bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Public Catering at Logging Sites in the Middle Volga Region during the Pre-War Five-Year Plans
Authors: Voeikov Evgeny
Published: May 2024

The article examines one of the most important aspects of the industrial and domestic components of the logging process in the 1930s. The work of canteens and food stations for lumberjacks is considered using the example of the Middle Volga region, whose logging was typical for the European part of the USSR. At the same time, the article compares regional problems of catering at logging sites with all-Union trends. The source base for the article was the funds of regional archives of the Penza, Samara and Ulyanovsk regions and materials from periodicals of the 1930s. In general, the catering system at the logging sites of the largest logger in the Middle Volga region, the Sredles trust, was organized already at the end of the first five-year plan. The greatest number of problems in the public catering system in the third five-year plan were recorded in the Kuibyshevles sections. Typical methods for supplying the canteens of timber industry enterprises with products in the 1930s. began to organize their own subsidiary farms and purchase food. There are numerous complaints about the quality of food prepared in the forestry industry canteens. In some cases, the shortcomings of catering at logging sites were associated not with the general food shortage in the USSR, but with the low professionalism of canteen workers.
The Institute of Urgent Investigative Actions Requires Urgent Rethinking
Authors: Nikolyuk Vyacheslav , Bakhta Andrey , Anesheva Amina
Published: May 2024

New challenges to the society and the state, posed by criminality and manifested through a sharp increase in the number of grave and very grave crimes enhance the relevance of potentially effective legal instruments which are, as a rule, of inter-sectorial legal nature. They include urgent investigative actions, which for over 60 years have been considered an institute of the preliminary stage of investigation, and which flourished at a time when inquiry bodies did not meet any obstacles in initiating criminal cases for the crimes requiring a preliminary investigation. The authors describe the specifics of the institute of urgent investigatory actions and its difference from the procedural constructs that provide for investigatory actions in «emergency» cases. They analyze research publications, and use them to work out suggestions on improving the legal regulation of urgent investigatory actions. The authors also prove that the theoretical basis of the institute under analysis is isolated from the practice of investigating and solving crimes, it has become totally abstract and without any links to the actual practice. The practice of urgent investigatory actions carried out by the customs’ offices as a body of inquiry is summarized. Contrary to the opinion, popular among researchers, that the norms regulating the initiation of criminal cases by bodies of inquiry are not demanded in practice, the authors present statistical data illustrating the opposite situation. Using the specific examples of criminal cases, they demonstrate the opportunities for using the operative information collected by the body of inquiry within the institute of urgent investigatory actions to identify a certain person as a culprit in the crime. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the grounds and causes for initiating a criminal case established as a result of investigative search activities. The authors also remind us about the positive Soviet experience of conducting inquiries for the cases that demand a preliminary investigation. They present recommendations on the interaction between the bodies of inquiry and the prosecutor’s office regarding the applicability of the rules of investigative jurisdiction over criminal cases. They offer a complex operative-search and criminal procedure understanding of the phenomenon «urgent investigatory actions».
Empirical Analysis and Research of Low-Carbon Economy Development
Trends in China, Japan and South Korea
Authors: Tang Zhenlian , Solovieva Yuliana
Published: May 2024

Carbon emission intensity, being one of the key indicators of the level of economic development and environmental protection in a particular territory, indicates the quantity of carbon dioxide emitted per unit of GDP. Reducing carbon emission intensity is essential for nations like China (PRC), Japan, and South Korea (ROK) to meet low-carbon policy objectives, which is reflected in the strategic plans of these states. A number of variables (energy structure, industrial structure, technological level and manufacturing techniques) have an impact on the intensity of carbon emissions. Basing on the statistics of the PRC, Japan and the ROK for the period 2011–2020 (pre-epidemic period), the authors carry out a regression analysis of the correlation between the factors influencing the low-carbon economies of the three countries. Taking into account the results obtained, the authors propose a list of policies and measures to enhance the development of low-carbon economies in China, Japan and South Korea.
Reflection of the Taiwan Issue in the Diplomatic Discourse of Russia,
China and the United States at the Present Stage
Authors: Raspopina Alena , Filashkina Varvara
Published: May 2024

The article deals with the actual problem of reflecting the Taiwan issue in the diplomatic discourses of Russia, China and the United States. The source of the analysis was the texts of the diplomats' speeches for 2023. The following diplomats and politicians' interviews, speeches, and statements were examined: US Secretary of State — A.J. Blinken, Chinese Foreign Ministers — Qing Gang and Wang Yi, Russian Foreign Minister — S.V. Lavrov. As part of the studied issue of diplomatic discourse, an article by Russian diplomat V.F. Pryakhin about the upcoming visit of E. Blinken to Beijing was also analyzed. For the authors, key characters and words used in the speeches of diplomats who carried emotional and expressive connotations were of immediate interest.
Considering diplomatic discourse as a form of communication between diplomatic officials and studying it by analyzing the specific language used in spoken or written language of diplomats, allows us to notice even minor changes in relations between states. When, instead of the usual and accepted emotionally restrained style, diplomats begin to use emotionally colored phrases in speech, we can talk about an increase in tension in communication between states.
The works of domestic and foreign scientists were analyzed in a brief historiographical review of the issue under consideration. The purpose of the analysis was to study how the attitude to the Taiwan issue affects the diplomatic discourse of the main parties to the conflict: China and the United States, as well as the diplomatic discourse of a third party — Russia. Content analysis as a research method was used. The results of the study are presented in the form of a table of the three countries’ diplomatic discourses’ main elements, as well as in the form of a graph of expressiveness in the texts of different speeches. It was revealed that the Russian and Chinese diplomatic discourses are the most expressive.
State and Market: The Eurasian Dominant Development in the Context of the Formation of a Multipolar World and Increased Hypercompetition
Authors: Dyatlov Sergey , Miropolsky Dmitry , Selishcheva Tamara
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the results of the International Scientific Conference “State and Market: the Eurasian dominant development in the conditions of the formation of a multipolar world”, held on October 19–20, 2023 at the St. Petersburg State University of Economics. The conference examined a complex of topical problems of the relationship between the state, market and global networks in the process of deepening Eurasian integration and in the conditions of the formation of a multipolar world. Significant emphasis was placed on the problems of the formation of Eurasian political economy as a science in the conditions of the formation of a multipolar world. Much attention is paid to the specifics and patterns of Eurasian economic integration; the role of the Eurasian Economic Union in these processes is shown; various aspects of economic cooperation with China and other Eurasian countries are considered; the transformation of models of economic development of Eurasian countries under the conditions of sanctions restrictions is considered; Current environmental problems and issues of digital transformation of Eurasian countries were studied.
Advances in PGD2/PTGDR2 signaling pathway in tumors: A review
Authors: Tian Hengjin , Ge Kunpeng , Wang Lulu , Gao Peiyao , Chen Amin , Wang Feifan , Guo Fangzheng , Wang FengChao , Zhang Qiang
Published: May 2024

Studies have shown that the prostaglandin (PG) family acts as an allergic inflammatory mediator in malignant diseases. Furthermore, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and its related receptors, as well as the prostaglandin D2 (PGD2)/PGD2 receptor (PTGDR2), play irreplaceable roles in tumorigenesis and anti-tumor therapy. Several experiments have demonstrated that PGD2 signaling through PTGDR2 not only directly inhibits cancer cell survival, proliferation, and migration but also reduces resistance toward conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Recent studies from our and other laboratories have shown that PGD2, its ligands, and related metabolites can significantly alter the tumor microenvironment (TME) by promoting the secretion of chemokines and cytokines, thereby inhibiting tumor progression. Additionally, reduced PGD2 expression has been associated with poor prognosis in patients with gastric, breast, lung, and pancreatic cancers, validating the preclinical findings and their clinical relevance. This review focuses on the current understanding of PGD2/PTGDR2 expression patterns and biological activity in cancer, proposing questions to guide the assessment of PGD2 and its receptors as potential targets for effective cancer therapies.
Methodology for obtaining a new map of basic wind speeds
Authors:   Universidad Tecnológica de la Havana José Antonio Echeverría, Aldereguía-Sánchez Camila , Fernández-Lorenzo Ingrid ,   Universidad Tecnológica de la Havana José Antonio Echeverría, Luis-García Katia ,   Universidad Tecnológica de la Havana José Antonio Echeverría, Ballote-Álvarez Javier ,   Universidad Tecnológica de la Havana José Antonio Echeverría, Elena-Parnás Vivian Beatriz ,   Universidad Tecnológica de la Havana José Antonio Echeverría
Published: May 2024

Within the methods for obtaining extreme wind speeds for the development of structures, conditioning techniques have emerged, such as the differentiation of winds according to their generating mechanisms. This has proven to be effective in places with mixed climates, such as Cuba. Another way to reduce the uncertainties in calculating the wind load is by verifying the conditions of the meteorological stations and their speed records. The World Meteorological Organization establishes specific criteria to guarantee that the records of a station are reliable, among which are the characteristics of the surrounding terrain. The present work contributes to the improvement of the current Cuban wind standard where these techniques were not considered, and aims to obtain a new wind speed map that applies the method of independent storms. In addition, the wind speed values were corrected from the terrain roughness data of the stations studied by using two methods. The results showed concordance between both methods of obtaining the roughness of the terrain and differences with the values of wind speeds of the current Cuban standard.
Sicherheit der Wasserversorgung – Blackout Vorsorge – Modellprojekt der Dieselbevorratung
Authors: Heumer Felix
Published: May 2024

Die Trinkwasserversorgung ist von der Stromversorgung abhängig, da elektrische Energie für den Betrieb der Anlagen und Ausrüstungen benötigt wird. Können die betreffenden Wasserversorgungsanlagen im Falle einer Unterbrechung der Elektroenergieversorgung nicht mit Notstromanlagen versorgt werden, endet die leitungsgebundene Versorgung mit Trinkwasser. Für den Betrieb der Netzersatzanlagen wird Treibstoff benötigt, der in ausreichender Menge vorgehalten werden muss. Die Vorhaltung kann durch eine Betriebstankstelle abgesichert werden. Zur Errichtung der Anlagen müssen diverse Rahmenbedingungen und Anforderungen identifiziert und berücksichtigt werden. Welche das sind und wie Umsetzung erfolgt, wird im nachfolgenden Beitrag am Modellprojekt „Errichtung einer Betriebstankstelle zur Dieselbevorratung“ erläutert. Die beschriebenen Arbeitsschritte sind in einer Checkliste zusammengefasst. Ergänzend werden Formeln und ein Excel-Tool für die Dieselbedarfsermittlung bereitgestellt.
Enabling Multiple Outcomes: Strategic Spatial Planning in a Shrinking City-Region
Authors: Oittinen Janne , Mäntysalo Raine
Published: May 2024

The population of Finland will start to decline in the near future, and most Finnish municipalities are already losing population. Can the tools used for land-use planning, which are historically designed to guide and control growth, be used to guide shrinking? The shrinking city-region of Kotka-Hamina has drafted a city-regional strategic master plan to manage the shrinking. The master plan and its documents are analyzed, and interviews are used to better understand how the plan is trying to achieve its objectives. The master plan is currently growth-oriented and used as a tool for place marketing. According to the interviews, growth is not essential to implement the plan. As a tool, it strives to show the potential of the city-region. The master plan guides future land use to denser areas and enables industry. Learning from this case study, strategic land-use planning can be seen as a feasible tool to manage shrinking, and the master plan hints at how that might be done, although it does need improvement. Since land-use planning has country-specific characteristics, the research findings may not be directly transferable to other planning systems. However, the findings may offer ideas on how planning tools can be adapted to similarly challenging conditions. The possibility of what strategic spatial planning has to offer in a shrinking context should be researched more to enable the development of planning tools that would be more usable in shrinking conditions.
Okul Yöneticiliği İstihdam Süreçlerinin Hukuksal Metinler ve Okul Müdürlerinin Görüşleri Kapsamında Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Kaya Taner , Hoşgörür Tuğba
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışmada hukuksal metinler ve okul müdürlerinin görüşlerine dayanarak, Türkiye’de okul yöneticiliğinin istihdam süreçlerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma durum çalışması modeli kullanılarak desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Muğla İli’nin farklı ilçelerinde görev yapan 24 okul müdürü oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma grubu amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden maksimum çeşitlilik örneklemesi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak, okul müdürleri ile yapılan yüz yüze görüşmeler yoluyla toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler, tümevarım analizi tekniği kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın görüşmeler yoluyla elde edilen verilerinin sonuçları; yönetici görevlendirme yönetmeliği, okul yöneticilerinin istihdam ve çalışma koşulları ile yöneticiliğin meslekleşmesine yönelik çeşitli sorunlar olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu sorunlar, okul yöneticiliği ile ilgili hukuki metinlerin analizinden elde edilen sonuçlara dayanarak, geçmişte uygulamalar kapsamında değerlendirilerek tartışılmış ve öneriler sunulmuştur.
Letting Pulsars Sing: Sonification With Granular Synthesis
Authors: Helmuth Mara
Published: May 2024

An astronomy sonification project has been initiated to create sound and music from the data of pulsars in space. Pulsars are formed when some stars burn out all of their fuel and emit electromagnetic radiation, which hits earth periodically as the pulsar rotates. Each pulsar has unique characteristics. The source of the data is the online Pulsar Catalog from the Australian National Telescope Facility. The first result is a stereo fixed media composition, From Orion to Cassiopeia, which reveals a sweep of much of the Milky Way, displaying audio for many of the known pulsars. Galactic longitude, rotation speed, pulse width, mean flux density, age, and distance are mapped to granular synthesis parameters. Sound event duration, amplitude, amount of reverberation, grain rate, grain duration, grain frequency, and panning are controlled by the data. The piece was created with the new SGRAN2() instrument in the RTcmix music programming language.
İLKÖĞRETİM MATEMATİK ÖĞRETMENLERİ VE İLKÖĞRETİM MATEMATİK ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ FİNANSAL OKURYAZARLIK DÜZEYLERİ
Authors: Esendemir Ozan
Published: May 2024

Bu araştırmada, ilköğretim matematik öğretmeni adaylarının ve ilköğretim matematik öğretmenlerinin finansal okuryazarlık düzeylerinin cinsiyet, yaş, yaşam düzeni, sınıf düzeyi, medeni durum ve aylık ortalama gelir değişkenlerine göre nasıl farklılaştığının ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, Türkiye’nin güneydoğu bölgesinde görev yapan 81 ilköğretim matematik öğretmenine ve 141 ilköğretim matematik öğretmenin adayına finansal okuryazarlık anketi uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre öğretmenlerin finansal okuryazarlıkları; yaşam düzeni, medeni durumlarına göre farklılaşmazken, yaş ve ortalama aylık gelir aralıklarına göre farklılaşmıştır. Genel olarak finansal durumdan duyulan memnuniyet düzeyinin ise; erkekler arasında, evliler lehine, orta yaş grubundaki öğretmenlerde ve yüksek aylık ortalama gelire sahip olanlar arasında yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir. İlköğretim matematik öğretmeni adaylarının finansal okuryazarlık düzeylerinin ise, sınıf seviyesine göre farklılaştığı gözlemlenirken, cinsiyet, yaşam düzeni veya aylık ortalama gelir aralığına göre ayrışmadığı bulgulanmıştır. İlköğretim matematik öğretmeni adaylarının finansal durumlarından duydukları memnuniyetin cinsiyete, sınıf seviyesine, yaşam düzenine veya ortalama gelir düzeyine göre farklılaşmadığı gözlemlenmiştir.
Genetic Information in the Light of Genetic Discrimination: the Experience of Foreign States
Authors: Ponomareva D. V.
Published: May 2024

Background. Genetic information is often used for purposes of discrimination. For example, the results of genetic testing can demonstrate a high risk of developing a disease in an apparently healthy person, which will require expensive medical care. Such information may affect the decision on the employment of a candidate for a job or the conditions for concluding an insurance contract with him/her. Objective. The article discusses major issues of legal regulation of public relations arising from protection against discrimination based on genetic status in the legislation and law enforcement practice of a number of foreign countries (Australia, Canada, the USA).Design. 20 studies written in English were retrieved from Scopus and Web of Science databases.Results. The research methodology is based on dialectical, logical, predictive methods, system analysis, content analysis, as well as private scientific methods (statistical, technical legal, comparative legal methods). The article provides an overview of the international legal framework for the regulation of public relations arising from countering discrimination based on genetic status, as well as key acts of leading foreign jurisdictions and law enforcement practice.Conclusion. In conclusion, the author reflects on the advisability of implementing relevant foreign experience into the Russian legal system.
The Existential Dimension of the Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights
Authors: Przhilenskiy V. I.
Published: May 2024

This article explores the evolution of values and meanings of basic concepts of humanism in the second half of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. The author analyses such fundamental philosophical notions as the nature and existence of man, human rights, freedom, will, and justice. Comparative analysis of the two most important documents in this field, namely the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights, shows a conceptual shift in the aforementioned topic. One of the main reasons for such a shift is the introduction in the Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights of the notion of ‘existence’ as being necessary for the description of human abilities. Also worthy of attention is the approach to justice described by means of awareness. Such notions are absent in the Preamble of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, suggesting that a new understanding of the phenomenon of man has emerged in the past half-century, thus distinguishing one document from another. The article also analyzes the controversy between J.-P. Sartre and M. Heidegger which played a key role in rethinking humanism as a philosophical concept and value system. Sartre reasonably rejects the identification of existentialism as a pessimistic worldview, arguing that the doctrine of human subjectivity is humanistic in nature. In turn Heidegger highlights the ontological nature of all historical types of humanism, showing their dependence on the metaphysical context. The article discusses the notion of maintaining the universalist perspective, in order to better understand the idea of human rights in a new interpretation through the prism of the philosophy of existence. The conclusion drawn outlines the relevance of an in-depth philosophical interpretation of the basic concepts of bioethics and law.
Principles of International Legal Regulation of Genetic Research and Legislation of the Russian Federation
Authors: Kosilkin S. V.
Published: May 2024

The article analyzes the current state of international legal regulation of genetic research in connection with the development of Russian legislation. The author concludes that all international legal regulation of genetic research is reduced today either to the establishment of basic principles or to prohibitions. The provisions of current Russian legislation governing genomic research do not go beyond the paradigm set out in international acts, although they have their own characteristics. The article notes that a distinctive feature of Russian legislative machinery is the detailed regulation of procedural issues and the powers of state bodies. At the same time, several issues including biobanking are not regulated at all. According to the author, the further development of science may require a more detailed regulation and a shift towards more flexible methods of regulation.
Genetically Modified Crops: A Step Forward or Catastrophe?
Authors: Chandiramani N.
Published: May 2024

For thousands of years India has been producing plants with desirable traits by conventional breeding methods. Through controlled cross breeding, several generations of our indigenous farming families have not only identified and selected but have also combined and propagated plants with favorable characteristics. This has been succinctly put by Viva Kermani, the environmentalist, in the following way: ‘Indian farmers have legitimate claims to be scientists, innovators, natural resource stewards, seed savers and hybridization experts.’ It is, therefore, ironical and agonizing that even though non-genetically modified agriculture is inextricably intertwined with Indian culture, history and ethos, and India produces enough to satisfy the hunger of its masses, there has been a push to promote genetically modified crops [GMCs] in India. Mammoth seed MNCs are greedily waiting to prey upon our multi-billion rupee seed market. This will create havoc with the lives of our farming communities; human, animal and plant life; agriculture and food safety and security; environment; and our rich bio-diversity.

What are GMCs? Is there a need for such crops in India? Are there any risks related to GMCs? Do case studies support the mythical advantages of GMCs? What is the road ahead for India? This paper raises these questions.
Competitivity Issues Related to Biobank Activity
Authors: Osmanova D. S.
Published: May 2024

The recent development of biomedical research and greater attention to the use of human bio-material has led to an increase in the number of studies devoted to biobanks. In considering the question of whether a biobank can be subject to insolvency, the present article discusses multiple points of view related to the legal status of biobanks according to which they are perceived either as an object or subject of law. From an analysis of the various organizational forms of biobank activity, the author argues that biobanks should be considered as subjects of law. Here considerations include accessing financial support from government, municipal, and other sources, the possibility of carrying out income-generating activities, mechanisms for the protection of obtained bio-material, the monitoring requirement related to entities carrying out such activities, and the possibility of recognizing such entities as insolvent. Based on the results of this research (including an analysis of the experience of foreign countries), the permissible organizational-legal forms that biobanks are instantiated, namely, public corporations, public-law companies, institutions, and public benefit funds. Because of the sensitivities involved, it is argued that such organizations should be of a non-profit character. In the light of the research question, special attention is paid to the form of a consortium. Due to the impossibility of liquidating the assets of biobank organizations in order to meet the claims of creditors, it is argued that such organizations cannot be declared insolvent.
Mentoring in education: an analysis of international practices and their implementation in Russia
Authors: Tikhonova N. V. , Ratner F. L. , Vergasova I. Y.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. In the context of an ongoing discussion about the necessity to enhance the institution of mentoring in Russia, the examination and critical analysis of the experiences of countries where the system of mentoring for novice teachers is regulated at the state level is of undeniable interest. Aim. The study aimed to identify the main features of mentoring in France and determine the potential for applying international experience in the Russian educational system. Methodology and research methods. The research employed the following methods: an analysis of pedagogical literature and normative documents in the field of education in France, and a questionnaire survey of novice teachers working as trainee teachers in primary schools in Paris. As a survey technique, a continuous online survey with a group was employed. Results and scientific novelty. The process of becoming a fully qualified lower primary teacher in France is outlined: it involves passing a competitive examination (CRPE) and successfully completing a probation period. During this probation period, candidates are required to work for one year in a school as a trainee teacher under the guidance of mentor teachers. The research focuses on mentoring practices in France, the pathways to becoming a new teacher mentor, their job requirements, professional training, certification processes, as well as their roles and responsibilities. Based on the results of a survey of trainee teachers, a social profile of a novice teacher in France was created. The main challenges and shortcomings of the participants were identified, and their interactions with mentors were analysed. The collected data enabled the authors to emphasise the benefits of the French education policy regarding entry into the teaching profession and to formulate recommendations for mentor selection and training in Russia. Practical significance. The content of the article will be beneficial for specialists in the field of comparative education and for members of the scientific and pedagogical community engaged in teacher training programmes.
The future in the structure of the subjective image of a student professional life
Authors: Zavodchikov D. P. , Lebedeva E. V. , Sharov A. A.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Modern concepts of education are based on the principles of anticipation, determination of the present by the future (advanced education, Life Long Learning). The same pattern applies to the personality of both the subject of life in general and professional life in particular. Aim. Based on the theoretical and methodological analysis, identification and empirical research of the psychological characteristics of the future, the present research aims to consider the future as a personal construct in the structure of the subjective image of professional life. Methodology and research methods. The key methodological approaches are the subjective approach and the theoretical and methodological foundations for using the synergetic approach to study the psyche, mental phenomena and processes. The study employs survey methods; the methods of mathematical and statistical data processing: comparative analysis and factor analysis were carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics v.20 program. Results. Based on theoretical ideas about time modes, time perspective, psychological characteristics of organisation and perception of time, as well as the results of an analysis of the works of foreign and Russian authors, a structural-functional model of the subjective image of professional life is proposed, including four blocks: a block of retrospection, a block of regulation of actual activity, a prognostic block, and a transspective block. Scientific novelty. The use of a subjective and synergetic approach to modelling the image of the professional future is justified. A structural-functional model of the image of the professional future is proposed, including invariants that represent a formal and meaningful representation of the temporal modes of the past, present and future and a mechanism for comparing the current state with the desired (“needed future”). Practical significance. The presented structural-functional model of the subjective image of professional life can serve as the basis for the development of a subject-oriented approach to professional guidance and support of professional development at the stage of choosing a profession and professional training with practical means of constructing a professional future.
Administrative empowerment and its relationship to job performance in special education centres in Karak Governorate: the employee perspective
Authors: Al-Momani W.A.M. , Melhem A.M.B.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Administrative empowerment in special education centres is of great interest because it involves changing approaches to organisational management in the system of special (correctional) education. This, in turn, impacts the success and sustainability of the activities of such centres. Aim. The present research aimed to quantify the extent to which employees in special education centres felt empowered by their supervisors and how that empowerment correlated with their job productivity. Methodology and research methods. To achieve the research objective, the authors utilised the correlational survey method and created two questionnaires. The first questionnaire examined the administrative empowerment transferred to staff members. The second questionnaire was administered to assess the employees’ job performance following the implementation of administrative empowerment. 112 employees of special education centres participated in the study voluntarily. Results. The results of the study showed a positive correlation between administrative empowerment and the growth of labour productivity in the centre. At the same time, there were differences in job performance based on variables such as gender, years of experience, academic qualifications, and attendance at training courses. Scientific novelty. The study identified key factors that can enhance job performance in special education centres to support students with special needs. Practical significance. The research findings will be of interest to academics, scholars, and educators working in the field of special education.
Global problems in education as a research object in international databases: a historical perspective
Authors: Sinegubov S. N. , Tsalikova I. K. , Pakhotina S. V. , Sabaeva N. I. , Kungurova I. M.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Global problems of modernity and globalisation are appealing to scientists as a research subject not only for understanding their nature, development, and manifestations in various spheres of life (in the case of our study, in education) but also because a comprehensive analysis is essential to combat them. Aim. The study aimed to trace the history of scientific research on the impact of global issues on the education system. It utilised bibliometry to conduct a qualitative content analysis of selected works to identify existing research trends within the topic and factors influencing the research agenda both in Russian Federation and abroad. Methodology and research methods. The research utilizes bibliometric methods and qualitative content analysis of publications (articles, conference proceedings, monographs, and reports) from open-access scientific journals at the final stage of publication. The study also examines statistical reports from the international Scopus database for the period from 1978 to 2023, selected based on bibliometric criteria. Papers were analysed and classified according to their publication periods and the number of citations they received. Based on the results of a qualitative content analysis comparing scientific agendas worldwide and in Russian Federation, the study identified the topics, conceptual foundations, and key participants influencing the resolution of global education issues across various historical periods. Results. Four waves of interest in this topic were identified: 1988–1999, 2000–2012, 2013–2018, and 2019–2023. From 1988 to 1999, all studies can be broadly categorised into two groups: teaching methods and organisation of educational activities. The development of specific trends in the study of global education problems began only between 2000 and 2012. From 2013 to 2018, scientists focused on restructuring the educational process in new conditions. From 2019 to 2023, the focus shifted to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the organisation and transformation of the educational process. It has been established that the thematic focus of research by Russian scientists and the international scientific community as a whole differs. The authors cite and analyse the possible historical reasons for this divergence. Scientific novelty is ensured by the absence of similar research in the international information space. Practical significance lies in the necessity, given the current socio-economic situation, to highlight global education issues for the purpose of planning and coordinating research efforts.
BİREY-ÖRGÜT UYUMUNUN YENİLİKÇİ ÇALIŞMA DAVRANIŞLARINA ETKİSİ: AMPİRİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Derelioğlu Semih
Published: May 2024

Yenilikçi çalışma davranışı, yaratıcılık, fikirlerin uygulanması ve fayda sağlamasını içermektedir. Bu anlamda, örgütün faydasına olan her tür faaliyet, yeni yöntemlerin benimsenmesi veya süreci geliştirecek yeni fikirlerin üretilmesi gibi herhangi bir eylem yenilikçi iş davranışı olarak kabul edilir. Kamu kurumlarında yeni kamu yönetimi (YKY) yaklaşımıyla birlikte yenilikçi iş davranışları son derece önemli hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, birey-örgüt uyumunun yenilikçi çalışma davranışları üzerindeki etkisini incelemek ve bu ilişkide duygusal bağlılığın rolünü açığa çıkarmaktır. Araştırma kapsamında, Türkiye’nin Ege bölgesinde bir ilçe belediyesinin merkez adliyesi ve mülhakat adliyelerinde 221 beyaz yakalı örnekleminde anket yoluyla veriler toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizleri SPSS 21.0 ve AMOS 23 programlarında %95 güven düzeyinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın hipotezlerini test etmek üzere Pearson korelasyon, regresyon ve basit eğim analizi uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, birey-örgüt uyumunun, yenilikçi çalışma davranışlarını pozitif yönde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Ayrıca, duygusal bağlılığın bu ilişkide düzenleyici bir rol oynadığı tespit edilmiştir. Duygusal bağlılık, bireylerin örgütlerine olan bağlılığını artırarak yenilikçi çalışma davranışlarını teşvik etmektedir.
AB ÜLKELERİ İÇİN 2008 KRİZİ SONRASI ESG KAPSAMINDA SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR KALKINMA PERFORMANSININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Kahreman Yusuf
Published: May 2024

Ekonomik, sosyal ve çevresel kavramları ele alan ve bu üç boyut arasında uzun dönemde denge sağlamayı hedefleyen bir olgu olan sürdürülebilir kalkınma olgusuna daha sonraki yıllarda finansal ve yönetişim kavramları da eklenerek beş alt boyuttan oluşan bir yapıya dönüşmüştür. Bu kapsamda çalışmada AB ülkelerinin küresel kriz sonrası 2008-2020 dönemini kapsayan sürdürülebilir kalkınma performansının 4 alt boyutu olan ekonomik, sosyal, finansal ve yönetişim göstergeleri ele alınarak sürdürülebilir kalkınma performansının ölçülmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda birden fazla kriteri göz önüne alarak karmaşıklığı ortadan kaldıran ÇKKV yöntemlerinden yararlanılmıştır. LOPCOW-AROMAN bütünleşik modeli oluşturularak sürdürülebilir kalkınma performansı elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca yapılan çalışmanın ve kullanılan modelin sağlamlığı test edilmek amacıyla çeşitli duyarlılık analizleri yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucuna göre, 2008-2020 dönemi için en iyi sürdürülebilir kalkınma performansını gösteren ülkeler Lüksemburg ve Almanya olurken, en kötü sürdürülebilir kalkınma performansını gösteren ülkeler Romanya ve Bulgaristan olmuştur. Ayrıca yapılan duyarlılık testi sonuçlarına göre yapılan çalışma, ele alınan değerlendirme kriterleri ve kullanılan modelin güvenilir ve istikrarlı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
HANEHALKI FİNANSAL VARLIK SEÇİMİNİN SOSYAL BELİRLEYİCİLERİ
Authors: Canatan Behice , Özbilge Gökhan , İpek Egemen
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, bireylerin finans uzmanları, medya, siyasetçiler, dini/manevi kanaat önderleri ve iş çevrelerinden oluşan sosyal faktörleri ile riske karşı tutumlarının, seçili geleneksel, riskli ve yenilikçi finansal varlık tercihleri üzerindeki muhtemel etkilerini araştırmaktır. Çalışmanın Türkiye örneklemi için logit model yardımıyla elde edilen somut çıktıları, Cumhurbaşkanlığı Finans Ofisi tarafından yayınlanan 2019 yılı Hanehalkı Finansal Algı ve Tutum Araştırması mikro veri setine dayanmaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular, bireylerin riske karşı tutumlarında meydana gelen artışın hem riskli ve yenilikçi varlıkların hem de bu varlıklarla çeşitlendirilen portföy bileşimlerinin tercih edilme olasılığını artıracağını doğrulamaktadır. Diğer yandan bireylerin finansal varlık seçimlerinin önemli ölçüde sosyal/çevresel faktörlerden etkilendiği anlaşılmaktadır. Daha çarpıcı olarak vurgulanması gereken, bu faktörlerden finans uzmanlarının pozitif etkilerinin iş çevresi, dini/manevi kanaat önderleri ve medyanın etkilerinden daha düşük oluşudur. Özellikle finansal varlıklar açısından daha riskli varlıklara ve bunların bileşimlerine geçildiğinde artan medya ve dini/kanaat önderlerine ait etkilerin dikkatle izlenmesi konuyla ilgili oluşturulabilecek politika önerileri açısından önem arz etmektedir.
ESG VE AKILLI BETA: TÜRK SERMAYE PİYASASINDA BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Turnacıgil Seda
Published: May 2024

İşletmelerin finansal olmayan bilgilerini içeren çevresel sosyal ve yönetişim (ESG) faaliyetlerini yatırım kararlarına eklemenin uzun vadeli sürdürülebilirliği desteklediği ve portföyün riske göre düzenlenmiş getirilerini arttırdığına dair araştırmalar mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de işletmelerin sürdürülebilirlik faaliyetlerinin yatırım kararlarında bir faktör olarak ele alınıp alınamayacağı incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, yatırım stratejilerinde sıklıkla başvurulan ve büyüklük, değer, momentum gibi kriterlere göre portföy oluşturmayı hedefleyen akıllı beta stratejilerine, işletmelerin sürdürülebilirlik faaliyetlerini ölçen ESG puanı kriterini eklemenin faydası ölçülmüştür. Çalışmada Ocak 2021-Eylül 2023 tarihleri arasındaki her çeyrek dönemde yüksek (düşük) ESG puanı, yüksek (düşük) piyasa değeri ve yüksek (düşük) aktif karlılığı baz alınarak portföyler oluşturulmuş, bu portföylerin normal-üstü getiri ve riske göre ayarlanmış (CAPM) getirileri ölçülerek portföyler arasında kıyaslama yapılmıştır. Buna göre Türkiye’de yüksek ESG puanları baz alınarak oluşturulan portföylerin düşük ESG portföylerinden ve akıllı beta stratejilerinden daha iyi riske göre getiri sağladığı söylenememektedir. Belirtilen dönemler arasında en faydalı yatırım stratejisinin yüksek piyasa değerine göre veya yüksek aktif karlılığına göre oluşturulan portföylere yatırım olduğu görülmektedir.
HASTANELERDE AFET VE ACİL DURUMLARA HAZIRLIK DÜZEYİ: PLANLAMA, TATBİKAT VE BİRİM ETKİNLİK DÜZEYİ ETKİSİ
Authors: Çınar Öznur , Yıldız Emel
Published: May 2024

Bu araştırmada hastanelerin afet ve acil durum hazırlık düzeyini belirleyen ve literatürde geçen üç faktör ele alınmış ve bu faktörlerin hastane afet ve hazırlık düzeyini belirleme seviyeleri incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla bir il ve iki ilçe devlet hastanesinde doktor ve hemşire harici çalışan personelden tesadüfi olmayan örnekleme metotlarından biri olan kolayda örnekleme metoduyla 128 kişiye ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma, anket yöntemi kullanılarak 09/01/2023 ile 13/01/2023 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hipotez testleri çok değişkenli regresyon analizi yöntemi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, afet ve acil durum planlamasının düzeyinin afet ve acil durum hazırlık düzeyini pozitif yönde (düşük ve orta seviyede) etkilediği, afet ve acil durum tatbikatı düzeyinin afet ve acil durum hazırlık düzeyini pozitif yönde (orta ve yüksek seviyede) etkilediği ve son olarak, afet ve acil durum biriminin etkinlik düzeyinin, afet ve acil durum hazırlık düzeyini pozitif yönde (düşük düzeyde) etkilediği bulunmuştur.
Omega-3 Fatty Acid Therapy: A Review of Study Design Flaws, Quality, and Composition
Authors: Hands Jacob , Frame Leigh
Published: May 2024

There is marked heterogeneity in the clinical response to omega-3 fatty acid therapy with many authors documenting futility in large-scale trials, secondary re-analysis, and meta-analysis. The question of failure in the context of omega-3 therapy is multifactorial and complicated by the observation that fish intake has been broadly linked to significant risk reductions across a range of conditions. The question that remains is how can we resolve the discrepancy between pre-clinical evidence and epidemiology, which dually emphasize the benefit of omega-3 therapy against the limited success of large-scale clinical trials and smaller scale clinical studies that do not consistently report benefit and may even report harm, especially as it pertains to atrial fibrillation. We present three primary considerations that may clarify the supposed failures of omega-3 therapy: 1) correction for omega-3:omega-6 ratio and competition, 2) variation in the fatty acid composition and quality of omega-3 products, and 3) fundamental concerns pertaining to the omega-3 vehicle and its impact on omega-3 metabolism. While the predominant source of omega-3 therapy is supplements, they are typically not regulated prior to market like drugs and have significant variability in fatty acid composition, vehicle, oxidation, and quality control. Further, the individual response to omega-3 therapy is likely variable and dependent on ambient dietary conditions and inherited differences in endogenous desaturase activity, which has infrequently been accounted for in large studies. The net effect of these concerns should engender pharmaceutical and consumer companies alike to consider 1) refining trial design and 2) consider the role of oxidation in the failure of omega-3 products.
Selection of new pathogens during antibiotic treatment or prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis in orthopedic surgery
Authors: Friedl Susanne , Faulhaber Senta , Hupp Markus , Uçkay Ilker
Published: May 2024

In orthopedic surgery regarding open or infected wounds, both the current antibiotic therapy as well as the perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis, may select new pathogens leading to iterative debridement and changing the antibiotic regimens targeting more resistant microorganisms. The risk of finding new and more resistant pathogens is relatively high (5%-15%) and exceeds the incidence of primary surgical site infections (SSI) after elective orthopedic surgery with primary wound closures. Based on a narrative review of the current scientific literature, we summarize mechanisms and associations of such a pathogen selection by therapeutic or prophylactic agents and focus on the importance of an adequate initial debridement and on an effective antibiotic stewardship.
Building the Blueprint: Developing New Prelicensure Nursing Programs
Authors: McCormick Maria , Sinutko Jaime
Published: May 2024

This article discusses the process of developing a Bachelor of Science in Nursing program, providing insight into the key elements that need to be considered. The demand for skilled nurses is increasing, and institutions need to create responsive and innovative pre-licensure nursing programs to meet this demand. The article emphasizes the importance of evaluating the feasibility of such a program and identifying the resources required for successful implementation. It highlights the need for securing approval from both internal and external stakeholders, as well as funding for critical aspects such as faculty recruitment and clinical skills and simulation labs. The authors draw on their experience in conceptualizing and implementing pre-licensure nursing programs to provide valuable guidance and insights. Overall, the article offers a comprehensive review of the initial steps and crucial considerations for institutions aiming to establish robust educational pathways such as pre-licensure nursing programs.
Challenges with Molecular Waste Management in sub-Saharan Africa – HIV Viral Load and COVID
Authors: Lecher Shirley , Bressler David , Martin Monte
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Waste generated from HIV viral load testing and SARS CoV-2 for diagnosis of COVID-19 contains potentially hazardous guanidinium thiocyanate. Guanidinium thiocyanate may be toxic to humans and if not properly disposed of can pollute waters and harm aquatic life. Sub-Saharan African countries are particularly challenged by limited resources to suitably manage waste generated at health care facilities and laboratories. There is a need to identify waste management challenges and develop strategies to mitigate this type of laboratory testing waste in resource limited countries. Methods: HIV viral load data used for this analysis were standardized monitoring evaluation and reporting Presidents Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief datasets for Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa, and Zimbabwe. COVID-19 data was obtained from the Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center. Discussion: Inadequate management of HIV viral load and COVID-19 guanidinium thiocyanate waste due to lack of policy, guidelines and appropriate procedures for containment, poses a significant public health threat to the environment. Recognizing this gap, the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has decided to provide technical expertise, raise awareness, and work with other international partners to disseminate knowledge and find solutions for the Presidents Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief supported countries in sub-Saharan Africa. The World Health Organization guidelines on safe management of waste from healthcare activities were proposed as a starting point to develop country specific guidelines. Conclusions: The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in collaboration with other international partners, is diligently working to provide technical assistance to countries for training and development of mitigation strategies to appropriately manage guanidinium thiocyanate containing waste. Waste management is a growing problem as molecular testing for HIV, COVID-19, and other emerging diseases increase.