bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Learning Analytics as a Tool for Planning, Evaluating, and Improving a SMOOC for Teacher Professional Development
Authors: Gomes de Gusmão Cristine Martins , Machiavelli Josiane Lemos , Cavalcante Patricia Smith
Published: February 2021

This chapter describes how a public university has met the challenge of changing inside the educational culture and preparing its teachers to manage online teaching-learning processes using learning analytics to contribute to the design, evaluation, and improvement of SMOOC. From the results obtained with a survey answered by the teachers, a twenty-hour class SMOOC was developed that focuses on instrumental aspects of digital technological resources in the teaching and learning contexts, as well as in the pedagogical issues, which concern the appropriate use of digital technologies. The findings of this research demonstrate that the SMOOC has been able to meet the teacher training needs, which are changing the way they work since remote education has been the viable alternative to guarantee the functioning of the university in the coronavirus pandemic period. However, it is believed that the knowledge that teachers are acquiring will contribute to changes in professional practice even post-pandemic.
Big Data Analysis
Authors: Sharma Arpit Kumar , Dhaka Arvind , Nandal Amita , Swastik Kumar , Kumari Sunita
Published: February 2021

The meaning of the term “big data” can be inferred by its name itself (i.e., the collection of large structured or unstructured data sets). In addition to their huge quantity, these data sets are so complex that they cannot be analyzed in any way using the conventional data handling software and hardware tools. If processed judiciously, big data can prove to be a huge advantage for the industries using it. Due to its usefulness, studies are being conducted to create methods to handle the big data. Knowledge extraction from big data is very important. Other than this, there is no purpose for accumulating such volumes of data. Cloud computing is a powerful tool which provides a platform for the storage and computation of massive amounts of data.
Survey on Digital Signal Processing for FMCW Radar
Authors: Ansari Naseemuddin , Sharma Virendra K. , Sharma Sanjeev , Singh Vinod Kumar
Published: February 2021

In the ongoing years, the radar innovation, once utilized dominatingly in the military, has begun to rise in various regular citizen applications. One of the regions that this innovation showed up is car automation. The danger of crash is incremented as the quantity of vehicles out. Versatile voyage control, pre-crash, and cautioning are a portion of the utilizations of car radar which are as of now being used in numerous autos. The eventual fate of the car business guarantees to offer a completely self-ruling auto that can drive itself with no driver help. These vehicles will require great radar sensors that can give exact data about the encompassing of the vehicle. These sensors will likewise require a figuring stage that can guarantee constant handling of the received signals. It is discovered that digital signal processing comprises of 3D FFT and framework augmentation handling. As an elective preparing stage, a FPGA/ASIC stage can be utilized to actualize of the calculation to meet the ongoing imperatives of car applications.
A Diamond Cut Leather Substrate Antenna for BAN (Body Area Network) Application
Authors: Agrawal Raghav , Sharma Pramod , Saxena Anurag
Published: February 2021

In this chapter, a diamond cut shape antenna has been simulated under CST software using twisting material (i.e., leather). The dielectric constant of leather material is 1.655. For antenna to be twist, leather substrate is used. The return loss of this newly design diamond cut shaped antenna is -35 dB at 5.5467 GHz resonant frequency. This type of antenna can be useful in BAN (body area network) applications. In this chapter, simulated results like return loss graph, 3-D pattern, and polar plot are presented.
Low Cost Compact Flexible Textile Antenna With Partial Ground
Authors: Loni Janabeg , Tripathi Anand Kumar , Singh Vinod Kumar
Published: February 2021

In this chapter, a low cost compact flexible textile antenna is presented that has low cost due to partial ground plane, and the anticipated antenna is suitable for different wireless applications. The proposed antenna is utilized as a line feed and simulated from 2GHz to 8GHz frequency. The impedance bandwidth of proposed antenna is 106.30% at -10 dB reflection coefficient. The anticipated design simulated with CST software to achieve directivity at resonant frequency 3.2 GHz is 3.609dBi and at 4.8 GHz is 4.519 dBi.
Optimization of Textile Antennas Using Flexible Dielectric Material
Authors: Rani Deepa , Jaiswal S. K. , Singh Vinod Kumar , Singh Nikhil Kumar
Published: February 2021

In this chapter, bendable textile antenna with partial ground plane is proposed. The anticipated antenna is made of jeans substrate which acts as a flexible material. The anticipated antenna is compared with some earlier published papers. The CST microwave studio is used to model the anticipated antenna, and after simulation, various results are obtained. The anticipated antenna has been provided the bandwidth from 1.90 GHz to 6.81 GHz having wide bandwidth of 112.74%. The designed antenna is suitable for wideband and Bluetooth application.
A Study of Smart Grid Systems
Authors: Mitra Uliya , Dubey Vikas
Published: February 2021

In the 21st century, energy supply has been one of the challenging issues that the world is facing. This is due to growing populations which results in more homes, businesses, and industries and has resulted in a large number of new appliances that increased the energy demand to a new level. The electric system we are using today is a one-way energy flow. Smart grid has emerged as the solution of continuously increasing demand. It is the future of electric energy system and also the power grid for upcoming generations. SG system works on the dual technique, that is, it counts electricity flow and the information which could deliver and distribute the energy universally by automating the existing electrical network.
Design of a New Single Phase 7-Level Reduced Switches Count Multilevel Inverter Topology
Authors: Agrawal Nikhil , Chourasia Dev Prakash , Khare Bharat Bhushan
Published: February 2021

This chapter presents a new single-phase multilevel inverter topology. This topology requires fewer components in comparison to conventional multilevel inverter topology such as diode clamped, flying capacitor, and cascade h-bridge inverter. In this topology, no extra clamping diode and no extra clamping capacitor are required for operation. This chapter also presents the control and modulation techniques. These techniques applied on this proposed MLI topology and simulation result are calculated with the help of MATLAB/SIMULINK software and are compared on the basis of THD with over and under modulation index.
Racket Shape Textile Antenna for Triple-Band Frequency Applications
Authors: Lohia Akanksha , Pal Jyotsna , Kushwaha Nishi , Shreevas Supriya
Published: February 2021

The chapter explores a racket shaped antenna that operates in triple band frequency configuration. The main advantage of this antenna is that the design uses wearable textile material as a substrate. Here, jeans material is used as a substrate whose dielectric constant is 1.7 and thickness is 1mm. The designing and simulation are done with the help of CST software. The anticipated antenna operates in C-band and X-band providing three resonant frequencies 7.335GHz, 8 GHz, and 8.38 GHz. Different analyses have been done using CST software based on parameters like return loss, radiation pattern, smith chart, polarization, etc. For obtaining the best result, parametric study has also been done by varying the geometry of the design.
Minecraft Our City, an Erasmus Project in Virtual World
Authors: Boniello Annalisa A. B. , Conti Alessandra A. C.
Published: February 2021

Virtual worlds (VWs) offer alternative learning environments for geoscience education and give students a feeling of “being there.” In fact, VWs are also immersive environments that enable situated learning and constructivist learning in accordance with the Vygotsky theory, because the learner is inside an “imaginary” world context. In this environment, many activities and experiences can take place as scaffolding, cooperative learning, peer-to-peer and peer evaluation, coaching, scientific inquiry. Therefore, VWs can be a new technology to motivate students and provide the educational opportunities to learn in a socially interactive learning community. In the literature already, some studies report experiences carried out to investigate the effectiveness of virtual worlds in education. In the world, there are virtual worlds used for education such as Opensim and Samsara. Minecraft (https://www.minecraft.net/en-us/) is a virtual world used by new generations specially.
Techland
Authors: Occhioni Michelina , Paris Eleonora
Published: February 2021

Techland is a virtual world completely focused on math and science (geosciences, chemistry, biology) for K6-K8 students, which has been well tested for school activities and projects in an Italian middle school. Recently, Techland has made a slowly transition from a general STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) world to a more specific and contextualized environment, with the aim to apply scientific concepts to the challenge that our society has to face today: climate change, exploitation of raw materials, pollution/remediation, green energy. Themes like circular and shared economy, sustainability, ONU Agenda 2030 Sustainable Development Goals are becoming more and more important in education. Therefore, Techland virtual environments have been expanded and improved and new environments have been created. An interdisciplinary perspective has been adopted to treat environmental themes using an inquiry-based learning methodology (IBL) adapted to virtual worlds and activities based on collaborative building, storytelling (machinima videos), and gamification.
Challenges and Research in Virtual Worlds and Augmented Reality in the Educational Field
Authors: Nunes Felipe Becker , Herpich Fabrício , Figueiredo Oliveira Maria Angélica , Hannel Kelly
Published: February 2021

New technologies and opportunities to modernize and make teaching more dynamic emerge, as well as to switch from the ordinary traditional teaching method to a different format, which makes the student the protagonist of the construction of his knowledge. It is precisely in this context that new forms of use of technology in the educational field emerge, among which are the virtual worlds (MV) and augmented reality (AR), which are the objects of analysis in this chapter. Taking the basic premises on these topics, this chapter aims to help the reader understand the process of development and application of virtual worlds and augmented reality in education in order to discuss the inherent difficulties, practicalities, advantages, challenges, and trends. Thus, this chapter aimed to present the reader with the importance of reflecting on this context, seeking to show how each of these technologies has been applied in the educational field, being based on reports of empirical and academic experiences of the authors and other researchers.
Affordances in Virtual World Learning Communities
Authors: DuQuette Jean-Paul Lafayette
Published: February 2021

Since the 2000s, much has been made of the potential technological affordances of virtual world education and training. However, despite their potential utilization for useful simulations, virtual worlds are first and foremost open, social platforms. In this chapter, the author will explore both the technical affordances and the oft-ignored social affordances of virtual world learning groups. Drawing from the literature and over a decade of experience with learning communities in Linden Lab's Second Life, the author will use ethnographic data gleaned from participant observation in two very different learning groups to develop a basic taxonomy of technical and social affordances in avatar-based multi-user online environments. It is hoped that through the rubric provided, educators, researchers, and technology stewards will have a clearer understanding of both the possible benefits and the drawbacks of hosting learning communities in this environment.
How Can Education Use Artificial Intelligence?
Authors: Pacchiega Claudio
Published: February 2021

AI, artificial intelligence, has recently made a big leap, especially in the field of ANI (artificial narrowed intelligence), meaning that now we are starting to have decent tools that can be useful in teaching. After the surge in importance of the distant learning techniques due to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, many educators have found themselves lost in dealing with an overwhelming excess of electronic information from their students, either via chat, email, documents, videos, or multimedia material. This chapter tries to delve into the difficulties of using affordable techniques for generating valid synthetic information such as rating homework or understanding if students are correctly following distant lessons. Since this is still an early subject, much more study and tests must be done to understand the full usability of automated AI tools in this (educational) context.
Computers and Artificial Intelligence in Future Education
Authors: Voskoglou Michael
Published: February 2021

This chapter focuses on the role computers and artificial intelligence could play for future education in our modern society of knowledge and globalization. The rapid industrial and technological development of the last 150 years has caused radical changes to the traditional human society. As a result, formal education at all levels, from elementary to tertiary, faces the great challenge of preparing students for the forthcoming era of a new but not yet well-known industrial revolution, characterized by the internet of things and energy and the cyber-physical systems controlled through it. It is concluded that it is unlikely for computers and other “clever” AI machines to replace teachers in the future, because all these devices were created and programmed by humans. It is therefore logical to accept that they will never be able to achieve the quality and independence of human thought. However, it is certain that the role of the teacher will dramatically change in future classrooms.
Tailoring Humans
Authors: Huidu Alexandra
Published: February 2021

What began as an attempt to eradicate serious illnesses seems to have become, in some cases, under the impetus of human imagination and technological evolution, an exercise by which scientists come to compete with the attributes of divinity: augmenting human beings at a basic level that affects the identity of the species. Genetic engineering for medical purposes has created the premises for the existence of technologies that can be used for other agendas, without medical purpose, in order to bioenhance the characteristics of the human individual. The genetic inheritance we leave to future generations is now under our control, because we are able to manipulate our germinal line. Hybrid embryos and chimeric embryos, although still in the experimental stage, can become a reality in relatively short time. But just because we can, do we have the right to do it? Do we need all of this and, if so, to what extent? What are the limits and who or what sets the standards? These are the questions that this chapter addresses from an ethical perspective.
The Techoethical Ethos of Technic Self-Determination
Authors: Cortese Francesco Albert Bosco
Published: February 2021

This chapter addresses concerns that the development and proliferation of human enhancement technologies (HET) will be dehumanizing and a threat to our autonomy and sovereignty as individuals. The chapter argues contrarily that HET constitutes nothing less than one of the most effective foreseeable means of increasing the autonomy and sovereignty of individual members of society. Furthermore, it elaborates the position that the use of HET exemplifies—and indeed even intensifies—our most human capacity and faculty, namely the desire for increased self-determination, which is referred to as the will toward self-determination. Based upon this position, the chapter argues that the use of HET bears fundamental ontological continuity with the human condition in general and with the historically ubiquitous will toward self-determination in particular. HET will not be a dehumanizing force, but will rather serve to increase the very capacity that characterizes us as human more accurately than anything else.
Ethical Issues in Transhumanism
Authors: Karaman Faruk
Published: February 2021

Transhumanism seems to be inevitable. There seems to be no way to stop the developments leading humanity to transhumanism. As Heidegger puts, technological determinism rules, rather than social determinism. In other words, the technology controls the society, not the other way around. Therefore, in a short time period, people will be forced to face the challenges of transhumanism. It is therefore the right time to prepare for those challenges before they became mainstream. Tomorrow, it will be too late. Academicians, educators, politicians, philosophers, intellectuals, psychologists … etc. all should concentrate on the issue. This chapter will try to answer such questions and many others. A philosophical approach is used. After all, ethics is a branch of philosophy. Since, this is a futuristic topic, it is hard to find first-hand data and conduct survey analysis etc. Therefore, this is a theoretical chapter.
Investigation of Human Locomotion With a Powered Lower Limb Exoskeleton
Authors: Jatsun Sergey Fedorovich , Yatsun Andrey , Savin Sergei
Published: February 2021

In this chapter, the lower limb exoskeleton is studied. The roles of the exoskeleton both as a measurement device for studying human locomotion and as an assistive device that restores the human ability to walk are discussed. Particular attention is given to the investigation of the role of the pressure sensors and other devices that allow us to measure normal reactions at the contact points with the supporting surface and also detect these contacts. The way the geometry of the supporting surface affects the sensors system of the robot is considered, and new designs for feet sensor system are proposed. These include elastic foot, a foot with actuated sensors, and a foot with spring-damper systems.
Design of a Prosthetic Ankle Complex
Authors: Bhuyan Dheeman , Kumar Kaushik
Published: February 2021

Nature has, over a large span of geological time, engineered near perfect solutions to most problems humans face today. Motion of the limbs is one such area, and the cutting edge in the development of effective prostheses is biomimetics. Limb prostheses have been used by mankind for the better part of known history, and most of the technology currently available in prosthetics is not exclusively new. However, modern prosthetics either are uncomfortable—and the lack of flexion affects the gait of the patient—or too expensive for a large segment of the populace. This chapter seeks to study the mimicry of physiological systems through the design for an ankle prosthesis that includes a passive damper and mimics the shape and behavior of the natural ankle joint.
The Cochlear Implant as an Epistemic Thing
Authors: Spöhrer Markus
Published: February 2021

This chapter examines the translations and (de)stabilizations of the cochlear implant, a subcutaneous prosthesis that is subject to ethical and judicial controversies. By looking at medical, social, and scientific contexts, the CI will be described as a technical object ascribed with certain attributes providing technical stability in those contexts that treat it and practice it as a scientific fact, a “technical thing.” Scientific communities stabilize technical things by rigorously excluding attributes of the “social.” However, the CI is designed to enable participation, to “gap” the supposed “disability” of not being able to hear, attributing a certain instability to it. The chapter will theoretically and methodologically approach such processes of (de)stabilization and transformation by making use of ANT and Hans-Jörg Rheinbergers concept of technical and epistemic things. This will be illustrated by analyzing certain discourses used as illustrations for the successful communication between implanted children and their parents in practical guides for parents with deaf children.
Self-Determination Calibration for Cochlear Implant Rehabilitation
Authors: Politis Dionysios , Aidona Sophia , Stagiopoulos Petros , Kyriafinis Georgios , Constantinidis Jannis
Published: February 2021

Cochlear implantation is a well-established therapeutic approach for deaf or hearing-impaired patients. After the medical intervention, which aims to restore hearing, subjects undergo rehabilitation procedures in order to cure instructional disadvantages, problematic schooling circumstances, or deficits in their sociability. Essential physical, mental, social, and cognitive skills are taken into perspective, as the prerequisite of a notable aptitude determines the suitability of a subject to get professional and communal roles. Quality of life, as an indicator, provides the metrics that demonstrate the level of adoption with established norms.
Biomedical Nanotechnology
Authors: Çakır Hatır Pınar
Published: February 2021

This chapter aims to provide an overview of recent studies in the field of biomedical nanotechnology, which is described as the combination of biology and nanotechnology. The field includes innovations such as the improvement of biological processes at the nanoscale, the development of specific biomaterials, and the design of accurate measurement devices. Biomedical nanotechnology also serves areas like the development of intelligent drug delivery systems and controlled release systems, tissue engineering, nanorobotics (nanomachines), lab-on-a-chip, point of care, and nanobiosensor development. This chapter will mainly cover the biomedical applications of nanotechnology under the following titles: the importance of nanotechnology, the history of nanotechnology, classification of nanostructures, inorganic, polymer and composite nanostructures, fabrication of nanomaterials, applications of nanostructures, the designs of intelligent drug delivery systems and controlled release systems, bioimaging, bioseparation, nano-biomolecules, lab-on-a-chip, point of care, nanobiosensor development, tissue engineering and the future of biomedical nanotechnology.
3D Printing Analysis by Powder Bed Printer (PBP) of a Thoracic Aorta Under Simufact Additive
Authors: Ameddah Hacene , Mazouz Hammoudi
Published: February 2021

In recent decades, vascular surgery has seen the arrival of endovascular techniques for the treatment of vascular diseases such as aortic diseases (aneurysms, dissections, and atherosclerosis). The 3D printing process by addition of material gives an effector of choice to the digital chain, opening the way to the manufacture of shapes and complex geometries, impossible to achieve before with conventional methods. This chapter focuses on the bio-design study of the thoracic aorta in adults. A bio-design protocol was established based on medical imaging, extraction of the shape, and finally, the 3D modeling of the aorta; secondly, a bio-printing method based on 3D printing that could serve as regenerative medicine has been proposed. A simulation of the bio-printing process was carried out under the software Simufact Additive whose purpose is to predict the distortion and residual stress of the printed model. The binder injection printing technique in a Powder Bed Printer (PBP) bed is used. The results obtained are very acceptable compared with the results of the error elements found.
Fragile Watermarking Framework for Tamper Detection of Color Biometric Images
Authors: Thanki Rohit , Borra Surekha , Kothari Ashish
Published: February 2021

Application of fragile watermarking on biometric images stored at a server or cloud ensures proper authentication and tamper detection when access to the servers was shared. In this paper, a hybrid domain fragile watermarking technique for authenticity of color biometric images, using hybridization of various transforms such as discrete cosine transform (DCT), fast discrete curvelet transform (FDCuT), and singular value decomposition (SVD) is proposed. The hybrid transform coefficients are modified according to the scrambled color watermark to obtain watermarked color biometric image. The security of this technique is strengthened with the usage of Arnold scrambling, and by using multiple secret keys. The proposed technique is analyzed on FEI Brazilian face database. The experimental results show that this technique performs better than the existing fragile watermarking techniques.
Research on Threat Information Network Based on Link Prediction
Authors: Du Jin , Yuan Feng , Ding Liping , Chen Guangxuan , Liu Xuehua
Published: February 2021

The study of complex networks is to discover the characteristics of these connections and to discover the nature of the system between them. Link prediction method is a classic in the study of complex networks. It ca not only reflect the relationship between the node similarity. More can be estimated through the edge, which reveals the intrinsic factors of network evolution, namely the network evolution mechanism. Threat information network is the evolution and development of the network. The introduction of such a complex network of interdisciplinary approach is an innovative research perspective to observe that the threat intelligence occurs. The characteristics of the network show, at the same time, also can predict what will happen. The evolution of the network for network security situational awareness of the research provides a new approach.
Risk Acceptance for Humanitarian Crisis Response
Authors: Mia Md. Juel , Hossain Md. Kabir , Biswas Rathindra Nath , Khan Md. Riaz Uddin
Published: February 2021

This paper tries to identify the risk acceptance of humanitarian crisis response associated with the Rohingya influx into Bangladesh. Myanmar government's oppression at Rakhine state triggered Rohingya people to flee to Bangladesh to save their lives. While Bangladesh is a densely populated small country, she welcomed Rohingyas considering the humanitarian ground. This study analyzed journal articles, situation reports of different agencies and media contents on Rohingya issues, and conducted interviews of Rohingyas, host community, and crisis responders. By accepting risk, Bangladesh is responding to the Rohingya crisis which has saved humanity; however, it created conflicting dynamics, increased population, leading to environmental degradation and creating health risks. This is also challenging national security and impacting reversely on the economy, food security, employment, and tourism. For the betterment of the region, it is necessary to solve the problem in a peaceful way through bi-lateral and multilateral dialogue.
Safety Intelligence and Security Management in Public Secondary Schools in Epe Local Government Area, Lagos State
Authors: Ayeni Amidu Owolabi , Orhewere Irene Oluwaseyi
Published: February 2021

The research adopted a descriptive survey design. The respondents were selected via simple random sampling. Four hundred participants including 19 principals and 381 students were the targeted population for this study. Findings from this study show that majority of schools have the basic safety and security apparatus but lack the knowledge and experience to employ them in the event of a disaster. Results also show that there is no subject in the school curriculum from kindergarten to secondary level that teaches on safety and security management. Public secondary schools in Epe LGA do not also have constituted disaster management committees or an emergency management plan. Most students however do not know how to use safety and security gadgets in their school premises. The study therefore recommended that a disaster/emergency management curriculum should be inaugurated in public school to teach students on how to respond in cases of emergencies and prevent emergencies.
Application of Technology of Information in Database Management in the Human Population
Authors: Mustafa Kujtim Ragmi , Mustafa Ragmi Mustaf
Published: February 2021

Today there is no need of the classical methods of the registration of population because now is the time of digitalization. While using carefully the database presented according to the information from official institutions of one country, one can very easily find the number of the population inside one country. That kind of method is also used in this scientific work. More than 60 countries in the world use similar modern methods trying to escape the old fashioned or classical ones through numerical commissions going from door to door and the difficulties commissions go through in this project when they don't find a great mass of population at their homes. The aim of this study is to describe some of the demographic parameters of population in the municipality of Presevo. The study will include the number and ethnic structure of population for a period from 2002 until 2012. Based on the census from 2002 and the study on number of population in 2012, a very approximate and credible national structure of the municipality of Presevo will be determined.
Study of Feature Extraction Techniques for Sensor Data Classification
Authors: Jawale Anupama , Magar Ganesh
Published: February 2021

Human activity recognition is a rapidly growing area in healthcare systems. The applications include fall detection, ambiguous activity, dangerous behavior, etc. It has become one of the important requirements for the elderly or neurological disorder patients. The devices included are accelerometer and gyroscope, which generate large amounts of data. Accuracy of classification algorithms for this data is highly dependent upon extraction and selection of data features. This research study has extracted time domain features, based on statistical functions as well as rotational features around three axes. Gyroscope data features are also used to enhance accuracy of accelerometer data. Three popular classification techniques are used to classify the accelerometer dataset into activity categories. Binary classification (run -1 / walk-0) is considered. The results have shown SVM and LDA when used with rotation and gyroscope data gives the highest accuracy of 92.0% whereas FDA shows 84% accuracy.
PolyGlot Persistence for Microservices-Based Applications
Authors: Singhal Harshul , Saxena Arpit , Mittal Nitesh , Dabas Chetna , Kaur Parmeet
Published: February 2021

Traditionally, applications have used a single database to fulfill their storage requirements. However, limiting storage to a specific type of database system may result in a compromise in some functionalities of the application due to database features. This paper proposes an architectural framework for an application to exploit heterogeneous databases with a polyglot approach. A working application to demonstrate the use of different databases for various modules of an application is presented. Two instances of MongoDB and a single instance of MySQL have been used in the proposed application. Container technology is used to deploy the application's services like databases and web server. The use of microservices has resulted in a completely flexible and scalable application that utilizes the desired features of heterogeneous databases for its constituent modules. The proposed architecture is validated and compared with existing models. The performance comparison results are tabulated for six crucial parameters listed in the ISO/IEC 25010 standard.
A CSP-Based Approach for Managing the Dynamic Reconfiguration of Software Architecture
Authors: Saadi Abdelfetah , Hammal Youcef , Oussalah Mourad Chabane
Published: February 2021

Software applications are composed of a set of interconnected software components running on different machines. Most of these applications have a dynamic nature and need to reconfigure structure and behavior at run-time. The dynamic reconfiguration of software is a problem that must be dealt with. Reconfiguring this kind of applications is a complicated task and risks to take software at an undesirable situation. In this paper, the authors present a solution whose objective is to provide a complete support for reconfiguring and formally verifying consistency of dynamic updates of software before performing them. The aim is to provide highly available systems with the ability to safely modify their structure and behavior at run-time. The proposed approach is based mainly on the use of the meta-model concept for reconfiguration structural checking, and the CSP language, refinement technique, and the FDR model checking tool for the verification of reconfiguration behavioral consistency. The authors have also developed a tool prototype that validates and implements their proposals.
A Literature Review of Location-Aware Computing Policies
Authors: Gupta Ajay Kumar , Shanker Udai
Published: February 2021

Location-aware computing systems implementation has the challenge of maintaining its consistency due to frequent disconnections in the mobile environment. Many other exciting issues associated with this domain provide a fertile ground for many mobile database researchers to tackle. This work contributes by taking up-to-date literature on current location-aware mobile data management practices. The paper includes taxonomy for caching, map-matching, and location privacy protection with spatial-temporal queries, unlike other review papers, which only address a specific aspect of location-dependent data management. First, an in-depth analysis of state-of-the-art and classified literature is presented, taking into account the domain of application models and approaches for evaluation. Secondly, it provides a theoretical and analytical investigation of location-conscious computing approaches available in the literature, examining the merit and demerit of each method and the evolving processes between them. Finally, the paper highlighted the outstanding opportunities for future research directions.
A Case for Objectivist Ethics in the 21st Century
Authors: Slover Edward M.
Published: February 2021

The framework of objectivist ethics may serve as a cogent foundation upon which human beings can live more thoughtful, productive, and rational lives. By virtue of being selfish, or rationally self-interested, an individual pursues and achieves happiness by making reasoned, rational decisions based on what s/he values while not exploiting or manipulating others since such exploitation or manipulation of another individual would subvert the former's achievement of happiness. Rational decisions made by each individual are thus not determined by subjective choice, altruism, or self-sacrifice, but rather the desire to have his/her needs met because it is in his/her moral interest. This article makes the case for the application of objectivist ethics in the areas of leadership, interpersonal relations, and family dynamics. The main message is based on how the tenet of rational self-interest can enhance an individual's life by achieving happiness and the lives of others for having achieved happiness.
Corporate Digital Responsibility in Construction Engineering
Authors: Weber-Lewerenz Bianca
Published: February 2021

Digitization has become a powerful tool for digital planning, construction, and operations with high potential for improved project life cycle. The study discusses digitization and AI from an ethical perspective. After an introduction on the relation of moral and technology and the evaluation of corporate responsibilities in digital environments, the study leads to fields of using AI with developers' and users' ethical responsibilities. The scientific approach examines challenges and potential of human led technologies undergoing digital transformation. The construction industry is challenged by CDR in an era of increasing artificial intelligence (AI) application. As a result of the high demand in both technological development and value-based decision making, CDR in construction examines holistically responsible digitization and AI. It reviews status quo and its ethical framework by law. A key consideration in the ethical impact on AI is differing between human and artificial intelligence as mandatory requirement to define risks, potential, areas of application.
Particle Swarm Optimization-Based Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Gupta Meeta , Sinha Adwitiya
Published: February 2021

Wireless sensor networks have battery-operated sensor nodes, which need to be conserved to have prolonged network lifetime. The amount of power consumed for routing sensed data from the sensor node to the sink node is large. Thus, in order to optimize the energy usage in sensor network efficient data aggregation techniques are needed. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a speculative and evolutionary computing technique based on swarm intelligence for solving optimization problems in sensor network such as nodes deployment, node scheduling, data clustering, and aggregation. The paper proposes a PSO-based sensor network aggregation protocol (PSO-SNAP) with K-means to provide initial centroid. The PSO has been used to find the optimal aggregated value having minimum quantization error. The output of the K-means algorithm is used as an initial centroid in PSO. Apart from K-means, K-medoid and simple average has also been used to provide initial seed to the PSO algorithm and results of all three approaches are compared.
A Comparative Analysis of Evolutionary Algorithms for Data Classification Using KEEL Tool
Authors: Singh Amrit Pal , Gupta Chetna , Singh Rashpal , Singh Nandini
Published: February 2021

Evolutionary algorithms are inspired by the biological model of evolution and natural selection and are used to solve computationally hard problems, also known as NP-hard problems. The main motive to use these algorithms is their robust and adaptive nature to provide best search techniques for complex problems. This paper presents a comparative analysis of classification of algorithm's family instead of algorithms comparison using KEEL tool. This work compares SSMA-C, DROP3PSO-C, FURIA-C, GFS-MaxLogitBoost-Cand CPSO-C algorithms. Further, these selected evolutionary algorithms are compared against two statistical classifiers using the Wilcoxon signed rank test and Friedman test on following datasets—bupa, ecoli, glass, haberman, iris, monks, vehicle, and wine—to calculate classification efficiencies of these algorithms. Experimental results reveal some differences among these algorithms. Visualization module in the model has been used to give overall results as a summary while statistical test using Clas-Wilcoxin-ST compared the algorithms in a pair-wise fashion to conclude experimental findings.
An Impact Analysis and Detection of HTTP Flooding Attack in Cloud Using Bio-Inspired Clustering Approach
Authors: Verma Priyanka , Tapaswi Shashikala , Godfrey W. Wilfred
Published: February 2021

The application layer HTTP flooding attack is the primary threat to web servers hosting web services in the cloud network. Due to varying network changes in the cloud, the traditional security methods are not sufficient to detect the attack. Therefore, a novel approach is proposed, which uses Teacher Learner Based Optimization (TLBO) for clustering to identify the attack requests. In this work, the logs of a web server under attack are collected and pre-processed. Further, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is used to reduce the dimensionality of the pre-processed data. Thereafter the data is clustered using TLBO clustering, which will separate the application layer HTTP flooding attack in one cluster and rest of the requests in the other cluster. The results prove that the proposed approach performs better than other traditional and bio-inspired clustering techniques. The proposed approach also attains the peak detection rate and lowermost false alarm, which proves the efficacy of the proposed approach among another state of the art approaches.
Automatic Ear Localization Using Entropy-Based Binary Jaya Algorithm and Weighted Hausdorff Distance
Authors: Sarangi Partha Pratim , Sahu Abhimanyu , Panda Madhumita , Mishra Bhabani Shankar Prasad
Published: February 2021

This paper presents an automatic human ear localization technique for handling uncontrolled scenarios such as illumination variation, poor contrast, partial occlusion, pose variation, ear ornaments, and background noise. The authors developed entropy-based binary Jaya algorithm (EBJA) and weighted doubly modified Hausdorff distance (W-MHD) to use edge information rather than pixels intensity values of the side face image. First, it embodies skin segmentation procedure using skin color model and successively remove spurious and non-ear edges which reduces the search space of the skin regions. Secondly, EBJA is proposed to trace dense edge regions as probable ear candidates. Thirdly, this paper developed an edge based weight function to represent the ear shape along with for the edge based template matching using W-MHD to identify true ear from a set of probable ear candidates. Experimental results using publicly available benchmark datasets demonstrate the competitiveness of the proposed technique in comparison to the state-of-the-art methods.
Hybrid Optimization Technique for Enhancing the Stability of Inverted Pendulum System
Authors: Mousa M. E. , Ebrahim M. A. , Zaky Magdy M. , Saied E. M. , Kotb S. A.
Published: February 2021

The inverted pendulum system (IPS) is considered the milestone of many robotic-based industries. In this paper, a new variant of variable structure adaptive fuzzy (VSAF) is used with new reduced linear quadratic regulator (RLQR) and feedforward gain for enhancing the stability of IPS. The optimal determining of VSAF parameters as well as Q and R matrices of RLQR are obtained by using a modified grey wolf optimizer with adaptive constants property via particle swarm optimization technique (GWO/PSO-AC). A comparison between the hybrid GWO/PSO-AC and classical GWO/PSO based on multi-objective function is provided to justify the superiority of the proposed technique. The IPS equipped with the hybrid GWO/PSO-AC-based controllers has minimum settling time, rise time, undershoot, and overshoot results for the two system outputs (cart position and pendulum angle). The system is subjected to robustness tests to ensure that the system can cope with small as well as significant disturbances.
A Linguistic and Literary Analyses of Selected Cartoons on the Novel COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria
Authors: Tunde Asiru Hameed , Bello Shamsuddeen
Published: February 2021

The world is currently facing a global pandemic, named COVID-19, which is seriously wreaking a devastating blow on the world healthcare system. Since the first index case was reported in Lagos, Nigeria, in February, the federal and state governments have put measures in place to curtail the spread of the virus in the country. Some of the measures include the constitution of the presidential task force (PTF), provision of isolation and treatment centres for confirmed cases, and pronouncement of lockdown order by the president and some state governors. Amidst these measures, cartoonists (artists, or authors in literary context) have taken to the media to creatively present humorous and satirical depictions of the pandemic and social realities in the fight against it. This study thus analyses the humorous and satirical depiction of the pandemic in the Nigerian context using selected cartoons. These cartoons can be classified as graphic literary texts that can be subjected to different interpretations. The cartoons/texts are selected from the Facebook pages of popular Nigerian cartoonists/authors. A total of 10 cartoons/texts were randomly selected between March and April 2020. The study adopts two models/theories in interpreting the cartoons: Suls's incongruity resolution (IR) model operationalizes linguistic tool of lexicalization, re-lexicalisation, and shared sociocultural knowledge to explicate humour and satire in the cartoons, and Structuralism, which requires human behaviour (as represented in texts or cartoons) to be understood in the context of a broad social system (otherwise called structures) in which they exist. The study observed that the cartoons are not just independent texts or images but that they are products of the Nigerian social condition. It equally revealed that the cartoonists have deployed verbal and non-verbal incongruity to present comical images that show beliefs of Nigerians about the pandemic and the level of the country's preparedness in flattening the curve of the contraction of the virus.
Rhetorical Analysis and Classification of Poem Text
Authors: Arora Jhanvi , Bharti Santosh Kumar
Published: February 2021

Poetry is one of the richest forms of literature, which in itself includes all components of language a human learns; by components here, the context is towards the rhetorical devices. The rhetorical devices constitute the witty use of words used in the reference to things. The work intends to identify the forms of creative references used by the poets to contrast their style of writing and categorize the text on the basis of the same. On the basis of each such prominent device such as rhymes or alliteration, one can derive the boundary or similarity percentage amongst the poems, which can be further extended to compare the writing style of the poets. The method of analysis holds a good value to study different poets of the modern and renaissance era and could be helpful in contrasting their way of putting things into words. Keywords NLP Analysis of Poem, Poem Analysis, Poem Classification, Poem Comparison, Poem Qualifiers, Poet Classification, Poetry Analysis, Poetry Recommendation System
Trauma and the Indexicality of the Missing Sign
Authors: West Joel
Published: February 2021

While the term “trauma” is often in current usage, the author points out that one does not even have a good measure of what the word itself means. In a technical sense, is “trauma” the result of an action or the action itself, and in what manner may one differentiate between the two? Further, having defined trauma and using a Freudian depth psychological model of trauma, the author reads a seminal Hebrew religious text. Using the Kleinian and Freudian analytic structure, the author understands the manner in which this text may plausibly have been redacted in an answer to cultural trauma. Structurally, this paper will examine Freudian depth psychological theory, the historical textuality of the Mishnah, and specifically the polysemous nature of the word "trauma" all in an attempt to understand a specific line of Mishnaic text in its historical context.
Gold Nanoparticles Coated FBG Sensor Based on Localized SPR for Adulterated Honey Classification
Authors: Mokhtar Wan Maisarah , Pang Nurul Husna Md Khairuddin , Halim Razman Mohd
Published: February 2021

Two types of fiber optics, namely macro etched silica single mode fiber (SMF) and Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) (Bragg wavelength of 1550 nm and 1554 nm) had been used to detect various types of honey samples, such as Apis Dorsata Honey, Trigona Honey and Capilano Australian Honey. To study the effect of exposure period in open environment at room temperature, all honey samples were exposed in open environment at room temperature from 2 to 10 days. In comparison with macro etched SMF and FBG (λB=1554 nm), the FBG (λB=1550 nm) portrays an excellent sensing properties with sensitivity and selectivity of 33.56 dB/RIU and 24.07 dB/RIU respectively. The output of this work concludes that the quality of honey based on optical output power reduces up to 0.35% as period of exposure to the open environment increased.