bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Taylor series method of order $p$ and Adams-Bashforth method on time scales
Authors: Georgiev Svetlin , Erhan Inci
Published: December 2021

A recent study on the Taylor series method of second order and the
trapezoidal rule for dynamic equations on time scales has been continued
by introducing a derivation of the Taylor series method of arbitrary
order $p$ on time scales. The error and convergence analysis of the
method is also obtained. The 2 step Adams-Bashforth method for dynamic
equations on time scales is concluded and applied to examples of initial
value problems for nonlinear dynamic equations. Numerical results are
presented and discussed.
A molecular dynamics investigation on fuel vaporization and mixing characteristics under sub/supercritical conditions
Authors: Wei Wu , Zhou Tingyu , Zhao Lun , Deng Lei , Xie Maozhao
Published: December 2021

Molecular dynamics simulation is performed to study the influence of environmental pressure on the mixing process. Based on the OPLS-AA full-atomic potential function, the gas-liquid-gas simulation box model is used to study the evaporation characteristics of n-heptane at different environmental conditions. The results show that compared with the subcritical environment, the nitrogen molecules in the supercritical condition can diffuse into the liquid phase region earlier, and the temperature of the liquid phase rise faster, and then a unified supercritical fluid could be formed. Based on the density profile, a gas-liquid-gas interface thickness is defined and the interface thickness is widened as the ambient pressure increase, resulting in the conventional subcritical evaporation transition turbulent mixing process.
Nutrient Sensor mTORC1 Regulates Insulin Secretion by Modulating β-Cell Autophagy
Authors: Israeli Tal , Riahi Yael , Garzon Perla , Louzada Ruy Andrade , Werneck-de-Castro Joao Pedro , Blandino-Rosano Manuel , Yeroslaviz-Stolper Roni , Kadosh Liat , Tornovsky-Babeay Sharona , Hacker Gilad , Israeli Nitzan , Agmon Orly , Tirosh Boaz , Cerasi Erol , Bernal-Mizrachi Ernesto , Leibowitz Gil
Published: December 2021

The dynamic regulation of autophagy in β-cells by cycles of fasting-feeding and its effects on insulin secretion are unknown. In β-cells, mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is inhibited while fasting and is rapidly stimulated during refeeding by a single amino acid, leucine, and glucose. Stimulation of mTORC1 by nutrients inhibited the autophagy initiator ULK1 and the transcription factor TFEB, thereby preventing autophagy when β-cells were continuously exposed to nutrients. Inhibition of mTORC1 by Raptor knockout mimicked the effects of fasting and stimulated autophagy while inhibiting insulin secretion, whereas moderate inhibition of autophagy under these conditions rescued insulin secretion. These results show that mTORC1 regulates insulin secretion through modulation of autophagy under different nutritional situations. In the fasting state, autophagy is regulated in an mTORC1-dependent manner, and its stimulation is required to keep insulin levels low, thereby preventing hypoglycemia. Reciprocally, stimulation of mTORC1 by elevated leucine and glucose, which is common in obesity, may promote hyperinsulinemia by inhibiting autophagy.
Cobalamin Intake and Related Biomarkers: Examining Associations With Mortality Risk Among Adults With Type 2 Diabetes in NHANES
Authors: Wang Shanjie , Wang Ye , Wan Xin , Guo Junchen , Zhang Yiying , Tian Maoyi , Fang Shaohong , Yu Bo
Published: December 2021

Objective Despite periodical monitoring of cobalamin (vitamin
B12) in metformin-treated diabetic patients is recommended, the
cobalamin-associated mortality benefits or risks remains unclear. We investigated
the association between cobalamin intake and related biomarkers and mortality
risk in diabetic adults using metformin or not.

Methods This study included 3,277 adults with type 2 diabetes
from NHANES and followed up until December 31, 2015. Weighted Cox proportional
hazard regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for mortality
risk.

Results Among 3,277 participants, 865 all-cause deaths occurred
during a median follow-up of 7.02 years. There was no robust relationship
between all-cause mortality and serum cobalamin, intakes from foods or
cobalamin supplements regardless of metformin treatment (each p ≥0.120). The doubling of
methylmalonic
acid (MMA, a cobalamin-deficiency marker) was significantly associated with
higher all-cause (HR 1.31 95%CI 1.18–1.45, p <0.001) and cardiac mortality
(HR 1.38 95%CI 1.14–1.67, p =0.001). Cobalamin sensitivity was assessed by the
combination of binary B12low/high and MMAlow/high (cutoff
values: cobalamin 400 pg/ml and MMA 250nmol/L). Patients with decreased
cobalamin sensitivity (MMAhighB12high) had the highest
mortality risk. The multivariable-adjusted HRs (95%CIs) of
all-cause mortality in MMAlowB12low, MMAlowB12high,
MMAhighB12low, and MMAhighB12high
groups were 1.00 (reference), 0.98 (0.75–1.28), 1.49 (1.16–1.92),
and 1.96 (1.38–2.78), respectively. That association was especially significant
in metformin
nonusers.

Conclusions Serum and
dietary cobalamin were not associated with reduced mortality. Decreased
cobalamin sensitivity was significantly associated with all-cause and cardiac mortality,
particularly among metformin
nonusers.
Functional Gly297Ser Variant of the Physiological Dysglycemic Peptide Pancreastatin is a Novel Risk Factor for Cardiometabolic Disorders
Authors: Allu Prasanna K. R. , Kiranmayi Malapaka , Mukherjee Sromona D. , Chirasani Venkat R. , Garg Richa , Vishnuprabu Durairajpandian , Ravi Sudesh , Subramanian Lakshmi , Sahu Bhavani S. , Iyer Dhanya R. , Maghajoti Sakthisree , Sharma Saurabh , Ravi Marimuthu S. , Khullar Madhu , Munirajan Arasambattu K. , Gayen Jiaur R. , Senapati Sanjib , Mullasari Ajit S. , Mohan Viswanathan , Radha Venkatesan , Prasad Sathyamangala V. Naga , Mahapatra Nitish R.
Published: December 2021

Pancreastatin (PST), a chromogranin A (CHGA)-derived
potent physiological dysglycemic peptide, regulates glucose/insulin
homeostasis. We have identified a non-synonymous functional PST variant (p.Gly297Ser;
rs9658664) that occurs in a large section of human populations. Association
analysis of this single nucleotide polymorphism with cardiovascular/metabolic
diseases states in Indian populations (n≈4300 subjects) displays elevated
plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, diastolic blood pressure and
catecholamines in Gly/Ser subjects as compared to wild-type individuals
(Gly/Gly). Consistently, the 297Ser allele confers an increased risk (~1.3-1.6-fold)
for type-2 diabetes/hypertension/coronary artery disease/metabolic syndrome. In
corroboration, the variant peptide (PST-297S) displays gain-of-potency in
several cellular events relevant for cardiometabolic disorders (e.g., increased expression of
gluconeogenic genes, increased catecholamine secretion, greater inhibition of
insulin-stimulated glucose-uptake) than the wild-type peptide (PST-WT).
Computational docking analysis and molecular dynamics simulations show higher
affinity binding of PST-297S peptide with glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78)
and insulin receptor (IR) than PST-WT, providing a mechanistic basis for the
enhanced activity of the variant peptide. In
vitro binding assays validate these in
silico predictions of PST peptides binding to GRP78 and IR. In conclusion,
the PST 297Ser allele influences cardiovascular/metabolic phenotypes and
emerges as a novel risk factor for type-2 diabetes/hypertension/coronary artery
disease in human populations.
The Nutrient Sensor mTORC1 Regulates Insulin Secretion by Modulating ß-cell Autophagy
Authors: Israeli Tal , Riahi Yael , Garzon Perla , Louzada Ruy Andrade , Werneck-de-Castro Joao Pedro , Blandino-Rosano Manuel , Yeroslaviz-Stolper Roni , Kadosh Liat , Tornovsky-Babeay Sharona , Hacker Gilad , Israeli Nitzan , Agmon Orly , Tirosh Boaz , Cerasi Erol , Bernal-Mizrachi Ernesto , Leibowitz Gil
Published: December 2021

The dynamic regulation of
autophagy in b-cells by cycles of
fasting-feeding and its effects on insulin secretion are unknown. In b-cells mTORC1 is inhibited
while fasting, and is rapidly stimulated during refeeding by a single amino
acid, leucine, and glucose. Stimulation of mTORC1 by nutrients inhibited the
autophagy initiator ULK1 and the transcription factor TFEB, thereby preventing autophagy
when b-cells are continuously
exposed to nutrients. Inhibition
of mTORC1 by Raptor knockout mimicked the effects of fasting and
stimulated autophagy while inhibiting insulin secretion, whereas moderate
inhibition of autophagy under these conditions rescued insulin secretion. These
results show that mTORC1 regulates insulin secretion through modulation of
autophagy under different nutritional situations. In the fasting state, autophagy is regulated in an mTORC1-dependent manner and its stimulation is
required to keep insulin levels low, thereby preventing hypoglycemia.
Reciprocally, stimulation of mTORC1 by elevated leucine and glucose, which is
common in obesity, may promote hyperinsulinemia by inhibiting autophagy.
Development and Application of In Vitro 3D Liver Models for more Physiologically Relevant Hazard Assessment of Engineered Nanomaterials
Authors:   , Llewellyn Samantha V.
Published: December 2021

Due to the expanding use of nanotechnology in consumer applications, human and environmental exposure to engineered nanomaterials (ENM) is inevitable. Hepatic toxicology is important when considering ENM exposure, as the liver is the major site of ENM secondary deposition and accumulation post exposure, as well as being vital in metabolic homeostasis and detoxification. The vast range of ENMs available deems it untenable to rely on in vivo based methods to elucidate the immediate and lasting effects of ENM exposure. Therefore, this research project aimed to develop an advanced 3D in vitro liver model with enhanced physiological relevance to better understand the human health hazards, specifically genotoxicity, associated with ENM exposure. The in vitro model developed was a HepG2 3D liver spheroid model with 14-day viability and liver-like functionality, as well as proliferating capabilities required to support the evaluation of fixed DNA damage endpoints. Utilising this model, the next objective was to evaluate several toxicological endpoints (e.g. liver function, (pro-)inflammatory response, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity) for a variety of ENMs (TiO2, ZnO, Ag, BaSO4 and CeO2) under different exposure regimes designed to better mimic human exposure routes. To achieve this, the ENM were 1) pre-treated in a series of biological simulant fluids to mimic inhalation and ingestion exposure routes, and 2) applied to the 3D liver model for both short- (24hr) and prolonged (120hr) single-bolus, and repeated-fractionated daily ENM exposure regimes, prior to hazard characterisation. The effects of material biotransformation upon reactivity, cytotoxicity, (pro-)inflammatory and genotoxic potential of Ag and TiO2 was demonstrated, and illustrated that the necessity of ENM pre-treatment prior to in vitro hazard assessment should be reserved for ENM that exhibit high degrees of physico-chemical transformation and reactivity (i.e. a tiered testing strategy). When comparing dosing durations, no cytotoxicity or significant reduction in liver-like functionality was observed across either acute, prolonged or repeated exposure regimes. Acute exposure to all ENMs induced a significant increase (p≤0.05) in genotoxicity, albeit not dose-dependently. ZnO, which rapidly dissolves into ions, was the only material to exhibit genotoxicity at both an acute and prolonged exposure. For the materials selected in this study, there was no significant difference between prolonged, bolus or repeated exposure regimes, indicating that the added complexity of fractionated dosing was not necessary. In conclusion, 3D in vitro hepatic spheroid models have the capacity to be utilised for evaluating more realistic ENM exposures, thereby providing a future approach to better support in vitro ENM hazard assessment in a routine and easily accessible manner.
Location Selection Based on Surrounding Facilities in Google Maps using Sort Filter Skyline Algorithm
Authors: Annisa Annisa , Khairina Salsa
Published: December 2021

Selecting a good location is an essential task in many location-based applications. Intuitively, a place is better than another if there are many good facilities around it. The most popular location selection platform today is Google Maps. Unfortunately, Google Maps has not provided the location selection based on the number of surrounding facilities. Assume a situation when a college student wants to let a house near his campus. Besides the distance from the campus, the student certainly will consider amenities surrounding it, such as food courts, supermarkets, health clinics, and places of worship. The rent house will become a better choice if there are more of these facilities around. Skyline query is a well-known method to select interesting desirable objects. We applied the Sort Filter Skyline (SFS) Algorithm on Google Maps to get a small number of attractive locations based on the number of nearby facilities. This study has succeeded in developing a web-based application that facilitates Google Maps users to search for places based on the figure of surrounding facilities. The time required to do a location search using SFS in Google Maps will increase with the number of surrounding facility types considered by the user.
Analysis of the Causal Relationship of Body Image Factors in Patients with Cancer
Authors: Fatmawati Vita Ari , Effendy Christantie , Rahmadi Ridho
Published: December 2021

Patients with cancer can potentially experience the negative impacts of treatment. Physical conditions due to illness and therapy can affect the patient's body image. This study aims to find a causal model among body image factors of patients with cancer using the S3C-Latent Method. The measurement of body image of patients with cancer used the BIS questionnaire. One hundred and ninety-nine patients with cancer participated in this study. The results showed the existence of causal relationships between behavior to cognitive factors and duration of illness with reliability scores of 0.8 and 0.6, respectively; from gender to affective factors, illness duration, behavior, and cognitive factors with reliability scores of 0.6, 0.8, 0.65, and 1, respectively. There are also causal relationships from age to affective factors, duration of illness, and cognitive factors with reliability scores of 0.8, 0.7, and 0.9, respectively. The results also showed that affective factors are associated with behavior, cognitive factors, and duration of illness, with reliability scores of 1, 1, and 0.9, respectively. The results showed further the association of cognitive factors and illness duration with a reliability score of 1. We expect that the estimated causal model will serve as a scientific reference for medical experts in developing a better intervention such as treatment.
COVID-19 Contact Tracing: Ghana’s Efforts in the Application of Geospatial Technology in Minimizing the Impact of the Pandemic
Authors: Yeboah Emmanuel , Sarfo Isaac , Kwang Clement , Batame Michael , Addai Foster Kofi , Darko George , Amankwah Solomon Obiri Yeboah , Nketiah Jones , Appea Emmanuella Aboagye , Oduro Collins
Published: December 2021

COVID-19 has presented unusual challenges for individuals, governments and societies across the globe. Several non-medical and non-pharmaceutical interventions have demonstrated to be critical in addressing the resultant impacts. One notable tool among these interventions is the application of technology in identifying infected persons or individuals coming into contact with those infected. Policy think-tanks have invested in geospatial technology and information systems to help resolve contact tracing inefficiencies to curtail the fast spread of the disease. This study highlights the extent of the application of geospatial technology in COVID-19 contact tracing in Ghana. Here, it was demonstrated that majority of young adults that form the greater part of Ghana’s population have access to digital devices which serve as primary catalysts in facilitating effective and efficient contact tracing. Case count of the pandemic continues to surge sharply from one month to the other since the first recorded case on March 12, 2020. A huge number of cases were recorded in the southern part of the country, as against cases recorded in the north. Mobility patterns depicted the migration of more people from regions with a high number of case count to regions with lower counts. We recommend a holistic and proactive approach to the use of smart mobile devices and applications in enhancing contact tracing. Privacy and data protection laws must be prioritized and supported by effective legislative and policy frameworks that serve as the legal basis for the management of personal information.
CASE OF MALIGNATION OF GIANT INVERTED PAPILLOMA OF THE NOSE
Authors: Plaksyvyi Oleksandr , Kalutskyi Ihor , Mazur Olga
Published: December 2021

Inverted transitional cell papilloma (Schneider papilloma), a rare benign tumor, accounts for about 0.5% of all neoplasms of the nose. Usually unilateral, recurrences of the tumor can occur after 5-10 years. The clinical case testiﬁ es to the gigantic size of the neoplasm, the germination of the inverted papilloma into the paranasal sinuses, the malignancy of the process and the metastasis of the tumor, which was not previously described. The main treatment for preventing recurrence is radical surgery, possibly with ligation of the external carotid artery.
PECULIARITIES OF THE PRACTICAL SKILLS BY STUDENTS OF THE MEDICAL FACULTY IN THE STUDY OF CLINICAL ANATOMY AND OPERATIVE SURGERY
Authors: Hnatiuk Mykhailo , Konovalenko Sergii , Kritsak Myroslav , Yasinovskiy Oleh
Published: December 2021

The article provides basic information about the peculiarities of the acquisition of practical skills by students of the medical faculty in the study of clinical anatomy and operative surgery.A pedagogical experiment was conducted in which 65 students took part, who were divided into two groups and studied clinical anatomy and operative surgery. The ﬁ rst group, after getting acquainted with the theory of operative surgery, began to perform operations on animals. The second group, after studying the theory, trained in the gym and began operations on animals. It was found that students of the ﬁ rst group made 27.5% of mistakes when performing operations and manipulations on animals, and the second group – 11.25%.The results of the study show that the most adequate and full-ﬂ edged practical skills in operative surgery are students who study in stages with the acquisition of the required minimum of theoretical knowledge, with practical skills in the gym, with surgical interventions on experimental animals and detailed analysis of time of operations, complications, consequences at diﬀ erent times of the postoperative period and surgical corrective actions to eliminate them.
Мilitary actions of 1914–1915 and their influence and ethnopolitical situation of ukrainians / ruthenians in the Сarpathian region
Authors: Кostyuchok Petro
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this article is to study the impact of military operations 1914-1915 on the ethnopolitical position of Ukrainians / Rusyns in the Carpathian region. These transformational processes have modified the primary social, political, economic, cultural and ethnic structure, which was not previously devoted to individual scientific research, therefore, the proposed the study contains thematic novelty. The First World War for Ukrainians became a turning point in paths to collective political mobilization and a certain group ethnic identification. Sources and methodology. The article, based on a wide range of sources, comprehensively, in a comparative way, analyzed ethnopolitical situation of Ukrainians / Rusyns in the Carpathian region and the influence of military actions is characterized 1914-1915 to the local population of the region. Conclusions. The publication shows the correlation between the influence of the factor of war and the corresponding military clashes of 1914-1915. in the Carpathian region on all kinds of discrimination. Carpathian mountaineers, both at the socio-economic and political levels. At the same time, we state that both warring parties resorted to persecution of Ukrainians / Rusyns of the region for political and ethnic reasons.
The state of hospitals in Pidkarpatska Rus during the first decade of czechoslovak rule (1919-1929)
Authors: Likhtei Ihor
Published: December 2021

The article traces the process of activity of hospitals in Transcarpathia during the first decade of the land being a part of Czechoslovakia. Research methods. First of all, comparative-historical and structural-system methods of analysis, generalization and synthesis, as well as problem-chronological way of presenting the material have been used. Scientific novelty. The outlined problematics is considered in historiography for the first time. Conclusions. It is noted that at the time of the incorporation of Transcarpathia into Czechoslovakia there were four county hospitals, three of which were in a rather deplorable condition. The Czechoslovak administration had to make considerable efforts to modernize them. Emphasis was placed on the activities of doctors who came to Transcarpathia mainly from the Czech and Moravian lands. They were usually graduates of the Medical Faculty of the University of Prague, and some even underwent internships at leading European clinics. It is thanks to their ascetic work that the condition of hospitals and medical care of the population had improved.
Khotyn battle 1621. Іgnored source in ukrainian historiography
Authors: Moysey Antoniy , Moisey Arkadiy
Published: December 2021

The article offers a historiographical consideration of the description of the Khotyn battle 1621with an emphasis on the historical value of M. Kostin's “Chronicle of the Land of Moldova” in the coverage of theevent. The relevance of the study is dictated by the 400th anniversary of the battle. The purpose of the study is to clarify the historical significance of thechronicle in revealing the theme of the Battle of Khotyn in 1621. Methodology describes the work of M. Kostin, its source base, comparison with other historical sources, review of its use. Conclusions. “Chronicle of the Land of Moldova” by Myron Kostin, being the only source for studying the history of Moldova in the early and mid seventeenth century. at the same time it is a true description of the events of the Khotyn War (1620–1621). Although the chronicler is not a contemporary of the events, his account of the Battle of Khotyn is based on serious Polish sources of the relevant era, oral information from contemporaries of the fighting, the traditions of the princely family of Movileshty, and so on. The work is positively characterized by a deep and detailed description of events, impartiality, clear analysis of military operations of a participant in many battles, education of the author and his broad outlook, which allowed him to understand the causal links of actions, actions of the parties, unconditional literary talent M. Kostin. His disregard for the events of the Khotyn War of 1621 by a number of Ukrainian historians shows a reluctance to consider the event comprehensively, using all sources. Moreover, we see a focus on showing only one fragment of this historical event, the participation of the Ukrainian side in it. The language barrier to the use of the Chronicle is no more a problem than a political motive.
European Carnival: traditions and nowadays
Authors: Kurochkin Оlexander
Published: December 2021

The problems of functioning of carnival traditions in the countries of Western Europe are examined in the given article. The ancient holidays of Dionysius and Saturnalia are the genetic ancestors, these were the periods when golden age seemed to be approaching the earth – the kingdom of universal equality and freedom. The carnival became a mass folk holiday with street processions, games, and theatrical performances in masks in the Middle Ages due to the development of European self-governing cities and the formation of the bourgeois class. Carnival theory is a field of active scientific discussion. While criticizing the vulnerable aspects of the carnival concept of M. Bakhtin, a representative of the international scientific community, they recognize the priority of the component structure of the public square laughter culture revealed by him. Inversion is the main idea of carnival illustrates change of the age, gender, social status of the participants of the festive event. One might receive a comprehensive knowledge of the international fund of carnival forms while analyzing its national variants. Taking this into account, the researcher might reveal the genesis and historical transformation of the most popular European carnivals, which are regularly performed in such cities as Venice, Cologne, Bensch, London. The European Carnival is the antithesis of a totalitarian holiday, which is characterized by excessive seriousness, false pathos, a stereotypical set of ideological slogans and clichйs. The experience of organizing carnival entertainment is interesting as an example of democratic festive communication, a bright artistic and aesthetic phenomenon, an example of successful self-organization of local communities.
Assessment of the state of the oxidant-antioxidant system and lipid peroxidation in patients with chronic pancreatitis combined with hypothyroidism
Authors: Ratsa V. , Fedіv O.
Published: December 2021

Changes in oxidative-antioxidant homeostasis is one of the pathogenetic links in the onset and progression of many nosologies, including chronic pancreatitis (CP) and hypothyroidism (HТ), however, data on the development of oxidative stress (OS) with a combination of CP and HP are insufficient, therefore, determining the role of these systems with a comorbid course of these pathologies is an urgent issue of our time.The aim of the work is to study the state of the oxidative and antioxidant system in patients with CP and CP combined with HT.Material and methods. 96 people were examined, including 26 patients with chronic pancreatitis (group 1), 24 patients with hypothyroidism (group 2), 26 patients with chronic pancreatitis on the background of hypothyroidism (group 3), 20 almost healthy individuals (group 4). Evaluation of the oxidative-antioxidant system and lipid peroxidation was assessed by determining the content of malonic aldehyde in blood plasma (MA pl.) And erythrocytes (MA er.), The level of reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase (GP) and glutathione-S-trans-ion (GT). Enzyme activity was calculated per 1 g of hemoglobin (HB).Research results. The analysis of the obtained results revealed clear patterns of changes in the state of the oxidative-antioxidant system and lipid peroxidation in patients with chronic pancreatitis on the background of hypothyroidism. Namely, violation of lipid peroxidation in patients with comorbid pathology, accompanied by an increase in the content of MA er. by 44.87% and the content of MA in blood plasma by 46.42%; oxidative-antioxidant system: decrease in HF in the blood by 51,61%, combined of a compensatory increase in BP - by 48.03% and HT - by 34.76%.Conclusion. Under the conditions of comorbidity of CP and HT, there is a violation of the oxidative-antioxidant system and the state of lipid peroxidation, which is characterized by a significant increase in MA in erythrocytes and MA in plasma against a decrease in glutathione and which complicates the course of the underlying disease, its diagnosis and treatment.
Kurdish EFL Learners’ Perceptions towards Written Corrective Feedback and Its Types: An Investigative Study
Authors: Qasim Mahmood Rizgar
Published: December 2021

Written Corrective Feedback has been one of the most controversial topics (Waller, 2015), and it has been researched extensively. Still, the lack of research among Kurdish EFL learners made it necessary to conduct the current research. This study focuses on investigating learners’ perceptions of written corrective feedback and its types. It attempts to answer what the Kurdish EFL learners’ perceptions of written corrective feedback are, and what types of written corrective feedback among Kurdish Learners are preferred. Answering these questions is significant as the results can be used by both teachers and learners to improve learners’ writing accuracy. A survey questionnaire was distributed to collect data. After analyzing data, the results reveal that most Kurdish EFL participants were not fully aware of WCF and its effectiveness as a learning tool. However, they still expected their writing teachers to provide them with WCF in writing tasks. Also, the results indicate that Kurdish EFL learners preferred two types of WCF: explicit and implicit WCF. Hence, the results have many pedagogical implications for writing teachers and learners. Firstly, it shows how EFL learners from other countries and contexts perceive WCF, and secondly, results encourage writing teachers to give more attention and value to WCF.
Challenges of Short Sentence Writing Encounter 1st Year Uundergraduate Students in English Language Departments at Al-Baha University
Authors: Ibrahim Alsalami Ahmed
Published: December 2021

This study aims to find out the most common challenges of writing short sentences encountered by first-year English-major undergraduate students of English language departments. A mixed method was used including quantitative and qualitative as data was obtained using student questionnaires and interview questions for the lecturers. About 122 first-year English-major undergraduate students (%50.4 female and %49.6 male) from the English Language Departments at all colleges of Al-Baha University were randomly chosen, including 30 lecturers, and were interviewed in the study (15 males and 15 females). The study revealed significant results which have shown difficulties in constructing short sentences, the distinction of active and passive voice, and the use of conjunctions, punctuations, quantifiers, and the correct auxiliary. Also among common issues, students find difficulties in using comparative and superlative degree, subject–verb agreement and the use of articles. Thus, the study recommends that first-year English-major undergraduate students should be given more written exercises as well as written feedback so that students can be able to write more effective short sentences. The study suggests that more studies could be conducted qualitative researches for first-year students of English language department to investigate and analyze the most common challenges and difficulties of the students’ written samples or documents.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Preservasi Pada Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia Menggunakan Metode Scrum
Authors: Marzuqi Habib , Mustikasari Metty
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun sistem informasi preservasi pada Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia yang berbasis web dengan menggunakan scrum model. Metode penelitian meliputi pengumpulan data, analisis kebutuhan sistem, pemodelan sistem, pengembangan aplikasi serta evaluasi dan pengujian. Metode scrum digunakan karena proses yang dilakukan tidak berurutan tetapi user mendapatkan hasil yang cepat, tepat dan akurat untuk penyelesaian permasalahan layanan. Dengan menerapkan scrum model dapat menghasilkan aplikasi sistem informasi preservasi yang  terdiri dari 6 product backlog, 6 sprint, scrum meeting harian dan demo aplikasi yang sangat menunjang dalam pembangunan aplikasi dengan waktu penyelesaian selama 287 jam atau disamakan dengan 5 hari kerja 8 jam per hari adalah 7 minggu 2 hari. Hasil dari evaluasi dengan menggunakan blackbox testing, sistem informasi preservasi dapat di implementasikan di Direktorat Preservasi Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia
Analisis Kualitas Keamanan Sistem Informasi E-Office Berbasis Website Pada STMIK Rosma Dengan Menggunakan OWASP Top 10
Authors: Yudiana Yudiana , Elanda Anggi , Buana Robby Lintang
Published: December 2021

STMIK ROSMA Karawang telah menerapkan pengarsipan dokumen surat di kampus, yang mana kesemuanya diatur secara daring (online) menggunakan sistem informasi e-office berbasis web. Sejak tahun 2020, Sistem Informasi e-office beberapa kali mengalami pengembangan dari sisi fitur yaitu fitur booking nomor surat dengan metode multiple insert query maupun data yang disimpan. Data tersebut menyimpan data dokumen surat baik itu surat masuk, surat keputusan, surat keuangan, surat keluar ketua, surat keluar wakil ketua dan surat keluar akademik STMIK ROSMA. Mengingat pentingnya data yang tersimpan maka perlu diterapkan pengujian keamanan dari sistem informasi e-office. Pengujian keamanan tersebut dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat kerentanan agar terhindar dari pihak yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Salah satu metode untuk menguji sistem informasi berbasis web adalah metode OWASP (Open Web Application Security Project) TOP 10 yang dikeluarkan oleh owasp.org sebuah organisasi non profit yang berdedikasi pada keamanan aplikasi berbasis web. Hasil pengujian menggunakan OWASP TOP 10 menunjukkan 10 kerentanan yang sering terjadi terhadap sistem informasi berbasis website sehingga perlu dilakukan perbaikan lebih lanjut oleh pihak pengembang sistem informasi e-office STMIK ROSMA.
Information Technology Audit at XYZ Agency, a Government Institution, Using COBIT 5 Framework in Domain Delivery, Service and Support
Authors: Mambu Joe Yuan , Tengker Gideon Fernando , Lompoliu Erienika M , Langi Axcelino
Published: December 2021

Technology has become an important component used by humans to facilitate them in finishing work in this digital era. XYZ institution utilizes technology, especially in the field of e-government to help each employee in doing their duties and responsibilities. In carrying out the responsibility as a government agency especially that is involving or related to the field of information technology may sometimes encounter problem. To find out the extent of information technology management in the XYZ institution, an audit is required. An audit, in the form of COBIT 5 framework within the DSS Domain, was carried out to oversee the work as well as infrastructure management within the information technology area in the XYZ institution. The result of the audit conclude that the within the DSS domain the organization reached level 2 which means task are being done but not yet managed by the organization. There are rooms for improvement by establishing the process through standard operation procedures (SOP).
Occupational health and safety cases in the New Zealand District Court
Authors: Peace Christopher , Priestley-King Pippi
Published: December 2021

Occupational health and safety (OHS) practitioners need to understand prosecutions that have been before the District Court if they are to provide informed guidance about compliance with the New Zealand (NZ) Health and Safety at Work Act (HSWA) to “persons having control of a business or undertaking” (PCBUs). However, if they cannot access academic databases, they may need to rely on individual reports of a few cases but may not have the time or resources to develop their own database. Those who are studying for a tertiary level qualification may also lack the time to find and catalogue more than a few cases.

This short article reports on the first stage of the development and analysis of a dataset of prosecutions under NZ OHS legislation. We describe our data sources and a high-level analysis of the dataset and issues to be resolved before proceeding with further data analysis. This work also forms part of research into “grey literature” and its use in practice by OHS practitioners and professionals.

We conclude by showing the disparity between prosecutions and deaths due to occupational disease and trauma (leading to an area for further research) and loop back to one of the origins for this research: the meaning of a safe system of work.
The concept and essence of electronic transactions in the civil law of Ukraine
Authors: Zmykalo O.I.
Published: December 2021

This research is devoted to the analysis of the legal regulation of electronic transactions in the civil law of Ukraine, the disclosure of problematic issues related to the practical application of the Law of Ukraine "On Electronic Commerce".

Within the framework of this article, a theoretical and applied study of various approaches of scientists was carried out, as well as the position of the legislator regarding the understanding of the concept and essence of an electronic transaction through its comparison with traditional approaches to understanding the concept and essence of a transaction. The analysis of the Law of Ukraine "On Electronic Commerce" was carried out, and it was found that the latter defines the organizational and legal basis for activities in the field of electronic commerce in Ukraine, establishes the procedure for making electronic transactions using information and telecommunication systems and determines the rights and obligations of participants in relations in the field of electronic commerce.

To achieve this goal, the author applied methods characteristic of legal science. The study was conducted out using the dialectical method of cognition of legal reality, which provided an opportunity to analyze the essence of electronic transactions as a variety of legal facts affecting the dynamics of legal obligations in the civil law system of Ukraine. Whereas the use of the formal-legal method made it possible to analyze the regulations related to the regulation of electronic transactions, which contributed to the proper disclosure of the research objectives.

Based on the study, the authors conclude that electronic transactions, like transactions in general, are a kind of legal facts acting in the form of an act of strong-willed lawful behavior aimed at establishing, changing or terminating civil rights and obligations. It has been established that a characteristic feature of electronic transactions is that they are carried out using information and telecommunication systems. It was determined that a characteristic feature of electronic transactions is interactivity, efficiency and multimedia.
Novelties of the legislation on veterinary medicinal products
Authors: Burylo Y.P.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the latest innovations in the legislation on veterinary medicine, namely the regulation of the production, distribution and use of veterinary medicines. The adoption of the new Law of Ukraine “On Veterinary Medicine” is caused by the need to approximate the relevant national legislation with the legislation of the European Union to fulfill Ukraine’s international obligations under the Association Agreement. This law reflects the latest trends in the development of legislation on veterinary medicinal products in the European Union.

The article pays attention to the strengthening of state regulation of production and distribution of veterinary medicines, in particular the introduction of licensing of imports, wholesale and retail sales of these medicines in Ukraine, due to the need to combat counterfeiting and veterinary medicinal products of dubious quality. It is also noted that the changes in the procedure of state registration of veterinary medicines provided by this law will on the one hand reduce the administrative burden on business due to the transition to indefinite state registration of veterinary drugs, and on the other hand new requirements for the registration dossier will improve the safety, quality and efficacy of veterinary medicinal products.

New requirements for the use of antibiotics are analyzed. Attention is drawn to the fact that along with the regulation of the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry, it is also necessary to regulate in more detail the issues of control of the circulation of active substances (active pharmaceutical ingredients). The article also deals with the mechanism of veterinary pharmacovigilance, which is new for Ukraine. At the same time, it is necessary to study the practical experience of implementing the European model of pharmaco to improve the relevant legislation in Ukraine.
Some directions of improvement of ways of interpretation of procedural administrative-tort legal norms of the customs legislation
Authors: Lipinsky V.V. , Skvirsky І. О.
Published: December 2021

Having studied the peculiarities of interpretation of administrative-tort provisions of customs legislation establishing the procedure for proceedings on violations of customs rules, the author, in particular, expresses the opinion that in order to ensure the legality and validity of the decision to impose administrative penalties through the correct determination of the circumstances of the case and the applicable law as well as through the choice of a fair type and amount of administrative penalty – the customs legislation on the right to explain the alleged offense and comment on the case should be interpreted in a way that the person prosecuted should be given sufficient time and procedural opportunities to express their position on the legal substantiation of the allegation that they committed an offense and on the proposed penalty, as well as to provide evidence on the circumstances of the case. Also, the author substantiates that the model of termination of proceedings in customs rules violation case on the basis of a compromise, introduced in the customs legislation, needs to be radically improved, because it is built so that this tool of customs administration does not correspond to its nature and purpose since under the current customs law this model demands unconditional admission of guilt and imposition of possible type and amount of administrative penalty, which is unchangeable according to negotiated mutual concessions. Moreover, the motivation of offenders to conclude amicable agreements with customs authorities is limited to avoiding stricter penalties for repeated offenses, which is incompatible with the principle of inevitability of liability and may devalue the progressive increase in penalties. In addition, the author proposes ways to expand the interpretation of customs law on the temporary seizure of goods, vehicles and documents to maximize the protection of property rights of enterprises, which in light of the circumstances may be unreasonable and disproportionate.
Application of measures to ensure the claim in administrative proceedings
Authors: Tour Т. О.
Published: December 2021

The article, based on the methodology of system analysis, considers the application of measures to ensure the claim in the administrative proceedings of Ukraine. Judicial protection includes various components, including procedures for reviewing decisions and actions or inaction of public authorities. The institute of securing a claim on an administrative claim, which was formed in administrative proceedings, is the result of a discussion on the formation of a European system of administrative justice in Ukraine. It is established that the mechanism of securing a lawsuit in an administrative lawsuit has a pronounced positive effect on achieving the key goal and objectives of administrative proceedings. This applies to ensuring legality and discipline in the system of public administration, elimination of violations by officials of public authorities. The applied mechanism promotes full realization of the right of subjects directly involved in public legal relations to judicial protection from illegal actions and decisions accepted by the public power and its officials, on realization of full and effective protection of the rights, freedoms and lawful interests of physical and legal persons. The institute of securing the claim can be considered as a logical conclusion of the procedure of establishing the public-law specialization of the procedural provision of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of the plaintiff. It is determined that the allocation of security of the claim as a special institution in the system of administrative proceedings is explained by the following factors: security measures, typical for the exercise of judicial power; the specifics of the legal environment, where the prerequisites for the existence of institutions of administrative law, for the emergence of public disputes, the further development of which occurs in the implementation of administrative powers of public authorities in relation to all other persons involved in administrative relations.
Development of legislation aimed to combat raidering
Authors: Kolomiichuk V.
Published: December 2021

The author analyzes the development of legislation aimed to combat raiding, in particular, that establishes crimi-nal liability for crimes covered by the concept of “raiding”, namely: Art. 205-1, 206, 206-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Investigated normative use of the term “raiding” in the legislation of Ukraine. Analyzed signs of crimes, which consist in illegal seizure of business entities. The history of the phenomenon of raiding in Ukraine is stud-ied and the stages of its spread are singled out. The comparison of the Criminal Code of Ukraine of 1960 and the Criminal Code of Ukraine of 2001 in the context of “anti-raider” articles is made. Each legislative change of Art. 205-1, 206, 206-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Additionally, the innovations of the laws aimed at counteracting raiding were analyzed, namely such laws as: “On Amendments to the Law of Ukraine “On State Registration of Legal Entities and Individual Entrepreneurs” to prevent amendments to the Unified State Register of Legal Entities and Individual Entrepreneurs according to forged documents” № 815-VIII of 24.11.2015, “On Amendments to the Law of Ukraine “On State Registration of Legal Entities and Individual Entrepreneurs” and some other legislative acts of Ukraine on decentralization of powers for state registration of legal entities, individuals - entrepreneurs and public formations” № 835-VIII from 26.11.2015, “On limited and additional liability companies” from 06.02.2018 № 2275-VIII, “On amendments to some legislative acts of Ukraine to combat raiding” from 05.12.2019 № 340-IX.