bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Đánh giá bước đầu kết quả phẫu thuật điều trị gãy cột sống lưng - thắt lưng ở bệnh nhân loãng xương bằng vít rỗng kết hợp bơm xi măng sinh học
Authors: Nguyễn Đức Việt Nguyễn Đức Việt , Nguyễn Xuân Học Nguyễn Xuân Học
Published: January 2025

Đặt vấn đề: Chấn thương cột sống lưng- thắt lưng rất phổ biến trên lâm sàng, phẫu thuật làm cứng cột sống bằng vít qua cuống được chỉ định cho các trường hợp mất vững. Tuy nhiên, khi bắt vít qua cuống ở bệnh nhân loãng xương, lực cố định trong cuống sống bị giảm xuống đáng kể do mật độ khoáng xương thấp, điều này dẫn đến tăng nguy cơ lỏng vít, tuột vít. Nhiều phương pháp đã được đề xuất để cải thiện việc cố định vít trong trường hợp chất lượng xương kém như sử dụng các vít dài hơn, đường kính vít lớn hơn và sử dụng vít rỗng cố định cột sống qua cuống cung kết hợp bơm xi măng sinh học. Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và đánh giá bước đầu kết quả phẫu thuật bệnh lý gãy cột sống lưng – thắt lưng ở bệnh nhân loãng xương bằng vít rỗng kết hợp bơm xi măng sinh học. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Hồi cứu mô tả 15 bệnh nhân gãy cột sống lưng - thắt lưng mất vững kèm loãng xương (T-score<-2.5) được phẫu thuật làm cứng cột sống bằng vít rỗng kết hợp bơm xi măng. Kết quả: 15 bệnh nhân (6 nam, 9 nữ); Tuổi trung bình 63.7±6.4 (từ 53-79 tuổi); Cơ chế do ngã cao chiếm 73.3%, nguyên nhân khác 26.7%; Triệu chứng lâm sàng đau lưng 100%; Vị trí tầng tổn thương gặp nhiều nhất là L1 chiếm 60%; Tỷ lệ bắt vít vào chân cung 100%; Tỷ lệ nhiễm trùng phẫu thuật 0%; Kết quả hồi phục theo công thức Hirabayashi sau 3 tháng: tốt: 40%; khá: 53.3%; trung bình: 6.67%; kém: 0%.Kết luận: Phẫu thuật gãy cột sống lưng - thắt lưng ở bệnh nhân loãng xương bằng vít rỗng kết hợp bơm xi măng sinh học là phẫu thuật an toàn, mang lại hiệu quả giảm đau tốt và cải thiện chức năng đáng kể.
Đánh giá điều trị truyền máu trên bệnh nhân Thalassemia tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Thống Nhất tỉnh Đồng Nai năm 2024
Authors: Hồ Thị Phương Anh Hồ Thị Phương Anh , Nguyễn Thị Hiền Nguyễn Thị Hiền
Published: January 2025

Đặt vấn đề: Thalassemia là bệnh về huyết sắc tố do giảm hoặc mất tổng hợp một Thalassemia nếu được phát hiện sớm và điều trị kịp thời bằng truyền máu hòa hợp và thải sắt thì sẽ tránh được nhiều biến chứng và giảm nguy cơ tử vong sớm. Việc đánh giá điều trị truyền máu ở các bệnh nhân (BN) Thalassemia rất quan trọng, đưa ra cái nhìn toàn diện, từ đó giúp các bác sĩ điều trị hiệu quả hơn, góp phần cải thiện tiên lượng lâu dài của bệnh nhân Thalassemia. Mục tiêu: Đánh giá điều trị truyền máu trên bệnh nhân Thalassemia tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Thống Nhất - Đồng Nai năm 2024. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu hồi cứu, tiến cứu, mô tả hàng loạt ca. Kết quả nghiên cứu: Thể bệnh Beta Thalassemia Alpha Thalassemia và Beta Thalassemia HbE chiếm tỉ lệ lần lượt là 44.6%, 33.8% và 21.6%. Tỉ lệ thiếu máu chung là 95.9%. BN Alpha Thalassemia có thiếu máu mức độ nhẹ và trung bình chiếm tỉ lệ cao nhất 95.7%, kế đến Beta Thalassemia HbE chiếm 93.7% và Beta Thalassemia chiếm 81.2%. Đối với BN thể bệnh Beta Thalassemia/HbE có chỉ định truyền máu chiếm tỉ lệ cao nhất là 93.7%, trong khi Beta Thalassemia và Alpha Thalassemia lần lượt chiếm 67.7% và 36.0%. Có mối tương quan giữa Hemoglobin với Ferritin huyết thanh, độ bão hoà Transferin. Kết luận: BN thể bệnh Beta Thalassemia/HbE, Beta Thalassemia và Alpha Thalassemia có chỉ định truyền máu lần lượt có tỉ lệ 93.7%, 67.7% và 36.0%. Có mối tương quan giữa Hemoglobin với Ferritin huyết thanh, độ bão hoà Transferin.
Kết quả điều trị gãy mâm chày bằng nẹp vít khóa tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Thống Nhất tỉnh Đồng Nai
Authors: Ngô Đăng Hoan Ngô Đăng Hoan , Trần Văn Khiêm Trần Văn Khiêm , Trần Chí Hậu Trần Chí Hậu , Tăng Khánh Hậu Tăng Khánh Hậu
Published: January 2025

Đặt vấn đề: Gãy mâm chày là loại gãy xương cho tới hiện nay vẫn có nhiều khó khăn trong điều trị và phẫu thuật. Hiện nay, kỹ thuật xâm lấn tối thiểu được sử dụng phổ biến ở các nước phát triển và đã có báo cáo về kết quả tốt. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Nhằm đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật kết hợp xương mâm chày bằng nẹp vít khóa với đường mổ ít xâm lấn và mối liên quan kết quả điều trị với: Tuổi, giới, thời gian phẫu thuật, mức độ gãy xương theo Schatzker. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu tiến cứu, hồi cứu, mô tả cắt ngang. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ liền xương tốt 59 ca (chiếm 98.3%). Tỷ lệ kết quả phục hồi chức năng rất tốt gặp 26 ca (43.3%), tốt gặp 27 ca (45%), trung bình 5 ca (10%) gặp 2 trường hợp kết quả xấu (3.3%). Không gặp trường hợp nào bị tai biến, tỷ lệ không có biến chứng là 53 ca chiếm 88.3%. Kết luận: Tỷ lệ rất tốt và tốt đạt 88.3%. Có mối liên quan thời gian phẫu thuật, tuổi, phân loại theo Shatzker và kết quả điều trị: lớn tuổi, thời gian phẫu thuật dài và gãy phức tạp mang lại kết quả kém hơn.
Kết quả sử dụng vạt da động mạch mu bàn chân ngón một ngược dòng che phủ khuyết hổng phần mềm vùng ngón chân
Authors: Nguyễn Quốc Lữ Nguyễn Quốc Lữ , Nguyễn Tá Úy Nguyễn Tá Úy , Đinh Thiên Vương Đinh Thiên Vương , Nguyễn Đăng Vững Nguyễn Đăng Vững
Published: January 2025

Đặt vấn đề: Điều trị khuyết hổng da và mô mềm phần xa bàn chân vẫn còn là vấn đề khó khăn và thách thức đối với các phẫu thuật viên tạo hình và chấn thương chỉnh hình. Các khuyết hổng ở đầu xa các ngón chân cần vạt da có mạch máu che phủ. Vạt tự do là một lựa chọn tối ưu trong các trường này. Tuy nhiên, việc sử dụng thay thế bằng các vạt nhánh xuyên giúp phẫu thuật viên có thể tránh được các bất lợi liên quan đến chuyển vạt vi phẫu. Vạt da động mạch mu chân ngón 1 ngược dòng là một lựa chọn nằm trong số đó. Mục đích bài báo cáo này nhằm chia sẻ những kinh nghiệm trong việc sử dụng vạt da động mạch mu chân ngón 1 ngược dòng che phủ các khuyết hổng vùng bàn ngón chân tại Bệnh viện Đa Khoa Thống Nhất tỉnh Đồng Nai. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Kết quả sử dụng vạt da động mạch mu bàn ngón 1 ngược dòng che phủ khuyết hổng phần mềm vùng bàn ngón chân. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Bệnh nhân có khuyết hổng phần mềm vùng bàn ngón chân, mô tả hàng loạt ca. Kết quả: Theo Orberlin C. Kết quả gần: tốt chiếm 87%, khá 13% không có kết quả kém và thất bại. Kết quả xa: tốt chiếm 100% không có trường hợp nào thất bại. Kết luận: Việc sử dụng vạt da động mạch mu bàn ngón 1 ngược dòng che phủ khuyết hổng phần mềm vùng bàn ngón chân cho thấy hiệu quả tối ưu và phục hồi chức năng tốt.
Đánh giá tuân thủ quy trình tiêm tĩnh mạch an toàn của điều dưỡng, hộ sinh tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Thống Nhất tỉnh Đồng Nai năm 2024
Authors: Trần Thanh Bích Phượng Trần Thanh Bích Phượng , Nguyễn Đỗ Thị Ngân Trang Nguyễn Đỗ Thị Ngân Trang
Published: January 2025

Đặt vấn đề: Tiêm tĩnh mạch là một trong những kỹ thuật điều dưỡng (ĐD) quan trọng và phổ biến tại các cơ sở y tế. Tiêm không đúng kỹ thuật có thể gây ra những nguy cơ: Chứng liệt thần kinh, sốc phản vệ và đặc biệt là những nguy cơ lây truyền các virus qua đường máu cho cả người tiêm, người được tiêm và cộng đồng. Mục tiêu: Đánh giá sự tuân thủ quy trình tiêm tĩnh mạch an toàn của ĐD và yếu tố liên quan tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Thống Nhất Đồng Nai năm 2024. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô tả cắt ngang được thực hiện trên 240 điều dưỡng, hộ sinh tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Thống Nhất Đồng Nai từ ngày 01/4/2024 đến ngày 30/09/2024. Kết quả: Trong 240 điều dưỡng - hộ sinh được giám sát về việc tuân thủ quy trình tiêm tĩnh mạch an toàn có 153 ĐD thực hiện đạt (63.8%), 87 ĐD không đạt (36.2%). Số lượng bệnh nhân chăm sóc trong một ngày của điều dưỡng liên quan đến tuân thủ quy trình tiêm tĩnh mạch an toàn có ý nghĩa thống kê (P = 0.000). Kết luận: Việc tuân thủ quy trình kỹ thuật còn thấp (63.8%). Giới tính, độ tuổi, trình độ chuyên môn không có ảnh hưởng đến việc tuân thủ quy trình kỹ thuật. Số lượng bệnh nhân chăm sóc trong ngày quá nhiều sẽ ảnh hưởng đến việc tuân thủ quy trình kỹ thuật.
Old galaxies in the early universe
Authors: McGaugh Stacy
Published: January 2025

Continuing our discussion of galaxy formation and evolution in the age of JWST, we saw previously that there appears to be a population of galaxies that grew rapidly in the early universe, attaining stellar masses like those expected in a traditional monolithic model for a giant elliptical galaxy rather than a conventional hierarchical model that builds up gradually through many mergers.
The unspoilt country where an elephant knocked on my door
Authors: Frey Erzsebet
Published: January 2025

Tourists and travelers often look for unexplored and untouched destinations. It’s the thrill of experiencing something truly unique that drives us to these places. The unspoilt country, which I recently had the pleasure of visiting, is one such hidden gem. Imagine waking up to the astounding beauty of raw nature, with the unexpected surprise of having a gentle giant, an elephant, knocking on your doorstep.
The path of the Republic of Serbia into the global raspberry marketing channel
Authors: Radosavljević Katica
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study is to propose an efficient structure of raspberry marketing channels in both domestic and international markets, considering the modern agribusiness system of the French company Roger Descours Group, which has a subsidiary, Frucom food doo, in Serbia. Concurrently, it highlights the changes that have occurred in the marketing channel structure, significant for future traffic operations and new opportunities arising from market conditions. Through an analysis of the specifics of raspberry production and marketing channels and utilizing multiple linear regression of raspberry production and exports from the Republic of Serbia, as well as raspberry exports from Frucom Food doo, the possible means of creating a competitive advantage in the global market will be demonstrated. The primary objective of this study is to identify key directions for the future development of international raspberry placement from the Republic of Serbia, assess potential constraints in this domain, and propose basic measures and activities to enhance the competitiveness of agricultural and food exports in foreign markets. Only a capable food industry with secure agribusiness systems as market entities can guarantee production security on farmers' estates. The level of development of raspberry distribution channels can be identified by applying the quantitative method of linear regression to assess the dependent variable (quantity of raspberries exported from the Republic of Serbia) using independent variables (total quantity of raspberries produced in the Republic of Serbia, raspberry exports from the Frucom food doo cold storage).
Exploring the Middle East as a market for Serbia's defense industry
Authors: Stanojević Nataša
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this research is to explore the Middle East as a promising market for the Serbian industry of weapons and military equipment. The first step is building the empirical model by estimating the impact of relevant economic and political factors on Serbian military exports. The model utilized annual data over the period 2010-2021. The independent variables refer to military spending and military imports of all importing partners of Serbia in this industry, standard geographical factors, and, more importantly for the targeted Middle East region, the impact of traditional political and trade relations inherited from the former Yugoslavia. The coefficients obtained show a strong influence of traditional military export ties and the total military imports of partner countries. Although post-Yugoslav Serbia has acquired new export markets in the East, and even more so in the West, the most important markets are still the countries of the Middle East and North Africa. The application of the obtained coefficients on the countries of this region indicated four groups of markets in this region, regarding combinations between high and low realized and calculated potential exports. The results indicate the special importance of the markets of Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Iraq, the UAE, and Algeria.
Critical overview of the mega events legacy and directions for upcoming world exhibitions (EXPO)
Authors: Kovačević Igor , Petković Goran , Zečević Bojan , Dorey Amy
Published: January 2025

Mega events are changing host destinations in various aspects since they became a strong business-oriented eco-system that creates a strong legacy impact on the host destination. The paper provides an extensive literature review of the legacy concept in the meetings and events industry, research if after organizing a mega event there is always a legacy that remains for the hosting destination, and research in what directions legacy should be managed. Unfortunately, due to an inconsistent approach to measuring and reporting, it is not possible to compare the success of previous EXPOs. That is the reason why host destination should develop their own approach based on the entire urban development strategy and destination management development strategy, where EXPO is only one important milestone to reach. Special focus has been given to the EXPO financial cost-benefit impacts analysis for the period 2010-2021. Based on the extensive literature review, in the process of understanding and implementing the EXPO legacy framework, there are three major legacy areas identified: destination marketing and branding, urban development and urbanization process, and monitoring and measuring economic impact. Available funds for destination marketing should be joined from the public and private sectors in order to reach a long-lasting and sustainable brand and image of a destination. A customized economic impact model needs to be based on the macro-economic data that has been monitored for at least 10 years, on the local, regional and national levels, while the destination should have a clear urban development strategy, in which EXPO is an important milestone to reach.
Social media as determinant of green products purchase: The moderating role of green concern
Authors: Filipović Jovana , Šapić Srđan , Zdravković Stefan
Published: January 2025

This study aims to elucidate the relationship between various dimensions of social media and consumer behavior in the context of purchasing green products. By extending knowledge in the fields of sustainability and social media marketing, this research proposes a comprehensive model that integrates variables such as social media customer experience, green word-of-mouth (WOM), and greenwashing. Specifically, the research seeks to differentiate this relationship within the framework of local versus global green products, providing novel insights to the existing literature. The empirical investigation was conducted through a survey methodology, with hypotheses defined and data analysis performed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), reliability analysis via Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, and structural equation modeling (SEM) in IBM SPSS and AMOS software. The results indicate that consumer experience on social media and green WOM positively influence attitudes toward the purchase of both global and local green products, while greenwashing exerts a negative influence only on attitudes toward local green products. Additionally, the study found that green concern positively moderates the relationship between social media customer experience and green WOM with consumers' attitudes toward both local and global green products. Conversely, green concern negatively moderates the relationship between greenwashing and consumer attitudes toward the purchase of local products. The primary contribution of this research lies in its examination of the relationship between various social media dimensions and consumer behavior toward green products, analyzed from the perspective of both local and global companies in a developing country, specifically the Republic of Serbia.
Elevated troponin levels in an athlete: Myocardial infarction or a physiological reaction?
Authors: Janković Tamara , Đorđević Stefan
Published: January 2025

Introduction/Objective Measuring blood troponin levels is a fundamental laboratory analysis for every patient with chest pain and other non-specific complaints associated with the onset of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Although increased blood troponin levels are a precise indicator of AMI, their values can also be elevated in other acute heart diseases. It has been recorded for years that intense physical activity is also linked to the release of troponin, even though the pathophysiological mechanism had not yet been described. This paper aims to present the case of a patient who had collapsed in a public setting during physical activity and was taken to the hospital with the suspicion of having an AMI. However, even though lab analyses detected high blood troponin levels, AMI was ruled out by heart ECHO and coronary angiography. Patient report A 45-year-old patient was a professional athlete who had collapsed after an 8 km run and briefly lost consciousness. He denied experiencing chest pain, difficulty breathing, palpitations, headaches, or dizziness in the moments preceding the event. His ECG showed sinus rhythm, his heart rate was 61/min, and the cardiac axis had not shifted, but he did have an inverted T wave in V1 and a hyperacute T wave in V3. He was taken to the hospital by ambulance, where the laboratory results showed increased levels of troponin I. During hospitalisation, acute coronary syndrome (ACS) was excluded, as well as structural heart disease with heart ECHO, and no arrhythmias were recorded. The conclusion was drawn that the elevated troponin levels were most likely the result of intense physical activity. Conclusion Medical work in the field raises its own diagnostic doubts. Any type of chest pain or other symptoms that may point to a possible acute coronary syndrome require special attention from the emergency physician. Emergency physicians must also be acquainted with the vast pathology of potential consequences of strenuous physical activity, both in professional and non-professional athletes.
Awareness and perception of genetically modified maize crops among farmers in Abia State, Nigeria
Authors: Obiageri Oparaojiaku , Uzoma Izuogu , Ikpeoha Kakie , Martha Ekweanya , Amah Okorie , Ekunyi Umeh
Published: January 2025

The study ascertained maize farmers' awareness and perception of genetically modified crops in Abia State, Nigeria. One hundred and eighty-four respondents were selected for the survey using a multi-stage sampling procedure. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire and analysed with percentages, means and regression analysis. Majority (67.4%) of the farmers are not aware of genetically modified maize crops and the crops are not in adequate supply (x̄=1.5). Maize farmers perception of GMO crops is not very favourble (x̄=2.4). Among the perceived constraints in cultivating these crops were the difficulty of selling them in the market (x̄=3.4), threat of the negative influence of climate change on the expected yield (x̄=3.2), and the likelihood that these crops may require much inputs, like fertilizer and herbicides (x̄=2.8). Age (b=1.023), previous experience with improved crop varieties (b=2.112) and internet access (b=2.317) had a positive influence on farmers' perception but the number of household members with a tertiary school degree (b=-0.721) had a negative influence. More awareness of genetically modified maize crops should be created to enable farmers make informed decisions in line with their perception of the crops. Extension services should be adequately funded to achieve this.
Change in seed viability of commercial maize hybrids during storage
Authors: Perić Sanja , Stevanović Milan , Mladenović Marko , Popović Aleksandar , Kovačević Aleksandar , Grčić Nikola
Published: January 2025

The production and processing of commercial seeds place significant emphasis on seed quality, with germination rates being a critical determinant of market performance. A major challenge in corn seed production and processing is maintaining optimal storage conditions to preserve germination and vigor over time. In the Republic of Serbia, certified corn seeds must adhere to specific germination standards as outlined by regulatory guidelines. Given that germination rates decline during storage, routine germination testing at accredited laboratories is imperative. The aim of this study is to evaluate the changes in total germination and vigor of certified hybrid corn seed over a five-year period. Annual germination tests were conducted from 2018 to 2022 for three commercial maize hybrids (ZP 704, ZP 873, and ZP 600). The standard "between the paper" germination test was utilized, and results for each hybrid were reported as averages from the tested lots. Initial testing conducted in 2018 revealed the highest average values for total germination and vigor across three hybrids: ZP 704 (98.8%/98.8%), ZP 873 (100%/100%), and ZP 600 (98.3%/98.3%). By 2020, a slight decrease in both germination and vigor was observed for all hybrids, with equal values for germination energy and total germination. By the end of the study in 2022, the average total germination for all hybrids remained above 90%, specifically ZP 704 (93.7%), ZP 873 (94%), and ZP 600 (96%). Notably, while the vigor of hybrids ZP 704 (92.7%) and ZP 873 (88%) was lower than their total germination rates, hybrid ZP 600 demonstrated consistent results, with both total germination and vigor at 96%. The findings indicate that seed storage conditions were in accordance with regulations, as evidenced by acceptable overall germination rates for all hybrids at the end of the test period.
Advantages of more stressful cold test procedure for evaluation of maize seed vigour
Authors: Milivojević Marija , Branković-Radojčić Dragana , Vukadinović Radmila , Poštić Dobrivoj , Popović Aleksandar , Petrović Tanja
Published: January 2025

Cold test (CT) is the oldest vigour test, which is widely used for testing maize seed. CT has not been validated and it is not included in the ISTA Rules, due to the variations in the soil used as a substrate and differences in test procedures. The objective of this study was to compare two CT procedures by evaluation the seed vigour of 12 maize seed lots. Soil was used in both cases with differences in chilling temperature (10 °C in standard and 7.5 °C in severe CT). Also duration of low temperatures was prolonged from 7 (standard CT) to 10 days (severe CT). Germination at optimal conditions were the same (7 days at 20<=>30°C). Statistical analysis showed that seed lots differed significantly in seed vigour. The application of severe CT created larger differences between lots, but they maintained similar rank positions in both CT procedures, leading to a very high rank correlation. Results of this research show that standard CT is a good indicator of maize seed vigour, but severe CT is useful for clearer differentiation of maize seed lots.
Genetic divergence of hot pepper lines (Capsicum spp.) in hybrid combinations
Authors: Šević Biljana , Cvikić Dejan , Slađana Savić , Tupajić Ivan , Ugirnović Milan , Bajagić Marija , Luković Kristina , Stojiljković Jelena
Published: January 2025

Breeding programs for developing new genotypes emphasize earliness, fruit quality, yield potential, resistance to economically significant diseases, tolerance to abiotic stress, and plant morphology. Hybrids offer numerous advantages over varieties, including higher yields, fruit uniformity, resistance to plant pathogens, and the manifestation of heterosis. These are the primary reasons for initiating research on hybrid combinations of hot peppers. This study aimed to develop a hybrid hot pepper capable of meeting market demands. Seven experimental pepper hybrids were created by crossing the ms line HM5 (nuclear male sterility) as the female parent with seven pure lines (LHP 1-7) as the male parents, producing seeds of hybrid combinations. In 2023, a randomized block design experiment with three replications of 40 plants each was conducted in a greenhouse at the Institute for Vegetable Crops Smederevska Palanka. Harvesting was performed at the technological maturity stage. The most important morphological fruit traits and dry matter content (DMC) were analyzed on 10 fruits (kapya type) from each hybrid combination. The results revealed that hybrid combinations had a statistically significant impact on parameters such as fruit weight, length, width, pericarp thickness and DMC. The hybrid HM5xLHP6 showed the highest fruit weight (119.70 g), HM5xLHP4 exhibited the longest fruit (18.26 cm), while HM5xLHP1 and HM5xLHP3 demonstrated the largest fruit width (6.02 cm) and pericarp thickness (5.2 mm) respectively. High DMC values were recorded for HM5xLHP7 and HM5xLHP5 (10.5% and 9.40%). The number of fruits per plant (11.40-16.80) and the number of chambers (2) were consistent across hybrids, with no statistically significant differences observed. By comparing market-available varieties with hybrids, which are still limited in number, the results of this study highlight the superiority of hybrids for cultivation in greenhouse. Hybrids demonstrated justified economic effects for both fresh consumption and industrial processing.
Plant breeders' rights
Authors: Lončar Gordana
Published: January 2025

A plant breeder's right is a form of intellectual property specifically created for plant varieties. The Convention of the International Union for the Protection of New Plant Varieties (UPOV), adopted in 1991, is a document that sets international standards for the protection of intellectual property on plant varieties. By acceding to this Convention, Serbia decided to respect its principles, and accordingly adopted a harmonized Law on the Protection of Plant Breeders Rights. The principles contained in the text of the Convention are the only binding ones for the members of the Union. In order to determine the guidelines for the understanding of certain provisions of the Charter of the Convention, a series of explanatory documents was adopted through the negotiations of the members with the active role of observers represented by representatives of breeders and producers. This paper presents Explanatory Notes which explain the provisions of the Convention concerning the scope of rights. The conditions and restrictions that can be set by the breeder with regard to using of reproductive material of the variety are listed. Then, directions to understand articles on compulsory and optional exceptions to the breeders rights were presented. The UPOV Convention does not provide a definition of propagated material nor harvested material. In order to better understand what could be considered as propagating material under the 1991 Act of the UPOV Convention, the list of non-exhaustive examples of factors that have been considered by members of the Union in relation to whether material is propagating is given in the paper. As far as the harvested material is concerned, a clarification is given when it can be concidered propagative material. In this connection the expressions: "reasonable opportunity" "unauthorized use" are also clarified. Finally, as a significant part of the scope of rights, the provision on the exhaustion of rights was presented. After having presented the main provisions of the Convention on the scope of plant breedes right, it is emphasized that this protection system provides opportunities to fulfill the goals that breeders strive for: to engage in further work on the creation of new varieties. It is necessary for persons who create new varieties and persons who use them to become aware of the existence of intellectual property when thinking about varieties The author is suggesting that in order to use the plant breeders rights successfully it is important to understand the nature and the scope of these rights.
Consent to tattooing
Authors: Radulović Srđan
Published: January 2025

Bearing in mind the five-thousand-year long tradition, tattooing is considered to be one of the oldest art forms. Due to the gradual development of new techniques, materials, styles and approaches aimed at resolving even the most difficult technical problems, tattooing has became a highly appreciated form of self-expression for tattoo artists and proud owners of tattoos alike. However, there is a number of legal issues associated with tattooing. Copyright restrictions, health and safety concerns, licensing and even discrimination issues (to name just a few) have drawn special attention of legislators and legal experts. From the legal standpoint, the central question or a cluster of questions (to be precise) revolves around the consent to tattooing. Numerous issues related to personal autonomy arise at the moment when autonomy is expressed through consent, and the most important one is certainly the issue of capacity for self-expression. In the Republic of Serbia, there is no adequate or, at least, sufficiently precise normative framework on tattooing practices. In this article, relying on different analytical and normative method techniques, the author presents the dilemmas and discusses the different aspects of capacity to express personal autonomy by consenting to being tattooed.
Public utility fees as own revenues of local self-government units in the territory of Autonomous Province of Vojvodina
Authors: Cvetković-Ivetić Cvjetana , Baturan Luka
Published: January 2025

The process of fiscal decentralization, as a typical feature of contemporary societies, implies the transfer of public functions and public revenues from higher to lower levels of authorities in order to ensure the financing of the transferred functions. The trend of fiscal decentralization has created the increased need for own revenues of local self-government units. The rates of these revenues are determined by local authorities, either independently or in line with the statutory limits. In the Republic of Serbia, own revenues of local self-government unit include different local public utility fees. In this paper, the authors deal with the financial autonomy of local self-government units observed through the lens of local public utility fees, (i.e. their yields), whereby the research will be limited only to the local self-government units in the territory of Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The authors will also attempt to determine the factors that affect the rates and abundance of these revenues of local self-government units.
Challenges in exercising the right to annual leave for workers on long-term sick leave in the Republic of Croatia
Authors: Bjelić-Gaćeša Dragana
Published: January 2025

The right to paid annual leave is one of the fundamental rights in the employment relationship. As such, it is incorporated in a number of legal acts, both at the international and regional, as well as at the national levels. The purpose of this right is to enable the workers to rest from physical and/or mental work, to enable them to enjoy relaxation and leisure in order to restore their working abilities. In accordance with the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), the right to paid annual leave is a particularly important principle of the Community social law; thus, it must be granted to every worker regardless of his/her health status. However, in the Republic of Croatia, the workers who have been on long-term sick leave may face significant difficulties in exercising their right to paid annual leave after returning to work. Pursuant to Article 84 of the applicable Croatian Labour Act, on carrying over the annual leave to the next calendar year, a worker who, due to illness, does not use annual leave in full or in part in the calendar year in which it was earned, is entitled to use it upon returning to work, but no later than 30 June of the following calendar year. The question arises how a worker who has spent two, three or more years on long-term sick leave will fit into this provision. Will this legal solution deprive the worker of the right to paid annual leave? The aim of the paper is to analyse the relevant provisions of the Croatian positive law concerning the right to paid annual leave and the possibility of transfer it to it to the next calendar year over, to correlation them with the relevant European directives and judgments of the Court of Justice of the EU, to draw conclusions on their compliance with EU law, and discuss their impact on the position of workers and employers in the Republic of Croatia.
Has public policy-making become a fully-fledged function of public administration in the Republic of Serbia?
Authors: Atanasijević Jasna , Vučetić Dejan
Published: January 2025

This paper examines the role of public policy-making by public administration in Serbia as one of the fundamental functions of public administration. By analyzing the normative framework and its application, the paper explores its historical development and advancement in recent decades. A set of regulations from 2018, including the Planning System Act and accompanying bylaws on the policy-making methodology, have laid the foundation for modern, evidence-based public policy in Serbia. Using qualitative methods, including normative-dogmatic and document analysis, the authors review the developments thus far and provide recommendations for further strengthening of this function of public administration in Serbia.
Analysis of Online Academic Writing Tools Usage among Postgraduate Students in North-west Nigeria
Authors: Yakubu Muhammad Auwal , Sain Zohaib Hassan , Lawal Uthman Shehu , Budiman Septian Arief , Permana Dian
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the usage of online academic writing tools and reference management software among postgraduate students in North-west Nigeria. A descriptive survey design was employed, with a sample of 420 doctoral students from four regional universities. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings reveal that Google Docs and Authorea are the most widely used online tools for academic writing and collaboration, followed by Overleaf and OneNote. Surprisingly, Microsoft Office 365 showed lower adoption rates. Regarding reference management software, Mendeley and Zotero emerged as the clear favourites, with EndNote and Citavi also showing significant usage. Statistical analysis indicated significant differences in the use of online tools for academic writing and collaboration and the types of reference management software used among postgraduate students. These differences could be attributed to individual preferences, institutional recommendations, or varying levels of technological literacy. The study contributes to understanding digital literacy and technology adoption in higher education in developing countries. It provides valuable insights for educational institutions, policymakers, and software developers to support postgraduate students' academic endeavours. Recommendations include implementing digital literacy programs and developing standardized sets of recommended tools to enhance research productivity and collaboration among doctoral students in North-west Nigeria.
Verso y rima en Así que pasen cinco años, de Federico García Lorca
Authors: Utrera Torremocha María Victoria
Published: January 2025

Este trabajo analiza la métrica de Así que pasen cinco años, de Federico García Lorca, centrándose especialmente en los valores rítmicos y semánticos de la rima y en las formulaciones dobles y de contraste de cantinelas, canciones y romances. Los procedimientos métricos tienen una clara correspondencia con las dualidades antitéticas y/o complementarias que caracterizan la acción dramática y los grupos de personajes de la obra.
Miguel Ángel Márquez, El endecasílabo garcilasiano, Madrid, Sial/Trivium, 2022.
Authors: Frau Juan
Published: January 2025

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National Consensus Guidance for Management of Refractory Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Lee Hyung-Soo , Chung Hye Yoon , Kim Seung Woo , Sohn Eunhee , Nam Tai-Seung , Shin Kyong Jin , Kang Sa-Yoon , Kim Hyunjin , Park Jin-Sung , Yoon Byeol-A , Seok Hung Youl , Bong Jeong Bin , Jung Yeon-Kyung , Hong Yoon-Ho , Shin Ha Young
Published: January 2025

Background: Despite advances in treatment, 10-15% of the patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) are refractory to convention therapies, have severe disease, and are more likely to experience frequent clinical exacerbation. Although various new treatments have been developed, the evidence regarding their applicability to refractory MG remains unclear. Additionally, most of these new treatments are not yet available in Korea. Thus, we aimed to develop the consensus guidance regarding the management of patients with refractory MG.Methods: The Korean Society of Neuroimmunology formed a task force consisting of 11 experts and adopted the RAND/UCLA appropriateness methodology to develop national consensus guidance for management of refractory MG. The standard therapy for MG was first defined. Following a thorough review of the literature, initial guidance statements on five key topics were developed. Two rounds of anonymous voting were conducted to reach consensus on the guidance statements, with modifications made based on panel input.Results: Comprehensive guidance statements were developed covering definition, treatment goal and treatment of refractory MG. In addition, specific treatment strategies for acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive MG and muscle-specific tyrosine kinase antibody-positive MG were covered.Conclusion: This guidance represents a national consensus of experts and was developed as a valuable resource for clinicians managing Korean adult patients with refractory MG.
Temporal Association between Thymoma Recurrence and Exacerbation of Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Oh Byeong Cheol , Shin Ha Young , Yang Young Ho , Kim Seung Woo
Published: January 2025

Background: This study investigates the potential link between myasthenia gravis (MG) exacerbation and thymoma recurrence in patients with thymoma-associated MG (TAMG).Methods: We conducted a retrospective medical record analysis at Severance Hospital. Baseline clinical feature of MG, initial histological features, and severity of MG were recorded. Based on the change in MG activities of daily living (ADL) score and MG-spsecific treatments, patients' MG status was assessed over the 2-year period around thymoma recurrence, and was classified into three categories: improved, unchanged, and worse.Results: Of the 178 patients with TAMG, 18 (10.1%) experienced recurrence of thymoma. Mean age at initial thymectomy and at thymoma recurrence was 44.1±9.4 and 48.8±9.1 years, respectively. At the point of thymoma recurrence, myasthenia gravis foundation of America post-intervention status was complete stable remission in four (22.2%), pharmacologic remission in five (27.8%), minimal manifestation in five (27.8%), improved in two (11.1%), and unchanged in two (11.1%) patients. Median MG ADL score was 0.0 (interquartile range [Q1-Q3], 0.0-1.8). During 1-year period before recurrence of thymoma, three patients experienced worsening, probably associated with infection and discontinuation of medication. During the 1-year period after the recurrence, four patients experienced worsening after the second thymectomy.Conclusion: MG worsened in 16.7% and 22.2% of the patients before and after thymoma recurrence, respectively. Exacerbation of MG in cases of thymoma recurrence seems more likely to result from known risk factors, including infection, general anesthesia, or discontinuation of medication, rather than from the recurrence of thymoma itself.
Introduction and Use of Technology Applications to Improve Student Learning at SMP Negeri 3 Siborongborong
Authors: Rekolina Siahaan  , Novita C. Hutabarat
Published: January 2025

The use of technology in education has become a necessity in the current digital era. Especially for junior high school students, it is important to understand and utilize technology applications effectively in the learning process. This community service aims to develop a community service program that focuses on introducing and utilizing technology applications to improve junior high school students' learning. Methods for developing this program include literature study, field observations, and direct interaction with junior high school students and teachers. This community service program is designed to provide middle school students with an in-depth understanding of various technology applications that are relevant to their learning. Apart from that, this program also aims to train students in using these applications productively and creatively in a learning context. An interactive and participatory approach is implemented at every stage of the program, so that students not only become passive consumers of technology, but also become producers of educational content. Initial evaluation results show a positive response from students and teachers to this program. Students reported increased interest and motivation in learning, as well as increased understanding of subject matter through the use of technology applications. Meanwhile, teachers reported positive changes in student participation and involvement in the learning process. Thus, it is hoped that this community service program can become an effective model in introducing and utilizing technology applications to improve junior high school students' learning. The practical implication of this program is that there is an increase in students' digital skills and an increase in the quality of learning in the school environment.
Helping MSMEs Use The Marketplace
Authors: Ratih Kusumastuti  , Rika Riwayatiningsih  , Ekbal Santoso  , Syamsu Rijal  , Nuridha Matiin  , Azhar Ibrahim
Published: January 2025

To support the government's efforts to encourage the adoption of digital technology for MSMEs to adapt to consumer behavior in the current digital era, Community Service activities are carried out through the distribution of training and training in the market via the market education website. The aim of this activity is to increase the knowledge and skills of MSME players so that they can sell and market their goods using the current marketplace platform. This community service activity is carried out online using the Zoom application. The implementation method consists of three stages: planning, implementation, and evaluation. The socialization of marketplace training presentations to 25 MSME participants in the Bandung Regency area was carried out through the Marketplace Education website. The expected result of this socialization is that MSME players will gain better knowledge and skills through market-related training available through the market education website. The results of completing the questionnaire by twenty MSME actors involved as respondents showed that 85% of participants really needed it and 15% needed to take further training to increase their knowledge and abilities about the market. This activity increases the knowledge of MSME players about how to create marketing strategies and display products that attract consumer interest in the market.
Increasing The Competitiveness Of Food MSMEs Through Diversification, Innovation, And Creativity, In Gemah District, Semarang City
Authors: Nurchayati Nurchayati  , Sukardi Sukardi  , Suparmi Suparmi  , Hikmah Hikmah  , Tri Ratnawati Andalan
Published: January 2025

This community service aims to increase the competitiveness of cassava-based food MSMEs in Gemah Village through innovation, diversification, and creativity approaches. In this effort, training is carried out to diversify products and encourage innovation and creativity in the presentation of traditional foods. The training also covers digital marketing and branding strategies to increase product visibility online.  It is hoped that through these concrete steps, food MSMEs in Gemah Village can optimize the potential of local raw materials, create diverse products, and increase competitiveness in an increasingly tight market. The sustainability of this business will be maintained through community networks and ongoing support, making a positive contribution to local economic growth and the welfare of the Gemah Village community.
Strengthening Digital Literacy and Internet Security Awareness for Sisingamngaraja XII Tapanuli University Students: Building Sustainable Policies and Practices in Higher Education Environments
Authors: Rekolina Siahaan  , Response C. Tampubolon
Published: January 2025

In the ever-growing digital era, digital literacy and internet security awareness have become essential for students in facing the complex challenges of the digital world. This research aims to develop community service that focuses on strengthening digital literacy and internet security awareness in higher education environments. Through a collaborative approach between students, lecturers and campus administration, this program aims to build sustainable policies and practices to strengthen digital literacy and internet security awareness. Using a participatory methodology, the program engages students in a series of activities such as workshops, training and social campaigns to increase their understanding of key issues in digital literacy and internet security. Apart from that, this program also involves lecturers and campus administration in designing policies that support the integration of digital literacy in the academic curriculum and facilitate student access to relevant resources. It is hoped that the results of this program will create an educational environment that is safer and more responsive to digital challenges, so that students can become smarter and more responsible internet users. In addition, the experience gained from this program can become a basis for the development of similar initiatives in various higher education institutions, which will ultimately make a positive contribution to society as a whole in facing the ever-evolving digital era.
Student Service Learning in Community-University Partnership Program to Learn Traditional Thai Food in Tambon Pa Khat Chang Wat, Songkla-Thailand
Authors: Rendi Putra Atmaja  , Icha Hermana Putri  , Syarifah Karfina  , Muhammad Andra Maulana  , Tubel Agusven
Published: January 2025

Thappaya Park is one of the galleries that tourists can visit, precisely in Tambon Pa Khat Chang Wat, Songkla, Thailand. Thappaya Park is managed by Khun Nong-Naphas Rattanachart, wife of Khun Chanwit Rattanachart, the owner of the park who is the adopted daughter of General Aprem Tinsulanonda, former President of the Advisory Council. The aim of establishing Thappaya Park is that apart from selling various traditional foods, the Giant Bee Gallery also aims to provide better and broader knowledge. This service activity was carried out on October 28 2024 and was attended by a service team of 21 students along with 2 accompanying lecturers.  The method of implementing this service activity is carried out through several stages, namely initial and preparatory activities, implementation of activities, and evaluation of activities. The result of this service activity is that the service team was able to learn a lot about traditional Thai food and how to make and serve it. The types of traditional food available at Thappaya Park consist of Nasi Kerabu (Sushi Khao Yam) and Palm Sugar Cake.