bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synchronization of Electrical Oscillations in the Organization of Social Life of Microorganisms
Authors: Grechenko T.N. , Kharitonov A.N. , Zhegallo A.V. , Sumina E.L. , Sumin D.L.
Published: October 2020

Many microorganisms form communities whose members coordinate their actions in solving common problems. One form of such communities is a biofilm. In the experiments on recovering the integrity by a damaged biofilm, data were obtained on oscillators in relatively quiet and active loci of the film formed by cyanobacteria Oscillatoria terebriformis. To study the interaction between different parts of the biofilm, field potentials were recorded simultaneously from two loci. The presence of a functional connection between different zones of the biofilm was revealed by calculation of the cross-correlation coefficients. The level of synchronization of field potentials between areas was determined using the coefficients of frequency and frequency-time coherence. In the loci of increased and decreased activity, different values of the frequency and amplitude of electrical oscillations were revealed. A high level of synchronization was registered between the active zones, which persisted for several seconds. The registered synchronization of oscillations between the active and quiet loci was considerably lower. The results that characterize the organization of the process of problem solving by a cyanobacterial film as an integral unit can serve as a model of the processes of organization of other biosocial structures for solving problems.
Features of Measuring the Subjective Quality of Life in Different Diagnostic Approaches
Authors: Golovina G.M. , Savchenko T.N.
Published: October 2020

In this paper, the measurements of the subjective quality of life were correlated in different diagnostic approaches, for which the correspondence of the subjective quality of life was measured by means of the SQL scale methodology (Savchenko, Golovina, 2007) and the SCLL questionnaire (Eksakusto, Zaichenko, 2012). The study of the correlation of concepts and scales of two methods having a common theoretical basis, but a different kind of presentation of the points of the techniques, is carried out. It turned out that the similarly or identically named scales and concepts (values) in the two questionnaires significantly correlated. A comparison of the reconstructed factor structures showed the correspondence between the factors of the SQL and the SQL. Both methods allowed to speak about the factor of “emotional and physical health”, the cognitive factor or the factor of “personal growth” and the factor of “famely”, which indicates the compliance of measuring the subjective quality of life and satisfaction with it in both methods, and accordingly, the possibility of using a compact questionnaire as a valid instrument.
Questionnaire «Trust of the Specialist to Equipment (TSE)»
Authors: Akimova A.Y.
Published: October 2020

Results of development and approbation of the questionnaire for assessment of expressiveness of trust of the specialist to the equipment are presented in the article. As a result of approbation reliability and constructive validity of the questionnaire is confirmed, standardization of empirical data is carried out. The data confirming different degree of trust to the equipment of specialists of various fields of activity are obtained (transport, energy, emergency activities). It is emphasized that the developed questionnaire is the universal tool for assessment of expressiveness of trust to the equipment of specialists of various professional spheres. It’s use is possible in a wide range of the researches connected with search of increase in efficiency of interaction with technical systems, increase in professional success and efficiency of activity, psychological wellbeing of the professional and others.
Dense Seismic Array Study of a Legacy Underground Nuclear Test at the Nevada National Security Site
Authors: Onyango Evans Awere , Abbott Robert E. , Worthington Lindsay L. , Preston Leiph A.
Published: October 2020

The complex postdetonation geologic structures that form after an underground nuclear explosion are hard to constrain because increased heterogeneity around the damage zone affects seismic waves that propagate through the explosion site. Generally, a vertical rubble-filled structure known as a chimney is formed after an underground nuclear explosion that is composed of debris that falls into the subsurface cavity generated by the explosion. Compared with chimneys that collapse fully, leaving a surface crater, partially collapsed chimneys can have remnant subsurface cavities left in place above collapsed rubble. The 1964 nuclear test HADDOCK, conducted at the Nevada test site (now the Nevada National Security Site), formed a partially collapsed chimney with no surface crater. Understanding the subsurface structure of these features has significant national security applications, such as aiding the study of suspected underground nuclear explosions under a treaty verification. In this study, we investigated the subsurface architecture of the HADDOCK legacy nuclear test using hybrid 2D–3D active source seismic reflection and refraction data. The seismic data were acquired using 275 survey shots from the Seismic Hammer (a 13,000 kg weight drop) and 65 survey shots from a smaller accelerated weight drop, both recorded by ∼1000 three-component 5 Hz geophones. First-arrival, P-wave tomographic modeling shows a low-velocity anomaly at ∼200  m depth, likely an air-filled cavity caused by partial collapse of the rock column into the temporary postdetonation cavity. A high-velocity anomaly between 20 and 60 m depth represents spall-related compaction of the shallow alluvium. Hints of low velocities are also present near the burial depth (∼364  m). The reflection seismic data show a prominent subhorizontal reflector at ∼300  m depth, a short-curved reflector at ∼200  m, and a high-amplitude reflector at ∼50  m depth. Comparisons of the reflection sections to synthetic data and borehole stratigraphy suggest that these features correspond to the alluvium–tuff contact, the partial collapse cavity, and the spalled layer, respectively.
Using Teleseismic P-Wave Arrivals to Calibrate the Clock Drift of Autonomous Underwater Hydrophones
Authors: Sukhovich Alexey , Perrot Julie , Royer Jean-Yves
Published: October 2020

Networks of autonomous underwater hydrophones (AUHs) are successfully employed for monitoring the low-level seismicity of mid-oceanic ridges by detecting hydroacoustic phases known as T waves. For a precise localization of a seismic event from T-wave arrival times, all AUHs must be synchronized. To this effect, at the beginning of the experiment, all instrument clocks are set to GPS time, which serves as a common reference. However, during the experiment, the instrument clock often deviates from GPS time, and, because the amount of deviation differs from one instrument to another, the synchronization of the AUHs deteriorates, as the experiment progresses in time. Just after the instrument recovery, the time difference (called “skew”) between the instrument and the GPS clocks is measured. Assuming that the skew varies linearly with time, the correction of a time series for the clock drift is a straightforward procedure. When the final skew cannot be determined, correcting for the clock drift is not possible, and any event localization becomes problematic. In this article, we demonstrate that the clock-drift rate (assumed to be time-independent) can be successfully estimated from arrival times of teleseismic P waves, commonly recorded by AUHs. Using a ray-tracing code, and accounting for the uncertainties in event hypocenter locations, origin times, and the Earth seismic-velocity model, confidence intervals of the estimated drift rates are deduced. The validity of the approach is tested on data from two AUHs with known clock drifts. Our results show that a reliable estimation is possible for skews as small as 4 s per two years (corresponding to a drift rate of about 5.5  ms·day−1). This method can also be applied to correct data of other recording instruments subject to internal-clock drift, such as ocean-bottom seismometers, when the skew is unknown.
Global Trends and Directions of Development of Industrial Robots
Authors: Varshavsky A. E. , Dubinina V. V.
Published: October 2020

Purpose: the main purpose of this article is to analyze the main trends and directions of development of industrial robots, as well as the problems associated with their distribution. To achieve these goals, the following tasks were solved: analysis of the dynamics of the stock of industrial robots, the structure of the stock of robots by region (Europe, America, Asia / Australia), as well as the annual volumes and structure of world sales of robots by key industries; analysis of the main tasks of industrial robots, performed by them in these industries, and the directions of their use; analyze the dynamics of the robot fleet by industry in different countries (Japan, USA, South Korea, China, Germany, etc.); analysis of indicators and problems of using industrial robots in Russia.

Methods: the research methodology consists in a comparative analysis of the use of industrial robots in different industries (automotive, food, chemical, electronic, etc.) based on statistical data by country. A systematic approach, tabular and graphical interpretation of information was applied, analysis of the dynamics of the levels of the time series, the calculation of growth indices of indicators.

Results: the analysis showed that the use of industrial robots reduces injuries at the workplace, production costs and improves the quality of the final product, productivity, flexibility and safety, which contributes to a significant increase in their use in both developed and developing countries.

Conclusions and Relevance: recently, robotization has become available even in non-industrial countries. The introduction of robotization into production processes increases the competitiveness of the economy. The acceleration of digitalization and automation, as well as the ease of use of industrial robots, are driving their proliferation. In Russia, the wider use of industrial robots, the development of the industrial Internet of things and the implementation of digitalization are possible only on the basis of the restoration and further development of mechanical engineering, electronic and other manufacturing industries.
Effectiveness of counselling to increase the family of soul patients about drug compliance
Authors: Rahmi Dian , . Rikayoni
Published: October 2020

Background: According to WHO it is known that around 21 million people in the world are affected by schizophrenia and have psychiatric disorders. From the results of Riskesdas 2018 the prevalence of mental disorders in Indonesia is as much as 7%, and around 9.8% of the population experiences mental and emotional disorders. For the coverage of the treatment of people with mental disorders, data obtained by clients who went for treatment 48.9% for routine treatment and 51.1% for no routine treatment. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of health promotion using counseling methods to increase the knowledge of mental patients' families about taking medication in the Adult Outpatient Polyclinic at the RSJ Prof. Hb Saanin Padang.Methods: This type of research is quasi-experimental (Quasi Experimental, Design uses One Group Pretest Postest design model. This research was conducted at RSB Haan Saanin Padang. The population in this study was the families of mental patients who visited the Polyclinic as many as 649 people with the number of respondents as many as 87 people, the sampling technique was by accidental sampling Statistical tests using the Non-Parametric Test (Wilcoxon Test).Results: Research results show that the mean range of Pre-Test knowledge is 8.48±1,982 and Postest knowledge is 17.13±1,641, with a p value p=0,000 (p≤0.05).Conclusions: Health promotion using counseling methods has a significant effect in increasing the family knowledge of mental patients about medication adherence.
Assessment of infrastructure, manpower and functioning of an anganwadi centre of an urban area of south 24 parganas, West Bengal, India
Authors: Rituraj Dey , Rajib Sikder , Sankha Kundu Subha , Kanti Majumdar Kunal , Kumar Joardar Goutam
Published: October 2020

Background: ICDS is one of the flagship programmes of the Government of India. Proper utilization of ICDS services depend on factors like infrastructure, accessibility, availability of resources and satisfaction of the beneficiaries. ICDS services are essential for promotion of health and nutritional status of mothers and adolescents; psychological, physical, social development of children. The scheme is important to reduce morbidity, mortality, malnutrition, school dropouts among the beneficiaries. To assess the overall functioning, a cross sectional study was conducted in an Anganwadi Centre of South 24 Parganas district of West Bengal.Methods: In 2019, a cross-sectional study conducted in an Anganwadi centre at Sonarpur block, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal. Out of 26 AWCs present in Sonarpur block, 1 AWC selected randomly for study. Data collected with a predesigned, pretested and structured oral questionnaire.Results: AWC was in a shared club room with adequate infrastructure. Manpower adequate. Materials and equipment’s adequate, well maintained. 91% children had available growth charts, 96% accurately plotted. 15% moderately undernourished, rest were normal. 54% children getting non formal preschool education. 64% mothers attending mothers’ meeting. 93% of 6 months to 3 years of children, 87% of 3-6 years of children and 100% of the pregnant and lactating mothers were getting supplementary nutrition. 47% adolescents availing the IFA/ deworming services. Kerosene used for cooking fuel.Conclusions: Few gaps identified related to growth monitoring, reporting of beneficiaries, delivering of some services. Those gaps need to be addressed for improved functioning of the AWC.
Effect of video-assisted structured teaching program on knowledge of breast self-examination among female college students of Puducherry: a pre and post experimental study
Authors: Mathew Neethu Mariya , Ramakrishnan Jayalakshmy , Venkatesan Yamuna Thirvanthipuram , Chandar Deepika
Published: October 2020

Background: Breast self-examination (BSE) is an easy method for early detection of breast cancer that can be performed by self at home. The present study was done to assess the effect of video-assisted structured teaching program on knowledge of BSE among female college students of Puducherry.Methods: This pre and post experimental study was conducted in September 2014 among 160 college students at government women’s college, Puducherry who were aged 18-26 years. The knowledge was assessed using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire following which breast self-examination techniques were taught to them using a video. The post-assessment was done after 14 days of teaching program using the same tool.Results: Of the 160 participants, 90% were undergraduates, 85.6% were Hindus, 58.1% were from rural area and 5.6% were having family history of breast cancer. The knowledge regarding the breast cancer was good even before the intervention and the media was the main source of information.  The video-assisted structured teaching used in this study was effective to improve the overall awareness score for breast cancer and BSE significantly. The change in knowledge regarding the steps and the pattern of performing BSE was not statistically significant.Conclusions: The video-assisted teaching used was found to be effective in improving the knowledge regarding BSE. This type of regular health education with short videos can be a useful method for imparting knowledge to college students about BSE. However, the exact technique of performing BSE needs further reinforcement among the study participants.
Correlation between fine needle aspiration cytology and histopathological examination in thyroid swellings-a pilot study
Authors: Gupta Sanjay V. , Munjal Manish , Gupta Devyani , Gupta Siddharth , Munjal Shubham , Kashal Ishita Gupta , Chopra Hemant
Published: October 2020

Background: Thyroid swellings are an enigma that necessitates either, a partial thyroidectomy and a tissue diagnosis to be followed by completion surgery or straightaway a radical intervention. A preoperative presumptive diagnosis of a thyroid swelling, solitary or otherwise is correlated with the post-surgical histopathological finding in the present study.Methods: 30 patients of thyroid nodules were selected from the head-neck tumour clinic of Dayanand medical college hospital, Ludhiana. Pre-operative fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was performed and subjects taken for thyroidectomy, partial or total as the case maybe.Results: There were 20 (66.6%) females in the age group 25-65 years and 10 males (33.3%) 19-50 years with thyroid nodules. 86.6%, 26 patients were of follicular adenoma, 10% 3 patients of papillary carcinoma and 3.33% 1 patient of follicular carcinoma. No case in this study was reported as medullary carcinoma. In the cytological diagnosis of follicular neoplasm in 5 cases, 3 were diagnosed as thyroid adenoma, 2 were finally found to be papillary carcinoma. Overall sensitivity of fine needle aspiration was 40%. There was 84.6% agreement in follicular adenoma; 33% in papillary carcinoma and 100% in follicular carcinoma, and overall accuracy was 85.7%.Conclusion: FNAC is an ideal preoperative investigative modality in thyroid swellings with overall accuracy of 85 % and can differentiate preoperatively a benign from a   malignant thyromegaly; and thereby plan extent of surgery, with or without a neck dissection, Maximum cases of follicular adenoma could be easily diagnosed with this aspiration modality.
Prevalence of depression and its associated factors among the doctors working in a private medical college, Trichy- a cross sectional study
Authors: Ponnan Sathasivam , Mareeswaran N. , . Thalha , Tamizhan T.
Published: October 2020

Background: Stress is one among the leading health problem throughout the world. Stress due to family problems and work related are often encountered. Among the various professionals, health care providers are found to be more depressed than others. This study was conducted with an objective to study the socio demographic characters of the study participants, to study the depression status of the study participants and to study the association between various factors and depression.Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study done among the doctors working in a tertiary teaching hospital. A total of 150 participants were included in this study. Simple random sampling method was used to identify the study participants.Results: Around 76% of the participants belongs to the age group of 20-30 years of age. 71.3% of the study population were junior residents. Nearly 64% were found to be depressed among which 8% were found to be on severely depressed. Statistical significant association was found between factors like designation and time spending with family with depression.Conclusions: Since stress and burnout became the leading mental health problems, and health care providers posing as a vulnerable group by virtue of their profession. Hence behavioral therapy sessions and stress management programs are to be conducted frequently to screen as well to relieve from the mental health issues.
Characteristics of patients infected with SARS COVID-19 admitted at COVID health facilities in one of the aspirational district of India: a retrospective study
Authors: Sharma Ekta , Katoch Gurmeet , Guleri Rajesh , Bhardwaj Jalam
Published: October 2020

Background: COVID-19 is the third corona virus that has emerged among the human population in the last two decades. The main aim of this study was to describe the epidemiologic features, clinical presentation of first 52 patients diagnosed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted at COVID health facilities.Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted over a period of three months from 1st April 2020 to 30th June 2020. We obtained demographic, epidemiological, clinical, laboratory data from the medical records of patients infected with SARS-Cov-2. The categorical variables were expressed in terms of frequency and percentages and the continuous variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation. In addition to descriptive analysis, Pearson’s chi- square test was applied to ascertain the associations between certain variables.Results: The mean age of participants was 29±11.67 years with a male preponderance. Forty three (83%) patients had travel history within India in the previous 30 days i.e. from Delhi (35%), Haryana (15%), Tamilnadu (11%), Himachal Pradesh (8%), Maharashtra (1.9%), Punjab (8%), and Uttar Pradesh (4%). Majority of the patients (90%) were asymptomatic. The age group of 21-30 years was the most affected group (44%) as comparison to the other age groups. No mortality was reported and 100% recovery rate was found.Conclusions: In conclusion, COVID-19 affects a wide-range of patients, from youth to the elderly.  In this study, all the COVID-19 infected patients were classified as mild as most were asymptomatic. Close monitoring and large-scale control strategies will be needed to prevent widespread transmission within the community.
Association of transfusion transmitted infections with ABO and Rh D blood group system in healthy blood donors: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Prakash Satya , Sahoo Dibyajyoti , Mishra Debasish , Routray Sumansudha , Ray Gopal Krushna , Das Pankaj Kumar , Mukherjee Somnath
Published: October 2020

Background: Transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) involves several adverse consequences. Studies have shown that ABO blood groups have some association with various infectious and non-infectious diseases. Few blood groups even can act as a receptor and ligand for infectious agents. The objective of the study was to find out any significant association of TTIs with various ABO and Rh D blood group system.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted from July 2016 to October 2018. Blood donors’ blood was tested for ABO and Rh D grouping and five mandatory TTI markers as per Drugs and Cosmetics Act. Chi-square test was performed to look for any association of TTIs with ABO and Rh D blood group.Results: 10,510 healthy donors were screened for TTI and 199 (1.89%) were positive for various TTIs. Hepatitis B had maximum prevalence (102 cases, 0.97%) followed by Hepatitis C (44 cases, 0.41%) and HIV (37 cases, 0.35%). Maximum TTI seroreactive donors were found among ‘B’ blood group (2.21%, 77 cases) followed group ‘A’ donors (2.16%, 53 cases), ‘O’ donors (1.57%, 60 cases) and ‘AB’ donors (1.17%, 9 cases), respectively. However, the risk of association of TTI was not statistically significant with ABO and Rh D blood group.Conclusions: Although no significant association was observed between ABO and Rh D blood groups with TTIs, Hepatitis B was found to be most common infection in blood donors. This high prevalence points towards critical need of comprehensive public health approach to achieve elimination of TTI.
Socioeconomic determinants of anaemia in preschool children in Uttar Pradesh: evidence from NFHS-4 survey
Authors: Kumar Anil , Gulati Bal Kishan , Sahu Damodar , Ranjan Varsha , Rao M. V. Vardhana
Published: October 2020

Background: In India, 89 million preschool children (6-59 months) suffer from anaemia. As per NFHS-4, the prevalence of anaemia in Uttar Pradesh was 63.2%. A study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of anaemia among preschool children and to examine rural-urban differentials and association of socioeconomic determinants with anaemia. The secondary data of the National Family Health Survey-4 conducted in the year 2015-16 was used.Methods: The prevalence of anaemia was calculated and chi-square test and binary logistic regression was carried out to identify the association between anaemia status and socioeconomic factors.Results: Results show that 78% and 77% children in 12-23 months age group were anaemic in urban and rural areas respectively. Around 72% and 65% children whose mothers had no formal education were anaemic in urban and rural areas respectively. Around 73% of children belonging to poorest wealth index in urban areas and 64% belonging to poorer wealth index in rural areas were anaemic. Around 70% children whose mothers had anaemia were anaemic in both urban and rural areas of the state.Conclusions: The association between anaemia in preschool children and different socioeconomic variables was profound.  Educational status of mother and anaemia in mothers have a significant role in reduction of anaemia.  The socioeconomic conditions of households, education level of mothers and their anaemia status need to be improved to reduce anaemia in preschool children in Uttar Pradesh and it requires immediate attention of planners and policy makers.
Assessing the knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding COVID-19 and homoeopathy among the citizens of Delhi and national capital region, India: a cross-sectional online survey
Authors: Wadhwani Gyandas G. , Chaudhary Anupriya , Chadha Aditi , Kaur Lovepreet , Chaudhary Khushbu , Choudhary Varun
Published: October 2020

Background: Delhi and NCR of India is densely populated with access to an integrated health care delivery system, with a promoted preventive homoeopathic medicine for flu like illnesses. To assess knowledge, attitudes and practices to this unanticipated situation and infectious disease pandemic of COVID-19 continues to be a global and public health challenge.Methods: A survey was conducted. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted in a sample of the residents of Delhi and NCR using a self-prepared pilot-tested structured format. The obtained data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: 925 people completed the survey with 55.5% of the study group being females. Mean knowledge score obtained was 7.57±1.41 while mean attitude score was 3.27±1.31. Majority of the respondents (86%) had an adequate knowledge about the disease in general and were optimistic about recovery from the disease. Gender had negligible impact on the average knowledge score, while the score differed significantly with education and occupation. In the absence of an available vaccine, 29.47% respondents considered prophylactic potential of homoeopathy.Conclusions: Results reveal adequate knowledge and practices in the educated residents but below average mean attitude score. Public has welcomed the governmental initiative of homoeopathic prophylactic, and their belief in its therapeutic potential furthers the studies to determine its role as an adjuvant. Further extensive cross-sectional surveys to cover various strata of population are required to assess the widespread pattern of KAP in the general population.
Workplace eye safety: a neglected essential
Authors: Patel Aastha N. , Ganvit Shankar S.
Published: October 2020

Background: An occupational hazard is a hazard experienced in the workplace. This includes many types of hazards like chemical hazards, biological hazards, psychosocial hazards and physical hazards. Occupational ocular trauma holds significant proportion of visual morbidity worldwide. This can be prevented with the use of proper protective eyewear and strict compliance. This survey was conducted to study occupational related ocular hazard in our tertiary health care system hospital having patients involved in various occupations.Methods: A total of 90 occupational ocular injuries were recorded during study period. The age group of the patients to be studied was between 20 to 60 years. Brief history of present complaints, detailed clinical history and occupation history as like type of work, working environment, place, working hours was recorded. Required ophthalmological check-up was done. All valid responses were tabulated and analysed. Appropriate treatment was given.Results: Our study showed that majority (85.6%) of patients were not wearing protective eye equipment. Male to female ratio was approximately 3:1. Major age group affected was between 31-40 years (41.1%). Welders (40%) were more prone to injury occupation wise.Conclusions: Occupational eye injury is often severe and it contributes to significant loss. Incompliance of appropriate protective eye wear can lead to potential eye damage and permanent blindness.
A study on stigma and apprehensions related to COVID-19 among healthcare professionals in Delhi
Authors: Yadav Kartikey , Laskar Ananya Ray , Rasania S. K.
Published: October 2020

Background: Public health emergencies during pandemics of communicable diseases, may cause fear leading to social isolation and stigma. Cases have been reported of healthcare professionals (HCPs), facing discrimination on account of heightened fear and misinformation. However, there is dearth of literature with regards to the nature and magnitude of this stigma. Hence, this study was conducted to assess perceived and experienced stigma related to the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among HCPs and also assess their apprehensions about testing, quarantine/isolation and consuming Hydroxy-chloroquine as prophylaxis (HCQ).Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken among the HCPs working in Delhi during the period May to July 2020. The study was conducted using a semi-structured online questionnaire which was circulated on official contact numbers and email IDs of HCPs in the Google.doc format.Result: Seventy percent of the participants in the current study perceived some kind of stigma, 50% of study participants perceived some form of stigma in their residential colony, 46% observed change in behaviour of their neighbours. Around 20% of participants experienced stigma, most commonly being rude behaviour or harassment from neighbour/landlord. A statistically significant association was observed between marital status (p=0.038), designation (p=0.021) and place of stay (p=0.013) of the study participants and perceived stigma among them. The level of awareness regarding HCQ was high (94.3%), but more than 60% didn’t consume it due to apprehension about side effects.Conclusion: In view of the substantial stigma faced by the HCP, necessary measures to curb the fear and dispel misinformation related to COVID-19 must be undertaken. the rural population.
A cross-sectional study to assess internet addiction among medical undergraduate students of government medical college in Agra, India
Authors: Aqeel Khan I. , Misra S. K.
Published: October 2020

Background: Internet has become an essential part of one’s life in this modern era where technology is taking over the world. Risk of Internet addiction (IA) has increased in this year 2020, due to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, where most of time students are restricted to their homes thus relying on social media to be in touch with outer world, moreover surfing of web, as well as online learning practices increased their screen and internet exposure time. Hence, we conducted a study to assess internet addiction among medical undergraduate students of Government Medical College in Agra.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 600 medical undergraduate students of S.N. Medical College, Agra. A self-administered, pre-validated questionnaire was used and a total of 488 students responded. E-questionnaire consist of questions about demographic information and internet usage pattern, it also contains Young’s IA test scale to measure internet addiction. Data obtained was analyzed and inferences were drawn.Results: The prevalence of IA was 61.5%. Mean ± Standard deviation (SD) age of the participants was 22.27±1.59 years and 48.36% were males. IA was significantly associated with male students, higher family income group and higher year of academic course. IA was also statistically significant with higher number of years since using internet, greater screen and internet usage time.Conclusion: Internet addiction is a growing problem among students of professional courses especially in medical colleges. IA has psychological, physical, and social impact on student’s life. So, it is necessary to develop strategies for prevention of internet addiction.
A literature review on depression and its risk factors among people suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Asian sub-continent
Authors: Sharma Amrit
Published: October 2020

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined as persistent airflow limitation that is usually progressive and associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airways and the lung to noxious particles or gases. It has been suggested that emotional disturbances such as depression and anxiety are common among patients with COPD. This review aims to highlight the presence of depression and associated risk factors among patients suffering from COPD in Asia. Fifty-eight observational studies were retrieved through data sources like PubMed, Medical subject heading (MeSH) search and Google scholar. After thorough screening total thirteen studies were identified and included in this review. Based on the results of these studies, the south and west Asian countries had higher proportion of depression. However, risk factor results were mixed which includes severity of obstruction/global initiative for obstructive lung disease (GOLD) criteria, Stage 2 COPD, teetotallers, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnoea, and exercise (BODE) index, urban residence, female gender, education level, dyspnoea, low income, poor Quality of life (QOL) scores, age, poor self-reported health, basic activity of daily living (BADL) disability. Further superior research studies with larger sample size are required on Asian population. All in all, it is recommended that early diagnosis and treatment of depression should be included as a part of management in COPD as it can help to minimize the risk of morbidity and mortality in the patients.
Variable Clinical Manifestations of COVID-19; Viral and Human Genomes Talk
Authors: Imani-Saber Zeinab , Vaseghi Hajar , Mahdian Mojdeh , Safari Fatemeh , Ghadami Mohsen
Published: October 2020

The new coronavirus, known as “SARS-CoV-2”; is the cause of one of the most prevalent infectious viral diseases that was recently announced pandemic by the world health organization. Ongoing research in the fields of prevention, management, and therapy establishes a functional scaffold for clinics during the time of crisis. To obtain this goal, it is necessary that all pathophysiologic aspects of COVID-19 from infection to predisposing backgrounds of infection be identified, so that all the ambiguities of researchers regarding transmission mechanisms, variable clinical manifestation, and therapeutic response can be solved. Here, we firstly discuss about the homology screening between nCoV-2019 and beta-coronavirus family using phylogenetic analyses. Secondly, we analyzed the viral motifs to show that viral entry into the host cells requires a primary activation step performed by FURIN and FURIN-like-mediated enzymatic cleavage on the structural glycoprotein. The cleavage increases viral performance by 1000 folds. We then present a comprehensive view on host cells and the significance of gene variants affecting activation enzymes, supportive entry, and spread mechanisms in humans including renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) a pathway results in certain phenotypes or exacerbate infection-related phenotypes in different organs, hence causes variable clinical manifestations. This is followed by discussing about the importance of personalized medicine in nCoV-2019 exposure. Moreover, chemical drugs prescribed for individuals affected with COVID-19, as well as genes involved in drug transport and metabolisms are reviewed as a prelude to drug response. Finally, we suggest some therapeutic approaches developed based on new methods and technology such as anti-sense therapy and antibodies.
How Does 2016 WHO Criteria for Polycythemia Vera Contribute to Our Daily Practice? A Single-Center Study from Turkey
Authors: Eren Rafet , Funda Sevinçoğlu Bahar , Evrim Doğan Esma , Aydın Demet , Nizam Nihan , Demirel Naciye
Published: October 2020

Background: We evaluated the frequency of subnormal erythropoietin levels, JAK2V617F positivity and polycythemia vera (PV) in patients who did not meet WHO 2008 criterion for hemoglobin levels but were suggested to be investigated for PV in 2016 revision.
Materials and Methods: We assessed the data of 92 patients, who were further evaluated with JAK2V617F mutation and serum erythropoietin (EPO) levels and bone marrow biopsy, if necessary. We also compared this patient group with 20 patients whose Hgb>18.5 g/dL for men and >16.5 g/dL for women.
Results: Nine patients (45%) in the higher hemoglobin group were JAK2V617F positive, while 4 patients (4.3%) in the lower hemoglobin group were JAK2V617F positive (p<0.001). The number of patients with serum EPO levels <4.3 mIU/mL was significantly higher in the higher hemoglobin group (n=13, 65%) than the lower hemoglobin group (n=7, 7.6%) (p<0.001). Finally, the number of patients who received a diagnosis of PV was significantly higher in the higher hemoglobin group (n=13, 65%) than the lower hemoglobin group (n=9, 9.8%) (p<0.001).
Conclusion: We found a substantial increase in patients who were candidates for testing for PV with the introduction of WHO 2016 criteria; these patients were diagnosed with PV with a rate (9.8%) that cannot be underestimated.
Aberrant Phenotypes in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Its Relationship with Prognosis and Survival: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Henrique Sousa Pinheiro Lucio , Dantas Trindade Louise , Fernandes de Oliveira Costa Amanda , de Lima Silva Nathanielly , Freire Sandes Alex , Antônio Prado Nunes Marco , Bani Correa Cristiane , Arthur Cardoso Almeida Carlos , Silveira da Cruz Geydson , Pereira de Lyra Junior Divaldo , Marta Schimieguel Dulce
Published: October 2020

Background: The aim of this review was to evaluate the influence of aberrant phenotypes in prognosis and survival in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients by multiparametric flow cytometry.
Materials and Methods: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a review of PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and Web of Science was carried out through 1998 to 2016, conducted by two reviewers independently, evaluating titles, abstracts and full-texts of the selected studies.
Results: Ten studies were included on this review, in which the aberrant phenotype expression of 17 markers were detected in AML patients. From these, 11 aberrant phenotypes were associated with prognosis, which eight had shown negative impact on prognosis: CD7, CD56, CD15, CD2, CD3, CD90low, CD123high, CD117high, and three others were associated with good prognosis: CD19, CD98high and CD117+/CD15+. Meta-analysis showed that aberrant expression of CD56 as a poor prognostic marker with unfavorable outcomes is implicated in decreased overall survival in AML patients in 28 months (95% CI: 0.62 to 0.92).
Conclusion: This was observed when there was association between CD56 expression and other prognostic factors, influencing on patients’ management care and treatment.
O vazio da palavra: considerações sobre a parresía como critério científico
Authors: Marques Lucio Alvaro
Published: October 2020

O artigo analisa a situação da produção acadêmica, sobretudo dissertações e teses, e o pequeno uso dessas pesquisas na formação de futuros pesquisadores. O objetivo é avaliar o sentido e alcance da produção acadêmica em relação à apropriação e uso de teses e dissertações na formação de novos pesquisadores. Por isso, questiona-se, por um lado, o silêncio em torno à produção acadêmica, visto que há pouco uso desse tipo de bibliografia nas pesquisas existentes sobre os mesmos temas. Por outro lado, debate-se a questão da rara originalidade reconhecida nessas produções que parece ser obstáculo a novas leituras. Para entender as razões de tais ocorrências necessário se faz interrogar, em primeiro lugar, as implicações da metodologia científica na produção e, em segundo, o debate em torno à neutralidade e objetividade acadêmica. Em terceiro lugar, como hipótese de trabalho, apresenta-se a possibilidade de recorrer à parresía tanto como critério científico quanto como possibilidade de redimensionar a lógica da produção acadêmica e fomentar a busca de originalidade.
Diskretne strukture
Authors: Peterin Iztok
Published: October 2020

V učbeniku so predstavljene nekatere veje diskretne matematike, ki so še posebej uporabne v računalništvu. Tako se sprehodimo skozi logiko, s posebnim poudarkom na dokazu. Sledijo teorije, pri katerih igra poglavitno vlogo matematična indukcija oziroma bolj splošno induktivna posplošitev. Spoznamo osnove kombinatorike in teorije števil. Predstavljene so rekurzivne relacije, s katerimi lahko opišemo ponavljajoče se procese. To nam omogoča tudi vrednotenje algoritmov glede na čas potreben za njegovo izvedbo. Relacije, ki so podmnožice kartezičnega produkta poljubnih množic, predstavljajo širok vir presenetljivih rezultatov. Eden izmed njih rezultira v mrežah in njihovih posebnih predstavnikih Booleovih algebrah. Končamo z grafi, ki predstavljajo neverjetno uporaben matematični model za simuliranje procesov iz realnega življenja.
Fikih Zakat Hewan Ternak dalam Perspektif Syekh Ahmad bin al-Hasan al-Asfahani (Abu Syuja’)
Authors: Pratama Indra , Ibrahim Duski , Bukhori KA
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau dan mengkaji fikih zakat hewan ternak dalam persfektif Abu Syuja’. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitif dengan pendekatan studi kepustakaan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kajian tersebut sangat mudah diaplikasikan, dihapal dan dipelajari untuk pemula di Indonesia dengan bentuk karangan yang sistematik sehingga terasa sangat berbeda dengan kitab-kitab fikih yang lainnya, ditambah lagi bahwa Abu Syuja’ merupakan ulama ternama Syafi’iyah (Imam Syafi’i), sehingga sangat efektif ketika dipraktekkan di Indonesia bahkan di Asia yang mayoritas masyarakatnya mengadopsi dari mazhab Imam Syafi’i. Dan dalam tinjauan ini Abu Syuja’ mengutip bahwa hewan ternak yang wajib dikeluarkan zakatnya terdiri atas unta, sapi atau kerbau dan kambing atau domba yang sudah mencapai haul dan nisab serta telah memenuhi syarat-syarat yang telah ditentukan, ternyata Beliau juga ber-istidlal dengan hadis-hadis sahih yaitu derajatnya marfu’ atau disandarkan langsung kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW.
Kesiapan Madrasah untuk Keberlanjutan Proses Pendidikan Perspektif Teologi Perubahan di Era Industri 4.0
Authors: Hadi Abdul
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana kesiapan madrasah di era industri 4.0 agar tetap eksis dan berlanjut dalam usaha mencerdaskan anak bangsa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan continuity and change. Pendekatan ini memandang bahwa fenomena sosial, termasuk tradisi sistem pendidikan madrasah sekarang ini merupakan kesinambungan dari tradisi yang ada sebelumnya, walaupun seringkali mengalami beberapa perubahan dan pengembangan. Penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa pada prinsipnya madrasah semestinya mempunyai potensi besar untuk berkembang karena mempunyai social power yang dimilikinya. Madrasah yang eksistensinya berada di wilayah yang memiliki masyarakat muslim terbesar di dunia. Kondisi tersebut jelas mempunyai hubungan vertikal antara madrasah dengan masyarakat sebagai objek transformasi dalam mewariskan serta melestarikan eksistensi keyakinan dan nilai keislaman.
Kolaborasi Peran Orang Tua dan Guru dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Berbasis Online di Rumah
Authors: Zakariyah Anik , Hamid Abdulloh
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pentingnya 1) peran orangtua dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Peserta didik berbasis online, 2) peran guru dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Peserta didik berbasis online. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif korelasional. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: Pembelajaran online yang dilakukan di rumah dengan pengawasan dan kontrol dari orang tua sebagaimana yang terjadi akhir-akhir ini memiliki banyak dampak positif dan negatif, diantaranya: 1) dampak positif: materi dapat diakses oleh pelajar dimanapun dan kapanpun, pelajar dapat melakukan pembelajaran atau membaca materi sambil melakukan kegiatan santai, aman dari virus corona, mayoritas orang tua menjadi melek akan informasi dan teknologi. 2) dampak negatif: kejahatan cyber yang dapat menyerang aplikasi-aplikasi pembelajaran onlin atau daring, kegiatan belajar mengajar yang tidak sama efektifnya dengan pembelajaran tatap muka, tugas yang menumpuk, penguasaan orang tua dan guru akan teknologi masih rendah, keterbatasan sarana dan prasarana (kuota, sinyal, biaya, pendidikan orang tua dan lain-lain). khusus dalam hal pembelajaran online yang terjadi akhir-akhir ini, literasi teknologi perlu dipelajari oleh seluruh stakeholder pendidikan, terutama dalam pemanfaatannya sebagai pembelajaran daring atau online yang saat ini berlangsung. adapun hal-hal yang perlu dipahami dan disadari oleh stakeholder pendidikan antara lain: 1) orang tua 2) guru, 3) sekolah dan 4) pemerintah.
Vivências do cuidado de enfermagem em unidade de diálise: relato de experiência
Authors: Costa Beta Cleide Pereira , Duarte Fernando Hiago Da Silva , Lima Maria Alzete de , Oliveira Amanda Nicoli Vital de , Mendonça Ana Elza Oliveira de
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Relatar a experiência vivenciada por uma discente de enfermagem ao cuidar de pacientes renais em hemodiálise. Método: Estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência realizado em uma unidade de diálise na região Nordeste do Brasil. Resultados: Os profissionais de enfermagem desenvolvem assistência direta aos pacientes, antes, durante e após a sessão de hemodiálise, com ênfase na monitoração dos sinais vitais e na prevenção de complicações. Conclusão: A discente vivenciou o processo de trabalho da equipe de enfermagem no cuidado ao paciente renal, atuando na prevenção e atendimento das principais complicações decorrentes do procedimento dialítico, visando a reduzir danos e a elevar a qualidade assistencial.
A implementação do programa saúde na escola em três municípios de Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Pereira Paula Luciana Gonçalves , Pereira Myriam Dantas , Faria Rafaela Das Graças Santiago , Cordeiro Darilene Rocha , Lanza Fernanda Moura , Viegas Selma Maria Fonseca
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Compreender a adesão e implementação do Programa Saúde na Escola em três municípios de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Métodos: Estudo de casos múltiplos holístico-qualitativo fundamentado na Sociologia Compreensiva do Cotidiano, em municípios de regiões sanitárias distintas do estado de Minas Gerais, em 2016. Totalizaram-se 91 participantes, sendo 53 profissionais da educação e 38 da área da saúde. Resultados: apontam a relevância do Programa e do elo Saúde e Educação para a prevenção de riscos e agravos e a promoção da saúde; os desafios enfrentados se mostram na incipiente integração entre os setores, nas ações descontínuas e pontuais, na escassez de recursos humanos, e no desconhecimento do Programa Saúde na Escola ou de seus pressupostos por alguns profissionais. Conclusão: ao analisar a implementação do Programa Saúde na Escola e o cotidiano de trabalho expresso pelos profissionais da Saúde e da Educação, observou-se diferentes impasses e formas de implementação prática frente à sua gênese.