bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quick, Easy and Exact Prefabrication Structural Module
Authors: Mulyono M , Sampebulu V , Nasruddin  , Hartawan
Published: May 2023

This study focuses on buildings designed to be placed anywhere in all regions of the country. With rapid economic growth and increasingly advanced technology, supported by advanced knowledge, it is necessary to have a wide span structure for buildings made in a simple and mass nature. Recently, there have been prefabricated technologies found for houses and dwellings. Unfortunately, the application of wide-span buildings, such as mass industrial buildings, has been lacking in development. This prefabricated technology is very useful for constructing buildings that are expected to be simpler and more precise. It is believed to be very beneficial in building construction not only for economic consideration but also for energy use. Furthermore, the time obtained is faster in completing building construction by using the disassembly module [1]. Also, to be adapted to the needs following the development of the present time and answer future needs. Because it experienced proper progress on the expected findings, the structural module of each part will later determine this prefabricated system with a knockdown system. In addition, it is expected that mass production in appropriate quantities and adapted to existing growth needs can be used in all regions of the world in response to future technological developments [2]. With advances in technology, structural modules are fast, easy, and precise and can be used in all regions of the world.
Development of durable class F fly ash based geopolymer concretes
Authors: Law David , Gunasekara Chamila , Patrisia Yulin , Fernando Sarah , Wardhono Arie
Published: May 2023

The production of Portland Cement (PC) has been shown to be responsible for 5-8% of global CO2 emissions. This has led to class F fly ash based geopolymer concrete being developed as a substiture for PC concrete for to reduce these global CO2 emissions. However, research has shown that each fly ash has unique characteristics and requires a specific mix design for each fly ash. This is can occupy a significant amount of time. Furthermore, before the mix can be adopted for commercial application it requires the long-term durability to be established. This gap is one of the primary limitations delaying the adoption of geopolymer concrete. While each fly ash is unique, they do have common characteristics which can be utilized to optimise the mix design process. Geopolymers are also known to have good durability characteristics, in particular for acid and sulphate exposure. This paper reports the mix design optimisation process for six class F fly ashes from Australia, Sri Lanka and Indonesia. The strength properties and durability performance of the optimised mixes is reported including the compressive strength development, chloride and carbonation resistance together with performance when exposed to sulphate and acidic media for the Indonesian fly ash, including to a simulated peat soil designed to replicate the conditions experienced in Indonesia.
The effect of flow rates and composition of culture medium in Chlorella Pyrenoidosa cultivation by CO2 injection method
Authors: Widayat  , Hawari M H
Published: May 2023

Carbon dioxide emission is one of the main causes of global warming, which is caused by the evolution of the atmosphere from a mixture of gases originating from the interior of the earth. To overcome the problem of CO2 gas emissions, efforts have been made to reduce CO2 emissions by capturing CO2 with the Carbon Capture Storage (CCS) method, which aims to reduce carbon emissions released into the atmosphere. Biological CO2 capture generally uses microalgae cultivation. Previous research has used an open pond development system, with varied types of microalgae. In this study, CO2 capture was carried out using microalgae species Chlorella pyrenoidosa in a photobioreactor (PBR). This study results an optimum biomass productivity for Chlorella pyrenoidosa, the variation of NaHCO3 0 ppm is 4.090 g. l−1. d−1 on day 7, followed by variation of flow rate is is 2.844 g. l−1. d−1 on day 7. Suggestions for further research is to calculate the optimal cost incurred at the optimal CO2 concentration that can be captured by microalgae and the resulting increase in the value of the biomass microalgae that can be produced so that the use of microalgae can carried out comprehensively.
Thermochemical Characteristics of Briquettes of The Low-Rank Coal Mixed with Charcoal Sawdust of Meranti Wood
Authors: Patabang D , Sam A , Basri
Published: May 2023

SMW is one of the most abundant biomass wastes found in the sawmill area in the city of Palu, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. This waste has the potential as a fuel to be mixed with the LRC in order to improve the thermal and chemical quality, as well as the combustion of the LRC. This study uses an experimental method by making LRC-SMW briquettes with a percentage addition of 10%, 30%, and 50% of SMW, respectively, into the LRC, the research phase begins with a proximate analysis to obtain thermal properties, ultimate analysis to obtain chemical properties, and the experiment of burning briquettes on a briquette stove with the method of boiling water. The results of the proximate analysis presented an increase in FC and HHV by 38.15% and 14.44%, respectively, and a decrease in M content by 70.69%. implications for improving the quality of LRC combustion. The thermal efficiency of briquette combustion increases with the addition of SMW into the LRC and the optimal amount of addition of SMW into the LRC is 10%, with the efficiency is 45.23%.
Analysis of Palu City’s Readiness Level Assessment Towards Adipura (case study: Siranindi Village)
Authors: Awalia R , Achsan A C , Luthfiah  , Ananda A
Published: May 2023

The utilisation of natural energy not only can reduce energy consumption in buildings but also can lower carbon emissions from the use of fossil fuel energy for building services. It is believed that with appropriate design and a good attitude of building users, the role of renewable energy in reducing carbon emissions will be maximised. This study proposed the implementation of Zero Energy Buildings (ZEB) concept in the initial stage of building design by considering buildings’ form and façade design in relation to daylighting, natural ventilation and thermal design of buildings, and photovoltaic placement to save energy and to produce electrical energy in the designed building. In this study, ZEB Concept is treated as a secondary consideration in producing the architectural design for Biohydrogen Research Centre. The primary design generator is based on the philosophy of chemical bonds form representing biohydrogen chemical bonds. For a successful implementation of the ZEB concept in the Biohydrogen Research Centre design, both active and passive means are utilised in the building design. For passive means, daylighting and natural ventilation strategies were applied. While for active means, photovoltaic panels were employed as the primary electrical energy generation. Energy demand scenarios were predicted and calculated by the amount of energy used for lighting, air conditioning, and other appliances in the building. The total area needed for photovoltaic installation was obtained by balancing the energy demand prediction with the expected energy generation. The resulting design showed a promising outcome where the building is expected to achieve surplus energy with a total of 845,595.5 kWh electricity per year.
Influence of The Number of Trapezoidal Labyrinth Weir Cycles on The Hydraulic Characteristics of The Weir
Authors: Rustiati N B , Ishak M G , Tanga A , Pali Z G
Published: May 2023

The labyrinth weir that is viewed from above has a zig-zag shape. The main objective is to extend the spillway so that the water level upstream of the weir is as low as possible or to increase the discharge capacity. The shapes of labyrinth weirs based upon cycle shape are triangular, trapezoidal, and rectangular. However, besides the shape of the spillway, several parameters affect its hydraulic characteristics. Therefore, this paper intends to explore the effect of the number of cycles on the trapezoidal labyrinth weir on the hydraulic characteristics of the weir, based on an experimental study. There are two types of model tests one-cycle and two-cycle. Both of the models have a 2300 mm length of the spillway and were made of fiber cement board with a thickness of 20 mm and tested in a rectangular flume of 950 mm width, under various discharges to fulfill the goals of this study. The results of this study show that the discharge capacity through a one-cycle model (0.0064m3/s to 0.0150 m3/s) has a larger capacity than that of a two-cycle model (0.0023m3/s to 0.0095 m3/s). Analyzing can determine that the most efficient hydraulically are the less cycle number of labyrinth weir.
The Ratio of Cement and Sand from Lake Bingkuang as Aggregate to Create Foam Mortar 2,000 kPa
Authors: Basri D R , Putri E E , Adji B M , Hakam A
Published: May 2023

Riau is known as the Province that has the largest peat soil where the construction of roads on peat soil will result in subsidence of the peat soil surface.The purpose of this study is to replace the top layer foundation for road construction with lighter and stronger materials according to the PUSJATAN 2013 standard with acompressive strength of more than 2000 kPa and volume weight less than 0.9 tons/m3by using foam mortar that consist of cement (PCC), sand, foam, and water. The test conducted include gradation analysis test and specific gravity test.Then proceed with making a mixture composition with a ratio of cement and sand 1C:0.4S, 1C:0.5S, 1C:0.6S, and 1C:0.7S in order to create a cylindrical sample with a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 20 cm. There are 3 samples in each ratio of cement and sand, so the total number of samples is 54. Then the volume weight test and compressive strength test were carried out using a CBR modified. From the test results, the sample with a cement amount of 525 kg and a ratio of 1C: 0.6S can float in water, with a density of 0.834 tons/m3 and compressive strength of 2,401.40 kPa.
Comparative Analysis on Lateral Strength of Multi-Span RC Frame with Different Types of Infill Walls
Authors: Nugroho F , Zaidir  , Tanjung J , Maidiawati
Published: May 2023

The seismic behaviour studies of structures with RC frame show that the wall with the infill significantly improved the structures lateral strength. However, since the numerical analysis of the structures considers the infill walls as non-structural components, the analysis rarely includes the infills. It is strongly recommended in the further research to investigate the behaviour of RC structures under seismic load for having the infill as one of the important components in their design process. This study developed two numerical models of multi-span RC frames; 1) with walls made of brick masonry, and 2) with wall made of lightweight block masonry. Furthermore, the results were compared with the analysis of lateral strength of the models. In order to verify the results, a comparison with the prior analytical study and experimental results was conducted.
Post-disaster rapid assessment of Sunda Strait tsunami on 24th–25th December 2018 in the Regencies of Serang and Pandeglang, Province of Banten, Indonesia
Authors: Tiwi D A , Sudiana N , Prihartanto  , Turyana I , Prawiradisastra F , Zahro Q , Astisiasari
Published: May 2023

Post-disaster rapid assessment of the Sunda Strait Tsunami was conducted on 24th–25th December 2018 in five selected sample sites. These study sites were located on the western coast of the Regencies of Serang and Pandeglang, and represented a range of damages, losses, and needs. The aims of this assessment are: (1) measuring the tsunami wave dimensions, (2) observing the landscape conditions, and (3) investigating the affected land cover. The physical damages were investigated based on the tsunami wave dimension analysis, by using a direct-field measurement, drone-based survey, and local interviews. The results show that (1) the greatest trace of tsunami dimensions in Tanjung Jaya Village, Panimbang District, Pandeglang Regency was subjected to the highest fatality, (2) the open landscape aggravated the tsunami impact, compared to the landscape with perennial trees or hilly topography, and (3) the severely destructed buildings were usually on the nearest coastline, where Sambolo residential area in Sukarame Village had the worst impact. These conditions were exacerbated by: (1) the absence of coastal retaining structures as physical defense, and (2) built-on facilities on reclaimed land that violated government regulation. Additionally, this paper proposes several recommendations to support the next phase of mitigation strategies and sustainable planning.
A Comparison of 1-D S-wave Velocity Profile Resulting from Microtremor Array Method and Lithology Profile from Borehole Data in Jakarta
Authors: Ridwan Mohamad , Soehaimi Asdani , Moechtar Rio Alcanadre Tanjung
Published: May 2023

The subsurface investigation is very important in seismic hazard assessment for the city scale because it greatly affects the propagation of seismic waves on the surface related to the amplification phenomenon caused by the thickness and hardness of the surface sediment. Local geology and geotechnical conditions for seismic hazard analysis are represented by site class which is determined based on the value of Vs30 or NSPT30, besides that it is also necessary to know the depth of the bedrock. In general, the availability of these data in the cities in Indonesia is very limited, so it is necessary to conduct a field survey which is one of the methods using the microtremor array survey method. This paper has presented the results of subsurface investigations in Kembangan Jakarta using the microtremor array method and their comparison with borehole data that was carried out at adjacent locations. The analysis results of those methods show a positive correlation between the 1-D shear wave velocity profile and lithology where the top layer has low S-wave velocity (Vs) correlated with soft rock. The S-wave velocity increases with depth which is correlated with hard rock that is indicated by lithology as hard sandstone. The results of this study are very useful for applying the array microtremor method in other cities considering it is very simple in operation.
Placement of geotextile tubes as coastal management of way hawang seashore area at Bengkulu Province
Authors: Pattipawaej O C
Published: May 2023

Way Hawang Beach, one of coastal tourist attraction, located in Way Hawang Village, Maje, Kaur Regency, Bengkulu Province is suffering from erosion. The regular erosion speed is approximately 2 to 3 meters/year, taking the distance from Way Hawang coastline to West Sumatra Causeway which around 250 meters. Efforts to eradicate abrasion on Way Hawang Coast are mostly carried out using coastal protective structures. One of the breakwater structures that can reduce wave energy is geotextile tubes, which is a low-threshold breakwater structure. Geotextile tubes create a synthetic barrier along shorelines and beaches to help control erosion. Geotextile tubes placement plays an important role in the overall protection system performance. The geotextile tubes are simulated in the abrasion and accretion positions on the Way Hawang coast. The simulation results indicated that the position between abrasion and accretion are the most effective position to manage and to avoid erosion in Way Hawang coast’s area at Bengkulu Province.
Liquefaction Mitigation Analysis Using Vertical Drain
Authors: Novasari H , Hakam A , Andriani
Published: May 2023

Liquefaction in semi-permeable soils such as fine sands occurs when the required time to transfer the pore water pressure into the form of effective stress is longer than the increased time of pore water pressure. Therefore, liquefaction mitigation needs to be done to speed up the air pressure flow time during an earthquake such as using vertical drains in this study. The data used here are adopted from previous studies that have been taken from a field test in Air Tawar, Padang. The results showed there is liquefaction potential based on soil data processing. The equivalent circle diameter value for the vertical drain is 1.2 m or a radial equivalent value of 0.6 m. Based on the analysis, the 60% pore water pressure dissipation within 20 seconds was obtained at a distance of 0.291 m in the radial direction. From the data above, it can be obtained that the vertical drain is capable of dissipating 60% of water pressure within 20 seconds to avoid liquefaction within the soil mass. Then it can be concluded that the application of vertical drain at a certain distance and depth can mitigate liquefaction in soil layers.
Effectiveness analysis of East Sunter polder system for flood control management using HEC-HMS & HEC-RAS software
Authors: Novrima A , Anggraheni E
Published: May 2023

DKI Jakarta is the capital city of Indonesia well known as a city with the most rapid development and growth in the country. This indicates that with the increase in the population of Jakarta, the need for a considerable change of land use cannot be denied. Environmental problems will get worse over time and have resulted in flooding in Jakarta which has been the concern of the local government every year. A polder system is stated to be effective in resolving flood problems especially in Jakarta that cannot drain water by gravity. The goal is to give out recommendation that is based on the existing inundation map of East Sunter II Petukangan polder system using HEC-RAS-Ras Mapper by adding pump system and storage area. The result will indicate the effectivity of the East Sunter II Petukangan polder system, as well as to give out recommendation effectiveness to the flood control management using HEC-RAS.
Population distribution analysis in Banda Aceh City for tsunami disaster risk reduction
Authors: Amri I , Alami R R , Serlia A
Published: May 2023

Areas affected by the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami have recovered following a long-term reconstruction process, including Banda Aceh City, Indonesia. Using data from the Statistics Indonesia, this study aims to analyze population dynamics in Banda Aceh City, starting from 2004 (pre-tsunami), 2005 (shortly after the tsunami), as well as 2010 and 2020 (post-reconstruction phase). Population dynamics are calculated at the sub-district (kecamatan) level by observing trends and changes in size and rank based on population density and population growth rate values. Some of the tsunami-affected sub-districts have experienced population recovery to pre-disaster levels, while population growth in safe areas is relatively high in line with development directions to the east and south of the city. However, disaster risk reduction tasks will be even more challenging as the population in coastal areas is growing at an alarming rate. Therefore, the government needs to design a comprehensive policy to minimize the population’s exposure to the tsunami hazard.
Landfilling as individual adaptation for coastal flooding (Rob) countermeasures in North Central Java
Authors: Purnomo S N , Widiyanto W , Suroso
Published: May 2023

The northern coastline of Central Java is vulnerable to coastal floods. In recent years, the area impacted by coastal flooding on the northern shore of Central Java has grown and encroached further onto the mainland. This precipitated the “sinking” of Central Java’s northern coast. The deterioration of the north shore of Central Java has a social and economic impact on the local community. Every year floods along the northern shore of Central Java cause growing property losses, particularly for the region’s residents. This forces the local community if they wish to continue living in the area, to adapt to the severe conditions in their immediate environment. Each member of the local community undertakes the adaptation process of filling the soil to raise the elevation of their home and the infrastructure surrounding it. This study demonstrates that using landfilling to elevate the base elevation of dwellings and road infrastructure is a successful adaptation technique; nevertheless, it will incur large expenses for the people, as the landfilling process would need to be repeated frequently due to sea level rise.
A study of community slope risk and awareness in Penang, Malaysia
Authors: Ahmad F , Azmi S I , Rajan V , Hashim N , Azmi M , Putri E E
Published: May 2023

Malaysia faces a high probability of experiencing landslide disasters, particularly during rainy weather. Copious rain would result in landslide prone areas with low slope strength; thus increasing the possibility of landslide disasters occurring and threatening the safety of surrounding communities. The locations of this study are in the state of Penang that has been listed as landslide prone areas, namely Mukim 17 at Batu Ferringhi, as well as Tanjung Bungah and Tanjung Tokong, two areas which are in Mukim 18. This research aims to map community slope risk areas and to evaluate the understanding, knowledge, and awareness of the community on slope risk and landslides. There are two methods involved, namely GIS and survey. The findings show that the estimated community slope risk mapping is 24.71% and 20.62% of inhabitants living in high risks landslide zones in Mukim 17 and 18. 62 respondents participated in the survey and the result analysis shows that more than 50% have a strong fundamental knowledge of slope risks, while less than 50% are aware of possible landslide risks, and 42.6% will always obey an evacuation order. Overall findings show that most of the community does have a general awareness of slope risks and landslides.
Strategy for improving Green Open Space (RTH) based on community participation in reduce the risk of flood disaster in Jakarta
Authors: Salsabila P , Maarif S , Sari D A P
Published: May 2023

Natural Floods are the main form of environmental disaster worldwide in terms of frequency, and scale is associated with a tenfold increase in costs over the last half-century. Generally, chronic flood disasters occur in several cities in Southeast Asia, including Jakarta. Misuse of spatial planning is said to be the main factor causing flooding. A community-based approach in urban planning with Green Open Space (RTH) can be a solution to reducing the risk of flood disasters. Through giving directions to the community to comply with regulations in building settlements, administering Building Permits, and consulting first with the PTSP of the nearest sub-district or sub-district before buying land, it is something that the community can do so that the percentage of land use mismatches and land use conversion does not increase.
Structural mitigation of rob flood disaster through mangrove forest conservation in Indonesia coastal areas
Authors: Adani N , Subiakto Y , Pranoto S
Published: May 2023

Natural disasters that occur can disrupt human life and result in human casualties, environmental damage, property losses, and psychological impacts. One of the natural disasters that occur every year in Indonesia is flooding. Floods that occur due to inundation of rainwater only during the rainy season or coastal abrasion/rob. The causes of tidal flooding vary from natural conditions to human activities in coastal areas. The state of the reduced mangrove area that can potentially cause tidal flooding, the greater the impact and the more frequent the frequency. The purpose of this study is to increase awareness of the importance of structural-based mitigation in mitigating tidal flooding in coastal areas of Indonesia to the community, government and non-governmental organizations or organizations. The method in this study uses a qualitative descriptive approach using secondary data in the form of literature, books, laws, and research journals. The condition of mangrove forest areas that are increasingly critical requires synergies between ministries, namely playing a role in determining protected areas and cultivating mangrove forests, managing mangroves at the community level, especially related to forest area management and community empowerment and supported by the use of technology such as drones in massive mangrove replanting.
Analyzing the impact of community-based approaches on disaster preparedness to the risk of tropical cyclone induced flooding in Chimanimani District, Zimbabwe
Authors: Rangarirai W , Marnani C , Rahmat A
Published: May 2023

The rate of recurrence and intensity of hydro-meteorological disasters affecting Zimbabwe is increasing, leading to severe butterfly impacts on socio-economic development. This paper aims at reporting the findings of the case study on the impact of Community-based approaches to disaster preparedness to the risk of tropical cyclone induced flooding in Chimanimani district, Zimbabwe. The findings might help bridge gaps in community preparedness and future response to the risk of tropical cyclone flooding, thus reducing vulnerability and exposure. Primary data for research was obtained through online semi-structured interviews. Seventy-eight (78) research participants were engaged for a deeper understanding of the impact of CBA on disaster preparedness. Secondary data was gathered through document analysis by perusing, evaluating and reading summaries and conclusions from previous research work, books and journals. The Delphi model was used to measure the impact of community based approaches to disaster preparedness. The major study finding was that community-oriented training has a significantly high impact on individual level of disaster preparedness. The study recommended policy makers to propagate the implementation of community oriented disaster management training programs as the most prudent strategy to reduce the impacts of tropical cyclone induced floods in Chimanimani district, in Zimbabwe.
Effect of special-shaped texture on tribological properties of PTFE-based friction material/CuSn6 friction pair
Authors: Shuaishuai Zeng
Published: May 2023

In this paper, special-shaped textures with different sizes and densities were fabricated on the surface of CuSn6 by laser, and the friction and wear properties were tested by a multifunctional friction and wear tester. The experimental results show that different friction coefficients can be obtained in the vertical and inclined planes of the special-shaped texture. When the special-shaped texture size is 600 μm, the friction coefficient ring increases gradually with the increase of special-shaped texture density. The wear loss of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) based friction materials decreases gradually, effectively improving the wear resistance of PTFE-based friction materials.
Influence of tool pin profiles on waviness and natural frequency during friction stir welding of Al-Li alloys plates
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Soni Ashish , Katiyar Jitendra Kumar , Kumar Sachin , Roy Barnik Saha
Published: May 2023

The third generation of Al-Li 2050-T84 alloy was primarily used in aerospace industries due to its exceptional potential for weight saving, high strength, and increased fatigue crack growth resistance. In the present research, three different types of tool pin profiles, namely, hybrid, taper threaded, and triangular, were used to join 2050-T84 Al-Li alloy by using Friction Stir Welding (FSW) at a constant rotational speed of 23.33 rotation/second with a traverse speed of 0.003 meters per second and tilt angle of 2°. The research explored the effect of different tools on weld bead structure, waviness and natural frequency of welded plates. The experimental results show that the hybrid tool pin side generates 10.9% higher heat than the threaded taper tool and 25.8% higher than the triangular tool. Moreover, the hybrid tool produces 50.1% lower waviness of welded specimens than the threaded taper tool and 55.7% lower than the triangular tool at the nugget zone (NZ). The research established that a hybrid tool pin profile is advantageous as it generates a higher frequency and lower acceleration under the applied load in friction stir welded specimens.
Establishment of empirical relations amidst mechanical attributes of friction stir welded distinctive alloys of Mg and optimized process parameters
Authors: I John Solomon , P Sevvel , J Gunasekaran , S J Rajarajan
Published: May 2023

This experimental investigation aims to formulate quadratic regression based empirical model taking into account the parameters of friction stir welding (FSW) process for predicting the optimized process parameters to maximize the response (i.e., ultimate tensile strength) of the distinctive alloys of Mg joints. Parameters of FSW process taken into consideration includes tool’s traverse speed, axial force and rotational speed of tool and response being the fabricated joint’s tensile strength. A central composite rotatable category 3–factor, 5 level design based matrix was formulated and response surface methodology was used to obtain regression based models, to generate contour plots and to visualize the interactive impacts of parameters on the joint’s tensile strength. Formulated quadratic regression based model was validated employing analysis of variance. Comparison amidst the realistic and anticipated values of the response announced the superior fitting accuracy of the formulated quadratic model. For a constant tool’s rotational speed (of 1000 rpm to 1250 rpm), the tensile strength was observed to be highly sensitive to the axial force values than the tool traverse speed values. Mean tensile strength of the friction stir welded AZ31B, AZ80A, AZ91C, AM50A and ZK51A-T5 Mg joints during the employment of optimized process parameters were found to be 217.5 MPa, 251.4 MPa, 231.9 MPa, 192.1 MPa and 173.2 MPa respectively, thereby exhibiting perfect agreement with the anticipated values.
Stationary quantum entanglement and steering between two distant macromagnets
Authors: Xie Jikun , Yuan Huaiyang , Ma Shengli , Gao Shaoyan , Li Fuli , Duine Rembert A
Published: May 2023

Generating and manipulating magnon quantum states for quantum information processing is a central topic in quantum magnonics. The conventional strategy amplifies the nonlinear interaction among magnons to manifest their quantum correlations at cryogenic temperatures, which is challenging for magnets with vanishingly small nonlinearities. Here we propose an unconventional approach to prepare entangled states of two distant magnon modes by applying a two-tone Floquet field to each magnet inside a microwave cavity. The Floquet driving can effectively generate parametric interaction between magnons and photons, and thus opens an indirect entanglement channel between the two magnon modes mediated by cavity photons. By optimizing the relative ratio of the magnon–photon coupling and the detuning between the magnon modes, the two magnon modes can reach a stationary and robust entanglement, of which the strength is enhanced compared with entanglement generated via magnetic nonlinearities. Furthermore, one-way steering between the two magnets is realized by engineering unequal damping rates of the two magnets while the steering asymmetry can be efficiently modulated by tuning the coupling strength of magnons and cavity photons. The essential physics of our findings universally applies to a wide class of magnets with small nonlinearities and may find promising applications in engineering robust magnon quantum states for quantum information science.
Reducing molecular electronic Hamiltonian simulation cost for linear combination of unitaries approaches
Authors: Loaiza Ignacio , Khah Alireza Marefat , Wiebe Nathan , Izmaylov Artur F
Published: May 2023

We consider different linear combination of unitaries (LCU) decompositions for molecular electronic structure Hamiltonians. Using these LCU decompositions for Hamiltonian simulation on a quantum computer, the main figure of merit is the 1-norm of their coefficients, which is associated with the quantum circuit complexity. It is derived that the lowest possible LCU 1-norm for a given Hamiltonian is half of its spectral range. This lowest norm decomposition is practically unattainable for general Hamiltonians; therefore, multiple practical techniques to generate LCU decompositions are proposed and assessed. A technique using symmetries to reduce the 1-norm further is also introduced. In addition to considering LCU in the Schrödinger picture, we extend it to the interaction picture, which substantially further reduces the 1-norm.
Predicting the minimum control time of quantum protocols with artificial neural networks
Authors: Sevitz Sofia , Mirkin Nicolás , Wisniacki Diego A
Published: May 2023

Quantum control relies on the driving of quantum states without the loss of coherence, thus the leakage of quantum properties into the environment over time is a fundamental challenge. One work-around is to implement fast protocols, hence the Minimal Control Time (MCT) is of upmost importance. Here, we employ a machine learning network in order to estimate the MCT in a state transfer protocol. An unsupervised learning approach is considered by using a combination of an autoencoder network with the k-means clustering tool. The Landau–Zener (LZ) Hamiltonian is analyzed given that it has an analytical MCT and a distinctive topology change in the control landscape when the total evolution time is either under or over the MCT. We obtain that the network is able to not only produce an estimation of the MCT but also gains an understanding of the landscape’s topologies. Similar results are found for the generalized LZ Hamiltonian while limitations to our very simple architecture were encountered.
Social and Legal Justice for People Given a Mental Health Diagnosis? A Real Possibility, or an Impossible Dream?
Authors: Gould Dorothy
Published: May 2023

This article represents reflections on current social and legal issues for people given a mental diagnosis, from a lived experience perspective. The article addresses:

• Major obstacles to social and legal justice for people with this lived experience.

• What differences people with lived experience have been able to make.

• Key challenges for the British Association of Social Workers (BASW) from a lived experience perspective.

The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is used as a basis for the reflections. The article has a particular emphasis on literature written, or substantially influenced by disabled people, including people with lived experience of receiving a mental health diagnosis. The user-led group Liberation is utilised as an example of what difference people with lived experience can make to obstacles which they experience. Three challenges are made to BASW, related to utilising the Convention to ensure social and legal justice for us, confronting human rights breaches in the draft Mental Health Bill and working in partnership with user-led groups in these spheres.
My Journey from being a Social Worker, to a service user, to an expert by experience
Authors: Regler Rebecca
Published: May 2023

This reflective piece is an autoethnographic account of transitioning from being a social worker to being an expert by experience on a social work course. I undertook an undergraduate degree in social work eight years ago and was an enthusiastic newly qualified social worker. Sadly, shortly after graduating I became very unwell, and I became disabled. I was no longer well enough to work as a social worker. I was devastated and it had a significant impact on my mental health as I went through a process which felt akin to grieving for my old life. I will reflect upon theories and models, which have helped me to understand this process and transition including theories of loss and a model of recovery. Involving people with lived experience of social work services (otherwise known as experts by experience) has been a mandatory requirement in social work education since 2003. I contacted my previous university and enquired how I could become an expert by experience. This was a pivotal moment both in acceptance of my disability and in connection with my ‘previous’ life. What struck me about becoming a service user was that it wasn’t the theories or the interventions that I came away from an appointment remembering, it was the felt experience, did I feel heard? Did I feel cared for? Did I feel empathy? Those elements were the most important, the foundation of the relationship is what made the intervention successful. So, now I promote a relationship-based approach being at the core of good social work practice. Becoming a service user deepened my understanding of what social work really should be.
Dynamic Virtual Machine Scheduling Using Residual Optimum Power-Efficiency In The Cloud Data Center
Authors: Ajmera Kashav , Kumar Tewari Tribhuwan
Published: May 2023

Cloud data center serves tremendous workload demand due to the ever-increasing usage of internet services. Scheduling of these workloads over the physical servers is the combinatorial problem that resembles to an NP-complete problem. Furthermore, the workload is dynamic and changes at each scheduling interval result in high power consumption and Service Level Agreement (SLA) violation. Virtual Machine (VM) migrations provide the opportunity to balance this dynamic workload. However, it results in additional power consumption and performance loss. Therefore, this paper aims to find the optimal VM scheduling with minimum VM migration to minimize power consumption and ensure the SLA. This paper proposes a Residual Optimum Power Efficiency (ROPE) aware Improved Clonal Selection Algorithm (ICSA) for dynamic VM scheduling. ICSA-ROPE algorithm finds optimal VM schedules at each scheduling interval guided by two optimization functions Total Datacenter Residual Optimum Power-Efficiency (TDCROPE) and VM Migration Cost (VMC). TDCROPE ensures that servers operate at optimum power efficiency as they consume less power and are less prone to SLA violation, while VMC ensures to find optimal VM schedule with minimum VM migrations. The proposed approach is implemented on a CloudSim simulator, and results show that the ICSA-ROPE is 95.54 %,90.34% and 88.49% more significant in terms of performance efficiency than the LrMmt, DthMf and VMS-MCSA.
When a Habit Meets a Habit at the City Dump: Persistence and Adaptability of Habit in Única mirando al mar (2010)
Authors: Carpenter Victoria
Published: May 2023

Fernando Contreras Castro’s novel Única mirando al mar (1993 and 2010) is a bitter, scathing social critique of Costa Rica’s government, a government which only occasionally remembers its duty to its taxpayers and its environment. Rewritten in 2010 after the closure of Río Azul, a landfill near San José, the novel explores the way this action affected the population of the landfill, locally known as the buzos. Analyses of the novel address primarily the buzos’ resilience and the complexity of the relationship between the buzos’ society and the rest of the country. This study will consider the buzos’ society as a social order based on habit, and trace its adaptability and persistence in the face of multiple changes to the buzos’ life. To this end, I will use the theory of posthegemony with a particular focus on Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts of habit and habitus to explore the adaptability and persistence of the buzos’ habitus as reflected in habitual practices, rituals and ritual language. I will analyse the 2010 version of the novel, published after the closure of the landfill.
y-mtPTM: Yeast mitochondrial posttranslational modification database
Authors: Brejová Bronislava , Vozáriková Veronika , Agarský Ivan , Derková Hana , Fedor Matej , Harmanová Dominika , Kiss Lukáš , Korman Andrej , Pašen Martin , Brázdovič Filip , Vinař Tomáš , Nosek Jozef , Tomáška Ľubomír
Published: May 2023

One powerful strategy of how to increase the complexity of cellular proteomes is through posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of proteins. Currently, there are ∼400 types of PTMs, the different combinations of which yield a large variety of protein isoforms with distinct biochemical properties. Although mitochondrial proteins undergoing PTMs were identified nearly 6 decades ago, studies on the roles and extent of PTMs on mitochondrial functions lagged behind the other cellular compartments. The application of mass spectrometry for the characterization of the mitochondrial proteome as well as for the detection of various PTMs resulted in the identification of thousands of amino acid positions that can be modified by different chemical groups. However, the data on mitochondrial PTMs are scattered in several data sets, and the available databases do not contain a complete list of modified residues. To integrate information on PTMs of the mitochondrial proteome of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we built the yeast mitochondrial posttranslational modification (y-mtPTM) database (http://compbio.fmph.uniba.sk/y-mtptm/). It lists nearly 20,000 positions on mitochondrial proteins affected by ∼20 various PTMs, with phosphorylated, succinylated, acetylated, and ubiquitylated sites being the most abundant. A simple search of a protein of interest reveals the modified amino acid residues, their position within the primary sequence as well as on its 3D structure, and links to the source reference(s). The database will serve yeast mitochondrial researchers as a comprehensive platform to investigate the functional significance of the PTMs of mitochondrial proteins.
Are asymmetric inheritance systems an evolutionary trap? Transitions in the mechanism of paternal genome loss in the scale insect family Eriococcidae
Authors: Hodson Christina N , Toon Alicia , Cook Lyn G , Ross Laura
Published: May 2023

Haplodiploidy and paternal genome elimination (PGE) are examples of asymmetric inheritance, where males transmit only maternally inherited chromosomes to their offspring. Under haplodiploidy, this results from males being haploid, whereas under PGE, males inherit but subsequently exclude paternally inherited chromosomes from sperm. Their evolution involves changes in the mechanisms of meiosis and sex determination and sometimes also dosage compensation. As a result, these systems are thought to be an evolutionary trap, meaning that once asymmetric chromosome transmission evolves, it is difficult to transition back to typical Mendelian transmission. We assess whether there is evidence for this idea in the scale insect family Eriococcidae, a lineage with PGE and the only clade with a suggestion that asymmetric inheritance has transitioned back to Mendelian inheritance. We conduct a cytological survey of 13 eriococcid species, and a cytological, genetic, and gene expression analysis of species in the genus Cystococcus, to investigate whether there is evidence for species in this family evolving Mendelian chromosome transmission. Although we find that all species we examined exhibit PGE, the mechanism is extremely variable within Eriococcidae. Within Cystococcus, in fact, we uncover a previously undiscovered type of PGE in scale insects that acts exclusively in meiosis, where paternally inherited chromosomes in males are present, uncondensed, and expressed in somatic cells but eliminated prior to meiosis. Broadly, we fail to find evidence for a reversion from PGE to Mendelian inheritance in Eriococcidae, supporting the idea that asymmetric inheritance systems such as PGE may be an evolutionary trap.
Successful completion of onchocerciasis elimination mapping (OEM) in Niger, West Africa
Authors: Adamou Salissou , Boakye Daniel , Bouckari Laouali , Heggen Anne , Tallant Jamie , Youssouf Yayé , Mackenzie Charles D
Published: May 2023

Background

By 1987, onchocerciasis in Niger had been successfully controlled in the six endemic river basins. In 2017, onchocerciasis elimination mapping (OEM) was carried out to determine if there was any ongoing transmission in the country as a whole.

Methods

The recommended OEM procedures were implemented.

Results

Ten districts, that included 35 villages, required field investigation as sites of possible transmission. None of these were found capable of supporting black fly breeding, nor was there any evidence of the presence of Simulium sp. flies.

Conclusions

The implementation of OEM indicates that there is no transmission of onchocerciasis currently taking place in these newly assessed sites in Niger.
Chemical composition, energy content and apparent total tract digestibility of extruded full fat soybean from different sources fed to non-gestating, gestating and lactating sows
Authors: Wang Ya , Li Guowei , Ma Xiangyuan , Xu Shengyu , Lin Yan , Hua Lun , Li Jian , Feng Bin , Fang Zhengfeng , Jiang Xuemei , Zhuo Yong , Che Lianqiang , Wu De
Published: May 2023

This experiment was conducted to determine the chemical composition, digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME) and the apparent total tract (ATTD) of nutrients in six extruded full fat soybean (EFSB) samples from different sources fed to non-gestating, gestating and lactating sows. Forty-two non-gestating sows (Landrace × Yorkshire; parity 3 to 5), 42 gestating sows (Landrace × Yorkshire; parity 3 to 5; day 90 of gestation) and 42 lactating sows (Landrace × Yorkshire; parity 3 to 5; day 6 of lactation) were assigned to seven dietary treatments including a corn-based diet and six diets containing 30.24% EFSB from different sources in a completely randomized design with six replicate sows per dietary treatment. Total fecal and urine collection method was used during non-gestation and gestation, and the index method was used during lactation (0.3% chromic oxide). Differences in the chemical composition of the six EFSB samples from different sources were mainly reflected in ether extract, ash, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber, total dietary fiber, insoluble dietary fiber, soluble dietary fiber, and vitamin and micro minerals content, with a coefficient of variation ≥8.37%. The potassium hydroxide solubility of the six EFSB samples varied from 66.60% to 85.55%. There were no differences in ATTD of NDF between different EFSB samples. Additionally, there were no differences in ME values and ME/DE ratios between different physiological stages, but ATTD of NDF were higher for non-gestating and gestating sows than lactating sows (P < 0.01). In conclusion, EFSB can be used as a high-quality energy ingredient with high DE and ME values when fed to sows. DE values of EFSB in non-gestating, gestating, and lactating sows were 20.50, 20.70, and 20.02 MJ/kg, respectively, while ME values of EFSB was 19.76 MJ/kg in both non-gestating and gestating sows.