bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deupirfenidone (LYT-100) in post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 with respiratory complications
Authors: Kulkarni Tejaswini , Santiaguel Joel , Aul Raminder , Harnett Mark , Krop Julie , Chen Michael C. , Graham Camilla S. , Maher Toby M.
Published: February 2025

Introduction

The pathophysiology of respiratory complications in post-acute sequelae of SARS CoV-2 infection (PASC) is poorly understood but a high incidence of progressive pulmonary fibrosis was anticipated. Deupirfenidone (LYT-100) is a selectively deuterated form of pirfenidone which retains antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory activity but with improved tolerability. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of deupirfenidone in PASC patients with respiratory complications.

Methods

Global, double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled study evaluating deupirfenidone 750 mg BIDversusplacebo for 3 months in PASC patients with respiratory complications following hospitalization for acute COVID-19 infection severe enough to necessitate supplemental oxygen (NCT04652518).

Results

185 patients were randomized and treated (95 deupirfenidone, 90 placebo), with 177 included in the modified intention-to-treat population. Mean age was 54.5 years, 62.7% male, and 10.7% had prior mechanical ventilation. Six-minute walk distance improved across both arms between baseline and Day 91 (deupirfenidone 44.3m (95% CI 24.8, 63.8)versusplacebo 48.8m (95% CI 29.2, 68.4); p=0.70). Most common treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) for deupirfenidoneversusplacebo included nausea (9.5%versus1.1%), upper abdominal discomfort (5.3%versus2.2%) and dyspepsia (6.3%versus1.1%). TEAEs leading to study drug discontinuation were 11.6% for deupirfenidoneversus4.4% for placebo. Discontinuations considered at least possibly related to deupirfenidone were 8.6%versus2.4% for placebo.

Discussion

Majority of the patients with PASC and respiratory complications showed significant improvement over 91 days irrespective of treatment assignment. Deupirfenidone was well-tolerated, with low rates of TEAEs, that support further investigation in patients with IPF.
Endosperm culture-based allotriploid hybrid production from an interspecific cross of Haemanthus spp.: new insights into polyploidization and hybridization
Authors: Nakano Arisa , Mii Masahiro , Hoshino Yoichiro
Published: February 2025

Background

Allopolyploid plants are valuable for plant breeding because they have the advantage of polyploidization and hybridization, such as increased vigor and adaptability. Although biparental triploid endosperms have the potential to be used to produce allotriploid plants, the approach remains largely unexplored. Therefore, this study aimed to produce allotriploid plants from the endosperms of interspecific crosses between Haemanthus pauculifolius and H. albiflos.

Results

Precisely identified embryo and endosperm pairs were used. Embryos were grown on half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, and endosperms from interspecific crossing were cultured to induce callus formation and shoot regeneration, which then developed into plantlets. MS medium supplemented with 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (picloram) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), or 2,4-dichloro phenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and BAP were used for callus induction, and callus formation rates were measured. Flow cytometry, karyotyping, and Sanger sequencing of the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, chloroplast (trnL-trnF region, matK gene), and mitochondrial (nad1 gene) DNA were performed on plantlets derived from embryos and endosperms, along with their parental plants. In this study, a total of 18 pairs of diploid and triploid plantlets were obtained from the embryo and endosperm, respectively. Callus formation rates were significantly higher on media with picloram and BAP compared to 2,4-D and BAP. ITS sequencing and karyotype analyses detected that all the 16 pairs of plantlets analyzed were hybrids, indicating that most endosperm-derived plantlets were allotriploid with a parental chromosome ratio of 2:1 (maternal: paternal). In addition, chloroplast DNA sequencing revealed maternal inheritance in the endosperm-derived plantlets, consistent with embryo-derived plantlets.

Conclusions

This study is the first to demonstrate the production of allotriploid hybrid plants through endosperm culture using seeds from interspecific crosses, as supported by cellular and genetic analyses. Additionally, the study established a novel system for simultaneously producing diploid and allotriploid hybrids from a single seed, providing valuable materials to study the effects of polyploidization and hybridization in allopolyploid plants. These findings contribute to plant breeding strategies and advance our understanding of hybridization, polyploidization, and allopolyploid plant development.
Physical activity and motivational readiness for physical activity behavior change in adults with non-communicable diseases in Germany: a trend analysis of two cross-sectional health surveys from the German GEDA study 2014/2015 and 2019/2020
Authors: Wenz Benjamin , Graf Jonathan , Sudeck Gorden , Geidl Wolfgang , Manz Kristin , Jordan Susanne , Teti Andrea , Gabrys Lars
Published: February 2025

Background

Physical activity (PA) is a cornerstone in maintaining a healthy lifestyle as well as in the prevention and rehabilitation of non-communicable diseases (NCD). First analysis of PA showed lower activity rates in adults with NCD compared to the general population. To improve health monitoring and to address World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations to systematically identify and track efforts to reduce inequalities in PA participation, trend analysis of PA in adults with NCD was performed for the period 2014/15 to 2019/20 for Germany. Furthermore, motivational readiness for PA behavior change was analysed based on the transtheoretical model (TTM).

Methods

Based on two population-based cross-sectional health surveys (GEDA 2014/15-EHIS and GEDA 2019/20-EHIS) for Germany (N = 46,724), the prevalence of meeting WHO PA guidelines was analysed for adults with certain NCD compared to the general population. PA was assessed by self-report via the European Health Interview Survey– Physical Activity Questionnaire (EHIS-PAQ). Trend analyses and logistic regression models were performed to calculate disease specific Odds Ratios (OR) for fulfilment of PA recommendations. Motivational readiness for PA was assessed with the stages of change according to the TTM with data of GEDA 2014/15-EHIS.

Results

Reporting any NCD is associated with lower fulfilment of health-enhancing aerobic PA in both surveys for almost all NCD, with lowest levels among adults reporting stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity and coronary heart disease. Sufficient muscle-strengthening was higher in adults with musculoskeletal diseases like osteoarthritis, lower back pain and neck pain compared to adults without these diseases. The prevalence of meeting WHO PA recommendations among adults with NCD remains at a low level. Sufficient health-enhancing aerobic PA tend to decrease in adults with NCD from 2014/15 to 2019/20, while sufficient muscle-strengthening increased in the same period. Motivational readiness for PA is lower for most adults with NCD, compared to the general adult population.

Conclusion

Lower rates of WHO PA recommendation fulfilment is recognized for most NCD groups compared to the population without NCD for both surveys, but the proportion of adults with NCD who meet the WHO PA recommendations differ widely between NCD groups. A positive trend from 2014/15 to 2019/20 can only be seen for adults with osteoarthritis. Based on our findings the implementation of PA promotion particular with regards to motivational readiness and disease specific PA measures is strongly recommended to improve prevention and ambulatory health care for adults with NCD.
Investigating factors influencing utilization of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy among unaccompanied young refugees: an exploratory analysis
Authors: Kasparik Barbara , Farani Madina , Pfeiffer Elisa , Sachser Cedric , Rosner Rita
Published: February 2025

Background

Unaccompanied young refugees (UYRs) exhibit elevated levels of mental distress, including posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), depression and anxiety. Despite the considerable psychological burden, UYRs frequently lack access to mental health care (MHC). The factors that contribute to higher rates of treatment utilization among UYR remain poorly understood. Untreated PTSS can result in chronic impairment, underscoring the importance of identifying these factors. The aim of this study is to investigate factors associated with the intention and actual utilization of MHC of UYRs living in child and youth welfare facilities in Germany.

Method

This study is part of the multi-site project BETTER CARE which aims to implement a stepped and collaborative care approach. A sample of N = 139 UYRs who had received a treatment recommendation for trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) was analyzed. Binomial logistic regression was performed to identify factors predicting the likelihood of intention to seek MHC. In addition, the association between intention to seek MHC and actual utilization was determined using a chi square test.

Results

The results demonstrated a significant correlation between age (η = 0.25, p <.01), length of stay in Germany (η = 0.28, p <.01), and severity of PTSD symptoms (η = 0.26, p <.01) with intention to use MHC. In the logistic regression analysis, PTSD emerged as a significant predictor of intended use (B = 2.66, p <.05). The utilization of MHC was found to be closely associated with the initial intention to use (χ²(1) = 88.846, p <.001).

Conclusions

The findings contribute to an expanding body of literature on the mental health requirements and service utilization patterns among UYRs, offering insights for policymakers, mental health professionals, and child welfare services striving to enhance care for this vulnerable population.
Oncometabolite D-2HG drives tumor metastasis and protumoral macrophage polarization by targeting FTO/m6A/ANGPTL4/integrin axis in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Siyue , Zhang Ning , Wan Tong , He Yinqiao , Hao Jie , Liu Yiwei , Liu Yidong , Chen Bing , Zhao Wenjing , Wang Lijuan , Luo Dan , Gao Chao , Yang Qifeng
Published: February 2025

Background

D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG), an oncometabolite derived from the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Previous studies have reported the diverse effects of D-2HG in pathophysiological processes, yet its role in breast cancer remains largely unexplored.

Methods

We applied an advanced biosensor approach to detect the D-2HG levels in breast cancer samples. We then investigated the biological functions of D-2HG through multiple in vitro and in vivo assays. A joint MeRIP-seq and RNA-seq strategy was used to identify the target genes regulated by D-2HG-mediated N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification. RNA pull-down assays were further applied to identify the reader that could specifically recognize the m6A modification on angiopoietin like 4 (ANGPTL4) mRNA and RNA immunoprecipitation was used to confirm the findings.

Results

We found that D-2HG accumulated in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), exerting oncogenic effects both in vitro and in vivo by promoting TNBC cell growth and metastasis. Mechanistically, D-2HG enhanced global m6A RNA modifications in TNBC cells, notably upregulating m6A modification on ANGPTL4 mRNA, which was mediated by the inhibition of Fat-mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO), resulting in increased recognition of m6A-modified ANGPTL4 by YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein F1 (YTHDF1), thereby promoting the enhanced translation of ANGPTL4. As a secretory protein, ANGPTL4 subsequently activated the integrin-mediated JAK2/STAT3 signaling cascade in TNBC cells through autocrine signaling. Notably, the knockdown of ANGPTL4 or treatment with GLPG1087 (an integrin antagonist) significantly reduced D-2HG-induced proliferation and metastasis in TNBC cells. Additionally, ANGPTL4 was found to promote macrophage M2 polarization within the tumor microenvironment via paracrine signaling, further driving TNBC progression. The association of ANGPTL4 with poor prognosis in TNBC patients underscores its clinical relevance.

Conclusions

Our study unveils a previously unrecognized role for D-2HG-mediated RNA modification in TNBC progression and targeting the D-2HG/FTO/m6A/ANGPTL4/integrin axis can serve as a promising therapeutic target for TNBC patients.
Language learners’ surface, deep, and organizing approaches to ChatGPT-assisted language learning: What contextual, individual, and ChatGPT-related factors contribute?
Authors: Rahimi Amir Reza , Mosalli Zahra
Published: February 2025

Researchers have significantly explored language learners' attitudes toward ChatGPT through the lens of technology acceptance models, particularly with its development and integration into computer-assisted language learning (CALL). However, further research in this area is necessary to apply a theoretical framework with a pedagogical-oriented perspective. Therefore, in this study, the researchers utilized students' approaches to the learning environment (SAL) and extended it by incorporating a multilevel perspective that encompasses contextual, individual, and ChatGPT-related factors. Accordingly, the researchers integrated ChatGPT into their language syllabus and guided learners in three universities in Ardabil City to use ChatGPT during the academic year 2023–2024. In the end, 214 participants answered the study questionnaire. The result of the partial least squares modeling (PLS-SEM), and Importance performance map analysis (IPMA) showed that ChatGPT leadership, where the university executive provides the atmosphere for the norms of ChatGPT integration, could significantly shape language learners’ organizing approach to using it in their daily academic schedule. Additionally, personalization and anthropomorphism were among the significant ChatGPT-related factors that shaped learners’ deep approach to using ChatGPT as a source for meaningful, cross-referenced CALL tool. However, low feedback reliability, privacy concerns, and the ChatGPT's perceived value contributed to language learners' surface approach to minimizing its use as a ChaGPT-related factor. On the basis of these findings, the study introduces a new conceptual framework for CALL and artificial intelligence language learning (AILL) and suggests that ChatGPT leadership should be promoted at a macro-contextual level that might cover other micro-contextual, personal, and ChatGPT-related factors, including ChatGPT's price-value, personalization, and language learners' motivation, which are important elements to shape learners' approaches to CHAGPTALL.
Current status of developed electrocatalysts for water splitting technologies: from experimental to industrial perspective
Authors: Tran Duy Thanh , Tran Phan Khanh Linh , Malhotra Deepanshu , Nguyen Thanh Hai , Nguyen Tran Thien An , Duong Nguyen Tram Anh , Kim Nam Hoon , Lee Joong Hee
Published: February 2025

The conversion of electricity into hydrogen (H2) gas through electrochemical water splitting using efficient electrocatalysts has been one of the most important future technologies to create vast amounts of clean and renewable energy. Low-temperature electrolyzer systems, such as proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers, alkaline water electrolyzers, and anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers are at the forefront of current technologies. Their performance, however, generally depends on electricity costs and system efficiency, which can be significantly improved by developing high-performance electrocatalysts to enhance the kinetics of both the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction and the anodic oxygen evolution reaction. Despite numerous active research efforts in catalyst development, the performance of water electrolysis remains insufficient for commercialization. Ongoing research into innovative electrocatalysts and an understanding of the catalytic mechanisms are critical to enhancing their activity and stability for electrolyzers. This is still a focus at academic institutes/universities and industrial R&D centers. Herein, we provide an overview of the current state and future directions of electrocatalysts and water electrolyzers for electrochemical H2 production. Additionally, we describe in detail the technological framework of electrocatalysts and water electrolyzers for H2 production as utilized by relevant global companies.

Graphical Abstract
A minimally invasive animal model of atherosclerosis and neointimal hyperplasia for translational research
Authors: Ebert Max L. A. , Schmidt Vanessa F. , Öcal Osman , von Thaden Anne , Dietrich Olaf , Popper Bastian , Elges Sandra , Seidensticker Max , Ricke Jens , Kimm Melanie A. , Jeibmann Astrid , Wildgruber Moritz
Published: February 2025

Background

A variety of animal models has been developed for research on atherosclerosis and neointimal hyperplasia. While small animal models contain limits for translational research, we aimed to develop an atherosclerosis model with lumen-narrowing plaques to foster basic research in vascular biology, the development of new angioplasty devices, and vessel wall imaging approaches.

Methods

Endothelial denudation was performed via a minimally invasive approach through the auricular artery, followed by stent-retriever mediated endothelial injury in New Zealand White rabbits (n = 10). Along with a high-fat diet, the rabbits developed lumen-narrowing atherosclerosis and neointimal hyperplasia of the iliac arteries within a 6-week period after mechanical injury. The stent-retriever method was compared with a conventional rabbit model (n = 10) using balloon denudation via surgical access, and both models were analyzed with a particular focus on animal welfare. Fisher’s exact, Mann–Whitney U, and unpaired t-tests were used.

Results

The average time for the entire procedure was 62 min for the balloon group and 31 min for the stent-retriever group (p < 0.001). The stent-retriever model resulted in less periprocedural morbidity (including expenditure, intubation time, anesthetics, and end-tidal CO2 level) and mortality (40% mortality in the conventional group compared to 0% in the stent-retriever model, p = 0.011), while generating lumen-narrowing atherosclerotic lesions with key features as compared to humans as revealed by time-of-flight magnetic resonance imaging and histology.

Conclusion

We developed a minimally invasive model of iliac atherosclerosis with high reproducibility and improved animal welfare for translational research.

Relevance statement

This advanced rabbit model could allow for translational research in atherosclerosis, including pharmacological investigations as well as research on interventional angioplasty procedures.

Key Points

Rabbit models show similar lipid metabolism as humans.

Stent-retriever mediated endothelial denudation causes neointimal hyperplasia and lumen narrowing.

This minimal invasive model allows for clinical translation, including pharmacological investigations and vessel wall imaging.

Graphical Abstract
Comparative review of transcortical and trans-Sylvian approaches for surgical resection of giant insular gliomas: outcomes and challenges
Authors: Hamissou Moussa Maman Roufai , Agila Rafeq
Published: February 2025

The giant insular glioma is defined as occupying all zone of the insula according to the Berger-Sanai classification. It is often encountered with a large volume, extending to the surrounding areas, functional pathway, and vascular structure, making its surgical resection very challenging for a neurosurgeon. In the literature, some studies revealed that it is more likely not to achieve a great extent of resection and is associated with a high postoperative morbidity rate. However, those studies included different insular gliomas regarding the location, extension, and surgical approach addressed. The giant insular gliomas subtype has been reported in the literature combined with all the insular gliomas and different surgical methods, which may bias the outcomes. The main approaches for insular glioma surgery are transcortical (TC) and trans-Sylvian (TS) approaches. This review aims to evaluate the evidence supporting the use of TS and TC surgical approaches for the management of giant insular gliomas. It will also analyze the associated postoperative outcomes to provide insights into their effectiveness and safety.
Exploring the intricate relationship between public debts and economic development in Nigeria
Authors: Amu Christian Ugwueze , Kanu Success Ikechi , Akuwudike Hilary Chinedu , Okere Kingsley Ikechukwu
Published: February 2025

This study was carried out to ascertain the relationships between public debts and economic development in Nigeria. The specific objectives were to assess the effects of public debt on economic growth rate, aggregate demands, sectoral compositions and to find out if there exists any threshold relationship between debt accumulation and economic development in Nigeria. An ex-post facto research design was adopted in the study. With the aid of E-view statistical package, varied econometric analyses were conducted. Outcome of the study indicates that there exists a significant threshold relationship of between 50 and 60 percent for external debt, while a 15–17 percent threshold was established for domestic debt and debt accumulation in Nigeria. The study also reveals that external and domestic debts both have significant and largely negative impact on economic growth and development in Nigeria. The study therefore recommends that there is need for government at various levels in Nigeria to strive to reduce debt accumulation, especially in the long run by expanding her tax drag nets where necessary for overall and effective public financial management. There is also the need for a strong support for fiscal operations. Debt dependence in Nigeria was identified as a problem of fiscal federalism and claims to resource control among the federating units. It is also recommended that government must provide support for fiscal discipline. This could pave way for effective debt management practice in Nigeria.
Coral snake envenomation induced acute pancreatitis
Authors: Sajjad Erum , Sami Sumayya , Khanum Iffat
Published: February 2025

Background

Coral snakes belong to the elapid group. They are venomous and are highly neurotoxic, but their bites are not considered lethal to life. We describe a case of coral snake poisoning leading to acute pancreatitis, which is a very rare complication reported in literature after snake envenoming.

Case presentation

A young female patient presented with complaints of generalized weakness, muscle spasms, and respiratory distress after the coral snake bite 1 day ago. She had bilateral ptosis and muscle power of 3/5 in all her limbs at the time of presentation for which she received anti-venom along with low-dose intravenous neostigmine in our hospital which improved her ptosis and muscle weakness gradually over 3 days. On day 4th of her admission, she developed severe generalized abdominal pain and tenderness in the epigastrium. Acute pancreatitis was diagnosed after appropriate investigations which was treated with supportive therapy, and the patient improved clinically.

Conclusion

Acute pancreatitis after coral snake envenomation is a rare and serious complication. Timely identification and initiation of appropriate management can improve clinical outcome of the patient.
Adipose tissue-derived microRNA-450a-5p induces type 2 diabetes mellitus by downregulating DUSP10
Authors: Zhu Jiaojiao , Hou Yanting , Yu Wei , Wang Jingzhou , Chu Xiaolong , Zhang Xueting , Pang Huai , Ma Dingling , Tang Yihan , Li Menghuan , Yuan Chenggang , Xie Jianxin , Wang Cuizhe , Zhang Jun
Published: February 2025

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has rapidly increased worldwide, emerging as the fifth leading cause of death. The treatment of T2DM is challenging due to the side effects of oral hypoglycemic drugs and the limited efficacy of long-term insulin therapy, which can lead to insulin resistance (IR). Consequently, there is significant in discovering new drugs that have minimal side effects and a pronounced hypoglycemic effect. In obesity, microRNA levels have been implicated in glucose metabolism disorders and T2DM, although many aspects remain unresolved. Here, we confirmed that visceral adipose tissue and serum microRNA-450a-5p content increased under obesity and T2DM, and it was significantly positively associated with fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins-cholesterol levels of the subjects. In high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice, microRNA-450a-5p expression was increased in the serum, liver, and white adipose tissue. Moreover, the adipose Dicer-knockout mouse model was constructed to identify adipose tissue as the main source of microRNA-450a-5p. microRNA-450a-5p could inactivate the insulin signal pathway by targeting the inhibited Dual Specificity Phosphatase 10 (DUSP10) and inducing IR and glucose metabolism disorders in vitro cultured hepatocytes and adipocytes. Additionally, microRNA-450a-5p was found to regulate DUSP10 expression and insulin signaling activity, influencing glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity across various models, including normal diet, HFD-induced obese, adipose tissue-specific microRNA-450a-5p-knockout, and db/db mice. Furthermore, gallic acid might play a potential role in inhibiting glucose levels by decreasing microRNA-450a-5p expression. Thus, microRNA-450a-5p emerges as an attractive therapeutic target for addressing obesity, IR, and T2DM.
Audio-frequency magnetotelluric data inversion method based on adaptive binary structure constraint and its application in geothermal exploration
Authors: Zhang Rongzhe , Pan Xiaoming , Li Tonglin , Deng Xinhui , Dong Xintong
Published: February 2025

Audio-frequency magnetotelluric (AMT) inversion technology plays a crucial role in the exploration of deep resources, especially in the detection of deep geothermal resources. Although AMT inversion technology has significant advantages in vertical resolution, the inversion process still faces serious challenges of non-uniqueness. To improve the accuracy and reliability of inversion, this paper proposes an AMT data inversion method based on adaptive binary structure constraint. This method incorporates adaptive extraction techniques to conduct a cluster analysis of the resistivity model generated in each iteration, thereby intelligently identifying and distinguishing the target and background areas in the model. These target areas are then used as prior structural information for the next iteration, guiding the refined reconstruction of the resistivity model. During the iteration process, the AMT inversion algorithm focuses on calculating the target areas, while the resistivity values of the background areas remain unchanged. This strategy effectively reduces the degrees of freedom in the inversion problem, lowers the dimension of the solution, thereby improving the computational efficiency and accuracy of the inversion. Model tests show that compared with traditional smoothing constrained AMT inversion method (S-AMT), the adaptive binary structure-constrained AMT inversion method (ABS-AMT) can reconstruct high-resolution refined resistivity models, significantly reducing the uncertainty of inversion. Furthermore, the ABS-AMT method not only reduces the dependence on prior knowledge but also enhances the algorithm's adaptability to different geological conditions. Practical application in the geothermal area of Laosandui in Linjiang City, Jilin Province, China, fully demonstrates the method's effectiveness and significant superiority in actual geothermal exploration through comparative analysis with known geothermal target areas.
LRRC56 deletion causes primary ciliary dyskinesia in mice characterized by dynein arms defects
Authors: Wu Ruolan , Li Huilong , Wu Pingyun , Yang Qi , Wan Xueting , Wu Yuan
Published: February 2025

Leucine Rich Repeat Containing protein 56 (LRRC56), also known as DNAAF12, is a member of the LRRC superfamily, whose dysfunction is associated with mucociliary clearance and laterality defects in humans. Here, we generated LRRC56-knockout mice using the CRISPR/Cas9 nuclease system to specifically target exons 4-5 of the LRRC56 gene. We observed that homozygous LRRC56 gene deletion is definitely deleterious, as 27.8% of LRRC56−/− mice died before adulthood. Among the surviving LRRC56−/− mice, the most prominent phenotypes included hydrocephalus, situs inversus, male infertility, and bronchiectasis. Transmission electron microscopy revealed defects in dynein arms of cilia and disorganized axonemal structure in flagella. Immunofluorescence analysis similarly revealed the absence of inner and outer dynein arm markers DNALI1 and DNAI2 in the cilia. Heterozygous LRRC56+/− mice developed normally, without exhibiting any symptoms of primary ciliary dyskinesia. In conclusion, the knockout of the LRRC56 gene in mice leads to a range of conditions consistent with primary ciliary dyskinesia. The absence of DNALI1 and DNAI2 signaling in knockout mouse cilia supports the critical role of the LRRC56 gene in dynein arm assembly.
Uso da Inteligência Artificial na produção de textos acadêmicos na área da saúde
Authors: Dias Ernandes Gonçalves , De Jesus Pacheco Vagner Bruno
Published: February 2025

A Inteligência Artificial tem revolucionado a produção de textos acadêmicos na área da saúde. Ela oferece benefícios, como o aumento da eficiência e melhoria da qualidade textual. Porém, seu uso apresenta desafios como o risco de plágio, a geração de conteúdo superficial e as questões éticas relacionadas à autoria e à responsabilidade. É fundamental que os pesquisadores utilizem a tecnologia de forma consciente, combinando suas capacidades com o pensamento crítico e a análise humana. A Inteligência Artificial pode ser uma ferramenta útil para auxiliar na produção de textos acadêmicos, mas não deve substituir a capacidade humana de criar, refletir e analisar.
Development of a Health Impact Assessment Implementation Model: Enhancing Intersectoral Approaches in Tackling Health Inequalities- A Mixed Methods Study Protocol
Authors: O'Mullane Monica , Kenny Tara , Nash Kirsty , McHugh Sheena M. , Kavanagh Paul , Smith Katherine , Archibong Uduak
Published: February 2025

Public health research presents compelling evidence that health is socially determined. To address structural inequalities and inequities in health, public policies require intersectoral development and implementation. Health Impact Assessment (HIA) is an established approach for analysing potentially detrimental health impacts of policies, programmes, and projects, as well as potentially positive impacts and opportunities. National public health policy, Healthy Ireland (2013–2025), endorses an intersectoral whole-of-system approach to ensure that health is a central part of all relevant policy areas. HIA is endorsed in this policy as one way to drive this agenda. Synergising with this policy commitment for HIA, the all-island Institute of Public Health Ireland produced revised HIA guidance in 2021. Two HIAs will be carried out as part of this project, including one at a local policy level, addressing the Cork City Development Plan (2022–2028), and the second HIA at a national policy level, addressing the Irish Government’s Climate Action Plan (2024). The updated HIA guidance will be used in the conduct of these HIAs. This research project involves a co-creation of a Health Impact Assessment Implementation Model by employing an action research approach with implementation science frameworks to the conduct of the two HIAs. Therefore, the process of doing the HIAs will form the basis for the research study. In order to enhance meaningful community involvement in HIA in Ireland, the project will co-create a Community Engagement Toolkit for HIA. This Model will strengthen researcher, policy actor, practitioner, community, and voluntary sector capacity to collaboratively develop and implement intersectoral and equitable policy responses to major population health issues.
Communicating with Deaf Patients in the Clinical Environment through Deaf-Hearing Teams: Lessons Learned from a Virtual Patient Panel
Authors: Snyder Natalie P. , Olonilua Benedicta O. , Frasso Rosemary , Croce Julia , Papanagnou Dimitrios
Published: February 2025

Background Communication and cultural differences predispose Deaf patients to suboptimal healthcare. Despite this disparity, health professionals have historically received little to no training in caring for Deaf patients. Patient panels are an effective tool in medical education to model communication strategies. Objective In this paper, we describe the design, implementation, and results of a virtual patient panel focused on communicating with Deaf patients in clinical contexts. We offer practical suggestions for incorporating similar educational interventions in health professions education to prepare trainees to effectively navigate these conversations with their patients. Methods The panel consisted of a one-hour question and answer discussion facilitated by the authors with Deaf patients and Certified Deaf Interpreters (CDI). The panel was presented to 271 second-year medical students at our institution in November of 2023. Following this discussion, students were encouraged to share one or two key takeaways from the session through a survey link. These results were analyzed using pile-sorting qualitative analysis to identify main themes. Results There were 73 respondents, with a response rate of 27%. After the panel, the most popular takeaway points from student reflections included communication (n=56, 77%) and access to care (n=47, 64%), followed by autonomy (n=17, 23%), the doctor-patient relationship (n=15, 21%), and culture (n=11, 15%). Based on this initiative, we identified and offer twelve tips for developing similar exercises. These tips are thematically presented under three groupings: Virtual Panel Considerations, Curricular Considerations, and Special Considerations with Deaf Panelists. Conclusion This patient panel was the first of its kind in our medical school curriculum. Important considerations in panel design and implementation should focus on delivery time constraints with live-interpreting and further exploring the role of trust and communication in the physician-patient relationship.
Radiation Fields and Safety Zones for Nuclear Systems on Planetary Surfaces
Authors: Gilbert Alexander Q.
Published: February 2025

There is increasing government and private sector interest in sending astronauts and advanced robotic equipment to the Moon for lunar exploration, space mining, and commerce. Space nuclear technologies, including both radioisotope and fission energy, are enabling technologies that could support such activities through lunar night survival and high-energy activities like space mining. Both NASA’s flagship Artemis program and China’s International Lunar Research Station aim to send astronauts to the lunar surface within a decade, and eventually establish a base. The potential for astronauts from multiple countries and companies to operate near space nuclear systems makes radiation safety an important technical and policy consideration for nuclear system developers and mission planners. However, there is relatively limited norms, standards, or guidance about how to safety site and operate space nuclear systems in proximity to astronauts on planetary surfaces. This paper proposes the development of the “radiation field” concept to represent the radiation emissions from space nuclear systems and facilitate their incorporation in lunar policy and mission planning. It reviews potential dose thresholds for different zones and proposes using the safety zone policy mechanism proposed by the international Artemis Accords to communicate radiation field information. Its findings provide the initial basis for developing radiation safety practices for astronauts on the surface of the Moon and Mars.
Lifting the Curtain: The Support Behind the Scenes of AI Practitioner
Authors: Aitken Shelagh , Godwin Lindsey N
Published: February 2025

The Open Issue has become an annual feature of AI Practitioner. It is the one issue that doesn’t have a linking theme for the articles. Instead, authors share their thoughts, their interests and their passions related to Appreciative Inquiry. This introduction explains how AI Practitioner issues, including this one, come together, based on and created using Appreciative Inquiry principles.
Building a Brighter Future: Positive Creativity in Healthcare Strategy
Authors: McKernan Kim Marie , Fulcher Terry , McCormick Mike , McKee Jeffrey
Published: February 2025

This article examines the strategic planning approach of Community Health Centers-Burlington in Vermont, USA, highlighting the integration of Positive Creativity, a combination of Appreciative Inquiry and the Science of Creativity. Involving the organization’s employees and partners enabled alignment and new opportunities.
DEL GRAFITI AL STREET ART.
Authors: González Bejarano Alejandra
Published: February 2025

Este artículo analiza el grafiti desde que surgió en los barrios marginados de Nueva
York y Filadelfia a manos de jóvenes pandilleros que buscaban reconocimiento
personal hasta desembocar en el Street Art. Se explican las causas que originaron su
nacimiento y su evolución a través de las historias entrelazadas de sus protagonistas.
LA CONTROVERSIA EN EL ARTE CONTEMPORÁNEO.
Authors: Rieux García Anaix
Published: February 2025

El artículo analiza los distintos conceptos y posicionamientos sobre la naturaleza del
arte contemporáneo, con especial atención a las distintas fuentes de pensamiento
y los razonamientos que pudieron sustentar algunas de las principales claves de su
evolución a lo largo del siglo XX. Para ello analiza una serie de pares de valores,
como la relación entre arte y mercado y la evolución de esa relación en función de
los grandes cambios sociales y la mentalidad en torno al nuevo arte.
SUSANA PÉREZ: ENTRE LO TANGIBLE Y LO ETÉREO.
Authors: Calvo Lázaro Rocío
Published: February 2025

Susana Pérez Barrera es una artista multidisciplinar de Huelva que se ha desarrollado
en diferentes técnicas artísticas como la obra gráfica, el grabado, el dibujo, la
ilustración, la pintura, la cerámica y la instalación. Principalmente destaca como
ilustradora y pintora. Su pintura actualmente es totalmente abstracta y surge desde
la introspección y de lo que siente y necesita expresar en cada momento. Cuenta
con numerosas exposiciones en las que ha participado, tanto de forma colectiva
como individual, a nivel nacional e internacional. El principal objetivo de este
artículo es poner en valor y dar visibilidad a la trayectoria artística de esta pintora
y su evolución.
Bayesian and Randomized Clock Auctions
Authors: Feldman Michal , Gkatzelis Vasilis , Gravin Nick , Schoepflin Daniel
Published: February 2025

The recently introduced and highly practical class of deferred acceptance clock auctions offers a unique combination of desirable properties, including obvious strategy-proofness, unconditional winner privacy, and transparency. Early excitement around these auctions was dampened due to a result demonstrating that no deterministic and prior-free clock auction can guarantee better than a logarithmic approximation of the optimal social welfare, even in simple settings. In “Bayesian and Randomized Clock Auctions,” Feldman, Gkatzelis, Gravin, and Schoepflin reignite this excitement by demonstrating that one can achieve improved results for a wide class of instances if a clock auction can either use randomization or has access to prior information. The authors provide three different clock auctions that achieve these improved guarantees given access to different amounts of prior information, exhibiting how additional information can further simplify the auction design.
When Lives Are at Stake: Managing Temporal Complexity with a Strategy Process Repertoire
Authors: Stonig Joachim , Müller-Stewens Günter
Published: February 2025

Humanitarian organizations assisting victims of armed conflict face fragmented and potentially conflicting temporal demands on strategy making. Annual donor funding requires detailed planning, unpredictable outbreaks of war and violence demand quick and flexible decisions, and long-term societal challenges must be addressed over the next decades. Few studies have examined how organizations can achieve temporal fit in such temporally complex environments without accepting internal fragmentation or decoupling from certain temporal demands. We draw on a longitudinal case study of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), a humanitarian organization with the mandate to aid victims of armed conflict, to explore this gap. We find that the ICRC has developed a repertoire of multiple distinct strategy processes tailored to the fragmented temporal demands. These processes include emergency responses, strategic planning, and long-term strategizing. Although each strategy process retained its distinctiveness, their loose coupling ensured a sufficient alignment of resource allocation in pursuit of the organization’s humanitarian mandate. Strong shared principles and an episodic activation of strategy processes helped to manage the inherent complexity of loose coupling. Thus, strategy process repertoires may form a capability supporting strategic decision making in temporally complex environments. Our study contributes to strategy process research by introducing loose coupling as a mechanism for integrating multiple strategy processes with different temporalities, complementing previous studies on strategy processes as a tightly coupled structural context. Furthermore, we advance theorizing on ambitemporality by analyzing how the loose coupling of internal temporal structures may help organizations cope with temporal complexity.
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel MXeneCeria Heterostructure by Integration of Ti3C2Tx Quantum Dots into Fluorescent Nano-octahedral CeO2
Authors: Rafieerad Alireza , Khanahmadi Soofia , Dhingra Sanjiv
Published: February 2025

Herein, we report the synthesis of a new stable zero/one-dimensional composite heterostructure “MXeneCeria” by integrating titanium carbide MXene (Ti3C2Tx) nanosheets-derived quantum dots with nano-octahedral particles of ceria (CeO2). This unique assimilation resulted in the formation of an auto-fluorescent aqueous colloidal material, which is detectable in fluorescent colors across various wavelengths, ranging from blue to green and red. The unique physicochemical properties of MXeneCeria make it a very promising nanocomposite and it may open a gateway to its potential applications in the biomedical field including tracking, immunoengineering, cell therapy, and targeted drug delivery.
Fixation of Pubic and Acetabular Pathologic Fracture with Curvafix Nail and Concurrent Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA,, Bassil Alex , Blevins Kier ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA., Eward Will ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The pelvis is one of the most common sites for metastatic spread to bone. Ensuing pathologic fractures pose major issues to patients. Fixation becomes essential to decrease pain and allow for weight-bearing. However, the pelvis poses a unique challenge as there are certain portions like the pubis that, because of their natural curve, are not amenable to plate or screw fixation.

Case Report: A 76-year-old female with known bone metastases presented to clinic with right hip pain. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis revealed a new lesion in the lateral superior ramus involving the medial acetabulum. She also had osteoarthritis of the hip, for which she had an upcoming total hip arthroplasty scheduled. We performed intramedullary fixation of the lesion in the lateral superior ramus with a Curvafix nail concurrently with total hip arthroplasty.

Conclusion: This case report demonstrates the utilization of a Curvafix nail in the oncologic context of an anterior column acetabular fracture along with a concurrent ipsilateral total hip arthroplasty.

Keywords: Curvafix nail, THA, pubis, acetabulum, pathologic fracture.
Computed Tomography Guided Biopsy and Gene X-pert MTB/Rif Ultra can be Deceptive in Spondylodiscitis – A Rare Case Report of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Mimicking Spondylodiscitis
Authors:   Centre for Bone and Joint, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Medical Research Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Deshpande Vyankatesh , Pawar Abhijit ,   Centre for Bone and Joint, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Medical Research Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Desouza Clevio ,   Centre for Bone and Joint, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Medical Research Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Adepu Hari Charan ,   Centre for Bone and Joint, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Medical Research Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of spinal infections, frequently presenting as spondylodiscitis. However, its clinical and radiological features can resemble those of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (HL). While Gene X-pert MTB/Rif Ultra and computed tomography (CT)-guided biopsies are common diagnostic tools for TB, they may sometimes be inconclusive. In such cases, HL should be considered as a differential diagnosis. Positron emission tomography-CT (PET-CT) scans are useful in assessing whether the disease is metabolically active. Accurate and timely diagnosis is essential for effective treatment, especially when initial tests suggest an infectious cause.

Case Report: A 16-year-old male presented with lower back pain radiating to the lower limbs and difficulty walking. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed vertebral body destruction suggestive of spondylodiscitis. Despite anti-tubercular therapy, his condition worsened. Gene X-pert MTB/Rif Ultra and multiple CT-guided biopsies initially suggested a granulomatous lesion but did not confirm TB. Subsequent imaging revealed systemic nodular lesions, raising the suspicion of malignancy. Immunohistochemical studies confirmed HL with positivity for CD15 and CD30. The patient responded positively to chemotherapy and has been in remission for 1 year.

Conclusion: This case underscores the diagnostic challenges of distinguishing between spinal TB and HL. Initial tests such as Gene X-pert MTB/Rif Ultra and CT-guided biopsies can sometimes produce false negatives, leading to delays in accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. The use of PET-CT and detailed immune-histochemical analysis proved crucial in this case, emphasizing the importance of a comprehensive diagnostic approach when conventional treatments fail. This case contributes to the orthopedic literature by highlighting the need to consider HL in differential diagnoses and the role of advanced imaging and biopsies in ensuring timely and accurate diagnosis.

Keywords: Hodgkin’s lymphoma, spondylodiscitis, tuberculosis, gene X-pert MTB/Rif ultra, computed tomography-guided biopsy, positron emission tomography-computed tomography, differential diagnosis.