bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between First-Line Nursing Managers' Communication Skills and Nurses' Job Satisfaction: A Systematic Review protocol
Authors: rezaei narjes , sahebzadeh mandana , rarani mostafa amini
Published: April 2024

Background: Patient-centered care should be the focus of health services, where continues improvements in First-Line Nursing Managers' communication skills promote nurses' job satisfaction and ensure patient safety and quality care. Thus, this study is a protocol for a systematic review to assess how the communication skills of First-Line Nursing Managers contribute to the development of Nurses' Job Satisfaction.
Methods: This systematic review protocol is conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) statement guidelines and the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic. This review aims to assess the utilization of health research findings through a systematic review of documents related to the First-Line Nursing Managers' Communication Skills and job satisfaction among their subordinates, Nurses. These studies should be published from 2019–2024 and in English language are examined and included original research papers, various types of review papers (such as narrative, scope, and systematic reviews), as well as dissertations and theses. Therefore, the comprehensive search strategy will be conducted in the following databases: PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Two independent reviewers will conduct all study selection procedures, data extraction, and methodological evaluation, and disagreements will be referred to a third reviewer.
Results: This systematic review will provide evidence on more effects for communication skills of First-Line Nursing Managers and will consider information such as duration, educational strategies, assessment measures, and outcomes that promote health worker self-efficacy. The review intends to provide insights into how nursing managers' communication skills influence nurses' job satisfaction, informing evidence-based practice and policy decisions.
Discussion: Implications of the findings for nursing management practices and recommendations for future research will be discussed.
Macroeconomic Tail Probabilities
Authors: Holmberg Ulf
Published: April 2024

A method for assessing macroeconomic tail probabilities is presented. The method models the probability density mass function of the general macroeconomic environment using non-parametric time series modelling techniques. The method is tested by evaluating the tail probability of historically well-known economic downturns. The results clearly point towards the usability of the method, as well as the validity of the results.
The spatiotemporal brain dynamics of cognitive control
Authors: Mazloum Reza , Popovova Jeanette , Rosio Michael , Macauda Gianluca , Stämpfli Philipp , Vuilleumier Patrik , Frühholz Sascha , Scharnowski Frank , Menon Vinod , Michels Lars
Published: April 2024

Understanding the neural foundations of response inhibition is pivotal to unraveling parts of the mechanisms of cognitive control. Advanced human neuroimaging is able to converge the temporal precision of electroencephalography (EEG) with the spatial accuracy of simultaneous EEG-functional magnetic resonance imaging (EEG-fMRI) to illustrate the intricate neural dynamics at play during a Go/No-Go (GNG) task, as performed by fifty-five right-handed participants. Our analysis reveals the influence of beta oscillations in the right anterior insular cortex (AIC) and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG)— areas implicated in impulse control— during the early event-related potentials (ERPs) component (N1), therefore marking the commencement of sensory processing and the mobilization of cognitive control networks.

Subsequently, the propagation of beta oscillations into the left AIC and IFG underlines their importance to sensory integration. Following the early ERP stages, the engagement of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during the late ERP component (P3) accentuates its function in arbitrating cognitive control and decision-making. Furthermore, the subsequent activations within the supplementary motor area (SMA) and primary motor cortex (M1) demarcate their roles in network operation and action termination.

In light of the recent surge in interest in exploring the nuances of response inhibition under diverse stimulus visibility thresholds — specifically supraliminal versus subliminal — we too investigated the impact of perceptual awareness on the activation of the response inhibition network. We discerned divergent neural activations between conditions: the supraliminal state induced uniform activity across the network, whereas subliminal conditions presented a more convoluted, reciprocal pattern among these regions and the visual cortex.

Our inquiry furthers the understanding of the temporal and oscillatory mechanisms that fortify response inhibition, offering perspectives on the implicated brain regions and their functional orchestration in response to varying stimulus visibility. This work holds promise for the development of time-efficient, imaging-based biomarkers that could facilitate the diagnosis of conditions characterized by impaired impulse control, such as addiction and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
PhisNet: Deep learning-based Hybrid and Ensemble Multi-level Approach for the detection of phishing websites
Authors: Soni Jayesh , Prabakar Nagarajan , Upadhyay Himanshu
Published: April 2024

Phishing is a cyber-attack that intends to trick individuals into providing an attacker with sensitive information, such as login authorizations or business information. One tactic that attackers use is creating fake websites that mimic legitimate ones to fool victims into entering their information. A learning-based model can be used to analyze patterns in website content, structure, behavior, email text, sender, and links. These models can help identify phishing attempts and protect individuals and organizations from falling victim to these scams. In this research, we study and experiment with the deep learning-based algorithm in classifying phishing webpages from legitimate webpages that can be generalized across multiple domains. We used the open-source benchmark dataset, "Phishing Dataset for Machine Learning," available on Kaggle. We propose a hybrid and a multi-level ensemble approach for phishing website detection. Several one-class classifiers are trained on the first level, and the Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is used to reduce the size of feature vectors. Each one class classifiers have its own strength and limitations, and thus an adaptive weightage approach is applied. At the second level, a multilayer neural network is trained for classification. Further, the training time is reduced due to feature reduction in the latent space. Our experimental results classify phishing websites from legitimate websites with 98% accuracy.
TIME COURSE AND PREDICTORS OF RECOVERY FROM LATEROPULSION AFTER HEMISPHERIC STROKE (PROSPECTIVE STUDY)
Authors: Delva Iryna , Oksak Olga , Delva Mykhaylo
Published: April 2024

Introduction. In recent years, considerable attention has been paid to the abnormality of body verticality perception in stroke patients. Most often, misperception of body verticality is manifested in the form of lateropulsion and repulsion syndrome.
Objective: to study the timing of recovery from lateropulsion (pusher syndrome) and to determine the predictors of lateropulsion resolution in patients with hemispheric strokes.
Material and methods. We included in the study patients with hemispheric strokes occurring within the last month. 61 patients were diagnosed with lateropulsion and 9 patients with pusher syndrome, according to the Scale for Contraversive Pushing. After initial examination, patients were subsequently invited for a weekly examination until the body's verticality was normalized.
Results. Recovery time from pusher syndrome was significantly longer – 9.0 (95% confidence interval: 7.1–10.4) weeks compared to recovery time from lateropulsion – 5.9 (95% confidence interval: 5.5–6.3) weeks. Among all the studied factors, only spatial hemineglect was a significant independent predictor of a much longer resolution time of lateropulsion (hazard ratio 2.36; 95% confidence interval: 1.20–4.27). The mean duration of lateropulsion in patients with spatial hemineglect was 6.3 (95% confidence interval: 5.8–6.8) weeks, whereas in patients without spatial hemineglect, it was 4.8 (95% confidence interval: 4.3–5.4) weeks. In a subgroup of patients without spatial hemineglect, higher Fazekas scale values were a significant independent predictor of longer resolution time of lateropulsion (hazard ratio 2.38; confidence interval 95%: 1.25–4.48).
Conclusions. After hemispheric strokes recovery time from pusher syndrome is much longer than recovery from lateropulsion. Recovery time from lateropulsion is determined by spatial hemineglect and leukoaraiosis severity.
The transition of the magma plumbing system of Tianchi shield-forming basalts, Changbaishan Volcanic Field, NE China: Constraints from dynamic Fe-Mg diffusion modeling in olivine
Authors: Tian Ye , Hou Tong , Wang Meng , Pan Ronghao , Wang Xudong , Marxer Felix
Published: April 2024

The depths of crustal reservoirs within volcanic systems may experience transitions over time. Here, we report the crystal and bulk rock compositions of the shield-forming basaltic lavas of the Tianchi composite volcano in the intraplate Changbaishan Volcanic Field, NE China, to constrain crustal magmatic evolution with time. We investigated samples covering the entire basaltic stratigraphic sequence, consisting of the Toudao (TD), Baishan (BS), and Laofangzixiaoshan (LFZ) units from bottom to top, respectively. The core compositions of olivine macrocrysts vary among the three units, i.e., the TD and BS olivine phenocrysts can be divided into two populations: a high-Fo population (∼Fo76–80) and a low-Fo population (∼Fo72–74). The LFZ unit only exhibits a high-Fo population (∼Fo77–80). Phase equilibria modeling using rhyolite-MELTS suggests that the high-Fo populations were stored at depths of ∼20 km for the TD and BS units and ∼15 km for the LFZ unit. The low-Fo populations crystallized at shallow depths, i.e., ≤15 km for the TD unit and ≤13 km for the BS unit.

We employ dynamic Fe-Mg interdiffusion modeling with constantly adapting boundary conditions in zoned olivine macrocrysts to constrain the magmatic environments and timescales during the pre- and post-eruption phases, enabling us to clarify the magmatic histories recorded by the two olivine populations. The dynamic Fe-Mg interdiffusion modeling considers the variable boundary conditions caused by crystal growth and composition variations of melts during magma cooling. Calculated results suggest that the high-Fo populations from the TD and BS units recorded prolonged timescales ranging from six months to more than two years with lower cooling rates and slower crystal growth rates. These characteristics reflect a relatively hot and slow-cooling magmatic environment, and the modeled timescales correspond to the sum of the time, including shallow storage, magma ascent, and further cooling within the lava flows. Conversely, the high-Fo population from the LFZ unit and the low-Fo populations from the TD and BS units record shorter timescales (<140 days) with higher cooling rates and faster crystal growth rates. These results indicate relatively cold and highly undercooled magmatic environments; hence, the timescales record magma ascent in the conduits and further cooling during lava emplacement. Our study demonstrates that the Tianchi basaltic plumbing system experienced a structural transition over time. In detail, the TD and BS magmas experienced multi-stage stalling and ascent, first accumulating in deep reservoirs and then ascending to shallow reservoirs for storage before the eruption. The LFZ magmas accumulated in a mid-crustal reservoir, followed by a direct ascent to the surface without additional residence.
BARIATRIC SURGERY FOR TYPE 2 DIABETES IN SAUDI ARABIA: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Authors:   General Surgery Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Arab Nahla , Bamousa Ahmed ,   General Surgery Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Mansour Alshammari Nayef ,   General Surgery Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Badahdah Fatima ,   General Surgery Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Alhussein Mohammed ,   General Surgery Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Al-Balawi Saeed ,   General Surgery Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Al-Enezi Badr ,   General Surgery Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Al-Ghamdi Saleh ,   General Surgery Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Algarni Abdullah ,   General Surgery Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Published: April 2024

Saudi Arabia faces a burgeoning obesity epidemic, with a significant impact on the prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). This comprehensive review examines the effectiveness of bariatric surgery as a pivotal treatment option for managing T2DM in the context of Saudi Arabias socioeconomic and health landscape. Our review highlights the profound impact of bariatric surgery procedures on weight loss and T2DM remission rates, demonstrating a significant advantage over conventional medical management. The review also delves into the socio-cultural factors influencing the obesity and T2DM epidemic in Saudi Arabia, the economic burden of these conditions, and the national strategies implemented to combat them. We further discuss the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to treatment, encompassing lifestyle and dietary modifications, psychological support, and post-operative care, to ensure the long-term success of bariatric interventions. Our findings suggest that bariatric surgery offers a viable and effective treatment modality for T2DM management in Saudi Arabia, underscoring the need for patient-specific treatment planning and the importance of comprehensive post-surgical care. Future research directions include evaluating the long-term outcomes of bariatric surgery and optimizing patient selection criteria to enhance treatment efficacy and patient quality of life.
LA MASTOPATHIELYMPHOCYTAIRE DIABETIQUE BILATERALE : A PROPOS DUN CAS
Authors: Bassir A. , Bouzida M. , Hajji M. , Izig S. , Soummani A.
Published: April 2024

La mastopathie diabetique (MD) est une lesion rare, rencontree dans les diabetes de type I. Les signes cliniques et radiologiques qui lui sont associes sont peu specifiques et peuvent laisser suspecter un cancer mammaire.Elle necessite un examen histologique pour un diagnostic definitif.Ce rapport decrit un cas dune mastopathie diabetiquebilaterale. Une patiente de 36ans, diabetique de type 1 depuis 15 ans et sans antecedents familiaux de cancer du seinsest plainte de mastodynies. Lexamen physique a revele un nodule de 4 x 3 centimetres, mal defini, mobile dans le quadrant externe superieur gauche. La mammographie et lechographie ont revele une zones mal limitee dans le quadrant gauche. Les biopsies par carottage ont revele un parenchyme mammaire dystrophique sans signe de malignite. Une excision large de la tumeur a montre un parenchyme mammaire fibreux avec des infiltrats lymphocytaires, suggerant une mastopathie diabetique levolutionapres un an a ete marque par la bi lateralisation de la lesion.
THE OBJECTIVISTIC POETICS OF FORMALIST CRITICS AND REACTIONARY APPROACHES: AN INSTRUCTIVE ACCOUNT
Authors:   English Department, Sultan Moulay Slimane University., Mahmi , PhD Najah
Published: April 2024

In the general context of literary criticism, the literary work of art has been multi-dimensionally approached through the different and sometimes opposed orientations advanced by literary critics. The multiplicity of these approaches is usually concretized through two main and differently oriented approaches incarnated in the objectivistic poetics of formalist critics and the reactionary approaches that emphasize relatively a non-word constructionist treatment of the literary work. In this respect, the focus of this paper is to highlight the main differences between the two approaches to the literary work of art in the light of the thoughts of the exponent theorists of each approach.
A RARE CASE REPORT- NASAL COLUMELLAR SCHWANNOMA WITH REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Authors:   Professor and HOD, Dept of ENT, Gulbarga Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalburagi., S. Melkundi Renuka , Satish Sapthami ,   Post Graduate, Dept of ENT, Gulbarga Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalburagi., Patil Siddaram ,   Associate Professor, Dept of ENT, Gulbarga Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalburagi., Patel Vasim ,   Assistant Professor, Dept of ENT, Gulbarga Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalburagi.
Published: April 2024

Background: Schwannomas are benign tumors, that originate from Schwann cells. Less than 4% of these tumors arise in the sinonasal tract. Columellar involvement is extremely rare. Case Report: A 16 year old male with 5 months history of bilateral nasal obstruction and swelling in the right nasal cavity presented to our OPD. On physical examination, mass arising from right columellar region associated with hypervascularity observed. The computed tomography revealed heterogenous soft-tissue density in the right anterior nasal cavity. The mass was excised in toto via upper gingivo-buccal incision. An oval, whitish, firm, well-encapsulated mass measuring 2.5Ã—2Ã—1cm was removed. Histopathological examination revealed Antoni A and Antoni B areas. Findings were thereby consistent with the diagnosis of nasal schwannoma. Post-operative course was uneventful. Discussion: Schwannomas are tumors originating from Schwann cells and can occur in various locations, including the head and neck region. Sinonasal schwannomas, though rare, can present with symptoms such as nasal obstruction, epistaxis, and facial swelling. Diagnosis relies on histological examination, while imaging helps delineate lesion extent. Treatment typically involves surgical resection, with different approaches based on tumor location. Notably, schwannomas generally have a low recurrence rate, except in cases associated with neurofibromatosis type 2. Conclusion: Nasal schwannomas are very rare in the sino-nasal tract, however they should be considered as apart of differential diagnosis for nasal masses.
Lamentations and Hopes of Conflict Victims in Sayyidi Ar-Rais Song (Michael Riffaterre Semiotic Analysis)
Authors: Arifina Nur Dina
Published: April 2024

This article aims to analyse the lyrics of an Arabic song entitled Sayyidi ar-Rais by Heba Meshary Hamada using Michael Riffaterre's semiotic theory. The song tells about the conflict between Israel and Palestine. The Israeli- Palestinian conflict that has caught the world's attention, through this song Heba M.H wants to convey a message which is her self-expression of the phenomenon that is happening. She tries to describe the situation and condition of the Palestinian people during the conflict. By using Michael Riffaterre's semiotic theory, the researcher wants to dig deeper into the meanings contained in the lyrics of the song Sayyidi ar-Rais. This research is a qualitative-descriptive research with the type of library research where the data obtained comes from literary sources related to the material objects and formal objects used. Based on the results of an analysis of the lyrics of the song Sayyidi ar-Rais using Michael Riffaterre's semiotic theory, namely through heuristic and hermeneutic reading, it was found that the song Sayyidi ar-Rais describes the lamentation of a Palestinian child who tells of the suffering he and the Palestinian people are experiencing as a result of the conflict with Israel, and hopes for freedom and peace for the land of Palestine and also for its people.
From Uyghur Muslims in China to the Uyghur Diaspora in Southeast Asia: A Political Reflection
Authors: Sahrasad Herdi , Al Chaidar Al Chaidar , Tabrani Dedy , Hasan Pipip A. Rifai
Published: April 2024

This article discusses the problems of the Uyghur Muslims in Xinjiang, People's Republic of China, who have experienced mistreatment and violence from the communist regimes of Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Zhu Rongji, and Xi Jinping. Despite facing this treatment, the Uyghur Muslim minority has received criticism and negative labels for their resistance. The world community has also shown little attention to the Uyghur issue. This article aims to reveal the dynamics among Uyghur Muslims as they shift from nationalistic interests to their participation in acts of terrorism. This article uses a descriptive-analytical qualitative method based on data obtained from interviews, documents and literature studies. This article also explores the novelty of this topic by discussing the impact and implications of Uyghur Muslim involvement in global jihadist groups. For example, this article shows that thousands of Uyghur Muslims have become diasporas in other countries (Turkey, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Middle East, Southeast Asia, etc.) seeking solutions to their problems, while being in a difficult and disadvantageous position . This article also explores the magnitude and extent of the activities and presence of Uyghur Muslims in Indonesia, such as in Aceh, Jakarta and Papua.
Effect of Nervous System on Cognitive Functions in Foreign Students
Authors: Varich Lidiya , Zhelonkina Elena , Nemolochnaia Nina
Published: April 2024

The research identified and described the correlation between the nervous system and the cognitive profile in foreign university students. The quantitative properties of cognitive functions included short-term memory, concentration, and combinatorial thinking. The indicators and their neurodynamic features were subjected to an integrated cognitive approach. The neurodynamic indicators included the rate of simple visual-motor reaction, functional mobility of nervous processes, equilibrium of the nervous system in response to a moving object, and nervous system stability in terms of brain performance. Unlike the Russian control group, the foreign students demonstrated a slow inhibition – excitation cycle and a poor visual memory for numbers and words. The control group had a stronger nervous system with a higher degree of activation. In the test group, the cognitive functions depended on the expression degree of nervous processes. Students with a weaker nervous system demonstrated a lower level of simple and complex visual-motor reaction and functional mobility of nervous processes: they made more errors in the test tasks. Those with a stabler nervous system showed better combinatorial thinking abilities and concentration. The indicators of mechanical and semantic memory did not correlate with the nervous system stability.
Semiotic Codes of Chinese Culture
Authors: Zaborskaya Dar'ya , Olenev Stanislav , Chzhao Yan'
Published: April 2024

Semiotic systems transmit cultural information. Efficient semiotic transmission is concise, fast, and with minimal pragmatic or semantic losses. Nations strive to preserve and communicate information that expresses the specificity of their culture. This research systematized the available data on semiotic systems that encode Chinese culture outside China. The research relied on conceptual and terminological methods of cognitive linguistics, culturology, and general scientific methods, i.e., synthesis, analysis, and comparison. The authors divided semiotic systems into heterogeneous hierarchical levels, represented by territorial, landscape, ritual, and artifact semiotic systems: 1) urban space; 2) ritual and ceremonial practices; 3) dances; 4) landscape singularity; 5) goodwill talismans. The classification made it possible to optimize work with cultural semiotics, as well as to minimize the barrier of semiotic recognition and prevent data distortion, thus facilitating approximation during mutual cultural integration while maintaining cultural specificity. The research prospects include a comparative analysis of the semiotic systems of Chinese culture inside and outside China.
Legislative Basis for the Development of Agglomerations in the Kemerovo Region (Kuzbass)
Authors: Lisina Natal'ya , Ushakova Aleksandra , Baev Viacheslav
Published: April 2024

The article describes the legal foundations behind the development of agglomerations in Kuzbass based on the local law and the best practices in other regions. A balanced socio-economic and ecological development of agglomerations depends on the legal status of agglomeration and the legal actions necessary to obtain this status. An effective management of agglomeration processes requires special management bodies. The Kemerovo Region is relatively new to agglomeration development. The success of agglomeration processes largely depends on the quality of the regional regulatory laws since no proper legal regulation exists at the federal level. According to the regional Law on the Development of Agglomerations in the Kemerovo Region, urban agglomerations are a new type of special territorial units with special management goals and objectives. The best practice analysis resulted in a number of proposals aimed at improving the legal regulation of agglomeration processes in the Kemerovo Region. The regional law needs strategies and concepts of urban development, inter-municipal cooperation agreements, and a Coordinating Council to unify documentation on territorial planning and urban zoning.
The Biy Council as an Archetype of Traditional Legal Culture of Kazakh in the XXI Century (from a Series of Articles on Archetypes)
Authors: Bakirova Aygul'
Published: April 2024

The Biy Council in its modern and innovative version is a test for this traditional institution. The present research used a comparative legal approach to study various models of traditional institutions in the legal system of Kazakhstan. This article discusses the archetypes of the traditional legal culture of the Kazakhs, namely the judicial proceedings by the biys, which were used by the Kazakhs for many centuries in resolving legal conflicts and controversial issues of nomadic life. The article explains the reasons behind the revival of this archetype and the legal status of the biys. According to the statistics, the percentage of pre-trial resolution of cases by the Biy Council keeps increasing, thus relieving the burden on the first and second instance courts. The decisions made by the biys are not contested and are executed by the parties, which also reduces the load on the courts of general jurisdiction in the country. The Kazakh legal system is based on customs and the Muslim law, which makes the development of customary law in the Kazakh steppe predominantly practical. The article introduces some cases resolved by the modern biys and provides statistics on the number of disputes considered. The author also sums up the extent to which borrowing of traditions is necessary at the present time.
Burst detection in district metering areas using flow subsequences clustering–reconstruction analysis
Authors: Zhao Mengke , Liu Haixing , Li Gengyan , Zhang Chi
Published: April 2024

Frequent burst events in water distribution systems cause severe water loss and other environmental issues such as contamination and carbon emissions. The availability of massive monitored data has facilitated the development of data-driven burst detection methods. This paper proposes the flow subsequences clustering–reconstruction analysis method for burst detection in district metering areas (DMAs). The sliding window is used to create flow subsequence libraries for all time points of a day using a historical data set and thereafter the clustering–reconstruction analysis is conducted to obtain flow pattern libraries and reconstruction error subsequences. The threshold vector is determined by the detection matrix extracted from the reconstruction error subsequences at each time point. At the detection stage, the new flow subsequence is created and its reconstruction version is obtained based on the flow pattern library at the same time point. The new detection vector is extracted and compared with the threshold vector to identify bursts. The proposed method is applied to two real-world DMAs and its detection performance is demonstrated and compared with two previous methods. The proposed method is proven to be effective in detecting burst events with fewer false alarms.
Educação e memória
Authors: Pinheiro Marinaldo Pantoja , França Maria do Perpétuo Socorro Gomes de Souza Avelino de
Published: April 2024

O artigo analisa a relação entre educação, memória e a função social dos anciãos na cultura Tupinambá, destacando como essa relação contribuiu para a preservação e transmissão de conhecimentos e valores culturais dessa comunidade indígena, no período de 1612 a 1614. As fontes históricas são as crônicas de viagens dos padres Claude d’Abbeville e Yves d’Evreux, compiladas nas obras “História da Missão dos Padres Capuchinhos na Ilha do Maranhão e terras circunvizinhas” e “Viagem ao norte do Brasil: feita nos anos de 1612 a 1614”, publicadas respectivamente em 1614 e 1874. Por meio de análise de referencial bibliográfico – mormente Abbeville (2008), Evreux (2002), Menezes (1995), Vernant (1973) e Zumthor (1997), atesta-se que os anciãos contribuíram para a preservação da memória e educação dos mais jovens, pois eram os guardiões e transmissores dos saberes e práticas ancestrais.
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Anti-VEGF Drugs for the Management of Diabetic Retinopathy: An Overview
Authors: Khandelwal Aman , Gowthamarajan Kuppusamy , Nirmal Jayabalan , Ponnusankar S.
Published: April 2024

The discovery of antivascular endothelial growth factor medications has resulted in a
substantial change in diabetic retinopathy treatment. The most common cause of diabetic retinopathy
blindness is Diabetic Macular Edema. The pathophysiology of Diabetic Macular Edema
is thought to include the well-known pro-angiogenic and pro-permeability factor vascular endothelial
growth factor. Over the past decade, drugs that impede the functions of vascular endothelial
growth factors have established themselves as a standard-of-care treatment for a range of ocular
ailments and improved patients' clinical results with diabetic retinopathy and Diabetic
Macular Edema, and their frequency has grown exponentially with the introduction of these
agents Pegaptanib, Ranibizumab, and Aflibercept which are approved for ophthalmic indications,
while Bevacizumab is used off-label. These medications delivered intravitreally have halted
the vascular development of diabetic retinopathy. Various randomized trials have proven that
antivascular endothelial growth factor medication is safe and effective in preserving vision. Following
an extensive period of preclinical development aimed at enhancing and defining its biological
impacts, these drugs were shown in clinical trials to be effective in treating diabetic retinopathy
and other ophthalmic conditions. Data from various sources suggest that Pegaptanib,
Ranibizumab, and Aflibercept are costly, while Bevacizumab is cost-effective, and in low and
middle-income nations, it is thus a desirable therapy choice. However, issues with compounding,
counterfeiting, and off-label usage restrict its availability in many nations. The pharmacology,
pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, adverse effects, and contraindications of antivascular endothelial
growth factor agents are discussed, and the results of clinical trials evaluating their efficacy
are summarized.
Assessing IGS Network and Free Web-based Online GPS Services Accuracy with Session-duration Variation
Authors: Ghollam Mohammed M.A. , Fawaz Essam M. , Elshewy Mohamed A. , Mohamed Mostafa H. A.
Published: April 2024

Background

The objective of this research was to evaluate online Post-Processing Services (PPSs) and Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) software in order to determine the significance of space geodesy techniques in assessing accurate coordinates for mega projects worldwide.

Methods

Principally, literature in the field of space geodesy techniques was assembled and scrutinized. Trimble R4 was utilized to observe 4 ground surfaces (i.e., asphalt, grass, sand and concrete), in Al-Azhar University, throughout 5 Session-Durations “SD” (i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 hr.). The observed results were processed by TBC (i.e., It utilizes the International GNSS Service “IGS” network) and by 3 online services (i.e., Trimble Center Point RTX, AUSPOS and CSRS-PPP). Results were obtained, contrasted, and analyzed.

Results

The IGS results were compared in terms of SD, where it was clear that, regardless of surface type, SD has an insignificant influence on Easting, as Northing, but has an influence on elevation accuracy, especially for the 2hr-SD. In addition, the 3 online software services were contrasted against IGS results in terms of the different SDs, where it was clear that, regardless of the surface type, AUSPOS, CSRS-PPP and Trimble-RTX accuracies were arranged in ascending order, the 3hr-SD achieved accurate Easting so as Northing; while IGS 5hr-SD provided optimal elevation accuracy.

Conclusion

Accordingly, the research recommended that GNSS users make informed decisions according to the accuracy requirements due to time constraints while establishing data processing strategies to designate strengths and weaknesses of processing and to optimize GNSS data processing applications.
Study on the Interaction Mechanism of Segments in the Stratum of TBM Tunnels Undercrossing Existing Buildings
Authors: Dapeng Liu , Ke Wu , Wenbin Xu , Zhongyu Dou , Zhenhua Liu , Jie Sun
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Surface settlement caused by tunnel excavation is an inevitable phenomenon in urban subway tunnel construction, which may cause irreversible damage to the ground roads, buildings, etc., if not controlled. Therefore, reasonable prediction and control of surface settlement are essential to ensure the safety and efficiency of tunnel construction.

Methods

Based on the numerical analysis method, this paper establishes a three-dimensional mechanical calculation model of a TBM tunnel (diameter 6 m) crossing existing buildings (4-story frame structure) and studies the influence law of tunnel excavation on stratum deformation and segment stress.

Results

The results show that (1) the stress and displacement of the segments vary with the position, and the segments under the building are most affected by the building, whose vertical stress is much greater than the horizontal stress. (2) The vertical displacement of the segments is the largest at the vault and arch bottom and increases with the segments approaching the building, while the horizontal displacement is the largest at the arch waist and shows negative values along the tunnel axis. (3) When the tunnel is excavated to a distance of one tunnel diameter from the building, the building will be affected. If the stratum is unstable, it may cause the collapse of the excavation face or surface settlement, which may result in building inclination, cracking or uneven settlement.

Conclusion

The research results of this paper can provide a reference for the construction parameter optimization and risk control of TBM tunnel crossing existing buildings.
Intraoral Retrieval of a Displaced Impacted Lower Third Molar into Submandibular Space: A Case Report
Authors: Khalil Abdulkarim , Nohily Yamen , Mohammed Adham , Albash Ziad
Published: April 2024

Background

The displacement of the impacted lower third molar into Submandibular Space is a rare complication during impaction surgery. Removal of a displaced impacted molar from the submandibular space can be complicated by poor visibility and limited accessibility.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the intraoral approach in the retrieval of displaced impacted lower molar into submandibular space.

Case Presentation

The present case is of a 50-year-old male patient who underwent a surgical procedure to extract the impacted lower third molar about a month ago, which led to its displacement into the submandibular space. The location and angulation of the molar were determined through radiographic examination using panoramic imaging and computed tomography. The displaced molar was retrieved surgically under general anesthesia using the intraoral approach. The patient was followed-up for 1 month regularly. The postoperative symptoms were limited, including pain, swelling, and trismus. No numbness was observed in the tongue.

Conclusion

We concluded that the intraoral approach was a conservative and effective option for retrieval of displaced impacted mandibular third molars into submandibular space.
Pathological Mandible Fracture Resulting from Osteomyelitis after Third Molar Removal: A Case Study
Authors: Soares Pereira Rebeca Valeska , Amorim Gomes Ana Claudia , de Sousa Andrade Clenia Emanuela , Uchôa Caio Pimenteira , da Silva Oliveira Nadja Maria , da Cunha Filho Fernando Antônio Portela , de Souza Andrade Emanuel Savio
Published: April 2024

Objective

The study aimed to report a case of late mandibular fracture after osteomyelitis associated with post-extraction trauma of an impacted third molar.

Case Report

A male patient, 48 years old, sought oral and maxillofacial surgery service after 2 months of extraction with edema on the left side of the face, limited mouth opening, and spontaneous pain. The tomographic examination showed an area of bone resorption at a mandibular angle starting from the alveolus region of the tooth 38. Associating the clinical and imaging characteristics, the diagnosis of osteomyelitis was established. The patient became well due to the drug treatment and did not present any more complaints. Within 12 months after the extraction, the patient returned to the service with a new increase in volume, in the posterior region of the mandible, with mandibular mobility under manipulation, as well as signs of infection. A new CT showed the presence of a pathological fracture in the region, requiring a surgical approach for local debridement and fracture repair with the use of a reconstruction plate.

Conclusion

The case presented is an uncommon late postoperative complication after third molar extraction, which demonstrates the importance of monitoring the patient with osteomyelitis, in order to avoid worsening bone involvement and consequent pathological fracture.
Assessment of Cutibacterium acnes: Acne Biofilm, Comedones, and Future Treatments for Acne
Authors: Burkhart Craig G.
Published: April 2024

Cutibacterium acnes (C.acnes) is a skin commensal organism that controls the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Additionally, the organism can become an opportunistic pathogen, causing acne and post-surgical prosthetic infections. The outcome of acne depends on Cutibacterium subtypes, virulence factors, and microbial equilibrium. This organism makes a biological glue that is essential for biofilm formation, but its overabundance makes its way into the sebum. This sebum slowly reaches the upper layer of the hair unit along with dead cells from the keratinocyte layer, causing comedones. Treatments in the pipeline include tumor necrosis factors (biologics), various agents attacking biofilm viability, phage therapy, and vaccinations against virulence factors produced by C. acnes.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of Patients with COVID-19 Severe/Critical Category: A Review
Authors: Pramanti Arsenila D. , Barliana Melisa I. , Lestari Keri
Published: April 2024

COVID-19 has developed into a public health emergency of international concern and is a major threat to global health. Several studies have been conducted with the aim of dampening the inflammatory response in COVID-19 patients. To dampen the cytokine storm, some therapies immunotargeting IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, and TNFα are being evaluated and one of the promising immune modulators is mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs have the beneficial effect of preventing or attenuating cytokine storms by secreting potent anti-inflammatory factors and addressing the severity of the COVID-19 infection.

This study examines the mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of patients with COVID-19 severe/critical category.
This literature review outlines the therapeutic effectiveness of MSCs in the treatment of COVID-19 in the critically ill patient category.

Several research showed that the administration of MSC therapy in COVID-19 patients has significant clinical improvement results, normalized the vital signs of patients, reduced the severity and reduced mortality. In addition, overall treatment with MCS did not cause side effects.
Prevalent Clinical Assessments of HIV Positive Infants in a South African District Hospital
Authors: Ngoyi Kavofuku , Hlabyago Kefilwe , Ogunbanjo Gboyega , Steyn Carien , Bongongo Tombo
Published: April 2024

Background

HIV/Aids continues to be a major factor in the morbidity and mortality of children in South Africa. Despite the implementation of new guidelines to lower mother-to-child transmission in the country, some infants are admitted to hospitals undetected and or in alarming conditions.

Aim

To determine the most prevalent clinical assessments of HIV-positive infants admitted at Odi District Hospital, South Africa.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study based on a retrospective records review of all HIV-positive infants admitted at Odi District Hospital in Pretoria from the 1st January 2010 to 31st December 2012.

Results

Only 10.2% of the 962 files of infants admitted to Odi Hospital were HIV-positive infants, with the majority (58.2%) in the 7–12-month age range and a high admission rate (57.1%) for males. Twenty-five percent of infants had a diagnosis prior to admission. There were 44.9% lower respiratory tract infections, 25.5% malnutrition and failure to thrive, 2.4% gastroenteritis, 2% meningitis, 2% febrile convulsions, and other diseases like encephalopathy and dehydration.

Conclusion

The current study has presented lower respiratory tract infection as the most prevalent clinical assessment and cause of morbidity among HIV-positive infants admitted at Odi District Hospital in Pretoria, South Africa. In order to provide a comprehensive view of the issue, additional studies with large sample sizes are advised.

What This Study Adds

The study presents the prevalence of associated clinical conditions among infants with HIV/AIDS, listed in descending order at a South African district level of care.
Perceptions of Medication Adherence among Elderly Patients with Hypertension in Bangkok: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Kongsa Apichaya , Thongsri Praleena , Chiangkhong Araya , Chongjarearn Angkana
Published: April 2024

Background

Hypertension, a major global health issue associated with cardiovascular diseases, requires effective management, primarily through medication adherence. This study, conducted in a culturally diverse city, Bangkok, investigated elderly hypertensive patients' perceptions and adherence behaviors.

Objective

The study aimed to explore the nuanced perceptions and experiences influencing medication adherence among elderly hypertensive patients in Bangkok.

Methods

A qualitative approach was adopted for this study, involving detailed interviews with 25 elderly Thai individuals diagnosed with hypertension. Data were gathered over a six-month timeframe. Thematic content analysis was employed to deeply analyze the individuals’ experiences and perceptions, aiming for a richer understanding.

Results

Four primary themes emerged regarding participants' views on hypertension medication. The first theme centered on apprehensions about the long-term use of medication, particularly fears of liver and kidney damage affecting adherence. The second theme highlighted a preference for traditional remedies, like moringa, ginger, and garlic over standard pharmaceuticals, with limited discussion with healthcare providers. The third theme tackled myths surrounding hypertensive medication, such as misconceptions about drug interchangeability and the chronic nature of the condition. The final theme focused on beliefs about the recurrent or untreatable nature of hypertension, leading some to favor lifestyle modifications over regular medication use.

Conclusion

This study sheds light on the complex factors affecting medication adherence in elderly hypertensive patients in Bangkok, emphasizing the need for culturally sensitive, patient-centered interventions. It advocates for holistic hypertension management that considers patient perspectives and cultural context to improve outcomes.
Habilidades digitales en la formación docente con Flip de Microsoft
Authors: Massuh Villavicencio Carlos , Armendáriz Zambrano Christian
Published: April 2024

El estudio se enfoca en el desarrollo de habilidades digitales en estudiantes de formación docente de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana de Guayaquil a través de la plataforma Flip de Microsoft. El objetivo principal es evaluar estas habilidades e identificar áreas de mejora. La metodología combina revisión bibliográfica, la experiencia de los autores en el uso de las tecnologías y una encuesta con 30 estudiantes, utilizando una escala de Likert de cinco niveles. Los resultados indican competencia tecnológica, diseño de materiales digitales, comunicación en línea y pensamiento crítico positivos entre los estudiantes que usaron Flip. Sin embargo, se identificaron áreas a mejorar, como la alfabetización digital y la gestión de datos y privacidad. La discusión resalta la importancia de estas competencias en la formación docente y su relevancia en la educación actual. Se recomienda fortalecer la alfabetización digital, abordar la privacidad de datos y promover la colaboración en línea y el aprendizaje continuo para preparar a los futuros educadores en entornos digitales en constante evolución.