bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cultural threads in writing mastery: a structural analysis of perfectionism, learning self-efficacy, and motivation as mediated by self-reflection in Chinese EFL learners
Authors: Tao Ye , Yu Jianbin
Published: February 2024

Background

The study explores language acquisition in Chinese English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education, where English proficiency is crucial for global opportunities. As China gains prominence, the demand for English skills rises beyond communication to include academic and business success. The Chinese education system emphasizes proficient English writing for further education and professional achievement. This research investigates the complex linguistic context for EFL learners in China, analyzing the intersection of psychological factors, cultural nuances, varied pedagogy, and individual experiences.

Methods

Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is utilized for analysis, enabling the creation of a metric set to explore intangibles such as perfectionism, learning self-efficacy, motivation, study habits, cultural influences, and introspection. The research utilizes a diverse sample from multiple universities across different regions of China, incorporating demographic factors to encompass the varied characteristics within the EFL learner community.

Results

Results reveal that perfectionism (β = 0.30, p < 0.001), learning self-efficacy (β = 0.25, p = 0.005), motivation (β = 0.35, p < 0.001), study habits (β = 0.20, p = 0.01), and self-reflection (β = 0.28, p < 0.001) significantly predict writing proficiency. Cultural effects (Beta = 0.15, p = 0.05) show a statistically significant, albeit minimal, impact. Mediation-moderation analysis underscores perfectionism as a mediator (Beta = 0.25, p = 0.005), emphasizing its influence on other predictors. Cultural factors act as moderators (Beta = 0.15, p = 0.01), shaping the link between predictors and writing skills. The combined mediation and moderation effects on writing proficiency are positively significant (Beta = 0.20, p = 0.02).

Conclusions

This study makes a significant theoretical contribution, enhancing existing models and providing practical insights for EFL educators and policymakers. Emphasizing the intricate relationship between psychological factors and cultural dynamics underscores the necessity for a sophisticated, culturally sensitive approach to language acquisition in Chinese EFL instruction. Beyond language skills, the research recognizes the importance of fostering a conducive environment that encourages personal development, socio-cultural awareness, and a holistic learning approach.
Ancient mural segmentation based on multiscale feature fusion and dual attention enhancement
Authors: Cao Jianfang , Cao Zhen , Chen Zhiqiang , Wang Fang , Wang Xianhui , Yang Zhuolin
Published: February 2024

To address the fuzzy segmentation boundaries, missing details, small target losses and low efficiency of traditional segmentation methods in ancient mural image segmentation scenarios, this paper proposes a mural segmentation model based on multiscale feature fusion and a dual attention-augmented segmentation model (MFAM). The model uses the MobileViT network, which integrates a coordinate attention mechanism, as the feature extraction backbone network. It attains global and local expression capabilities through self-attention, class convolution, and coordinate attention and focuses on location information to expand the receptive field and achieve improved feature extraction efficiency. An A_R_ASPP feature enhancement module is proposed for the attention-optimized residual atrous spatial pyramid pooling module. The module uses residual connections to solve the small target loss problem in murals caused by the excessive sampling rate of atrous convolution and uses a feature attention mechanism to adaptively adjust the feature map weight according to the channel importance levels. A dual attention-enhanced feature fusion module is proposed for multiscale decoder feature fusion to improve the mural segmentation effect. This module uses a cross-level aggregation strategy and an attention mechanism to weight the importance of different feature levels to obtain multilevel semantic feature representations. The model improves the mean intersection over union (MIoU) by 3.06% and the MPA by 1.81% on a mural dataset compared with other models. The model is proven to be effective at improving the segmentation details, efficiency and small target segmentation results produced for mural images, and a new method is proposed for segmenting ancient mural images.
Strata-constrained Gaussian window weighted-constrained long short-term memory network for logging lithology prediction
Authors: Lv Haotian , Ma Li , Li Hui , Wen Xiaogang , Wu Baohai , Gao Jinghuai
Published: February 2024

Precisely identifying rock lithology from logging curves is critically important for reservoir characterization and exploration risk assessment. Although traditional knowledge-based lithology interpretation by a well-logging interpreter has achieved success, the interpreter-dominated lithology prediction process, in turn, could lead to a biased prediction or erroneous decision making. Deep neural network indicates the most advanced performance in various domains such as medical science, computer vision, or even geosciences. Therefore, a potential strata-constrained long short-term memory (LSTM) strategy is developed. By combining Gaussian windows to characterize the weighted stratigraphic sequence information on the target formation, rock lithology can be intelligently identified from the input logging curves. This weighted stratigraphic sequence constrain-based LSTM workflow can predict the rock lithology precisely, even for the thinner layers. Here, the F1 score and confusion matrix demonstrate that considering the rock strata sequence features, the predicted lithology by the Gaussian window weighted-constrained LSTM model and rectangular window weighted-constrained LSTM model have superior performance than those of the conventional LSTM model.
Participatory translational science of neurodivergence: model for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism research
Authors: Sonuga-Barke Edmund J.S. , Chandler Susie , Lukito Steve , Kakoulidou Myrofora , Moore Graham , Cooper Niki , Matejko Maciej , Jackson Isabel , Balwani Beta , Boyens Tiegan , Poulton Dorian , Harvey-Nguyen Luke , Baker Sylvan , Pavlopoulou Georgia
Published: February 2024

Background

There are increasing calls for neurodivergent peoples’ involvement in research into neurodevelopmental conditions. So far, however, this has tended to be achieved only through membership of external patient and public involvement (PPI) panels. The Regulating Emotions – Strengthening Adolescent Resilience (RE-STAR) programme is building a new participatory model of translational research that places young people with diagnoses of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism at the heart of the research team so that they can contribute to shaping and delivering its research plan.

Aims

To outline the principles on which the RE-STAR participatory model is based and describe its practical implementation and benefits, especially concerning the central role of members of the Youth Researcher Panel (Y-RPers).

Method

The model presented is a culmination of a 24-month process during which Y-RPers moved from advisors to co-researchers integrated within RE-STAR. It is shaped by the principles of co-intentionality. The account here was agreed following multiple iterative cycles of collaborative discussion between academic researchers, Y-RPers and other stakeholders.

Results

Based on our collective reflections we offer general guidance on how to effectively integrate young people with diagnoses of ADHD and/or autism into the core of the translational research process. We also describe the specific theoretical, methodological and analytical benefits of Y-RPer involvement in RE-STAR.

Conclusions

Although in its infancy, RE-STAR has demonstrated the model's potential to enrich translational science in a way that can change our understanding of the relationship between autism, ADHD and mental health. When appropriately adapted we believe the model can be applied to other types of neurodivergence and/or mental health conditions.
Association Between Neighborhood Opportunity, Allostatic Load, and All-Cause Mortality in Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Chen J.C. , Elsaid Mohamed I. , Handley Demond , Plascak Jesse J. , Andersen Barbara L. , Carson William E. , Pawlik Timothy M. , Fareed Naleef , Obeng-Gyasi Samilia
Published: February 2024

PURPOSE

Adverse neighborhood contextual factors may affect breast cancer outcomes through environmental, psychosocial, and biological pathways. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between allostatic load (AL), neighborhood opportunity, and all-cause mortality among patients with breast cancer.

METHODS

Women age 18 years and older with newly diagnosed stage I-III breast cancer who received surgical treatment between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2020, at a National Cancer Institute Comprehensive Cancer Center were identified. Neighborhood opportunity was operationalized using the 2014-2018 Ohio Opportunity Index (OOI), a composite measure derived from neighborhood level transportation, education, employment, health, housing, crime, and environment. Logistic and Cox regression models tested associations between the OOI, AL, and all-cause mortality.

RESULTS

The study cohort included 4,089 patients. Residence in neighborhoods with low OOI was associated with high AL (adjusted odds ratio, 1.21 [95% CI, 1.05 to 1.40]). On adjusted analysis, low OOI was associated with greater risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.45 [95% CI, 1.11 to 1.89]). Relative to the highest (99th percentile) level of opportunity, risk of all-cause mortality steeply increased up to the 70th percentile, at which point the rate of increase plateaued. There was no interaction between the composite OOI and AL on all-cause mortality ( P = .12). However, there was a higher mortality risk among patients with high AL residing in lower-opportunity environments (aHR, 1.96), but not in higher-opportunity environments (aHR, 1.02; P interaction = .02).

CONCLUSION

Lower neighborhood opportunity was associated with higher AL and greater risk of all-cause mortality among patients with breast cancer. Additionally, environmental factors and AL interacted to influence all-cause mortality. Future studies should focus on interventions at the neighborhood and individual level to address socioeconomically based disparities in breast cancer.
Romidepsin Plus Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone Versus Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone in Patients With Previously Untreated Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma: Final Analysis of the Ro-CHOP Trial
Authors: Camus Vincent , Thieblemont Catherine , Gaulard Philippe , Cheminant Morgane , Casasnovas Rene-Olivier , Ysebaert Loïc , Damaj Gandhi Laurent , Guidez Stéphanie , Pica Gian Matteo , Kim Won Seog , Lim Soon Thye , Andre Marc , Gutiérrez Norma , Penarrubia Maria Jesus , Staber Philipp B. , Trotman Judith , Hüttmann Andreas , Stefoni Vittorio , Tucci Alessandra , Fogarty Patrick , Farhat Hassan , Abraham Julie , Abarah Wajed , Belmecheri Fatiha , Ribrag Vincent , Delfau-Larue Marie-Helene , Cottereau Anne-Ségolène , Itti Emmanuel , Li Ju , Delarue Richard , de Leval Laurence , Morschhauser Franck , Bachy Emmanuel
Published: February 2024

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported.

The primary analysis of the Ro-CHOP phase III randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01796002 ) established that romidepsin (Ro) plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone (CHOP) did not yield an increased efficacy compared with CHOP alone as first-line treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphoma. We report the planned final analysis 5 years after the last patient enrolled. With a median follow-up of 6 years, median progression-free survival (PFS) was 12.0 months compared with 10.2 months (hazard ratio [HR], 0.79 [95% CI, 0.62 to 1.005]; P = .054), while median overall survival was 62.2 months (35.7-86.6 months) and 43.8 months (30.1-70.2 months; HR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.68 to 1.14]; P = .324) in the Ro-CHOP and CHOP arms, respectively. In an exploratory analysis, the median PFS in the centrally reviewed follicular helper T-cell lymphoma subgroup was significantly longer in the Ro-CHOP arm (19.5 v 10.6 months, HR, 0.703 [95% CI, 0.502 to 0.985]; P = .039). Second-line treatments were given to 251 patients with a median PFS2 and OS2 after relapse or progression of 3.3 months and 11.5 months, respectively. Within the limits of highly heterogeneous second-line treatments, no specific regimen seemed to provide superior disease control. However, a potential benefit was observed with brentuximab vedotin in association with chemotherapy even after excluding anaplastic large-cell lymphoma subtype or after adjusting for histology and international prognostic index in a multivariate model (HR for PFS, 0.431 [95% CI, 0.238 to 0.779]; P = .005).
Sending Language into Battle: Interview with Hortense J. Spillers
Authors: Ferreira da Silva Denise
Published: February 2024

In this conversation with Denise Ferreira da Silva, which unfolded over a period of twelve months, Hortense Spillers comments on critical political events and moments, which coincide with major markers in her academic trajectory. Each of these historical and personal milestones becomes, then, the backdrop against which one can appreciate how much of her thinking and writing are critical reflections and analytical interventions on questions and themes that prevailed at a given juncture. Through Spillers's comments on what has animated her writings on the Black sermon, the flesh, psychoanalysis, and Black culture, for instance, we gather the image that is the most appropriate presentation of Black thought, which is that of thinking in the thick of it.
When Hortense Spillers and Toni Morrison Meet in the Clearing: The Hieroglyphics of Marking and Unmarking
Authors: Crawford Margo Natalie
Published: February 2024

This essay uncovers the ties between Hortense Spillers's theory and criticism and Toni Morrison's literature. Crawford's analysis of representations of “flesh” in “Mama's Baby, Papa's Maybe” (1987) and Beloved (1987) becomes a springboard for her analysis of other connections between Spillers and Morrison. This study of the conscious and unconscious dialogue between Spillers and Morrison pivots on Spillers's annotation of a draft of Morrison's play Dreaming Emmett (1985), Spillers's groundbreaking analysis of Morrison's Sula, Morrison's turn to theory in Paradise and Jazz, and Spillers's use of creative writing in her theory and criticism. Crawford reveals the direct and indirect conversations between Spillers and Morrison and their shared commitment to finding language that breaks the boundaries between analysis and experience.
To Put Afoot a New Black Woman: On Hortense Spillers and the Possibilities of Gender
Authors: Roach Shoniqua
Published: February 2024

This essay maps Hortense Spillers's figurations of the black woman across three essays published in the 1980s—“Interstices,” “An Order of Constancy,” and “Mama's Baby, Papa's Maybe”—to illustrate the myriad ways in which Spillers imagines black women as vital symbolic and material forces in the (re)production of New World spaces. Situating the US 1980s as a critical geo- and sociopolitical context for Black feminist, specifically Spillersian, knowledge production, this essay puts afoot a new Spillers, demonstrating how her critical value is not exclusively tied to her interventions into symbolic and material formations of Man but rather might also be measured through her theoretical efforts on behalf of, and insights into, diverse and polymorphous communities of (Black) feminists and women. By close-reading Spillers's visionary considerations of the perils and possibilities of gender, and with attention to critical innovations in Black (trans)feminist and queer studies, this essay (re)claims the Black woman—and, by extension, Black women—as the critical and material loci of Black feminisms.
Fathers and Daughters; or, Social Reproduction in the Anthropocene
Authors: Im Seo Hee
Published: February 2024

Critics have argued that contemporary literature and culture fail to offer compelling alternatives to a present marred by capitalist overdevelopment and environmental destruction. This essay finds counterevidence to that claim in recent dystopian fictions such as the films Blade Runner 2049, Interstellar, Children of Men, and Train to Busan and the novel The Children of Men, which prominently feature teamwork between fathers (or father surrogates) and daughters in a world where the human species faces possible extinction. Representing care work as heroism, these works not only seek to redefine what counts as professional competence in a crisis but further model the passage of power from an exhausted patriarchy to a younger generation of women more alert to the necessity of creating a world that values reproductive labor as much as, if not more than, productive labor.
Resection of a Recurrent Lumbar Chordoma With Intradural Extension and Complex Dural Repair: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Dada Abraham , Tawil Michael E. , Dietz Nicholas , Ambati Vardhaan S. , Chryssikos Timothy , Theologis Alekos A. , Mummaneni Praveen V.
Published: February 2024

Chordomas are derived from embryonic notochord remnants and comprise 1%–4% of all bone tumors.
1
Nearly all chordomas arise in the axial skeleton, with 50% in the sacrococcygeal region, 35% in the skull base and 15% within mobile spine vertebrae.
1,2
Regional recurrence after en bloc surgery is common and 30%–40% of patients develop metastatic disease.
3-6
In this operative video, we present a 41-year old man who previously underwent en bloc lateral L1 corpectomy and received high-dose hybrid photon and proton radiation therapy for treatment of his L1 chordoma. On surveillance imaging, 2 years post op MRI revealed recurrence of the chordoma, now extending to the L2–3 epidural space. Further radiation alone was considered but was not performed due to lack of separation between the tumor and neural elements, thus increasing the risk of radiation-induced neurological injury. Combination revision surgical resection with subsequent boost radiation therapy was pursued instead. The technical nuances to achieve complex ventral and dorsal dural repair after removal of a transdural lumbar chordoma are shown in detail. Postoperatively, the patient had no new neurological deficits. At 13 months postoperatively, he reports no new pain, can ambulate without assistance, and completed 33 treatments of radiation therapy with proton beam.

The patient consented to the procedure and to the publication of his image.
Structural and functional abnormalities of the tongue: An epidemiological study from a tertiary care center in India
Authors: Piplani Angela , Kumar Mathangi , Vineetha Ravindranath , Srinivasan Ranjanee , Pentapati Kalyana Chakravarthy
Published: February 2024

Background The tongue is a prominent muscular organ of the oral cavity and the integrity of the tongue mucosa frequently can reflect the overall health of an individual. Many notable structural and functional alterations can affect the tongue. These changes may be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Hence, the aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of structural and functional abnormalities of the tongue in a population reporting to a tertiary care center. We also assessed the prevalence of the normal variants and evaluated the normal tongue protrusion measurement in the study population. Methods The cross-sectional study included 1,143 dental outpatients above 18 years of age who visited the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology between October 2021 to February 2022. Demographic details of the patients were noted. Participants were asked questions regarding any symptoms or abnormalities noticed on the tongue. The tongue was examined thoroughly for any structural/ functional abnormalities. The maximal tongue protrusion for each participant was measured by asking them to extend their tongue out. Medical history, drug history, and social history were recorded. Results The study included 564 male and 579 female participants; tongue lesions were positive in 66.5% of the study population. Coated tongue (26.2%) was the most frequent structural abnormality that was noted in the present study. Taste dysfunction (4.6%) was the most frequent functional abnormality. The lesions were mostly in the anterior two-thirds (4.2%) of the tongue. Functional abnormalities of the tongue were noted in 8.7% of the study participants. Conclusions The results of the present study showed that structural and functional abnormalities of the tongue were present in 66.5% of the population. Careful and detailed evaluation of the tongue examination is mandated in routine dental checkups. This shall help in the prompt identification of various etiological factors causing structural and functional abnormalities of the tongue.
Assessment of the status of presentation and management of tuberculosis patients in central India
Authors: Saha Mitul , Chakole Swarupa
Published: February 2024

Tuberculosis (TB) continues to pose a notable public health issue not just within India but on a worldwide scale. Analyzing the causes of presentation, management, and treatment delays of tuberculosis can offer valuable understanding into local trends and aid in crafting specific approaches for the successful management of TB. This research involves a cross-sectional examination conducted among TB patients residing in the regions served by the District Tuberculosis Centre, Wardha, and the directly observed treatment short course center in Sawangi. Information will be collected using a standardized questionnaire endorsed by the World Health Organization.
Metabolomic characterization of human glioblastomas and patient plasma: a pilot study
Authors: Liu Yin Allison , Aboud Orwa , Dahabiyeh Lina A. , Bloch Orin , Fiehn Oliver
Published: February 2024

Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is a clinically challenging primary brain tumor with poor survival outcome despite surgical resection and intensive chemoradiation. The metabolic heterogeneity of GBM can become biomarkers for treatment response, resistance, and outcome prediction. The aim of the study is to investigate metabolic distinctions between primary and recurrent GBM tissue and patient plasma to establish feasibility for metabolic profiling. Methods A single-center cohort study analyzed tissue and blood samples from 15 patients with GBM using untargeted metabolomic/lipidomic assays. Metabolomic, lipidomic, and biogenic amine analyses were conducted on GBM tissue and patient plasma at diagnosis and recurrence using untargeted mass spectrometry. The study utilized a small but longitudinally collected cohort to evaluate alteration in metabolites, lipids, and biogenic amines between specimens at diagnosis and recurrence. Results Exploratory analysis revealed significant alteration in metabolites, lipids, and biogenic amines between diagnostic and recurrent states in both tumor and plasma specimens. Notable metabolites differed at recurrence, including N-alpha-methylhistamine, glycerol-3-phosphate, phosphocholine, and succinic acid in tissue, and indole-3-acetate, and urea in plasma. Principal component analysis revealed distinct metabolomic profiles between tumor tissue and patient plasma. Distinct metabolic profiles were observed in GBM tissue and patient plasma at recurrence, demonstrating the feasibility of using metabolomic methodologies for longitudinal studies. One patient exhibited a unique tumor resistance signature at diagnosis, possibly indicating a high-risk metabolomic phenotype. Conclusions In this small cohort, the findings suggest the potential of metabolomic signatures of GBM tissue and patient plasma for risk stratification, outcome prediction, and the development of novel adjuvant metabolic-targeting therapies. The findings suggest metabolic discrepancies at diagnosis and recurrence in tissue and plasma, highlighting potential implications for evaluation of clinical response. The identification of significant changes in metabolite abundance emphasizes the need for larger studies using targeted metabolomics to validate and further explore these profiles.
Data-Driven Compositional Optimization in Misspecified Regimes
Authors: Yang Shuoguang , Fang Ethan X. , Shanbhag Uday V.
Published: February 2024

With a manifold growth in the scale and intricacy of systems, the challenges of parametric misspecification become pronounced. These concerns are further exacerbated in compositional settings, which emerge in problems complicated by modeling risk and robustness. In “Data-Driven Compositional Optimization in Misspecified Regimes,” the authors consider the resolution of compositional stochastic optimization problems, plagued by parametric misspecification. In considering settings where such misspecification may be resolved via a parallel learning process, the authors develop schemes that can contend with diverse forms of risk, dynamics, and nonconvexity. They provide asymptotic and rate guarantees for unaccelerated and accelerated schemes for convex, strongly convex, and nonconvex problems in a two-level regime with extensions to the multilevel setting. Surprisingly, the nonasymptotic rate guarantees show no degradation from the rate statements obtained in a correctly specified regime and the schemes achieve optimal (or near-optimal) sample complexities for general T-level strongly convex and nonconvex compositional problems.
Anthracene and Pyrene Derivatives as Blue Fluorophores: Synthesis, Characterization and Photophysical Properties
Authors:   Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University under the Royal Patronage, Sa Kaeo Center, Sa Kaeo, 27000 Thailand, Kaewpuang Teadkait , Hadsadee Sarinya ,   Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Center for Organic, Electronic, and Alternative Energy, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand, Jungsuttiwong Siriporn ,   Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Center for Organic, Electronic, and Alternative Energy, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand, Khanasa Tanika ,   Department of General Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kasetsart University Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, Thailand
Published: February 2024

Ant hracene and pyrene derivatives have been widely studied as emitting materials in optoelectronic devices due to their excellent fluorescence properties. In the present study, two novel blue fluorophores from anthracene and pyrene (PAP and PTATP) were successfully synthesized using a Suzuki-cross coupling reaction and their photophysical properties were elucidated. PTATP with an extended p-conjugation system had a fluorescence emission maximum in green-blue region at 475 nm, whereas PAP, with a shorter conjugation length, emitted pure-blue emission peak at 442 nm. The study of absorption and emission spectra in various solvents found that both compounds produced solvent-independent spectra due to their non-polar molecules. In addition, the aggregation-caused quenching phenomenon was observed, when the emission spectra were recorded in high water fraction solvent.
Cambios estructurales en la volatilidad del crecimiento económico en Uruguay y los países del Mercosur
Authors: Lanzilotta Bibiana , Zunino Gonzalo , Mosteiro Rafael
Published: February 2024

This study investigates structural changes in the cyclical volatility of economic growth in Uruguay, Argentina, and Brazil between 1980 and 2018. Focusing on Uruguay, we analyze the presence of structural breaks in the cyclical volatility of GDP while controlling for international volatility, following the procedures originally applied in McConell & Pérez-Quiroz (2000) and Stock & Watson (2002; 2003). The results indicate that following the economic crisis of 2002, Uruguay underwent a shift in the cyclical volatility of GDP, resulting in a reduction of over 50%. Brazil experienced a break in cyclical volatility earlier, in 1994, while Argentina did not exhibit any breaks in its volatility. The results obtained for Uruguay dismiss the notion that the observed reduction in volatility is primarily attributed to a scenario of reduced external volatility, also known as the 'good luck hypothesis'.
Genetic diversity of black soldier flies in Vietnam based on DNA COI sequence
Authors: NGUYEN THI NHIEN , TRAN THI BINH NGUYEN , TRAN HOANG NAM
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Nguyen TN, Tran TBN, Tran HN. 2023. Genetic diversity of black soldier flies in Vietnam based on DNA COI sequence. Biodiversitas 24: 6727-6732. The Black Soldier Fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus, 1758), is found in temperate and tropical regions of the world. In recent years, BSF has been cultivated as fodder in some areas of Vietnam. The genetic diversity of BSF in Vietnam has not yet been assessed. This study aimed to investigate the nucleotide diversity in COI sequences of BSF in Vietnam. We examined the COI nucleotide sequences of 22 BSFs using flies or larval tissue samples for DNA extraction and subsequent sequencing. Our analysis showed that the nucleotide composition of BSF consisted of 25.36% A, 36.04% T, 21.25% C, and 17.35% G, with a significant prevalence of A+T nucleotides of 61.40% compared to 38.60% for G+C nucleotides. Among 22 individual BSFs samples collected from ten provinces and cities, spanning seven agro-ecological regions in Vietnam, we identified 9 different haplotypes, which were distributed in five clades but mainly clustered in two main clades: E and F. Clade E, prominently represented by branch E, showed a higher abundance in Asia, while Clade F has been identified in Europe, Uganda, South Korea, Oceania and North America. Our results highlight the relatively high genetic diversity of the Vietnamese BSF population. In addition, the COI nucleotide sequences of these Vietnamese BSF samples were similar to those of Asian and Australian countries, showing significant similarities to the Palearctic and Oriental regions. These results provide valuable insights to inform BSF breeding and development in Vietnam.
Agroforestry suitability evaluation using remote sensing in Jatiyoso Sub-district, Karanganyar District, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: NEGARI SNADA INDAH TUK , NINGTYAS SESILIA RETNO AYU , HANUN ZAHRA , SULTON MUHAMMAD NUR , KUSUMANINGRUM LIA , INDRAWAN MUHAMMAD , SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO , SUTOMO SUTOMO , SETYAWAN AHMAD DWI
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Negari SIT, Ningtyas SRA, Hanun Z, Sulton MN, Kusumaningrum L, Indrawan M, Sugiyarto, Sutomo, Setyawan AD. 2023. Agroforestry suitability evaluation using remote sensing in Jatiyoso Sub-district, Karanganyar District, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6761-6769. Agroforestry systems are critical for biodiversity conservation, land degradation mitigation, and climate change mitigation. This agroforestry approach reduces forest degradation, boosts food security, and gradually raises farmers' income. This study uses remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) modeling tools to analyze land potential and agroforestry status in Jatiyoso Sub-district, Karanganyar District, Central Java, Indonesia. The data used in the analysis support data for soil fertility index, rainfall, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) satellite image data, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Modeling was done by integrating various thematic layers in the GIS domain. Weighting was also carried out in the analysis of land suitability. The mapping results in Jatiyoso Sub-district, Karanganyar District, showed that 18.1% (13.49 km2) had high potential as agroforestry areas, 54.9% (40.95 km2) had medium potential, and 27% (20.18 km2) had low potential. As a result, using remote sensing and GIS to determine suitable land for agroforestry could significantly impact the community, particularly farmers, landowners, and foresters, in the decision-making process for developing agroforestry systems and practices and estimating important productivity indicators. The most promising and appropriate agroforestry plants developed in Jatiyoso Sub-district are medicinal plants, but agricultural commodities like cloves, bananas, and vegetables are also present.
First report on daily activity and feeding behavior of Javan hawk-eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi) in the protected forest of Kondang Merak Beach, Malang, Indonesia
Authors: ILMI ALIFANDI R. , LUTHFI MUHAMMAD , ELFIDASARI DEWI , HIDAYAT Y.S. , PRAWIRADILAGA DEWI M.
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Ilmi AR, Luthfi M, Elfidasari D, Hidayat YS, Prawiradilaga DM. 2023. First report on daily activity and feeding behavior of Javan hawk-eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi) in the protected forest of Kondang Merak Beach, Malang, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6770-6779. The Javan Hawk-Eagle (JHE) (Nisaetus bartelsi) is an endemic bird of prey (raptor) on Java Island that is increasingly threatened due to land conversion, habitat destruction, and illegal hunting. These factors have led to its classification as a critically endangered species. There is a need to monitor one of the natural conservation areas in the southern region of East Java, namely the protected forest of Kondang Merak Beach, which serves as a habitat for Javan hawk-eagle to preserve the existence of this species. Therefore, this research aimed to understand and identify the daily activity and feeding behavior of Javan hawk-eagle in the protected forest of Kondang Merak Beach, Malang, East Java. The implication of this research is to provide ecological data for further research and disseminate information to the community to support conservation efforts of Javan hawk-eagle species in the protected forest of Kondang Merak Beach area. The methods used included field surveys, observation of daily activity and feeding behavior, collection of daily temperature data, habitat assessment, disturbance assessment, and interviews. Based on the observation of daily activity, the percentage of perching behavior was 71%, while flying behavior was 29%. The peak flying activity occurred between 9:00 and 12:00. Environmental factors such as temperature, rainfall, and human activities influenced daily activity in the conversation area. The observation of feeding behavior showed that the highest frequency belonged to the category of 23 occurrences, where the peak occurred between 14:00 and 17:00. Furthermore, the activity was affected by nesting seasons and the presence of other raptor species besides Javan hawk-eagle.
Indigenous filamentous fungi isolated from zirconia processing wastewater as a potential biosorbent for aqueous thorium(IV) ions
Authors: YAZID MOCHAMMAD , BASTIANUDIN ARIS , OCTAVIA BERNADETTA , PUTRA TITAN DWIKAMA , RACHMANI LUTHFIA DWI , PUTRI KHOIRIA NUR ATIKA
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Yazid M, Bastianudin A, Octavia B, Putra TD, Rachmani LD, Putri KNA. 2023. Indigenous filamentous fungi isolated from zirconia processing wastewater as a potential biosorbent for aqueous thorium(IV) ions. Biodiversitas 24: 6825-6835. This research focused on exploring indigenous thorium-tolerant fungal isolated from zirconia processing wastewater as a biosorbent for thorium. The objective of present study was to isolate, purify, identify, and analyze the selected capabilities of indigenous fungal biomass in adsorbing thorium from aqueous solution, with the aim of obtaining valuable technical data for its application as a bioremediation agent for technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive material (TENORM) wastewater containing thorium. The results showed that total five indigenous fungal isolates, namely two isolates of Penicillium sp. (T2, T4), Rhizoctonia sp. (T3), Mycelia sterilia (T5), and Aspergillus sp. (T6) were isolated from the samples. The result of tolerance index values revealed that two isolates i.e., Penicillium sp. (T2), Penicillium sp. (T4) and a Mycelia sterilia (T5) exhibited high tolerance, while Rhizoctonia sp. (T3) and Aspergillus sp. (T6) showed very high tolerance to thorium. Consequently, Rhizoctonia sp. (T3) was selected for the biosorption study based on the highest tolerance index value obtained. The optimal pH for biosorption was found to be 4 with 30 minutes of contact time and an 80°C temperature. The optimal biosorption efficiency with initial concentrations of 50 and 100 ppm was 97.53 and 90.88%, respectively. In conclusion, based on the obtained technical data, the Rhizoctonia sp. (T3) biomass shows significant potential as a bioremediation agent for wastewater containing thorium.
First microphological and molecular parasitological survey of Benedenia in humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) of Lampung and Situbondo, Indonesia
Authors: AMIIN MUHAMMAD KHOLIQUL , SUBEKTI SRI , MASITHAH ENDANG DEWI , NIRMALA DWITHA , YUNUS MUCHAMMAD , SANTANUMURTI MUHAMMAD BROWIJOYO , RIVAIE ARIEF RAHMAN
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Amiin MK, Subekti S, Masithah ED, Nirmala D, Yunus M, Santanumurti MB, Rivaie AR. 2023. First microphological and molecular parasitological survey of Benedenia in humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) of Lampung and Situbondo, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6858-6867. Capsalid monogenean infections, such as Benedenia, affect grouper aquaculture production. Benedenia will cause lesions and skin damage which will cause fish prices to drop. Secondary infection from bacteria, viruses, and fungi by Benedenia triggers a slow growth rate and even mortality. Benedenia infection on grouper has been conducted in Indonesia, specifically in this study in Lampung and Situbondo. However, molecular identification of this parasite is still lacking. This study aims to determine the microscopic and molecular characteristics of Benedenia from the Hurun Bay waters of Lampung and the North Coast of the Java Sea, Situbondo. The main parameters observed in this study were DNA base sequence, morphology, and phylogenetic tree. Benedenia from Lampung (637 bp) and Situbondo (741 bp) in this study was confirmed by the morphological and molecular close as Benedenia sargocentron with nucleotides. Interestingly, the similarity was less than 98% with B. sargocentron with accession ID JN797597.1 (similarity of 97.15% from Lampung and 86.33% from Situbondo). It could be indicated as a new species of Benedenia. The prevalence of Benedenia in Lampung was 90%, while Situbondo showed 80% with 3 parasite/fish intensity for each location. The outcome of this study is the characteristics of Benedenia from Lampung and Situbondo were similar to B. sargocentron according to morphological and molecular identification. This is the first report of B. sargocentron from Lampung and Situbondo since no molecular identification has been done in those places to confirm their species. Further research by another molecular target apart from 28S rRNA should be needed to identify this parasite more accurately.
Genetic diversity of Metarhizium sp. isolated from various hosts in East Dumoga, North Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: SIAHAAN PARLUHUTAN , MANGAIS ROWLAND ERVAN RUSFANDI , KOLONDAM BEIVY , TANGAPO AGUSTINA , MAMBU SUSAN
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Siahaan P, Mangais RER, Kolondam B, Tangapo A, Mambu S. 2023. Genetic diversity of Metarhizium sp. isolated from various hosts in East Dumoga, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6888-6896. Metarhizium fungus is an entomopathogenic fungus known to kill many insect pests. This means that Metarhizium sp. has an important ecological role in the ecosystem, especially in controlling insect populations and recycling nutrients. Studying the genetic diversity of Metarhizium species and their relationships with insect hosts provides insight into pest management and the study of their taxonomy. The study aimed to investigate the genetic variability among Metarhizium fungi by examining their respective host types, which can be used as basic data for taxonomic studies, germplasm conservation efforts, and pest management. Exploration results showed that three insect species were infected with the Metarhizium sp fungus, namely Scotinophara coarctata, Nilaparvata lugens, and Recilia dorsalis. The results of a phylogenetic analysis has shown that the S. coarctata isolate was in the same group as four comparable Metarhizium anisopliae isolates from GenBank with a similarity level of 100%, while the N. lugens and R. dorsalis isolates were in the same group as four Metarhizium huainamdangense isolates with a similarity level. 99% and three isolates of Metarhizium flavoviride with 98% similarity. Molecular analysis confirmed that the Metarhizium isolated from S. coarctata was the M. anisopliae species, while those isolated from N. lugens and R. dorsalis were the M. huainamdangense species. Differences in host insects have been proven to provide genetic variation to the Metarhizium sp. fungus.
Molecular characterization of red ginger varieties (Zingiber officinale Roxb. var. rubrum) by DNA markers
Authors: YUNITA OEKE , FADHILAH NUR AINI , PRAMADIYANTI SARI , JONATAN SIMON
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Yunita O, Fadhilah NA, Pramadiyanti S, Jonatan S. 2023. Molecular characterization of red ginger varieties (Zingiber officinale Roxb. var. rubrum) by DNA markers. Biodiversitas 24: 6905-6913. Red ginger (Zingiber officinale Roxb. var. rubrum) rhizomes have been traditionally used in Indonesia to increase human health. Therefore, the assurance of raw material quality holds significant importance in the industrial application of red ginger. The primary step in ensuring the quality, safety, and effectiveness of the final product in the industrial environment is the identification of plants used as raw materials for supplements and herbal medications. DNA-based molecular characterization approaches have been specifically developed to aid in the identification of herbal raw materials prior to their application in production processes. Based on the findings derived from the conducted research, the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique can be employed to amplify the DNA isolates of red ginger rhizome samples. The results obtained from the PCR-RAPD amplification of DNA samples extracted from red ginger plants indicated that 90.48% of the total 147 bands seen exhibited polymorphism. The findings suggest a tendency for DNA banding patterns derived from red ginger samples planted in the same geographic area to display clustering tendencies.
Mitigation of wildlife disturbance at oil and gas industry electrical facilities in Riau Province, Indonesia
Authors: SUWONDO SUWONDO , DARMADI DARMADI , ROZA DEFRI , MURDIYA FRI , OKTARIANDA REBY , RISAUNDI DODI DWI
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Suwondo, Darmadi, Roza D, Murdiya F, Oktarianda R, Risaundi DD. 2023. Mitigation of wildlife disturbance at oil and gas industry electrical facilities in Riau Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6914-6922. Electrical facilities in the oil and gas industry often experience interference from wildlife, disrupting oil and gas operational activities. Solutions are required to mitigate these disturbances. This research analyzes the level of wildlife disturbance in electrical facilities in the oil and gas industry and their mitigation. This research used a survey method with purposive random sampling; the observation was carried out in the work area of Pertamina Hulu Rokan Company, Riau Province, Indonesia. The data obtained are primary and secondary, and the parameters measured consist of population, behavior, disturbance, and mitigation of disturbance to wildlife. A total of 38 species of wild animals were found, consisting of the mammal group (5 species), the reptile group (3 species), and the aves group (30 species). The population of long-tailed monkey (Macaca fascicularis) is the largest species of mammal found (1,500 individuals), and the most common daily behaviors of macaques are climbing (22.5%), eating (17.5%), and playing (15%). There were 169 incidents of wildlife disturbance at the WK Rokan electrical facility, with the most disturbance caused by macaques at 111 incidents. Disturbance from wildlife has a linear positive interaction with wildlife mortality around oil and gas industry electrical facilities. Mitigation is conducted as follows: isolating/eliminating the presence of wild animals in affected facilities/locations, building barriers against wild animals around electrical facilities, and providing repellents.
Antibacterial activities and molecular identification of endophytic fungi isolated from mangrove Avicennia marina
Authors: MULYANI YENI , WULANDARI ASRI PENI , SINAGA SISKA ELISAHBET , SAFRIANSYAH WAHYU , AZHARI AZMI , PURBAYA SARI , ABDULLAH FAJAR FAUZI , FARABI KINDI , SHIONO YOSHIHITO , SUPRATMAN UNANG
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Mulyani Y, Wulandari AP, Sinaga SE, Safriansyah W, Azhari A, Purbaya S, Abdullah FF, Farabi K, Shiono Y, Supratman U. 2023. Antibacterial activities and molecular identification of endophytic fungi isolated from mangrove Avicennia marina. Biodiversitas 24: 6923-6933. This research explored the antibacterial potential of endophytic fungi from the Avicennia marina's (Forssk.) Vierh leaves, stem bark, and root, located in Blanakan, Subang District, West Java. The screening process for antibacterial activity potential was conducted using the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. Subsequently, the molecular screening results of the most promising fungi species were identified using Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) markers. The results revealed the isolation of 30 fungal isolates. Among these, seven endophytic fungi exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Vibrio harveyi ATCC 5339, with inhibition zones ranging from 7.88±1.52 to 23.60±0.77 mm. Through molecular identification, 7 endophytic fungi were identified, including Penicillium chrysogenum, Cladosporium anthropophilum, Trichosporon asahii, Cladosporium sphaerospermum, Fusarium verticillioides, Meyerozyma carpophila, and Penicillium steckii. Notably, C. anthropophilum exhibited the highest inhibition zones against S. aureus and V. harveyi measuring 23.60±0.77 and 21.80±0.26 mm, and showed (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) MIC values of 15.625±0.98 and 31.25±0.39 ?g/mL, respectively. In this study, endophytic fungi isolated from different parts of A. marina exhibited promising antibacterial activity, with Cladosporium anthropophilum from the stem bark showing the highest potency against S. aureus and V. harveyi, suggesting their potential as a source of antibacterial agents. To the best of our knowledge, this is the inaugural study uncovering the isolation and antibacterial potential of endophytic fungi from the genera Cladosporium, Trichosporon, Fusarium, and Meyerozyma. These fungi were extracted from the bark, leaves, and roots of A. marina, situated within the unique mangrove ecosystem of Blanakan Sub-district, Subang District, West Java, Indonesia.