bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modern Approaches in Nanotechnology for Ocular Diseases
Authors:   Arihant College of Pharmacy, Kedgaon, Ahilyanagar, Shaligram Arya
Published: February 2025

Nanotechnology encompasses the study, processing, and application of various functional materials, tools, and systems, as well as the manipulation of substances at the nanoscale. A specific application of nanotechnology is "nanomedicine," which involves its use in the detection, management, prevention, and monitoring of a wide range of diseases. Research in this field can potentially accelerate disease treatment and drug development.

In cases involving ocular diseases, medications delivered through eye drops must traverse several ocular barriers to reach the posterior segment of the eye. Nanotechnology offers significant advantages for these treatments. It can effectively address the limitations of conventional ocular delivery methods, which often suffer from poor therapeutic efficacy and possible side effects due to invasive surgery or systemic exposure.

KEYWORDS: Nanotechnology, ocular diseases, nano-based drug delivery systems, nanocarriers.
Non-Malign Influence: What Does the Russian Community in Serbia Think and Do?
Authors: Cvijic Srdjan , Nikolic Kristina , Miladinovic Veljko
Published: February 2025

This study examines the political views of the Russian immigrant community in Serbia who relocated following the beginning of a full-scale Russian agression against Ukraine in February 2022. It reveals the primary reasons for leaving Russia, the willingness to engage in political and civic activism, and their adaptation to Serbian society and plans for the future. The research methodology combines a public opinion survey with in-depth structured interviews with a representative sample of Russian nationals living in Serbia. The study confirms prevailing assumptions that this group tends to hold liberal, pro-democratic views, and is largely opposed to Vladimir Putin’s regime and its military aggression in Ukraine. These results counter concerns about the potential for this community to destabilize the region or serve as a vehicle for propagating Moscow's influence. A significant majority of participants report feeling safe in their new country of residence and well-adapted to the local environment, with 40.2% planning to stay in Serbia for at least the next five years. Despite the widespread opposition to Putin and the war, however, most respondents (72.8%) express limited interest in engaging more actively in political affairs. This research concludes that Russians in Serbia prioritize their safety and economic well-being, and are hesitant to jeopardize these by participating in political activities that might draw attention to their opposition to the regime in Russia.
Pengaruh Jenis dan Penambahan Pengasam Alami terhadap Sifat Fisik dan Kimia Sirup Pepino
Authors: Oktavia Senja , Astuti Widyowanti Reni , Ruswanto Adi
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to: (1) determine the effect of type and addition of natural acidifier on the characteristics of pepino syrup; (2) determine the composition of type and addition of natural acidifier that produces pepino syrup that is most preferred by panelist. This research used the Completed Blok Design (CBD) method with 2 factors. The first factor was the type of citrus (A) with 3 levels, namely (A1 = lime), (A2 = lemon), (A3 =squeezed citrus). The second factor was the addition of natural acidifier based on the volume base of 200 ml pepino juice with 3 levels, namely (B1=2,5%), (B2=5%), (B3=7,5%). The results showed that the type of orange and the addition of natural acidifier influenced all physical properties (viscosity, total color difference), chemical properties (total soluble solids, pH, vitamin C, and antioxidants), and organoleptic (color, aroma, taste) of pepino syrup. Sample A3B2 with the type of squeezed oranges and the addition of 5% natural acidifier was the most favored pepino syrup by panelists with a score of 6, category like.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF THE FOREIGN TRADE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Morozova Tat'yana , Gelmiyarova Viktoriya , Pul'kin Igor' , Evseeva Olga , Chernyshev Il'ya
Published: February 2025

The country's integration into the international community and its active involvement in global trade constitute an important element of Russia's economic strategy. Regular statistical research in the field of foreign trade remains important. The main objective of this study is to conduct a statistical analysis to identify the key features of Russia's foreign economic activity. The object of the research is the system of monitoring and analysis of foreign trade of the Russian Federation, and the subject is indicators and methods of statistical analysis used in this field.
THE ROLE OF THE NORTH-SOUTH INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT CORRIDOR IN THE FORMATION OF AN EFFECTIVE AGRO-FOOD COMPLEX IN RUSSIA
Authors: Lelyavina Mariya , Kuldorov Aleksey
Published: February 2025

This article presents an analysis of the prospects for the development of the Southern Federal District as one of the strategic directions of the emerging center of transnational trade and an important transport hub in the system of the international transport corridor "North-South" in order to increase food security and develop the agro-food complex (hereinafter agro-food complex) in the context of changes in Russia's foreign trade under the influence of sanctions of unfriendly countries. The research is aimed at the development of the North-SOUTH MTC in conjunction with the development of the port special economic zone in Astrakhan, as well as the formation of new cargo flows of agri-food products past the Southern Sea Route, as an economically effective direction of economic development by reducing the delivery time of goods. The purpose of this study is to show that the creation, development and operation of a port–type free economic zone in the Southern Federal District will give an impetus to the formation of an effective port infrastructure of the international North-South transport corridor, which will be independent of the European embargo and at the same time comply with international standards and be a logistics hub between the ranks of the Shanghai Organization countries cooperation. The scientific novelty of the study is to assess the effectiveness of the use of freight transportation in the southern Federal District along the North-South MTC, bypassing the southern sea route, as well as the development of a port economic zone and wholesale distribution centers of the agro-industrial complex in conjunction with the North-South MTC. The example also shows which residents are present in the port SEZ in the Astrakhan region and how the SEZ connected the Caspian states, India, Southeast Asia, as well as Arab, African and other friendly countries.
Qualitative analysis of natural radioactive isotopes concentrations in crude oil from Saba and Al-Nasiriyah fields, Southern Iraq
Authors: Kadhim Ali S. , Rashid Jabbar M.
Published: February 2025

The existence of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) along with oil and gas creates a major risk to public health and the environment. Employees who have been extracting crude oil and the surrounding environment could be seriously affected if the amounts of these radioactive materials were higher than what is permitted globally. The current study was conducted to verify that the natural radioactive content of one of the fields in Thi Qar province, specifically the Saba oil field, is higher than that of the nearby fields in the same area. In this investigation, a gamma-ray spectrometry system was used based on a 3" x 3" NaI (Tl) scintillation detector to measure the natural radioactivity concentrations of 238U, 232Th, 226Ra, 228Ra, and 40K in crude oil samples taken from the Saba and al-Nasiriyah oil fields in Thi Qar province, Iraq. In the crude oil samples under examination, the highest activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th, 226Ra, 228Ra, and 40K were observed in the Saba field compared with the al-Nasiriyah field. Additionally, the maximum concentrations of the equivalent activity of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were also found in the Saba field. Moreover, the highest and lowest absorbed doses, which were calculated based on BECK, UNSCEAR, and ICRP, along with all other parameters such as annual effective dose (AED), the external and internal hazard indices, and lifetime cancer risks (ELCR), were identified to have maximum values in the Saba field compared to the al-Nasiriyah field. The results for every sample of crude oil showed that there were no serious radiation threats to the environment or the employees. Thus, all parameters that were measured and computed fall below the acceptable global limits recommended by the ICRP, WHO, and UNSCEAR.
Recommendation learning management system for autism using deep convolutional neural networks and gene expression programming
Authors: M Tholkapiyan. , Madhuri D. Krishna , Sundar R. , Parasa Gayatri , Duraivelu Vivek , Krishnaveni N.
Published: February 2025

Autism is a complex condition that affects children at an early stage and interferes with their daily activities in life. People affected by autism have problems with social interaction, communication, and exhibit repetitive behaviors. A personalized recommendation learning system modifies an academic subject, educational program, and the environment in which the student learns according to the individual student’s learning style and interests. This paper creates a personalized recommendation learning system tailored for autistic students affected by Rett and Asperger’s syndromes to meet their needs using Gene Expression Programming and Deep Learning via Convolutional Neural Networks. Gene Expression Programming creates a recommendation-based learning content based on the autistic student’s profile. Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNN) identify the student’s facial emotions and detect disorientation towards the course. If any disorientation is identified, the course is terminated immediately, and an alternate learning style that reduces the disorientation is provided. To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed approach, extensive experiments are conducted. DCNN's ability to predict the student's emotions to avoid challenging courses is 98% effective.
Kewenangan Memeriksa dan Mengadili Pengadilan Militer dalam Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Umum yang Dilakukan oleh Anggota Militer
Authors: Adelia Kartika Nur Huda  , Saiful Abdullah
Published: February 2025

The TNI as a means of defense of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia has a noble task. Even though it has a noble task, the TNI is still the same as society in general which has the possibility of committing criminal acts. In practice, TNI who commit criminal acts will be investigated and tried in a Military Court. It turns out that several laws and regulations relating to the authority of the Military Court contain conflicts between one law and another law.  The authority to examine and adjudicate courts within the Military justice environment in resolving general crimes committed by the TNI as stated in Article 3 paragraph (4a) of MPR Decree Number VII/MPR/2000 jo. Article 65 Paragraph (2) of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 34 of 2004 concerning the Indonesian National Army is apparently different from the authority of military justice contained in Law no. 31 of 1997 regarding Military Justice. In order to answer this question, research was conducted, as well as to provide an explanation regarding the resolution of general crimes committed by the TNI. This research is normative research, using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The research results found that the resolution of general crimes committed by the TNI was still carried out in the Military Court, referring to the legal principle of lex specialis derogate legi generali. The resolution of general crimes committed by the TNI is carried out through legal trials, consisting of the stages of investigation, prosecution, examination and proof, and the execution stage.
Upaya Pencegahan Penyalahgunaan Narkotika di Kalangan Remaja : Strategi Edukasi, Pengawasan, dan Dukungan
Authors: Muhammad Reuben Marcello  , Zainudin Hasan
Published: February 2025

This research aims to analyze the factors that cause teenagers to become involved in narcotics abuse, as well as focus on prevention efforts that can be implemented. Data collection was carried out through document study, observation and interviews. The research results show that narcotics abuse among teenagers is influenced by the social environment, family problems and economic pressure. To prevent this, various efforts have been made, such as intensive education about the dangers of drugs in schools, increasing parental supervision, and strengthening the role of the community. BNN also plays an important role in implementing prevention programs, including outreach, awareness campaigns, and developing a drug-free environment for teenagers. A juridical approach and involvement of various parties is needed so that these prevention efforts can be effective and sustainable.
Peran Lembaga Rehabilitasi dalam Sistem Hukum Pidana Narkotika di Indonesia
Authors: Putri Lidia Damayanti
Published: February 2025

Addressing narcotics abuse in Indonesia is a complex challenge, with broad impacts on individuals and society. Law no. 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics provides a legal basis for the rehabilitation of narcotics users as part of the criminal law system, aiming to divert users from punishment to recovery. This research aims to examine the role of rehabilitation institutions in the narcotics criminal law system in Indonesia, including the challenges and effectiveness of its implementation. Analysis shows that even though the rehabilitation policy has been regulated, its implementation still faces obstacles such as limited facilities, lack of consistency in law enforcement, and social stigma which complicates the rehabilitation process and user reintegration into society. In addition, the role of rehabilitation institutions often does not run optimally due to a lack of resources and unclear criteria regarding users who are worthy of rehabilitation.The results of this research emphasize the need for increased rehabilitation facilities, consistent law enforcement, and campaigns to reduce social stigma. With improvements in these various aspects, it is hoped that the role of rehabilitation institutions can become more effective in supporting the recovery of narcotics users and reducing the negative impact of narcotics abuse in Indonesia.
Kebijakan Hukum Pidana mengenai Kejahatan Judi Online (Cyber Gambling) di Indonesia
Authors: Firmansyah Firmansyah
Published: February 2025

The development of information technology has made it easier for people to access various digital services, including online gambling or cyber gambling, which has now become a global phenomenon and has given rise to various legal problems. In Indonesia, online gambling crimes are increasingly widespread and disturbing, considering the negative impact on society, especially in the economic, social and mental aspects of society. Criminal law policy in Indonesia, especially in handling online gambling crimes, still faces a number of challenges, both in terms of statutory regulations and the implementation of effective law enforcement. This research aims to examine criminal law policies in Indonesia in dealing with online gambling crimes, analysis of the challenges faced in law enforcement, and recommendations needed to strengthen efforts to eradicate this crime. Using a normative juridical approach, the research results show that although there are provisions in the Criminal Code and related laws that regulate gambling, existing regulations are still unable to fully address the complexity and dynamics of online gambling crimes. Therefore, more comprehensive legal policy steps are needed, including updating regulations and increasing the capacity of law enforcement in eradicating online gambling in Indonesia.
Implementasi Restorartive Justice Melalui Upaya Rehabilitas Penyalah-guna Narkotika
Authors: Aisyah Habibah Azra
Published: February 2025

Drug abuse is a criminal act that has given rise to victims of drug abuse in society. Ideally, narcotics are needed in the world of health and science, but at the same time, the use of narcotics that is against the law is very dangerous, so legal instruments that aim to control the distribution and use of these addictive substances are very necessary. Efforts to control narcotics are carried out by providing physical punishment, fines, medical rehabilitation and social rehabilitation. Rehabilitation is regulated in Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning narcotics. This study is entitled Rehabilitation as an Effort to Overcome Narcotics Abuse. The purpose of this study is to determine the obstacles to the implementation of Rehabilitation Institutions in Law Enforcement against Drug Abusers and the reorientation of Rehabilitation Institutions in Law Enforcement against Drug Abusers based on Restorative Justice, as well as to determine Law Enforcement Against Drug Abusers Based on Restorative Justice in the future. Rehabilitation for drug abusers is a process of overcoming drug abuse dependency disorders both in the short and long term which aims to change behavior and restore individual function in society.
Deteksi Kebocoran Gas menggunakan Sensor MQ2 berbasis WeMos D1 Mini
Authors: Syuja Rifka Khairyansyah  , Kalika Khaldan Nurshofa  , Della Saskia Amelia  , Aulivia Widya Putti  , Muhammad Taufiq Hidayatullah Syari  , Didik Aribowo
Published: February 2025

This research develops an IoT-based gas detection system using an MQ2 sensor, WeMos D1 Mini, and the Blynk application to monitor hazardous gases such as LPG. The MQ2 sensor detects gases, the WEMOS D1 Mini transmits data via Wi-Fi, and Blynk enables real-time monitoring and notifications if gas concentrations reach a specified threshold. Results indicate that this system is effective, accessible, and suitable for enhancing safety in environments prone to gas leaks.
Application of Case Based Reasoning in a Website-based Expert System for Diagnosing Diseases in Catfish
Authors: Marselina Anjelina Nuhi  , Cecilia D. P. Binti Gabriel  , Lidia Lali Momo
Published: February 2025

Diseases in catfish often become a significant problem in fish farming, which can cause major losses for farmers. To overcome this problem, a system is needed that can help diagnose diseases in catfish accurately and quickly. This research aims to develop a website-based expert system that uses the Case Based Reasoning (CBR) method to diagnose diseases in catfish. The CBR method allows the system to identify disease by comparing the symptoms experienced by catfish with data on previous cases that already exist in the knowledge base. This system consists of several main components, namely input data on catfish symptoms, case matching process, and presentation of disease diagnoses and solutions. System testing was carried out using symptom data collected from various cases of catfish disease that occurred in the field. The results of this research show that the CBR-based expert system is able to provide diagnoses that are appropriate to existing cases, and can be a useful tool for catfish farmers in detecting disease early and providing appropriate treatment. This system can be accessed online, making it easy for users to access information anytime and anywhere.
Analisis Sistem Manajemen Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja pada Departemen Fasilitas dan Sarana PT Industri Kapal Indonesia (Persero) Makassar
Authors: Aliefiah Maghfirah Rahman  , Masita Alya Rahma  , Putri Zhachilia Susanto  , Djuanda Djuanda  , Muhammad Agung
Published: February 2025

This study aims to determine the Management System and the effectiveness of the Occupational Health and Safety Management System for Employees of the Facilities and Facilities Department of PT Industri Kapal Indonesia (Persero) Makassar. This study uses a qualitative approach method with several data collection techniques, namely interviews, semi-structural, observation, and documentation. In this study, informants were selected according to the research criteria consisting of 1 K3LH Manager, 1 Supervisor, 1 Foreman, and 4 Employees of the Facilities and Facilities Department. Data collection was carried out at PT Industri Kapal Indonesia (Persero) Makassar. The method used to analyze the data is the data triangulation technique consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions to ensure data reliability. The results of the study indicate that the implementation and level of effectiveness of the occupational health and safety management system are (a) determination of K3 policies with an average percentage of 78%; (b) K3 planning with an average percentage of 79%; (c) implementation of K3 plans with an average percentage of 80%; (d) monitoring and evaluation of K3 performance with an average percentage of 78%; (e) review and improvement of SMK3 performance with an average percentage of 78%, and (f) implementation of SMK3 with an average percentage of 75%. Based on this, the effectiveness of the occupational health and safety management system in reducing the number of work accidents for employees is quite good, as evidenced by efforts to achieve zero accidents.
Evaluasi Pengaruh Autonomous Maintenance terhadap Kinerja Mesin Bubut dalam Penerapan Total Productive Maintenance di PT XYZ
Authors: Adinda Putri Bidari  , Suseno Suseno
Published: February 2025

Competition in the manufacturing industry will encourage companies to make continuous improvements on the production floor, to maintain machine performance in order to minimize the breakdown value that occurs. As in the production process at PT XYZ felt a decrease in the performance of the lathe, the lathe that operated for 5 working hours sometimes, in the middle of the production process experienced downtime to breakdowns, as is known from February 24, 2024 to February 27, 2024, obstacles were faced during the production process where the machine experienced obstacles until it stopped completely and repeated for 3 consecutive days. Initial measurements have been made using Overall Equipment Effectivenes and Six Big Losses, which gave the result that  the Availability value  of the lathe reached 88.97%,  the performance value  was known to be at a percentage of 98.07%, while for Quality is at a percentage of 93.81%, and it is also known that the results of the Six Big Losses Analysis show that the factors that affect engine effectiveness are reduced speed losses, defect losses and breakdown losses. Therefore, improvements were made using the Total Productive Maintenance  pillar, namely Autonomous Maintenance, which was developed using the 5S method which resulted in an increase in the availability value  to 90.36%, performance to 87.57% and Quality to 99.02%.
Analisis Pengendalian Persediaan Bahan Baku Menggunakan Metode Material Requirement Planning pada PT XYZ
Authors: Nabila Kurnia Ramadhani
Published: February 2025

This research focuses on proper raw material inventory control and minimum cost control at PT XYZ. From observation data in 2023, it is known that there is an overstock of copper slag material of 50,160 tonnes, and there is a stockout of gypsum material of 44,403 tonnes and clay of 73,574 tonnes.  This research aims to determine appropriate raw material inventory control to identify problems and provide alternative suggestions. The factor that causes stockouts and overstocks in storage is the non-optimal supply of raw materials, such as gypsum material, from February to April there was no material ordering activity. This research uses the Material Requirement Planning method with Lot For Lot and Fixed Order Quantity lotting techniques. Based on the results of the analysis, it was concluded that the gypsum and copper slag materials using the LFL lotting technique produced minimum costs compared to using the FOQ lotting technique, with a difference in the total cost of the gypsum material of IDR. 402,329,503.8 and the difference in the total cost of copper slag material is Rp. 779.1363.022.5. In contrast to clay materials, the FOQ lotting technique produces minimum costs compared to using the LFL lotting technique with a difference in total clay material costs of IDR. 384,902,040. The right solution for controlling raw material inventory at PT XYZ is to use the MRP data processing method and the Lot For Lot lotting technique with a large percentage of gypsum of 1.48%, and copper slag of 8.17%.
Penerapan User Experience pada Aplikasi Pendaftaran Online RSUD Umar Wirahadikusumah Sumedang
Authors: Soffiah Ai Nurjanah  , Dwi Yuniarto
Published: February 2025

This study aims to evaluate the user experience of the Online Registration application of Umar Wirahadikusumah Sumedang Hospital using the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) method. The evaluation was carried out on six aspects, namely attractiveness, clarity, efficiency, accuracy, stimulation and novelty, involving 30 application user respondents. The results showed that the Online Registration application of Umar Wirahadikusumah Sumedang Hospital received a Bad score on the Attractiveness aspect with a mean value of 0.42, the Clarity aspect received a Bad score with a mean value of 0.43, the Efficiency aspect received a Bad score with a mean value of 0.44, the Dependability aspect received a Bad score with a mean value of 0.48, the Stimulation aspect received a Bad score with a mean value of 0.35, and the Novelty aspect received a Below Average score with a mean value of 0.20. The results show that the application still needs to require improvements in various aspects to improve the quality of the user experience. Some recommendations that can be considered to provide better services include improving the interface that attracts user attention, simplifying the application flow, optimizing application performance so that it can be used efficiently, and adding some more innovative features.
Implementasi Metode Forward Chaining pada Sistem Pakar Pemilihan Jurusan Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Senna Hendrian
Published: February 2025

Choosing a major at the high school (SMA) level is an important decision that can influence a student's academic and career future. However, many students have difficulty choosing a major that suits their interests and talents. Therefore, this research aims to design and build an expert system that can help students choose the right major in Senior High School (SMA). This system uses the Forward Chaining method, which works by tracing facts from student data, such as subject grades, interests and talents, then matching them with predetermined rules to provide recommendations for the most suitabel major. The Forward Chaining method was chosen because of its ability to compile inferences progressively based on available facts, so that it can provide results that are more accurate and appropriate to the student's condition. This system was developed using a programming language and database that supports knowledge-based rules. The test results show that this expert system is able to provide recommendations that are appropriate to the majors taken by students, as well as increasing efficiency in the major selection process. With this system, it is hoped that it can help students, teachers and schools in a more objective and data-based decision making process.
Pengaruh Shalat Lima Waktu terhadap Disiplin dan Kualitas Hidup
Authors: Muhammad Zainul Arifin  , Ainur Rofiq Sofa
Published: February 2025

This study aims to investigate the effect of the five daily prayers on the discipline and quality of life of Muslim individuals. Prayer as one of the pillars of Islam has an important role not only in the spiritual aspect, but also in the development of character and daily lifestyle. The method used in this study is a mixed approach, namely qualitative and quantitative, involving 200 respondents who routinely perform prayers. Data were collected through questionnaires and in-depth interviews to understand the impact of prayer on personal discipline, mental health, and overall quality of life. The results showed that 85% of respondents felt an increase in discipline in managing time and responsibility after performing prayers regularly. In addition, 75% of respondents reported an increase in quality of life characterized by better mental health, reduced stress, and improved social relationships. These findings indicate that the practice of the five daily prayers not only contributes to the spiritual aspect, but also has a significant positive impact on the discipline and quality of life of individuals. This study is expected to be the basis for further research on the role of worship in improving the welfare of individuals and society.
Penerapan Media E-book Interaktif Melalui Pendekatan CRT untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Kelas V di SDN Munggut 03 Kabupaten Madiun
Authors: Dayinta Qurota Ayunin  , Pinkan Amita Tri Prasasti
Published: February 2025

The large number of students who are less motivated in learning mathematics results in a decline in students' mathematics learning outcomes. Therefore, several strategies and learning models are needed that can meet the needs of students. This study aims to optimize the mathematics learning outcomes of fifth grade students of SDN Munggut 03 by implementing e-book media with the CRT approach. In simple terms, e-books can be defined as electronic books or digital books. While the CRT approach is a learning approach that offers a meaningful learning experience, where students gain recognition and appreciation for cultural diversity and its integration with learning materials. This study used the PTK (Classroom Action Research) method where there were 2 research cycles. Data were collected through test, observation and documentation techniques. The results showed that the application of e-book media adapted to the cultural context (CRT) was effective in significantly increasing participation, motivation and mathematics learning outcomes in fifth grade students of SDN Munggut 03, Madiun Regency.
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) terhadap Hasil Belajar Kognitif pada Mata Pelajaran IPAS Siswa Kelas VI SDN Bandungrejo 1
Authors: Nafiatul Ulya  , Ade Cyntia Pritasari
Published: February 2025

This study aims to determine the effect of the problem-based learning model on cognitive learning outcomes in the IPS subject of sixth-grade students at SDN Bandungrejo 1. This research uses a quantitative method with a pre-experimental design in the form of a one-group pre-test post-test. The data sampling technique used in this research is total sampling. The data collection technique involves using observation sheets to assess the implementation of learning activities by students and teachers, as well as pre-tests on cognitive learning outcomes. The results of this study show that the comparison of the total pretest score of 208 and the posttest score of 603, with an average pretest score of 8.66 and an average posttest score of 25.12. It can be concluded descriptively that the posttest scores after the treatment with the problem-based learning model were much higher compared to the pretest scores before the treatment was given. The results of the non-parametric statistical test calculation using the Wilcoxon signed rank test show an Asymp Sig. (2-tailed) value of < 0.001 < 0.05, which means Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. It can be concluded that there is a difference in pretest and posttest results after the treatment using the problem-based learning model, which means that the use of the problem-based learning model affects the cognitive learning outcomes of sixth-grade students at SDN Bandungrejo 1.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Matematika Melalui Model Pembelajaran Cooperative Learning Tipe Teams Games Tournament (TGT) pada Siswa Kelas IV di SDN 01 Winongo
Authors: Andin Badiatus Sholikhah  , Bambang Eko Hari Cahyono  , Ike Yusda Andriani
Published: February 2025

Teams Games Tournament (TGT) is a cooperative learning model that helps fourth-grade students at SDN 01 Winongo do better in math. The goal of this project is to show how the TGT cooperative learning model can help students learn math better and explain how it does so. A study of how well students learned math before and after the instruction was used to get the data analysis. In this study, the assistance was supposed to lead to each student getting a final percentage score of at least 70%. The results of this study showed that before the help, kids had an average score of 57 on tests related to math. In Cycle I, students learned math on average to a level of 70, but by Cycle II, they were at a level of 90. With this information, we can say that using the TGT learning model helps kids get better at math. All of the people who took part in the final review got the effects that were expected from the intervention.
Stop Kekerasan Seksual dengan Pendidikan Anak Sejak Dini
Authors: Nabila Muthia Rezky Maghfirah
Published: February 2025

Child sexual violence is a serious issue that continues to increase in Indonesia, with profound impacts on the social, psychological, and physical development of children. This study aims to explore the role of early sexual education as a preventive measure in overcoming child sexual violence. The research method used is a literature study, by collecting data from various reliable sources, such as journals, books, and research reports. The results of the study indicate that sexual education provided to children from an early age can improve their understanding of the body, the right to privacy, and how to protect themselves from inappropriate actions. This education can also equip children with knowledge of moral and ethical values ​​that are relevant to their social interactions. The implications of this study are the importance of the role of parents, teachers, and the environment in providing appropriate and ongoing sexual education in order to create a safe environment and protect children from the risk of sexual violence.
Control Orang Tua pada Anak Usia Dini dalam Kecanduan Game Online
Authors: Febi maharani
Published: February 2025

The rapid development of digital technology has made online games an inseparable part of children's lives. However, excessive use of online games can lead to addiction, which can have a negative impact on early childhood development. This research aims to determine appropriate controls in dealing with the negative impact of online games on early childhood development. The research method used is a literature study that analyzes various previous studies related to this topic. Having effective parental supervision, such as limiting play time, choosing appropriate types of play, and providing alternative, more productive activities, can be an important preventive measure. Apart from that, this research also discusses the factors and forms of behavior of children who are addicted to online games. This research concludes that online game addiction can disrupt the learning process, hinder social development, and cause physical health problems such as obesity and sleep disorders
Manajemen Ekstrakurikuler Komputer dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Siswa di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Karangrejo 03
Authors: Devi Dewi Hajar  , Nur Ittihadatul Ummah
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the management of computer extracurricular activities at SDN Karangrejo 03 in improving students' skills in the field of technology. The approach used is qualitative with observation, interview, and documentation methods. The results of the study indicate that computer extracurricular activities are planned systematically through identifying student needs, scheduling activities, and providing facilities. The organization involves supervising teachers and the formation of study groups based on student abilities. The mobilization process is carried out by providing motivation through awards, interactive learning materials, and collaboration. Routine supervision by the principal and teachers ensures implementation according to plan. This activity not only improves students' technical skills but also critical and creative thinking skills, preparing them to face the challenges of the digital era. This study concludes that effective management in computer extracurricular activities plays an important role in the development of students' overall skills.
Gambaran Remaja yang Kecanduan Pornografi di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Negeri 1 Kota Serang
Authors: Aisyah Sekar Tri Wardani  , Syafrizal Syafrizal  , John Pahamzah  , Mochammad Thamrin Yahya  , Mohammad Jordan Feshilal Antarik  , Risa Alifia  , Akmal Suropriyono  , Triana Febriyani Lestari
Published: February 2025

Teenage morality is at risk, because once that horizon-opening advanced cell phone is in unsafe hands, all windows are open regardless of good or bad. Pornography addiction can negatively affect adolescents by disrupting their social lives, emotions, and cognitive processes. This study aims to find a picture of adolescents who are addicted to pornography at SMKN 1 Serang City. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. These data were obtained from journals, articles, survey results, and interviews. This study used semi-structured interviews to explore in-depth information about adolescents' experiences of access to and addiction to pornographic content. The results show that addiction to pornographic content among teenagers at SMKN 1 Serang City generally starts at a very young age, around elementary school age. Students at SMKN 1 Serang City, the majority do not feel the influence of pornographic content in the school environment, although there are a small number of students who are influenced by seniors. Some students feel that pornographic content does not really interfere with their learning focus or social relationships, but others admit to being emotionally disturbed and their learning concentration.
Sistem Pendidikan di Australia
Authors: Nadia Nauli  , Mislaini Mislaini  , Sila Angraini
Published: February 2025

Australia's education system reflects the long history and development of its diverse society. Since the arrival of British colonialists in 1788, Australia has undergone a significant transformation, from a colony to an independent country with a strong identity. The education system in Australia consists of preschool, primary, secondary and tertiary education, and is equipped with various vocational education institutions. Even though Australia is known to have a high-quality education system, there are several problems it faces, such as unequal access to education among indigenous communities, challenges in integrating international students, and issues of unequal funding between regions. Education policy in Australia focuses on improving the quality of education through a variety of initiatives, including teacher skills enhancement programs, inclusive curriculum development, and improving educational facilities. The government is also trying to overcome the problem of inequality by implementing policies that support access to education for all levels of society. Thus, despite facing various challenges, the Australian education system continues to adapt and develop to meet the needs of a dynamic society.
The Methods of Teaching Literature
Authors:   Termez state university, Uzbekistan, Maxmud Abdullaev
Published: February 2025

There has been a remarkable loss of interest in the study of literature among secondary school students these days. This has been attributed to a number of factors. Apart from the obvious laziness on the part of the students and the teachers, there is observable shift from recreational reading to electronic chatting generally. This paper reiterates the value of literature as a school subject appraises the approaches and methods over the years and recommends contemporary techniques that are believed will facilitate the teaching and learning of literature.
Management Characteristics, Principles, Essence and Scientific Approaches to Digitization in The Development Process in The Higher Education System
Authors:   Institute for Retraining and Advanced Training of Higher Education Personnel under the Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Innovations of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Rustamovna Valieva Shoxida
Published: February 2025

This study examines how management characteristics, guiding principles, institutional essence, and scientific approaches to digitization influence developmental processes in higher education. Adopting a convergent parallel mixed methods design, the research gathered quantitative data through surveys administered to administrators, faculty, staff, and students, and qualitative data through interviews, focus groups, and document analysis. Findings indicate that leadership models grounded in inclusivity, collaboration, and strategic foresight foster greater acceptance and more effective implementation of digital initiatives. Professional development emerged as a critical factor for sustained capacity-building, with ongoing training programs proving more beneficial than sporadic or one-off workshops. Additionally, equity and inclusivity remain significant concerns, as limited access to devices and internet connectivity can exacerbate existing disparities. Data-driven decision-making, though recognized for its potential to enhance teaching and resource allocation, is often hindered by a lack of standardized guidelines and ethical frameworks. Institutional culture and well-defined strategic planning, including sustainability and budget provisions, are vital for the long-term success of digitization efforts. Overall, the study underscores the importance of a holistic management approach that integrates supportive leadership, robust professional development, and equitable resource distribution. These elements collectively ensure that digitization in higher education not only streamlines processes but also aligns with the core academic mission of delivering quality instruction and expanding learning opportunities.
From Classics to Modernity: Perspectives on The Literary Canon
Authors:   Senior lecturer, Jizzakh State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan, Karimov Namaz Mamasalievich , Karimova Zulfiya Оdiljanovna ,   Senior lecturer, Jizzakh State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan
Published: February 2025

This article examines the transformations of the literary canon from classical works to contemporary texts. The author analyzes how the perception and evaluation criteria of literature change depending on cultural and social contexts, as well as the influence of new literary movements on the understanding of classical works. Special attention is given to the relevance of classic literature in the modern world, its ability to captivate new generations of readers, and its role in shaping literary taste.
Balanço nitrogenado como ferramenta para identificação da ingestão proteica ideal em pacientes críticos: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Paiva Leila Marques de Souza , Mendes Juliana Frossard Ribeiro
Published: February 2025

Este estudo trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, e tem como objetivo verificar os principais achados sobre a quantidade ideal de proteína na terapia nutricional de paciente críticos com intuito de estimular o balanço de nitrogenado positivo. Os artigos selecionados para esta revisão indicaram que uma dieta hiperproteica, com 1,2 a 2 gramas de proteína por kg de peso, está relacionada a melhores resultados no balanço nitrogenado, bem como em desfechos clínicos mais favoráveis, como menor tempo de ventilação mecânica, permanência na UTI, internação hospitalar, além reduzir a mortalidade. Dessa forma, pode ser constatar que uma dieta hiperproteica estimula o balanço nitrogenado positivo. Entretanto, a quantidade ideal de proteínas para esse estímulo é controversa na literatura, devido as múltiplas especificidades dos pacientes em cuidados intensivos.
O papel dos jogos educativos no ensino-aprendizagem na graduação em medicina
Authors: Cordeiro Fernanda de Nazaré Cardoso dos Santos , Cordeiro Herbert Paulino , Bichara Clea Nazaré Carneiro , Botelho Nara Macedo
Published: February 2025

Os jogos educativos, que incluem simulações clínicas, aplicativos e jogos de tabuleiro, oferecem uma abordagem inovadora para a aprendizagem, promovendo engajamento, retenção de conhecimento e desenvolvimento de habilidades práticas e sociais. Fundamentados em teorias pedagógicas como o construtivismo, esses jogos facilitam o aprendizado ativo e a aplicação de conceitos teóricos em cenários simulados, proporcionando um ambiente seguro para a prática médica. Embora os jogos educativos apresentem vantagens significativas, como maior motivação, aprendizado personalizado e flexibilidade de uso, sua implementação enfrenta desafios, incluindo altos custos de desenvolvimento, necessidade de capacitação docente e resistência cultural em instituições de ensino. Adicionalmente, a literatura carece de estudos longitudinais que avaliem o impacto desses métodos no desempenho clínico a longo prazo. Foi realizado uma revisão bibliográfica baseada em uma busca nas plataformas de busca de artigos científicos que indicam que os jogos educativos têm potencial para complementar os métodos tradicionais de ensino médico, promovendo uma formação mais dinâmica e interativa. Conclui-se que a integração adequada dessas ferramentas no currículo médico pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de uma educação mais holística e eficaz, adaptada às demandas crescentes do sistema de saúde contemporâneo. Sugere-se que instituições de ensino invistam na capacitação docente, na criação de conteúdos acessíveis e em pesquisas que avaliem o impacto dessas ferramentas na formação de futuros médicos.
Soil remineralizer as a replacement for chemical fertilization in industrial tomato cultivation
Authors: Rodrigues Tatiana Tozzi Martins Souza , Rodrigues Allieksiei Castelar Perim Souza , Rodrigues Pedro Guilherme Martins
Published: February 2025

Tomato is one of the major agricultural crops globally, widely consumed both fresh and processed. However, the high cost of production in Brazil, particularly due to the reliance on imported fertilizers, presents a significant challenge to the production. One alternative for fertilizing crops is the application of soil remineralizers (REM) as a substitute for soluble fertilizers. This study aimed to evaluate the use of Ipirá Fértil® REM in industrial tomato cultivation as a substitute for NPK fertilizers during planting. An experiment was conducted at Fazenda Galheiros in Januária/MG, Brazil, using two treatments: 3 t.ha-1 of Ipirá Fértil® REM and 1.2 t.ha-1 of NPK (4-30-10) in the furrow. Soil and leaf samples were analyzed for nutrient content, and tomato production was assessed in terms of the mass of ripe and green fruits, number of rotten fruits, and Brix degrees. The results showed that REM fertilization did not significantly affect tomato yield compared to NPK fertilization. Both treatments resulted in a similar quantity of nutrients in the soil and leaves, although plants treated with REM accumulated more silicon in their leaves. The study suggests that REM can replace NPK fertilizers in tomato cultivation without compromising productivity and may improve plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors. REM's slow-release properties make it a sustainable alternative to soluble fertilizers, offering long-term benefits with reduced environmental impact.