bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Molecular Interactions of Three Tetracycline
Derivatives with Aqueous β-Cyclodextrin Solution at Different Temperatures
Authors: Sharma Shashi Kant , Sharma Nisha , Thakur Poonam
Published: July 2019

A comparative study of complexation behaviour of three tetracycline derivatives viz. doxycycline hydrochloride, oxytetracycline hydrochloride and minocycline hydrochloride with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) has been done with the help of various thermodynamic and spectroscopic methods. Density (ρ) and conductivity measurements have been carried out for binary drug/water and ternary drug/water/(β-CD) systems at three different temperature viz. 305.15, 310.15 and 315.15 K. The interactions of these tetracycline derivatives with β-cyclodextrin in aqueous solutions are further studied by means of fluorescence spectroscopy and UV-visible spectroscopy. From the measured density (ρ) data, partial molar volume (Φ°ν), partial molar volume expansibility (ϕ°e), Hepler′s constant (∂2ϕ°ν / ∂T2)P and partial molar volume of transfer (Δϕ°ν) have been obtained. From the conductance studies, the energetically favourable interactions are interpreted in the form of free energy change (ΔG) and the apparent association constant (Ka) was estimated from the fluorescence data.
Physico-Chemical Studies of Chitosan Derivatives and
Optimization of Reaction Conditions using RSM Design
Authors: Suryavanshi Vandana , Sutar Alekha Kumar , Maharana Tungabidya
Published: July 2019

In this work, the chitosan flake was converted to carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) by
carboxymethylation process using monochloroacetic acid in alkaline condition. The structure of carboxymethyl chitosan was confirmed by NMR, FT-IR, XRD, TGA and SEM techniques. The average molecular weight of carboxymethyl chitosan was obtained by viscometry method. The carboxymethylation reaction of chitosan was optimized for the reaction time, reaction temperature, amount of chitosan, amount of monochloroacetic acid. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to analyze degree of substitution, degree of acetylation and yield with respect to reaction conditions. At the optimization reaction condition the degree of substitution, degree of acetylation (%) and yield (%) values are 0.56, 33.99 and 78.2, respectively.
Optimization of Degree of Deacetylation of Chitosan Snail Shells (Pilla ampulaceae)
Authors: Nurhaeni  , Ridhay Ahmad , Laenggeng A.H.
Published: July 2019

Snails fields (Pilla ampulaceae) have a hard shell and are known to be one of the sources of biomaterial called chitin. Chitosan is a natural biopolymer that can be obtained from chitin deacetylation. The objective of this study was to obtain the optimum conditions of chitin deacetylation in highest degree deacetylation of chitosan. This study used random complete method that contains various of NaOH concentration (30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 %), temperature of deacetylation (60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 °C), time of deacetylation (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 h) and ratio between NaOH and chitin (1:4, 1:6, 1:8, 1:10 and 1:12 b/v) with three repetitions. The deacetylation degrees of chitosan were determined by FTIR. The results show the optimum condition of deacetylation degrees of NaOH concentration, temperature, time and ratio of NaOH and chitin are 60 %, 150 °C, 4 h and 1:10, respectively. This produces the highest deacetylation degree of chitosan rate of 83.23 %.
PRIORITY METERING CONTROL FOR AN URBAN CIRCULAR INTERSECTION
Authors: Ma Xinlu , Yi Ping , Bolla Vinod
Published: July 2019

Circular intersections have been used in transportation systems since the 1900s. Threetypes of circular intersections have been used in the United States: traffic circles, rotaries androundabouts. While the use of traffic circles and rotaries in recent decades was found to haveresulted in high crash rates, safety issues have been mitigated for roundabouts through the use ofimproved geometric designs.Nevertheless, all three types of circular intersections face capacity problems duringperiods of high traffic volume, resulting in long queues and delays. Signal metering wasintroduced to reduce long queues and delays on the dominant approaches to circularintersections by stopping the flow of traffic from other approaches. This methodology was foundto ease congestion for circular intersections with historically high traffic volumes. However, mostsignal metering at those intersections employ fixed signal timing, in which the metering rate is notresponsive to changes in traffic condition. This study investigates the performance of an adaptivemetering system for circular intersections. The system was implemented on a real traffic circlehaving high and unbalanced volumes. The model was calibrated, and a case study was simulatedfor peak-hour traffic conditions. Using the PTV VISSIM application programming interface, thealgorithm was tested and the performance of the system was compared to the current intersectionoperation. The results showed that adaptive metering can significantly reduce delays and queuesat a traffic circle. This preliminary study can be a useful reference for the development of prioritycontrolledcircular intersections.
Investigation of the relationship of the morphometric measurements of the hands and fingers with the personality traits of leadership
Authors: Sertel Meyvaci Seda , Kosif Rengin , Diramali Murat , Baki Tugce
Published: July 2019

Background: The hand is a functionally critical organ at the distal end of the upper extremity. Also, the creases in the hands and the digital flexion creases on the fingers are the important external anatomical landmarks.Objectives: There are no studies found in the literature, linking solely the leadership personality traits with the anthropometric measurements of the hand.Methods: This descriptive study was to investigate the relationship between the 44 anthropometric measurements about hand, and the leadership personality traits in young adults from both genders.Results: When the leadership frames were compared by the scores, human resource leadership scores were significantly higher in the females. The charismatic leadership frame scores positively correlated with the parameters in males; including the breadth of the right hand, the breadth of the left hand, the index finger length of the left hand, and the distal phalanx length of the index finger on the left hand. The transformational leadership score was positively correlated with the left hand width and with the distal phalanx of the index finger on the left hand. In females, it was found out that the frames of human leadership and charismatic leadership correlated negatively with the length of the right thumb.Conclusions: According to the results of our study, we concluded that the breadth of the hand and the measurements of the thumb and the index fingers can provide opinion on leadership personality traits.Â Â
PENDIDIKAN MULTIKULTURALISME DALAM ISLAM
Authors: Suluri Suluri
Published: July 2019

Indonesia is one of the largest multicultural countries in the world. It is not uncommon for us to hear social conflicts, whether related to ethnicity, race, culture or religion. Islam is a religion that carries the mission of Rohmatan lil'aalamiin, a religion that carries a mission of peace, compassion, both for others and the entire universe. then Multiculturalism Education multiculturalism education is an obligatory thing to be studied, understood and implemented in Indonesia, especially for Islamic education institutions. Islamic education which has the concept of Rahmatan Lil Aalamiin should be an example in addressing differences in multicultural societies. Thus, the output produced by educational institutions is not only competent with the disciplines they are engaged in, but also able to apply the values of rahmatan lil'aalamiin in understanding and appreciating in multicultural society.
Late-Onset Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis in a 14-Weeks-Old Full Term Male Infant
Authors: Pogorelić Zenon , Čagalj Ivana Čulo , Žitko Vanda , Nevešćanin Ana , Krželj Vjekoslav
Published: July 2019

Background: Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is the most common cause of gastric outlet obstruction in infants, and classically presents at 2 to 6 weeks of age. Delayed presentation is an extremely rare occurrence after early infancy. Case report: A 14-weeks-old full term male infant presented with non-bilious vomiting, dehydration and hypocloremic metabolic alkalosis. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed tubular mass 20 mm in lenght. Because of unusual age, diagnosis was confirmed with upper gastrointestinal contrast study. Laparoscopic pyloromyotomy was performed. After surgery the child was free of symptoms, had gained weight, and was tolerating a regular diet. Message: Despite the age hypertrophic pyloric stenosis should be kept in mind in any child who presents with non-bilious vomiting.
The Impact of Social Transfers on Poverty Reduction in EU Countries
Authors: Miežienė Rasa , Krutulienė Sandra
Published: July 2019

Available studies indicate a strong negative correlation between poverty and social expenditures in EU countries. It means that the country’s at-risk-of-poverty rate tends to erode with increasing social expenditure. However, the studies have demonstrated that the impact of government spending on poverty may vary according to the sector of spending, how well it is targeted, and the way in which it is financed. Some countries manage to achieve a rather significant poverty rate reduction even with relatively low, in the context of other Member States, social expenditure (percentage of GDP). This suggests that in order to reduce poverty rates, it is important to consider not only the amount allocated to social spending, but also the areas the social transfers are channelled to. The article aims to analyse how the composition and the extent of social spending/transfers may affect poverty reduction in EU countries. The analysis showed that social protection transfers reduce the percentage of people at-risk-of-poverty in all countries, however, to a very different extent. Regression analysis demonstrated that social exclusion and family/children expenditure was found to be the most important predictor for a relative antipoverty effect of social transfers: even a small percentage increase in such expenditure allows quite a significant increase in the relative antipoverty effect of social transfers.
On a class of norms generated by nonnegative integrable distributions
Authors: Falk Michael , Stupfler Gilles
Published: July 2019

We show that any distribution function on ℝ
d
with nonnegative, nonzero and integrable marginal distributions can be characterized by a norm on ℝ
d+1, called F-norm. We characterize the set of F-norms and prove that pointwise convergence of a sequence of F-norms to an F-norm is equivalent to convergence of the pertaining distribution functions in the Wasserstein metric. On the statistical side, an F-norm can easily be estimated by an empirical F-norm, whose consistency and weak convergence we establish.

The concept of F-norms can be extended to arbitrary random vectors under suitable integrability conditions fulfilled by, for instance, normal distributions. The set of F-norms is endowed with a semigroup operation which, in this context, corresponds to ordinary convolution of the underlying distributions. Limiting results such as the central limit theorem can then be formulated in terms of pointwise convergence of products of F-norms.

We conclude by showing how, using the geometry of F-norms, we may characterize nonnegative integrable distributions in ℝ
d
by simple compact sets in ℝ
d+1. We then relate convergence of those distributions in the Wasserstein metric to convergence of these characteristic sets with respect to Hausdorff distances.
The Physical Parameters of EDFA and SOA Optical Amplifiers and Bit Sequence Variations Based Optical Pulse Generators Impact on the Performance of Soliton Transmission Systems
Authors: Amiri I. S. , Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki , Ramya K. C. , Vinoth Kumar K. , Maheswar R.
Published: July 2019

This study has outlined the effects of physical parameters of erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) on the performance of amplified soliton transmission systems. Injection current-based SOA, EDFA length is taken into account. It is observed that the optimum soliton power and signal per noise ratio are achieved with 5 m EDFA length and 900 mA injection current-based SOA. As well as the bit sequence variations based user defined bit sequence generator are employed in order to measure the soliton transmission system performance. The signal per noise ratio is enhanced with 4 bit sequence. Soliton peak power, output soliton power, and maximum Q-factor are optimized with 8 bit sequence for soliton propagation length of 150 km and possible transmission data rates of 160 Gb/s. Improvement percentage ratio in soliton peak power by using two amplification techniques a long propagation length is deeply stimulated with optiwave simulation program.
Macronutrient analysis of preterm human milk using mid-infrared spectrophotometry
Authors: Bulut Özgül , Çoban Asuman , İnce Zeynep
Published: July 2019

Background

Human milk is the optimal source of nutrition for preterm infants. However, breast milk alone is often not sufficient to satisfy the high nutritional needs for growth and development in preterm infants. Fortified human breast milk is the best way to meet the nutritional needs of preterm infants. Human breast milk is fortified according to the estimated nutrient content of mature breast milk; however, because the content of breast milk is highly variable, the macronutrient support may be more or less than needed. The goal of this study was to analyze the macronutrient content of preterm human milk during the first 6 weeks of lactation.

Methods

The study included 32 mothers of preterm infants with a gestational age of ≤32 weeks. Breast milk was collected in 24-h cycles and analyzed daily using mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy. We measured protein, fat and lactose concentrations in the breast milk, and the energy content was calculated.

Results

The protein content was high during the first weeks of lactation, but decreased as lactation progressed. The fat, energy and lactose contents of the breast milk were low during the first 2 weeks of lactation, increased as lactation progressed and remained constant thereafter. In women with high body mass index (BMI), higher protein levels were found in transitional milk. In women who had high income level, higher fat and energy levels were found in transitional milk.

Conclusion

Our findings indicate that the macronutrient content of preterm breast milk changes throughout the course of lactation, with BMI and income level. Knowledge of the macronutrient composition of breast milk is necessary to ensure that preterm infants receive the appropriate types and quantities of nutrients to promote optimal growth, and to ensure that breast milk is fortified according to individual needs. Our findings may be useful for the provision of optimal nutritional support for preterm infants.
Bachrach, David S., The Benefices of Counts and the Fate of the Comital Office in Carolingian East Francia and Ottonian Germany
Authors: Bachrach David S.
Published: July 2019

The long-standing historiographical controversy about the nature of the comital office in East Francia and Ottonian Germany has turned on the same set of questions for more than a century: over whom did the count exercise jurisdiction, what was the basis of count's jurisdiction, and what was the source of the material assets that allowed counts to perform their duties? Left out of these discussions, however, has been the related problem of the control exercised by the king over the assets attached to the comital office, denoted variously as the res de comitatu, the count's ministerium, or simply the comitatus. The following study examines this question from the reign of Emperor Louis the Pious (814–840) through the death of Emperor Henry II (1002–1024), and concludes that the Carolingian and Ottonian rulers maintained tight control over the fiscal assets assigned to counts, and were able to recover them and reassign them as the royal government saw fit. This conclusion is at odds with much of the scholarship on the comital office in East Francia and Ottonian Germany that presents counts holding erstwhile fiscal assets in allodial tenure and the de facto transformation of the comital office into a hereditary possession.
Family language policy: the role of pro-Galician parents in intergenerational transmission
Authors: Nandi Anik
Published: July 2019

In a bilingual society, each individual within the family domain has his or her own linguistic practices and beliefs about language choice. Therefore, language practices inside family can be considered as an important marker of intergenerational transmission of a minoritized language such as Galician. The primary focus of this study is to investigate how individual linguistic practices and ideologies of the pro-Galician parents act as ‘visible’ and/or ‘invisible’ language planning measures at home influencing their children’s language learning. Drawing from multiple ethnographic research methods including observational fieldnotes, in-depth fieldwork interviews from Santiago de Compostela and Bertamiráns and two focus groups in Santiago de Compostela and Vigo with several Galician parents, this paper demonstrates that in Galicia’s language shift-induced shrinking orthodox native speaker pool, pro-Galician parents can play an important role in the language revitalisation process. The paper also endeavours to ascertain whether these parents can restore intergenerational transmission in a Castilian dominated landscape and if their microcosmic interrogation of the dominant discourse could lead to bottom-up language policies of resistance at the grassroots level. In this regard, this article seeks to reevaluate sociolinguistic concepts such as family language policy and their immediate impact on home language planning and management decisions what these parents use to maintain the intergenerational transmission of Galician.
La expresión epistémica si cuadra en español de Galicia
Authors: Rodríguez Espiñeira María José
Published: July 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el empleo de la forma si cuadra como marca de posibilidad epistémica en español de Galicia. Se explora la hipótesis de que dicho empleo sea el resultado de un fenómeno de transferencia o calco del adverbio gallego se cadra, documentado en esta lengua desde el siglo XIX. Los datos recopilados para el español, tanto de corpus como de internet, revelan que en diferentes variedades del español se emplea si cuadra como cláusula parentética reducida con la forma de una prótasis condicional, con valor de “si es conveniente” (español general) o de “si es oportuno” (al menos en español peninsular noroccidental y canario). La comparación entre la formación adverbial y la cláusula parentética reducida de la que proviene permite identificar los cambios sintácticos que explican el proceso de fijación y adverbialización de la construcción. En el trabajo también se discute cuál es la trayectoria que propicia el cambio semántico; con datos del portugués, del gallego y del español se postula que la construcción fuente no es aquella en la que cuadrar, cadrar o calhar expresan conveniencia (Pinto de Lima 2008 para el portugués), sino la de evento casual, fruto de azar, en línea con el análisis propuesto por López Couso / Méndez Naya (2017) para algunas expresiones epistémicas del inglés. El trabajo está basado en datos obtenidos de varios corpus, entre los que destacan el TILG (gallego) CdP (portugués), CdE, ESLORA y los corpus académicos para el español.
Presentación
Authors: Lynch Gamero Nicolas Javier
Published: July 2019

Me complace presentar el tercer número de nuestra revista Discursos del Sur, y más todavía porque es un número dedicado a Aníbal Quijano, recientemente fallecido. Quijano representó para las ciencias sociales en el Perú y América Latina lo que queremos que represente nuestra revista: el pensamiento crítico, la posibilidad de analizar la realidad a partir de un enfoque de conjunto, histórico y estructural, que permita no solo entenderla sino también transformarla. Quijano proyectó esta visión de pensamiento crítico desde temprano en su carrera académica e intelectual, perfilándose antes que nada como un productor de ideas que tendrían su realización al convertirse en herramientas de trabajo político para la liberación de los explotados y oprimidos de nuestra América y el mundo. Pero no fue cualquier tipo de intelectual, ni tampoco meramente un intelectual público, como se ha puesto de moda en los tiempos actuales, sino un intelectual orgánico de una visión del mundo que tenía en su núcleo la necesidad de socializar el poder. De esta manera, agonista como nos enseñara Mariátegui, vivió Quijano su tiempo, de principio a fin, produciendo ideas e inculcando esperanza transformadora.
DAYA SAING EKSPOR KAKAO OLAHAN INDONESIA
Authors: Nauly Dahlia , Daris Edmon , Nuhung Iskandar Andi
Published: July 2019

Indonesia merupakan penghasil kakao terbesar ketiga di dunia. Sebagian besar kakao diekspor keluar negeri. Maka pemerintah menerapkan peraturan yang membatasi ekspor kakao. Menurunnya ekspor kakao mengakibatkan turunnya produksi kakao. Maka diperlukan analisis tentang daya saing kakao olahan di pasar dunia. Penelitian bertujuan menanalisis daya saing kakao olahan Indonesia di pasar dunia dan persaingan antar negara pengekspor kakao olahan di pasar dunia. Metode yang digunakan adalah Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Indeks Spesialisasi Perdagangan dan Model Almost Ideal Demand System. Dari penelitian diketahui bahwa Indonesia memiliki daya saing tinggi untuk komoditas kakao pasta (Nilai Rata-Rata RCA 1,79), kakao butter (5,48) dan kakao bubuk (2,46), sedangkan cokelat Indonesia belum memiliki daya saing (0,23). Daya saing kakao pasta Indonesia dibawah Pantai Gading (Nilai Rata-Rata RCA 276,86), Belanda (4,94) dan Malaysia (2,46), lebih tinggi dari Jerman (1,09). Dalam kakao butter Indonesia diatas Perancis (2,02), namun dibawah Pantai Gading (91,67), Belanda (9,27) dan Malaysia (7,09). Sedangkan kakao bubuk dibawah Belanda (11,49) dan Malaysia (5,18), tapi diatas Spanyol (2,26) dan Jerman (0,74). Indeks Spesialisasi Perdagangan menjelaskan Indonesia di tahap matang. Pada kakao butter Indonesia dan Pantai Gading merupakan net eksportir. Sedangkan kakao bubuk Indonesia Belanda, Malaysia, Spanyol, dan Jerman berada pada tahap perluasan ekspor. Pasar dunia memandang bahwa kakao pasta Belanda dan Indonesia saling melengkapi sementara kakao pasta Jerman dan Indonesia saling bersubstitusi. Sedangkan kakao butter Indonesia dan Belanda saling berkomplementer. Oleh karena itu Indonesia perlu meningkatkan kualitas kakao pasta dan bubuk.dan tetap memberlakukan bea agar sebagia besar kakao dapat diolah sendiri sehingga dapat menaikan nilai tambah.
Pembelajaran berbasis TIK terhadap hasil belajar matematika dan motivasi belajar matematika siswa
Authors: Suratman Asep , Afyaman Dadi , Rakhmasari Rifa
Published: July 2019

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Berbasis TIK Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Dan Motivasi Belajar Matematika Siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis TIK terhadap hasil belajar dan motivasi belajar matematika siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan populasi Siswa SMA di Kabupaten Bandung Barat dan melalui teknik simple random sampling diperoleh sampel sebanyak 64 siswa. Teknik Manova digunakan untuk analisis data dengan menggunakan program aplikasi SPSS. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa model pembelajran berbasis TIK berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar dan motivasi belajar siswa.
Should a Decent Society become Liberal?
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Reza
Published: July 2019

In a particular view, John Rawls’ theory has two components. First is “Political Liberalism” which applies to western societies that over the past centuries have established a democratic structure and adhere to the rule of law. However, this theory is not a “comprehensive conception” and not for every society, but it is associated with them in the second component of Rawls’ theory. This is presented in The Law of Peoples. In this book Rawls elaborates his theory regarding societies which lack a democratic heritage, yet are regarded as “Decent Societies” and have the potential to become liberal societies. In his view, by accepting a non-liberal societies into the Society of People, the non-liberal society will be encouraged to become liberal. In this article we consider the theory proposed in The Law of Peoples with reference to Iranian society.
AÇÕES AFIRMATIVAS NO ENSINO SUPERIOR BRASILEIRO: CAMINHOS PARA A PERMANÊNCIA E O PROGRESSO ACADÊMICO DE ESTUDANTES DA ÁREA DAS CIÊNCIAS EXATAS
Authors: SILVA GUILHERME HENRIQUE GOMES DA
Published: July 2019

RESUMO: Este estudo aborda a questão do acesso e da permanência de estudantes pertencentes a grupos sub-representados no ensino superior. Seu propósito é compreender aspectos que contribuem para a permanência e o progresso acadêmico de estudantes beneficiados por ações afirmativas de cursos das ciências exatas. Utilizando-se de uma abordagem qualitativa, os dados foram produzidos a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas com estudantes de cursos superiores de exatas de duas universidades federais brasileiras, ingressantes por meio de ações afirmativas. Para a organização e análise dos dados, utilizaram-se ferramentas da análise de conteúdo, tendo como perspectiva teórica o inquérito crítico. A análise respaldou-se em um amplo referencial e forneceu indícios para compreender aspectos significativos da trajetória dos estudantes, os quais podem ser resumidos em cinco temas: preparação acadêmica inicial; integração social; integração acadêmica; o papel do corpo docente e elementos que transcendem o espaço pedagógico.
COMPETÊNCIAS DIGITAIS NA EDUCAÇÃO: UMA DISCUSSÃO ACERCA DO CONCEITO
Authors: SILVA KETIA KELLEN ARAÚJO DA , BEHAR PATRICIA ALEJANDRA
Published: July 2019

RESUMO: O presente artigo trata de uma revisão sistemática acerca do conceito de Competências Digitais (CD) na Educação. Para isso, utilizaram-se três bases de dados: Banco de Teses e Dissertações da Capes, Portal de Periódicos da Capes e Google Acadêmico com as palavras-chave Competências Digitais, Competência Digital e Digital Competence. Utilizaram-se publicações feitas entre 1997 e 2017, exclusão de textos coincidentes e seleção de textos de interesse. No total, foram levantadas 487 publicações tendo sido analisadas 40. Constatou-se a importância em compreender o conceito de CD, já que a complexidade tecnológica fez emergir diferentes necessidades. Assim, foi preciso traçar um histórico de termos que se relacionam, como Letramento Computacional, Letramento Informacional, Letramento em Mídias e Letramento Digital. Verificou-se que a maioria dos autores trata as competências digitais como um conjunto de elementos, a saber - conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes (CHA), necessários para que o sujeito atue por meio das tecnologias.
EXTRA-ARTICULAR RECONSTRUCTION ASSOCIATED WITH THE ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT IN BRAZIL
Authors: Helito Camilo Partezani , Amaral Junior Carlos do , Camargo Danilo Bordini , Bonadio Marcelo Batista , Pecora Jose Ricardo , Demange Marco Kawamura
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the knowledge and technical preferences of Brazilian knee surgeons in relation to the treatment of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries using intra-articular reconstruction in combination with extra-articular reconstruction. Methods: A questionnaire consisting of 16 questions about intra-articular ACL reconstruction in combination with extra-articular procedures and about the Anterolateral Ligament (ALL) was applied at the 48th Brazilian Congress of Orthopedics. Results: One hundred thirty-seven surgeons answered the questionnaire. Most surgeons perform 10-30 ACL reconstructions per year, with the transtibial technique appearing as the most common. Most surgeons find some percentage of residual pivot-shift after reconstructions, but the minority performs extra-articular procedures on a routine basis. The main indications for extra-articular reconstruction are revision and profuse pivot-shift cases. Most surgeons consider the ALL a true ligament, but 46.7% with less biomechanical importance and 32.3% with greater importance in knee stability. However, 91.4% had a positive perception of the reconstruction of this structure. Conclusion: Although the preferred technique is still the transtibial procedure, combined anatomical reconstructions already make up more than 50% of cases. Extra-articular reconstructions associated with the ACL are still performed by the minority of Brazilian surgeons, but 91.4% of them report having had a positive perception with their reconstruction. Level of Evidence III, Descriptive Study.
BRAZILIAN CONSENSUS STATEMENT ON VISCOSUPPLEMENTATION OF THE KNEE (COBRAVI)
Authors: Campos Gustavo Constantino de , Sousa Eduardo Branco de , Hamdan Paulo César , Almeida Júnior Cyro Scala de , Tieppo Antonio Martins , Rezende Marcia Uchôa de , Alchaar Adrieni Antunes do Amaral , Pinheiro Carlos Bruno , Rocha Eduardo de Melo Carvalho , Cunha Fabiano Gonçalves , Pacheco Ivan , Vieira Mário Sérgio Rossi , Antonio Sílvio Figueira , Menegassi Zartur José Barcelos
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this consensus statement on viscosupplementation is to serve as a reference document based on relevant literature and clinical experience in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis using an intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid, covering key aspects such as clinical indications, effectiveness, and tolerability. Methods: A multidisciplinary panel including two sports medicine physicians, six orthopedists, four physiatrists, and two rheumatologists were selected based on their clinical and academic experience of viscosupplementation. Sixteen statements were prepared and discussed, after which a vote was held. Each member of the panel gave a score between 0 and 10 on a Likert scale, specifying their level of agreement with the statement. Results: The panel reached a consensus on several issues. Specifically, the panel agreed that the best indication is for mild to moderate knee arthrosis; prior or concomitant use of intraarticular triamcinolone hexacetonide may optimize the effect of hyaluronic acid; viscosupplementation should not be performed as an isolated procedure but in conjunction with other rehabilitative and pharmacological measures; viscosupplementation has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and chondroprotective effects; and viscosupplementation is cost-effective. Conclusion: This consensus statement provides clear information and guidance for both individuals and payers. Level of evidence V, Consensus statement.
DOES TOPICAL USE OF GENTAMICIN REDUCE THE INFECTION RATE IN PRIMARY TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY?
Authors: Oliveira Caio Luiz de Toledo , Elias Felipe Abrahão , Ribacionka André dos Santos , Picado Celso Hermínio Ferraz , Garcia Flávio Luís
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine whether the topical use of gentamicin reduces periprosthetic joint infection rates in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods: We retrospectively evaluated two cohorts of patients who underwent primary THA in a university hospital, with a minimum of 1-year postoperative follow-up and full clinical, laboratory, and radiological documentation. Patients who underwent operation in the first 59 months of the study period (263 hips) received only intravenous cefazolin as antibiotic prophylaxis (Cef group), and those who underwent operation in the following 43 months (170 hips) received intravenous cefazolin plus topical gentamicin directly applied on the wound as antibiotic prophylaxis (Cef + Gen group). For the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection, we used the criteria of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Data were analyzed using the Fisher exact test, and p values of <0.05 were considered significant. Results: Thirteen hips (4.9%) in the Cef group and eight hips (4.7%) in the Cef + Gen group presented periprosthetic joint infection. Statistical analysis revealed no difference between the infection rates (p = 1.0). Conclusion: Topical gentamicin as used in this study did not reduce periprosthetic joint infection rates in primary THA. Level of Evidence III, Retrospective comparative study.
FROM PRESCRIBED WORK TO THE REAL WORK OF NURSING IN IN-PATIENT CARE UNITS OF FEDERAL UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS
Authors: Oro Julieta , Gelbcke Francine Lima , Sousa Virgínia Aparecida de Faria , Scherer Magda Duarte dos Anjos
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify similarities and differences found between the prescribed and real nursing work, from the perspective of nursing professionals of in-patient care units of federal university hospitals. Method: qualitative research with a descriptive and transversal exploratory design. Data collection was based on floating observation of the service; interview with two managers and twenty-three nursing professionals; and shadowing a nurse and nursing technician during their work shift. The data were organized using the Atlas.ti software, using the Thematic Content Analysis, supported by the Health Work Process and the Ergological Approach theoretical framework. Results: the results showed that there are similarities between the prescribed and the real nursing work which is determined by the division of work, which remains linked to the professional categories, and in relation to the team there is a multiprofessional work perspective. The differences are related to the management between the institutions and to the work pace. Both the similarities and the differences are connected to the one prescribed to the profession, being that there are movements of renormalizations, redefining the work organization, mainly with a view to integrative care, from the perspective of subjectivity. Conclusion: it is necessary to reconsider work, as the practices can be modified by the nursing professionals when they acquire new knowledge that substantiates work reorganization.
SUBSTITUTION GESTATION: THE FAMILY IN THE DISCUSSIONS OF THE BRAZILIAN WRITTEN MEDIA
Authors: Freitas Kelly Ribeiro de , Kruse Maria Henriqueta Luce
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the different positions of the subject attributed to the family in the substitution gestation process. Method: documentary-type qualitative research, based on Cultural Studies, in the post-structuralism field, based on Michel Foucault's discourse and statement tools. For such, there were analyzed discourses published in the Brazilian written media, between September and December in the year 2016, on subjects who experienced the substitution gestation. Results: The speeches point out that the biological parents should monitor and control gestation. They emphasize that the cares with the baby, especially maternal breastfeeding, must be accompanied by the father and realized by the biological mother. Another point is that such technology makes it possible to experience the position of culturally constituted father and mother for the subjects who wish to have children. The discourses reinforce distinct roles for biological father and mother and surrogate mothers, presented as happy with this family formation. The statements divide, distribute and order the roles of motherhood between the two mothers in order in order to naturalize the substitution gestation. To this end, they reinforce the discourses on maternal breastfeeding and emphasize the medicalization of the female body in the substitution gestation. Conclusion: the substitution gestation was recognized as a distinct conception form, but reinforce that it does not entail another maternity form. The media are concerned with demonstrating the rituals that assist in the constitution of maternal and paternal subjects, in order to teach ways of living this gestation. Therefore, experiencing the substitution gestation is one of the possibilities for constituting a family.
Elaboração e análise sensorial de biscoito tipo cookie feito a partir da farinha do caroço de abacate
Authors: Silva Igor Gondin da , Andrade Ana Paula Colares de , Silva Larissa Morais Ribeiro da , Gomes Deyzilene Soares
Published: July 2019

Resumo Uma boa alternativa que vem sendo desenvolvida e aplicada nos últimos anos é o aproveitamento de resíduos oriundos do processamento de frutas e hortaliças. Grande parte do que é descartado dessas matérias-primas, tais como cascas, sementes e talos, pode ser reaproveitada na produção de novos alimentos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver e avaliar a aceitação de biscoito tipo cookie elaborado a partir da farinha do caroço de abacate. Três formulações foram utilizadas no desenvolvimento do cookie: F1 (formulação do biscoito com acréscimo de 5% da farinha do caroço de abacate); F2 (formulação do biscoito com acréscimo de 10% da farinha do caroço de abacate) e F3 (formulação do biscoito com acréscimo de 20% da farinha do caroço de abacate). Em seguida, os biscoitos foram avaliados sob o ponto de vista físico-químico (umidade, cinzas, lipídeos, proteínas, carboidratos e valor calórico) e sensorial (aceitabilidade dos atributos aparência, cor, textura e sabor, além da intenção de compra). Entre as formulações testadas, a F1 (formulação do biscoito com acréscimo de 5% da farinha do caroço de abacate) foi mais bem aceita pelos provadores, visto que apresentou as maiores notas nos atributos sensoriais avaliados e uma intenção de compra acima da média (70%). Dessa forma, este estudo demonstrou a importância do aproveitamento integral de resíduos provenientes do processamento de produtos de origem vegetal no desenvolvimento de um novo produto, que apresenta potencial para a comercialização e um maior valor nutricional.
Benevolence Toward Schizophrenia Scale: Construction and evidence of validation
Authors: MELO Juliana Rízia Félix de , MACIEL Silvana Carneiro , OLIVEIRA Marcelo Xavier de , CAMINO Leoncio Francisco , CARVALHO Thayro Andrade
Published: July 2019

Abstract The aim of this study was to construct and seek evidence for the validity of the Escala de Benevolência frente à Esquizofrenia (Benevolence Toward Schizophrenia Scale). Two studies were conducted in Joao Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. Study 1 describes the development and evidence of the factor validity of the Benevolence Toward Schizophrenia Scale with a sample composed of 200 university students aged 16 to 51 years old (M = 25.31; SD = 7.21). The data were subjected to exploratory factor analysis, which revealed one single seven-item factor that explained 37.74% of the variance and a satisfactory Cronbach’s alpha (0.77). The aim of Study 2 was to test the goodness-of-fit of the Benevolence Toward Schizophrenia Scale factor structure with a sample composed of 200 university students aged 16 to 52 years old (M = 24.82; SD = 6.97). The one-factor structure exhibited adequate goodness-of-fit; the composite reliability value was 0.83, which indicates scale stability and satisfactory psychometric parameters for assessing benevolent prejudice toward schizophrenia.
Use of a coupled SBR–MBR for treatment of produced water enriched by halophilic bacteria
Authors: Rahmaninezhad Seyed Ali
Published: July 2019

The performance of a sequencing batch bioreactor (SBR) coupled with a membrane bioreactor (MBR) for treatment of hypersaline produced water by insertion of a halophilic bacterial consortium was tested at three different organic loading rates (OLRs): 1, 2 and 4 (kg chemical oxygen (O2) demand (COD)/m3)/d. Four total dissolved solids (TDS) concentrations (20, 50, 80 and 120 g/l) were investigated in this study. At different TDS concentrations and OLRs, COD removal was found to be efficient at 91·3–99·5% and the amount of mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) varied from 4·61 to 9·88 g/l. The amounts of COD removal and MLSS increased with increased OLRs and decreased in hypersaline concentrations. Increases in TDS had a negative effect on membrane flux and fouling rates, but, in this hybrid system, the reduction in flux with increase in TDS was minor, while high-quality treated water was produced from the immersed membrane.
Selçuk Üniversitesi Öğrencilerinin Sağlık Hizmetlerinden Yararlanma Durumları
Authors: Ural Sevda , Kara Fatih
Published: July 2019

Çalışmanın amacı
Selçuk Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin sağlık hizmetlerinden yararlanma durumları
ve etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesidir. Selçuk Üniversitesi'nde lisans
düzeyinde öğrenim gören 23 900 öğrenci çalışmanın evrenini oluşturdu, örneklem
büyüklüğü hesaplandığında 1 600 öğrenciye ulaşılmasına karar verildi.
Örneklemin tamamına ulaşıldı. Veriler ortalama, standart sapma ve yüzdelerle
özetlendi. Kategorik verilerin karşılaştırılmasında ki kare testi kullanıldı.
Ayrıca değişkenlerin birbiri üzerindeki etkilerinin değerlendirilmesinde logit
model kullanıldı. Çalışmaya alınan öğrencilerin %55'i kadın ve %5,4'u 25 yaş ve
üzerindeydi ve %82,9'u gelir düzeyini "orta" olarak ifade etti.
Sosyal güvencesi olmayanların oranı %3,7, herhangi bir kronik hastalığa sahip
olma oranı %3,4 olarak belirlendi. Öğrencilerin %60,8'i sadece ciddi bir
hastalık durumunda sağlık kurumuna başvurduğunu, %55,7'si de sağlık
hizmetlerinden yeterince yararlanamadığını düşündüğünü belirtti. Öğrenciler
acil olmayan durumlarda çoğunlukla devlet hastanelerini tercih ettiği ve bu
seçimlerinde sosyal güvence ve yakınlık faktörünün etkili olduğunu ifade etti.
Sağlık ile ilgili bilgi ve davranışları öğrenmeye en açık olunan, çoğunlukla
genç nüfusun mevcut olduğu üniversitelerde yaşanan sağlık sorunları ve sağlık
hizmetlerinin kullanımı, sağlık sektörüne güven duyulması ve sağlıklı bir
gelecek için önemlidir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre gençlerin sağlık
hizmetlerinden yeterince yararlanabilmeleri için gerekli düzenlemelerin
yapılması gerektiği kanısına varıldı.
En busca de una comunidad intelectual hispanoamericana: circulación de ideas, autores hispanoamericanos y liberalismo en Colombia, 1848-1890
Authors: Varela Yepes Jorge Andrés
Published: July 2019

Este artículo estudia los mecanismos de circulación de intelectuales hispanoamericanos en Colombia durante la segunda mitad del siglo xix. Dicho período evidenció una modernización de la prensa y el mercado del libro en la región, que expandió el espacio de acción de los intelectuales, generando conexiones entre ellos y permitiendo el desarrollo de un debate continental, especialmente alrededor del liberalismo. En particular, el liberalismo colombiano tuvo álgidos debates con el liberalismo chileno. A raíz de los intercambios, se consolidó una comunidad intelectual hispanoamericana.
High Dose STZ Induction Protocol v1
Authors: Brosius Frank
Published: July 2019

Summary: This protocol is used by DiaComp members to induce diabetes in a number of the animal models developed by the consortium. STZ is toxic to the insulin- producing beta cells of the pancreas and used to induce a diabetes similar to a type I diabetic (Reference). Some reports suggest cellular toxicity outside of the pancreas. STZ also exhibits broad spectrum antibacterial properties and alters the gut microbiota. Please ensure that appropriate controls are included in all studies and complementary models considered (e.g. the Ins2Akita mouse). Diabetic Complications:
European Research Infrastructure Consortia: International Organization under European Law or Legal Entities Sui Generis?
Authors: Chetverikov A. O.
Published: July 2019

The paper in the theoretical and practical aspects considers the legal status and the legal nature of a new, unique organizational legal form of legal entities created by the law of the European Union in the development of integration processes in the infrastructure of research activities, including megascience. The adoption of the EU legislation on European research infrastructure consortia is due to the desire to overcome the shortcomings of the «classical» forms of implementation of international scientific and infrastructure projects, namely the forms of international intergovernmental organizations and national legal entities with international membership.

The EU regulation on European research infrastructure consortia, adopted in 2009, provides that as their main task such consortia have the construction and operation of the research infrastructure for the purpose of forming the European research area.

In terms of the structure, establishment and operation, European research infrastructure consortia have common features with international intergovernmental organizations, limited liability companies, as well as a number of unique features arising from the application of the EU integration law to them. Hence, the complex question on the legal nature of European research infrastructure consortia arise. The author shows the impossibility of reducing consortia to international intergovernmental organizations. Similarly, consortia are not equivalent to national legal entities. While agreeing with the European Commission, the author concludes that consortia should be considered as legal entities sui generis (of a special kind), although this solution is not ideal. As a practical result of the study, the author proposes to start the preparation of the Agreement on the Eurasian Scientific and Technological Integration immediately within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union and to provide for provisions on the Eurasian consortia of research infrastructure, which will be an analogue and competitor for the European consortia considered in the paper.
Adaptation disorders caused by nephrectomy
Authors: Shormanov Igor S. , Los Marina S. , Kosenko Maxim V.
Published: July 2019

Currently, nephrectomy is performed for various diseases, and the number of this type of surgery does not have a clear tendency to decrease. Operational stress is accompanied by a triggering mechanism for a wide range of disorders, among which psycho-emotional and vegetative (vascular) reactions are important clinical markers. The study of the systemic adaptive reactivity of the body after nephrectomy will provide an integrated approach to the study of the problem of the postoperative period and the rehabilitation of the patient in clinical practice.

Objective: to identify the effect of nephrectomy on the overall adaptive response of animals when white rats are exposed to damaging physical loads (acute hyperthermia) and chemical (acute alcohol poisoning, nephrotoxic agents) of nature, normobaric hypoxia, limiting muscular loads and immobilization stress.

The results of the experiment showed that laboratory animals with a single kidney become more sensitive (1.5 times) to nephrotoxic agents. Analysis of the effect of nephrectomy on the overall adaptive response of animals under the influence of various damaging factors to reduce the body’s resistance to hypoxia by 20% (p > 0.05); to limit muscular loads – by 25% (p > 0.05); hyperthermia – by 25% (p < 0.05); chemical agents – by one third (p < 0.05); to immobilization stress – by 28% (p < 0.05).

Conclusion. The study demonstrated a significant negative impact of nephrectomy on the overall adaptive capacity of the body and allowed to clarify the functional characteristics of the general adaptation disorders in connection with this operation.