bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mineralogical characteristics of scheelite in the Xi’an tungsten deposit, western Hunan
Authors: Wen Jing , Zheng Shufen , Chu Xin , Jiang Han , Zhao Yurong
Published: February 2021

The Xi’an tungsten deposit, located in the middle of Xi’an gold antimony tungest metallogenic belt, western Hunan, is an important tungsten deposit in South China. In order to places emphasis on mineralogy of the scheelite, based on the previous researches, using mineralogical, this dissertation documents the geological feature of the studied deposit. This study investigated the scheelite deposit is hosted in the Madiyi Formation of Proterozoic Banxi Group. Its ore bodies, occurring as stratiform and stratoid, are strictly controlled by strata, lithology and structure. The chemical formula of scheelite collected from the studied deposit is Ca0.96W1.02O4.02, and its content of CaO is less than the theoretical value, while the content of WO3 is bigger, and the latter tends to increase with depth from deep to shallow. The crystal parameters for scheelite are close to the theoretical value.
In vitro Effect of Replacement Mineral Salts of Trace Elements with P-containing Chelates to Improve Rooting of Cherry Rootstock (cv. VC-13)
Authors: Tsirulnikova N V , Nikulina E A , Akimova S V , Kirkach V V , Glinushkin A P , Yu Podkovyrov I
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we studied the effect of modified culture medium based on Murashige and Skoog (Murashige T. Skoog F., 1962) on the in vitro rhizogenesis of clonal rootstock of stone cultures - VC-13. For the first time, the nutrient medium was modified with complexes of all incoming trace elements based on a phosphorus-containing ligand of the bisphosphonate class. The effect of 3 levels of concentrations of chelated trace elements was studied: 1.25, 2.5 and 5 ml/l without the use of increased doses of BMI, and a comparative analysis was carried out in comparison with the modification of trace elements based on EDTA. The maximum effect – 100% rooting after 30 days of subcultivation was found at a concentration of chelated trace elements of 5 ml/l. When modifying EDTA, rooting did not occur. Also, the modification of the nutrient medium by phosphorus-containing complexes contributed to a change in the nature of the formation of the root system of micro-gears. Micro-plants had from 3 to 6 short strong roots, convenient for washing from the nutrient medium and then planting at the stage of adaptation to non-sterile conditions. Repeated tests of the effect of culture medium modification on rhizogenesis in vitro on a larger scale confirmed the high efficiency of this approach. The rooting rate of micro-gears of the VC-13 clone rootstock was more than 80%. The results obtained allow us to conclude about the key role of the nature of the chelating agent.
SCREENING OF ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA EXHIBITING ANTHAGONISTIC ACTIVITY AGAINST FUSARIUM SPOROTRICHIOIDES MICROMYCETE
Authors: Idiyatov I I , Tremasova A M , Tremasov Y M , Valiullin L R , Kalinitchenko V P , Rud V.Y. , Semenov A.M.
Published: February 2021

Within the framework of this study, the micromycete Fusarium sporotrichioides was isolated from wheat grain, a collection of isolates of endophytic microorganisms with antagonistic activity against this pathogen was formed, and their antagonistic activity was studied. By the mechanism of action, the isolates are classified as strains exhibiting fungistatic antibiotic antagonism, that is, inhibition of fungal growth occurred at a distance under the influence of antibiotic substances produced by the antagonist, with the formation of a “sterile” zone between cultures; and strains with fungistatic alimentary type of antagonism, expressed in stopping the growth of the pathogen upon contact with the antagonist colony. Stepwise screening of microorganisms-antagonists in in vitro and in vivo experiments made it possible to select technological and safe isolates with high antifungal activity and the possibility of using them as biofungicide producers. Three isolates from among the most active aboriginal endophytic microorganisms belonging to the species Bacillus subtilis are promising for introduction into the biocenosis with the aim of long-term regulation of the density of phytopathogenic populations of Fusarium sporotrichioides.
Study on the dynamic characteristics of the horizontally encrypted column network spring vibration isolated turbine-generator foundation
Authors: Song Yu Ying , Wang Xian Yun , Qu Tie Jun
Published: February 2021

To investigate the dynamic characteristics of the horizontally encrypted column network spring vibration isolated turbine-generator foundation, according to similarity theory, a 10:1 scale model of the horizontally encrypted column network spring vibration isolated turbine-generator foundation, including two condensers, was tested on site, and the dynamic characteristics of the model are analyzed by excitation method, and the natural frequencies, mode shapes and damping ratio of the integral structure are acquired. This study shows that the first two mode shapes of the turbine-generator foundation are translation and torsion, the high mode shape is accompanied by column-end swing and local distortion; the condenser is more stable in the integral structure; the natural frequency of this foundation is higher than the dual-row column spring vibration isolated turbine-generator foundation, and it is significantly lower than rigid foundation, and the mode shape distribution is different from them.
Preliminary Study of Ship Maneuvering Prediction of Container Ship
Authors: Yulianto A N , Aryawan W D , Putranto T , Sujiatanti S H , Ahadyanti G M , Purwanto D B
Published: February 2021

Ship maneuvering is defined as the inherent capability of a vessel to turn its path based on the hydrodynamics principles. The maneuvering performance becomes important to the safety of navigation when a ship operates. In case of vessel turning motion, International Maritime Organization (IMO) requires the maximum tactical diameter is five times of the ship lengths. Tactical diameter is the distance travelled by the ship’s center of gravity in a parallel direction to the ship’s initial path. In this paper, semi-empirical approach proposed by Clarke (1983) was used to obtain the first derivative of hydrodynamics equation. After that, the maneuvering performance was calculated using Son and Nomoto’s mathematical model (1981). Based on IMO regulations, the calculation of tactical diameter was conducted with 35° of rudder position. The calculation and analysis of tactical diameter was carried out according to relevant procedure of the ship maneuvering provided by IMO. The calculation result shows satisfactory result based on IMO regulations. The maximum tactical diameter does not exceed the requirements of IMO maneuvering standards. A further investigation was performed to see whether there was any impact on ship’s main dimensions to the maneuverability performance. In the future study, the development of open source software program to analyze the ship maneuvering performance is considered. It is expected to be able to contribute for facilitating in the preliminary ship design process.
Port Connectivity Model in The Perspective of Multimodal Transport: A Conceptual Framework
Authors: Indriastiwi F , Hadiwardoyo S P , Nahry
Published: February 2021

As an archipelagic country, the use of several modes or multimodal freight transport in Indonesia is indispensable. As a place of “interchanging,” Port is an essential element in a transportation system that supports a region’s economy and becomes more in the region island where incoming and outgoing goods rely on it. Port connectivity is not just about how “good” the Port is connected to the maritime transportation network and reached by regular lines services but also contributes to the entire transport network. Generally, the higher port connectivity is, the more attractive it is to facilitate cargo transportation and reduce transportation costs and time. Port connectivity is very complex, and it will be more useful if analysed from more perspective by using comprehensive analysis. This paper proposes the conceptual framework port connectivity in the multimodal perspective that sees from three aspects: maritime connectivity, connectivity of port with the hinterland, and connectivity at the Port and using the same measurement such as generalized transport cost. Analysis on various aspects will give a better understanding of port connectivity. Conceptual framework consists of three stages, the first stage is defining the definition of connectivity, seconds stage is connectivity analysis, and the last stage is synthetic of results. The importance of conceptualizing port connectivity is because there is still a lack of research on port connectivity. It is mostly analysed only on one aspect, as we know that port connectivity is very complicated. It will be more useful if analysed from a more different point of view with a comprehensive analysis.
Analysis of Stern Shape Effect on Pre-Duct Propeller Performance Based on Numerical Simulation
Authors: Prihandanu R B , Ariana I M , Handani D W
Published: February 2021

In process and development of ship building, it always lead to the design that is environmentally friendly and has high efficiency values on the energy and economic side. The factor is the selection and determination of the propulsion system. In propulsion system, propeller and its flow is very influential, such as flow at the stern, the flow that will enter the propeller, and the propeller design used. This can increase the propulsive coefficient of the propulsion system. For single screw ship, the hull efficiency is usually between 1.1 - 1.4, while for twin-screw with conventional hull forms, the hull efficiency is around 0.95 - 1.05. The value of relative rotative efficiency is between 1.0 - 1.07 and the efficiency of the shaft is between 0.96 - 0.995. Meanwhile, the value of open water efficiency and hull efficiency greatly affect to ship performance. From the simulation, with the additional of pre-duct The hull efficiency value has increased by 2.2% - 4.3%, this is due to the increase of wake fraction value higher than the thrust deduction value. The relative rotative efficiency also increases by 0.8% - 1% for each variation of the block coefficient or type of ship. But, for the propulsive coefficient, the resulting gap was decreasing by 2% - 6%. Because of that the distance between the hull and the pre-duct, the design of the propeller, the distance between the pre-duct and the propeller, and the shape of the stern are important references for the pre-duct design.
Characteristic Of Containers In Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever Endemic Area In Coastal Area (Kedung Cowek Village), Bulak District, Surabaya
Authors: Simatupang R , Wicharana W
Published: February 2021

A container is a water reservoir that can become a breeding place for the Aedes aegypti mosquito as a vector for transmitted DHF, especially man-made containers. Kedung Cowek is a coastal area that is located in Surabaya and this area is endemic to DHF. Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by the Dengue virus and transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. This research aimed to know the characteristics of the containers in Kedung Cowek Village, Bulak District, Surabaya. This is descriptive research that is in collaboration with our lecturer. The data were analyzed in descriptive form and presented in tabular form. The results showed a total number of containers were 199 containers with details of indoor containers as much as 191 (96%) with 104 (92,9%) of them positive for larvae and 8 (7,1%) of all outdoor containers positive for larvae. The indoor containers that had the highest number and positivity of larvae were bathtubs as much as 94 (42.9%) with 51 (49%) of them positive for larvae. From the 8 outdoor containers, the ones with the highest number and positivity of larvae were buckets as much as 6 (75%) with all of which were larva positive. There were 4 (50%) open and 4 (50%) closed outdoor containers with all of them positive for larvae. By finding Aedes aegypti larvae, adult Aedes aegypti mosquitoes will also be found that have the potential to transmit DHF in coastal areas.
Optimum Propeller Interaction Analysis of Harbourtug With Azimuth Thruster
Authors: Utami S D , Ariana I M , Fathallah A Z M , Asmara I P S
Published: February 2021

Determine the safety of tug operation at sea, especially in narrow shipping areas such as port areas, it is necessary to pay attention to the maneuverability of ships and the performance of the ship’s steering system. In ship maneuvering, a specially designed thruster with 360 degrees side thrust with a small turning angle is needed in order to produce a good ship movement performance. In this study, the authors designed a tugboat propeller ka-series four blades. The propeller can move 360 degrees so that the distribution of power is evenly distributed in all directions. The system is expected to provide extra thrust when needed in the process of maneuvering and docking the ship. Equipped with hydraulics used to quickly lift and lower the thruster and pull it back into the hull when not in use. The analysis results show that each propeller variation such as the difference in thrust value, torque value and resulting efficiency. From the analysis model, the highest thrust value was obtained in the first propeller model with a variation of P/D 1, AE/A0 0.45 valued at 306201.4. The lowest torque value is generated in the third propeller model with a variation of P/D 0.6, AE/A0 0.65 value at - 22400.2 Nm. Harbourtug requires a high thrust value, so it is advisable to use the first Propeller model with variations of P/D 1, AE/A0 0.45 The highest efficiency value is obtained in the first propeller model valued at 0.7151.
Characteristics of Turning Circle and Zig-Zag Manoeuvres of An Indonesian Ferry Ship In Shallow Water
Authors: Muhammad A H , Paroka D , Rahman S , Firmansyah M R , Putra T P
Published: February 2021

Ship manoeuvring performance is very important in navigation safety, especially when ships operate in shallow water. This paper describes the characteristics of turning circle and zig-zag manoeuvres of Indonesian ferry ships in shallow water. A time-domain simulation program was developed for this purpose. Several parameters such as ship speed and water depth levels have been considered in the simulation. The results shows a significant difference in the ship’s trajectory and speed when the ship manoeuvring in different water depths. The ship manoeuvre trajectory diameter for shallow water (h/T=1.3) is greater than in deep water (h/T=4.0). Meanwhile, the speed of the ship during turns increases with the decreasing depth of the water (h). Likewise, the 20/20° zig-zag manoeuvre of the ship shows that the heading angle in shallow waters has a smaller overshoot angle when compared to the ship manoeuvres in the deep waters.
Problems and technical solutions of capture fisheries in Eastern Indonesian waters
Authors: Hetharia W R , de Fretes E R , Gaspersz F , Tupan J , Feninlambir A
Published: February 2021

Problems concerning capture fisheries in Eastern Indonesian Waters cover the existing of fishes at sea, continuity of catching activities, the use of fishing gears, safety aspects, market, price and recent situation of pandemic Covid-19. This conditions have the impact on decreasing of economy aspect of local fishermen. The purpose of this research is to develop facility of capture fisheries and other related technical aspects to overcome the existing problems and to keep the continuity of fishing activities. The research started by initial field survey by the authors. In addition, related problems from other references are used as input design parameters. Design process end-up with the blue prints and the design specifications of fishing boats and fishing gears. The research was continued with construction of boats prototype, training for the fishermen and sea trials. The results of research were prototypes and design specifications of several types of fishing boats. Fishing boats with hull configurations (monohull, catamaran and trimaran) and fishing gears specification were fixed due to boat operational aspects. In addition, the results of study concerning safety aspect and ship operation in period of Pandemic Covid-19 are presented in this paper. Recommendations of results of this study are presented for future development of fishing boats for local fishermen.
The development of a risk-based maintenance flowchart to select the correct methodology to develop maintenance strategies of oil and gas equipment
Authors: Priyanta D , Zaman M B , Semin
Published: February 2021

There are hundreds, even thousands of equipment that are installed on an Oil and Gas Plant. The equipment can be static equipment, rotating machinery, or protective devices. Each type of equipment has a unique failure mechanism and failure mode. Maintenance tasks should be performed to prevent these failures from being happened. The maintenance task should be developed based on the methodology, which will capture the failure mechanism yet to prevent it from being more severe. Before March 2018, the Indonesian government has adopted a time-based maintenance policy for all static equipment operated by oil and gas companies operating in the Republic of Indonesia’s territory. Every three years, the static equipment that works must be inspected and recertified. In March 2018, the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources issued regulation No. 18, which allows the use of risk analysis methods to determine maintenance strategies, known as risk-based maintenance, for all equipment operated by oil and gas companies operating in Indonesia. This paper will develop an initial flowchart to select the correct methodology to develop maintenance based upon the dominant failure mode. A case study to demonstrate the flowchart has also been performed in an Onshore Receiving Facility (ORF).
A simulation study of the fleet sizing problem in pilotage and tug services: Case study of Tanjung Perak port, Surabaya
Authors: Hadi F , Supomo H , Achmadi T
Published: February 2021

Pilotage and tug services are one of the essential services in port operation especially for ports which has channel like Tanjung Perak. There are important interactions between decision on sizing tugboats and decision on utilizing that fleet. This paper combines simulation and assignment model for supporting strategic fleet sizing problem at ports where a Monte Carlo simulation is built to capture the behavior of the real system, whereas the assignment model is built to allocate tugboats near optimal. This approach is quite flexible in the sense that the simulation part can deal with the stochastic aspects with a quite precisions and the assignment model can easily change the tugboats configurations. The performance of the model developed is evaluated by comparing the real data and the simulation results with high precision. The methodology developed in this paper provided valuable decision support on strategic fleet sizing problems in pilotage and tug services at the port.
Improved PID Controller for DC Motor Control
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed , Tahir Nura Musa , Zimit Aminu Yahaya , Idi Musa , Abubakar Kamal Abubakar , Jalo Salihu Abdulmumini
Published: February 2021

Presented is an improved version of the PID controller (PIDC) for DC motor control. The PIDC is a very cheap and easy controller to implement and is currently in use in many systems. There are instances whereby higher precision is required and an improved version of the PID can serve. The systems might not be necessary limited to marine systems. Hence, saving the need for more costly redesign. The PIDC proposed was compared with the PID. Results show that the PIDC has superior performance compared to the PID. Hence, it is an indication that the PID could still withstand future developments; that is maintaining its characteristics of simplicity and cheapness.
Analysis of pontoon multi pendulum motion response trimaran model at ocean wave power plant based on pendulum system (PLTG-SB)
Authors: Utama I K A P , Hantoro R , Septyaningrum E , Khasanah Q , Prananda J , Arief I S
Published: February 2021

Ocean waves are one of the renewable energy potentials for an archipelago country like Indonesia. The development of Wave Energy Converter presented in the research carried out is a system that uses a pontoon with a pendulum for energy extraction, which is called the Pendulum System Wave Power Plant (PLTG-SB). The shape of the pontoon uses a trimaran model with a cylindrical shape as the main body and support. The simulation of the response of the pontoon with multi pendulums shows the maximum RAO pitch value of 1.15° / cm in the 6 second wave period and the response to the change in deviation is the maximum value in the 6 second wave period with a deviation of 198.07°. The variation in the length of the pendulum arm gave the largest deviation value of 106.7 cm, while in the variation of the number of pendulums the largest deviation occurred on the pontoon with the number of pendulums n = 2.
Autonomous Robotic Exploration and Navigation System using Tri-layered Mapping and Geometrical Path Planning Techniques
Authors: Gowtham S , Praveen R , Parthiban M , Sai Charan P , Seenu N , Kuppan Chetty RM
Published: February 2021

In the recent decade, robotic exploration is emerging as a vast research platform as it prolongs to be a challenging task, especially in unknown dynamic environments. Exploration plays a vital role in collecting data from the areas inaccessible to the human. The operation of manual exploration systems in complex environments is cumbersome due to ineffective noise filtering, poor visibility and shuffling of map characteristics. In order to overcome such drawbacks, our approach focuses on the development of autonomous robotic exploration by designing a robust SLAM-based system, incorporating tri-layered mapping technique for automatic map generation and a new geometrical boundary-based path-planning technique to improve the mobility of the robot during navigation. The proposed path-planning algorithm yields better trajectory planning and obstacle avoidance using the pose, odometry and orientation parameters of the robot. The performance of the developed robot is evaluated through real-time experimentation, and it is evident from the results that, the proposed approach is preferable for autonomous exploration applications.
Development of High Yield Farming using IoT based UAV
Authors: Bhuvaneshwari C , Saranyadevi G , Vani R , Manjunathan A
Published: February 2021

Crop production and crop growth monitoring can be improved using agricultural drone i.e., Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). Nowadays, due to population growth drones helpful for agriculture become most efficiently. In this paper, by using various sensors and Internet of Things applied in drone for crop production improving, UAV using Raspberry Pi 3B module to displayed in the field with advanced solutions.
Design of Autonomous Vehicle Control using IoT
Authors: Manjunathan A , Suresh Kumar A , Udhayanan S , Thirumarai Selvi C , Stonier Albert Alexander
Published: February 2021

A Prototype autonomous vehicle system is explained in this paper. A car has been driven using internet with more secured. There are three types of detection like Traffic light detection, Obstacle detection and Lane detection. It is most important features of this project. The main purpose of this concept is to reduce accident and human life. The important component are used a Raspberry Pi, a Picamera, a Web interface and Internet modem. It is based on Computer vision algorithm. Raspberry Pi is most important one to construct. The video has been pick and passed through internet. It has low cost and very efficient project.
Experimental Investigation on Enhancing the Strength of Porous Concrete by adding Polypropylene Fiber
Authors: Mukesh T S , Sampathkumar K , Muthuselvi C , Ranjith M , Nithesh Kumar S
Published: February 2021

Porous concrete has its application in many fields. Mainly for drainage purpose porous concrete can be used as a covering as well as to drain the liquid. Strength is only drawback in the porous concrete as the surface area contact between the coarse aggregates is less. In order to enhance the strength properties, poly propylene was used in layers. Various no of layers was introduced in the prism as well as for cube to determine the strength enhancement properties. Through experimental study it was found that strength due compressive force of the pervious concrete increases up to placing 3 layers of polypropylene geo textile fabric and get decreased after that. Similar to the compression test, the flexural strength also showed similar behaviour in the increase in strength up to the 3no of layers. Similarly, porosity test was carried to find the effect of porosity due to PP layers. It was found that 18.5% reduction in porosity was noted when 3 layers of PP were incorporated.
Exergy analysis of forced convection solar flat plate collector using different working fluids
Authors: Rajagopal T , Prasanna N , Ajay S , Yazharasu A , Aranganathan K
Published: February 2021

Solar energy is a widely available energy resource which can be effectively utilized without any effect on the environment. The solar Flat Plate Collector (FPC) is most commonly used collector in many solar thermal applications, but the energy absorption from the solar irradiation and transporting heat to the working fluid is less efficient. The efficiency of the collector can be enhanced by varying different parameters like reducing the air gap between the absorber plate and the glass cover of the collector, optimizing the dimensions of collector components and using high thermal stability working fluids. In these present work experimentalinvestigationand exergy analysis carried out on two selected working fluids water and coolant, are compared. The maximum outlet temperature for coolant and water as working fluid is recorded as 63°C and 59°C during higher solar intensity. The exergy efficiency of water and coolant is obtained as 6.7% and 7% respectively during peak sunshine hours.
Validation of Point Source Models for Determining Industrial Pollution and Integrating with IOT for vulnerability management
Authors: Selvakumar M. , Prasannakumari V. , Geetha S. , Muthulakshmi S.
Published: February 2021

Awareness in Environmental pollution which was restricted to water and wastewater pollution has now been extended to air pollution. In Indian Scenario, the popularity of air pollution is gaining momentum day by day and all metro cities are facing this problem due to increase in traffic and industries located in the vicinity. The major contribution to air pollution is from traffic though there are other sources like smoke from factories and burning of any material. Monitoring stations are not provided in many places as it is a costly investment. Though there are very few monitoring stations in metro cities, the other areas still do not have any means to monitor the quality of air we breathe in. This work deals with validating point source models to predict the pollution due to thermal power plant emissions in Ennore, Chennai. The details of wind speed, wind direction, temperature and humidity play a major role in dispersing the air pollutants. Particulate air pollutant PM2.5, PM10 and SO2 were monitored and the variation of air pollutants during summer and winter were studied. The influence of meteorological parameters in the concentration of these pollutants were analysed by this study. AERMOD software was used to model the data and further predictions with the help of advanced technology are discussed in this paper. Deployment of a system using advanced sensors and systems has enabled us to assess the air quality by integrating IOT with sensors which could facilitate continuous monitoring of the pollutants.
Automatic Control of Massecuite Temperature in the Sugar Processing Industry
Authors: Aravind C , Suji Prasad S J , Aarthi J , Aruna L , Lavanya M , Madhan Kumar T
Published: February 2021

Sugar industries process sugarcane to produce the sugar and Brix is one of the vital parameters to be measured out of several parameters. Brix is the amount of sucrose present in the massecuite. Massecuite solution contains suspended sugar crystals in it. The mixture of 1 gram of sucrose in 100 grams of solution is quantified as One Degree Brix. Brix value influences the efficient output of the sugar industry. Hence it is essential to maintain Brix value as 65°Brix at a controlled temperature between 40°C and 45°C. In this work, with the help of temperature sensor, heater and Arduino controller, the temperature is controlled. At this controlled temperature, Brix is measured with the use of the conductivity sensor to maintain Brix value.
Strength characteristics developed in cement stabilized soil
Authors: Raja K , Elakkya E , Manikandan A T , Surya B , Nekila M
Published: February 2021

In the present study, unconfined compression tests (UCC) and directs shear tests (DST) were conducted on a sand gravel mixture stabilized with different proportions of cement. Ordinary Portland cement was used as the binding agent, added to the sand at 1%, 2%, and 3% with respect to its dry weight. Relative density of 70% is maintained throughout the study. In this study, unconfined compression tests and directs shear tests were conducted to assess the influence of the cement content on the engineering properties of the material. Numerical Analyses were performed illustrating rigid foundation on these stabilized soil which shows greater influence in the settlement of foundation. Centre, middle of the edges and corners of the rigid foundation are the point of interest in the study of settlement characteristics. The increase in the strength properties of soil shows decrease in settlement characteristics.
Study on performance and emission characteristics of split injection CRDi engine fueled with orange peel oil and diethyl ether
Authors: Periasamy Somasundaram , Chinnasamy Jegadheesan , Natarajan Jeyaprakash , Ravirajan Saravanan , Nagharajan Dhavaneeswaran
Published: February 2021

The constant increase in energy demand and the environmental issues due to higher utilisation of diesel fuel is frightening. The replacement of diesel fuel with biodiesel is the most viable solution to minimize the diesel fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. The biodiesel with orange peel oil (OPO) and diethyl ether (DEE) can serve as a valuable alternative fuel, as OPO is naturally available with higher energy efficiency. The extracted orange peel oil characteristics gave its chemical and physical properties, which are suitable for using as additive for diesel fuel. The mixture is prepared with 30% DEE and 70 % of OPO to get B5 (950 ml Diesel + 35 ml OPO + 15 ml DEE) and B15 (850 ml Diesel + 105 ml OPO + 45 ml DEE) mixtures. In this study, a split injection CRDi engine is used to conduct performance and emission tests using the above three fuel options. The tests were conducted using the new blend for different engine operating conditions and the brake thermal efficiency of B5 mixture offers 0.6% to 2.3% higher values in comparison with diesel fuel.
Design and Development of Mobile AID for Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Tony Thomas A , Mahesh Kumar K V , Thangarasu S K , Naveen Saravanan S
Published: February 2021

A group of muscle diseasesresulting in the increasing weakening and the breakdown ofskeletal muscles over time is called as muscular dystrophy. The disorders differ in parameters like which muscles are primarily affected, the degree of weakness of bones, how fast they become worse, and when the symptoms for this disorder begin. Many people will become unable to walk eventually. There are more than thirty specific typesof muscular dystrophy undernine main categories. The most common type among these is Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). This is caused primarily due to the lack of a protein called Dystrophin and it is found in muscle fibre membrane of our body. Currently, there being no cure for it, somephysical, occupational, orthotic intervention (e.g., ankle-foot orthosis), speech, and respiratory therapies may tend in being helpful in terms of management. Being human they also love to travel alone and interested in satisfying their own needs which shows they need to live as a common man/woman than living in a situation where some people always crowd or assist around them in satisfying their needs. So, we decided to break the rules and allow them to move anywhere around their place and use the toilet during a nature call without anyone’s support by integrating the lifting mechanisms and the toilet provision in the wheel chair.
A cloud-based user recommender and e-governing system for public welfare
Authors: Kesavan Rupa , Meenakshi K , Vijayaraja L , Dhanasekar R , Dhilip Prasad P , Sim Stewart Itchiro E
Published: February 2021

Several problems exist in traditional analysis and design for e-government. The modern Era requires finding few solutions to dynamically facilitate the activities involved in administrative sectors of democratic regions. Individuals of a state or a central can be given an opportunity to actively participate in making decisions by placing their individual views on the democratic process for the better welfare. This paper is presented with the aim of developing a interactive system that adapts to dynamically updating the current policy recommendations, role of every crow sourcing committees, existing policy operational areas, beneficiaries, up-coming proposal plans of state and central regions for the welfare of rural and urban sectors. The framework facilities demand analysis, bringing many benefits to e-government planning, such as grasping emphasis immediately, affording to maximal benefit of democratic policies and plans. The Interactive system benefits mutually the individual as a Citizen and the administrator as the local parties of government body with efficient utilization, hence aiming at better development and implementation of goal plans that put forwards the Nation to step in to next degree of development by accomplishing the sustainable growth.
Smart Water Management towards Quality and Improvement using IoT
Authors: Revathi P , Mrunalini T , Niranjana M , Prithivi Raj C , Siva Prakash J , Sudharsan K
Published: February 2021

The raw water from rain water, ground water, bore well water, lakes, river, is filtered and fed into water tank using pre-filter and make it use for drinking purpose. In this paper, it has been mainly focused to measure and maintain the TDS value, pH value range between 30 to 400 ppm and neutral respectively in water quality improvement and also it is used to make it suitable for drinking water purpose. The whole process is monitored by using an open source Internet of Thing (IoT) application. It works via internet or via local area network. To measure TDS value and pH value in the water, required sensors are connected with node MCU controller, depending upon sensor output the antiscalant liquid is injected using submersible pump to maintain the essential parameters in the drinking water. Through the android device the information is send to the cloud which is used to monitoring the values. The values are automatically updated for every 15 seconds by IoT application by representing the date and time of occurrence of the value of TDS and pH of drinking water.
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF IOT SWITCH WITH MANUAL OVERRIDE
Authors: Praveen Kumar S. , Srihariharan D. , Sai Harish Adithya K. M. , Hemachander R.
Published: February 2021

Today internet is the widest platform used by humans which connects people to people, but various researches have been carried out to connect machines to internet on a cloud platform. These are collectively called as Internet of Things (IoT). IoT helps to control and monitor the machines in factory, but later it is also used in home automation to connect household electrical devices like fans and lights. Each device will have their own control medium to access them and monitor them which makes the user, a tedious process to track them. There arises a need of, connecting all the devices and operating them in a common platform. Accessing the main supply of the appliances and turning ON/OFF that supply will be a suitable solution to control any range of applications. Hence, smart switch is becoming more popular now- a-days. But, most of the smart switches replace manual switching and goes for complete software-based switching. This makes the user to rely on the software/application all the time to control the device, even though the user is near the device. In order to solve these problems, in the proposed method a smart switch which follows the manual toggling action of conventional rocking switches to turn them ON/OFF manually and also provide access through remote applications to turn ON/OFF them through a mobile application.
A Survey of Machine Learning Techniques using for Image Classification in Home Security
Authors: Ganesh Babu R , Dhineshkumar K , Sharma Rohit , Krishnamoorthy R
Published: February 2021

Over the previous decade, creativity online has changed dramatically. Technology creativity has thus become a huge assist to protect our day-to-day lives. In this paper, introduce a powerful face-recognition of dependent security system. Specifically, set up this system to give verified customers access to a home. A further versatile learning strategy is used to prepare the classifier. Information about the planning is collected at first from interpersonal organizations. The classifier’s precision is increasingly increased as the client begins using the system. An amazing technique has been familiarized with how human interaction and web-based life boost the classifier model. When using a deep learning framework – Tensor Flow, reuse of the receiving device with various gadgets and applications would be anything but difficult.
A Nematic 5CB Liquid Crystal based Dual Band Microstrip Patch Antenna using Moth Flame Optimization
Authors: Srilekha G. , Pardhasaradhi P. , Srinivas G , Praveen N , Madhav B.T.P. , Rao M.C. , Venkateswara Rao M.
Published: February 2021

Microstrip patch antenna with different substrate materials which can operate in single and multiple resonating bands are useful for wireless applications. A 5CB nematic liquid crystal based microstrip antenna with dual band on a glass substrate having relative permittivity of 6.438 has been designed in this paper. Two glass substrates of 0.1mm thickness with 21x25mm2 and 19x19mm2sizes have been placed on each other, in between 0.005mm glass substrate has been placed to fill 5CB nematic liquid crystal. On the top of the substrate ‘I’ slotted rectangular patch has been placed; the dimensions of the patch have been calculated by utilizing Moth Flame Optimization (MFO) method. The proposed antenna is resonating at 1.8 GHz and 9.2 GHz frequencies with S11 as -27dB and -19.42dB, respectively. Simulated results of designed antenna with MFO algorithm are compared with Genetic Algorithm (GA).
Recommended System For Wellness Of Autistic Children Using Data Analytics and Machine Learning
Authors: Karre Kusumalatha , Rama Devi Y
Published: February 2021

Autism is a mental condition which hinders social and communication skills. It’s a lifelong disability which makes the child’s day to day life very difficult. But in most of the cases early intervention has helped the children to develop the skills which are needed to the fullest to overcome autism. As early the intervention, better the development of the child. Most of the research has been carried out to detect the autism using various machine learning algorithms which consider autistic diagnostic tools such as ADI-R, ADOS or CARS. Once autism is detected, different areas which need to be developed are considered and recommendations are given to the child. In this paper, a system is proposed which uses multi dimensional data collected from facp, DST and Diet to perform analytics using machine learning and provide recommendations to the child.
Blockchain technology using consensus mechanism for IoT-based e-healthcare system
Authors: Arul P , Renuka S
Published: February 2021

In healthcare systems IoT device has to give sensitive and private information about the patients, it should be maintained extremely confidential and personal. Most of the IoT-healthcare devices based on existing centralized server data management technology don’t give any guarantee of authenticity and security. Blockchain is a public tamperproof ledger that is decentralized network system in which transaction of data is distributed among the nodes. Blockchain with its consensus algorithm can solve problems by providing decentralized computation for IoT data. The combination of IoT and blockchain technologies with consensus algorithm can become a best choice of designing the secured distributed e-healthcare systems. This paper reviews the blockchain technology and the basic principle and characteristics of a consensus algorithm for IoT- based e- healthcare system.
LRFM model for customer purchase behaviour using K-Means algorithm
Authors: Jamunadevi C , Tamil Selvan S , Govindarajan M , Saravanan C , Janaki Raman B R
Published: February 2021

The COVID-19 pandemics have a major collision on every aspect of life, including how people shop for their requirements. As the pandemic has reshaped life as we know, it’s also initiated many trends – but the biggest of these trends may be online shopping. The shift toward online shopping was happening before the pandemic, but according to new statistics from IBM, the COIVD-19 has accelerated consumers shift toward online shopping by 5 years. The chief idea of the article is to inspect if the situation is approaching people to purchase things online and the continuation of shopping things online even after the end of pandemic. The information for the article has been gathered by circulating the survey on social networks. The questionnaire is comprised of 12 different questions, and 615 people responded to it. This work is based on LRFM (Length, Recency, Frequency, and Monetary) replica and separation of data based on the questionnaire using K-Means algorithm. Silhouette analysis helps to decide the extent of division among clusters. The results of the survey has a termination that people are fond of purchasing products online through the lockdown and people too agreed that the rate of online shopping will increase in the future when this pandemic is over.
Machine learning approach for detection of keratoconus
Authors: Shanthi S , Nirmaladevi K , Pyingkodi M , Dharanesh K , Gowthaman T , Harsavardan B
Published: February 2021

Keratoconus is a progressive eye disease and it should be detected in early stage, to avert probable refractive surgery that could develop ecstasies. In this the authors proposes a new computer aided diagnosis model based on Support Vector Machine (SVM) learning to detect the early stage of keratoconus using the available topographic, pachymetric and aberrometry parameters of patients with keratoconus, subclinical keratoconus and normal corneas. The proposed SVM produces 91.8% accuracy with 94.2% sensitivity, 97.5% specificity for classification of early keratoconus from normal; 100% accuracy with 100%, 100% of sensitivity and specificity respectively for classification of early keratoconus from subclinical keratoconus.
An empirical research on consumer online buying behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jamunadevi C , Deepa S , Kalaiselvi K T , Suguna R , Dharshini A
Published: February 2021

The extraordinary episode of the 2019 novel Corona-virus named as COVID-19 by the World Health Organization (WHO) has put various governments around the globe in a shaky position. The shortage of health care facilities to bear the COVID-19 has forced the countries to go with the hand of complete or partial lock down. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) report 32.6 million cases has been recorded as on 26 September 2020. Corona-virus have its major influence on consumer buying behaviour which is going to change the consumers’ future hopping habits. This article highlights the change in consumer behaviour from physical store to online shopping. The present study was conducted during the month of July- August 2020, where questionnaires’ are formed and data collected using Google forms. Analysis of the data is made through Simple percentage method, ANOVA test, Chi square test and ranking method. After analysis it found that the majority holding 21-30 age group of customers prefer shopping while free shipping and their cart behaviour is also analysed for the same.
Generative Adversarial Networks in Disease Gene Drug Relationships
Authors: Vijaya S.
Published: February 2021

The swift growth in the form of digital information stored in the biomedical databases in this digital era has activated a prototype shift in the models in the Deep learning approaches which have used in several contests in Machine Learning and in the domain of pattern recognition. Finding relationship between entities like genes, diseases, proteins and drugs is tedious task due the ambiguity in the terms used in biomedical domain. Treating cancer with the drug based on the gene that is associated with the disease increases the survival rate. Hence, the deep learning method “Generative Adversarial Networks” is proposed to find the relationship between Genes, Diseases and Drugs from biomedical abstracts in this work.
An Intelligent Framework for Traffic Management System Using Narrow Band-IoT
Authors: Rajaguru R , Mathankumar M , Balakumar A , Dinesh Kumar J R , Stonier Albert Alexander
Published: February 2021

Traffic management system is a key parameterfor highly efficient transportation system rather than depending on the speed of the vehicles and how smart it works. Police may not have all the dynamic data, which changes in a fraction of seconds, such as traffic due to accidents. The idea is to propose a system that can identify a truck in a road network and make decisions on clearing the traffic signals by getting results from the individual junction in a network. The system uses Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) which is faster and energy-saving, and it sends signals to the particular traffic system based on the previous or the next traffic node. The Artificial Intelligence (AI) model will be biased independently. The system sends a message using radio waves from unused bandwidth. The main aim of the system is to make the passengers spend less time on traffic signals and save time as well as energy of the transportation system. It works based on getting traffic density on an individual traffic signal and the system decides which message should be open and which to close.
Optimal Design, Re-engineering and Testing of a 50:5A Current Transformer for Medium Voltage Industrial Requirements
Authors: Chandrasekar S , Pavudharani M , Priyadharshini J , Sakthi Muruganandam E , Yogesh S
Published: February 2021

The current transformer is one of the types of instrument transformer which is designed in such a manner so as to produce a current in its secondary circuit which in turn proportional to the current flowing through it’s primary circuit. It is one of the components that needs to be installed inside the electrical panel board in order to measure the current flow through each phase of the three phase system inside the panel. Usually these electrical panel boards were designed by electrical based industries. One of such industries which was in need of a 50:5 ratio current transformer had handed over the current transformer design and manufacturing as an industrial work to the authors. In this paper the authors deal with the optimal design and re-engineering and testing of the current transformer that is used in the measurement of current.