bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hacia una normativa sobre la inteligencia artificial (IA): consideraciones clave y regulaciones internacionales
Authors: Bustillos Ortega Olda , Murillo Gamboa Jorge , Núñez Peralta Olman , Rodríguez Sibaja Fabián
Published: December 2024

La inteligencia artificial (IA) es una tecnología disruptiva que tiene un impacto significativo en diversos aspectos de la sociedad y la economía. Su rápido desarrollo ha generado la necesidad urgente de definir y establecer regulaciones que aborden los desafíos éticos, sociales y económicos que conlleva su adopción. La falta de una regulación adecuada trae consigo el riesgo de discriminación y sesgos en la toma de decisiones basadas en IA, lo que podría socavar la confianza pública en esta tecnología. Este artículo tiene como objetivo identificar los elementos clave necesarios que sirvan de base para la elaboración de una normativa efectiva de IA. Se toman en cuenta las regulaciones internacionales de la Unión Europea, los Estados Unidos, así como las iniciativas de organismos internacionales como la Unesco, la OCDE y la Comisión Económica para América Latina (Cepal) con su Índice Latinoamericano de Inteligencia Artificial (ILIA). Además, se presenta el caso específico de Costa Rica como ejemplo de formulación de una estrategia de inteligencia artificial. Se proponen lineamientos para una normativa coherente y efectiva de IA que promueva la cooperación y la armonización de las regulaciones. Estas pautas se ofrecen como guía para regular las herramientas y aplicaciones de IA, así como para adoptarla y usarla de manera responsable en beneficio de la sociedad, apoyada en la cooperación, consensos y acuerdos entre organizaciones y países.
Evaluation of anti-hypertensive activity of trachyspermum ammi seeds extract on albino rats
Authors: Ramya Ch , Sowmya P Reena , Chintha Chinmayi , Praveen Chakinala Anu , Chandana Veeramalla
Published: December 2024

The study evaluates the antihypertensive activity of Trachyspermum ammi seed extract in albino rats. A preliminary phytochemical analysis identified the presence of steroids, alkaloids, glycosides, carbohydrates, flavonoids, and saponins in the extract. No mortality or behavioral abnormalities were observed during the experiment, confirming the extract's safety at administered doses.Nifedipine, a standard antihypertensive drug, significantly reduced blood pressure parameters, serving as a positive control. Hypertension was induced in DDS model rats using an 8% NaCl method. The ethanolic extract of T. ammi (EET) at a high dose significantly reduced systolic, mean, and diastolic blood pressure, indicating a dose-dependent antihypertensive effect.Phytochemicals such as alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, and saponins, known for their antihypertensive properties, are likely responsible for this activity. These compounds may act through mechanisms like vasodilation, diuretic effects, or modulation of vascular resistance.The findings highlight the potential of T. ammi as a natural antihypertensive agent. Further research focusing on isolating and characterizing its active constituents is needed to elucidate their mechanisms and therapeutic applications. Such studies could contribute to the development of plant-based treatments for hypertension, providing an alternative or complementary option to conventional drug therapies.
A review: the therapeutic power of natural extracts in wound recovery
Authors: M Nandhini , A Ruban Jayaraj , R Lavanya , M Lathika , KV Megavarthini , M Lavanya , Shanmugapandiyan P
Published: December 2024

Natural extracts from plants, herbs, and other biological sources have demonstrated substantial potential in wound healing through their diverse biochemical activities, primarily attributed to active compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, and terpenoids. These compounds facilitate wound healing across various stages, including hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling, by modulating cellular responses, promoting tissue regeneration, and minimizing scar formation. During the hemostasis phase, natural extracts enhance platelet aggregation and fibrin formation, creating an initial matrix conducive to cell migration. In the inflammation phase, these extracts exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and contributing to chronic inflammation. This anti-inflammatory activity accelerates the transition to the proliferative phase, where active compounds stimulate fibroblast and keratinocyte proliferation, promoting collagen synthesis and angiogenesis critical for new tissue formation. During the remodeling phase, natural extracts aid in collagen reorganization and maturation, improving tissue strength and elasticity while minimizing excessive scarring. However, despite the benefits, challenges such as limited bioavailability, stability, and inconsistent dosing hinder clinical applications. Advanced delivery systems, including nanofibers and hydrogels, are being explored to improve the stability and efficacy of these bioactive compounds. This review synthesizes recent research on the biochemical mechanisms of natural extracts in wound healing, outlines the clinical challenges, and highlights future directions for enhancing their therapeutic utility.
Morphometric Characteristics of Beaver Dams and Ponds in Small Rivers of the Volga-Kama Region, European Russia
Authors:   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Gusarov A. V. , Sharifullin A. G. ,   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University
Published: December 2024

In this paper, based on the results of a field survey using GNSS equipment, some morphometric characteristics of beaver (Castor fiber L.) dams (length, height and their ratio) and ponds (length) in ten small rivers of the Volga-Kama region are determined. Analysis of the beaver dams showed a statistically significant increase in their heights as the slopes of river channels increase. The critical value of the channel slope at which a statistically significant change in the heights of beaver dams occurs is 1.45 %. The greatest average heights of beaver dams are confined to rivers, the basins of which are composed of predominantly loamy sediments on their surfaces, especially in those cases where the soils formed on them are poorly plowed. A statistically significant decrease in the length of beaver dams and their associated ponds with increasing river slopes was also revealed. The critical value of the channel slope at which a statistically significant change in the lengths of beaver dams occurs ranges from 0.54 to 1.07 %, depending on the selected test. For pond lengths, this value ranges from 0.47 to 0.65 %. Intraregional changes in the morphometry of these beaver constructions are considered. The features noted above reflect the early stage of settlement of Castor fiber L. in the rivers under study.
Geomorphometric Analysis of Digital Elevation Model of the Verkhneangarskaya Basin for Identifying and Assessing Dangerous Gravitational Processes
Authors:   Baikal Institute of Nature Management SB RAS, Borisova T. A. , Beshentsev A. N. ,   Baikal Institute of Nature Management SB RAS, Petrov S. A. ,   Baikal Institute of Nature Management SB RAS
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of a comprehensive geomorphological analysis of the relief types of the Verkhneangarskaya depression (Lake Baikal basin) for geoinformation diagnostics of dangerous gravitational processes. The physical and geographical characteristics of the study area are given, tectonic and geological features of relief formation are designated. For metric assessment and subsequent mapping of the relief in the ArcGIS software environment, a digital elevation model (DEM) of the study area and raster coverages of morphometric parameters of slope and aspect were created on the basis of isolines and elevation marks of the topographic base at a scale of 1:100 000. For geomorphometric analysis of the relief model, five representative polygons were selected that characterize similar relief types of arched-block mountains and have the same physical and geographical conditions for the formation and development of gravitational processes. To visualize each polygon, slope and aspect mapping was performed, and a space image was presented. In the process of analysis and geomorphological interpretation of representative polygons, the planned-altitude metric parameters of relief types with similar morphometric characteristics were established, contributing to the formation and development of dangerous gravitational processes and determining the conditions and risks of economic activity in mountainous areas: high-mountain erosion-exaration, high-mountain denudation-erosion, mid-mountain erosion-denudation, mid-mountain denudationerosion, low-mountain denudation.
Income of oil Hydrocarbons on to Lake Baikal Surface with Atmospheric Precipitation
Authors:   Limnological Institute SB RAS, Marinayte I. I. , Netsvetaeva O. G. ,   Limnological Institute SB RAS, Potemkin V. L. ,   Limnological Institute SB RAS, Sinyukovich V. N. ,   Limnological Institute SB RAS
Published: December 2024

The paper presents the results of studies of oil hydrocarbons contents in atmospheric precipitations in 2023 on monitoring stations in South Pre-Baikal (Irkutsk City, Listvuanka and Bol’shiye Koty settlements, Baikal Natural Biosphere Reserve). It was found out that maximal OH concentrations were observed in the precipitations of autumn and winter months, this is due both to low precipitations during that period and to increase of volume of oil-containing emissions during heating season. The degree of pollution of rain and snow waters with oil hydrocarbons according to sanitary and hygienic norms for fishery water bodies was estimated (MPC for fishery waters). An elevated content of oil hydrocarbons in the precipitations at the station Irkutsk was revealed, it was reaching 10 (MPC for fishery waters). In Bol’shiye Koty settl., there were no cases of precipitations pollution above the accepted norms. At the station in Baikal Natural Reserve, a single (MPC for fishery waters). MAC increase was revealed. Income of oil hydrocarbons from the atmosphere onto lake water area was estimated as 200-250 tons/year. The results obtained are comparable with data of Lake Baikal State monitoring.
Ecological and Economic Balance Indicators Evaluation in Administrative Boundaries of Peter the Great Gulf Basin
Authors:   Pacific Geographical Institute FEB RAS, Muzychenko T. K.
Published: December 2024

In this publication, the authors have performed the ecological and economic balance assessment on 18 administrative division units within the transboundary Peter the Great Gulf basin. The people have always viewed coastal areas as an attractive venue for economic development, thus subjecting them to increased environmental pressure and providing relevance to the publication subject matter. Land use patterns are influenced by administrative boundaries far more often than the natural, making them the most effective choice for the assessment. A land use/land cover map of the area of interest has been made via supervised classification of Sentinel-2 imagery. The map contains 10 land use/land cover classes: water bodies, built-up lands, quarries and mines, shrubs, forests, meadows, inactive rice paddies, inactive agricultural land, active rice paddies, active agricultural land. Each land use/land cover class has received an anthropogenic load rating on the scale from 1 to 6, allowing the authors to calculate the indicators used for ecological and economic balance assessment – absolute and relative tension indices, total area of resource-stabilizing land, and, finally, natural protectedness index. The indicators have shown that, on average, the balance between the natural potential and economic development is maintained within the area of interest. However, an individual municipality-based analysis reveals that some of them experience tense environmental conditions. These territories are usually urban (Vladivostok, Partizansk, Bolshoy Kamen, and Nakhodka), but rural territories with extensive agricultural development (such as Oktyabrsky and Mikhaylovsky districts) can also be vulnerable to various ecological threats, as evidenced by the assessment results.
EDUCAÇÃO FINANCEIRA NAS ESCOLAS: POSSIBILIDADES EM UMA ATIVIDADE INTENCIONAL ACERCA DE EMPRÉSTIMO
Authors: Teixeira Paulo Jorge Magalhães
Published: December 2024

Este artigo objetiva levantar questões e discutir a relevância do raciocínio financeiro crítico (RFC) no ensino e na aprendizagem da educação financeira, nas escolas (EFE), e os elementos necessários para compor uma atividade intencional que privilegie esse raciocínio, com vieses sociológico, cultural e atitudinal. Para tal, discutimos o lugar de ressalto da memorização e das técnicas, no ensino, em detrimento das ações de refletir, questionar e pensar. Também, discutir sobre o lugar de destaque que a sequência "exemplos  definição, resultados  exemplos  fórmulas, técnicas  aplicações  exercícios” têm ocupado nas aulas de matemática básica. Ao abordarmos a relevância do exercício do RFC, na resolução de questões financeiras, direcionamos nosso olhar para discussões quanto ao processo de elaboração de uma atividade intencional que estimule e potencialize esse raciocínio, tendo como base pressupostos da metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa. As conclusões indicam quais elementos são necessários para o estímulo à mobilização do raciocínio: elaborar atividades intencionais, com foco na mobilização do RFC; enumerar quais elementos são necessários para compor tais atividades; priorizar situações do cotidiano, segundo o aspecto transdisciplinar; fazer uso de tecnologia e estar em consonância com as tendências da EFE.
A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES QUE ENSINAM MATEMÁTICA SOB A PERSPECTIVA DA ETNOMATEMÁTICA
Authors: Pereira Antônia Lília Soares , Leite Kecio Gonçalves
Published: December 2024

Este artigo situa-se teoricamente na interface da formação docente com a Etnomatemática. Busca estabelecer uma compreensão de potenciais contribuições das práticas socioculturais e dos saberes matemáticos de grupos culturais específicos para a formação de professores que ensinam Matemática. Este estudo tem o objetivo de compreender a importância da abordagem da Etnomatemática para a formação inicial de professores de Matemática. A pesquisa é bibliográfica, de cunho qualitativo e caracteriza-se como um ensaio teórico. Como resultados, destaca-se que o professor de Matemática em formação inicial necessita compreender que a escola se constitui como um alicerce que envolve a interface cultural da diversidade de grupos sociais. O licenciando, em sua formação, precisa identificar esse espaço como um ambiente de interação, pertencimento e construção de uma sociedade que se constitui de diferentes culturas. As contribuições da Etnomatemática na formação inicial de professores de Matemática enfocam a importância das práticas e dos saberes matemáticos regionalizados, os seus significados em meio aos processos socioculturais e as implicações no currículo escolar. Conclui-se que o estudo da interação de diferentes conhecimentos matemáticos, no contexto cultural da escola, implica ações do “saber/fazer” de grupos socioculturais. Portanto, a prática pedagógica e a formação docente, a partir de um viés da Etnomatemática, podem proporcionar experiências reflexivas e o reconhecimento de saberes e de comunidades que vivem em contextos distintos, com identidades culturais e formas próprias de existência e resistência.
CERÂMICAS ARQUEOLÓGICAS COMO UM POSSÍVEL ORGANIZADOR PRÉVIO DA APRENDIZAGEM MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Machado David Carvalho , Costa Lucélida de Fátima Maia da
Published: December 2024

Neste artigo apresentamos um recorte de uma pesquisa de mestrado desenvolvida visando compreender as cerâmicas arqueológicas como um possível organizador prévio da aprendizagem matemática. Trata-se de uma pesquisa desenvolvida no município de Parintins, na comunidade rural Santa Rita de Cássia, especialmente na coleção de fragmentos arqueológicos da Escola Municipal Marcelino Henrique. Adotamos uma abordagem qualitativa e pressupostos fenomenológicos. Neste recorte, apresentamos as reflexões e os resultados obtidos por meio de observação sistemática e breve revisão bibliográfica. Nossa Busca concentrou-se na Revista de Rede Amazônica (REAMEC), Revista Matemática, Ensino e Cultura (REMATEC), Banco de Teses e Dissertações da Capes, Livros e Google acadêmico. Os resultados indicam que as cerâmicas arqueológicas podem ser um possível organizador prévio para aprendizagem matemática.
EDUCAÇÃO FINANCEIRA ESCOLAR PARA ALÉM DO VALOR MONETÁRIO
Authors: Sousa Ivan Bezerra de , Almeida José Joelson Pimentel de
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo objetiva contrapor a Educação Financeira Mercadológica a partir da Educação Financeira Crítica, apresentando propostas que articulam o universo multicontextual da educação financeira para além do valor monetário. Trata-se de um recorte da pesquisa de doutorado do primeiro autor, a qual se classifica como uma pesquisa qualitativa, que aconteceu por meio de uma rede de conversa intitulada Série Educação Financeira em Debate, que teve como principal foco a interação discursiva entre professores acerca da educação financeira e as implicações neoliberais em sua inserção nas unidades escolares. Para a análise dos dados utilizamos a Análise Crítica do Discurso, considerando o confronto ocorrido entre a Educação Financeira Crítica e a Educação Financeira Mercadológica feita pelos professores no decorrer dos três módulos da Série. Conclui-se que abordagens que envolvem a educação financeira para além do valor monetário exigem múltiplos olhares e ações dos docentes de todas as áreas do conhecimento.
Evaluation of the activity of energy and biosynthetic processes as a screening for the course of acute experimental pyelonephritis under the influence of pharmacological monitoring
Authors: Borisov S.O. , Kostev F.I. , Borisov K.O.
Published: December 2024

In the aspect of studying the prerequisites for the development of diabetic nephropathy, it seems appropriate to study in depth individual enzyme systems that are directly related to the respiratory chain of mitochondria, the implementation of endothelial functions, and biosynthetic processes. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) has key functions: it is an important coenzyme in the electron transfer reaction and a coenzyme for NAD-dependent enzymes. The role of NAD in electron transfer reactions is significant, since more than 400 enzymes require NAD and nicotine amide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), mainly to accept or donate electrons for redox reactions, that is, energy reactions in mitochondria and biosynthetic processes. The aim of the study was to study the role of pyridine nucleotides in the pathogenesis of acute pyelonephritis (AP) and concomitant diabetes mellitus in an experiment with the use of drug exposure. It has been established that the use of etiotropic-pathogenetic drug effect (EPDE) in comparison with   etiotropic drug effect (EDE) creates a pronounced normalizing effect on the level and ratio of the forms of the coenzyme system NAD / NADH and NADP / NADPH, contributing to a decrease in the level of the reduced form of NAD increased in AP and type I diabetes and an increase in the content of NADPH in the kidneys, as well as decrease in the level of NADP and NADPH in AP and type II diabetes by 17.9% and 36.3%, The results of experimental biochemical studies obtained by us convincingly prove the expediency of the clinical use of EPDE in order to increase the effectiveness of the corrective effect on pathological changes and prevent the complicated course of diabetic nephropathy.
Levels of quality of life in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer after organ-preserving treatment
Authors: Sakalo A.V. , Gatserelia Z. V. , Sakalo V. S.
Published: December 2024

The aim of the study was to analyze the quality of life of MIBC patients’ life after RC with orthotopic ileal neobladder, after partial cystectomy (PC) with adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) and after PC with adjuvant chemotherapy (CT). A retrospective analysis of 120 MIBC patients who were treated at the Kyiv city clinical oncological center which is the base of  SI “Institute of urology named after academic O.F. Vozianov” NAMS of Ukraine during the period from 2008 to 2019 was performed. The patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the intervention extent. The 1st one included patients after RC (42), group 2 consisted the patients after PC and adjuvant RT , group 3 consisted the patients after PC and adjuvant CT . The patients' quality of life has been assessed by three questionnaires – EORTC QLQ-C30, EORTC SHQ-C22, ICIQ-UI. The results of the study confirm better quality of life after PC with adjuvant CT, especially with regard to physical condition, patients' adaptation in society (social scale), financial toxicity, gastrointestinal tract functioning (according to symptoms of vomiting, nausea and diarrhea). Our study has confirmed that PC can provide adequate control of MIBC in the individual cases and showed that it offers patients a good chance of long-term bladder preservation providing satisfactory overall postoperative health and quality of life. A critical approach should be taken into consideration when choosing the most appropriate regimen for treatment of MIBC and considering between radical cystectomy or partial cystectomy. However, it is important to inform patients that organ-preserving treatment allows them to achieve a better quality of life, the treatment process may be longer than that after radical cystectomy.
Application of augmented anastomotic urethroplasty with buccal graft in treatment of decompensated posttraumatic urethral stricture of bulbar urethra (case report)
Authors: Kobirnichenko A.A. , Shevchuk O.V. , Bidula Y.O.
Published: December 2024

Introduction: treat­ment of decompensated urethral stricture is a challengeable issue of modern operative urology. Presented case of successful operative treatment of complex stricture of bulbous urethra with combination of anastomotic technique and augmentation by buccal graft. Case presentation: 54-years old male admitted to urology clinic of National Military Medical Clinical Center for the decompensated bulbous urethra stricture, previously repeatedly treated by internal optical urethrotomies and dilatations. During examination, almost complete obliteration of 4 cm segment of urethra was detected. Augmented anastomotic urethro­plasty with application of buccal graft as substitution material was performed. After excision of obliterated and adjacent fibrous parts of urethra, end to end anastomosis on the ventral semicircle of urethra was performed with subsequent augmentation of defect on the dorsal wall by oral mucosa patch fixed to cavernous bodies. No recurrence observed after 5 months of observation. Augmented anastomotic urethroplasty is useful for treatment of complex posttraumatic strictures of bulbous urethra. Practicing urologists should know indications to all reconstructive treatment options and avoid repeated ineffective attempts of dilatations.
Production of protein hydrolysate from overripe tempeh catalyzed by bromelain
Authors: Parhusip A.J.N. , Layadi J.P. , Nugroho R.D.T.
Published: December 2024

Solid-state fermentation is an important food processing technology, often utilized in the
food industry because of its production of secondary metabolites, amino acids, organic
acids, and enzymes. Prolonged solid-state fermentation of tempeh can increase the protein
and free amino acid content in it. By using bromelain, the production of overripe tempeh
protein hydrolysate (OTPH) as a food ingredient may be possible. Bromelain was
extracted from pineapple core and its’ optimum temperature and pH for its activity were
determined. OTPH is made from soybeans that were fermented for 2, 3, 4, and 5 days,
added with crude bromelain enzyme of 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25% (v/w), and incubated at the
optimum condition obtained from the preliminary stage. A longer fermentation time and
higher concentration of enzyme added resulted in significant increases in the protein
content (ranging from 45.96% to 50.87%), water-soluble amino acids content (ranging
from 14.55% to 39.86%), and total amino acid content with 0.25% crude bromelain
produced the highest total amino acid content amounting to 36682.002 mg/100 g. These
results showed the potential for the application of bromelain to produce protein
hydrolysate from overripe tempeh.
The New Zealand Association of Scientists Awards for 2024
Authors: Editors
Published: December 2024

The New Zeland Association of Scientists Awards for 2024 - Citations
Overview of Depression Level in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients in Geriatric Polyclinic in General Hospital
Authors: Fadilah Rakha Ariq , Yanto Arief , Mubin Mohammad Fatkhul , Rahayu Desi Ariyana
Published: December 2024

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent degenerative conditions among the elderly, significantly impacting both mental and physical health, including an elevated risk of depression. This study aims to assess the prevalence of depression distribution among patients with knee osteoarthritis attending the geriatric polyclinic at a Regional General Hospital in Indonesia. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed. Data were collected through medical record reviews and structured interviews. The findings revealed that 61.3% of patients experienced mild depression, 35.3% were categorized as having no depression, and 3.3% had moderate depression, with no cases of severe depression identified. The majority of patients were classified as older adults (aged 75–90 years, 60%) and predominantly female (78.7%). In conclusion, knee osteoarthritis is most commonly observed in the older age group and among females. Most patients present with mild depression, which tends to worsen with advancing age, influenced by chronic pain and functional limitations.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF CLINICAL EFFICACY OF VARIOUS ADHESIVE PROTOCOLS
Authors: A.I. Monakhova , E.I. Gladarevskaya , L.L. Lyamets , N.N. Usoltseva , N.A. Bunakova , A.I. Nikolaev
Published: December 2024

A comparative study of the effectiveness of the "basic adhesive protocol" and the "optimized adhesive protocol" was conducted in clinical conditions.
The quality of 320 composite restorations of teeth with the diagnosis of "K02.1 Dentin caries" was assessed: 157 restorations were made using the "basic adhesive protocol" (in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions), 163 restorations - using the "optimized adhesive protocol". Observation periods: 1-2 days, 7-14 days after treatment, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months.
Higher clinical efficacy of the “optimized adhesive protocol” was established.. The use of the "optimized adhesive protocol" allows to significantly reduce the probability of postoperative sensitivity on the 1-2 (p=0.0066) and 7-14 days after treatment (p=0.013), to achieve better marginal adhesion during long-term observation - after 18 months (p=0.014) and 24 months after treatment (p=0.0057). The tightness of the border of the composite restoration with tooth tissues according to vital staining data is statistically significantly higher when using the "optimized adhesive protocol": long-term observation after 18 months (p=0.002) and 24 months (p=0.0016) shows reliably significant differences between the "basic adhesive protocol" (according to the instructions) and the "optimized adhesive protocol". The absence of recurrent caries and pigmentation is also statistically significant in the comparison group. The "optimized adhesive protocol" is clinically more effective, which is confirmed by the data after 18 months (p=0.036) and 24 months (p=0.0092).
The use of the developed "optimized adhesive protocol" allows to extend the "service life" of composite dental restorations and reduce possible negative consequences that arise after aesthetic restoration of teeth with light-cured composite materials using modern adhesive technologies.
It should be emphasized that unjustified independent changes in the method of working with the adhesive and violation of the manufacturer's instructions with a high degree of probability can lead to deterioration in the quality of the adhesive bond of the composite with hard tooth tissues, adverse reactions from the pulp and failure of aesthetic restoration of the tooth as a whole.
STUDY OF ENERGY METABOLISM OF MALIGNANT CELLS: NEW HORIZONS FOR TARGETED THERAPY
Authors: I.V. Tyumin , L.Yu. Grivtsova , O.V. Tyumina
Published: December 2024

Metabolic reprogramming is one of the key mechanisms ensuring the growth and survival of malignant cells. The phenomenon of increased glycolysis under aerobic conditions, known as the Warburg effect, plays an important role in the energy metabolism of tumor cells. Systematic study of energy metabolism of various tumor cultures in vitro remains an urgent task, as it contributes to understanding the mechanisms of regulation of cancer cell metabolism and may lead to the discovery of new therapeutic targets. The aim of the study: to investigate the energy metabolism of malignant cell (oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis) by analyzing extracellular fluxes in an experimental model in vitro. Materials and methods: SeaHorse XFp automatic analyzer of extracellular fluxes was used to estimate the rate of oxygen uptake (OCR) and the rate of extracellular proton acidification (ECAR), characterizing the intensity of oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis, respectively. HeLa cell culture (cervical adenocarcinoma) and human embryonic skin fibroblast culture as a control were investigated. Mitochondrial stress tests with the addition of respiratory chain uncouplers were performed to analyze cellular respiration defects. RESULTS: Oxidative phosphorylation rate (OCR) and glycolysis (ECAR) were significantly reduced in HeLa cell culture compared with control fibroblast culture. In addition, HeLa cells showed a reduced response to the administration of mitochondrial inhibitors compared to the normal fibroblast response. Conclusion: the data obtained may indicate the existence of an additional mode of energy production in HeLa tumor cell culture that allows cells to maintain viability and increase tumor mass. Further study of the energy metabolism of tumor cells may open new opportunities for the search of molecular biotargets and development of targeted drug therapy.
DEVELOPMENT OF A PERSONALIZED TECHNIQUE FOR EARLY DIAGNOSIS AND PREDICTION OF VARIANTS OF THE COURSE OF HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY BASED ON THE ANALYSIS OF MICRORNAS-21, 29A, 133A
Authors: E.I. Tashina , V.Yu. Kaplunova , G.A. Shakaryants , A.V. Vysokykh , E.V. Privalova , Yu.N. Belenkov
Published: December 2024

For many years, cardiovascular diseases have occupied and continue to occupy leading positions due to mortality and disability of the adult working-age population. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common variant of cardiomyopathy, its prevalence among the general population worldwide is 0.2% (1 in 500 adults). The study of the disease has been taking place for quite a long time, the half-century history of studying the problem of HCMP reflects a significant evolution of knowledge in matters of etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical course and prognosis, variants of the course of the disease, however, there are still no methods of early diagnosis that could be used as a possible screening of this condition in the early stages and forecasting its more severe course. New methods could make it possible to diagnose this condition at an early stage and predict a possible course of its course, thereby preventing such a formidable complication as sudden cardiac death (SCD). At the moment, there is a prediction model (HCM Risk-SCD) for the risk of SCD, based on the results of instrumental research methods and anamnesis data of a particular patient, but this model is not perfect enough, and therefore it is gaining great popularity and the search for various biomarkers continues based on well-known scientific achievements in the field of genomics and transcriptomics. Perhaps in the near future, the study of the levels of certain microRNAs, which have already proven their affinity for the degree of myocardial hypertrophy, will become a new milestone in the study of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
The presentation and cultural characteristics of the Savurden dance form among the Mongolian people
Authors: Wang Lan
Published: December 2024

The Mongolian nationality dance includes the top bowl dance inherited from the Yuan Dynasty, including chopsticks dance, insect insect dance, Topxiu dance, duel, etc. Various kinds of dances have their own characteristics, and various dances express the strong emotions of the Mongolian people. This paper studies —— Surden, another Mongolian dance. In short, Savurden is a form of artistic expression that integrates song, music and dance, with profound research significance and rich cultural heritage. The article will take Mongolian Uygur dance as the starting point to explore the presentation and cultural characteristics of Mongolian Uygur dance form.
Synergy of investment, innovative and financial mechanisms in the development of resource provision of the tourism sector: theoretical and methodological approaches and practical aspects
Authors: Roik Oksana , Bublyk Lilia
Published: December 2024

The article examines the theoretical and methodological aspects of the synergy of investment, innovation and financial mechanisms in the development of resource provision of the tourism sector of Ukraine in wartime and in the post-war recovery period. The aim of the study is to provide a comprehensive theoretical and methodological substantiation and systematisation of these mechanisms for the effective restoration of tourism infrastructure and increase of the industry's competitiveness. The article applies the methods of analysis and synthesis to identify the key factors and instruments that influence the integration of investment and innovation into financial support mechanisms. The results underline the importance of an integrated approach that includes coordination of investment revenues, introduction of new technologies and effective management of financial resources to improve the state of the tourism sector. The practical value of the article lies in the provision of specific recommendations for public authorities, local administrations and private investors, which can help in the development and implementation of strategies for the restoration and development of tourist facilities, ensuring their competitiveness at the national level.
Tourism industry methodology: potential for business development and regulation in countries of the world
Authors: Tsviliy Sergiy
Published: December 2024

The article presents a substantiated methodology for the tourism industry, based on an analysis of the potential for business development and regulation in countries around the world. The functions of regulating the development potential of the tourism industry and the country's tourism business are presented in summary form. The regulatory aspects of the mechanism for stimulating entrepreneurial and investment activity are examined. The article presents models of regulation for business entities operating in the tourism industry. The "financing - regulation" matrix was constructed in the context of the interaction between the state and business entities in the tourism industry. A multifaceted methodology for the advancement of tourism enterprises on a global scale has been established. The paper proceeds to set out a series of strategic priorities for the development of the country's tourism business. Proposals regarding the potential for the development of the tourism business sector have been formulated.
Управління ризиками у банківській сфері
Authors: Petyk Lyubov , Kravchenko Bohdana
Published: December 2024

Управління ризиками є ключовою функцією в банківській сфері, оскільки банки постійно стикаються з різноманітними загрозами, що можуть вплинути на їх фінансову стабільність і репутацію. У статті на основі аналізу вітчизняної літератури виокремлено особливості та стан управління банківськими ризиками в сучасних умовах. Розглянуто сутність основних видів ризиків, з якими стикаються банки, зокрема кредитний ризик, ризик ліквідності, ринковий ризик, валютний ризик, операційно-технологічний ризик та інші. Детально описані методи управління кожним із цих ризиків, зокрема хеджування, диверсифікація, стрес-тестування та інші інструменти. Проаналізовано зміни у банківській системі України протягом останніх років, що відбулися під впливом економічно-політичних потрясінь. Оскільки стабільність банківської системи, яка є фундаментом економічного розвитку країни, залежить від здатності банків ефективно управляти ризиками та адаптуватися до нових викликів. Особлива увага приділена ролі управління ризиками у період війни, коли зростає рівень невизначеності та волатильності в економіці. Наведено статистичні дані щодо змін у кількості банків та їх капіталізації протягом 2014-2024 років. Підкреслено важливість постійного вдосконалення процесів управління ризиками для підтримання фінансової стабільності банківської системи України в умовах економічних викликів. Результати дослідження можуть бути корисними для банківських установ та регуляторів у процесі розробки та впровадження стратегій управління ризиками.
Фінансово-економічні механізми забезпечення реінтеграції ветеранів війни в Україні
Authors: Yehorycheva Svitlana
Published: December 2024

У статті розглядаються сучасні фінансово-економічні механізми забезпечення реінтеграції ветеранів в Україні, аналізується наявний досвід, виявляються проблеми щодо мобілізації та використання ресурсів. Звертається увага на особливу роль держави, а отже, і централізованих коштів, у реалізації програм реабілітації, адаптації та соціально-економічної інтеграції ветеранів. Наголошується на проблемах, що полягають у неефективному використанні коштів у зв’язку з відсутністю на державному рівні формалізованої державної ветеранської політики та стратегії реінтеграції. Узагальнюється практика грантової діяльності громадських організацій та виявляються проблеми, пов’язані з міжнародним гуманітарним фінансуванням. Підкреслюється важливе значення фінансування підтримки трудової та підприємницької активності ветеранів через освітні ініціативи, програми перекваліфікації та гранти на ведення власного бізнесу. Визначається роль фінансового сектора у підвищення фінансової грамотності та фінансової інклюзії ветеранів як невід’ємної складової процесу їхньої реінтеграції.
RESEARCH ON ISSUES OF INFORMATION SECURITY RISKS ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT IN THE SECURITY AND DEFENSE SECTOR AND FORMATION OF SECURITY LEVEL INDICATORS
Authors: Tkach Volodymyr , Shemendiuk Oleksandr , Cherednychenko Oleksiy
Published: December 2024

It is known that the management of the security and defense sector includes various resources — information, personnel (staff), planning, training, conducting combat operations (operations), logistics and operational support. A well-known factor in increasing their viability is the effective use of information systems. In connection with the emergence of new threats that are constantly changing and circulating in information systems, a problem arose regarding the assessment and management of information security risks in the security and defense sector and the issue of forming indicators of the level of information security. The article proposes: the concept of RME, the feasibility of its implementation, the definition of information security risk, the calculation of the expected value of the result of risky activities and what needs to be determined when managing information security risks, the methodology for managing information security risks, methods for assessing risks, both qualitative and quantitative, and the procedure for determining the expected amount of damage (loss) to military information, engineering measures for information protection and measures for the level of qualification and reliability of personnel and their assessment. It should be noted that the above tasks can be achieved through the application of successful and effective risk management, clarification of the management bodies of the procedure for assessing information security, responsibilities for determining and applying the process of processing information security risks. It is assumed that the proposed studies on the assessment and management of information security risks, the formation of the level of information security, will allow determining the most appropriate approach to assessing the information protection system, which can be taken into account in practical work. The implementation of the planned approach will significantly improve the process of assessing information security risks, compare different harms and probabilities, form indicators and criteria for the level of information security and, as a result, can become the basis for assessing and managing risks and forming indicators for the level of information security.
QUANTITATIVE METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING CYBERSECURITY RISKS IN THE ABSENCE OF FINANCIAL DATA ON LOSSES
Authors: Baidur Oleksii
Published: December 2024

The article addresses the pressing issue of cybersecurity risk assessment in military information and communication systems (ICS) during aggressive warfare, where it is impossible to assess potential losses in monetary terms, and considering the specifics of hybrid threats. The introduction discusses the relevance of the problem and emphasizes the need for a proactive cyber defense strategy and timely risk assessment, especially in the context of the active use of cyberweapons by the adversary. Particular attention is given to the impossibility of assessing potential losses from cyberattacks in monetary terms, which necessitates new approaches to risk assessment. The section “Specifics of Cybersecurity Risk Assessment in the ICS of the Armed Forces of Ukraine” analyzes existing standards and methodologies, such as the standards of the DSTU ISO/IEC 27000 group, as well as current cybersecurity risk assessment methodologies, and reveals the limitations of their application in wartime conditions. The section emphasizes the importance of automating the risk assessment process to ensure a rapid response to cyber threats. The advantages of quantitative risk assessment models over qualitative ones are considered, especially in the context of military information and communication systems. The following sections examine in detail the key risk assessment processes according to DSTU ISO/IEC 27005:2023 and in accordance with current methodologies. A comparative analysis of the OCTAVE, NIST, COBIT, TARA, and FAIR methodologies is conducted from the perspective of their suitability for the needs of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The advantages and disadvantages of each methodology are discussed, and the necessity of developing a new methodology based on OpenFAIR (an open version of the FAIR methodology), adapted to the specifics of military ICS and the realities of hybrid warfare, is substantiated. The research results are presented in the form of an activity diagram for a cybersecurity risk assessment algorithm in military information and communication systems, along with a detailed description of these steps, emphasizing the differences from the OpenFAIR methodology. The “Conclusions” section summarizes the work done and formulates proposals for further research.
METHODOLOGY FOR INVESTIGATING INFORMATION SECURITY INCIDENTS
Authors: Tsyrkaniuk Diana , Sokolov Volodymyr
Published: December 2024

The development and implementation of a comprehensive information security strategy during times of war are critical tasks for ensuring national security and protecting vital resources and information. The article analyzes various types of incidents in the field of information security, their mitigation, and recovery methods. It demonstrates the mechanics of investigating information security incidents at stages such as monitoring, indexing, data collection, mitigation, recovery, and closure. The publication presents a formalized description of an incident-handling plan in the form of a state machine, enabling the systematization and automation of the incident response process. Using examples of attacks targeting critical infrastructure, it illustrates the application of this mechanism and identifies measures aimed at enhancing the information security system, which can be employed to protect both governmental and commercial institutions and organizations. As a result, the recommended strategies for effectively countering cyberattacks and ensuring information security for organizations or nations include the implementation of monitoring tools and coordination with governmental and international response teams. It is also crucial to regularly train employees and develop mechanisms for collaboration with partners to achieve efficient protection against cyber threats. These measures contribute to strengthening cybersecurity and reducing potential damages. Future research may encompass the development of new threat detection algorithms, evaluating the effectiveness of information security measures for governmental and commercial institutions, implementing automated incident response systems, as well as studying the impact of war on critical infrastructure and international cooperation in this field, exploring opportunities for international cooperation and information exchange in the realm of information security during conflicts for the collective defense of national interests.
MOBILE DEVICE FORENSICS: COMPARISON OF MOBILE ENCRYPTION HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
Authors: Onyshchuk Oksana
Published: December 2024

Today, mobile devices have become indispensable tools in personal and professional spheres, which requires a high level of security for data storage and transmission. The article is devoted to a comparison of the Android and iOS platforms in the context of mobile communication encryption, as well as their use in digital forensics. The features of the architectures of these platforms, security mechanisms, Trusted Execution Environment in Android and Secure Enclave in iOS, and loading processes that affect data protection are considered. The key methods of detecting digital evidence and their effectiveness when working with open sources are analyzed. Conclusions are drawn on the advantages and disadvantages of each platform in terms of ensuring information security and forensic research. Special attention is paid to the methods of studying encrypted information, the use of AES-256 algorithms in GCM mode, as well as the capabilities of the platforms in storing and analyzing digital evidence. The study identifies the advantages and disadvantages of the data protection mechanisms of both platforms, focusing on the impact of their architecture on the effectiveness of forensic analysis. The solution of Secusmart GmbH is separately considered as an example of an integrated approach to ensuring mobile security. The study demonstrates that iOS is a more secure platform, but Android offers greater flexibility for researchers and developers. The encryption solutions offered by Secusmart GmbH confirm the importance of mobile security. Further research should have the prospect of creating innovative protection methods that take into account both the needs of users and the requirements of law enforcement agencies. It is recommended for Android to standardize security updates, and for iOS, it is key to develop protection mechanisms without degrading the user experience and the use of encryption solutions.