bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Some peculiarities of using information and digital technologies when translating diplomatic materials
Authors: Kudelko Zoya
Published: August 2023

Digitization is being actively established in all spheres of social activity, transforming traditional ways of creating, distributing and analyzing information. Diplomatic activity has not become an exception in the processes of actualization of the digital space, gradually involving ICT tools in its practice. The study is focused on highlighting the implementation of digital innovations in diplomacy under the conditions of permanent influence of socio-cultural factors. The modern world is dynamic and developing at a high speed; therefore the trends of promotion or hindrance to digitization, which is used directly in the translation of diplomatic texts, change rapidly depending on many factors (socio-political, socio -economic, cultural, etc.). The purpose of the study is to understand the effectiveness of the use of information and digital technologies in the translation of diplomatic texts. The need for new media, translators and means of translation is noted, which will be in demand under the conditions of total globalization and informatization of the current socio-cultural space. Digitization has demonstrated the expediency of its use in diplomatic activity in general, so it is evident that this process will be extended to highly specialized clusters, including the translation of diplomatic texts. The research methodology is based on a combination of the use of general scientific and scientific-linguistic methods, due to which a comprehensive study of digitization algorithms in diplomatic translation was carried out. In addition, a scientific-synergistic approach is actively used, which ensures interaction between digital, linguistic, diplomatic and cultural-historical dimensions, which are actualized in scientific intelligence. Elements of novelty of the research focus on the interpretation of information and digital technologies in the context of their involvement in the process of diplomatic translation. Conclusion. Therefore, the ICT segment is actively gaining positions in diplomatic activity, fully meeting the trends of modern socio-cultural development. In a practice-oriented environment, diplomatic translation activities successfully use online resources to improve the quality and availability of translated materials. However, the digital segment is positioned as an auxiliary element or an alternative to traditional translation models, using a wide range of digital tools: online translators, artificial intelligence, interactive dictionaries, etc
Linguistic and methodological support of developing academic writing skills of phd medical students
Authors: Bebykh Valentyna , Rak Oleksandr
Published: August 2023

The article presents the linguistic and methodical support of the process of mastering the skills of English-language academic writing by students of the third (educational and scientific) level of higher education "Doctor of Philosophy". The work is focused on the development of linguistic methodological support for the formation and development of skills related to English-language academic writing for medical purposes. Pedagogical resources for the formation of the necessary skills are based on multi-genre written discourses of various formats. The set of educational texts and tasks was developed in accordance with structural-semantic and genre-compositional features using certain language models and structures of a scientific and professional nature. The presentation of linguistic material is carried out with the help of certain language models and structures in various communicative situations in the form of persistent non-phraseological turns. The aim of the work is to investigate the predominant learning strategies used in English-language medical discourse, with the ultimate goal of developing supporting materials that will be useful to graduate students in achieving the necessary functional and discursive competence. Materials and methods. The study is based on a learning model that includes linguistic and methodological support for English-language academic medical writing and strategies for teaching English-language academic writing. This model involves the use of pedagogical resources as the basis of learning and the use of genre and functional approaches as an integrated component of the complex methodical support of the process of forming English-language academic writing skills of postgraduate medical students and developing their discursive competence. The research used the method of formal analysis, structural and comparative methods. Conclusions. The development of educational and methodical materials was carried out in two planes: linguistic and methodical, in particular, speech schemes for the organization of information in various types of educational texts were selected in accordance with the genre varieties of written forms of the scientific English-language style, and appropriate methodological recommendations for their assimilation were developed
Literary reception of the poetics of S. Vorobkevych's poetic works through the prism of Osip Makovey's research
Authors: Nykyforuk Tetyana , Andriyets Valeriyа
Published: August 2023

Literary reception of the poetics of S. Vorobkevych's poetic works through the prism of Osip Makovey's research. Goal. In the segment of the study of the literary reception of the poetics of S. Vorobkevich's poetic works, analyze the literary and critical materials of O. Makovey (“Literary heritage according to Izidor Vorobkevich”, “Izidor Vorobkevich”, “General notes on the poetry of Izidor Vorobkevich”), published in the first few decades after the writer's death. Research methods are predetermined by the purpose and tasks of the work, the object of research and are complex. The hermeneutic method and the method of slow reading (the method of receptive poetics) were practiced, aimed to reveal S. Vorobkevych artistic means, interpret his works. Comparative and comparative historical methods are used to reveal the influence of other authors on the poetics of Bukovynian writer. Biographical method makes it possible to find out the dependence of S. Vorobkevych’s views on poetics on the life basis. Scientific novelty. The peculiarities of the development of poetics of poetry of S. Vorobkevych on the basis of certain its elements (generic, metaology, poetic syntax, phonics, versification) in the diachronic aspect were determined for the first time in Ukrainian literary studies in the given thesis. For this purpose, the scientific literature related to the study of elements of poetics of poetry works by S. Vorobkevych has been analyzed. The author’s approach on the form of poetic text is studied. The role of extraneous influences on poetry of S. Vorobkevych in the aspect of poetics is determined. Conclusions. The study of publications related to the topic of the study showed that the most valuable of them are the materials of O. Makovey, V. Lesyn and O. Romanets, P. Nykonenko, M. Bondar, P. Nykonenko. The results obtained are an important material for expressing our knowledge of the poetics of S. Vorobkevych's poetic works; they are the material for comparison with the similar material on the artistic nature of Y. Fedkovych’s poetic works. On the basis of revealing common features, taking into account the data of other Ukrainian poets of the region of this period it becomes possible to get a general picture of the poetics of domestic poetry works in Bukovyna in the second half of the nineteenth century.
The fall of the oligarchic ownership of the Kyosogi family in the second decade of the 14-th century. Causes and analysis
Authors: Kazakov Oleksandr
Published: August 2023

The article is devoted to the period that ended the age of dynastic confrontation in the Hungarian kingdom and became decisive for the establishment of the power of the new Anjou dynasty, which in the future had a significant impact on the political life of Eastern Europe and Italy. A dangerous precedent - the division of power and territories of the kingdom within the ruling family during the reign of King Bela IV led to a decline in the prestige of the royal power and brought about a tectonic split in the ruling states of the state. The hypothetical renaissance of the Бrpбd monarch's prestige and royal power, which took place during the reign of King Andrбs III, ended with his untimely death, plunging Hungary into years of dynastic strife. Research methods. First of all, comparative-historical and structural-systemic methods of analysis, methods of induction and deduction, problem-chronological method of presenting the material were used. Scientific novelty. The outlined problems have not been considered in historiography before. Conclusions. In the autumn of 1300, probably none of those who met the small honor of the minor Neapolitan prince Charles Robert, who had previously been excluded from the right to inherit his Italian possessions, had no doubt that he would repeat the fate of his predecessors and become an obedient tool in the hands powerful subjects, such as Shubych, Kyosogi, Chak, etc. However, during the ten years of his reign, Charles I Robert managed to consolidate in his hands the power necessary to destroy powerful oligarchic possessions, among which the province of the Kyosogi family was one of the most powerful. Therefore, the fall of the power of this family became one of the milestones of the destruction of oligarchic possessions by Karl I Robert, which was a prelude to the onset of the period, which in Hungarian historiography was called the "Golden Age".
Military command of military-economic formations in Ukraine in the first half of the 19th century as an element of the top of the military-political elite
Authors: Tsubenko Valeriia
Published: August 2023

The article examines and analyzes the history of the formation and development of the military command of military-economic formations in Ukraine in the first half of the 19th century. Research methods. An important aspect of the methodological basis is the use of general scientific and special scientific methods: analysis and synthesis, historical, biographical, classification, problem-chronological. Scientific novelty is that for the first time the military leadership of military-economic formations in Ukraine, participation in the development and implementation of projects on the organization of military settlements of cavalry have been comprehensively investigated. Among the higher military and political command, an experienced commander, cavalry general, intelligence officer, earl Ivan Witt (1781–1840) was chosen to implement the plan to create settled structures on the territory of Ukraine. Conclusions. So, the data we obtained allow us to state that the cavalry general, scout, earl Ivan Witt entered the structure of the military and political elite in Ukraine in the first half of the 19th century. An important initial indicator of military-political "elitism" was the ownership of great counts and princes. Earl I. Witt became one of the most influential and trusted military leaders of the governments of Emperors Alexander I and Nicholas I, received a number of awards. He proposed measures to improve the military-settlement system in Ukraine. Thanks to his experience, professionalism, initiative and brilliant organizational skills, commanding skills of a military leader and charisma, the cavalry settlement quickly switched to food from the land at a lower cost than the infantry settlement
Historical and bibliographic study of the staff of the Department of Medical Chemistry (period 1979–1985)
Authors: Perepelitsa Olesya , Bratenko Mykhailo , Diychuk Iryna
Published: August 2023

The article continues the work on the analysis of the main stages of the activity of the Department of General Chemistry after its merger with the Department of Biological Chemistry, in particular, the period from 1979 to 1985. The purpose of scientific research is to highlight the bibliographic data of specialists with chemical qualifications during the period of existence of the structural division called “Department of Medical Chemistry”, which was headed by prof. Kovtunyak M. A. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to eliminate the gap in the historical path of scientific and pedagogical personnel with chemical qualifications during their stay in the department of medical chemistry. The method of work is related to the analysis of historiographic publications, and archival materials and interviewing the employees of the department during the described period of work. The bibliography of specialists with chemical qualifications with at least 25 years of work experience at the educational institution is highlighted and the personal contribution of each to the development of the Chernivtsi State Medical Institute is specified. Conclusions. The biographical data of the teachers of the chemical qualification of the Department of Medical Chemistry of the Chernivtsi State Medical Institute in the period 1979–1985 are highlighted.
History of electrophysiological research from “Animal Electricity” by L. Galvani to electrical potentials by V. Chagovts
Authors: Tymofiychuk Inga , Semenenko Svitlana
Published: August 2023

The development of physiology as an independent science is closely related to electrophysiology. The regularities formulated in this section are important for understanding the regularities of the functioning of internal organs. The section of electrophysiology includes the study of excitability processes, the formation of rest and action potentials, the mechanisms of muscle contraction, the conduction of excitation along nerve fibers, the mechanisms of conduction of excitation through synapses. The work of all internal organs is based on electrophysiological principles, since excitable tissues are part of the functioning internal organs. Both students of medical universities and working doctors will find it useful to get acquainted with this material, which determines the relevance of the work. We set the aim of the article is to analise the historical stages in the formation of electrophysiology as an independent section of physiology. Metodology of the study is realized mainly with the help of descriptive and historical methods. The novelty of the study. The article states that the presence of “animal electricity” was first noticed by Luigi Galvani. Further studies conducted by Volt, Matteucci, Dubois-Raymond expanded the understanding of the mechanisms of conducting excitations on the neuromuscular elements of the body. Attention is drawn to the role of Ukrainian physiologists who made an important contribution to the scientific heritage. Thus, V. Chagovts discovered the fundamental laws of potential formation and the basis of excitability, the concept of a critical level of depolarization. Conclusions. The resulting patterns are fundamental even today. The data presented in the article expand knowledge of the physiology of excitable tissues and provide an opportunity to form a more complete picture from this section.
Features of the digitalization of the educational and methodological cluster of the scientific and pedagogical expert
Authors: Panasenko Nadiia , Skakun Ihor
Published: August 2023

The purpose of the study is to highlight the specifics of the implementation of the principles of digitization of the educational and methodological work in a scientific and pedagogical worker. In the modern educational environment, the digital arsenal is effectively used by scientific and pedagogical specialists in their professional activities. Therefore, an urgent question arose regarding the arrangement of the educational and methodological cluster under the requirements of educational strategies. The research methodology uses general scientific methods of scientific and pedagogical discourse, among which we note: analysis, systematization, modeling, and forecasting. Also, scientific and philosophical methodological synergistic principles are used in the scientific article, which allows us to correlate of the use of digital resources with traditional elements of the educational and methodological segment. Elements of the novelty of scientific intelligence are the need to agree on the principles of digitization among all key clusters of higher education. Digitization should be considered a complex mechanism of the work of a teacher at a higher education institution since the innovative paradigm of modern education extends to all segments - educational and methodological, research and organizational. Synergistic interaction allows us to bring to a common denominator the features of digitization of the educational-methodological cluster with all other components of the work of a higher school teacher. This approach ensures an increase in a scientific and pedagogical worker's general level of professional competencies. Conclusion. Therefore, in the modern educational and methodological paradigm, the principles of digitalization are actively implemented, which, in combination with traditional resources, form an effective format for implementing the professional competencies of a scientific and pedagogical specialist
Dominant research interests of Ilarion Slynko
Authors: Kulbabska Olena , Shatilova Nataliіa
Published: August 2023

The relevance of scientific research is determined by the importance of the scientist's scientific heritage as a separate milestone in the history of Ukrainian linguistic science. The purpose of the scientific work is to determine the main facets of the scientific and scientific-methodical activity of the outstanding Ukrainian grammarian and linguodidact of the founder of the syntactic school of the Chernivtsi University Professor I. I. Slуnko. The research methodology is based on general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as on specific linguistic methods ‒ descriptive with methods of classification and generalization of linguistic facts, logical comparison. Conclusions. Scientific achievements of Professor I. I. Slуnko (19.06.1912–01.01.1994) played an indisputable role in the development of linguistic studies not only in Bukovina, but also in Ukraine. In particular, two directions in the creative heritage of the scientist - the field of modern and historical syntax - are interconnected and complement each other, expressing the genesis of the formation of the syntactic system of the Ukrainian language on a national basis and the author's desire to preserve Ukrainian identity in the system of means of expressing thought. Promising are further studies of the linguistic personality of Ilarion Ilarionovуch Slуnko in all its manifestations ‒ temporal, spatial, evolutionary, cultural and aesthetic, status and social, linguoculturological, etc.
Oxymoron as a cognitive-pragmatic phenomenon in the Оlga Kobylyanska’s artistic discourse
Authors: Rusnak Yulia
Published: August 2023

Oxymoron as a linguistic phenomenon is characteristic primarily of artistic speech. There are different interpretations of this concept in the linguistic literature. Oxymoron is interpreted as a stylistic figure, a rhetorical form, a means of artistic expression (trope). The purpose of the article is to analyze the oxymoron as a cognitive-pragmatic phenomenon in the artistic discourse of Olga Kobylyanska. The relevance of the article is determined by the need of further in-depth study of Olga Kobylyanskaya idiostyle in order to form a cognitive-pragmatic conception of the writer's artistic discourse. The novelty of scientific research is due to the fact that the oxymoron as a cognitive-pragmatic phenomenon in the artistic discourse of Olga Kobylyanska has not yet been the subject of thorough research. Research methods. In the article as the main general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis are used, as well as linguistic – descriptive, structural and comparative and historical methods. Conclusions. So, an oxymoron as a cognitive phenomenon consists in the implementation of opposite, mutually exclusive relations of linguistic units due to the so-called cognitive dissonance, which determines its pragmatic value for the reader. In the artistic discourse of O. Kobylyanska oxymoronic units of different nature function; oxymoronic relations function at the level of a word combination, a sentence structure on a linguistic unit (composite).
Intensive course of ukrainian language as a foreign language as a cultural intelligence achievement
Authors: Anistratenko Antonina
Published: August 2023

Teaching the Ukrainian language as a foreign language at Ukrainian universities of medical and natural sciences is currently at the stage of forming the main methodological and educational principles. The purpose of the article is to outline and clarify the basic principles of language education in the conditions of an intensive course and to refine the function of cultural intelligence in this process. Considering the methodological and pedagogical situation in terms of "supply and demand", we have a rather small corpus of educational and methodological literature on the Ukrainian language as a foreign language, which forms the novelty of the article. These problems of a general nature are related to the relatively short history of teaching the discipline in our country. However, alongside the general and organizational problems of teaching the Ukrainian language to foreign citizens, there are highly specialized tasks today. Current special problems of teaching include the following: comparing the "discipline", "subject" and "course" of the Ukrainian language, the cross-cutting problem of teaching methods for different age and national groups of students, and also the issue of methodological support for teaching. The methodology of the article is based on descriptive and comparative methods. Conclusions. It should be noted that when interacting with representatives of their own culture, people intuitively use a set of social signals, most of which are unconscious. On the contrary, when a person encounters a new culture, the signals and information that worked before lose their meaning. In new cultural situations, there is a feeling that the behavior of others is incomprehensible. People with highly developed cultural intelligence are able to analyze such situations and make appropriate adjustments to their attitudes and behavior in the context of different cultures. Such an analysis and correction of one's own behavior helps the formation of a single conscious complex of characteristics that make up cultural intelligence, which is qualitatively formed and determined during the study of an intensive course of the Ukrainian language as a foreign language.
The Dance – tension of communication in literature
Authors: Darabus Carmen
Published: August 2023

The aim of investigation: is the role of dance as social coagulation and background for intense feelings, in connection with the new branch of neuroscience. The method of research: is a comparative one, choosing writer from different cultural spaces and epochs: Gustave Flaubert, Henrik Ibsen, Nikos Kazantzakis, Liviu Rebreanu, L. N. Tolstoi. Conclusion: neurosciences analyze the intersection of corporal contact with the control of movements, learning by imitation, emotional expression and the psycho-dynamic of subliminal. The article analyzes the function of emotional communication by dance, with reference to Dionysian manifestation of art, and to neuroscience. The authors and the works to which it refers are: Madame Bovary by Gustave Flaubert, A doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen, Anna Karenina by L. N. Tolstoy, Ciuleandra by Liviu Rebreanu and Zorba the Greek by Nikos Kazantzakis - three female characters and two male character. Their common element it is the feeling of an internal liberation and the communication of an erotic tension, the fusion with the person you love and with the universe
Polish patriotic poetry of Bukovina of the End of XIX – early XX centruries (on the base of lyric works by Priest Jуzef Janiszewski and Aleksander Morgenbesser)
Authors: Sliusar Oleg
Published: August 2023

The article analyzes the Polish poetic works of Bukovina of the late 19th – early 20th century by priest Jуzef Janiszewski and Alexander Morgenbesser, as well as their influence on the patriotic education of the younger generation of Poles who lived in the occupied lands of Galicia, Bukovina and other regions of Central and Eastern Europe. The analysis of this issue led to the use of the following research methods, among which the chronological analysis made it possible to classify the poetic works of these authors, taking into account typical, for a certain era, genres in Polish literature; the method of theoretical analysis, combined with practical aspects, made it possible to establish the influence of Polish literature on the Polish-speaking population of Bukovina in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the Polish literature of Bukovina of the late 19th – early 20th century and its representatives Jуzef Janiszewski and Alexander Morgenbesser are analyzed. Conclusions. The analysis clearly indicates the significant influence of the poetic works of the priest Jozef Janiszewski and Alexander Morgenbesser on the patriotic mood of the Poles in the late 19th – early 20th centuries.
THE ROLE OF MELATONIN IN COMPLICATED PREGNANCY
Authors: Pushkashu A. , Semeniak A.
Published: August 2023

Introduction. In recent years, there have been significant changes in the understanding of the hormone melatonin (MT). It has been confirmed that the processes of conception, pregnancy, and childbirth directly depend on the rhythm and level of MT secretion, but there is no general concept that could describe in detail the mechanisms of influence on ontogenesis.The aim of the study. To assess MT in the blood of pregnant with retrochorial hematoma (RCH) up to 12 weeks of pregnancy.Material and methods. Two groups were formed: 1st comprized 40 pregnant women with RCH, 2nd, control consisted of 44 healthy pregnant. Obstetric research, enzyme immunoassay to determine MT, and ultrasound were performed.The approval of the scientific work was obtained from the Bioethical Commission of the Bukovinian State Medical University (Ukraine).Statistical analysis was performed according to generally accepted methods of variational statistics.The work is a fragment of the research work “Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the perinatal period and the reproductive system of women and adolescent girls” (No. 201110Н, state registration number 0111U006499).Results. A significant decrease of MT in the 1st group and the dependence of its level on the size of the RCH was revealed: in the case of hematomas up to 1 cm MT (59.31±10.32 pg/ml) (р ˂ 0.001), which is not observed in hematomas more than 1 cm, which are dangerous for pregnancy (93.98±14.52 pg/ml), which may indicate a compensatory increase in MT; and the term of pregnancy (in 10-12 weeks 79.03±9.61 pg/ml (р ˂ 0.05), in 5-6 weeks 93.78±17.44 pg/ml).Conclusions. In cases of RCH up to 1 cm the content of MT decreases with the development of pregnancy, which can be used as a prognostic marker for the diagnosis of pregnancy complications. The increase in the level of MT with RCH more than 1 cm can be considered as a compensatory increase for the preservation of pregnancy and a regulatory influence on the further course of pregnancy.
PECULIARITIES OF THE COURSE OF THE DISEASE IN WOMEN WITH COVID-19
Authors: Moskaliuk V. , Yuzko O. , Dubyk L. , Chernetska N.
Published: August 2023

One of the most crucial topics at the moment is the viral infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, which has acquired not only medical, but also, of course, social significance. The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged healthcare systems around the world.Pregnant women are the most vulnerable category of people, along with the elderly. Due to low immune reactivity, they are more susceptible to severe complications than others, which makes the problem of pregnancy in patients with COVID-19 a pressing issue.A successful pregnancy requires changes in the immune system of the pregnant woman to tolerate a genetically foreign fetus. These changes in the immune system, as well as in the cardiac, pulmonary, and other systems, can lead to increased susceptibility or increased morbidity and mortality due to infection during pregnancy. Considering the physiological adaptations associated with pregnancy, we found that the high metabolic demand to maintain normal intrauterine development increases the burden of oxidative stress during pregnancy. Intracellular redox changes associated with acute phase reactions at the maternal-fetal interface may be enhanced during pregnancy. Notably, mother-to-fetal transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has not been detected in most COVID-19 pregnancies. This relative absence of vertical transmission may be due to the presence of lactoferrin in the placenta, amniotic fluid, and breast secretions. However, the cytokine storm induced during COVID-19-associated pregnancies can cause severe inflammatory damage to the fetus and, if left uncontrolled, can subsequently lead to autism spectrum disorders and brain developmental abnormalities in newborns. Given this serious health threat to a child's growth and development, preventing COVID-19 during pregnancy should be a priority.We aimed to study risk factors and assess the course of pregnancy in women with COVID-19.The study was carried out within the framework of the research work "Clinical and pathogenetic substantiation of differentiated treatment of combined pathology of internal organs" (№0122U002209).
DIFFICULTIES IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF COARCTATION OF THE AORTA IN THE NEWBORN IN THE EARLY NEONATAL PERIOD: ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL CASES
Authors: Gonchar M. , Boichenko A. , Kondratova I. , Ponomar B.
Published: August 2023

Introduction. The problem of diagnosing coarctation of the aorta in the early neonatal period is still relevant and presents certain difficulties due to the peculiarities of hemodynamic adaptation to extrauterine life.The aim of the study is to evaluate own clinical observations with emphasis on the difficulty in diagnosing coarctation of the aorta in neonates in the early neonatal period and to perform differential diagnosis with coarctation (pseudocoarctation) of the aorta.The study was carried out according to the ethical norms and principles for conducting medical researches involving human subjects.The research was conducted within the framework of the National Development Program of the Department "Quality of life and course of somatic diseases in children under conditions of social stress", implementation period 2023-2025, state registration number: 0123U101768.Results. The article presents two clinical observations: the first case is a newborn with coarctation of the aorta in a non-emergent state during the first days of life in the presence of evictive morphological changes of the descending aorta; the second case is a newborn with clinical signs of hemodynamic disorders with diagnosed hemodynamic pseudocoarctation (kinking) at the stage of hemodynamic adaptation to extrauterine life. Adequate medical support helps to avoid the development of a serious, potentially dynamic hemodynamic situation.Conclusions. Diagnosis of critical coarctation of the aorta in newborns has certain difficulties associated with the peculiarities of hemodynamics in the early neonatal period and the functioning of fetal communication. In order to avoid mistakes in the diagnosis of the emergency of the defect and to perform timely surgical intervention, dynamic monitoring of blood pressure and saturation indicators of the upper and lower extremities, central hemodynamic parameters is necessary. Differential diagnosis of coarctation of the aorta with kinking (pseudocoarctation) of the aorta should be based on the results of dynamic monitoring of pressure gradient in the descending part of the aorta with control of blood pressure and saturation in the four limbs during the neonatal period.
TRAJECTORIES OF SERUM 25(OH)D IN CHILDREN WITH PARALYTIC SYNDROMES WHEN USING VITAMIN D FROM DIFFERENT MANUFACTURERS AND IN DIFFERENT DOSES
Authors: Riga O. , Mikhaylova O.
Published: August 2023

The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency varies significantly in different subpopulations of children depending on age and diseases, and recommendations for their correction in children with paralytic syndromes are limited.Aim. Empirical determination of blood 25(OH)D trajectory in children with paralytic syndromes when using vitamin D from different manufacturers and in different doses.Material and methods. The 25(OH)D (ng/ml) of blood serum was analyzed by immune-enzymatic method "Labline-90" (Austria) with the test system "Monobind Inc." (ELISA, USA) in 77 children with paralytic syndromes aged 1-18 years, a repeat study after vitamin D3 supplementation was conducted in 36 children. The rate of increase in 25(OH)D concentration per month was calculated. Methods of descriptive statistics, non-parametric correlation analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used with MedCalc Statistical Software (Belgium).This study was approved by the Ethics Committee (protocol No. 5, October 2021), which was conducted with the involvement of minor patients and did not contain measures that could harm their health.The research was carried out within the framework of the Department of Pediatrics of Kharkiv National Medical University "Medical and social aspects of adaptation of children with somatic pathology in modern conditions" (state registration number 0120U102471, 2020).Results. Vitamin D insufficiency was diagnosed in 17% of children with paralytic syndromes, and vitamin D deficiency in 73%, so daily doses of 2000-4000 IU of vitamin D3 from different manufacturers were recommended at the discretion of the parents for 6 months. In reality, children received doses from 500 to 5000 IU randomly, from 2 to 7 months. Doses were stratified as greater than 2000 IU and less than 2000 IU. If the child received a dose of 2000 IU or more, the rate of increase of 25(OH)D in the blood in children was 3.6 ng/ml per month, if the dose was less than 2000 IU - 1.6 ng/ml per month.Conclusions. Children with paralytic syndromes should be screened and monitored for serum 25(OH)D levels. With a serum 25(OH)D level of less than 20 ng/ml, daily administration of vitamin D3 in a dose of at least 2000 IU for at least 6 months allows reaching a 25(OH)D level of 30 ng/ml in most of them. Further large-scale studies are needed to supplement current recommendations for vitamin D3 supplementation in children with paralytic syndromes.
RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH PROLONGED MECHANICAL VENTILATION IN VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANTS
Authors: Menshykova A. , Dobryanskyy D.
Published: August 2023

Introduction. Mechanical ventilation (MV) remains a life-saving intervention for the sickest very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates. Despite the widespread use of non-invasive respiratory support, many VLBW neonates require some duration of MV during their initial hospitalization. As prolonged exposure to MV is associated with adverse outcomes in VLBW infants, it is important to identify the factors that influence the duration of this intervention.The study aimed to determine the factors affecting the duration of MV in VLBW infants.Material and methods. Data from a prospectively created computerized database were used in a retrospective cohort study. The database included information on 1086 VLBW infants < 32 weeks' gestation who were ventilated at any time during their hospitalization at the tertiary care hospital between January 2010 and December 2020. Factors that potentially influenced the duration of MV were examined.The research was carried out in compliance with the requirements of bioethics as part of the planned scientific work of the department (state registration number 0117U001083).The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive and comparative statistics, as well as Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Measurements with normal distribution are presented as mean (standard deviation). Non-parametric continuous data are presented as median (interquartile range). All values were considered significant when p <0.05.The study was carried out as a part of the planned scientific work of the department "Clinical-laboratory and instrumental substantiation of differential approaches to diagnosis, treatment and prevention of childhood diseases" (state registration number 0122U000164) without external sources of funding.Results. According to univariant analysis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (rS=0.32, p<0.05), severe BPD (rS=0.418, p<0.05), pneumothorax (rS=0.06, p=0.05), severe intraventricular hemorrhages (IVH) (rS=0.255, p<0.05), periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) (rS=0.15, p<0.05), sepsis (rS=0.087, p<0.05), necrotizing enterocolitis (rS=0.088, p<0.05), longer duration of antibiotic therapy (rS=0.168, p<0.05), and a lower gestational age (rS=-0.118, p<0.05) were associated with longer duration of MV in VLBW infants. At the same time, BPD (F=18.544, p<0.0001), severe BPD (F=109.810, p<0.0001), severe IVH (F=23.859, p<0.0001), PVL (F=15.031, p<0.0001), and more days of antibiotic therapy (F=13.173, p<0.0001) significantly and independently affected the duration of MV based on the results of one-way ANCOVA.Conclusion. Severe lung and brain injury and prolonged antibiotic exposure were the main risk factors that significantly and independently prolonged MV in VLBW infants.
Le racisme envers les personnes noires durant la petite enfance : l’expérience de familles noires et d’éducateurs de la petite enfance en Nouvelle-Écosse
Authors: Stirling-Cameron Emma , Hickens Nicholas , Watson Crystal , Hamilton-Hinch Barb , Pimentel Milena , McIsaac Jessie-Lee D.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Le racisme envers les personnes noires constitue un déterminant social de la santé qui a des conséquences considérables sur les familles et les enfants noirs. Peu de travaux de recherche ont porté sur le racisme envers les personnes noires durant la petite enfance – une période cruciale du développement. Dans cette étude, nous avons cherché à comprendre comment s’exprimait le racisme envers les personnes noires durant la petite enfance et à en explorer ses conséquences pour les familles et les enfants noirs.

Méthodologie

Notre projet de recherche qualitative s’appuie sur la théorie critique de la race, la théorie critique de la situation des Noirs (appelée aussi Black Critical Theory ou BlackCrit) et la description interprétative. Des éducateurs de la petite enfance et des parents s’occupant d’enfants de 18 mois à 5 ans (n = 15) ont participé à des entrevues semi-structurées en mode virtuel.

Résultats

La conscience du racisme envers les Noirs et la volonté de s’en protéger se sont révélées être des constantes dans la vie des familles noires. Les parents interrogés avaient le sentiment de devoir faire preuve de vigilance extrême par rapport à leurs enfants noirs et de devoir les « surprotéger », sachant qu’ils risquaient de se trouver face à de la violence raciale. Le milieu de garde et d’apprentissage des jeunes enfants constituait une source importante de stress pour les familles, compte tenu du temps que les jeunes enfants y passent. Les enfants noirs étaient souvent pointés comme « différents » dans les lieux où les personnes blanches étaient en nombre supérieur et avaient été traités en objets par certains éducateurs de la petite enfance et des enfants blancs. Les parents déployaient des efforts pour insuffler à leurs enfants la confiance en soi nécessaire à la neutralisation des effets négatifs de la discrimination raciale.

Conclusion

Les résultats de cette étude semblent indiquer que les enfants, dès l’âge de 18 mois, vivent de la violence raciale et des expériences d’adversité. Nos constatations pourraient être utiles à l’élaboration de politiques de lutte contre le racisme et à des efforts ciblés en vue d’une éducation de la petite enfance plus inclusive des enfants noirs et de leurs familles.
Revue systématique et synthèse des articles de presse : création d’un ensemble de données sur les initiatives émergentes et les interventions locales concernant l’offre de toilettes publiques au Canada durant la pandémie de COVID-19
Authors: Leroux Janette , McCullogh Emily
Published: August 2023

Les articles de presse sont une source sous‑utilisée de renseignements locaux sur des questions de santé publique complexes et structurelles qui ne sont pas abordées dans les politiques ou prises en compte dans la collecte de données courantes. Nous avons appliqué des méthodes de revue systématique aux articles de presse en ligne et créé un ensemble de données sur les interventions et les initiatives des municipalités face aux problèmes de toilettes publiques durant la première année de la pandémie de COVID-19. L’utilisation de modèles fondés sur la consommation pour l’usage de toilettes a fait la manchette durant les périodes de fermeture et de confinement. Nos résultats ont montré que de nombreuses municipalités se sont attaquées à ces problèmes, mais largement en usant de mesures temporaires relatives à la pandémie, ne tenant pas compte des besoins des groupes marginalisés.
Katı Faz Fermantasyonunun Çayır Otu Besin Madde İçeriği ve Anti-Metanojenik Özelliklerine Etkisi
Authors: ATALAY Ali İhsan , TOSUN Ramazan , KAYA Ali
Published: August 2023

Bu çalışmada, çayır otunun 3 farklı fermantasyona uğratılarak yem değeri üzerine olan etkisinin tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çayır out; silaj suyu (SS), peynir altı suyu (PAS) ve PAS+SS (1:1) ile %70 nem içeriğinde 30 günlük fermantasyona tabi tutulmuştur. Fermantasyonun 0. 15. ve 30. günlerinde örnekler alınarak kimyasal ve in vitro gaz üretimindeki değişiklikler tespit edilmiştir. Kimyasal analiz sonucunda ham kül içeriği 30. gün örneklerde SS fermantasyonunda artarken, PAS fermantasyonunda azalmıştır. Fermantasyonun NDF ve ADF içerikleri üzerine etkisini 15. gün örneklerde önemli bulunmuştur. Selüloz içeriğine bakıldığında ise SS fermantasyonunda arttığı, PAS+SS fermantasyonunda ise azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Fermantasyonun gaz üretimine etkisi incelendiğinde ise 0. gün örneklere göre SS fermantasyonunda azaldığı, PAS fermantasyonunda ise 15. gün örneklerinde artmasına rağmen 30. gün örneklerinde azaldığı saptanmıştır. SS fermantasyonu % metan üretimini artırırken, PAS fermantasyonu net metan ve % metan içeriğini azaltmıştır. SS ve PAS ile yürütülen fermantasyonların gerçek sindirim derecesi, gerçek sindirilebilir kuru madde, taksimat faktörü, mikrobiyal protein ve mikrobiyal protein sentezleme etkinliği üzerine pozitif etkisi olmuştur. Fermantasyon sırasında açığa çıkan enterik metan hem küresel ısınmaya hem de yemin enerji kaybına neden olmasından dolayı hem çevreciler ve hem de hayvan beslemeciler tarafından arzu edilmemektedir. Metan gazı karbondioksit gazından sonra küresel ısınmaya neden olan ikinci gazdır. SS fermantasyonun metan içeriğini artırdığı, PAS ve PAS+SS ile yürütülen fermantasyonlarda azaldığı saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, katı faz fermantasyonu ile özellikle de PAS fermantasyonu sonucunda çayır otunun içeriğinin iyileştiği söylenebilir.
The Educational Video "Dental Trauma to Primary Teeth” Increases the Awareness of Early Childhood Education School Teachers : An Experimental Study
Authors: Fauziah Eva , Kusumaningrum Astri , Khairani Annisa , Widyagarini Amrita
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: Dental trauma of the primary teeth is more common in boys than in girls, and it frequently affects the maxillary anterior primary teeth. Approximately 25% of schoolchildren worldwide have had dental trauma, although its prevalence varies among different countries.Group education through public lectures, television, community posters, leaflets, or videos can be selected as an educational method. The ineffective management of trauma to primary teeth is related to a lack of awareness among parents, schoolteachers, and health workers. Dental trauma mostly happens when children are at school; therefore, the study was conducted on Early Childhood Education (ECE) teachers' awareness before and after watching the educational video "Dental Trauma to Primary Teeth". The aim of this study is to determine the influence of the video "Dental Trauma to Primary Teeth” on ECE teachers’ awareness. Methods: This study used an experimental study approach by involving 64 ECE school teachers in Jakarta. They watched the educational movie "Dental Trauma to Primary Teeth" for two minutes before spending ten minutes answering questions to evaluate their understanding of dental trauma in children before and after viewing the film. The questionnaire was divided into 2 parts: the first part consisted of questions about sex, age, and education, and the second part consisted of nine questions about dental trauma to primary teeth. The data were analyzed by comparing understanding before and after watching the educational video. Result: There was an increasing percentage (1.5%-15.6%) after giving the video. The difference between the teacher's degree of awareness before and after watching the educational video "Dental Trauma to Primary Teeth" was statistically significant (p≤0.05) Conclusion: Providing children with educational media in the form of a video titled “Dental Trauma to Primary Teeth” is effective and can increase ECE teachers’ awareness of trauma to primary teeth.Keywords: dental trauma to primary teeth, awareness, educational video
Differences in enamel surface hardness between soaking carbonated drinks and application of duck eggshell paste remineralization material
Authors: Mona Deli , Hamidah Izzati , Kurnia Puji , Abdullah Khatijah Lim
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The surface hardness of enamel is affected by demineralization and remineralization of enamel. Demineralization can cause the enamel surface hardness to decrease. Carbonated drinks are acidic drinks which can lower the pH of the oral cavity and cause damage to the enamel. Lost tooth minerals can be restored with remineralizing materials, one of which contains calcium. Natural materials that can help remineralization are calcium carbonate (CaCO3) which can be found in several animal shells such as marine materials, pearl snails and eggshells. Duck eggshell is one of the household wastes which is high in calcium which consists of 94% calcium carbonate. The purpose of this study is to analyze differences in enamel surface hardness between soaking carbonated drinks and application of duck eggshell paste remineralization material. Methods: This type of research is a true experimental laboratory with a pretest-posttest research design with control group design. The study sample was 8 post-extraction premolars that matched the inclusion criteria. The samples were divided into two groups which were previously soaked in carbonated drinks for 15 minutes. Group I: duck eggshell paste and group II: pasta without duck eggshell which was applied for 3 minutes 2 times a day for 14 days. Hardness measurement using Vickers hardness tester. Results: based on data analysis using paired t-test. Enamel surface hardness after immersion in carbonated drinks (mean=327.50 SD=23.33).  The enamel surface hardness increased after application of duck eggshell paste (mean=467.50, SD=14.15) p=0.001. The control group also increased after the application of pasta without duck eggshell (mean=429.40 SD=29.01) p=0.002. Conclusion: There is a difference in the hardness of the enamel surface after being soaked in carbonated drinks and after the application of duck egg shell paste. KEYWORDSdemineralization, enamel surface hardness, carbonated drinks, duck egg shell paste, remineralization.