bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Drug regulation of microRNA
Authors: Abaturov A.E. , Babуch V.L.
Published: January 2024

The scientific review provides the mechanisms of drug regulation of microRNA in the human body. To write the article, information was searched using Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE, PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, Global Health, The Cochrane Library databases. To restore the reduced functional activity of microRNAs, replacement therapy is used, with modified synthetic analogs of endogenous microRNAs, and drugs that enhance the production of the body’s own microRNAs. The authors state that numerous studies have confirmed the effectiveness of miRNA replacement therapy. It is known that there are several groups of drugs among miRNA inhibitors: anti-miRNA oligonucleotides, miRNA traps, miRNA mimics that prevent miRNA binding; peptide nucleic acids, small-molecule inhibitors. The authors suggest that the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes is controlled by nuclear receptors and transcription factors, epigenetic regulation such as DNA methylation and histone acetylation, and post-translational modification. It is emphasized that ursodeoxycholic acid modulates the expression of some miRNAs. It is known that probiotic bacteria can modulate the expression level of miRNA genes. The use of probiotics is accompanied by a change in the expression of nume­rous genes of the body involved in the regulation of the inflammatory response, allergic reactions, metabolism and other biological processes. Thus, modern science is intensively studying the potential of using drugs that restore miRNA content or inhibit miRNA acti­vity for the therapy of miRNA-dependent conditions. The results of scientific research confirmed the therapeutic effect of ursodeoxycholic acid and probiotic preparations due to the effect on the acti­vity of miRNA generation in hepatobiliary diseases. Therefore, the introduction into clinical practice of drugs than can modulate the content and expression of specific miRNAs will certainly open new perspectives in the treatment of patients with hepatobiliary diseases.
Principles of diagnosis and treatment of vestibular schwannoma: a literature review
Authors: Lysenko S.A. , Lysenko N.M. , Stoika Y.V. , Botanevych Y.O.
Published: January 2024

Background. Vestibular schwannoma is a formation of Schwann cells in the vestibulocochlear zone. Despite the benign nature of the tumor, it carries risks for life, as its massiveness poses a threat to intracranial structures and their functional capacity. The purpose of the study is to conduct an analysis of modern information on the diagnosis and methods of treatment of schwannoma. Materials and methods. A literature search using keywords was conducted in Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Elsevier, and Springer databases. Results. In most cases, vestibular schwannoma is diagnosed after a number of symptoms are detected such as dizziness, hearing loss, etc. According to modern research, magnetic resonance imaging and audiogram are the most informative and at the same time gold standard for diagnosis, and verification is carried out based on pathohistology. Most schwannomas are clinically stable; however, when analyzing the information, the main approaches in the presence of such a diagnosis were determined. The safest and most non-invasive one is observation, with control of the dynamics of the clinical picture and the size of the formation. However, there are several surgical techniques for complete tumor removal. The most common of them is access through the middle cranial fossa, which, unfortunately, has several limitations. Translabyrinthine and retrosigmoid approaches are also used. The choice of treatment depends on the size, growth and symptoms of the patients. Radiotherapy is one of the relatively new methods of treatment, it is sometimes combined with a surgery. Conclusions. Thus, vestibular schwannoma requires active monitoring and the use of other treatment methods. In the presence of clinical indications, a combination of different types of treatment allows achieving positive therapeutic outcomes. A perspective for future research is the study of targeted gene therapy.
Neurological disorders with general overheating of the body (scientific and literary review)
Authors: Kravets O.V. , Yekhalov V.V. , Sedinkin V.A. , Pylypenko O.V.
Published: January 2024

Based on the understanding of the pathophysiology of heat stroke, it has been suggested that heat stroke can be considered as a form of hyperthermia that is associated with a systemic inflammatory response leading to a syndrome of multiple organ dysfunction in which encephalopathy predominates. Mechanisms of neuronal injury in heat stroke include: cellular effects (damage to membranes, mitochondria, and DNA, stimulation of excitotoxic mechanisms, protein denaturation), local effects (ischemia, inflammatory changes, edema, cytokine release, vascular damage), systemic effects (changes in cerebral blood flow, endotoxemia, translocation of bacteria through a dysfunctional gastrointestinal tract). Neurological manifestations of heat stroke develop in 3 stages according to the time of occurrence: acute, convalescent and late. In the acute stage, cerebral dysfunction prevails. Overheating of the body directly caused polyetiological cerebral dysfunction with deep suppression of consciousness in the acute stage; circulatory shock, hypoxia and cerebral ischemia, excessive accumulation of cytotoxic free radicals and oxidant brain damage developed. During the convalescence stage, cerebral dysfunction gradually decreases. This stage is characterized by transient cerebellar dysfunction. For the late stage, long-term neurological and cardiovascular complications with a constant risk of death are typical. When late stage with permanent neurologic deficits develop, cerebellar dysfunction is the most common symptom. The delayed onset of degeneration and deafferentation suggests that the syndrome is not caused by the primary lesion itself but may be a consequence of postsynaptic hypersensitivity or secondary reorganization of the involved pathways.
Dissociative motor disorders — occupational dyskinesia
Authors: Tkachyshyn V.S.
Published: January 2024

Occupational dyskinesia is a functional damage to the central nervous system, characterized by an impaired coordination of precise movements that are necessary to perform certain operations. The disease develops gradually and manifests in employees with a long work experience. At the same time, other motor functions are preserved. There are convulsive, paretic, ataxic, trembling, neuralgic and mixed clinical forms of this pathology at the present stage. In the initial period, the diagnosis of occupational dyskinesia causes certain difficulties associated with the spread of symptoms exclusively to one action. It is also difficult to verify the presence of dyskinesia itself, which is described by a patient. Treatment should be started as early as possible, as it is effective only at the initial stage of the disease. A complete and sufficiently long cessation of professional activity is necessary. Treatment is long and comprehensive. Preventive measures involve the correct organization of work with an even distribution of professional workload. Since occupational dyskinesia is diagnosed late, at the stage of already developed clinical manifestations, the prognosis for recovery is doubtful. The professional prognosis is unfavorable. Patients need reorientation and retraining for related professions.
The role of autoimmune processes in demyelinating diseases of the nervous system: focus on multiple sclerosis
Authors: Hladkykh F.V.
Published: January 2024

Background. Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by a damage to the myelin sheath of nerve cell axons. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS affecting more than 2.9 million people worldwide. The purpose was to summarize current information about the features of the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis according to the data from open sources of information. Materials and methods. The selection of publications covering the features of the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis was carried out in the PubMed, Clinical Key Elsevier, Cochrane Library, eBook Business Collection and Google Scholar databases using the following keywords: multiple sclerosis, demyelinating diseases, neurodegeneration, oligodendrocytes. Results. The course of MS has three successive phases/forms known as relapsing-remitting, primary progressive and secondary progressive. Abnormalities of immune mechanisms are proposed as protagonists of the pathogenesis of MS. Autoreactive myelin-specific lymphocytes are activated outside the CNS, they cross the blood-brain barrier and form new inflammatory demyelinating lesions. The myelinating oligodendrocyte is a target during the adaptive immune response in MS. The inflammatory reaction in the brain of patients with progressive MS is observed mainly in the large connective tissues of the meninges and the periventricular space. Treatment of MS can be divided into three categories: treatment of acute relapse, disease-modifying treatment, and symptomatic treatment. Conclusions. On the T cell side, both hel-per (CD4+) and cytotoxic (CD8+) T cells are involved in the CNS damage in MS. Peripherally activated subsets of T cells (CD4+ Th1 and Th17, CD8+) migrate through the blood-brain barrier and activate B-cells and macrophages, which causes a neuroinflammatory reaction and leads to demyelination and neurodegeneration in the CNS. Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, which are widely distributed throughout the CNS, mediate myelination and remyelination. One of the desired features of new methods for treating MS is the restoration of antigen-specific tolerance.
A Study of the Contract Spirit in Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice
Authors: Zhu Shanxiu , Cui Dan
Published: January 2024

As a famous playwright and one of the most remarkable literary figures in Britain and the world, Shakespeare is the master of humanist literature in the European Renaissance. The Merchant of Venice is one of his the most representative of works. In this play, a conflict arose from different laws: that is Roman law and Christian law. Shakespeare depicts two laws together perfectly. The spirit of contract and Shakespeare’s humanist ideas are profoundly reflected throughout the play. Shakespeare achieved his desired humanist sentiment while complying with the social and legal system of Venice. The spirit of contract plays quite an important role in social relations. This paper will explore the spirit of contract from three aspects in The Merchant of Venice: family relationships, individual relationships, and societal and individual relationships. It aims to analyze the essence of Shakespeare’s contract spirit, understand the Western countries in the dialectical way and recognize the spiritual essence of Western people.
Reproductive phenology and environmental temperatures in the Smooth Newt Lissotriton vulgaris meridionalis (Boulenger, 1882), (Amphibia, Urodela) in a Mediterranean habitat
Authors: Piccoli Antonio Pizzuti
Published: January 2024

The present work aims to contribute to the knowledge of the influence of environmental temperatures on the reproductive dynamics of the population of the Smooth Newt Lissotriton vulgaris meridionalis (Boulenger, 1882) at “Bosco di Palo” Natural Park (north of Rome, Central Italy). The data collection took place for a long – term investigation from the breeding season of 1995 – 1996 until the breeding season 2014 – 2015 (with the exception of the seasons 2003 – 2004, 2004 – 2005 and 2005 – 2006); the breeding season is considered the beginning of the filling of temporary ponds until they are completely drained. Samples were taken every fifteen days. During the breeding seasons investigated, the greatest concentration of individuals in water occurs in the period between January and May. The maximum presence of newts in water occurs with a maximum temperature range that oscillates from 14 °C to 17 °C and a minimum temperature that oscillates from 3 °C to 7 °C. From the analysis of the data it would therefore emerge that the minimum atmospheric temperature may constitute one of the most significant environmental parameter for the reproductive phase of the Smooth Newt. This data agrees with the observations reported in the present work and suggests that the identified trend can be extended to populations of Mediterranean environments.
Influences of Digital Marketing in the Buying Decisions of College Students in Ramanathapuram District, Tamilnadu, India
Authors: P. Ignatious Inpa Rajathi , A. Arockiadass , Anbalagan S.
Published: January 2024

This research investigates the influence of digital marketing channels on purchasing decisions among college students in Ramanathapuram District. The study highlights that social media marketing, online advertising, and mobile marketing exhibit substantial positive effects on purchase decisions. However, email marketing's impact appears to be more complex. Moreover, the study explores how demographic variables like gender and academic level shape these effects. Notably, freshman students display varying susceptibility to specific digital marketing messages compared to their junior, senior, or graduate counterparts. These findings offer crucial insights for marketers aiming to tailor their strategies effectively to the preferences and behaviors of college students. By understanding the differential impacts of various digital marketing channels and considering demographic nuances, marketers can refine their approaches, optimize engagement, and ultimately enhance the effectiveness of their campaigns in targeting this demographic.
A French Feminist Reading of Theresa Rebeck’s Spike Heels
Authors: Karo Hasan Hussein
Published: January 2024

This study discusses the complex personality of Georgie in Theresa Rebeck’s High Heels (1992) by depending on the feminist points of view of one of the French feminist practitioners, Luce Irigaray. A short introduction is given to illustrate the woman’s situation in this study while referring to the play. This paper is limited to the analysis of Georgie’s personality though employing some of Irigaray’s feminist ideas. Her dissatisfaction with her life and the patriarchal system will be the focusing points of this paper. Georgie’s motives and personal movements will be explained as a method to reach her dream.
ASEAN ECONOMIC DYNAMICS: ECONOMIC SOCIETY, OPPORTUNITY, AND CHALLENGE IN DISRUPTION ERA IN INDONESIA 2015-2020
Authors: Ma'arif Hilman Mahmud Akmal , Rahmawati Baiq Ulva , Kamil Muh
Published: January 2024

The global economy keeps the wheels of the economy turning and countries are starting to assemble regional groups to keep up with the flow. The ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) is a form of realization of the free market in Southeast Asia that was born from the cross-regional association of countries. This article describes the dynamics of the economy in ASEAN which includes the economic community, its opportunities, and challenges. This article is examined using one of the concepts of international relations, namely regionalism integration. Because in this study the author sees the AEC phenomenon as an idea formed with an integral geographical background in the Southeast Asian region. The AEC's orientation is to form a highly competitive economic area with many policies, consumer protections, and various agreements to create competitive economic conditions. This article is reviewed through qualitative research methods sourced through books, scientific articles, news, and others.
Articulation of Indonesia's Bebas-Aktif Foreign Policy in Responding Russia-Ukraine Conflict
Authors: Yahya Isep P
Published: January 2024

This study is about Indonesia's foreign policy in responding to the Russian and Ukrainian conflict. The war in Ukraine has attracted wide attention and influenced many country's foreign policy, including Indonesia as one of the middle powers in Asia. The conflict has sharpened the bipolarization between Ukraine supported by Western countries and Russia itself. It presents serious challenges for Indonesia, which has long been known as a neutral and non-aligned country. Under the free-active foreign policy doctrine, Indonesia is facing serious challenges to take a firm stance on the Russian-Ukrainian war and continuing its leadership in the G20 and ASEAN. Therefore, this study seeks to analyze Indonesia's foreign policy behavior and its country's role it has built in dealing with the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. By using role theory of foreign policy analysis and qualitative research methods especially textual analysis, this study finds that Indonesia displays three faces of foreign policy toward Russia-Ukraine war. First, steadfast commitment and respect to international law and the UN Charter, especially sovereignty and territorial integrity; Second, articulate free-active foreign policy attitude that integrates two opposing blocks; Third, pursue foreign policy that is advantageous for domestic interests and economic gains.
Morphometric Analysis of Irang River Watershed, Manipur, India using Remote Sensing and GIS
Authors: Goswami Karabi
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Remote sensing (RS) and GIS is considered to be a very effective tool for interpretation of high resolution satellite data for understanding and managing the nature of a drainage basin. The morphometric analysis of the drainage basin and channel network plays a significant role in comprehension of the geohydrological nature of drainage basin and expresses the prevailing climate, geological setting, geomorphology and structural antecedents of the catchment area
Analysis of Saidis Ghazals Written in Aruz
Authors: Safarboevna Khurramova Zebiniso
Published: January 2024

Abstract: This article is devoted to the analysis of the ghazals of Nizomiddin Zakirov, a writer from Samarkand, who lived in the era of the former Soviet regime and, despite his young age, created in the zsxcz ;;style of traditional Uzbek classical literature.In the 1950s and 1960s of the Shura era, he was engaged in artistic creation along with leadership activities, wrote beautiful poems and ghazals under the pseudonym Saidi. At a time when the study and promotion of national literature and national values were severely suppressed, Saidi, despite being young, deeply studied traditional Uzbek classical poetry and tried to write ghazals like his teachers. In this way, he was greatly influenced by the family environment where he was born and brought up and the work of representatives of the literary environment of Kattakurgan, which has long been considered one of the centers of creativity and enlightenment.In many of his ghazals, he tried to reinterpret traditional metaphors and achieve originality. Saidi’s works are important because they are sources that show the continuation and development of classical genres in Uzbek literature during the years of the Shura period.
Research Progress on the Performance of Aerated Concrete
Authors: Zhiwen Yang , Yi Peng , Yipeng He , Dunwei Long , Jie Yang Liu , Zeyu Yang
Published: January 2024

Abstract: With continuous attention to energy-saving emission reduction and ecological protection, people gradually realize the excellent performance of aerated concrete in energy saving, material saving, industrial solid waste utilization and other aspects, and the research of aerated concrete pays more and more attention. Aerated concrete with its own lightweight, high strength, heat insulation, heat preservation and environmental protection advantages, has been widely promoted and applied in green buildings. This paper summarizes the green characteristics of aerated concrete and discusses the application prospect of aerated concrete.
Medico-socio-religious uses of Capparis zeylanica L.
Authors:   ICAR- Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Gwalior road, Jhansi-284003, Uttar Pradesh, India, Dikshit Nilamani , Panda Taranisen ,   Department of Botany, Chandabali College, Chandabali, Bhadrak-756133, Odisha, India, Chand Dinesh ,   ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Regional Station, Dr. PDKV Campus, Akola-444104, Maharashtra, India
Published: January 2024

In the present study, distribution, morphology, biological activity, nutritional value, and traditional usage of Capparis species in general and Capparis zeylanica L. in particular are described. Different plant species are utilized in various Ayurvedic medicine formulations. Ancient texts including Shushrut, Dhanwantri, Nighantu, Kshem Kutulhan, and Madanpal highlight the medicinal benefits of Capparis. The paper presents the morphological characteristics and biological activity of the underused climber Capparis zeylanica for ethnomedicinal and socio-religious purposes.
Addition of a new report Acriopsis liliifolia (J. Koenig) Ormerod (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae) to the flora of Bangladesh
Authors:   Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chattogram-4331, Bangladesh, Huda Mohammed Kamrul , Hoque Mohammed Mozammel ,   Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chattogram-4331, Bangladesh, Jahan Ishrath ,   Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chattogram-4331, Bangladesh
Published: January 2024

Occurrence of an epiphytic orchid species viz. Acriopsis liliifolia (J. Koenig) Ormerod was recorded from more than ten countries of the world, but there is no previous report from Bangladesh. Recently it was collected from Fasiakhali Wildlife Sanctuary at Cox’s Bazar district of Bangladesh, a tropical evergreen and semi-evergreen type of forest close to the coast, and reported here as a new distributional record for Bangladesh. Detailed taxonomic description of the species along with phenology, ecology, geographical distribution, and medicinal value is provided here with illustration and photograph. The species is listed as Critically Endangered in Singapore. In Bangladesh, it may be categorized for time being as Data Deficient according to International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Red Listing criteria.
Relationships between tree slenderness coefficients and stand characteristics for major plantation-grown species in North-western Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Forestry and Environment, Faculty of Agriculture, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria, Shamaki S. B.
Published: January 2024

This study established relationships between tree slenderness coefficient (used as an index of resistance of trees to windthrow) and some stand characteristics of three major tree species used for plantation establishment in some part of North-western Nigeria. Tree measurements for diameter at breast height (DBH) and total tree height were conducted on 60 randomly selected temporary sample plots (TSP) of 20 × 20 m, while tree slenderness coefficient (TSC), basal area (BA), and tree volume were computed from the field data. Pearson correlation was used to establish a relationship between TSC and other tree variables, while nonlinear regression analysis was used in developing models for predicting TSC from DBH and tree height. Results from descriptive statistics indicate that there were low slenderness coefficient values across the three species under study. TSC was found to be negatively correlated with tree DBH, BA, and volume but positively correlated with tree height. Five candidate models were selected as base models to predict TSC from DBH alone and result from the nonlinear regression analysis revealed that the exponential function produced better fit statistics and it was further modified to include an additional tree variable (height). Results of the regression model that includes additional tree variables have better fit statistics compared to those models (base models) without additional tree variables. An exponential function model is recommended for estimating TSC from DBH and tree height for the three major plantation-grown species in North-western Nigeria.
In Vitro sterilization protocol for callus induction of Baccaurea courtallensis (Wight) Müll.Arg. - An endemic tree of Southern Western Ghats, India
Authors:   Department of Plant Science, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India, Nandhini K.
Published: January 2024

Experiments were carried out to establish in vitro culture using terminal and lateral buds of the endemic tree Baccaurea courtallensis of Phyllanthaceae which presented formidable difficulties. Besides the profuse phenol exudation, cultures were infected with intense fungal contamination. Efforts directed to control the schedule by adjusting the concentration of disinfectants NaOCl and HgCl2 with additional rinsing of explants with 70% ethanol and pre-soaking of shoots in various concentrations of the fungicide Bavistin never fetched any success. The intricately connected fungus seems to have found a niche amidst the leaf primordia in shoot apices and the axillary crevices of the nodal regions completely establishing itself in cultures. Perplexed with no remedy in sight, an interesting attempt of quick surface washing with 70% acetone was introduced in the surface sterilization schedule. Fresh explants were quickly rinsed with 70% acetone, followed by 0.1% mercuric chloride, 1% bavistin along with 4% PVP in succession and later wash with sterile distilled water enabling effective establishment of culture. Callus formation was observed on MS and WPM supplemented with auxin and cytokinin. Callus induction from the nodal region was observed at all concentrations and combinations of PGRs supplemented. Maximum induction of callus was obtained from MS medium augmented with BAP 4μM alone and in combination with IBA 1 μM +TDZ 4 μM.
Vegetative morphological study of selected species of genera Kalanchoe Adans. and Bryophyllum Salisb. (subfamily Kalanchoideae) from South Western Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Botany, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile ife, Osun State, Nigeria, Olutayo Tolulope Mary
Published: January 2024

A qualitative and quantitative morphological study of the three species of Bryophyllum and two Kalanchoe species in the subfamily Kalanchoideae was carried out to find out characters that may be useful in the identification, classification and also to solve some taxonomic problems within the subfamily Kalanchoideae. Vegetative parts from the various species were collected and subjected to morphological studies. Both qualitative and quantitative characters were recorded. Quantitative data were subjected to the least significance difference test (LSD), single linkage cluster analysis (SLCA) and principal components analysis (PCA). Unifying and diagnostic characters that are of taxonomic importance were recorded. The unifying characters propose that two genera in the Subfamily Kalanchoideae should be merged into a genus Kalanchoe with sections or subgenera under it.
Lichen - rock interaction in a temperate environment: A case study from a Panzipora area, Kashmir, India
Authors:   School of Applied Sciences, Shri Venkateshwara University, Amroha-244236, Uttar Pradesh, India, Wani Asma Hussan ,   Department of Environmental Studies, Amar Singh College, Gogjibagh, Srinagar-190008, Jammu and Kashmir, India, Shiekh Mukhtar ,   Govt. Boys Higher Secondary, Khrew, Pulwama-191103, Jammu and Kashmir, India, Kushwaha C. P. ,   School of Applied Sciences, Shri Venkateshwara University, Amroha-244236, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: January 2024

The diversity of Saxicolous lichens with their rock strata has been investigated in the rural area of Kashmir to enrich the lichen inventory in the region. The study also focuses on the quantification of the regional distribution of lichens. A total of 32 lichens belonging to 10 families and 15 genera, with each species having an average 60–70% of consistency, were found occurring on the sedimentary rocks. The diversity and relationship of particular lichen groups (e.g. Nitrophytic, Acidophytic, Neutrophytic) with growth forms (e.g. crustose, foliose, fructicose) and substratum, and with environmental variables in the habitat suggest that Lichens can act as an indicator of environmental quality in the given area. The significant variability in the spatiotemporal patterns of lichen diversity and growth indicates the crucial role of microhabitat conditions and associated micro-environmental conditions, which in turn drive the biodiversity of saxicolous lichens in the region.
Facebook: recurso didáctico para lograr el aprendizaje colaborativo en el ámbito universitario
Authors: Beltrán Lizárraga María Guadalupe
Published: January 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la presencia del aprendizaje colaborativo al utilizar Facebook en la asignatura Taller de Ética en el Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Los Cabos (ITES Los Cabos), extensión Cabo San Lucas. El diseño metodológico se estableció de corte cualitativo para estudio de caso. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo mediante la observación participante y entrevista. Las participaciones fueron analizadas bajo las siguientes dimensiones: social, participativa, interactiva, cognitiva y metacognitiva. Se creó un modelo didáctico en el que convergieron elementos tales como currículo, plan de estudios, estudiantes, herramientas de la Web 2.0, Facebook, grupo de Facebook, facilitador como mediador y modelo de Henri, lo que permitió identificar la existencia del aprendizaje colaborativo. El análisis de cada actividad mostró la presencia de las siguientes dimensiones: social y participativa, ya que los estudiantes participaron en todas las actividades de aprendizaje; interactiva al interactuar entre ellos; cognitiva y metacognitiva al opinar y reflexionar sobre los distintos temas elegidos y según su experiencia. Se concluyó que el aprendizaje colaborativo fue favorecido por el uso de las herramientas ya descritas.
أهمية تطوير طرائق تدريس اللغة العربية لأغراض أكاديمية
Authors: Zannrni Imadin M. , Al-Faris Suhair S.
Published: January 2024

يحاول البحث الحالي الموجز أن يعرّف طرائق تدريس اللغة العربية لأغراض أكاديمية  AAPعلى أنها أحد مكونات المنهج الجامعي العراقي، وأن يبين أهميتها في الارتقاء بتدريس اللغة العربية لأغراض أكاديمية، ويقف على واقعها في الجامعات العراقية، وأن ترسم بعض المسارات للنهوض بواقع برامج الترجمة في الجامعات العراقية. يستخدم البحث طريقة الملاحظة الموضوعية الوصفية لوصف التعليم العالي للغة العربية لأغراض أكاديمية في العراق. وتبرز طرائق تدريس اللغة العربية لأغراض أكاديمية كأحد أهم مكونات مناهج اللغة العربية لأغراض أكاديمية في التعليم العالي في العراق، إذ كان منهج اللغة العربية لأغراض أكاديمية قديماً مرادفاً للمقررات الدراسية ومقتصراً عليها ويرمي إلى تزويد المتعلمين بالمعارف والمعلومات دون الأخذ بالحسبان جوانب الشخصية الأخرى، وإنما كانت العناية فيه تقتصر على الناحية العقلية من نمو المتعلم، حتى إنه لم يكن يعنى بإنماء النواحي العقلية ذات الدلالة في مجتمعنا المعاصر كتنمية التفكير الابتكاري وإهمال الدوافع الموجهة للسلوك. أما المنهج حالياً فهو يتضمن جميع الخبرات التي تقدمها الجامعة إلى طلابها تحقيقاً لرسالتها الكبرى في بناء البشر وفق أهداف تربوية محددة، بما يساعد على تحقيق نموهم الشامل جسمياً وعقلياً ونفسياً وجمالياً وروحياً واجتماعياً وإنسانياً.
Students’ Perception of Project-Based Learning Implementation in Teaching English to Young Learners Class
Authors: Rusiana Rusiana , Nuraeningsih Nuraeningsih , Hajimia Hafizah
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan persepsi siswa tentang penerapan Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek (PjBL) di kelas Teaching English to Young Learners (TEYL). TEYL adalah mata kuliah wajib untuk mahasiswa tahun ketiga sebagai penciri jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris sebuah universitas swasta di Indonesia. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian tersebut, data diperoleh melalui angket dan observasi. Hasil temuan penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi terhadap body of knowledge penelitian tentang TEYL dan secara khusus memberikan wawasan lebih bagi para peneliti di TEYL. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kualiitatif dan dilaksanakan di kelas TEYL dengan 32 mahasiswa sebagai responden. Angket digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data tentang persepsi mahasiswa terhadap implementasi PjBL dan lembar observasi digunakan untuk mengetahui keterlibatan mahasiswa di kelas. Kuesioner dibuat berdasarkan teori Robbins and Judge (2013). Data kemudian dianalisis secara tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa mempersepsikan proyek secara netral untuk tiga aspek perciever, target dan situation. Para siswa tidak terlalu termotivasi dan terlibat dalam proyek karena tantangan Covid 19 terjadi dalam waktu bersamaan pada pelaksanaan penelitian. Mereka dipaksa untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran online dan melaksanakan proyek secara individu dengan pembimbingan secara luring yang kurang intensif.This research is aimed to portray the students’ perception of the implementation of PjBL in a Teaching English to Young Learners (TEYL)  class. To answer the questions, the data are obtained through a questionnaire and observation. The findings of the research are expected to contribute to the body of knowledge of research on TEYL and specifically to give more insights to researchers in TEYL. Using qualitative research design, the study was implemented in a TEYL class with 32 students as the participants of English Education Department of Universitas Muria Kudus in the academic year 2019/2020. A questionnaire was used to collect the data and was analyzed thematically using percentage. The research reveals that the students perceived the project neutrally for three aspects of perceiver, target and situation. The observation shows that the students have limited access to their group members out of classroom discussion. In addition, the lecturer only gave minimum assistance before and after the completion of the project. During the project completion, either the lecturer and students or the students and the students seemed not connected. Further factors that might contribute to the success of PjBL should be taken into account, such as the teacher’s role as facilitator, the use of various technological learning media and effective communication between students and teacher and among students themselves.
A Peek at Indonesia Through Podcasts: A Case Study of Language and Culture Diplomacy Through Technology-Based Learning Media for the Darmasiswa Pre-Departure Program
Authors: Widianto Eko , Weix G.G. , Aulia Rahmania Sofi
Published: January 2024

Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia mulai menyelenggarakan program persiapan keberangkatan bagi mahasiswa penerima beasiswa Darmasiswa RI sebelum berangkat ke Indonesia. Program ini dilakukan secara daring selama sepuluh kali pertemuan. Tujuannya adalah untuk memberi mereka bekal pengantar bahasa Indonesia dan budaya lokal Indonesia sehingga mereka tidak mengalami gegar budaya. Untuk itu, tulisan ini menjelaskan proses pembelajaran daring dalam program persiapan keberangkatan mahasiswa peraih beasiswa Darmasiswa Republik Indonesia. Fokus kajian ini adalah penggunaan podcast sebagai media pendukung dalam diplomasi bahasa dan budaya Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan auto-etnografi. Dalam pembelajaran ini, podcast dianggap representatif untuk diplomasi bahasa dan budaya. Ada juga peluang dan tantangan dalam menggunakan podcast untuk pemelajar internasional yang belajar bahasa Indonesia. Meskipun demikian, secara umum, media ini dapat direkomendasikan sebagai salah satu dukungan untuk proses diplomasi sehingga siswa dapat mengenal Indonesia secara komprehensif, baik secara mandiri maupun di bawah bimbingan pengajar di kelasThe Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia began organizing a departure preparation program for Darmasiswa RI scholarship students prior to leaving for Indonesia. This program is carried out online for ten meetings. The goal is to provide them with introductory Indonesian provisions and local Indonesian culture so they do not experience culture shock. For this reason, this paper describes the online learning process in the pre-departure program of Darmasiswa students. The focus of the discussion was the use of podcasts as a supporting media in Indonesian language and culture diplomacy. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with an auto-ethnography approach. In this learning, podcasts are considered adequate for language and cultural diplomacy. There are also opportunities and challenges in using podcast for international students studying Indonesian. Nonetheless, in general, this media can be recommended as one of the supports for the diplomatic process so that students could get to know Indonesia better, both autonomously and under the guidance of teachers in the class.
Mitigating Speech Acts of Criticizing and Its Translation Techniques Analysis in Siren’s Lament Webtoon in English to Indonesian Version
Authors: Putri Ratih Mutiara Kencana , Harisma Rita , Fahmi Muhammad Khoirul
Published: January 2024

Mitigation merupakan modifikasi tindak tutur yang perlu disesuaikan sesuai dengan suatu bahasa, pengesuaian ini dipengaruhi oleh penerapan teknik terjemahan yang dipakai oleh penerjemah. Penelitian ini dibuat untuk menganalisis bentuk-bentuk mitigasi tindak tutur mengkritik di Webtoon Siren's Lament versi bahasa Inggris ke bahasa Indonesia, menentukan penggunaan teknik penerjemahan, dan mengukur kualitas terjemahan dari ekspresi mitigasi tindak tutur mengkritik di webtoon tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Peneliti menemukan 34 data ungkapan-ungkapan mitigasi tindak tutur mengkritik yang terdiri dari 4 mitigasi eksternal yaitu steers, sweeteners, disarmers, dan grounders. Untuk jenis mitigasi internal, terdapat 7 mitigasi internal yang terdiri dari past tense, interrogative, modal, cajolers, downteners, Appealer, dan understater. Terdapat 13 jenis teknik dari 18 teknik penerjemahan yang diterapkan untuk menerjemahkan ungkapan-ungkapan yang meringankan tindak tutur mengkritik. Teknik-teknik tersebut berdampak pada keakuratan dan akseptabilitas kualitas terjemahan dengan skor akurasi 2,61 dan akseptabilitas 2,46. Dengan demikian, kualitas terjemahan dikategorikan akurat dan akseptabilitas sedang. Mitigation is a modification of a speech act that needs to be adjusted according to a language, this adjustment is influenced by the application of the translation technique used by the translator. This paper proposed to analyze mitigation speech acts of criticizing forms in Siren's Lament Webtoon in English to Indonesian version, to determine the utilization of translation techniques, and to measure the translation quality of expressions mitigating speech acts of criticizing in the webtoon. The research applied the descriptive qualitative method. The researchers found 34 data of expressions mitigation speech acts of criticizing consisted of 4 external mitigation, namely steers, sweeteners, disarmers, and grounders. For the internal mitigation types, 7 internal mitigation consisted of past tense, interrogative, modal, cajolers, downteners, appealers, and understaters. There were 13 technique types from 18 translation techniques applied to translate the expressions of mitigating speech acts of criticizing. These techniques impact the accuracy and acceptability of the translation quality with a score of 2,61 for accuracy and 2,46 for acceptabilty. Thus, the translation quality is categorized as accurate and medium acceptability.
Analisis Semiotik Roland Barthes dalam Tradisi Kalomba Kajang
Authors: Mustafa Mutakhirani , Susilowati Anggi Yus
Published: January 2024

Kajang tribe is famous for its traditions and customs that are upheld. One of the kajang traditions that shows the tribal identity is kalomba tradition. Researchers are interested to know the meaning of philosophy in kalomba tradition for kajang people. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the denotative meaning, connotative meaning and myth using Roland Barthes theory in kalomba tradition in Kajang people. The approach used in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach. Based on the results of the study, conclusions were drawn on the denotative meaning of Kalomba tradition, namely as a gathering of families and local communities to eat together, listen to entertainment in the form of musical instruments, and melodious singing and prayer together for the future of children. While the meaning is connotative kalomba tradition as a traditional tradition kajang done by parents of Kajang descent who have children aged 3 to 8 years, they are obliged to do Kalomba with the aim that their child avoids hereditary diseases and bad luck that has been sworn by their ancestors. Based on the analysis of the meanings that have been described, there is a concept called hierofani. Hierofani is a manifestation or appearance of the sacred and exfolied in a tradition. In addition, Kalomba tradition is also a collective religious expression. Because every stage at the Kalomba event has the meaning of the philosophy of life that has become a myth in the middle of Kajang people. They believe that if they do not carry out the Kalomba tradition, they will be afflicted with bad luck and disease to their descendants.
Al-Qur’an dan Perubahan Sosial: Menggerakan Budaya Literasi untuk Kesejahteraan
Authors: Nandang Kris
Published: January 2024

The literacy level in Indonesia shows worrying data, quoted from UNESCO, the level of reading interest in Indonesia is only 0.001%. In other words, out of a thousand Indonesians, only one person is active in reading. This article aims to explore the Al-Qur'an and other sources related to literacy and their relevance to welfare. Considering the low level of literacy in Indonesia, joint efforts are needed to improve this condition. This research uses a qualitative method based on library research by elaborating on verses, hadith and other sources related to literacy and sources related to implementation of welfare through the theory of social change. The results of this research show that there is a connection between improving the quality of literacy and the prosperity that the whole community aspires to. Several efforts are offered in the form of grounding the urgency of literacy supported by holistic support from all parties, namely educational institutions, families and the environment as part of social change.
Peran Dinas Sosial Dalam Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Lansia Terlantar di Kota Tanjungpinang
Authors: Suryanti Ulya Maylani , Incen Muhammad , Nikodemus
Published: January 2024

Demographic changes in Indonesia indicate a significant increase in the elderly population each year, leading to the emergence of various social issues such as poverty, violent behavior, neglect, and the elderly's dependence on others. Fulfilling the daily needs of the elderly is a crucial step in enhancing their well-being, with the family playing a central role in providing support. Elderly individuals undergo significant physical, psychological, and social changes as they age, increasing their need for a place of refuge and love, particularly from their families. Therefore, this research aims to explore the role of the Social Services Department in improving the welfare of neglected elderly individuals in Tanjungpinang. The research employs a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data is gathered through interviews and documentation. Interview results are guided by interview protocols. This study identifies a range of factors that lead to elderly neglect before their admission to the Happy House Embung Fatimah, managed by the Tanjungpinang City Social Services Department. These factors encompass family issues, economic challenges, social environment concerns, and health problems. The Happy House Embung Fatimah serves as a specialized institution dedicated to caring for elderly individuals without family support. The findings of this research will provide valuable insights into efforts to enhance the well-being of neglected elderly individuals and the role of the Social Services Department in this context
Etika Filsafat Dalam Meyikapi Over Religiusitas Pada Masyarakat Modern (Pendeketan Teori “Egoisme” Nietzsche)
Authors: Fauzan Akbar Novianto  , Risladiba
Published: January 2024

In communal life, it is only fitting that as religious individuals, we should possess ethics and morals, as ethics and morals are taught in every religion. However, as time goes by, the values of ethics and morals have begun to fade in society due to the selfishness of people who prioritize themselves to secure a prominent position for themselves. Nietzsche has touched upon the selfish attitude of society in his theories such as Übermensch and Zarathustra, thus giving rise to Nietzsche's Ethical Egoism theory. By employing a literature review method and qualitative data analysis, the author attempts to dissect the issue of over-religiosity in society and seeks resolutions using Nietzsche's theories. Consequently, the solution to this issue is found in realizing the essence of religion itself, where believing in God and practicing religion should inherently involve ethics and morals. Additionally, understanding oneself as having extraordinary potential, everything should be critically examined and not easily controlled by others.
Strategi Adaptasi Masyarakat Terpencil dalam Menghadapi Resesi Global dengan Kearifan Lokal
Authors: Putra Sipin , Soerachman Rachmalina , Pranata Setia
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to describe the adaptation strategies of remote society in dealing with inflation and recession. How can purchasing power continue to grow even though the economy depends on natural products. The data in this study uses village economic data. Secondary economic data is processed together with qualitative data.
This study uses a descriptive qualitative method. Researchers conducted FGDs with community groups, village government. Researchers conducted in-depth interviews with selected informants and made observations. Researchers doing data triangulation with participation observation. Data triangulation aims to make the data more objective, accurate and detailed according to people's living conditions.
Local wisdom such as subsistence behavior is one of the adaptation strategies in dealing with inflation and recession. The wheels of the economy keep turning even though there are changes in consumption patterns. The ups and downs of purchasing power depend on harvest and natural conditions.
Human Soluble TRAIL Secreted by Modified Lactococcus lactis Bacteria Promotes Tumor Growth in the Orthotopic Mouse Model of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Kaczmarek Katarzyna , Więckiewicz Jerzy , Que Ivo , Gałuszka-Bulaga Adrianna , Chan Alan , Siedlar Maciej , Baran Jarek
Published: January 2024

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) selectively induces apoptosis of sensitive cancer cells, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Due to its short biological half-life after intravenous administration and related clinical ineffectiveness, novel formulations of TRAIL need to be developed. Here we propose Lactococcus lactis bacteria as a vehicle for local delivery of human soluble TRAIL (hsTRAIL) in CRC. The use of common probiotics targeting guts as carriers for TRAIL could ensure its sustained release at the tumor site and extend the duration of its activity. We have already engineered hsTRAIL-secreting L.lactis bacteria and showed their effectiveness in elimination of human CRC cells in vitro and in vivo in a mouse subcutaneous model. Here, L.lactis(hsTRAIL+) were administered by gastric gavage to SCID mice with orthotopically developed HCT116 tumor in cecum, in monotherapy or in combination with metformin (MetF), already shown to enhance the hsTRAIL anti-tumor activity in subcutaneous CRC model. Oral administration of L.lactis(hsTRAIL+) resulted in significant progression of HCT116 tumors and shortening of the colon crypts. Secretion of hsTRAIL in the colon was accompanied by infiltration of the primary tumor with M2-macrophages, while MetF promoted transient colonization of the gut by L.lactis. Our study indicates that L.lactis bacteria after oral administration enable delivery of biologically active hsTRAIL to colon, however its potential therapeutic effect in CRC treatment is abolished by its pro-tumorigenic signalling, leading to the recruitment of M2-macrophages and tumor growth promotion.