bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tertiary EFL Female and Male Students’ Perception in Speaking Class: Gender-based Violence Issue
Authors: Dewi Puspita , Yuliatin Riyana Rizki , Sari Dian Eka
Published: February 2024

Exploring how stories of gender-based violence boost students’ speaking. This article focuses on student’s experiences and captures phenomena of gender inequality, including sexual violence and domestic violence in the that may affect speaking . This study was implemented in the second semester for English literature students. The topic of gender violence was discussed in 14 meetings  to tell stories related to gender issues. This research results show that females and males have different perspectives the implementation of gender-based context in speaking class. The majority of females excited in learning English through social issues, particularly on gender violence matters. However, males prefer to discuss other topics relevant to males’ issues, and the learners do not really enjoy discussing the topics provided. All respondents agree that gender-based violence can boost students’ motivation in speaking and their critical thinking because the learners were encouraged to tell stories experience-based, and the pupils more aware violence. This contributes to a new insight for education field in distinguish two different perceptions for two sexes, particularly for educators, educational experts, and relevant stakeholders. Thereby, they can try to implement gender topics in teaching and learning process.
English Derivational and Inflectional Morphemes of the Authentic-Recount Text
Authors: Anisa Fajriati  , Senowarsito  , Ardini Sukma Nur
Published: February 2024

Some first-grade students of SMKN 1 Pemalang still have difficulties in arranging words when they produce texts. Vocational students generally focus more on their vocations such as computer network engineering, visual communication design, etc. This impacts their ability to string words in English related to applying derivational and inflectional morphemes because they are meaningful in composing sentences according to their meaning and function. So, this research aimed to discover the types and errors of derivational and inflectional morphemes found in the authentic-recount texts made by vocational students. Fromkin’s theory was used to analyze data using descriptive qualitative method. It revealed 5 types of derivational and 3 types of inflectional morphemes were used by students when creating authentic-recount texts. Additionally, learners still make errors in applying those morphemes into sentences of the recount texts with a total of 38 errors, including 5 derivational morphemes and 33 inflectional morphemes. Thus, students are required to understand more about the function and meaning of words before constructing sentences because it plays a significant part in writing English texts. Further researchers are advised to conduct deeper research that focuses on reconstructing sentences, especially in implementing suffixes or other materials which are included in morphology subject.
Integrating Religious Moderation Values in an English Course Book
Authors: Andriani Fenty , Puspitasari Desi
Published: February 2024

This study aims to offer such an alternative to the lack of suitable materials that it addresses the need for comprehensive educational resources by focusing on the development of an English course book integrated with religious moderation indicators. The steps in this research were generally known as the R&D cycle developed by Borg and Gall. They were research and information collecting, planning, development of the preliminary form of the product, preliminary field test, main product revision, main field testing, operational product revision, operational field test, and final product revision. Throughout the research process, the course book is able to provide instructional sentences in English that serves as scaffolding talk for instructors who may not be accustomed to using English in the classroom. This approach fosters an active and dynamic English language environment, offering valuable language input for students. The content and learning experiences of all chapters are organized in such a way that they are integrated with religious moderation indicators covering national commitment, tolerance, rejecting of violence, and accommodating local culture. Each chapter of the course book consists of six parts, starting from let’s find out, let’s listen, let’s speak, let’s read, let’s write, and let’s evaluate. Overall, the English course book developed does not only encompass comprehensive English skills and language components but also align with the interests and needs of students while integrating values of religious moderation.
Students’ Critical Thinking on Reading Comprehension Based on Contextual Reading Material: An Experimental Study
Authors: Pratama Aryawira , Putri Regita Riani , Fitrah Yundi
Published: February 2024

In this article, the researchers delve into the paramount role that critical thinking plays in the realm of reading comprehension, particularly for eighth-grader students who learned English in one of junior high schools in Jambi city. It is well-established that English language proficiency, especially in the domain of reading, is pivotal for students to access high-quality education and seize research opportunities. As we navigate the multifaceted landscape of education, it becomes evident that nurturing critical thinking skills among students is crucial for their academic and intellectual growth. The research undertaken herein embarks on a journey to explore the intricate connection between contextual reading materials and the development of student's critical thinking abilities. This endeavor involved a rigorous and systematic approach, employing a quasi-experimental research design that featured an experimental group and a control group. The outcomes of this investigation are of significant import, as they point to a compelling revelation: the utilization of contextual reading materials has a profound and positive impact on enhancing students' reading comprehension and fostering their critical thinking skills. These findings underscore the transformative potential of innovative pedagogical strategies that incorporate real-world context into the learning process, ultimately enriching the educational experience for students.
Functionalism Paradigm in Second Language Writing
Authors: Pradita Intan
Published: February 2024

This paper uses a corpus-based analysis systematic literature review to track the influence of functionalism paradigm in second language writing (SLW) over the last five years. The data were analyzed by using keywords and collocation analysis to map the closest association of functional paradigm to second language writing.  It was then reviewed manually and thematized based on the research questions as the framework. Based on a corpus of 46 Scopus indexed journals ranges from 2017-2022 this study reveals that the influence of functionalism paradigm does not directly affect to SLW. Functional paradigm spawned the concept of context which then be interpreted and manifested into functional linguistic approach. Thus, studies on SLW revolves around the application of systemic functional linguistics (SFL) to either teaching or assessing SLW. The elements of functionalism paradigm that affects to SLW are the basic assumption and the values of functional paradigm that perceived each variable in a text has a purpose. As an implication, second language writing composition using SFL focuses on text purpose and lexicogrammatical features. Functional linguists perceive language diversity in second language writing as functional, ensuring mutual intelligibility if communicative functions work effectively.
In-Service English Teacher’s Lived Experience in Using ChatGPT in Teaching Preparation
Authors: Nernere Regina Putri , Kastuhandani Fidelis Chosa
Published: February 2024

ChatGPT usage has gained popularity in education. ChatGPT is an AI that can produce human-like text and has implications for education. This study explored eight Indonesian English teachers’ lived experiences in integrating ChatGPT in their teaching preparation. In-service teachers’ perceptions, emotions, pedagogical activities, decision-making, and teaching transformations were explicated from their lived experiences through one-on-one in-depth interviews. The data gathered was later analyzed through transcendental framework analysis. The findings highlighted teachers’ various perceptions. Some considered this AI as a useful tool to generate ideas and materials with the awareness of its limitations in human-like understanding. Further, teachers experienced both excitement and concern towards ChatGPT. The integration practice resulted in improved teaching planning among teachers while retaining the quality after thoughtful adaptations. Additionally, ChatGPT helped teachers provide a better learning approach and contextualized learning. Significantly, as ChatGPT becomes more widely accessible, further research is required to guide teachers on its wiser utilisation.
Doing Manual Paraphrasing: What Should the Students Do in Paraphrasing or Rewriting English Writing?
Authors: Fitria Tira Nur
Published: February 2024

The issue of plagiarism and students' writing difficulties appeared to be a difficulty for teachers, so the existence of paraphrasing is a means to prevent plagiarizing. The objective of this study is to describe manual paraphrasing for students in paraphrasing or rewriting English writing. This research is descriptive qualitative. The analysis shows that manual paraphrasing is the activity of rewriting a text into another form manually without the help of online tools. In teaching paraphrasing manually, ten several strategies can be used by students, including using synonyms, changing the word form, changing active or passive sentences, changing transitions/connectors, changing/rearranging the order of ideas, changing or modifying text structure, simplifying or summarizing sentence, changing the double negative into a positive form, adding quotation marks for important points, and combining paraphrasing techniques. Students need to combine these strategies by applying more than two strategies than a single paraphraseIn manual paraphrasing, students must carefully study the source material, comprehend its meaning, attempt to explain it, and then rewrite it using their words while preserving the same meaning. Manual paraphrasing requires more effort and takes time than using automated tools, but the results may be better than expected.
Needs analysis on learning material development of English specific purpose in teacher education elementary school program at Muhammadiyah University Palangkaraya
Authors: Elhawwa Tazkiyatunnafs
Published: February 2024

The aim of this investigation was to outline a need analysis for creating ESP teaching materials for students enrolled in the PGSD study program at Muhammadiyah University of Palangka Raya. This study concentrated on 40 subjects' demands for ESP material from their points of view. The result revealed that: (1) students (35%) joined ESP courses out of necessity to improve their English literacy and have a good job; (2) subjects (40%) believed they studied ESP to understand English text; (3) subjects (35%) experienced difficulty understanding the meaning of the text; and (4) subjects (50%) had trouble reading English text. (4) The findings suggested that (a) the half of learners (50%) would like to demonstration as their favorite classroom activities;  (b) Browsing Internet (50%) as favorite activities to improve language skills (c) English movie was preferred dominantly (65%) as the media to perform language exposure; (d) Internet was liked best (65%) as source material; (e) 100 minute was preferred mostly (75%) as the suitable time for ESP learning; (f) product assessment was liked best (35%) as the appropriate model of assessment; and (g) the coverage topics liked best (40%) was texts related to the field of study.
Creating Joyful Learning Through Snowball Throwing to Enhance Primary Students’ Vocabulary
Authors: Tasaufi Bila Nastiti , Herwiana Sakhi , Novitasari Nine Febrie
Published: February 2024

The teaching of English has some challenges, especially in primary school. The primary students do not speak English as their mother language, therefore it is quite difficult for them to acquire English fluently. Additionally, English in Indonesia is a foreign language that the children do not use in their daily life, particularly in rural areas. The preliminary study found that the primary students’ English score was under the minimum passing criteria which was 68, there was only thirty-four percent (34%) of students can achieve it. Thus, the use of teaching techniques was implemented to help the children to acquire better English. The purpose of this study was to examine how a snowball-throwing teaching method and youtube may be used to improve the vocabulary understanding of fifth graders. This study used collaborative classroom action research (CCAR). The results showed that the snowball throwing method and youtube can help students improve their vocabulary knowledge. Vocabulary tests got an average score of 93.6, with ninety-eight percent (98 percent) of students reach with the criteria. They were enthusiastic about utilizing this method to learn English. They were also able to work well in groups, and displayed excellent teamwork skills.
Grammatical Cohesion in Sports Discourse: A Dissection of Selected Radio Programmes in Ibadan Metropolitan Area, Nigeria
Authors: Alolade Adewole Oluwaseun
Published: February 2024

There is rarely any radio station that do not present programme on sports in the contemporary age. Most radio stations have their sports analysis in the various languages that their prospective listeners understand. It is possible because the issue of sports had become inevitable to the people irrespective of age, colour, and gender. It has become a unifying force among people of varied background. This, therefore, necessitated linguistic investigation into the grammatical properties utilized by sports analysts in their presentations on the radio. The study examines the occurrence of each grammatical property in enhancing cohesion in the presentations made by sports presenters on the radio stations. These grammatical devices include: reference, substitution, ellipsis, and conjunction. Ferdinand Saussures Model of Language Structure on Syntagmatic Relation was utilized as the theoretical framework for the study. The data for analysis in the study comprised thirty sports presentations that were recorded and afterwards transcribed to examine the manifestations of the grammatical devices. The results from the analyses show that personal reference is the most prominent of all the types of reference. Nominal substitution and nominal ellipsis are the most recurrent of the types of substitution and ellipsis respectively. The striking manifestations of coordinating, subordinating, and additive conjuncts dominate the types of conjunction employed by the sports analysts on the radio. The study suggests that radio analysts should continually undergo programmes that will enhance their grammatical competence and as well see language as a weapon for expressing content and meaning by practically influencing their listener.

Key Words: Conjunction, Discourse, Ellipsis, Grammatical Cohesion, Reference, Substitution,
Pengendalian Alih Fungsi Lahan Pertanian Berkelanjutan di Kecamatan Pallangga Kabupaten Gowa
Authors: Muhammad Sidratul Munthoha Andi Alief , Syafri Syafri , Idris Taking Muhammad , Congge Umar
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to determine the pattern of distribution of agricultural land, the factors causing changes in the function of sustainable agricultural land and to control changes in the function of agricultural land, Pallangga District, Gowa Regency. This research uses quantitative methods. Based on the results of the analysis, it shows that the development of changes in land use in Pallangga District in 2019 was dominated by agricultural activities and dry land with a percentage of 54.49% and 27.90% respectively, while in 2022 there was a decline, where the use of agricultural land and land dry changed to 41.95% and 27.46%. As for residential land, it increased by 27.73%. Meanwhile, the factors that influenced changes in agricultural land use included: Land Requirement Factors, Social Factors, while economic factors and policy factors had little influence. Control over the conversion of agricultural land is carried out with a strategy of minimizing the opportunities for land conversion, controlling land conversion activities and providing instruments to control land conversion.
 
Abstrak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pola persebaran lahan pertanian, faktor penyebab terjadinya perubahan fungsi lahan pertanian berkelanjutan dan untuk  pengendalian perubahan fungsi lahan pertanian, Kecamatan Pallangga, Kabupaten Gowa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa, perkembangan perubahan penggunaan lahan di Kecamatan Pallangga Tahun 2019 didominasi oleh kegiatan pertanian dan lahan kering dengan persentase masing-masing  54,49% dan 27,90%,  sedangkan pada tahun 2022 terjadi penurunan, dimana penggunaan lahan pertanian dan lahan kering berubah menjadi 41,95% dan 27,46%. Sedangkan untuk lahan permukiman mengalami peningkatan sebesar 27,73% Sedangkan untuk  faktor-faktor  yang mempengaruhi terjadi perubahan pemanfaatan lahan pertanian  meliputi: Faktor Kebutuhan Lahan, Faktor Sosial, sedangkan faktor ekonomi dan faktor kebijakan yang kurang mempengaruhi. Pengendalian alih fungsi lahan pertanian dilakukan dengan strategi memperkecil peluang terjadinya alih fungsi lahan, mengendalikan kegiatan alih fungsi lahan dan memberikan instrumen pengendalian alih fungsi lahan.
STIRRED-TANK HEATING SYSTEM FAULT DIAGNOSTIC MECHANISM BASED MAHALANOBIS DISTANCE
Authors: Chieu Vu Hanh , Tang Cam Hue , Tran Hieu Trinh
Published: February 2024

Predictive maintenance of the plants can be performed using multivariate sensor data gathered from the
manufacturing and process sectors. This data represents actual operation behaviors. The intricate
behaviors of industrial systems, sensor interactions, control system corrections, and variability in aberrant behavior make
anomaly identication and diagnosis—a crucial component of predictive maintenance— to be more and more challenging.
Specic chemical processes necessitate extra stringent requirements in addition to high-precision actuator functioning. Even
slight changes in the outcome product's quality can result from chemical interactions. Thus, in addition to the requirement for a
high-performance integrated control system, monitoring operations must be quick and accurate enough to identify and isolate
defects when system issues arise. This research investigates a data-driven estimation based process fault diagnostic and
detection approach. According to this approach, the discrepancy between the process response and the process model
response is used to identify the process failure. For fault diagnostic purposes, errors are classied using the Mahalanobis
distance. The technique is validated in this study using the stirred-tank heating process. The outcomes of the simulation show
how effective the suggested strategy is.
AN IN-DEPTH STUDY ON THE INCREASING USE OF BLOCK CHAIN TECHNOLOGY AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN NON-FUNGIBLE TOKENS (NFTS) AND DIGITAL ART: ARE THESE THE NEW SPACE FOR EMERGING UNICORNS?
Authors: Jindal Shreyasi
Published: February 2024

This paper analyzed the increasing use of Blockchain Technology in the ownership of Non-Fungible
Tokens (NFT) and Digital Art. It brings into perspective the advantages of Blockchain and Articial
Intelligence (AI) in the realm of collectibles, like art, music, and virtual reality. As they are NFTs, they can neither be traded nor
exchanged, unlike cryptocurrencies. This opens up opportunities for new-age companies like OpenSea and Magic Eden
amongst others who have achieved the status of Unicorns. An attempt was made to understand the process through which such
status was achieved.
A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW OF EATING PRACTICES DERIVED FROM THE SRIMAD BHAGWAD GITA
Authors: Ranjan Ashish , Dahiya Yogesh
Published: February 2024

This research paper explores sustainable food practices, focusing on the Bhagavad Gita, an ancient
Indian scripture. Sustainable food practices promote environmentally responsible, socially equitable,
and health-conscious approaches to food production and consumption. The Bhagavad Gita, a 700-verse Hindu scripture, is a
foundational source of knowledge for sustainable food practices. It emphasizes vegetarianism, eating in sync with the sun, and
spiritualizing food through offerings to God. The study uses a mixed-methods approach, incorporating qualitative and
secondary data sources. The ndings reveal that food is not just a source of physical nourishment but a means to connect with
divine consciousness. The principles of maintaining a vegetarian diet, aligning meal timings with the sun, and spiritualizing
food through offerings to God are fundamental principles. These principles are relevant for health and the well-being of
spiritual tourists, and the concept of intermittent fasting, known as "vrat," aligns with modern recommendations for healthy
living. The ndings provide valuable insights for the tourism and hospitality industries, emphasizing the importance of catering
to the unique dietary needs of spiritual tourists.
EFFECT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL ORIGIN OF FOUR CLOVER SPECIES ON GERMINATION IN SALINE CONDITIONS
Authors: Bennani Kawtar , Al Faiz Chawki
Published: February 2024

Climate change will signicantly undermine crop production, posing a serious threat to food security.
Indeed, climatic factors are very favorable to the rise of salts, the concentration of the soil solution and the
precipitation of salts in the root zone and the supercial horizon leading to salinization, which limits the rate of germination
seeds. Pastoral plants are not escaped this problem. Effective adaptation in this sector will be of crucial importance. The present
study deals with the tolerance of four clover plants, in Moroccan areas, subject to an increase in soil salinity during the last
years. The effects of 4 levels of salinity, 0, 70, 140 and 220 mM NaCl, on four Trifolium species was conducted at germination. We
+ + also tested the effects of salts on Na and K accumulation during germination. An interesting result is the ability of T.
isthmocarpum to germinate on 220 mM of NaCl despite being a glycophyte species. In addition, seeds from T. isthmocarpum
showed, unlike other species tested, a high ability to recover their germination after NaCl exposure when stress conditions are
alleviated. This indicates that T. isthmocarpum developed the mechanisms of salt tolerance in seeds to improve adaptation of
this species to high salinity.
ONE HEALTH KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES AMONG ABATTOIR WORKERS IN NAROK, KENYA
Authors: G.K. Kirui , A.N. Kipyegon , T.O. Abuom , P. S. Masudi
Published: February 2024

Abattoir workers play a key role in One health through food safety and public health, animal disease
control and environmental health. Their increased contact with food animals and animal by-products
poses One Health challenges such as contracting of zoonotic diseases such as Anthrax, Rift Valley Fever, Bovine Tuberculosis,
Q-fever, Leptospirosis, Cysticercosis, Coenurosis and Brucellosis among others. These diseases have signicant health
implications, but their impact has been largely under-estimated due to limited information and underreporting contributed by
limited knowledge level, poor attitudes and risky behaviours among abattoir workers. This study was conducted to assess
knowledge levels, attitudes and practices on One-Health among abattoir workers in Narok County, Kenya. An observational
and interview based cross sectional study targeting all workers in four (4) randomly selected abattoirs in Narok County, Kenya
was conducted to determine their knowledge, attitude and practices on One Health. A total of Sixty abattoir workers were
interviewed based on their willingness to participate in the study. Three out of the four selected abattoirs had reliable access to
potable water, hand washing facilities and working toilets. Whereas environmental pollution was present in all the sampled
abattoirs, severe pollution was noted in two of them. The severely polluted abattoirs had dispersed polythene papers, heavy
manure build up, noisy operating environment and strong foul smell. The severe pollution was associated with presence of
scavenging birds and stray dogs. Although most (81.7%; n=60) of the abattoir workers appreciated the relevance of public
health risks and their signicance in meat handling, only a few (11.7%) of them could explain these risks using One Health
Concepts Anthrax (58.3%) and Brucellosis (35%) were the most commonly mentioned zoonotic diseases whereas other key
zoonotic diseases associated with meat handling such as Cysticercosis (10%); Rift Valley Fever (6.7%), Leptospirosis (1.7%); Q
fever (1.7%) were least mentioned. Some of the reported risky practices for spread of zoonotic diseases included; smoking while
at work (30%); presence of body wounds (40%); eating at work (40.8%); cleaning intestines (32.7%); poor hygiene (51.02%); and
lack of or poor-quality water (38.8%). Abattoir workers had limited knowledge on one health risks associated with their
occupation with several risky practices such as eating or smoking while at the slaughter house and working without covering
skin wounds. Most of the abattoir workers did not understand the importance of Personal Protective Equipment in Public health
and safety and thus only wore them as a matter of regulation. Training of abattoir workers on One Health approaches to food
handling and occupational risk management should be carried out.
INTRA-OPERATIVE ASSESSMENT OF HYDROGEN PEROXIDE & NORMAL SALINE AS A HAEMOSTATIC AGENT IN TONSILLECTOMY
Authors: Srishailam Boddupally , Sai Prateek Mahankali
Published: February 2024

A common indication for Tonsillectomy is Chronic Tonsillitis, among others. The surgery is largely safe
irrespective of the method used. Haemorrhage can be a life-threatening complication post Tonsillectomy
if it is not identied and treated immediately. Various techniques are used to achieve haemostasis and prevent haemorrhage
including surgical tie, cautery, local application of adrenaline or hydrogen peroxide among others. To understand the
vasoconstrictive and haemostatic properties of Hydrogen Peroxide in Tonsillectomy bleed. Sixty-ve (65) patients undergoing
Tonsillectomy for Chronic Tonsillitis were part of the study. To avoid bias, dissection of the right tonsil was taken as Group 1 and
left tonsil as Group 2. Normal Saline-soaked cotton ball was used to give local pressure in the tonsillar fossa in Group 1 and 3%
Hydrogen Peroxide-soaked cotton ball was used in Group 2. Blood loss and time taken to dissect were taken as parameters of
study.In Group 1, it took 18.24 min on an average from rst incision to completion. In Group 2, it took 15.55 min on an average
from rst incision to completion. The time in Group 2 was 14.74% lesser than Group 1. The average blood loss in Group 1 was
66.27 ml and in Group 2 the same value stood at 51.22 ml. The blood loss in Group 2 was 22.71% lesser than in Group 1. There
were no complications encountered. Powered by Editorial Manager and ProduXion Manager from Aries Systems Corporation
3% Hydrogen Peroxide is a potent agent for antimicrobial activity and haemostasis when introduced in the tonsillar fossa post
tonsillectomy. When used in moderation, it is very effective in preventing blood loss. Also, there are no serious complications
associated with the use of Hydrogen Preoxide as a haemostatic agent.
EFFECTS OF THREE DIFFERENT TRAINING PROGRAMMES ON ABDOMINAL ADIPOSITY OF OVERWEIGHT COLLEGE GIRLS
Authors: Biswas Dilip
Published: February 2024

The World Health Organization (WHO) describes overweight as one of the today's most important public health
problems, which is escalating as a global epidemic. The purpose of the present study was an endeavor to the best
method of handling overweight.Out of 96 selected participants from fluvio coastal zone of west Bengal,India on the basis
of BMI,80 overweight girls (average age:20) were consider for the study.The subjects were divided into four groups (20
for each group) randomly namely Weight Training Group (WTG), Aerobic Training Group (ATG), Graded Circuit
Training Group (GCTG) and Control Group (CG).Separately designed 12 weeks training programme for WTG,ATG and
GCTG was applied on the subjects at morning between 8.00 am to 9.15am for three alternative days per week. After
every four weeks,total load was increased.Pre and post test on the groups were conducted to measure the training effect
on Abdominal Adiposity of the subjects. The collected data were statistically analyzed by using the analysis of Covariance (p<0.05) to determine differences, the LSD test was applied as a post hoc test to find out the paired mean
differences. From the obtaining result, it was concluded that weight training, aerobics and graded circuit training are
found to be effective for reducing Abdominal Adiposity of overweight college girls.
A UNIQUE CASE OF MAXILLARY RHINOSPORIDIOSIS
Authors: Singh Digvijay
Published: February 2024

Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous disease of nasal cavity. It is prevalent in few parts of India. Here we present a
case which involved the maxillary sinus with its extension to choana and nasopharynx. Mass removed by lateral
rhinotomy approach. Very few articles published on involvement of maxilla and different surgical approaches were
mentioned for its removal.
"FROM TREATMENT TO CHALLENGE: EXPLORING STEROID-INDUCED DIABETES MELLITUS – A COMPREHENSIVE CASE STUDY."
Authors: Upadhye Krishna , Aggarwal Uttam Kumar
Published: February 2024

Steroid-induced diabetes mellitus (SIDM) represents a significant clinical challenge, arising as a consequence of
glucocorticoid therapy commonly used in various medical conditions. Clinicians who want to reduce inflammation
caused by immune system reactions commonly prescribe steroids. However, one significant side effect of steroid
treatment is that patients' blood sugar levels rise. Long-term steroid use raises the risk of acquiring diabetes mellitus.
Despite the widespread use of steroids for their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties,SIDM remains a
common and potentially harmful complication that necessitates careful consideration in clinical practice. Two of the
most often given steroids, cortisone and prednisone, increase the liver's ability to produce glucose and reduce cells'
sensitivity to Insulin. This case study underscores the need for early detection and effective management of SIDM,
emphasizing the importance of individualized treatment strategies.Furthermore,it highlights the gaps in understanding
the impact of hyperglycemia associated with steroid use on clinical morbidity and mortality,urging for comprehensive
guidelines to prevent complications and optimize patient outcomes in the context of the hyperglycemic state. The
subject of this case study is a 53-year-old woman who was prescribed injections of methylprednisolone after being
diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. Her blood sugar levels noticeably increased after taking this medicine, which is
consistent with the classic presentation of steroid-induced diabetes mellitus. This case study explores the complex
relationship between steroids and diabetes mellitus, elucidating the mechanisms underlying hyperglycemia induced
by glucocorticoids.
RESILIENCE IN THE PRIMARY CAREGIVERS OF PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA, BIPOLAR AFFECTIVE DISORDER AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE SYNDROME
Authors: Reddy Gunamgari Pranavi , Soorineedu Rajendhar , Reballi Raja shekar , Kasimahanti Siva Prasad
Published: February 2024

Caregivers who possess resilience are better able to manage and overcome adversity that comes with caring for a family
member diagnosed with major mental illnesses like Schizophrenia,Bipolar Affective Disorder and Alcohol Dependence
Syndrome.Family plays a key role in the care of patients with mental illnesses especially in India owing to the tradition of
interdependence and the lack of sufficient mental health facilities making it important to understand the resilience of the
caregiver in caring for the mentally ill. Aim:The aim of the present study is to study the resilience in primary caregivers
of patients with Schizophrenia, Bipolar Affective Disorder and Alcohol dependence syndrome. Methods: The crosssectional comparative study included 90 primary caregivers of patients, 30 from each group. The diagnoses of the
patients were confirmed with the MINI screen scale.A semi-structured interview was used to obtain demographic data
and resilience in the caregivers was measured using the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale. Results: Resilience was
found to be higher in males, mostly children of the patients hailing from higher income groups and carers with shared
burden. Caregivers of the patients with schizophrenia were found to have higher resilience than those of the other 2
groups. Conclusion: Gender, age, socioeconomic status, family support and diagnosis were all factors found to be
influencing resilience in a caregiver.
THE RANK AND RANKL NEXUS – MOLECULAR ASPECTS
Authors: Khan Javeria , MV Devaratnamma , Naaz Asma , Deshkar Pooja , Soni Sahiti , Bandi Sumanya
Published: February 2024

RANKL are the chemical mediators secreted by the resident cells of the connective tissue and in the mileau of periodontium
they are released during the process of bone turnover either for bone remodelling during orthodontic tooth movement,
normal masticatory force bearing, age related changes or for bone resorption due to pathological reasons where plaque
influences the cells of inflammation to release PGE2, IL-1 and TNF alpha. These RANKL act on the circulating pre osteoclasts
or monocyte macrophage cells which under the influence of M-CSF will start to colacase to form multinucleated osteoclasts
that will resorb the bone. Thus, for these various changes to occur in the macrophages and preosteoclasts there will be a
need of transcription factors like NFK฀, NFATc1, cFos and others. To understand intracellular mechanisms when RANKL
binds onto the trimeric receptor RANK which leads to a better understanding of therapeutic management to deal with
pathological bone destructive disease, so we have consolidated this narrative review.
CULTURAL TRANSFORMATION BY DESIGN: SYMPHONY OF LINE AND COLOUR IN THE TRADITIONAL TEXTILE DESIGNS OF GUJARAT
Authors: K R Shrinivasa , Kate Avinash
Published: February 2024

Cultural heritage is an expression of the way of living developed by a community and passed down from generation to
generation. It includes tangible cultures such as buildings, monuments, landscapes, books and art; and intangible
cultures such as folklore, traditions, language and knowledge. For centuries scholars from all over the world have paid
tributes to the rich culture of India. One such culturally rich state in India is Gujarat. Gujarat's traditional textiles and crafts
play a predominant role in the apparel and visual identity of the state and its people. The form itself is the amalgamation
and continuity of human potential, which is demonstrated by the glorious Karigiri, The craftsmanship of the natives of
Gujarat. The state's karigars (artisans) have produced an exquisite projects for daily and ceremonial uses for centuries.
The artisans source their materials locally and create products that perfectly blend indigenous skills and techniques
with the right imagination. Natural resources like clay, wood, stone, metal, cotton yarn, animal hide and various flowers
have been adopted and fashioned into multiple designs. What exists, as a result, is a fascinating balance between nature
and humans, form and function. The research will facilitate the importance of line and colour in the traditional textiles of
Gujarat. Design Aesthetics is a conceptual phenomenon that manifests different elements and components of which
cords and colours are of primary importance. The symphony of lines and colour creates a world of aesthetically
composed designs that become a significant component of applied art.
COMPARISON OF FLUCONAZOLE AND GRISEOFULVIN IN TREATMENT TREATMENT OF TINEA
Authors: Francis Kiran , Henry Dennis
Published: February 2024

Approximately a billion people are assessed to have skin,nail
and hair fungal diseases; millions have mucosal candidiasis
and higher than 150 million people have serious fungal
diseases, which have a major effect on their lives or are
deadly.Moreover,mortality associated with fungal disease at
>1.6 million is like that of tuberculosis and >3-fold more than
malaria. Socioeconomic, geo-ecological attributes and the
rising number of at-risk people are the main factors for
variation in occurrence and pervasiveness of fungal disease
across the world. Fungal infections are influenced majorly by
the HIV/AIDS pandemic, tuberculosis, chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease, asthma and the rising occurrence of
cancers in both developed and developing countries
[ 1 – 4 ] worldwide. Fungal skin diseases were the most
widespread skin disease globally in 2017 (10.09%) and in
2016, fungal skin diseases were ranked the fourth highest in
the occurrence of disease (2.1 billion cases) when compared
[5,6] to 328 different illnesses and injuries worldwide.
“CYTOMORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF VARIOUS SALIVARY GLAND LESIONS AND EVALUATION BY MILAN SYSTEM FOR REPORTING SALIVARY GLAND CYTOPATHOLOGY IN TERTIARY CARE CENTRE”
Authors: Paghadar Komal , N Hathila Rasik
Published: February 2024

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a well-established technique that plays a critical role in
preoperative diagnosis of any salivary gland mass lesions. Because of heterogeneity of salivary gland lesions and
cytomorphology overlap, a uniform 6 tier Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC) helps
standardize reporting systems and may aid in better communication between clinicians and pathologists and guide the
clinical management of patients.Aims:We aimed to study the utility of FNAC in the diagnosis of salivary gland lesions
and also study the cytomorphological features of various salivary gland lesions using Milan system classification.
Methods and Material: We performed a retrospective analysis of salivary gland lesion FNAC in cytopathology
department,tertiary care center from January 2018 to May 2019.All the cases of salivary gland aspirates were classified
into six diagnostic categories according to the Milan system of reporting salivary gland cytology (MSRSGC) as follows:
Category 1: Non-diagnostic (ND); Category 2: Non-neoplastic (NN); Category 3: Atypia of undetermined significance
(AUS); Category 4a: Neoplasm: benign (NB), Category 4b: Neoplasm: salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant
potential (SUMP);Category 5:suspicious of malignancy (SM);and Category 6:Malignant (M). Results:A total of 54 cases
of salivary gland aspirates were classified using the Milan system as non-diagnostic 2 cases (3.7%), non-neoplastic 12
(22.22%), atypia of undetermined significance 1 (1.85%), neoplasm 32 (59.3%), suspicious for malignancy 1 (1.86%),
and malignancy 6 (11.1%).Pleomorphic Adenoma (23 cases;43%) was the most common benign salivary gland lesions
and Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma (3 cases; 5.6%) was most common malignant lesion. Parotid gland (38 cases; 70.4%)
was the most commonly involved in benign and malignant tumors. Commonly affected age group by benign salivary
gland lesion was 31-40 years and those with malignant salivary gland lesion was 21-30 years. Conclusions: The
MSRSGC helps pathologists to standardize reporting leading to better clinical and surgical management.
COCCYDYNIA- THE EFFICACY OF REHABILITATION PROTOCOLS- A CASE SERIES.
Authors: Kumar Jain Sumit , Samuel Sherin
Published: February 2024

Coccydynia is a painful condition of the tail-bone region. It affects the activities of daily living mainly involving long
periods of sitting. Several different treatment options have been reported in the literature but with variable outcomes.
The objective of this prospective case series was to assess the outcomes of conservative treatment for patients with
coccydynia. Patients clinically and radio-graphically diagnosed with coccydynia underwent a set of rehabilitation
protocols. They were assessed pre-treatment and 3 months post-treatment on the basis of visual analogue scale and
Oswestry low back disability questionnaire.The results of the case series suggest that the conservative treatment offer
excellent outcome.
CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF LESIONS IN CERVICAL BIOPSIES AT SMS MEDICAL COLLEGE AND ATTACHED HOSPITALS
Authors: Pachori Saroj , Verma Laghuta , Pachori Parmendra , Pachori Moullik
Published: February 2024

Cervical lesions are most commonly seen in sexually active women. These lesions may be non-neoplastic and
neoplastic. Categorization and familiarity of the cervical non-neoplastic lesions with their histopathological findings are
essential in their recognition and could improve the approach toward better management of the patient. This study was
conducted with the aim to access the histomorphological pattern of diseases encountered in cervical biopsies and to
study the association between clinical presentation and histopathological patterns of different cervical lesions. This
study clinicopathological spectrum of cervical lesions was carried out in the Department of Pathology, SMS Medical
College, Jaipur over 1.5 years from April 2020 to October 2021 In our study a total of 100 cervical biopsies were taken for
study. The most common age group was 41 to 50 years. White discharge per vagina was the most common presenting
feature in benign cervical lesions. Abnormal bleeding per vagina was in malignant cervical lesions. Benign cervical
lesions were more common as compared to premalignant & malignant cervical lesions with chronic non-specific
cervicitis being the most common of all lesions. Among malignancies, squamous cell carcinoma was the most common
entity. It can be concluded that the key to correct interpretation and diagnosis depends upon careful correlation
between cervical histology & clinical data which eventually helps in reducing morbidity by early detection of malignant
and premalignant lesions and their timely management
Is Micro-financing a Viable Tool for Poverty Alleviation?: An Assessment of a Leading Microfinance Bank in Nigeria
Authors: Ani Judith I. , Ovenseri Abel , Okakwu Kenneth N.
Published: February 2024

Is micro-financing a viable poverty alleviation tool for its clients? We reflected on this question and conducted a longitudinal study using the 2011 Poverty Probability Index (PPI) to measure the household poverty of LAPO Microfinance Bank clients. The bank’s non-financial services were also examined to determine their benefits for clients. Using a multistage sampling technique, 1000 clients across the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria were selected for the study. We found that clients’ poverty likelihood index (PPI) declined from 11.62% at baseline to 9.86% at post-assessment. Poverty differentials by some socio-demographic disaggregates were observed. Compared to urban and peri-urban clients, rural resident clients had higher poverty likelihood. Disaggregated by geo-political zones, poverty likelihood was higher in northern Nigeria compared both to other zones and the national poverty likelihood. Female clients (12.32%) had higher poverty likelihood than males (9.73%). However, among all these categories, poverty likelihood declined in the post-assessment phase. Premised on the outcome of economic disruption experienced during the lockdown, we observed that clients who assessed only one loan cycle had higher poverty likelihood than their counterparts. We advanced two interrelated positions. The first relates to an inverse relationship between the number of loans accessed and poverty likelihood while the second argues that businesses at the early stage are worst affected during economic disruptions but can leverage on microfinance infrastructure to keep afloat. While our study advances the understanding of microfinance infrastructure and poverty alleviation in Nigeria, we recommend a continuous flow of loans and provision of non-financial services to clients. We also recommend that operating environment be made favourable for providers to keep impacting lives through microfinance financial and non-financial services.
Household Waste Reduction Practices in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Ojolowo Saeed , Akinyele Cyril
Published: February 2024

With an average of 42 million tons of waste produced annually and no effective structure for managing solid waste in Nigeria, indiscriminate disposal of waste poses a serious danger to the constituents of the environment. Waste reduction at source is one of the potent strategies for reducing disposable waste, thereby, making non-reused waste at the household level manageable by municipal authority. Therefore, this study examines household waste reduction practices in Ibadan. A random selection of 281 respondents was conducted using a sampling ratio of 3% among three places within the Ibadan North East Local Government Area. Buying packaging-less products, targeting reusable and not items that are disposable in nature, using reusable bags made of recyclable materials for shopping, reducing food remnants and waste, and maintaining and repairing household items are the five household waste reduction practices that have been identified. Results showed that plastic accounted for more than half (54.4%) of the garbage produced, 14.6% was kitchen waste, 19.2% was glass and bottle, and 11.7% was paper waste. The study suggests an aggressive sensitisation programme by Oyo State Waste Management Authority to raise awareness of the
benefits of reducing waste before disposal in Ibadan, to curb indiscriminate disposal of waste.
An Assessment of the Relationship between Socio-cultural Practices and Domestication of Child Rights Law in Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Idom Augustine Mogom
Published: February 2024

After the enactment of Child Rights Act in Nigeria in 2003, its domestication and implementation have remained weak and ineffective. This study investigated the relationship between socio-cultural practices and the domestication of Child Rights Law (CRL) in Cross River State. The Social Learning theory was employed as the theoretical framework. The study utilized mixed method involving questionnaire and In-Depth Interviews (IDI) to elicit data. Simple and systematic random sampling techniques were used to draw a sample of 461 respondents from households, while purposive and quota sampling techniques were used to select 56 interviewees from child-focused ministries, departments and agencies, non-governmental organizations, children under corrections/police custody, orphanages and remand homes, making a total of 517 respondents. One hypothesis was formulated and tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation through Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) version 26. Quantitatively, the study revealed that there was a high correlation between socio-cultural practices and the domestication of CRL, viz; male child preference had R-value of 0.937; branding of children as witches and wizards (r =0.953); female genital mutilation (r =0.811); child marriage and betrothal (r = 0.772), etc, all of which accounted for the poor domestication of CRL. Qualitatively, the IDI interviewees reported that socio-cultural practices negatively impacted on the domestication of Child Rights Law in Cross River State. The study recommended that, socio-cultural practices inimical to the child should be abolished through awareness campaign by trained community and religious leaders.