bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LEGAL GROUNDS FOR PENETRATION INTO A DWELLING OF THE NATIONAL GUARD TROOPS
Authors: Сайфутдинова А.Д.
Published: April 2021

Введение: вопросы, связанные с реализацией полномочий войск национальной гвардии в России, в настоящее время являются актуальными. Положения актов, регулирующих деятельность Росгвардии, стали новыми для нашего законодательства, в связи с этим требуют разъяснения для единообразной практики их применения. В данной статье рассмотрены полномочия войск национальной гвардии, связанные с проникновением в жилище граждан.
Материалы и методы: при написании статьи использовались классические способы познания объективной действительности, приоритетными выступили такие методы познания, которые позволили исследовать предмет изучения в динамике и во взаимосвязи с другими институтами, среди которых сравнительно-правовой, формально-логический и метод логического анализа. Нормативную базу исследования составляет действующее российское законодательство, теоретической базой исследования выступила научно-теоретическая база по вопросам, связанным с темой исследования.
Результаты исследования: автором впервые представлена модель законного проникновения в жилище сотрудника войск национальной гвардии, а также сформулировано определение понятия
«досмотр жилища».
Обсуждение и заключения: в статье проанализированы положения законодательных актов, касающиеся правомочий военнослужащих войск национальной гвардии осуществлять проникновение и досмотр жилища, рассмотрены обстоятельства, при которых проникновение в жилище необходимо, сформулировано авторское понятие «досмотр жилища».
THE SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT OF PERSONALITY IDENTIFICATION. HABITOLOGY IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Набиев Р.Ф. , Белов Е.А.
Published: April 2021

Введение: в статье рассматриваются достоинства и недостатки применяемых методов идентификации личности, анализируются отечественные, американские и китайские модели криминологической превенции различных девиаций, выявляются организационные, социально-психологические и нормативные противоречия в использовании искусственного интеллекта при идентификации личности, анонсируется использование в криминалистической габитологии обновленных идей комплексной антропометрической идентификации Альфонса Бертильона.
Материалы и методы: в работе применяется совокупность общенаучных (анализ, синтез, аналогия, экстраполяция), частнонаучных (социологический, формально-юридический, сравнительно-правовой) и конкретно-научных (экспертная оценка, верификация, составление логических цепочек) методов иссле-дования.
Результаты исследования: осуществлен анализ возможностей использования искусственного интел- лекта при создании моделей профилактики и предупреждения различных правонарушений. Обозначены перспективы метода социального регулирования, основанного на использовании телекоммуникационных систем в борьбе с преступностью. Представлен материал по комплексному слежению за гражданами, применённому в Китае в формате методики социального аванса. Выявлены социально-правовые и организационно-технические проблемы в использовании искусственного интеллекта при идентификации личности. Выработаны рекомендации по введению такой специализации, как «комплексная антропометрия», что позволит оценивать и представлять суду синтетическую информацию, предоставленную банками данных.
Обсуждения и заключение: в статье обосновывается необходимость комплексного подхода к вопросу идентификации личности, так как применение новых технологий габитологии позволит не только вы-являть преступников и предотвращать преступления, но и повлияет на развитие социума в целом.
PUBLIC SURVEY IN INTERNAL AFFAIRS BODIES INVESTIGATION: CHALLENGES
Authors: Шляхтин Е.П. , Каунов А.В.
Published: April 2021

Введение: статья посвящена исследованию проблем, возникающих в оперативно-розыскной деятельности территориальных и иных органов МВД России при проведении гласного оперативно- розыскного мероприятия «Обследование помещений, зданий, сооружений, участков местности и транспортных средств»3. Также рассматривается вопрос о допустимости применения принуждения при проведении вышеуказанного оперативно-розыскного мероприятия4.
Материалы и методы: при рассмотрении отдельных проблемных вопросов проведения гласного обследования исследовались работы В.А. Гусева, Л.А. Бакланова, Е.В. Бурякова, Д.С. Джурука, А.С. Томилиной, И.С. Дудника, Н.С. Железняка, Ю.В. Леонтьевой, Н.В. Павличенко, А.С. Сидорова, О.В. Фирсова, А.Е. Чечетина и ряда других известных ученых, результаты проверок Прокуратурой Кемеровской области – Кузбасса, проведенных в 2019 – 2020 годах, материалов, по которым сотрудниками оперативных подразделений ГУ МВД России по Кемеровской области и его территориальных органов проводились гласные обследования. Применялись общенаучный, диалектический, структурно- логический, функциональный и логико-семантический методы, методы анализа, синтеза.
Результаты исследования: проведен анализ проблемных вопросов, встречающихся при проведении гласного обследования, даны предложения по изменению ведомственных нормативных правовых актов, регулирующих порядок проведения гласного обследования.
Обсуждение и заключения: обоснована авторская позиция, согласно которой ввиду отсутствия необходимых процессуальных гарантий у лиц, в отношении которых проводится гласное обследование, назрела необходимость ограничения круга преступлений, по которым возможно проведение рассматриваемого оперативно-розыскного мероприятия.
CERTAIN ASPECTS OF MODERN FORMS OF PARTICIPATION OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN LAW ENFORCEMENT
Authors: Литвин И.И.
Published: April 2021

Введение: в статье автор указывает на значимость влияния институтов гражданского общества на социальные, экономические, политические и правовые процессы, происходящие в государстве. Подчеркивает актуальность использования современных технологий в процессе самоорганизации граждан, перспективах использования деятельности общественных объединений, ведущих свою деятельность в социальных сетях, в целях обеспечения общественного правопорядка, профилактики и пресечения преступности.
Материалы и методы: в качестве примера рассмотрен опыт использования программного средства FindFace участниками интернет-сообщества в целях поиска лиц, совершивших правонарушение: рассмотрены способы взаимодействия членов гражданского общества, использованные современные технические средства и полученные результаты.
Результаты исследования: автор пришел к выводам относительно прогрессивных возможностей интернет-пространства для взаимодействия граждан, в том числе в целях осуществления правоохранительной деятельности. Рассмотрены другие возможности подобного взаимодействия. Исследованы признаки гражданского общества, которые нашли свое отражение при объединении людей в интернет-сообщества, механизмы возможного правового регулирования подобных взаимоотношений.
Обсуждение и заключения: сделан вывод относительно возможности совершенствования институтов гражданского общества, их перспективности и положительного влияния на правоохранительную деятельность.
THE REASONABLENESS OF THE PENALTY OF DEPRIVATION OF LIBERTY
Authors: Воробьев С.М. , Егорова Т.И.
Published: April 2021

Введение: в статье исследована проблема эффективного применения наказания в виде лишения свободы в разумном сочетании справедливости и гуманизма.
Материалы и методы: материалом к проведенному исследованию послужили официальные ста- тистические показатели ФСИН России, Судебного департамента при Верховном Суде Российской Федерации. При подготовке статьи применялись сравнительно-правовой и документальный методы.
Результаты исследования: в статье проанализированы предпосылки и состояние соотношения справедливости и гуманизма при законодательном закреплении и применения наказания в виде лише- ния свободы, намечены приоритетные направления разумной дифференциации правового регулирования в рассматриваемой сфере.
Обсуждение и заключения: авторы статьи приходят к выводу, что реформы современного уголовного законодательства в недостаточной мере соответствуют потребностям правоприменительной практики, нуждающейся в разумных ограничениях рамок усмотрения и конкретизации содержания дискреционных полномочий суда для соблюдения баланса справедливости и гуманизма в сфере государственного принуждения.
SOME SOCIAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CRIMINALS WHO COMMIT TRAFFIC CRIMES
Authors: Шерпеева А.З.
Published: April 2021

Введение: в статье рассматриваются социально-демографические характеристики лиц, совершающих дорожно-транспортные происшествия: пол, возраст, образовательный уровень, род деятельности, водительский стаж, гражданство и некоторые иные. Подчеркивается значимость таких характеристик для организации предупредительной работы по рассматриваемым преступлениям.
Материалы и методы: в ходе работы над статьей применялись сравнительно-правовой, системно-структурный, статистический и социологический методы. Также применялись специально-криминологические методы исследования: анализ уголовно-правовой статистики, изучение уголовных дел, опрос преступников. В частности, основу исследования составляют результаты изучения автором уголовных дел по дорожно-транспортным преступлениям и результаты проведенного анкетирования лиц, совершивших названные преступления, за период с 2016 по 2020 гг.
Результаты исследования: проведен анализ социально-демографических характеристик преступников, совершивших дорожно-транспортные преступления, в том числе в сравнении с социально-демографическими характеристиками других категорий преступников и законопослушных граждан (водителей транспортных средств); выявлены их отличительные особенности.
Обсуждение и заключения: автор приходит к выводу, что в последние годы социально-демографические характеристики дорожно-транспортных преступников меняются: увеличивается количество женщин, лиц молодого возраста, лиц с высшим образованием, иностранных граждан.
RECUSAL OF A JUDGE IN COURTS OF CASSATION
Authors: Багаутдинов Ф.Н.
Published: April 2021

Введение: в статье рассматриваются позиции новых кассационных судов общей юрисдикции по вопросам отвода судьи при рассмотрении уголовных дел, исследуются различные ситуации, при наличии которых судья должен устраниться от участия в рассмотрении дела.
Материалы и методы: при исследовании использованы методы научного анализа, обобщения судебной практики, сравнительно-правовой метод. Эмпирической базой исследования послужили судебные решения по уголовным делам, вынесенные новыми кассационными судами при пересмотре приговоров судов общей юрисдикции различных регионов Российской Федерации за период с 2019 по 2020 гг.
Результаты исследования: по результатам проведенного исследования выдвинуты предложения о расширении оснований для отвода судьи при рассмотрении уголовных дел; также предлагается до- пустить возможность обжалования решения судьи об отказе в удовлетворении ходатайства об отводе.
Обсуждение и заключения: в результате исследования выявлены типичные ошибки судей при рассмотрении уголовных дел, связанные с нарушением положений Уголовно-процессуального кодекса Российской Федерации (далее – УПК РФ) об отводе судьи.
A CO-to-H2 Ratio of ≈10−5 toward the Herbig Ae Star HK Ori
Authors: Cauley P. Wilson , France Kevin , Herzceg Gregory J. , Johns-Krull Christopher M.
Published: April 2021

Measurements of gas mass in protoplanetary gas disks form the basis for estimating the conditions of planet formation. Among the most important constraints derived from disk diagnostics are the abundances of gas-phase species critical for understanding disk chemistry. Toward this end, we present direct line-of-sight measurements of H2 and CO, employing UV absorption spectroscopy from Hubble Space Telescope Cosmic Origins Spectrograph to characterize disk composition, molecular excitation temperatures, and spatial distribution in the circumstellar material around the Herbig Ae stars HK Ori and T Ori. We observe strong CO (N(CO) = 1015.5 cm−2; T
rot(CO) = 19 K) and H2 (N(H2) = 1020.34 cm−2; T
rot(H2) = 141 K) absorption toward HK Ori with a CO/H2 ratio of (≡N(CO)/N(H2)) =

× 10−5. These measurements place direct empirical constraints on the CO-to-H2 conversion factor in the disk around a Herbig Ae star for the first time, although there is uncertainty concerning the exact viewing geometry of the disk. The spectra of T Ori show CO (N(CO) = 1014.9 cm−2; T
rot(CO) = 124 K) absorption. Interestingly, we do not detect any H2 absorption toward this star (N(H2) < 1015.9 cm−2). We discuss a potential scenario for the detection of CO without H2, which deserves further investigation. The low abundance ratio measured around HK Ori suggests significant depletion of CO in the circumstellar gas, which conforms with the handful of other recent CO abundance measurements in protoplanetary disks.
Tails: Chasing Comets with the Zwicky Transient Facility and Deep Learning
Authors: Duev Dmitry A. , Bolin Bryce T. , Graham Matthew J. , Kelley Michael S. P. , Mahabal Ashish , Bellm Eric C. , Coughlin Michael W. , Dekany Richard , Helou George , Kulkarni Shrinivas R. , Masci Frank J. , Prince Thomas A. , Riddle Reed , Soumagnac Maayane T. , van der Walt Stéfan J.
Published: April 2021

We present Tails, an open-source deep-learning framework for the identification and localization of comets in the image data of the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), a robotic optical time-domain survey currently in operation at the Palomar Observatory in California, USA. Tails employs a custom EfficientDet-based architecture and is capable of finding comets in single images in near real time, rather than requiring multiple epochs as with traditional methods. The system achieves state-of-the-art performance with 99% recall, a 0.01% false-positive rate, and a 1–2 pixel rms error in the predicted position. We report the initial results of the Tails efficiency evaluation in a production setting on the data of the ZTF Twilight survey, including the first AI-assisted discovery of a comet (C/2020 T2) and the recovery of a comet (P/2016 J3 = P/2021 A3).
An IRTF-iSHELL Survey of 4.52–5.25 μm CO Spectra in Protoplanetary Disks of Intermediate-mass Stars: Preliminary Sample and Analysis
Authors: Abernathy Kirsten M. , Banzatti Andrea , Jensen Stanley , Brittain Sean , Boogert Adwin , Rayner John T. , Bruderer Simon
Published: April 2021

We are conducting a survey of high-resolution near-infrared CO rovibrational spectra in protoplanetary disks around young intermediate-mass stars. We use IRTF-iSHELL with the 0.″375 and 0.″75 slits, providing 4 km s−1 and 6 km s−1 resolution and covering 4.52–5.25 μm in one single exposure. This includes part of the rovibrational R branch and most of the P branch of the CO fundamental band (Δv = 1), one of the best tracers of warm/hot gas in disks. The high quality of the spectra and the large sample covered in this survey will support multiple investigations to study the structure, kinematics, composition, and evolution of the inner 10 au in disks for years to come. The survey currently includes ∼30 stars mostly within 200 pc, complementing extensive imaging campaigns that are observing their disks at optical, infrared, and millimeter wavelengths and revealing structures and planets.
Identification of a Low-mass Companion to the White Dwarf SDSS J131730.84+483332.7
Authors: Jalowiczor Peter A. , Casewell Sarah , Schneider Adam C. , Gagné Jonathan , Faherty Jacqueline K. , Kuchner Marc J. , Meisner Aaron M. , Burgasser Adam J.
Published: April 2021

We present the discovery of 2MASS J13173072+4833343, a low-mass stellar companion to the ∼5.5 Gyr old white dwarf SDSS J131730.85+483332.8. This companion was discovered through the Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 citizen science collaboration. We obtained a near-infrared spectrum of the companion and determined a spectral type of M8.5. Using the cooling age of the white dwarf, we determined that the stellar companion has a mass of

0.077

−
0.017

+
0.005

M
☉, or

80.2

−
1.8

+
0.5

M
Jup, near the substellar boundary.
Interstellar Highly Ionized Species toward Cygnus: A Closer Look
Authors: Leach Kevin S. , Bruhweiler Frederick
Published: April 2021

We examine Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/STIS data, complemented with International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) data, to delineate interstellar absorption of highly ionized species, C iv, Si iv, and N v, and low ionization species toward four stars in Cygnus. Previous IUE studies indicate two major velocity complexes for C iv and Si iv extending across Cygnus. We see interstellar N v in HST/STIS data for HD 190918 and Cyg X-1. In both stars, the N v is at the velocities of interstellar C iv and Si iv. In HD 190918, the N v is weak, possibly due to enhanced X-ray ionization produced by this binary system. The Cyg X-1 data are of low signal-to-noise, but N v is quite strong with a small b-value, indicating N v arises in a cooler H ii region resulting from X-ray Auger ionization by Cyg X-1.
Specifics and prospects of the Yamal–Nenets Autonomous Okrug labour market in the context of economic and demographic development trends
Authors: Kuchmaeva Oksana V.
Published: April 2021

The paper studies peculiarities of formation and use of the Yamal–Nenets Autonomous Okrug labour potential. The purpose of the study is to identify the specifics of the situation in the regional labour market, its main determinants and development prospects, and to formulate proposals for employment policy corresponding to the peculiarities of the socio-demographic and economic situation. The paper is based on state labour statistics, municipal statistics, information of the Federal Register of Disabiled Persons, and the Rosstat population surveys data. To solve the research tasks the author uses methods of descriptive statistical analysis, as well as clustering methods in application to data characterizing tensions in the labour market of the municipalities of the region. The results of the analysis indicate the high role of migration in the formation of the labour potential of the region. Among the structural features of employment of the Yamal–Nenets Autonomous Okrug are a significant share of shift labour and a high proportion of migrants in the labour force, significant disparities in the structure of employed by economic activity and occupational group, as well as a small proportion of self-employed and entrepreneurs. The author concludes that the problems of the labour market act as an obstacle to the sustainable development of the region.
Four new coelotine species (Araneae, Agelenidae, Coelotinae) from South China, with the first description of the male of Coelotes septus Wang, Yin, Peng & Xie, 1990
Authors: Liu Ji-he , Xiao Yong-hong , Zhang Meng-zhen , Xu Xiang , Liu Ke-ke
Published: April 2021

Four new species are described from Jinggang Mountain National Nature Reserve, Jiangxi Province of southern China: Draconarius lingdangsp. nov. (♂♀), D. substrophadatussp. nov. (♀), Orumcekia cipingensissp. nov. (♀) and Tonsilla shuikouensissp. nov. (♀). Additionally, Coelotes septus Wang, Yin, Peng & Xie, 1990 is redescribed and its male is described for the first time.
Potentiels de l’innovation collaborative en Tunisie : cas des FabLabs
Authors: Lahouij Mohamed Anouar
Published: April 2021

Ce travail donne un aperçu des FabLabs réalisés en Tunisie et offre une idée générale des obstacles réels. Ainsi, cet article permet d’illustrer l’évolution d’une économie ascendante et de ses caractéristiques collaboratives. Sur la base d’une analyse des entretiens qualitatifs avec les représentants du FabLab en Tunisie, nous avons détecté des attentes positives et la présence de plusieurs barrières qui empêchent de déployer tout le potentiel de l’innovation collaborative. Ainsi, des recommandations générales peuvent être formulées pour favoriser la participation aux processus de co-création dans l’animation des FabLabs.
Dynamics of piezoelectric beams with magnetic effects and delay term
Authors: Freitas Mirelson M. , Ramos Anderson J. A. , Dos Santos Manoel J. , Almeida Jamille L.L.
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we consider a piezoelectric beams system with magnetic effects and delay term. We study its long-time behavior through the associated dynamical system. We prove that the system is gradient and asymptotically smooth, which as a consequence, implies the existence of a global attractor, which is characterized as unstable manifold of the set of stationary solutions. We also get the quasi-stability of the system by establishing a stabilizability estimate and therefore obtain the finite fractal dimension of the global attractor.
Análisis comparativo de ciudades históricas mediante sintaxis espacial. Los casos de Sevilla y Lisboa
Authors: Ferreira-Lopes Patricia
Published: April 2021

Este trabajo presenta un análisis comparativo aplicando técnicas de la sintaxis espacial en dos ciudades históricas que durante los siglos XVI y XVII fueron, entre otras, los principales núcleos de la península ibérica: Lisboa y Sevilla. Las principales fases metodológicas del trabajo fueron: 1) adquisición y digitalización de datos históricos; geo-procesamiento de las fuentes de datos; 2) preparación del modelo de mapa axial; 3) generación del mapa axial; 4) generación del mapa de segmentos; 5) estudio y análisis de los parámetros; 6) visualización e interpretación de los mapas. La aplicación de los análisis a partir de mapas de segmentos ha permitido el cálculo de variables más relacionadas con la accesibilidad, movimiento y actividad urbana: la elección angular normalizada (NACH) y la integración angular normalizada (NAIN). Este artículo demuestra que el modelo computacional proporciona un enfoque eficaz para realizar estudios comparativos de ciudades históricas.
Le bandit et ses mythes
Authors: Michelutti Lucia , Picherit David
Published: April 2021

De Pablo Escobar à Phoolan Devi, les mythes de bandits plus ou moins sociaux se développent de manière exponentielle et se répandent par le biais des médias numériques. Célébrant des bandits, des gangsters, des politiciens mafieux – morts ou vivants – à partir de bricolages transculturels, ces mythes constituent des armes effectives dans le présent immédiat mais aussi un rendez-vous avec une postérité incertaine. Fiction et faits semblent ainsi fusionner et donner naissance à des réalités fictionnelles puissantes qui débordent les vies présentes et post-mortem de ces figures. Cette introduction expose comment ces réalités fictionnelles sont concrètement élaborées par le biais d’« écritures scénarisées de mythes » qui sont pleinement constitutives de l’autorité de ces bandits. Ce concept théorique que nous développons est aussi un objet ethnographique : nous explorons empiriquement cette fabrique quotidienne de la séduction, de la fascination et de l’effroi, laquelle est indissociable de la capacité à faire agir autrui dans les économies politiques criminelles.
Pour l’amour de Carlos
Authors: Lamotte Martin
Published: April 2021

Le 30 mars 1981, le gangster Carlos La Sombra est assassiné en prison à Porto Rico. Sa mort déclenche une guerre de pouvoir sanglante dans le milieu carcéral portoricain et marque la naissance du gang des Ñetas. À partir de la fin des années 1990, ces derniers amorcent la rédaction d’un livre – le Liderato – faisant le récit de la vie du fondateur. Appartenir au gang, c’est dès lors connaître cette histoire et suivre ce modèle. Surtout, de nouvelles figures de chef s’imposent au sein de l’organisation : ceux qui écrivent la légende de Carlos gagnent en pouvoir et autorité. Cet article revient sur l’écriture et la circulation de cette histoire dans le monde ñetas, et sur la fabrique narrative du gangster pénitent et politiquement radical comme outil de façonnage des figures d’autorité.
Politique western
Authors: Somda Dominique
Published: April 2021

Explorant la mobilisation des imaginaires politiques locaux et nationaux à Madagascar en contexte de crise, cet article analyse la construction des légitimités et de l’illégalité. Ces dix dernières années, la région d’Anôsy, au sud-est de l’île, a souffert de la multiplication des vols de zébus par des bandits armés et de leur répression brutale. Durant la même période, l’Anôsy connaît également un repli continu de l’État face à l’expansion d’entreprises privées. La mythification d’hommes forts, voleurs ou gendarmes dont les rôles s’entremêlent, s’inscrit tant dans la tradition orale locale mettant en scène rois et héros que dans le spectacle rituel de la violence masculine ; elle emprunte aussi à l’iconographie et aux ressorts narratifs du western d’inspiration euro-américaine. Ces éléments variés de la culture populaire contribuent à faire de l’Anôsy une frontière, espace à exploiter et zone de contact où s’interpénètrent les imaginaires.
Les petits pains de la maman d’El Chapo
Authors: Blazquez Adèle
Published: April 2021

Les élus de Badiraguato, petite municipalité du nord-ouest du Mexique, reçoivent une grande quantité de journalistes. Plusieurs grandes figures médiatiques du narcotrafic mexicain sont en effet issues des montagnes de la commune considérée comme le « fief du Cartel de Sinaloa », et les anecdotes concernant leur quotidien ou celui de leurs proches sont une denrée prisée des journalistes. L’examen des propos recueillis auprès d’élus locaux au cours de l’enquête ethnographique permet d’identifier les enjeux de la médiatisation de ces petits détails pittoresques. Celle-ci reflète ainsi une tendance à considérer les habitants de la commune comme une base sociale acquise aux narcotrafiquants. La prégnance de ce registre dans les productions discursives des autorités civiles d’une commune rurale marginalisée, et dont la principale économie repose sur la production de pavot, illustre une modalité singulière de dépolitisation de la violence au Mexique.
Truand ou bandit social ?
Authors: Bakker Laurens
Published: April 2021

En Indonésie, à la suite des réformes gouvernementales mises en place après 1998, se développe un courant particulier d’activisme. Des causes comme les droits indigènes et les droits fonciers des pauvres sont alors défendues par des groupes dont l’image est résolument plus violente que celle des ONG. Généralement désignées par le terme ormas, ou organisations de masses, ces associations manient deux registres : celui de la responsabilité sociale et celui d’hommes forts défendant leur communauté tout en se livrant à des activités criminelles. Ce mélange est une concoction puissante qui permet à un leader ormas habile – presque toujours un homme – de jouer différents rôles et de faire appel à de multiples sources de légitimation pour ses actes, en fonction de sa position dans la société locale. Pak Bahrudin est l’un de ces hommes, défendant à sa manière les droits des gens de Paser – un district de la province de Kalimantan Est. Ce court récit décrit son ascension, certaines de ses actions et sa chute finale.
Heroic scripts
Authors: Meikle Tracian , Jaffe Rivke
Published: April 2021

In 2010, Christopher “Dudus” Coke, one of Jamaica’s most powerful “dons”, was arrested and extradited to the United States, where he is currently serving a sentence of 23 years in federal prison for arms and drugs trafficking. The myth surrounding Dudus has been scripted and re-scripted, going through multiple phases of visual elaboration. Only a few photographs have circulated in the press and these scarce images have played a central role in initially reinforcing and then dismantling the myth surrounding his persona. Through its analysis of the case of Christopher Coke and other Jamaican “dons”, this visual essay argues for attention to the models of masculinity underlying myth-scripting, and the connections between masculinity and in/visibility.
Scripts héroïques
Authors: Meikle Tracian , Jaffe Rivke
Published: April 2021

Christopher « Dudus » Coke, l’un des plus puissants dons de Jamaïque, a été arrêté et extradé vers les États-Unis en 2010. Il purge actuellement une peine de vingt-trois ans dans une prison fédérale pour trafic d’armes et de drogue. Le mythe de Dudus a été élaboré visuellement en plusieurs phases. En effet, seul un petit nombre de photographies a circulé dans la presse ; ces rares clichés semblent avoir fortement contribué à renforcer, puis à démanteler le mythe entourant son personnage. À travers l’analyse des cas de Dudus et d’autres dons jamaïcains, ce portfolio étudie une culture iconographique du leader informel, à la fois chef et criminel, qui se construit sur des scripts visuels mettant en scène des modèles spécifiques de masculinité.
La marque du bandit
Authors: Renneville Marc
Published: April 2021

Ce court texte retrace les pérégrinations d’un crâne attribué à Cartouche, célèbre bandit parisien exécuté en place de Grève au début du xviiie siècle. À défaut de statuer sur l’authenticité de cette relique, il donne à voir l’évolution de l’attention dont elle a fait l’objet au fil de ses expositions publiques et de ses usages savants. Au-delà de l’incertitude ostéologique qui sera peut-être un jour levée, l’auteur montre combien les statuts successifs de ce reste humain témoignent de l’histoire des savoirs anthropologiques et de l’évolution des sensibilités.
Frères d’armes
Authors: Voix Raphaël
Published: April 2021

L’homme qui apparaît ce 28 avril 2011 dans le débat télévisé de la chaîne indienne Timesnow est un Danois recherché depuis plus de dix-sept ans. Vêtu sobrement, les yeux cerclés de fines lunettes, le visage émacié, Niels Holck, de son nom d’ascète Anindyananda, semble calme et déterminé. Il vient se défendre des accusations portées contre lui par la justice indienne : il serait à l’origine du parachutage d’armes de Purulia, un attentat considéré comme la plus haute atteinte à la sécurité intérieure indienne du xxe siècle. Le 17 décembre 1995, Niels a survolé la campagne bengali à basse altitude avec un vieil Antonov-26 et a fait larguer plus de 700 fusils d’assaut AK 56, une dizaine de lance-roquettes, des grenades, des cartouches, des fusées antitanks au-dessus de plusieurs villages d’un des districts les plus pauvres du Bengale-Occidental. Malgré un long procès et la condamnation de l’équipage de l’avion, les dessous de cette opération n’ont, depuis lors, jamais été élucidés. De nombreux articles de journaux, reportages de magazines, documentaires et films ont cherché à éclaircir cette affaire rocambolesque. Mais, dans la plupart des récits, le fait que les instigateurs présumés soient des yogis n’est mentionné qu’à titre anecdotique. Pourtant, de Osho à Ramdev, gurus et yogis en Inde ont souvent été impliqués dans des affaires illégales, politiques et financières : comment la pratique ascétique peut-elle s’articuler à l’action criminelle ?
An Analysis of the Enduring Factors of Road Traffic Accidents in Sri Lanka
Authors: Danthanarayana C. T. , Mallikahewa S. N.
Published: April 2021

The number of road accidents in Sri Lanka drastically increased over the last few decades, with high numbers of fatalities, grievous injuries, and property damage. It is important to analyse the most influential factors and root causes of the trends in road accidents. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effective and enduring factors that influence Grievous road traffic accidents in Sri Lanka from 1997 to 2017. According to the preliminary test results, the study analyses three main variables; Grievous Accidents, Operated Vehicles, and Road Length for model formulation. The study employs the Johansen Cointegration Test and Vector Error Correction Model to examine long-run relationships and short-run dynamics between the variables. The results show a positive relationship between the number of Operated Vehicles and Grievous Road Accidents in the long-run. The estimated coefficient is significant and consistent. Grievous Road Accidents are also positively related to Road Length, and the coefficient is significant and consistent. The elasticity of Road Length is very influential in the model. The study provides guidance to the relevant authorities in taking the necessary precautions by increasing awareness and concern for road safety measures to minimise the tragic consequences of road accidents in Sri Lanka.
Prediction of Gestational diabetes: Role of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio at booking visit
Authors: Fahim S. M. , De Silva W. V. V. , Abeykoon W.
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) affect up to approximately 10% of all pregnancies. Various markers of inflammation have been shown to predict the future diabetes risk and Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) level is significantly correlated with metabolic syndrome criteria. However, very few studies investigated any possible association between NLR and development of GDM. Objectives• To compare the NLR among GDM group and control group.• To identify an optimal cut-off value of NLR in predicting GDM. Methods: A longitudinal observational study in all pregnant women who are in their first trimester at antenatal clinic, Teaching Hospital, Kandy for six months was carried out with a Full Blood Count at the first trimester and Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) at the 24-28 weeks of gestation. Sample size was 361 and non-probability convenient sampling technique was applied. Results: Mean NLR value was 3.16 (SD=1.84) and the difference between GDM and non GDM mothers was not significant. Left upper most value for NLR of the ROC curve is 1.32 and when it is used as the cut off value the sensitivity is 99.6% and the specificity is 21.2%. Conclusions and recommendations: NLR positively correlates with the OGTT values done at 24-28 weeks of gestation, which can be used as a predictor at early booking visit. There is no significant difference between the mean value of participants with or without GDM. Prediction of GDM by NLR should be further studied in a well-targeted study population with wide methodology.
Feasibility of maintaining a portfolio for a professorial appointment in obstetrics and gynaecology in a low resource setting
Authors: Jayawardane M. A. M. M. , Pathiraja R. P. , Silva K. C. D. P. , Fernandopulle R. C. , Fernando A. , Chandradeva V. U. D.
Published: April 2021

Objective: The main objective of this study is to assess the feasibility in replacing the portfolio in a low resource setting and its acceptance amongst the students and staff. Synopsis: The objective for the study with regards to using portfolios: is it feasible for the 2 month professorial appointment in a low resource setting and its acceptance amongst the students and staff. Methods: The study was conducted on 259 final year medical students for a period of two years from 2016 to 2018, using the student portfolio maintained by them during their professorial gynaecology and obstetrics appointment which is of 8 weeks duration, and the feedbacks provided by students and staff. Results: Around 2 mini clinical evaluation exercise (CEX) were completed for gynaecology and obstetrics and 1 OSAT each was completed of the five different technical skills by all students. All of them completed the objective structured assessment of technical skills (OSATS) in episiotomy suturing, urine catherization and cannulation, 96% of the students were assessed on their skills for artificial rupture of membrane (ARM) and in setting up as an intravenous drip. Students managed to obtain feedback from patients, peers and nursing officers.100% positive feedback was given by the patients, 97% from peers and 92% from the nursing officers. 80% of all the logs in the portfolio were completed by the students. On an average 2 reflective writings were completed per student. 97% of the students found it as a useful tool and 97% stated that it can be easily completed. Conclusion: Introduction of a portfolio for the obstetrics and gynaecology professorial appointment for medical students is possible, with good student satisfaction despite higher number of student: staff ratios.
Online dental education during coronavirus pandemic-challenges and future ahead
Authors: Singh Malvika
Published: April 2021

CONTEXT:

The spread of coronavirus infection and its declaration of pandemic by the World Health Organization took us all by surprise and left us unprepared. Sudden lockdown declared by the Government of India confined the studies to be taken up through online mode.

AIMS:

The aim of this study was to assess the problems faced by the students and faculty members while conducting online lectures during pandemic.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

The study was conducted in our institute.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

A total of 336 students and 52 faculty members enrolled in various professional years of Bachelors of Dental Surgery were selected for the study.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:

Standard deviation, mean, and mode.

RESULTS:

Majority of students and faculty members suffered from various forms of connectivity issues while their other issues were completely different.

CONCLUSIONS:

Both students and faculty members suffered from different issues but minimizing these issues though cooperation and seemed to be a way out for online mode of teaching during coronavirus times.
Knowledge and perception about bioethics
Authors: Ashfaq Tabinda , Ishaq Aiesha , Shahzad Faisal , Saleem Fahad
Published: April 2021

Introduction:

Ethics plays an elementary role in current medical practice. Recent advancement in medical technology and its implications have raised many ethical issues and dilemmas in clinical practice, requiring dire needs for incorporation of bioethics into medical curriculum.

Aim:

The objective of this study is to assess the base line knowledge and perception of medical students regarding bioethical issues in clinical practice based on exposure to formal bioethics teaching in their medical curriculum.

Setting and design:

This cross sectional study was conducted among medical students of a private and government medical college who were currently enrolled into third to fifth year MBBS.

Methods and Material:

A pretested questionnaire was used to collect data. A structured questionnaire consisting of 27 questions was used for this study. An Ethics Review Committee approval was taken.

Analysis:

Data analysis was done under SPSS version 17 and frequencies were calculated.

Results:

A total of 285 medical students, 145 from private and 140 from government medical college participated in this study. Private college medical students (57%) had slightly better knowledge of bioethics as compared to the government students 43%.

Conclusion:

The study clearly signifies the need of teaching bioethics in the both the medical colleges. Our findings provide strong evidence for major educational initiatives related to bioethics education in medical curriculum.
Clinico-radiological profile of COVID-19 in Kashmiri population
Authors: Shahnawaz Mir , Wani Abdul H. , Upadhyay Shivani , Pattnaik Sasmita , Mustafa Hena , Azad Aaliya- Mohi-Ud-Din , Arjumand Farooq Syed Suraiya , Nabi Waseem , Hassan Yasir , Din Wani Nayeem U , Datta Bikram S. , Shah Naveed N. , Haq Inaamul , Dar Khurshid A.
Published: April 2021

Aim:

The purpose of our study was to assess the presentation of COVID-19 disease in terms of clinical and radiological features in our population.

Methods:

64 RT-PCR documented COVID-19 patients were included in the study. Clinical, biochemical, and radiological data were collected and analyzed retrospectively from last week of March to 30th April 2020.

Results:

Out of the 64 patients, 38 (59.4%) were males, 44 (68.7%) had a history of contact with COVID-19 positive patient. 26.6%patients were in the age group of 21–30 years. 53.1% patients were asymptomatic while as cough and fever were the most common symptoms in 21.8 and 20.3% patients, respectively. Anosmia was present in four patients. Hypertension and hypothyroidism were the most common comorbid illnesses among the study population in 9.4% patients each. Lymphopenia was present in 38% of patients CRP was increased in 83% patients, LDH in 90.2%, and ferritin in 51.5% of patients. 17 (26.6%) patients had bilateral disease in CT. RUL was the most common lobe involved in 18 (28.1%) patients. GGO and consolidation were seen in 22 (34.45) and 13 (20.3%) patients, respectively. Vessel enlargement was observed in 11 (17.2%) patients. All five lobes were involved in 9 (14.1%) patients. Five patients developed severe disease with respiratory comprise; two of them eventually died.

Conclusion:

The clinical and radiological characteristics of COVID-19 patients vary among different populations. Although there are no radiological features which seems to be characteristic of COVID-19, but CT helps in evaluation of the patients as many asymptomatic ones have some radiological findings suggestive of viral pneumonia.
Clinical profile of patients with rolandic epilepsy at a clinic in rural Maharashtra
Authors: Sable Sunil , Sable Rachna , Tamhankar Parag , Tamhankar Vasundhara
Published: April 2021

Purpose:

To describe the seizure pattern, treatment strategies and outcome in a series of children with Rolandic seizures or childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes.

Materials and Methods:

Patients were defined as Rolandic epilepsy if on electroencephalographic studies high voltage spike and waves were seen in centrotemporal areas, could be followed by slow waves, often activated on sleep and could shift from one side to other or be secondarily generalized. Typical (TRS) or benign were those with normal intellect. Atypical rolandic seizures (ARS) were those associated with neuroregression of language and cognitive milestones. Patients were treated with antiepileptic drugs if more than one episode occurred or the first episode was generalized status epilepticus.

Results:

Thirty-three patients were included over the period of eight years (2012-2020). There was male preponderance (21 males versus 12 females). Four patients (12.12%) later evolved into Landau Kleffner syndrome (ARS group). The mean age of onset of epilepsy in the TRS group (29 patients) was 7.2 (+/-2.2) with the youngest patient being 4 years and the eldest being 12 years. In the ARS group the mean age of onset was 5 yrs. (+/-1.41). In the TRS group, 23 (79.31%) patients were managed on monotherapy AED. Seventeen patients (58.62%) responded (remission) to carbamazepine monotherapy alone. Six patients (20.68%) could afford oxcarbazepine monotherapy and went in remission with this therapy. In the ARS group all patients required three drugs (valproate, clobazam and levetiracetam). By the end of the study period, 23/33 (75.75%) patients remained seizure free.

Conclusions:

Most patients with rolandic seizures have excellent prognosis being seizure free around puberty. The neurological outcome in most patients was normal.
Retrospective sequential trend analysis of neoplasms reported in a tertiary care hospital of district Etawah, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Shukla Sushil K. , Sachan Divyta , Bajpai Prashant K. , Srivastava Dhiraj K. , Verma Manoj K. , Agarwal Tanya
Published: April 2021

Introduction:

An estimated 2.25 million new cancer cases with 7 lakh cancer deaths were reported, according to GLOBOCAN 2018 in India. There is a steady rise in cancer cases, but trends and patterns vary within the state depending on the geographic region.

Objectives:

To study the proportion and site-wise distribution of neoplasm reported at a tertiary care hospital in district Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Material and Methods:

A record based retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in district Etawah, Uttar Pradesh. Total four years (from 2015 to 2018) hospital-based retrospective data were collected from the Medical Record Department. Identification and distribution of malignant neoplasm were done according to the WHO ICD-10 classification.

Results:

Total cases diagnosed with malignancy from January 2015 to December 2018 were 3614. Cancer cases reported over the years was 932 (25.8%) in 2015, 1031 (28.5%) cases in 2016, 897 (24.8%) in 2017 and 754 (20.9%) in 2018. It was found that breast carcinoma (24.0%) accounted for the maximum number of cases diagnosed, followed by lung carcinoma (10.9%), cervical cancer (8.7%), gall bladder carcinoma (8%), and oral cavity cancer (7.9%).

Conclusion:

The present study reveals that the malignancy of the breast is most common, followed by malignancies of lung, cervix, and gall bladder among the patients who were seeking care in a tertiary care hospital of the district Etawah Uttar Pradesh, India.
A study on anemia and its risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic of a rural medical college of West Bengal
Authors: Sinha Anuradha , Adhikary Moumita , Phukan Jyoti P. , Kedia Sonal , Sinha Tirthankar
Published: April 2021

Background:

Anemia is the commonest nutritional deficiency disorder in the world, particularly in developing countries. Though anemia is easily treatable and largely preventable disease if timely detected, it still continues to be significantly prevalent among pregnant women.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to measure the extent of anemia in pregnancy and to assess the association of risk factors with anemia.

Study Design:

Hospital-based cross-sectional descriptive study.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 200 women were selected among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic. Sampling was done by selecting every fifth woman visiting antenatal clinic within the duration of two months on alternate days. Data were collected using a predesigned, pretested semi-structured schedule. Hemoglobin concentrations were also recorded for each patient. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test and 'T' test of significance. A value of P < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results:

We found overall prevalence of anemia to be 90% among pregnant women. Most of the anemic patients (60.5%) belong to moderate severity according to the World Health Organization classification. Three factors namely socioeconomic status, gravida and time of 1st antenatal visit were significantly associated with prevalence of anemia in pregnancy (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

In this study, a high prevalence of anemia was found in pregnant women. Low socioeconomic status, multigravida and delayed visit to antenatal clinic were significantly associated with anemia in pregnancy. So, awareness and education programs should be generated to make people come to know about anemia, its complications during pregnancy and ways to prevent it.
Prevalence of self-medication and its associated factors among students of an engineering college in Chennai
Authors: Chakravarthy Sushil A. , Maiya G. Rakesh
Published: April 2021

Context:

Self-medication in healthcare is becoming an increasingly important area. However, risks such as misdiagnosis, inappropriate drug dosage, extended time of use, drug interactions and polypharmacy are also associated with it.

Aims:

The present cross-sectional study aims to study the prevalence of self-medication and its associated factors among engineering students.

Setting and Design:

The present cross-sectional study was conducted in an engineering college in Chennai.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 199 participants were studied. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire including general information and specific questions regarding the prevalence of self-medication and its associated factors was given to the study participants and were instructed to fill them.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Data were recorded and analysed in the excel spreadsheet using SPSS software version 16 and Chi-square test was used to perform interferential statistical analysis.

Results:

199 engineering students were studied, ranging from 1st year to 4th year between the age group of 17–25 years. From the data collected, 154 (77.4%) participants said they had been on self-medications before and 45 (22.6%) participants said they have never been on self-medication.

Conclusions:

From this study we come to a conclusion that the prevalence of self-medication among the engineering students in sub-urban Chennai is high that is 77.4%. The parameters frequently linked with self-medication are the type of illness and the easy access to drugs. Since self-medication is at an alarming rate, the need of the hour is to educate the youth to ensure healthy practice.