bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POTENSI BAKTERI ANTAGONIS DALAM MENEKAN PERKEMBANGAN PENYAKIT LAYU BAKTERI JAHE
Authors: MULYA KARDEN , SUPRIADI SUPRIADI , ADHI ESTHER M. , RAHAYU SRI , KARYANI NURI
Published: July 2020

Potency of antagonist bacteria in inhibiting the bacterial wilt disease progress ginger

Bacterial wilt disease caused by Pseudomonas solanacearum is an important disease in ginger plant (Zingiber oicinale Rose.) in Indonesia. The objective of this research was to study the effectiveness of biological agents in inhibiting the progess of bacterial wilt on ginger. The research was conducted at the geenhouse of Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops in 1997-1998 then was followed with a ield experiment at Sukamulya Experimental Garden in 1998/1999. At the greenhouse experiment seven kinds of antagonists bacteria were formulated either individually or combination. Pseudomonas fluorescens (PF), P. cepacia (PC) and Bacillus sp. (BC), mixtue of PF + PC, mixtue of PC + BC, mixture of PF + BC, and mixtue of PF + PC + BC were tested in the geenhouse on ginger plant cultivars putih besar grown in the pot containing soil formerly used for growing P. solanacearum infected tomato. I he results of this experiment indicated that the combination of PF+PC+BC significantly suppressed the progress of bacterial wilt disease compaed to control and other tested combination. In the ield experiment carried out at the bacterial wilt disease endemic area the combinations of PF+PC+BC, Trichoderma harzianum (Bit-1) and combination of PF+PC+BC+BII-I were tested with two levels of application, i.e. two applications with two months interval and 4 application with one month interval. The results showed that the application of antagonists bacteria inhibited Ihe bacterial wilt disease progress and signiicantly increased ginger rhizome yield. The yield of the rhizome from the plants teated with different intervals were not different. However, the application of the antagonist bacteria were not able to eradicate ginger infection by Pseudomonas solanacearum thoroughly.
STATUS LOGAM BERAT KADMIUM DAN HASIL RIMPANG TEMUIRENG (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.) PADA BEBERAPA DOSIS PEMUPUKAN FOSFAT
Authors: RAHARDJO MONO , SMD ROSITA , DARWATI I.
Published: July 2020

Status of cadmium and rhizome yield l/temuireng (Cur¬ cuma aeruginosa Roxb.) at by d fferent dosages phos¬ phatefertilizer

Cadmium is a heavy metal which is for human being. The concentration of Cd in the soil will increase if phosphate fertilizer is applied, because Cd is available in the sediment rock of phosphate as a raw material for phosphate fertilizer. Recently it is said that simplicia of medicinal crops originated from Asia is contaminated with heavy metals. That contamination mainly derives from Ihe environmental growth. Theefore, the research on the status of Cd in rhizomes Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. due phosphate fertilizer is essential to be conducted. The experiment was conducted in the experimental garden of Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops from August 1997 - June 1998. The experiment used polybags which were illed with 25 kg Bogor dry latosol soil mixed with I kg of rice husk and 2 kg cattle manue It used randomized block design (RBD) with four replications and ive samples each treatment. The treatments were (I) no NPK; and 8 dosages of TSP, (2)0; (3)2.5; (4)5; (5)7.5; (6)10.0; (7)12.5; (8)15.0; and (9)20.0g/ polybag respectively. Each TSP treatments was added with 1 5 g uea and 19 g KCI/ polybag. The plant wee harvested at 8.5 month after planting. The results of experiments showed that application of2.5; 5; 7.5; 10; 12.5; 15; and 20 g/polybag of TSP increased dry weight of simplicia from 24.3- 40%. The content of Cd in rhizomes, produced by plant with 5 up to 20 g TSP fertilizer was 1.181 - 2.756 ppm. The Cd content was higher than tolerance limited value as determined by laws of heavy metal in Japan (I ppm) and WHO (0.24 ppm). While fertilizer teatments of 0 and 2.5 g TSP produced rhizomes with Cd content 0.630 - 0.945 ppm, and it is still under tolerance limited value by Japan, but, higher than WHO laws. Due to high Cd content in rhizomes (1.181 - 2.756 ppm), those simplicia can not be used as row material for medicine.
PENGARUH PEMANGKASAN TANAMAN LADA DAN TAJARNYA TERHADAP HASIL
Authors: DARAS USMAN , WAHID PASRIL
Published: July 2020

The effect of living post and pepper vines primings on the pepper yield

To obtain good yield of pepper, farmers fequently apply various treatments to their crops, including pruning of the pepper vines and or their living post. Studies on the aspects of the pruning ae however very limited. Therefore a ield experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of pruning of pepper vines and their living post on the pepper yield. The experiment was carried out at Sukamulya Research Station, Sukabumi. A split plot design with three rcplicaties was used. The main plot was the pruning of living post, and the sub plot was the pruning of pepper vines Plot size was 20 plants per plol wilh spacing of 2.5 m x 2.5 m Results showed that there was signiicant interaction between the pruning of living post and pepper vines. The pruning of living post may be carried out either 3 times (October, January and April) or twice (October and January) a year. However. If the pruning of the living post is carried out 3 times per year, Ihe vine would be pruned once a year or not at all. On the other hand, if the pruning of living post is carried out twice a year, the pepper vines would be pruned 6 times a year.
BIOLOGI Ooencyrtus malayensis Ferr. PARASITOID TELUR Dasynus piperis China, PADA INANG ALTERNATIF Nezara viridula L.
Authors: ALWI ASNIMAR , SOETOPO DECIYANTO
Published: July 2020

Biology of egg parasitoid ('Ooencyrtus malayensis Ferr.) ofpepper bug on alternate egg host (Nezara viridula L)

Pepper bug (Dasynus piperis China) is an important pest of pepper. The pest widely spread in most pepper plantations of Indonesia. The level of the pest attack varied depended on crop cultivation treatment. Ooencyrtus malayensis is one of natural enemies which is able to control the population of pepper bug in plantation. The objective of this research was to study some aspects of the egg parasitoid biology by using eggs of Nezara viridula as the alternate host. This research was designed in a completely randomized block with four replicates. Dasynus piperis was collected from Bangka island and reared in Laboratory of the Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops (RISMC ). Nezara viridula was fed with cowpea bean. This reascarch was conducted from July 1998 to February 1999. Experiment was divided into seven steps such as oviposition. pre adult period, production of parasitoid per host egg. egg preference, infestation period effect of cold storage (4°C) and parasitoid population. Research results showed that there were 85.5 parasitoid produced during its life time. Pre adult period lasted from 12 to 16 days, alternate host produced 3 parasitoids. The parasitoid pefeed the host of 0-2 days old. The eggs could be stored for 25 days in a efrigenerator (4°C). The longer the infestation and the larger number of parsitoid infested the larger numbers of parasitoid produced.
PENGARUH KOMPOSISI PUPUK KS, ZA, DAN UREA, SERTA DOSIS N TERHADAP MUTU TEMBAKAU BESUKI NO
Authors: SHOLEH MOCHAMMAD , RACHMAN ABDUL , MACHFUDZ MACHFUDZ
Published: July 2020

Effect of KS, AS, and urea Compositions and N-dosages on quality of Besuki cigar tobacco

The experiment was conducted on loamy soil at Ajung, Jember from June 1999 to March 2000. The objective was to study the effect of Kalk Salpetcr (KS), ammonium sulphates (AS), and urea compositions and N-dosages on quality of Besuki cigar tobacco. The treatment consisted of two factors i.e. fertilizer composition and N dosages. The first factor was 5 levels of fertilizer composition, i.e. KS; KS(50%)+AS (50%); AS; KS(50%)+urea (50%) and uea. The second factor was 3 level of N-dosages, i.e. 60, 90 and 120 kg N/ha. The treatments were arranged in factorially randomized block design with 3 replications. Planting space was double row (100+70) cm x 40 cm wiUi a population of 168 plants per plot. Results showed thai AS or urea as side dressing fertilizer was not significantly different from KS fertilizer on the percentage of warpper (dekblad) and binder (omblad) quality, leaf thickness, and burning capacity. But especially on organolcptic AS or urea as side dressing fertilizer decreased organoleptic quality, i.e. the taste was bitter and irritating, less aromatic, bad smell, ash color changed from white to black, and decreased ash resistance. All of those characteristics were not desirable in cigar factory. Based on organolcptic quality we suggest the following : (I) AS and urea should be used as a starter only not as side dressing fertilizer, (2) KS fertilizer still perform Ihe best result (3) recommended N-dosage was 60 kg N/ha.
PENGARUH DIAMETER PIRINGAN DAN ELASTISITAS KARET PENGUPAS TERHADAP KINERJA ALAT PENGUPAS LADA TIPE PIRINGAN
Authors: HIDAYAT TATANG , RISFAHERI RISFAHERI
Published: July 2020

To produce while pepper using traditional method, the ripe berries are soaked in a river or a pond for 10-14 days prior to decorticating. To improve the traditional method. Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops has designed pepper decorticator to support the white pepper processing. This decorticator has a good function, hut its performance still need to be improved, as it still produces high percentage of white pepper damage. This experiment was aimed to at improving (he performance of the pepper decorticator. The experiment was conducted from July to Ocktobcr 1999 and divided into two steps i.e. preliminary and main experiment. The treatments applied on Ihe main experiment were (I) disc diameter (18, 20, and 22 cm) and (2) rubber elasticity (5.34, 7.74, 9.79, and 15.02 N/mm). The experiment was designed as a completely randomized, arranged factorially in three replications. The pepper variety used for the experiment was Lampung Daun Lebar. The disc distance of pepper decorticator in this experiment was set at 3.5 cm based on the preliminary experiment. Results showed that the optimal disc diameter and nibber elasticity was 20 cm and 7.74 N/mm respectively. Decorticator performance on the optimal condition were : decorticated pepper 97.25%, white pepper damage as pepper defect 2.46% and as broken pepper 1.98% respectively and the capacity of decorticator was 42.27 kg/hours. In general, the quality of while pepper produced met the National Standard of Indonesia.
PENGGUNAAN MINYAK SOLAR DAN SINAR SURYA PADA PENGOVENAN TEMBAKAU VIRGINIA
Authors: TIRTOSASTRO SAMSURI , HASTOMO ABI DWI , SOEBANDI SOEBANDI , DARMONO DARMONO
Published: July 2020

The use of diesel-oil and solar energy as an alternative energyfor Virginia tobacco curing

The use of diesel oil and solar energy in the curing on Virginia tobacco was studied in two steps, i.e., the laboratory experiment al Ihe Research Institute for Tobacco and fiber Crop Malang and ield experiment (economic scale) in East Lombok, NIB. The study was conducted from July to September 1998. The laboratory experiment was aimed at evaluating the effect of diesel oil on (he aroma of cured leaves. Results showed that there was no Strange aroma of Ihe cured-leaves, as the effect of diesel-oil burning Ihe experiment using economic scale curing-bani indicated that the diesel-oil consumption was 0 76 l/kg krosok and if flat-plate solar collector was constructed as a roof, consumption decreased 7.84% which was equal with 0.06 l/kg krosok or 2.574 kJ/kg krosok. Economic analyses showed that using diesel-oil and flat-plate solar collector as a energy source gave a proit chance and an ability to pay the 18%/year of the capital interest, with B/C ratio -1.74, NPV=Rp 45 340 131, and IRR-52 93%. If only diesel-oil was used, it gave a lower proit with B/C ratio=l.77, NPV=Rp 46 425 215. and IRR=53.19%. The increase in the diesel-oil price up to Rp I 500/1 would give a profit chance and an ability lo pay the capital interest, with the B/C ratio = 1.487 and 1 .490. with IRR = 52.67% dan 52 99%, for curing the tobacco leaves with diesel-oil and solar collector, and with diesel-oil only, respectively.
KONSERVASI TANAMAN LADA (Piper nigrum L.) SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: YELNITITIS YELNITITIS , BERMAWIE NURLIANI
Published: July 2020

In vitro conservation of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.)

Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is one of the economically im¬ potant spices. The major constraint in black pepper cultivation and conservation in ield is foot rot disease caused by Phytopthora capsici which could cause plants die. Conservation of black pepper germplasms as living collections in ield is risky due to pests and natural disaster. The experiment on in vitro cop ervation of black pepper var. LDL was conducted al the laboratory of Plant Genetic Resources and Breeding, Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops (RISMC) Bogor from April 1998 to Maret 1999. Single node cuttings from sterile culture were used as explains. The explains were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium on full and half strength concentration supplemented with paclobutrazol (paclo) (0, 1, 3 and 5 mg/1). The experiment was performed in a randomized complete block design arranged factorially with 10 replications. The result showed that the medium supplemented with paclo on both full MS and MS A medium could suppress vegetative growth until 12 months. There was no signiicant interaction between medium and paclo on shoot initiation. The effect was signiicant on shoot height, number of leaves and culture performances. Increasing paclo concen¬ tration caused higher suppression of plant growth. MS A medium supplemented with paclo 5 mg/1 showed the slowest growth with shool height 2.10 cm and number of leaves 9. Culture performance was fresh, with green leaves and vigorous. Advcntive shoots were able to regenerate on the medium supplemented with BA 0.3 mg/1. In vitro conservation of black pepper with paclo did not change plant regeneration ability. Therefore, this technique may be used as an altenative method for black pepper conservation.
PENGARUH WAKTU TANAM SORGUM PADA SISTEM TUMPANGSARI TEMBAKAU TERHADAP SIFAT AGRONOMIS DAN KIMIAWI TEMBAKAU
Authors: RACHMAN ABDUL
Published: July 2020

Percobaan lapang telah dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Pekuwon, Bojonegoro, 1992, untuk mcmpelajai sifat-sifat agronomis dan kimiawi tembakau pada berbagai waktu tanam sorgum pada sistem tumpangsai tembakau + sorgum. Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan enam ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dai 5 taraf waktu tanam sorgum yaitu 4 dan 2 minggu sebelum tanam tembakau, bersamaan dengan waktu tanam tembakau, 2 dan 4 minggu setelah tanam tembakau. Ukuran petak 10.8 m x 12.0 m. dengan 240 tanaman tembakau per petak dan 720 tanaman sorgum per petak. Analisis N, P, K, nikotin, dan gula beturut- turut dengan Kyeldhal, Spektrofotometi, Flamefotometi, Titrasi dengan NaOH dan Luff-Schroll. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa dengan mempcrcepat waktu tanam sorgum dari 4 minggu setelah tanam tembakau menjadi 4 minggu sebelum tanam tembakau sangat menurunkan pertumbuhan, hasil dan mutu. Scbaliknya perlakuan tersebut meningkat¬ kan kadar N-total, P, dan K, dan hasil sorgum tumpangsai, serta tidak berpengaruh pada kadar nikotin, gula, nisbah/nikotin, dan N/nikotin tembakau. Pada keadaan kering yang dialami oleh percobaan ini walaupun hasil tembakau rendah namun mutu hasil masih dalam kisaran yang baik dan persaingan dikuasai oleh tanaman sorgum.

Kata kunci: Nicotiana tabacum, sorgum bicolor, tumpangsai, waktu tanam

 

ABSTRACT

Agronomics and chemicals properties of tobacco under different planting dates ofsorghum in tobacco -Horghum intercropping system

The ield expeiment was conducted at Pekuwon Expeimental Station, Bojonegoro, in 1992, to study the agronomic and chemical propeties of tobacco grown under diferent planting dates of sorghum in tobacco+sorghum intercropping system. The expeiment was arranged in randomized block design, with 6 replications. The treatment consisted of 5 levels of sorghum planting, 2 and 4 weeks ater tobacco planting. Plot size was 10.8 m x 12.0 m, with 240 and 720 plants of tobacco and sorghum respectively. The methods for analyses N, P, K, nicotine and sugar analyses were Kyeldhal, Spectrophotometry, Flame photometry, Titration with NaOH, and Luf-Schroll, respectively. The growth, yield, and quality of tobacco were decreased sharply, but the N, P, K contents of the leaves were increased by accelerating planting date of sorghum from 4 weeks ater to 4 weeks before tobacco planting. The content of nicotine, sugar, sugar/nicotine. N/nicotine of the leaves were not afected by this treatment. In dry condition, although the yield of tobacco was low, but the quality was in good category, and the competition in tobacco ♦ sorghum intercropping system was dominated by sorghum.

Key words : Nicotiana tabacum, sorghum bicolor, intercropping, planting date
PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN KACANG TANAH (Arachis hipogea) DAN SENGON (Paraserianthes falcataria) DI ANTARA TANAMAN KELAPA DI SUKABUMI JAWA BARAT
Authors: SUPRIADI HANDI , LUNTUNGAN H. T.
Published: July 2020

Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai dengan Desember 2001 di Desa Caringinnunggal, Kecamatan Waluran, Kabupaten Sukabumi, yang bcrada pada kelinggian 250 m di atas permukaan laut, tipe iklim B2 (Oldeman) dan jenis tanahnya Podsolik Merah Kuning. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan empat ulangan. Perlakuan model polatanam kelapa yang diuji sebagai berikut (1) kelapa + sengon 140 pohon/ha ♦ kacang tanah, (2) kelapa + sengon 280 pohon/ha + kacang tanah, (3) kelapa + sengon 420 pohon/ha ♦ kacang tanah, (4) kelapa + sengon 560 pohon/ha + kacang tanah, (5) kelapa + sengon 700 pohon/ha + kacang tanah dan (6) kelapa monokultur. 'Tujuan dai penelitian ini untuk mcngciahui pertumbuhan dan produksi dari beberapa model polatanam kelapa dengan tanaman sela kacang tanah dan sengon. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap parameter agronomi meliputi data petumbuhan kacang tanah, sengon dan kelapa seta data produksi kacang tanah. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan sidik ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan produktivitas kacang tanah pada polatanam kelapa * sengon 700 pohon/ha + kacang tanah prospektif dengan hasil mencapai 2 183 kg/ha dengan tinggi tanaman 30.25 cm dan polong isi sebanyak 9.65 buah. Sedang untuk tanaman sengon tingginya telah mencapai 312.3 cm dengan diameter 10.57 cm. Adanya tanaman sela diantara kelapa tidak menurunkan pembentukan jumlah daun, jumlah bunga betina dan jumlah tandan tanaman kelapa.

Kata kunci: Cocos nucifera, Paraserianthes falcataria, Arachis hipogea, polatanam

 

ABSTRACT

Growth and producion of peanut and albizia between coconut palms in Sukabumi, West Java

The study was conducted from January to December 2001 at Caringinnunggal, Sukabumi 250 m above sea level with type of climate Bj according to Oldeman and soil type Red Yellow Podsolic. The expeiment was designed as a randomized block in 4 replicates. The cropping system models consisted of : (1) Coconut + albizia 140 trees/ha ♦ peanut (2) Coconut + albizia 280 trees/ha ♦ peanut. (3) Coconut + albizia 420 trees/ha + peanut, (4) Coconut + albizia 560 trees/ha + peanut, (5) Coconut + albizia 700 trees/ha + peanut and (6) Coconut as a control The purpose of this experiment was to know the growth and productivity of several fanning systems with intercrops in between coconut. The results of the research showed that the peanut production in the cropping system of coconut + albizia 700 trees/ha + peanut reached 2 183 kg/ha, peanut plant height 30.25 cm, mature pods 9.65/plant. While Ihe height of albizia plant reached 3)2.3 cm, stem diameter 10.57 cm. The intercrops planted in between the coconut palms did not reduce the number of leaves, the number of female flowers, and (he number of bunches.

Key words : Cocos nucifera, Paraserianthes falcataria. Arachis hipogea, cropping system, production
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEBERHASILAN USAHATANI JAMBU METE DI SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: INDRAWANTO CHANDRA , WULANDARI SUCI , WAHYUDI AGUS
Published: July 2020

Metode AHP (analytical hierarchy process) digunakan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan usahatani jambu mete. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara secara mendalam dengan para ahli mete dan melalui wawancara terstruktur dengan petani jambu mete di empat desa dalam dua kecamatan di Kabupaten Kendari dan di empat desa dalam dua kecamatan di Kabupaten Buton, Sulawesi Tenggara yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2002. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ada 12 faktor penentu yaitu modal, tenaga kerja, sarana produksi, lahan, teknologi, managerial, lembaga pemasaran, transportasi, informasi pemasaran, kelompok tani, penyuluh dan lembaga keuangan. Empat faktor, yaitu tenaga kerja, sarana produksi, lembaga pemasaran dan transportasi bcrada dalam kondisi dapat diterima. Tiga faktor yaitu modal, lahan dan kelompok tani bcrada dalam kondisi sangat buruk, sedangkan lima faktor lainnya berada dalam kondisi buruk. Dilihat dari nilai kcpentingannya, tiga faktor yaitu modal yang kondisinya sangat buruk, teknologi dan informasi pemasaran yang kondisinya buruk, memiliki tingkat kepentingan yang tinggi. Ha] ini menunjukkan pioritas pembenahan usahatani jambu mete harus diarahkan pada ketiga faktor tersebut.

Kata kunci: Anacardium occidentale L, usahatani, faktor penentu

 

ABSTRACT

Analysis of determinant factors in cashew farming performance in Southeast Sulawesi

Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method was applied to analyze determinant factors in cashew farming performance. Data were collected through indepth interview with cashew experts and through structured interview with cashew farmers in four villages in two districts in Kendari Regency and in four villages in two districts in Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi in May 2002. The results showed that there were 12 determinant factors, i.e. the availability of capital, labour, input production, land condition, technology, managerial, market institution, transportation, market information, farmers institution, farming instructor, and financial institution. Four factors, labour, input production, transportation and market institution are in fair condition. Three factors, capital, land and fanners institution were in very poor condition. And the rest ive factors were in poor condition. The effort to increase the cashew farming performance has to be focused on capital, technology and market information factors which are in poor or very poor conditions and are crucial determinants.

Key words: Anacardium occidentale L, farming, determinant factors
Documentation of Caddo Vessels and Sherds in the Herrington Collection at Tyler Junior College, in Smith County, Texas
Authors: Perttula  , Nelson  , Selden Robert , Walters
Published: July 2020

This report puts on record the collection of ancestral Caddo vessels and sherds held by Tyler Junior College (TJC) in Tyler, Texas. This collection was donated by Al Herrington to TJC in 2012. The vessels and sherds in this collection have been documented following the methods employed by the Friends of Northeast Texas Archaeology and Archeological & Environmental Consultants, LLC on a number of ancestral Caddo ceramic collections from East Texas archaeological sites (e.g., Perttula 2011, 2013, 2014; Perttula and Nelson 2013; Perttula and Thacker 2014; Perttula et al. 2007, 2009a, 2009b, 2010a, 2010b, 2010c, 2012a, 2012b, 2012c, 2013, 2014). The provenance of the Caddo vessels and sherd assemblage is not known with certainty, but (as we discuss in the Summary and Conclusions section of the report) the decorative styles of the vessels and sherds indicate they are from East Texas Caddo sites, most likely from sites in the Neches and Sabine river basins.
Documentation of Ancestral Caddo Ceramic Vessels in the Smith County Historical Museum Collections
Authors: Perttula  , Nelson  , Selden Robert , Walters
Published: July 2020

This report puts on record the collection of 34 ancestral Caddo vessels held by the Smith County Historical Museum (SCHM) in Tyler, Texas. Most of the collection was donated to the SCHM in 2013, but several were also donated in 1985 (Carol Kehl, April 2014 personal communication).

The vessels in this collection have been documented following the methods employed by the Friends of Northeast Texas Archaeology and Archeological & Environmental Consultants, LLC on a number of ancestral Caddo ceramic collections from East Texas archaeological sites (e.g., Perttula 2011, 2013, 2014; Perttula and Nelson 2013; Perttula and Thacker 2014; Perttula et al. 2007, 2009a, 2009b, 2010a, 2010b, 2010c, 2012a, 2012b, 2012c, 2013, 2014). The provenance of the Caddo vessels includes a number of vessels from sites at Lake O’ the Pines in the Big Cypress Creek basin, while the other 10 vessels are believed to have been collected from sites in the upper Neches River basin in Smith County, Texas. We discuss these conclusions in the “Summary and Conclusions” section of the report, relying on the decorative styles and types of the vessels (see Suhm and Jelks 1962) to sort them into the material culture remains known to be associated with different ancestral Caddo cultural groups in East Texas.
Documentation of Caddo Vessels in the Robert L. Turner Collection at Stephen F. Austin State University
Authors: Perttula Timothy , Selden Robert , Walters Mark
Published: July 2020

Perttula and colleagues documented more than 300 ceramic vessels in the Robert L. Turner, Jr. collection from ancestral Caddo burial sites in East Texas, primarily from the Big Cypress Creek basin, but also including vessels from sites in the middle Sabine, lower Sulphur River, and Neches/Angelina River basins. When the Turner collection was donated to Stephen F. Austin State University (SFASU) in 2012, it was noted that some of the vessels in the collection had not been documented by Perttula and colleagues. In the spring of 2014 we had an opportunity to remedy the situation, and with the permission of George Avery of the Anthropology and Archaeology Laboratory at SFASU, we have documented an additional 38 vessels in the Turner collection. These vessels are from the G. W. Rumsey (41CP3), Tuck Carpenter (41CP5), Harold Williams (41CP10), B. J. Horton (41CP20), and Alex Justiss (41TT13) sites in the Big Cypress Creek basin.
Solicitud de registro de marca. Prácticas desleales y mala fe
Authors: Espigares Huete José Carlos
Published: July 2020

La STJCE de 11 de junio de 2009, asunto Lindt, no vincula necesariamente la mala fe del solicitante de la marca a la utilización por un tercero de un signo idéntico o similar para un producto o servicio idéntico o similar que pudiera dar lugar a confusión con el signo cuyo registro se solicita. Tal posicionamiento, así entendido, supondría una interpretación restrictiva de la mala fe en la solicitud del registro de marca que ahora el TJUE ha rechazado explícitamente. El binomio representado por la STJUE de 12 de septiembre de 2019 (asunto c-104/18 P) y la STJUE de 29 enero de 2020 (asunto c-371/2018) aproximan la delimitación del concepto de la mala fe en la solicitud de marca, a nuestro juicio, a una concepción más vinculada a la funcionalidad de la marca y a la garantía de una leal participación en el proceso competitivo (suponga o no ese registro una colisión directa con un signo de un tercero). Pero la interpretación no rígida (no restrictiva) de la mala fe que sugiere el TJUE, y aunque no debiese ser así, corre el riesgo de alterar las reglas de una competencia leal en su aplicación al caso concreto.
EL NUEVO DERECHO MEXICANO DE DAÑOS Y SU JURISPRUDENCIA EN MATERIA DE INDEMNIZACIÓN PUNITIVA Y REPARACIÓN INTEGRAL
Authors: Pampillo Baliño Juan Pablo
Published: July 2020

La responsabilidad civil y el daño moral constituyen dos temas de la mayor actualidad y relevancia. En términos comparativos, México se había quedado rezagado respecto de suevolución en otras latitudes, particularmente respecto de la que tuvo en Inglaterra y en los Estados Unidos de Norteamérica, así como en algunos países de la Unión Europea y Latinoamérica.No obstante, en los últimos cuarenta años, ha presentado una importante evolución, misma que se ha acelerado y profundizado exponencialmente desde la década pasada.
OS IMPACTOS DA DRENAGEM SUPERFICIAL DE ÁGUAS PLUVIAIS NA INFRAESTRUTURA DE TRECHOS DE VIAS DO PERÍMETRO URBANO DO MUNICÍPIO DE SANTARÉM, PARÁ, BRASIL
Authors: Almeida Rodolfo Maduro
Published: July 2020

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de um estudo de caso que investiga a influência da drenagem superficial de águas pluviais na infraestrutura das vias do perímetro urbano do município de Santarém, estado do Pará, Brasil. Assim como muitas cidades brasileiras, Santarém vem sofrendo forte urbanização e crescimento desordenado, com o surgimento de bairros periféricos desprovidos de infraestrutura. Considerável proporção da malha viária urbana do município é carente de infraestrutura de drenagem de águas pluviais, com a prevalência da drenagem superficial, com surgimento de diversos pontos de alagamentos e fortes enxurradas, causando prejuízos e transtornos aos moradores das áreas afetadas, e comprometendo a infraestrutura das vias, com o surgimento de buracos, valas e crateras. A metodologia utiliza um índice de análise hidrológica, denominado Índice Topográfico de Umidade (ITU), que indica áreas propensas a ocorrência de intensos de escoamento superficial. Dados de ocorrência de enxurradas e alagamentos do Sistema Integrado de Informações sobre Desastres do Ministério das Cidades foram utilizados juntamente com o ITU para fazer um zoneamento de áreas propensas a eventos de escoamento superficial das águas pluviais. Este zoneamento foi utilizado para delimitar trechos da malha viária potencialmente impactados. Registros fotográficos desses trechos confirmam o principal resultado dessa pesquisa que é a aplicabilidade do ITU para identificar trechos de malha viária com infraestrutura impactada por consequência da drenagem superficial. A partir destes resultados, como direcionamentos futuros, apontamos o potencial uso desse estudo para planejamento estratégico e zoneamento de infraestrutura de drenagem e manejo de águas pluviais no município.
ANÁLISE DE POSSÍVEL TORNADO NA CIDADE DE TAPEJARA, RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Zanivan Jessica , Pollon Rafaela , Murara Pedro Germano
Published: July 2020

Eventos de origem climática ou meteorológica correspondem a quase 90% dos episódios extremos ocorridos no planeta. Pesquisas apontam que a frequência e intensidade de tais episódios têm aumentado nos últimos anos em decorrência das mudanças climáticas ocasionadas por ação antrópica. Os tornados são episódios extremos de grande relevância devido aos fortes impactos provocados e tem ocorrido com maior frequência nas regiões Sul e Sudeste do Brasil. Neste sentido, o estudo realizado buscou analisar um evento extremo ocorrido em 2014 em Tapejara, um município localizado na região noroeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, popularmente identificado como tornado. Para este estudo, foram utilizados dados meteorológicos das três estações oficiais mais próximas do município, além da análise de imagens de satélite e cartas sinóticas. Foi elaborado também gráfico de análise rítmica que possibilitou identificar a variabilidade dos elementos climáticos no dia do evento, bem como, os sistemas atmosféricos atuantes. Os resultados apontaram para ocorrência de uma frente fria durante o evento em análise e, as velocidades dos ventos na região, não se caracterizam pela ocorrência de um tornado e sim, pela ocorrência de rajadas de ventos que causaram queda de árvores e destelhamento que repercutiram em perdas e prejuízos para o município.
ARTICULAÇÕES DO ESTADO NA GESTÃO DA POLÍTICA DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS
Authors: Silva Lucas Braga da , Gloria Lucivania Pereira
Published: July 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir o processo de implementação da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos a partir de um dos seus instrumentos estruturantes: os planos estaduais de gestão de resíduos sólidos. Assim, a pesquisa considera o contexto de elaboração do Plano Estadual de Resíduos Sólidos do Tocantins. Baseado em pesquisa qualitativa realizada por meio de entrevistas estruturadas por um roteiro com técnicos de agências governamentais ligadas a área ambiental deste estado. Os resultados e análises apontam que durante a elaboração deste plano houve dificuldades para conseguir dados sobre resíduos nos municípios, o que é gerado pela ausência de pessoal capacitado para atuar na área em questão. Outros pontos como a formação dos gestores ambientais, publicidade de dados, integração com agências governamentais e envolvimento do legislativo também foram levantados deficitários. Percebe-se, assim, que a elaboração do plano passou por diversas dificuldades de ordens técnicas e institucionais, que levam a deficiências que devem ser consideradas na implementação do respectivo plano.
Topical administration of tacrolimus and corticosteroids with concentration gradients is effective in preventing immune rejection in high-risk keratoplasty: a 5-year follow-up study
Authors: Qi Xiaolin , Wang Lichao , Zhang Xiaoyu , Liu Min , Gao Hua
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the efficacy of topical administration of immunosuppressants and corticosteroids with concentration gradients in the management of patients with high-risk keratoplasty.METHODS: One hundred and six patients treated with topical immunosuppressants (50 eyes in FK506 group and 56 eyes in CsA group) and corticosteroids eye drops with concentration gradients were enrolled in the study. The rate of rejection episodes and irreversible rejection, the graft survival, and related influential factors were evaluated.RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 48.1±7.9 months (range, 36-60 months). The rate of rejection episodes (P=0.043) and irreversible rejection (P=0.062) was 14.0% and 6.00% in FK506 group, and 37.5% and 7.1% in CsA group, respectively.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated a significantly higher graft survival rate of FK506 group (81.6%±5.3%, 71.1%±6.3%), compared with that of CsA group (71.1%±6.3%, 57.5%±7.5%) at 3, 5 years after surgery (P=0.006). The multivariate logistic regression revealed that poor medication compliance with preoperative risk score (≥ 3, P=0.016), and endothelial immune rejection (P=0.033) were risk factors associated with graft survival.CONCLUSIONS: Topical administration of tacrolimus and corticosteroids with concentration gradients is effective in decreasing the incidence of immune rejection in high-risk keratoplasty. Careful instruction of reasonable use of topical tacrolimus to patients is critical to avoid immune rejection induced by stop taking in sudden.
Maternal dietary diversity and Nutritional adequacy in relation with anthropometric measurements of newborns at birth: a cohort study in Tehran city
Authors: Karimi Tahereh , Zinab Hassan Eini , Moslemi Zeinab , rezazadeh arezoo
Published: July 2020

Background

Maternal dietary intake during pregnancy plays an important role in fetal development and birth outcomes. The aim of the present study was to determine maternal dietary diversity and Nutritional adequacy in relation with anthropometric measurements of newborn at birth as a cohort study in Tehran city.
methods

This prospective cohort study, was conducted by participation of 585 pregnant women referred to public health centers and hospitals covered by Shahid Beheshti, Tehran and Iran Universities in Tehran City. Using face-to-face interviews, general characteristics were obtained by questionnaire. Pre-pregnancy dietary intake was measured by a 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire at the first visit, and dietary intake during pregnancy was measured by 2 non-consecutive 24-hour food recall (one holiday and one regular day) at 31–34 weeks. Maternal height and weight were measured using standard tools and protocol at the first visit, and maternal weight at the end of pregnancy and data related to neonatal anthropometric indices were collected from mothers and neonates health records in the Sib electrical system. By applying SPSS software (version 23) the association was analyzed by linear regression with adjusting for confounding factors. P-value < 0.05 was considered as significant.
Results

Mean ± standard deviation of body mass index (BMI) of pre-pregnancy, pregnancy weight gain, BMI for age z-score (BAZ) at birth of infants were 24.52 ± 4.12, 12.16 ± 6.85 kg and − 0.61 ± 1.48, respectively. Mean ± SD of the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) and Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR) before and during pregnancy were 5.31 ± 1.11, vs.5.23 ± 1.42 and 289.85 ± 113.12 vs. 371.07 ± 197.28, respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors DDS in the third trimester of pregnancy was inversely correlated with WAZ (B=-0.16, 95% CI=- 0.23_0.30) and BAZ (B = -0.24, 95% CI=- 0.06_0. 42) at birth, MAR of pre-pregnancy (B = -0.001, 95% CI=- 0.002_0.00) and in the third trimester of pregnancy (B = -0.18, 95% CI=- 0.35_0.004) were negatively associated with WAZ at birth.
Conclusion

The findings showed that maternal nutritional status (dietary diversity and nutritional adequacy) before and during pregnancy were correlated with neonatal anthropometric indices at birth.
Urinary C-Peptide Secretion(UCPS): Can It be A New Index to Reflect Insulin Sensitivity and A Predictor in Pregnant Women?
Authors: Wei Zhang , An Minmin , Fu Qi , Men Xiaohua , He Yinhui , Yang Tao
Published: July 2020

Background: In order to assess the correlation between pregnant women's urinary C-peptide secretion(UCPS) and insulin sensitivity, and to examine the predictors of gestational diabetes. Methods: we recruited 166 women between 20 and 28 weeks of gestation. Their height and weight were measured to calculate the body mass index (BMI). 75g OGTT was carried out, so as to detect the serum glucose, serum insulin and C-peptide levels. Besides, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), homeostasis model assessment of β cell function (HOMA-β), Matsuda index, and area under the serum C-peptide curve (CPauc) were calculated. Additionally, the fasting urine specimen and all urine samples within 2 hours after OGTT were collected to determine the urinary C-peptide and urine volume to calculate UCPS. Results: We found that Fasting serum insulin (Fins), Fasting serum C-peptide (FCP), BMI, OGTT 2h UCPS(UCPS120), CPauc, Matsuda index and HOMA-IR of GDM group were higher than NGT group. FCP was correlated with UCPS0 (r=0.234, p=0.002) and HOMA-β(r=0.251, p=0.001). UCPS120 was correlated with CPauc(r=0.176 p<0.001), Matsuda index(r=-0.362, p<0.001) and HOMA-IR(r=0.336, p<0.001). The combination of BMI and UCPS120 was better than other index in predicting GDM, with a sensitivity of 72.0% and specificity of 70.7%. Conclusion: UCPS120 had the potential to be a new index to reflect insulin sensitivity in pregnant women. To screening the GDM, the combination of BMI and UCPS120 was better than other index.
Nitrogen Dioxide Exposure During Pregnancy and Risk of Spontaneous Abortion: A Case-control Study in China
Authors: Wang Beiying , Hong Wei , Sheng Qingjing , Wu Zhiping , Li Li , Li Xiao-Cui
Published: July 2020

Background

Evidence on the relationship between prenatal exposure to NO2 and CO and spontaneous abortion (SAB) is insufficient. We investigated whether there is an association between maternal exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) before and during pregnancy and SAB.
Methods

We conducted a case-control study using medical records of 2445 pregnant women who admitted for abortion prior to 20 weeks of gestational age from January 2014 to December 2019 at a tertiary-care hospital in Shanghai, China. Of the 2445 participants, 1075 were SAB cases and 1370 were healthy controls (underwent elective abortions). Maternal exposure to NO2 and CO before and during pregnancy was estimated using daily air pollution concentration data. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to quantify the relationships between maternal exposure to NO2 or CO and the risk of SAB while controlling for potential confounders.
Results

NO2 exposure levels during pregnancy were significantly higher in SAB cases than in healthy controls (42.26 vs 40.67, P < 0.01). NO2 exposure during pregnancy was positively associated with the risk of SAB. An interquartile range (16 µg/m3) increase in NO2 exposure was associated with 67% increase in the odds of SAB (OR = 1.67, 95% CI, 1.28, 2.18). Analyses of associations by quartile of NO2 exposure showed that elevated NO2 exposure during pregnancy was associated with increased odds of SAB in linear dose-response manners. Compared with the lowest quartile of NO2 exposure, the odds of SAB in the fourth quartile of NO2 exposure increased 60% (OR = 1.60, 95% CI, 1.03–2.49). No associations of CO exposure with SAB risk were observed.
Conclusion

Our study suggested that exposure to NO2 during early pregnancy was associated with increased risk of SAB. Further studies are need to confirm our results and explore the potential biological mechanism underlying these associations.
Naturally Occurence Of Wolbachia Spp. Infection In Populations Of Aedes Albopictus In The City of Valencia, Spain
Authors: Marcilla Antonio , TRELIS MARÍA , LERA FERMÍN QUERO DE , BUENO-MARÍ RUBÉN
Published: July 2020

Background: The presence of Aedes albopictus was first reported in Valencia (Eastern Spain) in 2015, having a high sanitary and social impact. Innovative tools for its control include the use of the endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia pipientis, which suppress Ae. albopictus populations. The release of mosquito males infected with the bacteria has proven effective as a control strategy in similar urban areas in Rome, Italy. Before this strategy could be implemented in Valencia, it is crucial to know whether natural local populations of Ae. albopictus are infected with Wolbachia pipientis and if so, identifying the bacteria strains/supergroups. Methods: Eggs were collected from water basins from the 19 districts of the city of Valencia between May and October 2019. A total of 50 Ae. albopictus reared mosquito adults were processed and analyzed for the presence Wolbachia by selected markers for 16S rDNA and surface protein (wsp) genes, under optimized PCR conditions and sequenced.Results: Our study reveal that 94,7% of the samples carried the endosymbiont, with no differences among sexes. In relation to the Wolbachia strains, both wAlbA and wAlbB strains were identified in the mosquitoes analyzed, with some samples carrying mixed infections. Conclusions: These data provide the first characterization of endosymbionts present in natural populations of Ae. albopictus in the Mediterranean area of Spain, and offers relevant information to evaluate the potential use of Wolbachia strains in order to achieve mosquito populations suppression through massive releases of males artificially infected.
Evaluation of Patient-Centered Communication in the Dental Practice of Kazakhstan
Authors: Zhumadilova Anara , Kozhakhmetova Aizhan , Yeslyamgaliyeva Ardak , Kazhen Madina , Sergazinov Artyom , Craig Brett J.
Published: July 2020

Background: The number of patients’ complaints based on dissatisfaction with dental care in the Republic of Kazakhstan remains high and is steadily increasing [1,2,3,4,5]. This study aims to evaluate the level of perception of patient-centered care among participants and find possible contributing factors that result in the high dissatisfaction among the patients.Methods: The cross-sectional study of 400 dentists and 400 patients from private dental clinics in the city of Nur-Sultan was conducted using a survey which contained PPOS by age and sex, dentists’ job satisfaction, job effort, job reward levels, and scales measuring the patients’ life satisfaction and communication assessment. The number of all respondents were 400 of dentists and 400 of patients ,correspondingly with an overall response rate of 80%. The middle-age (31-50 years) people have composed the major part of all the respondents, or 66.3% of the total.Results: According to the study, the patient-centered orientation of patients negatively correlated with life satisfaction (R=-0.201, P=0.000050) and communication assessment (P=0.230), while negatively correlated with age (P=0.379). Meanwhile, for dentists, or care providers, the patient-centered orientation also negatively correlated with life satisfaction (R=-0.204, P=0.000038). Conclusions: It was revealed that the majority of dentists and patients are doctor oriented. This study showed that all respondents associate the patient-centered approach with life satisfaction levels. Age is another important factor: the older proportion of the respondents mostly prefer doctor-centered attitudes.
Immunophenotyping of Clinically Isolated Syndrome Patients Who Did or Did Not Convert to Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Nakhaei-Nejad Maryam , Lee Chieh-Hsin , Barilla David , Camara-Lemarroy Carlos , Jiang Bei , Yong V. Wee , Giuliani Fabrizio
Published: July 2020

BackgroundClinically isolated syndrome (CIS) is the prodromal phase of multiple sclerosis (MS) disease course, with patients having experienced one neurological episode. Up to 90% of CIS patients develop subsequent MS, so it is important to differentiate those who will and will not convert to Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) in the future, which will allow for earlier treatment. We aimed to test whether peripheral blood immunophenotype could predict conversion from clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) to multiple sclerosis (MS).MethodsMulticolor flow cytometry was used to identify up to 50 peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) subpopulations in fresh blood samples. Further, cryopreserved PBMCs processed in another center were identically immunophenotyped in the same facility where the fresh blood specimens were analysed.Results In addition to major subpopulations (T and B lymphocytes, monocytes, dendritic cells (DC) and natural killer (NK) cells), we measured the frequencies of multiple CD4+ and CD8+ T cell, monocyte, and NK subsets. Among the studied subpopulations, DCs were significantly lower in CIS who converted to MS (CIS-C) compared to patients who did not (CIS-N). Also, CD56-CD16+ atypical NK subset was lower in CIS-C. We also studied cryopreserved CIS patient samples from a previous clinical trial involving the CIS populations. We observed significant differences between fresh and cryopreserved PBMC subpopulations. We were not able to detect the same differences in the cryopreserved samples.ConclusionsOur data using fresh blood samples reveals that while there were significant differences between CIS-N and CIS-C in the DCs and in one of the NK subsets, there was no overall difference between the immunophenotypes of CIS patients who did and did not convert to MS. These changes could be of physiological relevance to the disease pathogenesis. The fact that these differences were not observed in cryopreserved samples could mean that using fresh blood from patients may provide a more accurate tool to study the immune system composition.