bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fast Digital Promotion Dalam Meningkatkan Penjualan Home Production Pada Masyarakat Padukuhan Santren Sleman
Authors: Sutiyono  , Nasrulloh Rifqi Syarif , Zahro Alfinatuz , Agustiani Dwi Irma
Published: February 2024

The "Tuwuh Makmur" Farmer's Group, Padukuhan Santren, Caturtunggal Village is a forum for women farmers' associations that have an empowerment and profit-oriented orientation in the economic sector in order to achieve a better standard of living. Based on the results of observations and FGDs conducted with women who are members of KWT Tuwuh Makmur, there are still several obstacles in promoting digital-based products and low skills in the fields of technology, information and communication. Based on partners' problems, this PKM activity has general objectives, namely, 1) Resolving digital skills issues to improve the soft skills and hard skills of business actors (partners). 2) Resolving partner problems related to product promotion from conventional methods to internet-based methods. 3) Increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of promotions towards fast digital promotion by utilizing social media and websites. 4) Implementation of the adoption of sustainable green economy practices by business actors (partners). The method in this PKM activity goes through 4 core stages, namely 1) partner observation, 2) gradual dissemination of technology, information and communication, 3) intense mentoring consisting of socialization activities, continuous training and mentoring, and 4) activity evaluation. From this training activity, KWT Tuwuh Makmur members were very enthusiastic in participating in each series of activities, namely exploring potential and innovation in online marketing using social media. KWT Tuwuh Makmur has experienced an increase in understanding of digital promotion and is willing to take part in other programs that will be held again because they feel that the services provided can increase knowledge about digital promotion. From the data that has been taken, KWT Tuwuh Makmur hopes that practical training will be learned and applied to make it easier to market products on social media.
Pendampingan Pencegahan Stunting Berbasis Tata Kelola Akuntansi Rumah Tangga di Desa Bakung Kabupaten Serang
Authors: Arianto Bambang , Handayani Bekti
Published: February 2024

Stunting prevention program has become a national health program that has been started in a structured way from the central level to rural areas. Efforts to prevent stunting, especially in rural areas, are still hampered due to the lack of knowledge and understanding in household accounting management. The impact is that the mothers of toddlers are not able to meet the nutrition of toddlers properly due to poor household financial management. In the community service activity in Bakung Village, Serang Regency on 22th January 2023, assistance was provided on stunting prevention strategies based on the strengthening of household accounting governance. In this assistance, a variety of new knowledge and technical assistance has been given regarding efforts to prevent stunting based on household accounting according to the character of the rural community. The success of this service activity is seen from the beginning to increase the knowledge and understanding of the mothers of toddlers about the importance of household accounting in the management of nutritious food for the prevention of stunting. The final result of the activity is that the strengthening of household accounting governance can provide new knowledge and technical understanding for mothers under five in the prevention strategy of stunting in Bakung Village, Serang Regency.
Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Properties of Four Types of Honey as
Related to their Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents
Authors: Mohammed Seif Eldin A. , El-Niweiri Mogbel , AL-Shehri3 Badria , Ghramh Hamed , Khan Khalid Ali , Elimam Mohammed , Kabbashi Ahmed , Koko Waleed
Published: February 2024

Abstract: This study explores the antibacterial and antifungal activity of four floral honey types (12 samples) (A. seyal, Zizuphus spina-christi, Cucurbita maxima and A. nilotica) as related to their phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and assessing their cytotoxic effects. The cup-plate agar diffusion assay was employed to examine the antimicrobial potency against different pathogens including Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. Scavenging activity, total phenolic, flavonoid contents, and cytotoxicity were determined by the DPPH radical scavenging, Folin–Ciocalteu, spectrophotometry, and Brine shrimp lethality, bioassays respectively. All assessed honeys significantly inhibited the growth of the tested pathogens. Both Acacias honey exhibited high antioxidants with IC50: 6.68 and 9.08 mg/ml respectively for A. seyal and A. nilotica. The total phenol content varied from 5.75 to 67.95 mg (GAE)/100 g while the overall flavonoid content varied from 0.15 to 0.5mg (QE)/100 g. All honey types expressed no cytotoxicity effects one cell lines. Thus the study, supports the existing antimicrobial activity of honey. However, the strong antimicrobial activity of Cucurbita and Ziziphus honeys, with their corresponded poor antioxidant furtherly provides evidence that the high levels of phenolic substances in honeys is not always the only cause of their antimicrobial potency.
Inmigración y gestión de la comunicación: ¿logística humanitaria vs logística comercial?
Authors: Valero-Garces Carmen
Published: February 2024

Resumen: La acción humanitaria es a menudo un esfuerzo multifacético y multilingüe en la que una comunicación deficiente pueden tener consecuencias vitales. Los traductores e intérpretes profesionales (Tr&In), así como el personal multilingüe de organizaciones internacionales, nacionales o locales, desempeñan un papel fundamental a la hora de garantizar una comunicación eficaz. El objetivo principal de este artículo es analizar críticamente la consideración de la actuación de los agentes de la comunicación en entornos multilingües en dos elementos fundamentales en las sociedades: los organismos oficiales (administración del estado) y la sociedad civil (ONGs) con el fin de averiguar si van en la misma dirección o si existen diferencias entre ellos en la consideración del papel(es) de la lengua en situaciones de crisis y emergencia para la construcción de una sociedad más inclusiva y cosmopolita.
Palabras clave: Ética. Crisis y emergencia. Sociedad civil. Traducción e Interpretación en los Servicios Públicos. TISP.ONG.
Supporting Dietitians in Practice: Professional Development Activities of Dietitians of Canada in the Past 30 Years
Authors: Hou Sophia , Krieger Rebecca , Uppal Manseerat , Wyatt Marlene , Dietrich Linda , Brauer Paula , Randall Simpson Janis
Published: February 2024

Dietitians of Canada (DC) was established in 1997 from the Canadian Dietetic Association and the provincial associations. This project is part of a larger program of work to document the recent history of Canadian dietetic practice, including the professional development (PD) initiatives DC has provided since its inception. The aims of the present study are to synthesize a timeline of PD events since 1993, understand the context that led to their development, and understand their impact on the profession. 13 key informants were recruited by email, of which 11 semi-structured interviews were conducted, and 8 participants provided written contributions. Interview transcripts and written contributions were analyzed thematically, and a final timeline of events was developed. Six themes were found: 1) the use of technology in PD tools, e.g. online courses, Learning on Demand; 2) conferences and workshops , e.g. national conference, Coast-to-Coast workshops; 3) initiatives that placed DC as a leader in health and nutrition, e.g. Practice-based Evidence in Nutrition (PEN); 4)  informal discussion about emerging issues in dietetics, e.g. PEN Current Issues, Practice Blog; 5) DC actively sought member input to inform PD strategy, e.g. members issues forums; and, 6) DC PD events demonstrated their support for research and dietetic education, e.g. relationship with CFDR, public health online course. Key concerns for the future included: declining DC membership and funding, and dietetics not keeping pace with other professions on PD. The successes and failures of initiatives in this time period can inform the development of DC’s PD strategy for the coming decades.
Voces y lugares desde Abya Yala
Authors: Tettamanzy Ana Lúcia
Published: February 2024

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La escuela como espacio de reproducción cultural-lingüística
Authors: Chahuayo Sucñer Víctor Manuel , Barbaran Ludeña Wilian , Burga Muñoz Wilmer
Published: February 2024

This research includes the wankas, which are a set of songs dedicated to the planting of maize as an ancestral practice in a peasant community. For this reason, the objective has been to collect and understand local knowledge in agriculture (corn planting) as a linguistic identity based on the orality and writing of the wankas of southern Quechua at the Guillermo Viladegut Educational Institution of the San Sebastián de Curasco Peasant Community (Apurimac, Perú). To achieve this purpose, a qualitative approach has been followed, through a case study design and the semi-structured interview that was applied by the students of the VII cycle to six wise women from the community has been used. One of the results obtained is that the school is the space for the reproduction of local knowledge in the mother tongue (Southern Quechua), strengthening the oral and written linguistic identity of the Wankas in the students.
Afromexicanos
Authors: Tenorio López Ariadna N.
Published: February 2024

The constitutional recognition of Black people in Mexico took place through a lengthy process involving Black populations, authorities, activists, and the sometimes-contradictory efforts of Mexican and foreign scholars. This article analyzes how Mexican blackness is constructed in texts from the American academy, as it has had the greatest exposure and impact in global academic discourse. Specifically, it refers to works that Mexican anthropologists acknowledge as having significant influence in the field of Afro-Mexican studies. The purpose of this analysis is to demonstrate how these works originate from a hegemonic locus of enunciation that privileges a first-world experience, hindering the understanding of the Black Mexican experience.
Literatura indígena y resistencia en Brasil
Authors: Guedes de Souza Elis Regina
Published: February 2024

We know that the writer Eliane Potiguara is a voice of resistance in the midst of the erasure of the culture and literature of indigenous peoples, so this paper aims to highlight the role and contribution of this indigenous writer to Indigenous Literature by women in Brazil. Our study is a bibliographical survey of the writer's career, based on other indigenous voices that highlight her importance, as well as an analysis of some fragments of poems from her book Metade Cara, Metade Máscara (2018). As a theoretical contribution, we drew on Castro (2022), Graúna (2012), Mendonça (2012) and Mignolo (2017). We conclude our study by emphasizing that Eliane Potiguara, through her struggles and her writing, consolidates herself as the first indigenous woman writer in Brazil, inaugurating the indigenous women's writing movement in the country.
Solo en la encrucijada soy un centro. Experiencias de escritura creativa
Authors: Márquez Vargas Vanessa Alejandra
Published: February 2024

El texto resalta la versatilidad y los propósitos de la escritura creativa como medio para recrear vivencias y explorar emociones, así como brindar perspectiva y significado a la realidad escrita, por medio de una experiencia de escritura creativa en formato taller, que surgió a raíz del confinamiento por la pandemia de covid-19 en 2020. Esta experiencia cumplió fines terapéuticos para los participantes y atisbó, asimismo, una experiencia autoetnográfica para su orientadora. El objetivo es enfatizar la práctica de escritura creativa, con el empleo de técnicas y herramientas literarias y psicológicas, para estimular la transformación de una idea en una sensación y esto a su vez en un relato. El texto apunta finalmente a que la escritura es una forma de afirmación personal y social. La escritura creativa es un mecanismo útil para reconocer lo sensitivo, lo que da lugar a la multiplicidad de voces y perspectivas en la creación, más allá de las clasificaciones en géneros o tipificaciones discursivas.
Militarización: control y violencia en la escuela hondureña, una contradicción en la educación para la paz
Authors: Mejia-Elvir Percy Emanuel
Published: February 2024

Este artículo propone reflexionar sobre la relevancia del proceso de militarización en los centros educativos de Honduras, en su relación con el paradigma de la educación para la paz. Considerando una revisión documentaria y el análisis de los datos sobre los acontecimientos posteriores al golpe de Estado de 2009 desde un análisis de contenido, se aborda la militarización como un fenómeno más sutil que no solo se basa en la imposición de la fuerza, sino que también se presenta de manera invisible en la sociedad. Esta perspectiva plantea preocupaciones significativas, como el posible recrudecimiento de las desigualdades sociales y la erosión de los derechos fundamentales. La conexión entre lo militar y lo educativo plantea un dilema ético, ya que puede poner en riesgo los derechos de la niñez y limitar las oportunidades de desarrollar espacios de aprendizaje democrático y de convivencia armoniosa. La visión de militarizar la sociedad continúa ocupando e invadiendo espacios en múltiples escenarios sociales hondureño.
BKV CEO: If You Have the Skills To Pay the Bills, CCS Is a ‘Tremendous Business’
Authors: Jacobs Trent
Published: February 2024

Shale gas producer BKV Corp. has made the leap into the US carbon capture and storage (CCS) sector, becoming the latest upstream firm to challenge the idea that only industry giants can make significant moves in this emerging arena.

Founded in 2015 as a privately held subsidiary of Thailand’s coal and energy conglomerate Banpu, BKV and its fewer than 400 employees have quickly built the company into the 17th largest gas producer in the US. In addition to its upstream operations in the Barnett and Marcellus shales, BKV’s business model borrows from its Thai energy roots and includes ownership of two natural gas power plants in Texas.

But the firm is better known within upstream technical circles for its leadership in refracturing horizontal wells in the Barnett where it is the largest operator both in terms of acreage and flowing wells.

No stranger to diversification, BKV is now shifting its focus to CCS—a market anticipated to balloon almost fivefold from $3 billion to over $14 billion by the end of the decade. This growth is being propelled in the US by new legislation offering $85 in tax credits for each ton of CO2 sequestered, effectively turning the greenhouse gas into a valuable commodity.

The company’s inaugural CCS project, in collaboration with Dallas-based EnLink Midstream, launched this past November in Bridgeport, Texas. Called the Barnett Zero Project, BKV and its partner are targeting the sequestration of approximately 210,000 mtpa of CO2e. Hitting that target means potentially generating over $17.8 million in annual tax credits, a sum that offers a swift return on investment for those who can manage costs.

BKV has also established a new business unit called dCarbon Ventures which is leading a separate CCS joint venture in the Barnett play called Cotton Cove. The $17.6-million project, $9 million of which will be put up by BKV, is expected to begin injecting up to 45,000 mtpa by the end of next year. Beyond that, BKV and its subsidiaries have secured rights for a large-scale project spanning 21,000 acres in neighboring Louisiana which would source its emissions from the industrial and petrochemical plants around the New Orleans area.

Steering these ambitious projects is BKV’s CEO, Chris Kalnin, alongside Lauren Read, vice president of the gas company’s dCarbon Ventures. Under their leadership, BKV hopes to achieve net-zero Scope 1 and 2 emissions by next year—decades ahead of most industry reduction targets. The company is not stopping there and is ambitioning to do what most US-based operators have so far refrained from, which is to offset its Scope 3 emissions sometime next decade.

In the following Q&A, Kalnin and Read discuss the motivations behind the Barnett Zero Project, its significance in the context of independent producers, and what it signals about BKV’s broader strategy.
Rig Automation Empowers Well Construction in Ecuador
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: February 2024

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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 216249, “Digital Innovation of Well-Construction Process in Ecuador Through Rig Automation,” by Karen Peña, Kevin Etcheverry, and Hugo Quevedo, SPE, SLB, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

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Artificial intelligence (AI)-based digital drilling technology was implemented in two mature fields in Ecuador that represent 33% of the country’s oil production. The drilling campaign’s main strategy included the deployment of a novel automation solution on two rigs, resulting in the optimization of the well-construction process. In the complete paper, the authors present the results of implementation of a rig-automation solution applied to 20 wells in 2022.

Scope of the Digital Solution

The authors detail the validation, optimization, and implementation of a drilling software to automate work flows and the installation and commissioning of associated hardware components. The following key indicators and objectives were established:

- Validation of drilling-software work flows

- Achievement of a 75% average in automation control

- Improvement of rate of penetration (ROP) by 5%

- Reduction of pre- and post-connection times by at least 30%

- Real-time tuning of parameters

- Training of all personnel involved in the use of the drilling-software package

- Installation and commission of hardware components

Drilling-Software Implementation

The digital solution is an advanced software system that brings automation capabilities to drilling rigs, analogous to the different levels of automation found in automobiles. By drawing a parallel to car automation, one can better understand the system’s functionality and benefits.

Level 1 consists of task automation, comparable to automatic driving features such as cruise control. In this context, the drilling software takes on the role of automating specific tasks within the drilling process.

Level 2 involves process automation, similar to a car’s ability to autonomously park itself. The digital solution automates selected processes in drilling operations that enable efficient and precise execution.

Level 3 encompasses adaptive automation, akin to a self-driving car that dynamically adapts to its surroundings. The drilling software continuously analyzes the real-time conditions of the wellbore and suggests optimal drilling parameters based on proprietary algorithms that leverage the well-known DeTournay model principle.

The drilling software actively controls four key rig machines: the drawworks, topdrive, automated driller, and mud pumps. The solution adjusts drilling parameters intelligently, optimizing the drilling process and improving overall efficiency and drilling stability.
Study Investigates Seismic Monitoring for Carbon Storage Leak Detection
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: February 2024

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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper IPTC 22980, “Carbon Storage Leak Detection Through Seismic FWI and RTM: Different Survey Analyses,” by Sajjad Amani, Kyoto University. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2023 International Petroleum Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission.

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In the complete paper, marine seismic data processing is investigated as a tool for monitoring possible leakages in geological carbon storage. Because of the great importance of storage permanence, a precise leakage-monitoring strategy is crucial. The proficiency of seismic monitoring solutions for leakage monitoring can be affected by shallower layers as a result of structure, seismic wave attenuation, and leak size. The authors explore two popular seismic monitoring methods used in this application in different scenarios: full waveform inversion (FWI) and reverse-time migration (RTM).

Introduction

Among the various carbon capture and storage (CCS) options, underground storage in saline aquifers is the best-understood solution. To assure storage consistency and permanence, finding the best strategy to precisely detect possible carbon leaks is essential. A perfect method must demonstrate the difference between stored CO2 and injected CO2 to detect potential fast- and slow-leakage areas. The seismic monitoring technique is the most efficient approach in this respect.

Two popular tools for seismic monitoring are FWI and RTM. Several studies of their use in this application have been conducted. However, previous research did not analyze different survey arrays for carbon-leak detection using FWI and RTM. The current research aims to investigate quantitative aspects of CCS monitoring to conduct sensitivity analysis of the three different survey arrays [vertical seismic profile (VSP), crosswell, and surface] for different amounts of CO2-storage leakage in a saline aquifer reservoir. The capability of seismic-imaging methods for small amounts of leakage was tested. Comparison of these three arrays using monitoring methods such as RTM and FWI reveals their pros and cons in providing detailed information about the reservoir.

In this research, a simple synthetic model was built that closely fits actual reservoirs characterized by suitable physical features such as velocity and density. Subsequently, elastic wave propagation simulation was implemented by use of a finite-difference scheme over a physical model of the reservoir. Then, FWI was applied to enhance the accuracy of the model parameters. With an efficient forward-modeling and inversion scheme, RTM was used as a powerful imaging tool that provides final high-resolution results for monitoring CO2 migration and possible leakage. This process examined the synthetic model for different amounts of CO2 leakage in saline aquifers to evaluate the performance of CO2 leakage monitoring using the seismic method. The results of the different receiver and source arrays also were compared to establish their effectiveness.
Development of novel resistivity-chargeability statistical relationships for subsurface characterization at Langkawi, Kedah.
Authors: BALA GABRIEL ABRAHAM , Bery Andy Anderson , Gnapragasan Joseph , Akingboye Adedibu Sunny
Published: February 2024

The significance of resistivity-chargeability relationships has been acknowledged and applied in various geologic terrains and different environmental conditions. However, there remains an underexplored opportunity to fully utilize these methods in complex geological terrains with a mixture of granitic and sedimentary rocks, where empirical relationships have not been established. Such discoveries are crucial for accurately delineating petrophysical and geomechanical properties, which are essential in addressing urgent environmental concerns like landslides, foundation collapse, groundwater shortages, and pollution. To address this research gap, a novel approach was employed, resistivity-chargeability data with simple linear regression modeling. The study focused on developing resistivity-chargeability relationships specifically tailored for tropical granitic environments, using a typical example from Kedah Langkawi, Malaysia. The regions are characterized by complex geological features, ruggedness, and irregular progressive weathering and fracturing of subsurface strata, making the task challenging. Despite these complexities, the study successfully derived an efficient resistivity-chargeability empirical relation that correlates resistivity and chargeability. The derived empirical relationship exhibited high accuracy, surpassing 87%, in predicting chargeability from resistivity datasets or vice versa. This achievement holds great promise in promptly and accurately addressing environmental issues specific to the target region under study. By utilizing this novel resistivity-chargeability relationship, geoscientists, engineers and environmental practitioners can make informed decisions and effectively manage environmental challenges in these regions, especially during the pre-development stage.
Machine learning models for diagnosis and risk prediction in eating disorders, depression, and alcohol use disorder
Authors: Desrivières Sylvane , Zhang Zuo , Robinson Lauren , Whelan Robert , Jollans Lee , Wang Zijian , Nees Frauke , Chu Congying , Bobou Marina , Du Dongping , Cristea Ilinca , Banaschewski Tobias , Barker Gareth , Bokde Arun , Grigis Antoine , Garavan Hugh , Heinz Andreas , Bruhl Rudiger , Martinot Jean-Luc , Martinot Marie-Laure Paillère , Artiges Eric , Orfanos Dimitri Papadopoulos , Poustka Luise , Hohmann Sarah , Millenet Sabina , Fröhner Juliane , Smolka Michael , Vaidya Nilakshi , Walter Henrik , Winterer Jeanne , Broulidakis M. , van Noort Betteke , Stringaris Argyris , Penttilä Jani , Grimmer Yvonne , Insensee Corinna , Becker Andreas , Zhang Yuning , King Sinead , Sinclair Julia , Schumann Gunter , Schmidt Ulrike
Published: February 2024

This study uses machine learning models to uncover diagnostic and risk prediction markers for eating disorders (EDs), major depressive disorder (MDD), and alcohol use disorder (AUD). Utilizing case-control samples (ages 18-25 years) and a longitudinal population-based sample (n=1,851), the models, incorporating diverse data domains, achieved high accuracy in classifying EDs, MDD, and AUD from healthy controls. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC-ROC [95% CI]) reached 0.92 [0.86-0.97] for AN and 0.91 [0.85-0.96] for BN, without relying on body mass index as a predictor. The classification accuracies for MDD (0.91 [0.88-0.94]) and AUD (0.80 [0.74-0.85]) were also high. Each data domain emerged as accurate classifiers individually, with personality distinguishing AN, BN, and their controls with AUC-ROCs ranging from 0.77 to 0.89. The models demonstrated high transdiagnostic potential, as those trained for EDs were also accurate in classifying AUD and MDD from healthy controls, and vice versa (AUC-ROCs, 0.75-0.93). Shared predictors, such as neuroticism, hopelessness, and symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, were identified as reliable classifiers. For risk prediction in the longitudinal population sample, the models exhibited moderate performance (AUC-ROCs, 0.64-0.71), highlighting the potential of combining multi-domain data for precise diagnostic and risk prediction applications in psychiatry.
Factors Influencing Family Planning Decisions in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Miskeen Elhadi , Korkoman Sultana , Alhassoun Norah Khaled , Aljuhani Rafeef Fahad , Alqahtani Rawan Ali Hamad , Alwabari Salsabeel Salman , Alamri Mohannad S. , Alshahrani Abdullah M. , Alhalafi Abdullah Hassan , Almalki Shehab , Fifi Jabir Al , Elnour Suaad , ALmuqrin Farah Fahad , Ali Yaqin Ali Al , Karkaman Mohammed jalwi , Al-Shahrani Abdullah M.
Published: February 2024

Background: Family planning (FP) is an essential intervention to improve the health and well-being of women and their children. Understanding the determinants of FP decisions among Saudi women is critical to the success of FP efforts. This study aims to assess socio-cultural factors related to FP decisions in Saudi Arabia (SA).
Method: A cross-sectional survey-based survey examined a convenient sample of 1489 ever-married women living in SA. A structured online questionnaire was developed to assess the personal and socio-demographic characteristics of the sample as well as their fertility and FP preferences, practices, and experiences. Participants were approached through different social media platforms.
Results: Women's reported ever use of contraceptive method was 64.1%. Challenges women face in trying to use contraceptive methods were side-effects of the method (40%) and partner opposition (19%). Women's ever use of contraception was significantly different according to their age group, residence, occupation, income level, duration of marriage, number of children, reaching their desired number of children, having challenges in using contraception (p<0.001), their career goals (p=0.005) and access to FP (p=0.030). Logistic regression results for the factors influencing the decision toward family planning showed the significant factors: marital status (odd 1.28, p-value = 0.042, 95 % CI 1.02-1.61), having a supportive husband (odds 1.35, p-value = 0.018, 95% CI 1.08-1.69), and family and societal expectations (odds 1.32, p-value = 0.034 and 95% CI 1.04-1.68).
Conclusion: This study contributes essential insights into the socio-cultural factors influencing FP decisions among Saudi women. The identified determinants, including economic considerations, spousal support, and societal expectations, provide a foundation for tailored interventions to promote informed and autonomous FP choices. These findings ultimately contributed to women's and their children's health and well-being in SA.
Integrated Insulin-Iron Nanoparticless: A Multi-Modal Approach for Receptor-Specific Bioimaging, Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging, and Wound Healing
Authors: Attri Komal , Chudasama Bhupendra , Mahajan Roop L. , Choudhury Diptiman
Published: February 2024

Metallic nanoparticles have emerged as a promising option for various biological applications, owing to their distinct characteristics such as small size, optical properties, and ability to exhibit luminescence. In this study, we have successfully employed a one-pot method to synthesize multifunctional insulin-protected iron [Fe(II)] nanoparticles denoted as [IFe(II)NPs]. The formation of IFe(II)NPs is confirmed by the presence of FTIR bonds at 447.47 and 798.28 cm-1, corresponding to Fe–O and Fe–N bonds, respectively. Detailed analysis of the HR-TEM-EDS-SAED data reveals that the particles are spherical in shape, partially amorphous in nature, and have a diameter of 28.6 ± 5.2 nm. Additionally, Metal Ion Binding (MIB) and Protein Data Bank (PDB) analyses affirm the binding of iron ions to the insulin hexamer. Our findings underscore the potential of IFe(II)NPs as a promising new platform for a variety of biomedical applications due to their high signal-to-noise ratio, and minimal background fluorescence. The particles are highly luminescent, biocompatible, and have a significant quantum yield (0.632). Exemplar applications covered in this paper include insulin receptor recognition and protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS), harmful molecules known to inflict damage on cells and DNA. The IFe(II)NPs effectively mitigate ROS-induced inflammation, which is a hinderance to wound recovery, thereby facilitating enhanced wound recovery.
Hypoxia drives progression of multiple sclerosis by enhancing the inflammasome activation in macrophages with Porphyromonas gingivalis infection.
Authors: Okano Tokuju , Ashida Hiroshi , Tsukasaki Masayuki , Iida Tamako , Yamamoto Masahiro , Takayanagi Hiroshi , Sakamoto Takeharu , Suzuki Toshihiko
Published: February 2024

Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), a gram-negative anaerobic bacterium, is the most common cause of periodontitis. P. gingivalis secretes several virulence factors, such as gingipains, LPS, and OMVs, which potentially induce the release of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNFα, and IL-6 through inflammasome activation and TLRs. Previous reports have suggested that the host inflammatory response to P. gingivalis infection induces the progression of autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis. We demonstrated enhancement of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages by P. gingivalis infection under hypoxia with inducing ROS. We also found that HIF-1α regulated by TRIF triggered exacerbation of inflammasome activation by P. gingivalis under hypoxia. Moreover, HIF-1α deficiency in myeloid cells recovered the progression of neurological symptoms in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis with P. gingivalis infection, including IL-1β and IL-17 production in the spleen. In this study, we showed that hypoxia controls inflammasome activation induced by periodontitis-associated bacterial infection, resulting in the progression of autoimmune diseases.
Automated Detection of Selected Tea Leaf Diseases by Digital Image Processing Using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN): Bangladesh Perspective
Authors: Rahman Hafijur , Ahmad Iftekhar , Jon Parvej Hasan , Rabbi Md Forhad , Salam Abdus
Published: February 2024

Globally, tea production and its quality fundamentally depend on tea leaves which are susceptible to invasion from pathogenic organisms. Precise and early-stage identification of plant foliage diseases is a key element to prevent and control spreading of diseases that hinder yield and quality. Image processing techniques are a sophisticated tool that is rapidly gaining traction in the agricultural sector for the detection of a wide range of diseases with excellent accuracy. This study focuses on a pragmatic approach for automatically detecting selected tea foliage diseases based on convolutional neural network (CNN). A large dataset of 3,330 images has been created by collecting samples from different regions of Sylhet division, the tea capital of Bangladesh. The proposed CNN model is developed based on tea leaves affected with red rust, brown blight, grey blight and healthy leaves. Afterward, the model’s prediction was validated with laboratory tests that included microbial culture media and microscopic analysis. The accuracy of this model was found to be 96.65%. Chiefly, the proposed model was developed in the context of the Bangladesh tea industry.
The role of mixing and crystallization in the differentiation of magmatic systems
Authors: Ostorero Lea , Morgavi Daniele , Arzilli Fabio , Boudon Georges , Petrelli Maurizio , Pisello Alessandro , Perugini Diego , Franciosi Luigi , Balcone-Boissard Hélène
Published: February 2024

Understanding magma differentiation and formation of eruptible magmas is one of the key issues in Earth sciences. Many studies have either focused on mixing or crystallization, but none have studied these two processes simultaneously. Here, we conduct an innovative experimental study investigating the simultaneous occurrence of crystallization and dynamic mixing, using basaltic and dacitic end members at sub-liquidus conditions. We reproduce the injection of mafic magma into felsic magma and their mixing while crystallization occurs. Our results indicate that crystallization of basaltic magmas occurs faster than mixing between basalt and dacite leading to the formation of crystal-rich mafic enclaves within a felsic magma and the development of basaltic andesitic to andesitic melts. Then, convection promotes stretching and folding that favor chemical and physical magma mixing, disaggregation of enclaves and formation of clusters of crystals in disequilibrium with the surrounding melt. Magma mixing is the predominant process after the initial crystallization event. Our results provide insights into pre-eruptive dynamics, which is crucial for improving volcanic hazard assessment.
Numerical Simulation Study of Shield Tunnel Construction Under Canal in Water-Rich Sand Layer
Authors: Jianhua Liu , Liliuyang Bai , Chen Xing , Ke Liu
Published: February 2024

Focusing on the impact of tunnel shield construction on the surface and surrounding environment in water-rich sand layers beneath a canal in the paper, based on indoor geotechnical experiments, the FLAC3D method is used to establish the numerical model for the shield construction of the Nantong City Metro Line 1 in Jiangsu Province, passing through the water-rich sand layer beneath the Tonglv Canal. The study explores the effects of shield tunneling on the surface and surrounding environment through numerical simulation, thereby guiding in-site construction. The simulation results indicated that there is no significant difference in the surface settlement values between single-line and double-line synchronous tunneling, but in general, the latter has a larger surface settlement and strata deformation. The thrust force at the tunnel face of the shield construction significantly disturbs the deformation of the strata, and excessive or insufficient thrust force can lead to bulging deformation of the soil in front of the excavation face. The excavation surface and the soil behind it will be affected by the thrust of the palm face to produce extrusion deformation in the opposite direction to the digging direction, and extrusion deformation may occur with the increase of the thrust force. Therefore, the palm surface thrust should be slightly larger than the value of the static soil pressure and should be adjusted timely according to the construction section of the shield tunneling. It is recommended to adjust the grouting pressure to about 0.2 MPa when passing through the middle of the canals on both sides of the water-dividing island and to appropriately increase it when passing through the water-dividing island or the riverbank. The research results provide a reference value for the application of the earth pressure balance shield tunneling method in the construction of water-rich sand layers.
An abnormal course of the left phrenic nerve: A case report of anatomical variation
Authors: Lang Tai-Zhi , Wang Ze-Yu , Wang Shi-Hao , Sun Ye , Li Wan-Yao , Yang Jing-Han , Yang Yi-Ran , Qin Xiang-Zheng
Published: February 2024

Background
The phrenic nerve is an important efferent nerve of the cervical plexus, and its anatomical structural variations have clinical reference value.
Methods
Adult neck specimens were obtained through the Morphology Experimental Center and dissected under a surgical microscope.
Results
The phrenic nerve trunk courses along the fascia, situated above the anterior and middle scalene muscles. It then courses anteriorly and inferiorly before bifurcating into two branches - internal and external branch - approximately 1.5 mm later. Inside the thoracic cavity, the internal and lateral branches reunite to form the phrenic nerve.
Conclusions
This report on the anatomical variations of the phrenic nerve has certain clinical value
The Effects of Microburst Nonlinear Varying Loads on Aircraft Using a Multi-Point Approach
Authors: Pourmoradi Ali , Sabzehparvar Mehdi
Published: February 2024

Microburst is an atmospheric phenomenon that poses a dangerous and unavoidable threat to flying aircraft during takeoff and landing. The dynamic response of the aircraft encountered to the microburst was studied. Research on the interaction between microburst and aircraft motion is needed to assess the effects of aerodynamic forces and momentum. Unlike recent studies using conventional integrated aerodynamic models, the multi-point loading approach allows microburst nonlinear wind loading at any point on the wing and tail combination. In this method, a general reconstruction of aerodynamic forces and moments is calculated by microburst integration with different non-uniformly distributed loads functions on each surface of the aircraft. This algorithm solves the nonlinear equations of motion of a plane with six degrees of freedom and updates the plane's dynamic parameters as input to calculate time- and space-varying microburst effects for each element. The computational complexity of this method is therefore much reduced compared to CFD analysis and at the same time the details of the flight characteristics are taken into account without simplification in the simulation, which takes about 90 seconds of simulation time. We simulate and compare the results of a new and existing micro-race modeling approach. Comparing the two models shows significant differences in flight conditions such as aircraft flight path, angle of attack and angular velocity.
The Minha Casa Minha Vida social housing programme and leprosy in Brazil: An analysis of the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort (2010-2015)
Authors: Teixeira Camila Silveira Silva , Pescarini Júlia Moreira , Sanchez Mauro Niskier , Ferreira Andrêa Jacqueline Fortes , Fiaccone Rosemeire Leovigildo , Ichihara Maria Yury , Ortiz Renzo Flores , Brickley Elizabeth B. , Craig Peter , Leyland Alastair H. , Katikireddi Srinivasa Vittal , Penna Maria Lucia F. , Penna Gerson O. , Ribeiro-Silva Rita de Cássia , Barreto Mauricio L.
Published: February 2024

Background
Ensuring housing interventions can contribute to improved living conditions which are strong socioeconomic determinants of leprosy. We estimated the association between the social housing programme Minha Casa Minha Vida (MCMVP) and leprosy new cases.
Methods
We followed families registered in the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort linked with MCMVP receipt and nationwide registries of leprosy between 2010 and 2015. We used Cox regression weighted by stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) to assess the hazard ratio (HR) for the effect of MCMVP on leprosy. Weights were obtained by propensity score using demographic and socioeconomic covariates at baseline. Sensitivity analyses were done considering potential delays to receiving MCMVP, municipality of residence population size and by controlling by the baseline risk of leprosy among potential recipients.
Results
We followed up 24584768 individuals, of which 618883 (2.5%) were MCMVP recipients, and detected 8,874 new leprosy cases during the study period. Leprosy incidence was higher among MCMVP recipients (13.32/100,000 pyr; 95%CI = 11.45–15.49) compared to non-recipients (11.72/100,000 pyr; 95%CI = 11.47–11.97). MCMVP recipients had higher leprosy incidence (HR = 1.66; 95%CI = 1.34–2.06), compared to non-recipients. Point estimates were lower when considering a delay of 6 or 12 months to moving into the new household (HR = 1.53; 95%CI = 1.20–1.95 and HR = 1.37; 95%CI = 1.05–1.78, respectively), in small/medium municipalities (≤ 300,000 inhabitants) (HR = 1.95; 95%CI = 1.51–2.52), and higher among individuals who subsequently became MCMVP beneficiaries before receiving the benefit (HR = 2.29; 95%CI = 1.93–2.72).
Conclusions
This study found a higher risk of leprosy associated with MCMVP that may reflect reverse causality. Our findings suggest the programme is, in fact, reaching the most vulnerable individuals, as intended in its objectives. Besides, the higher risk of leprosy among MCMVP beneficiaries even before receiving the benefit observed in sensitivity analysis may reflect residual confounding factors related to structural poverty.
Monte Carlo Quantitative Risk Assessment for the Optimization of Groundwater Monitoring Programmes
Authors: Lourens Paul Joël Havemann , Vermeulen Petrus Daniel
Published: February 2024

Apart from the initial capital cost for the installation of the monitoring network, the cost for analysing the water quality parameters can outweigh the cost for sampling (personnel, logistics, and instrumentation), data processing, storage, and reporting. These costs can be reduced if it is possible to identify the water quality parameters that have a high risk of impacting the groundwater regime and modify the water quality parameters to be monitored, and the frequency of monitoring according to a risk of probable impact. A quantitative risk assessment, based on the Monte Carlo analysis of random sampling, was developed. The results of the Monte Carlo water quality risk assessment were used to design a new groundwater monitoring programme for an industrial waste facility. The use of the risk assessment is not limited to industrial waste facility sites. It can also be applied to other industries that have the potential to impact or have impacted the groundwater regime if historical time-series monitoring data is available.
Association between glycemia and multi-vessel lesion in participants undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Dong Hezeng , Liu Zhaozheng , Chen Hao , Shi Rui , Jin Qu , Shao Xiao , Tian Tenghui , Yin Jinzhu , Chang Liping , Deng Yue
Published: February 2024

Background
This study aims to elucidate the association between glycemia and the occurrence of multi-vessel lesions in participants undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI).
Methods
A cohort of 2,533 patients with coronary heart disease, treated with drug-eluting stents, was analysed. Of these, 1,973 patients, identified by the endpoint of multi-vessel lesions, were examined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to determine the relationship between glycemia levels and multi-vessel lesion occurrence.
Results
The analysis included 1,973 participants, among whom 474 patients were identified with coronary multi-vessel lesions. Univariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between glycemia and the occurrence of coronary multi-vessel lesions (OR 1.04; 95% CI 1.01–1.08; p = 0.02)..The adjusted model indicated that for each unit increase in glycemia, the risk of developing coronary multi-vessel lesions increased by 4%, showing a significant correlation (p < 0.05). Subgroup analyses revealed that the impact of glycemia on multi-vessel lesions in patients with PCI varied according to gender, age, and smoking status, with the effect being more pronounced in men, older patients, and smokers。
Conclusion
Our findings establish a significant association between glycemia and the incidence of multi-vessel lesions, particularly pronounced in male patients, individuals over 45, and smokers.
In Vitro Fertilization Results of Gnrh Antagonists and Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Used to Prevent Premature Lh Surge During Ovarian Hyperstimulation
Authors: Dinç Can , Arıkan Saltuk Buğra , Özer Mustafa , Olgan Şafak
Published: February 2024

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (MPA) treatment in comparison to Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) antagonists for the prevention of premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surge during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (OS) in in vitro fertilization (İVF) treatment, and their impact on developing embryos and pregnancy outcomes.
Material and Methods
Data from 757 cycles using GnRH antagonists and 756 cycles using MPA were evaluated at Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine Assisted Reproductive Treatment Center between October 2018 and April 2022. Patient records were obtained from the electronic database of the center and analyzed for demographic data, previous treatment, features of OS treatment, and pregnancy results. All methods in this study were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.
Results
Patients using MPA were found to be significantly older (33.9 ± 5.6 vs. 32.6 ± 5.6, p < 0.001) and had a lower number of antral follicles (AFC) (10.7 ± 8.6 vs. 11.9 ± 10.8, p = 0.007) than those using GnRH antagonists. Both MPA (2.9%) and GnRH antagonists (2.2%) had similar effectiveness in preventing premature ovulation (p = 0.415). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the number of total developed embryos (1.3 ± 1.3 vs. 1.2 ± 1.2, p = 0.765). The clinical pregnancy rates per embryo transfer (ET) were similar in the first transfers of patients using MPA and GnRH antagonists (%35.4 vs. %30.1, p = 0.074). There was no statistically significant difference between the cumulative clinical pregnancy rates per total transfer of the MPA and GnRH antagonist groups (35.3% vs. 30.1%, p = 0.077). Similarly, no significant difference was observed in the cumulative clinical pregnancy rates per patient treated after all ETs (24.1% vs. 23.2%, p = 0.269).
Conclusion
MPA was found to be effective in preventing premature ovulation during OS treatment, and the developing embryo and pregnancy outcomes of patients using MPA were similar to those using GnRH antagonists. Therefore, the use of MPA instead of GnRH antagonists during OS may be a viable alternative for patients not scheduled for fresh ET.