bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Dry Noddles with Additional of Pedada (Sonneratia caseolaris) Mangrove Flour as Alternative Food Resource
Authors: Muhammad F , Andriyono S , Pujiastuti D Y
Published: July 2022

Pedada fruit has a nutritional content that can be used as a food source because it contains high carbohydrates, but this fruit is easily spoiled because of the water content, which reaches 79%. Therefore, apple mangrove processing into flour to increase added value, one of the product is ingredient of the dried noodles. The purpose of this study was to investigate the nutritional content and panelist preference of dry noodles with addition of mangrove apple (Sonneratia caseolaris) flour with various concentrations. The research method used was experimental with a completely randomized design (CRD) as an experimental design. The treatment used was the substitution of mangrove apple powder (Sonneratia caseolaris), which is P0 (0%), P1 (5%) P2 (10%), and P3 (15%). The main parameter observed was the fibre content of dry noodles. The supporting parameters observed were proximate and organoleptic of dry noodle products. Data analysis used One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and followed by the further test of Least Significant Difference (LSD) 95%. The results showed that increasing the concentration of apple mangrove fruit flour (Sonneratia caseolaris) could increase the fiber content of dry noodles.
Correlation Between Water Quality to Blood Glucose of Cantang Grouper (E. fuscoguttatus x E. lanceolatus) as an Indicator of Stress in Floating Net Cage
Authors: Wibowo C N P , Sulmartiwi L , Andriyono S
Published: July 2022

Cantang grouper is one of economical commodities in seawater and profitable in the resource fisheries sector. One of cultivation systems for Cantang Grouper is Floating Net Cage. Changes in water quality can cause stress in fish, can be seen in blood glucose value. This study aims to determine the correlation and water quality factors that influence to glucose level of kerapu cantang fish in floating net cage. This research was using a survey method with samples 10% of the population in 3 units of floating net cages with 4plots. The parameters are blood glucose of cantang grouper and water quality. Data analysis using SPSS ver.22 with linear regression test.The results showed water quality factors simultaneously has a strong correlation and influences to blood glucose of cantang grouper in floating net cage with linear equations Y = 1170,248 + 1639,818(X1) – 1010,567(X2) + 17,093(X3) – 39,998(X4) – 127,117(X5) + 23,691(X6) – 15,418(X7) + 0,257(X8) + 225,965(X9). Y = Glucose; X1 = NO2; X2 = NO3; X3 = NH3; X4 =Dissolved Oxygen; X5 = pH; X6 = Temperature; X7 = Salinity; X8 = Transparancy; X9 = Current. Therefore, current, pH, and dissolved oxygen are the influences to blood glucose of cantang grouper in floating net cage.
Dietary combination of maggot and commercial feed enhance the growth rate and feed conversion ratio of snakehead fish (Channa striata)
Authors: Wallady A A , Rahardja B S , Kenconojati H
Published: July 2022

Snakehead fish (Channa striata) is a carnivorous freshwater fish commodity that has high economic value. However, this cultivation takes a long period due to its poor growth rate. Maggot has been proposed as a possible alternative to fish feed because it is less expensive and has nutritional value. This study aimed to determine the effect of the dietary combination of maggot and pellets on the growth rate and feed conversion ratio of snakehead fish. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and four replications. The treatments were P0: 100% pellet, P1: 100% maggot, P2: 75% pellets and 25% maggot, P3: 50% pellets and 50% maggot, P4: 25% pellets and 75% maggot. The result showed a combination of pellet feed and maggot feed had a significant improvement (p<0.05) on the growth rate of snakehead fish. However, there were no significant differences in the feed conversion ratio (p>0.05). The treatment of 75% pellet feed and 25% maggot feed (P2) generated the highest growth rate of 0.154 g/day and the lowest feed conversion ratio of 3.121. It can be concluded that the combination of maggot and pellet experienced better growth performance and feed conversion ratio of snakehead fish.
The effect of Ocimum sanctum L. crude extract on haematology of Cyprinus carpio infected by Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Halim A M , Cahyanurani A B , Aonullah A A
Published: July 2022

Cyprinus carpio L. is one of the most important freshwater fish and has been intensively cultivated. However, microbial infection become restricting component that can cause economic loss in carp production and the use of commercial antibiotics for therapy produces adverse side effects. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of Ocimum sanctum L. crude extract on haematology of Cyprinus carpio against A. hydrophila infection. For this purpose, fish that have been infected were immersed in different doses of Ocimum sanctum L. crude extract (50, 150, 250, 350 ppm) and compared with the control group. After 1 week of immersion, total erythrocytes, total leukocytes, and deferential leukocytes (neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes) were recorded. The result showed that significant increase of total erythrocytes was obtained at the concentration of 350 ppm Ocimum sanctum L. crude extract. Furthermore, decreasing of the total leukocytes about 55.06×103 to 25.77×103, also decreasing deferential leukocytes (monocytes 40%, neutrophils 31% and lymphocytes 49% from the positive control). These results suggested that 350 ppm of Ocimum sanctum L. crude extract is beneficial to enhance the haematological status of common carp against A. hydrophila.
Providing a combination of chicken manure and broth in a different concentration to the production count of Daphnia magna
Authors: Yuniar Rizky Firdha , Cahyoko Yudi , Sari Luthfiana Aprilianita
Published: July 2022

This study used a combination of chicken manure and chicken broth which was fermented first with the aim to knowing the effect and the best dose of the combination of chicken manure and broth so as to increase the amount of Daphnia magna production optimally. This research is experimental using Completely Randomized Design method which consists of 4 treatments with 5 replications. Data analysis was processed using ANOVA and Duncan. The results showed that the fermentation of manure and chicken broth with a dose of P3 (7.5 mL/L) on day 8 gave the highest yield (41950 ind/L) compared to other treatments. Based on ANOVA analysis, it was shown that the combination treatment of chicken manure and broth compared with no combination on the count of Daphnia magna production had a significant effect (P<0.05). Duncan's test results showed that P3 treatment was significantly different from P0 and P1 but not significantly different from P2 treatment, with an average difference of P2 (5mL/L) 7419 ind/L and P3 (7.5mL/L) 8328 ind/L for 14 days growth.
Effect of probiotics addition on total organic matter and survival rate of catfish (Clarias sp.) maintenance using recirculating aquaculture system (RAS)
Authors: Paranita A , Rahardja B S , Prayogo
Published: July 2022

Most catfish farmers do not make efforts to manage water quality. This causes high organic matter. Therefore, water management is carried out through the Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS). Continuous use of water in the RAS system causes filter performance to decrease, so technological improvements are needed with the addition of probiotics. The research was conducted on 22 February – 23 March 2021 at the Chemistry and Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Airlangga to determine the influence of probiotic additions on the RAS system total organic matter and the survival rate of catfish.The study was conducted experimentally using RAL by adding different doses of probiotics, namely P0 (Control), P1 (0.5 ml/L), P2 (1 ml/L), P3 (1.5 ml/L) and P4 (2 ml/L ) with four replays. Data analysis using ANOVA and DMRT showed that the addition of probiotics in the RAS system has an effect (p<0.05) on total organic matter and survival rate. Organic matter was highest at P2 (46.89 mg/L) and lowest at P2 (34.07 mg/L). Survival rates were highest at P2 (85%) and lowest at P0 (71.25%).
Management Analysis of Paddle Wheel For Efficiency Operational Cost Shrimp Culture Based on Oxygen Budget Capacity
Authors: MHR Alauddin
Published: July 2022

The aims of this research is to determine the optimal management of the paddle wheel based on the availability and balance of dissolved oxygen in shrimp ponds for efficiency in aquaculture operational costs. The methods employed are : (i) Field Observation for Oxygent Budget on included inputs oxygen and Outputs Oxygent and; (ii) Electricity usage during rearing periode. Results of analysis to Shrimp Culture (50 shrimp/m2) which obtained efficiency for paddle wheel electricity/kg shrimp as 1.04 kwh/kg shrimp/cyclus or 2.08 kwh/kg shrimp/years. Operational Cost is decreased as IDR 119 046 879/hectare/MT or IDR 238 093 758/hectare/years and profitable which obtained is increased to as IDR 55 788 853/hectare/cyclus atau IDR 111 577 707/hectare/years. While to shrimp culture (126 shrimp/m2) which obtained efficiency for paddle wheel electricity/kg shrimp as 1.61 kwh/kg shrimp/cyclus atau 3.22 kwh/kg shrimp/years. Operational Cost is decreased as IDR 355 936 618/hectare/cyclus atau IDR 711 873 235/hectare/years and profitable which obtained is increased to as IDR 186 435 278/hectare/cyclus or IDR 372 870 557/hectare/years.
The abundance of Vibrio sp. bacteria on liptopenaeus vannamei grow out - pond in CV. Lautan Sumber Rejeki Banyuwangi
Authors: Asmarany A , Jayanti S , Mahbubah N U
Published: July 2022

Vibriosis is one of the bacterial diseases that caused by a group of Vibrio bacteria. The total abundance of Vibrio bacteria that exceed the normal threshold can cause the mass death in vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) aquaculture. The study aimed to analyze the abundance of Vibrio sp. in vannamei shrimp rearing ponds. The abundance of Vibrio bacteria was analyzed using total plate count agar methode on TCBS and CHROMagar Vibrio selective media. Histopathological analysis was also carried out to determine the effect of Vibrio sp. abundance to hepatopancreas organ damage in vannamei shrimp. Three species of Vibrio bacteria founded in C1, C2 and C3 ponds and identified as V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus and V. alginolyticus. The total abundance of Vibrio bacteria in the C3 pond at 77 days of culture was higher than C2 and C3 ponds i.e 2.75 x 102 CFU/mL with 66,67% of hepatopancreas organ damage. Vibrio bacteria abundance in aquaculture ponds affects the percentage of shrimp heparopancreas damage.
Bioacumulation of Heavy Metals Pb and Hg in Green Shells (Perna viridis) in Pasuruan Waters Based on Different Seasons
Authors: Isroni W , Maulida N
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine the bioaccumulation of heavy metals lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) in green mussels (Perna viridis), sediment, and water in green mussel cultivation in Pasuruan waters, East Java based on different seasonal variations. The study was conducted in the rainy season (February) and dry season (July). Green mussels, sediment, and water were taken from the green mussel cultivation in the winding waters of Pasuruan. Samples were taken at harvest age, namely the age of 6 months of maintenance. Samples of seawater, sediment, and green mussels were taken 3 times. Heavy metal testing follows SNI 01-2354.6-2006. Based on the results of the study, the Pb content in the sediment increased in the summer compared to the rainy season, from 3.76±0.77 mg/Kg to 6.99±0.16 mg/Kg (P0.05). The level of Hg in green mussels in the rainy season was 1.03±0.04 mg/Kg also did not show a significantly different value (P>0.05) compared to summer, namely 1.02±0.02 mg/Kg.
Effect of acid, base and mixed treatment towards characteristics gelatin of bader bang (Barbonymus balleroides) skin
Authors: Oktavia N I , Triastuti J , Nirmala D
Published: July 2022

Gelatin is a type of protein obtained from natural collagen found in skin and bones. One of the fishery products that is thought to contain collagen This research was conducted using laboratory experimental method in this study used a completely randomized design (CRD). The data obtained were then analyzed by ANOVA method and further test using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a significance level of 5%. The color and aroma data were analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis method and further testing using the Mann-Whitney method. The results of the treatment of 0.2% NaOH base (P1), 0.2% CH3COOH acid (P2) and 0.2% NaOH mixture and 0.2% CH3COOH (P3) have the main characteristic results as follows: yield 13.5 %; 12.3%; 15.8%, pH 10.6; 5,6; 6.7, gel strength 241 bloom; 251 blooms; 273 bloom, viscosity 3.6 cP; 4.5 cP; 6.8 cP, 8.6% moisture content; 5.3%; 4.8%, ash content 2.6%; 1.8%; 0.8%, the color is brownish yellow (alkaline); yellow (sour); yellowish white (mixed); aroma i.e. smell (alkaline and sour); neutral (mixed). The best treatment was found in the mixed treatment (P3) NaOH 0.2% and CH3COOH 0.2%.
Morphological Analysis of Sili (Macrognathus sp.) in Some Regencies in East Java Province
Authors: Meirikayanti H , Mufasirin  , Mubarak A S
Published: July 2022

Sili (Macrognathus sp.) is one of freshwater fishes that has high economic value in Asia, since it is beneficial as a consumable fish and an ornamental fish. The economic potential of Sili triggers overfishing, especially in East Java. Domestication is a method to preserve Sili in East Java, preceded by identifying potential species of Macrognathus sp. from the natural catchment. This study aims to characterize the morphological differences of Macrognathus sp in several regencies in East Java based on morphological and morphometric phenotypes. Samples were collected at five different locations, specifically: Tulungagung (Boyolangu Watersheds), Kediri (Brantas Watersheds), Mojokerto (Brantas Watersheds), Lamongan (Bengawan Solo Watersheds), and Malang (Karangkates Reservoir). The main parameters observed were morphology and morphometry. The morphological analysis used identification guidelines, while morphometric data were obtained through 14 parameters measurement then analyzed using one-way Anova test on SPSS 25 software. Based on the morphological and morphometric analysis, it is known that the species of Sili in some regencies in East Java are Macrognathus tapirus and Macrognathus aculeatus. The results showed that samples from Tuban and Kediri are Macrognathus tapirus. Furthermore, the samples collected from Mojokerto, Lamongan, and Malang are Macrognathus aculeatus. One-way Anova test showed Sili from the five locations were significantly different based on the result value of p<0.05.
Providing feed from a mixed of chicken broth and chicken manure with different dosages on nutritional content Daphnia magna
Authors: Setyawan Suryaning Trinita , Cahyoko Yudi , Sari Luthfiana Aprilianita
Published: July 2022

Live feed is one of the most important factors of the success of fish farming, especially in fish hatchery activities. Live feed that has the potential to support cultivation activities is Daphnia magna. One of the problems on Daphnia magna culture is feed availability that can meet the nutrients in Daphnia magna. The aim of this research was to study the effect of providing feed from combination of chicken broth and chicken manure on the nutritional value of Daphnia magna. This study was experimental using the RAL method consisting of 4 treatments with 5 replications, namely control treatment (P0) 7.5 mL/L dose of feed, (P1) 2.5 mL/L dose of fermented feed, (P2) 5 mL/L dose of fermented feed and (P3) 7.5 mL/L dose of fermented feed. Data analysis was processed using ANOVA and Duncan. The result of this study has a significant effect (P<0.05) on nutritional content of Daphnia magna with the best dose in P3 which can affect the highest protein (51,98%) and highest fat (12,17%) of Daphnia magna. The highest fiber (13,32%) of Daphnia magna was found in the P1 treatment and the highest carbohydrates (37,51%) of Daphnia magna was found in the P0 treatment.
Estimation of planting season for food crops based on water balance model at center of food crops, Parimo Regency, Central Sulawesi Province
Authors: Fathurrahman  , Syakur Abd. , Marthadi Rio , Kadeko Inrianto , Yusuf Ramal
Published: July 2022

Rice is an essential and strategic commodity because of its role as the staple food of Indonesian society. The purpose of this study is to facilitate farmers in planning system of planting patterns based on water balance model. It is useful to reduce the risk of crop failure in the centre for food crops. Therefore, it is necessary to make a good plan in regulating rice cropping system pattern based on water balance model. The method used is Thornhtwaite and Mather. The data needed to conduct this research are rainfall, temperature data, evapotranspiration data and soil sample data of each sub-district in Parigi Moutong. The results showed that there were some sub-districts not suitable to be planted rice, i.e. Palasa, Siniu, Ampibabo, Suli and Torue. Therefore, other plant alternatives are needed to support food security of Parigi Moutong. The appropriate sub-districts as centres for paddy, i.e. Moutong, Sausu, Toribuli Tinombo Selatan, Dolago and Baliara. The results of this research make researchers easier to map the area after it is known which areas are suitable to be a centre for food crops especially paddy. Finally, it needs great support from the government to create strong food security in Parigi Moutong.
Molecular identification and potency of scalloped spiny lobster (Panulirus homarus) study from Kodang Merak Beach, South Malang
Authors: Ramdhani R , Sulmartiwi L , Andriyono S
Published: July 2022

Lobster is one of the commodities from the fisheries sector that has high economic value. The problem faced is that there is still limited biological information on lobster species in Indonesia, including identifying genetic diversity. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential ofscalloped spiny lobster. Lobster identification was carried out morphologically and molecularly on the most dominant lobster species at Kondang Merak Beach, Malang. The method in this study used observation and experimental methods. The results of recording data on natural lobster catch from local fishermen from Kondang Merak,scalloped spiny lobster is the most dominant species compared to other types of lobster (painted spiny lobster, ornate spiny lobster). Morphologically, the most dominant lobster sample (MAL-01) obtained from this research location was Panulirus homarus. The lobster has a color pattern and meristic characteristics that are in accordance with the morphological identification reference used. Molecular identification of scalloped spiny lobster (DNA barcoding) has shown that the lobster specimen is a scalloped spiny lobster (Panulirus homarus) which has the same sequence as KF548574 (100%) in the BLASTN results with the Genbank Database.
Seasonal variation of water quality of three urban small lakes in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Sulastri  , Akhdiana Ira
Published: July 2022

Urban lakes play an important role in supporting quality of human life. There are more than 200 urban lakes in Jabodetabek areas, some of which are experiencing high risk of disappearance due to pollution, eutrophication, and sedimentation. There have been limited long monitoring of limnological data on appropriate management practice to protect the integrity of this vulnerable system. This aim of study is reveal seasonal variations of water quality in Lake Cibuntu Lake Dora, and Lake Lotus in Cibinong, West Java to support the management strategy of lakes. Water quality data including water depth, conductivity, Total Dissolved Solid, pH, Dissolved Oxygen, nutrient, were collected biweekly from July 2018 to July 2019. This result revealed that Lake Cibuntu and Lake Lotus have high variability of water depth compared to Lake Dora with the range 31 to 120 cm, 32 to 84 cm and 72 to 113 cm. The dynamic of water depth seems having an effect to the water quality variability in observed lakes. In term of nutrient, it showed a different pattern of variability fluctuation between observed lakes. The pattern of seasonal variability of water quality appeared to be related with seasonal of the year and water source.
The effect of Caesalpinia sappan extract on body weight and carcass weight of bucks (Cuniculus forma domestica) exposed to heat stress
Authors: Agustono B , Safitri D L , Saputro A L , Prastiya R A , Kusuma N M , Sari E D Y
Published: July 2022

The aim of this research was to determine the effect of Caesalpinia sappan L. extract on body weight and carcass weight of bucks exposed by heat stress. This research used a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The experimental animal were 5 month old bucks of rex type. The bucks were divided into 4 groups and given different treatments for 28 days, namely K + (complete feed + heat stress), K- (complete feed), P1 (complete feed + Caesalpinia sappan L. 100mg/kg feed + heat stress), and P2 (complete feed + Caesalpinia sappan L. 300 mg/kg feed + heat stress). The observed variables were the body weight and the carcass weight of the bucks. Parametric data was analyzed using ANOVA. The average body weight was K+ (2220.00), K- (2239.80), P1 (2241.60), P2 (2242.00). The average carcass weight was K+ (1132.40), K- (1232.00), P1 (1233.00), P2 (1233.20). The results of study showed that there was a significant difference (P<0.05) between the treatment and control group. Based on the research conducted, it can be concluded that the administration of Caesalpinia sappan L. extract can maintain the body weight and carcass weight of buck exposed to heat stress.
Effects of Moina sp. [Straus, 1820] adding of Snail Flour to Increase the Larvae performance of Jelawat Fish (Leptobarbus hoevenii [Bleeker, 1851])
Authors: Santanumurti Muhammad Browijoyo , Sidik Jafar , Putri Berta , Hudaidah Siti
Published: July 2022

Enrichment is the process of adding an ingredient aiming to compliment and increase the nutrient feed. Potential snail flour served as a media enriched inMoinasp. because it has a high nutrient content. The objective of the study was to assess the provision ofMoinasp. enriched with golden snail flour to the growth and survival of larvae of jelawat fish (Leptobarbus hoevenii). This research was conducted at Sungai Gelam Freshwater Aquaculture Center, Jambi and Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. The research design was a complete randomized design (RAL) with 4 different treatments of golden snail flour doses, namely A (control), B (4 g/l), C (8 g/l), D (12 g/l), with 3 repetitions. Data absolute length growth, absolute weight growth, and survival rate were analyzed using the Anova test and continued with the BNT test. The results showed that the application ofMoinasp enriched with golden snail meal 4 g/l and 8 g/l had a significant effect on long growth and weight but had no significant effect on the survival rate of jelawat fish.
Effect of temperature, pH, and salinity on body weight of Asian Seabass (Lates calcarifer) at different stockings
Authors: Insivitawati E , Hakimah N , Chudlori M S
Published: July 2022

The Asian Seabass farming can be successful with optimum environmental conditions. Water quality as a culture media must always be maintained to suppress the occurrence of pathogen attacks on fish. The study aims to determine the effect of temperature, pH, and salinity in the maintenance of body weight Asian Seabass (Lates calcarifer) at different stocking. The field experiment method was applied in this study using a 6.28 m3 tank using 2 treatments, namely P1 (density 1000) and P2 (density 1400) fish measuring 2-3 cm for 30 days. Parameters observed included observations of growth and water quality (temperature, pH, and salinity). The result showed that there was an effect of temperature, pH, and salinity on the growth of Asian Seabass. The temperature, pH, and salinity showed an effect on body weight by P1 (35.2%) and P2 (28.9%). The conclusion of this study is that the density of 1000 shows a higher effect that the density of 1400 on the growth of Asian Seabass.
Application of eDNA method to analyze bacterial community structures in the recirculation aquaculture systems of Litopenaeus vannamei
Authors: Pramudia Zulkisam , Amin A A , Yanuar A T , Susanti Y A D , Yanuhar U , Ulfa S M , Huda A S , Kurniawan A
Published: July 2022

One of the main focuses in microbial ecology is the analysis of microbial communities in water, especially concerning bacteria. The results of the analysis related to the abundance of bacteria will be essential knowledge for the development of aquaculture, especially those relating to the dynamics of pond water quality. This study aims to analyze the total abundance of bacteria and water quality dynamics in the water of Litopenaeus vannamei aquaculture that applies a recirculation system. The study was conducted for three months on a concrete pond plot with an area of 2500 m2. Samples of bacterial abundance were taken from pond water, while water quality checks were carried out at ponds and pond outlets. Sampling was carried out at weeks 1, 3, 5, and 8 during the cultivation phase. Bacterial abundance was calculated using Environmental DNA (eDNA), which refers to DNA extracted from the environment without isolating the target organism. The water quality parameters observed were pH, conductivity, DO, turbidity, temperature, and salinity. This study suggested that the abundance of bacteria from the first to the 8th week were 15.3x107; 17.1x107; 36.6x107; and 35.4x107, respectively. Moreover, DO ranged from 3.2 ppm to 7.6 ppm; temperature ranged from 30 °C to 33.3°C; turbidity raged from 12 NTU to 57 NTU; salinity ranged from 19 ppt to 24 ppt; conductivity ranged from 2.93 s/m to 3.54 s/m, and pH ranged from 6.6 to 7.0. This study indicates that the recirculation aquaculture system in Lamongan, East Java may obtain the optimum water quality and controlling the abundance of bacteria to support the aquaculture of Litopenaeus vannamei.
Tribological behavior of extruded spray-forming 2195-T6 Al-Li alloy at different loads using pin-on-disk tribotester
Authors: Chen Qingqiang , Yu Yalei , Ma Guanjie , Wang Zhonglei , Sun Jie , Lu Laixiao
Published: July 2022

The tribological properties of Al-Li alloys impact the reliability of components used in different industrial sectors. In this research, the effect of normal load on friction and wear properties of the extruded spray-formed 2195-T6 Al-Li alloy is investigated by using a pin-on-disk tester. Through the microstructure of the friction subsurface, it is evaluated that the friction coefficient of 2195 alloy decreases from 0.408 to 0.306 by increasing load (25 N to 150 N), while the wear rate increases exponentially. It is also analyzed that a mild-severe wear transition occurs between 100 N and 125 N and the main wear mechanism gradually shifts from abrasive wear and oxidative wear to delamination wear (25 N ∼ 100 N), and finally attains the state of severe plastic deformation (125 N ∼ 150 N). Under the action of normal load and friction shearing force, the deformation layer in the subsurface increases from 3 μm to 43 μm with increasing load, and the accumulation of strain leads to cracks and holes.
Nanosecond laser preheating effect on ablation morphology and plasma emission in collinear dual-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: LI Na , HAREFA Edward , ZHOU Weidong
Published: July 2022

Focus-offset collinear dual-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy is designed and used to investigate the laser ablation and spectral intensity with an aluminum alloy sample. The laser crater morphologies and ablation volumes were measured. An inter-pulse time delay dependent ablation efficiency on a nanosecond laser-heated sample was observed, which was similar to the trend of spectral intensity versus inter-pulse time delay in the delay time less than 3 μs. Based on the observation, the nanosecond pulse laser preheating effect on subsequent second laser ablation and signal enhancement is discussed, which will be helpful for understanding the ablation and signal enhancement mechanism in the standard collinear DP-LIBS technique.
Rotor performance enhancement by alternating current dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuation
Authors: ZHAO 赵 Guangyin 光银 , WANG 王 Chang 畅 , YANG 杨 Yongdong 永东 , LI 李 Guoqiang 国强 , SHI 史 Zheyu 喆羽
Published: July 2022

An experimental system was established to explore the plasma flow control effect for helicopter rotors in hover mode. With the plasma actuator applied at the leading edge of the rotor blades, alternating current dielectric barrier discharge (AC-DBD) plasma actuation was generated by a sinusoidal AC high-voltage generator. By direct force measurement, the influence of actuation parameters on the aerodynamic performance of the rotor was investigated at a tip Reynolds number of 1.7 × 105. AC-DBD actuation can delay the blade stall to more than 3° with a 20% increase of about in the thrust coefficient at the post-stall pitch. At a constant motor power driving the rotor, AC-DBD actuation could reduce the rotor’s torque at the stalled pitch and increase the rotational speed of the rotor. Also, AC-DBD actuation could maintain a relatively high hover efficiency of the rotor at large collective pitches. In a wide range of actuation parameters, AC-DBD plasma actuation could improve the rotor’s aerodynamic performance at large blade pitches. High-speed photography of the tuft motion on the blade’s upper surface showed that AC-DBD plasma actuation could promote the reattachment of the blade’s separation flow.
On the fast spreading scenario
Authors: He Siming , Tadmor Eitan , Zlatoš Andrej
Published: July 2022

We study two types of divergence-free fluid flows on unbounded domains in two and three dimensions—hyperbolic and shear flows—and their influence on chemotaxis and combustion. We show that fast spreading by these flows, when they are strong enough, can suppress growth of solutions to PDE modeling these phenomena. This includes prevention of singularity formation and global regularity of solutions to advective Patlak-Keller-Segel equations onR2\mathbb {R}^2andR3\mathbb {R}^3, confirming numerical observations by Khan, Johnson, Cartee, and Yao [Involve 9 (2016), pp. 119–131], as well as quenching in advection-reaction-diffusion equations.
A deep learning method for predicting metabolite–disease associations via graph neural network
Authors: Sun Feiyue , Sun Jianqiang , Zhao Qi
Published: July 2022

Metabolism is the process by which an organism continuously replaces old substances with new substances. It plays an important role in maintaining human life, body growth and reproduction. More and more researchers have shown that the concentrations of some metabolites in patients are different from those in healthy people. Traditional biological experiments can test some hypotheses and verify their relationships but usually take a considerable amount of time and money. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new computational method to identify the relationships between metabolites and diseases. In this work, we present a new deep learning algorithm named as graph convolutional network with graph attention network (GCNAT) to predict the potential associations of disease-related metabolites. First, we construct a heterogeneous network based on known metabolite–disease associations, metabolite–metabolite similarities and disease–disease similarities. Metabolite and disease features are encoded and learned through the graph convolutional neural network. Then, a graph attention layer is used to combine the embeddings of multiple convolutional layers, and the corresponding attention coefficients are calculated to assign different weights to the embeddings of each layer. Further, the prediction result is obtained by decoding and scoring the final synthetic embeddings. Finally, GCNAT achieves a reliable area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.95 and the precision-recall curve of 0.405, which are better than the results of existing five state-of-the-art predictive methods in 5-fold cross-validation, and the case studies show that the metabolite–disease correlations predicted by our method can be successfully demonstrated by relevant experiments. We hope that GCNAT could be a useful biomedical research tool for predicting potential metabolite–disease associations in the future.
AttentionSiteDTI: an interpretable graph-based model for drug-target interaction prediction using NLP sentence-level relation classification
Authors: Yazdani-Jahromi Mehdi , Yousefi Niloofar , Tayebi Aida , Kolanthai Elayaraja , Neal Craig J , Seal Sudipta , Garibay Ozlem Ozmen
Published: July 2022

In this study, we introduce an interpretable graph-based deep learning prediction model, AttentionSiteDTI, which utilizes protein binding sites along with a self-attention mechanism to address the problem of drug–target interaction prediction. Our proposed model is inspired by sentence classification models in the field of Natural Language Processing, where the drug–target complex is treated as a sentence with relational meaning between its biochemical entities a.k.a. protein pockets and drug molecule. AttentionSiteDTI enables interpretability by identifying the protein binding sites that contribute the most toward the drug–target interaction. Results on three benchmark datasets show improved performance compared with the current state-of-the-art models. More significantly, unlike previous studies, our model shows superior performance, when tested on new proteins (i.e. high generalizability). Through multidisciplinary collaboration, we further experimentally evaluate the practical potential of our proposed approach. To achieve this, we first computationally predict the binding interactions between some candidate compounds and a target protein, then experimentally validate the binding interactions for these pairs in the laboratory. The high agreement between the computationally predicted and experimentally observed (measured) drug–target interactions illustrates the potential of our method as an effective pre-screening tool in drug repurposing applications.
Distinctive modes of cortical communications in tactile temporal order judgment
Authors: Moharramipour Ali , Takahashi Toshimitsu , Kitazawa Shigeru
Published: July 2022

Temporal order judgment of two successive tactile stimuli delivered to our hands is often inverted when we cross our hands. The present study aimed to identify time–frequency profiles of the interactions across the cortical network associated with the crossed-hand tactile temporal order judgment task using magnetoencephalography. We found that the interactions across the cortical network were channeled to a low-frequency band (5–10 Hz) when the hands were uncrossed. However, the interactions became activated in a higher band (12–18 Hz) when the hands were crossed. The participants with fewer inverted judgments relied mainly on the higher band, whereas those with more frequent inverted judgments (reversers) utilized both. Moreover, reversers showed greater cortical interactions in the higher band when their judgment was correct compared to when it was inverted. Overall, the results show that the cortical network communicates in two distinctive frequency modes during the crossed-hand tactile temporal order judgment task. A default mode of communications in the low-frequency band encourages inverted judgments, and correct judgment is robustly achieved by recruiting the high-frequency mode.
A Methodology for Quantitation of Dictamnine and Fraxinellone and its Application to Study Pharmacokinetics and Bioavailability in Rats Via Oral and Intravenous Administration
Authors: Chen Mengchun , Shen Xiuwei , Yang Xuewei , Yin Qingqing , Tian Dongyan , Li Li , Lu Cuitao , Ye Cen Jie-Nuo , Chen Yijie , Yan Linzhi , Wang Fang
Published: July 2022

The pharmacological activities of dictamnine and fraxinellone have been well reported; however, only a few studies have focused on the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of concomitant delivery of these drugs in vivo. To shed light on this neglected area, we developed a rapid and sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method that quantified the levels of dictamnine and fraxinellone simultaneously in rat plasma. This method was initiated by a one-step protein precipitation strategy to purify plasma samples collected from rats treated with either oral or intravenous administration of dictamnine and fraxinellone. The mobile phase contained acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid at a steady flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. As a result, an excellent analyte peak resolution was achieved, and the entire process took only 3 min per sample. The results were indicative of the desired linearity (r2 ≥ 0.999), precision (RSD% was within 15%), accuracy (RE% was within 15%), recoveries (≥80.66 and 68.15% for dictamnine and fraxinellone, respectively) and matrix effects (≥94.66 and 91.37% for dictamnine and fraxinellone, respectively). Additionally, the detectable limits of these two compounds were both low even when they reached 5 ng/mL. Taken together, these findings contribute to a better understanding of the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability properties of concomitant delivery of dictamnine and fraxinellone.
Solid-Phase Extraction (SPE) Technique to Quantify Cefdinir in Human Plasma Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS/MS)
Authors: Alam Md Tauquir , Mujtaba Md Ali , Hussain Afzal , Ali Abuzer , Imran Mohd , Barkat Md Abul , Abdel-Gawad Sherif A
Published: July 2022

A biosensitive analysis method development and validation was performed for accurate and rapid quantification of cefdinir (CDR) in human plasma by a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry technique coupled with electrospray ionization. Analysis was carried out using a C18 column with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and operating temperature of 30.0 ± 1°C. The drug was eluted by optimizing the m/z ratios of 396.20 → 227.20 and 428.17 → 241.10, for cefdinir and IS (internal standard), respectively. The intraday precision (%CV) for Cefdinir ranged from 2.8% and 6.7% as lower limit of quantification of quality control (LLOQ QC) and higher level of quantification of quality control (HQC QC), respectively, whereas these value were found to be as 3.0% and 5.6% for LLOQ and HQC, respectively after interday precision. Moreover, accuracy ranged from 107.70% (HQC QC) to 95.5% (LLOQ QC). The extraction mean recovery was found to be 83.91 ± 6.0% for cefdinir and 76.7 ± 6.23% for IS. The drug was stable throughout the analysis period. It was possible to analyze several plasma samples every day since each sample took <2.5 min to run. The method demonstrated successful quantification of CDR in human plasma, followed by pharmacokinetic profiles that were simple, accurate, sensitive and cost-effective.
What dietary interventions have been tested in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction? A systematic scoping review
Authors: Forsyth Faye , Mulrennan Sandra , Burt Jenni , Hartley Peter , Kuhn Isla , Lin Helen , Mant Jonathan , Tan Sapphire , Zhang Roy , Deaton Christi
Published: July 2022

Aims

To determine what dietary interventions have been tested in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), the modulation method, and outcomes employed and to summarize any evidence for benefit.

Methods and results

We performed key word searches in five bibliographic databases from 2001 to 2021, to identify randomized or experimental dietary interventions tested in HFpEF or mixed heart failure (HF) samples. Study characteristics were summarized according to population, intervention, comparator, outcome categories and intervention complexity was assessed. Twenty-five clinical investigations were retrieved; only 10 (40%) were conducted exclusively in HFpEF; the remainder enrolled mixed HF samples. Most studies employed either highly tailored prescribed diets (n = 12, 48%) or dietary supplementation (n = 10, 40%) modalities. Dietary pattern interventions (n = 3, 12%) are less well represented in the literature.

Conclusion

Heterogeneity made pooling studies challenging. Better reporting of baseline characteristics and the use of standardized HF lexicon would ensure greater confidence in interpretation of studies involving mixed HF populations. The field would benefit greatly from explicit reporting of the biological mechanism of action (e.g. the causal pathway) that an intervention is designed to modulate so that studies can be synthesized via their underlying mechanism of action by which diet may affect HF. An extension of the current set of core outcomes proposed by the European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure Association would ensure dietary clinical endpoints are more consistently defined and measured.

Registration

PROSPERO: CRD42019145388.
Day–night cycle of seismic noise HVSR and comparison with body waves andTwaves
Authors: La Rocca Mario , Chiappetta Giuseppe Davide
Published: July 2022

We analysed long (months) continuous recordings of ground motion at more than 30 sites in Calabria (Italy) in order to investigate the relationships among background signal amplitude, noise composition, day–night cycle and horizontal to vertical spectral ratio (HVSR). We computed the root mean square (rms), polarization and HVSR of the seismic signal. For many sites, the HVSR contains at least one well-defined peak of amplitude greater than 2 that is representative of site effects produced by the shallow geological structure and/or topography. At six of the investigated sites, we observe an important variation of the HVSR peak amplitude that is well correlated with the day–night cycle, the peak amplitude being greater during day hours, when the background signal amplitude is higher. The rectilinearity of particle motion computed from the polarization analysis is higher during day hours, thus showing a positive correlation with both signal rms and HVSR peak amplitude. For these sites we analysed also body waves of local earthquakes and T waves produced by regional earthquakes in order to compute the HVSR of signals composed predominantly by body waves. Results of body waves and T waves are more similar to the HVSR of day hour seismic noise than the HVSR of night hour seismic noise, thus suggesting that the stronger seismic noise recorded during day hour may contain a greater amount of body waves with respect to the night hour noise.
Buy me: the effect of leaders’ perceived personality abroad on consumption of their national products
Authors: Balmas Meital , Atia Renana
Published: July 2022

A substantial body of research has investigated consumer perceptions of a product based on the country where it originated (CoO). Such judgments have been shown to fluctuate due to a number of factors, among them changes in political conditions. The current research shows that a key factor in CoO-based evaluations of products is the image of respective national leaders. In two experimental studies, conducted in the United States, we found that exposure to a news article that positively (vs. negatively) characterizes a foreign leader led to more positive perceptions of that leader’s country; more positive evaluations of products and brands manufactured there; and thereby also to greater willingness to purchase these products. The results amply demonstrate that the news coverage of modern leaders can significantly affect their national trade, and that therefore the responsibility they carry may extend beyond their official role as political figures.
A Nazi Rescuer? Fritz Schellhorn and the Contested Memory of the Holocaust in Romania
Authors: Fisher Gaëlle
Published: July 2022

This study addresses the role of Fritz Schellhorn, the German consul in Cernăuţi (Czernowitz), Romania before and during World War II. Recently Schellhorn has been presented as a rescuer of Jews during the Holocaust. Based largely on Schellhorn’s papers in the German Foreign Office Archives, some have argued that it was not, as previously believed, the wartime mayor and Righteous Among the Nations Traian Popovici, but Schellhorn, who prevented the deportation of 20,000 of Cernăuţi’s Jews by the Romanians during World War II. The following suggests that Schellhorn occupied a more ambivalent position. First, it argues that his actions should be considered in light of power and interethnic relations in the region. Second, it shows that Schellhorn’s legacy includes a decades-long struggle to obstruct the compensation of many Romanian Holocaust survivors by West Germany. Emphasizing Romania’s sole responsibility for the crimes, Schellhorn engaged in a range of postwar interactions—sometimes public, sometimes hostile—with Jewish survivors he had helped and others he had not. The article thus examines Schellhorn’s wartime and postwar activities anew. For one thing, it places these against the backdrop of the Holocaust in Romania’s particular dynamics and contested aftermath. But beyond this, it contributes to the debate over the static labels used to categorize people’s behaviors during the Holocaust and thereby explores the wider and complex links between history, memory, and reckoning.
Comparative Acceptability of Therapeutic Maintenance Regimens in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Results From the Nationwide ACCEPT2 Study
Authors: Buisson Anthony , Serrero Mélanie , Orsat Laurie , Nancey Stéphane , Rivière Pauline , Altwegg Romain , Peyrin-Biroulet Laurent , Nachury Maria , Hébuterne Xavier , Gilletta Cyrielle , Flamant Mathurin , Viennot Stéphanie , Bouguen Guillaume , Amiot Aurélien , Mathieu Stéphane , Vuitton Lucine , Plastaras Laurianne , Bourreille Arnaud , Caillo Ludovic , Goutorbe Félix , Pineton De Chambrun Guillaume , Attar Alain , Roblin Xavier , Pereira Bruno , Fumery Mathurin
Published: July 2022

Background

Owing to growing number of therapeutic options with similar efficacy and safety, we compared the acceptability of therapeutic maintenance regimens in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods

From a nationwide study (24 public or private centers), IBD patients were consecutively included for 6 weeks. A dedicated questionnaire including acceptability numerical scales (ANS) ranging from 0 to 10 (highest acceptability) was administered to both patients and related physicians.

Results

Among 1850 included patients (65.9% with Crohn’s disease), the ANS were 8.68 ± 2.52 for oral route (first choice in 65.8%), 7.67 ± 2.94 for subcutaneous injections (first choice in 21.4%), and 6.79 ± 3.31 for intravenous infusions (first choice in 12.8%; P < .001 for each comparison). In biologic-naïve patients (n = 315), the most accepted maintenance regimens were oral intake once (ANS = 8.8 ± 2.2) or twice (ANS = 6.9 ± 3.4) daily and subcutaneous injections every 12 or 8 weeks (ANS = 7.9 ± 3.0 and ANS = 7.2 ± 3.2, respectively). Among 342 patients with prior exposure to subcutaneous biologics, the preferred regimens were subcutaneous injections (≥2 week-intervals; ANS between 9.1 ± 2.3 and 8.1 ± 2.7) and oral intake once daily (ANS = 7.7 ± 3.2); although it was subcutaneous injections every 12 or 8 weeks (ANS = 8.4 ± 3.0 and ANS = 8.1 ± 3.0, respectively) and oral intake once daily (ANS = 7.6 ± 3.1) in case of prior exposure to intravenous biologics (n = 1181). The impact of usual therapeutic escalation or de-escalation was mild (effect size <0.5). From patients’ acceptability perspective, superiority and noninferiority cutoff values should be 15% and 5%, respectively.

Conclusions

Although oral intake is overall preferred, acceptability is highly impacted by the rhythm of administration and prior medication exposures. However, SC treatment with long intervals between 2 injections (≥8 weeks) and oral intake once daily seems to be the most accepted modalities.