bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of ONECUT3 as a stemness-related transcription factor regulating NK cell-mediated immune evasion in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Shi Haojun , Tsang Yiusing , Yang Yisi , Chin Hok Leong
Published: October 2023

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a dismal response to the current T cell-based immunotherapies, which is attributed to intratumoral heterogeneity caused by PDAC stem cells and lack of major histocompatibility complex class I required for neoantigen presentation. Although this scenario makes natural killer (NK) cells attractive candidates for immunotherapeutic agents targeting MHC-I-deficient cancer stem cells in heterogeneous PDACs, little is known about PDAC stem cell immunology. In our study, PDAC-specific datasets from public databases were collected for in-depth bioinformatic analysis. We found that the abundance of PDAC stemness negatively influenced the infiltration of NK cells and identified the transcription factor ONECUT3 enriched in PDACs with high stemness index scores and Pan-cancer Stemness Signature levels. A series of NK cell-targeted inhibitory immune checkpoints were highly expressed in ONECUT3high PDACs. The patient group with high levels of ONECUT3 expression had a high risk of poor overall survival, even if accompanied by high infiltration of NK cells. Furthermore, the prostanoid metabolic process was enriched in ONECUT3high PDACs with high levels of NK cell-targeted inhibitory immune checkpoints. ONECUT3 enriched in high-stemness PDACs possessed the potential to transcriptionally regulate the prostanoid metabolism-related genes. Our study reveals ONECUT3 as a candidate stemness-related transcription factor regulating NK cell-targeted inhibitory immune checkpoints in PDAC. ONECUT3-mediated prostanoid metabolism may regulate cancer stemness and immune evasion in PDAC. Synergistic inhibition of prostanoid metabolism may improve the efficacy of NK cell-based immunotherapies targeting intratumoral heterogeneity caused by PDAC stem cells.
Effects of the novel selective κ-opioid receptor agonist NP-5497-KA on morphine-induced reward-related behaviors
Authors: Ide Soichiro , Hirai Toshitake , Muto Takafumi , Yamakawa Tomio , Ikeda Kazutaka
Published: October 2023

Opioid addiction and the opioid overdose epidemic are becoming more serious, and the development of therapeutic agents is essential for the pharmacological treatment of substance use disorders. The κ-opioid receptor (KOP) is a member of the opioid receptor system that has been gaining attention as a promising molecular target for the treatment of numerous human disorders, including pain, depression, anxiety, and drug addiction. Here, we biologically and pharmacologically evaluated a novel azepane-derived ligand, NP-5497-KA, as a selective KOP agonist. NP-5497-KA had 1000-fold higher selectivity for the KOP over the μ-opioid receptor (MOP), which was higher than nalfurafine (KOP/MOP: 65-fold), and acted as a selective KOP full agonist in the 3′,5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate assay. The oral administration of NP-5497-KA (1–10 mg/kg) dose-dependently suppressed morphine-induced conditioned place preference in C57BL/6 J mice, and its effects were comparable to an intraperitoneal injection of nalfurafine (1–10 μg/kg). Nalfurafine (10 μg/kg) significantly inhibited rotarod performance, whereas NP-5497-KA (10 mg/kg) exerted no effect on rotarod performance. These results indicate that NP-5497-KA may be a novel option for the treatment of opioid use disorder with fewer side effects.
Objective greenness, connectedness to nature and sunlight levels towards perceived restorativeness in urban nature
Authors: Spano Giuseppina , Ricciardi Elisabetta , Theodorou Annalisa , Giannico Vincenzo , Caffò Alessandro Oronzo , Bosco Andrea , Sanesi Giovanni , Panno Angelo
Published: October 2023

The beneficial effect of exposure to nature and immersion in natural environments on perceived well-being is well established. Nevertheless, we acknowledge an emerging need to disentangle the role of specific environmental features from individual factors that encourage a positive person-environment interaction. This study aimed at evaluating the associations between four buffer distances of greenness and dimensions of perceived restorativeness, with connectedness towards nature (CTN) as a confounder variable, in a sample of 312 visitors to a large urban park. Variables investigating ecosystem services (ES, e.g., thermal comfort) were included as covariates. Results revealed differentiated effects of greenness level, sunlight intensity, and connectedness to nature in the pathways towards dimensions of restorativeness. Greenness level at 300 m was associated with Fascination, Scope, and Being Away, while at 500 m was associated with Coherence, Scope, and Being Away. ES was found to be associated with Coherence, while CTN with the other three dimensions of restorativeness. The moderating effect of sunlight level in the relationship between NDVI buffer distances and the total score of perceived restorativeness was also confirmed. The present work is intended to offer insights on the interplay between environmental features and individual differences for implications in several contexts, including the opportunity to develop tailor-made planning for urban forestry.
A new dual functional H2S donor for fluorescence imaging and anti-inflammatory application
Authors: Huang Shumei , Li Zejun , You Wenhui , Zheng Guansheng , Zhang Huatang , Jiang Yin , Sun Hongyan
Published: October 2023

A novel fluorescein-based H2S donor was investigated and applied as real-time intracellular H2S release probe and anti-inflammatory agent.
Exceptional structural phase transition near room temperature in an organic–inorganic hybrid ferroelectric
Authors: Wang Ping , Tong Yu-Qiao , Yin Shi-Qing , Gu Qian-Jun , Huang Bo , Zhu Ai-Xin
Published: October 2023

An organic–inorganic hybrid ferroelectric, (C6H5CH2CH2NH3)2[HgI4], undergoes a structural phase transition near room temperature, triggered by a flip of half the organic cations and an order–disorder transition of the inorganic anions, and may be regarded as a displacive-type ferroelectric.
Dual emissive optically active gold nanoclusters endowed with circularly polarized phosphorescence
Authors: Dutta Camelia , Maniappan Sonia , Kumar Jatish
Published: October 2023

The synthesis and excited state chiral investigations of a set of enantiomerically pure Au nanoclusters exhibiting circularly polarised phosphorescence, both in the solution state and solid film, is reported.
On point perforating defects in bilayer structures
Authors: Kochaev Aleksey I. , Efimov Vladimir V. , Kaya Savas , Flores-Moreno Roberto , Katin Konstantin P. , Maslov Mikhail M.
Published: October 2023

This article deals with the issue of perforating point defects (pores) in a bilayer heterostructure composed of striped borophene and graphene.
Improved performance of UV-blue dual-band Bi2O3/TiO2 photodetectors and application of visible light communication with UV light encryption
Authors: Zheng Qin , Xu Jianping , Shi Shaobo , Chen Jing , Xu Jianghua , Kong Lina , Zhang Xiaosong , Li Lan
Published: October 2023

In this article, Bi2O3/TiO2 heterojunction PDs were obtained by modulating TEA concentration in the precursor liquid. The UV-blue dual-band photoresponse characteristics exhibited by the devices are utilized to realize in visible light communication.
Electronic modulation of CoP nanosheets array by Zn doping as an efficient electrocatalyst for overall water splitting
Authors: Li Xiaoyi , Huang Jianfeng , Liu Zixuan , Chen Qian , Chen Guanjun , Zhang Yifei , Kajiyoshi Koji , Zhao Yong , Liu Yijun , Cao Liyun , Feng Liangliang
Published: October 2023

A zinc-doped CoP nanosheet catalyst (Zn-CoP/CF) grown in situ on a cobalt foam substrate with a three-dimensional array structure, can effectively improve the electrocatalytic overall water splitting performance due to the gradual dissolution of Zn.
Role of simultaneous thermodynamic and kinetic variables in optimizing blade-coated organic solar cells
Authors: Cho Yongjoon , Lee Byoungkyu , Jung Sungwoo , Jeong Seonghun , Park Jeewon , Park Geunhyung , Yang Sangjin , Yang Changduk
Published: October 2023

The relationship between non-fullerene acceptor type and processing cosolvent composition in the blade coating process for active layer preparation is established to identify simultaneous thermodynamic and kinetic morphology toward large-scale organic solar cells.
Electricity-driven 1,4-alkoxydimerization of alkenes via radical–polar crossover
Authors: Tan Yu-Fang , Yang Dan , Yang Yu-Hao , Lv Jin-Feng , Zong Lan-Xi , Guan Zhi , He Yan-Hong
Published: October 2023

A variety of readily available (hetero)aryl alkenes and (halo)aliphatic alcohols can be used in the reaction to produce 1,4-dialkoxybutanes. The only by-product of the reaction is H2, making the method clean and highly atom-economical.
In situ passivation of Fe nanoparticles exsolved from perovskite cathodes through zinc doping for CO2 electrolysis
Authors: Liu Shuai , Yang Meiting , Xu Ruijia , Xiang Xinghe , Yang Guangming , Xu Haoran , Xiao Gang , Ran Ran , Zhou Wei , Shao Zongping
Published: October 2023

In-situ passivation of Fe nanoparticles exsolved from perovskite cathodes for improving catalytic activity of CO2 electrolysis.
Tuning Rashba–Dresselhaus effect with ferroelectric polarization at asymmetric heterostructural interface
Authors: Zhang Bangmin , Tang Chunhua , Yang Ping , Chen Jingsheng
Published: October 2023

In [(La0.7Sr0.3MnO3)8/(BaTiO3)t/(SrTiO3)2]8 superlattices, the asymmetric local structure and charge transfer probabilities work together to cause a switch from dominating Rashba SOI to dominating Dresselhaus SOI.
Quasi-dynamic study of electrochemical properties of O3-high-Ni ternary single-crystal cathode materials with mirror symmetry: a first-principles study
Authors: Zhou Naigen , Wang Yazhou , Cui Hong
Published: October 2023

A total of 16 O3-type high-Ni ternary crystal structures with mirror symmetry were constructed based on the relative locations of Ni, Co, and Mn in order to design high operating voltage and high-capacity cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.
Enhanced interactions of excitonic complexes in free-standing WS2
Authors: Sun Xueqian , Lu Zhuoyuan , Lu Yuerui
Published: October 2023

Reducing the local dielectric environment enhances excitonic complex formation and interactions. This facilitates the induction of correlated excitonic states, providing insight into many-body correlations of pristine excitons in 2D quantum limit.
Serine-mediated hydrazone ligation displaying insulin-like peptides on M13 phage pIII
Authors: Zhang Yi Wolf , Zheng Nan , Chou Danny Hung-Chieh
Published: October 2023

An new method displays insulin-like peptides on M13 phage via hydrazide-Fmoc-small insulin and serine-hydrazone ligation. This approach addresses insulin's structural challenges and highlights potential for displaying complex proteins on phage.
Tuning the magnetic properties of dinuclear cobalt–tetraoxolene compounds: from valence tautomerism to ferromagnetic coupling
Authors: Zhao Yu-Meng , Wang Jia-Ping , Chen Xiang-Yi , Yu Meng , Starikova Alyona A. , Tao Jun
Published: October 2023

The reaction of ligand pyreneQ–Q, Co2(CO)8, and Mentpa gave rise to a series of dinuclear cobalt–tetraoxolene compounds formulated as {[Co(Mentpa)]2(pyreneSq–Sq)}[Co(CO)4]2·S (Sq = semiquinone; n = 0, S = 2C6H5CH3 for 3; n = 1 for 4; n = 2, S = 2CHCl3 for 5).
Bluish-green afterglow and blue photoluminescence of undoped BaAl2O4
Authors: Zhai Bao-Gai , Huang Yuan Ming
Published: October 2023

Bluish-green afterglow of undoped BaAl2O4 is recorded. Oxygen vacancies in the lattice of BaAl2O4 are believed to account for the afterglow.
Efficient macrocyclization facilitated by skeleton preorganization
Authors: Xu Rong-Yao , Liu Xiu , Sun Guang , Zhang Zhi-Yuan , Dong Ming , Zhao Liya , Zhang Si-Miao , Wang Xi-Yang , Zhang Hong-Xu , Yang Shang-Jie , Wang Xiuguang , Li Bin , Li Jian , Li Chunju
Published: October 2023

Reported here is the efficient macrocyclization facilitated by skeleton preorganization. Pyridylcarbazole macrocycles and one phenylpyridylcarbazole macrocycle was synthesized in yield up to 75%.
In situ green synthesis of the nanocomposites of MnO2/graphene as an oxidase mimic for sensitive colorimetric and electrochemical dual-mode biosensing
Authors: Liu Yaopeng , Zhao Wei , Gao Yi , Zhuo Qing , Chu Tingting , Huang Wensheng , Zheng Yin , Li Yingru
Published: October 2023

A novel kind of nanozyme constructed by MnO2 nanoparticles and graphene nanosheets (MnO2@G) was prepared via a facile chemical route, which possesses oxidase mimicking property for colorimetry and electrochemical determination of dopamine (DA).
A novel microextraction technique aided by air agitation using a natural hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent for the extraction of fluvastatin and empagliflozin from plasma samples: application to pharmacokinetic and drug–drug interaction study
Authors: Alhazzani Khalid , Alanazi Ahmed Z. , Mostafa Aya M. , Barker James , El-Wekil Mohamed M. , Ali Al-Montaser Bellah H.
Published: October 2023

This study focuses on the interaction between the antihyperlipidemic drug fluvastatin (FLV) and the antidiabetic drug empagliflozin (EMP), which are commonly co-administered medications.
Nonlinear dielectric response of dilute protein solutions
Authors: Matyushov Dmitry V.
Published: October 2023

The nonlinear dielectric response of proteins in solution far exceeds that of surrounding water. This high nonlinear contrast can be used to monitor protein conformational activity altering its dipole moment.
Thermal runaway features of large-format power lithium-ion cells under various thermal abuse patterns and capacities
Authors: Peng Guanlin , Ling Xiaodong , Lin Yujie , Jiang Hui , Ma Mengbai , Yu Anfeng , Ouyang Dongxu
Published: October 2023

Herein, a comprehensive investigation is performed to research thermal runaway features of large-format power lithium-ion cells under various heating patterns (2 kW heating oven and 600 W heating plate) and capacities (60, 150, and 180 Ah).
Autofluorescent antimalarials by hybridization of artemisinin and coumarin: in vitro/in vivo studies and live-cell imaging
Authors: Herrmann Lars , Leidenberger Maria , Sacramento de Morais Adrielle , Mai Christina , Çapci Aysun , da Cruz Borges Silva Mariana , Plass Fabian , Kahnt Axel , Moreira Diogo R. M. , Kappes Barbara , Tsogoeva Svetlana B.
Published: October 2023

First antimalarial autofluorescent artemisinin–coumarin hybrids are highly in vitro/in vivo active, able to overcome drug resistances and are suitable for investigating their mode of action in living P. falciparum parasites by fluorescence microscopy.
Enhancing photocatalytic CO2 reduction to formate through one-pot self-assembly of a semiartificial cell
Authors: Hong Yixin , Han Jianyu , Wang Zhi , Gu Xiaofei , Huang Tianyi , Wu Yafeng , Liu Songqin
Published: October 2023

A semiartificial cell constructed by one-pot self-assembly is designed to enables the enzyme to adopt an activated conformation with high activity and promotes the electron transport efficiency from the photo-antennas to FDH.
Coupling post-modification with reconstruction over Co-based metal–organic frameworks for electrochemical collective value-added recycling of nitrate and sulfion in wastewater
Authors: Ren Tianlun , Wang Huizhen , Xu Shan , Yu Hongjie , Deng Kai , Wang Ziqiang , Wang Hongjing , Wang Liang , Xu You
Published: October 2023

DMAB–Co-MOF/NF as a bifunctional precatalyst was applied to electrochemical collective value-added recycling of nitrate and sulfion in wastewater.
Basic guidelines of first-principles calculations for suitable selection of electrochemical Li storage materials: a review
Authors: Kansara Shivam , Kang Hyokyeong , Ryu Seongje , Sun H. Hohyun , Hwang Jang-Yeon
Published: October 2023

This study provides deep insights into how computational methods complement and enhance experimental investigations.
Mechanism and selectivity of MOF-supported Cu single-atom catalysts for preferential CO oxidation
Authors: Impeng Sarawoot , Salaya-Gerónimo Evaristo , Kunkel Benny , Bartling Stephan , Faungnawakij Kajornsak , Rungtaweevoranit Bunyarat , Abdel-Mageed Ali M.
Published: October 2023

MOFs can achieve atom-precision in the design of single-atom catalysts (SACs). We elucidated the PROX-reaction mechanism on a well-defined Cu-SAC supported by UiO-66 framework using a multitude of experimental methods and detailed DFT computations.
Single-step synthesis of prominently selective and easily regenerable POSS functionalized with high loadings of sulfur and carboxylic acids
Authors: Chaudhuri Haribandhu , Lim Che-Ryong , Yun Yeoung-Sang
Published: October 2023

The growing demand for platinum group metals (PGMs) such as platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd) necessitates novel approaches for efficient and selective separation and regeneration.
Portable and non-invasive fluorescent thin films from photocatalytically active carbon dots for selective and trace-level detection of picric acid
Authors: Mate Nirmiti , Khandelwal Divya , Nabeela Kallayi , Mobin Shaikh M.
Published: October 2023

Multifunctional N, S and P-doped CDs derived from C. thevetia flowers are used in a PVDF-based portable recyclable thin film fluorescent probe for selective trace level detection of picric acid and for the environmental remediation of azo dyes, acting as a potential solar photocatalytic material.
Barriers to Follow-Up in Early Hearing Detection and Intervention Programs
Authors: Warner-Czyz Andrea D. , Crow Sarah , Gohmert Andrea , Williams Stephanie , Romero Michael
Published: October 2023

Purpose:

The Joint Committee on Infant Hearing recommends hearing screening before 1 month of age, audiologic diagnosis before 3 months of age, and enrollment in early intervention before 6 months of age (1-3-6 benchmarks of Early Hearing Detection and Intervention [EHDI] programs). Nearly 98% of newborns have their hearing screened, but many, who do not pass or do not complete their newborn hearing screening, fail to complete the EHDI process. Historically, lower socioeconomic level, more complex infant health status, and farther geographical location reduce rates of EHDI follow-up, but levels vary widely across states. This study examined barriers to the EHDI process by comparing census-based variables at the state and regional levels to national and Texas EHDI outcomes, respectively.

Method:

We used correlational analysis to assess relationships between U.S. Census data (state- and region-specific population and geographic characteristics, sociodemographic and geographic factors, and health and health insurance) and EHDI data (newborn screening, audiologic diagnosis, and early intervention) at the national level and in Texas.

Results:

Nationally, higher labor force participation, lower unemployment rates, and presence of health insurance significantly correlated with higher rates of completing EHDI benchmarks. Larger population size and density and higher socioeconomic factors coincided with higher rates of completing the EHDI process and lower rates of loss to follow-up (LTF) or loss to documentation in Texas.

Conclusions:

Population, socioeconomic, and demographic factors significantly correlate with following through with the EHDI process, with weak correlations at the national level and strong correlations at the state level. These findings underscore the need to increase our attention to underserved, economically challenged, and/or geographically distanced families who have children with a higher risk of becoming LTF in the EHDI process.
Li‐Ion Battery State of Health Estimation Based on Short Random Charging Segment and Improved Long Short‐Term Memory
Authors: Tian Aina , Chen Zhe , Pan Zhuangzhuang , Yang Chen , Wang Yuqin , Dong Kailang , Gao Yang , Jiang Jiuchun
Published: October 2023

Lithium‐ion batteries have been used in a wide range of applications, including electrochemical energy storage and electrical transportation. In order to ensure safe and stable battery operation, the State of Health (SOH) needs to be accurately estimated. In recent years, model‐based and data‐driven methods have been widely used for SOH estimation, but due to the uncertainty of battery charging conditions in practice, it is difficult to obtain a fixed local segment. In this paper, the charging curve is first divided into several equal voltage difference segments based on charging segment voltage difference ΔV in order to solve the random charging segment problem. Time interval of equal charge voltage difference of the voltage curve, coefficient of variation and euclidean distance of the charging capacity difference curve are extracted as health features. The improved flow direction algorithmlong short term memory‐based SOH assessment method is proposed and verified by the Oxford battery degradation dataset and experimental battery degradation dataset with a maximum error of 0.6%.
The evolution of sulphur-bearing molecules in high-mass star-forming cores
Authors: Fontani F. , Roueff E. , Colzi L. , Caselli P.
Published: October 2023

Context. To understand the chemistry of sulphur (S) in the interstellar medium, models need to be tested by observations of S-bearing molecules in different physical conditions.

Aims. We aim to derive the column densities and abundances of S-bearing molecules in high-mass dense cores in different evolutionary stages and with different physical properties.

Methods. We analysed observations obtained with the Institut de RadioAstronomie Millimétrique (IRAM) 30 m telescope towards 15 well-known cores classified in the three main evolutionary stages of the high-mass star formation process: high-mass starless cores, high-mass protostellar objects, and ultracompact HII regions.

Results. We detected rotational lines of SO, SO+, NS, C34S, 13CS, SO2, CCS, H2S, HCS+, OCS, H2CS, and CCCS. We also analysed the lines of the NO molecule for the first time to complement the analysis. From a local thermodynamic equilibrium approach, we derived the column densities of each species and excitation temperatures for those that are detected in multiple lines with different excitation. Based on a statistical analysis of the line widths and the excitation temperatures, we find that NS, C34S, 13CS, CCS, and HCS+ trace cold, quiescent, and likely extended material; OCS, and SO2 trace warmer, more turbulent, and likely denser and more compact material; SO and perhaps SO+ trace both quiescent and turbulent material, depending on the target. The nature of the emission of H2S, H2CS, and CCCS is less clear. The molecular abundances of SO, SO2, and H2S show the strongest positive correlations with the kinetic temperature, which is thought to be an indicator for evolution. Moreover, the sum of all molecular abundances shows an enhancement of gaseous S from the less evolved to the more evolved stages. These trends could be due to the increasing amount of S that is sputtered from dust grains owing to the increasing protostellar activity with evolution. The average abundances in each evolutionary group increase, especially in the oxygen-bearing molecules, perhaps due to the increasing abundance of atomic oxygen with evolution owing to photodissociation of water in the gas phase.

Conclusions. Our observational work represents a test-bed for theoretical studies aimed at modelling the chemistry of sulphur during the evolution of high-mass star-forming cores.
The Relationship Between Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and Klotho
Protein and Low Bone Mineral Density in Middle-Aged and Elderly Patients with
End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Huang Ting , He Yicao , Li Ye , Zhang Haisong , Wang Qian , Gao Yan
Published: October 2023

To assess the correlation between serum fibroblast growth factor 23
(FGF-23)/Klotho levels and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in middle-aged
and elderly patients combined with low bone mineral density (BMD). The BMD of
the lumbar vertebrae and femoral neck of 87 patients with ESRD was measured
using a dual-energy X-ray bone densitometer during hospitalisation and the
patients were divided into a normal bone mass group and a low bone mass group.
Haemoglobin, albumin, urea nitrogen, uric acid, creatinine, low-density
lipoprotein cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase, blood calcium, blood phosphorus
and full parathyroid hormone were detected using an automatic biochemical
analyser. The levels of serum FGF-23, Klotho and activated vitamin D in the
patients with ESRD were measured via an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Older
age and decreased serum creatinine levels and serum Klotho levels were
associated with low bone mass. There were significantly more men in normal bone
mass group (n=49, 74.24%) than in low bone mass group
(n=8, 38.10%). The correlation analysis showed that BMD was
negatively correlated with age but positively correlated with serum Klotho. The
binary logistic regression analysis indicated that old age and the decrease in
serum Klotho level were independent risk factors of a low BMD (all
p<0.05). In conclusion, serum Klotho is closely related to BMD changes
in middle-aged and elderly patients with ESRD. A high Klotho level is a
protective factor and is expected to be a marker in reducing bone mineral
metabolism disorders and improving the prognosis of patients with ESRD.
Diskriminierung von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Geschlechtsinkongruenz oder
Geschlechtsdysphorie in der medizinischen und psychotherapeutischen Versorgung
Authors: Hädicke Maximiliane , Föcker Manuel , Romer Georg , Wiesemann Claudia
Published: October 2023

Einleitung Schutz vor Diskriminierung ist ein Menschenrecht. Dennoch belegen empirische Studien,
dass bestimmte soziale Gruppen, etwa trans Personen, Diskriminierung im Gesundheitswesen erfahren. Wie
kann es dazu kommen?

Forschungsziele Wir haben am Beispiel der medizinischen Versorgung von Kindern und Jugendlichen
mit Geschlechtsinkongruenz/Geschlechtsdysphorie (GI/GD) untersucht, vor welchen spezifischen
Herausforderungen Ärzt*innen und Psychotherapeut*innen stehen, was sie unter Diskriminierung verstehen
und wie sie mit den Minderjährigen umgehen.

Methoden Das Projekt folgt methodologisch einem empirisch-ethischen Ansatz. Es wurden 17
leitfadengestützte, qualitative Expert*inneninterviews mit Ärzt*innen und Psychotherapeut*innen in
Deutschland geführt, die professionellen Kontakt zu Kindern und Jugendlichen mit GI/GD haben oder hatten.
Die Interviews wurden mithilfe der thematischen Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet. Es wurde eine Begriffsmatrix
zu „Diskriminierung“ genutzt, um spezifische Diskriminierungsrisiken zu identifizieren.
Interessenverbände waren an der Studie beratend beteiligt.

Ergebnisse Die Interviewten sehen sich mit zahlreichen Herausforderungen konfrontiert, wenn sie
Minderjährige mit GI/GD psychotherapeutisch oder medizinisch begleiten. Dazu zählen etwa das ethische
Spannungsfeld zwischen Fürsorgeverantwortung für Kinder/Jugendliche und Respekt für ihre
Behandlungswünsche, das Ringen mit professionellen Organisations-, Behandlungs- und Sprachroutinen sowie
technischen Hindernissen. Während einige der Befragten mit hohem Engagement nach Wegen suchen, um diese
Herausforderungen zu bewältigen, greifen andere auf destruktive Bewältigungsstrategien wie Victim
Blaming zurück.

Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse lassen neue Rückschlüsse auf spezifische Gefahren der
Diskriminierung für Kinder und Jugendliche mit GI/GD im Gesundheitswesen zu. Professionell Tätige sind
dafür zu sensibilisieren, dass insbesondere professionelle Routinen eigene Diskriminierungsrisiken für
ihre minderjährigen Patient*innen mit GI/GD erzeugen. Fortbildungs- und institutionelle
Unterstützungsangebote sollten das berücksichtigen. Es ist allerdings auch eine gesamtgesellschaftliche
Aufgabe, die sozialen und institutionellen Handlungsbedingungen von Ärzt*innen und Psychotherapeut*innen
so zu gestalten, dass sie einer diskriminierungssensiblen Gesundheitsversorgung dienlich sind.
Ketone-Derived Pro-aromatic Reagents for Radical Group Transfer Reactions and Deconstructive Functionalizations
Authors: Librando Ivy L. , Liao Hsuan-Hung , Miñoza Shinje
Published: October 2023

The recent prominence of ketones as handles for sp3-rich radicals has expanded the paradigm of synthetic utility of ketones, putting the ubiquitous functional group once again into the spotlight in recent years. One emerging strategy arose through ketone-derived pro-aromatic reagents in the form of dihydrobenzothiazoline (BTZ), dihydroquinazolinone (DHQZ), dihydropyrazole (DHP), and dihydro-1,2,4-triazole (DHT) as key intermediates for aromaticity-promoted C–C bond homolytic fission. The formed sp3-radicals could then participate in various radical functionalizations, including alkylations, arylations, olefination, alkynylation, silylations, amination, thiolation, and deuteration, among others, either in photocatalytic, thermal, or oxidative conditions. In this review, we highlight the implications and recent advances in using these pro-aromatic reagents in radical group transfer reactions and deconstructive functionalization.

1 Introduction

2 Aromatization-Driven C–C Bond Scission of Ketones

3 Photochemical Reactions of Ketone-Derived Pro-aromatic Reagents

4 Non-photochemical Reactions of Ketone-Derived Pro-aromatic Reagents

5 Conclusion and Future Outlook
Organoselenium Compounds in Catalysis
Authors: Rodríguez Juan B. , Gallo-Rodriguez Carola
Published: October 2023

In this article we have focused on the use of selenium in catalysis along with the proposed reaction mechanisms. With increasing interest in selenium chemistry, we have highlighted the most significant features of this subject, mainly in the last years. Selenium-containing catalysts have a key role in many transformations; for example, oxidation reactions that are performed under very mild and controlled conditions. In addition, utilizing the weak selenium–oxygen bonding interaction has proved to be very useful as a catalytic approach for specific transformations. The catalytic cycles of each appropriate transformation are fully reviewed.

1 Introduction

2 Use of Selenium in Catalysis: Perspectives

2.1 Selenium as Directing Group: Preparation of Organoselenium Compounds via C–H Borylation

2.2 Multicomponent Reactions Employing Selenium as a Catalyst

2.3 Selenium-π-Acid Catalysts

2.4 Electrochemical Selenium-Catalyzed Reactions

2.5 Stereoselective Synthesis Employing Organoselenium Catalysts

2.6 Transition-Metal Catalysts Containing Selenium-Based Ligands

2.6.1 Selenium-Ligated Palladium(II) Complexes as Catalysts for the Heck Reaction

2.6.2 Pincer Selenium Catalyst for the Allylation of Aldehydes and Closely Related Functional Groups

2.6.3 Selenium Employed in Buchwald-Type C–N Coupling Reactions

2.6.4 Organoselenium Catalysts in Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Reactions

2.7 Organoselenium Catalysis in Michael-Type Reactions

2.8 Catalytic Cycle for Glutathione Peroxidase

2.9 Epoxidation

2.10 Dihydroxylation

2.11 Oxidation

2.12 Bromolactonization

2.13 Preparation of Alkenes from Vicinal Diols

2.14 Preparation of α-Selanyl Enals from Propargylic Alcohols

2.15 Miscellanea

3 Concluding Remarks
Neuropsychology of epilepsy surgery and theory-based practice: an opinion review
Authors: Patrikelis Panayiotis , Messinis Lambros , Kimiskidis Vasileios , Gatzonis Stylianos
Published: October 2023

The present review attempts to discuss how some of the central concepts from the Lurian corpus of theories are relevant to the modern neuropsychology of epilepsy and epilepsy surgery. Through the lenses of the main Lurian concepts (such as the qualitative syndrome analysis), we discuss the barriers to clinical reasoning imposed by quadrant-based views of the brain, or even atheoretical, statistically-based and data-driven approaches. We further advice towards a systemic view inspired by Luria's clinical work and theorizing, given their importance towards our clinical practice, by contrasting it to the modular views when appropriate. Luria provided theory-guided methods of assessment and rehabilitation of higher cortical functions. Although his work did not specifically address epilepsy, his theory and clinical approaches actually apply to the whole neuropathology spectrum and accounting for the whole panorama of neurocognition. This holistic and systemic approach to the brain is consistent with the network approach of the neuroimaging era. As to epilepsy, the logic of cognitive functions organized into complex functional systems, contrary to modular views of the brain, heralds current knowledge of epilepsy as a network disease, as well as the concept of the functional deficit zone.
Efeitos do uso de calçado biomimético na marcha de crianças típicas
Authors: Okai-Nobrega Liria Akie , Santos Thiago Ribeiro Teles , Lage Ana Paula , Araújo Priscila Albuquerque de , Souza Thales Rezende , Fonseca Sergio Teixeira
Published: October 2023

Objetivo O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar os parâmetros espaço temporais e cinemáticos da marcha de crianças típicas em três condições: descalças, usando calçados biomiméticos e, calçados de uso diário (não biomiméticos - próprios das crianças).

Métodos Foram analisadas variáveis espaço temporais (velocidade, comprimento e largura da passada), deslocamento vertical do centro de massa (CM), pico de flexão do joelho e altura máxima do pé, coletados via avaliação tridimensional do movimento.

Resultados Comparado com a condição descalça, o uso do calçado biomimético não foi estatisticamente diferente em relação a velocidade da marcha, comprimento da passada e altura do pé. A largura da passada e a altura do pé não foi diferente estatisticamente entre as condições estudadas. O pico de flexão do joelho foi maior nas condições com calçados comparado a condição descalça. Os calçados de uso diário apresentaram maior deslocamento vertical do COM do que nas condições com o calçado biomimético e descalço.

Conclusão Os achados deste trabalho reafirmam que o uso do calçado influencia a marcha de crianças, especificamente na fase de desenvolvimento da marcha mas, que calçados com um design biomimético tem menores impactos no padrão de marcha das crianças.
Thriving in the global competitive landscape: competitive dynamics and longevity of emerging market firms
Authors: Cho Jaeyoung
Published: October 2023

Drawing on the competitive dynamics perspective, this study examines how competitive aggressiveness and complexity affect the longevity of emerging market firms. In a longitudinal and survival analysis of 570 publicly listed Korean firms from 1998 to 2017, I theorize and reveal that emerging market firms pursuing competitive aggressiveness and complexity are more likely to survive longer, particularly those competing in industries with high competitive pressure stemming from industry globalization. Broadly, I contribute to the competitive dynamics literature by extending the scholarly understanding of the long-term survival implications of firms’ competitive initiatives, unveiling a new boundary condition—competitive pressure from industry globalization, and broadening the spectrum of competitive dynamics research from Western to non-Western contexts.
Laser-induced weight variation of liquids and solids
Authors: Porcelli Elio B. , dos Santos Filho Victo
Published: October 2023

We performed measurements of weight in transparent materials such as liquid water, ice, and a quartz crystal when they are beamed by a laser. We detected weight variations in all cases of these materials, with magnitudes of the order of tenths to hundreds of milligrams of force. The highest value obtained was for ice, and the most interesting effect was the clear variation in weight that occurred for beams in both vertical or horizontal directions. Such a phenomenon cannot be caused by radiation pressure, reaction by vaporization, ejection of matter by heating, or piezoelectricity. The experimental results are also in accordance with the theoretical forecast proposed in our previous studies where the variation in the weight can be explained by the reaction force of the myriad of electric dipoles of the transparent dielectric previously entangled with the external environment when polarized to the component of the electric field of the propagating laser light. This new and surprising effect can be exploited to reach significant values so that it has future applications related to propulsion without fuel in aerospace or aquatic vehicles.
Space-dependent intermittent feedback can control birhythmicity
Authors: Biswas Debabrata , Mandal Tapas , Sharathi Dutta Partha , Banerjee Tanmoy
Published: October 2023

Birhythmicity is evident in many nonlinear systems, which include physical and biological systems. In some living systems, birhythmicity is necessary for response to the varying environment while unnecessary in some physical systems as it limits their efficiency. Therefore, its control is an important area of research. This paper proposes a space-dependent intermittent control scheme capable of controlling birhythmicity in various dynamical systems. We apply the proposed control scheme in five nonlinear systems from diverse branches of natural science and demonstrate that the scheme is efficient enough to control the birhythmic oscillations in all the systems. We derive the analytical condition for controlling birhythmicity by applying harmonic decomposition and energy balance methods in a birhythmic van der Pol oscillator. Further, the efficacy of the control scheme is investigated through numerical and bifurcation analyses in a wide parameter space. Since the proposed control scheme is general and efficient, it may be employed to control birhythmicity in several dynamical systems.
Cryo IR spectroscopy and cryo kinetics of dinitrogen activation and cleavage by small tantalum cluster cations
Authors: Fries Daniela V. , Klein Matthias P. , Straßner Annika , Huber Maximilian E. , Luczak Maximilian , Wiehn Christopher , Niedner-Schatteburg Gereon
Published: October 2023

We investigate small tantalum clusters Tan+, n = 2–4, for their capability to cleave N2 adsorption spontaneously. We utilize infrared photon dissociation (IR-PD) spectroscopy of isolated and size selected clusters under cryogenic conditions within a buffer gas filled ion trap, and we augment our experiments by quantum chemical simulations (at DFT level). All Tan+ clusters, n = 2–4, seem to cleave N2 efficiently. We confirm and extend a previous study under ambient conditions on Ta2+ cluster [Geng et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 115, 11680–11687 (2018)]. Our cryo studies and the concomitant DFT simulations of the tantalum trimer Ta3+ suggest cleavage of the first and activation of the second and third N2 molecule across surmountable barriers and along much-involved multidimensional reaction paths. We unravel the underlying reaction processes and the intermediates involved. The study of the N2 adsorbate complexes of Ta4+ presented here extends our earlier study and previously published spectra from (4,m), m = 1–5 [Fries et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 23(19), 11345–11354 (2021)], up to m = 12. We confirm the priory published double activation and nitride formation, succeeded by single side-on N2 coordination. Significant red shifts of IR-PD bands from these side-on coordinated μ2-κN:κN,N N2 ligands correlate with the degree of tilting towards the second coordinating Ta center. All subsequently attaching N2 adsorbates onto Ta4+ coordinate in an end-on fashion, and we find clear evidence for co-existence of end-on coordination isomers. The study of stepwise N2 adsorption revealed adsorption limits m(max) of [Tan(N2)m]+ which increase with n, and kinetic fits revealed significant N2 desorption rates upon higher N2 loads. The enhanced absolute rate constants of the very first adsorbate steps kabs(n,0) of the small Ta3+ and Ta4+ clusters independently suggest dissociative N2 adsorption and likely N2 cleavage into Ta nitrides.
Analysis of the interaction between torsion wave and phononic crystal in pipes
Authors: I Boris , Lee Jaesun
Published: October 2023

This article presents an analysis of torsional wave propagation in phononic crystal-based metamaterials. Such structures hold great promise as tools for wave manipulation. The unit cell of the presented structure was meticulously examined to obtain dispersion curves, revealing the presence of bandgaps and negative group velocities. The calculations of effective material parameters, based on eigenfrequencies, are presented to substantiate the existence of the bandgap and the negative value of group velocity. Time-domain simulations were conducted at various frequencies to analyze the wave behavior. In the case of negative group velocity, the wave inside the metamaterial propagates in the same direction as the incident wave. To verify the existence of negative velocity, a 2D Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) was performed, and the results from the 2D FFT data analysis align perfectly with the eigenfrequency analysis.
Comparative high-pressure investigations of Ag2ZnSnS4 and Ag2CdSnS4 compounds
Authors: Suss Nicole Yvonne , Heppke Eva M. , Voloshina Elena , Schifferle Lukas , Lobanov Sergey S. , Speziale Sergio , Reichmann Hans Josef , Küllmey Tim , Paulus Beate , Lerch Martin , Efthimiopoulos Ilias
Published: October 2023

Quaternary kesterite-type (KS) compounds have attracted worldwide attention from the scientific community as promising materials for solar cells. On the route to optimizing their performance, the effect of stress and strain constitutes a critical factor when it comes to thin film applications. Following a recent theoretical study, we report here joint experimental and computational high-pressure investigations on the KS Ag2ZnSnS4 and wurtz–kesterite (WZ–KS)-type Ag2CdSnS4 compounds. Our results reveal that both materials undergo successive transformations, first into a GeSb-type and then toward a CrN-type modification at ambient temperature. Our theoretical calculations predict a metallic character for all Ag2ZnSnS4 and Ag2CdSnS4 high-pressure phases. In addition, structural disorder is observed in KS Ag2ZnSnS4 upon moderate compression, prior to its KS → GeSb-type transition. Decompression leads to the recovery of a disordered zinc blende-type structure in the latter, whereas Ag2CdSnS4 retains the disordered GeSb-type modification. The similarities and deviations from the archetypical KS Cu2ZnSnS4 are discussed.
Reliability and robustness of oscillations in some slow-fast chaotic systems
Authors: Jaquette Jonathan , Kedia Sonal , Sander Evelyn , Touboul Jonathan D.
Published: October 2023

A variety of nonlinear models of biological systems generate complex chaotic behaviors that contrast with biological homeostasis, the observation that many biological systems prove remarkably robust in the face of changing external or internal conditions. Motivated by the subtle dynamics of cell activity in a crustacean central pattern generator (CPG), this paper proposes a refinement of the notion of chaos that reconciles homeostasis and chaos in systems with multiple timescales. We show that systems displaying relaxation cycles while going through chaotic attractors generate chaotic dynamics that are regular at macroscopic timescales and are, thus, consistent with physiological function. We further show that this relative regularity may break down through global bifurcations of chaotic attractors such as crises, beyond which the system may also generate erratic activity at slow timescales. We analyze these phenomena in detail in the chaotic Rulkov map, a classical neuron model known to exhibit a variety of chaotic spike patterns. This leads us to propose that the passage of slow relaxation cycles through a chaotic attractor crisis is a robust, general mechanism for the transition between such dynamics. We validate this numerically in three other models: a simple model of the crustacean CPG neural network, a discrete cubic map, and a continuous flow.
Vortex-induced vibrations in an active pitching flapping foil power generator with two degrees of freedom
Authors: Bai Yalei , Zheng Min
Published: October 2023

The energy harvesting characteristics of actively pitching flapping foils under a two-degrees-of-freedom (2DOF) system were investigated through numerical simulations. At a Reynolds number of 1100, the effects of the pitching amplitude, reduced frequency, and structural parameters on the energy harvesting performance were compared with the traditional one-degree-of-freedom (1DOF) case. The optimal pitching amplitude (85°), reduced frequency (0.16), and structural parameters (bx*=0.5, kx*=0.7) of the streamwise vibrating flapping foil were determined. The additional velocity generated by streamwise vibrations increased the optimal reduced frequency and pitching amplitude over the traditional case. Streamwise vibrations accelerate the wake propulsion, and the wake vortevx spacing is about 0.8 times the chord length larger than that of the traditional case. Furthermore, the 2DOF case allows the vortex-shedding process of the flapping foil to participate in wake propulsion. The trajectory of the streamwise vibrating flapping foil was observed to be a figure “8” shape. The “8” shape gradually regularizes with an increased streamwise damping coefficient. There is an ideal parameter combination at the optimal reduced frequency that allows the flapping foil to reach the most unstable motion mode. The energy harvesting efficiency of the flapping foil can be increased by up to 25% due solely to vortex-induced vibrations of the 2DOF.
Origin of the nonlinear structural and mechanical properties in oppositely curved lipid mixtures
Authors: Gupta Shivam , Soni Jatin , Kumar Awneesh , Mandal Taraknath
Published: October 2023

Structural and mechanical properties of membranes such as thickness, tail order, bending modulus and curvature energetics play crucial role in controlling various cellular functions that depend on the local lipid organization and membrane reshaping. While behavior of these biophysical properties are well understood in single component membranes, very little is known about how do they change in the mixed lipid membranes. Often various properties of the mixed lipid bilayers are assumed to change linearly with the mole fractions of the constituent lipids which, however, is true for “ideal” mixing only. In this study, using molecular dynamics simulations, we show that structural and mechanical properties of binary lipid mixture change nonlinearly with the lipid mole fractions, and the strength of the nonlinearity depends on two factors - spontaneous curvature difference and locally inhomogeneous interactions between the lipid components.
Ultra-thin polymer foil cryogenic window for antiproton deceleration and storage
Authors: Latacz B. M. , Arndt B. P. , Devlin J. A. , Erlewein S. R. , Fleck M. , Jäger J. I. , Micke P. , Umbrazunas G. , Wursten E. , Abbass F. , Schweitzer D. , Wiesinger M. , Will C. , Yildiz H. , Blaum K. , Matsuda Y. , Mooser A. , Ospelkaus C. , Smorra C. , Sótér A. , Quint W. , Walz J. , Yamazaki Y. , Ulmer S.
Published: October 2023

We present the design and characterization of a cryogenic window based on an ultra-thin aluminized biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate foil at T < 10 K, which can withstand a pressure difference larger than 1 bar at a leak rate <1×10−9 mbar l/s. Its thickness of ∼1.7 μm makes it transparent to various types of particles over a broad energy range. To optimize the transfer of 100 keV antiprotons through the window, we tested the degrading properties of different aluminum coated polymer foils of thicknesses between 900 and 2160 nm, concluding that 1760 nm foil decelerates antiprotons to an average energy of 5 keV. We have also explicitly studied the permeation as a function of coating thickness and temperature and have performed extensive thermal and mechanical endurance and stress tests. Our final design integrated into the experiment has an effective open surface consisting of seven holes with a diameter of 1 mm and will transmit up to 2.5% of the injected 100 keV antiproton beam delivered by the Antiproton Decelerator and Extra Low ENergy Antiproton ring facility of CERN.