bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mutilación genital = Genital mutilation
Authors: García Sedano Tania
Published: September 2017

Resumen: La mutilación genital constituye una realidad no erradicada que representa una grave vulneración de numerosos derechos fundamentales. Así, numerosos instrumentos internacionales y supranacionales se han ocupado de la misma y por ello ha sido tipificada penalmente en el ordenamiento jurídico español. El presente artículo parte de los mismos para analizar el significado del delito de mutilación genital en nuestro país.Palabras clave: Mutilación genital, derechos humanos, delito, lesiones.Abstract: Genital mutilation constitutes a non-eradicated reality that represents a serious violation of many fundamental rights. Thus, numerous international and supranational instruments have dealt with it and for this reason it has been criminalized in the Spanish legal system. The present article starts from the same ones to analyze the meaning of the crime of genital mutilation in our country.Keywords: Genital mutilation, human rights, crime, injuries.
Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage, a Promising FACTS Device for Wind Energy Conversion Systems
Authors: Abu-Siada Ahmed , Masoum Mohammad A. S. , Alharbi Yasser , Shahnia Farhad , Shiddiq Yunus A. M.
Published: September 2017

The applications of FACTS devices have become popular in the last few decades. There are many types of FACTS devices that are currently used in power systems to improve system stability, power quality and the overall reliability of the power systems. Since the involvement of renewable energies based power plants such as wind and PV, problems related to power system stability and quality has become even more complex, therefore the deployment of FACTS devices has become a challenging task. In this chapter, a Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) Unit is applied to improve the performance of Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based wind turbine during various disturbances such as voltage sag, short circuit faults and load variation, including problems related to internal faults within the DFIG converters.
Influencia de factores edáficos en el crecimiento de una plantación de Pinus greggii Engelm. en Santiago de Anaya, Hidalgo, México
Authors: Domínguez Calleros Pedro Antonio , Díaz Vásquez Manuel Antonio , Rodríguez Laguna Rodrigo , Capulín Grande Juan , Razo Zárate Ramón
Published: September 2017

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la supervivencia y crecimiento de una plantación de Pinus greggii establecida en 2003 en un terreno (2.1 ha) con suelo degradado y escasa precipitación. En especial se evaluó el efecto de las características edafológicas del sitio en el crecimiento de la plantación. Se registraron también la cobertura, la regeneración natural y el material combustible. Para esto, se establecieron 9 sitios circulares de 1/10 ha, en tres bloques de acuerdo a la pendiente del terreno. La supervivencia promedio fue de 91%, con mejores porcentajes en los bloques medio e inferior de la parcela. La altura, diámetro y volumen arrojaron diferencias significativas entre los sitios y bloques, los mayores valores e incrementos se registraron en los árboles de los sitios inferiores del terreno que muestran mayor fertilidad. En promedio la altura fue de 9.4 m, el diámetro de 14.4 cm y el volumen 60.2 m3 r.t.a. ha-1 (metro cúbico de madera en rollo total del árbol en una superficie de 1 ha). En las partes altas del terreno se registró la menor cobertura vegetal (9.6% del suelo), favoreciendo con esto la presencia de elementos vegetales propios de sitios con alta luminosidad, como los magueyes, registrándose en promedio 400 individuos por hectárea. Respecto al material combustible, solo se registró en los sitios inferiores y medios, siendo la biomasa combustible ≥ 5 cm de diámetro la de mayor cantidad (69.2 kg ha-1). Dado que este material se encuentra disperso, no pone en riesgo de incendios a la plantación. Se recomienda realizar preaclareos y podas en los árboles que quedaran hasta el final del turno. Estas acciones reducirán la competencia y aumentaran la calidad de la madera, además de mejorar las condiciones edáficas del sitio mediante la incorporación del material vegetal al suelo.
Белок Klotho и фактор роста фибробластов FGF23 как маркеры хронической болезни почек
Authors: Melnik A.A.
Published: September 2017

Хроническая болезнь почек (ХБП) является глобальной проблемой общественного здравоохранения в мире. Исследования ученых направлены на поиски новых биомаркеров ХБП. Такими биомаркерами являются растворимый белок α-Klotho и фактор роста фибробластов FGF23. Показано, что экспрессия белка Klotho уменьшается параллельно с прогрессированием ХБП и достигает низких или неопределяемых значений в терминальной стадии заболевания почек. В отличие от Klotho фактор роста фибробластов FGF23 повышается на ранних стадиях ХБП и служит предиктором неблагоприятного клинического исхода. Уровни белка Klotho и FGF23 являются ранними, чувствительными и специфичными биомаркерами при ХБП и имеют диагностичеcкую ценность для прогнозирования осложнений при заболевании почек.
In Vitro α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Ethanol Extract of Buas-buas (Premna serratifolia Linn)
Authors: Hadiarti Dini
Published: September 2017

In 2008, diabetics in Indonesia has reached 8,5 million of 11,1 % prevalence in West Kalimantan. It was estimated to reach 14,1 million in 2035. The treatment of diabetes may occur adverse reactions such as hypoglycemia, lipoatrophy, lipohypertrophy, lactic acidosis, gastrointestinal disturbances, allergic reactions, and obesity. Therefore, it is necessary to find an alternative medicine to overcome this problem. Buas-buas (Premna serratifolia Linn) could supposedly be an anti diabetic by inhibiting the α-glucosidase enzyme, due to the compositions of secondary metabolites, cardioprotective activity and it has a similar genus with Premna serratifolia Linn. The soxhlet extraction result from Premna serrtifolia Linn leaf powders produced of 34,1 % yield. Meanwhile, the activity of α-glucosidase in vitroinhibition test with amicroplate reader in various concentrations of samples of 0,125, 0,5, 1, 1,5, 2, dan 2,5 2% (b/v) were obtained the absorptions of 37,95, 74,77, 86,15, 91,03 and 91,69 %, respectively. The extraction of Premna serratifolia Linn leaf revealed that the concentration of 2 % of sample inhibited in vitro α-glucosidase with a percentage of 91,03 %. The extraction of Premna serratifolia Linn leafinhibited α-glucosidase of 97 % from the percentage of Acarboseinhibition.
Bibliotecas verdes: ¿Existen en Yucatán?
Authors: Vargas Echeverría Shilia Lisset
Published: September 2017

La siguiente investigación presenta el tema del desarrollo sostenible y cómo esta corriente se ha relacionado con las bibliotecas. Para ejemplificar este punto, se presentan varios estudios realizados con la idea de aplicar este enfoque en diferentes bibliotecas, ocasionando el surgimiento de las bibliotecas verdes, es decir, bibliotecas diseña- das para minimizar el impacto negativo en el medio ambiente. Esto con el propósito de tener un panorama general que permita entender cómo se ha llevado a cabo esta idea del desarrollo sostenible en el estado de Yucatán. Para lograrlo, se realizaron una serie de entrevistas al personal de cinco bibliotecas ubicadas en la ciudad de Mérida. Los resultados arrojan que la entidad todavía tiene un largo camino que recorrer para que sus bibliotecas operen bajo el concepto del desarrollo sostenible. Sin embargo, ya se están dando los primeros pasos hacia este camino.
Motivación para la práctica de actividad física
Authors: Lobo Alexandrina , Cortiñas Guadalupe , Mecerreyes Cristina , Ojea Beatriz , Santis Irene , Vicente Andrea
Published: September 2017

La actividad física (AF) es un medio ideal para la obtención de beneficios bio-psico-sociales en la salud. Por lo que en este estudio se procuró conocer los motivos de la práctica de AF por los intereses de indagar y comprender los factores que puedan estimular, promover y definir su práctica.
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo-correlacional, de corte transversal en una muestra intencional de 58 personas de la población de Ourense con más de 18 años. Se empleó un cuestionario incluyendo el auto-informe de motivos para la práctica de ejercicio físico. La prevención y salud positiva es el principal motivo señalado para realizar AF. Hay asociación positiva entre el nivel de estudios y la frecuencia de AF (r= 0,382). La edad se correlaciona positivamente con la prevención, salud positiva y las urgencias de la salud.
El incremento del conocimiento de los motivos de la práctica de AF permite que se crean estrategias de intervenciones más eficaces y duraderas para la adopción de estilos de vida saludables.
Yonnataa: una mirada a la etnomotricidad y la cultura somática wayuu
Authors: Vega Gámez Marta Inés
Published: September 2017

Esta investigación busca caracterizar el desarrollo motor y la cultura somática wayuu considerando el cuerpo como hecho bio-psico-social. En este sentido, ha sido necesario establecer también de qué manera los wayuu estimulan el desarrollo motor de los niños con el fin de prepararlos para la ejecución de labores que garanticen la subsistencia (pesca, cacería, pastoreo, agricultura, elaboración de artesanías), el ocio y la recreación (juegos autóctonos y apropiados), la reproducción de la cultura (danza) y el fortalecimiento de la identidad. Se presenta el contexto geográfico y cultural de los indígenas wayuu que habitan en el departamento de La Guajira - Colombia. Los referentes teóricos están fundamentados en los planteamientos de la antropología del cuerpo, los conceptos de cultura somática, etnomotricidad, desarrollo motor y expresiones motrices. La metodología está basada en el enfoque cualitativo, el método etnográfico y la aplicación de técnicas como la entrevista y la observación participante. Los resultados presentan las diferentes etapas de desarrollo definidas por los wayuu y la caracterización del desarrollo motriz en cada una de ellas.
Así mismo, se señala la importancia de algunas actividades cotidiana para el desarrollo de habilidades específicas. La cultura somática y el desarrollo motor de los wayuu deben abordarse desde una perspectiva holística y su fomento no solo debe contemplar la dimensión física del individuo sino también lo cognitivo y cultural.
Musicoterapia y educación física, una posibilidad corpo sonoro musical para preservar la memoria episódica y reconocimiento corporal en un grupo de pacientes mujeres adultas mayores con enfermedad de alzheimer, gds 3 y sanas
Authors: Cardozo Muñoz Sol Nancy
Published: September 2017

La presente investigación estudia los efectos de un programa de musicoterapia para preservar la memoria episódica y el reconocimiento corporal en un grupo de pacientes mujeres a partir de los diferentes síntomas de la Enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) a nivel cognoscitivo y motor. Se realizó un estudio de orden cualitativo con un grupo de cuatro mujeres diagnosticadas con Enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA), GDS 1,2 y 3, comparadas con dos usuarias sanas.
Se realiza la intervención musicoterapéutica centrada en la memoria episódica y el reconocimiento corporal a través de actividades corpo sonoro musicales, en un período de tres meses con dos sesiones semanales de una hora, se emplearon los cuatro métodos musicoterapéuticos receptivo, composición, improvisación, recreación y algunos aspectos del modelo Abordaje Plurimodal, desde las actividades corporales se hace énfasis en la coordinación dinámica general, la coordinación viso manual y viso pédica, el ajuste rítmico y la lateralidad entre otros a través de actividades de juego. Se crearon tres categorías: Memoria episódica, reconocimiento corporal, cohesión de grupo y se realizó un análisis descriptivo.
En la investigación se encuentran fundamentos teóricos sobre enfermedades neurodegenerativas, demencias, Enfermedad de Alzheimer, memoria, reconocimiento corporal, musicoterapia entre otros.
El IPAQ como instrumento de medición de actividad física en empleados de la Universidad de los Llanos
Authors: Santamaría Niño Oscar Mauricio , Moreno Rodas Wilson Andrés
Published: September 2017

Existe suficiente evidencia acerca de que la inactividad fí- sica es uno de los factores que pueden contribuir a la obesidad y otras enfermedades crónicas y metabólicas de riesgo, por esta razón es necesario interrumpir el tiempo sedentario, con el fin de tener una mejor calidad de vida. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo conocer los niveles de actividad física producidos por una intervención con pausas activas durante la jornada laboral. Los resultados muestran que el género femenino fue el que mayor cambio presentó mediante el proceso de intervención, teniendo en cuenta que contaba con mayor cantidad de sujetos intervenidos, para un total de 29 siendo (81 % del total), y el masculino contó con 7 administrativos (19 % del total). En cuanto al nivel de AF, la categoría baja disminuyó en cinco administrativos (14 %), la categoría moderada aumentó dos sujetos (6 %), y la alta aumentó tres sujetos (8 %). De esta manera se puede identificar el IPAQ como un instrumento idóneo al momento de realizar investigaciones que requieran medir el nivel de actividad física en una población.
Deportistas escolares Centroamericanos: proceso de identificación y detección de talentos
Authors: Ramos Bermúdez Santiago , Aguirre-Loaiza Héctor Haney
Published: September 2017

La medición previa de características asociadas al rendimiento deportivo es necesaria para garantizar que quienes inician el proceso de preparación cuenten con los postulados necesarios para alcanzar el éxito. Objetivo: establecer si los participantes en los IV Juegos Escolares Centroamericanos y del Caribe realizados en Armenia, Colombia, en 2013 fueron seleccionados a partir de pruebas objetivas para determinar el nivel del talento deportivo. Método: estudio cuantitativo, prospectivo, con alcance descriptivo y corte transversal. Población y muestra: en representación de 683 participantes, fue encuestada una muestra intencional de 233 deportistas de nueve países, con edad media 16.9 ± 0.76 años, edad deportiva 7.26 ± 3.27 años. La encuesta fue elaborada por el grupo investigador y sometida a criterio de expertos. La participación fue voluntaria. La información fue tratada con el programa SPSS v.17. Resultados: A 2 de cada 3 participantes se les aplicó algún procedimiento de evaluación de aptitudes, siendo las más utilizadas las medidas antropométricas seguidas de pruebas de condición física y de habilidades técnicas. Solamente a 1 de cada 6 le aplicaron pruebas para todos los factores decisivos para el rendimiento deportivo. Como tendencia, los países mejor clasificados por medallas de oro mostraron mayor uso de pruebas para la identificación de las aptitudes deportivas.
Motricidad y enseñanza: reflexiones hacia prácticas libres
Authors: Ayala Zuluaga José Enver
Published: September 2017

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Diagnóstico y propuestas para la construcción de una seguridad deportiva en Argentina
Authors: Alabarces Pablo , Avila Diana , Branz Juan , Burgos Ramón , Cabrera Nicolas , Czesli Federico
Published: September 2017

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Efecto de un programa de ejercicios físicos sistemáticos sobre la composición corporal en empleados de la Universidad de los Llanos
Authors: Rojas Jaimes Diego Alejandro , Rojas Agudelo Yeismi Marcela , Santiago Arboleda Edward Eliecer
Published: September 2017

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El juego digital como representación del mundo: Una reflexión sobre el significado de la actividad lúdica en el siglo XXI
Authors: Campillo Maza Luis
Published: September 2017

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Práticas alimentares parentais: a percepção de crianças acerca das estratégias educativas utilizadas no condicionamento do comportamento alimentar
Authors: Pinheiro-Carozzo Nádia Prazeres , Oliveira Jena Hanay Araújo de
Published: September 2017

As práticas alimentares parentais são comportamentos ou estratégias utilizadas pelos pais para extinguir comportamentos alimentares inadequados e incentivar a ocorrência de comportamentos alimentares adequados em seus filhos. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a percepção das crianças acerca das práticas alimentares utilizadas pelos seus pais, quais sejam: controle da alimentação feito pela criança, uso de comida para o controle das emoções, incentivo ao equilíbrio e variedade alimentícia, ambiente com presença de alimentos saudáveis, alimento como recompensa, envolvimento, modelo, monitoramento, pressão para comer, restrição alimentar por saúde, restrição alimentar para controle do peso e ensino sobre nutrição. Cento e quatorze crianças responderam o Questionário de Verificação das Práticas Alimentares (QVPA) – Versão Filhos. Os resultados indicam que os pais usam um rol de práticas adequadas como envolvimento, ensino sobre nutrição, incentivo ao equilíbrio e variedade, modelo e monitoramento, ao mesmo tempo em que utilizam práticas inadequadas, tais como alimentos como recompensa e para controle das emoções. Ademais, os pais utilizam práticas semelhantes na educação alimentar do filho indicando acordo e homogeneidade no condicionamento desse comportamento.
Okul öncesi dönemdeki çocukların sosyal problem çözme becerisinin çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi
Authors: Bozkurt Yükçü Şuheda , Demircioğlu Haktan
Published: September 2017

Bu araştırmanın amacı; okul öncesi dönemdeki çocukların sosyal problem çözme becerilerinin çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın evreni, 2015-2016 eğitim ve öğretim yılında Ankara ili Çankaya ilçesinde bulunan bağımsız anaokullarına devam eden dört-altı yaş arası çocuklar ve ebeveynlerinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi, basit rastgele örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilmiş olan 2015-2016 eğitim ve öğretim yılında Ankara ili Çankaya ilçesinde bulunan bağımsız anaokullarına devam eden dört-altı yaş arası 240 çocuk ve ebeveynden oluşmaktadır. Betimsel araştırma yöntemlerinden kesitsel tarama modelinde yürütülen araştırmanın veri toplama aşamasında; Genel Bilgi Formu ve Wally Sosyal Problem Çözme Dedektiflik Oyun Testi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi yapılırken Kruskal Wallis-H Testi, Bağımsız Gruplar-T Testi ve Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre çocukların sosyal problem çözme becerilerinin yaşa göre anlamlı bir farklılık gösterirken; cinsiyete, anne ve baba yaşına, anne ve baba eğitim durumuna, anne ve baba çalışma durumuna, kardeş sayısına ve aylık gelire göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık göstermemektedir. Araştırma sonuçları ilgili literatür çerçevesinde tartışılmış ve yorumlanmıştır.
POPULIST HYSTERIA AND EASTERN EUROPEAN ECONOMIC MIGRATION. THE IMPACT OF ROMANIAN MIGRATION ON THE UK LABOR MARKET
Authors: DÖMȘÖDI Dana
Published: September 2017

This paper focuses on the impact of Eastern European economic migration on the UK labor-market, such as to offer an analysis of the British populist hysteria against Romanians in the context of the lifting of labor-market restrictions for A2 nationals in January 2014. Instead of focusing on the deconstruction of the reactionary and xenophobic populist discourse against Romanian and Bulgarian immigrants, our choice was to focus on structural determinants of economic migration and to link such an approach with a discussion of the European economic and political structures of asymmetry between states, on the one hand, and labor and capital, on the other.
ROMANIAN SOCIAL MOVEMENT: BETWEEN REPOLITICIZATION AND REINFORCEMENT OF THE STATUS-QUO (2012-2017)
Authors: STOICIU Victoria
Published: September 2017

The article states that the social movement that emerged in Romania in 2012 is part of the global anti-austerity movement. It proposes the movement’s analysis in the key of Karl Polanyi’s theory of double movement, portraying it as a counter-movement opposing the third way of marketization, which involves commodification through dispossession of access to water, land, air and other free public goods. The articles shows how the movement, which started as an anti-system protest articulated a series of claims that contested the post-communist consensus and revealed some fundamental conflicts of the society, obscured and mystified by the dominant power structures. It demonstrates that the social movement’s anti-system agenda had a powerful repoliticization potential and announced a new discursive regime challenging the hegemonic discourse, which uses depoliticization tactics for maintaining the existing power structures. The article describes how in parallel to the anti-system discourse the social movement accommodated an anti-governmental narrative that became dominant in the most recent protests of 2017, diminishing the repoliticization and, thus, the emancipatory potential of the movement.
LA LOGIQUE DE LA DISSIMULATION. CLAUDE LEFORT ET LE QUESTIONNEMENT DE L’IDÉOLOGIE
Authors: TĂUT Codrin
Published: September 2017

The main purpose of this article is to bring out the meaning of Lefort's theory of ideology. Criticizing the current line of interpretation, we will try to emphasize two crucial aspects. The first one is that, in Lefort’ system of thought, the ideological function cannot be separated from the general mechanism of the symbolic institution of society. Consequently, the legitimacy of democratic regimes is not incongruous with the logic of ideology.
The Significance of the Amorphous Potential Energy Landscape for Dictating Glassy Dynamics and Driving Solid-State Crystallisation
Authors: Ruggiero Michael T. , Krynski Marcin , Kissi Eric Ofosu , Sibik Juraj , Markl Daniel , Tan Nicholas Y. , Arslanov Denis , van der Zande Wim , Redlich Britta , Korter Timothy M. , Grohganz Holger , Lobmann Korbinian , Rades Thomas , Elliott Stephen R. , Zeitler J. Axel
Published: September 2017

The fundamental origins surrounding the dynamics of disordered solids near their characteristic glass transitions continue to be fiercely debated, even though a vast number of materials can form amorphous solids, including small-molecule organic, inorganic, covalent, metallic, and even large biological systems. The glass-transition temperature, Tg, can be readily detected by a diverse set of techniques, but given that these measurement modalities probe vastly different processes, there has been significant debate regarding the question of why Tg can be detected across all of them. Here we show clear experimental and computational evidence in support of a theory that proposes that the shape and structure of the potential-energy surface (PES) is the fundamental factor underlying the glass-transition processes, regardless of the frequency that experimental methods probe. Whilst this has been proposed previously, we demonstrate, using ab initio molecular-dynamics (AIMD) simulations, that it is of critical importance to carefully consider the complete PES – both the intra-molecular and inter-molecular features – in order to fully un- derstand the entire range of atomic-dynamical processes in disordered solids. Finally, we show that it is possible to utilise this dependence to directly manipulate and harness amorphous dynamics in order to control the behaviour of such solids by using high-powered terahertz pulses to induce crystallisation and preferential crystal-polymorph growth in glasses. Combined, these findings provide direct evidence that the PES landscape, and the corresponding energy barriers, are the ultimate controlling feature behind the atomic and molecular dynamics of disordered solids, regardless of the frequency at which they occur.
Bending experimental study of structural steel beam on magnetic field gradient based on modified Jiles-Atherton model
Authors: Su Sanqing , Yi Shuchun , Wang Wei , Sun Haojiang , Ren Guangchao
Published: September 2017

Previous research of metal magnetic memory (MMM) primarily focused on uniaxial stress-magnetic field behaviors and the judgment criterion of stress concentration zone mainly depended on the tangential and normal component of MMM signals. Magnetic field gradient was only mentioned as an auxiliary condition. In this paper, the variation characteristic of magnetic field gradient under bending load was investigated. Four-point bending tests of Q235B I-steel beams were carried out. The results show that all magnetic field gradient curves are centrosymmetric about midpoint of measurement line. The position of concentrated load can be preliminarily predicted by the mutational point of magnetic field gradient slope on the flange and accurately judged by the zero-crossing position of magnetic field gradient on the web. Whether a specimen is under eccentric compression or not, can be determined by comparing average characteristic parameter values on both sides of specimen. The variation law of magnetic field gradient on both the flange and web can be well explained by the modified Jiles-Atherton model, which is constructed by replacing stress [Formula: see text] with equivalent stress [Formula: see text]. The calculated results are in good agreement with measured data.
Free vibration analysis for a non-contact piezoelectric motor modulated by electromagnetic field
Authors: Xing Jichun , Zhao Longwei
Published: September 2017

For a non-contact piezoelectric motor modulated by electromagnetic field, the equation of the free vibration for the driving system of the motor is given. Using the boundary conditions and continuity conditions, the natural frequencies and mode functions of the driving system are obtained. The variation law of the natural frequency is investigated, when the system parameters of the driving system are changed in a certain range. The results show that the change of the system parameters of piezoelectric stacks and driving beams has obvious effects on odd order natural frequencies of the driving system; the change of the system parameters of the center shaft have obvious effects on even order natural frequencies; In the odd order modes, the maximum vibration amplitude of the driving system occurs at the junction of the driving beam and the center shaft. It is conducive to output of the motor rotation angle. All the results are useful for design and control of operating performance of the motor.
A comprehensive procedure for an optimum design of the Brushless DC motors based on weighted functions
Authors: Safdarzadeh Omid , Hekmati Arsalan
Published: September 2017

In this paper, a comprehensive design procedure for the Brushless DC (BLDC) motors is proposed and the governing equations are derived from the motor flux linkage and are utilized in the flowchart presented for the BLDC motor design. The proposed algorithm is based on the weighted target functions optimization. This algorithm is developed for a surface-mounted permanent-magnet inner-rotor 2pole-3slot pattern BLCD motor. A 120 watt 8pole-12slot 4000 rpm BLDC motor is designed by means of the flowchart as a case study. The resulted parameters from the flowchart are used to make the 3-D model analysed by finite element analysis (FEA). Then, FEA results are compared with the flowchart results to verify the proposed design algorithm. Output parameters of a fabricated BLDC motor having the same physical properties are measured and presented to show the applicability of the algorithm.
Experiment of thawing shrimps (Penaeus vannamei) with high voltage electric field
Authors: Bai Yaxiang , Huo Yuan , Fan Xuejie
Published: September 2017

In order to improve the thawing qualities of aquatic products, shrimps (Penaeus vannamei) as a representative of aquatic products, were thawed with high voltage electric field (HVEF) at different voltages. It was compared with an air-thawed control on the basis of thawing time and the post-thawing quality of the shrimps. The results showed that HVEF can reduce the thawing time of shrimps significantly. Compared with air-thawed control, the thawed shrimps under HVEF had better post-thawing qualities such as lower thawing loss, lower total bacteria count and lower total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N). HVEF thawing has advantages. This suggests an application potential for HVEF treatment in the thawing and storage of frozen aquatic products.
Optimal design of a single-slotted permanent-magnet linear generator for wave energy conversion
Authors: Abdalla I.I. , Ibrahim T. , Nor N.M. , Perumal N.
Published: September 2017

As compared to other renewable energy technologies, the ocean waves are huge, largely untapped energy resource, and the potential in extracting energy is considerable. There is a lack of convergence on the best method of extracting energy from the waves, despite previous innovations, which has generally focused on the concept and design of the wave energy converter (WEC) technology, making the strategies for enhancing the efficiency of WECs important. This paper presents the performance analysis and design optimization of a single-slotted permanent-magnet linear generator. The magnetic field distribution in a cylindrical coordinate has been established. The magnetic field provides a prediction for the thrust force, flux-linkage and back-electromotive force (B-EMF), and also facilitates the characterization of the proposed machine as well as provides a basis for design optimization and dynamic modeling of the system. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has been used for the design optimization of the proposed generator. The proposed generator has been optimized with respect to the leading design parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Thus, from the results, it can be observed that the generator has a very good efficiency to serve as WEC.
Analysis of electromagnetic torque of induction motors with two different doubly skewed rotors
Authors: Bao Xiaohua , Fang Jinlong , Ni Youyuan , Xu Wei , Wu Changjiang
Published: September 2017

Induction machines with conventional skewed rotor have lower starting torque compared with non-skewed rotor induction motors. In order to improve the electromagnetic torque, an induction motor with two different doubly skewed rotors was proposed in this paper. The fundamental electromagnetic torque and harmonic electromagnetic torque are analyzed by the virtual displacement method. Theoretical analysis shows that both doubly skewed rotor induction motor without middle ring (DSRIMWOMR) and doubly skewed rotor induction motor with middle ring (DSRIMWMR) can efficiently reduce the harmonic torque. The reduction of harmonic torque can improve the starting torque and reduce the torque ripple. The validity of the analytical method was verified by a large number of three dimensional (3-D) finite element simulations. Results of 3-D finite element analysis (FEA) indicated that both DSRIMWOMR and DSRIMWMR can improve starting torque compared with the conventional skewed rotor induction motor. Furthermore, the optimal skew width for improving the starting torque and reducing torque ripple was ascertained according to different 3-D finite element simulations.
A fuzzy position controller for linear switched reluctance motor
Authors: Pan J.F. , Li Qianlong , Qiu Li , Cheung Norbert , Wu Xiaoyu , Zhang Bo
Published: September 2017

A fuzzy position controller is employed for the linear switched reluctance motor. Performance comparison between the fuzzy controller and a proportional-differential (PD) controller is carried out. Under the PD controller, the absolute steady-state error is 44.5 [Formula: see text] 211.5 [Formula: see text]m under normal condition and 1157–1212 [Formula: see text]m under sustained time-variant disturbance circumstance, respectively. The absolute steady-state error of 3 [Formula: see text]m and 9 [Formula: see text]m can be achieved under the fuzzy controller in the normal and sustained disturbed circumstance. Experimental results demonstrate that the position tracking performance from the proposed algorithm is superior to the conventional PD control strategy, both in normal circumstance and disturbance environment.
Big data analytics methodologies applied at energy management in industrial sector: A case study
Authors: Bevilacqua Maurizio , Ciarapica Filippo Emanuele , Diamantini Claudia , Potena Domenico
Published: September 2017

In this work, a framework is developed to integrate IoT-based energy management and company’s existing information systems. This framework is a multi-layer model that includes three layers: 1) data collection layer, 2) data management layer and 3) data analytics layer. In order to test the proposed approach and assess its impact on improving energy efficiency, a pilot study was carried out in an Italian manufacturing company. Several smart meters have been installed at machine level to collect energy consumption data in real time, and then this data have been analyzed and provided to decision makers to improve energy efficiency by integrating them in production management decisions. When a company aims at analyzing the energy characteristics of its production system, data provided by different sources and geographically dispersed repositories must be taken into consideration. These characteristics bring several problems to develop a data analytic architecture. In this paper, we propose a data analytic model for IoT, in order to integrate the data collected from different sources and to improve energy-aware decision-making. Improving the overall equipment effectiveness of machine tools will improve resource-efficiency and productivity in manufacturing and support the development of smart factories from an energy point of view.
Innovative Disease Model: Zebrafish as an In Vivo Platform for Intestinal Disorder and Tumors
Authors: Lu Jeng-Wei , Ho Yi-Jung , Ciou Shih-Ci , Gong Zhiyuan
Published: September 2017

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the world’s most common cancers and is the second leading cause of cancer deaths, causing more than 50,000 estimated deaths each year. Several risk factors are highly associated with CRC, including being overweight, eating a diet high in red meat and over-processed meat, having a history of inflammatory bowel disease, and smoking. Previous zebrafish studies have demonstrated that multiple oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes can be regulated through genetic or epigenetic alterations. Zebrafish research has also revealed that the activation of carcinogenesis-associated signal pathways plays an important role in CRC. The biology of cancer, intestinal disorders caused by carcinogens, and the morphological patterns of tumors have been found to be highly similar between zebrafish and humans. Therefore, the zebrafish has become an important animal model for translational medical research. Several zebrafish models have been developed to elucidate the characteristics of gastrointestinal diseases. This review article focuses on zebrafish models that have been used to study human intestinal disorders and tumors, including models involving mutant and transgenic fish. We also report on xenograft models and chemically-induced enterocolitis. This review demonstrates that excellent zebrafish models can provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal diseases and help facilitate the evaluation of novel anti-tumor drugs.
The Relationship between Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Global Temperature for the Last 425 Million Years
Authors: Davis W.
Published: September 2017

Assessing human impacts on climate and biodiversity requires an understanding of the relationship between the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the Earth’s atmosphere and global temperature (T). Here I explore this relationship empirically using comprehensive, recently-compiled databases of stable-isotope proxies from the Phanerozoic Eon (~540 to 0 years before the present) and through complementary modeling using the atmospheric absorption/transmittance code MODTRAN. Atmospheric CO2 concentration is correlated weakly but negatively with linearly-detrended T proxies over the last 425 million years. Of 68 correlation coefficients (half non-parametric) between CO2 and T proxies encompassing all known major Phanerozoic climate transitions, 77.9% are non-discernible (p > 0.05) and 60.0% of discernible correlations are negative. Marginal radiative forcing (ΔRFCO2), the change in forcing at the top of the troposphere associated with a unit increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration, was computed using MODTRAN. The correlation between ΔRFCO2 and linearly-detrended T across the Phanerozoic Eon is positive and discernible, but only 2.6% of variance in T is attributable to variance in ΔRFCO2. Of 68 correlation coefficients (half non-parametric) between ΔRFCO2 and T proxies encompassing all known major Phanerozoic climate transitions, 75.0% are non-discernible and 41.2% of discernible correlations are negative. Spectral analysis, auto- and cross-correlation show that proxies for T, atmospheric CO2 concentration and ΔRFCO2 oscillate across the Phanerozoic, and cycles of CO2 and ΔRFCO2 are antiphasic. A prominent 15 million-year CO2 cycle coincides closely with identified mass extinctions of the past, suggesting a pressing need for research on the relationship between CO2, biodiversity extinction, and related carbon policies. This study demonstrates that changes in atmospheric CO2 concentration did not cause temperature change in the ancient climate.
Solvent-Dependent Thermoelectric Properties of PTB7 and Effect of 1,8-Diiodooctane Additive
Authors: Rastegaralam Mina , Lee Changhee , Dettlaff-Weglikowska Urszula
Published: September 2017

Conjugated polymers are considered for application in thermoelectric energy conversion due to their low thermal conductivity, low weight, non-toxicity, and ease of fabrication, which promises low manufacturing costs. Here, an investigation of the thermoelectric properties of poly({4,8-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo [1,2-b:4,5-b′] dithiophene-2,6-diyl}{3-fluoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl) carbonyl]thieno[3,4-b] thiophenediyl}), commonly known as PTB7 conjugated polymer, is reported. Samples were prepared from solutions of PTB7 in three different solvents: chlorobenzene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, with and without 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) additive. In order to characterize their thermoelectric properties, the electrical conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient were measured. We found that, by increasing the boiling point of the solvent, both the electrical conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient of the PTB7 samples were simultaneously improved. We believe that the increase in mobility is responsible for solvent-dependent thermoelectric properties of the PTB7 samples. However, the addition of DIO changes the observed trend. Only the sample prepared from 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene showed a higher electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient and, as a consequence, improved power factor in comparison to the samples prepared from chlorobenzene and 1,2-dichlorobenzene.
Satellite Soil Moisture Validation Using Hydrological SWAT Model: A Case Study of Puerto Rico, USA
Authors: Nilawar Aditya , Calderella Cassandra , Lakhankar Tarendra , Waikar Milind , Munoz Jonathan
Published: September 2017

Soil moisture is placed at the interface between land and atmosphere which influences water and energy flux. However, soil moisture information has a significant importance in hydrological modelling and environmental processes. Recent advances in acquiring soil moisture from the satellite and its effective utilization provide an alternative to the conventional soil moisture methods. In this study, an attempt is made to apply physically based, distributed-parameter, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to validate Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR2) soil moisture in parts of Puerto Rico. For this, calibration is performed for the years 2010 to 2012 with known observed discharge sites, Rio Gunajibo and Rio Grande de Anasco in Puerto Rico and validation, with the observed stream flow for the year 2013 using the AMSR2 soil moisture. Moreover, the SWAT and AMSR2 soil moisture outcome are compared on a monthly basis. The model capability and performance in simulating the stream flow are evaluated utilizing the statistical method. The results indicated a negligible difference in SWAT soil moisture and AMSR2 soil moisture for stream flow estimation. Finally, the model retrievals show a satisfactory agreement between observed and simulated streamflow.
The Spatiotemporal Trend of City Parks in Mainland China between 1981 and 2014: Implications for the Promotion of Leisure Time Physical Activity and Planning
Authors: Wang Kai , Liu Jianjun
Published: September 2017

City parks, important environments built for physical activity, play critical roles in preventing chronic diseases and promoting public health. We used five commonly used park indicators to investigate the spatiotemporal trend of city parks in mainland China between 1981 and 2014 at three scales: national, provincial and city class. City parks in China increased significantly with a turning point occurring around the year 2000. Up until the end of 2014, there were 13,074 city parks totaling 367,962 ha with 0.29 parks per 10,000 residents, 8.26 m2 of park per capita and 2.00% of parkland as a percentage of urban area. However, there is still a large gap compared to the established American and Japanese city park systems, and only 5.4% of people aged above 20 access city parks for physical activity. The low number of parks per 10,000 residents brings up the issue of the accessibility to physical activity areas that public parks provide. The concern of spatial disparity, also apparent for all five city park indicators, differed strongly at provincial and city class scales. The southern and eastern coastal provinces of Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang and Shandong have abundant city park resources. At the scale of the city classes, mega-city II had the highest of the three ratio indicators and the large city class had the lowest. On one hand, the leading province Guangdong and its mega-cities Shenzhen and Dongguan had park indicators comparable to the United States and Japan. On the other hand, there were still five cities with no city parks and many cities with extremely low park indicators. In China, few cities have realized the importance of city parks for the promotion of leisure time physical activity. It is urgent that state and city park laws or guidelines are passed that can serve as baselines for planning a park system and determining a minimum standard for city parks with free, accessible and safe physical activity areas and sports facilities.
Antibiotic Self-Medication among Non-Medical University Students in Punjab, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Gillani Ali , Ji Wenjing , Hussain Waqar , Imran Ali , Chang Jie , Yang Caijun , Fang Yu
Published: September 2017

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a global threat. Scarce knowledge about safe and appropriate antibiotic use is coupled with frequent self-administration, e.g., in China. This repeated self-medication poses potential risk in terms of antibiotic resistance. Low-resource countries are facing an elevated burden of antibiotic self-medication as compared to developed ones. Thus, this study focused on evaluating the pervasiveness of antibiotic self-medication in 3 universities of Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional survey in three government sector universities of Southern Punjab, Pakistan. The study was carried out with self-administered paper-based questionnaires. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 18.0 (IBM, Chicago, IL, USA). Results: Seven hundred twenty-seven students out of 750 (response rate 97%) with a mean age ± SD of 23.0 ± 3.4 years agreed to participate in the study. The proportion of females was slightly greater (52%) compared with males (48%), and almost one-third of the respondents (36%) were in their 2nd year of university. Out of the total, 58.3% practiced self-medication in the preceding six months, and 326 (45%) confirmed the use of antibiotics. Metronidazole was the most frequently self-medicated antibiotic (48%). Out of the total, 72% demonstrated awareness regarding the side effects of antibiotics. Diarrhea was the well-known adverse effect (38%). Forty-three percent affirmed having antibiotic resistance knowledge, and 30% knew that the irregular use of antibiotics would lead to increased antibiotic resistance. Conclusion: Despite having ample awareness of the adverse antibiotic reactions, self-medication among the university students was high and antibiotic resistance was a fairly unknown term.
Interaction between Social/Psychosocial Factors and Genetic Variants on Body Mass Index: A Gene-Environment Interaction Analysis in a Longitudinal Setting
Authors: Zhao Wei , Ware Erin , He Zihuai , Kardia Sharon , Faul Jessica , Smith Jennifer
Published: September 2017

Obesity, which develops over time, is one of the leading causes of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease. However, hundreds of BMI (body mass index)-associated genetic loci identified through large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) only explain about 2.7% of BMI variation. Most common human traits are believed to be influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Past studies suggest a variety of environmental features that are associated with obesity, including socioeconomic status and psychosocial factors. This study combines both gene/regions and environmental factors to explore whether social/psychosocial factors (childhood and adult socioeconomic status, social support, anger, chronic burden, stressful life events, and depressive symptoms) modify the effect of sets of genetic variants on BMI in European American and African American participants in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). In order to incorporate longitudinal phenotype data collected in the HRS and investigate entire sets of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within gene/region simultaneously, we applied a novel set-based test for gene-environment interaction in longitudinal studies (LGEWIS). Childhood socioeconomic status (parental education) was found to modify the genetic effect in the gene/region around SNP rs9540493 on BMI in European Americans in the HRS. The most significant SNP (rs9540488) by childhood socioeconomic status interaction within the rs9540493 gene/region was suggestively replicated in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) (p = 0.07).
Cadmium and Cadmium/Zinc Ratios and Tobacco-Related Morbidities
Authors: Richter Patricia , Faroon Obaid , Pappas R. Steven
Published: September 2017

Metals are one of five major categories of carcinogenic or toxic constituents in tobacco and tobacco smoke. Cadmium is highly volatile and a higher percentage of the total tobacco cadmium content is efficiently transferred to mainstream tobacco smoke than many other toxic metals in tobacco. Inhaled cadmium bioaccumulates in the lungs and is distributed beyond the lungs to other tissues, with a total body biological half-life of one to two decades. Chronic cadmium exposure through tobacco use elevates blood and urine cadmium concentrations. Cadmium is a carcinogen, and an inducer of proinflammatory immune responses. Elevated exposure to cadmium is associated with reduced pulmonary function, obstructive lung disease, bronchogenic carcinoma, cardiovascular diseases including myocardial infarction, peripheral arterial disease, prostate cancer, cervical cancer, pancreatic cancer, and various oral pathologies. Cadmium and zinc have a toxicologically inverse relationship. Zinc is an essential element and is reportedly antagonistic to some manifestations of cadmium toxicity. This review summarizes associations between blood, urine, and tissue cadmium concentrations with emphasis on cadmium exposure due to tobacco use and several disease states. Available data about zinc and cadmium/zinc ratios and tobacco-related diseases is summarized from studies reporting smoking status. Collectively, data suggest that blood, urine, and tissue cadmium and cadmium/zinc ratios are often significantly different between smokers and nonsmokers and they are also different in smokers for several diseases and cancers. Additional biomonitoring data such as blood or serum and urine zinc and cadmium levels and cadmium/zinc ratios in smokers may provide further insight into the development and progression of diseases of the lung, cardiovascular system, and possibly other organs.