bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the potential of two-aged white spruce plantations for the production of sawlog volume with simulations using SORTIE-ND
Authors: St-Gelais Vincent , Béland Martin , Thiffault Nelson
Published: January 2021

The main objective for even-aged plantation (EAP) management of producing sawlog material has driven practices towards low initial planting densities and lower post thinning densities. For semi-shade tolerant species, the resulting stand density potentially leaves enough growing space for the introduction of a second cohort of trees in the understory, making it a two-aged plantation (TAP). TAPs could have many silvicultural benefits, especially in sensitive areas where intensive treatments associated with EAPs are incompatible with local management objectives. White spruce (Picea glauca) is a good candidate species for modeling TAPs because it is the most widely planted tree species in Canada and has proven tolerance to understory planting. SORTIE-ND, a single-tree spatially explicit growth model was used to explore the yield of variable density and rotation length scenarios when each white spruce cohort is introduced mid rotation, compared to traditional even-aged management. All TAP scenarios tested produced more sawlog volume and more merchantable volume than equivalent densities of EAPs. The lowest density tested, 400 stems ha-1 planted every 35 years, had the highest sawlog yields (3.23 m3 ha-1 yr-1). Considering smaller size products changes the optimum TAP scenario but maintains the advantage over EAPs.
The growth of one-year-old narrow-leaved ash seedlings is strongly related to the leaf area parameters
Authors: Kerkez Jankovic Ivona , Šijačić-Nikolić Mirjana , Nonić Marina , Devetaković Jovana
Published: January 2021

The leaf area of plant leave scan be considered as an indicator of the plant growth conditions, and its variability is usually associated with adaptation and response to the changing environment. The aim of this study is to investigate the relation of the leaf area parameters on growth of the narrow-leaved ash 1+0 seedlings from the nursery trial and determining variability between the 18 half-sib lines. The seedlings were obtained from seeds collected from 18 maternal trees found in the area of the special nature reserve Upper Danube Region. Ten randomly selected 1+0 seedlings per half-sib line were selected for further study, and all leaves per seedling were collected, herbarized and scanned. The leaf area of each leaf (LACL) was measured using an open-source image processing program – ImageJ, and the total leaf area per seedling (TLA) was calculated. Also, the number of leaves per plant (NCL) as well as the number of leaflets within each imparipinnate compound leaf (NLCL) were counted. The results showed that differences between studied attributes were statistically significant among 18 selected half-sib lines (p < 0.05). The most variable parameter was the total leaf area per seedling (TLA; CV=68.98%), which is strongly correlated to the leaf area per each leaf (LACL; r=0.95) and the number of leaflets (NLCL; r=0.94). In this study, we confirmed that leaf parameters were highly correlated to the growth of one-year-old Fraxinus angustifolia seedlings.
Irrigation in pine nurseries
Authors: South David B. , Nadel Ryan
Published: January 2021

This review provides information and opinions about irrigation practices in pine nurseries. Even when nurseries receive more than 15 mm of rainfall week-1, managers irrigate seedbeds to increase germination, increase seed efficiency, and increase root growth. In the southern United States, a 7-month old pine seedling in an outdoor nursery typically receives 2 to 6 kg of water supplied from either sprinklers (39 nurseries) or center-pivot irrigation (12 nurseries). Most nursery managers do not intentionally subject the crop to moisture stress, since most reforestation sites receive adequate rainfall, and many studies show that reducing root mass does not increase seedling performance. In fact, nursery profits can be reduced by more than $13,000 ha-1 when deficit irrigation reduces average seedling diameter by 1 mm. Although some researchers believe that failure to properly drought stress pine seedlings might increase outplanting mortality by up to 75%, research over the past 40 years does not support that myth. When pine seedlings average 5 mm (at the root-collar), water stress is not a reliable method of increasing tolerance to an October freeze event. In several greenhouse trials, researchers grew and tested seedlings that nursery managers would classify as culls (i.e., dry root mass < 0.5 g). Unfortunately, it is common for researchers to make irrigation recommendations without first developing a water-production function curve.
Serum Sickness Like Disease in Children
Authors: Güngörer Vildan , Yorulmaz Alaaddin , Yüksel Ayşe , Arslan Şükrü 
Published: January 2021

Serum sickness and serum sickness-like reactions are the type 3 hypersensitivity reactions that occur in the presence of culprit agents which can be an exogenous protein, drug, bacteria, virus. Clinical symptoms usually begin in 6-21 days after exposure to antigenic stimulation. Typical clinical findings are characterised as fever (10-20%), erythematous rash (95%), polyarthritis and / or polyarthralgia (10-50%), and lymphadenopathy (10-20%). There are no specific laboratory findings and diagnostic criteria for serum sickness-like reaction. Laboratory findings usually include leukocytosis, mildly increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and rarely proteinuria and hematuria. Even though there are no diagnostic criteria for serum sickness-like reaction, it can be diagnosed with the presence of fever, rash, arthritis-arthralgia, lymphadenopathy, myalgia which occurs in 1-2 weeks after exposure to an agent that can trigger the disease. Recommended or achieved a consensus for the treatment of the serum sickness-like reaction doesn’t occur and the information about this subject in the literature is limited by the authors’ case reports who share their experiences.
Effect of Internet-Based Rehabilitation Programs on Improvement of Pain and Physical Function in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Xie Su-Hang , Wang Qian , Wang Li-Qiong , Wang Lin , Song Kang-Ping , He Cheng-Qi
Published: January 2021

Background

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, debilitating, and degenerative joint disease. However, it is difficult for patients with knee OA to access conventional rehabilitation when discharging from the hospital. Internet-based rehabilitation is one of the promising telemedicine strategies to provide a means combining monitoring, guidance, and treatment for patients with knee OA.

Objective

The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis for assessing the effect of internet-based rehabilitation programs on pain and physical function in patients with knee OA.

Methods

Keywords related to knee OA and internet-based rehabilitation were systematically searched in the Web of Science, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Scopus, PEDro (Physiotherapy Evidence Database), CNKI, SinoMed, and WANFANG databases from January 2000 to April 2020. Only randomized controlled trials were included. The authors independently screened the literature. The main outcome measures were focused on pain and physical function. A meta-analysis was performed on the collected data. Review Manager (RevMan, version 5.3) was used for all analyses.

Results

The systematic review identified 6 randomized controlled trials, 4 of which were included in the meta-analysis, comprising a total of 791 patients with knee OA. The meta-analysis with the fixed-effects model showed that the internet-based rehabilitation programs could significantly alleviate the osteoarthritic pain for patients compared with conventional rehabilitation (standardized mean difference [SMD] –0.21, 95% CI  −0.4 to –0.01, P=.04). No significant difference was found in the improvement of physical function in patients with knee OA compared with conventional rehabilitation within 2 to 12 months (SMD –0.08, 95% CI −0.27 to 0.12, P=.43).

Conclusions

This systematic review shows that internet-based rehabilitation programs could improve the pain but not physical function for patients with knee OA. However, there was a very small number of studies that could be included in the review and meta-analysis. Thus, further studies with large sample sizes are warranted to promote the effectiveness of internet-based rehabilitation and to develop its personalized design.
Evaluasi Penggunaan Aspirin Jangka Panjang terhadap Fungsi Ginjal Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner
Authors: Yunita Ema Pristi , Hidayanti Puji Astuti Nur , Tjahjono Cholid Tri
Published: January 2021

Low-dose aspirin (75-100 mg/day) is a long-term platelet antiaggregation therapy for certain coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. This study aims to evaluate the long-term use of aspirin on kidney function by examining the changes in the levels of serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine clearance of CHD patients. The research method used was a prospective observational cohort analysis. The number of study subjects was 37 CHD patients who took 80 mg/day of aspirin and never experienced kidney disease. Serum creatinine and BUN levels were examined in the 1st and 3rd month of the study. Patient creatinine clearance values were calculated using the Cockcroft-Gault equation. The results of the study showed that the mean levels of serum creatinine, BUN, and creatinine clearance on the 1st and 3rd month were 1.03 ± 0.27 mg/dL and 1.03 ± 0.29 mg/dL; 13.05 ± 4.10 mg/dL and 14.65 ± 4.44 mg/dL; 73.16 ± 18.14 mL/min and 72.92 ± 19.76 mL/min, respectively. The paired t-test results showed that the differences in the mean of creatinine serum, BUN, and creatinine clearance on the 1st and 3rd month were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The One Way ANOVA test results on the effect of the duration of aspirin use on kidney function were also not statistically significant (p > 0.05) however there is a tendency to decrease creatinine clearance and increase in serum creatinine and BUN. Long-term use of low-dose aspirin has the potential to cause a decrease in kidney function that is seen from a decrease in creatinine clearance as well as an increase in serum creatinine and BUN.
Hubungan Drug Related Problems (DRPs) Obat Antidiabetika terhadap Ketercapaian Kendali Glikemik pada Pasien Rawat Inap Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 dengan Komplikasi Nyeri Neuropati
Authors: Bathari Anggraini Citra Ryshang , Rahmawati Fita , Sari Ika Puspita
Published: January 2021

Drug Related Problems (DRPs) associated with Type-2 Diabetes Melitus is commonly caused by multi drug prescription since Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus has comorbid dan complication diseases. Neuropathic pain has 50% prevalence of Type-2 diabetes Mellitus Complication. DRPs can cause can cause inadequate therapy that might be the risk factor leads to neuropathic pain. This study was aimed to investigate the association between drug related problems of antidiabetic medication with glicemic control of hospitalized type 2 diabetes melitus with neuropathic pain patients. Cohort-study is used in this study. 50 patients were conducted in this study that underwent Hospital treatment at Rumah Sakit Akademik Universitas Gadjah Mada during the periods of 2018-2019. This study involved 50 patients who were divided into groups that experienced DRPs by 36 patients and non DRPs by 14 patients. All of the 50 has meet the inclusions criterias. Statistical analysis was using Chi-square test 95% confidence interval (p < 0.05). A number of 38 DRPs have found consists of 26,3% need more therapy, 55,2% with wrong drug therapy, 18,4% inadequate dosing. There was an association between DRPs of antidiabetics regiments and glycemic target on Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus patients with neuropathic pain complication (p=0,005). Identification of DRPs is needed to prevent the negative effect of patient therapy outcomes.
Educational Video to Improve Glycemic Control of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Wulandari Nora , Viviandhari Daniek , Febriani Afi Seli
Published: January 2021

Glycemic control is a critical point in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The limited number of pharmacists in primary health care in Indonesia is one of the reasons that a simple alternative method is needed for managing T2DM patients. Objective: This study aimed to measure the effectiveness of an education diabetes video as a simple method of improving glycemic control of T2DM patients. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test study involving T2DM patients from one randomly selected public healthcare centre in East Jakarta. Glycated haemoglobin (A1C) levels were examined before and 12 weeks after the video intervention. Results: Thirty of T2DM patients enrolled in this study. The educational video was found to decrease the A1C level significantly (p = 0.001) from an average±SD of 7.930±1.262 to 5.517±0.614. Conclusions: This study found the educational was effective at improving the glycemic control of patients with T2DM. However, further investigation with control group still needed to confirm that the video that did it.
Uji Perbandingan Antibiotik Profilaksis Ceftriaxone versus Cefazolin pada Bedah Obstetri dan Ginekologi
Authors: Rahayu Asri , Rahmawati Fita , Andayani Tri Murti , Siradjuddin Ammar
Published: January 2021

Surgical site infection (SSI) is the most common complication in postoperative surgical patients which is associated with high morbidity, mortality, and cost burden. These complications can be prevented by giving proper prophylactic antibiotics. Cefazolin is a recommended prophylactic antibiotic, but in the practice in Indonesia hospital, there are still many uses of ceftriaxone. This study aimed to compare the clinical outcome and safety of cefazolin and ceftriaxone as prophylactic antibiotics in preventing SSI in obstetric and gynecological surgical patients. The study design was double-blind randomized controlled trial. The data collection was conducted from January to June 2020 at dr. Dradjat Prawiranegara Regional Hospital Serang. A total of 82 subjects who met the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups by block randomization, 41 subjects were given cefazolin and 41 subjects were given ceftriaxone. The clinical outcome was measured by preventing SSI for the effectiveness and side effects for safety outcomes in both groups. The comparison of effectiveness and side effects were analyzed using the bivariate test (chi-square or fisher’s exact test) and relative risk (RR). The study showed that the effectiveness of cefazolin was the same as ceftriaxone in preventing SSI for 30 days (RR= 0.89; p= 0.724; 95%CI: 0,193-3,133) with the number of SSI 12.2% vs 9.8%. Side effects included nausea, vomiting, and phlebitis was observed in the administration of antibiotic by intravenous push (IVP) pre-operating.  Cefazolin have safetier than ceftriaxone with the incidence of side effects were 9.8% vs 29.3% ((RR = 0,33; p= 0.003; 95% CI: 0.076-0.895).  Cefazolin is an antibiotic recommended by Indonesian Ministry of Health and the Association of Obstetrics and Gynecology.  This study encourages the use of cefazolin to prevent resistance due to ceftriaxone to overuse.
Preparation, Characterization, and Wound Healing Activity of Papaya Leaves Extract on Spray Gel
Authors: Wijaya Dina Permata , Herlina Herlina , Fitri Najma Annuria , Mardiyanto Mardiyanto , Mustikasanti Mustikasanti , Firnando Firnando
Published: January 2021

Papaya leaves have been using for wound healing that contains flavonoids, saponins, phenolics, chymopapain, and papain enzymes. The aim of this research were preparation, characterization, and wound healing activity of papaya leaves extract on spray gel. Spray gel was formulated with variation of gelling agent such as carbopol 940, HPMC, gellan gum, and hydroxyethylcellulose. The spray gel were characterizated by organoleptic, pH, stickiness test, viscosity, homogeneity, weight, and wound healing activity in rats. The results showed were all of formula spray gel have brown and homogeneous, pH between 5,947-6,347 within pH range of skin, stickiness test between 1,92-8,12 s, viscosity between 880-1740 cPs. Papaya leaves extract on spray gel has wound healing activity in rats faster than extract and positive control that is 16 days. The wound healing of papaya leaves extract on spray gel exhibited significantly different (p<0,05) than negative control.
Locus and Focus of Third Sector in Development of Nepal
Authors: Khadka Gopal
Published: January 2021

After state and market, NGO regards as third sector in the field of development. NGO produce positive impact on all dimension in marginalized society of developing country like Nepal. To assess the status of non-governmental organization of Nepal in provincial and district level and to identify their prospects and challenges, this article is prepared as the title “locus and focus of third sector in development of Nepal”. It is mainly based on the secondary data of social welfare council, Nepal. Information regarding objectives was collected through various search engines by simple literature review. The status of I/NGO is found unequal at provincial and district level in Nepal. Bagmati province is in top-most position in terms of number of NGO followed by province-2 and province-1. Karnali province is lowest position in terms of number of NGO followed by Sudur Paschim province and Gandaki province. Federalism requires balance development in intra-province and inter-provinces. Being a vehicle of foreign donors to channel their help to the marginalized communities, I/NGO must play effective roles to solve the problem of people neglected by state and market. The joint efforts of all development partners including I/NGO are mandatory to meet financial sustainability and balanced development in Nepal. The governance system transformed from unitary to federal structure in Nepal. Local, provincial, and federal level governments are facing huge resource gaps to perform their roles and responsibilities. The role and responsibility of development partner including I/NGO are vital to fulfilling these gaps. Easy registration process and weak monitoring system of government as well as lack of transparency in I/NGO are the notable issues to address without delay. To meet national commitment “Prosperous Nepal, Happy Nepali” and to fulfill the target of sustainable development goals, joint efforts of all sector like state, market ,I/NGO, cooperative , private sector, international community are mandatory with the visionary and coordinating leadership of federal government of Nepal.
Problemas actuales de la economía informal. Desventajas de una definición generalista del empleo informal para sociedades desequilibradas
Authors: Masello Diego
Published: January 2021

El presente trabajo intenta demostrar algunas simplificaciones existentes en el análisis del empleo informal, donde no se distingue dentro de esta categoría conceptual dos problemas diferentes, tanto por su naturaleza como por las implicancias que tiene al implementarse políticas públicas. En segundo término, se procederá a analizar esta confusión, mostrando que a través de un solo indicador (empleo informal) se caracteriza tanto el empleo no registrado proveniente de empresas modernas de la economía como de aquel que proviene de las empresas del sector informal. Cabe señalar que, dentro de los países latinoamericanos, el fenómeno del sector informal o de la informalidad estructural se observa con intensidad debido a la característica particular de la dualidad que asume la estructura socioproductiva, combinando sectores atrasados en términos productivos con sectores de productividad moderna.
Por lo tanto, el propósito general del artículo está centrado en contribuir a una mejor comprensión de lo que involucra conceptualmente la noción de empleo informal o trabajo no registrado. Para ello se pondrán a prueba dos hipótesis. La primera, que la no diferenciación estructural de la informalidad influiría de tal modo que no permitiría un diagnóstico preciso sobre el origen del problema y, aimismo, sobre las políticas más adecuadas para afrontarlo. Y, segunda, que la evolución del empleo informal, o trabajo no registrado, evidenciaría un comportamiento diferencial según el tipo de inserción estructural de las unidades productivas que lo contienen.
Entre blanquitud y negritud: los procesos identitarios en los ministriles (Estados Unidos, 1840-1930)
Authors: Sánchez Menchero Mauricio
Published: January 2021

El artículo reflexiona sobre los conceptos de enfoque, blanquitud y negritud, aplicados al estudio de las identidades y dinámicas culturales desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta principios del XX en los Estados Unidos. Para ello, se compara la integración a la joven nación que llevaron a cabo tanto los inmigrantes europeos como la población negra marginada en una sociedad capitalista y blanca. Así, la cultura afroamericana en medio de una situación de pobreza y explotación supo resistir y preservar, por ejemplo, a través de expresiones musicales y bailables de los llamados ministriles. Por su parte, la migración europea, particularmente la comunidad judía, con el fin de granjearse la aprobación y el sustento, asumió la tarea de apropiarse y representar los roles de los afroamericanos a través del disfraz y la pintura. Finalmente, ambas poblaciones, blanca y negra, supieron utilizar, con diferentes estrategias, la tradición teatral de los ministriles y luego el cine como expresiones culturales identitarias.
Bosquejo para una historia estructural de la aceleración capitalista
Authors: Cristiano Javier Luis
Published: January 2021

Entre los análisis de la transformación de las estructuras temporales de la modernidad la idea de aceleración ocupa un lugar prominente, donde el trabajo de Hartmut Rosa es la refe- rencia principal, pues ha esbozado una teoría sistemática en donde la aceleración se conecta con variables explicativas conformando una tendencia sociológicamente discernible. El objetivo de este artículo es profundizar ese análisis, puntualmente en la conexión que Rosa establece entre aceleración y capitalismo. A fin de analizar ese vínculo como un movimiento tendencial de la sociedad moderna, se procede, primer, a precisar las relaciones formales entre la lógica del capital, tal como fue analizada por Marx, y la aceleración de concretos y fundamentales procesos sociales. Después, se trata de mostrar el modo en que esas relaciones lógicas se han desplegado en la historia larga del capitalismo, apelando para ello a conceptos y a material empírico proveniente de la escuela francesa de la regulación. Con ello se obtiene un bosquejo de historia estructural de la aceleración que, además de precisar y desarrollar con medios no habituales la teoría de Rosa, tiene valor poten- cial para análisis históricos y conceptuales más específicos.
La radicalización de la modernidad. Ideas y debates de la Francia contemporánea
Authors: Curzio Leonardo
Published: January 2021

Este artículo conjunta dos tradiciones argumen- tativas que nutren la teoría política: la que se construye a partir de la lectura empática y analítica de grandes teóricos y la que da cuerpo al ensayo riguroso y convocante del encuentro entre pensador y texto, en este caso del intelectual francés Pierre Rosanvallon. Aquí se exponen y analizan ejes temáticos y problemáticas centrales de la obra de este historiador, a la luz de sus propias premisas conceptuales, configuradas en un permanente interlocución con científicos sociales y filósofos con los que ha dialogado. Pluralismo teórico y originalidad definen a este autor. A su vez, su pensamiento se contextualiza con los desarrollos sociales, políticos y culturales que permiten ponderar las propias visiones y diagnósticos de Rosanvallon.
Evaluación de la profundidad de recursión de la solución analítica de la ecuación de Colebrook-White en la exactitud de la predicción del factor de fricción
Authors: Olivares Gallardo Alan Paulo , Guerra Rojas Rodrigo Alejandro , Alfaro Guerra Marco Antonio
Published: January 2021

La ecuación de Colebrook, más conocida como ecuación de Colebrook-White, es valorada por su exactitud en la predicción del factor de fricción en tuberías cilíndricas en zona de flujo turbulento y por ello, es ampliamente utilizada en el cálculo de pérdidas de carga. Esta ecuación es implícita y debe ser resuelta utilizando métodos numéricos o mediante aproximaciones como la función W de Lambert. En 2015, Mikata y Walczak, propusieron una solución analítica exacta de la ecuación del factor de fricción que presenta una estructura recursiva, por lo que la búsqueda de la solución exacta de la ecuación de Colebrook requiere mucho tiempo y consume importantes recursos computacionales. Por esta razón, en este trabajo se muestra el nivel de exactitud en el cálculo del factor de fricción, representado por el error obtenido al implementar la solución analítica en función de la profundidad de recursión “n”, para lo que se desarrolló una macro de Excel en lenguaje VBA. La originalidad del presente trabajo corresponde a la evaluación de la exactitud en la predicción del factor de fricción, en el rango de uso práctico de la ecuación en ingeniería considerando valores de rugosidad relativa de 10-1 a 10-6 y valores del número de Reynolds de 104 a 108, lo que genera una matriz de análisis que contiene 839.937 datos. Como resultado del análisis realizado se puede concluir que la precisión de la solución de la ecuación de Colebrook depende de la profundidad de recursión, llegando a un máximo error relativo de 5,369E-08% para una profundidad de recursión de n=10.
Identification of Primary Container of Aedes Mosquitoes Breeding Site in Urban Region of Dengue Endemic Area, Purwokerto Indonesia
Authors: Wijayanti Siwi Pramatama Mars , Octaviana Devi , Nurlaela Sri
Published: January 2021

Dengue prevention and control more reliant on reducing its vector,  Aedes sp. mosquitoes by mosquito breeding nest eradication method. Therefore, identification of the primary container of the Aedes sp. breeding site particularly in the urban region of dengue-endemic area is a crucial effort to conduct an effective dengue prevention program. This research aimed to identify the primary container of the Aedes sp. breeding site in the urban region of the dengue-endemic area. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, located in an urban region of dengue-endemic area within Banyumas Regency of Central Java Indonesia. A total of 300 houses in three urban areas were observed in urban areas of Purwokerto namely Arcawinangun, Purwanegara, and Karangpucung (100 houses each area). A total of 1504 water-holding containers were observed. All container was observed and recorded the type, color, lid condition, position, and the presence of mosquito larvae. The analysis was conducted by calculating the percentage of types, color, lid condition, and position of the container also the presence of mosquito larvae. The result of this study highlighted that flower pots and bathtubs were the primary types of containers with Aedes sp. larvae in the urban area. The characteristics of larvae-positive containers mostly open, bright, and located indoor position. Dengue prevention efforts by targeting the primary types of containers for mosquito breeding are expected to reduce the adult mosquito population.
ENTRE O BEM E A GLÓRIA: SUPER-HERÓIS COMO MODELO ÉTICO E POLÍTICO
Authors: Coelho Heitor
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo pretende expor e analisar algumas características dos modelos éticos e políticos de conduta dos super-heróis. Para tanto, procura oferecer um contraste entre eles e os heróis dos épicos homéricos. Após enfatizar a importância dessas figuras e da obra de Homero para a educação dos gregos antigos, realiza uma breve análise dos valores que regem as ações dos personagens mais notáveis dos épicos, tais como Aquiles, Odisseu e Heitor, a partir da qual podemos ressaltar, pela comparação, uma diferença e uma semelhança entre esses heróis e os super-heróis. Recorrendo à noção de justiça em Platão e, posteriormente, à teoria da ação de Hannah Arendt, o artigo procura articular a aparente contradição entre essas duas características – a busca da excelência e a rejeição à glória – analisando a primeira aparição do Superman e os filmes Batman - O Início e Batman: Cavaleiro das Trevas. Dessa análise conclui-se que a identidade secreta, expressão mais típica desses impulsos antagônicos, ao menos nesses casos tão paradigmáticos, resolve a contradição, ou ao menos a suspende, por meio da marginalização do super-herói. Ao final, o artigo sugere possíveis novas análises que caminhem em sentido semelhante.
Wild canids as hosts for ticks and tick-borne zoonotic pathogens in Serbia
Authors: Sukara Ratko , Mihaljica Darko , Veinovic Gorana , Cirovic Dusko , Tomanovic Snezana
Published: January 2021

Wild canids are recognized as important reservoir hosts for several
vector-borne pathogens and are a good sentinel species for epidemiological
surveillance. Identifying the reservoir hosts for particular zoonotic
pathogens in a specific area enables the implementation of adequate measures
in order to prevent the occurrence of zoonotic diseases in humans and
domestic animals. The present review aims to summarize the role of wild
canids in the epidemiology of tick-borne zoonoses in Serbia based on
previously published papers and to discuss the available data from an
epidemiological point of view. The results of previously published studies
indicate that wild canids are potential reservoir hosts for several zoonotic
tick-borne pathogens in Serbia, and hosts for several tick species which are
proven competent vectors. Based on molecular studies conducted so far, the
presence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, was confirmed in jackals while the
presence of Candidatus Neoehrlichia micurensis (FU98), Borrelia burgdorferi
sensu stricto, Borrelia garinii, and Borrelia lusitaniae was proven by PCR
in analyzed red foxes. There is a need for continuous epidemiological
monitoring of diseases caused by pathogens previously confirmed in wild
canids. Also, further research is needed to reveal the role of other wild
and domestic animals in the epidemiology of tick-borne zoonoses in Serbia.
Evaluation of the joint based on different surface conditions for aluminum-polyamide laser welding
Authors: Amne Elahi Mahdi , Koch Marcus , Plapper Peter
Published: January 2021

Laser welding is one of the most promising joining techniques to realize hybrid joints between metals and polymers in order to achieve weight reduction and functionalization of the parts. The surface treatment of the metal has a decisive effect on the joint quality and thus on the mechanical properties. In the present study, different mechanical and laser-based surface treatments have been investigated to develop diverse surface conditions on aluminum. Abrasive blasting and laser ablation were used to increase the surface roughness, while abrasive polishing and laser polishing were applied to minimize the surface roughness. In contrast to abrasive surface treatments, laser-based ones were implemented to create artificial oxide layers on the aluminum surface. The surface structures of pretreated samples have been studied with scanning electron microscopy and roughness test. The laser welding of pretreated aluminum with polyamide was achieved with the heat conduction joining technique. To enlarge the welding area and control the heat input, spatial and temporal modulations of the laser beam were implemented. Finally, a single lap tensile-shear test, microscopic analysis of fractured surfaces, and welding cross sections were employed to evaluate the joints. Results show that the presence of an artificial aluminum oxide layer and low roughness are essential to achieve a superior joint between aluminum and polyamide (improvement of approximately 58% in the shear load of the joint compared to as-received welded samples). The cross section of the superior joint which is the laser-polished aluminum welded to polyamide is studied with transmission electron microscopy.
Isolasi dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Metanol Dari Buah Senduduk Bulu (Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don)
Authors: Fadhli Haiyul , Ikhtiarudin Ihsan , Lestari Putri
Published: January 2021

A study on isolation and antioxidant activity of secondary metabolit of methanol extract of fruit of Senduduk Bulu (Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don) has been carried out. Senduduk bulu is used for folk medicine to many diseases. Flavonoid and phenolic has been reported to its activity as antioxidant. The aim of this research was to find antioxidant compound and antioxidant activity of this fruit. Isolation works were conducted using Vacuum Liquid Chromatography and Column Chromatography method. Antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH free radical scavenging methods. The isolation works afforded 10 mg of pure compound CHP1 which was obtained as white crystal, with its melting point of 165–167ºC, soluble in chloroform and slightly soluble in methanol. This compound gave positive reaction with Liebermann-Burchard (LB) reagent and concluded as terpenoid. Based on it UV spectrum, this compound showed a λ max of 316 nm. Its FT-IR spectrum showed appearence of some functional groups of OH, C-H aliphatic, C=O ester,C=C alkene, CH bending and C-O. The 1H-NMR spectrum showed the alkene protons and methyl protons which is a characteristic of terpenoid compounds. The pure compound (CHP1) provided a weak antioxidant activity with the IC50  of 327,01µg/mL.
The Sufi Phenomenology of Love Based on the Thoughts of Rabia Al-Adawiyya and Edith Stein
Authors: BUNYADZADE KONUL
Published: January 2021

This article contributes to research on the consideration of the phenomenon of Love through a comparison of the thoughts of Sufi thinker Rabia al-Adawiyya (713-801) and phenomenological philosopher Edith Stein (1891-1942). The author studies the poems of Rabia and the final work of Edith Stein, where she discussed her views on divine love, “Science of Cross”. The main aim of the article is a search for the crossing point between Sufism and Phenomenology. The author considers three stages of phenomenological reduction: faith, hope and love. First, the heart is considered as a noematic core and the result of epoché. The second part of the article is an investigation into the second stage of phenomenological reduction, hope, which is studied as a transition between rational and irrational thoughts. In the third part of the article, divine love is investigated as a process of perfection in Sufism and of phenomenological reduction in phenomenology. In conclusion, the essence of love is presented on the basis of Sufi phenomenology, where the principles of Sufism and phenomenology are in contact. In other words, the consideration of love is a method of representing Sufi phenomenology as a new philosophical doctrine.
Analisis Standard Hotel Mesra Muslim di Malaysia Berdasarkan Perspektif Maqasid Syariah
Authors: YAHAYA MOHAMMAD ZAINI , SAMSUDIN MUHAMMAD ADIB , MOHD KASHIM MOHD IZHAR ARIFF
Published: January 2021

Malaysia is far advanced in introducing the Muslim friendly hotel segment as an Islamic tourism product. Malaysian hoteliers refer to three standards when offering Muslim friendly hotel services, which are namely the MS 2610: 2015 Muslim Friendly Hospitality Services Requirements, Crescent Rating Standard and Salam Standard. Moreover, CrescentRating Standard and Salam Standard have become standards for assessing Muslim friendly hotels at the international level. This study evaluated these standards in terms of their adherence to the Maqasid Syariah principle. Criteria for fulfilling these standards were presented and analyzed according to the five kulliyyat found in the Maqasid Syariah, such as protection of religion, life, intelect, lineage and wealth. Findings show that these standards strongly emphasize criteria related to safeguarding religion, such as performing prayers and fasting; safeguarding lives, such as consuming halal food; safeguarding the mind, such as abstaining from consuming alcohol beverages as well as safeguarding familial lineage, such as separating individuals according to their gender in swimming pools and spas. However, safeguarding lives, from the self-security aspect, and safeguarding property were not part of the criteria that determines the standards even though both these criteria are the fundamental needs of hotel guests. The failure to include these criteria has made these standards lose their holistic nature as well as become incapable of becoming evaluating standards that are completely detached from contemporary conventional standards.
Rebranding Equality: Malaysia’s Progress on Women’s Rights Advocacy
Authors: NIK SALEH NIK SALIDA SUHAILA , WAN ISMAIL WAN ABDUL FATTAH , ABDUL SHUKUR SYAHIRAH
Published: January 2021

Even though equality has been described as a simple concept, its meanings and principles have not been properly understood by the public. Similar treatment might not have a value of neutrality because, once the right to equality is related to and enforced by laws, its objectivity and impartiality can be challenged. The Malaysian government is making progress towards a safer and more equal environment for women and girls following the proposed new or amended legislation. These includes the anti-stalking law, the Sexual Harassment Act, and ending child marriage. Furthermore, the establishment of a Select Committee on Rights and Gender Equality in Parliament have been considered as a good step forward for equality. Indeed, implementation of policies such as childcare facilities in government offices as well as encouraging the private sector to follow suit are good moves towards creating more opportunities and encouraging the participation of women in the workforce. This paper explores the conceptual understanding of ‘equality’ globally and from the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence. This reflection is in line with Islamic belief that needs to reform the understanding of society based on the suggestion of Al-Quran and Islamic scholars. With this interpretation, this paper will explore Malaysia’s progress in empowering women and gender equality. Finally, this paper will suggest a way forward for Malaysia to empower women that have been marginalized and subordinated
Minat Belajar pada Mata Pelajaran Sosiologi Siswa Berlatarbelakang Broken Home di SMA Adabiah Padang
Authors: Ernando Angga , Junaidi Junaidi
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh hasil belajar siswa berlatarbelakang broken home di SMA Adabiah Padang. Dari hasil ujian semester ganjil TP 2019/2020 menunjukkan ada lima orang siswa berlatarbelakang broken home yang mencapai nilai batas KKM (Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal). Hal tersebut menjadi kasus khusus karena sama-sama kita ketahui bahwa anak dari keluarga broken home sering dicap negatif dan kurang berminat dalam belajar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Pemilihan informan dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan siswa berlatarbelakang broken home berminat dalam belajar. Pertama, motivasi dari keluarga inti yang menyebabkan siswa berlatarbelakang broken home memiliki minat dalam belajar. Kedua, memiliki ambisi dalam menggapai cita-cita, perencanaan masa depan yang jelas membuat siswa berlatarbelakang broken home memiliki minat dalam belajar karena tahu harus menggapai cita-cita yang direncanakan. Ketiga, pembuktian jati diri menyebabkan siswa berlatarbelakang broken home tidak ingin diremehkan oleh orang lain karena kondisi keluarganya.
Community Empowerment Through PKW Handicraft Recycling of Waste Becomes A Souvenir in Kampung KB Bangau Putih
Authors: Putri Debbi Eka , Aini Wirdatul
Published: January 2021

This research is motivated by the success of the community in the KB village in making recycled waste handicrafts into souvenirs so that these handicrafts can support the family economy and improve the community's economy. The success of this activity is the ability of the instructor and manager of PKBM Farilla Ilmi in empowering the community. In this activity, the residents of KB village can to get the proceeds from the sale of waste recycling crafts of approximately Rp. 500,000 a month. This study aims to describe community empowerment through PKW crafts to recycle waste into souvenirs seen from the aspects of knowledge, aspects of skills, and aspects of mental attitudes. The research approach is qualitative, with the type of research is a case study. Sources of data in this study consisted of mothers from the KB Bangau Putih village as research subjects and instructors and managers as research informants. The data collection techniques used were interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analysis technique used was data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. The data validity technique used source triangulation. The results of this study indicate that community empowerment through PKW crafts for recycling waste into souvenirs is very good, this can be seen from: (1) Aspects of knowledge obtained from the results that community empowerment through PKW recycled crafts into souvenirs can be seen increasing public knowledge about processing waste into useful items. (2) In the aspect of skills, the results show that community empowerment through PKW crafts to recycle waste into souvenirs shows that people's skills in processing waste have increased. (3) the mental attitude aspect obtained from community empowerment through PKW handicraft recycling of waste into souvenirs can be seen from forming a mental attitude of people who care and are confident about what they do.Keywords: Empowerment, Waste Recycling Crafts, Kampung KB Bangau Putih
Using Youtube in Make Up Training by Citizens Learned in PKBM Sahabat Kampung Ladang Kecamatan Nan Sabaris District
Authors: Husna Mardiyatul , Jamna Jamaris
Published: January 2021

This research is motivated by the high interest and participation of participants in the Make-up training. It is suspected that participants still need Youtube media to support learning outcomes in terms of performance, management of the learning environment, and implementation of learning evaluation. This type of research is quantitative descriptive with a population of 32 participants and a sample of 32 participants using total random sampling technique. The data collection tool used was a questionnaire with percentage calculation data analysis. The research results show the following. First, the implementation of YouTube use and make-up training by learning citizens at PKBM Sahabat, seen from the aspect of preparation, were carried out well. Second, the implementation of the use of YouTube and make-up training by learning citizens at PKBM Sahabat, seen from the implementation aspect, was well implemented. Third, the implementation of the use of YouTube and make-up training by learning citizens at PKBM Sahabat, seen from the aspect of assessment, was carried out well. Researchers suggest that tutors in make-up training at PKBM Sahabat should give awards or rewards to learning citizens who have succeeded well and satisfactorily after the assessment of the make-up training is carried out.Keyword: youtube, make up, training
KRITIK WACANA “ALLAH PERLU DIBELA” : TINJAUAN ULANG ATAS QS. MUHAMMAD AYAT 7 DAN Q. AL-HAJJ AYAT 40
Authors: Royyani Izza , Kumalasari Aziza
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis article tries to review the understanding of Qs. Al-Hajj verses 40 and QS. Muhammad verse 7. From the verse quotation literally, Allah will reward those who help Him, concerning helping Allah Is this illustrated here as a favor to ordinary people? When should God need help? So it is necessary to emphasize the phrase ".... people who help His religion ..." in some classical and modern interpretations of the literature, so as to get a comprehensive description of the verse. In addition, this study uses the ma'na cum maghza approach initiated by Sahiron Syamsudin, the author tries to explore the meaning to be conveyed in the verse, both literally (ma'na) and its significance (maghza) in this modern era, so that a new discourse is formed to achieve peace in religion for the sake of mutual benefit in the midst of a plural society. The author gets the substance that what is meant to help God is about the delivery of truth, understanding pluralism in religion and enforcement of the teachings of Islam.AbstrakArtikel ini mencoba untuk meninjau ulang pemahaman atas Qs. Al-Hajj ayat 40 dan QS. Muhammad ayat 7. Dari kutipan ayat tersebut secara literalis Allah akan memberikan imbalan bagi siapa yang menolong-Nya, perihal menolong Allah disini apakah diilustrasikan sebagai tolong-menolong pada manusia biasa? Kapan sekiranya Allah perlu ditolong? Sehingga perlu untuk menegaskan kalimat “....orang yang menolong agama-Nya....” dalam beberapa literatur kitab tafsir klasik dan modern, sehingga mendapatkan deskripsi ayat yang komprehensif. Selain itu penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan ma’na cum maghza yang digagas oleh Sahiron Syamsudin. Penulis mencoba menelusuri makna yang hendak disampaikan dalam ayat tersebut, baik secara literal (ma’na) dan signifikansinya (maghza) pada era modern ini, sehingga terbentuk wacana baru untuk mencapai perdamaian dalam beragama demi kemaslahatan bersama di tengah-tengah masyarakat plural. Penulis mendapatkan substansi bahwa yang dimaksud menolong Allah adalah perihal penyampaian kebenaran, paham pluralisme dalam beragama dan penegakkan terhadap ajaran-ajaran agama Islam.Kata Kunci: QS. Al-Hajj: 40, QS. Muhammad: 7, Ma’na cum Maghza.
The Relationship between Self Efficacy and Environmental Literacy in Pollution and Environmental Changes Learning Material
Authors: Rosdiana Rani , Maknun Djohar , Roviati Evi
Published: January 2021

The purposes of this research were examining students' self-efficacy in pollution and environmental change learning; assessing the level of students' environmental literacy in pollution and environmental change learning, and analyzing the relationship between self-efficacy and environmental literacy in pollution and environmental change learning. The sample was determined using the purposive sampling technique. This research was a descriptive quantitative research with a single paradigm correlation design. The data collection techniques used were tests, questionnaires, and documentation. The results showed that students’ self-efficacy was in the strong category with an average score of 73; students’ environmental literacy was in the moderate category with an average score of 60. 2. The correlational value between self-efficacy and environmental literacy was 0.572 in the moderate category. The correlational value of the two variables was in a positive direction. Good self-efficacy tends to produce good environmental literacy.
The Problems and Alternative Solutions for the Implementation of Entrepreneurship Education in the Higher Education: A Literature Review
Authors: Adnan Gunawan , Lailatussaadah Lailatussaadah , Bin Jamil Asyraf Isyraqy , Jannah Misbahul , Muslim Buhori , Erfiati Erfiati
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to find some problems in implementing entrepreneurship education at higher education (university). The method used in this study was the literature review by searching articles on electronics journal database. The databases used in this study were Jstor, Sage, Proquest, Elsevier, Emerald, Insight, Springer Plus, and Google Scholars from 2003 to October 2019. Fifteen articles were found using five keywords: entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurial, unemployment, job seeker, and job creator. The data were analyzed by collecting the related articles, reducing them based on the topic discussion, displaying the data, and concluding.  It was found that there were some problems faced during the implementation of entrepreneurship education. Thus, it can be concluded that the bigger the problem in the implementation of entrepreneurship education, the more extensive necessitate for the alternative formula. It is urged that further studies be conducted to expose more detailed comparisons between the problems found within the country and abroad. This action is considered as the foundation of a better service.