bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Server-Focused Security Assessment of Mobile Health Apps for Popular Mobile Platforms (Preprint)
Authors: Müthing Jannis , Brüngel Raphael , Friedrich Christoph M
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUND

The importance of mobile health (mHealth) apps is growing. Independent of the technologies used, mHealth apps bring more functionality into the hands of users. In the health context, mHealth apps play an important role in providing information and services to patients, offering health care professionals ways to monitor vital parameters or consult patients remotely. The importance of confidentiality in health care and the opaqueness of transport security in apps make the latter an important research subject.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to (1) identify relevant security concerns on the server side of mHealth apps, (2) test a subset of mHealth apps regarding their vulnerability to those concerns, and (3) compare the servers used by mHealth apps with servers used in all domains.

METHODS

Server security characteristics relevant to the security of mHealth apps were assessed, presented, and discussed. To evaluate servers, appropriate tools were selected. Apps from the Android and iOS app stores were selected and tested, and the results for functional and other backend servers were evaluated.

RESULTS

The 60 apps tested communicate with 823 servers. Of these, 291 were categorized as functional backend servers, and 44 (44/291, 15.1%) of these received a rating below the A range (A+, A, and A−) by Qualys SSL Labs. A chi-square test was conducted against the number of servers receiving such ratings from SSL Pulse by Qualys SSL Labs. It was found that the tested servers from mHealth apps received significantly fewer ratings below the A range (P<.001). The internationally available apps from the test set performed significantly better than those only available in the German stores (alpha=.05; P=.03). Of the 60 apps, 28 (28/60, 47%) were found using at least one functional backend server that received a rating below the A range from Qualys SSL Labs, endangering confidentiality, authenticity, and integrity of the data displayed. The number of apps that used at least one entirely unsecured connection was 20 (20/60, 33%) when communicating with functional backend servers. It was also found that a majority of apps used advertising, tracking, or external content provider servers. When looking at all nonfunctional backend servers, 48 (48/60, 80%) apps used at least one server that received a rating below the A range.

CONCLUSIONS

The results show that although servers in the mHealth domain perform significantly better regarding their security, there are still problems with the configuration of some. The most severe problems observed can expose patient communication with health care professionals, be exploited to display false or harmful information, or used to send data to an app facilitating further damage on the device. Following the recommendations for mHealth app developers, the most regularly observed security issues can be avoided or mitigated.
Predictive Modeling of 30-Day Emergency Hospital Transport of Patients Using a Personal Emergency Response System: Prognostic Retrospective Study (Preprint)
Authors: op den Buijs Jorn , Simons Mariana , Golas Sara , Fischer Nils , Felsted Jennifer , Schertzer Linda , Agboola Stephen , Kvedar Joseph , Jethwani Kamal
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUND

Telehealth programs have been successful in reducing 30-day readmissions and emergency department visits. However, such programs often focus on the costliest patients with multiple morbidities and last for only 30 to 60 days postdischarge. Inexpensive monitoring of elderly patients via a personal emergency response system (PERS) to identify those at high risk for emergency hospital transport could be used to target interventions and prevent avoidable use of costly readmissions and emergency department visits after 30 to 60 days of telehealth use.

OBJECTIVE

The objectives of this study were to (1) develop and validate a predictive model of 30-day emergency hospital transport based on PERS data; and (2) compare the model’s predictions with clinical outcomes derived from the electronic health record (EHR).

METHODS

We used deidentified medical alert pattern data from 290,434 subscribers to a PERS service to build a gradient tree boosting-based predictive model of 30-day hospital transport, which included predictors derived from subscriber demographics, self-reported medical conditions, caregiver network information, and up to 2 years of retrospective PERS medical alert data. We evaluated the model’s performance on an independent validation cohort (n=289,426). We linked EHR and PERS records for 1815 patients from a home health care program to compare PERS–based risk scores with rates of emergency encounters as recorded in the EHR.

RESULTS

In the validation cohort, 2.22% (6411/289,426) of patients had 1 or more emergency transports in 30 days. The performance of the predictive model of emergency hospital transport, as evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, was 0.779 (95% CI 0.774-0.785). Among the top 1% of predicted high-risk patients, 25.5% had 1 or more emergency hospital transports in the next 30 days. Comparison with clinical outcomes from the EHR showed 3.9 times more emergency encounters among predicted high-risk patients than low-risk patients in the year following the prediction date.

CONCLUSIONS

Patient data collected remotely via PERS can be used to reliably predict 30-day emergency hospital transport. Clinical observations from the EHR showed that predicted high-risk patients had nearly four times higher rates of emergency encounters than did low-risk patients. Health care providers could benefit from our validated predictive model by targeting timely preventive interventions to high-risk patients. This could lead to overall improved patient experience, higher quality of care, and more efficient resource utilization.
A Review of the Theories and Principles of Teaching Listening and Their Guidance in Senior High English Lessons in Mainland China
Authors: Gu Luxin
Published: January 2018

Though the least emphasized, Listening is used much more frequently than any other language skill, though. In 2007, English textbook in senior high school undertook a reform towards a student-focused classroom; listening, considered as a passive language skill traditionally, also step into the spotlight of new analysis and application.

This article endeavors to review several important listening comprehension theories and figure out their significance in teaching listening in high school of China. It reviews the importance of listening in language comprehension, the psychological processes of listening, the principles for listening comprehension in the classroom, and the intended communicative outcomes of listening. It also examines the listening comprehension part in the textbook of Senior High English in China with New Senior English for China Book 1 (2011) as an example, to find out proportion of listening and its role in the composition of the textbook, and to provide a few suggestions of teaching listening in high schools.

Listening is no longer a neglected and underestimated language skill; on the contrary, together with other language skills, listening is a key component in teaching and learning, which requires teachers’ consideration of students’ needs to make it into an attractive form.
The National Diabetes Education Program at 20 Years: Lessons Learned and Plans for the Future
Authors: Siminerio Linda M. , Albright Ann , Fradkin Judith , Gallivan Joanne , McDivitt Jude , Rodríguez Betsy , Tuncer Diane , Wong Faye
Published: January 2018

The National Diabetes Education Program (NDEP) was established to translate findings from diabetes research studies into clinical and public health practice. Over 20 years, NDEP has built a program with partnership engagement that includes science-based resources for multiple population and stakeholder audiences. Throughout its history, NDEP has developed strategies and messages based on communication research and relied on established behavior change models from health education, communication, and social marketing. The program’s success in continuing to engage diverse partners after 20 years has led to time-proven and high-quality resources that have been sustained. Today, NDEP maintains a national repository of diabetes education tools and resources that are high quality, science- and audience-based, culturally and linguistically appropriate, and available free of charge to a wide variety of audiences. This review looks back and describes NDEP’s evolution in transforming and communicating diabetes management and type 2 diabetes prevention strategies through partnerships, campaigns, educational resources, and tools and identifies future opportunities and plans.
Mortality Reduction in EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial: Beyond the Antidiabetes Effect
Authors: Suissa Samy
Published: January 2018

Two recent large-scale cardiovascular outcome trials, a now common tool in assessing the safety of pharmacological treatments for type 2 diabetes, reported significant reductions in all-cause mortality. In EMPA-REG OUTCOME [BI 10773 (Empagliflozin) Cardiovascular Outcome Event Trial in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients], patients who received the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin had a notable reduction of 9.2 deaths per 1,000 per year, while LEADER (Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results—A Long Term Evaluation) found that the patients receiving the GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide had a reduction of 3.7 deaths per 1,000 per year. The hypotheses to explain the sizable mortality reduction in EMPA-REG OUTCOME have mainly focused on the potential cardiovascular mechanisms of empagliflozin, but none considered its expected antidiabetes effects. I estimated the portion of the reduction in mortality observed in EMPA-REG OUTCOME expected to be a result of its antidiabetes effects, as measured by glycemic control and the need for additional antidiabetes medication, and contrasted it with LEADER. With use of the mean 0.45% reduction in HbA1c with empagliflozin compared with placebo in EMPA-REG OUTCOME, the rate reduction of 9.2 deaths per 1,000 per year would be expected to be at most 4.5 deaths per 1,000 per year, leaving 4.7 deaths per 1,000 per year otherwise explained. On the other hand, LEADER’s rate reduction of 3.7 deaths per 1,000 per year with liraglutide would be expected to be 3.5 by virtue of its effect on HbA1c, leaving 0.2 deaths per 1,000 per year explained otherwise. Similar results were found using the need for additional antidiabetes treatment during follow-up to measure the antidiabetes impact. In conclusion, the expected antidiabetes effects of empagliflozin and liraglutide on the reduction in mortality are important. However, empagliflozin appears to have significant additional effects on survival, possibly due to specific cardiovascular mechanisms, which merit further investigation.
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Mantovani Alessandro , Byrne Christopher D. , Bonora Enzo , Targher Giovanni
Published: January 2018

OBJECTIVE

Several studies have explored the impact of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) on risk of incident type 2 diabetes. However, the extent to which NAFLD may confer risk of incident diabetes remains uncertain. We performed a meta-analysis of relevant studies to quantify the magnitude of the association between NAFLD and risk of incident diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We collected data using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from January 2000 to July 2017. We included only large (n ≥500) observational studies with a follow-up duration of at least 1 year in which NAFLD was diagnosed on imaging methods. Eligible studies were selected according to predefined keywords and clinical outcomes. Data from selected studies were extracted, and meta-analysis was performed using random-effects modeling.

RESULTS

A total of 19 observational studies with 296,439 individuals (30.1% with NAFLD) and nearly 16,000 cases of incident diabetes over a median of 5 years were included in the final analysis. Patients with NAFLD had a greater risk of incident diabetes than those without NAFLD (random-effects hazard ratio [HR] 2.22, 95% CI 1.84–2.60; I2 = 79.2%). Patients with more “severe” NAFLD were also more likely to develop incident diabetes; this risk increased across the ultrasonographic scores of steatosis (n = 3 studies), but it appeared to be even greater among NAFLD patients with advanced high NAFLD fibrosis score (n = 1 study; random-effects HR 4.74, 95% CI 3.54–5.94). Sensitivity analyses did not alter these findings. Funnel plot and Egger test did not reveal significant publication bias. Study limitations included high heterogeneity, varying degrees of confounder adjustment across individual studies, and lack of studies using liver biopsy.

CONCLUSIONS

NAFLD is significantly associated with a twofold increased risk of incident diabetes. However, the observational design of the eligible studies does not allow for proving causality.
Discovery, Knowledge, and Action—Diabetes in Pregnancy Across the Translational Spectrum: The 2016 Norbert Freinkel Award Lecture
Authors: McIntyre H. David
Published: January 2018

The Norbert Freinkel Award is given in memory of Norbert Freinkel, a dedicated and insightful investigator and gifted writer, to honor a researcher who has made outstanding contributions, including scientific publications and presentations, to the understanding and treatment of diabetes in pregnancy. H. David McIntyre, MD, FRACP, Director of Obstetric Medicine at Mater Health Services and Head of the Mater Clinical Unit at The University of Queensland in Brisbane, Australia, received the prestigious award at the American Diabetes Association's 76th Scientific Sessions, 10–14 June 2016, in New Orleans, LA. He presented the Norbert Freinkel Award Lecture, “Discovery, Knowledge, and Action—Diabetes in Pregnancy Across the Translational Spectrum,” on Saturday, 11 June 2016.
DINAMIKA SOSIAL BUDAYA MASYARAKAT MELAYU PESISIR (Studi Pengelolaan Madu Sialang di Desa Rawa Mekar Jaya)
Authors: Marnelly T. Romi
Published: January 2018

All societies experience the change. But also with the society that is in the village of Rawa Mekar Jaya, Subdistrict of Sungai Apit, Regency of Siak. Here, there is unique tradition that is called menumbai interrelated the use of sialang’s honey bee. Together with the age development, this tradition starts to have dynamics. So that the questions come 1) What kind of aspects that experience the cultural social change in the processing activity of sialang’s honey bee in the village of Rawa Mekar Jaya Then, what kind of factors that push that change?. The research method that is used is descriptive qualitative. The location election in the village of Rawa Mekar Jaya because this location has sialang’s tree and the activity that is involved with the sialang’s honey. The research subject consists of the village chief, society figure, owner of sialang trunk and sialang’s trunk climber. The Data Collecting Technics are such as observation and deep interview. The sampling technic is namly purposive sampling. Based on the research result, it can be known that the aspects that experience the change in the processing activity of sialang’s honey is aspect of language, knowledge, tools and life equipment, economy system and religion system. Meanwhile, the factors that push the change is the contact with another culture, unsatisfication of society towards certain life sectors, future orientation and value that the human should struggle to fix the life.
PENYAKIT BAWAAN : KAJIAN RESIKO KESEHATAN PADA PERKAWINAN SEPUPU
Authors: Yusdiawati Yayuk
Published: January 2018

This paper aims to investige about congenital diseases are an absolute risk in all types of cousin marriages. Methods: this review is a review of literature on cousin marriages and congenital diseases in cousin marriages, as well as qualitative research conducted on the Mandailing community in the village of Tanjung Baringin, North Sumatra, which practices many cross-breed cousins. Results show the risk of the illness impacted by cousin marriage, is not an absolute negative impact on all cousin pairs. A parallel cousin has a great chance to experience it. This can be proved by some researchers who investige health risks in populations that practices parallel cousin marriage. In cross-cousin pairs did not find any health risks. Therefore, cousin marriage still exixtsnce until now, especially in cross cousin marriage.
El museo antropológico: una experiencia entre sujetos históricamente excluidos y sus percepciones (The Anthropological Museum: an experience between historically excluded subjects and their perceptions)
Authors: Santofimio Rojas Germán Andrés
Published: January 2018

El siguiente artículo de investigación recopila las experiencias directas de las personas en condición de discapacidad sensorial de dos colegios públicos de la ciudad de Ibagué, Tolima, con el fin de conocer el nivel de percepción e identificación de las técnicas de decoración prehispánica de la cultura Tolima, concibiendo de esta manera el Museo Antropológico de la Universidad del Tolima como un recurso educativo; para ello, fue vital el reconocimiento de algunas técnicas de elaboración, diseño y decoración de las piezas cerámicas, así como de algunos materiales líticos y orfebres, para lo cual se seleccionaron algunos fragmentos y piezas cerámicas que fueron reproducidas y dispuestas al alcance de quienes visitan el museo.
RISCOS OCUPACIONAIS E UTILIZAÇÃO DE EQUIPAMENTO DE PROTEÇÃO INDIVIDUAL PARA PREVENÇÃO DA TUBERCULOSE: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Mota Xavier Marins Conceição , Rodrigues Valente Larissa , Marinho Chrizostimo Miriam , Da Conceição Gomes Eliane
Published: January 2018

Objetivo: analisar produções científicas que discutem risco ocupacional e utilização de Equipamento de Proteção Individual (EPI) para a prevenção da tuberculose. Método: pesquisa exploratória, descritiva e qualitativa. Revisão integrativa de literatura, no período compreendido entre 2008 e 2013, com uso dos descritores: riscos ocupacionais, tuberculose, profissional de saúde e equipamento de proteção individual. Resultados: a análise das 06 produções científicas selecionadas para este estudo oportunizou a elaboração de duas categorias que foram: a tuberculose é um risco ocupacional para os profissionais de saúde e a sua prevenção está relacionada ao uso de EPI. Conclusão: Estas categorias apontam que há preocupação com a transmissão de TB em trabalhadores da área da saúde, contudo é necessário que se tenha ênfase na prevenção desse agravo. E, apontam ainda que existe dificuldade na adesão a utilização do EPI. São necessários estudos que discutam e avaliem o uso do EPI na prevenção da TB.
Aspectos epidemiológicos da coinfecção Tuberculose/HIV no Brasil: revisão integrativa
Authors: Miranda Lihuan Oliveira de , Araújo Gustavo Bacelar Fontenele , Furtado Daniela , Carvalho Mariana Lustosa , Silva Sávio Miranda Fontineles da , Moreira Anderson De Melo , Freitas Daniela Reis Joaquim de
Published: January 2018

Objetivo: Analisar na literatura os aspectos epidemiológicos da coinfecção Tuberculose/HIV (TB/HIV) no Brasil. Método: Pesquisa descritiva do tipo revisão integrativa da literatura com análise de dados processados pelo software IRAMUTEC. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados BVS, LILACS, MEDLINE e PUBMED com artigos disponíveis na integra de forma eletrônica publicados entre 2013-2017. Resultados: Foram encontrados 23 artigos. A coinfecção é mais prevalente entre indivíduos do sexo masculino, cor/raça negra, de baixa renda, residentes urbanos com idade entre 20-50 anos. A morbidade e mortalidade na coinfecção é alta e possui maior prevalência na região sul e sudeste do Brasil. Conclusão: Pode-se concluir que grande número de HIV positivos desenvolve a coinfecção HIV/TB, e um dos maiores problemas no tratamento de ambas é a não adesão e/ou o abandono do mesmo, que incrementam as falhas terapêuticas e a resistência às drogas utilizadas.
FATORES DE RISCO PARA INFECÇÃO DE CORRENTE SANGUÍNEA E INFLUÊNCIA NA TAXA DE MORTALIDADE
Authors: Silva Rosimeire Faria da , Mendes-Rodrigues Clesnan , Pereira Eliana Borges Silva , Röder Denise Von Dolinger de Brito , Gomes Fabíola Alves
Published: January 2018

Objetivo: avaliar os principais fatores de risco para infecção de corrente sanguínea relacionada ao cateter (ICSRC) e seus efeitos no desfecho de óbito, em pacientes internados em uma unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) adulto. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo, realizado em uma UTI. Foram coletados dados sobre os fatores de risco potenciais para ICSRC (perfil sociodemográfico, unidade e via de inserção, responsável pelo curativo) e avaliado o desfecho óbito. Resultados: 268 cateteres venosos centrais (CVC) foram inseridos em 209 pacientes, sendo 13,4% com pelo menos uma ICSRC e 36,36% dos pacientes evoluíram para óbito; 11,9% dos CVC puncionados na veia jugular e 13,8% na veia subclávia infectaram. O tempo de permanência maior que 14 dias e local de inserção do CVC fora da UTI aumentaram as chances de infecção nas vias subclávia e jugular (OR: 2,25 e 0,27). As chances de infecção na via jugular aumentaram com traqueostomia (OR: 3,83). O risco de óbito aumentou com ICSRC, internação por trauma e APACHE >22. Conclusão: A avaliação e intervenção nas condições de inserção e cuidados do CVC fora da UTI parece ser o ponto crucial para diminuição das infecções e mortalidade dos pacientes posteriormente admitidos na UTI.
ESTUDO BIBLIOMÉTRICO SOBRE INFECÇÕES RELACIONADAS À ASSISTÊNCIA A SAÚDE EM PESSOAS IDOSAS
Authors: Vieira João Pedro Pinheiro Nascimento , Moura Samuel Ricardo Batista , Andrade Hillani da Silva , Oliveira João Ricardo Barros , Rodrigues Carlo Vitor Sousa , Sousa Laelson Rochelle Milanês
Published: January 2018

Objetivo: Mapear a produção científica na principal coleção da Web os Science sobre infecções relacionadas à assistência a saúde em pessoas idosas. Método: Estudo bibliométrico sobre Infecções Relacionadas à Assistência a Saúde em Pessoas Idosas realizado na principal coleção da Web of Science. A coleta de dados ocorreu em Outubro de 2017 utilizando os seguintes descritores: “cross infection” e “elderly” unidos por meio do termo boleano AND. Os dados coletados na Web of Science foram exportados para o software HistCite. Resultados: Foram identificados 31 artigos publicados em 27 periódicos, escritos por 130 autores vinculados à 58 instituições, localizadas em 16 países. Para a consecução destes artigos foram utilizadas 1207 referências, com uma média de aproximadamente 39 referências por artigo. Foram identificados os 5 artigos mais citados. Conclusão: No geral, os estudos ocuparam-se em investigar diversos tipos de infecções em idosos e as possíveis relações com a infecção cruzada desencadeada principalmente por profissionais de saúde ou outros tipo de cuidadores.
Appraising Constructive Alignment in a Construction Management Programme
Authors: Tokede Olubukola , Tivendale Linda
Published: January 2018

Construction Management (CM) programmes generally build on principles in traditional science and social-science disciplines, creatively applied to the construction sector. In the last two decades, there has been significant growth in the number of universities in Australia and UK, offering construction management programmes. Despite these trend, there has been dearth of studies that investigate the alignment of the curriculum content with assessment requirements in construction management subjects.

This study appraises the issues pertaining to constructive alignment in construction management programmes delivered in the higher education sector. This work provides an ethnographic insight on the perceived benefits of Constructive Alignment in relation to academic performance, student experience, and student-satisfaction in the UK. Future work will compare outcomes in constructively-aligned courses in other academic institution. This work also suggest best practices for implementing constructive-alignment in the delivery of built environment courses.
An Ethnographic Investigation into a Series of Incidents on a Large Construction Project
Authors: Oswald David
Published: January 2018

A series of incidents in a short period created cause for concern on a large construction project in the UK (+£500m). Incident investigations are one of the ways to learn about safety failings, so that remedial action can be put into place to avoid a recurrence. The researcher was a member of the H&S department, with the role of a participant observer during the incident investigation period. Data collection included: informal conversations with employees; attending safety and accident investigation meetings; viewing project documents; and attending the safety stand down that occurred. The case study findings revealed that a blame culture restricted information flow on the incidents; and consequently there was a focus on easily observable unsafe acts, and static unsafe conditions, providing a narrow rather than deep perspective. These acts and conditions, such as a lack of compliance with PPE, or a weather condition, were often difficult to manage. For safety understanding the project repeatedly used Heinrich’s (1931) seminal work as a foundation. However, this work is arguably outdated as it focuses on accidents on an individual rather than complex socio-technical level.
The Link Between Building Maintenance, Work Stress/Satisfaction and Resident Quality of Life in Residential Aged Care
Authors: Hilaire Trevor , Maund Kim
Published: January 2018

Currently in many developed countries populations are ageing due to a number and combination of circumstances. Residential aged care (RAC) provides a role in addressing the associated need to care for ageing people but the potential for increased demand means RAC providers must look to further efficiencies for sustainability. The care team provides hands on care in RAC and work stress/satisfaction within the care team can be affected the quality of care and directly impacts the resident’s quality of life. The work stress/satisfaction within the care team is can also be affected by the built environment. Appropriate design of the built environment can optimise work stress/satisfaction and this paper will propose that maintenance of that environment can also have an impact. This paper will report on a study comprising semi structured interviews with care team members and management representatives from three facilities. Content analysis was carried out on interview scripts. The study revealed building maintenance was not only important to preserve an asset and reduce hazards, it also revealed building maintenance to have a bearing on a number of factors which impacted the care team’s work stress/satisfaction. This paper will suggest that strategies to improve perceived control of building maintenance may increase a view of self-worth and go towards optimisation of work stress/satisfaction amongst the care team thus promoting a level of social sustainability.
Determinants of Academic Quality Disparity Among Construction Post-Graduate Students in Ghana.
Authors: Owusu-Manu De-Graft , Yamoah Agyemang Daniel , Addy Michael
Published: January 2018

In this global era and insurgency of technology, education is seen as a first pace for every human activity. However, there seem to exist various determinants which results in difference in academic performance among students. This study was designed to examine the attribution factors affecting academic performance of construction post-graduate students of KNUST-Kumasi. Based on extensive literature review the attribution factors could be grouped into five main components. Presented are results from statistical analyses of 49 questionnaire survey responses from construction post graduate students of KNUST-Kumasi. The results validated all the 15 attribution factors of academic performance used for the survey. Personal study periods, the role played by lecturers and financial status are identified as the most attributed factor affecting academic performance of tertiary students. To analyse the data, non-parametric statistical testing using descriptive statistics, mean score index and Relative Importance Index (RII) were used through appropriate statistical package. The findings of this paper could help policy makers especially those in the Quality Assurance unit, the Central Academic office and the Ministry of Education on what policies and strategies can be employed to improve academic performance in institutions of higher learning as well as students, parents and teachers to guide them properly and as per their abilities. For further studies, it is recommended that more predictive variables be added so as to ascertain more significant predictors of academic performance of tertiary students.
Decision Making of Carbon Reduction Strategies Adoption– A Case Study in Greater Melbourne Region
Authors: Wong Peter S. P. , Summers Mitchell , Duncan Jake
Published: January 2018

Contractors convert design into reality. They are presumed as a major contributor of carbon emissions from the construction development. Carbon reduction strategies were proposed in previous studies. Nevertheless, contractors were often criticised for standing aloof to adopt them. Some argued that the contractors may not have contractual leverage to challenge the decisions made by the developers and the consultants. Nonetheless, there has been a lack of research that focuses on how different construction project organisations (CPOs) may be affecting carbon reduction strategies adoption. This paper presents a study that investigates the effect of the construction project organisations have on the contactors’ adoption of carbon reduction strategies. An industry survey was conducted in Melbourne, Australia. 200 questionnaires were sent to the registered contractors. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to examine how the priorities of strategies adoption may be affected by the CPOs. The results indicate that developers and the design consultants are influential to contractors’ decision in adopting those carbon reduction strategies that may incur additional project cost. The results indicate that decisions towards the adoption of strategies may not be swayed towards their effectiveness of achieving carbon reduction. Instead, tightening planning and building regulations might affect decisions.
Preliminary Investigation of the Residential Housing Contractors’ View of the Adoption of BIM Technology
Authors: Rahmani Farshid , Georgy Maged
Published: January 2018

The construction industry increasingly embraces Building Information Models (BIM) in an attempt to enhance work practices and overcome difficulties inherent in complex construction projects. However, widespread use of BIM in small projects, specifically in the residential housing sector, is rarely evident. In an attempt to address BIM’s lack of uptake amongst residential housing contractors, a study was initiated to better understand their information/technology needs and the site planning process requirements. The premise is that a construction- orientated BIM tailored to the specific needs of those residential housing contractors can offer better value and possibly contribute to the uptake of BIM technology in that sector. In the current phase of this study, pilot interviews were conducted with housing construction professionals in Victoria, Australia, to investigate some of the existing site and resource management procedures as well as the technology context. The paper reports on selected findings of these pilot interviews particularly the technology support and potential use of BIM in housing projects. The preliminary findings suggest that the technologies actually being used for construction management are quite simple with main focus on managing administrative functions such as procurement rather than undertaking a sophisticated onsite planning process. Furthermore, while the interviewees seem to be positive towards the adoption of new technologies such as BIM, they had concerns about the lack of understanding of BIM technology and the uncertainty about its impact on changing the existing work practices.
Leading the Way: Peer to Peer Mentoring to Improve the Experience and Adaptability of Australian and Chinese University Students
Authors: Wingrove Dallas , Yang Rebecca , Holdsworth Sarah , Carre Andrew
Published: January 2018

Peer to peer mentoring is well established in the literature as providing an effective mechanism to foster student’s sense of belonging and to support their resilience and academic progress. This paper reports on a peer mentoring model that was established within a Built Environment School in 2015. The mentoring program was designed to provide peer mentoring support for Chinese students who were articulating into the third year of a Construction Management program delivered at a Melbourne university. The Chinese students had successfully completed two years of a Building Science program at the China University of Mining & Technology (CUMT). To support the Mentees to transition into year three of the Construction Management program three teaching academics from the Construction Management program partnered with their School’s Academic Developer. The project team was formed to design and implement a mentoring program that sought to deliver reciprocal learning for local Melbourne based mentors and the newly arrived Chinese mentees. The program was designed to support Mentees to transition into the Construction Management program and living in Melbourne by providing study support and opportunities for social engagement. In this paper the authors reflect on their experiences of designing and implementing the peer mentoring program and report anecdotal evidence which suggests that peer to peer mentoring can provide an effective mechanism through which students are better prepared and supported to deal positively with the process of transition and the many complex challenges this can entail.
RESEARCH ON TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR FISHING VESSELS IDENTIFICATION BY SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING - STATUS IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES AND JAPANESE PATROL SYSTEM
Authors: MORIYAMA T. , TAMEISHI H. , SUWA J. , KANNO S. , SUGIMORI Y.
Published: January 2018

Current status and trends ov vessel detection, identification technology development and application in major countries were surveyed. According to increasing the number of foreign poaching and suspicious vessels intrusion into EEZ, patroliling by vessel and airplane does not satisfy the needs because of narrow coverege and observation frequncey. The satellite monitoring by SAR and optical sensor has been studied and partially used, but there are several disavantages such as observation frequncy, geometric occuracy and weather dependence to adopt for operational use. This paper describes an optimize system for vessel detection and identification by combining patrolling vessel, airplane and satellite. Keyword: vessel identification by satellite image, IKONOS visible image, JERS-1, Synthetic Apature Reader
NUMERICAL CALCULATION OF PHOSPHATE TRANSPORT IN BENOA BAY, BALI
Authors: Hendrawan I Gede , Ardana I komang
Published: January 2018

A computational model to study the phosphate transport in the coastal environment was presented. It calculation involves the external sources of photosphate matter from the river discharge. The phosphjate distribution within the bay forced by tidal current, was calculated by Pricenton Ocean Model (POM) 2-dimension (barotropic mode). The tidal current obtained from simulation, shown a reasonably good agreement with in-situ tidal level data at Benoa tidal gauge station. The phosphate transport is generated by two-river discharge within the bay and three sources respected by wastewater treatment in Nusa Dua Bali, vessel parking area and waste garbage dump in suwung, respectively. The result confirm that a good agreement with the experiment data carried out within the bay. Keywords : phosphate transport, Princeton Ocean Model (POM)
VULNERABILITY LEVEL MAP OF TSUNAMI DISASTER IN PANGANDARAN BEACH, WEST JAVA
Authors: Faiqoh Iqoh , Gaol Jason Lumban , Ling Marisa Mei
Published: January 2018

Indonesia is located in a seismic active region where tsunami often occur. One of tsunami prone areas in Indonesia is southern coast of Java, such as the coastal areas of Pangandaran, West Java. One of the instruments in the tsunami disaster mitigation is the vulnerability map of coastal region on tsunami. Analyses of tsunami vulnerability assessment was performed by using merger or overlay methods in Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The parameters used to analyze tsunami vulnerability level were elevation, topography, landuse, coastal border, and river banks. The vulnerability were divided into five classes i.e., very high, high, medium, low, and very low. Results showed that Pananjung, Babakan, Pangandaran (Pangandaran District); and Sukaresik and Cikembulan (Sidamulih District) sub-districts were identified as areas of very high level of tsunami vulnerability with total area of 737.703 hectares. Areas with low level of vulnerability were Pagergunung, Putrapinggan, and Kersaratu sub-districts with total area of 4,816.204 hectares.
Autonomic dysfunction and migraine: Assessed by time series analysis of heart rate variability
Authors: Akter Tahmina , Ferdousi Sultana
Published: January 2018

Background: Migraine is associated with autonomic nervous system dysfunction with reduced heart rate variability (HRV).Objective: To assess the cardiac autonomic function in migraine patients.Methods: This prospective study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University during 2013. Cardiac autonomic nerve function of 60 newly diagnosed untreated migraine patients aged 15-30 years, both male and female was assessed by analyzing time domain measures of HRV. Thirty age, sex, BMI matched healthy control were also assessed and compared. The diagnosed migraine patients were selected from the out patient department of Neurology, BSMMU, Dhaka. The HRV parameters were recorded by a 4 active channels, RMS polyrite-D. For statistical analysis, Independent Sample t-test was used.Results: Resting pulse rate, mean heart rate were found significantly higher and mean R-R interval, SDNN, RMSSD were significantly lower in all patients with migraine than those of healthy control.Conclusion: Autonomic dysfunction characterized by impaired cardiac vagal tone was associated with migraine.Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2017, December; 12(2): 57-60
Enlightenment, Legal Education, and Critique
Authors: Cairns John W.
Published: January 2018

This is the second volume in a collection of the most influential essays on legal history from the career of Professor John W. Cairns. The book deals with broad themes in legal history, such as the development of Scots law through the major legal thinkers of the Enlightenment, essays on Roman law and miscellaneous essays on the literary and philosophical traditions within law. Both volumes combine together and reprint a selection of some of the many articles and essays published by Cairns over a distinguished career in legal history. It is a mark of Cairn's international eminence that much of his prolific output has been published outside of the UK, in a wide variety of journals and collections. The consequence is that some of his most valuable writing has appeared in sources which are difficult to locate.
A Space in Between: The Legacy of the Activist Documentary Film in India
Authors: Deprez Camille
Published: January 2018

This chapter looks into the definition and legacy of the early activist mode of documentary filmmaking in 1970s India and shows how current filmmakers reinvent its meaning by shifting its initial boundaries of total independence to more subtle and moving grounds. It argues that beyond claims of ‘independence’, recent activist documentaries have inherited a space of resistance that never totally broke away from the official and commercial spheres, but rather developed a ‘space in between’, based upon complex systems of collaboration, in order to change these official and commercial discourses, practices, and styles from within.
The Survivor–Perpetrator Encounter and the Truth Archive in Rithy Panh’s Documentaries
Authors: Morag Raya
Published: January 2018

This chapter proposes an analysis of Rithy Panh's documentaries, S21: The Khmer Rouge Death Machine (2003), Duch, Master of the Forges of Hell (2012) and, to a lesser degree, The Missing Picture (2013), as so-called ‘perpetrator documentaries’ — that is, documentaries that focus on the figure of the perpetrator, while unravelling the long-time enigma of the ‘ordinary man turned perpetrator’. It suggests that the survivor–perpetrator encounter staged at the heart of S21 and Duch is a major characteristic of Panh's perpetrator documentary cinema, aiming at undermining the perpetrator's ideology of extermination and reconstituting the human condition. It also describes the cinematic strategies through which these three post-genocide documentaries constitute a cinematic ‘archive of truth’. Identifying the major tropes that most potently mobilise this archive examines the role of Panh's perpetrator documentaries as a transgenerational site, one that confronts the post-1979 generation with the double enigma: of the ‘ordinary perpetrator’ and self-genocide.
Introduction
Authors: Van de Peer Stefanie
Published: January 2018

The introduction to the book identifies the female pioneers of documentary in the Arab area. It paints the historical context in which these women have been making documentaries, looking across borders within the Arab World and across transnational regions, within the form, in the seventies and eighties, nineties and two thousands.
The theoretical approach is rooted in feminist film studies and Third Cinema theory. Using Ella Shohat’s writings on women making films in a post-Third Worldist and feminist reality, the chapter specifies those aspects of Third Cinema that have been neglected. Painting a socio-political and historical context for the films under discussion, it looks at the cultural history of documentary as well as thematic and stylistic tendencies in the Arab world. From an examination of Third Cinema and its focus on documentary the chapter moves on to New Arab Cinema (or ‘Cinema Chabab’) and its attitude towards melodrama and realism.
This ‘new’ approach to the transnational documentary includes a clearer, perhaps more practical look at developing ideas of production, distribution and spectatorship.
Mai Masri: Mothering Film-makers in Palestinian Revolutionary Cinema
Authors: Van de Peer Stefanie
Published: January 2018

In Palestine, it is hard to find resident women filmmakers as the Palestinian people are so dispersed in exile throughout the world, and finding the means to make films inside the Occupied Territories is extremely difficult. Mai Masri, a Palestinian resident in Lebanon, was the first woman to start to make films about Palestinians in refugee camps throughout the Middle East. She is one of the pioneers of Palestinian documentary and especially of the trend that has become dominant in Palestinian filmmaking: a focus on children’s experience of Palestine. Her films illustrate how the struggle for a national identity in Palestine is often mixed with the struggle for personal, physical freedom. Motherhood, wifehood and womanhood are politicised identities in Palestine. In her earliest films such as Children of Shatila (1998) and Frontiers of Dreams and Fears (2001), she offers up children’s perspectives to illustrate the politicisation of even the most unlikely participants in the struggle against oppression. A child’s perspective is portrayed as a struggle with the past and the future that is on-going, as the child represents the hope as well as the hopelessness of the Palestinian cause.
Hala Alabdallah Yakoub: Documentary as Poetic Subjective Experience in Syria
Authors: Van de Peer Stefanie
Published: January 2018

Against all the odds, and within a highly restrictive production context, women have been and continue to be the most politically engaged filmmakers in Syria. While feature‐length fiction films by women are rare or non‐existent, documentary maker Halla Alabdallah is working across different genres with obvious degrees of resistance. Trained by Omar Amiralay (Syria’s foremost documentary maker), her style is singular and experimental in nature. Her first film, I am the One Who Brings Flowers to her Grave (2006) was the first documentary made by a woman in Syria. It is a lyrical portrait of solidarity between women across the ages that experiments with ‘representation’. In As if We Were Catching a Cobra (2012) she looks at the art of cartoon and other politically inspired art forms, in Egypt and Syria, immediately before the start of the revolution in Cairo. She uses documentary as a weapon, she says, because it is necessary to negotiate the oppression and taboos in order to find an avenue for self-expression and dissidence. Women’s identity struggle and self-expression are addressed directly in her films, and there is an immense trust in her global spectators’ ability to empathise, as vocal and aural communication methods are explicitly used to express dissent.
Towards a Theory of Divergent Development
Authors: Bryden John
Published: January 2018

The author develops a theoretical argument that seeks to help explain the very different development paths taken by and in Scotland and Norway since the 18th Century, and their implications. Drawing on the ideas of Classical Political Economy as well as those of Karl Polanyi, Bryden uses material from the other Chapters to reject essentialist and ’stage theory’ approaches to understanding development in a long term, comparative perspective. The argument starts by highlighting the very different patterns of land ownership and occupation in the two countries by the early 1800’s. Norway was a country of small peasant proprietors, while Scotland was one of large landowners. In Scotland, the former peasants became dispossessed urban labour or migrants to the new colonies of the British empire. In Norway, the peasants remained on the land and continued to grow in number until well into the 20th Century. This was possible because of the specific nature of Norway’s industrialization, which was based on its decentralized hydro-electric energy, in contrast to Scotland’s centralised coal resources. Scottish industrialisation depended on the ’reserve army’ of ‘cheap’ dispossessed labour either from the rural areas of Scotland or Ireland. A further consequence of widespread land ownership in Norway was the much larger, and more diverse, political franchise from the early stages of democracy following independence from Denmark in 1814, and the effect of this on political alliances and the development of local as well as central government institutions and policies up to the present day. Political choices were made because of specific historical, political and social conditions in Norway, not because they were in a particular ’stage’ of development. A multilinear framework is needed to understand the differences between Scotland and Norway, based on Polanyi’s claim that markets are embedded in social institutions and not, as neoliberals maintain, the other way around.