bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Return periods for rock acceleration in western Nevada
Authors: Douglas Bruce M. , Ryall Alan
Published: September 2021

abstract

A method is described for determining expected acceleration return periods, based on calculations involving magnitude, fault length and distance to the causative fault. The method permits earthquake magnitude and duration of strong motion to be associated with these return periods. In addition, because attenuation equations are in terms of distance to the causative fault, instead of focal distance, sites can be considered which are in the immediate vicinity of potential faults. Results of calculations indicate that for an average site in the western Nevada region maximum-amplitude, maximum-duration ground motion has a recurrence time of the order of thousands of years. This result, based on a relatively brief sample of instrumental data, is entirely consistent with geological field data representing time periods two to three orders of magnitude longer. Smaller ground motions have correspondingly smaller return periods, down to about a decade for accelerations greater than 0.1 g, when caused by all earthquakes with magnitude 5 or greater. Our results indicate that evaluation of seismic risk in terms of a single peak ground-motion parameter may lead to risk estimates which are several times too high.
The identification of building structural systems
Authors: Marmarelis P. Z. , Udwadia F. E.
Published: September 2021

abstract

This paper models a building structure as a nonlinear feedback system and studies the effects of such a system model on the structural response to strong ground shaking. Nonlinear kernels arising in the identification procedure have been investigated and an error analysis presented.

Applications of the Weiner method in studying the response of a reinforced concrete structure to strong ground shaking have been illustrated. The nature of the second order kernels has been displayed and the nonlinear contribution to the response at the roof level, during strong ground shaking, has been determined.
Study of seismological evasion
Authors: Evernden Jack F.
Published: September 2021

abstract

This paper discusses seismological aspects of various proposed means of obscuring or hiding the seismic signatures of explosions from a surveillance network. These so-called evasion schemes are discussed from the points of view of both the evader and the monitor. The analysis will be conducted in terms of the USSR since that country is so vast and its geological and geophysical complexities are so great that the complete spectrum of hypothesized evasion schemes requires discussion.

Part I of this paper was a general discussion of these evasion schemes, placing the concepts within the reality of general factors influencing effective use of the techniques. This part of the paper (part II) describes techniques for quantitative investigation of evasion schemes when the only noise problem is normal microseismic noise, and will give analyses of several seismological networks as regards their capabilities to restrain imagined clandestine testing by the USSR under such noise conditions. Part III will describe techniques appropriate for use when the noise problem is the P- and surface-wave codas of earthquakes, and will give analyses of capabilities of several seismological networks to restrain use of such codas for effective evasion.
Analysis of seismograms from a downhole array in sediments near San Francisco Bay
Authors: Joyner William B. , Warrick Richard E. , Oliver Adolph A.
Published: September 2021

abstract

A four-level downhole array of three-component instruments was established on the southwest shore of San Francisco Bay to monitor the effect of the sediments on low-amplitude seismic ground motion. The deepest instrument is at a depth of 186 m—2 m below the top of the Franciscan bedrock. Earthquake data from regional distances (29 km ≦ Δ ≦ 485 km) over a wide range of azimuths are compared with the predictions of a simple plane-layered model with material properties independently determined. Spectral ratios between the surface and bedrock, computed for the one horizontal component of motion that was analyzed, agree rather well with the model predictions; the model predicts the frequencies of the first three peaks within 10 per cent in most cases and the height of the peaks within 50 per cent in most cases. Surface time histories computed from the theoretical model predict the time variations of amplitude and frequency content reasonably well, but correlations of individual cycles cannot be made between observed and predicted traces.
Temperature effects on long-period seismographs: an accurate method to determine the transfer function
Authors: Mitronovas Walter
Published: September 2021

abstract

A simple method for monitoring the transfer function of a long-period (LP) seismograph as a function of time is described. This method makes it possible, under certain restrictions, to estimate quite accurately (one order of magnitude better than the least-squares inversion of the calibration pulse) changes in the transfer function of a system using only the maximum amplitude information of the transient calibration pulses. The restrictions of this method are: (1) no change in the period of the horizontal seismometers (TS) and galvanometers (TG): (2) length of the spring of a vertical seismometer (boom position) is a function of temperature only; and (3) magnetic field is uniform in the range of expected boom (coil) excursions. In other words, the system parameters are affected only by temperature. Briefly, temperature affects mainly the resistance of the coils (copper) of seismometer (RS) and galvanometer (RG), which changes the current flowing in the circuit and hence the amplitude of the calibration pulse. The expected changes in the damping of the seismometer (hS), galvanometer (hG) and in the seismometer period (vertical component) have only negligible additional effect on the amplitude. Therefore, from the observed daily variation in the amplitude of the calibration pulses, it is simple to calculate changes in RS and RG and, hence, the in situ temperature as a function of time. The effect of temperature on the vertical seismometer boom position, and hence TS, can be determined beforehand (or at any time) for each instrument. From this, TS as a function of time can be inferred. Finally, from the calculated variations in RS and RG, variation in hG can be determined; from variations in RS, RG and TS, variation in hS and then the coupling factor (σ) can be determined. Analysis of the calibration data from a vertical component at Zurich for a 2-year period, 1972–73, is presented as an illustration of the method. The in situ seasonal temperature variation was inferred to be around ±4 C. In terms of the variation in the system phase response (delay), this amounts to about ±0.20 sec (at most) at a period of 100 sec, and less at shorter periods. This estimate is in good agreement with direct determination of the differences in phase delay for a similar system under controlled temperature conditions. It is also consistent with the fact that no systematic variation in phase response as a function of time was detected using the least-squares inversion of the calibration pulse (method not accurate enough). This indicates that the temperature effect on the phase response is fairly small and that under normal conditions modern LP instruments satisfy to a good approximation the requirements of this calibration method.
Temporal and spatial variations of travel-time residuals in central California for Novaya Zemlya events
Authors: Robinson Russell , Iyer H. M.
Published: September 2021

abstract

Eight large nuclear explosions in Novaya Zemlya, from October 1969, through November 1974, were used to monitor long-term variations in crustal seismic velocity near the San Andreas fault in central California. Relative P-wave travel-time residuals appear to be accurate to approximately ±0.1 sec. Of the over 100 stations used, none show clearly significant temporal variations in residual greater than this amount, corresponding to about a 4 per cent change in velocity in the upper crust. Average relative residuals at individual stations show a large spatial variation of about 1.5 sec. These variations reflect both a complex crustal geology and changes in crustal thickness and provide a potentially powerful tool for studying crustal structure.
Optimum filter for surface-wave group-velocity determination
Authors: Canitez Nezihi
Published: September 2021

abstract

An exponentially decaying function in time domain has been used as a filter for group-velocity determination with multiple filter technique. The bandwidth of the optimum filter is obtained minimizing time duration of the filtered signal. Sufficient resolution for practical purposes is obtained with bandwidths proportional to the center frequencies.
The June 13, 1975 earthquake and its relationship to the New Madrid seismic zone
Authors: Herrmann R. B. , Fischer G. W. , Zollweg J. E.
Published: September 2021

abstract

The June 13, 1975 earthquake in the New Madrid seismic zone produced the first recorded strong-motion accelerograms for an event in the region, as well as the largest recorded accelerations to date for any event in eastern North America. The peak strong-motion values obtained from an analysis of the accelerograms are the following: amax = 43 cm/sec2, vmax = 1 cm/sec and dmax = 0.05 cm for the longitudinal S88°W component; amax = 31 cm/sec2, vmax = 0.6 cm/sec and dmax = 0.01 cm for the DOWN component; amax = 64 cm/sec2, vmax = 1.6 cm/sec2, and dmax = 0.09 cm for the tangential S02°E component.

Source parameter estimation using long-period surface waves, Lg spectra, P-wave first motions and the integrated accelerograms leads to a consistent solution. The seismic moment is estimated to be 4E21 dyne-cm and the corner period 0.6 sec. The corner period-seismic moment pair for this event agrees with the regional scaling of these parameters observed by Street et al. (1975).
A fast epicenter location program
Authors: Lomnitz Cinna
Published: September 2021

A major simplification of teleseismic epicenter location procedures can be achieved by regression in the space domain. If distance residuals are used instead of travel-time residuals the normal equations become linear. Observations must be weighted by ∂t/∂▵; however, linear weighted regression is extremely fast as compared to unweighted nonlinear regression. The new program features several other innovations; separate estimation of focal depth, self-initialization using the nearest station as trial epicenter, and second-degree approximations to the Herrin tables instead of travel-time tables in core. On the basis of a relocation of event LONGSHOT, the new routine is found to be about ten times faster, absolutely convergent, and more compact than any of the standard programs in current use.
COUNTER-HEGEMONY TOWARDS WOMEN IN ADVERTISING
Authors: Farhatiningsih Lizzatul , Putri Kirana Dwitia , Setyorini Dyah Ayu , Naufal Muhammad Syihabuddin
Published: September 2021

Representasi tidak selalu membicarakan mengenai tampilan fisik seseorang namun ada makna di balik representasi dan salah satu media representasi adalah iklan. Representasi dihadirkan tidak hanya melalui untaian kalimat atau kata-kata lisan, namun juga melalui gambar, gestur, mimik muka, pakaian, suara, musik, dan teknik pengambilan gambar. Iklan Bukalapak Nego Cincai berbeda dari iklan marketplace lain karena menggunakan model seorang wanita berusia paruh baya etnis Tionghoa dalam iklan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui representasi perempuan etnis Tionghoa dalam iklan Bukalapak Nego Cincai sebagai kontra hegemoni. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian multimodalitas untuk menjelaskan representasi dan komunikasi yang mengandalkan multiplisitas mode. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggambaran seorang wanita paruh baya beretnis Tionghoa beserta elemen-elemen yang mendukung dalam iklan tersebut meyakinkan khalayak bahwa Bukalapak merupakan online marketplace yang menawarkan harga yang relatif lebih murah khususnya pada saat menyambut hari raya Imlek melalui pemilihan actor tersebut memperlihatkan bahwa dengan representasi etnis Tionghoa yang kerap melakukan aktivitas tawar-menawar dalam kegiatan berdagang. Bukalapak ingin menonjolkan sebuah bentuk counter hegemony terhadap iklan online marketplace lain yang cenderung selalu menampilkan sosok wanita berusia muda, dengan tubuh langsing, kulit putih, dan bukan berasal dari etnis Tionghoa. Untuk memahami kontra hegemoni terhadap iklan ini, dalam penelitian mendatang perlu dilakukan analisis mendalam yang terdiri dari lebih banyak frame sehingga mampu menangkap lebih banyak sumber semiotik dan memahami maksud di balik iklan tersebut.
CONSTRUCTION OF BEAUTY MEANING IN BEAUTY PRODUCTS ADVERTISEMENT
Authors: Purwandari Silvina Novia , Nugroho Catur
Published: September 2021

Warna kulit putih dan cerah adalah salah satu faktor seorang wanita pantas untuk dikatakan cantik. Clean and Clear membuat video kampanye yang berjudul “Clean and Clear versi #IAmBright movement: Rayakan Cerahnya Ragam Warna Kulit Indonesia-Mu Bersama CLEAN & CLEAR”, dengan menampilkan tiga model wanita yang memiliki warna kulit  dari putih hingga gelap. Video iklan yang dipublikasikan tersebut adalah rangkaian kampanye untuk mengembalikan kepercayaan wanita khususnya remaja yang memiliki keinginan untuk menjadi cantik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode Analisis Semiotika Charles Sanders Peirce untuk melihat konstruksi makna cantik pada iklan Clean and Clear tersebut. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa makna cantik ditunjukkan melalui warna kulit model pada iklan. Iklan ini membentuk makna cantik dengan warna kulit yang beraneka ragam, namun dapat memancarkan kecantikannya dengan merawat kulit wajah dengan baik. Juga memberikan motivasi agar wanita Indonesia membentuk kepercayaan diri dengan berfikir kepada hal yang positif.
PORNOGRAPHICATION: SOCIAL IMPACT OF COMMODIFICATION PRACTICE OF SEX CONTENT IN THE CARTOON INDUSTRY IN INSTAGRAM
Authors: Adiyanto Wiwid , Ashari Rizqi Ganis
Published: September 2021

Konten seksual yang marak di media sosial Instagram mendapat banyak perhatian dari pengguna media sosial tersebut. Fenomena tersebut menjadi hal yang bertolak belakang bila dilihat dari aturan yang berlaku. Undang-Undang nomor 44 tahun 2008 tentang pornografi, telah menjelaskan bahwa adanya larangan berkaitan dengan keberadaan konten pornografi di berbagai media. Objek penelitian ini adalah kartun dari akun Instagram @okkycreed dan @eslollipop yang karyanya tidak terlepas dari parodi seks. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan mekanisme pornographication sebagai dampak sosial dari komodifikasi konten seks dalam industri kartun di Instagram. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan fokus pada kajian ekonomi politik media yang terkait komodifikasi. Analisis dalam studi ini mengacu pada gagasan Anette Dina Sorensen terkait pornographication. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa konten seks dijadikan daya tarik pengguna Instagram untuk mengikuti karya dari @okkycreed dan @eslollipop yang akhirnya akun tersebut bersifat komersil dengan masuknya iklan pada akun tersebut. Fenomena tabu tentang seks di Indonesia dikomodifikasi. Dampak sosial yang muncul karena maraknya konten pornografi di media sosial adalah timbulnya fenomena pornographication. Literasi media perlu dilakukan untuk menumbuhkan sikap kritis masyarakat dalam bermedia, mengingat media sosial bersifat self-regulating.
Realisation of Public Procurement during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mazur Zbigniew Leszek
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the analysis of major changes introduced to the Polish Public Procurement Law for the reason of the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. First of all, the regulation in this area concerns the exclusion of the Public Procurement Law application in respect of necessary procurements. In addition, the legislator has introduced a mutual obligation to communicate about the impact of circumstances relating to the occurrence of COVID-19 on the proper performance of the contract and, as a consequence, the possibility of amending the public procurement contract. The last regulation has introduced solutions to reduce the costs of participation in tender proceedings and to encourage contractors to participate in public tenders.
Managing Migration in the United States and the European Union – Maintaining the Security
Authors: Roots Lehte
Published: September 2021

The article reflexes the nexus between security and migration management. Immigration is often seen as threat to national security but in case of refugees they are the victims of the instability and lack of protection of their human rights. The article aims to analyse how the human security concept is discussed in EU policies and how it has been implemented to tackle the migration crisis. The approach of the USA to migration and security will be used for the comparative analysis. The article discusses the historical and legal developments of migration management and the effects and problematics in the open world. Since the EU and the USA are the world big players, they should stay the leaders in promoting human rights and security. The way to do it is to introduce homogeneous policies in terms of migration management.
Are We Really Dealing with New Control Powers of Local Councilors?
Authors: Wąsowska Anna
Published: September 2021

On 11 January 2018, the Act on amending certain acts in order to increase the participation of citizens in the process of selecting, functioning and control of certain public authorities was passed. The legislator decided that the new legal regulations in the local government system laws were to lead to an increase in the participation of citizens in the process of control and functioning of public authorities, thus, also of local government authorities. In addition, it was to contribute to an increase in the role of local communities in the process of electing bodies coming from general elections, as well as in the control of this process and the bodies responsible for the preparation and holding of elections. Among the “new” legal solutions that have come into force in the current term of the local government authorities (2018–2023), one should distinguish those thanks to which the scope of control powers of local councillors has been extended. These include, first of all, the right to obtain information and materials, access to the premises where these information and materials are located, and access to the activities of the local government office, as well as companies with the participation of local government units, commercial companies with the participation of local government legal entities, legal persons, as well as establishments, enterprises and other local government organizational units, in compliance with the provisions on legally protected secrecy, secondly, the right to address interpellations and inquiries to the village mayor (mayor, city president), starost or voivodeship marshal, thirdly, the obligation to establish a complaint committee, motions and petitions in order to consider complaints about the activities of the executive body and local government organizational units, as well as motions and petitions submitted by citizens.
Review: Iwona Sierpowska, “Śmierć w ujęciu prawa administracyjnego”, Wolters Kluwer, Warszawa 2020, pp. 385
Authors: Taras Wojciech
Published: September 2021

The reviewed monograph is the first study of this kind in the Polish doctrine of administrative law. It consists of a short introduction, five chapters, each of which is closed with a few-page selection of the jurisprudence of common and administrative courts, and an ending with a summary of the presented considerations and eight de lege ferenda remarks, as well as an extensive bibliography. The author analyzed a number of acts of different legal force concerning the administrative and legal consequences of death for the relatives and society. Attention was paid in particular to the issues of death of the guardian of a public administration body, the obligations of the medical facility towards the patient and his family, the preparation of a death certificate, handling of the corpse and the location of cemeteries.
Legal Aspects of the Executive Bodies System Formation in the Area of the Use and Protection of Historical and Cultural Lands in Ukraine
Authors: Bevz Olena
Published: September 2021

This article aims to determine the system of the state bodies of executive power in terms of their competence in cultural and historical land usage and protection, taking into account the latest changes in Ukrainian legislation. The author emphasizes that the administration of lands designated for historical and cultural use and protection should take place within a framework of executive bodies specifically authorized as regards cultural heritage protection. Special attention is drawn to the powers of such state bodies like the Ministry of Culture and Information Policy of Ukraine, the State Service for the Protection of Cultural Heritage of Ukraine, and the State Inspection for Cultural Heritage of Ukraine. The article includes a historical and contemporary overview of central executive bodies that ensure the formation and implementation of state policy in the sphere of cultural heritage protection. This scientific study focuses on the constant changes that occur in the system of executive power. The results of the investigation show that these changes in Ukraine take place irregularly today and are not conducive to the efficient use and protection of lands of historical and cultural significance.
Studi Simulasi Numerik dan Eksperimental Perpindahan Panas Konduksi 2 Dimensi di Permukaan Pahat Bubut Karbida Pada Proses Pembubutan Muka
Authors: Kurniawan Perwita , Hutama Adhi Setya , Budiantoro Cahyo
Published: September 2021

Proses pembubutan menimbulkan sebaran panas pada permukaan alat potong atau pahat. Sebaran panas pada permukaan pahat dapat dianalisa dengan penentuan persamaan perpindahan panas di awal. Dalam penelitian ini, persamaan perpindahan panas 2 dimensi diselesaikan dengan metode beda hingga. Metode komputasi digunakan untuk menyelesaikan model perpindahan panas secara dua dimensi, sebab sangat sulit untuk diselesaikan dengan analisis secara matematis. Metode Alternating Direct Implicit digunakan untuk mendiskritisasi persamaan perpindahan panas 2 dimensi. Temperatur hasil komputasi dapat diilustrasikan dengan tampilan Matlab. Luaran penelitian ini adalah data sebaran temperatur hasil eksperimen dan komputasi. Temperatur maksimal hasil komputasi sebesar 309,99 Kelvin di titik 1, dan mulai stabil pada detik ke-110. Temperatur terendah hasil komputasi berada pada titik 3 dan 4 sebesar 309,60 Kelvin, dan mulai stabil pada detik ke-110. Temperatur maksimal hasil pengujian sebesar 388,00 Kelvin di titik 1 pada detik ke-120, saat akhir pengujian. Temperatur terendah hasil komputasi berada pada titik 3 sebesar 310,44 Kelvin pada detik ke-120, saat akhir pengujian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, rata-rata perbedaan temperatur antara kondisi nyata dengan hasil komputasi adalah sebesar 1,03 Kelvin.
Pengaruh Beda Temperatur Proses Injeksi Terhadap Sifat Mekanis Bahan Polypropylene (PP) Daur Ulang
Authors: Hakim Jamirul , Joharwan Johanes Wawan , Heru Palmiyanto Martinus
Published: September 2021

Polypropylene merupakan salah satu bahan plastik yang umum digunakan pada kemasan makanan dan peralatan rumah tangga karena sifat materialnya yang padat dan keras. Produk berbahan plastik memiliki dampak yang buruk terhadap lingkungan dalam pemakaian. Penggunaan plastik yang meningkat dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif, seperti pencemaran lingkungan dan sampah plastik, yang membutuhkan waktu yang panjang untuk bisa hancur dan terurai. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penelitian tentang penggunaan bahan daur ulang dalam pembuatan produk plastik polypropylene dengan suhu injeksi yang bervariasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat bagaimana perbedaan temperatur injeksi memengaruhi sifat mekanik dan fraktografi bahan polypropylene daur ulang.Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan membuat spesimen multipurpose yang sama dengan ISO 294-1:2012 dengan material polypropylene daur ulang 2 kali dan proses fabrikasi mesin injection molding dengan kapasitas pencekaman 70 ton dengan material polypropylene daur ulang 2 kali. Pengujian yang dilakukan menggunakan uji tarik dengan ISO 527–1 dan uji impak dengan metode Charpy ISO 179. Uji impak patahan dianalisis dengan mikroskop optik digital untuk mengetahui fraktografi patahan spesimen.Hasil dari penelitian ini mendapatkan nilai kuat tarik maksimal pada temperatur injeksi 190℃ sebesar 33,2 MPa, nilai kuat tarik terakhir pada temperatur injeksi 220℃ sebesar 32,7 MPa dan nilai kuat tarik terakhir pada temperatur injeksi 250℃ sebesar 33,1 MPa. Nilai maksimal uji impak pada temperatur injeksi 190°C sebesar 3,04 KJ/m2, nilai kuat impak pada temperatur injeksi 220°C sebesar 2,72 KJ/m2 dan nilai kuat impak pada temperatur injeksi 250°C sebesar 1,77 KJ/m2. Hasil pengamatan mikroskop optik digital menunjukkan bahwa fraktografi pada spesimen PP daur ulang variasi temperatur injeksi 190°C, 220°C, dan 250°C tidak terlalu berbeda ada void (berongga) di setiap spesimen hasil patahan uji impak. Void (berongga) pada spesimen dapat menurunkan nilai mekanisnya didukung dari hasil uji mekanis. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin tinggi temperatur dan penggunaan material yang semakin banyak di daur ulang maka akan menurun kualitas dari material tersebut.
Pengembangan Konsep Desain dan Fabrikasi Mesin Penyortir Buah Duku (Lansium Parasiticum)
Authors: Hariyanto Satriawan Dini , Adi Himarosa Rela , Brian Aditya Andreas , Hidayat Sandy , Sulistyo Wibowo Eko , Nandy Krisnansia Disa
Published: September 2021

Pengembangan konsep desain mesin penyortir buah duku (Lansium Parasiticum) dilakukan menggunakan metode Five Step Method. Diperoleh tiga konsep mesin yang kemudian dipilih satu dari tiga konsep terbaik menggunakan metode product champion dilanjutkan dengan pembuatan desain 3D dan Finite Element Analysis (FEA) menggunakan software autodesk inventor 2017. Analisis FEA menunjukkan nilai von Misses stress sebesar 18 MPa bernilai lebih kecil dibanding yield strength material penyusun rangka sebesar 207 MPa, displacement yang terjadi sebesar 0,99 mm dengan nilai safety factor 15. Fabrikasi dan pengujian mesin menunjukkan nilai persentase keberhasilan proses penyortiran pada mesin lebih dari 85% dengan kapasitas sortir 400 kg/jam.
Pengaruh Arus dan Tegangan Pengelasan SMAW Baja Karbon Rendah Grade A dan Baja Karbon Rendah Grade B terhadap Sifat Mekanik
Authors: Waaddulloh Muizzaddin , Sulardjaka Sulardjaka , Dwi Haryadi Gunawan
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan meneliti pengaruh arus dan tegangan terhadap kekuatan tarik, kekuatan impak, kekerasan dan struktur mikro pada hasil pengelasan baja A242 dan baja A588. Pengelasan SMAW menggunakan elektrode E7016 DC+ polaritas terbalik dan elektrode AWS A5.1 tipe RD 260 diameter 3.2 mm dengan variasi arus pengelasan: 60A, 120A, dan 180A, serta variasi tegangan pengelasan: 20,30 dan 40 dengan kecepatan 50 [mm/min]. Jenis kampuh sambungan yang digunakan yaitu single “V” Groove sudut 60º. Pengujian tarik dilakukan berdasarkan standar ASTM E 8M-04, standar pengujian impak berdasarkan ASTM E23, standar pengujian struktur mikro berdasarkan ASTM E407, dan untuk standar pengujian kekerasan mikro vikers berdasarkan ASTM E92. Setelah melakukan pengujian dan pembahasan diketahui bahwa menggunakan variabel arus dan tegangan yang besar sangat memengaruhi dari hasil nilai kekuatan Tarik dan pengujian impak. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh faktor adanya perbedaan dalam metode pengelasan dan panas yang diterima (heat input), sehingga memiliki struktur mikro yang berbeda pula. Hasil pengujian struktur mikro juga menghasilkan struktur ferit, pearlit dan juga memperlebar butiran las pada daerah weld metal.
A literature review on techniques of gingival retraction
Authors: Nandal Neha , Budhiraja Dimple , Sehrawat Monika , Bharathesh S , Ul Sadiq Nasir , Sharma Divya
Published: September 2021

For the better out come of the fixed dental prosthesis in terms of periodontal health, in terms of aesthetics and longevity of the prosthesis, a good and proper retraction of the gingival tissue is very much required. For the proper placement of the fixed dental prosthesis over the prepared tooth requires close contact with the adjacent tissue i.e. gingiva, so for the proper and placement of the prosthesis in the close proximity requires adequate isolation and retraction of the soft tissue around the prepared tooth. For the procedure of gingival retraction various methods and different materials are available.
Immediate implant placement of BCS implant with and without platelet rich fibrin – An original research
Authors: Sharma Sunny , Singh Ramandeep , Sharma Sonali , Khajuria Sakshi , Udhey Chander , Sharma Shivam
Published: September 2021

Recently, immediate implant placement has rapidly gained popularity as this procedure definitively shortens the duration of the treatment, reduces the number of surgical sessions, and minimizes the discomfort of patients. However, the clinical effectiveness of immediate implantation in the molar regions has rarely been challenged. It has been reported that immediate implant placement does not seem to counteract alveolar ridge alteration and reconstruction after tooth extraction.
A study to evaluate etiology of denture stomatitis and to determine interrelationship with trauma and candida albicans count
Authors: Arya Deeksha , Verma Aditi , Singh Saumyendra Vikram , Gupta Prashant , Pathak Anupama , Tripathi Shuchi
Published: September 2021

Denture stomatitis (DS) is a disease characterized by inflammation and erythema of the oral mucosa areas covered by the denture. Multifactorial etiological factors contribute to denture stomatitis. The purpose of this study is to identify the etiology of denture stomatitis and to establish the role of trauma and fungal infection in denture stomatitis.

Subjects wearing previously fabricated removable partial or complete denture who were diagnosed with denture stomatitis were included. It is a cross sectional questionnaire-based study, for mycological study swab sample was smeared, Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) was used as culture media. Germ tube test was used to identify Candida albicans. To test significance between different variablesKruskal-Wallis test was used.

Out of 195 subjects’ slight stomatitis was present in 52.80% patients, followed by moderate stomatitis in 32.31% and no stomatitis in 2.56% subjects. Candida was present in 25.64% patients. Candida significantly more common in moderate stomatitis than others.

This study has suggested that there is a significant relation in denture stomatitis and Candida albicans in north Indian population. No significant role of trauma was noticed. Strong correlation has been found in Denture hygiene, cleaning habits and Denture Stomatitis.
Patient satisfaction to evaluate the efficacy of mandibular advancement device in a treatment modality for mild to moderate sleep apnea patient in Indore Region
Authors: Verma Aanchal , Jain Sumeet
Published: September 2021

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) represents the most severe syndrome associated with obstruction of the upper airway. People with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) repeatedly stop breathing during their sleep for a moment or longer and as several as many times throughout one night.

The Aim of study was to evaluate the efficacy of mandibular advancement devices in different age group, between male and female and according to body mass index in mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea patient.

cross sectional study.

30 patients of different gender and age group were selected with mild to moderate OSA and asked to fill the Berlin questionnaire for diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea after obtaining the necessary consent.

The analysis was done by using SPSS, IBM version 20.0. The level of significance was fixed at 5% and p ≤ 0.05.

On evaluation of berlin questionnaire revealed that 83% of patients (including male and female) shows the significant improvement after the MAD treatment 16.7 % patient are not satisfied with the MAD.

Study shows that the patient with OSA showed Positive Berlin Questionnaire before the MAD treatment and after 2 month it was revealed that MAD treatment showed statically significant improvement in OSA.
Effect of mechanical and chemical surface treatment on bond strength of acrylic denture teeth to heat cure acrylic resin-an invitro study
Authors: Maria Viegas Mrinali , S Bhat Vidya , Kumar Shetty Sanath
Published: September 2021

Debonding of denture teeth from the denture base has posed a great problem to the clinician and patient. Chemical and mechanical treatments have been performed separately, but there are no studies performed using the combination of chemical and mechanical surface treatments. This study aims at evaluating and comparing the bond strength by using chemical and mechanical surface treatments.

60 maxillary right central incisor teeth were used in 5 groups for surface treatment on the ridge lap area: 1 untreated, 2-sandblasting, group 3- Heat cure monomer, 4- sandblasting+ monomer, 5- Dichloromethane. The acrylic teeth were attached to a wax block at an angle of 45º. These were flasked and dewaxed, followed by surface treatment and acrylisation. All cured specimens were loaded under a universal testing machine on the palatal surface at a cross head speed of 1mm/min till fracture occurred. Data obtained was statistically evaluated by one way ANOVA.

Surface treatment with dichloromethane showed the highest bond strength of acrylic teeth to heat cure denture base when compared with sandblasting and monomer application. On visual analysis of the fractured specimens, maximum amount of cohesive failures were noticed in the dichloromethane group.

Dicholoromethane can be used as an effective and quick method to improve the bonding of acrylic teeth to denture base.
Aplicação de Análise Probabilística ao Cálculo de Capacidade de Carga de Estacas Hélice Contínua
Authors: Bernardes Heitor Cardoso
Published: September 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo verificar a aplicação de métodos semi-empíricos para o cálculo de capacidade de carga de estacas hélice contínua da fundação de uma obra de construção civil em Goiânia-GO, considerando uma abordagem probabilística. Para a verificação proposta, foram utilizados os métodos semi-empíricos desenvolvidos por Aoki e Velloso (1975), Décourt e Quaresma (1978) e Antunes e Cabral (1996), bem como o método probabilístico Monte Carlo (METROPOLIS; ULAM, 1949). A variabilidade do solo foi considerada através dos resultados de sondagens à percussão do tipo SPT. Os resultados foram comparados com provas de carga estáticas realizadas no local, permitindo a verificação da probabilidade de ruptura da estrutura de fundação para cada método semi-empírico avaliado. Dentre os métodos analisados, o proposto por Décourt e Quaresma (1978) foi o que apresentou uma distribuição de probabilidade mais próxima da verificada para as provas de carga, o que indica sua maior aptidão para o dimensionamento geotécnico de estacas hélice contínua sob as condições locais.
Paro cardiaco extrahospitalario: conocimientos en una comunidad universitaria
Authors: Blanco Avila Diana María
Published: September 2021

OBJETIVO: determinar el nivel de conocimiento de una comunidad universitaria en Bogotá, para actuar como primer respondiente ante situaciones de emergencia como el paro cardiorrespiratorio y sus principales causas.

METODOLOGÍA: estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal. Muestra, 1.294 integrantes de una comunidad universitaria, margen de error 3%, nivel de confianza 97%. Muestreo por conveniencia. La información se recolectó a través de la plataforma Google forms ®, por medio de un cuestionario de 14 preguntas, distribuidas en tres categorías, reconocimiento del evento, activación de sistema de emergencias y atenciòn inicial. Se cumplieron los requisitos éticos para la investigación en salud en Colombia.

RESULTADOS: el 62.7% de los participantes identifica las acciones para reconocer un paro cardio respiratorio y aunque el 83,6% ante estas situaciones llamaría a emergencias solo el 37% conoce el número telefónico. La sospecha de síndrome coronario agudo es un evento considerado por un 68,2% como una emergencia, no sucede lo mismo con el ACV, donde solo el 52,1%, tiene esta claridad. El 81.4% describe acciones correctas frente a una víctima con obstrucción grave de la vía aérea por cuerpo extraño, 50.6% si la obstrucción es leve.

CONCLUSIÓN: el nivel de conocimiento de la comunidad universitaria en materia de atención del paro cardiorrespiratorio extrahospitalario es bajo predominantemente relacionado con las maniobras de reanimación cardiopulmonar y la operación del DEA. Resulta necesario implementar estrategias educativas dirigidas a todas las comunidades y esto podría ser una oportunidad de desarrollo para el profesional de enfermería en los diferentes ámbitos de acción.
О СМЕНЕ ПАРАДИГМ В ТЕОРИИ ЮРИДИЧЕСКОГО ЛИЦА: СУБСИДИАРНАЯ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТЬ КАК КРИТЕРИЙ ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЦИИ ЮРИДИЧЕCКОЙ ЛИЧНОСТИ ОБЩЕСТВА ОТ ЛИЧНОСТИ ЕГО УЧАСТНИКА
Authors: ШАПСУГОВА Мариетта Дамировна
Published: September 2021

В статье рассмотрена в исторической ретроспективе трансформация личной связи участника с товариществом как объединением лиц в объединение капиталов в форме общества с ограниченной ответственностью
Investigation of rice quality milling in abrasive and blade whiteners in terms of breakage percentage and degree of milling
Authors: Heidarisoltanabadi Mohsen , Salemi Hamidreza , Tahani Behshad , Fathi Sasan
Published: September 2021

Reduction of rice losses is very important. In this study, appropriate moisture contents for milling of three common rice cultivars were determined in abrasive and blade whiteners. To this end, a factorial test based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out in two milling systems: abrasive and blade whiteners, on three paddy cultivars: Sorkheh, Sazandegi, and Tarom and at four moisture contents: 8, 10, 12 and 14% (on wet basis). The paddy cultivars were dried and converted into white rice in abrasive and blade systems. In each treatment, the rice-breakage percentage, the DOM, the working capacity and the power consumption of each system were measured. The results showed that cultivar Sorkheh had the lowest rice-breakage rate. In addition, the mean breakage rate and DOM were significantly lower in the abrasive whitener than in the blade whitener. Based on results, most appropriate milling moisture contents for the cultivars Sorkheh, Sazandegi, and Tarom were 10, 12, and 10%, respectively, in the abrasive system, and 10, 12, and 12%, respectively, in the blade system. The working capacity and power consumption in the abrasive system were 1.7 and 3.43 times as much as those in the blade system, respectively.
Use of Soil Conservation Practices for Climate Change Adaptation among Arable Crop Farmers in Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Igwe Agube Ejeje , Ironbar Ogbonna Kalu
Published: September 2021

The study examined farmers’ use of soil conservation practices as strategies for climate change adaptation in Cross River State, Nigeria. A Multistage random sampling technique was used to draw 180 respondents for the study. Structured interview schedule was used to elicit data for the study while descriptive statistics was used for data analysis. Findings from the study revealed that all the respondents were aware of mulching (100%) and majority were aware of planting of cover crops (98.3%) and organic fertilizer (98.3%) among other SCP while some of the frequently utilized soil conservation practices were found to be mulching (mean – 2.95), mixed cropping (mean – 2.85), shifting cultivation (mean – 2.83), planting of cover crops (mean - 2.63) among other SCP. Population pressure on land ranked highest (mean = 2.64) as the most serious constraint to the use of soil conservation practices followed by effect of urbanization (mean = 2.53). The study concludes that arable crop farmers are aware of and are utilizing various soil conservation practices suitable to their local needs to cushion the impacts of climate change and recommends enactment of a law by governments that allows for localization of land for various purposes in order to reduce population pressure on arable land.
Nutrition Promotion and Collective Vegetable Gardening by Adolescent Girls: Feasibility Assessment from a Pilot in Afghanistan
Authors: Alim Md. Abdul , Hossain M Anowar
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to assess the feasibility of collective vegetable gardening into an existing development programme for adolescent girls as a means of improving awareness about health and nutrition and increasing vegetable consumption in Afghanistan. A one and half year pilot study tested the feasibility of layering an intervention that combined agricultural training and input support in Kabul, Parwan and Kapisa regions on an adolescent programme implemented by a non-government organisation. The study included 400 adolescent girls for survey and qualitative tools to understand the local context of adolescent girls' participation in vegetable cultivation. The assessment demonstrates the evidence that despite of the challenging situation and traditional culture in Afghanistan the pilot had successfully engaged almost all of the adolescent girls in collective vegetables cultivation by making them aware about health, nutrition and the usefulness of vegetables consumption while the bad effects of not intake those. And the cultivation proved itself financially viable and very much effective for the community though there were little challenges. The pilot would be feasible and scalable to address the malnutrition and girls' marginalization if those challenges were taken into consideration carefully.
The Role of Government in Agricultural and Rural Development: Review of Agricultural Policies in Ukraine after Independence with a Look at the EU and South Korea Experience
Authors: Rieznik Stanislav , Beom Lee Hwan
Published: September 2021

Support for prime agricultural producers in Ukraine has been characterized by high volatility in the last decade, and some recent policy developments have contributed to the volatility and unpredictability. Until recently, the government support for agricultural holdings led to an increase in the export potential of the sector, but, on the other hand, it also brought a number of negative consequences. This study aims at reviewing of the present status of Ukraine's agricultural sector and rural areas and examines the role of the government intervention and support in the transformation of the agricultural sector and its effect on rural development to provide policy recommendations in this regard. Based on the analysis, the study provides policy recommendations suggesting that government need to promote cooperation of small farms and households (helping them to develop in organic agriculture direction) with agricultural holding companies and emphasizes that development of rural non-farm employment opportunities can be seen as a pillar of the rural development policy. In addition, it is necessary to foster organic agricultural development and provide local governments with greater authority in order to achieve sustainable agricultural sector and rural areas development.
Response Kailan Plants (Brassica oleraceae L.) to the Immersion Plant Growth Regulator (GA3) with Various Types Growing Media
Authors: Ginandjar Salamet , Dikayani  , Nurhakim Fajri Syahid
Published: September 2021

Gibberellin are hormones that accelerate the germination of seeds, buds sprout, stem elongation, leaf growth, stimulate flowering, fruit development, affecting root growth and differentiation. The research aims to determine the response kailan plants (Brassica oleraceae L.) against immersion PGR gibberellin (GA3) with various types growing media have been conducted in Ciparanje Jatinangor since March 2015 to May 2015. Using a randomized block design (RAK) factorial design with three replications consisting of two factors. The first factor is the provision of PGR gibberellin (GA3) which consists of: (1) 0 ppm (2) 25 ppm (3) 50 ppm (4) 75 ppm (5) 100 ppm. The second factor is the type of growing media consisting of: (1) land (2) husk (3) cocopeat, with observation parameters plant height, leaf number, fresh plant weight, dry plant weight and dashed root. The results showed that the use of PGR gibberellin (GA3) with a concentration of (g2) 50 ppm and the type of soil planting medium (m1) of the most influential in improving growth and yield of kailan plant.
Effect of Chicken Fertilizer Combination and Concentration Of Organic Liquid Fertilizer (LOF) on Growth and Results of Sawi Plant (Brassica Junceae L.) Shinta Variety
Authors: R Budiasih , Hadian Sandi , Salim Mohamad Agus , Subandi M
Published: September 2021

This research was aimed to test the efficacy of organic liquid fertilizer and to know its effect on the growth and yield of sawi plant. The environmental design used was Randomized Block Design (RBD), consisting of nine treatments and each repeated three times. The combination treatment of chicken manure and liquid organic fertilizer were tested, namely : A = Stable chicken manure 0 ton ha-1 + LOF 0 ml L-1 Solution, B = Stable chicken manure 0 ton ha-1 + LOF 3 ml L-1 Solution, C = Stable chicken manure 0 ton ha-1 + LOF 6 ml L-1 Solution, D = Stable chicken manure 10 ton ha-1 + LOF 0 ml L-1 Solution, E = Stable chicken manure 10 ton ha-1 + LOF 3 ml L-1 Solution, F = Stable chicken manure 10 ton ha-1 + LOF 6 ml L-1 Solution, G = Stable chicken manure 20 ton ha-1 + LOF 0 ml L-1 Solution, H = Stable chicken manure (dung) 20 ton ha-1 + LOF 3 ml L-1 Solution, I = Stable chicken manure 20 ton ha-1 + LOF 6 ml L-1 Solution. The results showed that the combination of chicken manure and liquid organic fertilizer had a significantly different effect on all growth parameters and yield of Shinta variety mustard plants, using a combination of chicken manure dosage of 20 tons ha-1 and liquid organic fertilizer with a concentration of 6 ml L- 1 Solution give a better influence on the growth and yield of Shinta variety mustard plants.
Forecasting Import Demand of Table Grapes: Empirical Evidence from Thailand
Authors: Jatuporn Chalermpon , Sukprasert Patana , Tongchure Siros , Suvanvihok Vasu , Thongkaew Supat
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study is to forecast the import demand of table grapes of Thailand using monthly time series from January 2007 to April 2020. The ADF unit root test is used for stationarity checking, and seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) is applied to forecast the import demand of table grapes. The results revealed that the integration of time series was in the first difference for non-seasonal and seasonal order. The best-fitted forecasting model was SARIMA(1,1,3)(2,1,0)12. The forecasted period for the next eight months showed the import demand of table grapes of Thailand that is slightly decreased by an average of 11.398 percent, with overall expected to decrease by an average of 15.218 percent in 2020.