bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eating psychopathology in ballet dancers: a meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Silverii G. A. , Benvenuti F. , Morandin G. , Ricca V. , Monami M. , Mannucci E. , Rotella F.
Published: May 2021

Objective

To assess whether ballet dancers have higher eating psychopathology mean scores than the general population.

Methods

Meta-analysis of cross-sectional observational studies comparing the scores of one or more of the validated eating psychopathological scales between ballet dancers and any control groups.

Results

Twelve studies were included in the metanalysis. Ballet dancers had a significantly higher EAT score (12 studies retrieved, SMD 0.82 [95% CI 0.44–1.19], p < 0.00001, I2 = 84)]; subgroup analysis suggested a possible role of control subjects’ choice in explaining heterogeneity. Scores on the EDI subscales of Drive for Thinness, Bulimia, and Body dissatisfaction were available from four studies; Drive for Thinness was higher in ballet dancers (SMD 0.62 [0.01, 1.22]), as well as the Bulimia scale (SMD 0.38 [0.02, 0.73], p = 0.04) and the Body Dissatisfaction scale (SMD 0.34 [0.15, 0.53]). Data on Perfectionism, Interpersonal problems, Ineffectiveness, and Maturity fears, were available from three studies. Higher scores in Perfectionism (SMD 0.68 [0.24, 1.12] p = 0.02), Interpersonal problems (SMD 0.24 [0.02, 0.47], in Inefficacy, (SMD 2.18 [1.31, 3.06]) were found for ballet dancers; on the other hand, Maturity fears scores were not significantly different between ballet dancers and controls (IV-MD = 0.15 [− 0.07, 0.36]). Seven studies reported tests not performed elsewhere.

Discussion

Ballet dancers show a higher level of restriction and drive for thinness than controls, and they may be, therefore, at higher risk for the development of eating disorders. Available studies do not allow the discrimination of dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviors from adaptive responses.

Level of evidence

Level I (evidence obtained from systematic reviews and meta-analyses).
An Experts' Guide to International Protocol
Authors: Monod de Froideville Gilbert , Verheul Mark
Published: May 2021

Although modern life grows increasingly casual, in many sectors, protocol still reigns supreme. An Expert's Guide to International Protocol offers an overview of its associated practices, including those found within the context of diplomatic relations and the business world. Focusing on a wide range of countries and cultures, the book covers topics like seating arrangements, the history and use of flags, ceremonies, invitations and dress codes, and gifts and decorations. Throughout, influential diplomatic, business, cultural, and sports figures share their own experiences with protocols around the world, also throughout the COVID-19 pandemic.
In/on applied legal research: Pragmatic limits to the impact of peripheral international legal scholarship via policy papers
Authors: Giannattasio Arthur Roberto Capella , Drezza Débora Roma , Wehby Maria Beatriz
Published: May 2021

This article examines the limits that academics from peripheral countries might encounter while trying to influence the decision-making process inside an international organization. Although there are different mechanisms whereby academia might influence non-academic debates, we highlight here the use of policy papers, in order to examine and discuss the non-textual barriers which might be faced by those academics. After an analysis of primary sources this article presents some pragmatic limits in the use of policy papers and discusses the consequences of this condition for the legitimation of international organizations. As such, relevant international organizations still seem to be unresponsive to some initiatives in particular: closed to the spontaneous participation of academia; and not willing to call for contributions from academic communities. This is particularly relevant for contributions from peripheral academia and other non-state actors, who lack the capability to disturb the traditional ideational power exercised by core (Western) countries and by state-centric ideology in current international law.
Bending Our Ethics Code
Authors: Hilbig Benjamin E. , Thielmann Isabel , Böhm Robert
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Deception of research participants has long been and remains a hot-button issue in the behavioral sciences. At the same time, the field of psychology is fortunate to have an ethics code to rely on in determining whether and how to use and report on deception of participants. Despite ongoing normative controversies, the smallest common denominator among psychologists is that deception ought to be a last resort – to be used only when there is no other defensible way to study a question or phenomenon. Going beyond previous normative discussions or inquiries into the mere prevalence of deception, we ask the fundamental question whether common practice is compatible with this interpretation of our field’s ethical standards. Findings from an empirical literature review – focusing on the feasibility of nondeceptive alternative procedures and the presence of explicit justifications for the use of deception – demonstrate that there is a notable gap between the last resort interpretation of our ethical standards and common practice in psychological research. The findings are discussed with the aim of identifying viable ways in which researchers, journal editors, and the scientific associations crafting our ethics codes may narrow this gap.
Characteristics of the Long‐Lived Concentric Eyewalls in Tropical Cyclones
Authors: Yang Yi‐Ting , Kuo Hung‐Chi , Tsujino Satoki , Chen Buo‐Fu , Peng Melinda S
Published: May 2021

Concentric eyewalls (CEs) in tropical cyclones (TCs) in different basins were identified based on satellite imagery during 1997–2014. Their duration and structural parameters, including inner eyewall size, moat width, and outer eyewall width, were calculated. Differences in these parameters can best be distinguished by short‐lived and long‐lived CEs (i.e., CEs with durations shorter or longer than 20 h). A long‐lived CE tends to have a larger size, mainly contributed by a larger moat and a larger outer eyewall width. The inner eyewall size shows no significant difference between short‐lived and long‐lived CEs in the western North Pacific (WNP) but increases slightly and steadily with increasing CE durations in the Atlantic (ATL). Furthermore, the WNP has far more CEs than in ATL and in the eastern Pacific (EPAC) for all duration categories. Long‐lived CEs cover about 20% of all CEs and are associated with higher sea surface temperature and weaker vertical wind shear. In the WNP, the TC tracks associated with long‐lived CEs were with the less northward motion component. Furthermore, seven TCs with triple eyewalls in the WNP are identified during 1997–2014, with only one case in the EPAC and no ATL case. It is found that five cases of these triple eyewalls TC in the WNP evolved to long‐lived CEs. The results suggest that the CE internal dynamical process, the TC track during the CE period, and the environmental conditions are all critical to the CE size and duration.
Data‐Model Comparisons of Tropical Hydroclimate Changes Over the Common Era
Authors: Atwood A. R. , Battisti D. S. , Wu E. , Frierson D. M. W. , Sachs J. P.
Published: May 2021

We examine the evidence for large‐scale tropical hydroclimate changes over the Common Era based on a compilation of 67 tropical hydroclimate records from 55 sites and assess the consistency between the reconstructed hydroclimate changes and those simulated by transient model simulations of the last millennium. Our synthesis of the proxy records reveals several regionally coherent patterns on centennial time scales. From 800 to 1000 CE, records from the eastern Pacific and parts of Mesoamerica indicate a pronounced drying event relative to background conditions of the Common Era. In addition, 1400–1700 CE is marked by pronounced hydroclimate changes across the tropics, including dry and/or isotopically enriched conditions in South and East Asia, wet and/or isotopically depleted conditions in the central Andes and southern Amazon in South America, and fresher and/or isotopically depleted conditions in the Maritime Continent. We find notable dissimilarities between the regional hydroclimate changes and global‐scale and hemispheric‐scale temperature reconstructions, indicating that more work needs to be done to understand the mechanisms of the widespread tropical hydroclimate changes during the LIA. Apropos to previous interpretations of large‐scale reorganization of tropical Pacific climate during the LIA, we do not find support for a large‐scale southward shift of the Pacific Intertropical Convergence Zone, while evidence for a strengthened Pacific Walker Circulation and/or an equatorward contraction of the monsoonal Asian‐Australian rain belt exists from limited geographic regions but require additional paleoclimate constraints. Transient climate model simulations exhibit weak forced long‐term tropical rainfall changes over the last millennium but provide several important insights to the proxy reconstructions.
Impact of prior JAK-inhibitor therapy with ruxolitinib on outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for myelofibrosis: a study of the CMWP of EBMT
Authors: Kröger Nicolaus , Sbianchi Giulia , Sirait Tiarlan , Wolschke Christine , Beelen Dietrich , Passweg Jakob , Robin Marie , Vrhovac Radovan , Helbig Grzegorz , Sockel Katja , Conneally Eibhlin , Rubio Marie Thérèse , Beguin Yves , Finke Jürgen , Bernasconi Paolo , Morozova Elena , Clausen Johannes , von dem Borne Peter , Schaap Nicolaas , Schroyens Wilfried , Patriarca Francesca , Di Renzo Nicola , Yeğin Zeynep Arzu , Hayden Patrick , McLornan Donal , Yakoub-Agha Ibrahim
Published: May 2021

JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib (RUX) is approved in patients with myelofibrosis but the impact of pretreatment with RUX on outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains to be determined. We evaluated the impact of RUX on outcome in 551 myelofibrosis patients who received HSCT without (n = 274) or with (n = 277) RUX pretreatment. The overall leukocyte engraftment on day 45 was 92% and significantly higher in RUX responsive patients than those who had no or lost response to RUX (94% vs. 85%, p = 0.05). The 1-year non-relapse mortality was 22% without significant difference between the arms. In a multivariate analysis (MVA) RUX pretreated patients with ongoing spleen response at transplant had a significantly lower risk of relapse (8.1% vs. 19.1%; p = 0.04)] and better 2-year event-free survival (68.9% vs. 53.7%; p = 0.02) in comparison to patients without RUX pretreatment. For overall survival the only significant factors were age > 58 years (p = 0.03) and HLA mismatch donor (p = 0.001). RUX prior to HSCT did not negatively impact outcome after transplantation and patients with ongoing spleen response at time of transplantation had best outcome.
Mitochondria-targeted cyclometalated rhodium(iii) complexes: synthesis, characterization and anticancer research
Authors: Peng Yan-Bo , He Wei , Niu Qiang , Tao Can , Zhong Xiao-Lan , Tan Cai-Ping , Zhao Ping
Published: May 2021

Mitochondria-targeted cyclometalated Rh(iii) complexes exhibited potential anticancer activity against human cancer cells and induced cell apoptosis by mitochondrial damage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and caspase activation.
Lower limits for non-radiative recombination loss in organic donor/acceptor complexes
Authors: Liu Yun , Zheng Zilong , Coropceanu Veaceslav , Brédas Jean-Luc , Ginger David S.
Published: May 2021

An emissive yet charge-generating organic donor/acceptor blend is demonstrated, which highlights the importance of electronic hybridization between the charge-transfer and local-exciton states to reduce non-radiative recombination loss.
Synergy of interference, scattering and pigmentation for structural coloration ofJordanita globulariaemoth
Authors: Pavlović Danica , Savić-Šević Svetlana , Salatić Branislav , Lazović Vladimir , Zhang Wang , Zhang Di , Pantelić Dejan
Published: May 2021

We show how concave multilayer and irregular structures interact with light producing green colored moth scales. Diffraction and scattering-enhanced absorptions of pigments produce a slightly iridescent color closely matching the spectrum of green foliage.
3D printable and fringe electric field adhesion enabled variable stiffness artificial muscles for semi-active vibration attenuation
Authors: Liu Chen , Li Bo , Li Zhuoyuan , Cao Chongjing , Gao Xing , Zhang Ketao , Chen Hualing
Published: May 2021

A light and fully flexible artificial muscle fabricated by 3D printing is able to instantly promote its stiffness by an induced fringe electric field with different voltages, which is then implemented as a semi-active absorber for vibration attenuation.
Line spectrum extraction method based on hidden Markov model
Authors: Ma Kai , Luo Guangcheng , Cheng Jian , Cheng Yusheng , Li Haitao
Published: May 2021

To solve the difficult problem of line spectrum detection with a low signal‐to‐noise ratio, a line spectrum extraction algorithm based on a hidden Markov model (HMM) is proposed. The forward–backward algorithm was used to track single and multiple spectral lines in a lofargram, and a new algorithm for the state transition probability matrix was proposed to handle the large amount of HMM calculation and the uncertainty difficulty in processing real signals. Finally, a median fitting algorithm was used to correct the few outlier points in the line spectrum estimation process. Simulation and sea trial data showed that the algorithm had good line spectrum tracking ability for a low signal‐to‐noise ratio.
Anomaly detection in video sequences: A benchmark and computational model
Authors: Wan Boyang , Jiang Wenhui , Fang Yuming , Luo Zhiyuan , Ding Guanqun
Published: May 2021

Anomaly detection has attracted considerable search attention. However, existing anomaly detection databases encounter two major problems. Firstly, they are limited in scale. Secondly, training sets contain only video‐level labels indicating the existence of an abnormal event during the full video while lacking annotations of precise time durations. To tackle these problems, we contribute a new Large‐scale Anomaly Detection (LAD) database as the benchmark for anomaly detection in video sequences, which is featured in two aspects. 1) It contains 2000 video sequences including normal and abnormal video clips with 14 anomaly categories including crash, fire, violence etc. with large scene varieties, making it the largest anomaly analysis database to date. 2) It provides the annotation data, including video‐level labels (abnormal/normal video, anomaly type) and frame‐level labels (abnormal/normal video frame) to facilitate anomaly detection. Leveraging the above benefits from the LAD database, we further formulate anomaly detection as a fully supervised learning problem and propose a multi‐task deep neural network to solve it. We firstly obtain the local spatiotemporal contextual feature by using an Inflated 3D convolutional (I3D) network. Then we construct a recurrent convolutional neural network fed the local spatiotemporal contextual feature to extract the spatiotemporal contextual feature. With the global spatiotemporal contextual feature, the anomaly type and score can be computed simultaneously by a multi‐task neural network. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art anomaly detection methods on our database and other public databases of anomaly detection. Supplementary materials are available at http://sim.jxufe.cn/JDMKL/ymfang/anomaly‐detection.html.
Experimental investigation of a triple pontoon wave energy converter and breakwater hybrid system
Authors: Peng Wei , Zhang Yingnan , Zou Qingping , Yang Xueer , Liu Yanjun , Zhang Jisheng
Published: May 2021

In this paper, a novel hybrid wave energy converter (WEC)‐floating breakwater system consisting of three floating pontoons with power take‐off (PTO) modules is developed to extract wave energy from heave motion and attenuate waves to protect the coast. Unlike previous studies of this subject, the present three pontoons are in close proximity so that they may share the same foundation to reduce the cost further and both pontoons with step change drafts and same drafts are investigated. A systematic experimental study was carried out in a wave flume to examine the hydrodynamic characteristics of the hybrid system under regular waves. The experimental results are used to assess the influences of the WEC‐breakwater integration and the configuration of pontoons on the hydrodynamic performance of the hybrid system as a WEC and a breakwater. It was found that the integration of multiple energy‐extracting pontoons is robust in smoothing out the power output fluctuations, and the floating pontoons with same drafts gave arise to higher energy conversion efficiency while the floating pontoons with step change drafts are more effective in attenuating wave energy. A parametric analysis is able to identify the balanced performance of the system as a WEC and a breakwater.
Harmonic electron-cyclotron maser emissions driven by energetic electrons of the horseshoe distribution with application to solar radio spikes
Authors: Ning Hao , Chen Yao , Ni Sulan , Li Chuanyang , Zhang Zilong , Kong Xiangliang , Yousefzadeh Mehdi
Published: May 2021

Context. Electron-cyclotron maser emission (ECME) is the favored mechanism for solar radio spikes and has been investigated extensively since the 1980s. Most studies relevant to solar spikes employ a loss-cone-type distribution of energetic electrons, generating waves mainly in the fundamental X/O mode (X1/O1), with a ratio of plasma oscillation frequency to electron gyrofrequency (ωpe/Ωce) lower than 1. Despite the great progress made in this theory, one major problem is how the fundamental emissions pass through the second-harmonic absorption layer in the corona and escape. This is generally known as the escaping difficulty of the theory.

Aims. We study the harmonic emissions generated by ECME driven by energetic electrons with the horseshoe distribution to solve the escaping difficulty of ECME for solar spikes.

Methods. We performed a fully kinetic electromagnetic particle-in-cell simulation with ωpe/Ωce = 0.1, corresponding to the strongly magnetized plasma conditions in the flare region, with energetic electrons characterized by the horseshoe distribution. We also varied the density ratio of energetic electrons to total electrons (ne/n0) in the simulation. To analyze the simulation result, we performed a fast Fourier transform analysis on the fields data.

Results. We obtain efficient amplification of waves in Z and X2 modes, with a relatively weak growth of O1 and X3. With a higher-density ratio, the X2 emission becomes more intense, and the rate of energy conversion from energetic electrons into X2 modes can reach ∼0.06% and 0.17%, with ne/n0 = 5% and 10%, respectively.

Conclusions. We find that the horseshoe-driven ECME can lead to an efficient excitation of X2 and X3 with a low value of ωpe/Ωce, providing novel means for resolving the escaping difficulty of ECME when applied to solar radio spikes. The simultaneous growth of X2 and X3 can be used to explain some harmonic structures observed in solar spikes.
Safety and efficacy of biodegradable stents in octogenarian patients with esophageal achalasia
Authors: Hernandez-Mondragon Oscar , Contreras Luis Garcia , Pineda Omar Michel , Blanco-Velasco Geraro , Murcio-Pérez Enrique
Published: May 2021

Backgrounds and study aims Treatment of octogenarian patients with achalasia with conventional treatments is effective but with compromised safety. Biodegradable stents (BS) are promising. We aimed to evaluate their safety, efficacy and clinical outcomes at early, mid and long-term in this population.

Patients and methods Naïve or previously-treated achalasic octogenarian patients underwent to BS placement (BSP) between December, 2010 and November, 2011, and were followed-up for 9-years. A strict follow-up was performed.

Results Thirty-two patients were included, (17 men [53.1 %]; median age 82 years [78–92]). BSP was performed in all patients. At 9y, 18/32 (56.2 %) completed protocol. Mean BSP time was 37.5±12.1 min and 34.4 % presented thoracic pain. At 1 m, six BS were migrated (18.7 %), requiring a second BSP fixed with hemoclips. At 3 m, twenty-three (72.8 %) completed degradation process. At 6 m, eighteen (56.2 %) presented clinical dysphagia, of whom 5/32 (15.6 %) presented stenotic-tissue hyperplasia, responding to balloon dilation in all cases. Pre-BSP Eckardt, Timed barium esophagram and integrated relaxation pressure improved post-BSP 6 m values (9 vs 2, p = 0.001; < 50 % = 93.8 % vs > 80 % = 81.5 %, p = 0.003 and 18.8 ± 3.2 vs 11.1 ± 2.6 mmHg, p = 0.001, respectively), and there were no significant changes up to 9y post-BSP. Esophagitis grade A or B was presented between 4.7 % to 11.2 % and controlled with PPI. After 9 years we had clinical success rates of 94.4 %, 72 %, and 65.4 % for time point evaluation, per protocol and intention to treat analysis, respectively.

Conclusions BSP represents a feasible alternative option in octogenarian patients with achalasia who are high risk with other treatments, presenting acceptable early, mid-, and long-term outcomes.
Aspiration Formation and Ecological Shocks in Rural Kenya
Authors: Tabe-Ojong Martin Paul , Heckelei Thomas , Baylis Kathy
Published: May 2021

Aspirations have been shown to affect households’ decisions around productive investments, but little work explores how aspirations are formed or eroded, especially in the face of ecological threats. While ecological threats may erode social and economic capital, there is no consensus on their effect on internal factors such as aspirations. We use the spread of three invasive species as our measure of ecological stressors and shocks. While all three reduce productivity, two of these invasives are slow-moving, and one fast: Parthenium, Prosopis, and Fall Armyworm (FAW), respectively. We ask how exposure to these stressors and shocks affect aspirations about income, assets, livestock, social status, and education as well as an aspirations index. Employing primary data on 530 smallholder households in northern Kenya, we find that ecological stressors, specifically, Prosopis, are correlated with lower aspirations. The effect of ecological stressors on wealth is the mechanism through which this happens. Our findings offer suggestive evidence of the concept of the ‘capacity to aspire’ which hinges on one’s material endowment and relates to the future-oriented logic of development.
Understanding the Aspirations of Farming Communities in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Nandi Ravi , Nedumaran Swamikannu
Published: May 2021

This study surveys the panorama of research on the importance of aspirations of farming communities, identifies research gaps and prospects for future research. The analysis of 22 studies identified from 419 research articles sheds light on the relationships between aspirations, agriculture, women’s empowerment, poverty, and rural youth. Aspirations of the rural poor play a significant role in shaping their activities and investments. Furthermore, the poor and those who are exposed to natural disasters are more likely suffering from aspiration failure and their resilience needs to be built. Specifically, women’s empowerment could be supported through raising aspirations. In addition, intergenerational aspirations and corresponding investment plans in agriculture are in absolute contrast and parental desires and their children’s aspirations do not align. Overall, development program-specific research is needed to determine policies and programs that successfully and cost-effectively raise the rural poor's aspirations and thereby improve livelihoods in developing countries.
Populism as a ‘corrective’ to trade agreements? ‘America First’ and the readjustment of NAFTA
Authors: Csehi Robert , Heldt Eugenia C.
Published: May 2021

The past few years have seen an upsurge in populist politics around the globe. Yet, its potential impact on the liberal international order has been analyzed mainly from a discursive perspective, and much less is known about actual policy implications. Adopting an ideational approach to populism and taking the case of the NAFTA renegotiation process as a building block in the liberal economic order, this article studies the populist imprints of the revised agreement. First, we demonstrate how the populist division of society between ‘the corrupt elite’ and ‘the honest people’ and the emphasis on popular sovereignty were used as narrative frames in criticizing NAFTA. In a second step, through selected provisions, we show how alterations to NAFTA are considered as ‘populist corrections’ to guarantee greater representation for ‘the people’ and better safeguards for popular sovereignty under the USMCA. The article concludes with a discussion of potential implications for global trade.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on South Australia’s emergency departments: evidence from two lockdowns
Authors: Boyle Laura M. , Mackay Mark , Bean Nigel , Roughan Matthew
Published: May 2021

Objective This study assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency departments (EDs) in South Australia, measured by changes in the number and casemix of patients in the system over time. Methods Data from the South Australia Emergency Department Dashboard, updated every 30 min, were analysed for the period 4 October–21 December 2020. The Dashboard reports live counts of the number and type of patients in each of the six adult metropolitan public EDs in Adelaide, South Australia. Results There was a significant difference in the mean daily average occupied ED capacity before and during two distinct increases in COVID-19 cases in South Australia. An increase in COVID-19 cases coincided with a decrease in patients in EDs (Pearson’s r = –0.93 and –0.67; P < 0.001 for both). Presentations in Australasian Triage Scale (ATS) Categories 2–5 decreased during these periods, whereas ATS Category 1 stayed constant. Mental health patients continued to present to the ED, despite the overall drop in ED presentations. Conclusions During the two periods of COVID-19 case growth in South Australia, there was a significant drop in the number of patients presenting to the major public EDs and a change in the casemix of patients over time. What is known about the topic? EDs in Australia often operate at or over capacity, with frequent reports of ambulance ramping, access block and long waiting times. There have been reports internationally of significant declines in ED presentations throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. What does this paper add? This paper uses a novel publicly available data source that is available in real time to contribute a new perspective from South Australia, which has experienced two distinct periods of strict restrictions and lockdown. The research showed that the number of mental health presentations remained consistently high, despite a significant overall decline in ED occupancy. What are the implications for practitioners? This study demonstrates that South Australians are accessing emergency medical treatment differently in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. In the context of an overall decline in presentation numbers, the number of mental health-related presentations has not changed significantly, suggesting that this trend should be closely monitored. The findings corroborate the national concern that unwell people have avoided accessing emergency medical care during the pandemic, leading to worse outcomes and increased need for healthcare resources at a later date. It will be important to monitor and quickly detect further changes in ED usage using real-time data as the pandemic evolves, as well as in any future significant health crises.
Effect of dietary protein level on egg production and egg-quality characteristics of Japanese quail (
Authors: Jesuyon O. M. A. , Aganga A. A. , Orunmuyi M. , Falade G. T.
Published: May 2021

Context Quail production is increasingly emerging as a low-capital, cheap, alternative source for supplementing protein intake among peoples in tropical countries such as Nigeria. Aims To increase animal protein sources, promote their availability to rural people, and reduce the unit cost of protein to the people, the effect of dietary crude protein on feed consumption, egg productivity and egg-quality characteristics of quail in the high-altitude Ekiti area of Nigeria was evaluated. Methods In total, 142 mature Japanese quails, divided into four groups with four replicates per group, were fed with four diets differing in dietary protein concentration with a near-isocaloric maize–groundnut cake–soybean meal-based diets for 10 weeks. Three experimental diets (18%, 22% and 24% crude protein (CP)) were tested and compared with a control 20% CP diet, in a completely randomised design of four replicates per treatment. Each consisted of 10 quails/cage at 5 weeks of age. Parameters measured on each quail included feed intake, egg number and egg-quality characteristics. Data were subjected to general linear model, regression and Duncan multiple-range procedures for means separation by SAS®v9.4 (2013). Key results Increasing dietary protein from 18% to 24% in the diet of experimental quails decreased daily feed intake, hen-day egg production (HDP) and average egg mass (AEM; P < 0.05) during egg lay, whereas egg weight and diameter, egg shell weight, albumen weight, height and percentage, and yolk height increased significantly (P < 0.05). The 18% CP diet produced the highest HDP and AEM responses (P < 0.05). The 20% CP diet produced the highest numerical shell and yolk percentages (P > 0.05). Birds on 22% CP diet consumed the lowest quantity of feed (daily feed intake, P < 0.05) and had the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR, P > 0.05). Birds on 24% CP diet produced the highest egg weight and diameter, egg shell weight, albumen weight, height and percentage, and yolk height (P < 0.05). Haugh unit values were high and uninfluenced by an increasing dietary protein concentration (P > 0.05). The high and above-threshold environmental temperature–humidity index value of the test station resulted in heat stress during egg production, and was considered major cause of the generally low productivity and low egg-trait values obtained. Conclusions The 18% CP diet produced the highest HDP and AEM, while the 22% CP diet was the most efficiently utilised diet, and 24% CP diet stimulated higher egg-weight and egg-quality traits. Implications Massive quail egg production could be sustained among rural people with the 18% CP diet, with adequate energy level, and without adverse effects on egg quality.
Autoinhibition of Cnn binding to γ-TuRCs prevents ectopic microtubule nucleation and cell division defects
Authors: Tovey Corinne A. , Tsuji Chisato , Egerton Alice , Bernard Fred , Guichet Antoine , de la Roche Marc , Conduit Paul T.
Published: May 2021

γ-Tubulin ring complexes (γ-TuRCs) nucleate microtubules. They are recruited to centrosomes in dividing cells via binding to N-terminal CM1 domains within γ-TuRC–tethering proteins, including Drosophila Centrosomin (Cnn). Binding promotes microtubule nucleation and is restricted to centrosomes in dividing cells, but the mechanism regulating binding remains unknown. Here, we identify an extreme N-terminal CM1 autoinhibition (CAI) domain found specifically within the centrosomal isoform of Cnn (Cnn-C) that inhibits γ-TuRC binding. Robust binding occurs after removal of the CAI domain or with the addition of phosphomimetic mutations, suggesting that phosphorylation helps relieve inhibition. We show that regulation of Cnn binding to γ-TuRCs is isoform specific and that misregulation of binding can result in ectopic cytosolic microtubules and major defects during cell division. We also find that human CDK5RAP2 is autoinhibited from binding γ-TuRCs, suggesting conservation across species. Overall, our results shed light on how and why CM1 domain binding to γ-TuRCs is regulated.
Analytical Modeling and Performance Analysis of Surface Potential for Junctionless MOSFET
Authors: Kumar Prashant , Vashishath Munish , Gupta Neeraj
Published: May 2021

The advancement in semiconductor technology requires small devices with low power consumption. This paper presents an analytical modeling of surface potential for junctionless MOSFET. Parabolic approximation is utilized to find out the surface potential. The effect of device parameter variation on surface potential and electric field has been studied. The variation in gate work function has been investigated for surface potential. Moreover, the consequence of variations in device parameters like drain bias, gate length ratio, radius of silicon pillar and doping concentration are also inspected. It is found that present device shows an excellent behaviour for future VLSI chips. The analytical results are matched with the TCAD results which validates the model.
Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC): A Survey
Authors: Bansal Malti , Harsh
Published: May 2021

Today’s modern machines are designed to process real time problems and to do so designers try to make them more performance efficient but while doing this, the complexity of design also increases. So, to maintain a balance between both we have to manage this complexity. Now, a question arises how can we do this? The answer resides in our own life. For instance, when we have a complex task to do, we often break it down into simpler sub-tasks and then work upon them individually. How well we are able to do this depends upon the efficiency of our brain. Same analogy we can apply to design processor architecture. To further improve the efficiency, RISC methodology can be proven to be a prominent choice. The RISC is a design methodology which plays an important part in modern embedded systems. From our day-to-day applications like mobile phones to some of the world’s fastest supercomputers like FUGAKU, all are based on RISC architecture. With the advancements in the scaling field and reduction in the price of the ICs, the market starts filling with the RISC based processor. This paper is focused on providing a basic idea about RISC Architecture based processor design and laying out a path that one can follow to design their own RISC processor. Also, Power outages in ICs are the major problem in the VLSI industry so various techniques and methods are also discussed that can be used for optimizing power and improving speed. Some of the major applications are also discussed which provide an idea about the extent of applications, RISC based architecture can be designed.
Crop price prediction using supervised machine learning algorithms
Authors: Dhanapal Ranjani , AjanRaj A , Balavinayagapragathish S , Balaji J
Published: May 2021

Our target is focused largely on agriculture. In agriculture, farmers play the most important role. When the price falls after the harvest, farmers face immense losses. A country’s GDP is affected by the price fluctuations of agricultural products. Crop price estimation and evaluation are done to take an intelligent decision before farming a specific type of crop. Predicting the price of a crop will help in taking better decisions which results in minimizing the loss and managing the risk of price fluctuations. In this paper, we predicted the price of different crops by analyzing the previous rainfall and WPI data. We used the decision tree regressor (Supervised machine learning algorithm) to analyze the previous data and predict the price for the latest data and estimate the price for the twelve months to come.
MEMS Multi Sensor Intelligent Damage Detection for Wind Turbines by Using IOT
Authors: Majidha Fathima K M , Raj R Sharan , Rahul Prasad K , Guru Balan S
Published: May 2021

Maintenance and monitoring of wind turbines have become a promising challenge for large dimension turbines. Even a small damage can result in integrity of the system. This paper gives a solution using nondestructive SHM technique to recognize the damages of turbine along with the difference in the properties before and after damage. The information obtained from the sensor helps in robust reading of condition of the blades and produces alarm sound at the stage of severe damage.
Object detection YOLO-v4 based smart car system with an integrated Virtual Assistant
Authors: Vignesh B R , Sandhip Kumar D , Gokul V , Priya R
Published: May 2021

Car accidents are a serious social problem that often results in both life loss and financial loss. Most car accidents are caused by a lack of safe distance between cars and also the awareness of the driver. To relieve this issue, in this paper we propose a real-time object detection and safety system. The proposed system consists of two units: a real-time object detection unit and a safety alarm unit. The system is supposed to apply in a normal driving scenario. As for the safety alarm module, it consists of three states: to detect the object; to calculate the safety factor; to determine the driving conditions. To justify the proposed system, a real experiment is conducted. The results show that the system can appropriately signify driving states: safe, dangerous, and warning. By the given experimental results, it implies that the system is feasible and applicable in real-time applications. The objective of this project is to detect objects in real-time and pass information to the user based on the data taken by object detection. The information can be provided to warn the user or to just inform the user based on the result of the sensors. The YOLO algorithm helps to design the output of the sensor based on the necessity of the user. The google assistant allows the user to provide voice commands. The car is integrated with all the above-mentioned.
Air Quality Monitoring System with Emergency Alerts Using IOT
Authors: Suganya R , Guhan R , Gowreesan N C , Mubariz
Published: May 2021

The level of air in a particular region has a very strong effect on the human condition in a section because of the level that will affect the health of living organisms. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically measure air quality conditions in the area. during this study period an IoT-based air quality monitoring system was developed to address air quality conditions in the area. The system can monitor the sensitivity sensors to determine the quantity of many small particles within the air and O3, SO2, CO and objects. Studying device information exploits including Arduino microcontroller is being studied. The data is then transmitted directly to the cloud system using a wireless LAN module in Arduino for access to the cloud service. View results are displayed directly on a web page or application provided by the cloud service.
Frequent Pattern Mining Using Db-Scan Algorithm.
Authors: Margret M Kavitha , Ponni A , Priyanka A
Published: May 2021

Continuous item set mining is a generally exploratory procedure that centers on finding intermittent relationships among information. The unflinching advancement of business sectors and business conditions prompts the need of information mining calculations to find huge relationship changes to responsively suit item and administration arrangement to client needs. Change mining, with regards to visit item sets, centers around recognizing and revealing critical changes in the arrangement of mined item sets starting with one time span then onto the next. The revelation of continuous summed up item sets, i.e., item sets that regularly happen in the source information, and give an undeniable level reflection of the mined information, gives new difficulties in the investigation of item sets that become uncommon, and accordingly are not, at this point removed, from a specific point. This task proposes a novel sort of powerful example, to be specific the A DB-Scan Dynamic Sequential Combinatorial Analysis (DSCA-SCANNING), that addresses the development of an item set in continuous time-frames, by revealing the data about its successive speculations described by insignificant excess (i.e., least degree of reflection) on the off chance that it gets rare in a specific time-frame. To address DSCA mining, it proposes DSCA, a calculation that centers around evading item set mining followed by post handling by abusing a help driven item set speculation approach. To concentrate on the insignificantly repetitive incessant speculations and hence decrease the measure of the created designs, the revelation of a savvy subset, specifically the, is tended to also in this work.
Analysis of Power Allocation for Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access
Authors: Seetharaman R , Rahul D , Lakshmanan H Mani , Anandan K , Gayathri S
Published: May 2021

Most multiple access schemes provide orthogonal access to the users in time, frequency, code and space, this is not true for NOMA, where each user operates in the same band and at the same time where they are distinguished by their power levels. It uses superposition coding at the transmitter such that the successive interference cancellation (SIC) receiver can separate the users both in the uplink and in the downlink channels. The users in (NOMA) are classified based on power, while in Orthogonal Multiple Access (OMA) it is classified based on time, frequency, and code. The NOMA system contains a power-delay tradeoff and hence power efficiency becomes critical for Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC), especially where a huge number of devices are battery-powered. Combining these considerations, we simulate Dynamic Power Allocation (DPA) for power domain non-orthogonal multiple access (PD-NOMA) with user mobility. For small and clumsy battery-powered IoT devices, power efficiency becomes critical. Further, flexibility is also important to communicate with diverse machine-type devices as well as human users while meeting a variety of quality of service (QoS) requirements. The performance of the DPA is compared with Static Power Allocation under user mobility.
Assistant for the guest with visually impaired using Deep Learning
Authors: Priya A , Shalini M , Suganti T , Swetha M
Published: May 2021

The lack of Braille resources in this advanced world has tied the hands of visually impaired people from soaring up. This paper takes those guests into concern and presents a solution that helps every individual especially the blinds in reading books and text from real time images. This solution converts the text obtained from text document and real world entities to aural output which lends a hand in reading text. The main idea is to build a software using a novel methodology where OCR engine receives input images and get converted into intermediate textual output that is given to Google Trans to get the audio output via earphones.
Classification of Malignant Melanoma using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Vijeya Kaveri V , Meenakshi V , Saran Karthik K A , Shri Raam S
Published: May 2021

Human cancer is one of the world’s most deadly diseases caused due to genetic disruption of skin cells and several molecular mutations. Skin cancer remains the most predominant form of cancer in human beings. The major goal is to detect skin cancer in early stages by research and analyse it using various techniques such as segmentation and feature extraction. The diagnosis of malignant melanoma skin cancer is done by dermatologist by examining skin and physical biopsy to determine the accurate stage of melanoma. It is developed because of high accumulation of melanin in the dermis layer of the skin. ABCD law is used in along with dermoscopy technology to detect malignant melanoma skin cancer. Image Acquisition Technique, pre-processing, segmentation, distinguishing function for skin Feature Selection, which specifies lesion characterization and classification methods are all conducted in this project for melanoma skin lesion characterization. We used symmetry detection, border detection, colour and diameter detection, as well as feature extraction to remove texture based features using a digital image processing technique. The deep Neural Network was proposed here to characterize the benign or malignant stage.
Cost Efficient Automatic Car Parking Facility towards Smart City
Authors: Aswatha R , Deepalakshmi N , Dinesh A , Arun Kumar R , Gokulram R
Published: May 2021

The idea of smart cities has recently gained a lot of traction. Both residents and city authorities keep struggling with traffic control and parking in urban cities. The growing number of cars entering the city depletes the city’s limited parking services, and the increased spending time searching for a parking spot contributes to more traffic, as well as increased fuel usage and emissions. The paper consists of an integrated, cost-effective parking method for smart cities, in which cars are parked and driven to the best location or block for them, and the parking area is completely used with minimal segmentation or empty space. The smart parking system is a relatively new system that creates a platform for booking parking spaces and effectively using those spaces. The sensor system is based on Arduino boards, and the gateway applications are built on Node MCU single-board computers, all of which are connected together using custom software systems and a mobile app for end-users. With the help of a smartphone application, users can reserve a parking spot in advance.
An Automated Machine Learning Approach for Stroke Prediction
Authors: Pooranam N , Dhivya T A , Punitha R , Preethi S
Published: May 2021

A Machine learning-based approach for developing an app capable of recognizing and disseminating healthcare data. Among the world, the major cause of disability is stroke. Brain ischemia subgroup was crucial not only for effective mediation and care, but also for the visualization of injury. An integrated form was used to organize the subcategories of brain ischemia on the global clot trail data in this study. Initially, the Shapiro-Wilk calculation was used to determine the importance of highlights, as well as Pearson relationships between highlights. Early finding of stroke is fundamental for opportune counteraction and treatment. Information was gathered from International Stroke Trial data set and was effectively prepared and tried utilizing Sequential Minimal Optimization. At that point, we utilized Recursive Feature Elimination with Cross-Validation, which conglomerate direct SVC, Random decision Forest Classifier, Extremely-Randomized Trees Classifier, Adobos-Classifier, and Multivariate Event model Classifier as assessor individually, to choose hearty highlights imperative to brain ischemia subgrouping. Moreover, the significance of chose highlights was controlled by Extra Trees-Classifier. At long last, the chose highlights were utilized by Extra-Trees-Classifier.
Tele-Presence Robot for Medical Assistance in Hospitals
Authors: Seethalakshmi V , Varshani V S Kaviyaa , Madhumitha R , Mukunthan L , Kumari B Pooja
Published: May 2021

The visual interactive Tele-presence robot is used to take care of COVID-19 patients remotely in order to avoid the pandemic. This aims to monitor the body temperature, to deliver medicines to the patients as per doctor’s instruction and to disinfect floors and bed in isolation wards without manual intervention. This prototype consists of various parts including raspberry-pi processor, ultrasonic sensor, webcam and tablet. The key idea of this prototype is to perform visual communication through video conferencing with the help tablet computer. The movement of the robot can be controlled by sending commands through computer. As per given command, the robot will move freely in barrier-free environment. However, in the event of a barrier environment, the robot is properly guided by an ultrasonic sensor mounted on the robot. The Raspberry Pi processor is used to keep track of the robotics.