bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Academic Development of Chinese Social Psychology: A Citation Analysis of Social Psychology Articles Published by Chinese Scholars During 2006 to 2015
Authors: Xie Wei , Dang Junhua , Lee Chao-Hsü , Pan Wenjing , Kung Connie , Liang Jing , Dong Feng , Ren Yingyin
Published: November 2024

Chinese social psychology developed vigorously, and its scientific achievement showed explosive growth from 2000 to 2015. Based on typical Chinese social psychology articles published between 2006 and 2015, the development trend of this discipline was investigated in this article by means of citation analysis. There were 61,284 references in 1,982 typical Chinese social psychology essays, which were retrieved from the database of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Web of Science (WoS) and general literature database. The results were as follows: (a) The primary types of journal citation in the discipline of Chinese social psychology were English journals rather than Chinese journals; (b) The research hotspot of social psychology in China, as reflected by the top cited authors, involved both indigenous psychology and social psychology of culture; (c) The literature obsolescence rate of Chinese citations was declining and much lower than before; (d) Collaborations increased in Chinese social psychology articles, but remained significantly lower than collaborations in English articles.
Exploring the Factors Affecting Career Choices of Undergraduate Emirati Students
Authors: Mohebi Laila , David Solomon Arulraj
Published: November 2024

This study explores the determinants of career choices among Emirati students, engaging 550 students from selected universities in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Employing a phenomenological approach, the research utilized a survey questionnaire to understand the impact of various factors such as parental influence, educational institutions, university programs, and socio-economic elements on the career decisions of undergraduate Emirati students. Out of 550 targeted participants, 400 completed surveys were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. The findings reveal a predominant influence of parents, followed by significant roles of schools and socio-economic factors, in shaping career choices. University programs, while less directly influential, play a nuanced role, often aligning with students’ interests and parental expectations rather than directly dictating career paths. The study acknowledges its limitations, including its focus on a specific demographic within the UAE and the potential for response bias. Future research is suggested to examine the longitudinal effects of these factors on career development and to explore the impact of emerging economic trends. Additionally, comparative studies with students from other regions could provide a broader understanding of these dynamics.
The Impact of Social Support on Entrepreneurial Well-being: The Role of Entrepreneurial Passion and Entrepreneurial Efficacy
Authors: Huang Meijiao , Wang Juan , Su Xiaofeng
Published: November 2024

Drawing upon social cognition theory and social support theory, this study investigates the impact of social support on entrepreneurial well-being. Using a valid sample of 228 entrepreneur respondents who are supported by Youth Business China (YBC), this study provides compelling evidence regarding the following key findings: Firstly, family support has a significantly positive impact on entrepreneurs’ entrepreneurial well-being. Partner support significantly and positively affects entrepreneurs’ subjective well-being, although it does not significantly impact objective well-being. The positive impact of social support from institutions on entrepreneurial well-being is not significant. Secondly, partner support and institutional support have significant positive impacts on entrepreneurial passion. However, family support does not exhibit a significant positive effect on positive emotions. Instead, it significantly contributes to entrepreneurial identity. Thirdly, entrepreneurial passion demonstrates a significantly positive impact on entrepreneurial well-being. Fourthly, entrepreneurship passion plays a mediating role between social support and entrepreneurial well-being. Finally, entrepreneurial efficacy positively moderates the relationship between social support and entrepreneurial passion. The study culminates with practical implications for entrepreneurs and policymakers in entrepreneurial practices.
Assessing Current Knowledge of Hearing Impairment With Diabetes by Surveying Providers With CBDCE Certification
Authors: Zelnicek Taylor D. , Sewell Hayley E. , Planas Lourdes G. , Skaggs Joanne C. , Lim Jonea , Johnson Carole E. , O’Neal Katherine S.
Published: November 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to assess current knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding hearing impairment and screening referrals in patients with diabetes among providers who have a Certified Diabetes Care and Education Specialist (CBDCE) Certification.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey created through Qualtrics was emailed to health care providers in the United States with CDCES certification. Providers responded regarding knowledge and importance of hearing impairment compared to other diabetes complications, when they would refer a patient to an audiologist, the percentage of patients referred, and awareness of over-the-counter hearing aids. Descriptive statistics were calculated for all questionnaire items.

Results

One thousand four hundred and ninety-five CDCES providers completed the survey. Participants selected the most common conditions associated with diabetes as kidney dysfunction (96.7%), retinopathy (96.5%), obesity (95.6%), and foot infection (94.5%); 44.5% chose hearing impairment. Over 60% of providers were not familiar with how to refer patients to an audiologist and acknowledged being unfamiliar with recommended screening frequency as the most common barrier. Most providers had referred fewer than 20% of patients to an audiologist. Over half of providers were not aware of over-the-counter hearing aids.

Conclusion

Among a national sample of health care providers with comprehensive knowledge in diabetes care, many providers do not associate hearing impairment with diabetes and rate other microvascular complications of higher importance.
Thyroid Ultrasonography Screening of a Cohort of Male University Students
Authors: Babiker Mahmoud S. , Alamin Fathelrehman A. , Almteri Mohammed , Alradaddi Abdullah , Alharbi Waleed
Published: November 2024

Objective:

To assess thyroid ultrasonographic (US) findings from a male cohort of asymptomatic Saudi Arabian university students.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty-three university students were enrolled in a quantitative prospective study from February 2024 to April 2024. They were conveniently selected, excluding females. A MyLab40 US equipment system was used with a 7 MHz transducer. The thyroid was evaluated with US for size, echotexture, and abnormalities. The chi-square test, correlations, and descriptive statistics were applied for the data analysis.

Results:

The mean age of the participants was 21.5 ± 1.1 years, and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 27.03 ± 6.6. 95.2% of participants had normal findings; positive findings were found in 4.8 % of the participants. Of these, 1.6 % had multiple nodules, and 3.2 % had signs of thyroiditis. The statistical analysis revealed no significant association between right and left thyroid lobe lengths compared to BMI ( p = .7 right and left 0.3). Moreover, there was no association between the thyroid echo pattern and the BMI ( p = .4).

Conclusion:

This cohort study concluded that the thyroid US findings were very limited. There was no statistical correlation between the thyroid lobe length, thyroid echo pattern, compared to participants’ BMI.
Post-sepsis chronic muscle weakness can be prevented by pharmacological protection of mitochondria
Authors: Kingren Meagan S. , Keeble Alexander R. , Galvan-Lara Alyson M. , Ogle Jodi M. , Ungvári Zoltán , St Clair Daret K. , Butterfield Timothy A. , Owen Allison M. , Fry Christopher S. , Patel Samir P. , Saito Hiroshi
Published: November 2024

Background

Sepsis, mainly caused by bacterial infections, is the leading cause of in-patient hospitalizations. After discharge, most sepsis survivors suffer from long-term medical complications, particularly chronic skeletal muscle weakness. To investigate this medical condition in detail, we previously developed a murine severe sepsis-survival model that exhibits long-term post-sepsis skeletal muscle weakness. While mitochondrial abnormalities were present in the skeletal muscle of the sepsis surviving mice, the relationship between abnormal mitochondria and muscle weakness remained unclear. Herein, we aimed to investigate whether mitochondrial abnormalities have a causal role in chronic post-sepsis muscle weakness and could thereby serve as a therapeutic target.

Methods

Experimental polymicrobial abdominal sepsis was induced in 16-18 months old male and female mice using cecal slurry injection with subsequent antibiotic and fluid resuscitation. To evaluate the pathological roles of mitochondrial abnormalities in post-sepsis skeletal muscle weakness, we utilized a transgenic mouse strain overexpressing the mitochondria-specific antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). Following sepsis development in C57BL/6 mice, we evaluated the effect of the mitochondria-targeting synthetic tetrapeptide SS-31 in protecting mitochondria from sepsis-induced damage and preventing skeletal muscle weakness development. In vivo and in vitro techniques were leveraged to assess muscle function at multiple timepoints throughout sepsis development and resolution. Histological and biochemical analyses including bulk mRNA sequencing were used to detect molecular changes in the muscle during and after sepsis

Results

Our time course study revealed that post sepsis skeletal muscle weakness develops progressively after the resolution of acute sepsis and in parallel with the accumulation of mitochondrial abnormalities and changes in the mitochondria-related gene expression profile. Transgenic mice overexpressing MnSOD were protected from mitochondrial abnormalities and muscle weakness following sepsis. Further, pharmacological protection of mitochondria utilizing SS-31 during sepsis effectively prevented the later development of muscle weakness.

Conclusions

Our study revealed that the accumulation of mitochondrial abnormalities is the major cause of post-sepsis skeletal muscle weakness. Pharmacological protection of mitochondria during acute sepsis is a potential clinical treatment strategy to prevent post-sepsis muscle weakness.
Low-frequency noise of MoTe2 transistor: effects on ambipolar carrier transport and CYTOP doping
Authors: Shin Wonjun , Lee Dong Hyun , Ko Raksan , Koo Ryun-Han , Yoo Hocheon , Lee Sung-Tae
Published: November 2024

Low-frequency noise (LFN) characteristics of semiconductor devices pose a significant importance for understanding their working principle, particularly concerning material imperfections. Accordingly, substantial research endeavors have focused on characterizing the LFN of devices. However, the LFN characteristics of the ambipolar transistors have been rarely demonstrated. Herein, we investigate the effects of ambipolar carrier transport and CYTOP-induced p-type doping on low-frequency noise characteristics of MoTe2 transistors. The source of the 1/f noise differs between the n-type (electron transport) and p-type (hole transport) modes. Notably, the influence of contact resistance is more pronounced in the n-type mode. CYTOP doping suppresses the n-type mode by introducing hole doping effects. Furthermore, CYTOP doping mitigates the impact of contact resistance on excess noise.
To eat or not to eat oats: factors associated with oats consumption using the I-Change model
Authors: Van Kol S. , van der Horst H.C. , de Vries H.
Published: November 2024

A suboptimal diet is responsible for more deaths worldwide than any other risk. A dietary factor that needs more attention is whole-grain consumption because of its proven health, nutritional, and environmental benefits. Despite these benefits, the daily whole-grain and dietary fibre intake by Dutch residents is low and the reasons for this low consumption are unknown. This study analysed the facilitating and hindering factors associated with (non) oat consumption using the Integrated Change Model (ICM). It compared which factors distinguished oat consumers from moderate and low-oat consumers using a cross-sectional, quantitative study design. The questionnaire used in the quantitative study was based on the results a qualitative study that validated the findings identified in the literature and previous ICM studies. Data was collected using an online survey (Qualtrics). In both studies, the sample of participants included individuals age > 18, of both genders residents in the Netherlands without an allergy to oats, and who read or speak fluently Dutch or English. In total, 299 residents were included in the study. The results indicated that non-oat consumers were less health-conscious, had limited awareness of their dietary behaviours, possessed less knowledge, and were less aware of the severity and susceptibility to various health conditions, such as high cholesterol. They also received fewer prompts to consume oats, were less convinced of the rational and emotional benefits of oats, experienced less social support, reported more obstacles, and had lower self-efficacy regarding oat consumption. The Integrated Change Model (ICM) explained 55% of the variance in intention and 38% in behaviour. Consequently, efforts to promote oat consumption among Dutch adults should address these factors to enhance awareness, increase motivation, and facilitate actions to boost oat intake.
Iron deficiency anemia and its association with cognitive function among adolescents in the Ashanti Region - Ghana
Authors: Yeboah Francis Agyemang , Bioh Joyce , Amoani Benjamin , Effah Alfred , Senu Ebenezer , Mensah Oscar Simon Olympio , Agyei Alex , Kwarteng Samuel , Agomuo Samuel Kwame Sopuruchi , Opoku Stephen , Agordzo Samuel Kekeli , Aidoo Ebenezer Krampah , Sakyi Samuel Asamoah
Published: November 2024

Background

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) remains a global health concern, and has been associated with cognitive decline. However, very few studies have explored the association between IDA and cognitive function among Ghanaians. We assessed the association between IDA and cognitive function among adolescents in the Ashanti region, Ghana.

Methods

This cross-sectional study involved 250 adolescents from Kumasi, Ghana. Sociodemographic and dietary data were obtained using a well-structured questionnaire. Blood samples were drawn for estimation of ferritin and complete blood count. The Test of Non-verbal Intelligence (TONI-4) was used to assess cognitive function. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of cognitive function.

Results

The prevalence of IDA was 30.4%, which was higher among adolescents with poor cognitive performance test scores (CPTS) (71%). Being female [aOR = 0.32, 95% CI (0.10–0.99), p = 0.0480)], father having junior high education [aOR = 0.08, 95% CI (0.02–0.45), p = 0.0040)], being in a category B school [aOR = 0.26, 95% CI (0.09–0.81), p = 0.0200)] and C [aOR = 0.08, 95% CI (0.02–0.40), p = 0.0020)] and non-fruit consumption [aOR = 0.18, 95% CI (0.06–0.52), p = 0.0010)], were significantly associated with lower likelihood of having very good cognitive function. Moreover, ferritin (r = 0.451, p < 0.001) and hemoglobin (r = 0.402, p < 0.001) demonstrated a moderate positive correlation with CPTS.

Conclusion

The prevalence of IDA is high in our study population and was linked with poor cognitive function. Adolescents with IDA had low cognitive performance test scores. High levels of hemoglobin and ferritin showed a moderate correlation with higher cognitive performance. These findings suggest that adolescents’ cognitive function may be moderately influenced by IDA, highlighting the potential impact of iron status on cognitive outcomes.
Unintentional drowning fatalities in Sweden between 2002 and 2021
Authors: Tyr Alexander , Molander Emma , Bäckström Björn , Claesson Andreas , Zilg Brita
Published: November 2024

Background

Despite declining over the past three decades, unintentional drownings still account for an estimated 236 000 annual deaths worldwide. Susceptibility persists amongst demographic groups and is influenced by sex, age, and socio-economic status, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. Due to rapidly evolving population dynamics, particularly within Europe, there is a further responsibility to understand the impact of ethnicity on the risks of drowning to guide prevention.

Methods

We conducted a national population-based retrospective study using data from the Swedish National Board of Forensic Medicine and Statistics Sweden for the years 2002 to 2021. The analysis includes variables such as age, sex, presence of alcohol and narcotics as well as activity undertaken at the time of drowning and type of water body. Furthermore, we considered ethnicity to identify subpopulations at greater risks.

Results

Results revealed a plateau in unintentional drowning rates in Sweden since 2012, despite an overall decrease from 2002 to 2021. Findings confirm the trend that males are overrepresented within drowning statistics across all age groups, and that individuals aged > 50 constitute over half of all unintentional drownings. Men aged between 40-69 years boating, and individuals of non-Swedish origin, particularly those < 20 years of age, face a notably greater risk of drowning, underscoring the need for subpopulation-targeted prevention strategies.

Conclusion

The ten-year plateau in unintentional drowning signals the need for an official national prevention strategy with annual evaluations. Suggestions also include improved parental supervision of children, further avoidance of alcohol while swimming and boating, as well as targeted swimming lessons and water competency training for individuals of non-Swedish origin.
Latent class analysis of actigraphy within the depression early warning (DEW) longitudinal clinical youth cohort
Authors: Sequeira Lydia , Fadaiefard Pantea , Seat Jovana , Aitken Madison , Strauss John , Wang Wei , Szatmari Peter , Battaglia Marco
Published: November 2024

Background

Wearable-generated data yield objective information on physical activity and sleep variables, which, are in turn, related to the phenomenology of depression. There is a dearth of wearable-generated data regarding physical activity and sleep variables among youth with clinical depression.

Methods

Longitudinal (up to 24 months) quarterly collections of wearable-generated variables among adolescents diagnosed with current/past major depression. Latent class analysis was employed to classify participants on the basis of wearable-generated: Activity, Sleep Duration, and Sleep efficiency. The Patient Health Questionnaire adapted for adolescents (PHQ-9-A), and the Ruminative Response Scale (RRS) at study intake were employed to predict class membership.

Results

Seventy-two adolescents (72.5% girls) were recruited over 31 months. Activity, Sleep Duration, and Sleep efficiency were reciprocally correlated, and wearable-generated data were reducible into a finite number (3 to 4) of classes of individuals. A PHQ-A score in the clinical range (14 and above) at study intake predicted a class of low physical activity (Acceleration) and a class of shorter Sleep Duration.

Limitations

Limited power related to the sample size and the interim nature of this study.

Conclusions

This study of wearable-generated variables among adolescents diagnosed with clinical depression shows that a large amount of longitudinal data is amenable to reduction into a finite number of classes of individuals. Interfacing wearable-generated data with clinical measures can yield insights on the relationships between objective psychobiological measures and symptoms of adolescent depression, and may improve clinical management of depression.
The relation between inflammatory biomarkers and drug pharmacokinetics in the critically ill patients: a scoping review
Authors: Li Letao , Zinger Julia , Sassen Sebastiaan D. T. , Juffermans Nicole P. , Koch Birgit C. P. , Endeman Henrik
Published: November 2024

Background

The level of inflammation alters drug pharmacokinetics (PK) in critically ill patients. This might compromise treatment efficacy. Understanding the specific effects of inflammation, measured by biomarkers, on drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion is might help in optimizing dosing strategies.

Objectives

This review investigates the relationship between inflammatory biomarkers and PK parameters absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) in critically ill patients, providing insight in the complexity of dosing drugs in critically ill patients.

Method

Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive search of Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases (January 1946–November 2023). Studies examining inflammatory biomarkers, PK parameters, or drug exposure in critically ill patients were included. Records were screened by title, abstract, and full text, with any discrepancies resolved through discussion or consultation with a third reviewer.

Results

Of the 4479 records screened, 31 met our inclusion criteria: 2 on absorption, 7 on distribution, 17 on metabolism, and 6 on excretion. In general, results are only available for a limited number of drugs, and most studies are done only looking at one of the components of ADME. Higher levels of inflammatory biomarkers may increase or decrease drug absorption depending on whether the drug undergoes hepatic first-pass elimination. For drug distribution, inflammation is negatively correlated with drug protein binding capacity, positively correlated with cerebrospinal fluid penetration, and negatively correlated with peritoneal penetration. Metabolizing capacity of most drugs was inversely correlated with inflammatory biomarkers. Regarding excretion, inflammation can lead to reduced drug clearance, except in the neonatal population.

Conclusion

Inflammatory biomarkers can offer valuable information regarding altered PK in critically ill patients. Our findings emphasize the need to consider inflammation-driven PK variability when individualizing drug therapy in this setting, at the same time research is limited to certain drugs and needs further research, also including pharmacodynamics.
Spatial distribution and possible origin of the high velocity lower crust in the northern margin of the South China Sea
Authors: Chang Jih-Hsin , Hong Zih-Lin , Mirza Arif , Lin Liang-Fu , Hsieh Hsien-Hsiang , Ko Justin Yen-Ting , Chang Sung-Ping , Chen Chin-Yeh , Liu Ting-Yi
Published: November 2024

High-velocity lower crust (HVLC) near the continent–ocean transition zone is significant for recording magmatic activity and early rifting history and is likely to be sourced from various types of magma supplies, including passive decompression melting, hot mantle plume, active small-scale mantle convection, and fertile source mantle. In the northern margin of the South China Sea (composed of the Dongsha Passive margin to the west and the SW Taiwan active margin to the east), a large amount of geophysical data, including refraction seismic data, enable us to prepare a map of the thickness distribution of the HVLC and estimate its volume. After revisiting published data, the volume of the HVLC in the northern margin of the South China Sea is found to be comparable but slightly less than that in continental large igneous provinces such as the Deccan Trap of west-central India or oceanic plateaus such as the Shatsky Rise in the northwest Pacific Ocean, probably indicating that they may have similar active source origins. Based on a more feature-based analysis (h–vp diagram; a scatter plot showing mean velocity of lower crust versus corresponding crustal thickness) to identify the source of the underplating material in a magma-involved margin, we tentatively suggest that the HVLC along the Dongsha passive margin showing no h–vp correlation is most likely dominated by small-scale mantle convection of the Peikang–Dongsha mantle convection cell, and the HVLC along the SW Taiwan active margin showing a negative h–vp correlation is more likely to be dominated by the pre-existing distal domain of the continental margin. We propose that rather than being dominated by a hot mantle plume, small-scale mantle convection may be more likely to be responsible for the opening of the South China Sea, and suggest that a more inclusive geodynamic model to reconcile geophysical and geochemical observations should be further investigated.
Material analysis on semi-permanent makeup needles
Authors: Jin Hyun Sook , Oh Seung Hyun , Chang Byung Soo
Published: November 2024

The cosmetic-tattoo industry is evolving every year and the microstructures of the equipment have the great potential for semi-permanent makeup applications. Present paper explores the materials and microparticles of semi-permanent makeup tattoo needles. The surface of the five-round-shader tattoo needle used in semi-permanent makeup process was examined by scanning electron microscopy, and its elemental composition was analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The comparison of five-round-shader needles have undergone thorough observation: original five-round-shader needle and distorted five-round-shader needle. The diameter of the sharp and rounded needle tip was measured at approximately 6.80 μm, while the deformed needle tip was approximately 16 μm thick, about 2.5 times thicker than the rounded needle tip. Many rosette-shaped lead (Pb) particles and irregular clusters adhere to the welded areas and closely adjacent needle shaft surfaces. The lead particles have a diameter ranging from 4 μm to 5 μm and exhibit a grid-like structure with a consistent thickness of plate-like shape. The distorted structure of Pb in rosette-shaped formations is shown to have originated from the grinding and polishing processes during needle manufacturing. To produce sterilized tattoo needles, high-quality tattoo needle inspection processes are necessary to remove any unhygienic substances adhering to the needle surface.
The Long-Term Functional and Oncologic Outcomes of Kidney-Sparing Surgery in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Yu-Chieh , Li Jian-Ri , Chen Chuan-Shu , Wang Shian-Shiang , Yang Cheng-Kuang , Chiu Kun-Yuan , Hsu Chiann-Yi
Published: November 2024

Background

This study investigated the utilization of kidney-sparing surgery (KSS) as an alternative option to radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) in managing upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients.

Objective

Our study aimed to compare the functional outcomes and oncological outcomes between KSS and RNU.

Material and Methods

We retrospectively analyzed 252 patients with UTUC without clinical node positivity or metastasis who had been treated with either RNU or KSS. We collected information on each patient, including clinicopathological factors, renal function variations, and oncological outcomes. Hemodialysis-free survival (HDFS), stage 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD4) progression-free survival (PFS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS) were assessed using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW)-weighted Kaplan–Meier analysis. The hazard ratio for oncological and functional outcomes of KSS was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model.

Results

The OS at 8 years was 77.06% (RNU) and 70.59% (KSS) and did not significantly differ between the two groups (p = 0.691), although the KSS group experienced a higher recurrence rate. Functional outcomes indicated no significant difference in postoperative renal function at 1 year; however, KSS was associated with better preservation of renal function (23.44% vs. 28.23%), albeit not statistically significant (p = 0.055). Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed no significant disparities in CKD4 PFS between the KSS and RNU groups involved in the study (p = 0.089), although the KSS group displayed poorer HDFS than the RNU group (p = 0.001).

Conclusion

KSS had no compromising survival outcomes when compared with RNU, not only in low-risk patients but also in high-risk patients with a normal contralateral kidney. The efficacy of renal function preservation was presented in this study, however the results were below our expectations.
Cognitive behavioral therapy for adolescents with eating disorders, with particular regard to clinical perfectionism
Authors: Chęć Magdalena , Michałowska Sylwia
Published: November 2024

Zaburzenia odżywiania stanowią istotny i częsty problem wśród nastolatek. Z uwagi na ogromne, negatywne konsekwencje zdrowotne, jakie za sobą niosą, ważne jest przyjrzenie się sposobom i skuteczności ich leczenia. Mimo, iż kryteria diagnostyczne w przypadku młodzieży i dorosłych są takie same, to proces diagnostyczno – terapeutyczny u nastolatków wymaga odrębnych oddziaływań specjalistycznych, z włączeniem w nie środowiska rodzinnego. Światowe badania nad skutecznością terapii w leczeniu zaburzeń odżywiania w okresie rozwojowym wskazują, iż terapia skoncentrowana na rodzinie (FBT) i wzmocniona wersja terapii poznawczo – behawioralnej (CBT-E) są szczególnie przydatne w pracy z tą chorobą, jak i zapobieganiu jej nawrotom. Istotnym mechanizmem w powstawaniu i utrzymywaniu zaburzeń odżywiania jest perfekcjonizm kliniczny. Wydaje się zatem, że praca terapeutyczna nad tym mechanizmem może przyczyniać się do szybszego powrotu do zdrowia i jego utrzymania. Niniejszy artykuł prezentuje wyniki badań nad skutecznością psychospołecznych metod pracy z nastolatkami z zaburzeniami odżywiania, z uwzględnieniem perfekcjonizmu, a także koncentruje się na różnicach w oddziaływaniach i ich dopasowaniu do potrzeb nastolatków, w zakresie dwóch popularnych metod pracy – CBT-E i FBT. Prezentowana wiedza może być pomocna klinicystom pracującym z młodzieżą w wyborach odpowiednich metod i form pracy dostosowanych do konceptualizacji.
Stress, resilience and sense of self-efficacy among Ukrainian, Polish, Romanian, and Slovak women during the Russian invasion of Ukraine
Authors: Predoiu Radu , Piotrowski Andrzej , Makarowski Ryszard , Sygit-Kowalkowska Ewa , Boe Ole , Predoiu Alexandra , Petrovska Inha , Rawat Samir
Published: November 2024

Cel pracy

Celem przeprowadzonych badań było ustalenie poziomu nasilenia stresu, prężności psychicznej, poczucia własnej skuteczności w zależności od kraju pochodzenia oraz ustalenie jakie znaczenie ma prężność psychiczna i poczucie własnej skuteczności dla kształtowania się natężenia stresu w badanej grupie kobiet.

Metoda

Badanie przeprowadzono na próbie kobiet z Ukrainy (N = 82), Polski(N = 102), Słowacji (N = 79) i Rumunii (N = 42) przy użyciu Kwestionariusza Poczucia Stresu, Skali Poczucia Własnej Skuteczności i Skali Prężności.

Wyniki

Najwyższy poziom ogólnego stresu stwierdzono wśród Ukrainek, najniższy zaś wśród Polek. Jednocześnie najniższy poziom prężności i poczucia własnej skuteczności charakteryzuje Ukrainki, natomiast najwyższy poziom tych zmiennych miały odpowiednio Słowaczki i Polki. Zaobserwowano także różnice w zależności od kraju w łagodzącym wpływie poczucia własnej skuteczności na związek między prężnością a stresem.

Wnioski

Niniejsze badanie wypełnia lukę w badaniu stresu kobiet podczas rosyjskiej inwazji na Ukrainę. Konflikt ten wymaga dalszych badań na kobietach z Ukrainy i krajów sąsiadujących, a także zapewnienia opartego na dowodach wsparcia w celu zmniejszenia skutków doświadczanego stresu.
Assessment of Tourism Development in Belarus: A Comprehensive Analysis of Infrastructure, Cultural Heritage and Natural Resources
Authors: Kauchun Viktoryia , Michalska Anna , Zukow Walery
Published: November 2024

Purpose: This study examines the development of tourism in Belarus, evaluating its infrastructure, cultural heritage potential, and natural resources. The research aims to identify key factors influencing tourism development and assess their relative impact on the sector's growth.
Design/methodology/approach: The study employs a mixed-methods approach, primarily utilizing a quantitative survey (n=512) of local stakeholders across six regions of Belarus, supplemented by comprehensive statistical analysis. The research instrument included 17 structured questions measuring perceptions of tourism development across multiple dimensions. Data analysis was conducted using chi-square tests and Cramér's V coefficient to determine statistical significance and relationship strength.
Findings: The results indicate moderate tourism development in Belarus (39% of respondents rated it as average, 42% as high). Infrastructure quality shows significant regional variation (χ2(4)=31.50, p<0.001, V=0.56). Cultural heritage emerged as a primary attraction (72% agreement), while natural resources received varied evaluations (57% highlighting landscape value). The study identified key development barriers: visa restrictions (74% of respondents), insufficient marketing (62%), and underdeveloped transport infrastructure (51%).
Research limitations/implications: The study's cross-sectional nature and focus on domestic stakeholders may limit its generalizability. Future longitudinal studies incorporating international perspectives could provide additional insights.
Conclusion: The study reveals that Belarus's tourism development exhibits a complex pattern of strengths and challenges. While the country possesses significant potential through its cultural heritage (72% positive evaluation) and natural resources (57% positive assessment), its tourism development is constrained by structural barriers. The research demonstrates that future tourism growth requires a three-pronged approach: (1) systematic infrastructure modernization, particularly in regional areas; (2) reform of visa policies to enhance accessibility; and (3) development of comprehensive marketing strategies. The statistical significance of these findings (p<0.001) supports the need for evidence-based policy interventions. This research contributes to both theoretical understanding of tourism development in transition economies and practical policy formulation, while establishing a methodological framework for future studies in similar contexts.
CPD: Effects of climate change on eye health
Authors: Clarkson Douglas
Published: November 2024

Dr Douglas Clarkson describes the science underlying climate change and explains the wide impact it is having on eye health and the prevalence of specific eye diseases around the world (C104439, suitable for logging as one provider-led distance learning CPD point for optometrists and dispensing opticians)
Masters courses get GOC nod
Authors: McClean Andrew
Published: November 2024

Andrew McClean explores how two universities have implemented new learning requirements
Our Role in Holistic Health Care
Authors: Morris Paul
Published: November 2024

Paul Morris encourages eye care professionals to engage with general health conditions
Understanding family abuse: an intersectional approach to prevention and addressing family abuse perpetrators
Authors: Gangoli Geetanjali , Donovan Catherine , Gill Aisha K , Butterby Kate , Dhir Alishya , Regan Sue
Published: November 2024

This article provides an original contribution to understanding the motives for and perpetration patterns of family abuse that affects a range of minoritised communities, such as those minoritised on the basis of race, sexuality or transgender identity, and to contribute to debates around prevention. Negative and discriminatory societal attitudes, norms and behaviours towards these groups influence and justify family abuse. Based on empirical research, our study enhances the existing knowledge base to create practice and policy-focused recommendations for improving preventive and intervention efforts. We approached this from an ecological perspective, using a mixed-methods approach to interrogate quantitative and qualitative data to identify motivating factors underpinning perpetrators’ behaviours. Our analysis, drawing on a phenomenological approach, shows an ecological framework with three interacting levels at which motivating factors occur: the individual, the community and society. Along with understanding who perpetrators might be, the types of family abuse and its impacts for victim/survivors, these three motivating factors provide a template for developing interventions with perpetrators of family abuse. The research also suggests that before interventions for perpetrators of family abuse can be properly developed, the field of domestic abuse needs to reconsider how family abuse is positioned as part of domestic abuse.
On the Road to the “Manifesto”: The Surrealists’ March Between Blois and Romorantin from May 5 to May 15, 1924
Authors: Dufrêne Thierry
Published: November 2024

Abstract: This article aims to demonstrate that, in a sense, the 1924 “Manifesto of Surrealism” of André Breton was written by walking as a way to reassess its impact in the light of the recent revival of the “manifesto” form in contemporary art. The “Manifesto Marathon” held on October 18–19, 2008, at the Serpentine Gallery in London on the initiative of Hans-Ulrich Obrist enabled some sixty artists to propose manifestos that were subsequently published. It is interesting to note that the artists hardly mention, and in any case that the catalogue never reproduces, the Surrealist ” Manifesto,” which appears totally absent and invisible alongside the Futurist Manifesto (1909), the Dada, Constructivist, and Situationist manifestos, and so on. This is undoubtedly because the Surrealist “Manifesto" is not sufficiently inscribed in our cultural and visual landscape, in our memory or is considered purely literary. From our point of view, however, it is clearly a performative form. The ten-day journey that Breton, Louis Aragon, Max Morise, and Roger Vitrac made on foot between Blois and Romorantin (Sologne) in the first half of May 1924, just before Breton wrote the Surrealist “Manifesto,” which was published in October 1924, appears as an ironic and distanced response to the Olympic Games, which began in Paris on May 4, 1924. It was a sort of “countermarch,” in the spirit of the nineteenth-century wanderings of Verlaine and Rimbaud, or of the Grand Meaulnes in Alain-Fournier's 1914 novel of the same name. Breton told André Parinaud that it was an "initiatory" journey. Walking has something to do with automatic writing, which in a different way expresses the need for continuous movement, differential speeds and physical and nervous exhaustion. In fact, from March to May 1924, Breton had once again engaged in automatic writing and had even organized it collectively by distributing writing notebooks to the members of the group.
The Sun May Not Rise For Us Next Year: Draft of Manifesto of 1961
Authors: Carrington Leonora , Bremm Helen
Published: November 2024

Abstract: This critical introduction presents a little-known typewritten manifesto draft by Leonora Carrington from the Fondo Documental Laurette Séjourné, preserved at the Archivo Histórico, Instituto de Investigaciones Estéticas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Dated August 1961 and so predating her better-known political writings, the archival text pays witness to Carrington’s ecologically motivated anti-war activism as part of her political consciousness from the 1960s onward.
Achilles on the Mount of Olives: The Savior’s Agony in the Homeric Centos 1443–1616
Authors: Lefteratou Anna
Published: November 2024

Abstract: This article explores the reconfiguration of the Iliadic heroic code in a fifth-century biblical hexametric poem, the Homerocentones , attributed to the Empress Eudocia (401–460 c.e.), centering on Jesus’ Agony on the Mount of Olives as exemplary of a new type of Christian hero: a weeping Savior who can suffer in the flesh and shed tears but also demonstrates courage and earns eternal kleos . Cet article explore la reconfiguration du code héroïque de l’ Iliade dans un poème biblique en hexamètres du vème siècle, les Centons homériques , attribués à l’impératrice Eudocie (401–460 n. è.). Ce poème, qui s’articule autour de l’agonie de Jésus sur le mont des Oliviers, présente celle-ci comme emblématique d’un nouveau type de héros chrétien : un Sauveur affligé qui peut souffrir dans sa chair et verser des larmes tout en montrant du courage et qui acquiert un kleos éternel.
A semi-empirical relation based on temperature difference and filling ratio in a closed loop pulsating heat pipe: A numerical study
Authors: Balamurugan Vasanth , Mian P. Shahid , Hasan Md. Jahid , Sudharsan Natteri M.
Published: November 2024

A closed-loop pulsating heat pipe (CLPHP) is an attractive passive cooling system for electronic components. The design of CLPHP is challenging due to the complex nature of thermo-hydrodynamic coupling. This study investigates the heat transfer efficiency of a CLPHP using water as the working fluid. The heat transfer rate is evaluated for a volume fraction of 0.3-0.7 and an evaporator temperature of 323-373 K. From the computed results, a regression analysis is performed to generate a semi-empirical equation. The empirical relation for heat transfer rate (Q) as a function of the temperature difference and filling ratio was found to match the CFD results. Similarly, a semi-empirical equation for heat flux (q) as a function of non-dimensionless numbers is presented to calculate the heat transfer rate (Q) for various filling ratios, and found to match CFD results. A force plot measuring the net force acting on the slugs is presented for various filling ratios and evaporator temperatures. The net force plot will help optimize the design of the CLPHP and improve its efficiency. When comparing slug formation pulsatile cycle and thermal efficiency, 0.5 volume fraction was found to be optimum. For this filling ratio (0.5) heat transfer rate is enhanced from 40% to 86% when the evaporator temperature is increased by 15%.
Mixing oak and eucalyptus sawdusts improves shiitake (Lentinula edodes) yield and nutritional value
Authors: El Sebaaly Zeina , Nabhan Stephanie , Outayek Joelle , Nedelin Teodor , N. Sassine Youssef
Published: November 2024

The study aimed to explore suitable substrates comprising locally available hardwood sawdusts for the cultivation of Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) in Lebanon. Sawdusts of oak (OS), maple (MAP), and eucalyptus (EUC) were used alone or in combination, supplemented equally by wheat bran (WB). Results showed that complete mycelia run, fruiting, and harvest dates were the minimum in OS-WB: 800–200 by 72.2, 75.5, and 79.5 days after spawning (DAS) respectively, and the maximum in EUC-MAP-WB: 400-400-200 (by 88.3, 87.5, and 92.0 DAS, respectively). The substrate EUC-OS-WB: 400-400-200 had the highest biological efficiency (74.1%) compared to all treatments. Mushroom numbers ranged between 13.0 and 29.5 at harvest 1 (H1) and between 9.5 and 26.5 at harvest 2 (H2), showing a significant decrease in H2 in comparison to H1 in all treatments. Mushroom weight ranged between 8.8 and 25.9 at H1 and between 5.9 and 14.6 at H2. Furthermore, stepwise correlation showed that total biological yield (TBY) was positively affected by the biological yield at first harvest (BYH1) in OS-WB: 800–200 (R2 = 0.943), and at BYH2 in EUC-WB:800–200 (R2 = 0.944) and MAP-WB: 800–200 (R2 = 0.998), and it was negatively affected by BYH1 and stipe diameter in MAP-OS-WB: 400-400-200 (R2 = 0.946). Also, there was an improvement in mushroom protein, crude fibers, and vitamin C contents, and a decrease in carbohydrate contents on most substrates compared to control. Mushrooms obtained in EUC-OS-WB:400-400-200 recorded the highest protein and crude fiber contents (15.1 and 5.4%). Therefore, the mixture containing oak and eucalyptus sawdust has a good potential to improve shiitake yield and nutritional value compared to oak sawdust and could be an appropriate alternate for producing shiitake mushrooms.
The effect of consumption inequality on subjective well-being: Evidence from China
Authors: Dong Tiantian , Ye Xu , Mao Zhonggen
Published: November 2024

As an essential dimension of economic inequality, consumption inequality is tightly associated with public welfare. This study investigates the effect of consumption inequality on individuals’ subjective well-being (SWB) in China using data from the 2014, 2018, and 2020 China Family Panel Studies. The findings indicate that consumption inequality has a significant negative impact on SWB. Specifically, for every unit increase in consumption inequality, the probability of individuals rating their SWB as “Happy” and “Very happy” decreases by 0.37% and 5.45% respectively. In addition, individuals’ confidence about their future serves as an intermediary in the connection between consumption inequality and SWB. The investigation of heterogeneity evidences that the adverse impact of consumption inequality on SWB is more pronounced in terms of subsistence and development expenditures. Consumption inequality affects SWB more seriously among lower-income and urban residents. Overall, this study holds important implications for addressing economic inequality to bolster individuals’ welfare.
Investigating the structural properties and wear resistance of martensitic stainless steels
Authors: Bhadauria Alok , Reddy K. Venkateswara , Khatirkar Rajesh K. , Bandhu Din , Gangwar Prashant Kumar
Published: November 2024

The present work explores the microstructures and abrasive wear behavior of AISI 410 and AISI 420 martensitic stainless steels after hardening and tempering. Microstructural changes and wear were analyzed using optical microscopy and SEM. Different heat treatments resulted in varying hardness values, with a slight increase at 723 K due to (Fe,Cr)23C6 formation, and a significant reduction at 873 K. SEM and EDS showed AISI 410 had a martensitic structure without notable precipitates, while AISI 420 exhibited coarser and new carbide precipitations after tempering. XRD confirmed martensitic peaks and carbide formation (Cr₃C₂, Mo₂C), improving wear resistance through carbon and chromium segregation. No direct correlation between bulk hardness and abrasive wear resistance was found. AISI 410 showed lower wear mass than AISI 420, with wear mechanisms including micro-cracking, ploughing, groove formation, and particle pullout. Wear debris consisted of machining chips and flaky particles, offering insights into the wear processes.
The impact of video game playing on Chinese adolescents’ academic achievement: Evidence from a moderated multi-mediation model
Authors: Gu Xiaoxia , Hassan Norlizah Che , Sulaiman Tajularipin , Wei Zhixia , Dong Jingyi
Published: November 2024

Internet access for adolescents is becoming more prevalent around the world. Although video game playing has been verified to be negatively related to adolescent academic achievement, the mechanisms underlying this relationship are also unknown. Using a nationally representative sample of adolescents from the China Education Panel Survey (2014–2015), this study aims to explore the parallel mediation roles of self-educational expectation and learning attitude in the link between video game playing and academic achievement, and whether the direct and indirect effects are moderated by parent-child relationship. The results indicate that video game playing in adolescents is both directly and indirectly related to their academic achievement, and self-educational expectation and learning attitude partially mediate this association. Moreover, the results reveal that parent-child relationship moderates the direct association between video game playing and academic achievement as well as the indirect association of video game playing on academic achievement via self-educational expectation, respectively. By showing empirical evidence for the usefulness of social cognitive theory to adolescents’ academics in the Internet Age, our research provides a supplement to existing literature.