Building Architecture of Intelligent Control System for Urban Rail Transit System
Authors: Alexeev V. M. , Baranov L. A. , Kulagin M. A. , Sidorenko V. G. 
Published: September 2021

The increase in the volume of passenger transportation in megalopolises and large urban agglomerations is efficiently provided by the integration of urban public transit systems and city railways. Traffic management under those conditions requires creating intelligent centralised multi-level traffic control systems that implement the required indicators of quality, comfort, and traffic safety regarding passenger transportation. Besides, modern control systems contribute to traction power saving, are foundation and integral part of the systems of digitalisation of urban transit and the cities. Building systems solving the traffic planning and control tasks is implemented using algorithms based on the methods of artificial intelligence, principles of hierarchically structured centralised systems, opportunities provided by Big Data technology. Under those conditions it is necessary to consider growing requirements towards software as well as theoretical design and practical implementation of network organisation.

This article discusses designing architecture and shaping requirements for developed applications and their integration with databases to create a centralised intelligent control system for the urban rail transit system (CICS URTS). The article proposes the original architecture of the network, routing of information flows and software of CICS URTS. The routing design is based on a fully connected network. This allows to significantly increase the network bandwidth and meet the requirements regarding information protection, since information flows are formed based on the same type of protocols, which prevents emergence of covert transmission channels. The implementation of the core using full connectivity allows, according to the tags of information flows, to pre-form the routes for exchange of information between servers and applications deployed in CICS URTS. The use of encrypted tags of information flows makes it much more difficult to carry out attacks and organise collection of information about the network structure.

Platforms for development of intelligent control systems (ICS), which include CICS URTS, high computing power, data storage capacity and new frameworks are becoming more available for researchers and developers and allow rapid development of ICS. The article discusses the issues of interaction of applications with databases through a combination of several approaches used in the field of Big Data, substantiates combination of Internet of Things (IoT) methodology and microservice architecture. This combination will make it possible to single out business processes in the system and form streaming data processing requiring operational analysis by a human, which is shown by relevant examples.

Thus, the objective of the article is to formalise the principles of organising data exchange between CICS URTS and automated control systems (ACS) of railway companies (in our case, using the example of JSC Russian Railways), URTS services providers, and city government bodies, implement the developed approaches into the architecture of CICS URTS and formalise principles of organisation of microservice architecture of CICS URTS software. The main research methods are graph theory, Big Data and IoT methods.