bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus: The current state of the problem
Authors: Komissarova O. , Polushkina E. , Abdullaev R.
Published: July 2024

Certain successes have been achieved in the fight against tuberculosis (TB) in the Russian Federation in recent years. However, the current TB situation remains tense. A certain role in this has been played by the spread of nosological entities that also include diabetes mellitus (DM). The review presents data on the prevalence, the features of the course of TB and DM comorbidity, and the efficiency of its treatment.
Studying the opinion of obstetric and gynecological patients on their communication with medical specialists
Authors: Amlaev K. , Bakunts S. , Kuzmina E. , Khripunova А. , Dakhkilgova Kh.
Published: July 2024

The paper presents the results of studying the communicative patterns that have developed in everyday obstetric and gynecological practice, as well as the patients’ ideas about them. Objective. To study the opinion of obstetric and gynecological patients on their communication with medical specialists. Subjects and methods. A total of 975 patients who were on inpatient treatment in obstetric and gynecological clinics were surveyed. Results. For older respondents, the absence of tattoos and piercings, as well as the presence of a badge, are important in the appearance of a physician. Almost half of the respondents consider that the physician should comfort an upset patient by giving him the opportunity to vent his negative emotions. To get information on medical topics, most patients use social media; 27.6% are not absolutely interested in social media. 20% of the patients have the impression that the physician talks with him irritably or in a "negative" form; 67% of the patients would like to participate in decision-making with the physician regarding their health. Conclusion. In order to increase the satisfaction of patients with their interaction with medical specialists, the physicians need to improve their communication skills, pay attention to their image and appearance, and to show empathy when communicating with patients.
Cabocos na Cidade: feito planta em vaso
Authors:   , Feitosa Júlia Mendes
Published: July 2024

Caboco na cidade é “que nem” planta em vaso: não é de lá e nem gosta, mas, mantendo as raízes na terra, ainda assim floresce e frutifica - sobre isso trata este trabalho teórico de conclusão de curso em dança pela Escola Técnica de Artes de São Paulo (ETEC) de autoria de Júlia Feitosa (Maynã). Através do compartilhamento de processos pessoais de criação multiartística com foco em dança, a autora investiga, cria e apresenta caminhos possíveis para a utilização da memória familiar, memória corporal, corpo-território e arte como ferramentas de resistência ao apagamento étnico no Brasil e despertamento do estado de corpo criativo ancestral. Os seus processos resultaram em um trabalho prático no qual ela dançou a voz do seu pai narrando a história da sua família, uma família marcada pela migração indígena do território originário em Alagoas (povo xukuru-kariri, cidade de Palmeira dos Índios) para a cidade de São Paulo. O trabalho se dedica em demonstrar as consequências que ficam para os filhos desta migração, como a arte é capaz de fortalecer e reconectar essas memórias, e como essas conexões podem trazer a tona um corpo vivo e dançante em sua essência.
USANDO IA PARA UMA NOVA EXPERIÊNCIA DO CONSUMIDOR E OTIMIZAÇÃO DE VENDAS EM SHOPPING CENTERS
Authors:   , Caldas Rodrigo Leitão
Published: July 2024

Este trabalho visa desenvolver um projeto de uma empresa dedicada ao uso de inteligência artificial (IA) para transformar a experiência do consumidor e otimizar as vendas em shopping centers. O objetivo principal dessa empresa é criar e implementar uma plataforma tecnológica avançada que utiliza detecção e reconhecimento facial, análise de dados e comportamento dos consumidores para fornecer insights valiosos aos comerciantes e administradores desses espaços.

Além de melhorar a experiência dos consumidores em shopping centers, a empresa se propõe a personalizar ofertas e promoções com base nos comportamentos e preferências individuais dos clientes. Com isso, busca aumentar a eficiência das estratégias de marketing e vendas, proporcionando aos lojistas uma gestão mais informada e eficaz.
OS DESAFIOS DO ATUAL SISTEMA POLÍTICO E SEUS IMPACTOS NA LEGITIMIDADE DEMOCRÁTICA DO BRASIL
Authors: Silva Letícia Tavares da
Published: July 2024

No Brasil, os desafios do sistema político revelam problemas cruciais para sua legitimidade democrática, como a fragmentação partidária, o financiamento das campanhas eleitorais e a representação insuficiente das minorias, causando impactos como a polarização política e a desconfiança nas instituições democráticas tradicionais. Compreender esses elementos é fundamental para fortalecer a governabilidade e a confiança no sistema representativo, promovendo reformas que consolidem uma democracia mais robusta e inclusiva.
Fundamentals of CRISPR-Cas9: Gene-editing technology and basic
Authors: America Fernanda Acosta-Soto  , Diana Marisol López-Díaz  , Jehosafat Esquivel-Ramírez  , Joana Mora-Soriano  , Brissia Lazalde- Medina
Published: July 2024

The CRISPR/Cas9 system provides a robust and multiplexable genome editing tool, enabling researchers to precisely manipulate specific genomic elements and facilitating the elucidation of target gene function in biology and diseases. CRISPR/Cas9 consists of a nonspecific Cas9 nuclease and a set of programmable sequence-specific CRISPR RNA (crRNA), which can guide Cas9 to cleave DNA and generate double-strand breaks at target sites. Subsequent cellular DNA repair processes lead to desired insertions, deletions, or substitutions at target sites. The particularity of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated DNA cleavage requires target sequences matching crRNA and a protospacer adjacent motif located downstream of target sequences. Here, we review the molecular mechanism, applications, and challenges of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing and the clinical therapeutic potential of CRISPR/Cas9 in the future.
The mechanistic modes of Targeting immunometabolism in cancer: An innovative strategy: A narrative review
Authors: Kulvinder Kochar Kaur  , Gautam Nand Allahbadia
Published: July 2024

Previously we had detailed different gynaecological cancers, inclusive of high grade serous ovarian cancers(HGSOC),breast cancer(BC), Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), non small lung cancer (NSCLC),bile acids in cancer,colorectal cancer with etiopathogenesis, treatment yet 5 year survival is substantially poor. Additionally, considering a considerable association of obesity with escalating incidence of cancers recently the concept of immunometabolism for targeting cancers has emerged. Furthermore,we had detailed alterations in metabolism in depth including macrophage polarization, SIRT signaling pathway,in T2DM, targeting PI3K/ PTEN/ AKT signaling pathwaysin germ cell tumors and oocyte generation, MAPK/ERK andHippo/MST signaling for cancers, PD1/ PDL1 (programmed death1)/ (programmed death ligand1 pathways in ovarian cancers /&tecemotide therapy for NSCLC, PI3K/ AKT/mTOR signaling in T2DM treatment and autophagy role . With advancements of immunometabolic scientific research advantages of using innovative strategies is got for immune controlling . Propagative metabolic adaptation of tumor cells aids in generation of a fluorishing tumor microenvironment(TME),where immune cells get their capability of earlier killing totally eliminated all the time persists an unresolved conundrum despite the generation of immune checkpoints treatments. In current decade numerous studies on tumor immunometabolism have been displayed. Generating immunometabolism might promote formation of antitumor immunotherapies from the continuos crosstalk amongst metabolism and immunity. Here our concentration is over the crucial targets of every key signaling pathways,ii) the molecule existent in upstream as well as downstream signaling along with cell demise modulated by them and immunometabolic checkpoints that have been displayed to possess significant controlling part are further described.Thus the idea of this is provision of necessary knowledge regarding molecular signaling in immunometabolism context and targeting approaches in oncology research and emphasizes the manner this area guides advancements in treatment of tumors.
Substance abuse among young adults, and the contributing factors of social media in the United States
Authors: Oluwakemi A Abuka  , Ajibola O Adesina
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the relationship between social media use and substance abuse among young adults in the United States. With the increasing prevalence of social media and its profound impact on behavior, understanding its role in promoting substance use is critical. The research examines patterns of substance abuse, identifies key social media factors contributing to these behaviors, and discusses implications for prevention and intervention strategies. Data were collected through surveys and interviews with young adults aged 18-25. The findings highlight significant correlations between social media exposure and substance use, emphasizing the need for targeted educational and policy measures.
Pengaruh E-Service Quality dan E-Trust Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Pada Pengguna Aplikasi PLN Mobile Kota Padang Panjang
Authors: Luthfiani Fatma , Yuhefizar Yuhefizar , Josephine Sudiman
Published: July 2024

Technology has become an inseparable part of people's daily lives. The high use of cellphones and the internet in Indonesia has triggered companies to follow the wishes of the community by creating several applications that are used for the above activities. Several mobile applications already exist in Indonesia, one of which is for payments and purchases. One of the companies that provides mobile payment applications is the State Electricity Company (PLN), which is an Indonesian State-Owned Agency that operates in the electricity sector. In the final assignment with the title "The Influence of E-Service Quality and E-Trust on Customer Satisfaction for Users of the PLN Mobile Application in Padang Panjang City" the author compiled using a quantitative approach with descriptive statistical analysis techniques. This research aims to determine the effect of e-service quality on customer satisfaction of PLN Mobile application users in Padang Panjang City and to determine the influence of e-trust on customer satisfaction of PLN Mobile users in Padang Panjang City. The number of respondents was 68 PLN Padang Panjang City customers who were chosen randomly. The results of this research show that e-service quality and e-trust have a significant effect on customer satisfaction for users of the PLN Mobile application in Padang Panjang City.
Pemanfaatan Gulma Kirinyuh Menjadi Pupuk Kompos untuk Meningkatkan Pendapatan Masyarakat Gampong Meucat Kecamatan Samudera Kabupaten Aceh Utara
Authors: Hafifah Hafifah , Nazirah Laila , Nazaruddin M. , Syahra Alfi , Aminsyah Nur
Published: July 2024

Gampong Meucat merupakan salah satu gampong yang terdapat di KecamatanSamudera, Kabupaten Aceh Utara, Provinsi Aceh, Indonesia. Di daerah lahankebun Gampong Meucat banyak ditumbuhi oleh gulma kirinyuh, baik di sekitardaerah lahan kosong ataupun gulma di areal perkebunan. Keberadaan gulmakirinyuh ini sudah menimbulkan masalah bagi warga. Oleh karena itu perludilakukan upaya pemanfaatan tumbuhan ini sebagai pupuk kompos yang kayamanfaat. Proses pengomposan gulma kirinyuh akan dipercepat denganmenggunakan EM4. Ada tiga kegiatan utama yang akan dilakukan dalamkegiatan ini yaitu sosialisasi, pelatihan dan praktik pembuatan pupuk kompos.Selama pelaksanaan kegiatan, masyarakat gampong yang menjadi pesertakegiatan pengabdian terlihat sangat berpartisipasi aktif, sehingga setelahmengikuti kegiatan, mereka mempunyai pemahaman dan keterampilan tentangteknik pembuatan pupuk kompos gulma kirinyuh. Hasil praktek pembuatanpupuk kompos dengan menggunakan activator EM4, pupuk kompos sudahterdekomposis dan secara fisik sudah siap digunakan sebagai pupuk kompospada 22 hari. Sedangkan perlakuan tanpa menggunakan bioaktivatator EM4,pada pengamatan 22 hari belum menunjukkan ciri fisik pupuk kompos yangmatang. Setelah kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan, diharapkan masyarakatmampu memproduksi pupuk kompos dari gulma kirinyuh secara mandiri yangtersedia berlimpah disekitar persawahan. Produk pupuk kompos yangdihasilkan dapat digunakan untuk kebutuhan pupuk pada usaha tani yangmereka miliki maupun dapat digunakan sebagai produk yang dapat dijual untukmenambah pendapatan keluarga.
PkM Pemanfaatan Limbah Kotoran Ternak sebagai Biogas di Pesanggaran Kota Batu
Authors: Sugiono Sugiono , Rahmawati Anita
Published: July 2024

Kelurahan Pesanggrahan Kota Batu merupakan salah satu desa yang berada di bagian barat Provinsi Jawa Timur. Mayoritas penduduknya bekerja dibidang sektor peternakan, pertanian, dan perdagangan. Sebagian besar penduduk memiliki peliharaan sapi dan kambing 2-5 ekor. Selama ini, limbah kotoran ternak sapi dan kambing tidak dimanfaatkan dengan baik dan dibuang begitu saja sehingga mencemari lingkungan sekitar. Hal tersebut, menjadikan tim pengabdi dan masyarakat sekitar melaksanakan kegiatan pemanfaatan limbah kotoran ternak sapi dan kambing menjadi biogas dengan tujuan pemanfaatan limbah feses dapat digunakan sebagai sumber energi atau bahan bakar untuk kegiatan industri rumahan. Adapun metode pelaksanaan dari kegiatan ini dibagi menjadi tiga tahapan pokok, yaitu tahap sosialisasi, pembuatan instalasi biogas, dan tahap pendampingan. Hasil dari kegiatan ini yaitu dapat memberi dampak positif untuk Masyarakat Pesanggaran Kota Batu secara mandiri sehingga dapat mengurangi ketergantungan penggunaan kayu bakar dan LPG serta dapat menjaga lingkungan dari dampak pencemaran limbah feses peternakan.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Lilin Aromaterapi Essensial Oil Lavender di Dusun Kiringan, Canden, Jetis, Bantul Yogyakarta
Authors: Hidayati Listiana , Fatimah Fitri Andriani
Published: July 2024

Lilin aromaterapi minyak essensial lavender bekerja dengan mempengaruhi kerja otak. Aromaterapi lavender yang harum dan segar memberikan banyak manfaat bagi kesehatan psikologis seseorang. Tujuan dari pelatihan ini adalah untuk memaksimalkan kekayaan alam tanaman obat serta meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat baik Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) maupun yang berbadan hukum di Desa Wisata Kiringan serta dapat menarik konsumen baru dari berbagai kalangan. Metode yang digunakan dalam pelatihan  ini adalah: melakukan wawancara terkait kebutuhan terkait, penyuluhan, demonstrasi terbimbing, praktek langsung dan pendampingan. Hasil dari kegiatan sosialisasi ini adalah meningkatkan kemandirian ekonomi dan mengaplikasikan produksi lilin aromaterapi minyak essensial oil lavender UMKM warga Dusun Kiringan, Kelurahan Canden, Kecamatan Jetis, Kabupaten Bantul, Yogyakarta
Strategy for improving teacher pedagogic competence through ummi method certification at SD Islam Al Alifah Palembang
Authors: Mirzuandi Ahmad , Abdurrahmansyah Abdurrahmansyah , Nazaruddin Nazaruddin
Published: July 2024

In modern times, many teachers still have not fully met the criteria of qualified professional teachers, especially in the Qur'an learning method with the Ummi method. This study aims to analyze the concept of increasing pedagogic competence through Ummi method certification. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study type. The research informants were the principal, the Quran coordinator, and the Ummi method Quran teacher. The results of this study show that the concept of pedagogical competence of Qur'an teachers in the learning process is quite good, namely: 1) mastery of learning theories and learning principles by exploring each learning material conceptually through the Ummi Method volume book and literature on their respective disciplines (children's volume level); 2) curriculum development; and 3) development of student potential. The Ummi method has touched on several indicators so that the goals of Qur'an education can be achieved properly. The impact of Ummi method certification can be felt directly, not only by teachers but also by students and guardians. In the strategy to increase teacher pedagogic competence, there are four factors: strengths, opportunities, obstacles, and threats.
Primary school students' knowledge about animal life cycle material: The survey study
Authors: Nasir Nur Indah Ririn Fitriani , Mahanal Susriyati , Ekawati Ratna , Damopolii Insar , Supriyono Supriyono , Rahayuningsih Sri
Published: July 2024

Students' knowledge is obtained from studying, and their involvement in science learning is still low, so it is a concern. Our research aims: First, to survey students' knowledge of animal life cycles, and second, to determine differences in students' knowledge of animal life cycles based on gender. This research uses a survey method. Sampling was carried out using convenience sampling. The sample obtained was 286 students willing to answer questions via Google Forms. They are primary school students in Indonesia. Data collection procedure: (1) compiling the instruments, (2) expert validation, (3) instrument testing, (4) validity and reliability analysis, (3) test distribution, (4) analysis of findings, (5) data interpretation, and (6) conclusion. A total of 9 valid and reliable questions were used to collect data. Analysis of differences in student knowledge using the t-test. The findings show that there are still 51.75% of students whose knowledge needs to be improved. Boys and girls students did not show differences in their knowledge regarding animal life cycles. This research concludes that students' knowledge of animal life cycle material has not reached the good category. Boys and girls students have the same level of knowledge but only get the moderate category. Future research can test how innovative learning in science for primary schools can impact student knowledge.
Bridging the gap between face-to-face and virtual class: What to be considered in the course of scientific writing?
Authors: Dwigustini Retno , Halim Nurhasanah , Susilawati Susilawati
Published: July 2024

This systematic review attempts to summarize articles that provide information for lesson planners and curriculum development to consider in the design and development of virtual classes for scientific writing. A qualitative research methodology was employed to analyze the information gathered to answer two research questions. The protocol in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) was incorporated to provide a carefully planned and recorded systematic review to ensure consistency, openness, accountability, and integrity of review articles. The results signify considerations for designing scientific writing, including personal assistance and guidance for the preparation of paper writing and submissions. The analyzed articles also recommend facilitating students with their preference-based activities and building interactivity.
Cell-based medicinal products: a review of current research
Authors: Galitsyna E. V. , Kulikova E. A. , Pavelyev Yu. A. , Kuznetsova O. S. , Senina A. S. , Gusev A. B.
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION. Cell therapies and tissue-engineered products are aimed at patients with severe conditions (genetic and neurodegenerative disorders, cancers, musculoskeletal injuries, burns, etc.) that lack alternative treatment options. Analysis of clinical efficacy data on cell-based medicinal products is important for understanding their translational potential in personalised medicine.

AIM. This study aimed to review key trends in cell therapy, analyse data on approved cell therapies and tissue-engineered products, and assess challenges and prospects for their use.

DISCUSSION. This article analyses data on the composition of cell therapies and tissue-engi­neered products, indications for their use, and the results of clinical studies. Cell-based medicinal products are derived from autologous or allogeneic mesenchymal and limbal stem cells, epithelial cells, chondrocytes, native or genetically engineered haematopoietic stem cells, geneti­cally engineered lymphocytes (CAR-T, CAR-NK), etc. Medicinal products based on cell technologies have been approved in many countries, including the USA (approximately 30), the European Union (approximately 20), Japan (18), South Korea (15), etc. As of today, two cell therapies have been granted marketing authorisation in the Russian Federation. The first is based on CAR-T cells (a gene therapy product), and the other is based on chondrocytes (a cell-based medicinal product); the latter has been developed in Russia. The main advantages of cell therapy products include higher efficacy and fewer adverse drug reactions in comparison with standard treatment modalities. The main challenges of cell therapy include the risks of immune reactions and mutagenesis associated with lentiviral vectors or CRISPR/Cas9 technology, as well as limited efficacy of CAR-T and CAR-NK cells due to immunosuppressive properties of tumour microenvironment.

CONCLUSION. In comparison with conventional treatment approaches, the use of cell therapies and tissue-engineered products can help effectively eliminate defects in various body tissues, avoid highly invasive surgical interventions, and reduce regeneration time. Thus, ensuring development of similar but at the same time more affordable Russian medicinal products can bring great benefits for the healthcare system of the Russian Federation.
Sexual Dimorphism of the Three Pit Viper Species (Gloydius brevicaudus, G. ussuriensis, G. intermedius) in South Korea
Authors: Do Min Seock , Kim June , Choi Jin Hwan
Published: July 2024

Sexual size dimorphism in snakes is closely related to mating behavior and fecundity selection. It provides important information on animal morphology and evolutionary ecology because it allows us to identify key morphological and functional traits between sexes and infer intraspecific competition. In this study, we measured the morphological characters of 147 individuals of three pit viper species stored in the archive of the National Institute of Biological Resources of the Ministry of Environment and confirmed interspecific differences and sexual size dimorphism of each species. We also identified important characters affecting identification using linear discriminant analysis. The results showed that the three pit viper species differed in body and head morphology, and the number of dorsal scale rows was the most important character for species identification. It was found that female red-tongued pit vipers and short-tailed pit vipers were larger than males of each species, while male Central Asian pit vipers were larger than females. Characters related to tail length and head length were confirmed as important characters for interspecific sex discrimination. We compared characters related to head morphology between sexes to find that red-tongued pit vipers showed differences in most characters, while short-tailed pit vipers and Central Asian pit vipers did not. Therefore, short-tailed pit vipers and Central Asian pit vipers are expected to have strong intraspecific competitive pressure. In future studies, it will be necessary to conduct a detailed research on intraspecific competition of short-tailed pit vipers and Central Asian pit vipers with little morphological differences between sexes by examining resource utilization (e.g., food sources and habitats) and ecological niche.
Prediction of risks of comorbidity of type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease taking into account plasma levels of 8-isoprostane and sirtuin-1
Authors: Zhuravlyova L. V. , Kucherenko S. M.
Published: July 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including coronary heart disease (CHD), continue to be the major causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Both CHD and T2DM are the most dangerous and widely spread conditions. According to research data, a high overall prevalence of CVD in type 2 DM has been established, with CHD as the most prevalent CVD type.
Objective — to determine the prognostic possibilities of estimation the risks of the development of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes comorbidity and to work out an appropriate prognostic model.
Materials and methods. A randomized controlled single‑center prospective case‑control study was conducted, Examinations involved 100 patients, allocated into two groups: subjects of the 1st group (n=30) had isolated CAD, and patients from the 2nd group (n=70) had CAD against the T2DM background. The control group consisted of 20 practically healthy subjects. Assessments included sirtuin‑1 and 8‑isoprostane levels. Statistical analysis of the obtained data was performed using the IBM SPSS 25.0 application program package for Windows.
Results. The following significant predictors of the development of CHD and T2DM comorbidity were determined: patients’ age (increased the probability by 7.1%) and body mass index (BMI, which increased the probability by 13.3%). The higher risk of CHD and T2DM was defined with the increasing 8‑isoprostane levels and decreasing sirtuin‑1 levels by 2.1% and 79.4%, respectively. In comparison with II functional class (FC) angina pectoris, the presence of III FC significantly (p=0.005) associated with a 66.3% decrease in the probability of the developing of CHD and T2DM comorbidity. In the combined analysis, the overall effect on the probability of developing CHD and T2DM comorbidity was determined with an increase in age by 8.1%, BMI by 18.9%, 8‑isoprostane by 2.6%, and a decrease in sirtuin‑1 by 81.0%, and presence of ІІІ FC of angina pectoris — by 82.8%. A mathematical equation for predicting the development of the comorbid course of CHD and T2DM has been worked out.
Conclusions. Patients’ age, body mass index, levels of 8‑isoprostane and sirtuin‑1, presence of III FC angina pectoris have been established as the most important predictors of the development of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes comorbidity.
Stress-induced dyslipidemia in chronic kidney disease during the war: mechanisms, clinical consequences, piculiarities of correction. Review
Authors: Chernyshov V. A.
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to discussion of actual questions of mental and physical stress exertion on dyslipidemia (DLP) phenotype peculiar to chronic kidney disease (CKD) during a war as well as to discussion of clinical consequences of lipid profile changes induced by mentioned stress factors and peculiarities of stress‑induced DLP correction in persons with CKD in the conditions of military time.
Complex mechanisms of interaction between stress hormones, insulin, cytokines and metabolism of fat tissue influenced on lipid profile changes in stress‑induced DLP have been considered. Such clinical consequences of stress‑induced DLP in patients with CKD in military time as atherosclerosis, glomerulosclerosis and thromboembolic complications were discussed. Atherogenic effects of stress include NO deficit, vascular endothelial production of cytokines, mitogenesis of vascular smooth muscle cells, insulin resistance, neuropeptide Y effects and modulation of renin‑ angiotensin‑aldosterone system. All these effects are connected with stress‑induced DLP. That’s why it’s important to block or minimize atherogenic action of stress components to save a structure and function of vascular endothelium and vascular wall. A negative influence of unhealthy lifestyle, typical during a war, on lipid profile and efficacy of hypolipidemic interventions is emphasized. The main areas of lifestyle modification, which should be followed even during the war, have been highlighted. The data about peculiarities of the use of hypolipidemic agents to save renal function and to reduce proteinuria have been presented in the paper. Some peculiarities have been elucidated as regards the choice of hypolipidemic drugs, including statins, fibrates, PCSK9 inhibitors and omega‑3 polyunsaturated acids, depending on their renal excretion, CKD stage, DLP phenotype and category of cardiovascular risk. Contemporary European recommendations for DLP correction in individual groups of patients with CKD included dialysis and renal transplantation have been discussed.
Assessment of land use change in the dryland agricultural region of Córdoba, Argentina, between 2000 and 2020 based on NDVI data
Authors: De la Casa Antonio , Ovando Gustavo , Díaz Guillermo , Díaz Pablo , Soler Fernando , Clemente Juan Pablo
Published: July 2024

The dryland region of Córdoba province experienced a strong increase in agricultural land-use in the 21st century. Between years 2000 and 2020 the temporal variation of land-use measures derived from the seasonal variation curve of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was analyzed. In eleven departments of the region, the following NDVI measurements wereobtained for each crop cycle from September to April: minimum value (NDVIn), maximum value (NDVIx), amplitude (NDVIa=NDVIx-NDVIn) and mean value (NDVIm). The sowing percentage per department was analyzed spatially and temporally, as well as the land use indicators. Both NDVIn and NDVIx are related to the sowing area per department, determining a negative correlation (-0.36) for NDVIn and a positive one (0.596) for NDVIx. The positive correlation with NDVIa (0.569) is considered directly linked to the agricultural land use. The seasonal variation of the NDVI showed changes over time, which werecompatible with the increase in agricultural activity in the region. Although the increase in agricultural land use was noticeable through both the decrease in NDVIn and the increase in NDVIx, along with a general trend towards rising NDVIa values, the variation was more apparent in those departments where agricultural activity increased to a greater proportion.
The Possibility of Targeting Economic Growth: Theoretical Aspect
Authors: Maevsky V. I. ,   Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

The article proposes an original target indicator for macroeconomic monetary policy, namely the s indicator (corresponding to the word “scope”), calculated as the ratio of average annual inflation to the average annual growth rate of real GDP over a certain period. This indicator essentially reflects the degree of non-neutrality of money in the long term. While orthodox macroeconomic theory denies the non-neutrality of money, the switching regime reproduction theory (SRRT) acknowledges it (Maevsky et al., 2020). If the s indicator is less than 1, there is strong non-neutrality of money in the country; if it is greater than 1, then non-neutrality is weak. Both weak and strong non-neutralities of money are accompanied by negative social effects, which intensify as the s indicator moves further from 1. Therefore, monetary authorities, striving for compromise, aim to make decisions that bring the s indicator close to or equal to 1. Statistical calculations for 49 countries support this conclusion: in developed and most developing countries, the s indicator is close to 1. However, Russia does not fall into this majority, which points to the need for substantial institutional changes in its monetary policy system. One possible change considered is the partial replacement of currency-backed primary money issuance with debt-backed issuance, i. e., issuance against the purchase of government securities. The study discusses the controversial issue of using monetary policy to stimulate economic growth by normalizing the s indicator. It also examines the statement made by German Gref, the head of Sberbank of Russia, to the Federation Council on June 4, 2024, about the Russian economy overheating due to high capacity utilization. It is shown that instead of restricting growth, the capacity deficit should be overcome through a policy of monetary stimulation of investments in fixed capital. These findings are consistent with those of the team from the Central Economics and Mathematics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, who used a modified equilibrium model that includes the endogenous factor of scientific and technological progress.
Triple-System Theory of Individual Decision-Making Based on the Concept of Flux
Authors:   Central Economics and Mathematics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Istratov V. A.
Published: July 2024

Although the topic of human decision-making is as vast as it is old, there is still no widely recognized computational model in both economic theory and interdisciplinary studies. This study aims to address this gap by introducing a computer model of decision-making based on three interconnected systems: habitual, emotional, and rational. These systems operate distinctly within the model, varying in speed and flexibility, which sets it apart from prevalent approaches in economic theory. Central to the model are personal motives and the flux system, which registers and processes changes in individuals and their environment. The flux also serves as a universal comparator, translating quantitative concepts into qualitative ones. The integration of these three decision-making factors simultaneously enhances the model’s comprehensiveness and accuracy compared to dual-process theories. This approach prioritizes practicality by minimizing abstraction compared to existing models, thereby enhan­cing the precision of its conclusions. It has the potential to be integrated into computational models or software designed for human decision-making, aiming to offer a more universal, precise, and practical alternative. Validation with real-world data is crucial to justify its enhanced computational complexity.
Interaction of Technological and Socio-Economic Structures in the Socio-Economic Development of Territories
Authors: Artemova O. V. ,   Chelyabinsk Branch of the Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Uzhegov A. O. ,   Chelyabinsk Branch of the Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

Based on the concepts of “technological structure” and “socio-economic structure,” the study explores how these factors influence territorial development. The study’s objectives include summarizing the views on technology in Russian and international research literature, defining “technological structure” and “socio-economic structure”, analyzing their components and institutional frameworks, exploring their interactions, and assessing current approaches to studying technology in territories. The study employs theoretical and methodological approaches, including evolutionary theory, economic dynamics (including the theory of long waves), technological structures theory, institutional theory, and theory of regional economics, alongside a publication review to achieve its objectives. The research offers a novel interpretation of technological and socio-economic structures as models and methodologies for analysis of territorial development. It clarifies the essence, structure, and institutional design of these structures and highlights their constructive and destructive interactions in territorial development. The study highlights the significance of integrating advanced technologi­cal and socio-economic structures to accelerate development in Russian regions. The findings underscore the necessity for comprehensive research to leverage the synergy among technological, economic, and social potentials in territorial development.
Competition and Competitive Environment in Historical Schools of Economics
Authors: Zhuk A. A. ,   Southern Federal University, Vaganov A. A. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: July 2024

This article seeks to identify and systematize interpretations of competition and competitive environment by representatives of the German historical school of economics. It traces the evolution of their views over generations, showing how these views were refined in response to economic development, scientific and technological progress, and doctrines in related disciplines. The German authors’ perspectives emerged as a critique of traditional English classical political economy, reflecting the challenges faced by less industria­lized and economically developed regions in competing with leading economies. Recognizing that the stron­gest would prevail under existing rules, historians focused on factors that could balance the economic dispa­rity. This includes F. List’s “infant industry protectionism” and the calls by W. Roscher and G. Schmoller to consider legal and social factors, as well as L. Brentano’s emphasis on the influence of Christianity. Despite this, early historians like W. Roscher and B. Hildebrand acknowledged the need for free competition as a fundamental driver of economic development, a view supported by later historians such as G. Schmoller, L. Brentano, W. Sombart, and M. Weber. This study aims to fill gaps in understanding the competitive environment, provi­ding scholars with a modern methodological approach to analyzing competition and opening avenues for further research and debate.
Dairy-Derived and Bacteriocin-Producing Strain Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP17L/1: An Assessment of Its Safety and Effect Using Broiler Rabbits
Authors: Lauková Andrea , Chrastinová Ľubica , Plachá Iveta , Focková Valentína , Zábolyová Natália , Bino Eva , Grešáková Ľubomíra , Žitňan Rudolf , Formelová Zuzana , Ščerbová Jana , Belzecki Grzegorz , Miltko Renata , Pogány Simonová Monika
Published: July 2024

Background: Using bacterial (probiotic) strains can influence beneficial health statuses, e.g., through dairy products; however, they must be assessed as safe before consumption; broiler rabbits represent a suitable model for this purpose. This study evaluated the safety and effect (functionality) of the dairy-derived, plantaricin-producing strain Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP17L/1 using broiler rabbits. The following parameters were assessed to evaluate safety and functionality: microbiota, phagocytic activity (non-specific immunity parameter), blood serum biochemistry, oxidative stress enzyme, growth performance, cecal hydrolytic activity, and jejunal morphometry. Methods: Previously validated methods were used for the analyses. The appropriate administrations approved the experiments. Results: Although only up to 1.0 colony forming unit (CFU)/g (log10) LP17L/1 reached the gastrointestinal tract of the rabbits, the total lactic acid bacteria and amylolytic streptococci were significantly increased (p < 0.001). The other microbiota were not influenced, meaning there was no negative influence on phagocytic activity, growth parameters, and biochemistry in the analyzed blood serum. Conversely, lower GPx values were measured in the experimental group than in the control group, meaning LP17L/1 did not induce oxidative stress. LP17L/1 caused an increase in villi length to crypt depth ratio, while hydrolytic activity was also significantly increased (p < 0.01, p < 0.001). Conclusions: L. plantarum LP17L/1 was confirmed as safe. Regarding the functionality, no negative influence on the microbiota was noted, and the tested parameters were not negatively influenced. Demonstrating that the LP17L/1 strain is safe provides further chances for its industrial application. Additional studies are being conducted.
Designing an mRNA Vaccine against P. jirovecii Involved in Fatal Pneumonia Infections via Comparative Proteomics and Reverse Vaccinology Approaches
Authors: Naveed Muhammad , Jabeen Khizra , Aziz Tariq , Mughal Muhammad Saad , Arif Hammad , Alharbi Metab , Albakeiri Thamer H , Alasmari Abdullah F.
Published: July 2024

Background: Pneumocystis jirovecii is the most emerging life-threating health problem that causes acute and fatal pneumonia infection. It is rare and more contagious for patients with leukemia and immune-deficiency disorders. Until now there is no treatment available for this infection therefore, it is needed to develop any treatment against this pathogen. Methods: In this work, we used comparative proteomics, robust immune-informatics, and reverse vaccinology to create an mRNA vaccine against Pneumocystis jirovecii by targeting outer and transmembrane proteins. Using a comparative subtractive proteomic analysis of two Pneumocystis jirovecii proteomes, a distinct non-redundant Pneumocystis jirovecii (strain SE8) proteome was chosen. Seven Pneumocystis jirovecii transmembrane proteins were chosen from this proteome based on hydrophilicity, essentiality, virulence, antigenicity, pathway interaction, protein-protein network analysis, and allergenicity. Objective: The reverse vaccinology approach was used to predict the immunogenic and antigenic epitopes of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I, II and B-cells from the selected proteins on the basis of their antigenicity, toxicity and allergenicity. These immunogenic epitopes were linked together to construct the mRNA-based vaccine. To enhance the immunogenicity, suitable adjuvant, linkers (GPGPG, KK, and CYY), and PRDRE sequences were used. Results: Through predictive modeling and confirmation via the Ramachandran plot, we assessed secondary and 3D structures. The adjuvant RpfE was incorporated to enhance the vaccine construct’s immunogenicity (GRAVY index: –0.271, instability index: 39.53, antigenicity: 1.0428). The physiochemical profiling of vaccine construct was predicted it an antigenic, efficient, and potential vaccine. Notably, strong interactions were observed between the vaccine construct and TLR-3/TLR-4 (–1301.7 kcal/mol-1 and –1374.7 kcal/mol-1). Conclusions: The results predicted that mRNA-based vaccines trigger a cellular and humoral immune response, making the vaccine potential candidate against Pneumocystis jirovecii and it is more suitable for in-vitro analysis and validation to prove its effectiveness.
Kaempferol Alleviates Injury in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells via STAT1 Ubiquitination-Mediated Degradation of IRF7
Authors: Zhang Hongjun , Liu Can , Gu Cao , Jiang Jun , Gao Yu
Published: July 2024

Background: Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells have a pivotal function in preserving the equilibrium of the retina and moderating the immunological interaction between the choroid and the retina. This study primarily focuses on delineating the protective effect offered by Kaempferol (Kae) against RPE cell damage. Methods: Bioinformatics analysis was performed on the GSE30719 dataset to identify hub genes associated with RPE. Subsequently, we analyzed the impact of Kae on RPE apoptosis, cell viability, and inflammatory response through cell experiments, and explored the interaction between hub genes and Kae. Results: Based on the GSE30719 dataset, nine hub genes (ISG15, IFIT1, IFIT3, STAT1, OASL, RSAD2, IRF7, MX2, and MX1) were identified, all of which were highly expressed in the GSE30719 case group. Kae could boost the proliferative activity of RPE cells caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as well as reduce apoptosis and the generation of inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β)) and cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-12). STAT1 was shown to inhibit cell proliferation, promote apoptosis, and secrete IL-1/IL-6/IL-12 in LPS-induced RPE cells. Moreover, IRF7 was found to interact with STAT1 in LPS-induced RPE cells, and STAT1 could maintain IRF7 levels through deubiquitination. In addition, we also found that the protective effect of Kae on LPS-induced RPE cell injury was mediated through STAT1/IRF7 axis. Conclusion: This study provided evidence that Kae protects RPE cells via regulating the STAT1/IRF7 signaling pathways, indicating its potential therapeutic relevance in the diagnosis and management of retinal disorders linked with RPE cell damage.
Sestrin2 Restricts Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Induced by Lipolysaccharide via Autophagy
Authors: Huang Rongrong , Liu Lei , Shen Kai , Duan Chengwei , Fan Zhenyu
Published: July 2024

Objectives: Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) is a significant biological phenomenon wherein endothelial cells undergo a loss of their endothelial traits and progressively acquire mesenchymal characteristics. Consequently, this transformation leads to both a compromised ability to maintain lumen permeability and alterations in vascular structure, which hampers the preservation of blood-brain barrier integrity. This study aimed to investigate inflammation-induced EndoMT and its etiology, with the goal of impeding the infiltration of peripheral inflammation into the central nervous system. Materials and Methods: Lipolysaccharide (LPS) was administered intraperitoneally to mice several times to establish a chronic inflammatory model. A cellular inflammatory model was established by LPS in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs). The mRNA expressions of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Immunofluorescence staining of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31) and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was conducted to assess the level of EndoMT. The expression levels of Occludin, zona occludens protein 1 (ZO-1), Sestrin2, microtubule-associated protein1 light chain 3 (LC3) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were detected by western blotting. Results: LPS treatment induced the downregulation of ZO-1 and Occludin, which was accompanied by the elevated expressions of iNOS, α-SMA, Sestrin2 and LC3-II in the mouse cortex and HBMECs. Mechanistically, the knockdown of Sestrin2 in HBMECs exacerbated the EndoMT induced by LPS treatment, while the overexpression of Sestrin2 inhibited this process. Moreover, the induction of autophagy by rapamycin rescued the EndoMT induced by Sestrin2 knockdown. Conclusion: This study revealed that Sestrin2 inhibited endothelial inflammation and EndoMT via enhanced autophagy, which may provide a potential drug target for cerebrovascular inflammatory injury.