bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Relationship between the National Police and the Autonomous Police
Authors:   Korean Public Land Law Association, Seok Ho-Young
Published: June 2023

The former Police Act was enacted as Act No. 4369 on May 31, 1991, and came into effect on July 31, 1991. The former Police Act had 23 partial amendments or other laws, and the name was changed to the Act on the Organization and Operation of National Police and Autonomous Police (hereinafter referred to as the “Police Act”) while making the 24th full amendment (Act No. 17689, Enforcement on December 22, 2020). The fully revised Police Act was partially revised to Act No. 17990 on March 30, 2021, and the second partial amendment was partially revised to Act No. 19023 on November 15, 2022, and has been in effect since February 16, 2023. The current police law divides police affairs into national and autonomous police affairs, distributes command and supervision authority for each office, and provides a legal basis for the introduction of the autonomous police system. The main contents of the current police law were divided into national police affairs and autonomous police affairs, the head of the National Investigation Headquarters was set up at the National Police Agency, and when it was necessary to recruit and appoint from outside the National Police Agency. This paper aims to study the relationship between the national police and the autonomous police caused by the enactment of the current police law, which aims to introduce the autonomous police system, and legal problems arising from the relationship between the national police and the autonomous police. To this end, first of all, we would like to examine the concept of police affairs based on the concept of police in lecture, and to examine the distinction between national police affairs and autonomous police affairs, focusing on the contents of the police law. In particular, the National Police Commission defined it as a deliberation and decision-making agency, and the city and provincial police committees were defined as consensus administrative agencies, so legal problems were derived and proposed.
A Study on the Effect of Job Stress on Job Burnout
Authors:   Korean Public Land Law Association, Shin Yeon-Su , Lee Jae-Ran , Cho Kye-Pyo
Published: June 2023

The district police maintain national order at the forefront, protect the lives and property of the people, and perform the duties preventing and suppressing crimes. The job stress of the district police is caused by the job stress itself and the job environment, and when this stress continues to become chromic, it leads to job burnout. Job burnout results in negative behaviors such as job dissatisfaction, indifference, apathy, emotional exhaustion, cynicism, dehumanization, self-deprecation. There, the need for efficient and effective management and research on job stress and job burnout is being emphasized to overcome negatives result. In this study, we analyzed how much job stress affects job burnout in order to intend to devise policy alternatives that can prevent and improve them. The independent variable is job stress, and the sub-variables of job stress are work environment, job demand, lack of autonomy, relationship conflict, organizational system, inadequate compensation, and organizational culture. The dependent variable is job burnout, and the sub variables are emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and job efficacy reduction. The control variables are gender, age, years of service, rank, principal duty, and shift pattern of duties. According to the results of analyzing how much job stress affects job burnout by regression analysis, the findings show that except for organization system, all variables selected as independents, which are working environment, job demand, lack of autonomy, relationship conflict, inadequate compensation, and organization culture were found to have a statistically significant effects on job burnout. Among the control variables, the findings also show that rank and years of service have a statistically significant effects on job burnout.
A legal review of greenbelt regulation improvement plan: A Review the adequacy of the greenbelt system and the housing site supply plan, such as Bogeumjari housing
Authors:   Korean Public Land Law Association, Jeong Hae-Young
Published: June 2023

Greenbelt policy started as needs to regulate and manage excessive city expansion rose. Greenbelt have not been newly designated in the past 50 years and have been released according to occasional needs. It was lifted to secure land, mainly to supply housing. There are several legal issues with the supply of housing using greenbelts as well as The Bogeumjari Housing. First, A large part of the Bogeumjari Housing Project is the supply of pre-sale housing. There is a fundamental problem in the public interest of the project in that it is a policy to promote housing stability for the low-income class by releasing a considerable amount of greenbelt. Second, although the release of the greenbelt is an important matter for the people's property rights and the balanced development and preservation of national land, there is a problem that the legal basis for the cancellation of the greenbelt for housing supply is not clear. Lastly, although the legal basis for the restoration of the greenbelt has been established, the question of the legitimacy of the restoration still remains. Although the release of greenbelts with low conservation value and supplying them to public housing areas can be seen as a weakening of public necessity at the time of designation of Bogeumjari housing districts, it is a logical contradiction that it is restored to a greenbelt due to the deterioration of the real estate market. The importance of preserving the greenbelt is further revealed in that the expansion of environmental capacity is important for urban growth management. In a situation where the concept of ‘sustainable development’ has emerged as an important issue in national land policy, it is necessary to develop and manage the greenbelt in a balanced manner under national consensus and mid- to long-term plans.
Analisis Kompetensi Berpikir Kreatif Matematis Siswa SMP Kelas IX dalam Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Harahap Khairunnisa , Nurlaelah Elah
Published: June 2023

Fokus riset ini pada kompetensi siswa kelas IX SMP Kota Medan dalam berfikir kreatif matematis pada pelajaran matematika. Penulisan ini dikarenakan keresahan penulis atas minimnya siswa yang mampu berfikir kreatif matematis di Indonesia. Maka dari itu tujuan adanya riset yang ditulis ini adalah untuk menganalisa kompetensi berfikir kreatif matematis siswa SMP kelas IX Kota Medan. Riset dengan metode kualitatif ini memiliki instrumen riset berupa soal tes kreatif matematis. Uji validitas instrumen dilakukan pada 4 pertanyaan dengan 4 indikator berfikir kreatif matematis. Uji kredibilitas data dilakukan dengan teknik triangulasi. Teknik pengumpulan data primer dilakukan dengan random sampling dan penyaringan dengan bebrapa ketentuan dan data skunder dengan riset relevan dari arikel jurnal atau riset terkait. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan menjumlah nilai siswa hasil tes yang dilakukan kemudian melakukan wawancara kepada siswa, dan dilanjutkan dengan pembandingan atau penyelarasan dengan riset lain. Total data sampel adalah 30 siswa kelas IX SMP Kota Medan. Sementara data yang digunakan sebagai sampling adalah 6 siswa dengan nilai tertinggi, nilai sedang dan nilai terendah masing-masing 2 siswa. Hasil riset ini berupa hasil tes yang tertera dapat ditarik deduksi bahwa para siswa lebih unggul dalam fleksibelitas dan tidak unggul dalam keaslian. Sementara berdasarkan hasil wawancara menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata siswa lebih unggul dalam indikator fleksibelitas atau flexibelity. Selain itu berdasarkan diskusi rupanya indikator fleksibelitas dalam berfikir kreatif matetmatis siswa juga merupakan keunggulan yang cukup menonjol.
Pengembangan Digibook Transformasi Geometri Berbantuan Geogebra untuk Mengoptimalkan Kemampuan Representasi Gambar
Authors: Komara Komara , Supratman Supratman , Lestari Puji
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan digibook transformasi geometri berbantuan geogebra yang layak digunakan untuk mengoptimalkan kemampuan representasi gambar peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE melalui 5 tahapan yaitu Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation dan Evaluation. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, lembar validasi ahli materi dan ahli media, angket respon pengguna dan tes kemampuan representasi gambar. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pengembangan diperoleh hasil validasi dari ahli materi dan ahli media, digibook transformasi geometri berbantuan geogebra ini valid dengan kategori sangat layak digunakan. Respon pengguna terhadap digibook transformasi geometri berbantuan geogebra ini positif dengan kategori sangat baik. Hasil pengujian Effect Size (ES) diperoleh kategori Strong Effect. Sebanyak 75% peserta didik memenuhi indikator menyajikan kembali data atau informasi representasi ke representasi diagram, grafik atau tabel serta 88% peserta didik memenuhi indikator menggunakan representasi visual/gambar untuk menyelesaikan masalah. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa digibook transformasi geometri berbantuan geogebra layak digunakan untuk mengoptimalkan kemampuan representasi gambar peserta didik.
Penalaran Imitatif Siswa Berkemampuan Matematika Tinggi dalam Memahami Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel
Authors: Bahanan Zakiyah , Parta I Nengah , Slamet Slamet
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penalaran imitatif siswa SMP dalam memahami sistem persamaan linear dua variabel. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada siswa kelas VIII E SMPN 7 Pasuruan tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Dua subjek dalam penelitian ini dipilih dengan kriteria jawaban tes tuntas dan benar dengan menunjukkan adanya tiruan prosedur, menggunakan metode SPLDV yang sama, serta mempertimbangkan kemampuan siswa mengomunikasikan pemikirannya saat proses wawancara dan keteraturan penyusunan jawaban pada lembar pekerjaan tes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada unsur berlandasan matematika, subjek mengerti susunan langkah-langkah dalam menyelesaikan soal, tetapi dalam menerapkannya subjek hanya fokus untuk mengecek proses perhitungannya saja tanpa memperhatikan kelogisan dari langkah pemisalan variabel dan kesimpulan yang dibuat. Pada unsur peniruan prosedur, subjek menyelesaikan soal dengan mencontoh prosedur penyelesaian soal rutin SPLDV dan berkeyakinan bahwa prosedur tersebut hanya dapat diterapkan dengan mengikuti aturan pengerjaan yang telah dijelaskan oleh guru. Sedangkan pada unsur argumentasi logis, kedua subjek memiliki kemampuan yang berbeda dalam memberikan alasan logis dari prosedur penyelesaian yang telah dilakukan. Namun dalam hal membuktikan kebenaran kesimpulan, kedua subjek sama-sama tidak dapat menghubungkan jawaban pada pertanyaan sebelumnya untuk menjelaskan bukti terkait rincian uang untuk membeli bahan kue bipang yang dibutuhkan jika diketahui jumlah uang yang dikeluarkan.
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika dan Self-Efficacy Siswa
Authors: Nst Mas Berlian , Surya Edy , Khairani Nerli
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui apakah peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan matematika yang diajar menggunakan model Problem Based Learning lebih tinggi daripada pembelajaran konvensional, apakah peningkatan Self-Efficacy yang diajar menggunakan model Problem Based Learning lebih tinggi daripada pembelajaran konvensional, interaksi antara kemampuan awal matematika siswa dan model pembelajaran terhadap peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan matematika, interaksi antara kemampuan awal matematika siswa dan model pembelajaran terhadap peningkatan Self-Efficacy siswa. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan quasi eksperimen. Subjek dari penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 3 Aek Kuo tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa yang diajar menggunakan model Problem Based Learning lebih tinggi daripada yang diajar dengan pembelajaran konvensional. Kemampuan Self-Efficacy siswa yang diajar dengan model Problem Based Learning lebih tinggi daripada dengan pembelajaran konvensional. Terdapat interaksi antara kemampuan awal matematika siswa dan model pembelajaran terhadap peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa dapat dilihat berdasarkan uji hipotesis melalui uji t dan uji f yang masing-masing mendapat skor nilai sig model pembelajaran 0,000 < 0,05 dan nilai nilai thitung > ttabel yaitu 4,795 > 2,008. Terdapat interaksi antara kemampuan awal matematika siswa dan model pembelajaran terhadap peningkatan Self-Efficacy siswa. Dibuktikan berdasarkan uji hipotesis melalui uji t dan uji f yang masing-masing mendapat skor nilai sig model pembelajaran 0,004 < 0,05 dan nilai thitung > ttabel yaitu 3,450 > 2,008.
Students Error Description and Contributing Factor in Solving TIMSS Geometry Content Domain Problems Based on Their Learning Style
Authors: Maulana Hendri , Muzdalipah Ipah , Setialesmana Depi , Musannadah Rina , Wali Lazna Suci
Published: June 2023

Using Newman Error Analysis (NEA) theory, this study aims to describe the errors made by students when solving TIMSS geometry content domain problems. Six eighth-grade students from a junior high school in Tasikmalaya consists of two students from each of the three learning styles (visual, auditory, and kinesthetic) were used as research subjects in a descriptive qualitative study during the academic year 2019/2020. The data were collected remotely through Zoom and Skype as the research was conducted during the earlier phase of COVID-19 pandemic. Three problems from the geometry content domain of the TIMSS 2015 test, unstructured interviews, and learning style questionnaires developed by the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia were the instruments used to collect data. The study results indicate that visual-style subjects made no errors during the reading stage, whereas almost all subjects made errors during the other stages. The most highlighted causes of errors were a lack of concept comprehension and neglecting prerequisite materials related to the required concepts. Mathematics teachers should consider this description when designing instructional strategies to reduce students' problem-solving errors.
Pengembangan Media Truth or Dare Berbasis Model Problem Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Logis dan Motivasi Belajar Matematika Siswa SMA Negeri 11 Medan
Authors: Sagala Aisyah Fitri Handayani , Mariani Mariani , Mansyur Abil
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis validitas, kepraktisan dan keefektifan media Truth or Dare berbasis model Problem Based Learning untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir logis dan motivasi belajar matematika siswa SMA Negeri 11 Medan; menganalis peningkatan kemampuan berpikir logis siswa dengan menggunakan media Truth or Dare berbasis model Problem Based Learning; menganalisis peningkatan motivasi belajar matematika siswa dengan menggunakan media Truth or Dare berbasis model Problem Based Learning. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 11 Medan tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: media Truth or Dare berbasis model Problem Based Learning untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir logis dan motivasi belajar matematika siswa yang dikembangkan telah memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis dan efektif; peningkatan kemampuan berpikir logis menggunakan media Truth or Dare berbasis model Problem Based Learning yang telah dikembangkan dilihat dari nilai N-gain pada uji coba I sebesar 0,37 dalam kategori sedang kemudian meningkat menjadi 0,55 pada uji coba II; peningkatan motivasi belajar matematika siswa menggunakan media Truth or Dare berbasis model Problem Based Learning yang telah dikembangkan dilihat dari nilai N-gain pada uji coba I sebesar 0,38 dalam kategori sedang meningkat menjadi 0,47 pada uji coba II.
Calcium phosphate brushite cements made from substituted tricalcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 and reinforced with silicate glass fiber
Authors:   Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation, Musoev Sh.A. , Knotko A.V. , Filippov Ya.Yu.
Published: June 2023

The reinforcement of reaction hardening phosphate materials (phosphate cements) for bone implants, based on isomorphically cation- (Na+, K+) and anion- (SiO44-, SO42-) substituted tricalcium phosphate (β and α-TCP, Ca3(PO4)2), that are reinforced with silicate (basalt-based) fiberglass, is considered. The obtained materials were characterized by the XRD and SEM methods, mechanical compression tests were carried out, the setting times of cements were determined, changes in the pH of the aqueous medium in contact with the cements under study were measured. Microstructure analysis has been shown that the surface of the reinforcing fiber in contact with the matrix of hardening cement is partially corroded with the formation of phosphate microparticles on it. By pH-metry it was found that the samples during prolonged contact with water do not significantly change the pH value of the aquatic environment, which remains in the nearly neutral range from 5 to 7.5, favorable for further biological tests.
The Impact of Diet on Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Current Evidence and Future Directions
Authors: Kubarat Basneer
Published: June 2023

The Impact of Diet on Cancer Prevention and Treatment: CurrentEvidence and Future Directions
The Role of Immunotherapy in Cancer Treatment: Advances and Challenges
Authors: tabish hassan
Published: June 2023

The Role of Immunotherapy in Cancer Treatment: Advances andChallenges
Differential expression of DUSP4 in cancer of the skin: malignant melanoma.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: June 2023

Skin cancer is diagnosed in nearly 1.5 million patients each year (1). While patients with basal and squamous cell carcinomas are provided with 5-year survival rates at nearly 100% and 90%, respectively, patients diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma (metastatic melanoma) are provided 5-year survival rates at 91.4% at stage I and 24.6% at stage IV (2-5). We mined published microarray datasets (6, 7) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with the deadliest type of skin cancer, malignant melanoma. We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding dual specificity phosphatase 4, DUSP4, when comparing melanoma tumor tissue from the human skin to the tissue of origin. DUSP4 mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in melanoma tissues as compared to normal tissues from the skin. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of DUSP4 in melanoma tissues was not correlated with overall survival in patients with malignant melanoma. DUSP4 expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of malignant melanoma in humans.
The Impact of Environmental Factors on Cancer Risk
Authors: tabish hassan
Published: June 2023

The Impact of Environmental Factors on Cancer Risk
Advancements in Immunotherapy for Cancer Treatment: Current Status and Future Perspectives
Authors: ansari zeeshan
Published: June 2023

Advancements in Immunotherapy for Cancer Treatment: CurrentStatus and Future Perspectives
Hubungan Jadwal Mata Kuliah Pagi Dengan Motivasi Belajar Mahasiswa
Authors: Lestari Delpi
Published: June 2023

Hubungan jadwal mata kuliah pagi dengan motivasi belajar memiliki hubungan dengan kategori cukup. jadwal mata kuliah pagi dapat membantu membangun rutinitas dan disiplin dalam belajar. Mahasiswa harus bangun pagi, menyiapkan diri, dan hadir tepat waktu di kelas. Ini menciptakan kebiasaan yang terstruktur dan dapat membantu meningkatkan motivasi belajar. Rasa tanggung jawab terhadap jadwal dapat menjadi pendorong untuk tetap termotivasi dan mengikuti jadwal belajar yang teratur. Jadwal mata kuliah pagi dapat memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap motivasi belajar mahasiswa.
Diamonds in the Not-So-Rough: Wild Relative Diversity Hidden in Crop Genomes
Authors: Flint-Garcia Sherry , Dempewolf Hannes , Feldmann MItchell J , Morrell Peter L , Ross-Ibarra Jeffrey
Published: June 2023

Cultivated species have reduced genetic diversity relative to their closest wild relatives. Domestication also changes the type and effect of polymorphic variants in domesticates. Cultivated species selected for productivity under optimal growth environments have often lost genetic variants that contributed to adaptation to diverse and now rapidly changing environments. Selection for yield can also cause harmful variants segregating in wild relative populations to either be lost to purifying selection or fixed in domesticates. Preservation and effective utilization of the rich genetic resources that crop wild relatives offer while avoiding detrimental variants and maladaptive genetic contributions is a central challenge for ongoing crop improvement.Most crops show evidence of admixture and gene flow with their wild relatives during the course of evolution. We argue that allelic diversity from crop wild relatives likely already exists in cultivated populations conserved in germplasm repositories. These alleles have been tested by evolution in an agronomic background. Many are of sufficient age that the twofold sieve of recombination and selection have separated them from linked deleterious variants. Surveying domesticated traditional varieties for functionally relevant variation from wild relatives may thus greatly facilitate the identification and incorporation of useful wild diversity into modern breeding programs.
The Role of Diet in Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Current Evidence and Future Directions
Authors: tabish hassan
Published: June 2023

The Role of Diet in Cancer Prevention and Treatment: CurrentEvidence and Future Directions
The Impact of Social Support on Cancer Patients: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: bholpori werat
Published: June 2023

The Impact of Social Support on Cancer Patients: A ComprehensiveReview
A Fine-Grained Investigation of Single-Trial N400 Amplitudes and Response Times in Association- and Similarity-Driven Abstract and Concrete Word Priming
Authors: Huvermann Dana Maria , Ghio Marta , Funke Andreas , Bellebaum Christian , Bechtold Laura
Published: June 2023

Research investigating two-way interaction effects of concreteness, priming and/or the type of prime-target relation helped us understand the mechanisms involved in contextual semantic processing while yielding partially conflicting findings. We investigated the interplay of all three factors in a priming paradigm manipulating target concreteness, prime semantic diversity and prime-target similarity-/association-based relation-strength, measuring N400 amplitudes and lexical decision times in 40 and 70 participants, respectively. The single-trial N400 analysis confirmed that processing abstract words was more strongly modulated by relation-strength than concrete words. Unexpectedly, a prime’s high vs. low semantic diversity partially reversed similarity-driven N400 modulations, irrespective of concreteness. Regarding reaction times, semantic diversity reduced whereas relation-strength enhanced priming effects, unexpectedly irrespective of concreteness. Our results support semantic control hypotheses and controvert differential representational frameworks for concrete and abstract words. Additionally, a primes’ semantic diversity seems to directly affect whether the prime-target relation strength reduces semantic retrieval effort and eventually facilitates semantic word processing.
Can chatbots ever provide more social connection than humans?
Authors: Folk Dunigan Parker , Yu Stephanie , Dunn Elizabeth Warren
Published: June 2023

Around the world, hundreds of millions of people have used social chatbots designed to provide companionship to their users. But can people reap genuine social benefits from interacting with chatbots? In Studies 1a&b (pre-registered; N=801), participants shared good news with a supportive or less supportive interaction partner whom they believed was either a chatbot or a human. The benefits participants gleaned from the interaction were influenced by their partner’s response style, but not by whether their partner was human. In Study 2 (pre-registered, N=201), participants derived more social connection from having a supportive conversation with ChatGPT than with a less supportive human. In a final pre-registered study (Study 3; N=401), we identified an important boundary condition, demonstrating that the benefits of interacting with chatbots may be reduced when they claim too much humanity.
Self-Esteem and Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors: A Meta-Analytic Review
Authors: Buecker Susanne , Doll Jenny , Diaz Sandra Abrantes , Haehner Peter , Berg Frederic , Kaurin Aleksandra , Teismann Tobias
Published: June 2023

The feeling of being of little worth can trigger suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs). This meta-analysis examined the association between self-esteem and STBs based on k = 114 studies and tested potential moderators of this association. We found moderate to strong negative associations between self-esteem and STBs (r = -.435 and d = -0.805 for ideation, r = -.258 and d = -0.828 for behavior, r = -.405 and d = -1.610 for the combination of thoughts and behaviors). This meta-analysis identified evidence gaps, including the need for more studies on the association between suicidal behavior and self-esteem, more research on the second half of life, and more longitudinal studies. Overall, this meta-analysis provides a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between self-esteem and STBs and contributes to the existing literature on suicide prevention.
Mental health inequalities, challenges and support needs during COVID-19: a qualitative study of 14-to-25-year-olds in London
Authors: Lee Jasmine , Wong Keri Ka-Yee
Published: June 2023

**The latest published paper is now available as of 1 April 2024 via open access at: Lee, J., & Wong, K. K. Y. (2024). Mental health inequalities, challenges and support needs during COVID-19: a qualitative study of 14-to-25-year-olds in London. BMJ open, 14(4), e080161.**BackgroundThe impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on adolescent’s mental health and social lives has received growing attention, yet the challenges and support needs of adolescents living in existing deprivation is not well understood. The current qualitative study is part of a larger co-production study aimed to understand adolescents’ lived experience and support needs four years on from the Covid-19 pandemic.MethodSemi-structured interviews (N = 20) and focus groups (N = 6) were conducted with 14-to-25-year-olds (60% female) referred by local authority teams. Transcripts were transcribed verbatim, inductively thematically analysed by researchers, and results fed back to participants and the local council. ResultsEight themes were identified for adolescents’ Covid-19 ‘lived experiences’ with five including ‘support needs’: health challenges and support; relationships and support; routines and support; educational challenges and learning support; inequality and support; distrust; loss of opportunities; and grief.ConclusionsAdolescents spoke of ‘silver linings’, challenges, and need for support still being felt four years on from the Covid-19 pandemic. Many adolescents shared their lived experiences for the first time with someone else, and wished they would have the space and time to acknowledge this period of loss. Study findings scratch the surface of how young people’s experience of living with inequality and deprivation before the pandemic have been sustained and exacerbated during the pandemic. Co-produced support for adolescents should still be prioritised.Key practitioner message •The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on adolescents’ mental health and relationships has received growing attention, yet the type of support that they would like is underexplored.•Adolescent spoke about the forced societal expectation of ‘moving on’ with their lives and not having the time and safe space to just ‘talk about’ their lived experiences and support needs, four years on from the Covid-19 pandemic.•Challenging experiences were shared by the majority of adolescents yet positive ‘silver linings’ were also highlighted for a minority.•Through co-production research, practitioners can provide low-intensity support to adolescent-identified areas of support need: mental health, rebuilding relationships, relearning routines, learning/working techniques, and reducing the inequality-deprivation gap.•Given the concerns raised, adolescents from this community are living with sustained inequalities and deprivation that existed before the Covid-19 pandemic, and need targeted and immediate support more than ever before.Keywords: adolescence, inequality, qualitative, co-production, mental health, support.
Simulation Performance Analysis of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Using Comsol Multiphysics 5.6 Software
Authors: Ningrum Yety Setyo , Erinda Ririn Martin , Arsana Made , Ningsih Erlinda , Rajan Anthony Francis
Published: June 2023

A heat exchanger is a very important tool in the fields of engineering and industry, especially in energy conversion. This study was aimed at determining the effects of hot and cold fluid flow velocity on the overall heat transfer coefficient (UA) and effectiveness in shell and tube heat exchangers using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6 software. Another research objective was to observe the phenomena of heat transfer in the shell and tube type heat exchanger at each hot and cold fluid flow velocity. The heat exchanger was designed with a total length of 800 mm and equipped with 18 tubes having a diameter of 2 in and a length of 600 mm. The material used for tube and shell construction was stainless steel. A simulation was carried out using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6 software to determine the performance of the designed heat exchanger. The results of this simulation indicated that the effects of hot and cold fluid velocity were directly proportional to the value of UA. The heat exchanger have result the smallest UA value of 80.062 W/m2.K, meanwhile the highest UA value of 174.950 W/m2.K. The heat exchanger have result the minimum effectiveness value of 22.305% and the maximum effectiveness value of 52,047%. The second result is phenomenon stating that the surface temperature of the shell and tube would change along with the increasing velocity of both hot and cold fluids, signifying the heat transfer such as conduction and convection from the fluid to the shell or tube.
Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer in a Flat-wall Impinging Diesel Spray Flame under Diesel-like Conditions
Authors: Safiullah Safiullah , Ray Samir Chandra , Rohmawati Iis , Mahmud Rizal
Published: June 2023

The heat loss through the walls of Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs) needs to be minimized and improved since it has a detrimental impact on the overall thermal efficiency of the engine. This study focuses on investigating heat transfer in a flat-wall impinging diesel spray flame, simulating diesel conditions, to optimize engine parameters. The effects of factors such as various injection pressures, nozzle hole diameters, impingement distances, and oxygen concentrations are analysed in combined and individually. Experimental techniques, such as high-speed imaging, heat flux sensors, and thermocouples, are used to visualize spray flame, measure heat flux profiles and temperature distributions, respectively. Preliminary results and their implications on heat transfer and heat loss are discussed. Regarding the parametric studies investigating the effect on wall heat loss under conditions similar to those of a small diesel engine, it was observed that the transferred heat on the wall was significant in certain conditions. These results emphasize the effectiveness of manipulating the injection rate profile as a viable step to suppress the heat transfer through the wall.
Using a Patient-Completed Food Frequency Questionnaire to Determine Mediterranean Diet Score in People with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Taylor Lorian M , Tandon Puneeta , Raman Maitreyi
Published: June 2023

Purpose: To examine the level of agreement between a patient-completed food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and assessment of usual intake by a registered dietitian (RD) to score adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MedD) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods: Patients with IBD completed a short FFQ and were subsequently interviewed by an RD. A 12-item MedD score (MDS), adapted from the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS), was calculated from the FFQ and RD assessments. To determine agreement between individual items, Cohen’s kappa coefficients were calculated. Absolute agreement between assessment methods was quantified using a one-way random intra-class correlation coefficient for a single measure.

Results: Forty-six patients with IBD participated. The mean FFQ-MDS was 4.59 (standard deviation [SD] = 1.65), and mean RD-MDS was 4.83 (SD = 1.53). Kappa coefficients for individual MEDAS items ranged from 0.41 to 0.78 (p < 0.01) between the FFQ- and RD-MDS. Most items demonstrated moderate to substantial agreement. The intra-class correlation coefficient for absolute agreement between the summed FFQ-MDS and RD-MDS was 0.71 (95% confidence interval: 0.52–0.83, p < 0.001), indicating moderate reliability.

Conclusions: This patient-completed FFQ may be a promising tool in clinical practice and research and would benefit from additional evaluation to validate its use in patients with IBD.
Alfred Prufrock Suffered from Self-Awareness Disorder Which Led Him to Social Anxiety
Authors: Ibrahim Amal M.A.
Published: June 2023

This study sheds light on "J. Alfred Prufrock's Love Song" which is a poem that shows the disturbance of self-awareness of the narrator of the poems. The thoughts, senses, feelings, and emotions reflect a fifty-year-old man who experienced trauma due to the social situation and the crisis of the First World War. The aim of the study is to investigate the disturbance of self-awareness that the speaker suffers as a result of the societal situation in this era. The study concluded that "Prufrock" is a shy person with a hesitant nature and unable to take any positive or negative action in his life, and the disturbance in self-awareness led him to social anxiety which in turn led to despair, pessimism, isolation, and alienation. These aspects are among the principles of this modern period.
Aspek Kognitf dalam Novel Dunia Anna Karya Jostein Gaarder (Pendekatan Didaktis)
Authors: Kusnita Sri , Uli Indriyana , Yuniarti Netti
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan aspek kognitif dalam novel Dunia Anna karya Jostein Gaarde menggunakan pendekatan didaktis. Aspek kognitif berkaitan dengan keterlibatan intelek pembaca dalam upaya memahami unsur-unsur kesastraan yang bersifat objektif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan didaktis. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah novel novel Dunia Anna karya Jostein Gaarder. Diterbitkan oleh penerbit Mizan dengan jumlah halaman 244. Novel Dunia Anna karya Jostein Gaarder Novel ini dibagi menjadi 38 bab. Berdasarkan kajian didaktis novel Dunia Anna sebagai aspek kognitif di atas, dapat disimpulkan hal-hal berikut. a) Persoalan kedidaktisan dalam novel ini disajikan melalui kondisi seorang anak yang sangat peduli dengan lingkungannya. Dia sangat mengkhawatirkan kondisi bumi karena adanya perubahan iklim dan pemanasan global yang debabkan oleh ulah manusia itu sendiri.  Persoalan-persoalan kedidaktisan tersebut disajikan secara logis dan sistematis. b) Isi/ungkapan kedidaktisan sebagai aspek kognitif dalam novel Dunia Anna meliputi: (1) Kajian Didaktis: Apek Kognitif Berkaitan dengan Pengetahuan (Knowledge). (2) Kajian Didaktis: Apek Kognitif Berkaitan dengan Pemahaman (Comprehension). (3) Kajian Didaktis: Apek Kognitif Berkaitan dengan Penerapan (Application) (4) Kajian Didaktis: Apek Kognitif Berkaitan dengan Analisis (Analysis). (5) Kajian Didaktis: Apek Kognitif Berkaitan dengan Sintesis (Synthesis). (6) Kajian Didaktis: Apek Kognitif Berkaitan dengan Evaluasi (Evaluation).
Implementasi Podcast dalam Mata Kuliah Public Speaking
Authors: Anita Finny , Meliasari Rahayu , Syahadati Elly
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan podcast untuk keterampilan berbicara di depan umum yang menghibur dan untuk mengetahui respon mahasiswa terhadap penerapan podcast dalam mata kuliah public speaking Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris IKIP PGRI Pontianak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus. Untuk memperoleh data, peneliti menggunakan teknik observasi dan teknik komunikasi langsung yaitu daftar periksa observasi dan wawancara sebagai alat pengumpulan data. Subyek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester dua IKIP PGRI Pontianak. Untuk menganalisis data, peneliti yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif naratif. Teknik ini ditentukan melalui tiga langkah, Reduksi Data, Penyajian Data, dan Kesimpulan (Miles dan Huberman, 1984) dari hasil checklist observasi dan wawancara. Penerapan podcast memiliki keuntungan bagi siswa, salah satunya ketika siswa berlatih podcast dapat membantu meningkatkan kemampuan bahasa Inggris siswa, khususnya dalam berbicara. Kegiatan dengan video live podcast mendukung keunggulan penerapan podcast dalam mata kuliah public speaking, dan penerapan podcast dalam mata kuliah public speaking sangat bermanfaat bagi mahasiswa dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara karena metode pembelajaran yang menarik, sehingga dapat menambah wawasan mereka. dan percaya diri dalam berbicara di depan umum. Ini bisa menjadi alasan bahwa menggunakan podcast untuk mengajar siswa bagaimana berbicara bahasa Inggris akan meningkatkan keterampilan berbicara mereka.
Effectiveness of the Alarm System Policy on Reducing Ambulance Response Time in Prehospital Emergency Patient Care
Authors: Chanchalotorn Siwakorn , Ayurag Tin , Suwansilisil Supakorn , Siripakkaphant Christsanutth , Ponsumritchok Petnumnueng , Siritikul Nattaphan , Waroonkun Supanut , Prayunsangrussamee Charupat , Tianwibool Parinya
Published: June 2023

Objective: Reduction of ambulance response time leads to an increase in positive patient outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether an accomplished response time within eight minutes could be increased after the introduction of an alarm system policy and to study if the mortality rate would be decreased after the introduction of alarm system policy. Material and Methods: An interrupted time series was conducted in the collection of code red patients between the following dates: 1st November 2015 and 31st October 2019. The data was collected from the medical records of Maharaj Nakorn, Chiang Mai Hospital. The collected data were separated into: the pre-protocol period (1st November 2015 to 31st October 2017) and the post-protocol period (1st November 2017 to 31st October 2019). Results: A total of 552 patients were included in the overall analysis. The success rates of response time within eight minutes of patients with code red in the pre-protocol period and post-protocol period were 64.62% and 73.11%, respectively. It was discovered that the success rate was significantly higher (adjusted odd ratio=1.627, 95% confidence interval: [1.017, 2.602]; p-value<0.05) in the post-protocol period versus the pre-protocol period. A decrease in the mortality rate in 24 hours and the mortality rate in the emergency room (ER) was observed in post-protocol period, from the interrupted time series model. However, no significant difference was evident through the process of statistical analysis. Conclusion: The implementation of the protocol could significantly reduce response time; thus, achieving the 8-minute goal. Hence, this protocol will be able to promote better emergency services in pre-hospital-based care.
Climate Change and Democracy: Insights from Asia and the Pacific
Authors: Tham Joo-Cheong , Apinelu Eselealofa ‘Ese , Barbara Julien , Hayakawa Motoky , Howard Elise , Katel Om , Kant Romitesh , Khalid Khalisah , Low Melissa , Sahoo Niranjan
Published: June 2023

Democracy is on trial in the climate crisis. It is charged with having failed to prevent dangerous climate change. To its critics, the very same features of democracy praised as its defining virtues—popular sovereignty, the accountability and responsiveness of elected officials, public debate and deliberation—are handicaps that impede effective climate action. However, this trial is not over and it would not be safe to deliver a verdict at this stage. The case for authoritarian regimes is flawed in both theory and practice and while it is late for preventing the worst impacts of climate change, there is still a window to provide a climate-safe future. Here, it is overwhelmingly democratic nations that are taking the lead. With this in mind, this Report focuses on democracy and the climate crisis in the Asia and the Pacific region. A regional approach based on case studies has been chosen to contextualize the challenges to democracy arising from this crisis. The Asia and the Pacific region is significant for several reasons—it is the most populous in the world; it is a region that will be disproportionately affected by climate change and where many countries are considered highly vulnerable; and, as this Report makes clear, it is also a place where there have been vibrant innovations to democratic institutions and practices for dealing with the climate crisis.
The japanese-american military-political alliance: secrets of longevity
Authors: Panov Alexander N.
Published: June 2023

The article analyzes an evolution of the Japanese-American military-political alliance in the end of XX - in the beginning of XXI centuries under influence of the increased of political, economical and military potential of Japan and also radical reorganization of international relations in the period of detente in Soviet-American relations, in the end of cold war, disintegration of the Soviet Union, the rise of China, aggravation of international situation after the start of the limited special operation of Russia in Ukraine. Military potential of the Japanese was evaluated, as well as the possibility of Japanese self-defense forces to repel limited attack on Japanese territory and plans of the government of Japan for improvement of the defense potential of the state. With it all, there are noted a serious shortcomings of Japanese potential of deterrence of possible threats for security and preservation of relay on the U.S. «nuclear umbrella», as well as assistance of American armed forces in repel of aggression. In this connection, there is a prognosis, especially in view of radically changes global international situation and relations in the Asia-Pacific region, that the Japanese-American military-political alliance will be preserved in all probability.
The initial period of the sino-japanese war 1937-1939
Authors: Ermakov Dmitry N. , Popov Grigory G. , Kazenkov Oleg Yu.
Published: June 2023

The article provides political assessments of the attitude of German military specialists to the processes of the initial period of the Sino-Japanese War. The authors are based on previously little-known documents from the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of Russia, some of these documents are put into circulation for the first time. The article reflects the struggle of ideologies on the territory of China during its military clash with Japan. The authors, based on German documents, show the harsh anti-communist nature of Japanese policy in the occupied Chinese territories, and also address the problem of Japanese chauvinism in the late 1930s. The complexity of relations between the Japanese military and representatives of the political and economic elites of China at the initial stage of the Sino-Japanese War led to the support of the Chinese bourgeoisie for the Kuomintang regime, which weakened the position of Chinese collaborators. The article shows the failure of the strategy of the Japanese occupation authorities aimed at splitting the Chinese society. The article reflects the role of Alexander von Falkenhausen at the initial stage of the Sino-Japanese War. The authors highlight the issues of strategic miscalculations of the Japanese high command and shortcomings in the strategy of Chiang Kai-shek.
Strategic planning system experience in the United States and its possible applications in Russia
Authors: Kravchenko Evgeny I.
Published: June 2023

In the modern world, more and more attention is paid to the issues of strategic planning both at corporate and state levels. Sustainable socio-economic development of the state, improving quality of life of citizens and ensuring security depend, along with other factors, on effectiveness of strategic planning. Federal Law No. 172-FZ of June 28, 2014 «On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation» establishes the legal framework for the building and development of an integrated system of strategic planning in the field of socio-economic development and national security of Russia. Today, the approach to strategic planning in Russia is characterized by both systemic shortcomings and practical implementation problems. Of particular relevance to the topic is current difficult economic and geopolitical situation, in which inefficient organization of planning increases the risks many times over. As a consequence, it is extremely important to consider the world experience of state strategic planning. The article is focused on the planning system that has developed in the United States. The complexity of the approach, its flexibility, efficiency, harmonization of goals at various levels, tight integration of all elements of the strategic planning system (planning, forecasting, budgeting, management), strict monitoring and control of key performance indicators make it a possible basis for improving the system that exists in our country.
Washington's policy amidst the new geopolitical realities in the Transcaucasus
Authors: Gegelashvili Nana A.
Published: June 2023

The article examines the current policy of Washington regarding the problem of conflict settlement in Nagorno-Karabakh as well as its post-conflict building. The U.S. interest towards the region of the Transcaucasus in general and Armenia, in particular which is the only Russian ally in the region against the backdrop of the Russian-American aggravation due to the crisis in Ukraine has been recently increased. The truth is that Armenia is a country capable of changing the configuration of the entire region in case it links to Western sphere of influence that can drastically weaken Moscow's position there. The article contains an analysis of the current situation around the conflict as well as the extremely offensive and proactive policy of Washington itself, which is the main shaper in resolving the conflict, as well as the EU, the conductor of US policy in Nagorno-Karabakh, both acting within the framework of the "indestructible" "Transatlantic Partnership". The author notes the consistency of Washington's policy in this region, which reflected in its implementation in the region, especially in the context of the settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Meanwhile, Washington's desire to become the main mediator of the conflict will depend not only on the success of its policy in the region, but also on the position of regional players in the context of the increasing importance of the factor of regionalism.