bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low-intensity low-frequency pulsed ultrasound ameliorates sciatic nerve dysfunction in a rat model of cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Bilir-Yildiz Busra , Sunay Fatma Bahar , Yilmaz Hatice Fulya , Bozkurt-Girit Ozlem
Published: May 2022

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is a neurological complication that frequently occurs during chemotherapeutic intervention, resulting in damaged myelin sheath, motor weakness and/or sensory impairment. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic efficiency of low-intensity pulsed low-frequency ultrasound on cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. Rats were randomly divided into five experimental groups as control, cisplatin administration, 10 mg/kg melatonin treatment after cisplatin administration, 1 MHz frequency 0.5 W/cm2 pulsed ultrasound treatment after cisplatin administration and 1 MHz frequency 1.5 W/cm2 pulsed ultrasound treatment after cisplatin administration. Chemical neuropathy was induced by the injection of 3 mg/kg/week of cisplatin (i.p.) for 5 weeks. Afterwards, melatonin and pulsed ultrasound treatments were applied for 15 consecutive days. Cisplatin administration resulted in a decrease in nociceptive pain perception and nerve conduction velocities together with a decrease in myelin thickness and diameters of axons and myelinated fibers, indicating a dysfunction and degeneration in sciatic nerves. In addition, cisplatin administration led to a decrease, in superoxide dismutase activity, and an increase in malondialdehyde and IL-1β levels together with an increase in caspase-3 protein expression levels and a decrease in Bcl-2 and Parkin levels. The ultrasound treatments resulted in an increase in nociceptive pain perception and sciatic nerve conduction; led to a decrease in oxidative stress and inflammation, restored nerve degeneration and regulated apoptosis and mitophagy. Taken together, low-intensity pulsed low-frequency ultrasound was efficient in restoring the alterations attributable to cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy, and warrants further investigations.
Isolate sets partition benefits community detection of parallel Louvain method
Authors: Qie Hang , Li Shijie , Dou Yong , Xu Jinwei , Xiong Yunsheng , Gao Zikai
Published: May 2022

Community detection is a vital task in many fields, such as social networks, and financial analysis, to name a few. The Louvain method, the main workhorse of community detection, is a popular heuristic method based on modularity. But it is difficult for the sequential Louvain method to deal with large-scale graphs. In order to overcome the drawback, researchers have proposed several parallel Louvain methods (Parallel Louvain Method, PLM), which suffer two challenges: (1) latency in the information synchronization and (2) communities swap. To tackle these two challenges, we propose a graph partition algorithm for the parallel Louvain method. Different from existing graph partition algorithms, our graph partition algorithm divides the graph into subgraphs called isolate sets, in which vertices are relatively decoupled from others, and the PLM computes and synchronizes information without delay and communities swap. We first describe concepts and properties of isolate sets. In the second place, we propose an algorithm to divide the graph into isolate sets, which enjoys the same computation complexity as the breadth-first search. Finally, we propose the isolate-set-based parallel Louvain method, which calculates and updates vertices information without latency and communities swap. We implement our method with OpenMP on an 8-cores PC. Experiments on 18 graphs show that our parallel method achieves a maximum 4.62 $$\times $$
×
speedup compared with the sequential method, and outputs higher modularity on 14 graphs.
Modeling of wave run-up by applying integrated models of group method of data handling
Authors: Mahdavi-Meymand Amin , Zounemat-Kermani Mohammad , Sulisz Wojciech , Silva Rodolfo
Published: May 2022

Wave-induced inundation in coastal zones is a serious problem for residents. Accurate prediction of wave run-up height is a complex phenomenon in coastal engineering. In this study, several machine learning (ML) models are developed to simulate wave run-up height. The developed methods are based on optimization techniques employing the group method of data handling (GMDH). The invasive weed optimization (IWO), firefly algorithm (FA), teaching–learning-based optimization (TLBO), harmony search (HS), and differential evolution (DE) meta-heuristic optimization algorithms are embedded with the GMDH to yield better feasible optimization. Preliminary results indicate that the developed ML models are robust tools for modeling the wave run-up height. All ML models’ accuracies are higher than empirical relations. The obtained results show that employing heuristic methods enhances the accuracy of the standard GMDH model. As such, the FA, IWO, DE, TLBO, and HS improve theRMSEcriterion of the standard GMDH by the rate of 47.5%, 44.7%, 24.1%, 41.1%, and 34.3%, respectively. The GMDH-FA and GMDH-IWO are recommended for applications in coastal engineering.
Delayed processing of blood samples impairs the accuracy of mRNA-based biomarkers
Authors: Wilson Chace , Dias Nicholas W. , Pancini Stefania , Mercadante Vitor , Biase Fernando H.
Published: May 2022

The transcriptome of peripheral white blood cells (PWBCs) are indicators of an organism’s physiological state, thus making them a prime biological sample for mRNA-based biomarker discovery. Here, we designed an experiment to evaluate the impact of delayed processing of whole blood samples on gene transcript abundance in PWBCs. We hypothesized that storing blood samples for 24 h at 4 °C would cause RNA degradation resulting in altered transcriptome profiles. There were no statistical differences in RNA quality parameters among samples processed after one, three, six, or eight hours post collection. Additionally, no significant differences were noted in RNA quality parameters or gene transcript abundance between samples collected from the jugular and coccygeal veins. However, samples processed after 24 h of storage had a lower RNA integrity number value (P = 0.03) in comparison to those processed after one hour of storage. Using RNA-sequencing, we identified four and 515 genes with differential transcript abundance in samples processed after storage for eight and 24 h, respectively, relative to samples processed after one hour. Sequencing coverage of transcripts was similar between samples from the 24-h and one-hour groups, thus showing no indication of RNA degradation. This alteration in transcriptome profiles can impair the accuracy of mRNA-based biomarkers, therefore, blood samples collected for mRNA-based biomarker discovery should be refrigerated immediately and processed within six hours post-sampling.
Brain structural alterations and clinical features of cognitive frailty in Japanese community-dwelling older adults: the Arao study (JPSC-AD)
Authors: Yoshiura Kazuhiro , Fukuhara Ryuji , Ishikawa Tomohisa , Tsunoda Naoko , Koyama Asuka , Miyagawa Yusuke , Hidaka Yosuke , Hashimoto Mamoru , Ikeda Manabu , Takebayashi Minoru , Shimodozono Megumi
Published: May 2022

Cognitive frailty (CF) is a clinical condition defined by the presence of both mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and physical frailty (PF). Elderly with CF are at greater risk of dementia than those with MCI or PF alone, but there are few known clinical or neuroimaging features to reliably distinguish CF from PF or MCI. We therefore conducted a population-based cross-sectional study of community elderly combining physical, cognitive, neuropsychiatric, and multisequence magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluations. The MRI evaluation parameters included white matter (WM) lesion volumes, perivascular and deep subcortical WM lesion grades, lacunar infarct prevalence, microbleed number, and regional medial temporal lobe (MTL) volumes. Participants were divided into 4 groups according to the presence or absence of MCI and PF—(1) no MCI, PF (n = 27); (2) no PF, MCI (n = 119); (3) CF (MCI + PF) (n = 21), (4) normal controls (n = 716). Unique features of CF included shorter one-leg standing time; severe depressive symptoms; and MRI signs of significantly more WM lesions, lacunar infarcts, small-vessel disease lesions, microbleeds, and reduced MTL volumes. These unique deficits suggest that interventions for CF prevention and treatment should focus on motor skills, depressive symptoms, and vascular disease risk factor control.
The top 5 causes of death in China from 2000 to 2017
Authors: Zou Haiyin , Li Zheng , Tian Xinjie , Ren Yongcheng
Published: May 2022

Limited information is available on the epidemiological characteristics of major causes of death in the last 18 years. In this study, we investigated the epidemiological characteristics of the top 5 causes of death in China from 2000 to 2017. Data were obtained from the 18-year reports of Ministry of Health and analyzed by Grid Search Method, Permutation test, and log-linear regression model. The top 5 consistent causes of death, malignant tumor, cerebrovascular disease, heart trouble, respiratory disease, trauma and toxicosis accounted for 82.6% in 2000, 86.49% in 2017 in urban areas and 83.31% in 2000, 88.34% in 2017 in rural areas. The increasing trends (P < 0.05) of proportions of death of malignant tumor, cerebrovascular disease, and heart trouble have average annual percent change (AAPC) = 0.5%, 0.3%, 2.4% in urban areas and 1.7%, 1.5%, 4.3% in rural areas. The AAPCs of respiratory disease are − 1.4% in urban areas and − 3.6% in rural areas. Cardio-cerebrovascular disease increased (Urban: 39.02% to 43.56%, AAPC = 1.3%, P < 0.05; Rural: 32.03% to 45.91%, AAPC = 2.7%, P < 0.05) steeply from 2000 to 2017 which are higher than that of malignant tumor (P < 0.05). The top 5 causes of death in China accounted for more than 85% of all deaths in 2017, in which cardio-cerebrovascular disease accounted for the largest proportion with the steepest increasing trend.
A successful defense of the narrow-leafed lupin against anthracnose involves quick and orchestrated reprogramming of oxidation–reduction, photosynthesis and pathogenesis-related genes
Authors: Książkiewicz Michał , Rychel-Bielska Sandra , Plewiński Piotr , Bielski Wojciech , Nuc Maria , Kozak Bartosz , Krajewski Paweł , Jędryczka Małgorzata
Published: May 2022

Narrow-leafed lupin (NLL, Lupinus angustifolius L.) is a legume plant cultivated for grain production and soil improvement. Worldwide expansion of NLL as a crop attracted various pathogenic fungi, including Colletotrichum lupini causing a devastating disease, anthracnose. Two alleles conferring improved resistance, Lanr1 and AnMan, were exploited in NLL breeding, however, underlying molecular mechanisms remained unknown. In this study, European NLL germplasm was screened with Lanr1 and AnMan markers. Inoculation tests in controlled environment confirmed effectiveness of both resistance donors. Representative resistant and susceptible lines were subjected to differential gene expression profiling. Resistance to anthracnose was associated with overrepresentation of “GO:0006952 defense response”, “GO:0055114 oxidation–reduction process” and “GO:0015979 photosynthesis” gene ontology terms. Moreover, the Lanr1 (83A:476) line revealed massive transcriptomic reprogramming quickly after inoculation, whereas other lines showed such a response delayed by about 42 h. Defense response was associated with upregulation of TIR-NBS, CC-NBS-LRR and NBS-LRR genes, pathogenesis-related 10 proteins, lipid transfer proteins, glucan endo-1,3-beta-glucosidases, glycine-rich cell wall proteins and genes from reactive oxygen species pathway. Early response of 83A:476, including orchestrated downregulation of photosynthesis-related genes, coincided with the successful defense during fungus biotrophic growth phase, indicating effector-triggered immunity. Mandelup response was delayed and resembled general horizontal resistance.
EEG time–frequency analysis reveals blunted tendency to approach and increased processing of unpleasant stimuli in dysphoria
Authors: Dell’Acqua Carola , Dal Bò Elisa , Moretta Tania , Palomba Daniela , Messerotti Benvenuti Simone
Published: May 2022

To date, affective and cognitive processing of emotional information in individuals with depressive symptoms have been examined through peripheral psychophysiological measures, event-related potentials, and time–frequency analysis of oscillatory activity. However, electrocortical correlates of emotional and cognitive processing of affective content in depression have not been fully understood. Time–frequency analysis of electroencephalographic activity allows disentangling the brain's parallel processing of information. The present study employed a time–frequency approach to simultaneously examine affective disposition and cognitive processing during the viewing of emotional stimuli in dysphoria. Time–frequency event-related changes were examined during the viewing of pleasant, neutral and unpleasant pictures in 24 individuals with dysphoria and 24 controls. Affective disposition was indexed by delta and alpha power, while theta power was employed as a correlate of cognitive elaboration of the stimuli. Cluster-based statistics revealed a centro-parietal reduction in delta power for pleasant stimuli in individuals with dysphoria relative to controls. Also, dysphoria was characterized by an early fronto-central increase in theta power for unpleasant stimuli relative to neutral and pleasant ones. Comparatively, controls were characterized by a late fronto-central and occipital reduction in theta power for unpleasant stimuli relative to neutral and pleasant. The present study granted novel insights on the interrelated facets of affective elaboration in dysphoria, mainly characterized by a hypoactivation of the approach-related motivational system and a sustained facilitated cognitive processing of unpleasant stimuli.
Long-term drug effectiveness and survival for reference rituximab in rheumatoid arthritis patients in an ordinary outpatient clinic
Authors: Łosińska Katarzyna , Wilk Mateusz , Pripp Are Hugo , Korkosz Mariusz , Haugeberg Glenn
Published: May 2022

To explore the long-term drug effectiveness and survival of reference rituximab (ref-RTX)-treated rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients in an ordinary outpatient clinic. Second, we explored baseline predictors of drug effectiveness and survival, and third, we clarified reasons for stopping treatment. RA patients treated with ref-RTX between 2006 and 2020 in Norway were examined and monitored using recommended measures for disease activity and patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Drug effectiveness was assessed with random intercept linear mixed models; drug survival was assessed with Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Reasons for discontinuation were ascertained. Baseline predictors of drug effectiveness and survival were estimated. Among 246 RA patients, at baseline, 17.1% were biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) naïve, and 51.6% were currently using conventional synthetic DMARDs (csDMARDs). During the five-year follow-up, all disease activity and PRO measures improved significantly (p < 0.01), with more substantial changes noted in the second year. Drug survival was 83% after one year and declined to 34% after five years. The two most frequently reported reasons for discontinuation were the doctor’s decision (36.2%) and lack or loss of effectiveness (19.2%). No significant difference was found between naïve and previous users of bDMARDs or between concomitant and nonconcomitant users of csDMARDs when analysing drug effectiveness and survival. Our real-life data show that ref-RTX-treated RA patients had satisfactory treatment responses; drug survival declined linearly over time. There was no significant difference between naïve and previous users of bDMARDs or between concomitant and nonconcomitant users of csDMARDs, both for drug effectiveness and survival.
Silica removal at sewage treatment plants causes new silica deficiency
Authors: Kubo Atsushi , Kawarasaki Koki , Hara Hiroshi
Published: May 2022

The dissolved silicate (DSi) concentration in coastal waters has decreased due to anthropogenic activities. Many studies have indicated that dam construction is a main reason for this reduction. However, recently, dam construction alone has not been sufficient to explain the DSi reduction in some coastal waters. In this study, we focused on silica removal at sewage treatment plants (STPs). DSi and particulate silica (PSi) concentrations were measured in STP influent and effluent waters from September 2020 to September 2021. Dissolution experiments on PSi were also conducted to estimate the fraction of soluble PSi in the STP influent. DSi and PSi were removed by 29.5% and 96.9%, respectively, at the STP. In addition, the soluble PSi in the STP influent accounted for 20.3% of the PSi removed. Therefore, in addition to the DSi removal in STPs, removal of soluble PSi can also cause potential DSi depletion in downstream and coastal waters. In addition to the effect of dams, the silica supply delivered to coastal waters may be further reduced in the future due to the progress of sewage treatment development in coastal areas.
Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) can potentially predict vascular complications and reliably risk stratify patients with peripheral arterial disease
Authors: Ehsan Mehroz , Syed Muzammil H. , Zamzam Abdelrahman , Jahanpour Niousha , Singh Krishna K. , Abdin Rawand , Qadura Mohammad
Published: May 2022

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is expressed in atherosclerotic plaques and implicated in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is an atherosclerotic disease that often results in major cardiovascular events. This study aimed to prospectively examine the potential of urine NGAL (uNGAL) in predicting worsening PAD status and major adverse limb events (MALE). Baseline urine NGAL (uNGAL) and urine creatinine (uCr) concentrations were measured in PAD (n = 121) and non-PAD (n = 77) patients. Levels of uNGAL were normalized for urine creatinine (uNGAL/uCr). Outcomes included worsening PAD status, which was defined as a drop in ankle brachial index (ABI) > 0.15, and major adverse limb events (MALE), which was defined as a need for surgical revascularization or amputations. PAD patients had 2.30-fold higher levels of uNGAL/uCr [median (IQR) 31.8 (17.0–62.5) μg/g] in comparison to non-PAD patients [median (IQR) 73.3 (37.5–154.7) μg/g] (P = 0.011). Multivariate cox analysis showed that uNGAL/uCr levels were independently associated with predicting worsening PAD status and MALE outcomes. Cumulative survival analysis, over follow up period, demonstrated a direct correlation between elevated uNGAL/uCr levels and PAD disease progression and MALE outcomes. These data demonstrate an association between elevated uNGAL/uCr levels and worsening PAD disease status and MALE outcomes, indicating its potential for risk-stratification of PAD patients.
Manipulation of fatty acid profile and nutritional quality of Chlorella vulgaris by supplementing with citrus peel fatty acid
Authors: Jahromi Kourosh Ghodrat , Koochi Zhila Heydari , Kavoosi Gholamreza , Shahsavar Alireza
Published: May 2022

Microalgae could be an excellent resource of functional and essential fatty acids. To achieve viable microalgal biomass production, mass cultivation of microalgae is required; however, the high cost of nutrients is the obstacle. An inexpensive and nutritious material is required to feed Chlorella vulgaris in the pharmaceutical and food sectors. Citrus peel waste with a valuable nutritional quality could be one of the promising and inexpensive candidates. In this study, the fatty acid extract from different citrus peels was used as the organic nutrient source for the cultivation of Chlorella. The proximate composition of bitter orange, sweet orange, grapefruit, and mandarin peels were determined, and their nutritional quality was evaluated. Total fatty acids from the citrus peel were prepared by acidic methanol hydrolysis and hexane extraction. Fourier transforms infrared (FT-IR) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was used to analyze the fatty acid composition and nutrient composition. Fatty acids from the citrus peels were added to the Chlorella culture medium to study their influences on biomass, lipid production, fatty acid profile, and nutritional quality of Chlorella. The most predominant citrus peel fatty acids were linoleic, palmitic, oleic, linolenic, and stearic acids. The citrus peels contain polyunsaturated, saturated, and monounsaturated fatty acids. The most unsaturated fatty acids were omega-6, omega-3, omega-9, and omega-7. The citrus peel had acceptable atherogenicity, thrombogenicity, omega-6/omega-3, peroxidizability, hypocholesterolemic, and nutritive value indices. The major fatty acids of Chlorella were palmitic, linoleic, oleic, alpha-linolenic, gamma-linolenic, 4,7,10,13-hexadecatetraenoic, palmitoleic, 7,10-hexadecadienoic, 7,10,13-hexadecatrienoic, lauric and 5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acids. Chlorella contains polyunsaturated, saturated, and monounsaturated fatty acids. The most unsaturated fatty acids contain omega-6, omega-3, omega-9, and omega-7. Chlorella had acceptable atherogenicity, thrombogenicity, omega-6/omega-3, hypocholesterolemic, peroxidizability, and nutritive value indices. Supplementation of Chlorella with citrus peels fatty acid increases total biomass, lipid content, and nutritional quality of Chlorella. The present research shows that citrus peels have good nutritional quality and could be used for the inexpensive cultivation of Chlorella biomass with potential utility for food application.
Use of intravascular ultrasound and long-term cardiac death or myocardial infarction in patients receiving current generation drug-eluting stents
Authors: Lee Sang Yoon , Choi Ki Hong , Song Young Bin , Park Taek Kyu , Lee Joo Myung , Yang Jeong Hoon , Choi Jin-Ho , Choi Seung-Hyuk , Gwon Hyeon-Cheol , Hahn Joo-Yong
Published: May 2022

Long-term follow-up data on differential effects of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) according to lesion complexity are limited in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The current study compared long-term clinical outcomes between IVUS-guided and angiography-guided PCI in patients with second-generation drug-eluting stents (DES). Between February 2008 and December 2015, 5488 patients undergoing PCI with second-generation DES were recruited from an institutional registry of Samsung Medical Center. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiac death or myocardial infarction (MI) during 46 months of median follow-up (interquartile range: 32–102 months). IVUS-guided PCI was performed in 979 patients (17.8%). IVUS-guided PCI was associated with a significantly lower risk of cardiac death or MI compared with angiography-guided PCI (5.7% vs. 12.9%, hazard ratio 0.408, 95% confidence interval 0.284–0.587, p < 0.001). Results were consistent after propensity score matching analysis with 801 matched pairs. In subgroup analysis, there was no significant interaction between lesion complexity (defined by complex procedures, Pinteraction = 0.819, ACC/AHA lesion classification, Pinteraction = 0.401 or SYNTAX score, Pinteraction = 0.149) and use of IVUS for risk of cardiac death or MI. IVUS-guided second-generation DES implantation was associated with a significantly lower long-term risk of cardiac death or MI compared with angiography guidance, regardless of lesion complexity.
Identification of candidate genes associated with bacterial and viral infections in wild boars hunted in Tuscany (Italy)
Authors: Fabbri M. C. , Crovetti A. , Tinacci L. , Bertelloni F. , Armani A. , Mazzei M. , Fratini F. , Bozzi R. , Cecchi F.
Published: May 2022

Wild boar (Sus scrofaL.) is one of the large mammals most spread worldwide, highly adaptable, and its population rapidly increased in many areas in Europe, including Italy, where Tuscany is considered particularly suitable for wild boar. Wild boars are potential hosts for different etiological agents, such asBrucellaspp.,Leptospiraspp. and Pseudorabies virus and they can contribute to maintain and/or to disseminate some bacterial or viral pathogens to humans and domestic animals, above all-in free-range farms. In order to identify hypothetical genomic regions associated with these infection diseases, 96 samples of wild boars hunted in Tuscany during the 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 hunting seasons were considered. Diagnosis was achieved by serological tests and 42 Pseudorabies, 31 Leptospira and 15 Brucella positive animals were identified. All animals were genotyped with Geneseek Genomic Profiler Porcine HD (70 k) and a genome-wide scan was then performed. Significant markers were highlighted for Pseudorabies (two SNPs), Brucella (seven SNPs), and Leptospira (four SNPs) and they were located within, or nearby, 29 annotated genes on chromosome 6, 9, 12, 13, 14 and 18. Eight genes are implicated in viral (SEC14L1, JMJD6, SRSF2, TMPRSS2, MX1, MX2) or bacterial (COL8A1, SPIRE1) infections, seven genes (MFSD11, METTL23, CTTNBP2, BACE2, IMPA2, MPPE1 and GNAL) are involved in mental disorders and one gene (MGAT5B) is related to the Golgi complex. Results presented here provide interesting starting points for future research, validation studies and fine mapping of candidate genes involved in bacterial and viral infections in wild boar.
Shift of the storm surge season in Europe due to climate variability
Authors: Roustan Jean-Baptiste , Pineau-Guillou Lucia , Chapron Bertrand , Raillard Nicolas , Reinert Markus
Published: May 2022

Along the European coasts, changes in the timing of the storm surge season are analyzed. Using 10 long-term tide gauges located in western Europe, a consistent spatio-temporal shift emerged in the storm surge season between 1950 and 2000. Temporal shifts are positive (later events) in the North, negative (earlier events) in the South. Extreme surge events occurred about 4 days/decade later in northern Europe, and 5 days/decade earlier in southern Europe. Such a tendency is similar to the one already reported for European river floods between 1960 and 2010. In northern Europe, extreme surges are known to occur during the positive North Atlantic Oscillation phase (NAO+). Identified spatio-temporal shifts likely trace that NAO+ storms tend to occur later between 1950 and 2000. A new index measuring the timing of the NAO+ and NAO− persistent situations is shown to help capture this spatial distribution in the timing of the storm surge seasons.
The association between serum glucose to potassium ratio on admission and short-term mortality in ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Lu Yuzhao , Ma Xin , Zhou Xiaobing , Wang Yang
Published: May 2022

High serum glucose to potassium ratio (GPR) at admission is implicated for a poor outcome in acute brain injury, acute intracranial hemorrhage, and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. However, the relationship between GPR and the outcome of ischemic stroke (IS) remains unknown. In all, 784 IS patients from a large emergency Norwegian cohort were included for secondary analysis. The exposure and outcome were GPR at baseline and all-cause mortality within 30 days after the first admission. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the risk of 30-day mortality based on GPR levels. In addition, we examined whether there was a nonlinear relationship between admission GPR and 30-day mortality using two-piecewise linear regression with a smoothing function and threshold level analysis. The results of multivariable regression analysis showed that GPR at baseline was positively associated with the 30-day mortality (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.12, 3.61) after adjusting for potential confounders (age, gender, department, serum sodium, serum albumin, serum-magnesium, hypertension, heart failure, chronic renal failure, and pneumonia). When GPR was translated to a categorical variable, the ORs and 95% CIs in the tertiles 2 to 3 versus the tertile 1 were 1.24 (0.60, 2.56) and 2.15 (1.09, 4.24), respectively (P for trend = 0.0188). Moreover, the results of the two-piecewise linear regression and curve fitting revealed a linear relationship between GPR and 30-day mortality. In IS patients, GPR is positively correlated with 30-day mortality, and the relationship between them is linear. The GPR at admission may be a promising predictor for the short-term outcome in IS patients.
Disorder enhanced vibrational entanglement and dynamics in polaritonic chemistry
Authors: Wellnitz David , Pupillo Guido , Schachenmayer Johannes
Published: May 2022

Collectively coupling molecular ensembles to a cavity has been demonstrated to modify chemical reactions akin to catalysis. Theoretically understanding this experimental finding remains an important challenge. In particular the role of quantum effects in such setups is an open question of fundamental and practical interest. Theoretical descriptions often neglect quantum entanglement between nuclear and electro-photonic degrees of freedom, e.g., by computing Ehrenfest dynamics. Here we discover that disorder can strongly enhance the build-up of this entanglement on short timescales after incoherent photo-excitation. We find that this can have direct consequences for nuclear coordinate dynamics. We analyze this phenomenon in a disordered Holstein-Tavis-Cummings model, a minimal toy model that includes all fundamental degrees of freedom. Using a numerical technique based on matrix product states we simulate the exact quantum dynamics of more than 100 molecules. Our results highlight the importance of beyond Born-Oppenheimer theories in polaritonic chemistry.
Cascaded band gap design for highly efficient electron transport layer-free perovskite solar cells
Authors: Gao Liguo , Xu Cai , Su Yingjie , Liu Anmin , Ma Tingli
Published: May 2022

A gradient homojunction perovskite (GHJP) has been designed and applied in ETL-free PSCs. The type-II cascaded energy level alignment of GHJP could block holes during the electrons collection, resulting in 20.55% PCE.
Investigating the dielectric properties and exciton diffusion in C70 derivatives
Authors: Rousseva Sylvia , Raul Benedito A. L. , van Kooij Felien S. , Kuevda Alexey V. , Birudula Srikanth , Hummelen Jan C. , Pshenichnikov Maxim S. , Chiechi Ryan C.
Published: May 2022

The dielectric properties of a series of C70 derivatives were tuned by changing the side chains, and variations in εr were found to have a minimal effect on the behaviour of singlet excitons.
Comparative study of BiVO4 and BiVO4/Ag2O regarding their properties and photocatalytic degradation mechanism
Authors: Tong Yanbin , Shen Jimin , Zhao Shengxin , Chen Zhonglin , Kang Jing , Wang Binyuan , Sun Liqun , Bi Lanbo
Published: May 2022

Schematic diagram of the photocatalytic mechanism under visible light.
Hexagonal NiMoO4-MoS2 nanosheet heterostructure as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for urea oxidation assisted overall water electrolysis
Authors: Zhu Jianmin , Lv Wenyue , Yang Ying , Huang Licheng , Yu Wensheng , Wang Xinlu , Han Qi , Dong Xiangting
Published: May 2022

A hexagonal NiMoO4-MoS2 nanosheet heterostructure on nickel foam (NiMoO4-MoS2/NF) was synthesized by simple hydrothermal and annealing treatment.
Advances in chromone-based reactants in the ring opening and skeletal reconstruction reaction: access to skeletally diverse salicyloylbenzene/heterocycle derivatives
Authors: Guo Dong-Gui , Wang Hui-Juan , Zhou Ying , Liu Xiong-Li
Published: May 2022

This is the first systematic summary of the synthesis of salicyloylbenzene/heterocycles by employing chromone-based reactants.
One-pot synthesis of 2-bromopropionyl esterified cellulose nanofibrils as hydrophobic coating and film
Authors: Guo Mengzhe , Hsieh You-Lo
Published: May 2022

Bromo-esterified cellulose nanofibrils have been one-pot synthesized by direct heterogeneous 2-bromopropionyl esterification and in situ ultra-sonication to serve as versatile hydrophobic nm thick coating or 100 μm thick film.
Design and synergistic effect of nano-sized epoxy-NiCo2O4nanocomposites for anticorrosion applications
Authors: Swathika M. , Singh Kshitij RB , Mehala M. , Pandey Sadanand , Singh Jay , Singh Ravindra Pratap , Natarajan Arunadevi
Published: May 2022

This study reports the synthesis of nano-sized epoxy-NiCo2O4nanocomposites and their anti-corrosive efficiency to attain sustainable development.
Discovery of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine and pyrazolo[4,3-e][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine derivatives as novel CDK2 inhibitors: synthesis, biological and molecular modeling investigations
Authors: Nassar Ibrahim F. , Abdel Aal Mohammed T. , El-Sayed Wael A. , A. E Shahin Mahmoud , Elsakka Elsayed G. E. , Mokhtar Mahmoud Mohamed , Hegazy Maghawry , Hagras Mohamed , Mandour Asmaa A. , Ismail Nasser S. M.
Published: May 2022

A new set of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine and pyrazolo[4,3-e][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine scaffolds (4–13) as well as the thioglycoside derivatives (14, 15) were designed, and synthesized as novel CDK2 targeting compounds.
A uniformly anchored zirconocene complex on magnetic reduced graphene oxide (rGO@Fe3O4/ZrCp2Clx(x= 0, 1, 2)) as a novel and reusable nanocatalyst for synthesis ofN-arylacetamides and reductive-acetylation of nitroarenes
Authors: Bayzidi Massood , Zeynizadeh Behzad
Published: May 2022

In this study, a crafted zirconocene complex on rGO@Fe3O4as a novel magnetic nanocatalyst was synthesized and then characterized using FT-IR, SEM, EDX, VSM, ICP-OES, TGA, BET and MS analyses.
Increasing H2production on ZnxInySzunder visible lightviacomposition modulation and CoS catalysis
Authors: Chen Chen , Chen Min , Hou Wenqing , Xu Yiming
Published: May 2022

Increasing H2production on ZnxInySzunder visible lightviacomposition modulation and CoS catalysis.
Linking cavitation and fracture to molecular scale structural damage of model networks
Authors: Barney Christopher W. , Sacligil Ipek , Tew Gregory N. , Crosby Alfred J.
Published: May 2022

Needle-induced cavitation is performed on model end-linked gels to experimentally determine when soft solids will fail through either cavitation or fracture. Attention is also paid to when cavitation damages the network structure.
Improving LiNiO2 cathode performance through particle design and optimization
Authors: Kim Minkyung , Zou Lianfeng , Son Seoung-Bum , Bloom Ira D. , Wang Chongmin , Chen Guoying
Published: May 2022

LiNiO2 cathode performance is improved through particle engineering. The present study identifies reduced surface reconstruction and preferential LiF formation on the (104) surface as main contributors to the improvement.
NiCo@NPC@CF nanocomposites derived from NiCo-MOF/cotton for high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption
Authors: Jin Hongdu , Wen Hui-Min , Hong Qu , Lin Jun , Li Jun , Hu Jun
Published: May 2022

A cotton-based biomass material precursor was used to build lightweight, green, low-cost and high performance electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption materials.
Substituent effects on the intermolecular interactions and emission behaviors in pyrene-based mechanochromic luminogens
Authors: Yu Ze-Dong , Dong Xiao-Xu , Cao Jing-Yi , Zhao Wen-Xuan , Bi Ge-Hua , Wang Chuan-Zeng , Zhang Tian , Rahman Shofiur , Georghiou Paris E. , Lin Jian-Bin , Yamato Takehiko
Published: May 2022

Two pyrene-based MCLs with sensitive and reversible mechanochromic properties and different optical phenomena were prepared. One displays ACQ properties, while the other shows obvious AEE properties with a >10-fold increasedΦFLamplitude.
An effective encapsulation for perovskite solar cells based on building-integrated photovoltaics
Authors: Wei Qi , Huo Xiaonan , Fu Qiang , Wang Ting , Zhao Heming , Wang Yixuan , Yang Jiansong , Zhan Siqi , Zhou Liang , Wang Shiwei , Yin Penggang
Published: May 2022

An acrylate hot melt adhesive (AHMA) was synthesized and used in perovskite photovoltaic building integrated encapsulation. The excellent impact resistance and lead leakage prevented of the encapsulation structure has been confirmed.
Small regulatory RNAs in rice epigenetic regulation
Authors: Park So Young , Cho Jungnam , Jeong Dong-Hoon
Published: May 2022

Plant small RNAs (sRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that are implicated in various regulatory processes involving post-transcriptional gene silencing and epigenetic gene regulation. In epigenetic regulation, sRNAs are primarily involved in RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) pathways. sRNAs in the RdDM pathways play a role not only in the suppression of transposable element (TE) activity but also in gene expression regulation. Although the major components of the RdDM pathways have been well studied in Arabidopsis, recent studies have revealed that the RdDM pathways in rice have important biological functions in stress response and developmental processes. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent literature on sRNA-mediated epigenetic regulation in rice. First, we describe the RdDM mechanisms in plants. We then introduce recent discoveries on the biological roles of rice genes involved in the RdDM pathway and TE-derived sRNAs working at specific genomic loci for epigenetic control in rice.
Supporting Well-Being in Gender-Diverse People: A Tutorial for Implementing Conceptual and Practical Shifts Toward Culturally Responsive, Person-Centered Care in Speech-Language Pathology
Authors: Azul David , Hancock Adrienne B. , Lundberg Tove , Nygren Ulrika , Dhejne Cecilia
Published: May 2022

Purpose:

Gender dysphoria is commonly conceptualized as a mental disorder in gender-diverse people who do not identify with the gender assigned to them at birth. Direct support for well-being tends to be delegated to the field of mental health (MH), whereas speech-language pathology (SLP) practice is charged with modifying gender-diverse people's voice and communication in the belief that well-being will improve as a byproduct. However, with the introduction of the minority stress model, gender dysphoria is now understood as the result of sociocultural processes of stigmatization, pathologization, coping, and resilience, and it is to be addressed by all professions providing transgender health services. The purposes of this tutorial are to examine practices in SLP in light of the current conceptualization of gender dysphoria and guide speech-language pathologists in their role in supporting the well-being of gender-diverse people.

Method:

We reviewed the SLP and MH literature in the topic area to compare the two disciplines' conceptualizations and approaches to professional support for gender-diverse people.

Results:

We propose a transdisciplinary, person-centered, and culturally responsive approach to SLP practice that directly attends to minority stress, microaggressions, coping skills, and resilience factors.

Conclusions:

It is not sufficient for speech-language pathologists to delegate support for well-being in gender-diverse people to MH practitioners. Rather, speech-language pathologists need to be proactive in taking responsibility for supporting their clients' well-being based on each individual clinician's knowledge, skills, and capacity to do so. We recommend addressing barriers and facilitators of gender-diverse people's well-being both within SLP as a professional culture and by adapting the clinician's own professional practice.
Real‐time driving style classification based on short‐term observations
Authors: Zheng Xinhu , Yang Pengtao , Duan Dongliang , Cheng Xiang , Yang Liuqing
Published: May 2022

Vehicle behaviour prediction provides important information for decision‐making in modern intelligent transportation systems. People with different driving styles have considerably different driving behaviours and hence exhibit different behaviour tendency. However, most existing prediction methods do not consider the different tendencies in driving styles and apply the same model to all vehicles. Furthermore, most of the existing driver classification methods rely on offline learning that requires a long observation of driving history and hence are not suitable for real‐time driving behaviour analysis. To facilitate personalised models that can potentially improve vehicle behaviour prediction, the authors propose an algorithm that classifies drivers into different driving styles. The algorithm only requires data from a short observation window and it is more applicable for real‐time online applications compared with existing methods that require a long term observation. Experiment results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can achieve consistent classification results and provide intuitive interpretation and statistical characteristics of different driving styles, which can be further used for vehicle behaviour prediction.
Minimal‐time complex consensus for multi‐agent systems with time delay
Authors: Zou Chao , Yu Li , Yang Simon , Ou Linlin
Published: May 2022

This paper studies the minimum time consensus problem for discrete‐time multi‐agent systems with complex Laplacian delay networks such that each agent can find its complex consensus value in a minimum number of steps using its local observations. The stability analysis is first provided and the convergence condition is derived for complex weighted networks with time delays. Specifically, the delayed multi‐agent system is modeled by employing the augmented graph representation. Via adding virtual agents in the augmented systems, the complex consensus is obtained in the networks with bounded time delay if the communication topology digraph of the system has a spanning tree. A decentralized algorithm is proposed for the minimal‐time computation of complex consensus based on the information from the robot itself without relying on the external environment. The algorithm hinges on the minimal polynomial of the matrix concerning the augmented graph. Furthermore, the rearrangement of the virtual agents in the augmented system provides an upper bound for the number of agents required to compute the consensus value. Simulation examples demonstrate the effectiveness of our results. The advantage of this approach is that it can be easily deployed on a group of agents to rapidly achieve a complex consensus setting within any delayed networks.
Ghost shuffle lightweight pose network with effective feature representation and learning for human pose estimation
Authors: Yang Senquan , Wen Jiajun , Fan Junjun
Published: May 2022

Despite their success, existing human pose estimation approaches mostly have complex architectures, high cost, and lack of lightweight modules. To address this problem, this paper proposes a Ghost Shuffle Lightweight Pose Network (GSLPN) with a more lightweight and efficient network architecture than the popular Lightweight Pose Network. First, in order to condense the scale of the network while maintaining its performance, we stack two lightweight modules, depthwise convolution and the Ghost module, to build our initial prototype bottleneck. Then, we impose a channel shuffle operation on the prototype bottleneck to shuffle the sequence of the feature maps for constructing Ghost Shuffle Bottleneck (Ghost Shuffle Bottleneck) with effective feature representation so as to develop a GSLPN. Second, a lightweight, efficient parallel attention mechanism, Lightweight Pose Parallel Attention, is proposed to improve keypoint locating accuracy. An experiment validating the proposed method showed that GSLPN achieved competitive performance with a smaller model size and less computational complexity than state‐of‐the‐art methods, indicating that the GSLPN is a superior approach for human pose estimation.
Stability enhancement method for grid‐connected inverters under weak grid: An improved feedforward control considering phase‐locked loop
Authors: Liu Xinrui , Sun Haonan , Wang Rui , Sun Qiuye , Zhang Li , Wang Peng
Published: May 2022

Although the voltage feedforward control based on the point of common coupling (PCC) has been widely studied in the grid‐connected inverters to suppress the harmonics in the grid current, harmonic instability still occurs when the PCC voltage contains a series of background harmonics under weak grid condition. To this end, this paper applies the grid voltage sensed by phasor measurement units instead of the PCC voltage for feedforward. Meanwhile, considering that coupling between the phase‐locked loop (PLL) and the grid impedance would cause instability under weak grid condition, a novel compensation term is introduced to eliminate the negative influence of PLL. In addition, a method to improve the transient response of the system is also proposed so that the cut‐off frequency does not change with the impedance of the grid. By analysing the output impedance of the system, it can be proved that the strategy proposed can effectively improve the stability of the system. The experimental results indicate that the harmonics in the grid current are obviously reduced and the dynamic performance of the system is improved, which verifies the analysis.
A hybrid method of detecting flame from video stream
Authors: Dou Zengfa , Ma Xiaoke , Xie Xianghua , Liu Hui , Guo Chubing
Published: May 2022

In this paper, a method of detecting flame from video stream is proposed exploiting the characteristics of the disordered movement, rapid deformation and intense colour of the flame. Firstly, the frame difference between video frame and background frame is calculated to obtain the main part of the moving object, and the difference between frames is calculated frame by frame in time series to obtain the deformation part of the moving object, and then the sum of cumulative difference between frames and the background difference between frames are added to generate a binary image containing the moving object and the deformed part. Secondly, the binary image is morphologically opened, and rectangular segmentation is carried out to obtain multiple suspicious flame regions. Finally, in the light of the intense colour of the flame, the corresponding area is extracted from the original picture by using the segmentation rectangle, and the colour statistics of the area are carried out to further judge whether there is a burning flame in the area. The experimental results show that the algorithm can accurately detect the burning area of flame in the real scene and eliminate the light interference and the movement interference.