bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical evidence for a small-scale dynamo approaching solar magnetic Prandtl numbers
Authors: Warnecke Jörn , Korpi-Lagg Maarit J. , Gent Frederick A. , Rheinhardt Matthias
Published: May 2023

Magnetic fields on small scales are ubiquitous in the Universe. Although they can often be observed in detail, their generation mechanisms are not fully understood. One possibility is the so-called small-scale dynamo (SSD). Prevailing numerical evidence, however, appears to indicate that an SSD is unlikely to exist at very low magnetic Prandtl numbers (PrM) such as those that are present in the Sun and other cool stars. Here we have performed high-resolution simulations of isothermal forced turbulence using the lowest PrM values achieved so far. Contrary to earlier findings, the SSD not only turns out to be possible for PrM down to 0.0031 but also becomes increasingly easier to excite for PrM below about 0.05. We relate this behaviour to the known hydrodynamic phenomenon referred to as the bottleneck effect. Extrapolating our results to solar values of PrM indicates that an SSD would be possible under such conditions.
Symbioses shape feeding niches and diversification across insects
Authors: Cornwallis Charlie K. , van ’t Padje Anouk , Ellers Jacintha , Klein Malin , Jackson Raphaella , Kiers E. Toby , West Stuart A. , Henry Lee M.
Published: May 2023

For over 300 million years, insects have relied on symbiotic microbes for nutrition and defence. However, it is unclear whether specific ecological conditions have repeatedly favoured the evolution of symbioses, and how this has influenced insect diversification. Here, using data on 1,850 microbe–insect symbioses across 402 insect families, we found that symbionts have allowed insects to specialize on a range of nutrient-imbalanced diets, including phloem, blood and wood. Across diets, the only limiting nutrient consistently associated with the evolution of obligate symbiosis was B vitamins. The shift to new diets, facilitated by symbionts, had mixed consequences for insect diversification. In some cases, such as herbivory, it resulted in spectacular species proliferation. In other niches, such as strict blood feeding, diversification has been severely constrained. Symbioses therefore appear to solve widespread nutrient deficiencies for insects, but the consequences for insect diversification depend on the feeding niche that is invaded.
Flat band separation and robust spin Berry curvature in bilayer kagome metals
Authors: Di Sante Domenico , Bigi Chiara , Eck Philipp , Enzner Stefan , Consiglio Armando , Pokharel Ganesh , Carrara Pietro , Orgiani Pasquale , Polewczyk Vincent , Fujii Jun , King Phil D. C. , Vobornik Ivana , Rossi Giorgio , Zeljkovic Ilija , Wilson Stephen D. , Thomale Ronny , Sangiovanni Giorgio , Panaccione Giancarlo , Mazzola Federico
Published: May 2023

Kagome materials have emerged as a setting for emergent electronic phenomena that encompass different aspects of symmetry and topology. It is debated whether the XV6Sn6 kagome family (where X is a rare-earth element), a recently discovered family of bilayer kagome metals, hosts a topologically non-trivial ground state resulting from the opening of spin–orbit coupling gaps. These states would carry a finite spin Berry curvature, and topological surface states. Here we investigate the spin and electronic structure of the XV6Sn6 kagome family. We obtain evidence for a finite spin Berry curvature contribution at the centre of the Brillouin zone, where the nearly flat band detaches from the dispersing Dirac band because of spin–orbit coupling. In addition, the spin Berry curvature is further investigated in the charge density wave regime of ScV6Sn6 and it is found to be robust against the onset of the temperature-driven ordered phase. Utilizing the sensitivity of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to the spin and orbital angular momentum, our work unveils the spin Berry curvature of topological kagome metals and helps to define its spectroscopic fingerprint.
An integrated tumor, immune and microbiome atlas of colon cancer
Authors: Roelands Jessica , Kuppen Peter J. K. , Ahmed Eiman I. , Mall Raghvendra , Masoodi Tariq , Singh Parul , Monaco Gianni , Raynaud Christophe , de Miranda Noel F.C.C. , Ferraro Luigi , Carneiro-Lobo Tatiana C. , Syed Najeeb , Rawat Arun , Awad Amany , Decock Julie , Mifsud William , Miller Lance D. , Sherif Shimaa , Mohamed Mahmoud G. , Rinchai Darawan , Van den Eynde Marc , Sayaman Rosalyn W. , Ziv Elad , Bertucci Francois , Petkar Mahir Abdulla , Lorenz Stephan , Mathew Lisa Sara , Wang Kun , Murugesan Selvasankar , Chaussabel Damien , Vahrmeijer Alexander L. , Wang Ena , Ceccarelli Anna , Fakhro Khalid A. , Zoppoli Gabriele , Ballestrero Alberto , Tollenaar Rob A.E.M. , Marincola Francesco M. , Galon Jérôme , Khodor Souhaila Al , Ceccarelli Michele , Hendrickx Wouter , Bedognetti Davide
Published: May 2023

The lack of multi-omics cancer datasets with extensive follow-up information hinders the identification of accurate biomarkers of clinical outcome. In this cohort study, we performed comprehensive genomic analyses on fresh-frozen samples from 348 patients affected by primary colon cancer, encompassing RNA, whole-exome, deep T cell receptor and 16S bacterial rRNA gene sequencing on tumor and matched healthy colon tissue, complemented with tumor whole-genome sequencing for further microbiome characterization. A type 1 helper T cell, cytotoxic, gene expression signature, called Immunologic Constant of Rejection, captured the presence of clonally expanded, tumor-enriched T cell clones and outperformed conventional prognostic molecular biomarkers, such as the consensus molecular subtype and the microsatellite instability classifications. Quantification of genetic immunoediting, defined as a lower number of neoantigens than expected, further refined its prognostic value. We identified a microbiome signature, driven by Ruminococcus bromii, associated with a favorable outcome. By combining microbiome signature and Immunologic Constant of Rejection, we developed and validated a composite score (mICRoScore), which identifies a group of patients with excellent survival probability. The publicly available multi-omics dataset provides a resource for better understanding colon cancer biology that could facilitate the discovery of personalized therapeutic approaches.
Ammonia oxidizing archaea and bacteria respond to different manure application rates during organic vegetable cultivation in Northwest China
Authors: Wang Zhan , Li Yinkun , Zheng Wengang , Ji Yuru , Duan Minjie , Ma Li
Published: May 2023

Ammonia oxidization is a critical process in nitrogen cycling that involves ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB). However, the effects of different manure amounts on ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOMs) over the course of organic vegetables production remains unclear. We used the amoA gene to evaluated AOMs abundance and community structure in organic vegetable fields. Quantitative PCR revealed that AOB were more abundant than AOA. Among them, the amoA copy number of AOB treated with 900 kgN ha−1 was 21.3 times that of AOA. The potential nitrification rate was significantly correlated with AOB abundance (P < 0.0001) but not with AOA, suggesting that AOB might contribute more to nitrification than AOA. AOB sequences were classified into Nitrosomonas and Nitrosospira, and AOA into Nitrosopumilus and Nitrososphaera. Nitrosomonas and Nitrosopumilus were predominant in treatments that received manure nitrogen at ≥ 900 kg ha−1 (52.7–56.5%) and when manure was added (72.7–99.8%), respectively, whereas Nitrosospira and Nitrososphaera occupied more than a half percentage in those that received ≤ 600 kg ha−1 (58.4–84.9%) and no manure (59.6%). A similar manure rate resulted in more identical AOMs’ community structures than greater difference manure rate. The bacterial amoA gene abundances and ratios of AOB and AOA showed significantly positive correlations with soil electrical conductivity, total carbon and nitrogen, nitrate, phosphorus, potassium, and organic carbon, indicating that these were potential key factors influencing AOMs. This study explored the AOMs’ variation in organic vegetable fields in Northwest China and provided a theoretical basis and reference for the subsequent formulation of proper manure management.
Machine learning-based predictive models for the occurrence of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: model development and validation
Authors: Cho Eunhee , Kim Sujin , Heo Seok-Jae , Shin Jinhee , Hwang Sinwoo , Kwon Eunji , Lee SungHee , Kim SangGyun , Kang Bada
Published: May 2023

The behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are challenging aspects of dementia care. This study used machine learning models to predict the occurrence of BPSD among community-dwelling older adults with dementia. We included 187 older adults with dementia for model training and 35 older adults with dementia for external validation. Demographic and health data and premorbid personality traits were examined at the baseline, and actigraphy was utilized to monitor sleep and activity levels. A symptom diary tracked caregiver-perceived symptom triggers and the daily occurrence of 12 BPSD classified into seven subsyndromes. Several prediction models were also employed, including logistic regression, random forest, gradient boosting machine, and support vector machine. The random forest models revealed the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values for hyperactivity, euphoria/elation, and appetite and eating disorders; the gradient boosting machine models for psychotic and affective symptoms; and the support vector machine model showed the highest AUC. The gradient boosting machine model achieved the best performance in terms of average AUC scores across the seven subsyndromes. Caregiver-perceived triggers demonstrated higher feature importance values across the seven subsyndromes than other features. Our findings demonstrate the possibility of predicting BPSD using a machine learning approach.
Rapid ammonia build-up in small individually ventilated mouse cages cannot be overcome by adjusting the amount of bedding
Authors: Eskandarani Mahmud A. , Hau Jann , Kalliokoski Otto
Published: May 2023

We sought to investigate if varying levels of bedding had an effect on intra-cage ammonia levels in individually ventilated mouse cages (Euro Standard Types II and III). Employing a routine 2 week cage-changing interval, our goal is to keep ammonia levels under 50 ppm. In smaller cages used for breeding or for housing more than four mice, we measured problematic levels of intra-cage ammonia, and a considerable proportion of these cages had ammonia levels at more than 50 ppm toward the end of the cage-change cycle. These levels were not reduced significantly when the levels of absorbent wood chip bedding was either increased or decreased by 50%. The mice in both cage types II and III were housed at comparable stocking densities, yet ammonia levels in larger cages remained lower. This finding highlights the role of cage volume, as opposed to simply the floor space, in controlling air quality. With the current introduction of newer cage designs that employ an even smaller headspace, our study urges caution. With individually ventilated cages, problems with intra-cage ammonia may go undetected, and we may opt to utilize insufficient cage-changing intervals. Few modern cages have been designed to account for the amounts and types of enrichment that are used (and, in parts of the world, mandated) today, adding to the problems associated with decreasing cage volumes.
Extraordinary clinical response to ibrutinib in low-grade ovarian cancer guided by organoid drug testing
Authors: Gray Heidi J. , Chatterjee Payel , Rosati Rachele , Appleyard Lauren R. , Durenberger Grace J. , Diaz Robert L. , Swan Hallie A. , Peretti Danielle , Pollastro Maddy , Ainge Trevor , Kapeli Katannya , Pereira Shalini , Margossian Astrid L. , Banda Kalyan , Goff Barbara A. , Swisher Elizabeth M. , Bernard Brady , Kemp Christopher J. , Grandori Carla
Published: May 2023

Low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC) typically responds poorly to standard platinum-based chemotherapy and new therapeutic approaches are needed. We describe a remarkable response to targeted therapy in a patient with platinum-resistant, advanced LGSOC who had failed standard-of-care chemotherapy and two surgeries. The patient was in rapid decline and entering hospice care on home intravenous (i.v.) opioid analgesics and a malignant bowel obstruction requiring a G-tube. Genomic analysis of the patient’s tumor did not indicate obvious therapeutic options. In contrast, a CLIA-certified drug sensitivity assay of an organoid culture derived from the patient’s tumor identified several therapeutic choices, including Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib, as well as the EGFR inhibitors afatinib and erlotinib. Following off-label administration of daily ibrutinib as monotherapy, the patient had an exceptional clinical turnaround over the following 65 weeks with normalization of CA-125 levels, resolution of the malignant bowel obstruction, halting of pain medications, and improvement of performance status from ECOG 3 to ECOG 1. After 65 weeks of stable disease, the patient’s CA-125 levels began to rise, at which point the patient discontinued ibrutinib and began taking afatinib as monotherapy. The patient’s CA-125 levels remained stable for an additional 38 weeks but due to anemia and rising CA-125 levels, the patient switched to erlotinib and is currently being monitored. This case highlights the clinical utility of ex vivo drug testing of patient-derived tumor organoids as a new functional precision medicine approach to identify effective personalized therapies for patients who have failed standard-of-care treatments.
Refined high-content imaging-based phenotypic drug screening in zebrafish xenografts
Authors: Sturtzel C. , Grissenberger S. , Bozatzi P. , Scheuringer E. , Wenninger-Weinzierl A. , Zajec Z. , Dernovšek J. , Pascoal S. , Gehl V. , Kutsch A. , Granig A. , Rifatbegovic F. , Carre M. , Lang A. , Valtingojer I. , Moll J. , Lötsch D. , Erhart F. , Widhalm G. , Surdez D. , Delattre O. , André N. , Stampfl J. , Tomašič T. , Taschner-Mandl S. , Distel M.
Published: May 2023

Zebrafish xenotransplantation models are increasingly applied for phenotypic drug screening to identify small compounds for precision oncology. Larval zebrafish xenografts offer the opportunity to perform drug screens at high-throughput in a complex in vivo environment. However, the full potential of the larval zebrafish xenograft model has not yet been realized and several steps of the drug screening workflow still await automation to increase throughput. Here, we present a robust workflow for drug screening in zebrafish xenografts using high-content imaging. We established embedding methods for high-content imaging of xenografts in 96-well format over consecutive days. In addition, we provide strategies for automated imaging and analysis of zebrafish xenografts including automated tumor cell detection and tumor size analysis over time. We also compared commonly used injection sites and cell labeling dyes and show specific site requirements for tumor cells from different entities. We demonstrate that our setup allows us to investigate proliferation and response to small compounds in several zebrafish xenografts ranging from pediatric sarcomas and neuroblastoma to glioblastoma and leukemia. This fast and cost-efficient assay enables the quantification of anti-tumor efficacy of small compounds in large cohorts of a vertebrate model system in vivo. Our assay may aid in prioritizing compounds or compound combinations for further preclinical and clinical investigations.
Fluorescence crosstalk reduction by modulated excitation-synchronous acquisition for multispectral analysis in high-throughput droplet microfluidics
Authors: Panwar Jatin , Merten Christoph A.
Published: May 2023

A method to mitigate crosstalk and resolve droplet populations that are indistinguishable with conventional methods in high-throughput droplet screening for fluorescence barcoding applications.
Self-reinforced and self-healing dynamic covalent polymeric networks with shifting chemical structures
Authors: Zhang Ziwen , Cheng Chong
Published: May 2023

Dynamic covalent polymeric networks with two types of exchangeable dynamic covalent bonds exhibit significant self-reinforcement effects and excellent self-healing performance.
Understanding and managing peak shape for basic solutes in reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography
Authors: McCalley David Victor
Published: May 2023

In this feature article, the causes of low efficiency and peak asymmetry are discussed in reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography, including the choices of stationary and mobile phases that can minimise these detrimental effects.
Statically and dynamically flexible hydrogen-bonded frameworks based on 4,5,9,10-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)pyrene
Authors: Hashimoto Taito , Oketani Ryusei , Inoue Asato , Okubo Kohei , Oka Kouki , Tohnai Norimitsu , Kamiya Kazuhide , Nakanishi Shuji , Hisaki Ichiro
Published: May 2023

Pore shape of a pyrene-based HOF was statically and dynamically modulated by desorption and adsorption of the solvent molecules.
Rationalizing hydrogen bond solvation with Kamlet–Taft LSER and molecular torsion balances
Authors: Emenike Bright U. , Sevimler Arzu , Farshadmand Amiel , Roman Armando J.
Published: May 2023

The Kamlet–Taft solvation model partitioned experimental solvent effects on intramolecular hydrogen bonding into electrostatic and dispersion terms, revealing their relative contributions to the folding preference of a molecular torsion balance.
Methanesulfonic acid and iodous acid nucleation: a novel mechanism for marine aerosols
Authors: Wu Nan , Ning An , Liu Ling , Zu Haotian , Liang Danli , Zhang Xiuhui
Published: May 2023

Methanesulfonic acid–iodous acid can trigger a rapid nucleation and iodous acid exhibits distinctive nucleation characteristics.
Catalytic exploration of NHC–Ag(i)HMDS complexes for the hydroboration and hydrosilylation of carbonyl compounds
Authors: Giarrusso Claudia P. , Zeil Daniel V. , Blair Victoria L.
Published: May 2023

Full characterisation and catalytic potential of two NHC–Ag(i)amide complexes with the influence of steric bulk of the NHC calculatedviapercent buried volume (%VBur), Solid-G (GM) andAtomAccess.
Highly pH-stable lanthanide MOFs: a tunable luminescence and ratiometric luminescent probe for sulfamethazine
Authors: Zhang Xu , Liu Dongyan , Yu Jiahui , Li Xin , Zheng Hanwen , Zhou Yanan , Huang Cuiying , Zhu Yanyu , Jiao Chengqi , Sun Zhengang
Published: May 2023

A series of isostructural Ln-MOFs were synthesized. By adjusting the molar ratio of Ln3+, the doped Ln-MOFs show changes in emission colors. Meanwhile, the Tb-MOF exhibits ratiometric luminescence sensing of SMZ in mariculture water and human urine.
Application of nonmetallic frustrated cations in the activation of small molecules
Authors: Kaniewska-Laskowska Kinga , Czapla Marcin , Chojnacki Jarosław , Grubba Rafał
Published: May 2023

The phosphinoborinium cation exhibits high reactivity toward small molecules due to its ambiphilic character and coordinative unsaturation.
Applicability of microwave induced plasma optical emission spectrometry for wear metal determination in lubricant oil using a multinebulizer
Authors: Abellán-Martín Sergio J. , Aguirre Miguel Ángel , Canals Antonio
Published: May 2023

A new multinebulizer is combined/associated with an on-line standard dilution analysis for wear metal determination in lubricating oils by MP AES.
Fast determination of electrolyte elements in human blood plasma using surface-enhanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy combined with a gel film method
Authors: Wang Yuanhang , Bu Yang , Yang Biao , Cai Yachao
Published: May 2023

In this work, surface-enhanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy combined with a gel film method was used to improve the detection sensitivity and accuracy of electrolyte elements in human blood plasma.
Development of a novel cervix-inspired tortuous microfluidic system for efficient, high-quality sperm selection
Authors: Dadkhah Ehsan , Hajari Mohammad Amin , Abdorahimzadeh Seyedamirhosein , Shahverdi Abdolhossein , Esfandiari Fereshteh , Ziarati Niloofar , Taghipoor Mojtaba , Montazeri Leila
Published: May 2023

Improved sperm selection in microchannels by introducing curved geometries. Sharper curvatures enhance the quality of selected sperms. The selection is based on sperm boundary following characteristic and a gentle backflow in the microchannel.
Hollow @CuMgAl double layered hydrotalcites and mixed oxides with tunable textural and structural properties, and thus enhanced NH3-NOx-SCR activity
Authors: Kondratowicz Tomasz , Horký Ondřej , Slang Stanislav , Dubnová Lada , Gajewska Marta , Chmielarz Lucjan , Čapek Libor
Published: May 2023

Well-organized, spherical, mesoporous hollow @CuMgAl-LDHs (layered double hydroxides) are prepared by the controlled removal of the SiO2 from SiO2@CuMgAl-LDH core–shell hybrids that in turn are synthesized via a bottom-up strategy.
Investigation of novel Mn(ii) fenamato complexes with neocuproine and their effects on endometrial cell lines
Authors: Klepcová Zuzana , Špaková Ivana , Madreiter-Sokolowski Corina T. , Graier Wolfgang , Kalinová Katarína , Samoľová Erika , Smolková Romana , Smolko Lukáš , Rabajdová Miroslava
Published: May 2023

Two isostructural complexes [Mn(neo)(fen)2] (1) and [Mn(neo)(flu)2] (2) show different biological activity on endometrial cell lines. Flufenamato complex effectively triggers apoptosis mediated by caspase activation in endometriotic 12Z cell line.
A series of π-expanded coplanar BODIPY dyes with deep-red emission: Synthesis, optical properties, and application in amplified spontaneous emission
Authors: Wang Yang , Xie Lei , Sun Qinning , Liu Liang
Published: May 2023

Aromatic rings and a –CF3 group were introduced into a π-expanded BODIPY structure. The formation of a π-expanded coplanar conjugation chain successfully shifted BODIPY emission to the deep-red region (626 nm) with a high quantum yield (0.99).
Relationship between the structural characteristics of retinal and its visual function—a theoretical study
Authors: Feng Jin , Li Baofeng , Wang Xinlu , Mao Xinlong , Ma Tengfei , Zhang Dapeng , Bi Siwei
Published: May 2023

How the structural characteristics work in the visual imaging process of retinal.
Rhodium-catalyzed regioselective C–H activation/Lossen rearrangement/annulation for the green synthesis of trisubstituted 2-pyridones
Authors: Li Yidi , Xu Huiying , Huang Lin , Zhou Zhi , Tang Zhenhao , Meng Haifang , Zhang Wei , Yi Wei , Wu Xiaowei
Published: May 2023

A green and novel approach for the synthesis of 2-pyridone derivatives by a rhodium-catalyzed C–H activation/Lossen rearrangement of acrylamides and propargyl alcohols is reported.
Recent insights into mechanisms of cellular toxicity and cell recognition associated with the ABC family of pore-forming toxins
Authors: Aleksandrova Nadezhda A. , Roche Solace G. , Low Yu Shang , Landsberg Michael J.
Published: May 2023

ABC toxins are pore-forming toxins characterised by the presence of three distinct components assembled into a hetero-oligomeric toxin complex ranging in size from 1.5–2.5 MDa. Most ABC toxins studied to date appear to be insecticidal toxins, although genes predicted to encode for homologous assemblies have also been found in human pathogens. In insects, they are delivered to the midgut either directly via the gastrointestinal tract, or via a nematode symbiont, where they attack the epithelial cells and rapidly trigger widespread cell death. At the molecular level, the homopentameric A subunit is responsible for binding to lipid bilayer membranes and introducing a protein translocation pore, through which a cytotoxic effector — encoded at the C-terminus of the C subunit — is delivered. The B subunit forms a protective cocoon that encapsulates the cytotoxic effector, part of which is contributed by the N-terminus of the C subunit. The latter also includes a protease motif that cleaves the cytotoxic effector, releasing it into the pore lumen. Here, we discuss and review recent studies that begin to explain how ABC toxins selectively target specific cells, establishing host tropism, and how different cytotoxic effectors trigger cell death. These findings allow for a more complete understanding of how ABC toxins function in an in vivo context, which in turn provides a stronger foundation for understanding how they cause disease in invertebrate (and potentially also vertebrate) hosts, and how they might be re-engineered for therapeutic or biotechnological purposes.
Studies of large‐scale DC connected photovoltaic power system based on multi‐modular cascaded DC‐DC converter
Authors: Liu Fei , Chen Yushuo , Shi Jian , Qu Lu , Zi Zhenning , Yu Zhanqing
Published: May 2023

DC collection and transmission is one of the major development directions of large‐scale photovoltaic (PV) power system. In order to achieve low‐cost, high‐efficiency and long‐distance transmission of PV power, this paper adopted a DC grid‐connected topology by using multi‐modular cascaded DC‐DC converters, forming an input‐independent and output‐series (IIOS) system. In this system, an LLC type DC‐DC converter based on IGCT and magnetically integrated transformer was proposed in this paper, which can significantly increase the capacity, efficiency and power density of DC‐DC converter. And the equalization unit based on half‐bridge topology was adopted for the case of uneven irradiation of the PV inputs. In addition, this paper proposed an equalization control method based on the Nearest Level Modulation (NLM), which greatly simplifies the design of the acquisition and control system. Furthermore, the parametric design of a 50MW PV system was presented, and the simulation was carried out to verify the feasibility and advantages of the system in this paper. The proposed IIOS system is more suitable for high‐capacity, long‐distance PV power transmission, which can serve as a reference for the development of large‐scale photovoltaic systems.
Near‐field electrospinning fabrication of piezoelectric polymer microfiber sensors for detection of weak mechanical excitation
Authors: Jiang Hanxiao , Luo Xingsheng , Chen Qiusong , Xu Fan , Zhu Guodong , Jiang Zaixiu , Guliakova Anna A.
Published: May 2023

Collection and conversion of widespread mechanical energy is one promising way to alleviate environmental pollution and energy crisis. Piezoelectric materials can effectively realise this conversion between mechanical and electrical energies. Here, via near‐field electrospinning, piezoelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride) microfibers were fabricated on flexible polyethylene terephthalate substrate. Bending measurement indicated that open‐circuit voltage response from piezoelectric microfibers was strain dependent but insensitive to bending frequency. The microfiber sensor could detect acoustic signals with sound pressure level between 70 and 120 dB and the recorded acoustic frequency was well consistent with the nominal frequency. Light wind from a low‐power hand fan was also detected by this microfiber sensor. This simply structured and highly flexible piezoelectric microfiber sensor provided a promising and low‐cost fabrication measure for weak mechanical excitation sensing.
Feasibility of structure inversions for gravity-mode pulsators
Authors: Vanlaer V. , Aerts C. , Bellinger E. P. , Christensen-Dalsgaard J.
Published: May 2023

Context. Gravity-mode asteroseismology has significantly improved our understanding of mixing in intermediate mass stars. However, theoretical pulsation periods of stellar models remain in tension with observations, and it is often unclear how the models of these stars should be further improved. Inversions provide a path forward by directly probing the internal structure of these stars from their pulsation periods, quantifying which parts of the model are in need of improvement. This method has been used with success in the case of solar-like pulsators, but has not yet been applied to main-sequence gravity-mode pulsators.

Aims. Our aim is to determine whether structure inversions for gravity-mode pulsators are feasible. We focus on the case of slowly rotating slowly pulsating B-type (SPB) stars.

Methods. We computed and analyzed dipole mode kernels for three variables pairs: (ρ, c), (N2, c), and (N2, ρ). We assessed the potential of these kernels by predicting the oscillation frequencies of a model after perturbing its structure. We then tested two inversion methods, regularized least squares (RLS) and subtractive optimally localized averages (SOLA), using a model grid computed with the MESA stellar evolution code and the GYRE pulsation code.

Results. We find that changing the stellar structure affects the oscillation frequencies in a nonlinear way. The oscillation modes for which this nonlinear dependency is the strongest are in resonance with the near-core peak in the buoyancy frequency. The near-core region of the star can be probed with SOLA, while RLS requires fine tuning to obtain accurate results. Both RLS and SOLA are strongly affected by the nonlinear dependencies on the structure differences, as these methods are based on a first-order approximation. These inversion methods need to be modified for meaningful applications of inversions to SPB stars.

Conclusions. Our results show that inversions of gravity-mode pulsators are possible in principle, but that the typical inversion methods developed for solar-like oscillators are not applicable. Future work should focus on developing nonlinear inversion methods.
Research and dynamic analysis of interactive methods of film in the context of new media
Authors: Li Jinhao , Liu Jie , Gahb Jahng Surng
Published: May 2023

Since the 20th century, art has undergone a radical change in both concept and form under the influence of technology. With the mutual integration of modern technological means and artistic thinking, new media art came into being. Its birth and development is a remarkable novelty, and its rapid development in turn pushes the innovation and transformation of traditional media art, opening a new window for the development of film art. Interactive cinema has grown rapidly based on new media technology, and its all-round interactivity has had an almost revolutionary impact on traditional cinema, thus attracting widespread attention from many researchers in the field of film art. As a new form of image, interactive film has an irresistible charm for audiences. Interactivity, as one of the essential features of interactive film, is also increasingly prominent in terms of expressiveness, and interactivity has become a higher level of interactive film development. The interactive intervention shifts the image narrative from linear to non-linear, and the creative approach from closed to open and diversified, in addition to which the audience deeply experiences the drenching sound of viewing. The interactivity of interactive movies transforms a person sitting passively in a theater quietly enjoying a movie into a person or a group of people actively participating in the creation of the movie, making the movie a real entertainment object for people to manipulate and play with.
Application of green plant elements in office space
Authors: Wang Wenchao , Chi Jiaqi , Niu Siqi
Published: May 2023

“green plant elements” visualization of modern office space design is the “green plant space” design development process. The transformation from “green plant element” to “green plant space” is the main expression of interior design in recent years. Explore the green plant elements in modern office space innovation. Green plants in the building has good ecological performance, light weight, easy to shape, has become an indispensable material in modern architecture and interior decoration materials. With the help of natural green plants, green relaxation, fresh and other elements, to create a new modern office environment.
Probing into the Bilingual Teaching of the Course of “Internet and New Media”: Practice’s Perspective
Authors: Yun Xiangyue , Wang Yanxiu , Zhou Xiaochun , Tingjun Li
Published: May 2023

Undergraduate bilingual teaching is an important practice to realize the internationalization of education and the future. It is a powerful starting point for education reform in the new era and a necessary way to cultivate international undergraduate talents. Although there are some difficulties and problems in undergraduate bilingual teaching in China, there are many ways to explore. Based on the analysis of the teaching practice of the course “Internet and New Media” in colleges and universities, this paper discusses the key points and difficulties of the bilingual course of media in colleges and universities from the aspects of teaching orientation, teacher allocation, students’ English literacy and bilingual teaching material construction. Through the discussion in this paper, we try to continuously improve the teaching mode of the bilingual course “Internet and New Media”, improve the teaching quality, and cultivate excellent undergraduate talents with media literacy and international vision.
Study on the Blended Teaching Mode in English Pedagogy
Authors: Guojing Chen
Published: May 2023

“English Curriculum Standards for Compulsory Education (2022 Edition)” puts forward new requirements for English teaching in compulsory education, which makes the training of English major normal students challenging. With the wide application of the online and offline blended teaching mode, its role in the teaching of the course “English Pedagogy” is prominent. In the process of constructing the “2+3+2” model (that is, two major sections of theoretical courses and practical courses + three links of pre-class, afterclass teaching + online and offline methods), the subject teaching team of Kashi University solved the problems existing in teaching the course “English Pedagogy”, such as, insufficient class hours, students’ insufficient language ability, insufficient integration of theory and practice, and untimely and unscientific teaching evaluation. And the attempt of constructing this model provides a reference for the application of the blended teaching mode to various courses.
Constructing the Teaching Quality Monitoring and Guarantee System of Applied Undergraduate Colleges
Authors: Yaoyu Liu
Published: May 2023

The quality of teaching is related to the survival and development of applied undergraduate colleges. The monitoring and evaluation system of teaching quality is established, so that the teaching process can be evaluated and feedback in time, and enter a benign circular orbit. The school’s teaching quality monitoring and guarantee operation system and the college teaching quality monitoring and guarantee operation system were constructed. The quality control requirements of the teaching quality monitoring and protection operation mode and the main teaching links were put forward, from the training objectives, curriculum system, graduate tracking investigation and third-party social evaluation. On the basis of regular evaluation of the quality of education and teaching, based on the teaching quality monitoring and evaluation feedback information, continuous improvement measures are proposed.
L1 As a Tool For Reducing the Affective Filter
Authors: Wang Hengxi , Xu Jing
Published: May 2023

The utilization of the first language (L1) as an instructional tool in second language (L2) classrooms has sparked an intense debate in the realm of language education. This essay aims to delve further into the multifaceted discourse surrounding the use of L1 in L2 classrooms, particularly within the context of adult English as a second/foreign language (ESL/EFL) teaching. To provide comprehensive insights into the implementation of L1 in L2 classrooms, the essay draws upon examples from the authors’ pedagogical experiences, encompassing roughly 33 hours of ESL instruction within an agency affiliated with the University of Pennsylvania, United States. Furthermore, this essay employs relevant theories from the three primary fields of Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL), which include second language development, language use, and language pedagogy. By synthesizing these theories and exemplars, this essay aims to shed light on the intricate nuances of utilizing L1 as an instructional tool in L2 classrooms, and ultimately to inform and enhance pedagogical practices in the field of ESL/EFL instruction.
Study of strategies to enhance students’ intercultural communication awareness and competence
Authors: Ren Jiuju
Published: May 2023

In an era of globalization where international cooperation becomes a must in most fields, talents with international vision and intercultural communication skills are in great need. In response to the demand of this market, colleges must pay attention to their cultivation of students’ intercultural communication awareness and competence. This paper explores possible strategies that can be applied in college English teaching and learning to meet this need.
The Subjectivity of the Verb “至于”
Authors: Li Meijing
Published: May 2023

In modern Chinese, the verb “至于” (zhì yú) exhibits prominent subjective language characteristics. Apart from indicating degree, the verb differs semantically from other words in the semantic field of “degree” by emphasizing unexpected outcomes from a subjective point of view. The subjectivity of the speaker’s perspective, emotions and expressions of “I think” and attitudes of disapproval towards the other’s behavior are conveyed. The subjectivity of the selection of sentence structure, such as hypothetical sentences, interrogative sentences and negative sentences is also observed. Furthermore, the subjectivity of the combination with modal particles is shown, where affirmative forms are often paired with the particle “吗” (ma), while negative forms are paired with the particle “吧” (ba). The subjective attitudes of behavior states are also expressed, with behavior state words exhibiting attitudes of “要” or “不要” from a subjective point of view.
Study on the “Performative” Live Learning Phenomenon from the perspective of Dramaturgical Theory
Authors: Lei Han
Published: May 2023

This paper attempts to explore the psychological motivations and social effects behind the phenomenon of online learning broadcasts from the perspective of Erving Goffman’s dramaturgical theory. Using netnography as the method, the study employed online observation, in-depth experience, and remote interviews to conduct a deep analysis of the phenomenon of online learning broadcasts. This was done to understand the meaning of broadcasting behavior as a broadcaster and the psychological reactions and learning effects of viewers.
Life Experience under Multiple Labels——Analysis of Yu Xiuhua’s Poems
Authors: Chen Yuxi , Guo Yue
Published: May 2023

Yu Xiuhua’s poems have entered people’s field of vision in the 21st century. Readers often satisfy their curiosity with the life situation of Yu Xiuhua suffering from cerebral palsy. Yu Xiuhua should be paid more attention to his identity as a “poet”. Yu Xiuhua’s poems have the power to shake people’s hearts. She expresses her life experience, life perception, love desire, etc. in her poems, which brings artistic aesthetic enjoyment to people. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate Yu Xiuhua’s poems on life experience under multiple labels. The author evaluates the life value of the “poet with cerebral palsy” in Yu Xiuhua’s poems, the life feelings of the “rural poet” and the life perception of the “female poet”, depicts the world outlined by the poet Yu Xiuhua, and shows her joys and sorrows., to let readers understand the poet Yu Xiuhua under multiple labels.
Primal problem, optimization and expectation of teaching supervision in colleges and universities
Authors: Wang Jianguo
Published: May 2023

The teaching quality of institution of higher learning is the lifeline of the school survival and development, and the teaching supervision is an important avenue to improve the teaching quality, however, teaching supervision faces many practical problems that need to be solved. Teaching supervision mainly includes teacher supervision, subject competition supervision and course teaching supervision in colleges and universities, etc. The standard of teaching supervision quality should be the unity of adaptability, diversity, development, innovation and other aspects. The evaluation standard system of teaching supervision quality should be composed of three parts: teaching capital construction standards, teaching process standards and teaching management standards, which should follow the principles of diversified evaluation subjects, systematic, scientific evaluation content and professionalism of evaluation principles. The standards and content of teaching supervision and evaluation have a great influence on the curriculum teaching effect of universities, and different teaching supervision and evaluation methods may lead to different teaching effects. Therefore, school-level teaching supervision in principle should supervise the overall situation and guide to different departments in the implementation process of teaching supervision. Only by realizing the effective combination of curriculum teaching christianity, superintendent, and christian regulation, the content of teaching supervision in colleges and universities can be improved, and constantly improve the quality of teaching and level of teaching management in colleges and universities.
Research on Embodiment and Social Robotics from the Perspective of Metacosmos——Research based on character AI
Authors: Zou Sitian , Xu Zhuyao , Han Xinyu
Published: May 2023

The meta-universe is a future full of infinite possibilities, and disembodiment is the main relationship between human and virtual body. In this context, social robots have developed rapidly, bringing unique emotional experiences to humans in the current form of text, and robots have become disposable ‘close friends’ that will not betray. In fact, emotions based on illusion cannot completely replace real interpersonal communication.
Policy Analysis: An Analysis of National Education Policy 2020
Authors: Chen Ziyi
Published: May 2023

This paper analyses the National Education Policy 2020 (pages 1-32), the official policy document issued by the Ministry of Human Resource Development (India). This paper is written in light of five peda-gogical theories: a). Human Capital; b). Traditional Academic; c). Learner Centred; d). Social Efficiency; e). Social Reconstruction. By identifying the presence of the five theories in the policy and analysing the domi-nant ideologies of education across the whole text, the paper aims to explore the influence of pedagogical philosophies and the relevant factors on educational policy formation and upgrading in India. It discovers that although all five theories exist in the policy, Learner Centred theory is the most dominant. In addition, it also discusses political and socio-economic factors that impact the formation of the Indian educational policy.
Exploring the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Foreign Language Teaching: Challenges and Future Development
Authors: Liu MingYang
Published: May 2023

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, it is increasingly being utilized in the field of education, particularly in foreign language teaching. The concept of education meta-universe is also gaining popularity, and the emergence of ChatGPT has revolutionized traditional foreign language teaching methods. AI technologies such as speech recognition, machine translation, and natural language processing have proven to be effective tools to help students improve their foreign language learning outcomes. However, the application of these technologies also brings some challenges and problems. This paper aims to discuss the impact of AI on foreign language teaching, analyze its advantages and disadvantages, explore its future development trend, and provide suggestions for educators to make better use of AI technologies to assist foreign language teaching.
The Use of Machine Translation among Chinese Students
Authors: Danping Dong
Published: May 2023

The study aims at investigating how the use of Machine Translation, especially its latest development ChatGPT hinders or develops students’ English language learning in a prestigious university in Southwest China. A qualitative approach is adopted, involving focus-group interviews, classroom observations and field notes. It is found that the use of Machine Translation is not an issue at all with many supervisors and yet the lack of cognitive engagement with the English language poses a serious threat to the ELT classroom. Implications for teaching practices are explored.
Intervenciones quirúrgicas por patología meniscal en adultos de edad media y adultos mayores en Chile
Authors: Pineda Tomás , Donoso Rodrigo , Díaz-Ledezma Claudio
Published: May 2023

Objetivo Hacer un análisis descriptivo de las intervenciones quirúrgicas por patología meniscal realizadas en Chile en adultos de edad media y mayores, entre los años 2016 y 2018, considerando la previsión como un factor relevante.

Método Realizamos un análisis descriptivo de la base de datos de egresos hospitalarios del Ministerio de Salud entre 2016 y 2018, según los códigos de la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades, 10.ª edición (CIE-10), que fueron cruzados con los códigos de intervenciones quirúrgicas del Fondo Nacional de Salud (Fonasa) para menisectomías.

Resultados Se analizaron 21.424 procedimientos en 139 centros. El 51,3% (10.983 casos) del total de casos se concentró en el grupo de edad media. El grupo de adultos mayores registró el 10,5% (2.254 casos), sumando ambos grupos el 61,8% del total de casos. Los pacientes sometidos a menisectomía parcial artroscópica (MPA) bajo la modalidad de pago asociado a un diagnóstico (PAD) resultaron ser significativamente mayores (p < 0,01). Las 3 instituciones que lideran la estadística son centros privados con convenio PAD, que concentran el 26% de los casos.

Discusión En Chile, la mayoría de las cirugías meniscales se observan específicamente en el grupo etario en que la evidencia sugiere que la utilidad de este procedimiento es más discutible. Aunque las explicaciones pueden ser variadas, consideramos importante el reconocimiento de este fenómeno, teniendo en cuenta que Fonasa, que abarca la mayoría de las pacientes del sistema público chileno, es capaz de financiar gran parte de la cirugía a través de la modalidad PAD.

Conclusión Las cirugías meniscales en Chile se concentran en el grupo etario en que su utilidad es más discutible.

Nivel de evidencia IV.
Parent Preferences and Experiences in Advance Care Planning in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Lin Matthew , Williams David , Vitcov Giselle , Sayeed Sadath , DeCourcey Danielle D. , Wolfe Joanne , Cummings Christy
Published: May 2023

Objective Our objective was to evaluate the preferences and experiences of bereaved parents around advance care planning (ACP) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Study Design Single-center cross-sectional survey of bereaved parents who experienced the death of a child in the Boston Children's Hospital NICU between 2010 and 2021 was carried out. Chi-square, Fisher's exact, Fisher Freeman Halton, and Wilcoxin rank sum tests were used to evaluate differences between parents who did and did not receive ACP.

Results Out of eligible parents, 40 out of 146 (27%) responded to our survey. Most parents (31 out of 33, 94%) rated ACP as being very important and 27 out of 33 (82%) reported having ACP discussions during their child's admission. Parents preferred initial ACP discussions to occur early in their child's illness trajectory with members of the primary NICU team, with most parents' experiences aligning with these preferences.

Conclusion Parents value ACP discussions suggesting a further role for ACP in the NICU.

Key Points