bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blood pressure modulation and cardiovascular protection by melatonin: potential mechanisms behind
Authors: Paulis Ľ , Šimko F
Published: October 2021

The production of the pineal hormone melatonin is synchronized with day-night cycle via multisynaptic pathway including suprachiasmatic nucleus linking several physiological functions to diurnal cycle. The recent data indicate that impaired melatonin production is involved in several cardiovascular pathologies including hypertension and ischemic heart disease. However, the mechanisms of melatonin effect on cardiovascular system are still not completely understood. The activation of melatonin receptors on endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells and antioxidant properties of melatonin could be responsible for the melatonin effects on vascular tone. However, the data from in vitro studies are controversial making the explanation of the melatonin effect on blood pressure in vivo difficult. In vivo, melatonin also attenuates sympathetic tone by direct activation of melatonin receptors, scavenging free radicals or increasing NO availability in the central nervous system. The central and peripheral antiadrenergic action of chronic melatonin treatment might eliminate the mechanisms counter-regulating decreased blood pressure, providing thus additional cardioprotective mechanism. The extraordinary antioxidant activity and antilipidemic effects of melatonin may enhance the modulation of blood pressure by melatonin and probably play the most important role in the amelioration of target organ damage by chronic melatonin treatment. Further investigation of these mechanisms should provide novel knowledge about pathophysiological mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases, additional explanation for their circadian and seasonal variability and potentially generate new impulses for the development of therapeutic arsenal.
Dual role of thyroid hormones in rat soleus muscle MyHC isoform expression
Authors: Vadászová-Soukup A , Soukup T
Published: October 2021

We have analyzed the influence of altered thyroid hormone levels on changes of MyHC protein isoforms and their mRNA transcripts in the soleus muscle of 2-, 4- and 7-month-old euthyroid (EU), hypothyroid (HY) and hyperthyroid (TH) female inbred Lewis strain rats (methimazole and T3 treatment started 3 to 4 weeks after birth). We have found that the content of the dominant MyHC 1 isoform gradually increased in the EU rats and that this increase was more progressive in the HY rats at all three stages. On the other hand, in the TH rats the content of MyHC 1 isoform was the highest in the 2-month-old rats and it decreased with an increasing length of T3 treatment. The content of the minor 2a MyHC isoform followed the opposite pattern. In contrast to the protein isoforms, the MyHC mRNA transcripts remained at similar levels. Nevertheless, in general, the MyHC 1 mRNA level was decreased and MyHC 2a transcript increased in the TH rats, while the opposite changes occurred in the HY rats. Our results thus suggest that in the rat soleus muscle, both increased and decreased levels of thyroid hormones speed up the formation of an adult slow phenotype which is demonstrated by the precocious appearance of the slow MyHC 1 isoform, but opposite to the hypothyroid status, a longer T3 application promotes the expression of the faster MyHC 2a isoform.
Strategies of Pragmatic Distance Employed in English Writing by Chinese College Students
Authors: Zhao Junqiang
Published: October 2021

The situation of English writing by Chinese college students is a matter difficult to handle, with some being good and some bad. The flexible processing of pragmatic distance in English writings between authors and readers to ensure effective pragmatic communication deserves too much thought. The appropriate use of strategies of pragmatic distance employed in English writings has a direct impact on writing performance. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze how to use relevance theory to interpret strategies of pragmatic distance employed in English writings, and to find out whether there is a certain relationship between the strategic use of pragmatic distance and gender, thus providing a reference for the research to improve English writing proficiency of Chinese college students.
Gwadar Port as an Economic Zone with Especial Reference to US and Indian Reservations on the Regional Part of South Asia
Authors: Chohan Dildar A. , Chandio Amir A.
Published: October 2021

China Pakistan Economic Corridor is a bunch of multiple projects embracing construction: railroad, airport, and pipeline to import and export Chinese goods at intra-regional and ultra-regional to the nth degree. Gwadar is the hub and centre of the Corridor. However, China is investing and reaping the harvest from Gwadar Corridor. India and the US claim Gwadar to be a Chinese military base as against India and a US military base at Diego Garcia on the Indian Ocean. The paper will thoroughly examine for proving with reviewed literature that Gwadar meant to generate revenue, to prosper economy of Balochistan resolves its Crisis. And triangular regional connectivity through the Central, Eastern, and Western part of Asia. It is far away from Indian rivalry, and we can’t disregard Gwadar as a security zone for Pakistan. The paper finds that India upholds and misconstrue Gwadar as a corridor passing Gilgit Baltistan [a disputed territory, India Claims] to Xinjiang. Furthermore, the paper suggests a triangle of cooperation and coordination between Pakistan, India, and China. And all the three countries in this triangle should reap immense benefits from resources, facilities, technologies, and technicalities.  The study concludes that US withdrawal from Afghanistan will instigate Pakistan and China to maintain communication, strengthen consultation, deepen cooperation, and support to cart off the challenges surfacing after U.S. withdrawal and the Taliban government.
Relationship Between Surface Dew Point Temperature and Satellite Based Total Water Vapor Content over North Indian Ocean
Authors: Chand C. Purna , Raob M. V. , Prasad K. V.S.R.
Published: October 2021

The dew point temperature is related to the total water vapor content available in the atmosphere column. In this study, Water Vapor Content (WVC) from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI) and Relative humidity from Research Moored Array for African-Asian-Australian Monsoon Analysis (RAMA) buoy data has been utilized to make a relationship between satellite measured WVC and Dew point temperature. This study focuses on the development of an algorithm to estimate the surface dew point temperature from satellite-based WVC. Regression coefficients are established using 9-years (2004-2012) data of Dew point Temperature computed from Relative humidity and satellite measured WVC. 1594 data points are observed weekly, mean monthly collocated data points are considered to examine the relationship between Dew point temperature and WVC.
Socio-Economic Policy Imperatives for Sustainable Food System in Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Touqeer , Saboor Abdul , Baig Irfan A. , Afzal Aneela
Published: October 2021

The deadly waves of COVID-19 have exposed especially the food and health systems around the world. The purpose of this research study is to analyze the linkages of socio-economic factors encroaching on sustainable food systems and ultimately food security. Moreover, the policy twist is required to contrive a holistic and integrated approach for the formulation and implementation of workable public policies to materialize the true dream of a sustainable food system. Multinomial Logistic Regression has been applied to estimate the results. The results reveal the story that the independent variables like subsidized fertilizer availability, seeds productivity performance, changing pattern of sowing, and adaptation to climate change have a high positive and statistically significant relation with crops productivity. Moreover, inputs price volatility and changing sowing patterns have a positive and statistically significant impact on adaptation to climate change. Climate change and the current application of research and development (R and D) showed a negative impact on production. These results bring forth two dimensional (Alpha and Beta) set of policies to rearrange formulation and implementation frameworks. The former emphasizes food baskets acquisition, investing a large amount in health and environment friendly activities. The latter focuses on risk-aversion based healthcare system, food price regulatory framework, and balancing the social-ecosystem.
Virial and Energy Dissipation in Measurement of Dynamic Acoustic Forces Using Bimodal-frequency Excitation of Micro-cantilever Array
Authors: Yilmaz Cagri , Topal Eyup Sabri
Published: October 2021

Virial and energy dissipation, related to oscillation observable responses, possess complementary information regarding acoustic force measurements. In this paper, we introduce a mathematical framework describing the analytic relationship between oscillation observables and energy quantities at the second eigenmode in the measurement of dynamic acoustic forces. We utilize a bimodal-frequency excitation scheme for actuation of the micro-cantilever array to obtain high-sensitivity frequency bands. Herein, we analyze the virials of acoustic force interaction and the energy dissipation levels on the domain of acoustic force frequency. For our case, we obtain the high-frequency bands of around 200-270 kHz and 440-570 kHz for the force strengths in the range of 4.0-36.0 pN. In addition, results of virials and dissipated power with respect to acoustic force strengths are introduced for low- and high-sensitivity frequency regions. Therefore, the energy quantities can be robustly utilized to determine high-sensitivity frequency windows in the measurement of dynamic acoustic forces.
Economy of households under conditions of pandemic instability
Authors: Fedyk Mariana
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the academic paper lies in assessing the state of income, expenditure and savings of households under conditions of pandemic instability. The research methodology is based on the statistical analysis of data on income, resources and savings of households in Ukraine for 2010-2020. The scientific novelty involves identifying the positive and negative effects of the pandemic on the household economy. Conclusions. The positive and negative effects of the impact of spreading the pandemic on the household economy have been revealed in the research, and as a result, the decline in economic activity and the growth of unemployment in Ukraine. It has been determined that in the period of 2020 pandemic, costs decreased by 2% and resources increased by 3%. In 2020, the share of expenditures on food and non-alcoholic beverages increased from 46,6% to 48,1% in 2019, and on non-food goods and services - decreased from 41,5% to 39,8%. The population with per capita equivalent total income per month, below the actual subsistence level, was 8,9 million people in 2019 (23,1%), in 2020 – 8,8 million people (23,2%). Despite experts’ assessments of the likely increase in poverty as a result of COVID-19 spreading under two scenarios (according to the absolute criterion, it will increase from 27,2 to 43,6%; according to an absolute criterion, it will increase from 27,2 to 50,8%). It can be noted that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the poorest sections of the population with low incomes. It has been determined that in the context of social-economic impact of COVID-19, families who find it more difficult to diversify their own incomes are the most vulnerable ones. The following categories have been most affected by the pandemic (they will have had the largest increase in poverty compared to the baseline scenario), namely: households with three or more children; single parents with children; households with children under three; single retirees over 65 years.Along with this, thanks to the monetary policy that has ensured a stable level of inflation and return on deposits, the share of household deposits has increased the most in the last ten years to 27%. However, it is worth noting that quarantine and the COVID-19 pandemic have led to a trend towards a partial flow of population resources from time deposits to card and savings accounts. After all, citizens sought to have free money in case of unforeseen expenses due to the uncertainty of the future development of events.
Key words: households, income, resources, consumer expenditures, economic crisis, pandemic instability, quarantine restrictions.
Retrospective analysis of foreign investment in the context of the evolution of economic theories
Authors: Orshanska Maryana
Published: October 2021

The article provides a retrospective analysis of the formation and evolution of foreign direct investment in terms of various economic theories taking into account changes in the stages of socio-economic development. The study of these historical and economic issues was carried out using systematic analysis and historical method; which allowed us to identify the genesis and analyze the evolution of economic theories on the formation and development of foreign direct investment. The author conducted a detailed study of the history of investment activities and management of foreign direct investment from the oldest origins in the ancient world to modern forms of innovation. It was found that at different times, repre- sentatives of various economic theories (open economy, market modernization, monopolistic competition, international capital movements, etc.) worked on under- standing complex investment processes, risk management and methods of obtaining economic benefits, who considered foreign direct investment as a guaranteed im-
provement and development of society.
The analysis of scientific literature and statistics shows positive social, po- litical, economic, technological and other effects of investment activities: job creation and training, export diversification and improvement of export perfor- mance, introduction of science-intensive technologies, activation of local firms – suppliers and subcontractors, the introduction of effective management methods, foreign exchange inflows, etc.
Analyzing the genesis of economic theories, opinions and research, we conclude that humanity, feeling the need for savings, pays considerable attention to investment. The stages of the investment economy and the choice of methods of control over them indicate the urgency of this problem, and today scientists continue to discover new aspects of investment opportunities and develop innovative forms, mechanisms, tools of investment policy.
Key words: economic theories, foreign direct investment, investment activity, international capital movement.
Scientific interpretation of the paradigm sustainable development of Ukraine
Authors: Shmorgun Leonid , Borzunov Valery
Published: October 2021

Purpose of the article – study of the main directions of sustainable development of Ukraine in order to ensure the country’s competitiveness in the context of the formation of new technological structures («Industry 4.0, 5.0») and a new world order («Globalization 1.0, 2.0»).
The relevance of the topic lies in the need to find ways to get Ukraine out of the systemic crisis and to shape the image of the future in the context of globalization and technological revolution.
The scientific novelty article consists in studying the principles of sustainable development for compliance with the general laws of the universe and the laws of dialectics and scientific substantiation of compliance with the principles of building a society of the future recognized by the world community, in determining models for sustainable development of Ukraine and the principles of designing the economy of the future.
Conclusion. For all years of independence, Ukraine has turned from an industrially developed country into a backward and poorest country in Europe with an economy of lagging growth, with the status of a «buffer zone» of geopolitical conflict on its territory and external control. To maintain sovereignty, ensure the country’s competitiveness in the transition and new technological structures and the quality of life of the population, at least at the level of the average for the EU countries, Ukraine needs to change course, develop and implement the Strategy of man-centered, multi-spiral, sustainable development.
Key words: analysis, sustainable development, multiple spiral development, sustainable development models, growth points, strategizing.
Personnel policy as a basis formation of innovation strategy in the organization management system
Authors: Vorobyova Nataliia , Poznyakova Тetiana
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the article research of theoretical bases of personnel policy as bases of formation of innovative strategy in system of management of the organization, logical structuring of concept «personnel policy» and identification of personnel policy in modern practice of management of the organization.
The research methodology consists in the use of analytical, logical, systematic methods, as well as a system-activity approach.
The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the comprehensive study of this issue and finding new methods of activating personnel policy in the management system of the organization.
Conclusions. The main purpose of personnel policy should be the formation and optimal use of personnel to achieve the goals of the enterprise. As a component of the strategic goals of the organization, it should be focused on the specific results and prospects of the organization, whose effective activity directly depends on knowledge, competence, qualifications, discipline, motivation, ability to solve problems, desire to constantly improve their skills and skills of all staff. That is why personnel policy is an important component in the management system of the organization, the ultimate goal of which is to create a cohesive, responsible, highly productive team capable of performing tasks in conditions of uncertainty and risk.
Key words: personnel policy, management of the organization, strategy, staff, motivation, goals of the organization.
Investigation of the neuroprotective effect of kefir in experimental spinal cord injury
Authors: YURTAL Ziya , KUTLU Tuncer , ALTUĞ Muhammed , ÖZSOY Bülent , ALAKUŞ Halil , ÖZSOY Şule Yurdagül
Published: October 2021

In this study, the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects of kefir were investigated in spinal cord injury that was experimentally created on rats with a compression trauma model. A total of 56 Wistar-Albino male rats were used in the study. Daily freshly prepared 18 ml/kg/day of kefir was given by oral gavage to animals 7 days before and during the trauma and during the trauma. Spinal cord injury was created according to the weight drop method. On the 1st and 7th days before euthanasia, intracardiac blood was collected for analysis, and then they were sacrificed. The damaged spinal cord segments were examined biochemically, immunohistochemically, and histopathologically. When compared to the sham groups, kefir had a positive effect in the preconditioning and treatment groups by decreasing spinal cord bleeding, edema, myelin sheath damage, liquefactive necrosis, neuronal necrosis, selectivity of canalis centralis, and gitter cell levels significantly. When compared to the sham groups, kefir was found to have a positive effect in the treatment groups by decreasing the neuron specific enolase (NSE), ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA-1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (INOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and myelin basic protein (MBP) levels significantly on the 1st and 7th days, and by increasing the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) level significantly. As a result, it was demonstrated that kefir had a protective and therapeutic effect on spinal cord injury.
noção da doença na tradição religiosa grega, egípcia antiga e na cultura sererê sine contemporânea
Authors: Diouf Pierre Mbid Hamoudi
Published: October 2021

Nesse artigo se encontra enunciado o princípio de continuidade e de entrecruzamento de civilizações no que tange às questões médicas e da saúde. De fato, face à doença, nascem, com frequência, intenções e teorias de princípios relativos às leis naturais ou sobrenaturais. Na etiologia como na medicação, o pensamento médico racional deixa, por vezes, espaço não apenas às interpretações irracionais sobre a noção de “doença”, bastante disseminadas nas crenças populares, mas igualmente às práticas terapêuticas mágico-religiosas. A Grécia Antiga, o Egito Antigo e o Sine[1] atual não foram poupados desse processo, pois nessas civilizações se observa de maneira notória a presença de uma mentalidade popular que proclama com convicção o caráter sagrado, divino ou até mesmo demoníaco da doença. A intervenção das divindades na origem ou o tratamento da doença, o uso da magia na medicina e a necessidade de aplicar outros tratamentos que revelem o oculto constituíram, em grande parte, o pensamento religioso grego e egípcio antigos e constituem, ainda em nossos dias, as características do pensamento entre certos povos da África.

 

[1] Região localizada ao longo da costa do delta de Saloum no Senegal, ao norte da Gâmbia e ao sul da Petite Côte, onde a maioria da população é sererê.
Querelas sobre termos e métodos entre médicos empíricos e médicos dogmáticos
Authors: Dia Mayoro
Published: October 2021

Este artigo busca estudar as querelas sobre os termos que opõem os médicos empíricos aos dogmáticos nos escritos de Galeno de Pérgamo. Essas querelas evoluem para o método a ser utilizado para tratar doenças entre os médicos empíricos e dogmáticos. Trata-se também de estudar estas mesmas querelas na filosofia, entre os céticos e os dogmáticos, nos escritos de Sexto Empírico.
AHP-TOPSIS Bütünleşik Yaklaşımıyla Deprem Riski Tabanlı İstanbul İli Kentsel Dönüşüm Öncelik Sıralaması
Authors: DİŞKAYA Furkan , EMİR Şenol
Published: October 2021

Türkiye’ de yıllar içerisinde sosyo-ekonomik sebepler ile nüfusun büyük şehirlerde yoğunlaşması, beraberinde düzensiz, kalitesiz ve dayanıksız yapı stokunun hızlı artışı ve zaman içerisinde ekonomik ömrünü tamamlayan yapıların deprem riski nedeniyle yenilenmesi gereği, kentsel dönüşüm ihtiyacını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Özellikle deprem kuşağında yer alan İstanbul ili, nüfus yoğunluğu ve ülke ekonomisi açısından taşıdığı büyük önem sebebiyle öncelikli olarak kentsel dönüşüme gereksinim duymaktadır. Ancak son derece büyük çaplı ve yüksek maliyetlere sahip olan kentsel dönüşüm projelerinin, tüm şehir için ve eş zamanlı olarak başlatılabilmesi teknik ve ekonomik açıdan mümkün olmamaktadır. Bu durumda, yetkili kamu kurumları dönüşüme ihtiyaç duyulan ilçe ve mahallelerin deprem riski sıralamasına uygun biçimde, en acil olan mahalleden başlayacak şekilde dönüşüm planlaması yapmaktadırlar. Bu öncelik sıralaması için kullanılacak verinin doğruluğu ve değerlendirme yönteminin etkinliği analiz sonuçlarının güvenilirliği açısından son derece önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, İstanbul ili sınırlarında yer alan ilçe ve mahallelerin deprem riski baz alınarak kentsel dönüşüm önceliklerinin belirlenmesi için çok kriterli karar alma yöntemleri olan AHP ve TOPSIS metotlarının bütünleşik bir yaklaşımı kullanılmıştır. Burada temel amaç, ilçe ve mahalle bazında deprem riski altındaki yerleşim birimlerinin kentsel dönüşüm önceliklerinin belirlenmesi sayesinde kamusal ve özel projelerin planlanmasına katkı sağlamaktır.
PREVALENCIA Y FACTORES ASOCIADOS A VIOLENCIA EN GESTANTES DEL CENTRO DE SALUD LA PALMA ICA,2019
Authors: ESCALANTE JUDITH
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia y factores asociados de violencia en mujeres gestantes del Centro de Salud La Palma Ica, 2019. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, no experimental de corte transversal. La muestra fue de 201 gestantes, la técnica de recolección de información es la encuesta. Resultados: la prevalencia de violencia en gestantes fue de 30%. Según la edad, existe mayor prevalencia a los 19-25 años con 43.9%, el estado civil es mayor en gestantes convivientes con un 34.2%; el nivel educativo en su mayoría con estudios secundarios de 41.1%; 50.6% con dos o más hijos; el consumo de alcohol por su pareja era seguido con un 90.5% y en la ocupación existe un 35.2% que son amas de casa. Los tipos de violencia con mayor frecuencia es la psicológica con un 100%. Las practicas asumidas ante violencia en las gestantes, fue que el 85.2% no buscaron ayuda, el 8.2% hablaron con alguien sobre los hechos y sólo un 3.3% denunciaron los hechos. Las consecuencias de la violencia en mujeres gestantes; necesitaron atención médica 3.3%; necesitaron atención psicológica 18% y necesitaron ambas atenciones 1.6%. Finalmente, se concluye que la prevalencia de violencia en gestantes fue del 30%.
Mapping of ecosystem services in the Kolkheti National park (Georgia) based on their ecological-economic assessment
Authors: Kozlov Sergey , Krasovskaya Tatiana , Gordeziani Tengiz , Maglakelidze Robert
Published: October 2021

The research area—the Kolkhety National park (Georgia)—is situated in the western part of the Kholhida lowland and includes coastal waters of the Black Sea. It was established in 1998, but its economic value was not assessed. The purpose of the work was to identify the ecosystem services of the park’s geosystems, to carry out an ecological-economic assessment of part of the ecosystem services, and to create map of ecological-economic assessment, which is necessary for its nature management regulation, including its buffer zones, as well as nature conservation and recreation activities.

Using our field data and thematic publications we compiled a map, presenting 4 large areas of ecosystems: the Kolkhida woodlands, wetlands, the lake Paleostomi, the Black Sea water area. 25 ecosystem services were identified within them. The following were among them: resource ecosystem services—provision of feed for cattle, commercial products of water bodies, etc.; regulating—creation of the coastal line, wetlands water filtration, etc.; supporting—carbon deposition by terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems; information—recreation services. Information data base was compiled for several of them and used for assessments based on the widely used international methods.

The assessment result of only seven ecosystem services demonstrated their cost—10.5 mln dollars annually. The results of ecological-economic assessments were used for compiling of an ecological-economic map presenting spatial distribution of different ecosystems services costs. The results may be used for the Georgian coastal area territorial planning and demonstrate the economic value of nature protected lands.
Development of an educational concept for geospatial industry within the core digital economy technologies
Authors: Poshivaylo Yaroslava , Kolesnikov Alexey
Published: October 2021

The article describes the difficulties of training personnel for a dynamically developing geospatial industry (geoindustry). The authors analyzed the current state of the geoindustry based on scientific publications, industry reports, opinions of workers and industry leaders, highlighted its key technological elements, such as geographic information systems, remote sensing of the Earth, including laser scanning technologies and survey from UAVs, GNSS- and BIM technologies, sensor systems. It is noted that technological changes entail the transformation of the classical sections of cartography, which include thematic mapping. Consequently, it is necessary to improve the scientific and methodological foundations for a number of sections of cartography and to update the strategy of educational activities in the field of cartography and geoinformatics. New elements in the work of a specialist in the field of cartography and geoinformatics, associated with the use of geosciences, functions of geostatistics, artificial intelligence technologies, which appeared as a result of a significant increase in the volume and variety of available spatial and nonspatial data are highlighted.

Based on the analysis of the ongoing technological changes, tasks that must be solved by specialists in the geospatial industry are formulated, a conclusion about the need for educational programs to correspond to the technological level of the geoindustry is drawn.

The concept of education for the geospatial industry is proposed, which includes the development of professional standards, as well as bachelor and master programs. The experience of participation in the development of the professional standard “Specialist in cartography and geoinformatics” is presented. The elements of the developed educational programs for bachelor degree 05.03.03 “Cartography and geoinformatics” and master’s degree 05.04.03 “Cartography and geoinformatics” are presented, a list of professional competencies and logical structure of blocks of disciplines are presented.
Geoinformation analysis of variability state of the natural environment after eruption of the Chikurachki volcano by remote sensing data
Authors: Verkhoturov Alexey , Melkiy Vyacheslav
Published: October 2021

Explosive volcanic eruptions pose certain danger for natural environment, transport communications and other objects of human economic activity due to the fact that during such eruptions, up to several cubic kilometers of volcanic ash and aerosols can enter to atmosphere in long time. The research of extent of the impact of volcanic eruptions on surrounding area and the determination of their consequences contributes to reasonable assessment of volcanic hazard and possible risks in time conduct of economic activities and ensuring for safe location of settlements, enterprises, sea way and air lines. Chikurachki volcano is one from most active on territory of the Kuril Island Arc. In articles of volcanologists is information about eruptions in 1853–1859, 1958, 1961, 1964, 1973, 1986, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2015, 2016. The vegetation index (NDVI) used as means of assessing state of the natural environment. The boundary dividing areas with disturbed and healthy vegetation cover taken along isoline with NDVI value of 0.4. Schematic maps of the dynamics of boundary isolines according for the vegetation index from 1972 to 2020 has been compiled. The dynamics of vegetation cover in the north-eastern, south-eastern and southern sectors relative to Chikurachki volcano is revealed. The north-eastern sector experienced strong negative impact of eruption of the Chikurachki volcano in 1853, at later (2007 and 2015) only ash falls were observed in this direction. The vegetation cover outside the isoline NDVI = 0.4 has almost completely recovered to 2020. The south-eastern sector damaged during eruption of 1986, and was also subject for periodic tephra precipitation and ash falls during 2002–2016. Vegetation was completely destroyed at distance of 9 km from the crater of the volcano, and also valley forests on Tukharka River were destroyed. In southern sector in upper part of the Vernadsky Ridge, harsh growing conditions do not allow vegetation to recover for decades. At the same time, on eastern and western slopes of the ridge, after eruptions with deposition of tephra by layer of small thickness, alder elfin restoration few years. The results of the recearch can be used in forecasting volcanic hazards and rapid assessment of impact on natural environment of territories adjacent to volcanoes of this type as a result of volcanic eruptions.
Lidar virtual models for seismic exploration
Authors: Rylskiу Ilya
Published: October 2021

Seismic exploration is important for development of new fields and the resumption of production at old areas of oil production. These works involve studying of underground geological structures using seismic profiling and seismotomography methods. In fact, detailed information about the territory is necessary for almost every participant in the process—to find the optimal routes for movement on terrain, to optimize the volume of forest felling on profiles, for georeferencing and checking coordinate measurements at points, etc. The availability of spatial data is also important for increasing the level of safety and trouble-free operation during work.

One of possible solutions is to perform field surveys using aerial photography and airborne laser scanning, followed creation of virtual models based on them with instrumentation adapted to the specifics of these works.

Modern GIS, with all their development, has number of disadvantages. It is difficult to use GIS by non-specialists; full-featured GIS are expensive, and free solutions has limited analysis functionality and can’t make good 3D visualizations, it is difficult to protect spatial information from unauthorized copying. These problems can be solved without using classic GIS packages. Instead, it is proposed to use virtual environments closed from editing and access to the original data.

Test area of 69 km2 in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug was selected for testing virtual modeling technologies. LIDAR and aerial photography datasets were obtained, and subsequent processing of the resulting was done, forming highly-detailed virtual environment. The article discusses the main features and functionality of this model.
Maping of faults on territory of the North Sakhalin plain by remote sensing data
Authors: Kuptsova Olesya , Verkhoturov Alexey , Melkiy Vyacheslav
Published: October 2021

The article presents the results of the research of the fault zones of earth’s crust within the North Sakhalin plain using the lineament analysis of the SRTM model. The faults be identified in order to increase the information content of the maps of geological content. SRTM data was used as input. The analysis performed using the functionality of the LEFA software package. The use of SRTM data made it possible to assess disjunctive disorders in territory of the north of Sakhalin Island. The images of surface were analyzed using the binary-morphological erosion operation or using Canny mathematical algorithms with further digital processing by means of Hough Transform. The paper reveals the position of linear elements in different parts of the North Sakhalin plain. Excellent test of the quality of performed definitions was the results of earlier studies of the eastern part of the North Sakhalin Plain, which were carried out in connection with the development of hydrocarbon deposits and after the strong Neftegorsk earthquake. The data obtained served as the basis for drawing up a map of disjunctive disturbances of Sakhalin Island at scale of 1:500,000. Depending from scale, spatial resolution, and level of generalization of image, disjunctive disturbances of different lengths (transregional, regional, sub-regional, local) and ranks (1 rank from a few to hundred meters, 2 rank from a hundred meters to a kilometer, 3 rank from 1 km to 35 km, 4 rank from 35 to 100 km, 5 rank more than 100 km). The analysis of the SRTM model with the help of the LEFA toolkit allowed us to identify the zones where the earth’s crust fractures are located. The analysis of the SRTM model with the help of the LEFA toolkit allowed us to identify the zones where the earth’s crust fractures are located. As aresult of the analysis, the West Sakhalin, Central Sakhalin, Hokkaido-Sakhalin (Upper Piltun segment), Piltun, Garomai, Val-Langri, Gyrgylany-Daginsky, South Baikal, Udyl and many other faults of less than rank 2 were identified. The main results of the work will be useful in choosing places for the construction of economic and industrial facilities, as well as in the search and exploration of mineral deposits.
Beach ridges detection on the Dolgaya Spit based on remote sensing data
Authors: Kulygin Valerii , Misirov Samir
Published: October 2021

The study of the ridge systems’ morphology on accumulative coastal land forms makes it possible to reconstruct their development. The spatial orientation and height of the beach ridges provide information on the predominance of certain processes at different time intervals. The Dolgaya Spit, which is one of the largest accumulative forms of the Sea of Azov, is characterized by the presence of well-distinguishable generation of sand-shell ridges. The article discusses the possibility of using various remote sensing data to identify beach ridges on the Dolgaya Spit.

In this study the data of ground measurements of elevation points performed during the expedition in the summer of 2020 are used. The statistical characteristics of the ridges on the investigated area of the spit are given. The analysis of the possibility of identifying beach ridges on the spit based on high-resolution satellite optical images has been done. It was concluded that it is impossible to unambiguously determine the ridges, since the optical characteristics of the soil and vegetation cover on the Dolgaya Spit do not allow separation of the microrelief forms.

The second source of remote sensing data was aerial photography of a part of the Dolgaya Spit using the unmanned aerial vehicle “Phantom 3 PRO”, followed by photogrammetric processing of the obtained digital images. The stages of processing the survey results for the construction of a digital elevation model and an orthomosaic of the investigated area are considered. The quality of the obtained digital elevation model was assessed by comparison with ground measurements of elevation points. The article discusses the source of errors in the obtained digital elevation model. It is noted that the construction of a digital elevation model with acceptable quality is possible only for the spit’s regions with sparse vegetation cover.
Monitoring of specially protected natural territories of forest-steppe landscapes of the Stavropol upland by means of remote sensing data
Authors: Shahbazyan Tigran
Published: October 2021

The article considers the methodology of monitoring specially protected natural areas using remote sensing data. The research materials are satellite images of the Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 satellites, obtained from the resource of the US Geological Survey. The key areas of the study were 3 specially protected areas located within the boundaries of the forest-steppe landscapes of the Stavropol upland, the reserves «Alexandrovskiy», «Russkiy Les», «Strizhament». The space survey materials were selected for the period 1991–2020, and the data from the summer seasons were used. The NDVI index is chosen as the method of processing the spectral channels of satellite imagery. To integrate long-term satellite imagery into a single raster image, the method of variance of the variation series for the NDVI index was used. The article describes an algorithm for processing satellite images, which allows us to identify the features of the dynamics of the vegetation state of the studied territory for the period 1991–2020. The bitmap image constructed by means of the variance of the NDVI index was classified by the quantile method, to translate numerical values into classes with qualitative characteristics. There were 4 classes of the territory according to the degree of dynamism of the vegetation state: “stable”, “slightly variable”, “moderately variable”, “highly variable”. The paper highlights the factors of landscape transformation, including natural and anthropogenic ones. In the course of the study, the determining influence of anthropogenic factors of transformation was noted. The greatest impact is on the reserve «Alexandrovskiy», the least on the reserve «Russkiy Les», in the reserve «Strizhament» the impact is expressed locally. The paper identifies the leading anthropogenic factors of vegetation transformation, based on their influence on vegetation.
Assessment of the potential of Russian it industry clusterization, 2005–2018
Authors: Pankratov Alexey , Musaev Rasul , Badina Svetlana
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of clustering possibility in Russian information technology industry (IT). The clustering potential concept and its significance in the framework of cluster policy measures modeling are considered. The article uses the example of the Russian IT industry to test the European Cluster Observatory model for clustering potential assessing. The main trends characterizing the change of the IT industry clustering potential in Russian regions were identified. The verification of the current cluster development priorities within the framework of the current state cluster policy was carried out. The regions of Russia that have a high potential for the new IT-cluster formation were identified. The directions for improving the methodological approach to assessing the clustering potential, taking into account the main factors of the information technology industry development, were proposed. The analysis helps to identify few important problems of the Russian IT industry development within the framework of the cluster development model, including a trend towards a decrease in indicators of the IT industry clustering potential for the most socially and economically developed Russian regions, an increase in the level of IT industry monopolization, and also an increase in the negative impact of barriers which preventing new companies from entering the Russian IT market.
Penerapan Strategi Pembelajaran Think Talk Write (TTW) Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Muatan Pelajaran Matematika Siswa Kelas VI Sekolah Dasar Negeri 4 Seraya Barat
Authors: Suada I Wayan
Published: October 2021

This research is motivated by the low learning of grade VI students of SDN 4 Seraya Barat in the content of mathematics lessons, this is thought to be caused by several factors, including: learning that is still theoretical so that students will easily feel bored and bored in receiving learning and in teacher learning more dominate the activity, so that it can eliminate students' enthusiasm for mathematics learning material. This classroom action research was carried out in two cycles with the aim of improving learning outcomes of mathematics lessons. The subjects of this study were 18th graders of SDN 4 Seraya Barat, consisting of 7 female students and 11 male students. Data were collected by learning outcomes tests. The collected data was then analyzed by qualitative descriptive statistics. The results showed that the application of the Think Talk Write (TTW) learning strategy in learning mathematics content could increase student learning outcomes, student learning outcomes in cycle I were 71.85 and student learning outcomes in cycle II were 84.07. Thus there was an increase of 12.22 from cycle I to cycle II.
Современные подходы к культивированию и автоанализу морфодинамики эмбрионов человека in vitro
Authors: Шурыгина О.В. , Немковский Г.Б. , Русаков Д.Ю. , Громенко Д.С. , Таксанц М.И. , Новикова Е.В. , Тугушев М.Т. , Василенко О.Ю. , Шипулин Н. А. , Кузнецов А.Б. , Беляков В.К.
Published: October 2021

Актуальность: В настоящее время крайне важно выявить предикторы развития компетентного эмбриона, которые определяют его имплантационный потенциал. Предикторы в данном случае – это прогностические параметры, оценка которых в совокупности и будет являться инструментом ранжирования и селекции эмбрионов человека.

Для стандартизации описания развития культивируемых in vitro эмбрионов человека нами введено понятие «Морфодинамический профиль эмбриона человека». Оно включает в себя совокупность выявленных нами морфокинетических состояний, расположенных на временной шкале в соответствии с моментом их регистрации. Все временные отсечки (точки) даются в хронологическом порядке относительно момента оплодотворения. Цель исследования – реализовать информационную систему с использованием технологий искусственного интеллекта, позволяющую производить автоматическое формирование морфодинамического профиля эмбриона человека на основании таймлапс-съёмки процесса культивирования эмбриона человека до стадии бластоцисты.

Материалы и методы: Сбор визуальной информации о доимплантационном развитии эмбрионов человека до стадии бластоцисты (0 – 6 сутки от инсеминации) производился с использованием инкубатора для лабораторий ЭКО «Эмбриовизор» с системой таймлапс (гиперлапс) видеофиксации (ООО «ВЕСТТРЭЙД ЛТД», Россия). Культивирование эмбрионов осуществляется индивидуально в специальных микролунках чашек WOW (Vitrolife, Швеция). Сбор, разметка и подготовка визуальной информации о культивируемых эмбрионах человека проведены в лаборатории вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий (ВРТ) Клинического госпиталя ИДК ЗАО «Медицинская компания ИДК» (группа компаний «Мать и дитя», Самара, Россия) и медицинском центре «Семья» (Уфа, Россия). Разметка морфодинамического профиля производилась с использованием программного обеспечения EmbryoVisor (специализированная версия). Графические данные и информация о разметке выгружены на кластер SberCloud. Свёрточная нейронная сеть для решения задачи мультиклассовой классификации реализована на суперкомпьютере Кристофари кластера SberCloud.

Результаты: На основании имеющейся базы данных нами разработана система формирования морфодинамического профиля эмбриона человека с учетом расстановки маркеров фиксируемых морфокинетических состояний. Заключение: Возможность фиксации основных морфодинамических событий и их оценка позволяют более комплексно подходить к оценке развивающихся эмбрионов, проводить их ранжирование, отбирая на перенос наиболее перспективный к имплантации эмбрион.
Дисморфизмы ооцитов в программах ВРТ: Обзор литературы
Authors: Карибаева Г.М. , Тевкин С.И. , Джусубалиева Т.М. , Шишиморова М.С.
Published: October 2021

Актуальность: Вспомогательные репродуктивные технологии (ВРТ) интенсивно развиваются и в последние десятилетия ​​приобретают все большее значение вследствие растущего количества бесплодных пар во всем мире. Основным объектом, используемым в процедурах ВРТ, являются ооциты человека. Следовательно, качество ооцитов может быть определяющим фактором основных ключевых показателей ВРТ.

Цель данного обзора: провести анализ литературы и результатов исследований в области ВРТ по изучению экстрацитоплазматических дисморфизмов ооцитов человека – морфологических изменений вне цитоплазматической структуры ооцитов, их влияния на оплодотворение, дробление, частоту имплантации, частоту клинической беременности, а также возможность их использования в качестве биомаркеров для прогнозирования качества эмбрионов, бластоцист и их дальнейшего имплантационного потенциала.

Материалы и Методы: Для написания данного обзора был осуществлен поиск отечественных и зарубежных публикаций в российских и международных системах поиска (PubMed, eLibrary) за 2000-2020 годы по ключевым словам «бесплодие», «ЭКО», «ооцит», «морфологическая оценка ооцитов», «дисморфизмы ооцитов», «вспомогательные репродуктивные технологии».

Результаты: В обзоре представлены данные литературы и анализ результатов исследований в области ВРТ, посвященных изучению морфологических особенностей и аномалий (дисморфизмов) ооцитов человека. Описаны виды экстрацитоплазматических аномалий ооцитов, встречающихся в клинической практике экстракорпорального оплодотворения, их влияние на оплодотворение, дробление, частоту имплантации, частоту клинической беременности, а также возможность их использования в качестве биомаркеров с целью прогнозирования качества эмбрионов и бластоцист, их дальнейшего имплантационного потенциала.

Выводы: При проведении программ ВРТ качество ооцитов должно оцениваться в комплексе и включать в себя оценку полученных ОКК на ТВП, оценку наличия дисморфизмов в ооцитах при проведении оплодотворения, оценки эмбрионов в процессе дробления, качество получаемых бластоцист, анализ показателей частоты имплантации, частоты клинической беременности и живорождения в сочетании с рядом других современных методов исследования.