bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DNA Quality Control of PCR products and native DNA by Agarose Gel Electrophoresis v1
Authors: Schwessinger Benjamin
Published: February 2025

This protocols is part of the ANU Biosecurity mini-research project #1 "Plant Pathogen Diagnostics: Visuals, subcultures, and genomics". You will be provided four pots of 3-4 week old wheat plants that have been infected with different wheat pathogens. Each pot has been infected with one major pathogen. You will not know which pot has been infected with which pathogen. However, you will be provided a compendium of 10-15 wheat pathogens that will guide you to identify the infective agent for each treatment group. The fifth treatment group will be uninfected wheat plants which will be clearly identified. You can use treatment group #5 as negative control for your experiments. In total, each group will obtain five pots each: This specific protocol is a step by step guide to assess DNA quality via agarose gel electrophoresis. Agarose gel electrophoresis lets you assess the size of DNA molecules. In addition, you can estimate DNA concentrations and impurities of RNA. During agarose gel electrophoresis DNA gets linearised. Larger molecules take longer to migrate through the gel when migration is driven by a electric potential at the specific pH of the buffer. When running a standard DNA ladder with bands of known molecular size, one can compare the DNA size of ones DNA or PCR sample with the known standards. The final goal is to achieve the following: To assess DNA length of molecules in total DNA stock samples and for all PCR reactions. To approximately estimate relative DNA concentrations. To test if negative PCR controls did not amplify anything as appropriate. To test if whole DNA extracts contain RNA in addition to DNA. Select samples from three research groups to be sequenced in the practical of week 6. This protocol is applicable for week 5. Protocols progress overview: Week 5 Run a 1% Agarose Gel electrophoresis for all samples of each research group. Some useful explainers and resources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4846332/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agarose_gel_electrophoresis https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZDZUAleWX78
Reliability and efficiency in technology selection in logistics facilities – multi-criteria decision support using the AHP method
Authors: Panek Aleksandra , Jacyna Marianna , Jachimowski Roland , Szczepański Emilian
Published: February 2025

Reliability, including on-time delivery, is a key indicator of supply chain efficiency. Logistics facilities like warehouses and terminals play a crucial role in meeting service deadlines. Choosing the right technology, such as equipment for goods flow, is essential to ensuring process efficiency and reliability. This paper highlights the usefulness of multi-criteria decision-making methods, particularly the AHP method, in selecting optimal technological solutions based on efficiency and reliability indicators. The study analyzes modern warehouse technologies, evaluating their impact on cargo flow and operational reliability. Using the AHP method, solutions were compared based on factors like efficiency, reliability, access time, security, and costs. Technologies assessed include advanced high-rack systems, AGVs, and drones. The findings demonstrate the AHP method's value in aiding decision-makers and its contribution to enhancing efficiency and reliability in supply chains.
Improving Reliability in Electric Vehicle Battery Management Systems through Deep Learning-Based Cell Balancing Mechanisms
Authors: Shivkumar Poorani , S Jebarani Evangeline , K Bagyalakshmi , T Maris Murugan
Published: February 2025

Cell Balancing (CB) is a crucial aspect of the Battery Management System (BMS), which is used to increase the batteries operate time as well as operational life. The most widely used method is Passive Cell Balancing (PCB) since it is inexpensive and simple to use. This work proposes an algorithm using Deep Learning (DL) that selects the balancing resistor effectively with respect to increasing temperature, C-rate, level of cell imbalance, and balancing duration. Convolution Neural Network (CNN), hybrid method of Convolution Neural Network (CNN)-Long short-term memory (LSTM) (CNN-LSTM) and Convolution Bidirectional LSTM (CNN-BiLSTM) are used to assess the performance of the suggested system. In order to optimize the balancing parameters, the balancing system's error analysis is carried out, and performance indices like Mean Square Error (MSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) are used to compare the suggested algorithms. The hybrid CNN-BiLSTM obtained MAE of 0.0453, MSE of 0.0062 and RMSE value of 0.0671 which is better than other models.
"CHYHYRYN'S DISCOURSE" OF SHEVCHENKO'S POEMS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Hudyma Anna
Published: February 2025

I n t r o d u c t i o n . The significant role of Chyhyryn in Ukrainian history is due to the fact that the period of the city's functioning as the capital – 1648–1676 – was also the time of the Ukrainian Hetmanate state. In view of this, Shevchenko's "Chyhyryn" discourse acquires significant importance within the limits of his historiosophy. Not only the state-scale matters are attributed Chyhyryn, but also the fact that there was made the decision to accept Moscow's patronage. That is why it is important to find out Shevchenko's view on this issue.
The purpose of the article is to analyze Shevchenko's poems concerned with the image of Chyhyryn and its fate; to find out the related meanings that are significant for the poet; to determine the role of the image-symbol of Chyhyryn in Shevchenko's discourse.
M e t h o d s . Hermeneutic, comparative methods, analysis and synthesis are used.
R e s u l t s . It was found that Chygyryn occupied an important place in Shevchenko's picture of the world. His poems referring to the image of the Ukrainian hetman's capital were analyzed. Within the scope of Shevchenko's "Chygyryn" discourse, the poem – "Chyhyryn, O Chyhyryn..." and the painting – "Gifts in Chyhyryn in 1649" (both 1844) are in our opinion the key ones. This according to the meaning that the author himself gave to these works of art.
According to T. Shevchenko, Chyhyryn is associated with the statehood idea and the heroic liberation struggle. The poet's "sanctification" of Chyhyryn (recognition of it as a holy place) naturally refers to his corresponding perception of Chyhyryn's era of Ukrainian history, marked by fredoom and statehood, until 1676.
C o n c l u s i o n s . In Shevchenko's poems, starting with "Haydamaky" and ending with the poems of 1848, we faced the two images of Chyhyryn: the hetman's ones, in the time of its glory, statehood role, and the one enslaved by the Muscovites, and then by the Russian Empire, which seem to stand in for each other. Within the scope of the "Chyhyryn" discourse in Shevchenko's poems, in view of the enslaved situation of Ukraine, the first noticeable thing is the decline of Cossack glory, the state, national self-awareness and national memory ("Haydamaky", "Chyhyryn, O Chyhyryn...", "A black cloud has set in..."), bifurcation of the national organism (two Ivans - "Big Cellar", Samoilovych – Doroshenko – "A black cloud has set in..."). It should also be noted that even when the poet portrays Chyhyryn in an anti-Polish paradigm, his works are filled with distinctly anti-Moscow content, since both the reminder of Chyhyryn's former greatness and the depiction of the decayed modern state of the once glorious Cossack capital speak of the destructive Moscow's contribution.
TARAS SHEVCHENKO'S PERSON IN LINA KOSTENKO'S PERCEPTION: FROM POETICS TO WORLD VIEW
Authors:   Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University, Mykolaiv, Ukraine, Danylenko Iryna
Published: February 2025

I n t r o d u c t i o n . Despite the fact that Lina Kostenko's poetic Shevchenkiana has already attracted the attention of scientists, today it is not described fully enough: firstly, because not all of Kostenko's poems about Taras Shevchenko were taken into account, and secondly, because the poetics of these works (especially their verse specificity) were studied episodically. The purpose of the article. 1) to reveal the peculiarities of the poetic reception of Shevchenko's person in the lyrics of L. Kostenko, taking into account the poetics of her Shevchenkiana motivated by the artistic idea; 2) get additional information about L. Kostenko's ethical and aesthetic beliefs.
M e t h o d s . The article applies a complex approach to the analysis of the material using comparative-historical, comparative-typological, structural-semantic methods, scientific provisions of M. Bakhtin's dialogical doctrine, theories of intertextuality and intermediality.
R e s u l t s . Due to the fact that Shevchenko is a kind of moral tuning fork for Kostenko, in most of her Shevchenko's works, Taras acts either as an explicit addressee, on the appeals of which the poem is built, or as a role hero, whose speech forms the basis of poetry. Hence the peculiar poetics of dialogue in the poems about Shevchenko: specific graphics, syntax, vocabulary, which are designed to create the illusion of conversational speech, moreover, often stylized according to Shevchenko's "voice". In Kostenko's Shevchenkiana, poetics also plays an important role of metrical-rhythmic, graphic, sound, syntactic italics, clarifying the main concepts, images, motifs of the works, and sometimes acting as a means of stylizing Shevchenko's "voice".
C o n c l u s i o n s . Kostenko, in fact, consistently implements Shevchenko's principle of thoughtful, insightful and lyrical perception of the world, when the aesthetics of the work does not dominate, but is subordinated to the author's thought. Contemplating her life creed through the prism of Shevchenko's worldview foundations, the poetess finds a lot in common with them. But at the same time, Kostenko represents her unique, exquisite poetic style with a wide range of her favorite artistic techniques, always inspired by the tendency to deepen the content of her poems.
SEMANTIC COORDINATE OF TARAS SHEVCHENKO'S POEM "NAIMYCHKA"
Authors:   National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kuranova Svitlana , Zernetskyi Pavlo ,   National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: February 2025

B a c k g r o u n d . The semantic coordinate of the discourse-portrait of the linguistic personality is related to the meaningful interpretation of the sign, the relationship between the sign and the meaning, it is the totality of the writer's knowledge about the world: they are reflected in the corresponding system of concepts, categories, etc. Such concepts and categories are related to the relevant referents and personal meanings of the communicators. Modeling of the semantic coordinate of the discourse-portrait of a linguistic personality takes place in two ways: one of them involves the study of semantic-role configurations and their sequences, the second – the study of semantic interpropositional relations. The main unit of analysis is a proposition as the invariant content of several logically equivalent sentences. This kind of research could become a new effective tool for linguistic reading of Taras Shevchenko's works.
M e t h o d s . The following methods were used to study Taras Shevchenko's poem "Naymichka": semantic-role analysis, which focuses on the study of semanticrole configurations (lattices) and their sequences present in the text. 488 semanticrole configurations were investigated.
R e s u l t s . The frequency of semantic-role configurations was determined, the nature of their relationship with prototypical lattices was revealed, cases of diversification of semantic-role structures were recorded, such as: omission, minimization, doubling, combination, expansion of the set of role characteristics, metaphorization. It was found that the most frequent are configurations with agents, patients, locatives and benefactives; the most typical are two-component configurations, their number is 42 % of those available in the text. It was found that Taras Shevchenko's text poem "Naymichka" is not characterized by repeated semantic-role configuration.
C o n c l u s i o n s . It was revealed that the textual model of the poem "Naimichka" is dynamic, full of events, the actions are almost never repeated; the speech of the characters is natural and realistically reproduced. The author's speech is characterized as evaluative, emotional and "cinematic".
SHEVCHENKO STUDIES AT THE INSTITUTE OF LITERATURE IN THE PERIOD FROM THE POGROM TO THE END OF THE WAR: THE MAIN TREND (1936–1945)
Authors:   Shevchenko Institute of Literature NASU, Kyiv, Ukraine, Lebid-Hrebeniuk Yevheniia
Published: February 2025

B a c k g r o u n d . The relevance of the work is due to the need for a revision study and rethinking of the Soviet literary heritage, when the study of Taras Shevchenko's work paid attention not so much to literary problems as to ideological and populist slogans. Accordingly, the goal of our study was to objectively consider the works of academic critics of Shevchenko, pointing out the obvious tendency, the contentiousness of certain literary judgments and to identify those works that most vividly, productively and talentedly trace the peculiarities of the poetics and language of the Shevchenko's texts.
M e t h o d s . The methodological basis of the study was the system-analytical approach and the method of theoretical generalization.
R e s u l t s . The analysis of contemporary works allows us to conclude that some of the materials currently have only historical and literary value. The article pays special attention to individual studios that still retain their scientific potential and are of interest to modern researchers (works of M. Heppenera, M. Hrinchenka, P. Popova, L. Bulakhovskoho, V. Ilina). Even in the conditions of war and internal terror, scientists were able to continue or find new topics that were developed in further research; a chronological review of the manuscripts of Shevchenko's literary works collected at the time in the funds of the Institute of Literature was made; an index of folk songs that Shevchenko knew (based on the poet's own texts or the testimonies-recollections of his contemporaries) is compiled. Also, a number of facts and documents were introduced into scientific circulation, which revealed episodes of Shevchenko's biography, that were little known at the time. In linguistic studies work was carried out on the poet's manuscripts, a number of valid observations were made about vocabulary, syntax, punctuation, spelling, emphasis in Shevchenko's poetic texts.
C o n c l u s i o n s . The observations offered in the our article complement the history of academic Shevchenko studies, add additional touches to the understanding of the literary process of the specified period.
TARAS SHEVCHENKO IN CAMOUFLAGE: "KOBZAR" EDITED BY SERHIІ PUSHCHENKO
Authors:   H. S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Levchenko Nataliia
Published: February 2025

B a c k g r o u n d . "Kobzar" by Taras Shevchenko edited by Serhiy Pushchenko, the text of which is woven from artistic modernized visual and Shevchenko verbal images, is a vivid embodiment of the creative essence of the poet-artist and at the same time convincing evidence of the growing relevance of the artist's work in the 21st century.
M e t h o d s . Intermediate and hermeneutic methods were used.
R e s u l t s . It was found that pilot study of the intermedial aspect of "Kobzar. (Front Kobzarya)" by T. Shevchenko edited by S. Pushchenko became the basis for the study of artistic means of actualizing the motifs of the poetry of the genius artist of the 19th century in the context of the challenges of the modern Russian-Ukrainian war. The creative experiment of S. Pushchenko, combining the futuristic and postmodern experience of collage creation, became a new phenomenon in modern Ukrainian literature. The lyrical history of the verbal lyrical text created by T. Shevchenko is involved by the author of the artistic project in a complex system of extratextual connections with works of photo art in combination with illustrations. Verbal texts and collages retain their own autonomy and at the same time form a coherent unity with a complex code that allows deciphering the meanings embedded in the intermedia work of a new model.
C o n c l u s i o n s . The form of synchronous display of T. Shevchenko's verbal texts and collages created by S. Pushchenko through the synthesis of visual arts, in which pictures of the modern Russian-Ukrainian war, which is terrible for Ukrainians with the number of destructions and lost lives, conveys as fully as possible not only the personal experiences of the author of the project, but also of the entire Ukrainian people.
VIEW OF THE UKRAINIAN DIASPORA: TARAS SHEVCHENKO ON THE PAGES OF "KRYLATI" PUBLICATION
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Litvynchuk Taisa
Published: February 2025

Background. With the achievement of independence, there is a growing interest in the humanities in the life of Ukrainians forced to leave abroad, their activities, connections with the historical heritage, the culture of the people, their traditions and literature. One of the key figures who united the diaspora with Ukraine, who inspired unity, was Taras Shevchenko, who is given one of the leading places on the pages of the "Krylatye" publication.
Methods. The study of the peculiarity of the reception and interpretation of the figure of the artist on the pages of the patriotically directed "The Winged Ones "involved the use of general scientific (induction, deduction, synthesis, analysis) and special methods (philological, cultural-historical, descriptive and structural-semantic).
Results. The study of the content and visual content of "The Winged Ones" from 1963 to 1969 (inclusive) made it possible to trace the consistent appeal of readers and members of the publication's editorial staff to the figure of T. Shevchenko and his work. At the same time, attention was focused on the poet's biographical information and their artistic interpretation, which often bordered on conjecture; expression of the timelessness and universality of the poet's poetic intentions; ideas of the continuity of the people's struggle for freedom.
Conclusions. Correspondence between the content, illustrative material of the publication and the age characteristics of the readers of "The Winged Ones" was established. The trend towards the formation of the image of T. Shevchenko as a more visible, understandable for perception, as a fighter against enslavement, a guide on the way to the freedom of the state is traced. Thanks to the appeal to the artist's poetic creativity ("hug!", "brothers!", "learn, my brothers!") on the pages of "The Winged Ones" magazine, it was possible to draw attention to the timeliness of the content of the Ukrainian national question, the need for unity and common efforts of the Council of the Future of Ukraine. Inter-artistic connections related to the strategies of reception and interpretation of the figure of T. Shevchenko, his work (messages about the installation of monuments, commenting on their photographs, illustrations for news, separate philatelic production, etc.) testified to the patriotic mood of representatives of the Ukrainian diaspora and their families , the desire to mark the conquered territory, to testify to the existence of one's own history and culture. In addition, the content of "The Winged Ones" connected with the figure of the poet (communications from readers of the publication about participation in events dedicated to T. Shevchenko) recorded their indifference to the Ukrainian issue, the desire to attract other representatives of Ukrainians of their age to joint activities.
UKRAINIAN-GEORGIAN LITERARY RELATIONS: DOMINANTS OF MODERN COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Hrytsyk Liudmyla
Published: February 2025

B a c k g r o u n d . This paper uses the material of contemporary Ukrainian-Georgian literary relations to analyze the movement of scientific thought in their study. The active interaction of research approaches – genetic-contact and comparative-typological – transformed the general paradigm, led to new directions in comparative studies, and influenced the development of problematic and thematic artistic models.
M e t h o d s . This research is a testament to the interdisciplinary nature of the field, employing a variety of methods: historical and literary, contact genetic, comparative, and typological. The conceptual provisions of works on cultural studies, receptive aesthetics, ethno-imagology, translation studies, intermedial and postcolonial studies are all brought to bear in this article.
R e s u l t s . A study of contemporary Ukrainian-Georgian comparative studies has shown that the authors change their research methods depending on the material and purpose. The reliance on the methodological provisions of literary theory diversifies the nature of comparisons and activates the developments of receptive aesthetics, imagology, and narratology.
Observations on Ukrainian-Georgian comparative studies underscore the crucial role of training Kartvelologists and Ukrainianists, and the necessity of mastering the original languages. This linguistic proficiency significantly influences the selection of material for comparisons and enables a deeper study of the problems of comparative poetics, the use of interdisciplinary approaches, etc.
C o n c l u s i o n s . New comparative approaches to studying Ukrainian-Georgian literary relations – a departure from the dominant moments of the positivist phase, the use of comparative and typological approaches –have radically changed the studies and filled them with new content. The research made it possible to more fully sense the changes in national literature, the main trends in their development, issues, and genre specificity. Finally, to "let" contemporary literature into the field of study so that the picture of its development would be fuller, the conceptual field in which each literature develops would be broader.
Structural varieties of graphene-like boron nitride BN-L4-6-8
Authors:   Chelyabinsk State University, Ryashentsev Dmitry S. , Belenkov Maxim E. ,   Chelyabinsk State University, Firsova Daria A. ,   Chelyabinsk State University
Published: February 2025

Geometrically optimized structures and electronic properties of new layered polymorphic varieties of boron nitride with a graphene-like structure with an unequivalent number of structural positions were determined using the first-principles method of density functional theory. The structures of new graphene-like monolayers consist of boron and nitrogen atoms in a three-coordinated state and were modeled from a layer of graphene-like boron nitride BN-L6 by introducing a 4-6-8 topological defect. The possibility of sustainable existence of six structural varieties of BN-L4-6-8 has been established. The sublimation energy values of the new polymorphic species range from 17.37 eV/(BN) to 17.78 eV/(BN). The band gap varies from 3.16 eV to 4.03 eV. The dependences of the energy parameter (sublimation energy) on structural parameters (deformation parameter and layer density) were determined.
A Novel Digital Filter for De-noising MRI Images Based on the Integration of NLM, PCA, PSO Techniques, and Universal Self-Matching between Values
Authors:   Al-Ma’moon University College, Ghaffoori Ali Jasim , Kamil Ahmed Talal ,   Al-Iraqia University, Ahmed Anas Fouad ,   Al-Iraqia University
Published: February 2025

This paper introduces a novel MRI digital filter that incorporates patch-based non-local means (NLM) and principal component analysis (PCA) to boost noise cancellation and signal preservation in MRI images. The suggested technique increases robustness by leveraging Pre-denoised circular stable non-local mean filter (PCS-NLM) to consider stable and circular patches while utilizing PCA for dimensionality minimization and noise separation. To further improve the filtering process, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is applied to optimize key parameters, balancing noise elimination and the keeping of crucial anatomical structures. Moreover, an effective voxel intensity traversal approach is proposed, increasing the search region for identical patches, which leads to improved noise recognition and elimination. The quantitative findings show that the offered method attains superior average Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and average Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) values compared to other approaches, reflecting improved image quality while keeping crucial details. The suggested strategy minimizes computational time greatly, making it feasible for real-time clinical scenarios where prompt MRI analysis is critical. The technique also shows powerful adaptability to low and high noise intensities (10%–90%), making it useful in different clinical applications. The article uses the Multi-Level and Multi-Model Deep Quality Evaluator of MRI Images (MEDQEMRI) for clinical filtering assessment. When tested on real and private clinical datasets, the presented technique attains the highest MEDQEMRI values, confirming its superior outcomes in real-world clinical scenarios. Overall, the proposed filter illustrates significant improvements in noise elimination, detail conservation, and computing efficiency, making it a powerful tool for improving MRI analysis.
Bragg Light Diffraction by Piezoactive Acoustic Waves in Bismuth Germanate and Bismuth Silicate Crystals
Authors:   Institute of Ion-Plasma and Laser Technologies of AS of the Uzbekistan Republic, Akhmedzhanov Farkhad R. , Elboyeva Mokhinur I. ,   Institute of Ion-Plasma and Laser Technologies of AS of the Uzbekistan Republic
Published: February 2025

Bragg light diffraction anisotropy by longitudinal piezoactive acoustic waves in crystals of bismuth germanate and silicate has been studied taking into account the influence of additional (induced) piezoelectric-optical contribution to the values of the effective photoelastic constants and the acousto-optic quality factor M2. The dependence of the coefficient M2 on the direction of the wave vector of longitudinal acoustic waves in the crystallographic plane (110) was studied in detail. The revealed features of Bragg diffraction of light on piezoactive acoustic waves in crystals that also have optical activity will be useful in the development of acousto-optic devices.
Digital parametric method for measuring the frequency and phase difference of signals with slowly changing parameters
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Nikitin Andrey V. , Perchenko Sergey V. ,   Volgograd State University
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we propose a digital parametric method for measuring the frequency and phase difference of signals with slowly varying parameters, allowing to update the estimates of these quantities on the sampling interval. The statistical characteristics of the proposed method are investigated. It is shown that to improve the accuracy of its operation it is reasonable to use decimation of signal samples. The recursive expressions for implementation of the method, requiring a minimum number of mathematical operations independent of the length of the sliding measurement interval, are given. The results of processing of model signals with slowly varying frequency and phase difference in the presence of amplitude modulation and additive noise are presented.
Interdigitated structures based on ferroelectric films
Authors:   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Fryazino branch, Afanasyev Mikhail S. , Belorusov Dmitry A. ,   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Fryazino branch, Kiselev Dmitry A. ,   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Fryazino branch, Smirnov Andrey V. ,   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Chucheva Galina V. ,   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Fryazino branch
Published: February 2025

Ferroelectric films of Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3 composition were synthesized on silicon substrates by RF sputtering. Interdigital structures were formed on the grown films by magnetron sputtering and projection maskless photolithography. High-frequency measurements of impedance dependences of formed objects on voltage were carried out. Results of studies of electrophysical properties of obtained structures are presented.
Hybrid autonomous uninhabited underwater vehicle for underwater lighting in shallow waters
Authors:   Institute of Problems of Marine Technologies FEB RAS, Matvienko Yuri V. , Kuz'kin Venedikt M. ,   Prokhorov Institute of General Physics of RAS, Kostenko Vladimir V. ,   Institute of Problems of Marine Technologies FEB RAS, Pereselkov Sergey A. ,   Voronezh State University, Khvorostov Yurii A. ,   Institute of Problems of Marine Technologies FEB RAS, Grachev Vladimir I. ,   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Ladykin Nikolay V. ,   Voronezh State University
Published: February 2025

The configuration of a hybrid autonomous uninhabited underwater vehicle capable of covertly providing operational monitoring of the underwater situation in a remote area of shallow waters for a specified time is described. The device is equipped with systems for changing buoyancy and stability, which make it possible, along with the operating propulsion mode, to implement the underwater glider mode. On board the device there is a receiving vector-scalar antenna for receiving and processing information in real time and navigation and communication systems for transmitting data to the control center.
Physics in strong and ultrastrong magnetic fields. New phenomena and effects.
Authors:   Объединенный институт ядерных исследований, Мышинский Геннадий В.
Published: February 2025

Формируется новая область научных исследований. В статье предсказаны новые явления, происходящие в сильных, ультрасильных магнитных полях и расширяющие наши знания об известных физических законах. Представлены первые эксперименты и свойства низкоэнергетических ядерных реакций. Показано, что в атоме, находящемся в сильном магнитном поле, проявляется третье пространственное, осцилляционное квантовое число, которое порождает новые основные состояния в атоме водорода, ионе гелия и других водородоподобных атомах. Между тождественными частицами описано обменное взаимодействие, которое ответственно за дальнодействие сильного и слабого взаимодействий. На примере атома трансгелия рассмотрена возможность спаривания атомных электронов в ортобозон (S = 1ћ). Для тождественных атомных ядер представлены ядерные реакции без кулоновского барьера, происходящие в сильных магнитных полях. Показано как в сильных магнитных полях атомные электроны посредством внутриатомного магнитного резонанса спариваются в ортобозоны с последующим образованием из них конденсата Бозе-Эйнштейна. Атомы с электронным конденсатом называются ТрансАтомами. Электронные конденсаты трансатомов формируют ультрасильные магнитные поля в диапазоне 105–1010 Тл, которые соединяют их в трансмолекулы. Благодаря резонансному интерференционному обменному взаимодействию трансядра в трансмолекулах вступают в низкоэнергетические ядерные реакции: реакции холодного ядерного синтеза и реакции низкоэнергетической трансмутации химических элементов. Продемонстрирован механизм формирования сильных и ультрасильных магнитных полей в ионизированных, газовых и жидких средах в результате движения в них однонаправленных потоков свободных электронов с плотностью ρ > 1021 см-3. Указано на возможность высокотемпературной сверхпроводимости в возбужденных средах.
On the Origin of S-Shaped Current-Voltage Characteristics under Electric-Field Ionization of
Authors:   ИРЭ им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Каган Мирон С. , Папроцкий Станислав К. ,   ИРЭ им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Хвальковский Николай А. ,   ИРЭ им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Хмельницкий Роман А. ,   ФИ им. П.Н. Лебедева РАН, Колодзей Джеймс ,   Университет Делавэра
Published: February 2025

Проведен аналитический расчет и определены условия возникновения S-образной вольтамперной характеристики в полупроводнике, легированном притягивающей примесью, с учетом понижения примесного барьера в электрическом поле за счет эффекта Френкеля-Пула. Приведены экспериментальные данные и дано объяснение отсутствия S-образности на вольтамперных характеристиках сильно компенсированного германия и алмаза, легированного бором.
Structural varieties of graphene-like boron nitride BN-L4-6-8
Authors:   Челябинский государственный университет, Ряшенцев Дмитрий С. , Беленков Максим Е. ,   Челябинский государственный университет, Фирсова Дарья А. ,   Челябинский государственный университет
Published: February 2025

Первопринципным методом теории функционала плотности определены геометрически оптимизированные структуры и электронные свойства новых слоевых полиморфных разновидностей нитрида бора с графеноподобной структурой с неэквивалентным числом структурных позиций. Структуры новых графеноподобных монослоев состоят из атомов бора и азота в трехкоординированном состоянии и были модельно построены из слоя графеноподобного нитрида бора BN-L6 путем введения топологического дефекта 4-6-8. Установлена возможность устойчивого существования шести структурных разновидностей BN-L4-6-8. Значения энергии сублимации новых полиморфных разновидностей находятся в диапазоне от 17.37 эВ/(BN) до 17.78 эВ/(BN). Ширина запрещенной зоны варьируется от 3.16 эВ до 4.03 эВ. Определены зависимости энергетического параметра (энергии сублимации) от структурных параметров (параметра деформации и слоевой плотности).
A Novel Digital Filter for De-noising MRI Images Based on the Integration of NLM, PCA, PSO Techniques, and Universal Self-Matching between Values
Authors:   Университетский колледж Аль-Мамун, Гаффури Али Джасим , Камил Ахмед Талал ,   Иракский университет, Ахмед Анас Фуад ,   Иракский университет
Published: February 2025

Представлен новый цифровой фильтр для магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ), который использует нелокальные методы на основе патчей (NLM) и анализ главных компонент (PCA) для улучшения шумоподавления и сохранения сигнала на изображениях МРТ. Предлагаемый метод повышает надежность за счет использования предварительно подавленного кругового стабильного нелокального среднего фильтра (PCS-NLM) для учета стабильных и круговых участков, а также использования PCA для минимизации размеров и разделения помех. Для дальнейшего улучшения процесса фильтрации применяется технология particle swarm optimization (PSO), которая оптимизирует ключевые параметры, обеспечивая баланс между устранением шума и сохранением важных анатомических структур. Кроме того, предложен эффективный подход к обходу интенсивности вокселей, увеличивающий область поиска идентичных участков, что приводит к улучшенному распознаванию и устранению шума. Количественные результаты показывают, что предлагаемый метод обеспечивает более высокие значения среднего пикового отношения сигнал/шум (PSNR) и среднего индекса структурного сходства (SSIM) по сравнению с другими подходами, что отражает улучшенное качество изображения при сохранении важных деталей. Предлагаемая стратегия значительно сокращает время вычислений, что делает ее возможной для клинических сценариев в режиме реального времени, где важен оперативный анализ с помощью МРТ. Метод также демонстрирует высокую адаптивность к низким и высоким уровням шума (10-90%), что делает его полезным в различных клинических приложениях. В статье используется многоуровневый и многомодельный глубинный оценщик качества МРТ-изображений (MEDQEMRI) для оценки клинической фильтрации. При тестировании на реальных и частных клинических наборах данных представленная методика достигает самых высоких показателей MEDQEMRI, подтверждая свои превосходные результаты в реальных клинических сценариях. В целом, предложенный фильтр демонстрирует значительные улучшения в устранении шумов, сохранении деталей и эффективности вычислений, что делает его мощным инструментом для улучшения МРТ-анализа.
Bragg Light Diffraction by Piezoactive Acoustic Waves in Bismuth Germanate and Bismuth Silicate Crystals
Authors:   Институт ионно-плазменных и лазерных технологий АН Республики Узбекистан, Ахмеджанов Фархад Р. , Элбоева Мохинур И. ,   Институт ионно-плазменных и лазерных технологий АН Республики Узбекистан
Published: February 2025

Исследована анизотропия Брэгговской дифракции света на продольных пьезоактивных акустических волнах в кристаллах германата и силиката висмута с учетом влияния дополнительного (индуцированного) пьезоэлектрооптического вклада в значения эффективной фотоупругой константы и коэффициента акустооптического качества М2. Детально исследована зависимость коэффициента М2 от направления волнового вектора продольных акустических волн в кристаллографической плоскости (110). Выявленные особенности Брэгговской дифракции света на пьезоактивных акустических волнах в кристаллах, обладающих также оптической активностью, будут полезны при разработке акустооптических устройств.
Reception of one-dimensional bandpass signals under conditions of intersymbol interference and interchannel interference
Authors:   Севастопольский государственный университет, Дегтярев Андрей Н. , Афонин Игорь Л. ,   Севастопольский государственный университет, Поляков Александр Л. ,   Севастопольский государственный университет
Published: February 2025

При поэлементном приеме сигналов соседние канальные символы не должны влиять на обработку текущего канального символа. Если канальные символы влияют друг на друга, то имеет место межсимвольная интерференция (МСИ). Кроме того, влияние соседних каналов передачи информации друг на друга приводит к возникновению межканальных помех (МКП). Одновременное снижение МСИ и МКП имеет определенные затруднения, поскольку снижение уровня МСИ приводит к повышению уровня МКП, и наоборот. Это связано с тем, что для уменьшения МСИ обычно ограничивают длительность сигнала, а это в свою очередь приводит к расширению его спектра и, как результат, к увеличению межканальных помех. Степень влияния межсимвольной интерференции и межканальных помех на передачу сигнала оценивают по вероятности ошибки при приеме передаваемого сигнала. В работе представлен разработанный метод приема сигналов, позволяющий одновременно снизить уровни МСИ и МКП.
Digital parametric method for measuring the frequency and phase difference of signals with slowly changing parameters
Authors:   Волгоградский государственный университет, Никитин Андрей В. , Перченко Сергей В. ,   Волгоградский государственный университет
Published: February 2025

Предложен цифровой параметрический метод измерения частоты и разности фаз сигналов с медленно меняющимися параметрами, позволяющий обновлять оценки этих величин на интервале дискретизации. Исследованы статистические характеристики предложенного метода. Показано, что для повышения точности его работы целесообразно вводить коэффициент прореживания отсчетов сигнала. Приведены рекурсивные выражения для реализации метода, требующие минимального количества математических операций, не зависящего от длины скользящего интервала измерения. Приведены результаты обработки модельных сигналов с медленно меняющимися частотой и разностью фаз при наличии амплитудной модуляции и аддитивного шума.
Two methods for obtaining tungsten oxide nanoparticles on the surface of reduced graphene oxide in supercritical isopropanol
Authors:   НПО "ГРАФЕНИКА", Грошкова Юлия А. , Буслаева Елена Ю. ,   Институт общей и неорганической химии им. Н.С. Курнакова РАН, Краевский Сергей В. ,   Научно-клинический центр физико-химической медицины им. акад. Ю.М. Лопухина, Губин Сергей П. ,   Институт общей и неорганической химии им. Н.С. Курнакова РАН
Published: February 2025

Представлены результаты двух синтезов получения композитов наночастиц оксида вольфрама на поверхности чешуек восстановленного оксида графена в сверхкритическом изопропаноле (I метод - многостадийный, II метод - одностадийный). Сверхкритический изопропанол выступает в процессе синтеза не только в качестве восстановителя, но также и в качестве среды для проведения реакции, восстанавливая при этом оксид графена до восстановленного состояния. Полученные наночастицы оксида вольфрама после обработки в сверхкритическом изопропиловом спирте иммобилизируют на поверхность чешуек, сохраняя дисперсность, претерпевая изменения в размерах. Полученные нанокомпозиты исследованы с помощью физико-химических методов анализа: рентгенофазового анализа, просвечивающей электронной микроскопии, атомно-силовой спектроскопии.
Interdigitated structures based on ferroelectric films
Authors:   Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Фрязинский филиал, Афанасьев Михаил С. , Белорусов Дмитрий А. ,   Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Фрязинский филиал, Киселев Дмитрий А. ,   Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Фрязинский филиал, Смирнов Андрей В. ,   Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Чучева Галина В. ,   Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Фрязинский филиал
Published: February 2025

Сегнетоэлектрические пленки состава Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3 синтезированы на кремниевые подложки ВЧ-распылением. На выращенные пленки методами магнетронного напыления и проекционной безмасочной фотолитографии сформированы встречно-штыревые структуры. Проведены высокочастотные измерения зависимостей импеданса сформированных объектов от напряжения. Представлены результаты исследований электрофизических свойств полученных структур.
Hybrid autonomous uninhabited underwater vehicle for underwater lighting in shallow waters
Authors:   Институт проблем морских технологий ДВО РАН, Матвиенко Юрий В. , Кузькин Венедикт М. ,   Институт общей физики им. А.М. Прохорова РАН, Костенко Владимир В. ,   Институт проблем морских технологий ДВО РАН, Переселков Сергей А. ,   Воронежский государственный университет, Хворостов Юрий А. ,   Институт проблем морских технологий ДВО РАН, Грачев Владимир И. ,   Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Ладыкин Николай В. ,   Воронежский государственный университет
Published: February 2025

Изложена конфигурация гибридного автономного необитаемого подводного аппарата, способного скрытно обеспечивать оперативный контроль подводной обстановки в удаленном районе мелководной акватории в течение заданного времени. Аппарат оборудован системами изменения плавучести и остойчивости, позволяющими, наряду с режимом движения работающих движителей, реализовать режим подводного глайдера. На борту аппарата размещены приемная векторно-скалярная антенна для приема и обработки информации в режиме реального времени, системы навигации и связи для передачи данных на пункт управления.
La guerra de la Valtelina entre crónica y literatura. Un estudio de las relaciones de sucesos y las obras literarias españolas e italianas sobre el caso
Authors: Lombardi Greta
Published: February 2025

La guerra de la Valtelina estalla en 1620 entre las Tres Ligas grisonas ―a las que pertenecía el valle― y Francia, por un lado, y el Milanesado español y los Habsburgo por otro. La importancia estratégica del pequeño valle para las comunicaciones entre el Sur y el Norte de Europa y el enfrentamiento entre católicos y protestantes hace que el conflicto encuentre resonancia en las noticias impresas de toda Europa. Las relaciones de sucesos españolas e italianas sobre la guerra constituyen una fuente hasta ahora poco utilizada por los historiadores. El volumen ofrece un catálogo de estos impresos y un estudio de los recursos empleados en la transmisión de la información política. Además, el último capítulo intenta reconstruir las relaciones intertextuales entre la crónica de la guerra de la Valtelina y la literatura de los Siglos de Oro, centrándose en las obras de Francisco de Quevedo y Diego Saavedra Fajardo.
‘STEM education and innovation are essential for national success’
Authors: Head Beverley
Published: February 2025

Beverley Head interviews Australia's Chief Scientist, Professor Ian Chubb AC. This article plots his scientific and academic journey, and reveals his concerns regarding the need to boost Australia's performance in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) in order to transform the national economy.
How 5G will be different
Authors: Corner Stuart
Published: February 2025

Mobile telecommunication services incorrectly branded ‘4G’ are now widely available. By contrast future mobile technology, dubbed 5G, has already received coverage in the mainstream press, but does not yet exist. This article summarises the ‘state of play’ in 5G by reviewing the requirements that are driving its development, the performance targets it is aiming for and the technologies being explored to achieve these. It will also examine the major collaboration initiatives that have been created to progress development towards universally accepted standards. Finally, it looks at what 5G services are expected to offer from the users’ perspective.
The new NBN policy’s Achilles heel
Authors: Gerrand Peter
Published: February 2025

While most critiques of the Coalition Government’s National Broadband Network (NBN) policy have focussed on the wisdom of its Fibre to the Node technology choice, a more fundamental weakness in its NBN election policy promises to make it a financial debacle if not corrected. This paper spells out the many negative consequences of the Government’s policy to remove the NBN Co’s current monopoly in providing fixed broadband access infrastructure: to the federal budget, to the competition framework in telecommunications, to a forced premature sale of NBN Co, and to the affordable rollout of high-speed broadband access across the nation. The Minister of Communications is urged to correct this policy element rapidly, in the national interest.
The FTTdp technology option for the Australian National Broadband Network
Authors: Watkins Craig , Lillingstone-Hall Kelvin
Published: February 2025

Fibre to the Distribution Point (FTTdp) is a broadband access network technology that encompasses fibre to the street lead-in pit at the front fence, with an average copper lead-in length of 30m. FTTdp promises very high VDSL2 capability, with easy upgrading to G.fast or individual FTTP (Fibre to the Premises) on an on-demand basis. The network capability of FTTdp is thus very close to the capability of a full FTTP deployment. Cost savings compared to FTTP promise to be substantial — a possible $12 billion in savings for the Australian National Broadband Network — due to the use of existing copper pair lead-ins, thus avoiding civil engineering works for each individual fibre lead-in. Indeed, there is reason to expect that the initial cost of FTTdp deployment will be comparable to that of FTTN (Fibre to the Node). FTTdp has additional benefits of reduced copper maintenance and limited ongoing upgrade costs compared to FTTN. Significantly deeper fibre network penetration is potentially cost-neutral (or better) with FTTdp when compared to the FTTN baseline due to elimination of time-consuming activities involved with FTTN deployment. The reduced street impact of FTTdp is also important.
The Cloud and data sovereignty after Snowden
Authors: Vaile David
Published: February 2025

The Snowden revelations have renewed interest in questions surrounding jurisdictional issues about where data is kept (location) and who claims the capacity to direct access to it be given by the entity hosting it (control). While early attitudes to the cluster of technologies marketed as The Cloud generally played down this aspect, and unilateral contracts offered by many major providers declined to specify these parameters for the technical provision of a Cloud service, growing appreciation that assurances of security and confidentiality are no barrier to certain forms of access being granted to third parties in other jurisdictions has rekindled interest. This paper explores the technical and legal issues involved from the perspective of an Australian business interested in both customer and government attitudes, and discusses how moves to implement jurisdiction location and control preferences have been characterised as Data Sovereignty and Digital Protectionism by differing interests.