bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A expansão dos empreendimentos portuários e seus efeitos sociais na vida cotidiana dos pescadores da Vila Nova – São José do Norte (RS)
Authors: Gómez Soto William Héctor , Hadrich Silva Raquel
Published: February 2020

The authors draw an analysis regarding the impacts from harbour enterprises led by the company Estaleiros do Brasil Ltda. (EBR) upon the everyday life of the artisanal fishermen of Vila Nova in São José do Norte. These enterprises are the representation of the abstract idea of progress but destroy community livelihood. The article results from a research regarding the fishermen of Vila Nova whose space has been object of intervention by the abovementioned company. Interviews were accomplished with fishermen allowing to discover in which manner the eviction of the place of home has affected their lives as well as to analyse the difficulties of insertion in other marginal localities. However, it also shows that even in these marginal places the members of the community resist denying the company´s prohibitions, resistance that is also expressed in the own dreams of the fishermen and their families.
Institutional provision of financial mechanism of water use: theory and practice
Authors: Titarenko Galina , Titarenko Oleksandra
Published: February 2020

The statutes have the necessary positive and institutional benefits in the financial mechanism of water supply. The basic institute of financial security in the system of the water management complex of Ukraine is highlighted.
The expediency of considering the institutional nature of financial support for the water management complex as a basis for optimization of economic systems has been proved. At the same time, it was noted that the market transformation of the Ukrainian Agrarian Union began without proper institutional support for the financial mechanism of the water management complex, which remained unchanged from the Soviet economic system, which does not meet the requirements of a market economy and needs a new revision.
It is noted that the paradigm of institutionalism also provides an opportunity to determine the scenarios of financial support for the modernization of Ukraine. The necessity of formation of development institutes has been proved, among which in the research area are identified: institutes of property, management, financial intermediation, loan capital, rent of natural resources, entrepreneurship. It is determined that the development institute is an organizational and economic structure that facilitates the allocation of resources in favor of projects to realize the potential of economic growth.
In the system of financial mechanism the main role is assigned to the Institute of Bank Lending. The basic problems of its functioning are revealed and the ways of their solution are determined. The main task of the National Bank of Ukraine is to expedite the problem of conducting currency swap operations, as they are able to solve the problem of shortage of national currency resources for the enterprises of Ukraine.
Land consolidation and creation of water user organizations for sustainable use and restoration of irrigation
Authors: Zhovtonog Olga , Polishchuk Vitalii , Chorna Kateryna
Published: February 2020

The article presents the results of system analysis of the problems in irrigated agriculture and irrigation restoration in Ukraine. The results of classification of water and land use conditions within the irrigation systems are given in this paper. The methodological approaches to the development of integrated plans for consolidation of water and land resources have been elaborated. Based on the surveys and questionnaires in the studied regions, 5 groups of land fragmentation problems were identified, which are outlined in this study and illustrated on some examples with using maps. The following types of conditions of water use were distinguished: lease of land plots by one large farm or agroholding within the area of one or more water distribution channels of large irrigation systems; the using of lands of intra-farm irrigation systems, which typically belong to the territories of individual village councils and are served by several water intake structures, and a large number of medium and small tenants; the using by several tenants of an area serviced by one water intake structure or one pumping station; fragmentation of land use and land ownership conditions within a single field; the presence of land plots with different leases terms within the individual fields, used by one agricultural enterprise. According to the types of land use conditions, three options for integrated land consolidation plans for irrigation systems were proposed. In order to develop integrated land consolidation plans and to restore irrigation, a complex analysis of land use maps and maps of the projected irrigation area will be needed. Therfore, it is necessary to establish a dialogue with stakeholders, namely with all farms, farmers and individual landowners on drawing up the most economically and environmentally optimal land consolidation plan within irrigation restoration areas. When drawing up such a plan, it is necessary to carry out an expert evaluation of the different scenarios of irrigation restoration, taking into account the composition of crops, probable techniques and methods of irrigation. Once the consolidation plan has been agreed, it is important to have a permanent land users association in place to attract and invest in irrigation restoration and to operate the irrigation infrastructure after the restoration. The issues of creating Water User's associations (WUA) in the irrigation areas was considered; the role of associations and land consolidation in restoring the on-farm irrigation network was determined. The list of functions of Water User’s associations has been provided, the main one of which is the exploitation of on-farm irrigation systems and water distribution between water users.
Organizational and economic mechanisms of preventizing the impact of climate change on urborural territories
Authors: Obykhod Hanna , Omelchenko Alla
Published: February 2020

The impact of climate change on the territory and population is only increasing every year. Extreme weather events are expected to be repetitive and difficult to predict. New research shows that the effects of global warming are felt in large cities, at least twice as strong as in rural areas. That is why taking the necessary precautionary measures becomes an urgent task. The key, according to researchers, is adaptation and prevention. The authors of the article, analyzing the prerequisites and consequences of climate change, propose a scheme of organizational and economic mechanisms to counteract climate change in complex urban environments.
Long-term goals include reducing urban heat islands through urban planning and climate-friendly home design to create a conducive, non-air-conditioned environment. In order to maximize the effectiveness of such adaptation measures, active multidisciplinary collaboration is required with the involvement of professionals in many industries. The assessment of the impact of climate change on the environment and human health has identified a number of gaps in knowledge and problems in the implementation of appropriate health measures.
The article substantiates the relevance of climate change research in Ukraine. In addition, the main results of the research on population safety in the global climate change are summarized. Factors of the impact of global climate change on the environment, man, society, economy and complex agglomerations are highlighted. The consequences of climate change of natural, economic and social nature are presented. Directions and measures to adapt natural and socio-economic systems to global climate change are substantiated. The classification of the mechanisms of counteraction and mitigation of the negative effects of global climate change is given.
Theoretical principles of formation of the sustainable water supply system in environmental conditions
Authors: Levkovska Lyudmila , Mandzyk Valeriy , Mytrofanova Olga
Published: February 2020

One of the powerful factors behind the transformation of the components of the institutional environment that has evolved dynamically in recent decades is considered to be the environmental constraint, the main reason for which is the exacerbation of global environmental challenges and changes in the world-view of the modern world. In this regard, the study identifies and analyzes the patterns of transformation of conceptual approaches to the formation of a sustainable water supply system under environmental constraints. It is proved that one of the determining external factors that cause such transformation is the increase of environmental awareness of the population at the local, national and world levels. The system of methods of sustainable water supply in the conditions of ecological restrictions is proposed, which provides for complex scientifically grounded application of modern infrastructural, institutional and ecosystem mechanisms of water policy implementation and institutionalization of a number of strategic directions and processes of development of integrated water resources management of Ukraine. It is established that in the field of institutional support for sustainable water use, the evolution of conceptual approaches under the influence of «ecological» philosophy will determine, first and foremost, the improvement of the regulatory system of streamlining relations, its focus on optimizing the use of water resources, their conservation and reproduction. It covers all the main characteristics of the institutional environment, the system of rules and norms of behavior of economic relations, changes in the set of incentives for entrepreneurial activity and in the sphere of coordination of economic, financial and regulatory activities and state planning. Therefore, the strategic directions of transformation of the current water management system in order to ensure their expanded reproduction is the institutionalization of new rules and standards for the economic development of water resources, in particular the specification of ownership rights for water resources and the spread of modern forms of public-private partnership in the field of water use. This will increase the level of investment support for the reproduction of water resources and expand the available financial base for the modernization of water management infrastructure.
ACCOUNTING SUPPORT OF THE FINANCIAL ASSET MANAGEMENT AT THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: LIUBAR Oksana
Published: February 2020

Financial assets are one of the key categories of the financial world. Different segments of the financial market (credit, stock, currency, financial services market) are characterized by different categories of financial assets, the circulation of which mediates the movement of funds both within the country and abroad. Effective movement of financial resources nationally or internationally is performed under involvement of financial assets. As a rule, obtaining or control of financial assets determines the motivation of participants of the financial or commercial transactions. The essence of financial assets as an economic category is revealed. The main characteristics of the financial asset are presented. It is established that financial assets for accounting purposes should be defined as money and their equivalents; long-term and current financial investments; accounts receivables for products (goods), services, bills received; accounts receivable for the purchase of financial investments, accounts receivable under loan agreements. Special attention is paid to the procedure of accounting of financial assets at the enterprises, covering the process from the initial registration of the economic information to reporting.
THE MAIN TRENDS OF GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES WASTE
Authors: TOKARCHUK Dina
Published: February 2020

The article examines the basis tendencies for waste generation of by agriculture, forestry and fisheries and its share in waste by economic activity and households in Ukraine. In the period 2010-2017 the maximum generation of this type of waste was observed in 2011, the minimum – in 2017; waste share – 2-3%. The main regulatory legal acts concerning the effective management of agricultural enterprises waste are analyzed. The necessity of changes in the domestic legislation in this area to meet European standards and the steps that have been taken are substantiated. The generation of the of primary crop waste in Ukraine was investigated, based on the gross collection of main agricultural crops and the waste yield coefficient. The management of agricultural waste of all classes of danger in Ukraine was analyzed in the following areas: inciniration for energy production, inciniration without energy production, recycling, disposal to specially designated places or objects. A positive trend has been obtained in reducing the volume of agricultural waste that has been disposed to designated areas or objects. It is determined that the most common way to effectively manage of plant waste is incineration, cost-effective - incineration with the aim of obtaining energy. The theoretical bioenergy potential of the primary crop waste in Ukraine was calculated in terms of the reference fuel, based on the heat of combustion of the waste of the respective crops. technical bioenergy potential of waste is analyzed, based on the coefficient of technical accessibility, taking into account the technology of harvesting crops and existing technologies for processing waste into energy. The economic potential of primary crop waste for energy production is calculated taking into account the energy use ratio. The results showed that waste potential of such crops as wheat, corn for grain and sunflower has the greatest potential for energy use. The problems in the field of waste management of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine, which today need urgent solutions, are identified.
INFORMATION ECONOMY: A NEW PARADIGM FOR ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT
Authors: KOTKALOVA-LYTVYN Inna
Published: February 2020

The article investigates essence and content of the information economy, which, at the present stage of the global ecosystem is changing traditional narratives of economic theory. Article studies influence of post-industrial society to the origin of the information economy paradigm statements and its ecosystem. The author systematized conceptual provisions of foreign and domestic scientists on the essence and content of the information economy in the context of the evolution of development of this economic paradigm (starting from theory’s inception in 60s of the twentieth century up to modern theoretical and methodological developments). Based on research, the author concluded that the information economy is not just post-industrial wave of development. It is a separate, independent paradigm of world economic outlook, which is the result of evolutionary changes in the technological, economic, political and social arrangement on the general international level.
FINANCING OF ORGANIC PRODUCTION IN THE CONTEXT OF IMPACT INVESTING
Authors: PRUTSKA Olena
Published: February 2020

The article considers and justifies the approach to the financing of organic production as a component of the concept of impact-investing. The essence, features and tools of impact-investment are considered. Impact-investing differences from social investment, socially responsible investment and social entrepreneurship are considered. It is proved that Impact Investment is the newest financial strategy for social development, provides for investments in business projects that initially focused on profit and positive changes in society or the environment
It is noted that scientific consideration of impact investing has not yet been given due attention in Ukraine. The subject of research is at the intersection of financial technology, social entrepreneurship and organic agro-production. Impact investing is considered a separate case of social investing with more clearly defined boundaries.

Examples of social enterprises both in agriculture and in the restaurant business and in manufacturing are known in Ukraine. Because social entrepreneurship is a business, it has all the rules of the business: niche search, market research, competition, investment, and more. Impact investments help measure the external effects of doing business.

With the introduction of the investment impact criterion, it becomes possible to determine what this business impact is, how to measure, study and understand it.
It is emphasized that Impact investing is only beginning to develop in Ukraine.
Over the past few years, examples of such investments have emerged in Kyiv, Lviv, Odessa, Ivano-Frankivsk and other cities. Most of them have started their business through local businesses and have relatively small initial investments by global standards.

The opinion is grounded that investment in the development of organic production can be considered as a form of impact investment. It is concluded that, given the great social importance of the development of organic production, as well as the positive effects that organic agricultural production can potentially have on the development of rural areas, the use of financial resources of agricultural holdings may be promising.

It was proposed to provide a differentiated approach to the collection of a fixed agricultural tax (FAS), taking into account the availability of investments in organic agricultural production, which would have prompted agricultural holdings to include organic production units in their structure.

Investments in the development of organic agricultural production, which are proposed to be considered as impact investments, would allow domestic agro-holdings to a certain extent “rehabilitate”, improve their image, give their debt to society, and contribute to the development of rural areas.
JUSTIFICATION OF BASIC PARAMETERS GRINDERS OF GRAIN OF SEALED GARDEN
Authors: Veselovska Natalia , Sklyaruk Alexander
Published: February 2020

This article is devoted to the problem of increasing the efficiency of utilization of cut branches of fruit trees in compacted gardens by justifying the technological scheme and parameters of the working bodies of the device for their grinding. Theoretical and experimental studies have substantiated the parameters of the shredder working bodies and the rational modes of its operation.
MODELING OF THE LIVING-CONVERTING APPARATUS OF KSK-600 KORMOSBIRAL COMBINE
Authors: Malakov Alexander , Burlaka Sergiy , Yaroshchuk Roman
Published: February 2020

The research and analysis of the interaction of working bodies of a grinding apparatus with herbal mass using the methods of theoretical mechanics, differential and integral calculus, probability theory and mathematical modeling with the use of computer software is carried out. Experimental researches were carried out on laboratory facilities and experimental sample of a crushing apparatus using the theory of planning of multifactorial experiments. Tenometric measurements of the values in determining the strength indicators of work processes were carried out using application software. The processing of the results of experimental data was carried out by the method of statistical and regression analysis on the PC.
THE RESEARCH OF TECHNICAL SERVICE MASHIN IN AGRARIAN-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
Authors: Gunko Iryna , Muzychuk Vasyl , Sludzhanyuk Maxim
Published: February 2020

In the statistics of the organization of the technical service of the automotive and automotive engineering in the structural subdivisions of the All-Ukrainian Scientific-Training Consortium of the NNVK. It is shown that the maintenance of the technical service of the service and control of the guarantee and the benefit of the guarantee of the service, will be carried out by the service of the service and maintenance, and it will be the responsibility of the service of the service and service, which will be based on the service of the service and maintenance, which will be based on the service of the customer and the staff, who will find it. Broadened recommendations for technical assistance and service, which will provide the life of the equipment.
RESEARCH OF INFLUENCE OF HIGH-FREQUENCY ELECTRICAL FIELD ON SOWING QUALITY OF CEREAL SEEDS
Authors: Solovey Ivan
Published: February 2020

A study on the effect of high-frequency electric field on cereal seeds to increase seed germination and plant growth is presented. The study was conducted in the treatment of winter wheat seeds. High-voltage electric fields are one of the promising means of influencing crop seeds. One of the areas of use of high frequency high voltage electric fields is pre-sowing seed treatment, storage and processing. Experimental studies were conducted in the laboratory on a specially designed installation using a high-frequency high-voltage source. Processing doses have been established which make it practical to use a high-frequency, high-voltage electric field in electrotechnical winter wheat seed systems. Positive influence of high-frequency electric field on increase of sowing qualities and yielding properties of seeds is established. The optimal mode for determining the winter wheat field is the micro field, the mode is 16.8 kJ per 1 kg energy, the hour is 4 seconds, and the laboratory laboratory is 20% similar.
PREPARATION OF A PAIR WITH CERTAIN THERMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS IN THE HEAT TECHNOLOGY SYSTEM
Authors: Tkachenko Stanislav , Stepanova Nataliya
Published: February 2020

Known methods for preparing saturated steam for use in a heat engineering system are analyzed. It was established that the flow rate of cooling water was overestimated in them, since part of this water is drained into the drainage system of the power plant and contributes part of the heat of the primary superheated steam there. In the proposed method for removing steam overheating before it is fed to a specific heat exchanger, it is proposed to use condensate from the same heat exchanger, moreover, due to evaporation of a part of the condensate (estimated 10 ... 20%), the metal consumption of the condensate drainage system decreases. The heat and mass transfer processes in the closed loop “heat exchanger – condensate line – desuperheater and separation device –– steam of saturated saturated steam – heat exchanger” are analyzed, the balance equations are compiled, the degree of uncertainty of the heat transfer and hydrodynamic processes in two-phase media is analyzed. A steam preparation system has been developed for a heat-technological consumer, in which by using all the condensate obtained in the steam heat exchanger as a cooler and observing a certain distance between the lower tube sheet of the heat exchanger and the central axis of the desuperheater, the problems of condensate drainage, its efficient use and removal of steam overheating are achieved.
PROBIOTICS AND THEIR ROLE IN THE PRODUCTION OF SPIRITUAL PRODUCTS OF SPECIAL PURPOSE
Authors: Solomon Alla , Polyevoda Yurii
Published: February 2020

In ensuring the proper functioning of the human body, an important role is played by the microorganisms that enter into it with symbiosis. Between them and the microorganism - symbiote, special relationships are formed, including metabolism exchange, internal ecological relations are created, which is a prerequisite for the existence of the macroorganism.
These microorganisms ferment nutrients that have not been digested in the upper gastrointestinal tract, forming a variety of chemical compounds that exert both a positive and a negative effect on the human body. Disturbance of normal activity of intestinal microflora leads to serious physiological disorders and can be the cause of a number of diseases. Therefore, the key to human health is, in particular, maintaining the gut microbiota in a normal state. Most of the human gut microbial organisms are obligate anaerobes, optional anaerobes are presented in a much smaller number.
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in dairy products containing probiotics and prebiotics.
The article deals with the main tendencies of development of modern special purpose fermented milk products and the criteria for evaluation of promising probiotic cultures and the main factors that influence the ability of bacteria to survive and maintain activity in the product before entering the gastrointestinal tract.
In this scientific work we use general scientific methods of research: analysis, synthesis, abstraction, monographic and special methods of research - statistical and calculation.
Information base of the research - current legislative and regulatory acts of Ukraine, scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists, own observations of the authors.
DETERMINATION OF THE IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT ON SOIL
Authors: Kovbasa Volodymyr , Pryshlyak Viktor , Yaroshchuk Roman
Published: February 2020

The article presents the results of studies of the interaction of the wheel drive with the soil, determined the distribution of pressure on the soil from the drive wheel, deformed, determined the magnitude of the contact zone of the drive wheel with the soil, determined the magnitude of deformation of the wheel and the soil during their interaction, obtained and obtained.
An analysis of the results showed that, as a result, up to two running systems on the ground do not give unambiguous views on the sound of parameters and modes of operation with the power of the ground; do not allow the visibility of adding parameters and operating modes of operation to the unit with a lack of adequate adequacy of the occurrence of deposits; at the guided robots, there’s information about visually distributing a clutch (for dynamic cob minds) or about changing the clutch in the zone of wheel contact with the ground.
The basis of the robot is laid on the basis of rotation, interlocking the parameters and modes of the drive of the drive wheel, geometric and mechanical powers, as well as the power with absolute deformations such as the wheel and the deformations.
Application of the Finite Differences Methods to Computation of Definite Integrals
Authors: Mehdiyeva Galina , Ibrahimov Vagif , Imanova Mehriban
Published: February 2020

- It is known that one of the popular methods constructed to solve the scientific and engineering problem is the finite difference method studied beginning from the known and famous scientists as the Newton, Leibniz, Euler and etc. One of the first applications of the finite difference method is defined as the conception of the derivatives for the continuous function. These methods have been successfully used in solving of the differential equations at the present time. But here have investigated the application of the finite-difference methods to compute the definite integrals. Constructed the stable methods with the high order of accuracy which are applied to computation of the definite integrals. Also has been found some connection between the constructed multistep methods, the Gauss and Chebyshev methods. The received here methods have been applied to the computation of the double definite integral. For this aim, here have been investigated the double integrals for the degenerate functions. The advantages of these methods are illustrated by using the known model integral, which has been solved by using the stable method with the degree p=6.
Efektifitas Massage Perineum untuk Percepatan Persalinan Kala II pada Ibu Bersalin
Authors: Laspiriyanti Isofi , Puspitasari Lina
Published: February 2020

Background: Stiff perineum is caused by the nerves of the perineal muscle contain pyruvic acidwhich enters the mitochondria which are converted into lactic acid. Lactic acid causes metabolicproblems and shrinks between the perineal muscle cells, so the perineum becomes stiff. Theimpact of a stiff perineum can inhibit the second stage of labor which increases the risk of death tothe fetus and causes damage to the birth canal or laceration. Research Objectives: to accelerate thesecond stage of labor. Research Method: The design of this study uses the case study method. Thesampling method used was non probability sampling through a purposive sampling approach of 3patients. Patients used as participants were maternity patients in Cilacap District Hospital. Datawas collected from January 2 to January 25, 2019. After tabulation with data that has beenanalyzed using analysis of explanation and time series. Results: The study showed there was agreat impact of the Perineum Massage Midwifery Care for the Acceleration of Second Stage ofLabor in Maternity Women. With the results of the first participant the process of acceleratinglabor took place within 15 minutes. In the second participant, the process of labor accelerationtook place within 10 minutes. And in the third participant the process of accelerating labor tookplace within 20 minutes. Conclusion: Thus, that Perineum Massage Care for the Acceleration ofSecond Stage of Labor is really effective.
Pengaruh Mobilisasi Dini terhadap Involusi Uterus pada Ibu Post Partum di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas O Mangunharjo Kabupaten Musi Rawas
Authors: Absari Nuril , Riyanti Desty Nova
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study is to determine Effect of Early Mobilization to Involution Utery onPostpartum mother in Area of O Mangunharjo Primary Health Care MusiRawasDistrict.Thisstudy used pre experiment (The static group comparation design). Population in this study were allPostpartum mother in Area of O Mangunharjo Primary Health Care MusiRawas District inmonth of July-August 2018 obtained 30 sample consist of 15 people doing Early Mobilization and15 did not doing Early Mobilization. Collecting data in this study used primary data with spreadedquestionnaire. Data analysis used normality data, Independent samples T Test.The result of thisstudy showed: (1) Obtained value average decreased Involution Utery on group who were doingEarly Mobilization were 8,02 days (2) Obtained value average decreased Involution Utery ongroup who were doing Early Mobilization were 9,65 days 93) there is Effect of Early Mobilizationto Involution Utery on Postpartum mother in Area of O Mangunharjo Primary Health CareMusiRawas District.
Dieta Y Sociedades Agropastoriles: Análisis De Isótopos Estables De Un Sitio De La Puna Meridional Argentina (Antofagasta De La Sierra, Catamarca)
Authors: Araníbar Julieta , López Campeny Sara M. L. , Colaneri M. Gloria , Romano Andrés S. , Macko Stephen A. , Aschero Carlos
Published: February 2020

Se presentan los resultados obtenidos a partir del análisis de isótopos estables de carbono (C), nitrógeno (N) y azufre (S), realizados sobre muestras de restos humanos (cabello y uña) y sobre fibras de origen animal (camélidos). Las muestras proceden de un contexto funerario asociado con un asentamiento residencial agropastoril (sitio Punta de la Peña 9), localizado en la localidad de Antofagasta de la Sierra, Catamarca, Puna Meridional Argentina. Los resultados son discutidos en el marco del conjunto de evidencias contextuales que se poseen para el sitio y de los modelos generales que se manejan, en relación con las estrategias de subsistencia, en el área de estudio y para el momento cronológico particular asociado con las muestras (ca. 1500 años AP). Además de la incidencia en la dieta humana de productos de origen agrícola, como el maíz, se plantea que el análisis de isótopos en muestras animales propone una línea complementaria para el abordaje de problemáticas que trascienden la información paleodietaria de las poblaciones humanas. Entre éstas, destacamos aquellas vinculadas con el complejo y multivariado proceso de domesticación de camélidos en los andes meridionales y/o con las estrategias particulares desplegadas por la actividad pastoril.
Procedencia De Artefactos De Obsidiana De Contextos Arqueológicos De Antofagasta De La Sierra (Ca. 4500-3500 Ap)
Authors: Escola Patricia , Hocsman Salomón
Published: February 2020

Este trabajo presenta los resultados de análisis de procedencia de artefactos de obsidiana provenientes de sitios arqueológicos de Antofagasta de la Sierra (Puna Meridional Argentina) datados entre los 4500 y los 3500 años AP. Estos sitios son: Punta de la Peña 4, Peñas Chicas 1.1 y Peñas Chicas 1.3. Se destaca que se trata de contextos vinculados a cazadores-recolectores en transición a un modo de vida agro-pastoril. La metodología empleada en la determinación de procedencia es el análisis instru-mental de activación neutrónica. Los resultados se comparan con los obtenidos en estudios anteriores para las ocupaciones con posterioridad al 2000 AP.
Geoarqueologia en la localidad Nutria Mansa (pdos. de gral. alvarado y loberia, provincia de buenos aires)
Authors: Favier-Dubois Cristian M. , Bonomo Mariano
Published: February 2020

En este trabajo se presentan estudios geoarqueológicos realizados en la localidad arqueológica Nutria Mansa, localizada en las márgenes del arroyo homónimo en las proximidades del litoral marítimo bonaerense. Las investigaciones arqueológicas comenzaron en el año 2000 habiéndose reconocido dos sitios en superficie (NM1sup y NM2sup), cuyos materiales fueron recuperados en zonas afectadas por el arado, y un sitio en estratigrafía (NM1), en el que se excavó una superficie de 23 m2 recuperándose material lítico y muy abundantes restos faunísticos (unas 140.000 piezas) correspondientes al Holoceno tardío. Los análisis geoarqueológicos estuvieron orientados a profundizar aspectos estratigráficos, así como a evaluar los procesos de formación y entorno ambiental de la evidencia arqueológica recuperada en la localidad. Los resultados obtenidos han permitido explicar algunos de los procesos tafonómicos involucrados en el sitio excavado, así como generar expectativas arqueológicas para diferentes posiciones del paisaje ocupado por las poblaciones prehispánicas: divisorias loéssicas (suelos naturales y arados), pendientes y valle, contribuyendo al análisis de la resolución, integridad y preservación de la evidencia antrópica en cada sector.
Prácticas mortuorias en las poblaciones tempranas del valle del río San Francisco (Prov. de Jujuy, Argentina)
Authors: Ortiz Gabriela , Nieva Luis
Published: February 2020

A partir de los nuevos hallazgos realizados en la región pedemontana de la provincia de Jujuy en los últimos 15 años, se discuten las particulares condiciones de inhumación y las prácticas mortuorias asociadas con los grupos adscriptos a la llamada Tradición San Francisco (800 a.C.- 400 d.C). Aunque aún escasas y parciales, estas nuevas evidencias nos permiten discutir algunas de las modalidades en relación a las prácticas mortuorias llevadas a cabo por estas poblaciones tradicionalmente consideradas como agroalfareras y que hoy están siendo pensadas como sociedades cazadoras, recolectoras y pescadoras.
Por encima de las nubes. Caminos, santuarios y arte rupestre en la serranía de Calilegua (Jujuy, Argentina)
Authors: Cruz Pablo , Jara Rosario
Published: February 2020

Resumen Investigaciones desarrolladas en la serranía de Calilegua (Jujuy, Argentina) pusieron en evidencia una intensa ocupación de la región durante los períodos de Desarrollos Regionales e Inka. Esta se relaciona tanto con la explotación de yacimientos mineros como con la producción de recursos silvestres de alta valoración simbólica propios de la franja selvática de la vertiente oriental andina. En este trabajo se presentan y se analizan los nuevos datos registrados, focalizándonos en los sitios con arte rupestre y su participación en la demarcación simbólica del territorio y sacralización del espacio.
Recursos líticos, aprovisionamiento y aspectos temporales de fuentes de abastecimiento en Amaicha del Valle, Tucumán, Argentina
Authors: Somonte Carolina , Baied Carla
Published: February 2020

Este trabajo aborda la problemática del aprovisionamiento de recursos líticos y aspectos cronológicos de las fuentes de abastecimiento a partir del espacio donde se encuentra emplazado el sitio arqueológico Planchada La Puntilla (Amaicha del Valle, Tucumán, Argentina). Se presentan los atributos generales de la base regional de recursos líticos, las materias primas utilizadas y sus fuentes de aprovisionamiento. Específicamente se discute la utilidad del concepto de fuente terciaria en relación al uso/explotación de las fuentes de aprovisionamiento en el largo plazo.
San José de Flores, un lugar en el mundo
Authors: Camino Ulises
Published: February 2020

En este trabajo se sintetizan las tareas realizadas por el Proyecto Arqueológico Flores, de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, hasta el momento. Las hipótesis que guían la investigación, la metodología empleada, la bibliografía relevada, los sitios arqueológicos excavados y el marco teórico utilizado se resume en las siguientes páginas. Se plantea además que la teoría y la metodología aquí empleada puede ser útil para analizar otras regiones urbanas de nuestro país y Latinoamérica.
Ocupaciones humanas y grabados rupestres del norte de la sierra de Valle Fértil (Provincia de San Juan)
Authors: Re Anahí , Podestá M. Mercedes , Romero Guadalupe
Published: February 2020

Se considera la problemática de las ocupaciones humanas prehispánicas del norte de la sierra de Valle Fértil (Provincia de San Juan), a partir del análisis del arte rupestre documentado. El objetivo de este trabajo es profundizar en la caracterización de los grabados de la región, haciendo hincapié en la zona de valles y quebradas. Así, se busca evaluar el potencial uso diferencial al interior de ésta, así como considerar su rol en una escala amplia. Se presenta la nueva información disponible al tiempo que se evalúan nuevas variables. Se revisa la tipología propuesta y se plantean subtipos más detallados a fi n de sistematizar la diversidad morfológica observada. Asimismo, se exploran los patrones de distribución de las representaciones en distintas escalas, comparando los diferentes sitios así como la disposición al interior de los mismos. Por último, enfatizando la asociación del arte rupestre con otros tipos de evidencias arqueológicas, se busca brindar mayor información acerca de los posibles roles que tuvo el mismo dentro de la ocupación de la región.
Arte rupestre de las sierras del Norte de Córdoba, Argentina
Authors: Urquiza Silvana Valeria
Published: February 2020

Con el objetivo de ampliar el conocimiento para la región se presenta el registro y caracterización de cinco sitios con arte rupestre en la Sierra Norte de la Provincia de Córdoba (Argentina). Hasta el momento se identifi caron 172 representaciones pintadas y grabadas, distribuidas en 12 soportes. Como aproximación a los temas plasmados, dinámica, uso de los espacios y la cronológica relativa, se analizan los tipos de ejecución, superposiciones y yuxtaposiciones. Se discute también la correlación estilística con otras regiones de Córdoba, Catamarca y La Rioja. Esto permitió distinguir un grupo estilístico en común, con énfasis en la representación humana, propio del ámbito de las Sierras Pampeanas.
Huellas de aserrado perimetral sobre restos óseos humanos. El caso del sitio Cerro Lutz, provincia de Entre Ríos
Authors: Acosta Alejandro , Buc Natacha , Pau David
Published: February 2020

Se presenta el caso de dos fragmentos óseos humanos intencionalmente modifi cados mediante la técnica de aserrado perimetral (AP). Ambos ejemplares provienen del sitio Cerro Lutz, cuya ocupación arqueológica fue generada por grupos cazadores-recolectores que habitaron el humedal del Paraná inferior (HPI) durante los últimos 2500 años C14 (Holoceno tardío). Aunque el AP es una técnica ampliamente representada en la mayoría de los sitios arqueológicos del HPI, hasta ahora solo había sido identifi cada sobre restos faunísticos. El principal objetivo del trabajo es discutir las posibles conductas vinculadas con los hallazgos mencionados a través de otras evidencias arqueológicas disponibles y proponer algunas hipótesis preliminares dado que se trata de un registro prácticamente desconocido en el área de estudio. En tal sentido, se realizan distintas interpretaciones para establecer, por ejemplo, si dichos artefactos, además de constituir parte del sistema tecnológico, tuvieron algún otro tipo de asociación o connotación especial vinculada con las prácticas mortuorias.
Ocupaciones humanas a cielo abierto de finales del Holoceno medio y comienzos del Holoceno tardío en el valle de San Antonio de los Cobres, puna de Salta
Authors: Muscio Hernán Juan
Published: February 2020

El Valle de San Antonio de los Cobres, en la puna de Salta, Argentina, presenta registro arqueológico a cielo abierto en contextos estratigráfi cos datados hacia fi nales del Holoceno medio y comienzos del Holoceno tardío. Este trabajo da a conocer la información de la excavación de estos sitios y discute su implicancia para el conocimiento de las adaptaciones de cazadores recolectores que ocuparon esta región durante ca 5000-3500 años AP. Esta evidencia sustenta una dinámica de intensifi cación creciente del nicho económico, acompañada del aumento en el tamaño poblacional, con una estrategia de baja movilidad residencial, el uso muy heterogéneo del espacio y una marcada selectividad de hábitats. Este proceso, hacia inicios del Holoceno tardío, se incrementó, favoreciendo la inversión en estructuras arquitectónicas, y probablemente la adopción de nuevas tecnologías como la cerámica, en un contexto de menor movilidad residencial, con un nicho básicamente cazador, con una mayor diversidad de tecnologías de caza, y probablemente con practicas pastoriles.
Indicios en la tierra: inhumaciones y fosfatos. Una experiencia en Tucumán (Argentina)
Authors: Binder Paula V. , Ataliva Víctor
Published: February 2020

Se presentan los resultados de una intervención que se propuso generar una base teóricametodológica que respaldara una etapa pericial para la Justicia Federal de la provincia de Tucumán (Argentina). Durante la instancia de investigación confl uyeron los aportes de la Ingeniería Industrial, de las Geociencias, de la Arqueología y la Química, posibilitando proponer un Plan de Trabajo que viabilice la detección de inhumaciones clandestinas en un territorio militar comprometido con las prácticas sociales genocidas llevadas a cabo en Tucumán desde mediados de la década de 1970. En este trabajo se discuten los resultados de una prospección geoquímica que permitió –a partir de la experimentación y evaluación en terreno y laboratorio– por un lado, contribuir con una propuesta de detección de inhumaciones clandestinas en contextos en los que se presume su existencia y, por otro, generar información para futuras intervenciones en el sitio histórico Estancia de San José de Lules (Tucumán).
Determinación de la base regional de recursos líticos del área Río Manso Inferior-Foyel (Río Negro). Primeros resultados
Authors: Calatayud Mariana Carballido , Xavier Pereyra Fernando
Published: February 2020

Las investigaciones que se vienen desarrollando en el bosque del suroeste de Río Negro y noroeste de Chubut han expuesto los desafíos que implica habitar este ambiente para sociedades que basan su subsistencia en la caza y recolección (Bellelli et al. 2000, Carballido Calatayud 2009, Fernández 2008). Desarrollar esta forma de vida en los bosques presenta mayores difi cultades que en la estepa, ya que en ellos hay una menor biomasa animal y las potenciales presas frecuentemente son mamíferos de porte mediano a pequeño, de hábitos solitarios y dispersos. Además, el desarrollo de la vegetación difi culta el tránsito y la visibilidad de los recursos dentro del bosque (Carballido Calatayud 2009, Fernández et al. 2011a, Scheinsohn 2004). En general existe cierto consenso en que la ocupación de este ambiente implicó algún tipo de complementariedad ambiental (Arrigoni 1997, Bellelli et al. 2003, Lezcano et al. 2010, Hajduk et al. 2004, Silveira 1999). En relación con las materias primas líticas para la talla, la existencia de dicha complementariedad o más precisamente la presencia de rocas no locales en los conjuntos arqueológicos de bosque ha sido informada por diversos autores. En algunos casos estas rocas constituyen la totalidad o casi la totalidad del material identifi cado (Hajduk et al. 2004) mientras que en otros la proporción de materias primas locales y no locales es variable (López 2010, Silveira 1996). Para ambas situaciones, la disponibilidad local y en algunos casos la abundancia de rocas ha sido considerada como el principal factor para explicar la representación de las materias primas en los conjuntos líticos (Hajduk et al. 2004, López 2010, Silveira 1996).
Basural o acumulación natural de restos faunísticos? Análisis zooarqueológico del fortín La Perra (1883-1885), La Pampa.
Authors: Doval Jimena , Tapia Alicia H.
Published: February 2020

El Fortín La Perra (Dpto. Loventué, La Pampa), fue uno de los asentamientos militares que se instalaron a partir de 1883 en la pampa central para ejercer la vigilancia del territorio aborigen recientemente conquistado. Las investigaciones arqueológicas realizadas en este sitio nos permitieron defi nir algunos indicadores del comportamiento de las milicias en campaña. Se registraron dos tipos de acumulaciones: una donde predominan los materiales vítreos y otra con abundantes restos faunísticos. En este trabajo se analizan los procesos de formación de esta última concentración de materiales arqueológicos. Para ello, en primer lugar utilizamos las plantas de distribución espacial de los restos faunísticos correspondientes a los diferentes niveles de excavación. En segundo lugar, evaluamos la incidencia que habrían tenido en la formación del registro diversas variables tafonómicas tales como: la pendiente del terreno, la vegetación, la dispersión de los diferentes especímenes en el área excavada, su densidad, grado de articulación, termoalteración, meteorización, marcas de carnívoros y huellas antrópicas. Según las características topográfi cas y los procesos tafonómicos identifi cados, se plantea que ese sector del asentamiento habría funcionado como un sitio destinado al descarte de residuos de comida.
Zooarqueología en la llanura aluvial del Paraná: el sitio Campo Binaghi desde una perspectiva regional
Authors: Sartori Julieta , Jimeno Laura Pérez
Published: February 2020

En el presente trabajo se dan a conocer los resultados del análisis de los restos arqueofaunísticos provenientes del sitio Campo Binaghi, ubicado en la llanura aluvial del Paraná medio (Las Toscas, Prov. de Santa Fe). Fueron identifi cadas distintas especies de cérvidos, roedores, dasipódidos, peces y reptiles, de los cuales se discute aquí su ingreso al registro, así como también la importancia relativa de cada taxa. Para establecer estos aspectos se realizó, por un lado, el relevamiento de los agentes tafonómicos que podrían estar incidiendo en la muestra, y por otro, el de los factores relacionados con el tipo de procesamiento (eg. huellas, tipo y estado de fractura). Si bien Campo Binaghi se encuentra dentro de la misma ecoregión que otros sitios estudiados, como Cerro Aguará y Barrancas del Paranacito, se haya emplazado en un área geomorfológicamente más alta y abierta, lo que facilitaría el acceso a otro tipo de recursos propios de estos ambientes. El conocer el tipo de explotación faunística que habrían realizado los grupos cazadores-recolectores que habitaron Campo Binaghi es de gran relevancia, ya que permitirá compararla con la de aquellos contextos que se encuentran próximos, pudiendo ampliar de este modo el conocimiento acerca de la utilización del espacio y los recursos de la zona en el pasado.
Introducción
Authors: Martínez Jorge , Rivero Diego
Published: February 2020

En este dossier Estrategias y Técnicas de Caza Prehispánicas, correspondiente al número 17 (1) de Comechingonia. Revista de Arqueología, se presenta un conjunto de artículos que discuten diversos aspectos relacionados con las estrategias y técnicas de caza implementadas por las sociedades prehispánicas que habitaron diferentes regiones del actual territorio argentino en distintos momentos a lo largo del Holoceno.
Diversidad de tecnologías de caza en la Puna transicional de Chaschuil (Dpto. Tinogasta, Catamarca)
Authors: Ratto Norma
Published: February 2020

Se Se presenta un compendio de las diferentes líneas de investigación desarrolladas y los resultados alcanzados para abordar el estudio de la organización tecnológica de la caza de camélidos silvestres por parte de sociedades cinegéticas y productivas que ocuparon la región puneña de Chaschuil en tiempos prehispánicos.