bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plantas americanas enviadas al Jardín Botánico de Madrid a mediados del siglo XVIII. Cuadros sinópticos
Authors: Del Campo Serrano M.ª Isabel
Published: October 2020

El Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid, creado en 1775 por orden de Fernando VI en el Soto de Migas Calientes y posteriormente (1781) trasladado a su actual ubicación del Prado, fue el centro de operaciones que coordinó todo el proceso exploratorio a América. Uno de los principales responsables fue Casimiro Gómez Ortega. Como consecuencia, a él se destinaron (junto al Jardín de Aranjuez) gran parte de las plantas que llegaban de América para su análisis y observación. Este estudio refleja el papel tan importante que desempeñó el Jardín concretamente en la época en que Casimiro Gómez Ortega fue el primer profesor. Se enviaron correspondientes a diferentes partes de América para realizar el estudio de la flora, y también se mantuvo correspondencia con particulares que tenían interés por el conocimiento de la flora americana, con la intención de que colaborasen todos al envío de plantas de aplicación agronómica, ornamental o medicinal para su posterior comercialización y difusión en España.
Antropología, racismo e inmigración en la Sociedad Económica de Amigos del País de La Habana
Authors: García González Armando C. , Naranjo Orovio Consuelo
Published: October 2020

El despegue azucarero de finales del siglo XVIII en Cuba planteó la necesidad de importar abundante mano de obra y a costos reducidos para trabajar en la agricultura. Hacendados y comerciantes expresaron y defendieron sus intereses a través de las instituciones creadas por ellos mismos, la Sociedad Económica de Amigos del País y el Real Consulado de Agricultura, Industria y Comercio de La Habana. Dichas instituciones fueron escenario del debate abierto en torno al tipo de población que beneficiaría más al país desde un punto de vista económico, cultural y étnico, en el que las posturas fueron variando según cambiaron las condiciones económicas de la isla.
Comment les élèves catégorisent leurs cours/enseignants. Étude des catégories opératives dans une classe de quatrième de l’enseignement agricole
Authors: Veyrac Hélène , Murillo Audrey , Blanc Julie , Sahuc Philippe
Published: October 2020

Cette recherche exploratoire utilise un outil inédit, issu de l’analyse de l’activité, qui consiste à demander individuellement à des élèves de catégoriser leurs différents cours : l’ensemble des élèves d’une classe de quatrième de l’enseignement agricole a produit des catégories de cours/enseignants, selon leurs propres critères, à quatre moments de l’année. Elle participe ainsi à rendre intelligible la perception que les élèves ont de leur environnement scolaire. Les premiers résultats amènent à considérer que pour les élèves, les cours sont associés à l’enseignant qui les assure. L’objet « cours/enseignant » apparait. Les résultats montrent une évolution de la perception des cours/enseignants au fil des mois : une perception d’abord centrée sur la matière, puis sur l’activité (règle de vie de classe, activités de l’élève) et enfin sur les effets sur l’élève (en termes d’attirance/rejet). Les catégories relatives à la réussite scolaire et à l’efficacité des enseignants sont relativement faibles. Une analyse plus qualitative est menée sur les catégories produites par certains élèves : des rationalités apparaissent ainsi que des traces de développement, ouvrant de nouvelles perspectives de recherche en lien avec l’étude des catégorisations.
Digital Transformation in Banks of Different Sizes
Authors: Czerwińska Teresa , Głogowski Adam , Gromek Tomasz , Pisany Paweł
Published: October 2020

Technological advances in data transmission and processing are an important structural factor influencing the banking sector. As they have an important impact on the cost base of banks and are characterized by large one-off costs, it is argued that investments in digital technologies enhance the positive returns to scale in the banking system. This in turn further improves the competitive position of the largest market players, creating a positive feedback loop. In the longer run, this leads to a polarization of the banking sector, between large universal banks and small specialized banks. These processes are important from the point of view of macroprudential policy, notably in the dimension of reducing the risks connected with the emergence of “too big to fail” institutions. The chapter illustrates these issues using the results of a survey on the investments of banks in digital transformation in Poland, focusing on the relationships between market structure, financial position, and investments in digital technologies.
Understanding Social Media Addiction Through Personal, Social, and Situational Factors
Authors: Kirezli Ozge , Aydin Asli Elif
Published: October 2020

The main objective of this chapter is to gain an in-depth understanding of the social media addiction construct. For this purpose, prior studies on social media addiction are reviewed. Based on this review the influence of several personal, social, and situational factors on social media addiction are examined. Firstly, personal factors such as demographic characteristics, personality traits, self-esteem, well-being, loneliness, anxiety, and depression are studied for their impact on social media addiction. Next, the social correlates and consequents of social media addiction are identified, namely need for affiliation, subjective norms, personal, professional, and academic life. Lastly, situational factors like amount of social media use and motives of use are inspected. Following the review of literature an empirical study is made to analyze factors that discriminate addicted social media users from non-addicted social media users on the basis of these different factors.
Automated Fruit Grading System Using Image Fusion
Authors: Janu Neha , Kumar Ankit
Published: October 2020

This work proposed a recognition system capable of identifying an Indian fruit from among a set, established in a database, using computer vision techniques. The investigation made it possible to compare the image color models, together with the size and shape characteristics previously used by different researcher. For the class of fruits defined in this investigation, it was determined that the characteristics that best described them were the average values of the RGB channels and the length of the major and minor axes when the image fusion technique is used, a process that allowed obtaining results with an accuracy equal to 92% in the tests carried out, finding that not always selecting a greater number of variables to form the descriptor vector allows the classifiers to deliver a more accurate response. In this sense it is important to consider that among the study variables a low dependency or correlation value.
Wear and Fatigue Behavior of PVD and MTCVD TiCN Coated Cemented Carbide Inserts in Turning Cast Iron
Authors: Skordaris G. , Bouzakis Konstantinos Dionysios , Stergioudi Fani , Kouparanis Stefanos , Boumpakis Apostolos , Bouzakis Antonios
Published: October 2020

TiCN coatings of the same chemical compositions were deposited on HW/K05-K20 cemented carbide inserts via physical (PVD) and medium temperature chemical vapor deposition (MTCVD) techniques. Nano-indentations coupled with appropriate FEM simulations were used for characterizing the film and substrate mechanical properties. Furthermore, uncoated cemented carbide substrates were annealed in vacuum at temperatures and durations corresponding to the related ones during the PVD and MTCVD process for recording the effect of the deposition temperature and duration on the substrate strength properties. Perpendicular and inclined impact tests at various loads were performed for checking the coating fatigue endurance and adhesion respectively. These material data were considered in FEM supported calculations for predicting the developed stress fields in the cutting edge during turning cast iron GG30 using the PVD and MTCVD TiCN coated inserts. According to the obtained result, both coatings possess the same stress-strain properties. Hereupon, the MTCVD coatings are characterized comparably to PVD ones by improved fatigue properties and adhesion strength. Although these properties contribute to an increased tool life in finishing turning, the significant reduction of the substrate strength properties, due to the elevated temperature during the MTCVD process, results in a premature coating failure and a consequent intensive wear evolution in roughing.
PVD Coated Tools and Surface-Structured Workpieces in Dry Cold Forming of Steel
Authors: Bobzin Kirsten , Brögelmann Tobias , Kruppe Nathan Christopher , Bergs Thomas , Mattfeld Patrick , Trauth Daniel , Hild Rafael , Hoffmann Dennis Christopher
Published: October 2020

Cold forming, particularly forward impact extrusion, is used for mass production of steel components. To ensure robust forming processes, the workpieces are usually phosphated and then soaped as well as mineral oil-based lubricants are used. As these lubricants are often harmful to the environment and health, alternative approaches are to be investigated from an ecological, economic and legislative perspective. To achieve dry, lubricant-free cold forming of steel, two approaches are being pursued here. The tool-sided approach focuses on self-lubricating hard coatings, which are deposited on the forming tools by means of physical vapor deposition (PVD). The developed coating system CrAlN+Mo:S is synthesized in an industrial coating unit by a hybrid sputtering process, which combines direct current (DC) and high power pulsed magnetron sputtering (HPPMS) technology. The coating consists of a hard matrix CrAlN which is modified by Mo and S to provide friction reduction due to the in situ formation of MoS2 reaction layers under tribological load. The workpiece-sided approach focuses on the surface structuring by shot peening with various peening materials and particle shapes. In order to evaluate the influence of the self-lubricating tool coating CrAlN+Mo:S and the various workpiece topographies, dry full forward impact extrusion tests were carried out in an industrial scale with coated and uncoated tools. On the one hand, a one-shouldered die geometry and on the other hand a two-shouldered die geometry were tested. The field trials reveal that for both die geometries, the tool coating significantly reduces the punch force and the wear compared to the uncoated dies. Depending on the workpiece topography, it was shown that a smoother surface leads to reduced adhesive wear. Furthermore, it was proven that the dies with an opening diameter of D = 31.4 mm and an outlet diameter of d = 20.7 mm could be coated continuously over a length of l = 50 mm on the entire inner surface. After the dry field trials, the CrAlN+Mo:S coating remained completely intact. Hence, the developed coating system CrAlN+Mo:S exhibits great potential to conduct dry, lubricant-free cold forming of steel at industrial scale.
Possibility of Using Microwave Radiation for Rehabilitation of Historical Masonry Constructions
Authors: Kvapilová Vendula , Šuhajda Karel
Published: October 2020

In the last years, there has been a growing demand for renovations and redevelopment of older buildings that do not meet today's building standards. A very common problem is the insufficient, damaged or completely missing waterproofing of buildings, which leads to water (or moisture) penetration into the structure of the building, but there are several possibilities to disseminate moisture into structures. Many rehabilitation methods require mechanical intervention into the structure of the building, but we mustn’t forget the structures where these procedures cannot be used, specifically objects with a rich historical value, that are protected by the National Heritage Institute.This article is focused on suitability, functionality and possibilities of using a non-destructive method of drying historic masonry with microwave radiation. First the method of microwave drying is described in general, then its use in construction practice is explained. Following is a description of the experimental work carried out at the Faculty of Civil Engineering. Outcome of this work is comparison of effects of microwave drying on samples of masonry containing three different types of building materials. One of these samples is made of brick construction, which has reached the age of 350 years. At the end, the results of the experiment and the consequent suggested recommendations are summarized.
Reliability Analysis of St. Barbara’s Church in Otovice
Authors: Mahato Chandrashekhar , Kuklík Pavel
Published: October 2020

The Churches of the Broumov region are well known for their unique baroque architecture, distinct shapes, sizes, and constitutes an integral part of the Czech cultural heritage. The St. Barbara’s Church that has been studied in this article, is in the Otovice village of Broumov. It was built in the year 1726 by Bavarian architects Christoph Dientzenhofer and Kilian Ignaz and is significant because of its religious, artistic and historic values. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the structural safety and stability of St. Barbara’s Church based on a probabilistic approach. A deterministic assessment of the structure is carried out and the results are assessed concerning the present site condition. Depending upon the observed damages, a condition for failure is defined for the structure. The uncertainties in the material parameters are considered and reliability analysis is performed to determine the reliability index, probability of failure and influence of different material parameters in the structural stability.
The Curing of Concrete Samples with Water - Experimental Verification of the Concrete Properties
Authors: Ďubek Marek , Bederka Marián , Makýš Peter
Published: October 2020

The process of producing a monolithic concrete structure on site is constructed out under different climatic conditions, which can often be unsuitable for setting and hardening of concrete. The necessary conditions for setting and hardening of concrete are ensured by various ways of its curing. In practice, concrete curing is carried out in most cases by water spraying. It is used mostly in reinforced concrete ceiling slabs, which are further discussed in the work. A common procedure is to cure the upper surface of reinforced concrete ceiling slabs. This work therefore deals with the effect of curing of a reinforced concrete slab, on its strength properties. Long-term curing would yield higher values of compressive strength, but it is also necessary to consider how effective it is. As a pilot research in this work is investigating the properties of concrete cubes in various curing. It further develops theoretical possibilities for continuing research.
Impact of Surface Treatment of Historic Bricks on the Process of Water Vapours Diffusion
Authors: Balík Lukáš , Kudrnáčová Lucie , Nenadálová Šárka , Kostelecká Michaela
Published: October 2020

The article is dealing with impact of selected types of surface finish of historic bricks on their diffusion properties, i.e. on the process of their spontaneous self-drying. Within the pilot experiment was monitored diffusion flow of water vapours going from humid brick fragment through its surface finish to the surrounding environment. Brick fragment was saturated with water to a degree usually corresponding to common humidity of uninsulated underground brickwork of historic buildings. Surrounding environment had parameters of common heated object for residential or administrative purpose or an object for storage of things sensitive to impact of high relative air humidity. Test results proved that any surface finish of the brickwork, even its
hydropohobisation
is significantly slowing down process of drying of the masonry compared to the speed of drying of the untreated brickwork. It is evident from the course of lines of diffusion flows that the process of water vapours diffusion is most intense at the beginning of the period (about 5 to 10 days) and after this period the diffusion flow speed goes to a long-term stabilisation of diffusion flow speed, in such a way that its course is in average corresponding to linear functional dependence on time. In conclusion of the article we introduce on practical example calculation of real time of drying up of the masonry in historic building selected space flooded with flood water where is now running process of natural drying without additional humidity sources.
A Multicentre, Multinational, Open-Label, 52-Week Extension Study of Gemigliptin (LC15-0444) Monotherapy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Yang Sae Jeong , Min Kyung Wan , Gupta Sandeep Kumar , Park Joong Yeol , K.Shivane Vyankatesh , Agarwal Pankaj Kumar , Kim Doo Man , Kim Yong Esong , Baik Sei Hyun
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this extension study was to assess the long-term efficacy and safety of gemigliptin 50 mg in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients with T2DM who had completed the initial 24-week study comparing gemigliptin monotherapy with placebo were eligible to enrol. In the open-label, 28-week extension study, all enrolled patients received gemigliptin, regardless of the treatment received during the initial 24-week study period. The mean reduction±standard deviation (SD) in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) observed after 24 weeks of treatment (–0.6%±1.1%) was further decreased for the gemi-gemi group and the mean change in HbA1c at week 52 from baseline was –0.9%±1.2% (P<0.0001). For the pbo-gemi group, HbA1c decreased after they were switched to gemigliptin, and the mean change in HbA1c at week 52 from baseline was –0.7%±1.2% (P<0.0001). Furthermore, the overall incidence of adverse events demonstrated that gemigliptin was safe and well tolerated up to 52 weeks.
A cadaveric anatomical study on anterior communicating artery aneurysm surgery by extended endoscopic endonasal approach
Authors: Sharma Anil , Sharma Dhyanesh
Published: October 2020

Background: The use of minimally invasive approaches in the management of cerebral aneurysms continues to evolve and a purely endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) for cerebral aneurysm has its own advantages. The purpose of the present study is to perform a detailed anatomical dissection study to test the usefulness of the extended EEAs for selected anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysm. Materials and Methods: Nine human cadaveric heads were used for this study, and all dissections were performed through the endonasal corridor. Endoscopic endonasal surgical dissections were carried out, and surgery was simulated in all specimens to reach the ACoA region. The ACoA complex, its neural and osseous relations, degree of vascular exposure, and the ability to perform clip placement were observed and analyzed. Results: The transplanum and transtuberculum approaches exposed the A1 and A2 segments of the anterior cerebral artery and the ACoA in all specimens. This route allowed clip ligation of the distal A1 branches, ACoA and proximal A2 branches to the level of the pericallosal segment. Proximal and distal control was most readily achievable at the level of the ACoA complex. Conclusion: The present cadaveric study on nine specimens with bilateral dissection has demonstrated that the endonasal transplanum transtuberculum approach to the ACoA region provides excellent visualization of the vasculature. When selected prudently, such lesions may be favorable targets for an extended endoscopic endonasal (EEA) in comparison to transcranial approaches that may provide a suboptimal exposure.
Abrupt cessation of atrial fibrillation in a neurosurgical patient: Does positioning matter?
Authors: Joys Steve , Mahajan Shalvi , Chauhan Rajeev , Kumar Sanjay
Published: October 2020

Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been associated with cancer. However, the literature regarding the occurrence of AF in patients with brain tumors is limited. Neuroanatomic connections between the brain and the heart may affect heart rate and rhythm. We discuss a case of transient AF in a 64-year-old female who was operated for a right-sided sphenoid wing meningioma. The AF might have been related to the positioning of the head and neck of the patient, in whom the intracranial compliance was reduced due to the brain tumor.
Anterior communicating artery aneurysm clipping: Experience at a tertiary care center with respect to intraoperative rupture
Authors: Singh Ramit , Prasad Ravi , Singh Rahul
Published: October 2020

Context: The incidence of anterior communicating artery (Acomm) aneurysm is high and it is associated with high risk of rupture. Aims: The aim is to evaluate various factors (size, wall morphology, and fundus direction) associated with intraoperative rupture (IOR) of Acomm aneurysm. Settings and Design: Retrospective cohort study. Subjects and Methods: Our study includes 25 operated patients diagnosed to have ruptured Acomm aneurysm in the Department of Neurosurgery of Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India, between January 2016 and July 2020. Our study included all patients with ruptured Acomm aneurysm who received clipping as method of treatment. Statistical Analysis: Chi-square test was used for analysis. Values with P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Statistical tests were done using GraphPad Prism version 8.3.0 software. Results: None of the patients with <4 mm, 6 patients of >4–10 mm, and 2 patients of >10 mm aneurysm size experienced IOR. IOR was seen in 2 patients with smooth wall and 6 in irregular aneurysm wall. All patients with posterior, 1 patient with inferior, 2 patients with anterior, and 1 patient with superior directing aneurysm experienced IOR. Patients with bilaterally clipped A1 experienced no IOR, while in unilaterally clipped aneurysm only 2 patients experienced IOR. Glasgow outcome score was better in patients with no IOR. Conclusion: The factors associated with high risk of IOR are: Aneurysm size >4 mm, multilobulated or irregular aneurysm wall, posteriorly and inferiorly directed aneurysms. Patients in whom Both A1 was temporarily clipped, experienced no IOR and better outcome.
Spontaneous spinal osseous epidural arteriovenous fistula with long segments of prominent epidural venous drainage causing severe compressive thoracic myelopathy successfully treated with combined endovascular and surgical treatments: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Iampreechakul Prasert , Tirakotai Wuttipong , Lertbutsayanukul Punjama , Thammachantha Samasuk , Siriwimonmas Somkiet
Published: October 2020

The authors describe an extremely rare case of spinal osseous epidural arteriovenous fistulas (SOEAVFs) with unique characteristic features. A 25-year-old man presented with progressive weakness and paresthesia of the lower extremities for 1 month. Magnetic resonance imaging of the thoracic spine showed an extradural dilated vascular flow void structure extending from T4 to T8 levels with abnormal hyperintense T2 signal from T6 to T8 levels. Magnetic resonance angiography and spinal angiography revealed unique features of SOEAVF supplied by multiple small arterial feeders of intercostal arteries converging into a dilated round venous sac corresponding to a bony defect of T7 lamina and spinous process. The venous drainage directly drained into prominent epidural venous plexus extending from the level of T4 to T8 without intradural venous drainage, causing severe compressive myelopathy. Transarterial embolization was performed using N-butyl cyanoacrylate through the main feeder. Subsequently, he successfully underwent laminectomy and total excision of the fistula and large epidural draining venous plexus. Histopathology confirmed spinal vascular malformations with evidence of previous embolization. He gradually improved until being ability to walk independently 3 months later. Follow-up spinal angiography confirmed complete resection of SOEAVF. The patient has remained clinically asymptomatic 5 years after operation.
Randomized controlled trial of trehalose
Authors: Morya Arvind Kumar , Solanki Kanchan , Prakash Sujeet , Samota Monika , Gupta Arushi
Published: October 2020

PURPOSE:

To compare the therapeutic effect of sodium hyaluronate (SH)–trehalose (Trehalube, Microlabs, Bangalore, India, SH 0.1% and trehalose 3%) or SH (0.1% Hylotears, Raymed, Chandigarh, India) alone in patients with dry eye disease (DED).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Patients were randomized into two groups: SH-trehalose (SH 0.1% and trehalose 3%) or SH (0.1% Hylotears) alone. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire was used to assess patient's symptoms. Patients were followed up at 4 and 8 weeks, and OSDI score, tear film break-up time (TBUT), tear film height (TFH), Schirmer's test, and conjunctival staining were evaluated at each visit.

RESULTS:

A total of 384 patients were included in the study, 192 patients in each arm. The mean age of participants was 37.62 + 14.4 years and 225 were women (56%). The improvement in Schirmer's test was significantly better in the SH-trehalose group at 8 weeks (5.26 + 4.3 mm, 95% confidence interval = 4.6–5.9 mm) compared to the SH group (3.71 + 3.9, 95% confidence interval = 3.15–4.28 mm). The TBUT and TFH showed slight improvement at 4 weeks in both groups, but not at 8 weeks. There were no group differences at all-time points in terms of conjunctival staining and OSDI-based grades of DED.

CONCLUSION:

It was found that treating dry eye with SH-trehalose leads to greater improvement in the Schirmer's values and TBUT after 8 weeks of sustained use in patients with DED, and this was more pronounced in those with severe DED.
The polynomial endomorphisms of graph algebras
Authors: Johansen Rune , Sørensen Adam P. W. , Szymański Wojciech
Published: October 2020

We investigate polynomial endomorphisms of graph

C^*

-algebras and Leavitt path algebras. To this end, we define and analyze the coding graph corresponding to each such an endomorphism. We find an if and only if condition for the endomorphism to restrict to an automorphism of the diagonal MASA, which is stated in terms of synchronization of a certain labelling on the coding graph. We show that the dynamics induced this way on the space of infinite paths (the spectrum of the MASA) is generated by an asynchronous transducer.
The intertwiner spaces of non-easy group-theoretical quantum groups
Authors: Maaßen Laura
Published: October 2020

In 2015, Raum and Weber gave a definition of group-theoretical quantum groups, a class of compact matrix quantum groups with a certain presentation as semi-direct product quantum groups, and studied the case of easy quantum groups. In this article we determine the intertwiner spaces of non-easy group-theoretical quantum groups. We generalise group-theoretical categories of partitions and use a fiber functor to map partitions to linear maps which is slightly different from the one for easy quantum groups.We show that this construction provides the intertwiner spaces of group-theoretical quantum groups in general.
On essential self-adjointness for first order differential operators on domains in $\mathbb R^d$
Authors: Nenciu Gheorghe , Nenciu Irina
Published: October 2020

We consider general symmetric systems of first order linear partial differential operators on domains

\Omega \subset \mathbb R^d

, and we seek sufficient conditions on the coefficients which ensure essential self-adjointness. The coefficients of the first order terms are only required to belong to

C^1 (\Omega)

and there is no ellipticity condition. Our criterion writes as the completeness of an associated Riemannian structure which encodes the propagation velocities of the system. As an application we obtain sufficient conditions for confinement of energy for certain wave propagation problems of classical physics.
A Hennings type invariant of 3-manifolds from a topological Hopf superalgebra
Authors: Ha Ngoc Phu
Published: October 2020

We prove the unrolled superalgebra

\mathcal{U}_{\xi}^{H}\mathfrak{sl}(2|1)

has a completion which is a ribbon Hopf superalgebra in a topological sense where

\xi

is a root of unity of odd order. Using this ribbon Hopf superalgebra we construct its universal invariant of links. We use it to construct an invariant of 3-manifolds endowed with a first cohomology class of Hennings type.
Ocena użyteczności metody jakościowej szacowania popytu na przewozy ładunków żeglugą śródlądową na zapleczu portów morskich
Authors: Filina-Dawidowicz Ludmiła , Kotowska Izabela , Mańkowska Marta , Pluciński Przemysław
Published: October 2020

Usability evaluation of the qualitative method of estimating the demand for inland shipping serving the seaport hinterland Known methods of forecasting the demand for goods transport are based on given time series, which are not always available. The article aims to assess the usefulness of the qualitative method of estimating the demand for cargo transport by inland waterways in seaports hinterland when historical data are unavailable. The assessed method consists of five stages and is based on a demand survey, which was carried out among cargo senders. The verification performed on the Oder Waterway example, analysing potential operations performed in inland shipping to/from seaports in Szczecin and Świnoujście, on the assumption that the Waterway has been modernized to navigability class III. Obtained research results allowed to determine the strengths and weaknesses of predicting using analysed qualitative method pointing to its usability and can be useful for seaports authorities, forwarders, transport companies and government institutions making decisions regarding the development of inland waterway infrastructure.
Global Corporate Accountability
Authors: Lambin Jean-Jacques
Published: October 2020

Global corporate accountability refers to the performance of a publicly traded company in non-financial areas such as social responsibility, sustainability and environmental performance. The emergence of global civil regulation is rooted in the perception that economic globalization has created a structural imbalance between the size and power of global firms and markets and the capacity and/or willingness of governments to adequately regulate their corporate conduct. The objective of economic sustainability implies the development within the firm of a societal corporate accountability system, which will help the firm to manage its economic and societal responsibilities and to periodically report to its different stakeholders.
Intesa Sanpaolo Circular Economy Plafond: how to Support Companies’ Transformation
Authors: Monticelli Anna
Published: October 2020

The present development model, born with the industrial revolution, has been extremely successful in supporting growth, innovation, wealth for hundreds of years. But not for all the Countries and not for all the people, in an equal way. A new paradigm is envisaged to transform the development model through an economy that follows the same principles used by the Nature and that aims to reconnect business and society. A Circular Economy, regenerative by design and committed to design out waste and pollution, through innovation in materials, in production processes and moreover in business models, is a big opportunity for companies and financial institutions, if they transform the way they’re doing business. Intesa Sanpaolo is committed in re-thinking financial instruments and processes to support companies and accelerate a systemic transformation, within the limits of our Planet, focusing on thrive for all more than on growth for someone.
Perfil del consumidor digital y aceptación de oferta en pandemia
Authors: Alvarado-Morales Lía Melissa , Zambrano-Roldán Karen
Published: October 2020

En el presente artículo se analiza el perfil del consumidor digital y la aceptación de la oferta en la pandemia. Recíprocamente se recolecta información de diferentes fuentes, la mayoría corresponden a encuestas realizadas a ciudadanos de diferentes países y de acuerdo con estos datos, se evidencia que el consumidor durante la pandemia se ha integrado cada vez más a ámbitos digitales al hacer compras en línea a consecuencia del aislamiento que estamos llevando de esto conduce a nuevas necesidades y aparte es una forma más rápida y segura. También tenemos un cambio en la aceptación de la oferta donde ciertos productos se demandaron más que otros, como lo son la despensa, limpieza del hogar, levaduras de pan, pesas, etc.

Palabras Claves: pandemia, digital, oferta, aislamiento.
ACROSTALAGMUS APHIDUM OUD. AND APHID CONTROL
Authors: Nolla J. A. B.
Published: October 2020

1. A fungus, Acrostalagmus aphidum Oud., parasitizes aphids in Porto Rico. It had been reported as A. albus Preuss. 2. The size of the spores in the various natural strata is more or less uniform. 3. The size of the spores appears to be larger for those produced on the natural strata than those developing on oatmeal agar cultures. 4. There seems to be a wider range of length and width of spores on our form than on the A. aphidum Oud. described in Saccardo's "Sylloge Fungorum". 5. Some of the conidia become one-to several-septate prior to germination. 6. Conidia or head-like structures are produced on germinating spores. 7. Some young conidia germinate while still attached to the head or to the branch tips. 8. Spores germinate rapidly in sugar solutions. 9. Spores rapidly lose their germinating power when dried. 10. Experiments indicate a possible stimulating effect of aphid juices on germination and development of spores. There are probably variations in the degree of that influence, according to species. 11. The fungus grows best at reactions of pH 6.93 to 7.93. 12. So far as is known, Acrostalagmus aphidum attacks the aphids on 17 species of the higher plants. Of these 8 had been reported previously and the remaining 9 are new additions. Among these are important crop plants. 13. The aphids which may be parasitized comprise five different genera of which two are here first reported. Aphis pseudobrassicae is first here reported parasitized by the fungus. 14. The fungus does not parasitize the corn aphid under natural conditions. 15. The fungus has also been reported on the eggplant lace-bug, Corythaica monacha. 16. Acrostalagmus aphidum can be employed successfully and cheaply in the control of the aphids of the eggplant. The method will probably be effective in field control of the aphids of other vegetables. 17. The pathogene lives in greenhouse soil. No experiment proof is at hand which would demonstrate whether the fungus is eliminated by the application of fungicides used for the control of plant diseases.
Peran Serta Masyarakat Adat dalam Pengelolaan Hutan Konservasi melalui Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Berbasis pada Kearifan Lokal
Authors: Runggandini Caritas Woro Murdiati , APHA Journal Manager
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif dan penelitian empiris. Penelitian normatif dilaksanakan dengan mempelajari peraturan perundangan yang berkaitan dengan pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sumber daya hutan. Penelitian empiris difokuskan pada model pemberdayaan masyarakat adat sekitar hutan, dilaksanakan di Propinsi Bali, khususnya pemberdayaan masyarakat oleh Balai Taman Nasional Bali Barat (TNBB). Data sekunder dan data primer (temuan penelitian empiris) kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat adat sebagai masyarakat desa hutan sekitar TNBB telah memiliki kearifan lokal dalam berinteraksi dengan sumber daya hutan di sekitar mereka, yaitu dalam bentuk awig-awig (peraturan desa adat), juga didukung oleh kelembagaan adat yang masih kuat. Masyarakat tersebut juga mempunyai kemampuan untuk mengharmoniskan antara upaya untuk melindungi sumber daya hutan dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan ekonomi, antara lain melalui penamgkaran jalak Bali. Balai TNBB juga telah membantu mensejahterakan masyarakat desa hutan sekitar TNBB dengan memberi ijin masyarakat memenuhi kebutuhan hidup dengan mengambil pakan ternak, tanaman obat, madu lebah. Pengelolaan TNBB dapat berjalan dengan efektif, karena berbasis pada kearifan lokal, serta didukung oleh kelembagaan lokal (desa pekraman/desa adat). Model pemberdayaan masyarakat yang berbasis pada kearifan lokal, serta didukung oleh kelembagaan lokal dapat membangun hubungan harmonis antara pengelola Taman Nasional dengan masyarakat desa hutan, sekaligus dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat desa hutan dan melestarikan hutan.
RESPON PRODUKSI KACANG TANAH (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA) TERHADAP PEMBERIAN PUPUK KANDANG AYAM PADA BEBERAPA VARIETAS
Authors:   Universitas Methodist Indonesia, Sianturi Pahala , Simanjuntak Pantas , Sagala Andre
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat produksi kacang tanah (Arachis hypogaea) akibat pemberian pupuk kandang ayam pada beberapa varietas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Tanjung Anom, Kabupaten Deli Serdang, Sumatera Utara dengan ketinggian tempat ± 30 meter diatas permukaan laut (mdpl). Penelitian ini di laksanakan pada bulan Januari 2019 sampai dengan April 2019. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial dengan 2 faktor perlakuan. Faktor pertama adalah Pupuk Kandang Ayam (A) dengan 3 taraf, yaitu : K1 = 1,5 kg/plot, K2 = 3 kg/plot, K3 = 4,5 kg/plot. Faktor kedua adalah Varietas Kacang Tanah (V) dengan 3 taraf yaitu: V1 = Varietas Gajah, V2 = Varietas Garuda, V3 = Varietas Kelinci. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah, umur berbunga, jumlah ginofor per sampel, jumlah bintil akar, jumlah polong berisi per sampel, jumlah polong hampa per sampel dan bobot 100 biji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pupuk kandang ayam berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah ginofor per sampel, jumlah bintil akar, jumlah polong berisi per sampel dan bobot 100 biji tetapi berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap umur berbunga dan jumlah polong hampa per sampel. Perlakuan varietas kacang tanah berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, umur berbunga, jumlah ginofor per sampel, jumlah polong berisi per sampel dan bobot 100 biji tetapi berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap jumlah bintil akar dan jumlah polong hampa per sampel. Interaksi pupuk kandang ayam dengan beberapa varietas berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, umur berbunga, jumlah ginofor per sampel, jumlah bintil akar, jumlah polong berisi per sampel, jumlah polong hampa per sampel dan bobot 100 biji.
PENERAPAN LMS-GOOGLE CLASSROOM DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DARING SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors:   Universitas Potensi Utama, Alfina Ommi
Published: October 2020

This research aims to (1) find out the results of the implementation of Learning Management System (LMS)-Google Classroom in the online learning process for Informatics Engineering students, Universitas Potensi Utama during the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) learn about students' responses to online learning using LMS-Google Classroom. This research is based on the transformation of the course process from face-to-face learning to remote learning (PJJ) by relying on technology as a substitute for learning media, known as distance learning and online learning. This research was conducted using case study methods. This research was conducted on informatics engineering students in multimedia courses. Sampling techniques using purposive sampling methods. The results showed that the application of LMS-Google Classroom to online learning for Informatics Engineering students during the COVID-19 pandemic had a positive effect, especially in terms of absorption related to understanding lecture materials. Based on the results of student questionnaire calculations, it was obtained that as many as 23% of students find it difficult to attend lectures using LMS-Google Classroom which is reviewed in terms of technological efficiency and material understanding level. Meanwhile, 77% of students are happy and enthusiastic about gaining a new learning experience after using LMS-Google Classroom to participate in multimedia lectures. It can be concluded that the implementation of LMS-Google Classroom in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic is one of the solutions that can be used so that the lecture process can continue. However, it is necessary to provide assistance and control over student activities to keep students motivated in following the lecture process in the context of online learning.
50 anos de evolução nos estudos linguísticos transculturais: da Retórica Contrastiva à Retórica Intercultural
Authors: Sánchez-Jiménez David
Published: October 2020

Este trabalho apresenta um panorama histórico dos estudos linguísticos transculturais, discorrendo sobre o surgimento da retórica contrastiva por meio do trabalho seminal de Robert Kaplan em 1966 e as contribuições de Ulla Connor ao rebatizar tais estudos como retórica intercultural. Explana-se também sobre as críticas endereçadas à retórica contrastiva feitas durante os anos 1980, 1990 e 2000 e de que maneira tais críticas redefiniram o quadro teórico-metodológico e o objeto de estudo da disciplina. Conclui-se com exposição de uma crítica à homogeneização das distintas culturas retóricas causada pela globalização e internacionalização do inglês no âmbito acadêmico e nas atividades profissionais.
Nasal carriage of highly resistant methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains by hospital staff in Hazara region of Pakistan
Authors: Maria Rukan  , Humaira Jamil  , Habib Ali Bokhari  , Aamer Ali Khattak  , Allah Nawaz Khan  , Zahid Ullah  , Sarfaraz Hussain  , Muhammad Ali Syed
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objective: To isolate and characterise multidrug resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus from healthcare workers who are at potential risk of nosocomial infections.

Methods: The observational, cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2014 to April 2015 at different hospitals of Haripur and Abbottabad, Pakistan, and comprised ward and operation theatre staff. The isolates were identified on the basis of microbiological and biochemical tests and further confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. Disc diffusion method was used for antibiotic sensitivity testing, and panton valentine leukocidin and methicillin resistance mecA genes were detected using polymerase chain reaction.

Results: Of 208 isolates, 108(52%) were from the ward staff and 100(48%) were from the operation theatre staff. Overall, 167(80.3%) isolates were positive for Staphylococcus aureus, and 75(36%) were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The number of antibiotic-resistant isolates was 75(45%) cefoxitin, 60(36%) ofloxacin, 152(91%) erythromycin, 52(31%) doxycycline, 127(76%) lincomycin, 53(32%) amoxicillin-clavulanate, 67(40%) ciprofloxacin, and 89(53%) ceftriaxone.

Conclusion: A high number of hospital staff, including those working in operation theatres, were found to be carrying methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and multidrug resistant strains in their nasal passage that may be a source of infection to patients.

Key Words: Methicillin resistance, Nosocomial infections, Vancomycin, MecA gene, Pvl gene. Continuous....
Comparing the effectiveness of mulligan mobilization versus cyriax approach in the management of patients with subacute lateral epicondylitis
Authors: Aqeel Ahmed  , Muhammad Ibrar  , Aatik Arsh  , Sonia Wali  , Shoukat Hayat  , Summar Abass
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of Mulligan mobilisation versus Cyriax approach in the management of patients with subacute lateral epicondylitis.

Methods: The clinical trial was conducted at the District Headquarter Hospital, Bahawalnagar, Pakistan, from September to December 2018, and comprised lateral epicondylitis patients having symptoms for >2 weeks. The diagnosis was confirmed on the basis of physical tests and musculoskeletal ultrasound. The subjects were randomly allocated to two equal groups A and B. Group A received deep transverse friction and Mill’s manipulation according to Cyriax approach, while group B received Mulligan mobilisation with movement techniques. Patient-related tennis elbow evaluation index was used to collect data which was analysed using SPSS 20.

Results: Of the 60 patients, there were 30(50%) in each of the two groups. The overall mean age was 35.27±7.30 years, and 38(63.3%) participants were male.  After 4 weeks of treatment sessions, both groups showed significant improvements (p<0.05) in pain and functional disability scores. Group A showed significantly more improvement (p<0.05) in pain subscale scores compared to group B, while group B showed significant improvement (p<0.05) in functional disability subscale scores compared to group A. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the groups on total the patient-related tennis elbow evaluation index score.

Conclusion: Both Mulligan mobilisation with movement and Cyriax approach decreased pain and improved functional status in lateral epicondylitis patients.

Key Words: Elbow, Lateral epicondylitis, Massage, Mobilisation, Physiotherapy. Continuous..,
Emotional Intelligence, A predictor of undergraduate student’s academic achievement in altered living conditions
Authors: Tariq Sundus , Saba Tariq  , Komal Atta  , Rehana Rehman  , Zaima Ali
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objective: To compare the impact of trait emotional intelligence between students of different faculties and associated factors.

Methods: the cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from August 2016 to March 2017 at the University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan, and comprised trait undergraduate students, both boarders and day scholars, from seven different faculties. Data was collected using the trait emotional intelligence questionnaire–short form. Student’s yearly test scores were obtained as a measure of academic achievement. Data was analysed using SPSS 20.

Results: Of the 498 students, 109(21.9%) were studying medicine, 56(11.2%) dental sciences, 76(15.2%) optometry, 83(16.6%) nutrition and dietetics, 109(21.9%) physiotherapy, 35(7%) pharmacy, and 30(6%) social sciences. The overall mean age was 19.84±1.30 years. There were 210(42.2%) boarders compared to 288(57.8%) day scholars. There was significant difference in emotional intelligence based on student’s faculty (p<0.0001). Significant impact was seen on test scores of faculty residing status (p<0.05). Significant relation of emotional quotient and residing status with student’s test scores (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Emotional intelligence was found to be an important factor in academic achievement and important variable in different faculties and different living conditions.

Key Words: Achievement, Emotional intelligence, Faculty, Medical students, Social conditions.

Continuous...
Relationship of BMI with Junk Food, sleep pattern, exam performance and awareness about its ill health effects in healthy teenagers
Authors: Saba Tariq  , Sundus Tariq  , Saffee Tariq  , Rehana Rehman
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the relationship of body mass index of healthy teenafers with junk food, sleep pattern, exam performance and awareness about its ill effects.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted from March to June 2017 at University Medical and Dental College, University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan, and comprised subjects aged 13-19. Data was collected using face-to-face interviews, getting the examnation results from respective educational insititutions and calculating the body mass index, Data was abalysed using SPSS 22.

Results: Of the 226 subjects, 96(42.5%) were boys with a mean age of 15.68 ± 1.83 years, and 130(57.5%) were girls with a mean age of 17.00±1.74 years. Based on body mass index, 35(15.5%) subjects were underweight, 88(39%) were normal, 28(12.4%) overweight, 56(24.7%) pre-obese and 19(8.4%) were obese. The independent predictors of body mass index were higher consumption of soft drinks in males and higher consumption of soft drinks and salt in females (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Teenagers were found ot be well aware of the ill effects of junk food, but they were found to be happy with their dietary habits and unwilling to change it.

Key Words: Teenagers, BMI, Food habits, Fast food, Soft drinks. Continuous...