bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with a Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometric Method for the Quantification of Antiepileptic Drugs Methsuximide and Normesuximide in Human Plasma and its Application in a Pharmacokinetic Study
Authors: Rajendran Karthik , Anoop Karthika , Nagappan Krishnaveni , Sekar Genguchetti Mohan , Rajendran Sankham Devendran
Published: February 2021

Background:

Extensive therapeutic drug monitoring needs an analytical method for
efficient and sensitive quantification of analytes of interest in clinical pharmacology.

Objective:

A rapid, robust, sensitive and simple UPLC-MS/MS method to quantify
Methsuximide (Ms) and N-desmethyl methsuximide/Normesuximide (MsMET) in human plasma
was optimized, developed, and validated for application in a pharmacokinetic study.

Method:

Reverse phased chromatography was performed using Zorbax SB-C18, 4.6 x 75 mm.,
3.5 μm as stationary phase, methanol and 0.1% formic acid (60:40 v/v) as mobile phase which
was delivered isocratically at a flow rate of 0.9 mL/min. The sample injection volume was 5 μL.
Mass spectrometric quantification of the analytes was performed using positive electrospray ionization
as mass interface along with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) as acquisition mode.

Results:

The selected mass transition ions for analyte, metabolite and its respective internal
standards are as follows, precursor ion (m/z) and product ion (m/z): Ms (204.06 and 119.02),
MsMET (190.05 and 119.82), Ms internal standard (MsIS) (209.17 and 124.02), and MsMET internal
standard (MsMETIS) (195.09 and 124.16), respectively. The current method was found to be
linear for Ms (60.720-6043.800 ng/mL) and MsMET (60.389 - 6010.800 ng/mL) with r2 values not
less than 0.999. The mean recoveries of all analytes ranged between 71.37 and 86.38 percentage.
Conclusion: This method was validated in accordance with USFDA’s bioanalytical guidelines.

Conclusion:

This method was validated in accordance with USFDA’s bioanalytical guidelines.
This method could be applied for a routine analysis of Ms and MsMET in clinical pharmacological
practice.
Determination of Total Arsenic, Soluble Arsenic, Total Mercury and Soluble Mercury for a Realgar and Cinnabar-containing Traditional Chinese Medicine Compound Niuhuang Xiaoyan Capsule by Semi-bionic Extraction- ICP-MS
Authors: Xu Bo-Yang , Zhu Si-Qi , Cheng Xian-Xin , Xu Yu , Liu Ji-Wu
Published: February 2021

Background::

Compound Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule is a realgar and cinnabar-containing traditional Chinese medicine, the contents of total arsenic and total mercury are found over regulation defined limits. However, only a small amount of arsenic in realgar and mercury in cinnabar are dissolved in the gastric juice, so the determination of soluble arsenic and soluble mercury is more significant than that of total arsenic and total mercury in Compound Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule.

Objective: :

To study the contents of total arsenic, total mercury, soluble arsenic and soluble mercury in Compound Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule.

Method::

Microwave digestion and semi-bionic extraction were used to pretreat the samples of Compound Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule, and the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method was established to determine the contents of total arsenic, total mercury, soluble arsenic and soluble mercury in Compound Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule. The accuracy of the established method was further evaluated by using a certified standard reference material prepared from dried citrus leaves (GBW10020(GSB-11)).

Results: :

The spiked recoveries were within 95-105 %. The R.S.D% of repeatability (N=6) and precision (N = 6) were below 5.0 %. The correlation coefficients of linear (R) for arsenic and mercury were both above 0.998. The limits of quantification (LOQ) were below 0.1 μg/L. The contents of As and Hg were defined in the dried citrus leaves and very near to the standard values provided by the manufacturer. The established method was applied to the analysis of three batches of Compound Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule produced by three different manufacturers successfully. Insufficient realgar or cinnabar was formulated in some Compound Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule samples.

Conclusion: :

The analysis showed that the contents of soluble arsenic and soluble mercury in artificial gastric juice were significantly less than that of total arsenic and total mercury in Compound Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule. The results provided a reference for further study on the toxicology and pharmacokinetics of Compound Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule.
Expression and Clinical Significance of Microtubule-Actin Cross-Linking Factor 1 in Serous Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Liu Longyang , Hu Ke , Zeng Zhaoyang , Xu Caiqiu , Lv Jin , Lin Zhongqiu , Wen Bin
Published: February 2021

Background:

Ovarian Cancer (OC) remains the first leading cause of gynecologic malignancy.
The survival rate from Serous Ovarian Cancer (SOC) is very low, and the present prognostic
predictors of SOC are not very sensitive or specific.

Objective:

The present study aimed to investigate Microtubule-Actin Cross-Linking Factor 1 (MACF1) expression in SOC tissues (including paraffin-embedded and fresh tissues) and to assess its expression and significant value in patients with SOC.

Methods:

A total of 18 fresh SOC tissues and their paired paratumor tissues were performed with reverse-transcription quantitative PCR analysis to detect MACF1 mRNA expression. Moreover, 175 paraffin embedded SOC tissues and 41 paratumor tissues were assessed for MACF1 expression using immunohistochemistry.

Results:

The mRNA and protein expression of MACF1 were both higher in cancer tissues than that in paratumor tissues, and MACF1 high expression was associated with shorter Recurrence Free Survival (RFS) and Overall Survival (OS) in patients with SOC. Furthermore, multivariate regression analysis showed that high MACF1 expression was an independent poor survival predictor of patients with SOC.

Conclusion:

MACF1 is upregualted in SOC, and it may be used as a useful patent of prognostic biomarker in SOC.
The Endocannabinoid System and Alcohol Dependence: Will Cannabinoid
Receptor 2 Agonism be More Fruitful than Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Antagonism?
Authors: Oppong-Damoah Aboagyewaah , Gannon Brenda Marie , Murnane Kevin Sean
Published: February 2021

:

Alcohol-use disorder (AUD) remains a major public health concern. In recent years,
there has been a heightened interest in components of the endocannabinoid system for the treatment
of AUD. Cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptors have been shown to modulate the rewarding effects
of alcohol, reduce the abuse-related effects of alcohol, improve cognition, exhibit anti-inflammatory,
and neuroprotective effects, which are all favorable properties of potential therapeutic candidates
for the treatment of AUD. However, CB1 agonists have not been investigated for the treatment
of AUD because they stimulate the motivational properties of alcohol, increase alcohol intake,
and have the tendency to be abused. Preclinical data suggest significant potential for the use
of CB1 antagonists to treat AUD; however, a clinical phase I/II trial with SR14716A (rimonabant),
a CB1 receptor antagonist/inverse agonist showed that it produced serious neuropsychiatric adverse
events such as anxiety, depression, and even suicidal ideation. This has redirected the field to
focus on alternative components of the endocannabinoid system, including cannabinoid type 2
(CB2) receptor agonists as a potential therapeutic target for AUD. CB2 receptor agonists are of particular
interest because they can modulate the reward pathway, reduce abuse-related effects of alcohol,
reverse neuroinflammation, improve cognition, and exhibit anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective
effects, without exhibiting the psychiatric side effects seen with CB1 antagonists. Accordingly,
this article presents an overview of the studies reported in the literature that have investigated CB2
receptor agonists with regards to AUD and provides commentary as to whether this receptor is a
worthy target for continued investigation.
Application of Spray-dried Microcapsules of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) Seed Oil Enhances Quality of Mango Juice
Authors: Abozed Safaa S. , Elaraby Ghada M. , Zahran Hamdy A.
Published: February 2021

Introduction:

Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) seeds oil are a non-traditional alpha-linolenic acid source (ALA), which is an omega-3 fatty acid. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and sensory properties of mango juice fortified with purslane seed oil (PSO) microcapsules.

Materials and Methods:

Gum Arabic (GA) and maltodextrin, as wall-materials, were used in the microencapsulation of PSO by spray drying technique. The spray-dried microcapsules were added to the mango juice (200 mL) at the levels of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g, ALA. Physicochemical properties such as viscosity, total soluble solids (TSS), pH and titratable acidity were measured, as well as sensory evaluation, during 28 days' storage at 4.0 ±0.5°C.

Results:

Our study indicated that the microencapsulation of PSO by spray drying resulted in the best microencapsulation yield (85.17%) as well as the microencapsulation efficiency (77.40%). The pH and TSS of four juice samples ranged from 3.0 to 3.6 and from 18.8 to 19.1 Brix°, respectively. In addition to that, storage periods had no significant effect on them.

Conclusion:

According to the findings presented in this paper, it has been concluded that the nutritional value of mango juices was enhanced by the addition of microencapsulated PSO as a source of ω-3 fatty acids.
An Examination of the Social Identity Model of Collective Action in the Context of Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Quang N. , Nguyen Dung M. , V. Nguyen Luot
Published: February 2021

Introduction:

Although collective action relating to land and environmental disputes in Vietnam has been increasing over the past decades, there is little research from the perspective of social psychology on this topic.

Objective:

This study was conducted to examine the applicability of the social identity model of collective action [SIMCA] in the context of Vietnam. Specifically, we assessed the predictive powers of moral conviction, politicized identity, group-based anger, and group efficacy on people’s intentions to engage in collective action in a situation where people from three communes of Hanoi blocked garbage trucks to enter a waste treatment complex located in this area.

Methods:

The participants were 132 residents from these communes. We collected the data by a self-report survey and then executed regression and path analyses to test our hypotheses.

Results and Discussion:

The results indicated that, except for group efficacy, variables in SIMCA were capable of independently predicting intentions to participate in collective action. Also, politicized identity had directly and indirectly positive effects on collective action intentions through group-based anger but not group efficacy. Politicized identity and group-based anger played partial mediating roles in the relationship between moral conviction and collective action intentions.

Conclusion:

These findings partly supporting the proposed SIMCA demonstrated the impacts of Vietnam's unique cultural and political characteristics on individuals' engagement in collective action relating to land and environmental disputes between people and their local authorities.
Epigenetic Regulation and Promising Therapies in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Kishore Chandra
Published: February 2021

The recent developments in epigenetics have shown a very important role of epigenetic
changes in cancer initiation, development, and progression. Some of the important histone modifications
shown to occur are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, citrullination, sumoylation,
ADP ribosylation, deamination, ubiquitination, formylation, O-GlcNAcylation, propionylation, butyrylation,
proline isomerization, and crotonylation, but most of the studies in the past had limited
their interest mainly on histone methylation, acetylation, and phosphorylation. Modification of
DNA strands by hypermethylation and hypomethylation regulates genomic instability and promotes
cancer. Colorectal cancer involves multiple changes in epigenetic marks present on histone
residues and DNA, which in collaboration with genetic changes, leads to cancer progression. In
this review paper, basic concepts of epigenetics relevant to cancer development are discussed, followed
by its significance in understanding the mechanism of colon carcinogenesis. Some of the epigenetic
target-based drugs are also discussed in the relevant sections to give an idea of the potential
promises of epigenetics for colorectal cancer treatment.
An Acute Stress Scale for Health Care Professionals Caring for Patients With COVID-19: Validation Study
Authors: Mira Jose Joaquin , Cobos Angel , Martínez García Olga , Bueno Domínguez María José , Astier-Peña María Pilar , Pérez Pérez Pastora , Carrillo Irene , Guilabert Mercedes , Perez-Jover Virtudes , Fernandez Cesar , Vicente María Asuncion , Lahera-Martin Matilde , Silvestre Busto Carmen , Lorenzo Martínez Susana , Sanchez Martinez Ascension , Martin-Delgado Jimmy , Mula Aurora , Marco-Gomez Barbara , Abad Bouzan Cristina , Aibar-Remon Carlos , Aranaz-Andres Jesus ,   SARS-CoV-2 Second Victims Working Group
Published: February 2021

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the response capacity of the health care workforce, and health care professionals have been experiencing acute stress reactions since the beginning of the pandemic. In Spain, the first wave was particularly severe among the population and health care professionals, many of whom were infected. These professionals required initial psychological supports that were gradual and in line with their conditions.

Objective

In the early days of the pandemic in Spain (March 2020), this study aimed to design and validate a scale to measure acute stress experienced by the health care workforce during the care of patients with COVID-19: the Self-applied Acute Stress Scale (EASE).

Methods

Item development, scale development, and scale evaluation were considered. Qualitative research was conducted to produce the initial pool of items, assure their legibility, and assess the validity of the content. Internal consistency was calculated using Cronbach α and McDonald ω. Confirmatory factor analysis and the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test were used to assess construct validity. Linear regression was applied to assess criterion validity. Back-translation methodology was used to translate the scale into Portuguese and English.

Results

A total of 228 health professionals from the Spanish public health system responded to the 10 items of the EASE scale. Internal consistency was .87 (McDonald ω). Goodness-of-fit indices confirmed a two-factor structure, explaining 55% of the variance. As expected, the highest level of stress was found among professionals working in health services where a higher number of deaths from COVID-19 occurred (P<.05).

Conclusions

The EASE scale was shown to have adequate metric properties regarding consistency and construct validity. The EASE scale could be used to determine the levels of acute stress among the health care workforce in order to give them proportional support according to their needs during emergency conditions, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Removing Educational Achievement Points From the Foundation Programme Application System: Is This the Right Decision? (Preprint)
Authors: Ganesh Kumar Abirami , Kallikas Georgios , Hassan Melihah , Dev Indu Kiran , Basu Soutrik
Published: February 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

The UK Foundation Programme Office has announced that medical students graduating from 2023 onward will not receive Foundation Programme Application System points for additional degrees or journal publications. In this viewpoint paper, we acknowledge the reasons for this decision, such as socioeconomically advantaged students having greater access to these achievements and the promotion of intercalated degrees for the sake of point accumulation. Additionally, the predictive value of these achievements with regard to junior doctors’ performance has been questioned when compared to that of other Foundation Programme Application System components. Conversely, we also highlight the drawbacks of the UK Foundation Programme Office’s decision, since this might discourage medical students from completing additional degrees and attempting to publish their work, thereby resulting in clinicians with little to no academic experience or interest. Finally, we attempt to provide suggestions for future improvements in this system by analyzing different medical schools’ approaches, such as the BMedSci Honors program offered at Nottingham University. Furthermore, promoting and supporting engagement with academia, especially among socioeconomically disadvantaged students, are the responsibility of all medical schools; such actions are needed in order to produce doctors who are both clinically and academically competent. We conclude that the aforementioned changes should only affect new cohorts in the interest of universities’ transparency and fairness to their students.
NephroTalk Multimodal Conservative Care Curriculum for Nephrology Fellows
Authors: Cohen Robert A. , Bursic Alexandra , Chan Emily , Norman Marie K. , Arnold Robert M. , Schell Jane O.
Published: February 2021

Conservative care, a comprehensive treatment path for advanced kidney disease most suitable for individuals unlikely to benefit from dialysis, is underutilized in the United States. One reason is an absence of robust education about this approach and how to discuss it with potential candidates. To address this need, we developed a multimodal conservative care curriculum for nephrology fellows. This curriculum consists of four online modules that address essential concepts and communication skills related to conservative care. It is followed by an in-person, interactive, “flipped classroom” session facilitated by designated nephrology educators at participating Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education nephrology training programs. Curriculum effect was assessed using surveys completed by participating fellows immediately before and following the curriculum and for participating nephrology educators following flipped classroom teaching; 148 nephrology trainees from 19 programs participated, with 108 completing both pre- and postcurriculum surveys. Mean self-reported preparedness (measured on a five-point Likert scale) increased significantly for all ten concepts taught in the curriculum. The mean correct score on eight knowledge questions increased from 69% to 82% following the curriculum (P<0.001). Fellows rated the curriculum highly and reported that they plan to practice skills learned. For the 19 nephrology program educators, the mean perceived preparedness to teach all curriculum domains increased after, compared with before, facilitating the flipped classroom, reaching significance for seven of the ten concepts measured. Data suggest that fellows' participation in a multimodal curriculum increased knowledge and preparation for fundamental conservative care concepts and communication skills. Fellows rated the curriculum highly. Educator participation appears to have increased preparedness for teaching the curriculum concepts, making it likely that future education in conservative care will become more widespread. Herein, we describe the curriculum content, which we have made publicly available in order to encourage broader implementation, and its effect on participating fellows and the nephrology educators who facilitated it.
Un pícaro español entre los novelistas ingleses de los siglos XVII y XVIII
Authors: Villanueva Noriega Gabriela
Published: February 2021

El artículo explora las conexiones entre la literatura hispánica del siglo XVII y los experimentos narrativos del siglo XVIII en Inglaterra que dieron forma a lo que hoy se denomina como la “novela moderna”. Se propone una vuelta a textos olvidados por la crítica anglosajona, como el Guzmán de Alfarache (1599-1604) de Mateo Alemán, para explorar los puntos de continuidad entre ésta y las novelas que aparecieron un siglo después en la isla. Se argumenta que la conexión entre los experimentos narrativos de autobiografía ficticia hechos a partir de la picaresca en relatos como el Lazarillo de Tormes (1554) y el Guzmán trazaron una pauta importante para el desarrollo de técnicas tales como la caracterización de la voz narrativa a través de su registro y dicción; la representación de la experiencia como cadena de sucesos que dan como resultado la conformación de un sujeto individual representado a través de su narración; la representación de la distinción entre discurso, vida interior y apariencia; o la representación de un monólogo exterior a través de la digresión y la conciencia narrativa frente a un interlocutor cambiante. El artículo hace un rastreo bibliográfico de la presencia del Guzmán en Inglaterra a través de la famosa traducción de James Mabbe de 1623 y de su popularidad a lo largo del siglo xvii llegando al xviii en Inglaterra, sobre todo a través de la relación que pronto se establece entre ésta y la biografía de criminales, la cual también desempeñó un papel importante en el desarrollo de la novela inglesa del siglo XVIII.
Antimicrobial Activity of Methanolic and Aqueous Extract of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa Leaves against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli
Authors: Sukeri Sarah , Karem Azizah Ab , Kamarudin Evana , Bahari Mazura
Published: February 2021

Food poisoning is one of the riskiest illnesses caused by an organism like bacteria, viruses and parasites, which can contaminate food at any stage of food production. Most reports are associated with bacterial contamination through the food preparation process. Researcher nowadays attempts to discover a safer agent to use in food preparation as a food preservative agent. Thus, the potential of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaves as an antimicrobial agent was explored in this study. It was tested against two bacteria which are Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive) and Eschericia coli (gram-negative). Antimicrobial activity of methanol and aqueous R. tomentosa leaves extract was compared using gram staining, bacterial identification, antimicrobial sensitivity testing (AST), minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) and statistical analysis. The disc diffusion technique was used for AST where the mean area of inhibition methanol and aqueous extract against S. aureus was 18 mm and 16 mm respectively, whereas there was no area of inhibition for E. coli. MIC was done to determine the minimum concentration of the extract needed to inhibit the bacteria. After that, MBC was performed to confirm the previous MIC result. Statistical analysis was done by conduct it through SPSS software program. Then, the result for S. aureus is obtained from finding its p-value. Statistically, a significant difference between the two bacteria was analyzed by using independent t-test. A result of p-value less than 0.05 was considered significantly different as one another. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference between methanol and aqueous extract on antimicrobial activity. In conclusion, both aqueous and methanol leaves R. tomentosa yielded similar antibacterial activity which susceptible to S. aureus and can be used safely toward foodborne pathogen.
Pengukuran emosi berdasarkan biofeedback sensor pada game berjenis battle royale
Authors: Ridwan Moh , Kusuma Wahyu Andhyka , Wibowo Hardianto
Published: February 2021

Game merupakan salah satu aktivitas yang saat ini tidak bisa dipisahkan dari setiap individu. Secara umum, genre pada game dibagi menjadi 5 yaitu strategy, role-playing games (RPG), sport, adventures, puzzle action. Berkembangnya teknologi munculah genre-genre baru, salah satu yaitu battle royale. Munculnya battle royale menjadikan genre tersebut, genre yang paling banyak dilihat oleh streamers online. Salah satu game dengan genre battle royale adalah PlayersUnknown’s BattleRoyale atau lebih dikenal PUBG. Dengan populernya PUBG tersebut munculah ide permasalahan yaitu, bagaimana sebenarnya feedback yang diberikan pemain saat seorang sedang bermain game PUBG sehingga, membuat sesorang candu akan PUBG. Ada beberapa aspek untuk bisa mengetahui permasalahan tersebut, salah satunya adalah emosi. Secara umum emosi merupakan dorongan untuk bertindak sehingga, pada penelitian ini emosi digunakan untuk mengetahui feedback atau experience yang dialami pemain. Dengan menggunakan dua sensor biofeedback yaitu pulse sensor dan galvanic skin respons, penelitian ini akan mengukur emosi pemain saat bermain game PUBG.
Correlation of structure parameters and performance characteristics of alloy steels for shipbuilding
Authors: Sych O. V. , Khlusova E. I.
Published: February 2021

The article presents the results of a study of the relationship between strength and performance (temperatures of ductile-brittle transition Tdb and zero plasticity NDT, critical opening at the crack tip CTOD at a test temperature of —40°C) on the structure parameters of thick plate products made of low-carbon low-alloy steels with different contents of basic alloying and microalloying elements.
FEM assessment of the local side compression technique efficiency as applicable for notched prismatic specimens
Authors: Sadkin K. E. , Filin V. Yu. , Mizetsky A. V. , Nazarova E. D.
Published: February 2021

A crack front straightness is one of the test result validity criteria for fatigue precracked static fracture toughness specimens. Actually, the ideally straight crack front cannot be reached due to the presence of residual stress. This is particularly actual for specimens cut out of welded joints containing the residual welding stress (RWS). One of the techniques allowing to lower the RWS effect is a local side compression of specimens. Its efficiency has been proved in physical testing however no quantitative assessments are known in the literature. This work comprises FEM simulation of welding, sampling and side compression processes. The effect of local compression on base metal containing no residual stress is also investigated.It has been found that in the course of local side compression the initial residual stress field caused by welding and specimen making is replaced by another field showing stress gradients more favourable for getting the fatigue crack shape meeting the validity criteria of test results as per approved test methods. The calculation results show that the complete removal of residual stress as in base metal as in welded specimens is not feasible in the range of actual practicable degrees of compression.
Digital technologies in detecting inhomogeneous concentration zones in heat-resistant nickel alloys structure, including those obtained by selective laser melting
Authors: Raevskikh A. N.
Published: February 2021

This work presents the experimental data obtained using an integrated approach in the study of the chemical, crystallographic and morphological homogeneity of the structure of a heat-resistant material on a nickel base with carbide-intermetallic hardening and an increased content of the γ-phase, synthesized on single-crystal substrates of various compositions with CHO <001> in Z-direction. Using the proposed method for studying the capabilities and certification of different-level structural structures of samples in the initial state and after thermal study of the impact. The analysis was carried out using the system for EBSD analysis integrated into the scanning electron microscope and the software package for the analysis of electron microscopic images.
Investigation of the fatigue crack growth rate in heatresistant nickel alloys
Authors: Khodinev I. A. , Monin S. A. , Ryzhkov P. V.
Published: February 2021

The results of tests on the FCGR (fatigue crack growth rate) of compact specimens of eccentric tension using a crack opening (COD) sensor under conditions of an asymmetric loading cycleR=0.1 at room and elevated temperatures are presented. The relationship between the conditions of force loading of preliminary growth of the initial fatigue crack is considered. The values of the effective stress intensity factor Keffwere obtained, which is an important estimate for interpreting the observed character of crack growth. A comparison of the properties of the cyclic crack resistance of the VZh175-ID alloy with the properties of foreign analogues Rene 88DT, Inconel 625 SLM and domestic ones - EP741NP, EK151-ID is presented. The influence of the test temperature on the growth rate is shown. The hypothesis about the linear dependence of the parameters of the Paris equation is tested.
Admixture in Africanized honey bees (Apis mellifera) from Panamá to San Diego, California (U.S.A.)
Authors: Zarate Daniela , Lima Thiago , Poole Jude , Calfee Erin , Burton Ronald , Kohn Joshua
Published: February 2021

The Africanized honey bee (AHB) is a New World amalgamation of several
subspecies of the western honey bee (Apis mellifera), a diverse taxon
grouped into four major biogeographic lineages: A (African), M (western
European), C (eastern European), and O (Middle Eastern). In 1956,
accidental release of experimentally bred “Africanized” hybrids from a
research apiary in Sao Paulo, Brazil initiated a hybrid species
expansion that now extends from northern Argentina to northern
California (U.S.A.). Here, we assess nuclear admixture and mitochondrial
ancestry in 15 bees from each of four regions across this expansive
range: the Isthmus of Panamá; Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Tapachula, Mexico;
and San Diego, U.S.A to assess ancestry of AHB several decades following
initial introduction and test the prediction that African ancestry
decreases with increasing latitude. We find that AHB nuclear genomes
from Central America and Mexico have majority African ancestry (Mexico,
79%; Costa Rica 90%; and Panamá 94%) with varying contributions from
western and eastern European lineages. AHB from San Diego (CA) show
markedly lower African ancestry (40%) with substantial genomic
contributions from all four major honey bee lineages. The mitochondria
of all bees sampled in Costa Rica and Panamá originated in Africa. The
majority (11) of bees sampled in Mexico carried African mitochondria
with the remainder carrying eastern European mitochondria. In the San
Diego population, mitochondria from all four lineages are present.
Genetic diversity measures from all New World populations are similar
and exceed those of ancestral forms. The unique genetic makeup of the
San Diego honey bee population makes it a rich source of genetic
material for honey bee breeding.
Efficacy of Intraventricular Sponge Placement to Capture Debris in Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Purrman Kyle , Amirjamshidi Hossein , Syposs Chauncey , Vidovich Courtney , Boyce Brendan , Knight Peter
Published: February 2021

Background: Surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) carries the known
risk of shedding debris into the left ventricle during valve leaflet
excision and annulus debridement. Embolization of this debris may have
devastating effects for the patient. While surgeons have developed
methods to mitigate this risk, no data exists as to their efficacy.
Herein, we present the first study that evaluates the efficacy of a
technique for capturing debris during SAVR. Methods: Our group conducted
a prospective case series of 20 patients who underwent SAVR using the
insertion of an intraventricular surgical sponge prior to valve leaflet
excision and annulus debridement to capture debris. Surgical sponges
were grossly, radiographically, and histologically examined for the
presence of cellular and acellular debris to determine the efficacy of
this technique. Results: Of the 20 surgical sponges analyzed, 15 (75%)
specimens registered positivity for cellular and/or acellular debris. 7
(35%) sponges were grossly positive, 15 (75%) were radiographically
positive, and 4 (20%) were histologically positive for calcified debris
on examination. Conclusions: This represents the first study that
objectively evaluates a method used to capture debris in SAVR
procedures. Our results demonstrate a high frequency of debris captured
within intraventricular surgical sponges and confirms the efficacy of
this technique. While this data is promising, numerous additional
approaches exist to capture debris and a best practice standard should
exist across the specialty. In addition, this study does not address the
clinical outcomes associated with this technique. To these ends,
additional data and multicenter collaboration is required.
Dynamics of a stochastic phytoplankton-toxic phytoplankton-zooplankton system under regime switching
Authors: Liu He , Dai Chuanjun , Yu Hengguo , Guo Qing , Li Jianbing , Hao Aimin , Kikuchi Jun , Zhao Min
Published: February 2021

In this paper, a stochastic phytoplankton-toxic
phytoplankton-zooplankton system with Beddington-DeAngelis functional
response, where both the white noise and regime switching are taken into
account, is studied analytically and numerically. The aim of this
research is to study the combined effects of the white noise, regime
switching and toxin-producing phytoplankton (TPP) on the dynamics of the
system. Firstly, the existence and uniqueness of global positive
solution of the system is investigated. Then some sufficient conditions
for the extinction, persistence in the mean and the existence of a
unique ergidoc stationary distribution of the system are derived.
Significantly, some numerical simulations are carried to verify our
analytical results, and show that high intensity of white noise is
harmful to the survival of plankton populations, but regime switching
can balance the different survival states of plankton populations and
decrease the risk of extinction. Additionally, it is found that an
increase in the toxin liberation rate produced by TPP will increase the
survival change of phytoplankton, while it will reduce the biomass of
zooplankton. All these results may provide some insightful understanding
on the dynamics of phytoplankton-zooplankton system in randomly
disturbed aquatic environments.
Risk Aversion, Behavioral Finance and Green Bonds for the Sustainability of Environmental Assets in Peru
Authors: Coayla Edelina
Published: February 2021

The study objective is to investigate the relationship between behavioral finance and the decision to invest in green bonds for the sustainability of environmental assets in Peru. A survey with behavioral questions was applied to a sample of 54 respondents between July and October 2019. Spearman's rank correlation, independence tests, and logistic regression were used. Significant negative correlations were found between the level of education and risk aversion, and between age and risk aversion. A negative relationship was found between risk aversion and the feeling of comfort when investing in stock market instruments such as green bonds. Aversion to a loss in investment decisions was validated; most people choose low-risk fixed income instruments despite feeling safe investing in stocks. According to the logistic regression, the decision to invest in green bonds to improve environmental quality is explained by the variables “green bond rating” and “feeling of comfort (satisfaction) investing in green bonds.”
EPQ model with learning effect for imperfect quality items under trade-credit financing
Authors: Jayaswal Mahesh , Mittal Mandeep , Sangal Isha , Yadav Rita
Published: February 2021

Although high and advanced technologies are used to produce high quality items, some defective items are produced due to an error in technical operation or in maintenance. The defective cost is the expense involving rework, repair and replacement of defective items, and also the cost incurred due to loss of goods quality. The learning function acts as a substantial function for cost diminution. Meanwhile, the impact of learning is an incident which occurs approximately everywhere and enables the workers to carry out new work with better performance after flowing repetition over a course of time. Further, a retailer offers buyers an allowable setback time to arrange the money payable to him and no extra fine if money is paid within the allowable financing time period. On the other hand, if the cash is not paid on trade-credit financing period of time, the retailer will charge on remaining cash provided by the buyer after the allowed period. Keeping these facts, we developed an inventory model for imperfect quality items with a learning effect, in which demand rate is assumed as an exponential function of the trade credit period. The expected total profit function is maximized with respect to trade credit financing period under learning effect. A numerical example is illustrated, and a comprehensive sensitivity analysis is depicted to understand the robustness of the model.
La experiencia AICLE del alumnado de primero de educación secundaria desde una perspectiva transicional
Authors: Díaz Luis Natacha Rita
Published: February 2021

La metodología Aprendizaje Integrado de Contenidos en Lenguas Extranjeras (AICLE) ha adquirido gran relevancia en la educación no universitaria y su propagación en la región canaria (España) ha sido considerable durante este siglo a través de diversos programas de adaptación de enseñanza de lengua y contenidos que se ofrecen de forma simultánea. Por tal motivo, el objetivo de la presente investigación fue conocer la percepción de 50 alumnos del primer año de educación secundaria obligatoria de una institución localizada en el área metropolitana de la isla de Tenerife (España) en torno al uso de la metodología AICLE como estrategia educativa para favorecer la competencia comunicativa en lengua extranjera. Para ello, se elaboró una encuesta de naturaleza cuantitativa y cualitativa conformada por 15 ítems. Los resultados demuestran la necesidad de fortalecer ciertas dimensiones de la metodología AICLE relacionadas con el grado motivacional, la figura del auxiliar de conversación y la implementación de estrategias y recursos de apoyo, elementos esenciales para impulsar la formación en una lengua extranjera. Por ello, se puede recomendar un mayor seguimiento del alumnado que se encuentra en ese periodo de transición educativa, ya que pueden verse afectados tanto por el cambio del contexto educativo como por el aprendizaje mediante una lengua extranjera.
MENANAMKAN NILAI-NILAI KEARSIPAN PADA KELUARGA STUDI KASUS DI LK3 PUSAKA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Sugiyanto Sugiyanto , Dorojati Rini , Sulistiana Utami , Tiurmida Nelly
Published: February 2021

Paper berjudul menanamkan nilai-nilai kearsipan pada keluarga merupakan hasil penelitian di lembaga konsultasi kesejahteraan keluarga (LK3) Pusaka di Kota Yogyakarta.  Penelitian bertujuan menguangkap dampak positif pendokumentasian arsip individu sebagai anggota  keluarga bagi dirinya dan keluarga dalam kepentingan hidup bernegara.       Pendekatan penelitian dengan metode kualitatif melalui study kasus tunggal, bersifat retrospective kearah perkembangan yang positif untuk menemukan kecenderungan dan arah perkembangan suatu kasus. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan purposive sampling, data primer dan sekunder dikumpulan melalui observasi, interview dan studi pusataka. Untuk menjamin reliabilitas data maka peneliti melakukan empat langkah reliabilitas, yaitu uji credibility, transferabilitas, dependability dan conformability.Temuan penelitian nilai kearsipan LK3 Pusaka cukup memadai sehingga penelitian ini dapat berkontribusi dalam memberi criticize, membuat dan mengembangkan  perilaku tertib dan disiplin yang membentuk keluarga arsiparis.
CONTEXTUAL ACCEPTANCE OF PHYSICAL VIOLENCE AGAINST WIVES: SURVEY AMONG INDONESIAN SOCIAL WELFARE COLLEGE STUDENTS
Authors: Rusyidi Binahayati , Yuningsih Yuyun , Zulhaeni Zulhaeni , Loho Albertina N. , Rahakbaw Nancy , Humaedi Sahadi
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT Social workers have high potential to deal with issues and victims of violence against women through their professional services. Therefore, it is important for future social workers to be well prepared with the appropriate attitudes about the issues. This study investigated factors associated with contextual acceptance of physical violence against wives that was derived from feminist, social learning and socio-demographics perspectives.  Respondents were recruited non-randomly using convenience sampling technique. Respondents were 438 male and female undergraduate students with the average age of 20 years old. Participants were recruited from 2 private and 2 public universities located in the province of West Java, Yogyakarta, Maluku and Papua. The study found that students who knew well the victim of wife abuse, studied at universities in Western Indonesia, acknowledged themselves as Muslims, reported higher level of religiosity and endorsed egalitarian attitudes toward gender roles tended to report non-justification of wife beating. Findings were discussed within the framework of social work education strategy to improve social work students’ attitudes toward violence against wives.
Unequal Contributions: Problems within the Division of Shares in Joint Community Property
Authors: Grigienė Jurgita , Čerka Paulius , Štuikytė-Skužinskienė Milda
Published: February 2021

Marriage influences the economic rights of spouses when joint community property is created. When a marriage is dissolved, joint community property has to be divided. Each country sets different rules about how joint community property should be divided between spouses. Lithuania has chosen the presumption of equal shares in joint community property. Courts may depart from equal shares of spouses because of such important circumstances as interests of children, health state of a spouse, and personal income used to increase joint community property. However, courts have never departed from the equal shares principle due to differing contributions by spouses to matrimonial property. Meanwhile, other countries take into account contribution of spouses in order to divide property fairly and to protect the interests of the spouse who has contributed significantly to joint property, if the marriage was brief and the marriage produced no children. The impossibility to depart from equal shares to different contribution of spouses could increase the misuse of the institution of marriage and the unjust division of joint community property when the spouse who has not contributed to joint community property receives an equal share of it.
Synthesis and Characteristics of CdS Nanoparticles in Normal (1 g) and Simulated Microgravity (SMG)
Authors: Shinde P. S. , Adhav L. D. , Pise R. M. , Jagtap S. S.
Published: February 2021

In the present investigation, the cadmium sulphide (CdS) nanoparticles are synthesized in the normal gravity i.e. 1 g (called as control) and in simulated microgravity (called as SMG). The SMG was created by using an instrument called Random Positioning Machine (RPM). Cadmium sulfide nanoparticles were synthesized by using standard chemical method under normal gravity (1 g) and simulated microgravity conditions. The synthesized CdS nanoparticles were characterized by Ultraviolet Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Ray spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD). The UV-visible absorption spectrum of CdS nanoparticle solution showed a distinct absorption peak at 472.19 nm in control and 458.26 nm in SMG. The band gap calculated from the absorption edge for microgravity sample was 2.71 eV and for control sample was 2.63 eV.  The crystalline size of CdS nanoparticles synthesised in control and Micro-g was determined by XRD. Obtained results showed smaller the particle size in microgravity sample (10.78 nm) as compared to control sample (13.89 nm).
PEMBUATAN ALAT PANTAU SUHU DAN KELEMBABAN UDARA BERBASIS SHORT MESSAGE SERVICE (SMS) MENGGUNAKAN AWE.2020
Authors: Kusuma Jaya I Putu Wahyu Pranata , Widagda I Gusti Agung
Published: February 2021

Telah berhasil dibuat sebuah alat yang dapat memantau suhu dan kelembaban udara melalui sebuah ponsel berbasis Short Message Service (SMS) dengan nama AWE.2020. Alat ini terdiri dari sensor suhu dan kelembaban DHT22, modul GSM SIM800L, dan mikrokontroler Arduino Uno R3. Hasil pembacaan suhu dan kelembaban dari sensor DHT22 diolah oleh mikrokontroler Arduino Uno R3 dan hasilnya dikirimkan berupa SMS lewat modul GSM SIM800L. Untuk mengukur tingkat keakuratan dari alat rancangan (AWE.2020) telah dilakukan kalibrasi dengan alat standar AWS yang ada di Stasiun Klimatologi Jembrana, Bali. Beberapa parameter dipakai untuk mengukur tingkat keakuratan alat ukur ini yaitu analisis regresi dan uji-t statistik. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa kinerja dari AWE.2020 ini sangat bergantung pada kualitas sinyal provider. Saat kondisi sinyal provider bagus, hasil uji-t dan analisis regresi alat ini menunjukan tingkat keakuratan yang tinggi. Demikian sebaliknya. Dari hasil pengamatan, serta uji statistik diperoleh bahwa alat tersebut akurat dan presisi untuk digunakan namun bergantung pada sinyal provider yang digunakan.
Kompetensi, Beban Kerja dan Kualitas Penyajian Laporan Keuangan di UPT Kementerian LHK Bali
Authors: Widnyani Nyoman Ari , Widanaputra A.A.G.P
Published: February 2021

This research was conducted to determine the effect of competence and workload on the quality of financial statement presentation. This research was conducted at 8 UPT Ministry of Environment and Forestry in Bali Province. Determination of the sample using nonprobability sampling is the purposive sampling approach. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study illustrate that competence has a significant positive effect on the quality of the presentation of financial statements, meaning that the higher the competency possessed, the quality of financial statement presentation increases, while the workload has a significant negative effect on the quality of the presentation of financial statements, meaning that the higher the workload of employees the presentation of financial statements will continue to decline.

Keywords: Competence; Workload; Quality of Financial Statement Presentation.