bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors that affect Employees Job Satisfaction and Performance to Increase Customers’ Satisfactions
Authors: Abuhashesh Mohammd , Al-Dmour Rand , Masa’deh Ra’ed
Published: April 2024

In order to help the Jordanian industrial sector to minimize the amount of time and money currently spent on recruiting and training new employees due to the rapid employee turnover rate, this study aims to identify the factors which encourage employees to remain in their jobs for a long-term as opposed to those that create negative sentiments thus, leading employees to quit. The factors under focus are wages, organizational culture, benefits, job satisfaction, stress, training and development, promotion prospects, and job security. The study measures the impact of each factor on employee satisfaction. The research population is the body of employees in Jordan’s industrial sector, with a random sample of industrial employees representing the population. The quantitative method is used to examine the research question. The study found that Jordanian employees care the most about their salaries and position more than any other factors. Therefore, we recommend that Jordanian manufactures consider studying the range of salary for each position, so they do not miss out on talented people or lose a good employee.
REAÇÕES CUTÂNEAS ADVERSAS A MEDICAMENTOS OFTALMOLÓGICOS
Authors: Filardi Maria Fernanda de Oliveira , Souza Izabella Meireles , Dupin Lívia Laender , Vieira Laura Viotti , Melo Ana Beatriz Lara
Published: April 2024

As reações cutâneas adversas a medicamentos oftalmológicos representam um desafio significativo na prática clínica, afetando a adesão ao tratamento e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Essas reações variam de leves irritações a condições graves que exigem intervenção médica imediata. A compreensão dessas reações é crucial para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de prevenção e manejo. Objetivo: A revisão sistemática teve como objetivo investigar a prevalência, os tipos e os fatores de risco associados às reações cutâneas adversas decorrentes do uso de medicamentos oftalmológicos, com o intuito de melhorar as práticas de prescrição e monitoramento. Metodologia: A metodologia seguiu o checklist PRISMA, com pesquisa realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Web of Science, utilizando descritores como “Reações adversas”; “Reações cutâneas”; “Medicamentos oftalmológicos”; “Efeitos adversos cutâneos” e “Reações adversas oftalmológicas”. Foram incluídos artigos publicados nos últimos dez anos que reportavam estudos observacionais e ensaios clínicos. Os critérios de inclusão abrangeram estudos com dados empíricos sobre reações adversas em pacientes de qualquer idade, enquanto estudos não relacionados a medicamentos oftalmológicos, relatórios de caso isolados e artigos sem revisão por pares foram excluídos. Resultados: Foram selecionados 13 estudos. Os resultados revelaram que as reações cutâneas mais comuns estavam associadas a conservantes em colírios, como o benzalcônio. Foi identificado que pacientes com histórico de alergias apresentavam maior risco de desenvolver reações adversas. Além disso, a falta de informação sobre os componentes dos medicamentos contribuía para a incidência de reações. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que as reações cutâneas adversas a medicamentos oftalmológicos são um problema relevante, com impacto direto na segurança do paciente. A revisão enfatizou a necessidade de maior conscientização sobre os ingredientes ativos e conservantes presentes nos medicamentos oftalmológicos e a importância de estratégias de educação para profissionais de saúde e pacientes.
O IMPACTO DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NO DIREITO: QUESTÕES ÉTICAS E LEGAIS
Authors: Queiroz Gabriel Noll , Disconzi Verônica Silva do Prado
Published: April 2024

A inteligência artificial (IA) refere-se à capacidade de um sistema de computador ou máquina de realizar tarefas que normalmente requerem inteligência humana. Isso inclui a capacidade de aprender, raciocinar, resolver problemas, compreender linguagens naturais, reconhecer padrões e tomar decisões. Por conta do seu avanço, ela tem sido empregada em várias áreas, dentre os quais, no Direito. Diante disso, esse estudo teve o objetivo de discutir o impacto da inteligência artificial na área jurídica nacional. No campo metodológico, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica, com fundamento em artigos científicos, livros, periódicos, jurisprudência e na legislação atual sobre o respectivo tema. A coleta de dados foi feita por meio de banco de dados tais como Scielo, Google Acadêmico, dentre outros, no período de 2018 a 2023. Nos resultados, evidenciou-se que a IA é usada para automatizar a revisão e análise de documentos legais, como contratos, acordos e petições. Isso economiza tempo e reduz erros humanos. Além disso, algoritmos de aprendizado de máquina são usados para prever resultados legais com base em casos anteriores e jurisprudência. Isso pode ajudar advogados a tomar decisões estratégicas. A integração da IA no campo do Direito pode melhorar a eficiência, reduzir custos e fornecer insights valiosos. No entanto, também levanta questões éticas e legais, como a responsabilidade por decisões tomadas por sistemas de IA e anecessidade de proteger a privacidade dos dados envolvidos. Portanto, o uso responsável e ético da IA no campo do Direito é uma consideração importante à medida que essa tecnologia continua a evoluir.
APARELHO JONES JIG MODIFICADO PARA DISTALIZAÇÃO DE MOLAR INFERIOR: RELATO DE CASO CLÍNICO
Authors: Fernandes Naftali de Queiroz
Published: April 2024

A distalização de molares inferiores é muito eficaz no ganho de espaço para correção de apinhamento e da classe dentária em tratamentos compensatórios. O aparelho Jones Jig foi desenvolvido para distalização de molares superiores, é intrabucal e possui como principal desvantagem a falta de controle rotacional do dente distalizado. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso clínico em que o aparelho Jones Jig foi modificado para uso na arcada inferior a fim de distalizar um molar. A associação deste com um dispositivo de ancoragem temporária (DAT) aumenta o controle tridimensional do dente, descartando qualquer inclinação indesejada. A modificação do aparelho Jones Jig para a distalização de molar inferior associado ao DAT foi completamente eficaz e sem efeito colateral algum. Vale ressaltar que mais estudos são indicados para maior embasamento e segurança dessa prática.
Analysis of an intense O3 pollution episode on the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula using photochemical modeling: characterization of transport pathways and accumulation processes
Authors: Torre-Pascual Eduardo , Gangoiti Gotzon , Rodríguez-García Ana , Sáez de Cámara Estibaliz , Ferreira Joana , Gama Carla , Gómez María Carmen , Zuazo Iñaki , García Jose Antonio , de Blas Maite
Published: April 2024

Abstract. A tropospheric O3 pollution episode over the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula during 2–6 August 2018 has been analyzed. The episode was characterized by a permanent wind shear throughout the entire period, making the observed ozone surface distribution especially difficult to explain. A new methodology is described to analyze upper-level atmospheric parameters, such as temperature, wind direction, wind speed, and O3 concentrations, added to the traditional use of surface parameters, using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) and Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions (CAMx) models as well as available surface and upper-air observations. Results indicate that the episode was characterized by a first phase of a sudden increase in O3 concentrations produced by fumigation and inter-regional transport processes within the Iberian Peninsula, followed by continental O3 transport from Europe to the Atlantic coast. An Atlantic front produced the dissipation of the episode, generating an “ozone front” accompanying the cold front passage across the region.
Modeling the drivers of fine PM pollution over Central Europe: impacts and contributions of emissions from different sources
Authors: Bartík Lukáš , Huszár Peter , Karlický Jan , Vlček Ondřej , Eben Kryštof
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is among the air pollutants representing the most critical threat to human health in Europe. For designing strategies to mitigate this kind of air pollution, it is essential to identify and quantify the sources of its components. Here, we utilized the regional chemistry transport model CAMx (Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions) to investigate the relationships between emissions from different categories and the concentrations of PM2.5 and its secondary components over Central Europe during the period 2018–2019, both in terms of the contributions of emission categories calculated by the particle source apportionment technology (PSAT) and the impacts of the complete removal of emissions from individual categories (i.e., the zero-out method). During the winter seasons, emissions from other stationary combustion (including residential combustion) were the main contributor to the domain-wide average PM2.5 concentration (3.2 µg m−3), and their removal also had the most considerable impact on it (3.4 µg m−3). During the summer seasons, the domain-wide average PM2.5 concentration was contributed the most by biogenic emissions (0.57 µg m−3), while removing emissions from agriculture–livestock had the most substantial impact on it (0.46 µg m−3). The most notable differences between the contributions and impacts for PM2.5 were associated with emissions from agriculture–livestock, mainly due to the differences in nitrate concentrations, which reached up to 4.5 and 1.25 µg m−3 in the winter and summer seasons, respectively. We also performed a sensitivity test of the mentioned impacts on PM2.5 on two different modules for secondary organic aerosol formation (SOAP and VBS), which showed the most considerable differences for emissions from other stationary combustion (in winter) and road transport (in summer).
Testing Ion Exchange Resin for quantifying bulk and throughfall deposition of macro and micro-elements on forests
Authors: Vos Marleen A. E. , de Vries Wim , Veen G. F. Ciska , Hoosbeek Marcel , Sterck Frank J.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Atmospheric deposition is a major nutrient influx in ecosystems and high anthropogenic deposition may disrupt ecosystem functioning. Quantification of the deposition flux is required to understand the impact of such anthropogenic pollution. However, current methods to measure nutrient deposition are costly, labor intensive and potentially inaccurate. Ion Exchange Resin (IER) appears a promising cost-and labor-effective method. The IER-method is potentially suited for deposition measurements on coarse time scales and for areas with little rainfall and/or low elemental concentrations. The accuracy of the IER-method is, however, hardly classified beyond nitrogen. We tested the IER-method for bulk deposition and throughfall measurements of macro and micro-elements, assessing resin adsorption capacity, recovery efficiency, and field behavior. We show that IER is able to adsorb 100 % of Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, S, Zn and NO3 and >96 % of P and Na. Loading the resin beyond the capacity resulted mainly in losses of Na, P, NH4 while losses of Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn and Zn were hardly detected. Heat (40 °C), drought and frost (-15 °C) reduced the adsorption of P by 25 %. Recovery was close to 100 % for NH4 and NO3 using KCl (1 or 2M) while high (83–93 %) recoveries of Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn and S were found using HCl as an extractant (2–4M). We found good agreement between the conventional and the IER-method for field conditions. Overall, IER is a powerful tool for the measurement of atmospheric deposition of a broad range of elements as the measurements showed high accuracy. The IER-method has therefore the potential to expand current monitoring networks and increase the number of sampling sites.
A sub-fossil coral Sr/Ca record documents meridional variability of the Intertropical Convergence Zone in the eastern Indian Ocean
Authors: Pfeiffer Miriam , Takayanagi Hideko , Reuning Lars , Watanabe Takaaki Konabe , Ito Saori , Garbe-Schönberg Dieter , Watanabe Tsuyoshi , Wu Chung-Che , Shen Chuan-Chou , Zinke Jens , Brummer Geert-Jan , Cahyarini Sri Yudawati
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Sea surface temperature (SST) variability in the south-eastern tropical Indian Ocean is crucial for rainfall variability in Indian Ocean rim countries. A large body of literature has focused on zonal variability associated with the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), but it is unclear whether meridional shifts in the position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), which at present co-vary with the IOD, may also occur independently. We have developed a new, monthly resolved Sr/Ca record from a sub-fossil coral cored at Enggano Island (Indonesia, 5° S, 102° E). Core sections containing diagenetic phases are omitted from the SST reconstruction. U/Th dating shows that the Sr/Ca-based SST record extends from 1917–1868 and from 1861–1823 with a relative age uncertainty of ±2.4 years (2σ). At Enggano Island, coastal upwelling and cooling in austral spring is coupled to the position of the ITCZ, and impacts SST seasonality. The sub-fossil coral indicates an increase in SST seasonality due to enhanced austral spring cooling between 1917 and 1855, which we attribute to stronger SE winds and a northward shift in the position of the ITCZ in austral spring. A nearby sediment core indicates SST cooling and a shallowing of the thermocline prior to ~1930. These results are consistent with an increase in the North-South SST gradient in the eastern Indian Ocean calculated from historical temperature data, that is not seen in the zonal SST gradient. We conclude that the relationship between meridional and zonal variability in the eastern Indian Ocean is non-stationary and influenced by long-term temperature trends.
Synchrony of African rainforest solar induced chlorophyll fluorescence and environmental factors
Authors: Doughty Russell , Wimberly Michael C. , Wanyama Dan , Peiro Helene , Parazoo Nicholas , Crowell Sean , Cho Moses Azong
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Global atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations are largely driven by terrestrial photosynthesis, of which tropical forests account for one third. Relative to other tropical regions, less is known about the seasonality of African tropical forest productivity and its synchrony with environmental factors due to a lack of in situ carbon flux data. To help fill this knowledge gap, we use spaceborne solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF), vegetation indices, and climate data to investigate the seasonality and synchrony of photosynthesis in Africa’s tropical forest ecoregions. We find West African SIF to increase during the dry season and peak prior to precipitation, as has been observed in the Amazon. In Central Africa, we find a continental-scale bimodal seasonality in SIF, the minimum of which is synchronous with precipitation, but its maximum is likely less related to environmental drivers.
Measurement report: Formation of tropospheric brown carbon in a lifting air mass
Authors: Wu Can , Liu Xiaodi , Zhang Ke , Zhang Si , Cao Cong , Li Jianjun , Li Rui , Zhang Fan , Wang Gehui
Published: April 2024

Abstract. An enhanced formation of brown carbon (BrC) with a non-negligible warming effect at the tropopause has recently been found. However, its formation mechanism is unclear. Here we report a BrC formation process that happens during air mass upward transport by conducting simultaneously a 4-hour time resolution of measurement on atmospheric BrC at the mountain foot (MF, 400 m a.s.l.) and mountainside (MS, 1120 m a.s.l.) of Mt. Hua, China in 2016 summer. Our results showed that the daytime light-absorption (Abs365nm) of BrC at MS is approximately 60 % lower than that at MF due to a dilution effect caused by the planetary boundary layer expansion, but the daytime light-absorption of BrC relative to black carbon at MS is about 30 % higher than that at MF, suggesting a significant formation of secondary BrC in the lifting process of air mass from MF to MS. Such a secondary formation accounted for >50 % of BrC at MS but only 27 % of BrC at MF. Moreover, N:C elemental ratio of the daytime BrC was 15 % higher at MS than that at MF, mainly due to an aerosol aqueous phase formation of water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) compounds. Stable nitrogen isotope composition further indicated that such light-absorbing WSON compounds were produced from the aerosol aqueous-phase reaction of carbonyls with NH4+. Our work for the first time revealed that ammonia -induced aerosol aqueous reactions can significantly promote BrC formation during the air mass lifting process, which is probably responsible for an enhanced light absorption of BrC in the upper troposphere.
High temporal resolution records of the velocity of Hansbreen, a tidewater glacier in Svalbard
Authors: Błaszczyk Małgorzata , Luks Bartłomiej , Pętlicki Michał , Puczko Dariusz , Ignatiuk Dariusz , Laska Michał , Jania Jacek , Głowacki Piotr
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Monitoring changes in glacial dynamics is essential for understanding the environmental response to accelerated climate warming in the Arctic. However, geodetic surveys in polar regions continue to present considerable challenges because of the harsh environmental conditions and the polar night. This study records a 14-year-long time series (2006–2019) of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) surveys of the positions of 16 ablation stakes distributed across Hansbreen, a tidewater glacier in southern Svalbard. The measurements were conducted with an exceptionally high temporal resolution, from about 1 week to about 1 month, and covering altitudes ranging from 20 to 490 m a.s.l. The position of one stake was surveyed every day. The primary data products consist of the stake coordinates and velocities. Time series of annual and seasonal velocities are also provided. This dataset may be a subject of further studies of glacier dynamics in relation to the long-term and seasonal impact of climate change on ice flow in the region. It also offers unique material for tuning numerical models of glacier dynamics and for validating satellite-derived products such as velocity and digital elevation models. The dataset described here has been made publicly available through the Zenodo repository: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8289380 (Błaszczyk et al., 2023).
Morphological characteristics and conditions of drainage basins contributing to the formation of debris flow fans: an examination of regions with different rock strength using decision tree analysis
Authors: Koshimizu Ken'ichi , Ishimaru Satoshi , Imaizumi Fumitoshi , Kawakami Gentaro
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Debris flows cause severe disasters that can result in human casualties and the collapse of houses. The establishment of early warning systems in basins with high debris flow risks is needed to reduce the negative impacts of debris flow disasters. Because debris flows often form debris flow fans near the mouths of valleys, debris flow fans are regarded as important topographical elements that indicate the occurrence of debris flows. The presence or absence of a debris flow fan makes it possible to clarify the morphological conditions of the contributing area that has generated debris flows. These morphological conditions may depend on rock strength, which controls the weathering activity and grain size of sediments. In this study, we investigated the morphological conditions of a drainage basin that contribute to the formation of debris flow fans using decision tree analysis. The analysis was conducted at two sites with clear differences in rock strength due to geological processes: Neogene sedimentary rock and Paleogene accretionary complex sites. As a result of decision tree analysis using data sets containing a total of 158 basins, the thresholds of morphological parameters needed for forming debris flow fans differed depending on the geological features. When the relief ratio was less than 0.29 at the Paleogene accretionary complex site, coarse-grained sediments were less likely to pass out of the valley, resulting in the absence of debris flow fans. On the other hand, at Neogene sedimentary rock sites, short basins were determined to form debris flow fans, even if the relief ratio was less than 0.36, because the sediments were fine-grained and tended to flow downstream. In contrast, morphological factors that influence the presence or absence of debris flow fans were common at both sites. The first, second, and third most important morphological factors were the relief ratio, most frequent slope gradient, and basin length, respectively. Therefore, these morphological factors are considered important in evaluating debris flow risks. This study demonstrates that the decision tree analysis is an effective tool for determining the hierarchy and threshold of morphological factors that classify the presence or absence of debris flows that reach valley mouths.
Resemblance of the global depth distribution of internal-tide generation and cold-water coral occurrences
Authors: van der Kaaden Anna-Selma , van Oevelen Dick , Mohn Christian , Soetaert Karline , Rietkerk Max , van de Koppel Johan , Gerkema Theo
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Internal tides are known to be an important source of mixing in the oceans, especially in the bottom boundary layer. The depth of internal-tide generation therefore seems important for benthic life and the formation of cold-water coral mounds, but internal-tide conversion is generally investigated in a depth-integrated sense. Using both idealized and realistic simulations on continental slopes, we found that the depth of internal-tide generation increases with increasing slope steepness and decreases with intensified shallow stratification. The depth of internal-tide generation also shows a typical latitudinal dependency related to Coriolis effects. Using a global database of cold-water corals, we found that, especially in Northern Hemisphere autumn and winter, the global depth pattern of internal-tide generation correlates (rautumn = 0.70, rwinter = 0.65, p < 0.01) with that of cold-water corals: shallowest near the poles and deepest around the Equator, with a decrease in depth around 25° S and N, and shallower north of the Equator than south. We further found that cold-water corals are situated significantly more often on topography that is steeper than the internal-tide beam (i.e. where supercritical reflection of internal tides occurs) than would be expected from a random distribution: in our study, in 66.9 % of all cases, cold-water corals occurred on a topography that is supercritical to the M2 tide whereas globally only 9.4 % of all topography is supercritical. Our findings underline internal-tide generation and the occurrence of supercritical reflection of internal tides as globally important for cold-water coral growth. The energetic dynamics associated with internal-tide generation and the supercritical reflection of internal tides likely increase the food supply towards the reefs in food-limited winter months. With climate change, stratification is expected to increase. Based on our results, this would decrease the depth of internal-tide generation, possibly creating new suitable habitat for cold-water corals shallower on continental slopes.
Modelling present and future rock wall permafrost distribution in the Sisimiut mountain area, West Greenland
Authors: Marcer Marco , Duvillard Pierre-Allain , Tomaškovičová Soňa , Nielsen Steffen Ringsø , Revil André , Ingeman-Nielsen Thomas
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Degrading rock wall permafrost was found responsible for the increase in rockfall and landslide activity in several cold mountain regions across the globe. In Greenland, rock wall permafrost has so far received little attention from the scientific community, despite mountains being a predominant feature on the ice-free coastline and landslide activity being significant. In this study, we aim to make a first step towards a better understanding of rock wall permafrost in Greenland by modelling rock wall temperatures in the mountain area around the town of Sisimiut, which is 68° N on the west coast of Greenland. We first acquire rock surface temperature (RST) data for the period September 2020–September 2022 to model rock surface temperatures from weather forcing. The model is then applied to weather data from 1870 to 2022, generating rock surface temperatures to force transient heat transfer simulations over the same period. By extrapolating this method at the landscape scale, we obtain permafrost distribution maps and ad hoc simulations for complex topographies. Our model results are compared to temperature data from two lowland boreholes (100 m depth) and geophysical data describing frozen and unfrozen conditions across a mid-elevation mountain ridge. Finally, we use regional carbon pathway scenarios 2.6 and 8.5 to evaluate future evolution of rock wall temperatures until the end of the 21st century. Our data and simulation describe discontinuous permafrost distribution in rock walls up to roughly 400 m a.s.l. Future scenarios suggest a decline of deep frozen bodies up to 800 m a.s.l., i.e. the highest summits in the area. In summary, this study depicts a picture of warm permafrost in this area, highlighting its sensitivity to ongoing climate change.
Comparison of Attitudes Towards Sports, Physical Activity Levels and Sleep Quality of University Students in Different Departments After the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Onur Eda , Çağlar Engin , Özdemir Ayşem Ecem , Kaya Sağlam Öznur , Kethüdaoğlu Mustafa Oğuz , Kaçar Zeynep
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Aim of this study is to compare attitudes towards sports, physical activity levels and sleep quality of students of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department and Coaching Department.

Material and Methods: 25 Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation and 25 Coaching students participated in our study. Demographic information of participants was recorded in form prepared by researchers. Attitudes towards sports were evaluated with “Spora Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği” (Attitude Towards Sports Scale) developed by Şentürk (2015), physical activity levels were evaluated with International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and sleep quality was evaluated with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. SPSS 24.0 program was used for statistical analysis and significance value was accepted as p
Optimal biodiversity survey: Where to survey biodiversity in terrestrial Antarctica
Authors:   , Zhao Xiang
Published: April 2024

To effectively conserve Antarctica's unique biodiversity and habitats, high-quality, comprehensive data is crucial. However, such data are often incomplete and biased. My thesis presents the first continent-wide assessment of the spatial biases in the region, revealing complex factors influencing survey locations beyond mere proximity to research stations. I also introduce a pioneering approach to optimising future surveys amid limited resources, proposing designs that balance cost, coverage, and existing biases. This work highlights the importance of strategic survey planning in Antarctica and offers a model for improving the collection of biogeographical data.
Nexus among Exchange Rate Volatility, Inflation, and Economic Growth: A Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Din Soliaman , Din Haroon , Khan Imran , Naheed Sobia
Published: April 2024

This study undertakes an examination of the intricate relationships among exchange rate fluctuations, inflation, and economic growth within South Asian nations, namely Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Nepal. Spanning the temporal horizon from 1990 to 2021, the research endeavors to unveil the repercussions of exchange rate instability on economic growth—a formidable challenge confronted by monetary authorities and policymakers in South Asia. The central focus lies on comprehending the dynamics of exchange rate volatility, inflationary pressures, and their collective impact on economic growth. In the pursuit of these objectives, GDP per capita serves as the yardstick for economic growth, while independent variables encompass a spectrum including broad money supply, exchange rate volatility, inflation, government consumption expenditures, and gross fixed capital formation. The quantification of exchange rate volatility entails the utilization of both the standard deviation and the GARCH (1,1) models. Subsequent to an in-depth analysis, the initial unit test results undergo reevaluation, incorporating the Breusch-Pagan LM, Pesaran CD, and Pesaran scaled LM tests to discern cross-sectional dependence. To address potential data non-stationarity while considering cross-sectional dependence, the Pesaran-CIPS and Pesaran's CADF tests are applied. A pivotal aspect of the research involves the application of a Feasibly Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) regression model. The outcomes of the FGLS panel data regression illuminate a noteworthy finding: exchange rate volatility, quantified through both techniques, significantly and adversely influences economic growth. In contrast, inflation exhibits a statistically insignificant negative impact on economic growth. The study culminates by proffering specific recommendations to policymakers, urging concerted efforts to ensure exchange rate stability and foster sustained economic growth.
Presence of Debt Overhung Effect in Pakistan: Empirical Evidence with ARDL Model
Authors: Baig Danish , Qamri Ghulam Muhammad , Hassan Adil , Khan Qasim Raza , Akbar Aqsa
Published: April 2024

Many developing nations, including Pakistan, have struggled with the challenge of maintaining debt sustainability due to insufficient revenue generation to meet economic crises. The primary aim of this study is to find how external debt, debt servicing, and exports influence the economic growth of Pakistan, utilizing data from 2000 to 2020. Augmented Dickey-Fuller test (ADF) is applied to evade spurious regression, revealing that debt servicing is stationary at level. In contrast, GDP, external debt, and exports are stationary at their first difference. For this reason, the ARDL model has been used to find the long-run and short-run interdependence among external debt, debt servicing, exports, and GDP. The empirical findings of this study revealed a negative and significant impact of external debt on Gross Domestic Product (GDP), supported by the “Debt Overhung Effect”. Conversely, debt servicing has a positive but statistically insignificant impact on GDP. Exports have a positive and significant impact on GDP growth. Moreover, to confirm the long-term stability of our model Cumulative Sum of Recursive Residual (CUSUM) and CUSUM of square have been used. This research contributes novel insights to the work conducted by other researchers, shedding light on the intricate relationship among external debt, debt servicing, exports, and GDP growth of Pakistan. Additionally, by estimating the effect of exports on GDP, valuable insights into the country's debt repayment capacity are provided. Export earnings constitute a primary source of foreign currency inflow.
The Role of Stakeholder Collaboration in Civic Wealth Creation in Pakistan: A Social Entrepreneurial Perspective
Authors: Raza Mahum , Abbas Javaria , Abbasi Muhammad Nauman
Published: April 2024

The contemporary global landscape is marked by unprecedented challenges, necessitating sustained endeavors toward fostering a sustainable future. In response, a plethora of conceptual frameworks have emerged, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals delineated in 2015. Among these emergent frameworks, civic wealth creation has garnered attention for its perceived efficacy in addressing multifaceted social, economic, and communal challenges, thereby fostering enhanced community well-being. Central to the civic wealth creation paradigm is the recognition of stakeholder collaboration as indispensable for the effective resolution of collective issues. This framework underscores the imperative of concerted collaboration among diverse stakeholders, including enterprises, regimes of support, and beneficiaries, in the pursuit of generating civic wealth. Social enterprises, positioned as hybrid organizations adept at navigating the nexus between economic and social imperatives, assume a pivotal role in facilitating stakeholder collaboration and engendering civic wealth. Against this backdrop, this study delves into the mechanisms through which social enterprises in Pakistan collaborate with diverse stakeholders to engender civic wealth, thereby contributing to the scholarly discourse on sustainable development and socio-economic transformation.
A Review of Green Innovation and Environmental Performance in BRICS Nations
Authors: Zubair Saeed , Rahman Saif Ur , Sheikh Salman Masood , Zafar Mehwish
Published: April 2024

This research aims to assess the literature on green innovations towards environmental performance within the framework of the BRICS economies. Innovation is now associated with both sustainable development on the environment and long-term economic success. The influence of technical advancements or inventions with an environmental focus on the quality of the environment is crucial in this regard. The literature and empirical data on the topic are reviewed and summarized in this work. First an overview of Green Innovations and Environmental performance in BRICS countries is given. Second, using concepts and theoretical stances from the published literature, the articles will be indexed. Along with explaining how and why these processes work, this article also discusses their theoretical foundations. Third, three product categories are suggested for more investigation in this paper. Through a critical analysis and synthesis of existing theory and research on green innovation and the environment, this study makes a contribution to the field of innovations and the environment.
Exploring The Challenges of Noisy Areas Faced by Teachers in Teaching and Learning in Urban Schools
Authors: Pervaiz Atiya , Lashari Ajab Ali , Khan Asmara , Bushra Amna
Published: April 2024

This research study aimed to explore the challenges encountered by teachers teaching in urban areas and noisy surroundings, leading to several issues in achieving required learning outcomes. For this purpose, the qualitative research approach of phenomenological research was used, and data was collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews. The population of this research study was primary school teachers of Mominabad, Karachi. Using purposive sampling techniques, N=10 teachers from n=3 schools were selected. Data was collected by using semi-structured interviews. The study results show that unusual noise distractions impact students' learning and distraction concentration, which affects cognitive development and hinders effective communication between teachers and students, leading to anxiety and waste of time and energy. Furthermore, it has been found that children exposed to continuous disruptive noise can experience poor reading ability, memory and academic performance, which may lead to failure in the educational process. It is recommended that there is a need for strategies to mitigate noise effects, such as considering infrastructure, implementing soundproofing measures, utilising technology to enhance communication, and providing training and support for teachers to manage the challenges posed by noise pollution.
Unveiling the Phenomenology of Professional and Domestic Stressors for Private School Teachers of Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Puri Ayesha Mubeen , Aziz Fakhara , Shabbir Aqsa , Iqbal Naveed , Muazzam Amina
Published: April 2024

The present research is a qualitative exploration of teacher stress faced by private school teachers in Lahore, Pakistan. We identified the professional and domestic stressors of teachers working in private schools in Lahore, Pakistan using thematic analysis. Digging into the forms of stress, three focus group interviews were conducted on three different school premises. Each focus group has eight participants, private school teachers having age ranges between 25 and 45 years, with inclusion criteria of being married and having at least three years of teaching experience in private sector. Professional and domestic themes such as workload, psychological challenges, consequences, and familial and personal factors were generated. Results confirmed some themes in previous research, such as administrative tasks, Coping strategies, classroom management, parenting issues, physical health, and emotional well-being. However, this research holds an exclusive aspect in exploring new themes such as meeting unrealistic deadlines, emotional labor, uncomfortable workstations, and unsupportive families. Implications were discussed.
CONTEXTUALIZANDO O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS PELA AGROECOLOGIA
Authors: Pinton de Camargo Renan , Luiz da Ponte Maxwell , Maria Piranha Joseli
Published: April 2024

Os avanços em ciência e tecnologia conduziram a agricultura ao desenvolvimento de modelos altamente produtivos. Não obstante, o atual sistema agrícola tem degradado de forma severa os recursos naturais e a biodiversidade. Atentos a tais fatos, pesquisadores propuseram um novo arcabouço teórico e prático para a agricultura, isto é, a Agroecologia. Em paralelo, o ensino de ciências no ensino fundamental pretende-se atento e contextualizado às questões de sustentabilidade. Assim, o presente trabalho aponta caminhos para que o ensino do componente Ciências, do Currículo Paulista, integre contributos da Agroecologia em face à nova estrutura da Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Deseja-se que os resultados aqui apresentados auxiliem os profissionais de ensino no desenvolvimento de seus recursos didáticos que tenham por foco a compreensão do sistema agrícola e suas implicações na proteção dos recursos naturais e da biodiversidade.
AVALIAÇÃO DA ROTULAGEM DE CACHAÇAS COMERCIALIZADAS EM ITUIUTABA-MG
Authors: Amaro Vieira Vanessa , Alves de Freitas Karlla Cristina , Silva Alves Carla Maria , Silva Martins Gustavo Henrique , Dos Santos Júnior Antônio
Published: April 2024

A cachaça é uma bebida tipicamente brasileira e caracteriza-se por ser fermento destilada. A rotulagem é o processo que estabelece informações indispensáveis sobre o produto, sendo uma comunicação entre os fabricantes da bebida e os consumidores. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a adequação da rotulagem de cachaças comercializadas na cidade de Ituiutaba-MG. O trabalho foi realizado no período de setembro de 2019. Avaliou-se o cumprimento das determinações estabelecidas pela legislação brasileira quanto à rotulagem de 12 marcas de cachaça, adquiridas em estabelecimentos comerciais. A análise do rótulo revelou que metade das marcas estava em desacordo com a legislação vigente. Uma amostra não apresentava: o número do registro do produto no MAPA, a listagem de ingredientes, a graduação alcoólica e não especificou a identificação de cachaça adoçada. Quatro não apresentaram o número específico do lote. Todas as marcas constavam identificação de validade das cachaças. A falta de informação nos rótulos das bebidas pode contribuir para a rejeição pelo consumidor. Pode-se inferir que há necessidade de conciliar as descrições presentes nos rótulos com as informações obrigatórias exigidas pelas normas vigentes, com o intuito de melhorar o esclarecimento ao consumidor e o controle por meio do rastreamento.
SUSTENTABILIDADE AMBIENTAL NOS SISTEMAS DE PRODUÇÃO AGRÍCOLAS
Authors: Borges Fernanda de Freitas
Published: April 2024

Com a necessidade de aumentar a produtividade dos alimentos e de bens de consumo e ao mesmo tempo conservar os recursos naturais é necessário aliar conceitos e técnicas à agricultura que contemplam as dimensões da sustentabilidade. Neste sentido, alinhar os indicadores de sustentabilidade da produção pode ser uma forma de suprir a demanda de mercado e da sociedade e ao mesmo tempo conservar o meio ambiente para as futuras gerações. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver indicadores ambientais de sustentabilidade que podem ser utilizados para avaliar os sistemas agrícolas de produção. Eles refletem o uso dos recursos naturais (solo, água e insumos), emissão de resíduos (gases, resíduos sólidos e qualidade da água) e impactos causados no ambiente (habitats, biodiversidade e espécies exóticas). O uso dos indicadores é uma forma simples e rápida de avaliar a sustentabilidade de um sistema de produção agrícola. A análise pode ser feita de forma online pelo preenchimento de um questionário fechado pelo produtor. Pode ser utilizado em estudos de caso de diversas regiões do país com diversas características pois possui uma abrangência em universal.
ESTÍMULO À PRODUÇÃO E CONSUMO SUSTENTÁVEIS POR MEIO DE TECNOLOGIA
Authors: De Oliveira Giovanni Alexander , Parras Rafael , De Freitas Borges Fernanda
Published: April 2024

Com o atual modelo econômico e a forma com que se produz e consome os alimentos e os bens de consumo ocorre grande impacto ambiental. Com isso é necessário se desenvolver tecnologias que possibilitem o incentivo a formas sustentáveis de produção e a consciência na utilização dos produtos. Para tentar minimizar os danos ambientais e sociais a Organização das Nações Unidas criou os objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável os quais preconizam a segurança alimentar através da agricultura sustentável. O objetivo do trabalho é estimular a produção e o consumo sustentáveis com a criação de um aplicativo para conectar pessoas e, assim, colaborar para o desenvolvimento sustentável na cidade de Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil. Alguns dos objetivos propostos no documento podem ser alcançados com a criação do aplicativo, como a promoção da agricultura e do crescimento econômico sustentável, o consumo e a produção responsável e a proteção dos ecossistemas. O aplicativo, denominado Ybyraá, é composto por seções e a sessão Mercado Amigo diz respeito ao comércio dos produtos alimentícios e de bens de consumo sustentáveis. Cada parceiro, após seleção, receberá um selo na cor azul atestando produzir de forma sustentável. Concluiu-se que a criação do aplicativo pode contribuir para o meio ambiente e a sociedade e por meio desta tecnologia é possível atingir alguns dos objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável, colaborar com a economia local e a responsabilidade ambiental e ainda implementar parcerias duradouras importantes para as pessoas e o planeta.
DESCARTE DE MEDICAMENTOS VENCIDOS E EM DESUSO, ATRAVÉS DA LOGÍSTICA REVERSA DE MEDICAMENTOS: CASO DE MATÃO-SP
Authors: Sousa Ana Carolina Maria , Bataghin Fernando Antonio
Published: April 2024

O Brasil avançou na legislação de Logística Reversa de Medicamentos (LRM) com o Decreto Federal nº10.388/2020 que estabeleceu normas que asseguram isonomia na fiscalização e cumprimento das obrigações imputadas aos fabricantes, importadores, distribuidores e comerciantes de produtos à obrigatoriedade à logística reversa, com destino correto aos resíduos de medicamentos vencidos e em desuso e embalagens. Entretanto, a situação de descarte desses resíduos de medicamentos ainda é precária. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o tipo de prática de descarte adotada pela população residente na cidade de Matão-SP e investigar o nível de conhecimento sobre locais adequados para descarte desses resíduos e seus respectivos impactos ambientais. Foram entrevistadas 103 pessoas através de um questionário online. Os resultados observados indicaram que 94% dos entrevistados possuem uma “farmacinha caseira” em casa e quando o medicamento tem a validade expirada, 62% descartam em lixo domiciliar comum e 16% descarta em casa na pia/vaso sanitário. O conhecimento de locais adequados para descartes desses resíduos e impactos no meio ambiente visando o conceito de saúde única, é importante para a efetivação da LRM, entretanto nesse estudo conclui-se que há falta de informação nessas pessoas acerca do tema. A situação desse tipo de resíduo necessita de atenção pois, em sua maioria são descartados em lixo domiciliar comum ou em vasos sanitários.
DETERMINAÇÃO DE VOC’s DURANTE PROCESSO FERMENTATIVO CERVEJEIRO POR HS-GC-FID
Authors: Gomes Winston Pinheiro Claro , Nascimento Daniela Defavari do , Bortoleto Gisele Gonçalves
Published: April 2024

A cerveja é uma bebida oriunda da fermentação alcoólica e, devido ao metabolismo da levedura e os componentes presentes no mosto, além da produção do etanol, ocorre também a produção de compostos orgânicos voláteis (VOC) que compõem características organolépticas únicas para cada tipo de cerveja produzida. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar o acompanhamento do processo fermentativo durante produção de uma cerveja do estilo Witbier, determinando alguns VOC´s por meio da cromatografia gasosa com amostragem por headspace. Durante as 456 horas de acompanhamento da fermentação, foi possível observar o perfil de formação dos álcoois superiores e do comportamento do acetaldeído e acetato de etila. Ao final do processo, constatou-se que as concentrações dos álcoois isobutanol e isoamílico estavam acima dos teores indicados pela literatura, enquanto que as concentrações do acetaldeído, acetato de etila e n-propanol se encontraram na faixa esperada.
ESTUDO DE VIABILIDADE PARA UTILIZAÇÃO DO MÉTODO CONSTRUTIVO INSULATED CONCRETE FORMS (ICF), PARA EXECUÇÃO DE UMA EDIFICAÇÃO NA REGIÃO NOROESTE DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL ATRAVÉS DO SISTEMA CONSTRUTIVO DE PAREDES AUTOPORTANTES EM CONCRETO ARMADO
Authors: Victor Pereira Pavan João , Cristina Henke Priscila
Published: April 2024

Buscando ampliar o conhecimento acerca de sistemas e métodos construtivos mais eficazes, prezando pela sustentabilidade, oferecendo benefícios como produtividade, economia financeira e redução de resíduos provenientes da construção, mas principalmente, conforto térmico e acústico, identificou-se no mercado a metodologia construtiva Insulated Concrete Forms (ICF), empregada pela empresa ARXX Brasil. Esta metodologia, originalmente americana, é adotada no sistema construtivos de paredes em concreto, que por sua vez, permite a execução de edificações autoportantes, proporcionando altos índices de conformo térmico e acústico. As fôrmas utilizadas na execução das paredes são fabricadas em EPS (Poliestireno Expandido), tendo suas faces fixadas por meio de componentes denominados “fingers”, os quais são considerados no cálculo estrutural da parede. As paredes são facilmente montadas, como peças de lego, as quais se encaixam umas com as outras por meio de encaixes do tipo macho-fêmea. A partir deste contexto, o presente estudo focou em apresentar esta metodologia inovadora, demonstrando sua aplicabilidade por meio de um estudo comparativo com o sistema construtivo convencional, amplamente utilizado no Brasil. A partir disso, foram obtidos resultados significativos que demonstram que a metodologia ARXX ICF é a mais viável de ser utilizada, principalmente em regiões em que as estações do ano são bem definidas, como por exemplo, os estados localizados na região sul do Brasil.
AVALIAÇÃO DE DIFERENTES MÉTODOS DE AUTOMAÇÃO APLICADOS AO BIM COM BASE NA DESIGN SCIENCE
Authors: Gonçalves dos Santos Victor , Brandstetter Maria Carolina
Published: April 2024

O processo BIM foi criado a fim de acompanhar a crescente demanda de projetos mais tecnológicos e de maior complexidade na construção civil. Em conjunto com este processo foram criados softwares como o Revit®, que apresentam variadas ferramentas e a possibilidade da adição de novas funções, utilizando a programação em seu código aberto. O presente artigo tem como objetivo auxiliar na escolha de uma ferramenta para a automação aplicada ao software Revit®, utilizando como metodologia a Design Science. É proposto um processo de quatro etapas para o desenvolvimento e avaliação de um artefato BIM. Na etapa de idealização da proposta, o artefato foi aplicado, utilizando parâmetros como o nível de conhecimento em programação e as necessidades do projeto para identificar a melhor abordagem na criação de uma rotina de automação. O método descritivo de avaliação do artefato foi utilizado, onde três cenários foram apresentados, baseando-se em situações reais acompanhadas em uma empresa do ramo de modelagem 3D e coordenação de projetos. Por fim, chegou-se à conclusão de que a proposta apresentada é válida na criação de rotinas de automação, desde que haja repetição na atividade a ser automatizada.