bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dissecting the nature of subtle phenotypic variation in wing colour elements of Müllerian co-mimics
Authors: Cardoso Márcio Zikán , Lima Luciana Lopes Ferreira de
Published: April 2017

Polymorphism is common in nature, but few Heliconius species are polymorphic for wing colour patterns. Eastern Brazil H. erato phyllis populations are polymorphic for hindwing elements (red raylets) and studies suggest that trait distribution varies seasonally. We carried a 3-y sampling to evaluate the hypothesis that season, wing length and pollen foraging were associated with morph diversity. Individual phenotypes were scored with regards to number of red elements in the dry and in the wet seasons. Co-mimic H. melpomene nanna was also analysed. We scored 432 H. erato and 513 H. melpomene. Our results confirm polymorphism in H. erato, with individuals showing from one to eight elements, with a mode between five and six. We found that H. melpomene is polymorphic for red dots, varying from two to five (mode = 2). Red basal dots were mostly invariant in H. erato. Even though we found a seasonal change in pollen loads, we found no association between individual phenotypes and season, pollen load scores, or wing length. We reject the hypothesis of ecological correlates of morph frequency, and suggest that trait colour variation in the two species is linked to and constrained by effects on mate recognition.
CURCUMA PRASINA (ZINGIBERACEAE), A NEW SPECIES FROM THAILAND
Authors: Leong-Škorničková J. , Middleton D.J. , Triboun P. , Suddee S.
Published: April 2017

Curcuma prasina (Zingiberaceae), a stenoendemic species from Thailand, is described and illustrated here. It differs from other similar species in Curcuma subgenus Hitcheniopsis in Thailand in its inflorescences composed of fertile green bracts only (lacking any white coma bracts), purple staminodes, and purple labellum with a bright yellow centre extending from the base to about two-thirds of the labellum towards the apex.
TWO NEW TAXA OF ORNITHOBOEA (GESNERIACEAE) FROM THAILAND
Authors: Middleton D. J. , Puglisi C. , Suddee S.
Published: April 2017

The new species Ornithoboea grandiflora D.J. Middleton and new variety Ornithoboea maxwellii var. minutiflora D.J. Middleton are described.
Genetic diversity, population structure and association analysis in coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) germplasm using SSR markers
Authors: Geethanjali S. , Anitha Rukmani J. , Rajakumar D. , Kadirvel P. , Viswanathan P.L.
Published: April 2017

A world-wide coconut germplasm collection (79 genotypes) was analyzed for genetic diversity and population structure based on 48 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci. The genotypes displayed moderately high amount of genetic diversity, which was strongly structured according to geographical origins. Number of SSR alleles ranged from 2 to 7 with an average of 4.1 per locus. Gene diversity (expected heterozygosity) estimates ranged from 0.162 to 0.811 with a mean of 0.573. Polymorphism information content values ranged from 0.149 to 0.785 with an average of 0.522. Hierarchical clustering analysis grouped the genotypes into two major clusters with two sub-groups in each, which corresponded with the geographic origins. The first cluster comprised of ‘Tall’ genotypes originated from Indo-Atlantic and South Asia regions. The second cluster comprised mostly of ‘Dwarf’ genotypes and some Tall genotypes which originated from Indo-Pacific and South-East Asia regions. Model-based clustering by STRUCTURE analysis also supported the presence of clear genetic structuring in the collection with two major populations (K = 2) and four sub-populations (K = 4). The proportion of SSR locus-pairs in linkage disequilibrium was low (2.4%). Association analysis in a subset of 44 genotypes detected a single SSR locus, CnCir73 (chromosome 1) putatively associated with fruit yield component traits, which corresponded with a previously mapped quantitative trait locus in coconut.
Psychometric Analyses of New Measures of False-Self	Defense
Authors: Eichengreen Adva , Hoofien Dan
Published: April 2017

Abstract. The concept of the false-self defense has been widely used in psychoanalytic and psychodynamic literature, both in understanding processes of childhood development and in outlining personality defense mechanisms. This study presents a translation of this theoretical and clinical concept into empirical economical self-report scales assessing Self-Relatedness (16 items) and Environment-Directedness (14 items). The scales’ content judgment and psychometric analyses were carried out in three successive studies based on separate samples ( N = 226, 208, 176). The scales demonstrate good to excellent internal reliability and are normally distributed in a sample of university students. Results of Study 2 support the scales’ convergent, discriminant, and criterion construct validity. Study 3, comparing deaf and hard-of-hearing (d/hoh) students with controls, provides a partial support for the scales’ criterion group validity. The findings demonstrate the scales’ potential contribution to psychodynamically oriented research, as well as to research enriched by critical sociocultural perspectives.
Cryo-EM structures of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV spike glycoproteins reveal the dynamic receptor binding domains
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Cao Duanfang , Zhang Yanfang , Ma Jun , Qi Jianxun , Wang Qihui , Lu Guangwen , Wu Ying , Yan Jinghua , Shi Yi , Zhang Xinzheng , Gao George F.
Published: April 2017

The envelope spike (S) proteins of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV determine the virus host tropism and entry into host cells, and constitute a promising target for the development of prophylactics and therapeutics. Here, we present high-resolution structures of the trimeric MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV S proteins in its pre-fusion conformation by single particle cryo-electron microscopy. The overall structures resemble that from other coronaviruses including HKU1, MHV and NL63 reported recently, with the exception of the receptor binding domain (RBD). We captured two states of the RBD with receptor binding region either buried (lying state) or exposed (standing state), demonstrating an inherently flexible RBD readily recognized by the receptor. Further sequence conservation analysis of six human-infecting coronaviruses revealed that the fusion peptide, HR1 region and the central helix are potential targets for eliciting broadly neutralizing antibodies.
Interleukin-18 mediates cardiac dysfunction induced by western diet independent of obesity and hyperglycemia in the mouse
Authors: Carbone S , Lee P J H , Mauro A G , Mezzaroma E , Buzzetti R , Van Tassell B , Abbate A , Toldo S
Published: April 2017

Obesity and diabetes are independent risk factors for heart failure and are associated with the consumption of diet rich in saturated fat and sugar, Western diet (WD), known to induce cardiac dysfunction in the mouse through incompletely characterized inflammatory mechanisms. We hypothesized that the detrimental cardiac effects of WD are mediated by interleukin-18 (IL-18), pro-inflammatory cytokine linked to cardiac dysfunction. C57BL/6J wild-type male mice and IL-18 knockout male mice were fed high-saturated fat and high-sugar diet for 8 weeks. We measured food intake, body weight and fasting glycemia. We assessed left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function by Doppler echocardiography and cardiac catheterization. In wild-type mice, WD induced a significant increase in isovolumetric relaxation time, myocardial performance index and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, reflecting an impairment in diastolic function, paired with a mild reduction in LV ejection fraction. IL-18 KO mice had higher food intake and greater increase in body weight without significant differences in hyperglycemia. Despite displaying greater obesity, IL-18 knockout mice fed with WD for 8 weeks had preserved cardiac diastolic function and higher left ventricular ejection fraction. IL-18 mediates diet-induced cardiac dysfunction, independent of food intake and obesity, thus highlighting a disconnect between the metabolic and cardiac effects of IL-18.
Differential sympathetic outflow to adipose depots is required for visceral fat loss in response to calorie restriction
Authors: Sipe L M , Yang C , Ephrem J , Garren E , Hirsh J , Deppmann C D
Published: April 2017

The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) regulates energy homeostasis in part by governing fatty acid liberation from adipose tissue. We first examined whether SNS activity toward discrete adipose depots changes in response to a weight loss diet in mice. We found that SNS activity toward each adipose depot is unique in timing, pattern of activation, and habituation with the most dramatic contrast between visceral and subcutaneous adipose depots. Sympathetic drive toward visceral epididymal adipose is more than doubled early in weight loss and then suppressed later in the diet when weight loss plateaued. Coincident with the decline in SNS activity toward visceral adipose is an increase in activity toward subcutaneous depots indicating a switch in lipolytic sources. In response to calorie restriction, SNS activity toward retroperitoneal and brown adipose depots is unaffected. Finally, pharmacological blockage of sympathetic activity on adipose tissue using the β3-adrenergic receptor antagonist, SR59230a, suppressed loss of visceral adipose mass in response to diet. These findings indicate that SNS activity toward discrete adipose depots is dynamic and potentially hierarchical. This pattern of sympathetic activation is required for energy liberation and loss of adipose tissue in response to calorie-restricted diet.
Erratum: A natural food sweetener with anti-pancreatic cancer properties
Authors: Liu C , Dai L-H , Dou D-Q , Ma L-Q , Sun Y-X
Published: April 2017

Correction to: Oncogenesis (2016) 5, e217; doi:10.1038/oncsis.2016.28; published online 11 April 2016 Since the publication of the above article, the authors have realized that Figure 4b was incorrect. The corrected figure is shown below. The following corrections are also required in the Results section on page 3, line 3 from the bottom:
Surface-dependent scenarios for dissolution-driven motion of growing droplets
Authors: Curiotto Stefano , Leroy Frédéric , Cheynis Fabien , Müller Pierre
Published: April 2017

Nano-droplets on a foreign substrate have received increasing attention because of their technological possible applications, for instance to catalyse the growth of nanowires. In some cases the droplets can move as a result of a reaction with the substrate. In this work we show that the substrate orientation, the surface morphology and the shape of the pits etched in the substrate by the droplets affect the droplet motion, so that a single mechanism (droplet-induced substrate dissolution) may lead to several unexpected droplet dynamics. The experiments are carried out by low energy electron microscopy on Au-Si and Au-Ge, which are model systems for studying liquid droplet alloys. Studying in-situ the behaviour of Au droplets on various Si and Ge surfaces, we describe a subtle interplay between the substrate orientation, the surface defects, and the droplet motion. Our observations allow a deep understanding of the interfacial mechanisms at the origin of the alloy formation and the associated droplet motion. These mechanisms are based on events of substrate dissolution/recrystallization. The outcomes of this work highlight the importance of the etching anisotropy on the droplet-substrate behaviours, and are essential in the perspective of positioning liquid alloy droplets used for instance as nanowire catalysts.
Interactive Outlining of Pancreatic Cancer Liver Metastases in Ultrasound Images
Authors: Egger Jan , Schmalstieg Dieter , Chen Xiaojun , Zoller Wolfram G. , Hann Alexander
Published: April 2017

Ultrasound (US) is the most commonly used liver imaging modality worldwide. Due to its low cost, it is increasingly used in the follow-up of cancer patients with metastases localized in the liver. In this contribution, we present the results of an interactive segmentation approach for liver metastases in US acquisitions. A (semi-) automatic segmentation is still very challenging because of the low image quality and the low contrast between the metastasis and the surrounding liver tissue. Thus, the state of the art in clinical practice is still manual measurement and outlining of the metastases in the US images. We tackle the problem by providing an interactive segmentation approach providing real-time feedback of the segmentation results. The approach has been evaluated with typical US acquisitions from the clinical routine, and the datasets consisted of pancreatic cancer metastases. Even for difficult cases, satisfying segmentations results could be achieved because of the interactive real-time behavior of the approach. In total, 40 clinical images have been evaluated with our method by comparing the results against manual ground truth segmentations. This evaluation yielded to an average Dice Score of 85% and an average Hausdorff Distance of 13 pixels.
Hairy/enhancer of Split Homologue-1 Suppresses Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-induced Angiogenesis via Downregulation of Osteopontin Expression
Authors: Yao Xing-Xing , Lu Jing-Bo , Ye Zhi-Dong , Zheng Lei , Wang Qian , Lin Zhi-Qi , Liu Hao , Wan Heng , Fu Fang-Yong , Huang Xian-Ying , Xiu Jian-Chen , Liu Zheng-Jun , Hu Yan-Wei
Published: April 2017

Angiogenesis plays a critical role in the progression and vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques; however, the orchestration of angiogenesis in atherosclerotic plaque formation remains unclear. The results of microarray analysis, real-time PCR and immunohistochemical analyses showed that Hairy/enhancer of split homologue-1 (Hes-1) expression was significantly decreased, while that of osteopontin (OPN) was increased, in atherosclerotic plaques. Meanwhile, immunofluorescence results demonstrated that both Hes-1 and OPN were expressed in endothelial cells (ECs) of neovessels in atherosclerotic plaques. The results of an in vitro study showed that Hes-1 was downregulated, while OPN was upregulated, in a time- and dose-dependent manner in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by VEGF treatment. In addition, Hes-1 knockdown was found to have transcriptional promotion effect on OPN expression in HUVECs and enhance OPN-induced angiogenesis in response to VEGF. On the contrary, Hes-1 overexpression inhibited OPN expression in HUVECs and reduced angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. The results of this study suggest that decreased Hes-1 expression in atherosclerotic plaques exaggerate VEGF-induced angiogenesis by upregulating OPN. Therefore, restoring Hes-1 expression and inhibiting OPN expression may be a promising strategy to prevent vulnerable plaque formation in patients with atherosclerosis.
A self-powered high-performance graphene/silicon ultraviolet photodetector with ultra-shallow junction: breaking the limit of silicon?
Authors: Wan Xia , Xu Yang , Guo Hongwei , Shehzad Khurram , Ali Ayaz , Liu Yuan , Yang Jianyi , Dai Daoxin , Lin Cheng-Te , Liu Liwei , Cheng Hung-Chieh , Wang Fengqiu , Wang Xiaomu , Lu Hai , Hu Weida , Pi Xiaodong , Dan Yaping , Luo Jikui , Hasan Tawfique , Duan Xiangfeng , Li Xinming , Xu Jianbin , Yang Deren , Ren Tianling , Yu Bin
Published: April 2017

We present a self-powered, high-performance graphene-enhanced ultraviolet silicon Schottky photodetector. Different from traditional transparent electrodes, such as indium tin oxides or ultra-thin metals, the unique ultraviolet absorption property of graphene leads to long carrier life time of hot electrons that can contribute to the photocurrent or potential carrier-multiplication. Our proposed structure boosts the internal quantum efficiency over 100%, approaching the upper-limit of silicon-based ultraviolet photodetector. In the near-ultraviolet and mid-ultraviolet spectral region, the proposed ultraviolet photodetector exhibits high performance at zero-biasing (self-powered) mode, including high photo-responsivity (0.2 A W−1), fast time response (5 ns), high specific detectivity (1.6 × 1013 Jones), and internal quantum efficiency greater than 100%. Further, the photo-responsivity is larger than 0.14 A W−1 in wavelength range from 200 to 400 nm, comparable to that of state-of-the-art Si, GaN, SiC Schottky photodetectors. The photodetectors exhibit stable operations in the ambient condition even 2 years after fabrication, showing great potential in practical applications, such as wearable devices, communication, and “dissipation-less” remote sensor networks.
Correction: Corrigendum: Antibiotic treatment at delivery shapes the initial oral microbiome in neonates
Authors: Gomez-Arango Luisa F. , Barrett Helen L. , McIntyre H. David. , Callaway Leonie K. , Morrison Mark , Dekker Nitert Marloes
Published: April 2017

Scientific Reports 7: Article number: 43481 published online: 27 February 2017; updated: 10 April 2017. In the Supplementary Information file originally published with this Article, Supplementary Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 were incorrectly labelled as Supplementary Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 respectively.
Long-term consumption of sugar-sweetened beverage during the growth period promotes social aggression in adult mice with proinflammatory responses in the brain
Authors: Choi Jung-Yun , Park Mi-Na , Kim Chong-Su , Lee Young-Kwan , Choi Eun Young , Chun Woo Young , Shin Dong-Mi
Published: April 2017

Overconsumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is known to be a key contributor to the obesity epidemic; however, its effects on behavioral changes are yet to be fully studied. In the present study, we examined the long-term effects of SSB on social aggression in mice. Three-week-old weaned mice started to drink either a 30 w/v% sucrose solution (S30), plain water (CT), or an aspartame solution with sweetness equivalent to the sucrose solution (A30) and continued to drink until they were 11-week-old adults. Aggressive behaviors were assessed by the resident-intruder test. We found that SSB significantly promoted social aggression, accompanied by heightened serum corticosterone and reduced body weight. To understand the underlying mechanism, we performed transcriptome analyses of brain. The profiles of mice on S30 were dramatically different from those on CT or A30. Transcriptional networks related to immunological function were significantly dysregulated by SSB. FACS analysis of mice on S30 revealed increased numbers of inflammatory cells in peripheral blood. Interestingly, the artificial sweetener failed to mimic the effects of sugar on social aggression and inflammatory responses. These results demonstrate that SSB promotes aggressive behaviors and provide evidence that sugar reduction strategies may be useful in efforts to prevent social aggression.
Ethnicity and anticoagulation management of hospitalized patients with atrial fibrillation in northwest China
Authors: Cheng Xinchun , Zhou Xianhui , Song Shifei , Wu Min , Baolatejiang Roza , Lu Yanmei , Li Yaodong , Zhang Wenhui , Lv Wenkui , Ye Yuanzheng , Zhou Qina , wang Hongli , Zhang Jianghua , Xing Qiang , Tang Baopeng
Published: April 2017

The therapeutic management and health challenges caused by atrial fibrillation (AF) differ between different groups. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical features of patients hospitalized with AF and to explore the use of anticoagulation treatments in Han and Uygur patients in Xinjiang, northwest China. Data were collected from a retrospective descriptive study involving patients hospitalized at 13 hospitals in Xinjiang, China from Jul 1, 2014 to Jun 31, 2015. Anticoagulation management was measured according to guideline-recommended risk scores. A total of 4,181 patients with AF were included (mean age 69.5 ± 11.7 years, 41.4% females; 71.5% Han, 28.5% Uygur). The prevalence of AF in Uygur individuals may occur earlier than in Han individuals (mean age 64.9 vs 71.3, P < 0.001). Most of the hospitalized patients with AF had a high risk of stroke (CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥2; 80.6% Han vs 73.7% Uygur, P < 0.05); this risk was especially high in elderly patients. In AF patients, the application of anticoagulants according to the guidelines is far from expected, and the underutilization of anticoagulants exists in both ethnic groups.
Novel Wavelet Real Time Analysis of Neurovascular Coupling in Neonatal Encephalopathy
Authors: Chalak Lina F. , Tian Fenghua , Adams-Huet Beverley , Vasil Diana , Laptook Abbot , Tarumi Takashi , Zhang Rong
Published: April 2017

Birth asphyxia constitutes a major global public health burden for millions of infants, despite hypothermia therapy. There is a critical need for real time surrogate markers of therapeutic success, to aid in patient selection and/or modification of interventions in neonatal encephalopathy (NE). This is a proof of concept study aiming to quantify neurovascular coupling (NVC) using wavelet analysis of the dynamic coherence between amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) and near-infrared spectroscopy in NE. NVC coupling is assessed by a wavelet metric estimation of percent time of coherence between NIRS SctO2 and aEEG for 78 hours after birth. An abnormal outcome was predefined by a Bayley III score <85 by 18–24 m. We observed high coherence, intact NVC, between the oscillations of SctO2 and aEEG in the frequency range of 0.00025–0.001 Hz in the non-encephalopathic newborns. NVC coherence was significantly decreased in encephalopathic newborns who were cooled vs. non-encephalopathic controls (median IQR 3[2–9] vs.36 [33–39]; p < 0.01), and was significantly lower in those with abnormal 24 months outcomes relative to those with normal outcomes (median IQR 2[1–3] vs 28[19–26], p = 0.04). Wavelet coherence analysis of neurovascular coupling in NE may identify infants at risk for abnormal outcomes.
Tranilast-induced stress alleviation in solid tumors improves the efficacy of chemo- and nanotherapeutics in a size-independent manner
Authors: Papageorgis Panagiotis , Polydorou Christiana , Mpekris Fotios , Voutouri Chrysovalantis , Agathokleous Eliana , Kapnissi-Christodoulou Constantina P. , Stylianopoulos Triantafyllos
Published: April 2017

Accumulation of mechanical stresses during cancer progression can induce blood and lymphatic vessel compression, creating hypo-perfusion, hypoxia and interstitial hypertension which decrease the efficacy of chemo- and nanotherapies. Stress alleviation treatment has been recently proposed to reduce mechanical stresses in order to decompress tumor vessels and improve perfusion and chemotherapy. However, it remains unclear if it improves the efficacy of nanomedicines, which present numerous advantages over traditional chemotherapeutic drugs. Furthermore, we need to identify safe and well-tolerated pharmaceutical agents that reduce stress levels and may be added to cancer patients’ treatment regimen. Here, we show mathematically and with a series of in vivo experiments that stress alleviation improves the delivery of drugs in a size-independent manner. Importantly, we propose the repurposing of tranilast, a clinically approved anti-fibrotic drug as stress-alleviating agent. Using two orthotopic mammary tumor models, we demonstrate that tranilast reduces mechanical stresses, decreases interstitial fluid pressure (IFP), improves tumor perfusion and significantly enhances the efficacy of different-sized drugs, doxorubicin, Abraxane and Doxil, by suppressing TGFβ signaling and expression of extracellular matrix components. Our findings strongly suggest that repurposing tranilast could be directly used as a promising strategy to enhance, not only chemotherapy, but also the efficacy of cancer nanomedicine.
A new strategy to measure intercellular adhesion forces in mature cell-cell contacts
Authors: Sancho Ana , Vandersmissen Ine , Craps Sander , Luttun Aernout , Groll Jürgen
Published: April 2017

Intercellular adhesion plays a major role in tissue development and homeostasis. Yet, technologies to measure mature cell-cell contacts are not available. We introduce a methodology based on fluidic probe force microscopy to assess cell-cell adhesion forces after formation of mature intercellular contacts in cell monolayers. With this method we quantify that L929 fibroblasts exhibit negligible cell-cell adhesion in monolayers whereas human endothelial cells from the umbilical artery (HUAECs) exert strong intercellular adhesion forces per cell. We use a new in vitro model based on the overexpression of Muscle Segment Homeobox 1 (MSX1) to induce Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EndMT), a process involved in cardiovascular development and disease. We reveal how intercellular adhesion forces in monolayer decrease significantly at an early stage of EndMT and we show that cells undergo stiffening and flattening at this stage. This new biomechanical insight complements and expands the established standard biomolecular analyses. Our study thus introduces a novel tool for the assessment of mature intercellular adhesion forces in a physiological setting that will be of relevance to biological processes in developmental biology, tissue regeneration and diseases like cancer and fibrosis.
An Elegant Analysis of White Spot Syndrome Virus Using a Graphene Oxide/Methylene Blue based Electrochemical Immunosensor Platform
Authors: Natarajan Anusha , Devi K. S. Shalini , Raja Sudhakaran , Senthil Kumar Annamalai
Published: April 2017

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a major devastating virus in aquaculture industry. A sensitive and selective diagnostic method for WSSV is a pressing need for the early detection and protection of the aquaculture farms. Herein, we first report, a simple electrochemical immunosensor based on methylene blue dye (MB) immobilized graphene oxide modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE/GO@MB) for selective, quick (35 ± 5 mins) and raw sample analysis of WSSV. The immunosensor was prepared by sequential modification of primary antibody, blocking agent (bovine serum album), antigen (as vp28 protein), secondary antibody coupled with horseradish peroxidase (Ab2-HRP) on the GCE/GO@MB. The modified electrode showed a well-defined redox peak at an equilibrium potential (E1/2), −0.4 V vs Ag/AgCl and mediated H2O2reduction reaction without any false positive result and dissolved oxygen interferences in pH 7 phosphate buffer solution. Under an optimal condition, constructed calibration plot was linear in a range of 1.36 × 10−3to 1.36 × 107copies μL−1of vp28. It is about four orders higher sensitive than that of the values observed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot based WSSV detection techniques. Direct electrochemical immunosensing of WSSV in raw tissue samples were successfully demonstrated as a real sample system.
Prediction of the potential geographic distribution of the ectomycorrhizal mushroom Tricholoma matsutake under multiple climate change scenarios
Authors: Guo Yanlong , Li Xin , Zhao Zefang , Wei Haiyan , Gao Bei , Gu Wei
Published: April 2017

Effective conservation and utilization strategies for natural biological resources require a clear understanding of the geographic distribution of the target species. Tricholoma matsutake is an ectomycorrhizal (ECM) mushroom with high ecological and economic value. In this study, the potential geographic distribution of T. matsutake under current conditions in China was simulated using MaxEnt software based on species presence data and 24 environmental variables. The future distributions of T. matsutake in the 2050s and 2070s were also projected under the RCP 8.5, RCP 6, RCP 4.5 and RCP 2.6 climate change emission scenarios described in the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The areas of marginally suitable, suitable and highly suitable habitats for T. matsutake in China were approximately 0.22 × 106 km2, 0.14 × 106 km2, and 0.11 × 106 km2, respectively. The model simulations indicated that the area of marginally suitable habitats would undergo a relatively small change under all four climate change scenarios; however, suitable habitats would significantly decrease, and highly suitable habitat would nearly disappear. Our results will be influential in the future ecological conservation and management of T. matsutake and can be used as a reference for studies on other ectomycorrhizal mushroom species.
Current detection technologies for circulating tumor cells
Authors: Shen Zheyu , Wu Aiguo , Chen Xiaoyuan
Published: April 2017

CTC detection can be used for early cancer diagnosis, earlier evaluation of cancer recurrence and chemotherapeutic efficacy, and choice of individual sensitive anti-cancer drugs.
Flavored black ginseng exhibited antitumor activity via improving immune function and inducing apoptosis
Authors: Chen Guilin , Li Haijun , Gao Yugang , Zhang Lianxue , Zhao Yan
Published: April 2017

Flavored black ginseng rich in ginsenoside F2, Rg5 and protopanaxadiol exhibited antitumor activity via improving immune function and inducing apoptosis.
Titanium dioxide nanotube arrays with silane coupling agent modification for heavy metal reduction and persistent organic pollutant degradation
Authors: Yan Ming , Zeng Guangming , Li Xiaoming , Zhao Chenghao , Yang Guang , Gong Jilai , Chen Guiqiu , Tang Lin , Huang Danlian
Published: April 2017

TiO2 catalysts have gained extensive attention owing to their excellent catalytic ability, relatively stable physical and chemical properties and competitive price.
Aptamer based electrostatic-stimuli responsive surfaces for on-demand binding/unbinding of a specific ligand
Authors: Ma Xiao , Gosai Agnivo , Balasubramanian Ganesh , Shrotriya Pranav
Published: April 2017

We report an aptamer functionalized stimuli responsive surface that can controllably switch between binding and releasing its specific ligand α-thrombin under application of electrical stimuli.
All-inorganic quantum-dot light-emitting diodes based on perovskite emitters with low turn-on voltage and high humidity stability
Authors: Shan Qingsong , Li Jianhai , Song Jizhong , Zou Yousheng , Xu Leimeng , Xue Jie , Dong Yuhui , Huo Chengxue , Chen Jiawei , Han Boning , Zeng Haibo
Published: April 2017

We present the all-inorganic QLEDs, including inorganic perovskite emitters (CsPbBr3) and inorganic charge transport layers (CTLs), with emphasis on the significantly improved device stability and low turn-on voltage.
Toward artifact-free data in Hadamard transform-based double multiplexing of ion mobility-Orbitrap mass spectrometry
Authors: Tummalacherla Meghasyam , Garimella Sandilya V. B. , Prost Spencer A. , Ibrahim Yehia M.
Published: April 2017

Algorithm for artifact-free data deconvolution to enable high duty cycle ion mobility-Orbitrap MS.
Hybridization chain reactions on silica coated Qbeads for the colorimetric detection of multiplex microRNAs
Authors: Guo Qingsheng , Bian Feika , Liu Yuqian , Qu Xiaojun , Hu Xianyun , Sun Qingjiang
Published: April 2017

An array of Qbead@SiO2 integrated with target binding, hybridization chain reaction and staining achieved colorimetric detection of multiplex miRNAs.
Mapping the structural boundaries of quasiracemate fractional crystallization using 2-substituted diarylamides
Authors: Tinsley Ian C. , Spaniol Jacqueline M. , Wheeler Kraig A.
Published: April 2017

Video-assisted hot stage polarized light microscopy of 55 quasienantiomeric pairs, constructed from 22 chiral diarylamides that systematically differ in topology, reveals the structural boundaries of molecular shape to supramolecular assembly.
Regioselective copper-catalyzed direct arylation of benzodithiophene-S,S-tetraoxide
Authors: Khambhati D. P. , Sachinthani K. A. N. , Rheingold A. L. , Nelson T. L.
Published: April 2017

An efficient copper-catalyzed direct arylation reaction for the regioselective functionalization of benzodithiophene-S,S-tetraoxide has been developed.
A novel fabrication approach for three-dimensional hierarchical porous metal oxide/carbon nanocomposites for enhanced solar photocatalytic performance
Authors: Liu Huan , Liu Xuan , Mu Shanli , Wang Shuang , Wang Shulan , Li Li , Giannelis Emmanuel P.
Published: April 2017

A novel approach for the fabrication of metal oxide/C composites with a hierarchical porous structure is proposed.
A disease model of diabetic nephropathy in a glomerulus-on-a-chip microdevice
Authors: Wang Li , Tao Tingting , Su Wentao , Yu Hao , Yu Yue , Qin Jianhua
Published: April 2017

A biomimetic glomerulus-on-a-chip microdevice was created to recapitulate a disease model of diabetic nephropathy.
Non-conjugated fluorescent molecular cages of salicylaldehyde-based tri-Schiff bases: AIE, enantiomers, mechanochromism, anion hosts/probes, and cell imaging properties
Authors: Zhang Xiaohong , Shi Jun , Shen Guangyu , Gou Fei , Cheng Jinghui , Zhou Xiangge , Xiang Haifeng
Published: April 2017

Non-conjugated fluorescent molecular cages of salicylaldehyde-based tri-Schiff bases with a trimethylamine bridge have a small π-conjugated system but exhibit strong aggregation- and anion-induced emission.
Preparation and structural-optical characterization of dip-coated nanostructured Co-doped ZnO dilute magnetic oxide thin films
Authors: Valério L. R. , Mamani N. C. , de Zevallos A. O. , Mesquita A. , Bernardi M. I. B. , Doriguetto A. C. , de Carvalho H. B.
Published: April 2017

We demonstrate the feasibility to prepare Co-doped ZnO thin films (Zn1−xCoxO, x = 0; 0.01; 0.03 and 0.05) via the dip-coating technique, a very simple and a low-cost process. We focus the structural and the optical analyses in the context of the DMOs.
Characterization of humic acids extracted from a lignite and interpretation for the mass spectra
Authors: Wang Chu-Fan , Fan Xing , Zhang Fan , Wang Shou-Ze , Zhao Yun-Peng , Zhao Xiao-Yan , Zhao Wei , Zhu Teng-Gao , Lu Jin-Li , Wei Xian-Yong
Published: April 2017

Humic acids obtained from a Chinese lignite via alkali treatment were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Orbitrap mass spectrometry coupled with an electrospray ion source (ESI-Orbitrap-MS).
Theoretical study of the substitutional solute effect on the interstitial carbon in nickel-based alloy
Authors: Zhang Xun , Ren Cui-Lan , Han Han , Ye Xiang-Xi , Kuo Eugenia , Wang Cheng-Bin , Zhang Wei , Jiang Li , Lumpkin Gregory , Huai Ping , Zhu Zhi-Yuan
Published: April 2017

The carbon binding in nickel-based alloy with 3d, 4d and 5d transition metal solutes are investigated by using first-principles methods.
Fabrication of monodisperse nitrogen-doped carbon double-shell hollow nanoparticles for supercapacitors
Authors: Yun Juyoung , Jun Jaemoon , Lee Jungsup , Ryu Jaehoon , Lee Kisu , Yu Haejun , Jang Jyongsik
Published: April 2017

A supercapacitor based on nitrogen-doped carbon double shell hollow nanoparticles as the electrode material exhibited a high specific capacitance of 202 F g−1at a current density of 0.5 A g−1due to high surface area and nitrogen-doping.
Correction: Engineering the microstructure of milk fat by blending binary and ternary mixtures of its fractions
Authors: Ramel Pere R. , Marangoni Alejandro G.
Published: April 2017

Correction for ‘Engineering the microstructure of milk fat by blending binary and ternary mixtures of its fractions’ by Pere R. Ramel et al., RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 41189–41194.
Copper-substituted Na0.67Ni0.3−xCuxMn0.7O2 cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries with suppressed P2–O2 phase transition
Authors: Wang Lei , Sun Yong-Gang , Hu Lin-Lin , Piao Jun-Yu , Guo Jing , Manthiram Arumugam , Ma Jianmin , Cao An-Min
Published: April 2017

In situ XRD resolves the structural evolution of the Na–Cu/Ni/Mn–O system during the Na intercalation/deintercalation processes. The introduction of Cu2+ into the transition metal lattice is an strategy to prevent P2–O2 phase transitions.
One-pot synthesis of highly activated carbons from melamine and terephthalaldehyde as electrodes for high energy aqueous supercapacitors
Authors: Díez Noel , Mysyk Roman , Zhang Wei , Goikolea Eider , Carriazo Daniel
Published: April 2017

One-pot synthesized superactivated carbons are used as electrodes for supercapacitors showing high gravimetric energy density in different aqueous electrolytes.
Enhancing performance of sandwich-like cobalt sulfide and carbon for quasi-solid-state hybrid electrochemical capacitors
Authors: Wang Yanfang , Chen Bingwei , Chang Zheng , Wang Xiaowei , Wang Faxing , Zhang Lixin , Zhu Yusong , Fu Lijun , Wu Yuping
Published: April 2017

A hybrid electrochemical capacitor can sustain 100% initial capacitance after 2000 cycles in an alkaline electrolyte. In the case of a quasi-solid-state cell, it can deliver an energy density of 30 W h kg−1at a specific power of 1742 W kg−1.
Ni–Pd core–shell nanoparticles with Pt-like oxygen reduction electrocatalytic performance in both acidic and alkaline electrolytes
Authors: Jiang Jun , Gao Han , Lu Shu , Zhang Xing , Wang Chu-Ya , Wang Wei-Kang , Yu Han-Qing
Published: April 2017

The prepared monodisperse Ni@Pd3 core–shell nanoparticles with a Pd-enriched surface exhibited a Pt-like ORR electrocatalytic activity and long durability under both acidic and alkaline conditions.
Tailoring multifunctional graphene-based thin films: from nanocatalysts to SERS substrates
Authors: Fonsaca Jéssica E. S. , Hostert Leandro , Orth Elisa S. , Zarbin Aldo J. G.
Published: April 2017

Synthesis of functionalized graphene-based thin films through the interfacial route, their nanocomposites with Ag-NPs, and their multiple applications.
Nickel sulfide nanospheres anchored on reduced graphene oxide in situ doped with sulfur as a high performance anode for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Tao Hongwei , Zhou Min , Wang Kangli , Cheng Shijie , Jiang Kai
Published: April 2017

Benefiting from the unique structure of ultrafine NiSx nanospheres uniformly wrapped in the in situ S-doped rGO matrix, the NiSx–rGOS electrode delivers a high reversible capacity of 516 mA h g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 and a remarkable rate performance of 414 mA h g−1 at 4 A g−1, offering a low cost and high performance anode material for Na-ion batteries.
Robust porous organic polymers as efficient heterogeneous organo-photocatalysts for aerobic oxidation reactions
Authors: Zhi Yongfeng , Li Kun , Xia Hong , Xue Ming , Mu Ying , Liu Xiaoming
Published: April 2017

A novel nanoporous organic polymer (CF-HCP), which exhibits excellent heterogeneous catalytic performances for a wide range of organic reactions under visible-light irradiation, is reported.
In situ formation of a 3D core/shell structured Ni3N@Ni–Bi nanosheet array: an efficient non-noble-metal bifunctional electrocatalyst toward full water splitting under near-neutral conditions
Authors: Xie Lisi , Qu Fengli , Liu Zhiang , Ren Xiang , Hao Shuai , Ge Ruixiang , Du Gu , Asiri Abdullah M. , Sun Xuping , Chen Liang
Published: April 2017

An in situ electrochemically developed core/shell structured Ni3N@Ni–Bi nanosheet array behaves as an efficient bifunctional catalyst for overall water splitting.
Multiscale simulations reveal IRMOF-74-III as a potent drug carrier for gemcitabine delivery
Authors: Kotzabasaki Marianna , Galdadas Ioannis , Tylianakis Emmanuel , Klontzas Emmanuel , Cournia Zoe , Froudakis George E.
Published: April 2017

Kotzabasaki et al. use a multiscale computational approach to investigate the microscopic behaviour of gemcitabine stored in (OH)-IRMOF-74-III. The principles can be exploited for nano-carrier screening purposes prior to experimental investigation.
Nanodiamond mediated co-delivery of doxorubicin and malaridine to maximize synergistic anti-tumor effects on multi-drug resistant MCF-7/ADR cells
Authors: Zhu Hao , Wang Yun , Hussain Abid , Zhang Zhipeng , Shen Yuanyuan , Guo Shengrong
Published: April 2017

Novel nanodiamond based nanoparticle co-loading of doxorubicin and malaridine with pH-responsive co-release properties was developed for maximizing synergistic anti-tumor effects on multi-drug resistant MCF-7/ADR cells.
Albumin-mediated platinum nanocrystals for in vivo enhanced computed tomography imaging
Authors: Wang Zhiming , Chen Lina , Huang Chusen , Huang Yuankui , Jia Nengqin
Published: April 2017

Albumin-mediated ultrasmall platinum nanocrystals were fabricated for both in vitro and in vivo enhanced computed tomography imaging.
Prologue: Reading Comprehension Is Not a Single Ability
Authors: Catts Hugh W. , Kamhi Alan G.
Published: April 2017

Purpose

In this initial article of the clinical forum on reading comprehension, we argue that reading comprehension is not a single ability that can be assessed by one or more general reading measures or taught by a small set of strategies or approaches.

Method

We present evidence for a multidimensional view of reading comprehension that demonstrates how it varies as a function of reader ability, text, and task. The implications of this view for instruction of reading comprehension are considered.

Conclusion

Reading comprehension is best conceptualized with a multidimensional model. The multidimensionality of reading comprehension means that instruction will be more effective when tailored to student performance with specific texts and tasks.
Introduction to the Clinical Forum: Reading Comprehension Is Not a Single Ability
Authors: Gray Shelley
Published: April 2017

Purpose

In this introduction to the clinical forum on reading comprehension, the Editor-in-Chief of
Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools
provides data on our national reading comprehension problem, resources for increasing our understanding of reading comprehension, and a call to action for speech-language pathologists to work with educational teams to address poor reading comprehension in school-age children.
Interleukin‐1 and interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist in inflammatory bowel disease.
Authors: Cominelli F , Pizarro TT
Published: April 2017

Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are immunologically mediated disorders characterized by a chronic, relapsing inflammatory response. Elevation of several cytokines, with important immunoregulatory and proinflammatory activities have been demonstrated during active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). These cytokines, including interleukin‐1 (IL‐1), IL‐6, IL‐8 and GM‐CSF, may play an important role in the initiation and amplification of the inflammatory response leading to intestinal injury. There is increasing evidence that IL‐1 is activated early in the cascade of events leading to inflammation. Therefore, IL‐1 has been implicated as a primary target for therapeutic intervention for the treatment of several inflammatory diseases, including IBD. In addition, a mucosal imbalance of intestinal IL‐1 and IL‐1ra is present in patients with IBD, suggesting that insufficient production of endogenous IL‐1ra may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic gut inflammation. Preliminary studies examining the association between newly described polymorphisms in the IL‐1 gene cluster and IBD have provided new insight into the genetic predisposition to UC. This article will review current progress in understanding the role of Il‐1 and Il‐1ra in IBD, as well as discuss recently described polymorphisms in the Il‐1 gene cluster and their association with UC and CD.
Antibiotics Prescriptions in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: How to Overcome Everyday Challenges
Authors: Mozzo E. , Mardegan V. , Trafojer U. , Lago P. , Salvadori S. , Baraldi E. , Giaquinto C. , Donà D.
Published: April 2017

Antimicrobial prescriptions in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) represent a point of concern for the emergence of MDROs and for morbidity associated with prolonged antibiotic exposure (e.g., invasive candidiasis, necrotizing enterocolitis, and late-onset sepsis). Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) have shown to be a valuable tool for the prevention of resistance with the goals of optimizing clinical outcomes while decreasing unnecessary prescribing. The most frequent ASP strategies include the correct collection and interpretation of microbiological specimens, prescription of the narrowest-spectrum antibiotic appropriate for a particular case, and de-escalation or discontinuation of therapy in defined situations. A robust ASP requires everyday multidisciplinary collaboration between ID physicians, neonatologist, clinical pharmacists, clinical microbiologists, infection control professionals, hospital epidemiologists, and information services specialists. Education and clinical pathways (e.g., sepsis or surgical prophylaxis pathways) are an excellent starting point if followed by proactive interventions such as prospective audits and feedback and formulary restriction with prior antimicrobial authorization. The current review outlines the problems faced in NICU antimicrobial prescribing and presents various solutions from the literature.
Note: Coaxial apparatus to measure the permittivities of chemical solutions at microwave frequencies
Authors: Chen Qian , Huang Kama , Zeng Xiaoyong , Liu Changjun
Published: April 2017

Traditional permittivity measurements in microwave chemistry have some limitations on bandwidth and probe erosion. To resolve these problems, in this note, an apparatus that realizes a real-time wide-band non-contact measurement is proposed. Scattering parameters are obtained from measurements made using the proposed coaxial apparatus. These parameters are used to reconstruct the permittivities of several solutions using artificial neural networks. The maximum deviations in measured permittivity at 2.45 and 5.8 GHz are within 5% of results from the literature, showing the obvious advantages of coaxial apparatus with artificial neural network reconstruction over conventional apparatus.
Optical absorbances of Gd3Ga5O12 single crystals under shock compression to 211 GPa
Authors: Liu Q. C. , Zhou X. M. , Luo S. N.
Published: April 2017

Shock-induced opacity in Gd3Ga5O12 (GGG) single crystals is investigated by transmission/emission measurements at 16 wavelengths (400–800 nm), as well as complementary particle velocity measurements at 1550 nm, in the pressure range of 47–211 GPa. Optical transmission spectra through the shocked samples are measured with a in-situ, shock-generated light source, and the resultant extinction coefficients of different wavelengths and shock pressures obtained. As shock strength increases, the optical opacity of the shocked GGG increases and peaks at 75 GPa (the transparent–opaque transition), drops at 75–100 GPa (the opaque–transparent transition), and then increases again. The transparency recovery coincides with a solid–solid phase transition. The microstructure changes associated with the solid–solid phase transition and plastic deformation most likely cause the loss and recovery of transparency. GGG can be useful as a high pressure window for laser velocimetry (1550 nm) or optical pyrometry (400–800 nm) in the ranges of 100–140 GPa and 80–120 GPa, respectively.
A thin and conformal metasurface for illusion acoustics of rapidly changing profiles
Authors: Dubois Marc , Shi Chengzhi , Wang Yuan , Zhang Xiang
Published: April 2017

Recently developed metasurfaces have been used for surface engineering applications. However, the ability to cloak or mimic reflective surfaces with a large in-plane phase gradient remains unexplored. One major challenge is that even with a small incidence angle, the strong acoustic impedance variation induced by the random height profile creates additional scattering and increases the complexity of the analysis and design of the metasurface. Here, we introduce an acoustic metasurface with 1/12 wavelength thickness to realize an acoustic carpet cloak for a randomly rapid-change surface and a virtual acoustic diffuser from a flat surface using a set of Helmholtz resonators. The limitation of the metasurface for large phase gradient application is explored based on a nonlocal model that considers the contributions from neighboring surface profiles. This study extends the integration of smart acoustic surface and may find applications of surface engineering such as in architectural acoustics.