bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disordered eating behaviour is not associated with sexual risk taking behaviour amongst emerging adults attending a tertiary education institution in Coastal Kenya: a latent class analysis approach
Authors: Chea Stevenson K. , Kazienga Adama , Oyugi Eunice A. , Menza Isaac , Nasambu Carophine , Ibrahim Fauz , Abdullahi Osman A. , Hassan Amin S. , Abubakar Amina , Michielsen Kristien , Abbeddou Souheila
Published: February 2023

Background
Sexual risk-taking behavior (SRTB) is a well-documented pathway to HIV acquisition in emerging adults (EmA) and remains common amongst African EmA. We aimed to describe the relationship between disordered eating behavior (DEB) and SRTB amongst EmA attending a tertiary educational institution at the Kenyan Coast.
Methods
We applied a cross-sectional design nested in a young adults’ cohort study. Eligibility included sexually active EmA aged 18-24 years. Three DEBs (emotional, restrained and external eating) were assessed using the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire and analyzed using exploratory factor analysis. Seven SRTB indicators were assessed: i) non-condom use ii) casual sex iii) multiple sex partners iv) transactional sex v) group sex vi) age-disparate relationship and vii) anal sex, and grouped into low vs. high SRTB using latent class analysis. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between DEB and SRTB.
Results
Of 273 eligible participants (female, n =110 [40.3%]), the mean [SD] of emotional, restrained and external eating was 1.9 [0.6], 2.0 [0.6] and 3.0 [0.5] respectively. Overall, 57 (20.9%) were grouped into the latent high SRTB class. Emotional (Adjusted odds ratio {AOR [95% confidence interval, CI]: 1.0 [0.9 – 1.0], p = 0.398), restrained (AOR, 1.0 [CI: 0.9 – 1.1], p = 0.301) and External (AOR, 1.0 [CI: 0.8 – 1.2], p = 0.523) eating were not independently associated with latent high SRTB.
Conclusion
There was no significant association between DEB and SRTB. More studies in different African settings are needed to validate our findings in order to lay a strong evidence base for public health interventions on SRTB in this and similar settings.
Influence of droplet size on the antibacterial efficacy of citral and citronella oil nanoemulsions in polysaccharide coated fresh-cut apples
Authors: Touayar Mounir , Zayani Rania , Messaoud Chokri , Salman Hesham
Published: February 2023

Fresh-cut fruits are highly perishable and susceptible to bacterial contamination; thus, effective preservation methods are necessary to extend their shelf-life and improve quality.
Polysaccharides edible coating loaded with essential oil nanoemulsions have the potential to extend shelf life and improve quality. The effectiveness of this approach is dependent on the properties of the nanoemulsions, such as droplet size (DS) and stability. This study optimized the production of citral (CT) and citronella oil (CTO) nanoemulsions (CT-CTO-NEs) for use in fresh-cut apples, with a focus on the effect of DS on antibacterial efficacy.
After testing different combinations of surfactants tween 80 (TW 80) and co-surfactants Propylene Glycol (PG), the results showed that the optimal CT-CTO-NEs had droplets size of less than 500 nm and were stable for 3 weeks at 4ºC. The highest antibacterial activity against Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli was observed with the smallest DS (< 100 nm). This study highlights the importance of DS in the efficacy of essential oil nanoemulsions as an antibacterial coating for fresh-cut fruits. The smaller the droplet size, the better the antibacterial activity.
Types of Annihilator in LPW-Algebras
Authors: Indhumathi M.
Published: February 2023

The aim of this paper is to expand the idea of annihilators in ℒ𝒫𝒲-Algebras. We introduce the definition of annihilators. And also, we introduce the definitions of Normal, (⇁,↬)− Normal and (↬,⇁)−Normal 𝒫𝒲𝐼-ideals. We obtain some characterizations and several basic properties of annihilators. Moreover we investigate the relationship between 𝑓̈(𝑆́(⇁,↬)) and (𝑓̈ (𝑆́))(⇁,↬) for a homomorphism of ℒ𝒫𝒲-Algebras.
Mathematical Subject classification: 03B05, 03G10, 06B10, 06B75
THE EFFECT OF ALLOXAN-INDUCED HYPERGLYCEMIA ON THE RENAL CORTEX
Authors: Frolova Sofia , Gordienko Olena , Yarmolenko Olha
Published: February 2023

About 422 million people in the world suffer from diabetes mellitus. Among diseases, diabetes ranks third, and among endocrine disorders, it ranks first. Some issues concerning the pathogenesis of this disease are unclear. The main reason for diabetes damage is high blood glucose levels. Hyperglycaemia has a toxic effect on the vessels of the kidneys. The present study aims to investigate the impact of alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus on the remodeling of the renal cortex.
Materials and methods. We divided twenty-four mature white male rats into the control and experimental groups. We administered alloxan to experimental animals intraperitoneally at a single dose of 40 mg/kg. Blood glucose levels were measured 2, 12, and 24 hours after injection of alloxan and then weekly. The average glucose level remained 11.0 ± 2.0 mmol/l. Animals were sacrificed on days 14, 21, and 45. We stained histological preparations of kidneys with hematoxylin and eosin. The selected dose of alloxan and the method of its administration caused persistent hyperglycemia in rats and did not lead to their death.
Results. On the 14th day, the diseased kidney had a thickening of the glomerular capillary walls. Nephrons had a spherical shape with a slightly uneven surface. On the 21st day of the observation, it was more difficult to distinguish the cortex from the medulla. On the 45th day, the distal tubules lost their usual shape, became thinner, and were difficult to distinguish from other tubules by histological preparation. The cortex became spongy due to cystic dilation of the tubules.
Conclusions. All components of the renal cortex underwent daily changes. At the early stages of the experiment, it looked much denser compared to the cortical layer of the kidneys of animals in the control group. The number of subcapsular nephrons visually increased, and the renal capsule thickened. In the later period of the experiment, dilatation and blood fullness of glomerular capillary with their leukocyte infiltration were observed. In addition, there was a cystic expansion of the tubules, due to which the cortical layer of the kidney looked like a sponge.
THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON MENTAL HEALTH OF MEDICAL STUDENTS: GENDER ASPECTS
Authors: Inshyna Nataliia , Chorna Inna , Hrebenyk Liudmyla , Primova Liudmyla
Published: February 2023

Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting decline in social communication have negatively affected many people’s mental health, especially young people. This research aimed to investigate the mental health of Sumy State University medical students during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study was conducted from September 2020 to May 2021.
Materials and Methods. The second-year students of the Academic and Research Medical Institute of Sumy State University participated in the study – 100 female and 100 male students. The average age of the students was 18–22 years. The mental health of the medical students was examined using the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). The total scores for mental health, psychosomatic symptoms, anxiety, insomnia, social dysfunction, and depression were investigated. The experimental data were analyzed using PAST statistical software v4.05. The research was conducted in compliance with the WMA Declaration of Helsinki’s “Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects” after obtaining consent from all participants.
Results and Discussion. It was found that the COVID-19 pandemic caused mental health disorders in 63.5 % of medical students. There was no significant difference in the total GHQ score (> 8) between men and women. Social dysfunction occurred to be the most common mental health disorder in medical students. Somatic symptoms, anxiety, social dysfunction, and depression were observed in 37.5 %, 49 %, 64 %, and 14 % of medical students, respectively. The prevalence of social dysfunction and depression was higher in men than women.
Conclusion. It was established that men experienced more significant disturbances in mental health than women during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methodological and interpretive aspects of the historical significance of Machiavelli’s “The Prince” in the context of the development of the theory of absolutism.
Authors: Saranov S.V.
Published: February 2023

The article examines the methodological and interpretive aspects of the historical significance of Machiavelli’s “The Prince” in the context of the development of the theory of absolutism. The author states that the analysis of “The Prince” at the methodological level should be carried out taking into account the complex political reality in Italy in the early modern period under the conditions of the political dependence of Italian rulers on foreign (European) states after 1494. When substantiating the key historical circumstances that determine the relationship between “The Prince” and the realities of the studied era, the concept of “hegemony” from the political theory of Antonio Gramsci, the assessments of the Swiss cultural historian Jacob Burkhardt, the philosopher and historian Benedetto Croce, and the British historian Nicholas Henschell are used. It is indicated that the critical view of the German-American political philosopher Leo Strauss deserves special attention. From the point of view of author, it is possible to assert that an appendix of general methodological principles of estimations Strauss of Маchiavelli’s is to productive in wide sense of development of social and political idea of early Moderne time. Criticism of Strauss of relatively key aspects of approach of Machiavell’s is not able to replace the fact of faithful estimation Strauss of essence of looks of флорентинского thinker. Machiavelli really accomplishes a break with classic tradition of political idea, in the light of what even the later interpretations of “Sovereign”, created already after Leo Strauss, are not able to shake loyalty of his estimations. So, interpretation of Quentin Skinner’s, one of founders of Cambridge “school of concepts”, is based on aspiration to step back from «textualization» interpretation of «The Prince» pushing off from the presence of “republican ideal”. The position of Quentin Skinner, wired for sound to them on the pages of his works, is not capable in turn, in our view, to undermine the basic moments of approach of Leo Strauss.
RELIGIOUS MODERATION IN AN EASTERN JAVANESE TOWN
Authors: Zuhri Syaifudin
Published: February 2023

This article is a result of a massive survey conducted in Tulungagung, a south-eastern Javanese middle town in the early 2022. The survey involves 2569 data collectors that successfully, following a series of data cleansing, reported refined 7140 data survey. The article is a descriptive analytic which shows the views of respondents of the survey. They are leaders in many Javanese villages in the city which include religious leaders (RL), leaders of community (LC), and young leaders (YL). The survey addresses four important issues that have been officially recognised as the official four pillars of religious moderation (moderasi beragama), namely commitment for Indonesian nationalism, tolerance, anti-violence, acceptance to local cultures. The survey finds that there has been no worrying indicator threatening the four pillars of moderasi beragama and argues that a challenge for religious pluralism in contemporary Java lies at the coexistence between groups within the same religion. It also suggests that “moderating the moderate” has been a key challenge for the state’s initiative of moderasi beragama, otherwise the project becomes obsolete.
Optimization of supercritical fluid CO2 extraction of Opoponax essential oil (C. erythraea)
Authors: DURAK Fatih , AYDIN Aydın , SÖKMEN Münevver
Published: February 2023

Essential oil of Opoponax (Commiphora erythraea) was extracted by means of steam distillation and supercritical CO2 (SFE-CO2) extraction. Experiments were performed using a Clevenger-type apparatus. On the other hand, SFE-CO2 runs were carried out using OCOLABS extraction unit at the operating conditions of 150, 200, and 250 bars and within temperature range from 50 to 65 °C. Other extraction parameters such as particle size and extraction period were also investigated in order to validate their effect on the processes and the oil yield. The extraction yields were almost similar (2.46%) for the optimized SFE-CO2 at 250 bar, 65 oC, and 2 hr, and 2.45% for the steam distillation. Our findings confirmed that the grinding of the material (particle size), pressure, and temperature had an important effect on the SFE-CO2 extraction process. GC/MS analyses revealed that major compounds, namely α-santalene, α and β-bisabolone, and trans-alpha-bergamotene were of similar quantities except for ocimene. α-Santalene concentration was 7.15% for steam distillation and 15.32% for SFE-CO2 at the abovementioned conditions.
Biological activities of different plant species belonging to the Asteraceae family
Authors: GÜÇLÜ Gülşen , İNANIR Merve , UÇAR Esra , ERUYGUR Nuraniye , ATAŞ Mehmet , USKUTOĞLU Tansu , COŞGE ŞENKAL Belgin
Published: February 2023

Achillea biebersteinii and Anthemis tinctoria, which are widely distributed species of the Asteraceae family, are used in folk medicine in the form of herbal tea or extract in the treatment of many diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical content, antimicrobial, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitor activities and cytotoxic effects of 80% ethanol extract of these two species and make a comparative analysis. In accordance with the data obtained, the major component of A. biebersteinii was determined as Cyclododecane (14.47%), while that of A. tinctoria was determined as Phytol (23.15%). A. biebersteinii, which showed moderate activity in terms of antimicrobial activity, produced more active inhibition than A. tinctoria did. Both plants showed high levels of antioxidant activity. The total phenol and total flavonoid contents of A. tinctoria were higher than those of A. biebersteinii. It was determined that there was no significant activity when the extracts were compared with galanthamine, which is the reference drug in terms of enzyme inhibitory activity. When the in vitro anticancer activity of human breast cancer cell line was examined, it was determined that A. tinctoria had a cytotoxic effect at high concentrations (IC50;0.82mg/mL), and A. biebersteinii showed strong cytotoxicity at all concentrations (IC50;<0.0625mg/mL). These two plants of the same family were evaluated in terms of many different biological parameters and it was revealed that A. biebersteinii was more active than A. tinctoria. However, in vivo studies are needed to determine whether these plants can be used as phytotherapeutic agents.
How do companies respond to consumer advocacy behavior in their digital marketing strategies?
Authors: Ikhwan Setiawan Ahmad
Published: February 2023

This study aims to confirm whether the series of marketing strategies designed by companies have followed the consumer process in product consumption with reference to the stages of the 5As: aware, appeal, ask, act, and advocate. Companies respond to these stages by implementing five market interventions: consumer affinitive direction, touch power strengthening, market preference enhancement, loyalty retain quality, and e-advocacy leverage capacity. An empirical analysis using AMOS was carried out on 352 online-based culinary business operators in Indonesia, a field that has experienced massive expansion during the Covid-19 pandemic. From the results of this analysis, it can be concluded that although the market interventions do not follow the exact same process as the 5A concept, in general, the stages followed by companies in online product marketing are compatible and parallel to those in the consumer process of product consumption. The various concepts of digital marketing strategies contribute conceptually to enhance the scope of e-advocacy theory from the perspective of strategic marketing, a field that has received limited research attention.
AcknowledgmentI would like to acknowledge the support of the Research and Community Service Institute, Sebelas Maret University (SMU) Indonesia, which helped me fund and publish this study. I also express my appreciation to several undergraduate students, members of the research group of Behavioral Marketing, SMU, who have assisted in disseminating and collecting the data. Finally, I appreciate my lecturer colleagues from the Management Department of the Faculty of Economics and Business, SMU, who were always enthusiastically involved in discussing the problems and phenomena in this analysis.
STABLE ISOTOPES OF OXYGEN AND HYDROGEN IN WATER: ANALYTICAL METHOD EVALUATION AND THE DETERMINATION OF δ18O AND δ2 H ON A CONTROL SAMPLE
Authors: Martins André , Koester Edinei , Rosalino Leandro , Bernardo Ronaldo , Leitzke Felipe
Published: February 2023

Evaluation studies contribute to the identification of parameters that can affect the accuracy and precision of analytical methods. This study describes the analysis of δ18O and δ2H in water samples by the equilibrium method at the Isotope Geology Laboratory (LGI), Center for studies in Petrology and Geochemistry (CPGq) of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). For that, six batches of analyzes were carried out under different ambient temperature conditions. For the reproducibility tests, four aliquots of the control sample were analyzed at the Polar Climate Center (CPC). Results showed that ambient temperature did not significantly affect the accuracy of the oxygen analysis. However, the mean result at 20 °C showed greater accuracy and acceptable precision. Hydrogen analyzes at a room temperature of 18 °C showed an external standard deviation and an internal precision exceeding the recommended, while at 20 and 22 °C the results were statistically acceptable, being the first more accurate. From that, it is possible to conclude that the determination of δ18O and δ2H in water at the LGI, employing the equilibrium method at an ambient temperature of 20 °C, showed satisfactory repeatability and reproducibility.
The impacts of the wetness–dryness encountering of the upstream inflow and downstream salt intrusion on water supply in coastal urban agglomeration
Authors: He Yanhu , Zhang Zhaoyi , Lin Zhuliang , Cai Yanpeng , Chen Xiaohong
Published: February 2023

In the current study, to investigate the impacts of the wetness–dryness encountering of the upstream inflow and downstream salt intrusion on the water supply of the Pearl River Delta, we developed a water evaluation and planning (WEAP)-based water resources allocation model to calculate water supply schemes for the Pearl River Delta under 10 different scenarios. The impact of the scenarios on the water supply scheme of the Pearl River Delta was investigated. The results showed that (1) the water shortage of the Pearl River Delta is highly dependent upon the dryness combination of the upstream runoff during the dry period, in particular to the cities at the Pearl River Delta estuary, the water shortages are seriously influenced by saltwater intrusion; and (2) the water transfer projects could alleviate the water supply pressure of the Pearl River Delta when there is an extreme or more dryness encounter of upstream runoff. However, when extreme dryness events are impacting the upstream runoff of the West River, the impact of the water transfer projects is weakened and much of the critical upstream runoff for saltwater suppression cannot be satisfied, which largely impacts water withdrawals at the downstream cities in the Pearl River Delta estuary.
Capacity characteristics of the underground water reservoir of an open-pit coalmine: a case study in Baorixile
Authors: Wang Yukai , Liu Xiaoli , Pang Bo , Li Yanfei , Cao Zhiguo
Published: February 2023

Water storage capacity has always been the core component of the underground water reservoir in open-pit coalmines. Taking the western underground water reservoir of Baorixile open-pit coalmine as the research background, boreholes in the waste dump overlying the underground water reservoir were designed and drilled, and the capacity characteristics of the underground water reservoir were studied by a layered summation method. These test results revealed that: (1) the regional strata from shallow to deep are the near-surface loose layer, upper bench loess, mixed stripping material, glutenite water reservoir layer and rubble collecting ditch; and the glutenite water reservoir layer is the main water storage body of the underground water reservoir. (2) Permeability coefficient, porosity, layered and cumulative water storage of the western underground water reservoir in Baorixile open-pit coalmine increase with the elevation increase, and show a quadratic function relationship. (3) The total storage capacity of the underground water reservoir is 1.2234 Mm3, and the average porosity is 0.1003, that is, each volume of the water storage medium can store 0.1003 volume of water. These results provide a scientific basis for the evaluation and determination of the water storage capacity of the underground water reservoir in open-pit coalmines.
Application of wavelet theory to enhance the performance of machine learning techniques in estimating water quality parameters (case study: Gao-Ping River)
Authors: Chen Tzu-Chia
Published: February 2023

There are several methods for modeling water quality parameters, with data-based methods being the focus of research in recent decades. The current study aims to simulate water quality parameters using modern artificial intelligence techniques, to enhance the performance of machine learning techniques using wavelet theory, and to compare these techniques to other widely used machine learning techniques. EC, Cl, Mg, and TDS water quality parameters were modeled using artificial neural network (ANN) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). The study area in the present research is Gao-ping River in Taiwan. In the training state, using hybrid models with wavelet transform improved the accuracy of ANN models from 8.1 to 22.5% and from 25.7 to 55.3% in the testing state. In addition, wavelet transforms increased the ANFIS model's accuracy in the training state from 6.7 to 18.4% and in the testing state from 9.9 to 50%. Using wavelet transform improves the accuracy of machine learning model results. Also, the WANFIS (Wavelet-ANFIS) model was superior to the WANN (Wavelet-ANN) model, resulting in more precise modeling for all four water quality parameters.
Enhancing Oral Bioavailability of Domperidone Maleate: Formulation,
In vitro Permeability Evaluation In-caco-2 Cell Monolayers and In situ Rat
Intestinal Permeability Studies
Authors: Okur Neslihan Üstündağ , Çağlar Emre Şefik , Kaynak Mustafa Sinan , Diril Mine , Özcan Saniye , Karasulu Hatice Yeşim
Published: February 2023

Background:

The domperidone maleate, a lipophilic agent classified as a Biopharmaceutical
Classification System Class II substance with weak water solubility. Self- Emulsifying Drug Delivery
System is a novel approach to improve water solubility and, ultimately bioavailability of drugs.

Objective:

This study aimed to develop and characterize new domperidone-loaded self-emulsifying drug
delivery systems as an alternative formulation and to evaluate the permeability of domperidone-loaded
self-emulsifying drug delivery systems by using Caco-2 cells and via single-pass intestinal perfusion
method.

Methods:

Three self-emulsifying drug delivery systems were prepared and characterized in terms of pH,
viscosity, droplet size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, conductivity, etc. Each formulation underwent
10, 100, 200, and 500 times dilution in intestinal buffer pH 6.8 and stomach buffer pH 1.2, respectively.
Female Sprague Dawley rats were employed for in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion investigations.

Results:

Results of the study revealed that the ideal self-emulsifying drug delivery systems formulation
showed narrow droplet size, ideal zeta potential, and no conductivity. Additionally, as compared to the
control groups, the optimum formulation had better apparent permeability (12.74 ± 0.02×10-4) from
Caco-2 cell monolayer permeability experiments. The study also revealed greater Peff values (2.122 ±
0.892×10-4 cm/s) for the optimal formulation from in situ intestinal perfusion analyses in comparison to
control groups (Domperidone; 0.802 ± 0.418×10-4 cm/s).

Conclusion:

To conclude, prepared formulations can be a promising way of oral administration of Biopharmaceutical
Classification System Class II drugs.
Bibliometric Analysis of Research in Pediatrics Related to Virtual and
Augmented Reality: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kacmaz Kevser Sevik , Kaçmaz Cihangir
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

The amount of research exploring the use of virtual reality (VR) and aug-mented reality (AR) technologies in health care has exploded. This has resulted in a massive body of work, making it difficult to obtain all of the research. The objective of this study was to map out and put together the scientific output of research and global trends in virtual and AR in pediatrics.

Methods:

Publications were collected from the Web of Science (WoS) database. The R tool was used to categorize and evaluate the research outputs, as well as the most productive and influential countries, journals, institutions, authors, articles, subject areas, and the latest research themes. The most utilized and co-occurring keywords were also examined. Texts, tables, and images were used to assess and describe the retrieval of findings.

Results:

The research was based on information from 7423 publications. The strongest growth in publications occurred in 2020. The most productive and influential country was the USA. The jour-nal was Pediatrics, the author was G Riva, and the institution was the University of Washington. The most frequently occurring keywords were simulation, rehabilitation, and stroke. The main re-search themes were therapy, surgical education, and rehabilitation. Pain, stroke, anxiety, depression, fear, dementia, and neurodegenerative illnesses were all common medical issues investigated.

Conclusion:

VR studies have mainly focused on surgical education or procedures, simulation technologies,
and neurological conditions. Neurological conditions are linked to balance, gait, and rehabilitation,
reflecting the prevalence of these disease groups.

:

This article provides a thorough overview of VR and AR studies in the healthcare field. This work
will allow academics, policymakers, and practitioners to gain a deeper understanding of the evolution
of VR and AR studies in the healthcare field and its potential practical implications. Future VR
and AR research should focus on bridging the gap between VR and AR healthcare research and
clinical applications. Emerging trends in related fields, such as navigation, rehabilitation, stroke,
dementia, and VR exposure therapy, should be given special attention.
Picoscience: Picotechnology’s Advent in Health and Medicine
Authors: Bhagawati Hrishikesh , Kashyap Sarma Mrinal , Talukder Abhijita , Das Sumanjit , Nath Debabrata
Published: February 2023

As the human race evolves, numerous diseases have dominated humans, causing scientists to
encounter myriad challenges with formulations. To rectify these issues, Nanoparticle (10-9 m) formulation
approach or nanotechnology has been developed. Since nanoparticles have legion benefits, encompassing
better bioavailability, target-specific, confined, accurate dose delivery, and increased surface area,
are pertinent for effective treatment. Toxicity, inflammation, limited penetrating ability, accumulation,
and aggregation are some of the downsides of nanoparticles. Picoscale along with nanoparticle
technology in drug delivery, will enhance the permeability and myriad factors. Also, picometer (10-12 m)
and futuristic femtometer (10-15 m) particles will allow scientists to deal with atomic and subatomic levels
in some cases and improve the properties of nanotechnology in others. Herein, picotechnology, formulation,
synthesis, and some unique properties concluding with femtotechnology have been addressed.
Physical and Cellular Basis of Oncologic Magnetic Thermotherapy
Authors: Ghilini F.
Published: February 2023

Magnetic thermotherapy (MT) for treating solid tumors employs magnetic hyperthermia (MH) protocols. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles -nowadays considered nanomedicines- are delivered to the tumor to induce temperature elevations upon the application of an external alternating magnetic field in the radiofrequency range. This treatment activates cell death pathways and sensitizes cells to other cancer therapies. Much information is available on magnetic materials preparation and functionalization, physical relaxation mechanisms behind magnetic heating, and designed devices for field generation and magnetic material tracking, but further insight is still needed about the nature and characteristics of the cellular response to MH. In this chapter, the physical foundations of MT are thoroughly discussed and complemented by a general overview of the cellular responses induced to counteract the various sources of stress associated with this technology.
Magnetic Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery Applications
Authors: Patel A.G.
Published: February 2023

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) possess different structural, magnetic and dielectric properties compared to bulk magnetic particles and they have found potential applications in the biomedical field (due to their response to applied magnetic field) including MRI, targeted drug delivery, bio sensors, tissue engineering, cancer therapy, and diagnosis, biomaterial coating devices, hyperthermia, cell selection and separation, magnetorelaximetry, antibacterial agent, biomolecules extraction, immunoassay, lab-on-a-chip etc. The synthesis of MNPs can be done by various methods pertaining to the application one is interested in. In present chapter we discuss basic properties (surface and magnetic) of magnetic nano particles and their biomedical applications.
Cien amenazas a la seguridad global
Authors: Barrero-Barrero David , Velásquez-Fandiño Laity Alvinzy
Published: February 2023

Este artículo investiga cuántas y cuáles son las amenazas a la seguridad global en el siglo XXI, con el fin de identificarlas y ofrecer una clasificación de ellas. Esto se hizo mediante un análisis hermenéutico analógico documental de 25 fuentes, principalmente de documentos de orden supranacional. A partir de esto, se identificaron un centenar de amenazas y vulnerabilidades sociales y ambientales, que se organizaron con base en teorías supranacionales y teóricos como Bouthoul, Kaldor y Hamilton, en una estructura de cuatro grupos: amenazas tradicionales, nuevas amenazas, ataques asimétricos a la población y vulnerabilidades sociales y ambientales. Finalmente, se plantea el problema ético y bioético que implica el hecho de que estas amenazas continúen hoy poniendo en riesgo la dignidad humana.
Assessing Burnout and Well-Being in Higher Education Health Science Faculty
Authors: McHenry Kristen , Koster Megan , Ludwig Gen , Gao Yong , Eichmeyer Jennifer
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to examine and compare the extent of burnout among health science faculty at a higher education institution and their self-reported perception of well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. The design of the study was cross-sectional, descriptive survey research. An electronic questionnaire was developed to measure the constructs of burnout and well-being. Validated instruments used in the survey included the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) and the World Health Organization-5 Well-being Index. The Qualtrics ® platform was used to distribute the survey to all full-time faculty within the College of Health Sciences. 45 respondents from nursing, community and environmental health, kinesiology, social work, respiratory care, allied health sciences, and radiologic sciences completed the survey. Significant differences were observed in the extent of burnout and perception of well-being between faculty members who had clinical teaching responsibilities within their faculty role compared to those who did not, p = 0.005, Partial Eta Squared = 0.318. Faculty with a 9-month contract appointment had significantly lower OLBI-Disengagement scores (p = 0.024) and OLBI-Full Burnout scores (p = 0.047) compared with those with another contract length. There was a significantly negative relationship between the extent of burnout and perception of well-being. In this sample of health science faculty, burnout, as characterized by increased exhaustion and disengagement, was moderately prevalent and associated with poorer well-being.
This is test MS 21 Feb 2023 (Preprint)
Authors: Account Developer
Published: February 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

This is test MS 21 Feb 2023
Дослідження випадків спастичності
Authors: Chemer N.
Published: February 2023

Мета: оцінити клінічну користь лікування Церебролізином у пацієнтів зі спастичністю, які перенесли інсульт. Матеріали та методи. У даному дослідженні серії випадків кожен пацієнт протягом 30 днів отримував внутрішньом’язову ін’єкцію Церебролізину в дозі 10 мл щодня в спастичну кінцівку. Усім хворим проводили фізичну реабілітаційну терапію. Ефективність оцінювали за шкалою інсульту Національного інституту здоров’я (NIHSS), модифікованою шкалою Ашворта (MAS), mRS і мануальним м’язовим тестом (MMT), а також за допомогою електроміографії на 1-шу, 21-шу і 90-ту добу після початку програми реабілітації. Результати. Церебролізин має відстрочену пролонговану дію (на 90-ту і 180-ту добу) щодо спастичного синдрому й позитивно впливає на психоемоційний стан пацієнтів, а також на їх мотиваційну й комунікативну сфери. Висновки. Церебролізин має відстрочену пролонговану дію на спастичний синдром. Максимальна ефективність спостерігається при поєднанні Церебролізину зфізичною реабілітацією.
SH-терапія в комплексній реабілітації пацієнтів із хворобою Паркінсона
Authors: Gasiyk Т.
Published: February 2023

Найпоширенішим нейродегенеративним захворюванням центральної нервової системи вважається хвороба Паркінсона, що посідає особливе місце, оскільки має суттєве соціальне і загальноклінічне значення. Ранній початок, прогресуючий перебіг, тенденція до прискореної інвалідизації та негативна когнітивна складова у пацієнтів із хворобою Паркінсона змушують знаходити нові шляхи діагностики, лікування та реабілітації. Терапевтичний протокол медикаментозного контролю важливих проявів хвороби Паркінсона складається з постійного та систематичного прийому спеціалізованих препаратів, базовим з яких є леводопа, та комплексу реабілітаційних заходів, спрямованих на покращення рухових і нерухових порушень. Основними реабілітаційними методиками з доказаною ефективністю вважаються: кінезіотерапія; лікування рухом, індукованим його обмеженням; комплекс ерготерапевтичних вправ після введення ботулінічного токсину. Провідними методами кінезіо-терапії вважаються: Бобат- та ПНФ-концепції, Войта-терапія і концепція Бруннстрем, метод Аффолтара, тренінг подолання неглекта, дзеркальна терапія, метод Перфетті, методика Трауба тощо. Одним з ефективних напрямків ерготерапевтичного лікування пацієнтів з хворобою Паркінсона вважається арт-терапія, в основі якої лежить активація фізіологічних механізмів біологічного зворотного зв’язку. До арт-терапії належать: малювання, ліплення з глини та гіпсу, орігамі, квілінг тощо. На базі клініки «Аксімед» запроваджено сучасну арт-терапевтичну методику SH-терапії (Sand-Hands). Методика передбачає використання піску на спеціальній підсвічуваній панелі, що дозволяє шляхом виконання простих завдань з малювання, гри, насипання, просіювання та інших рухів досягти поставлених ерготерапевтичних цілей, спрямованих на покращення побутової активності хворих з нейродегенеративними захворюваннями, у тому числі і хворобою Паркінсона.
A pilot case crossover study of the use of padded headgear in junior Australian football
Authors: Willmott Catherine , Reyes Jonathan , Nguyen Jack VK , McIntosh Andrew , Makovec-Knight Jennifer , Makdissi Michael , Clifton Patrick , Harcourt Peter , Mitra Biswadev
Published: February 2023

Aim: To explore soft-shell padded headgear (HG) use, player behavior and injuries associated with HG in junior Australian football. Methods: Prospective case-crossover with head impact measurement, injury surveillance and video review. Results: 40 players (mean age: 12.43 years, standard deviation: 1.36) across 15 matches were observed. Frequency of head/neck (p = 0.916) or body (p = 0.883) contact events, and match incidents were similar between HG and no HG conditions. Without HG, females had higher frequency of body contacts compared with males (p = 0.015). Males sustained more body contacts with HG than without HG (p = 0.013). Conclusion: Use of HG in junior football was not associated with injury or head contact rate. Associations between HG use and body contact may differ across sexes. (ID: ACTRN12619001165178).
Review of Bamboo as a Reinforcement Material
Authors: Wadkar Shantanu
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Concrete is a basic material for construction used all over the creation. Concrete is more strong in compression force and extremely weak in tension. To counter this steel is used as a reinforcement material to bond. The steel is costly and corrodes easily which leads to decline in strength of the structure. This can be improved by bamboo due to its properties like light weight, cheap, durable and easily renewable. So, the old-style method of using steel strengthening is replaced by using bamboo as a reinforcement material in building industries. Bamboo is a natural, economical and abundantly available material. The deflection in mid span can be reduced by providing bamboo buttressing. We are going to compare the concert of steel and bamboo to find the optimal result. Problems faced in using bamboo as manufacture material are waterengagement and moisture content. This paper shows the exploration of use of bamboo reinforcement in beam and cylinder for M25 grade of concrete. To study the effect of replacement of steel reinforcement by cane, tests have been conducted Flexural strength and split tensile strength. While using the bamboo around twenty five percentage of construction cost less strength material are not in used for the construction and its give less result for the construction project.
Comparative analysis of major satisfaction, career maturity, and self-efficacy according to participation in the industry-academia partnership apprenticeship school training program
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim In Yeop , SHIN BEOMCHUL , Jang Jaehong
Published: February 2023

Objectives This study aimed to analyze educational effects of students who are participating in the industry- academia partnership apprenticeship school program.
Methods For analysis, data from the Korea Education and Employment Panel constructed by the Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education and Training was used. We analyzed the differences in major satisfaction, career maturity, and self-efficacy among groups that participated and not participated in the industry-academia partnership apprenticeship school program among third-year high school students In addition, data for the second year of high school were used as covariates.
Results First, no significant difference in major satisfaction were found between the participating and non-participating groups in the industry-academia partnership apprenticeship school program. Second, significant differences in career maturity and self-efficacy were found in the participating group. In particular, the results also confirmed thatthere was significant differences in all items of self-efficacy.
Conclusions The results showed the effectiveness of participation in industry-academia partnership apprenticeship school program. This study contributed in providing implications for devising strategies for student-centered system improvement and curriculum development in the future.
A Case Study on the Process of Forming Local ‘Communities of Practice’ through the Management of Soccer Club Activities
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Hur Changsoo
Published: February 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study was to explore the process and sustainability of community formation that local children's centers are conducting in a region focusing on soccer club activities.
Methods As a qualitative case study, interviews and various records were used as main data for three and a half years of management experience centered on soccer club manager. As reference data, observation of operation in the 4th year and interviews with participating children were conducted. The analysis focused on the process of community formation and sustainable driving force, and the interpretation explored the concept and mutual relationship of the ‘communities of practice.’
Results It was found that the active initiatives of management practitioners played a major role in the formation of a practice-oriented community, and the process of drawing them was essential. Understanding local resources and using them for activities also played an important role.
Conclusions The process of forming a soccer club as a community had the characteristics of ‘communities of practice based on practice and learning. In particular, while building trust with each other, activities meaning joint were formed, and through this, joint assets were formed.
A Study on the Development of University Curriculum Operation Model Based on Backward Design in the Untacted Era: Focusing on University A
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Hyeung Ju
Published: February 2023

Objectives This study aims to develop a model to facilitate the operation of the university liberal arts curriculum in the pandemic-accelerated era to reduce confusion in the field and ultimately enable the use of selective face-to-face and non-face-to-face small classes.
Methods To this end, the competencies to be cultivated in the liberal arts curriculum of University A were examined, and the integrated relationship with the backward curriculum design theory was examined. Based on this, a liberal arts curriculum operation model based on the initial backward design was derived. The final model was derived through correction and supplementation through two reviews of related experts and usability evaluation.
Results As a result, the operation model of the liberal arts curriculum based on the backward design in ‘the untact era’ was derived by dividing it into a conceptual model and a detailed model. The conceptual model explains the purpose and goal of liberal arts education and the stage of designing the backward curriculum separately. The detailed model implies information necessary for the operation of the backward design-based liberal arts curriculum and proposes the use of face-to-face and non-face-to-face small classes and hybrid classes that compromise the two methods and e-learning. According to the curriculum operation procedure, these courses are conducted in the curriculum design, operation, evaluation, and reflux system. The reflux is reflected through the curriculum improvement system of University A.
Conclusions This study is meaningful because it enables various teaching methods by reducing confusion in the university field and expanding the scope of selective teaching methods through developing a liberal arts curriculum operation model.
Molecular characterization of Fusarium spp. associated vascular wilt in passion fruit (Passiflora ligularis JUSS)
Authors: Salazar-Gonzalez Claudia , Yela-Caicedo Omar , Gomez-Espinoza Bladimir
Published: February 2023

In Colombia, vascular rotting of passion fruit (P. ligularis) caused by the fungus Fusarium is considered the most important pathological problem in the cultivation of this fruit. Plants affected by the pathogen wilt and die, causing considerable yield losses and increased production costs. The objective of this work was to determine the genetic variability of the Fusarium species associated with this disease. For this, 50 samples were collected from producing farms in three municipalities of the department of Nariño. A total of 35 isolates were characterized morphologically and molecularly. The morphological identification was carried out using taxonomic keys. Molecular characterization was performed by PCR with primers ITS1 – ITS4 and TEF1α. The PCR products were sent to Macrogen (Korea) for sequencing. Sequencing results indicated that Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. passiflorae is associated as a causal agent of the disease. In addition, the presence of Ilyonectria robusta was determined, which, has not been reported before in passion fruit plants. The phylogenetic analysis allowed determine that there was little variability among the isolates evaluated; no grouping was observed associated to the geographical origin of the samples. The morphological characters corroborated the species information obtained from the molecular analysis.
Susceptibility of Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) (Acari: Ixodidae) to calcium polysulfide application
Authors: Soto-Cardona Veronica , García-Cardona Santiago , Soto-Giraldo Alberto
Published: February 2023

Hard ticks are a problem of great importance in the national livestock industry due to their capacity to be vectors of diseases that affect the productivity of animals and humans, becoming an arthropod of veterinary-medical importance. The methods used for their control have not been efficient; therefore, different integrated control alternatives have become crucial to mitigate their population growth. Products such as calcium polysulfide have shown to be an effective alternative in controlling mite populations. The present study was carried out at the Center for Research and Breeding of Natural Enemies of the University of Caldas using nymphs of Amblyomma cajennense, arranged in Petri dishes and sprayed with an average volume of calcium polysulfide of 1.3ml. From there, the lethal concentration of calcium polysulfide at 31.5°B, on the individuals of this species was determined. The evaluations were carried out at 24, 48 and 96h after application, finding, by Probit analysis, Cl50 of 1.05% and Cl95 of 1.35% concentration of the product, which indicates that this compound has the potential to be used in the integrated management plan of A. cajennense.
The Stress-Induced Impact of COVID-19 on Tourism and Hospitality Service Employees
Authors: Oyunchimeg Luvsandavaajav , Uuriintsolmon Sansarbaatar
Published: February 2023

This research examines how COVID-19 induced stress affects organizational trust, job satisfaction, self-esteem, and commitment in tourism and hospitality organizations in Ulaanbaatar, the capital city of Mongolia. A total of 140 tourism affiliated employees in Ulaanbaatar participated in a paper-based questionnaire. Using linear regression analysis, the proposed conceptual model reveals that the employees working in the tourism and hospitality industries were stressed during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, COVID-19-induced stress is not negatively related to organizational trust, job satisfaction, and self-esteem. The findings suggest that organizational trust, job satisfaction, and self-esteem positively affect organizational commitment. The study has significant implications for tourism and hospitality organizations to determine challenges for the workforce after the COVID-19 pandemic. Relevant recommendations are suggested to effectively manage them during the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic.