bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
No impact of time from diagnosis to treatment on survival in newly diagnosed AML treated with venetoclax-based regimens
Authors: Baden David , Zukunft Sven , Hernández Gema , Wolgast Nadine , Steinhäuser Sophie , Pohlmann Alexander , Schliemann Christoph , Mikesch Jan-Henrik , Steffen Björn , Sauer Tim , Hanoun Maher , Schäfer-Eckart Kerstin , Krause Stefan , Hänel Mathias , Einsele Hermann , Jost Edgar , Brümmendorf Tim , Scholl Sebastian , Hochhaus Andreas , Neubauer Andreas , Burchert Andreas , Kaufmann Martin , Niemann Dirk , Schaich Markus , Blau Wolfgang , Kiani Alexander , Görner Martin , Kaiser Ulrich , Kullmer Johannes , Weber Thomas , Berdel Wolfgang , Ehninger Gerhard , Müller-Tidow Carsten , Platzbecker Uwe , Serve Hubert , Bornhauser Martin , Röllig Christoph , Baldus Claudia , Fransecky Lars
Published: January 2024

In newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia, immediate initiation of treatment is standard of care. However, deferral of antileukemic therapy may be indicated to assess comorbidities or pre-therapeutic risk factors. We explored the impact of time from diagnosis to treatment on outcomes in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia undergoing venetoclax-based therapy in two distinct cohorts.
By querying the Study Alliance Leukemia database and the health network TriNetX, we identified 138 and 717 patients respectively with an average age of 76 and 72 years who received venetoclax-based first-line therapy. When comparing patients who started treatment earlier or later than 10 days after initial diagnosis, no significant difference in median overall survival was observed - neither in the SAL cohort (7.7 vs. 9.6 months, p=.42) nor in the TriNetX cohort (7.5 vs. 7.2 months, p=.41). Similarly, severe infections, bleeding, and thromboembolic events were equally observed between early and later treatments, both in the overall patient groups and specific subgroups (age ≥75 years or leukocytes ≥20/nl).
This retrospective analysis indicates that postponing initiation of venetoclax-based therapy in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia has no impact on survival or complication rates. However, both clinical assessment and individual preferences should be considered when deferring patients.
NephroPOC – Proenkephalin A 119-159 predicts acute kidney injury and 28-day mortality in patients with suspected organ dysfunction in the emergency department (ED): secondary analysis from the prospective observational LifePOC study
Authors: Neumann Caroline , de Sá Fabia Daniela Lobo , Hartmann Oliver , Lehmann Thomas , Kiehntopf Michael , Joannidis Michael , Bolanaki Myrto , Slagman Anna , Möckel Martin , Bauer Michael , Winning Johannes
Published: January 2024

Background:
Volume depletion, sepsis, major surgery, and nephrotoxins are the most common causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). The classical markers serum creatinine (Scr) and urine output (UO) for the evaluation of kidney function are of limited value in critical ill patients because they reflect an already existing organ dysfunction. Our hypothesis is that the measurement of the functional biomarker Proenkephalin A 119-159 (penKid), which is freely filtered in the glomerulus and is used as a marker for estimating the glomerular filtration rate, contributes to the early identification of patients with subclinical kidney damage.
Methods:
This was a secondary analysis of the prospective multicenter LifePOC study. We evaluated critically ill patients admitted to the emergency department (ED) with suspected organ dysfunction based on the risk-stratification tool qSOFA , who developed AKI, defined as Scr ≥0.3 mg/dl from baseline, within 72 hours of enrolment. The primary endpoint was evolving AKI after 48 h. AKI after 24 h, AKI after 72 h and 28-day mortality were defined as secondary endpoints.
Measurement and main results:
Within 48 h, 88 out of 453 patients (19.4%) developed AKI. Patients with AKI showed increased penKid levels at admission in comparison to patients without AKI (111.5 [73.0-247.5] pmol/l vs. 74.8 [47.2-120.4] pmol/l, p<0.001). PenKid was a superior predictor for AKI within 24, 48 and 72 h in comparison to Scr (all p<0.05), and the advantage increased the later the renal events occurred. Regarding 28-day mortality prediction, penKid also outperformed Scr (p<0.05). The observed superiority of penKid persisted if the recently proposed PENK-Crea formula to estimate the GFR was applied and compared to the latest CKD-EPI formula.
Conclusions:
Early measurement and the trajectory of penKid predicts early AKI and 28-day mortality in patients with suspected organ dysfunction in the ED superior compared to the classical marker Scr. The results indicate that the superiority is attributed to an earlier rise in penKid compared to Scr.
Trial registration: The trial was registered in the German Registry for Clinical Trials (DRKS00011188) on 20 October 2016.
Environment-Responsive Dopamine Nanoplatform for Tumor Synergistic Therapy
Authors: Deng Chunmin , Zhang Hao , Song Li
Published: January 2024

Nanoparticle-based photothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as a promising approach in tumor treatment due to its high selectivity and low invasiveness. However, the penetration of near-infrared light (NIR) is limited, leading it fails to induce damage to the deep-seated tumor cells within the tumor tissue. Additionally, inefficient uptake of photothermal nanoparticles by tumor cells results in suboptimal outcomes for PTT. Based on the above-mentioned issues, this study utilized the adhesive properties of photothermal material, polydopamine (PDA), which can successfully load the photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) and chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) to achieve combined photothermal and chemotherapy treatment (PDA/DOX&ICG), aiming to compensate for the poor penetration of NIR in tumor tissues and the photothermal conversion performance of PDA. For the purpose of extending the blood circulation time of PDA/DOX&ICG nanoparticles, evading clearance by the body immune system and achieving targeted delivery to tumor tissues, a protective envelopment was created using erythrocyte membranes modified with folate acid (FA-EM). After reaching the tumor tissue, the obtained FA-EM@PDA/DOX&ICG nanoparticles can specific bind with folate acid receptors on the surface of tumor cells. This interaction facilitates improved uptake by tumor cells leading to the subsequent release of loaded DOX and ICG in response to the unique tumor microenvironment. DOX penetration ability can effectively compensate the limitation of NIR penetration at the tumor tissue. While ICG, as a typical photosensitizer, significantly enhances the photothermal conversion performance of FA-EM@PDA/DOX&ICG nanoparticles, thereby inducing tumor cells damage. In vitro and in vivo experimental results demonstrated that the coordinated NIR treatment with FA-EM@PDA/DOX&ICG not only effectively inhibits tumor growth but also exhibits superior biocompatibility, effectively mitigating DOX-induced tissue damage.
NLRX1 mediates the disruption of intestinal mucosal function caused by porcine astrovirus infection via the ERK/MLCK pathway
Authors: Tao Jie , Li Benqiang , Shi Ying , Cheng Jinghua , Tang Pan , Jiao Jiajie , Liu Huili
Published: January 2024

Considering the possible zoonotic nature of Porcine astrovirus (PAstV) and its frequent co-infection with porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV), we investigated the impact of NLRX1 on the dysfunction of the intestinal mucosal barrier induced by PAstV infection. The study revealed a significant up-regulation of NLRX1 and LC3 II proteins in Caco-2 cells infected with PAstV. The reduction in PAstV titer occurred with the silencing of NLRX1 and the treatment of the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA. However, the use of 3-MA did not impact the expression of NLRX1. Additionally, PAstV infection triggered the activation of the ERK/MLC pathway and led to the down-regulation of tight junction proteins (Occludin and ZO-1) as well as MUC-2 expression. Silencing the expression of NLRX1 or treating it with 3-MA demonstrated the ability to inhibit MLC phosphorylation and elevate the levels of Occludin and ZO-1 proteins. Moreover, the inhibition of MLC phosphorylation was observed by treating the ERK inhibitor PD98059. Furthermore, adding the MLC inhibitor ML-7 mitigated the down-regulation of mucosa-related protein expression induced by PAstV infection. Nevertheless, the administration of PD98059 and ML-7 did not affect the expression of NLRX1. In summary, the data from this study confirm that NLRX1 plays a role in the disruption of intestinal mucosal function triggered by PAstV infection via the ERK/MLCK pathway. This information contributes to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of PAstV.
Disparities in Access to Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Persist at a Transplant Center
Authors: Shoag Jamie , Rotz* Seth , Hanna Rabi , Buhtoiarov Ilia , Dewey Elizabeth , Bruckman David , Hamilton Betty
Published: January 2024

Race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status impact access to hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT). Whether differences in accessibility occur within HCT centers remains unknown.We performed a single-center retrospective review of 1,102 patients who underwent HCT consultation. We examined the association between race (Black vs. non-Black and White vs. non-White), ethnicity (Hispanic vs. non-Hispanic) and socioeconomic status (defined by zip code median household income quartiles) with receipt of HCT, time to HCT, and Psychosocial Assessment of Candidates for Transplantation (PACT) scores. Race and ethnicity were not associated with receipt of HCT (p>0.20 for all comparisons). Those living in higher income quartiles and those with private insurance were more likely to receive HCT (p=0.02 and p<0.001, respectively). Among HCT recipients, patients of White race had a shorter time to transplant than those of non-White race (p=0.0175). There was a strong association between lower PACT scores and poorer income quartiles (p<0.001). Socioeconomic status impacts receipt of HCT and PACT scores among patients evaluated at an HCT center. Race and ethnicity did not affect receipt of HCT. However, non-White patients waited longer from consultation to transplant. Further investigation as to whether the psychosocial eligibility evaluation impedes access to HCT in vulnerable populations is warranted.
Determinants of Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine Uptake Among Adolescent Girls at Selected Secondary Schools in Kibaha Town Council
Authors: NGAILO NEHEMIA , Mushi Lawrencia
Published: January 2024

Background: Human papilloma virus infection rates among girls aged 13 to 19 years are as high as 83%. Cervical cancer kills one woman every two minutes and affects approximately 570,000 women worldwide.This study investigated determinants of human papilloma virus vaccine uptake among adolescent girls at selected secondary schools in the Kibaha Town Council.
Methods: The research employed a mixed-method research approach. The study's sample size was 385 respondents, including 344 adolescent girl students, 40 parents/guardians, and 1 district immunization and vaccine officer. For quantitative data, the researcher collected the data and inserted them into Microsoft Excel for data sorting and cleaning. The cleaned data were then exported to SPSS version 26 to calculate descriptive data wich were represented in frequency and percentage. For qualitative data, the researcher used thematic content analysis.
Results: The results showed that only 47.92% of the total adolescent girls completed both doses of the HPV vaccine, while 52.08% of respondents did not receive the second dose. 66% of the respondents felt comfortable discussing the HPV vaccine. Most respondents (89.6%) believed that no negative health side effects were associated with HPV vaccine uptake.
Conclusion: There is a notable gap between awareness and action regarding HPV vaccination. The majority of respondents are aware of the importance of HPV vaccination in preventing cervical cancer, which indicates strong support for using the HPV vaccine. However, this positive attitude does not seem to translate into a high rate of girls actually completing both doses of the vaccine.
Genome-wide identification of the sorghum OVATE gene family and revelation of its expression characteristics in sorghum seeds and leaves
Authors: An Yanlin , Xia Xiaobo , Zhang Xiaoqin , Liu Li , Jiang Sixia , Jing Tingting , Zhang Feng
Published: January 2024

The OVATE gene family plays an important role in regulating the development of plant organs and resisting stress, but its expression characteristics and functions in sorghum have not been revealed. In this study, we identified 26 OVATE genes in the sorghum BTx623 genome, which were divided into four groups and distributed unevenly across 9 chromosomes. Evolutionary analysis showed that after differentiation between sorghum and Arabidopsis, the OVATE gene family may have experienced unique expansion events, and all OVATE family members were negatively selected. Transcriptome sequencing and RT-qPCR results showed that OVATE genes in sorghum showed diverse expression characteristics, such as gene SORBl_3001G468900 and SORBl_3009G173400 were significantly expressed in seeds, while SORBI_3005G042700 and SORBI_3002G417700 were only highly expressed in L1. Meantime, in the promoter region, a large number of hormone-associated cis-acting elements were identified, and these results suggest that members of the OVATE gene family may be involved in regulating specific development of sorghum leaves and seeds. This study improves the understanding of the OVATE gene family of sorghum and provides important clues for further exploration of the function of the OVATE gene family.
Patient-reported outcome measures in an outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy program– a prospective cohort study
Authors: Burch Andrea R. , Ledergerber Bruno , Ringer Martin , Zinkernagel Annelies S. , Eberhard Nadia , Kaelin Marisa B. , Hasse Barbara
Published: January 2024

Objectives Conventional perspectives that solely consider clinical outcomes and costs fail to acknowledge the patient's perspective. Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy (OPAT) has become a global standard in antimicrobial therapy. The objective of this prospective cohort study was to evaluate the influence of our local OPAT program on Health-Related Quality of Life (HrQoL) using Patient Reported Outcomes (PROs). This approach gave us an alternative perspective of high patient satisfaction further underlining the importance of OPAT for patients.
Methods Sociodemographic data, treatment details and outcomes were prospectively recorded for all patients enrolled in the University Hospital Zurich’s OPAT program. Eligible patients underwent interviews pre-discharge and 7-14 days post-discharge (in person or via phone) between October 2020 and September 2022. The assessments utilized a shortened, four-domain version of the validated Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaire, complemented by four additional questions gauging patient satisfaction.
Results Thirty-three patients participated in the study. Univariate analysis revealed substantial improvement in three of the four SF-36 domains. Specifically, participants reported enhanced role emotional (p=0.038), social functioning (p=0.003) and emotional well-being (p=0.003). Furthermore, 97% of patients would recommend OPAT to others.
Conclusion OPAT significantly impacts HRQoL and yields high patient satisfaction. Hospitals considering new OPAT programs should include both patient satisfaction and HRQoL impact in their argument repertoire for the introduction of OPAT.
Projected wind and waves around the Cuban archipelago using a multimodel ensemble
Authors: Mayo Axel Hidalgo , Llano Alejandro Vichot , Arenal Ida Mitrani
Published: January 2024

A statistical downscaling of wind and wave regimes is presented. The study is around the Cuban archipelago for the mid-term (2031–2060) and the long-term (2061–2090) with respect to the historical period 1976–2005. A multimodel ensemble of CMIP5 models under the RCP4.5 and the RCP8.5 scenarios is used. Projections of the wind and wave regimes are projected through the BIAS correction (delta and empirical quantile mapping), and multiple regression with a determination coefficient of 88.3%, a residual standard deviation of 0.11, and a square mean error of 0.29. The results obtained through the statistical downscaling do not show significant differences against previous results using dynamic downscaling over the region. According to the statistical downscaling, the mean annual wind speed and the wave height showed significant changes in the western part of the Cuban archipelago. The extreme indicators of climate change referred to by Hsig show similarity in the representation of the future Cuban marine climate, which would have the most accentuated changes on the north coast of the central and eastern regions.
Deep Convolution Neural Network Using TMC-2 DEM Images in Chandrayaan-2
Authors: Sinha Mimansa , Paul Sanchita , Ghosh Mili , Mohanty Sachi Nandan , Pattanayak Radha Mohan
Published: January 2024

The terrestrial planets, including the Moon, Earth, and Mars, have impact craters, contributing significantly to the solar system's complex geomorphology. However, conventional crater identification methods struggle with the accuracy, of their varied shapes, locations, and sizes. Our main aim is to locate lunar craters using Digital Elevation Model (DEM) images from Terrain Mapping Camera-2 (TMC-2) onboard the Chandrayaan-2 mission. Employing a crater-based U-Net model, CNN, Resnet18, and Image Net are utilized for weight training. The custom semantic segmentation network based on the U-Net model proves effective. The methodology involves Canny Edge Detection, pre-trained models, and bounding boxes for crater localization. Fully Convolutional Neural Networks (FCNN) and U-Net are applied to assess and recognize lunar craters in complex scenarios. The proposed model comprises a neural network, feature extractor, and optimization technique for lunar crater detection. The model achieves 80.95% accuracy using unannotated data and precision and recall are much better with annotated data and accuracy 86.91% in object detection with Chandrayaan-2's DEM photos. As we have only considered 2000 images as annotation is a time-consuming process, in the future we will use more image data sets so that our result is comparatively better for this.
Both heat stress and prey species affect Amblyseius orientalis performance
Authors: Zhou Xinyuan , Yan Hong , Hao Xuemin , Zhao Peipei , Sheng Fujing , Wang Endong , Xu Xuenong , Zhang Bo
Published: January 2024

Both temperature and prey closely impact the fitness and predation of natural enemies during biological control. Amblyseius orientalis (Ehara) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is a native and effective predatory mite against spider mites and small sucking insects in many kinds of orchards and greenhouses, where high temperatures always occur during hot summer. However, the effects of heat stress and prey species on the fitness and predatory efficiency of A. orientalis have not been well understood. In current study, we selected two preys of Tetranychus urticae and Bemisia tabaci and two temperatures of 25℃ and 33℃ to explore the performances of A. orientalis under four combination treatments. The results showed that both temperature and prey significantly affect A. orientalis fitness. In detail, A. orientalis had the longest developmental duration of 7.63 days when feeding B. tabaci at 25℃, while the shortest development period was found in the group fed on T. urticae at 33℃. Heat stress and B. tabaci significantly decreased A. orientalis fecundity. High temperature significantly reduced the life span of A. orientalis, however, the longevity of A. orientalis feeding on T. urticae were significantly longer than those feeding on B. tabaci, regardless of temperature. Thus, our study assessing A. orientalis performances under different conditions can provide better biological control reference against pest mite and insect by native predatory mites in the fields.
Balanced Activation of Nrf-2/ARE Mediates Sulforaphane's Protective Effect on Keratoconus in Cell Mechanical Microenvironment
Authors: Liu Ruixing , Ma Ruojun , Yan Xiaoming
Published: January 2024

Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive degenerative disease that usually occurs bilaterally and is characterized by corneal thinning and the apical protrusion of the cornea. Oxidative stress is an indication of the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and KC keratocytes exhibit increased ROS production compared with normal keratocytes. Therefore, oxidative stress in KC keratocytes may play a major role in the development and progression of KC. Here, we investigated the protective effect of the antioxidant sulforaphane (SF) using a hydrogel-simulated model of the cell mechanical microenvironment of KC. The stiffness of the KC matrix microenvironment in vitro was 16.70 kPa and the stiffness of the normal microenvironment was 34.88 kPa. Human keratocytes (HKs) were cultured for 24 h before observation or drug treatment with H2O2 in the presence or absence of SF. The levels of oxidative stress, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) and antioxidant response element (ARE) were detected. The high-stress state of HKs in the KC cell mechanical microenvironment compensates for activation of the Nrf-2/ARE signaling pathway. H2O2 leads to increased oxidative stress and decreased levels of antioxidant proteins in KC. In summary, SF can reduce endogenous and exogenous oxidative stress and increase the antioxidant capacity of cells.
A hybrid approach for efficient outlier detection using supervised and unsupervised techniques
Authors: Jayaramulu C. , Venkateswarlu Bondu
Published: January 2024

Due to data imbalance and dimensionality, it is difficult to achieve optimal performance when detecting outliers in high-dimensional data. Numerous algorithms were developed in try to solve this issue. However, they have their advantages in identifying outliers from such data and are created using either supervised learning technique or unsupervised learning. While unsupervised learning techniques offer mechanisms for discovering and utilising complicated patterns, supervised learning techniques make use of training data. This paper's key premise is that you may "combine two methodologies to create a hybrid and reap the benefits of both worlds." We put forth a cutting-edge machine learning (ML) framework to evaluate this claim, combining supervised and unsupervised techniques for effective outlier detection. Additionally, we suggested an approach called the Multi-Model Approach for Outlier Detection (MMA-OD). The technique improves performance by utilising the advantages of both supervised and unsupervised learning models. Its strength is getting a better feature space. With several benchmark datasets, the suggested approach is assessed. According to the empirical findings, MMA-OD performs better than many other techniques.
Preoperative Sequential Chemotherapy and hypofractionated Radiotherapy Combined with Comprehensive Surgical Resection for High-Risk Soft Tissue Sarcomas: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Qu Guoxin , Tian Zhichao , Wang Jiaqiang , yang Chengliang , Niu Xiaohui , Yao Weitao
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
The management of soft tissue sarcomas presents considerable therapeutic challenges. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of neoadjuvant sequential chemotherapy and hypofractionated radiotherapy in conjunction with extensive surgical resection for the treatment of high-risk soft tissue sarcomas.
Materials and methods
We performed a retrospective review of 31 high-risk soft tissue sarcoma patients treated at our institution from June 2021 to June 2023. The cohort consisted of 21 males and 10 females with a mean age of 55.7 years and included both initial and recurrent disease presentations. Our treatment regimen comprised two to three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy coupled with hypofractionated radiotherapy, delivered at 5 Gy per fraction to a total dose of 25–35 Gy across 5–7 days, prior to surgical resection aimed at achieving wide margins. Data collection was systematic, covering surgical outcomes, chemoradiotherapy-related complications, and prognostic factors.
Results
All patients completed the prescribed course of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. 29% patients experienced grade 3 + chemotherapy toxicity, necessitating a reduction or interruption in their chemotherapy regimen. Limb preservation was accomplished in 30 patients finally. Response evaluation using RECIST 1.1 criteria post-neoadjuvant therapy revealed 9.7% with PD, 58.1% with SD, 29% with a PR, and 3.2% with a CR, culminating in an ORR of 32.2%. Postoperative complications included superficial wound infections in four patients and deep incisional infections in another four. Two patients developed pulmonary metastases, two presented with multiple metastatic sites, and one experienced local recurrence. DFS rate was 83.9%, with a one-year OS rate of 88.2%.
Conclusion
Neoadjuvant sequential chemotherapy and hypofractionated radiotherapy followed by extensive surgical resection represents an effective treatment paradigm for high-risk soft tissue sarcomas. This multimodal approach not only facilitates tumor reduction but also significantly reduces the risks of local recurrence and distant metastasis.
The impact of CaTiO 3 -Ca 2 SiO 4 nanoparticles on the mechanical properties of an epoxy/polyvinyl acetate nanocomposite reinforced with carbon fibers
Authors: Alimirzaie Neda , Hamadanian Masood
Published: January 2024

In this study, CaTiO3-Ca2SiO4 (CT-CS) nanoparticles were synthesized via the sol-gel method. The nanocomposite was fabricated by the ultrasonic method with the addition of CT-CS nanoparticles, polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), and carbon fiber (CF) to the initial epoxy matrix. Response surface methodology-central composite design (RSM/CCD) was used to assess the impact of the weight percentage of the aforementioned ingredients on the mechanical behavior of epoxy resin. The chemical structure and morphologies of CT-CS nanoparticles and EP/PVAc/CT-CS/CF nanocomposites were assessed using FT-IR, SEM, TGA, and XRD studies. A tensile test was employed to assess mechanical properties, such as yield (MPa), area (J), modulus (MPa), stress (MPa), and strain (%). In light of this, the data gathered showed that the addition of additives had a notable impact on stress and tensile parameters in contrast to strain and area. Compared with CT-CS nanoparticles and PVAc, CF had a stronger effect in improving the mechanical properties of epoxy resin. The optimization results indicated a significant increase in stress (236.7 and 188.9%) compared to pure EP and EP/PVAc, whereas strain and area showed a slight decrease. A good synergistic effect that increases the overall stress in epoxy resin is produced by these three working well together.
Nanocellulose assisted microencapsulation of n-Octadecane with melamine formaldehyde resin shell by emulsion polymerization and its thermal energy storage characteristics
Authors: Jia Lingyun , Liu Wenli , Wang Wenxue , Fan Rong , liu pengtao
Published: January 2024

In this study, microcapsules obtained by emulsion polymerization were prepared for applications for thermal energy storage that use melamine formaldehyde resin as the wall material and n-Octadecane as the phase change material, where cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was used as an emulsion stabilizer. The results of CNF addition, core-to-wall mass ratio and reaction stirring rate on the attributes of microcapsules were investigated. The thermal attributes and the morphology of microcapsules were investigated by Scanner electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), synchronous thermal analyzer (TA), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The findings revealed that the microcapsules up to the highest efficiency of encapsulation and energy storage of 59.1% and 58.5%, respectively, were achieved when the CNF addition was 0.2 wt%, the core-to-wall mass ratio was 3:3.69, and the stirring rate was 1000 r/min. This work uses CNF as an emulsion stabilizer instead of conventional emulsifiers, which reduces the burden on the environment and provides a sustainable method for thermal energy storage and conversion.
Half of most frequently mutated genes in breast cancer are expressed differentially between premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer patients
Authors: Berkel Caglar , Cacan Ercan
Published: January 2024

Breast cancer has distinct causes and molecular characteristics at premenopausal and postmenopausal ages. The age-standardized incidence rate for postmenopausal breast cancer is more than 10 times higher than in premenopausal breast cancer. Here, I showed that the expression of 10 out of 20 most frequently mutated genes in breast cancer (namely, PIK3CA, CDH1, MUC16, PTEN, FAT3, FAT1, SPEN, ARID1A, LRP1B and RUNX1) is higher in premenopausal women with breast cancer than in postmenopausal women with breast cancer. The most significant differences in the expression in terms of menopause status were observed for RUNX1 and FAT1. Furthermore, I found that the majority of these 10 genes also show ER (estrogen receptor) or PR (progesterone receptor) status-dependent expression in both premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Unlike what I observed in the case of ER or PR status, the expression of most of these genes does not change depending on HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) status in both premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Combined, our analysis suggests that menopause status might influence the expression of most frequently mutated genes in breast cancer, and that the most of these genes whose expression differ between pre- and post-menopausal women with breast cancer also show ER or PR status-dependent expression in women with breast cancer.
Destruction of 2,4-dichlorophenol vapor in a process involving the combined action of DBD in oxygen and a catalyst
Authors: Lapshova K. А. , Gordina N. E. , Kvitkova E. Yu. , Izvekova T. V. , Grinevich V. I. , Gusev G. I. , Rybkin V. V. , Gushchin A. A.
Published: January 2024

In this work, the process of decomposition of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) vapor under the influence of atmospheric pressure DBD in oxygen was studied. The studies were carried out in two modes: with a catalyst (natural vermiculite doped with zirconium) and without it. A number of basic characteristics of the catalyst were assessed. The rates and effective rate constants of sorption processes, as well as decomposition processes in plasma and plasma-catalytic systems, were determined. Based on these data, the energy efficiency of the decomposition process was calculated. The data obtained suggested that the initial stage of decomposition is the reaction of interaction of electrons with pollutant molecules. The catalyst has been shown to speed up the decomposition process, increase energy efficiency and the conversion of 2,4-DCP to CO2 molecules, and prevent the formation of condensed products on the reactor walls. The work estimates the carbon and chlorine balances before and after treatment, which reach a maximum of 99 and 60%, respectively. It was also shown that the catalyst retains its activity for at least 7 hours of continuous operation.
Effect of mineral additions on the chemical resistance of high-performance concrete
Authors: HADJI Tarek , ATTIA Ahmed , DOUARA Taha Hocine , GUETTALA Salim , QUENEUDEC Michèle
Published: January 2024

The aim of this paper is to assess the effect of the natural pozzolan (NP) and limestone filler (LF) on the Chimical resistance of high-performance concrete (HPC) in an aggressive environment. (NP) and (LF) were used to replace different proportions of cement (PC). HPCC(100%PC), HPC18(10%LF + 90%PC), HPC7(20%NP + 80%PC), and HPC14(5%LF + 10%NP + 85%PC) were mixed, cast, and cured in pure water for 28 days. The sorptivity coefficients S (cm*s-0.5) of these HPCs were then estimated, and the mass change measuring specimens were immersed in three different mediums: pure water, (5%HCl) acid, and (5%H2SO4) acid. Their masses' changes were measured after 30, 90, and 180 days of conservation. The substitution of (PC) by (LF) and (NP) decreased the sorptivity of (HPC) depending on the type and proportion of the mineral addition. In a medium (5%H2SO4), HPC18 and HPC14 exhibited good chemical resistance compared to that of HPC7. In a medium (5%HCl), the mass loss in HPC7 and HPC14 are less than those in HPC18. The mass losses were in the range 3.32-9.63% and 11.22-13.31% in (5%HCl) acid and (5%H2SO4) acid respectively. Which proves that the chimical attac by sulfuric acid is more agressif than that by hydrochloric acide. When a mass of (PC) was replaced by (10%LF), (20%NP) or (5%LF + 10%NP) the sorptivity decreased. The substitution of 10% of the (PC) mass by (LF) increased the HPC resistance against H2SO4 acid chemical attack. However, The substitution of (PC) by (NP) and (LF) reduced the HPC's resistance to hydrochloric acid's chemical attack.
Reactive transport modeling of carbon capture in soil amended with fast weathering silicate minerals
Authors: Khalidy Reza , Chiang Yi Wai , Santos Rafael M.
Published: January 2024

Mineralization of powder form of fast-weathering silicate minerals (e.g., wollastonite and diopside) is reckoned as a stable and relatively low-cost method for sequestrating atmospheric CO2 in agricultural and urban soils. While the process, called terrestrial enhanced weathering, has well shown the capacity of carbon drawdown in lab and field scale studies, the long-term evolution of formation/redissolution of weathering product is less discussed in the literature. This study assesses long-term carbonate formation and migration over the soil profile with a reactive transport model built within the Geochemist Workbench software package. The model is built on the basis of experimental design/ procedure conditions and accounts for intermittent irrigation regimes and kinetic dissolution/precipitation of minerals as well as calcite formation. Simulation results are indicative of the growth of sequestrated carbon beyond the short-term duration (up to 8.3 t CO2/ha) with dissolved form (e.g., bicarbonates) growing over time. The model also predicts a slow migration of carbonates to deeper layers over five years. The modeling outputs are inconsistent with experimental observations, highlighting inflow rate as a driving factor in the formation of carbonates and mass of dissolved carbonate efflux from the system.
Therapeutic Efficacy and Tolerability of Artemether-lumefantrine for Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria in Niger, 2020
Authors: LAMINOU IBRAHIM MAMAN , ARZIKA IBRAHIMA , ADEHOSSI ERIC , MAMAN KABIROU , HADIZA JACKOU , COULIBALY ERIC , BAHARI-TOHON ZILAHATOU , AHMED JEHAN , SANOUSSI ELISHA , KOKO DANIEL
Published: January 2024

Background
Monitoring therapeutic efficacy is important to ensure the efficacy of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) for malaria. The current first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria recommended by the National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) in Niger is artemether-lumefantrine (AL). In 2020, an in vivo study was carried out to evaluate clinical and parasitological responses to AL as well as the molecular resistance to the drug in three sentinel sites: Agadez, Tessaoua and Gaya in Niger.
Methods
A multi-center, single-arm trial was conducted according to the 28-day World Health Organization (WHO) 2009 therapeutic efficacy study protocol. Children between 6 months and 15 years with confirmed uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum infection and 1,000-200,000 asexual parasites/µL of blood were enrolled and followed up for 28 days. Uncorrected and PCR-corrected efficacy results at day 28 were calculated, and molecular correction was performed by genotyping the msp1, msp2, and glurp genes. The pfK13 propeller, pfdhfr, pfdhps, pfcrt and pfmdr genes were analyzed by PCR and Sanger sequencing. The Kaplan-Meier curve assessed parasite clearance.
Results
A total of 225 patients were enrolled in the study. The adequate clinical and parasitological response after PCR correction was 98.9% (95% CI 96.4–101.0%), 92.2% (85.0-98.5%) and 97.1% (93.1–101.0%) in Gaya, Tessaoua and Agadez, respectively. No adverse events were observed. Ten mutations (SNP) were found, including 7 synonyms (K248K, G690G, E691E, E612E, C469C, G496G, P718P) and 3 non-synonyms (N594K, R255K, V714S). Two mutations emerged: N594K and V714S. The R255K mutation detected in Southeast Asia was also detected. The pfdhpsK540E and pfdhfrI164L mutations associated with high levels of resistance are absent. There is a reversal of chloroquine resistance.
Conclusion
The study findings indicate that AL is effective and well tolerated for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in three sites in Niger. The emergence of a pfk13 propeller mutation requires additional testing such as the Ring Stage Assay and CRISPR/Cas9 to confirm the role of these emerging mutations.
Trial registration:
NCT05070520, October 7, 2021
Necrobia rufipes (De Geer, 1775) (Coleoptera: Cleridae) life history traits and its application in forensic entomology
Authors: ZONGO David , DRABO Samuel Fogné , OUEDRAOGO Théodore Y , ROMBA Rahim , PARE Prisca L , WANGO Antoine , TRAORE Fousséni , GNANKINE Olivier
Published: January 2024

Forensic entomology focused sarcosaprophagous insects and arthropods may provide a sound tool for assessment of Post Mortem Interval (PMI) and could provide scientific evidence for date of deaths. However, few data on necrophagous insect are available in many western African countries. The current study focused on Necrobia rufipes, an insect known to be appear on highly decomposed and skeletonized corpses of mammals. Our research aimed at examining some biological parameters of N. rufipes on pig and rabbit used as substrate under ambient conditions. As results, eggs took around 72 hours to hatch regardless substrate. The duration of larval stages was shorter on pigs than those found in rabbits and ranged from 2 to 11 days. Statistical analyses performed showed that substrates had a highly significant effect (P < .0001) on the life span of both adults female and male as well as on female oviposition. The life span of males fed on pig was significantly higher than those fed on rabbit, with values of 74.82 ± 10.34 and 27.55 ± 4.71 days respectively, while for females, the lifespan was 90.36 ± 10.77 and 36.67 ± 4.92 days on pigs and rabbits respectively. Moreover, N. rufipes laid more eggs on pigs ( 285.75 ± 56.94 ) than on rabbits (5.50 ± 1.14 eggs). Pigs remained the most preferred food substrate compared to rabbits and confirmed that they were a good model for forensic investigations. The Knowledge of these parameters could help to get skills for assessing the PMI.
Tracking pedogenic carbonate formation and migration in agricultural soils amended with crushed wollastonite ore- Evidence from field trials
Authors: Khalidy Reza , Chiang Yi Wai , Santos Rafael M.
Published: January 2024

Considered as a well-known carbon sequestration method, terrestrial enhanced rock weathering involves the application of crushed silicate-bearing minerals to urban and agricultural soils. Once dissolved in the soil-water system, alkaline minerals adjust the pH in a range favorable for pedogenic carbonate formation and, hence, atmospheric carbon drawdown. As a fast-weathering Ca-rich mineral, wollastonite is recognized as one of the primary candidates for this process. Although previous studies proved the potential of wollastonite to sequester carbon in croplands, no study has investigated the fate of wollastonite over the vertical profile of soil. Furthermore, no studies have investigated changes in the elemental composition of soils due to wollastonite amendment on a field scale. The present study presents the results of a multi-year sampling collection from different layers (0–15, 15–30, and 30–60 cm) of agricultural soil amended with wollastonite in Woodstock, Ontario, Canada. The impact of initial soil pH on pedogenic carbonate formation was also investigated with the inclusion of two more field trials. The results denoted wollastonite addition increases the inorganic carbon pool of soil up to 6.60 t CO2/ha at higher (20 t/ha) wollastonite dosage. The elemental composition and mineralogy analyses were indicative of weathering occurrence in soil samples. This study indicates that carbonate formation is not limited to surficial layers, and deeper layers also need to be taken into account for estimating carbon capture due to ERW practice.
Targeted triterpenoids from Dysoxylum alliaceum stem barks as cytotoxic agents in human cancer and normal cells
Authors: Riyadi Sandra Amalia , Naini Al , Mayanti Tri , Farabi Kindi , Lesmana Rony , Azmi Mohamad Nurul , Fajriah Sofa , Supratman Unang
Published: January 2024

The Dysoxylum genus that belongs to the Meliaceae family is widely distributed from India and Srilanka throughout Malaysia and Indonesia to Australia and New Zealand. Numerous types of compounds have been reported, including sesquiterpenoids, limonoids, triterpenoids, and alkaloids. One of the members of this genus is Dysoxylum alliaceum. Reports on the phytochemical constituents of this species are limited. During our search for naturally occurring tropical plant compounds with intriguing structures and biological properties, the stembark of D. alliaceum, which showed cytotoxic activity against MCF-7, A549, and CV-1 cell lines, was investigated. This paper describes the chemical structure of the isolated compounds using HR-ESI-MS, FTIR, and NMR. As a result, eight triterpenoid compounds belonging to tirucallane-type (1–8) were identified, including cneorin-NP36 (1) toonapubesin A (2), toonapubesin B (3), chisopanin M (4), 21-α methylmelianodiol (5), 21-β methylmelianodiol (6), hispidone (7), and odoratone (8). Furthermore, toonapubesin A (2) showed the highest selectivity against A549 cancer cell lines with IC50 value 7.81 ± 0.02 µM, resulting in no activity towards CV-1 cells.
Antioxidant compounds produced by endolichenic fungus Penicillium sp. induced from Pyxine subcinerea
Authors: Kawakami Hiroko , Watabe Nao , Matsubuchi Yuko , Hara Kojiro , Komine Masashi
Published: January 2024

Endolichenic fungi are expecting for new bioresources of pharmacological compounds. However, the number of investigations targeting antioxidant compounds produced by endolichenic fungi remains limited. To discover new antioxidant compounds, we analyzed the antioxidant activity of 59 methanol extracts derived from isolated lichen mycobionts or endolichenic fungi induced from Pyxine subcinerea. We performed this analysis using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) method. As a result, we isolated from an endolichenic fungus identified as Penicillium sp. in Pyxine subcinerea. This fungus produced a red pigment, and its chemical structure was determined to be sclerotioramine based on the analytical data obtained from NMR, LC-MS/MS, and HPLC-PDA. Sclerotioramine exhibited high antioxidant activity, and the ORAC values (mean ± SD) of sclerotioramine and sclerotiorin were 11.4 ± 0.36 and 4.86 ± 0.70 mmol TE per gram of the respective pure compound. Thus, the antioxidant activity of sclerotioramine was greater than twice that of sclerotiorin. This work represents the first report that the antioxidant activity of sclerotioramine is higher than that of the sclerotiorin.
Experimental investigation into the mechanical and microscopic properties of cemented aeolian sand-coal gangue-fly ash backfill
Authors: Zheng Zhijun , yang baogui , Yang Faguang , Gu Chengjin , Liu Hao
Published: January 2024

This paper investigates that the influence of the independent variables of particle size of coal gangue (CG), concentration and coal gangue content on the UCS of cemented aeolian sand (AS)-coal gangue-fly ash (FA) backfill (CACFB) mixtures through the thermogravimetric, piezomercurial, microscopic experimental means by adding certain particle size of coal gangue particles in the cemented aeolian sand -fly ash backfill (CAFB) mixtures. Through the relevant experiments, the following conclusions are drawn: 1. with the increasing particle size of CG particles, the UCS of the CACFB is increasing in which the 7d UCS of R-C-1, R-C-2, R-C-3 and R-C-4 were 2.05 MPa, 2.11 MPa, 1.94 MPa and 2.09 MPa, respectively; 2. After 7 days of curing age, the UCS of CACFB is generally 1.5 MPa higher than that of CAFB.; 3. Because CG particles play a role in increasing slurry concentration, compactness and improving particle gradation in CACFB, the UCS of CACFB is much higher than the UCS of CAFB.; 4. The improvement UCS of CACFB will greatly improve the popularization and application of filling mining in northern Shaanxi mining area, and reduce the damage to environmental water resources and land resources in the mining area.
prognostic values of BOLA family members and correlated with immune infiltrates in Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Long Quanyi , Fan Yuan
Published: January 2024

Background The BOLA gene family is related to iron homeostasis, consists of three members. Evidence have shown that BOLA family is associated with lung adenocarcinoma, ovarian cancer and hepatic cellular carcinoma. However, the BOLA family's rule in pancreatic adenocarcinoma(PAAD) is poorly understood.
Methods we analyzed the expression, prognostic value, and genetic alteration of BOLA family in PAAD patients by several online databases, including Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, Human Protein Atlas, Kaplan–Meier plotter, cBioPortal and The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. Besides, we also investigated the relationship between BOLA family and tumor immune infiltration by The Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER)
Results The pan-cancer analysis showed the mRNA expression levels of the BOLA family is higher in PAAD tissues than in normal pancreatic tissues, high expression of three BOLA family members were associated with elevated expression of BOLA1 was associated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in PAAD, the elevated expression of BOLA2 and BOLA3 were related to shorter DFS. Besides, expression level of BOLA1 was negatively correlated with B cells, CD8+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophil and Dendritic cells, while BOLA2 expression level was negatively correlated with CD8 + T cells, macrophages and Dendritic cells, BOLA3 expression level was correlated with neutrophil. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that BOLA family members were mainly relevant to intracellular iron-sulfur cluster assembly, iron ion homeostasis and cellular redox homeostasis in PAAD.
Conclusion The BOLA family expression was associated with prognosis and immune infiltrates in PAAD, Our findings help to add to the limited prognostic markers in PAAD, and the BOLA family may serve as potential targets for immunotherapy.