bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Psychosocial in Norwegian Teacher Education in Light of Epistemic Objects and Therapeutic Culture
Authors: Mathias Gro , Førland Standal Øyvind
Published: August 2023

In this article we examine how therapeutic culture disseminates into and affects teacher education in Norway. This is done through a close examination of knowledge practices revolving around the term psychosocial. Based on fieldwork data and drawing on Karin Knorr Cetina’s concept of epistemic objects, we analyse how the psychosocial is practised, taught, and interpreted in a Norwegian primary and secondary teacher education institution. We identify three key epistemic characteristics of the psychosocial: ubiquity, emotional orientation, and self-centeredness. Due to its oscillation between compatibility and friction, the psychosocial is both nurturing and disruptive, intuitive, and demanding, meaningful and alienating. More broadly, the application of the psychosocial in teacher education can be understood in light of the interplay between intellectualisation and emotionalisation processes in modern societies. By providing insight into a previously unexplored area, the article contributes to new understandings of the changing cultural conditions of the teaching profession.
Promoting the Fundamental Human Right of Religious Liberty in US Foreign Policy
Authors: Rieffer-Flanagan Barb
Published: August 2023

The fundamental right to freedom of religion and belief has been violated throughout the world. Although various American administrations discussed the importance of the right to freedom of religion, this right has often taken a backseat to realism. In addition there is no clear strategy in Washington to promote this right. If Washington developed a long term strategy it would be establishing the foundation so that the right of freedom of religion and belief could develop over time.
A Snapshot in Time: The Changing Systemic Role of the Australian Commonwealth Ombudsman 1
Authors: Stuhmcke Anita
Published: August 2023

The role of the Australian Commonwealth Ombudsman has changed. This change has occurred through operational decision-making rather than through legislative reform. Similarly to many classical ombudsman institutions the Commonwealth Ombudsman has two traditional roles – proactive system fixer and reactive individual complaint handler. Since the office was introduced in Australian in the 1970s. the emphasis placed upon systemic reform has increased. This change is noteworthy as it is generally assumed that these dual roles are related in that improvements produced by one role will impact upon the other. Here it is most often implied in public law literature, that the correction by an ombudsman of a systemic administrative deficiency through its systemic function will reduce numbers of individual complaints. Using empirical data based upon a ‘snapshot in time’ study of the Australian Commonwealth Ombudsman this article argues that this traditional assumptions as to the relationship between the two roles is flawed. The findings of the study presented in this article will impact upon the operation of the ombudsman institution and provide insight into ways in which the role and performance of such a growing international integrity review body may be strengthened.
Finding Voice for Victims of Crime in the Adversarial Criminal Justice System
Authors: Hambali Yahya Duro Uthman
Published: August 2023

Adversarial criminal justice system is designed to accommodate only two parties, the prosecution and the defendant, in the combative atmosphere of its trial process. The victim has no right of audience other than as witness for the prosecution. The involvement of victims as active participants in the exclusionary adversarial criminal justice system continue to attract debates among scholars. Whereas some favour the involvement because of its cathartic value for victims others oppose it on ground of the dislocation this might bring to the system and the threat to the defendants’ rights. Although, there have been significant victim reforms in some advanced jurisdictions creating some forms of rights for the victim, the rights remain unenforceable internally of the criminal justice process but externally of it through some administrative mechanisms. This paper reviews the position of some of the scholars on the foregoing, the various models of the system that have been constructed by scholars to accommodate victims and the emerging rights for victims. The position of this paper is that for the rights so far created for victims of crime to be truly beneficial, the so-called rights should be enforceable internally of the system with the necessary safeguards for the existing rights of offenders.
The Law on Corporate Opportunity Transactions by Directors: A Comparative Analysis of Delaware Law and Australian Law
Authors: Chadien Chris
Published: August 2023

The separation of ownership and control that is a typical feature of listed companies gives rise to agency problems. This problem is acutely reflected in the conflicting interests of stockholders and directors. An area in which this problem is played out relates to doctrinal approaches towards corporate opportunities, which has attracted a debate involving a comparison of the approach of English law and most states in the United States. This paper seeks to contribute to the current debate on corporate opportunities by comparing the Australian and Delaware approaches to corporate opportunities by directors. In particular, it explores self-dealing by a director who pursues corporate opportunities potentially at the expense of his corporation. This type of self-dealing is worth examining because of its potential effect of depriving the corporation of profits or opportunities which may be essential to its operation, harming the corporation, or putting the director in competition with the corporation of which he is meant to be a fiduciary.
Preservation of dangerous forensic samples of evidence with the use of mobile robotic system
Authors: Zubanska Magdalena , Swierczewska-Gasiorowska Anna
Published: August 2023

The richest source of information about crime and criminals is the place of the incident. From the point of view of forensics the examination of the crime scene is the primary activity of inquiry and it is the core action at the scene. However, there are scenes in which conditions threaten the health and lives of investigators, e.g. an illegal laboratory of controlled substances. However, there is a need to disclose, transport and store the obtained evidence, which is a source of danger, for the purposes of criminal proceedings. Police Academy in Szczytno (Poland) conducts a research project, which aims at the development of innovative solutions and technology that will enable proper and effective protection, transport, storage and disposal of such hazardous material evidence. A solution that would eliminate these risks is a robotic system for taking samples (e.g. samples of reaction mixtures). With a view to safety of SOCOs the proposed solution is of major importance.
Competitiveness between Ethnic Malays and Ethnic Chinese in Malaysia
Authors: Yeoh J.P.S. , Yeoh P.A.
Published: August 2023

Previous research have compared competi-tive behaviour between participants of different nationali-ties, profession and gender. This current research investi-gates competitive behaviour between a multiethnic sample from Malaysia. Ethnic Malay and ethnic Chinese Malaysi-ans were primed to compete in a singing competition and completed a Revised Competitive Index questionnaire. Re-sults showed that ethnic Chinese were more competitive and enjoyed competing more than ethnic Malays. There were also significant differences in gender with females being more competitive, enjoyed competing and were more contentious than males. These results are discussed in terms of previous research on cultural, socio-political poli-cies and gender sensitivities.
The Role of Student-Teacher Relationship on Effects of Maltreatment on Juvenile Delinquency
Authors: Back Jinju , Lee Yanghee
Published: August 2023

Objectives:

Society has been experiencing rapid change, in which adolescents have increasingly faced with difficulties with balanced development and social adaptation. Juvenile delinquency caused by such difficulties is the most serious social problem. Most of research has reported that family relationship is largely the cause for juvenile delinquency. To prevent the problems associated with parental maltreatment, efforts to identify variables that primarily affect juvenile delinquency are needed. Student-teacher relationship is considered as important protective factors in the ecosystem. Thus, this study analyzed the relationship among parental maltreatment, juvenile delinquency, student-teacher relationship. In addition, the moderating effects of student-teacher relationship in relation to parental maltreatment, and juvenile delinquency were also verified. Method: This study used data from Korean Youth Panel Survey (KYPS) conducted by National Youth Policy Institute. Participants were 2,253(1,136 boys, 1,117 girls) middle school students (9th graders) in 3rd wave data. We extracted eight questions relating to maltreatment, fourteen questions relating Juvenile delinquency, and five questions relating to student- teacher relationship. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, and hierarchical regression analysis were used.

Results:

First, parental maltreatment was positively related to juvenile delinquency. And student-teacher relationship was also negatively related to juvenile delinquency. Second, the moderating effects of student-teacher relationship on effects of parental maltreatment on juvenile delinquency were evident. Conclusion: To prevent juvenile delinquency that experienced parental maltreatment, this study has broad clinical and policy implications. Positive student-teacher relationship is an important protective factor of alleviating the negative consequences of parental maltreatment.
Strengthspotting and Interpersonal Relationships: Development of the Japanese Version of the Strengthspotting Scale
Authors: Komazawa Asami , Ishimura Ikuo
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the strengthspotting scale and examine the relationship between strengthspotting and relationships with others, as well as factors that related to an interpersonal relationship. A Japanese version of strengthspotting scale was developed and administered with six other scales of interpersonal factors to 264 college students. The results indicate that the Japanese version of strengthspotting scale has sufficient reliability and validity. Furthermore, the results revealed a relationship between each of the five domains of strengthspotting and interpersonal factors: communication skills, affiliation motives, shyness, optimism and pessimism, and positive relationships with others. The study provides a basis for conducting further empirical research and practice on strengthspotting in Japan.
Iterative Solution of Boundary Integral Equations for Shallow Water Waves
Authors: Baker Gregory , Overman Edward , Yu Jing
Published: August 2023

The motion of shallow water, unlike deep water, is influenced by the bottom topology. In order to obtain the velocity potential at any given point of the surface at any given time, we apply boundary integral techniques and solve a system of two integral equations, one expresses the velocity potential at the free surface and on the bottom, the other expresses the streamfunction at the free surface and on the bottom. Boundary integrals can produce very accurate results for shallow water equations but they are too complex to solve analytically and must be solved numerically. In this paper, we use three different numerical methods to compute the solutions to these integral equations: by Gaussian elimination which has high compuational cost; by iteration to construct the Neumann series which converges; and by a preconditioned version of the iteration which effectively lowers the total computation cost.
Determining and Comparing Multivariate Distributions: An Application to AORD and GSPC with their related financial markets
Authors: Chandrasekara N.V. , Mammadov Musa , Tilakaratne Chandima D.
Published: August 2023

Many real world applications are associated with more than one variable and hence, identifying multivariate distributions associated with real world problems portrays great importance today. Many studies can be found in the literature in this aspect and most of them are associated with two variables/dimensions and the maximum dimension of multivariate distribution found in the literature is four. Different optimization techniques have been used by researchers to find multivariate distributions in their studies. Numerical methods can be identified as more preferable than analytical methods when the dimension of the problem is high. The main objective of this study is to identify the multivariate distribution associated with the return series of Australian all ordinary index (AORD) and those of the related financial markets and compare it with the multivariate distribution of return series of the US GSPC index and its related financial markets. No research were found in the literature which were aimed at finding aforesaid multivariate distribution and comparisons. Moreover no evidence found for identifying a multivariate distribution with six dimensions. Five financial markets: Amex oil index, Amex gold index, world cocoa index, exchange rate of Australian dollar to United States dollar and US GSPC index were found to be associated with AORD. Hence the attempt was to derive the multivariate distribution of return series of AORD and these five return series and therefore the optimization problem of the study is a six dimension problem which associated with forty three parameters need to be estimated. A local optimization technique and a global optimization technique were used to estimate the parameters of the multivariate distribution. Results exhibit that the parameter estimates obtained from the global optimization technique are better than the parameter estimates obtained from the local optimization technique. The multivariate distribution of return series of AORD and related financial markets is central, less peaked and have fat tails. A comparison was done with another multivariate distribution of a return series of a leading stock market index: GSPC and return series of its associated financial markets and found that both distributions are alike in shape. Two periods were identified in the AORD series and found that the shape of the multivariate distribution of one period is similar to the shape of the multivariate distribution of full data set while the shape of the multivariate distribution of the other period is dissimilar to that of full data set.
Smith’s Incoherence Argument for Moral Rationalism
Authors: Lyons Michael
Published: August 2023

Defenders of Motivational judgment internalism (MJI) argue that in one sense or another, our moral judgments necessarily motivate us to some extent. One of the most prominent defenders is Michael Smith, who in his highly influential book The Moral Problem defends a form of moral rationalism, which is the view that moral reasoning is based on practical reasoning, and thus that moral facts can and are determined a priori. This form of rationalism Smith claims to entail his account about internalism.

One of the main merits of Smith’s account of moral motivation is that it allows for individual difference in levels of moral motivation, by making the claim that moral judgments necessarily motivate defeasible. Before elaborating on how Smith does so, I shall first discuss Smith's approach in The Moral Problem, which will also help to set out the basic assumptions that will be taken for granted within this essay. I will then look at the account that he provides, and assess it with respect to one of Russ Shafer-Landau's criticisms thereof. Shafer-Landau rather helpfully puts Smith’s case for his moral rationalism in the form of what he calls ‘the incoherence argument’. The strongest problem that Shafer-Landau has with this argument seems to be with the following claim: ‘it is irrational for an individual to not desire what his fully rational self would desire’. What I hope to conclude is as follows: Although Smith’s account of internalism can for the most part withstand this objection that Shafer-Landau makes to it, even though Smith himself does not demonstrate any incoherence in failing to desire what one’s fully rational self would desire, in that a different kind of incoherence can be defended through other means. This would however result in a requirement for Smith to make significant concessions to his project in The Moral Problem.
Sartre and Fanon : On Men and Women, and Gender and Race Intersection as They Relate to French Colonial Resistance
Authors: Nya Nathalie
Published: August 2023

In this paper, the author presents Fanon’s analysis of decolonization in order to present an explicit conception of resistance based upon Fanon’s concept of decolonization, which is aligned with the lived experience of the colonized: their racial, sociopolitical, and economic condition as well as their existential condition. The author contrasts Fanon’s analysis with Sartre’s critique of colonialism as it appears in The Critique. Ultimately, through the presentation of Sartre’s and Fanon’s theories, the author attempts to show a feminist analysis of French colonial resistance as a criticism of Sartre’s and Fanon’s theories and of the analysis their male contemporaries within the field of Post/Colonial Theories.
Real-time biodiversity analysis using deep-learning algorithms on mobile robotic platforms
Authors: Panigrahi Siddhant , Maski Prajwal , Thondiyath Asokan
Published: August 2023

Ecological biodiversity is declining at an unprecedented rate. To combat such irreversible changes in natural ecosystems, biodiversity conservation initiatives are being conducted globally. However, the lack of a feasible methodology to quantify biodiversity in real-time and investigate population dynamics in spatiotemporal scales prevents the use of ecological data in environmental planning. Traditionally, ecological studies rely on the census of an animal population by the “capture, mark and recapture” technique. In this technique, human field workers manually count, tag and observe tagged individuals, making it time-consuming, expensive, and cumbersome to patrol the entire area. Recent research has also demonstrated the potential for inexpensive and accessible sensors for ecological data monitoring. However, stationary sensors collect localised data which is highly specific on the placement of the setup. In this research, we propose the methodology for biodiversity monitoring utilising state-of-the-art deep learning (DL) methods operating in real-time on sample payloads of mobile robots. Such trained DL algorithms demonstrate a mean average precision (mAP) of 90.51% in an average inference time of 67.62 milliseconds within 6,000 training epochs. We claim that the use of such mobile platform setups inferring real-time ecological data can help us achieve our goal of quick and effective biodiversity surveys. An experimental test payload is fabricated, and online as well as offline field surveys are conducted, validating the proposed methodology for species identification that can be further extended to geo-localisation of flora and fauna in any ecosystem.
NEAL: an open-source tool for audio annotation
Authors: Gibbons Anthony , Donohue Ian , Gorman Courtney , King Emma , Parnell Andrew
Published: August 2023

Passive acoustic monitoring is used widely in ecology, biodiversity, and conservation studies. Data sets collected via acoustic monitoring are often extremely large and built to be processed automatically using artificial intelligence and machine learning models, which aim to replicate the work of domain experts. These models, being supervised learning algorithms, need to be trained on high quality annotations produced by experts. Since the experts are often resource-limited, a cost-effective process for annotating audio is needed to get maximal use out of the data. We present an open-source interactive audio data annotation tool, NEAL (Nature+Energy Audio Labeller). Built using R and the associated Shiny framework, the tool provides a reactive environment where users can quickly annotate audio files and adjust settings that automatically change the corresponding elements of the user interface. The app has been designed with the goal of having both expert birders and citizen scientists contribute to acoustic annotation projects. The popularity and flexibility of R programming in bioacoustics means that the Shiny app can be modified for other bird labelling data sets, or even to generic audio labelling tasks. We demonstrate the app by labelling data collected from wind farm sites across Ireland.
Technology commercialization: tools for offering technologies protected through intellectual property
Authors: Venditti Lucca Moreira , Ramírez-Valdivia Martha , Solano Dante Benito Castro , Verma Saurabh , Andrade Herlandí de Souza
Published: August 2023

The commercialization of technology is an important process for generating innovation in a society, because, when a technology is developed and patented, it needs to be transferred to be implemented and become useful to the community, which often does not occur, because, technology transfer is not guaranteed, as well as its technology offering sub-process. Thus, the study issue is the gap between technology development, technology transfer, and more specifically the offer of technology to potential customers. Seeking to identify methods and tools to offer technology and systematically develop a robust guideline to be followed for offering technologies from Technology Transfer Offices (TTO), uniting the main methods found. Through the systematic literature review, information from several authors who study or correlate their studies with the proposed theme, seeks to condense this information and complement a practical solution developed through Design Science Research. That said, the main facilitators of technology offer and transfer were identified from a solid and current literature review, generating an ideal foundation for the development of a systemic artifact that seeks to serve as a robust guideline to be followed for the provision of technologies from of TTO. So that the technology offer process of the technology transfer offices of the various Science and Technology Institutes is viable and efficient, seeking greater effectiveness and commitment of new technologies as innovation for the social body as a whole.
Immunoprofiling of BRAFV600E in Precancerous and Cancerous Lesions of Breast by Immunohistochemistry and its Association with Clinicopathological Features
Authors: Khan Simran , Bhake Arvind , Vagha Sunita
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Breast carcinoma in women is one of the few causes of morbidity and mortality which concerns the health providers. The molecular basis of breast carcinoma in recent years has provided the insight for the genesis of carcinoma, the prognostic, and predictive utility for targeted therapies. Aim: A study has been planned with the aim to know immunoprofiling of BRAFV600E in precancerous and cancerous lesions of the breast by Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and its association with clinicopathological features. Materials and Methods: The subjects will be divided in two groups of 45 cases each: Precancerous breast lesions; and Invasive ductal carcinoma. The tissue of these cases will undergo IHC of BRAFV600E. The comparison of expression is to be brought out and the clinicopathological association of immunoexpression of BRAFV600E will also be studied.
Thermodynamic Entropy: A Natural Metric for Landcover Classification
Authors: Myina O. M. , Myina I. S.
Published: August 2023

Most landcover (LC) studies employ physical characteristics involving spectral reflectance. This study employs the concept of energy and entropy for LC classification. Satellite imageries from Landsat-8, the Operational Land Imager (OLI) and the Thermal Infra-Red Sensor (TIRS) captured at 100 m for three years (2013, 2015 and 2017) and resampled to a spatial resolution of 30 m for multispectral measurements were acquired. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of the study area was computed for both the wet (September/October) and dry (March) seasons of years 2013, 2015 and 2017, respectively; and the vegetation cover maps and landcover classification of the area based on the NDVI values were generated. Land surface temperature (LST) and net radiation of the surface area were computed and used as inputs for computing the surface entropy flux (SEF) of the study area. Overall, the dry season of 2017 had the highest vegetation cover while the wet season vegetation cover was highest in 2015. The high dry season vegetation cover in 2017 is attributable to higher level of living biomass than previous years. NDVI-based LC classification of the area showed an overlap in distinguishing between built-up areas and vegetation cover as well as between bare (land) surface and free water bodies. This is attributable to skewed measure of centrality for the sample distribution possibly resulting from the quality (resolution) of data used or sampling techniques. Free water bodies had the highest SEF values that fall within expected behavior for bodies of such state (liquids). The vegetation covers had the second highest SEF values for the entire site and the highest on land surface, which could be attributed to higher latent heat fluxes of such covers resulting from the evapotranspiration processes. The bare surfaces and built-up area of the study area were observed to have the lowest SEF values. The LC of the study area was reclassified based on SEF values via ground truthing i.e., by taking statistical distribution of well-known surface classes across the years under study. This was successful in distinguishing vegetation cover, surfaces of free water bodies and bare surfaces. A regression analysis revealed that LST influences SEF by up to 69 – 75% while vegetation cover has no appreciable influence on SEF.  A two-sample t-test showed a significant (P = 0.05) difference between the SEF for bare surfaces and that for vegetation cover. All these presents SEF as a reliable natural metric for LC classification.
Impact of Agrochemicals on Beneficial Microorganisms and Human Health
Authors: Buch Khuban , Saikanth D. R. K. , Singh Bal Veer , Mallick Biswajit , Pandey Shivam Kumar , Prabhavathi N. , Satapathy Satya Narayan
Published: August 2023

Agrochemicals, including fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides, are widely used in agriculture to improve crop yields and protect plants from pests and diseases. There is growing concern over their impact on beneficial soil microorganisms and, indirectly, on human health. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the effects of agrochemicals on soil microbial communities and human health, focusing on recent scientific research and case studies. Exploring various agrochemicals can disrupt microbial diversity, population, and functionality, affecting crucial soil processes and, in turn, ecosystem health. We delve into the pathways of human exposure to agrochemicals and the potential health implications. To mitigate the adverse effects of agrochemicals, the review highlights several alternative approaches, including the use of organic fertilizers and pesticides, precision agriculture, and genetically modified crops. Despite these advancements, research gaps persist in understanding the complex interplay between agrochemicals, beneficial microorganisms, and human health, particularly in the changing agricultural practices and climate conditions. We argue that interdisciplinary, long-term studies are needed to fill these gaps and develop sustainable, health-conscious agricultural practices. The review is intended for researchers, policymakers, and agricultural practitioners seeking to understand and address the environmental and health impacts of agrochemicals.
Impact Analysis of Front Line Demonstration on Tomato under Mid Plain Agro-Climatic Zone of Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Chaturvedi A. K. , Srivastava R. , Chaudhary R. P. , Tiwari Ajay , Dwivedi V. , Singh Neeraj
Published: August 2023

Aims: Tomatoes benefit local farmers because of their excellent storage and truck-gardening capabilities. Because of local demand, tomatoes are a prominent commercial vegetable production in the Bhadohi area. A Frontline demonstration was held to cover the aforementioned possibility and impact of increase farmer earnings.

Place and Duration of Study: The current study was conducted by ICAR-IIVR - Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bhadohi for five years in a row from 2018–19 to 2022–23 in the farmers' fields in various areas of the district using front-line demonstration.

Methodology: Over the investigation's five years, a total of 112 demonstrations were held at farmer fields on 5.0 ha of land. Each frontline demonstration was set up on 0.1 ha of land, with the nearby 0.3 ha serving as the comparison control (farmer's practice). KVK scientists gathered information on yield, production costs, and returns from farmers' practice plots (control plots) and front-line demonstration plots. Finally, the formulas proposed by Samui et al. [1] was used to calculate the extension gap, technology gap, and technology index.

Results: Under the five-year FLD program, the average extension gap was 140.9 q/ha, the technology gap was 184.74 q/ha, and the technology indexwas 30.79 percent. The benefit cost ratio of tomato ranged from 5.02 to 7.44 in demonstration plots and from 3.99 to 5.74 in farmer’s practice plots during five years of demonstration with an average of 2.60 in demonstration and 2.09 under farmer’s practices. 

Conclusion: Front-line example shows how new technology may boost output and profit .The Bhadohi districts of Uttar Pradesh's mid plain have improved vegetable production, consumption, nutritional security, and overall livelihood security as a result of the productivity gain under FLD over existing tomato cultivation practices. This has increased awareness and inspired other farmers in the district to adopt the demonstrated technologies for tomato production.
Impact of Controlling Treatment on African Marigold (Tagetus erecta L.) with Special Reference to Economic Parameters
Authors: Kaushik Himanshu , Singh J. P. , Singh K. P. , Singh Joginder , Kumar Sachin , Kumar Amrendra , Kumar Vikas , Kumar Rajat
Published: August 2023

The present investigation “Impact of controlling treatment on African marigold (Tagetus erecta L.) with special reference to Economic parameters” was carried out at the Department of Horticulture, Gochar Mahavidhyalaya, Rampur Maniharan, Saharanpur affiliated by CCSU, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh during 2017-18. During the study period various treatments were given to accelerate the growth of flowering and vegetative parameters of the selected species. All the vegetative and flowering parameters like plant spreading, diameter of plant, number of primary and secondary branches and in the flowering parameters i.e. bud initiation, number of flowers per plant, total flower yield was recorded maximum under T6 (75% RDF + vermicompost + azotobacter) treatment, while all the values were found minimum under control treatment and there was a big difference between the output of said treatment. Economic parameters were found very close to the studied vegetative and flowering parameters as given treatment played a pivotal role to enhance the economic gain from selected flowering plant and the maximum CBR was also recorded under T6 (75% RDF + vermicompost + azotobacter) treatment while the minimum CBR was recorded under control treatment.
Influence of Super Nano Urea and Nano DAP on Growth Parameters of Rice Fallow Cotton under High Density Planting System
Authors: Mahachandramuki E. , Thirukumaran K. , Karthikeyan R. , Sivakumar R. , Sellamuthu K. M. , Prabukumar G.
Published: August 2023

The experiment was carried out at wetlands farm, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, during summer, 2023 in a Randomized block design with ten treatments and replicated thrice. The main objective of this study is to find out the effect of varied dose of basal nitrogen & phosphorus and foliar application of conventional urea, super nano urea and nano DAP on rice fallow cotton under High Density Planting System (HDPS) on growth parameters. Cotton variety CO 17 was taken up for the study with RDF of 150:50:50 NPK Kg ha-1. The experimental details viz., T1- control (without N&P) K alone, T2- RDF (150:50:50 NPK Kg ha-1), T3- 50% RDN&P,100% K+ conventional urea @ 1% and nano DAP @ 0.5% at 25 DAS, T4- 50% RDN&P,100% K+ conventional urea @ 1% and nano DAP @ 0.5% at 25 DAS and 45 DAS, T5- 50% RDN&P,100% K+  SNU(Super Nano Urea) @ 0.25%  and nano DAP @ 0.5%  at 25 DAS (Days After Sowing) and 45 DAS, T6- 50% RDN&P,100% K+ SNU @ 0.25%  and nano DAP @ 0.5%  at 25 DAS, 45 DAS and 65 DAS, T7- 50% RDN&P,100% K+ SNU @ 0.5% and nano DAP @ 0.5% at 25 DAS and 45 DAS, T8- 25% RDN&P,100% K+ SNU @ 0.5% and nano DAP @ 0.5%  at 25 DAS 45 DAS and 65 DAS, T9- 50% RDN&P,100% K+ SNU @ 1% and nano DAP @ 0.5%  at 25 DAS, T10- 50% RDN&P,100% K+ SNU @ 1% and nano DAP @ 0.5%  at 25 DAS and 45 DAS. The experimental results revealed that, among all the treatments, T10 significantly registered the increased plant height (112.33 cm) and highest leaf area index (4.11) and enhanced light interception (91%). Based on the experimental results, it is concluded T10 i.e., reduced application of basal nitrogen and phosphorus (50% RDN&P + 100% K) with super nano urea foliar spray @ 1% and nano DAP foliar spray @ 0.5% at 25 DAS and 45 DAS found to be the optimal dosage for increased growth parameters under high density planting system in rice fallow cotton.
Communication Gap in Impression Management by Fathers on Their Adolescent Sons
Authors: Mariam Iis , Rewindinar
Published: August 2023

Objectives: Fatherlessness, which refers to the distant relationship between fathers and their children, is a prevalent issue in modern society. Fathers focus more on their roles outside the home to fulfill their responsibilities. Thus fathers have limited time to interact with their children compared to mothers. In addition, as the heads of the family, fathers must maintain their figures, especially with their adolescent sons who are starting to get to know the wider environment.

This study aims to investigate how fathers use impression management in their interactions with their adolescent sons.

Study design: A study with a subjective interpretation approach was carried out to understand in depth how impression management by fathers is a form of communication that can build interpersonal relationships with their adolescent sons.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in Indonesia, from December 2022 to June 2023.

Methodology: In-depth interviews were conducted with 7 pairs of fathers (aged 38 to 50 years) and sons (aged 12 to 15 years) who each attended private schools in 7 major cities in Indonesia.

Results: Fathers do impression management when interacting with their adolescent sons to maintain their self-image. Fathers manage self-impression as a figure that must be respected through creating a respected image, having similar interests in gender and role models. The implication is that fathers when communicating with their adolescent sons, tend to maintain a quiet condition and create an atmosphere where their adolescent sons should have the same attitude as them. This causes discomfort for their adolescent sons so they prefer to communicate with other people rather than with their fathers.

Conclusion: Impression management becomes a communication gap, which in turn creates a distance in father-son relationships.
TÜRK EDEBİYATINI SEVENLER CEMİYETİ’NİN BERLİN’DE KURULUŞU, FAALİYETLERİ VE SAVAŞ YILLARINDA İSTANBUL’DA ŞUBE AÇMA GAYRETLERİ
Authors: Karadoğan Umut C. , Akdağ Ahmet
Published: August 2023

1917 yılında Berlin’de faaliyete başlayan Türk Edebiyatını Sevenler Cemiyeti, Türkiye’de şubeleşebilmek amacıyla çeşitli girişimlerde bulunmuş ve netice olarak bu maksadını gerçekleştirmiştir. Bu cemiyetin temel hedefleri; Türk edebiyatı ve dilinin incelenmesi, Türk edebiyatının dünya edebiyatı içersinde hak ettiği yeri alması, İslam dininin Türk ve diğer Ortadoğu ülkeleri üzerindeki tesirinin tespiti ve incelenmesi, İstanbul'da Alman bilim adamlarının da kullanımına sunulabilecek bir Doğu eserleri kütüphanesinin kurulması, Alman oryantalistlerle Türk bilim insanlarının kişisel iletişimlerinin kolaylaştırılması ve işbirliği içerisinde bilimsel çalışmalar yapılabilmesi, gerekirse bu hususlarda Türk ve Alman devletlerinin siyasi ve mali desteklerinin alınması şeklindedir. Cemiyetin İstanbul şubesi, Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın kaybedilmesine kadar Türkiye’deki faaliyetlerini sürdürmüştür.

Bu çalışmada, İstanbul’da şubesi açılan Türk Edebiyatını Sevenler Cemiyeti’nin kuruluş öncesi girişimleri ve kurulduktan sonraki faaliyetleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu bağlamda Alman bilim çevrelerinin benzer cemiyetlerle ilgili amaçları, söz konusu cemiyetin Berlin’deki kuruluş süreci ve maksadı, Türk-Alman bilimsel yaşamına katkıları, İstanbul’daki Macar Bilim Enstitüsü ile olan iş birliği gibi hususlar; Türk, Alman, Macar ve diğer yabancı kaynaklardan istifade edilerek ortaya konmuştur.
ANTİK MEZOPOTAMYA SOSYAL DÜZENİNDE DEMONLAR: PAZUZU VE LAMAŠTU PARADOKSU
Authors: Dilek Yeşim
Published: August 2023

Yaşamın her alanına yayılan paradoksal düşünme ve kişilerin karakterleriyle uyuşmayan zıt davranışları, aslında birbirine tezat ancak aynı zamanda sinerjik ve sistem içerisinde birbiriyle ilişkili dualiteleri birlikte düşünmeyi gerektirmiştir. Dışarıdan tamamen zıt algılanan muğlak olgular aslında bir toplumun sosyal düzeninin oluşmasında oldukça önemli yer edinmektedir. Antik dönemlerde yaşayan halkların sosyal düzeni oluşturmak ve bulundukları çağa ayak uydurmak için kendi yarattıkları olgular içerisinde hem düalist hem de ironik durumlar mevcuttur. Bu antik toplumlar arasında en göze çarpanı medeniyetin beşiği olarak görülen ve tarihte oldukça önemli bir yere sahip olan Antik Mezopotamya’dır. Mezopotamya'da tanrılarla birlikte koruyucular, iyi ve kötü ruhlar, demonlar ve hayaletler de dâhil olmak üzere birçok farklı türde insanüstü varlığın olduğuna inanılmıştır. Bu varlıklar sosyal düzen ve denge içerisine dâhil edilmiş ve böylece toplumsal yapının oluşumuna katkıları olmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Mezopotamya’nın sıra dışı demonlarından Pazuzu ve Lamaštu’yu farklı karakteristik özellikleri bağlamında sosyal düzen içerisinde paradoksal ve ironik yönleriyle ele almaktır.
NORMAN LİDER ROBERT GUISCARD’IN BİZANS (DOĞU ROMA) İLE MÜCADELESİ
Authors: Korunur Harun
Published: August 2023

Kavimler Göçü’nün etkisi hemen hemen tüm Avrupa’yı etkiledi. Bu etki günümüz Avrupa’sının oluşumunda önemli bir unsur oldu. Roma’nın barbar diye nitelendirdiği bu kavimler Avrupa içlerinde kendilerine bir yer edinme çabası içerisine girdiler. Vikingler de bu kavimlerden biriydi ve onlar hem gemicilik hem de savaş mahareti bakımından etkindi. Daha sonra Norman kimliği ile tarih sahnesinde yerini alan bu kavim yayılmacı ve istilacı bir siyaset yürütmekteydi. Zamanla İtalya’da hâkimiyeti sağladılar. Bu kavmin içerisinde kendinden söz ettiren liderlerden biri de şüphesiz Robert Guiscard idi. Bu lider İtalya hâkimiyeti sonrası yayılmacı politikalara devam ederek Bizans kontrolündeki Balkanlara saldırdı. Bizans’a da hâkim olarak imparator olmak istiyordu ve bu gaye için Bizans ile mücadeleye girişti. Çalışmamızın amacı Norman lider Robert Guiscard ile Bizans mücadelesini değerlendirmektir. Bu doğrultuda IX. yüzyıl Bizans ve Norman siyasi tarihindeki ilişkilerle ilgili bakış açısı kazandırmayı hedeflemektedir.
Frontmatter
Authors: Istadi Istadi
Published: August 2023

Frontmatter
Backmatter
Authors: Istadi Istadi
Published: August 2023

Backmatter
Assessment of Artificial Intelligence Chatbot Responses to Top Searched Queries About Cancer
Authors: Pan Alexander , Musheyev David , Bockelman Daniel , Loeb Stacy , Kabarriti Abdo E.
Published: August 2023

Importance

Consumers are increasingly using artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots as a source of information. However, the quality of the cancer information generated by these chatbots has not yet been evaluated using validated instruments.

Objective

To characterize the quality of information and presence of misinformation about skin, lung, breast, colorectal, and prostate cancers generated by 4 AI chatbots.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cross-sectional study assessed AI chatbots’ text responses to the 5 most commonly searched queries related to the 5 most common cancers using validated instruments. Search data were extracted from the publicly available Google Trends platform and identical prompts were used to generate responses from 4 AI chatbots: ChatGPT version 3.5 (OpenAI), Perplexity (Perplexity.AI), Chatsonic (Writesonic), and Bing AI (Microsoft).

Exposures

Google Trends’ top 5 search queries related to skin, lung, breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer from January 1, 2021, to January 1, 2023, were input into 4 AI chatbots.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcomes were the quality of consumer health information based on the validated DISCERN instrument (scores from 1 [low] to 5 [high] for quality of information) and the understandability and actionability of this information based on the understandability and actionability domains of the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT) (scores of 0%-100%, with higher scores indicating a higher level of understandability and actionability). Secondary outcomes included misinformation scored using a 5-item Likert scale (scores from 1 [no misinformation] to 5 [high misinformation]) and readability assessed using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level readability score.

Results

The analysis included 100 responses from 4 chatbots about the 5 most common search queries for skin, lung, breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer. The quality of text responses generated by the 4 AI chatbots was good (median [range] DISCERN score, 5 [2-5]) and no misinformation was identified. Understandability was moderate (median [range] PEMAT Understandability score, 66.7% [33.3%-90.1%]), and actionability was poor (median [range] PEMAT Actionability score, 20.0% [0%-40.0%]). The responses were written at the college level based on the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level score.

Conclusions and Relevance

Findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that AI chatbots generally produce accurate information for the top cancer-related search queries, but the responses are not readily actionable and are written at a college reading level. These limitations suggest that AI chatbots should be used supplementarily and not as a primary source for medical information.
Virtual Tumor Boards for Remote Learning in Head and Neck Surgical Oncology
Authors: Papazian Michael R. , Chow Michael , Weed Donald , Liu Jeffrey C. , Bewley Arnaud F. , Moore Michael G. , Givi Babak
Published: August 2023

Importance

In addition to their patient management value, multidisciplinary tumor boards have been recognized as effective learning tools. However, the value of using a virtual tumor board as a learning tool for head and neck surgical oncology fellows has not been studied.

Objective

To describe the structure and content of the American Head and Neck Society (AHNS) Virtual Tumor Board and assess its educational value as perceived by attendees.

Design, Setting, and Participants

All sessions of the AHNS Virtual Tumor Board from April 8, 2020, to June 1, 2022, were reviewed. Topics, presenters, participants, and viewership data were collected as of October 15, 2022, from session recordings posted to an online video sharing and social media platform. Additionally, an anonymous, 14-question online survey was designed to elicit feedback from head and neck surgery trainees on virtual tumor board engagement, strengths, and weaknesses. The survey was electronically distributed in June and July 2022 to the 101 fellows enrolled in AHNS-accredited programs between July 1, 2020, and June 30, 2022.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary aim was to tabulate online viewership of the sessions. The secondary aim was to qualitatively assess the experience of head and neck trainees with the AHNS Virtual Tumor Board using a survey.

Results

Forty-two sessions of the virtual tumor board were held between April 8, 2020, and June 1, 2022. Almost all sessions (41 [98%]) were case based. One hundred and sixteen cases were presented, representing 2 to 3 cases per session, by 75 unique faculty members. Each session was viewed a mean of 217 times (range, 64-2216 views). In the 2021 to 2022 academic year, a mean of 60 viewers (range, 30-92 viewers) attended each live session. In all, 29 survey responses were collected from 101 fellows in AHNS-accredited programs (29% response rate). Most respondents felt the format allowed for excellent teaching (18 of 26 respondents [69%]) and discussion (19 of 26 respondents [73%]). Most respondents (22 of 29 respondents [76%]) believed that practicing head and neck surgeons would benefit from the sessions.

Conclusions and Relevance

This survey study found that the AHNS Virtual Tumor Board was well-attended and well-reviewed by head and neck surgical oncology trainees. The virtual tumor board format could be used as model of remote learning for other organizations.
Role of Epigenetics and Metabolomics in Predicting Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Di Pietrantonio Nadia , Cappellacci Ilaria , Mandatori Domitilla , Baldassarre Maria Pompea Antonia , Pandolfi Assunta , Pipino Caterina
Published: August 2023

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a worldwide health problem and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in T2D patients, making the prevention of CVD onset a major priority. It is therefore crucial to optimize diagnosis and treatment to reduce this burden. Endothelial dysfunction is one of the most important prognostic factors for CVD progression, thus novel approaches to identify the early phase of endothelial dysfunction may lead to specific preventive measures to reduce the occurrence of CVD. Nowadays, multiomics approaches have provided unprecedented opportunities to stratify T2D patients into endotypes, improve therapeutic treatment and outcome and amend the survival prediction. Among omics strategies, epigenetics and metabolomics are gaining increasing interest. Recently, a dynamic correlation between metabolic pathways and gene expression through chromatin remodeling, such as DNA methylation, has emerged, indicating new perspectives on the regulatory networks impacting cellular processes. Thus, a better understanding of epigenetic‐metabolite relationships can provide insight into the physiological processes altered early in the endothelium that ultimately head to disease development. Here, recent studies on epigenetics and metabolomics related to CVD prevention potentially useful to identify disease biomarkers, as well as new therapies hopefully targeting the early phase of endothelial dysfunction are highlighted.