bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Predictive Utility of Reward-Based Motives Underlying Excessive and Problematic Social Networking Site Use
Authors: Wadsley Michael , Covey Judith , Ihssen Niklas
Published: June 2021

Compulsive seeking of reward is a hallmark feature of drug addiction, but the role of reward is less well understood in behavioural addictions. The present study investigated the predictive utility of ten reward-based motives, which we identified in the literature, in explaining excessive and problematic use of social networking sites (SNSs). These motives were examined in a cross-sectional survey of 411 young adults, revealing that prolonged use and excessive checking were predicted by distinctly different motives. More frequent checking of SNSs was most closely associated with motives related to obtaining social rewards (impression management/social comparisons/fear of missing out) and the desire to find/consume enjoyable content. In contrast, the amount of time an individual spends on SNSs was predicted by the desire to engage in negative social interactions or to fulfil personal needs (self-expression/documentation of life events). Problematic SNS use was best explained by the motivation to obtain social rewards and to a lesser extent by enjoyment and negative social potency (e.g., trolling) motives. Our results highlight the importance of social reward in explaining excessive and problematic SNS use, suggesting that a focus on reducing the desire to obtain social reward (e.g., through likes, social comparisons, continual connection) may be most beneficial in tackling problematic SNS behaviours.
Squamous-cell carcinoma due to mesh infection after umbilical hernia operation: third case of the literature
Authors: Duymus Mehmet Esat , Ipci Ozlem
Published: June 2021

Introduction

Polypropylene (PP) meshes are safe synthetic products used for hernia repairs and associated with minimal complication. Chronic inflammation is thought to play a pathophysiological role in the development of cancer. Case presentation: We present a 67-year-old female case of squamous cell-cancer (SCC) that developed due to mesh after umbilical hernia operation. The mass in the anterior abdominal wall was totally resected. Pathology was reported as T2N0, moderately differentiated acantholytic type SCC. No recurrence or complication was detected in the fourth-month follow-up.

Conclusion

Cancer development after mesh is very rare and our case is the third case in the literature. Cancer development should be kept in mind in patients presenting with ulcerated masses if do not regress with infection treatment after mesh application.
The contingency of neighbourhood diversity: Variation of social context using mobile phone application data
Authors: Xu Wenfei
Published: June 2021

This research uses high-density anonymised mobile phone application (MPA) global-positioning system (GPS) data to describe exposure to racial diversity in different social contexts with an aim to clarify the mechanism linking residential diversity to opportunities for diverse social interactions. In particular, it explores the hypothesis that a diverse residential context does not lead to diverse social contact by comparing three exposure measures – residential, observed and interaction – on the census block group level in Chicago. In doing so, it also explores the contribution of activity spaces to opportunities for diverse social contact. The findings show that the exposure to opportunities for diverse social contact measured by MPA data is generally higher than what is implied by residential census data, especially in areas of high residential segregation in the city. Further, measures using MPA data reveal more spatiotemporal heterogeneity of exposure than that implied by the residential context.
COVID-19 Transmission due to Mass Mobility Before and After the Largest Festival in Bangladesh: An Epidemiologic Study
Authors: Rahman Farah Naz , Rahman A. K. M. Fazlur , Iwuagwu Anthony Obinna , Dalal Koustuv
Published: June 2021

Festivals traditionally result in mass public mobility from large cities to rural or semi-urban areas in low- and middle-Income Countries (LMIC), which are inadequately prepared for tackling the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to explore the trend of COVID-19 infection in a peripheral region of Bangladesh during one of the largest festivals to develop an evidence-based hypothesis for its influence on the transmission rate of COVID-19. This study conducted a quantitative analysis of secondary data on COVID-19 collected from the Directorate General of Health Services Bangladesh (DGHS) and divisional director’s office in the Mymensingh division. To explore the influence of one of the biggest festivals (Eid-ul-Adha) on the trend of COVID-19 infection, we analyzed data from a week before the festival to 2 weeks following the festival. The infection rate (positive cases per million of the population) and the test positivity rate (positive cases among the total number of conducted diagnostic tests) of each day during this period were calculated both for the Mymensingh region and national level. Both the test positivity rate (TPR) and infection rates in the Mymensingh region demonstrated an increasing trend. The mean test positivity rate of the Mymensingh region on the week before the festival was 9.5%. It increased to a mean test positivity rate of 13% in the following week and further rose to a rate of 17% in the next week. The infection rate of Mymensingh also increased more than 2 folds from the day of the festival (2.0-5.3 cases per million) within the next 2 weeks. The TPR and infection rate on the national level remained similar throughout the study period. Mass mobility during Eid-ul-Adha influences the increased transmission of COVID-19 among the peripheral regions of Bangladesh from the central capital city Dhaka. The findings will help policymakers plan and implement travel restrictions during festivals during the pandemic in LMICs.
Book review: John Dayal and Sunny Jacob, Educating India: A Response to the Modi Government ’s Education Policy
Authors: Sharma Aparajita
Published: June 2021

John Dayal and Sunny Jacob, Educating India: A Response to the Modi Government ’s Education Policy. 2020, ISBN 978-93-88989-32-9. Delhi: Media House, 313 pp., ₹500 (Paperback).
Book review: Sanjeev Jain and Alok Sarin, The Psychological Impact of the Partition of India
Authors: Mehdi Zehra
Published: June 2021

Sanjeev Jain and Alok Sarin, The Psychological Impact of the Partition of India. New Delhi: SAGE Publications, 2018, 239 pp., ₹850, ISBN 978-93-528-0650-8.
Consensus Government and Collaboration: The COVID-19 Pandemic in Canada’s North and the Role Partnership Played in Protecting the Health and Well-being of Residents
Authors: Cochrane Caroline
Published: June 2021

Despite the varying challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Northwest Territories, a northern Canadian jurisdiction with unique and challenging circumstances from governance style to geography to limited health care capacity, has been one of the leading jurisdictions in Canada to contain the spread of COVID-19.
Emerson’s abolitionist perfectionism
Authors: Ritter Eric
Published: June 2021

This article aims to rewrite Emerson’s moral perfectionism – his anti-foundationalist pursuit of an always more perfect state of self and society – onto his moral and intellectual participation in the abolitionist movement. I argue that Cavell artificially separated Emerson’s moral perfectionism from his extensive, decades-long abolitionism. The source of Cavell’s oversight is his participation in the long-standing norm of dichotomizing Emerson’s work into the theoretical ‘essays’ and the ‘anti-slavery writings’ or the philosophical and the polemical. Recent scholars of Emerson have questioned and even dismissed this dichotomy, however, while recentring Emerson’s politics in his oeuvre as a whole. They find much to praise, and also plenty to criticize, in Emerson’s abolitionist writings. I follow and extend that scholarly trend here and introduce what I call Emerson’s abolitionist perfectionism as an expansion of Cavell’s influential work on moral perfectionism.
Other-serving double standards: People show moral hypercrisy in close relationships
Authors: Weiss Alexa , Burgmer Pascal
Published: June 2021

Extending research on self-serving double moral standards (hypocrisy), we examine the reverse pattern of other-serving hypercrisy toward close relationship partners. In three studies ( N = 1,019), for various imagined transgressions, people made more lenient moral judgments for their close friends (Studies 1 & 2) and romantic partners (Study 3) compared to themselves. This hypercrisy effect emerged both for transgressions toward third parties (Study 1) and toward each other (i.e., within the relationship; Studies 2 & 3). Moreover, it was moderated by perceptions of the relationship: Participants who more strongly believed their relationship to be a zero-sum game (i.e., needs can only be met competitively) showed greater leniency for themselves and attenuated hypercrisy for mutual transgressions (Studies 2 & 3). Investigating people’s close others rather than strangers as targets of moral judgment thus suggests that other-serving hypercrisy is more prevalent than previously thought, but sensitive to people’s conceptualizations of their relationships.
The power to gaslight
Authors: Graves Clint G. , Samp Jennifer A.
Published: June 2021

Gaslighting is a dysfunctional pattern of relating that destabilizes an individual’s sense of reality. Adopting a communication perspective, this study examined the relationship between gaslighting and interpersonal power dynamics. Participants ( N = 298) recalled a disagreement with a dating partner and provided measures of dependence power and their experience of gaslighting. Results were counter-theoretical, suggesting a curvilinear relationship between gaslighting and power. Specifically, individuals with low and high levels of power reported greater gaslighting than those with moderate power. Results suggest that tacit control attempts differ from overt control attempts in how they (re)produce relational hierarchy. The study underscores the importance of understanding relationship contexts in studying dysfunctional interpersonal dynamics.
Examining transfer in the acquisition of the count/mass distinction in L2 English
Authors: Tang Wenting , Fiorentino Robert , Gabriele Alison
Published: June 2021

We investigate whether second language (L2) learners of English rely on first language (L1) transfer and atomicity in the acquisition of the count/mass distinction by examining L1-French and L1-Chinese learners of English. Atomicity encodes whether a noun contains ‘atoms’ or minimal elements that retain the property of the noun. As a semantic universal, atomicity holds across languages. However, the count/mass status of nouns may differ cross-linguistically. Our results, which show difficulty on atomic mass nouns in both learner groups, support an argument that atomicity is used as a semantic universal in the L2. Our results also suggest that both count/mass status in the L1 and word frequency in the L2 impact performance, suggesting roles for both L1 lexical transfer and lexical frequency. In addition, learners had better performance on abstract as opposed to concrete atomic mass nouns, providing evidence consistent with a theory of the accessibility of atoms.
Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis during bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate: a report of two cases
Authors: You Ann Hee , Lee Ji Yoo , Choi Jeong-Hyun , Kim Mi Kyeong
Published: June 2021

Compared with monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), which requires electrolyte-free irrigation fluid, normal saline can be used as the irrigation solution in bipolar and laser TURP. The risk of TURP syndrome and severe electrolyte disturbance is minimized when normal saline is used as the irrigation fluid. However, the use of isotonic saline also causes acid-base imbalance and electrolyte disturbance. We experienced two patients who developed hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis during bipolar TURP. After proper intervention, hemodynamic instability resolved, and laboratory test results normalized. Anesthesiologists must pay attention to acid-base and electrolyte status when rapid absorption of excessive isotonic solution is suspected, even during bipolar and laser TURP, which use normal saline as the irrigation fluid.
Cyclin-dependent kinase 15 upregulation is correlated with poor prognosis for patients with breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Xiquan , Wang Qin , Luo Yijun , Song Meijiao , Zhou Zhiyong , Zeng Lin , Hu Meng , Yang Chuyan
Published: June 2021

Objective

To investigate the clinical significance of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 15 in breast cancer.

Methods

This prospective observational study enrolled 154 patients with breast cancer. Tumor tissues and paired paracancerous normal tissues were collected. Additionally, 85 samples of benign breast lesions were obtained from patients with mammary gland hyperplasia. Patient characteristics were recorded, and CDK15, human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)2, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and Ki67 immunohistochemical expression were determined.

Results

The rate of strong CDK15 expression was 63.6% (98/154) in breast cancer tissues, which was remarkably higher than that in benign breast lesions (34.1%, 29/85). Similarly, the ratio of strong CDK15 expression was markedly higher in tumor tissues (63.6%, 98/15) than in paracancerous normal tissues (27.3%, 42/154). Pearson’s analysis showed that the CDK15 expression score was positively correlated with HER2 and Ki67. Patients with high CDK15 expression showed markedly higher ratios of TNM stage III to IV, lymph node metastasis, and increased tumor diameters but a significantly lower rate of ductal carcinoma in situ. The median survival time of these patients was significantly shorter. Kaplan–Meier curve analysis showed that low CDK15 expression predicted longer survival times.

Conclusion

Upregulated CDK15 predicted poor clinical outcomes in breast cancer.
Prevention and management of acute esophageal toxicity during concomitant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced lung cancer
Authors: Borghetti Paolo , Imbrescia Jessica , Volpi Giulia , Costantino Gianluca , Cossali Gianluca , Greco Diana , Pastorello Edoardo , La Mattina Salvatore , Bonù Marco Lorenzo , Tomasini Davide , Buglione Michela
Published: June 2021

Background:

Standard treatment for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) is concomitant chemoradiotherapy. The survival benefit of combined treatment is partially counterbalanced by an increased rate of acute esophageal toxicity. Several pharmaceutical products are available for prevention and management of esophagitis, including Faringel Plus.

Aim:

To assess the incidence and the grade, identify the correlations with clinical, dosimetric, and therapeutic variables, and analyse the role of Faringel Plus as a pharmaceutical preventive measure against acute esophageal toxicity.

Methods:

Patients with LA-NSCLC treated with concomitant radiochemotherapy were retrospectively reviewed. Acute esophagitis and dysphagia were graded according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0. Clinical, dosimetric, and therapeutic correlations were investigated using χ2 test.

Results:

Among the 23 analysed patients, 18 (78.3%) and 1 (4.3%) developed G2 and G3 esophagitis, respectively; G1–2 dysphagia were reported in 11 cases (47.8%). No statistically significant correlation between the variables considered and acute esophageal toxicity was identified. In the group of patients who received Faringel Plus as preventive treatment (10 subjects, 43.5%), dysphagia presentation time was significantly longer ( p = 0.038); esophagitis onset time was longer and symptoms duration was shorter. Faringel Plus allowed a reduction in the use of analgesic drugs.

Conclusions:

Acute mild esophageal toxicity was confirmed to be a common side effect in this setting. No clinical-dosimetric parameter has been demonstrated to be effective in predicting acute esophageal toxicity. The use of Faringel Plus appears effective as a therapeutic and prophylactic tool to manage acute esophageal toxicity.
The Glow Still Shows: Effects of Facial Masking on Perceptions of Duchenne Versus Social Smiles
Authors: Sheldon Kennon M. , Goffredi Ryan , Corcoran Mike
Published: June 2021

Facial expressions of emotion have important communicative functions. It is likely that mask-wearing during pandemics disrupts these functions, especially for expressions defined by activity in the lower half of the face. We tested this by asking participants to rate both Duchenne smiles (DSs; defined by the mouth and eyes) and non-Duchenne or “social” smiles (SSs; defined by the mouth alone), within masked and unmasked target faces. As hypothesized, masked SSs were rated much lower in “a pleasant social smile” and much higher in “a merely neutral expression,” compared with unmasked SSs. Essentially, masked SSs became nonsmiles. Masked DSs were still rated as very happy and pleasant, although significantly less so than unmasked DSs. Masked DSs and SSs were both rated as displaying more disgust than the unmasked versions.
Multi-occupation segregation through London's tube network
Authors: Shen Yao , Xu Yiyi , Huang Zhuoya
Published: June 2021

As an extension of public space, the public transport system in modern society is an arena for cross-group interactions. Uncovering social segregation in public transport space is an essential step in shaping a socially sustainable transport system. Based on 2011 origin–destination flow data for London, we simulate the working flows between each pair of connected tube stations for every occupation with minimised transfer times and travelling hours and calculate the multi-occupation segregation index for all tube stations and segments. This segregation index captures the density and diversity aspects of the working population. The results demonstrate that segregation levels vary significantly across stations, lines, and segments. Transfer stations and tube segments in the city centre do not necessarily have lower levels of segregation. Those stations or segments close to a terminus can also be socially inclusive, e.g., Heathrow. Victoria is the line with the lowest levels of segregation, and Green Park is the most socially inclusive station during commuting peaks. The proposed mapping approach demonstrates the spatial complexity in the social performance of the public transport system and provides a tool for implementing relevant policy with improved precision.
Explosive sound without external stimuli following electroencephalography kappa rhythm fluctuation: A case report
Authors: Sumi Yukiyoshi , Miyamoto Towa , Sudo Satoshi , Kadotani Hiroshi , Ozeki Yuji , Imai Makoto
Published: June 2021

Background

The pathology underlying exploding head syndrome, a parasomnia causing a loud sound/sense of explosion, is not well understood. Kappa rhythm is a type of electroencephalogram alpha band activity with maximum potential between contralateral temporal electrodes We report a case of preceding kappa activity before exploding head syndrome attacks.

Case report

A 57-year-old woman complained of explosive sounds for 2 months; a loud sound would transpire every day before sleep onset. She was diagnosed with exploding head syndrome. During polysomnography and the multiple sleep latency test, the exploding head syndrome attacks occurred six times. A kappa wave with activity disappearing a few seconds before most exploding head syndrome attacks was observed. The alpha band power in T3-T4 derivation gradually waxed followed by termination around the attacks.

Conclusion

This case demonstrated that the dynamics of kappa activity precede exploding head syndrome attacks. Finding ways to modulate electroencephalogram oscillation could elucidate their causality and lead to therapeutic intervention.
Migraine and the development of additional psychiatric and pain disorders in the transition from adolescence to adulthood
Authors: Gerstl Lucia , Tadych Natalie , Heinen Florian , Kainz Christine , Bonfert Michaela V , Hannibal Iris , Huss Kristina , Ruscheweyh Ruth , Straube Andreas , Obermeier Viola , von Kries Rüdiger , Landgraf Mirjam N
Published: June 2021

Introduction

The transition from childhood to adolescence and from adolescence to adulthood are vulnerable phases in life. In these phases, late or insufficient treatment of diseases may lead to chronification and favor development of additional disorders. In adolescents, migraine often has a highly negative impact on school performance and everyday life. The hypothesis of the present study was that adolescents with migraine have a higher risk for developing additional disorders such as psychiatric disorders or other pain syndromes in the course of the disease.

Materials and methods

In this study, we analyzed health insurance data of 56,597 German adolescents at the age of 15 years in the year 2006. By using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD 10), we determined a group with migraine diagnosis in the year 2006 and a control group without any headache diagnosis in 2006. We then compared both groups regarding the development of additional disorders (based on the ICD 10) during the following 10 years (2007 to 2016).

Results

Adolescents with migraine had a 2.1 fold higher risk than persons without migraine diagnosis to develop an additional affective or mood disorder, a 1.8 fold higher risk to obtain neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders, a 1.8 fold higher risk to subsequently suffer from behavioral syndromes, a 1.6 higher risk to get back pain and a 1.5 fold higher risk for irritable bowel syndrome during the next 10 years.

Conclusion

Adolescents with migraine are at risk for developing additional disorders later. Considering and addressing the patient’s risks and potential medical and psychosocial problems might improve the long-term outcome significantly.
Risk Exposures, Risk Perceptions, Negative Attitudes Toward General Vaccination, and COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Among College Students in south Carolina
Authors: Qiao Shan , Tam Cheuk Chi , Li Xiaoming
Published: June 2021

Purpose:

The current study investigated how risk exposures, risk perceptions of COVID-19, and negative attitudes toward general vaccination were related to COVID vaccine acceptance among college students.

Design:

Cross-sectional study.

Setting:

Data was collected by online survey using RedCap among college students in South Carolina between September 2020 and October 2020.

Sample:

1062 college students in South Carolina.

Measures:

risk exposures to COVID-19, perceived severity of COVID-19, perceived susceptibility of COVID-19, negative attitude toward general vaccination, vaccine acceptance of COVID-19.

Analysis:

Hierarchical linear regression was used to examine the association of these factors with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance controlling for key demographics.

Results:

Perceived severity of COVID-19 was positively associated with vaccine acceptance (ß = 0.19, p < 0.001). Higher level of risk exposures (ß = −0.08, p = 0.007) and negative attitude toward general vaccination (ß = −0.38, p < 0.001) were associated with low vaccine acceptance.

Conclusion:

We need tailored education messages for college students to emphasize the severity of COVID-19, address the concerns of side effects of general vaccines by dispelling the misconception, and target the most vulnerable subgroups who reported high level of risk exposures while showed low intention to take the vaccine.
Lactation Consultation by an International Board Certified Lactation Consultant Improves Breastfeeding Rates for Mothers With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Griffin Laurie Beth , Ding Jia Jennifer , Has Phinnara , Ayala Nina , Kole-White Martha B.
Published: June 2021

Background

In patients with gestational diabetes, breastfeeding decreases the lifetime risk of Type 2 diabetes by half. Lactation consultation has been shown to increase breastfeeding rates in the general population but has not been assessed in a gestational diabetes population.

Research Aims

To determine if (1) a postpartum International Board Certified Lactation Consultant (IBCLC) consultation during delivery hospitalization improved inclusive (any) or exclusive breastfeeding rates at hospital discharge and 3 months postpartum in participants with GDM; and if (2) obstetrical providers’ acknowledgement of maternal feeding preference affected the rates of IBCLC consultation for patients.

Methods

This was a retrospective, comparative, secondary analysis of a prospective cohort ( N = 517) study of women gestational diabetes. Participants who received a IBCLC consultation ( n = 386; 74.5%) were compared to those who did not ( n = 131; 25.5%). Baseline demographics, antepartum characteristics, neonatal information, mode of infant feeding at hospital discharge and 3 months postpartum, and IBCLC consultation during postpartum hospitalization were measured.

Results

After adjusting for baseline differences, participants who received an IBCLC consultation were more likely to report any breastfeeding at postpartum discharge (aOR 4.87; 95% CI [2.67, 8.86]) and at 3 months postpartum (aOR 5.39; 95% CI [2.61, 11.16]) compared to participants who did not. However, there was no difference in exclusive breastfeeding rates between those who did and did not receive IBCLC consultation.

Conclusion

Inpatient IBCLC consultation during the immediate postpartum period was associated with improved rates of any breastfeeding in participants with GDM.
Impact of Anticipatory Batching of Pharmacy Compounded Sterile Products on Time to Nurse Administration
Authors: Pathan Sophia , Sullinger Danine , Avino Laura J. , Culli Samuel E.
Published: June 2021

Background:

Timely medication administration is integral to patient care, and operational delays can challenge timely administration. Within an inpatient pharmacy of an academic medical center, intravenous medications were historically compounded on a patient-specific basis. In 2020, the pharmacy began batching frequently-utilized medications. This analysis explored the impact of compounded sterile batching on pharmacy and nursing services.

Methods:

This pre- and post-interventional study compared data from February through March 2020 with a seasonally matched period from 2019. The primary endpoint was difference in time to administration of urgent (STAT) medications. Secondary endpoints included timeframes for a pharmacy technician to prepare, a pharmacist to check, and a nurse to administer the medications, as well as reprinted labels and estimated waste.

Results:

On average, it took one hour and 43 minutes to administer a STAT medication in 2019 and one hour and 57 minutes in 2020 ( p = 0.122). It took about four hours to administer routine medications in 2019 and 2020 ( p = 0.488). The number of labels reprinted decreased from 616 in 2019 to 549 in 2020 ( p = 0.195), relating to decreased missing doses. The mean time to check and send a medication decreased from 2019 to 2020 for STAT orders ( p < 0.001), and there was no difference in wasted medications looking at all orders in this time.

Conclusion:

Anticipatory batching decreased time to prepare, check, and send medications, though there was no effect on waste or on time to administration. Future studies can examine the correlation between pharmacy operations and medication administration.
Energy conservation potential in highway illumination system: A Techno-Enviro-Economic study on retrofitting HPS with LED luminaires
Authors: Ahmed Tallal , Khalid Waqas , Aslam Adeela
Published: June 2021

Adequate and appropriate illumination across the highway isessential for safety. High-pressure sodium luminaires (HPS) are usually standard throughout Pakistan. However, with the advancements in illumination technologies and growing trend of energy efficiency, retrofitting of conventional HPS luminaires with light-emitting diode luminaires (LEDs) is becoming popular. Low energy consumption, high color rendering index (CRI), longer life span, and variety in correlated color temperature (CCT) make LED luminaires ideal for replacing inefficient HPS lights. The retrofitting of HPS with LED illumination system comes with a capital cost, and its feasibility depends on the energy conservation potential. This study presents a case of 4,014 HPS luminaires installed across an 85 km long highway in second highly populated city of Pakistan. A targeted energy audit of HPS illumination system was conducted and compared with the proposed LED system of equivalent illumination quality. The results indicate that by retrofitting the HPS luminaires, the energy consumption can be reduced by 60% and with 83.3% reduction in the apparent power. Furthermore, the proposed LED illumination system will significantly improve the power quality, light noise, energy losses, carbon footprint, and operational cost.
Ethnography in Motion, or Walking With WG Sebald
Authors: Minkkinen Panu
Published: June 2021

In fieldwork, the collection of qualitative empirical data is almost exclusively carried out on foot. When we study a ‘field’, it also suggests a terrain or an environment that we are meant to investigate. Yet the actual process of investigating something ‘on foot’, of walking, is seldom reflected on in any detail. The aim of this essay is to consider what this notion of investigating a field ‘on foot’ might mean for socio-legal scholarship. It focuses on the ways in which author WG Sebald’s walks in the Suffolk landscape, as portrayed in his novel The Rings of Saturn (1995), provide sensory stimuli for his meditations on themes such as the passing of time and identity. Sebald’s notion of walking is traced Claude Lévi-Strauss’ idea of bricolage as a form of ‘patchwork’ knowledge formation, but the hybridity of Sebald’s resulting ‘fieldnotes’ suggest a closer affiliation with Walter Benjamin’s notion of constellation.
M/S Shyam Automobiles: Service Operations in Guwahati, Assam
Authors: Mehdi Mokhalles Mohammad , Nafees Lubna , Sarma Bhaskar , Bhagvath Shriraam
Published: June 2021

M/S Shyam Automobiles (Shyam) was an automobile workshop engaged in the repair and maintenance of petrol and diesel engine vehicles. The workshop began service operations in Birkuchi (Guwahati), Assam, India, in 1987. It was founded by Tekraj Sarma to provide valued and quality service at a low cost to vehicle owners in the region. Sarma was responsible for the workshop’s overall activities, including customer query handling and satisfaction, managing supplier relationships, employee satisfaction, and profit management. As a small player, the workshop faced difficulties in procuring spare parts for their customers. In addition, Shyam did not have an extravagant set-up like most authorized car dealers; most of his staff was semi-skilled, and there was no use of technology in the workshop. However, Sarma wanted to develop a strategy to solve this issue of unavailability of spare parts in the workshop.
Development of an antigen-ELISA and a colloidal gold–based immunochromatographic strip based on monoclonal antibodies for detection of avian influenza A(H5) viruses
Authors: Xiao Yixin , Yang Fan , Liu Fumin , Cheng Linfang , Yao Hangping , Wu Nanping , Wu Haibo
Published: June 2021

Avian influenza A(H5) viruses (avian IAVs) pose a major threat to the economy and public health. We developed an antigen-ELISA (ag-ELISA) and a colloidal gold–based immunochromatographic strip for the rapid detection of avian A(H5) viruses. Both detection methods displayed no cross-reactivity with other viruses (e.g., other avian IAVs, infectious bursal disease virus, Newcastle disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, avian paramyxovirus). The ag-ELISA was sensitive down to 0.5 hemagglutinin (HA) units/100 µL of avian A(H5) viruses and 7.5 ng/mL of purified H5 HA proteins. The immunochromatographic strip was sensitive down to 1 HA unit/100 µL of avian A(H5) viruses. Both detection methods exhibited good reproducibility with CVs < 10%. For 200 random poultry samples, the sensitivity and specificity of the ag-ELISA were 92.6% and 98.8%, respectively, and for test strips were 88.9% and 98.3%, respectively. Both detection methods displayed high specificity, sensitivity, and stability, making them suitable for rapid detection and field investigation of avian A(H5) viruses.
Left displacement of the abomasum in a reticulated giraffe bull in managed care
Authors: Thompson Kimberly A. , Eustace Ronan , Mavangira Vengai , Turner Colleen , Monahan Colleen F.
Published: June 2021

A 10-y-old giraffe ( Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata) bull developed colic after a 3-mo history of reduced feed consumption. Physical examination and management were performed with 2 standing sedations. The giraffe developed metabolic alkalosis and progressive pre-renal azotemia followed by compensatory respiratory acidosis and paradoxical aciduria. A metallic “ping” sound was auscultated on the left side near ribs 10–12. The giraffe was euthanized given the grave prognosis, and postmortem examination confirmed left displacement of the abomasum (LDA) with fluid sequestration (150–190 L [40–50 gal]) within the rumen. Dental disease was evident at postmortem examination and perimortem skull computed tomography. To ensure cases of LDA are not overlooked, the position of the abomasum must be noted during postmortem examination prior to removal of the gastrointestinal tract. The risk factors for the development of LDA in giraffes are not known, and associations such as those of dairy cattle (hypocalcemia, high-concentrate low-fiber diet, and indoor housing) remain to be elucidated.
Socially Constructing Healthy Eating: A Foucauldian Discourse Analysis of Healthy Eating Information and Advice
Authors: Mackenzie Jo , Murray Esther
Published: June 2021

A variety of materials offering healthy eating advice have been produced in the United Kingdom to encourage people to eat well and avoid diet-related health issues. By applying a Foucauldian discourse analysis, this research aimed to uncover the discourses used in six healthy eating texts (two state-produced and four commercial texts), how people positioned themselves in relation to these discourses, and the power relations between institutions and the U.K. public. Ten discourses including scientific, thermodynamics, natural, family/caring, emotional, medical, and moral discourses were uncovered and offered up subject positions in relation to moral citizenship and personal responsibility. Through the use of biopower, foods appeared to be categorized as “good” or “bad” foods in which bad foods were considered to be risky to health due to their nutritional composition. Most texts assumed people have the agency to follow the advice provided and failed to consider the readers’ personal contexts.
Planning Computer Science Instruction for Students With High-Incidence Disabilities
Authors: Hutchison Amy , Evmenova Anya S.
Published: June 2021

States increasingly are adopting computer science standards to help students develop coding and computational thinking skills. In an effort to support teachers in introducing computer science content to their students with high-incidence disabilities, a new model, computer science integration planning plus universal design for learning (CSIP+), offers ways to integrate computational thinking and coding into content area instruction. This column presents an example of how a teacher might implement the CSIP+ model when designing instruction accessible to all learners. Guiding questions to support teachers at each phase of the planning cycle are provided.
Effectiveness of Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding Appliance in Infants With Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Dinh Thao Thi Nhu , Van Nguyen Dau , Dien Vu Hoa Anh , Dong Tham Khac
Published: June 2021

Objective:

To assess the effectiveness of the presurgical nasoalveolar molding appliance among infants with unilateral cleft lip and palate.

Methods:

In this prospective study, 95 pairs of casts of infants with unilateral cleft lip and palate treated by presurgical nasoalveolar molding were selected at the Children’s Hospital 1 at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The average time of treatment was 3 months. All casts were scanned and measured using 3-dimensional technology before and after treatment. Paired t tests were applied for comparisons.

Results:

There was a statistically significant increase in the nostril height in cleft side ( P < .001), decrease in the nostril width and columella angle ( P < .001), and decrease in cleft width and midline deviation ( P < .001) after treatment with presurgical nasoalveolar molding appliance.

Conclusions:

Nasoalveolar molding appliance is effective in improving the morphology of nostril and maxillary alveolar. Understanding this helps orthodontists and surgeons in treatment outcome expectations.
A creep model of pile-frozen soil interface considering damage effect and ice effect
Authors: Gao Qiang , Wen Zhi , Zhou Zhiwei , Brouchkov Anatoli , Wang Dayan , Shi Rui
Published: June 2021

An important source of time-dependent pile deformation is creep behavior at pile-frozen soil interface in permafrost regions. A creep model for pile-frozen soil/ice interfaces was proposed based on a series of multistage creep tests. The test results show that the creep behavior of the pile-frozen soil/ice interfaces is easily observed at a steady rate larger than 0 even at a small load level, which increases as the increase of load level. The elastic shear modulus increases at a slowing down rate with the increase of load level. The interfaces are mainly strengthened during the creep process until the occurrence of the accelerating creep, which is more obvious for frozen soil. A large amount of ice in frozen soil can enhance the creep rate and reduce the carrying capacity of pile foundation. The viscosity [Formula: see text] reflecting steady creep rate, the instantaneous shear modulus [Formula: see text], and the critical stress [Formula: see text] required for describing damage behaviors distribute in the form of Bigaussian asymmetric peak function with ice content. The Burger model considering ice effect and damage effect is feasible to describe the entire creep behavior of the interfaces. Sensitivity analysis reveals that ice content in frozen soil has a marked influence on pile deformation, a cooling method can probably adjust the creep deformation of pile in frozen soil with high ice content.
Not Separate but Not Equal: Improving Equity in Discipline in Racially and Ethnically Diverse School Settings
Authors: McDaniel Sara C. , Cohen Daniel , LaSalle Tamika , Nese Rhonda
Published: June 2021

Educational inequities leading to deleterious outcomes and related to discipline continue within racially and ethnically diverse schools for a myriad of reasons. Districts and schools require deliberate planning and systems change prioritized by educational administrators to address both interpersonal and structural racism and biases. This article outlines a blueprint that leverages the positive behavioral interventions and supports framework in completion of the following: (a) code of conduct revisions, (b) data analysis, (c) cultural and implicit bias awareness, and (d) culturally responsive hiring, training, and teaching.
Family Narratives About Providing End-of-Life Care at Home
Authors: Martín-Martín Jesús , Pérez-Díez-del-Corral Mercedes , Olano-Lizarraga Maddi , Valencia-Gil Socorro , Saracíbar-Razquin María Isabel
Published: June 2021

Currently, the dying process in Spain is moving to the home environment where responsibility for care falls largely on the family, thereby challenging and testing the stability of the family. Previous research has focused on the impact of illness on the primary caregiver; therefore, a knowledge gap exists. This study aimed to understand families’ unitary experiences of providing home care to terminally ill family member. Using the “ Model of Interpersonal Relationship Between the Nurse and the Person/Family Cared For,” narrative research included family and individual interviews with nine families (9 groups/23 individuals). Thematic narrative analysis was used to interpret the interviews. The results highlight the impact of illness on family well-being as a whole. Family members often felt abandoned while caring for an ill family member and wished to be cared for themselves. However, their immediate community and the nurses caring for their ill family member neglected them. A paradigm shift is required by society and in home care at the end of life to better support the family.
Split beam method for determining mode shapes of cantilever beams under multiple loading conditions
Authors: Li Jun-Jie , Chiu Shuo-Feng , Chao Sheng D
Published: June 2021

We have developed a general method, dubbed the split beam method, to solve Euler–Bernoulli equations for cantilever beams under multiple loading conditions. This kind of problem is, in general, a difficult inhomogeneous eigenvalue problem. The new idea is to split the original beam into two (or more) effective beams, each of which corresponds to one specific load and bears its own Young’s modulus. The mode shape of the original beam can be obtained by linearly superposing those of the effective beams. We apply the split beam method to simulating mechanical responses of an atomic force microscope probe in the “dynamical” operation mode, under which there are a stabilizing force at the positioner and a point-contact force at the tip. Compared with traditional analytical or numerical methods, the split beam method uses only a few number of basis functions from each effective beam, so a very fast convergence rate is observed in solving both the resonance frequencies and the mode shapes at the same time. Moreover, by examining the superposition coefficients, the split beam method provides a physical insight into the relative contribution of an individual load on the beam.
A case report of fulminant hepatitis due to ribociclib with confirmed by liver biopsy in breast cancer
Authors: Topcu Atakan , Yasin Ayse Irem , Shbair Abdallah TM , Besiroglu Mehmet , Simsek Melih , Sucuoglu Zehra , Yurtsever Ismail , Gucin Zuhal , Seker Mesut , Turk Haci Mehmet
Published: June 2021

Introduction

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. Ribociclib is now frequently used in the treatment of metastatic hormone-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER 2)-negative breast cancer.

Case Report

A 54-year-old woman with breast cancer presented at a clinic in November 2017 with multiple lung and bone metastases. After receiving multiple lines of treatment due to disease progression, ribociclib and fulvestrant were initiated. Grade 4 toxicity was observed due to ribociclib during follow-up, and ribociclib was discontinued permanently. Management & Outcome: Given that liver transaminases and bilirubin elevation persisted despite discontinuation of the treatment, other reasons for liver toxicity were investigated. Abdominal MRI showed no liver metastases, although there was acute hepatitis. A liver biopsy was performed to determine the etiology. The pathology result was compatible with drug-induced acute fulminant toxic hepatitis. After liver biopsy, prednisolone treatment was initiated, after which the laboratory findings normalized.

Discussion

Although there are reported cases showing improvement in liver enzymes after ribociclib discontinuation, in our case, no recovery from hepatotoxicity was noticed. The treatment was changed to another hormonal pathway therapy option, exemestane. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case in the literature reporting this rare side effect of ribociclib, which is a liver biopsy-proven fulminant hepatitis.
Capecitabine induced Steven–Johnson syndrome: A rare case report
Authors: Karthikeyan Kavya , Sameera K V , Shaji Shintu , Swetha M Ann C , Madhu C S
Published: June 2021

Introduction

Steven–Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a serious mucocutaneous reaction, characterized by fever, influenza-like symptoms and followed by dermatological manifestations. Capecitabine is an oral fluoropyrimidine carbamate analogue of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). It is widely accepted for many malignancies because of its better safety profile and tolerability. Hand-foot syndrome is the common dermatological toxicity associated with Capecitabine and SJS is the rarest manifestation. Case presentation: We report a case of Capecitabine induced SJS in a 70 years old male patient with metastatic carcinoma pancreas. He was treated with intravenous Gemcitabine and Carboplatin initially and then switched to oral therapy with Capecitabine 1000 mg twice daily. After ten days of treatment with Capecitabine, he developed vomiting, mucositis, hyperpigmentation, itching and scrotal mucosal peeling. The clinical status of the patient was suggestive of SJS, which was confirmed by dermatologic consultation. According to Naranjo, WHO-UMC, and Hartwig’s scale, the reaction was found to be probable and severe. Pharmacological as well as supportive care measures were provided, but the condition progressively worsened, and the patient was deceased.

Conclusion

Capecitabine can cause severe hypersensitivity reactions which can be dangerous and life-threatening. Health care providers must be aware of all rare adverse effects, including SJS. Clinicians and clinical pharmacists should educate and counsel the patients regarding the likely adverse effects of their chemo drugs because the early identification of toxic symptoms is crucial to reduce further complications to the patient.
Updates in the management of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Hanna Kirollos S , Larson Samantha , Nguyen Jenny , Tu Sarah , Boudreau Jenna , Rose Sarah
Published: June 2021

Multiple myeloma, a malignant neoplasm of plasma cells that accumulate in bone marrow, accounts for approximately 18% of hematologic malignancies in the United States. Patients are often treated with triplet therapy and may undergo stem cell transplantation. Despite effective therapies, multiple myeloma remains incurable. Patients often require maintenance therapy, and many will progress or relapsed following upfront treatment. Selection of treatment in the relapse/refractory setting is complex due numerous active therapeutic agents and combinations. Treatment is often tailored to prior exposure and duration. In 2020, three novel pharmacological agents were approved in the relapsed setting. We highlight the clinical safety and efficacy of selinexor, isatuximab-irfc, and belantamab mafodotin for patients with multiple myeloma.
Effects of core splice joint width on the performance of composite sandwich structures with honeycomb core: An experimental study
Authors: Guin William E , Nettles Alan T
Published: June 2021

Composite sandwich structures are commonly considered in large-scale aerospace applications due to their performance on a per mass basis. The nature of a large-scale sandwich structure generally necessitates the use of multiple sections of core to fill out the structural form. These core sections must be spliced together to ensure that shear loads are appropriately transmitted throughout the core. Because core installation in a large-scale component is a challenging operation, core splice joint width can be difficult to control in manufacturing. As such, the effects of core splice joint width on sandwich structure performance should be well understood. This study examines the effects of core splice joint width in honeycomb sandwich structures via mechanical testing and post-failure analysis. A threshold core splice joint width is shown to exist with respect to core shear, while the integrity of the facesheet-to-core interface is shown to degrade with increasing core splice joint width.