bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uma arqueologia do esporte: a paisagem do Prado Guarany (1884-1890)
Authors: Melo Victor Andrade de , Chevitarese André Leonardo
Published: June 2020

Resumo Este estudo tem por objetivo prospectar a possível localização do Prado Guarany, um dos hipódromos que houve no Rio de Janeiro do século XIX, ativo entre os anos de 1884 e 1890. Consideramos que investigar um estabelecimento nos dias de hoje pouco conhecido pode nos permitir discutir os movimentos de urbanização, bem como os processos seletivos de memória. Trata-se de uma arqueologia da paisagem. Para alcance do intuito, cruzamos informações obtidas em periódicos, iconografias (obras de arte e fotografias), mapas e trabalhos de campo (visitas etnográficas para identificar permanências no espaço). Este artigo inaugura um projeto que pretende pesquisar as modificações das paisagens da capital fluminense nas quais há registros de experiências ligadas ao esporte, uma das manifestações culturais que, desde o século XIX, intensamente tem se estruturado na cidade. Trata-se de uma proposta de construção de uma arqueologia do esporte.
Ocorrência de dor combinada na coluna lombar, cintura pélvica e sínfise púbica entre gestantes do extremo sul do Brasil
Authors: Meucci Rodrigo Dalke , Perceval Aline Henriques , Lima Daniele Ramos de , Cousin Ewerton , Marmitt Luana Patrícia , Pizzato Paula , Silva Priscila Arruda da , Jesien Stephanie , Cesar Juraci Almeida
Published: June 2020

RESUMO: Objetivos: Estimar a prevalência e caracterizar a ocorrência de dor lombar gestacional (DLG), dor na cintura pélvica posterior (DCPP) e dor na sínfise púbica (DSP) entre gestantes residentes em Rio Grande, RS. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com todas as puérperas com parto em 2016. Foram utilizadas duas figuras para investigar a presença de DLG, DCPP e DSP de forma isolada ou combinada. Regressão logística multinomial foi usada para avaliar os fatores associados a cada sintoma. Resultados: DLG foi referida por 42,2% das entrevistadas, DSP por 4,9%, e DCPP por 2%, enquanto DLG + DSP por 9%, DLG + DCPP por 2,8%, DCPP + DSP por 1,1% e dor nas três regiões por 3,9% delas. Quanto maior era a idade da gestante, menor foi o risco de DLG e de DLG combinada a uma das regiões da cintura pélvica e maior o risco de DCPP + DSP. Depressão na gestação aumentou o risco de todas as combinações dos sintomas. Conclusão: Este estudo realizou uma descrição mais detalhada da ocorrência dos desfechos avaliados e de seus fatores associados. Estudos como este são raros no país, sobretudo com baixas taxas de perdas e recusas. A elevada prevalência dos sintomas avaliados sugere que sua investigação seja rotineira nas consultas de pré-natal, atendo-se a idade das gestantes, sintomas depressivos e a dores combinadas e intensas.
Tendência das iniquidades sociais nas notificações de violência sexual no Brasil entre 2010 e 2014
Authors: Silva Janmille Valdivino da , Roncalli Angelo Guiseppe
Published: June 2020

RESUMO: Introdução: A violência sexual tem despontado no cenário da saúde com as mudanças nos perfis epidemiológicos das populações. Metodologia: Estudo ecológico com 5.565 municípios brasileiros entre 2010 e 2014. Realizou-se análise descritiva das variáveis (taxa populacional de notificação de violência sexual, renda domiciliar per capita e índice de desenvolvimento humano - IDH) e suas estratificações por quintil. Para explorar os fatores associados às mudanças nas desigualdades sociais na taxa de notificação de violência sexual, foram adotados o coeficiente angular de desigualdade e o índice relativo de desigualdade. Construiu-se equiplot para o desfecho em cada variável independente. Resultados: A taxa média de notificações de violência sexual no Brasil foi de 4,38 notificações/100 mil habitantes para o período. Houve incremento na taxa de violência e melhoria nas condições socioeconômicas. Observou-se maior taxa de notificações no quintil com melhores condições de vida, bem como aumento na desigualdade da taxa de notificações de violência sexual em função da renda domiciliar e do IDH. Diversos fatores parecem influenciar o aumento das notificações de violência sexual no país. Entre eles, destacam-se a melhoria nas condições de vida da população e a maior sensibilidade moral à violência, contudo ainda há disparidade de notificações entre os municípios de acordo com sua condição socioeconômica. Conclusão: A falta de políticas públicas de equidade social em saúde tem interferido nas notificações de violência sexual no país e ampliado as iniquidades em saúde.
Concordância entre estado nutricional e percepção da imagem corporal em indígenas khisêdjê do Parque Indígena do Xingu
Authors: Santos Kennedy Maia dos , Tsutsui Mario Luiz da Silva , Mazzucchetti Lalucha , Galvão Patrícia Paiva de Oliveira , Granado Fernanda Serra , Rodrigues Douglas , Tomita Luciana Yuki , Maia Raquel da Rocha Paiva , Gimeno Suely Godoy Agostinho
Published: June 2020

RESUMO: Objetivos: Verificar a concordância entre autoimagem corporal (escala de silhuetas de Stunkard et al.) e estado nutricional e avaliar a satisfação corporal em indígenas khisêdjê do Parque Indígena do Xingu. Métodos: Estudo transversal que incluiu 131 indígenas khisêdjê, com 20 anos ou mais. Coletaram-se dados sobre imagem corporal, índice de massa corporal e perímetro da cintura. Foram utilizados a estatística kappa, o teste χ2 (p < 0,05), as razões de prevalências brutas e ajustadas e o teste t de Student. Resultados: As prevalências de sobrepeso e obesidade foram, respectivamente, 42 e 5,3%. A porcentagem de satisfação com o perfil corporal foi de 61,8%, sem diferença entre os sexos. Houve boa concordância entre autoimagem real e autoimagem ideal (p < 0,001), porém baixa concordância entre a autoimagem real e ideal e o estado nutricional para ambos os sexos. Maior prevalência de insatisfação corporal por excesso de peso foi detectada entre indivíduos com obesidade central e excesso de peso. Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que a autoimagem corporal avaliada por meio da escala de silhuetas de Stunkard et al. tem pouca aplicabilidade como indicador do estado nutricional de indígenas khisêdjê do Parque Indígena do Xingu.
Síndrome metabólica: inatividade física e desigualdades socioeconômicas entre idosos brasileiros não institucionalizados
Authors: Costa Ana Cristina de Oliveira , Duarte Yeda Aparecida de Oliveira , Andrade Fabíola Bof de
Published: June 2020

RESUMO: Objetivo: Avaliar a associação da síndrome metabólica (SM) com a atividade física e as condições socioeconômicas entre idosos não institucionalizados. Metodologia: Estudo transversal com idosos (≥ 60) não institucionalizados e residentes na cidade de São Paulo (SP). A SM foi classificada com base nos critérios da National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Realizou-se analise descritiva e bivariada seguida por regressão logística múltipla com nível de significância de 5%. Calcularam-se a fração atribuível (FA) e a fração atribuível proporcional (FAP) e determinou-se a magnitude das desigualdades por meio do índice absoluto de desigualdade e pelo índice relativo de desigualdade. Resultados: A prevalência de SM foi de 40,1%, e 23,3% dos idosos apresentavam pelo menos um componente da síndrome. A chance de SM foi maior entre os idosos fisicamente inativos. Idosos menos escolarizados apresentaram prevalências de SM significativamente maiores em termos absolutos e relativos. As FA e FAP entre os inativos e na população foram significativos. Conclusão: Este estudo demonstrou que a prática de atividade física e a escolaridade são fatores significativamente associados à SM, reforçando a importância desses fatores para o controle dessa síndrome.
Terminalidade, morte e luto na pandemia de COVID-19: demandas psicológicas emergentes e implicações práticas
Authors: Crepaldi Maria Aparecida , Schmidt Beatriz , Noal Débora da Silva , Bolze Simone Dill Azeredo , Gabarra Letícia Macedo
Published: June 2020

Resumo A doença causada pelo novo coronavírus (COVID-19) tem sido considerada uma grave crise sob o ponto de vista epidemiológico e, também, psicológico. Além das perdas em massa em curto espaço de tempo, as dificuldades para realização de rituais de despedida entre pessoas na iminência da morte e seus familiares, bem como de rituais funerários, podem dificultar a experiência de luto. O objetivo deste estudo é sistematizar conhecimentos sobre os processos de terminalidade, morte e luto no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19. Por meio de revisão narrativa da literatura, foram sumarizadas experiências relatadas em diferentes países durante a pandemia. Apresentam-se características das demandas psicológicas emergentes e implicações para a prática profissional do psicólogo. Considerando que expressões de afeto, condolências e espiritualidade sofrem alterações nesse cenário, discute-se a importância de potencializar formas alternativas e respeitosas para ritualização dos processos vividos, o que parece essencial para ressignificar perdas e enfrentar desafios durante e após a vigência da pandemia.
Validation of a multidisciplinary care protocol for critically ill patients with delirium
Authors: Souza Thieli Lemos de , Azzolin Karina de Oliveira , Souza Emiliane Nogueira de
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To validate a multiprofessional protocol for the care of patients with delirium admitted to an intensive care unit. Method: Methodological study with the purpose of confirming with experts the care recommendations proposed in the protocol. For the content validation process, the content validity index of ≥ 0.90 was considered. Results: Of the 48 recommendations submitted to content validation, only four did not reach consensus through the content validity index. The multiprofessional protocol for patients with delirium in the intensive care unit included care related to the diagnosis of delirium, pause in sedation, early mobilization, pain management, agitation and delirium, cognitive guidance, sleep promotion, environmental interventions, and family participation. Conclusion: The multiprofessional protocol qualifies the care provided to critically ill patients with delirium, improving clinical outcomes.
Association between individual, work-related and organizational factors and adherence to standard precautions
Authors: Cunha Quézia Boeira da , Freitas Etiane de Oliveira , Magnago Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza , Brevidelli Maria Meimei , Cesar Mariana Pellegrini , Camponogara Silviamar
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the association between individual, work-related and organizational factors with adherence to standard precautions. Method: Cross-sectional study, carried out from January to June 2016 with 602 nursing workers from a university hospital. Ten Likert-type psychometric scales were used, with 57 items, organized in three domains: individual, work-related and organizational factors. Data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The adherence to the standard precautions obtained a mean intermediate score (4.30 ± 1.03) and a positive correlation with the Risk Personality Scales (r = 0.136, p <0.0001), Prevention Efficacy (r = 0.109 , p <0.0001), Obstacles to follow the precautions (r = 0.394, p <0.0001), PPE availability (r = 0.189 p <0.0001), Safety Climate (r = 0.325, p <0 , 0001) and Training on Prevention of Occupational Exposure (r = + 0.308, p <0.0001). Conclusion: Adherence to standard precautions is associated with individual, work-related, and organizational factors.
Cumulative incidence and spatial distribution of dogs exposed to Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Olbera Alisson Vinícius Gimenes , Fornazari Felipe , Babboni Selene Daniela , Rossi Rodolfo Santos , Sevá Anaiá Paixão , Latosinski Giulia Soares , Silva Mariana Aimee Ramos Xavier da , Modolo Jose Rafael , Langoni Helio
Published: June 2020

Abstract Toxoplasma gondii is one of the most important protozoa parasites worldwide. Although many seroprevalence studies have been performed in domestic and wild species, data on the cumulative incidence and the spatial distribution of T. gondii in animals are extremely scarce. In the present study, dogs from Botucatu municipality, São Paulo state, were followed for one year and their blood samples were collected on three moments: days 1, 180, and 360. The sera were submitted to the immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) to detect IgG antibodies to T. gondii. Age and sex were compared with IFAT results through statistical tests. Spatial analysis was used to detect clusters of seropositive dogs. Among the 350 dogs that were seronegative on day 1, 53 became seropositive in subsequent samplings; thus, cumulative incidence was 15.1% exposed dogs/year. Age and sex were not associated with serological results. The spatial analysis revealed that seropositive dogs were distributed in all the studied areas, with a significant cluster in a zone with poor sanitary conditions and low socioeconomic status. T. gondii is frequent and widely distributed in the urban area of Botucatu, and impoverished areas are possibly associated with high levels of environmental contamination by this parasite.
Canine leishmaniasis in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil: epidemiology, factors associated with seropositivity and spatial analysis
Authors: Evaristo Anna Maria da Cruz Ferreira , Sevá Anaiá da Paixão , Oliveira Glauber Meneses Barboza de , Silva Ivo Wesley Gomes da , Ferreira Matheus Silva , Souza Eline Almeida Rodrigues de , Silva José Alexandre Menezes , Azevedo Sergio Santos , Horta Mauricio Claudio
Published: June 2020

Abstract This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence, factors associated with seropositivity to Leishmania infection in dogs and spatial analysis in six municipalities in the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 462 dogs, 77 in each municipality, and used for serological analysis [dual path platform (DPP®) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)]. Clinical signs of dogs were evaluated and associated factors for Leishmania infection were analyzed using robust Poisson regression model. A seroprevalence of 42.8% (198/462, IC: 95% = 38.6%-47.6%) was detected in dogs that tested positive in both tests, ranging from 29.8% to 55.8%, with higher prevalence in the municipality of Cabrobó (55.8%; P = 0.006). About 67% (132/198) of the seropositive dogs showed one or more clinical signs suggestive of canine leishmaniasis (CanL), such as lymphadenomegaly, skin lesions and conjunctivitis, which were associated with seropositivity. High seroprevalence levels were identified in urban and rural areas in all the municipalities, and the buffer for sand flies around cases covered almost these entire areas. Spatial analysis revealed a significant cluster, showing a relative risk of 1.88 in the urban area of Cabrobó. The higher density of seropositive dogs in urban areas indicates the need effective control measures against CanL to prevent the emergence of canine and human diseases.
Real-World Patterns of Everolimus Use in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Sharma Manvi , Duan Zhigang , Zhao Hui , Giordano Sharon H. , Chavez-MacGregor Mariana
Published: June 2020

Background

There is limited literature on patterns of everolimus use and subsequent hospitalizations and emergency room (ER) visits in real-world clinical practice. In this study, we describe patterns of everolimus use and hospitalizations and ER visits in a large cohort of patients with breast cancer (BC).

Materials and Methods

Patients with BC treated with everolimus were identified in the MarketScan database from 2009 to 2016. The pattern of everolimus use and frequency of associated ER visits and hospitalizations during treatment (between the first claim and 30 days after the last claim for everolimus) were identified. Descriptive statistics and regression models were used.

Results

A total of 3,556 everolimus users were identified (median age of 60 years; median days of use, 112). The initial prescribed dose was 10 mg in 74.8% of the patients. Compared with the initial dose, 23.5% of patients had a dose change. Forty-six percent of patients were hospitalized or had an ER visit during the treatment with everolimus. Age greater than 71, higher comorbidity score, treatment year prior to 2012, and lower initial dose were found to be significantly associated with ER visit/hospitalization in the regression models.

Conclusions

A significant proportion of patients receiving everolimus had an ER visit or hospitalization during the use of everolimus. These results provide data regarding risks and benefits of treatment with everolimus. These results will be helpful in identifying patients at higher risk of hospitalizations or ER visits and facilitate evidence-based decision making to avoid serious complications.

Implications for Practice

Everolimus, a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor, is approved in combination with exemestane in patients with hormone receptor–positive tumors previously treated with anastrozole or letrozole. As new drugs become available, it is crucial to understand the adverse events and potential complications associated with the use of such drugs in the general population, outside of the controlled clinical trial setting. This study describes the patterns of everolimus use and adverse events, including hospitalization and emergency room visits, in a large cohort of patients with metastatic breast cancer in routine practice.
Overtopping erosion of model earthen dams analysed using digital image-processing method
Authors: Zomorodian Seyed Mohammad Ali , Ataee Noghab Mohamad Jafar , Zolghadr Masih , O'Kelly Brendan C.
Published: June 2020

Overtopping erosion is one of the main factors responsible for the destruction of earthen structures due to floods. Considering the shortage of existing studies and the need for further research to properly understand the processes leading to breaching failure, this study investigates the effect of compaction level (dry density) on the overtopping erosion response of model compacted silty sand dams using a laboratory flume apparatus. From side-view video recordings of the homogeneous earthen dam cross-section, digital image-processing techniques are employed to track and forensically analyse and interpret the initiation and progression of the erosion edge. The results indicate that the overall pattern of initiation and development of overtopping erosion depends on the compaction level, with greater compactive effort (higher shear strength of soil) reducing its progression speed, thereby increasing the time period for the erosion edge to reach the dam's upstream crest (tB) and breaching failure. Artificial neural network and response surface methodology (RSM) approaches are investigated for estimating the experimental tB values, with the RSM-derived third-order polynomial found to produce good predictions for the three compaction levels investigated. Finally, recommendations are given for further research, including employing the experimental set-up presented for investigating other types of dam failure.
Structure and diversity of trees on post-fire regenerated areas in Sierra de Guerrero, Mexico
Authors: Alanís-Rodríguez Eduardo , Sánchez-Castillo Laura , Méndez-Osorio Cuauhtemoc , Canizales Velázquez Pamela Anabel , Mora-Olivo Arturo , Rubio Camacho Ernesto
Published: June 2020

Background: It is known that forest ecosystems have the capacity to regenerate over time. However, the anthropogenic influence over them arises the question on how different the original ecological conditions are after regeneration.

Question: Do fires and agrochemicals have an influence on tree diversity in the study area?

Studied species/ Data description/ Mathematical model: The structure and diversity data obtained from tree communities on four different areas were evaluated. The evaluated areas were a control area (mature forest without management) and three areas with different managements: reforested area, restored area and fumigated area.

Study site and years of study: The study area was located in the Sierra de Guerrero, Mexico on areas affected by a fire that occurred in 2005. Seven years after the fire, in 2012, the investigation was performed.

Methods: In each selected area a census of all tree species was carried out. The density, dominance, frequency, and importance value index were determined per species. Moreover, the diversity at community level and richness were estimated.

Results: The control area showed highest values of density and dominance. The regenerated and reforested area showed highest values of specific richness and diversity.

Conclusions: The evaluated areas showed significant differences when comparing diversity and structure indexes. It is recommended to implement reforestation actions in areas affected by forest fires.
Environmental filters determine the distribution of tree species in a threatened biodiversity hotspot in western Mexico
Authors: Arenas-Navarro Maribel , García-Oliva Felipe , Torres-Miranda Andrés , Téllez-Valdés Oswaldo , Oyama Ken
Published: June 2020

Background: Analyzing interactions between vegetation and environmental factors at regional scales provide information for the understanding of species assemblages. Hypotheses: Environmental restrictions at higher elevations produce a decreasing species richness pattern along an elevational gradient and the climatic variables related to temperature and precipitation are the main filters of species distribution. Objectives: (1) To identify the different assemblages of tree species occurring in a biodiversity hotspot; (2) to analyze the pattern of tree species richness along an elevational gradient; and (3) to analyze the environmental filters that determine the species distribution. Study site: Serranías Meridionales of Jalisco in western Mexico. Period of study: 2016-2018. Methods: Thirty-three rectangular 0.1 ha plots were established for vegetation and environmental characterization. Cluster and canonical correspondence analyses were conducted to analyze tree species composition. We defined three groups of variables (climatic, relief and soil) to evaluate the influence of environmental filters. We used generalized linear models to assess the contribution of each group to the spatial variation in species richness. Results: A total of 63 tree species were recorded. The cluster analysis defined eight groups within three forest types. The species richness showed a hump-shaped pattern along the elevational gradient and the climatic and soil variables explained a considerable amount of variation in the species richness. Conclusions: The tree species richness in the Serranías Meridionales de Jalisco is dominated by a striking number of Pinus and Quercus species. This biodiversity hotspot is an important site for the understanding of tree ecological diversification in Mexico.
Use of remote sensing and anatomical evidence at contrasting elevations to infer climate change sensitivity: preliminary results in Pinus patula
Authors: Del Castillo Rafael F. , Terrazas Teresa , Trujillo-Argueta Sonia , Rivera-García Raúl
Published: June 2020

Background. Indicators of productivity could be useful to identify vulnerable species to climate change, stress and safeguarding sites, and early detection of climate change effects, but require to be developed and tested.
Species study. Pinus patula is a tropical Mexican mountain pine on which divergent opinions are available regarding its sensitivity to global warming. Local anecdotes indicate upslope shifts.
Methods. We use a space-for-time substitution to infer climate change sensitivity in Pinus patula, testing putative productivity indicators at different elevations: the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and leaf anatomical traits, after following standardization protocols.
Results. As elevation increases, the NDVI, leaf thickness, and the mesophyll width increased, while the xylem-to-mesophyll ratio decreased, probably as different plant manifestations to higher productivity towards the mountain tops. These results concur with other studies showing evidence of more productivity toward higher elevations on the leeward side of the southern Mexico mountains based on NDVI, small mammal abundance, soil macrofungi carpophore cover, and tree basal area. Under global warming, high elevations in south Mexico appear to become more favorable because of their less extreme cold temperatures and higher rainfall.
Conclusions. Our results provide an explanation of previous findings suggesting that global warming could reduce the population size and the habitable area of Pinus patula , and the observed upslope shifts. After following standardization protocols, the NDVI, mesophyll width, and xylem-to-mesophyll ratio could be promising tools to assess climate change sensitivity in terrestrial plants and deserve further studies to test their validity in other situations and species.
Despite dramatic local changes, the metacommunity structure of a semiarid scrub remains unaffected after 23 years
Authors: Jiménez Monserrat , Zavala-Hurtado José Alejandro , Martorell Carlos , Vega Ernesto , Sandoval-Palacios Esther , Hernández-Cárdenas Gilberto , Rendón-Aguilar Beatriz
Published: June 2020

Background: Understanding changes in local community composition along environmental gradients is essential for studying the long-term metacommunity dynamics. The metacommunity structure depends on the distribution of species along environmental gradients in terms of their coherence (continuity in their distribution range), species turnover and grouping of their range limits. A Clementsian structure would be defined by coherent ranges, significant turnover and sharp limits between local communities. All other things equal, a Gleasonian structure is distinguished by the absence of clear boundaries between local communities.
Questions: The structure of a scrubland/semiarid/xeric metacommunity changes 23 years after its first characterization? Do environment and spatial variables determine the metacommunity structure?
Species studied: 104 perennial-plant species.
Study site and dates: Zapotitlán semi-arid valley, Puebla, in 1980 and 2003.
Methods: Metacommunity structure and its relationship to environmental (edaphic) and spatial (altitude, slope and geographical location) variables were analyzed using data from the two historic surveys.
Results: In 1980 a Clementsian structure was determined, which remained unchanged after 23 years. The importance of environmental filters decreased from 1980 to 2003.
Conclusions: The prediction that, due to stochastic dispersion of propagules, the metacommunity would tend toward a Gleasonian structure was not fulfilled. There was no evidence for homogenization, although local tetechera communities (with dominance of the giant columnar cactus Cephalocereus tetetzo) had been invaded and transformed into shrubland communities. Local communities and the metacommunity should be monitored continuously to understand of the long-term structuration of these systems.
Clonal propagation of Trichocentrum stramineum (Orchidaceae), a threatened species endemic to Mexico
Authors: Ramos-Ortiz Selene , Rangel-Guerrero Luz Ma. , Pedraza-Santos Martha Elena , Chávez-Ávila Víctor Manuel , Martínez-Ávalos José Guadalupe , Sánchez-Vargas Nahum M. , Martínez-Palacios Alejandro
Published: June 2020

Background: Cloning techniques are applied to an endangered orchid species in order to reproduce individual plants and to preserve their genetic characteristics.
Objectives: To establish a new protocol for clonal propagation of a threatened orchid of horticultural importance.
Study species: Trichocentrum stramineum , a threatened orchid endemic to Mexico.
Study site and duration: Totutla, Veracruz, Mexico. All experiments were designed and carried out at the Botanical Garden-UNAM and the IIAF-UMSNH over a course of six years.
Methods: Seeds were germinated in a modified KC basal medium; protocorms and apical bud explants were obtained from the resulting in vitro plants and cultivated with or without plant growth regulators (PGRs). Both experimental groups were subcultured in order to evaluate the number of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) and buds per explant.
Results: On average, protocorms generated 51.2 and 54.1 PLBs in the absence or presence of 1 mg l-1 6-benzyladenine (BA), respectively, while 13.1 and up to 23.7 PLBs and / or shoots were observed on the apical bud explants in the absence or presence of 1 mg l-1 kinetin, respectively. In both cases, responses were direct, without the formation of an intervening callus. Approximately 200 PLBs were subcultured and developed into whole plants within 14 weeks. These were acclimatized to greenhouse conditions with a 90 % survival rate after 12 weeks. After 44 weeks, flowering was observed (3 %) individuals measuring at least 12 cm in height.
Conclusions: The developed protocol proved to hold great potential for commercial propagation and conservation programs.
Spectral sensors prove beneficial in determining nitrogen fertilizer needs of Urochloa brizantha cv. Xaraés grass in Brazil
Authors: Bazame Helizani C. , Pinto Francisco A.C. , Queiroz Domingos S. , Queiroz Daniel M. de , Althoff Daniel
Published: June 2020

The objective of the present work was to evaluate the use of spectral sensors to determine nitrogen fertilizer requirements for pastures of Urochloa brizantha cv. Xaraés in Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block design with 4 replications of 4 treatments: a control treatment (TT) without application of N; a reference treatment (TR) with N applied at a standard predetermined fixed rate (150 kg urea/ha/cycle); a treatment using GreenSeekerTM (TG) to determine N requirement by the canopy normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI); and a treatment using SPAD 502 (TS) to determine N requirement by foliar chlorophyll assessment. For treatments involving spectral sensors, N fertilizer was applied at half the rate of that in the reference treatment at the beginning of each cycle and further N was applied only when the nitrogen sufficiency index dropped below 0.85. The sensors used in the work indicated that no additional N fertilizer was required by these pastures above the half rates applied. Applying N at the reduced rates to the pastures was more efficient than the pre-determined fixed rate, as both sensor treatments and the fixed rate treatment produced similar total forage yields, with similar crude protein concentrations. All fertilized pastures supported similar stocking rates, while the sensor treatments used less N fertilizer, i.e. 75 kg urea/ha/cycle less than the reference plot. Longer-term studies to verify these findings are warranted followed by promotion of the technology to farmers to possibly reduce fertilizer application rates, improve profitability and provide environmental benefits.
Prevalence of Maxillofacial Non-Odontogenic Bone and Cartilage Tumours in Educational Hospitals and Institutions in Cairo Governorate: A Retrospective Study v1
Authors: El-Sonbaty Nourhan
Published: June 2020

Maxillofacial bone and cartilage tumours (MF BCT) are group of non-odontogenic lesions affecting the maxillofacial area (El-naggar et al, 2017). MF BCT are usually difficult to diagnose due to overlapping of their morphological features (Kindblom, 2009). In addition, being rare to practice leaves their management very challenging. MF BCT are classified, as benign or malignant, according to their behaviour. Despite the slow growth rate and lack of symptoms of the benign lesions, they can result in extensive loss of hard and soft tissues, which disrupts the patient’s daily functions (Vani et al, 2017). The malignant lesions, on the other hand, are characterized by local recurrence and invasion of the surrounding vital structures, causing pain, swelling and paraesthesia. In addition, some malignant lesions are found resistant to chemotherapy (Mahajan et al, 2017). However, regardless of their behaviour, MF BCT usually cause huge facial deformities (Okoh et al, 2018). MF BCT are known to exhibit different geographic prevalence as shown by studies from African countries, Asian and Western nations. This could be attributed to cultural, occupational or environmental factors (Bassey et al, 2014). Accordingly, studying the frequencies of such lesions, will help in understanding the disease patterns within different populations (Ha et al, 2014). Thus, organizing epidemiological studies of these lesions in different areas is highly important to help in identifying high-risk populations and aid in healthcare service allocations (Alhindi et al, 2019). Surprisingly, upon going through previous epidemiological researches, it was noted that, the light was always shed on specific lesions, such as osteosarcomas. While, the prevalence of rare tumours was neglected, thus concluding and comparing the prevalence of such group of lesions, is still debatable (Hakim et al, 2015). To the best of our knowledge, no epidemiological studies have been conducted on MF BCT, in Cairo. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the incidence, frequency and demographic characteristics of such lesions in educational hospitals and institutions in Cairo Governorate, to be able to plan effective therapy to improve disease outcome and patient prognosis.
qPCR quantification of methanogens using general mcrA primers v1
Authors: Angel Roey , Petrova Eva
Published: June 2020

General mcrA primers for quantifying methanogens using a SYBR Green-based assay.
Perbandingan Pengaruh Model Kooperatif dengan Media Gambar Hidup dan Media Gambar Diam terhadap Penguasaan Jurus Tunggal Baku Tangan Kosong
Authors: Febrianti Sylvia Rahayu
Published: June 2020

This study aims to show the effect of cooperative models with interactive image media on the mastery of a standard single-handed empty hand. The research method is an experiment with a pre-test and post-test group. The population in this study are class IV and V students of SDN 053 Cisitu, Bandung, total of 302 people. The sample of this study are 80 people with purposive sampling technique. Analysing data through descriptive statistic, normality test, homogeneity test and hypothesis test using SPSS version 25 software for Windows. The results of this study shows that cooperative model with passive image media gives an effect on mastery of single bare handed skill. AbstrakStudi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model kooperatif dengan media gambar hidup terhadap penguasaan jurus tunggal baku tangan kosong. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu eksperimen dengan desain penelitian pre-test post-test group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas IV dan V SDN 053 Cisitu Kota Bandung berjumlah 302 orang. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 80 orang dengan teknik pengambilan purposive sampling. Analisis data yaitu statistik deskriptif, uji normalitas, uji homogenitas dan uji hipotesis dengan bantuan software SPSS versi 25 for Windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model kooperatif dengan media gambar diam memberikan pengaruh terhadap penguasaan jurus tunggal baku tangan kosong.
Implementasi Model Inkuiri dalam Pembelajaran Soccer Like Games untuk Meningkatkan Jumlah Waktu Aktif Belajar Siswa
Authors: Suryaman Irvan Hilmy
Published: June 2020

The background of this study was the low level of play skill and also the application of learning models of physical education at primary schools. In order to resolve those problems, the researchers applied a strategy called "The Implementation of Inquiry Model in Learning Soccer like games to Increase The Amount of Active Learning Time for The 5th Grade Students". The goal of this research was to know the increasing of the 5th grade students' skills at SDN 062 Ciujung, Bandung City in playing soccer like games. Classroom Action Research was used as the method of this research. The object of this research was SDN Ciujung Bandung City. There were 30 students participated as the subject of this research. The result of this achieved (80,00%) for the amount of active learning time at (76,00%). From the previous data, it could be concluded that there were some increasing for each cycles and actions and so the application of inquiry model for soccer like games could increase students' skill with the learning time. AbstrakStudi ini dilatar belakangi oleh rendahnya  waktu aktif belajar pada keterampilan bermain soccer like games dan kurangnya  penerapan model-model pembelajaran Pendidikan jasmani di Sekolah Dasar maka peneliti dalam upaya mengatasi permasalahan tersebut peneliti menerapkan salah satu strategi pembelajaran yaitu Implementasi Model Inquiri Dalam Pembelajaran Soccer like-games untuk Meningkatkan Jumlah Waktu Aktif Belajar (JWAB)  Siswa Kelas V SD yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan keterampilan bermain Soccer like-games kelas V SDN 062 Ciujung Kota Bandung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Objek dalam penelitian ini yaitu Sekolah Dasar Negeri Ciujung Kota Bandung. Subjek dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 30 siswa. Hasil observasi menunjukan tingkat keterampilan bermain siswa mencapai (80,00%) dan pada jumlah waktu aktif belajar berjumlah (76,00%). Dari data hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa mengalami peningkatan presentase setiap siklus dan tindakannya sehingga dengan penerapan model inkuiri pada permainan Soccer like-games dapat meningkatkan keterampilan bermain siswa dengan waktu belajar.
Hasil Belajar Pendidikan Jasmani dan Olahraga Siswa Sekolah Dasar: Pengaruh Keterampilan Motorik (Tinggi) dan Model Pembelajaran (Kooperatif)
Authors: Setiawan Anang , Yudiana Yunyun , Ugelta Surdiniaty , Oktriani Seni , Budi Didik Rilastiyo , Listiandi Arfin Deri
Published: June 2020

The level of motor skills of elementary school students can be influenced by many things such as movement experience, the environment, and facilities for learning so that it also impacts on learning outcomes. This study intends to find out the differences in physical education and sports learning outcomes of floor gymnastic material from elementary school students who have high motor skills. Floor gymnastic learning material is used in two cooperative learning model strategies (Student Teams Achievement Divisions and Jigsaw). The research approach method used was an experiment with a Pre-Experimental design. The students' motor skills were measured using the Johnson Fundamental Skills Test, while the series of floor motion exercises for Grade V Elementary School students were used as research instruments. The results of his study showed that there were differences in physical education learning outcomes and sports materials on floor gymnastics, groups of students with the STAD strategy got better learning outcomes compared to the Jigsaw strategy group. So, it can be concluded that the use of the STAD strategy cooperative learning model for students with high motor skills gives a better influence than Jigsaw's strategy on learning outcomes of physical education and sports learning exercises for floor gymnastics.AbstrakTingkat keterampilan motorik siswa Sekolah Dasar bisa dipengaruhi oleh banyak hal seperti pengalaman gerak, lingkungan, serta fasilitas untuk pembelajaran sehingga berdampak pula terhadap hasil belajarnya. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar pendidikan jasmani dan olahraga materi senam lantai dari siswa Sekolah Dasar yang memiliki keterampilan motorik tinggi. Materi pembelajaran senam lantai digunakan pada dua strategi model pembelajaran kooperatif (student Teams Achievement Divisions dan Jigsaw). Metode Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan desain Pre-Experimental. Keterampilan motorik siswa diukur menggunakan Johnson Fundamental Skills Test, sedangkan rangkaian gerak senam lantai untuk siswa Sekolah Dasar kelas V digunakan sebagai instrumen penelitian. Hasil penelitiannya menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar pendidikan jasmani dan olahraga materi senam lantai, kelompok siswa dengan strategi STAD mendapatkan hasil belajar yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kelompok strategi Jigsaw. Sehingga, dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran kooperatif strategi STAD kepada siswa dengan keterampilan motorik tinggi memberikan pengaruh yang lebih baik daripada strategi Jigsaw terhadap hasil belajar pendidikan jasmani dan olahraga materi pembelajaran senam lantai.
Construction of Horizontal Networks on “Migrant” Russian-Language Digital Platforms
Authors: Timoshkin Dmitry O.
Published: June 2020

The article discusses the Russian-language “migrant” groups in the social networking service “Vkontakte.” The author analyses mechanisms of constructing horizontal networks in these groups uniting Russian-speaking immigrants in the Russian Federation, their role in migration planning and solving everyday household, legal and moral problems. The article uses the language of describing mobility by J. Urry: we consider “migrant” digital platforms to be the space in which thematic network “nodes” are created, which allow accumulating the information resources of several horizontal networks needed to solve a particular current problem. The article also formulates a hypothesis about the existence of a “migrant” meta-network consisting of people who are part of migration flows, and who service or exploit them. We assume that the digital platforms under consideration significantly simplify the integration process by being a space that allows the formation of local, “thematic” nodes of the “migrant” meta-network that accumulate a social capital and information
Routes of Sustenance: Infrastructure and Food Security Strategies in Chukotka
Authors: Davydov Vladimir N. , Davydova Elena A.
Published: June 2020

The problem of food supply is especially poignant in the remote and hard to reach Arctic settlements. Therefore, local people have to develop their own food distribution strategies. They actively employ the alternative ways of food acquisition and accumulation to maintain a sense of their food security via the use of local infrastructure, networks of relatives and friends and technologies for self-production, processing and storage of products. The article describes the recent trends in food circulation in the Iul’tinskii district of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. The authors consider the existing model of food redistribution between the tundra camps, reindeer herding and coastal villages, as well as the district center. They analyze the impact that one of the largest Soviet projects in Chukotka – the Iul’tinskaia road had on food security practices of the local people. The emergence of new infrastructure has affected both their mobility and perception of food. The article demonstrates how a whole set of various state projects and commercial initiatives frame local nutritional needs, but at the same time can either hinder or contribute to their satisfaction. The relations between the infrastructural projects and the basic needs have both intersection points and “gaps” which require active regulation both by the members of the local community and the state. In this context, local people can be seen as the active agents who creatively use the existing in the region infrastructure in order to maintain their food security
Heritage education experience supported in augmented reality
Authors: Mendoza-Garrido Raynel , Cabarcas-Álvarez Amaury , Puello-Beltran Juan José , Fabregat-Gesa Ramon , Baldiris-Navarro Silvia Margarita
Published: June 2020

Heritage Education is a process that traditionally takes place within the classroom, where the teacher transmits some knowledge to the student; however, new ways have been implemented to develop Heritage Education processes supported by different technologies where Augmented Reality is included. This paper describes the process of implementing the “Framework for Heritage Education supported by Augmented Reality”, which proposes guidelines for the development of technology solutions based on Augmented Reality in the context of Heritage Education, through the deployment of an application called “Social Heritage ”developed under the guidelines of this Framework. The paper describes the implementation process of the Framework in the city of Cartagena - Colombia and the validation process with the end users. For the evaluation of the experience, the motivation test was used for the instructional design that measures the categories: Attention, Relevance, Confidence and Satisfaction. This test was applied to a group of students and a group of tourists. The validation results show that the use of augmented reality motivated both students and tourists in the development of heritage education processes. This allowed us to conclude that augmented reality technology is pertinent when promoting learning processes in the context of heritage.
Ecological-geomorphological analysis of the territory of the Fastiv district in the Kyiv region
Authors: Pustovit L.
Published: June 2020

his article examines the ecological and geomorphological state of the Fastivskyy region, describes in detail the analysis and provides a score evaluation of the territory depending on 7 indicators. Selected indicators: horizontal dismemberment, vertical dismemberment, slope steepness, soil formation deposits, soils, plowing area, forested area. There are several cartographic schemes proposed for consideration, which describe ecological and geomorphological state of the investigated territory according to the proposed factors. On the basis of the research, the integral evaluation of the ecological and geomorphological state of the investigated territory according to the village districts has been given. Village districts with the best and worst geo-ecological state have been identified. An assessment of the ecological and geomorphological state of the investigated region was made taking into account the influence of specific factors.
Morphostructural organization of the North-Western part of the Black Sea shelf
Authors: Mikhaylenko E.
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the investigation of the morphostructure organization of the northwestern part of the Black Sea shelf and the connection of morphostructural elements with underwater canyons. In the presented material is considered the issue of the origin of underwater canyons. The valleys of the Danube, the Dnieper, the Dniester, and the Southern Bug are followed on the north-western shelf at a considerable distance from the shore (approximately 100-120 km). The question of the origin of the underwater canyons remains controversial. Since the underwater canyons in their main part are the continuation of large rivers, the question arises of their paleogeographic origin, but at the same time if the underwater canyons are former river valleys, then how did they find themselves at the bottom of the sea at depths of 2000 m? Consequently, we need incredible tectonic processes to hide the riverbed at such a depth. All this contradicts the formation of the Earth in Tertiary and Quaternary time. Consequently, there are reasons to believe that the underwater canyons are based on tectonic forms of relief. The analysis of the tectonic discontinuity of the Baltic Shield and other areas shows that when the shields are raised, radial split systems are formed and concentrically located to the center of the lift. This hypothesis is consistent with the theory of tectonic plates. It is likely that the same system of splits should also be formed when immersing the edge of the main platform. Thus, the most scientific one can be considered a tectonic hypothesis. The characteristic of morphostructures, analysis of their interconnection, expression in the relief, connection with underwater canyons is carried out. It was investigated that all large underwater canyons of the Black Sea shelf coincide with the isolated linear morphostructures, and, consequently, have tectonic origin.