bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Several Goethals–Seidel Sequences with Special Structures
Authors: Shen Shuhui , Zhang Xiaojun
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we develop a novel method to construct Goethals–Seidel (GS) sequences with special structures. In the existing methods, utilizing Turyn sequences is an effective and convenient approach; however, this method cannot cover all GS sequences. Motivated by this, we are devoted to designing some sequences that can potentially construct all GS sequences. Firstly, it is proven that a quad of ±1 polynomials can be considered a linear combination of eight polynomials with coefficients uniquely belonging to {0,±1}. Based on this fact, we change the construction of a quad of Goethals–Seidel sequences to find eight sequences consisting of 0 and ±1. One more motivation is to obtain these sequences more efficiently. To this end, we make use of the k-block, of which some properties of (anti) symmetry are discussed. After this, we can then look for the sequences with the help of computers since the symmetry properties facilitate reducing the search range. Moreover, we find that one of the eight blocks, which we utilize to construct GS sequences directly, can also be combined with Williamson sequences to generate GS sequences with more order. Several examples are provided to verify the theoretical results. The main contribution of this work is in building a bridge linking the GS sequences and eight polynomials, and the paper also provides a novel insight through which to consider the existence of GS sequences.
Molecular Characteristics of Colistin Resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii and the Activity of Antimicrobial Combination Therapy in a Tertiary Care Medical Center in Lebanon
Authors: Abou Fayad Antoine , Haraoui Louis-Patrick , Sleiman Ahmad , Hussein Hadi , Grenier Frédéric , Derbaj Ghada , Itani Dana , Iweir Sereen , Sherri Nour , Bazzi Wael , Rasheed Sari , Tanelian Arax , Miari Mariam , el Hafi Bassam , Kanj Souha S. , Kanafani Zeina A. , Daoud Ziad , Araj George F. , Matar Ghassan M.
Published: February 2024

(1) Background: Infections with pan-drug-resistant (PDR) bacteria, such as A. baumannii, are becoming increasingly common, especially in healthcare facilities. In this study, we selected 15 colistin-resistant clinical A. baumannii isolates from a hospital in Beirut, Lebanon, to test combination therapies and determine their sequence types (STs) and the mechanism of colistin resistance using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). (2) Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing via broth microdilution against 12 antimicrobials from different classes and growth rate assays were performed. A checkerboard assay was conducted on PDR isolates using six different antimicrobials, each in combination with colistin. Genomic DNA was extracted from all isolates and subjected to WGS. (3) Results: All isolates were resistant to all tested antimicrobials with the one exception that was susceptible to gentamicin. Combining colistin with either meropenem, ceftolozane–tazobactam, or teicoplanin showed synergistic activity. Sequencing data revealed that 67% of the isolates belonged to Pasteur ST2 and 33% to ST187. Furthermore, these isolates harbored a number of resistance genes, including blaOXA-23. Mutations in the pmrC gene were behind colistin resistance. (4) Conclusions: With the rise in antimicrobial resistance and the absence of novel antimicrobial production, alternative treatments must be found. The combination therapy results from this study suggest treatment options for PDR ST2 A. baumannii-infected patients.
Harnessing Phosphorous (P) Fertilizer-Insensitive Bacteria to Enhance Rhizosphere P Bioavailability in Legumes
Authors: Afkairin Antisar , Dixon Mary M. , Buchanan Cassidy , Ippolito James A. , Manter Daniel K. , Davis Jessica G. , Vivanco Jorge M.
Published: February 2024

Phosphorous (P) is widely used in agriculture; yet, P fertilizers are a nonrenewable resource. Thus, mechanisms to improve soil P bioavailability need to be found. Legumes are efficient in P acquisition and, therefore, could be used to develop new technologies to improve soil P bioavailability. Here, we studied different species and varieties of legumes and their rhizosphere microbiome responses to low-P stress. Some varieties of common beans, cowpeas, and peas displayed a similar biomass with and without P fertilization. The rhizosphere microbiome of those varieties grown without P was composed of unique microbes displaying different levels of P solubilization and mineralization. When those varieties were amended with P, some of the microbes involved in P solubilization and mineralization decreased in abundance, but other microbes were insensitive to P fertilization. The microbes that decreased in abundance upon P fertilization belonged to groups that are commonly used as biofertilizers such as Pseudomonas and Azospirillum. The microbes that were not affected by P fertilization constitute unique species involved in P mineralization such as Arenimonas daejeonensis, Hyphomicrobium hollandicum, Paenibacillus oenotherae, and Microlunatus speluncae. These P-insensitive microbes could be used to optimize P utilization and drive future sustainable agricultural practices to reduce human dependency on a nonrenewable resource.
Phylogenetic Analysis of Newcastle Disease Virus Isolated from Poultry in Live Bird Markets and Wild Waterfowl in Zambia
Authors: Kalonda Annie , Saasa Ngonda , Kajihara Masahiro , Nao Naganori , Moonga Ladslav , Ndebe Joseph , Mori-Kajihara Akina , Mukubesa Andrew Nalishuwa , Sakoda Yoshihiro , Sawa Hirofumi , Takada Ayato , Simulundu Edgar
Published: February 2024

Poultry production is essential to the economy and livelihood of many rural Zambian households. However, the industry is threatened by infectious diseases, particularly Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection. Therefore, this study employed next-generation sequencing to characterise six NDV isolates from poultry in Zambia’s live bird markets (LBMs) and wild waterfowl. Four NDV isolates were detected from 410 faecal samples collected from chickens in LBMs in Lusaka and two from 2851 wild birds from Lochinvar National Park. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the four NDVs from LBM clustered in genotype VII and sub-genotype VII.2 were closely related to viruses previously isolated in Zambia and other Southern African countries, suggesting possible local and regional transboundary circulation of the virus. In contrast, the two isolates from wild birds belonged to class I viruses, genotype 1, and were closely related to isolates from Europe and Asia, suggesting the possible introduction of these viruses from Eurasia, likely through wild bird migration. The fusion gene cleavage site motif for all LBM-associated isolates was 112RRQKR|F117, indicating that the viruses are virulent, while the isolates from wild waterfowl had the typical 112ERQER|L117 avirulent motif. This study demonstrates the circulation of virulent NDV strains in LBMs and has, for the first time, characterised NDV from wild birds in Zambia. The study further provides the first whole genomes of NDV sub-genotype VII.2 and genotype 1 from Zambia and stresses the importance of surveillance and molecular analysis for monitoring the circulation of NDV genotypes and viral evolution.
Effect of Food Amounts on Larval Performance, Bacteriome and Molecular Immunologic Development during First-Feeding Culture of European Eel
Authors: Bandara Kasun Anuruddha , Politis Sebastian Nikitas , Sørensen Sune Riis , Benini Elisa , Tomkiewicz Jonna , Vadstein Olav
Published: February 2024

Production of European eel offspring has become a reality, but liquid diets during larval culture hold new challenges. This study focused on increasing food amounts without compromising well-being or healthy larvae-bacteria interactions. First-feeding larvae were fed two food amounts (Low = 0.5 mL food/L water vs. High = 1.5 mL food/L water) until 30 days post-hatch (dph). Results indicated that ~75% of larvae ingested the diet in both treatments, but upregulation of a stress/repair-related gene (hsp90) on 25 and 30 dph indicated nutritional inadequacy. Larvae fed a High amount of food were 3.68% bigger, while larvae in the Low-food group showed 45.2% lower gut fullness and upregulated expression of the gene encoding the “hunger hormone” ghrelin (ghrl), indicating signs of starvation. The High-food group larvae exhibited a healthier bacteriome with a higher abundance of potentially beneficial orders (Lactobacillales and Bacillales), whereas the Low-food group showed more potentially harmful orders (Vibrionales, Rhodobacterales, and Alteromonadales). While survival was initially lower in the High-food group, both treatments had comparable survival by the end of the experiment. In conclusion, feeding European eel larvae with High food amounts seemed beneficial, supported by increased gut fullness, reduced ghrl expression (no starvation), enhanced growth, and the presence of a healthier bacteriome.
The Effect of Rubus idaeus Polyphenols Extract in Induced Endometriosis in Rats
Authors: Jianu Elena-Mihaela , Pop Raluca Maria , Gherman Luciana Mădălina , Ranga Floricuța , Levai Antonia-Mihaela , Rus Vasile , Bolboacă Sorana D. , Ștefan Roxana-Adelina , Onofrei Mădălin Mihai , Nati Ionel-Daniel , Stoia Ioana Alexandra , Ștefan Paul-Andrei , Mihu Carina , Mihu Carmen Mihaela
Published: February 2024

Endometriosis is a common gynecological condition with a complex physio-pathological background. This study aimed to assess the role of Rubus idaeus leaf extract (RiDE) as a potential therapeutic agent in reducing the size of the endometriotic lesions and modulate the plasma expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, and TGF-β1. The endometriotic lesions were induced in a rat model by the autologous transplant of endometrium. Thirty-six female rats, Wistar breed, with induced endometriosis, were divided into four groups and underwent treatment for 28 days. The CTRL group received 0.5 mL/day of the vehicle; the DG group received 1 mg/kg b.w./day dienogest; the RiDG group received 0.25 mL/kg b.w./day RiDE and the D+RiDG group received 1 mg/kg b.w./day dienogest and 0.25 mL/kg b.w./day RiDE, respectively. Rats’ weight, endometriotic lesion diameter and grade, and plasma levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, and TGF-β1 were assessed before and after treatment. The administration of RiDE in association with dienogest vs. dienogest determined a lower weight gain and a reduction in diameter of the endometriotic lesions. RiDE administration restored MMP2 and MMP9 plasma levels to initial conditions. Rubus idaeus extract may help in reducing dienogest-associated weight gain, lower the size of endometriotic lesions, and have anti-inflammatory effects through MMP2 and MMP9 reduction.
Photocatalytic Multicomponent Annulation of Amide-Anchored 1,7-Diynes Enabled by Deconstruction of Bromotrichloromethane
Authors: Chen Daixiang , Bao Yu , Yan Shenghu , Wang Jiayin , Zhang Yue , Li Guigen
Published: February 2024

We present the first example of visible-light-mediated multicomponent annulation of 1,7-diynes by taking advantage of quadruple cleavage olf carbon-halogen bonds of BrCCl3 to generate a C1 synthon, which was adeptly applied to the preparation of skeletally diverse 3-benzoyl-quinolin-2(1H)-one acetates in moderate to good yields. Controlled experiments demonstrated that H2O acted as both oxygen and hydrogen sources, and gem-dichlorovinyl carbonyl compound exhibited as a critical intermediate in this process. The mechanistic pathway involves Kharasch-type addition/6-exo-dig cyclization/1,5-(SN”)-substitution/elimination/binucleophilic 1,6-addition/proton transfer/tautomerization sequence.
Substitution Effect of a Single Nitrogen Atom on π-Electronic Systems of Linear Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs): Theoretically Visualized Coexistence of Mono- and Polycyclic π-Electron Delocalization
Authors: Lim Jong Min , Shim Sangdeok , Bui Hoa Thi , Kim Jimin , Kim Ho-Joong , Hwa Yoon , Cho Sung
Published: February 2024

We theoretically investigated the nitrogen substitution effect on the molecular structure and π-electron delocalization in linear nitrogen-substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (N-PAHs). Based on the optimized molecular structures and magnetic field-induced parameters of fused bi- and tricyclic linear N-PAHs, we found that the local π-electron delocalization of subcycles (e.g., mono- and bicyclic constituent moieties) in linear N-PAHs is preserved, despite deviation from ideal structures of parent monocycles. The introduction of a fused five-membered ring with a pyrrolic N atom (N-5MR) in linear N-PAHs significantly perturbs the π-electronic condition of the neighboring fused six-membered ring (6MR). Monocyclic pyrrole exhibits substantial bond length alternations, strongly influencing the π-electronic systems of both the fused N-5MR and 6MR in linear N-PAHs, depending on the location of shared covalent bonds. A fused six-membered ring with a graphitic N atom in an indolizine moiety cannot generate monocyclic π-electron delocalization but instead contributes to the formation of polycyclic π-electron delocalization. This is evidenced by bifurcated diatropic ring currents induced by an external magnetic field. In conclusion, the satisfaction of Hückel’s 4n + 2 rule for both mono- and polycycles is crucial for understanding the overall π-electron delocalization. It is crucial to consider the unique characteristics of the three types of substituted N atoms and the spatial arrangement of 5MR and 6MR in N-PAHs.
Characteristic Evaluation of Gas Chromatography with Different Detectors for Accurate Determination of Sulfur Hexafluoride
Authors: Pan Susu , Zhang Tiqiang , Zhang Guocheng , Yang Zhenqi , Feng Duan , Zhou Zhikuan , Ning Xuelei
Published: February 2024

Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), which survives in the atmosphere for an extremely long period of time, is the most potent greenhouse gas regulated under the Kyoto Protocol. So, the accurate monitoring of atmospheric SF6 plays an important role in the study of the control policies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The instruments for SF6 measurement are typically calibrated using certified reference materials. The concentrations of the commercially available SF6 reference materials usually have a broad range, from 1 μmol/mol to 6000 μmol/mol. Some characteristics including sensitivity, linear range, relative standard deviation, and accuracy are crucial for the determination of SF6 in such a broad concentration range. Therefore, the selection of a proper detector for the accurate determination of SF6 with such a broad range is extremely important to establish a gas chromatography (GC) method for developing SF6 reference materials. In this paper, several typical GC methods with different detectors, including a thermal conductivity detector (TCD), a pulsed discharge helium ionization detector (PDHID), and a flame photometric detector (FPD), were carefully established for the accurate determination of SF6 with different concentrations. The results show that an FPD detector has a relatively narrow linearity range, thus a quadratic equation should be established for building a calibration curve. The PDHID and TCD have good linearity with coefficients of 1.0000 in the concentration range of 10–100 μmol/mol (using a PDHID), and 100–1000 μmol/mol (using a TCD), respectively. Further considering the measurement errors of indication results, the PDHID is suitable for SF6 measurement when the concentrations are below 100 μmol/mol, whereas the TCD is suitable for SF6 measurement when the concentrations are over 100 μmol/mol. These results provide useful guidance in choosing an appropriate GC detector for the accurate determination of SF6, which are especially very helpful for developing SF6 reference materials.
Metal Complexes Containing Homoleptic Diorganoselenium(II) Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization and Investigation of Optical Properties
Authors: Dumitraș Darius , Gal Emese , Silvestru Cristian , Pop Alexandra
Published: February 2024

[(Z)-2′-{2-C6H5-(4H)-oxazol-5-one}CHC6H4]2Se (5, L1) and [(Z)-4′-{2-C6H5-(4H)-oxazol-5-one}CHC6H4]2Se (6, L2) were prepared, structurally characterized and used as ligands to obtain new metal complexes of types [MX(Ln)] [L1: M = Ag, X = OTf (7); M = Au, X = Cl (13); L2: M = Ag, X = OTf (8); M = Au, X = Cl (14)], [(MX)2(Ln)] [M = Ag, X = OTf, L1 (9); L2 (10)], [ZnCl2(Ln)] [L1 (15); L2 (16)] and [Ag(Ln)][PF6] [L1 (11); L2 (12)]. The silver complexes 7 and 8 were ionic species (1:1 electrolytes) in a MeCN solution, while in the solid state, the triflate fragments were bonded to the silver cations. Similarly, the 2:1 complexes 9 and 10 were found to behave as 1:2 electrolytes in a MeCN solution, but single-crystal X-ray diffraction demonstrated that compound 9 showed the formation of a dimer in the solid state: a tetranuclear [Ag(OTf)]4 built through bridging triflate ligands was coordinated by two bridging organoselenium ligands through the nitrogen from the oxazolone ring and the selenium atoms in a 1κN:2κSe fashion. Supramolecular architectures supported by intermolecular C−H∙∙∙π, C−H∙∙∙O, Cl∙∙∙H and F∙∙∙H interactions were observed in compounds 4, 5 and 9. The compounds exhibited similar photophysical properties, with a bathochromic shift in the UV-Vis spectra caused by the position of the oxazolone ring on the phenyl ring attached to the selenium atoms.
Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Three Root Exudates from Mulberry Seedlings against Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum
Authors: Li Ping , Wang Siyi , Liu Mengyuan , Dai Xue , Shi Huicong , Zhou Weihong , Sheng Sheng , Wu Fuan
Published: February 2024

Bacterial wilt is a significant soil-borne disease that poses a threat to mulberry production yield and quality of agricultural production worldwide. However, the disease resistance mechanisms dependent on root exudates are not well understood. In this present study, we investigated the antibacterial mechanisms of the main active substances (erucamide, oleamide, and camphor bromide) present in mulberry root exudates (MRE) against Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum (Rp), the causal agent of bacterial wilt. Our findings revealed that these three active substances inhibited the growth activity of Rp by affecting the cell morphology and extracellular polysaccharide content, as well as triggering a burst of reactive oxygen species. The active substances induced oxidative stress, leading to a decrease in Rp growth. Additionally, the expression levels of key genes in the hrp gene cluster (hrpB, hrpX, and hrpF) and other virulence-related genes (such as ripAW, ripAE, Rs5-4819, Rs5-4374, ace, egl3, and pehB) were significantly reduced upon treatment with the active substances. Further pathogenicity experiments demonstrated that root exudates (at a concentration of 1.5 mg·mL−1) delayed or slowed down the occurrence of bacterial wilt in mulberry. These findings provide valuable insight into the antimicrobial mechanisms of MRE against Rp and lay a theoretical foundation for the development and application of biocontrol agents to control mulberry bacterial wilt.
Thermodynamic Analysis and Economic Assessment of Organic Rankine Cycle Integrated with Thermoelectric Generator Onboard Container Ship
Authors: Elkafas Ahmed G.
Published: February 2024

In July 2023, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) presented an updated strategy for decarbonizing maritime transport and achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. It is therefore imperative to explore innovative solutions to achieve a blue economy and maximize energy efficiency on-board ships. For this reason, the current study aims to integrate the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and thermoelectric generator (TEG) on board a container ship to generate electrical energy and reduce fuel consumption. The combined system will benefit from the waste heat of a marine diesel engine installed on board. The current study uses R245fa as the organic liquid and analyzes the effects of varying the evaporation pressure on the energetic and economic performance indicators by modeling the combined system in Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software. The results show that the energy efficiency of the ORC system increases from 12.3% at 3.5 bar to 17.3% at 8 bar. In comparison, the energy efficiency of the TEG unit is 6.9% at different evaporation pressures. In addition, the energy efficiency of the TEG-ORC system is 18.3% with an output of 1386 kW at 8 bar, which is an increase of 30.5% compared to the value at 3.5 bar. This generated power reduces fuel consumption by around 1580 ton/year. From an economic point of view, the energy production cost of the combined system is USD 618/kWh and USD 614/kWh at the lowest and maximum evaporation pressure, respectively. Fuel costs and CO2 tax expenditures could be reduced by up to USD 1.169 million/year and USD 0.47 million/year, respectively, through the combined TEG-ORC system.
A Study for Estimating the Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient in a Pilot-Scale Indirect Rotary Dryer
Authors: Donoso-García Pablo , Henríquez-Vargas Luis , González Juan , Díaz Isaac , Fuentes Ismael
Published: February 2024

An experimental study and dimensional analysis of the effective heat transfer coefficient in a continuous-indirect rotatube dryer using forest biomass as the granular material isare developed in the present work. The study employed a factorial design 33 to investigate the effects of feed flow frequency (20–35–50 (Hz)), drum rotational velocity (6–8–10 (rpm)), and saturated vapor pressure (4–5–6 (bar)) on the heat transfer coefficient. During steady state conditions, the moisture content profiles and inlet and outlet temperatures were measured within the experimental region, and parameters, such as the effective heat transfer coefficient, solid retention change, and moisture content ratio were studied. The results showed that heat transfer was optimized with high solid feeding rates, low pressure, and low rotation, with solid feeding being the predominant factor. The moisture content profiles revealed a change in the hydrodynamic behavior, with the center point of the experimental region being the least optimal. The dimensional analysis yielded a Nu number as a function of Pe, Fr, and the feeding dimensionless number. A new dimensionless energy efficiency number improved the coefficient correlation from 85.88 (%) to 94.46 (%), indicating the developed model potential to predict dimensionless variables and scale continuous-indirect rotatube dryers.
Design and Analysis of VARONE a Novel Passive Upper-Limb Exercising Device
Authors: Amador Luis Daniel Filomeno , Castillo Castañeda Eduardo , Laribi Med Amine , Carbone Giuseppe
Published: February 2024

Robots have been widely investigated for active and passive rehabilitation therapy of patients with upper limb disabilities. Nevertheless, the rehabilitation assessment process is often ignored or just qualitatively performed by the physiotherapist implementing chart-based ordinal scales or observation-based measures, which tend to rely on professional experience and lack quantitative analysis. In order to objectively quantify the upper limb rehabilitation progress, this paper presents a noVel pAssive wRist motiOn assessmeNt dEvice (VARONE) having three degrees of freedom (DoFs) based on the gimbal mechanical design. VARONE implements a mechanism of three revolute passive joints with controllable passive resistance. An inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor is used to quantify the wrist orientation and position, and an encoder module is implemented to obtain the arm positions. The proposed VARONE device can also be used in combination with the previously designed two-DoFs device NURSE (cassiNo-qUeretaro uppeR limb aSsistive dEvice) to perform multiple concurrent assessments and rehabilitation tasks. Analyses and experimental tests have been carried out to demonstrate the engineering feasibility of the intended applications of VARONE. The maximum value registered for the IMU sensor is 36.8 degrees, the minimum value registered is −32.3 degrees, and the torque range registered is around −80 and 80 Nmm. The implemented models include kinematics, statics (F.E.M.), and dynamics. Thirty healthy patients participated in an experimental validation. The experimental tests were developed with different goal-defined exercising paths that the participant had to follow.
Mechanical Properties and Fatigue Life Analysis of Motion Cables in Sensors under Cyclic Loading
Authors: Liang Weizhe , Guan Wei , Ding Ying , Hang Chunjin , Zhou Yan , Zou Xiaojing , Yue Shenghai
Published: February 2024

Motion cables, which are widely used in aero-engine sensors, are critical components that determine sensor stability. Because motion cables have unique motion characteristics, the study of their mechanical properties and reliability is very important. In addition, motion cables are complex in structure and cannot be applied to conventional fixed cable research methods. In this study, a new approach is proposed to introduce the theory of anisotropic composites into a simplified cable model, so that the cable is both physically conditioned and has good mechanical properties. While applying the theory of anisotropic composites, the forces of tension and torsion are considered in a motion cable under the combined action. In this context, the reliability of the structure is the fatigue life of the cable. In this paper, the mechanical properties and fatigue life of motion cables are investigated using the finite element method at different inclination angles and fixation points. The simulation results show that there is a positive correlation between the inclination angle and the extreme stress in the motion cables, and the optimal inclination angle of 0° is determined. The number of fixing points should be reduced to minimize the additional moments generated during the movement and to ensure proper movement of the cables. The optimal configuration is a 0° inclination angle and two fixing points. Subsequently, the fatigue life under these optimal conditions is analyzed. The results show that the high-stress zone corresponds to the location of the short-fatigue life, which is the middle of the motion cables. Therefore, minimizing the inclination angle and the number of fixing points of the motion cables may increase their fatigue life and thus provide recommendations for optimizing their reliability.
Exploiting PlanetScope Imagery for Volcanic Deposits Mapping
Authors: Dozzo Maddalena , Ganci Gaetana , Lucchi Federico , Scollo Simona
Published: February 2024

During explosive eruptions, tephra fallout represents one of the main volcanic hazards and can be extremely dangerous for air traffic, infrastructures, and human health. Here, we present a new technique aimed at identifying the area covered by tephra after an explosive event, based on processing PlanetScope imagery. We estimate the mean reflectance values of the visible (RGB) and near infrared (NIR) bands, analyzing pre- and post-eruptive data in specific areas and introducing a new index, which we call the ‘Tephra Fallout Index (TFI)’. We use the Google Earth Engine computing platform and define a threshold for the TFI of different eruptive events to distinguish the areas affected by the tephra fallout and quantify the surface coverage density. We apply our technique to the eruptive events occurring in 2021 at Mt. Etna (Italy), which mainly involved the eastern flank of the volcano, sometimes two or three times within a day, making field surveys difficult. Whenever possible, we compare our results with field data and find an optimal match. This work could have important implications for the identification and quantification of short-term volcanic hazard assessments in near real-time during a volcanic eruption, but also for the mapping of other hazardous events worldwide.
Sequential Treatment by Ozonation and Biodegradation of Pulp and Paper Industry Wastewater to Eliminate Organic Contaminants
Authors: Amacosta Jessica , Poznyak Tatyana , Siles Sergio , Chairez Isaac
Published: February 2024

In this research, the decomposition of toxic organics from pulp and paper mill effluent by the sequential application of ozonation and biodegradation was studied. Ozonation, as a pre-treatment, was executed to transform the initial pollutants into less toxic compounds (such as organic acids of low molecular weights). Biodegradation was executed during three days with acclimated microorganisms that were able to complete the decomposition of the initial organic mixture (raw wastewater) and to achieve a higher degree of mineralization (85–90%). Experiments were performed under three different conditions: (a) only ozonation of the initial contaminants, (b) only biodegradation of residual water without previous treatment by ozone and (c) ozonation followed by biodegradation performed by acclimated microorganisms. In the case of 72 h of biodegradation, the mineralization efficiency reached 85% and 89% after 30 and 60 min of ozonation, respectively. The no significant difference in this parameter coincided with the calculated generalized microorganisms’ consortia specific growing rate μmax that was reduced from 2.08 × 10−3 h−1 to 6.05 × 10−4 h−1 when the ozonation time was longer. The identification of the organics composition by gas chromatography with mass detector (GC-MS) before and after treatments confirmed that the proposed combined process served as a more efficient alternative to secondary and tertiary treatments (mineralization degree between 60 and 80% in average) of the paper industry wastewater.
Immunogenicity of Tetravalent Protein Vaccine SCTV01E-2 against SARS-CoV-2 EG.5 Subvaraint: A Phase 2 Trial
Authors: Tang Jihai , Xu Qinghua , Zhu Chaoyin , Xuan Kun , Li Tao , Li Qingru , Pang Xingya , Zha Zhenqiu , Li Jinwei , Qiao Liyang , Xu Haiyang , Wu Gang , Tian Yan , Han Jun , Gao Cuige , Yi Jiang , Qian Gui , Tian Xuxin , Xie Liangzhi
Published: February 2024

The Omicron EG.5 lineage of SARS-CoV-2 is currently on a trajectory to become the dominant strain. This phase 2 study aims to evaluate the immunogenicity of SCTV01E-2, a tetravalent protein vaccine, with a specific emphasis on its immunogenicity against Omicron EG.5, comparing it with its progenitor vaccine, SCTV01E (NCT05933512). As of 12 September 2023, 429 participants aged ≥18 years were randomized into the groups SCTV01E (N = 215) and SCTV01E-2 (N = 214). Both vaccines showed increases in neutralizing antibody (nAb) against Omicron EG.5, with a 5.7-fold increase and a 9.0-fold increase in the SCTV01E and SCTV01E-2 groups 14 days post-vaccination, respectively. The predetermined statistical endpoints were achieved, showing that the geometric mean titer (GMT) of nAb and the seroresponse rate (SRR) against Omicron EG.5 were significantly higher in the SCTV01E-2 group than in the SCTV01E group. Additionally, SCTV01E and SCTV01E-2 induced a 5.5-fold and a 5.9-fold increase in nAb against XBB.1, respectively. Reactogenicity was generally mild and transient. No vaccine-related serious adverse events (SAEs), adverse events of special interest (AESIs), or deaths were reported. In summary, SCTV01E-2 elicited robust neutralizing responses against Omicron EG.5 and XBB.1 without raising safety concerns, highlighting its potential as a versatile COVID-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Vaccine Hesitancy and Public Mistrust during Pandemic Decline: Findings from 2021 and 2023 Cross-Sectional Surveys in Northern Italy
Authors: Barbieri Verena , Wiedermann Christian J. , Lombardo Stefano , Piccoliori Giuliano , Gärtner Timon , Engl Adolf
Published: February 2024

This study examines vaccine agreements in South Tyrol, Italy, within distinct socio-cultural and linguistic contexts. Using data from the 2021 and 2023 “COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring” extended surveys, we assessed changes in attitudes towards COVID-19 and other vaccinations during the second and final years of the pandemic. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine factors such as trust in institutions, language groups, and the use of complementary and alternative medicine. The representativeness of the study is supported by good participation rates, ensuring a comprehensive view of attitudes towards vaccination in the region. The results show a shift in public agreement with the national vaccination plan to 64% by 2023, from a rate of about 73% agreement in 2021 (p < 0.001). A significant decrease in trust in health authorities and a negative correlation with complementary and alternative medicine consultations were observed. The results highlight the complex nature of vaccine hesitancy in diverse regions such as South Tyrol and underline the need for targeted communication strategies and trust-building initiatives to effectively reduce hesitancy. This study provides critical insights for the formulation of public health strategies in diverse sociocultural settings.
Research on the Multiple Capacitor Current Sharing of High-Current Receiving Coils in a Series–Series Wireless Charging System
Authors: Xie Yuxin , Cai Shengkun , Li Guangye , Liu Zhizhen , Zhao Yuandi , Qiao Gangjie , Li Xianglin
Published: February 2024

In order to improve wireless charging power and reduce heating problems, the optimal design of the high-current wireless charging coil has always been the research focus of wireless charging system research. This paper proposes a multi-branch and multi-capacitance current sharing method for series–series (SS) receiving coils. Firstly, the current sharing model with n branches that are connected parallel to multiple compensation capacitors is established. The current sharing situation of parallel coils with three branches and three capacitors with independently resonant compensation is analyzed. Then, the wireless charging system with the parallel coils of 48 V/100 A receiving coils is simulated. The results show that when one capacitor is used for compensation, the three-coil currents highly differ; when three capacitors are compensated independently, the three-coil currents are basically equal. The simulation results show that the current sharing method can effectively improve the charging power of the system and reduce the maximum temperature of the receiving coil, which proves the effectiveness of this method. Finally, through the experimental comparison, it is verified that the current sharing measure can make the current of each wire basically equal.
Reducing the Environmental Impact of Large Battery Systems with Conductive Electric Road Systems—A Technical Overview
Authors: Wenander David , Alaküla Mats
Published: February 2024

A radical transformation of the transport industry is required in order to achieve a fossil-fuel-free vehicle fleet and reach the greenhouse gas emissions goals. Electrification plays a crucial role in this radical process. An electric road system (ERS) is a road that supplies power to electric vehicles as they drive on it, offering numerous advantages. These include an extended driving range, decreased reliance on batteries, and increased flexibility and convenience for drivers, eliminating the need to stop for recharging. This paper highlights the transformative potential of ERS in revolutionizing the land transport sector. Through thorough testing with a conductive ERS demonstrator, the viability of the presented technology is validated. Essential aspects like power transfer, efficiency, safety, and environmental impact showcase ERS’s adaptability and scalability across diverse vehicle types. This study recommends widespread ERS support for battery electric vehicles, emphasizing the route toward a sustainable future.
What next for behaviour change professional development in general practice? Insights from an environmental scan and workshops
Authors: Brickley Bryce , Advocat Jenny , Chai Tze Lin , Bowden Mitchell , Rieger Elizabeth , Ball Lauren , Ng Raeann , Gunatillaka Nilakshi , Sturgiss Elizabeth Ann
Published: February 2024

Background

A key role of general practice professionals (that is, GPs, and general practice nurses [GPNs]) is to support patients to change behaviours. Traditional approaches to assisting patients with, and learning about, behaviour change have modest outcomes.

Aim

To explore behaviour change with GPs and GPNs and the availability of related professional development (PD) opportunities.

Design & setting

Multi-methods study comprising an environmental scan survey of behaviour change tools and PD opportunities, and online workshops with Australian GPs and GPNs.

Method

Survey data were analysed using qualitative content analysis, informing the design of the workshops. Workshop data included observation, note-taking, and collaborative reflection, which were analysed thematically and synthesised with survey data.

Results

The survey had 18 complete responses. For the two virtual workshops, workshop 1 had 16 participants and workshop 2 had eight participants. There was diversity in awareness of existing behaviour change tools and resources. Preferences for future tools and PD opportunities related to specific aspects of its design, content, activities, and delivery. The following three themes developed from the workshop data: recognising the importance of relationships; recognising the importance of continuity; and keeping context in mind. In the absence of tools and resources, GPs and GPNs discussed behaviour change as something that occurs best through a patient-centred alliance that is continuing, respectful, grounded in trust and an understanding of their patient, and prioritises patient autonomy.

Conclusion

Future general practice behaviour change PD should support clinicians to ‘assist’ patients and recognise the social and contextual influences on behaviour.
A propos des inscriptions enregistrant des fondations de temples en Inde Classique : l’exemple des temples Pallava (Inde du sud).
Authors: Brocquet Sylvain
Published: February 2024

This study deals with the thirteen dedicatory inscriptions engraved on the walls of the temples which were consecrated by kings belonging to the southern dynasty of the Pallavas, from the viith up to the viiith C. A. D. All these texts are first inventoried, given in their full extent or partially (those which happen to deal with other topics), and translated. Then their phraseology is closely analysed, which leads to the conclusion that their authors had recourse to a phrase with stable characters, which was gradually expanded by means of increments added to its various elements – the founder king, the godly recipient and the temple or the image that have been consecrated. The third part of the study investigates the function of dedicatory inscriptions : on the basis of a new interpretation of the famous Mahendravarman’s epigraph by which the Gaṅgādhara relief is flanked in the temple halfway up Tiruccirāpaḷḷi hill, it is hypothesized that such inscriptions are intended to achieve the king’s physical presence in the temple, so that they act as the “ king’s body” itself, assuming the status of a mūrti-(“ material manifestation”) or a liṅga-(“ token”), beside the image or the symbol that, on its part, achieves the god’s own physical presence.
Le classement du tumulus de Soings-en-Sologne (Loir-et-Cher) sur la liste de 1840 : paradoxes et impensés d’un manifeste patrimonial
Authors: Angevin Raphaël , Schemmama Valérie
Published: February 2024

The tumulus of Soings-en-Sologne (Loir-et-Cher, France) has a special place on the first list of French Historical Monuments drawn up in 1840. It is an exception because of its nature and chronology, but also because of the motivations behind and the conditions of its classification as a Historical Monument. This singularity finds its roots in the inquiry requested of the departmental Prefects by the Minister of the Interior, C. de Montalivet in 1837 : it aimed to complete the work of the Inspector of Historical Monuments and to draw up a list of monuments “ for which subsidies are requested”. In the department of the Loiret-Cher, this episode highlights a central personality, Louis de la Saussaye (1801-
Logiques économiques, logiques juridiques : une remise en cause?
Authors: Montigny Gilles , Schirrer Maxime
Published: February 2024

Questioning the economic and legal future of cities in the post-covid era can be done through the prism of four milestone issues : population density, the reshaping of economic systems, the search for alternative economic models, and ecological and digital transitions. Against a backdrop of far-reaching territorial change, did the new city turn its back on the old one or is it part of a continuum ?
L’expérience d’un haut fonctionnaire
Authors: Duport Jean-Pierre
Published: February 2024

Jean-Pierre Duport plaide en faveur du binôme «régions-intercommunalités» permettant d’articuler vision stratégique à long terme et prise en charge des problèmes de la vie quotidienne. Mais il s’interroge sur la place des départements, suggérant que le Conseil départemental soit composé des présidents d’intercommunalités. Il préconise, en outre, de rompre avec l’uniformité administrative des territoires pour s’adapter à leur diversité et d’associer les corps intermédiaires à la gouvernance locale.
La pratique d’un maire
Authors: Laurent Philippe
Published: February 2024

With or in spite of decentralization, the State has somewhat lost the sense of the general interest that it was supposed to embody, assuming competences disconnected from field experiences. As a result, mistrust tends to prevail in the relation with elected local officials. Hence the suggestion to set up a permanent "conference of executives" between the government and local executives in charge of enforcing laws on their territory.
La parole d’une ancienne ministre
Authors: Lepage Corinne
Published: February 2024

Drawing on her experience as an advocate and former minister, Corinne Lepage questions the persistent difficulties in implementing a real environmental policy and the inadequacies of effective urban “governance”.
Quand l’État est défaillant. La sauvegarde de logements sociaux des réfugiés d'Asie Mineure à Nikaia (Athènes)
Authors: Lavrentiadou Marie
Published: February 2024

Notre objectif est de mettre en évidence les raisons pour lesquelles il existe un besoin aujourd'hui d’intervention organisée pour le réaménagement et la sauvegarde de logements sociaux des réfugiés d’Asie Mineure à Nikaia (Athènes). Quelles sont les conditions pour une rénovation qui améliorera esthétiquement l''espace, augmentera les valeurs réelles d'utilisation des propriétés et constituera une partie vivante du tissu urbain non seulement pour ses habitants, mais aussi pour la ville.
Explorando o potencial do arduino como ferramenta didática para a graduação em engenharia elétrica e biomédica
Authors: De Miranda Arthur Gutemberg Hora , Martins Kaio Edson Magno , Maia Lucas Borges , Medeiros Lucas Maxwel Fernandes Sales , Lobato Elen Priscila de Souza , Fonseca Wellington da Silva
Published: February 2024

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo verificar o potencial do microcontrolador Arduino como uma ferramenta didática em cursos de engenharia, no âmbito da redução da evasão dos estudantes em cursos dessa área. Para isso, um questionário foi aplicado para estudantes dos cursos de engenharia elétrica e biomédica da universidade federal do Pará, com o propósito de obter informações acerca das dificuldades que esses alunos possuem, o seu nível de conhecimento sobre Arduino e averiguar a relevância dessa ferramenta para os alunos. De posse dos resultados obtidos pelo questionário, foi possível verificar que o Arduino possui grande relevância no contexto delineado e pode ser uma ferramenta importante que pode ser utilizada para mitigar a evasão de estudantes de engenharia. Por conseguinte, corroborando para a superação desse desafio de longa data que é a evasão em cursos de engenharia.
Childhood, vulnerability and education: pedagogical practice in social education
Authors: Fernández-Henarejos Ana del Carmen Tolino
Published: February 2024

During the academic year 2021/2022, a cultural activity aimed at children was developed in the Degree of Social Education of the University of Murcia (Spain) within the framework of affective education and social skills in children, called "Educate emotions through the five senses" whose general objective was to educate emotional intelligence through adapted strategies so that children identify, recognize and express their emotions and feelings from language skills, communication and interaction with the environment and with others. To that end, the group of 20 children living in the First Reception and Half-stay Centre was invited to the University for 52 Social Education students to implement the intervention program they had developed in the subject of "Educational Action Programme for Children and Youth". The children lived the experience of attending university and working emotions with future professionals. This work relates the experience designed, implemented and evaluated in the classroom.
The Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is Customer Service Process in the Pharmaceutical Industry: A Case Study in Public Laboratories
Authors: Alba Lucia Silva do Nascimento  , Johnderson Nogueira de Carvalho  , Josiane Machado Vieira Mattoso  , Josiane Dantas Viana Barbosa  , Roberto José da Silva Badaró  , Erick Giovani Sperandio Nascimento  , Felipe Rodrigues da Silva  , Jeancarlo Pereira dos Anjos  , Leticia de Alencar Pereira Rodrigues  , Marcelo Luiz Lima Brandão
Published: February 2024

The Consumer Service (SAC) is an important communication and relationship channel with the customer. This study sought automated data collection and analysis techniques to trace profiles and strategies that are part of the SAC 4.0 model in official laboratories A and B. The method consisted of document analysis of standardized procedures and database research using the keywords SAC, artificial intelligence, and pharmaceutical industry. The results showed that laboratories A and B use the SAC 2.0 model and do not apply AI techniques. Evidence shows that pharmaceutical industries in Brazil use the SAC 4.0 model. It is concluded that the AI tools in the SAC contribute to improvements and efficiency in the process.
Priority Areas Evaluation for Green Hydrogen Production Implementation in Bahia
Authors: Lucas Sarmento Neves da Rocha  , Edna dos Santos Almeida  , Naiara Mota dos Santos  , Bruno Leonardo Santos Menezes
Published: February 2024

This study aims to assess different priority scenarios for developing Green Hydrogen (GH2) projects in Bahia, considering different input conditions in a mathematical model. This analysis supports the decision-making process regarding implementing GH2 production units, especially those utilizing the water electrolysis technique and electricity from renewable sources. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, eight hypothetical scenarios were modeled, considering the use of on-grid and off-grid renewable energy, production intended to meet local or external demands, and water availability for the electrolysis process. Due to the abundance of water resources and renewable energy sources, the Bacia do Rio Grande region emerged as the most suitable for the implementation of GH2 projects in the majority of the analyzed scenarios. However, the Metropolitano de Salvador region is the top option when factors such as development, infrastructure, and GH2 demand (internal and external) are more significant.
Assistive Technologies for the Deaf: A Study of the Search for Indexed Patents at the Brazilian National Institute of Industrial Property
Authors: Aline da Cruz Porto Silva  , Aloísio S. Nascimento Filho
Published: February 2024

This article presents a patent search study of 'Assistive Technologies for Deaf People.' The aim is to investigate patented technologies in Brazil, deposited with the National Institute of Industrial Property, to identify the tools developed for deaf people and to identify market opportunities for the advancement and development of new technologies that benefit the information and communication of deaf people. The methodological approach is a systematic review followed by a prospective study. Nineteen documents with extensive coverage deposited in the INPI's patent database were selected. Finally, the prospection showed a significant indication of assistive technologies, the vast majority of which favor the communication of deaf people, prioritizing Sign Language, thus ensuring linguistic accessibility, autonomy, and social inclusion.