bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF THE PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF SOME BIOLOGICAL FACTORS IN LOCAL AND GENERALIZED CLEAR CELL RENAL CANCER
Authors: Shevchenko A. N. , Breus A. A. , Neskubina I. V. , Dzhenkova E. A. , Filatova E. V. , Shvyrev D. A.
Published: March 2020

Purpose of the study. To evaluate the prognostic significance of biological factors VEGF-A, sVEGF-R1, VEGF-D, FGF, EGF, EGFR, IGF-1, IGF-2, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, somatotropin-releasing factor (GHRH) in kidney tissues (tumour tissue, tissue of the perifocal zone and conditionally intact tissue) in local and generalized clear cell renal cancer using ROC analysis.

Materials and methods. Two groups of patients were included in the study. Group 1 comprised 50 patients with local kidney cancer (T1–3N0M0), while group 2 comprised 50 patients with metastatic kidney cancer (T1–4N0M1). 10% cytosolic fractions of the kidney tumour tissue were examined. The content of growth factors — somatotropinreleasing factor (GHRH), somatotropin-releasing factor (GHRH) — was determined by the ELISA assay using standard test systems. An assessment of prognostically unfavourable factors that significantly affect the generalization of the tumour process was carried out using binary logistic regression and ROC analysis.

Results. The performed ROC analysis revealed diagnostically significant progression biomarkers and their critical values for clear cell renal cancer (for conditionally intact tissue, these values were: VEGF-A ≤ 9107.9 pg/g of tissue; VEGF-R1 ≤ 122.8 ng/g of tissue; FGF ≤ 364.7 pg/g of tissue; IGF-2 ≤ 148 ng/g of tissue; for perifocal tissue, VEGF-A ≤ 5839.6 pg/g of tissue; for tumour tissue, VEGF-A > 9622.5 pg/g of tissue, FGF ≤ 435.1 pg/g of tissue, somatotropin-releasing factor (GHRH) ≤ 158.6 ng/g of tissue). The obtained data contribute to optimization of the disease prognosis.

Conclusion. It is established that the most prognostically significant markers of clear cell renal cancer progression include VEGF-A, FGF, somatotropin-releasing factor (GHRH), which can serve as an additional criterion for the differential diagnosis of progression and monitoring of clear cell renal cancer.
La trascendencia del estudio del Derecho Procesal Constitucional.
Authors: Carlos Hugo Valdez
Published: March 2020

La enseñanza del derecho procesal constitucional actualmente se inserta en la curricula de la carrera de derecho en todo el país, dentro del Estado de Derecho. Particular atención se hará con relación a la técnica Jar de enseñanza, que permite una mayor participación de los estudiantes, en el manejo de un tema y para habituarlos al trabajo de equipo en términos de competencia y cooperación.
Peningkatan Manajemen Panti Asuhan Sanma: Pengembangan Karakter Anak & Pembuatan Website
Authors: Soejono Fansiska , Riyanto Agustinus , Kristoforus Jawa Bendi R. , Widyastuti Theresia , Sunarni Theresia , Akbar Reza , Tomi Prakoso Rafael , Supriyanto Yohanes
Published: March 2020

Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman anak mengenai nilai-nilai dalam hidup bersama dalam komunitas dan masyarakat. Selain itu, kegiatan ini ditujukan untuk membantu dalam pembuatan website Panti Asuhan Santa Maria (SanMa) Pasang Surut. Metode yang digunakan untuk 38 anak panti berupa pemberian materi, praktek bermain bersama, dan pendalaman materi melalui tayangan film. Adapun metode yang digunakan untuk 4 orang pendamping anak berupa pelatihan pengelolaan website. Hasil kegiatan berupa peningkatan pemahaman nilai-nilai karakter yang baik dan positif. Selain itu, pendamping juga mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan dalam pengelolaan website. Pengembangan karakter selalu menjadi perhatian pengelola panti, dan akan berkelanjutan dalam program pengembangan karakter anak. Website panti asuhan sudah dibuat dan perlu disempurnakan lebih lanjut.
Pemanfaatan Ampas Sari Buah Apel Sebagai Bahan Dasar Pembuat Dodol
Authors: Adi Prayitno Sutrisno , Agustini Maria
Published: March 2020

Desa Andonosari merupakan Desa di Kecamatan Tutur Kabupaten Pasuruan yang memiliki komoditi Hortikultura berupa apel. Selama ini apel dijadikan suatu produk olahan utama berupa sari buah apel yang memiliki cita rasa yang enak. Selain itu kandungan senyawa aktif juga memiliki peran yang sangat bagus buat kesehatan. Salah satu yang menjadi kendala atau permasalahan dalam bidang pembuatan sari buah apel adalah terletak pada limbah padat sari buah apel. Pelatihan pembuatan dodol ampas sari buah apel sangatlah tepat digunakan di Desa Andonosari Kecamatan Tutur, mengingat belum termanfaatkannya limbah sari buah apel tersebut. Dalam pelatihan ini difokuskan pada penggunaan bahan baku berupa ampas sari buah apel. Capaian pada pelatihan pembuatan dodol ampas sari buah apel adalah seluruh peserta pelatihan terutama ibu – ibu PKK dapat membuat dodol ampas sari buah apel dengan kualitas yang baik.
Membangun Pembelajaran Berbasis Teknologi Informasi Di Universitas Katolik Widya Karya Malang
Authors: Xaverius Agung Perkasa Jampur Fransiskus , Satria Fery
Published: March 2020

Teknologi informasi tidak dapat dipisahkan dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar terutama dalam tingkat pendidikan di perguruan tinggi. Kebutuhan akan sistem pembelajaran berbasis teknologi informasi menjadi kebutuhan mendasar di Universitas Katolik Widya Karya Malang, tidak semua dosen mampu memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dalam menunjang proses pembelajaran, dan belum tersedianya sebuah sistem yang mampu mewadahi pembelajaran berbasis teknologi informasi tersebut. Solusinya adalah dengan memberikan pemahaman konsep pembelajaran berbasis teknologi informasi, membuat sistem pendukung pembelajaran tersebut, dan mengaplikasikan dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar. Dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini muncul 19 jenis matakuliah (course) pada e-learning oleh peserta pelatihan, selain itu kegiatan ini mendapat respon positif dari pimpinan universitas dan dukungan dosen setelah pelatihan yang diadakan yang nampak dari munculnya kebijakan untuk menggunakan e-learning pada tahun ajaran berikutnya.
GEODEZINIŲ TINKLŲ SUDARYMAS KLASIŲ PAVIDALU
Authors: Skeivalas Jonas
Published: March 2020

Nagrinėjama geodezinių tinklų sudarymo klasių pavidalu tikslingumas ir žemesnės klasės tinklų matavimų
tikslumo priklausomybė nuo aukštesnės klasės tinklų atitinkamų parametrų tikslumo. Aukštesnės klasės tinklų parametrų klaidų
įtaka žemesnių klasių tinklų išmatuotų dydžių tikslumui analizuojama remiantis pradinių duomenų klaidų teorija. Parodyta,
kad atitinkamų klasių išmatuotų dydžių klaidų tolerancijų pasikliovimo tikimybės priklauso nuo geodezinių tinklų atitinkamų
dydžių standartinių nuokrypių santykio bei taikomo tolerancijų parametro tα . Pateikiamos geodezinių tinklų atitinkamų dydžių
pirmosios ir antrosios rūšies klaidų pasikliovimo, atsižvelgiant i minėtąsias parametrų reikšmes, tikimybės.
COMPARISON BETWEEN DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SYSTEMS
Authors: Ruzgienė Birutė
Published: March 2020

The usage of Digital Photogrammetric Systems leads to increasing the mapping capabilities and efficiency through a full
automation or in some cases half automation of mapping procedures. The digital image processing has possibility to improve the photogrammetric
mapping implementation concerning the functionality and performance results relation. The goal of research is to investigate the functionality,
flexibility and efficiency of two Digital Photogrammetric Mapping Systems for 3D surface modelling from aerial photographs. The experimental
photogrammetric measurements have been carried out using DDPS software (Photogrammetric Package for Digital Aerial Photographs) as well as DPW
(Digital Photogrammetric Workstation) LISA FOTO. The results of comparison between these two photogrammetric software show capabilities and
possibilities for getting best results in digital photogrammetric processing. The analysis demonstrates that DDPS does not fulfil fully a typical
workflow in digital photogrammetric mapping. However, the digital surface modelling is more efficient in time‐consuming. There is no doubt that
DPW LISA FOTO together with image processing module LISA BASIC have more priorities, potentials and leads to wide applications. Despite this fact,
DPW work is more complicated than DDPS in such aspects as stereo model creation, interpretation capabilities etc. The best digital photogrammetric
mapping work flow could be achieved when integrating these two systems for getting a more efficient and highest productivity.
XML DATA SCHEMAS AND SCALABLE VECTOR GRAPHICS FORMAT FOR THE SEA LEVEL OBSERVATIONS
Authors: Marozas Leonardas , Paršeliūnas Eimuntas , Urbonas Saulius
Published: March 2020

XML (Extended Markup Language) Data Schemas as the format for information exchange in graphical SVG
(Scalable Vector Graphics) format is presented. SVG format is a language for two‐dimensional graphics and is based on XML.
It is the advanced version of previous data exchange format TGX (Tide Gauge Independent Exchange Format), which contains
the plain ASCII data. SVG graphics are formatted from sea level observations data at ESEAS station KLPD. Comparing with
similar CGM (Computer Graphics Metafile) format, SVG has its advantages of being based on XML. XML Data Schemas, in addition,
add a header information about the marine measurements site, sensors and any additional necessary information. The correct
header formation and the advantages of such data exchange format are analysed. Header is important for an exchange between
different sites from different countries so as it would be information standardisation. Visual appearance of the SVG file,
the source, headers and formation of the file in script are described too.
THE CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF THE ANGLE MEASUREMENTS
Authors: Bručas Domantas , Skeivalas Jonas , Giniotis Vytautas
Published: March 2020

The test bench for testing and calibrating the measuring geodetic instruments
for flat angle measurements has been created at Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Institute of
Geodesy. This test rig incorporates multiple-angular position determination principles – photoelectric
angular encoder, polygon-autocollimator and circular-scale-microscope. Such a diversity of implemented
methods allows cross-calibration and testing each principle using the other one. Similarly, there may be
multiple methods of testing and cross-calibration used. The covariation and correlation analysis of the
measurement data are received and analysed.
THE DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF THE PENTA HELIX CONSTRUCT
Authors: Sudiana Kiki , Sule Erni Tisnawati , Soemaryani Imas , Yunizar Yunizar
Published: March 2020

The concept of Penta Helix or Quintuple Helix have been widely discussed and used as frameworks in many researches in relation of innovation or organizational innovation field. it is believed that if the Penta Helix stakeholders work together in synergy it will foster innovation and an innovation-based economy. However, no research has been found yet that validate measurement constructs of the Penta Helix or the Quintuple Helix. Through extensive literature review, we developed a construct of the Penta Helix variables in relation to innovation and knowledge-based economy, into five dimensions consisting of Academicians, Business, Government, Community and Medias (ABGCM). The data was collected through a questionnaire distributed to 95 technology-based startups in Indonesia, and afterward analysed by using confirmatory factor analysis technique, performed by the SmartPLS software. A final 20-item measurement construct was validated as main contribution of this study toward Penta Helix theory. There are issues arose on methodological and theoretical of the Penta Helix construct and discussed in our findings.
SELF-EMPLOYMENT OF FOREIGNERS AS AN INNOVATIVE SOLUTION ON THE LABOR MARKET IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: Navickas Valentinas , Grmanová Eva , Gajda Waldemar
Published: March 2020

The main aim of this article is to identify certain specificity in self-employment of foreigners in EU countries and to find out whether the differences in self-employment of foreigners between countries are diminishing. Within the main objective, we have set two sub-objectives. The first sub-objective is to compare EU countries on the basis of the following indicators: 1/ number of self-employed foreigners and 2/ share of self-employed foreigners in employed persons from foreign countries. The second sub-objective is to determine whether EU countries converge in the number of the share of self-employed foreigners in the number of employed persons from foreign countries. We have confirmed that the countries have a tendency to convergence in regard to the share of self-employed foreigners in employed persons from foreign countries. We assume that this tendency can also be due to the pressure of the labour market that shows a lack of labour force. The share of self-employed migrants is relatively high in Eastern Europe. On the other hand, their increase is below average compared to the EU.
Shot the spots: A reliable field method for individual identification of Amolops formosus (Anura, Ranidae)
Authors: Patel Naitik G. , Das Abhijit
Published: March 2020

Natural body patterns in amphibians are widely used for individual recognition. In this study, we photographed individuals of Amolops formosus for four days of sampling without handling them. We processed 301 photographs of dorsal blotch pattern in HotSpotter software and verified them visually for confirmation. We identified 160 unique individuals of A. formosus based on the images taken in the field, resulting in an abundance estimate of 180 individuals. The success rate in identifying individuals of A. formosus using the HotSpotter software was 94.3%. We tested the effect of image quality and distance on recognition efficiency. Poor image quality reduced the recognition efficiency of the software but with a careful user review it was possible to identify the individual. The difference between using only the software and software plus human confirmation was very small. This protocol is useful for rapid population estimation of frogs with natural body patterns.
EXIT OF SENIOR AGE COHORTS FROM THE RUSSIAN LABOUR MARKET: A SURVIVAL ANALYSIS APPROACH
Authors: Denisova Irina A.
Published: March 2020

The paper examines individual exit trajectories of Russians from the labour market to economic inactivity using survival analysis methods based on the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey for 1995-2015. The analysis shows that the statutory retirement age (55 for women and 60 for men) has a significant impact on the time of exit from the labour market for both sexes, but the effect is significantly higher for women, and the differences are statistically significant: the hazard rate of exit to inactivity rises by 63 percentage points when a woman reaches 55 years of age, but by only 25 percentage points when a man reaches 60.Russiashows some differences in occupational patterns of exit to pension-age inactivity: unlike many developed countries, only highly skilled staff remain in the labour market longer than others, while there is no statistically significant difference between the behaviour of middle-skilled staff and of skilled and unskilled workers. Self-employment and entrepreneurship postpone exit to inactivity as does employment at state enterprises.
IN SEARCH OF THEORY: PROSPECTS OF POPULATION RESEARCH IN COUNTRIES THAT HAVE COMPLETED THE DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION
Authors: Klupt M.
Published: March 2020

The article continues the discussion on the ways of further development of the demographic theory initiated by A.Vishnevsky’s article in the first issue of the journal. In the author’s opinion, Vishnevsky’s “demographic eschatology” is incompatible with real political practices, as evidenced, in particular, by the biographies of A.Landry, the creator of the theory of the demographic revolution, and K. Davis, one of the founders of the theory of demographic transition. Landry was never guided by “demographic fatalism” in his political activities and Davis, praising administrative methods of reducing fertility in the Asian countries, opposed passive expectation of the fruits of modernization. The article shapes the approaches to the theoretical understanding of population issues that lie outside the framework of the theory of the demographic revolution/transition: theorizing aimed at finding mechanisms, not laws; adaptation of theories developed in other scientific disciplines to the description of these mechanisms; interpretation of post-transition demographic development as a movement between attractors, the speed and direction of which is determined by available economic resources and established institutions. According to the author, the interaction of mortality, fertility and migration, which occupies a central place in Vishnevsky’s concept, cannot explain many of the problems associated with the impact of demographic development on the modern world. To analyze such problems, it is necessary to design systems that include not only demographic, but also social, economic and political variables. The possibilities of such an approach are shown on the example of a study of political & demographic mechanisms that led to the unexpected for most experts victory of supporters of Britain’s withdrawal from the European Union and the election of D.Trump as the president of the United States.
CYCLIC FLUCTUATIONS OF THE RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN LABOUR MARKET INDICATORS: IN SEARCH FOR NON-STANDARD REACTIONS
Authors: Semenkov A.
Published: March 2020

The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the dynamics of trend-cycles of macroeconomic indicators of the Russian and foreign labor markets for the period from the I quarter 2003 to the IV quarter 2015. The work analyzes fluctuations in the trend-cycles of the following indicators: the level of participation in the workforce (level of EAP), the level of employment and unemployment measured by the ILO methodology. As foreign labor markets, 25 OECD countries are taken. Correlation coefficients between all the labor markets examined for these indicators were estimated. In addition, fluctuations in trend-cycles of indicators are ranked according to the degree of sensitivity to the crisis phenomena of 2008. It is established that the Russian labor market was not characterized by non-standard reactions in comparison with foreign labor markets, including in response to the crisis events of 2008. In this regard, the hypothesis of a “special model” of the Russian labor market has not been confirmed.
EXPERIENCE IN USING QUALITATIVE PROBLEMS IN TEACHING THE COURSE OF DEMOGRAPHY FOR BACHELOR ECONOMISTS
Authors: Kalmykova Natalia
Published: March 2020

One of the tasks that the teacher must deal with when preparing the Demography course for bachelor students who do not specialize in demography is to interest students with the subject by demonstrating the application of the indicators and trends they study. Another important task is to check the learning outcomes both during the semester and during the exam. Qualitative problems can be used to simultaneously solve both problems. Unlike traditional calculation tasks that require the knowledge of formulas of indicators, qualitative tasks are designed to help students see the links between demographic processes and population structures, better understand the nature of demographic indicators, pay attention to the possible socio-economic consequences of demographic processes in dynamics. In discussing a text problem, it is important to draw the attention of students to the need to build logical chains of reasoning, rather than simply listing the reasons or factors required by the statement. Such exercises teach students to critically comprehend the information they receive from journalism and when reading scientific publications, employ the knowledge they received in the course of Demography to solve applied problems.
LETTER OF EDITORS
Authors: Kalabikhina Irina , Matyushina Dasha
Published: March 2020

Dear readers, you see before you a special issue of the journal “Population and Economics” devoted to the study of social and economic issues of the development of telemedicine.
We considered it important to make this special issue, because in 2017 the “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation” program was adopted, and in 2018 a law on telemedicine was issued. This means that the speed of development of telemedicine in Russia is to increase. So, it’s time for a a discussion about the economic effi ciency and social aspects of the development of telemedicine, which will allow timely response to problem fi elds in the development of telemedicine.
HISTORY AND ISSUES OF DIGITAL HEALTHCARE IN RUSSIA
Authors: Rusanova N.
Published: March 2020

The article is devoted to the history and current issues of the digital healthcare system in Russia. The issues of the correspondence of the population’s need for modern medical care and public health responses are considered, the results of which are reﬂected in a change in qualitative demographic indicators
DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN MEDICINE AT THE UNIVERSITY BASE: EXPERIENCE OF THE SAMARA STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors: Kotelnikov G. , Avdeeva E. , Kolsanov A.
Published: March 2020

The article deals with the transformation of the role and place of universities in the current conditions of economic development and the demands of society on the example of a traditional medical university — the Samara State Medical University. The results of the university’s work in the innovation-technological area and their integration into the principal activities of the university (education, research) are discussed, as well as the implementation of the “third” mission of the university, i.e. development of the regional economy, the innovative ecosystem of the region, and human capital.
The Russian-Ukrainian border — emergence and sustainability
Authors: Tikunov Vladimir , Igonin Aleksandr
Published: March 2020

The article analyses the issues of emergence and sustainability of the Russian-Ukrainian border. Methods of analysis of sustainability of administrative and political borders by means of electronic cartographic bases of administrative-territorial division for different years are implemented. A section of border sustainability within the framework of the Geographical Information System (GIS) “Administrative-territorial division of the Russian-Ukrainian borderlands” and a series of maps demonstrating dynamics, sustainability and segmentation of the state border between Russia and Ukraine are developed. A general methodological basis for analysis of sustainability and emergence of borders with the use of geoinformation technologies is elaborated. A historical and geographical analysis of the formation of the Russian-Ukrainian state border is performed.The paper presents classification of the Russian-Ukrainian border into segments, a detailed description of the degree of sustainability and history of emergence of the state border. As a result of estimating classification, various values of the index are obtained, confirming the fact of differentiation of the state border by sustainability and emergence. Four groups of border sections according to the degree of sustainability are allocated, which enables structuring the historical and geographical description of the border and drawing conclusions on the origin, present and future of transboundary processes.
New species of Furculanurida (Collembola, Neanuridae, Pseudachorutinae) from the Luquillo Mountains, Puerto Rico
Authors: Ospina-Sánchez Claudia M. , Palacios-Vargas José G. , González Grizelle
Published: March 2020

A new species ofFurculanuridais described and illustrated.Furculanurida bistribussp. nov.differs from other species of the genus by the presence of three eyes, three setae on the dens, and the white and purple coloration pattern. A key for identification of the world species of the genus is included.
Redescriptions of the poorly known crane fly species Tipula (Vestiplex) scandens and Tipula (Vestiplex) subscripta from Tibet and Yunnan, China (Diptera, Tipulidae)
Authors: Starkevich Pavel , Men Qiu-Lei , Sivell Duncan
Published: March 2020

Tipula (Vestiplex) scandens Edwards, 1928 and Tipula (Vestiplex) subscripta Edwards, 1928 were both briefly described based on single specimens and lacked illustration in the original literature. In the present paper, these two species are redescribed with new illustrations of additional morphological features based on type and non-type specimens.
Cranial variability and differentiation among golden jackals (Canis aureus) in Europe, Asia Minor and Africa
Authors: Stoyanov Stoyan
Published: March 2020

Golden jackal (Canis aureus) expansion in the last decades has triggered research interest in Europe. However, jackal phylogeny and taxonomy are still controversial. Morphometric studies in Europe found differences between Dalmatian and the other European jackals. Recent genetic studies revealed that African and Eurasian golden jackals are distinct species. Moreover, large Canis aureus lupaster may be a cryptic subspecies of the African golden jackal. Although genetic studies suggest changes in Canis aureus taxonomy, morphological and morphometric studies are still needed. The present study proposes the first comprehensive analysis on a wide scale of golden jackal skull morphometry. Extensive morphometric data of jackal skulls from Europe (including a very large Bulgarian sample), Asia Minor, and North Africa were analysed, by applying recently developed statistical tools, to address the following questions: (i) is there geographic variation in skull size and shape among populations from Europe, Anatolia and the Caucasus?, (ii) is the jackal population from the Dalmatian coast different?, and (iii) is there a clear distinction between the Eurasian golden jackal (Canis aureus) and the African wolf (Canis lupaster sensu lato), and among populations of African wolves as well? Principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis were applied on the standardized and log-transformed ratios of the original measurements to clearly separate specimens by shape and size. The results suggest that jackals from Europe, Anatolia and the Caucasus belong to one subspecies: Canis aureus moreotica (I. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1835), despite the differences in shape of Dalmatian specimens. The present study confirmed morphometrically that all jackals included so far in the taxon Canis aureus sensu lato may represent three taxa and supports the hypothesis that at least two different taxa (species?) of Canis occur in North Africa, indicating the need for further genetic, morphological, behavioural and ecological research to resolve the taxonomic uncertainty. The results are consistent with recent genetic and morphological studies and give further insights on golden jackal taxonomy. Understanding the species phylogeny and taxonomy is crucial for the conservation and management of the expanding golden jackal population in Europe.
Foreword – special issue Mycotoxins in China
Authors: Zhang Hao , Chen Yisheng , Zhang Qi
Published: March 2020

Mycotoxin contamination in agro-food systems has been a serious concern over the last few decades around the world, and very much as well in China. The change of climate and farming methods are favourable for prevalence of toxigenic fungi and consequently cause the increase of mycotoxins in food and feed. Against this background, this special issue ‘Mycotoxins in China’, consisting of five review and 12 original research articles, is dedicated to the most recent advances in both fundamental and applied mycotoxin research. Most of the authors are senior experts with multidisciplinary background. They provide a comprehensive discussion on state-of-the-art studies on mycotoxins in China, covering microbiology, toxicology, chemistry and statistics. We hope that the papers collected here will provide deep insight and inspiration to the readers to further improve strategies, technologies and methods dealing with the analysis, degradation and prevention of mycotoxin, not only in China, but around the world.
ROKOPISNE PESMARICE – MED RELIGIOZNIM IN LJUDSKIM
MANUSCRIPT SONGBOOKS: BETWEEN RELIGIOUS AND FOLK

Authors: Pisk Marjeta
Published: March 2020

Rokopisne pesmarice so pomemben, a premalo upoštevan vir raziskovanja cerkvenih in ljudskih nabožnih pesmi ter procesa ponarodevanja avtorskih pesmi. V članku so analizirani vzroki za nezanimanje raziskovalcev za to področje in predstavljene dileme žanrskega razmejevanja v rokopisnih pesmaricah, v katerih so zapisane tako avtorske cerkvene kot ljudske pesmi. Vprašanja razmerij med institucionalno religioznim in ljudskim dopolnjujejo prepletanja med pisnim in ustnim.***Manuscript songbooks as a very important source have only partly been taken into account in research on church songs and religious folk songs and in the process of folklorization of art songs. This article analyzes the reasons for researchers’ lack of interest of in this topic, and it presents the problems of genre demarcation in manuscript songbooks, which contain both church songs and folk songs. Discussion of the relations between institutional religious and folk elements are complemented by the interplay between written and oral material.
Postharvest behavior and lycopene content of tomatoes at different harvest times
Authors: Gonçalves Denise Candido , Morgado Cristiane Maria Ascari , Silva Edson Pablo , Correa Gilmarcos de Carvalho , Nascimento Abadia dos Reis , Cunha Junior Luis Carlos , Aguiar Fernanda Campos de Oliveira
Published: March 2020

The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical, chemical and bioactive behavior of the tomatoes of the commercialized tomato at the Central of Supply of Goiás at different times of the year and stored for 15 days in ambient conditions and propose the construction of a model to estimate the content of lycopene from the coloring of the fruits. Seven monthly collections of tomatoes were carried out between February and August. The fruits were evaluated for color, firmness, fresh weight loss, titratable acidity, pH, soluble solids, lycopene, total extractable polyphenols, and antioxidant activity. The variation of brightness and firmness were inversely proportional to the storage time. The linear regression model generated from the correlation between the red color and the lycopene content can be used to estimate the lycopene value of the fruits. Future work may be carried out for developing non-destructive models of determination of lycopene for industrial tomato.
 Sofrimento moral dos profissionais das técnicas radiológica em serviço de radiologia convencional de Santa Catarina / Moral distressof radiological technologistsin conventional radiology service in Santa Catarina
Authors: Anderson Tiago Jorge
Published: March 2020

Introdução: o uso da radiação ionizante na prática médica pode ocasionar eventos nocivos à saúde do indivíduo exposto. Diante disso, o emprego ético da radiação ionizante deve contemplar o que preconiza a legislação nacional e internacional, assim como os princípios de proteção radiológica e da bioética. O sofrimento moral relaciona-se à dimensão ética na prática da saúde, podendo afetar os profissionais das técnicas radiológicas. Objetivo: identificar as situações desencadeadoras de sofrimento moral nos profissionais das técnicas radiológicas em um serviço de radiologia convencional. Metodologia: trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória. Usou-se como técnicas de coleta de dados a observação participante, a entrevista semiestruturada e a validação consensual. Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise temática. Resultados e discussão: observou-se situações de sofrimento moral quando o profissional da técnica radiológica se deparava com pacientes em condições clínicas de se dirigir a unidade de diagnóstico e imagem, diante da não indicação clínica do exame radiológico, ante ao desrespeito dos princípios de proteção radiológica e perante a falta de autonomia para fazer cumprir os preceitos éticos do emprego da radiação ionizante. Conclusão: o desrespeito dos princípios legais, assim como dos princípios de proteção radiológica e bioéticos levam o profissional das técnicas radiológicas ao sofrimento moral.
Fine particle characterization in a coastal city in China: composition, sources, and impacts of industrial emissions
Authors: Lei Lu , Xie Conghui , Wang Dawei , He Yao , Wang Qingqing , Zhou Wei , Hu Wei , Fu Pingqing , Chen Yong , Pan Xiaole , Wang Zifa , Worsnop Douglas R. , Sun Yele
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Aerosol composition and sources have been extensively studied in
developed regions in China. However, aerosol chemistry in coastal regions of
eastern China with high industrial emissions remains poorly characterized.
Here we present a comprehensive characterization of aerosol composition and
sources near two large steel plants in a coastal city in Shandong in fall
and spring using a PM2.5 time-of-flight aerosol chemical speciation
monitor. The average (±1σ) mass concentration of PM2.5
in spring 2019 (54±44 µg m−3) was approximately twice that
(26±23 µg m−3) in fall 2018. Aerosol composition was
substantially different between the two seasons. While organics accounted
for ∼30 % of the total PM2.5 mass in both seasons,
sulfate showed a considerable decrease from 28 % in September to 16 % in
March, which was associated with a large increase in nitrate contribution
from 17 % to 32 %. Positive matrix factorization analysis showed that
secondary organic aerosol (SOA) dominated the total OA in both seasons, accounting on average for 92 % and 86 %, respectively, while the
contribution of traffic-related hydrocarbon-like OA was comparable
(8 %–9 %). During this study, we observed significant impacts of steel plant
emissions on aerosol chemistry nearby. The results showed that aerosol
particles emitted from the steel plants were overwhelmingly dominated by
ammonium sulfate and/or ammonium bisulfate with the peak concentration reaching as
high as 224 µg m−3. Further analysis showed similar mass ratios for
NOx∕CO (0.014) and NOx∕SO2 (1.24) from the two different
steel plants, which were largely different from those during periods in the
absence of industrial plumes. Bivariate polar plot analysis also supported
the dominant source region of ammonium sulfate, CO, and SO2 from the
southwest steel plants. Our results might have significant implications for
better quantification of industrial emissions using ammonium sulfate and the
ratios of gaseous species as tracers in industrial regions and nearby in the
future.
Contrasting sources and processes of particulate species in haze days with low and high relative humidity in winter time Beijing
Authors: Huang Ru-Jin , He Yao , Duan Jing , Li Yongjie , Chen Qi , Zheng Yan , Chen Yang , Hu Weiwei , Lin Chunshui , Ni Haiyan , Dai Wenting , Cao Junji , Wu Yunfei , Zhang Renjian , Xu Wei , Ovadnevaite Jurgita , Ceburnis Darius , Hoffmann Thorsten , O'Dowd Colin D.
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Although there are many studies of particulate matter (PM) pollution in Beijing, the sources and processes of secondary PM species during haze periods remain unclear. Limited studies have investigated the PM formation in highly-polluted environments under low and high relative humidity (RH) conditions. Herein, we present a systematic comparison of species in submicron particles (PM1) in wintertime Beijing (29 December 2014 to 28 February 2015) for clean periods and pollution periods under low and high RH conditions. PM1 species were measured with an aerosol chemical species monitor (ACSM) and an aethalometer. Sources and processes for organic aerosol (OA) were resolved by positive matrix factorization (PMF) with multilinear engine 2 (ME-2). The comparisons for clean, low-RH pollution, and high-RH pollution periods are made from three different aspects, namely (a) mass concentration, (b) mass fraction, and (c) growth rate in diurnal profiles. OA is the dominant component of PM1 with an average mass concentration of 56.7 μg m−3 (46 %) during high-RH pollution and 67.7 μg m−3 (54 %) during low-RH pollution periods. Sulfate had higher concentration and mass fraction during high-RH pollution periods, while nitrate had higher concentration and mass fraction during low-RH pollution periods. The diurnal variations of nitrate and oxygenated organic aerosol (OOA) showed a daytime increase of their concentrations during all three types of periods. Nitrate had similar growth rates during low-RH (0.40 μg m−3 h−1) and high-RH (0.55 μg m−3 h−1) pollution periods. OOA had a higher growth rate during low-RH pollution periods (1.0 μg m−3 h−1) than during high-RH pollution periods (0.40 μg m−3 h−1). In contrast, sulfate had a decreasing trend during low-RH pollution periods, while it increased significantly with a growth rate of 0.81 μg m−3 h−1 during high-RH pollution periods. These distinctions in mass concentrations, mass fractions, and daytime growth rates may be explained by the difference in the formation processes, affected by meteorological conditions. In particular, photochemical oxidation and aqueous-phase processes may both produce sulfate and nitrate. The relative importance of the two pathways, however, differs under different meteorological conditions. Additional OOA formation under high-RH (> 70 %) conditions suggests aqueous-related formation pathways. This study provides a general picture of the haze formation in Beijing under different meteorological conditions.
Development of an Automatic Linear Calibration Method for High Resolution Single Particle Mass Spectrometry: Improved Chemical Species Identification for Atmospheric Aerosols
Authors: Zhu Shengqiang , Li Lei , Wang Shurong , Li Mei , Liu Yaxi , Lu Xiaohui , Chen Hong , Wang Lin , Chen Jianmin , Zhen Zhou , Yang Xin , Wang Xiaofei
Published: March 2020

Abstract. The mass resolution of laser desorption ionization (LDI) single particle aerosol mass spectrometry (SPAMS) is usually low (~500), which has been greatly improved by recent development of delayed ion extraction technique. However, due to large fluctuations among LDI processes during each laser shot, accurate calibration of mass-to-charge ratio for high resolution SPAMS spectra is challenging. Here we developed an automatic linear calibration method to improve the accuracy of mass-to-charge (m/z) measurement for single atmospheric aerosol particles. Laboratory generated sea spray aerosol and atmospheric ambient aerosol were tested. After the calibration, the fluctuation ranges of the reference ions (e.g. Pb+ and SO4+) m/z reaches ±0.018 for sea spray aerosol and ±0.024 for ambient aerosol in average mass spectra. With such m/z accuracy, the HR-SPAMS spectra of sea spray aerosol can easily identify elemental compositions of organic peaks, such as Cx, CxHy and CxHyOz. While the chemical compositions of ambient aerosols are more complicated, CxHy, CxHyOz and CNO peaks can also be identified based on their accurate mass. With the improved resolution, the time series of peaks with small m/z differences can be separated and measured. In addition, it is also found that applying high resolution data with enhanced mass calibration can significantly affect particle classification (identification) using the ART-2a algorism, which classify particles based on similarities among single particle mass spectra.
Comparison of different droplet measurement techniques in the Braunschweig Icing Wind Tunnel
Authors: Knop Inken , Bansmer Stephan , Hahn Valerian , Voigt Christiane
Published: March 2020

Abstract. The generation, transport and characterisation of supercooled droplets in multiphase wind tunnel-test facilities is of great importance for conducting icing experiments and to better understand cloud microphysical processes such as coalescence, ice nucleation, accretion and riming. To this end, a spray system has been developed, tested and calibrated in the Braunschweig Icing Wind Tunnel. Liquid droplets in the size range of 1 to 150 µm produced by pneumatic atomizers were accelerated to velocities between 10 and 40 m s−1 and supercooled to temperatures between 0 and −20 °C. Thereby, liquid water contents between 0.1 and 2.5 g m−3 were obtained in the test section. The wind tunnel conditions were stable and reproducible within 3 % standard variation for median volumetric diameter (MVD) and 7 % standard deviation for liquid water content (LWC). Different instruments were integrated in the icing wind tunnel measuring the particle size distribution (PSD), MVD and LWC. Phase Doppler Interferometry (PDI), laser spectroscopy with a Fast Cloud Droplet Probe (FCDP) and shadowgraphy were systematically compared for present wind tunnel conditions. MVDs measured with the three instruments agreed within 15 %, and showed high coefficients of determination (R2) of 0.985 for FCDP and 0.799 for shadowgraphy with respect to PDI data. The instruments' trends and biases for selected droplet conditions are discussed. LWCs determined from mass flow calculations are compared to measurements of the bulk phase rotating cylinder technique (RCT) and the above single particle instruments. For RCT and PDI, agreement of approximately 20 % in LWC was achieved, although in individual cases larger deviations depending on the flow conditions were detected. Using the different techniques, a comprehensive wind tunnel calibration for supercooled droplets was achieved, which is a prerequisite to provide well characterized liquid cloud conditions for icing tests for aerospace, wind turbines and power networks.
Effects of 238U variability and physical transport on water column 234Th downward fluxes in the coastal upwelling system off Peru
Authors: Xie Ruifang , Le Moigne Frédéric A. C. , Rapp Insa , Lüdke Jan , Gasser Beat , Dengler Marcus , Liebetrau Volker , Achterberg Eric P.
Published: March 2020

Abstract. The eastern boundary region of the southeast Pacific Ocean hosts one of the world's most dynamic and productive upwelling systems with an associated oxygen minimum zone (OMZ). The variability in downward export fluxes in this region, with strongly varying surface productivity, upwelling intensities and water column oxygen content, is however poorly understood. Thorium-234 (234Th) is a powerful tracer to study the dynamics of export fluxes of carbon and other elements, yet intense advection and diffusion in nearshore environments impact the assessment of depth-integrated 234Th fluxes when not properly evaluated. Here we use ADCP current velocities, satellite wind stress and in situ microstructure measurements to determine the magnitude of advective and diffusive fluxes over the entire 234Th flux budget at 25 stations from 11° S to 16° S in the Peruvian OMZ. Contrary to findings along the GEOTRACES P16 eastern section, our results showed that weak surface wind stress during our cruises induced low upwelling rates and minimal upwelling 234Th fluxes, whereas vertical diffusive 234Th fluxes were important only at a few shallow shelf stations. Similarly, horizontal advective and diffusive 234Th fluxes were negligible due to small alongshore 234Th gradients. Our data indicated a poor correlation between seawater 238U activity and salinity. Assuming a linear relationship between the two would lead to significant underestimations of the total 234Th flux by up to 40 % in our study. Proper evaluation of both physical transport and variability in 238U activity is thus crucial in coastal 234Th flux studies. Finally, we showed large temporal variations on 234Th residence times across the Peruvian upwelling zone, and cautioned future carbon export studies to take these temporal changes into consideration while evaluating carbon export efficiency.
Spatio-temporal determination of the similarity of extreme floods in the Neckar catchment
Authors: Modiri Ehsan , Bárdossy András
Published: March 2020

Investigation of extreme events and their spatial extent is one of the crucial tasks in the hydrology. Most hydrological models are not able to accurately simulate the upper quantile of the discharge time series. In this research, a new method for determining the spatiotemporal similarity of extreme floods was developed. The maximum absolute difference among CDFs was combined with an agglomerative hierarchical cluster, and a new tree based on clustering distribution properties was done. Initially, the continuous discharge time series of 46 gauges in the Neckar catchment were examined. Then, the two most prominent events of each year were selected. Subsequently, the empirical cumulative distribution functions of each point, based on selected peaks, were calculated; and the probability of occurrence of each event was determined. The pairwise similarity of CDFs, and consequently, the absolute deviation between them were computed. Thereupon, the hierarchical cluster tree based on the matrix of maximum differences was performed by employing a distinct distance method. At the final step, the cluster tree divided the basin into three major clusters, which contain some sub-catchments. The results illustrated a non-particular pattern for flood occurrences in the Ward linkage map. However, the Average linkage in the clustering showed that the catchment has a more or less homogeneous behavior with some small independent parts. Each separate category revealed a different response concerning the highest flooding mechanism, which the hydrological modeling has to take into account.
Role of alkanolamines in ordinary and alternative cement systems
Authors: Mascarin Ludovico , Valentini Luca , Dalconi Maria Chiara , Garbin Enrico , Artioli Gilberto
Published: March 2020

Ordinary cement resulting from the reaction of a calcium aluminosilicate-rich powder plus water works as binding matrix in modern concrete. The design of alternative binders is currently a global challenge in order to reduce the environmental footprint associated to the ordinary cement production. Alkali-activated calcined clay materials (AAccMs) represent a class of sustainable binders made of the blending of a concentrated alkaline solution and a solid fraction with thermally treated phyllosilicates. Metakaolin produced by the heat treatment at temperatures between 550-900°C of kaolinite, has long fascinated the scientific community for its high reactivity at high-pH stage. However, the higher costs of commercial metakaolin push towards the use of locally available low-purity kaolinitic soils, such as laterite covers, as potential raw materials to produce low-CO2 cements with the benefit of reducing the cost of feedstock transportation.

The work is focused on the role of triethanolamine (TEA) and triisopropanolamine (TIPA) on the reaction kinetics of ordinary cement pastes and AAccMs, the latter with different aluminosilicate reactive fraction and degree of purity. TEA and TIPA are tertiary alkanolamines with a developed molecular structure. It has been assessed that low equal dosages of alkanolamines introduced in advance to the mixing water for cement hydration can act on the setting time and the degree of cement reaction. These chemical compounds, and above all TIPA, are recognized as iron-chelating agents that can increase the dissolution rate of ferric ions from the ferroaluminate phase of cement and promote their complexation. Moreover, alkanolamines can also form water-soluble calcium-complexes that may influence the hydration kinetics of calcium-silicate phases and the precipitation of hydrates in the binder microstructure.

The raw and the reacted materials are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the kinetic pathways are followed with the aid of a semi-adiabatic calorimetry. The dissolution-precipitation steps of hydration in aqueous and alkaline solutions are subsequently simulated. Ordinary cement is used to clarify the role of alkanolamines as hardening accelerators. Afterwards, the kinetics of alkali-based pastes of high-purity metakaolin and a Fe-rich laterite, both blended with waste marble powder, are compared with the aim of assessing the formation of calcium-complexes in solution and any change in the kinetics due to the presence of iron in the raw material. Mechanical strength tests are performed to make clear the beneficial or detrimental effect of TEA and TIPA on the materials.