bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEM VULNERABILITY INDEX TO OIL SPILL: CASE OF PRAMUKA ISLAND AND BELANDA ISLAND IN SERIBU ISLANDS
Authors: Suhery Noveldesra , Damar Ario , Effendi Hefni
Published: October 2017

Vulnerability analysis is one of the methods for determining effective management of coastal and marine resources. Seribu islands potentially affected due to oil spills. The oil spills incident in this area caused by shipwreck from traffic on Tanjung Priok port and ALKI 1, as well as accident of petroleum exploration and exploitation. At least, oil spills in Seribu Islands have been recorded since 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007 and 2008. This study aims to calculate the vulnerability index of Pramuka island and Belanda island in the Seribu Islands. This research was conducted by using a theoretical approach of vulnerability (V), which is a function of exposure (E), sensitivity (S) and adaptive capacity (AC). The parameters in exposure category are tidal type, tidal range, wave height, substrat type, and water depth. Parameters in sensitivity category are growth type of reef, slope, protected ecosystem, coverage percentage, coral density, protected species, and fish abundance. Parameters in adaptive capacity are oil spill contingency system, conservation institution, community response, and economic dependence. Data of each parameter were transformed into a score ranging from 1 to 5. The formula of vulnerability index using addition and subtraction model where; V = E + S – AC.  The results indicate that Seribu Islands have vulnerability status from moderate to high, which 4.15 for Pramuka island and 6.39 for Belanda island.

 
Keywords: vulnerability index, Seribu islands, coral reef, oil spill 
CARRYING CAPACITY OF EAST BEACH OF BULUKUMBA REGENCY FOR MARINE TOURISM ACTIVITIES
Authors: Wahyuni Andi Panca , Yonvitner . , Setyobudiandi Isdradjad
Published: October 2017

The purpose of the study was to assess the carrying capacity of  East Beach of Bulukumba Regency for tourism activities. East Beach was obtained three marine tourism activities namely beach tourism of recreation, snorkeling and diving. Coastal tonamelyurism/recreation categories according to the total length area that utilized around 1.696  m can accommodate 68 people/day, snorkeling tourism around  71.605 m² can accommodate 286 people/day and diving tourism around 98.534  m²  is able to accommodate 394 people/day. Thus the total tourist that can fit to the overall tourism activity around 748 people/day.

 

Keywords : carrying capacity, marine tourism, east beach, Bulukumba regency
CONTAMINATION OF Cd AND Pb ON MILKFISH Chanos chanos CULTURED IN SERIBU ISLANDS, JAKARTA
Authors: Riani Etty , Johari Harry Sudrajat , Cordova Muhammad Reza
Published: October 2017

Seribu Islands located in the north of Jakarta Bay; it is potentially polluted by heavy metal such as Cd and Pb. The aims of this study is to prove contamination presumption, by analyzing and determine correlation Cd and Pb concentration in the sediment, in the water and on milkfish Chanos chanos cultured in this area. On this study, we collected water quality data (pH, temperature, dissolve oxygen and salinity) and heavy metals contamination (Cd and Pb) in the sediment, in the water and on milkfish.  We compare collected data with quality standar and correlate heavy metal concentration between in the water and in the sediment; in the water and on milkfish organ; and, in the sediment and on milkfish organ.  In general, water quality is sufficient enough to support the life of farmed milkfish. Cd and Pb contamination level in the water lied below the quality standard of Ministry of Environment decree No. 51/2004 in the last April and July. However, the contamination exceeds the standard in the last October. The contamination in sediment lied below RNO (1981), EPA (1999) and IACD/CEDA (1997). Gills, viscera and the meat of the milkfish are contaminated with Cd and Pb, yet, still lied below the quality standard of Ministry of Environment Decree No. 51/2004. The results showed that farmed milkfish in Thousand Islands are safe to eat. We also found that the correlation of Cd and Pb contamination between water and sediment is positive. The correlation of Cd is much higher than Pb. The correlation of Cd between water and viscera as well as between sediment and viscera are the most closely related than any other organ.

 
Keywords: contamination, Cd, farming, milkfish, Pb, Seribu Islands
SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS OF MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM FOR ECOFISHERYTOURISM IN SIDOARJO LUMPUR ISLAND
Authors: Prasenja Yanelis , Alamsyah Abimanyu Takdir , Bengen Dietriech G.
Published: October 2017

Sidoarjo Lumpur Island is an artificial island created as a solution to the handling of sediment deposition in Porong River Estuary as a result of the mudflow which flowed into the sea via the Porong River. Lumpur Island is currently utilized as a habitat for mangrove ecosystem extension as well as a site for  aquaculture with wanamina system (silvofishery). Ecofisherytourism is a way to utilize mangrove ecosystem for ponds silvofishery based on educational and economic approach to achieve the welfare of society. In addition, ecofisherytourism has a direct  benefit of preserving nature and the environment. The research objective was to evaluate the condition of the mangrove ecosystem and analyze the physical condition of the Sidoarjo Lumpur Island as a reference in developing the island as ecofisherytourism region. The methods used were a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. Data were collected through analysis of aerial photographs, field measurements, observation and documentation. Mangrove ecosystem conditions in Lumpur Island was classified as good  to be utilized as ecotourism and fisherytourism . The highest elevation of the island is the tidal zone where mangroves grow well.

                                                                                         
Keywords: ecofisherytourism, mangrove, silvofishery
POTENTIAL FISHING GROUND MAPPING BASED ON GIS HOTSPOT MODEL AND TIME SERIES ANALYSIS: A CASE STUDY ON LIFT NET FISHERIES IN SERIBU ISLAND
Authors: Rivai Andi Alamsyah , Siregar Vincentius P. , Agus Syamsul B. , Yasuma Hiroki
Published: October 2017

Information on the spatial and temporal of fishing activity can optimize a fisheries management and increase their economical and biological benefit. For effective management and good understanding of fishing activities, information about fishing ground is crucial. In this study, we aimed to analyze the spatio-temporal of lift net fisheries in Kepulauan Seribu by analyzing their fishing season, investigating their hotspot of fishing ground using GIS-based hotspot model, and mapping the potential fishing ground of each target species. We found that anchovy and scad could be caught throughtout the year, while sardine and squid had high fishing season in west monsoon. Hotspot of fishing ground of lift net fisheries in Kepulauan Seribu waters generally was concentrated around Lancang Island and in southern part of Kotok Island. Potential fishing ground for sardines was located in around Lancang Island on west monsoon. Squids were highly distributed around Lancang Island in December to January and around Lancang and Rambut Islands in November. Anchovy and scad had more potential fishing ground in around Kepulauan Seribu waters.

 

Keywords: fishing ground, lift net, hotspot, fishing season 
Safety and utility of kyphoplasty prior to spine stereotactic radiosurgery for metastatic tumors: a clinical and dosimetric analysis
Authors: Barzilai Ori , DiStefano Natalie , Lis Eric , Yamada Yoshiya , Lovelock D. Michael , Fontanella Andrew N. , Bilsky Mark H. , Laufer Ilya
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of kyphoplasty treatment prior to spine stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in patients with spine metastases.

METHODS

A retrospective review of charts, radiology reports, and images was performed for all patients who received SRS (single fraction; either standalone or post-kyphoplasty) at a large tertiary cancer center between January 2012 and July 2015. Patient and tumor variables were documented, as well as treatment planning data and dosimetry. To measure the photon scatter due to polymethyl methacrylate, megavolt photon beam attenuation was determined experimentally as it passed through a kyphoplasty cement phantom. Corrected electron density values were recalculated and compared with uncorrected values.

RESULTS

Of 192 treatment levels in 164 unique patients who underwent single-fraction SRS, 17 (8.8%) were treated with kyphoplasty prior to radiation delivery to the index level. The median time from kyphoplasty to SRS was 22 days. Four of 192 treatments (2%) demonstrated local tumor recurrence or progression at the time of analysis. Of the 4 local failures, 1 patient had kyphoplasty prior to SRS. This recurrence occurred 18 months after SRS in the setting of widespread systemic disease and spinal tumor progression. Dosimetric review demonstrated a lower than average treatment dose for this case compared with the rest of the cohort. There were no significant differences in dosimetry analysis between the group of patients who underwent kyphoplasty prior to SRS and the remaining patients in the cohort. A preliminary analysis of polymethyl methacrylate showed that dosimetric errors due to uncorrected electron density values were insignificant.

CONCLUSIONS

In cases without epidural spinal cord compression, stabilization with cement augmentation prior to SRS is safe and does not alter the efficacy of the radiation or preclude physicians from adhering to SRS planning and contouring guidelines.
Immunotherapy of Mild Cognitive Impairment by ω-3 Supplementation: Why Are Amyloid-β Antibodies and ω-3 Not Working in Clinical Trials?
Authors: Fiala Milan , Restrepo Lucas , Pellegrini Matteo
Published: October 2017

This article reviews the basic tenets of a clinical approach to effective immunotherapy of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Although one randomized controlled study in early MCI patients by fish-derived omega-3 fatty acids ( ω-3) showed slowing of disease progression, large clinical trials with different products have failed to show cognitive effects. Macrophages of healthy subjects phagocytize and degrade amyloid-β1 - 42 (Aβ) in the brain tissues, whereas macrophages of patients with AD and MCI are functionally defective. ω-3 and ω-3-derived specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs), such as resolvin D1, have powerful biochemical and immunological effects, which may repair the functions of MCI patients’ macrophages in the brain’s clearance of Aβ. Unfortunately, ω-3 products on the market have a variable quality. Nutritional supplementation with a combination drink called Smartfish with an emulsion of ω-3 and other fatty acids, antioxidants, 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3, and resveratrol improved the innate immune system of MCI patients by modulation of macrophage type to the pro-phagocytic M1-M2 type with an effective unfolded protein response against endoplasmic reticulum stress. Some MCI patients maintained their initial cognitive status for three years on Smartfish supplementation. Future randomized clinical trials should investigate the immune effects of ω-3, 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3, and SPMs on macrophage type, function, and biochemistry in parallel with cognitive effects.
The Need to Separate Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Neuropathology from Clinical Features
Authors: Iverson Grant L. , Keene C. Dirk , Perry George , Castellani Rudolph J.
Published: October 2017

There is tremendous recent interest in chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in former collision sport athletes, civilians, and military veterans. This critical review places important recent research results into a historical context. In 2015, preliminary consensus criteria were developed for defining the neuropathology of CTE, which substantially narrowed the pathology previously reported to be characteristic. There are no agreed upon clinical criteria for diagnosis, although sets of criteria have been proposed for research purposes. A prevailing theory is that CTE is an inexorably progressive neurodegenerative disease within the molecular classification of the tauopathies. However, historical and recent evidence suggests that CTE, as it is presented in the literature, might not be pathologically or clinically progressive in a substantial percentage of people. At present, it is not known whether the emergence, course, or severity of clinical symptoms can be predicted by specific combinations of neuropathologies, thresholds for accumulation of pathology, or regional distributions of pathologies. More research is needed to determine the extent to which the neuropathology ascribed to long-term effects of neurotrauma is static, progressive, or both. Disambiguating the pathology from the broad array of clinical features that have been reported in recent studies might facilitate and accelerate research— and improve understanding of CTE.
Alzheimer’s Disease Can Be Spared by Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Authors: McGeer Patrick L. , Guo Jian Ping , Lee Moonhee , Kennedy Krista , McGeer Edith G.
Published: October 2017

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by deposits of amyloid-β protein (Aβ) in brain which become foci of inflammation. Neurons are destroyed by this inflammatory process, leading to the cognitive deficits which define AD clinical onset. Epidemiological studies indicate that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can ameliorate this destructive process if they are started well before clinical signs develop. Biomarker studies indicate that the disease process starts at least a decade before cognitive deficits appear. This pre-clinical onset explains the NSAID effect. It also opens a window of opportunity for preventive treatment that can be met with a simple diagnostic test. Salivary levels of Aβ42 may fulfill that need. They can be measured by a simple ELISA test we have developed using commercially available reagents. By this ELISA test, normal controls, who are not at risk for AD, have levels of Aβ42 close to 20 pg/ml. AD cases, as well as high level controls, secrete levels in the range of 40–85 pg/ml. Widespread application of this test to detect high level controls, followed by NSAID consumption, could substantially reduce the prevalence of AD.
Dominant Centronuclear Myopathy with Early Childhood Onset due to a Novel Mutation in BIN1
Authors: Kouwenberg Carlyn , Bohm Johann , Erasmus Corrie , van Balken Irene , Vos Sandra , Kusters Benno , Kamsteeg Erik-Jan , Biancalana Valerie , Koch Catherine , Dondaine Nicolas , Laporte Jocelyn , Voermans Nicol
Published: October 2017

Autosomal dominant centronuclear myopathy (CNM) caused by mutations in the gene coding for amphiphysin-2 ( BIN1) typically presents in adulthood with progressive muscle weakness. We report a Dutch family with AD CNM due to a novel BIN1 mutation (c.53T>A (p.Val18Glu)), strongly impairing the membrane tubulation activity of amphiphysin-2. The main features were mild proximal weakness with pronounced myalgia, exercise intolerance and large muscle mass, with a childhood onset in the youngest generation and mild cognitive features. This suggests BIN1 mutations should be considered in patients with isolated exercise intolerance and myalgia, even in childhood.
Expanding the Clinical Spectrum of IgLON5-Syndrome
Authors: Wenninger Stephan
Published: October 2017

Anti-IgLON5-syndrome is known to be an antibody-mediated disease that mainly affects central structures in tegmentum and hippocampus and leads to associated symptoms like sleep-related disturbances, parkinsonism, chorea and limb ataxia. This is the first case of a patient with anti-IgLON5-syndrome and generalized fasciculations and neuromyotonic discharges in electromyography, suggesting that a peripheral involvement may occur in anti-Ig-Lon5-syndromes.
Effect of alternate day fasting on markers of bone metabolism: An exploratory analysis of a 6-month randomized controlled trial
Authors: Barnosky Adrienne , Kroeger Cynthia M. , Trepanowski John F. , Klempel Monica C. , Bhutani Surabhi , Hoddy Kristin K. , Gabel Kelsey , Shapses Sue A. , Varady Krista A.
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND:

Alternate day fasting (ADF) is a novel diet therapy that reduces body weight, but its effect on bone health remains unknown.

OBJECTIVE:

This study examined the impact of ADF versus traditional daily calorie restriction (CR) on markers of bone metabolism in a 6-month randomized controlled trial.

METHODS:

Overweight and obese subjects ( n = 100) were randomized to 1 of 3 groups for 6 months: 1) ADF (25% energy intake fast day, alternated with 125% intake feast day; 2) CR (75% intake every day); or 3) control (usual intake every day).

RESULTS:

Body weight decreased similarly ( P < 0.001) by ADF (–7.8±1.2%) and CR (–8.8±1.5%), relative to controls by month 6. Lean mass, total body bone mineral content and total body bone mineral density remained unchanged in all groups. Circulating osteocalcin, bone alkaline phosphatase, and C-terminal telopeptide type I collagen (CTX) did not change in any group. IGF-1 increased ( P < 0.01) in the CR group, with no change in the ADF or control group. When the data were sub-analyzed according to menopausal status, there were no differences between premenopausal or postmenopausal women for any marker of bone metabolism.

CONCLUSION:

These findings suggest that 6 months of ADF does not have any deleterious impact on markers of bone metabolism in obese adults with moderate weight loss.
The Transfer of Complaint: A Narcissistic Time-Share
Authors: Ronell Avital
Published: October 2017

Reflecting on the debts collected by Shoshana Felman's work, within the theoretical contexts of the time in which the 1977 Yale French Studies issue of ‘Psychoanalysis and Literature’ first appeared, this article takes as its point of departure Lacan's analysis of Hamlet's father as the barred Other, focusing on Hamlet's ‘complaint’. The nature of the complaint (plainte, or Klage, also closely allied to Anklage, or accusation) is then explored in relation to various writers and thinkers — Rilke, Benjamin, Nietzsche, Heidegger, among others — and more specifically via a reading of François Roustang's La Fin de la plainte (The End of the Complaint), and his own interpretations of Freudian narcissism. Scanning the wreckage for which the little narcissists are responsible, the article aims to give more insight into the structuring principles of those who whine incessantly.
Dream Treatment: On Sitting Down to Read a Letter from Freud
Authors: Royle Nicholas
Published: October 2017

This text seeks to analyse a dream in which Freud writes to the author. Particular attention is given to the notion of treatment and, in a memorable phrase from Hélène Cixous, ‘how to treat the dream as a dream’. Royle draws on diverse references (Donald Trump, Hugh Laurie, Howard Jacobson, Wallace Stevens, Jacques Derrida and Cixous), and focuses on a range of Freud's writings (a letter to Thomas Mann, The Interpretation of Dreams, ‘A Disturbance of Memory on the Acropolis’ and ‘A Note on the Unconscious in Psychoanalysis’), in order to explore the relationship between psychoanalysis and literature. Particular attention is given to free association, deferred effect and the epistolary.
An Examination of an Iconic Trap-Neuter-Return Program: The Newburyport, Massachusetts Case Study
Authors: Spehar Daniel , Wolf Peter
Published: October 2017

The use of trap-neuter-return (TNR) as a humane alternative to the lethal management of free-roaming cats has been on the rise for several decades in the United States; however a relative paucity of data from TNR programs exists. An iconic community-wide TNR effort; initiated in 1992 and renowned for having eliminated hundreds of free-roaming cats from the Newburyport; Massachusetts waterfront; is cited repeatedly; yet few details appear in the literature. Although the presence of feline population data was quite limited; a detailed narrative emerged from an examination of contemporaneous reports; extant TNR program documents; and stakeholder testimony. Available evidence indicates that an estimated 300 free-roaming cats were essentially unmanaged prior to the commencement of the TNR program; a quick reduction of up to one-third of the cats on the waterfront was attributed to the adoption of sociable cats and kittens; the elimination of the remaining population; over a 17-year period; was ascribed to attrition. These findings illuminate the potential effectiveness of TNR as a management practice; as well as call attention to the need for broad adoption of systematic data collection and assessment protocols.
Low-Frequency Noise Reduction by Earmuffs with Coir and Coir/Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Polypropylene Ear Cups
Authors: Ang Linus , Tran Le , Phillips Steve , Koh Yong , Lee Heow
Published: October 2017

Natural fibres have been extensively studied due to their potential in a wide range of applications. This study aims to demonstrate the viability of composite earmuffs for low-frequency noise reduction in continuous and transient noise environments. Pink noise and aircraft take-off exterior noise were considered for the former and the latter, respectively. The assembly components of the composite earmuffs were kept identical to a commercial earmuff, which served as a reference for results comparison. Based on the profile of the ear cups from the commercial earmuff, composite ear cups were fabricated from coir fibre and coir/carbon fibre fabrics reinforced with polypropylene. In contrast to the commercial earmuff, the composite earmuffs showed improvements in insertion loss at specific frequencies in the respective noise environments. In pink noise, up to 12 dB improvement in insertion loss was achieved. In aircraft take-off exterior noise, up to 8.6 dB improvement in insertion loss was achieved at 160–544 Hz particularly by the coir fibre-reinforced polypropylene earmuff. Consequently, the proposed earmuffs may find applications in areas where noise exposure is predominantly low-frequency—in some vehicle cabins, at airports, and at construction sites, for example.
Overview of the Model and Observation Evaluation Toolkit (MONET) Version 1.0 for Evaluating Atmospheric Transport Models
Authors: Baker Barry , Pan Li
Published: October 2017

This paper describes the development and initial applications of the Model and Observation Evaluation Tool (MONET) v1.0. MONET was developed to evaluate the Community Multiscale Air Quality Model (CMAQ) for the NOAA National Air Quality Forecast Capability (NAQFC) modeling system. MONET is designed to be a modularized Python package for (1) pairing model output to observational data in space and time; (2) leveraging the pandas Python package for easy searching and grouping; and (3) analyzing and visualizing data. This process introduces a convenient method for evaluating model output. MONET processes data that is easily searchable and that can be grouped using meta-data found within the observational datasets. Common statistical metrics (e.g., bias, correlation, and skill scores), plotting routines such as scatter plots, timeseries, spatial plots, and more are included in the package. MONET is well modularized and can add further observational datasets and different models.
The Production of Curli Amyloid Fibers Is Deeply Integrated into the Biology of Escherichia coli
Authors: Smith Daniel , Price Janet , Burby Peter , Blanco Luz , Chamberlain Justin , Chapman Matthew
Published: October 2017

Curli amyloid fibers are the major protein component of the extracellular matrix produced by Enterobacteriaceae during biofilm formation. Curli are required for proper biofilm development and environmental persistence by Escherichia coli. Here, we present a complete and vetted genetic analysis of functional amyloid fiber biogenesis. The Keio collection of single gene deletions was screened on Congo red indicator plates to identify E. coli mutants that had defective amyloid production. We discovered that more than three hundred gene products modulated curli production. These genes were involved in fundamental cellular processes such as regulation, environmental sensing, respiration, metabolism, cell envelope biogenesis, transport, and protein turnover. The alternative sigma factors, σS and σE, had opposing roles in curli production. Mutations that induced the σE or Cpx stress response systems had reduced curli production, while mutant strains with increased σS levels had increased curli production. Mutations in metabolic pathways, including gluconeogenesis and the biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), produced less curli. Regulation of the master biofilm regulator, CsgD, was diverse, and the screen revealed several proteins and small RNAs (sRNA) that regulate csgD messenger RNA (mRNA) levels. Using previously published studies, we found minimal overlap between the genes affecting curli biogenesis and genes known to impact swimming or swarming motility, underlying the distinction between motile and sessile lifestyles. Collectively, the diversity and number of elements required suggest curli production is part of a highly regulated and complex developmental pathway in E. coli.
The Need for Early Referral: Characteristics of Children and Adolescents Who Are Overweight and Obese Attending a Multidisciplinary Weight Management Service
Authors: Walker Jacqueline , Malley Rebecca , Littlewood Robyn , Capra Sandra
Published: October 2017

There is a need to examine the issue of childhood obesity from a systems perspective. This study aimed to describe the baseline characteristics of children attending pediatric multidisciplinary weight management services and understand how this information will inform future service delivery. A total of 51 children and adolescents who were overweight and obese (27 male) and aged between two and 16 years participated. Body size measures such as body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage were collected. Participants and their parents/guardians also completed questionnaires on dietary intake, behaviors and habits, physical activity and health-related quality of life. A total of 72% of participants were classified as morbidly obese. Adolescents had significantly lower scores for overall diet, physical activity and particular health-related quality of life scores. No significant correlations were found between BMI z-scores and diet, physical activity and health-related quality of life. In adolescents, correlations were detected between dietary scores and health-related quality of life. Results confirm the need to critically examine the current context to adapt and tailor interventions to individual circumstances, and when combined with focused referral, triaging and screening processes, should assist in delivering the right care at the right time.
Microwave-Assisted Dip Coating of Aloe Vera on Metallocene Polyethylene Incorporated with Nano-Rods of Hydroxyapaptite for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Wang Hairong , Zhang Xueliang , Mani Mohan , Jaganathan Saravana , Huang Yi , Wang Chengzheng
Published: October 2017

Bone tissue engineering widely explores the use of ceramic reinforced polymer-matrix composites. Among the various widely-used ceramic reinforcements, hydroxyapatite is an undisputed choice due to its inherent osteoconductive nature. In this study, a novel nanocomposite comprising metallocene polyethylene (mPE) incorporated with nano-hydroxyapaptite nanorods (mPE-nHA) was synthesized and dip coated with Aloe vera after subjecting it to microwave treatment. The samples were characterized using contact angle, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and 3D Hirox microscopy scanning. Contact angle results show that the hydrophilicity of mPE-nHA improved notably with the coating of Aloe vera. The surface topology and increase in surface roughness were observed using the SEM, AFM and 3D Hirox microscopy. Blood compatibility assays of pure mPE and the Aloe vera coated nanocomposite were performed. The prothrombin time (PT) was delayed by 1.06% for 24 h Aloe-vera-treated mPE-nHA compared to the pristine mPE-nHA. Similarly, the 24 h Aloe-vera-coated mPE-nHA nanocomposite prolonged the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) by 41 s against the control of pristine mPE-nHA. The hemolysis percentage was also found to be the least for the 24 h Aloe-vera-treated mPE-nHA which was only 0.2449% compared to the pristine mPE-nHA, which was 2.188%. To conclude, this novel hydroxyapatite-reinforced, Aloe-vera-coated mPE with a better mechanical and anti-thrombogenic nature may hold a great potential to be exploited for bone tissue engineering applications.
Do Seasonal Adjustments Induce Noncausal Dynamics in Inflation Rates?
Authors: Hecq Alain , Telg Sean , Lieb Lenard
Published: October 2017

This paper investigates the effect of seasonal adjustment filters on the identification of mixed causal-noncausal autoregressive models. By means of Monte Carlo simulations, we find that standard seasonal filters induce spurious autoregressive dynamics on white noise series, a phenomenon already documented in the literature. Using a symmetric argument, we show that those filters also generate a spurious noncausal component in the seasonally adjusted series, but preserve (although amplify) the existence of causal and noncausal relationships. This result has has important implications for modelling economic time series driven by expectation relationships. We consider inflation data on the G7 countries to illustrate these results.
Low Light Availability Associated with American Beech Is the Main Factor for Reduced Sugar Maple Seedling Survival and Growth Rates in a Hardwood Forest of Southern Quebec
Authors: Collin Alexandre , Messier Christian , Kembel Steven , Bélanger Nicolas
Published: October 2017

Several recent studies have reported a marked increase in American beech dominance (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) relative to sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) in late successional forests of North America. However, many factors have been proposed to explain this sudden shift in tree species composition. We investigated the microsite factors responsible for maple regeneration failure under maple-beech stands, focusing on both light availability and soil conditions. The survival and growth of maple seedlings planted in the natural soil and in pots with enriched soil were monitored for two years, as well as foliar nutrition and herbivory damages of natural seedlings. The results indicate that low light availability associated with the presence of beech is the primary factor leading to maple regeneration failures. Soil nutrient availability and foliar nutrition of natural seedlings did not differ between forest types. Yet, the results indicate that factors such as allelopathy and preferential herbivory on maple seedlings under beech could be superimposed effects that hinder maple regeneration. Under similar forests, a control of beech sapling abundance in the understory followed by selection cutting could be one way to promote and maintain maple populations in the longer term.
Let Seizing Truths Lie: Witnessing “Factions” in Lauren Slater’s Lying
Authors: Wales Freedman Eden
Published: October 2017

In her memoir, Lying (2000), Lauren Slater fabricates most of her life narrative. Her text frustrates those who resent the combined fact and fiction—or “faction”—that she spins. This readerly response is understandable. Nevertheless, this article maintains that Slater lies in her memoir not to mislead readers but to witness traumas she struggles to access and articulate. Trauma and autobiographical theorists document the necessity of writing through—or “witnessing”—trauma to overcome it. When, however, a narrator is inhibited by what psychiatrists call “psychic constriction” (memory loss due to an inability to reconcile oneself with a painful past), she can become powerless to take the steps necessary to recover, as she cannot convey fully what she has suffered. Such is the case for Slater, who lies to witness ineffable traumas alongside her very inability to witness them. Lying also opens an important question about the reader’s role in traumatic witnessing: how does one respond to the traumatic testimony of an unreliable narrator? In answer, inasmuch as one may resist Slater’s memoir, one also has the ability to enter into and engage in her experience. In presenting this opportunity, Lying offers the writer-narrator and reader-respondent alike, a way to witness trauma together.
The Gulf Coast Health Alliance: Health Risks Related to the Macondo Spill (GC-HARMS) Study: Self-Reported Health Effects
Authors: Croisant Sharon , Lin Yu-li , Shearer Joseph , Prochaska John , Phillips-Savoy Amanda , Gee James , Jackson Daniel , Panettieri Reynold , Howarth Marilyn , Sullivan John , Black Bishop , Tate Joi , Nguyen Dustin , Anthony Amber , Khan Asim , Fernando Harshica , Ansari G. , Rowe Gilbert , Howrey Bret , Singleton Chantele , Elferink Cornelis
Published: October 2017

The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) explosion in 2010 is the largest oil spill (Macondo) in U.S. history. We focused on gaining an understanding of the physical health and mental health effects attributable to the Macondo oil spill. This is a report of a cross-sectional cohort study (wave 1) to establish ‘baseline’ findings and meant to provide descriptive information to be used for a multi-wave, longitudinal study. Gulf Coast Health Alliance: health Risks related to the Macondo Spill (GC-HARMS) uses a Community-Based Participatory Research approach, thus including multi-disciplinary, multi-institutional academic partners and representatives of three communities impacted by the spill. Three research sites were selected for human sampling along the Gulf of Mexico coast including two from Mississippi and one from Louisiana, with Galveston, Texas, serving as a comparison site, given that it was not directly impacted by the spill. One hundred participants were selected from each community, representing adults, seniors and children, with approximately equal numbers of males and females in each group. Participants completed initial assessments including completion of a ‘baseline’ survey and, rigorous physical assessments. Results from wave 1 data collection reported herein reveal changes in self-reported physical health and mental health status following the oil spill, disparities in access to healthcare, and associations between mental health and emotional conditions related to displacement/unemployment. Few environmental health studies have been conducted in communities impacted by significant oil spills. Results imply potential prolonged effects on mental health and community vulnerability.
Cross-Sectional Associations between Home Environmental Factors and Domain-Specific Sedentary Behaviors in Adults: The Moderating Role of Socio-Demographic Variables and BMI
Authors: Compernolle Sofie , Busschaert Cedric , De Bourdeaudhuij Ilse , Cardon Greet , Chastin Sebastien , Van Cauwenberg Jelle , De Cocker Katrien
Published: October 2017

Despite the negative health effects of too much sitting, the majority of adults are too sedentary. To develop effective interventions, insight is needed into home environmental correlates of adults’ sedentary behaviors, and into the susceptibility of population subgroups to these home environmental cues. In total, 559 Flemish adults reported socio-demographics, weight and height, home environmental factors and domain-specific sedentary behaviors. Generalized linear modeling was conducted to examine main associations between home environmental factors and domain-specific sedentary behaviors, and to test the moderating role of socio-demographics and BMI on these associations. In case of significant interactions, stratified analyses were performed. Results showed that, among those who did use a computer/laptop during the last week, a one-unit increase in the number of computers or laptops was associated with 17% (OR = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.02, 1.34) and 24% (OR = 1.24; 95% CI = 1.08, 1.43) more minutes computer time per day, respectively. The proximity of the remote controller (p < 0.001) and the number of televisions (p = 0.03) were positively associated with television time, and the number of motorized vehicles (95% CI = 0.001, 0.12) was positively associated with the odds of participation in transport-related sitting time. The latter two associations were moderated by BMI, with significant positive associations limited to those not overweight. To conclude, home environmental factors were associated with domain-specific sedentary behaviors, especially in healthy weight adults. If confirmed by longitudinal studies, public health professionals should encourage adults to limit the number of indoor entertainment devices and motorized vehicles.
Aircraft Reconstruction in High-Resolution SAR Images Using Deep Shape Prior
Authors: Dou Fangzheng , Diao Wenhui , Sun Xian , Zhang Yue , Fu Kun
Published: October 2017

Contour shapes are important features. An accurate contour shape of a target can provide important prior information for applications, such as target recognition, which can improve the accuracy of target interpretation. In this paper, a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) target reconstruction method is proposed, which can be used to reconstruct the target by using shape priors to perform an accurate extraction of the contour shape feature. The method is divided into two stages. In the deep shape prior extraction stage, a generative deep learning modelling method is used to obtain deep shape priors. In the reconstruction stage, a novel coarse-to-fine pose estimation method combined with an optimization algorithm is proposed, which integrates deep shape priors into the process of reconstruction. Specifically, to address the issue of object rotation, candidate poses are obtained using the coarse pose estimation method, which avoids an exhaustive search of each pose. In addition, an energy function composed of a scattering term and shape term to combine the fine pose estimation, is constructed and optimized via an iterative optimization algorithm to achieve the goal of object reconstruction. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time shape priors have been used to extract shape features of SAR targets. Experiments are conducted on a data set acquired by TerraSAR-X images and the results demonstrate the high accuracy and robustness of the proposed method.
Surveillance Video Synopsis in GIS
Authors: Xie Yujia , Wang Meizhen , Liu Xuejun , Wu Yiguang
Published: October 2017

Surveillance videos contain a considerable amount of data, wherein interesting information to the user is sparsely distributed. Researchers construct video synopsis that contain key information extracted from a surveillance video for efficient browsing and analysis. Geospatial–temporal information of a surveillance video plays an important role in the efficient description of video content. Meanwhile, current approaches of video synopsis lack the introduction and analysis of geospatial-temporal information. Owing to the preceding problems mentioned, this paper proposes an approach called “surveillance video synopsis in GIS”. Based on an integration model of video moving objects and GIS, the virtual visual field and the expression model of the moving object are constructed by spatially locating and clustering the trajectory of the moving object. The subgraphs of the moving object are reconstructed frame by frame in a virtual scene. Results show that the approach described in this paper comprehensively analyzed and created fusion expression patterns between video dynamic information and geospatial–temporal information in GIS and reduced the playback time of video content.
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors for Improving Renal Function in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pisano Anna , Cernaro Valeria , Gembillo Guido , D’Arrigo Graziella , Buemi Michele , Bolignano Davide
Published: October 2017

Background: Accruing evidence suggests that Xanthine Oxidase inhibitors (XOis) may bring direct renal benefits, besides those related to their hypo-uricemic effect. We hence aimed at performing a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to verify if treatment with XOis may improve renal outcomes in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods: Ovid-MEDLINE, PubMed and CENTRAL databases were searched for RCTs comparing any XOi to standard therapy or placebo. The primary endpoint of interest was progression to End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD); secondary endpoints were changes in serum creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), proteinuria and albuminuria. Results: XOis treatment significantly reduced the risk of ESKD compared to the control (3 studies, 204 pts; RR = 0.42; 95% CI, 0.22, 0.80) and also improved eGFR in data pooled from RCTs with long follow-up times (>3 mo.) (4 studies, 357 pts; mean difference (MD) 6.82 mL/min/1.73 m2; 95% CI, 3.50, 10.15) and high methodological quality (blind design) (3 studies, 400 pts; MD 2.61 mL/min/1.73 m2; 95% CI, 0.23, 4.99). Conversely, no definite effects were apparently noticed on serum creatinine, proteinuria and albuminuria. Conclusions: XOis may represent a promising tool for retarding disease progression in CKD patients. Future trials are awaited to confirm the generalizability of these findings to the whole CKD population.
The Relevance of the UPS in Fatty Liver Graft Preservation: A New Approach for IGL-1 and HTK Solutions
Authors: Panisello-Roselló Arnau , Verde Eva , Amine Zaouali Mohamed , Flores Marta , Alva Norma , Lopez Alexandre , Folch-Puy Emma , Carbonell Teresa , Hotter Georgina , Adam René , Roselló-Catafau Joan
Published: October 2017

The 26S proteasome is the central proteolytic machinery of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS), which is involved in the degradation of ubiquitinated protein substrates. Recently, UPS inhibition has been shown to be a key factor in fatty liver graft preservation during organ cold storage using University of Wisconsin solution (UW) and Institute Georges Lopez (IGL-1) solutions. However, the merits of IGL-1 and histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) solutions for fatty liver preservation have not been compared. Fatty liver grafts from obese Zücker rats were preserved for 24 h at 4 °C. Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT), glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), ATP, adenosine monophosphate protein kinase (AMPK), e-NOS, proteasome activity and liver polyubiquitinated proteins were determined. IGL-1 solution prevented ATP breakdown during cold-storage preservation of steatotic livers to a greater extent than HTK solution. There were concomitant increases in AMPK activation, e-NOS (endothelial NOS (NO synthase)) expression and UPS inhibition. UPS activity is closely related to the composition of the solution used to preserve the organ. IGL-1 solution provided significantly better protection against ischemia-reperfusion for cold-stored fatty liver grafts than HTK solution. The effect is exerted through the activation of the protective AMPK signaling pathway, an increase in e-NOS expression and a dysregulation of the UPS.
The Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequences of the Medicinal Plant Forsythia suspensa (Oleaceae)
Authors: Wang Wenbin , Yu Huan , Wang Jiahui , Lei Wanjun , Gao Jianhua , Qiu Xiangpo , Wang Jinsheng
Published: October 2017

Forsythia suspensa is an important medicinal plant and traditionally applied for the treatment of inflammation, pyrexia, gonorrhea, diabetes, and so on. However, there is limited sequence and genomic information available for F. suspensa. Here, we produced the complete chloroplast genomes of F. suspensa using Illumina sequencing technology. F. suspensa is the first sequenced member within the genus Forsythia (Oleaceae). The gene order and organization of the chloroplast genome of F. suspensa are similar to other Oleaceae chloroplast genomes. The F. suspensa chloroplast genome is 156,404 bp in length, exhibits a conserved quadripartite structure with a large single-copy (LSC; 87,159 bp) region, and a small single-copy (SSC; 17,811 bp) region interspersed between inverted repeat (IRa/b; 25,717 bp) regions. A total of 114 unique genes were annotated, including 80 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA, and four rRNA. The low GC content (37.8%) and codon usage bias for A- or T-ending codons may largely affect gene codon usage. Sequence analysis identified a total of 26 forward repeats, 23 palindrome repeats with lengths >30 bp (identity > 90%), and 54 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) with an average rate of 0.35 SSRs/kb. We predicted 52 RNA editing sites in the chloroplast of F. suspensa, all for C-to-U transitions. IR expansion or contraction and the divergent regions were analyzed among several species including the reported F. suspensa in this study. Phylogenetic analysis based on whole-plastome revealed that F. suspensa, as a member of the Oleaceae family, diverged relatively early from Lamiales. This study will contribute to strengthening medicinal resource conservation, molecular phylogenetic, and genetic engineering research investigations of this species.
Endothelial Mesenchymal Transition in Hypoxic Microvascular Endothelial Cells and Paracrine Induction of Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis Are Mediated via TGFβ1/SMAD Signaling
Authors: Sniegon Isabella , Prieß Mona , Heger Jacqueline , Schulz Rainer , Euler Gerhild
Published: October 2017

Cardiac remodeling plays a crucial role in the development of heart failure after mycocardial infarction. Besides cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells are recognized to contribute to cardiac remodeling. We now investigated processes of endothelial mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) in microvascular endothelial cells of rat (MVEC) under hypoxia and paracrine effects on ventricular cardiomyocytes of adult rat. Exposure of MVECs to hypoxia/reoxygenation enhanced TGFβ/SMAD signaling, since phosphorylation, and thus activation, of SMAD1/5 and SMAD2 increased. This increase was blocked by inhibitors of TGFβ receptor types ALK1 or ALK5. Exposure of ventricular cardiomyocytes to conditioned medium from hypoxic/reoxygenated MVECs enhanced SMAD2 phosphorylation and provoked apoptosis in cardiomyoyctes. Both were blocked by ALK5 inhibition. To analyze autocrine effects of hypoxic TGFβ signaling we investigated EndoMT in MVECs. After 3 days of hypoxia the mesenchymal marker protein α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and the number of α-SMA- and fibroblast specific protein 1 (FSP1)-positive cells increased in MVECs cultures. This was blocked by ALK5 inhibition. Similarly, TGFβ1 provoked enhanced expression of α-SMA and FSP1 in MVECs. In conclusion, hypoxia provokes EndoMT in MVECs via TGFβ1/SMAD2 signaling. Furthermore, release of TGFβ1 from MVECs acts in a paracrine loop on cardiomyocytes and provokes apoptotic death. Thus, in myocardial infarction hypoxic endothelial cells may contribute to cardiac remodeling and heart failure progression by promotion of cardiac fibrosis and cardiomyocytes death.