bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potencial antifúngico de TIPI (Petiveria alliacea L.) Eem fungos de Aspergillus flavus
Authors: Pompermayer Machado Levi , Alves Ramos Manuella
Published: August 2020

The research for new alternatives for inhibition and control of pathogenic microorganisms of economic importance has been the object of numerous studies since the 1950s. The application of medicinal plants highlight as a promising source of molecules with antimicrobial potential. The present work evaluated the antifungal potential of crude extracts obtained from fresh or dried leaves of Petiveria alliaceaL. (Tipi), using methanol or hexane as solvents, against the economically important fungus Aspergillus flavus. The assays were carried out in March and April 2017. The extracts were prepared at the concentration of 5 mg.mL-1, after dilution directly in the BDA medium (potato, dextrose and agar), the fungus A. flavuswas inoculated by conidia suspension. Theextract prepared with fresh leaves and methanol inhibited mycelial growth by 56.67%, while the dried leaf extract using the same solvent inhibited 100% fungal growth. Both treatments with hexane extract also inhibited 100% mycelial growth in relation to the control assay. The extract of P. alliaceashowed high effectiveness in the inhibition of A. flavusfungus, providing unprecedented information for future investigations of the bioactive potential of the plant
A inserção de jogos na disciplina pesquis aplicada: Um relato de experiência
Authors: de Carvalho Andrade Ana Lucia
Published: August 2020

Facilitating teaching-learning instruments are being implemented in several areas of education. This article brings one of these instruments, the game, which serves as support in pedagogical practice. It presents a qualitative approach to Higher Education in the course ofAdministration of Faesa Cariacica, taking into account the principles adopted for "Faesa Class", inserting the play as a facilitator of the teaching and learning of the seventh period students. To this end, it was proposed that students use Portuguese language board games for a better performance in writing the Course Completion Work Research Project. During the accomplishment of such activities, it was verified that playfulness, besides promoting the apprehension of the contents referring to the native language, also stimulates the perception, the concentration and the interaction between the students. Thus, the methodology adopted contributes much to the understanding about the academic subject taught, especially, to those students with greater difficultyin using the native language. It was also noticed that students became protagonists of knowledge and the teacher a mediator
Metodologias ativas: A aprendizagem significativa em primeiro plano
Authors: Alves de Almeida Antonio
Published: August 2020

This article is the result of a course held in the city of Lorena (SP), with lecturers from renowned universities in the USA and Canada. The main objective of this work is to present the concept of Active Learning Methodologies, with a brief historical review, its potential and challenges in the Brazilian educational context.
O Conhecimento de marketing esportivo contido em revustas de administração e educação fisica no período de 2002 a 2012
Authors: Santana Bruno Daniel , Madeira Magalhães Anderson , Gomes Ferreira Weber
Published: August 2020

The objective of this research is to investigate and analyze the studies on sports marketing in the magazines of Administration and Physical Education between 2002 and 2012, regarding the knowledge of sports marketing. This is an exploratory and bibliographic study. The identification of the relevant articles occurred from a visit to the websites of the magazines, consulting the summaries, and when identifying in the title of the article the key words, Sports Management, Sports Management and Sports Marketing, the summaries of the texts were read to confirm adequacy to the study objectives. Those considered relevant were cataloged in the research database for further analysis. Among the themes presented in the research, it can be seen that the two areas of knowledge Administration and Physical Education dealt with the same subjects as: management and image. During the 10 yearsperiod, there were mishaps in the publications with large intervals in the texts presented and some themes chosen due to opportunitiesfor research due to sporting events that were performed. Finally, in the research it was concluded that, for the sample surveyed, we saw that sports marketing is little used in Brazil in the scientific field.
Plano de metas e recompensas no setor bancário: A percepção dos gerentes de uma instituição estadual
Authors: Turella Cintia Cibele , Eckert Alex , Silocchi Adriane Maria
Published: August 2020

The high competitiveness among banking institutions that aim for bigger profits, each year, makes the offer of financial products and services increase to customers. To motivate account managers, institutions offer incentives as rewards in sales campaigns,trying to encourage employees to achieve established goals. The Reward System can be conceptualized in an extremely simple way, like "Do this and receive it". Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate if a Reward System motivates the account manager to achieve established goals. In methodological terms, this is a case study, descriptive and qualitative, through individual interviews with managers of individual and legal accounts in a public banking institution, raising opinions on the sales campaigns. The result found indicates the effectiveness of the banking institution in establishing the campaigns to achieve the objectives of the company, however, when it comes to motivation and the rewards offered as a form of awards, these do not always meetthe objective, appearing objections on the part of the interviewees about the rewards offered.
Virando a página: A leitura que liberta
Authors: Alves de Almeida Antonio
Published: August 2020

This article introduces the ongoing process in an extension project called Turning the Page. It consists of a partnership between the Espirito Santo Public Defense with Faesa-university Center. Its main objective is to bring the inmates of the Prison Complex of Xuri (ES) literary works, by stimulating the reading with the possible remission of the sentence. The responsible team -composed of four graduating teachers of Pedagogy and the coordinator of the respective Project -prepares classes, guides activities, contextualizes the author and the work, as well as systematizes the
Female Electability in the Arab World: The Advantages of Intersectionality
Authors: Kao Kristen , Benstead Lindsay J.
Published: August 2020

Many studies of women's electability in the developing world focus on single traits such as gender, ethnicity, or religion. Employing an original survey experiment in Jordan, we examine the impacts of multiple, intersecting candidate identities on voter preferences. We show empirically
that existing theories of electoral behavior alone cannot account for women's electability. An intersectional lens that considers how power structures shape electability and produce complex effects that must be empirically verified in different contexts is needed. Although less electable overall,
female candidates fare as well as males from similar social identity groups. Our findings underscore the need to apply intersectionality to theories of electoral behavior in the developing world and lay the groundwork for a larger research agenda explaining women's electability in Arab elections.
Can the Subaltern Speak in Criminology? Analysing the Production of Knowledge on Crimes of the Powerful in the 21st Century through Latin American Postcolonial Lenses
Authors: Valdés-Riesco Amalia
Published: August 2020

Through postcolonial criminological lens, this article attempts to evidence the domination of knowledge in criminology of Crimes of the powerful in the Global North and Anglo-language countries, and whether this domination translates into an influence of knowledge in Latin America and the Caribbean in the 21st century. To address this, a scoping review search was developed to find research articles focused on Crimes of the powerful both globally and in Latin American countries, and a citation analysis performed on specific studies. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied as a search strategy. The results demonstrate that a high level of concentration exists in the production of knowledge of Crimes of the powerful studies in the Global North and Anglo-language countries compared to the Global South and non-Anglo-language countries, and also evidence the high level of influence of knowledge that Global North countries have on Latin American studies.
Assessing and Prioritizing Critical Success Factors and Delays of Project Management Implementation: Empirical Evidence at Construction Projects in Jordan
Authors: Mohammad Omoush Majd
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this research paper is to assessing and prioritizing critical success (CSFs) factors and delays of project management implementation by there a comprehensive taxonomy of CSFs and delays for project management. A total of 44 articles were reviewed to achieve an intensity of understanding of the various CSFs and delays already identified by other researchers and presenting a comprehensive classification of CSFs and delays in the area of project management in Jordanian construction project. Within this context, a questionnaire survey was carried out and among 98 personnel from 20 Jordanian construction projects. Afterward surveying project managers, engineers, and senior departments in Jordanian construction projects for the Relevance and importance of factors extracted from the field by analyzing all CFSs and delays mentioned in the literature. This research relied on the means values representing the means evaluations for the participants’ opinions. A 5-poits Likert scale was used; the success and delays factors were represented by five (5) major factors like the human’s related factors, organizational and managerial, material factor, project related factors, and the External Environment &Stack holder.

This research used taxonomies to classify the means values throughout three ideas the first one classification of the major success factors and delays, second one to explore the sub success factors and delays within each major factor and finally to explore what is the most important sub success factors and delays regardless of the major factor its part of. Based on the analyses For the major success factors based on priority ranking the Projects related factors was the most important success and delays factor, while the factor Human Related was the lea important factor being evaluated For the humans related factors the sub factor “coherent team.” was the most sub factor evaluated , For the organizational and managerial sub factors “Functional manager support” was the most sub factor evaluated finally For the materials sub factors “Availability of materials” was the most sub factor evaluated?
Building Legislative Frameworks
Authors: Mokgothu Tshepo
Published: August 2020

Building Legislative Frameworks: Domestication of the Financial Action Task Force Recommendations

As the international financial framework develops it has brought with it dynamic national legislative reforms. The article establishes how the domestication of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) Recommendations directly affects national legislative processes as the FATF mandate does not have due regard to national legislative drafting processes when setting up obligations for domestication. The article tests the FATF Recommendations against conventional legislative drafting processes and identifies that, the proposed structures created by the FAFT do not conform to traditional legislative drafting processes. Due regard to functionality and efficacy is foregone for compliance. It presents the experience of three countries which have domesticated the FATF Recommendations and proves that the speed at which compliance is required leads to entropic legislative drafting practices which affects harmonisation of national legislation.
Green Chemistry Approach to the Synthesis of Biscoumarins from 4-Hydroxycoumarin
Authors: Lončar Mirjana , Kovač Marija , Molnar Maja
Published: August 2020

Numerous biological and pharmacological properties of coumarins have designated them as significant synthetic target in many fields. Biscoumarins are considered as an important class of coumarin derivatives that show remarkable pharmacological properties. Therefore, development of the efficient new methods for their synthesis, based on green methodology, would be of a great importance in medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry.
In this work, the ultrasound and microwave assisted synthesis of biscoumarins, starting from corresponding aldehydes and 4-hydroxycoumarin is reported. Molecular iodine was used as an efficient and inexpensive catalyst for a simple synthesis, to obtain excellent yields using ethanol as a solvent. It was found that 10 % (n/n) of molecular iodine catalyzes biscoumarin synthesis in high yields (80–94 %) and in short reaction times, using both ultrasound, as well as microwave promoted conditions. Furthermore, when those two methods are compared, ultrasound promoted reactions were proven to be more suitable for this kind of reaction.
Outcomes of Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty with Anatomical AURA II Stem
Authors: Drobniewski Marek , Krasińska Magdalena , Synder Marek , Borowski Andrzej
Published: August 2020

Background. The aim of the paper is to describe the outcomes of hip arthroplasty with the anatomical AURA II stem (BIOMET).
Material and methods. The study enrolled 189 patients (105 women and 84 men) who underwent a total of 213 hip arthroplasty procedures with the anatomical AURA II stem. Mean age of the patients at surgery was 61.7 years (range: 21 to 76 years) and mean follow-up period was 131.9 months (11 years).
Results. Pre-operative Merle d’Aubigne-Postel scores (modified by Charnley) of the study group were poor in all patients. Mean post-operative improvement in the scores was 6.8 points. Excellent results were obtained in 123 cases, good in 22, fair in 24 and poor in 44 cases. The poor results were always associated with acetabular cup loosening. A total of 13 (6.1%), patients developed heterotopic ossification. According to the Kaplan-Meier estimator, 10 years’ survival probability was 76.19% for the whole endoprosthesis and 100% for the stem alone.
Conclusions. 1. Our follow-up data from a mean of 11 years show that the use of the anatomical AURA II stem results in a considerable reduction in hip pain and produces good and lasting clinical outcomes. 2. With good surgical technique and in the absence of complications, the risk of aseptic loosening is minimal.
The Effects of Diaphragmatic Breathing and Omeprazole on Respiratory Indices and Diaphragmatic Excursion in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: Ahmadi Mehdi , Amiri Mohsen , Rezaeian Tahere , Rezadoost Amir Mansour , Bakhshi Enayatollah , Abdollahi Iraj
Published: August 2020

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders that can disturb patients’ respiratory indices. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) such as omeprazole are currently the most common treatment in the patients. PPI-refractory GERD is a clinical problem constituting around 30% of patients with GERD. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of diaphragmatic breathing (DB) and omeprazole on respiratory indices (RI) and diaphragmatic excursion (DEX) in patients with GERD. Methods: This is a clinical trial conducted for eight weeks among 40 patients with severe GERD in Tehran in 2018. The block randomization method was designed to randomize 40 patients into two groups (DB and control) that resulted in equal sample sizes. The control group received omeprazole 20 mg once daily, and the DB group, in addition to omeprazole, performed DB. Respiratory indices, including (Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1), Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF)), and DEX were evaluated before, immediately, and six weeks after the end of intervention by spirometry and ultrasonography; respectively. Results: There was no significant difference in the RI and DEX before the intervention between groups. FVC (P = 0.04) and PEF (P = 0.02) significantly changed in the control group, but FEV1 (P = 0.001), FVC (P = 0.002), PEF (P = 0.001) and DEX (0.001) significantly changed after DB. There was a significant difference in terms of RI between before and followed up in DB. Conclusions: Diaphragmatic breathing with omeprazole had more effects on RI and DEX than omeprazole alone. The positive effects of DB remain at least six weeks after the end of the intervention.
Estimation of PM2.5 Pollutant and Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in Ahvaz, Iran
Authors: Zallaghi Elahe , Goudarzi Gholamreza , Sabzalipour Sima , Zarasvandi Alireza
Published: August 2020

Background: Urban air pollution was known to be one of the most important environmental problems due to its serious impact on human and environmental health. Among air pollutants, PM2.5 was the most common pollutant emitted by vehicles and dust and had negative consequences for human health, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Objectives: This study aimed to assess the change levels of PM2.5 pollutants and their effect on COPD outcomes in ten years (2008 - 2017) in Ahvaz. Methods: Data were taken from the Ahvaz Department of Environment (ADoE). Data validation was performed using WHO criteria. The average time of PM2.5 was computed, and its health effects were obtained by entering its annual data and population at risk, baseline incidence (BI), and relative risk index for COPD outcomes in AirQ + software. The PM2.5 concentration average in total time changes in Ahvaz city was higher than the standard concentration set by WHO. The AQI index indicated that the city of Ahvaz did not have a good day in total during the ten-year time. Results: The result of time changes and AQI index indicated that 2010 was the most polluted year with 47 unhealthy days and 27 dangerous days. Also, with the enhancement in the PM2.5 annual concentrations, the mortality attributed to this pollution has increased as a consequence of the COPD outcome. The highest and lowest average cases COPD were 24 people in 2010 and 18 people in 2014, respectively. Conclusions: According to the results of this study, the air quality of Ahvaz city was in an unfavorable condition in terms of PM2.5 pollutions and the authorities should take the necessary measures to control and reduce pollution in the metropolis of Ahvaz for PM2.5 and reduce the mortality for the COPD health outcome.
Assessing the Wild Mammals Status Affected by Human Wastes, Based on the Field Works and MCDM Analysis
Authors: Ahmadipari Masumeh , Pazoki Maryam , Ghobadi Morteza
Published: August 2020

Background: Waste has negative impacts on animal species and their habitats. Objectives: This study was aimed to evaluate the wild mammals status affected by human wastes. Methods: The study was carried out in villages of Oshtorankooh protected area of Lorestan province in 2019. The quality and quantity of waste was measured by sampling and measuring waste in 42 villages. The Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) in combination with the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) was used to evaluate impacts. Results: The waste generation rate and density were 555 g/day and 412 kg/m3, respectively. Also, the results of ranking showed that Canis lupus, Vulpes vulpes, and Hyaena hyaena were ranked with the highest scores of 2.260, 1.958, and 1.948, respectively, and these species were more affected. Conclusions: It is necessary to consider waste effects on animal species, and according to the results of TOPSIS and impacts assessment, the presented method has shown good performance.
Primary Histiocytic Sarcoma, an Extremely Rare Neoplasm: Report of a Case Presenting as a Skin Lesion
Authors: Esfandbod Mohsen , Shateri Amiri Bahareh , Ghanadan Alireza , Taslimi Reza , Kosari Farid
Published: August 2020

: Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a very rare neoplasm of hematopoietic origin characterized by the proliferation of malignant cells that have the morphological and immunohistochemical features of mature tissue histiocytes, with only a few cases reported. Most patients with symptoms of the unilateral or multichannel disease are more involved with the intestines, skin, and soft tissues, palpable mass lesions, and compressions of adjacent organs, such as intestinal obstruction, or constitutional symptoms (e.g., fever and weight loss). In this study, we reported a 56-year-old man with a six-month history of a cutaneous plaque lesion on the left arm’s posterior surface. He underwent skin lesion biopsy, histopathologic examination, and immunohistochemistry that was compatible with histiocytic sarcoma. Since surgical resection not deemed appropriate, our patient underwent aggressive multiagent chemotherapy with six cycles of ICE (ifosfamide, mesna, carboplatin, and etoposide) regimen and radiotherapy. After the completion of chemoradiotherapy, the skin lesion was completely disappeared. The patient is currently coming to us for the follow-up without any recurrence of the disease.
Counseling Lesser and Proportionate Evils
Authors: Pruss Alexander R. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2020

It is widely thought that it can be permissible to persuade someone set on a greater evil to commit a lesser evil instead, though the question is not without controversy. I argue that a version of this kind of Principle of Counseling Lesser Evil can be derived from the Principle of Double Effect and some considerations about the way human choices work. As an application, I argue that giving bribes to officials who otherwise would not do their job might be considered a special case of this counseling principle.
Believing the Incomprehensible God
Authors: Rooney James Dominic ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2020

There has been recent epistemological interest as to whether knowledge is “transmitted” by testimony from the testifier to the hearer, where a hearer acquires knowledge “second-hand.” Yet there is a related area in epistemology of testimony which raises a distinct epistemological problem: the relation of understanding to testimony. In what follows, I am interested in one facet of this relation: whether/how a hearer can receive testimonial knowledge without fully understanding the content of the testimony? I use Thomas Aquinas to motivate a case where, in principle, the content of received testimony cannot be understood but nevertheless constitutes knowledge. Aquinas not only argues that we can receive testimonial knowledge without understanding the content of that testimony, but that we have duties to do so in certain cases.
Philosophy, Freedom, and Public Life
Authors: Roniger Scott J. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2020

I argue that one of the fundamental conflicts between Socrates and his interlocutors (Gorgias, Polus, and Callicles) in the Gorgias concerns the nature of human freedom. Against the increasingly grandiose and aggressive claims of his interlocutors, Socrates sees true freedom as requiring discipline in speech and deed. Plato has Socrates argue for a concept of human freedom that finds its fulfillment in happiness only by being channeled through the funnels of philosophy and justice. Central to this Platonic understanding of freedom is the role of eros and imitation. Socrates’s love of truth is the foundation for freedom because it motivates the search for a vision of the true good and therefore provides a formation in justice, creating the space for friendship in community life, that is, for civilization. By contrast, Callicles’s love of the dēmos is an extension of disordered self-love, impelling him to seek the means to placate the masses so that he can enlarge his appetites and continually fill them. Such love enslaves Callicles, corrupts political life, and vitiates the possibility of friendship. Finally, I connect these Platonic insights to central themes in Catholic Social Teaching.
Prevalence, Trends and Predictors of Small Size Babies in Nigeria: Analysis of Data from Two Recent Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys
Authors: Wegbom Anthony Ike , Edet Clement Kevin , Kiri Victor Alangibi
Published: August 2020

Background: Despite low birth weight (LBW) role on child growth, development, and survival in developing countries, it has not been given the desired priority in terms of research, at the national level in Nigeria. Our study aims to estimate the trend in the prevalence of small size babies and to identify its predictors using nationally representative data.
Methods: We used the 2013 and 2018 data from the Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey using the statistical methods of descriptive analysis and logistic regression modelling.
Results: The proportion of babies reported to have small size at birth in Nigeria declined from 14.9% in 2013 to 13.7% in 2018. Various factors from demographic, socio-economic, and health-seeking behaviour were identified as significant predictors. Women who received iron pills and tetanus toxoids during pregnancy had at most 79% and 80% less risk of having small size babies, respectively, than those who received none of these two. Female children had at least 21% more chance of being small in size than male children. Other key predictors were geopolitical region, maternal age at child birth, maternal literacy level, wealth status, religion, source of water supply, number of ANC visits during pregnancy, and desirousness of pregnancy.
Conclusion: In light of the adverse effects of low birth weight on child well-being, we recommend the implementation and prioritization of active, resourceful public health interventions that account for the findings of this study, if Nigeria is to sustain the progress achieved so far in reducing its current high rate.
Malnutrition and Associated Factors with Nutritional Status among Orphan Children: An Evidence-Based Study from Nepal
Authors: Acharya Shiva Raj , Adhikari Shiksha , Pahari Sandip , Shin Yong Chul , Moon Deog Hwan
Published: August 2020

Background: Malnutrition is a common public health problem among children in low and middle-income developing countries. Orphan's children are vulnerable and neglected groups in society and are more prone to malnutrition. The study aims to identify the prevalence of underweight, stunting, thinness, and factors associated with nutritional status among orphan children. Methods: Quantitative method & analytical cross-sectional research design were used to assess the nutritional status and its associated factors among orphan children in Pokhara Valley, Nepal. The sample size of 160 children was obtained by a simple random technique. The semi-structured questionnaire, digital bathroom scale, stadiometer was used as the data collection technique. Data management and analysis were done from Epi-info, SPSS 25 version, and WHO Anthro plus. Findings: The majority of children were malnourished (80.6%) with the prevalence of stunting (55.1%), thinness (13.8%), and overweight (6.9%). Prevalence of underweight, stunting, and thinness was high among the boys (85.5%, 26.3%, and 15.8%), but overweight was more prevalent among the girls (7.1%). Ethnicity, sex, age, stay duration in an orphanage, and education of caregivers was associated with the nutritional status of orphan children (p <0.05). Non-privileged children and children below 11 years were more prone to malnutrition. Conclusion: Malnutrition is highly prevalent in orphan children and needs to be addressed. There is still limited study available on the nutritional status of orphan children in Nepal. Nutritional status should be monitored regularly for early identification and timely intervention of malnutrition to promote the nutrition health status of orphan children
Properties and Applications of Biodegradable Polymers
Authors: Patwary M.A. Sayed , Surid S.M. , Gafur M.A.
Published: August 2020

Biodegradable materials are one of the major discussable matters in the modern world. To keep and produce environment-friendly products for our daily usage the utilization of degradable materials is increasing at a high rate. The modern world wants sustainable products which will not bring about any harm to the environment. Products made from plastics are sustainable but they cause great harm to our environment due to lack of degradation property. After the end of our usage, these materials can sustain for a long time without any degradation which causes a supreme level of loss to our environment. But if we can produce products by using biodegradable raw materials, they will be degraded by the action of bio-organisms hence our environment will be protected from a great loss. So, it has become a crying need for us to use biodegradable raw materials in our products. The materials which are not biodegradable cause a great pollution especially soil pollution. To protect the world from the cruel humiliation of waste, it has become an overwhelming necessity to manufacture biodegradable products, which can quickly be degraded in the environment, from our daily useable items. The materials contain almost all the properties which are suitable for our environment. Already these materials have been using in several sectors and showing their applications for their friendly properties.
Numerical simulation of enhanced oil recovery studies for aqueous gemini surfactant‐polymer‐nanoparticle systems
Authors: Pal Nilanjan , Mandal Ajay
Published: August 2020

The article investigates the efficacy of gemini surfactant/polymer/nanoparticle flooding on chemical EOR. Initially, physicochemical behavior of aqueous chemical fluids were investigated via interfacial tension reduction, wettability alteration, adsorption, viscosity moderation and oil displacement experiments. During compositional analysis, Cartesian model with specified grid properties, injection flow‐rate, well pattern, and rock‐fluid characteristics was developed using CMG‐STARS tool. Contour map analyses showed that oil saturation decreased from ~80% (initial) to 31.96%, 30.68%, and 29.30% after {14‐6‐14 GS + chase water}, {14‐6‐14 GS + PHPA + chase water}, and {14‐6‐14 GS + PHPA + SiO2 chase water} flooding respectively. Tertiary recoveries of 15–19% were achieved, depending on injected fluid composition. Experimental data were history matched via CMOST tool to achieve good matching of simulated results. The CMG flooding simulator provides a holistic approach to investigate oil displacement profiles, assess flooding recovery capabilities with near‐accuracy and predict the feasibility of proposed chemical EOR projects.
Radon and cancer mortality among underground uranium miners in the Příbram region of the Czech Republic
Authors: Kelly‐Reif Kaitlin , Sandler Dale P. , Shore David , Schubauer‐Berigan Mary K. , Troester Melissa A. , Nylander‐French Leena , Richardson David B.
Published: August 2020

Background

This study aims to estimate the association between radon and site‐specific cancer mortality among a large contemporary cohort of male uranium miners.

Methods

Annual occupational radon exposure was estimated based on a worker's duration of underground mining in a year and estimates of potential alpha energy of radon progeny in their location of work. Cancer mortality over the period 1977‐1992 was ascertained for a cohort of 16 434 male underground uranium miners employed in the Czech Republic between 1946 and 1992. Poisson regression was used to estimate relationships between cumulative radiation exposure (in working level months [WLM]) and site‐specific cancer mortality.

Results

Radon is positively associated with lung cancer mortality (excess relative rate [ERR] per 100 WLM = 0.2; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.10, 0.37). The best fit of the dose‐response relationship between radon and lung cancer mortality was linear and estimates of radon‐lung cancer associations varied by windows of time‐since‐exposure. Positive associations between radon and several types of cancer other than lung cancer were identified, notably chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (ERR/100 WLM = 0.24; 95% CI: [not determined [ND], 5.10]) and extrathoracic cancer (ERR/100 WLM = 0.12; 95% CI: [ND, 0.69]). We observed no associations between radon and stomach cancer, nor between radon and several hematopoietic cancer subtypes.

Conclusions

This study confirms the established radon‐lung cancer association and suggests that radon may also be associated with other types of cancer mortality. Further investigations of extrathoracic and CLL cancer, with the aim of obtaining more precise estimates, are warranted to understand associations between radon and cancers other than lung.
Massive atrial myxoma requiring emergency cardiopulmonary bypass in a patient with heparin resistance
Authors: Houston E. , Moran P. , Mayhew D.
Published: August 2020

Heparin exhibits complex pharmacology with a wide variation in individual response. Despite this, heparin is the most commonly used anticoagulant during cardiopulmonary bypass. Heparin resistance in the context of a patient with severe cardiovascular compromise presents a potentially life‐threatening challenge. A 31‐year‐old woman was listed for emergency excision of a massive left atrial myxoma. On induction of anaesthesia, she developed marked cardiovascular instability secondary to mitral inflow obstruction. An initial heparin dose of 600 units.kg‐1 produced an activated clotting time of 360 s; however, immediate cardiopulmonary bypass was required. Heparin resistance remained problematic throughout the procedure, with an inadequate response to antithrombin three supplementation. Despite a total dose of 120,000 units of heparin, anticoagulation was fully reversed with 500 mg protamine and there was no subsequent re‐heparinisation. Heparin resistance, when coinciding with profound cardiovascular instability, requires a pragmatic response to expedite establishment of cardiopulmonary bypass whilst minimising potential harm. In this case, successful cardiopulmonary bypass was achieved with additional heparin boluses from an alternative batch administered both intravenously and via the bypass circuit. We therefore advocate consideration of this approach as one possible solution to achieving safe entry onto cardiopulmonary bypass in a crisis scenario.
Interaction of Catechol‐O‐methyltransferase Val158Met polymorphism and sex influences association of parietal intrinsic functional connectivity and immediate verbal memory
Authors: Wu Sichu , Upadhyay Neeraj , Lu Jiaming , Jiang Xueyan , Li Shumei , Qing Zhao , Wang Junxia , Liang Xue , Zhang Xin , Zhang Bing
Published: August 2020

Introduction

Sex differences modulate catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) genotype effect at a synaptic dopamine level, which influences brain function as well as cognitive performance. In this study, we investigated how COMT Val158Met polymorphism and sex affect intrinsic functional connectivity and memory.

Methods

Intrinsic functional networks were extracted using independent component analysis of resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 186 healthy young COMT‐genotyped participants. The association of these functional networks and memory function was tested to investigate whether the effect of COMT × sex interaction influences the association of intrinsic functional connectivity and memory performance. Quadratic curve fit estimation was used to examine the relationship between functional connectivity and speculative dopamine level among groups.

Results

COMT MM/MV carriers, relative to VV carriers, showed increased functional connectivity in left superior parietal lobule and right inferior frontal gyrus. Further, male MM/MV carriers showed significant higher mean functional connectivity in left inferior parietal lobule relative to male VV carriers and female MM/MV carriers, which was associated with worse immediate verbal recall performance. Additionally, the relationship between inferior parietal lobule functional connectivity and speculative dopamine level among groups fits the quadratic curve.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that the interaction of COMT genotype and sex might regulate synaptic dopaminergic concentrations and influence the association of intrinsic functional connectivity and immediate verbal memory in left inferior parietal lobule.
Heterojunction‐Type Photocatalytic System Based on Inorganic Halide Perovskite CsPbBr3†
Authors: Zhu Enbo , Zhao Yizhou , Dai Yi , Wang Qiuhe , Dong Yuanyuan , Chen Qi , Li Yujing
Published: August 2020

Summary of main observation and conclusion

The heterojunction‐type structure has shown significant merits in tuning the optical properties and carrier physics. Inspired by the excellent absorption capability of halide perovskite materials for visible light, a series of CsPbBr3/TiO2 heterojunction‐type photocatalysts with various all‐inorganic‐perovskite/TiO2 ratios are successfully fabricated by the ligand‐assisted reprecipitation (LARP) method. The heterojunction structure extends the light absorption of TiO2 with good chemical and structural stability. A Pb‐O interaction at the CsPbBr3/TiO2 interface is observed by the XPS and confirmed by the TRPL showing improved interface carrier transport and stability. The heterojunction‐type catalyst shows drastically enhanced photocatalytic activity towards the direct oxidation of toluene with O2 molecule, as an important reaction for organic chemical synthesis. The optimized sample shows an activity of 2356 μmol·g–1·h–1 at 75 °C, 4 times of that of the naked CsPbBr3 nanocrystals, and 3 times of that of the bare TiO2. Based on the investigation with trapping agents, a reaction mechanism is hence proposed suggesting that the photo‐generated hole may be involved in the rate‐limiting step. This work demonstrates the potential of inorganic halide perovskite‐based heterojunction structure for photocatalytic applications.
Profiling Drug‐Protein Interactions by Micro Column Affinity Purification Combined with Label Free Quantification Proteomics†
Authors: Gong Li , Xu Yao , Liu Guizhen , Zheng Mengmeng , Zhang Xuepei , Hang Ying , Kang Jingwu
Published: August 2020

Summary of main observation and conclusion

We developed a method for comprehensively profiling drug‐protein interactions using micro‐column affinity purification (AP) combined with label‐free quantitative (LFQ) proteomics as well as the statistical and bioinformatics analysis. FK506 was used as the experimental model for proof of concept. The true interacting proteins were distinguished from the background proteins by their fold changes of FLQ intensities combined with p‐values. Totally 116 FK506 interacting proteins including 5 known target proteins were identified. The method was validated by using the LFQ intensity of the endogenous known drug targets together with statistical analysis. We demonstrated that the micro‐column‐based affinity purification in combination with LFQ proteomics provides a highly reproducible and robust approach for profiling drug‐protein interactions.
Crossing curricular boundaries for powerful knowledge
Authors: Niemelä Mikko A.
Published: August 2020

This paper makes a theoretical contribution to the discussion of powerful knowledge in education. The major claim is that curriculum integration can structure knowledge for a coherent curriculum and thus, support the idea of powerful knowledge. The mainstream understanding of curriculum integration promotes it as a pedagogical arrangement and views school subjects as being guilty of fragmenting students’ experience. Leaning on empirical evidence, this paper argues that the question of integration cannot be left to teachers and students alone; rather, it is crucial to design a coherent written curriculum that supports the teaching‐studying‐learning process with an appropriately differentiated and integrated structure for school subjects. Alternatives for subject design and knowledge‐based curriculum integration with the potential for developing powerful knowledge are presented.
Influence of relative motion of magnetic field on time‐dependent MHD natural convection flow
Authors: Lawal Khadijah K. , Jibril Haruna M.
Published: August 2020

The effects of relative motion of magnetic field on unsteady magnetohydrodynamic free convection flow with ramped motion and temperature‐dependent heat source/sink have been analyzed. The motion of the inner cylinder is ramped while the motion of the outer cylinder is fixed. The momentum and energy equations are solved using the well‐known Laplace transform. The time‐domain solution is obtained using the Riemann‐sum approximation method. The influence of the governing parameters on fluid velocity, fluid temperature, volume flow rate, and rate of heat transfer are discussed with the help of line graphs. It is found that Hartmann number has a retarding effect on fluid velocity, skin friction at the outer surface of the inner cylinder, and mass flow rate when the magnetic field is fixed with the fluid and when the velocity of the magnetic field is less than the velocity of the moving cylinder. Whereas, the reverse effect is noticed when the magnetic field is fixed with the moving cylinder.
Purpura fulminans complicating puerperal sepsis: A case report
Authors: Jain Sandhya , Rajaram Shalini , Kalra Kanika , Kamboj Saloni , Prakash Seema
Published: August 2020

A case report of purpura fulminans triggered by puerperal sepsis and its clinical management.
Characterization of clinical pharmacist and hospitalist collaborative relationships
Authors: Olin Jacqueline L. , Anderson Sarah L. , Hellwig Thaddaus R. , Jenkins Antoine T. , Craven Robert , Touchette Daniel R.
Published: August 2020

Introduction

Hospitalists provide inpatient care including coordinating with other providers and transitioning care to the community. Clinical pharmacists interact with hospitalists, usually on multidisciplinary teams. A statement by the American Society of Health‐System Pharmacists and the Society of Hospital Medicine promotes collaboration and encourages interdisciplinary optimization of patient care. However, literature detailing this collaboration is sparse. It is unclear how to utilize these joint working relationships most effectively.

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to describe the environment of pharmacist and hospitalist collaborative relationships and activities of pharmacists practicing with hospitalists for foundational information.

Methods

This was a cross‐sectional study. An Institutional Review Board‐approved survey was distributed to pharmacists and hospitalists via email. Questions considered the team and the environment, clinical pharmacist activities related to the pharmacists' patient care process, and perceived barriers to effective teamwork. Results were analyzed with descriptive statistics.

Results

Seventy pharmacists and 25 hospitalists participated in the survey. Most were from the Midwest or Southeast United States and practicing up to 10 years in a large health care system. Pharmacists spent the most time on development of a therapeutic plan (1‐5 ranking scale [1 = most, 5 = least time spent]; median 2; range 1‐5.) There were variations in responses related to the institutional staffing model allowing for collaboration with hospitalists, whether technology enhanced collaboration and additional job responsibilities hindered collaboration, and whether absence of pharmacy participation on rounds was noticed. Most hospitalists (68%) initiated frequent communication with a pharmacist. Hospitalists (32%) would collaborate with a pharmacist more frequently if a specific individual was designated for the position.

Conclusions

Clinical pharmacists and hospitalists collaborate in team‐based care environments within larger health care systems. This hypothesis‐generating survey attempts to assess the current environment. Further research can work toward establishing practice standards and improving collaborations.
Analytical performance evaluation of the Norudia HbA1c assay
Authors: Lee Joon Hee , Kim Sungmin , Jun Sun‐Hee , Seo Jong Do , Nam Youngwon , Song Sang Hoon , Lee Kyunghoon , Song Junghan
Published: August 2020

Background

Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is arguably the most important biomarker used in the diagnosis and treatment monitoring of diabetes mellitus. We evaluated the analytical performance of the Norudia HbA1c assay (Sekisui Medical Co., LTD), which uses an enzymatic method incorporated into a fully automated, high‐throughput system.

Methods

The precision, linearity, and carryover of the Norudia HbA1c assay were evaluated. Using 60 patient samples, comparative analysis of HbA1c measurements with two commonly used HbA1c assays, the D100 (Bio‐Rad Laboratories, Inc) and HLC‐723 G11 (Tosoh), was undergone. Thirteen commutable samples with known HbA1c concentrations measured using an IFCC reference measurement procedure were used to compare accuracy between methods. Interference of HbA1c measurement by Hb variants was evaluated using 16 known Hb variant samples.

Results

Repeatability (% CV) for low and high concentrations ranged from 1.12%‐1.50% and 0.66%‐0.75%, respectively, and within‐laboratory precision for low and high concentrations ranged from 1.73%‐2.89% and 0.98%‐1.64%, respectively. For linearity, the coefficient of determination was 0.9987. No significant carryover was observed. When compared to the D100 and HLC‐723 G11 assays, the Norudia HbA1c assay showed the best accuracy with the lowest mean bias (−1.72%). Furthermore, the Norudia was least affected by Hb variants and gave the most reliable HbA1c measurements.

Conclusion

The Norudia HbA1c showed excellent analytical performance with good precision and linearity, and minimal carryover. When compared to other routine HbA1c methods, the Norudia HbA1c assay showed the highest accuracy and was least affected by Hb variants.
Introducing legislative advocacy into the dental school curriculum: A mixed‐methods evaluation
Authors: Meyer Beau D. , Fearnow Bethany , Wolcott Michael D.
Published: August 2020

The aim of this project was to evaluate a legislative advocacy exercise in pediatric dentistry at 1 North American dental school. A mixed‐methods approach was employed using focus groups and questionnaires. All third‐year dental students (n = 84) participated in an exercise as part of the pediatric dentistry course. Participation in the program evaluation was voluntary. Questionnaires were administered to assess students’ advocacy beliefs, behaviors, self‐efficacy, and knowledge 1 week before and 1 week after the exercise. Six months later, a focus group with questionnaire non‐respondents (n = 9) was conducted to explore participants’ attitudes and beliefs about oral health advocacy within the dental school curriculum. The focus group followed a semi‐structured guide, and transcripts were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Questionnaires were returned from 27 students before (33% response rate) and 23 students (28% response rate) following the advocacy exercise. Students’ advocacy beliefs, behaviors, and knowledge showed no change, whereas self‐efficacy improved following the advocacy exercise. Students enjoyed the advocacy exercise and viewed it as a positive addition to the curriculum; however, they requested more exposure to advocacy across the curriculum. Students described the power of their collective voice rather than a single person as a major driver of policy change. These findings suggest that curricular changes should incorporate experiential advocacy activities more frequently to help students learn about and gain advocacy skills.