bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence, molecular characterization and anti-microbial resistance pattern of Staphylococcus species isolates from buck semen
Authors: Kumaresan Gururaj , Gangwar Chetna , Mishra Anil Kumar , Kumar Ashok , Kharche Suresh Dinkar , Singh Narendra Pratap , Pachoori Anjali
Published: September 2021

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most prevalent pathogens, and a causative agent of a variety of infections in humans and animals. A total of 48 semen samples were collected from healthy bucks of different breeds to investigate the prevalence of S. aureus . Antimicrobial resistance and virulence of the Staphylococcus isolates were determined to assess the adverse effects of them on buck fertility. The bacterial isolates were tentatively confirmed as Staphylococcus spp. based on the Gram’s staining, growth on Mannitol salt agar and catalase test. Overall, 75% (n = 36) of the samples were positive for Staphylococcus spp. from the total 48 buck semen ejaculates from different breeds. Out of 36 staphylococcal isolates, 23 (47.92%) were coagulase negative (CoNS) and 13 (27.08%) were coagulase positive Staphylococcus (CoPS) based on the slide coagulase test. In the current study, on the basis of molecular characterization, we identified S. aureus , S. chromogenes, S. haemolyticus, S. sciuri, S. simulans and S. epidermidis amongst the staphylococcal isolates in the buck semen. This study revealed a high prevalence of Staphylococcus species in semen of the healthy bucks. The isolates exhibited varying degrees of multidrug resistance genotypically as well as phenotypically. The presence of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes may pose a potential threat to reproductive health of animals, highlighting the need for vigilant monitoring of these isolates at the time of semen cryopreservation.
Prediction Poverty Levels of College Students Using a Machine Learning Model
Authors: Sheng Wang , Yumei Shi
Published: September 2021

Nowadays, poverty-stricken college students have become a special group among the college students and occupied higher proportion in it. How to accurately identify poverty levels of college students and provide funding is a new problem for universities. In this manuscript, a novel model that combined Random Forest with Principle Components Analysis (RF-PCA) is proposed prediction poverty levels of college students. To build this model, data was firstly collected to establish datasets including 4 classed of poverty levels and 21 features of poverty-stricken college students. Then, feature dimension reduction includes two steps: the first step we selected the top 16 features with the ranking of feature, according to the Gini importance and Shapley Additive explanations (SHAP) values of features based on Random Forest (RF); the second step of feature extraction through Principle Components Analysis (PCA) extracted 11 dimensions. Finally, confusion metrics and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed model, the accuracy of the model achieved 78.61%. Furthermore, compared with seven different classification algorithms, the model has a higher prediction accuracy, the result has great potential to identify the poverty levels of college students.
Rate of Endophthalmitis Following Cataract Surgery Using Intracameral Moxifloxacin without Postoperative Topical Antibiotics
Authors: Riffel Justin , Quick Anjulie
Published: September 2021

Purpose

To report the recent rate of acute postoperative endophthalmitis following cataract surgery at the University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC) where postoperative topical antibiotics were excluded.
Methods

This was a retrospective chart review of patients who underwent phacoemulsification with or without intraocular lens insertion as standalone surgery from February 2018 through August 2020. Those undergoing combination surgeries were excluded. All patients received intracameral moxifloxacin at the conclusion of cataract surgery but were not prescribed postoperative topical antibiotics. Acute postoperative endophthalmitis was defined as occurring within six weeks after surgery.
Results

There were 2,218 standalone cataract surgeries performed on 1,418 patients. Zero cases of acute postoperative endophthalmitis were identified (0%). There were no systemic adverse reactions to intracameral moxifloxacin administration in the 41 patients with a preexisting fluoroquinolone allergy.
Conclusion

The recent rate of acute postoperative endophthalmitis following cataract surgery at KUMC using intracameral moxifloxacin without postoperative topical antibiotics is 0%.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation on Dynamic Behavior in Turning Process of Thin-walled Workpieces made of 42CrMo4 Steel Alloy
Authors: Sahraoui Zied , Glaa Nawel , MEHDI Kamel
Published: September 2021

Machining thin-walled parts is generally cumbersome due to their low structural rigidity. Thus, to better understand the dynamic behavior of thin-walled parts during machining, various engineers and researchers in the field of metal cutting employ the Finite Element Method (FEM) due to its ability to highlight the physics involved in chip formation and the range of force generated in the cutting zone. The results of numerical simulations are evaluated using comparison with experimental data. In this paper, we study the effect of feed rate as well as the thickness of the wall part made of 42CrMo4 steel alloy on the cutting forces and workpiece displacements both experimentally and numerically during roughing and finishing turning process. The numerical study is based on the development of a three-dimensional (3D) Finite Element Model (FEM) in Abaqus/Explicit frame. In the model, the workpiece material is governed by a behavior law of Johnson-Cook. The detachment of the chip is simulated by a ductile fracture law also of Johnson-Cook. Numerical and experimental results show that the cutting forces and the quality of the machined surface depend not only on the choice of cutting parameters but also on the dynamic behavior of thin-walled parts due to their low rigidity and low structural damping during of the machining operation. Indeed, cutting forces are proportional to the feed rate and inversely proportional to the thickness of the part. The largest displacements recorded on the part are mainly along the direction of the tangential component of the cutting force. The flexibility of the part generates instability in the cutting process, but the frequencies of the vibrations are higher than the frequency of rotation of the part.
Research Progress of Micro-RNAs in Apoptosis of Osteosarcoma
Authors: Cai Xueyang , Yin Wei , Tang Chao , Lu Yubao , He Yuqi
Published: September 2021

Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant bone tumor with no effective treatment. Apoptosis, one of the programmed cell death, is any pathological form of cell death mediated by intracellular processes. Under the pathological state, the unregulated regulation of apoptosis can disrupt the balance between cell proliferation and death, causing osteosarcoma proliferation and metastasis. As carcinogenic or tumor suppressor factors, microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells by regulating apoptosis-related signaling pathways and apoptosis-related genes. This review provides the current knowledge of miRNAs and their target genes related to the apoptosis of osteosarcoma.
Urban Growth Modeling Considering Educational Institutions: An Investigation Into the Performance of Three Anfis Methods
Authors: Ghobadiha Yousef , Motieyan Hamid
Published: September 2021

Due to increasing urbanization, the rapid expansion of urban spaces has become a major environmental concern over the last few decades. Therefore, modeling the urban expansion as a complex system has been scrutinized in recent years; however, determining the rules that lead to the expansion of urban areas has always been a challenging factor in this field, especially for disaggregated models like cellular automata (CA). To overcome this issue, in this research, an Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is proposed to enhance the simulation of urban growth through the automatic production of transition rules. The ANFIS can be associated with several inputs division methods, such as ANFIS accompanied by grid partitioning (ANFIS-GP), subtractive clustering (ANFIS-SC), and fuzzy c-means clustering (ANFIS-FCM). Hence, twenty-two ANFIS models based on Landsat images for the time interval from 2000 to 2010 and using different division methods were trained to investigate their effect on the efficiency of ANFIS in urban growth modeling. To examine the efficiency, the Cellular Automata-based Markov Chain (CA-MC) as a popular method was developed, and the simulation accuracy of CA-MC and the most accurate ANFIS models were obtained through comparison with observed data. The most accurate ANFIS-SC model had a Kappa of 0.76 and an overall accuracy of 93.41% for the 2019 simulated map. The results from this study reveal that the ANFIS model is effective at simulating urban expansion and the ANFIS-SC is superior to CA-MC, ANFIS-GP, and ANFIS-FCM models in urban expansion modeling.
An Improved RF-PNN Based Annotation Model With Texture and Edge Based Feature Descriptors
Authors: J Joshua Bapu , D Jemi Florinabel
Published: September 2021

High informative feature descriptors always improves the classification process. In order to classify the earth surface, it is essential to annotate satellite images using itshigh informative feature descriptors. In this proposed work, an annotation framework has been implemented to improve the image discrimination by extracting texture and edge based feature vectors. So the combination of these features subsequently fed into the Random Forest based Probability Neural Network (RF-PNN) classifier to make an annotation model. The experimental analysis with comparisons shows that the proposed annotation model well performed with earlier works and comparative results of benchmark datasets of AID dataset, UC-Merced Land-Use dataset and WHU-RS19 datasets have been documented with analysis.
Salivary Microbiome in Children With Down Syndrome
Authors: Morishima Seiji , Takeda Kaori , Greenan Setsue , Maki Yoshinobu
Published: September 2021

Down syndrome (DS), a most frequently occurring genetic disorder, is associated with oral morphological abnormalities and higher incidence rates of oral diseases. Recent studies have analyzed the oral microbiome to elucidate their relationships with oral diseases and general health; however, reports on the oral microbiome in individuals with DS are scarce. This study aimed to characterize the oral microbiome in children with DS. The salivary microbiomes of children with DS (DS) and children without DS (ND) aged 1 to 12 years were compared. Results of culture and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) detection tests for cariogenic and periodontopathic bacteria showed no significant differences in the detected bacteria between the DS and ND groups, with the exception of a significantly higher detection rate of Candida albicans in children with DS with mixed dentition. A comparison of the salivary microbiomes by 16S sequencing showed no significant difference in α diversity; however, it showed a significant difference in β diversity. Children with DS had a higher relative abundance of Corynebacterium and Cardiobacterium, and lower relative abundance of TM7. This study provided basic data on the salivary microbiome of children with DS and further identified a characteristic microbiological marker of children with DS.
Effects of Breastfeeding and Formula Feeding on the Metabolic Factors and the Expression Level of Obesity and Diabetes-Predisposing Genes in Healthy Infants
Authors: Cheshmeh Sahar , Saber Amir , Nachvak Seyed Mostafa , Hojati Niloofar , Elahi Negin , Esfahani Neda Heidarzadeh
Published: September 2021

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity are prevalent disorders diagnosed by glucose metabolism problems and excess weight gain. Breastfeeding is the best feeding way for infants until six months and due to its nutritional properties, has desirable effects on diabetes and obesity. This study aimed to investigate the effects of breastfeeding, formula feeding, and formula-plus breastfeeding (mix-feeding) on the anthropometric indices, metabolic factors, and the expression level of obesity and diabetes-predisposing genes of healthy infants. Methods: A total of 150 healthy infants were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. All infants (aged 24 months) based on the type of their feeding were divided into three groups, breastfeeding, formula feeding, and mix-feeding. The anthropometric indices, glycemic indexes, lipid profile, and the expression level of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase beta (ACACB), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), liver X receptor α (LXR-α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ), and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) genes were assessed for all infants using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Results: The anthropometric indices including weight, height, and head circumference, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were lower in the breastfeeding infants in comparison to other groups. As well, the expression level of the ACACB gene was significantly downregulated in breastfeeding infants, while the PPAR-γ gene was significantly upregulated, but the expression level of LXR- α, PTEN and BDNF didn’t show a significant difference between groups.Conclusions: Breastfeeding in comparison with formula feeding possessed desirable effects on anthropometric indices, metabolic factors, and diabetes-predisposing genes.
Fibonacci Sequence-related Phenomenon During Chondrocyte Proliferation of the Gottingen Pig Knee Tibial Plateau
Authors: wang xiao jian , Tian Wei , Wu Jian-bo , Zhang Jian
Published: September 2021

Background The aim of our study was to observe the quantitative changes in tibial plateau chondrocytes in the proliferation process from normal Gottingen pigs in vitro and compare them with the Fibonacci sequence.Methods Chondrocytes from normal Gottingen pig tibial plateau cartilage were isolated and cultured to the third generation, and the number of chondrocytes was measured to determine whether the chondrocyte growth was at the logarithmic growth phase. Chondrocytes were added to cell culture bottles at very a low density to allow full separation and allow each chondrocyte to grow as independently as possible. Thirty single chondrocytes were selected, and the number of chondrocyte colonies were observed and recorded every day. Results Among the 30 chondrocyte colonies, the changes in the numbers of 16 chondrocyte colonies were 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, 233, 377, 610, and 987, which conformed to the numbers of the Fibonacci sequence.The number of other chondrocyte colonies was lower than corresponding numbers of the Fibonacci sequence at the same time point.Conclusion The numbers of normal Gottingen pig tibial plateau chondrocytes during the proliferation process were in line with the numbers of the Fibonacci sequence.Alignment to the Fibonacci sequence may be the fastest way for changes in the numbers of normal chondrocytes during the proliferation process in vitro.
Innovation Cloning to Small Business Success: Entrepreneurial Perspective
Authors: Chaniago Harmon
Published: September 2021

It is challenging to run a business during the Covid-19 pandemic because the owners and the small business leaders must be responsible for success. Leaders need to innovate and look for sources of innovation, including practical inventions such as innovation cloning. In this study, innovation cloning consisting of creativity cloning (CC) and implementation cloning (IC) is analyzed for its relationship to business success, in the form of owner's interest (OI) and financial performance (Fn) perspectives. This study aims to reveal the role of innovation cloning, CC and IC, in achieving business success based on OI and Fn. The study uses an explanatory survey. The number of samples is 155 entrepreneurs/small business leaders in Bandung City, Indonesia. Data processing uses descriptive statistics and multiple regression with the help of SPSS and Amos 23 software. This study found that CC and IC affected OI, and IC was shown to affect Fn. In contrast, CC does not affect Fn. CC and IC are correlated with each other. It is proved CC and IC are one unit or part of cloning innovation. The leadership's expertise in choosing the object to be cloned and adapting it to consumer needs will facilitate company goals. For small businesses, utilizing innovation cloning and modifying it is a practical way to achieve success.
Physiological and potentially pathogenic microbial flora in bats
Authors: Foti Maria , Spena Mariateresa Teresa , Fisichella Vittorio , Mascetti Antonietta , Colnaghi Marco , Grasso Maria , Piraino Chiara , Sciurba Franco , Grasso Rosario
Published: September 2021

The study of bats has a significant interest from a systematic, zoogeographic, ecological and physiological point of view, but their possible role as potential carriers of pathogenic bacteria is little explored and very little research has been carried out on the European continent. The aim of this study is to investigate the culturable aerobic enteric, conjunctival and oral bacterial flora of bats living in southern Italy to determine the physiological bacterial microflora and to investigate the possible occurrence of pathogenic bacteria. Five hundred and sixty-seven samples were collected from 189 individuals of 4 species of bats (Myotis myotis, Myotis capaccinii, Miniopterus schreibersii and Rhinolophus hipposideros). The sampling was carried out in six areas of the territory of Sicily and Calabria (southern Italy). All samples were examined for Gram negative bacteria; conjunctival and oral swabs were also submitted to bacteriological examination for Gram positive bacteria. Four hundred thirteen Gram negative strains were isolated. Of these, 377 belonged to 17 different genera of the Enterobacteriaceae Group and 30 to 5 other Families. One hundred eighty three Gram positive strains were isolated. Of these, 73 belonged to Staphylococcaceae Family, 72 to Bacillaceae Family and 36 to 4 other Families. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that some of these genera have been isolated from bats. The results confirmed that bats play an important role in the ecology and circulation of potentially pathogenic bacteria not only for wild species but also for domestic animals and for humans.
Peripheral tissues metabolites and biological functions in Post-stroke Depression
Authors: Liu Haiyan , Pu Juncai , Zhou Qinxiang , Yang Lining , Bai Dingqun
Published: September 2021

Post-stroke depression (PSD) is the most common and severe neuropsychiatric complication after stroke. However, the molecular mechanism of PSD is still unclear. Previous studies have identified peripheral tissues metabolites associated with PSD using metabolomics techniques. We searched and systematically summarized metabolites that may be involved in metabolic changes in peripheral tissues of patients with PSD from the Metabolite Network of Depression Database (MENDA) and other biomedical databases. MetaboAnalyst5.0 software was used for pathway analysis and enrichment analysis of differential metabolites, and subgroup analyses were performed according to tissue types and metabolomics techniques. We identified 47 metabolites that were differentially expressed between patients with and without PSD. Five differential metabolites were found in both plasma and urine, including L-glutamic acid, pyroglutamic acid, palmitic acid, L-phenylalanine, and L-tyrosine. We integrated these metabolites into metabolic pathways, and six pathways were significantly altered. These pathways could be roughly divided into three modules including amino acid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, and glucose metabolism. Among them, the most significantly altered pathway was “phenylalanine metabolism” and the pathway containing the most associated molecules was “aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis”, which deserve further study to elucidate their role in the molecular mechanism of PSD. In summary, metabolic changes in peripheral tissues are associated with PSD, especially the disruption of “phenylalanine metabolism” and “aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis” pathways. This study provides clues to the metabolic characteristics of patients with PSD, which may help to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of PSD.
Taguchi Optimization of Plasticisation Process for Glycerol and TEA Based Thermoplastic Mango Starch Biofilms
Authors: Agwamba Ernest Chiedoziam , Hassan Lawal G. , Muhammad Achor , Sokoto Abdullahi M. , Agwamba Eric N.
Published: September 2021

This investigation involves study of independent variable that influences the Young modulus of thermoplastic mango starch (TPS) as dependent response factor. The experiment was design using the Taguchi orthogonal technique with four independent variables; plasticiser type; glycerol (G), and Triethanolamine-(TEA) (T), percentage plasticiser (40 and 120 %), percentage carboxymethyl cellulose-CMC (10 and 50 %), and concentration of HCl (0.05 and 0.15 M). The result of the main effect plots for mean indicated that the gTPS-CMC1 with 268.85a MPa is a better outcome compared to gTPS-CMC3 with 280.31a MPa, since no significance difference was observed due to less composition requirement of CMC for gTPS–CMC1, making it more cost effective to produced with better optimum conditions. The interaction plot of the independent variables showed that for plasticiser types; when glycerol (G) was utilised a higher young modulus is observed than TEA (T) and only interacts with TEA (T) at 0.015 M HCl; 10 % CMC gives a higher response compared to 50 % CMC and showed no interaction even as the other independent variables fluctuates, and similar effect was observed for percentage plasticiser. Study concluded that the predicted mean (young modulus) is substantially consistent with the experimental observation (R2 = 0.6283).
A Scalable, Black-box, Hybrid Genetic Algorithm for Continuous Multimodal Optimization in Moderate Dimensions
Authors: Johannsen Klaus , Goris Nadine , Jensen Bjørnar , Tjiputra Jerry
Published: September 2021

Optimization problems can be found in many areas of science and technology. Often, not only the global optimum, but also a (larger) number of near-optima are of interest. This gives rise to so-called multimodal optimization problems. In most of the cases, the number and quality of the optima is unknown and assumptions on the objective functions cannot be made. In this paper, we focus on continuous, unconstrained optimization in moderately high dimensional continuous spaces (<=10). We present a scalable algorithm with virtually no parameters, which performs well for general objective functions (non-convex, discontinuous). It is based on two well-established algorithms (CMA-ES, deterministic crowding). Novel elements of the algorithm are the detection of seed points for local searches and collision avoidance, both based on nearest neighbors, and a strategy for semi-sequential optimization to realize scalability. The performance of the proposed algorithm is numerically evaluated on the CEC2013 niching benchmark suite for 1-20 dimensional functions and a 9 dimensional real-world problem from constraint optimization in climate research. The algorithm shows good performance on the CEC2013 benchmarks and falls only short on higher dimensional and strongly inisotropic problems. In case of the climate related problem, the algorithm is able to find a high number (150) of optima, which are of relevance to climate research. The proposed algorithm does not require special configuration for the optimization problems considered in this paper, i.e. it shows good black-box behavior.
Use of Multi-Modality Technology to Reduce the Radiation Dose of Multi-Slice Spiral CT Coronary Angiography (MSCTCA) in Normal Weight and Overweight Patients
Authors: Hu Xiao lu , Huang Pei kai , Zhang Meng , Lei Min , Chen Jun , Chen Yan xia , He Tao , xiao mengqiang
Published: September 2021

Purpose: This study was performed to explore the value of multi-modality technology, with a combination of narrow acquisition window, isocentric scanning, low tube voltage, low tube current and iterative reconstruction (IR), for reducing the radiation dose in multi-slice spiral computed tomography coronary angiography (MSCTCA). Materials and methods: In this prospective randomised controlled study, 154 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) were classified according to body mass index (BMI) as normal weight (BMI 18–27kg/m2) or overweight (BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2), and divided into four groups: multi-modality–normal BMI group (A1, n = 82); multi-modality–overweight group (B1, n = 17); conventional–normal BMI group (A2, n = 39); and conventional–overweight group (B2, n = 16). The parameters in the multi-modality groups were as follows: isocentric scan, tube voltage = 80 kV, tube current control using 80% “smart milliampere”, and maximum current during 60–80% of the RR interval. The parameters in the conventional groups were as follows: normal position, tube voltage = 100 kV, tube current control using smart milliampere, and maximum current during 30–80% of the RR interval. The effective radiation dose (ED), objective image quality (IQ), noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast signal-to-noise ratio (CNR) and subjective 5-point Likert scale IQ scores of MSCTCA images were compared among the four groups. Results: The average EDs of groups A1, A2, B1and B2 were( 1.13±0.35 ) mSv, ( 3.36±1.30 ) mSv, ( 1.54±0.53 ) mSv and ( 5.90±0.93 ) mSv, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in ED between groups A1 and A2, and between groups B1 and B2 (all P < 0.01). Noise was significantly lower, and both SNR and CNR were significantly higher, in group A2 than group A1 (all P < 0.01), but there were no significant differences in these parameters between groups B1 and B2 (P = 0.14–0.51). The average IQ scores of groups A1, A2, B1and B2 were 4.46±0.59(Fig.3), 4.45±0.62(Fig.4), 4.39±0.68(Fig.5) and 4.42±0.66(Fig.6),respectively. There were no significant differences in subjective IQ scores among the four groups (P = 0.12). Consistency among observers in the subjective IQ scores of the four groups was very good, with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) of 0.71–0.90. The subjective IQ scores of the coronary artery were excellent in all four groups, with a total good-to-excellent rate of ≥ 92.64%, and the total number of evaluable segments in the images of all four groups was ≥ 98.26%. Conclusions: Under conditions appropriate for clinical diagnosis, multi-modality technology can reduce the radiation dose of MSCTCA scans in both normal weight and overweight patients.
Association of Infant Feeding Practices with Iron Status and Hematologic Parametersin Thai Infants at 6 Months of Age
Authors: Ruangkit Chayatat , Prachakittikul Nawapat , Hemprachitchai Nutthida , Dumrongwongsiri Oraporn , Soonsawad Sasivimon
Published: September 2021

Background: An infant's iron intake in the first 6 months of life comes solely from milk intake. However, infants' feeding practices vary, and their association with infants' iron status and hematologic parameters has not been well studied. We aimed to evaluate how different infant feeding practices associate with iron status and hematologic parameters among 6-month-old Thai infants. Methods: In a retrospective chart review, we identified 403 infants who attended a well-baby clinic and received laboratory screening for anemia (complete blood count and serum ferritin) at 6-month visits. Infants were categorized into four groups according to feeding practices. Hematologic parameters and incidence of anemia (hemoglobin [Hb]<11 g/dL), iron deficiency (ID; ferritin<12 ng/mL), and iron deficiency anemia (IDA; Hb<11 g/dL and ferritin<12 ng/mL) were compared between groups. Univariate and multiple logistic regression models were used to identify IDA associated factors among 6-month-old infants. Results: In total, 105 infants were breastfed (BF), 78 were breastfed with iron supplementation (BI), 109 infants were mixed-fed (breast milk and formula) with or without iron supplementation starting at age 4 months (MF), and 111 infants were formula-fed (FF). The BF group had the highest incidence of anemia, ID, and IDA. Anemia was found in 38.1% of BF infants compared with 21.8% of BI, 19.3% of MF, and 16.2% of FF infants (p<0.001). ID was found in 28.6% of BF infants compared with 3.8% of BI, 3.7% of MF, and 0.9% of FF infants (p<0.001). IDA was found in 17.1% of BF infants compared with 2.6% of BI, 0.9% of MF, and 0.9% of FF infants (p<0.001). In multivariate logistic regression, higher weight gain during 0–6 months slightly increased the risk of IDA and higher birth weight slightly decreased this risk. BI, MF, and FF infants had 90.4%, 97.5%, and 96.9% decreased risk of IDA, respectively, with BF infants as a reference group. Conclusion: The incidence of anemia, ID, and IDA at age 6 months was higher in BF than FF or partially BF infants. However, iron supplements in BF infants starting at 4 months significantly reduced their ID and IDA incidence.
The Effect of Health-Related Behaviors on Income in China: A Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Xie Muyan
Published: September 2021

Understanding the interaction between habits and income can be an efficient way to economically improve income and this paper serves to figure out the effectiveness of health-related income factors and gender differences in these factors using regressions, interaction effects and fixed effect model estimations. I used China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) for 2000, 2004, 2006, 2009, 2011 and 2015 and expected the study to be representative of the general population in China. Results show clear effect of these factors, with that smoking can negatively associate with income and tea, coffee, alcohol, and exercising be in positive association. Also, gender differences are tested and interpreted. Extensions include discuss pathway through which these factors influence income, urban residence’s interaction effect with these factors and yearly differences. Main findings are concluded for future possible uses, as policy makers for women’s economical empowerment programs may refer to the statistics and find the area that return the most such as drinking tea and quitting smoking.
Non-magnetic generating electricity
Authors: Yang Shuai
Published: September 2021

In the past scientific cognition, changes in the magnetic field produce electric field, so when there is current and voltage generation, need to have a change in magnetic flux, However, in the process of studying the nature of magnetization, we found that the microscopic formation of a magnetic field is the directional movement of positive and negative charges, under the guidance of this theory, we use other methods, realize the separation of positive and negative charges, observation of induced current generation, this can be used as another way to generate electricity.
A cross-sectional study regarding the knowledge, attitude and awareness about self-medication among Bangladeshi people
Authors: Jami Md. Abu Bakar Siddique
Published: September 2021

Background: Self-medication is the use of medicinal products by the consumer which is not prescribed by the physician or doctor. Self-medication practice (SMP) is widely adopted by the common people of developing countries like Bangladesh. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Aim & Objective: This study was conducted to learn about the knowledge and awareness level and to evaluate the practice and attitude towards self-medication among the common people of Bangladesh. Method: Primary data was collected by conducting an online survey with a well-constructed questionnaire. Data collection was carried out from May 2021 to June 2021. The subjects were minimum 15 years of age. From 35 districts of Bangladesh, total 322 people of different age groups, education levels, economic classes participated in the survey. Result: 71% (229) of the respondents were 21-25 years of age. 66% were undergraduate students. Most of them were from middle class society and well-educated. 80% of the population said that they had purchased or taken medicines without any prescription. 57% of them told they do not consider self-medication as a very safe practice although, 87% of the population had practiced self-medication at least once in the preceding year. Antipyretics (212), Analgesics (165), Drugs for Cold/Cough (197) and Anti-ulcer/Antacids (140) were the majority categories of medicines that were used mostly for self-medication. Nearly all (311) of them collects SMP medicine from Pharmacy shops. Previous prescription (146), Advice from family or friends (165) and Internet or other media (113) were their common sources of information for their self-medication practice. Conclusion: Self-medication practice is highly prevalent in Bangladesh. People are not aware enough about possible negative outcomes of it. Therefore, the regulatory laws should be implemented more strictly regarding buying and selling medicines
Dexmedetomidine Reduces IL-4 and IgE Expression Through Downregulation of TLR4/NF-κ Signaling Pathway to Alleviate Airway hyperresponsiveness in OVA Mice
Authors: Duan Qirui , Yang Dong , Zhi Juan
Published: September 2021

Background: Asthma is a disease that affects health worldwide. It is characterised by inflammation and airway hyperreactivity. Because airway hyperreactivity can occur in other diseases, perioperative airway hyperreactivity is more insidious and widespread than in asthma and has serious implications that need to be addressed urgently. The use of dexmedetomidine in acute asthma and lung protection has been reported, but the exact mechanism is unclear. Objective: To investigate the effectiveness and mechanisms associated with dexmedetomidine in airway hyperresponsiveness.Methods: Forty BALB/c female mice were randomly divided into five groups: group K (blank group), group A (asthma group), group HD (asthma + dexmedetomidine treatment group), group TH (asthma + yohimbine group) and group HT (asthma + dexmedetomidine + yohimbine group), and the airway resistance of group K, group A and group HD were analysed by invasive airway resistance assay, ELISA assay, immunohistochemistry and q-PCR, respectively. Airway resistance; IL-4 and IgE levels in serum and BLAF; and IL-4, IL-13, Muc5AC, NFκB, TLR2, TLR4 and TSLP1 protein levels in lung tissues of the 5 groups were analysed by invasive airway resistance assay, ELISA, immunohistochemistry and qPCR. RESULTS: Compared with group A, there were statistical differences in airway resistance (P < 0.05); LIL-4 and IgE (P < 0.05) in serum and BLAF; and Muc5AC, TLR4 and NFκB protein contents (P < 0.05) in lung tissues in the HD group. Conclusion: 1. Dexmedetomidine can attenuate airway hyperresponsiveness in the OVA asthma model; 2. Dexmedetomidine reduced the production of IL-4 and IgE by down-regulating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby reducing the lung inflammatory response and airway hyperresponsiveness in the OVA-induced asthma model.
Epidemiological Characteristics and Associated Factors of Imported Respiratory Infectious Diseases in China, 2014 - 2018
Authors: Wang Jinlong , Chen Tao , Deng Lele , Han Yajun , Wang Dayan , Wang Liping , He Guangxue
Published: September 2021

Background

With the progress of globalization, the international mobility of population is increasing, which facilitates the cross-border transmission of respiratory infectious diseases (RIDs). The aim of this study is to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and relative factors of imported RIDs for using high-tech and wisdom methods to early find and stop the important RIDs spread to China.
Methods

The imported RIDs cases from 2014 to 2018 enrolled in this study were screened by the inbound sentinel network of customs and national notifiable disease reporting system in China. The spatial, temporal and population distribution of imported respiratory infectious diseases were analyzed. Seasonal index was calculated to describe the seasonality, and Pearson correlation coefficients were assessed to examine associations between independent variables and imported cases. Data analysis and visualization were carried out with R (version 4.0.5).
Results

Among 1,409,265,253 inbound travelers, 31,302 (2.22/100,000) imported RIDs cases from 143 countries within 5 continents were reported. The incidence of imported RIDs in 2018 (2.77/100,000) was nearly 5 times that of 2014 (0.56/100,000). Among foreigners, the incidences were higher in male (5.11/100,000), 0–14 year old group (14.06/100,000), and Oceania (10.98/100,000). Influenza accounted for the majority of imported RIDs(90.64%), with obvious seasonality. The spatial distribution of imported RIDs was different between Chinese citizens and foreigners. With the increase of inbound travel volume and the number of influenza cases in source countries, the number of imported RIDs cases increased.
Conclusions

Our study showed RIDs imported into China from 143 countries around the world. Therefore, it has great potential risks of transmitting important RIDs to China. So, it is urgent to strengthen the surveillance at customs for inbound population, and establish the wisdom surveillance and warning systems for preventing and stop imported RIDs spreading to China.
Non-Radiative Recombination of Triplet Charge-Transfer State as the Key of Limiting Efficiency Mediates the Positive Relevance of JSC and VOC
Authors: Ren Yue , Li Ming-Yang , Geng Yun , Xu Yi-Zhou , Sun Guang-Yan , Sui Ming-Yue , Su Zhong-Min
Published: September 2021

Non-fullerene organic solar cells (NF OSCs) with A-D-A acceptors have realized the positive relevance of short-circuit current density (JSC) and open-circuit voltage (VOC), because of the restricted energy loss. However, non-radiative energy loss remains unclear, resulting in the positive relevance could not maximize power conversion efficiency (PCE). Here, the impact of non-radiative recombination directly related to the singlet- and triplet-charge-transfer (1CT and 3CT) states on the positive relevance is explored. It establishes the essential connection between 3CT-state non-radiation and positive relevance, points out the former mainly hinders PCE. The root reason is that decisive factors of decay rates in two pathways are completely different, but hard to adjust coordinately. Especially, another trade-off is still detected in NF OSCs, causing a bottleneck in PCE. To the end, we propose the defects of A-D-A molecular design by revealing 3CT-state non-radiation mediates the positive relevance.
Syntactic and semantic aspects of supplementary relative clauses in English and Sōrānī Kurdish
Authors:   , Hassan Shene
Published: September 2021

In this thesis, I examine and analyse supplementary relative clauses(SRCs), also known as non-restrictive relative clauses. SRCs have received considerably less attention in the study of relative clauses than integrated, or restrictive, relative clauses (IRCs). The (surface) syntactic structure of the two types of relative clauses (RCs) is largely identical. Therefore, it is not straightforward to determine where to locate the difference in the interpretation between IRCs and SRCs.To address this question, I focus on two types of English SRCs: determiner-which RCs, and SRCs introduced by that. Determiner-which RCs can only be interpreted as SRCs. Previous HPSG approaches built on the generalisation that that RCs cannot be SRCs. Hence there is no HPSG analysis for relative that in SRCs. In this thesis I show the acceptability of the two constructions by the American native speakers and provide both structures with an HPSG analysis.I extend my discussion beyond English by looking at relative clauses in Sorānī Kurdish. I argue that RCs in Sorānī Kurdish share essential properties withEnglish bare RCs and that RCs, though Sorānī Kurdish has no equivalent of wh-RCs. I also provide Sorānī Kurdish with an HPSG analysis.
Avaliação de Desempenho de Gestão de Recursos Humanos no Setor Público
Authors: Guesser Paula Cristina Leite , Ensslin Sandra Rolim , Petri Sergio Murilo
Published: September 2021

A orientação de serviços com foco nos resultados passou a ser adotada no setor público por meio de práticas de gestão estratégica como a Avaliação de Desempenho (AD) de Recursos Humanos (RH) para aprimorar a eficiência da prestação de serviços públicos. Assim, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar as características das publicações científicas, em língua inglesa, que abordam o tema referente à Avaliação de Desempenho de Recursos Humanos no setor público, para gerar conhecimento e identificar lacunas e possibilidades de contribuições para futuras pesquisas. Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, feito por meio da seleção e análise bibliográfica de artigos científicos com base na ferramenta Knowledge Development Process-Constructivist (Proknow-C). Por meio da análise do Portfólio, composto por 21 artigos, foram encontrados estes resultados: evidenciação da motivação como a principal função da Avaliação de Desempenho de Recursos Humanos do setor público; falta de vinculação dos indicadores às estratégias da organização e ao ambiente onde essa está inserida; concentração das pesquisas na etapa de design do Sistema de AD, impossibilitando o feedback e o aprendizado, tanto por parte dos servidores, quanto dos gestores de RH; e geração de oportunidades de pesquisa para teóricos e desafios para gestores com base na identificação de falhas no processo de Avaliação de Desempenho. Portanto, as pesquisas precisam avançar para a análise dos processos necessários para o funcionamento do Sistema de Avaliação de Desempenho de Recursos Humanos no setor público, de forma a evoluir para os estágios de implementação, uso e revisão, preferencialmente com a participação de todos os stakeholders.
“Um lugar de movimento”: a trajetória histórica das apropriações dos espaços da Galeria do Ouvidor em Belo Horizonte (MG)
Authors: Palhares José Vitor , Correia Gabriel Farias Alves , Carrieri Alexandre De Pádua
Published: September 2021

Estudos que englobam a temática da apropriação dos espaços de passagens e das galerias comerciais de cidades brasileiras têm sido pouco explorados nos Estudos Organizacionais. Devido à importância da Galeria do Ouvidor em Belo Horizonte e a necessidade de evidenciar as histórias desses espaços de passagens, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi compreender a trajetória histórica das apropriações da Galeria do Ouvidor pelos comerciantes que a ocupam. Por meio de observações sistemáticas e da Análise Linguística do Discurso de narrativas de história oral temáticas, buscamos demonstrar as diversas maneiras que, historicamente, o espaço da galeria fora apropriado pelos ouvidorenses. Os resultados da pesquisa evidenciaram que as relações sociais e simbólicas estabelecidas na galeria desde a sua construção até os dias atuais são caracterizadas pela dinamicidade. Aos poucos, os ouvidorenses acabam por (re)construir e (re)apropriar os espaços da galeria, distantes de serem considerados como simples passagens. Assim, este estudo oportunizou compreendermos diversas apropriações de um espaço marcado pela história, incrustado de memória urbana, e que ainda hoje é considerado um lugar turístico e referência na capital mineira.
Modelo de Mensuração de Bens Imóveis no Setor Público Brasileiro: estudo de caso sobre o custo de reposição depreciado conforme os padrões internacionais
Authors: Sanches Clauber Louzada , Santos Fernando De Almeida
Published: September 2021

O reconhecimento contábil dos imóveis dos entes públicos, de acordo com o processo de convergência aos padrões internacionais de contabilidade, é obrigatório para os estados e Distrito Federal a partir do exercício de 2019, de acordo com anexo da Portaria STN (Secretaria do Tesouro Nacional) 548/2015. Este fato é um desafio para os gestores públicos, sendo que um dos aspectos relevantes é a necessidade da reavaliação dos imóveis dos entes públicos. É objetivo desta pesquisa analisar a metodologia de mensuração desenvolvida pela Controladoria Geral do Estado (CGE) e aplicada ao Ambulatório Médico de Especialidades (AME). A pesquisa utiliza o método do estudo de caso, sendo de caráter exploratória e descritiva. Além das informações documentais, também foi realizada entrevista qualitativa aplicada a dois participantes da equipe do projeto: o engenheiro chefe e o gerente da frente contábil. Ao final, é demonstrada a metodologia desenvolvida pela CGE para mensuração do AME, sendo representada por meio de um fluxograma do macroprocesso que pode ser aplicado a outros AMEs situados em regiões urbanas.
AS STOCK OPTIONS INFLUENCIAM A INFORMAÇÃO CONTÁBIL E O VALOR DAS EMPRESAS BRASILEIRAS DE CAPITAL ABERTO?
Authors: Coletti Rosiane Nunes Silva , Silva Ricardo Luiz Menezes da , Nardi Paula Carolina Ciampaglia
Published: September 2021

O objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar a relação entre a remuneração por meio de stock options e o valor de mercado das empresas. Ademais, objetiva-se investigar a relação entre a qualidade das informações contábeis e a remuneração dos membros da alta administração. A originalidade desse trabalho reside na análise em conjunto da qualidade das demonstrações contábeis, do valor econômico das empresas e do pagamento baseado em ações. Para tanto, foi aplicado o modelo de gerenciamento de resultado – Modelo Modificado de Jones (DECHOW, SLOAN, SWEENEY, 1995), e regressão múltipla para dados em painel. A amostra foi definida a partir da carteira teórica IBrX-100, e o período de análise corresponde a dezembro de 2010 até setembro de 2015. Os resultados sugerem que: i) o pagamento baseado em ações apresenta um efeito negativo na qualidade das demonstrações contábeis; ii) a adoção de stock options não apresenta efeito no valor da empresa. A literatura prevê a utilização das stock options por vários motivos, por exemplo, atrair e reter executivos, remuneração sem efeito no fluxo de caixa da empresa. Além disso, outros incentivos podem nortear a divulgação da qualidade da informação contábil.
Uma Nova Configuração do Sistema de Gestão de Desempenho de uma Instituição Federal de Ensino Superior à Luz dos Princípios Globais de Contabilidade Gerencial
Authors: Silveira Natália Fernandes , Espejo Márcia Maria Dos Santos Bortolocci
Published: September 2021

A análise do Sistema de Gestão de Desempenho (SGD) a partir dos Princípios Globais de Contabilidade Gerencial (PGCG) é relevante, considerando um quadro paradoxal em que por um lado, as universidades são uma importante engrenagem social na difusão de conhecimento e inovação, e por outro são um retrato retrógrado, consideradas ineficientes, lentas e burocratizadas em seus organismos centrais (PIRES; MACÊDO, 2006; VIEIRA; VIEIRA, 2003). O presente estudo tem por objetivo a investigação do nível de institucionalização da mudança institucional ocasionada por uma transição mandatária em uma Instituição Federal de Ensino Superior no Brasil, a partir da percepção dos gestores. A pesquisa é caracterizada como exploratória e descritiva quanto aos objetivos, aplicada quanto a natureza do problema com abordagem qualitativa e análise de dados transversais. Utilizando-se de um estudo de caso interpretativista, foram realizadas 26 entrevistas semiestruturadas para a coleta dos dados, tendo como base o Sistema de Gestão de Desempenho, parametrizado pelos Princípios Globais de Contabilidade Gerencial. Os resultados evidenciam dez categorias sendo estas: abertura, contrato de gestão, ferramentas gerenciais, foco estratégico, inovação tecnológica, integração, processo de comunicação, sobrecarga, transparência e algumas mudanças gerais, tendo a Teoria Institucional como fundamento. Conclui-se que mudanças mandatárias acarretam mudanças institucionais significativas. O processo de institucionalização da mudança encontra-se em fase de objetificação, enquadrando-se como semi-institucionalizado.