bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cultivares de maíz morado de alto rendimiento y contenido de antocianinas en la región Cajamarca, Perú
Authors: Rabanal-Atalaya Melissa , Medina-Hoyo Alicia
Published: May 2022

El maíz morado contiene como principal metabolito secundario a las antocianinas, pertenecientes al grupo de los flavonoides polifenolicos, responsables de muchas actividades biológicas principalmente de la actividad antioxidante alta. Se busca identificar maíces morados con buena producción de grano y contenido de antocianinas en el olote y brácteas que generen más ingresos a los productores de la región Cajamarca en Perú, usando tres cultivares en cuatro localidades de la región Cajamarca en Perú. Los resultados muestran el mejor ambiente de producción fue Chala, donde se registró la mayor producción de grano fue en los cultivares INIA-601 (4.38 t ha-1) y MM (3.75 t ha-1). Los mismos cultivares tuvieron las más altas concentraciones de antocianinas tanto en el olote y en las brácteas, con valores de 7.9 y 4.53 mg g-1 para INIA-601 y 7.2 y 2.1 mg g-1 para MM respectivamente, sugiriéndolos como variedades potenciales por el alto rendimiento y contenido de antocianinas.
Sistema agroalimentario localizado: revalorización ante un contexto de pobreza y cambio climático en la Huasteca Hidalguense
Authors: Casanova-Pérez Lorena , Flores-Lara Bernabé , García-Alonso Florencia , Cruz-Bautista Patricia , Rosales-Martínez Verónica
Published: May 2022

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo caracterizar el sistema agroalimentario localizado que aún persiste en tres municipios habitados por población náhuatl en la Huasteca Hidalguense en México, caracterizada por su pobreza, marginación y vulnerabilidad ante el cambio climático. Las herramientas metodológicas fueron una encuesta a productores (n= 68) y consumidores (n= 68) y una revisión documental. Los datos obtenidos fueron analizados con estadística descriptiva. Los resultados indican que en la Huasteca Hidalguense existe un sistema agroalimentario localizado en condiciones críticas, en cuyo funcionar es fundamental la participación de pequeños productores con escasos recursos y afectados en su quehacer productivo por condiciones de sequía en los últimos cinco años. Se considera que la recuperación y el fortalecimiento del sistema agroalimentario localizado de la región fortalecerá la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional de la población.
Bioprospección de insectos benéficos en sistemas de producción agroecológicos y orgánicos en San Luis Potosí
Authors: Hernández-Aranda Víctor Adrián , Jarquin-Gálvez Ramón , Lara-Ávia José Pablo , Aguilar-Benítez Gisela
Published: May 2022

Se realizó la bioprospección de insectos en dos unidades de producción hortícola, una orgánica denominada Casa Garambullo ubicada en Villa de Hidalgo y otra agroecológica denominada Granja Doña Mary ubicada en Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, ambas en el estado de San Luis Potosí. Se determinó la diversidad de especies de insectos, benéficos o no, presentes en dichas localidades. Para este fin, se compararon las unidades de producción hortícola a través del número de especies de insectos durante cuatro semanas, utilizando red entomológica, trampas de agua y trampas adhesivas de color amarillo. A partir de estas capturas se realizó un conteo de individuos y se clasificaron por orden y familia. Se constató que en las trampas de agua se colectó la mayor cantidad de ejemplares de insectos benéficos. En los cultivos de maíz en desarrollo, maíz en postcosecha, calabaza en desarrollo, calabaza en poscosecha y acelga de Casa Garambullo y Granja Doña Mary, fueron identificadas ocho familias de insectos benéficos: Vespidae, Apidae, Syrphidae, Eulophidae, Crabronidae, Formicidae, Cynipidae, Coccinellidae. Pese a existir homogeneidad en los órdenes, la colecta de artrópodos en el sistema de producción orgánica ‘Casa Garambullo’ ubicado en Villa de Hidalgo, mostró un mayor número de insectos benéficos en comparación al sistema de producción agroecológico Doña Mary en Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, en términos de diversidad la dominancia de especies y biodiversidad específica en ambas localidades fue baja; no obstante, la diversidad de especies en las localidades estudiadas fue alta.
Banana bunching associated with climatic and nutritional variations
Authors: Lima Juliana Domingues , Drominiski Alex Mesczezen , Rocha Camila da Silva , Da Conceição Mariana Passos , Gomes Eduardo Nardini , Rozane Danilo Eduardo
Published: May 2022

Choked banana presents closeness of petioles looks that allows the exit of the distal part of the inflorescence, but not the basal part is stuck up at the throat. The aim of this study was to avaluate the effect of choking on the growth of Musa spp. cv Nanica, as well as to investigate how the climatic variations and status nutritional of plants are associated whith this physiological disorder. The experiment was conducted in September/2018 in August/2019 in Registro, São Paulo state, Brazil. The experimental design adopted was completely randomized with two treatments and ten repetitions, in sub-divided plots over time (months). The evaluation consisted in determining the intensity of the symptom, number of leaves, plant height, hand number, stalk length, symptoms of nutritional deficiency and other abnormalities, leaf nutrient contents. Plant growth was not impacted by choking, only the hands number in the months of October/2018 and June/2019 to August/2019 (p< 0.05). Choking occurred throughout the year, with a predominance of severe symptoms of April in June due a redução da temperatura e radiation. The twisted fruits, united by fusion of floral parts and with different sizes occurred, respectively, in 21.67, 60.83 and 17.52% of the symptomatic plants, associated with the cool temperature during the differentiation of the female fruit. Choking and abnormalities in the bunch and fruits were associated with Zn deficiency (p< 0.05). The deficiency of Ca at low temperatures, the lower availability of radiation and the high relative humidity were also associated with the choking. The excess of P in the soil, as well, the adverse climatic conditions contributed to the limitation of these nutrients.
Registro documental, oralidade e memória territorial: narrativas da historiografia de Ritápolis - MG
Authors: Santos Anakelly Silva , Nascimento Adriana Gomes do
Published: May 2022

Este artigo apresenta um registro dos processos de estudos e pesquisas que vêm sendo desenvolvidos para resgatar e registrar as origens históricas da cidade de Ritápolis. O município de Ritápolis, loc
Critical Factors in Promoting Sustainable Innovation in Bahrain
Authors: Al-Ansari Ahmed , AL Mohsen Hassan , Coutts Christine (Noor) Elizabeth
Published: May 2022

Despite many initiatives to help foster innovation over the last decade, Bahrain has yet to realise its full potential, indicated by low levels of published research, patent registrations, and entrepreneurial activities. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of sustainable innovation for economic recovery. This study aimed to identify the critical factors needed to stimulate innovation, as well as any barriers. Using a case study approach, emerging findings from an online survey of participants from a range of private and government organizations were explored through in-depth interviews with selected "innovation influencers". It was found that the economic and cultural environments in Bahrain favor a conservative approach to innovation, with the opening of new market opportunities with existing products the most reported form applied. The need for a sustainable economic recovery post-pandemic has raised awareness of the importance of innovation in all its forms. The environmental factors influencing innovation are charted in an ecosystem model, with effective leadership and a national strategy identified as key components. The Innovation Ecosystem derived from this case study of Bahrain has wider applicability as a benchmarking framework. By mapping the local context against framework elements, identified gaps can usefully inform a sustainable innovation strategy at both a national and organizational level.
Evaluation of the insecticidal potential of two medicinal plants and an entomopathogenic fungi against Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), a pest of stored foods
Authors: FATİMA ZOHRA YOUSSRA Sekrane , KADA Righi , FATİHA Righi , ZOHRA Madani , KARACA İsmail
Published: May 2022

Stored products are among the most important foods in human nutrition. However; these products are under the pressure of many harmful organisms.One of these pests is Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). In this study, effects of two essential oils (Mentha rotundifolia and Satureja calamintha) and an enthomopathogenenic fungi on Tribolium confusum has been tried under the laboratory conditions, contact and repellent effects of essential oils and contact effect of dry plant extract were determined.As a result, essential oil, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 μl / ml doses of Mentha rotundifolia showed 100% effect after 24 hours, while Satureja calamintha reached 100% effect after 96 hours.15 μl / ml dose of M. rotundifolia and 20 μl / ml dose of S. calamintha reached 100% detrimental effect after two hours. Powder doses of 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 g of these plants, which were applied, caused the death of all the male and female individuals after 24 hours. In addition, the effects of 1x107 conidia / mL dose of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana after 24, 48 and 72 hours were 87.5%, 97.5% and 100%, respectively. It was seen that both essential oils and B. bassiana were successfully in suppressing the depot pest Tribolium confusum.
Parents’ role construction for educational involvement and socioeconomic status: Relations to early adolescents’ academic self-concepts and achievement in reading, writing, and mathematics
Authors: Bardach Lisa , Neuendorf Claudia , Grüter Sandra , Wild Elke , Hesse Franzisca Pia , Gorges Julia
Published: May 2022

Parents play a critical role for their children’s academic development. However, little is known about the link between parental role construction for educational involvement (i.e., parents’ beliefs of whether they should be involved in their child’s education) and educational outcomes in early adolescence. This study therefore investigated relations between parental role construction and early adolescents’ reading, writing, and mathematics self-concepts and achievement. In addition, it was tested whether these effects vary depending on socio-economic status (SES). Relying on data from two measurement points in the first year of secondary school (413 adolescents, 50.5% girls, and their parents), results from longitudinal structural equation models revealed positive relations between parental role construction and initial writing achievement and self-concept. A stronger relation between role construction and adolescents’ mathematics achievement at both measurement points emerged in the presence of higher SES. This study contributes to the current knowledge on links between parental beliefs and educational outcomes in early adolescence and refines these insights by showing that SES moderates some of the effects of parental role construction.
Kaitan Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan Lingkungan
Authors: Putra Fany Surya
Published: May 2022

Sebuah esai yang ditulis berdasarkan jurnal bahasa Indonesia yang berkaitan dengan lingkungan.
Environmental Influence towards Indonesian Language Learning
Authors: Hayati Radiatil
Published: May 2022

The environment is a place where children grow and develop. The environment has a big influence when it comes to learning Indonesian. Environment-based Indonesian language learning can help students master Indonesian language learning. A good and conducive environment will help students increase creativity and be innovative in learning Indonesian. In addition, the environment can help students to protect the environment around them through learning Indonesian.
Keseimbangan Pasar Uang dan Pasar Barang (Siti Nurfadhilah 90500120063)
Authors: nurfadhilah
Published: May 2022

Keseimbangan pasar uang dan pasar barang sangat mempengaruhi sebuah perekonomian. Hal ini karna pengaruh permintaan dan penawaran serta pengalihan masuk dan keluar uang itu penting
Binomial Distribution with Optimized Combination of Combinatorics
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: May 2022

This paper presents the binomial distribution combined with the improved binomial coefficient (optimized combination). This idea will stimulate the mind of researchers to think in alternative ways for research and development.
Rites and Religiosity: Death and Dying in Vietnam
Authors: Mai Nhat Chi
Published: May 2022

This paper is the second part of the Ricci Scholarship, a comparative project focusing on Italy and Vietnam. Italy and Vietnam are selected as case studies, due to the differentiation of religious beliefs and ritual practices. In this study, I analyze death in Vietnam, and propose a triangular model which considers attitudes towards death, religious beliefs and ritual practices, and authenticity. The triangular model is established for comparative analysis, and as an interpretive filter to analyze death in culture. Death is not confined to a single culture or narrative, so the triangular model will also emphasize the social and individual nuances in analyzing death. For a traditional perspective of rites. I examine Vietnamese Confucianism as an example of a traditional philosophical framework in the context of contemporary Vietnam. That is not to claim that Vietnamese Confucianism is a dominant cultural apparatus. Rather, Vietnamese Confucianism is a case study for an overview of how traditional understandings interact in contemporary Vietnamese society.
Talent Flow Network, the Life Cycle of Firms, and Their Innovations
Authors: Mai Nhat Chi
Published: May 2022

This paper explores how talent flow network and the firm life cycle affect the innovative performances of firms. This study first established an interorganizational talent flow network with the occupational mobility data available from the public resumes on LinkedIn China. Thereafter, this information was combined with the financial data of China’s listed companies to develop a unique dataset for the time period between 2000 and 2015. The empirical results indicate the following: (1) the breadth and depth of firms’ embedding in the talent flow network positively impact their innovative performances; (2) younger firms’ innovations are mostly promoted by the breadth of network embedding, but this positive effect weakens as firms increase in age; (3) mature firms’ innovations are primarily driven by the depth of network embedding, and this positive effect strengthens as firms increase in age. This paper enriches and deepens the studies of talent flow networks, and it provides practical implications for innovation management based on talent flow for various types of firms at different development stages.
Inflammasome Treatment against Adverse Events of Special Interest
Authors: Lee Jong hoon
Published: May 2022

BackgroundAdverse events of special interest (AESI) are associated with an elevated risk of myocarditis, lymphadenopathy, and death. Main body of the abstractWe found a supplement that might reduce the risk of AESI induced by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The number of cases of AESI was reported to have the same patterns in the UK, South Korea, and Trials of mRNA vaccines among nine countries. The spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 damages hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in an NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent manner. AESI might come from inflammasomes induced by mRNA vaccines expressing the full-length prefusion spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2. Inflammasomes induced by the mRNA vaccine can induce AESI or biopsy‑proven lymphocytic myocarditis. Dapsone has been used to treat stroke, infective endocarditis, immune thrombocytopenia, Alzheimer's disease, seizure, and COVID-19 ARDS. As an inflammasome competitor, dapsone can reduce inflammasome reactions.ConclusionInflammasomes induced by mRNA vaccines can induce AESI or other inflammasome diseases, such as COVID-19. As an inflammasome competitor, dapsone can reduce inflammasome reactions.
Intervening in market formation
Authors: Mai Nhat Chi
Published: May 2022

Furthermore, Vietnamese production trials struggled to compete with ethanol imports in terms of efficiency and price. By the time of our interview, only two of the six state-run factories built to produce ethanol remained in operation.
Pengaruh Lingkungan terhadap Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Hayati Radiatil
Published: May 2022

Lingkungan adalah tempat anak bertumbuh kembang. Lingkungan memiliki pengaruh yang besar jika dikaitkan dengan pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia. Pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia berbasis lingkungan dapat membantu peserta didik dalam menguasai pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia. Lingkungan yang baik dan kondusif akan membantu peserta didik dalam meningkatkan kreativitas dan inovatif dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia. Selain itu, lingkungan dapat membantu peserta didik untuk menjaga lingkungan yang ada di sekitarnya melalui pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia.
Validating the Early Numeracy Teacher Rating scale for Preschoolers (TRS-EN)
Authors: Vessonen Terhi , Widlund Anna , Hakkarainen Airi , Aunio Pirjo
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study was to validate a teacher rating scale (TRS-EN) for assessing early numeracy skills and for identifying mathematically low-performing 3- and 4-year-old children. Fifty-six preschool teachers assessed children’s (3-year-olds = 127; 4-year-olds = 145) numerical relational, counting, and basic arithmetic skills. Construct validity evidence through confirmatory factor analysis supported both unidimensional and three-factor (i.e., numerical relational, counting and basic arithmetic skills) models. Also, TRS-EN demonstrated excellent internal consistency in both age groups. The teacher assessment scores corresponded well with standardized direct early numeracy measures, and predicted children’s early numeracy skills six months later. The results clearly demonstrate that the TRS-EN can be used to assist teachers in assessing early numeracy skills, and help with identifying mathematically low-performing children.
Dissociating Proactive and Reactive Control in Older Adults
Authors: Ball Hunter , Peper Philip , Bugg Julie
Published: May 2022

The Dual Mechanisms of Control framework predicts that age-related declines should be most prominent for tasks that require proactive control, while tasks requiring reactive control should show minimal age differences in performance. However, results from traditional paradigms are inconclusive as to whether these two processes are independent, making it difficult to understand how these processes change with age. The current study manipulated the proportion congruency in a list-wide (Experiment 1 and 2) or item-specific (Experiment 1) fashion to independently assess proactive and reactive control, respectively. In the list-wide task, older adults were unable to proactively bias attention away from word processing based on list-level expectancies. Proactive control deficits replicated across multiple task paradigms, with different Stroop stimuli (picture-word, integrated color-word, separated color-word), and different behavioral indices (Stroop interference, secondary prospective memory). In contrast, older adults were successfully able to reactively filter the word dimension based on item-specific expectancies. These findings provide unambiguous support that aging is associated with declines in proactive, but not reactive, control.
Optimal Allocation of Time in Risky Choices under Opportunity Costs
Authors: Olschewski Sebastian , Mullett Timothy L , Stewart Neil
Published: May 2022

In economic decision-making there is a trade-off between deliberation time to make a good decision and opportunity costs of other rewarding activities. Recent theories describe how the optimal strategy of evidence accumulation for this problem depends on the environment. If the utility difference between two options is known a priori, but not the identity of the better option, deciders should accumulate evidence according to a drift diffusion model with constant decision boundaries. If this difference is unknown beforehand, collapsing boundaries should be used. The exact position of the boundaries depends on the opportunity costs. In two experiments we examined whether people can vary their decision bounds adaptively. Participants rated and chose between risky lotteries, while we varied prior information about the utility difference. We also varied opportunity costs, by imposing time limits on task blocks. We found that participants used collapsing boundaries in all examined conditions, even in conditions when constant boundaries were optimal. This means they reduced their target strength of evidence during the choice process, even when they should not. In contrast, participants were sensitive to opportunity costs, deciding faster when choice time was more costly. In sum, people adapted to opportunity costs but not prior information about utility differences.
Restricting movements of lower face leaves recognition of emotional vocalizations intact but introduces a valence positivity bias
Authors: Wołoszyn Kinga , Hohol Mateusz , Kuniecki Michal , Winkielman Piotr
Published: May 2022

Blocking facial mimicry can disrupt recognition of emotion stimuli. Many previous studies have focused on facial expressions, and it remains unclear whether this generalizes to other types of emotional expressions. Furthermore, by emphasizing categorical recognition judgments, previous studies neglected the role of mimicry in other processing stages, including dimensional (valence and arousal) evaluations. In the study presented herein, we addressed both issues by asking participants to listen to brief non-verbal vocalizations of four emotion categories (anger, disgust, fear, happiness) and neutral sounds under two conditions. One of the conditions included blocking facial mimicry by creating constant tension on the lower face muscles, in the other one facial muscles remained relaxed. After each stimulus presentation, participants evaluated sounds’ category, valence, and arousal. Although blocking manipulation did not influence emotion recognition, it led to higher valence ratings in a non-category-specific manner, including neutral sounds. Our findings suggest that somatosensory and motor feedback play a role in the evaluation of affect vocalizations, perhaps introducing a directional bias. This distinction between stimulus recognition, stimulus categorization, and stimulus evaluation is important for understanding what cognitive and emotional processing stages involve somatosensory and motor processes.
Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Urdu Version of Rosenbaum Concussion Knowledge and Attitude Survey—Student Version
Authors: Mahfooz Masood , Noh Young-Eun , Teo Eng Wah
Published: May 2022

Evaluating athletes’ knowledge and attitude towards sports-related concussions is important. However, there is limited research involving South Asian athletes, partly due to the lack of a valid and reliable tool. This study, therefore, aimed to translate and validate the Rosenbaum Concussion Knowledge and Attitude Survey—Student Version (RoCKAS-ST), an established tool used to measure knowledge and attitude towards concussion, into Urdu. RoCKAS-ST was translated into Urdu using the standard guidelines and then completed by 369 athletes participating in contact sports at different universities in Pakistan. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the Concussion Attitude Index (CAI) items to examine the underlying factorial structure. Construct validity of CAI factors was also investigated using convergent and discriminant validity. The results showed that the Urdu version of RoCKAS-ST is a valid tool for evaluating Urdu-speaking athletes’ knowledge and attitudes towards concussions and is thus suitable for evidence-based concussion awareness interventions.
Autocrats and Peaceful Resignation in the Post-Soviet Space: A Political Culture Explanation
Authors: Pisareva Dinara
Published: May 2022

When faced with a large-scale, well-organised dissent, autocracies almost always use at least some form of repression. However, in some cases autocrats choose to peacefully resign raising the question why they do not prioritise their survival. I investigate a culture-related explanation coined as a ‘moderating’ theory – that high levels of country’s support for democracy have a ‘moderating’ cognitive effect on autocrats’ decision-making – in two such case studies of Georgia and Armenia. In Georgia, in 2003, President Eduard Shevardnadze (1995-2003) peacefully stepped down following a large-scale electoral protest. In Armenia, in 2018, Prime Minister Serzh Sargsyan (2008-2018) similarly abandoned his position without using military force when faced with the challenge of mass dissent.
How unified is the Australian agricultural sector when talking to policy makers about digitalization?
Authors: Terhorst Andrew , Garrard Robert
Published: May 2022

Technological advances are transforming agriculture in many parts of the world. Despite the importance of agriculture to its economy, Australia lags behind other advanced economies in the adoption of digital agricultural technology. The country risks losing its comparative advantage due to a weak policy around digital agriculture. This study combines network analysis and natural language processing to assess 654 public submissions to six government inquiries addressing agricultural innovation, the digital economy, and rural broadband communication networks, held between 2016 and 2018. The analysis shows there is no consistent narrative driving policy development around digital agriculture. A fragmented policy landscape is a concern because it means that current and emerging policies may not address key issues, resulting in sub-optimal outcomes for Australian agriculture.
Social Identity and Support for Defunding the Police in the Aftermath of George Floyd’s Murder
Authors: Jackson Jonathan , Fine Adam , Bradford Ben , Trinkner Rick
Published: May 2022

In the spring and summer of 2020, police in the United States killed Breonna Taylor, George Floyd and other unarmed people of color. In one of the largest social movements in the nation’s history, thousands engaged in public protests and called to defund or abolish the police. Debate about police racism and the need for reform intensified, with public opinion polls showing how polarised public attitudes were along traditional political lines. Analyzing data from a cross-sectional quota sample survey of 1,500 U.S. residents conducted in summer 2020, our findings confirm the proposition that opposition and support for defunding the police was related to not only political views and superordinate identification with the group that the police prototypically represent, but also polarized intergroup identification with the police and the Black Lives Matter movement, as well as people’s perceptions of police procedural justice and systemic racism.
Three Families of Automated Text Analysis
Authors: van Loon Austin
Published: May 2022

Since the beginning of this millennium, data in the form of human-generated text in a machine-readable format has become increasingly available to social scientists, presenting a unique window into social life. However, harnessing vast quantities of this highly unstructured data in a systematic way presents a unique combination of analytical and methodological challenges. Luckily, our understanding of how to overcome these challenges has also developed greatly over this same period. In this article, I present a novel typology of the methods social scientists have used to analyze text data at scale in the interest of testing and developing social theory. I describe three “families” of methods: analyses of (1) term frequency, (2) document structure, and (3) semantic similarity. For each family of methods, I discuss their logical and statistical foundations, analytical strengths and weaknesses, as well as prominent variants and applications.
The Direct Healthy Life Expectancy Estimates from Life Tables to Support HALE Measures done by the World Health Organization. A New Tool for a Standard Measure
Authors: Skiadas Christos H
Published: May 2022

Health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) stands as the average number of years that a person is expected to live in good health by taking into account years lived in less than full health due to disease and/or injury.HALE can be assessed as a summary measure of healthy life expectancy over time. It can be estimated from only the data included in a life table as it was proposed and published a few years ago by Skiadas and Skiadas in papers mainly included in 45, 46 and 50 of The Springer Series on Demographic Methods and Population Analysis. The main idea was to use a formula for averaging the health estimates provided by mx=Dx/Px that is HLYL=max(xmx/sum(mx)) from 0 to age x, to estimate the Healthy Life Years Lost. In a way the average includes information for Deaths (Dx) and Population (Px) at age x and finds the mean information from 0 to x the same way people respond to questionnaires according to their experience over the years from deaths-injuries observed or/and information from decease and injury data collected is included. HALE estimates were achieved after the work of a well-organized team and the people working in this area succeeded in providing HALE as a figure measure for countries and specific areas.However, over the years, particular updates were needed to stabilize the final HALE figures as provided by the World Health Organization or by The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). The last two updates continue to have differences, while the previous numbers of HALE starting from 2000 show particular differences. Researchers and policy makers have to adapt their models and programs to a changing situation though the need to adopt and apply a unique and standard Health State Measure is totally assessed. To this end, our research work concluded with replacing HALE with a unique health measure based on life tables, so that to have final estimates of Healthy Life Expectancy (HLE) for every particular Life Expectancy (LE). Many researchers have contributed in providing the HALE data we use, as Colin Mathers from WHO and Christopher Murray from IHME supported by numerous collaborators along with generous funding from Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF). We deeply thank all of them for offering their findings as to finally check and verify a final model for estimating Healthy Life Expectancy (HLE).With our work here we provide a “Standard” measure to calculate replicable estimates for HLYL and then estimate the Healthy Life Expectancy (HLE) from HLE=LE-HLYL, where LE is the Life Expectancy.
Public Sentiment Analysis in Social Media on the SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Using VADER Lexicon Polarity
Authors: Algaraady Jeehaan , Mahyoob Mohammad
Published: May 2022

Recently Natural Language Processing (NLP) constituted an important area of computational linguistics and artificial intelligence, where the virtual and digital world has become an essential aspect of our daily lives. Sentiment analysis and data mining are sub-fields of NLP, which draw the attention of researchers to search and mine various issues on social media. This study explores the public's sentiments and opinions towards the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination doses in Saudi Arabia. It tries to provide insights on the motivations and barriers in taking the first and second vaccine doses and how the public's awareness and attitudes differ in the two doses. The research objects are 6.232 public tweets and comments that have been harvested from official social media platforms (Twitter and YouTube) between December 19, 2020, and December 10, 2021. The sentiment analysis measured polarity using the NLTK VADER analyzer, and the opinions were identified and classified based on the multidimensional scaling method. The results show that in the case of the first vaccine dose of the 2989 opinions enrolled, 61.5% of the public were willing to take the COVID-19 vaccination—the majority trust the vaccine safety and the Ministry of Health measures and decisions. While 21.1% show negative attitudes towards the vaccination, most of them untrust the vaccine and are worried about its syndromes. In the case of the second vaccine dose of the 3,243 opinions enrolled, 63.2% also show positive attitudes toward taking the vaccine. Trusting the vaccine safety and not being prevented from work, travel, and other activities are the primary motivations to receive the vaccine in this phase. While negative sentiments scored 30.3%, the most frequent determinant is the suspicion of the vaccine safety, symptoms, and decision discrepancies. Identifying public sentiments and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination would provide a better understanding of the reasons behind vaccine rejection or acceptance and would help the health policymakers better develop and implement vaccine awareness strategies and appropriate communication to enhance vaccine taking.
Automating the Analysis of Online Deliberation? A comparison of manual and computational measures applied to climate change discussions
Authors: Oswald Lisa
Published: May 2022

Facing the importance and the sheer volume of online discussions, reliable computational approaches to assess the deliberative quality of online discussions at scale would open a new era of deliberation research and create opportunities for deliberation centered platform regulation. But to what extent is it possible to automate the assessment of deliberative quality? I compare automated measures of text features and discussion thread structures to established manual content analysis with an application to online discussions on ‘Reddit’ that deal with the 2020 wildfires in Australia and California. I further compare discussions between two ideologically opposite online communities, one featuring discussions in line with the scientific consensus and one featuring climate change skepticism. While no single computational measure can capture the multi-dimensional concept of deliberative quality, I find that (1) automated measures of structural complexity capture engagement and participation as preconditions for deliberation, (2) automated toxicity scores predict manual measures of respect, and (3) the length of comments in combination with the absence of toxicity predicts manual measures of argumentation. While the presented computational approaches cannot replace in-depth content coding, the findings imply that selected automated measures can be useful, scalable additions to the measurement repertoire for specific dimensions of online deliberation. I discuss implications for platform regulation and communication research and suggest interdisciplinary collaboration to synthesize past content coding efforts using machine learning.
What is the influence of sexual content on social media, on the romantic perceptions of adults on the spectrum and their relationship satisfaction.
Authors: Telem Adi , Hayat Tsahi
Published: May 2022

The following research examined the influence of sexual content on social media on the romantic perceptions of adults on the spectrum and their relationship satisfaction. Participants underwent three tests. AQ examined the strength of their autism characteristics, DAS examined the level of relationship satisfaction, ISST measured the amount of sexual content they are consuming online. Taking into consideration the female sexual representation online results and dissatisfaction were more significant among men. Further explanation of the patterns we found will be presented in the discussion.
Where have all the sound changes gone? Examining the scarcity of evidence for regular sound change in Australian languages
Authors: Miceli Luisa , Round Erich
Published: May 2022

Almost universally, diachronic sound patterns of languages reveal evidence of both regular and irregular sound changes, yet an exception may be the languages of Australia. Here we discuss a long-observed and striking characteristic of diachronic sound patterns in Australian languages, namely the scarcity of evidence they present for regular sound change. Since the regularity assumption is fundamental to the comparative method, Australian languages pose an interesting challenge for linguistic theory. We examine the situation from two different angles. We identify potential explanations for the lack of evidence of regular sound change, reasoning from the nature of synchronic Australian phonologies; and we emphasise how this unusual characteristic of Australian languages may demand new methods of evaluating evidence for diachronic relatedness and new thinking about the nature of intergenerational transmission. We refer the reader also to Bowern (this volume) for additional viewpoints from which the Australian conundrum can be approached.
Should open access lead to closed research? The trends towards paying to perform research
Authors: Zhang Lin , Wei Yahui , HUANG Ying , Sivertsen Gunnar
Published: May 2022

Open Access (OA) emerged as an important transition in scholarly publishing worldwide during the past two decades. So far, this transition is increasingly based on article processing charges (APC), which create a new paywall on the researchers’ side. Publishing is part of the research process and thereby necessary to perform research. This study analyses the global trends towards paying to perform research by combing observed trends in publishing from 2015 to 2020 with an APC price list. APC expenses have sharply increased among six countries with different OA policies: the USA, China, the UK, France, the Netherlands, and Norway. The estimated global revenues from APC among major publishers now exceed 2 billion US dollars annually. Mergers and takeovers show that the industry is moving towards APC-based OA as the more profitable business model. Research publishing will be closed to those who cannot make an institution or project money payment. Our results lead to a discussion of whether APC is the best way to promote OA.
Reform in The Nineteenth Century: Efforts to Modernize Women’s Role in Assam
Authors: Borah Sarmistha
Published: May 2022

During the time of colonial rule in India, the first historical accounts of Indian women are produced. These accounts tell of an ancient time, when women were held in high esteem followed by a long period when their status declined. When the colonial ruler came on the scene and their narratives introduced new ideas about women’s roles and capabilities and these ideas were adopted by enlightened Indians. Colonial rule in Assam triggered a series of sweeping changes, not only in its economy and polity, but in its society and culture as well. The British brought with them new knowledge, ideas, institutions, beliefs, values and technology. Raja Rammohan Roy’s (1772-1833) name is usually listed first among those of nineteenth century reformers concerned with improving women’s status in India, Historians have called him the “father of modern India”, a “champion of women’s rights”, and a feminist. The necessary for meaningful social reform in Assam was first articulated by Anandaram Dhekial Phukan, akthough his brother Haliram Dhekial Phukan had identified certain prevailing evils.
Gujarat and 1857 (With reference to Dahod
Authors: Bhabhor Rajeshkumar
Published: May 2022

British rule was established in Gujarat in 1818. After that, one territory after another gradually came under British rule. By 1861, the whole of Gujarat came under the monopoly of British power. Throughout the process of administrative transfer, the British regime faced many obstacles, big and small. In which the British rule had to face the most obstacles from the tribes. There were economic, religious and social reasons behind it. After the establishment of British rule, the tribes of Gujarat came up with new administrative and political structures. The tribes became more and more entangled in the levels of power skillfully devised by the British. The atrocities and Johukami in the name of maintaining forest rights, new revenue system, law and order situation proved to be awkward for the freedom loving tribal people. By 1861, the British had a strong hold on the tribal areas. A series of tribal revolts against British policies. The earliest evidence of this was provided by the Nayaka tribes of Panchmahal. (1) In the present article, there is an attempt to discuss the contribution of Dahod district in the freedom struggle.

Abstract in Gujarati Language:

ઈ.સ. 1818માં બ્રિટીશ સત્તાની સ્થાપના ગુજરાતમાં થઈ. તે પછી ધીરે ધીરે એક પછી એક પ્રદેશો બ્રિટીશ હસ્તક આવતા ગયા. ઈ.સ.1861 સુધી સમગ્ર ગુજરાત બ્રિટીશ સત્તાના એકાધિકારમાં આવ્યું. વહીવટી હસ્તાંતરણની સમગ્ર પ્રક્રિયામાં બ્રિટીશ શાસને નાના-મોટા અનેક વિરોધોનો સામનો કરવો પડ્યો હતો. જેમાં આદિવાસીઓ તરફથી બ્રિટીશ શાસને સૌથી વધુ અવરોધોનો સમાનો કરવો પડ્યો હતો. તેની પાછળ આદિવાસીઓના આર્થિક, ધાર્મિક અને સામાજિક કારણો રહેલા હતા. બ્રિટીશ સત્તાની સ્થાપના પછી ગુજરાતના આદિવાસીઓ નવી વહીવટી તથા રાજકીય વ્યવસ્થાના માળખા આવ્યા. બ્રિટીશરોએ કુશળતાથી તૈયાર કરેલા સત્તાના સ્તરોમાં આદિવાસીઓ વધુને વધુ જકડાતા ગયા. જંગલના હક્કો, નવી મહેસુલ વ્યવસ્થા, કાયદો અને વ્યવસ્થાની સ્થિતિ જાળવવાના નામે થતા અત્યાચારો અને જોહુકમીથી સ્વાતંત્ર્યપ્રિય આદિવાસી પ્રજા માટે અકળાવનારું સાબિત થયું. ઈ.સ. 1861 સુધી બ્રિટીશ સત્તાએ, આદિવાસી વિસ્તારો ઉપર પણ મજબૂત કબજો જમાવ્યો. બ્રિટીશ નીતિરીતિઓ સામે આદિવાસી વિદ્રોહોની શૃંખલા સર્જાઈ. તેનો સૌ પ્રથમ પૂરાવો પંચમહાલના નાયકા આદિવાસીઓએ પૂરો પાડ્યો હતો. (1) પ્રસ્તુત લેખમાં સ્વાતંત્ર્ય સંગ્રામમાં દાહોદ જિલ્લાના યોગદાન વિશે ચર્ચા કરવાનો અત્રે ઉપક્રમ છે.

Keywords: બ્રિટિશ શાસન, ગુજરાત, એકાધિકાર, વહીવટી ટ્રાન્સફર, ધાર્મિક, આર્થિક
An Analysis of Disparities in Access to Drinking Water in the Rural Areas of Rohtak District, Haryana (India)
Authors: Rani Meenu , Kh.Moirangleima
Published: May 2022

Access to safe drinking water has been a major challenge in India especially in rural areas where lack of usable water has given birth to decades old sanitation and health problems. In India, the water supply primarily depends upon two sources- Rivers and ground water. Unfortunately, both the sources are declining quantitatively and qualitatively owing to increasing population, industrialization and pollution. As per the report of Central Ground Water Board, ground water of most of the districts in Haryana is unfit for consumption due to high presence of salinity, nitrate, fluoride etc. As per Houselisting and Housing Census, 2011, in Rohtak district, 63.3 percent of rural household used taps, 8 percent used wells, 17.6 percent hand pumps and 8.1 percent used tube wells as sources of drinking water. In the present paper, Composite Index Method has been applied to find out the disparities in the availability of drinking water among the villages. Out of total 143 villages, village Kisranti has the highest number of households (99.2 percent) while four villages- Sanga Hera, Taimurpur, Sahan majra and Kahni 7 ½ Biswa have no households under tap water from treated source of drinking. Based upon the secondary data, the research work aims to analyze the access of safe drinking water through holistic comparison among the villages.
Administration in Ancient Assam: Special Reference to Inscriptional Evidence
Authors: Borah Sarmistha
Published: May 2022

Ancient Assam history roughly covers the period from the days of the epics to the early part of thirteenth century. Assam is a part of the country known in ancient period as a Pragjyotisha. By this name the country was known in the great epics, The Mahabharata and The Ramayana as well as in some of the principles puranas. In early period authentic political history of course may be said to have begun from the middle of the fourth century AD. The reconstruction of ancient Assam history is a difficult work, mainly because of the lack in pure and reliable historical materials. During the time of pre historic analysis neoliths played a very important rule to re-establish and restore the lost history of the period. Even for the historical period of study a few existing or local inscriptions and small architectural remains and scattered literary documents as source of information.
Regional Disparity in Health Infrastructure in Bulandshahr District: Block Level Analysis
Authors: Kumar Nitin , Singh Sadhana , Parashari Ashish
Published: May 2022

Health is the most basic human right and its availability to all people without distinction of race, religion, and political belief, economic or social condition should be the highest priority of the government. India, in spite of attaining a successive advancement on economic front still lags behind the global standard to provide better health well-being to its people. The main reason for this highly uneven health gains in the country is because of the regional disparity in availability and accessibility in health services and health infrastructure. Health infrastructure thus is the most important tool to access the health care environment and welfare mechanism of a country. It signifies the investment priority with regards to the creation of health care facilities. Health infrastructure is the foundation to plan, deliver, evaluate and bringing about improvements in public health. The availability and accessibility of public health care services is very much dependent upon the presence of basic infrastructural facilities. The present research paper conducts research on health infrastructure and level of disparity in different blocks of Bulandshahr district of Uttar Pradesh. The data is sourced from the District Statistical Handbook of Bulandshahr District 2020-21. Different health indicators are taken out and calculated with help of Z-Score technique to get the regional disparity on health infrastructural availability at block level in Bulandshahr District. The Arc-View Software is used to get the pattern of high, medium and low availability of health infrastructure in different blocks of the district. The result shows that the urban biasness is present in the district in terms of distribution of health infrastructural facilities. Bulandshahr block, Sikandrabad block, Khurja block and Dibai blocks have better health infrastructure in comparison to other blocks of the district. The newly created Agauta Block is the most backward block in terms of having health infrastructure. Various policy measures are suggested to reduce the regional disparity in health infrastructure and improve the overall health well-being of people.
Soft power of Japan in India
Authors: Pathak Samruddhi
Published: May 2022

‘Soft Power’ is a medium ‘to get others to want what you want.’ This research will study Japan’s development of soft power among the ‘Generation Z’ (19-24 years of age) in India through Japanese kids’ cartoons. The term ‘Japanese cartoons’ consists of a plethora of content from kids’ comics to adult anime; therefore, in this research, the term is used only for cartoons created for an audience of below 18 years of age, for example Doraemon, Shinchan and Kiteretsu. Thus, we will understand the influence of cartoons people used to watch as kids on the choices they make as adults, the choices that are relevant for this research. We will discern why kids’ cartoons and anime are more influential than adult anime in the long run. Japan was in the axis powers during the WW 2, yet has acquired a positive outlook, in India, than many Asian countries. Through survey, the research will analyze the cultural changes that Japanese cartoons have brought in India’s Gen Z.