bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Régészeti szempontok a Kárpát-medencéből és környékéről származó csiszolt kőeszközök és szerszámkövek eredetvizsgálatához / Archaeological aspects of the provenance of polished stone tools and ground stones from the Carpathian Basin and its surroundings
Authors: Szilágyi Kata , T. Biró Katalin
Published: May 2022

A cikk egy multidiszciplináris projekt régészeti részét mutatja be, amelynek célja az őskori csiszolt kőeszközök és szerszámkövek nyersanyagainak archeometriai vizsgálata, a készítésükhöz szükséges kőzetek potenciális geológiai nyersanyagforrásainak meghatározása. A kőeszköz-nyersanyagkutatás kiinduló kérdése a régészet szemszögéből, hogy az őskorban milyen kőzeteket használtak nyersanyagként és azok honnan származtak, milyen távolságra és milyen mennyiségben jutottak el, nyersanyag, félkész termék vagy kész kőeszköz formájában. Fontos a készítéstechnológia szempontjából a kőeszközkészítés folyamatának rekonstrukciója, valamint a használat és a lehetséges újrahasznosítás műveleteinek megállapítása. A nagyszámú mintán alapuló új ismeret a korabeli társadalmak kapcsolat-, csere/kereskedelmi- és információ rendszerének, területhasználati és mobilitási viszonyainak kutatásához nyújt segítséget. Eddigi eredményeink alapján a Kárpát-medencében viszonylag kevés, jó minőségű csiszolt kőeszköz előállítására alkalmas nyersanyagforrás található. Nagy jelentősége van a mai politikai határon túli területekről származó távolsági import kőeszközök felderítésének. A jelen kutatás anyagismereti eredményei és további, származási hely vizsgálatára alkalmas nyersanyagok (pl. Spondylus kagyló, obszidián, tűzkő) csere/kereskedelmi rendszereinek összehasonlítása segíti az őskori közösségek térbeli elterjedésének, részletesebb megismerését, valamint a kommunikáció-, csere- és információ rendszereinek, társadalomrégészeti vetületének és ezek időbeli változásainak feltárását.
A Cserhát-Cserhátalja-Gödöllői-dombság-Mátraalja vidékéről származó csiszolt kőeszközök előzetes archeometriai vizsgálati eredményei / Preliminary archaeometrical results on some polished stone artefacts from Northern Hungary (Cserhát Mts. and foothill region, Mátra foothill region and Gödöllő hills)
Authors: Szilágyi Veronika , Illés Levente , T. Biró Katalin , Péntek Attila , Harsányi Ildikó , Sági Tamás , Kovács Zoltán , Fehér Kristóf , Szakmány György
Published: May 2022

Tanulmányunkban 12 őskori lelőhely területéről, felszínen gyűjtött 23 csiszolt kőeszköz lelet (balta és szalukapa) anyagvizsgálati eredményeit ismertetjük. A Cserhát-Cserhátalja-Gödöllői-dombság-Mátraalja vidékéről származó balták részletes vizsgálata roncsolásmentes (makroszkópos kőzettani megfigyelés, mágneses szuszceptibilitás mérés, PGAA, eredeti felszínen végzett SEM-EDS) és alárendelten roncsolásos (OM, SEMEDS) vizsgálatával meghatároztuk a nyersanyagukat, illetve azok lehető legpontosabb származási helyét. Adatainkkal bővítettük ismereteinket a régió őskori nyersanyaghasználatáról, illetve távolsági kapcsolatairól. A kőeszközök változatos nyersanyagokból készültek. A jól ismert, forráshoz kötött nyersanyag típusok (ÉszakCseh masszívumi kontakt metabázit, Cseres-hegységi bazalt, Darnó-hegyi metadolerit, kelet-bükki metaszubvulkanit, domoszlói andezit) mellett több, csak bizonytalanul behatárolható kőzettípus (tercierandezitek csoportja, egyéb (nem Železný Brod típusú) kontakt metabázitok csoportja) is előfordult. Emellett néhány olyan nyersanyagot is azonosítottunk, amelyek eredete tisztázatlan (szerpentinit, kvarcfillit, kontakt metaaleurolit). A vizsgált észak-magyarországi leletanyagokban a helyi és regionális nyersanyagok hasonló arányban fordulnak elő, mint a kizárólag észak-északnyugati kapcsolatrendszerre utaló távolsági és az ismeretlen eredetű nyersanyagok.
PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SELENIUM ON DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY IN WISTAR RATS
Authors: Boussekine Samira , Lekmine Sabrina , Gasmi Salim , Benkhedir Abdelkarim , Saker Hichem , Lidoughi Abdelkrim
Published: May 2022

The objective of the present paper is to study and evaluate the effect of selenium supplementation on diabetic nephropathy caused by reactive species generated following hyperglycemia.
This study conducted on thirty-five male albino Wistar rats divided into five groups : the first group serves as control (C), the second group was treated by intraperitoneal injection of selenium (sodium selenite ) at 1.89 mg/kg / day,  regarding the 3rd  groups diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg of alloxan (single dose) (DM). One of the diabetic groups was treated by intraperitoneal injection of insulin, 3 IU/100 g PC twice a day (DTins).  Another diabetic group is treated with 1.89 mg/kg/day of sodium selenite intraperitoneally (DTSe), and this for 21 days (the two groups treated with selenium were previously treated by gavage of 2 mg/kg/day for 10 days by the same trace element).
The results showed in untreated diabetic rats, a drop in body weight, and an increase in blood glucose (13.87mmol/L ± 0.62), urea (10.58 mmol/l ± 0.59), creatinine (64 µmol/l ± 1.3), and phosphorus (1.8 mmol/l ± 0.2).  A decrease in serum calcium (1.9 mmol/l±0.1), total protein (58g/l ± 5), albumin (32 g/l ± 3), insulin (0.64 µ UI/ml ± 0.06) and enzymatic activity of serum G6PDH (109.8 m UI/10GR ± 3). With a decrease in anti-oxidant defense, which results in a reduced renal tissue content in GSH (55 nmol/mg of proteins ± 2.2) and of GPx (0.198 µmol/mg of P ± 0.007) and catalase (14.64 µmol H2O2/mn/mg of P ± 0.8) activities. Meanwhile an increase activity of GSTs (0.791 nmol/mn/mg of P ± 0.03) and the concentration of TBARS (0.382 nmol/mg of P ± 0.02) were observed.
Sodium selenite induced the antioxidant defense of renal tissue, which protected it from the free radical damage that can be caused by the injection of Alloxan.
Refugee protection in the artificial intelligence era: a test case for rights
Authors: Forster Madeleine
Published: May 2022

- Government and private sector interest in artificial intelligence (AI) for border security and for use in asylum and immigration systems is growing. Academics and civil society are calling for greater scrutiny of legal, technological and policy developments in this area. However, compared to other high-risk environments for AI, this sector has received little policy attention. - Whether governments can adopt AI and meet human rights obligations in asylum and immigration contexts is in doubt, particularly as states have specific responsibilities towards persons seeking refugee and humanitarian protection at national borders. - The risks include potentially significant harm if AI systems lead (or contribute) to asylum seekers being incorrectly returned to their country of origin or an unsafe country where they may suffer persecution or serious human rights abuses – a practice known as ‘refoulement’. The use of AI in asylum contexts also raises questions of fairness and due process. - Some reasons for optimism include recent efforts at responsible innovation. This involves governments focusing their efforts to deploy AI in parts of asylum and related decision-making processes deemed less likely to create tension with domestic and international legal principles. - However, the restrictive and changeable nature of refugee and immigration policy in many countries today, as well as systemic challenges around fairness and access to rights, creates significant obstacles to human rights-compliant AI. It also creates significant obstacles to community and private sector participation in responsible and collaborative AI development. - Emerging AI principles and safeguards (e.g. human control, transparency, algorithmic impact assessments) that build on good governance principles will be relevant to future development of systems and policies, but general principles need to be tailored to the asylum context, drawing on legal standards designed to guard against outcomes that produce serious human rights consequences. - Particular attention must be paid at national and regional level to how AI tools can support human rights-based decision-making in complex and politicized systems without exacerbating existing structural challenges. How we treat asylum seekers and refugees interacting with AI will be a test case for emerging domestic and regional legislation and governance of AI. Global standard-setting exercises for AI – including UN-based technical standards and high-level multinational initiatives – will also influence the direction of travel.
Enhancing the thermal performance of a double pipe heat exchanger in turbulent flow conditions
Authors: SANSERWAL Manish , YADAV Devendra , BHARDWAJ Mayank , SİNGH Gurjeet
Published: May 2022

Heat exchangers with high thermal performance are required for industrial applications. Using heat transfer methodology in conjunction with simple design changes and assembly functions of heat exchangers could be an effective way to accomplish this. An experimental analysis was performed in this study to improve the heat transfer performance of a double pipe heat exchanger by implanting a flat strip spring turbulator (FST) within the heat exchanger's inner tube. The experimental investigation of the Double pipe heat exchanger in conjunction with three sets of FST turbulators (pitch: 15 cm, 10 cm, and 5 cm) for turbulent flow (Re 9000-38000) was carried out. The Nusselt number, friction factor ratio, and thermal performance factor of heat exchangers with FST at various pitches are found to be between 60 and 170, 1.44 and 1.76, and 0.94 and 1.06, respectively. The highest heat transfer achieved by using a flat spring turbulator is 20% for a pitch value of 5cm. In comparison to other sets of FST, a double pipe heat exchanger with FST pitch value of 10 cm has greater thermohydraulic performance. When compared to previous research, the experimental results obtained from this work at higher Reynolds numbers the friction factor are within a well-accepted range.
Frequency and genotyping of human papillomavirus in patients with DNA tracking technique during 1996-99
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, School of Biological sciences, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran, Panahi Bahareh , Sepahi Abbas A. ,   Department of Microbiology, School of Biological sciences, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran, Farzanehpour Mahdieh ,   Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Published: May 2022

The prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and their role in cervical cancer have been well documented in numerous articles, but it seems that a study in this field in developing countries and the Middle East, including Iran. It's not done. Therefore, the present study was designed and performed to investigate the frequency and genotyping of human papillomavirus in patients by DNA tracking technique. This study was a population-based study in which the frequency and genotyping of human papillomavirus in patients by tracking technique was designed and performed on 534 men and women living in Tehran by DNA tracking technique. Sequences obtained using the NCBI site were analyzed at (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST/LaserGene) and Bio edit software. So that in three low-risk groups including 6 and 11 genotypes, Intermediate risk includes 26-31-33-35-39-40-42-45-49-51-52-53 genotypes -55-56-58-59-66-63-83 and High risk includes 16 and 18 genotypes were divided. According to the results, the prevalence of the papilloma virus in the study population was 21.16%, of which 19.46% were in the high-risk group, 69.89% were in the intermediate-risk group and 50.43% were in the low-risk group. According to the results of the present study, although the prevalence of HPV in the study population is less than in many countries in the world, it is suggested that conducting epidemiological studies in the country to extract the true prevalence and plan to prevent and control this disease.
From the discovery of combat gases to insecticides and bioterrorism – a brief history
Authors:   ", Cobilinschi Cristian ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania Bucharest Clinical Emergency Hospital, Intensive Care Unit, Romania ", Olteanu Alexandra ,   Bucharest Clinical Emergency Hospital, Intensive Care Unit, Romania, Cobilinschi Claudia ,   "Bucharest Clinical Emergency Hospital, Intensive Care Unit, Romania Sf Maria Clinical Hospital, Internal Medicine, Bucharest, Romania ", Grintescu Ioana M. ,   "Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania Bucharest Clinical Emergency Hospital, Intensive Care Unit, Romania ", Macovei Radu A. ,   "Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania Bucharest Clinical Emergency Hospital, Intensive Care Unit, Romania ""Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania Bucharest Clinical Emergency Hospital, Intensive Care Unit, Romania ", Tudosie Mihail S. ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Serban Dragos ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; 4th General Surgery Department, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania, Tincu Radu ,   "Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania Bucharest Clinical Emergency Hospital, Intensive Care Unit, Romania "
Published: May 2022

The identification of organophosphate (OP) compounds dates back to the 1800s. OPare largely used pesticides in the agricultural field and households but prior use as a chemical weapon was considered during wars. Their toxicity on humans has been previously studied and addresses both acute intoxication and low-level chronic exposure. Symptoms of acute exposure describe a cholinergic syndrome with bradycardia, miosis, confusion, fasciculations, tearing, sialorrhea, diarrhea, bronchorrhea, and bronchospasm. The intermediate syndrome causes paralysis of the gait muscles, neck flexors, and respiratory failure. Moreover, unrestricted access to OP has increased the rate of suicide, accounting for around 30% of cases, increasing concern about OP availability. Western countries have drastically restricted access to OP by imposing regulations regarding handling these hazardous substances, but efforts have to be made to globally reduce this struggle
Futurology and monitoring in the field of virology to deal with emerging diseases
Authors:   Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Baqerkhani Mohammadreza , Soleimanzadeh Ali ,   Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran, Ghaleh Hadi E.G. ,   Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Farzanehpour Mahdieh ,   Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Published: May 2022

Every year we see many changes in the world around us. One of these changes is the climate and weather, and it could be one of the reasons for changing behaviors between humans and animals, which could cause zoonotic diseases. We usually face new diseases that infect a growing population leading to a pandemic. Different reasons are leading to an increase in the emergence of new infections. Some of these diseases can be associated with zoonotic diseases and the diverse world of viral genetics and its failures. Furthermore, properties like mutations and also unknown effects of these mutations on the virulence of the agents make it challenging to trace new diseases. As we know, preventing emerging diseases is inevitable and viral diseases are dangerous, and some viruses can spread quickly and cause an endemic or pandemic. As was noticed during the recent pandemic, the need to study emerging diseases in the field of virology has become more and more apparent to us. In this review, we want to look at how we could monitor and control these diseases with new approaches and what should be done when a disease emerges. Moreover, we will investigate risk factors, ways to deal with emerging viral infections, new treatments that make the condition better when a person gets infected, and the future of these diseases. We will also study the ways to deal with pandemics with the new generations of vaccines
Investigating the effect of methylprednisolone pulse on the treatment of back pain
Authors:   School of Medicine, Emam Khomeini Hospital, Ilam University of Medical sciences, Ilam, Iran, Hatefi Masoud , Komlakh Khalil ,   Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Nouri Lida ,   Department of Anesthesiology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical sciences, Ilam, Iran
Published: May 2022

"Background: Pain is a common problem afflicting humanity. Back pain is a musculoskeletal disorder with a high prevalence; this pain may occur to anyone at least once during their lifetime. Aim: the present study was performed to investigate the effect of the use of methylprednisolone pulse on the pain status of patients suffering from back pain in Ilam city. Methods: This study is a clinical trial conducted as double-blind in 2021 in Ilam city with pretest and post-test groups plus a control group. The patients referred with vertebral disc herniation diagnosis suffering from diffuse pain in the right leg were assigned into test and control groups. A methylprednisolone 500 mg IV would be administered to the patient as pulse inside DW 500cc serum. The extent of pain was compared before and after the intervention at one, two, three, and seven days later. Placebo was applied for the control group patients. The data were analyzed by SPSS 16 as well as based on descriptive and analytical tests. Results: According to the findings, no statistically significant difference was observed between the demographic characteristics of patients receiving methylprednisolone and patients in the control group (p 0.05). Also, the result showed the comparison of pain scores of patients in the two groups. According to the findings, the M (SD) pain score in the experimental group was 6.59 (0.88) before the intervention and 1.76 (0.69) in the week after the intervention, which was statistically significant (P=0.000). Also, the changes in the control group's score before intervention were 6.82 (0.71) and after the intervention was 6.77 (1.12) (P>0.05). Conclusions: Considering the effect of methylprednisolone on mitigating the pain of patients suffering from back pain, it is suggested to use injective methylprednisolone for reducing the pain of patients suffering from back pain "
Musculoskeletal sports injuries of the upper limb in children
Authors:   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of Naousa, 59200 Emathia, Greece, Kotsapas Michail , Gantsos Apostolos ,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of Naousa, 59200 Emathia, Greece, Naoum Symeon ,   251 Air Force General Hospital, Orthopedic Department, Athens, Attiki 115 25, Greece
Published: May 2022

The participation of children and adolescents in sports is advantageous in many ways regarding their physical and mental health, promotes cooperation and socialization between them, prevents diseases, such as obesity, and also sets the base of a healthy lifestyle in adulthood. In addition, childhood per se is characterized by an increased level of physical activity. Nevertheless, despite the multiple benefits of physical activity, it does not lack the possibility of unfortunate events or harmful conditions. The inner need of the athlete for excellence and recognition, the effort to reach or keep on an elite level of sports, early sports specialization, and pressure derived from family and coaches often lead to sports injuries-diseases either acute or chronic. Many of these conditions sometimes are underestimated or undiagnosed in the Emergency Department, especially if the main complaining symptom does not correlate with the disease. This non-systematic literature review aimed to identify the most common upper limb sport related-injuries and conditions among pediatric athletes. These injuries are described into groups depending on the anatomical area e.g shoulder girdle, elbow joint, and wrist.
Patients’ knowledge and attitudes regarding human papillomavirus disease and the effectiveness of education in patients referred to the Dermatology Clinic of Baqiyatallah Hospital in 2020
Authors:   Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Molaei Hamideh , Davoudi-Monfared Esmat ,   Health Management Research Center, Department of Community Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Allahyari Fakhri ,   Neuroscience Research Center, Baqyiatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Hamedani Fereshte ,   Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Nejad Javad H. ,   Neuroscience Research Center, Baqyiatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Published: May 2022

"Introduction: Human papillomavirus infection considers one of the leading causes of infection-related cancer worldwide. The general public's range of knowledge and understanding of human papillomavirus is low; the present study was done intending to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of patients with human papillomavirus and the effectiveness of educational intervention in those patients. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study. The study population included patients with genital human papillomavirus referred to Dermatology Clinic of Baqiyatallah Hospital in 2020. The patients filled out a pre-test questionnaire. In the next step, they were trained by the treating physician about the disease, transmission ways, complications, treatment methods, and laboratory tests, and available vaccines. After that, an educational pamphlet was given to the patient to complete and review the information. Moreover, a post-test was performed in the patient's next visit. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. Results: 92 patients were included in the study. The levels of knowledge and attitude of patients were between 50 to 65% before training and training had a significant impact on improving the level of knowledge and attitude of patients (P 0.001) so that the level of knowledge and attitude of patients reached above 95%. Demographic factors such as age, gender, marital status, and level of education were not related to the initial knowledge and attitude of individuals based on the statistical analysis (P 0.05). However, the knowledge of married people about the complications of the disease was more than single ones (P = 0.032). Conclusion: the level of knowledge about human papillomavirus and its complications, transmission ways, prevention and treatment is low, which has increased with training significantly "
Psychological consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic. A study carried out on the psychiatric medical staff
Authors:   ", Trifu Arina C. ,   International Relations and European Studies PhD program, Faculty of History and Philosophy, “Babeș-Bolyai” University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Military Medical Institute, 3-5 Military Medical Institute Str., Bucharest, Romania ", Rosca Luminita ,   International Relations and European Studies PhD program, Faculty of History and Philosophy, “Babeș-Bolyai” University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Published: May 2022

"Motivation for the choice of topic: The covid-19 pandemic has restructured the entire health care system. As systems of care were overwhelmed, many health professionals in related professional areas became increasingly involved in providing medical aid. The present paper aims to highlight a comparative analysis between two psychiatric wards of the same hospital, with qualified medical staff, with similar levels of competence, one of the wards caring for patients exclusively with major psychiatric pathologies, and the other patients with associated SARS-COV2 infection. The objective is to highlight links between different variables, such as motivation versus amotivation, anxiety and/or burnout, work experience, and resilience, all of which also relate to decisions to accept and provide quality medical care to this particular category of patients. Methodology Application of specific questionnaires and scales on a group of 60 medical workers in two psychiatric wards, one of which was declared a ward working with psychiatric patients with covid. Results: Resident doctors, then nurses, followed by hospital attendants, attending physicians and lastly psychologists, cope in descending order with professional stress related to covid-19 anxiety. This is high and correlates positively with depression and burn-out - which, in the case of young people, risks demotivating them to the point of destroying their future plans and the hope of successful professional self-esteem. Conclusions: The covid-19 pandemic in a psychiatric hospital has raised anxieties even among medical staff, who have moved from somatic to psychiatric care over the years, and the comorbidity of mental illness and SARS-COV2 infection has raised particular problems. Among staff, anxiety, risk of depression, burnout, with depletion of compensatory resources have increased. Resilience calls for the use of mature defence mechanisms and professional experience protects against anxiety and burnout. "
The differences of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP-9 and MMP-13) in chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases
Authors:   ", Eser Burcu ,   Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey R and D Center Chromatography Lab., Institute of Gulhane Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey ", Tecer Duygu ,   Rheumatology Clinic, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey, Dincel Aylin S. ,   Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
Published: May 2022

"Objectives: Primary Sjogren's Syndrome (pSS), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) are systemic, autoimmune, and chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases that collagenases and gelatinases are effective and valuable in the pathophysiology of these diseases. The aim of this study is to compare the levels of MMP-9 (gelatinase-B) and MMP-13 (collagenase-3) in pSS to PsA, RA and healthy controls. Methods: Serum samples of patients with a diagnosis of Primer Sjögren's Syndrome (n=20), rheumatoid arthritis (n=20), psoriatic arthritis (n=19) and healthy control group (n=15) were analyzed by ELISA method for MMP-13 and MMP-9 levels. Results: There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of MMP-9 and MMP-13 levels. In the pSS group, MMP-9 was negatively correlated with MPP-13 (r:-0.568, p:0.09) but these parameters were not correlated with activity biomarkers and scores of disease activity index. In patients with pSS, the MMP-13 levels tended to be higher than the PsA patients and lower than RA patients but there was no significant difference between the 3 groups in terms of MMP-9 and MMP-13 levels. Conclusion: MMPs, in distinguishing health and disease conditions have various roles and they drive important biological mechanisms. Taking into account as a biomarker different body fluids need to be compared. In our study, the differences of serum samples between the pSS group and the positive control groups were not statistically significant. "
The effect of smartphone-based education on self-efficacy of women with gestational diabetes: A controlled clinical trial
Authors:   Yas Hospital in Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Ghaderi Maryam , Farahani Mansoureh A. ,   Nursing Care Research Center, Medical-Surgical Nursing Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran, Balouchi Abass ,   Yas Hospital in Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Haghani Hamid ,   Department of Biostatistics, School of Management, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Published: May 2022

"Background and Aim: Women with gestational diabetes are at risk for type 2 diabetes. Development of self-efficacy is an important tool for active participation in treatment and behavioral change and can have a significant effect on type 2 diabetes-preventative behaviors. Therefore, it is necessary to search for an effective teaching method to improve the self-efficacy of these individuals. Accordingly, the aim of the present article is to determine the effect of smartphone-based education on self-efficacy in women with gestational diabetes (GDM). Materials and Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 90 women with GDM (n=45 individuals per group) at Yas Medical Center, Tehran. GDM software was installed on the cell phone of the intervention group. The control group only received the prenatal routine training. The self-efficacy questionnaire was completed before and 6 weeks after the intervention by the two groups. Data analysis was carried out using Chi-square, t-test, independent t-test, and Fisher exact test in SPSS ver. 16. P-value 0.05 was considered as the significance level. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of self-efficacy changes before and 6 weeks after the intervention (p 0.001), meaning that these changes were significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group. Conclusion: Smartphone-based education can increase self-efficacy in women with GDM as an effective and low-cost method "
Should Hoffa's fat pad be resected during total knee arthroplasty? A review of literature
Authors:   251 General Hospital of Hellenic Air Force, Orthopedic Department, Naoum Symeon
Published: May 2022

Knee osteoarthritis is caused by the degeneration of joint tissues through mechanical loading as well as inflammatory effects. The number of total knee arthroplasties is increased and is expected to further be increased by 2050 compared to 2021. The infrapatellar fat pad, also known as Hoffa's fat pad, is often partially or fully resected during total knee arthroplasty to improve the surgeon's view in the upper tibia as well may reduce the risk of soft tissue involvement, when placing the prosthesis. The purpose of this study is to present the importance and functions of Hoffa's fat pad, as well as the latest data on the two conflicting views, on the removal or not of Hoffa's fat pad in total knee arthroplasty. However, there is not a consensus regarding Hoffa's fat pad resection, as its preservation has been associated with increased postoperative anterior knee pain. Due to the fact, that there are no current official guidelines for this issue, it would be preferable that surgeons try to preserve it, but only if there are no visibility and/or access problems during surgery. The choice of complete or partial resection or preservation is based on the surgeon's preferences, experience as well as patient's needs. More high-quality research and randomized clinical trials are needed for better guidance regarding Hoffa’s fat pad management at total knee replacement
Comparison of rinsing with chlorhexidine and matrica mouthwashes on the ventilator-associated pneumonia
Authors:   Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran, Moghaddam Rasool S. , Rahnama Mozhgan ,   Department of Nursing, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran, Abdollahimohammad Abdolghani ,   Medical surgical department, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran, Naderifar Mahin ,   Pediatric Department, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
Published: May 2022

"Introduction: The present study aimed to compare the effect of two methods of rinsing with chlorhexidine Oral hygiene in patients undergoing endotracheal intubation is one of the most important tasks of nurses, and Matrica mouthwashes on the incidence of ventilator-induced pneumonia (VAP) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Materials and Methods: This is a clinical trial carried out on 80 patients undergoing oral endotracheal intubation. Patients were included in the study using simple sampling and randomly divided into chlorhexidine mouthwash and the matrica mouthwash groups. Data collection was carried out using a demographic information questionnaire and clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS). Results: The results also showed that most participants in the chamomile group (75%) did not have pneumonia, but the chlorhexidine group had pneumonia in 77.5% of cases. The Chi-square test showed a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of the incidence and non-incidence of pneumonia (p = 0). Also, the odd ratio of developing pneumonia in the chamomile mouthwash to chlorhexidine mouthwash was 0.30%. Conclusion: Considering the advantages of herbal compounds such as their low price and low risk, matrica can be considered a suitable alternative to chlorhexidine. "
Evaluation of the protective effect of coenzyme Q10 on the growth process of embryos from in vitro fertilization in laboratory mice treated with cyclophosphamide
Authors:   Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Vazifedust Soheil , Ghaleh Hadi E.G. ,   Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Aslabani Farshad N. ,   Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Published: May 2022

"Cyclophosphamide is an anticancer drug that acts as an alkylating agent after metabolism in the liver. Despite its many clinical applications in cancer treatment, this drug has toxic effects on the body's organs, especially the genitals. One of the most critical side effects is a change in the function of the female reproductive system, which can lead to infertility. This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant effects of coenzyme Q10 on cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity in vitro fertilized embryos in mice. In this experimental study, 24 female mice weighing 25 g 4 groups of 6 were divided and treated for 21 days. The first group (control group), solvent (cyclophosphamide) including DMSO and PBS (0.1 ml intraperitoneally), the second group (sham group), cyclophosphamide at a dose of 10 mg/kg was injected as a single dose, and the third group (experimental group), along with single-dose cyclophosphamide, coenzyme Q10 at a dose of 200 mg/kg/day was injected intraperitoneally and the fourth group (positive control group), only coenzyme Q10 at a dose of 200 mg/kg/day was injected intraperitoneally. At the end of the treatment period, ovulation stimulation was performed using PMSG and HCG hormones. Six adult male mice were used to prepare normal sperm. The animals were facilitated after anesthesia. After extraction of regular eggs and sperm and fertilization in HTF + 4 mg BSA medium, the fertilized eggs were incubated for 120 hours, and the embryonic developmental stages were examined during this period. Were analyzed by ANOVA and comparison of ratios. Cyclophosphamide significantly reduced oocyte quality, fertilization rate, pre-implantation embryonic development, and embryo quality. Coenzyme Q10 (Co Q10) significantly reduced the adverse effects of cyclophosphamide. The present study showed that crocin could protect the fertility of the female sex against damage caused by cyclophosphamide. "
The Effect of the Addition of Gambir Catechins on Antioxidants and Antibacterial Hard Candy Products
Authors: Maryam  , Sitorus Tosty Maylangi , Dewi Hartami , Lubis Rizki Fadhillah
Published: May 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed consumer demands for food products due to the importance of eating functional foods capable of increasing the body's immune system, such as those containing natural bioactive compounds. Immune system enhancement through food intake is one of the top priorities for consumers globally. Hard candy products are ordinary foods consumed by people of all ages and social classes with numerous negative consumer perceptions due to their ability to cause dental caries. Therefore, it is imperative to develop hard candy as a functional food with antioxidant and antibacterial properties derived from natural ingredients. This research aims to innovate and design hard candy products that are acceptable to consumers with the addition of gambir catechins to its formulas. This research is considered novel for it provides innovation and design of hard candy products that are acceptable to consumers with the addition of gambir catechins. The result showed that all hard candy product formulas have Staphylococcus aureus with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities; hence, increased catechin concentration significantly affects these activities. Products in formulas 17, 8, 18, 4, and 7 with 4-5 ratings after organoleptic testing are standard products manufactured in accordance with SNI 3547.1:2018.
An Intelligent Approach for Preserving the Privacy and Security of a Smart Home Based on IoT Using LogitBoost Techniques
Authors: Rahim Asif , Zhong Yanru , Ahmad Tariq , Islam Umar
Published: May 2022

Development and use of IoT devices have grown significantly in recent years. Many departments such as smart homes, smart healthcare, smart sports analysis, and different smart industries use IoT-based devices. In IoT devices, traffic is a very important part. IoT device traffic is distinct from traditional device traffic in various respects. In this study, 41 Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices were used. IoT devices provided 13 network traffic attributes to construct a multiclass classification model. Pre-processing techniques such as Normalization and Scaling of Dataset were used to pre-process the raw data acquired. Features can be extracted from text data using feature engineering algorithms. After stratification, the dataset contains 117,423 feature vectors utilized to develop the classification model further. Multiple performance metrics were used to demonstrate how well LogitBoost algorithms perform in this research. Using ensemble-based hybrid machine learning models to detect network anomalies in this research is an early step in developing an intrusion detection system (IDS). The main objective of this study is to detect attacks and anomalies in an IoT environment in a smart home. We have proposed a novel approach to developing LogitBoost algorithms, i.e., Logi-XGB, Logi-GBC, Logi-ABC, Logi-CBC, Logi-LGBM, and Logi-HGBC. After applying LogitBoost algorithms to the dataset for the classification, Logi-XGB scored 80.20% accuracy, and Logi-GBC scored 77.80% accuracy. Logi-ABC scored 80.33% accuracy. Logi-CBC scored the highest accuracy of 85.66%. Logi-LGBM and Logi-HGBC scored the same accuracy of 81.37%. Compared with previous LogitBoost algorithms implemented in previous studies, our proposed Logi-CBC has scored the highest accuracy on the given dataset.
Marketing Effectiveness Model of Tourism Business in Thailand
Authors: Kerdpitak Chayanan
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the role of competitive advantages and digital marketing on effective marketing in the tourism business of Thailand. In this study, the moderation role of price also determines effective marketing strategies. Digital technologies enable businesses to communicate with customers through advanced digital applications, though being responsive towards competitors with minimum resources. The facility for tourists to seek information regarding tourism services must be timely, correctly, and readily available through several digital technologies. The present study is a quantitative type, and a technological data collection method was used in the study. Copies of the questionnaire were emailed to the respondents who were IT, business, and marketing managers. Collected information sorted and analyzed through SMART-PLS. The analyzed results found that digital marketing and competitive advantages significantly influence marketing effectiveness. The moderating role of price is partially supported in this study. The results indicate that all hypotheses are supported except H5. The present study is essential to assess the digital marketing role in the tourism industry and helpful in marketing effectiveness.
Aprendizaje autodirigido y entornos personales de aprendizaje de estudiantes universitarios de Costa Rica
Authors: García-Martínez José Antonio , Fallas-Vargas Manuel Arturo
Published: May 2022

La rápida aparición de nuevas tecnologías y el acceso cada vez más globalizado a internet promueven el uso masivo de las TIC. Al respecto, la construcción y el desarrollo de los entornos personales de aprendizaje (PLE) facilitan las habilidades requeridas para autodirigir el proceso de adquisición de conocimientos. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar cómo perciben el aprendizaje autodirigido los estudiantes universitarios de último año de carrera costarricenses, además de valorar la relación con su PLE y con el rendimiento académico. Se utilizó un diseño no experimental y transaccional de alcance correlacional. Se aplicó un cuestionario con diferentes escalas a una muestra probabilística estratificada (n = 1187) de 51 carreras de la Universidad Nacional. Los resultados muestran un nivel alto de preparación hacia el aprendizaje autodirigido. Sin embargo, aunque se detecta un gran deseo de aprender y capacidad de autocontrol, el estudiantado requiere de mayor orientación para la adquisición de habilidades en torno a la autogestión del aprendizaje. Igualmente, se encuentra una relación moderada y positiva entre este enfoque de formación y los PLE. Por último, se visualizan diferencias significativas en el rendimiento académico del alumnado en función de la preparación hacia el aprendizaje autodirigido.
Competencias socioemocionales de los educadores sociales
Authors: López-Arias José María , Rodríguez-Esteban Agustín
Published: May 2022

El contexto educativo y laboral actual ha situado el concepto de competencia como una pieza clave y tema de debate relevante para las distintas profesiones. El objetivo del presente estudio fue describir la valoración que hacen los educadores sociales sobre el grado de dominio de un conjunto de competencias socioemocionales y analizar la relación de esta percepción con otras variables laborales Se analizaron también las diferencias en el dominio de estas competencias en el momento actual con relación a la incorporación al primer trabajo como educador social. La muestra de estudio estuvo formada por 158 profesionales a los que se les aplicó un cuestionario diseñado ad hoc. Se utilizaron técnicas de análisis descriptivo y estadística inferencial no paramétrica. Los resultados mostraron que los profesionales perciben un elevado dominio de las competencias analizadas en su actividad laboral actual. Se encontraron diferencias en las valoraciones de algunas competencias en función de variables como el tipo de recurso o la experiencia laboral. El grado de dominio expresado, en el momento actual, es mayor que el expresado en la incorporación al mercado de trabajo. Se presentan implicaciones de estos resultados para la educación social.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Atmospheric Particulates Reduction Policy: The Case of South Korea
Authors: Han Hyuk , Kum Hyunsub , Kim Yong Pyo , Jung Chang Hoon
Published: May 2022

In a situation where various policy measures can be used to reduce atmospheric particulates, effectiveness and efficiency may vary depending on how the policy is designed. Therefore, this study evaluated the effectiveness and efficiency of atmospheric particulates reduction policy in order to contribute to effective and efficient policy design. To this end, this study demonstrated the effectiveness of 1st Basic Plan on Metropolitan Area Air Quality Improvement and explored the cause of the effectiveness. As a result of the study, this study did not confirm that the effect of reducing PM10 caused by the plan in the metropolitan area was significantly different from that of the non-metropolitan area where the policy was not implemented. In particular, distinct effect was not confirmed on the installation of DPF, which required a large number of costs. Based on the results, more effective and efficient policy measures will be used based on the causal relationship of atmospheric particulates generation.
HAMDULLAH MÜSTEVFÎ-Yİ KAZVÎNÎ’YE GÖRE KAZVÎN’İN TARİHÎ COĞRAFYASI ÜZERİNE BAZI NOTLAR
Authors: DOĞAN US Demet
Published: May 2022

Hamdullah Müstevfî-yi Kazvinî’nin XIV. asırda kaleme aldığı Tarih-i Güzide ve Nüzhetü’l-Kulûb adlı eserleri Kazvin şehrinin tarihîni, coğrafyasını ve kültürünü anlatan önemli kaynaklardır. Söz konusu eserler, Orta

Çağ’da Kazvin’in tarihî coğrafyasını çizebilmek adına ehemmiyet arz etmektedir. Hem İslam coğrafyacılarının hem de sonraki asırlarda bölgeyi ziyaret eden seyyahların verdiği tutarlı bilgiler İran’ın kadim şehirlerinden biri olan Kazvin’i ve tarihteki yerini daha iyi anlamayı sağlamaktadır.

Bir garnizon şehri olarak kurulan Kazvin’in coğrafî konumu itibariyle ticaret yolları üzerinde bulunması ve toprağının verimli olması şehrin ehemmiyetini arttırmıştır. Bu sebeple tarih boyunca farklı kültürleri içinde

barındırmış ve zaman içerisinde yeni yapıların inşasıyla genişlemiştir. Aynı zamanda bulunduğu konum itibarıyla tarih boyunca birçok kez saldırılara ve yağmalara maruz kalmıştır. Bu çalışmada Tarih-i Güzide ışığında Kazvin şehrinin adı, fiziki coğrafyası, kısa tarihi, şehir planı ve mimari yapısı tarihi coğrafya metoduyla incelenmeye çalışılmıştır.
KİTÂBÜ’L-İDRÂK’TA YİYECEK VE İÇECEK İSİMLERİ
Authors: POYRAZ Esra
Published: May 2022

Beslenmek, insanın yaşamını devam ettirebilmesi için ihtiyaç duyduğu önemli olgulardan biridir. Bu ihtiyaç, yeme-içme kültürü olarak toplumdan topluma farklılık gösterir. Bu farklılıkların oluşmasında bölgenin bitki örtüsü, coğrafi özellikleri, toplumun ekonomik düzeyi etkili olmaktadır. Zamanla toplumun yapısında meydana gelen farklılıklar, o toplumun yeme-içme anlayışına da etki etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, bozkır hayatı yaşayan Türklerin önemli geçim kaynağı olan hayvancılığın onların yeme ve içme kültürüne etkileri ortaya konulacaktır. Türklerin temel besin kaynaklarını, et ve etten yapılan yiyecekler oluşturmaktadır. “Tutmaç, yahni” en sevilen yemekleri arasında yer almaktadır. Ayrıca süt ve süt ürünlerinden yapılan peynir ve çeşitleri de Türklerin önemli besin kaynakları arasındadır. Hayvancılığın yanı sıra Türkler tarıma da önem vermişlerdir. Bu nedenle tarıma dayalı yeme-içme kültürü de göze çarpmaktadır. Un ile yapılan hamur işleri ve yemeklerin yanı sıra buğday ve diğer tahıl ürünleri ile yapılan yiyecekler de Türklerin beslenme kültürü içerisinde önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Günlük yaşam ile toplumun yeme-içme anlayışı arasında yakınlık söz konusudur. Kıpçak Türklerinde yiyecek ve içecek adları, onların günlük yaşamı ve beslenme kültürü ile ilgili bilgiler edinmemize yardımcı olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada da dönemin önemli sözlük ve gramer kitaplarından biri olan Kitâbü’l-İdrâk adlı eserde yer alan yiyecek ve içecek adları incelenerek dönemin beslenme anlayışı ortaya konulmaya çalışılacaktır.
BAŞLANGIÇTAN GÜNÜMÜZE KADAR RUSYA’DA TAGAR-TAŞTIK KÜLTÜRÜ ÇALIŞMALARI
Authors: NİŞANCI Hakan
Published: May 2022

Tagar-Taştık kültürü Güney Sibirya bölgesinde var olan bir Tunç Çağ (Erken Demir Çağ) kültürüdür. Bu kültür çevresinin, aynı bölgede bulunan farklı dönemlere ait ve komşu coğrafyalardaki diğer kültür evreleriyle benzer şekilde Türk kültürü ile alakalı olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu bakımdan bahsedilen kültür çevreleri için Erken dönem Türk arkeolojisi demek yanlış olmaz. Son yıllarda yapılan önemli girişim ve çalışmalar haricinde çeşitli zorluklar ve eksikliklerden dolayı Türkiye’de Türk Bozkır Arkeolojisi hakkında yeterince çalışma yapılamamaktadır. Bu düşünceden hareketle hazırlanan bu çalışmada, Türk Bozkır Arkeolojisinin geç prehistorik döneminin erken tarihli bir kültür evresi olan Tagar-Taştık kültürü hakkında Rusya’da yapılan çalışmaların tanıtılması amaçlanmıştır.