bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A SPECULATIVE STUDY ON NEGATIVE-DIMENSIONAL POTENTIAL AND WAVE PROBLEMS BY IMPLICIT CALCULUS MODELING APPROACH
Authors: CHEN WEN , WANG FAJIE
Published: October 2017

Based on the implicit calculus equation modeling approach, this paper proposes a speculative concept of the potential and wave operators on negative dimensionality. Unlike the standard partial differential equation (PDE) modeling, the implicit calculus modeling approach does not require the explicit expression of the PDE governing equation. Instead the fundamental solution of physical problem is used to implicitly define the differential operator and to implement simulation in conjunction with the appropriate boundary conditions. In this study, we conjecture an extension of the fundamental solution of the standard Laplace and Helmholtz equations to negative dimensionality. And then by using the singular boundary method, a recent boundary discretization technique, we investigate the potential and wave problems using the fundamental solution on negative dimensionality. Numerical experiments reveal that the physics behaviors on negative dimensionality may differ on positive dimensionality. This speculative study might open an unexplored territory in research.
Cigarette smoke activates CFTR through ROS-stimulated cAMP signaling in human bronchial epithelial cells
Authors: Wong Francis H. , AbuArish Asmahan , Matthes Elizabeth , Turner Mark J. , Greene Lana E. , Cloutier Alexandre , Robert Renaud , Thomas David Y. , Cosa Gonzalo , Cantin André M. , Hanrahan John W.
Published: October 2017

Air pollution stimulates airway epithelial secretion through a cholinergic reflex that is unaffected in cystic fibrosis (CF), yet a strong correlation is observed between passive smoke exposure in the home and impaired lung function in CF children. Our aim was to study the effects of low smoke concentrations on cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function in vitro. Cigarette smoke extract stimulated robust anion secretion that was transient, mediated by CFTR, and dependent on cAMP-dependent protein kinase activation. Secretion was initiated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mediated by at least two distinct pathways: autocrine activation of EP4 prostanoid receptors and stimulation of Ca2+ store-operated cAMP signaling. The response was absent in cells expressing the most common disease-causing mutant F508del-CFTR. In addition to the initial secretion, prolonged exposure of non-CF bronchial epithelial cells to low levels of smoke also caused a gradual decline in CFTR functional expression. F508del-CFTR channels that had been rescued by the CF drug combination VX-809 (lumacaftor) + VX-770 (ivacaftor) were more sensitive to this downregulation than wild-type CFTR. The results suggest that CFTR-mediated secretion during acute cigarette smoke exposure initially protects the airway epithelium while prolonged exposure reduces CFTR functional expression and reduces the efficacy of CF drugs.
Tubular maximum phosphate reabsorption capacity in living kidney donors is independently associated with one-year recipient GFR
Authors: van Londen Marco , Aarts Brigitte M. , Sanders Jan-Stephan F. , Hillebrands Jan-Luuk , Bakker Stephan J. L. , Navis Gerjan , de Borst Martin H.
Published: October 2017

The donor glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measured before kidney donation is a strong determinant of recipient graft outcome. No tubular function markers have been identified that can similarly be used in donors to predict recipient outcomes. In the present study we investigated whether the pre-donation tubular maximum reabsorption capacity of phosphate (TmP-GFR), which may be considered a functional tubular marker in healthy kidney donors, is associated with recipient GFR at 1 yr after transplantation, a key determinant of long-term outcome. We calculated the pre-donation TmP-GFR from serum and 24-h urine phosphate and creatinine levels in 165 kidney donors, and recipient125I-iothalamate GFR and eGFR (CKD-EPI) at 12 mo after transplantation. Kidney donors were 51 ± 10 yr old, 47% were men, and mean GFR was 118 ± 26 ml/min. The donor TmP-GFR was associated with recipient GFR 12 mo after transplantation (GFR 6.0 ml/min lower per 1 mg/dl decrement of TmP-GFR), which persisted after multivariable adjustment for donor age, sex, pre-donation GFR, and blood pressure and other potential confounders. Results were highly similar when eGFR at 12 mo was taken as the outcome. Tubular damage markers kidney injury molecule-1 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin were low and not associated with recipient GFR. A lower donor TmP-GFR before donation, which may be considered to represent a functional measure of tubular phosphate reabsorption capacity, is independently associated with a lower recipient GFR 1 yr after transplantation. These data are the first to link donor tubular phosphate reabsorption with recipient GFR post-transplantation.
Role of adaptor protein p66Shc in renal pathologies
Authors: Wright Kevin D. , Staruschenko Alexander , Sorokin Andrey
Published: October 2017

p66Shc is one of the three adaptor proteins encoded by the Shc1 gene, which are expressed in many organs, including the kidney. Recent studies shed new light on several key questions concerning the signaling mechanisms mediated by p66Shc. The central goal of this review article is to summarize recent findings on p66Shc and the role it plays in kidney physiology and pathology. This article provides a review of the various mechanisms whereby p66Shc has been shown to function within the kidney through a wide range of actions. The mitochondrial and cytoplasmic signaling of p66Shc, as it relates to production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and renal pathologies, is further discussed.
Role of bronchodilation and pattern of breathing in increasing tidal expiratory flow with progressive induced hypercapnia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Finucane Kevin E. , Singh Bhajan
Published: October 2017

Hypercapnia (HC) in vitro relaxes airway smooth muscle; in vivo, it increases respiratory effort, tidal expiratory flows (V̇exp), and, by decreasing inspiratory duration (Ti), increases elastic recoil pressure (Pel) via lung viscoelasticity; however, its effect on airway resistance is uncertain. We examined the contributions of bronchodilation, Ti, and expiratory effort to increasing V̇exp with progressive HC in 10 subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): mean forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) 53% predicted. Lung volumes (Vl), V̇exp, esophageal pressure (Pes), Ti, and end-tidal Pco2 ([Formula: see text]) were measured during six tidal breaths followed by an inspiratory capacity (IC), breathing air, and at three levels of HC. V̇exp and V̇ with submaximal forced vital capacities breathing air (V̇sFVC) were compared. Pulmonary resistance ( Rl) was measured from the Pes-V̇ relationship. V̇exp and Pes at end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) + 0.3 tidal volume [V̇(0.3Vt) and Pes(0.3Vt), respectively], Ti, and Rl correlated with [Formula: see text] ( P < 0.001 for all) and were independent of tiotropium. [Formula: see text], Ti, and Pes(0.3Vt) predicted the increasing V̇(0.3Vt)/V̇sFVC(0.3Vt) [multiple regression analysis (MRA): P = 0.001, 0.004, and 0.025, respectively]. At [Formula: see text] ≥ 50 Torr, V̇(0.3Vt)/V̇sFVC(0.3Vt) exceeded unity in 30 of 36 measurements and was predicted by [Formula: see text] and Pes(0.3Vt) (MRA: P = 0.02 and 0.025, respectively). Rl decreased at [Formula: see text] 45 Torr ( P < 0.05) and did not change with further HC. IC and Vl(0.3Vt) did not change with HC. We conclude that in COPD HC increases V̇exp due to bronchodilation, increased Pel secondary to decreasing Ti, and increased expiratory effort, all promoting lung emptying and a stable EELV.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY The response of airways to intrapulmonary hypercapnia (HC) is uncertain. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), progressive HC increases tidal expiratory flows by inducing bronchodilation and via an increased rate of inspiration and lung viscoelasticity, a probable increase in lung elastic recoil pressure, both changes increasing expiratory flows, promoting lung emptying and a stable end-expiratory volume. Bronchodilation with HC occurred despite optimal standard bronchodilator therapy, suggesting that in COPD further bronchodilation is possible.
Gamma Secretase Inhibition by BMS-906024 Enhances Efficacy of Paclitaxel in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Morgan Katherine M. , Fischer Bruce S. , Lee Francis Y. , Shah Jamie J. , Bertino Joseph R. , Rosenfeld Jeffrey , Singh Amartya , Khiabanian Hossein , Pine Sharon R.
Published: October 2017

Notch signaling is aberrantly activated in approximately one third of non–small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). We characterized the interaction between BMS-906024, a clinically relevant Notch gamma secretase inhibitor, and front-line chemotherapy in preclinical models of NSCLC. Chemosensitivity assays were performed on 14 human NSCLC cell lines. There was significantly greater synergy between BMS-906024 and paclitaxel than BMS-906024 and cisplatin [mean combination index (CI) value, 0.54 and 0.85, respectively, P = 0.01]. On an extended panel of 31 NSCLC cell lines, 25 of which were adenocarcinoma, the synergy between BMS-906024 and paclitaxel was significantly greater in KRAS- and BRAF-wildtype than KRAS- or BRAF-mutant cells (mean CI, 0.43 vs. 0.90, respectively; P = 0.003). Paclitaxel-induced Notch1 activation was associated with synergy between BMS-906024 and paclitaxel in the KRAS- or BRAF-mutant group. Knockdown of mutant KRAS increased the synergy between BMS-906024 and paclitaxel in heterozygous KRAS-mutant cell lines. Among KRAS- or BRAF-mutant NSCLC, there was a significant correlation between synergy and mutant or null TP53 status, as well as between synergy and a low H2O2 pathway signature. Exogenous overexpression of activated Notch1 or Notch3 had no effect on the enhanced sensitivity of NSCLC to paclitaxel by BMS-906024. In vivo studies with cell line– and patient-derived lung adenocarcinoma xenografts confirmed enhanced antitumor activity for BMS-906024 plus paclitaxel versus either drug alone via decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. These results show that BMS-906024 sensitizes NSCLC to paclitaxel and that wild-type KRAS and BRAF status may predict better patient response to the combination therapy. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(12); 2759–69. ©2017 AACR.
Pharmacological Dual Inhibition of Tumor and Tumor-Induced Functional Limitations in a Transgenic Model of Breast Cancer
Authors: Wang Ruizhong , Bhat-Nakshatri Poornima , Padua Maria B. , Prasad Mayuri S , Anjanappa Manjushree , Jacobson Max , Finnearty Courtney , Sefcsik Victoria , McElyea Kyle , Redmond Rachael , Sandusky George , Penthala Narsimha , Crooks Peter A , Liu Jianguo , Zimmers Teresa , Nakshatri Harikrishna
Published: October 2017

Breast cancer progression is associated with systemic effects, including functional limitations and sarcopenia without the appearance of overt cachexia. Autocrine/paracrine actions of cytokines/chemokines produced by cancer cells mediate cancer progression and functional limitations. The cytokine-inducible transcription factor NF-κB could be central to this process, as it displays oncogenic functions and is integral to the Pax7:MyoD:Pgc-1β:miR-486 myogenesis axis. We tested this possibility using the MMTV-PyMT transgenic mammary tumor model and the NF-κB inhibitor dimethylaminoparthenolide (DMAPT). We observed deteriorating physical and functional conditions in PyMT+ mice with disease progression. Compared with wild-type mice, tumor-bearing PyMT+ mice showed decreased fat mass, impaired rotarod performance, and reduced grip strength as well as increased extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in muscle. Contrary to acute cachexia models described in the literature, mammary tumor progression was associated with reduction in skeletal muscle stem/satellite-specific transcription factor Pax7. Additionally, we observed tumor-induced reduction in Pgc-1β in muscle, which controls mitochondrial biogenesis. DMAPT treatment starting at 6 to 8 weeks age prior to mammary tumor occurrence delayed mammary tumor onset and tumor growth rates without affecting metastasis. DMAPT overcame cancer-induced functional limitations and improved survival, which was accompanied with restoration of Pax7, Pgc-1β, and mitochondria levels and reduced ECM levels in skeletal muscles. In addition, DMAPT restored circulating levels of 6 out of 13 cancer-associated cytokines/chemokines changes to levels seen in healthy animals. These results reveal a pharmacological approach for overcoming cancer-induced functional limitations, and the above-noted cancer/drug-induced changes in muscle gene expression could be utilized as biomarkers of functional limitations. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(12); 2747–58. ©2017 AACR.
NRG Oncology/National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Decision-Making Project-1 Results: Decision Making in Breast Cancer Risk Reduction
Authors: Holmberg Christine , Bandos Hanna , Fagerlin Angela , Bevers Therese B. , Battaglia Tracy A. , Wickerham D. Lawrence , McCaskill-Stevens Worta J.
Published: October 2017

Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) reduce breast cancer risk. Adoption of SERMs as prevention medication remains low. This is the first study to quantify social, cultural, and psychologic factors driving decision making regarding SERM use in women counseled on breast cancer prevention options. A survey study was conducted with women counseled by a health care provider (HCP) about SERMs. A statistical comparison of responses was performed between those who decided to use and those who decided not to use SERMs. Independent factors associated with the decision were determined using logistic regression. Of 1,023 participants, 726 made a decision: 324 (44.6%) decided to take a SERM and 402 (55.4%) decided not to. The most important factor for deciding on SERM use was the HCP recommendation. Other characteristics associated with the decision included attitudes and perceptions regarding medication intake, breast cancer worry, trust in HCP, family members with blood clots, and others' experiences with SERMs. The odds of SERM intake when HCP recommended were higher for participants with a positive attitude toward taking medications than for those with a negative attitude (Pinteraction = 0.01). This study highlights the importance of social and cultural aspects for SERM decision making, most importantly personal beliefs and experiences. HCPs' recommendations play a statistically significant role in decision making and are more likely to be followed if in line with patients' attitudes. Results indicate the need for developing interventions for HCPs that not only focus on the presentation of medical information but, equally as important, on addressing patients' beliefs and experiences. Cancer Prev Res; 10(11); 625–34. ©2017 AACR.

See related editorial by Crew, p. 609
Improving Efficiency of Power Systems by Demand Side Management Method
Authors: Symon V.A. Tibbie Pon , Ragland I. Jacob
Published: October 2017

In the smart grid infrastructure based power systems, it is necessary to consider the demand side management to enhance the energy reduction and system control. In many countries the resources are very less so the available resources have to be used in an efficient manner without any loss. The total loss cannot be avoided but it can be reduced. In the proposed system, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique is used to distribute the power in the smart grid. Here, the grids are arranged in such a way that the losses in it are reduced. The load connected to the grid is rearranged according to their use. It uses a new and stochastic scheduling technique to handle the uncertainties in the power system. Solar and wind power are taken in account for twenty four hours and the values are given to the PSO algorithm. The   experiment was conducted by MATLAB and the results show that the efficiency level of wind and solar power systems was increased by an appreciable level. The proposed technique is compared with the normal system without using Demand Side Management (DSM) and it shows that the proposed system gives better results than the existing systems.
Nonlinear Compensation Empyoing Matrix Converter with DTC Controller
Authors: Gaied Khalaf S. , Salih Ziad H. , Ajel Ahmed R. , Marie Mehdi J.
Published: October 2017

This paper describes a nonlinear harmful speed and torque controller for fourth order induction motor model. The investigation of optimality and cost function for that base on estimation of Hammerstein-Wiener model with the compensated mathematical model. The matrix converter with direct torque control combination is efficient way to get better performance specifications in the industry.The MC and the DTC advantages are combined together.The reduction of complexity and cost of DC link in the DTC since it has no capacitors in the circuit. However, the controlling torque is a big problem it in DTC because of high ripple torque production which results in vibrations response in the operation of the IM as it has no PID to control the torque directly. The combination of MC with DTC is applied to reduce the fluctuation in the output torque and minimize the steady state error. This paper presents the simulation analysis of induction machine drives using Maltlab/Simulink toolbox R2012a. Design of constant switching frequency MCDTC drive,stability investigation and fault protection as well as controllability and observability with minimum steady state error has been carried out which  proved the effectiveness of the proposed technique.
An Accurate Scheme for Distance Measurement using an Ordinary Webcam
Authors: Zivarian Hossein , Doost Mohammadi Mohammad Hossein
Published: October 2017

Nowadays, image processing has become one of the widely used computer aided science. Two major branches of this scientific field are image enhancement and machine vision. Machine vision has many applications and demands in robotic and defense industries. Detecting distance of objects is one of the extensive research in the defense industry and robotic industries that a lot of annual projects have been involved in this issue both inside and outside the country. So, in this paper, an accurate algorithm is presented for measuring the distance of the objects from a camera. In this method, a laser transmitter is used alongside a regular webcam. The laser light is transmitted to the desired object and then the distance of the object is calculated using image processing methods and mathematical and geometric relations. The performance of the proposed algorithm was evaluated using MATLAB software. The accuracy rate of distance detection is up to 99.62%. The results also has shown that the presented algorithms make the obstacle distance measurement more reliable. Finally, the performance of the proposed algorithm was compared with other methods from different literatures.
Symmetric Key based Encryption and Decryption using Lissajous Curve Equations
Authors: B.J. Santhosh Kumar , Vijay Kruthika
Published: October 2017

Sender and receiver both uses two large similar prime numbers and uses parametric equations for swapping values of kx and by product of kx and ky is the common secret key. Generated secret key is used for encryption and decryption using ASCII key matrix of order 16X16. Applying playfair rules for encryption and decryption. Playfair is a digraph substitution cipher. Playfair makes use of pairs of letters for encryption and decryption. This application makes use of all ASCII characters which makes brute force attack impossible.
A Vertical Handover Algorithm in Integrated Macrocell Femtocell Networks
Authors: Deswal Suman , Singhrova Anita
Published: October 2017

The explosion in wireless telecommunication technologies has lead to a huge increase in the number of mobile users. The greater dependency on the mobile devices has raised the user’s expectations to always remain best connected. In the process, the user is always desiring good signal strength even at certain black spots and indoors. Moreover, the exponential growth of the number of mobile devices has overloaded macrocells. Femtocells have emerged out as a good promising solution for complete coverage indoors and for offloading macrocell. Therefore, a new handover strategy between femtocells and macrocell is proposed in this paper. The proposed handover algorithm is mainly based on calculating equivalent received signal strength along with dynamic margin for performing handover. The simulation results of proposed algorithm are compared with the traditional algorithm. The proposed strategy shows improvement in two major performance parameters namely reduction in unnecessary handovers and Packet Loss Ratio. The quantitative analysis further shows 55.27% and 23.03% reduction in packet loss ratio and 61.85% and 36.78% reduction in unnecessary handovers at a speed of 120kmph and 30kmph respectively. Moreover, the proposed algorithm proves to be an efficient solution for both slow and fast moving vehicles.
PC-APC Schemes in Multipath Diversity System to Get Higher Throughput
Authors: Ningthoujam Sanjit , Dutta Manash Pratim , Banerjee Subhasish , Bhunia Chandan T. , Chakraborty Swarnendu K.
Published: October 2017

This paper is studied about a new protocol of Packet combining (PC) and Aggressive Packet Combining Scheme (APC) in multipath diversity system to get higher throughput. In the proposed protocol of PC and APC schemes, two and three copies of a packet are sent in two and three paths. If either of the copies is received without any erroneous then select the correct one and discard all other copies.  Again if all copies are found as erroneous then combine the erroneous copies and perform XOR operation in case of PC and bit by bit majority logic in case of APC in order to get the original copy. The paper is implemented using Mat lab and found that new proposed protocols are getting higher throughput and probability of receiving successful packet at the receiver side. Thus, performance of error prone wireless network can be improved by applying either PC or APC in multipath diversity system.
Streaming Big Data Analysis for Real-Time Sentiment based Targeted Advertising
Authors: Nair Lekha R. , Shetty Sujala D. , Deepak Shetty Siddhant
Published: October 2017

Big Data constituting from the information shared in the various social network sites have great relevance for research to be applied in diverse fields like marketing, politics, health or disaster management. Social network sites like Facebook and Twitter are now extensively used for conducting business, marketing products and services and collecting opinions and feedbacks regarding the same. Since data gathered from these sites regarding a product/brand are up-to-date and are mostly supplied voluntarily, it tends to be more realistic, massive and reflects the general public opinion. Its analysis on real time can lead to accurate insights and responding to the results sooner is undoubtedly advantageous than responding later.  In this paper, a cloud based system for real time targeted advertising based on tweet sentiment analysis is designed and implemented using the big data processing engine Apache Spark, utilizing its streaming library. Application is meant to promote cross selling and provide better customer support.
Indonesian Culture Learning Application based on Android
Authors: Setiawan Alexander , Handojo Andreas , Hadi Rendra
Published: October 2017

Indonesia is a country that has a wealth of diverse cultures spread from Sabang to Merauke. Even though the government has included a lesson about Indonesian culture in terms of some subjects such as Art and Culture, but there are still many people including some students who do not know the forms and names of the tribes, traditional houses, traditional clothing, folk songs, traditional foods, local weapons, and musical instruments regions in Indonesia. Therefore, a learning application is created that utilizes mobile learning technology. Through the use of mobile learning, user can access learning content without any borders so that it can be accessed at any time so that it can be accessed at any time with interesting illustration. Indonesia National Culture Application is made useful to help users in learning the introduction of Indonesian culture that provides the knowledge with illustrations in the form of images, audio, text and video. This application also can be functioned to learn, answer quiz, to view a gallery of images and video and to do puzzle games. The achieved result is an application that can provide knowledge to the users so they can know the culture in Indonesia through the illustrations provided well.
Reach and Operating Time Correction of Digital Distance Relay
Authors: Sarwade A N , Katti P K , Ghodekar J G
Published: October 2017

Current and voltage signals recieved from conventional iron core Current Transformer (CT) and Voltage Transformer plays very important role for correct operation of Distance Distance Relay (DDR). Increase in secondary burden connected to CT causes it to saturate at earlier stage. The saturated CT produces distorted secondary current, causing DDR to under reach and to operate by certain time delay. Rogowski Coils (RCs) are attaining increased acceptance and use in electrical power system due to their inherent linearity, greater accuracy and wide operating current range. This paper presents use of RC as an advanced measurement device suitable for DDR. Case study for validation of use of RC is carried out on low voltage system. The simulation results of Distance protection scheme used for protection of part of 220kV AC system shows excellent performance of RC over CT under abnormal conditions.
Fault Identification of In-Service Power Transformer using Depolarization Current Analysis
Authors: Talib M.A. , Muhamad N.A. , Malek Z.A. , Phung B.T.
Published: October 2017

Preventive diagnostic testing of in-service power transformers require system outage and expert’s knowledge and experiences in interpreting the measurement results. The chemical oil analysis may cause significant variance to measurement results due to the different practices in oil sampling, storage, handling and transportation. Thus, a cost effective measuring technique by means of a simpler method that is able provide an accurate measurement results is highly required. The extended application of Polarization and Depolarization Current (PDC) measurement for characterization of different faults conditions on in-service power transformer has been presented in this paper. The oil sample from in-service power transformers with normal and 3 different faults type conditions were sampled and tested for Dissolved Gases Analysis (DGA) and PDC measurement. The DGA results was used to confirm type of faults inside the transformer while the PDC pattern of oil with normal, partial discharge, overheating and arcing were correlated to the oil sample conditions. The analysis result shows that depolarization current provides significant information to defferenciate fault types in power transformer. Thus this finding provides a new alternative in identifying incipient faults and such knowledge can be used to avoid catastrophic failures of power transformers.
Optimal Siting of Distributed Generators in a Distribution Network using Artificial Immune System
Authors: P.S. Meera , Hemamalini S.
Published: October 2017

Distributed generation (DG) sources are being installed in distribution networks worldwide due to their numerous advantages over the conventional sources which include operational and economical benefits. Random placement of DG sources in a distribution network will result in adverse effects such as increased power loss, loss of voltage stability and reliability, increase in operational costs, power quality issues etc. This paper presents a methodology to obtain the optimal location for the placement of multiple DG sources in a distribution network from a technical perspective. Optimal location is obtained by evaluating a global multi-objective technical index (MOTI) using a weighted sum method. Clonal selection based artificial immune system (AIS) is used along with optimal power flow (OPF) technique to obtain the solution. The proposed method is executed on a standard IEEE-33 bus radial distribution system. The results justify the choice of AIS and the use of MOTI in optimal siting of DG sources which improves the distribution system efficiency to a great extent in terms of reduced real and reactive power losses, improved voltage profile and voltage stability. Solutions obtained using AIS are compared with Genetic algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm optimization (PSO) solutions for the same objective function.
Voltage Compensation In Wind Power System Using STATCOM Controlled By Soft Computing Techniques
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Bineeta , Mandal Rajib Kumar , Choudhary Girish Kumar
Published: October 2017

When severe voltage sags occur in weak power systems associated with grid-connected wind farms employing doubly fed induction generators, voltage instability occurs which may lead to forced disconnection of wind turbine. Shunt flexible AC transmission system devices like static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) may be harnessed to provide voltage support by dynamic injection of reactive power. In this work, the STATCOM provided voltage compensation at the point of common coupling in five test cases, namely, simultaneous occurrence of step change (drop) in wind speed and dip in grid voltage, single line to ground, line to line, double line to ground faults and sudden increment in load by more than a thousand times. Three techniques were employed to control the STATCOM, namely, fuzzy logic, particle swarm optimization and a combination of both. A performance comparison was made among the three soft computing techniques used to control the STATCOM on the basis of the amount of voltage compensation offered at the point of common coupling. The simulations were done with the help of SimPowerSystems available with MATLAB / SIMULINK and the results validated that the STATCOM controlled by all the three techniques offered voltage compensation in all the cases considered.
Harmonic Suppression of Shunt Hybrid Filter Using LQR-PSO based
Authors: Hasan Nor Shahida , Rosmin Norzanah , Abd Khalid Saifulnizam , Awg. Osman Dygku. Asmanissa , Ishak Baharuddin , Mustaamal Aede Hatib
Published: October 2017

In linear quadratic regulator (LQR), two different weighting matrices play an important role in presenting the performance of this controller. Instead of using classic common approach, which is trial and error method, this study proposes a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to track the best solution of the weighting matrices. The proposed algorithm is tested on shunt hybrid active power filter (APF) to mitigate the harmonic contents in voltage and current signals in a nonlinear load system. The modeling work of this proposed system is simulated using MATLAB/Simulink software. From the simulation, the obtained results proved that using PSO in tuning the LQR controller produce smoother nonlinear voltage and current signals. In fact, the amount of current to be injected into network can be reduced up to 95%. Besides, less time is consumed during searching the optimum weighting matrices using the proposed approach.
Application of PST Source based DC Link Restoration for IDVR
Authors: Nittala Ramchandra , Parimi Alivelu , Uma Rao K
Published: October 2017

Interline Dynamic Voltage Restorer (IDVR) comprises of several Dynamic Voltage Restorers (DVRs) connected to different distribution feeders in the power system sharing common energy storage. One of the DVR provides for voltage sag compensation appearing in that feeder, while the other DVRs restore the energy in the common dc-link thus dynamically maintaining the voltage of DC link capacitor constant by importing power from the other feeders. Restoration of the DC link energy plays an important role in the capability of the individual DVR in the IDVR to mitigate deep sags with long durations. In this paper the restoration of the DC link energy of the IDVR is achieved by the utilizing the phase shifting transformers (PST) which assist the respective DVR during its power control mode. A controlled switching action is provided to choose the appropriate connection of PST to the feeders depending upon the voltage sag condition. The proposed novel concept is examined in a test power system with IDVR.
Comparative Study in Determining Features Extraction for Islanding Detection using Data Mining Technique: Correlation and Coefficient Analysis
Authors: Khamis Aziah , Xu Yan , Mohamed Azah
Published: October 2017

A comprehensive comparison study on the datamining based approaches for detecting islanding events in a power distribution system with inverter-based distributed generations is presented. The important features for each phase in the island detection scheme are investigated in detail. These features are extracted from the time-varying measurements of voltage, frequency and total harmonic distortion (THD) of current and voltage at the point of common coupling. Numerical studies were conducted on the IEEE 34-bus system considering various scenarios of islanding and non-islanding conditions. The features obtained are then used to train several data mining techniques such as decision tree, support vector machine, neural network, bagging and random forest (RF). The simulation results showed that the important feature parameters can be evaluated based on the correlation between the extracted features. From the results, the four important features that give accurate islanding detection are the fundamental voltage THD, fundamental current THD, rate of change of voltage magnitude and voltage deviation. Comparison studies demonstrated the effectiveness of the RF method in achieving high accuracy for islanding detection.
Improvement on Alcohol Breath-Analyzer Ethanol Biosensor based on Roselle-Chitosan Blend
Authors: Eljali Ahmed M. S. , Nainggolan Irwana , Hashim Shahrir , Nasution Tulus Ikhsan
Published: October 2017

This paper presents a study on designing of a breath-analyzer ethanol biosensor through vaporization technology. A roselle extract and chitosan smart gel were used to fabricate the bio-sensing material. Sol-gel electrochemical deposition method was used to coat a thin film of the sensing material blend on patterned golden surface printed circuit board. Differentiation, response time and repeatability properties were studied by exposing 100ppm, 50ppm and 25ppm of ethanol vapor to the breath-analyzer. The accuracy of the breath-analyzer was tested by using I-V electrical testing. The analyzed data demonstrated that the breath-analyzer ethanol biosensor is capable of identifying the concentration of ethanol vapor at room temperature successfully, which can be used as analyzer of alcohol concentration when the sensor exposed to the exhale breath. The roselle-chitosan film sensors have shown the characteristic of a reliable sensor i.e. good sensitivity, selective, repeatable, able to recover and stable.
Uninterruptable Power Supply based on Switching Regulator and Modified Sine Wave
Authors: Chamim Anna Nur Nazilah , Heru Gustaman Muhammad , Raharja Nia Maharani , Iswanto Iswanto
Published: October 2017

The availability of the electricity in doing a job lead to a dependency on it. If there is a sudden failure on electricity, it will result in unfinished works. To overcome the undesired situation because of wasting time, it is advisable to have your power supply. The power supply can serve to replace electricity temporarily, or it could be as a replacement for power supply of PLN’s (State Electricity Company) electricity nets to meet the daily electricity needs. Backup power available can sufficiently replace the source of PLN’s electricity nets with the output of square wave to the ordinary electricity needs. The type of the intended power supply is inverter system as a backup system that supplies daily electricity. In this case, it aims to change the DC (direct current) to AC (alternating current) voltages.
Novel Image Mosaicking of UAV’s Imagery using Collinearity Condition
Authors: Tjahjadi Martinus Edwin , Handoko Fourry , Sai Silvester Sari
Published: October 2017

This paper presents a preliminary result of ongoing research on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for cooperative mapping to support a large-scale urban city mapping, in Malang, Indonesia. A small UAV can carry an embedded camera which can continuously take pictures of landscapes. A convenient way of monitoring landscape changes might be through accessing a sequence of images. However, since the camera’s field of view is always smaller than human eye’s field of view, the need to combine aerial pictures into a single mosaic is eminent. Through mosaics, a more complete view of the scene can be accessed and analyzed. A semi-automated generation of mosaics is investigated using a photogrammetric approach, namely a perspective projection which is based on collinearity condition. This paper reviews the general projection model based on collinearity condition and uses that to determine a common projective plane from images. The overlapped points for each RGB channel are interpolated onto that of orthographic plane to generate mosaics. An initial attempt shows a promising result.
Investigation of HAPs Propagation Channel for Wireless Access in a Tropical Region at Ka-Band
Authors: Obite Felix , Din Jafri , Mohammad Yusof Kamaludin , M. Noor Basliza
Published: October 2017

In the last few years, High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) have attracted considerable effort due to their ability to exploit the advantages of satellite and terrestrial-based systems. Rain attenuation is the most dominant atmospheric impairment, especially at such frequency band. This paper addresses the modelling of rain attenuation and describes a propagation channel model for HAPs at Ka-band to provide efficient and robust wireless access for tropical regions. The attenuation due to rain is modeled based on three years measured data for Johor Bahru to estimate the actual effect of rain on signals at Ka band. The radio propagation channel is usually characterized as a random multipath channel. Specifically, a statistical derivation of probability distribution function for Rayleigh and Rician fading channels are presented. The model consists of multiple path scattering effects, time dispersion, and Doppler shifts acting on the HAPs communication link. Simulation results represent the fading signal level variations. Results show perfect agreement between simulation and theoretical, thereby conforming to the multipath structures. The information obtained will be useful to system engineers for HAPs link budget analysis in order to obtain the required fade margin for optimal system performance in tropical regions.
Real Time Interactive Presentation Apparatus based on Depth Image Recognition
Authors: Basori Ahmad Hoirul , Barukab Omar M.
Published: October 2017

The research on human computer interaction. Human already thinking to overcome the way of interaction towards natural interaction. Kinect is one of the tools that able to provide user with Natural User Interface (NUI). It has capability to track hand gesture and interpret their action according to the depth data stream. The human hand is tracked in point of cloud form and synchronized simultaneously.The method is started by collecting the depth image to be analyzed by random decision forest algorithm. The algorithm will choose set of thresholds and features split, then provide the information of body skeleton. In this project, hand gesture is divided into several actions such as: waiving to right or left toward head position then it will interpret as next or previous slide. The waiving is measured in degree value towards head as center point. Moreover, pushing action will trigger to open new pop up window of specific slide that contain more detailed information. The result of implementations is quite fascinating, user can control the PowerPoint and event able to design the presentation form in different ways. Furthermore, we also present a new way of presentation by presenting WPF form that connected to database for dynamic presentation tools
Embroidery Leaf Shape Dipole Antenna Performances and Characterisation
Authors: Ramly N. J. , Rahim M. K. A. , Samsuri N. A. , Majid H. A.
Published: October 2017

In this paper, leaf shape textile antenna in ISM band has been chosen to study. The operating frequency of the dipole antenna is 2.45GHz. The effect of conductive threads with three different types of sewing has been analysed. The first type of sewing leaf shape dipole antenna is to stitch around itself and embroidered into a fleece fabric with circular follow by vertical and horizontal stitch respectively. From measured return loss, the antenna with circular stitch shows better performances with optimum resonances compared with the two types of stitching. The measured results confirm that the circular stitch is more suitable for leaf shape dipole antenna design. Thus it can be concluded that different stitch gives different results for leaf shape dipole antenna.
Frequency Reconfigurable Epsilon Negative Metamaterial Antenna
Authors: Razak Arrauzah , Rahim M. K. A. , Majid H. A. , Murad N. A.
Published: October 2017

This paper proposes metamaterial (MTM) inspired frequency reconfigurable antenna based on thecircular electric field coupled (ELC) resonator. It is composed of circular shape ELC resonator with the radius size of 7 mm. By inserting two switches between the gaps at both side of the circular ELC resonator, it is possible to switch ON or OFF the unit cell. The antenna has been simulated using CST Microwave Studio software tool. The simulation result shows that the proposed antenna is capable of reconfiguring between two different frequencies which are2.18 GHz and 2.64 GHz. The simulated bandwidth at -10 dB is 4.12 % at resonance frequency of 2.18 GHz and 8.7% at 2.64 GHz
Transitional Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Aziz Nor Azlina Ab , Ibrahim Zuwairie , Mubin Marizan , Nawawi Sophan Wahyudi , Aziz Nor Hidayati Abdul
Published: October 2017

A new variation of particle swarm optimization (PSO) termed as transitional PSO (T-PSO) is proposed here. T-PSO attempts to improve PSO via its iteration strategy. Traditionally, PSO adopts either the synchronous or the asynchronous iteration strategy. Both of these iteration strategies have their own strengths and weaknesses. The synchronous strategy has reputation of better exploitation while asynchronous strategy is stronger in exploration. The particles of T-PSO start with asynchronous update to encourage more exploration at the start of the search. If no better solution is found for a number of iteration, the iteration strategy is changed to synchronous update to allow fine tuning by the particles. The results show that T-PSO is ranked better than the traditional PSOs.
Energy Efficient Operation of Three Phase Induction Motor using Delstar Converter for Machine Tools
Authors: Premkumar M. , Sowmya R.
Published: October 2017

DELSTAR converter is an electronic system to be interfaced with the existing STAR – DELTA starter for machine tools. Induction motor consumes more power while it is operated at DELTA mode for a long time under no load condition. The proposed system gives the solution for the above stated problem. When the load on the motor is less than 40% of full load, it switches the motor to operate in STAR mode to save energy. When the load increases beyond 40%, it automatically switches the motor to operate in DELTA mode. The starting regimen is not disturbed. The proposed converter is recommended for applications where load changes are not more than 120 times/hour. This can be used with any capacity motor by choosing appropriate current transformers and setting the current level using the potentiometer built in. The proposed converter is designed for 5HP induction motor and experimentally tested.
Prioritizing Power demand response for Hydrogen PEMFC-Electric Vehicles using Hybrid Energy Storage
Authors: Samir Jawadi , Sami Ben Slama , Adnane Cherif
Published: October 2017

PEMFC powered Hybrid vehicle system is one of an interesting issue for the industry due to its high performances. The PEMFC cannot certainly ensure a sustained required energy in some scenarios. To solve this problem related to PEMFC transient response, a Hybrid Electrical Storage System (HES) is a potential candidate for a solution. The proposed Hybrid Storage system is comprised of the battery (BT) and a Super-Capacitor (SC) components. These components are included to control the hydrogen variations and the fast peak powers scenarios respectively. The SC is used to control PEMFC and the BT slow dynamics at the same times. An accurate Multi-Ways Energy Management System (MW-EMS) is proposed which aims to cooperate with the system components through SC/BT state of charge and a flux calculation. The simulation results are discussed and assessed using  MATLAB/ Simulink.
Indian Monuments Classification using Support Vector Machine
Authors: S. Bhatt Malay , P. Patalia Tejas
Published: October 2017

Recently, Content-Based Image Retrieval is a widely popular and efficient searching and indexing approach used by knowledge seekers. Use of images by e-commerce sites, by product and by service industries is not new nowadays. Travel and tourism are the largest service industries in India. Every year people visit tourist places and upload pictures of their visit on social networking sites or share via the mobile device with friends and relatives. Classification of the monuments is helpful to hoteliers for the development of a new hotel with state of the art amenities, to travel service providers, to restaurant owners, to government agencies for security, etc.. The proposed system had extracted features and classified the Indian monuments visited by the tourists based on the linear Support Vector Machine (SVM). The proposed system was divided into 3 main phases: preprocessing, feature vector creation and classification. The extracted features are based on Local Binary Pattern, Histogram, Co-occurrence Matrix and Canny Edge Detection methods.  Once the feature vector had been constructed, classification was   performed using Linear SVM. The Database of 10 popular Indian monuments was generated with 50 images for each class. The proposed system is implemented in MATLAB and achieves very high accuracy. The proposed system was also tested on other popular benchmark databases.
Formal Specification of QoS Negotiation in ODP System
Authors: Jarrar Abdessamad , Balouki Youssef , Gadi Taoufiq
Published: October 2017

The future of Open Distributed Processing systems (ODP) will see an increasing of components number, these components are sharing resources. In general, these resources are offering some kind of services. Due to the huge number of components, it is very difficult to offer the optimum Quality of service (QoS). This encourages us to develop a model for QoS negotiation process to optimize the QoS in an ODP system. In such system, there is a High risk of software or hardware failure. To ensure good performance of a system based on our model, we develop it using a formal method. In our case, we will use Event-B to get in the end of our development a system correct by construction.