bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk management of supply chain finance in the new energy vehicle industry: A comprehensive evaluation model
Authors: Liu Ziyu , Zheng Yutong
Published: January 2024

In recent years, the new energy vehicle (NEV) industry has rapidly grown and become a vital part of the automotive sector. Supply chain finance plays a critical role in the NEV industry as it affects the operation and development of the entire industry chain. The supply chain of NEVs is different from the traditional automobile industry due to its complexity, fragility, and forecasting difficulties. Managing the risks associated with supply chain finance in the NEV industry presents new challenges. Commercial banks need to establish scientific risk assessment models and take preventive measures to ensure the provision of financial services while safeguarding their funds. This study focuses on the supply chain financial services of NEVs provided by commercial banks. It employs various methods to assess financial risks, establishes a risk index model, and uses the analytic hierarchy process, entropy weight method, and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to determine weights and provide risk assessment opinions. The proposed evaluation model effectively assesses risks and provides preventive measures with potential practical applications. Future research can further refine and apply this model to benefit enterprises and financial institutions in the NEV industry.
Research on Hot-spots and Trends of Human Resource Management under Digitalization
Authors: Lin Haitianyu , Wu Di
Published: January 2024

A new era of digital technology, characterized by the advent of mobile internet, cloud computing, big data, and artificial intelligence, is reshaping human production and lifestyle, heralding a paradigm shift in the way we engage with the world around us. As a matter of fact, digital transformation is no longer a distant future but an ongoing reality faced by all enterprises alike. Within this evolving landscape, human resources management, being a pivotal component of organizational management, is undergoing profound changes driven by digitalization. This paper combs the literature from all over the world in the field of digital human resource management in the past ten years, and extracts the key discoveries. This paper sums up the four most popular research topics: digital natives, service-oriented human resource management, updated connection mode, and ensuring the status of humanity. On the basis of the review, this paper looks forward to the future by pointing out possible research directions and making relevant recommendations.
A Comparative Study on Different Modes of Green Innovation and Performance Differences of Enterprise
Authors: Tao Ran , Zhu Qian , Zhang Huiying
Published: January 2024

Under the new development, new opportunities and new models, China attaches more importance to the green development of enterprises, green and low-carbon development is becoming more and more important in the strategic position. This paper adopts the method of case study, analyzes the relationship among the motivation, mode and performance of green innovation, divides green innovation behavior into various types, and makes a comparative study on the difference of green innovation mode and performance of typical enterprises with different characteristics in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province. It is found that the environmental performance, financial performance and market performance brought by substantive green innovation achieve the best effect, and the financial performance brought by strategic green innovation is better, but the change of environmental performance and market performance is relatively not obvious, and the financial performance and market performance brought by irritable green innovation have no obvious change, and the environmental performance brought by environmental innovation is also average.
Exploring the development of niche music in the digital age
Authors: Wang Xijie
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this paper was to look into the challenges and opportunities that niche music artists face in the digital age, with a particular focus on Universal Music Group and its subsidiary, Spinnup. It examined the transition from physical to digital music and the implications for niche music artists critically. It explicitly addressed pricing and promotion issues in the digital music industry, drawing on marketing mix theory. According to the paper, platforms such as Spinnup have made it easier for niche artists to distribute their music globally, but they frequently require assistance in generating sufficient revenue due to high release fees and insufficient promotion. To address these issues, the paper proposed two major solutions: a pricing model revision and the provision of marketing and promotional tools. The proposed solutions aimed to foster a more welcoming environment for niche artists by providing them with the tools they need to effectively reach their audiences and thrive in the digital music industry. The findings provided insights into the music industry’s digital transformation and suggested strategies for promoting the growth and sustainability of niche music.
Research on Marvel Studios’ Product Marketing Strategy in the New Media Environment
Authors: Jiang Liting
Published: January 2024

With the end of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide and the rapid development of the film and television industry in the new media environment, it is valuable to study how to conduct targeted product marketing strategies in the new media environment. This paper takes Marvel Studios, which is well-known worldwide, as the research object, and analyzes it through the SWOT analysis method and with actual cases. Multi-faceted linkage, new media promotion, and cross-cultural communication are all means of Marvel’s marketing in the new media environment. It has fully used I.P. advantage, egg marketing, new media publicity, and cross-cultural communication strategies to create a sustained appeal and influence the film brand. The Chinese film and T.V. industry can learn from the successful experience of Marvel Studios and work on building a linkage platform, strengthening new media promotion, improving story quality, and creating globalized films to achieve better development.
Effects of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) policies and activities on Company Reputation and Employee Organizational Citizenship Behaviour: Evidence from Indicate the tourism industry
Authors: Zhang Jinfeng , Tan Yaojiao , Chen Jing , Jiang Yuxue
Published: January 2024

This research investigates the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies on employee organizational citizenship behavior and business reputation within the travel and tourism sector. Through a comprehensive survey of 317 participants in tourism companies, the study employs Amos 25.0 and SPSS 25.0 software to construct a Hypothesis Testing Structural Equation Model, aligning with established methodologies. The results unequivocally demonstrate that CSR practices enhance a company’s reputation, subsequently fostering organizational citizenship behavior among employees. Notably, the intricate interplay among CSR policies, company reputation, and employee behavior is subject to moderation by specific factors. The findings underscore the nuanced dynamics shaping organizational behavior in the context of CSR initiatives. The study suggests potential avenues for future research, offering insights that contribute to both theoretical understanding and practical implications for businesses in the travel and tourism sector. This research advances our comprehension of the intricate relationships between CSR, business reputation, and employee behavior, providing a foundation for informed decision-making in corporate sustainability efforts.
A Study on the Influence of Artificial Intelligence on Image Art Design
Authors: He Jin
Published: January 2024

With the continuous development of artificial intelligence technology, the field of video art design is undergoing unprecedented changes. The purpose of this paper is to deeply discuss the influence of artificial intelligence era on video art design. The artificial intelligence generation system can assist in image generation, video processing, 3D modelling and other work, which greatly improves the creation efficiency. At the same time, these systems provide inspiration and creativity to artists by learning and analysing a large number of artworks. In terms of innovation, AI breaks traditional art and design patterns and supports more open and diverse expression. Machine learning-based generation systems can create stunning, novel images and videos that demonstrate creativity beyond imagination. Artificial intelligence inspires us to reflect on the subjectivity of aesthetic standards and to appreciate more the unique aesthetic orientation of algorithms. Ai is having a profound impact on artists, designers and society, and every aspect of life in the future will be dependent on AI.
Research on the application of digital media technology in museum exhibition design: A case study of the national museum of Singapore
Authors: Dong Shuang
Published: January 2024

There is a profound transformation in museum exhibition design. The ubiquitous digital media technology is driving the rapid evolution and development of museums. This trend is particularly evident in the need for diverse presentation methods to facilitate a high level of interaction and integration between audiences and exhibits. This research aims to explore the application of digital media technology in museum exhibition design, with the National Museum of Singapore as the research object. Through an in-depth examination of the digitalized exhibition projects in the National Museum of Singapore, insights can be acquired into how these technologies have changed the exhibition methods of museums and enriched the visitors’ experience. This thesis will focus on the application, impact, and potential future development trends of digital media technology in museum exhibition design. The findings of this study can serve as valuable experiences and insights for other museums in the application of digital media technology.
Research on Green Transformation of Enterprises from the Perspective of Innovation Driving
Authors: Zhao Haocheng , Sun Lexuan , Xiang Yongsheng
Published: January 2024

This paper takes Zhejiang Zhongguang Electric Group Co.Ltd. as an example to explain how enterprises overcome the problems faced in the transformation of green manufacturing, take innovation-driven green manufacturing as the primary premise, and become the pathfinder of innovation-driven green manufacturing in the manufacturing industry. The research in this case found that CGE adheres to the “innovation” driven development, and strives to create a development model of “one main body, innovation driven and five integration” with itself as the main body, innovation driven and five integration complemented; Through the construction of green factories, the design of green parks, the research and development of green products and the operation of green supply chain, the in-depth development of innovation is promoted in an orderly manner, providing valuable experience for the organic integration of green manufacturing and sustainable development. At the same time, the strategic layout of Zhongguang Electric is also improving day by day, constantly pursuing enterprise growth and technological breakthroughs, and integrating green management into enterprise management, product design and production.
A case study of incorporating digital technologies into audio-visual-oral English teaching in the context of digital humanities
Authors: Hu Weijia
Published: January 2024

Digital humanities is an interdisciplinary field as well as a set of methods and approaches that combine computational methods with humanistic inquiry. While discussions about the digital transformation of education have become more intense due to the increasing impact of digital technologies, there is still a need to explore the practice of integrating these technologies with audio-visual-oral English teaching. This article starts from the three characteristics of digital humanities research and moves on to document a three-year-long integration of digital technologies into audio-visual-oral English teaching, with emphasis on building online education infrastructure, deepening technology integration guided by the SAMR Model, and incorporating contests into formal learning. It emphasizes that the incorporation of digital technologies not only brings about significant changes in teaching philosophy, content, methods, and evaluation but also fosters the development of a new type of teacher-student relationship as teachers’ role evolves from simply “teaching and problem-solving” to placing greater emphasis on “guiding and mentoring”.
Qualitätsvergleich zwischen digitaler und handschriftlicher Dokumentation in einer physiotherapeutischen Praxis in Deutschland
Authors: Griefahn Annika , Scharpf Jonas , Michels Tobias , Wolf Eduard , Zalpour Christoff
Published: January 2024

Hintergrund Die Dokumentation spielt in der Physiotherapie eine entscheidende Rolle. Ihre Qualität ist jedoch oft mangelhaft und entspricht teilweise nicht den gesetzlichen Anforderungen. Die Digitalisierung kann eine Chance sein, diesen Mangel zu beheben.

Ziel Evaluierung des Einflusses der Dokumentationsart auf die Qualität und den Zeitaufwand der Dokumentation bei Patient*innen mit muskuloskelettalen Erkrankungen.

Methode Explorative Beobachtungsstudie mit quantitativer Evaluation von Qualität und Zeitaufwand. Es wurde ein (validiertes) Instrument zur Qualitätsbeurteilung aus den Niederlanden verwendet, das für den deutschsprachigen Raum übersetzt und für die Schweiz validiert wurde. Der Zeitaufwand wurde mit einer Stoppuhr gemessen. Eine Gruppe von Physiotherapeut*innen aus einer ambulanten Physiotherapiepraxis in Deutschland verglich die beiden Dokumentationsarten. Abschließend wurden die Kriterien Qualität und Zeit zwischen den beiden Gruppen verglichen. Die statistische Auswertung der Daten erfolgte mittels Mann-Whitney-U- und unabhängigem T-Test.

Ergebnisse Ausgewertet wurden 64 Dokumentationen, 42 handschriftliche und 22 digitale Dokumentationen von insgesamt 5 Physiotherapeut*innen. Bei der Betrachtung der Gesamtdokumentationsdauer konnte für die handschriftliche Dokumentation ein Mittelwert von 902,52 (± 292,28) Sekunden und für die digitale Dokumentation von 813,32 (± 271,703) Sekunden errechnet werden. Die statistische Auswertung für die Dokumentationszeit ergab einen kleinen Effekt mit d = –0,312 sowie einen nicht signifikanten Unterschied mit p = 0,24. Die Gesamtpunktzahl für die Qualitätsbewertung ergab für die handschriftliche Dokumentation einen Wert von 55,6 ± 4,97 Punkten und für die digitale Dokumentation einen Wert von 64,82 ± 3,43. Die Berechnung der Effektstärke ergab einen starken Effekt mit r = –0,718 sowie ein signifikantes Ergebnis mit p < 0,0001.

Schlussfolgerung Die Umstellung auf digitale Dokumentation bringt deutliche Qualitätsvorteile, wie sie auch in anderen Disziplinen zu beobachten sind. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Qualität der Dokumentation durch die digitale Dokumentation steigt. Es ist daher wünschenswert, die Digitalisierung in der Physiotherapie auch im Bereich Dokumentation voranzutreiben.
Soziologische Forschung und Lehre im Kontext medizinischer
Fakultäten – Ein autobiographischer
Rückblick
Authors: Siegrist Johannes
Published: January 2024

Mit der Einführung von Medizinischer Psychologie und Medizinischer
Soziologie als Prüfungsfächer im Medizinstudium im Jahr 1970
wurden an medizinischen Fakultäten der Bundesrepublik Deutschland
Professuren für diese Fächer errichtet. Damit stellte sich die
Frage, wie weit es gelingt, die unterschiedlichen Wissenschaftskulturen der
Sozial- und Verhaltenswissenschaften einerseits und der naturwissenschaftlich
orientierten Medizin andererseits in Lehre und Forschung konstruktiv zu
verbinden. Als wichtige Voraussetzungen hierzu erwiesen sich die
Qualität und die Anschlussfähigkeit neuer
Forschungsaktivitäten an prioritäre medizinische
Erkenntnisinteressen. Am Beispiel einer langjährigen, international
kooperierenden Forschung im Gebiet der Medizinischen Soziologie zeigt der
Artikel, welche innovativen Entwicklungen hierbei im Rahmen einer
theoriebasierten Analyse sozialer Determinanten stressassoziierter Erkrankungen
erzielt werden konnten. Er verdeutlicht darüber hinaus die enge
Verflechtung biographischer Glücksfälle mit strukturellen
Chancen und Zwängen sowie die Bedeutung engagierter
interdisziplinärer wissenschaftlicher Teamarbeit.
Ärztliche Zwangsbehandlung: Wer, wie, wie lange? Eine
retrospektive Fallanalyse an sechs Klinikstandorten in
Baden-Württemberg
Authors: Steinert Tilman , Wiedmer Jana
Published: January 2024

Hintergrund Eine Evaluation der Praxis ärztlicher
Zwangsbehandlungen nach den Entscheidungen des Bundesverfassungsgerichts zur
Zwangsbehandlung 2011 steht bisher aus.

Methode An 6 Klinikstandorten in Baden-Württemberg wurden die
dokumentierten Notfallbehandlungen (N=86) und richterlich genehmigte
Zwangsbehandlungen (N=62) in den Jahren 2015 und 2016 retrospektiv
analysiert.

Ergebnisse Patienten mit richterlich genehmigter Zwangsbehandlung hatten
durchschnittlich 8 psychiatrische Voraufenthalte mit einer kumulativen Dauer von
645 Tagen und hatten zu 87% eine psychotische Störung. Bei
34% erfolgte innerhalb eines Jahres eine weitere Zwangsbehandlung.
92% der Patienten nahmen bei der Entlassung ein Antipsychotikum ein,
45% wurden in einer Tagesklinik oder einer Psychiatrischen
Institutsambulanz weiterbehandelt.

Schlussfolgerung Ärztliche Zwangsbehandlung betrifft eine relativ
kleine, überwiegend chronisch schwer erkrankte Patientengruppe und tritt
bei dieser häufig wiederkehrend auf.
Natural Sequential Collapse Method: A Common Technique to Identify the Intersegmental Plane
Authors: Deng Yuanlin , Luo Yilin , Zhang Min , Ge Mingjian
Published: January 2024

The natural sequential collapse method (NSCM) can be employed during surgery to reduce the duration of segmentectomy. This method avoids inflating the lung by rapidly blocking vessels within the tumor basin. It is important to note that the color of the lungs should be used to determine the surgical procedure. The NSCM is efficient and straightforward in revealing the intersegmental plane.
Doxycycline Sclerodesis—“Rhinodesis”—for Enhanced Soft Tissue Adhesion in Rhinoplasty: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Kovacevic Milos , Kosins Aaron M. , Davis Richard , Al Maamari Salwa , D'Souza Alwyn
Published: January 2024

The use of doxycycline as a sclerosing agent is well-established. Given the clinical efficacy of doxycycline sclerosant therapy, we embarked upon a study to evaluate the efficacy of small-volume liquified doxycycline particularly in thick skinned rhinoplasty patients to promote re-adhesion of the nasal skin-soft tissue envelope (SSTE) thereby minimizing surgical dead space and enhancing surface contour, to improve the eventual outcome of surgery.

We present two clinical case series using rhinodesis. All patients were treated with the same rhinodesis protocol that included conventional splinting and taping. The first series consisted of 102 consecutive primary rhinoplasties with medium to thick nasal skin treated via open rhinoplasty. Doxycycline solution at a concentration of 20 mg/mL was applied beneath the skin flap using a 14-gauge angiocath inserted through small gaps in the marginal suture line following closure, retained for 2 to 3 minutes, and then expressed from the dead space. Firm manual compression of the SSTE was maintained for at least 1 additional minute, and the splint was then applied. The second series consisted of 25 thick-skinned primary rhinoplasties that were also treated with open rhinoplasty using the same rhinodesis protocol. However, the second group was evaluated with serial postoperative ultrasonography to characterize the soft-tissue response to rhinodesis, particularly within the tip and supra-tip regions.

Results revealed enhanced skin adherence in nearly all patients when compared to traditional taping and splinting alone. Ultrasonic examination demonstrated enhanced adherence of the subcutaneous tissue to the nasal framework and suggests that rhinodesis is effective at minimizing dead space in majority of thick-skinned rhinoplasty patients. No complications were observed. Doxycycline can be used easily and safely to seal the surgical dead space post-rhinoplasty and minimize degradation of nasal contour with excellent outcome.
Interactive training with a novel simulation model for upper gastrointestinal endoscopic hemostasis improves trainee technique and confidence
Authors: Kanno Takeshi , Arata Yutaro , Greenwald Eric , Moayyedi Paul , Suzuki Suguo , Hatayama Yutaka , Saito Masahiro , Jin Xiaoyi , Hatta Waku , Uno Kaname , Asano Naoki , Imatani Akira , Kagaya Yutaka , Koike Tomoyuki , Masamune Atsushi
Published: January 2024

Background and study aims Endoscopic hemostasis is a life-saving
procedure for gastrointestinal bleeding; however, training for it is often performed on real
patients and during urgent situations that put patients at risk. Reports of simulation-based
training models for endoscopic hemostasis are scarce. Herein, we developed a novel simulator
called “Medical Rising STAR-Ulcer type” to practice endoscopic hemostasis with hemoclips and
coagulation graspers. This study aimed to evaluate the reproducibility of the clinical
difficulty of this model and the effectiveness of simulation-based training for clipping
hemostasis.

Patients and methods This was a prospective educational study.
Fifty gastroenterology residents from Japan and Canada were recruited to participate in a
simulation-based training program. The primary outcome was the success rate for clipping
hemostasis. We measured differences in trainee subjective assessment scores and evaluated the
co-occurrence network based on comments after training.

Results The hemostasis success rate of the trainees significantly
increased after instruction (64% vs. 86%, P < 0.05). The success
rate for ulcers in the upper body of the stomach (59%), a high-difficulty site, was
significantly lower than that for ulcers in the antrum, even after feedback and instruction.
Trainee self-perceived proficiency and confidence significantly improved after
simulation-based training (P < 0.05). Co-occurrence network
analysis showed that trainees valued a structured learning approach, acknowledged simulator
limitations, and recognized the need for continuous skill refinement.

Conclusions Our study demonstrates the potential of our
simulation-based training model as a valuable tool for improving technical skills and
confidence in trainees learning to perform endoscopic hemostasis.
Novel Variants of CEP152 in a Case of Compound-Heterozygous Inheritance of Epilepsy
Authors: Li Weiran , Lu Xiaowei , Shu Jianbo , Cai Yingzi , Li Dong , Cai Chunquan
Published: January 2024

Introduction CEP152 encodes protein Cep152, which associates with centrosome function. The lack of Cep152 can cause centrosome duplication to fail. CEP152 mutates, causing several diseases such as Seckel syndrome-5 and primary microencephaly-9.

Methods In this study, we reported a patient diagnosed with epilepsy in Tianjin Children's Hospital. We performed clinical examination and laboratory test, and whole-exome sequencing was performed for the proband's and his parents' peripheral blood. The suspected compound-heterozygous variant in the CEP152 gene was verified by Sanger sequencing and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction technology.

Results We discovered three variants—two of them from CEP152 and one from HPD. The result showed the variants in CEP152 only. The patient presented with seizures frequently. Sanger sequencing showed two novel variants in CEP152 are in exon26 (NM_014985.3 c.3968C > A p.Ser1323*) and in exon16 (NM_014985.3 c.2034_2036del p.Tyr678*).

Conclusions We reported a novel compound-heterozygous variant in the CEP152 gene in this study. Most of the phenotypes are Seckel syndrome and primary microencephaly, and the novel variant may cause an atypical phenotype that is epilepsy.
Homoeopathy – An Alternative to Conventional Treatment for Infertility
Authors: Rath Padmalaya , Thakur Tushita , Shukla Indu
Published: January 2024

Infertility is a disease of reproductive system in males or females. It is defined as inability to achieve pregnancy after 12 months or more of unprotected sexual intercourse. As per the World Health Organisation, the availability, access and quality of infertility treatment are challenges in most countries especially the middle- and low-income countries. Infertility has a negative psychological and social impact for couples. The cost of conventional treatment which includes medicines and assisted reproductive techniques can be a deterrent for many. Published case reports have shown positive pregnancy outcome in infertility cases treated with homoeopathy due to both male and female causes. There is a need to make homoeopathic treatment for infertility accessible to general population through focused outpatient departments (OPDs) and also consolidate research-based evidence of efficacy of homoeopathy in infertility through well-designed comparative randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Towards this, Dr. D. P. Rastogi Central Research Institute of Homoeopathy has made effort to start weekly infertility OPD. The institute is also in process of initiating a RCT on female infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome cases with comparative arm of conventional treatment and homoeopathic treatment.
Identification of CT Features to Differentiate Pulmonary Sarcoma from Carcinoma
Authors: Mohan Supraja Laguduva , Dhamija Ekta , Bakhshi Sameer , Malik Prabhat Singh , Rastogi Sameer , Sheragaru Hanumanthappa Chandrashekhara , Jain Deepali , Pandey Rambha
Published: January 2024

Background Primary lung sarcoma (PLS) differs in management protocols and prognosis from the more common primary lung carcinoma (PLC). It becomes imperative to raise a high index of suspicion on radiological and pathological features.

Purpose The aim of this study is to highlight the variable imaging appearances of PLS compared with PLC, which impacts radiologic - pathologic correlation.

Materials and Methods A retrospective observational study of 68 patients with biopsy-proven lung tumors who underwent baseline imaging at our tertiary care cancer hospital was conducted between January 2018 and March 2022. The patient details and imaging parameters of the mass on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) were recorded and analyzed for patients with PLS and compared with PLC. Follow-up imaging was available in 9/12 PLS and 52/56 PLC patients.

Results Among 12 patients with PLS, 5 patients had synovial sarcoma on histopathology. PLS was seen in patients with a mean age of 40.8 years; the mass showed a mean size of 13.2 cm, lower lobe (75%), parahilar (75%), hilar involvement (41.7%), oval shape (41.7%), circumscribed (25%) or lobulated (75%) margins, lower mean postcontrast attenuation of 57.3 HU, fissural extension (50%), calcification (50%), and no organ metastasis other than to the lung. PLC (56 patients) was seen in the elderly with a mean age of 54.8 years; the mass showed a mean size of 5.7 cm, irregular shape (83.9%), spiculated margins (73.2%), higher mean postcontrast attenuation (77.3 HU), chest wall infiltration (30.4%), and distant metastasis (58.9%) at baseline imaging. A statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was seen between sarcoma and carcinoma in the mean age, size, site, shape, margins, postcontrast attenuation, presence of calcifications, fissural extension, and distant metastasis.

Conclusion The distinct imaging features of sarcoma help in differentiating it from carcinoma. This can also be used to corroborate with histopathology to achieve concordance and guide clinicians on further approach.
The Intersectionality of Climate Change and Post-Stroke Aphasia
Authors: Greenwald Roby , Laures-Gore Jacqueline S. , Nogueira Leticia M.
Published: January 2024

Persons with communication disabilities including persons with post-stroke aphasia (PWAs) possess a vulnerability to climate change as a result of their communication impairments. The disproportionate effects of climate change are likely to exacerbate preexisting inequities in social determinants of health. Communication disability intersecting with other characteristics subject to discrimination (e.g., race, age, sex, income) may lead to inequities in climate-related adaptive capacity. This article echoes earlier concerns related to climate change and further educates healthcare professionals about the impact of climate change on the global human population, with particular consideration of PWAs. The aims of this article are the following: (1) to broaden the understanding of aphasiologists and clinicians caring for PWAs about climate change and the contributions of human activity (anthropogenic) to this crisis; (2) to describe climate change and its impact on health; (3) to detail the intersectionality of climate and health; (4) to explore climate change and its potential effects on PWAs; and (5) to offer hope through emissions reduction, adaptation, resilience, and immediate change.
The nomos of citizenship: migrant rights, law and the possibility of justice
Authors: Rees Peter
Published: January 2024

Superficially, citizenship appears relatively simple: a legal status denoting political membership. However, critical citizenship studies scholars suggest that citizenship is first and foremost a political practice. When non-citizens, such as irregularised migrants, constitute themselves as citizens through their actions, irrespective of legal status, these practices of citizenship have transformational potential because they are extra-legal. Yet, there is an ambivalence here: rights-claiming migrants tend to frame their key demands within the terms of the law often by calling for the regularisation of their status. This article addresses this ambivalence by adopting a ‘deconstructive method’ to investigate the legal dimensions of citizenship as sites of theoretical and political intervention. It is argued that practices of rights-claiming by irregularised migrants are important to grasp because they mobilise the paradoxes inherent to the fact that universal rights are enshrined in the constitutional texts of modern citizenship in order to generate new legal meanings and horizons of justice. This hypothesis is explored through a series of illustrative examples of rights-claiming taking place within and beyond the formal confines of legal orders. In so doing, the article sets out a novel conceptual framework for analysing how migrants’ claims to justice strategically negotiate citizenship in its legal form.
Factors affecting quality of life and learning-life balance of university students in business higher education
Authors: Szegedi Krisztina , Győri Zsuzsanna , Juhász Tímea
Published: January 2024

This article examines the key factors that determine the quality of life of business students and the extent to which they achieve a learning-life balance, including the individual characteristics that influence them, with a particular focus on the role of the family. The authors conducted a questionnaire survey of 1188 business students and univariate and multivariate analyses, including ANOVA, T-test, correlation, logistic regression, Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), using SPSS version 28 and AMOS version 28. The results show that the most important factors in business students’ quality of life are physical state, psychological state and family relations. Most of them believe that overload can induce stress and burnout during business higher education. The impact of a greater number of demands is that students are less likely to be able to pay attention to their families and pursue their hobbies. Business students in different grades perceive university workloads, expectations and the possibilities of balancing life and learning differently. The quality of life of business students is strongly influenced by the student’s gender, grade and family ties as independent variables and can be associated with emotional intelligence, conscientiousness, cooperation and innovation as factors. However, gender is the only variable in the perception of the characteristics that facilitate the reconciliation of learning and private life.
Value relevance of multifaceted corporate social performance: how do country-specific factors matter?
Authors: Jitmaneeroj Boonlert
Published: January 2024

This study examines the relationship between multidimensional corporate social performance (CSP) and shareholder value, considering the moderating impacts of country-specific factors: economic development, the political system, and culture. Based on a sample of public companies in Asian-Pacific emerging countries over the 2010–2020 period, the findings reveal that the aggregate CSP measure obscures the valuation effect, whereas individual CSP dimensions highlight positive valuation effects. The CSP valuation effect varies across dimensions aimed at different stakeholder groups. Notably, narrowly focused CSP dimensions (community, product responsibility, and workforce) demonstrate more pronounced valuation effects than broadly focused dimensions (human rights). Given CSP’s multifaceted nature, directing attention toward the aggregate measure or incorrect dimensions may yield unwarranted conclusions. To enhance shareholder value through CSP, importance-performance analysis suggests prioritized resource allocation to human rights, community, product responsibility, and workforce dimensions. Intriguingly, the positive valuation effect of CSP is amplified in countries with higher income-per-capita and lower corruption, indicative of economic development and a robust political system, respectively. However, humane orientation—a cultural proxy—exerts no moderating impact on the CSP-shareholder value relationship. Comprehending the moderating roles of country-specific factors bears significant implications for bolstering CSP across diverse global regions.
Can digital tools foster ethical deliberation?
Authors: Sleigh Joanna , Hubbs Shannon , Blasimme Alessandro , Vayena Effy
Published: January 2024

In the age of Machine Learning Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence and Natural Language Processing, digital technologies have become interwoven in various aspects of society, including in our practices for ethical deliberation and decision-making. In this study, we present a systematic mapping and taxonomy of digital tools designed explicitly for this purpose and published between 2010 and 2023. By providing a comprehensive overview of the landscape, we identify the key features and mechanisms employed to facilitate ethical deliberation. This research enhances our understanding of the potential role that digital tools can play in supporting ethical decision-making processes, offering valuable insights for ethicists, educators, government organizations, and private institutions seeking to develop, deploy, or utilize such tools.
Tuning exponential decay factor in oligophenylene molecular junctions with graphene nanoribbon electrodes
Authors: Ding Wence , Liu Guang , Li Xiaobo , Zhou Guanghui
Published: January 2024

We explore the transport properties of oligophenylene molecular junctions, where the center molecule containing 1, 2, or 3 phenyls is sand-wiched between two graphene nanoribbons (GNR) with different edge shapes. According to the obtained results of the first-principles calculations combined with non-equilibrium Green’s function method, we find that the molecular length-dependent resistance of all examined oligophenylene molecular junctions follows well the exponential decay law with different slopes, and the exponential decay factor is sensitive to the edge shape of GNRs and the molecule-electrode connecting configuration. These observations indicate that the current through the oligophenylene molecular junction can be effectively tuned by changing the edge shape of GNRs, the molecular length, and the molecular contacting configuration. These findings provide theoretical insight into the design of molecular devices using GNRs as electrodes.
Robustness and stability of doubly periodic patterns of the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Authors: Yin H. M. , Li J. H. , Zheng Z. , Chiang K. S. , Chow K. W.
Published: January 2024

The nonlinear Schrödinger equation possesses doubly periodic solutions expressible in terms of the Jacobi elliptic functions. Such solutions can be realized through doubly periodic patterns observed in experiments in fluid mechanics and optics. Stability and robustness of these doubly periodic wave profiles in the focusing regime are studied computationally by using two approaches. First, linear stability is considered by Floquet theory. Growth will occur if the eigenvalues of the monodromy matrix are of a modulus larger than unity. This is verified by numerical simulations with input patterns of different periods. Initial patterns associated with larger eigenvalues will disintegrate faster due to instability. Second, formation of these doubly periodic patterns from a tranquil background is scrutinized. Doubly periodic profiles are generated by perturbing a continuous wave with one Fourier mode, with or without the additional presence of random noise. Effects of varying phase difference, perturbation amplitude, and randomness are studied. Varying the phase angle has a dramatic influence. Periodic patterns will only emerge if the perturbation amplitude is not too weak. The growth of higher-order harmonics, as well as the formation of breathers and repeating patterns, serve as a manifestation of the classical problem of Fermi–Pasta–Ulam–Tsingou recurrence.
Graphical analysis-based calculation method of concrete strength
Authors: Wang Xiaohui , Zhang Jie , Wu Xingzheng , Zheng Xuan , Li Huiyun
Published: January 2024

This study established a three-dimensional random spherical aggregate model of concrete. Models with various volume contents of coarse aggregate were sliced, and slice areas were statistically analyzed. To study the effects of the coarse aggregate volume content and the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) strength on concrete’s compressive strength, a concrete strength calculation method based on graphical analysis was proposed. The ratio of crown area B to sectional area A of the spherical aggregate model was found to be close to 1.5. At the ITZ strength below 70% of the mortar strength, the increased volume content of coarse aggregate reduced the compressive strength of concrete, with the opposite trend observed at the ITZ strength exceeding 70% of the mortar strength.
Cost-effective high-performance quantum dot photodetectors with dual polythiophene hole transporting layers
Authors: Wu Junjiang , Gao Mengyuan , Wang Jingjing , Li Saimeng , Zhang Kai , Zhao Wenchao , Li Sunsun , Kuvondikov Vakhobjon , Yin Hang , Ye Long
Published: January 2024

The strong aggregation of Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) severely limits its use as the hole-transport material in emerging quantum dot photodetectors and photovoltaics. Herein, we propose a facile and cost-effective strategy to control the solution-state aggregation of hole transporting layers by designing a dual polythiophene blend based on P3HT and its alkylthio-substituted analogue named Poly(3-hexylthiothiophene) (P3HTT). In our photodetector device, we have used the dual polythiophene as the hole transport layer and achieved a specific detectivity (D*) on the order of 1012 Jones. In particular, by incorporating a small amount of P3HTT into the dual polythiophene mixture, we observed a remarkable 28% performance enhancement. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the solution structure of the dual polythiophene blend, elucidates the evolution of the condensed matter structure, and ultimately presents a promising avenue for enhancing the performance of low-cost quantum dot photodetectors.
Influence of a laser intensity on EUV brightness and ion speed from a laser-assisted discharge-produced plasma
Authors: Sato F. , Nagano A. , Teramoto Y.
Published: January 2024

Laser-assisted discharge-produced plasma (LDP) is one of the ways to generate extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light used in the semiconductor manufacturing processes. This light source uses a pulsed laser and a high-current pulsed electrical discharge to make a high-temperature and high-density tin plasma. One of two rotating disk electrodes, of which surfaces are coated by liquid tin (Sn), is irradiated by the laser to produce tin plasma. The plasma propagates from one electrode (cathode) to the other (anode) and ignites an electrical breakdown between the electrodes. The low-inductance circuit connected to the electrodes provides a current of approximately 15 kA and 150 ns to the tin plasma. The plasma implodes due to its own magnetic pressure, and EUV radiation is emitted from the resultant hot and dense plasma. High-speed ions are also emitted from the plasma and limit the lifetime of the mirror used to collect the EUV light. We need to maximize the light emission and minimize the ion emission. The role of the laser is essential in the LDP EUV source not only to ignite the discharge but also to condition the initial plasma. It influences EUV energy, EUV brightness, and emitted ion speed distribution of the plasma. The experiment suggested that laser intensity higher than 25 GW/cm2 produced high EUV brightness and low emitted ion speed.
Characterization of stability of dynamic particle ensemble systems using topological data analysis
Authors: Sudhan Kumar Harihara
Published: January 2024

Holes are ubiquitous structures in phase space, and their time evolution could indicate an instability in the dynamics of the system. However, the properties of these holes are difficult to study directly due to their theoretical complexity and lack of computational tools. This study proposes the use of persistent homology (PH), a technique from topological data analysis, as a computational tool for analyzing the properties of these phase-space holes, or more formally the H1 homology class according to PH. Initially, by using a toy data set, it is shown that the time evolution and the growth rate of a H1 class in phase space could be obtained by PH. For further validation, PH is applied to particle ensemble systems, such as the Hamiltonian flow and the two-stream instability (TSI). Both the stable case, where no H1 forms, and the unstable case, where H1 forms, were analyzed. It was shown that PH can distinguish between the stable and unstable cases purely from the phase-space time evolution plots. In unstable TSI, the PH also distinguished the transition of the H1 class from linear to non-linear growth. The growth rate, thus, obtained is in excellent agreement with the growth rate of the particle energy in the TSI system.
Terahertz permittivity parameters of monoclinic single crystal lutetium oxyorthosilicate
Authors: Knight Sean , Richter Steffen , Papamichail Alexis , Stokey Megan , Korlacki Rafał , Stanishev Vallery , Kühne Philipp , Schubert Mathias , Darakchieva Vanya
Published: January 2024

The anisotropic permittivity parameters of monoclinic single crystal lutetium oxyorthosilicate, Lu2SiO5 (LSO), have been determined in the terahertz spectral range. Using terahertz generalized spectroscopic ellipsometry (THz-GSE), we obtained the THz permittivities along the a, b, and c⋆ crystal directions, which correspond to the εa, εb, and εc⋆ on-diagonal tensor elements. The associated off diagonal tensor element εac⋆ was also determined experimentally, which is required to describe LSO's optical response in the monoclinic a–c crystallographic plane. From the four tensor elements obtained in the model fit, we calculate the direction of the principal dielectric axes in the a–c plane. We find good agreement when comparing THz-GSE permittivities to the static permittivity tensors from previous infrared and density functional theory studies.
Studying fast-ion populations using oscillations in solid-state neutral-particle analyzer signal and neutral-beam injection power
Authors: Parr E. , McClements K. G. , Heidbrink W. W. , Michael C. A. , Prechel G. , Rivero-Rodriguez J. F. ,   MAST-U Team
Published: January 2024

A method for determining the fast-ion population density in magnetically confined plasmas as a function of pitch-radius, (λ, R), using a solid-state neutral-particle analyzer (ssNPA) signal and neutral-beam injection (NBI) power-output data has been developed. Oscillations in the NBI power output are replicated only in the active part of the ssNPA signal, allowing this to be separated from the passive and background signals, which usually complicate data from this diagnostic. Results obtained using this method are compared with those from standard techniques using data from the Mega-Amp Spherical Tokamak Upgrade spherical tokamak.
A cooled turbine blade design and optimization method considering the cooling structure influence
Authors: Li Shouzuo , Wang Songtao , Luo Lei
Published: January 2024

This study introduces a multidisciplinary design methodology tailored for enhancing the performance of cooled turbine blades by amalgamating thermal and aerodynamic calculation modules. The approach is unique in terms of its integration of a multi-objective optimization platform, aimed at refining aerodynamic performance and gauging the heat transfer capabilities during the preliminary aerodynamic design phase. To accomplish this objective, a one-dimensional pipe-network calculation tool was incorporated into the thermal module to quickly evaluate the heat transfer performance of the blades under different conditions. This tool also provides more realistic film hole inlet boundary conditions essential for three-dimensional aerodynamic calculations. Implementing this platform in optimizing a high-pressure turbine blade revealed a Pareto-optimal front, comprising −η1 and η2 (representing optimization objectives for aerodynamic and heat transfer performance, respectively), showcasing a constrained relationship. Upon scrutinizing three optimization cases against the prototype, optimization case 1 demonstrates the most significant enhancements in aerodynamic performance, showing a 0.2015% improvement in aerodynamic efficiency relative to the prototype. Conversely, optimization case 3 displays a comparatively modest augmentation in aerodynamic performance but excels notably in heat transfer performance, showcasing a 7.61% reduction in the maximum temperature of the blade surface compared to the prototype. Through adept optimization strategies and meticulous variable selection, we maintained a relatively stable mainstream mass flow across the optimization cases (less than 0.05% variation). These findings underscore the efficacy of our multidisciplinary design approach for cooled turbine blades, promising efficiency improvements in current design practices and potential reductions in project duration.