bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reservoir Characterization of a Naturally Fractured Reservoir Using Well Test Data Interpretation
Authors: Ibragimov Abdulmalik
Published: November 2022

The Karachaganak field is a massive reef carbonate structure with relatively homogeneous rock properties distribution in the platform region. In many wells in the field, well test data interpretation at late time observations show closed boundary or flow in the system with multiple sealing faults, which often contradicts with the geological interpretation of the field. The tested wells are generally located in geologically homogeneous platform region and are unlikely to have any kind of boundary effects. Author using numerical simulation models shows that these late time data behavior can be explained by large fracture corridors, which display high contrast in permeability to surrounding matrix rock, thus leading to different boundary effects at late times of the well test data.
Drilling and Cementing to Isolate Productive Series and High Pressure Zones: A Successful Case History Enables Zonal Isolation in High Pressure Gas Well with Close PPFG Margins in South Caspian Basin
Authors: Cherukuri Apparao , Ismayilov Elshan , Zeynalov Elgun , Cabbarov Fuad , Iskandarov Vusal , Karimov Elkhan
Published: November 2022

The objective of this paper is to share the experience of how 7-5/8" section was drilled, and cased-off to enable the zonal isolation in the depleted VII horizon and high-pressure zone with close PPFG margins by managing high risks of differential sticking and loss of circulation at Bulla gas-condensate reservoir which is one of the most complex high-pressure fields with close PPFG margins in the world.

The Bulla wells are highly complex wells the Caspian region. Before drilling into the reservoir section which requires high MW, the drilling liner was run to the cased-off VII horizon and high-pressure zone, which have significant challenges such as differential sticking and loss of circulation, previously resulting in stuck pipe and losses. To overcome the challenges, under reaming/liner cementing at MW lower than PP were evaluated and applied to have good cementing across the open hole and good shoe, to drill into the reservoir section in the project.

The study helped to identify the issues and actions taken that resulted in significant improvement in well delivery and reduced the risks despite having underbalanced condition during under-reaming/cementing. So is accepting the bitter truth, situation offering limited sets of options was very challenging as having:

high risks of differential sticking and loss of circulation due to high MW, high- pressure interval near the setting depth, which required high MW to stabilize the well, need to isolate the high-pressure zone and depleted VII horizon for drilling into the reservoir section.

However, the operation plans of managing the ECD within limits by using different MWs, higher MW for running casing and lower MW for UR and cementing have been risk-assessed with all the mitigation, and as a result, the aforementioned intervals were well isolated which was supported by CBL results. No gains or losses were observed during the operations including both casing running and cementing. Finally, having a good cement in the shoe allowed to successfully drill into the reservoir section with high MW accomplishing successful completion of the well without any major problems previously occurring. Therefore, this approach not only reduced the time, cost and also helped to deliver the quality wellbore.

The case study of liner cementing at underbalanced conditions provides useful insights of how unconventional techniques can be successfully implemented to achieve the overall accomplishment in well delivery performance.
Simulation-Based Evaluation of Concurrent CH4 Storage Potentials During CO2-ECBM in Karaganda Coal Basin
Authors: Tiyntayev Yernar , Tursymat Omirzhan , Serikov Galymzhan , Asif Mohammad , Wang Lei , Hazlett Randy
Published: November 2022

Karaganda Basin contains the largest coalbed methane (CBM) reserve in Kazakhstan. We previously modelled the enhanced coalbed methane (ECBM) process by injecting CO2 into a typical well group which showed high production potential. With the global agreement on carbon neutrality, it is advantageous to explore the CO2 storage potential during CO2-ECBM in Karaganda Coal Basin. The CO2 storage potential of a given coal seam volume in the Karaganda Coal Basin is evaluated by setting up an extended 5-well pattern in a compositional reservoir simulator. The CO2-ECBM process is simulated by incorporating the reservoir parameters reported for the Karaganda Coal Basin, with variable CO2 injection rate and well pressures to optimize the injection strategy, such as the necessity of well stimulation. Simulation results showed that primary depletion followed by CO2 injection is a promising win-win strategy. Based on parameter sensitivity analysis, the CO2 injection rate should have an optimal value under pressure constraint, since higher injection rate does not contribute remarkably to the recovery. With the aid of CO2 injection, the methane recovery could be enhanced from 35.1×106 kg to 40.2×106 kg by 14.5% during the 4-year CO2 injection at constant rate of 60,000 m3/day with constraint pressure of 15,000 psi. Correspondingly over 99.98% of injected CO2 can be concurrently stored in the form of adsorbed and free gas in these case scenarios. Simulation results suggest that commercial CBM production could be established in the Karaganda Coal Basin, if properly implemented; meanwhile, the process entails enormous potential for CO2storage and represents a new opportunity for the Karaganda coal industry.
Application of Software Tools to Optimize Drilling Horizontal Wells in Mature Fields
Authors: Zhiyenbayev B. , Ashimov K. , Khasanov B. , Kurmangaliyev D.
Published: November 2022

Analysis of previously drilled horizontal wells in mature fields showed a lack of monitoring of drilling parameters in real time. For example, complications during the drilling process (slack off / pick up), low rate of penetration, poor wellbore cleaning, and as a result mechanical and differential, increased uncertainty of the location of wells leading to the risk of collision with other wellbores, also casing running problems and cementing.

The issue of monitoring drilling parameters in real time, considering the actual drilling parameters obtained from the well, is extremely important and in demand.

The workflow includes linking preplanned engineering calculations with actual data while drilling using software applications to optimize the following parameters:

mechanical integrity of the drill string and efficiency of the BHA depending on the type of operation (tripping in, tripping out, rotary drilling, slide drilling and etc.); drilling fluid circulation in the wellbore to ensure its cleaning and downhole pressure control (minimum flow rate and equivalent circulating density); calculation of running casing strings (trip speed, circulation, calculation of lateral forces etc.).

The described process of real-time monitoring of horizontal wells makes it possible to identify and prevent deviations from drilling technology at early stages and during drilling, thereby significantly reducing the likelihood of drilling problems and accidents, and as a result, it had a positive effect on the timing of well construction and its quality. This article demonstrates the method of control and production of calculations in accordance with actual data to optimize the drilling of horizontal wells in the fields. Examples of wells from several fields in the West Kazakhstan region where this technique is used are shown.
Mini-Acid: Novel Technical Solution for Wireline Formation Testing Efficiency Enhancement in Carbonate Reservoirs
Authors: Dzhalatyan Yakov , Kazakevich Eduard , Shelomikhina Irina , Belyakova Ludmila , Oparin Ivan , Malofeev Mikhail , Mayorov Andrey , Lukyantseva Ekaterina , Budko Artem
Published: November 2022

Carbonate reservoirs are widely spread all over Russian Land. Quite common methodology of carbonate wells productivity enhancement is reservoir stimulation with hydrochloric acid solutions (HCl).

However, deteriorated reservoir properties during formation evaluation and Wireline Formation Testing (WFT) in open hole, could significantly impact on reservoir characterization results.

This paper presents an innovative technique and several examples of its practical implementation, aimed to enhance WFT platforms performance in carbonate reservoirs. Technique involves low perm carbonate reservoirs stimulation using relatively low-volume acid solutions, immediately before performing formation testing with WFT platform. In addition, this technique allows to perform in-situ acid solutions effectiveness evaluation at reservoir conditions, naturally fractured reservoirs stimulation, as well as borehole surface clean-up in open hole and remedy work in cased hole, designated to scales removal from completion string components in cased hole.
Development of a Semi-Analytical Model of Gas Breakthrough to Horizontal Wells in Gas Cap Zones of Oil Rims Considering Heterogeneity of Reservoir Distribution
Authors: Elesin Artem Viktorovich , Samolovov Dmitry Alexeyevich , Apasov Renat Timergaleevich
Published: November 2022

The paper describes the experience of creating a semi-analytical model of gas breakthrough to a horizontal oil well located in the subgas zone of an oil rim. A physical-mathematical model is described, examples of using the model to predict the displacement characteristics of actual wells and using the model in the process of reservoir history matching are considered.
The Discrete-Imitational Modeling of the Pump-Well-Reservoir System with a Intermittent Sucker-Rod Pumping
Authors: Jamalbayov Mahammad , Valiyev Nazim
Published: November 2022

The work is devoted to the problem of modeling the filtration processes of light and non-volatile oils in compressible reservoirs with low reservoir pressure, inflow to the well and intermittent pumping of oil from the well by a sucker-rod pump in a integrated system.

The system under study is considered in the context of discrete simulation modeling. It consists of the following objects: Pump, well and reservoir (well-drained zone). An algorithm has been developed for determining the pump idle time based on the criterion of the minimum cost of oil extracted during a full pump cycle.

For the first time, a computer model of the pump-well-reservoir system was created on the base of the discrete-imitational modeling concept taking into account the PVT properties of reservoir fluids and the compressibility of the reservoir rocks. The sucker-rod pumping process in a intermittent mode has been studied, the nature of the influence of the pump idle time on the efficiency of the pumping at various reservoir permeabilities has been established. The developed algorithms can be used to create smart wells.
Modeling and Optimization of ESP Wells Operating in Intermittent Mode
Authors: Yudin Evgeniy , Piotrovskiy George , Smirnov Nikita , Bayrachnyi Daniel , Petrushin Michael , Isaeva Sabina , Yudin Paul
Published: November 2022

The problem of effective oil reservoir managing becomes quite challenging during the late stages of its production. That's why, going for the intermittent operational mode is typical use-case for low-rate wells with electrical submersible pump since it's more efficient from both economical and engineering point of view. So, finding optimal parameters becomes crucial for the getting best value from the changes made. Tackling this problem leads to creation of the complex algorithm which will allow to compose an accurate physically motivated mathematical representation of a real-world object and provide functionality of calculating the best-possible operating regime.

The physically driven mathematical model was designed which represents system of three key elements: "tubing–annulus–drainage area". They are connected with each other through boundary conditions defined in the submersible pump intake by mass conservation equations.

The optimization task can be split into two blocks. The first stage, adjusting the model to the real operational data to match calculated dynamics, is handled by introducing "adaptation" parameters which represents specifics of a certain tubing system and varying IPR curve.

The second stage, optimization itself, is implemented by various optimization-aimed algorithms which objective is maximizing income while following operational and geological constraints.

As the result the physically motivated model of well operated in intermittent mode was obtained. The program module was developed with use of designed model. This software provides functionality to predict operational dynamics of production, hydraulic and electrical behavior. The accuracy of this approach to representing periodic well was verified by close analysis of convergence with well-trusted transient flow oil and gas simulator.

Developed modeling tools were the core for optimization program which are developed for the sake of finding the best possible parameters for a well with an ESP pump operated in periodic mode. It is worth to mention that this algorithm is also takes into account all geological and mechanical constraints.
Intelligent Methods for Analyzing High-Frequency Production Data to Optimize Well Operation Modes
Authors: Judin Evgeniy , Andrianova Alla , Ganeev Timur , Kobzar Oleg , Isaev Danil , Polinov Mikhail , Gudilov Mikhail , Shestakov Aleksandr , Mosyagin Grigoriy , Chadin Evgeniy , Sirotkin Artem , Chervyak Artem , Kradinov Ivan , Bagaziy Artem , Ovechkin Vlas
Published: November 2022

The digital transformation implies a new approach to petroleum engineering. It based on the analysing of high-frequency data, automatization of business processes and the spread of artificial intelligence.

Now modern wells are highly equipped, their operation is monitored by more than 50 sensor types (pressures and temperatures in different system units, electric telemetry data from submersible equipment and etc.). More than 10,000 measurements are accumulated daily for the well. Manual processing of such a large amount of information is impossible. A petroleum engineer usually analyses average values and only when there are problems does it necessary to check high-frequency data. Cause of high frequency measurements contain valuable information, the task of developing algorithms for the automatic analysis of large amounts of field data is relevant.

In addition, oil reserves are decreasing, the physics of processes in the reservoir, well and surface facilities is becoming more complex. Highly productive oil reservoirs are being replaced with hard-to-recover reserves, oil and gas condensates and fringes. In those conditions it is highly relevant to apply advanced methods of information analysis and mathematical models.

Methods of automatic analysis of high-frequency telemetry data are at the stage of active development and introduction into technological processes in petroleum industry [1]. The article presents the solutions of various problems of petroleum engineering by using advanced methods of data analysis and shows the tools that have allowed to achieve economic effects.

The most important intraday data reviewing duties are quickly identification of down time, well mode regime optimization, preventing frow rate deviations from the planned one. The prompt decision allows to identify decrease of oil rate and cut back non-production expense.
Offshore Natural Gas Hydrate Prevention: A Promising Cavitation Method
Authors: Wang Mingbo , Wang Wei , Guo Li-bo
Published: November 2022

The high-pressure, low-temperature environment prevailing in offshore gas production and transportation is prone to forming methane hydrates inside the tubings or pipelines, resulting in reduced production and flow assurance problems. Conventional hydrate prevention relies on the continuous injection of chemicals to alter the chemical potential of the mixture stream. Such a method has the disadvantages of high cost, high toxicity, and high environmental impact. Effective hydrate prevention methods are urgently needed in offshore petroleum engineering.

When fluid in nozzles or near turbine blades experiences an abrupt pressure drop, cavitation bubbles form and accumulate in the fluid. Bubbles collapse as they move downstream along the flow. As the bubble collapse, extremely high temperature and high pressure are generated, and the ambient fluid around the bubble is heated. In this paper, the thermal effect of cavitation is introduced into methane hydrate prevention. A numerical simulation of cavitation inside an injector was performed, an experimental setup was established, and the influences of various working parameters such as injection pressure, injection frequency, and fluid temperature on the thermal effect of cavitation were analyzed.

Computational fluid dynamics studies have revealed the bubble collapse process. The evolution of pressure and temperature inside and outside the bubble has been analyzed and validated by previous experimental observations. Different impact chambers have been tested for their cavitation performance, and the one with a cone shape shows superior performance over the other two. In the experimental observations, an increase in the injection pressure leads to an increase in the fluid temperature. An increase in injection frequency and chamber pressure facilitates the increase in ambient fluid temperature, while a further increase in fluid temperature hinders the cavitation heating process. A tubing configuration with a cavitation method is also proposed in this paper.
A Digital Analytics Solution for Analyzing a Population of Electric Submersible Pumps
Authors: Sutyrina Olga , Ovchinnikov Semyon , Yuldasheva Aliya , Lyzhin Boris , Sofronov Ivan , Pico Yamid
Published: November 2022

The electrical submersible pump (ESP), an efficient artificial lift method, was developed to increase production rates from wellbores (Bates et al. 2004). As the number of ESP installations increases annually, there is a greater awareness of their environmental impact and a growing responsibility to reduce the associated carbon footprint because frequent workovers to replace failed ESPs are primary sources of carbon dioxide emissions from the oil and gas industry. Because of this, companies are beginning to pursue cost reductions and look for methods to mitigate the consequences of production. Systems for monitoring ESP performance in real time are currently being developed on the basis of data analysis to detect potential problems in advance.

This paper presents a digital solution for tracking ESP performance that includes an automated data processing pipeline and the use of statistical metrics to analyze the dynamics of failure and run life at the system node level. This comprehensive analysis helps diagnose problematic equipment nodes using developed web applications. The recommendation system determines the most-reliable ESP configurations under the necessary operating conditions.
Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques to Develop Mature Oilfields
Authors: Isaev Anatoliy Andreevich , Takhautdinov Rustem Shafagatovich , Yunusov Irek Miyassarovich , Novikov Maxim Gennadievich , Malykhin Vladimir Ivanovich
Published: November 2022

Enhanced recovery of residual deposits from the mature fields with steadily increasing water cut is considered one of the most important tasks in oil field development. This is particularly relevant for terrigenous deposits of minor oil fields under the third and fourth stages of development, when the water cut may grow but fail to reach the expected stabilization asymptote, thereby bringing the issue of economic feasibility of further operation into discussion. Efforts to solve these problems through the conventional techniques of cyclic injection (huff ‘n’ puff process), inflow/conformance control, filtration flow modification, and polymer flooding are generally unsuccessful.

The paper reviews information on methods of steadying oil production, reducing water cut and preventing its growth, as well as on a set of measures to improve the efficiency of developing the Zarechnoye field in the Republic of Tatarstan.
Mature Fields Oil Production Enhancement by Pulse Code Testing
Authors: Ganiev Bulat , Lutfullin Azat , Karimov Ildar , Mukhliev Ilnur , Krichevsky Vladimir , Zinurov Linar , Mingaraev Ramil , Gulyaev Danila , Farakhova Rushana
Published: November 2022

Over the course of many years of production, fields that were producing for decades begin to reach mature stages. Most producers at these oilfields have high watercut, and these negative effects the oil production. However, the reason why the wells have a high watercut may not even be related to injectors which cause reservoir flooding, or to bottom-water coning. Typically, the cause of flooding in producers are behind casing and inside casing circulations, tubing leaks, bottom hole leaks, etc., while hydrocarbon reserves around such wells remain unprocessed. After performing water shut-offs on wells with these complications, it is now possible to reduce watercut and also develop poorly drained reserves. The purpose of this paper is to identify "problematic" wells which have high watercut and contain potentially uncovered reserves, which can be fixed by water shut offs to increase recovery factor.
Scure 2-domination in graphs
Authors: Boufelgha Ibrahim , AHMIA Moussa , Guettiche Mourad
Published: November 2022

Let G = (V, E) be a simple graph. A set D ⊆ V is a dominating set of G if every vertex in V \ D is adjacent to at least one vertex in D. D is 2-dominating if every vertex in V \D has at least two neighbors in D. A secure dominating set S of a graph G is a dominating set with the property that every vertex u in V \S is adjacent to a vertex v ∈ S such that (S\{v}) ∪ {u} is a dominating set. In this paper, we define and study a new invariant of domination in graphs which is the secure 2-dominating set. A 2-dominating set S is secure 2-dominating if for every vertex u in V \S, ∃v ∈ (S ∩ N(u)) such that (S\{v}) ∪ {u} is a 2-dominating set. The secure 2-domination number γs2 (G) is equal to the minimum cardinality of a secure 2-dominating set. First, we establish lower and upper bounds on γs2 (G) of a graph and a triangle-free graph. Then we determine the secure 2-domination number γs2 (G) of paths and cycles. After, we study the complexity of secure 2-domination problem by proving that the determining of the parameters value is NP-complete, also for split and bipartite graphs. Finally, we provide an upper bound of parameter in terms of clique number and independent number for perfect graphs.
Microvascular alterations of peripapillary choriocapillaris in young adult high myopia detected by optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Lei Jie , Fan yuanyuan , Bian Cunxin , Yuan Songtao , Ye Yurong , Huang Kun , Chen Qiang , Hu Zizhong , Liu Qinghuai , Yang Bin , Xie Ping
Published: November 2022

Objectives.
To characterize the microstructural alterations of peripapillary choriocapillaris in young adult high myopes using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to explore factors involved in the alterations.
Methods.
This cross-sectional control study included 205 eyes (95 with high myopia and 110 with mild-moderate myopia). The choroidal vascular network was imaged using OCTA, and the images underwent manual adjustments to determine the peripapillary atrophy (PPA)-β zone and microvascular dropout (MvD). The area of MvD and PPA-β zone, spherical equivalent (SE), and axial length (AL) were collected and compared across groups.
Results.
The MvD was identified in 195 eyes (95.1%). Highly myopic eyes exhibited significantly greater area of PPA-β zone (1.221 ± 0.073 vs. 0.562 ± 0.383 mm2, P = 0.001) and MvD (0.248 ± 0.191 vs. 0.089 ± 0.082 mm2, P < 0.001) compared with mildly-moderately myopic eyes, and lower average density in the choriocapillaris. Linear regression analysis showed that MvD area correlated age, SE, AL, and PPA-β area (all P < 0.05).
Conclusions.
MvDs represent choroidal microvascular alterations in young adult high myopes, which were correlated with age, SE, AL, and PPA-β zone. In this disorder, OCTA matters for characterizing the underlying pathophysiological adaptations.
Epi-Clock: A sensitive platform to help understand pathogenic disease outbreaks and facilitate the response to future outbreaks of concern.
Authors: Ji Cong , Shao Junbin Jack
Published: November 2022

Background
The lack of virus fossilization precludes any references or ancestors for inferring evolutionary processes, and viruses have no cell structure, metabolism, or space to reproduce outside host cells. Most mutations yielding high pathogenicity go extinct from the population, but adaptive mutations could be epidemically transmitted and fixed in the population. Therefore, determining how viruses originated, how they diverged and how an infectious disease was transmitted are serious challenges.
Methods
To predict potential epidemic outbreaks, we tested our strategy, Epi-Clock, which applies the ZHU algorithm on different SARS-CoV-2 datasets before outbreaks to search for real significant mutational accumulation patterns correlated with the outbreak events. We imagine that specific amino acid substitutions would be triggers for outbreaks.
Results
Surprisingly, some inter-species genetic distances of Coronaviridae were shorter than the intra-species distances, which may represent the intermediate states of different species or subspecies in the evolutionary history of Coronaviridae. The insertions and deletions of whole genome sequences between different hosts were separately associated with new functions or turning points, clearly indicating their important roles in the host transmission and shifts of Coronaviridae. Furthermore, we believe that non-nucleosomal DNA may play dominant roles in the divergence of different lineages of SARS-CoV-2 in different regions of the world because of the lack of nucleosome protection. We suggest that strong selective variation among different lineages of SARS-CoV-2 is required to produce strong codon usage bias. Interestingly, we found that an increasing number of other types of substitutions, such as those resulting from the hitchhiking effect, have accumulated, especially in the pre-breakout phase, even though some previous substitutions were replaced by other dominant genotypes. From most validations, we could accurately predict the potential pre-phase of outbreaks with a median interval of 5 days before. Using our pipeline, users may review updated information on the website https://bioinfo.liferiver.com.cn with easy registration.
Conclusions
Here, we propose Epi-Clock, a sensitive platform to help understand pathogenic disease outbreaks and facilitate the response to future outbreaks, similar to a clock that can signal the need to assist individuals at focal locations by using diagnostics, isolation control, vaccines or therapy at any time.
Changes in biomarkers of redox status in serum and saliva in dogs with hypothyroidism
Authors: Arostegui Luis G. González , Prieto Alberto Muñoz , Marín Luis Pardo , López Gregorio García , Tvarijonaviciute Asta , Cerón José Joaquín , Rubio Camila Peres
Published: November 2022

Background: Hypothyroidism is the most common endocrine disorder diagnosed in dogs, leading to deleterious effects on dog’s life quality. This study aims to evaluate changes in the redox status in canine hypothyroidism. For this purpose, a comprehensive panel of antioxidants and oxidants was measured in serum and saliva of 23 dogs with hypothyroidism, 20 dogs with non-thyroidal illness and 16 healthy dogs. Among the antioxidants, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), ferric reducing ability of plasma or saliva (FRAP or FRAS, respectively), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC),thiol, paraoxonase type 1 (PON-1) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were determined. The oxidant biomarkers included were total oxidant status (TOS), peroxide-activity (POX-Act), reactive oxygen-derived compounds (d-ROMs), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS).
Results: Results showed a significantly higher TEAC, PON-1, GPx, TOS, POX-Act and d-ROMs, and a significantly lower of AOPP in serum of dogs with hypothyroidism, except when AOPP was corrected by serum albumin concentration. Meanwhile, a significantly lower FRAS and AOPP was observed in saliva of dogs with hypothyroidism. Once salivary concentrations were corrected based on their total protein concentrations, the only analyte showing significant changes was TBARS that was significantly higher in dogs with hypothyroidism
Conclusions: Our results show thatdogs with hypothyroidism present alterations in the redox status in both serum and saliva. This study should be considered a preliminary study and further research addressing these changes should be made using larger populations.
Gastroenteroanastomosis with a linear or circular stapler? Is there really a preference for laparoscopic gastric bypass?
Authors: Netto Matheus , Tinoco Augusto , FonteBôa Igor , Duval-Araújo Ivana
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) is an effective and well-accepted procedure for the treatment of morbid obesity but has complications such as stenosis of the gastroenteroanastomosis (GE), GE leak, surgical site infection, and stapling malfunction. Some aspects related to the surgical technique have been described in the literature as the cause of these complications, especially stenosis of the gastrojejunal anastomosis. This study evaluated the efficiency of weight loss and the incidence of short- and mid-term postoperative complications in patients undergoing LRYGB in which anastomosis was performed using a linear stapler (LSA) or a circular stapler (CSA). METHODS: Prospective observational study conducted between April 2016 and March 2019. The data were extracted from a database that includes patients undergoing LRYGB performed by the same surgeon and at the same institution. Data were collected on gastroenteroanastomosis technique, postoperative complications, and excess body weight loss at 30, 180, and 360 days. RESULTS: Data from 457 patients were analyzed, of which 216 patients were in the LSA group and 241, in the CSA group. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding initial BMI, age, gender, and comorbidities. Operative time, hospital stay, and excess body weight loss during the 12-month follow-up period were also similar in the two groups. There were four cases (1.7%) of GE stenosis in the CSA group and only one case (0.5%) in the LSA group, which were treated with one successful endoscopic dilatation. Stapler malfunction occurred in both groups: CSA (0.4%) and LSA (0.5%), and was repaired with intraoperative manual suture, and a GE leak developed (0.4%) only in the CSA group, which was successfully treated conservatively. Surgical site infection was found in five patients in the CSA group (2.1%) and two patients in the LSA group (0.9%). No statistical difference was found between the two groups in any of the variables analyzed (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both stapling techniques resulted in a similar loss of excess body weight during the follow-up period. Although the LSA group had fewer total complications, these were not statistically significant, which substantiates the fact that both techniques are safe and feasible, provided they are performed by a surgeon with a long learning curve in laparoscopic bariatric surgery.
Assessment of hydrogeochemistry of shallow aquifer using corrosion indices and geospatial techniques in the regions of Brahmaputra River Basin, India
Authors: Sharma Gulshan Kumar , Jena Roomesh Kumar , Moharana Pravash Chandra , Ray Prasenjit , Ali Shakir , Mourya Krishna Kumar , Das Bachaspati
Published: November 2022

Present study was conducted on groundwater hydrogeochemistry in the Majuli River Island of the Brahmaputra River, India. Forty three groundwater samples were collected from shallow aquifers from different sites in the Majuli river basin, and analysed for various physico-chemical water quality parameters. Study showed that nearly 27.0 and 79.10, 88.43 and 74.41% of groundwater samples had higher nitrate, total hardness, iron and manganese content, respectively than the acceptable limits of the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) for drinking water. The water quality index revealed that 72.0% samples were not suitable for human drinking purpose. For analysing the corrosiveness and scaling potential of groundwater, indices namely, Langelier saturation index (LSI), Ryznar stability (RSI), Puckorius scaling (PSI), Larson skold indexes (LaI) and Chloride sulphate mass ratio (CSMR) were computed. The Ryznar index value of 70.0% collected groundwater samples were found to be more than 7.0 depicting significant corrosion towards the groundwater. Similarly, 90.69% samples had the PSI value > 6.5, representing tendency for corrosion. The CSMR value of 95.34% samples were > 0.5 in the study area. These indices also revealed that majority of groundwater samples of the Majuli River Island were corrosive in nature due to its non-alkaline characteristic and high iron content in the groundwater. The groundwater of the Majuli River Island may cause detrimental impacts on the domestic and industrial water quality and water distribution systems.
Homology-Directed Repair of an MYBPC3 gene mutation in a rat model of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Nie Jiali , Han Yu , Jin Zhiyuan , Hang Weijian , Shu Hongyang , Wen Zheng , Ni Li , Wang Dao Wen
Published: November 2022

Variants in myosin-binding protein C3 (MYBPC3) gene are a main cause of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), accounting for 30–40% of the total number of HCM cases. Gene editing represents a potential permanent cure for HCM. The aim of this study was to investigate whether genome editing of MYBPC3 using the CRISPR/Cas9 system in vivo could rescue the phenotype of rats with HCM. We generated a rat model of HCM (“1098hom”) that carried an Mybpc3 premature termination codon mutation (p.W1098x) discovered in a human HCM pedigree. On postnatal day 3, the CRISPR/Cas9 system was introduced into rat pups by a single dose of AAV9 particles to correct the variant using homology-directed repair (HDR). Analysis was performed 6 months after AAV9 injection. The 1098hom rats didn’t express MYBPC3 protein and developed an HCM phenotype with increased ventricular wall thickness and diminished cardiac function. Importantly, CRISPR HDR genome editing corrected 3.56% of total mutations, restored MYBPC3 protein expression by 2.12%, and normalized the HCM phenotype of 1098hom rats. Our work demonstrates that the HDR strategy is a promising approach for treating HCM associated with MYBPC3 mutation, and that CRISPR technology has great potential for treating hereditary heart disease.
Minimally invasive surgery for pleuroperitoneal communication complicating peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Wang Luming , Liu Jiacong , Wang Yaomin , Zhu Linhai , Hu Jian
Published: November 2022

Objective
Pleuroperitoneal communication (PPC) is an uncommon but serious complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). At present, there are many kinds of treatment options, with different effects. We describe our single-institutional experiences in the minimally invasive surgery of pleuroperitoneal communication complicating continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in detail.
Methods
Our study consecutively enrolled twelve pleuroperitoneal communication patients complicating CAPD. All patients underwent direct closure of the defective diaphragm and mechanical rub pleurodesis under video-assisted thoracoscopy. What’s more, pseudomonas aeruginosa injection was infused into the thoracic cavity postoperatively to further promote pleural adhesion, which was the innovation of our study. The follow-up date was not ended until termination of the study.
Results
After 1.0-8.3 months (mean: 3.6 months) of CAPD, all twelve patients occurred hydrothorax in the right side. And all these patients received surgery 7-179 days (mean: 38.3 days) after onset. The mean operation time was 63.4 min (range, 27–150 min). Bleblike lesions situated on the diaphragm were discovered in all patients and three patients also had obvious hole on the surface of diaphragm. Pseudomonas aeruginosa injection was infused into the thoracic cavity postoperatively, and three cases occurred fever with remission after 2–3 days of symptomatic treatment. The time from surgery to restarting CAPD ranged from 14 to 47 days, with an average of 22.3 days. There was no recurrence of hydrothorax and transformation to hemodialysis during the follow-up period (mean: 9.0 months).
Conclusions
Video-assisted thoracoscopic direct closure of the defective diaphragm and mechanical rub pleurodesis plus chemical pleurodesis using pseudomonas aeruginosa injection postoperatively is a safe and effective option for the treatment of pleuroperitoneal communication complicating continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis with 100% success rate.
Global research trends on immunotherapy in cancer: a visualization analysis
Authors: Wu Weijia , Zhao Lei
Published: November 2022

Background
Cancer immunotherapy has been gradually introduced and has undergone noteworthy developments in recent years. The number of scientific publications has been expanding, and the progression in this field has been rapidly evolving with time.
Objective
This study aimed to use bibliometric analysis of the published literature on immunotherapy in cancer to illustrate the research trends over the past 20 years and to summarize the hotspots for future studies.
Methods
A literature search for medical publications on immunotherapy in cancer from 2000 to 2021 was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection on March 1, 2022. Visualization analysis was performed using VOSviewer software (version 1.6.16).
Results
From 2000 to 2021, a total of 18,778 publications were retrieved. Annual publication output grew rapidly from 366 in 2000 to 3,194 in 2021, with a clear increase in publications in 2017. The USA issued the largest number of publications (n = 6,739, 35.89%), with the University of Texas System making the largest contribution (n = 802, 4.27%). A total of 976 meaningful topics were identified and further classified into 4 different clusters. The most common research topics included ‘expression’, ‘chemotherapy’, ‘dendritic cells’, ‘pembrolizumab’ and ‘open-label’. Highly identified cancer types included hepatocellular, bladder, breast and lung cancer. A shift in popularity from mechanism research to clinical trials was observed, indicating that clinical application would be the center of attention in the future.
Conclusions
Attention has been given to the field of cancer immunotherapy, and this trend will continue in the future. This study provides an unbiased visualization analysis on this topic in a scale-efficient manner for further research.
Effects of nonlinear hyper-viscoelasticity and matrix/fiber debonding on mechanical properties of short carbon fiber/SBR composites under cyclic uniaxial loads using an RVE-based multiscale finite element model
Authors: Andideh Mohammad , Ghoreihy Mir Hamid Reza , Soltani Sedigheh , Abbassi-Sourki Foroud
Published: November 2022

This research work is devoted to the development of an RVE-based finite element analysis of short carbon fiber (SCF) reinforced rubber composites under uniaxial tensile loads by a novel approach. A micro model was developed with periodic geometry and random distribution of the short fiber in it. Three different zones including rubber matrix, SCF as the inclusion phase, and a thin layer as the interphase were considered. A nonlinear hyper-viscoelastic model was selected for the matrix in conjunction with linear viscoelastic and elastic models for the interphase and reinforcing parts, respectively. The analyses were carried out at two loading-unloading rates of 10 mm/min and 100 mm/min subjected to incrementally-increased cyclic loads. Two interface conditions were taken into account. In the first case, a perfect bonding was assumed between matrix and SCF while in the second, partial debonding between fiber and polymer was considered. The latter was modeled via XFEM with a crack initial criterion. An integral averaging technique was employed to predict the stress and strain at the macro-scale. Comparison of the predicted results with experimentally measured data revealed that the adopted methodology and modeling techniques are quite able to predict the stress and strain and thus confirmed the accuracy and correctness of the multiscale approach and selected material models.
Effects of psychological intervention under ERAS on recovery,HAMA,HAMD and pulmonary function in patients with lung cancer surgery
Authors: Li Ting , Wang Jiyun , Hou Bofeng , Li Lan , Zhang Xiaohui , Zou Cuijie , Wang Chunyan
Published: November 2022

[Abstract] Backgroud: The improvement effect of ERAS combined with psychological intervention on lung function and psychological status of lung cancer surgery subjects was analyzed. Methods: The clinical data of 90 patients with lung cancer surgery were collected and randomly divided into two groups.The group receiving enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)combined with psychological intervention was the ERAS group(n=45),and the group receiving routine intervention was the single group(n=45);The baseline data,postoperative recovery,psychological improvement,pain improvement at different time points,pulmonary function level,quality of life,complications and satisfaction were analyzed. Results: The results showed that the postoperative recovery,psychological improvement,pain improvement at different time points,pulmonary function level,quality of life,complications and satisfaction in the ERAS group were significantly better than those in the conventional group(P<0.05). Conclusion: It shows that the clinical efficacy of ERAS combined with psychological intervention is better than that of conventional intervention,which can significantly improve the pulmonary function level and psychological problems of patients,promote recovery,and has certain safety and is more easily accepted by patients.
An Effective Method to Prevent Sports Injury and Analysis of Related High Risk Factors in Public Health
Authors: Dai Danfeng , Zhang Miaolin , Shen Baojie , Ruan Di
Published: November 2022

Methods
A random sample of 140 college football players is surveyed using injured players (n = 110) and uninjured players (n = 30) to identify significant variables between injured and uninjured players.
Results
In this paper, epidemiological and sociological methods are used to investigate the characteristics of sports injuries among college football players, and the risk factors of sports injuries were studied in depth, so as to obtain the characteristics and characteristics of sports injuries and provide a basis for the prevention of sports injuries in the future.
Conclusion
Logistic regression model analysis results show that sports quality, sports level, training level, attendance times and time, different venues and other factors were the risk factors of college students football injury.
Environmental concerns, physical and mental health among Palestinians: The mediating roles of optimism, pessimism and meaning in life
Authors: Bdier Dana , Veronese Guido , Mahamid Fayez , Kittaneh Hala
Published: November 2022

We investigated the association between environmental concerns, health and mental health among Palestinians and whether optimism, pessimism and meaning in life mediate the association between these variables. The sample of our study consisted or 504 participants were selected using online tools. The findings revealed that pessimism negatively correlated with optimism, mental health, physical health, and meaning in life, while optimism positively correlated with mental health, physical health, and meaning in life and negatively correlated with environmental concerns. Moreover, meaning in life correlated negatively with environmental concerns. Structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis showed that optimism, pessimism, and meaning in life mediate the correlation between environmental concerns, health and mental health with a good fit for our model. In the case of Palestinian territories, environmental concerns and issues are driven mainly by politics affecting people's health and mental well-being. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct similar studies to explore protective factors against environmental concerns in the Palestinian context, which will help develop appropriate interventions to enhance mental health in a society characterized by high stressors and prolonged trauma
Comparative transcriptome analysis unravels key factors regulating nitrogen use efficiency in chrysanthemum
Authors: GE Lijiao , MIAO Weihao , DUAN Kuolin , SUN Tong , Fang Xinyan , GUAN Zhiyong , JIANG Jiafu , CHEN Sumei , FANG Weimin , CHEN Fadi , ZHAO Shuang
Published: November 2022

Background: Nitrogen (N) is a limiting factor that determines yield and quality of chrysanthemum. Genetic variation in N use efficiency (NUE) has been reported among genotypes of chrysanthemum. We performed transcriptome analysis of two chrysanthemum genotypes, ‘Nannonglihuang’ (‘LH’, N-efficient genotype) and ‘Nannongxuefeng’ (‘XF’, N-inefficient genotype), under low N (0.4 mM/L N) and normal N (8 mM/L N) treatments for 15 d and N recovery treatment for 12 h (low N treatment for 15 d and then normal N treatment for 12 h) to understand the genetic factors impacting NUE in chrysanthemum.
Results: The two genotypes exhibited contrasting responses to different N treatments. N-efficient genotype ‘LH’had significant superiority in agronomic traits, N accumulation and glutamine synthase (GS) activity, under normal N and low N treatments. Transcriptome analysis revealed that low N treatment promoted root growth and increased the expression of partial N uptake genes, genes related to auxin, abscisic acid, and gibberellin signal transduction in roots of ‘LH’. N recovery treatment increased the expression of genes related to the cytokinin signal transduction in roots of ‘LH’. The expression of NRT2-1, AMT1-1, Gln1, genes related to gibberellin (GID1B, GID2, GAI) and cytokinin signal transduction (AHK2, AHK3, AHK4, ARR4, ARR5, ARR9) in roots of ‘LH’ was higher than that in ‘XF’ under different N treatments, suggesting that the genes related to N metabolism and hormone (auxin, abscisic acid, gibberellin, and cytokinin) signal transduction in roots of ‘LH’ were more sensitive to different N treatments than those of ‘XF’. The network analysis also identified hub genes like bZIP43, bHLH93, NPF6.3, IBR10, MYB62, PP2C, PP2C06 and NLP7, which may be the key regulators of N-mediated response in chrysanthemum and play crucial roles in enhancing NUE and resistance to low N stress in the N-efficient chrysanthemum genotype.
Conclusion: This study unravels key factors of regulating NUE in chrysanthemum at the genetic level, and could be useful for genotype improvement and breeding of high NUE chrysanthemum genotypes.