bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Die meting van die invloed van organisasiegrootte op bruin werkers se houdings en gedrag
Authors: Van der Bank R.
Published: August 2012

A survey of the literature indicates inconsistencies regarding the influence of size of organizations on variables such as efficiency of personnel selection systems, training, labour turnover, job absenteeism, job efficiency and so forth. In the Western Cape ten "large" factories were selected (number of Coloured workers 300 or more) and compared with 17 "small" factories (number of Coloured workers less than 50). By means of t-tests, statistical significant differences were found in respect of the following variables on which large organizations appeared more favourable: 1) more selection techniques are used; 2) selection programmes are more effective; 3) more training techniques are used; 4) training programmes are more effective; 5) workers are more satisfied; 6) the average job adjustment for workers are higher, and 7) workers are more satisfied with their salaries or wages. However, no significant differences were found in respect of labour turnover, absenteeism and job needs.Opsomming'n Oorsig van die literatuur dui daarop dat bevindinge onkonsekwent is wat betref die invloed van die grootte van organisasies op veranderlikes soos die doeltreffendheid van personeel-keuringstelsels, opleiding, arbeidsomset, werkafwesigheid, werkdoeltreffendheid en so meer. In Wes-Kaapland is tien "groot" fabrieke geselekteer (aantal bruin werkers 300 of meer) en vergelyk met 17 "klein" fabrieke (aantal bruin werkers minder as 50). Met behulp van t-toetse is statisties beduidende verskille gevind ten opsigte van die volgende veranderlikes waarvolgens groot organisasies meer gunstig vertoon: 1) meer keuringstegnieke word gebruik; 2) die doeltreffendheid van die keurings-programme is hoër; 3) meer opleidingstegnieke word gebruik; 4) opleidingsprogramme is meer doeltreffend; 5) werkers is meer tevrede; 6) werkers se gemiddelde beroepsaanpassing is beter, en 7) werkers is meer tevrede met hul salarisse of lone. Geen betekenisvolle verskille is egter gevind ten opsigte van arbeidsomset, werkafwesigheid en werkbehoeftes nie.
The promotion of career adjustment by means of an experientially based career development programme
Authors: Janse P. W. , Blignaut C. J. H.
Published: August 2012

According to the NIPR (1980) there appears to be a shortage of adequate services and professional assistances in the area of career information and vocational guidance. This state of affairs may partly be attributed to the time consuming nature of interviews and testing which traditionally are associated with the vocational guidance process. In this study an attempt was made to examine a "self-help" method of career development. No statistical significant differences on a number of appropriate criteria could be found between a control group and a group who participated in the career development programme. Although the study questions the validity of "selfhelp" programmes, some factors emerged which suggest that this conclusion be regarded as tentative.OpsommingSover dit loopbaanvoorligting en loopbaaninligtingsdienste aangaan, blyk daar volgens die NIPN (1980) 'n tekort aan voldoende dienste en professionele hulp in Suid-Afrika te wees. Die toedrag van sake kan waarskynlik deels toegeskryf word aan die tydrowendheid van onderhoude en toetsing wat deel is van die tradisionele loopbaanvoorligtingsproses. In die studie is 'n poging aangewend om 'n "self-help" metode van loopbaanontwikkeling te ondersoek. Geen statisties beduidende verskille op 'n aantal toepaslike kriteria kon tussen 'n kontrolegroep en 'n groep wat aan die loopbaanont-wikkelingsprogram deelgeneem het, gevind word nie. Ofskoon die studie 'n vraagteken oor die doeltreffendheid van "self-help" programme plaas, het ‘n aantal faktore gekristalliseer wat toon dat die gevolgtrekking hoogstens tentatief kan wees.
Information search and media usage amongst adolescent Sowetons
Authors: Rousseau D. , Saunders S.
Published: August 2012

This study investigates the buying behaviour of black adolescents in Soweto, with the aim of uncovering underlying trends which may be characteristic of other urban black teenagers. Specific objectives included investigating information search and media usage for confectionery products amongst black adolescents in Soweto. Data were gathered from a sample of 641 school children by means of administered questionnaires. Results indicate that urban black adolescents are relatively sophisticated consumers giving preference to consumer-dominated information sources (friends) though market-dominated sources (T.V. advertising) were also regarded as important. The findings also highlight the potential power of the influence of opinion leaders on adolescent buying behaviour as well as the importance of reaching them in advertising campaigns.Opsomming Hierdie studie ondersoek die koopgedrag van Swart adolessente in Soweto ten einde onderliggende tendense wat verteenwoordigend van ander Swart stedelike tieners mag wees, te identifiseer. Spesifieke doelstellings sluit in die ondersoek van inligtinginwinningsaktiwiteite en mediagebruik by lekkergoedaankope onder Swart adolessente in Soweto. Data is ingewin van 'n steekproef van 641 skoliere met behulp van vraelyste. Bevindinge toon dat stedelike Swart adolessente relatief gesofistikeerde verbruikers is wat voorkeur verleen aan verbruikersdominante inligtingsbronne (vriende) hoewel markdominante bronne (T.V. advertensies) ook ‘n belangrike rol speel. Die bevindinge beklemtoon ook die potensiële invloedsmag van opinieleiers in adolessente koopgedrag en die noodsaaklikheid om hulle in reklameveldtogte te bereik.
The taxonomic structure of rewards as work outcomes
Authors: Myburgh W. I. , Coetsee L. D.
Published: August 2012

Contemporary cognitive process theories of motivation, specifically expectancy/valence theory, use rewards as an important work outcome variable, to explain and predict the interaction processes between motivation and other variables. To date, relatively little attention has been given to define and describe work outcomes empirically. Use is currently made of a hierarchical extrinsic/intrinsic structure, representing outcomes grouped together with universal valence and related to each other. This investigation aims to investigate this taxonomy. Opsomming In kontemporere kognitiewe prosesteoriee van motivering en veral verwagtingsteorie, word verwys na werksuitkomstes (vergoeding) as 'n belangrike veranderlike in die verklaring en voorspelling van die interaksieprosesse tussen ander motiveringsfaktore. Tot dusver is relatiefmin aandag bestee om werksuitkomstes empiries te ontleed en te beskryfen teoretici gebruik tans 'n hierargiese struktuur om, uitkomstes wat oor universiele valensie beskik en onderling met mekaar verband hou, te groepeer in ekstrinsieke en intrinsieke uitkomstes of vergoedings. In hierdie ondersoek word gepoog om hierdie taksonomie empirics na te vors.
A Passion for Excellence
Authors: Swart P. G.
Published: August 2012

Met die verskyning van Peters en Waterman se blitsverkoper, In Search of Excellence, in Oktober 1982 het die skrywers gepoog om 'n breë raamwerk vir bestuursukses daar te stel.
Consumer and retailer perceptions of market transactions and the complaining consumer
Authors: Rousseau G. G.
Published: August 2012

The purpose of the study is to compare consumers' and retailers' perceptions of actions taken in particular types of buying situations. Hypotheses relating to differences existing between the perceptions of consumers and retailers of actions taken in the buying situation are proposed and empirically tested using data from a systematic random sample of 150 consumers and 47 retailers in the Port Elizabeth metropolitan area. Complaints about products recently bought by subjects in tjhe sample were also analysed as part of the study. Results imply that perceptual differences occurred in five of the fourteen situations portrayed, indicating possible causes of consumer frustration. Complaints analysed through the survey identified inadequate after-sales service, defective or malfunctioning products, and perishable food items as main sources of dissatisfaction. Opsomming Die doel van hierdie studie is om verbruikers en kleinhandelaars se waarnemings van optrede in spesifieke koopsituasies te vergelyk. 'n Hipotese dat verskille wel bestaan tussen die waarnemings van verbruikers en kleinhandelaars ten opsigte van optrede binne die koopsituasie, word gestel en empirics getoets. Data is verkry d.m.v. 'n sis- tematiese ewekansige steekproef met 150 verbruikers en 47 kleinhandelaars in die Port Elizabeth metropolitaanse gebied. Klagtes oor produkte onlangs aangekoop deur proefpersone in die steekproef is verder ontleed as deel van die studie. Resultate impliseer dat waamemingsverskille voorkom in vyf van die veertien situasies uitgebeeld wat moontlike oorsake van frustrasies aandui. Klagtes ontleed deur die opname het ontoereikende na-verkope diens, foutiewe produkte en bederfbare voedselitems as hoofbronne van ontevredenheid geidentifiseer.
Algemene lewenswaardes: 'n Loodsstudie by Afrikaans sprekende universiteitstudente
Authors: Verwey A. M. , Fouche M. M.
Published: August 2012

General life values: A pilot study amongst Afrikaans speaking students. Values have a great impact on human behaviour, also within organizations. It is also well known that values are in a constant state of change. This means that organisations have to be able to adapt to changing values on both the societal and individual levels. If one were to assume that university students are the leaders of the future and that they will therefore be able to influence changes in value systems, particularly organisational values, it becomes clear that greater awareness of the value systems of this group is important if organisations are to adapt in a proactive manner. In this study the terminal and instrumental values of Afrikaans speaking students were measured by means of the questionnaire developed by Rokeach. The results show a high degree of concordance between sexes and students studying different courses on both sets of values.Opsomming Waardes het 'n groot impak op menslike gedrag, ook binne organisasies. Dit is ook bekend dat waardes deurentyd verander. Dit beteken dat organisasies by veranderende waardes op beide die individuele en gemeenskapsvlak moet aanpas. Indien aanvaar word dat universiteitstudente die leiers van die toekoms is en dus veranderinge in waardes sal kan bemvloed, veral organisasie waardes, is dit duidelik dat insig in die waardes van hierdie groep van waarde kan wees in die pro-aktiewe aanpassing van organisasies. In hierdie studie word die terminale en instrumentele waardes van Afrikaanssprekende studente gemeet met behulp van die vraelys wat deur Rokeach ontwikkel is. Die resultate dui op 'n hoe mate van ooreenstemming tussen verskillende geslagte sowel as studente uit verskillende studierigtings op beide stelle waardes.
The effect of colour in television commercials on the comprehension and memory of the child
Authors: Pretorius L. P. , Blignaut C. J. H.
Published: August 2012

From a perceptual point of view it is not clear whether, and under what conditions, the presence of colour in television commercials aids the processing of information. In this study it was argued that the way in which colour is used, would have an effect on the comprehension and memory of children regarding television commercials. It was found that colour, when used in a "concrete" fashion, aids the comprehension process. The results of the study also show that the "concrete" as well as the "symbolic" use of colour have a positive effect on the memory of children for the content of television commercials. Opsomming Vanuit 'n perseptuele benadering is dit nie duidelik of, en onder watter omstandighede, die teenwoordigheid van kleur in televisie advertensies die prosessering van inligting positief bei'nvloed nie. In hierdie studie is daar van die standpunt uitgegaan dat die wyse van kleurgebruik 'n effek sal he op die begrip en geheue van kinders ten aansien van televisie advertensies. Daar is gevind dat kleur, wat op 'n "konkrete" manier gebruik word, die begripsproses bevorder. Die resultate van die studie toon ook dat sowel die "konkrete" as "simboliese" gebruik van kleur 'n positiewe effek op die geheue van kinders ten opsigte van televisie advertensie inhoud het.
Vakbondwese en Arbeidsverhoudinge
Authors: Backer W.
Published: August 2012

Met dié werk bied Slabbert en Steyn 'n wetenskaplike omskrywing van die studieterrein van arbeidsverhoudinge sowel as 'n sistematiese ontleding van die prosesse van kollektiewe bedinging en konflikbestuur.
'n Kritiese waardering van die wetenskapsbeskouing behuldig binne die bedryfsielkunde
Authors: Veldsman T. H.
Published: August 2012

A critical evaluation of the views of science ascribed to within Industrial Psychology. The aim of the article is to evaluate critically the view(s) of science subscribed to within Industrial Psychology. The article indicates: firstly, the view(s) of science adhered to in Industrial Psychology; next, the current "standard" view of science; and lastly, criticism levelled against the current standard view of science, as it impinges on Industrial Psychology.Opsomming Die doel van die artikel is om die wetenskapsbeskouing(s) gehuldig binne die Bedryfsielkunde krities te waardeer. Die artikel toon die volgende: eerstens, waiter wetenskapsbeskouings binne die Bedryfsielkunde onderskryfword; tweedens, wat die huidige standaard wetenskapsbeskouing binne die wetenskap is; en derdens, kritiek op die heersende standaard wetenskapsbeskouing, soos wat dit die Bedryfsielkunde se wetenskapsbeskouings) raak.
Die semantiese differensiaal as telefoonopnametegniek
Authors: Joubert J. P. R. , Raubenheimer I. Van W
Published: August 2012

The Semantic Differential as a telephone survey technique. The public image of an organisation plays an important role in the success thereof since it continually determines whether the environment reacts favourably or unfavourably towards it. It is therefore important to be aware of the public image of an organisation, and which methods can be used to determine it. This study compared two attitude scales (a Likert type mail questionnaire and a Semantic Differential type telephone questionnaire) which can be used in the determination of an organisation's image. A comparison of the two scales produced significant results. These results indicate that a Semantic Differential type scale can be used successfully in telephone surveys. Opsomming Die openbare beeld van 'n organisasie speel 'n belangrike rol in die sukses daarvan aangesien dit deurentyd bepaal of die omgewing gunstig of ongunstig daarteenoor reageer. Dit is gevolglik belangrik dat bestuur kennis neem van die openbare beeld van sy organisasie en hoe daardie beeld bepaal kan word. Met hierdie studie is twee houdingskale ('n Likert-tipe posvraelys en 'n Semantiese Differensiaal-tipe telefoonvraelys) wat in die bepaling van 'n openbare beeld gebruik word, vergelyk. Die bevindinge dui daarop dat 'n aangepaste Semantiese Differensiaal met sukses gebruik kan word in telefoononderhoude.
Die invloed van geslag en etnisiteit op werkwaardes
Authors: Flowers J.
Published: August 2012

The influence of sex and ethnicity on work values: The influence of sex and ethnicity on work values was investigated independently and interactionally. The Work Value Survey, developed by Wollacket al., was used as measuring instrument. A stepwise discriminant analysis was applied to test whether ethnicity and sex influence work values. The white subgroup differs from other groups regarding attitude towards income. Furthermore the White group differs from the black and astatic population regarding pride in work. Sex does not appear to influence work values. On the whole, differences found between groups were small. The conclusion is drawn that groups meeting in the work place show corresponding work values. Opsomming Die invloed van die veranderlikes geslag en etnisiteit op werkwaardes is onafhanklik en interaksioneel ondersoek. Die Work Value Survey wat deurWollack et. al. ontwikkel is, is as meetinstrument gebruik. Daar is deur middel van stapgewyse diskriminantontleding getoets of etnisiteit en geslag 'n invloed op werkwaardes uitoefen. Die Blanke subgroep verskil van ander groepe ten opsigte van houding teenoor verdienste. Verder verskil die Blankes ook van die Swart- en Asierbevolking ten opsigte van werktrots. Geslag oefen skynbaar nie 'n invloed uit op werkwaardes nie. Oor die algemeen is daar slegs geringe verskille tussen groepe en die afleiding word gemaak dat groepe wat in die werkpiek ontmoet, ooreenstemmende werkwaardes openbaar.
Consumer and retail perceptions of product failure: Who is responsible?
Authors: Rousseau G. G.
Published: August 2012

The purpose of this study was to compare consumers' and retailers' perceptions of product failure in particular types of product categories. An hypothesis relating to discrepancies between consumers and retailers with regard to causes of product failure, locus of blame, and actions for preventing recurrances was proposed and empirically tested. Data were gathered from a systematic random sample of 120 consumers and 60 retailers. Complaints about products recently bought by subjects in the sample were analysed to determine how commonly products fail. Results imply that perceptual differences may occur regarding consumers' and retailers' explanations for product failure, indicating possible areas of consumer frustration. Complaints analysed identified household appliances as a major failure category. Opsomming Die doel van hierdie studie is om verbruikers en kleinhandelaars se waarnemings van produkmislukking in geval van spesifieke produk kategoriee te vergelyk. 'n Hipotese dat verskille wel bestaan tussen die waarnemings van verbruikers en kleinhandelaars ten opsigte van oorsake vir produkmislukking, bron van blaam en voorkomendc optrede word gestel en empirics getoets. Data is verkry d.m.v. 'n sistematiese ewekansige steckproef met 120 verbruikers en 60 kleinhandelaars. As deel van die studie is klagtes oor produkte onlangs aangekoop deur proefpersone in die steekproef betrek, ontleed. Resultate impliseer dat waarnemingsverskille mag voorkom m.b.t. verbruikers en kleinhandelaars se verduidelikings vir produkmislukking. Dit kan moontlike areas van verbruikersfrustrasie aandui. Klagtes ontleed deur die opname, hot huishoudelike toebehore as 'n hoofkategorie vir produkmislukking geidentifiseer.
Die rol van persoonlikheidstrekke in die weerstand teen stres
Authors: Van Oudtshoorn Sonja V. R.
Published: August 2012

The role of personality characteristics in resistance to stress: A study was conducted to establish whether certain personality characteristics contribute to resistance to stress. Rescue brigadesmen, performing dangerous rescue operations in the goldmining industry, served as basis for the study. The sample consisted of 63 current, 56 ex- and 50 non-brigadesmen. Results indicate that brigadesmen, on the basis of their personality structure, are better equipped to cope with stress. Scores on the 16PF show that they have a lower level of interpersonal anxiety (Factor Q4) and that they are more practical (Factor I), emotionally stable (Factor C), and conscientious (Factor G). These findings support existing knowledge of the 16PF. Opsomming Ten einde vas te stel ofdaar sekere persoonlikheidstrekke bestaan wat bydra tot weerstand teen stres, is 'n studie uitgevoer met reddingspanlede, wat lewensgevaarlike reddingsdiens in die goudmynbedryf verrig, as ondersoekgroep. Die streekproefhet uit 63 huidige, 56 oud-reddingspanlede en 50 amptenare, wat nog nooit aan die span behoort het nie, bestaan. Dit blyk dat reddingspanlede, op grond van hulle persoonlikheidstruktuur, beter toegerus is om stres te hanteer. Tellings op die 16PF toon dat hulle oor 'n laervlakvan interpersoonlike angs beskik, (Faktor Q4), dat hulle meer prakties (Faktor I), emosioneel stabiel (Faktor C) en konsensieus is (Faktor G). Hierdie bevindinge sluit aan by die reeds bestaande kennis oor die 16PF.
The application of personal computers in psychometric testing
Authors: Shaw L. S. , Schepers J. M.
Published: August 2012

Personal computers in psychometric testing represent an efficient, inexpensive, user-friendly, and reliable tool for research and training. They offer a number of substantial advantages for both test subjects and test directors. Personal computer-aided testing programs provide for the instruction of test subjects, the presentation of test patterns, the automatic evaluation of results, automatic data collection and statistical processing. Test results can be saved, compared with standard values, and printed out in various formats. User-friendly programming reduces the test directors' work to a minimum and relieve them from routine tasks. Flexibility and low cost are further advantages. Opsomming Die gebruik van persoonlike rekenaars vir .psigometriese toetse word as doeltreffende, goedkoop, gebruikerriendelike en betroubare werktuie vir navorsing en opieiding beskou. Hulle bled 'n aantal belangrike voordele aan vir toetslinge asook toetsleiers. Persoonlike rekenaarondersteunde toetsprogramme behels die voorligting van toetslinge, die vertoning van toetspatrone, die outomatiese evaluering van toetsresultate, outomatiese dataversameling asook statistiese dataverwerking. Toetsresultate kan gestoor, met standaardwaardes vergelyk en in verskeie formate uitgedruk word. Die toetsleier se werkbelading word deur middel van gebruikervriendelike programmering tot 'n minimum verminder en hy word ook van routine take bevry. Verdere voordele soos buigsaamheid en lae koste word ook beklemtoon.
Black managers' career advancement in a multicultural society
Authors: Erwee Ronel
Published: August 2012

The career progression of black managers in white dominated organizations in South Africa, as has been the case in the United States, has not been rapid. However, a number of different variables in each of the two countries account for this common trend. The various theoretical models which seem to be underlying South African research i.e. physical- environment theories, the cultural hypothesis, personologist approaches and the organizational systems view, are discussed and contrasted.Opsomming Soos in Amerika, toon swart bestuurders in blank-beheerde ondernemings in Suid-Afrika, nie 'n besonder snelle loopbaanvordering nie. Die gemeenskaplike tendens word egter deur verskillende faktore in die twee lande veroorsaak. Die onderskeie teoretiese modelle waarop Suid-Afrikaanse navorsing gebaseer is, naamlik fisiese omgewingsteoriee, kulturele hipoteses, 'n personologie-benadering, en organisatoriese sisteemteorie, word bespreek en gekontrasteer.
Die sestienpersoonlikheidsfaktorvraelys as hulpmiddel by die takseersentrum
Authors: Augustyn J. C. D. , Van Wyk A. J.
Published: August 2012

The 16PF Personality Test as an aid to the assessment centre Assessment centres still remains costly and thime consuming. This study investigates the reduction of time and costs by the use of the 16 PF Personality Test as a method for measuring management dimensions. Promising results were obtained with a relatively small sample for the prediction of initiative and perseverance. Significant multiple correlations were also found for three criteria of management success. Further research may establish the use of the 16 PF as an aid to management assessment and thereby reduce the costs and time involved in assessment centres. Opsomming Takseersentrums se grootste probleem is gelee in die koste en tyd wat dit behels. Hierdie studie ondersoek die moontlikheid om beide te verminder deur die aanwending van die 16 PF Persoonlikheidsvraelys vir die meting van bestuursdimensies. Belowende resultate is met 'n relatiewe klein steekproef bevind ten opsigte van die voorspelling van inisiatiefen deursettingsvermoe. Beduidende meervoudige korrelasies is ook ten opsigte van drie kriteria van bestuursukses bevind. Verdere navorsing kan die gebruik van die 16 PF as hulpmiddel by bestuursevaluering vestig en sodoende die tydsduur en koste van takseersentrums verminder.
Prestasiebeoordeling: 'n Faktoranalitiese geldigheidstudie
Authors: Smith W. P. , Barnard A. L. , Steyn H. S.
Published: August 2012

Performance appraisal: a factor analytic validation study. The purpose of the study was to establish the validity of a general performance appraisal system through the application of factor analysis. It is found that the performance appraisal system to some extent do dispose a general validity, and that the three constructs involved (management ability, work ability, and ability to adapt) can be evaluated satisfactorily by the measuring instrument mentioned. Opsomming Die doel van die studie was die geldigheidsbepaling van 'n algemene prestasiebeoordelingstelsel deur die toepassing van faktorontleding. Daar is bevind dat die prestasiebeoordelingstelsel wel oor 'n aanvaarbare mate van algemene geldigheid beskik, veral sover dit konstrukgeldigheid aangaan, en dat die drie konstrukte, bestuurs-, werks- en aanpassingsvermoe, wel tot 'n bevredigende mate deur die betrokke meetinstrument geevalueer kan word.
A first encounter with psychology
Authors: Van Vuuren J. G.
Published: August 2012

First courses in psychology are often based almost wholly on a single introductiory text in which the most sailent aspects of comtemporary psychology are convered.
Evalueringskriteria by die reuse van ‘n organisasie in die ingenieursberoep
Authors: Oosthuizen G. F. , Vermeulen L. P.
Published: August 2012

Evaluation criteria for selecting an organisation in the engineering profession. This study deals with identifying the evaluation criteria according to which people in the engineering profession choose the organisation where they will work. The research group consisted of 211 final-year engineering students, and 256 engineers employed by a specific organisation. A significant difference (p
Focus groups in organizational research
Authors: Kamfer L.
Published: August 2012

Focus groups are commonly used in marketing research. In this article an application of the focus group technique within an organizational context is described. Nine focus groups were conducted during the planning stage of a survey intended to establish employee perceptions of advancement policies and practices in a major South African manufacturing company. Fourteen themes emerged from a content analysis of the discussions. Two of these reflected aspects requiring commitment decisions from management toward the survey. The others indicated areas of concern which should be included in the survey. In this way, the focus groups contributed useful information for the subsequent sample survey. Opsomming Fokusgroepe word algemeen in bemarkingsnavorsing aangewend. In hierdie studie word 'n toepassingvan die fokusgroeptegniek in die konteks van 'n opname binne 'n organisasie beskryf. Nege fokusgroepbesprekings is gevoer tydens die beplanningstadium van 'n opname wat binne 'n Suid-Afrikaanse vervaardigingsonderneming gedoen is. Die doel van die opname was om die persepsies van werknemers teenoor die bestaande personeel- en bestuursontwikkelingsbeleid en -praktyke van die maatskappy te bepaal. Veertien temas is deur middel van 'n inhoudontleding gei'dentifiseer. Twee hiervan het aspekte aangedui waaroor bestuur beginselbesluite t.o.v. die opname sou moes neem. Die ander het probleemareas aangedui wat by die ondersoek selfingesluit behoort te word. Sodoende het die fokusgroepe inligting verskafwat vir die latere vraelysopname belangrik was.
Construction of behaviourally anchored rating scales (BARS) for the measurement of managerial performance
Authors: Spangenberg H. H. , Esterhuyse J. J. , Visser J. H. , Briedenhann J. E. , Calitz C. J.
Published: August 2012

BARS were initially developed as indices of behavioural change and to ensure greater comparability of ratings from different raters. In this study, BARS were developed for a major producer-wholesaler company in the liquor industry to serve as an independent criterion in the validation of the company's assessment center, to assess the impact of development activities on the skill levels of assessment centre participants and as a diagnostic tool in identifying performance deficiencies. A step-by-step account of the four stages in the development of BARS is presented, together with examples of actual scales for the final steps. Opsomming Gedragsgeankerde skale (BARS) is oorspronklik ontwikkel as indekse van verandering, en om die vergelykbaarheid tussen beroordelings van verskillende beoordelaars te verhoog. In hierdie studie is BARS vir 'n groothandelaar in die drankbedryf ontwikkel ten einde te dien as 'n onafhanklike kriterium in die validering van hulle takseersentrum; om die invloed van ontwikkelingsaktiwiteite op die vaardigheidsvlakke van deelnemers aan die takseersentrum te meet; en as 'n diagnostiese hulpmiddel in die indentifisering van ontoereikende prestasie. 'n Stap-vir-stap beskrywing van die vier stadia in die ontwikkeling van BARS word gegee, met voorbeelde van werklike skale vir die finale stappe.
Validation of an assessment centre against bars: An experience with performance related criteria
Authors: Spangenberg H. H. , Esterhuyse J. J. , Visser J. H. , Briedenhann J. E. , Calitz C. J.
Published: August 2012

The objective of this study is to determine the validity of a middle management assessment centre. Behaviourally Anchored Rating Scales were developed specifically for this purpose. The results testify to the validity of this assessment centre and lend support to the argument that assessment centres do indeed predict performance criteria (viz a viz potential/advancement criteria). The validity coefficients for the various dimensions are indicated. Opsomming Die doel van hierdie studie is om die geldigheid van 'n takseersentrum vir middelbestuur te bepaal. Vir die doel is gedragsgeankerde skale as kriterium spesiaal ontwikkel. Die resultate dui op die geldigheid van hierdie takseersentrum en verleen addisionele steun aan die argument dat takseersentrums wel prestasiekriteria (viz a viz potensiaal/bevorderingskriteria) voorspel. Die geldigheidskoeffisiente van die onderskeie bestuursdimensies word aangetoon.
Die sintetiese bepaling van organisasiedoeltreffendheid
Authors: Raubenheimer I. Van W , Harmse P. J. H.
Published: August 2012

Organisational effectiveness: synthetically determined. In this article the development of a questionnaire for measuring organisational effectiveness (defined in organisational culture terms) is being discussed. The sample used for the item analysis consisted of 112 middle managers in the mining industry. The factor structure of the questionnaire was determined by using the responses of 230 middle managers. The original 72 items were reduced by 11 due to low item-total correlations. Four main constructs were measured by the questionnaire. The following prelimenary names were given to these constructs: Internal communication, External communication, Organisational structure and productivity. Opsomming In the artikel word die ontwikkeling van 'n vraelys om organisasiedoeltreffendheid te meet beskryf. Die meting van organisasiedoeltreffendheid word in die studie vanuit 'n organisasiekultuur perspektief benader. Die itemontledingsgroep het bestaan uit 112 middelvlakbestuurders in die mynbedryf. Vir die bepaling van die faktor struktuur van die vraelys is 230 middelvlakbestuurders betrek. Die oorspronklike 72 items is met 11 items verminder op grond van lae item-totaal korrelasies. Vier hoofkonstrukte is deur die vraelys gemeet waaraan die volgende voorlopige benamings gegee is: Kommunikasie na binne, kommunikasie na buite, organisasiestruktuur en produktiwiteit.
Die invloed van ouderdom op verbruikersgedrag by die aankoop van 'n passasiersmotorvoertuig
Authors: Du Plessis P. J. , Boshoff C.
Published: August 2012

The influence of age on consumer behaviour in purchasing passenger motor cars. The decision to purchase a motor vehicle is complex and can be influenced by various factors. Age as a variable which may influence the purchase decision is of particular importance to both motor manufacturers and dealers. The hypothesis tested in this study is that there are no differences between various age groups pertaining to the relative importance of evaluation criteria when purchasing a passenger vehicle. With analysis of variance it was extablished that there were insignificant differences pertaining to 44 of the 65 criteria (p < 0,01) which could be evaluated. The alternate hypothesis was thus accepted with regard to 21 of the evaluation criteria. Opsomming Die besluit om 'n motorvoertuig te koop is van 'n komplekse aard en kan deur verskeie faktore beinvloed word. Ou-derdom, as veranderlike wat die besluit kan beinvloed, is van besondere belang vir motorvervaardigers- en handelaars. Die hipotese wat in die studie getoets word, is dat daar geen verskil bestaan wat betrefdie relatiewe belangrikheid wat verskillende ouderdomsgroepe aan evalueringskriteria heg by die aankoop van 'n passasiersvoertuig nie. Met behulp van variansie-ontleding is vasgestel dat onbeduidende verskille by 44 van die 65 evalueringskriteria (p < 0,01) wat oorweeg kon word, voorgekom het. Die alternatiewe hipotese word daarom met betrekking tot 21 evalueringskriteria aanvaar.
Problem drinking at year-end staff parties
Authors: Thomson Elza
Published: August 2012

From a study of the relevant literature it is clear there is evidence that alcohol related problems both in and outside industry affect adults of both sexes. The objective of this study was to investigate the structure of year-end-parties in South Africa and it probes the role of alcohol at such functions as a possible trigger to problem drinking. A questionnaire was administered to respondents giving access to information concerning 89 different year-end-parties. The results indicated that the identified benefits accruing from year-end-parties outweighed the adverse effects of the problem drinking they sometimes generated. Opsomming Die doel van die studie was om die struktuur vanjaarlikse afsluitingsfunksies in 'n aantal Suid-Afrikaanse organisasies te ondersoek en vas te stel watter rol alkohol by sulke geleenthede speel - en in watter mate dit aanleiding kan gee tot drankmisbruik. 'n Vraelys is vir hierdie doel ontwikkel en by 89 organisasies afgeneem. Die resultate dui daarop dat die voordele voortspruitend uit afsluitingsfunksies swaarder weeg as die nadele as gevolg van moontlike drankmisbruik.
Die beroepsoriëntasie van professioneel-rekeningkundiges tydens die vroeë beroepsjare
Authors: Van Vuuren L. J. , Fouche M. M. , Verwey A. M.
Published: August 2012

The career orientation of professional accountants during the early career stage. The purpose with this study was to conduct research into the career orientations of aspiring and qualified persons in the accounting profession. Schein's Career Orientation Inventory was administered to 221 respondents in the early career stage and in different phases of Involvement in the profession. Managerial skill featured as the most prominent career orientation. It was also evident that respondents who had had occupational experience measured highest on the same orientation, i.e. managerial skill, irrespective of their phase within the early career stage. Furthermore, there were indications that career orientation differentiation increased in accordance with occupational experience. Opsomming Die doel met hierdie studie was om die beroepsoriëntasies van aspirant en gekwalifiseerde persone in die rekenmeesterprofessie na te vors. Schein se Beroepsorientasievraelys is afgeneem op 221 proefpersone in hul vroee beroepsjare en in verskillende fases van betrokkenheid in die professie. Bestuursbedrewenheid is as die mees kenmerkende beroepsorientasie geidentifiseer. Dit het ook aan die lig gekom dat proefpersone wat oor beroepsondervinding beskik, ongeag hul fase van betrokkenheid in die vroee beroepsjare, dieselfde orientasie naamlik bestuursbedrewenheid, realiseer. Aanduidings is verder verkry dat beroepsorientasie-differensiasie na gelang van beroepsblootstelling toeneem.
Career maturity of black, coloured and white university students
Authors: Reid-Van Niekerk H. H. , Van Niekerk E. C.
Published: August 2012

Career maturity attitudes of black, coloured and white first year university students were compared. Black students were found to have lower maturity scores than both their coloured and white counterparts. The result could be attributed to cultural differences, differential exposure to the world of work and differences in educational background. The findings suggest a need for career development interventions to be directed at both the coloured and black population groups. Opsomming Die mate van volwassenheid van loopbaangesindhede onder swart, blanke en kleurlingstudente is met mekaar vergelyk. Daar is bevind dat swart studente laer volwassenheidpunte-tellings as hulle kleuriing- en blanke ewekniee behaal. Die resultaat kan toegeskryf word aan kulturele verskille, 'n andersoortige blootstelling aan die arbeidswereld en verskille in opvoedkundige agtergrond. Die bevindings dui op 'n behoefte aan ingryping in die loopbaanontwikkeling van kleurling- en swart bevolkingsgroepe.
Career anchor profiles of a sample of business and professional women
Authors: Erwee Ronel
Published: August 2012

The career anchors of a sample of 95 business and professional woman were studied by means of the Career Orientations Inventory (DeLong, 1982). The hierarchy of career anchors of the sample was as follows: Service, Variety, Security (job tenure), Managerial competence. Autonomy, Identity, Technical/functional competence, Entrepreneurship and Security (geographical location). A few significant differences in career anchors did occur between various occupational groups. The implicatons of these findings in terms of career management in organisations are discussed. Opsomming Die loopbaanankers van 'n steekproef van 95 sake- en beroepsvroue is bestudeer deur middel van die "Career Orientations Inventory" (DeLong, 1982). Die steekproef het die volgende hierargie van loopbaanankers getoon: Diens, Verskeidenheid, Sekuriteit (organisatories), Bestuursbevoegdheid, Outonomie, Identiteit, Tegnies/funksionele bevoegdheid, Entrepreneurskap en Sekuriteit (geografies). 'n Paar beduidende verskille in loopbaanankerprofiele het tussen die onderskeie beroepsgroepe voorgekom. Die implikasies van die bevindings ten opsigte van loopbaanbeplanning in ondernemings word bespreek.
Development of a measure of safety climate
Authors: Barnes N. R.
Published: August 2012

A measure of safety climate was developed to aid management in identifying safety problems and responding proactively to safety issues; to assess the general mood of the workforce to safety; and as a standard for comparison with other organizations. The measure of safety climate was based on items extracted from the Chamber of Mines "Loss Control" audit manual. Reliability analysis performed on the scale indicated consistently high reliability coefficients across three ethnic groups. Factor analysis gave support for the construct validity of the scale. Opsomming 'n Meting vir veiligheidsklimaat is ontwikkel ten einde bestuur in staat te stel om veiligheidsprobleme te identifiseer en om pro-aktiefop te tree; om die algemene gevoel van die werkskragte rakende veiligheid te bepaal en om 'n maatstaf vir vergelyking met ander organisasies daar te stel. 'n Betroubaarheidssanalise wat op die skaal uitgevoer is het daarop gedui dat daar konsekwent hoe betroubaarheidskoefisiënte vir drie etniese groepe verkry word. 'n Faktoranalise het die konstrukgeldigheid van die skaal bevestig. The author acknowledges the financial assistance provided by the Human Sciences Research Council for this research.
Necessity for a comprehensive psychometric policy within an organization
Authors: Veldsman T. H.
Published: August 2012

Psychometric testing is an important, valuable, widespread and legally protected activity in South Africa. Within the ambit of the organizational context a psychometric policy is required to guide and direct this activity. The purpose of this article is to show how the need for such a policy within an organization can be fulfilled. The article proceeds as follows: firstly, the positioning of a psychometric policy within the overall human resource management of an organization is discussed; secondly, a definition of the term 'psychometric policy' and the aims thereof are given; thirdly, a suggested content for such a policy is outlined; fourthly a method of generating this policy is proposed; and lastly, the role of the psychologist in this regard is indicated.  Opsomming Psigometriese toetsing is 'n belangrike, waardevolle, algemene en wetlik beskermde aktiwiteit in Suid-Afrika. Binne organisatoriese verband word 'n psigometriese beleid benodig om hierdie aktiwiteit te lei en rig. Die doel van hierdie artikel is om aan te toon hoe die behoefte aan sodanige beleid in 'n organisasie vervul kan word. Die artikel verloop soos volg: eerstens, word die plasing van 'n psigometriese beleid binne die algemene menslike hulpbronbestuur van die organisasie bespreek; tweedens, word 'n definisie van die begrip "psigometriese beleid" en die doelwitte daarvan gegee; derdens, word 'n voorgestelde inhoud vir sodanige beleid aan die orde gestel; uierdens, word 'n metode aangedui waarvolgens hierdie beleid daargestel kan word; en laastens, word die rol van die sielkundige in hierdie area aangedui.
Die identifisering van maatstawwe vir die navorsingsprestasie van akademici
Authors: Labuschagne H. A. , Watkins M. L.
Published: August 2012

Identification of criteria for academic research performance. At South African universities, the achievement of objectives is usually measured in terms of so-called "process criteria" (e.g. pass rates), instead of performance criteria which reflect the quality of academic personnel. Stimulated by the need to identify valid indices of research performance, as a component of academic performance, this study investigated the dimensionality of several criteria, identified from empirical and literature studies. It was found that various valid criteria could be represented by six constructs, viz.: the stature of the researcher as scientist; scientific contributions; enhancement of own profession; community development; participation in research projects; and giving advice to persons or institutions outside the university. Opsomming By Suid-Afrikaanse universiteite word doelwitbereiking gewoonlik aan die hand van sogenaamde "prosesmaat-stawwe" (bv. slaagsyfers) in plaas van prestasiemaatstawwe wat die gehalte van akademiese personeel weerspieel, gemeet. Na aanleiding van 'n behoefte aan die identifisering van geldige rigtingwysers vir navorsingsprestasie as 'n komponent van akademiese prestasie, is daar ondersoek ingestel na die dimensionaliteit van verskillende maatstawwe wat vooraf deur middel van empiriese- en literatuurstudies geidentifiseer is. Daar is gevind dat verskeie geldige maatstawwe deur ses konstrukte verteenwoordig word, te wete: die statuur van die navorser as wetenskaplike, wetenskaplike bydraes, uitbouing van eie professie, gemeenskapsontwikkeling, deelname aan navorsingsprojekte en advieslewering aan persone of instellings buite die Universiteit.
Loopbaanbeplanningspraktyke binne 'n universiteitskonteks
Authors: Smith G. A. , Erwee R.
Published: August 2012

Career management practices within a university context: The challenges facing universities in reaching their goals, necessitate the meticulous planning and execution of relevant human resource development actions. The importance of these actions in supporting a university's strategies are addressed. Present human resource planning and development practices are evaluated by means of a model, in order to establish the value of these actions in satisfying the goals and missions of the university.Opsomming Die uitdagings wat die nastrewing van hoer doelwitte aan die Universiteit stel, noodsaak die noukeurige beplanning en uitvoering van toepaslike mensekragontwikkelingsaksies. In hierdie artikel word die belangrikheid van hierdie aksies ter ondersteuning van gestelde strategiee in oenskou geneem. Huidige mensekragbeplanningspraktyke word aan die hand van 'n model geevalueer ten einde die waarde van die praktyke ter bereiking van die Universiteit se gestelde doelwitte en missie te bepaal.
Vakbondprofiele
Authors: Backer Prof Luther
Published: August 2012

Hierdie boek is die tweede werk van ensiklopediese-omvang wat vanjaar verskyn het onder redakteurskap van 'n RAU-personeellid, Prof Kobus Slabbert, professor in Arbeidsverhoudinge.
Die evaluering van 'n kursus in arbeidsverhoudinge vir toesighouers by 'n Suid-Afrikaanse landboukoöperasie
Authors: Myburgh J. , Barnard A. L.
Published: August 2012

The evaluation of a course in labour relations for supervisors. The objective of this study was to evaluate a nationally known course in labour relations for first-line supervisors with regard to knowledge, attitudes and skills. Use was made of a two-group design and a random sample of 48 supervisors. It was found that, considering the role of the unknown factor at the initial positive change in attitude, the course only partially complied with its objectives in the short term. The increase in knowledge remained intact after three months, while the increase in skills was appreciably less. After three months, however, no improvement in attitude was found. Without sus- tained and supportive attitudes the value of the course, can be seriously questioned. Opsomming Die doel van die studie was om "n nasionaal-bekende kursus in arbeidsverhoudinge vir eerstelyntoesighouers ten opsigte van kennis, houdings en vaardighede te evalueer. Daar is van 'n twee-groepontwerp en "n ewekansige steekproef van 48 toesighouers, gebruik gemaak. Daar is gevind dat, gedagtig aan die rol van die onbekende faktor by die aanvanklike houdingsverbetering, die kursus slegs gedeeltelik aan sy doelwitte op die korttermyn voldoen het. Die toename in kennis het na drie maande goed behoue gebly, terwyl die toename in vaardighede heelwat minder was. Geen verbetering in houdings is na drie maande gevind nie. Bonder die behoud van gepaardgaande en ondersteunende houdings, moet die waarde van die kursus om probleme in arbeidsverhoudinge te hanteer, dus ernstig bevraagteken word.
Die verband tussen tydoriëntasie en prestasiemotivering
Authors: Van Rensburg C. , Raubenheimer I. Van W.
Published: August 2012

The relationship between time orientation and achievement motivation. The aim of the study was to establish a method whereby achievement motivation and time orientation could be empirically linked within the framework of the 4- dimensional classification theory of human behaviour. These constructs were selected because of the assumed relationship which exists between them. The R-A Time Orientation Questionnaire of Augustyn and the Achievement Motivation Questionnaire of Pottas, Erwee, Boshoff and Lessing were administered to 350 experimental subjects to determine whether differences exist in the achievement motivation of individuals classified in different time orientations. The results confirmed that significant statistical differences in achievement motivation exist among individuals classified in the different time orientations. Opsomming Die doel van die studie was om 'n metode te bepaal waarvolgens prestasiemotivering en tydoriëntasie binne die raamwerk van die 4-dimensionele klassifikasieteorie van menslike gedrag empirics met mekaar verbind kan word. Die betrokke konstrukte is gekies vanwee die veronderstelde verband wat tussen hulle bestaan. Die R-A Tydonen- tasievraelys van Augustyn en die Prestasiemotiveringsvraelys van Pottas, Erwee, Boshoff en Lessing is aan 350 proefpersone geadministreer om te bepaal of daar verskille in prestasiemotivering bestaan by individue wat in verskillende tydoriëntasiestyle geklassifiseer is. Die resultate bevestig dat daar statistics beduidende verskille in prestasiemotivering by individue bestaan wat in verskillende tydoriëntasiestyle ingedeel is.