bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Replicating Viral Vector Greatly Enhances Accumulation of Helical Virus-Like Particles in Plants
Authors: Thuenemann Eva C. , Byrne Matthew J. , Peyret Hadrien , Saunders Keith , Castells-Graells Roger , Ferriol Inmaculada , Santoni Mattia , Steele John F. C. , Ranson Neil A. , Avesani Linda , Lopez-Moya Juan Jose , Lomonossoff George P.
Published: May 2021

The production of plant helical virus-like particles (VLPs) via plant-based expression has been problematic with previous studies suggesting that an RNA scaffold may be necessary for their efficient production. To examine this, we compared the accumulation of VLPs from two potexviruses, papaya mosaic virus and alternanthera mosaic virus (AltMV), when the coat proteins were expressed from a replicating potato virus X- based vector (pEff) and a non-replicating vector (pEAQ-HT). Significantly greater quantities of VLPs could be purified when pEff was used. The pEff system was also very efficient at producing VLPs of helical viruses from different virus families. Examination of the RNA content of AltMV and tobacco mosaic virus VLPs produced from pEff revealed the presence of vector-derived RNA sequences, suggesting that the replicating RNA acts as a scaffold for VLP assembly. Cryo-EM analysis of the AltMV VLPs showed they had a structure very similar to that of authentic potexvirus particles. Thus, we conclude that vectors generating replicating forms of RNA, such as pEff, are very efficient for producing helical VLPs.
Comparison of the Gut Microbiota of Jeju and Thoroughbred Horses in Korea
Authors: Park Taemook , Yoon Jungho , Kim Ahram , Unno Tatsuya , Yun Youngmin
Published: May 2021

(1) Background: The large intestine of horses is an anaerobic fermentative chamber filled with fibrolytic bacteria that play essential roles in digesting and absorbing nutrients for energy production. Although Jeju horses are a prominent local breed in Korea, few studies have investigated the gut microbiota of Jeju horses; (2) Methods: This study performed sequencing of V3 and V4 hypervariable regions of the partial 16S rRNA genes obtained from horse fecal samples and compared the gut microbiota between Jeju and Thoroughbred horses. Thirty and 24 fecal samples were obtained from Jeju and Thoroughbred horses, respectively; (3) Results: The gut microbiota belonged to 23 phyla and 159 families. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the most abundant and predominant phyla, followed by Verrucomicrobia, Euryachaeota, and Spirochaete. The ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B), which is known as a relevant marker of gut dysbiosis, was 1.84 for Jeju horses, whereas it was 1.76 for Thoroughbred horses. Moreover, at the genus level, 21 genera were significantly different between the Jeju and Thoroughbred horses (p < 0.05); (4) Conclusions: The Thoroughbred horse’s gut microbiotas had significantly higher diversity than the Jeju horses (p < 0.05). In addition, beneficial commensal bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids thus providing a significant source of energy are also more abundant in Thoroughbred horses. These results provide novel information on the horse gut microbiota and insights for further studies related to the horse gut microbiota.
An Enhanced Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization in Water Distribution Systems Design
Authors: Torkomany Mohamed R. , Hassan Hassan Shokry , Shoukry Amin , Abdelrazek Ahmed M. , Elkholy Mohamed
Published: May 2021

The scarcity of water resources nowadays lays stress on researchers to develop strategies aiming at making the best benefit of the currently available resources. One of these strategies is ensuring that reliable and near-optimum designs of water distribution systems (WDSs) are achieved. Designing WDSs is a discrete combinatorial NP-hard optimization problem, and its complexity increases when more objectives are added. Among the many existing evolutionary algorithms, a new hybrid fast-convergent multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm is developed to increase the convergence and diversity rates of the resulted non-dominated solutions in terms of network capital cost and reliability using a minimized computational budget. Several strategies are introduced to the developed algorithm, which are self-adaptive PSO parameters, regeneration-on-collision, adaptive population size, and using hypervolume quality for selecting repository members. A local search method is also coupled to both the original MOPSO algorithm and the newly developed one. Both algorithms are applied to medium and large benchmark problems. The results of the new algorithm coupled with the local search are superior to that of the original algorithm in terms of different performance metrics in the medium-sized network. In contrast, the new algorithm without the local search performed better in the large network.
General practice responses to opioid prescribing feedback: a qualitative process evaluation
Authors: Wood Su , Foy Robbie , Willis Thomas A , Carder Paul , Johnson Stella , Alderson Sarah
Published: May 2021

Background

The rise in opioid prescribing in primary care represents a significant public health challenge, associated with increased psychosocial problems, hospitalisations, and mortality. An evidence-based bimonthly feedback intervention to reduce opioid prescribing was developed and implemented, targeting 316 general practices in West Yorkshire over 1 year.

Aim

To understand how general practice staff received and responded to the feedback intervention.

Design and setting

Qualitative process evaluation involving semi-structured interviews, guided by Normalisation Process Theory (NPT), of primary care healthcare professionals targeted by feedback.

Method

Participants were purposively recruited according to baseline opioid prescribing levels and degree of change following feedback. Interview data were coded to NPT constructs, and thematically analysed.

Results

Interviews were conducted with 21 staff from 20 practices. Reducing opioid prescribing was recognised as a priority. While high achievers had clear structures for quality improvement, feedback encouraged some less structured practices to embed changes. The non-prescriptive nature of the feedback reports allowed practices to develop strategies consistent with their own ways of working and existing resources. Practice concerns were allayed by the credibility of the reports and positive experiences of reducing opioid prescribing. The scale, frequency, and duration of feedback may have ensured a good overall level of practice population reach.

Conclusion

The intervention engaged general practice staff in change by targeting an issue of emerging concern, and allowing adaption to different ways of working. Practice efforts to reduce opioid prescribing were reinforced by regular feedback, credible comparative data showing progress, and shared experiences of patient benefit.
Targeted delivery of thrombolytic enzymes
Authors: Kwon Young M.
Published: May 2021

Although thrombolytic agents have been used for several decades in the treatment of thromboembolic conditions, there is an unmet need for the development of safer thrombolytic agents. The development of new molecules themselves may not be sufficient. This has sparked a growing interest in the design of novel nanoscale drug carrier systems for the delivery of thrombolytic enzymes in an effort to address its fatal side effects. There are numerous proof-of-concept reports on such nanoscale systems that seek to capitalize on the pathophysiologic signatures of thrombosis as well as external biochemical/physical triggers. Although there may be a long road ahead before we have such new nanoscale therapeutics on the bedside, hopes remain high.
In silico approach towards the identification of potential inhibitors from Curcuma amada Roxb against H. pylori: ADMET screening and molecular docking studies
Authors: Divyashri G , Krishna Murthy T P , Sundareshan Subramaniam , Kamath Pavan , Murahari Manikanta , Saraswathy G R , Sadanandan Bindu
Published: May 2021

Introduction: The present study attempts to identify potential targets of H. pylori for novel inhibitors from therapeutic herb, mango ginger (Curcuma amada Roxb.). Methods: Crystal structure of all the selected drug targets obtained from Protein Data Bank (PDB) were subjected to molecular docking against a total of 130 compounds (found to have biological activity against H. pylori) were retrieved from public databases. Compounds with good binding affinity were selected for Prime MM-GBSA rescoring and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Final list of compounds were taken for ADMET predictions. Results: Based on binding affinity denoted by glide score and ligand efficiency, mango ginger compounds were found selective to shikimate kinase and type II dehydroquinase through hydrogen bonding and salt bridge interactions. Stability of the interactions and free energy calculations by Prime MM-GBSA results confirmed the affinity of mango ginger compounds towards both shikimate kinase and type II dehydroquinase. From the above results, 15 compounds were calculated for ADMET parameters, Lipinski’s rule of five, and the results were found promising without any limitations. MD simulations identified gentisic acid as hit compound for shikimate kinase of H. pylori. Conclusion: Current study could identify the in silico potential of mango ginger compounds against shikimate kinase and type II dehydroquinase targets for H. pylori infections and are suitable for in vitro and in vivo evaluation.
Recurrence of periodontitis and associated factors in previously treated periodontitis patients without maintenance follow-up
Authors: Atarbashi-Moghadam Fazele , Talebi Mohammadreza , Mohammadi Farnaz , Sijanivandi Soran
Published: May 2021

Background. Preventive dentistry, including supportive periodontal therapy (SPT), is one of the most critical areas of attention. Despite SPT’s importance in the long-term success of periodontal treatment, the patients’ adherence to it is weak. The present study aimed to evaluate of periodontal disease’s recurrence rate and its related factors in periodontal patients without regular follow-up. Methods. A cross-sectional study was set in a specialized periodontics clinic in Tehran, Iran. Patients with periodontitis who completed periodontal therapy during 2005–2014 and did not adhere to the maintenance phase were evaluated. The periodontal history of the patients was updated. The previous diagnoses of patients according to their previous periodontal charts were revised by AAP 2015 criteria. Then, periodontal parameters were assessed, and current periodontal status was evaluated. Statistical analyses consisted of Fisher’s exact test, t-test, Man-Whitney test, and Kruskal-Wallis test. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between factors and variables. Results. Fifty patients were evaluated, including 29 males and 21 females. There was a significant relationship between the initial diagnosis and recurrence rate of periodontitis (P=0.017). There was also a significant relationship between the recurrence of periodontitis and the years elapsed since the initial treatment (P=0.027, r = 0.353). Smoking significantly affected tooth loss (P=0.001). Conclusion. Patients with severe periodontitis need more attention to participate in supportive periodontal care. The patients must be aware of the disadvantages of neglecting this phase and be reminded of regular follow-up.
Complete excision and soft tissue augmentation after recurrence of a peripheral ossifying fibroma as a pyogenic granuloma: A case report
Authors: Chitsazha Ramtin , Faramarzi Masoumeh , Firouzi Negin
Published: May 2021

Reactive lesions of soft tissue are common oral lesions that are usually non-neoplastic growths without pain; however, they can interfere with oral hygiene and plaque control, and if present in the anterior segment, they can cause esthetics problems. In this case, there was a reactive lesion at the gingiva of the left maxillary central incisor area. The particular consideration about this case was the recurrence of a peripheral ossifying fibroma as a pyogenic granuloma, indicating the association between reactive gingival lesions. The history of several recurrences due to incomplete removal shows the importance of complete excision for preventing recurrence. Therefore, the lesion was completely excised, and the mucogingival defect was successfully augmented with periodontal plastic surgery.
Iliac vein stenting in a patient with lower extremity swelling resulting from diffuse pelvic mass: A case report
Authors: Tadayon Niki , Zarrintan Sina , Hosseini Seyed Masoud , Kalantar-Motamedi Seyed Mohammad Reza
Published: May 2021

We report a 66-year-old male patient with severe right lower extremity swelling resulting from diffuse pelvic mass with compression on right external iliac vein. The patient had papillary urothelial carcinoma of bladder seven years ago and radical cystectomy and ureterostomy was performed. Recurrence of malignancy had occurred five years after the operation. The patient had also bilateral diffuse lung metastasis. The external iliac vein had severe stenosis and invasion of pelvic mass into the vein was evident on venography. Venoplasty of external iliac vein was performed throughout the stenosis. A venous stent of 80 mm length and 12 mm diameter was introduced over the guidewire and deployed in the external iliac vein. Dramatic clinical response was evident since postoperative day two. Swelling of right lower extremity was resolved dramatically on three-month and six-month follow-up visits. We believe that endovascular venous recanalization of iliac veins is feasible and safe in patients with unresectable and diffuse pelvic masses.
A single coronary artery with left circumflex artery crossing right ventricular outflow tract in tetralogy of Fallot with absent left pulmonary artery
Authors: Jaswal Vivek , Thingnam Shyam Kumar Singh , Kumar Vikas , Patel Ruchit , Munirathinam Ganesh Kumar , Toshkhani Dheemta
Published: May 2021

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) with unilateral absence of pulmonary artery and the anomalous coronary artery is a rare combination. Detailed preoperative evaluation of coronary artery anatomy is must to prevent injury to the major vessels crossing right ventricular outflow tract. We report a rare association of single coronary artery with left circumflex artery crossing right ventricular outflow tract close to the pulmonary annulus in tetralogy of Fallot with absent left pulmonary artery in 11-year-old girl. Though there is a great diversity of coronary anomalies in tetralogy of Fallot, the prepulmonic course of left circumflex artery crossing the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) close to the pulmonary annulus has rarely been described in the literature. The patient underwent successful primary single lung intracardiac repair. Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction was treated by handmade valved pericardial autologous conduit and release of the tethering of hypoplastic native unicuspid pulmonary valve leaflet maintaining its integrity.
Demystifying penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer of aorta: unrealised tyrant of senile aortic changes
Authors: Dev Rahul , Gitanjali Khorwal , Anshuman Darbari
Published: May 2021

This review article describes demographic features, comorbidities, clinical and imaging findings, prognosis, and treatment strategies in penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer (PAU) and closely related entities using google scholar web search. PAU is one of the manifestations of the acute aortic syndrome (AAS) spectrum. The underlying aorta invariably shows atherosclerotic changes or aneurysmal dilatation. Hypertension is the most common contributing factor, with chest or back pain being the usual manifestation. Intramural hematoma (IMH) is the second entity associated with both PAU and aortic dissection (AD), more so with the latter. Chest radiograph can show mediastinal widening, pleural, or pericardial fluid in rupture. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is the imaging modality of choice to visualize PAU, with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) adding diagnostic value. Lesser-known entities of intramural blood pool (IBP), limited intimal tears (LITs), and focal intimal disruptions (FID) are also encountered. PAU can form fistulous communication with adjacent organs whereas IMH may propagate to dissection. CTA aids in defining the management, open or endovascular options in surgical candidates.
Development of Sodium Sulfate Induced Water Based Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for the Extraction of Four Tricyclic Antidepressants in Urine Samples Prior to Their Determination by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Mohebi Ali , Farajzadeh Mir Ali , Jouyban Abolghasem , Nemati Mahboob , Afshar Mogaddam Mohammad Reza
Published: May 2021

Background: Because of the narrow therapeutic range of tricyclic antidepressant drugs, their determination in biological samples is of great importance. In this work, a fast and environment friendly sample pretreatment method based on a dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction was developed for the extraction and preconcentration of four tricyclic antidepressants including nortriptyline, amitriptyline, desipramine, and clomipramine in urine prior to their determinations by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Methods: In the suggested method, an appropriate mixture of Na2SO4 solution (as phase separation agent and disperser) containing isopropanol (extraction solvent) is rapidly injected into an alkaline aqueous sample solution containing Na2SO4 and the analytes. As a result, a cloudy mixture is formed and the tiny droplets of the extractant containing the extracted analytes are collected on the surface of the aqueous phase after centrifuging. Finally, an aliquot of the collected organic phase is removed and injected into the separation system for the quantitative analysis. Results: Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factors and extraction recoveries were in the ranges of 380–440 and 76–88%, respectively. The limits of detection and quantification were obtained in the ranges of 11–24, and 41–75 ng/L, respectively. The relative standard deviations of the proposed method were ≤ 6.1% for intra– (n=6) and inter–day (n=4) precisions at a concentration of 100 ng/L of each analyte. Conclusion: The introduced method was satisfactorily utilized for the simultaneous determination of the selected tricyclic antidepressant drugs in the patient’s urine samples.
Solubility Enhancement of Betamethasone, Meloxicam and Piroxicam by Use of Choline-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents
Authors: Golgoun Salva , Mokhtarpour Masumeh , Shekaari Hemayat
Published: May 2021

Background: The low aqueous solubility of three important drugs (betamethasone (BETA), meloxicam (MEL) and piroxicam (PIR)) have been increased by use of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) based choline chloride/urea (ChCl/U), choline chloride/ethylene glycol (ChCl/EG) and choline chloride/glycerol (ChCl/G) as new class of solvents at T = (298.15 to 313.15) K. Methods: DESs were prepared by combination of the ChCl/EG, U and G with the molar ratios: 1:2. The solubility of drugs in the aqueous DESs solutions was measured at different temperatures with shake flask method. Results: The solubility of the investigated drugs increased with increasing the weight fraction of DESs. The solubility data were correlated by e-NRTL and Wilson models. Also, the thermodynamic functions, Gibbs energy, enthalpy, and entropy of dissolution were calculated. Conclusion: At the same composition of co-solvents and temperature, the BETA, PIR and MEL solubility was highest in (ChCl/U + water), (ChCl/U + water) and (ChCl/EG + water) respectively. The calculated solubility based on these models was in good agreement with the experimental values. In addition, the results show that, the main contribution for drugs solubility in the aqueous DES solutions is the enthalpy.
Immunomodulatory Effects of Cyperus rotundus Extract on 7,12 Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) Exposed BALB/c Mice
Authors: Ramadhani Abu Hanifah , Nafisah Wirdatun , Isnanto Hary , Sholeha Tri Kurniawati , Jatmiko Yoga Dwi , Tsuboi Hideo , Rifa'i Muhaimin
Published: May 2021

Background: The carcinogenic substance 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) was commonly used to induce tumor formation in rodents. The development of tumor may trigger higher expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which in turn supports tumor progression. In this study, we examined the efficacy of Cyperus rotundus extract (CRE) that was reported to have anti-inflammatory properties. We focused on investigating the levels of activated T lymphocytes and the pro-inflammatory cytokines expressed by macrophages. Methods: Female BALB/c were injected with DMBA subcutaneously. The DMBA exposed mice were given CRE orally in three different doses; 63.33, 158.4, and 316.8 mg/kg. After 14 days, the levels of activated T lymphocytes and pro-inflammatory cytokines were analyzed using flow cytometry. Graphical analysis was done with FlowJo v10 and followed by statistical analysis. Results: The treatment of CRE reduced the population of CD4 and CD8 T cells. The number of activated CD4 and CD8 T cells were also significantly suppressed. The population of macrophages marked by CD11b cells was significantly reduced. Finally, the CRE treatment suppressed the levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and IL-6 expressed by macrophages. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that CRE could be a potential agent useful in therapeutic approaches for curing the disease caused by aberrant cells.
An Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC)-Specific Aptamer Determined through Structure-Based Virtual Screening for the Development of Hypertension Early Detection System
Authors: Komala Dina Ratna , Hardianto Ari , Gaffar Shabarni , Hartati Yeni Wahyuni
Published: May 2021

Background: Epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is a transmembrane protein involved in maintaining sodium levels in blood plasma. It is also a potential biomarker for the early detection of hypertension since the amount of ENaC is related to the familial history of hypertension. ENaC can be detected by an aptamer, a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or RNA which offers advantages over an antibody. This study aimed to obtain an ssDNA aptamer specific to ENaC through virtual screening. Methods: Forty-one aptamers were retrieved from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) and the RNA was converted to ssDNA aptamers. The X-ray crystallographic structure of ENaC protein was remodelled using Modeller 9.20 to resolve missing residues. Molecular docking of aptamers against ENaC was performed using Patchdock and Firedock, then the selected aptamer was subjected to molecular docking against other ion channel proteins to assess its selectivity to ENaC. A molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was also conducted using Amber16 to acquire an in-depth understanding of the interaction within the aptamer-ENaC complex. Results: The virtual screening suggested that the ssDNA of iSpinach aptamer (PDB: 5OB3) displayed the strongest binding to ENaC (-49.46 kcal/mol) and was selective for ENaC over the other ion protein channels. An MMGBSA calculation on the complex of aptamer-ENaC revealed binding energy of -42,12 kcal/mol. Conclusion: The iSpinach-based aptamer is a potential probe for detecting ENaC or iDE and may be useful for the development of hypertension early detection systems.
Protective Effect of Merbau (Intsia bijuga) Extract on Hydrogen Peroxide-Treated HaCaT Human Keratinocytes and Its Formulation as Antioxidant Cream
Authors: Hartiadi Leonny Yulita , sahamastuti Agnes Anania Triavika , Chandra Cynthia Valentina , Febriani Erlina , Adiyanto Shakila Angyaja , Daeli Giovanni Batista Christian , Clarissa Gabriella Cindy
Published: May 2021

Background: The excessive generation of ROS in the skin results in oxidative stress that can contribute to premature skin aging, inflammation, and skin carcinogenesis. To prevent these detrimental effects, the development of herbal medicine with a potent antioxidant activity into cosmetic products is required. This study aims to formulate cream that contains a safe and effective concentration of merbau (Intsia bijuga), which has been shown to have a strong antioxidant activity. Methods: Powdered merbau wood was macerated with methanol and the dried extract was evaluated for its cytotoxic effect and antioxidant activity on human keratinocytes cell line using MTS assay. Five cream formulations containing the extract were made and subjected to stability and physical evaluations, including organoleptic, types of cream, pH, viscosity, and homogeneity. Results: Cytotoxicity assay revealed that merbau extracts had an IC50 of 181.3 μg/mL (95% confidence interval (CI): 165.4 - 200.1 µg/mL). At a concentration of 31.25 μg/mL, the extract exhibited a protective effect against H2O2-induced oxidative stress, comparable to vitamin E. Five cream formulas that were developed demonstrated good physical properties that fulfilled the evaluation parameters, including o/w type of cream, homogenous, and stable based on centrifugation and freeze-thaw cycle tests. The pH values were between 5.65 ± 0.067 - 7.4 ± 0.050, while the viscosity values were between 131 ± 1.249 - 56,011 ± 2,729.27 mPa.s. All cream formulas exhibited shear-thinning properties upon increasing shear stress. Conclusion: Overall, this study has successfully formulated several cream formulations containing merbau extract at a concentration that shows antioxidant activity.
Instrumento virtual para adquisición de datos, análisis y evaluación de sistemas dinámicos
Authors: Huesca-Lazcano Erick Eduardo , Gómez-Navarro Carlos Antonio , Flores-Ramírez Oscar , Romero-Rodríguez Gabriel
Published: May 2021

In this work, a program for signal acquisition and monitoring was carried out, with the purpose of evaluating the behavior of rotating systems. The monitoring program was carried out in the LabVIEW software, in which the behavior of the system is visualized and the different post-processes of the acquired signals are carried out. LabVIEW was chosen because it allows manipulating the obtained data to be used in various post-processes in different programs, which is one of the main advantages that they have over other systems, such as ADRE of Bently Nevada DAIU 208-P, which also , does not allow access to data. The operation of the designed program, its advantages and the secondary programs used for the different post-processes are explained in detail. The experimental platform where the tests were carried out is shown, showing the validations and the correct operation of the program designed in LabVIEW, compared to the monitoring system mentioned above ADRE. Finally, various possibilities are offered to expand the capabilities of this program, these options range from increasing the types of filters used for signals, as well as extracting non-linear characteristics, such as the Largest Lyapunov Exponent (LLE).
Semiparametric Bayesian Methods in Growth Curve Modeling for Nonnormal Data Analysis
Authors: Tong Xin
Published: May 2021

Semiparametric Bayesian methods have been proposed in the literature for growth curve modeling to reduce the adverse effect of having nonnormal data. The normality assumption of measurement errors in traditional growth curve models was {replaced} by a random distribution with Dirichlet process mixture priors. However, both the random effects and measurement errors are equally likely to be nonnormal. Therefore, in this study, three types of robust distributional growth curve models are proposed from a semiparametric Bayesian perspective, in which random coefficients or measurement errors follow either normal distributions or unknown random distributions with Dirichlet process mixture priors. Based on a Monte Carlo simulation study, we evaluate the performance of the robust models and demonstrate that selecting an appropriate model for practical data analyses is very important, by comparing the three types of robust distributional models as well as the traditional growth curve models with the normality assumption. We also provide a straightforward strategy to select the appropriate model.
Doświadczenie ojcostwa a znaturalizowany porządek płciowy w Eliasowskiej perspektywie
Authors: Suwada Katarzyna
Published: May 2021

This article focuses on the relations between men and women in the area of family life, and in particular the situation of fathers and their approach to biological differences between the genders. Using the theoretical perspective developed by Norbert Elias, the author shows how the organization of social life, which she considers to be based on the inequality of men and women, is legitimized by emphasis in the process of naturalizing gender differences. On the basis of qualitative research, methods of deﬁning fatherhood in reference to that difference are depicted, as are the strategies which individuals adopt to deal with it, and the problems that are connected with this in contemporary Polish society.
Ukraina, Rosja i problem peryferyjności
Authors: Kizwalter Tomasz
Published: May 2021

In this essay, the author addresses the question of Ukraine’s and Russia’s relations with the West in the modern and contemporary era. He believes that the revolution in Ukraine in 2013/2014 signiﬁes a successive stage in Ukraine’s emancipation and modernization, which began with the emergence of a separate nation on its territory in the 19th century. The author is in favor of the further use of such conceptual categories as the ‘centre’, the ‘periphery’, and ‘modernization’. He thinks they still permit the description of the real developmental distance between different parts of the world and the analysis of strategies aimed at diminishing that distance. In his opinion, Ukraine’s present chance for modernization is unambiguously connected with its choice of the ‘western’ road of development. He interprets the Russian attempt to counteract this choice by force as an expression of the disappointment experienced by the elite of the former empire. In essence, it is a sign that Russia is remaining in a peripheral situation in regard to the West, which is ‘escaping’ it.
Niedoszłe przejście graniczne Wołosate–Łubnia. Reﬂeksja nad bieszczadzkim odcinkiem pogranicza polsko-ukraińskiego
Authors: Dębicki Marcin
Published: May 2021

The author writes about an initiative to open a border crossing between Poland and Ukraine in the Bieszczady village of Wołosate, concentrating particularly on the social actors involved and showing their positions: the Bieszczady National Park, the Bieszczady Border Guard Division, local society, the Polish state, and also tourists, ecologists, and other activists engaged in the affair. The author’s reﬂections are based on statements gathered during a stay in Wołosate and Ustrzyki Górne in July 2014 and on other opinions regarding the question. These considerations differentiate, at the theoretical level, between the border administration and society, and enable the marked speciﬁcity of this fragment of the Polish-Ukrainian border to be perceived.
Realizacja potrzeb seksualnych przez osoby niepełnosprawne: rzeczywistość — perspektywy — kontrowersje
Authors: Ślęzak Izabela
Published: May 2021

The aim of this article is to examine how the sexuality of disabled persons is perceived by persons in their immediate surroundings (parents, caretakers, health professionals). The latter’s understanding of the question is one of the factors affecting how disabled persons define their needs and what possibility they will have of fulfilling them. On the basis of the literature on the subject, the author presents the findings of research concerning the satisfaction of sexual needs by persons with a physical or mental disability. She also indicates various ‘alternative’ methods of fulfilling these needs, such as sexual assistance, sexual therapy with a substitute partner (on the basis of the literature on the subject), and prostitution (on the basis of her own research). Consideration of the scientific and popular perspectives and the socially accepted or unaccepted manners by which disabled persons can satisfy their sexual needs makes it possible to determine to what degree these persons’ right to fulfill their sexual needs is realized in practice.
„Amoralny familizm”, czyli o dezintegracji społecznej w Polsce lat osiemdziesiątych
Authors: Tarkowska Elżbieta , Tarkowski Jacek
Published: May 2021

In this article the authors reflect on human relations phenomena that were characteristic of Polish society in the second half of the 1980s. These phenomena were not new nor have they been observed solely in this society. They appear everywhere and are strengthened in times of scarcity. In Poland they were made more severe by the breakdown of the communist system and the crisis connected with the systemic transformation. This was characterized by a strong dualism involving: (1) the division of the social sphere into public and private; (2) the narrowing of the social sphere to the family, a network of friends, and informal ties—a division into ‘own’ and ‘other’; (3) a concentration on the present and on immediacy, with a dislike and inability to plan, think, or act in categories of the future; and (4) disintegrational, competitive, aggressive attitudes and behaviors, with a climate of distrust and enmity in human relations, and the application of a dual ethic—one for one’s ‘own’ people and another for ‘others.’ This amoral familism, which characterizes a society composed of a collection of extended small groups built around the family and enlarged by friends, neighbors, and colleagues, is opposed to the world of institutions and is conditioned by both history and culture. The authors consider it to be factor in social anomy.
Polskie fanki w męskim świecie kibiców — problemy badawcze, stan wiedzy i najważniejsze kategorie analizy
Authors: Jakubowska Honorata , Kossakowski Radosław , Antonowicz Dominik
Published: May 2021

Since the beginning of the 1990s, there has been a growth in the number of woman at soccer stadiums. These women are supporters not only of the national teams but also of local clubs. Although the stadium socialization of women, in which their identity is shaped through their connection with a club and integration in the fan community, is not a new phenomenon, particularly in western European countries, it has not yet been thoroughly studied, including in terms of women’s separate social roles. The authors’ aim is to present the broader context for the appearance of women in stadiums, with selected aspects of women’s fandom as described by western scholars. The authors also discuss what is known at present on the subject in Poland. This is not an exhaustive and multidimensional analysis, but only a signaling of certain interesting analytical categories; thus the ideas contained in the article are primarily of an exploratory nature, though based on empirical data.
Doświadczenia zmysłowe w życiu codziennym: autoetnografia wielozmysłowa
Authors: Rura Przemysław
Published: May 2021

The author presents a research approach that he defines as multisensory autoeth-nography. He proposes that it should be used for the study of sensory experiences ineveryday life, as an important aspect of micropractices. The article is composed of threeparts. In the first, the research context is described in reference to the tradition of thesociology of everyday life. The second part discussed the theoretical and methodolo-gical approaches that are the basis for autoethnography in general. The third part con-tains a description of the method proposed by the author. The three assumptions of themethod are (1) the personal experience of the researcher, (2) interpersonal commu-nication abilities, and (3) the attempt to grasp the fullest picture of the practices andsensory experiences of the researcher and the persons studied.
Nowa teoria moralności. Traktat o naturze ludzkiej i naturze podziałów międzyludzkich
Authors: Pańków Irena
Published: May 2021

The author takes Jonathan Haidt’s The Righteous Mind: Why Good People Are Divided by Politics and Religion as her departure point. She presents Haidt’s ideas and relates them to Polish social and political divisions and Polish “worldview wars.” In her opinion, Haidt’s book is a treatise on human nature and the nature of interhuman divisions. It is also the personal story of a researcher seeking answers to the question of whether moral thinking differs from other kinds of thought. Haidt reaches his conclusions by overcoming the cognitive boundaries resulting from the liberal worldview. In the end he states that worldview disputes and culture wars have not disappeared and will not disappear in systems of liberal democracy due to their moral foundations and lack of agreement as to what is and is not subject to moral judgment. The author of the review provides an optimistic conclusion though: understanding the mechanisms behind the culture wars provides an opportunity to understand the people who conduct those wars, including in Poland.
Nasza i (nie) wasza sprawa. O ziemiańskich i chłopskich narracjach o reformie rolnej
Authors: Wylegała Anna
Published: May 2021

This text contains a comparative analysis of gentry and peasant narratives about the agricultural reform conducted in Poland on the basis of the Polish Committee of National Liberation’s decree of September 6, 1944. The author sought these narratives in personal documents such as diaries, memoirs, works sent to memoir competitions, and oral history interviews. An analysis of the documents revealed, above all, an asymmetry between the narratives of the gentry and the peasants. For the former, the reform was a key biographical event, while in most of the peasant narratives it was marginal, particularly in the context of other elements of the experience of war and occupation. The points of convergence, in terms of what members of the peasantry and gentry write or say about the reform, are few. Moreover, while the peasants always appear in the narratives of the gentry, the gentry appear much more rarely in the narratives of the peasants. The narratives of the gentry are fairly cohesive and it would seem that they have become the basis for the creation of a collective memory of the gentry as a group. The peasant narratives are quite diverse. Their shape is the outcome of factors such as the narrator’s social and economic status before the war; the fact of being, or not being, a beneficiary of the reform; the narrator’s political engagement; the narrator’s party affiliation at the time of the reform; and the period of Poland’s postwar history when the narrative was written or spoken. The author’s findings reveal what image of the agricultural reform has been preserved in Poles’ memory.
Naród polski narodem chłopskim
Authors: Gołębiowski Bronisław
Published: May 2021

The author advances a thesis about the folk pedigree of the modern Polish nation. He sees the present shape of the nation in the history of Polish nationalism and proves that the long period after the nation’s loss of independence favored the nation’s image of itself as an nation “eternally faithful” to the Church, with a common religion, language, and customs. He emphasizes that the struggle for Polishness based on such a view of the nation was folk-oriented, egalitarian, and democratic, and that after the acquisition of statehood the country’s borders were decided by the Greater Poland and Silesian uprisings, which were popular in nature, and by the defeat of the Soviet offensive [sic!] in 1920, thanks to the engagement of the common people. In restored Poland, peasant groupings undertook many political initiatives; a government was formed and announced a revolutionary program for a democratic state. The parliamentary act on agricultural reform, the Constitution of March 1921, and elections according to the new constitution showed that the people’s and workers’ parties had acquired significant power. Thanks to this activeness, the new Polish nation had a peasant face. The author connects his thesis about the folk pedigree of the Polish nation with the present as well. He gives examples of cultural continuity and of the contributions made by classes of the common people. He views the forming middle class as a post-peasant level, unequipped with mature cultural capital but balancing between folk — mainly peasant — culture and mass culture.
Projekt radykalizacji reformacji: Ulricha Duchrowa teologiczna krytyka współczesnego porządku społecznego i politycznego
Authors: Kopiec Piotr
Published: May 2021

Ulrich Duchrow is one of the most influential contemporary Protestant theologians. He is the leader of a movement that describes itself as a radical reformation aiming to use the main principles of Protestant theology for a radical criticism of the contemporary socio-economic order. The author discusses the basic elements of Duchrow’s theology, and in particular his formulation of a European theology of liberation. The author also presents the radical reformation project and makes a detailed analysis of its 94 theses, which contain the project’s fundamental diagnoses and aims.
Biblioteki miejskie jako „miejsca trzecie” a deglomeracja kultury. Wnioski z badania sieci bibliotek miejskich w Krakowie
Authors: Gądecki Jacek
Published: May 2021

This text addresses the significance and potential of municipal libraries. The author considers the results of research conducted to evaluate the network of municipal libraries in Kraków (a UNESCO City of Literature) and to prepare a strategy for a new cultural institution, the Kraków Library. He considers libraries in terms of “place.” The notion of “place” here involves both the urban dimension of a library (that is, its role and location in the city space) and the architectural sense (its interior and attractiveness). He attaches great importance to a library’s city-forming and culture-forming roles, and to the social role of the library as a “third place,” a place that is neither home nor work and in which diverse participants can undertake joint activities.
Między nieudaną prowokacją a modelową integracją. O renesansie aktywizacji społecznej w wydaniu artystycznym
Authors: Krysiński Dawid , Banaś Jolanta
Published: May 2021

This article is based on an evaluation of the project “Entrance from the Courtyard,” which was conducted as part of the series of events connected with the European Capital of Culture Wrocław 2016. The aim was to mobilize local society through artistic activities. The authors consider the question of whether artistic activities, in association with an attempt at art education, could be an effective source of social activation. They also describe the conflicts resulting from tension between activation and education, and those elements of the activities that meant the beneficiaries of the project were not always the addressees of the activation. An evaluation has made it possible to show what types of artistic activities can favor overcoming difficulties, that is, what types can stimulate and maintain local social activeness. Creating a sense of agency is the way to the goal.
Czterdziestolatek po czterdziestu latach. Obraz lat siedemdziesiątych XX wieku czy inteligencki głos w sporze o przyszły kształt polskiego pola władzy?
Authors: Zarycki Tomasz , Warczok Tomasz
Published: May 2021

This article is an attempt at a fairly detailed analysis of the TV series Being Forty in its first version of the 1970s. The text proposes an interpretation of the film from the perspective of Pierre Bourdieu’s theory and in particular reconstructs the social sphere of the film’s protagonists, which consists of the intelligentsia elite, the nomenklatura, the lower intelligentsia, and medium-level technical personnel. In the picture produced by the filmmakers, the role of the intelligentsia, especially its multi-generational old elite, is dominant. This vision does not fully correspond with the real place of the intelligentsia in Poland during the Gierek era. The authors of the article thus interpret the film as the scriptwriters’ appreciation of the intelligentsia, both in respect to its lower technical staff and to the part of the nomenklatura that was less rich in cultural capital. The interpretative framework proposed in the text seems useful for analyzing other works of art in order to reconstruct the social relations of the times in which they were created.
A CASES OF ACUTE COLONIC PSEUDO-OBSTRUCTION LEADING TO CECAL PERFORATION POST LSCS CASE.
Authors: Khatri Rahul , Jain Bhoomika , Mhapankar Sabrina , Kumar Sushil
Published: May 2021

Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction is rare but not very un-common to nd post LSCS, if diagnosed late can
cause severe maternal morbidity and mortality. Surgical intervention is must if diagnosed late, and is
associated with long term morbidity to the patient. In this case, signs of bowel perforation were noted and laparotomy performed,
ndings suggestive of cecal perforation were seen. Although uncommon after a Caesarean section but diagnosis of Ogilvie’s
syndrome should be kept in mind.
DIAGNOSTIC ALTERNATIVES TO ENDOCOSPIC ULTRASOUND IN SUBEPITHELIAL LESIONS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Bertges Luiz Carlos , Ferreira Ana Paula , Bertges Klaus Ruback , Bertges Erika Ruback , Diogo Dornellas Izabella Paiva
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Subepithelial lesions are a challenge in clinical practice, often requiring a biopsy for a
proper diagnosis. Currently, the gold standard is an endocospic ultrasound, which is rarely available.
Objectives: Use a systematic review to check the effectiveness of the mucosal incision-assisted biopsy and assess whether it
can be an alternative to endocospic ultrasound.
Methods: The most relevant studies in the MedLine and SciELO databases were reviewed, and only randomized controlled
clinical trials (RCT) and meta-analyses were considered. The search strategy used the following combinations of keywords:
subepithelial lesion mucosal incision biopsy. The following terms were used to identify the study designs: clinical trials.
Results: Seven articles that demonstrated the usefulness of the study technique and diagnostic efcacy were included in the
scope of this review. This technique seems safe for biopsies. However, it is controversial for the resection of lesions. It has
limitations, such as being more time-consuming.
Conclusion: Mucosal incision-assisted biopsy can be considered useful in clinical practice and is still an effective technique
and an alternative to endocospic ultrasound
ASSESSMENT OF CLINICAL OUTCOME AND THEIR RISK FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH STROKE
Authors: Louis Dhanya Mary , P. S. Haripriya , Kumar Sah Sujit , Dhurappanavar Siddartha N
Published: May 2021

Globally, stroke is the second leading cause of mortality and disability. In india, 619000 in 9.4 million
deaths were due to stroke. There is paucity of information regarding the factors affecting clinical outcome
in stroke patients. This study aims to assess the risk factors associated with clinical outcomes in patients with stroke.
A prospective observational study was conducted in neurology unit of a tertiary care teaching hospital with a total of 80 patients
over a period of six months. During the study period, the subjects were followed till discharge to assesss the prescribing pattern
and clinical outcomes. The clinical outcomes were assessed using modied ranking scale (mRS), Glasgow coma scale (GCS)
and muscle power grading scale (MRC).
Among the study subjects, 48(60%) were male, 40(50%) were aged 60 years and above. Patients received an average of 10.38
drugs during hospital stay, in which 77 (96.25) were prescribed with atorvastatin and 35(43.75%) with heparin. A combination of
aspirin-clopidogrel was received by 70(87.5%). Total of 49(61.25%) patients had a good clinical outcome at the time of
discharge. Mortality rate during hospitalization was foud to be 5%.
The study concludes that factors such as age of 60 years and above, family history, polypharmacy, co-morbidities and length of
hospital stay contribute to a negative clinical outcome in stroke patients.