bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing of Seedless Grape Varieties
Authors: Özlem Boztepe , Ahmet Altındişli , Arif Atak , Yeşim Doyğacı
Published: December 2023

In this study, it was planned to identify the seedless genotypes by screening with molecular markers for early selection among the F1 genotypes obtained in the hybridization study. In addition, it was aimed to determine the appropriate sampling time by applying the embryo rescue technique for F1 genotypes obtained from these combinations in which seedless varieties were used as the female parent. When the conversion rates into plants were examined, 50% success was achieved in the Yalova Seedless X Glenora combination, while this rate was 62.5% in the Yalova Seedless X Philipp combination. In the study, F1 genotypes obtained from these were screened with the VvAGL11 marker. When the appropriate sampling times were examined, while the 8th week was prominent in the Yalova Seedless X Philipp combination, the best results were obtained from the samples taken at the 9th week in the Yalova Seedless X Glenora combination.
Large-scale screening of unknown varieties in a grapevine intra-varietal variability collection
Authors: Gonçalves Elsa , Faísca-Silva David , Rocheta Margarida , Pinto Teresa , Carvalho Luísa , Pereira Leonor , Barrias Sara , Rocha Sara , Lopes Ângela , Guimarães Joana , Mota Teresa , Costa Paulo , Manso José , Arnaldo Luís , Cardoso Mário , Graça António , Almeida César , Vaz Luís , Pedroso Vanda , Brazão João , Carlos Francisco , Cavaco Ana , Chambel Ana , Mendes Luís , Godinho Maria , Cachão Miguel , Mata Francisco , Fino Cristina , Costa João , Fernandes José , Porfírio José , Cunha Jorge , Matos José , Simões Fernanda , Martins-Lopes Paula , Viegas Wanda , Martins Antero
Published: December 2023

Since the last decade of the last century, it is known that many old grapevine varieties are descendants of other varieties through natural crossing. Portugal has an important program for the conservation of representative samples of intra-varietal variability of all autochthonous varieties, managed by the Portuguese Association for Grapevine Diversity (PORVID), which makes looking for genotypes with dubious identification an important activity from a perspective of its valorisation. This communication presents the results of the molecular analysis of 5,000 samples (accessions) from the PORVID’s collection, using nine microsatellite loci currently recommended by the International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV) for genetic grapevine identification. The results obtained confirmed the molecular identity of 4,220 samples corresponding to 214 varieties present in the official list of Portuguese varieties. In 780 samples, 95 profiles with a plural number of accessions revealed not to be listed in the Vitis International Variety Catalogue (VIVC) database, corresponding to possible varieties either descendent from natural crossing from at least one known parental variety, or from undetermined origin. Furthermore, the need for a comprehensive strategy aimed at uncovering other hidden varieties is discussed to prevent their imminent loss, deepen understanding of their origin, and add economic value and sustainability to the vine and wine sector.
Phenobot - Intelligent photonics for molecular phenotyping in Precision Viticulture
Authors: Martins R.C. , Cunha M. , Santos F. , Tosin R. , Barroso T.G. , Silva F. , Queirós C. , Pereira M.R. , Moura P. , Pinho T. , Boaventura J. , Magalhães S. , Aguiar A.S. , Silvestre J. , Damásio M. , Amador R. , Barbosa C. , Martins C. , Araújo J. , Vidal J.P. , Rodrigues F. , Maia M. , Rodrigues V. , Garcia A. , Raimundo D. , Trindade M. , Pestana C. , Maia P.
Published: December 2023

The Phenobot platform is comprised by an autonomous robot, instrumentation, artificial intelligence, and digital twin diagnosis at the molecular level, marking the transition from pure data-driven to knowledge-driven agriculture 4.0, towards a physiology-based approach to precision viticulture. Such is achieved by measuring the plant metabolome ‘in vivo' and 'in situ', using spectroscopy and artificial intelligence for quantifying metabolites, e.g.: i. grapes: chlorophylls a and b, pheophytins a and b, anthocyanins, carotenoids, malic and tartaric acids, glucose and fructose; ii. foliage: chlorophylls a and b, pheophytins a and b, anthocyanins, carotenoids, nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, sugars, and leaf water potential; and iii. soil nutrients (NPK). The geo-referenced metabolic information of each plant (organs and tissues) is the basis of multi-scaled analysis: i. geo-referenced metabolic maps of vineyards at the macroscopic field level, and ii. genome-scale 'in-silico' digital twin model for inferential physiology (phenotype state) and omics diagnosis at the molecular and cellular levels (transcription, enzyme efficiency, and metabolic fluxes). Genome-scale 'in-silico' Vitis vinifera numerical network relationships and fluxes comprise the scientific knowledge about the plant's physiological response to external stimuli, being the comparable mechanisms between laboratory and field experimentation - providing a causal and interpretable relationship to a complex system subjected to external spurious interactions (e.g., soil, climate, and ecosystem) scrambling pure data-driven approaches. This new approach identifies the molecular and cellular targets for managing plant physiology under different stress conditions, enabling new sustainable agricultural practices and bridging agriculture with plant biotechnology, towards faster innovations (e.g. biostimulants, anti-microbial compounds/mechanisms, nutrition, and water management). Phenobot is a project under the Portuguese emblematic initiative in Agriculture 4.0, part of the Recovery and Resilience Plan (Ref. PRR: 190 Ref. 09/C05-i03/2021 – PRR-C05-i03-I-000134).
Viticulture under climate change: A case study on a water scarcity model
Authors: Pereira Leonor , Valente Antonio , Soares Bruno , Costa Carlos , Soares Salviano , Lima José , Gonçalves Igor
Published: December 2023

Changes in climatic patterns hinder the prediction of water availability, being imperative to develop new strategies to optimise water management in the agricultural sector. A multi-sensor network is being developed by ADVID/CoLAB VINES&WINES and University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), aiming to determine water stress in vineyards, as a Decision Support System (DSS) for winegrowers. Remote wireless data transmission through LoRaWAN technology, will allow the development of a Machine Learning based model for water stress mapping. Measured parameters include soil, plant, and atmosphere data, given the importance of soil-plant-atmosphere continnum when evaluating water status. The pilot is installed in a commercial vineyard in the Douro Demarcated Region (DDR), and different sensor’s modules were distributed spatially in the parcel. Lower cost and higher range than WiFi or Bluetooth, LoRaWAN are especially important for applications in remote areas, where mobile networks have little coverage, allowing to benefit a larger number of producers. While overcoming the constraints of the current monitoring method (Scholander pressure bomb), this system will allow remote and continuous water monitoring, assisting the producer in decision making. Altogether, this solution will contribute to better management of water resources, as well to the sustainability and competitiveness of farms.
Study for the development of a rapid and non-destructive method for copper analysis in vineyards towards a precision fungal defense strategy
Authors: Celotti Emilio , Sadeghian Fateme , Comuzzo Piergiorgio , Iacumin Lucilla , Zanzotti Roberto , Giovannini Oscar , Trioli Gianni , Pio Torraco Nicola , Visintini Oliviero , Mian Giovanni
Published: December 2023

In the defense against downy mildew, copper is still widely used, particularly in organic management. At any rate, specific investigations are needed to significantly reduce the use of copper and minimize its environmental impact. This study, conducted in several farms in Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Northeast Italy), aimed to evaluate the concentration of copper on leaves in various climatic conditions, in order to create an important database for the development of a rapid control system through image analysis. The tests involved sampling leaves and grapes from bud break until the last treatment with copper-based products. After copper recovery using a nitric acid solution, the copper values were analyzed via ICP-AES analysis. Cuprotesmo imprints were also made on the same leaves to develop an application (APP) capable of quickly and non-destructively detecting copper on the leaf surface through image analysis. The analytical data revealed significant correlations between image analysis and copper values only in certain situations involving adult leaves. However, due to the variability in treatment situations, the use of the APP with image analysis for all copper defense scenarios is not yet feasible. Nevertheless, the results are encouraging and will serve for further extensive investigations to develop an image analysis system capable of detecting truly active copper and optimizing pesticide treatments for a precision defense strategy. This strategy aims to ensure low environmental impact, production sustainability, and grape quality.
Contraste entre despampanado y aclareo de racimos, aplicados antes del envero, en la respuesta vegetativa, productiva y cualitativa del cv. Verdejo
Authors: Yuste Jesús , Martínez-Porro Daniel
Published: December 2023

El efecto sumidero de la uva frente a la superficie foliar, como fuente de fotosintatos, es un aspecto muy debatido en cuanto a la repercusión que puede tener en el desarrollo del viñedo y en la calidad de la uva. En ciertas zonas, la limitación del nivel productivo es argumentado como factor principal para alcanzar niveles de alta calidad en el vino, pero se conoce poco sobre los efectos que las distintas operaciones reguladoras pueden tener en variedades blancas de vid. Así, el trabajo persigue contrastar la respuesta de la cepa a la aplicación de dos alternativas de regulación de cosecha: aclareo de racimos y despampanado, aplicadas en la fase inmediatamente anterior al envero, en el cv. Verdejo, en España.

Durante el periodo 2017-2019, la respuesta productiva y cualitativa del cv. Verdejo, sobre 110-R, fue estudiada tras aplicar, en fase de pre-envero, los tratamientos experimentales: AR, aclareo de racimos (respetando 1 racimo en cada pámpano); DP, despampanado (eliminando un pámpano en cada pulgar y respetando íntegramente el otro pámpano). El diseño experimental es en 4 bloques al azar, con parcela elemental de 12 cepas de control, en un viñedo conducido en espaldera, plantado en 2012, a 2,8 x 1,4 m, y podado en cordón Royat bilateral con 8 pulgares de 2 yemas por cepa.

El desarrollo vegetativo se vio significativamente afectado por el despampanado con respecto al aclareo de racimos, reduciendo el peso de madera de poda casi un 40%, a pesar del aumento medio del 16% del peso del sarmiento. La producción de uva se vio reducida por el despampanado una media del 11%, como consecuencia, sobre todo, de la reducción del número de racimos por cepa, así como de la ligera disminución del peso del racimo. La concentración de azúcares, el pH, el ácido málico y el contenido de potasio se vieron ligeramente reducidos por el despampanado con respecto al aclareo, mientras que la acidez titulable y el ácido tartárico resultaron algo mayores. En definitiva, la eliminación de la mitad de los pámpanos, que conlleva la reducción de la relación fuente-sumidero con respecto al aclareo de racimos, ha limitado ligeramente el desarrollo de diversos componentes del rendimiento, así como la concentración de azúcares, de ácido málico y de potasio, a la vez que el pH, favoreciendo la acidez total en la uva. La elección de la técnica de regulación productiva dependerá de los aspectos cualitativos que se quieran potenciar y de la disponibilidad hídrica para el viñedo, pues el despampanado descarga más la expresión vegetativa, aliviando el posible estrés hídrico, que el aclareo directo de racimos.
Evaluation of risk factors in the development of the viticulture and wine sector in the Republic of Moldova (compared to Ukraine, Romania, Czech Republic, Germany)
Authors: Gheorghe Nicolaescu , Mariana Godoroja , Ana Nicolaescu , Inga Cotoros , Ana Maria Nicolaescu , Cornelia Voinesco , Olga Mogildea , Valeria Procopenco
Published: December 2023

The viticulture and winemaking sector of the Republic of Moldova is important and strategic for the national economy. The successful activity of enterprises in the viticulture and winemaking sector is closely related to some factors - risk factors. During the 2020-2022 years, enterprises from the Moldova, Ukraine, Romania, the Czech Republic, Germany, with viticulture and winemaking activities, were surveyed. Criteria for assessing risk factors ranged from 1.0 (low) to 5.0 (high). As a result of data processing, the following total average results were obtained - economic factors - Moldova - 4.08, Ukraine - 4.56, Romania - 3.92, Czech Republic - 3.51, Germany - 2.53; political factors - Moldova - 4.04, Ukraine - 4.82, Romania - 4.01, Czech Republic - 3.68, Germany - 2.86; technological factors - Moldova - 4.10, Ukraine - 4.02, Romania - 4.00, Czech Republic - 4.06, Germany - 3.60; environmental factors - Moldova - 4.06, Ukraine - 4.13, Romania - 3.75, Czech Republic - 3.24, Germany - 2.13; legislative factors - Moldova - 4.05, Ukraine - 4.60, Romania - 4.06, Czech Republic - 4.02, Germany - 4.00; information factors - Moldova - 4.02, Ukraine - 4.46, Romania - 3.48, Czech Republic - 3.92, Germany - 3.23; group of moral factors - Moldova - 4.04, Ukraine - 4.20, Romania - 4.15, Czech Republic - 3.95, Germany - 3.00; retrospective factors - Moldova - 4.13, Ukraine - 4.50, Romania - 4.02, Czech Republic - 4.01, Germany - 3.25; factor human resources - Moldova - 4.30, Ukraine - 4.42, Romania - 3.96, Czech Republic - 3.90, Germany - 3.02.
Taxonomic singularities of the veil of Flor yeasts in Fino Wines from the D.O. Jerez-Xérèz-Sherry
Authors: Manuel Cantoral-Fernández Jesús , Marina Ruiz-Muñoz , María Hernández-Fernández , Antonio Florido-Barba , Paz Villanueva-Llanes María , Simona Pizzi , Gustavo Cordero-Bueso
Published: December 2023

The veil of “Flor yeasts” are responsible for the biological aging process of wines produced in the D.O. of Jerez and Sanlúcar de Barrameda (Finos and Manzanillas) in the province of Cádiz and Fino in the D.O. Montilla-Moriles in the province of Córdoba, as well as in other wine-growing regions of the world, such as France, South Africa, California, Sardinia or Hungary. The first attempts to classify these flor veil yeasts were based on biochemical assays of sugar assimilation and fermentation. Thus, it was concluded that the yeasts involved in biological aging belonged all to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, distinguishing four subspecies or physiological races: beticus, cheresiensis, montuliensis and rouxii. On the other hand, molecular techniques, which allow the characterization of oenological yeasts and discriminate between the different strains, are usually pulsed field electrophoresis (PFGE), the analysis of the polymorphism for the length of the restriction fragments (RFLP) of mitochondrial DNA, and multiplex PCR of microsatellites. Recent studies in our laboratory show the existence of at least 9 different genotypes of S. cerevisiae veil of flor species, based on the study of microsatellites (SSR-PCR). In addition, we have detected the presence of some species of non-Saccharomyces yeasts not described previously.
Stabilization of white grape must by application of supercritical CO2 as a strategy to reduce the SO2 content
Authors: Sánchez Ana Belén Díaz , Bustos Alba Barroso , Hernández Pablo J. Pérez , Cardoso Lourdes Casas , Serrano Casimiro Mantell , Bastante Cristina Cejudo
Published: December 2023

Winemaking worldwide, and especially the one carried out in warm climates, is looking for strategies to prevent enzymatic and microbial alterations of must and wines alternative to SO2 addition. However, there is any methodology as efficient as SO2, being used in combination with those substances in the best of cases, which does not suppose a real solution to the problem. In search of safer alternatives to preserve enological products, high-pressure treatments using supercritical CO2 can be a sustainable alternative The aim of this study is to analyze the biocidal effect, and enzymatic inactivation of supercritical CO2 on white grape must (Pedro Ximenez variety), in order to reduce SO2 in the pre-fermentative stage. It was processed by varying the main variable of the process, the percentage of CO2 (10, 40, and 70%), keeping the rest of the variables constant (100 bar, 35 ºC 10 min). Results are very promising and any of the treatment conditions seem to alter the physicochemical characteristics of must. Regarding must stabilization, this technique has proven to be very efficient in the reduction of total microorganisms, as well as reduce enzymatic activity of polyphenol oxidase, showing better results than those obtain when using SO2.
Evaluation of plant phenolic extracts as an alternative to sulfur dioxide for the control of Oenococcus oeni and Brettanomyces bruxellensis
Authors: Salinas Bonich Felipe , Freund Maximilian , Tarasov Andrii , Bollinetti Marco , Ovadenko Olena , Christmann Monika
Published: December 2023

In the current work, the potential of plant phenolic extracts to replace the ability of SO2 to inhibit spoilage microorganisms was evaluated. The study included the application of different doses of plant phenolic concentrates to test their antimicrobial activity against O. oeni, and Brettanomyces yeasts. For the evaluation of O. oeni, Chardonnay and Riesling wines were inoculated with the lactic acid bacteria, and antimicrobial agents were added: SO2 or phenolic concentrates. Then within seven weeks and six months, the levels of malic and lactic acids in the control and treated samples were monitored. In the tests to verify the control of Brettanomyces, oak cubes were contaminated with the spoilage yeasts and later treated with water (control) or two aqueous sanitizing solutions (conventional one: water with citric acid and SO2; experimental one: containing phenolic concentrates). Later, the corresponding solutions and water were analyzed for the presence of Brettanomyces yeasts by observation and plate numbering. Results confirm the inhibitory capacity of the phenolic concentrates tested regarding these two microorganisms, showing promising results.
Blockchain: No pain, no gain? An examination of blockchain technology in the vitivinicultural sector
Authors: Bastard Alexandre , Chaillet Audrey
Published: December 2023

This review explores the potential applications of blockchain technology in the wine industry, focusing on its ability to increase transparency, traceability, and efficiency in the supply chain. The article highlights several case studies of blockchain adoption in the industry, including platforms that allow consumers to trace the origins of their wine and wineries that use blockchain to track grape production and monitor wine quality. While blockchain has the potential to bring significant benefits to the wine industry, such as improved fraud detection and reduced transaction costs, the review also points out several challenges to widespread adoption. These include the need for standardisation, regulatory concerns, and the high costs of implementing blockchain solutions. Furthermore, the review suggests that small-scale wine producers may be the biggest losers in this technological shift. Larger, more technologically advanced wineries are better equipped to absorb the costs of implementing blockchain solutions and may gain a competitive advantage over their smaller counterparts. In conclusion, while blockchain has the potential to bring positive change to the wine industry, its adoption should be accompanied by careful consideration of the potential impacts on all stakeholders, particularly smaller producers.
Investigación de los efectos del consumo moderado de vino en la enfermedad de Alzheimer en modelos de ratones con patología Aß y Tau
Authors: Montero Marta , Pérez-Matute P. , Yuste S. , Íñiguez M. , Recio-Fernández E. , Motilva M-J. , Leon-Espinosa G. , Herreras O. , Bartolomé B. , Moreno-Arribas M. V.
Published: December 2023

La enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) es la forma más común de demencia y tiene una elevada morbilidad y mortalidad. La EA se caracteriza principalmente por la presencia de dos estructuras aberrantes en el cerebro de los pacientes, placas seniles formadas por péptido-β-amiloide (Aβ) y ovillos neurofibrilares cuyo principal componente es la proteína tau fosforilada. Aunque actualmente no se conoce bien la etiopatogenia, cada vez son más los estudios que demuestran un efecto causal del microbioma intestinal sobre la EA y las funciones cognitivas, a través del "eje microbiota intestino-cerebro". Las evidencias científicas sugieren un posible efecto protector de los polifenoles del vino frente a los trastornos neurodegenerativos aunque se desconocen los mecanismos y, hasta el momento, los estudios para evaluar de forma exhaustiva el efecto del vino sobre la etiopatogenia de la EA son muy escasos. El objetivo principal de la línea de investigación que enmarca este trabajo es entender cómo la dieta, y especialmente los polifenoles presentes en los alimentos vegetales, y otros factores del estilo de vida interactúan con el microbioma oral e intestinal, en relación con la salud digestiva y el deterioro cognitivo. Para ello, se está llevando a cabo una aproximación experimental que tiene como finalidad evaluar el posible efecto protector de los polifenoles del vino, mediante la suplementación de la dieta en dos modelos murinos de la EA (patología Aß y Tau), y, por otro lado, se está profundizando en el estudio de los mecanismos de protección mediante la evaluación de los efectos del ácido protocatéquico sobre la actividad eléctrica del cerebro.
Antitumor effects of table grape extracts
Authors: Anna Milella Rosa , Gasparro Marica , Debiase Giambattista , Notarangelo Luciano , Notarnicola Maria , Tutino Valeria , Antonacci Donato
Published: December 2023

Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is a fruit rich in polyphenols, bioactive compounds able to prevent cancer, reduce tumorigenesis, and influence critical cancer-related pathways. This research shows the main results obtained in our previous works: 1) the characterization of the polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity of two table grape skin extracts (GSEs), Autumn Royal, and Egnatia; 2) the GSEs effects on Caco2 colon cancer cell; 3) the effects of GSEs on the lipid composition and the fluidity of the cell membrane. These in vitro studies suggested that Autumn Royal and Egnatia contain high levels of polyphenols, possess antiproliferative activity on the Caco2 human colon carcinoma cell line and inhibit cell migration by acting on membrane fatty acids composition. Moreover, these results highlighted that the new grape variety Egnatia is an exciting source of phenolic compounds that could interest the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Current scenario and challenges of septage treatment - A societal perspective
Authors: Shyamala G. , Gobinath R. , Kumar K. Rajesh
Published: December 2023

This paper analyzes the problem of septage management related to opportunities and solution. in accordance with present treatment technologies. The scenario in India is about 41 % of septage sludge is disposed in local area without treatment Still some of the individual housing is not connected to suitable public sewage system. The current scenario of FSM in Warangal city is 77 % of the households have proper access to toilet and 23% insanitary toilet and open defecation were found. The samples were collected from the Warangal city and were tested for the characteristics. BOD and COD were very high above 9800 mg/l. As per CPHEEO norms TSS should be less than 15000 mg/l, but it is observed in all the samples it is in the range of 24,800 mg/l to 82,460 mg/l. Currently the treatment such as sludge drying beds, lime treatment, anaerobic baffled reactor, stabilization pond, constructed wetland, composting with solid waste, Mechanical dewatering,. Neglected septage waste ash was tried for several trial run in the mix design and found 20 % to be optimum replacement of septage ash. Strength enhancement is achieved by adding glass chopped strands and workability is improved by Super plasticizer Polycarboxlate ether. Utilization of residue in septage treatment plant in cost effective and ecofriendly way by replacing cement in concrete was tried in the pilot scale study near Warangal and proven to be effective.
CFD analysis of the generic isolated indoor stadium: Impact of wind direction and roof configuration for wind drift in badminton
Authors: S M Vignesh , G Nallavan , R Ramakrishnan
Published: December 2023

Indoor stadiums are built to minimise the effects of the environment and weather on sporting events. The shuttlecock in badminton is extremely vulnerable to a slight wind gust caused by ventilation in the indoor stadium. It is critical in elite tournaments to design the driftless court area stadium without compromising player and spectator ventilation comfort. CFD simulation is used to study two roof structures widely used in indoor stadium construction: barrel and gable roofs with two ventilation openings in opposite directions for lateral and longitudinal airflow. The simulation is carried out in 3D steady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) using the Shear-Stress Transport (SST) k- ⍵ model. Grid independency is carried out to compare the results with wind tunnel measurement data from the literature. The non-dimensional velocity and coefficient of pressure contour are obtained in the vertical centre plane and horizontal plane (H=0.06m and 0.02m) from the ground. Finally, the gable roof configuration with longitudinal wind direction volume flow rate increased to 26% and the average velocity in the horizontal (H=0.02m) is 0.19 leading to low wind drift near the ground. There is no huge impact on the roof configuration (barrel and gable) compared to the wind direction (longitudinal and lateral) of the opening in the model.
Design of Thermal Energy Storage System
Authors: Mohamed Nawfal Z. , R Tanuj Nagentra , G Vishnu , Silaipillayarputhur Karthik
Published: December 2023

The paper concentrates on the design of a sensible thermal energy storage system. In a process plant, steam is used to create vacuum in a pressure vessel. Thereafter, steam is exhausted to the environment in a carbon steel pipe. A thermal energy storage system is designed to partially absorb the wasted energy and to store the energy in a tank. Dowtherm, a popular heat transfer fluid is chosen as the energy storage medium. A bolt-on heat exchanger is used to transfer heat from the steam pipe. The heating mechanism, and thermal energy storage is modelled using MATLAB. The basic energy storage system is designed by employing engineering standards, alternatives, and constraints.
Choosing The Right Photovoltaic Panel for Electric Vehicles: An Integrated Decision Support Model
Authors: Trivedi Ashish , Trivedi Vibha , Gharib Moaz
Published: December 2023

In the current era, global carbon emissions are on the rise and to achieve environmental sustainability, greenhouse gas emissions must be reduced to net zero levels with greater reliance on renewable energy sources. Due to the increasing demand for sustainable transportation options, the integration of photovoltaic (PV) panels in electric vehicles (EVs) is considered a promising solution to boost energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, selecting the most suitable photovoltaic panel for EVs is a complex process that involves multiple criteria and considerations. This research article presents an integrated decision support model using the Best-Worst Method (BWM) and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to assist in selecting the optimal module. The BWM is employed to compute the weights of eight identified criteria, reflecting the preferences and priorities of decision experts. Subsequently, the TOPSIS method is utilized to evaluate and rank a set of PV panel options based on their performance against the identified criteria. The results reveal that a mono-crystalline bulk silicon module is the best alternative followed by multi-silicon modules. This study proposes a structured decision approach for EV manufacturers to select the right PV panel, promoting energy-efficient transportation solutions.
Municipal Solid Waste Management: A Review of Machine Learning Applications
Authors: Pillai Kiran S. , M L Sneha , S Aiswarya , Anand Arya B. , Prasad Geena
Published: December 2023

This study comprises of an analysis of various Machine Learning (ML) algorithms for municipal solid waste management to enhance waste management procedures and reduce the adverse environmental effects. The increasing population has resulted in substantial environmental hazards due to increased waste generation. Therefore, an effective waste management system with much more efficient and innovative waste management techniques is required to reduce the adverse effects that would occur due to the generation of massive waste. This study reviews various ML algorithms to automate and optimize garbage generation, collection, transportation, treatment, and disposal. To deliver and predict effective and precise waste generation, segregation, and collection forecasts, the system integrates multiple ML methods including decision trees (DT), k-nearest neighbours (KNN), support vector machines (SVM), random forests (RF), and clustering algorithms.
The financial and sustainability impact of fintech on Indian deposit money institutions: A study of the last decade
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet , Pathak Nitin
Published: December 2023

The study was related to finding out how the financial results of Indian banks are affected by Artificial intelligence. Secondary data from 2017 to 2022 was taken from the Data release of the Reserve Bank of India (Monthly Bank wise ATM/POS/NEFT/Mobile banking) and for Return on Assets, the website of the Indian Banking Association was used. The validity of the data was assessed using a normalcy test, and the Controlled variables passed from the multicollinearity statistics tests and Partial least square (PLS) regression. Results depict that ATM, Mobile banking, and NEFT have a considerable impact on Return on assets (ROA). While point of sale (POS) services have negligible impact. To improve bank performance, the study suggested that Indian deposit money institutions should teach their customers more about how to utilize National Electronic Fund Transfer (NEFT), Mobile banking, and POS, as well as boost the number of Automatic Teller Machines (ATM) withdrawals. Even the different retail outlets must increase options to pay money so that the customers can pay as they want, and POS gets increased. Policymakers got a fair idea from this study regarding how to draft policies relating to fintech and improve the environment or social sustainability.
Comparative study of wind and ice loads on telecommunication towers in hilly terrain
Authors: Gayatri Gokul , Reddy B. Tirumala , Narender B.
Published: December 2023

Telecommunication structures are usually defined as steel lattice towers on which they mount microwave dish antennas. These are slender, tall, highly optimised structures and the loading conditions that control their performance are extreme cold, snowfall, and strong winds. Strong winds combined with ice accumulation on the structure's members and dishes are the primary reasons of collapse. This comparative study is to investigate the effect of ice loads combined with wind load analysis of triangular tower configuration comprising of height 60m located in hilly terrain (specially dealt with cold region) having wind zones 39mps and 55mps. By referring specialized standards for analysis of lattice towers, reduction of wind load shall be considered when ice loads are accounted for analysis. Initial design is performed for full wind load of the tower configuration through space truss analysis using STAAD.Pro V22 software and same is checked with combined wind and ice loads as per appropriate standards. A comparison statement is derived on effect of ice loads on analysis of structure – leg forces, bracing forces and deflection for tower configuration considered in parametric study.
Experimental Investigation on Properties of Scrap Rubber Tyre as Fine Aggregate in Concrete
Authors: Dharsan S. Arjun , Arunsahayaraj S. , Manikandan S. , Kumar P. Satheesh
Published: December 2023

In the current work, Investigation of a cube, cylinder, and beams cast of M35 grade by replacing 5,10,15 and 20 percent of rubber tyre with fine aggregate as well as 0.5%,1%,1.5%, and 2% of conplast SP430 superplasticizer were added respectively and their properties were articulated. Waste tyre concrete, also known as rubberized concrete, is an innovative and sustainable construction material that addresses both environmental concerns and the need for enhanced concrete properties. The waste tyre rubber inclusion in concrete not only decreases the environmental effect of tyre disposal but also enhances the concrete’s mechanical and durability characteristics. The process of producing waste tyre concrete involves shredding and grinding waste tyres into small rubber particles, which are then mixed with cement, fine aggregates, and water to form the concrete mixture. The appropriate mix design ensures an optimal balance between rubber content and other ingredients to achieve the desired performance. From the study, it is endorsed that 10 percent of rubber tyre partially replace the fine aggregate which provides the optimum compressive strength of 36.42 N/mm2 using a superplasticizer. The rubber concrete of 10% replacement shows an improvement of 1.6 times when compared with the traditional concrete.
Performance Evaluation of RBF Wells with Special Reference to Water Quality Parameters in Hard Rock Region of Tungabhadra Catchment
Authors: H Vijaya Kumar , Patil Nagaraj S. , B.K Purandara
Published: December 2023

Tungabhadra River is the chief source for drinking water and agriculture developments in Davangere and adjoining districts of Karnataka. It is reported that the water of Tungabhadra is getting polluted by the direct / indirect effluent discharges due to which people living on the river bank are facing the problem of drinking water. River Bank Filtration (RBF) wells which will naturally treat the polluted surface and ground water have been drilled in perpendicular to the river at a distance of 30m, 50m and 80m to understand the extent of treatment of RBF wells to provide clean and safe drinking water. The present study deals with the problems of water quality in a selected village (Somlapura) located in a hard rock terrain of river Tungabhadra, Karnataka, India. As a part of the investigation, water samples were collected from River Bank Filtration wells and adjoining river and aquifers were analyzed using standard methods. Outcomes of water quality presents that the concentrations of turbidity and total coliform were lesser in the RBF well water samples when compared to Tungabhadra River water samples. The water from RBF wells contained fresh water, which is highly mineralized and free from bacterial contamination relative to the water from river. However, groundwater of the adjoining aquifers showed wide variations in various physio-chemical parameters. From the analysis, unsafe levels of total coliforms (included E.coli and F. Coli) were detected in Tungabhadra River i.e., It varied between 1680 and 3179 MPN/100 ml. It is observed that the average removal efficiency of coliform bacteria from RBF well 1 & 2 was 99.84% and 99.82% respectively.
Utilization of Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash in Cold Mix Asphalt as Filler
Authors: Deb Pinki , Singh Kh.Lakshman
Published: December 2023

Road infrastructures are pivotal to the development of infrastructure, transport and overall economy of any country which has a detrimental effect on the environment. So, adopting an eco-friendly pavement technology with the utilization of waste is of paramount importance. In this study, Cold mix asphalt (CMA) is produced with fillers like Fly ash (FA) and Rice husk ash (RHA) and parameters like Marshall stability, Marshall quotient, Indirect tensile strength, moisture susceptibility and rutting resistance of CMA mixes were determined through laboratory tests. Replacing SD with RHA and FA can improve the Marshall stability to 20.32% and 25.99% respectively. The Marshall quotient value of mixes with SD, RHA and FA are 1.93 kN/mm, 2.68 kN/mm and 3.01 kN/mm at 8%, 9% and 8% optimum binder content respectively. The betterment in tensile strength and moisture susceptibility of mixes was also found. The rutting deformation of the mix with SD is 16.57 mm, the highest among other filler mixes and the resistance has increased to 1.66 % and 52.16% after the application of RHA and FA filler. Finally, a detailed cost analysis was carried out and came upon that the mix with FA is the most cost-effective mixture.
Sodium silicate bonded waste foundry sand - A substitute for fine aggregates in concrete and a potential material for cement phase synthesis
Authors: Hoolikantimath Nayana P. , Ravikiran B.R. , Guptha K.G. , Rao Raghuraj K. , Ghorpade Praveen A.
Published: December 2023

Sodium silicate bonded Waste Foundry Sand (WFS) is being discarded by the foundries after single use. The studies so far are suggestive that the WFS after being discarded cannot be reclaimed by any physico-chemical methods and the silica transformation is within the crystal structure. Hence such sand utilisation in bulk quantity will be one of the options for managing the issue of sodium silicate bonded WFS. Recent research trend in construction materials involve utilization and blending of different industrial byproducts and waste materials to solve the environmental problems. In the present work, sodium silicate bonded WFS was used as a replacement for fine aggregates in concrete in varying percentages of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% by weight. The 30% replacement showed better compressive strength compared to control samples. Further, these samples also passed the durability tests like rapid chloride penetration, water absorption, sorptivity, rebound hammer and ultrasonic pulse velocity. Both the strength and durability results can be attributed to the property of the sand in terms of its size, shape and its reactivity. To prove this hypothesis further fine sodium silicate bonded WFS (less than 45μm) was mixed with calcium carbonate in appropriate molar proportions. The mixture was calcined at 1400°C. This mixture was analyzed using XRD and the results revealed that alite and belite phases were generated during the reaction. This gives new dimension to utilize sodium silicate bonded WFS in concrete or as source of silica in cement industry.
Estimation of Carbon Footprint Pattern at Nile University of Nigeria: A Technical Campus in Nigeria
Authors: Rajendran Ezhilkumar Marimuthu , Audu Ville Ibrahim , Danjuma Mambo Abdulhameed , Maruthu S.A. , Sridharan G. , Sriram R.
Published: December 2023

This research estimates the amount and pattern of Greenhouse Gas emissions in Nile University of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria. Footprint from onsite energy production, transport, gardening and cooking fuels were calculated as major emission sources in university campuses using IPCC’s guideline for assessment and reporting GHG. The calculated annual GHGs emission of the university was 5,466.3964tCO2e. Emission due to transportation was 71%, while 24.7%, 2.7% and 0.8% of the university emissions were from onsite energy generation, cooking fuel and gardening respectively. It was established the university’s per capita GHG emissions is lesser than what is suggested by the Kyoto Protocol. Notwithstanding, it can further be reduced by using electricity and LPG more efficiently, provision and incentivizing the use of mass transits.
GIS Based 4D Model For G+2 Residential Building Project
Authors: Ramasamy Hemavathi , Raman Chandra Devi , Rajendran Ezhil Kumar Marimuthu , Nayaz Baig Mohammed Kaif , Kandhasamy Sivasenthil , Rajmane Sowndhar
Published: December 2023

As a major factor in construction management, construction technology plays a significant role in the planning, scheduling, and monitoring of the construction process.GIS application in construction projects develop a database, analyze the project and scheduling, and ensure the quality of projects in terms of cost and time. The 4D model could increase the understandability of the scheduling of a project risks while the task in progress on the location. This paper gives the idea of incorporating ArcGIS development project the executives and created a 4D model to provide a better solution in monitoring the various tasks in the G+2 residential building. The generated 4D model includes a 3D image and a time component. This would help clients, site engineers and project managers to imagine the advancement in a characteristic manner, thus limiting the deferrals and cost overwhelms. As well as observing of work process, checking the amounts, expenses and resources can be additionally utilized.
Development of Eco-Friendly Bricks with Industrial By-Product
Authors: Goutham Priya M. , Jeya Arthi A.J. , Kiruthica E. , Anbarasan E. , Arivunithi M.
Published: December 2023

Use of fly-ash bricks than conventional clay bricks is an environmentally friendly alternative. Fly-ash bricks are cost-effective, strength, crack resistance, low maintenance, durable and eco-friendly. In this project to increase the strength of the fly-ash bricks, nylon fibres are used. Nylon fibres are synthetic fibres which is recycled from nylon waste. Similar to plastics, nylon waste is also produced in large amount which causes environmental pollution. So, to reduce this impact of nylon fibres are used in fly-ash bricks to increase its mechanical properties. The major goal is to improve the fly-ash brick mechanical properties of the fly-ash by conducting Compression Strength test, Water Absorption test and Efflorescence test. Hence result has been studied of fly-ash bricks reinforced with nylon fibres has shown promising results in all areas, suggesting that it could be used in load bearing walls, foot paths, pavements.
Bi-Stage Optimization Model For Transportation of Construction Steel: An Indian Case Study
Authors: Sharma Gaurav Kumar , Chatterjee Soumyadeep , Trivedi Ashish , Trivedi Vibha , Gharib Moaz
Published: December 2023

In a steel plant, one of the critical tasks of plant logistics is the transportation of the finished products. A steel company transportation system generally consists of a fleet of load-carrying trailers and rail, which are used to transport finished goods. In this paper, a two-stage mathematical model is developed for an Indian company that helps with strategic planning of the supply of finished construction steel (TMT Bar and Structural Steel) from multiple plant locations to the stockyards and then to the distributors. The transportation cost depends on various factors like the type of transportation mode, loading & unloading charges, and other fixed expenses. The steel demand also varies based on the season and other external factors like COVID-19, government policies, and so forth. The model proposed in the present research facilitates cost-effective network planning by achieving the most appropriate dispatching method considering various factors operating in multiple stages using a mixed fleet of trailers and rail. The model’s key objective is to optimize the transportation cost and demand for construction steel.
Slag-alkali lightweight concrete with corn waste aggregate
Authors: Kulsharov Berikbai , Isakulov Baizak , Sokolova Yulia , Akulova Marina , Sokolova Alla
Published: December 2023

The paper presents a technical solution for obtaining effective slag-alkali lightweight concrete on the basis of corn waste. The granulometric compositions, types and forms of waste at grinding for obtaining slag-alkali lightweight concrete on the basis of corn waste are developed; compositions and formulations of slag-alkali lightweight concrete based on shredded corn waste have been developed. As a result of the development of a new scheme of changing the mechanism of strength formation of slag-alkali lightweight concrete and optimization of its composition, lightweight concrete composites with compressive strength of 2.9-4.5 MPa and bond strength of aggregate with mineral matrix of 45.7-59.7 MPa were obtained.
Technological capabilities of manufacturing heat insulating materials based on crushed cotton plant stems
Authors: Fedosov Sergey , Bulgakov Boris , Lapidus Azariy , Kenewei Emmanuel
Published: December 2023

Today’s priority in construction lies in three primary areas: ecology, energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness. It means that the most important task it to construct environmental, energy-efficient and cost-effective buildings and structures. To erect houses having such characteristics, primary elements of a structure (brick block, etc.) must be made subject to the conditions that provide for the above characteristics. The prevailing trend in construction is the production of environmental, energy-efficient and cost-effective construction materials. This research is intended to develop an energy efficient procedure to make heat-insulating materials based on crushed cotton plant stems. To achieve this goal, the authors have addressed the following issues: describing the process of making a heat-insulating material based on crush cotton plant stems; analysis of energy-efficient characteristics of manufacturing materials based on crushed cotton plant stems; and analysis of environmental friendliness of such a material. The research applies the deductive method based on mathematical modelling. The subject of the research is the procedure to make a material based on crushed cotton plant stems. The primary conclusion and outcome of this research is that papercrete based on crushed cotton plant stems has such advantages as cost-effectiveness, environmental friendliness, energy efficiency and low resource demand in manufacturing and operation. The resulting strength of papercrete allows using it as a heat insulating material to erect low-rise buildings.
The maximum dimensions of the computer room for small corporate DC
Authors: Borisovich Semenov Andrey
Published: December 2023

The maximum dimensional sizes of the computer room as a key architectural component of a data center have been justified, organized within various organizations of the construction industry. Mathematical models of the computer room have been introduced based on statistics of implemented projects, taking into account the presence of a central cross-connect and a ramp, as well as the routing of wired communication lines implemented within it. The criterion of the small size of the computer room as a structure allowing the organization of information exchange according to the spine-leaf scheme over twisted pair cables of the ISO/IEC 11801-1:2017 standard has been introduced. Assuming the use of a parallel transmission scheme involving Shannon's theorem and IEEE recommendations regarding operational margins, the maximum length of the line statistically associated with the dimensions of the computer room has been determined. An estimation of the maximum number of pizza-box type servers and standard 19-inch racks with heights of 42 units for their placement has been provided. The allocated power has been determined, taking into account the achieved level of technology, which is crucial from the perspective of designing the air conditioning and power supply systems.