bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Depression among Medical Staff during the Coronavirus Disease-19 Pandemic in Egypt: A Comparative Web-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Elghazally Noha M. , Abdeldaim Doaa
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak had created several challenges for health care workers and public worldwide. That pandemic also leads to a significant mental health crisis across the globe.

AIM: The study aimed to determine depression levels of physicians who work in isolation hospitals that treat patients with COVID-19 and those with other health facilities in Egypt during COVID-19 pandemic. Risk factors for depression were determined and interpreted to provide further psychological interventions for health care workers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a cross-sectional web-based study among Egyptian physicians. The participants were divided into two groups based on their workplace; 1177 of whom worked in front line hospitals (group II) and the remaining 1154 physicians (group I) in other health facilities (second line). Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9.

RESULTS: In group I and II, nearly one-third had mild depressive symptoms whereas 5.1% in group I and 14.6% in group II had severe ones with a significant difference between both groups (p = 0.001). Females, younger age groups, divorced or widowed, frontline physicians, 1–5 years of work experience, specialty jobs and contact with patients with COVID-19 were more affected than others.

CONCLUSIONS: Depressive symptoms are common among medical staff especially frontline health care workers. Regular evaluation of medical personnel involved in treatment and diagnosis of patients with COVID-19 must assess their stress, depression, and anxiety.
Microhardness and Fracture Resistance of Radicular Dentin Treated with Different Concentrations of Calcium Hydroxide in Endodontic Regeneration Procedures
Authors: Hashem Sara N. , Elhousiny Maha Adel
Published: December 2021

Purpose: to reveal the effect of different concentrations of prepared calcium hydroxide pastes (70%, 50%, and 30%) used in regenerative endodontic on microhardness and fracture resistance of radicular dentin. Material and methods: Different concentrations of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) were prepared with measured pH, then forty eight single rooted teeth were prepared and randomized into three groups according to Ca(OH)2 paste concentrations (12 samples each) and 12 samples were availed as control group. Group I: root canal contained 30% Ca(OH)2 paste. Group II: root canal contained 50% Ca(OH)2 paste. Group III: root canal contained 70% Ca(OH)2 paste. Samples were stored at 37 0C with 100% humidity for four weeks for subsequent microhardness and fracture resistance tests. Results: There was a statistically significant reduction of microhardness  and fracture resistance between test groups and control group (P≤ 0.05), group III showed a  significant reduction  in both microhardness and fracture resistance compared to group I. However, there was no significant difference in pH between different concentration of Ca(OH)2. Conclusion: Increasing concentration of Ca(OH)2 paste can negatively affect microhardness and fracture resistance of radicular dentin in revascularization procedure.
The Effectiveness of Santri’s Life Style Management on Santri’s Coping Mechanisms
Authors: Khamida Khamida , Yusuf Ah , Fitryasari Rizki , Rohmawati Riska , Hasina Siti Nur , Azza Awatiful
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Santri is someone who is studying to deepen knowledge about Islam seriously in boarding school. Life changes will be experienced by Santri. Santri who is used to living at home and living dependent on their parents is then required to live in Islamic boarding schools so that Santri must accept unexpected conditions. Santri must change their previous life habits and have to adapt back to everyday life that is already different, for example, in making decisions, solving problems, and completing responsibilities as a student, when Santri has been given a choice, the Santri is expected to be able to accept it.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of lifestyle management on the coping mechanisms of Santri.

METHODS: The design of this research is quasi-experimental (pre-and post-test control group design). The samples in this study were Santri in Islamic boarding schools in Surabaya and Sidoarjo which were taken by probability sampling (multi stage sampling) with 78 treatment groups and 75 control groups. Data analysis used t test with a significance value of p < 0.05. This research questionnaire uses that the coping mechanism (Jalowiec Coping Scale) has reliability (r = 0.8) and the validity test gets that the Cronbach alpha value is 0.7.

RESULTS: The Santri’ coping mechanisms in the intervention group were 68.6 (adaptive coping mechanisms) and 45.7 in the control group (maladaptive coping mechanisms) with p = 0.00. The results of the paired t-test statistical test obtained p = 0.000 in the intervention group and obtained p = 0.35 in the control group, p < 0.05, it can be concluded that there is a significant change in the coping mechanisms of Santri before and after being given lifestyle management interventions in intervention group and control group.

CONCLUSION: Lifestyle management is effective in improving Santri’ coping mechanisms in dealing with a problem.
Les livres plurilingues dans l’édition jeunesse 1975-1995
Authors: Maillard Nadja
Published: December 2021

Dans une perspective historique, l’article revient sur deux décennies (1975-95) au cours desquelles une offre de texte bi/plurilingues pour la jeunesse est apparue et s’est développée dans l’édition française. Il permet ainsi de documenter un vaste corpus, de près de 300 titres (albums, contes et récits illustrés), jusqu’alors peu étudiés, de mettre en lumière certaines démarches pionnières et novatrices, comme celles de l’autrice et éditrice Suzanne Bukiet, d’interroger les questionnements qui l’accompagnent, notamment en lien avec l’intégration linguistique et culturelle des enfants d’immigrés. Il étudie différents dispositifs iconotextuels d’étrangement des langues observables dans les albums, contes et récits réunis et s’interroge sur les objectifs qui leur sont associés, entre apprentissage des langues et sensibilisation interculturelle.
Délier les langues par les albums plurilingues et plurisémiotiques en cours de langues étrangères et régionales
Authors: Azaoui Brahim , Peix Rita
Published: December 2021

La contribution présente le projet MULIPLL mené auprès d’élèves de 10-11 ans scolarisés dans l’académie de Montpellier. Ce projet permet de voir en quoi l’utilisation et la création d’albums plurilingues en cours de langues étrangères et régionales constituent une activité pertinente sur les plans pédagogique et sociétal. Les résultats confirment en effet l’intérêt de tels projets pour mettre au jour l’altérité jusque-là « invisibilisée » dans le quotidien de la classe et valoriser les ressources plurisémiotiques et plurilingues des élèves.
L’album plurilingue en formation initiale des enseignants du premier degré
Authors: Jeannin Magali
Published: December 2021

Cette contribution examine les moyens, enjeux et obstacles d’une formation à l’éducation interculturelle des professeurs des écoles débutants, via l’album plurilingue comme support spécifique et privilégié. L’analyse, organisée selon une approche herméneutique, porte d’abord sur les représentations des enseignants, souvent orientées par une approche « monologique » des langues et des cultures. La contribution examine également les propositions didactiques des stagiaires à l’aune des approches plurielles : quelle appropriation de la formation ? quels points de résistance ? Le développement d’une « altéro-réflexivité » enseignante constitue parallèlement un fil rouge de l’étude.
Exploiter des albums plurilingues au préscolaire : qu’en pensent les enseignantes ?
Authors: Armand Françoise , Gosselin-Lavoie Catherine , Turgeon Élaine , Borri-Anadon Corina
Published: December 2021

L’article expose les perceptions de dix enseignantes au sujet de l’exploitation d’une application, les Albums plurilingues ÉLODiL , dans des classes ordinaires de maternelle (élèves de 5 ans) situées en milieux pluriethniques et plurilingues. Cette application regroupe onze albums en français, édités par deux maisons d’édition québécoises. Elle a été développée dans le cadre d’une recherche-action ayant pour objectif de soutenir le développement langagier oral et écrit de jeunes enfants grâce à la littérature jeunesse plurilingue, dans une perspective de collaboration école-famille. L’analyse des données recueillies auprès des enseignantes au moyen d’un questionnaire permet de dire qu’elles considèrent que l’exploitation de cette application favorise l’émergence d’un climat de classe ouvert à la diversité linguistique, soutient les apprentissages et l’engagement des enfants ainsi qu’une étroite collaboration famille-école.
The Spiraling Gift in Organ Transplantation
Authors: Schwering Karl-Leo
Published: December 2021

La relation de don peut être définie par la triple obligation proposée par M. Mauss : donner, recevoir, rendre. Dans le domaine de la transplantation d'organes, une conception matérialiste de cette obligation débouche sur une impasse : le receveur ne peut rendre l'organe reçu du donneur. Notre analyse permet de concevoir la dette comme un nouveau don pouvant très bien être donné autrement, et à quelqu’un d’autre. À cela s’ajoute le constat clinique selon lequel les patients construisent un mythe du don grâce auquel ils parviennent à se faire une représentation imaginaire du donneur.
Labiaplasty
Authors: Piazza Sara
Published: December 2021

La nymphoplastie de réduction est une intervention de chirurgie esthétique génitale qui consiste à raccourcir la taille des petites lèvres de la vulve. Cette opération s’inscrit dans un nouveau mouvement qui prend de plus en plus d’ampleur : la « chirurgie intime ». Nous proposons de repérer les représentations du sexe féminin en jeu dans la clinique de la nymphoplastie, à partir des différents discours portés sur cette intervention. Nous verrons qu’il est possible d’entendre ces représentations comme témoignant de l’insupportable du sexe féminin, en partant des images le présentant comme anormal, pulsionnel et masculinisé.
From Freud’s Cocaine to Kramer’s Modern Prozac
Authors: Londoño Diego E.
Published: December 2021

Il s'agit d'une analyse sur le changement épistémique entre les deux démarches initiées, d’un côté par Freud, après avoir connu la cocaïne, et celles poursuivies par la psychiatrie biologique et la psychopharmacologie qui ont conduit à la vision contemporaine des antidépresseurs prises par P. Kramer, liées au livre emblématique, Listening to Prozac . Une évaluation comparative et analytique entre les œuvres de Freud et la nouvelle « écoute » est proposée ici dans le cadre de la jouissance et les trois registres de Jacques Lacan.
Ludwig Binswanger’s “Path Towards Freud” through Psychoanalysis, Psychiatry and Philosophy
Authors: Lepoutre Thomas
Published: December 2021

On propose ici de faire retour sur le dialogue de Ludwig Binswanger avec Freud pour réinterroger les rapports complexes de la psychanalyse, de la psychiatrie et de la philosophie. L’étude du « chemin » binswangerien a en effet pour intérêt de revenir aux sources d’un conflit originaire, sinon d’un malentendu fondamental, œuvrant entre ces trois discours intéressant la psychopathologie. Aussi bien l’originalité propre de l’œuvre de Binswanger, en permanence en dialogue avec la psychanalyse, que sa réception dans le regard de Freud, conduit à mettre en question l’étonnant « cousinage » de la psychanalyse et de la psychiatrie phénoménologique.
The Mind is on the Outside
Authors: Marie Pierre
Published: December 2021

Depuis Platon, le modèle internaliste ou mentaliste s’est imposé pour des raisons gnoséologiques afin de tenter de dissiper tout risque sceptique. Cela s’est fait au prix de privilégier un modèle non seulement solipsiste, mais erroné, dont témoigne le cognitivisme contemporain. À ceci près que nombre d’interprètes de Freud et Lacan situent aussi ces auteurs du côté du mentalisme, comme si le modèle externaliste, celui développé par Peirce, Frege, Wittgenstein et Austin, en nous dépossédant de toute intériorité privée, nous dépossédait de nous-même. Ce qui n’est, bien sûr, absolument pas le cas : au contraire, ce modèle nous ouvre des perspectives cliniques et thérapeutiques inouïes.
From Trauma to the Passage à l’acte
Authors: Bigex Raphaëlle
Published: December 2021

Nous accordons spontanément au traumatisme un rôle privilégié dans la genèse du passage à l’acte, notamment criminel. L’expérience carcérale nous a donné l’occasion de penser ce déterminisme, et d’en proposer des fondements métapsychologiques. Nous envisagerons ici le passage à l’acte comme une réaction différée et inédite au traumatisme, avec l’hypothèse que le corps serait le vecteur principal de ce déplacement énigmatique. Le cours de notre argumentation nous amènera à remettre en question la notion de pulsion – en la distinguant de l’excitation – et à concevoir le passage à l’acte comme un « en deçà de la pulsion ».
Fiction, Delusion, and the Virtual
Authors: Thibierge Stéphane
Published: December 2021

L’on interroge ici l’incidence et les conséquences cliniques et subjectives du virtuel, tel qu’il détermine aujourd’hui l’environnement technique et quotidien de l’existence ordinaire. Sont évoquées et reprises de ce point de vue les distinctions entre virtuel et réalité, virtuel et fiction, fiction et délire, et la notion de jouissance, telle que la sollicite la clinique contemporaine. L’on montre également en quoi la lecture et son apprentissage, et l’interprétation qu’elles rendent possible du trait symbolique, peuvent donner ou restituer une responsabilité subjective parfois compromise ou désorientée par une confusion des registres précédemment cités.
A Contemporary Version of Object Presenting
Authors: Weyl Dimitri , Benhaïm Michèle
Published: December 2021

La clinique quotidienne auprès des enfants et l’observation des relations actuelles parents/enfants nous ont amenés à tenter de cerner les enjeux contemporains relatifs à la toute-puissance de l’enfant en nous référant aux dimensions de la fonction maternelle que Winnicott découpe en « holding », « handling » et « object-presenting », mais en nous autorisant à en examiner les éléments séparément, c’est-à-dire en nous penchant exclusivement sur la troisième dimension, celle de la présentation de l’objet . Cette réflexion s’appuie sur le suivi d’un enfant et de ses deux parents en CMPP et se propose sous deux perspectives : celle d’une élaboration théorique du concept d’ object-presenting à l’épreuve des enjeux contemporains de la relation parents/enfants, et l’exploration d’une situation clinique atypique de cette logique actuelle. Les discours et idéologies dominants n’œuvrent pas ici primairement sur la subjectivité et la construction identitaire de cet enfant, car les parents n’en sont pas – ou peu – porteurs, mais secondairement, dans un effet de rencontre entre une problématique psychopathologique et ce que « le discours du capitalisme » promeut, notamment via l’usage massifiant des images, du rapport du sujet à l’objet du désir.
The Enigmatic Effect of Counter-transferential Figurations and Their Functions
Authors: Guittonneau Mireille
Published: December 2021

Dans le champ des traumatismes précoces, il s'avère parfois important que l'analyste prête ses mots à ses patients et forge, pour cela, des figurations contre-transférentielles de leur détresse. L'effet d'énigme qu'elles produisent, associé à leur fonction identifiante, se révèle alors particulièrement fécond. En effet, il permet, dans un premier temps, de ranimer un investissement objectal gelé, avant de rendre possible l'émergence des interrogations fondamentales que sont l'énigme du désir de l'Autre et l'énigme de la naissance. S'ouvre alors pour ces sujets la voie à de nouvelles identifications qui ne soient plus désubjectivantes.
From the Uncanny to the Delusional Atmosphere
Authors: Troubé Sarah Talila
Published: December 2021

De l'inquiétante étrangeté d'une œuvre d'art à l'atmosphère délirante psychotique, en passant par les vacillements de la réalité névrotiques, la catégorie des sentiments d'étrangeté apparaît particulièrement vaste. Or, ces phénomènes suscitent des questionnements cliniques et épistémologiques révélateurs des débats contemporains autour des notions de psychose atténuée et de continuum psychotique. La comparaison des descriptions des sentiments d'étrangeté proposées par Janet et Freud, ainsi que les analyses de l'atmosphère délirante par la psychiatrie phénoménologique, amèneront à interroger les différenciations cliniques pouvant être opérées au sein de ces phénomènes, selon les diverses modalités du rapport subjectif à la réalité mondaine et psychique.
Primary Narcissism, the Double, and Otherness
Authors: Jung Johann
Published: December 2021

Les débats actuels sur le narcissisme primaire, alimentés par les récentes découvertes des neurosciences et de la psychologie du développement, obligent à repenser plus finement son inscription métapsychologique. À partir de ces recherches, l'auteur fait l'hypothèse d'un narcissisme primaire traversé par deux courants, l'un tourné vers l'objet, l'autre vers le sujet. Cette double vectorisation du fonctionnement psychique précoce suppose la nécessité d'un investissement de l'objet en double, progressivement construit comme « même et différent de soi ». Cette trajectoire permet de décrire les formes d'altérités qui accompagnent la subjectivité au cours de la construction du narcissisme et de l'identité.
The Passage à l’acte in Adolescence
Authors: Hachet Amal
Published: December 2021

Éric, un adolescent de 17 ans, a commis une tentative d'homicide à l'encontre d'un sans domicile fixe, M. D, 50 ans. Ce passage à l'acte s'est produit après une rencontre violente entre Éric et un homme qui a fait preuve d'autorité brutale à son encontre et l'a chassé d'un immeuble où il avait trouvé refuge. Il équivaut sur le plan fantasmatique à un « parricide ». À ce titre, ce passage à l'acte constitue une tentative ratée de production du sujet, laquelle répond à ce qui fait symptôme dans le social et, dans le cas d'Éric, identifie le sujet à un déchet.
Politique du sensible et économie des affects dans la crise environnementale
Authors: Chardel Pierre-Antoine , Gougeon Émeline , Verron Jacques
Published: December 2021

Parmi les grands défis que pose la crise environnementale aujourd’hui d’un point de vue épistémologique, et particulièrement face à la complexité et au volume des données et d’informations scientifiques qui sont à notre disposition, le rôle des expériences sensibles est décisif. Cet article souligne que c’est par elles qu’il devient possible de créer des dynamiques collectives singulières d’un point de vue éthique. L’une de nos hypothèses est que l’attention à ce qui est commun se construit ; elle ne se décrète pas mais s’organise de manière sensible. Cela implique d’identifier des leviers d’action qui consistent notamment à allier des expériences esthétiques et les approches scientifiques en vue de générer des pratiques perceptives nouvelles, se voulant plus « englobantes ». Avec certains outils de virtualisation, nous basant entre autres sur des images satellites et des simulations numériques construites à partir d’observations de la Terre, c’est la part sensible de notre coexistence avec les environnements naturels que nous pouvons plus franchement reconquérir. Leur apprentissage et leur développement est crucial pour accentuer nos capacités d’agir de manière responsable dans un monde complexe et globalisé. Cela, en sachant que la profondeur de ce qui advient n’est réductible, ni à une forme, ni à une donnée. À nous, par conséquent, d’engager avec des modes d’appréhension du monde qui soient suffisamment variés et créatifs.
Transparence de la technique dans les abattoirs : transparence de l’outil ou de l’homme ?
Authors: de Diesbach Louis
Published: December 2021

La relation que l’homme entretient avec ses outils a toujours eu un impact sur la façon dont celui-ci percevait et interagissait avec le monde autour du lui. Au fur et à mesure des siècles, cette technique s’est complexifiée et les rapports de l’homme avec son environnement et les êtres vivants qui l’entourent ont fait de même. Dans ce rapport au vivant, le monde des abattoirs apparaît comme un univers-clé de la relation homme-animal où la transparence de la technique, dans la polysémie du terme, provoque deux effets différents : d’une part, la notion de « transparence par compréhension » rend difficile pour les travailleurs de percevoir et d’appréhender ce qu’ils font alors que la notion de « transparence par design » les rend toujours plus proches de l’acte de mise à mort – tout en faisant disparaître l’animal de ce rapport, oublié, et faisant des abattoirs une simple usine de production. Cette objectivation et cet oubli de l’animal semblent paradoxalement nier la présence du vivant dans une industrie qui donne la mort. L’auteur préconise une réflexion nouvelle, basée sur le dialogue et l’éducation, du concept technique et de la relation que le travailleur entretient avec celui-ci. En faisant réapparaître la technique, c’est l’humain lui-même, dans ses rapports d’affectivité au vivant et à lui-même, qui peut réapparaître.
Ideals on neutrosophic extended triplet groups
Authors: Zhou Xin ,   School of Science, Xi'an Polytechnic University, 710048  Xi'an, China, Xin Xiao Long ,   School of Mathematics, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we introduce the concept of (prime) ideals on neutrosophic extended triplet groups (NETGs) and investigate some related properties of them. Firstly, we give characterizations of ideals generated by some subsets, which lead to a construction of a NETG by endowing the set consisting of all ideals with a special multiplication. In addition, we show that the set consisting of all ideals is a distributive lattice. Finally, by introducing the topological structure on the set of all prime ideals on NETGs, we obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions for the prime ideal space to become a $ T_{1} $-space and a Hausdorff space.
Phenomenological and mechanistic models for predicting early transmission data of COVID-19
Authors: Miyama Takeshi ,   Division of Public Health, Osaka Institute of Public Health, Osaka, Japan, Jung Sung-mok , Hayashi Katsuma , Anzai Asami , Kinoshita Ryo , Kobayashi Tetsuro , Linton Natalie M. , Suzuki Ayako , Yang Yichi , Yuan Baoyin , Kayano Taishi , Akhmetzhanov Andrei R. , Nishiura Hiroshi ,   School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan,   Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Published: December 2021

Forecasting future epidemics helps inform policy decisions regarding interventions. During the early coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic period in January–February 2020, limited information was available, and it was too challenging to build detailed mechanistic models reflecting population behavior. This study compared the performance of phenomenological and mechanistic models for forecasting epidemics. For the former, we employed the Richards model and the approximate solution of the susceptible–infected–recovered (SIR) model. For the latter, we examined the exponential growth (with lockdown) model and SIR model with lockdown. The phenomenological models yielded higher root mean square error (RMSE) values than the mechanistic models. When using the numbers from reported data for February 1 and 5, the Richards model had the highest RMSE, whereas when using the February 9 data, the SIR approximation model was the highest. The exponential model with a lockdown effect had the lowest RMSE, except when using the February 9 data. Once interventions or other factors that influence transmission patterns are identified, they should be additionally taken into account to improve forecasting.
La escritura mixta francesa en Santiago de Compostela: evolución, usos y características
Authors: Ares Legaspi Adrián
Published: December 2021

La mixta fue una escritura surgida en Francia a principios del siglo XIV y que tuvo una gran difusión a lo largo del territorio europeo. No obstante, los trabajos sobre paleografía en la Corona de Castilla no han abordado la cuestión de manera particular, sino dentro de aproximaciones generales al ciclo gráfico medieval. Realizamos aquí, pues, un estudio específico de la mixta en la diócesis compostelana, abarcando los casi doscientos años que se mantuvo en uso, la función con que se empleó en documentos, libros administrativos y códices diplomáticos y los elementos formales que la caracterizan, así como su evolución en el plano temporal.
La parroquia de São Bartolomeu de Coímbra en la Edad Media: paisaje, sociedad y relación con el río de un área urbana (siglos XII-XV)
Authors: Álvaro de Campos Maria Amélia
Published: December 2021

Este estudio comienza analizando el paisaje urbano y la composición socioeconómica de la parroquia de São Bartolomeu de Coímbra entre los siglos XII y XV para después centrarse en observar la territorialización de sus derechos parroquiales y la reivindicación, a partir del siglo XIV, del cobro del diezmo en la margen opuesta del río. Se revela así un proceso de ampliación de la jurisdicción parroquial que chocó con los intereses de otras instituciones eclesiásticas de la ciudad. Con ello, se propone una reflexión sobre la relación de esta área urbana con el río, planteándose si en el periodo este fue un factor o un obstáculo para el crecimiento económico, de qué modo y a quién perjudicaría o beneficiaría cada uno de los casos. A través del estudio de la proyección de esta iglesia, en su parroquia y en la ciudad, se buscarán las respuestas a estas cuestiones.
Conflictos y pleitos en documentos navarros medievales: tipología de los procesos y perspectiva ideológica
Authors: Lopetegui Semperena Guadalupe
Published: December 2021

El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar un corpus de documentos relativos a conflictos y pleitos gestados en Navarra durante los siglos XI y XII con el fin de precisar, tanto el mecanismo de los procesos judiciales como la perspectiva ideológica que se refleja en la terminología y en la retórica discursiva. El análisis nos ha permitido establecer una tipología de los conflictos y probar que la perspectiva ideológica adoptada por los emisores de la documentación condiciona tanto la selección de los hechos narrados como la presentación de los agentes implicados en los conflictos y la justificación de los acuerdos alcanzados.
Teachers Using Disruptive Methodologies in Teaching and Learning to Foster Learner Skills
Authors: Molotsi Abueng R. , Goosen Leila
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the project introduced in this chapter is stated as investigating in what ways teachers are using disruptive methodologies in teaching and learning to foster learners' transversal skills in the Dinaledi cluster of Bojanala District, North West Province, South Africa. To summarize, the content of this chapter will provide readers with an overview in terms of background built on technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (TPACK) as a framework for teachers. Contemporary issues in terms of tracing the development of teacher knowledge with regard to integrating technology, pedagogy, and content are also discussed, as well as solutions and recommendations to be made in this regard. Future research directions within the domain of the topic will also be suggested. The final section of the chapter will provide a discussion of the overall coverage of the chapter and concluding remarks.
MasterchEF
Authors: Pérez-López Isaac J. , Navarro-Mateos Carmen
Published: December 2021

During the 2019/2020 academic year, a learning experience built based on the famous cooking show Master Chef was implemented. This was executed in the specialization in Physical Education of the teaching Master's degree. During this experience, candidates (the student body) had to face different weekly challenges (individual, in groups, and eliminatory) based on the ingredients (course contents) that were presented weekly by the chef (the professor). This proposal was built using active methodologies as a reference, turning the student body into the protagonists of their learning process and encouraging those competencies that a good teacher needs in their day-to-day life. The authors ensured that the essence of the original program, characterized by requiring good time-managing skills, continuous decision making, or necessary emotional management, was maintained. At the same time, they took special care of details such as aesthetics or the language employed in Master Chef. Results show the viability and potential of this type of approach in the formative process of future teaching staff.
Active Methodologies in Education for Sustainability and Development of Action Skills
Authors: Jorge-Bañón Cristóbal E.
Published: December 2021

This chapter revolves around the value and relevance of the use of active methodologies in education for sustainability, focusing especially on non-university levels of education. It begins with a conceptualization of active methodologies and exposes what are the most used, recognized, and best valued active methodological tools among teachers. It also reviews the origins of these methodological tools, their evolution, their potentialities and limitations, and the demands that arise in the educational context in view of the need to find a solution from the educational spheres to environmental problems. This chapter analyzes the actual use made of these methodologies in educational centers and finds a justification in the advances that neuroeducation and constructivism have contributed to the educational field in recent decades.
Design and Implementation of an Escape Room About the Discovery of the Periodic Table
Authors: Rosales Pablo , Díaz Lidia Ruiz , Tejedor Andrés R. , Conde María M. , Ramirez Jorge
Published: December 2021

This work describes the design and implementation of an escape room celebrating the International Year of the Periodic Table (2019). The main goal of the escape room is that the participants achieve, through the game, both specific competencies, such as basic concepts of chemistry, and transversal competencies, like teamwork and creativity. The most important aspects that must be addressed when creating an escape room (the story, the setting, and the riddles) are described in detail to help and motivate other teachers to implement a similar or related activity. In particular, the riddles are designed so that they give students an idea about the difficulties encountered by the scientists involved in the elaboration of the periodic table as well as to give them a small glimpse of the awe of discovery. The activity is aimed at high school students (ages 15-18) as well as undergraduate students.
Challenges of Online Exam Systems in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era
Authors: Genis-Gruber Ahu , Weisz Gerold
Published: December 2021

The swift conversion of courses to online format and online exam systems has identified the COVID-19 pandemic era. All educators on the globe have faced the obstacles of abrupt adoption of distance education learning methods. This unexpected shift has presented numerous challenges as preparing an online course content requires developing detailed course plan design, audio and video content, and technical support equipment. This chapter focuses on determining the problems and developing solutions based on the student perceptions about the online exams, which were compulsorily transitioned during the pandemic process. A survey about student perceptions of online exams has been developed and applied to the students after they have taken the exam. Descriptive statistics is used to analyze the data. E-assessment of perception about the online exam system and its impacts on motivation and performance are discussed, and suggestions to improve the system are provided in the chapter.
Mobilizing Zakat (Almsgiving) Funds to Support Refugee Microenterprise Pogroms
Authors: Kachkar Omar Ahmad , Alfares Marwa
Published: December 2021

This chapter examines the prospects and challenges of using zakah as a source of funding in microenterprise support programs for refugees. According to the literature, lack of funds represents a fundamental obstacle in supporting refugees' livelihood in particular in microenterprises programs. Zakat is one of the five pillars of Islam. All Muslims have to pay 2.5% of their wealth every year to the poor and needy. Refugees represent one of the main beneficiaries of zakah. Recently the UNHCR has established a zakah fund to mobilize zakah funds to help refugees. This chapter argues that instead of assisting refugees with cash money, zakat funds or at least part of the zakat funds can be used to provide microcredit grants to support the refugees and help them to help themselves. Despite all the challenges of microfinance programs in particular in the context of refugees, well-designed microfinance programs can provide a more sustainable solution to refugees in particular those trapped in protracted situations.
The Effect of Teleworking on Anxiety During COVID-19
Authors: Baykal Elif
Published: December 2021

Turkey is among the countries that the pandemic has affected most profoundly. Many people have been infected, and the pandemic has given way to both physiological and psychological problems. In this study, the effect of teleworking, which has been embraced durng the pandemic, has been tested on the anxiety levels of Turkish participants. The research has been carried out on white-collar employees working in the service sector. The related data has been collected through online surveys. In the related field study, 2,892 online questionnaires have been sent, and 385 usable questionnaires were obtained. Analysis of the study has been carried out with SPSS 20.0 statistics tool. The results of the study revealed that teleworking has a negative effect on anxiety levels of individuals, as predicted in the study.
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and Economic Results in the Economic Sector of the Colombian Caribbean
Authors: Espasandín-Bustelo Francisco , Bayter Lourdes Osorio
Published: December 2021

This research is important for several reasons. First, companies are being pressured by different interest groups to contribute to the achievement of the SDGs; second, a very high percentage of companies are not even sensitive to the fact that the SDGs are important for their sustainability; thirdly, researchers, especially those in the social sciences, have not generated knowledge about the state of the SDGs in companies; and fourth, the tourism sector is important for the achievement of the SDGs. The data collection method focuses on the material object “hotel companies” and uses secondary data available in different sources. Among the most relevant results of the research, the authors highlight the following: first, the companies in the sample, although they do not seem to have a formal plan, implement one or more SDGs; in second place, the SDG implemented in the largest number of companies is gender equality; thirdly, the least implemented SDGs are quality education, clean water and sanitation, affordable and non-polluting energy, and reduction of inequalities.
Wetland Creation, Restoration, and Conservation
Authors: Khatik Nisha
Published: December 2021

Water-dominated landscapes include wetland areas. The term “wetland” has not been commonly used until quite recently. It is believed to be a euphemistic equivalent of “swamp.” Every year on the second day of February, World Wetlands Day marks the adoption of the convention on Wetland by Ramsar, the Iranian city that has a special place in Iranian history. Flood protection, water quality improvement, shoreline erosion control, natural products, recreation, and aesthetics are some of the many advantages of wetlands, as well as the fact that they are vital habitats for a variety of animals and plants. Several studies illustrated the importance of wetlands in reducing carbon emissions and regulating climate on a global scale. In recent years, these advantages of wetlands have been recognized by governments worldwide and have led to legislation, regulations, and management plans creating wetlands for conservation, protection, and restoration. Unfortunately, the destruction of wetlands is a concern since they are among the planet's most productive areas.
Metagenomics-Guided Assessment of Water Quality and Predicting Pathogenic Load
Authors: Ganguli Sayak , Karmakar Rupsha , Singh Meesha , Ghosh Mahashweta Mitra
Published: December 2021

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) are becoming more prevalent in the environment and are efficiently disseminating through contaminated wastewater resulting in resistome cycling. This chapter compares the bacterial profile of hospital effluents collected from rural, urban, and delta regions of West Bengal, India. Comparative metagenomics analysis identified pathogenic bacterial genera like pseudomonas, escherichia, staphylococcus, lactobacillus, prevotella, acinetobacter across the samples. Delta sample showed highest abundance of pseudomonas whereas rural sample had lower titre of all the common bacterial genera. Urban sample reflected more diversity of different genera in terms of abundance. Pathogenic load prediction revealed significant occurrence of diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, liver cirrhosis, ulcerative colitis in the disease network. This chapter proposes a monitoring programme for assessing wastewater health using a combination of culture independent and culture-dependent molecular techniques in order to prevent the spread of pollutants in tropical environments.
Status and Threats of Wetland Change in Land Use Pattern and Planning
Authors: Sarkar (Paria) Dipanwita , Maji Nibedita
Published: December 2021

Wetland-related studies documented the loss of native species diversity and promotion of the biotic homogenization due to wetland loss. Excessive withdrawals of water from wetlands for residential, agricultural, or industrial use are responsible for wetland degradation. Constructions of dams impedes water flow and replenishment of wetlands, and it also creates a hazard to aquatic living organisms. Climate change causing some wetlands to disappear under rising sea levels, while others are severely impacted by changing climatic conditions, including drought. So necessary steps such as increase wetlands and prevention of the illegal swamping of wetlands, etc. should be taken for conserving the wetland biodiversity from the threatening of unplanned urbanization, purifying the environment and mainlining the sustainable development. Though the Ramsar Convention policy exists to persevere wetlands and achieve sustainable development throughout the world, mass consciousness, greater participation of local people, use of indigenous knowledge in the management strategies are needed to protect wetlands.
Solid Waste Disposal on Inland Water Wetlands
Authors: Bhattacharjee Chandani
Published: December 2021

Generation of solid waste precedes the surge of urbanization. The earliest waste dumping is recorded in Greece as early as 500 BCE, the conservancy workers in France, wastewater treatment in London, and aqueduct systems in oriental civilizations. The magnitude of waste has been compounding annually with the rise of global population, urbanization, and economic growth. Waste has been overtly and irresponsibly dumped in inland water bodies and the wetlands around it causing inherent damage to the fluvial, pond, or riverine ecosystems. The United Nations has declared this decade to be for ecosystem restoration, and hence, this chapter intends to ponder and establish the concerns of health, species modification, ecosystem endangering, pollution of the surface and subsurface water, impact on the vegetation along the water stretches, to name a few. The objective of this chapter is to evaluate the impact on the ecospheres while arriving at sustainable restoration options.
Record of the Sedimentary Dynamics and Climatic Variability Within the Sedimentary Filling of Mchiguig Wetland During the Late Holocene
Authors: Essefi Elhoucine
Published: December 2021

This work aimed to study the cyclicity of the geochemical chemical parameters and the carbonate percentages along a 59 cm core from the sebkha of Mchiguig, Central Tunisia. In fact, from the bottom upwards, six climatic phases were recorded including the Warming Present (Great Acceleration), the Late Little Ice Age (Anthropocene), the Early Little Ice Age, the Medieval Climatic Anomaly, the Dark Age, and the Roman Warm Period. In fact, the spectral analysis of the studied parameters visualized many cycles. Those cycles are related to sun activity, oceanographic, and atmospheric factors. Solar activity generated 500 yr cycles; however, the oceanographic circulation generated other cycles of 1500 yr and 700-800 yr. The 1500 yr cycle may be the result of the solar activity and NAO-like circulation.
Main Factors That Explain the Use of Fertilisers on Farms in the European Union
Authors: Martinho Vítor João Pereira Domingues
Published: December 2021

A deeper assessment of the main determinants associated with the use of fertilisers, for example, in the European Union farms may bring relevant insights about the respective frameworks and support to find more sustainable solutions. In this context, the main objective of this study is to identify factors that influence the use of fertilisers in the agricultural sector of the European Union regions. To achieve this objective, statistical information, at farm level, from the European Farm Accountancy Data Network was considered. These data were first analysed through exploratory approaches and after assessed with classification and regression tree methodologies. The results obtained provide interesting insights to promote a more sustainable development in the European farms, namely supporting the policymakers to design more adjusted measures and instruments. In addition, the fertilisers costs on the European Union farms are mainly explained by crop output, costs with inputs, current subsidies, utilised agricultural area, and gross investment.
Prevalence and patterns of adverse events following immunisation among children less than 24 months attending immunisation clinics in Kano, Nigeria
Authors: Maizare Hajara I. , Tsiga-Ahmed Fatimah I. , Jibo Abubakar M. , Adamu Aishatu L. , Jalo Rabiu I. , Magaji Abubakar , Ibrahim Umma A. , Gajida Auwalu U.
Published: December 2021

Adverse Events Following Immunisation (AEFI) contribute to child morbidity and mortality as they often lead to low uptake of vaccines with consequent persistence of vaccine-preventable diseases. It is essential to assess the prevalence of AEFIs in northern Nigeria, where misconceptions about immunisation exist. This study assessed the prevalence and pattern of AEFI among children less than 24 months after attending immunisation clinics in Kano, Nigeria. Using a mixed-methods design, adapted intervieweradministered questionnaires were assigned to a cross-section of 384 mother-baby pairs who presented to the immunisation clinics of selected primary healthcare centres (PHCs) within metropolitan Kano. This was followed by six sessions of focus group discussion with a sub-sample of the mothers. Logistic regression and the framework approach were used to analyse the data. The prevalence of AEFI was (43.5%, n=164), and most cases (72.4%, n=273) were mild. Fever was the most common type of AEFI reported (66.5%, n=109) and was higher among infants less than three months (44.5%, n=73). Age of the index child was the only significant predictor of AEFI (OR:0.18, 95% CI: 0.10-0.35). Our study shows that AEFI was common among children less than 24 months old in Kano. We recommend sensitisation and health education of caregivers using valuable communication strategies and sufficient training of immunisation service providers on professional ways to deliver these vaccines safely.
Update sul management e trattamento del paziente con lesioni cutanee croniche
Authors: Parodi Aurora , Messina Valeria Maria , Martolini Manuela , Haxhiaj Shpresa , Cozzani Emanuele Claudio
Published: December 2021

Le lesioni da decubito, le ulcere vascolari e il piede diabetico rappresentano le lesioni cutanee croniche maggiormente diffuse in età geriatrica. La lesione cutanea cronica presenta un elevato rischio infettivo ed un management complesso che richiede terapie mirate ed un iter di trattamento specifico. Il metodo TIME (Tissue management control of Infection and inflammation Moisture imbalance advancement of the Epithelial edge of the wound), costituisce il gold standard per il trattamento delle lesioni cutanee croniche poiché consente di controllare l’infezione e il grado di macerazione della ferita anche nei margini epiteliali. La soluzione di ipoclorito di sodio alla concentrazione dello 0,05%, oggetto di numerosi studi in letteratura, grazie ad un ampio spettro germicida ed alla sua elevata compatibilità tissutale rappresenta il metodo di disinfezione d’elezione per il trattamento delle lesioni cutanee croniche. La qualità di vita (Quality of Life, QoL) di un paziente affetto da lesione cutanea cronica può essere fortemente compromessa. La formazione di un team sanitario multidisciplinare per la gestione del patient journey può favorire il percorso di guarigione, facilitare la gestione della lesione nella quotidianità e migliorare la QoL del paziente. La telemedicina spicca tra le modalità innovative di gestione del wound care sperimentate da un’equipe di specialisti del territorio ligure negli ultimi mesi a seguito della pandemia COVID-19. La pratica della telemedicina si è rivelata particolarmente utile nel follow up della lesione cronica a fronte di un adeguato impiego di strumenti tecnologici che permettano un’elevata qualità di immagini.
Identifying medically relevant xenon protein targets by in silico screening of the structural proteome
Authors: Winkler David A. , Katz Ira , Warden Andrew , Thornton Aaron W. , Farjot Géraldine
Published: December 2021

In a previous study, in silico screening of the binding of almost all proteins in the Protein Data Bank to each of the five noble gases xenon, krypton, argon, neon, and helium was reported. This massive and rich data set requires analysis to identify the gas-protein interactions that have the best binding strengths, those where the binding of the noble gas occurs at a site that can modulate the function of the protein, and where this modulation might generate clinically relevant effects. Here, we report a preliminary analysis of this data set using a rational, heuristic score based on binding strength and location. We report a partial prioritized list of xenon protein targets and describe how these data can be analyzed, using arginase and carbonic anhydrase as examples. Our aim is to make the scientific community aware of this massive, rich data set and how it can be analyzed to accelerate future discoveries of xenon-induced biological activity and, ultimately, the development of new “atomic” drugs.