bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Re-reading Shakespeare’s Richard III: Tragic Hero and Villain?
Authors: Keenan Siobhan
Published: June 2017

The discovery of the body of the historical Richard III under a Leicester car park in 2012 sparked fresh interest in one of England’s most controversial kings. Accused of murdering his nephews—the Princes in the Tower—Richard’s reign was cut short when he was defeated by Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond (later Henry VII), at the Battle of Bosworth (1485). Richard was subsequently demonised in Tudor historiography, perhaps most famously by Sir Thomas More in his “History of King Richard the thirde” (printed 1557). It is to More that we owe the popular image of Richard III as a “croke backed” and “malicious” villain (More 37), an image which Shakespeare has been accused of further codifying and popularising in his Richard III. Today, the historical Richard III’s defenders argue for the king’s good qualities and achievements and blame early writers such as More and Shakespeare for demonising Richard; but, in Shakespeare’s case at least, this essay argues that the possibility of a sympathetic—and even a heroic—reading of the king is built in to his characterisation of Richard III.
The Eye and Refractive Geography in Pericles
Authors: Matei-Chesnoiu Monica
Published: June 2017

The paper highlights the cultural constructedness of vision in the early modern period by drawing on heteroglossic representations of the eye in early English texts, ranging from anatomy and physiology treatises to philosophy, poetry, emblems, and geometrical perspective in astronomy and land surveying. The argument is based on the association of word and image in early modern representations of space, mirrored in Ortelius’s notion of geography as the eye of history, which shows the importance of the visual element in the system of acquisition and transmission of knowledge in the Renaissance. In the particular case ofPericles, the play unfolds over a vast international geography and creates powerful visual effects. The imaginative spatial conventions of the play can be assimilated to the system of geometrical projection on which maps depended. Locations are used according to a geometric triangulation system to refract the imaginative and spatial vision. As in emblems, the locations unfolding in the play give the action meaning in the process of involved spectatorship. Moreover, in the theatre, the lone monocular beholder of mathematical linear perspective is multiplied into a choric array of spectators.
Numerical Analysis of a Small-Size Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine Performance and Averaged Flow Parameters Around the Rotor
Authors: Rogowski Krzysztof , Maroński Ryszard , Piechna Janusz
Published: June 2017

Small-scale vertical-axis wind turbines can be used as a source of electricity in rural and urban environments. According to the authors’ knowledge, there are no validated simplified aerodynamic models of these wind turbines, therefore the use of more advanced techniques, such as for example the computational methods for fluid dynamics is justified. The paper contains performance analysis of the small-scale vertical-axis wind turbine with a large solidity. The averaged velocity field and the averaged static pressure distribution around the rotor have been also analyzed. All numerical results presented in this paper are obtained using the SST k-ω turbulence model. Computed power coeffcients are in good agreement with the experimental results. A small change in the tip speed ratio significantly affects the velocity field. Obtained velocity fields can be further used as a base for simplified aerodynamic methods.
New Discrete Fibonacci Charge Pump Design, Evaluation and Measurement
Authors: Matoušek David , Hospodka Jiří , Šubrt Ondřej
Published: June 2017

This paper focuses on the practical aspects of the realisation of Dickson and Fibonacci charge pumps. Standard Dickson charge pump circuit solution and new Fibonacci charge pump implementation are compared. Both charge pumps were designed and then evaluated by LTspice XVII simulations and realised in a discrete form on printed circuit board (PCB). Finally, the key parameters as the output voltage, efficiency, rise time, variable power supply and clock frequency effects were measured.
The Application of Vibration Accelerations in the Assessment of Average Friction Coefficient of a Railway Brake Disc
Authors: Sawczuk Wojciech
Published: June 2017

Due to their wide range of friction characteristics resulting from the application of different friction materials and good heat dissipation conditions, railway disc brakes have long replaced block brakes in many rail vehicles. A block brake still remains in use, however, in low speed cargo trains. The paper presents the assessment of the braking process through the analysis of vibrations generated by the components of the brake system during braking. It presents a possibility of a wider application of vibroacoustic diagnostics (VA), which aside from the assessment of technical conditions (wear of brake pads) also enables the determination of the changes of the average friction coefficient as a function of the braking onset speed. Vibration signals of XYZ were measured and analyzed. The analysis of the results has shown that there is a relation between the values of the point measures and the wear of the brake pads.
Magnetic Resonance Super-resolution Imaging Measurement with Dictionary-optimized Sparse Learning
Authors: Li Jun-Bao , Liu Jing , Pan Jeng-Shyang , Yao Hongxun
Published: June 2017

Magnetic Resonance Super-resolution Imaging Measurement (MRIM) is an effective way of measuring materials. MRIM has wide applications in physics, chemistry, biology, geology, medical and material science, especially in medical diagnosis. It is feasible to improve the resolution of MR imaging through increasing radiation intensity, but the high radiation intensity and the longtime of magnetic field harm the human body. Thus, in the practical applications the resolution of hardware imaging reaches the limitation of resolution. Software-based super-resolution technology is effective to improve the resolution of image. This work proposes a framework of dictionary-optimized sparse learning based MR super-resolution method. The framework is to solve the problem of sample selection for dictionary learning of sparse reconstruction. The textural complexity-based image quality representation is proposed to choose the optimal samples for dictionary learning. Comprehensive experiments show that the dictionary-optimized sparse learning improves the performance of sparse representation.
A clean and simple method for deprotection of phosphines from borane complexes
Authors: Demchuk Oleg M. , Jasinski Radomir , Strzelecka Dorota , Dziuba Kamil , Kula Karolina , Chrzanowski Jacek , Krasowska Dorota
Published: June 2017

Simple, efficient, clean, and stereospecific protocols of protection of phosphorus atom with borane and deprotection from the borane complexes of the tertiary phosphines in mild conditions are reported. The proposed protection/deprotection reactions tolerate a range of functional groups and lead to pure products with excellent yield with no need for application of chromatographic or crystallisation purification procedures. For the first time mechanisms of the reactions of phosphine protection and deprotection have been studied based on experimental kinetic data as well as quantumchemical calculations, which allows designing reaction conditions suitable for a given substrate.
Considerations regarding the evolutions of atmospheric precipitations in the spring seasons in Iași area – Case Study: The meteorological event dated on 14 April 2016
Authors: Machidon Ovidiu-Miron , Bostan Diana-Corina
Published: June 2017

The study is a comparative analysis of the characteristics of atmospheric precipitations in spring seasons from the WMO reference periods (1961 - 1990, 1981 – 2010) compared with last 7 years (2010 – 2016). In 14 april 2016 a meteorological event was produced in the Iași area who have produced material damage, flooded streets and obstruction of traffic. In the spring seasons of the last 7 years (2010-2016) the atmospheric precipitation amounts were with 8% higher than during 1981 – 2010 and were apropiate on mean value of the 1961 – 1990. In the period of 1961 – 2016 were a continuous increase of the mean number of days with precipitation > 30 mm per day and the half of total number of days with more than 40 mm per day were recorded in the last 16 years. We consider that an increase of torrential character of precipitation in the spring season in Iași area.
The winter trends in air temperature and atmospheric precipitation in the Moldova Region (Romania)
Authors: Machidon Ovidiu-Miron
Published: June 2017

The study is a comparative analysis of the characteristics of air temperature and atmospheric precipitations in winter seasons from the WMO reference periods (1961 - 1990, 1981 – 2010) compared with last 7 years (2010 – 2016). There is a continuous increase of air temperature in winter, from −2,0°C between 1961-1990, to −1,1°C between 2010-2016, so a heating of 0,9°C. In the last 7 years (2010-2016) the average number of frosty nights (nights with minimum temperature of ≤ −10°C) was reduced by 18% compared to the period 1961-1990 and by 3% compared to the period 1981-2010. In the same period (2010 – 2016), the rainfall were higher in winter, respectively by 17% than during 1961-1990 and by 22% than during 1981-2010. There is an increase of torrential character of precipitation, more pronounced in the southern region of Moldova.
Factors that have contributed to the destruction of the arboreal vegetation from the Mihai Eminescu Boulevard areal – Botosani Municipality
Authors: Vieru Paul-Narcis , Vieru Nicoleta-Delia
Published: June 2017

Botosani Municipality faces since 2008 to massive trees drying, in areas such as Mihai Eminescu Boulevard, Calea Nationala Street, Marchian Street. In many cases, although the trees have been toileted, treated with substances used for pest control, there couldn’t be saved but very few specimens, but most of them have been cut down. Furthermore, on Mihai Eminescu Boulevard, there no longer leaf out for a few years the chestnut trees, sycamore trees, linden trees, cherry trees, acacia, maple trees, which probably will be cut down eventually.
The incidence of burnout in nursing practice
Authors: Ondriová Iveta
Published: June 2017

Introduction. The burnout syndrome is significantly associated with nursing profession. Individuals suffering from the syndrome manifest important health problems. More information about prevalence and risk factors for burnout is needed to prevent the syndrome and to determine the most appropriate clinical interventions when the disorder appears.

Aim. The aim of the submitted thesis is to map existence of burnout syndrome in the nurse profession, to compare its existence according to the type department and to find out impact of the demographic characteristics on the burnout syndrome origin.

Material and methods. In the empirical part we describe work method, data analyses, their processing and statistical testing. To collect information we used standardized questionnaire, Burnout Measure (BM) – burnout questionnaire. Acquired data are interpreted in charts.

Results. Result of our research is to find out that existence of burnout syndrome in profession of nurse is considerable, while we do not observe significant differences between different types of workplace. We have identified by statistical processing the impact of demographic index on the occurrence of burnout syndrome. As statistically important we consider in light of burnout syndrome occurrence characteristic, age and duration of practice. Result of our research is to find out that existence of burnout syndrome in profession is considerable, while we do not observe significant differences between different types of workplace.

Conclusions. Based on our results we recognize that it is necessary to strengthen the burnout syndrome prevention among nurses. The occurrence of burnout syndrome was confirmed in our study. The average value of BM indices in our sample was 3.40 for all nurses, a BM index of 3.44 for nurses in sample A and a BM index of 3.36 for nurses in group B. These average values of burnout clearly show that their averages are in the range of “presence of signals of burnout” In this category of the BM index there are significant signs of burnout, but it is not developed burnout syndrome. One alarming finding was that three nurses in sample B found themselves in BM index band 5, which means an emergency state in which it is necessary to seek professional help.
The level of emotional intelligence in undergraduate students of nursing
Authors: Majerníková Ľudmila , Obročníková Andrea
Published: June 2017

Aim. The theory of emotional intelligence provides a framework to think about all of the non-technical skills you need in order to be a good nurse. It’s often described as the potential to feel, use, communicate, recognize, remember, describe, identify, learn from, manage, understand, and explain emotions. The aim of the study was to determine the level of total global Emotional Intelligence among undergraduate students of nursing and also to check the influence of factors (the year of study, type of completed high school education) on Emotional Intelligence.

Methods. The study involved together 86 university students of nursing (average age 21.7±1.4; 96.5% females). We used the standardized questionnaire Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire – Short Form (TEIQue-SF).

Results. The results show a higher level scores achieved by nursing students in all areas EI except Self-control compared to a population norm. Students who have completed non-health’s education achieved higher level scores of Emotionality (p ≤ 0.05).

Conclusions. EI abilities are essential for the profession of nursing in both educational and clinical practice. Examination of the role of education and the development of EI abilities in student nurses are needed to support this foundation of EI research.
Physical activity among nursing students
Authors: Cilar Leona , Preložnik Nina , Štiglic Gregor , Vrbnjak Dominika , Pajnkihar Majda
Published: June 2017

Introduction. Nurses need to encourage patients to lead a healthy lifestyle, hence it is important that as nursing students they are already aware of the importance of physical activity. The purpose of the study was to investigate the physical activities of nursing students.

Aim. The aim of the study was to find out in what state physical activity of nursing students is and to find out what are their main reasons for lack of physical activity.

Material and methods. We conducted a cross-sectional observational study using a mixed methods design. The quantitative data was collected using the survey method with a convenience sample of 123 students and used descriptive and inferential statistics for the analysis. For the qualitative data we used a Grounded Theory Method with semi-structured interviews on purposive samples of four students.

Results and conclusions. In the quantitative part of this study we found a significantly higher proportion of outdoor physical activity in comparison to indoor physical activity (p < 0.001). The qualitative part contains the main categories of physical activity implementation, as well as three sub-categories: attitude to physical activity, barriers and incentives. Nursing students do not do physical activities regularly due to lack of time, obligations at the university, time of the year and finances.
Bleeding in anesthesia – Warsaw, 4 March 2017
Authors: Tarczoń Elżbieta
Published: June 2017

On the 4th March, 2017 in Warsaw, the 4th Educational Conference “Clotting Disorders in Practice based on Clinical Cases” took place. The topic of the meeting was “Patient on anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents in case of surgical procedure”. At the conference, the latest knowledge on the effects of anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents in patients during perioperative period was presented. A practical guidance on treating patients based on clinical cases was demonstrated. The conference was very popular among representatives of medical professions from all over Poland.
Activated carbons prepared from hazelnut shells, walnut shells and peanut shells for high CO2 adsorption
Authors: Lewicka Katarzyna
Published: June 2017

Research treats about producing activated carbons for CO2 capture from hazelnut shells (HN), walnut shells (WN) and peanut shells (PN). Saturated solution of KOH was used as an activating agent in ratio 1:1. Samples were carbonized in the furnace in the range of temperatures 600°C–900°C. Properties of carbons were tested by N2 adsorption method, using BET equation, DFT method and volumetric CO2 adsorption method. With the increase of carbonization temperature specific surface area of studied samples increased. The largest surface area was calculated for samples carbonized at 900°C and the highest values of CO2 adsorption had samples: PN900 at 0°C (5.5 mmol/g) and WN900 at 25°C (4.34 mmol/g). All of the samples had a well-developed microporous structure.
Cobalt-lanthanum catalyst precursors for ammonia synthesis: determination of calcination temperature and storage conditions
Authors: Zybert Magdalena , Tarka Aleksandra , Mierzwa Bogusław , Raróg-Pilecka Wioletta
Published: June 2017

A thermal decomposition of a cobalt-lanthanum catalyst precursor containing a mixture of cobalt and lanthanum compounds obtained by co-precipitation were studied using thermal analysis coupled with mass spectrometry (TG-MS). Studies revealed that the calcination in air at 500°C is sufficient to transform the obtained cobalt precipitate into Co3O4, but it leads to only partial decomposition of lanthanum precipitate. In order to obtain Co/La catalyst precursor containing La2O3 the calcination in air at the temperature about 800°C is required. However, it is unfavorable from the point of view of textural properties of the catalyst precursor. A strong effect of storage conditions on the phase composition of the studied cobalt-lanthanum catalyst precursor, caused by the formation of lanthanum hydroxide and lanthanum carbonates from La2O3 when contacting with air, was observed.
Patients’ expectations of general practitioners
Authors: Warchoł-Sławińska Ewa , Furtak-Niczyporuk Marzena , Sławińska Marta , Włoch Krzysztof , Kos Marek , Wójcik Karolina
Published: June 2017

Introduction. General practitioner (GP) plays an important role in the health care system as he is the first person that a patient turns to with his health related problem. The crucial role of the primary health care system is to control risk factors contributing to civilization diseases such as cancer, diabetes or cardiovascular diseases.

Aim. The aim of the research was the assessment of the selected aspects of patients’ satisfaction with a GP’s care. Conducted study provided answers to questions about the level of patient’s satisfaction, his expectations and needs in the field of doctor’s care within the primary health care system.

Material and methods. Diagnostic poll was used as a method to study public opinion. The poll was based on the research technique in the form of the original questionnaire consisting of 23 closed-ended questions. Study group consisted of 99 primary health care patients from lubelskie voivodship.

Results. The majority of the studied group assessed the quality of general practitioners’ services both in cities and rural areas as high. Respondents declared their satisfaction with the availability of diagnostic tests (73%), quality of information about health condition and treatment provided by the doctor (80%), information about how the medicine should be taken and about further treatment (65%) and respect for privacy and dignity (82%). Minority of the researched group was dissatisfied with the quality of general practitioner’s services mainly because of the limited access to diagnostic tests (27%), low quality of information provided by the doctor about method of taking medicine (35%), short time of the doctor’s visit (38%), suggested method of treatment (36%), disrespect for privacy and dignity of a patient (18%) and limited access to medical documentation (24%).

Conclusions. There is a need to implement actions that will increase patients’ satisfaction with the medical services provided by general practitioners, especially in the following fields: length of the doctor’s visit, quality of information provided by the doctor, improvement in the patient – doctor relation, full access to medical documentation and promotion of health by doctors.
Analysis of the level of depression in perimenopausal women according to sociodemographic characteristics
Authors: Kanadys Katarzyna , Wiktor Krzysztof , Bucholc Marzena , Robak-Chołubek Dorota , Wiktor Henryk
Published: June 2017

Introduction. Historically, perimenopausal period was thought to be associated with mood disorders. Despite many studies, the relationship between menopause and depressed mood has not been fully explained.

Aim. The objective of the study was analysis of the level of intensity of depression among women at perimenopausal age according to sociodemographic characteristics.

Material and methods. The study covered 268 perimenopausal women who reported to outpatient departments in the city of Lublin. The criteria for the qualification of women into the study group were: age 45-55 years, lack of mental disorders and lack of diseases requiring hospitalization during the period of study. The study was conducted with the method of a diagnostic survey with the use of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and a questionnaire designed by the authors in order to collect demographic data.

Results. The mean BDI values obtained in the presented study according to respondents’ age and monthly income showed the lack of depression or mild depression in the group of the women examined. In addition, the mean level of depression according to marital status confirmed the lack of depression in the group of married women, whereas mild depression in the group of those who were single.

Conclusions. Analysis of the results of the study indicated that age and marital status were not related with the respondents’ level of depression. Women who possessed a university education had a lower level of depression, compared to those who had elementary/elementary vocational or secondary school education level. Women whose material standard was higher had a lower level of depression. Women who have a poor material standard and lower level of education should be covered by a special psycho-prophylactic care.
Psychiatric health care center and nursing home – differences and similarities
Authors: Siejko Krzysztof , Drop Bartłomiej , Kos Marek , Dubas-Ślemp Halina , Książek Piotr , Tylec Aneta
Published: June 2017

The authors will try to introduce the subject and provide arguments that will show the differences and similarities between psychiatric health care center and nursing home, as Polish society often wrongly use those two different types of institutional support interchangeably.

Both, health care center and nursing home offer round-the-clock services, but they differ in scope of activity. The knowledge of the profile of institutional units should be an essential argument when choosing the type of institution. The basic criterion for admission to the health care center (psychiatric or somatic) are medical condition, the presence of the disease and the need for continued treatment. While the cause of referring to the nursing home is, or in many cases should be, the life incapability, the lack of support of the home environment or homelessness.

Awareness to the highest quality of care and support should be an overarching value of all institutions, both health care and social welfare and the standards of care and support should contribute to changing society’s attitude to this type of institutions.
Children road traffic injuries in Poland
Authors: Goniewicz Krzysztof , Goniewicz Mariusz , Pawłowski Witold , Fiedor Piotr
Published: June 2017

Road traffic injuries are the leading cause of child mortality in Poland, resulting in more deaths than cancer or birth defects. We present the main problems of road safety and the nature of the causes and consequences of accidents among children based on the World Health Organization Report. Children injuries are one of the main problems in modern medicine requiring vigorous and preventive actions. Children of all ages should be intensively involved in the educational activities related to road safety. Raising awareness concerning the risks associated with children’s participation in traffic as well as the awareness of parents and carers can greatly reduce the number of accidents.
Green methods for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles using biogenic reducing agents: a review
Authors: Vaseghi Zahra , Nematollahzadeh Ali , Tavakoli Omid
Published: June 2017

Metal nanoparticles are being extensively used in a variety of sectors, including drug delivery, cancer treatment, wastewater treatment, DNA analysis, antibacterial agents, biosensors and catalysts. Unlike chemically produced nanoparticles, biosynthesized metal nanoparticles based on green chemistry perspectives impose limited hazards to the environment and are relatively biocompatible. This review is therefore focused on green methods for nanoparticle synthesis by emphasizing on microbial synthesis using bacteria, fungi, algae, and yeasts, as well as phytosynthesis using plant extracts. Furthermore, a detailed description of bioreducing and capping/stabilizing agents involved in the biosynthesis mechanism using these green sources is presented.
Synthesis and structure of large 24-mer and 36-mer oxamate-based macrocycles
Authors: Weheabby Saddam , Abdulmalic Mohammad A. , Kataev Evgeny A. , Shumilova Tatiana A. , Rüffer Tobias
Published: June 2017

Poly(cyclic) oxamates represent novel and potentially multidentate ligands for coordination chemistry. To obtain them, the treatment of 2-nitroaniline with two equivalents of oxalyl chloride afforded N,N′-bis(2-nitrophenyl)oxalamide (1), and by reduction of 1 with [NH4][CO2H] and Pd/C, N,N′-bis(2-aminophenyl)oxalamide (2, bapoxH6) was synthesized. After the addition of an equimolar amount of oxalyl chloride to a THF solution of 2 and aqueous work-up the 24-membered macrocycle H8L2 was obtained. In analogues experiments, the addition of ethoxalyl and oxalyl chloride to 2 afforded the 36-membered macrocycle H12L3. The addition of Cu(OAc)2·H2O and NaOH to 2 gave rise to the formation of [Cu2(bapoxH4)(OAc)2] (4). The identities of 1, 2 and H8L2 were determined by elemental analysis, IR, NMR spectroscopic studies and by mass spectrometry. The solid state structures of H8L2, H12L3 and 4 have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Macrocycle H12L3 forms chains through intermolecular hydrogen bonds, while packing of 4 consists of layers held by intermolecular dispersion and hydrogen bond interactions. 24-mer H8L2 forms a cavity with a diameter of about 7.5 Å corresponding to an accessible volume of about 120 Å3 according to the well-established 55% solution and was found to bind bromide and iodide anions selectively.
Synthesis of benzodiazepines catalyzed by CoFe2O4@SiO2-PrNH2 nanoparticles as a reusable catalyst
Authors: Miri Naiereh Sadat , Safaei-Ghomi Javad
Published: June 2017

CoFe2O4@SiO2-PrNH2 nanoparticles have been used as an efficient catalyst for the preparation of benzodiazepines by multi-component reactions of 1,2-phenylenediamine, dimedone, different aldehydes or Meldrum’s acid and isocyanides. This method provides several advantages including mild reaction conditions, the applicability to a wide range of substrates, the reusability of the catalyst and low catalyst loading.
Efeito de configuração no apoio ao casamento de pessoas do mesmo sexo em universitários brasileiros
Authors: Costa Angelo Brandelli , Catelan Ramiro Figueiredo , De Araujo Camilla Lima , Da Silva Joilson Pereira , Koller Silvia Helena , Nardi Henrique Caetano
Published: June 2017

Efeito de configuração refere-se ao impacto que a forma de apresentar um tópico tem sobre a opinião. Esta pesquisa investigou o efeito de configuração no endosso ao reconhecimento legal das uniões de pessoas do mesmo sexo em uma população universitária brasileira composta por pessoas com diferentes níveis de preconceito. Foram usados três diferentes configurações: homoafetivo, homossexual e pessoas do mesmo sexo. Oito mil e oitenta e dois estudantes universitários do sul do Brasil responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico, escala de preconceito contra diversidade sexual e de gênero e randomicamente deram sua opinião sobre o tópico em questão. Não foram encontradas diferenças no nível de endosso às configurações. No entanto, grupos historicamente associados a menor apoio à diversidade sexual e de gênero e pessoas com atitudes mais negativas em relação à diversidade sexual e de gênero endossaram menos essas uniões. Portanto, a maneira como a questão é enquadrada não influencia o endosso à reivindicação da união de pessoas do mesmo sexo.
Violência conjugal: mapeamento do fenômeno no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Falcke Denise , Boeckel Mariana Gonçalves , Wagner Adriana
Published: June 2017

Os dados sobre violência conjugal costumam ser imprecisos devido a diversos fatores. Entre eles, o fato de retratarem, preponderantemente, a violência visível (física ou sexual), serem obtidos em delegacias e basearem-se na visão de apenas um dos parceiros; sendo que muitos casos não são denunciados. O objetivo deste estudo foi mapear a violência conjugal no Rio Grande do Sul, em relação à presença de coerção sexual, agressão física e psicológica. Participaram 751 casais de distintas regiões do Estado. Os instrumentos foram: questionário de dados sociodemográficos e Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2). Os resultados evidenciaram índices elevados de violência mútua e simétrica entre os casais, ou seja, cometida por ambos os parceiros. Identificou-se que a idade, a escolaridade, a renda e o tempo de relacionamento estiveram associados aos níveis de violência conjugal em suas diferentes dimensões (p < 0,05). Ressalta-se a necessidade de se repensar as intervenções com casais em situação de violência.
Validez y confiabilidad del cuestionario para evaluar factores protectores de la salud mental en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Fernández-Castillo Evelyn , Molerio-Pérez Osana , Herrera Jiménez Luis Felipe , Grau Ricardo
Published: June 2017

Objetivo: Analizar la validez y confiabilidad de un cuestionario para la exploración de factores protectores de la salud mental en estudiantes universitarios cubanos. Método: La muestra quedó conformada por 1377 estudiantes. Se utilizó el análisis categórico de componentes principales, el análisis de conglomerados en dos etapas y los árboles de decisión. Resultados: Se identificaron dos factores. La primera dimensión incluyó ítems que tienen un sentido positivo y expresan un desarrollo de estos factores protectores. Esta dimensión mostró un mayor coeficiente de confiabilidad y fue capaz de explicar una mayor proporción de la varianza en los clúster identificados. La segunda dimensión agrupó aquellos ítems relacionados con un pobre desarrollo de estos factores de protección que pudieran constituir en factores de riesgo. Los ítems que mejor predicen la agrupación de los tres clúster están relacionados con la resiliencia, toma de decisiones, la autoeficacia y la autoestima. Conclusión: El instrumento desarrollado mostró su exactitud y precisión en el proceso de obtención de la información necesaria para evaluar los factores de protección de la salud mental en estudiantes universitarios cubanos.
Rape as loss of honor in the discourse of Moroccan rape trials*
Authors: Lamrani Fatima-Zahra
Published: June 2017

Abstract not available
A Study on the Relationship Among Volunteer Motivation, Recognition Reward, Connectedness, and Volunteering Intention in the PyeongChang Olympic Games: The Role of Connectedness as a Mediator
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, An Young-Joo
Published: June 2017

The city of PyeongChang will host the Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games in 2018. The PyeongChang Olympic Games organization strives to recruit and train qualified volunteers and increase the intention to volunteer because approximately 23,000 volunteers are necessary to hold the Olympics from February 9th to the 25th in 2018. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship among volunteer motivation, recognition reward, connectedness, and volunteering intention. An online survey was conducted and structural Equation Modeling was used to investigate the relationship among volunteer motivation, recognition reward, connectedness, and volunteering intention. This was done using data collected from 232 respondents. The results of this study were that purposive motivation, leisure motivation, and egoistic motivation had a positive effect on connectedness. Economic recognition and rewards positively influence connectedness. Connectedness has a positive effect on volunteering intention. The results of this study will provide theoretical and practical implications.
Buchi Emecheta (1944-2017): Beyond the dingy ditch
Authors: Opara Chioma
Published: June 2017

The media have in the past weeks been awash with the sudden demise of a great female writer, activist and publisher—Buchi Emecheta—on 25 January 2017 in London. Nigerians and, indeed, scholars all over the world have not yet recovered from their shock at the loss of two Nigerian literary giants, Elechi Amadi and Isidore Okpewho, only recently in 2016. And now another fatal blow has been dealt on the literary sphere at the dawn of a brand new year. It may be necessary to note that Buchi Emecheta passed on the heels of Isidore Okpewho’s death (an interval of just four months). Both were, incidentally, from Delta State. In fact, the three deceased writers—Amadi, Okpewho and Emecheta came originally from the oil-rich Niger Delta region of Nigeria.
Acute and Subchronic Oral Toxicity Studies of an Ethanol/Water Extract of Euphorbia scordifolia Jacq (Euphorbiaceae) in Mice and in Rats
Authors: Tagne Fokam Michel Archange , Noubissi Paul Aimé , Kamgang René
Published: June 2017

Euphorbia scordifoliais used in Cameroon as galactagogue and in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. This work was undertaken to evaluate the acute and subchronic toxicities of ethanol/water extract ofEuphorbia scordifolia(EWEs). Acute toxicity study was carried out by oral administration of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 g/kg body weight of EWEs to mice in the respective groups. Subchronic toxicity study was conducted by oral administration of the extract at daily doses of 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg body weight to another group of rats for 28 days, while rats in the control group received 10 mL/kg body weight of distilled water. Following the 28-day treatment, the rats were sacrificed for hematological, biochemical and histopathology studies. In the acute toxicity study, EWEs was found to be non-toxic at a dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight. The subchronic treatment with EWEs did not alter either the body weight gain or the food and water consumption. Biochemical analysis did not show any significant differences in any of the parameters examined in males or females. Hematological analysis showed a significant decrease (P<0.01) in white blood cells and red blood cells in males treated with 100 mg/kg bw and a significant (P<0.01) decrease in hemoglobin and hemoglobin hematocrit in all treated females. Necropsy and histopathological examination revealed some slight hepatic necrosis with the dose 100 mg/kg bw. It would be necessary to use the ethanol/water extract for short periods (<4 weeks). Thus, the plant, at least its ethanol/water extract, could be considered with a wide margin of safety for short-term oral use.
Elective appendicectomy for chronic right lower quadrant pain: a clinical study
Authors: Maharaja P. , Mohanty Alok , Ganesh T. , Baruah Tridip Dutta , Smile Robinson
Published: June 2017

Background: Chronic right-lower-quadrant abdominal pain is a frequent problem among growing population. The purpose of this study is to implement that persistent or recurrent right lower quadrant pain can be treated successfully by elective appendicectomy in properly selected cases. And to detail the outcome of management of these patients with appendectomy.Methods: This observational study was done in Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Pondicherry, India between 2014-16 in patients with clinical diagnosis of chronic RLQ pain and undergoing appendicectomy. Routine laboratory investigations included hemoglobin percentage, serum leukocyte count and differential count, ESR, urine microscopy, random blood sugar, blood urea, serum creatinine, abdominal ultrasound (USG), and histopathological examination (HPE) of removed the appendix. The primary outcome measure was pain scored by the patient at 6th week and 12th week after surgery. Postoperative histopathology report was compared with the clinical improvement.  The analysis of primary outcome was performed on an intention-to-treat basis. P<0.050 was considered statistically significant.Results: Eighty-two cases of chronic RLQ pain, who met the inclusion criteria, were included in the clinical study. Elective appendicectomy was performed in all 82 patients and sample analysed by HPE.  Out of 82 (100 %) patients who underwent appendicectomy, 45 (54.90 %) were male and 37 (45.10 %) were female. About 79 cases (96.34%) of the patients were completely pain free, and only 3 (3.66%) patients did not improve after elective appendicectomy. There was no mortality. Out of 82 patients, 52 (63.41%) patients had pathological signs of appendicitis and 30 (36.59 %) patients showed the normal appendix.Conclusions: Elective laparoscopic appendicectomy in patients with chronic RLQ pain may be an effective therapeutic procedure in properly selected cases. Histopathology of the removed appendix does not contribute to the diagnosis. However, there appears to be definite scope for a much longer duration of follow-up study of the patients with chronic RLQ pains.
A prospective study to predict the severity of acute pancreatitis by BISAP score
Authors: Bung Yogesh Kumar , Neeralagi Chandrasekhar Sharanappa , Suggaiah Lakkanna , Rathnam Usharani , Kesari Chandrakant
Published: June 2017

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is as an inflammation of the pancreas with varied range of complication like peri-pancreatic collection, pancreatic necrosis, renal failure, multi-organ dysfunction syndrome which increases mortality rate and morbidity. Majority of AP cases are mild but severe cases of AP are associated with increased complication and mortality. BISAP is simple bedside prognostic scoring system for predicting severity of AP. BISAP is a collection of simple routine investigation and scores are quantified at 24hours of onset of AP. This study aims to assess prognosis of AP cases at ESIC Medical college and Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.Methods: A prospective study of 60 Patients who were diagnosed as AP according to RAC. All patients were admitted in high dependency unit with close observation of vital parameters and investigations were done at 24 hours of onset of AP. BISAP score >3 was considered as Severe Acute Pancreatitis, its correlation with local complications, organ failure, ICU stay and Mortality was studied. Statistical analysis done using Chi-square test and Fisher Exact test for local complications and organ failure using xL Stat and SPSS v.21.0, a p-value <0.05 was considered to be significant.Results: Of the 60 patients, BISAP score was >3 and <3 in 15 and 45 patients respectively. Alcohol was the most common cause of acute pancreatitis, accounting for 53.33%. In current study 12 (20%) patients developed organ failure and among them 9 (75%) had transient organ failure and 3 (25%) had persistent organ failure. Total 8 (13%) patients had developed pancreatic necrosis and among them 6 had BISAP >3. Mortality rate in this study was 2%.Conclusions: The BISAP score is a simple and fairly accurate method for the early identification of patients at increased risk for in hospital mortality and to identify patients at risk of the development of intermediate markers of severity and organ failure within 24 hours of presentation.
A clinicopathological study of solitary nodule of thyroid
Authors: Dhanaram Balaji , Arunachalam Jothi , Muthukumaraswamy Baskaran
Published: June 2017

Background: Solitary thyroid nodule is considered a challenge by surgeons and pathologists alike. Prevalence increases with age and their occurrence is spontaneous.Methods: This is a prospective study conducted in our hospital conducted over period of 2 years. About 100 patients who were confirmed as solitary nodule by clinical examination and ultrasound were included in this study and all relevant data were collected.Results: The swelling was found to be more common in women and in the age group of 20 to 30 years. The lesion was found to be benign in 92% and malignant in 8%. Out of the 8%, 4% of cases were diagnosed as malignant by FNAC. About 90% patients had undergone hemithyroidectomy and 10% underwent total thyroidectomy. The most common complication was wound infection.Conclusions: The majority of solitary nodule of thyroid was found to be benign and this clearly illustrates that hemithyroidectomy is the preferred surgery unless malignancy is suspected by fine needle aspiration cytology.
A randomized controlled study to compare the efficacy of hughes abdominal repair with conventional abdominal closure-to reduce the incidence of incisional hernias in Indian population
Authors: C. Rajasekaran , K. Vijaykumar , M. Arulkumaran , S. S. Meera
Published: June 2017

Background: Incisional hernia forms the most common delayed morbidity following midline laparotomy surgeries- causing mental trauma to the patient impairing their quality of life and scars the name and fame of the surgeon. So, the need for possible attributes on surgeon’s aspect to prevent the incisional hernia is the need of the hour. We planned a randomized controlled trial to compare two different abdominal closure techniques to reduce the incidence of Incisional hernia following midline laparotomy incisions. We advocated Hughes abdominal repair which includes a series of two horizontal and two vertical mattresses within single suture whereby the tension load of suture is distributed both along and across the suture line.Methods: 1:1 Randomized controlled trial in which the patient is blinded and obviously operating surgeon is non-blinded. Evaluating examiner and radiologist are blinded.100 patients who underwent emergency and elective midline laparotomies were enrolled in the study and intra-operatively randomized into two groups in 1:1 pattern. Ethical clearance obtained from the Institutional ethical committee. The primary outcome measure is the incidence of burst abdomen at the end of 15 days by the evaluating surgeon (non-operated surgeon who is blinded). The secondary outcome is the incidence of incisional hernia at the end of one year-evaluated by detailed clinical examination with radiological proof using CT abdomen.Results: The incidence of incisional hernia is significantly low in Hughes abdominal repair than conventional abdominal closure.Conclusions: Hughes abdominal wall closure is superior to conventional closure in both emergency and elective laparotomy cases, in prevention of wound dehiscence and Incisional hernias later. Present study encourages us that Hughes abdominal wall repair is comparable to mesh repairs. This study needs to be continued further to a vast sample size to perfectly assess the statistical significance.
Apache II scoring in predicting surgical outcome in patients of perforation peritonitis
Authors: Agarwal Anand , Choudhary Ganpat Singh , Bairwa Mansingh , Choudhary Amit
Published: June 2017

Background: Many scoring systems have been found useful in predicting the outcome in critically ill patients, amongst them acute physiology and chronic health evaluation score (APACHE II) appeared to be the most widely used and had a general acceptance in assessing the critically ill patients, for its easy applicability and ability to predict outcome.Methods: To predict the surgical outcome in patients of perforation peritonitis APACHE II scoring done in every diagnosed case of perforation peritonitis in a prospective study from January 2015 to June 2016 was done. 100 patients with perforation peritonitis fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criterion underwent exploratory laparotomy in Mahatma Gandhi hospital, Dr. S.N. Medical college, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.Results: In current study, 69 patients were in the low risk group (apache score 0-5) and 24 patients were in the medium risk group (Apache score 6-10) and 7 patients were in the high-risk group (Apache score 11-16). Of these 100 % patients in low risk group and 95.8% patients in medium risk group were discharged in satisfactory manner and 100% patients expired in high risk group.Conclusions: APACHE II score correlated well with the outcome in current study, it also correlated well with the hospital and ICU stay.
Bladder stone: a rare cause of obstructed labour
Authors: Sonak Mangala , Ramteke Sangeeta , Davile Medha
Published: June 2017

Bladder stone is a rare cause of obstructed labour. Study report a case of bladder stone obstructing the labour in a multipara. Diagnosis was made during labour on pervaginal examination. The stone was impacted below the fetal head thus obstructing labour. A bladder stone weighing approximately 120 g and measuring 6x6 cm was removed by cystolithotomy at the time of caesarean section. The postoperative period was uneventful. Mechanical cause resulting in obstructed labour is a very common phenomenon but vesical calculus causing dystocia is very rare and till date very few cases of vesical calculus resulting in obstructed labour has been reported in the literature. Prompt diagnosis of the condition is very important to prevent grave complications like vesicovaginal fistula and rupture uterus.
Role of oral doxycycline in the management of conjunctival dehiscence following glaucoma drainage device
Authors: Gupta Prakrati , Senthil Srisha , Srirampur Arjun , Mittal Priya
Published: June 2017

Importance of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor like Doxycycline in the management of conjunctival dehiscence following glaucoma drainage device. A 50 years old man developed conjunctival retraction after a glaucoma grainage device with was managed with oral doxycycline. After 4 month of continuous treatment there was complete healing of conjunctival defect. Oral doxycycline is a viable alternative in the conservative management of conjunctival retraction obviating the need for surgical intervention.