bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Altings adskillelse – Om Surrealismens fysiologiske æstetik: Da Man Ray mødte Étienne-Jules Marey
Authors: Leth Meilvang Emil
Published: May 2022

ALL THINGS SEPARATE - THE PHYSIOLOGICAL AESTHETICS OF THE SURREALISM. MAN RAY MEETS ÉTIENNE-JULES MAREY

The article examines the interrelation of the chrono-photographical work of the French physiologist Étienne-Jules Marey and the avant-garde aesthetics of the surrealist photographer and filmmaker Man Ray. In his 1926 film Emak Bakia, Man Ray appropriated the visual idiom of Marey’s studies in comparative physiology as he paraphrased the technique of chrono-photography. The article argues that this appropriation cannot be properly understood simply on the level of form or visual style. Rather, it attests to a fundamental discussion of the organismic a-priori inherent in Marey’s visual technique—what to Man Ray corresponded to a paradigm of the organism and its body. The article contends that Man Ray was critiquing Marey’s notion of the body as motor and as something that could be analytically cut into discrete slices. To Man Ray, this physiological paradigm—keyed into chrono-photography itself—was built upon a repression of the notion of organic formlessness.
Middelalders helter og Norsk nasjonalisme før andre verdenskrig
Authors: Alvestad Karl Christian
Published: May 2022

A prominent feature of Norwegian nationalism in the second half of the nineteenth century and in the first half of the twentieth century was its use of Norway’s Viking and medieval history. This use is visible in Norwegian popular and political culture of the period with, among other things, the Norwegianization of city names and the emergence of the Dragon style. This article examines the role of commemoration of Viking heroes in Norwegian street names and memory sites in the period 1850-1940. In doing so, the article identifies who were remembered, when and where, and shows how there was an increase in Viking and medieval street names in the lead-up to 1900. The article also shows how the Norwegian population embraced and partook in the remembrance of these heroes through the case studies of the restoration of Trondheim Cathedral for 1930 and the construction of Haraldshaugen monument in 1872. By comparing these case studies with the spread of street names referencing the medieval, this article shows how there is a correlation between the increase in street names and the popular contributions to the construction of national memorials which suggests an increased participation in the national community. This shows the link between the spread of nationalism and medievalism in Norway in the period leading up to the Second World War opening the way to examine Norwegian medievalism as a component of the popularisation of the idea of an independent Norway.
Middelalderen som politisk middel i den spontan-abstrakte danske kunst
Authors: Tang Kristensen Jens
Published: May 2022

With particular focus on Danish artists Henry Heerup (1907-1993), Carl-Henning Pedersen (1913-2007) and Asger Jorn (1914-1973), this article illustrates how spontaneous-abstract artists in World War II-era Denmark helped to perpetuate an idealized image of the Middle Ages as a homogeneous and unspoiled social order. It is argued that these artists took medieval culture to represent an uninhibited, irrational art, which they believed had somehow remained unsullied and beyond the exploitation of modern society’s political and capitalist powers. It is further demonstrated that these artists’ idealizations tended to project onto the Middle Ages certain ideas about collectivization and the potentials of institutional critique; these commentaries resonated deeply with the volatile war and post-war political climate of their own times as well and had a clear lineage in earlier movements such as Gothic Revival, Arts and Crafts, Art Nouveau and Symbolism. This article thus posits that the medievalism in and of Danish spontaneous-abstract art can no longer be seen as independent of and unrelated to the medievalisms of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
Tysk grænsekamp i København
Authors: Göllnitz Martin
Published: May 2022

Som følge af nederlaget i 1. Verdenskrig og Versaillestraktatens bestemmelser blev Nordslesvig efter en folkeafstemning i 1920 en del af Danmark. Derefter opstod der i Slesvig-Holsten en ”grænselandsideologi” med en hensigt om at opnå en revision af grænseforløbet mellem Danmark og Tyskland. Det var hovedsageligt unge akademikere, der engagerede sig i grænsekampen, og fremfor alt de nordslesvigske studerende, som læste i København. De havde sluttet sig sammen i studentersammenslutningen ”Verbindung Schleswigscher Studenten“ og varetog en vigtig grænsepolitisk rolle.
Global søfart og lokal identitet i Sønderjylland
Authors: Jespersen Mikkel Leth
Published: May 2022

Ser man bort fra søfolk, der sejlede på skibe hjemmehørende andre steder, var der tre sønderjyske byer, som havde en betydelig global søfart i løbet af 1800-tallet. Det var Aabenraa, Sønderborg og Flensborg. Der var betragtelige forskelle i både karakteren af denne søfart, og hvorledes søfarten og de globale relationer, den var en del af, efterfølgende blev erindret og anvendt i den lokale identitet i hver af de tre byer. I Aabenraa blev søfartstraditionen dyrket intenst i omkring et halvt århundrede efter dens ophør i 1880’erne, og personer, der havde været involveret i den, nød en særlig status. I Sønderborg var ophøret ikke så brat, og den maritime arv blev i høj grad varetaget af byens Skipperlaug, som havde stor indflydelse på udstillingen af søfartssamlingen på Sønderborg Slot gennem det meste af det 20. århundrede. I Flensborg fandt der en vellykket omstilling fra sejl til damp sted, og det var først i efterkrigstiden, at man rigtig begyndte at interessere sig for 17- og 1800-tallets globale søfart, særlig Vestindienfarten, som nu blev en vigtig del af byens identitet.
Når man ikke kan skaffe uddannede lærere
Authors: Nørr Erik
Published: May 2022

I de sidste 200 år har politikere, skolemyndigheder og lærerorganisationer ikke haft styr på udbud og efterspørgsel efter lærere, så der skiftevis har været  lærerarbejdsløshed og lærermangel, hvilket også har været tilfældet i Sønderjylland efter 1920. Artiklen handler om de mange problemer, den store lærermangel fik for det sønderjyske skolevæsen i perioden fra 1945 til 1970. I denne periode skulle skolelovene af 1937 og 1958 gennemføres i praksis, men lærermanglen var i høj grad med til at forsinke udviklingen. Artiklen, der bygger på en lang række ansættelsessager, fortæller om de mange krumspring, der måtte accepteres, når der manglede kvalificerede ansøgere til lærerembederne, og undervisningen i stort omfang måtte varetages af mere eller mindre ukvalificerede vikarer.
Lykkeimperativet i folkeskolen
Authors: Vallgårda Karen , Nyvang Caroline
Published: May 2022

From the perspective of emotions and childhood history, the article discusses the well-being questionnaires that are distributed to pupils in their first year of school in the Copenhagen municipality. It argues that the questionnaires make the pupils objects of emotional formation and help communicate and reinforce a norm of the happy child. This norm, which has become increasingly dominant over the past century, is linked to a growing societal focus on children’s welfare. Nevertheless, it may have unhappy consequences for the child, who is encouraged to monitor and regulate their own emotions in relation to an unattainable ideal.
Jeg vil ikke i fængsel
Authors: Pultz Sabina
Published: May 2022

Unemployed people are increasingly governed as sensitive beings as management is not only targeted their ability to be rational and responsive in terms of incentives, but also their ability to feel afraid, their ability to feel ashamed and their ability to feel empowered. Based on an analytic from governmentality studies and integrated with a newer affective dimension, empirical material from from a recent PhD project, ”It is not you, it’s me: governing the unemployed self” , following question is analyzed: “How are young unemployed people governed and how do they govern themselves through their emotions?”.
"Vi tager lige en snak"
Authors: Hansen Nanna Koch
Published: May 2022

In the field of social work in the Danish welfare state, establishing dialogue between clients and social workers is typically viewed as key to success. But what is a good dialogue in this context? This article destabilizes common logics and practices which impact social work within the Danish Prison and Probation Service. The article is based on ethnographic fieldwork in two halfway houses and it shows how ideals of natural and unforced dialogue permeate social work. However, at the same time the article shows how such dialogue typically follow a specific template, making staff active co-producers of inmate’s stories.
Livets begyndelses politik
Authors: Lehn-Christiansen Sine , Thualagant Nicole
Published: May 2022

This paper explores how constructions of pregnancy and birth have changed in policy documents in the period of 1976-2013. Through a discourse analysis of national policy documents and guidelines concerning the normal pregnancy and birth, this article demonstrates how health professionals’ internal relations and their relation to work, pregnant and birth-giving women have changed. The analysis points at a modified understanding of the midwife’s profession and practices regarding the management of normal birth, which produces new possible practices for the profession, as well as, for pregnant and birth giving women.
Om teori og praksis, nærhed og fjernhed
Authors: Fink Hans
Published: May 2022

In the law governing the Danish University Colleges it is laid down that research shall be closely related to the forms of professional practice that the Colleges prepare students for. The paper discusses the concept of practice and the relationship between theory and practice in general and argues that the demand that research must be closely related to practice must be accompanied by an emphasis on the right and duty of researchers to freedom of research or a certain distance from current practice if the research shall be beneficial for those who are subjects to professional practice.
Børneperspektiver
Authors: Poulsen Christina Holm
Published: May 2022

The article focuses on what it means to create a child’s perspective based on an understanding that this perceptive of practice is relevant for researchers and professionals in day care and school. Through practical examples the kind of knowledge created by using a perspective on practice from a child's standpoints, and how this knowledge can be of significance for the development of practice, will be illustrated. The main objective for the article is to show that teachers and researchers can develop relevant knowledge about practice and how children experience their everyday and institutional life by exploring what children are doing together. Thus, the focus on children's actions and participation is pointing to an approach where children's perspective transcends the dominant role of the verbal language. The article argues that it does not require a specific knowledge or specific method to develop knowledge from a child's perspective, but rather a committed and curious companionship with the children.
Praksisnær forskning
Authors: Nielsen Lene Stumph , Munch Per , Nielsen Annegrethe
Published: May 2022

This article presents and discusses the scientific theory and methodological approaches that have been useful in investigating: a) how the formation of professional identity occurs among bachelor students, and b) what characterizes reflexive practice-based learning, when this learning approach is intended to support student formation processes. Our research design has contributed to establish spaces, where researchers and project participants have been able to explore the phenomena together. The research design has also made it possible to obtain a rich empirical material in order to analyze and understand the reflexive processes and the development of a didactic design aimed  to support the student's development of professional identity.
Vidensbasering af de pædagogiske professioners praksis
Authors: Thingstrup Signe Hvid
Published: May 2022

Denne artikel ser nærmere på evidensidealet, som er et fremtrædende ideal i debatten om, hvordan velfærdsarbejde skal vidensbaseres. Med daginstitutionsarbejde som eksempel præsenterer artiklen nogle overordnede træk, som kendetegner evidensidealet, og diskuterer, hvilke forståelser af pædagogik og pædagogisk praksis, idealet om evidens implicit eller eksplicit trækker på og bidrager til. Med udgangspunkt i et kritisk perspektiv på pædagogik og pædagogiske institutioner som komplekse sociale sammenhænge viser artiklen, at væsentlige dimensioner af pædagogik ikke lader sig forstå af de vidensforståelser, som evidensidealet trækker på. Artiklen argumenterer for behovet for en anden form for vidensbasering, som dels medreflekterer samfundsmæssige, politiske og kulturelle kontekster for pædagogikken, og som dels har blik for pædagoger, børn og forældres agens og viden og involverer disse som aktører i udviklingen af pædagogisk arbejde. Artiklen argumenterer for, at normativitet, involvering og kompleksitet bør være centrale begreber i vidensbaseringen af pædagogisk praksis.
En skoleleder skal også ud med skrald og tørre bordene af
Authors: Bøje Jakob Ditlev
Published: May 2022

This article describes how school leadership, as a response to omnipresent hopes and expectations, seems to be shrouded by mystery and new forms of secular religion. This results in new divisions of labour – between a profane, everyday praxis, a kind of magic management, and divine leadership. The article is theoretically informed by the social anthropologist Bronislaw Malinowski, and it is based on empirical data from a project on qualification of school leadership in the Danish Folkeskole (primary and lower secondary school).
Hvad er professionsforskning?
Authors: Johansen Martin Blok , Frederiksen Jan Thorhauge
Published: May 2022

This paper presents a discussion of what research in professions and professional work means, both generally, and in a Danish context. Initially we present a summary of the origins of the term profession, and the oldest occupations understood to be professions. Central questions when defining this origin is what constitutes the base of professional knowledge and whether such a base is specific to each profession. However, what such knowledge may be has proven hard to agree on, since such knowledge is what research in professions and professional work strive to produce. The paper instead proposes a different way to describe and categorize research in professions, which does not presume any one definition of neither profession nor knowledge. Instead, we suggest summarizing the different research practices found in the field, by way of three axes of difference: 1. Research in professions for – describing the different institutions and agents for whom the research is being produced. 2. Research in professions through – describing the different theoretical perspectives and assumptions upon which the research is based. Finally 3. Research in professions withdescribing the empirical methods and methodologies, which the research employs. On each axis, we exemplify a number of positions found in the field of research in professions. In conclusion, the paper points out correlations between positions on the three axes, which are indicative of the debates and struggles taking place in the field of research today.
Professionsforskning som praksisforskning
Authors: Buch Anders
Published: May 2022

The article investigates the development in the research on professionalism and expertise over the last 50 years and makes suggestions for further development of the research field.  Inspired by the ‘turn to practice’ within the social sciences the article sketches a research agenda that may advance the study of professionalism and expertise in promising ways.
Raciale vragrester i velfærdsprofessionelt arbejde
Authors: Stage Josefine Lee , Øland Trine
Published: May 2022

Exploring four key points, this article develops a methodological analytical eye sensitive to race and racialization. The four points are: 1. Race is a social construct with racializing effects, 2. Race is not an individual characteristic and ethnic background is not an innocent variable, 3. Race is a relational phenomenon and intrinsic to European and Danish colonial thinking as debris rumouring in the welfare professional soil, and 4. Post-ethnic, post-national and post-migrant perspectives are possible. The purpose of the article is to provide research in welfare professions with an analytical eye that may function as basis for future collective discussions of this awkward matter, which is charged with affectivity and difficult to acknowledge.
Folkeskolens første møde med folkeskolereformen – et stormfuldt møde
Authors: Hansen Steen Juul
Published: May 2022

A new Danish primary and lower secondary school reform was adopted in 2013 and entered into force in August 2014. The question is how the text of the reform is translated and transformed into pedagogical practice in an ordinary Danish primary and lower secondary school. The theoretical framework for the analysis is translation theory. The study is a case study, and the empirical data for the analysis are documents, observations, interviews and recordings from meetings held at a school during the autumn of 2014. The results of the analysis show that the reform affects management and teachers at the school with great force and challenges them on their professional knowledge and competence.
Sociale teknologier i tværgående samarbejde
Authors: Laursen Erik
Published: May 2022

Artiklens emne er anvendelsen af sociale teknologier i kommunale forvaltninger med det formål at styrke det tværgående samarbejde. Artiklen er baseret på en undersøgelse af, hvordan berørte faggrupper i en stor dansk kommune responderer på implementeringen af to sociale teknologier i det tværgående samarbejde omkring udsatte børn og unge. Der konkluderes at teknologiernes implementering afhænger af medarbejdernes vurdering af en bred række aspekter. Blandt disse teknologiernes effektivitet og relevans som redskaber til at udføre arbejdsopgaver, men også hvilke værdier og viden teknologierne indeholder, samt hvordan deres anvendelse positionerer faggrupperne indbyrdes.
Hvad er en (god) forskningspublikation?
Authors: Andersen Hanne
Published: May 2022

How can research be distinguished from public debate or from nonsense? This question has kept arising in public debates about controversial research topics, for example in debates on Lomborg’s publications on climate and environmental science in the early 2000s, or, more recently, in debates on research on diversity and identity. This article will discuss how and by whom a distinction between research publications and other types of publications can be drawn.
Relationship Between Social Structure and Willingness to Embed Human Rights Education
Authors: Vissing Yvonne
Published: May 2022

Human rights education is mandated by a variety of international treaties, yet it is not fully implemented. Despite rhetoric that it is important, many obstacles interfere with its incorporation in schools or communities. This article explores what human rights education is, what needs
to be in place for it to be embedded in schools, and common challenges for its implementation. Data from a human rights education group showcases the trends shown in a review of human rights education literature and research. Recommendations for action are included.
A Note on the Irrationality of Angles of Kloosterman Sums over Finite Field
Authors: Borissov Lyubomir , Borissov Yuri
Published: May 2022

We prove that the angles of Kloosterman sums over arbitrary finite field are incommensurable with the constant π.
First Pleistocene Record of Great Grey Owl (Strix nebulosa Forster, 1772) in Bulgaria
Authors: Boev Zlatozar , Mikkola Heimo
Published: May 2022

The paper presents first find (a cervical vertebra – atlas) of Strix nebulosa in the Late Pleistocene of CN Bulgaria from the Devetashka Cave (ca. 70 000 BP). It is the first record on the Balkan Peninsula, tenth and the southernmost record of the Great Grey Owl in Europe and the Palearctic.
Global Maps of Galactic Cosmic Ray Induced Ionization at Different Altitudes in Planetary Atmosphere
Authors: Mishev Alexander , Velinov Peter
Published: May 2022

High-energy precipitating particles of cosmic origin viz. cosmic ray protons of heavier nuclei of galactic and/or solar origin induce complicated nuclear electromagnetic-lepton cascades in the Earth’s atmosphere, eventually leading to an ionization of the ambient air. The induced by cosmic rays atmospheric ionization is related to possible effect of precipitating particles on atmospheric chemistry and physics.
In this work, using a combination of state of the art 3-D full target models we computed as realistically as possible, explicitly considering the contribution of heavy ions, the ion production at eight altitudes in the Earth’s atmosphere, scilicet:
25 g/cm2 (≈ 45 km asl), 50 g/cm2 (≈ 35 km asl)   Fig. 1,
100 g/cm2 (≈ 24.5 km asl), 150 g/cm2 (≈ 19.5 km asl)   Fig. 2,
200 g/cm2 (≈ 16 km asl), 250 g/cm2 (≈ 13.5 km asl) Fig. 3,
300 g/cm2 (≈ 11.5 km asl), 400 g/cm2 (≈ 8.5 km asl)   Fig. 4.
This includes altitudes from the upper troposphere to the stratosphere. Here we provided global maps with resolution of 1◦×1◦ of the computed ion production rates. Hence, the presented here results give a good basis for further studies related to the space weather and the possible impact of precipitating highenergy particles of galactic and/or solar origin on the atmospheric chemistry and physics.
Application of Fast Biochemical Stress Markers for Evaluation of Drought Tolerance of Four Common Winter Wheat Varieties
Authors: Dobrikova Anelia , Borisova Preslava , Yotsova Ekaterina , Chipilski Radoslav , Dimitrov Evgeniy , Uhr Zlatina , Todorovska Elena , Popova Antoaneta
Published: May 2022

The aim of the present work was to compare the drought tolerance of three new Bulgarian common winter wheat varieties (Sashez, Ginra and Gizda) with one older variety Fermer, that is sensitive to drought stress. The sensitivity of investigated varieties to 3 and 7 days dehydration and their ability to recover after a period of 3 days re-watering were evaluated by following the alterations in the leaf pigment content, lipid peroxidation (MDA), generation of reactive oxygen species (H2O2) and levels of protective substances (anthocyanins). Results revealed that varieties Ginra and Gizda were the most resistant to applied dehydration, Sashez had medium resistance, while Fermer showed high sensitivity to water deprivation. Variety Sashez responded to 7 days of water deprivation with a significant increase of lipid peroxidation, but after re-watering for 3 days recovered successfully. After 3 days of dehydration, the level of protective anthocyanins was enhanced in Sashez, Ginra and Gizda, while during the whole experimental setup their level was very low in Fermer. Data demonstrated as well that the dehydration-induced lipid peroxidation and levels of H2O2 were highest in variety Fermer. The photosynthetic pigments were decreased after 7 days dehydration in all varieties, except in Ginra, and recovered after rewatering. The results obtained in respect to drought resistance and ability to recover after the stress of the investigated wheat varieties will be of interest to breeders for the development of new high-yielding drought tolerant wheat and achievement of sustainable agriculture in water-limited environments.
Robust clothing-independent gait recognition using hybrid part-based gait features
Authors: Gao Zhipeng , Wu Junyi , Wu Tingting , Huang Renyu , Zhang Anguo , Zhao Jianqiang
Published: May 2022

Recently, gait has been gathering extensive interest for the non-fungible position in applications. Although various methods have been proposed for gait recognition, most of them can only attain an excellent recognition performance when the probe and gallery gaits are in a similar condition. Once external factors (e.g., clothing variations) influence people’s gaits and changes happen in human appearances, a significant performance degradation occurs. Hence, in our article, a robust hybrid part-based spatio-temporal feature learning method is proposed for gait recognition to handle this cloth-changing problem. First, human bodies are segmented into the affected and non/less unaffected parts based on the anatomical studies. Then, a well-designed network is proposed in our method to formulate our required hybrid features from the non/less unaffected body parts. This network contains three sub-networks, aiming to generate features independently. Each sub-network emphasizes individual aspects of gait, hence an effective hybrid gait feature can be created through their concatenation. In addition, temporal information can be used as complement to enhance the recognition performance, a sub-network is specifically proposed to establish the temporal relationship between consecutive short-range frames. Also, since local features are more discriminative than global features in gait recognition, in this network a sub-network is specifically proposed to generate features of local refined differences. The effectiveness of our proposed method has been evaluated by experiments on the CASIA Gait Dataset B and OU-ISIR Treadmill Gait Dataset B. Related experiments illustrate that compared with other gait recognition methods, our proposed method can achieve a prominent result when handling this cloth-changing gait recognition problem.
APROXIMACIONES A LOS PRINCIPIOS DE LA REFORMA PROCESAL CIVIL
Authors: Delgado Castro Jordi
Published: May 2022

El presente comentario pretende relevar los principios de la reforma procesal civil. Además, de forma especial se adentra en señalar algunas ventajas del proceso escrito rebajando la euforia existente entorno a los beneficios apare-jados del principio de la oralidad.
ALCANCES SOCIOCULTURALES DE LA SENTENCIA PENAL RIT 101-2005
Authors: Curihuinca Neira Elsy , Delgado Garrido Daniela
Published: May 2022

El propósito de este artículo es describir cómo la sentencia penal RIT 101-2005 del Tribunal Oral en lo Penal de Temuco, aborda el hecho que un hombre mayor de edad mantenga una relación amorosa plena con una adolescente menor de edad en el contexto mapuche pewenche del sector El Naranjo de la comuna de Lonquimay (Chile).Posteriormente, y con herramientas delparadigma cualita tivo, expondremos cómo esta práctica opera en la representación sociocultural de los miembros de esta comunidad.
La mediación en asuntos civiles y mercantiles (breves notas a la Ley 5/2012, de 6 de julio)
Authors: Viola Demestre Isabel
Published: May 2022

La promulgación de la normativa estatal sobre mediación en asun-tos civiles y mercantiles ha significado un hito relevante en la legislación es-pañola al regular, por primera vez, en el ámbito estatal los aspectos generales de este medio de autocomposición de controversias que es la mediación, así como al conectarla con los tribunales, introduciendo modificaciones en las normas de la jurisdicción ordinaria civil. Hasta la fecha, la regulación se hallaba en las normas promulgadas por las comunidades autónomas y con alguna mención en la legislación civil y procesal, mas sin régimen jurídico estatal. En la nueva legislación, motivada por el mandato europeo de trans-poner la Directiva 52/2008/CE, se establece un concepto de mediación y sus principios informadores; se fija el ámbito objetivo de la norma, no sólo trans-fronteriza, según la citada Directiva, sino también la interna, instaurando el estatuto del mediador así como un procedimiento básico, del que se prevé, como gran innovación, el carácter ejecutivo a los acuerdos resultantes del procedimiento que son elevados a escritura pública notarial.
Evaluación y rendición de cuentas en las Políticas Culturales en Chile
Authors: Antoine Faúndez Cristian David
Published: May 2022

Pese a que el Estado chileno viene desarrollando una nutrida ac-tividad en el campo cultural desde los orígenes de la República, la creación en 2003 del Consejo Nacional de la Cultura y las Artes no ha supuesto necesariamente un desarrollo formal de políticas públicas en cultura (pu-blic policies in culture), especialmente porque estas decisiones legislativas, financieras y administrativas que el Estado realiza en el campo cultural no son sujetas a mecanismos conocidos de evaluación ni rendición de cuentas.
Derechos lingüísticos y proceso penal
Authors: Aguero San Juan Claudio , Villavicencio Miranda Luis
Published: May 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es sostener que el derecho a usar la propia lengua en juicio es un derecho fundamental resguardado por la le-gislación chilena, intrínsecamente vinculado al debido proceso y a la igual-dad.Se argumenta en torno a la valoración de la cultura en una sociedad multicultural y a la justificación de un trato diferenciado para las personas que pertenecen a minorías indígenas. Las conclusiones reflexionan sobre la noción de comunidad multicultural y sobre los estándares que los juicios orales deben satisfacer para respetar los derechos fundamentales de talante lingüístico de los indígenas que intervienen en un proceso penal.
Asistencia religiosa y derecho del trabajo: el caso de los ministros de culto
Authors: Vergara Ceballos Fabiola
Published: May 2022

La doctrina laboral, por medio de la determinación y desarrollo de los elementos esenciales del contrato de trabajo, permite esclarecer si en determinados supuestos de hecho se configura o no una relación laboral que deba materializarse en un contrato de trabajo. Esta cuestión cobra vital importancia respecto de servicios en los que se presentan dudas sobre si dan o no lugar a dicho contrato, como en el caso de las labores de los ministros de culto (por ejemplo, pastores, sacerdotes, rabinos, diáconos) y demás per-sonas autorizadas, por sus respectivas iglesias, para otorgar asistencia reli-giosa de su propia confesión y que, en ocasiones, también desarrollan tareas que pueden catalogarse de profesionales (médicos, profesores, entre otros).
El Crédito Documentario ¿Mecanismo o garantía de pago según la normativa ucp 600?
Authors: Martínez Montenegro Isnel
Published: May 2022

La investigación aborda el estudio del crédito documentario como mecanismo o garantía de pago utilizado en la compraventa mercantil internacional. En la actualidad estos instrumentos de liquidación y finan-ciamiento ofrecen confianza, seguridad jurídica y económica. El uso de esta práctica financiera se transforma en la transacción comercial más segura posible. Además de constituir instrumentos de pago, su utilización provee de garantías a las partes contratantes, en las actividades comerciales inter-nacionales. En este sentido, el presente artículo se convierte en un análisis de las particularidades y funciones de la institución, logrando conformar bases teóricas para su aplicación en un mundo en el cual su regulación in-ternacional debe ser usada uniformemente, a consecuencia de las carencias presentadas en los diferentes ordenamientos jurídicos nacionales.
Venezuela: La descentralización en el socialismo
Authors: Rodríguez Rojas Pedro , García Yépez Janette
Published: May 2022

La nueva dinámica del poder político y el desarrollo económico en Venezuela  hay que entenderlos en el contexto de La Nueva geometría del Poder, el necesario reacomodo territorial, el fortalecimiento del poder popular, Comunal y de los Núcleos de Desarrollo Endógeno. En Venezuela el desarrollo endógeno es un mecanismo dentro del proceso para la construcción de nuestro socialismo. Por lo tanto este debe partir por el debate teórico y filosófico de los fundamentos que deben sustentar esta nueva economía y sociedad. Por eso el propósito de este trabajo tiene que ver con los cambios ocurridos en la administración publica, la dialéctica entre centralización y descentralización, la ocupación del territorio en Venezuela, y los espacios alcanzados por la organización popular, para entender el papel que juegan en el desarrollo armónico de las comunas y la sociedad socialista.
La delimitación entre el principio «in dubio pro reo» y la presunción de inocencia en el proceso penal español
Authors: Ortego Pérez Francisco
Published: May 2022

El presente artículo centra su análisis en uno de los principios de mayor utilización práctica en la justicia penal. Tradicionalmente rela-cionado con el ámbito de la valoración de las pruebas, en la actualidad el principio «in dubio pro reo» ha perdido su significación independiente por su directa relación con el derecho a la presunción de inocencia.
El pluralismo político como valor constitucional. El tratamiento español
Authors: Díaz Bravo Enrique
Published: May 2022

El autor analiza los rasgos esenciales y característicos del pluralismopolítico en el Estado Democrático de Derecho en España, destacandoque el constituyente democrático determino en la propia Constitución de1978 la existencia de un conjunto de valores superiores de su ordenamientojurídico los que en definitiva irradian y determinan a la sociedad en suconjunto. Del mismo modo, dichos valores se contrastan con una serie desentencias de las que permiten observar la aplicación y alcance que hanrealizado diversos Tribunales tanto españoles como europeos sobre el pluralismo político como un valor determinante para la democracia.
El debate sobre la noción de Path Dependence y su conciliación en un modelo dinámico de análisis institucional
Authors: Trigo Luis Gonzalo
Published: May 2022

El presente trabajo se encuentra estructurado en dos partes, la primera,intenta identificar el debate actual sobre la noción de Path Dependenceen la literatura académica, evidenciando sus posibles limitaciones y potencialidadesdefinicionales. A partir de lo anterior, la segunda parte, buscaestablecer una conciliación de las distintas conceptualizaciones, de maneratal, apostar por un modelo dinámico de análisis institucional basado en unavisión integral de Path Dependence. Entonces, un Modelo Dinámico de PathDependence implica otorgarle un rol específico a cada conceptualización deldebate en una estructura analítica general. En este sentido, la integraciónde las distintas conceptualizaciones del debate en un solo modelo dinámicopermitiría considerar que el nodo central del análisis del desarrollo institucionalpasa por la observación de las relaciones micro-causales de una ovarias secuencias de tiempo las cuales pueden auto-reforzarse o terminar en ruptura, es decir, una dinámica de cierre y apertura institucional que determinala continuidad y el cambio.
Instancias sociales formales de participación ciudadana para migrantes internacionales no convencionales en Chile
Authors: Zebryte Ieva , Medina Millamán Valeska , Ritz Parra Kevin
Published: May 2022

El incremento de la inmigración a Chile, ha incluido el avecindamientode migrantes no convencionales en el territorio nacional. Esta clasificaciónde extranjeros se ha caracterizado por provenir de países desarrollados,con un importante capital social, cultural y, a la vez financiero, en miras del despliegue de sus proyectos de vida alternos. Fruto de ello, la rees tructuración de la realidad socio-cultural en el ámbito de la esfera pública,es propia del grado de participación efectuado en el nuevo lugar escogido.Siendo necesarias las instancias de participación ciudadana otorgadas por ellegislador a nivel constitucional y legal, para la integración de los migrantesno convencionales. Sin embargo, estas instancias carecen de difusión ycuentan con ciertas limitaciones, que se espera, la nueva normativa en tramitación pueda subsanar para una eficaz aplicación de esta herramienta degobernanza local.
A Retrospective Cohort Study on the Risk of Kidney Disease in HIV Positive Individuals Receiving Tenofovir Based Regimens
Authors: Khandelia Vikash , Nama Umashankar , Mahavar Ashok , Rathore Anjali
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Exposure to Tenofovir often leads to the development of some irreversible high risk for kidney disease events. In Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) patients, the prolonged treatment with tenofovir use frequently causes mildto-moderate nephrotoxicity. Hence, there is a need to further investigate the efficacy and the adverse effects associated with tenofovir use to combat the decreased morbidity and mortality associated with the declined kidney function. Aim: To investigate the risk of kidney disease associated with tenofovir use. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the tertiary care centre in northern India, from August 2009 to January 2017 and analysed during January to May 2021. The patients with HIV infection who were administered Tenofovir, Lamivudine and Efavirenz (TLE) and Zidovudine, Lamivudine and Nevirapine (ZLN) were included.The patients were divided into two group based on the TLE and ZLN regimen they received. These patients were on a regular follow-up for six months. The data was assessed on the basis of serum creatinine and estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) (using Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation), body weight and Cluster of Differentiation (CD4) count. Results: Out of 703 patients, 364 patients were administered with TLE, while 339 patients received ZLN. In both the groups, the number of patients were between the age 21-40 years was significantly higher, followed by patients between the age 41- 60 years. The mean weight and CD4 count of the patients in both the groups significantly increased with the progression of time (p<0.001). The creatinine levels at baseline and at 24 months were comparable in both the groups, p>0.05. The mean eGFR level was significantly lowered in TLE group (112.2 mL/ min/1.73 m2 ) compared to ZLN group (123.5 mL/min/1.73m2 ) at 24-months follow-up (p<0.001). Conclusion: Overall results demonstrate that increasing exposure to tenofovir was associated with a higher incidence of CKD. The serum creatinine levels were comparable between the TLE and ZLN group.
Triple Assessment for the Diagnosis of Carcinoma Breast in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Tripura: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Sarkar Tamal , Chatterjee Damodar , Chowdhury Diptendu , Sarkar Pradip
Published: May 2022

Introduction: A combination of invasive and non-invasive procedures, clinical examination, radiological imaging (mammography/ ultrasonography/ Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)) and fine needle aspiration cytology called the triple assessment test is being increasingly used in place of the more invasive core needle biopsy and histopathology. Aim: To evaluate accuracy of triple assessment in the preoperative diagnosis of patients with breast carcinoma and to determine sensitivity and specificity with regards to histopathology in the diagnosis of the disease. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 61 women of more than 25 years of age having palpable breast lump, attending the surgery Outpatient Department (OPD) and breast clinic of a tertiary care hospital from January 2017 to February 2019. Data on socio-demographic status, menstrual and obstetric information, clinical examination performed, mammography, Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC), High resolution sonography breast and histopathology were recorded into predesigned and pretested proformas and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0. Results: Out of total 61 patients participated in the present study, most patients were of 41-50 years of age, with a mean age of 44.23±7.37 years, married, non-vegetarian and without any past history of alcohol consumption. Sensitivity and specificity of triple assessment was 98.3% and 100% respectively. The positive predictive value of Triple Assessment was 100% while the negative predictive value was 66.7%. All values were significantly better than both clinical breast examination and FNAC in detecting malignancies. Conclusion: The triple test was also found to be as accurate in diagnosing breast carcinoma in this geographical region. A patient with a negative triple test report can be safely followed up without the need for biopsy.
Prevalence of Arrhythmic Events in Paediatric Patients with Congenital Heart Disease-A Retrospective Study
Authors: Banerjee Asish , Mitra Meenakshi
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Various types of arrhythmias occur in patients with Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) and are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Knowledge regarding arrhythmias in CHD is important for safe and effective management of arrhythmia and in reduction of sudden cardiac deaths. Aim: To assess the profile of various arrhythmic events in children with CHD. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted over the period of three years (January 2018 to December 2020). Data were collected from the Department of Paediatrics of a tertiary care hospital in Durgapur, West Bengal, India. A total of 232 children of the age group 0-18 years, diagnosed with CHD were included in this study. Children who underwent cardiac intervention were excluded from the study. Age, sex, age at diagnosis, nature of CHD, clinical findings, Electrocardiogram (ECG) findings were recorded. Data analysis was performed using Fisher’s-exact test on Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 27.0 A p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: A 20.3% children of 0-18 years of age with CHD had conduction abnormalities. Statistically significant association was found between atrial septal defect with Atrial Fibrillation (AF) (p-value <0.001) and atrial flutter (p-value=0.008), Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) with Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVC) (p-value=0.0001), Atrioventricular (AV) canal defect with first degree AV block with (p-value=0.0004), Tetralogy Of Fallot (TOF) with Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) (p-value=0.021), L-Transposition of Great Vessels (L-TGA) with complete AV block (p-value=0.012), Ebstein’s anomaly with Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: Specific conduction abnormalities are significantly associated with specific CHD. These results demand attention for effective management of arrhythmia and reduction of sudden cardiac death in children with CHD.
Biodentine and Amniotic Membrane to Treat the Hidden Villain- A Rare Case of Labiocervical Vertical Groove
Authors: Kumar Tamil Selvan , Suthanthiran Thangakumaran , Sankar MS Ravi , Rajkumar Gokulvathi , Nagaraj NJ
Published: May 2022

This case report signifies the importance of complications and early diagnosis of radicular groove and to discuss the treatment of combined endo-perio lesion using bone graft mixed with Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF), amniotic membrane and biodentine. Labiocervical Vertical Groove (LCVG) presents various complications to the patients, especially if it extends to the pulpal space. Labiocervical vertical groove originating near the cervical area of tooth can extend to the radicular surface. These grooves can be mild, moderate or deep based on its extent and depth. This case report deals with the complications, degree of destruction and treatment of an intrabony defect associated with LCVG in maxillary central incisor in a 35-year-old male patient, who reported to the Department of Periodontics and Implantology with the chief complaint of mobility of teeth over a period of past 2 months. In this case report, authors have highlighted the advantages of saucerization, PRF, Amniotic membrane and biodentine to treat the bone loss along with restoration of the groove.
Haemodynamics and Arterial Blood Gases in Smokers versus Non Smokers During General Anaesthesia for Abdominal Surgeries: An Analytical Study
Authors: Pal Rashmi , Patel Hemlata , Arora KK , Gupta Neetu
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Tobacco smoking is a worldwide accepted health hazard and its effect on cardiopulmonary system is a wellknown fact. In a long run, it results in to gross derangements in haemodynamics and arterial blood gases which can lead to further complications during general anaesthesia. Aim: To evaluate the effect of smoking on cardiopulmonary system, and also to compare its effects on haemodynamics and arterial blood gases during general anaesthesia for abdominal surgeries in smokers and non smokers. Materials and Methods: This analytical study was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesiology, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical Colledge, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India, from May 2020 to April 2021. The study included 74 male patients of American Society of Anaesthesiologist (ASA) grade I and II, aged 20-70 years, undergoing elective abdominal surgeries. The patients were divided into two groups, smokers and non smokers, depending on their smoking status. Haemodynamic monitoring was done from preinduction time till 48 hours after extubation, and arterial blood gas analysis was also done before induction and 2 hours after extubation in both the groups. T-test and Mann-whitney test were applied according to the requirement. A p-value < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. The statistical software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 and Medcalc 19.5 were used for the analysis. Results: Significant increase in Heart Rate (HR) and Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) was observed in smokers as compared to non smokers at all time intervals (p-value<0.001). End-tidal carbon dioxide concentration (EtCO2 ) values were found to be significantly higher in smokers (37.77±2.63 mmHg) than non smokers (32.99±2.83 mmHg) (p-value<0.001). Regarding arterial blood gas analysis significant difference was observed in preoperative and postoperative arterial carbon dioxide concentration (PaCO2 ) (p-value<0.0001), and pH levels (p-value<0.0001) in both the groups. A significant difference was also seen in preoperative and postoperative PaCO2 levels of the smokers (p-value= 0.0004) with a corresponding change in their pH levels also (p-value=0.0012). Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) was lower in smokers in comparison to non smokers (p-value<0.0001). Conclusion: Smoking has significant effects on haemodynamic status and arterial blood gases of smokers which can be aggravated during general anaesthesia.
Detection of Coccidian Parasites using Auramine Rhodamine Stain: A Rapid and Sensitive Tool
Authors: Savitha Dharavath , Neelima A , Padmaja Kanne , Pamidi Umabala , Patil Madhusudhan , Teja Vijay Dharma
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Intestinal coccidian parasites known to cause opportunistic infections have increased since the past years and are often indistinguishable from other forms of community- acquired diarrhoea, which suggests a need for proper and rapid diagnostic techniques to recover and identify the organism. Aim: To investigate if Auramine Rhodamine (AR) staining is a sensitive and time conserving staining technique in contrast to modified acid fast stain. Materials and Methods: A descriptive observational study was conducted at Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India, over a period of three months (i.e., from July to September 2019). A total of 100 stool samples received by the Department of Microbiology were subjected to macroscopic and microscopic examination by saline mount, iodine mount, kinyoun acid fast stain, modified AR staining. Results: In the present study the prevalence of coccidian infections were observed to be 6%. Coccidian parasites reported were Cryptosporidium species and Cystoisospora species immunocompromised patients were found to be more prone to infections with coccidian parasites. The AR stain showed 100% agreement with modified acid fast stain. Conclusion: This study concluded that the AR stain is a rapid and better stain than kinyoun acid-fast stain for the detection of coccidian parasites.