bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Global Health Crisis Affected the Economy of an Emerging Metropolis: The Case of Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines
Authors: Sabal Jhon Louie B.
Published: October 2023

This paper estimates the impact of government strategies that aimed at containing the spread of COVID-19, to the local economic activities of Cagayan de Oro - a highly urbanized city in the Northern region of Mindanao. In the absence of city-level measure for Gross Domestic Product (GDP), gross sales among the 20,626 registered businesses are utilized as an alternative determinant. GDP measures the amount of output produced of a certain area within a specific time-period. Cagayan de Oro is predominantly food sector dependent contributing to almost 80% of its local economic activities. BPO, however, is the fastest growing sector but the food industry is near second. The gross sales of BPO, Tourism and Construction recorded the highest increase for the past ten-years, which indicates that these sectors are massively growing within the city. Using a simple moving-average equation from the business registration data of the City Finance Office from 2010-2019, this paper discovers that the friction created to slow down economic activities cost the city P131, 704,672.26 of foregone sales per week. The estimated impact of a week-long lockdown in the food sector amounts to P645,296,177.66 or a per capita loss of income of P2,428.95. In other words, the impact of lockdown to one food company is around P2,000. Per-capita cost is bigger among medical (P6,631.40) and construction (P7,747.14) firms considering lumpy inputs and higher set-up costs. A one-week lockdown leads to a P104,840,708.03 and P84,954,117.49 of foregone sales in the medical and construction sectors, respectively. This paper also locates the business concentration landscape and potential of Cagayan de Oro City among its 80 barangays and calculates the estimated revenue loss of each sector located among these barangays.
Counting and Accounting for Mental Health Related Deaths in England and Wales
Authors: Baker David , Fidalgo Marta , Harrison-Brant Lauren
Published: October 2023

This article examines how mental health related deaths (MHRDs) in England and Wales are counted and accounted for. Data collated by the National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health (NCISH) constructs such deaths as being predominantly the result of suicide. This article examines 221 Reports to Prevent Future Deaths (PFDs) issued by coroners’ courts in relation to MHRDs. It establishes that in 49% of cases suicide is not recorded as the sole cause of death. The article also provides thematic findings that emerged from the qualitative analysis of these PFDs and identifies issues with errors or deficiencies in the provision of care (in 72% of cases), communication (55%) and policy (26%). The findings emphasise that organisational and structural issues contribute to deaths of people in connection with mental healthcare and that these deaths should not solely be considered suicides. The article raises significant questions about the accuracy of mortality data and the capacity of public organisations to learn lessons that might prevent future deaths.
Effectiveness of University-Provided Individual Counselling for Healthcare Students: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lo Moro Giuseppina , Gualano Maria Rosaria , Vicentini Costanza , Marengo Noemi , Bert Fabrizio , Siliquini Roberta
Published: October 2023

Medical, nursing, and other healthcare students undergo specific stressors. Their mental health represents a priority for universities and the entire community. This review aimed to gather evidence about the effectiveness of individual psychological counselling offered by universities to healthcare students. A systematic review was conducted by searching PubMed, Scopus, and APA PsycInfo. A total of 1906 records were identified. The selection resulted in six studies published between 1994 and 2014. The most common design was quasi-experimental. Half focused on medical students and often interventions comprised other elements. Outcomes were related to mental health issues, academic performance, or both. The results showed statistically significant improvements, with some exceptions. The present review highlighted some specific characteristics that must be considered in order to fill the existing gap in this field, such as widening the range of studied outcomes, improving the description of the intervention, and planning randomized controlled trials (RCT) to compare strategies.
Implementation of al-Ghazali's Educational Thought at Ilyas Karanganyar Islamic Boarding School
Authors: Purbiyanto Eko , Bakri Syamsul
Published: October 2023

This journal aims to find out how the Implementation of al-Ghazali's Educational Thought at the Ilyas Karanganyar Islamic Boarding School. The benefit is for the government and educators to make al-Ghazali's educational thoughts an inspiration and reference in implementing quality Indonesian education. The results of this journal are that the building of al-Ghazali's educational thought is religious-ethical in nature. al-Ghazali's educational goals cover 3 (three) aspects, namely cognitive aspects, affective aspects, and psychomotor aspects. In addition to placing two important things as an educational orientation, namely achieving human perfection to qualitatively get closer to the creator of Allah SWT; and achieve human perfection to achieve happiness in this world and the hereafter. Educators are individuals who master a scientific discipline and are able to practice it as well as human figures who totally concentrate on the field of education. Students are placed as objects as well as subjects and set ten ideal criteria that students must strive for in order to be successful in education. Al-Ghazali mentions four categories of scientific classification, namely; classification of syar'iyah (religious) science and 'aqliyah (reasoning); theoretical and practical sciences; knowledge presented (hudhÃ»ri) and acquired (hushÃ»li); The science of fardhu 'ain and fardhu kifÃ¢yah. Al-Ghazali's teaching method emphasizes that teachers who provide knowledge are required to use exemplary methods and dialogue in the learning process.
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression Analysis to Identify Factors Influencing Student Study Period
Authors: Anggraira Attilah Suci , Nirwana Muhammad Bayu , Subanti Sri
Published: October 2023

The length of study is the time needed by students to complete their education, which is calculated from the time they enter school until they graduate. In general, a student is considered to graduate on time if he has studied for no more than four years. This study aims to identify the factors that influence the length of study of students using survival analysis with the Cox Proportional Hazard regression model. This study used data from 146 students who were randomly selected enrolled at Sebelas Maret University, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, batch 2017 and 2018. The research variables consisted of nine predictor variables that were thought to influence student length of study. The nine factors are gender, major, GPA, university entrance, scholarship, part-time work, region of origin, organization, and committee. The results show that the following factors that significantly influence the length of study of students are majors and GPA. The results of this study have important benefits for higher education administrators and policy makers to develop strategies that can help students complete study programs on time.
img2fmri: a python package for predicting group-level fMRI responses to visual stimuli using deep neural networks
Authors: Bennett Maxwell , Baldassano Christopher
Published: October 2023

Here we introduce a new python package, img2fmri, to predict group-level fMRI responses to individual images. This prediction model uses an artificial deep neural network (DNN), as DNNs have been successful at predicting cortical responses in the human visual cortex when trained on real world visual categorization tasks. To validate our model, we predict fMRI responses to images our model has not previously seen from a new dataset. We then show how our frame-by-frame prediction model can be extended to a continuous visual stimulus by predicting an fMRI response to Pixar Animation Studio’s short film Partly Cloudy. In analyzing the timepoint-timepoint similarity of our predicted fMRI response around human-annotated event boundaries in the movie, we find that our model outperforms the baseline model in describing the dynamics of the real fMRI response around these event boundaries, particularly in the timepoints just before and at an event. These analyses suggest that in visual areas of the brain, at least some of the temporal dynamics we see in the brain’s processing of continuous, naturalistic stimuli can be explained by dynamics in the stimulus itself, since they can be predicted from our frame-by-frame model. All code, analyses, tutorials, and installation instructions can be found at https://github.com/dpmlab/img2fmri.
Исследование нестационарных тепловых потерь в плоских солнечных коллекторах
Authors: Кличев Ш.И. , Бахрамов С.А. , Кенжаев И.Г. , Турсунбаев Ж.Ж. , Маразаков Ш.А.
Published: October 2023

Исследованы дневные тепловые потери и температуры теплоносителя на выходе плоских солнечных коллекторов (СК) с учетом переменности плотности падающего солнечного излучения на СК. Исследования проводили на основе разработанной одномерной трехслойной распределенной нестационарной тепловой модели плоской одноканальной CK с неселективным приемником, учитывающей изменение температур по длине СК. Показано, что основные теплопотери в СК в летнее время – это излучения с прозрачного ограждения (ПО) до 78% и с теплоизоляции днища 15%, конвективные теплопотери составляют около 7%, из них в ПО около 5.5% и 1.5% в изоляции. Эти показатели и температуры теплоносителя на выходе из CK существенно переменны в течение дня, что необходимо учитывать при определении кпд СК. Показано, что улучшение тепловых характеристик CK, в первую очередь, зависит от возможности уменьшения потерь излучением с ПО. Уменьшение тепловых потерь CK за счет увеличения толщины теплоизоляции ограничено из-за малых тепловых эффектов.
Дефекты, характерные для гидрогенизированных аморф-ных полупроводников, и спектры дефектного поглощения
Authors: Абдулазизов Б.Т. , Икрамов Р.Г. , Нуриддинова М.А. , Султанов Б.К. , Холмирзаев О.Т.
Published: October 2023

В настоящей работе теоретически исследованы спектры поглощения дефектов, характерных для гидрогенизированного аморфного кремния. Установлено, что основную роль в определении спектра дефектного поглощения играют парциальные спектры,      определяемые оптическими переходами электронов между разрешенными зонами и         дефектами. Показано, что при степенном распределении плотности электронных состоя-ний в разрешенных зонах, спектры оптических переходов между ними и дефектами не зависят от значения этой степени.
Особенности структур p-por-Si/p-c-Si и механизм токопереноса
Authors: Бобохўжаев У.С. , Усманов М.А.
Published: October 2023

Как известно, если por-Si осаждается на подложку из кристаллического кремния p-типа, в por-Si образуются глубокие уровни и поверхностные состояния. Это приводит к сдвигу уровня Ферми (EF) в сторону зоны проводимости, за счет сдвига возникает потенциальный барьер между слоями por-Si и с-Si. Кроме того, вследствие увеличения концентрации глубоких уровней в por-Si уменьшается концентрация дырок и между слоями por-Si и с-Si образуется p-p+ переход. Из-за разной концентрации дырок с обеих сторон перехода возникает диффузионный ток. На основе диффузионной теории нами получено аналитическое выражение температурной зависимости диффузионного тока.
Влияние ионной бомбардировки и последующего прогрева на состав поверхности монокристаллической меди
Authors: Исаханов З.А. , Косимов И.О. , Халматов А.С. , Мухтаров З.Э. , Умирзаков Б.Е. , Ахмедов А.А.
Published: October 2023

В статье исследовано изменение элементного и химического состава поверхности Сu при очистке прогревом в сочетании с ионной бомбардировкой. Для элементного анализа меди и химических состояний атомов примесных элементов, в первую очередь, кислорода и водорода, мы использовали методы ЭОС и ВИМС. По методу ОЭС проведены расчеты концентрации основных и примесных элементов. Также проведена очистка поверхности имплантацией ионов активных металлов с последующим отжигом при Т≃1000 К. Для этого Сu очищали сначала прогревом до Т≃1200 К, затем на очищенную поверхность направляли ионы Cs+ c Е0=1 кэВ при дозе насыщения d≃6´1016 см-2.       Полученные результаты позволяют корректировать технологический процесс получения меди с улучшенной чистотой.
Можно ли идентифицировать наблюдаемые виды балджей спиральных галактик модами возмущений?
Authors: Ботиров Ф.У.
Published: October 2023

В данной работе изучается вопрос, возможно ли объяснить происхождение всех наблюдаемых видов балджей спиральных галактик на основе механизма гравитационных неустойчивостей вертикальных мод возмущений на фоне нестационарной модели самогравитирующего диска. Выполнен статистический анализ данных наблюдений балджей спиральных галактик, а также поиск соответствующих мод возмущений, которые могли бы объяснить происхождение всех их наблюдаемых видов.
O влиянии температуры поверхностно-ионизационного эмиттера на закономерности термодесорбционных спектров наркотических веществ
Authors: Раджабов А.Ш. , Исхакова С.С. , Нормуродова М.О.
Published: October 2023

Исследованы термодесорбционные спектры морфина, героина, кодеина и папаверинапри разных температурах TE поверхностно-ионизационного эмиттера. Выяснено, чтозависимости температуры максимума термодесорбционных спектров от TE эмиттера, наблюдаемые при определенных низких значениях TE эмиттера, различны для разных исследованных веществ и исчезают при более высоких значениях TE эмиттера. На основе термодесорбционной спектрометрии и математического моделирования процесса образования ионов на основе закономерностей поверхностной ионизации частиц в нестационарных условиях установлено, что эта зависимость возникает за счет зависимости скорости гетерогенных процессов, происходящих при адсорбциимолекул на поверхности эмиттера, от TE эмиттера.
Исследования углового распределения степени поляриза-ции диффузно отраженного и прошедшего естественного солнечного излучения через слои атмосферы
Authors: Собиров М.М. , Розиков Ж.Ю. , Рузибоев В.У.
Published: October 2023

В статье проведён расчёт углового распределения степени поляризации диффузно отраженного и прошедшего естественного солнечного излучения из слоев атмосферы при многократном рэлеевском рассеянии. Расчёты выполнены в рамках теории S,T-матриц Чандрасекара с применением метода факторизации. Описаны некоторые особенности, связанные с определением численных значений X,Y-функций методом последовательных приближений. Показано, что при m=m0, когда угол наблюдения равен углу освещения, в угловом распределении степени поляризации диффузно прошедшего излучения наблюдается особенность. Степень поляризации прошедшего излучения вокруг этой точки изменяется скачкообразно. Также исследованы изменения угловой ширины разрыва в зависимости от угла освещения и оптической толщины.
Образование пренуклеационных кластеров перилена в вакууме
Authors: Хусанова Д.X. , Джурахалов А.A. , Мирзаев C.З. , Халилов У.Б.
Published: October 2023

Несмотря на обширные исследования в области синтеза нанокристаллов перилена, процессы пренуклеации до сих пор плохо изучены. С использованием реактивной молекулярной динамики мы исследовали эти процессы с помощью плоских молекул перилена. Результаты подтвердили соответствие теории созревания Оствальда, где молекулы перилена формируют кластеры в вакууме. Присутствие метоксигруппы влияло на скорость и структуру кластеризации. Интересно отметить, что предпочтительные начальные кластеры, определенные на основе оценки свободной энергии Гиббса, отличались от кристаллических единиц в кристаллах перилена в форме "елочек", указывая на           неклассические механизмы формирования нанокристаллов. Это исследование расширяет наши знания о росте нанокристаллов на основе перилена.
Экспериментальный макет усилителя сигнала в электрической цепи электронного термометра
Authors: Хакимов А.А. , Рахматов А.З. , Герасименко С.Ю. , Закиров Р.Г. , Aбдулхаев O.A. , Кулиев Ш.М.
Published: October 2023

Рассмотрена роль усилителя сигнала сенсорного датчика для электрической цепи электронного термометра. С помощью программы MULTISIM промоделирована работа рассматриваемого в статье усилителя, и исследованы его характеристики на экспериментально изготовленном образце. Экспериментальная проверка работы схемы показала наличие усиленного сигнала и квазилинейную зависимость его от температуры при выбранной конфигурации устройства, в частности, в диапазоне от 35°С до 42°С сигнал изменялся от 1.126 В до 1.144 В. Также обсуждена необходимость устранения недостатков схемы и влияние присутствия искажений и шумовых помех на получение сигнала требуемого качества.
Влияние упругой деформации на энергии образования и активации движения ионов в кристаллах LaF3
Authors: Ахмеджанов Ф.Р. , Мирзаев С.З. , Нуждов Г.С. , Авдиевич В.Н. , Мустафаев Т.Ш.
Published: October 2023

Исследованы закономерности влияния упругой деформации на энергии образования и активации движения ионов в суперионных кристаллах LaF3. Показано, что в диэлектрической фазе при изменении расстояния между анионно-катионными плоскостями в кристаллической решетке на 1-2% проводимость ионного кристалла в зоне деформации растяжения может возрастать на 2 порядка. В результате в таком кристалле суперионная фаза наступает при более низких температурах.
Исследование метода термального атомно-слоевого осаждения для создания функциональных покрытий TiO2 на макропористой кремниевой подложке
Authors: Турдалиев Т.К. , Ашуров Р.Х. , Зохидов Х.Х.
Published: October 2023

Макропористая кремниевая подложка, полученная электрохимическим травлением, характеризуется равномерным распределением пор. Для нанесения пленки TiO2 применен метод термального атомно-слоевого осаждения, также исследованы особенности процесса и оптимизированы его параметры. Результаты исследования подтверждены спектральной эллипсометрией, сканирующей электронной микроскопией и элементным анализом с использованием SEM EDS. Исследования показывают эффективность метода для однородного нанесения тонких пленок TiO2 на макропористые кремниевые подложки.
Письма в редколлегию Энергетические зоны и эффекты спинового катализа
Authors: Оксенгендлер Б.Л. , Кутлимуротов Б.Р. , Кучканов Ш.К. , Максимов С.Е. , Никифорова Н.Н.
Published: October 2023

В статье рассмотрено проявление зонного строения электронного спектра неметаллических твёрдых тел в ряде процессов спиновой химии радикалов. Показано, что при определённом взаимном расположении границ зон и электронных уровнейатомов распад триплетного состояния может идти по электронному либо атомному каналу. Выявлено, что участие в этих процессах фотона может увеличивать вероятность таких эффектов, включая процессы переворота спина (flip-flop).
Влияние условий получения на некоторые свойства оксида никеля
Authors: Абдисаидов И.Ж. , Гуломжанова С.Г. , Рахмонова У.Б.
Published: October 2023

Нанопорошок оксида никеля был синтезирован золь-гель методом с использованием в качестве исходного реагента нитрата никеля. В процессе синтеза варьировали интенсивность перемешивания исходной смеси и температуру прокаливания. Свойства полученного продукта оценивали на дифрактометре, а также с помощью прибора NanoSight. Показано, что зависимость размера наночастиц в диапазоне температур прокаливания 600-1100 К практически линейна и позволяет достаточно точно прогнозировать их размер в диапазоне от ~10 до 50 нм. Впервые получена информация о значительном и       немонотонном изменении соотношения между размером и количеством наночастиц от интенсивности перемешивания суспензии.
Non-acceptance of low vision aids (LVADs) among patients presented to eye OPD in Poly Clinic Hospital Islamabad
Authors:   Federal Government Employs Poly Clinic Hospital Islamabad Pakistan, Malik Qurat ul Ain , Chaudhry Mumtaz ,   Federal Government Employs Poly Clinic Hospital Islamabad Pakistan, Anwar Adila ,   Federal Government Employs Poly Clinic Hospital Islamabad Pakistan, Ahmed Samra ,   Federal Government Employs Poly Clinic Hospital Islamabad Pakistan, Shah Mutahir ,   KRL Hospital Islamabad Pakistan, Ullah Saif ,   PIO, Al-Shifa Eye-Trust Rawalpindi Pakistan
Published: October 2023

Background: Vision impairment is a public health problem and every patient with visual impairment doesn’t accept low vision aids (LVA’s). Objective: To explore the non-acceptability rate of low vision aids with the reasons for not opting for them. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology in the Polyclinic Hospital, Islamabad. A sample of n=100 Patients in the selected age groups 20 to 80 years diagnosed with age-related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa, diabetic retinopathy, high myopia/hypermetropia, optic atrophy/neuropathies, and glaucoma were recruited using non- probability purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using a predefined form to determine the willingness of low-vision patients to adopt LVAs. The non-acceptance rate was calculated as the percentage of participants declining LVA services, assessed through their responses on the form. Results: The mean age of the participants was 43.48±14 with a range from 20 to 80 years. A total of n=100 patients out of which n=58 were males and n=42 were females. Among these n=100 patients, n=91 patients show non-acceptance with a gender distribution of n=53 male and n=38 female patients. The major reason for non- acceptance was unaffordability for LVA among males (n=19) and n=06), followed by usage difficulty, transportation, fear of losing jobs, social stigma, low necessity, and lack of awareness. Conclusion: Non-acceptance of low vision aids among the study population due to unaffordability, compounded by social stigma, financial constraints, and limited awareness, underscores the need to address these barriers for better device utilization and enhanced quality of life for visually impaired individuals. Keywords: blindness; vision aids; visual impairment
Cases of spinal cord injury: correlation among resilience, social support and psychological well-being
Authors:   Paraplegic Centre, Peshawar, Pakistan, Naimat Sara , Asad Shumaila ,   Riphah International University, Lahore Pakistan, Rehman Shafiq ur ,   Department of Prosthetics and Orthotics, Paraplegic Centre, Peshawar, Pakistan, Niamat Sahar ,   Private Clinic, Saqulain Ghulam ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology Capital Hospital PGMI, Islamabad, Pakistan, Kamran Muhammad ,   Department of Prosthetics & Orthotics Chal Foundation Bacha Khan Medical Complex, Swabi, Pakistan
Published: October 2023

Background: Spinal injuries are highly prevalent and are a major cause of disability. Studying resilience, perceived social support, and psychological well-being in persons with spinal cord injury is important for better-managing patients with spinal cord injuries. Objectives: To analyze the correlation among resilience, perceived social support, and psychological well-being in persons with spinal cord injury. Methods: This cross-sectional correlational study was conducted at Riphah International University, Lahore Pakistan from September 2019 to February 2020. The study utilized a sample of 100 patients with spinal cord injury using purposive sampling. The sample included paraplegic patients 6 months following SCI, of both genders above 18 years of age who were active wheelchair users. A demographic sheet, scale of psychological well-being, resilience scale, and multi-dimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS) were used for data collection. SPSS Version 22 was utilized for data analysis & correlation was analyzed using bivariate statistics with p< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study revealed a positive correlation (γ=0.57, p<0.001) between Resilience with Perceived Social Support; Resilience and Psychological well-being (γ=0.55, p<0.001); and Perceived Social Support and Psychological Well-being (γ =0.57, p<0.001). Conclusion: There is a positive relationship between resilience perceived social support and psychological well-being. Keywords: perceived social support; psychological wellbeing; resilience; spinal cord injury
RESULTS OF CALCULATION OF THE EFFECTIVE DOSE FIELD OF IONIZING RADIATION IN THE CENTRAL ROOM OF THE IGR REACTOR
Authors: Mukhamediyev A. K. , Vurim A. D. , Prozorova I. V. , Prozorov A. A.
Published: October 2023

The characteristics of the effective dose field and the dose rate of the ionizing radiation formed in the room of the IGR reactor during its operation at a constant power of 100 MW for 40 seconds have been estimated.

The value of the effective dose and its power in the experimental device has been determined in order to assess the level of the potential radiation load on the small-sized neutron detectors (fission chambers), which are supposed to be used to measure the local values of the fast neutron flux density during the irradiation of the device in the IGR reactor.

To carry out the calculations, the models of the IGR reactor with an upper ceiling, concrete biological protection and two options for loading the central experimental channel of the reactor have been developed. Photon transfer modeling has been performed using the MCNP5 code and the libraries of ENDF/B-5,6 constants, while the characteristics of fission products, 235U decay processes and the processes of formation of gamma-quantum fields were described using the IAEA and JAEA nuclear data libraries.

The validation of the proposed method for calculating the effective dose has been performed based on the results of the direct measurements of the effective dose in the reactor room. The validation results confirm the correctness of the proposed calculation models and techniques, and, accordingly, the admissibility of their application for assessing the radiation situation in the IGR reactor room.

The obtained results will be used in the selection of the locations of secondary equipment for measuring the parameters of the experimental devices.
Impact of Covid -19 Pandemic on Nursing students
Authors: S Muniyandi.
Published: October 2023

This study focuses on understanding the subjective experiences of nursing students during COVID-19 Pandemic, providing the fundamental data of feelings, by nursing students during this pandemic situation. The research design adopted was embedded design. The conceptual framework for this study was based on modified Irvin Rosenstock‘s health belief and personal health behavioral model, 1966. The study has been conducted in selected nursing educational institutes in urban area. Non probability Consecutive sampling technique has been adopted to select the desired sample. The total sample size was 324. The data was collected through open ended and semi structured questionnaire. The data was collected online through Google forms. The collected data were analyzed by using both descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Opinion mining, or sentiment analysis technique used to analyze open ended questions. Our research found that majority of pupils dealt with stress, fear, anxiety, depression and worries related to covid 19 pandemic. Challenges faced by nursing students included maintaining the status of health, showing resistance to illness, dealing with stress, anxiety and depression related to health as well as academic disruption. Coping strategies adopted were watching news channels related to COVID-19, indulging in preventive behaviors such as washing hands, Health education to family members, and engaging in the different form of diversional activities such as prayer, exercise etc. Students also got adapted to online classes. In this study, it is clearly indicated that the Covid-19 pandemic has made a significant impact on the Nursing students’ feelings; it poses various challenges which is dealt by student with various coping strategies.
Análisis de la gestión técnico–económica de ganaderías ovinas de razas autóctonas de las Islas Baleares (España)
Authors: Mena Yolanda , Delgado–Pertiñez Manuel
Published: October 2023

Las Islas Baleares, España, poseen una importante tradición ganadera basada en el uso de razas autóctonas y en el pastoreo. Sin embargo, la intensificación de la producción primaria, la competencia por el territorio generado por el turismo y su baja rentabilidad, hacen que estos sistemas estén a punto de desaparecer, con negativas consecuencias ambientales y sociales. Para poder conservar estos sistemas, es necesario profundizar en el conocimiento del manejo, lo que permitirá mejorar su gestión técnica y económica y establecer estrategias que optimicen su rentabilidad, pero conservando sus beneficios socio–ambientales. Se seleccionaron 10 unidades productivas ovinas de dos razas autóctonas de Mallorca (Mallorquina y Roja Mallorquina) que fueron monitorizadas mensualmente durante 2015, con el objetivo de evaluar la gestión mediante la elaboración de indicadores técnico–económicos. Posteriormente, se realizó una evaluación de las debilidades del manejo, para detectar aspectos clave que ayuden a mejorar la rentabilidad de la actividad. Se observó que estas unidades productivas están poco especializadas y presentan diversos modelos productivos (profesional, recreativo, turístico, agrícola). Todas ellas están orientadas a la producción de corderos, menos una que es mixta, produciendo tres tipos diferentes de corderos según su peso (lechal, recental medio y grande). La autonomía alimentaria de las unidades productivas es alta, sin embargo, poseen poca organización reproductiva y los costes de producción no se cubren por el precio del cordero. Así mismo, solo el 30 % de las unidades productivas genera beneficio empresarial. Como estrategias de mejora se considera importante la mejora de la producción de pastos; la mejora de la planificación reproductiva y de la genética de las razas; el producir corderos de buena conformación de la canal o el crear una marca de calidad que informe al consumidor de los beneficios ambientales de estos sistemas y de la calidad nutritiva–funcional que tienen estos corderos criados en pastoreo.
Transforming education: Perceptions and challenges of technology-enabled teacher education programmes
Authors: AR Saravanakumar  , G.P. Raja  , P. Sivakumar
Published: October 2023

The education landscape is undergoing a significant transformation due to technological advancements and shifting pedagogical paradigms. Technology-enabled teacher education programs are embracing digital tools to enhance pedagogy, provide adaptive learning experiences, foster global connectivity, and promote data-driven decision-making. These programs prepare educators for 21st-century classrooms, equipping them with the skills needed for 21st-century classrooms. However, concerns about overreliance on technology persist, emphasizing the importance of striking a balance between digital tools and traditional teaching methods. Unequal access to technology and the digital divide poses significant challenges, necessitating infrastructure development and equitable access initiatives. Ensuring technological literacy among educators and students is crucial, as these programs demand a certain level of digital proficiency. Balancing theory with practice in these programs is essential for their continued success. Understanding learner perceptions and addressing challenges is key in shaping the evolution of teacher education programs that effectively prepare educators for the dynamic demands of modern classrooms. Balancing theory and practice are essential for the success of these programs.
Il ruolo del pediatra nella prevenzione del suicidio in adolescenza
Authors: Davico Chiara , Di Franco Francesca , Lonardelli Elena , Bondone Claudia , Vitiello Benedetto
Published: October 2023

Suicide is the second leading cause of death in Italy in young people between the ages of 15 and 29. Mental health problems are increasing among children and adolescents. Very often paediatricians have to manage young patients with psychiatric problems who express their psychopathology in new ways and they may feel unprepared in this respect. This article describes the phenomenon of suicide and suicidality in adolescence with particular attention to risk and protective factors. Approaches to suicide prevention are reviewed focusing on the role that the paediatrician can play in the chain of prevention (e.g. by educating the family to be attentive to possible mental health problems, reducing stigma of mental illness and identifying youth at high risk with timely referral to specialised services for further evaluation and treatment). Indeed, the scientific literature suggests that talking to adolescents about suicide in a health assessment context does not increase the risk of suicide but, in contrast, can be protective as it allows young people to verbalize and share their sufferings thus facilitating their access to appropriate help.
Expansion of an established fishery-independent survey into the US Virgin Islands' upper mesophotic zone: feasibility and management implications
Authors: Grove Laura Jay W , Blondeau Jeremiah , Swanson Dione W , Heidmann Sarah L , Smith Steven G , Johnson Matthew W , Brandtneris Viktor W , Sagarese Skyler R , Smith Tyler B
Published: October 2023

A three-year pilot study, the Deep Coral Reef Monitoring Program (DCRMP), expanded the National Coral Reef Monitoring Program's (NCRMP) established fishery-independent, diver-based reef fish visual survey to upper mesophotic reefs (>30 to 50 m) in the United States Caribbean for
the first time. The new DCRMP sample domain (>30 to 50 m) encompassed 2.4 times more survey area than NCRMP (0 to ≤30 m) and collected high quality data (CV <20%) on coral reef fishes [three survey years, 29 (5) species; mean (standard deviation)]. For the four representative, fishery-targeted,
analysis species selected (i. e., grouper, snapper, triggerfish, and parrotfish), domain-wide density and length comparisons between surveys showed similar or statistically higher abundances and larger lengths for fishes at deeper depths (>30 to 50 m). These results highlight the importance
of surveying the entire insular shelf in St. Thomas and St. John, US Virgin Islands for fisheries management applications. Furthermore, the DCRMP survey leveraged NCRMP's methods and resources resulting in a seamless extension to deeper waters. However, if these programs were fully integrated
and optimized within a single survey design, approximately half the sites would be needed to achieve the same level of precision, offering substantial time and cost savings. The principles of probabilistic sampling successfully used in the present fishery-independent survey design (0 to 50
m) can be applied more broadly to develop an "ideal" large-scale, multi-gear survey from 0 to about 500 m to encompass the entire depth ranges of managed species in the US Caribbean.
Pages of history of the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (Paris) in medal art
Authors:   Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics, NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine), Barshteyn Victor , Blume Yaroslav ,   Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics, NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine)
Published: October 2023

The article briefly covers the pages of the history of the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (Paris, France), which was established in 1793, inheriting the material base and collections of one of the oldest botanical gardens in the world—the Royal Garden of Medicinal Plants. Contribution to the development of the Royal Garden of Medicinal Plants was made by its leaders and employees: Guy de La Brosse, Guy Crescent Fagon, Joseph Pitton de Tournefort, Pierre Chirac, the family of French botanists de Jussieu, Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, and Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre. After its foundation, the museum was managed, among others, by Louis Jean-Marie D’Aubenton, Bernard Germain Étienne de Laville-sur-Illon, comte de Lacépède, George-Léopold-Chrétien-Frédéric-Dagobert Cuvier, Michel Eugène Chevreul, Adolphe Théodore Brongniart, André Marie Constant Duméril, Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Alphonse Milne-Edwards, Jean Octave Edmond Perrier, Achille Joseph Urbain, Maurice Alfred Fontaine, and Jean Dorst. The heyday of the scientific activity of the Museum was during the long years of leadership of Michel Eugène Chevrel. Table medals of France and the USA, researched and described by the authors of the article, were created to honour these famous scientists. Attention is also drawn to modern tourist medals (tokens) dedicated to the Museum’s facilities: the Garden of the Plants, the Great Evolution Gallery, the Palaeontological Museum (Galleries of Comparative Anatomy and Palaeontology), the Botanical Garden Zoo, and the Vincennes Zoo. The results of the analysis of the medals made it possible to display in a new plane the most vivid pages of the history of the Museum, the function of which is teaching, research, and dissemination of natural science knowledge, its modernity, biographies of outstanding personalities who worked in it. Most of the medals were first introduced into scientific biological circulation. The obtained information once again confirmed the possibility of using objects that are studied by special historical disciplines (in this case, the section of numismatics, medal art) for the study of the history of science.
Neoichnology of vertebrate traces along the western barrier coast of Ukraine: preservation potential and subsurface visualization
Authors:   Temple University (Philadelphia, USA), Buynevich Ilya
Published: October 2023

A diverse quite of vertebrate traces covers beach, aeolian, and bay-side (deflation flats) surfaces along the NW Black Sea coast of Ukraine. These include avian, ungulate, and canid footprints, as well as mammal burrows (length >5 cm; depth ~2 cm). The preservation of biogenic structures is enhanced by rapid burial (low-energy sedimentation or event deposition), algal mat formation, and salt encrustation. Continuous high-frequency (800 MHz) ground-penetrating radar (GPR) imaging aided in visualizing subsurface sections of an active burrow complex within a beach-dune ridge. Images near an active fox burrow captured distinct subsurface anomalies (point-source hyperbolic diffractions) in the upper aeolian section above the water table. Unfilled tunnel sections are easily distinguished from buried roots and other targets based on signal velocity and polarity reversals relative to air-to-sediment response at the ground surface. The diffraction geometry (angle) is related to signal velocity, providing valuable information about relative saturation of the overlying substrate. Decimeter-scale deformation of shallow reflections may be attributed to tracking surfaces, with similar examples found immediately below modern surfaces affected by anthropogenic trampling. It is likely that muddy lagoonal tracking surfaces may be preserved under layers of sand (overwash or aeolian deposition) and, following saltwater expulsion, may be recognized in geophysical images as clear deformed paleo-surfaces. Heavy-mineral concentrations (e.g. magnetite-rich sand) are common for beach and dune horizons that have undergone reworking and such anomalies often accentuate physical and biogenic deformation structures. Due to moderate-to-high fraction of ferri- and paramagnetic minerals, these anomalies are also well-expressed in GPR images due to its electromagnetic signal response. A conceptual framework of trace preservation potential (taphonomy) and geophysical recognition (GPR) suitability is proposed for this coastal region, with implications to paleo-environmental reconstruction.
Mathematical reasoning of age determination of Quaternary sediments
Authors:   Institute of Geological Sciences, NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine), Prylypko Sergiy , Alpert Sofiia ,   Institute of Geological Sciences, NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine)
Published: October 2023

The possibilities of applying the thermoluminescence method (TL-method) to investigate Quaternary sediments have been considered. The TL-method is used for dating in archaeology and geology. It was noted that this method covers larger age intervals than carbon dating. The TL-method is based on the measurement of the decay energy of natural radionuclides that are present in the rock. Therefore, the TL-method can be applied to the development of methodical and methodological issues of geochronology. Geochronological methods make it possible to date Quaternary sediments with a laboratory error of about five percent. Thus, it can be considered that the practical application of the thermoluminescence method for Quaternary sediments is highly important. This method provides a more detailed and accurate display of geochronological events. A new mathematical approach of age determination of Quaternary sediments applying the TL-method has been proposed. This new method can be applied for determination of the age of sediments and for conducting correlations between Neopleistocene sediments of remote regions. It has been noted that the TL-method of determination of the ‘absolute’ and relative age of Quaternary sediments is based on the properties of quartz crystals to accumulate energy of decay and to emit it during heating. It also was noted that quartz crystals as paleodosimeters can accumulate and preserve the age-related information for a long period of time. Quartz is the most common natural paleodosimeter. A mathematical formula for the age parameter has been proposed, using the energy that was accumulated by the investigated sample over time, the velocity of the formation of radiation defects, and the velocity of annihilation. The mathematical derivation of the formula for the age parameter is presented. The solution of the differential equation is described in detail. The proposed approach shows which sediments of an area are younger and which are older. It is emphasized that the proposed mathematical approach to the TL-method is effective for age determination of rocks, determining the sequence of the rock accumulation and for conducting correlation of different Quaternary sediments from different sections.
Climatic limits for the present European distribution of the common hornbeam (Carpinus betulus), with special reference to Ukraine
Authors:   I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine), Tytar Volodymyr
Published: October 2023

In this study, we used a comprehensive approach to detect the importance of diverse climatic parameters in controling the distribution of a forest tree species, exemplified by the common hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.). Special reference has been made to Ukraine from where digitized data on the species is relatively scarce. In Ukraine, populations of the common hornbeam are found at the edge of its geographic range, primarily in forest-steppe ecotones, which are exposed to extreme climate with water shortages during the growing season and low temperatures in winter. Usually forests in these ecotones are highly fragmented and, in addition to climate impact, are heavily subjected to land use. Currently, in the east of the country, C. betulus is only very locally distributed, but it has been assumed that in the past there were several areas suitable for the persistence of the species. The main objectives of the present study were to model the European-wide ecological niche of the common hornbeam and investigate primary climatic factors that control the potential distribution of this tree in Ukraine. Using an ecological niche modelling approach, we consider to have reliably modeled the European-wide bioclimatic niche of the common hornbeam for predicting the response of species’ geographical distribution to climate. Most contributing to the model were the mean monthly PET (potential evapotranspiration) of the coldest quarter, continentality, and annual PET. In terms of the ‘Most Limiting Factor,’ in Ukraine, continentality is crucial throughout the majority of the country (78%). Because the distribution of any species depends on variables related to climate, it is likely that the species could rapidly respond to climatic change. In this respect, the common hornbeam is no exception, as exemplified by the history of the species in Eastern Europe. Limiting factors and thresholds (particularly of PET indices) are bound to shift together with global climate change and bring in changes to the pattern of the common hornbeam distribution, especially at edges of its geographic range.
La opresión de la vergüenza: el Rostro entendido por Levinas en Si esto es un hombre de Primo Levi
Authors: Hamui Sutton Silvia
Published: October 2023

Es indudable que uno de los acontecimientos más crueles e incomprensibles de la humanidad ha sido la Shoa, ya que nos hace reflexionar en torno a la gran incertidumbre del ser humano que radica en el problema del mal y del sufrimiento del Otro. Al constatar los testimonios de Primo Levi en Si esto es un hombre observamos la crudeza y la brutalidad hasta el sinsentido. Así, el objetivo de este trabajo es plantear una aproximación más acerca de los comportamientos y actitudes del ser humano utilizando algunos conceptos de Emmanuel Levinas. A partir de algunos fragmentos de los testimonios de Levi, se percibe la paradoja planteada por el filósofo en torno al Otro, es decir, cómo el autor-protagonista enfrenta una revelación de sí mismo al considerar la responsabilidad del Yo frente a su prójimo. Los textos de Levi, por tanto, explican al ser desde una mirada alternativa, en la que, siguiendo a Levinas, es necesaria la proximidad o el acontecimiento de las relaciones humanas cara-a-cara para percibir la epifanía del Infinito. De esta manera, se abordarán algunas formas de intersubjetividad interpretadas bajo la mirada del Rostro.
Propuestas para el análisis y comparación de tipos, tradiciones y estilos cerámicos del Norte Grande de Chile a partir de sus aspectos visibles y ocultos
Authors: Erazo Gutiérrez Fernanda
Published: October 2023

Se propone un modelo de análisis cerámico que busca reconstruir tradiciones y estilos mediante la comparación de aspectos visibles y ocultos de los tipos cerámicos. Ello asume que cada vasija tiene un grupo de aspectos altamente visibles que destacan a simple vista (formas, tratamientos de superficie, decoraciones); y un grupo de aspectos poco visibles u ocultos que se infieren (pastas, técnicas de manufactura, cocción). Los aspectos visibles pueden constituirse como indicadores de ciertas fronteras regionales o locales, mientras que los aspectos ocultos pueden representar comunidades de alfareros que comparten cierta identidad técnica. Esta perspectiva se basa en gran medida en enfoques centrados en la cadena operativa y estilos tecnológicos, y podría aportar al estudio de la interacción entre grupos de diferentes localidades. Se plantea que sería adecuada para la arqueología del Norte Grande, considerando la buena conservación del material y el previo desarrollo de secuencias tipológicas en sus diferentes áreas.
PENGARUH EDUKASI MANAJEMEN STRES TERHADAP KESEHATAN MENTAL REMAJA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE DI MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Siti Khadijah  , Devi Indriastuti
Published: October 2023

Stres yang mencul selama masa pandemi COVID-19 berupa rasa takut dan cemas mengenai kesehatan diri, kesehatan orang terdekatnya, pola tidur / pola makan berubah, sulit berkonsentrasi. Kondisi psikologis para remaja yang umumnya masih rentan dan mudah terganggu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh edukasi manajemen stres terhadap kesehatan mental remaja dalam proses pembelajaran online di masa pandemic. Metode Penelitian quasi eksperiment dengan rancangan pre test-pos ttest with control grup design. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan ¬purposive sampling total 66 responden, masing-masing kelompok 33 responden, Uji Analisa data dependen t-Test (Paired t-tes), uji Wilcoxon. Hasil : Penelitian ini menunjukan penurunan masalah kesehatan mental secara bermakna dengan p=0.000 <0,05. pada kelompok edukasi manajemen stres dibandingkan kelompok tanpa edukasi manajemen stres dengan selisih 5,46 poin. Kesimpulan: Ada pengaruh edukasi manajemen stres terhadap kesehatan mental remaja dalam proses pembelajaran online di masa pandemi.