bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is business news starting to bark? How business news covers corporate social responsibility post the economic crisis
Authors: Furey Lauren D , Cho Moonhee , Mohr Tiffany L
Published: September 2017

This study seeks to give a timely perspective on understanding how business news covers corporate social responsibility in light of heavy criticism financial journalists have faced since the latest economic depression in the United States. Building upon previous research and using agenda setting, framing, and agenda building as a theoretical base, a content analysis was conducted to examine how business news portrays corporate social responsibility and the tone used in coverage both before and after the economic crisis. Results indicated that business journalists are now taking a more neutral approach. Additionally, corporate sources did not lead to an increased use of a positive tone in post-crisis coverage, which could mean they are less likely to have an agenda-building influence over business news since the economic downturn.
Experimental evaluation of sensitivity of low-temperature combustion to intake charge temperature and fuel properties
Authors: Singh Akhilendra Pratap , Agarwal Avinash Kumar
Published: September 2017

Main challenge for mineral diesel in achieving low-temperature combustion is its poor volatility characteristics, which results in relatively inferior fuel–air mixtures. In this experimental study, feasibility of mineral diesel–fueled premixed homogeneous charge compression ignition (PHCCI) combustion was explored by employing an external charge preparation technique. An external mixing device called “fuel vaporizer” was developed for improving the fuel–air mixing. To investigate the effect of fuel properties on PHCCI combustion, this study was carried out using a variety of additives blended with mineral diesel, which included low-quality high-volatile fuel (kerosene), low-cetane high-volatile fuels (ethanol and gasoline) and high-cetane low-volatile fuel (biodiesel). To investigate the effects of intake charge temperature (Ti), experiments were performed at three Tis (160, 180 and 200 °C) and six different relative air–fuel ratios (λ = 1.5–5.25). In all experiments, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate was maintained constant at 10%. Experimental results showed that combustion phasing was significantly affected by the fuel properties and Ti. At lower engine loads, volatile additives improved start of combustion, combustion phasing and heat release rate; however, excessive knocking was seen at higher engine loads. Diesoline (15% v/v gasoline with mineral diesel) and diesosene (15% v/v kerosene with mineral diesel) showed significant improvement in engine performance characteristics, while B20 (20% v/v soybean biodiesel with mineral diesel) delivered relatively higher indicated specific fuel consumption (ISFC). Increasing Ti affected fuel–air mixing, which resulted in slightly lower carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, but higher Ti led to excessive knocking and resulted in slightly higher oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions. Addition of volatiles reduced particulate emissions; however, increasing Ti led to slightly higher particulate emissions. Presence of significant number of nanoparticles during combustion of B20 was another important finding of this study. Overall, it was concluded that addition of volatile additives such as gasoline, alcohols and kerosene, in addition to optimized Ti can improve mineral diesel–fueled PHCCI combustion and can lead to potentially expanded operating window.
In-cycle combustion feedback control for abnormal combustion based on digital ion current signal
Authors: Liu Yintong , Deng Jun , Hu Zongjie , Li Liguang
Published: September 2017

For better stability of ion current employed for in-cycle combustion diagnosis and feedback control, this research develops a digital post-processing unit for in-cylinder ion current signals. Based on the processed digital ion current signal, abnormal combustion in gasoline direct injection engine is successfully detected, and the in-cycle remedy feedback control is achieved as well. Both re-ignition and re-injection are utilized for misfiring remedy, and only re-injection is employed for knocking inhibition. The accuracy of misfiring diagnosis is achieved no less than 94%, and the re-injection combined with re-ignition operation is shown to be feasible for misfiring remedy as well. The accuracy of knocking diagnosis is around 85% (knocking rate = 20%). The re-injection under the pre-knocking condition is shown to be effective for knocking inhibition.
A bibliometric view on the internationalization of European educational research
Authors: Aman Valeria , Botte Alexander
Published: September 2017

Is there a trend towards internationalization of educational research in Europe? Educational research is said to follow a tradition of nationally oriented studies and interventions supported by a national publication culture. Publications are a suitable source of empirical analysis of research output, as they reflect results, emergence and impact of research. This study focuses on publication based bibliometric indicators, which represent measurable characteristics of international orientation of research publications and which can be surveyed in time course. Being aware that the Web of Science (WoS) databases cover a crucial but rather limited proportion of the worldwide educational research output, this study provides bibliometric insights into the development of national publication outputs in educational research in the WoS and what idiosyncrasies are revealed for European countries, into the role of English as a publication language, into the trend towards transnational co-authorship as an indicator of international cooperation, and into citation frequencies as a measurement of research communication or research impact.
Hemodynamic and Anatomic Predictors of Renovisceral Stent-Graft Occlusion Following Chimney Endovascular Repair of Juxtarenal Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: Tricarico Rosamaria , He Yong , Laquian Liza , Scali Salvatore T. , Tran-Son-Tay Roger , Beck Adam W. , Berceli Scott A.
Published: September 2017

Purpose: To identify anatomic and hemodynamic changes associated with impending visceral chimney stent-graft occlusion after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) with the chimney technique (chEVAR). Methods: A retrospective evaluation was performed of computed tomography scans from 41 patients who underwent juxtarenal chEVAR from 2008 to 2012 to identify stent-grafts demonstrating conformational changes following initial placement. Six subjects (mean age 74 years; 3 men) were selected for detailed reconstruction and computational hemodynamic analysis; 4 had at least 1 occluded chimney stent-graft. This subset of repairs was systematically analyzed to define the anatomic and hemodynamic impact of these changes and identify signature patterns associated with impending renovisceral stent-graft occlusion. Spatial and temporal analyses of cross-sectional area, centerline angle, intraluminal pressure, and wall shear stress (WSS) were performed within the superior mesenteric and renal artery chimney grafts used for repair. Results: Conformational changes in the chimney stent-grafts and associated perturbations, in both local WSS and pressure, were responsible for the 5 occlusions in the 13 stented branches. Anatomic and hemodynamic signatures leading to occlusion were identified within 1 month postoperatively, with a lumen area <14 mm2 (p=0.04), systolic pressure gradient >25 Pa/mm (p=0.03), and systolic WSS >45 Pa (p=0.03) associated with future chimney stent-graft occlusion. Conclusion: Chimney stent-grafts at increased risk for occlusion demonstrated anatomic and hemodynamic signatures within 1 month of juxtarenal chEVAR. Analysis of these parameters in the early postoperative period may be useful for identifying and remediating these high-risk stent-grafts.
Advanced glycation end products interfere in luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone signaling in human granulosa KGN cells
Authors: Kandaraki Eleni A , Chatzigeorgiou Antonios , Papageorgiou Efstathia , Piperi Christina , Adamopoulos Christos , Papavassiliou Athanasios G , Koutsilieris Michael , Diamanti-Kandarakis Evanthia
Published: September 2017

Advanced glycation end products accumulate in the ovarian granulosa-cell layer of women with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Taken that the MAPK/ERK-pathway is a key regulator of oocyte maturation and function, consisting the main pathway used by the gonadotrophic hormones (luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone) to control ovulation, the present study aims to assess advanced glycation end products' interference into luteinizing hormone-and follicle stimulating hormone-signaling via the MAPK/ERK-pathway in the human granulosa KGN cell line. KGN cells were treated with luteinizing hormone or follicle stimulating hormone in the absence or presence of human glycated albumin. The specific activation of the main components of the MAPK/ERK1/2-pathway (namely c-Raf, MEK and ERK1/2) was assessed. Treatment of KGN cells with an MEK1/2-inhibitor or a blocking anti-RAGE-antibody was also performed to shed further light on the mechanism of the involvement of advanced glycation end products in luteinizing hormone and/or follicle stimulating hormone-related signaling pathways. Luteinizing hormone treatment increased p-ERK1/2 levels in human granulosa cells, while the combined treatment of luteinizing hormone and human glycated albumin provoked a decrease of p-ERK1/2 levels. A similar reducing effect was also observed for the upstream molecule phospho-cRaf upon combined treatment, while treatment with an MEK-inhibitor confirmed that the phenomenon is MAPK/ERK-pathway-dependent. Similarly, follicle stimulating hormone treatment increased p-ERK1/2 and p-MEK1/2 levels, while the combined treatment of follicle stimulating hormone and human glycated albumin downregulated their levels. Advanced glycation end products reduce the luteinizing hormone- and follicle stimulating hormone-induced ERK1/2 activation that is critical for granulosa cell mitogenesis and proliferation. Inappropriate activation of ERK1/2 in granulosa cells may block the granulosa cell differentiation pathway and/or impair follicular responses to hormones, potentially leading to ovulation failure that characterizes polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Intraoperative Gutter Leaks That Merit Our Attention
Authors: Tanious Adam , Wooster Mathew , Giarelli Marcelo , Armstrong Paul A. , Back Martin R. , Shames Murray L.
Published: September 2017

Introduction:

The natural history and potential morbidity of gutter endoleaks are unclear. We present our experience with intraoperative gutter endoleaks and strategies to determine which of these require intervention.

Methods:

This is a retrospective review of all patients treated with parallel stent grafts from January 2010 to September 2015. We reviewed all operative records and intraoperative angiograms as well as all postoperative imaging and secondary interventions. All gutter leaks were classified as low-flow/nonsac-enhancing gutter endoleaks or high-flow/sac-enhancing gutter endoleaks. Adjunctive interventions to manage the gutter leaks were noted, as were all subsequent interventions for gutter leak and endoleak management.

Results:

Seventy-eight patients had 144 parallel stents placed over a 5-year period with an average of 1.8 stents per patient. Twenty-eight patients (36%) had gutter endoleaks diagnosed intraoperatively. Seventeen patients had adjunctive procedures to reduce gutter leaks prior to leaving the operating room (OR). Patients selected for treatment had gutters filling early during completion angiography and/or contrast enhancement of the aneurysm sac. Twenty-two patients (28%) left the OR with low-flow/delayed/nonsac-enhancing gutter endoleaks. At 30 days, a total of 6 persistent gutter endoleaks were diagnosed on computed tomographic angiography. This gives a 73% rate of resolution for low-flow/nonaneurysm sac-enhancing endoleaks. There were 2 de novo endoleaks not detected at the index procedure diagnosed at 6-month follow-up. Of the 8 total postoperative endoleaks, 5 required additional intervention with a 100% success rate. Multivariate analysis revealed that the only significant predictor of having a postoperative endoleak is leaving the OR with an endoleak.

Conclusions:

Intraoperative treatment of gutter endoleaks has an acceptable rate of resolution. It does have a high rate of converting high-flow endoleaks to low-flow endoleaks. Low-flow/nonsac-enhancing gutter endoleaks have a high rate of spontaneous resolution. Intraoperative gutter endoleaks are not predictive of future aneurysm sac growth.
Multi-morbidity: A patient perspective on navigating the health care system and everyday life
Authors: Ørtenblad Lisbeth , Meillier Lucette , Jønsson Alexandra R
Published: September 2017

Objective

The importance of everyday life when managing the burden of treatment is rarely studied. This article explores the burden of treatment among people with multi-morbidity by investigating the tension between everyday life and the health care system.

Method

This was an ethnographic study using individual interviews and participant-observations. An inductive analytical approach was applied, moving from observations and results to broader generalisations.

Results

People with multi-morbidity experience dilemmas related to their individual priorities in everyday life and the management of their treatment burdens. Dilemmas were identified within three domains: family and social life; work life; agendas and set goals in appointments with health professionals. Individual resources and priorities in everyday life play a dominant role in resolving dilemmas and navigating the tension between everyday life and the health care system.

Discussion

People with multi-morbidity are seldom supported by health professionals in resolving the dilemmas they must face. This study suggests an increased focus on patient-centredness and argues in favour of planning health care through cooperation between health professionals and people with multi-morbidity in a way that integrates both health and everyday life priorities.
Viral and parasitic pathogen burden and the association with stroke in a population-based cohort
Authors: Pearce Brad D , Bracher Anna , Jones Jeffrey L , Kruszon-Moran Deanna
Published: September 2017

Background

Higher cumulative burden of viral and bacterial pathogens may increase the risk of stroke, but the contribution of parasitic infections in relation to cumulative pathogen burden and risk of stroke has rarely been examined.

Aim

To estimate the association of multiple persistent viral and parasitic infections with stroke in a representative sample of adults in the United States.

Methods

Serological evidence of prior infection was categorized as positive for 0–1, 2, 3, or 4–5 infections based on immunoglobulin G seropositivity to cytomegalovirus, hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, Toxoplasma gondii, and Toxocara spp. in 13,904 respondents from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III. Regression analysis was used to estimate the cross-sectional association between serological evidence of prior infection and history of stroke adjusting for demographic risk factors, and potential mediators of stroke.

Results

Age-adjusted models that included serological evidence of prior infection to cytomegalovirus, hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, Toxoplasma gondii, and Toxocara spp. showed that adults in the highest serological evidence of prior infection category (4–5 infections) had a higher prevalence of stroke (5.50%, 95% confidence interval 2.44–10.46%) than those in the lowest serological evidence of prior infection categories (1.49%, 95% confidence interval 1.01–2.11%), and a trend test suggested a graded association between serological evidence of prior infection and stroke ( p = 0.02). In multivariable logistic regression models, the positive association of serological evidence of prior infection with stroke prevalence remained significant after adjustment for other significant risk factors (odds ratio = 1.4, p = 0.01) but was only significant among those aged 20–59 (odds ratio = 2.0, p = 0.005) and not among those aged 60–69 ( p = 0.78) or 70 and older ( p = 0.43).

Conclusion

We found support for a connection between serological evidence of prior infection to cytomegalovirus, hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, Toxoplasma gondii, and Toxocara spp. and stroke among those aged 20–59. There may be a need to consider common parasitic infections in addition to viral and bacterial pathogens when calculating serological evidence of prior infection in relation to cerebrovascular disease.
Out of the frying pan and into the fire: damage-associated molecular patterns and cardiovascular toxicity following cancer therapy
Authors: Klee Nicole S. , McCarthy Cameron G. , Martinez-Quinones Patricia , Webb R. Clinton
Published: September 2017

Cardio-oncology is a new and rapidly expanding field that merges cancer and cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease is an omnipresent side effect of cancer therapy; in fact, it is the second leading cause of death in cancer survivors after recurrent cancer. It has been well documented that many cancer chemotherapeutic agents cause cardiovascular toxicity. Nonetheless, the underlying cause of cancer therapy-induced cardiovascular toxicity is largely unknown. In this review, we discuss the potential role of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) as an underlying contributor to cancer therapy-induced cardiovascular toxicity. With an increasing number of cancer patients, as well as extended life expectancy, understanding the mechanisms underlying cancer therapy-induced cardiovascular disease is of the utmost importance to ensure that cancer is the only disease burden that cancer survivors have to endure.
Urinary catheterisation: Indications, technique and managing failure
Authors: Ahluwalia Aashish , Rossiter Daniel , Menezes Pravin
Published: September 2017

Urinary catheterisation is a common procedure in clinical practice. Patients with urinary catheters, or those who require urinary catheterisation, will be encountered by all clinicians. It is important for GPs to understand the indications for urinary catheterisation, its management and associated complications, as well as when to refer for urological intervention. The technique for urinary catheterisation is also highlighted with information on catheterisation in the community.
Standing in the Gaps: Examining the Effects of Early Gifted Education on Black Girl Achievement in STEM
Authors: Young Jemimah L. , Young Jamaal R. , Ford Donna Y.
Published: September 2017

The purpose of this study was to explore the differential effects of access to gifted education on the mathematics and science achievement of fourth-grade Black girls. This study utilized mean difference effect sizes to examine the magnitude of differences between groups. By convention, White girls were included as a comparison group. Girls receiving gifted instruction and girls not receiving gifted instruction were the populations of interest ( N = 13,868). The mathematics results suggest that Black girls participating in gifted education statistically significantly outperform Black girls in the comparison group. The mean difference effect sizes for within-group differences were almost twice as large for Black girls compared with White girls. The science results indicate that Black girls receiving gifted instruction outperformed Black girls in the comparison group. White girls, regardless of access to gifted instruction, statistically significantly outperformed Black girls in science. These results inform the recommendations provided.
The Influence of Personality, Parenting Styles, and Perfectionism on Performance Goal Orientation in High Ability Students
Authors: Miller Angie L. , Speirs Neumeister Kristie L.
Published: September 2017

The current study explores relationships among gender, perceived parenting style, the personality traits of conscientiousness and neuroticism, perfectionism, and achievement goal orientation in a high ability and high achieving young adult population. Using data from Honors College students at a Midwestern university, a path model suggests that neuroticism and conscientiousness are positively related to self-oriented perfectionism, whereas neuroticism and authoritarian parenting style are positively related to socially prescribed perfectionism. In addition, both self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism are positively related to performance goal orientation. However, personality traits and parenting style did not have significant relationships with performance goal orientation in the model. Potential reasons for these findings, along with educational implications and suggestions for future research, are discussed.
Hemispheric asymmetries in dorsal language pathway white-matter tracts: A magnetic resonance imaging tractography and functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Silva Guilherme , Citterio Alberto
Published: September 2017

Introduction

Previous studies have shown that the arcuate fasciculus has a leftward asymmetry in right-handers that could be correlated with the language lateralisation defined by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Nonetheless, information about the asymmetry of the other fibres that constitute the dorsal language pathway is scarce.

Objectives

This study investigated the asymmetry of the white-matter tracts involved in the dorsal language pathway through the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) technique, in relation to language hemispheric dominance determined by task-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Methods

We selected 11 patients (10 right-handed) who had been studied with task-dependent fMRI for language areas and DTI and who had no language impairment or structural abnormalities that could compromise magnetic resonance tractography of the fibres involved in the dorsal language pathway. Laterality indices (LI) for fMRI and for the volumes of each tract were calculated.

Results

In fMRI, all the right-handers had left hemispheric lateralisation, and the ambidextrous subject presented right hemispheric dominance. The arcuate fasciculus LI was strongly correlated with fMRI LI ( r = 0.739, p = 0.009), presenting the same lateralisation of fMRI in seven subjects (including the right hemispheric dominant). It was not asymmetric in three cases and had opposite lateralisation in one case. The other tracts presented predominance for rightward lateralisation, especially superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) II/III (nine subjects), but their LI did not correlate (directly or inversely) with fMRI LI.

Conclusion

The fibres that constitute the dorsal language pathway have an asymmetric distribution in the cerebral hemispheres. Only the asymmetry of the arcuate fasciculus is correlated with fMRI language lateralisation.
Use of mobile social apps for public communication in China: Gratifications as antecedents of reposting articles from WeChat public accounts
Authors: Wei Ran , Huang Jinghua , Zheng Pei
Published: September 2017

Mobile social networking apps, which offer a real-time platform for creating, sharing, and chatting, showcase the integration of mobile telephony and Web 2.0 technologies. Thanks to its thriving user-created public accounts, WeChat, a globally popular mobile social media app based in China, has become a digital source of news and information. Informed by the uses and gratifications framework, the present study examines predictors of reposting articles from WeChat public accounts and subscribing to these accounts. Findings show that use of WeChat for public communication is extensive. Predictors of such behavior include mass media and Internet use. Also, perceived credibility of WeChat is a significant predictor. With demographic and media use variables being controlled, two gratifications of WeChat (i.e., dependence on WeChat for information and mobile connectedness with one’s circles) were found to be the strongest predictors of reposting articles on WeChat public accounts. The theoretical implications of information mobility for changing China’s status quo in media environments are discussed.
Neonatal Enterovirus Myocarditis With Severe Dystrophic Calcification: Novel Treatment With Pocapavir
Authors: Wittekind Samuel G. , Allen Catherine C. , Jefferies John L. , Rattan Mantosh S. , Madueme Peace C. , Taylor BreAnn N. , Moore Ryan A.
Published: September 2017

Dystrophic myocardial calcification occurs in the setting of myocardial injury and normal serum calcium. We present a case of a neonate with prominent dystrophic calcification and severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction in the setting of enterovirus myocarditis. These findings are superbly illustrated by multiple imaging modalities. The patient was treated with the novel antiviral, pocapavir, in addition to a standard heart failure regimen. The dystrophic calcification persisted but the left ventricle remodeled significantly. To our knowledge, this is the first reported use of pocapavir for this indication. The literature regarding enterovirus myocarditis and pocapavir is briefly reviewed.
Clostridium tertium Peritonitis and Concurrent Bacteremia in a Patient With a History of Alcoholic Cirrhosis
Authors: Sutton S. Scott , Jumper Mark , Shah Ansal , Edun Babatunde
Published: September 2017

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a recognized cause of morbidity and mortality in cirrhotic patients. Enterobacteriaceae have been isolated from the majority of peritonitis cases and the gram negative aerobe Escherichia coli is the most commonly isolated organism. Anaerobic organisms are rarely isolated because of the high oxygen tension in ascetic fluid. We report a patient with a history of alcoholic cirrhosis who developed SBP and concurrent bacteremia with the anaerobe Clostridium tertium. The patient was successfully treated with intravenous antibiotics and was discharged home on oral ciprofloxacin. This case report is unique in that it is the fourth documented Clostridium tertium SBP case, utilized MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for organism identification, and susceptibility testing for select antibiotics was performed.
Effects of Exercise on Sport Concussion Assessment Tool–Third Edition Performance in Professional Athletes
Authors: Lee Jin H. , Howell David R. , Meehan William P. , Iverson Grant L. , Gardner Andrew J.
Published: September 2017

Background:

The Sport Concussion Assessment Tool–Third Edition (SCAT3) is currently considered the standard sideline assessment for concussions. In-game exercise, however, may affect SCAT3 performance and the diagnosis of concussions.

Purpose:

To examine the influence of exercise on SCAT3 performance in professional male athletes.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

We examined the SCAT3 performance of 82 professional male athletes under 2 conditions: at rest and after exercise.

Results:

Athletes reported significantly fewer total symptoms (mean, 1.0 ± 1.5 vs 1.6 ± 2.3 total symptoms, respectively; P = .008; Cohen d = 0.34), committed significantly fewer errors on the modified Balance Error Scoring System (mean, 3.5 ± 3.5 vs 4.6 ± 4.1 errors, respectively; P = .017; d = 0.31), and required significantly less time to complete the tandem gait test (mean, 9.5 ± 1.4 vs 9.9 ± 1.7 seconds, respectively; P = .02; d = 0.30) during the at-rest condition compared with the postexercise condition.

Conclusion:

The interpretation of in-game (sideline) SCAT3 results should consider the effects of postexercise fatigue levels on an athlete’s performance, particularly if preseason baseline data have been collected when the athlete was well rested.

Clinical Relevance:

Exercise appears to affect symptom burden and physical abilities, such as balance and tandem gait, more so than the cognitive components of the SCAT3.
Moving a Mountain: The Extraordinary Trajectory of Same-Sex Marriage Approval in the United States
Authors: Rosenfeld Michael J.
Published: September 2017

Most public opinion attitudes in the United States are reasonably stable over time. Using data from the General Social Survey and the American National Election Studies, I quantify typical change rates across all attitudes. I quantify the extent to which change in same-sex marriage approval (and liberalization in attitudes toward gay rights in general) are among a small set of rapid changing outliers in surveyed public opinions. No measured public opinion attitude in the United States has changed more and more quickly than same-sex marriage. I use survey data from Newsweek to illustrate the rapid increase in the 1980s and 1990s in Americans who had friends or family who they knew to be gay or lesbian and demonstrate how contact with out-of-the-closet gays and lesbians was influential. I discuss several potential historical and social movement theory explanations for the rapid liberalization of attitudes toward gay rights in the United States, including the surprising influence of Bill Clinton’s 1992 presidential campaign.
A Systematic Review Examining the Oral Health Status of Persons with Dementia
Authors: Foley N.C. , Affoo R.H. , Siqueira W.L. , Martin R.E.
Published: September 2017

While the oral health of persons with dementia has been shown to be poor, no systematic reviews have been published that examined the topic in depth, including participants with dementia representing the full spectrum of disease severity, and evaluating a broad scope of oral health assessments. The aim of this study was to conduct a current literature review to fill this gap in knowledge. A systematic search of 5 databases (CINAHL, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science) was conducted to identify all relevant studies published up to May 2016. There were no exclusions related to study type, severity of dementia, dentate status, or living arrangements. Results were reported descriptively and summarized. Meta-analyses were performed where possible and reported as mean difference (MD) or standardized mean difference (SMD), with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Twenty-eight studies were identified. Assessments were conducted of tooth status, active dental caries, hygiene (plaque/calculus) of natural and artificial teeth, periodontal diseases, denture status (retention, stability, denture-related mucosal lesions), and oral health–related quality of life. Across all evaluations, persons with dementia generally had scores/results suggestive of poor oral health. In meta-analyses, compared with persons without dementia, those with dementia had a significantly fewer number of teeth (MD, −1.52; 95% CI, −0.2.52 to −0.52; P = 0.003; n = 13 studies), more carious teeth (SMD, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.48; P = 0.028; n = 9), significantly worse oral hygiene evaluated using a broad range of assessment tools (SMD, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.57 to 1.19, P < 0.0001; n = 7), and significantly poorer periodontal health (SMD, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.06 to 0.70; P = 0.02; n = 6 studies). The oral health status of persons with mild to severe forms of dementia, who were living in both the community and residential care facilities, was found to be poor across a broad range of dental assessments.

Knowledge Transfer Statement: The results of this study define the scope of oral issues and quantify the degree of impairment in individuals with dementia, evaluated using a variety of oral health measures. The results revealed that poor oral health is associated with dementia.
Clinical impact of BAALC expression in high-risk acute promyelocytic leukemia
Authors: Lucena-Araujo Antonio R. , Pereira-Martins Diego A. , Koury Luisa C. , Franca-Neto Pedro L. , Coelho-Silva Juan L. , de Deus Wagatsuma Virginia M. , Melo Raul A. M. , Bittencourt Rosane , Pagnano Katia , Pasquini Ricardo , Chiattone Carlos S. , Fagundes Evandro M. , Chauffaille Maria de Lourdes , Schrier Stanley L. , Tallman Martin S. , Ribeiro Raul C. , Grimwade David , Ganser Arnold , Löwenberg Bob , Lo-Coco Francesco , Sanz Miguel A. , Berliner Nancy , Rego Eduardo M.
Published: September 2017

Key Points

BAALC expression is significantly lower in APL compared with other subsets of AML and healthy volunteers. BAALC overexpression can independently predict shorter DFS in patients with high-risk disease.
Pediatric-Specific End-of-Life Care Quality Measures: An Unmet Need of a Vulnerable Population
Authors: Johnston Emily E. , Rosenberg Abby R. , Kamal Arif H.
Published: September 2017

We must ensure that the 20,000 US children (age 0 to 19 years) who die as a result of serious illness annually receive high-quality end-of-life care. Ensuring high-quality end-of-life care requires recognition that pediatric end-of-life care is conceptually and operationally different than that for adults. For example, in-hospital adult death is considered an outcome to be avoided, whereas many pediatric families may prefer hospital death. Because pediatric deaths are comparatively rare, not all centers offer pediatric-focused palliative care and hospice services. The unique psychosocial issues facing families who are losing a child include challenges for parent decision makers and young siblings. Furthermore, the focus on advance directive documentation in adult care may be less relevant in pediatrics because parental decision makers are available. Health care quality measures provide a framework for tracking the care provided and aid in agency and provider accountability, reimbursement, and educated patient choice for location of care. The National Quality Forum, Joint Commission, and other groups have developed several end-of-life measures. However, none of the current quality measures focus on the unique needs of dying pediatric patients and their caregivers. To evolve the existing infrastructure to better measure and report quality pediatric end-of-life care, we propose two changes. First, we outline how existing adult quality measures may be modified to better address pediatric end-of-life care. Second, we suggest the formation of a pediatric quality measure end-of-life task force. These are the next steps to evolving end-of-life quality measures to better fit the needs of seriously ill children.
Graft-Versus-Leukemia Effect of Allogeneic Stem-Cell Transplantation and Minimal Residual Disease in Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia in First Complete Remission
Authors: Versluis Jurjen , Kalin Burak , Zeijlemaker Wendelien , Passweg Jakob , Graux Carlos , Manz Markus G. , Vekemans Marie-Christiane , Biemond Bart J. , Legdeur Marie-Cecile J.C. , Kooy Marinus van Marwijk , de Weerdt Okke , Wijermans Pierre W. , Hoogendoorn Mels , Bargetzi Mario J. , Kuball Juergen , Schouten Harry C. , van der Velden Vincent H.J. , Janssen Jeroen J.W.M. , Pabst Thomas , Lowenberg Bob , Jongen-Lavrencic Mojca , Schuurhuis Gerrit Jan , Ossenkoppele Gert , Cornelissen Jan J.
Published: September 2017

Purpose

The detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) may improve future risk-adapted treatment strategies. We assessed whether MRD-positive and MRD-negative patients with AML benefit differently from the graft-versus-leukemia effect of allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (alloHSCT).

Methods

A total of 1,511 patients were treated in subsequent Dutch-Belgian Hemato-Oncology Cooperative Group and the Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research AML trials, of whom 547 obtained a first complete remission, received postremission treatment (PRT), and had available flow cytometric MRD before PRT. MRD positivity was defined as more than 0.1% cells with a leukemia-associated immunophenotype within the WBC compartment. PRT consisted of alloHSCT (n = 282), conventional PRT by a third cycle of chemotherapy (n = 160), or autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (n = 105).

Results

MRD was positive in 129 patients (24%) after induction chemotherapy before proceeding to PRT. Overall survival and relapse-free survival were significantly better in patients without MRD before PRT compared with MRD-positive patients (65% ± 2% v 50% ± 5% at 4 years; P = .002; and 58% ± 3% v 38% ± 4%; P < .001, respectively), which was mainly because of a lower cumulative incidence of relapse (32% ± 2% compared with 54% ± 4%; P < .001, respectively). Multivariable analysis with adjustment for covariables showed that the incidence of relapse was significantly reduced after alloHSCT compared with chemotherapy or autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hazard ratio [HR], 0.36; P < .001), which was similarly exerted in both MRD-negative and MRD-positive patients (HR, 0.38; P < .001; and HR, 0.35; P < .001, respectively).

Conclusion

The graft-versus-leukemia effect of alloHSCT is equally present in MRD-positive and MRD-negative patients, which advocates a personalized application of alloHSCT, taking into account the risk of relapse determined by AML risk group and MRD status, as well as the counterbalancing risk of nonrelapse mortality.
Architectural delineation and molecular identification of extracellular matrix in ascidian embryos and larvae
Authors: Wei Jiankai , Wang Guilin , Li Xiang , Ren Ping , Yu Haiyan , Dong Bo
Published: September 2017

The extracellular matrix (ECM) not only provides essential physical scaffolding for cellular constituents but also initiates crucial biochemical and biomechanical cues that are required for tissue morphogenesis. In this study, we utilized wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) staining to characterize the ECM architecture in ascidian embryos and larvae. The results showed three distinct populations of ECM presenting in Ciona embryogenesis: the outer layer localized at the surface of embryo, an inner layer of notochord sheath and the apical ECM secreted by the notochord. To further elucidate the precise structure of Ciona embryonic ECM, we employed scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and found that the outer membrane was relatively thick with short fibres, whereas the ECM layer in notochord sheath was not as thick as the outer membrane but more regular arranged; the lumen between notochord cells was hydrostatic and sticky. Then, we used the RNA sequencing data from the embryos and larvae of Ciona savignyi to identify ECM genes and acquire their expression patterns. We identified 115 unigenes as 67 ECM genes, and 77 unigenes showed dynamic expression changes between different stages. Our results reveal the architecture, molecular composition and dynamic expression profile of ECM in ascidian embryogenesis, and may increase understanding of the function of the ECM in chordate development.
The effects of the exopolysaccharide and growth rate on the morphogenesis of the terrestrial filamentous cyanobacterium Nostoc flagelliforme
Authors: Cui Lijuan , Xu Haiyan , Zhu Zhaoxia , Gao Xiang
Published: September 2017

The terrestrial cyanobacterium Nostoc flagelliforme, which contributes to carbon and nitrogen supplies in arid and semi-arid regions, adopts a filamentous colony form. Owing to its herbal and dietary values, this species has been overexploited. Largely due to the lack of understanding on its morphogenesis, artificial cultivation has not been achieved. Additionally, it may serve as a useful model for recognizing the morphological adaptation of colonial cyanobacteria in terrestrial niches. However, it shows very slow growth in native habitats and is easily disintegrated under laboratory conditions. Thus, a novel experimental system is necessary to explore its morphogenetic mechanism. Liquid-cultured N. flagelliforme has been well developed for exopolysaccharide (EPS) production, in which microscopic colonies (micro-colonies) are generally formed. In this study, we sought to gain some insight into the morphogenesis of N. flagelliforme by examining the effects of two external factors, the EPS and environmental stress-related growth rate, on the morphological shaping of micro-colonies. Our findings indicate that the EPS matrix could act as a basal barrier, leading to the bending of trichomes during their elongation, while very slow growth is conducive to their straight elongation. These findings will guide future cultivation and application of this cyanobacterium for ecological improvement.
PQN-75 is expressed in the pharyngeal gland cells of C
aenorhabditis
elegans and is dispensable for germline development
Authors: Rochester Jesse D. , Tanner Paige C. , Sharp Catherine S. , Andralojc Karolina M. , Updike Dustin L.
Published: September 2017

In Caenorhabditis elegans, five pharyngeal gland cells reside in the terminal bulb of the pharynx and extend anterior processes to five contact points in the pharyngeal lumen. Pharyngeal gland cells secrete mucin-like proteins thought to facilitate digestion, hatching, molting and assembly of the surface coat of the cuticle, but supporting evidence has been sparse. Here we show pharyngeal gland cell expression of PQN-75, a unique protein containing an N-terminal signal peptide, nucleoporin (Nup)-like phenylalanine/glycine (FG) repeats, and an extensive polyproline repeat domain with similarities to human basic salivary proline-rich pre-protein PRB2. Imaging of C-terminal tagged PQN-75 shows localization throughout pharyngeal gland cell processes but not the pharyngeal lumen; instead, aggregates of PQN-75 are occasionally found throughout the pharynx, suggesting secretion from pharyngeal gland cells into the surrounding pharyngeal muscle. PQN-75 does not affect fertility and brood size in C. elegans but confers some degree of stress resistance and thermotolerance through unknown mechanisms.
Novel clinical features of nonconvulsive status epilepticus
Authors: Nagayama Masao , Yang Sunghoon , Geocadin Romergryko G. , Kaplan Peter W. , Hoshiyama Eisei , Shiromaru-Sugimoto Azusa , Kawamura Mitsuru
Published: September 2017

Nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) has rapidly expanded from classical features such as staring, repetitive blinking, chewing, swallowing, and automatism to include coma, prolonged apnea, cardiac arrest, dementia, and higher brain dysfunction, which were demonstrated mainly after the 2000s by us and other groups. This review details novel clinical features of NCSE as a manifestation of epilepsy, but one that is underdiagnosed, with the best available evidence. Also, we describe the new concept of epilepsy-related organ dysfunction (Epi-ROD) and a novel electrode and headset which enables prompt electroencephalography.
A survey of quality of life indicators in the Romanian Roma population following the ‘Decade of Roma Inclusion’
Authors: Powell Doherty Rebecca , Müller-Demary Daniel , Hosszu Alexandra , Duminica Ana , Bertke Andrea , Lewis Bryan , Eubank Stephen
Published: September 2017

Background: This study explores how the Roma in Romania, the EU’s most concentrated population, are faring in terms of a number of quality of life indicators, including poverty levels, healthcare, education, water, sanitation, and hygiene.

Methods: 135 surveys were conducted across five geographically diverse Romanian communities. Household participants were selected through a comprehensive random walk method. Analyses were conducted on all data using Pandas for Python.

Results: These data indicate that the Roma in Romania face significant disparities in education, with Roma students less likely to progress beyond 8thgrade. In addition, the Roma population remains significantly disadvantaged with regard to safe and secure housing, poverty, and healthcare status, particularly in connection to diarrheal disease. In contrast, however, both Roma and non-Roma in rural areas face difficulties regarding full-time employment, sanitation, and water, sanitation, and hygiene infrastructure.

Conclusions: These data demonstrate the challenges that remain to the Roma population in Romania, and also point to the myriad of ways in which all rural Romanians, regardless of ethnicity, are encountering hardship. This study highlights the areas in which improvements can be made to ensure the Roma, and indeed all Romanian citizens, have access to and confidence in sanitation services, clean water, and adequate healthcare treatment.
Draft genome of tule elk Cervus elaphus nannodes
Authors: Mizzi Jessica E. , Lounsberry Zachary T. , Brown C. Titus , Sacks Benjamin N.
Published: September 2017

This paper presents the first draft genome of the tule elk (Cervus elaphus nannodes), a subspecies native to California that underwent an extreme genetic bottleneck in the late 1800s.  The genome was generated from Illumina HiSeq 3000 whole genome sequencing of four individuals, resulting in the assembly of 2.395 billion base pairs (Gbp) over 602,862 contigs over 500 bp and N50 = 6,885 bp. This genome provides a resource to facilitate future genomic research on elk and other cervids.
ADMINISTRATIVE LIABILITY OF LEGAL ENTITIES FOR VIOLATION OF ANTITRUST LAW IN RUSSIA
Authors: Кубанцев Сергей , Kubantsev Sergey
Published: September 2017

The article raises questions of legislative regulation of public relations in the sphere of counteracting unfair competition. The legislative toolkit that is used in Russia to regulate the responsibility for such acts is outlined. The main emphasis is on administrative responsibility. Particular current interest of these questions is also presented because the current Russian legislation on this issue is quite new.
The purpose of this article is to study the antitrust legislation of Russia in terms of administrative responsibility. The features of legislative regulation in this sphere is identified. There is a comparison of administrative and criminal impact on persons violating the rules of fair competition, not only with regard to liability and prevention of such offenses, but also in relation to issues of compensation for harm caused by such offenses. The article also conducts a comparative analysis of the definitions and the degree of responsibility for various violations in this area. It compares administrative and criminal influence on persons who violated rules of fair competition not only in terms of liability, but also in the prevention of such offenses. The paper carries out the comparative analysis of the definitions and the responsibility for various violations in this sphere.
For preparation of the article a set of general scientific and private scientific methods of cognition is used: the dialectical method, the method of analysis and synthesis, the logical method, the method of comparative law, sociological, historical, formal-logical and other scientific methods. The base is not only legislation, but also decisions of the High Courts.
In the results of the research the author comes to a conclusion about the necessity to improve legislation in the sphere of counteracting unfair competition, in particular in the direction of introduction into the Russian legislation institute a criminal liability of legal entity, the development of the concept of the penetration into a corporate veil in public law, including also the purpose to create such conditions under which compensation for damage caused by actions that violate the antitrust laws is equally inescapable just like the punishment for similar offense.