bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Du non-lieu de la ville à son habitabilité par des enfants
Authors: Hamaide-Jager Eléonore
Published: February 2024

Alors que la population mondiale n’a jamais autant habité les villes, les enfants n’ont paradoxalement jamais été autant écartés de cet espace. Si les années 1950 à 1970 déclinent, en particulier dans les romans, mais aussi dans quelques albums, les déambulations et les jeux de bandes d’enfants dans les rues, les albums de l’extrême contemporain n’en font que rarement un sujet ou un territoire. Les enfants, en particulier lorsqu’ils apparaissent sous leur forme humaine et non animale, sont peu représentés seuls dans l’espace urbain. La ville est parfois traversée avec une certaine distance par le personnage, centré sur lui-même, même si l’illustrateur ou l’illustratrice invite les lecteurs à la regarder avec attention et à dépasser l’impression de banalité. Elle est également décrite comme dangereuse ou négative à cause de ses bruits et ses odeurs. Elle devient un lieu de sociabilité et d’appropriation par le jeu et le cheminement dans des albums projetés dans le passé. Néanmoins, en lien peut-être avec des politiques volontaristes récentes qui veulent replacer l’enfant au cœur de la cité, quelques albums donnent à voir des enfants qui influent sur la reconfiguration de quartiers, et laissent une place à l’enfance. D’autres albums, enfin, montrent une incorporation intime et une appropriation progressive de la ville par le mouvement et les sens. L’album serait alors le reflet littéraire d’un regard social et politique sur la ville en transition, redéfinie par et pour les enfants.
De l’(in-)hospitalité des lieux urbains pour les enfants
Authors: Monnet Nadja
Published: February 2024

Face au diagnostic connu depuis plusieurs décennies et de plus en plus martelé par les médias d’une désertion de certaines jeunesses des espaces extérieurs dans bon nombre de nos villes occidentales, ce texte s’intéresse aux causes de cette situation et pointe les nouvelles tendances en cours, en se basant sur la littérature existante mais également sur des expériences de terrain. L’auteure pointe les manières de faire place aux enfants mais également les façons de celles et ceux-ci de prendre place dans les espaces qu’elles et ils fréquentent au quotidien.
The Favela (Slum) As A City – Children Growing Up In Territories Of Public (In)Security
Authors: Rezende de Souza Adelaide , Rabello de Castro Lucia
Published: February 2024

Studies about children in the Global South often miss the wealth of possibilities of living a childhood and making sense of oneself as a child in places where adversities are rife. In territories inhabited by the lower classes in Brazil, like the ensemble of slums known as “favelas of Maré”, in Rio de Janeiro, the lack of infrastructure, the uncountable violations of human rights, economic hardships and other challenges lived by the great majority of children, have significant impacts on their development and subjectivities. However, these are territories that have histories of struggle, including both the “slow resistances” before military and police interventions to the capacity to preserve one’s livelihood in the midst of rivalries between armed drug factions and militia. In the present paper, we seek to analyze how being a child in the Maré favela implies living the street as contiguous to home. Notwithstanding the fact that streets are often considered a dangerous place where children should not be allowed by themselves, in Maré, children choose to be on the streets where they can exert more autonomy on their lives as they get to know and learn the local social codes and build up their knowledge about this public space. To consider the favela a city for children becomes relevant insofar as it defies the history behind the numbers of children killed by “stray bullets” which, for many, consists but a cold statistic of violence in some part of Rio de Janeiro.
La ville à travers la perception et les pratiques des enfants à Tunis
Authors: Ben Medien Olfa , Hraghi Ameni
Published: February 2024

L’article étudie le rapport ville-enfant en analysant les représentations que les enfants ont de leurs quartiers, de leurs espaces de jeux et de leurs trajets domicile-école. Il vérifie l’importance du contexte urbain, dans ses dimensions urbaine et sociale, dans l’appropriation du territoire urbain par les enfants. Il se base sur un recueil de représentations cognitives et de récits des enfants dans deux quartiers de Tunis : Sidi Hsine, un quartier informel, mal équipé et avec une population pauvre reprenant un mode de vie traditionnel ; Ennasr, banlieue résidentielle planifiée selon les principes fonctionnalistes et habitée par une population aisée menant un mode de vie moderne. L’expérimentation et la comparaison soulignent le rôle de la lisibilité urbaine, associée à une coveillance et un sentiment de sécurité dans l’amélioration de l’imagibilité du territoire pour l’enfant. Elles affirment le poids des choix parentaux en matière d’éducation et de mobilité, oscillant entre la liberté et la protection, dans le rapport de l’enfant à son environnement urbain.
Les expériences sensibles enfantines dans le processus d’autonomisation
Authors: Audas Nathalie , Depeau Sandrine , Manola Théa
Published: February 2024

La place des enfants en ville interroge leur capacité à se déplacer librement. Une expérience de déplacement autonome qui tend à devenir moins familière depuis plus de 30 ans. Pour autant, elle peut constituer une routine autant qu’une occasion singulière d’éprouver les espaces de la ville. C’est dans cette perspective que se situe cet article issu de la recherche MOBI’KIDS.À partir d’une approche écologique des conduites enfantines, il s’agit de montrer ce que nous révèlent les formes de sensibilités enfantines au cours des expériences de déplacements quotidiens en ville et comment elles varient d’un contexte urbain à un autre. Ainsi, l’article s’appuie sur un corpus de données issu d’une quarantaine de parcours commentés réalisés avec des enfants de 9-10 ans au cours de trajets école-domicile réalisés dans deux contextes urbains (Rennes centre et Orgères, en périphérie).Les résultats présentés permettent de (1) décrire les expériences sensibles des enfants lors de ces déplacements et la diversité des formes attentionnelles, ainsi que (2) leur rôle (recherche de confort, adaptation, socialisation) dans l’expérience autonome des espaces de la ville et (3) la nature et le rôle de ces expériences (social, cognitif, évaluatif/affectif, signifiant). Les résultats reviennent aussi sur la place des émotions (plaisir/déplaisir, crainte, confiance, etc.) dans l’expérience du déplacement et sur les formes d’improvisation constitutives de ces expériences.
An Analytical Study of the Impact of an Inclined Magnetic Field on Couette Flow with Jeffrey Fluid under Local Thermal Non-Equilibrium (LTNE) and Viscous Dissipation
Authors: Gupta Nitish , Bhargavi D.
Published: February 2024

In this work, we examine the effects of viscous dissipation and local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE) on Couette flow in a duct filled with a porous media under the influence of an angled magnetic field. The bottom plate of the duct is in motion and subjected to a constant heat flux, while the top plate remains stationary and adiabatic. The Jeffrey fluid flow model is consistent with the unidirectional flow in the porous zone. The studies provide more precise measurements of the effects of the Jeffrey parameter (λ), inclined angle (ϕ), Hartmann number (MW), thermal conductivity ratio (ν), Brinkman number (BrW), and Biot number (BiW) on improving heat transmission. The governing equations are solved analytically. The present investigation gives dimensionless temperatures for fluid-solid phases and fully developed Nusselt number (FDNN) profiles. Variation of Jeffrey parameter, inclined angle, Brinkman number, and Hartman number in the temperature field in both phases and FDNN. Furthermore, the temperature in the solid phase is higher than the temperature in the fluid phase for the Jeffrey parameter and Hartman number in the Couette flow, which supports LTNE validation.
Preparation and Characterization of Calcium Hydroxide from Cockle Shell Waste via Sol-Gel Method: Effect of HCl Concentration
Authors: Ramli Zainatul Sakinah , Salleh Norliyana Mohd , Abdullah Tuti Katrina , Ismail Suhaina , Zubir Syazana Ahmad
Published: February 2024

Continuous cockle shell dumping in open areas has become a global problem which generate major environmental issues. The conversion of the wastes into value-added products is highly desirable and economic. This work aimed to investigate the influence of sol-gel processing parameter on the properties of the synthesized calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2). In this study, cockle shell waste was used as calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precursor in the preparation of Ca(OH)2 via sol-gel method and the processing parameter varied was hydrochloric acid (HCl) concentration (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 M). The cockle shell based CaCO3 and the prepared Ca(OH)2 powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra-Red (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray (FESEM-EDX), X-ray fluorescent (XRF) and particle size analyzer (PSA). The XRD analysis indicates that the calcium carbonate obtained from cockle shell was mainly in the form of aragonite polymorph. Upon sol-gel processing, the analysis of the sample shows the presence of portlandite and small traces of aragonite in all samples suggesting an incomplete reaction of the hydrolysis process. Ca(OH)2 powder prepared using 1M HCl yields the smallest particle size.
Evaluation of Mechanical Properties with the Use of EPS Polymer for the Preparation of Sustainable Composite Based on Concrete
Authors: dos Santos Danielle Ferreira
Published: February 2024

The civil construction area is one of the activities with the highest consumption of raw materials, presenting a large generation of waste. The use of EPS polymer (expanded polystyrene), in addition to being technological, has a low environmental impact by reducing the use of traditional concrete inputs, in addition to being 100% recyclable, cost-effective. The study enabled the elaboration of the composite based on concrete with different contents of recycled expanded polystyrene (EPS) added (0.20; 0.10 and 0.05%, in % weight/weight). The use of this material allowed the partial replacement of standard sand in the composite aggregate, obtaining an environmentally sustainable material, with low specific mass, thermal resistance with insulating, hydrophobic properties that allow low water absorption, with a low impact manufacturing process. This addition of EPS to the fresh concrete mixture showed a reduction in water penetration, making the construction material more hydrophobic, minimizing infiltration problems, reducing the physical process of absorption. The specimens for the concentration of 0.10% (weight/weight) showed better axial mechanical performance, with an average of 11.4 kgf, 52% in gain of reinforcement effect, in relation to the concentration of 0.20% (weight/weight). For this concentration of 0.20 (weight/weight), the EPS beads obtained greater homogeneity in the dispersion in the cementitious matrix, promoting better impact absorption during mechanical efforts. The absorption test was carried out for 10 and 20 minutes, and with that the percentage of water absorbed for each composite was verified. The specimens prepared with higher contents of styrofoam (0.20% and 0.10%), with 0.98 and 1.29%, respectively, of absorbed water, showed a more hydrophobic character due to the higher percentage of presence of pearls. EPS, making the material less permeable to water. The absorption results were quite satisfactory, showing values ​​below 20%, as recommended in the NBR 8491 standard.
A Review on Methods of Cenosphere Separation from Fly Ash
Authors: Johar Abu Dzar , Mohamed Hassan , Itam Zarina , Zahari Nazirul Mubin , Muda Zakaria Che , Syamsir Agusril , Beddu Salmia , Zawawi Mohd Hafiz , Zainoodin Mahyun , Mubin Shaikh Muhammad , Kamal Nur Liyana Mohd
Published: February 2024

Cenospheres are valuable material contained inside the fly ash. Its low weight, low density, and high strength made it very versatile and can be used in various fields. The way of separating the cenosphere from the fly ash consists of two categories, wet and dry separation. For wet separation, it involves submerging the fly ash inside a mixture made either by pure acetone, pure water, or a mixture of water and acetone with different mixing ratios before stirring the mixture. The cenospheres, floating on top of the mix due to low density, can be collected and dried. The dry separation technique involves putting the fly ash into a cyclone separator at a constant velocity. The fly ash will then move into the bottom of the cyclone. Particles can also be separated by diameter sizes by sieving. By manipulating various parameters, cenosphere yield may differ. This paper is written to help gain more understanding on cenosphere properties and its separation method.
Reprocessable and Recyclable Self-Healing Natural Rubber/Carbon Black Composite Based on Metal Thiolate Ionic Network
Authors: Sani Noor Faezah Mohd , Fen Lai Mei , Shuib Raa Khimi
Published: February 2024

Reprocessable and recyclable self-healing rubber composites were fabricated by mixing natural rubber (NR) with carbon black (CB) filler in the presence of zinc thiolate (ZT) to form the ionic association in the rubber system. This work investigated and compared the unfilled and natural rubber filled with 5phr of carbon black. The recycling process was repeated three times, and the mechanical performance was measured each time. Tensile strength was increased by more than 430% for unfilled rubber and 520% for NR/5CB composites after the third recycling process. Tear strength was also increased with the number of the recycling process. According to a welding test ability, the developed materials showed potential for repair. Scanning electron micrographs revealed that as the recycling number increased, the white spot of ZT responsible for generating the ionic network reduced as more ZT was converted into Zn2+ salt bonding.
Role of Signal-Transducing Adaptor Protein-1 for T Cell Activation and Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Demyelination and Airway Inflammation
Authors: Kagohashi Kota , Sasaki Yuto , Ozawa Kiyotaka , Tsuchiya Takuya , Kawahara Shoya , Saitoh Kodai , Ichii Michiko , Toda Jun , Harada Yasuyo , Kubo Masato , Kitai Yuichi , Muromoto Ryuta , Oritani Kenji , Kashiwakura Jun-ichi , Matsuda Tadashi
Published: February 2024

Signal-transducing adaptor protein (STAP)-1 is an adaptor protein that is widely expressed in T cells. In this article, we show that STAP-1 upregulates TCR-mediated T cell activation and T cell–mediated airway inflammation. Using STAP-1 knockout mice and STAP-1–overexpressing Jurkat cells, we found that STAP-1 enhanced TCR signaling, resulting in increased calcium mobilization, NFAT activity, and IL-2 production. Upon TCR engagement, STAP-1 binding to ITK promoted formation of ITK–LCK and ITK–phospholipase Cγ1 complexes to induce downstream signaling. Consistent with the results, STAP-1 deficiency reduced the severity of symptoms in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that STAP-1 is essential for accumulation of T cells and Ifng and Il17 expression in spinal cords after experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induction. Th1 and Th17 development was also attenuated in STAP-1 knockout naive T cells. Taken together, STAP-1 enhances TCR signaling and plays a role in T cell–mediated immune disorders.
β-Actin G342D as a Cause of NK Cell Deficiency Impairing Lytic Synapse Termination
Authors: Reed Abigail E , Peraza Jackeline , van den Haak Frederique , Hernandez Evelyn R , Gibbs Richard A , Chinn Ivan K , Lupski James R , Marchi Enrica , Reshef Ran , Alobeid Bachir , Mace Emily M , Orange Jordan S
Published: February 2024

NK cell deficiency (NKD) occurs when an individual’s major clinical immunodeficiency derives from abnormal NK cells and is associated with several genetic etiologies. Three categories of β-actin–related diseases with over 60 ACTB (β-actin) variants have previously been identified, none with a distinct NK cell phenotype. An individual with mild developmental delay, macrothrombocytopenia, and susceptibility to infections, molluscum contagiosum virus, and EBV-associated lymphoma had functional NKD for over a decade. A de novo ACTB variant encoding G342D β-actin was identified and was consistent with the individual’s developmental and platelet phenotype. This novel variant also was found to have direct impact in NK cells because its expression in the human NK cell line YTS (YTS-NKD) caused increased cell spreading in lytic immune synapses created on activating surfaces. YTS-NKD cells were able to degranulate and perform cytotoxicity, but they demonstrated defective serial killing because of prolonged conjugation to the killed target cell and thus were effectively unable to terminate lytic synapses. G342D β-actin results in a novel, to our knowledge, mechanism of functional NKD via increased synaptic spreading and defective lytic synapse termination with resulting impaired serial killing, leading to overall reductions in NK cell cytotoxicity.
Unraveling Links between Chronic Inflammation and Long COVID: Workshop Report
Authors: Tandon Pushpa , Abrams Natalie D , Avula Leela Rani , Carrick Danielle M , Chander Preethi , Divi Rao L , Dwyer Johanna T , Gannot Gallya , Gordiyenko Nataliya , Liu Qian , Moon Kyung , PrabhuDas Mercy , Singh Anju , Tilahun Mulualem E , Satyamitra Merriline M , Wang Chiayeng , Warren Ronald , Liu Christina H
Published: February 2024

As COVID-19 continues, an increasing number of patients develop long COVID symptoms varying in severity that last for weeks, months, or longer. Symptoms commonly include lingering loss of smell and taste, hearing loss, extreme fatigue, and “brain fog.” Still, persistent cardiovascular and respiratory problems, muscle weakness, and neurologic issues have also been documented. A major problem is the lack of clear guidelines for diagnosing long COVID. Although some studies suggest that long COVID is due to prolonged inflammation after SARS-CoV-2 infection, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The broad range of COVID-19’s bodily effects and responses after initial viral infection are also poorly understood. This workshop brought together multidisciplinary experts to showcase and discuss the latest research on long COVID and chronic inflammation that might be associated with the persistent sequelae following COVID-19 infection.
Trabecular bone score in obese patients with and without diabetes
Authors: Dzeletovic Gordana , Jovanovic Aleksandar , Novakovic Tatjana , Markovic-Jovanovic Snezana , Novakovic Emilija , Dzeletovic Anja , Lukić Milena , Kostic-Inic Biljana , Jovanovic Sanja , Jankovic Miljan
Published: February 2024

The link between obesity, diabetes and bone metabolism is quite complex and not entirely clear. Although many clinical and epidemiological studies demonstrate that obesity enhances bone mineral density, its effect on bone microarchitecture is uncertain. The objective of this study was to examine the bone microarchitecture in obese patients with and without diabetes. The study included 119 individuals with ages from 30 to 50. Participants were divided into three groups: obese patients, obese diabetic patients, and a healthy control group. Results showed that obesity has a positive effect on trabecular bone score (TBS). Diabetes and obesity have a significant interactive impact on bone microarchitecture (TBS). Furthermore, HbA1c influences TBS in both obese diabetic patients and obese non-diabetic subjects. In contrast to the majority of studies, we found that obesity positively influenced TBS. TBS was inversely related to HbA1c levels in obese type 2 diabetics. Diabetes and obesity have a significant interactive impact on bone structure, in particular on bone microarchitecture.
Comparison of effects of telmisartan versus valsartan on post-induction hypotension during noncardiac surgery: a prospective observational study
Authors: Oh Chung-Sik , Park Jun Young , Kim Seong-Hyop
Published: February 2024

Background: Telmisartan is considered more potent than valsartan. Hemodynamic response during anesthesia induction may be influenced by anti-hypertension (HTN) medication. The present study compared the effect of anti-HTN medications on post-induction hypotension during noncardiac surgeries.Methods: This observational study standardized the anesthetic regimen across patients, with hypotension defined as mean blood pressure (BP) of less than 65 mmHg. The hemodynamic changes within 5 min before and after endotracheal intubation, and within 10 min before and after surgical incision were measured. Transthoracic echocardiographic evaluation of the left ventricle (LV) during anesthesia induction was performed. The primary endpoint was the decline in mean BP after anesthetic administration in telmisartan and valsartan groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of post-induction hypotension.Results: Data from 157 patients undergoing noncardiac surgery were analyzed. No significant differences were found in mean BP decline between the two groups during anesthesia induction. Hemodynamic changes and LV ejection fraction (EF) during anesthesia induction were similar between the groups. Age and preoperative initial mean BP in operation room (OR) were associated with post-induction hypotension in both groups.Conclusions: The angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) type did not influence post-induction hypotension during anesthesia induction. Age and preoperative initial mean BP in OR were associated with post-induction hypotension in patients taking ARBs.
Test–retest Reliability of Acceptable Noise Level in Kannada-speaking Children with Normal Hearing Sensitivity
Authors: Ghosh P. G. Vipin , Devananda Darshan , Kumar H. S. Harshan , Apoorva S.
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

Understanding speech accurately in the presence of noise is crucial for the development of learning speech, language, and educational skills in children. There are various audiological procedures available to check the ability of speech perception in the presence of noise. Acceptable noise level (ANL) measures the individual’s ability to tolerate the amount of background noise while listening to speech. Though, ANL has been shown to be clinically effective measure in children and adults its test- retest reliability in children is not well understood. Hence the present study was carried out to establish ANL using Kannada stimuli in native Kannada speaking children with normal hearing sensitivity and to check the test-retest reliability of the measure in them.

Method:

The study included a total of 61 native Kannada speaking children within the age range of 9-12years. Most Comfortable Level (MCL) and Background Noise Level (BNL) were established using standard procedures. The ANL was obtained by subtracting the BNL value with MCL for each participant.

Results:

The results revealed that there exists unacceptable reliability in MCL, BNL and ANL measures in native Kannada speaking children with normal hearing sensitivity using Kannada speech stimulus. This indicates that the ANL needs to be interpreted with caution in Children.

Conclusion:

The current study findings highlight on the importance of exploring these measures in children of various age groups to understand the developmental trend and age of maturation of ANL measure.
Adaptation and Validation of Voice Activity and Participation Profile in Tamil
Authors: Subramanian Anusha Rao , Srinivasan Rishabha Priya , Bhaskararao Jaya Lakshmi Podhala , Rajeswaran Ranjith
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

The study aims to adapt, translate, and validate Voice Activity and Participation Profile in Tamil (VAPP-Tamil) and determine activity limitations and participation restrictions in individuals with dysphonia.

Materials and Methods:

The original English version of VAPP was adapted culturally and translated into a Tamil questionnaire. Further, reverse translation, content validity, and pilot study were performed. The final version of the VAPP-Tamil questionnaire was administered to 127 healthy controls and 80 subjects with dysphonia. The tool was subjected to validity and reliability measures and was compared with Tamil Voice-Related Quality of Life (TVRQoL) questionnaire.

Results:

The final version of VAPP-Tamil questionnaire had good internal consistency and acceptable construct validity. Significant differences in mean scores were obtained for the control and dysphonia groups. VAPP-Tamil obtained a strong positive correlation when compared with TVRQoL. The cutoff score for interpretation of the severity of the voice problem was also determined for the questionnaire.

Conclusion:

VAPP-Tamil is a valid and reliable questionnaire to assess and subjectively quantify the impact of voice problems on quality of life (QoL) of individuals with dysphonia. It provides significant information on the impact of voice on an individual’s activity and participation. Thus, the questionnaire can be used by SLPs for individuals with dysphonia who are native Tamil speakers in assessing their QoL, planning intervention, evaluating outcomes of intervention, and counseling purposes.
Detection of Lung and Colon Cancer using Average and Weighted Average Ensemble Models
Authors: Gunasekaran Hemalatha , Kanmani S Deepa , Ebenezer Shamila , Blessing Wilfred , Ramalakshmi K
Published: February 2024

INTRODUCTION: Cancer is a life-threatening condition triggered by metabolic irregularities or the convergence of hereditary disorders. Cancerous cells in lung and colon leads more death rate count in the human race today. The histological diagnosis of malignant cancers is critical in establishing the most appropriate treatment for patients. Detecting cancer in its early stages, before it has a chance to advance within the body, greatly reduces the risk of death in both cases.
OBJECTIVES: In order to examine a larger patient group more efficiently and quickly, researchers can utilize different methods of machine learning approach and different models of deep learning used to speed up the detection of cancer.
METHODS: In this work, we provide a new ensemble transfer learning model for the rapid detection of lung and colon cancer. By ingtegrating various models of transfer learning approach and combining these methods in an ensemble, we aim to enhance the overall performance of the diagnosis process.
RESULTS: The outcomes of this research indicate that our suggested approach performs better than current models, making it a valuable tool for clinics to support medical personnel in more efficiently detecting lung and colon cancer.
CONCLUSION: The average ensemble is able to reach an accuracy of 98.66%, while the weighted-average ensemble with an accuracy of 99.80%, which is good with analysis of existing approaches.
Полиномиальная эйлерова характеристика нильмногообразий
Authors: Bukhshtaber Viktor Matveevich
Published: February 2024

В статье изучаются башни расслоений $M^{n+1}\to M^{n}\to …\to S^1$, $\geqslant 1$, со слоем $S^1$, где $M^n = L^n/\Gamma^n$ - компактные гладкие нильмногообразия и $L^n\thickapprox \mathbb{R}^n$ - группа полиномиальных преобразований прямой $\mathbb{R}^1$. В центре внимания известная задача вычисления колец когомологий с рациональными коэффициентами многообразий $M^n$. Используя каноническую биградуировку в комплексе де Рама многообразий $M^n$, мы вводим понятие полиномиальной эйлеровой характеристики и вычисляем ее для этих многообразий.
Estado del arte de inteligencia artificial en ortodoncia. Revisión narrativa
Authors: Morales-Bravo R , Pisón-Santana L , Hidalgo-Rivas A , Palma-Díaz E
Published: February 2024

RESUMEN Introducción: Inteligencia artificial (IA) es la automatización de actividades vinculadas con procesos de pensamiento humano. En ortodoncia se han desarrollado sistemas que asistidos por IA pueden tomar decisiones terapéuticas y realizar análisis. No existe un compendio actualizado sobre el uso de IA en ortodoncia. Objetivos: Describir los usos de IA en ortodoncia de acuerdo con la literatura actual. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión narrativa en las bases Medline y SciELO mediante la búsqueda: (orthodont*) AND (“machine learning” OR “deep learning” OR “artificial intelligence” OR “neural network”). Resultados: Se obtuvieron 19 artículos que mostraron que IA se ha desarrollado en cinco áreas: 1) Cefalometría asistida por IA, donde la localización de puntos y análisis cefalométricos mostraron una precisión igual a ortodoncistas. 2) Localización de dientes no erupcionados en CBCT, con resultados similares entre IA y ortodoncistas. 3) Determinación de edad y maduración ósea de forma más eficiente apoyada por IA, que por métodos convencionales, 4) Análisis facial, donde la IA permite una evaluación objetiva del atractivo facial, con aplicaciones en diagnóstico y planificación quirúrgica. 5) Decisiones terapéuticas con IA, para determinar la necesidad de exodoncias y dientes que serán extraídos. Discusión: La IA se está incorporando aceleradamente en ortodoncia, por lo que debe conocerse conceptos y posibilidades que brinda. Conclusiones: Un número creciente de artículos sobre usos de IA en ortodoncia muestran resultados similares con IA a los obtenidos por especialistas. Sin embargo, la evidencia aún es poca y principalmente experimental, por lo que la IA debiera usarse cautelosamente en ortodoncia.
Periodontitis necrotizante-diagnóstico y tratamiento. Reporte de caso
Authors: Muñoz-Rodriguez E , Castro-dos Santos N , Jacques-Bravo J , Rojas MA
Published: February 2024

RESUMEN Introducción: La periodontitis necrotizante (NP) es una enfermedad inflamatoria aguda que puede aparecer de forma repentina y con rápida destrucción de los tejidos periodontales. Los hallazgos clínicos más relevantes son necrosis y úlcera en la papila interdental, sangrado gingival, dolor, destrucción ósea y, en casos severos, puede ocurrir secuestro óseo. Aunque el factor etiológico principal es la acumulación de biofilm bacteriano, los factores de riesgo como las enfermedades sistémicas y/o psicológicas podrían afectar la respuesta inmune del huésped y jugar un papel importante en el desarrollo de NP. Objetivo: Presentar la resolución de un caso de PN con un enfoque multidisciplinario y conservador. Presentación del caso: Paciente de sexo femenino de 22 años que fue remitida al Centro de Clínicas Odontológicas de la Universidad de Talca (Talca, Chile) con aparente estrés psicológico y fumadora. Refiere dolor intenso y persistente en los dientes anteriores con sangrado espontáneo y halitosis durante 2 semanas. El tratamiento consistió en la evaluación de la condición sistémica y el manejo de la fase aguda, la fase etiológica y posterior fase correctiva para la corrección quirúrgica de las secuelas. Este caso tiene 2 años de seguimiento con un riguroso régimen de mantenimiento periodontal, reevaluando los tejidos periodontales, motivando y reforzando la higiene bucal. Conclusiones: Este caso clínico contribuye al diagnóstico y opciones terapéuticas que tiene el profesional ante las secuelas que se presentan en los casos de PN, que, si bien no es una patología frecuente, puede avanzar rápidamente y aumentar el daño tisular.
Ochrona przeciwpożarowa z uwzględnieniem szczególnej wartości dóbr kultury i dziedzictwa narodowego
Authors: Zboina Jacek
Published: February 2024

Fire protection with special value of cultural property and national heritage

The article presents conclusions and proposals formulated as a result of own research and research teams. Additional motivation for their presentation were the undertakings and initiatives of the previous and current year concerning fire protection, taking into account the special value of cultural property and national heritage. The considerations presented deal with an important issue boiling down to the question of how to protect more effectively? - How to effectively secure cultural heritage and how to more effectively provide full protection to monuments? Among other things, the article addresses the need and legitimacy of fire protection planning. These issues were linked to the topic of applying new technologies and solutions for fire protection. In conclusion, it was indicated that these activities should be aimed at the goal of improving the effectiveness of fire protection combined with its adaptation and rationalization. Securing cultural heritage and providing full protection to monuments requires deepening cooperation between many entities, including in particular the State Fire Service and conservators of monuments. This cooperation has required and will probably require new solutions, including perhaps legal ones.
Rola prewencji społecznej w rozwijaniu bezpieczeństwa w instytucjach oświaty na przykładzie lekcji muzealnych Centralnego Muzeum Pożarnictwa w Mysłowicach
Authors: Gąsiorczyk Paweł K.
Published: February 2024

The role of social prevention in developing safety in educational institutions on the example of museum lessons of the Central Fire Museum in Myslowice

In the presented article, the authors address issues related to the educational activities of the Central Museum of Fire Fighting in Myslowice. The Myslowice museum, which is also an organizational unit of the State Fire Service, has in its offer a number of educational activities for different age groups. Some of them are part of the tasks implemented in the field of activities related to social prevention in the broadest sense. One such lesson is the class titled “Safe Home,” which is conducted using the Mobile Simulator of Single-Family House Fire Hazards, an innovative multimedia tool. With its help it is possible to address issues related to: the dangers of using an open fire, putting out a grease fire, using fire extinguishers, carbon monoxide detectors, but also, importantly, the topics of alarming and safe evacuation. The simulator is equipped with two computers controlled by a specially designed application, as well as installations to produce light and sound effects. In this way, it is possible to have a multi-faceted effect on the perception of the viewer, so that the information conveyed is reinforced and sinks deeper into the memory, creating the right behavioral patterns in dangerous situations.
Milyen változásokat hozhatnak a kvantumszámítógépek az oktatás területén?
Authors: Prantner Csilla , Koczka Ferenc , Biró Csaba
Published: February 2024

A magyar törvénykezésben megjelentek azok a rendeletek, amelyek ráerősítenek arra, hogy gyorsan közeledünk a kvantumszámítógépek korszakához. A teljesen újszerű elveken működő kvantumszámítógépek korábban nem megoldható problémákra hatékony és gyors megoldásokat ígérnek. Az új típusú gépek megjelenése várhatóan nem csak az informatika, a gazdaság és a különféle tudományok területén hoz nagy változásokat, hanem valószínűsíthetően a mindennapi életünkre is erősen hatással lesz. Szükségét érezzük, hogy az oktatási szféra is kövesse a kvantumtechnológia megjelenését, hogy ne érje váratlanul a jövő szakembereit. A tanulmányban szóba kerülnek a témával kapcsolatos jogszabályok, az érintett szakterületek és a kvantuminformatikában rejlő lehetőségek és veszélyek. Továbbá írunk arról, hogy milyen tapasztalatok vannak eddig a kvantuminformatika tanításának gyakorlatában.
Iskolai könyvtárak használói szemmel
Authors: Czeglédi László , Radics Krisztina
Published: February 2024

Miért lesz valaki iskolai könyvtáros vagy könyvtárostanár a mai világban? Például egy eldugott helyen egy 87 főt számláló iskolában? Kutatásunk többek között erre keresi a választ, valamint arra, hogy az iskolai könyvtárak működése, fennmaradása mennyire kecsegtet reális esélyekkel. A jelenlegi kutatást több lépcsőben terveztük megvalósítani. A hangsúly elsősorban az iskolai könyvtárak szerepének, lehetőségeinek vizsgálatára helyeződik, főként a digitális oktatási szolgáltatások és a digitális könyvtárpedagógia támogatásának vonatkozásában. A kutatás elindítását az élet hozta. Láttuk a sok rossz és a sok jó példát. A különböző tanítási gyakorlatokon való részvételen tapasztaltak juttattak el addig, hogy foglalkozzunk a kérdéssel. Ennek a kutatásnak a harmadik szakasza a tanulókról szól, miként élik meg az oktatás támogatásának különböző területein nyújtott szolgáltatások beépülését tanulmányaikba.
Az általános testnevelés mint eszköz az elsőéves egyetemi hallgatók egészségtudatos attitűdjének megerősítésében
Authors: Széplaki Ildikó
Published: February 2024

A fiatal felnőttek egészség-magatartásának vizsgálata, az egészségtudatos nemzedék kinevelése az egyéni érdekeken túlmutatva társadalmi és gazdasági hozadékkal is szolgál. Az egyetem első éve több szempontból is érzékeny korszak, ekkor kezdődik az önállósodás, számos kihívás, stressz, káros szenvedélyekre való rászokás éri a fiatalokat, de talán ez az az időszak, amikor lehetőség van intézményes kereteken belül az egészség-magatartáshoz való hozzáállásukat javítani és útravalóként egy LLL (Lifelong learning) -koncepciót átadva nekik a fizikai aktivitás terén. Ennek érdekében 78 elsőéves egyetemi hallgató longitudinális vizsgálatát végeztük el, illetve egy részükkel fókuszcsoportos interjú készült, hogy elmondhassák, hogyan élik meg a készülődő felnőttkor ezen szakaszát. A fiataloknak, ha még nem is statisztikailag egyértelműen mutatható ki, elmondásuk alapján igényük van a jobb életminőségre, és felelősséget vállalnak ennek kialakításáért.
INITIAL UNDERSTANDING OF CULTURAL WORDS’ MEANING FROM SELECTED EFL TEXTBOOKS
Authors: Thanh Thuy Pham Thi , Phi Nga Do Thi
Published: February 2024

For language learners, in order to accomplish reading tasks with good results, they are required to own a comparatively adequate number of vocabulary including cultural words. Reading tasks in EFL textbooks are a must to finish for students. As far as the study is concerned, the authors are going to investigate 39 tertiary students’ initial understanding of cultural words’ meanings in severalEFL textbooks (a case study). The cultural words are taken from reading passages in the books based on theories of cultural words and their classification. Findings showed that students initially comprehended the meaning of this special type of words in some EFL textbooks. However, they still found it troublesome to figure out the semantic features of idiomatic expressions or collocationsutilized by native speakers. By the end of the research, pedagogical implications in language teaching and learning are going to be proposed in detail.
CASTE QUOTAS AND SOCIAL JUSTICE: AN IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS OF RESERVATION POLICIES
Authors: Gupta Aarav
Published: February 2024

Caste-based reservations, or affirmative action, is a system that aims to provide historically disadvantaged groups with representation in various aspects of Indian society, including education, employment, government programs, scholarships, and political representation. However, this system is a topic of considerable debate and controversy, especially among urban middle-class individuals belonging to the "general caste" category. They may perceive reservations as a barrier to their opportunities to become doctors, engineers, and civil servants.
A Path to Food Self-Provisioning and Experiences from Learning New Skills: An Autoethnographic Depiction
Authors: Ruuska Toni
Published: February 2024

In this autoethnographic depiction, I tell a story of change and renewal. In the narrative, I present a story of personal choices and epiphanies that have changed the course of my life. At the turning point, I portray the process of learning new skills regarding food self-provisioning. I come from a privileged, but de-skilled, middle-class suburban background, and the past four years has been a diverse journey of insecurity, alienation, and fatigue, but also of learning, empowerment, and self-realization. From a person with limited skills, to an at least somewhat skilled food neo-self-provisioner, I have partaken in a process of becoming, which is rich in experience but psychologically and physically demanding. The challenges of living a sustainable and ethical life, amidst contemporary societies, are plenty, but in this research the main hurdles are located in the shortage of time, and rootlessness, in the form of eroded communal bonds, lack of peer support, and broken intergenerational relations.
A REVISTA CINEARTE E O DISCURSO DO CINEMA QUE EDUCA CRIANÇAS
Authors: FERNANDES AZEVEDO FAHEINA EVELYN , FERREIRA DA SILVA WILLIAM
Published: February 2024

Este texto comunica os resultados de uma pesquisa que investigou o discurso sobre o uso do cinema para educar crianças a partir de incursões investigativas na revista Cinearte (1926-1942). Do ponto de vista teórico-metodológico, considerou-se a abordagem arqueológica do discurso, proposta por Michel Foucault (2009), como caminho norteador para análise dos dados. Tomou-se como fontes de pesquisa as 561 edições da revista Cinearte, publicadas no período de 1926 a 1942, disponibilizadas na plataforma digital da Biblioteca Nacional Brasileira. Em comparação a outros periódicos em exibição no mesmo período, a Cinearte se destacou pelo fato de defender o cinema como recurso auxiliar da educação, sobretudo voltado ao ensino de crianças. Essa foi uma das razões pelas quais se considerou importante prosseguir com o estudo realizado. Dos resultados obtidos na pesquisa, concluiu-se que o discurso sobre o uso do cinema para educar crianças, acionado pela revista Cinearte, constituiu-se a partir de duas formações discursivas: (1) uma, na qual o cinema era tratado como auxiliar do ensino de crianças, (2) outra, na qual era evidenciado a necessidade de adequar o cinema ao público expectador, particularmente o infantil. Da primeira formação discursiva, chegou-se ao entendimento de que a eficiência quanto ao uso do cinema para educar crianças esteve alinhado à ideia de que ele poderia atrair a atenção do público infantil, auxiliar seu trabalho mental e apresentar fenômenos e fatos distantes de sua realidade. Quanto à segunda formação discursiva, notou-se que, ao ser posicionado como instrumento que precisava ser adequado às crianças, o cinema foi noticiado pela Cinearte como um recurso impróprio.
AVALIAÇÃO EXTERNA E CULTURA ESCOLAR: REFLEXÕES SOBRE A CULTURA DE AVALIAÇÃO NA ESCOLA
Authors: BARBOSA SANTANA MARIA VALQUIRIA
Published: February 2024

O estudo teve por objetivo analisar como avaliações externas interferem na organização estrutural da escola e nas práticas de avaliação da aprendizagem em sala de aula. Buscou-se compreender o movimento histórico em que essa temática está inserida e para tanto foi realizado um estudo bibliográfico nos seguintes bancos de dados: Cadernos de História da Educação, Revista Brasileira de História da Educação e Revista História da Educação. O resultado do levantamento nos permitiu verificar a inexistência de uma produção que discutia de forma articulada a temática cultura escolar e avaliação externa. Contudo, nos três bancos de dados, identificamos cerca 96 trabalhos sobre cultura escolar, 1 produção sobre avaliação externa, e 14 trabalhos sobre avaliação da aprendizagem. Desse total, apenas 4 estudos se aproximaram da nossa proposta de investigação e contribuíram para a compreensão. No levantamento identificamos apenas 4 produções que se aproximaram do nosso objeto de estudo, permitindo compreender que a lógica dos exames ou avaliação externa vêm contribuindo com a organização dos sistemas de ensino interferindo na forma de estruturação da escola cristalizando uma cultura avaliativa alicerçada no sistema de nota, classificação, responsabilização dos estudantes e das escolas.
EDUCAÇÃO, HISTÓRIAS E MEMÓRIAS ATRAVÉS DAS AÇÕES DO MOVIMENTO DE CULTURA POPULAR EM RECIFE – PE
Authors: DA SILVA LUCI MARIA
Published: February 2024

Este ensaio tem como perspectiva principal delinear a panorâmica evidência que o Movimento de Cultura Popular ocorrido em Recife-PE se tornou, e, se difundiu marcantemente. Para início, é importante fazer uma retrospectiva histórica, trazendo os postulados necessários para situar os acontecimentos sociais que estavam consolidados aos fatores que são interessantes dentro da exposição historiografia do período de 1958 até 1964. Esses aspectos significantes citados acima conduziram para o resgate da memória e da história, sendo possível pontuar as causas e as consequências que contribuíram para que em Pernambuco, os feitos realizados pelo MCP se tornassem inesquecíveis (PERNAMBUCO, 1986). Portanto, todo o legado histórico do MCP é uma verdadeira resistência, que se perpetuou até os dias atuais, pois, não permaneceu no esquecimento. Por isso, durante os anos cinquenta, mesmo sendo a crise da hegemonia predominante, que repercutia com toda a força naquele período, em todo o território brasileiro de acordo com Germano (2011), inclusive em Pernambuco., o MCP ainda está presente na história e na memória educacional.
FORMAÇÃO DE UMA UNIVERSIDADE PÚBLICA NO SUL DA BAHIA (1980-1991)
Authors: SANTOS MARIA RITA
Published: February 2024

Este texto faz parte da pesquisa de doutoramento que desenvolvi no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação e Contemporaneidade da Universidade do Estado da Bahia. Neste texto apresenta-se decisões políticas no âmbito nacional e do estado da Bahia, no período de 1980 a 1991 que repercutiram nas reivindicações pela estadualização da Federação das Escolas Superiores de Ilhéus e Itabuna (FESPI), que exigiu a mobilização da comunidade acadêmica, o apoio de personalidades políticas e grupos regionais, tornando-se um movimento até então inédito na região, resultando na criação da Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), no Sul da Bahia. Considera-se um período de avanços e retrocessos nas negociações com o governo do estado, que mudava de posicionamentos a depender da oposição ou alinhamento entre governantes do estado e do governo federal. Neste contexto, esses retrocessos aprofundaram a crise e retardaram a criação da universidade, posto que compete ao Estado criar as condições políticas para atender as reivindicações há muito apresentadas por estudantes com apoio de professores, servidores técnicos e sociedade civil, sem os quais poderia prevalecer o argumento da falta de recursos para a criação de uma universidade estadual no Sul da Bahia.
RELAÇÃO ESCOLA-COMUNIDADE DE UM COLÉGIO MILITARIZADO DE FEIRA DE SANTANA, BAHIA
Authors: BATISTA FERREIRA HIGO , CARDOSO DA ROCHA CLÉA
Published: February 2024

O tema relação escola-comunidade vem ganhando cada vez mais destaque em âmbito educacional, sendo necessárias investigações para conhecer como e onde acontece, mediante as realidades e particularidades de cada local, nesta pesquisa se destaca em um contexto militarizado. A presente pesquisa é um estudo de caso e teve por objetivo compreender a relação escola-comunidade pré e pós a militarização de uma instituição de ensino da rede estadual do município de Feira de Santana - Bahia. Por meio de atividades de campo para caracterização da área, aplicação de entrevistas além de aplicação de formulário online, foi possível diagnosticar a atual relação na qual se encontra a escola e as pessoas da comunidade de entorno no qual está inserida. Utilizando a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo, foi feita a codificação das entrevistas, e os resultados encontrados evidenciaram a mudança dessa relação ao longo dos anos, decorrente do processo de militarização. Com os dados do formulário foi possível espacializar os resultados e atribuir zonas de influência da escola nas escalas bairro e município. Foi confirmado um declínio da interação da escola com a comunidade do entorno ao longo dos anos e, em contrapartida, houve a ampliação da zona de influência da instituição no que diz respeito a estudantes matriculados oriundos de diversos bairros de Feira de Santana e também de municípios vizinhos.
Shieldhead Gecko (Gonatodes caudiscutatus)
Authors: Arteaga Alejandro , Guayasamin Juan Manuel
Published: February 2024

This is the species account about the Shieldhead Gecko (Gonatodes caudiscutatus), a chapter in the Reptiles of Ecuador book. This account summarizes novel as well as historical information (recognition, natural history, distribution, conservation, etymology, and relevant literature) about the species and provides maps and images to facilitate identification of this reptile in the field.