bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bacterial root cancer of cherry in the conditions of the Western part of Azerbaijan
Authors: Huseynova L.
Published: December 2024

Bacterial root cancer or goiter of the root system is a plant disease with symptoms of proliferation of plant stem or root tissues, caused by the transfer of Ti-plasmids from the virulent bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens Conn. into plant cells. The article presents the results of studies of bacterial root cancer of cherries in the conditions of the Ganja-Kazakh geographical zone during 2021—2023. In these years of research, it was found that the disease is widespread in cherry orchards in the western part of the country and severely damages trees. The causative agent of the disease from the soil through wounds and cracks in different parts of the root system penetrates into its cells and the incubation period of the disease begins. It lasts (depending on temperature) 4—7 weeks. The resulting cancer growths do not lead to the rapid death of cherry trees. However, the pathogen suppresses their overall growth, viability and reduces their resistance to fungal and other infections, which leads to a significant decrease in yield, and after a while the energy of the plants is depleted, they gradually dry out and eventually die. The bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens Conn. has been studied in detail in the laboratory over the years of research. We have developed a system of complex agrotechnical methods for combating bacterial root cancer.
Forecasting the phytosanitary state of agrocenoses: innovation developments
Authors: Krut M.V.
Published: December 2024

Goal. Development and implementation of new theories, methods, technologies and models that would allow more reliable forecasting of the development of pests and pathogens of agricultural crops.
Methods. Analysis of innovative development of the Institute of Plant Protection of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine and other institutions of the Scientific and Methodological Center «Protection of Plants» for 2001—2020. Isolation of those relating to the problem forecasting the development of pests and pathogens of plant diseases in agrocenoses of Ukraine.
Results. The concept of formation of the phytosanitary state of crops and plantations under the conditions of climate change has been developed. The theory of the dynamics of the number of locusts and the prediction of emergency situations in the agricultural sphere of Ukraine has been developed. The widespread use of pheromone traps for diagnosing the phytosanitary state of agrocenoses of Ukraine is recommended. The cyclicity of outbreaks of mass reproduction of the Anisoplia austriaca beetle and the European corn borer was established, depending on the amount of solar activity. The possibility of applying GIS-technologies for the analysis of long-term data was studied. Predictive computer programs (models) of harvest shortages of rapeseed, sunflower, corn, sugar beet, and winter wheat from a complex of pests have been developed. An algorithm for the application of information technology programs for the analysis of multi-year dynamics of the phytosanitary state of agrocenoses has been developed. The role of the developed computer model of the development of leaf spots of grain crops in determining the moment for the most effective application of fungicides has been established. Methods of forecasting the development of pathogens of grape diseases in the South of Ukraine have been developed. A system of forecasting the phytosanitary state of agrocenoses of Ukraine in the conditions of the year and planning the implementation of protective measures has been developed.
Conclusions. Innovative developments of the Scientific and Methodological Center «Plant Protection» make it possible to solve the following issues at a modern level: forecasting changes in the agrosphere based on the analysis of a long-term database of hydrothermal conditions and indicators of the phytosanitary state of agrocenoses; prevention of emergency situations in the agricultural sector on the basis of a modern monitoring system using GPS-navigation and the development of regulations for carrying out protective measures; forecasting the development of dangerous pests and diseases of agricultural crops; forecasting crop failures and determining the economic feasibility of chemical plant protection; forecasting the appearance and spread of quarantine pests.
Fluoride vs. Iodine: The Correlation with Hashimoto's Syndrome
Authors: Guimarães Sampaio Trajano Dos Santos Pedro , Scavuzzi Carneiro Cunha Rodolfo , De Queiroz Marques Filho Eudoro , Coelho de Ataíde Filho Ailton , Lessa Cavalcanti de Araújo Vanessa , Tenório Dourado Chaves Adriane , De Sá Rodrigues Verônica Maria , Dos Santos Ferreira Glauco , Coelho Travassos Rosana Maria , Barreto Silva Luciano
Published: December 2024

Objective: To address the correlation between fluoride and iodine, showing how the interaction between them can cause thyroid problems such as Hashimoto's Syndrome. Methodology: In order to provide only relevant, current and scientifically based information, searches were carried out in the following databases to obtain undergraduate theses, master's dissertations, doctorates, post-doctorates and other articles published in magazines, newspapers and other reliable and renowned information bases such as: Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Scielo, PUBMED Central, BVS/BIREME, PROSPERO, Science Direct, Nature in conjunction with Google Academy. Results: Studies show that there is a correlation between high exposure to fluoride and thyroid problems, through evidence that leads to the understanding that fluoride disrupts iodine metabolism, affecting the functioning of the thyroid gland. Conclusion: Iodine is a mineral that is essential for the human body, and it is a major contributor to the thyroid's hormone production. Fluoride is an element used in most toothpastes (fluoridated) and in drinking water in most regions, as it helps prevent tooth decay. Thus, it is seen that both fluoride and iodine have their importance in human life and functioning, however, a lack or excess of them can trigger serious problems, especially in the thyroid gland. Thus, it is seen as a conclusion that fluoride and iodine may be related to Hashimoto's syndrome because both influence the function of the thyroid gland.
Impacto Psicológico do Diagnóstico de Câncer Ginecológico em Gestantes
Authors: Souza Jorge Augusto Soares de , Beltrand Danielly Patrícia de Brito , Castro Larissa Braga , Alexandre Bruna Gabriela Frizzo , Furtado Carlos Estêvão de Souza , Souza Eduarda Stapf Pinheiro de , Santos Daniel Wesley Teodoro , Silva Paulo Eduardo Gomes da , Azevedo Verena Coelho Lobão , Marin Amanda Salvador , Santos Ralf Amaral , Martins Maiara Pereira , Cordeiro Amanda Martins , Fagundes Jéssica Dias , Secundino Deivid Dantas
Published: December 2024

Em meio ao aumento de casos de neoplasias, as ocorrências em mulheres grávidas em idade fértil se sobressaem, acarretando sérias consequências para o seu futuro reprodutivo. Entre as mulheres férteis diagnosticadas com câncer, existe uma pequena, porém relevante, parcela que foi diagnosticada durante a gestação ou que, durante o tratamento ou acompanhamento de uma neoplasia, acabaram engravidando. Assim, o propósito desta pesquisa é realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura dos últimos cinco anos em relação às práticas relacionadas ao diagnóstico de câncer na gravidez. Buscou− se artigos na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS). Foram utilizados os descritores de saúde (DeCS): “Câncer”, Diagnóstico” e “Gestação”. Foram considerados critérios de inclusão artigos em português, inglês e espanhol, disponíveis na íntegra, publicados entre 2014 e 2019. A pesquisa inicial utilizando os descritores resultou na identificação de 12. 377 artigos. Após a implementação dos critérios de inclusão, 11 foram escolhidos como amostra final. A análise da literatura analisada nesta revisão integrativa indica que, de acordo com as evidências encontradas na literatura, a gravidez não acelera o progresso do câncer, estando o prognóstico adverso associado ao estágio avançado do tumor. Além disso, as pesquisas destacam a relevância do diagnóstico antecipado, que pode auxiliar na melhoria do prognóstico de mulheres com câncer durante a gestação. Portanto, enfatiza−se a importância de uma equipe multidisciplinar focada no diagnóstico antecipado.
A DEMOGRAFIA MÉDICA BRASILEIRA COMPARADA AOS EUA E UNIÃO EUROPEIA: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Authors: Silva Mariano Liz , Meireles Franklin Matheus Lucas , Augusto Colla Mauricio , Rodrigues Borges Maria Eduarda , Moita Sant'Anna Guilherme , De Lima Filho Antonio Vidal , Bonfá Camillo Bruno Rheuly , Durães de Araújo Jade Luiza , Silva de Melo Brenno , Vieira Santos Daniel , Souza de Vasconcelos Rhuan Pablo , Vasconcelos Perboni Marianna
Published: December 2024

O estudo aborda a demografia médica no Brasil, comparando-a com os cenários dos Estados Unidos (EUA) e da Europa, analisando distribuição, densidade e formação de médicos. No Brasil, o número de médicos mais que dobrou entre 2000 e 2023, passando de 219 mil para 562 mil profissionais, com densidade atual de 2,6 médicos por 1.000 habitantes. Esse crescimento resulta da expansão de vagas em cursos de medicina, principalmente em instituições privadas, impulsionadas pela Lei dos Mais Médicos de 2013. Contudo, persistem desafios como a concentração de médicos generalistas devido ao gargalo vagas nas residências e questões relacionadas à qualidade na formação desses profissionais. A metodologia se baseou na análise dos dados disponíveis no livro Demografia Médica no Brasil de 2023 e em artigos disponíveis na plataforma PubMed. Nos EUA, prevê-se uma escassez de 139.160 médicos até 2030, mesmo com o aumento no número de formados ainda há limitação de vagas em programas de residências. A densidade atual é de 2,64 médicos por 1.000 habitantes, semelhante à brasileira. Na Europa, a densidade média em 2017 era de 3,5 médicos por 1.000 habitantes, acima da média brasileira e americana. O Brasil caminha para alcançar uma densidade médica em países desenvolvidos até 2030, com projeções de 4 médicos para 1.000 habitantes. Contudo, persistem desafios como a má distribuição regional, baixa qualidade na formação e escassez de especialistas. As políticas públicas precisam alinhar a expansão da força de trabalho à melhoria na formação e à distribuição equitativa, garantindo maior eficácia e mais vagas para especialização.
HUBUNGAN PERAN KADER DENGAN GANGGUAN KOGNITIF PADA LANSIA
Authors: Meliana  , Suaib  , Maharani Farah Dhifa Dg. Masikki
Published: December 2024

Fenomena yang sering terjadi pada lanjut usia (Lansia) salah satunya gangguan kognitif, hal ini terjadi seiring dengan bertambahnya usia. Deteksi dini gangguan kognitif merupakan langkah awal dan dibutuhkan peran kader untuk mengenali tanda-tanda awal gangguan kognitif. Studi pendahuluan mengatakan bahwa lansia sering bingung memahami instruksi yang telah diberikan oleh kader, kesulitan dalam aktifitas sehari hari sehingga menyebabkan ketergantungan terhadap orang lain. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan peran kader dengan gangguan kognitif pada lansia. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh lansia yang terdaftar di 28 Posyandu lanjut usia di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Palolo sebanyak 130 orang pada tahun 2024 dan jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 57 responden, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel puposive random sampling. Analisis menggunakan uji statistisk Chi-Square Test. Hasil uji statik chi-square menunjukan nilai p=0,013 (p<0,05). Kesimpulan ada hubungan peran kader dengan gangguan kognitif pada lansia.Kata kunci: Gangguan kognitif; Lansia; Peran kader
HUBUNGAN MEROKOK DAN PAPARAN POLUSI DENGAN PENYAKIT BRONKHITIS DI RSUD KABUPATEN SORONG
Authors: Rizqi Alvian Fabanyo  , Solikhah Mar’atus , Yusuf Frita Fauzi , Sairmau Gerson Titus
Published: December 2024

Penyakit bronkitis saat ini diderita oleh sekitar 64 juta orang di dunia. Faktor risiko utama yang berkontribusi terhadap penyakit ini meliputi perilaku merokok dan paparan polusi udara. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan merokok dan paparan polusi dengan penyakit bronkhitis di RSUD Kabupaten Sorong. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode cross sectional. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 144 pasien yang berobat ke Poliklinik RSUD Kabupaten Sorong. Instrumen menggunakan kuesioner. Analisa data menggunakan uji Chi Square dan Uji Fisher. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan ada hubungan antara merokok dengan penyakit bronkhitis di RSUD Kabupaten Sorong Tahun 2022 dengan nilai P value = 0,00 atau < nilai α = 0,05. Sedangkan, tidak ada hubungan antara paparan polusi dengan penyakit bronkhitis di RSUD Kabupaten Sorong Tahun 2022 dengan nilai P value = 0,728 atau > nilai α = 0,05. Disarankan untuk meningkatkan edukasi mengenai bahaya merokok dan menyediakan layanan konseling berhenti merokok di Rumah Sakit.
IBN KHALDUN'S EDUCATIONAL THOUGHTS AND THEIR RELEVANCE TO ISLAMIC BASIC EDUCATION
Authors: Ikhsan Moh. Hayatul
Published: December 2024

This research focuses on Ibn Khaldun's thoughts about education and its relevance to the basic education system. In the development of education in Indonesia, secular thinking dominates, which results in the breakdown of the unity of personality. Ibnu Khaldun, apart from being a scientist and historian, was also a phenomenal figure in Islamic education. This research describes the concept of education according to Ibn Khaldun, including educational objectives, students, educators, learning methods, curriculum, and educational environment. The research method used is literature study with reference to Ibn Khaldun's phenomenal work, namely the book "Al-Muqaddimah," as well as other books that examine his thoughts. The main conclusion from this research is that there is relevance between Ibn Khaldun's concept of education and the national education system, especially basic education, so that this idea can be a reference for the development of basic education in Indonesia.
THE INFLUENCE OF ACCOUNTABILITY, TRANSPARENCY, AND PROFESSIONALISM OF INSTITUTIONS ON THE LEVEL OF MUZAKKI'S TRUST IN PAYING ZAKAT AT LAZISNU DIY
Authors: Adamy M. Fikrul Humam , Faozi Mohammad , Gustanto Edo Segara , Kamilulloh Farhan
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of accountability on the level of trust of Muzakki in Paying Zakat at PWNU Care LAZISNU DIY (Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, the influence of transparency on the level of trust of muzakki in paying zakat at PWNU Care LAZISNU DIY, the influence of professionalism on the level of trust of muzakki in paying zakat at PWNU Care LAZISNU DIY, and the influence of accountability, transparency, and professionalism on the level of trust of muzakki in paying zakat at PWNU Care LAZISNU D.I.Y. This research falls under the category of quantitative research, where the study is associated with numbers, tables, and graphs, utilizing the SPSS 26 tool to determine the results of validity tests, reliability tests, multiple linear regression, t-tests, F-tests, and coefficient of determination (R2). The sample used consisted of 83 Muzakki with a random sampling technique, and a questionnaire was employed as the data collection method. The results of this research indicate that accountability, transparency, professionalism, and accountability have a significant negative effect on the level of trust of Muzakki. Additionally, the variables of Accountability, Transparency, and Professionalism of the institution collectively and significantly influence the Level of Trust of Muzakki.
FROM HOME TO PUBLIC SPACE: The Role Of Women In The Qur'anic Perspective
Authors: Khodijah Dedek Nursiti , Alif Utama Mohamad Maulidin , Nurrochim Zuni , Santi Nani Endri , Nurhanifah Nurhanifah , Milia Islamia Alvi Jamia
Published: December 2024

Feminism among Muslims has become a topic of interest due to globalization. The value of gender equality is upheld in Islam, emphasizing women's rights and egalitarianism. Women play an important role in society, both in social, economic and political contexts. In Islam, the Koran provides comprehensive guidance regarding the rights and obligations of women. A deep understanding of the verses of the Koran regarding women is very important to respond to the challenges they face in the public sphere. The aim of this research is to analyze the role of women from various sectors from the perspective of the Qur'an. This research method is a literature review which collects data and analyzes data from library sources related to the role of women in the Qur'an. The results of this research are that there are differences of opinion, the Koran allows women to participate in public spaces, with certain conditions. However, women's main role as mothers and wives should not be ignored, because this is their intrinsic nature.
ISLAM AND MARXISM FROM TAN MALAKA'S PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Elfi Elfi , Siregar Ghazali
Published: December 2024

This study examines Tan Malaka's thoughts on the relationship between Islam and Marxism, two ideologies often perceived as contradictory. Tan Malaka, a revolutionary figure and Marxist in Indonesia, demonstrates that he does not view these ideologies as mutually exclusive but rather sees potential for them to complement each other in the struggle for social justice and equality. In his works, Tan Malaka integrates Islamic values such as social justice with Marxist concepts such as resistance against capitalism. This article employs qualitative methods and a literature review to explore how Tan Malaka unified these ideologies within the context of the revolutionary struggle in Indonesia.
ОБСТАНОВКА ВЧИНЕННЯ ЗЛОЧИНІВ, ПОВ’ЯЗАНИХ З ТОРГІВЛЕЮ ЛЮДЬМИ, ЯК ДЖЕРЕЛО КРИМІНАЛІСТИЧНО ЗНАЧИМОЇ ІНФОРМАЦІЇ
Authors: Тимчук О. В.
Published: December 2024

Стаття присвячена розкриттю особливостей змісту обстановки вчинення злочинів,пов’язаних з торгівлею людьми, та взаємопов’язаних елементів як джерела криміналістично значимої інформації. Зазначено, що з криміналістичного погляду обстановку вчинення кримінального правопорушення варто розуміти як систему різних взаємодіючих між собою до і в момент вчинення кримінального правопорушення об’єктів, явищ і процесів, які характеризують місце, час, інші умови навколишнього середовища, особливості поведінки учасників протиправної події, психологічні зв’язки між ними й інші чинники об’єктивної реальності, які визначили можливість, умови й інші обставини вчинення, тобто не викликає заперечень той факт, що обстановка вчинення як криміналістична категорія має досить складну структуру. Наголошено, що відомості щодо обстановки вчинення злочинів, пов’язаних з торгівлею людьми, відіграють важливу роль для висунення обґрунтованих версій, складання конкретного плану розслідування, визначення кола осіб, причетних до вчинення, використання типових даних, які складають криміналістичну характеристику цього виду злочинів, визначення типової слідчої ситуації для розслідування конкретного кримінального провадження; встановлення можливих очевидців захоплення, переміщення й утримання викраденої людини, оскільки обстановка вчинення злочину містить у собі слідове відображення механізмів підготовки,
вчинення та приховування вчиненого злочинного діяння. Підсумовано, що початковий етап розслідування кримінальних проваджень злочинів, пов’язаних з торгівлею людьми, групами характеризується мінімумом вихідної інформації щодо обстановки вчинення, оскільки: практично майже всі сліди цього злочину є ідеальними; вчинення таких злочинів характеризуються нетривалим періодом часу в частині захоплення потерпілої особи, саме тому не всі особи, які перебувають на місці вчинення, стають його очевидцями та/або усвідомлюють це; очевидці злочину намагаються ухилитися від дачі показань, тому що бояться помсти з боку злочинців; дії потерпілих і злочинців не завжди вказують на здійснення злочинів, пов’язаних з торгівлею людьми, що забезпечує злочинцям можливість робити подібні діяння в разі значного скупчення людей; швидкі й добре організовані дії злочинців також сприяють зменшенню кількості слідів досліджуваних злочинів, зокрема ідеальних.
ВПЛИВ ЛЕГІТИМНИХ ОЧІКУВАНЬ ІНОЗЕМНИХ ІНВЕСТОРІВ НА СВОБОДУ ЗАКОНОТВОРЧОСТІ:
УКРАЇНСЬКА ПЕРСПЕКТИВА
Authors: Наконечний В. В.
Published: December 2024

У статті розглянуто вплив легітимних очікувань іноземних інвесторів на свободу законотворчої діяльності в Україні. Метою дослідження є аналізування впливу міжнародних інвестиційних угод (МІУ) та концепції легітимних очікувань на здатність держави впроваджувати законодавчі реформи.
Досліджено теоретичну й практичну (рішення арбітражних трибуналів) базу та застосовано загальнонаукові методи для виокремлення основних характеристик легітимних очікувань як частини стандарту справедливого й неупередженого ставлення (FET), передбаченого МІУ. Проаналізовано приклади, коли законодавчі зміни в Україні вступали в конфлікт із легітимними очікуваннями іноземних інвесторів. У статті зроблено висновок, що ігнорування легітимних очікувань іноземних інвесторів може призвести до міжнародно-правової відповідальності, фінансових зобов’язань і зниження інвестиційної привабливості держави. Надано рекомендації для українських законодавців щодо узгодження законодавчих реформ з міжнародними зобов’язаннями щодо дотримання прав інвесторів з метою уникнення потенційних конфліктів.
АНАЛІЗ РІШЕНЬ ЄСПЛ ЗА 2019–2024 РОКИ У СПРАВАХ ЩОДО ЗАХИСТУ ПРАВ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ЖУРНАЛІСТІВ НА СВОБОДУ ВИРАЖЕННЯ ПОГЛЯДІВ
Authors: Тиравський В. І.
Published: December 2024

Стаття присвячена аналізу рішень Європейського суду з прав людини за 2019–2024 роки у
справах щодо порушення прав українських журналістів на свободу вираження поглядів згідно зі
статтею 10 Європейської конвенції з прав людини. Розглянуто ключові аспекти балансу між правом на свободу вираження поглядів і захистом репутації та конфіденційності за допомогою прецедентів у справах «Editorial Board of Grivna Newspaper v. Ukraine», «Agentstvo Televideniya Novosti, OOO v. Ukraine», «Sedlets’ka v. Ukraine» та «Volodymyr Torbich v. Ukraine». У статті виявлено основні проблеми національного правозастосування в судових справах проти журналістів, охоплюючи недотримання принципу пропорційності обмежень і санкцій, а також недостатню аргументацію рішень національних судів. Основна увага зосереджена на практичному значенні рішень Європейського суду з прав людини для покращення доступу журналістів до суспільно важливої інформації, захисту журналістських джерел і встановлення стандартів щодо свободи вираження поглядів у демократичному суспільстві. Розроблено рекомендації для вдосконалення правозастосовної практики в Україні, які охоплюють реформу законодавства, посилення судового контролю за втручанням у професійну діяльність журналістів і впровадження міжнародних стандартів. Результати дослідження можуть бути використані для гармонізації українського законодавства з європейськими нормами та розвитку демократичних інститутів у контексті євроінтеграції.
НАУКОВО-ПРАКТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ТЕОРІЇ КРИМІНАЛІСТИЧНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ СЛІДЧОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: Ієрусалимов І. О. , Кравчук П. Ю.
Published: December 2024

Стаття присвячена розгляду складової загальної теорії криміналістики – теорії криміналістичного забезпечення слідчої діяльності, яка має відповідний прикладний характер, а зміст її предмета визначається науково-прикладним криміналістичним знанням. Наголошується, що серед спеціальних наук, які розробляють науково-практичні аспекти слідчої діяльності, визначальне місце належить насамперед криміналістиці. Вона одночасно з окремими проблемами розробляє й деякі загальні, які мають практичне значення для всіх або більшості органів, що ведуть боротьбу зі злочинністю. У цьому разі йдеться про прикладні аспекти наукових даних, що одержує криміналістика і тим самим робить свій внесок для розвитку й удосконалення юридичної практики, для вирішення безпосередньо практичних питань. Зазначається, що однією із функцій науки криміналістики є практико-прикладна функція, яка полягає у втіленні теоретичних результатів науково-дослідної діяльності в слідчу практику за допомогою створення нових засобів, прийомів, методів, способів організації та раціоналізації в усіх сферах слідчої діяльності.
Отже, наука криміналістика виконує роль поновлення, зміни, покращення процесу розслідування злочинів та умов усього кримінального судочинства, а практико-прикладна функція науки криміналістики знаходить свій прояв у дослідженнях прикладного характеру, результатом яких стає створення конкретних приладів, інструментів, засобів, матеріалів, методів, технологій попередження, розкриття та розслідування злочинів. Розробка науковоприкладного криміналістичного знання як елементу науки криміналістики супроводжується залученням до слідчої діяльності об’єктивних можливостей науково-технічного потенціалу суспільства й одержанням потрібного ефективного результату за допомогою прикладного криміналістичного дослідження та науково-практичної криміналістичної розробки.
USE OF SOYBEAN PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY IN THE PRODUCTION OF HEALTH PRODUCTS
Authors: Kolianovska Liudmyla , Nysterenko Iryna
Published: December 2024

Trends in the development of modern food technologies are aimed at expanding the range of health products. Against the backdrop of popularization and awareness of healthy eating, the population needs new products that would meet the nutritional needs of the body, be inexpensive and enrich the daily diet.
Among the proteins of plant origin, soy proteins are the most complete and can serve as an alternative to animal proteins to some extent. Soybeans contain 2 times more protein than bird, fish and animal meat. Soy protein is 2 times cheaper than wheat protein, 14 times cheaper than dairy protein, and more than 21 times cheaper than meat protein. It is this fact that has led to a 7-fold increase in global soybean production over the past 70 years.
That is why one of the areas of production of new food products is the use of the basic legume representative – soybeans.
The paper presents the development of protein and vitamin concentrate technology and formulations of health products based on soy.
The research was conducted using the following methods: causal analysis, experimental, economic and statistical, calculation and design, and logical generalization.
As a result of the study, practical recommendations have been developed on the technology of protein and vitamin concentrate and formulations of health products based on soybeans, which allow expanding the range of products for this purpose. The technical specifications «Soybean food products» TU U10.8-24824144966-002: 2021 were also developed and included in the database «Technical Specifications of Ukraine».
The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the development of protein-vitamin concentrate technology and formulations of health products based on soybeans approved by the technical specifications. The research results show the possibility of expanding the use of soy-based health foods in the production of health foods, which allows to increase the range of soy products with improved chemical composition.
MATHEMATICAL SIMULATION OF THE WORKING PROCESS OF THE GAS-DIESEL CYCLE IN THE CYLINDERS OF THE POWERTECH 6068HF250 ENGINE
Authors: Lysenko Roman
Published: December 2024

Today, a trend has been established to expand the use of dual-fuel diesel engines, which is due to their greater efficiency and reduction of toxic emissions into the environment, in particular nitrogen oxides NOx. Modern data from academic research allow us to assert the prospects for the development of the use of gas-diesel engines in agriculture, but there is still no systematic approach to the use of this type of fuel technology. The mathematical model of the working cycle of a gas-diesel makes it possible to determine the optimal indicators in different modes of its load.
The purpose of the research: Calculate and analyze the thermal characteristics of the PowerTech 6068HF250 engine using the Hrynivetskyi-Mazing method in the Mathcad environment.
The main results of the study: The initial performance parameters of the PowerTech 6068HF250 engine in the gas-diesel engine mode turned out to be similar to the performance indicators of this engine in the pure diesel mode. An increase in engine power was detected when using a fuel mixture. The most promising alternative source in the dual-fuel system was the use of liquefied petroleum gas, due to the wide availability of this type of fuel, its economy and the possibility of minimal conversion using gas cylinder equipment up to the 4th generation. The existing data of scientific research by domestic and foreign scientists allow us to state the prospects for the development of the use of gas-diesel engines, but today there is no systematic approach to the use of this type of fuel equipment in agriculture. However, the conversion of serial diesel engines in agricultural tractors to dual-fuel systems with partial replacement of diesel fuel with reduced petroleum gas, which is the most effective way in terms of economy and operational characteristics, remains an open question.
The conclusion of establishing a rational mode of power rationing makes it possible to reduce the dose of spent gas fuel to such an amount that the power is equal to the nominal one.
PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS REGARDING OPERATION
OF THE COMPLEX OF TECHNICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL SUPPLY OF ENERGY AND RESOURCE-SAVING PRODUCTION OF LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS AT THE ENTERPRISES OF THE AGRICULTURAL COMPLEX
Authors: Solona Olena , Polievoda Yurii , Tverdokhlib Igor , Kuzemskyi Vitalii
Published: December 2024

The article provides practical recommendations regarding the operation of the complex of technical and technological support for energy- and resource-saving production of animal husbandry products at enterprises of the agro-industrial complex. Recommendations are given regarding the operation of heat and mass exchange equipment in the fractional processing of perennial legumes, equipment for pressing in the technology of preparing concentrated fodder and adaptive vibration mill in the technology of preparing concentrated fodder.
Therefore, the specified recommendations determine the important role of repair services of enterprises in ensuring the production of their products, but the level of technical equipment of these units, their organization and management is currently lower than in the main production. As a result, the labor intensity of repairs increases, especially unplanned and complex ones, during which various parts of technological equipment (mechanical, electrical and electronic) are restored, repair costs increase and there is a significant overspending of various types of resources. This is a consequence of the established traditions, when the repair service of machine-building enterprises, which is related to auxiliary production, is given less attention than to the main production.
The article also considers general recommendations that are implemented during the operation of equipment for the production of livestock products at enterprises of the agro-industrial complex. The service life of the equipment largely depends on the maintenance personnel's strict compliance with the operating rules, careful handling and clean storage of machines and devices. It has been established that from 50 to 80% of all accidents occur as a result of violations of operating rules.
PREDICTION AND MONITORING OF ANIMAL HEALTH USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Solona Olena , Lisovyi Dmytro
Published: December 2024

Farm animals, which number more than 70 billion worldwide, are increasingly kept on large, intensive farms. Currently, there are no scientifically based “benchmarks” for quantifying transient physiological (affective) states in farm animals, and there are no established indicators, only indicators of poor condition, such as injury, pain, and fear. Traditional approaches to monitoring animal health are time-consuming, interrupt agricultural processes, and involve subjective judgment. Biometric sensor data supported by artificial intelligence is a smart new solution for covert animal monitoring, but its potential for quantifying physiological states and innovative solutions in its application have not yet been realized. This review presents innovative methods for collecting large amounts of data on the condition of farm animals that can be used to train artificial intelligence models to classify, quantify, and predict the physiological states of farm animals. By extending this to the group level, artificial intelligence can be applied to model emotional dynamics and contagion among animals. Digital twin models open up new data-driven approaches to modelling animal behaviour and physiological state. By displaying the information and predictions of the digital twin in an intuitive way on an interactive dashboard, caregivers will be better informed about their animals, enabling them to respond quickly and effectively to reduce pain and ensure animal welfare. Further research in this area can be aimed at developing and improving data analysis algorithms and expanding the range of measured parameters.
GRAIN TRANSPORTATION IN THE PROCESS OF ITS POST-HARVEST PROCESSING
Authors: Tverdokhlib Igor , Kovalchuk Oleg , Spirin Anatoly , Pavlenko Vladyslav
Published: December 2024

To ensure high productivity of grain cultivation, it is necessary to use energy-efficient equipment at all stages of the technological process and to have high-quality seed material. After growing the crop, it must be processed and delivered to the consumer. The quality of the material, in particular the seed, depends on many factors, one of the main ones being its injury.
In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to determine the sources of injuries, their causes, as well as to develop and implement organizational, technological and technical measures to eliminate them. Most of the consequences of grain injury are hidden and do not appear immediately. most occurs during its contact with the metal working bodies of machines.
Operations aimed at preliminary processing and subsequent storage of grain are important stages of the entire technological process of post-harvest processing, because the suitability of grain for storage and, accordingly, the supply of consumers with seed and food material depend on them.
The technological scheme, in accordance with which the grain will be brought to a state that will ensure its quality storage, depends on many factors, such as natural and climatic conditions, the provision of the farm with appropriate means, etc.
All technological operations are accompanied by the movement of grain by various means of transport, sometimes these means perform the role of cleaning machines. In addition, it is important to use grain throwers, which, in addition to transport functions, partially carry out the separation and drying of grain.
The scale of seed damage depends on the design and operational parameters of the machine, the state of the seed mass, as well as the characteristics of the grain variety. Belt grain throwers without appropriate design are only suitable for processing feed grain. As for work with seed material, they need to be modernized to eliminate existing shortcomings.
PROCESSING OF MEAT PRODUCTION WASTE INTO ANIMAL FEED
Authors: Huts Viktor , Volynets Yevhenii
Published: December 2024

During the slaughter and primary processing of animals, production of sausages, canned food, medicines and other products, meat processing plants, meat processing shops, slaughterhouses and other enterprises working with meat raw materials receive a significant amount of raw materials that are considered production waste - non-food raw materials. According to sanitary requirements, it cannot be used for food purposes. It is processed into animal feed or utilized. The amount of non-food meat raw materials ranges from 12...30% of the live weight of animals in meat and fat production during primary processing of livestock and 2...10% in the production of semi-finished products and sausages. It quickly deteriorates, becomes biohazardous, and loses quality. Therefore, if accumulation is necessary, non-food meat raw materials should be stored separately, not in contact with the environment, polluting it and negatively affecting workers. Processed non-food meat products such as industrial fat and dry animal feed also require special storage conditions.
Depending on the capacity of the enterprise, the amount of meat raw materials unsuitable for food purposes, the technical equipment of the production, and the economic feasibility of its processing, different technologies and, accordingly, different processing equipment are used. It should ensure high-quality processing of a wide range of different types of meat, and be maximally adapted to the formation of technological lines with closed transport devices.
Processing must be carried out in compliance with veterinary and sanitary rules and legal requirements. It is only possible to design modern technological lines for processing meat production waste into animal feed in accordance with the existing environmental safety requirements based on the results of new scientific research and the introduction of innovative engineering developments.
METHOD OF MEASURING OZONE CONCENTRATION DURING DRYING OF WALNUTS IN A VIBRATORY DRYER
Authors: Tsurkan Oleh , Spirin Anatoly , Prysiazhniuk Dmytro , Didyk Andrii
Published: December 2024

From a botanical point of view, walnuts belong to the genus Juglans, which has more than 20 different species. The name of this genus comes from the Latin phrase "iovis glans", which translates as "Jupiter's acorn". Walnut kernels are used in many industries - in medicine, food and perfume industries. With the addition of hard fruit shells, the technological process of tanning leather is carried out. The pericarp, due to its high iodine content, is used to dye fabrics in various shades of brown, as well as for medical purposes. Walnut shells are used to make activated carbon, grinding stones, linoleum, etc. Currently, Ukraine occupies the sixth-eighth position in the world ranking in terms of walnut cultivation, production and export. Over the past 30 years, an average of almost 90,000 tons of nuts have been produced per year. China is the world's leading producer and exporter of walnuts in shell, with over 705,000 tons per year. The top three countries are the United States and Iran, with over 405,000 tons and 256,000 tons respectively. Turkey, Burkina Faso and Mexico are also among the world's leading producers of walnuts. Almost 60% of walnuts in shell are grown and produced in Asia, 25.5% in South and North America. Europe produces 14.4%, Africa 3% [1-3].
Based on the results of previous studies, which established the prospects for using vibration effects on the processed medium during drying, as well as ozone during dehumidification of various agricultural raw materials, we developed the idea of combining vibration technologies and ozonation, which we implemented in a vibration dryer for processing walnuts with an ozone-air mixture.
ANALYSIS OF THEORETICAL STUDIES OF DEVICES FOR DOSING AND MIXING NUTRIENT SOLUTIONS
Authors: Stadnik Mykola , Babyn Ihor , Luts Pavlo , Ripa Serhiy
Published: December 2024

Fertigation systems play an important role in greenhouse crop production, which allow combining irrigation and fertilization processes, providing optimal plant nutrition. The main task of such systems is accurate dosing and uniform mixing of nutrient solutions, including different types of fertilizers, with water. Fertigation technology makes it possible to significantly reduce the loss of water and fertilizers, as well as to increase the efficiency of their use at various stages of plant growth. However, the effectiveness of these systems depends on the quality of the mixing and dosing devices, which must ensure the uniform distribution of nutrients in the solution.
Today, there are different designs of mixers for the preparation of nutrient solutions: mechanical mixers with moving elements and static mixers that use hydraulic flows for mixing. Mechanical mixers are suitable for solid and hard-to-dissolve fertilizers, but their operation is complicated by the presence of moving parts. Static mixers are easier to use and have no moving parts, making them efficient and reliable for fertigation systems.
The analysis of theoretical studies of devices for dosing and mixing nutrient solutions, in particular, jet mixers that work according to the static principle, has been carried out. The considered devices for preparing liquid mixtures are of the ejector type, on the basis of which many modern systems are built. The main attention is paid to the calculations of the optimal geometrical parameters of jet dispensers-mixers. The theoretical studies of most scientists are focused on determining the injection coefficient — as a key parameter that determines the efficiency of mixing and dosing. Theoretical approaches also include models of turbulent particle transport and semi-empirical equations to evaluate mixing quality. However, the issue of practical assessment of the quality of multi-component mixer-dispenser mixtures remains insufficiently studied.
ANALYSIS OF MODERN METHODS OF TRANSPORTATION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS BY SPIRAL-SCREW TRANSPORTERS
Authors: Shtuts Andrii , Hryhorenko Nazar , Kolisnyk Mykola , Hryhorenko Oleksandr
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of modern methods of transporting agricultural products using spiral-screw conveyors. The agriculture of Ukraine and the world needs effective technical means capable of comprehensively providing transportation, loading, unloading, storage and processing of various types of products, including bulk, liquid and semi-liquid materials. The research indicates that the existing means do not fully satisfy the requirements for productivity and versatility, as they are metal- and energy-intensive and do not always meet the conditions of complex production tasks.
Special attention in the work is paid to promising designs of rodless spiral-screw conveyors, which have increased compactness, energy efficiency, and the ability to transport materials with different physical and chemical properties. The proposed research is based on experimental methods and modeling of the transportation process, which allows to evaluate the parameters and mode of operation of conveyors in different conditions. In addition, analytical expressions are provided for determining performance and calculating optimal parameters that improve planning accuracy and reduce costs.
Research results demonstrate the possibility of creating resource-saving technologies for transporting agricultural materials, which ensures increased efficiency in production processes. The proposed innovations are of great importance for the agricultural industry, as they contribute to the development of a modern material and technical base and increase the competitiveness of agricultural products.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF OPERATIONAL RELIABILITY OF GROUND-BASED NAVIGATION SYSTEMS
Authors: Melnyk Viktoriya , Gnateyko Nona , Boyko Galyna , Kosova Vira
Published: December 2024

The theoretical justification for improving the effectiveness of vibration isolation for navigation equipment by reducing the natural frequency of the elastic suspension through the use of an additional electromagnetic loading system on the moving part is presented. An overview of the main elements of primary sensors and vibration protection systems for reproducing vibrations is provided. It is emphasized that vibration isolation of navigation equipment in the low-frequency disturbance range, typical for terrestrial carriers, is a crucial component in preventing emergency situations on airborne and marine vessels.
A detailed calculation scheme for a vibration test stand using vertically installed flat springs is presented. Relationships between the natural frequency of the suspension and the system parameters are determined. One method for reducing the natural frequency of an elastic suspension on flat springs is analyzed. The calculation scheme for the suspension with vertically installed elastic springs is outlined.
The stability conditions of the linear system, which depend on the amplitude of oscillations, are analytically investigated. It is emphasized that there is no translational movement of the suspension other than the chosen one. It is proposed to consider the calculation scheme of the suspension in the absence of dry friction. The structural component of the magnetic system is analyzed. The system of dispersive fluxes and their concentration in the air gap is outlined.
An analysis of the compensatory nonlinearity of the stiffness characteristic of elastic elements is carried out. The reduction of distortions in the shape of the moving oscillations of the moving platform in the horizontal plane is analyzed. Stiffness characteristics of the suspension with a magnet for several actual values of kkk and δ\deltaδ are provided. Experimental calculations demonstrate that this vibration isolation system for navigation equipment leads to a significant reduction in the natural frequency of the suspension, ensuring its operational reliability and maximum prevention of low-frequency horizontal vibrations.
WAYS TO INCREASE THE INTENSITY OF THE WALNUT DRYING PROCESS
Authors: Tsurkan Oleh , Spirin Anatoly , Didyk Andrii , Bondarenko Mykola
Published: December 2024

Drying is the most important process in the processing of plant products, including walnuts. Convective heat dryers are the most common in agriculture due to their high energy efficiency, relative simplicity of design and reliability in operation. Modern serial convective dryers consume 5-7 times more energy than an "ideal" dryer. Intensification of the drying process can be carried out in two main ways – by increasing the temperature difference between the drying agent and the material and improving the heat exchange conditions between them. When drying walnuts, the most acceptable way is to increase the heat exchange coefficient between the coolant and the nuts. To accomplish this goal, the authors suggest applying a vibrational effect to a layer of nuts. The versatile direction of the vibration action makes it possible to reduce the aerodynamic resistance of the layer, increase the contact area of the material and the drying agent, and turbulize the boundary layer between them. To implement the presented provisions, a fundamentally new structural and technological scheme of a convective-vibration dryer was proposed. The innovative approaches used in its functioning made it possible to improve the quality indicators of walnuts in the process of storage and processing. The use of a complex convective-vibration method of drying walnuts made it possible to reduce the value of energy for the evaporation of 1 kg of moisture to 3.9 MJ compared to 5-6 MJ for modern serial dryers. The results of the production inspection confirmed the correctness of the proposed approaches. Further research in the intensification of the convective-vibration dryer should be aimed at determining the rational parameters of the vibration effect, choosing a compromise solution between the costs of implementing vibrational vibrations of the walnut layer and the energy spent on their creation.