as biomedicine, pharmaceuticals, smart packaging, and cosmetics, following its advantage of non-toxicity, safety, and sustainability in bioresources. In this study, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)/ chitosan (CS) incorporated with cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) was fabricated by lyophilization technique, obtaining fine porous scaffolds structure. HEC (5 wt.%) and CS (0.1 wt.%) were prepared and blended at 50:50 ratios following the addition of CNC as nanofiller material at 1, 2 and 3 wt.%. All scaffolds were characterized by their physical, chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties via SEM, ATR-FTIR, DSC and UTM. The SEM results show HEC/CS/CNC with pore diameter ranging from 25 μm to 28 μm. The ATR-FTIR spectra indicates a broad peak of O-H stretching at 3382 cm−1 to 3397 cm−1, and C=O stretching of amide group in the range of1645cm−1 to 1653 cm−1. Mechanical testing of the samples showed increasing tensile strength with increased concentration of CNC, indicating the improved toughness of the samples. The DSC result indicates a slight decrease in glass transition and melting temperature. Overall, the HEC/CS/CNC was successfully fabricated into bioplymeric scaffolds and could be a potential substrate for biomedical application.
Halloysite Nanotube (HNT) Dispersion Stability in 10% Ethanol-Water Mixture and Water
Authors: Dilidili Aaron Zaeh F. , Habiling Jhoneliza B. , Maglalang Paul Eric C. , Millare Jeremiah C.
Published: March 2024

This study investigates Halloysite Nanotube (HNT) dispersibility in ethanol-water mixtures – 0% and 10% ethanol at 100, 300, and 500 ppm HNT concentrations. Overall, the study finds that changes in HNT concentration linearly affect the response variables and showed that the 10% ethanol solvent has a higher zeta potential, smaller particle size, higher viscosity, and settling velocity. The enlargement of HNT particles at 10% ethanol while keeping better stability than water solvent is unexpected and can open novel studies about the dispersion of HNT in this solvent system.
The medical treatment needs and in-home care service utilization of the elderly: a population-based data analysis of long-term care insurance payments in Tokyo, Japan
Authors: Watanabe Hiromi , Onouchi Tomoko , Yoon Ilhee , Oshima Chiho
Published: March 2024

How can we improve in-home care for the elderly with medical treatment needs? The purpose of this study is to investigate medical treatment and examine the use of home care services. We analyzed the long-term care insurance service payments data in City A (n=18,882) as of January 2019 and checked 12 medical treatment care needs items. The results showed that 10.1% (1913 of a total of 18,882) of people required medical treatment. The analysis was carried out by using a filter, “living in home” (n=15,320). We focused on urinary catheter and tube feeding. The study subjects are categorized into three groups: group 1 [both tubes (n=61)], group 2 [either tube (n=564)], and group 3 [no tube (n=14,698)]. The home help utilization rate was 27.9% in group 1, 29.9% in group 2, and 20.5% in group 3 (p<0.01). The home visit nursing utilization rate was 11.5% in group 1, 23.7% in group 2, and 8.1% in group 3 (p<0.01).
Illness duration and quality of sleep among people living with HIV: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Amal Ahmad Ikhlasul , Sukartini Tintin , Kurniawati Ninuk Dian , Wahyuningsih Indah Sri , Suyanto Suyanto , Ulya Inayatul
Published: March 2024

HIV is a chronic condition that requires ongoing medical management, and sleep disturbances are common among individuals living with the virus. By examining the relationship between the duration of illness and sleep quality, healthcare professionals can gain insights into the unique challenges faced by HIV patients and develop targeted interventions to address their specific sleep-related needs. This study aims to find out the relationship between the illness duration and the quality of sleep among people living with HIV/AIDS. This research used an observational research design using a cross-sectional approach. 128 HIV patients on Balai Kesehatan Masyarakat Wilayah Semarang were involved in using purposive sampling techniques. The data was gathered with medical records and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Spearman rank correlations were used to analyze the data. This study has been declared ethically appropriate by the Health Research Ethics Committee faculty of Nursing Universitas Islam Sultan Agung. The results found a relationship between the illness duration and quality of sleep where a p-value of 0.019 < α (0.05) with a contingency coefficient value of 0.208. The length of diagnosis and sleep quality have a strong correlation. Nurses and other healthcare providers need to provide interventions for PLHIV to improve sleep quality.
Xerostomia: Current Advancements and Insights in Biomedical and Biotechnology Research
Authors: Kalgeri Sowmya Halasabalu , Doddawad Vidya Gowdappa , Shivakumar Ashwini Tumkur , Shankar Parinitha Mysore , Kumar Bheemasamudra Balaraj Sunil , Bharadwaj Ravindra Sumukh
Published: March 2024

Xerostomia, commonly referred to as dry mouth, is a medical condition where the flow of saliva in the mouth is reduced or completely absent. Xerostomia is not categorized as a particular disease entity but is a symptom associated with decreased or lack of salivary secretion. Its effects on oral health and overall well-being can be significant and it can be caused by various factors such as medication use, radiation therapy, surgery, salivary gland problems, and other underlying medical conditions. A health-care professional typically diagnoses xerostomia by evaluating a patient’s symptoms and conducting a physical clinical exam. The patient’s medical and medication history may also be reviewed to identify any potential underlying causes. Decreased salivary secretion can make chewing, breaking up the food and the formation of a food bolus difficult, which increases the risk of incorrect swallowing as well as altered taste and can contribute to the experience of dysphagia. It is crucial for individuals experiencing xerostomia to seek medical attention from a health-care professional to determine the underlying cause and develop a suitable management plan. Xerostomia represents a serious problem with medical and dental implications. The search for related articles was conducted through databases including PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. This comprehensive review article offers the latest insights into the origins, diagnosis, and treatment of xerostomia, with a particular focus on prevention. In addition, it recognizes the significant impact of innovative approaches in addressing xerostomia and highlights their valuable contribution to its management.
Analysis for Mitochondrial Encoded Transfer RNA Leucine2 (MT-TL2) Gene in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Ullah Aziz , Ud Din Aziz
Published: March 2024

Background:

Breast cancer (BC) has been linked to a variety of nuclear DNA changes as well as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) alterations. The study aims to evaluate/analyze the association of mitochondrial transfer RNA (mt-tRNA) leucine 2 gene with BC patients.

Methods:

In the current study, 24 samples have been collected from various families in Peshawar. DNA was extracted from blood. Polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify the mt-tRNA MT-TL2 gene, and 20 samples were sequenced.

Results:

The sequence was compared with accession #NC-012920.1 of the Revised Cambridge Reference Sequence (rCRS). The results (chromatograph, nucleotide sequence, and rCRS alignment) show mutations in mt-tRNA MT-TL2 gene in our participants is not the cause of BC.

Conclusion:

Yet, a significant number of BC patients must be studied, and their full mtDNA must be analyzed. This will provide an indication of the potential DNA marker that might be used to prevent BC deaths at the earliest stages.
Influence of the Antimycotic Drug Itraconazole on Plasma Cortisol Levels and Blood Pressure in a Patient with Burnout Syndrome
Authors: Popov Trifon Trifonov , Hristova Svetlana Hristova
Published: March 2024

Burnout is a syndrome that is increasingly common nowadays. It is associated with reduced work efficiency and chronic exhaustion. The main cause of burnout is continuous stress at work and not enough rest. The main system involved in the pathogenesis of burnout is the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical axis with the final substrate of the glucocorticoid hormone cortisol. Therefore, in patients with burnout syndrome, the morning plasma cortisol levels are elevated, but there is no significant change in its evening values. This correlates with an increase in blood pressure, weight gain, muscle weakness, low immunity, etc. The following case report is about the unusual effect of the antifungal drug itraconazole on the circadian rhythm of the plasma cortisol levels, as well as on the blood pressure in patient with burnout syndrome. One month of peroral application of 100 mg itraconazole every day reduces the morning plasma cortisol levels to the greatest extent (by approximately 37%) rather than the evening cortisol levels (by circa 17.5%). The decrease in the mean ambulatory systolic and diastolic blood pressure is also not uniform (it is stronger in diastolic – 27% than in systolic – 17%).