bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MUSEUS DIGITAIS E ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Oliveira Marizete Pinheiro de , Alves Lynn Rosalina Gama
Published: September 2022

Os museus digitais de ciências e tecnologia são ambientes interativos, imersivos que mantêm artefatos de valor histórico, científico, cultural, patrimonial e educacional para a sociedade, salvaguardando memórias para as gerações presentes e futuras. São espaços de difusão do conhecimento e importante tecnologia que podem se configurar como cenário de (re)construção de conhecimentos nos espaços escolares. É nesse contexto que o presente estudo se insere. Visando compreender como esses museus vêm sendo explorados em práticas de ensino de ciências na educação básica, realizamos uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura buscando identificar os objetivos e os métodos das investigações, os museus digitais visitados, as abordagens de ensino e aprendizagem presentes nos estudos e as práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas no ambiente escolar. Nas bases de dados elegidas, inicialmente, foram recuperados 299 trabalhos publicados no período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2020. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão e leitura minuciosa dos trabalhos, apenas dois estudos se aproximam de uma resposta para questão de pesquisa, evidenciando a necessidade de mais estudos para compreendermos as razões que impedem o diálogo com estes ambientes interativos no ensino de ciências, uma vez que muitas pesquisas apontam as potencialidades desses espaços de mediação para esta finalidade. Este resultado também nos ajudará a delinear práticas pedagógicas nestes ambientes que contribuam para uma aprendizagem em ciências mais significativa.
USO DO STOP MOTION NA INVESTIGAÇÃO DE MODELOS MENTAIS DE ALUNOS DO ENSINO MÉDIO SOBRE CONCEITOS RELACIONADOS COM A ELETRÓLISE
Authors: Rodrigues Angélica Mattiolli , Gibin Gustavo
Published: September 2022

Nesta pesquisa foram analisados os modelos mentais expressos sobre sistemas eletroquímicos, especificamente relacionados à eletrólise aquosa do hidróxido de sódio. A metodologia consistiu na aplicação de um minicurso para alunos do Ensino Médio de uma escola estadual do Oeste Paulista, com a realização de experimentos e a produção de animações pela técnica de Stop Motion pelos alunos, através dos quais se analisaram os seus modelos mentais a respeito dos processos de transferência de elétrons que ocorrem nos eletrodos, além da liberação de diferentes gases como consequência das reações de descarga dos íons, e à cinemática de espécies subatômicas. A análise se baseou na teoria de modelos mentais de Johnson-Laird, em que os materiais coletados, imagéticos ou escritos, foram analisados conforme a presença de elementos (tokens) característicos dos modelos mentais expressos. Os resultados de um questionário prévio demonstraram que os alunos possuem noções superficiais sobre a eletroquímica em geral, pois apresentaram dificuldades sobre como ocorre a eletrólise, em localizar o cátodo e o ânodo e em entender como se procede o fluxo de elétrons nos sistemas por meio de reações de oxido-redução. A explicação dos conceitos envolvidos, a realização de experimentos e a posterior produção de animações em stop motion pelos alunos, permitiram localizar suas principais dificuldades em entender a eletrólise. Por meio das animações, foi possível localizar aspectos incoerentes e falhas nos modelos mentais, relativas às noções de perda e ganho de elétrons, estequiometria de reações e movimentação das espécies químicas. A partir de um conhecimento acerca dos modelos expressos dos alunos, foi possível trabalhar em pontos específicos na explicação da eletrólise e contribuir para a construção de modelos mais adequados pelos alunos sobre o conteúdo em seu nível submicroscópico. A utilização do aplicativo Stop Motion no desenvolvimento de animações, se mostrou interessante para o ensino de Química e Ciências, pois houve um estímulo à imaginação, criatividade, reflexão crítica e a um pensamento lógico relativo à dinâmica das espécies químicas.
DIDÁCTICA INTERCULTURAL PARA LAS CIENCIAS NATURALES
Authors: Villarroel Cárdenas Viviana Marcela Villarroel , Arias-Ortega Katerin Elizabeth , Quintriqueo Millan Segundo Enrique
Published: September 2022

El artículo problematiza la didáctica utilizada para la enseñanza de las Ciencias Naturales en contexto de diversidad social y cultural en contexto mapuche. La metodología utilizada es una revisión documental-descriptiva de la literatura científica, normativa y divulgación en el contexto del sistema escolar chileno a fin de sistematizar contenidos educativos indígenas que contribuyan y aporten a los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Los principales resultados evidencian que existe conocimiento educativo indígena susceptible de incorporar y sustentar una didáctica intercultural de las Ciencias Naturales, lo que permitiría el aprendizaje de todos los estudiantes indígenas y no indígenas. Concluimos en la urgencia de formación continua y capacitación para los docentes en ejercicio profesional y en formación inicial docente sobre los principios de la pedagogía y educación indígena. Lo anterior, como una estrategia que permita la articulación de saberes y conocimientos educativos indígenas y escolares, para ofrecer procesos de escolarización desde un enfoque educativo intercultural.
Conocimiento Didáctico del Contenido con maestros en formación sobre la Densidad: Validación de un Cuestionario
Authors: Melo Lina , Paixão Fátima , Marín Esther , Cubero Javier , Muñoz Aurora
Published: September 2022

El conocimiento didáctico del contenido (CDC) se ha convertido en una forma de entender la compleja relación entre los diferentes componentes y conocimiento necesarios para enseñar. Para la caracterización de este tipo de conocimiento se han diseñado múltiples instrumentos, la mayoría utilizados en investigaciones de carácter descriptivo y basados en metodologías cualitativas; sin embargo, ninguno se centra en la enseñanza de la densidad. Por ello, el presente estudio busca validar un cuestionario para documentar el CDC con maestros en formación sobre este contenido. Un total de 210 estudiantes de magisterio participaron en este estudio. Cinco componentes del CDC y nueve dimensiones conforman la versión final del cuestionario. Se obtuvo una confiabilidad aceptable (α = 0.738). La estructura del CDC sobre la densidad, resultado del análisis correlacional, muestra cómo el conocimiento sobre las estrategias de enseñanza es el eje articulador del CDC de los maestros en formación.
ENSINO DA QUÍMICA NA PEDAGOGIA HISTÓRICO-CRÍTICA: CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE CONTEÚDO E FORMA PARA PENSARMOS O TRABALHO PEDAGÓGICO CONCRETO
Authors: Messeder Neto Hélio da Silva
Published: September 2022

Estudos mais recentes da didática da pedagogia histórico-crítica têm mostrado que a comunidade do Ensino de Química tem se apropriado de modo mecanicista dessa pedagogia, restringindo-se a seguir de maneira linear ou alternada os chamados cinco momentos (prática social, problematização, instrumentalização, catarse e retorno a prática social). Entendendo essa problemática, e tentando avançar para além da crítica, esse texto traz considerações sobre as dimensões do conteúdo e da forma, dois pilares que são essenciais quando tratamos da práxis pedagógica histórico-crítica de um professor de química. A partir de um estudo teórico, defendemos que um educador químico que deseja avançar na materialização da pedagogia histórico-crítica precisa se preocupar em ensinar conteúdos que sejam reais, dinâmicos e concretos, de modo que não esteja restrito a ensinar abstrações internas da ciência. No campo da forma, defendemos que nenhum procedimento didático deve ser vetado a priori por um professor que quer trabalhar com essa pedagogia; a ressalva é que tais procedimentos só devem ser utilizados se estiverem à serviço de ensinarem os conceitos na sua forma científica, erudita. Por fim, concluímos com a esperança de que este texto contribua com o trabalho pedagógico do professor de química e do pesquisador da área de Ensino de Ciências, de modo que tais profissionais possam desenvolver suas atividades didáticas e de investigação da forma mais consciente e criativa, evitando mecanicismos e com vistas à formação de um sujeito que contribuirá para superação desse modo vigente de produção.
PRÁTICAS EPISTÊMICAS E ABORDAGEM QSC COM O FOCO NO ENSINO EXPLÍCITO DE ÉTICA E MORAL
Authors: Mendonça Paula Cristina Cardoso , Vargas Isabela Breder
Published: September 2022

Nesta pesquisa investigamos práticas epistêmicas que emergiram em uma abordagem de ensino com questões sociocientíficas (QSC) com foco no raciocínio ético e moral. Analisamos as interações de professores de Química em formação inicial durante o desenvolvimento de uma atividade sobre o “Consumo de carne animal”. Identificamos as práticas epistêmicas que emergiram nas discussões a partir de categorias criadas a priori e a posteriori. Para analisar o conteúdo das justificativas dos licenciandos nos baseamos nas relações entre contingente e necessário no domínio da ética e nas tendências de consideração moral das perspectivas ontológicas antropocentrismo e biocentrismo. Concluímos que a abordagem QSC e a oportunidade para desenvolvimento de práticas epistêmicas contribuíram para uma ampliação do pensamento dos licenciandos sobre as ações humanas para além do relativismo cultural, e a compreensão e diferenciação das tendências de consideração moral. Este artigo apresenta o entrelaçamento entre práticas epistêmicas e QSC de uma forma empírica em uma proposta de ensino explícito de ética, trazendo avanços para a área de Ensino de Ciências.
INCIDENCIA DEL USO DE HABILIDADES DE PENSAMIENTO METACOGNITIVO EN LA SOLUCIÓN DE PROBLEMAS: CASO ESTUDIANTES DE FÍSICA MECÁNICA PARA INGENIERÍA EN BOGOTÁ, COLOMBIA
Authors: Laiton Poveda Ignacio
Published: September 2022

El desarrollo de habilidades de pensamiento metacognitivo en los estudiantes es un elemento fundamental para su desempeño académico, basado en investigaciones de las últimas décadas. El objetivo investigativo fue identificar el uso de estudiantes de los primeros semestres de educación superior en una institución de educación superior en Bogotá, Colombia, por sus habilidades de regulación del pensamiento metacognitivo, durante la resolución de problemas en física mecánica, y la posible incidencia directa o indirecta en este proceso de solución, sin haber sido previamente instruido o inmerso en metodologías explícitas de enseñanza de tales habilidades, mediante la aplicación de un conjunto modificado de situaciones problema, como instrumento de recolección de datos. También se diseña un sistema de codificación con el objetivo de traducir los datos y realizar análisis cuantitativos. Los resultados indican que un alto porcentaje de estudiantes participantes no logró hacer un uso efectivo de este tipo de habilidades de pensamiento metacognitivo. Sin embargo, la incidencia directa de su uso en la adecuada solución de problemas surge de manera significativa.
LINHA DA (A)NORMALIDADE: DEFICIÊNCIA VISUAL E A QUÍMICA
Authors: Paula Tatiane Estácio , Loguercio Rochele de Quadros
Published: September 2022

Investigam-se, neste artigo, os discursos que posicionam os sujeitos com deficiência visual no campo da Química, partindo de uma entrevista com uma professora de química, com cegueira congênita, com intuito de tornar visível suas experiências e, juntamente aos seus discursos, analisar as práticas de inclusão. As problematizações tecidas com base no referencial de Michel Foucault descrevem técnicas de disciplina e segurança, que procuram normalizar os sujeitos e, com isso, manter a ordem da população. Realizou-se a análise com base na Análise de Discurso, assentada na perspectiva foucaultiana, que compreende o discurso além de signos, ou seja, como formador dos objetos de que se falam. Desse modo, por meio da análise do discurso da Professora entrevistada, identificou-se sua posição de poder no jogo da (a)normalidade que traçam os contornos dos espaços escolares. Tais discursos nos levam a posicionar sujeitos em lugares de conformidade e inconformidade, diante a presença de uma estudante cega em um curso de Química, guiado pela normalidade da visão.
Large Colonic Lipoma, Presentation and Treatment: Case Reports and Literature Review
Authors: Ahmed Salwa Sid , Ali Syed Muhammad , Shahid Fakhar , Abunada Mohamed Hosni , Parvaiz Amjad
Published: September 2022

Colonic lipomas are uncommon tumors that may remain asymptomatic and seen incidentally on endoscopy, surgery, or autopsy. They can cause constipation, bleeding that may lead to anemia, and acute abdominal pain due to intussusception if larger than five centimeters, particularly when pedunculated. Colonoscopy can reveal a protruding luminal mass, whereas a Computed Tomography (CT) can precisely localize, indicate the nature, and characterize the composition. Removal by endoscopy in smaller and surgical resection remains the treatment of choice for larger lesions by open laparotomy or laparoscopy. We describe a case series of three patients who underwent laparoscopic resection of the colon for symptomatic large lipomas in our hospital.
Bilateral Shoulder Anterior Dislocation with Proximal Humerus Fracture After Seizure Attack Post Covid-19 Vaccine
Authors: Alrowithi Abdullah , Marzogi Abdullah Abdulrahman , Alsharif Salman Salem
Published: September 2022

Background: Bilateral anterior shoulder dislocation which occurred after seizure is considered rare. This case is considered unique as it was cause by seizure occurred after COVID-19 vaccination and association with fracture of the humerus. Case report: The study included 38- years old- male who is resident of Makkah city in Saudi Arabia. He is known case of schizophrenia since 2002 on clozapine 2 mg tab TID. He received Covid-19 vaccine at 11 a.m. then he got seizure attack at 8 p.m. in his home. He has bilateral shoulder severe tenderness and restricted range of motion. After that; Bilateral shoulder x-ray showing Right shoulder 3-part fracture with anterior dislocation and left shoulder greater tuberosity fracture with anterior dislocation. On 10/3/2022, he underwent open reeducation and internal fixation for the bilateral shoulder. Conclusion: Bilateral anterior dislocation of the shoulder resulting from seizure is considered rare however, it is more common than perceived. It should be considered a true orthopedic emergency condition that requires promotion of the diagnosis and management.
Учение о любви-агапэ в трудах Ю.Мольтманна
Authors: Рубцова Мария , Павенков Олег
Published: September 2022

В статье рассматриваются проблемы учения о любви-агапэ Ю.Мольтманна как идейно-теоретических источников развития представлений агапэлогии. Любовь-агапэ, как верно отмечает Мольтманн, носит характер кенозиса, т. е. самоотверженного страдания. В данной статье мы рассмотрели вклад Б.Мольтманна к развитие агапэлогии как незавимой сферы теоретического и практического знания и поведения.
Extensión universitaria, formación de docentes y profesión académica
Authors: Lapadula Florentina , Aguirre Jonathan
Published: September 2022

Desde un estudio mixto de indagación social, y a partir del relevamiento de encuestas semiestructuradas a más de 200 académicos/as de la Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina, se analizan diversos aspectos que constituyen las actividades de extensión y los vínculos que estas despliegan con las funciones de docencia e investigación. Dicha caracterización preliminar busca contribuir al estudio de la profesión académica local y configurar una base exploratoria desde la cual profundizar las indagaciones sobre la dimensión extensionista de la profesión universitaria argentina.
Architectural studies in the European Higher Education Area: Criteria for student degree mobility
Authors: Konstantinidou Dimitra
Published: September 2022

The European Higher Education Area was implemented as a result of the Bologna Process and set the mobility of students and staff as its main goal, suggesting tools to facilitate it. The European Union has supported the suggested measures, as mobility can be a way to support a common European identity and a strategic way to improve the quality of higher education institutes. Architectural studies, due to their special character as both an art and a science discipline, are chosen as the education area most suited for mapping degree mobility and highlighting the characteristics that differentiate each school in terms of attraction to international students. How do architectural students select the school to continue their studies? On what criteria is that based? There were more than 351 schools of architecture in the European Higher Education Area with 49 participating countries at the time the research was conducted. Do international students choose them at the same degree? What makes a difference between them, causing some of them to become famous schools of excellence while others are barely visible in the international competition? To answer the above questions, a research based on two questionnaires was conducted during the academic year 2018-2019. The aim of both questionnaires was to map the state of the art in architectural studies and determine the criteria students value the most to make their choices at master studies. The process of combining the data collected from both questionnaires showed that the study programmes and the city or country of the school are the main reasons for master’s students to choose a specific school and for schools to stand out. This is followed by the criteria: offered studies’ quality, institution’s reputation, teaching language, the host city’s economy, giving students the possibility to work during and/or after studies, the offer of third cycle. The paper concludes suggesting changes schools could implement if they wish to get a better position in the competitive market of attracting international students.
Ethyl Butanoate, Constituent of Cassava Wastewater Volatiloma, a Potential Soil Fumigant Against Meloidogyne javanica
Authors: Souza Simone Ribeiro de , Campos Vicente Paulo , Paula Letícia Lopes de , Pedroso Marcio Pozzobon , Terra Willian César
Published: September 2022

As a result of more restrictive legislation regarding the use of pesticides, over the last two decades, the demand for new soil fumigants has increased. These compounds can come from a variety of sources, including organic residues. In this study, we identified in the cassava wastewater volatiloma a molecule with potential to be developed as a new fumigant nematicide. Cassava wastewater (20 mL) releases volatile compounds toxic to Meloidogyne javanica second-stage juveniles (J2), causing J2 mortality up to 89%. Through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, eight compounds were identified in the cassava wastewater volatiloma, with alcohols being the major class. The compounds ethyl butanoate and butyric acid identified in cassava wastewater volatiloma were selected for in vitro nematicidal activities and substrate fumigation tests. The lethal concentration predicted LC50–48 hr values (effective doses to kill 50% of M. javanica J2 population after 48 h of exposure) were 172.6 μg ∙ mL
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1 and 301.2 μg ∙ mL
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1 for butyric acid and ethyl butanoate, respectively. In a pot assay, the application of butyric acid and ethyl butanoate as a soil fumigant, at a dose of 0.5 mL ∙ kg
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1 substrate, significantly (P < 0.05) decreased M. javanica infectivity and reproduction compared to the negative control (water). However, ethyl butanoate proved to be a more efficient soil fumigant (P < 0.05) than butyric acid, as its application reduced the number of galls and eggs to the level of the commercial fumigant Dazomet. This study is the first to demonstrate the potential of ethyl butanoate as a soil fumigant against M. javanica.
ESPAÇO TERRITORIAL COMO AMBIENTE DE INOVAÇÃO: DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM DISTRITO CRIATIVO NO CENTRO HISTÓRICO DE SÃO JOSÉ
Authors: De Souza Corrêa Juliana , Gomes Rossana Alves de Oliveira Simão , Teixeira Clarissa Stefani , Biz Alexandre Augusto
Published: September 2022

Há tempos a inovação tem sido vista como fonte propulsora da economia e desenvolvimento. Entretanto, muito se tem discutido sobre como efetivamente tornar a inovação em diferencial competitivo. A literatura tem apresentado como solução viável a construção de ambientes de inovação, posto que estes são propícios à interação entre os mais diversos atores locais de inovação com intuito de compartilhamento de conhecimentos e informação. Ademais, os habitats de inovação também podem ser vistos como ambientes capazes de proporcionar abertura de mercado, network e apoio aos inovadores e empreendedores locais. Dentre as diversas tipologias, encontram-se os distritos criativos, que são vistos como estruturas em rede com o objetivo de promover o desenvolvimento da economia criativa através da aproximação espacial de empreendedores de setores criativos. Nesse sentido, a presente pesquisa visa a relatar o estudo de caso realizado para proposição de criação do distrito criativo no Centro Histórico de São José/SC. Para tanto, utilizou-se da Metodologia Ciclo Via, licenciada pelo grupo de pesquisa VIA/UFSC. Como resultadom, verificou-se que o território se enquadra nas características necessárias para esta transformação, posto que já apresenta alguns setores da economia criativa e tem um território delimitado, onde é possível encontrar no mesmo espaço locais de trabalho, moradia, patrimônio histórico, educação, espaços verdes e de lazer. Entretanto, há necessidade de sensibilização dos atores locais, fortalecimento dos projetos já existentes no território e proposição de ações criativas que envolvam a comunidade interna e externa para que haja maior visibilidade do Centro Histórico.
AGLOMERADOS URBANOS E AS REDES CULTURAIS – AS NOVAS FORMAS DE ORGANIZAÇÃO DO TRABALHO NA ECONOMIA CRIATIVA
Authors: Cunha Karina Poli Lima da
Published: September 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a relação entre as aglomerações urbanas, denominadas Centros Criativos, e a produção cultural e criativa organizada em redes. O artigo parte das transformações político-econômicas ocorridas a partir de 1980 e seus impactos nas políticas públicas para compreender como os polos criativos fortalecem as novas dinâmicas de organização do trabalho no Campo da Produção Cultural e Criativa.
Territorial Application of China's Criminal Law
Authors: Хуан Юсин
Published: September 2022

The article is devoted to the problems of territorial operation of the criminal law in China. The factors that actualize interest in the issues highlighted in the article are disclosed. The presented paper gives a general description of the principle of "the territorial operation of criminal law", and also examines its individual provisions on the example of China. The principle of "the operation of criminal law in space" exists in Chinese and Russian criminal legislation. We are talking about its application in a certain territory and in relation to persons who have committed a crime. When countries were sufficiently isolated from the other world, the criminal law mainly regulated the solution of criminal problems of citizens within the clear boundaries of the territory within the country.  However, with the opening of borders and the increase in international exchanges, which are becoming closer and closer, citizens of both countries sometimes commit crimes, and more and more conflicts arise – according to the law of which state they should be prosecuted. Consequently, there is a need to consider the problems of determining which criminal law was in effect in relation to a foreign citizen or a stateless person who committed a crime related to the movement in space (people, goods) from one country to another. Consideration of these issues seems relevant in a changing world. In conclusion, it is noted that the operation of the criminal law in space, taking the territory as a criterion, applies to all crimes committed on the territory of the country.
The symbolism of natural images in the lyrics of Z. Dudina
Authors: Lyubimov Nikolay Ivanovich
Published: September 2022

In the article, as part of the study of the poetics of modern Mari philosophical poetry, the symbolism of natural images in the lyrics of Zoya Dudina is considered. Based on the material of the poems included in her collection "Kuanyshym, kuem ӧndal ..." (Rejoiced, hugging a birch ...) (2012), the symbolic meaning and artistic functions of natural images that represent the philosophical attitude and worldview of the author and characterize the lyrical heroine in a certain way are revealed. In this aspect, Zoya Dudina's lyrics are explored for the first time. The methodological basis of the research is the structural and semantic analysis of poetic works, which allows to identify and describe the structural and semantic levels of natural images that reveal the author's concept of the world and man, as well as the character features of the lyrical heroine. The article proves that natural images occupy a significant place in the lyrics of the Mari poet Zoya Dudina. They express not only the various inner states of the lyrical heroine, but also various aspects of human existence. Natural images are anthropomorphic (often the lyrical heroine herself appears in the form of natural images) and symbolic, they carry a deep philosophical meaning. The natural images-symbols express not only the individual author's perception of the world and man, but also the ethnic ideological traditions of the Mari people, with which Zoya Dudina is closely connected, are revitalized through them.
On the role of function words in the transmission of implicit information (based on the material of German commercial advertising)
Authors: Papchenko Maria
Published: September 2022

The object of the study is the techniques of entering implicit information into the advertising text, the most common in German commercial advertising. The transfer of implicit information is considered as one of the most effective means of influencing the consumer and managing his purchasing behavior. Following foreign and domestic researchers, implicit information is understood in the line of linguistic pragmatics as an additional content of the statement, resulting from the creative interpretation of data expressed explicitly. Special attention is paid to such non-content parts of speech as prepositions and conjunctions, as well as their functions to generate additional meanings necessary for the addresser, by passing the addressee's critical thinking.   The novelty of the research lies in the appeal to the functional words and the consideration of their pragmatic influencing potential, undertaken for the first time. The analysis of the use of some prepositions and conjunctions in specific contexts shows that their use generates a significant number of additional meanings of the advertising statement. At the same time, the meanings embedded in an advertising message with the help of functional words, as a rule, represent conceptual or emotional arguments of an evaluative nature in favor of acquiring an advertising object. Since such arguments mostly have no convincing grounds, the authors of advertising texts need to send information so that it is not subjected to analytical comprehension by the reader. It is for this purpose that techniques for entering implicit information serve, including as a result of the use of functional parts of speech.
A field method of studying the tropes in compliments to female representatives in the speech of Chinese youth
Authors: Tang Yue , Du Zihan
Published: September 2022

This paper is devoted to the lexical-semantic characteristics of lexical units of feminine compliments with the use of tropes in modern Chinese speech of young people youth. “Trope” is understood as a word or a phrase that is used in a way that is different from its usual meaning. This paper uses the semantic field method, divided feminine compliments in Chinese youth speech into 6 lexical-semantic groups. Particular attention is paid to the original objects of tropes in LSG in order to analyze the model of tropes (in particular, metaphor and metonymy). In addition, the paper compared similar lexical units with the use of tropes in Chinese and Russian youth speech. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that this paper built up a semantic field of positive characteristics of the female gender in Chinese youth speech, made an attempt to identify lexical-semantic characteristics of tropes in youth speech. As a result of the study, the following conclusions are made: 1) Tropes are important methods of developing the meaning of words / phrases, which are observed with high frequency in youngs speech. 2) The formation of tropes is closely connected with segments of reality around youth, which reflect the peculiar worldview of youth, subcultures and pop-cultures they are interested in, as well as the development of society as a whole.
Formation of Conversational Skills among Linguists-translators when teaching Chinese as a foreign Language
Authors: Tsao Panpan
Published: September 2022

The subject of the study is the peculiarities of the development of interpretation skills. The object of the study is the formation of oral conversational skills among linguists-translators when teaching Chinese as a foreign language. The study used methods of deduction and induction, comparative, contextual analysis. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as the formation of translation erudition, characteristics and methods of teaching interpretation, identification of effective exercises for translators. It is noted that a professional translator specializing in consecutive translation should be fluent in Chinese and Russian, have high stress resistance. Special attention is paid to the development of short-term memory, working out of oral speech. The main conclusions of the study are the need to pay attention to group and individual speech, practice with native Chinese speakers and use authentic materials to replenish vocabulary, apply an integrated approach for the most effective development of hieroglyphs, form a system of extralinguistic knowledge, exercises that allow you to deeply explore the culture and traditions of the Chinese people. The novelty of the research lies in the study of approaches to the formation of oral conversational skills among linguists-translators, the development of methodological recommendations. The importance of articulation gymnastics, which should precede practical exercises, is substantiated. A special contribution to the study is the identification of the functional principle, the classification of authentic training materials.
On the main metarule of the Sanskrit grammar of Pāṇini
Authors: Ulanskii Evgenii Aleksandrovich
Published: September 2022

The subject of this study is the most famous and most frequently used metarule of the Sanskrit grammar "Aṣṭādhyāyī" compiled by the ancient Indian linguist Pāṇini. This metarule is called "bahiraṅgaparibhāṣā" and serves to determine the correct sequence of grammatical operations prescribed in the "Aṣṭādhyāyī". The material of the study are various interpretation of the bahiraṅgaparibhāṣā in Sanskrit commentaries on the "Aṣṭādhyāyī", as well as in the collections of metarules compiled by Sanskrit grammarians. The purpose of the work is to acquaint the Russian-speaking reader with the most important interpretative tool of the grammar of Panini — bahiraṅgaparibhāṣā, as well as with the history of the interpretation of this metarule in Sanskrit grammatical literature. The research method is a comparative analysis of Sanskrit primary sources containing interpretations of the bahiraṅgaparibhāṣā. For the first time in the Russian-language literature, a detailed analysis of the bahiraṅgaparibhāṣā has been made. The history of the origin of this metarule and its interpretation by Sanskrit grammarians has been studied. The signs of acquaintance of Panini with bahiraṅgaparibhāṣā are investigated. It is shown that, despite the widespread use of this metarule, the mechanism of its application was not explicitly described until the XVIII century AD, when this problem was completely solved by the grammarian Nāgojībhaṭṭa in his work "Paribhāṣenduśekhara". It is established that one of the main achievements of Nāgojībhaṭṭa was the strict definition of the concepts of antaraṅga and bahiraṅga — the most important elements of the statement of bahiraṅgaparibhāṣā.
Guillaume Troubadour and the Englins (towards the construction of the "Welsh" hypothesis of the origin of European rhyming stanzas)
Authors: Semenov Vadim Borisovich
Published: September 2022

The subject of the study is the real and probable connections of Aquitanian (and in particular Poitevin) poetry of the High Middle Ages with the traditions of early Medieval Celtic (and in particular Welsh) literature. A narrower topic of research was the influence of Welsh poems in the form of Englyns on the early samples of Guillaume IX's poetry, primarily in the early forms of englyn milwr and englyn penfyr. An additional subject of research was the metric features of these early forms of Englyns. At the same time, a broader topic of research was the topic of the possible origin of exact rhymes in continental poetry of all subsequent historical periods from an ancient Welsh poetic source. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that, firstly, within its framework, for the first time in European literary studies, specific features of the metrics of early Welsh Englyns were considered, and secondly, for the first time in poetry, a hypothesis was presented about a possible Welsh source of the origin of the exact rhymes of the poetry of the troubadours and their followers, and this hypothesis was confirmed by separate historical and literary facts, as well as general directions of work with her were indicated. Important conclusions of the author are: 1) the hypothesis about the Welsh origin of European rhymes was considered against the background of the "Arabic" and "Latin" hypotheses and found no less consistent, 2) the considered early samples of Welsh Englyns demonstrated a much greater looseness of the meter than the researchers who wrote about them imagined, exact metric formulas for each of the two mentioned early forms were established, and with the help of these formulas, the non-syllabic character of the early Englins was proved.
With sincere concern for the Fatherland: M. O. Menshikov's journalism on the development of aeronautics
Authors: Krizhanovsky Nikolay Igorevich
Published: September 2022

The subject of the study is the texts of the Russian publicist Mikhail Osipovich Menshikov on the development of domestic aeronautics, considered in the light of heterogeneous assessments of his work. The object is a reflection on the development of domestic aeronautics in the work of the famous Russian journalist of the early twentieth century M. O. Menshikov. The author considered various assessments of the work of the publicist. The most important part of the research is the analysis of M. O. Menshikov's journalistic texts on the development of aeronautics. Considerable attention is paid to the works of the publicist of the period of the Russian-Japanese war and the last years before the First World War, where the bureaucratic activities of officials are critically evaluated. The problems of timely supply of the army, flight safety on the first airplanes, and the technical lag of the Russian Empire from the West were also touched upon. The main conclusions of the work carried out are the assertion of the immutability of Menshikov's patriotic, state-oriented position regarding the development of domestic aeronautics and its ability to technical forecasting. In addition, specific "weak points" in the creative heritage of the publicist were identified: passion for an idea and lack of systematic university education. A special contribution of the author to the study of the topic is a comprehensive analysis of M. O. Menshikov's journalistic texts in the historical aspect. The novelty of the research lies in the identification of a combination of patriotic pathos and high idealism and the above shortcomings in the works of the publicist on aeronautics. The analysis of the texts of the chosen topic (the development of domestic aeronautics), covering the period from 1894 to 1918, showed that Menshikov's accusations of renegade and empty talk are untenable.
The main types of usage of a multifunctional word "literally" in modern Russian
Authors: Xu Xiujuan , Tokarchuk Irina Nikolaevna
Published: September 2022

The object of this study is a polyfunctional word "literally". The subject of the study is the semantic and syntactic features of this lexeme, which determine its multifunctional character. The relevance of the research is due to its inclusion in the problems of studying the phenomenon of polyfunctionality in modern Russian. The purpose of the work is to establish the main types of use of the word literally, their morphological, syntactic, semantic qualification. From the point of view of pragmatics, the authors describe in detail the multifunctional lexeme literally, taking into account three grammatical implementations. The article comprehensively examines the syntagmatic characteristics of this unit using examples selected from the National Corpus of the Russian language. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that it presents for the first time all grammatical implementations of the word literally and their semantic and syntactic variants. It is established that the lexeme literally in modern Russian has three grammatical implementations: a short adjective of the neuter gender, an adverb and a particle, which differ based on syntactic properties and functions, but have an invariant semantic component ‘exact correspondence to words / the meaning of words’. It is proved that the main types of use of this word are an adverb and a particle connected by an intraverbial antonymy. The specificity of the types of adverb usage is determined up to the expansion of its syntagmatic and semantic possibilities. The revealed differences between the two types of particle use are syntagmatic and pragmatic. The results of the study can be used both in the study of other multifunctional units and in lexicographic practice.
On the Question of studying the modern Syrian Media System
Authors: Malakhovskii Aleksei Kimovich , Durgam Nabkhan
Published: September 2022

The relevance of the study is determined by the need to study the modern Syrian media system in the conditions of a long-term armed conflict in Syria. The object of the research is the scientific literature devoted to media studies. The subject of the study is the interpretation of the concept of "media system" contained in the works of Russian, Western and Arab authors in the context of modern Syrian media. The purpose of the study is to define the concept of "media system" applicable to the study of modern Syrian media. To achieve the purpose of the study, the authors, having set a number of criteria, conduct a comparative analysis of the definitions of the concept of "media system" contained in the works of the Russian scientific school, researchers of the Western school (including the works of Arab authors integrated into this direction), Syrian official and scientific sources. The scientific novelty of the study is an attempt to generalize the definition of "media system" in the works of representatives of various scientific schools, as well as to develop their own definition of the media system of Syria, applicable to the current state of the country's media during a protracted armed conflict. As a result of the comparative analysis of the definitions of the media system, the authors conclude that the media system of modern Syria is a set of mass media in the territory controlled by the legitimately elected government of the country, functioning in conditions of temporary fragmentation of the country's territory in order to restore information sovereignty. This definition is debatable, but, according to the authors of the article, it is applicable to the Syrian media in conditions of armed conflict.
Euphemisms of the death thematic group in Chinese and their translation into Russian
Authors: Li Man'
Published: September 2022

The article is devoted to the consideration of the euphemisms of the thematic group death in the Chinese language, expressing the unique cultural ideas and cultural psychology of the Han people. The aim of the work was to identify the conditions under which semantic accuracy is preserved during the translation of euphemisms of the death thematic group from Chinese into Russian. The object of the study is the euphemisms of the thematic group death in Chinese and their translation into Russian. The subject of the study is the specifics of the functioning of the euphemisms of the thematic group death in the Chinese language, which (euphemisms) convey value orientations, religious interpretations and folk customs of the Chinese (Han) people. In the course of the study, methods of analysis of research literature, linguistic and cultural analysis of linguistic units, structural analysis, comparison and classification of Chinese euphemisms of the death thematic group were used.   The main conclusions of the study are: euphemisms are an integral part of the language of the Chinese (Han) people, expressed as a means of harmonizing interpersonal relations; the abundance of metaphorical language in the Chinese euphemisms of the thematic group of death indicates a cognitive mechanism by which people use concrete thinking to describe the abstract concept of death. The author's special contribution to the research of the topic is to identify the specifics of the functioning of the euphemisms of the thematic group death in the Chinese language, demonstrating not only the depth of the language of the Chinese (Han) people, but also the culture of the nation as a whole, its formation, attitude to the world. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the conditions were identified under which semantic accuracy is preserved during the translation of euphemisms of the death thematic group from Chinese into Russian, in the context of value orientations, religious interpretations, etc.
The motive of astonishment in the work of G. K. Chesterton
Authors: Porinets Yurii Yur'evich
Published: September 2022

The article examines in detail the significance of the astonishment in the work of G. K. Chesterton. In literary studies, this aspect of his work has never been considered in detail. The research material was essays, short stories, literary biographies, novels and treatises of the English writer. The interrelation of astonishment with the motives of miracle, joy, love, paradise is shown. In connection with the motive of astonishment, the author touches on the paradox technique, which is significant for the author. The polemic of Chesterton with modern literature, in particular, with the literature of realism, is investigated. The motive of astonishment is revealed in detail in the article on the example of the novels "The Return of Don Quixote" and "The Man is Alive". In the work of G. K. Chesterton, the motif of astonishment is one of the central ones. It is inextricably linked with the motive of the miracle. The world for the writer is a miracle, acutely experienced in comparison with non-existence. Surprise at the world is an integral part of Chesterton's worldview, which he himself called "the fairy godmother's philosophy." For Chesterton, not only extraordinary things are amazing, but also ordinary things. His characters, discovering the familiar world anew, share their perception with others. The newly found world is often revealed through love, which is inextricably linked in Chesterton's work with the motive of astonishment.
The Role of Cinema in the Development of the Creative Thought of the Japanese Writer Tanizaki Junichiro
Authors: Selimov Mazay
Published: September 2022

The subject of the study is the work of the largest Japanese writer of the XX century. Tanizaki Junichiro (谷崎潤一郎, 1886-1965), in particular, the essay "The present and the future of cinema" (活動写真の現在と将来, Katsudo:syasin no genzai to se: Paradise, 1917). This work can be described as a milestone, because it marks the beginning of the evolution of Tanizaki Junichiro's creative thought – passion for modernism, progress, cinema. After the publication of the essay "The Present and the Future of cinema", there is an increased interest in the writer's visual techniques characteristic of screenplays; in the early 1920s, a series of works appeared ("Blue Flower" (青い花, Aoi Hana, 1921), "Ave Maria" (アヴェ・マリア, Ave Maria, 1922), "Residents of the port city" (港の人々, Minato no hitobito, 1926), "The Love of a fool" (痴人の愛, Chijin-no ai, 1924), etc.), filled with cinematic scenes, references to Hollywood actresses and Western films. The object of the study is female images in the writer's work, which were created with an eye to Hollywood actresses. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the landmark essay "Present and Future cinema" was not translated into Russian and was not subjected to scientific analysis in Russian literary studies, respectively, the work of Tanizaki Junichiro was considered without taking into account the influence of cinema on him. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that the writer became not only one of the creators of the new female image "modan ga: ru" (from the English modern girl) – modern women copying the appearance and habits of Hollywood actresses – in Japanese culture, but also created a female face that penetrated the fabric of Japanese culture, influencing its reality.
Genre of Self-Presentation: Practical Results and Typical Mistakes of Students
Authors: Romanova Natalya Gennad'evna
Published: September 2022

The article is a study of the texts of self-presentation on the example of a video essay by students. The subject of consideration is linguistic means and techniques, compositional and stylistic features of mediated self–presentations, the implementation of pragmatic attitudes of speakers in them. The relevance of the work is due to the need to form and evaluate effective methods of teaching the genre of self-presentation as an important component of students' communicative competence in the field of business communication. In the course of the research, general scientific methods of observation, comparison, description, comparative analysis of linguistic material and the linguistic method of interpretive analysis were used. The methodological basis of the work was made up of current scientific publications in the context of the linguistic approach to the phenomenon of self-presentation, including articles on the methodology of teaching the creation of this type of texts. The material for the analysis and evaluation of lexico-stylistic, organizational and pragmatic characteristics of self-presentations were videos prepared by first-year students as part of a special assignment for the course of lectures "Business Communications". To solve the problems of the study, the parameters of the examination of speech works were determined: the presence of an object of self-presentation, the clarity of the target setting, tactical and strategic planning, intra-textual language regulatory means, the presence and relevance of speech creativity, etc. Special attention is paid to the verbal method of positioning. According to the results of the study, the most frequent shortcomings and speech errors, as well as typical problems and difficulties of students in the process of text generation are grouped and described. The degree of success of the implementation of the communicative plan was significantly influenced by the factor of students having professional communication experience. The pragmatic intentions of first-year students presuppose the presentation of qualities corresponding to the stereotypical images of professionals and conscientious employees formed in society. A positive image is created by students by orienting the formulations of the text being created and the factual and axiological series presented in them to the standard requirements of the business environment. At the end of the article, the author's version of a comprehensive methodological solution to the problem of the formation of self-presentation skills among students is proposed.