bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Challenge for Parents? Understanding The Needs of a Psychoeducational Program for Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Saputri Nanda Erfani , Abidin Zainal
Published: October 2023

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a disorder with a high prevalence and continues to increase from time to time. ASD is still considered a taboo and a scourge. Whereas ASD is not a disease, but a disorder characterized by a decrease in the quality of individuals in social interactions, communication skills, and repetitive interests and behaviors. Due to the increasing prevalence of ASD and the lack of available information, this study seeks to explore the need for whether a parental assistance program is needed when dealing with a diagnosis of ASD in their child. The research method used in this research is qualitative. Researchers involved 6 participants consisting of 2 parents of children diagnosed with ASD, 2 parents of children with typical development, and 2 therapists who have treated children with special. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The findings in this study indicate that not much is known about ASD by parents. Parents do a lot of searching independently but the information obtained is generally limited. Parents are also often still confused about understanding ASD and what actions can be taken to help their child. One of the main problems parents face when dealing with an ASD diagnosis is acceptance. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) menjadi gangguan dengan prevalensi yang cukup tinggi dan terus meningkat dari waktu ke waktu. ASD masih dianggap tabu dan menjadi momok. Padahal ASD bukanlah suatu penyakit, melainkan sebuah gangguan yang ditandai dengan penurunan kualitas individu dalam interaksi sosial, kemampuan komunikasi, serta minat dan perilaku yang berulang. Dengan prevalensi ASD yang terus meningkat dan kurangnya informasi yang tersedia, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali kebutuhan apakah suatu program psikoedukasi bagi orang tua dibutuhkan ketika menghadapi diagnosa ASD pada anaknya. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Peneliti melibatkan 6 orang partisipan yang terdiri dari 2 orang tua dengan anak terdiagnosa ASD, 2 orang tua dari anak dengan perkembangan tipikal, dan 2 orang terapis yang menangani anak berkebutuhan khusus. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Temuan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan mengenai ASD belum banyak diketahui oleh para orang tua. Orang tua banyak melakukan pencarian secara mandiri namun informasi yang didapat umumnya terbatas. Orang tua juga seringkali masih mengalami kebingungan dalam memahami ASD dan tindakan apa yang dapat dilakukan untuk membantu anak mereka. Salah satu permasalahan utama yang dihadapi orang tua ketika menghadapi diagnosa ASD adalah penerimaan.
'Being a Great Speaker' Training to Improve Student Public Speaking Skills
Authors: Eunike Prisca
Published: October 2023

The term “preacher” refers to individuals who serve as religious or belief system speakers. The core of this role is the responsibility to communicate the principles and teachings of faith to the community. To perform this task effectively, speakers must have a comprehensive understanding and comprehension of public speaking, which includes the art of conveying oracles and the broader concepts of communication in public places. In public speaking, understanding oneself, building confidence, and overcoming anxiety are essential skills to master. The training aims to equip students to become skilled and impactful preachers by learning about public speaking, managing anxiety, and developing self-confidence. This study was designed using a quasi-experiment, one-group pretest-posttest design. The participants that accomplished the entire training series were 21 students. The data were analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test by SPSS 16 program. The result showed a significance value of 0,000 (< 0.05) for knowledge and 0.001 (<0.05) for skills. The significance value of 0.001 indicated differences in knowledge and skills of public speaking before and after the training. Public speaking training performed periodically can be a good alternative to help students develop public communication skills. Istilah “pengkotbah” mengacu pada individu yang berfungsi sebagai pembicara dalam sistem agama atau kepercayaan. Inti dari peran ini adalah tanggung jawab untuk mengkomunikasikan prinsip dan ajaram iman kepada umat/jemaat.  Untuk memenuhi tugas ini secara efektif, pengkotbah harus memiliki pemahaman dan keterampulan komprehensif mengenai public speaking, yang mencakup seni menyampaikan kotbah dan konsep komunikasi yang lebih luas di tempat umum. Dalam public speaking, pemahaman akan diri sendiri, membangun rasa percaya diri dan mengatasi cemas juga merupakan aspek yang penting untuk dikuasai. Pelatihan ini dilakukan untuk melatih mahasiswa menjadi pembicara yang baik dan efektif, melalui pembekalan terkait public speaking, kecemasan dan kepercayaan diri. Desain penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen melalui one group pretest-posttest design. Subjek penelitian yang mengikuti keseluruhan rangkaian pelatihan ini adalah sebanyak 21 mahasiswa.  Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test melalui program SPSS 16. Hasil uji beda menunjukkan signifikansi sig. 0.000 (< 0.05) untuk pemahaman dan sig. 0.001 (<0.05) untuk keterampilan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan tingkat pemahaman dan keterampilan public speaking setelah dilakukan pelatihan. Maka pelatihan public speaking yang dilakukan secara berkala dapat menjadi alternatif baik untuk membantu mahasiswa dalam mengembangkan kemampuan komunikasi di depan umum.
A cross-sectional study of perceptions of COVID-19 and adherence to preventive measures among Saudi college students using the health belief model
Authors: Alsulaiman Saud A.
Published: October 2023

This study utilized the health belief model (HBM) to investigate the association between the perceptions of COVID-19, adherence to healthy behaviors, and the credibility of COVID-19 information. This cross-sectional study utilized an online survey distributed to a random sample of graduate and undergraduate college students (N = 408) at a large public university in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study utilized two validated and reliable 5-point Likert scales to assess individuals’ perceptions of COVID-19 and the credibility of health messages promoted via various communication channels. Various statistical analyses, including Kruskal-Wallis H and Pearson correlation coefficient (r) tests, suggested a positive association between the credibility of COVID-19 information and the HBM and a positive association between the HBM and adopting COVID-19 preventive measures. Individuals perceived public health authorities as more credible sources of COVID-19 information than traditional and social media platforms. The study recommends that public health authorities convey tailored, effective, consistent, and transparent health messages via proper communication channels to persuade and motivate individuals to adopt healthy behaviors during future pandemics.
PEAK GROUND ACCELERATION AT SURFACE AND SPECTRAL ACCELERATION FOR MAKASSAR CITY BASED ON A PROBABILISTIC APPROACH
Authors: Sunardi Bambang , Nugraha Jimmi
Published: October 2023

The December 12, 2010 earthquakes (M 5.9) has drawn attention on the importance of knowledge of peak ground acceleration at surface (PGAM) and spectral acceleration for Makassar City. The PGAM and spectral acceleration play an important role in seismic design regulations. The purpose of this paper is to present the PGAM and spectral acceleration for Makassar City based on a probabilistic approach. The analysis involved determination of peak ground acceleration at bedrock using Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA), the average shear wave velocity at 30 m depth (Vs30), and site classification. Results of the analysis showed that the values of PGAM for Makassar City were varied from 0.177 – 0.21 g. Meanwhile, the spectral acceleration values at T = 0.2 and T = 1 second were varied from 0.459 – 0.541 g and 0.277 – 0.369 g respectively. From these results, the values of PGAM and spectral acceleration are relatively higher at Tamalanrea and Biringkanaya districts and relatively lower at Tamalate district in comparison to other districts in Makassar City. This condition is associated with the location of those areas which are relatively closer to the  earthquake source (Walanae fault), and is geologically dominated by stiff soil (SD).Gempa 12 Desember 2010 (M5.9) menarik perhatian kita akan pentingnya pengetahuan tentang percepatan tanah maksimum di permukaan (PGAM) dan spektra percepatan untuk Kota Makassar. PGAM dan spektra percepatan memegang peranan penting dalam peraturan desain gempa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan PGAM dan percepatan spektra untuk Kota Makassar berdasarkan pendekatan probabilistik. Analisis yang dilakukan meliputi penentuan percepatan tanah maksimum di batuan dasar menggunakan Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA), rata-rata kecepatan gelombang geser pada kedalaman 30 m (Vs30), dan klasifikasi site. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai PGAM untuk Kota Makassar bervariasi dari 0.177 – 0.21 g. Sementaraitu, nilai spektra percepatan pada T=0.2 dan T=1 detik berturut-turut bervariasi dari 0.459 – 0.541 g dan 0.277 – 0.369 g. Nilai PGAM dan spektra percepatan relatif lebih tinggi di Kecamatan Tamalanrea dan Biringkanaya serta relatif lebih rendah di Kecamatan Tamalate dibandingkan dengan Kecamatan lainnya di Kota Makassar. Hal tersebut dikarenakan lokasinya yang relatif lebih dekat dengan sumber gempa (patahan Walanae), dan secara geologi di dominasi oleh jenis tanah sedang (SD).
APLIKASI METODE ENSEMBLE MEAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN RELIABILITAS PREDIKSI HyBMG
Authors: Komalasari Kurnia Endah , Fajariana Yuaning , Nuraini Tri Astuti , Anggraeni Rian
Published: October 2023

Tingginya variasi curah hujan di Indonesia mengakibatkan sulit untuk menentukan model prakiraan iklim yang memiliki validitas dan reliabilitas terbaik. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk  mendapatkan model prakiraan iklim dengan akurasi yang lebih baik dengan menggunakan metode ensemble mean. Metode ensemble mean menggabungkan hasil prediksi dari empat model prakiraan iklim berbasis statistik yang terintegrasi ke dalam software HyBMG, yaitu ARIMA, ANFIS, Wavelet ANFIS, dan Wavelet ARIMA.  Berdasarkan hasil uji coba terhadap data curah hujan dari tahun 2003-2012, ensemble mean dapat meningkatkan performa dari hasil prakiraan iklim dengan single method; hasil prakiraan iklim untuk metode ARIMA dapat meningkat hingga 44.4%, ANFIS 43.4%, Wavelet ARIMA 55.6%, dan Wavelet ANFIS hingga 58.6%. The high rainfall variability in Indonesia makes it difficult to determine the climate forecast models that have the best reliability and validity. This study was conducted to obtain climate forecasting model with better accuracy using the ensemble mean. This method combines prediction results from four statistical climate models integrated within the HyBMG software, i.e. ARIMA, ANFIS, ANFIS Wavelet and Wavelet ARIMA. Based on test results of the 2003-2012 rainfall data, the ensemble mean method is proven to improve the performance of climate forecasts results with only one single method; for ARIMA the improvement is up to 44.4%, ANFIS 43.4%, ARIMA Wavelet 55.6%, and Wavelet ANFIS 58.6%.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KONSENTRASI KARBON MONOKSIDA (CO) DAN SUHU UDARA TERHADAP INTERVENSI ANTHROPOGENIK (STUDI KASUS NYEPI TAHUN 2015 DI PROVINSI BALI)
Authors: Aprilina Kharisma , Badriah Imelda Umiyatul , Aldrian Edvin
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hubungan antara konsentrasi karbon monoksida (CO) dan suhu udara pada saat Perayaan Hari Raya Nyepi tahun 2015 di Provinsi Bali (tanpa intervensi anthropogenik) dan pada hari-hari biasa di luar Hari Raya Nyepi (dengan intervensi anthropogenik). Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan pengukuran konsentrasi CO dan suhu udara di tiga titik pengukuran yaitu Denpasar, Singaraja, dan Bedugul antara tanggal 17-25 Maret 2015, dimana hari Raya Nyepi dirayakan pada tanggal 21 Maret 2015. Pengukuran gas CO dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat pengukur konsentrasi polutan yang dinamakan Multi Gas Sensync dan pengukuran suhu udara dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat Portable Weather Station (PWS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara konsentrasi CO dan suhu diDenpasar, Bedugul dan Singaraja pada saat hari Raya Nyepi menunjukkan adanya hubungan linier yang positifyang berarti antara konsentrasi CO dan suhu udara terjadi pengaruh yang saling menguatkan yaitu apabila terjadi peningkatansuhu udaramaka konsentrasi CO juga akan meningkat dan sebaliknya, sedangkan pada hari-hari di luar hari raya Nyepi hubungan antara keduanya terlihat tidak konsisten yang diduga karena adanya pengaruh dari faktor lain terutama yang disebabkan oleh aktivitas manusia (faktor anthropogenik).

This study was conducted to determine the differences of carbon monoxide (CO) concentration and air temperature relation during the celebration of Nyepi Day 2015 (without anthropogenic intervention) in Bali Province and the days outside Nyepi Day (with anthropogenic intervention). The study was conducted by measuring the CO concentration and air temperature at the three measuring points those were Denpasar, Singaraja, and Bedugul, from 17 to 25 March 2015 which Nyepi Day was celebrated on March 21, 2015.CO measurement was performed using pollutant concentration measuring tool called Multi Gas Sensync and air temperature measurement was performed using Portable Weather Station (PWS). The results showed that the relation between CO concentration and air temperature in Denpasar, Bedugul, and Singaraja during Nyepi Daygenerally showed a positive linear relation which means that CO concentration and air temperature influences each other: whenever there was an increase in air temperature then CO concentration will also increase and vice versa, whereas in the days outside Nyepi Day, relation between the two looks inconsistent due to the influence of other factors mainly caused by human activity (anthropogenic factors).
KAJIAN KERENTANAN TANAH BERDASARKAN ANALISIS HVSR DI DAERAH SEMBURAN LUMPUR SIDOARJO DAN SEKITARNYA, JAWA TIMUR, INDONESIA
Authors: Karyono Karyono , Syafri Ildrem , Abdurrokhim Abdurrokhim , Masturyono Masturyono , Rohadi Supriyanto , Arifin Januar , Sudrajat Ajat , Mazzini Adriano , Hadi Soffian , Agustya Agustya
Published: October 2023

Aluvium merupakan fitur geologi yang memiliki sifat rentan terhadap pengaruh gempabumi. Daerah Porong dan sekitarnya tempat semburan Lumpur Sidoarjo (Lusi) terjadi merupakan daerah dataran yang ditutupi oleh endapan aluvium Delta Brantas, sehingga daerah ini merupakan zona lemah yang rentan terhadap pengaruh gempabumi. Hal ini diperkuat dengan adanya sesar Watukosek di daerah tersebut. Dengan tujuan untuk membuktikan hal tersebut maka dilakukan observasi seismik dengan cara memasang 71 stasiun pengamat gempabumi temporal yang tersebar di daerah Sidoarjo dan sekitarnya. Hasil analisis Horizontal Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) terhadap data seismik diperoleh sebaran frekuensi natural bawah permukaan lebih rendah di daerah Lusi yaitu 0,4Hz. Hasil analisis juga mengungkap bahwa di daerah tersebut mempunyai amplifikasi tanah sebesar 5,2 dan tingkat kerentanan tanah sebesar 56, lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan daerah lain di sekitarnya. Karena letaknya di zona lemah, maka berimplikasi bahwa Lusi menjadi sensitif terhadap gangguan luar misalnya dampak kejadian gempabumi menjadi lebih besar pada daerah ini. Alluvium is a geological feature characterized by high risk vulnerability influenced by the earthquakes. Porong and surrounding areas where the eruption of Lumpur Sidoarjo’s (Lusi) occurred are areas covered by alluvium sediment of Brantas Delta, as consequences this area is a weak zone characterized by high risk vulnerability as well. This is also supported by the present of Watukosek fault system in this area. To proved, we deployed 71 temporary seismic stations distributed in and around Sidoarjo area. The Horizontal Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) analysis revealed that the natural frequency in Lusi area is about 0.4Hz, this is lower than other part areas. The analysis also revealed that this area has soil amplification about 5.2 and soil vulnerability index about 56, these are higher compared with other part areas. These results support that this area is a weak zone. Because of its location in a weak zone, this implies that Lusi became sensitive to external perturbation for example the earthquake events would have greater impact to this area.
Human exposure to micro- and nanoplastic: biological effects and health consequence
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independenței, Bunea Anamaria-Cristina , Dinischiotu Anca ,   Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independenței
Published: October 2023

Microplastics and nanoplastics are significant contributors to pollution as a consequence of increased plastic manufacturing and consumption, which has resulted in a worldwide environmental crisis. These small plastic particles (microplastics and nanoplastics with diameters less than 5 mm respectively 100 nm) originate from a wide range of sources, including packings, synthetic textiles, personal care products, and medical and laboratory consumables. The environmental effects and potential health hazards linked with microplastics and nanoplastics exposure are addressed in this review. Research has demonstrated a link between these plastic particles and human digestive, reproductive, respiratory, endocrine and cardiovascular pathologies. Microplastics and nanoplastics have the potential to be chronically detrimental given that they accumulate in human tissues and organs and are small enough to slip through cell membranes. In hopes of fully comprehending the mechanisms of toxicity and long-term consequences of exposure to microplastics and nanoplastics on human health, further research is urgently required. Policies that reduce the production and consumption of plastics and improve waste management practices are essential to combating plastic pollution.
Desafíos Latinoamericanos de la soberanía alimentaria desde un enfoque constitucional
Authors: Mendoza Pablo Ricardo , Mila Maldonado Frank Luis , Yanez Yanez Karla Ayerim
Published: October 2023

La soberanía alimentaria se ha abordado desde lo normativo y la jurisprudencia; no obstante, es necesario comprender su alcance desde lo constitucional interno en la región latinoamericana; todo ello, en función del nuevo paradigma que supone la conjunción de lo agrario, lo alimentario y lo ambiental dentro de la concepción de acceso oportuno y equitativo de alimentos inocuos. Esto conllevó al análisis de su naturaleza jurídica como principio o como derecho fundamental desde el derecho internacional público y el Derecho Constitucional latinoamericano nutrido del Buen vivir, contrastado con el modelo de desarrollo sustentable. Desde una investigación documental cualitativa se pudo concluir que la soberanía alimentaria es definida transversalmente; sin embargo, los mecanismos para su observancia no tienen eficacia estatal en lo que respecta a sus elementos necesarios como oportunidad e innocuidad. En América Latina se incorporan elementos de los derechos de los pueblos desde el Sumak Kawsay.
Análisis dogmático de la tensión entre derechos de la naturaleza y megaminería, en el marco de la Constitución ecuatoriana
Authors: Grefa Valencia Carla , Sacher Freslon William
Published: October 2023

Con la Constitución de 2008, Ecuador se convirtió en pionero del reconocimiento constitucional de la naturaleza como sujeto jurídico, al mismo tiempo que promovía la megaminería y la colocaba como eje de su futuro económico. En función de este escenario, el artículo fija su atención en el análisis de posibles contradicciones dogmáticas entre los derechos de la naturaleza y los derechos mineros referentes a operaciones de megaminería, dentro del marco jurídico ecuatoriano. En este sentido, se presenta una síntesis sobre la trayectoria y desarrollo de los derechos de la naturaleza en el Ecuador, así como el paso histórico de la minería a gran escala en el país y una breve síntesis de los impactos ambientales documentados en la literatura académica. En base a ello, se identificó una serie de puntos de tensión dogmática, según los términos de la Constitución ecuatoriana. Para el desarrollo de este artículo se utilizó el método teórico-doctrinal, a través de dos niveles: hermenéutico y teórico-dogmático. En virtud de este artículo, se argumenta que el régimen jurídico ecuatoriano en su conjunto no está construido ni se ha actualizado para acoger las premisas del reconocimiento constitucional de los derechos de la naturaleza ni las implicaciones de la minería a gran escala sobre estos, identificándose un serio vacío en caso de vulneraciones a nivel de ecosistémico.
El proceso oral en las materias contencioso-administrativa y contencioso-tributaria en Ecuador: breve relato de una transformación gris
Authors: Galán Melo Gabriel Santiago
Published: October 2023

El presente articulo pretende relatar de modo muy sucinto ciertas particularidades de la inclusión de las materias contencioso-administrativa y contencioso-tributaria en el proceso de audiencias reglado, en Ecuador, por el Código Orgánico General de Procesos (COGEP): su caracterización y las posibles ventajas y desventajas que la transformación procesal ha evidenciado prima facie -y a ojos de este relator- a esta fecha (mayo de 2022). En nuestro país, a partir de la promulgación del COGEP, académicos, jueces y abogados anunciaron abiertamente un sinnúmero de retos y reparos a la transformación procesal impuesta en los ámbitos atribuidos para el litigio de lo contencioso administrativo y lo contencioso tributario, cuya discusión sigue inconclusa. La finalidad que este trabajo persigue es relievar algunos de los posibles aciertos y desaciertos que aún se debaten públicamente sobre el cambio realizado.
ACP1 is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that acid phosphatase 1, encoded by ACP1, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. ACP1 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of ACP1 in primary tumors was correlated with patient overall, distant metastasis-free and recurrence-free survival. Modulation of ACP1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Pendidikan Anti Korupsi Pada Jenjang Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Azizah Mita Yani Nur
Published: October 2023

Korupsi saat ini menjadi perilaku yang membudaya, bahkan korupsi ini menjadi perdebatan dan juga selalu jadi isu yang hangat di negara Indonesia khususnya. Tampak jadi hal lumrah ditengah masyarakat, lalu keprihatinan muncul sebab kejadian ini bisa ditemukan dimana saja baik di Lembaga Pemerintahan, Lembaga Pendidikan. Maka dari itu upaya penegakan, pemberantasan tetap gencar dilakukan oleh pemerintah dari segi hukum. Tetapi mungkinpemerintah lupa dengan aspek dasar yaitu Pendidikan, baru sedikit diterapkan oleh pemerintah melalui Pendidikan padahal Pendidikan bisa sebagai upaya untuk memberantas Korupsi. Pendidikan anti korupsi sudah hadir dijenjang tingkat persekolahan, mulai darisekolah dasar, sekolah menegah, sampai perguruan tinggi, namun dari semua itu baru sebatas teoritis saja. Belum kepada tindakan atau metode yang harus dilakukan oleh siswa maupun guru dalam pelaksaan praktik anti korupsi. Dalam hal ini perlu adanya pandangan kritis terhadap Pendidikan yang mendorong pembelajaran guru ke siswa guna membangun kesadaran tentang cara mereka bertindak, bersikap melawan korupsi.
konsep kepemilikan dalam islam
Authors: saputri Eka dwi
Published: October 2023

memebahas tetang konsep konsep kepemilikan harta dan cara mendapatkan serta pengelolaannya
Konsep Kepemilikan Dalam Islam
Authors: Nengsih Teti Wida
Published: October 2023

Penjelasan mengenai konsep kepemilikan dalam islam
Enhancing Performance Across Multiple Domains Through Active Learning-Driven Improvement Tactics
Authors: Odu Anthomy , Rose Jack , olaoyegodwin  , joel Fred
Published: October 2023

In today's rapidly evolving world, performance enhancement across multiple domains isa challenge that researchers and practitioners are constantly striving to address. Activelearning-driven improvement tactics have emerged as a powerful approach to achievingbetter results in various areas, from machine learning to education. This article delvesinto the significance and methodologies of enhancing performance across multipledomains through active learning-driven strategies
“Discredit,” “Neutralize,” “Destroy”: the targeting of doctors and scientists who reported the deadly toxicities of a painkilling drug
Authors: Scheim David
Published: October 2023

A painkilling drug, Vioxx, received FDA approval in May 1999, after its developer, Merck, had presented the results of eight studies that tested the drug on 5,400 subjects. Five years later, in September 2004, Merck withdrew Vioxx, after its cardiac toxicities were found to have caused an estimated up to 139,000 heart attacks and killed 38,000 in the US. In the interim, as revealed in Merck internal documents disclosed in court filings, Merck had prepared a spreadsheet listing individual doctors and scientists who had reported the toxic effects of Vioxx and assigned task forces to “discredit” or “neutralize” them. One Merck executive emailed another, “we may need to seek them out and destroy them where they live.” Merck also distributed a PowerPoint presentation entitled “Dodge Ball Vioxx” to its drug sales representatives, with instructions for dodging awkward inquiries from physicians. To the question, “I am concerned about the cardiovascular effects of Vioxx?” the answer that Merck instructed was: “DODGE!”
STX19 is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that syntaxin 19, encoded by STX19, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. STX19 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of STX19 in primary tumors was correlated with overall, distant metastasis-free and recurrence-free survival. Modulation of STX19 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
VDAC1 is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that voltage dependent anion channel 1, encoded by VDAC1, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. VDAC1 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of VDAC1 in primary tumors was correlated with overall and recurrence-free survival. Modulation of VDAC1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Control of PFKFB4 by NOD2.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2023

We provide evidence here from overexpression-based gain-of-function studies in human cells (1, 2) which demonstrate control of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 4 expression by the NLR (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor) family protein NOD2.
Control of E2F7 by NOD2.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2023

We provide evidence here from loss-of-function studies in mice and gain-of-function studies in human cells (1, 2) which demonstrate control of E2F7 expression by the NLR (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor) family protein NOD2.
Pendidikan Anti Korupsi Untuk Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Utomo Tegar Dwi
Published: October 2023

Korupsi yang terjadi di Indonesia sudah sangat mengkhawatirkan dan berdampak buruk luar biasa pada hampir seluruh sendi kehidupan. Korupsi telah menghancurkan sistem perekonomian, sistem demokrasi, sistem politik, sistem hukum, sistem pemerintahan, dan tatanan sosial kemasyarakatan di negeri ini. Dilain pihak upaya pemberantasan korupsi yang telah dilakukan selama ini belum menunjukkan hasil yang optimal. Korupsi dalam berbagai tingkatan tetap saja banyak terjadi seolah-olah telah menjadi bagian dari kehidupan kita yang bahkan sudah dianggap sebagai hal yang biasa. Jika kondisi ini tetap kita biarkan berlangsung maka cepat atau lambat korupsi akan menghancurkan negeri ini. Korupsi harus dipandang sebagai kejahatan luar biasa (extra ordinary crime) yang oleh karena itu memerlukan upaya luar biasa pula untuk memberantasnya. Upaya pemberantasan korupsi – yang terdiri dari dua bagian besar, yaitu (1) penindakan, dan (2) pencegahan –tidak akan pernah berhasil optimal jika hanya dilakukan oleh pemerintah saja tanpa melibatkan peran serta masyarakat. Oleh karena itu tidaklah berlebihan jika mahasiswa –sebagai salah satu bagian penting dari masyarakat yang merupakan pewaris masa depan– diharapkan dapat terlibat aktif dalam upaya pemberantasan korupsi di Indonesia.
BMS1 is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that BMS1 ribosome biogenesis factor, encoded by BMS1, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. BMS1 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of BMS1 in primary tumors was correlated with patient distant metastasis-free and recurrence-free survival. Modulation of BMS1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
PGK1 is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that phosphoglycerate kinase 1, encoded by PGK1, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. PGK1 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of PGK1 in primary tumors was correlated with patient overall, distant metastasis-free and recurrence-free survival. Modulation of PGK1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Tugas resume 3
Authors: Afdila Deviya Nur
Published: October 2023

Pemilik hakiki kekayaan adalah Allah SWT “ Dan berikanlah kepada mereka, harta allah yang telah dia berikan kepada kalian. “(Qs. An-Nur: 33)
ACAP3 is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that ArfGAP with coiled-coil, ankyrin repeat and PH domains 3, encoded by ACAP3, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. ACAP3 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of ACAP3 in primary tumors was correlated with recurrence-free survival. Modulation of ACAP3 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Characterizing affect dynamics with a damped linear oscillator model: Theoretical considerations and recommendations for individual-level applications.
Authors: Ollero Mar J.F. , Estrada Eduardo , Hunter Michael D. , Cáncer Pablo Fernández
Published: October 2023

People show stable differences in the way their affect fluctuates over time. Within the general framework of dynamical systems, the damped linear oscillator (DLO) model has been proposed as a useful approach to study affect dynamics. The DLO model can be applied to repeated measures provided by a single individual, and the resulting parameters can capture relevant features of the person's affect dynamics. Focusing on negative affect, we provide an accessible interpretation of the DLO model parameters in terms of emotional lability, resilience, and vulnerability. We conducted a Monte Carlo study to test the DLO model performance under different empirically relevant conditions in terms of individual characteristics and sampling scheme. We used State-Space Models (SSM) in continuous-time. The results show that, under certain conditions, the DLO model is able to accurately and efficiently recover the parameters underlying the affective dynamics of a single individual. We discuss the results and the theoretical and practical implications of using this model, illustrate how to use it for studying psychological phenomena at the individual level, and provide specific recommendations on how to collect data for this purpose. We also provide a tutorial website and computer code in R to implement this approach.
Educational Neuromyths and Instructional Practices:The Case of Inclusive Education Teachers in Hong Kong
Authors: Tsan Po Yin , Francis Gill Althia , Pavlidou Elpis V.
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTBackground: Educational neuromyths are known to exist amongst teachers in Western countries, and some researchers argue that neuromyths may affect classroom teaching.Method: An online survey was designed and distributed to sixty-four Hong Kong inclusive education teachers. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation,hierarchical multiple regression, and thematic analysis were used to analyzed the collected data.Results: First, there is a relatively low prevalence of neuromyths among Hong Kong teachers. Second, neuromyths were not significantly correlated with inclusive teachers' instructional practices. Third, teachers’ general knowledge of the brain was significantly correlated with neuromyths and is a significant predictor of neuromyths. Fourth, the work-related stress of teachers was the main barrier to learning about neuroscience and adopting evidence-based practices in classroom teaching in Hong Kong.Conclusion: Our findings raise awareness of environmental and cultural factors that need to be considered and might affect the prevalence of neuromyths studies in non-WEIRD contexts.
Ask How They Did It: Untangling the Relationships Between Task-Specific Strategy Use, Everyday Strategy Use, and Associative Memory
Authors: Terao Caitlin Marie , Pishdadian Sara , Moscovitch Morris , Rosenbaum R. Shayna
Published: October 2023

Past research has shown that self-reported everyday and task-specific strategy use are related to associative memory performance in aging. Understudied is the relationship between these types of strategy use, whether they predict associative memory performance, and how this may differ across genders. A sample of older adults (N = 566, 53% female, ages 60–80) was recruited for this online study. Study measures included the Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire (MMQ) Strategy Use subscale, a self-report measure of everyday strategy use, Face-Name Task (FNT), an objective measure of associative memory, and self-initiated number and types of strategies used on the FNT. Analyses examined the interrelationships among all study measures and their relative contributions to FNT performance while accounting for intraindividual factors. Participants who reported using more strategies on the FNT performed better and those reporting using at least three strategies and relating FNT to past experience performed best. Women outperformed men on the FNT but did not differ in task strategy use. Participants who reported using no strategies on the FNT had lower MMQ Strategy Use scores. A multiple regression analysis found significant predictors of FNT performance were female gender and using at least two task strategies. The results indicate that task-specific strategy use is more related to associative memory performance than everyday strategy use and that a female advantage in FNT performance is not due to strategy use. Findings encourage querying task-specific strategy use to contextualize age-related associative memory decline.
The anorexic voice: A dialogical enquiry and thematic analysis.
Authors: Georgeaux-Healy Chloé , Serpell Lucy , Pugh Matthew , Burnett-Stuart Sarah , Chua Natalie
Published: October 2023

Although prevalent among those given a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa (AN), the internal anorexic voice (AV) is little understood. This study aimed to explore the AV’s role in the development and maintenance of AN from a new perspective – that of the AV itself. Nine women with a diagnosis of AN participated. Data was collected via dialogical enquiry, which entailed direct, semi-structured interviews with participants’ AVs. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. Three themes build a picture of a symbiotic yet destructive relationship between AV and individual. Firstly, ‘Pragmatism’ describes the AV’s supposedly invaluable, problem-solving persona. Secondly, ‘Relationship’ depicts the valued yet fraught, unbalanced, and often unwanted bond between AV and individual. Thirdly, ‘Self-preservation’ presents the AV’s drive to retain control for its own survival. In clinical practice, curiosity regarding relationships with AVs could highlight barriers to recovery and inform treatment. Future research should focus on diverse samples and consider ways of working with eating disorder voices to promote recovery.
Indirect reciprocity with Bayesian reasoning and biases
Authors: Morsky Bryce , Plotkin Joshua B. , Akcay Erol
Published: October 2023

Reputations can foster cooperation by indirect reciprocity: if I am good to you then others will be good to me. But this mechanism for cooperation in one-shot interactions only works when people agree on who is good and who is bad. Errors in actions or assessments can produce disagreements about reputations, which can unravel the positive feedback loop between social standing and pro-social behaviour. Cooperators can end up punished and defectors rewarded. Public reputation systems and empathy are two possible mechanisms to promote agreement about reputations. Here we suggest an alternative: Bayesian reasoning by observers. By taking into account the probabilities or errors in action and observation and their prior beliefs about the prevalence of good people in the population, observers can use Bayesian reasoning to determine whether or not someone is good. To study this scenario, we develop an evolutionary game theoretical model in which players use Bayesian reasoning to assess reputations. We explore this model analytically and numerically for the leading five social norms: Scoring, Shunning, Simple Standing, Staying, and Stern Judging. For some norms, the resulting dynamics under Bayesian reasoning are qualitatively similar to non-Bayesian private assessments, and some norms are similar to non-Bayesian public assessment. Others norms are different from both. We point out where Bayesian reasoning can abate the problem of reputation disagreement and help maintain cooperation. Additionally, we study the impacts of positive and negative biases in individuals' beliefs about each others reputations.
Linguistic Anthropology in Russian Translation (Afterword to the discussion)
Authors: Khonineva Ekaterina , Kasatkina Alexandra
Published: October 2023

The article presents the results of the Forum “Linguistic Anthropology”, dedicated to the current state of language and culture studies in Russia. It is obvious that the transfer of an interdisciplinary field called “Linguistic Anthropology” to Russian science and education is already underway. At the same time, as the discussion shows, a Russian version of this area is organized around several points of attraction: Western literature on language and culture and language and politics, the theory and methods of linguistics, sociolinguistics, conversational analysis and discourse analysis, and the Russian school of еthnolinguistics. An intriguing methodological problem at the intersection of anthropology and linguistics is dealing with the unspoken, the ambiguous and the ironic. The participants in the discussion ask critical questions both of the grounds on which the researcher recognizes gaps and ambiguities, and of the goals of her interlocutors when they indicate that certain meanings cannot be expressed. Reflecting on the analytical potential of the metaphor of translation (another point where language and culture meet), the Forum participants talk about its political underpinnings: translation can both establish hierarchical relationships and create a space for cooperation. The discussion showed that the translation of American linguistic anthropology into Russian academic reality can create a space for dialogue both between disciplines and between researchers from different countries. The union of anthropology and linguistics offers relevant tools that are in demand not only among anthropologists and ethnographers, but also among historians, sociologists and other researchers who seek to understand social reality.
Logistics, Inequalities and the Politics of Time in Contemporary Russian Trucking
Authors: Lurie Yakov
Published: October 2023

Based on mobile ethnography among long-distance truckers, the paper explores the temporal dimensions of their everyday work. In the neoliberal Russian trucking industry, large transport companies and their clients prioritize ‘efficient’ logistics, relying on computational calculations and an urge to keep the goods moving. Accordingly, corporate temporal policies are shaped by clock time logic. However, the reality of truckers’ everyday mobility is filled with contextual factors such as traffic jams, time zone changes, and weather conditions that disrupt the clock time logic. The clash between the smooth temporal politics of logistics and the unpredictable experiences of truckers leads to conflicts, requiring drivers to adjust their pace, routines, and bodies, often resulting in a sense of vulnerability and uncertainty. Despite these challenges, the paper highlights how truckers skilfully navigate various rhythms, finding a sense of game-like enthusiasm in their work. By examining the contradictions between logistical clock time and drivers’ time, the study sheds light on the inequalities surrounding the labor of longhaul truck drivers and explores the social, emotional, and bodily effects of these inequalities. Through an inside look into the drivers’ perspective from inside their cabs, the paper provides insight into the workings of 24/7 capitalism in Russia.
A Review of Raf de Bont, Nature’s Diplomats: Science, Internationalism, and Preservation, 1920–1960. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2021, 373 pp.
Authors: Fedotova Anastasia
Published: October 2023

“Nature’s Diplomats: Science, Internationalism, and Preservation, 1920–1960” (2021) by Raf de Bont, professor at the University of Maastricht, analyzes the long-term influence of ideas formulated in the first half of the 20th century for the international movement for nature conservation. As the author proves, the early 20th century naturalists and the nongovernmental organizations that they created exercised a decisive influence on the theory and practice of the international movement for nature protection throughout the 20th century. This influence is still noticeable in the early decades of the 21st century. The book shows that the “internationalism” of early organizations for nature conservation was rather limited, the social composition was far from inclusive, and the “scientific approach” was not as self-evident and ideologically neutral as we tend to think. The most influential figures in the international nature conservation were aristocratic landowners and the upper middle classes from leading urban centers of North-Western Europe and the east coast of the United States who had been trained and actively engaged in natural history.