bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Inertia in Patients with Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Suastegui-Hernández Luis Fernando , Vargas-Aragón Ricardo , Lagarza- Moreno Alfredo Josimar , Rodríguez-Jaimes Agustín , Joanico-Morales Baltazar , Suástegui-Hernández Jesús Jaír , Sánchez-Vicente Éster , Sosa-Martínez María de Jesús
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: analizar la inercia terapéutica en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 descontrolada en una unidad de medicina familiar. Métodos: estudio transversal analítico, realizado en la Unidad de Medicina Familiar en Acapulco, México. Se incluyeron 255 expedientes de pacientes en descontrol con diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus tipo 2, mediante muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, de enero a febrero 2023. La fuente de información fue el expediente clínico y base de datos de laboratorio, para obtener información sociodemográfica, clínica, antropométrica y bioquímica. Se revisaron las notas médicas, para evaluar si el médico realizó alguna modificación en el tratamiento farmacológico posterior a los resultados de laboratorio. La antigüedad y capacitación del médico se recabó de la Coordinación de Educación e Investigación en Salud. Con los datos obtenidos se realizó estadística descriptiva, análisis bivariado por X2 de Mantel-Haenszel y regresión logística. Se consideró un valor de p<0.05 e ic 95% como estadísticamente significativo. Resultados: la frecuencia de inercia terapéutica (it) fue 85.9% (n= 219), 67.8% (n= 173) del personal médico realizó por lo menos un curso de capacitación de forma presencial o en línea sobre diabetes mellitus. Tener <60 años de edad (ora 2.99, ic 95% 1.40-6.39, p 0.002) aumentó la posibilidad de presentar inercia terapéutica. Conclusión: ocho de cada diez pacientes con diabetes mellitus descontrolada, presentó inercia terapéutica. Es importante sensibilizar y promover un enfoque integral en el que el paciente, médico e institución participen de forma activa y sinérgica con el objetivo de alcanzar un adecuado control metabólico.
Educar para empoderar: pieza clave en el manejo de las enfermedades crónicas
Authors: Martini-Blanquel Haydee Alejandra
Published: March 2024

Comunicación con el paciente
Hemobursitis prepatelar
Authors: Domínguez Carrillo Luis Gerardo , Domínguez Gasca Luis Gerardo
Published: March 2024

Identifique el caso
Fugitive Location Identification System Using Photo Matching Across Distributed Surveillance Networks
Authors: K A Ajay Krishna
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Using image matching algorithms from distributed CCTV surveillance networks, this research suggests a criminal identification method. This method aims to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of identifying and apprehending criminals by using the capabilities of networked surveillance cameras. The distributed CCTV network and the matching algorithm make up the two primary parts of the suggested system. The vast array of security cameras that make up the distributed CCTV network are positioned in different areas, including streets, buildings, and public areas. These cameras provide data to a central computer by taking pictures of people in real time.
Exploring the Pharmacological Potential of Button Mushrooms: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Rani Reema
Published: March 2024

Mushrooms are a sort of miniature growths that are usually developed and consumed in different nations all over the planet. Despite their ubiquity, many individuals don't know about their critical significance. Mushrooms offer different pharmacological properties, like an enemy of malignant growth, against bacteria, hostile to oxidative, hostile to viral, against diabetes, and hostile to unfavorably susceptible specialists. They are currently generally utilized in various nations for the therapy of malignant growth, diabetes, hypertension, aggravation, and numerous different sicknesses. Mushrooms are likewise eaten overall given their critical health benefit. They contain vitamin B, zinc, selenium, protein, pantothenic corrosive, copper, potassium, glycerol, mannitol, β-glucans, phosphorus, polysaccharides, and magnesium.
Birds Species Recognition
Authors: Golhar Mr. Abhay
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Birds species recognition holds a huge importance in the various fields such as ecology, education, conversation, ornithology and citizen science. Many of us like to do bird watching as its gives several health benefits which we get by enjoying nature and many of us get a satisfying feeling. There are several bird species which we aren’t aware of their color, shape, size and orientation. Knowing birds by their genies is a very difficult task for common people and it is also time-consuming work. Without any specific technology this work is as compared to impossible but by using deep machine learning all the tasks have become simpler. All the challenges are getting better with technology used, as we are using deep learning algorithms, with the help of it we can recognize different bird species using mobile application. The purpose of this mobile application is to recognize the bird images clicked by the user using CNN and give appropriate information about the bird to the user. This user-friendly application allows the user to upload an image of a bird and provides the user with real time species identification results. In this study, a total of 25 species are included.
Intelligent Traffic System: Yolov8 and Deepsort in Car Detection, Tracking and Counting
Authors: Ratnam Mr. CH. Vijayananda
Published: March 2024

Abstract: As the number of vehicles on the road increases, it becomes essential to quickly and accurately identify them to better detect traffic congestion and improve traffic management. DeepSORT (simple online and real-time tracking with a deep association metric) multitarget tracking algorithm in vehicle tracking. Due to the strong dependence of the DeepSORT algorithm on target detection, a YOLOv8 vehicle detection algorithm was proposed based on YOLOv7, which provides accurate and fast vehicle detection data to the DeepSORT algorithm. DeepSORT introduces deep learning into the SORT algorithm by adding an appearance descriptor to reduce identity switches, making tracking more efficient. DeepSORT uses a better association metric that combines both motion and appearance descriptors. DeepSORT can be defined as the tracking algorithm that tracks objects not only based on the velocity and motion of the object but also the appearance of the object. This vehicle detection also uses the DeepSORT algorithm to help count the number of vehicles that pass in the video effectively. YOLOv8 and the DeepSORT algorithm collaborate to identify and follow vehicles creating a model, for vehicle recognition that showcases their ability to track cars efficiently. From this paper, the model Yolov8 has achieved state-of-the-art results
Evaluation of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Enzyme Embedded Poly Lactic Acid (EPLA) by ICP-OES: Lipase from Candida Rugosa.
Authors: Swain Rajendra Kumar
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Enzymes like lipases are essential for catalyzing important reactions in the fields of biotechnology and industrial operations. For quality control and safety evaluations, however, the quantification of these contaminants is crucial because the presence of heavy metals in enzyme preparations can negatively affect their activity and stability. Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES), a key component of this investigation, is used to measure the levels of heavy metals in lipase enzyme preparations embedded in polylactic acid (PLA). The lipase enzyme being studied comes from Candida rugosa, which is well-known for its considerable industrial applications. According to preliminary findings, the lipase enzyme is successfully protected from external heavy metal pollutants by the encapsulating technique, maintaining its enzymatic activity and stability. The lipase-PLA composite had only minimal quantities of heavy metals, according to the ICP-OES study. The research's conclusions show great potential for the creation of reliable and contaminant-free lipase enzyme preparations, which will increase their suitability for usage in a variety of industrial processes and encourage the use of biodegradable polymers, supporting environmental sustainability. By highlighting the significance of quality control and safety assessment through the determination of heavy metal concentrations, this research contributes to the larger field of enzyme biotechnology. It also highlights the potential of Candida Rugosa lipase implanted in PLA matrices for eco-friendly and sustainable biocatalytic applications in sectors ranging from food and pharmaceuticals to biofuel generation and other biodegradable polymers.
Decentralization of Webhosting Using Blockchain
Authors: SK Sameerunnisa , Tellabati Dedivya Sri Harshini , Yetukuri Sirisha , Ram Harsha Satya Sri , Sivalasetty Ram Praveen
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This paper introduces a ground breaking approach to web hosting, leveraging the decentralized infrastructure of the Interplanetary File System (IPFS) and the secure framework of the Ethereum blockchain. In this novel model, Ethereum smart contracts govern the IPFS network and hosting services, ensuring robust management and reliability. IPFS serves as the backbone for data storage and website hosting, with storage miner nodes providing essential pinning services to maintain the longevity of stored content. Additionally, these nodes facilitate the Interplanetary Name Space (IPNS) service, enabling the creation and maintenance of mutable links to IPFS contents, thus enhancing accessibility and ease of updates. DNS TXT records are employed to seamlessly map domain names to IPNS addresses, seamlessly integrating decentralized hosting with traditional web infrastructure. To safeguard user privacy and data integrity, websites deploy advanced encryption algorithms, ensuring confidentiality in the decentralized environment. The proposed model represents a fusion of IPFS and blockchain networks, creating a robust platform for decentralized web hosting. Through experimental validation, the efficacy of this approach is demonstrated, showcasing its ability to surpass traditional web hosting models in terms of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. This innovative solution not only addresses existing challenges in web hosting but also heralds a new era of decentralized, secure, and accessible internet infrastructure
Heart Failure Prediction Using Machine Learning
Authors: Maddala Jeevan Babu , Modugulla Bhargav Reddy , Pulusu Sahithi Amulya , Mannepalli Sanjay , Pamidimalla Praveen prakash , Khanam Rukhiya
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) currently stands as the leading cause of death worldwide. Clinical data analytics encounter a significant challenge in accurately predicting cardiac disease. The healthcare industry generates vast volumes of raw data, necessitating its transformation into meaningful insights through machine learning techniques. The objective is to leverage machine learning models to improve the predictability of survival among cardiac patients. This study employs machine learning classifiers: Random Forest, Gradient Boosting classifier, Extra Tree Classifier, XG-Boost, Ada Boost and Hybrid models. The Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) addresses the challenge posed by imbalanced datasets. Experimental results indicate that employing the SMOTE technique enhances the accuracy of the chosen classifier's predictions. Among these classifiers, Hybrid Model stands out with the highest accuracy of 89.82% when applied to predicting the survival of cardiac illness afterimplementing SMOTE
Subaltern Issues in Aravind Adiga’s Between the Assassinations
Authors: Hedaoo Dr. Parag
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This research explores the manifestation of social realism and the reflection of globalization within the selected novels of Aravind Adiga, a prominent contemporary Indian author. Adiga’s works, known for their incisive critique of societal issues, provide a lens through which the impact of globalization on individuals and communities can be analyzed. This study investigates how Adiga’s novels capture the complexities of a rapidly changing world while depicting the challenges and inequalities brought about by globalization. The research employs a qualitative analysis of Adiga’s selected novels, focusing on “The White Tiger” and “Last Man in Tower,” as primary sources. Drawing from theories of social realism and globalization, the study explores how Adiga’s narratives portray the lives of characters who navigate the intricacies of a globalized world. Through in-depth character analyses and thematic exploration, the study reveals how Adiga’s protagonists interact with the shifting socio-economic landscape, grapple with cultural clashes, and confront power dynamics resulting from globalization. The novels provide insights into the impact of modernization, urbanization, and technological advancements on different strata of society, often highlighting the plight of marginalized and vulnerable individuals. Furthermore, the study examines how Adiga’s narrative techniques, such as vivid description, authentic dialogue, and juxtaposition, effectively immerse readers into the realities of the characters’ lives. It considers how these techniques contribute to the portrayal of a world both interconnected and fractured by the forces of globalization.
Comparative Analysis Using Machine Learning Algorithms to Detect Parkinson’s Disease using Voice Dataset
Authors: Akram Sk. Wasim , Mothadaka Aamani Sandhya Tejaswini , Shaik Pervez Ahmed , Mandala Monshitha , Pandi Naga Siddhardha
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Parkinson's disease is a degenerative disorder that affects the control of movement, and its symptoms include tremors, stiffness, and difficulties in balance and coordination. This disease results from a decrease in dopamine-producing cells in the brain, and although there is currently no cure for Parkinson's, medication and therapeutic interventions can help alleviate the symptoms. Parkinson's disease usually begins to show its effects in middle to late adulthood. A new measure of dysphonia, Pitch Period Entropy (PPE) assesses the variability or randomness of pitch periods in speech signals, providing insights into the diversity of vocal characteristics. Higher entropy values suggest greater pitch variability in a speaker's voice. PPE is included in the dataset. The methodologies used in this project are Random Forest, Support vector classifier, Extreme gradient boosting (XGB). This comparative study includes performance metrics: Accuracy, precision, Recall, f1 score, and support. The aim is to predict Parkinson's disease and compare performance metrics using various methods.
ANÁLISE DO CONHECIMENTO SOBRE VÍRUS, VACINAS, CIÊNCIA, TECNOLOGIA, NEGACIONISMO E ANTIVACINA DE ESTUDANTES DO 9º ANO DE UMA ESCOLA PÚBLICA
Authors: Oliveira Vanusa Maria de , Mello Geison Jader
Published: March 2024

Diversos são os grupos negacionistas e anticiência que propagaram informações inverídicas nas mídias sobre a Pandemia da Covid-19. Os impactos negativos destas ações na educação tornam necessário saber até que ponto os estudantes têm desenvolvido o senso crítico/reflexivo frente a informações do mundo atual. Desse modo, o objetivo deste artigo consiste em analisar o conhecimento dos estudantes a respeito do desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico, do acesso a informações, das vacinas, dos vírus, das medidas de prevenção da Covid-19, do negacionismo e da antivacina, a partir de uma sequência de perguntas. Metodologicamente, este estudo se estrutura como pesquisa de campo, de abordagem qualitativa e caráter explicativo. Além disso, participaram desta investigação 34 discentes do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública, do município de Primavera do Leste-MT, no mês de setembro de 2022, os quais responderam a sequência de perguntas. Salienta-se, ainda, que a análise dos dados foi realizada com base na observação e na interpretação dos pesquisadores. Em suma, os resultados obtidos na sequência de perguntas demonstraram que os sujeitos da pesquisa desenvolveram parcialmente as habilidades e as competências elencadas na BNCC e no DRC-MT para os anos finais do Ensino Fundamental do componente curricular Ciências da Natureza. Destaca-se que isso implica na maneira como esses educandos lidarão com os desafios impostos pelo mundo atual.
Pengembangan Booklet Berbasis Android Sebagai Media Belajar Pada Materi Invertebrata Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar
Authors: Putri Yorenza Dea , Anas Nirwana , Aisyah Hutasuhut Melfa
Published: March 2024

Pemikiran tentang pembelajaran biologi yang terlalu monoton dengan tulisan serta sulit dibayangkan membuat peserta didik memerlukan suatu media belajar yang bisa menggambarkan materi pembelajaran dengan kompleks dan detail, salah satunya adalah pemanfaatan aplikasi Android sebagai media pembelajaran yang menarik serta inovatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan media booklet berbasis android yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) model pengembangan 4-D (Define, Design, Development, dan Dessiminate) yang telah direvisi dan diuji cobakan di lapangan. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah lembar validasi, angket penilaian guru biologi, angket respon peserta didik, dan tes hasil belajar pretest dan posttest berupa pilihan berganda berjumlah 20 soal. Simpulan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa booklet berbasis android sebagai media belajar pada materi invertebrata yang dikembangkan dengan model 4-D dikategorikan sangat valid, sangat praktis, dan terkategori efektif sehingga layak digunakan sebagai media belajar bagi peserta didik kelas X di SMA/MA.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Materi Turunan Implisit
Authors: Prasasty Aliffia Teja , Senny Hapsari Fitri , Ahyar Miftahul Farid Mochamad
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal materi turunan implisit yang ditinjau dari kemapuan awal matematika (KAM). Kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis adalah kecakapan siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematis atau usaha mencari solusi yang dilakukan untuk mencapai penyelesaian masalah dengan menggunakan pengetahuan, keterampilan serta pemahaman yang sudah dimilki. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Universitas Indraprasta PGRI, Prodi Teknik Industri, adapun yang menjadi subjek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa kelas R1G, dengan jumlah 33 mahasiswa, pada mata kuliah Kalkulus Dasar 1 dengan materi Turunan Implisit. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah deskriptif. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa tes soal uraian kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis sebanyak 5 soal. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah dengan mengelompokkan siswa berdasarkan hasil Ujian Tengah Semester (UTS) sebagai kemampuan awal mahasiswa. Mahasiswa dibagi  menjadi  tiga  kelompok,  yaitu  kelompok  KAM  atas,  kelompok  KAM  menengah  dan kelompok  KAM  bawah.  Hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan  bahwa mahasiswa masih mengalami kesulitan dalam mengerjakan  soal, baik kelompok KAM atas, KAM menengah maupun KAM bawah, mahasiswa kurang memahami tahapan pemecahan masalah dalam soal turunan implisit.
Energy budgeting and global warming potential of traditional rice production system in Eastern Ghats region of Odisha
Authors:   ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Koraput-763 002, India, Beer K. , Dash Ch. J. ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Koraput-763 002, India, Madhu M. ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Koraput-763 002, India, Adhikary P.P. ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Koraput-763 002, India, Maurya U.K. ,   ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Nagpur-440 033, India, Jakhar P. ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Koraput-763 002, India, Barla G.W. ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Koraput-763 002, India, Naik G.B. ,   ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Koraput-763 002, India
Published: March 2024

Aim: This study aims to focus on traditional agricultural practices which are gaining momentum around the globe as an energy efficient and sustainable approach in the changing climate condition. In this study, an attempt was under taken to quantify the energy use, green house gas emission and global warming potential of rice cultivated by traditional method in terraced low land. Methodology: The data were collected through Focused Group Discussion (FGD) from farmers of the study area using the questionnaire. The sample size was calculated by Neyman method. Results: Total input and output energy required for traditional rice production were 8513.0 MJ ha-1 and 77356.88 MJ ha-1, respectively. Energy use efficiency was calculated as 9.01. Total global warming potential (GWP) was 610.19 CO2 eq ha-1. In this study, the output and input carbon were found to be 2580.48 and 164.75 kg C ha-1, respectively and the carbon efficiency ratio was 15.66. Energy productivity of this traditional method of rice production system was approximately 1.21 to 3.64 times higher than that of other rice production system. Interpretation: Rice is the staple food of tribal's habited in the highland region of Eastern Ghats Odisha, India, and these tribal people mostly cultivate rice by traditional method. This traditional rice production system can be considered as an environmental friendly and sustainable agricultural system in this changing climatic condition, and this system is also economical than the conventional rice cultivation practices. Key words: Budgeting, Energy, Eastern Ghats, Green house gases, Global warming, Rice
Coherent Addressing of Single Molecular Electron Spin Qubits
Authors: Sun Lei , Du Xiya , Zhou Aimei
Published: March 2024

With rational designability, versatile tunability, and quantum
coherence, molecular electron spin qubits could offer new opportunities
for quantum information science, enabling simplified implementation of
quantum algorithms and chemical-specific quantum sensing. The
development of these transformative technologies relies on coherent
addressing of single molecular electron spin qubits with high
initialization, manipulation, and readout fidelities. This is formidable
to conventional electron spin resonance spectroscopy, which is widely
used for coherent addressing of ensemble electron spins, due to its low
initialization efficiency and readout sensitivity. Taking advantage of
single spin detectability of single-molecule spectroscopy, scanning
tunneling microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and quantum metrology,
several strategies have been developed to empower electron spin
resonance spectroscopy with single qubit addressability. In this
Emerging Topic, we introduce principles and technical implementation of
strategies for coherently addressing single molecular electron spin
qubits and point out their challenges in molecular design and/or
decoherence suppression. We discuss future directions to overcome these
challenges and to improve single qubit addressing technologies, which
will facilitate the advancement of molecular quantum information
science.
Malaria and other infections induce polyreactive antibodies that impact SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity estimations in endemic settings
Authors: Aguilar Ruth , Jiménez Alfons , Santano Rebeca , Vidal Marta , Maiga-Ascofare Oumou , Strauss Ricardo , Bonney Joseph , Agbogbatey Melvin , Goovaerts Odin , Boham Eric Ebenezer Amprofi , Adu Evan Asamoah , Cuamba Inocencia , Ramírez-Morros Anna , Dutta Sheetij , Angov Evelina , Zhan Bin , Izquierdo Luis , Santamaria Pere , Mayor Alfredo , Gascón Joaquim , Ruiz-Comellas Anna , Molinos-Albert Luis M. , Amuasi John H. , Awuah Anthony Afum-Adjei , Adriaensen Wim , Dobano Carlota , Moncunill Gemma
Published: March 2024

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence is used as marker of viral exposure to
estimate the proportion of previously infected population, track
transmission, and monitor naturally- and vaccine-induced protection.
However, in sub-Saharan African settings, antibodies induced by higher
exposure to pathogens may increase unspecific seroreactivity to
SARS-CoV-2 antigens, resulting in false positive responses. To
investigate the level and type of unspecific seroreactivitiy to
SARS-CoV-2 in Africa, we measured IgG, IgA and IgM to a broad panel of
antigens from different pathogens by Luminex in 659 plasma samples from
African and European subjects differing in COVID-19, malaria and other
exposures. Seroreactivity to SARS-CoV-2 antigens in pre-pandemic African
was higher compared to European samples, and positively correlated with
antibodies against HuCoV, helminths, protozoa, and especially P.
falciparum. African subjects presented higher levels of autoantibodies,
a surrogate of polyreactivity, which correlated with P.
falciparum and SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Finally, we found an improved
sensitivity in the IgG assay in African samples when using urea as
chaotropic agent. In conclusion, our data suggests that polyreactive
antibodies induced mostly by malaria are important mediators of the
unspecific anti-SARS-CoV-2 responses, and that the use of dissociating
agents in immunoassays could be useful for more accurate estimations of
SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in African settings.
Enhanced High Gain Switched- Capacitor- DC-DC Converter Optimizing Renewable Energy Integration
Authors: Gaurav * , Nakka Jayaram , SUKANTA HALDER , Kumar Uppalapati Sudheer , Patel Mitesh Kumar Bharat bhai
Published: March 2024

The work elucidated in this scientific article presents a novel
non-isolated high gain switched capacitor (HGSC) DC-DC converter
engulfed for carbon neutral energy applications. A hybrid utilization of
complementary switching approach switches enables simplified control and
high voltage gain of HGSC even at low duty cycle owing to the switched
capacitor along with boost inductors. Further, the proposed structure
also features high efficacy, reduced voltage stress and current stress
on semiconductor switching devices. The proposed HGSC DC-DC converter
principle of operation along with the steady-state analysis and
different switching stages were discussed in detail. Small signal
analysis has been performed to analyze the stability of the proposed
converter, whereas an averaging technique is performed to know its
dynamics performance. Furthermore, the converter is thoroughly analyzed
in terms of power losses. For comparing the practical efficiency of the
designed converter, non-idealities voltage gain is derived. The
efficiency of the proposed converter is validated practically and
extensive performance comparison is carried out with other solutions in
the literature. When a supply of input voltage 20 V feed into the
proposed converter. It produces an output voltage of 140 V to 240 V
output. A 200W laboratory proto model is developed; accordingly
conducted extensive experimental analysis to validate the feasibility of
the proposed HGSC DC-DC converter topology.
Isolation-by-environment and its consequences for range shifts with global change: landscape genomics of the invasive plant common tansy
Authors: Runquist Ryan Briscoe , Moeller David
Published: March 2024

Invasive species are a growing global economic and ecological problem.
However, it is not well understood how environmental factors mediate
invasive range expansion. In this study, we investigated the recent and
rapid range expansion of common tansy across environmental gradients in
Minnesota, U.S.A. We densely sampled individuals across the expanding
range and performed reduced representation sequencing to generate a
dataset of 3071 polymorphic loci for 176 individuals. We used
non-spatial and spatially-explicit analyses to determine the relative
influences of geographic distance and environmental variation on
patterns of genomic variation. We found no evidence for
isolation-by-distance (IBD) but strong evidence for
isolation-by-environment (IBE), indicating that environmental factors
may have modulated patterns of range expansion. Land use classification
and soils were particularly important variables related to population
structure although they operated on different spatial scales; land-use
classification was related to broad-scale patterns and soils were
related to fine-scale patterns. All analyses indicated a distinctive
genetic cluster in the most recently invaded portion of the range.
Individuals from the far northwestern range margin were separated from
the remainder of the range by reduced migration, which was associated
with environmental resistance. This portion of the range was invaded
primarily in the last 15 years. Ecological niche models also indicated
that this cluster was associated with expansion of the niche. While
invasion is often assumed to be primarily influenced by dispersal
limitation, our results suggest that ongoing invasion and range shifts
with climate change may be strongly affected by environmental
heterogeneity.
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists and Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Patients: Replication and Reliability Assessment Across a Research Network
Authors: Conover Mitch , Albogami Yasser , Hardin Jill , Reich Christian , Ostropolets Anna , Ryan Patrick
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Use observational methods to evaluate reliability
of evidence generated by a study of the effect of glucagon-like peptide
1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) on chronic lower respiratory disease
(CLRD) outcomes among type-2 diabetes mellites (T2DM) patients.
Research Design and Methods: We independently reproduced a
study comparing effects of GLP-1RA versus dipeptidyl peptidase-4
inhibitors (DPP4-i) on CLRD outcome among patients with T2DM and prior
CLRD. We reproduced inputs and outputs using the original study data
(national administrative claims) and evaluated robustness to alternate
design/analysis decisions. To evaluate generalizability, we applied the
protocol and meta-analyzed across a research network including diverse
array of populations and data sources. We also produced additional
analyses evaluating individual drugs within the GLP-1RA class.
Results: We confirmed alignment of study inputs and outputs and
closely reproduced effect estimates and sensitivity analyses. Adjusted
effect estimates were robust to empirical calibration. Network
meta-analysis confirmed original findings, but indicated weaker effects
than originally published. Meta-analyzing drugs within the GLP-1RA class
against DPP4-I provided some evidence that effects vary within the
GLP-1RA class, indicating stronger effects for exenatide and weaker
effects of dulaglutide. Conclusions: This study supports the
reliability of the original study by 1) confirming the findings in a
range of alternate databases and populations 2) demonstrating effects
for multiple drugs within the GLP-1RA class, and 3) independently
confirming the reproducibility original study and its findings. We
propose that clinicians treating patients with T2DM and a history of
CLRD consider GLP-1RA in absence of strong motivating reasons to select
another therapy.
A revision of the Celtis iguanaea complex (Cannabaceae) and the reinstatement of an additional species from southern South America
Authors: Zamengo Henrique , Chamorro Debora , Houtepen Erik , Gaglioti Andre , Pederneiras Leandro , Prado Darien , Oakley Luis
Published: March 2024

Studies on Celtis over the last 50 years have established the role of
the pyrene in the delimitation of the species. This structure is of
fundamental importance for the understanding of the genus and has
recently changed the species delimitation, which was previously very
broad and vague. Based on these new findings, we have investigated the
Celtis iguanaea species complex. This taxonomic group was previously
treated as a single species, but it included several species-level
synonyms in the Neotropical region for which no modern taxonomic and
nomenclatural revision is yet available. In order to correctly delimit
C. iguanaea and the other species accepted here, we conducted a review
of all records and herbarium specimens (types or not). The main results
include (1) a modified taxonomic concept, (2) a revision of the
taxonomy, nomenclature, and synonymy (with new or corrected
typifications), and (3) a revision of the distribution ranges. In
addition, we re-establishment Momisia tarijensis as a species from
southern South America for which a new combination (Celtis tarijensis)
and an epitype are proposed. In addition, Sarcomphalus punctatus is
newly included in the synonymy of C. iguanaea. Finally, we provide an
identification key that distinguishes C. iguanaea from all related
species.
Periodic solutions and coexistence states in a competitive system of two serotypes with superinfection
Authors: López Mayra Núñez , Chavela Ernesto Pérez
Published: March 2024

In this paper we tackled out a model to study the phenomena of
superinfection, that is we consider two serotypes I 1 and I 2 of the
same type of disease acting on the same population, a competitive
system. Assuming that the total population is fixed, we reduce the model
to a bidimensional systems of ODE. In the first part we consider that
all coefficients in the equations are constant. Then we describe the
coexistence state and its stability in terms of the Reproduction Number
corresponding to both serotypes. In the second part, we introduce
periodic coefficients in the same model, and analyze the corresponding
model with periodic coefficients, which now is a non-autonomous system.
We give the necessary and sufficient conditions to have periodic orbits
and non trivial coexistence states, in the last case we also show the
conditions to have local stability of them. In both cases we do several
numerical simulations to illustrate some of the phenomena that we are
describing.
Meteorological characteristics of the Mekong Delta in the period of 2014–2020
Authors: Ле Т.Х.Т. , Нгуен Т.В. , Ку Д.Н. , Цветков А.И. , Чыонг Х.Б. , Зыонг Ч.К.Т. , Нгуен Д.Ч.
Published: March 2024

В ходе работы были изучены показатели 9 метестанций, расположенных в различных провинциях дельты р. Меконг. Данные, полученные за период 2014–2020 гг., были сопоставлены с показателями 1984–2013 гг. Проведенный анализ показал, что в 2014–2020 гг. средняя темпе- ратура в дельте Меконга составляла +27.6 °C; сумма осадков – 1533.9 мм; средняя влажность – 79% и более; годовая сумма испарения – 942.3 мм; число часов солнечного сияния – 2521. По сравнению с 1984–2013 гг. среднегодовая температура имела тенденцию к повышению, а годовое количество осадков и годовая сумма испарения – к снижению. Оценка тренда изменения метео- параметров с 2014 г. до 202 0г. показала, что средняя температура во время сухого сезона и аб- солютный минимум температуры на всех метеостанциях имели тенденцию к увеличению. Сезон дождей характеризовался увеличением среднесуточных температур, количества осадков, влаж- ности, уменьшением испарения и количества солнечных часов по сравнению с сухим сезоном. Полученные данные о метеорологических характеристиках дельты Меконга станут основой для оценки динамики изменения климата, предоставления исходных данных для других исследований и выработки решений по рациональному использованию климатических ресурсов в целях содей- ствия социально-экономическому развитию этого региона.

Meteorological data from 9 weather stations located in different provinces of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta were analyzed and compared in this study. The data analysis showed that in 2014–2020 the average annual temperature in the Mekong Delta was 27.6 °С, the total annual rainfall – 1533.9 mm, the average annual humidity – 79% or more, the total annual evaporation – 942.3 mm, and the total annual sunshine duration – 2521 hours. The average annual temperature in 2014–2020 was higher than that during the 1984–2013 period. Meanwhile, the total annual rainfall and the total annual evaporation in 2014–2020 were lower than that during the 1984–2013 period. Trend analysis of meteorological parameters from 2014 to 2020 showed that the average temperature during the dry season and the absolute minimum temperature at all weather stations tended to increase over time. The rainy season had a higher average daily temperature, more rainfall, and higher humidity, but lower evaporation, and lower sunshine hours than the dry season. The obtained data on the meteorological characteristics of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta lay the foundation for evaluating the dynamics of climate change, providing background for further research and developing solutions for the rational use of climate resources to promote the socio-economic development of this region.
Floristic diversity of Volga Reach islands of the Rybinsk Reservoir
Authors: Крылова Е.Г. , Гарин Э.В.
Published: March 2024

Проведено исследование растительного мира (сосудистые растения, грибы, лишайники, печеночники и мхи) на пяти островах средней части Волжского плеса Рыбинского водохранилища, часть из которых является особо охраняемой природной территорией. Для сосудистых растений определены экологические категории и жизненные формы. Остров Шуморовский выделяется наибольшим числом видов, а Копринский – наименьшим. Сходство между островами по коэффициенту Жаккара менее 50%, что объясняется различием имеющихся на них экотопов. Выявлено, что среди экологических групп флоры преобладают мезофиты, ксеромезофиты и гигрофиты. Анализ жизненных форм продемонстрировал преобладание травянистой растительности (65.9% от общего числа видов).

Floristic diversity, i.e. vascular plants, fungi, lichens, liverworts and mosses of five islands (some of which are protected areas) situated in the middle part of the Volga Reach of the Rybinsk Reservoir has been studied. For vascular plants, ecological groups and life forms have been identified. The island of Shumorovsky is distinguished by the largest number of species, while Koprinsky – by the least one. According to the Jacquard coefficient, the similarity between the islands is less than 50% that is explained by the difference in the present ecotopes. Mesophytes, xeromesophytes and hygrophytes dominate in ecological groups of the floral composition of different islands. The analysis of life forms is evidence of the predominance of herbaceous plants (65.9% of the total flora).
Phytoplankton of the middle course of the Kostroma River and its tributaries (Kostroma Oblast, Russia)
Authors: Корнева Л.Г. , Митропольская И.В. , Макарова О.С.
Published: March 2024

Летом и осенью 2009–2013 гг. исследовали фитопланктон среднего течения р. Ко- стромы и ее притоков первого порядка Корёга и Тёбза. На основании анализа флористического и видового разнообразия, соотношения крупных таксономических групп (отделов), доминирующих видов, численности, биомассы и размерности клеток фитопланктона, а также содержания хлоро- филла а и сапробности вод обнаружены как сходства, так и различия фитопланктона рек и каче- ства их вод. Установлено, что разнообразие и обилие фитопланктона рек определяли зеленые, диатомовые водоросли и цианопрокариоты. Показано, что в притоках (малых реках) разнообра- зие и обилие фитопланктона, а также уровень трофии вод снижались. Последнее сопровожда- лось увеличением пропорции в потамопланктоне рек Корёга и Тёбза обилия миксотрофных фи- тофлагеллят. При этом размерность клеток водорослей в притоках увеличивалась. Сапробность вод во всех реках соответствовала β-мезосапробной зоне органического загрязнения. Оценка качества вод по различным индикаторным показателям фитопланктона показала, что реки от- носились к двум классам: чистым и водам удовлетворительной чистоты, причем более высоким качеством отличались воды притоков.

This study was undertaken in the summer and fall of 2009–2013 to investigate phytoplankton in the middle reaches of the Kostroma River and its first-order Koryoga and Tyobza tributaries. Based on the analysis of floral and species diversity, the ratio of large taxonomic groups (divisions), dominant species, abundance, biomass and phytoplankton cell size, as well as chlorophyll а content and water saprobity, both similarities and differences were found in the phytoplankton of the rivers and the quality of their waters. It was also found that the diversity and abundance of the river phytoplankton was determined by green algae, diatoms and cyanoprokaryotes. It was shown that in the tributaries (small rivers) the diversity and abundance of phytoplankton, as well as the level of water trophy, decreased. The latter was accompanied by an increase in the proportion of mixotrophic phytoflagellates in the potamoplankton of the Koryoga and Tyobza rivers. At the same time, the algae cell size in the tributaries increased. The water saprobity in all the rivers corresponded to the β-mesosaprobic zone of organic pollution. The water quality assessment based on various indicator parameters of phytoplankton showed that the rivers under study belonged to two classes: clean and satisfactory clean, with higher water quality in the tributaries.
Phytoplankton, zooplankton, and macrozoobenthos of some small lakes (Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia)
Authors: Жданова С.М. , Пряничникова Е.Г. , Семенова А.С. , Сиделев С.И. , Беляков Е.А. , Соколова А.С.
Published: March 2024

В ходе гидробиологических исследований четырех малых озер Ярославской области в 2013–2015 и в 2018 гг. в фитопланктоне было выявлено 92 таксона цианобактерий и водорослей, в зоопланктоне – 76 видов планктонных животных, в макрозообентосе – 26 низших определяемых таксонов. Оз. Рюмниково по показателям фитопланктона и зоопланктона имело наиболее низкий трофический статус (мезотрофный), в нем отмечено максимальное разнообразие и количественное развитие макрозообентоса. Озера Вашутинское, Чашницкое и Заозерье по показателям фитопланктона и зоопланктона оценены как эвтрофные, а разнообразие и количественное развитие макрозообентоса в них было на низком уровне, в том числе в связи с влиянием «цветения» воды и накопления сероводорода.

In total, 92 taxa of cyanobacteria and phytoplankton algae, 76 zooplankton species, and 26 lower definable taxa of macrozoobenthos were registered during hydrobiological studies at four small lakes of the Yaroslavl Oblast in 2013–2015 and 2018. According to indicators of phytoplankton and zooplankton, Lake Ryumnikovo had the lowest trophic status (mesotrophic), but both the maximum diversity and abundance of macrozoobenthos. Lakes Vashutinskoe, Chashnitskoe and Zaozer'e were eutrophic, the macrozoobenthos diversity and abundance there were low, partly due to the water bloom effect and hydrogen sulfide accumulation.
Interannual changes in zooplankton of the canals of the Volga delta in the spring-summer period
Authors: Федяева Л.А.
Published: March 2024

Проведенные в 2011–2014 гг. исследования выявили структурные и количественные изменения зоопланктона протоков дельты Волги в маловодные годы по сравнению со средне-водным. Показано, что в маловодные годы зоопланктон характеризуется снижением видового богатства и высоким количественным развитием ювенильных стадий Copepoda. В средне-водный год зоопланктон отличается высоким общим и удельным видовым богатством, средней индивидуальной массой ракообразных, весной – высокой биомассой ветвистоусых ракообразных, летом – снижением численности и биомассы Cladocera, повышением количественных характеристик Rotifera, а среди экологических групп – доли плавающих организмов. Показано, что на формирование зоопланктона оказывает влияние комплекс факторов, среди которых в разное время выделяются объем стока, уровень воды, скорость его подъема, сроки стояния и величина максимального уровня, температурный режим, продолжительность половодья, обводненность поймы, контроль со стороны молоди рыб.

Research conducted in 2011–2014 revealed the main trends in structural and quantitative changes in zooplankton in the Volga delta channels in low-water years compared to middle-water years. It has been shown that in dry years, zooplankton is characterized by a decrease in species richness and high quantitative development of juvenile stages of Copepoda. In a mid-water year, zooplankton is characterized by a high total and specific species richness, an average individual mass of Crustacea, in the spring – a high biomass of Cladocera, in the summer – a decrease in the abundance and biomass of Cladocera, an increase in the quantitative characteristics of Rotifera, and among ecological groups – the proportion of floating organisms. The formation of zooplankton is influenced by a complex of factors, among which, at different times, are the volume of runoff, water level, the rate of its rise, the period of standing and the value of the maximum level, temperature conditions, the duration of the flood, the water content of the floodplain, control by juveniles fish.
Dynamics of restoration of higher aquatic and semi-aquatic vegetation of Lake Manzherokskoye after its dredging in 2018
Authors: Киприянова Л.М.
Published: March 2024

В результате обобщения ретроспективных и современных данных получена картина динамики водной и прибрежно-водной растительности озера Манжерокского за последние годы. Показано, что до начала дноуглубительных работ водная растительность озера отличалась высоким видовым и ценотическим разнообразием, однако к 2007 г. состояние популяции водяного ореха Trapa pectinata ухудшилось по сравнению с 1970-ми годами. Дноуглубительные работы, проведенные в 2018 г., привели к катастрофическому падению видового (с 25 до 12 видов) и ценотического (с 10 до 3 ассоциаций) разнообразия гидро- и гелофитной растительности. С водоема полностью исчезли заросли кувшинки чисто-белой. В первые годы после завершения работ показатели разнообразия резко выросли и к 2022 г. достигли 24 видов и 12 ассоциаций соответственно. Несмотря на то, что к 2022 г. произошло восстановление популяции водяного ореха, на сегодняшний день озеро Манжерокское является единственным в Республике Алтай водоемом с уникальной популяцией Trapa pectinata, поэтому необходимо его сохранение в статусе особо охраняемой природной территории. Кроме охраны популяции Trapa pectinata, необходимо сохранение редких видов сплавинного комплекса – Sparganium subglobosum и S. glomeratum.

The generalized retrospective and modern data represent dynamics of aquatic and semi-aquatic vegetation of Lake Manzherokskoye in recent years. It is shown that before implementation of the dredging works, the aquatic vegetation of Lake Manzherokskoye was distinguished by high species and coenotic diversity. However, the state of the water chestnut population worsened by 2007, as compared to the 1970s. Dredging caused a drastic decline in species and coenotic diversity of aquatic and semi-aquatic vegetation. For instance, species diversity of vascular plants (hydro- and helophytes) reduced from 25 to 12 species, while coenotic one – from 10 to 3 associations. Previously extensive thickets of water lily Nymphaea candida completely disappeared. In the first years after dredging, a rapid restoration of the macrophyte component of the aquatic ecosystem of Lake Manzherokskoye occurred, i.e. a drastic increase in species and coenotic diversity. In 2018–2022, species diversity of hydro- and helophytes increased from 12 to 24 species, and coenotic diversity – from 3 to 12 associations. Though the water chestnut population had recovered by 2022, today Lake Manzherokskoye remains the only reservoir in the Republic of Altai where the unique population Trapa pectinata exists. Thus, the lake should be preserved as a special protected natural area. Along with water chestnut, conservation of rare species of the floating mats (Sparganium subglobosum and S. glomeratum) is also of great importance.