bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, attitude, and practice of nephrologists on the decision for renal replacement therapy
Authors: Hu Xiaofang , Yang Ming , Li Xiangyi , Chen Yu , Ouyang Shaxi , Li Lin
Published: April 2023

Background

This study aimed to investigate the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) of nephrologists on the decision of renal replacement therapy (RRT), including peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, and kidney transplantation.

Methods

This multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted on qualified nephrologists who volunteered to participate between July and August 2022 by using a self-administered questionnaire.

Results

Among 327 nephrologists, the total knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 12.03 ± 2.11/16, 58.39 ± 6.62/75, and 27.15 ± 2.74/30, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the attitude score (peritoneal dialysis: OR = 1.19, 95%CI: 1.13–1.25, P < 0.001; hemodialysis: OR = 1.14, 95%CI: 1.09–1.19, P < 0.001; kidney transplantation: OR = 1.12, 95%CI: 1.07–1.16, P < 0.001), 41–50 years of age (peritoneal dialysis: OR = 0.45, 95%CI: 0.21–0,98, P = 0.045; hemodialysis: OR = 0.27, 95%CI: 0.12–0.60, P = 0.001; kidney transplantation: OR = 0.45, 95%CI:0.20–0.97, P = 0.042), and > 50 years of age (peritoneal dialysis: OR = 0.27, 95%CI: 0.08–0.84, P = 0.024; hemodialysis: OR = 0.45, 95%CI: 0.20–0.97, P = 0.042; kidney transplantation: OR = 0.24, 95%CI: 0.08–0.77, P = 0.016) were independently associated with the consideration score of peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, and kidney transplantation.

Conclusion

Better attitudes may lead to more consideration by nephrologists when choosing between peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, and kidney transplantation and relatively less consideration by senior physicians when making decisions; in addition, having good knowledge and good attitudes may lead to better practice.
Parents’ experiences of participating in the Healthy School Start Plus programme – a qualitative study
Authors: Malek Mahnoush Etminan , Andermo Susanne , Nyberg Gisela , Elinder Liselotte Schäfer , Patterson Emma , Norman Åsa
Published: April 2023

Background

The rise in overweight and obesity among children is a global problem and effective prevention interventions are urgently required. Parents play an important role in children’s lifestyle behaviours and body weight development and therefore there is a great need to investigate how to involve parents effectively in health promotion and prevention programmes. The aim of the study was to describe parents’ experiences of barriers and facilitators of participating in the Healthy School Start Plus (HSSP) intervention study.

Methods

HSSP is a parental support programme, conducted in Sweden, with the aim to promote a healthy diet, physical activity and preventing obesity in 5-7-year-old children starting school. In total 20 parents from 7 schools participated in semi-structured telephone-based interviews. The data was analysed using qualitative content analysis, with a deductive approach based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).

Results

Parental experiences of barriers and facilitators informing the implementation of the HSSP intervention were identified within all five domains of the CFIR. Two additional constructs, not included in the CFIR were identified: Social factors and Cooperation. The findings of parental experiences of barriers and facilitators related to the importance of (1) adaptation of the intervention to fit the abilities of the parents with different social and cultural backgrounds; (2) the need for continuous delivery of information related to healthy behaviours; (3) the commitment and efforts of the deliverers of the intervention; (4) the need for repetition of information related to healthy behaviours given by the deliverers of the intervention; (5) encouragement and facilitation of the involvement of the family and key people around them through the intervention activities and by the deliverers of the intervention; (6) awareness of unexpected impacts and social and cultural conditions complicating the execution of the intervention and; (7) cooperation and a well-functioning interaction between parents and school staff.

Conclusions

Barriers and facilitators indicated by the parents highlighted that interventions like the HSSP need to be adapted to fit the parents’ abilities, with reminders, follow-ups and delivery of relevant information. Variations in social and cultural conditions need to be taken into consideration. The commitment of the school and the interaction between the school staff and the family as well as key people around them appears to be important.

Trial registration

The Healthy School Start Plus trial was retrospectively registered in the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number Registry on January 4, 2018 and available online at ClinicalTrials.gov: No. NCT03390725.
Topical administration of tranexamic acid reduces postoperative blood loss and inflammatory response in knee arthroscopic arthrolysis: a retrospective comparative study
Authors: Li Junqiao , You Mingke , Yao Lei , Fu Weili , Li Qi , Chen Gang , Tang Xin , Li Jian , Xiong Yan
Published: April 2023

Background

Knee arthroscopic arthrolysis serves as an effective treatment for knee arthrofibrosis. However, hemarthrosis is the most common complication in arthroscopic surgery, which has potential adverse effects on postoperative rehabilitation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of topical tranexamic acid (TXA) in knee arthroscopic arthrolysis.

Methods

A total of 87 patients with knee arthrofibrosis who underwent arthroscopic arthrolysis from September 2019 to June 2021 were eligible for this retrospective review. Patients in the TXA group (n = 47) received topical administration of TXA (50 mL, 10 mg/mL) at the end of the surgery, and patients in the control group (n = 40) received no TXA. The postoperative drainage volumes, hematologic levels, inflammatory marker levels, knee range of motion (ROM), visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, Lysholm knee scores and complications were compared between the two groups. The curative effect of each group was calculated according to Judet’s criteria.

Results

The mean drainage volumes on postoperative day (POD) 1 and POD 2, and total drainage volume were significantly lower in the TXA group than in the control group (P < 0.001 for all). The TXA group had significantly lower postoperative CRP and IL-6 levels on POD 1 and POD 2, and at postoperative week (POW) 1 and POW 2 than the control group. The VAS pain scores in the TXA group were significantly lower on POD 1 and POD 2, and at POW 1 and POW 2 than those in the control group (P < 0.001 for all). Patients in the TXA group showed better postoperative ROM and Lysholm knee scores at POW 1 and POW 2. No patient had any complications such as deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or infection. The excellent and good rates of knee arthroscopic arthrolysis were comparable between the two groups at the sixth postoperative month (P = 0.536).

Conclusions

Topical administration of TXA in knee arthroscopic arthrolysis can reduce postoperative blood loss and inflammatory response, alleviate early postoperative pain, increase early postoperative knee ROM, and improve early postoperative knee function without increased risks.
Short and long-term predictors of pain severity and interference in primary care patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain and depression
Authors: Rambla Concepció , Aragonès Enric , Pallejà-Millán Meritxell , Tomé-Pires Catarina , López-Cortacans Germán , Sánchez-Rodríguez Elisabet , Miró Jordi
Published: April 2023

Background

Chronic pain and depression are frequent comorbidities in primary care. Depression among other psychosocial factors play a role in the clinical course of chronic pain.

Objective

To study the short and long-term predictive factors of severity and interference of chronic pain in primary care patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain and major depression.

Methods

Longitudinal study of a cohort of 317 patients. The outcomes are severity and functional interference of pain (Brief Pain Inventory) measured at 3 and 12 months. We performed multivariate linear regression models to estimate the effects the explanatory baseline variables on the outcomes.

Results

83% participants were women; average age was 60.3 years (SD = 10.2). In multivariate models, baseline pain severity predicted pain severity at 3 months (β = 0.53; 95% CI = 0.37–0.68) and at 12 months (β = 0.48; 95% CI = 0.29–0.67). Also, pain > 2 years of evolution predicted long term pain severity (β = 0.91; CI95%=0.11–1.71). Baseline pain interference predicted interference at 3 and 12 months (β = 0.27; 95%CI = 0.11–0.43 and β = 0.21; 95%CI = 0.03–0.40, respectively). Baseline pain severity predicted interference at 3 and 12 months (β = 0.26; 95%CI = 0.10–0.42 and β = 0.20; 95%CI = 0.02–0.39, respectively). Pain > 2 years predicted greater severity and greater interference at 12 months (β = 0.91; CI95%=0.11–1.71, and β = 1.23; CI95%=0.41–2.04). Depression severity predicted more interference at 12 months (β = 0.58; CI95%=0.04–1.11). Occupational status as active worker predicted less interference throughout the follow-up (β=-0.74; CI95%=-1.36 to -0.13 and β=-0.96; CI95%=-1.71 to -0.21, at 3 and 12 months). Currently working also predicts less pain severity at 12 months (β=-0.77; CI95%=1.52 − 0.02). With regard to the psychological variables, pain catastrophizing predicted pain severity and interference at three months (β = 0.03; 95% CI = 0.00-0.05 and β = 0.03; 95% CI = 0.00-0.05), but not at long term.

Conclusion

In a sample of adults with chronic pain and depression, this primary care study has identified prognostic factors that independently predict the severity and functional interference of pain. If confirmed in new studies, these factors should be targeted for individualized interventions.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02605278), registered 16/11/2015.
A design of a targeted puncture trajectory applied to unilateral extrapedicular percutaneous vertebroplasty
Authors: Zhang Tao , Deng Yinghu
Published: April 2023

Objective

In this study, we introduced a design of a targeted puncture trajectory applied to unilateral extrapedicular percutaneous vertebroplasty.

Methods

62 individuals with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) were included in this research at the Tongling People’s Hospital, from January 2019 to December 2020. Percutaneous Vertebroplasty (PVP) was performed on all patients using a targeted unilateral extrapedicular puncture technique guided by G-arm fluoroscopy. The operating time, volume and dispersion of bone cement, and cement leak were all evaluated. The oswestry disability index(ODI) and the visual analog scale (VAS) were used to assess pain relief and quality of life (QOL).

Results

The targeted puncture trajectory for unilateral extrapedicular PVP was used to successfully treat a total of 62 fractured vertebrae without any apparent clinical issues. In comparison to their equivalent preoperative values, the VAS and ODI values after surgery were considerably lower (P < 0.01). The bone cement not only could be across the midline of the targeted vertebrae but also appeared in both the bilateral pedicle and the center projection region on the anteroposterior X-ray film, according to radiologic results in all injured vertebrae. There were 3 cases of leakage at the anterior border of the vertebral body and 2 cases of leakage into the intervertebral region without significant clinical manifestations. Furthermore, no bone cement leaked into the vessels or spinal canal.

Conclusion

The design of the targeted puncture trajectory used in unilateral extrapedicular PVP not only ensures that the bone cement injector transcends the midline of the vertebral body, but it also improves the accuracy of the injector arriving at the contralateral pedicle projection area. As a result, this approach can increase well-distributed bone cement diffusion while preventing cement leakage into the spinal canal.
Simplified cloning and isolation of peptides from “sandwiched” SUMO-peptide-intein fusion proteins
Authors: Lamer Tess , Vederas John C.
Published: April 2023

Background

Some peptides are targets for degradation when heterologously expressed as fusion proteins inE. coli, which can limit yields after isolation and purification. We recently reported that peptide degradation may be prevented by production of a “sandwiched” SUMO-peptide-intein (SPI) fusion protein, which protects the target peptide sequence from truncation and improves yield. This initial system required cloning with two commercially available vectors. It used an N-terminal polyhistidine tagged small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) protein and a C-terminal engineeredMycobacterium xenopiiDNA Gyrase A intein with an inserted chitin binding domain (CBD) to create “sandwiched” fusion proteins of the form: His6-SUMO-peptide-intein-CBD. However, the major drawback of this previously reported fusion protein “sandwich” approach is the increased time and number of steps required to complete the cloning and isolation procedures, relative to the simple procedures to produce recombinant peptides inE. colifrom a single (non-“sandwiched”) fusion protein system.

Results

In this work we generate the plasmid pSPIH6, which improves upon the previous system by encoding both the SUMO and intein proteins and allows facile construction of a SPI protein in a single cloning step. Additionally, theMxeGyrA intein encoded in pSPIH6 contains a C-terminal polyhistidine tag, resulting in SPI fusion proteins of the form: His6-SUMO-peptide-intein-CBD-His6. The dual polyhistidine tags greatly simplify isolation procedures compared to the original SPI system, which we have here demonstrated with two linear bacteriocin peptides: leucocin A and lactococcin A. The yields obtained for both peptides after purification were also improved compared to the previous SPI system as a result of this streamlined protocol.

Conclusions

This modified SPI system and its simplified cloning and purification procedures described here may be generally useful as a heterologousE. coliexpression system to obtain pure peptides in high yield, especially when degradation of the target peptide is an issue.
Development and application of a dual ERA method for the detection of Feline Calicivirus and Feline Herpesvirus Type I
Authors: Chen Bo , Zhang Haoyang , Wang Hanhong , Li Shoujun , Zhou Pei
Published: April 2023

Feline calicivirus (FCV) and feline herpesvirus type I (FHV-1) are the most common viral pathogens responsible for cat respiratory diseases, and coinfection with these two pathogens is often found. In veterinary clinics, the main diagnostic methods for FCV and FHV-1 are test strips and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). However, the sensitivity of test strips are not sufficient, and PCR is time-consuming. Therefore, developing a rapid and high-performance clinical diagnostic test is imperative for the prevention and treatment of these diseases. Enzymatic recombinase amplification (ERA) is an automated isothermal nucleic acid amplification technique that maintains a constant temperature, and is both rapid and highly accurate. In this study, a dual ERA method was developed using the Exo probe for a differential detection of FCV and FHV-1. This dual ERA method demonstrated high performance with the detection limit of 101 copies for both viruses, and no cross-reactions with feline parvovirus virus and F81 cells. To test the utility of the method for clinical applications, 50 nasopharyngeal swabs from cats with respiratory symptoms were collected and tested. The positive rates of FCV and FHV-1 were 40% (20/50, 95% confidence interval [CI], 26.4 to 54.8%) and 14% (7/50, 95% CI, 5.8 to 26.7%), respectively. The rate of coinfection with FCV and FHV-1 was 10% (5/50, 95% CI, 3.3 to 21.8%). These results were in agreement with those found using quantitative real-time PCR. Therefore, this dual ERA method is a novel and efficient clinical diagnostic tool for FCV and FHV-1 detection.
Current status and perspectives of interventional clinical trials for brain metastases: analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov
Authors: Tini Paolo , Marampon Francesco , Giraffa Martina , Bucelli Samira , Niyazi Maximilian , Belka Claus , Minniti Giuseppe
Published: April 2023

Background

The management of brain metastases (BM), the major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality, is becoming an emerging area of interest. Surgery, whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT), or stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), have historically been the main focal treatments for BM. However, the introduction of innovative targeted- and immune-based therapies is progressively changing the paradigm of BM treatment, resulting in an increase in clinical trials investigating new therapeutic strategies.

Methods

Using ClinicalTrials.gov, the largest clinical trial registry with over 400,000 registered trials, we performed an analysis of phase II and phase III ongoing trials evaluating different systemic therapies, radiotherapy (RT), and surgery given alone or in combination in patients with BM.

Results

One hundred sixty-eight trials, 133 phase II and 35 phase III; the largest part having primarily the curative treatment of patients with BM from lung cancer, breast cancer and melanoma, were selected. One hundred sixty-three trials used systemic therapies. One hundred thirteen used tyrosine kinase inhibitors, more frequently Osimertinib, Icotinib and Pyrotinib, 50 used monoclonal antibodies, more frequently Trastuzumab, Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab, 20 used conventional chemotherapies whilst no oncological active drugs were used in 6 trials. Ninety-six trials include RT; 54 as exclusive treatment and 42 in combination with systemic therapies.

Conclusion

Systemic targeted- and/or immune-based therapies, combined or not with RT, are increasingly used in the routine of BM treatment. SRS is progressively replacing WBRT. All these trials intend to address multiple questions on the management of patients with BMs, including the recommended upfront treatment for different cancer histologies and the optimal timing between systemic therapies and radiation regarding brain control and neurocognitive outcome and quality of life.
Efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy alone for loco-regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: long-term follow-up analysis
Authors: Xu An-An , Miao Jing-Jing , Wang Lin , Li An-Chuan , Han Fei , Shao Xun-Fan , Mo Zhi-Wen , Huang Shao-Min , Yuan Ya-Wei , Deng Xiao-Wu , Zhao Chong
Published: April 2023

Background

To analysis the clinical outcomes of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) alone based on 10-year results for loco-regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LANPC), so as to provide evidence for individualized treatment strategy and designing appropriate clinical trial for different risk LANPC patients.

Methods

Consecutive patients with stage III-IVa (AJCC/UICC 8th) were enrolled in this study. All patients received radical intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and concurrent cisplatin chemotherapy (CDDP). The hazard ratios (HRs) of death risk in patients with T3N0 was used as baseline, relative HRs were calculated by a Cox proportional hazard model to classify different death risk patients. Survival curves for the time-to-event endpoints were analyzed by the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. All statistical tests were conducted at a two-sided level of significance of 0.05.

Results

A total of 456 eligible patients were included. With 12-year median follow-up, 10-year overall survival (OS) was 76%. 10-year loco-regionally failure-free survival (LR-FFS), distant failure-free survival (D-FFS) and failure-free survival (FFS) were 72%, 73% and 70%, respectively. Based on the relative hazard ratios (HRs) of death risk, LANPC patients were classified into 3 subgroups, low-risk group (T1-2N2 and T3N0-1) contained 244 patients with HR < 2; medium-risk group (T3N2 and T4N0-1) contained 140 patients with HR of 2 – 5; high-risk group (T4N2 and T1-4N3) contained 72 patients with HR > 5. The 10-year OS for patients in low-, medium-, and high-risk group were 86%, 71% and 52%, respectively. Significantly differences of OS rates were found between each of the two groups (low-risk group vs. medium-risk group, P < 0.001; low-risk group vs. high-risk group, P < 0.001; and medium-risk group vs. high-risk group, P = 0.002, respectively). Grade 3–4 late toxicities included deafness/otitis (9%), xerostomia (4%), temporal lobe injury (5%), cranial neuropathy (4%), peripheral neuropathy (2%), soft tissue damage (2%) and trismus (1%).

Conclusions

Our classification criteria demonstrated that significant heterogeneity in death risk among TN substages for LANPC patients. IMRT plus CDDP alone maybe suitable for low-risk LANPC (T1-2N2 or T3N0-1), but not for medium- and high-risk patients. These prognostic groupings provide a practicable anatomic foundation to guide individualized treatment and select optimal targeting in the future clinical trials.
Is the traction table necessary to treat femoral fractures with intramedullary nailing? A meta-analysis
Authors: He Yu-kun , Wang Yi-chong , Li Feng-feng
Published: April 2023

Background

The traction table is generally used in femoral intramedullary nailing surgery. Recently, some published studies have shown that the same or better treatment effects can be gotten without a traction table. It remains no consensus on this issue.

Methods

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guideline was applied in this study. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for eligible studies. The random-effect model was used to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) and risk ratios with 95% CIs. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was performed to verify the results.

Results

The pooled estimates of seven studies, including 266 cases each in the manual traction group and traction table group, indicated that manual traction could shorten operative time [SMD, − 0.77; 95% CI (− 0.98, − 0.55);P < 0.00001] and preoperative set-up time [SMD, − 2.37; 95% CI (− 3.90, − 0.84);P = 0.002], but it would not reduce intraoperative blood loss volume and fluoroscopy time. No statistical difference was found in their fracture healing time, postoperative Harris scores, and malunion rate. The use of a Traction repositor could reduce the set-up time [SMD, − 2.48; 95% CI (− 4.91, − 0.05);P < 0.00001].

Conclusions

Compared with manual traction, the traction table in femoral intramedullary nailing surgery lengthened operative time and preoperative set-up time. At the same time, it did not show significant advantages in reducing blood loss volume and fluoroscopy time, or improving prognosis. In clinical practice, the optimal surgical plan must be made on a case-by-case basis to avoid unnecessary traction table use.
Practical considerations for determination of scapular internal rotation and its relevance in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty planning
Authors: Siegert Paul , Meraner Dominik , Pokorny-Olsen Alexandra , Akgün Doruk , Korn Gundobert , Albrecht Christian , Hofstaetter Jochen G. , Moroder Philipp
Published: April 2023

Background

Scapulothoracic orientation, especially scapular internal rotation (SIR) may influence range of motion in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) and is subjected to body posture. Clinical measurements of SIR rely on apical bony landmarks, which depend on changes in scapulothoracic orientation, while radiographic measurements are often limited by the restricted field of view (FOV) in CT scans. Therefore, the goal of this study was (1) to determine whether the use of CT scans with a limited FOV to measure SIR is reliable and (2) if a clinical measurement could be a valuable alternative.

Methods

This anatomical study analyzed the whole-body CT scans of 100 shoulders in 50 patients (32 male and 18 female) with a mean age of 61.2 ± 20.1 years (range 18; 91). (1) CT scans were rendered into 3D models and SIR was determined as previously described. Results were compared to measurements taken in 2D CT scans with a limited FOV. (2) Three apical bony landmarks were defined: (the angulus acromii (AA), the midpoint between the AA and the coracoid process tip (C) and the acromioclavicular (AC) joint. The scapular axis was determined connecting the trigonum scapulae with these landmarks and referenced to the glenoid center. The measurements were repeated with 0°, 10°, 20°, 30° and 40° anterior scapular tilt.

Results

Mean SIR was 44.8° ± 5.9° and 45.6° ± 6.6° in the 3D and 2D model, respectively (p < 0.371). Mean difference between the measurements was 0.8° ± 2.5° with a maximum of 10.5°. Midpoint AA/C showed no significant difference to the scapular axis at 0° (p = 0.203) as did the AC-joint at 10° anterior scapular tilt (p = 0.949). All other points showed a significant difference from the scapular axis at all degrees of tilt.

Conclusion

2D CT scans are reliable to determine SIR, even if the spine is not depicted. Clinical measurements using apical superficial scapula landmarks are a possible alternative; however, anterior tilt influenced by posture alters measured SIR.
FMRP binds Per1 mRNA and downregulates its protein expression in mice
Authors: Tang Xiangrong , Zhang Jing , Li Xin , Hu Ying , Liu Dengfeng , Li Jia-Da , Lu Renbin
Published: April 2023

FMRP, an RNA-binding protein, has previously shown to be involved in regulation of circadian rhythms in flies and mice. However, the molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here we demonstrate that core circadian component Per1 mRNA was a target of FMRP and the association leads to reduced PER1 expression. In Fmr1 KO mice, the oscillation of PER1 protein expression was significantly affected in a temporal and tissue-dependent pattern when compared to WT mice. Our work thus identified Per1 mRNA as a novel target of FMRP and suggested a potential role of FMRP in regulation of circadian function.
Autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell therapy reverses detrusor underactivity: open clinical trial
Authors: Coelho Henrique Rodrigues Scherer , Neves Silvia Cordeiro das , da Silva Menezes Jovino Nogueira , Antoniolli-Silva Andréia Conceição Milan Brochado , Oliveira Rodrigo Juliano
Published: April 2023

Background

Detrusor underactivity is a disease that can cause chronic urinary tract infection, urinary tract infection, urinary retention and kidney failure and has no effective treatment in traditional medicine. The present research evaluated the effects of cell therapy with adipose tissue-derived stem cells on the treatment of detrusor underactivity in men.

Methods

Nine male patients diagnosed with a clinical and urodynamic diagnosis of detrusor underactivity were evaluated and underwent two transplants via cystourethroscopy, with 2 × 106 cells/transplant, performed by intravesical injection at five points on the bladder body above the vesical trigone.

Results

Cell therapy increased the maximum flow from 7.22 ± 1.58 to 13.56 ± 1.17, increased the mean flow from 3.44 ± 0.74 to 5.89 ± 0.45, increased the urinated volume from 183.67 ± 49.28 to 304.78 ± 40.42 and reduced the residual volume in the uroflowmetry exam from 420.00 ± 191.41 to 118.33 ± 85.51; all of these changes were significant (p < 0.05). There were also significant increases (p < 0.05) in maximum flow (from 7.78 ± 0.76 to 11.56 ± 1.67), maximum detrusor pressure (from 20.22 ± 8.29 to 41.56 ± 5.75), urinary volume (from 244 ± 27.6 to 418.89 ± 32.73) and bladder contractility index (from 44.33 ± 4.85 to 100.56 ± 8.89) in the pressure flow study. Scores on the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire decreased from 11.44 ± 1.43 to 3.78 ± 0.78 after cell therapy, which indicates an improvement in quality of life and a return to daily activities. No complications were observed in the 6-month follow-up after cell therapy. Before treatment, all patients performed approximately five intermittent clean catheterizations daily. After cell therapy, 7/9 patients (77.78%) did not need catheterizations, and the number of catheterizations for 2/9 patients (22.28%) was reduced to two catheterizations/day.

Conclusions

The results indicate that stem cell therapy led to improvements in voiding function. Cell therapy with adipose tissue-derived stem cells is safe and should be considered a new therapeutic option for the treatment of detrusor underactivity.

Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN23909398; Registered 15 March 2021—Retrospectively registered, https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN23909398
Global strong solutions of 3D compressible isothermal magnetohydrodynamics
Authors: Zhang Mingyu
Published: April 2023

This paper establishes the global existence of strong solutions for the three-dimensional compressible isothermal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flows. It is essentially shown that for the regular data with small energy but possible large oscillations, the global well-posedness of strong solutions is established.
Unique iterative solution for high-order nonlinear fractional q-difference equation based on $\psi -(h,r)$-concave operators
Authors: Wang Jufang , Wang Si , Yu Changlong
Published: April 2023

An objective of this paper is to investigate the boundary value problem of a high-order nonlinear fractional q-difference equation. It was to obtain a unique iterative solution for this problem by means of applying a novel fixed-point theorem of $\psi -(h,r)$
ψ
−
(
h
,
r
)
-concave operator, in which the operator is increasing and defined in ordered sets. Moreover, we construct a monotone explicit iterative scheme to approximate the unique solution. Finally, we give an example to illustrate the use of the main result.
Numerical solution of system of second-order integro-differential equations using nonclassical sinc collocation method
Authors: Ghasemi Mohammad , Mohammadi Keivan , Alipanah Amjad
Published: April 2023

In this paper, a nonclassical sinc collocation method is constructed for the numerical solution of systems of second-order integro-differential equations of the Volterra and Fredholm types. The novelty of the approach is based on using the new nonclassical weight function for sinc method instead of the classic ones. The sinc collocation method based on nonclassical weight functions is used to reduce the system of integro-differential equations to a system of algebraic equations. Furthermore, the convergence of the method is proposed theoretically, showing that the method converges exponentially. By solving some examples, including problems with a non-smooth solution, the results are compared with other existing results to demonstrate the efficiency of the new method.
The furosemide stress test predicts the timing of continuous renal replacement therapy initiation in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury: a double-blind prospective intervention cohort study
Authors: Zhang Kun , Zhang Haohua , Zhao Chai , Hu Zhenjie , Shang Jiuyan , Chen Yuhong , Huo Yan , Zhao Congcong , Li Bin , Guo Suzhi ,   the Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention
Published: April 2023

Background

Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) remains a crucial treatment for critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI), although the timing of its initiation is still a matter of contention. Furosemide stress testing (FST) may be a practical and beneficial prediction instrument. This research was meant to examine if FST can be used to identify high-risk patients for CRRT.

Methods

This study is a double-blind, prospective interventional cohort study. For patients with AKI receiving intensive care unit (ICU) income, FST was selected with furosemide 1 mg/kg intravenous (1.5 mg/kg intravenous if a loop diuretic was received within 7 days). Urinary volume more than 200 ml at 2 h after FST was FST-responsive, less than 200 ml was FST-nonresponsive. The FST results are kept strictly confidential from the clinician, who decides whether to initiate CRRT based on laboratory testing and clinical symptoms other than the FST data. The FST data are concealed from both the patients and the clinician.

Results

FST was delivered to 187 of 241 patients who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria, with 48 patients responding to the test and 139 patients not responding. 18/48 (37.5%) of the FST-responsive patients received CRRT, while 124/139 (89.2%) of the FST-nonresponsive patients received CRRT. There was no significant difference between the CRRT and non-CRRT groups in terms of general health and medical history (P > 0.05). Urine volume after 2 h of FST was considerably lower in the CRRT group than in the non-CRRT group (35 ml, IQR5-143.75 versus 400 ml, IQR210-890; P = 0.000). FST non-responders were 2.379 times more likely to initiate CRRT than FST responders (95% CI 1.644–3.443, P = 0.000). The area under the curve (AUC) for initiating CRRT was 0.966 (cutoff of 156 ml, sensitivity of 94.85%, specificity of 98.04%, P < 0.001).

Conclusion

This study demonstrated that FST is a safe and practical approach for predicting the initiation of CRRT in critically ill AKI patients.

Trial registrationwww.chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR1800015734, Registered 17 April 2018.
Patient Information Resources on Cardiovascular Health After Cancer Treatment: An Audit of Australian Resources
Authors: Diaz Abbey , McErlane Jorja , Jeon Mi Hye , Cunningham Joan , Sullivan Victoria , Garvey Gail
Published: April 2023

PURPOSE

Up to one third of patients with cancer are thought to experience adverse cardiovascular events after their cancer diagnosis and treatment. High-quality information about cancer treatment-related cardiovascular disease can prepare patients and reduce anxiety. The aim of this project was to systematically identify Australian online information resources about cardiovascular health after cancer and assess the readability, understandability, actionability, and cultural relevance for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander patients.

METHODS

We conducted systematic Google and website searches to identify potentially relevant resources. Eligibility was assessed using predefined criteria. For each eligible resource, we summarized the content and assessed readability, understandability, actionability, and cultural relevance for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.

RESULTS

Seventeen online resources addressing cardiovascular health after cancer were identified: three focused solely on cardiovascular health and the remaining 14 dedicated between <1% and 48% of the word count to this topic. On average, three of 12 predefined content areas were covered by the resources. Only one resource was considered comprehensive, covering eight of 12 content areas. Overall, 18% of the resources were deemed readable for the average Australian adult, 41% deemed understandable, and only 24% had moderate actionability. None of the resources were considered culturally relevant for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, with 41% addressing only one of the seven possible criteria and the remainder addressing none of the criteria.

CONCLUSION

This audit confirms a gap in online information resources about cardiovascular health after cancer. New resources, especially for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, are needed. The development of such resources must be done through involvement and collaboration with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander patients, families, and carers, through a codesign process.
Overall Survival and Updated Results for Sunitinib Compared With Interferon Alfa in Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Motzer Robert J. , Hutson Thomas E. , Tomczak Piotr , Michaelson M. Dror , Bukowski Ronald M. , Oudard Stéphane , Negrier Sylvie , Szczylik Cezary , Pili Roberto , Bjarnason Georg A. , Garcia-del-Muro Xavier , Sosman Jeffrey A. , Solska Ewa , Wilding George , Thompson John A. , Kim Sindy T. , Chen Isan , Huang Xin , Figlin Robert A.
Published: April 2023

Purpose

A randomized, phase III trial demonstrated superiority of sunitinib over interferon alfa (IFN-α) in progression-free survival (primary end point) as first-line treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Final survival analyses and updated results are reported.

Patients and Methods

Seven hundred fifty treatment-naïve patients with metastatic clear cell RCC were randomly assigned to sunitinib 50 mg orally once daily on a 4 weeks on, 2 weeks off dosing schedule or to IFN-α 9 MU subcutaneously thrice weekly. Overall survival was compared by two-sided log-rank and Wilcoxon tests. Progression-free survival, response, and safety end points were assessed with updated follow-up.

Results

Median overall survival was greater in the sunitinib group than in the IFN-α group (26.4 v 21.8 months, respectively; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.821; 95% CI, 0.673 to 1.001; P = .051) per the primary analysis of unstratified log-rank test ( P = .013 per unstratified Wilcoxon test). By stratified log-rank test, the HR was 0.818 (95% CI, 0.669 to 0.999; P = .049). Within the IFN-α group, 33% of patients received sunitinib, and 32% received other vascular endothelial growth factor–signaling inhibitors after discontinuation from the trial. Median progression-free survival was 11 months for sunitinib compared with 5 months for IFN-α ( P < .001). Objective response rate was 47% for sunitinib compared with 12% for IFN-α ( P < .001). The most commonly reported sunitinib-related grade 3 adverse events included hypertension (12%), fatigue (11%), diarrhea (9%), and hand-foot syndrome (9%).

Conclusion

Sunitinib demonstrates longer overall survival compared with IFN-α plus improvement in response and progression-free survival in the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic RCC. The overall survival highlights an improved prognosis in patients with RCC in the era of targeted therapy.
Bone Marrow Adiposity and Fragility Fractures in Postmenopausal Women: The ADIMOS Case-Control Study
Authors: Paccou Julien , Badr Sammy , Lombardo Daniela , Khizindar Huda , Deken Valérie , Ruschke Stefan , Karampinos Dimitrios C , Cotten Anne , Cortet Bernard
Published: April 2023

Context

Noninvasive assessment of proton density fat fraction (PDFF) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may improve the prediction of fractures.

Objective

This work aimed to determine if an association exists between PDFF and fractures.

Methods

A case-control study was conducted at Lille University Hospital, Lille, France, with 2 groups of postmenopausal women: one with recent osteoporotic fractures, and the other with no fractures. Lumbar spine and proximal femur (femoral head, neck, and diaphysis) PDFF were determined using chemical shift-based water-fat separation MRI (WFI) and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scans of the lumbar spine and hip. Our primary objective was to determine the relationship between lumbar spine PDFF and osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women. Analysis of covariance was used to compare PDFF measurements between patient cases (overall and according to the type of fracture) and controls, after adjusting for age, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) and BMD.

Results

In 199 participants, controls (n = 99) were significantly younger (P < .001) and had significantly higher BMD (P < 0.001 for all sites) than patient cases (n = 100). A total of 52 women with clinical vertebral fractures and 48 with nonvertebral fractures were included. When PDFFs in patient cases and controls were compared, after adjustment on age, CCI, and BMD, no statistically significant differences between the groups were found at the lumbar spine or proximal femur. When PDFFs in participants with clinical vertebral fractures (n = 52) and controls were compared, femoral neck PDFF and femoral diaphysis PDFF were detected to be lower in participants with clinical vertebral fractures than in controls (adjusted mean [SE] 79.3% [1.2] vs 83.0% [0.8]; P = 0.020, and 77.7% [1.4] vs 81.6% [0.9]; P = 0.029, respectively).

Conclusion

No difference in lumbar spine PDFF was found between those with osteoporotic fractures and controls. However, imaging-based proximal femur PDFF may discriminate between postmenopausal women with and without clinical vertebral fractures, independently of age, CCI, and BMD.
Trapped in Text
Authors: Loo Tze M.
Published: April 2023

This article situates the discourses produced during an anti–yuta shaman campaign in 1913 within a longer trajectory of the changing position of Okinawa's female ritualists following Japan's formal colonization of Okinawa. Women have historically dominated Okinawa's ritual world as its practitioners, but their power and position were less certain by the 1940s. Examining the arguments produced in newspaper articles and by the prominent Okinawan intellectual Iha Fuyū in 1913, this article argues that the campaign contributed to the erosion of these women's position by introducing new ways of thinking that called their relevance to Okinawan society into question.
Efficacy and safety of percutaneous microwave ablation for adenomyosis in the posterior uterine wall
Authors: Zhang Hui-Li , Yu Song-Yuan , Li Xiao-Long , Zhu Jing-E , Li Jia-Xin , Sun Li-Ping , Xu Hui-Xiong
Published: April 2023

Objective:

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous microwave ablation (PMWA) for treating adenomyosis in the posterior uterine wall.

Methods:

Thirty-six patients with symptomatic adenomyosis in the posterior uterine wall who had been subjected to PMWA were retrospectively enrolled in this study. 20 patients who had no ideal transabdominal puncture path due to the retroverted or retroflexed uterine position were treated with PMWA combined with Yu’s uteropexy (Group 1). The other 16 patients were treated with PMWA only (Group 2). The non-perfused volume (NPV) ratio, symptomatic relief rate, recurrence rate, changes in clinical symptom scores, economic cost, and complications were compared.

Results:

The mean NPV ratio for the 36 patients was 90.2±18.3%, and the percentage of patients who obtained complete relief of dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia was 81.3% (26/32), and 69.6% (16/23) respectively. The recurrence rate was 11.1% (4/36). No major complication was observed. Minor complications included lower abdominal pain, fever, vaginal discharge, nausea, and/or vomiting after ablation, with incidences of 55.6%, 41.7%, 47.2%, and 19.4% respectively. Subgroup analysis showed no significant difference in the median value of NPV ratio, symptomatic relief rate of dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia, changes in clinical symptom scores, recurrence rate and economic cost between the two groups (all p > 0.05).

Conclusion:

PMWA is an effective and safe treatment for adenomyosis in the posterior uterine wall.

Advances in knowledge:

This study focused on the ultrasound-guided PMWA treatment for adenomyosis in the posterior uterine wall. Yu’s uteropexy, a new ancillary technique allowing safe PMWA for deep posterior uterine wall lesions in retroverted uterus, expanded the indications of PMWA for symptomatic adenomyosis.
Inserção de economistas no Campo de Públicas no Brasil: Trajetória acadêmica, ensino e pesquisa
Authors: Valentin Agnaldo , Mountian André Gal , Rocha Machado João Guilherme
Published: April 2023

O Campo de Públicas no Brasil tem caráter multidisciplinar e potencialmente interdisciplinar. A economia é citada como um de seus componentes, ao lado da administração pública, da ciência política e de outras áreas do conhecimento. O objetivo deste artigo é compreender a inserção de economistas no Campo de Públicas no Brasil. Para tanto, foi realizado um levantamento exaustivo da trajetória acadêmica de docentes economistas que atuam no campo, das disciplinas de Economia nas grades curriculares e dos artigos publicados em revistas classificadas no Qualis da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes) e em anais de congressos. Os resultados indicam que economistas têm participação relevante nas instituições de ensino superior e em nível superior ao mínimo necessário para o ensino das disciplinas de Economia. Além disso, o levantamento permitiu identificar que economistas com formação interdisciplinar possuem maior inserção no Campo de Públicas do que economistas com formação disciplinar, na medida em que publicam seus artigos em revistas e congressos com centralidade em políticas públicas.
A pesquisa aplicada pautando o processo decisório em políticas públicas: A experiência da escola nacional de administração pública
Authors: Palotti Pedro Lucas de Moura , Marra Carolina Alves , Camões Marizaura Reis de Souza , Souza Pedro Masson Sesconetto
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo compreender o processo de aplicação de estratégias de evidence-based policymakingno ensino da administração pública no Brasil. O estudo centra-se no papel exercido pelas escolas de governo como instituições de ensino e pesquisa aplicados. A partir do estudo de caso da trajetória recente da Escola Nacional de Administração Pública (Enap), observa-se que a produção de evidências para as políticas públicas e a ponte entre ensino e serviço púlico são elementos centrais da atuação de escolas de governo, contribuindo para que os programas de aprendizagem permaneçam relevantes e atualizados com as tendências sociais e econômicas, bem como políticas emergentes e prioridades do governo.
Benefit of Asian pigmented rice bioactive compound and its implication in breast cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Nafisah Wirdatun , Nugraha Alexander Patera , Nugroho Aditya , Sakinah Andi Isti , Nusantara Duano Sapta , Philia John , Iqbal Kurniawinata Mohammad , Aini Wirdatul , Herlina Vika Tresnadiana , Noor Tengku Natasha Eleena binti Tengku Ahmad
Published: April 2023

Background: Utilizing the bioactive compounds found in pigmented rice might significantly reduce the risk of breast cancer. This study aims to systematically review existing literature on the benefit of Asian pigmented rice bioactive compounds and their implication in breast cancer.

Methods: Searches of the literature were conducted in two databases (Scopus and PubMed) for a systematic review. The keywords resulted in a total of 407 articles, consisting of 103 PubMed and 304 Scopus articles. 32 manuscripts were excluded because the article was over 10 years old. After excluding book chapters and non-English languages, we had 278 potential articles to be reviewed. After checking and screening the title and abstract and eliminating duplicate articles, then 66 articles were obtained. After the selection and elimination of the full-text manuscripts, finally 10 of them which met the inclusion criteria.

Result: The included studies in this review were entirely based in Asia. The year of publication ranged from 2013 to 2020. Half of included studies used black rice extract, two used red jasmine rice extracts, and three used Korean rice extracts (black, red, dark purple and brown rice). All studies were conducted in vitro and three studies were compared with in vivo tests on female mice. The pigmented rice is mainly black, red, and dark purple rice, and contains a variety of peonidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-glucoside, γ-oryzanol, γ-tocotrienol, proanthocyanidin, cinnamic acid, and anthocyanins that may act as  pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative, and anti-metastasis of the breast cancer cells.

Conclusion: Pigmented  rice  is a beneficial  food  which possessed bioactive  compounds  that may have significant potential concerning a breast cancer.