bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forecasting Energy Commodity Prices Using Neural Networks
Authors: Panella Massimo , Barcellona Francesco , D'Ecclesia Rita L.
Published: December 2012

A new machine learning approach for price modeling is proposed. The use of neural networks as an advanced signal processing tool may be successfully used to model and forecast energy commodity prices, such as crude oil, coal, natural gas, and electricity prices. Energy commodities have shown explosive growth in the last decade. They have become a new asset class used also for investment purposes. This creates a huge demand for better modeling as what occurred in the stock markets in the 1970s. Their price behavior presents unique features causing complex dynamics whose prediction is regarded as a challenging task. The use of a Mixture of Gaussian neural network may provide significant improvements with respect to other well-known models. We propose a computationally efficient learning of this neural network using the maximum likelihood estimation approach to calibrate the parameters. The optimal model is identified using a hierarchical constructive procedure that progressively increases the model complexity. Extensive computer simulations validate the proposed approach and provide an accurate description of commodities prices dynamics.
Delineating a Retesting Zone Using Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis on Serial QuantiFERON Tuberculosis Test Results in US Healthcare Workers
Authors: Thanassi Wendy , Noda Art , Hernandez Beatriz , Newell Jeffery , Terpeluk Paul , Marder David , Yesavage Jerome A.
Published: December 2012

Objective. To find a statistically significant separation point for the QuantiFERON Gold In-Tube (QFT) interferon gamma release assay that could define an optimal “retesting zone” for use in serially tested low-risk populations who have test “reversions” from initially positive to subsequently negative results.Method. Using receiver operating characteristic analysis (ROC) to analyze retrospective data collected from 3 major hospitals, we searched for predictors of reversion until statistically significant separation points were revealed. A confirmatory regression analysis was performed on an additional sample.Results. In 575 initially positive US healthcare workers (HCWs), 300 (52.2%) had reversions, while 275 (47.8%) had two sequential positive tests. The most statistically significant (Kappa = 0.48, chi-square = 131.0,P<0.001) separation point identified by the ROC for predicting reversion was the tuberculosis antigen minus-nil (TBag-nil) value at 1.11 International Units per milliliter (IU/mL). The second separation point was found at TBag-nil at 0.72 IU/mL (Kappa = 0.16, chi-square = 8.2,P<0.01). The model was validated by the regression analysis of 287 HCWs.Conclusion. Reversion likelihood increases as the TBag-nil approaches the manufacturer's cut-point of 0.35 IU/mL. The most statistically significant separation point between those who test repeatedly positive and those who revert is 1.11 IU/mL. Clinicians should retest low-risk individuals with initial QFT results < 1.11 IU/mL.
Barriers to Testing and Treatment for Chagas Disease among Latino Immigrants in Georgia
Authors: Minneman Rebecca M. , Hennink Monique M. , Nicholls Andrea , Salek Sahar S. , Palomeque Francisco S. , Khawja Amina , Albor Lauren C. , Pennock Chester C. , Leon Juan S.
Published: December 2012

Background. The lack of testing and treatment of Chagas disease (CD), caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, amongst infected immigrants in the USA increases the risk of serious health complications and transmission (congenital or via blood transfusions).Goal. Our goal was to identify the barriers to testing and treatment of CD and understand the process of seeking healthcare amongst Latino immigrants in Georgia.Methods. In this qualitative study, eleven focus group discussions were conducted with 82 Latino immigrants, including migrant farm workers. Grounded theory was used to collect and analyze the data to develop an inductive conceptual framework to explain the context and process of seeking healthcare for CD amongst this at-risk population.Results. Participants were not aware of CD. Three healthcare seeking behaviors were identified: delaying treatment, using traditional remedies, and using either mainstream or alternative health providers. Behaviors and motivations differed by gender, and the use of licensed medical providers was considered a last resort due to the cost of healthcare, loss of earnings while seeking care, and fear of diagnosis with fatal illness.Discussion. Providing free or low cost services, mobile clinics, and education regarding CD is critical to increase testing and treatment of CD in the US.
Daily Commute Time Prediction Based on Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Zong Fang , Lin Haiyun , Yu Bo , Pan Xiang
Published: December 2012

This paper presents a joint discrete‐continuous model for activity‐travel time allocation by employing the ordered probit model for departure time choice and the hazard model for travel time prediction. Genetic algorithm (GA) is employed for optimizing the parameters in the hazard model. The joint model is estimated using data collected in Beijing, 2005. With the developed model, departure and travel times for the daily commute trips are predicted and the influence of sociodemographic variables on activity‐travel timing decisions is analyzed. Then the whole time allocation for the typical daily commute activities and trips is derived. The results indicate that the discrete choice model and the continuous model match well in the calculation of activity‐travel schedule. The results also show that the genetic algorithm contributes to the optimization and thus the high accuracy of the hazard model. The developed joint discrete‐continuous model can be used to predict the agenda of a simple daily activity‐travel pattern containing only work, and it provides potential for transportation demand management policy analysis.
A Rare Case of Kikuchi Fujimoto’s Disease with Subsequent Development of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Zuo Yu , Foshat Michelle , Qian You-wen , Kelly Brent , Harper Brock , Karnath Bernard
Published: December 2012

Kikuchi Fujimoto’s disease (KFD) is a rare, immune-mediated, self-limiting disorder with unique histopathological features. KFD is usually seen in young Asian females; however, cases have been reported throughout the world and in all ethnicities. It has been recognized that there is a rare association between Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and KFD via sporadic case reports. The exact pathophysiological relationship between these two diseases is still unclear. We report a case of a young Asian female who presented with persistent fever and lymphadenopathy and was diagnosed with Kikuchi Fujimoto’s disease based on lymph node biopsy; although an SLE workup was done, she did not meet the American Rheumatology Association (ARA) diagnostic criteria for lupus, and the lymph node biopsy did not show features of SLE. She improved clinically with a short course of steroid therapy. Two months later, the patient presented with central facial rash and arthralgia. SLE workup was repeated, a skin biopsy was done, and the results at this time supported a diagnosis of SLE.
A Web-Based Programme for Person-Centred Learning and Support Designed for Preschool Children with Long-Term Illness: A Pilot Study of a New Intervention
Authors: Hellström Anna-Lena , Simeonsdotter Svensson Agneta , Pramling Samuelsson Ingrid , Jenholt Nolbris Margaretha
Published: December 2012

For children living with long-term illness, school age is a risk period with regard to psychosocial ill health and poor compliance with treatment. There is a need for methods to promote health, well-being, and self-esteem. This study describes a new concept for supporting children, person-centred web-based learning and support, which has been tested in 12 preschool children and incorporates learning about feelings, relationships, and the right to integrity. SKYPE was used for conversations between the child and the web teacher.Methods. The programme was developed and tested in two steps. The conversations were tape-recorded and analysed using phenomenography. The questions addressed concerned the quality of the intervention process: accessibility of intervention, learning content and support, and identification of measurable items and patterns.Findings. The children found it interesting to communicate with their web teacher using SKYPE. The story about Max and Sara served as a good basis for discussion, and development was found in the learning process. The children were able to talk about relations and feelings and developed an understanding for use in new situations in their daily lives. Items and patterns that are useful for research and documentation were identified, for example, well-being, resources, needs, and wishes.
Neurocysticercosis, Meningioma, and Silent Corticotroph Pituitary Adenoma in a 61-Year-Old Woman
Authors: Ramirez Maria del Pilar , Restrepo Juan E. , Syro Luis V. , Rotondo Fabio , Londoño Francisco J. , Penagos Luis C. , Uribe Humberto , Horvath Eva , Kovacs Kalman
Published: December 2012

We report here the case of a 61-year-old woman who presented with hydrocephalus and cystic and solid lesions in sella turcica, suprasellar areas, and third ventricle. After ventriculoperitoneal shunt she developed cognitive changes and the cystic lesions enlarged. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated multiple cysts and a solid lesion in the sella and around the anterior clinoid process. With diagnosis of neurocysticercosis she underwent craniotomy. Pathologic examination documented two different lesions: viable and dead cysticerci with inflaming infiltration and a left anterior clinoidal meningioma. At the second surgery, six weeks later via transnasal transsphenoidal approach a silent corticotroph pituitary adenoma was removed which was studied by histology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. To our knowledge, the occurrence of these three different lesions in the sellar area was not described before.
Analysis of NF-κB Pathway Proteins in Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma: Correlations with EBV Status and Clinical Outcome—A Children's Oncology Group Study
Authors: Horton Terzah M. , Sheehan Andrea M. , López-Terrada Dolores , Hutchison Robert  E. , Narendra Sonia , Wu Meng-Fen , Liu Hao
Published: December 2012

Constitutively active nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is integral to the survival of Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg cells (H/RS) in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). To investigate NF-κB pathway proteins in pediatric HL, we utilized a tissue microarray compiled from 102 children enrolled in the Children's Oncology Group intermediate-risk clinical trial AHOD0031 (56 male, 78 Caucasian, median age 15 years (range 1–20 years), 85 nodular sclerosing subtype, 23 Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive, and 24 refractory/relapsed disease). We examined the intensity, localization, and pathway correlations of NF-κB pathway proteins (Rel-A/p65, Rel-B, c-Rel, NF-κB1, NF-κB2, IκB-α, IKK-α, IKK-β, IKK-γ/NEMO, NIK, and A20), as well as their associations with EBV status and clinical outcome. NF-κB pathway proteins were overexpressed in pediatric HL patients compared to controls. Patients with EBV− tumors, or with rapid early therapy response, had tightly coordinated regulation of NF-κB pathway proteins, whereas patients with EBV+ tumors, or slow early therapy response, had little coordinated NF-κB pathway regulation. High NIK expression was associated with a slow response to therapy and decreased EFS. Elevated Rel-B, NIK, and the NF-κB inhibitor A20 were associated with decreased EFS in multivariate analysis. These studies suggest a pivotal role for the NF-κB pathway in therapy response and patient survival in Hodgkin
lymphoma.
Fuzzy PD Control of Networked Control Systems Based on CMAC Neural Network
Authors: Huang Li-lian , Chen Jin
Published: December 2012

The network and plant can be regarded as a controlled time‐varying system because of the random induced delay in the networked control systems. The cerebellar model articulation controller (CMAC) neural network and a PD controller are combined to achieve the forward feedback control. The PD controller parameters are adjusted adaptively by fuzzy reasoning mechanism, which can optimize the control effect by reducing the uncertainty caused by the network‐induced delay. Finally, the simulations show that the control method proposed can improve the performance effectively.
Robust Exponential Stability Criteria of LPD Systems with Mixed Time‐Varying Delays and Nonlinear Perturbations
Authors: Mukdasai Kanit , Wongphat Akkharaphong , Niamsup Piyapong
Published: December 2012

This paper investigates the problem of robust exponential stability for linear parameter‐dependent (LPD) systems with discrete and distributed time‐varying delays and nonlinear perturbations. Parameter dependent Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional, Leibniz‐Newton formula, and linear matrix inequality are proposed to analyze the stability. On the basis of the estimation and by utilizing free‐weighting matrices, new delay‐dependent exponential stability criteria are established in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness and less conservativeness of the proposed methods.
TSH and Thyrotropic Agonists: Key Actors in Thyroid Homeostasis
Authors: Dietrich Johannes W. , Landgrafe Gabi , Fotiadou Elisavet H.
Published: December 2012

This paper provides the reader with an overview of our current knowledge of hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid feedback from a cybernetic standpoint. Over the past decades we have gained a plethora of information from biochemical, clinical, and epidemiological investigation, especially on the role of TSH and other thyrotropic agonists as critical components of this complex relationship. Integrating these data into a systems perspective delivers new insights into static and dynamic behaviour of thyroid homeostasis. Explicit usage of this information with mathematical methods promises to deliver a better understanding of thyrotropic feedback control and new options for personalised diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction and targeted therapy, also by permitting a new perspective on the conundrum of the TSH reference range.
Outcomes after Bronchoscopic Procedures for Primary Tracheobronchial Amyloidosis: Retrospective Study of 6 Cases
Authors: Alloubi Ihsan , Thumerel Matthieu , Bégueret Hugues , Baste Jean-Marc , Velly Jean-François , Jougon Jacques
Published: December 2012

Respiratory amyloidosis is a rare disease which refers to localized aberrant extracellular protein deposits within the airways. Tracheobronchial amyloidosis (TBA) refers to the deposition of localized amyloid deposits within the upper airways. Treatments have historically focused on bronchoscopic techniques including debridement, laser ablation, balloon dilation, and stent placement. We present the outcomes after rigid bronchoscopy to remove the amyloid protein causing the airway obstruction in 6 cases of tracheobronchial amyloidosis. This is the first report of primary diffuse tracheobronchial amyloidosis in our department; clinical features, in addition to therapy in the treatment of TBA, are reviewed. This paper shows that, in patients with TBA causing airway obstruction, excellent results can be obtained with rigid bronchoscopy and stenting of the obstructing lesion.
Neurally Derived Tissues inXenopus laevisEmbryos Exhibit a Consistent Bioelectrical Left-Right Asymmetry
Authors: Pai Vaibhav P. , Vandenberg Laura N. , Blackiston Douglas , Levin Michael
Published: December 2012

Consistent left-right asymmetry in organ morphogenesis is a fascinating aspect of bilaterian development. Although embryonic patterning of asymmetric viscera, heart, and brain is beginning to be understood, less is known about possible subtle asymmetries present in anatomically identical paired structures. We investigated two important developmental events: physiological controls of eye development and specification of neural crest derivatives, inXenopus laevisembryos. We found that the striking hyperpolarization of transmembrane potential (Vmem) demarcating eye induction usually occurs in the right eye field first. This asymmetry is randomized by perturbing visceral left-right patterning, suggesting that eye asymmetry is linked to mechanisms establishing primary laterality. Bilateral misexpression of a depolarizing channel mRNA affects primarily the right eye, revealing an additional functional asymmetry in the control of eye patterning byVmem. The ATP-sensitive K+channel subunit transcript, SUR1, is asymmetrically expressed in the eye primordia, thus being a good candidate for the observed physiological asymmetries. Such subtle asymmetries are not only seen in the eye: consistent asymmetry was also observed in the migration of differentiated melanocytes on the left and right sides. These data suggest that even anatomically symmetrical structures may possess subtle but consistent laterality and interact with other developmental left-right patterning pathways.
Association between Genetic Instability andHelicobacter pyloriInfection in Gastric Epithelial Dysplasia
Authors: Kim Jin Su , Chung Woo Chul , Lee Kang-Moon , Paik Chang Nyol , Lee Kyeong Soo , Kim Hye Ji , Kim Young Wook , Jung Ji Han , Noh Seung June , Lee Yun Kyung
Published: December 2012

Background. In gastric carcinogenesis, changes of DNA methylation appear to be an early molecular event, and the genome-wide methylation state is closely correlated with the level of long interspersed nucleotide element-1 (LINE-1) methylation. In this study, we measured LINE-1 methylation level according to genetic instability and evaluated the effect ofHelicobacter pyloriinfection on genetic instability in gastric epithelial dysplasia.Methods. Total 100 tissue samples of gastric epithelial dysplasia were analyzed. Seven loci that linked to tumor suppressor genes were used to identify significant structural chromosomal aberrations. Microsatellite status was investigated for two different microsatellite marker loci (BAT25 and BAT26). Also, we measured LINE-1 methylation level by combined bisulfite restriction analysis (COBRA-LINE-1) method.Results. There were no significant differences of LINE-1 methylation level according to chromosomal/microsatellite instability andH. pyloristate. In the dysplastic lesions withH. pyloriinfection, LINE-1 methylation level of MSI lesion was significantly lower than that of microsatellite stable (MSS) lesion (40.23±4.47versus43.90±4.81%,P<0.01).Conclusions. In gastric epithelial dysplasia withH. pyloriinfection, MSI is correlated with reduced LINE-1 methylation level. Coexistence ofH. pyloriinfection and MSI might be a driving force of gastric carcinogenesis.
BPI-ANCA and Long-Term Prognosis among 46 Adult CF Patients: A Prospective 10-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Lindberg Ulrika , Carlsson Malin , Löfdahl Claes-Göran , Segelmark Mårten
Published: December 2012

Introduction. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies specific for bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI-ANCA) are frequent in CF patients and mainly develop in response to infection withPseudomonas aeruginosa. It is not known to what extent BPI-ANCA correlates to prognosis.Objectives. To evaluate the prognostic value of IgA-BPI-ANCA, measured at the beginning of the study, for transplantation-free survival.Methods. A cohort of 46 adult, nontransplanted CF patients was generated, 1995–1998, and characterized using Leeds criteria, lung function, and IgA-BPI-ANCA levels measured by ELISA. The cohort was followed until December 2009, using the combined endpoint of death or lung transplantation.Results. Lung function and IgA-BPI-ANCA, but not Leeds criteria, were significantly associated with adverse outcome. No patient with normal lung function at baseline reached endpoint. Within 10 years 8/11 with high BPI-ANCA reached an endpoint compared to 3/17 ANCA-negative patients. A similar result was seen within the Leeds I group where 7 out of 9 BPI-ANCA-positive patients reached endpoint, compared to none of the 5 patients without BPI-ANCA.Conclusions. IgA-BPI-ANCA is associated with adverse outcome amongPseudomonas aeruginosainfected CF patients, suggesting that BPI-ANCA is a biomarker of an unfavourable host-pathogen interaction.
The Female Sex Work Industry in a District of India in the Context of HIV Prevention
Authors: Buzdugan Raluca , Halli Shiva S. , Hiremath Jyoti M. , Jayanna Krishnamurthy , Raghavendra T. , Moses Stephen , Blanchard James , Scambler Graham , Cowan Frances
Published: December 2012

HIV prevalence in India remains high among female sex workers. This paper presents the main findings of a qualitative study of the modes of operation of female sex work in Belgaum district, Karnataka, India, incorporating fifty interviews with sex workers. Thirteen sex work settings (distinguished by sex workers' main places of solicitation and sex) are identified. In addition to previously documented brothel, lodge, street,dhaba(highway restaurant), and highway-based sex workers, under-researched or newly emerging sex worker categories are identified, including phone-based sex workers, parlour girls, and agricultural workers. Women working in brothels, lodges,dhabas, and on highways describe factors that put them at high HIV risk. Of these,dhabaand highway-based sex workers are poorly covered by existing interventions. The paper examines the HIV-related vulnerability factors specific to each sex work setting. The modes of operation and HIV-vulnerabilities of sex work settings identified in this paper have important implications for the local programme.
Input‐to‐State Stability for Dynamical Neural Networks with Time‐Varying Delays
Authors: Zhou Weisong , Yang Zhichun
Published: December 2012

A class of dynamical neural network models with time‐varying delays is considered. By employing the Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional method and linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) technique, some new sufficient conditions ensuring the input‐to‐state stability (ISS) property of the nonlinear network systems are obtained. Finally, numerical examples are provided to illustrate the efficiency of the derived results.
Successfully Climbing the “STAIRs”: Surmounting Failed Translation of Experimental Ischemic Stroke Treatments
Authors: Kahle Michael P. , Bix Gregory J.
Published: December 2012

The Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable (STAIR) provided initial (in 1999) and updated (in 2009) recommendations with the goal of improving preclinical stroke therapy assessment and to increase the translational potential of experimental stroke treatments. It is important for preclinical stroke researchers to frequently consider and revisit these concepts, especially since promising experimental stroke treatments continue to fail in human clinical trials. Therefore, this paper will focus on considerations for several key aspects of preclinical stroke studies including the selection and execution of the animal stroke model, drug/experimental treatment administration, and outcome measures to improve experimental validity and translation potential. Specific points of interest discussed include the incorporation of human comorbid conditions and drugs, the benefits of defining a proposed mechanism of action, replication of results using multiple methods, using clinically relevant routes of administration and treatment time windows, and performing and reporting good experimental methods to reduce bias such as, as suggested by the updated STAIR recommendations, sample size calculations, randomization, allocation concealment, blinding, and appropriate inclusion/exclusion criteria. It is our hope that reviewing and revisiting these considerations will benefit researchers in their investigations of stroke therapies and increase the likelihood of translational success in the battle against stroke.
Study on Pore Distribution and Formation Rule of Sepiolite Mineral Nanomaterials
Authors: Tang Qingguo , Wang Fei , Tang Mengran , Liang Jinsheng , Ren Chongyan
Published: December 2012

Theoretical research and specific surface area analysis of nitrogen adsorption indicated that a lot of structural micropores exist in sepiolite minerals fibers. However, the microporous size, existing form, and the distribution relationship between microporous structures were not proved yet. In this paper, the section TEM samples of nanofibers were prepared on the basis of the metal embedding and cutting technique, and the inner structure of sepiolite nanofibers was observed by TEM. The results showed that sepiolite fibers have multiplayer structure similar to concentric circles, and many micropores with the size of about 2–5 nm are normal and parallel to the c‐axis. The reason for the previously mentioned phenomenon was explained by using BET analysis and X‐ray diffraction analysis results.
Use of Physical and Intellectual Activities and Socialization in the Management of Cognitive Decline of Aging and in Dementia: A Review
Authors: Ruthirakuhan Myuri , Luedke Angela C. , Tam Angela , Goel Ankita , Kurji Ayaz , Garcia Angeles
Published: December 2012

Lifestyle nonpharmacological interventions can have a deep effect on cognitive aging. We have reviewed the available literature on the effectiveness of physical activity, intellectual stimulation, and socialization on the incidence of dementia and on the course of dementia itself. Even though physical activity appears to be beneficial in both delaying dementia onset and in the course of the disease, more research is needed before intellectual stimulation and socialization can be considered as treatments and prevention of the disease. Through our paper, we found that all three nonpharmacological treatments provide benefits to cognition and overall well-being in patients with age-related cognitive impairments. These interventions may be beneficial in the management of dementia.
Treated Follicular Lymphoma, Recurrent Invasive Pneumococcal Disease, Nonresponsiveness to Vaccination, and a Unique Pneumococcus
Authors: Murphy Clare , Inverarity Donald , McGoldrick Claire , Mitchell Lindsay , Paterson Pamela , Thom Louise , Edwards Giles
Published: December 2012

A nonneutropenic patient with treated low-grade non-Hodgkin’s (Follicular) lymphoma and secondary hypogammaglobulinemia recovered from pneumococcal pneumonia and septicemia (serotype 7F; ST191) subsequent to influenza A H1N1 (2009). Both infections were potentially vaccine preventable. The patient then developed pneumococcal meningitis due to a serotype 35F pneumococcus with a unique Multilocus Sequence Type (ST7004) which was not vaccine preventable. Patient management was influenced by host predisposition to pneumococcal infection, antibiotic intolerance, and poor response to polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine. Indirect immunofluorescence with anti-human immunoglobulin confirmed a poor or intermediate response to Pneumovax II. Prophylactic erythromycin was initiated, and immunoglobulin transfusions were also commenced as a preventive strategy. ST7004 is a single locus variant of ST1635 which has been associated with the serotype 35F capsule in England. Thespigene in ST7004, which differentiates it from ST1635, is the same as thespigene present in ST191 which could have arisen from the first disease episode suggesting that horizontal gene transfer may have occurred between different populations of pneumococci present within the patient in an attempt to evade vaccination selection pressure.
A Cloud‐Computing‐Based Data Placement Strategy in High‐Speed Railway
Authors: Wang Hanning , Xu Weixiang , Wang Futian , Jia Chaolong
Published: December 2012

As an important component of China’s transportation data sharing system, high‐speed railway data sharing is a typical application of data‐intensive computing. Currently, most high‐speed railway data is shared in cloud computing environment. Thus, there is an urgent need for an effective cloud‐computing‐based data placement strategy in high‐speed railway. In this paper, a new data placement strategy named hierarchical structure data placement strategy is proposed. The proposed method combines the semidefinite programming algorithm with the dynamic interval mapping algorithm. The semi‐definite programming algorithm is suitable for the placement of files with various replications, ensuring that different replications of a file are placed on different storage devices, while the dynamic interval mapping algorithm ensures better self‐adaptability of the data storage system. A hierarchical data placement strategy is proposed for large‐scale networks. In this paper, a new theoretical analysis is provided, which is put in comparison with several other previous data placement approaches, showing the efficacy of the new analysis in several experiments.
5HT2Aand5HT2BReceptors Contribute to Serotonin-Induced Vascular Dysfunction in Diabetes
Authors: Nelson Peter M. , Harrod Jeremy S. , Lamping Kathryn G.
Published: December 2012

Although5HT2Areceptors mediate contractions of normal arteries to serotonin (5HT), in some cardiovascular diseases, other receptor subtypes contribute to the marked increase in serotonin contractions. We hypothesized that enhanced contractions of arteries from diabetics to 5HT are mediated by an increased contribution from multiple 5HT receptor subtypes. We compared responses to selective 5HT receptor agonists and expression of 5HT receptor isoforms (5HT1B,5HT2A, and5HT2B) in aorta from nondiabetic (ND) compared to type 2 diabetic mice (DB, BKS.Cg-Dock7m+/+Leprdb/J). 5HT,5HT2A(TCB2 and BRL54443), and5HT2B(norfenfluramine and BW723C86) receptor agonists produced concentration-dependent contractions of ND arteries that were markedly increased in DB arteries. Neither ND nor DB arteries contracted to a5HT1Breceptor agonist. MDL11939, a5HT2Areceptor antagonist, and LY272015, a5HT2Breceptor antagonist, reduced contractions of arteries from DB to 5HT more than ND. Expression of5HT1B,5HT2A, and5HT2Breceptor subtypes was similar in ND and DB. Inhibition of rho kinase decreased contractions to 5HT and5HT2Aand5HT2Breceptor agonists in ND and DB. We conclude that in contrast to other cardiovascular diseases, enhanced contraction of arteries from diabetics to 5HT is not due to a change in expression of multiple 5HT receptor subtypes.
Numerical Method for a Markov‐Modulated Risk Model with Two‐Sided Jumps
Authors: Dong Hua , Zhao Xianghua
Published: December 2012

This paper considers a perturbed Markov‐modulated risk model with two‐sided jumps, where both the upward and downward jumps follow arbitrary distribution. We first derive a system of differential equations for the Gerber‐Shiu function. Furthermore, a numerical result is given based on Chebyshev polynomial approximation. Finally, an example is provided to illustrate the method.
A Rare Presentation of Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis as Bouveret’s Syndrome
Authors: Solmaz Tuncer Ayşegül , Gürel Safiye , Coşgun Zeliha , Büber Ahmet , Çakmaz Rıdvan , Hasdemir Oğuz A.
Published: December 2012

The purpose of this paper is to present sonographic and CT imaging findings of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) presented as Bouveret’s syndrome, a very rare cause of gastric obstruction. While the patient’s physical examination, upper GI endoscopy, and radiological findings all pointed to Bouveret’s syndrome, CT differential diagnosis suggested either XGC or gallbladder carcinoma, and the final diagnosis was done histopathologically. Our paper aims to increase awareness in radiologically diagnosing XGC cases by introducing the possibility of existence of Bouveret’s syndrome.
Capture-SELEX: Selection of DNA Aptamers for Aminoglycoside Antibiotics
Authors: Stoltenburg Regina , Nikolaus Nadia , Strehlitz Beate
Published: December 2012

Small organic molecules are challenging targets for an aptamer selection using the SELEX technology (SELEX—Systematic Evolution of Ligans by EXponential enrichment). Often they are not suitable for immobilization on solid surfaces, which is a common procedure in known aptamer selection methods. The Capture-SELEX procedure allows the selection of DNA aptamers for solute targets. A special SELEX library was constructed with the aim to immobilize this library on magnetic beads or other surfaces. For this purpose a docking sequence was incorporated into the random region of the library enabling hybridization to a complementary oligo fixed on magnetic beads. Oligonucleotides of the library which exhibit high affinity to the target and a secondary structure fitting to the target are released from the beads for binding to the target during the aptamer selection process. The oligonucleotides of these binding complexes were amplified, purified, and immobilized via the docking sequence to the magnetic beads as the starting point of the following selection round. Based on this Capture-SELEX procedure, the successful DNA aptamer selection for the aminoglycoside antibiotic kanamycin A as a small molecule target is described.
Existence Results for Fractional Differential Inclusions withMultivalued Term Depending on Lower‐Order Derivative
Authors: Liu Xiaoyou , Liu Zhenhai
Published: December 2012

This paper is concerned with a class of fractional differential inclusions whose multivalued term depends on lower‐order fractional derivative with fractional (non)separated boundary conditions. The cases of convex‐valued and non‐convex‐valued right‐hand sides are considered. Some existence results are obtained by using standard fixed point theorems. A possible generalization for the inclusion problem with integral boundary conditions is also discussed. Examples are given to illustrate the results.
Fab Four: When John and George Play Gravitation and Cosmology
Authors: Bruneton J.-P. , Rinaldi M. , Kanfon A. , Hees A. , Schlögel S. , Füzfa A.
Published: December 2012

Scalar-tensor theories of gravitation attract again a great interest since the discovery of the Chameleon mechanism and of the Galileon models. The former allows reconciling the presence of a scalar field with the constraints from Solar System experiments. The latter leads to inflationary models that do not need ad hoc potentials. Further generalizations lead to a tensor-scalar theory, dubbed the “Fab Four,” with only first and second order derivatives of the fields in the equations of motion that self-tune to a vanishing cosmological constant. This model needs to be confronted with experimental data in order to constrain its large parameter space. We present some results regarding a subset of this theory named “John,” which corresponds to a nonminimal derivative coupling between the scalar field and the Einstein tensor in the action. We show that this coupling gives rise to an inflationary model with very unnatural initial conditions. Thus, we include the term named “George,” namely, a nonminimal, but nonderivative, coupling between the scalar field and Ricci scalar. We find a more natural inflationary model, and, by performing a post-Newtonian analysis, we derive the set of equations that constrain the parameter space with data from experiments in the Solar System.
Effects ofFructus mumeExtract on MAPK and NF-κB Signaling and the Resultant Improvement in the Cognitive Deficits Induced by Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion
Authors: Jeon Won Kyung , Ma Jinhua , Choi Bo-Ryoung , Han Seol-Heui , Jin Qinghao , Hwang Bang Yeon , Han Jung-Soo
Published: December 2012

Fructus mume(F. mume) has been used as a medicinal food in Japan and has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects in inflammatory bowel disease and macrophage-mediated inflammation. We investigated the effects ofF. mumeextracts on cognitive dysfunction in rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion was induced in male Wister rats by bilateral common artery occlusion (BCCAo). Daily administration ofF. mumeextracts was started on day 20 after post-BCCAo and continued for 40 days. The status of hippocampus-dependent memory was evaluated in control rats, rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, and rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion that were administeredF. mume. The levels of microglial activation were measured in the hippocampus and the fimbria of hippocampus, and expression levels of hippocampal mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were examined. Rats that received chronic cerebral hypoperfusion showed spatial memory impairments relative to the control rats; these impairments were reduced by daily administration ofF. mume. Administration ofF. mumemitigated the microglial activation and alterations of hippocampal MAPK and NF-κB signaling in the rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. These results indicate thatF. mumemay possess therapeutic potential for the prevention of vascular dementia via inhibition of inflammatory processes.
Small Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary of Hypercalcemic Type: A Case Report
Authors: Zaied S. , Gharbi O. , Zayène A. , Rjiba R. , Hadhri R. , Hadded A. , Hochlef M. , Ben Fatma L. , Ben Ahmed S.
Published: December 2012

Introduction.The small cell carcinoma of hypercalcemic type of ovary is a very aggressive tumor. It is associated with two-thirds of cases with hypercalcemia most often asymptomatic. It occurs mostly for young women. The treatment combines surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy.Case Presentation.We report a case of small cell carcinoma of the ovary hypercalcemic type in a young Tunisian woman aged 25 years after a severe abdominal pain syndrome and a large ovarian mass discovered in scanner; a laparotomy was performed by radical surgery. The pathological examination of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis. The radiological assessment performed after surgery showed a continuing evolution. Palliative chemotherapy was established, and the patient had died two months after diagnosis.Conclusion.The hypercalcemic small cell carcinoma of the ovary is a rare disease of poor prognosis.
A Novel Train-to-Train Communication Model Design Based on Multihop in High-Speed Railway
Authors: Liu Pengyu , Ai Bo , Zhong Zhangdui , Zhou Xiaojuan
Published: December 2012

Railway telematics applications are currently attracting attention and are under intense research. Reliable railway telematics applications increasingly tend to require a subsidiary means to help existent control system make train operation safer and more efficient. Since 2006, train-to-train communication has been studied to respond to such requirements. A key characteristic of train-to-train communication is that operation control to avoid possible accidents is conducted among trains without help of a base station. This paper proposes a novel train-to-train communication model in a physical layer based on multihop and cooperation, taking a high-speed railway propagation channel into account. The mechanism of this model lies in the idea that a source train uses trains on other tracks as relays to transmit signals to destination train on the same track. Based on occurrence of these potential relays, such mechanism can be divided into three cases. In each case, BER is applied to evaluate properties of the proposed communication model. Simulation results show that BER of the train-to-train communication model decreases to10−6when SNR is 10 dB and that the minimum receiving voltage of this model is −84 dBm, which is 8 dBm lower than the standards established by the International Union of Railways (UIC) in a high-speed railway scenario.
Forward Euler Solutions and Weakly Invariant Time‐Delayed Systems
Authors: Ortiz-Robinson Norma L. , Ríos Vinicio R.
Published: December 2012

This paper presents a necessary and sufficient condition for the weak
invariance property of a time‐delayed system parametrized by a differential inclusion.
The aforementioned condition generalizes the well‐known Hamilton‐Jacobi
inequality that characterizes weakly invariant systems in the nondelay setting. The
forward Euler approximation scheme used in the theory of discontinuous differential
equations is extended to the time‐delayed context by incorporating the delay and
tail functions featuring the dynamics. Accordingly, an existence theorem of weakly
invariant trajectories is established under the extended forward Euler approach.
Aortocaval Fistula: A Rare Cause of Venous Hypertension and Acute Renal Failure
Authors: Takkar Chandandeep , Choi Lorraine , Mastouri Nasim , Kadambi Pradeep V.
Published: December 2012

Spontaneous rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm into the inferior vena cava is rare and is associated with high mortality and morbidity. The clinical presentation can be variable and thus the diagnosis can be difficult. It can present with symptoms and signs of an abdominal emergency, venous hypertension, or systemic hypoperfusion. The traditional method of repair has been open surgery which is associated with high rate of complications. We report a case of aortocaval fistula (ACF) presenting with acute renal failure and heart failure, which was treated successfully with a novel, endovascular approach.
Corrosion at the Polymer-Metal Interface in Artificial Seawater Solutions
Authors: Anderson-Wile Amelia M. , Wile Bradley M. , Wen Qiang , Shen Hui
Published: December 2012

Polymer components for liquid sealing applications are employed in a variety of potentially corrosive environments, such as seawater. Frequently, corrosion of the metal is found at or adjacent to the rubber-metal interface rather than at a noncontact area. The corrosion of different metal alloys (titanium, bronze, nickel, aluminum, 316 stainless steel, and 4130 steel) in combination with rubber O-rings (Buna-N and EPDM) of varying internal diameters and cross-sectional shapes in seawater over a period of four years is described herein. The corrosion of some metals (i.e., 4130 stainless steel) was found to be accelerated through interaction with Buna-N rubber O-rings. Theories to account for corrosion at the polymer-metal interface, especially with respect to polymer composition and O-ring size and shape, are discussed.
Comparing Deaths from Influenza H1N1 and Seasonal Influenza A: Main Sociodemographic and Clinical Differences between the Most Prevalent 2009 Viruses
Authors: Fajardo-Dolci German , Gutierrez Juan Pablo , Arboleya-Casanova Heberto , Garcia-Saiso Sebastian
Published: December 2012

Background. During the 2009 spring epidemic outbreak in Mexico, an important research and policy question faced was related to the differences in clinical profile and population characteristics of those affected by the new H1N1 virus compared with the seasonal virus. Methods and Findings. Data from clinical files from all influenza A deaths in Mexico between April 10 and July 13, 2009 were analyzed to describe differences in clinical and socioeconomic profile between H1N1 and non-H1N1 cases. A total of 324 influenza A mortality cases were studied of which 239 presented rt-PCR confirmation for H1N1 virus and 85 for seasonal influenza A. From the differences of means and multivariate logistic regression, it was found that H1N1 deaths occurred in younger and less educated people, and among those who engage in activities where there is increased contact with other unknown persons (OR 4.52, 95% CI 1.56–13.14). Clinical symptoms were similar except for dyspnea, headache, and chest pain that were less frequently found among H1N1 cases. Conclusions. Findings suggest that age, education, and occupation are factors that may be useful to identify risk for H1N1 among influenza cases, and also that patients with early dyspnea, headache, and chest pain are more likely to be non-H1N1 cases.
A Proximal Analytic Center Cutting Plane Algorithm for Solving Variational Inequality Problems
Authors: Shen Jie , Pang Li-Ping
Published: December 2012

Under the condition that the values of mapping F are evaluated approximately, we propose a proximal analytic center cutting plane algorithm for solving variational inequalities. It can be considered as an approximation of the earlier cutting plane method, and the conditions we impose on the corresponding mappings are more relaxed. The convergence analysis for the proposed algorithm is also given at the end of this paper.
A Synoviocyte Model for Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: Response to Ibuprofen, Betamethasone, and Ginger Extract—A Cross-Sectional In Vitro Study
Authors: Ribel-Madsen Søren , Bartels Else Marie , Stockmarr Anders , Borgwardt Arne , Cornett Claus , Danneskiold-Samsøe Bente , Bliddal Henning
Published: December 2012

This study aimed at determining if synovial cell cultures from rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), and healthy controls (HC) differ and are suitable disease models in pharmacological studies, and tested their response to some anti-inflammatory drugs. Synovial cells were isolated from synovial membrane or joint fluid. Cells were cultivated and exposed to no or TNF-α stimulation without, or in the presence of, betamethasone, ibuprofen, or a standardized ginger extract. Concentrations of a panel of cytokines, growth factors, and chemokines were mapped for each culture and condition. Our cells secreted an increased amount of the cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 in response to TNF-α stimulation in all conditions. OA cells showed a higher IL-6 and IL-8 and a lower IL-1β production, when not stimulated, than RA and HC cells, which were similar. TNF-α stimulation caused similar IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 release in all groups. Ibuprofen showed no effect on cytokine production, while ginger extract was similar to betamethasone. Ginger extract was as effective an anti-inflammatory agent as betamethasone in this in vitro model. Cultured fibroblast-like synoviocytes from OA and RA subjects promise to be a useful pharmacological disease model, but further studies, to support results from such a model are needed.
Epicatechin Used in the Treatment of Intestinal Inflammatory Disease: An Analysis by Experimental Models
Authors: Vasconcelos Paulo César de Paula , Seito Leonardo Noboru , Di Stasi Luiz Cláudio , Akiko Hiruma-Lima Clélia , Pellizzon Cláudia Helena
Published: December 2012

Background. This study was pathway of (−)-epicatechin (EC) in the prevention and treatment of intestine inflammation in acute and chronic rat models.Methods. Intestine inflammation was induced in rats using TNBS. The morphological, inflammatory, immunohistochemical, and immunoblotting characteristics of colon samples were examined. The effects of EC were evaluated in an acute model at doses of 5, 10, 25, and 50 mg/kg by gavage for 5 days. The chronic colitis model was induced 1st day, and treated for 21 days. For the colitis relapse model, the induction was repeated on 14th.Results. EC10 and EC50 effectively reduced the lesion size, as assessed macroscopically; and confirmed by microscopy for EC10. The glutathione levels were higher in EC10 group but decreased COX-2 expression and increased cell proliferation (PC) were observed, indicating an anti-inflammatory activity and a proliferation-stimulating effect. In the chronic colitis model, EC10 showed lower macroscopic and microscopic lesion scores and increase in glutathione levels. As in the acute model, a decrease in COX-2 expression and an increase in PC in EC10, the chronic model this increase maybe by the pathway EGF expression.Conclusion. These results confirm the activity of EC as an antioxidant that reduces of the lesion and that has the potential to stimulate tissue healing, indicating useful for preventing and treating intestine inflammation.
Adaptive Colour Feature Identification in Image for Object Tracking
Authors: Su Feng , Fang Gu , Kwok Ngai Ming
Published: December 2012

Identification and tracking of a moving object using computer vision techniques is important in robotic surveillance. In this paper, an adaptive colour filtering method is introduced for identifying and tracking a moving object appearing in image sequences. This filter is capable of automatically identifying the most salient colour feature of the moving object in the image and using this for a robot to track the object. The method enables the selected colour feature to adapt to surrounding condition when it is changed. A method of determining the region of interest of the moving target is also developed for the adaptive colour filter to extract colour information. Experimental results show that by using a camera mounted on a robot, the proposed methods can perform robustly in tracking a randomly moving object using adaptively selected colour features in a crowded environment.