bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thinking through complex webs of potency
Authors: Gerke Barbara
Published: June 2020

The epidemic of COVID-19 caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been in the headlines since December 2019. This Think Piece presents ethnographic vignettes from a recent (February 2020) field visit to Dharamsala, where the Fourteenth Dalai Lama and a Tibetan exile community reside in the northwestern Indian Himalayas. At that time there were no COVID-19 cases in India except in Kerala, South India, which had three confirmed cases. There were no cases in Tibetan communities in India, but they were considered vulnerable because of the influx of Buddhist pilgrims from China. My ethnographic focus is on traditional Tibetan medical responses of prevention and conceptions of contagion prior to any outbreak. I explore what counts as prevention, protection, and contagion in a Tibetan medical public outreach context during pre-epidemic days, and how politics and fear of ‘the other’ merge with the preventive aspects of traditional medicinal products and public health announcements in Dharamsala. Taken together, these ethnographic vignettes illustrate how local epidemic imaginaries draw on complex webs of potency. These combine, for example, substances and their smells with mantras, protective oils, and facemasks in varied ways, all in an effort to reduce anxiety and prevent contagion.
The Impact of Surgery Resident Participation on the Outcome of Carotid Endarterectomy
Authors: Ammar Alex
Published: June 2020

Introduction. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the in-hospital stroke rate plus deaths (SD) was adversely impacted by the participation of surgery residents during carotid endarterectomy.

Methods. A single board-certified vascular surgeon performed 5,663 carotid endarterectomies (CEAs) from September 1982 through December 2016. The surgeon prospectively recorded the data used in this report during the patient’s hospital stay. These cases were done at five hospitals, three of which had general surgery residents participating in procedures and two that did not.

Results. Of the 5,663 CEAs, residents participated at three hospitals in 4,974 CEAs. In the two hospitals that did not have surgery residents participating, 689 CEAs were performed. Fifty-seven strokes and 12 deaths occurred in hospitals with resident participation (SD 1.39%). Six strokes (0.9%) and no deaths occurred in hospitals without resident participation. No significant difference in stroke rate, death rate, or combined stroke plus death rate (SD) were identified in comparing hospitals with or without resident participation.

Conclusion. This report corroborates others that senior general surgery residents did not have a significant impact on SD in patients undergoing CEA.
Urinary incontinence and its predictors v1
Authors: Jaffar AIda
Published: June 2020

Background Urinary Incontinence (UI) is when a person is unable to hold his/her urine effectively. This is a common problem which can develop and worsen during pregnancy. An effective way to manage UI is to educate patients on the Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise (PFME) regularly. The present study aimed to ascertain the pregnant women’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to PFME. Methods This was a cross-sectional study done in a one primary care clinic located in a semi-urban area in Selangor, Malaysia. Simple random sampling was conducted among pregnant women aged 18 years old and above at any gestation. The validated study instruments used consisted of questions on socio-demography, KAP on UI,and also the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form to determine UI among the respondents. Results The response rate for this study was 72.1%, where 440 pregnant women consented to take part in the study. The median age of study respondents was 30 years old and majority of the study respondents was from the Malay ethnicity (80.9%). The prevalence of UI was 40.9%. The proportion of pregnant women with good knowledge, attitude and practice scores were 58.0%, 46.6% and 45.2% respectively. There was a significant association between UI and age (p=.03), body mass index (p=.03), ethnicity (p=.04), gravida. (p=.001), knowledge on PFME (p=.007) and attitude towards PFME (p=.006). Conclusions Findings from this study fill a gap in the prevalence and KAP concerning PFME at the primary care level. The foundation areas for future education and health promotion on UI should address the importance of correct PFME. This education can be delivered through a pragmatic way to ensure its effectiveness and sustainability of the health promotion program. (276 words) Keywords: Urinary-incontinence, Pregnant, Antenatal, Primary care, Pelvic-floor-muscle-exercise
TEST PROTOCOL - HTAPP to HTAN v2
Authors: Jane-Valbuena Judit
Published: June 2020

This is a test!
IMPLEMENTASI PAIKEM DALAM PENERAPAN LINGKUNGAN SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR DI PAUD DAN TK
Authors: Hj. Ernalis
Published: June 2020

Pemanfaatan lingkungan sebagai sumber belajar di TK mengarahkan anak pada peristiwa dan keadaan yang sebenarnya, keadaan yang alami sehingga lebih nyata, lebih faktual, dan kebenarannya lebih dapat dipertanggungjawabkan. Manfaat nyata yang dapat diperoleh dengan penggunaan lingkungan ini di antaranya adalah (1) menyediakan berbagai hal yang dapat dipelajari oleh anak, (2) memungkinkan terjadinya proses belajar yang lebih bermakna (meaningful learning), (3) memungkinkan terjadinya proses pembentukan kepribadian anak, (4) kegiatan belajar akan lebih menarik bagi anak, dan (5) menumbuhkan aktivitas belajar anak (learning activities).Jenis lingkungan yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mengoptimalkan kegiatan pembelajaran di TK terdiri atas lingkungan alam/fisik dan lingkungan sosial. Lingkungan alam/fisik merupakan segala sesuatu yang alamiah dan sifatnya relatif menetap, seperti air, tanah, batu-batuan, tumbuh-tumbuhan, hewan, sungai, iklim, suhu udara. Lingkungan sosial berkenaan dengan interaksi anak dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, serta dapat digunakan untuk mempelajari dasar-dasar ilmu sosial dan kemanusiaan.
KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK GURU PAUD DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN PEMBELAJARAN UNTUK ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Yuliariatiningsih Margaretha Sri , Setiaty Taty
Published: June 2020

Undang-Undang Nomor 14 tahun 2005 tentang guru dan dosen yang menyatakan bahwa guru dan dosen adalah jabatan profesional. Jabatan profesional adalah jabatan yang memerlukan kemampuan tertentu dan latar belakang pendidikan tertentu. Selanjutnya  menurut PP Menteri Pendidikan Nasional RI  No 16 Tahun 2007 tentang standar kualifikasi akademik dan kompetensi guru dikatakan bahwa kompetensi yang diperlukan oleh guru terbagi atas empat kategori, yaitu:  Kompetensi Pedagogi (Akademik), Kompetensi Kepribadian, Kompetensi sosial (kemasyarakatan), dan Kompetensi profesional. Pendidikan usia dini merupakan usaha mengupayakan dan mengembangkan seluruh potensi  kemampuan anak sejak lahir sampai berusia 6 tahun yang pada akhirnya merupakan fondasi awal untuk mengembangkan bangsa,  maka dari itu dibutuhkan tenaga pendidik yang mampu mengembangkan seluruh potensi anak usia dini tersebut. Karena perannya yang sangat penting, guru PAUD dituntut memiliki profesionalisme yang tinggi dalam melaksanakan tugasnya dan kesediaannya untuk berubah ke arah yang lebih baik. Kata Kunci:   Kompetensi Pedagogi, Guru PAUD, Pembelajaran, Anak Usia Dini
Dynamics of Predator-Prey Community with Age Structures and Its Changing Due To Harvesting
Authors: Neverova G.P. , Zhdanova O.L. , Frisman E.Ya.
Published: June 2020

The paper studies dynamic modes of discrete-time model of structured predator-prey community like “arctic fox – rodent” and changing its dynamic modes due to interspecific interaction. We paid special attention to the analysis of situations in which changes in the dynamic modes are possible. In particularly, 3-cycle emerging in prey population can result in predator extinction. Moreover, this solution corresponding to an incomplete community simultaneously coexists with the solution describing dynamics of complete community, which can be both stable and unstable. The anthropogenic impact on the community dynamics is studied, that is realized as harvest of some part of predator or prey population. It is shown that prey harvesting leads to expansion of parameter space domain with non-trivial stable numbers of community populations. In this case, the prey harvest has little effect on the predator dynamics; changes are mainly associated with multistability areas. In particular, the multistability domain narrows, in which changing initial conditions leads to different dynamic regimes, such as the transition to a stable state or periodic oscillations. As a result, community dynamics becomes more predictable. It is shown that the dynamics of prey population is sensitive to its harvesting. Even a small harvest rate results in disappearance of population size fluctuations: the stable state captures the entire phase space in multistability areas. In the case of the predator population harvest, stability domain of the nontrivial fixed point expands along the parameter of the predator birth rate. Accordingly, a case where predator determines the prey population dynamics is possible only at high values of predator reproductive potential. It is shown that in the case of predator harvest, a change in the community dynamic mode is possible because of a shifting dynamic regime in the prey population initiating the same nature fluctuations in the predator population. The dynamic regimes emerging in the community models with and without harvesting were compared.
Linguistic sources of stereotyping, prejudice and discrimination against circular migrants' children
Authors: Trusz Sławomir
Published: June 2020

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki 3 eksperymentów testujących językowo wzbudzane procesy stereotypizacji, uprzedzeń i dyskryminacji dzieci cyrkularnych migrantów (tzw. eurosierot). Korzystając z procedury torowania nadprogowego semantycznego, wśród uczestników wzbudzano schematy: „eurosieroty”, „sieroty”, „euro” i „dziecka” (warunek kontrolny), a następnie proszono ich o rozwiązanie zadania właściwego. Osoby korzystające z terminu „eurosierota” i „sierota”: (a) chętniej wiązały niejednoznaczny materiał (odciski palców) z niską inteligencją ich rzekomych właścicieli (eksp. 1), (b) trafniej/mniej trafnie rozpoznawały ekspresje emocji smutku/radości na fotografiach twarzy dzieci (eksp. 2) i (c) były mniej cierpliwe, szybciej przerywając wykonywaną przez badacza czynność niż uczestnicy z warunków: „dziecko” oraz „euro” i „sierota”, traktowanych łącznie. Uzyskane wyniki podsumowano w dwóch metaanalizach. Średnia wielkość efektu etykiety „eurosierota” wahała się od d-Cohena = 0,608 do 1,614.
Edukacja outdoorowa szansą na budowanie relacji rówieśniczych
Authors: Andrzejewska Jolanta
Published: June 2020

Aktywność ucznia w określonych miejscach i podczas przemyślanych zadań rozwojowo dydaktycznych jest czynnikiem wpływającym na jego proces uczenia się, wychowania i sposób podejmowania interakcji z rówieśnikami i nauczycielem. Zdaniem Jolanty Zwiernik (2009) wiedza osobista, umiejętności kluczowe, doświadczenia, strategie zachowania się ucznia nabyte w różnych sytuacjach i różnych miejscach będą inaczej skonstruowane w umyśle oraz inaczej wykorzystywane w nowych, nieszablonowych sytuacjach. Zatem we współczesnej szkole należy zwrócić uwagę na przestrzenie edukacyjne, w których przebywa dziecko, na zadania rozwojowe/ problemy, z którymi się zmaga, i na osiągnięcia rozwojowe, które pozwolą mu w przyszłości radzić sobie z wyzwaniami. Artykuł jest próbą pokazania niewykorzystanych potencjałów edukacji outdoorowej, pedagogiki miejsca i roli zadań rozwojowo-dydaktycznych w budowaniu relacji między uczniami. Materiał składa się z dwóch części: opisu projektu edukacyjnego „Za progiem”, który przyjął postać eksperymentu nauczającego, oraz prezentacji wyników badań. Istotą projektu edukacyjnego było rozwijanie kompetencji kluczowych uczniów poprzez zadania rozwojowo-dydaktyczne realizowane w czteroosobowych zespołach rówieśniczych. Projekt „Za progiem” składał się z dwóch sześciogodzinnych cykli zadań edukacyjnych „Teraźniejszość, przeszłości i przyszłość drzewa” i „Tropiciele zapachów”. Zadania o charakterze problemowym były realizowane w różnych przestrzeniach edukacyjnych, w zróżnicowanych kontekstach naturalnych, społecznych i kulturowych. Beneficjentami warsztatów byli uczniowie klas I–III , w liczbie 8 grup (7 ze środowiska wiejskiego, 1 z miejskiego), każdej liczącej 12 osób. Cykl był realizowany w ramach projektu Power pt. „Za progiem – wyprawy odkrywców” w Instytucie Pedagogiki UMCS w Lublinie i trwał od listopada 2018 roku do czerwca 2019 roku. W badaniach poszukiwano odpowiedzi na pytania: jakie relacje rówieśnicze zachodzą podczas edukacji outdoorowej? W jaki sposób zadania rozwojowo-dydaktyczne i sytuacje edukacyjne sprzyjają pojawieniu się autentycznej współpracy wśród uczniów? W badaniach wykorzystano metodę eksperymentu nauczającego, obserwację i wywiad z uczniami klas I–III.
Współpraca nauczycieli z rodzicami – systemowe propozycje rozwiązań
Authors: Gulczyńska Anna
Published: June 2020

Celem artykułu jest zaproponowanie wykorzystania podejścia systemowego – jako zasadnego dla tworzenia oferty edukacyjnej. Niesatysfakcjonująca relacja rodzice – nauczyciele/nauczycielki w polskiej szkole jest częstą rzeczywistością. Zmiany polityczne, społeczno-kulturowe czy też wynikające z cyfryzacji i globalizacji przyczyniły się również do zmian w relacjach rodzice – nauczyciele. Zgodnie z najnowszymi badaniami są one niezadowalające, rzadkie, przynoszące rozczarowanie i frustrację z obu stron. Dla dyrektorów placówek oświatowych – nie są ważnym elementem polityki szkoły. Dlatego też warto zacząć zmiany – być może najpierw na poziomie lokalnym. Jeśli staną się przykładem dobrych praktyk, opartych o dobrą teorię – być może w jakimś stopniu, przyczynią się do zmian na poziomie ogólnokrajowym.
Globalization as a challenge for professional education
Authors: Mydłowska Beata
Published: June 2020

Niniejszy artykuł dotyczy edukacji zawodowej jako elementu globalizacji we współczesnym świecie. Celem artykułu jest ustalenie podstawowej problematyki w zakresie miejsca edukacji zawodowej w czasach globalizacji. W artykule skoncentrowano się na takich kwestiach, jak specyfika edukacji zawodowej w Polsce i na świecie, znaczenie edukacji zawodowej dla współczesnego świata, pojęcie i cechy globalizacji, jak również determinanty/ uwarunkowania globalizacji we współczesnym świecie i edukacja zawodowa jako efekt globalizującego się świata. Człowiek, z obywatela danego państwa, stał się obywatelem świata. Fakt ten niesie ze sobą zarówno dużo zalet, jak i zagrożeń, w tym w sferze edukacji zawodowej, dla której wszechobecne przemiany przyniosły wiele nowych wyzwań. Dotyczy to zwłaszcza przystosowania programów nauczania do potrzeb społeczeństw funkcjonujących w nowych warunkach gospodarczych, społecznych i kulturowych, w tym podjęcia działań zmniejszających dysproporcję między opanowywaną przez uczniów wiedzą a umiejętnościami czy rozszerzenia kształcenia specjalistycznego. Szkolnictwo zawodowe musi zmierzyć się z koniecznością zmiany priorytetów, aby zgodnie z trendami globalizacyjnymi kształcić mobilnych pracowników gospodarki rynkowej, aktywnych i zdolnych do ciągłego samokształcenia.
Una reflexión "desde dentro" sobre el comentario de textos en historia de la educación
Authors: Barreiro Rodríguez Herminio
Published: June 2020

Texto de Herminio Barreiro sobre el comentario de textos en historia de la educación, publicado en 1997.
Educación e construción nacional en Rousseau. Arredor do Emilio e das Consideracións sobre o goberno de Polonia
Authors: Barreiro Rodríguez Herminio
Published: June 2020

Reflexións de Herminio Barreiro sobre o Emilio de Rousseau e as Consideracións sobre o goberno de Polonia, publicadas n'A Trave de Ouro, núm. 25 (1996).
Student-Athlete Development and Winning Success
Authors: Stokowski Sarah , Paule-Koba Amanda , Rudd Andrew , Auerbach Alex
Published: June 2020

The success of an athletic program is often defined by wins and losses. According to the sporting success framework (De Bosscher et al., 2006) as well as the athlete development literacy (ADL) model (Livengood et al., 2015), athlete development contributes to athletic achievement. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between athlete development personnel resources and winning success at NCAA Division I institutions. A total of 150 universities were included in this study. Utilizing the ADL model (Livengood et al. 2015) of personal and player development literacies, athletic department personnel selected for this study included: academic advisors, athletic trainers, doctors, learning specialists, nutritionists, mental health professionals, physical therapists, sport psychologists, as well as strength and conditioning coaches. Winning success was measured using the final 2017-18 Learfield IMG Directors’ Cup standings (Directors’ Cup, 2019). The results suggest that athletic trainers, learning specialists, and sport psychologists significantly contribute to winning success. As such, athletic departments should appropriately invest in athlete development specialists.
Bayesian Estimation and Prediction Based on Progressively First Failure Censored Scheme from a Mixture of Weibull and Lomax Distributions
Authors: Mahmoud Mohamed M. , Nassar Manal Mohamed , Aefa Marwa Ahmed
Published: June 2020

This paper develops Bayesian estimation and prediction, for a mixture of Weibull and Lomax distributions, in the context of the new life test plan called progressive first failure censored samples. Maximum likelihood  estimation and Bayes estimation, under informative and non-informative priors, are obtained using Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods, based on the symmetric square error Loss function and the asymmetric linear exponential (LINEX) and general entropy loss functions. The maximum likelihood estimates and the different Bayes estimates are compared via a Monte Carlo simulation study. Finally, Bayesian prediction intervals for future observations are obtained using a numerical example
Two-Echelon Supply Chain Model with Demand Dependent On Price, Promotional Effort and Service Level in Crisp and Fuzzy Environments
Authors: Islam Sahidul , Deb Sayan Chandra
Published: June 2020

This article explores a supply chain model consisting of a single manufacturer and two competing retailers. The manufacturer, as a Stackelberg leader specifies a wholesale price and bears servicing costs of the products. Then, both the retailers advertise the products and sell them to the customers. So, the demand of the products is influenced by selling price, service level and also promotional effort. On the basis of this gaming structure, two mathematical models have been formed - crisp model, where each member of the chain exactly knows all the cost parameters and fuzzy model where those cost parameters are considered as fuzzy numbers. Optimal strategies for the manufacturer and the retailers are determined and some numerical examples have been given. Finally, how perturbations of parameters affect the profits of the chain members have been determined.
The Poisson Topp Leone Generator of Distributions for Lifetime Data: Theory, Characterizations and Applications
Authors: Merovci Faton , Yousof Haitham , Hamedani G. G
Published: June 2020

We study a new family of distributions defined by the minimum of the Poisson random number of independent identically distributed random variables having a Topp Leone-G distribution (see Rezaei et al., (2016)). Some mathematicalproperties of the new family including ordinary and incomplete moments, quantile and generating functions, mean deviations, order statistics, reliability and entropies are derived. Maximum likelihood estimation of the model parameters is investigated. Some special models of the newfamily are discussed. An application is carried out on  real data set applications sets to show the potentiality of the proposed family.
Evaluation of glycerol tert-butyl ethers as renewable fuel additive
Authors: ÇAKMAK Abdülvahap , ÖZCAN Hakan
Published: June 2020

The aim of this research is the investigation of using glycerol tert-butyl ethers as a bio-renewable fuel additive to diesel-biodiesel blend in a diesel engine. In this context, an experimental study was carried out to synthesize glycerol tert-butyl ethers and investigate the effect of glycerol ethers on diesel engine performance and emissions. Glycerol tert-butyl ethers were synthesized by the etherification reaction of glycerol with tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) in a high-pressure stainless steel batch reactor using Amberlyst-15 as solid acidic catalyst. Produced glycerol ethers were mixed by 2 vol.% with a biodiesel-diesel blend to investigate the glycerol ethers usage as a fuel additive in a diesel engine. Three test fuels were considered for the experiments: (i) diesel fuel, (ii) B20 (80 vol.% diesel + 20 vol.% corn oil biodiesel); (iii) BD+GTBEs (80 vol.% diesel + 18 vol.% corn oil biodiesel + 2 vol.% glycerol tert-butyl ethers). Some basic fuel properties of test fuels were determined prior to engine tests. Engine performance and emissions tests were performed on a single-cylinder research diesel engine at four brake power output. The results revealed that the addition of glycerol tert-butyl ethers in the fuel showed no significant effect on determined fuel properties and caused a decrease in engine performance and exhaust emissions except for CO emissions when compared to base diesel fuel. However, BD+GTBEs presented similar performance and emissions characteristics with B20, as a consequence, glycerol tert-butyl ethers have the possibility of being utilized as a bio-renewable fuel additive to diesel-biodiesel blends.
Microstructure and chemical analysis of NOx and particle emissions of diesel engines
Authors: GÜNEY Bekir , ÖZ Ali
Published: June 2020

This study was carried out to investigate the micro and chemical structure of particulate matter and nitrogen oxide from motor vehicle exhaust fumes. In this context, particulate matter microstructure was determined with the help of scanning electron microscope; elements such as C, O, N, F, Na, Mg, Br, Al, Si, Hg, S, Pb, Cl, Cd, K, Ca, Ba, Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Ni, V and Zn which constitute the source of pollution were determined by energy dispersive spectrometer; nitrogen oxide compounds were determined with X-ray diffraction spectrometer; and photonic properties were determined by means of photoluminescence spectrophotometer. The data obtained in this study provide important source information to understand the effects of exhaust fume on environmental pollution.
Comparison and evaluation of three different molecular methods for detection of human Betapapillomaviruses in skin biopsies from patients with nonmelanoma skin cancer and precancerous lesions
Authors: Kopeć Jolanta , Szostek Sława , Sułowicz Joanna , Zawilińska Barbara
Published: June 2020

Betapapillomaviruses have been linked to the development of nonmelanoma skin cancers. A great diversity of these viruses in skin specimens requires the use of sensitive and reliable detection methods. There are currently no standardized assays for diagnostic purposes. A combination of several molecular methods has great practical significance and gives the opportunity to broaden the spectrum of detected Beta-HPV types. In the present study, different molecular methods for Beta-HPVs detection and genotyping were used: PCRs with different sets of primers, PCR followed by reverse hybridization and direct sequencing of PCR amplimers; all performed in skin biopsies from lesions and perilesional healthy area of 118 patients with NMSC or precancerous lesions. Beta-HPVs were detected in 41% of 261 biopsies examined. The RHA for 25 types of Beta-HPVs showed a significantly higher sensitivity than PCR-based methods and allowed to detect 172 genotypes in 86 samples, including 39 with multiple infections. The most frequently identified types were HPV23, HPV24 and HPV93. HPV5 and HPV8, considered high-risk carcinogen types, were detected only in a small percentage of samples. Direct sequencing confirmed the presence of Beta-HPV genotypes from outside of RHA panel in the analysed biopsies. This allowed detecting thirty-two additional genotypes in 5 samples, that were positive only in RHA with the universal probe, which failed to identify the virus genotypes. Our findings confirmed the need to apply different methods to detect Beta-HPV infections.
Association between Probiotic Yogurt Intake and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study
Authors: CHEN Xiaoqian , JIANG Xiumin , HUANG Xinxin , HE Honggu , ZHENG Jing
Published: June 2020

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus is one of the most frequent metabolic complications of pregnancy. Previous studies have reported that using either probiotic yogurt or a probiotic supplement reduces the incidence of gestational diabetes. However, the results were inconsistent. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association between gestational diabetes mellitus and probiotic yogurt intake during pregnancy and pre-pregnancy in Chinese women.
Methods: This was a case-control study involving 123 cases with gestational diabetes mellitus and 126 controls matched for age and pre-pregnancy body mass index. Each participant was interviewed face-to-face using a structured questionnaire to collect socio-demographic characteristics, diet and exercise habits, as well as probiotic yogurt consumption (containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium) during pregnancy and pre-pregnancy. An unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data.
Results: Mothers in both groups had similar socio-demographic backgrounds. Probiotic yogurt intake during pregnancy was significantly higher in normal pregnant women than that in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (adjusted odds ratio: 0.292, 95% confidence interval: 0.148 - 0.577, P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in probiotic yogurt consumption before pregnancy between cases and controls.
Conclusion: Probiotic yogurt intake before pregnancy was not associated with gestational diabetes mellitus, but probiotic yogurt consumption during pregnancy was effective in reducing the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in Chinese women. The findings from the present study may have implications for the future care of pregnant Chinese women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
TEACHER CANDIDATE’S GENERIC SCIENCE SKILLS ON ORGANIC CHEMISTRY REACTIONS THROUGH PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING MODEL
Authors: Evina Dibyantini Ratu , Dwi Suyanti Retno , Silaban Ramlan
Published: June 2020

Purpose of the study: This study was aimed at obtaining information about teacher candidates’ generic science skills on organic chemistry reaction, namely addition, substitution, and elimination.

Methodology: This study was one group pretest-postest design with the quasi-experimental method. The subject was done to teacher candidate students which consist of the experimental group taught by using the problem-based learning model (PBL) and control group taught by using the direct instruction model. The data were obtained through generic science skills tests in the form of multiple choices test and calculated by using SPSS version 20 as well as the practicum observation results.

Main Findings: The result showed that generic science skills of an experimental class taught on addition and substitution material were at the high level and for elimination, the material was at the medium level, meanwhile for control class on addition and substitution material were at medium level and for elimination, the material was at a low level. The results of the logical inference practicum were at the high category. The practicum result of direct observation was at a high level.

Applications of this study: The findings of this study are expected to give contribution to the organic chemistry learning model in order to develop students' generic science skills to improve the quality of the chemistry education students.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study is recommended to improve students' generic science skills on addition, substitution, and elimination materials by using the PBL model in the classroom or laboratory in the future.
An Analysis of Stiffness Matrices of Tube Elements to Assess the Correctness of Modeling Curved Elements of Pipeline Systems
Authors: Shelofast V.V. , Shelofast V.V.
Published: June 2020

Large-scale work to create a Russian engineering analysis system involves the implementation of a considerable number of specialized tasks, each of which requires an individual approach and specific solutions. The calculation of pipeline systems that can most easily be performed in the version using rods is no exception. Such an approach is the most effective in terms of increasing the speed of calculations, increasing the dimension of the tasks performed, and most importantly, in simplifying the modeling procedure. In this paper, the authors consider the option of determining the stiffness matrices of a spatial element for modeling of pipes, which underlie the full engineering analysis of pipeline systems. Verification examples that confirm the reliability and correctness of the obtained solutions are presented.
A Calculation Procedure for Strength Analysis of Wave Guides for Ensuring Improved Mass-Dimensional Parameters
Authors: Kudryavtsev I.V. , Mikhnev M.M. , Silchenko P.N.
Published: June 2020

This paper presents a calculation procedure for designing waveguides with iproved mass-dimensional parameters, which ensures the required strength and stiffness characteristics under static, dynamic and deformational loads. The procedure is based on the analysis of methods for determining the stress-strain state of the waveguide-and-distribution systems of spacecraft. The first stage of the procedure involves modelling the waveguide-and-distribution systems in a general formulation by a rod structure with equivalent loading and fixing conditions and determining the stress-strain state of such a system. At the second stage, local areas with the maximum stress-strain state values are selected for a further refined analysis in the rod system. An evaluation of the influence of the waveguide wall thickness on the general stress-strain state is performed. It is shown that when the waveguide wall thickness varies in the range of 0.25 – 2.50 mm, the strength and stiffness of its sections under static loads basically follow the linear law. It is established that under dynamic loading the wall thickness has almost no effect on the resultant stress-strain state of the waveguide arising under the influence of forced fluctuations and quasi-static loading owing to its dependence on the ratios of mass, moments of inertia and resistance, which for some standard sizes of the waveguides will be almost constant. The equations obtained for the rod system cannot be used for evaluating the influence of the wall thickness on local stress-strain state in the form of wall deflection, local loss of stability, etc. In view of this, at the second stage of modelling local areas of interest are selected and transformed into 3D thin-walled structures, with translation into finite element method programs for a more exact analysis. In the future, the proposed technique can be used to solve connected problems of interrelation and the influence of cross-sectional deformations in local zones of the waveguide on the changes in electromagnetic fields with the formation of parasite waves. This will significantly improve the quality of radio engineering characteristics of the waveguide and distribution systems while ensuring their strength, stiffness and minimal mass-dimensional parameters.
Psikiyatride Malpraktis
Authors: BULUT Melisa , MERCAN Neşe , YÜKSEL Çiğdem
Published: June 2020

Tıbbi malpraktis ihmal, bilgi ve beceri eksikliği, dikkatsizlik nedenleriyle standart tedavi ve bakımın yapılmaması sonucunda ortaya çıkan tıbbi uygulama hataları olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Psikiyatri alanı, malpraktis açısından düşük riskli bir alan olarak görülmesine rağmen, tüm tıbbi malpraktis davalarının %3’ünü oluşturmaktadır. Bu derlemenin amacı literatürde psikiyatri alanındaki malpraktis vakalarının ele alındığı çalışmalar incelenerek psikiyatri alanındaki malpraktis davaları içeriğinin ve psikiyatride malpraktis için alınacak önlemlerin belirlenmesidir. İnceleme sonucunda psikiyatri alanındaki malpraktis davalarının içeriğini; intihar vakalarının, zorla yatışların, tanı koyamamanın, yanlış psikofarmakoloji uygulamalarının, yetersiz tedavi ve mesleki sınır ihlalleri konularının oluşturduğu görülmüştür. Bu davalarda ilk sırada intihar vakalarının olduğu saptanmıştır. Çalışmaların çoğunda psikiyatride malpraktis için alınacak önlemlere odaklanılmıştır. Bu önlemlerin hastane ortamlarında psikiyatri profesyonelleri, hasta, hasta yakınları ve yönetim ile ilgili olduğu ve işbirliği içinde ele alınması gerektiği görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, malpraktisi önlemede hasta ve psikiyatri profesyonellerinin haklarının korunması, istemsiz ya da zorunlu tedavi ve yatışlardaki uygulamaların net olarak belirlenmesi, hasta ve sağlık çalışanlarının savunucularına kolay ulaşabilmeleri, denetim kurulunun oluşturulmasının gerektiği ve bu konuda ruh sağlığı yasasının yol gösterici olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Pengalihan peran sementara pengasuhan anak dari orang tua ke nenek dan kakek
Authors: Zakaria M Rizky Alif
Published: June 2020

Pola asuh adalah sekelompok sikap orang tua yang berkomunikasi dengan anak-anak mereka yang menciptakan suasana emosional di mana perilaku pengasuhan diungkapkan. Peran aktif orang tua adalah upaya langsung terhadap anak-anak dan peran penting lainnya dalam menciptakan lingkungan sosial pertama oleh anak-anak bukan untuk nenek dan kakek. Studi ini berfokus pada mentransfer peran sementara pengasuhan anak dari orang tua ke nenek dan kakek dan bagaimana kakek nenek merawat anak di antara ibu yang bekerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori aksi sosial dari teori pengasuhan Max Weber dan Baumrind. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif, informan dalam penelitian ini adalah sembilan belas anggota keluarga dengan latar belakang keluarga yang berbeda. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan dalam keluarga yang mentransfer peran pengasuhan kepada nenek dan kakek di kota Surabaya. Teknik penentuan informan menggunakan teknik bola salju. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dengan wawancara mendalam dan berpartisipasi langsung di lapangan. Hasil yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini adalah sembilan belas informan berdasarkan bagaimana proses mentransfer peran pengasuhan anak dari orang tua ke kakek-nenek. Melihat faktor pengasuhan yang bergeser, orang tua yang sibuk bekerja, pengasuhan anak oleh kakek-nenek hingga cucu mereka kurang asertif dan selalu menaati keinginan cucunya, kematian orang tua, ditemukannya orang tua dan munculnya trauma bagi perawatan orang lain yang bukan dari keluarga besar.
Perilaku menyimpang masyarakat penjudi merpati di Surabaya
Authors: Septanto Agung
Published: June 2020

Judi merpati adalah judi dengan sarana burung yang dilombakan untuk mengadu kecepatan terbang merpati hingga sampai di garis finish yang telah dipersiapkan dan ditentukan oleh panitia “adu doro” (adu merpati). Di Surabaya kegiatan “adu doro” masih sering terlihat eksistensinya. Walaupun Surabaya termasuk kota besar, akan tetapi kegiatan “adu merpati” hanya dilakukan pada waktu tertentu yaitu hari Minggu atau hari libur. Burung merpati sebelum mengikuti lomba harus dilatih terlebih dahulu, latihannya dilakukan setiap sore hari agar “merpati” nya bisa lebih peka daya jelajahnya. Studi ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Teori yang digunakan untuk menganalisis perjudian merpati yaitu teori asosiasi diferensial Edwin H Shuterland. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kelurahan Banyu Urip Surabaya. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data yaitu menggunakan wawancara mendalam (Indepth interview) dengan informan penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa perilaku menyimpang masyarakat penjudi merpati di Banyu Urip Surabaya, menjelaskan di satu sisi adanya judi merpati dianggap sebagai suatu hal yang biasa, karena masyarakat melihat judi merpati sebagai sebuah hiburan. Namun di sisi lain masyarakat menganggap judi merpati sebagai suatu permasalahan sendiri, karena mengganggu ketertiban dan kenyamanan di daerah sekitar adu merpati dilakukan.
Analisis kinerja pelayanan publik pengurusan Surat Ijin Mengemudi berbasis teknologi informasi
Authors: Arpan Arpan
Published: June 2020

Penilaian kinerja penerbitan SIM sistem online dengan prinsip layanan prima di Satpas Polresta Sidoarjo dilakukan berdasarkan 9 indikator sebagaimana pendapat Bob Livingston. Hasil dari indikator ini: “Melebihi harapan”, yang mana dalam kriteria ini terdapat beberapa orang yang kurang puas terhadap aplikasi e-SIM Sidoarjo yang dianggap sering bermasalah, mengalami penutupan paksa, maupun kurangnya menu dalam aplikasi sehingga harapan yang tinggi oleh masyarakat belum mencapai potensi yang sepenuhnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam hal “menangani pengaduan” saat ini pengaduan tidak dapat dilakukan secara online melalui aplikasi e-SIM Sidoarjo. Meskipun begitu, menurut penulis pengaduan online penting untuk diintegrasikan dalam aplikasi untuk memaksimalkan layanan kepada masyarakat. Pelayanan e-SIM Sidoarjo menurut indikator Livingston yaitu: “melebihi harapan”. Standarisasi pelayanan yang diberikan oleh petugas Polresta Sidoarjo, sikap perhatian dan pelayanan yang bermutu tinggi menimbulkan kepuasan masyarakat menjadi patokan penting dalam pelayanan yang melebihi harapan.
Revisiting Constraints of Fourth-Generation Quarks and Leptons
Authors: Verma Aayush
Published: June 2020

Standard Model is well-performing under the three-generation, but in the wake of more physics, fourth-generation leptons and quarks are introduced. In this paper, I created a model surrounding quarks and leptons and tried to show the importance of quarks to understand the baryogenesis. I talked about and set the lower limits of t’ and b’. And predicted an updated version of lower bounds and precise masses of quarks and leptons. In Sec. II. I mathematically predicted the Higgs boson anomaly in the new standard model due to neutrinos and leptons. And in final, I talked about the Unified Standard Model.
Comparative Docking Studies on Curcumin with COVID-19 Proteins
Authors: Suravajhala Renuka , Parashar Abhinav , Malik Babita , Nagaraj Viswanathan Arun , Padmanaban Govindarajan , Kavi Kishor PB , Polavarapu Rathnagiri , Suravajhala Prashanth
Published: June 2020

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is a positive strand RNA virus. The SARS-CoV-2 genome and its association to SAR-CoV-1 vary from ca. 66% to 96% depending on the type of betacoronavirdeae family members. With several drugs, viz. chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, ivermectin, artemisinin, remdesivir, azithromycin considered for clinical trials, there has been an inherent need to find distinctive antiviral mechanisms of these drugs. Curcumin, a natural bioactive molecule has been shown to have a therapeutic potential for various diseases, but its effect on COVID-19 has not been explored. In this study, we show the binding potential of curcumin targeted to a variety of SARS-CoV-2 proteins, viz. spike glycoproteins (PDB ID: 6VYB), nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (PDB ID: 6VYO), membrane glycoprotein (PDB ID: 6M17) along with nsp10 (PDB ID: 6W4H) and RNA dependent RNA polymerase (PDB ID: 6M71) structures. Our results indicate that curcumin has high binding affinity towards nucleocapsid and nsp 10 proteins with potential antiviral activity.
Thermal Characteristics of Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus) Fibers Obtained via Water- and Dew-Retting
Authors: Stawski Dawid , Çalişkan Ebru , Yilmaz Nazire , Krucińska Izabella
Published: June 2020

In this study, fibers were extracted from different parts of the okra plant (Abelmoschus esculentus) via water- and dew-retting methods. The fibers were subjected to physical and thermal analyses. The fibers obtained from the upper part of the okra plant show higher breaking strength and lower linear density. Fibers obtained via water-retting exhibited higher breaking strength, elongation at break rates, and lower linear density values. The paper also presents the results of thermogravimetric analysis of the okra fibers. Tests were carried out in oxygen and inert gas atmospheres. The temperature range of the main thermal decomposition stage was in the 275–400°C for range thermo-oxidation and 300–425°C for pyrolysis investigation. Slight differences were found in the thermal resistances of the tested fibers, which was confirmed by an analysis using the alpha s- alpha r methodology. The calculated activation energy values show a large-spread range.
Major Concerns on the Identification of Bat Coronavirus Strain RaTG13 and Quality of Related Nature Paper
Authors: lin xiaoxu , Chen Shizhong
Published: June 2020

A recent manuscript (Zhou, P. et al. “A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin”, Nature 579, 270–273 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7) from Wuhan Institute of Virology claimed the identification of a bat coronavirus, RaTG13, which showed 96.2% genome homology with SARS-CoV-2. In this paper, we raise the puzzling observations surrounding the identification, characterization, unique genome features of this RaTG13 strain, as well as its 100% nucleotide identity in partial RdRp gene with another bat coronavirus strain BtCoV/4991. And the paper presented premature hypothesis of potential bat origin of SARS-CoV-2 while RaTG13 strain was not successfully isolated. We also present the concerns on the methodology, data quality and experiment procedures described in this paper. We call for the authors to provide additional data, to share related samples to be verified and further characterized by other scientists.
Inverse Method to Determine Fatigue Properties of Materials by Combining Cyclic Indentation and Numerical Simulation
Authors: Sajjad Hafiz Muhammad , ul Hassan Hamad , Kuntz Matthias , Schäfer Benjamin Josef , Sonnweber-Ribic Petra , Hartmaier Alexander
Published: June 2020

The application of instrumented indentation to assess material properties like Young’s modulus and micro-hardness has become a standard method. In recent developments, indentation experiments and simulations have been combined to inverse methods, from which further material parameters as yield strength, work hardening rate, and tensile strength can be determined. In this work, an inverse method is introduced by which material parameters for cyclic plasticity, i.e. kinematic hardening parameters, can be determined. To accomplish this, cyclic Vickers indentation experiments are combined with finite element simulations of the indentation with unknown material properties, which are then determined by inverse analysis. To validate the proposed method, these parameters are subsequently applied to predict the uniaxial stress-strain response of a material with success. The method has been validated successfully for a quenched and tempered martensitic steel and for technically pure copper, where an excellent agreement between measured and predicted cyclic stress-strain-curves has been achieved. Hence, the proposed inverse method based on cyclic nanoindentation, as a quasi-non-destructive method, could complement or even substitute the resource-intensive conventional fatigue testing in the future for some applications.
Analysis of the Effects of Curcuma Longa Supplementation and Physical Exercise in Patients With Diabetes: Systematic Review
Authors: Sena Júnior Ailton Santos , Aidar Felipe José , Oliveira e Silva Ana Mara de , Lima Fábio Bessa , dos Santos Jymmys Lopes , Marçal Anderson Carlos
Published: June 2020

Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in the world and one of its main features is chronic hyperglycemia. Among the therapeutic forms used to control the pathology are pharmacotherapy and the use of other alternatives such as regular exercise, which participates in glycemic control and the ingestion of plant extracts with antioxidant effects in the body. Among the different plants used, curcumin is a possible plant to be used to attenuate the hyperglycemic picture triggered by Diabetes Mellitus. Some studies suggest that this plant is antioxidant and hypoglycemic. The review aimed to know the antioxidant and hypoglycemic potential of curcumin supplementation in DM. The search was performed considering articles published between 2010 to 2019, in English and Portuguese, and a theoretical survey of relevant information was conducted in the main databases of scientific publications: Virtual Health Library and its indexed databases as Pubmed, LILACS, Scielo and Scientific Electronic Library Online. The associated use Turmeric and Physical Exercise demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic activity caused by Diabetes Mellitus. We may suggest that these are potential therapeutic ways to improve the quality and survival of diabetic patients.
COVID-19 Real-Time Tracker and Analytical Report
Authors: Long Jiawei
Published: June 2020

While the COVID-19 outbreak was reported to first originate from Wuhan, China, it has been declared as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on 30 January 2020 by WHO, and it has spread to over 180 countries by the time of this paper was being composed. As the disease spreads around the globe, it has evolved into a worldwide pandemic, endangering the state of global public health and becoming a serious threat to the global community. To combat and prevent the spread of the disease, all individuals should be well-informed of the rapidly changing state of COVID-19. In the endeavor of accomplishing this objective, a COVID-19 real-time analytical tracker has been built to provide the latest status of the disease and relevant analytical insights. The real-time tracker is designed to cater to the general audience without advanced statistical aptitude. It aims to communicate insights through various straightforward and concise data visualizations that are supported by sound statistical foundations and reliable data sources. This paper aims to discuss the major methodologies which are utilized to generate the insights displayed on the real-time tracker, which include real-time data retrieval, normalization techniques, ARIMA time-series forecasting, and logistic regression models. In addition to introducing the details and motivations of the utilized methodologies, the paper additionally features some key discoveries that have been derived in regard to COVID-19 using the methodologies.
On a Coupled Time-Dependent Sir Models Fitting with New York and New-Jersey States COVID-19 Data
Authors: Ambrosio Benjamin , Aziz-Alaoui M.A.
Published: June 2020

This article describes a simple Susceptible Infected Recovered (SIR) model fitting with COVID-19 data for the month of march 2020 in New York (NY) state. The model is a classical SIR, but is non-autonomous; the rate of susceptible people becoming infected is adjusted over time in order to fit the available data. The death rate is also secondarily adjusted. Our fitting is made under the assumption that due to limiting number of tests, a large part of the infected population has not been tested positive. In the last part, we extend the model to take into account the daily fluxes between New Jersey (NJ) and NY states and fit the data for both states. Our simple model fits the available data, and illustrates typical dynamics of the disease: exponential increase, apex and decrease. The model highlights a decrease in the transmission rate over the period which gives a quantitative illustration about how lockdown policies reduce the spread of the pandemic. The coupled model with NY and NJ states shows a wave in NJ following the NY wave, illustrating the mechanism of spread from one attractive hot spot to its neighbor.