bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of fish oil and ozonated fish oil on the oxidative status of animals during simulation of physical load
Authors: Deryugina A. V. , Yastrebov P. V. , Boyarinov G. A. , Polozova A. V. , Shabalin M. A. , Kiselevich V. E.
Published: October 2024

The objective was to study the effectiveness of fish oil (FO) and ozonated fish oil (OFO) on the intensity of lipid peroxidation (LPO) processes and the antioxidant system of the blood during physical activity «to failure».

Methods and materials. The animals were divided into 4 groups of 12 rats. Saline was administered orally to control animals (group 1). Rats (group 2) were fed fish oil (dose 35 mg/kg), rats of group 3 – ozonated fish oil (dose 35 mg / kg, ozonide number 3000), group 4 – ozonated fish oil (dose 35 mg/kg, ozonide number 1500). Physical activity was modelated the method of forced swimming of rat «to failure» with a load of 10 % of body weight. The state of the LPO system was assessed by the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in erythrocytes and the level of diene conjugates (DC), triene conjugates (TC) and Schiff bases (SH) in the blood plasma. The state of the antioxidant system was determined by the activity of catalase in the blood plasma.

Results. Physical activity had an increase in DC, TC, OR in the blood plasma, an increase in the MDA content in erythrocytes, which was accompanied by a gradual increase in catalase activity in the blood plasma. The administration of FO against the background of physical activity determined less pronounced lipid peroxidation, while the introduction of OFO with an ozonide number of 3000 determined the most pronounced lipid peroxidation compared to the control. The lowest oxidative effect of physical compounds was recorded with the introduction of OFO with an ozonide number of 1500.

Conclusions. Oral administration of OFO with an ozonide number of 1500 during physical exercise of significant intensity inhibited the development of oxidative stress against the background of high antioxidant activity of the blood to a greater extent than the use of FO.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus – diseases with cytokine imbalance
Authors: Sorokina L. N. , Lukina O. V. , Pavlova A. S. , Mineev V. N. , Trofimov V. I.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Cytokine imbalance is a topical issue of researches in the field of comorbid pathology, in particular, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2).

The objective was to establish the characteristics of serum IL-6 levels in patients with a combination of COPD and DM2.

Methods and materials. In the groups of patients with COPD (51 people), DM2 (42 people), COPD with DM2 (39 people), the control group (39 people), IL-6 was determined by enzyme immunoassay (standard test systems) on a StatFax 303Plus spectrophotometer. Computed tomography of the chest was performed on Optima 660 GE and Optima 540 tomographs using an image processing program on the AW SERVER 2.0. IBM SPSS Statistics software was used for statistical processing of the results.

Results. A negative correlation was found between the level of IL-6 and the duration of COPD in patients with COPD in combination with DM2 (r=–0.373, p=0.033). In this group, there was a positive correlation between the level of IL-6 and the dose of dexamethasone (r=0.802, p=0.030). Among COPD patients, IL-6 levels were significantly lower in the subgroups of patients receiving glucocorticosteroid through a nebuliser (p=0.046), as well as patients receiving antibiotics (p=0.004). An algorithm for radiological methods of examination in patients with a combination of COPD and DM2 is proposed.

Conclusion. The study of the features of the pathogenesis of a combination of COPD and DM2 is of practical interest for the individualization of management tactics in patients of this group.
Disclosure of non-financial assets in the accounting statements of universities: Current practice and prospects
Authors: SAKHAPOV Bulat R.
Published: October 2024

Subject. This article examines the current state of disclosure of information on non-financial assets by educational institutions of higher education in Russia in accounting (financial) statements and determines the prospects for its improvement.
Objectives. The article aims to assess the degree of disclosure of information on non-financial assets in the Explanatory Note to the financial statements of universities, analyze the provisions of the Federal Public Finance Accounting Standards (FSBU GF) regarding the disclosure of information, and develop recommendations for improving the presentation of information on non-financial assets in the Explanatory Notes to the statements.
Methods. For the study, I used the methods of observation, comparison, generalization, and interpretation.
Results. Based on the study of the structure and content of the Explanatory Note drawn up in accordance with the Policy and Procedure for Preparing Financial Statements, the article summarizes and systematizes the provisions of the current FSBU GF governing the disclosure of non-financial assets in the financial statements. The article recommends formats for disclosing fixed assets and inventories in the Explanatory Notes to the reporting of higher education institutions presented in tabular form.
Conclusions and Relevance. All approved FSBU GF include relevant sections on information disclosure, but the requirements of the Standards regarding disclosure by higher education institutions are not met. The article concludes that a new approach is needed to the preparation of an Explanatory Note, aimed primarily at external users of reporting for their adoption of appropriate economic decisions. The use of the proposed information disclosure formats can help meet the requirements of federal standards in terms of disclosure of the availability and movement of non-financial assets by group, increase the transparency of information for the purpose of assessing the security of non-financial assets and the efficiency of their use, and for reporting users to make more informed economic decisions.
Risk protection of procurement based on the assessment of the risk tolerance of participants and contract initial price considering the risk capacity of goods, works, services, as a new research area
Authors: VIKULOV Sergei F. , ZUBOVA Lyudmila V.
Published: October 2024

Subject. This article discusses the issues related to the implementation of the State Defense Order in conditions of uncertainty.
Objectives. The article aims to systematize the risks associated with procurements that are carried out as part of the implementation of projects for the development of samples of military equipment.
Methods. For the study, we used a systems analysis.
Results. The article offers a formula for determining the capacity of procurement risks. In particular, the risks associated with the development of a draft design and design documentation for prototypes are taken into account.
Conclusions. Taking into account the development of technologies, it can be noted that the number of risks associated with the activities of procurement participants is steadily increasing, so there is a need to compare the available resources and the probability of the occurrence of favorable and adverse consequences.
Risks in the formation of special economic zones of Russia
Authors: BEKBERGENEVA Dina E. , SEMENOV Aleksandr P.
Published: October 2024

Subject. This article discusses the problems of development of innovative projects as a complex system, which includes various structural elements, namely from administrative to the fiscal ones.
Objectives. The article aims to analyze the opportunities to create special economic zones in the Russian Federation.
Methods. For the study, we used a statistical analysis.
Results. The article finds that creating free economic zones contributes to the development of the Russian economy, still at the same time, the State accepts certain risks as a participant in the national project to create free economic zones.
Conclusions. The international sanctions effect is the main negative factor that bars unique products within special economic zones.
Regional programmes as a tool for the region's economic development: The Primorsky Krai case study
Authors: BOUSH Galina D. , ZHOKHOVA Valentina V.
Published: October 2024

Subject. This article discusses the problem of migration outflow from the Russian Far Eastern Federal District regions.
Objectives. The article aims to assess the involvement of young people aged 18 to 35 in the Far Eastern Hectare Programme implemented in the Primorsky Krai.
Methods. For the study, we used the marketing research methods.
Results. In the period 2016–2024, there is a migration increase in young people aged 20–24 in the Russian Far East, but the total population of the macro-region is characterized by a steady negative trend. The analysis shows that the level of involvement of young people aged 18 to 35 in the implementation of the Far Eastern Hectare Programme in 2023 was low.
Conclusions. Poor awareness of the opportunities and conditions for acquiring a plot of land in the Russian Far East does not contribute to the achievement of the goals of the Far Eastern Hectare Programme and does not contribute to solving the problem of population outflow. It is necessary to develop certain measures to improve the living conditions of citizens who have received the right to purchase a plot of land under the Far Eastern Hectare Programme.
Stürme - Seuchen - Spekulanten - Versorgungsprobleme im antiken Rom und ihre angeblichen Ursachen
Authors: Gartmann Thomas
Published: October 2024

Wie funktionierte die Versorgung des antiken Rom und wie sahen die Rahmenbedingungen dafür in den Bereichen Bevölkerung, Landwirtschaft, Ernährung, Logistik und Institutionen aus? Was waren die Ursachen, wenn die ausgeklügelte Versorgung trotzdem nicht funktionierte? Und wieso war das Wetter unter beliebten Kaisern angeblich schlechter als unter unbeliebten? Eine Untersuchung der antiken Berichte über Ursachen von Versorgungsproblemen in Rom fördert nicht nur Stürme, Seuchen und Spekulanten zu Tage, sondern auch interessante Erkenntnisse über antike Geschichtsschreibung und moderne Wissenslücken, welche weit über Versorgungskrisen hinausgehen.
Some problems of the application of norms establishing liability for fictitious registration and fictitious registration of foreign citizens and stateless persons
Authors: Laikova Elena Aleksandrovna , Rogova Evgeniya Viktorovna
Published: October 2024

Special attention is paid to the issues of application of the norms establishing criminal liability for crimes in the sphere of registration and migration accounting of foreign citizens and stateless persons. The analysis of the norms establishing criminal liability for crimes against the procedure for registration and migration accounting revealed the existence of problems in their application, as well as the fact that they do not fully meet the requirements of the current criminal situation related to fictitious registration of citizens and registration. Special attention is paid to the problems of qualification of several facts of committing a crime as a single ongoing one or as a set of crimes, determination of the subjective side, differentiation of the crimes under consideration from each other, as well as from other related crimes, qualification in combination with other crimes, as well as qualification of actions of other persons assisting in fictitious registration and fictitious registration. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that the criteria for distinguishing the studied crimes from related crimes, qualification in combination with other crimes accompanying them are proposed. Crimes provided for in Art. 3222 and 3223 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation should be distinguished from related crimes by their immediate object, characteristics of the objective side and characteristics of the subject. If the crimes provided for in Articles 3222 and 3223 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are special in relation to other criminal law norms (for example, Articles 285, 286 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), then the unlawful acts are qualified only under a special norm in accordance with the provision set out in Part 3 of Article 17 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. When the crimes in question are committed by officials, state or municipal employees, they can also be qualified in combination with other crimes if there are corresponding characteristics of such crimes, such as, for example, official forgery, petty bribery, etc.
Criminal law regulation of the responsibility for the involvement of minors in the commission of crimes and other anti-social actions: historical aspects
Authors: Rushanyan Diana  Arsenovna
Published: October 2024

The subject of the study is the historical process of development of the criminal law regulation of the institution of responsibility for involving minors in committing crimes and other anti-social actions. The relevant legal acts adopted in the pre-revolutionary, revolutionary and post-revolutionary periods of the development of domestic criminal legislation are used as research materials. The purpose of the work is to study the historical aspects of the criminal law regulation of the institution of responsibility for involving minors in committing crimes and other antisocial actions. The objectives of the study: to substantiate the need and importance of analyzing the historical aspects of criminal law regulation of responsibility for involving minors in committing crimes and other antisocial actions; to analyze legal acts, starting with the Russian Truth and ending with the current Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, in order to identify in their content the norms regulating responsibility for said involvement; to trace the origin formation, development and optimization of the institute in this field. The author uses a universal dialectical method of cognition, as well as a set of general scientific and special scientific methods, such as deduction, systemic, comparative legal, formal legal and historical. The author's special contribution to the research of the topic is the formation of historical and legal periodization, consisting of three periods. It is concluded that during the transition from one historical period to another, the criminal law norms on the involvement of minors in the commission of crimes and other anti-social actions are quantitatively expanded, they receive sufficient development, a certain order in the arrangement and communication with each other, which ultimately leads to the fact that the modern period is characterized by a stage of development and optimization of the institution responsibility for these criminal acts. The scientific novelty of the research topic is to consider the historical aspects of the criminal law regulation of responsibility for involving minors in committing crimes and other anti-social actions through the prism of the institute.
The place and role of a defense lawyer in the process of proof in the investigative type of criminal proceedings
Authors: Charikov Aleksandr Viktorovich
Published: October 2024

The subject of the study is the participation of a defense lawyer in the proof process. There have been disputes for a long time regarding the reform of the existing procedure of criminal proceedings, in which a defense lawyer, according to Article 86 of the CPC of the Russian Federation, has the right to collect evidence. However, in practice, these provisions of the law face resistance from the law enforcement officer, which is caused, as the author believes, by the historical type of domestic criminal proceedings, in which objective truth and the predominance of public interest over private interests occupy key positions. Special attention is paid to the historical stages of the formation of Russian criminal proceedings, which, starting with the Statute of Criminal Proceedings, has fixed the investigator as a key figure of proof, while the court only checks the evidence collected by him "for strength". The domestic criminal process has developed as a search-type production, where three functions – prosecution, defense and resolution of the case are combined by one person – the investigator. The author concludes that in such a system of criminal proceedings, a lawyer cannot collect evidence, but his activities in the process of proving must be streamlined. In this regard, it is proposed to amend the current legislation defining the status and types of materials used in proving. Part 3 of Article 86 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation should be abolished. It is proposed to formulate Article 86.1 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation "The use of materials of advocacy in proving", which provides for the possibility of a lawyer to collect information by: requesting information from organizations upon request, interviewing a person with his consent, involving a specialist. In addition, it is necessary to indicate in the CPC of the Russian Federation that all materials collected by the lawyer act in the evidence system as "other documents", in connection with which the expert's conclusion is subject to exclusion from clause 3.1 of Part 2 of Article 74 of the CPC of the Russian Federation.
Abortion as a way of violating a woman's reproductive right: a criminal-legal view of the problem
Authors: Burtseva Viktoriya Vasil'evna
Published: October 2024

Through the prism of criminal law views, the article raises issues of the concept of a woman's reproductive right and the need to recognize artificial termination of pregnancy (abortion) as a way to realize the said right of a woman, on the one hand, and a way to violate it, on the other. The object of the study is the social relations arising in relation to a woman's reproductive right and its criminal law protection. The subject of the study is the Russian modern criminal legislation, as well as scientific works reflecting the problems raised in the research. The methodological basis is the universal dialectical method of cognition. Along with it, general scientific and private scientific methods were used: dogmatic, hermeneutical, formal-logical, systemic, structural-functional, formal-legal, legal modeling, etc. The results of the study: the analysis showed that the Basic Law of the country, health care and administrative-tort legislation recognize a woman's reproductive right and positively address the issue of its protection. However, the current Russian criminal law lacks a system of norms that would effectively protect a woman's reproductive right. The lack of a systematic approach in the legal field has a negative impact on the unhindered realization of the most important right of a woman. Therefore, additional guarantees of such implementation are needed, criminal law protection can fill in the missing link of the system of Russian law in the analyzed area. The conclusion made as a result of the study: currently, there is an urgent need for legislative consolidation of special norms in which it is necessary to provide for criminal liability for various encroachments on a woman's reproductive right.
Analysis of modern intelligent methods for protecting critical information infrastructure
Authors: Nikitin Petr Vladimirovich , Gorokhova Rimma Ivanovna
Published: October 2024

Critical information infrastructure (CII), including the financial sector, plays a key role in ensuring the sustainable functioning of economic systems and the financial stability of States. However, the growing digitalization of the financial industry and the introduction of innovative technologies are opening up new attack vectors for attackers. Modern cyber attacks are becoming more sophisticated, and traditional defenses are proving ineffective against new, previously unknown threats. There is an urgent need for more flexible and intelligent cybersecurity systems. Thus, the subject of the study is modern intelligent methods and technologies for protecting critical information infrastructure (CII) from cyber attacks. The object of the research is methods and means of ensuring the protection of critical information infrastructure using artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies. The methodological basis of this study is a comprehensive analysis of the scientific literature on the use of intelligent methods and technologies to protect critical information infrastructure. During the review and critical analysis of relevant scientific publications, key problems and unresolved tasks requiring further scientific research and practical developments in this subject area were identified. This methodological approach allowed us to form a holistic view of the current state and prospects for the development of intelligent cybersecurity tools for critical financial systems, as well as to identify priority areas for further research. The main directions of scientific novelty of this research are: 1. A detailed review of promising approaches based on artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies to ensure effective protection of CII organizations from modern complex cyber attacks. 2. Identification and analysis of a number of key scientific and technical problems that need to be solved to increase reliability, interpretability and trust in intelligent cybersecurity systems, including issues of robustness to attacks, active online learning, federated and differential private data processing. 3. Identification of promising areas for further research and development in the field of application of specialized methods of secure and trusted AI to protect critical financial infrastructure. Thus, this research makes a significant contribution to the development of scientific and methodological apparatus and practical solutions for the use of intelligent methods to ensure cybersecurity.
On the possibility of public control over on-site tax audits in the Russian Federation: towards the formulation of the problem
Authors: Malinovskii Oleg Nikolaevich , Goncharov Vitalii Viktorovich , Petrenko Elena Gennad'evna
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the possibility of public control over on-site tax audits. The activities of the tax authorities in Russia directly affect the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of all individuals and legal entities. The problems of organizing and implementing public control measures in relation to the specified activities of federal executive authorities are of great interest and importance, especially in terms of on-site tax audits, during which representatives of the Federal Tax Service carry out within the premises of taxpayer various actions in order to monitor compliance a taxpayer with the legislation on taxes and fees. However, public control over this type of activity of federal executive authorities is fraught with numerous problems, among which one can highlight, for example: the lack of consolidation of this institution of civil society in the Constitution of the country; the lack of detail in the process of public control in the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, including in relation to on-site tax audits; the specifics of the formation of public councils under the Federal Tax Service of Russia and its territorial divisions, in which we question the independence of their members from these authorities. In addition, these problems include: the lack of elaboration of legislation, as well as educational and scientific literature of a system of specific forms, methods, principles and types of public control measures in relation to on-site tax audits; weak use of foreign experience of civil society control in relation to tax authorities, including using modern digital technology. The article develops and substantiates a system of measures to resolve these problems, including by: incorporating this institution into the country's Constitution and tax legislation; developing and implementing specific forms, methods, principles and types of public control measures in relation to on-site tax audits based on positive foreign experience in this area and using modern technologies.
The results of an expert survey of subjects of social image construction in the Orenburg region
Authors: Kalieva Ol'ga Mihailovna , Drobysheva Maria Yurievna , Gulenina Svetlana Valentinovna
Published: October 2024

The object of the study is the established image of a specific region of the Russian Federation according to the main characteristics of the competitive identity model. The subject of the study is the mechanism of forming an analytical cross-section of the opinions of the expert community in the process of social construction of the image of the region. The purpose of the study is to use the method of expert survey to study the current image of the Orenburg region in the process of social construction. The objectives are to study approaches to understanding the definitions of "image of the region" and "image of the region", as well as to identify the mechanism of social construction of the image of the region, including the processes of habitalization, typification, institutionalization and legitimization. The main research method is an expert survey conducted as part of the situational analysis stage of the process of social construction of the image of the region. The novelty of the research lies in the development of a scenario for an expert survey of subjects of the process of social construction of the image of the region based on the model of S. Anholt's competitive identity. The author's main contribution is to summarize the results of an analytical cross-section of the existing image of the Orenburg region in six components. The Orenburg region has a disparate image associated not only with its stereotypical perception, but also with historical, geographical and natural features. It is proved that in order to effectively construct the image of the region, a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach is needed, in which the emphasis should be shifted towards the sociological study of the attitude of the population, formal and informal subjects of management of the purposefully formed image of the region.
The Main Directions of Agricultural Development of Khakassia in the 1920s – early 1940s.
Authors: Shadrin Aleksei Vladimirovich
Published: October 2024

The author analyzes the main directions of development of agriculture in Khakassia in the 1920s – early 1940s on the basis of archival documents and literature. In particular, attention is paid to the dynamics of development and structural changes in the agricultural sector of the region's economy, which during this period were contradictory. There were positive trends: during this period, there was an increase in the average annual gross output of agricultural production, its material and technical base improved, crop production received a new round of development. But on the other hand, there were some negative aspects: the reduction of livestock due to an ill-conceived economic policy aimed at collectivization, the lack of electrification in agriculture, low grain yields during the first five-year plan. The study of the main directions of the development of agriculture in the country as a whole and Khakassia in particular in the 1920s – early 1940s through the analysis of quantitative and qualitative indicators contributes to the disclosure of controversial problems in domestic and regional history, namely cooperation, collectivization, state farm construction. This will allow us to summarize the historical experience of those years (positive and negative), which can help in overcoming difficulties in Russian agriculture through appropriate conclusions. The relevance of the study of this topic is also due to changes in the theoretical and methodological base in Russian historical science. Currently, this topic can be considered from the standpoint of modernization theory in addition to previous studies, in particular based on the formational approach. Also, the relevance of this topic can be explained by a large number of unpublished historical sources that have not been introduced into scientific circulation.
The formation of the cinematography of Khakassia from 1930 to 1953.
Authors: Tuguzhekova Valentina Nikolaevna , Alehin Fedor Vital'evich
Published: October 2024

The subject of the study is the development of cinematography in the Khakass Autonomous Region in the period from 1931 to 1953. With the main focus on the material and technical condition of the processes of cinematography. Special attention is paid to film installations and their actual operation, the number of sessions. The analysis of plans and the actual result is carried out. The main problems of the cinematography development in both urban and rural areas are identified. The main source of the research is the archival fund of the State Institution of the Republic of Kazakhstan "National Archive" R-336 "Khakass Regional Directorate of Cinematography" containing plans, reports, personnel data. Newspaper clippings and monographs on related topics were also used. The research is based on the principles of historicism and scientific objectivity and is based on the problem-chronological principle. When analyzing historical sources in this work, the main methods can be called: analytical, comparative, statistical. Within the framework of this study, the course of cinematography in the Khakass Autonomous Region in the period from 1931 to 1953 is considered, namely: material and technical condition, repertoire. The main indicators of the pre-war period, the period of the Great Patriotic War and the post-war period are revealed. The study focuses not only on the actual state of the film-making process in certain years, but also on the main difficulties. The problems of transport and fuel, personnel, accessibility and filling of the film fund, the number of film installations and their maintenance, the construction of cinemas, inflated plans are considered. It should be noted that the researchers studied the problems of Khakass cinema only within the framework of studying more extensive topics. Combining knowledge from disparate sources on this issue will be conducted for the first time.
The policy of Edward IV in the light of English parliamentary legislation
Authors: Portnov Aleksandr Aleksandrovich
Published: October 2024

The subject of the study is the policy of the first English king from the York dynasty, Edward IV, primarily economic. The problem of its nature is posed in connection with the discussion on the exact definition of the time of England's transition from feudalism to capitalism and from a class-representative monarchy to an absolute one. Special attention is paid to the goals and activities of the administration of Edward IV in organizing the economic life of the kingdom, the influence of foreign policy on key decisions in the domestic sphere, as well as the results of measures taken in the second half of the XV century to overcome the consequences of the Wars of the Roses (1455–1585). The research is based on the materials of the English parliamentary legislation, as the most impartial source of knowledge about the policy of the royal power. The research is based on the principles of historicism and scientific objectivity and is based on the problem-chronological principle. Analytical, comparative historical and dialectical methods are used in the analysis of historical sources. The main conclusions of this study are that the economic situation of England in the 1460s was not critical, but in the face of defeat in the Hundred Years' War and the dynastic conflict, the government of Edward IV decided to carry out economic reforms aimed at raising the welfare of English producers, merchants and the king himself. Edward IV's economic policy was protectionist in nature and was conditioned, among other things, by a foreign policy factor. All this, coupled with his social transformations, the decrease in the role of parliament and the increase in the powers of the king, which was continued in the absolutism of the Tudors, characterizes him as a monarch of the transition period from the Middle Ages to Modern times, in the economy, in particular, expressed in the transition from feudalism to capitalism.
Linguistic and cultural specifics of the sports media narrative (based on the example of sports commentaries in Canada and Russia)
Authors: Pak Leonid Evgen'evich
Published: October 2024

This study is devoted to the comparative study of the specifics of the sports media narrative. The aim of the study is to compare the sports media narrative in the linguistic and cultural paradigm (based on the material of sports commentaries from Canada and Russia). The object of the study is the sports media narrative in the Canadian and Russian linguistic cultures. The subject of the study is the linguistic and cultural aspect of the sports media narrative of Russia and Canada. The relevance of this article lies in the fact that events in the field of sports reflect the problems of globalization and forecasting the future, which determines the importance of both a comprehensive and aspect-based study of communication in this field and, in particular, the sports media narrative. In addition, comparative studies that identify the linguistic and cultural features of the modern media text, its expressive capabilities as a means of organizing narration, correspond to the methodology of modern language science. The main methods used in this work are comparative discourse analysis and the linguistic narrative method. In addition, quantitative data processing methods were used. The novelty of this work is due to the fact that for the first time a comparative analysis of the sports media narrative in English and Russian (based on the material of sports commentary) is carried out. Conclusions: oral texts produced within the framework of both discourses are characterized by internal dynamics, polycode (the commentator's speech is accompanied by a video sequence) and are arranged in accordance with the canonical narrative sequence. When describing the image of an event, commentators, speakers of different linguistic cultures, use an extra-egitic strategy (an omniscient observer-narrator), sometimes using an introdiegetic strategy (the desire to indirectly become a participant in the narrated events). Linguistic and cultural differences are most clearly seen at the level of speech types. Russian commentators are characterized by the use of informative narration, while Canadian commentators use descriptive narration. The second most significant type of speech in the Russian media discourse is reasoning. For Canadian commentators, the description is more typical. The Russian sports media narrative follows a dramatic (plot) way of showing events, while the Canadian one follows a chronotopic one, i.e. it is determined by reference to time and place. The revealed differences may indicate that when narrating an event, commentators create a "second reality" based on their axiological attitudes due to cultural differences between the two countries.
Lexical peculiarities of the description of natural objects of Moscow and Moscow suburbs (based on the articles of N.M. Karamzin in the journal "Vestnik Evropy" in 1802-1803).
Authors: Li Wenwen
Published: October 2024

The object of the study is the lexicon used in the descriptions of natural objects in the articles published by N. M. Karamzin in the journal "Vestnik Europa" in 1802-1803. During this period, the Russian language was at a turning point in its development, the journal "Vestnik Europa" was one of the most influential in Russia at that time, and N. M. Karamzin's works as the editor not only expanded the knowledge of nature and culture for the people of Moscow, but also showed his unique understanding and ways of its linguistic expression. This study examines three types of natural objects: water, land surface relief elements and areas of vegetation. The aim of the study is to establish the lexical features of the description of natural objects of Moscow and Moscow suburbs in these articles. This study combines descriptive and historical-comparative methods of linguistic analysis of N. M. Karamzin's articles. As a result of this research it was established that N. M. Karamzin describes natural objects in such a way as to inform the reader about the natural characteristics of the objects (size, length, colour, height, etc.), the changes occurring with them (appearance, disappearance, etc.), the influence of human activity on them and their role in human life. In addition, the vocabulary used by N. M. Karamzin is analysed, including common nouns and proper nouns, adjectives and descriptive constructions, and the traditionality of the lexicon for naming natural objects is established, and the peculiarities of paragraphemics are determined. The results of the study are relevant for linguistics and literary studies and open new perspectives for understanding the perception and attitude to natural objects in the Russian society of the early XIX century.
Notes «umen'shitel'noe» ‘diminutive’ and «uvelichitel'noe» ‘augmentative’ in «Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language» by N. Yu. Shvedova
Authors: Wang Zhe , Galaktionova Irina Vladimirovna
Published: October 2024

“Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language” by N. Yu. Shvedova, addressed to a wide range of readers, uses the traditional system of lexicographic notes, while the introductory materials of the dictionary does not explain what they mean. The object of research is the notes «umen'shitel'noe» ‘diminutive’ and «uvelichitel'noe» ‘augmentative’, the internal form of which gives the impression of self-evidence of their meaning, but they are used differently. The purpose of the work is to model the reasoning of the reader who wants to understand what these notes mean, and relies only on this dictionary. The authors use the method of semantic and syntactic analysis of explanations and the method of comparing. The novelty of the research lies in the careful study of notes, which were not previously considered in the lexicographic aspect. The article shows that in the analyzed dictionary the notes «umen'shitel'noe» and «uvelichitel'noe» are used in accordance with the terminological, but not the common language meaning. The explanations of terminological meanings can be interpreted in two ways, although in the dictionary each metalanguage unit must be understood unambiguously. The analysis of these notes in their relation to expressive-evaluative ones leads to their understanding as indicating only the size or degree as in the common language. Finally, the analysis of several examples of attribution of notes returns to one of the possible terminological understandings. All this creates difficulties for readers: an ordinary non-linguist will most likely understand these notes in a common language meaning; more attentive readers, including linguists, those who analyze the dictionary entries will get different, possibly contradictory, information about the meaning of the notes. Thus, the meaning of the lexicographic notes, even those that, at first glance, seem generally understandable, must necessarily be explained in the introductory materials of the dictionary.
The "machine translation + post-machine translation editing" model on the YiCAT platform: using the example of the discipline "Stylistic post-machine text editing" for first-year graduate students of the Higher School of Translation of Moscow State University
Authors: Liu Jingpeng
Published: October 2024

In this article, the author analyzes the process of machine translation and post-machine editing by Chinese students in classes on the discipline "Stylistic post-machine text editing" using the YiCAT translation platform, which uses a model of combining machine translation and post-machine editing in order to organize the educational process and allocate study time. In 2017, the Russian government approved the "Digital Economy Plan of the Russian Federation", as a result of which the digitalization process gradually penetrated into all scientific spheres. The author of the article concludes that Russian universities should pay more attention to teaching machine translation and post-machine translation editing. In addition, the article presents the idea that the translation departments of modern universities should focus on the introduction and application of translation technologies and the latest translation tools in the framework of teaching translation skills. There are only a few hundred articles in Russia dealing with the specifics of machine translation. Most of them are devoted to the study of existing limitations, development opportunities and ways to improve machine translation systems. At the same time, there are extremely few articles dealing with the features of post-machine editing of the translation text. The number of such articles does not exceed several dozen. Thus, there are many challenges in the field of post-machine translation editing research that should be addressed as soon as possible so that the field of post-machine translation editing can correspond to the era of artificial intelligence. At the same time, Russian universities should pay attention to the teaching of disciplines involving machine translation tools and post-machine editing skills. Large translation faculties should actively use translation technologies and machine translation tools in the classroom, add new academic disciplines implying the familiarization and application of such technologies and tools by students, as well as integrate such disciplines into the framework of existing training programs for specialists in the field of translation. All this will allow universities to form a reliable basis for the education of modern and qualified specialists who meet the requirements of the new era.
Anton Chekhov in school and university teaching in the 2000s−2010s: discussion in the "Chekhov Herald"
Authors: Denisov Alexander Yuryevich
Published: October 2024

The subject of the study is the features and main content of the discussion on the problems of teaching Chekhov's creativity in post-Soviet secondary and higher educational institutions presented on the pages of the information and bibliographic publication "Chekhov Herald" in the 2000s and 2010s. The problem of the need to create new educational and methodological manuals adequate to the post-Soviet socio-cultural situation, as well as the problem of spreading scientific knowledge about the life and work of A.P. Chekhov attracted the attention of leading modern Chekhov scholars, prompted them to create new educational materials, organize special conferences and, in general, to discuss this problem. The discussion allows us to judge both the latest problems and challenges of both academic Chekhov studies (and literary studies in general) and the school practice of teaching Chekhov's work and literature in general. The analysis of the materials presented on the pages of the information and bibliographic edition of the Chekhov Bulletin allows us to see the peculiarities of the dynamics of this discussion and modern Chekhov studies in general. The main conclusion of this analysis is that with the change in the socio-cultural situation from the turn of the 1990s‒2000s to the end of the 2010s, the challenges that the community of Chekhov scholars tried to answer, also changed. At the beginning of the 2000s, the appearance of new textbooks at the same time was accompanied by the problem of their inaccessibility, especially in the provinces; the widespread use of the Internet by the end of the 2000s – early 2010s partially solved this problem, but created a new one: the inaccessibility of high-quality information as the main problem was replaced by a decrease in the level of culture of reading and critical thinking among schoolchildren/students and, often, teachers, a decrease in the general cultural level leads to a widening gap between academic literary studies and school practice and an intensification of the intergenerational cultural gap, attempts by Czech scholars to influence the school study of Chekhov and Russian literature in general face the problem of unpopularity, lack of demand for scientific humanitarian knowledge in society.
Reflection of the nature of interethnic relations in the literature of Buryatia
Authors: Serebryakova Zoya Aleksandrovna , Chimitova Irina Zorigtoevna
Published: October 2024

The subject of the article is the reflection of interethnic relations in the works of Buryat writers narrating about different periods of Buryatia's history (the novels "The Steppe Woke Up" by J. Tumunov, "Singing Arrows" by A. Balburov, "Stolen Happiness" by D-R. Batozhabai, "Steppe Roads" and "The Year of the Fire Snake" by Ts-Zh. Zhimbiev, "Alar-Gol" by P. Malakshinov, "The Righteous Path" by B. Sanzhin, Ch. Tsydendambaev's dilogy about D. Banzarov, the novels "My Little Marikan", "The Path of Samagir" and "Beyond the Gorge of Seven Wolves" by M. Zhigzhitov). The aim of the article is to study the peculiarities of interethnic relations in Buryat prose. The methodology of the work is based on the application of complex, socio-historical and comparative approaches to the analysis of the representation of interethnic relations in Buryat literature. The results of the work are confirmed both by the volume of the studied literary material and by the literary analysis based on the significant works of regional philology. The article proves that the theme of interethnic interaction is most thoroughly revealed by the authors when depicting the turn of the XIX–XX centuries and the Soviet period. Meanwhile, the works about the era of Peter the Great and the events of the first half of the XIX century also convincingly show the nature of interethnic relations. The results of the study contribute to a fuller understanding of the history and dynamics of interethnic relations in such a multi-ethnic region as Buryatia and Eastern Siberia in general. The results of the study can be used in teaching classes on the history of Buryat and other Siberian literatures in universities and colleges, as well as in the preparation of educational and awareness-raising activities. Buryat prose convincingly shows typical manifestations and the essence of interethnic relations of the peoples of Buryatia. They are characterised as friendly, good-neighbourly, due to the similarity of basic values and orientation of representatives of different nationalities, who have become closer over a long time of being on a common land.