bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Introduction
Authors: Karant-Nunn Susan C. , Jacobson Schutte Anne
Published: November 2014

Die vier Essays des Themenschwerpunktes befassen sich mit dem Stand der Reformationsgeschichte in Nordamerika nach dem Verlust der konfessionellen Deutungshoheit und der zunehmenden Pluralisierung der Interpretationsansätze in den letzten Jahrzehnten.
Can Historians End the Reformation?
Authors: Shagan Ethan H.
Published: November 2014

Ethan Shagan sieht in einer konfessionell determinierten Historiographie keine Gefahr mehr für die Reformationsforschung. Vielmehr hält er es für eine wissenschaftliche Fehlentwicklung, das die Forschung zunehmend „moderate“ Personen und Richtungen, die sich scheinbar aus den konfessionellen Auseinandersetzungen der Frühen Neuzeit heraushielten, in den Vordergrund stellt. Er betont, das die Definition von „moderat“ immer auf der Konstruktion von „Extremen“ beruht und bereits zeitgenössisch in hohem Mase umstritten war. Statt die Kategorien und Auseinandersetzungen des 16. und 17. Jahrhunderts zu reproduzieren, sollte es darum gehen, Fragestellungen jenseits der zeitgenössischen Denk- und Diskursrahmen zu entwickeln.
Die Philosophische Fakultät der Universität Wittenberg von der Gründung bis zur Vertreibung der Philippisten
Authors: Scheible Heinz
Published: November 2014

The faculty of arts at the University of Wittenberg taught the via antiqua with a focus on Scotism, but not the via moderna. The mathematical disciplines were poorly represented. In contrast to that, Humanism was taught from the beginning and the Humanist curriculum was extended in 1518, not only by establishing chairs of Greek and Hebrew, but also chairs of Aristotle. As Luther was vehemently against Aristotle at that time, he was certainly not the driving force behind this aspect of the reform. In the following years the lectures on traditional subjects were gradually reduced, while the new subjects were extended and adapted to the tenets of the Reformation. Melanchthon played a decisive role in this transformation. Not only did he teach his philosophical subjects in accordance with Luther’s theology, but he also saw to the extension of Mathematics and supported History. In 1536 the transformation of the medieval faculty of arts with its predominance of Logics into a modern philosophical faculty with a balance between the languages and the mathematical subjects was completed. Melanchthon’s decision to refuse the offer of a chair at Jena was decisive for the fact that the University of Wittenberg was not closed in 1547, but survived until 1817. The rising number of students even after his death attests to the success of his teaching, which was brought to an end by the expulsion of the Philippists as alleged Calvinists from Saxony in 1574.
A June 1546 Exorcism in Wittenberg as a Pastoral Act
Authors: Wengert Timothy J. , Krey Philip D.W.
Published: November 2014

Im Juni 1546 führte Johannes Bugenhagen in der Wittenberger Stadtkirche einen Exorzismus an einem Mädchen durch. In einer zeitgenössischen Auflage der „Vitae Patrum“ wurde jüngst ein kurzer lateinischer Bericht dieses Exorzismus gefunden, der hier mit einer englischen übersetzung ediert wird. Der vorliegende Aufsatz stellt den Bugenhagenschen Exorzismus in den Kontext der lutherischen Diskussionen um den Exorzismus vor und nach der Taufe. Insgesamt nahmen die Wittenberger lutherischen Theologen eine pragmatisch-seelsorgerliche Haltung ein: Es ging ihnen vor allem darum, einer vom Teufel bedrohten Person zu helfen.
Olympias and Chrysostom: The Debate over Wesel’s Reformed Deaconesses, 1568–1609
Authors: Spohnholz Jesse A.
Published: November 2014

Im späten 16. Jahrhundert ernannte die niederländische Exulantengemeinde in Wesel Diakonissen. Die Kirchenältesten verstanden dies als eine Wiederbelebung des apostolischen Diakonissen-Amtes. In den späten 1570er Jahren war im niederländischen Calvinismus eine Kontroverse ausgebrochen, die die formale Abschaffung des Diakonissen- Amtes zur Folge hatte. Trotzdem wurden weiterhin Diakonissen ernannt, um die lokale Armenfürsorge sicherzustellen. Auch im Falle der Weseler Calvinisten kann man nicht von einer Wiederbelebung des antiken Diakonissen-Amtes sprechen. Vielmehr benutzten die Kirchenältesten den Titel, um Frauen, die ihnen bei der Bewältigung der durch das Exil entstandenen sozialen Probleme halfen, Status und Ehre zuzusprechen.
Luther im Stummfilm: Zum Wandel protestantischer Mentalität im Spiegel der Filmgeschichte bis 1930
Authors: Wipfler Esther Pia
Published: November 2014

The “Luther film” is still a little-examined source for the Protestant self-image, despite the fact that the medium was employed since 1911 to portray the history of the Reformation.

Of the four known silent films on the subject, two are preserved only as copies of a late censored version. There is a clearly recognizable paradigm shift in the portrayal of the reformer over the twenty-year span of these Luther films. Luther is transformed from the romantic aesthete of the “Wittenberger Nachtigall” in 1913 to the hero of the “deutschen Reformation” in 1927. Concerning the earliest films, made in 1911 (“Doktor Martin Luther”) and 1913 (“Wittenberger Nachtigall” renamed “Der Weg zur Sonne” in 1921), the circumstances of and grounds for production are no longer entirely clear. Most likely they were primarily concerned with commercial enterprise, but at the same time they reflected the spirit of the Luther-Renaissance in a popular way. Nevertheless the importance of the silent movie for the transfer of the patterns and images of Lutheran iconography into film cannot be underestimated. A fundamental difference from the later films is the focus of the earlier films’ biographical narrative upon Luther’s wedding. This approach would not be used again until after World War II.

The influence of the church can first be demonstrated in the Luther film of 1923. The initiative for the film - in light of the meeting of the Lutheran World Assembly in Eisenach on August 21, 1923 - probably came from the Baron von den Heyden- Rynsch, who was at that time head of the Eisenach city Bureau for Art, Sport and Tourism. The highest church authorities supported the production in two ways: they offered scriptwriting advice and also eventually allowed the film to be distributed through the Evangelical Picture Association (Evangelische Bilderkammer|). However, the resulting film received mixed reviews. This was due not only to deficiencies in the acting, but also to the tentative portrayal of the film’s religious subject matter. “Luther. Ein Film der deutschen Reformation” (1926-1927) was much more professionally and lavishly produced. It completely served the national Protestant propaganda of the Evangelical League (Evangelischer Bund|), which founded the production company. The chairman of the League, the Berlin cathedral pastor and university professor Bruno Döhring, had a decisive influence on the script. The film, which would be in wide release until 1939, effectively extended the cultural conflict between the two leading churches, Catholic and Lutheran. It would finally lead to the sort of denominational conflicts that halted the tradition of Luther films in Germany. (Translation by Heather McCune Bruhn, Pennstate College)
Nach hundert Jahren. Ernst Troeltsch, der Protestantismus und die Entstehung der modernen Welt
Authors: Strohm Christoph
Published: November 2014

Ernst Troeltsch’s lecture on the significance of Protestantism for the formation of modern civilization a century ago strongly stimulated discussion of the Lutheran and Calvinist Reformation. However, recent research has widely criticized his hypotheses. His distinction between Lutheran and Calvinist Protestantism, the former belonging to the Middle Ages and the latter far more to modernity, is rightly questioned, as is his assertion concerning the different impacts of Protestant and Roman Catholic Reform on early modern state and society. New answers have to take into consideration the diverging development of different areas of culture. In the field of law and political culture, the impact of the Protestant Reformation helped far more to develop public and civil law than was the case in the Catholic world, which was shaped by the Jesuits and Tridentine theology. Luther’s distinction between the two kingdoms became fundamental for Protestant jurists - both Lutheran and Reformed
Erasmus as Arminius – Basel as the Anti-Rome? Closed and Open Circles of Humanist Communication
Authors: Seidel Menchi Silvana
Published: November 2014

In den Werken des Erasmus, insbesondere in seinem Epistolar und in seiner Kontroverse mit Hutten, finden sich verstreute Zeugnisse, die die Vorstellung eines zweifachen Kommunikationskreislaufs stützen - eines offenen, die bestehenden Machtverhältnisse bei der Übermittlung von Nachrichten respektierenden Diskussionszusammenhangs sowie eines geschlossenen, in dem beißende Ironie und scharfe Attacken gegen die Potentaten und die Kirche zirkulierten. Der vorliegende Beitrag will dieses doppelte Kommunikationssystem aufdecken. Dabei wird sowohl der offene, sich der Druckerzeugnisse bedienende Kommunikationsverlauf veranschaulicht als auch die vertrauliche Kommunikation, die in mündlicher Form, in kleinen Gruppen und unter Humanisten mit gemeinsamem schichtspezifischen und kulturellen Hintergrund stattfand. Die Hauptthese ist, daß Elemente der vertraulichen Kommunikation durch die Untersuchung der den gedruckten Werken der Humanisten beigefügten Illustrationen sowie durch Zusammenschau von Bild- und Wortquellen sichtbar gemacht werden können. Der Beitrag untersucht insbesondere die von Ambrosius Holbein stammenden Kupferstiche der Titelseiten einiger Werke aus der Druckerei des Johannes Froben in Basel und die damals kursierenden Schriften des Erasmus (u.|a. den Dialog „Iulius exclusus e coelis“). Auch die berühmte, Hans Holbein d.|J. zugeschriebene Flugschrift „Hercules Germanicus“ von 1522 erlaubt es, den Übergang von der mündlichen zur bildlichen Kommunikation nachzuvollziehen und den in der Nachricht enthaltenen ironisch-esoterischen Charakter beispielhaft zu erläutern
The Summaria of Veit Dietrich as an Aid for Teaching the Faith
Authors: Kolb Robert
Published: November 2014

Veit Dietrich (1506-49), Schüler und Sekretär Luthers, der auch einige Schriften des Reformators herausgab, beabsichtigte mit seiner Schrift „Summaria über die ganze Bibel“ von 1541/45, das Glaubensverständnis des ,gemeinen Mannes‘ zu fördern. Der Nürnberger Pfarrer faßte beinah jedes Kapitel der Bibel zusammen und erläuterte die daraus zu ziehenden Lehren. Dietrich arbeitete mit Melanchthons Methode der rhetorischen Analyse und betonte - im Sinne der Theologie Melanchthons und Luthers - Buße, Glauben und Gehorsam gegenüber Gott. Zudem differenzierte er die biblischen Texte nach Genres. Wichtig waren ihm die lutherische Unterscheidung von Gesetz und Evangelium sowie ethische Fragen
Das Glaubensverhör der Jüdin Rahel im Juni 1554 durch Nikolaus von Amsdorf als „Modus et forma judaei convertendi“
Authors: Kümper Hiram
Published: November 2014

The article provides the editio princeps of a protocol of a conversion examination held in 1554 by the orthodox Lutheran and Naumburg exile bishop Nicolaus of Amsdorf and Johann Weiß in Eisenach when a Jewish damsel named Rahel had solicited baptism. The protocol is discussed in terms of the historical situation of Thuringian Jews in the mid-sixteenth century and some crucial notions of Protestant attitudes toward Jewish converts as depicted by the examination
„Nicht calvinisch, nicht lutherisch“: Zu Humanismus, Philippismus und Kryptocalvinismus in Sachsen am Ende des 16. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Crusius Irene
Published: November 2014

On the basis of case studies from Chemnitz, Zittau, Zwickau and Schneeberg, the author demonstrates the far-reaching influence of Melanchthon even on the third generation after the Reformation and the close humanistic and “philippistic” personal relations among its members. The city Latin schools prove to be the centers and disseminators of Philippism, and the scholars involved are often persecuted as Cryptocalvinists. By means of the study of personal histories, the author differentiates more sharply between Philippism and Cryptocalvinism.
Pierre Viret and Geneva
Authors: Chibi Andrew A.
Published: November 2014

Die Historiographie hat die zehn Bischöfe, die Heinrich VIII. in den letzten sieben Jahren seiner Amtszeit ernannte, bislang weitgehend negativ beurteilt - sowohl im Hinblick auf ihre seelsorgerliche als auch ihre administrative Tätigkeit. Eine genaue Analyse der verfügbaren Quellen führt jedoch zu einer positiveren Gesamteinschätzung ihrer Aktivitäten.
Worthy of the Tolerance They’d been Given: Dutch Mennonites, Reputation, and Political Persuasion in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries
Authors: Osborne Troy David
Published: November 2014

Im Laufe des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts festigten die niederländischen Mennoniten ihre Gruppenidentität. Gleichzeitig gelang es ihnen, sich einen Ruf als gehorsame Untertanen der Republik zu erwerben. Diesen nutzten sie als „politisches Kapital“, um die führenden Politiker der Provinzen und der Republik dazu zu bewegen, sich für verfolgte Täufer in anderen europäischen Ländern einzusetzen.
LABORATORY EXAMINATION IN NERVE AGENT INTOXICATION
Authors: Bajgar Jiří
Published: November 2014

Diagnosis of nerve agent intoxication is based on anamnestic data, clinical signs and laboratory examination. For acute poisoning, cholinesterase activity in the blood (erythrocyte AChE, plasma/serum BuChE) is sensitive, simple and most frequent laboratory examination performed in biochemical laboratories. Specialized examinations to precise treatment (reactivation test) or to make retrospective diagnosis (fluoride induced reactivation etc.) can be conducted. Other sophisticated methods are available, too.
LUMBOSACRAL TRANSITIONAL VERTEBRA ASSOCIATED WITH SACRAL SPINA BIFIDA OCCULTA: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Paraskevas George , Tzika Maria , Kitsoulis Panagiotis
Published: November 2014

Congenital malformations such as lumbosacral transitional vertebrae and spina bifida occulta constitute unrare anomalies and could affect the symptomatology of low back pain. A transitional vertebra is characterized by elongation of one or both transverse processes, leading to the appearance of a sacralized fifth lumbar vertebra or a lumbarized first sacral vertebra. Furthermore, sacral spina bifida occulta is a developmental anomaly that corresponds to the incomplete closure of the vertebral column. In the present case report, we describe a case of a dried sacrum presenting a partially sacralized fifth lumbar vertebra and total spina bifida, extended from first to fifth sacral vertebra. A pseudoarthrosis is formed on the left side and the specimen could be incorporated in Castellvi’s type IIa. Moreover, the incidence, morphology, clinical and surgical significance of these spinal malformations are discussed.
TLR2 AND TLR4 EXPRESSION ON BLOOD MONOCYTES AND GRANULOCYTES OF CARDIAC SURGICAL PATIENTS IS NOT AFFECTED BY THE USE OF CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS
Authors: Krejsek Jan , Koláčková Martina , Manďák Jiří , Kuneš Pavel , Holubcová Zdeňka , Holmannová Drahomíra , AbuAttieh Mouhammed , Andrýs Ctirad
Published: November 2014

Cardiac surgery is inseparably linked to the activation of innate immunity cells recognizing danger signals of both endogenous and exogenous origin via pattern recognition receptors such as TLR receptors. Therefore, we followed by flow cytometry TLR2 and TLR4 expression on blood monocytes and granulocytes of patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting using beating heart surgery (off-pump, n = 34), with use of standard cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), (on-pump, n = 30), and miniinvasive CPB (mini on-pump, n = 25), respectively, before, during surgery, and up to 7th postoperative day. TLR2 and TLR4 expression both on monocytes and granulocytes was significantly diminished already at the end of CPB being highly significantly decreased at the end of surgery in all patients’ groups. TLR2 and TLR4 expression reached preoperative value at the 1st postoperative day being significantly higher at the 3rd postoperative day. Using intracellular staining we found the peak of TLR2 and TLR4 expression inside of monocytes and granulocytes at the first postoperative day in a subgroup of on-pump patients. In conclusion, TLR2 and TLR4 expression is significantly modulated in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting as a part of adaptive homeostatic mechanisms induced by major surgery. The very surgical trauma is responsible for TLR2 and TLR4 modulation. Surprisingly, cardiopulmonary bypass itself was little contributing to the modulation of TLR2 and TLR4 expression.
“ELEPHANT TRUNK” AND ENDOVASCULAR STENTGRAFTING – A HYBRID APPROACH TO THE TREATMENT OF EXTENSIVE THORACIC AORTIC ANEURYSM
Authors: Holubec Tomáš , Raupach Jan , Dominik Jan , Vojáček Jan
Published: November 2014

A hybrid approach to elephant trunk technique for treatment of thoracic aortic aneurysms combines a conventional surgical and endovascular therapy. Compared to surgery alone, there is a presumption that mortality and morbidity is reduced. We present a case report of a 42-year-old man with a giant aneurysm of the entire thoracic aorta, significant aortic and tricuspid regurgitation and ventricular septum defect. The patient underwent multiple consecutive operations and interventions having, among others, finally replaced the entire thoracic aorta with the use of the hybrid elephant trunk technique.
OUR EXPERIENCE WITH ATOPY PATCH TESTS WITH AEROALLERGENS
Authors: Čelakovská Jarmila , Ettlerová Květuše , Ettler Karel , Vaněčková Jaroslava
Published: November 2014

Aim of our study was to evaluate the importance of atopy patch testing with aeroallergens as a diagnostic method in patients suffering from atopic dermatitis. Method: The complet dermatological and allergological examinations were performed in 29 patients; 10 men, 19 women with the average age of 27.8 years, min. 17, max. 57 years; with the median SCORAD 24.2 points, s.d. 13.3 points. Wormwood, grass, dog dander, cat dander, dermatophagoides pharinae, dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and birch pollen were examined in diagnostic procedures. Skin prick tests, specific IgE were examined; the atopy patch tests were performed with aeroallergens for skin prick tests in concentration 1× skin prick tests. Results: Specific IgE and skin prick tests to one or more tested aeroallergens were positive altogether in 27 patients; atopy patch tests were positive only in one of these patients. Conclusion: For atopy patch testing with aeroallergens the concentration of 1× skin prick tests is low to confirme the eczematic reaction in patients suffering from allergy to inhallant allergens.
THE EFFECT OF L-CARNOSINE ON ERYTHROCYTE DEFORMABILITY AND AGGREGATION ACCORDING TO THE CELL AGE IN YOUNG AND AGED RATS
Authors: Erken Gülten , Bor-Kucukatay Melek , KilicToprak Emine , Akdag Beyza , Kucukatay Vural
Published: November 2014

This study aimed to investigate alterations in hemorheology induced by L-carnosine, an anti- oxidant dipeptide, and to determine their relationship to oxidative stress in density-separated erythrocytes of aged and young rats. 28 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups as aged (Aca), young (Yca) L-carnosine groups (250 mg/kg L-carnosine, i.p.) and aged (As), young (Ys) control groups (saline, i.p.). Density separation was further performed to these groups in order to separate erythrocytes according to their age. Blood samples were used for the determination of erythrocyte deformability, aggregation; and oxidative stress parameters. Erythrocyte deformability of Yca group measured at 0.53 Pa was lower than Aca group. Similarly, deformability of least-dense (young) erythrocytes of Yca group was decreased compared to least-dense erythrocytes of Aca groups. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of Aca group was higher and oxidative stress index (OSI) lower than As group. Although L-carnosine resulted in an enhancement in TAC of aged rats, this favorable effect was not observed in erythrocyte deformability and aggregation in the dose applied in this study.
EFFICACY OF TOPIRAMATE AS ADD-ON THERAPY IN TWO DIFFERENT TYPES OF PROGRESSIVE MYOCLONIC EPILEPSY
Authors: Demir Caner Feyzi , Özdemir Hasan Hüseyin , Müngen Bülent
Published: November 2014

The present article describes two unrelated cases of progressive myoclonic epilepsy (PME) of the Lafora’s disease and Unverricht-Lundborg types who were treated with topiramate (TPM) as add-on therapy for their myoclonus. After the initiation of topiramate therapy both cases responded with marked decrease in myoclonic seizure frequency and improvement of quality of life. Topiramate appears to be a useful alternative agent in cases of PME and could be consider for adjunctive therapy.
THE VEGF AND BMP-2 LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS AND THE RELATIONSHIP TO TREATMENT WITH TUMOUR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA INHIBITORS
Authors: Tošovský Marian , Bradna Petr , Andrýs Ctirad , Andrýsová Kateřina , Čermáková Eva , Soukup Tomáš
Published: November 2014

Introduction: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an inflammatory rheumatic disease characterized by the development of osteoproductive changes in the spine which could possibly result in ankylosis. Treatment with tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) inhibitors has proved to be an important step forward in the treatment of this disease, but for the time being it is not clear whether it favourably influences radiographic progression of the disease. Vascular endothelial growth factor most probably plays a role in the development of osteoproductive changes and recently its predictive influence on radiographic progression has been demonstrated. Bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP-2) participates in the regulation of bone proliferation and its increased serum level has been demonstrated in patients with advanced AS and correlated with the degree of radiographic changes. Aim: The study aims to evaluate the VEGF and BMP-2 levels in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and how these levels relate to the concurrent treatment with TNFα inhibitors. Methods: Sera were evaluated from patients at the Rheumatologic Clinic of the Hradec Králové Faculty Hospital who fulfilled the modified New York Criteria for AS (n = 55). In these patients, the parameters of the activity of the disease (BASDAI = Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, CRP = C-reactive protein) and the concurrent therapy (TNFα inhibitors, n = 21, vs. non-anti TNFα, n = 34) were recorded. The levels of VEGF and BMP-2 were analyzed using the ELISA method. Results: In patients treated with TNFα inhibitors, a significantly lower VEGF level was found when compared to untreated patients (140.3 (109.4; 262.2) vs. 261 (172.4; 396.6) pg/ml; p = 0.02). No difference was found between BMP-2 levels in both groups (treated vs. untreated patients) (254.8 (2301; 267.3) vs. 261.1 (248.6; 273.5) pg/ml; p = 0.24). A correlation analysis did not reveal any relationship between VEG F and BMP-2 (r = 0.057; p = 0.68). Serum levels of VEGF correlated with serum levels of CRP (r = 0.56; p = 0.00001) and the BASDAI value (r = 0.33; p = 0.015). Conclusion: Significantly lower VEGF levels were found in patients treated with TNFα inhibitors versus the untreated patients. These findings are in harmony with some hitherto published analyses and may give evidence of a favourable effect of TNFα inhibitors on radiographic progression. Neither influence on the BMP-2 level by treatment with TNFα inhibitors nor correlation with VEGF levels was demonstrated.
EFFECTS OF REHABILITATION SERVICES ON ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, CARE-GIVING BURDEN AND PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT OF STROKE CAREGIVERS
Authors: Karahan Ali Yavuz , Kucuksen Sami , Yilmaz Halim , Salli Ali , Gungor Tayfun , Sahin Muhammed
Published: November 2014

Background: Few data are available on the specific care giving-related problems of stroke patient’s caregivers and factors that influence the burden of these caregivers. Aim: To study the influences of the active rehabilitation process on anxiety, depression, care burden and perceived social support level of stroke patients caregivers. Design: A prospective clinical trial. Setting: Patients and caregivers entering a rehabilitation program at a university hospital in Turkey. Populations: Ninety patients with a first episode of stroke and 90 caregivers responsible for their care were recruited for our study. Methods: Patients and caregivers were assessed before and after the active rehabilitation process. The functional disability level of the patients was assessed by Functional Independence Measure (FIM). The Beck Anxiety Scale (BAS) and the Beck Depression Scale (BDS) were used for anxiety and depression assessment, the Zarit Care Burden Scale (ZCBS) for care burden assessment and the Multi-Dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MDSPSS) for perceived social support assessment. Results: A statistically significant rise is observed in the special person sub-assessment of MDSPSS in both female and male caregivers. Also, a significant decrease in care burden, anxiety and depression levels of caregivers was noted after the rehabilitation program (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Caregivers accept the rehabilitation period as important social support in addition to the support provided by family and friends. Also, our positive results were associated with an improvement in the patients’ functional level and an increase in the acquisition of knowledge and skill required of caregivers in order to provide care during rehabilitation. Clinical Rehabilitation Impact: The rehabilitation team should be aware of the fact that the perceived care burden may be greater due to the lack of knowledge concerning available resources and due to the inability to cope with stress effectively.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY IN DIAGNOSIS OF EXTRANASOPHARYNGEAL ANGIOFIBROMA ORIGINATING FROM NASAL CAVITY: CASE PRESENTATION AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors: Perić Aleksandar , Sotirović Jelena , Cerović Snežana , Živić Ljubica
Published: November 2014

Angiofibromas are rare vascular tumors which originate predominantly in the nasopharynx and occur typically in male adolescents. Extranasopharyngeal sites such as nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are less frequent. This review article was undertaken to evaluate the incidence, clinical features and management of extranasopharyngeal angiofibromas originating exclusivelly from nasal cavity structures. Our focus of interest was to evaluate the significance of immunohistochemical analysis in diagnosis of such extremely rare neoplasms. In the PubMed and Google Search, we found only 39 cases of nasal angifibroma, 27 males and 12 females from 1980 to 2012. The most prevalent site of origin was nasal septum, followed by inferior and middle turbinate. The commonest symptoms were nasal obstruction and epistaxis. Nasal angiofibromas are clinically distinct from nasopharyneal angiofibromas and can therefore be misdiagnosed. The differential diagnosis includes other vascular lesions, such as lobular capillary hemangioma and sinonasal-type hemangiopericytoma. Although immunohistochemistry is not necessary for differentiation between angiofibroma and capillary hemangioma, that diagnostic procedure may be helpful in distinction from sinonasal hemangiopericytoma. As an ilustration for immunohistochemical analysis, we presented a case of an elderly woman with tumor arising from the middle turbinate, diagnosed as angiofibroma. The staining was positive for CD34, CD31, factor VIII, vimentin and smooth muscle α-actin, and negative for desmin.
Coastline changes and sedimentation related with the opening of an artificial channel: the Valo Grande Delta, SE Brazil
Authors: MAHIQUES MICHEL M. DE , FIGUEIRA RUBENS C.L. , ALVES DANIEL P.V. , ITALIANI DIANA M. , MARTINS CRISTINA C. , DIAS JOÃO M.A.
Published: November 2014

The role played by human activity in coastline changes indicates a general tendency of retreating coasts, especially deltaic environments, as a result of the recent trend of sea level rise as well as the blockage of the transfer of sediments towards the coast, especially due to the construction of dams. This is particularly important in deltaic environments which have been suffering a dramatic loss of area in the last decades. In contrast, in this paper, we report the origin and evolution of an anthropogenic delta, the Valo Grande delta, on the south-eastern Brazilian coast, whose origin is related to the opening of an artificial channel and the diversion of the main flow of the Ribeira de Iguape River. The methodology included the analysis of coastline changes, bathymetry and coring, which were used to determine the sedimentation rates and grain-size changes over time. The results allowed us to recognize the different facies of the anthropogenic delta and establish its lateral and vertical depositional trends. Despite not being very frequent, anthropogenic deltas represent a favorable environment for the record of natural and anthropogenic changes in historical times and, thus, deserve more attention from researchers of different subjects.
Differential motor alterations in children with three types of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Poblano Adrián , Luna Belinda , Reynoso César
Published: November 2014

Objective To determine frequency of motor alterations in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method We evaluated 19 children aged 7-12 years with ADHD classified in three sub-types: Combined (ADHD-C), with Inattention (ADHD-I), and with Hyperactivity (ADHD-H). Controls were age- and gender matched healthy children. We utilized Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOTMP) for measuring motor skills. Results We observed differences between children with ADHD and controls in BOTMP general score and in static coordination, dynamic general- and hand- coordination, and in synkinetic movements. We also found differences in dynamic hand coordination between controls and children with ADHD-C; in dynamic general coordination between controls and children with ADHD-H; and in frequency of synkinetic movements between controls and children with ADHD-H. Conclusion Children with ADHD with a major degree of hyperactivity showed greater frequency of motor alterations.
The influence of patient’s knowledge about stroke in Brazil: a cross sectional study
Authors: Panício Maurício Isaac , Mateus Lucas , Ricarte Irapuá Ferreira , Figueiredo Marcelo Marinho de , Fukuda Thiago Gonçalves , Seixas Jamile Cavalcanti , Ferraz Maria Elizabeth , Silva Gisele Sampaio
Published: November 2014

Little is known about stroke patients’ awareness about the warning signs of stroke and its therapeutic time window in Brazil. Method We interviewed consecutive patients with acute stroke admitted to a terciary public hospital in Brazil. Data collected included demographics, mode of arrival, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores and knowledge of stroke warning signs and therapeutic time window. Early arrival was defined as within 4.5 hours of symptoms onset. Results Although 66.2% of patients knew the warning signs of stroke, only 7.8% reported to know that stroke had a limited therapeutic time window. Stroke severity measured by the NIHSS was independently associated with early arrival, but not knowledge of stroke signs and symptoms. Conclusion Knowledge about stroke symptoms was not a predictor of early arrival.
Adaptação transcultural da escala Locus of Control of Behaviour para o português: versão para idosos
Authors: Ohy Juliana Bastos , Maia Deborah B. , Coutinho Evandro Silva Freire , Laks Jerson
Published: November 2014

Objetivo Apresentar a adaptação transcultural da escala Locus of Control of Behavior (LCB) para a língua portuguesa falada no Brasil. Métodos O processo de adaptação foi realizado em cinco etapas: tradução, retradução, avaliação da equivalência entre a retradução e a escala original, elaboração de uma versão pré-teste e aplicação na população-alvo composta por 16 idosos (56 a 80 anos), com quatro anos mínimos de escolaridade. Resultados A versão adaptada não gerou problemas de compreensão, aceitabilidade ou impacto emocional negativo. Conclusão Este trabalho torna disponível a primeira versão em Português da LCB, uma escala que tem sido particularmente utilizada para avaliar o tipo de locus de controle (LoC) no que concerne ao prognóstico de tratamentos em saúde mental.
Avaliando a fidelidade de intervenções psicossociais: uma revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Silva Tatiana Fernandes Carpinteiro da
Published: November 2014

Objetivo Intervenções psicossociais têm tido impacto positivo na vida das pessoas com transtorno mental grave, porém tais intervenções devem ser implementadas fielmente ao protocolo. A fidelidade refere-se à medida que uma intervenção adere ao modelo original e sua avaliação é essencial para que os desfechos possam ser creditados à intervenção. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura mundial das intervenções psicossociais destinadas a pacientes com transtornos mentais que possuem um instrumento ou método de avaliação de fidelidade ao modelo original. Métodos Pesquisas bibliográficas sistemáticas foram realizadas para encontrar estudos relevantes ao tema nas seguintes bases de dados: Embase, Medline, Scopus e SciELO. Foram incluídos estudos de intervenções psicossociais, realizados na comunidade, dirigidos a pacientes diagnosticados com transtornos mentais. Intervenções de comparação poderiam incluir tanto o tratamento-padrão como uma intervenção de comparação ativa. A qualidade dos estudos foi avaliada de forma independente por dois revisores, utilizando critérios adaptados de instrumentos validados. Resultados Trinta estudos preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Os estudos mostraram a eficácia da avaliação da fidelidade em diferenciar diferentes modelos de tratamento, sua validade preditiva para os desfechos e a confiabilidade dos instrumentos utilizados, bem como os fatores facilitadores e os obstáculos para a obtenção de alta fidelidade nas intervenções avaliadas. Conclusão Além de documentar a adesão ao modelo original, a fidelidade fornece informações relativas à população-alvo e aos desfechos esperados, o que contribui para que seja alcançada excelência no processo de implementação das intervenções psicossociais.
Potencial ornamental de acessos de pimenta
Authors: Melo Leane Fialho de , Gomes Regina Lucia Ferreira , Silva Verônica Brito da , Monteiro Eliane Rodrigues , Lopes Ângela Celis Almeida , Peron Ana Paula
Published: November 2014

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial ornamental de dez acessos de pimenta Capsicum spp. procedentes da Coleção de Germoplasma da Universidade Federal do Piauí, Brasil. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, no Departamento de Fitotecnia, do Centro de Ciências Agrárias, no município de Teresina, Piauí, obedecendo ao delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com três repetições. Na caracterização morfoagronômica dos acessos, conforme orientação do Bioversity International, utilizaram-se os seguintes descritores qualitativos e quantitativos para o gênero Capsicum: forma da folha, hábito de crescimento da planta, antocianina no nó da planta, posição da flor, cor da corola, cor do fruto no estado intermediário e maduro, forma do fruto, forma do ápice do fruto, textura da epiderme do fruto, comprimento do fruto, comprimento do pedicelo, persistência do fruto maduro e altura da planta. Dentre os dez acessos avaliados, sete foram considerados com potencial ornamental: CGC-06 (C. chinense), CGC-07 (C. chinense), CGC-11 (C. annuum var. glabriusculum), CGC-23 (C. chinense), CGC-36 (C. annuum var. glabriusculum), CGC-59 (C. annuum var. glabriusculum) e CGC-67 (C. annuum var. glabriusculum). O CGC 11 apresentou estética mais harmoniosa, com flores eretas, as quais são de fácil percepção; frutos eretos e vistosos e folhas de formato lanceolado.
Estrutura populacional da raça Girolando
Authors: Canaza-Cayo Ali William , Lopes Paulo Sávio , Silva Marcos Vinicius Gualberto Barbosa da , Cobuci Jaime Araújo , Torres Robledo de Almeida , Martins Marta Fonseca , Arbex Wagner Antonio
Published: November 2014

O objetivo neste estudo foi avaliar a estrutura genética da população de bovinos da raça Girolando no Brasil. Analisou-se o arquivo de pedigree de 26.969 animais, composto de 3.031 machos e 23.938 fêmeas. O nível de conteúdo de informação do pedigree na geração atual foi 61%, mostrando ser de qualidade moderada. O coeficiente de endogamia médio e o coeficiente de relação médio da população Girolando foram 0,11 e 0,13%, respectivamente. O tamanho efetivo da população, considerando a geração completa traçada, foi 188, acima do nível crítico. Do total de 9.457 ancestrais que contribuíram para a população de referência, 457 explicaram 50% da variabilidade genética da população. O número efetivo de fundadores foi 551 e o de ancestrais 393. O intervalo médio de geração foi de 5,26 anos, sendo ligeiramente maior nas trilhas gaméticas mãe-filho e pai-filha. A partir dos coeficientes estimados, pode-se concluir que a endogamia nos rebanhos da raça Girolando foi de pequena magnitude e que as práticas de acasalamento foram adequadas durante o período avaliado. No entanto, é importante continuar com o monitoramento desses coeficientes a fim de prevenir perda de variabilidade genética
Intake and ingestive behavior of rams fed with increasing inclusions of babassu endocarp meal I in their diet (Orbignya spp.)
Authors: Sá Hemilly Cristina Menezes de , Borges Iran , Macedo Junior Gilberto de Lima , Neiva José Neuman Miranda , Silva Veridiana Basoni , Sousa Jhone Tallison Lira de
Published: November 2014

The objective of this work was to investigate the ingestive behavior of sheep fed with different inclusions of babassu endocarp meal I. The animals receive isofibrous, isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets containing the by-product in increasing levels of inclusion (zero; 7,5%; 15%; 22,5%). Twenty rams were used in this study and distributed in four treatments with five repetitions each. The ingestive behavior was conducted over a period of 24 hours, with visual observations at 5 minutes intervals and the variables being: idle, ruminating, feeding and chewing. The study demonstrated that the dry matter intake in function of the body weight and the metabolic weight decreased linearly as the babassu endocarp meal I was included in the diet. The feeding, ruminating and chewing efficiency when expressed in grams/dry matter/hour was reduced in a linear response with the different inclusions of the by-product. The ingestive behavior of feeding, idle, rumination and chewing activities in minutes/day was not altered in this study
Macrobrachium amazonicum: an alternative for microbiological monitoring of aquatic environments in Brazil
Authors: Brilhante Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira , Paiva Manoel de Araújo Neto , Sampaio Célia Maria de Souza , Teixeira Carlos Eduardo Cordeiro , Ribeiro Joyce Fonteles , Castelo-Branco Débora de Souza Collares Maia , Bandeira Tereza de Jesus Pinheiro Gomes , Monteiro André Jalles , Cordeiro Rossana de Aguiar , Sidrim José Júlio Costa , Monteiro Frederico Ozanan Barros , Moreira José Luciano Bezerra , Rocha Marcos Fábio Gadelha
Published: November 2014

This study aimed to evaluate the role of the Amazon River prawn, Macrobrachium amazonicum, as carrier of Candida spp., by analyzing the correlation between Candida spp. from these prawns and their environment (surface water and sediment), through M13-PCR fingerprinting and RAPD-PCR. For this purpose, 27 strains of Candida spp. were evaluated. These strains were recovered from the gastrointestinal tract of adult M. amazonicum (7/27) from Catú Lake, Ceará State, Brazil and from the aquatic environment (surface water and sediment) of this lake (20/27). Molecular comparison between the strains from prawns and the aquatic environment was conducted by M13-PCR fingerprinting and RAPD-PCR, utilizing the primers M13 and OPQ16, respectively. The molecular analysis revealed similarities between the band patterns of eight Candida isolates with the primer M13 and 11 isolates with the primer OPQ16, indicating that the same strains are present in the digestive tract of M. amazonicum and in the aquatic environment where these prawns inhabit. Therefore, these prawns can be used as sentinels for environmental monitoring through the recovery of Candida spp. from the aquatic environment in their gastrointestinal tract
Controle de doenças foliares em trigo com equipamentos de pulverização de baixo volume de aplicação
Authors: Sari Bruno Giacomini , Stefanelo Maurício Silva , Lenz Giuvan , Costa Ivan Francisco Dressler da , Arrué Adriano , Augusti Guilherme Rossato , Pes Maiquel Pizzuti
Published: November 2014

A utilização de equipamentos de pulverização com menor volume de aplicação no controle de doenças é uma tendência na agricultura. Portanto, este trabalho tem por objetivo determinar a eficiência de equipamentos com baixo volume de aplicação no controle de doenças foliares do trigo. O experimento foi conduzido em duas safras agrícolas e três cultivares no município de Santa Maria, RS. Os tratamentos constituíram-se de diferentes equipamentos de pulverização, sendo eles: pontas hidráulicas do tipo leque (XR 110015) e cone vazio sem indução de ar (TX-VK6), ambos com volume de aplicação de 120L ha-1, atomizadores rotativos de discos, utilizando baixo volume oleoso (BVO(r)), com volumes de aplicação de 24L ha-1 e 34L ha-1 e uma testemunha sem aplicação. As gotas geradas pelos equipamentos (densidade, diâmetro mediano volumétrico) foram avaliadas através da utilização de papéis hidrosensíveis. Também foram avaliadas a severidade da mancha amarela e da ferrugem da folha. A utilização de bicos hidráulicos com volume de aplicação de 120L ha-1 apresentaram as maiores eficiências no controle das doenças. O atomizador rotativo de discos com volume de aplicação de 34L ha-1 apresentou eficiência no controle das doenças semelhantes ao bico hidráulico. A densidade de gotas foi superior a 40 gotas cm-2 em todos os tratamentos, mesmo nos tratamentos com atomizadores rotativos de disco com baixo volume de aplicação. O controle das doenças não apresentou relação direta com a cobertura mensurada pelos cartões hidrosensíveis
Effects of tramadol on tear production, intraocular pressure, and pupil size in dogs: clinical study
Authors: Ruiz Thaís , Peres Thalita Priscila da Silva , Campos Wilma Neres da Silva , Sorte Eveline da Cruz Boa , Ribeiro Alexandre Pinto
Published: November 2014

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of tramadol on tear production, intraocular pressure (IOP) and pupil diameter (PD) in healthy dogs. Dogs were randomly assigned to receive 4mg kg-1 (n=11) and 6mg kg-1 (n=11) of tramadol hydrochloride intramuscularly. Tear production (Schirmer tear test, STT-1), IOP (applanation tonometry) and the PD (electronic pachymetry) were assessed before, 30 and 60 minutes after administration of tramadol. Data were compared by analysis of variance for repeated measures (P<0.05). Parameters evaluated before, at 30 and 60min, in dogs treated with 4 and 6mg kg-1, were respectively: (STT-1) 22.50±3.38, 21.14±3.94 and 21.09±2.99mm min-1; and 23.05±3.73,22.64±3.76 and 22.82±3.25mm min-1. (IOP) 18.14±2.68, 17.68±2.59 and 18.23±3.84mmHg; and 19.05±2.27, 18.91±2.74 and 17.64±2.34mmHg. (PD) 6.71±0.65, 7.22±1.42 and 6.90±1.39mm; and 6.25±1.08, 6.80±1.27 and 6.49±0.90mm. All parameters evaluated did not change significantly among time points and dose regimen. Based on the conditions under which the experiments were conducted, tramadol did not affect tear production, IOP and PD in dogs, and could be used as a preoperative analgesic for intraocular surgery and pain control for any cause in patients affected by uveitis, glaucoma and keratoconjunctivitis sicca
Proposta de um modelo de avaliação dos fornecedores do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA): o caso do município de São Carlos - SP
Authors: Tanaca Eline Keiko Tsutiya , Souza Filho Hildo Meirelles de , Ganga Gilberto Miller Devós
Published: November 2014

Em 2003, foi criado o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA), no qual agricultores familiares comercializam sua produção junto aos órgãos públicos municipais, que a repassam aos restaurantes populares e banco de alimentos. Com o desenvolvimento do PAA, tornou-se necessária a existência de um modelo de avaliação constante do desempenho dos fornecedores, ou seja, dos agricultores familiares. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo propor um modelo de avaliação dos fornecedores, utilizando um scorecard que avaliasse e classificasse o desempenho dos agricultores familiares do PAA da Secretaria Municipal de Agricultura e Abastecimento (SMAA) do município de São Carlos - SP. A revisão teórica abordou temas referentes à logística e à gestão da cadeia de suprimentos, à medição e avaliação de desempenho e o pedido perfeito. Para o desenvolvimento do estudo de caso, foram realizadas entrevistas com aplicação de questionários semiestruturados junto aos envolvidos no programa. Com base nas informações obtidas, elaborou-se um modelo, que busca conciliar as necessidades da SMAA com os requisitos de um pedido perfeito. O modelo avalia os fornecedores por meio dos indicadores de uniformidade, nível de maturidade, pragas e doenças, pontualidade, entrega completa e entrega futura. Sua aplicação tem o objetivo de promover o desenvolvimento dos fornecedores e contribuir para a melhoria do abastecimento de produtos.
Efeito do fotoperíodo sobre o ciclo de vida e a morfometria da concha de Dysopeas muibum (Mollusca, Subulinidae) em condições de laboratório
Authors: Pilate Vinícius J. , Silva Lidiane C. , Bessa Elisabeth C. A.
Published: November 2014

Neste estudo teve-se como objetivo avaliar o efeito do fotoperíodo sobre o ciclo de vida e a morfometria da concha de Dysopeas muibum Marcus & Marcus, 1968 em condições de laboratório. Para tal, foram acompanhados o crescimento da concha, a liberação de filhotes e a mortalidade de 40 espécimes submetidos a condições naturais de temperatura, umidade relativa do ar e fotoperíodo, e 80 submetidos a condições controladas (40 com dias longos e 40 com dias curtos), desde o nascimento até 180 dias de vida, quando foram aferidas as medidas da concha. Verificou-se que o fotoperíodo não teve efeito sobre o padrão de crescimento indeterminado, a relação entre reprodução e crescimento, a iteroparidade e a baixa mortalidade antes e após a maturidade sexual. As condições controladas de temperatura, umidade relativa do ar e fotoperíodo favoreceram o crescimento, maiores valores conquiliomorfométricos e o rápido alcance da maturidade sexual, enquanto a diminuição do comprimento do dia favoreceu a fecundidade.
Taxonomic and numeric structure of Chironomidae (Diptera) in different habitats of a Neotropical floodplain
Authors: Butakka Cristina Márcia de Menezes , Gomes Luiz Carlos , Takeda Alice Michiyo
Published: November 2014

We characterized the local benthic Chironomidae by analyzing the numerical density, biomass, diversity index of Shannon-Wiener and dominance of larvae in the main channel of the Ivinhema River, in a secondary channel, in five lakes connected to the main channel and in five lakes without connection. Of the 68 taxa identified, Aedokritus sp., Tanytarsus sp., Chironomus strenzkei Fittkau, 1968 and Procladius sp.1 were found in all sampling sites and were considered morphospecies with greater of greatest ecological plasticity. Chironomus strenzkei Fittkau, 1968, contributed with the greatest biomass in the central region of lakes without connection, whereas Aedokritus sp. dominated in the littoral of lakes. The greater values of diversity indices in the littoral region of channels were due to the greater water flow and to the higher food availability in these areas. The dominance indices, by contrast, were greater on the central region of these environments. The littoral region has exclusive characteristics, representing habitats that could play important controlling in the numerical density and index diversity on the ecosystem, whereas that the biomass of benthic invertebrates in the central region in some biotopes would have different spatial probably according organisms drift.