bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF SPEED EFFECT OF VEHICLES ON ASPHALT PAVEMENT
Authors: Khan M. Imran , Ullah Hanif , Khan Kamran M. , Khan Kafayatullah , Arifuzzaman Md.
Published: March 2020

The main objective of this study was to investigate the speed effect of vehicles on the Hot Mix Asphalt. These effects were determined in terms of permanent deformation (rutting) and cracking since they are the major distresses in flexible pavement, which are caused due to overloading, speed of vehicles and high temperature variation. In this study, a total of 12 samples were prepared by Marshal Compactor. The Uni-axial repeated creep tests were carryout using a Universal Testing Machine (UTM-5P). The testing were done on asphalt samples for loading pulse period duration of 1,500 ms and pulse width of 200 ms (0.2 sec), 400 ms (0.4 sec), 600 ms (0.6 sec), 800 ms (0.8 sec), 1000 ms (1 sec) and 1,200 ms (1.2 sec). Two replicate samples were tested under each pulse width. The temperature was kept constant for all the samples, which was 40ºC. It was observed that with the increase in pulse width (i.e. loading time) the resilient modulus decreases. This is due to asphalt concrete behavior as visco-elastic material; which behaves like the elastic material at fast moving loads and then behaves like viscous material at slow moving loads. Hence increment in vehicle speed causes the pavement failure pre-maturely. Similarly, with the increase in pulse width the accumulated strain increases, which indicates that the low speed vehicles cause permanent deformation (rutting) to asphalt pavements.
Introduction
Authors: Hampton Cathy , Hall Damien , Salin Sandra
Published: March 2020

The Year Abroad (YA) is, dare we say, a different order of experience from most years at university. It involves leaving the familiar structures in which a student has studied for (usually) two years to go and live in one or more foreign countries where a language of study is spoken. Students on a YA from a UK university can usually choose to study at a partner university, or work in an approved work placement, including an English-language assistantship. Undertaking these activities can be variously exhilarating and difficult for many students – and the range of possibilities means that the organisation of the YA presents diverse challenges and opportunities for both students and staff...
Preparation for the year abroad in the second-year language module at the University of Manchester
Authors: Franc Catherine
Published: March 2020

Every year, around 120 students of French at the University of Manchester (UoM) prepare to go on their compulsory Year Abroad (YA). They are free to choose between different options: studying in France and the French-speaking world, working in diverse sectors throughout the French-speaking world, or becoming a language assistant. This wealth of choice can make pre-departure decisions difficult. Furthermore, once students are abroad, there seems to be a gap between their expectations and the reality of living abroad. This can result in anxiety and a lack of engagement with the target culture and language. This chapter presents the ways in which the Department of French Studies at UoM is helping students prepare for the YA by including specific activities and topics in its language module curriculum. It first examines the issues students encounter before and during their YA, then the solutions that have been implemented, and finally the impact of this programme.
The Cardiff University buddy scheme: how to prepare outgoing students using the experience of the year abroad and final-year students
Authors: Pérez Nieto Nazaret , Nebot Nadia
Published: March 2020

This article describes the extra support required for outgoing students on their Year Abroad (YA) journey. It highlights the increasing need for and relevance of peer mentoring of YA students in preparing them to deal with different structures and organisations where external support might be insufficient or even non-existent. It also outlines different approaches to establishing relationships with allocated ‘buddies’. It finally identifies the outcomes and benefits of the project, including personal development for all students involved in the scheme.
Guarding the Guardians: Fictional Representation of Manipulated and Fake News in Graham Greene’s Work
Authors: Jiménez Beatriz Valverde , Pérez-Escolar Marta
Published: March 2020

Drawing upon mass communication theories, concretely Walter Lippman’s theory of stereotypes, Erving Goffman’s theory of frames, and Jean Baudrillard’s theory of simulacra and simulation, we examine the fictional representation of manipulated and fake news in three novels by Graham Greene, Stamboul Train (1932), The Quiet American (1955), and A Burnt-Out Case (1960). In this paper, within the frame of one of the key concepts in his work, the ‘virtue of disloyalty’, we argue that Greene’s fictional representation of journalism (mal)practice constitutes a piece of grit in the machinery of the western press, questioning the political and cultural dominant discourse conveyed to the public. In this line, Greene’s literary representations of the journalistic practice can be read as indicators (and, in turn, shapers) of the western culture’s prevailing perceptions of the reported news and the professionals that convey the facts to a general public. With his fictional representation of the profession of journalism, Greene makes readers aware of the way information can be manipulated and the necessity of developing a critical mind concerning the news and how they are conveyed through the media.
The Contemporary South African Trauma Novel: Michiel Heyns’Lost Ground(2011) and Marlene van Niekerk’sThe Way of the Women(2008)
Authors: Mengel Ewald
Published: March 2020

After the end of apartheid in 1990 and the new constitution of 1994, the genre of the contemporary South African novel is experiencing a heyday. One reason for this is that, with the end of censorship, the authors can go about unrestraint to take a critical look at the traumatized country and the state of a nation that shows a great need to come to terms with its past. In this context, trauma and narration prove to be a fertile combination, an observation that stands in marked contrast to the deconstructionist view of trauma as ‘unclaimed’ experience and the inability to speak about it.

Michiel Heyns’Lost Ground(2011) and Marlene van Niekerk’sThe Way of the Women(2008) are prime examples of the contemporary South African trauma novel. As crime fiction,Lost Groundnot only tells a thrilling story but is also deeply involved in South African politics. The novelist Heyns plays with postmodernist structures, but the real strength of the novel lies in its realistic milieu description and the analysis of the protagonist’s traumatic ‘entanglements’.The Way of the Womenis mainly a farm novel but also shows elements of the historical novel and the marriage novel. It continues the process of the deconstruction of the farm as a former symbol of the Afrikaner’s pride and glory. Both novels’ meta-fictional self-reflections betray the self-consciousness of their authors who are aware of the symbolization compulsions in a traumatized country. They use narrative as a means of ‘working through’, coming to terms with trauma, and achieving reconciliation. Both novels’ complex narrative structures may be read as symbolic expressions of traumatic ‘entanglements’ that lie at the heart of the South African dilemma.
The impact of communication models of public relations and organization–public relationships on company credibility and financial performance
Authors: Vlahović Marko , Nikolić Milan , Ivaniš Marko , Tasić Ivan , Terek Edit
Published: March 2020

The paper presents the results of the study of the impact and effects of communication models of public relations and organization–public relationships on company credibility and financial performance in companies in Serbia. The data were obtained by interviewing 415 respondents (PR managers, PR practitioners and marketing experts) working in 93 companies in Serbia. The dimensions of the organization–public relationships have stronger positive influences and effects on company credibility and financial performance than the dimensions of communication models of public relations. The influence of the dimensions of trust, commitment, satisfaction and communal relationship is particularly emphasized. Of the four communication models, the strongest positive impact on company credibility and financial performance is achieved by the two-way symmetrical dimension, and then the two-way asymmetrical dimension. The dimensions of communication models of public relations and organization–public relationships have the greatest influence and predictive effect on the dimension of trustworthiness, followed by the dimension of expertise, and finally the dimension of financial performance. Therefore, a greater impact exists on company credibility than on financial performance.
Reflections on the EU Third Country Regime for Capital Markets in the Shadow of Brexit
Authors: Moloney Niamh
Published: March 2020

This article considers the recent evolution of the EU’s third country regime for capital market access in light of Brexit, the important series of legislative reforms adopted in March 2019 as the 2014-2019 European Parliament/Commission term closed, and the emergence of the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) as a material technocratic influence. The article suggests that while the capital market third country regime is changing (with Brexit a key but not exclusive driver of change), it is not being radically recast, although it is tightening. The regime remains broadly based on the more-or-less liberal ‘deference’ model which has long characterised EU third-country financial services policy. But it is becoming increasingly ‘on-shored’ by means of the direct application of EU rules and by ESMA’s oversight/supervision of certain third country actors. The significantly more restrictive approach being taken to third country central clearing counterparties is a marked development, but here the political and economic context is distinct. The implications of the overall shift towards a more ‘on-shore’, centralised, and potentially restrictive access regime are considered, and a modest reform prescription is offered.
Regulatory Cooperation in Securities Market Regulation: Perspectives from Australia
Authors: Hill Jennifer G.
Published: March 2020

The global financial crisis highlighted the interconnectedness of international financial markets and the risk of contagion it posed. The crisis also emphasized the importance of supranational regulation and regulatory cooperation to address that risk. Yet, although capital flows are global, securities regulation is not. As a 2019 report by IOSCO notes, the regulatory challenges revealed during the global financial crisis have by no means dissipated over the last decade. Lack of international standards, or differences in the way jurisdictions implement such standards, can often result in regulatory-driven market fragmentation. This article considers a range of cooperative techniques designed to achieve international regulatory harmonization and effective financial market supervision. It includes discussion of a high profile cross-border supervisory experiment, the 2008 US-Australian Mutual Recognition Agreement, which was the first agreement of its kind for the SEC. The article also examines some key regulatory developments in Australia and Asia since the time of the US-Australian Mutual Recognition Agreement.
Using Participatory Action Research to Explore the Nursing Academic Work Environment
Authors: Ruth-Sahd Lisa A. , Beyer Norma H.
Published: March 2020

Aim

Engage faculty in conversations about their work environment to identify perceptions of their academic work environment (AWE) over a three-year period.

Background

Research pertaining to the clinical work environment is prevalent, however there is a paucity of research investigating the nursing AWE.

Method

Fifteen faculty were interviewed and involved with a participatory action research (PAR) study.

Results

Faculty identified four themes: (1) faculty need to be engaged in defining healthy work environments (HWEs); (2) faculty identified challenges in developing and maintaining a HWE; (3) “time and space” are required to focus on HWE; and (4) respect for colleagues and care of self are essential for maintaining a HWE.

Conclusions

This study identified characteristics of an AWE. It adds to the existing literature on HWE by including the academic setting. The study findings contributes to nurse educator workforce development by providing practical information for nursing educators, academic administrators, and faculty preceptors. Many future recommendations will continue to add to this body of literature.
Patch use and site selection by a rock hyrax (Procavia capensis) in a human-dominated landscape in the West Bank of Palestine
Authors: Salah Ikram , Khalilieh Anton , Kotler Burt
Published: March 2020

Populations of rock hyraxes (Procavia capensis) increasingly occur in urbanizing areas of the Palestinian West Bank, and throughout the Middle East, in part due to construction methods that create rock piles that shelter hyraxes. We quantified activity densities of the hyraxes, environmental variables, and plant cover at four sites that differ in urbanization. The highest numbers occurred in the most urban site and peaked in June and October, with hyraxes traveling farther distances from their dens late in the season (October). Sites with higher activity densities of hyraxes had higher vapor pressures, signifying more mesic conditions. Thus, urbanization aids the expansion of hyraxes.
Back Home and Back to Nature? Natural Parenting and Religion in Francophone Contexts
Authors: Guignard Florence Pasche
Published: March 2020

New entanglements between parenting (in theory and practice), environmentalism, religion, spirituality, and secularism are at the core of the analysis presented in this article. In francophone contexts, discourses by practitioners, advocates and detractors of natural parenting contribute to associating this specific style of parenting and several of its key practices with religion and spirituality. After documenting and defining natural parenting by listing its characteristic practices and underlining its values as well as its important overlap with attachment parenting, this article examines the historically religious roots of movements linked to several practices still regarded as typical of natural parenting (natural childbirth movements, natural family planning or fertility awareness, and breastfeeding advocacy). Along with feminist and medical strands of criticism, within these highly secular contexts, the association with religion and spirituality participates in the criticism of this style of parenting which combines the key tenets of attachment parenting with a strong environmentalist agenda implemented for the most part in the domestic sphere and around women’s bodies.
Microstructure and photocatalytic performance of micro arc oxidation coatings after heat treatment
Authors: Yang Wei , Xu Dapeng , Chen Tao , Wang Jianli , Chen Jian
Published: March 2020

A V-doped titania catalyst was synthesized on titanium substrate by micro-arc oxidation and then it was carried out by heat treatment in nitrogen atmosphere. The surface characteristics of the synthesized titania coatings were investigated by SEM, EDS, XPS and XRD. The synthesized TiO2 coating doped with V (in form of V2O3 and V2O5) showed a large amount of “cellular” bulges with more microscopic defects. The anatase phase of the TiO2 coatings after heat treatment tended to be transformed into rutile phase. As a result, the corrosion resistance and photocatalytic performance of TiO2 coating doped with V after heat treatment had been enhanced.
Toughening Mechanism of the Bone — Enlightenment from the Microstructure of Goat Tibia
Authors: Wang Xiaohan , Li Dongxu , Hao Rui
Published: March 2020

With the continuous advancement of space exploration missions, the mechanical environment for planetary detectors is becoming increasingly severe. As a result, fatigue, fracture, large deformation and other forms of failures are more likely to occur at the load-bearing structures. As a critical part of the load-bearing structure of a goat, goat tibia has remarkable toughness because of its unique microstructures. In this investigation, firstly, the cortical bone of goat tibia was observed by SEM, and the characteristic microstructures in different regions were identified. Secondly, the cross section of cortical bone was loaded by long-term inplane stress, then the toughness of cortical bone in different regions are obtained and compared based on the orientation and distribution of cracks after the load. Thirdly, a simplified FEM model mimicking typical microstructure of the cortical bone is proposed using cohesive modeling, and then the toughening mechanism of the typical microstructure is validated with numerical simulation. Finally, the toughening mechanisms of cortical bone were discussed according to the SEM observation as well as the numerical simulation. This study of the toughening mechanism of cortical bone can be helpful for the biomimetic design of high-toughness structures.
Sind die Namen der Saar keltisch oder vorkeltisch?
Authors: Bichlmeier Harald
Published: March 2020

A special feature in the history of the hydronym Saar is that in the first centuries of its attestation up to the high Middle Ages it shows two parallel, morphologically different forms, Sar- vs. Sar-Vv-, the longer form being attested earlier. For the shorter form Sar- an Old European formation *Sorā- from a root PIE *ser- ‘(to be) liquid’ seems most probable. For the longer form actually three possibilities exist: either (a new proposal) it is a secondary u̯o-derivative of the aforementioned *Sorā-; or one of two different Celtic etymologies hitherto proposed applies: both claiming u̯o-derivatives, either (less probably) from the root PIE *serh- ‘to approach (with unfriendly intentions)’ or (more probably) from the root PIE *sterh3- ‘to stretch, spread, broaden’, both in the end resulting in Late Proto-Celtic *sarau̯o-. As the two attestations in a metrical text reflect Latin Sarāv-, at some point in the history of the name there seems to have been some (analogical) restructuring of the suffix vowel.
Prof. Sir John Rhŷs in the Isle of Man (1886–1893): dictionary
Authors: Broderick George
Published: March 2020

Zwischen den Jahren 1886-1893 besuchte Prof. John Rhŷs die Insel Man, ursprünglich um neuentdeckte Ogam-Inschriften zu inspizieren, welche ihn zufälligerweise in die Endphase des gesprochenen Manx-Gälischen führten. Zu der Zeit lebte noch eine große Anzahl Muttersprachler des Manx-Gälischen, und 1888 fing er mit seinen Recherchen ernsthaft an. Von 107 mutmaßlichen Informanten konnte er 88 besuchen und ihnen Sprachmaterialien jeder Art (Folklore, Kurztexte, Liederfragmente usw.) entlocken. Die Krönung seiner Arbeit besteht aus der großen Anzahl von Wörtern und Redewendungen des Spät-Manx-Gälischen, welche im Format eines Wörterbuches unten wiedergegeben wird.
St. Moling and the legend of Christopher
Authors: Frykenberg Brian
Published: March 2020

Texte aus dem zwölften Jahrhundert, die Moling und die Wasser und Furten neben der Hauptstiftung des Heiligen - Tech Moling (heute St. Mullins, Co. Carlow) - behandeln, konzentrieren sich auf Pilgerschaft. Auf diese Weise entdeckt man eine Verbindung mit der Erzählung des Heiligen Christophorus als ‚Christus-Träger‘ (ATU Nr. 768), besonders durch zwei Anekdoten des Heiligen Moling. Ein fast dramatisches Milieu bietet sich zum möglichen Kontext dieser Legenden.
Does the Digitalization of Manufacturing Boost a ‘Smart’ Era of Capital Accumulation?
Authors: Fuchs Martina
Published: March 2020

‘Smart Manufacturing’ refers to a bundle of recent digital innovations together with the political initiatives that promote them. Public and academic debates indicate a fundamental shift in the socio-economic landscape, or a new era of capital accumulation in the language of regulation theory. A closer analysis of literature on Fordism and Postfordism, however, reveals that a ‘smart’ accumulation regime is at the most beginning to emerge, while earlier digitalization has already generated considerable impacts. This literature review first considers earlier contributions on digitalization and space that were published from the early 1980 s to the early 2000 s. It then discusses how this can inspire fresh views on Smart Manufacturing today.
León y Palencia: dos patrones entonativos en las interrogativas absolutas neutras en el español europeo actual
Authors: Fernández Planas Ana Ma. , Dorta Josefa , Cachón Carmen Muñiz , Roseano Paolo , Elvira-García Wendy , Massó Ramon Cerdà
Published: March 2020

The spoken Spanish in Leon and Palencia, in the northwestern part of the Iberian Peninsula, bears traces of the historical development at various different linguistic levels. The main aim of this study is to describe the prosody of open questions in the speech of each of the two cities and compare these prosodic patterns with those of other points in the Peninsula and islands (the Balearic Islands and the Canary Islands), and those of the Asturian accent of Oviedo. The research falls within the general framework of the projects undertaken for the AMPER (Contini 1992) and the methodology employed in so called dialectometry (Goebl 1981) based on the tool ProDis (Elvira-García/Balocco/Roseano/Fernández Planas 2018; Fernández Planas 2016 a, 2016 b; Fernández Planas/Roseano/Elvira-García/Balocco 2017a). The work is being carried out with data from 20 informants from 12 survey points, with a large corpus of more than 4000 open questions. The results show that the two above-mentioned survey points have different intonation melodies. We would like to see this work as a contribution to the study of diachronic prosody using instrumentation.
Sistemas vocálicos tónicos portugueses do norte e do centro-sul: descrição acústica e tendências dialetais
Authors: da Costa de Brissos Fernando Jorge
Published: March 2020

Brissos (2014) and Brissos/Rodrigues (2016) draw on the data of the Acoustic Atlas of Portuguese Stressed Vowels (AVOC) to describe the stressed vowel systems of, respectively, central-southern and northwestern Portuguese dialects. This paper presents the AVOC data for northeastern Portugal, thus completing the picture for the country’s northern dialects. The vowel systems of the three areas are compared and systematized, and a synthetic depiction of the Portuguese cardinal dialectal areas (north vs. south) is put together. The importance of acoustic data for providing new, more accurate characterizations of Portuguese dialects is also evidenced.
Doppia coniugazione regolare del passato remoto in italiano contemporaneo
Authors: Słapek Daniel
Published: March 2020

The Italian preterite (passato remoto, PR) is the only verb tense that has two series of equivalent endings for a single group of verbs ending in -ere. In the PR’s actual use, one notes, however, a strong preference for choosing one of the two inflexional paradigms of a given verb, which remains unattested in Italian grammatical studies. With this article, then, I intend to examine 1) what the actual usage is of the regular inflected forms of the PR in the largest corpora of written Italian; 2) how the regular second conjugation of the PR is presented in the most important Italian dictionaries. I believe that the results of this examination provide an important contribution regarding the formation of grammatical rules pertaining to the PR, but they also contribute to the debate on grammatical norms and on the actual usage of the Italian language.
The Level of Personality Functioning Scale Applied to Clinical Material From the Structured Interview of Personality Organization (STIPO): Utility in Detecting Personality Pathology
Authors: Di Pierro Rossella , Gargiulo Ivan , Poggi Anita , Madeddu Fabio , Preti Emanuele
Published: March 2020

The Alternative Model for Personality Disorders states that personality pathology involves significant impairment in personality functioning that can be assessed using the Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS). However, the ability of the LPFS to capture impairments typical of personality pathology, rather than of general psychopathology, is still unclear. The authors applied a 12-item version of the LPFS to clinical interviews (i.e., the Structured Interview of Personality Organization [STIPO]) to test whether differences in levels of impairment in domains related to both self- and interpersonal functioning can be detected among patients with personality disorders (n = 33), psychiatric outpatients (n = 30), and nonclinical controls (n = 30). Results show that the 12-item version of the LPFS scored using clinical material gathered through STIPO interviews captures impairments in identity, self-direction, and empathy uniquely linked to personality pathology. However, impairments in intimacy do not differentiate between patients with and without personality disorders.
Neural Circuit Dynamics for Sensory Detection
Authors: Mallik Sruti , Nizampatnam Srinath , Nandi Anirban , Saha Debajit , Raman Baranidharan , Ching ShiNung
Published: March 2020

We consider the question of how sensory networks enable the detection of sensory stimuli in a combinatorial coding space. We are specifically interested in the olfactory system, wherein recent experimental studies have reported the existence of rich, enigmatic response patterns associated with stimulus onset and offset. This study aims to identify the functional relevance of such response patterns (i.e., what benefits does such neural activity provide in the context of detecting stimuli in a natural environment). We study this problem through the lens of normative, optimization-based modeling. Here, we define the notion of a low-dimensional latent representation of stimulus identity, which is generated through action of the sensory network. The objective of our optimization framework is to ensure high-fidelity tracking of a nominal representation in this latent space in an energy-efficient manner. It turns out that the optimal motifs emerging from this framework possess morphologic similarity with prototypical onset and offset responses observedin vivoin locusts (Schistocerca americana) of either sex. Furthermore, this objective can be exactly achieved by a network with reciprocal excitatory–inhibitory competitive dynamics, similar to interactions between projection neurons and local neurons in the early olfactory system of insects. The derived model also makes several predictions regarding maintenance of robust latent representations in the presence of confounding background information and trade-offs between the energy of sensory activity and resultant behavioral measures such as speed and accuracy of stimulus detection.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTA key area of study in olfactory coding involves understanding the transformation from high-dimensional sensory stimulus to low-dimensional decoded representation. Here, we examine not only the dimensionality reduction of this mapping but also its temporal dynamics, with specific focus on stimuli that are temporally continuous. Through optimization-based synthesis, we examine how sensory networks can track representations without prior assumption of discrete trial structure. We show that such tracking can be achieved by canonical network architectures and dynamics, and that the resulting responses resemble observations from neurons in the insect olfactory system. Thus, our results provide hypotheses regarding the functional role of olfactory circuit activity at both single neuronal and population scales.
And Then I Stopped Trying to Fit
Authors: Scott Julie-Ann
Published: March 2020

In this essay, I autoethnographically map my experience of pursuing and then denouncing the “religion” of merit into which I was indoctrinated in my white, second-generation immigrant household. I argue that my disabled body is marked as visible through medical discourse that originated within, and is in turn perpetuated by, white patriarchal discourse. This visibility interrupts the power of white invisibility, allowing a means of understanding how white normalness perpetuates a system of merit that rejects all visible, abnormal bodies while offering an unsuccessful pursuit of meritorious invisibility. The normal and invisible system of merit, when exposed, visible, and rejected, can be dismantled.
Decolonizing Merit
Authors: De La Garza Antonio Tomas
Published: March 2020

Scholars of color in white majority universities inhabit a zone of alterity, which forces them to make strategic choices about how they perform. Tactical essentialism is an alternative to the dichotomous ideologies of static and fluid ontologies. Rather than allowing oneself to be caught in the double bind between performing whiteness and resisting white supremacy, a tactical form of essentialism recognizes that identity is fluid, yet simultaneously linked materially to lived-empirical experience. By recognizing that the dichotomy can be complementary, the tactical subject intentionally engages in performances of identity that can be leveraged to decolonize merit in the ivory tower.
When Researching the “Other” Intersects with the Self
Authors: Caldera Altheria , Rizvi Sana , Calderon-Berumen Freyca , Lugo Monica
Published: March 2020

Although the field of critical qualitative inquiry is saturated with literature on methodologies and theoretical orientations, there is less scholarship that explores the dynamics that prevail when women of color conduct critical qualitative inquiry with participants who share their identities. Using scholarly personal narrative (SNP), our project examines the intricacies of kinship found between women of color researchers and their research participants. More specifically, this article presents narratives of an African American scholar, a British Pakistani immigrant scholar, and two Latina (Mexican) immigrant scholars who explore dilemmas and rewards that surfaced in our research within our individual communities.
Belief system of future teachers on Education for Sustainable Development in math classes
Authors: Vásquez Claudia , Seckel María José , Alsina Ángel
Published: March 2020

This paper studied the belief system of future Chilean teachers of Early Childhood Education and Primary Education regarding their competencies to incorporate Education for Sustainable Development (EDS) in the classroom, specifically, in math classes. To this end, a survey was applied to 87 Primary Education preservice teachers and 58 Early Childhood Education preservice teachers, which was analyzed from an interpretative approach. Results are not clear regarding ESD and its scope, despite being valued. In addition, there is a clear need for training in this regard and the potential of mathematical education as a tool to incorporate ESD into the school classroom. It is concluded that ESD-related competencies need to be incorporated in initial and permanent teacher training programs in a transversal way, in our case for Mathematics Education.
Revisiting the fundamentals of p-nitrophenol analysis for its application in the quantification of lipases activity. A graphical update.
Authors: Syedd-León Randall , Sandoval-Barrantes Manuel , Trimiño-Vásquez Humberto , Villegas-Peñaranda Luis Roberto , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Gerardo
Published: March 2020

p-Nitrophenol (pNP) is a widely used compound for analytical determinations of several esterases (EC. 3.1.1.X), including lipases (E.C. 3.1.1.3). Most enzymatic measurements employ pNP derivatives such as esters, which are broken down by enzymatic hydrolysis, releasing pNP that is quantified by its absorbance at 410 nm. Although this type of methods was developed a few decades ago, the spectrophotometric analysis of pNP requires analytical measurements of pH and temperature to achieve reliable determinations. The aim of this paper is to offer a graphical update of how pH and temperature affect the p-nitrophenol absorbance at different wavelengths in lipase emulsified media, due to its relevance for the quantitative determination of lipase activity using spectrophotometric methods. To highlight the importance of each variable involved in this analysis, we dissolved pNP in emulsified media (for lipase activity quantification) at several pH values from 4.00 to 11.00, and measured its absorbance in a range of 270 nm – 500 nm and at several temperatures from 25°C to 50°C. The absorption patterns of pNP under the established conditions were graphed in 3D plots. The constructed 3D plots showed that, regardless of the temperature, below pH 6.00, pNP predominantly absorbs at 317 nm, due to the greater abundance of its protonated form, which is completely predominant at pH 3.50 and below. On the other hand, at pH 10.0 and above, the major absorption occurs at about 401 nm, confirming that the equilibrium is completely shifted to the pNP anionic form. These results also indicate that close to neutral pH value pNP, it displays a temperature dependence effect, increasing absorbance to 410 nm at higher temperatures. Due to many analytical determinations of enzymatic activities, the release of pNP is carried around pH 7.00. It is necessary to consider the determinant role of both pH and temperature over these measurements, how these variables must be strictly controlled, and how the calibration curves and blanks should take the reaction media pH and temperature into account.
Referential and pragmatic-discourse properties of Lithuanian reference impersonals: 2sg-imp, 3-imp and ma/ta-imp
Authors: Mazzitelli Lidia Federica
Published: March 2020

In this paper I describe the semantics, pragmatics and the discourse functions of three Lithuanian agent-defocusing constructions, featuring the non-referential use of second person singular/third person verbal forms and the non-agreeing participial forms in ma/ta. These three constructions can all be defined as impersonal, in the broader sense of the word, as the agent (or the main participant, whatever its semantic role may be) is constructed as non-referential: I label them 2sg-imp, 3-imp and ma/ta-imp. My corpus consists of original Lithuanian texts (a short story and entries on an Internet forum) and of the Lithuanian translations of Antoine de Saint-Exupéry’s novella Le Petit Prince and J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone. My analysis shows that 2sg-imp are preferably used to express generic agents (anyone) and 3-imp are preferably used to express referential indefinite agents (someone). while ma/ta-imp are referentially flexible. 2sg-imp are pragmatically marked in that they are used to express empathy between the speaker and the pool of potential referents; they are mostly used in specific discourse types, such as opinion statements and life drama situations. 3-imp are preferred in situations where the indefiniteness of the agent is relevant to the development of the narrative; ma/ta-imp are instead preferred when the agent is irrelevant, and the focus is on the event itself. The behavior of Lithuanian 2sg-imp, 3-imp and ma/ta-imp is consistent with the one already described for similar constructions in other European languages.
Transformation of the Classical genre: Quadratus and beginnings of Christian apology
Authors: Ališauskas Vytautas
Published: March 2020

Quadratus belonged to the second generation of Jesus’ followers. At the early stage of his life he was an itinerant preacher of the Gospel, also visiting Asia Minor in the course of his travels. It was there that he may have received information about the persons who had directly experienced Jesus’ beneficence. After he settled in Athens, Quadratus, just like other Athenian apologists, Aristides and, later, Athenagoras, was not part of the Church hierarchy, but, more likely, a free teacher. When Hadrian was visiting Athens, he was presented with an apology which should have provided the emperor with reliable information concerning the new religion. The paper suggests a hypothesis that the direct impulse to defend Christianity was the conflict between the Christians and the Athenian society on the issue of the Eleusinian mysteries.Quadratus’ apologetic opus, among other topics of which we have no knowledge, discussed the unique character of the miracles performed by Christ, comparing them to the deeds of the demigods or of the contemporary miracle-workers. It also (according Martyrologium of Bede the Venerable) discussed the nature of Christian food, emphasising its ordinary character. Just as the Letter to Diognetus, it probably suggested that the Christian way of life and customs were not different from those of other people.
Envelhecimento, sustentabilidade e reforma do Sistema de Seguridade Social brasileiro: um novo desafio demográfico para uma velha questão política
Authors: Gonçalves Anderson , Branchi Bruna Angela
Published: March 2020

As projeções demográficas têm sinalizado a tendência nacional de ampliação no número relativo e absoluto de idosos. Nesse contexto, surgem diferentes abordagens políticas para justificar reformas do Estado brasileiro: por um lado, utiliza-se de argumentos estritamente quantitativos para justificar a redução das responsabilidades do Estado diante do envelhecimento e aumentar a responsabilização individual. Por outra perspectiva, a sustentabilidade é observada para além da questão puramente fiscal, inserindo a população idosa na agenda pública, como cidadã de direito e demandante de novas políticas públicas para o desenvolvimento na dimensão social. O objetivo deste artigo é oferecer elementos para a análise destas diferentes posições políticas acerca da sustentabilidade no Sistema de Seguridade Social brasileiro. Para tanto, além da breve revisão bibliográfica acerca do termo sustentabilidade, o estudo apresenta a trajetória e as perspectivas para a proteção social voltada aos idosos no Brasil.
Desigualdade e diversidade: o fator amazônico no contexto da Política de Assistência Social no Pará
Authors: Nascimento Maria Cardoso , Cruz Sandra Helena Ribeiro , Pontes Reinaldo Nobre
Published: March 2020

Trata-se da problematização do território a partir do entendimento que ele assume no contexto da discussão no Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS). Tem como objetivo contribuir para o debate sobre os limites da política de Assistência Social orientada pelo discurso da desigualdade/diversidade, acionando-se a percepção de trabalhadoras/es do SUAS, radicados no Estado do Pará. Concluiu-se que a concepção de território elucidada na Política Nacional de Assistência Social (PNAS) não se realizava no cotidiano institucional, mas se verificou a presença da concepção de território nas práticas das equipes técnicas.
Visão de jovens pais e mães sobre medidas de acolhimento institucional de seus filhos
Authors: Helmer Fabrícia Pavesi , Gentilli Raquel De Matos Lopes , Trugilho Silvia Moreira
Published: March 2020

Reflete-se aqui sobre condições de vida e de consciência de jovens com filhos em acolhimento institucional, cujas medidas judiciais visaram preservar direitos ameaçados ou violados destas crianças. A pesquisa procurou identificar os elementos fundamentais que interferiram na reprodução social da família eque comprometeram a proteção e os cuidados para com os filhos destes jovens. Verificou-se que estas situações denunciam uma expressiva falta de condições de vida para si e para seus filhos.
Conjuntura brasileira no séc. XXI: o nó da nossa solidão
Authors: De Paiva Beatriz Augusto , Carraro Dilceane , Rocha Mirella Farias
Published: March 2020

O propósito deste artigo é o de propor uma análise que contribua para apreensão dos principais elementos que determinam a conjuntura brasileira atual, desde as principais dinâmicas econômicas que evidenciam o painel da barbárie que acompanha a tentativa de retomada do circuito de valorização do capital até os elementos mais coetâneos, que atam este contexto mais amplo com os particulares acontecimentos e processos que podem distinguir a atual conjuntura brasileira. Ademais, o objetivo adicional deste artigo é o de pensarmos sobre os processos de resistência, tendo como referência temporal o ano de 2019.
Brazil: the institutional changes in the recent period and the new government
Authors: Marques Rosa Maria , Nakatani Paulo
Published: March 2020

This text discusses institutional changes implemented in the recent period in Brazil. If they are not reversed in a future government, they will have, on the one hand, redefined the place of the state in the economy and society, resulting, among other consequences, in the shrinking of public policies in general, and especially of social policies; on the other hand, they will have substantially altered the country’s labor market, expanding the presence of the already important and structural segment of informal workers. They consist of the Constitutional Amendment 95 (EC 95) and the set of articles and provisions of the Consolidation of Labor Laws (CLT) that were amended by the labor reform. In the first section, aspects concerning the conditions inherited by the new government are analyzed; in the second one, we discuss the Constitutional Amendment 95; in the following section, we go over the labor reform and the labor market, both inherited from Michel Temer’s government. In section four, some of the ongoing measures of the new government are presented into detail.Keywords: Temer Government. Bolsonaro Government. Labor reform. Constitutional Amendment 95. Social politics.***Brasil: as alterações institucionais no período recente e o novo governo***Este texto discute as alterações institucionais que foram realizadas no período recente no Brasil. Caso elas não sejam revertidas em um futuro governo, terão, de um lado, redefinido o lugar do Estado na economia e na sociedade, resultando, entre outras consequências, no encolhimento das políticas públicas em geral e, especialmente, das políticas sociais; de outro, terão alterado substancialmente o mercado de trabalho do país, ampliando a presença do já importante e estrutural segmento de trabalhadores informais. São elas: a Emenda Constitucional 95 (EC 95) e o conjunto de artigos e dispositivos da Consolidação das Leis Trabalhistas (CLT) que foram alterados pela reforma trabalhista. Em sua primeira seção, são analisados alguns aspectos das condições herdadas pelo novo governo; na segunda, discutimos a Emenda Constitucional 95 e, na seguinte, vemos a reforma trabalhista e o mercado de trabalho, ambas herdadas do governo de Michel Temer. Na seção quatro, detalhamos algumas das medidas em curso do novo governo.
Nasal colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at admission among high-risk Turkish and international patients
Authors: Ozdamar Melda
Published: March 2020

Objective

The aim of this study was to detect the frequency of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization at admission in a group of presumably high-risk international or Turkish patients referred to our center for elective operations, some of whom were from countries with an unknown prevalence of MRSA infection or colonization.

Methods

The results of nasal swab screening for MRSA colonization performed using a specific algorithm between 2011 and 2018 in a private medical center were retrospectively reviewed. Presence of MRSA was ascertained using culture and/or real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR).

Results

A total of 3,795 patients were included in the study. More than half of the patients were ≤19 years of age (2,094, 55.2%), and MRSA positivity was more common among these patients. Turkish patients constituted 24.5% of the study population. International patients were most frequently referred from Iraq (55.92%), Libya (11.44%), Romania (2.69%), and Bulgaria (1.98%). MRSA positivity was significantly more common among patients referred from other countries when compared to Turkish nationals (11.5% vs. 4.4%, P = 0.00001). Countries with the highest prevalence rates of MRSA colonization were as follows with decreasing order: United Arab Emirates, 25.0%; Georgia, 23.1%; Russia, 22.7%; Iraq, 13.0%, Romania, 12.7%. Other countries with high number of admitted patients (>70 patients) had the following MRSA rates: Turkey, 4.4%; Libya, 6.0%; Bulgaria, 5.3%.

Conclusions

Although MRSA has a low prevalence in our center, a variation in the rate of MRSA positivity was observed across patients from different countries. Absence hospital acquired contamination or outbreaks in our institution may be attributed to the screening algorithm used and underscores the importance of risk analysis for patients referred from geographical locations with unknown MRSA frequency, to reduce the risk of transmission.
A Sociological Breakthrough of Interreligious Engagement in Everyday-Symbolic Interaction Perspectives
Authors: Lattu Izak
Published: March 2020

This article explores the symbolic interaction, interfaith daily in Indonesia and beyond. The question of how one can live peacefully in a multireligious environment that has colored a discussion about interfaith engagement in many regions of the world. This article begins with a discussion of interfaith relations by introducing the history of migration in Europe. Having developed an awareness of everyday symbolic in migrant-host relationship, this article studied the effect of migration to interfaith engagement in Europe and the United States. Interfaith engagement in this sense is a means of building peace in many parts of the world, including Indonesia. Based on the sociological context of interreligious relations, the article criticized the rigidity of interreligious dialogue is stuck in the official forums related to religious issues. Therefore, religious dialogue based on everyday relationships become important to create the same sphere where everyone has the same solidarity and understanding with all those who have faith and religion are different.

[Artikel ini mengeksplorasi interaksi simbolis antariman sehari-hari di Indonesia dan di luar. Pertanyaan bagaimana seseorang dapat hidup secara damai di lingkungan yang multiagama telah mewarnai diskusi tentang keterlibatan lintas agama (interreligious engagement) di banyak wilayah di dunia. Artikel ini dimulai dengan diskusi tentang hubungan antaragama dengan memperkenalkan sejarah migrasi di Eropa. Dengan mengembangkan kesadaran simbolis sehari-hari dalam hubungan migran-tuan rumah, artikel ini mendalami pengaruh migrasi ke keterlibatan antaragama di Eropa dan Amerika Serikat. Keterlibatan antaragama dalam pengertian ini adalah sarana pembangunan perdamaian di banyak bagian dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Berdasarkan konteks sosiologis hubungan antaragama, artikel ini mengkritik kekakuan antaragama yang terjebak dalam forum dialog resmi terkait masalah agama. Oleh karena itu, dialog agama berbasis hubungan sehari-hari menjadi penting untuk menciptakan wilayah yang sama dimana setiap orang memiliki solidaritas dan pemahaman yang sama dengan semua orang yang memiliki iman dan agama yang berbeda