bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FilDReaMS
Authors: Carrière J.-S. , Montier L. , Ferrière K. , Ristorcelli I.
Published: September 2022

Context.Filamentary structures appear to be ubiquitous in the interstellar medium. Being able to detect and characterize them is the first step toward understanding their origin, their evolution, and their role in the Galactic cycle of matter.

Aims.We present a new method, calledFilDReaMS, to detect and analyze filaments in a given image. This method is meant to be fast, user-friendly, multi-scale, and suited for statistical studies.

Methods.The input image is scanned with a rectangular model bar, which makes it possible to uncover structures that can be locally approximated by this bar and to derive their orientations. The bar width can be varied over a broad range of values to probe filaments of different widths.

Results.We performed several series of tests to validate the method and to assess its sensitivity to the level of noise, the filament aspect ratios, and the dynamic range of filament intensities. We found that the method exhibits very good performance at recovering the orientation of the filamentary structures, with an accuracy of 0.5° in nominal conditions, and up to 3° in the worst-case scenario with high levels of noise. The width of the filament is recovered with uncertainties of better than 0.5 px (pixels) in most cases, which could extend up to 3px in the case of low signal-to-noise ratios. Some attempt to build a correspondence between Plummer-type filament profiles and the outcomes of the method is proposed, but remains sensitive to the local environment.

Conclusions.We find ourFilDReaMSto be robust and adapted to the identification and reconstruction of filamentary structures in various environments, from diffuse to dense medium. It allows us to explore the hierarchical scales of these filamentary structures with a high reliability, especially when dealing with their orientation.
Understanding if molecular ratios can be used as diagnostics of AGN and starburst activity: The case of NGC 1068
Authors: Butterworth J. , Holdship J. , Viti S. , García-Burillo S.
Published: September 2022

Context.Molecular line ratios, such as HCN(1−0)/HCO+(1−0) and HCN(4−3)/CS(7−6), are routinely used to identify active galactic nuclei (AGN) activity in galaxies. Such ratios are, however, hard to interpret as they are highly dependent on the physics and energetics of the gas, and hence can seldom be used as a unique, unambiguous diagnostic.

Aims.We used the composite galaxy NGC 1068 as a “laboratory” to investigate whether molecular line ratios between HCN, HCO+, and CS are useful tracers of AGN-dominated gas and determine the origin of the differences in such ratios across different types of gas. Such a determination will enable a more rigorous use of such ratios.

Methods.First, we empirically examined the aforementioned ratios at different angular resolutions to quantify correlations. We then used local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) and non-LTE analyses coupled with Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling in order to determine the origin of the underlying differences in ratios.

Results.We propose that at high spatial resolution (< 50 pc) the HCN(4−3)/CS(2−1) is a reliable tracer of AGN activity. We also find that the variations in ratios are not a consequence of different densities or temperature but of different fractional abundances, yielding to the important result that it is essential to consider the chemical processes at play when drawing conclusions from radiative transfer calculations.

Conclusions.From analyses at varying spatial scales, we find that previously proposed molecular line ratios, as well as a new one, have varying levels of consistency. We also determine from an investigation of radiative transfer modelling of our data that it is essential to consider the chemistry of the species when reaching conclusions from radiative transfer calculations.
Changes in the population structure and life history associated with long-term intense fishing of the Argentinian croaker Umbrina canosai in southern Brazil
Authors: Haimovici Manuel , Kikuchi Eidi , Cardoso Luis Gustavo
Published: September 2022

Identifying changes in the population structure and dynamics for fish stocks is important to support its management. Data obtained from 1976 to 2019 allowed to follow up long more than four decades the changes in the population structure and life-history of Umbrina canosai, an intensely exploited demersal sciaenid fish in southern Brazil. Intense fishing caused the truncation of the length/age structure with the loss of most of the bigger/older fishes and the sex ratio change, with increasing frequencies of males. A considerable increase in individual growth was observed and attributed to the lower competition for food due to the reduction in the density of the overall coastal benthic-feeding fish community caused by intense fishing. The large increase in the mortality and the exploitation rate resulted in a drastic decrease in the reproductive potential despite some anticipation in the sexual maturation. Despite the adaptative response to intense fishing, the high exploitation rates and the drastic reduction of the spawning potential ratio in recent years, are clear evidences that U. canosai could be reaching its adaptive capacity for resilience. Therefore, an urgent necessity for a drastic reduction of the fishing mortality to avoid the economic collapse of the fishery is required.
Savoirs, entre éthos et pathos. Le cas de Roberto Saviano
Authors: Bacci Simone
Published: September 2022

Dans cet article nous mobiliserons la notion d’éthos discursif dans le cadre d’une analyse des stratégies syntactico-énonciatives mises en place par Roberto Saviano, journaliste expert de mafias, lorsqu’il prend la parole dans la presse et dans les réseaux sociaux. Nous voulons montrer comment Saviano transmet ses connaissances du milieux mafieux en adressant sa force persuasive en deux directions : vers soi, pour construire son image (l’éthos) et vers l’auditoire, pour susciter son émotion (le pathos).
Overcoming language barriers on the way to knowledge. Linguistic reflections on German Easy Language as a tool for barrier-free information and participation
Authors: Fuchs Julia
Published: September 2022

The present article sheds light on the interplay between texts written in standard language, knowledge, and participation and, this way, makes aware of the fact that access to (action-enabling) knowledge largely depends on language and reading skills. Against this background, the article presents the concept of German Easy Language (“Leichte Sprache”) as a tool for barrier-free information and participation for individuals with limited language and/or reading skills and reflects critically its potentials and problems from a linguistic perspective.
Les savoirs sur le langage dans les métiers du conseil en communication : quels sont-ils, que font-ils ?
Authors: Graf Sandrine
Published: September 2022

Depuis les années 2000, les professionnels du conseil revendiquent explicitement des savoirs et des compétences en ce qui concerne le « langage », quand ils parlaient, précédemment, davantage de « rédaction » ou de « récit ». Notre contrat doctoral, financé par le dispositif CIFRE au sein d’une agence de conseil, nous a amenée à considérer de près ces savoirs dont la mise en discours participe pleinement aux conditions de production des discours d’entreprise, au coeur de notre recherche. Cet article propose de revenir sur ces métadiscours pour expliquer 1) ce que sont ces savoirs et en quoi ils s’organisent en système, en idéologie, 2) comment ils influencent les pratiques professionnelles des prestataires de conseil, aussi bien au moment de la prospection de nouveaux clients qu’au cours de la mission et 3) comment cela contribue à faire valoir l’expertise des professionnels du conseil. Il s’agit, ce faisant, de montrer comment s’articulent théories du langage, pratiques professionnelles de l’écriture et statut de l’expert, et comment cela participe aux structures socioprofessionnelles et de la symbolique des discours corporate.
« Tu sais ce que tu fais » ? Quand la configuration tutorale au sein de l’entreprise soutient le développement de la pratique du tuteur débutant
Authors: Pelé-Peycelon Marine
Published: September 2022

A partir d’une enquête sur les tuteurs en entreprise débutants cette contribution s’intéresse au rôle des interactions dans le parcours d’un tuteur novice. Avec un cadre théorique ancré dans les travaux sur l’apprentissage en situation de travail, nous montrerons comment nous articulons ces travaux et notamment l’étude des interactions en formation professionnelle à l’étude des configurations (Elias, 1981) pour étudier la construction d’une pratique professionnelle. La mobilisation de la notion de « configuration » permet de proposer des analyses à plusieurs échelles, allant d’une échelle locale et bornée dans un temps court (interaction, situation) à une échelle globale et dans un temps long (environnement social). Dans un second temps, en nous appuyant sur les données produites lors d’une enquête de terrain, nous montrerons comment des configurations tutorales se sont mises en place. Enfin, nous montrerons que ces configurations créent des affordances (Billett, 2011) pour le tuteur débutant, lui permettant de construire sa propre pratique tutorale.
Enjeux relationnels de la transmission du savoir dans les interactions didactiques
Authors: Boucharechas Manon
Published: September 2022

Par cet article, je souhaite questionner les liens à travers les négociations de la relation interpersonnelle entre enseignant et apprenants et leur rapport au savoir. En réalisant une analyse interactionnelle sur un corpus constitué d’interactions didactiques enregistrées dans le cadre d’un dispositif d’accueil pour élèves allophones arrivants, j’ai pu identifier des échanges durant lesquels l’interaction didactique sort de son cadre typique. Des liens entre revendications de savoirs et revendications identitaires viennent influencer les négociations de la relation au sein de ces moments de « déritualisations », induits la plupart du temps par les apprenants. L’enseignante gère de différentes façons ces moments, selon qu’ils sont orientés vers une remise en cause du positionnement réciproque des interlocuteurs au sein de la relation interpersonnelle et/ou sur des insertions d’images de soi (ou ethè) spécifiques par rapport au savoir.
Un scénario ludo-éducatif pour l'apprentissage des langues étrangères : vers une architecture didactique pertinente
Authors: Becerra Lizandro
Published: September 2022

Notre article porte sur l’architecture didactique d’un dispositif d’apprentissage des langues étrangères. Plus précisément, il se focalise sur la conception, le développement, l'expérimentation et l’évaluation d'un scénario ludo-éducatif comme dispositif d'apprentissage de l’espagnol comme langue étrangère. Pour le concevoir, nous nous sommes intéressés au potentiel du serious game et à la perspective actionnelle. L'utilisation des serious games pour l'apprentissage des langues a fait l'objet de plusieurs recherches. Le potentiel des outils d'apprentissage des langues basés sur les serious games a été documenté en termes d'amélioration de la compréhension orale des apprenants. Nous considérons le temps d'utilisation du serious game comme une étape complémentaire de la pratique linguistique. De ce fait, nous avons conçu et développé un scénario ludo-éducatif qui intègre un serious game au sein d'une séquence scolaire actionnelle. Pour évaluer la pertinence d'un tel scénario ludo-éducatif, nous avons opté pour une évaluation de dispositifs d’apprentissage des langues étrangères de type interactionniste, parfois utilisée dans le domaine de l'apprentissage des langues assisté par ordinateur (ALAO). Sur la base des premières données, nous avons constaté que notre dispositif présente un potentiel d’apprentissage. Toutefois, nous restons prudents quant à sa pertinence.
Etude des marqueurs affectifs et axiologiques dans des sessions de coaching individuel streamees : le cas de League of Legends
Authors: Kraeber Sophie
Published: September 2022

Cet article s’intéresse aux énoncés affectifs et axiologiques dans des sessions de coaching individuel sur le jeu vidéo League of Legends diffusées en ligne, en lien avec la notion d’ajustements intersubjectifs. Nous montrons que l’acte d’évaluation s’incarne dans de nombreux types de marqueurs, à la fois lexicaux, syntaxiques et prosodiques, axiologisés en langue ou en discours. À travers une étude quantitative de ces marqueurs en fonction du degré de leur charge méliorative ou péjorative déterminée à partir d’un test de perception, nous montrons que les locuteurs de notre corpus ont chacun leur style d’évaluation. Enfin, nous proposons une analyse qualitative d’un exemple long issu du discours d’un locuteur se démarquant par la densité des marqueurs axiologiques péjoratifs utilisés, et le haut degré de péjoration de ces marqueurs, afin d’observer comment ils fonctionnent en contexte.
Co-construction du terrain commun et transmission des savoirs en situation d’interaction : etude sur un corpus d’escape game anglais
Authors: Brunet Mareva
Published: September 2022

Cette étude propose une analyse de la transmission des savoirs dans les interactions entre des joueurs d’escape game. Une attention particulière est portée sur le type de savoirs transmis et sur la répartition de ces savoirs entre les joueurs. À partir d’une analyse linguistique, nous étudions l’introduction de nouveaux référents et l’intégration de nouvelles informations aux savoirs partagés entre les locuteurs. Nos résultats démontrent que les joueurs transmettent une grande partie des informations au groupe et non à un joueur en particulier. On distingue également différents types de joueurs en fonction de la répartition des informations.
Le marquage du doute exprime-t-il vraiment l’incertitude ? Une approche énonciative, interactionnelle et multimodale de je suis pas certain
Authors: Keck Ana Claudia
Published: September 2022

Lorsque nous communiquons, nous sommes constamment confrontés au besoin d’exprimer notre degré de certitude vis-à-vis de l’information transmise. D’un point de vue linguistique, l’expression du degré de certitude est étudiée sous de multiples aspects et est désignée sous le terme de modalité épistémique (Boye, 2012). Cependant, en français, la majorité des études de corpus consacrées à l’expression du degré de certitude s’appuie sur des discours écrits. L’objectif de cet article est de proposer une analyse du marqueur d’incertitude je suis pas certain tel qu’il apparait dans un corpus de français parlé. L’analyse qualitative porte sur le contexte séquentiel, énonciatif et interactionnel de je suis pas certain. En outre, elle révèle que les locuteurs et les locutrices utilisent le marqueur de doute comme ressource pour certains effets dans l’interaction tels que ménager le positionnement épistémique, moduler la responsabilité énonciative, atténuer un énoncé dans une situation de désaccord et comme stratégie argumentative pour la gestion des faces (Brown et Levinson, 1987).
„Am wichtigsten erscheint mir das Einfühlungsvermögen“
Authors: Weiße Dagmar
Published: September 2022

Lorenz Nachtigall (hierbei handelt es sich um ein Pseudonym, der Name ist der Redaktion bekannt) erlebt seit Jahren die fortschreitende Demenz seiner Ehefrau. Wie sich dadurch die Sicht des Ehepaars auf den Alltag und die Welt verändert hat, beschreibt er in seinem Buch „Anna, Alzheimer und ich“. Im Interview mit der PPH schildert er den Alltag und die Pflege seiner Frau und gibt damit Impulse, wie psychiatrisch Pflegende demenziell erkrankte Menschen adäquat begleiten können.
Editorial
Authors: Biberschick Michael
Published: September 2022

Liebe Leserinnen, liebe Leser,

ich hoffe, es ist mir, aber v. a. meinen Autoren, wieder eine interessante
und vielseitige Ausgabe der DO gelungen. Als Mitherausgeber der DO bemühe
ich mich immer, dass sich die thematische Vielfalt der osteopathischen Themen in den
Artikeln abbildet. Denn so ist auch unser osteopathischer Alltag: Wir begegnen in
unseren Praxen Patientinnen und Patienten mit sehr vielen, ganz unterschiedlichen
Beschwerdebildern. Die Osteopathie ist meiner Meinung nach die perfekte Mischung aus
medizinischem Wissen und Können, aber auch Kunst. Ich weiß nicht,
wie es Ihnen geht, aber ich bin Osteopath aus Leidenschaft.
Offener Dialog und bedürfnisangepasste Behandlung
Authors: Rathge Ines
Published: September 2022

Können Sie sich ein demokratisches System vorstellen, in dem Menschen mit einer psychiatrischen Erkrankung Mitsprache bei ihrer eigenen Behandlung haben? Ein System, das darauf basiert, Menschen zuzuhören und mit ihnen gemeinsam ihren Genesungsweg zu gestalten? Wie das funktionieren kann, erfahren Sie im Interventionskoffer.
Lebenspraktisches Training unter Einbezug von Peers
Authors: Brötz Alexandra
Published: September 2022

Lebenspraktisches Training ist für Patienten in der Forensik essenziell, um sie erfolgreich wieder in die Gesellschaft einzugliedern. Am Pfalzklinikum wurde dazu ein neuer Weg beschritten: In Videos erläutern Peers ihren Mitpatienten Lebenspraktische Trainingsmodule. Durch dieses niederschwellige Angebot auf Augenhöhe werden die Peers in ihrem Recovery-Prozess gestärkt, Mitpatienten können sich an ihnen orientieren und Pflegende erfahren, wie sie schneller auf individuelle Bedürfnisse reagieren können.
Machtausübung in der Psychiatrie
Authors: Grundheber Felicia , Lamprecht Stefan , Junk Lukas , Erdal Jessika
Published: September 2022

Wie schätzen Pflegende die Machtausübung in der Psychiatrie ein? Und wie würden sie es empfinden, wenn sie selbst Patient wären und ihre Selbstbestimmung eingeschränkt würde? Eine Studie liefert Antworten und gibt Anregungen, wie die Machtlosigkeit von Patienten im Pflegealltag reduziert werden kann.
Das Gezeitenmodell in der pflegerischen Praxis – Einführung in das ganzheitliche Assessment
Authors: Deglmann Astrid , Jüngermann Bianca , Kirchhof Johannes
Published: September 2022

Das ganzheitliche Assessment ist ein Leitfadeninterview, mit dem sich der Patient seine Problematik vergegenwärtigen kann. Er erkundet sich quasi selbst, indem er seine Entwicklung schildert. Damit steht Pflegenden eine Intervention zur Verfügung, die schon zu einem frühen Zeitpunkt der Behandlung wirksam ist und Hoffnung beim Patienten keimen lässt.
Rettungsschirm fürs Team
Authors: Holtschmidt Ilona
Published: September 2022

Resilienz ist die Fähigkeit, Schwierigkeiten und Herausforderungen zu meistern und bestenfalls daran zu wachsen. Diese Fähigkeit besitzen nicht nur Individuen, sondern auch Teams und Organisationen können sie erlernen, um für stürmische Zeiten vorbereitet zu sein.
Aspekte der kieferorthopädischen Behandlung erwachsener
Patienten: Interdisziplinäre Aufgaben mit ästhetischen
Apparaturen
Authors: Meyer Philipp , Jacobs Collin
Published: September 2022

Die kieferorthopädische Behandlung erwachsener Patienten nimmt stetig zu.
Präprothetische Indikationsstellungen, parodontal vorgeschädigte
Gebisse, aber auch Behandlungen nach Rezidiv, die beispielsweise mit dem
„X-Effekt“ einhergehen, werden Teil des täglichen
Patientenaufkommens der Kieferorthopädie. CMD-Problematiken mit einer
langen Patientengeschichte und ausgeprägte Dysgnathien, die neben der
Kieferorthopädie noch andere medizinische Fachrichtungen
benötigen, um ein erfolgreiches Ergebnis zu erzielen, runden das
Spektrum der Erwachsenenbehandlung ab. Aufgrund der komplexen Anamnese dieser
Patientengruppe ist eine Grundkenntnis über verschiedene Fachrichtungen
von Vorteil, um sich interdisziplinär austauschen zu können und
einen individuellen Therapieansatz wählen zu können. Zum
individuellen Therapieansatz gehören auch die modernen Apparaturen und
Behandlungsmöglichkeiten, welche die Kieferorthopädie heutzutage
bereichern. Konventionelle Multibracketapparaturen, Aligner und
individualisierte linguale Apparaturen können je nach Anamnese gewisse
Vorteile mit sich bringen, die der Kieferorthopäde kennen und anwenden
sollte. Die Digitalisierung ist auch in unserem Fachgebiet soweit, dass die
Vorteile immer mehr an Bedeutung gewinnen und die interdisziplinäre
Zusammenarbeit immer digitaler und präziser werden kann. Dieser Artikel
soll einen kleinen Einblick in die Möglichkeiten der modernen
Kieferorthopädie im Rahmen der Erwachsenenbehandlung geben.
Biomechanik: Was hat sich geändert?
Authors: Verna Carlalberta
Published: September 2022

Um die Effektivität kieferorthopädischer Behandlungen in Hinblick
auf die Behandlungsdauer und die Ästhetik der verwendeten Apparaturen zu
verbessern, sind unterschiedliche Geräte und Verfahren entwickelt
worden.

Durch die Einführung der skelettalen Verankerung hat sich die
biomechanische Effektivität deutlich verbessert. Bei Verfahren, welche
die biologische Antwort des Patienten beeinflussen, scheint die Kortikotomie mit
oder ohne Knochenaufbau und Weichgewebetransplantation eher in Bezug auf die
Qualität, als auf die Geschwindigkeit von Zahnbewegungen am
vielversprechendsten zu sein. Eine Finite Elemente-Studie konnte zeigen, dass
sich eine Translationsbewegung nach der Veränderung der Knochendichte
schneller und länger durchführen lässt. Im Zusammenhang
mit unsichtbaren bzw. weniger sichtbaren Apparaturen ist die Biomechanik im
Rahmen der Lingualtherapie bei der Kontrolle der Inklination der unteren
Schneidezähne sowohl bei Jump Bite-Geräten und bei der
Retraktion überlegen. Der Enthusiasmus, mit dem die Aligner-Therapie
eingeführt worden ist, hat inzwischen nachgelassen. Es ist klar
geworden, dass diese Art der Behandlung bei einigen Zahnbewegungen nicht die
biomechanischen Vorteile bieten kann, die festsitzende Geräte
auszeichnen. Für einfachere Zahnbewegungen sind sie jedoch geeignet und
hier besonders bei der hybriden Behandlung, bei der die biomechanischen Vorteile
festsitzender Geräte mit den ästhetischen Vorteilen der Aligner
kombiniert werden.
Das Implantat im kieferorthopädischen Kontext – die
Agenesie in der Frontzahnregion
Authors: Nikolaus Fürhauser , Rudolf Fürhauser
Published: September 2022

Agenesien von bleibenden Zähnen werden mit einer Prävalenz von
bis zu 8% der Bevölkerung angegeben und Agenesien der lateralen
Schneidzähne sind am dritthäufigsten betroffen. Die wichtige
Frage für den behandelnden Kieferorthopäden ist, ob ein
Lückenschluss oder eine Lückenöffnung als
Therapiekonzept gewählt wird. Die Tendenz in der Literatur geht ganz
deutlich Richtung Lückenschluss, was bei Vorliegen einer Klasse
II-Relation oder bei Platzmangel als typische Option gewählt wird.
Jedoch entsteht der Eindruck, dass auch massive Zahnbewegungen mit Gefahr von
Wurzelresorptionen in Kauf genommen werden, um den Lückenschluss als
Vermeidung von prothetischer Versorgung umzusetzen. Aus historischer Sicht
betrachtet waren die Erfolgsraten und die ästhetischen Ergebnisse der
Prothetik nicht immer zufriedenstellend. Der vorliegende Artikel soll die
modernen und aktuellen Behandlungsoptionen zur Lückenversorgung vom
navigierten Implantat bis zur einflügeligen
Zirkonoxid-Klebebrücke darstellen. Das Thema der Milchzahnpersistenz im
Frontzahngebiet mit wird ebenfalls beleuchtet.
Unravelling the Chemotaxonomic Identity of “White” and “Black” Oregano (Origanum vulgare) in Northern Greece
Authors: Mertzanidis Dimitrios , Nakas Alexandros , Assimopoulou Andreana N. , Kokkini Stella
Published: September 2022

The two types of oregano used by the inhabitants of the villages of Μount Belles (GR1260001), the “white” oregano with white flowers and “black” oregano with purple flowers, were studied.
The two oregano types were collected from five localities along an altitudinal gradient from 217 m up to 1299 m. “White” oregano, was found in the three lowland regions (up to 752 m) where
the Pannonian-Balkanic turkey oak-sessile oak forest habitat (code 91M0) dominates. The “black” oregano was collected from the two higher altitudes, at 1177 m and 1299 m, where the
Asperulo-Fagetum beech forest habitat (9130) occurs. Measurements of the density and size of peltate glandular hairs (sessile glands) on calyces, bracts, and leaves suggest that
“white” oregano is distinguished by its conspicuous – apparently larger – glands. These differences were reflected in the total essential oil content, with the “white” oregano being much
richer (up to 4.3 mL/100 g dry weight) than the “black” (up to 0.6%). Striking differences have also been found in the volatile fraction of their essential oil composition. The “white”
oregano oils were characterized by the high content of carvacrol (up to 92.6% of identified peaks, by Headspace GC-MS). On the other hand, the two “black” oregano oils have a different
aromatic profile, first reported from Greece, with main components including the sesquiterpenes β-caryophyllene, D-germacrene, δ-cadinene and β-bisabolene. The results
so far indicate that “white” and “black” oregano, Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum and subsp. vulgare respectively, can be clearly distinguished either by their
morphological (glandular) differences or by chemical (essential oil) composition.
DAST-Mediated Fluorination of 1-[4-Thio-β-d-arabinofuranosyl]uracil: Investigation of Thiolane vs Thietane Formation and Stereoselective Synthesis of 4′-ThioFAC
Authors: Haraguchi Kazuhiro , Hannda Noyori , Wakasugi Mizuki , Maruyama Madoka , Ishii Hirokazu , Nagano Daisuke , Kumamoto Hiroki
Published: September 2022

The unprecedented DAST-mediated (DAST = diethylaminosulfur trifluoride) deoxygenative fluorination of benzoyl-, TBDPS-, and Bn-protected 1-(β-d-4-thioarabinofuranosyl)uracil at the sugar portion was examined. Three kinds of nucleoside (Ns) products were formed: target thiolane Ns, ring-contracted thietane Ns, and anhydro Ns products. The reaction pathway was determined by the electronic effect of the protecting groups at the sugar and base moieties. The benzoylated uracil starting material gave the 2,2′-anhydronucleoside (anhydro Ns) as a major product, whereas the silylated and benzylated starting materials furnished the corresponding fluorinated products, in which the ring-contracted thietanes predominantly formed. The desired thiolane Ns could be obtained as major product by the addition of a pyridine derivative as an additive. Upon reacting N
3-benzoylated 1-(β-d-4-thioarabinofuranosyl)uracil with DAST in the presence of 2,4,6-collidine, the target 2′-deoxy-2′-β-fluoro-4′-thiouracil nucleoside could be obtained in 72% isolated yield along with the corresponding thietane Ns (7%) and anhydro Ns (3%) (thiolane Ns/thietane Ns/anhydro Ns = 10.3:1.00:0.43), with recovery of the starting material (12%). In this study, the first stereoselective synthesis of the β-anomer of 1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-4-thio-β-d-arabino-pentofuranosyl)cytosine (4′-thioFAC) has been developed.
Attitudes To and Uptake of Repertory Software in Homeopathy Clinical Practice—Results of an International Survey
Authors: Gray Alastair C. , Pracjek Parker , Straiges Denise
Published: September 2022

Background Despite the substantial size of the maturing complementary medicine (CM) industry, the technologies used by practitioners have received little research attention. In the clinical delivery of homeopathy services, repertory software can be employed to cross-reference client symptoms with numerous databases, making the process of seeking a clinical intervention quicker and more accurate. The purpose of the study is to learn about the quantitative patterns of usage, uptake and attitudes to repertory software amongst professional homeopaths.

Methods An online cross-sectional survey of 15 questions was completed by practicing professional homeopaths between August 2016 and May 2017, using non-probability snowball sampling. Questions gathered demographic information, reflections and attitudes on the use of electronic repertories in clinical homeopathy practice.

Results In total, 59% of respondents reported using software regularly in practice and 71% found that it adds clear value in their work. Sixty-eight percent of respondents learned about repertory software during homeopathy training, and 47% were introduced to software when they began clinical practice. Lack of sufficient training is a very important barrier to the use of repertory software, indicating that more robust and accessible software training is needed for practitioners. Many respondents agreed with a statement that repertory software represents good value for money and yet 46% agreed that it is cost prohibitive for most practitioners, signaling a challenge for software companies. Few respondents reported regularly using more than three of the most common repertory features.

Conclusion This preliminary study presents some potentially significant uptake, usage and attitude markers that stand to shed light on the practice of homeopathy and the place of emerging technologies such as repertory software. Ultimately, more research is needed to help identify and address the challenges, risks and tensions around integration of practice-enhancing technologies in CM educational and clinical settings to best serve the diverse and changing needs of practitioners.
Eliminating and reversing tumor growths with light-activated nanoparticles
Authors: Lim Alane
Published: September 2022

Technique combines light-activated nanoparticles with immunotherapy to improve outcomes in mice tumors.
Dynamics of implosion phase of modified plasma focus studied via laser interferometry and electrical measurements
Authors: Malir J. , Klir D. , Cikhardt J. , Kravarik J. , Kubes P. , Munzar V. , Novotny J. , Rezac K. , Paduch M.
Published: September 2022

Dynamics of the implosion of the dense plasma focus play an essential role in converting electrical energy into the kinetic energy of the current sheath and subsequent production of accelerated electrons, ions, hard X-ray, and neutron emission. This paper presents the analysis of the implosion parameters, such as the implosion velocity and imploding mass, coupled with electrical parameters observed on the PF-1000 facility with a modified electrode system. The first two parameters are based on the 16-frame Mach–Zehnder interferometer, which provides the spatial distribution of electron density in a time sequence. Measurement of the total current, current derivative, and voltage enables us to evaluate the total inductance and kinetic energy driven by the capacitor bank. Then comparing the inductances and kinetic energies evaluated from the interferograms and electrical waveforms can provide more precise information on the current flowing in the imploding sheath. We present a possible way to deal with the fact that only part of the total current flows through the imploding layer. With the supposition that the rest of the current flows close to the insulator, we conclude that roughly 70% of the total current flows through the pinch, which is in good agreement with an input parameter of the Lee model, for example.
Role of neutron attenuators for gamma-ray measurements in deuterium–tritium magnetic confinement plasmas
Authors: Rigamonti D. , Dal Molin A. , Gorini G. , Marcer G. , Nocente M. , Rebai M. , Craciunescu T. , Ghani Z. , Kiptily V. , Maslov M. , Shevelev A. , Zohar A. , Tardocchi M. ,   JET Contributors
Published: September 2022

The Joint European Torus (JET) is the only tokamak in the world able to operate in Deuterium–Tritium (DT) plasmas. A successful DT experimental campaign, the DTE2, has recently been carried out, providing unique opportunities for studying both physics and technological aspects. In particular, it allowed us to investigate and benchmark the solutions adopted to attenuate the significant 14 MeV neutron flux, needed to enable high-resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy measurements on a tokamak. While in inertial confinement experiments, gamma-rays and neutrons are discriminated through time-of-flight techniques; in magnetic confinement experiments, the neutron attenuators are a key element to allow gamma-ray measurements in order to reestablish the 1 × 105 to 1 background to signal ratio. In this paper, the role of the reference neutron attenuators at JET, based on LiH, has been analyzed and described.
Mapping out the glassy landscape of a mesoscopic elastoplastic model
Authors: Kumar D. , Patinet S. , Maloney C. E. , Regev I. , Vandembroucq D. , Mungan M.
Published: September 2022

We develop a mesoscopic model to study the plastic behavior of an amorphous material under cyclic loading. The model is depinning-like and driven by a disordered thresholds dynamics that is coupled by long-range elastic interactions. We propose a simple protocol of “glass preparation” that allows us to mimic thermalization at high temperatures as well as aging at vanishing temperature. Various levels of glass stabilities (from brittle to ductile) can be achieved by tuning the aging duration. The aged glasses are then immersed into a quenched disorder landscape and serve as initial configurations for various protocols of mechanical loading by shearing. The dependence of the plastic behavior upon monotonous loading is recovered. The behavior under cyclic loading is studied for different ages and system sizes. The size and age dependence of the irreversibility transition is discussed. A thorough characterization of the disorder-landscape is achieved through the analysis of the transition graphs, which describe the plastic deformation pathways under athermal quasi-static shear. In particular, the analysis of the stability ranges of the strongly connected components of the transition graphs reveals the emergence of a phase-separation like process associated with the aging of the glass. Increasing the age and, hence, the stability of the initial glass results in a gradual break-up of the landscape of dynamically accessible stable states into three distinct regions: one region centered around the initially prepared glass phase and two additional regions characterized by well-separated ranges of positive and negative plastic strains, each of which is accessible only from the initial glass phase by passing through the stress peak in the forward and backward, respectively, shearing directions.
Random 2D nanowire networks: Finite-size effect and the effect of busbar/nanowire contact resistance on their electrical conductivity
Authors: Tarasevich Yuri Yu. , Eserkepov Andrei V. , Vodolazskaya Irina V.
Published: September 2022

We have studied the resistance of two-dimensional random percolating networks of zero-width metallic nanowires (rings or sticks). We took into account the nanowire resistance per unit length, the junction (nanowire/nanowire contact) resistance, and the busbar/nanowire contact resistance. Using a mean-field approximation (MFA), we derived the total resistance of the nanoring-based networks as a function of their geometrical and physical parameters. We have proposed a way of accounting for the contribution of the busbar/nanowire contact resistance toward the network resistance. The MFA predictions have been confirmed by our Monte Carlo numerical simulations. Our study evidenced that the busbar/nanowire contact resistance has a significant effect on the electrical conductivity when the junction resistance dominates over the wire resistance.
Determination of spectroscopic constants from rovibrational configuration interaction calculations
Authors: Dinu Dennis F. , Tschöpe Martin , Schröder Benjamin , Liedl Klaus R. , Rauhut Guntram
Published: September 2022

Rotational constants and centrifugal distortion constants of a molecule are the essence of its rotational or rovibrational spectrum (e.g., from microwave, millimeter wave, and infrared experiments). These parameters condense the spectroscopic characteristics of a molecule and, thus, are a valuable resource in terms of presenting and communicating spectroscopic observations. While spectroscopic parameters are obtained from experimental spectra by fitting an effective rovibrational Hamiltonian to transition frequencies, the ab initio calculation of these parameters is usually done within vibrational perturbation theory. In the present work, we investigate an approach related to the experimental fitting procedure, but relying solely on ab initio data obtained from variational calculations, i.e., we perform a nonlinear least squares fit of Watson’s A- and S-reduced rotation–vibration Hamiltonian to rovibrational state energies (resp. transition frequencies) from rotational–vibrational configuration interaction calculations. We include up to sextic centrifugal distortion constants. By relying on an educated guess of spectroscopic parameters from vibrational configuration interaction and vibrational perturbation theory, the fitting procedure is very efficient. We observe excellent agreement with experimentally derived parameters.
Vestibulo-spinal reflex tests to determine unilateral vestibular loss
Authors: Akis Esma , Gurses Emre , Aksoy Songul
Published: September 2022

Objective

The purpose of this study was to investigate subjective vestibulo-spinal reflex test sensitivity in subjects with unilateral vestibular loss.

Method

Forty subjects diagnosed with UVL within 7 days of onset and 30 subjects without dizziness/balance disorder complaints were included in the study as the unilateral vestibular loss and control groups (70 subjects aged 18–60 years [mean: 42.95 ± 10.82]). Bithermal caloric test, Fukuda, Babinski Weil, tandem walking, and past pointing tests were performed. The subjective VSR tests’ sensitivities were compared among the various methods.

Results

The Fukuda test was determined to have the highest sensitivity value (65%; kappa coefficient: 0.352). The sensitivity values of the other tests, in descending order, are: Babinski Weil (55%, Kappa coefficient: 0.274), tandem walking (10%, Kappa coefficient: 0.022), and past pointing (2.5%, Kappa coefficient: −0.014). A positive moderate correlation was obtained between canal paresis asymmetry and Fukuda deviation degree (p = 0.009, r = 0.407). There was no correlation between Babinski Weil (p = 0.619), tandem walking (p = 0.538), and past pointing test results and canal paresis asymmetry (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

Fukuda and Babinski Weil tests can be used under conditions where all subjective tests are not performed because of limited time. However, these tests must be used alongside objective vestibular test batteries owing to their limited specificity and sensitivity.
Report on APMP key comparison: calibration of line scale (APMP.L-K7)
Authors: Telada Souichi , Kajima Mariko , Lai Cynthia , Tonmueanwai Anusorn , Cox Peter , Chiu Henry , Tang George , Kruger Oelof , Greeff Pieter , Salgado José , Elfström Jan , Bergstrand Sten , Costa Pedro Bastos , Barros Wellington Santos , Rossellino Alejandro Acquarone , Tsai Chin-Lung , Anh Ngo Ngoc , Xiangbing Liu , Al-Kafri Adel , Eom Taebong
Published: September 2022

Main text

A regional key comparison on calibration of a line scale, APMP.L-K7 was conducted. KRISS acted as the pilot laboratory, and a total of 15 National Metrology Institutes, (10 from APMP, 3 from EURAMET, 1 from SIM, and 1 from AFRIMETS) have participated in this comparison, where a 500 mm line scale made of low thermal expansion material was circulated during the period from April 2015 to December 2016. This document presents the approved report of the results of this comparison.

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCL, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Temperature and size modulation of the lattice thermal expansion on transition metallic nanostructures
Authors: Zhu Min , Liu Jin , Huang Qiang , Dong Jiansheng , Yang Xuexian
Published: September 2022

By combining the bond-order-length-strength theory, local bond average approach and core–shell model, a new analytical method for temperature- and size-dependent thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) of transition metallic nanostructures has been established. It shows that both cohesive energy and cubic Debye temperature are inversely proportional to the TEC in the crystalline materials, that both cohesive energy and Debye temperature decrease with the reduction in size, which leads to the size effect of TEC, and the bond nature parameter modulate the intensity of size-dependent TEC. In agreement with the measurements, the Debye temperature, rigidity factor and bond nature parameter for 12 kinds of transition metals were quantitatively obtained. The present new analytical method for thermal properties of transition metals is simple and accurate, which is beyond the scope of existing methods in thermal-modulation and -management of nano-photoelectronic devices.
Ferroelectric-gated MoSe2 photodetectors with high photoresponsivity
Authors: Yan Qijie , Cheng Jiaxin , Wang Weike , Sun Mengjiao , Yin Yanling , Peng Yuehua , Zhou Weichang , Tang Dongsheng
Published: September 2022

Ferroelectric transistors with semiconductors as the channel material and ferroelectrics as the gate insulator have potential applications in nanoelectronics. We report in-situ modulation of optoelectronic properties of MoSe2 thin flakes on ferroelectric 0.7PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3–0.3PbTiO3 (PMN-PT). Under the excitation of 638 nm laser, the photoresponsivity can be greatly boosted to 59.8 A W−1 and the detectivity to 3.2 × 1010 Jones, with the improvement rates of about 1500% and 450%, respectively. These results suggest hybrid structure photodetector of two-dimensional layered material and ferroelectric has great application prospects in photoelectric detector.
Seismocardiography as a tool for assessment of bi-ventricular pacing
Authors: Sørensen Kasper , Søgaard Peter , Emerek Kasper , Schou Jensen Ask , Struijk Johannes Jan , Schmidt Samuel Emil
Published: September 2022

Objective. Conduction-induced heart failure in patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB) can benefit from cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). However, some patients are non-responders to the therapy with one contributing factor being poor optimization of the atrioventricular (AV) pacing delay. In this study, we have investigated the pacing-induced changes in the seismocardiogram (SCG). Approach. 14 patients with heart failure, LBBB, and CRT were included. SCG was recorded with pacing turned on and off. Based on a mean SCG heartbeat from each patient, fiducial points were annotated, and cardiac timing intervals (CTI) and amplitudes were derived. These were compared between the CRT group and a group of healthy normal subjects (n = 14). Echocardiography was also used to derive CTI. Intervals derived from the SCG and echocardiogram were correlated. Main results. The isovolumetric contraction time (IVCT) derived from SCG was significantly shorter in the CRT group when the pacemaker was turned on (63.2–52.6 ms, p = 0.027). The first peak-to-peak amplitude in the systolic complex was significantly larger with the pacemaker turned on (p = 0.002), as well as the ∣max-min∣ amplitude in the systolic complex (p = 0.003). Isovolumetric relaxation time and left ventricular ejection time (LVET) were not significantly different between pacemaker settings. Compared to normal subjects, IVCT was significantly prolonged with the pacemaker turned off. All amplitudes were significantly larger in the healthy subject group. IVCT and LVET derived from SCG were significantly correlated to the echocardiogram. Significance. IVCT shortened and SCG amplitudes increased in response to CRT, indicating a more efficient ventricular contraction. This demonstrates the possibility to detect cardio-mechanic changes in response to treatment with the SCG. However, for the patients the systolic part of the SCG was abnormal and difficult to characterize, raising concerns about the correct interpretation of the SCG.
Modeling of the

N2+

ion in cold helium plasma: dynamics of

N2+/He

collisions and cross-sections
Authors: Paláček S , Beseda M , Kalus R , Benhenni M , Gadéa F X , Leininger T , Yousfi M
Published: September 2022

A detailed dynamical study is presented for

N

2

+

/He collisions running in the electronic ground state of the collision complex. Hybrid, quantum–classical dynamical calculations have been performed considering a broad range of collision energies (E
coll = 0.01–100 eV) and various initial rotational–vibrational excitations of the

N

2

+

ion. Both non-reactive and reactive (

N

2

+

collision-induced dissociation) cross-sections have been calculated with the momentum-transfer approximation applied to the former ones. A thorough comparison with pseudo-experimental data obtained from mobility measurements reported in the literature via an inverse-method approach has been performed and the effect of the rotational alignment of the

N

2

+

ion on calculated cross-sections has been assessed and analyzed.
Phase diagrams for two-component D-wave fermion superfluids with density imbalance
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wang Jibiao , Shang Xinle , Gao Yuan
Published: September 2022

Finite-temperature phase structures for asymmetric two-component D-wave fermion superfluids in the weak coupling BCS regime are investigated. The Fulde–Ferrell–Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state becomes non-degenerate with the orientation of Cooper pair momentum due to the anisotropic pairing gap for D-wave pairing. The new parameter θ
0, corresponding to the orientation of Cooper pair momentum, greatly enriches the phase structures. Especially, the phase separation (PS) region in the phase diagram is significantly reduced comparing to that for S-wave pairing. Theoretically, the stability condition of solutions is equivalent to the positive definite Hessian matrix of free energy in the hyperplane defined by the number density constraints in the parameter space spanned by the average chemical potential μ, relative chemical potential h, paring gap Δ, pair momentum q, and θ
0. In addition, the stability condition of the superfluid density is essentially included in the positive definite Hessian matrix. Moreover, the positiveness of imbalance number susceptibility

D
δ
ρ
/
D
h

is always equivalent to the positiveness of the smaller eigenvalue λ
− of the number susceptibility matrix. While the criteria ∂2Ω/∂Δ2 and

∂

2

Ω

∂

Δ

2

∂

2

Ω

∂

q

2

−

∂

2

Ω

∂
Δ
∂
q

2

against PS in previous studies are equivalent to λ
− only under the prerequisite that the solution is a local minimum in the corresponding hyperplane.
Deep learning method for testing the cosmic distance duality relation*
Authors: Tang Li , Lin Hai-Nan , Liu Liang
Published: September 2022

The cosmic distance duality relation (DDR) is constrained by a combination of type-Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) and strong gravitational lensing (SGL) systems using the deep learning method. To make use of the full SGL data, we reconstruct the luminosity distance from SNe Ia up to the highest redshift of SGL using deep learning, and then, this luminosity distance is compared with the angular diameter distance obtained from SGL. Considering the influence of the lens mass profile, we constrain the possible violation of the DDR in three lens mass models. The results show that, in the singular isothermal sphere and extended power-law models, the DDR is violated at a high confidence level, with the violation parameter

and

, respectively. In the power-law model, however, the DDR is verified within a 1σ confidence level, with the violation parameter

. Our results demonstrate that the constraints on the DDR strongly depend on the lens mass models. Given a specific lens mass model, the DDR can be constrained at a precision of

using deep learning.