bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flavonoids as Multi-Target Compounds: A Special Emphasis on their Potential as Chemo-adjuvants in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Namdeo Ajay G. , Boddu Sai H.S. , Amawi Haneen , Ashby Charles R. , Tukaramrao Diwakar B. , Trivedi Piyush , Babu R. Jayachandra , Tiwari Amit K.
Published: January 2020

:

Flavonoids are low molecular weight, polyphenolic phytochemicals, obtained from secondary metabolism of various plant compounds. They have a spectrum of pharmacological efficacies, including potential anticancer efficacy. Natural flavonoids are present in fruits, vegetables, grains, bark, roots, stems, flowers, tea and wine. Flavonoids can attenuate or inhibit the initiation, promotion and progression of cancer by modulating various enzymes and receptors in diverse pathways that involve cellular proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis and metastasis. Furthermore, in vitro, flavonoids have been shown to reverse multidrug resistance when used as chemo-adjuvants. Flavonoids (both natural and synthetic analogues) interact with several oncogenic targets through dependent and independent mechanisms to mediate their anticancer efficacy in different types of cancer cells.
Liposomes: Novel Drug Delivery Approach for Targeting Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Kumar Bhumika , Pandey Mukesh , Pottoo Faheem H. , Fayaz Faizana , Sharma Anjali , Sahoo P.K.
Published: January 2020

Parkinson’s disease is one of the most severe progressive neurodegenerative disorders, having a mortifying
effect on the health of millions of people around the globe. The neural cells producing dopamine in the
substantia nigra of the brain die out. This leads to symptoms like hypokinesia, rigidity, bradykinesia, and rest
tremor. Parkinsonism cannot be cured, but the symptoms can be reduced with the intervention of medicinal drugs,
surgical treatments, and physical therapies. Delivering drugs to the brain for treating Parkinson’s disease is very
challenging. The blood-brain barrier acts as a highly selective semi-permeable barrier, which refrains the drug
from reaching the brain. Conventional drug delivery systems used for Parkinson’s disease do not readily cross the
blood barrier and further lead to several side-effects. Recent advancements in drug delivery technologies have
facilitated drug delivery to the brain without flooding the bloodstream and by directly targeting the neurons. In
the era of Nanotherapeutics, liposomes are an efficient drug delivery option for brain targeting. Liposomes
facilitate the passage of drugs across the blood-brain barrier, enhances the efficacy of the drugs, and minimize the
side effects related to it. The review aims at providing a broad updated view of the liposomes, which can be used
for targeting Parkinson’s disease.
In-vitro Release Evaluation of Growth Hormone from an Injectable In-Situ Forming Gel Using PCL-PEG-PCL Thermosensitive Triblock
Authors: Khodaverdi Elham , Delroba Khadijeh , Mohammadpour Fatemeh , Khameneh Bahman , Sajadi Tabassi Sayyed A. , Tafaghodi Mohsen , Kamali Hossein , Hadizadeh Farzin
Published: January 2020

Objective:

An injectable long acting In-Situ Forming Gel (ISFG) of human Growth Hormone
(hGH) was prepared by using triblock PCL-­‐PEG-­‐PCL
(Mw 1500-1500-1500). Ring-Opening Polymerization
(ROP) of triblock using microwave was applied.

Methods:

The BCA protein assay Kit was used to determine the concentration of hGH in the in-vitro
release medium. Finally, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE)
tests and Circular Dichroism (CD) spectrum were done to approve the stability of released hGH. The
result of ROP demonstrated that the proportion of PCL to PEG accorded with the initial molar ratio of
the monomers. The cross-section of the Surface Electron Microscopy (SEM) indicated the porous
framework of the hydrogel could load the drug into its tridimensional matrixes structure. There is the
low initial burst release of hGH from the supramolecular hydrogel.

Results:

The maximum in-vitro release of hGH was 71.2 % ± 1.5 that were due to hGH degrading after
this time (21 days). The CD spectrum and SDS-PAGE results confirmed the stability of hGH during invitro
release evaluation.

Conclusion:

The results suggest that the sustained-release formulation using PCL-PEG-PCL can be
applied to control the release of hGH.
PEGylation and Cell-Penetrating Peptides: Glimpse into the Past and Prospects in the Future
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Singh Devender , Kumari Pooja , Malik Rajender Singh , Poonam  , Parang Keykavous , Tiwari Rakesh Kumar
Published: January 2020

Several drug molecules have shown low bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profile due to metabolism by enzymes, excretion by the renal system, or due to other physiochemical properties of drug molecules. These problems have resulted in the loss of efficacy and the gain of side effects associated with drug molecules. PEGylation is one of the strategies to overcome these pharmacokinetic issues and has been successful in the clinic. Cell-penetrating Peptides (CPPs) help to deliver molecules across biological membranes and could be used to deliver cargo selectively to the intracellular site or to the drug target. Hence CPPs could be used to improve the efficacy and selectivity of the drug. However, due to the peptidic nature of CPPs, they have a low pharmacokinetic profile. Using PEGylation and CPPs together as a component of a drug delivery system, the and efficacy of drug molecules could be improved. The other important pharmacokinetic properties such as short half-life, solubility, stability, absorption, metabolism, and elimination could be also improved. Here in this review, we summarized PEGylated CPPs or PEGylation based formulations for CPPs used in a drug delivery system for several biomedical applications until August 2019.
Outwitting an Old Neglected Nemesis: A Review on Leveraging Integrated Data-Driven Approaches to Aid in Unraveling of Leishmanicides of Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Kwofie Samuel K. , Broni Emmanuel , Dankwa Bismark , Enninful Kweku S. , Kwarko Gabriel B. , Darko Louis , Durvasula Ravi , Kempaiah Prakasha , Rathi Brijesh , Miller III Whelton A. , Yaya Abu , Wilson Michael D.
Published: January 2020

The global prevalence of leishmaniasis has increased with skyrocketed mortality in the past decade. The causative agent of leishmaniasis is Leishmania species, which infects populations in almost all the continents. Prevailing treatment regimens are consistently inefficient with reported side effects, toxicity and drug resistance. This review complements existing ones by discussing the current state of treatment options, therapeutic bottlenecks including chemoresistance and toxicity, as well as drug targets. It further highlights innovative applications of nanotherapeutics-based formulations, inhibitory potential of leishmanicides, anti-microbial peptides and organometallic compounds on leishmanial species. Moreover, it provides essential insights into recent machine learning-based models that have been used to predict novel leishmanicides and also discusses other new models that could be adopted to develop fast, efficient, robust and novel algorithms to aid in unraveling the next generation of anti-leishmanial drugs. A plethora of enriched functional genomic, proteomic, structural biology, high throughput bioassay and drug-related datasets are currently warehoused in both general and leishmania-specific databases. The warehoused datasets are essential inputs for training and testing algorithms to augment the prediction of biotherapeutic entities. In addition, we demonstrate how pharmacoinformatics techniques including ligand-, structure- and pharmacophore-based virtual screening approaches have been utilized to screen ligand libraries against both modeled and experimentally solved 3D structures of essential drug targets. In the era of data-driven decision-making, we believe that highlighting intricately linked topical issues relevant to leishmanial drug discovery offers a one-stop-shop opportunity to decipher critical literature with the potential to unlock implicit breakthroughs.
Collocating Novel Targets for Tuberculosis (TB) Drug Discovery
Authors: Gandhi Karan , Patel Mehul
Published: January 2020

Background:

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, being a resistive species is an incessant threat to the world population for the treatment of Tuberculosis (TB). An advanced genetic or a molecular level approach is mandatory for both diagnosis and therapy as the prevalence of multi drug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug- resistant (XDR) TB.

Methods:

A literature review was conducted, focusing essentially on the development of biomarkers and targets to extrapolate the Tuberculosis Drug Discovery process.

Results and Discussion:

In this article, we have discussed several substantial targets and genetic mutations occurring in a diseased or treatment condition of TB patients. It includes expressions in Bhlhe40, natural resistance associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) with its mechanistic actions that have made a significant impact on TB. Moreover, recently identified compounds; imidazopyridine amine derivative (Q203), biphenyl amide derivative (DG70), azetidine, thioquinazole, tetrahydroindazole and 2- mercapto- quinazoline scaffolds for several targets such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), amino acid and fatty acid have been briefed for their confirmed hits and therapeutic activity.
Best Practices of Social Media for the Clinician
Authors: Alasnag Mirvat , Ahmed Waqar , Mamas Mamas
Published: January 2020

:

Over recent years, social media use has substantially expanded not only for millennials,
but across all generations. Today, it no longer remains a means for simple social networking. It has
evolved into a powerful tool that can be used for career development, continued professional development
and global scientific engagement. Medical professionals, have employed social media platforms
to search for job opportunities, advertise meetings, participate in case discussions and network
with the medical community at large.

:

However, some caveats limit its widespread application amongst the clinical community.
The purpose of this review is to discuss the utility of social media, its drawbacks and best practices
for the clinicians.
Fast and Effective Confiscation of Methylene Blue Dye from Aqueous Medium by Luffa aegyptiaca Peel
Authors: Mashkoor Fouzia , Khan Mohd A. , Nasar Abu
Published: January 2020

Background:

Dye contamination of natural water system is a severe problem due to the
considerable enhancement in the industrial activities. As the dyes are highly visible, nonbiodegradable,
and toxic in nature, they are considered as a severe source of water pollution. Therefore,
it is imperative to develop an inexpensive, simple, effective, and easy technique for their elimination
from wastewater.

Methods:

Luffa aegyptiaca peel (LuAP), kitchen waste was exploited as a low-priced biosorbent for
the adsorptive elimination of cationic methylene blue (MB) dye. The influence of several batch parameters,
i.e., adsorbent dose, pH of the solution, initial dye concentration, adsorbate/adsorbent contact
time, and temperature were optimized for maximum adsorption of MB from aqueous media. Furthermore,
thermodynamics, kinetics, and isotherm studies were also carried out in order to comprehend
the dominant mechanism for the adsorptive elimination of MB.

Results:

The kinetic data for the adsorption of MB onto the LuAP followed closely by the pseudosecond-
order (PSO) kinetics, and the adsorption equilibrium data were observed to be well demonstrated
by Langmuir isotherm. The equilibrium was attained in 180 min with maximum sorption capacity
of 52.63 mg/g at an adsorbent dose of 3 g/L, pH of 7, and temperature of 303 K. Thermodynamic
study reveals that the removal of MB by LuAP is spontaneous and endothermic.

Conclusion:

It has been concluded that LuAP can be efficiently utilized for the confiscation of cationic
MB dye from polluted water.
Identification, Isolation and Characterization of a Pharmaceutical Impurity in Levocetirizine Hydrochloride
Authors: Pei Shuchen , Chen Junlin , Xia Shihao , Wang Jieyu , Xue Buyin , Wang Qunliang , Chen Jun
Published: January 2020

Background:

Levocetirizine is chemically know as (R)-(-)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzhydryl)-1-
piperazinyl]-ethoxy acetic acid dihydrochloride. Many publications have reported the synthetic routes
of levocetirizine. Several related substances have been detected in levocetirizine hydrochloride drug
substances. In our study, a pharmaceutical impurity, at the level of >0.1% w/w, was isolated, purified
and identified. It is not included in the European Pharmacopoeia (EP).

Objective:

Identification, isolation and characterization of a new pharmaceutical impurity in levocetirizine
hydrochloride.

Methods:

The impurity was enriched by normal phase silica gel, and was further purified by semipreparative
HPLC. It was separated from the crystallization mother liquor of levocetirizine hydrochloride
for the first time. Mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy are the ultimate
tools in structure elucidation.

Results:

The structure was identified as levocetirizine quaternary ammonium. The formation mechanisms
of the impurity are also presented. The method was applied to the determination of the impurity
in levocetirizine hydrochloride in real samples.

Conclusion:

The method was applied to the determination the impurity of levocetirizine hydrochloride
in real samples.
Treatment of Psoriasis: A Comprehensive Review of Entire Therapies
Authors: Bakshi Harman , Nagpal Manju , Singh Manjinder , Dhingra Gitika Arora , Aggarwal Geeta
Published: January 2020

Background:

Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease that ingeminates itself with the repeated proliferation of keratinocytes. It globally strikes a 2-5 % population on an average. Management of psoriasis remains a daunting task with various challenges influencing treatment, such as patient conformity and adherence to therapy, delicate patient profiles, psychological aspects, and skin as a barrier to topical delivery. The first part reviewed pathophysiology, triggering factors, and clinical classification. The second part reviewed all the therapies, such as topical, oral, biological, parenteral therapy, phototherapy, and the phyto-pharmaceuticals.

Methods:

The research data related to the existing and upcoming therapies for psoriasis treatment, several nanocarriers, existing marketed formulations, and detailed description of phytopharmaceuticals with their mechanism.

Results:

Topical therapy is the mainstay treatment option with limited adverse effects. Biological therapy has reformed conventional psoriasis treatment by being more efficacious and has increased patient acceptance due to decreased adverse events. Nanoformulations present an edge over conventional therapy due to improved anti-psoriatic effect and decreased side effects. Phyto-pharmaceuticals act as a complementary and alternative therapy for diminishing psoriasis symptoms.

Conclusion:

A rationalized cost-effective patient compliant therapy is required for effective management and complete cure of psoriasis.
Effect of Mechanical Activation on Leachability of Fayalite in Sulfuric Acid Solution
Authors: Nadirov Rashid , Mussapyrova Lyazzat
Published: January 2020

Background:

Being by-products of non-ferrous metallurgy, slags contain fayalite
(Fe2SiO4) as the major component. Since hydrometallurgical methods are considered as
the most promising for processing such material to obtain valuable metals, increasing the
leachability of fayalite in sulfuric acid as a widely used leaching agent is an important task.

Objective :

The present work was devoted to increasing the reactivity of fayalite by using
mechanical activation.

Methods:

Fayalite, synthesized with the use of powders of metallic Fe, Fe2O3, and SiO2,
was subjected to mechanical activation in the planetary ball mill at 400 rpm with a
ball/powder ratio of 5 for 45 minutes. Then, activated and non-activated fayalite samples
were subjected to sulfuric acid leaching. Before leaching, solid samples were characterized
by XRD and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). Quantitative analysis of Fe and Si in the
leachate was determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy.

Results:

Mechanical activation led to partial amorphization of the initial fayalite sample. It
was found that the leaching rate constants of the treated samples in sulfuric acid solution
(50-80 g×L-1) at 298, 338, and 368 K increased and the activation energy of the leaching
process decreased, i.e. mechanical activation enhances the reactivity of fayalite in H2SO4
solution.

Conclusion:

Mechanical activation can be applied to improve fayalite leachability in sulfuric
acid solution. The results obtained can be used in the development of methods for
leaching slag of non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular, copper smelter slags, the major
component of which is fayalite.
Polymer Anchored Gold Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: Chowdhury Pranesh , Roy Bishnupada , Mukherjee Suprabhat , Mukherjee Niladri , Joardar Nikhilesh , Roy Debiprasad , Chowdhury Shreyashi , Babu Santi P.S.
Published: January 2020

Background::

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have diverse optical and photo-thermal properties.
It is used for diagnostic imaging because of their ability to absorb near infrared (NIR) and
X-rays, and their surface enhanced Raman scattering properties. Recently they are used for drug
delivery and more particularly photothermal treatment. Their ability to absorb NIR energy and
convert it to heat by a Surface Plasmon Resonance mechanism has made these materials promising
for the treatment of tumors. GNPs having diameter higher than 1.4-1.5 nm is found nontoxic to the
environment.

Methods::

In the present work, polymer anchored GNPs are synthesized by reducing AuIII to Au0
in presence of either chitosan or polyvinyl alcohol, which act as in situ reducers cum stabilizers.
Microscopic techniques (TEM, SEM and DLS) are used to analyse the size, surface morphology
and size distribution respectively. The unique mucoadhesive properties of chitosan particularly
make the system promising with respect to antimicrobial (anti-bacteria as well as anti-fungus) activities.
An attempt has been made to understand the mechanistic path involved in antimicrobial
activities. Antimicrobial potential of chitosan anchored gold nanoparticles (GNPc) are noticed
even at very low dose.

Results::

The results of bio-chemical analysis (MDA, NBT, DNA fragmentation and overexpression
of heat shock protein) clearly explain antimicrobial activities. Additionally, gold chitosan
systems interact with microbial DNA and inhibit the action of DNA repair enzyme. Interestingly,
in vitro (rat peritoneal MФ) or in vivo (Wistar rat) analysis exhibits negligible cytotoxicy.

Conclusion::

Thus the synthesized material (particularly GNPc) is promising as an effective nano
therapeutic agent.
Coexistence of Metallo Beta Lactamase Resistant Gene Variants Among Clinical Isolates in Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: K. Santhiya , S. Jayanthi , M. Ananthasubramanian , B. Appalaraju
Published: January 2020

Background:

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) has emerged as a global threat with mortality risk ranging from 48%-71% worldwide. The emergence of MBL resistance is threatening as carbapenem is one of the last line antibiotics. A total 24 variants of NDM resistance raises a concern to the clinicians and epidemiologists worldwide.

Objective:

The study aims at identifying MBL resistance (NDM, IMP, VIM, GIM, SPM, and SIM) and its coexistence in clinical isolates in a single tertiary care center.

Methodology:

Forty five clinical isolates characterized phenotypically for Carbapenem resistance obtained from PSG Institute of Medical Science and Research (PSG IMSR), Coimbatore, between February to March 2018 were taken for analysis.

Result:

Out of the 45 Clinical isolates, 38 isolates (84%) were detected as MBL carriers. VIM, NDM, GIM, and SPM were the predominant resistance genes, with detection rates of 48.8%, 28.8%, 24.4%, and 22.2% respectively. Fifteen isolates were observed to harbor more than one MBL gene in coexistence. Two isolates - U42 and R714 (K. pneumoniae) were found to harbor all 5 MBL variants in combination.

Conclusion:

33% of clinical isolates harboring multiple MBL variants is a concern in clinical settings. The presence of SPM and GIM gene amongst isolates in this geographical location within India is an indicator demanding continuous monitoring of these resistance determinants.
Cyberphysical Human Sexual Behavior Acquisition System (SeBA): Development and Implementation Study in China
Authors: Zhou Xiaoping , Zhao Jichao , Liang Xun
Published: January 2020

Background

Sexual health is one of the principal components of human well-being. Traditional methods for observing human sexual behavior typically adopt manual intervention approaches (eg, interviews). However, the data obtained by such traditional approaches suffer from intrinsic bias and limited sample sizes.

Objective

To address the limitations of traditional human sexual behavior data observation methods, a novel cyberphysical system is proposed to capture natural human sexual behavior data in China at the nationwide level.

Methods

A cyberphysical human sexual behavior acquisition system (SeBA) was designed and implemented. SeBA jointly utilizes state of the art information and communication technologies such as smart sex toys, smartphones, and mobile social networks. Smart sex toys enable objective collection of data on human sexual behavior, while the mobile social network provides the possibility of partnered sex in a cyberphysical manner. The objectives and function settings are discussed, and the overall framework of the system architecture is presented.

Results

Operation and privacy policies are proposed and the technical solution of SeBA is described. The effectiveness of SeBA was verified based on analysis of users’ human sexual behavior data collected from January 2016 to June 2017. A total of 103,424 solo sexual behaviors were recorded involving 13,047 users, and 61,007 partnered sexual behaviors from 7,140 users were observed. The proportions of males and females in the solo and partnered sex groups were fairly consistent with recent statistics on unmarried individuals in China. We also found that only a small portion of individuals provided information on at least one other attribute besides the required input of gender, such as age, height, location, job, sex preferences, purposes, and interests.

Conclusions

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to analyze objective human sexual behavior data at the nationwide level. Although the data are restricted to China, this study can provide insight for further research on human sexual behavior based on the huge amount of data available from wireless smart sex toys worldwide. It is anticipated that findings from such objective big data analyses can help deepen our understanding of sexual behavior, as well as improve sexual health and sexual wellness.
Transfer Learning for Risk Classification of Social Media Posts: Model Evaluation Study
Authors: Howard Derek , Maslej Marta M , Lee Justin , Ritchie Jacob , Woollard Geoffrey , French Leon
Published: January 2020

Background

Mental illness affects a significant portion of the worldwide population. Online mental health forums can provide a supportive environment for those afflicted and also generate a large amount of data that can be mined to predict mental health states using machine learning methods.

Objective

This study aimed to benchmark multiple methods of text feature representation for social media posts and compare their downstream use with automated machine learning (AutoML) tools. We tested on datasets that contain posts labeled for perceived suicide risk or moderator attention in the context of self-harm. Specifically, we assessed the ability of the methods to prioritize posts that a moderator would identify for immediate response.

Methods

We used 1588 labeled posts from the Computational Linguistics and Clinical Psychology (CLPsych) 2017 shared task collected from the Reachout.com forum. Posts were represented using lexicon-based tools, including Valence Aware Dictionary and sEntiment Reasoner, Empath, and Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count, and also using pretrained artificial neural network models, including DeepMoji, Universal Sentence Encoder, and Generative Pretrained Transformer-1 (GPT-1). We used Tree-based Optimization Tool and Auto-Sklearn as AutoML tools to generate classifiers to triage the posts.

Results

The top-performing system used features derived from the GPT-1 model, which was fine-tuned on over 150,000 unlabeled posts from Reachout.com. Our top system had a macroaveraged F1 score of 0.572, providing a new state-of-the-art result on the CLPsych 2017 task. This was achieved without additional information from metadata or preceding posts. Error analyses revealed that this top system often misses expressions of hopelessness. In addition, we have presented visualizations that aid in the understanding of the learned classifiers.

Conclusions

In this study, we found that transfer learning is an effective strategy for predicting risk with relatively little labeled data and noted that fine-tuning of pretrained language models provides further gains when large amounts of unlabeled text are available.
Effectiveness of Lilly Connected Care Program (LCCP) App-Based Diabetes Education for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Treated With Insulin: Retrospective Real-World Study
Authors: Zhang Yiyu , Liu Chaoyuan , Luo Shuoming , Huang Jin , Li Xia , Zhou Zhiguang
Published: January 2020

Background

Diabetes poses heavy economic and social burdens worldwide. Mobile apps show great potential for diabetes self-management education. However, there is limited evidence for the effectiveness of providing general diabetes education through mobile apps.

Objective

The aim of this study was to clarify the effectiveness of Lilly Connected Care Program (LCCP) app-based diabetes education for glycemic control.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included patients with diabetes recruited to the LCCP platform from September 1, 2018, to May 31, 2019. Each patient was followed for 12 weeks. According to the number of diabetes education courses they had completed, the patients were divided into the following three groups: group A (0-4 courses), group B (5-29 courses), and group C (≥30 courses). The main outcomes were the change in blood glucose at the 12th week compared with baseline and the differences in blood glucose at the 12th week among the three groups. The associations of the number of diabetes education courses completed with the average blood glucose and frequency of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) at the 12th week were assessed by multivariate linear regression analyses controlling for other confounding covariates. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to assess factors influencing patients’ engagement in the diabetes education courses.

Results

A total of 5011 participants were enrolled. Their mean fasting blood glucose (FBG) and postprandial blood glucose (PBG) were significantly lower at the 12th week than at baseline (FBG, 7.46 [standard deviation (SD) 1.95] vs 7.79 [SD 2.18] mmol/L, P<.001; PBG, 8.94 [SD 2.74] vs 9.53 [SD 2.81] mmol/L, P<.001). The groups that completed more diabetes education courses had lower FBG (group B, β=−0.14, 95% CI −0.26 to −0.03; group C, β=−0.29, 95% CI −0.41 to −0.16; P for trend <.001) and PBG (group B, β=−0.29, 95% CI −0.46 to −0.11; group C, β=−0.47, 95% CI −0.66 to −0.28; P for trend <.001) and a higher frequency of SMBG at the 12th week (group B, β=1.17, 95% CI 0.81-1.53; group C, β=4.21, 95% CI 3.81-4.62; P for trend <.001) when compared with the findings in group A. Age and education were related to patients’ engagement in the diabetes education courses. Middle-aged patients (35-59 years old) and elderly patients (≥60 years old) completed more diabetes education courses (middle-aged group, β=2.22, P=.01; elderly group, β=2.42, P=.02) than young patients (18-34 years old).

Conclusions

LCCP app-based diabetes education is effective for glycemic control and SMBG behavior improvement in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving insulin therapy. Young patients’ engagement in the education courses was relatively low. We need to conduct in-depth interviews with users to further improve the curriculum.
Connected Medical Technology and Cybersecurity Informed Consent: A New Paradigm
Authors: Tully Jeffrey , Coravos Andrea , Doerr Megan , Dameff Christian
Published: January 2020

Background

Connected medical technology is increasingly prevalent and offers both a host of new therapeutic potentials and cybersecurity-related considerations. Current practice largely does not include discussions of cybersecurity issues when clinicians obtain informed consent.

Objective

This paper aims to raise awareness about cybersecurity considerations for connected medical technology as they relate to informed consent discussions between patients and clinicians.

Methods

Clinicians, health care cybersecurity researchers, and informed consent experts propose the concept of a cybersecurity informed consent for connected medical technology.

Results

This viewpoint discusses concepts designed to facilitate further discussion on the need, development, and execution of cybersecurity informed consent.

Conclusions

Cybersecurity informed consent may be a necessary component of informed consent practices, as connected medical technology proliferates in the health care environment.
Kajian Sifat Kemagnetan pada Nanopartikel Cobalt Ferrite (CoFe2O4) yang dicoating dengan Polyethylene Glykol ( PEG-4000) dan Silika (Halaman 103 s.d. 107)
Authors: - Sulanjari , Noor Santi Winda , Ayu Artanti Annisa , Suharyadi Edi , Kato Takeshi , Iwata Satosi
Published: January 2020

Telah dilakukan fungsionalisasi CoFe2O4  menggunakan Polyethylene Glykol (PEG-4000) dan Silika. Nanopartikel  CoFe2O4 disintesis menggunakan metode kopresipitasi. Hasil sintesis yang berbentuk serbuk dicoating menggunakan PEG-4000. Kemudian dengan melakukan variasi  konsentrasi PEG-4000, telah diperoleh koersivitas terendah pada konsentrasi 33%. Muncul fasa baru pada CoFe2O4 setelah dicoating PEG-4000, yaitu  yang bersifat antiferromagnetik dan  yang bersifat paramagnetik. Kedua fasa ini menurunkan respon sampel terhadap medan eksternal. Coating PEG juga menyebabkan berkurangnya aglomerasi dan bentuknya lebih bulat. Ukuran butir sampel setelah dicoating meningkat, karena sampel cenderung polidispersif. Selanjutnya, penelitian yang kedua melakukan variasi  konsentrasi silika untuk pengcoatingan CoFe2O4. Nilai koersivitas terendah pada konsentrasi 50%. Muncul puncak difraksi baru setelah dicoating silica, yaitu: (331) pada konsentrasi 20% dan (222) pada konsentrasi 5%. Volume fasa α-Fe2O3 menurun ketika konsentrasi silika dinaikkan. Ukuran sampel pada konsentrasi 5% lebih kecil dibandingkan pada konsentrasi 20%.
Pemanfaatan Alat Standar Primer untuk Peningkatan Kualitas Nilai Kalibrasi Alat Ukur Radioaktivitas di Bidang Kedokteran Nuklir (halaman 30 s.d. 34)
Authors: Wurdiyanto Gatot , - Pujadi
Published: January 2020

Pemanfaatan teknologi nuklir di bidang kesehatan yang menggunakan teknologi Positron Emission Tomography (PET) telah berkembang dengan pesat di Indonesia.  Teknologi PET tersebut memanfaatkan sumber radioaktif 18F sebagai perunut yang digunakan untuk mendiagnosis berbagai penyakit.  Laboratorium Metrologi Radiasi pada PTKMR - BATAN, yang mempunyai tugas dan fungsi sebagai laboratorium acuan nasional di bidang radiasi pengion berperan dalam melakukan tugas untuk melakukan standardisasi radionuklida dan mengkalibrasi alat ukur aktivitas.  Pada mulanya, kalibrasi alat ukur aktivitas “dose calibrator” di rumah sakit menggunakan alat standar sekunder yang tertelusur ke laboratorium primer LMRI (Laboratoire Metrologie Ranyonnements Ionisants), melalui standardisasi 18F dilakukan menggunakan metode spektrometri-g.  Dengan cara seperti ini didapatkan hasil kalibrasi dengan nilai ketidakpastian bentangan  6,3 %.  Untuk meningkatkan kualitas hasil pengukuran, dilakukan standardisasi 18F menggunakan alat standar primer dengan metode absolut koinsidensi 4pb(LS)-g.   Dengan metode ini didapatkan nilai ketidakpastian bentangan  2,9 % dengan faktor cakupan, k=2, dan tingkat kepercayaan 95%.  Dengan berhasilnya penelitian ini diharapkan Laboratorium Standardisasi Radionuklida PTKMR-BATAN dapat berperan dalam kalibrasi alat ukur aktivitas secara kontinu agar pemanfaatan teknologi nuklir di bidang kesehatan dapat terlaksana dengan aman dan selamat baik bagi pekerja, masyarakat maupun lingkungannya.
Pengembangan Sistem Deteksi Gas CO pada Gas Hembus Manusia Berbasis Spektroskopi ICOS (Halaman 35 s.d. 38)
Authors: Widiatmono Restu , Mandon Julien , J. M. Harren Frans , - Kusminarto , A. Joko Wasono M. , - Mitrayana
Published: January 2020

Pengembangan sistem deteksi gas hembus pernapasan manusia yang memiliki kepekaan tinggi telah dilakukan dalam penelitian ini. Laser QCL (Quantum Cascade Laser) kontinyu dengan panjang gelombang 4610 nm sebagai sumber radiasi yang dikombinasikan dengan teknik spektroskopi off-axis ICOS (integrated cavity output spectroscopy) digunakan untuk medeteksi gas Karbon Monoksida (CO) bertekanan rendah. Sel sampel gas dengan panjang 15 cm yang dilengkapi dengan cermin high-finesse sekaligus berfungsi sebagai rongga resonator laser dengan lintasan optik efektif mencapai 400 m. Batas deteksi sebesar 1 ppbv dalam waktu akuisisi kurang dari 2 detik telah berhasil dicapai. Pendeteksian kasar pada gas hembus pernapasan manusia telah berhasil mendeteksi gas CO sebesar 0,7 ppmv.
Analisis Strukt Kristal Dan Sifat Magnet SrO6Fe2O3 Yang Dihasilkan Via Solid-Solid Mixing Dan Sintering
Authors: - Muljadi , Sardjono Prijo , Sebayang Perdamean
Published: January 2020

Telah dilakukan sintesis dan karakterisasi bahan magnet SrO.6Fe2O3. Bahan system SrO - Fe2O3 dibuat melalui proses solid-solid mixing dan di sintering pada suhu 1200 oC selama 2 jam. Hasil refinement dari pola difraksi sinar-x menunjukkan bahwa telah terbentuk single phase bahan magnet system SrO.6Fe2O1 dengan struktur kristal heksagonal. Hasil pengukuran sifat magnet menunjukkan bahwa bahan SrO.6Fe2O1  memiliki medan koersivitas, magnetisasi saturasi, dan magnetisasi remanen berturut-turut adalah 1650 Oe, 63.21 emu/gr, dan 48.01 emu/gr. Disimpulkan bahwa telah berhasil dibuat magnet SrO.6Fe2O3 dengan karakteristik sifat magnetic yang relative tinggi sehingga diharapkan dapat diaplikasikan sebagai komponen motor.
Menuju Mekanika Kuantum Modular
Authors: Nur Huda Didik , Rosyid Farchani
Published: January 2020

Telaah mekanika kuantum selama ini dibangun di atas ruang Hilbert, yakni ruang vektor kompleks dengan produk skalar hji : (.|.) : V x V -> C dengan V ruang vektor atas bilangan kompleks C. Modul Hilbert merupakan perumuman dari ruang Hilbert, dengan mengganti himpunan skalar menjadi gelanggang R dengan syarat tertentu sehingga merupakan modul Hilbert. Gelanggang R yang dimaksud adalah gelanggang bilangan. Modul Hilbert inilah yang akan digunakan untuk membangun fondasi mekanika kuantum modular ini.kata kunci: skalar; gelanggang; modul Hilbert; mekanika kuantum
Pemetaan Daerah Rawan Kerusakan Akibat Gempabumi Di Kotamadya Denpasar dan Sekitarnya dengan Menggunakan Analisis Mikrotremor, Studi Kasus : Gempabumi Seririt 14 Juli 1976
Authors: Murdiantoro Randi Adzin , Sismanto Sismanto , Marjiyono Marjiyono
Published: January 2020

Tingkat aktifitas seismik di Pulau Bali tergolong tinggi dengan 2 sumber utama gempabumi yaitu aktifitas tektonik sesar naik busur belakang (Back Arc Trust) di bagian utara dan zona subduksi lempeng Indo-Australia yang menunjam ke lempeng Eurasia di bagian selatan. Kotamadya Denpasar dan sekitarnya merupakan pusat pemerintahan Provinsi Bali dengan keberagaman infrastruktur. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan dengan tujuan memetakan daerah rawan kerusakan akibat gempabumi dengan menggunakan pengukuran mikrotremor single station yang diolah menggunakan metode HVSR (Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratios) dan mikrotremor array yang dianalisis menggunakan metode SPAC (Spacial Auto Correlation) untuk mendapatkan nilai vs30 (kecepatan gelombang shear sedalam 30 m). Penelitian ini menggunakan data gempabumi Seririt sebagai studi kasus untuk mencari nilai PGA batuan dasar dan PGA lapisan tanah permukaan. Hasil analisis HVSR dan PGA batuan dasar digunakan untuk mencari nilai indeks kerentanan seismik dan ground shear-strain.Hasil penelitian menunjukan Kotamadya Denpasar dan sekitarnya memiliki nilai indeks kerentanan seismik berkisar antara 0,103-33,78, nilai ground shear strain 7,00x10-6 – 2,2x10-3. Berdasarkan peta, diketahui nilai vs30 berkisar antara 171,32–764,62  m/s. Berdasarkan SNI 1726:2012 dan hasil penelitian, Klasifikasi tingkat resiko gempabumi daerah penelitian menunjukan bahwa Kecamatan Denpasar Selatan memiliki tingkat kerawanan seismik tinggi (kategori resiko I). Tingkat kerawanan seismik menengah berada di Kecamatan Denpasar Barat dan Kecamatan Kuta (kategori I, II, dan III). Daerah dengan tingkat kerawanan seismik rendah berada di Kecamatan Denpasar Timur, Kec. Denpasar Utara, Kec. Kuta Utara, Kec. Mengwi, Kec. Sukawati, Kec. Kediri (kategori I, II, III, dan IV).
Kajian Inversi Tomografi Seismik Refraksi Menggunakan Kode PROFIT
Authors: Alfiansyah Diva , Hartantyo Eddy
Published: January 2020

Metode seismik refraksi merupakan salah satu metode geofisika yang digunakan dalam kajian geofisika dekat permukaan. Metode ini masih memiliki ambiguitas dalam penggambaran model kecepatan bawah permukaan, terutama untuk model geologi yang kompleks dan kasus low velocity layer. Pemodelan dengan inversi tomografi pada metode seismik refraksi dapat digunakan sebagai solusi. PROFIT (Profile Forward and Inverse Tomographic modeling) telah dikembangkan dengan kombinasi inversi dan forward modelling tomografi 2D yang dapat diaplikasikan pada data seismik aktif di laut dan di darat dengan kondisi geologis yang kompleks. Pada penelitian ini, kode PROFIT digunakan untuk pemodelan maju (forward modelling) dan pemodelan balik data sintetik dengan fitur low velocity layer, yaitu model goa dan model intrusi. Posisi goa sintetik dapat direkonstruksi cukup baik yaitu pada jarak 160 m hingga 270 m dari bagian awal lintasan dan elevasi 80 m hingga 30 m, namun nilai kecepatan yang dihasilkan berbeda dengan model sintetiknya, yaitu 1,2 km/s sampai  1,6 km/s. Pada model intrusi, tubuh intrusi batuan tipe dyke dapat direkonstruksi cukup baik yaitu pada jarak 250 m hingga 500 m dari bagian awal lintasan dengan elevasi 170 m serta memiliki kecepatan yang sama dengan model sintetik yaitu 4 km/s. Setengah tubuh intrusi tipe sill dapat direkonstruksi pada posisi yang cukup tepat yaitu pada jarak 1100 m sampai 1350 m dengan elevasi 90 m dan kecepatan yang tepat yaitu 4 km/s. Hasil inversi tomografi menggunakan PROFIT sangat dipengaruhi oleh rentang kecepatan model awal dan nilai SM (Smoothing Matrix) dan AM (Amplitude Matrix).
PENDEKATAN HOPendekatan Holistik – Ekologis sebagai Alternatif Penyelesaian Kasus Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan di IndonesiaLISTIK – EKOLOGIS SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN KASUS KEBAKARAN HUTAN DAN LAHAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Christiawan Rio
Published: January 2020

AbstractIneffective performance of conventional law enforcement as a means of settlement for forest and land fire cases has been caused by the lack of proper knowledge of the law enforcers on legal aspects on forest and land fire cases and deviation in the conventional process at police and court level. As a consequence, not only the citizens become the sufferer, but this will also result in deviation in the law enforcement process.  This article compares the conventional law enforcement and the potential to adopt environmental law enforcement in forest and land fire cases using holistic approach - an ecological perspective which considers the law not only as a strict rule but also an integral part together with all of the elements which will enable law enforcement to put forward the aspects of ecological sustainability than others interests. IntisariTidak Optimalnya  penegakan hukum  secara konvensional sebagai bentuk penyelesaian terhadap kasus kebakaran hutan dan lahan disebabkan karena kurangnya pengetahuan para penegak hukum terkait tata cara penanganan aspek hukum kebakaran hutan dan lahan maupun terjadinya penyimpangan pada proses penegakan hukum konvensional baik di tingkat kepolisian hingga tingkat pengadilan. Akibatnya tidak saja warga negara yang dirugikan (suferer) tetapi juga tidak jelasnya proses penegakan hukum konvensional akan menyebabkan terjadinya penyimpangan dalam proses penegakan hukum. Artikel ini membahas mengenai perbandingan penegakan hukum secara konvensional dan kemungkinan penegakan hukum lingkungan dalam hal terjadinya kebakaran hutan dan lahan dengan menggunakan pendekatan holistik – ekologis yang memandang hukum bukan sebuah prosedur yang kaku tetapi hukum dipandang sebagai satu kesatuan yang utuh dengan segenap unsurnya sehingga penegakan hukum lebih mengedepankan aspek keberlanjutan ekologis daripada kepentingan lainnya.
Praktik Illegal Transhipment di Laut Lepas Berdasarkan Hukum Laut Internasional
Authors: Yunita Cindy Vira
Published: January 2020

AbstractIllegal transhipment practice is a serious problem because it is included in the theft mode of fish, which is by transferring the cargo of fish that occurs in the middle of the high seas from one ship to foreign ships without reporting the catch. It categorized as one form of the criteria for Transnational Organized Crime/TOC, includes crimes committed in one country, but involves organized criminal groups from more than one country. This paper will construct how the dispute resolution process must be carried out if it consists of UN procedures, UNCLOS 1982 by "International Tribunals for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS)" and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Regional. The type of research used is normative juridical.  IntisariPraktik illegal transhipment merupakan suatu permasalahan yang serius karena termasuk dalam modus pencurian ikan, yaitu melalui pemindahan muatan ikan yang terjadi di tengah laut lepas dari satu kapal ke kapal asing tanpa melaporkan hasil tangkapannya tersebut. Dikategorikan sebagai salah satu bentuk kriteria Transnational Organized Crime/TOC, meliputi kejahatan yang dilakukan di satu negara, akan tetapi melibatkan kelompok kriminal terorganisasi yang berasal lebih dari satu negara. Tulisan ini akan mengonstruksikan bagaimana proses penyelesaian sengketa yang harus dilakukan bilamana terdiri atas prosedur PBB, UNCLOS 1982 oleh “International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS)”, dan Regional Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Jenis penelitian yang digunakan ialah yuridis normatif.
URGENSI PERLINDUNGAN BENDA BERSEJARAH DI INDONESIA BERDASARKAN HUKUM HUMANITER INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Nugraha. S.H. Taufik Rachmat
Published: January 2020

Indonesia memiliki keanekaragam benda budaya dari peninggalan era megalitikum hingga colonial. Selanjutnya, konflik bersenjata dapat saja terjadi kapanpun dan dimanapun dan juga tidak seorangpun dapat memprediksinya, persoalan ini yang harus menjadi pertimbangan utama karena benda budaya akan sangat rentan ketika terjadi konflik bersenjata terjadi di Indonesia. Sementara itu Indonesia merupakan negara peserta dari Konvensi Den-Haag 1977 dan Konvensi UNESCO 1977, namun hingga saat ini Indonesia belum memiliki peraturan khusus terkait perlindungan benda budaya pada masa konflik bersenjata. Artikel ini akan menguji urgensi Indonesia untuk membuat peraturan khusus dan bagaimana Indonesia mengaplikasikanya pada masa damai.
THE INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT TYPES ON ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR
Authors: Simić Ivana , Đorđević Biljana , Milanović Sandra
Published: January 2020

Organizational citizenship behaviour represents the behaviour of the employees that goes beyond their duties. This type of behaviour from the perspective of employer is very desirable since it produces many positive consequences regarding individual and the overall organizational performances. However, readiness of the employees to exert this type of behaviour is influenced by many factors. One of the most important is fulfilment of employees’ psychological contract. Since that there are two basic forms of contracts, relational and transactional, the aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between these types of psychological contract and organizational citizenship behaviour. For the purpose of testing proposed hypothesis, t-test, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analysis were applied. The results showed that there is a positive relation and positive impact of relational psychological contract on the organizational citizenship behaviour, which was not the case when it was about the transactional contract.
THE EXPLOSIVE STRENGTH OF GIRLS OF THE YOUNGER SCHOOL AGE
Authors: Paunović Miloš , Đurović Marko , Veličković Saša , Živković Mladen , Stojanović Nikola
Published: January 2020

Physical education in younger school age is very important. But in practice, this subject is not carried out regularly or is not performed by pedagogues of physical culture. Problem of the research was to determine whether the developmental gymnastics program had an effect on development of explosive strength with younger school age girls. The sample of respondents for experimental group consisted of 59 girls and for control group 45 girls aged 9 to 11 years. To determine the level of explosive strength three tests were used. Data processing was performed by the statistical program SPSS v. 20. For all data, the parameters of descriptive statistics were calculated. To determine the differences between the groups, a t-test for independent samples was used with calculation of significance of the size of difference (Cohen's d). The research has shown the effects of the developmental gymnastics program on the development of explosive strength with girls aged 9 to 11 years. Differences in explosive strength were identified in favor of the experimental group in two out of the three variables. The results obtained accurately indicate that respondents included in the development gymnastics program have a significantly higher level of explosive strength than respondents who only attended physical education class.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HELLISON’S MODEL OF PERSONAL AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHING
Authors: Buišić Svetlana , Đorđić Višnja
Published: January 2020

Increase in youth violence, discipline problems in schools, decrease of interest in physical activities and other negative trends, impose the need for reconceptualization of physical education. Among promising models, one stands out. It is the Hellison’s responsibility model or Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility model-TPSR Model, based on intrinsic motivation and encouraging personal and social responsibility of students. Goal of the present study was to check the effectiveness of Hellison’s model in primary school physical education setting. Sample consisted of students of third grade of elementary school (N=100; 54 boys, 46 girls), appointed to experimental and control group. The effects of the experimental (TPSR) and standard program of physical education on responsibility in students, motivational orientations, self-evaluation, social support and motor learning were tested. The data was processed by methods of descriptive statistics, MANOVA analysis and Mann-Whitney test (p ≤ .05). After completing experimental program, statistically significant differences were detected in all dependent variables, consistently in favor of the experimental group. Hellison’s model produced the largest effects in the domain of motor learning, responsibility and self-determined motivation in students, which points to validity of its implementation in regular physical education teaching.