bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AGAP1-associated endolysosomal trafficking abnormalities link gene–environment interactions in neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Lewis Sara A. , Bakhtiari Somayeh , Forstrom Jacob , Bayat Allan , Bilan Frédéric , Le Guyader Gwenaël , Alkhunaizi Ebba , Vernon Hilary , Padilla-Lopez Sergio R. , Kruer Michael C.
Published: July 2023

AGAP1 is an Arf1 GTPase-activating protein that regulates endolysosomal trafficking. Damaging variants have been linked to cerebral palsy and autism. We report three new cases in which individuals had microdeletion variants in AGAP1. The affected individuals had intellectual disability (3/3), autism (3/3), dystonia with axial hypotonia (1/3), abnormalities of brain maturation (1/3), growth impairment (2/3) and facial dysmorphism (2/3). We investigated mechanisms potentially underlying AGAP1 variant-mediated neurodevelopmental impairments using the Drosophila ortholog CenG1a. We discovered reduced axon terminal size, increased neuronal endosome abundance and elevated autophagy compared to those in controls. Given potential incomplete penetrance, we assessed gene–environment interactions. We found basal elevation in the phosphorylation of the integrated stress-response protein eIF2α (or eIF2A) and inability to further increase eIF2α phosphorylation with subsequent cytotoxic stressors. CenG1a-mutant flies had increased lethality from exposure to environmental insults. We propose a model wherein disruption of AGAP1 function impairs endolysosomal trafficking, chronically activating the integrated stress response and leaving AGAP1-deficient cells susceptible to a variety of second-hit cytotoxic stressors. This model may have broader applicability beyond AGAP1 in instances where both genetic and environmental insults co-occur in individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders.
Political representation of medical doctors in Switzerland’s executive and legislative branches in 2023
Authors: Smith Alexander , Buadze Anna , Stute Petra , Liebrenz Michael
Published: July 2023

Background: Healthcare policy is an important societal concern in Switzerland, often dominating the national agenda. In other countries, studies have explored the influence of physicians in public office on healthcare policies, but little is known about the representation of medical doctors in Switzerland's political structures, despite ongoing health-related debates.  

Methods: In January 2023, we examined the proportion of registered doctors currently serving in Swiss governmental branches: the executive (the Federal Council) and the legislative (the Council of States and the National Council, together the United Federal Assembly). We used publicly available information to demarcate Federal, State, and National Councillors with professional medical backgrounds. We subsequently verified physician registrations using the Federal Office of Public Health’s “Register of Medical Professionals” (MedReg)

Results: Six physicians registered in MedReg were identified across the Federal Council and the United Federal Assembly in 2023, equivalent to 2.37% of the total number of Councillors in these chambers. This corresponds to 14.20% of members in the Federal Council (the executive chamber) and 2.03% of members in the United Federal Assembly (the legislative chamber).

Conclusions: Rates of physicians sitting in Switzerland’s Federal Council and United Federal Assembly are higher than general population trends for doctors per person. Nonetheless, physicians in Swiss legislative positions are proportionally lower than comparative data from the United States. We highlight how existing professional frameworks may already ensure medical doctors are sufficiently participating in Swiss healthcare debates outside of formal roles. We also suggest that more international evidence is needed to determine the benefits of physicians serving in public office.
The post-award effort of managing and reporting on funded research: a scoping review
Authors: Crane Ksenia , Blatch-Jones Amanda , Fackrell Kathryn
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Reporting is a mechanism for funding organisations to monitor and manage the progress, outputs, outcomes, and impacts of the research they fund. Inconsistent approaches to reporting and post-award management, and a growing demand for research information, can lead to perception of unnecessary administrative effort that impacts on decision-making and research activity. Identifying this effort, and what stakeholders see as unmet need for improvement, is crucial if funders and Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are to streamline their practices and provide better support with reporting activities. In this review, we summarise the processes in post-award management, compare current practices, and explore the purpose of collecting information on funded research. We also identify areas where unnecessary effort is perceived and improvement is needed, using previously reported solutions to inform recommendations for funders and HEIs. 

Methods: We conducted a scoping review of the relevant research and grey literature. Electronic searches of databases, and manual searches of journals and funder websites, resulted in inclusion of 52 records and 11 websites. Information on HEI and funder post-award management processes was extracted, catalogued, and summarised to inform discussion. 

Results: Post-award management is a complex process that serves many purposes but requires considerable effort, particularly in the set up and reporting of research. Perceptions of unnecessary effort stem from inefficiencies in compliance, data management and reporting approaches, and there is evidence of needed improvement in mechanisms of administrative support, research impact assessment, monitoring, and evaluation. Solutions should focus on integrating digital systems to reduce duplication, streamlining reporting methods, and improving administrative resources in HEIs. 

Conclusions: Funders and HEIs should work together to support a more efficient post-award management process. The value of research information, and how it is collected and used, can be improved by aligning practices and addressing the specific issues highlighted in this review.
Evaluation of the effect of reduced-dose pneumococcal conjugate vaccine schedules on vaccine serotype carriage in children and their caretakers in a naïve population in Vietnam: Protocol for a cluster randomized non-inferiority trial
Authors: Yoshida Lay-Myint , Flasche Stefan , Mulholland Kim , Nguyen Hien-Anh , Nguyen Cattram , Toizumi Michiko , Dang Duc-Anh
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The WHO currently recommends giving pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) as three doses – either three doses in infancy with Pentavalent vaccine (3p+0), or two doses in infancy followed by a booster around 12 months (2p+1). However, their high price is a barrier to introduction and sustainability in low and middle-income countries. We hypothesize that a schedule with a single priming and a booster dose (1p+1) may maintain similar levels of protection for the community by sustaining herd immunity, once circulation of vaccine types has been controlled.

Methods and analysis: We will conduct a cluster randomized trial with four intervention arms (1p+1, 0p+1, 2p+1, 3p+0) and three unvaccinated clusters in the 27 communes of Nha Trang, central Vietnam. A PCV catch-up vaccination campaign to all children under three years of age will be performed at the start of the trial. The primary endpoint is non-inferiority of the1p+1 schedule if compared to the WHO standard 2p+1 and 3p+0 schedules in reducing vaccine serotype carriage prevalence in infants. We will also explore impact of 0p+1 schedule. A baseline and annual pneumococcal carriage surveys of 6480 participants per survey covering infants, toddlers and their mothers will be conducted.

Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approvals were obtained from the ethical review committees of Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University (151203149-2) and the Ministry of Health, Vietnam (1915/QD-BYT). The results, interpretation and conclusions will be presented at national and international conferences, and published in peer-reviewed open access journals.

Trial registration number: NCT02961231
The genome sequence of the Vapourer moth, Orgyia antiqua (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Weir Jamie C. ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium, Boyes Douglas
Published: July 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Orgyia antiqua specimen (the Vapourer moth; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Erebidae). The genome sequence is 480.1 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 14 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.4 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 12,475 protein coding genes.
The genome sequence of the Pine Hawkmoth, Sphinx pinastri (Linneaus 1758)
Authors: Boyes Douglas , Boyes Clare ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: July 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Sphinx pinastri (the Pine Hawkmoth; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Sphingidae). The genome sequence is 509.2 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 28 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.3 kilobases in length.
The genome sequence of an ichneumonid wasp, Campoletis raptor (Zetterstedt, 1838)
Authors: Broad Gavin R. , Fletcher Chris , Januszczak Inez ,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: July 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Campoletis raptor (an ichneumonid wasp; Arthropoda; Insecta; Hymenoptera; Ichneumonidae). The genome sequence is 218.6 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 11 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 28.53 kilobases in length.
IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON PERFORMANCE ON INDIAN STOCK INDICES: A STUDY FOR NSE COMPOSITE AND SECTORAL INDICES
Authors: Nisarg A. Joshi
Published: July 2023

Purpose/Objective: The objective of the paper was to scrutinize the impact of COVID-19 on the performance of composite and sectoral indices of National Stock Exchange (NSE) of India. Methodology and Approach: The study included sample daily closing prices from July 2019 to December 2020 for two composite indices and nine sectoral indices of NSE. The sample was divided into three sub-samples to check the impact before, during and after (after the lockdown was lifted) the pandemic on the volatility of returns. The volatility measures were regressed using a dummy variable for COVID-19. Findings: The results showed that there was an increase in the volatility of returns of the indices during COVID-19 as compared to post-lockdown period. It was also found that the skewness of returns of the indices have become more negative in the post COVID (post-lockdown) period. Practical Implications /Conclusion: The findings of the study have significant implications and impacts regarding the decision making for equity analysts, portfolio management firms, investors and traders for assessing their investment in a better way and deciding their investments. The author believed that these results would magnify the volatility relations.
Electrically tunable optical spatial differentiation with graphene
Authors: Xia Daxiu , Yang Jingxian , Zhi Qijun
Published: July 2023

In recent years, optical analog computing has experienced rapid development, among which optical differential operation has attracted great attention. Here, based on the unique optical properties of graphene, we propose an electrically tunable optical spatial differentiation by introducing a graphene layer at a quartz substrate. It is found that the output light field is sensitive to the graphene layer near the Brewster angle for small polarization output at the graphene-quartz substrate interface and can be modulated by changing the Fermi energy of graphene. In this case, the result of the optical differential operation can be dynamically regulated. Almost strict one-dimensional differential operations in different directions and almost perfect two-dimensional differential operations can be achieved. In addition, two-dimensional edge detection with different degrees of distortion in different directions can also be realized when applied to image processing. This new modulation method may provide more possibilities for tunable image edge detection and provide a potential way for developing more versatile optical simulators in the future.
Ten quick tips for bioinformatics analyses using an Apache Spark distributed computing environment
Authors: Chicco Davide , Ferraro Petrillo Umberto , Cattaneo Giuseppe
Published: July 2023

Some scientific studies involve huge amounts of bioinformatics data that cannot be analyzed on personal computers usually employed by researchers for day-to-day activities but rather necessitate effective computational infrastructures that can work in a distributed way. For this purpose, distributed computing systems have become useful tools to analyze large amounts of bioinformatics data and to generate relevant results on virtual environments, where software can be executed for hours or even days without affecting the personal computer or laptop of a researcher. Even if distributed computing resources have become pivotal in multiple bioinformatics laboratories, often researchers and students use them in the wrong ways, making mistakes that can cause the distributed computers to underperform or that can even generate wrong outcomes. In this context, we present here ten quick tips for the usage of Apache Spark distributed computing systems for bioinformatics analyses: ten simple guidelines that, if taken into account, can help users avoid common mistakes and can help them run their bioinformatics analyses smoothly. Even if we designed our recommendations for beginners and students, they should be followed by experts too. We think our quick tips can help anyone make use of Apache Spark distributed computing systems more efficiently and ultimately help generate better, more reliable scientific results.
Spatializing stigma-power: Mental health impacts of spatial stigma in a legally-excluded settlement in Mumbai, India
Authors: Dev Saloni , Duval Jasper , Galivanche Amith , Shitole Tejal , Sawant Kiran , Shitole Shrutika , Patil-Deshmukh Anita , Lincoln Alisa , Subbaraman Ramnath , Weinstein Liza
Published: July 2023

In disadvantaged neighborhoods such as informal settlements (or “slums” in the Indian context), infrastructural deficits and social conditions have been associated with residents’ poor mental health. Within social determinants of health framework, spatial stigma, or negative portrayal and stereotyping of particular neighborhoods, has been identified as a contributor to health deficits, but remains under-examined in public health research and may adversely impact the mental health of slum residents through pathways including disinvestment in infrastructure, internalization, weakened community relations, and discrimination. Based on analyses of individual interviews (n = 40) and focus groups (n = 6) in Kaula Bandar (KB), an informal settlement in Mumbai with a previously described high rate of probable common mental disorders (CMD), this study investigates the association between spatial stigma and mental health. The findings suggest that KB’s high rate of CMDs stems, in part, from residents’ internalization of spatial stigma, which negatively impacts their self-perceptions and community relations. Employing the concept of stigma-power, this study also reveals that spatial stigma in KB is produced through willful government neglect and disinvestment, including the denial of basic services (e.g., water and sanitation infrastructure, solid waste removal). These findings expand the scope of stigma-power from an individual-level to a community-level process by revealing its enactment through the actions (and inactions) of bureaucratic agencies. This study provides empirical evidence for the mental health impacts of spatial stigma and contributes to understanding a key symbolic pathway by which living in a disadvantaged neighborhood may adversely affect health.
First genome-wide data from Italian European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.): Strong and ancient differentiation between Alps and Apennines
Authors: Marchesini Alexis , Silverj Andrea , Torre Sara , Rota-Stabelli Omar , Girardi Matteo , Passeri Iacopo , Fracasso Ilaria , Sebastiani Federico , Vernesi Cristiano
Published: July 2023

The European beech (Fagus sylvaticaL.) is one of the most widespread forest trees in Europe whose distribution and intraspecific diversity has been largely shaped by repeated glacial cycles. Previous studies, mainly based on palaeobotanical evidence and a limited set of chloroplast and nuclear genetic markers, highlighted a complex phylogeographic scenario, with southern and western Europe characterized by a rather heterogeneous genetic structure, as a result of recolonization from different glacial refugia. Despite its ecological and economic importance, the genome of this broad-leaved tree has only recently been assembled, and its intra-species genomic diversity is still largely unexplored. Here, we performed whole-genome resequencing of nine Italian beech individuals sampled from two stands located in the Alpine and Apennine mountain ranges. We investigated patterns of genetic diversity at chloroplast, mitochondrial and nuclear genomes and we used chloroplast genomes to reconstruct a temporally-resolved phylogeny. Results allowed us to test European beech differentiation on a whole-genome level and to accurately date their divergence time. Our results showed comparable, relatively high levels of genomic diversity in the two populations and highlighted a clear differentiation at chloroplast, mitochondrial and nuclear genomes. The molecular clock analysis indicated an ancient split between the Alpine and Apennine populations, occurred between the Günz and the Riss glaciations (approximately 660 kyrs ago), suggesting a long history of separation for the two gene pools. This information has important conservation implications in the context of adaptation to ongoing climate changes.
A Rare Case of Visceral Leishmaniasis Diagnosed by Endoscopy in an Anemic Patient With HIV/AIDS
Authors: Dawkins Makeda , Lin Zilan , Cohen Cynthia , Mikkilineni Soumya , Shakil Fouzia , Tewari Virendra
Published: July 2023

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a rare protozoan parasitic disease transmitted by sandfly vectors predominantly found in Asia and Central America. Although far less common than cutaneous leishmaniasis, VL carries a higher mortality burden because of its propensity to cause emaciation and marked anemia through bone marrow infiltration. Treatment is particularly challenging in patients coinfected with HIV before both infections work synergistically to perpetuate immunosuppression, further promoting higher viral loads and disease burden. In comparison with those without HIV, these patients have poorer treatment responses and higher rates of relapse. We describe a case of VL in an anemic patient with HIV/AIDS diagnosed during esophagogastroduodenoscopy. We also present challenges to treatment, adverse drug side effects, and long-term sequelae.
Pancreatic resections or observation in management of sporadic non-functioning stage T1 neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas (PNET) (literature review)
Authors: Salimgereeva D. A. , Feidorov I. Y. , Khatkov I. E.
Published: July 2023

The availability of modern high-precision diagnostic methods increased the detection rate of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasia (pNEN). There is no doubt concerning the necessity of surgical treatment for localized functioning tumors, whilecurrently there is no objective way to choose the tactic for non-functioning asymptomatic neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas (pNET) with the exception of the tumor size.

Treatment tactics for non-functioning asymptomatic T1 neuroendocrine tumors (less 2 cm in size) are debatable. According to literature surgical treatment for lesions less than 2 cm does not always increase survival. In the same time even in high-volume centers pancreatic surgery shows high morbidity and mortality rate. Prospective randomized trials comparing surveillance and operative treatment are not published yet, as far as authors concerned. International guidelines answer the question of treatment such neoplasms ambiguously, while national Russian recommendations do not cover the topic. Guidelines are based on heterogeneous retrospective studies; therefore, the aim of scientific research is to determine reliable criteria for patient selection for dynamic observation or surgical treatment.

This article provides an overview of 60 scientific publications covering the problem.
LIMINALE KREATIVITÄT
Authors: Hondros Konstantin
Published: July 2023

Neue Produkte herzustellen, die bereits existierenden bis zur Verwechslung ähneln, verlangt von Kreativen den paradoxen Spagat zwischen Neuheit und Bekanntheit auf die Spitze zu treiben. Gerade Auftragszusammenhänge der Kreativwirtschaft können die Produktion ähnlicher Artefakte einfordern und dem Wunsch nach Einzigartigkeit widersprechen, der Gegenwartsgesellschaften angeblich auszeichnet. Diese bewerten das Besondere, das Werk als kreativ und stellen ihm Kopien oder Plagiate gegenüber, die als unkreativ gelten. Die Analyse intentionaler Produktionen von Ähnlichkeit öffnet hier den Blick auf die vielfältige und von Unsicherheiten geprägte liminale Kreativität der Versionen. Fallbeispiele der Herstellung von Soundalikes zeigen anhand von Beobachtungen, Interviews und Gerichtsfällen, wie ästhetische, rechtliche, wissenschaftliche und wirtschaftliche Grenzziehungen musikalisches Versionieren anleiten. Kreative nutzen Kombinationen kleinster Transformationen, um Musikprodukte einer Referenz anzunähern und von ihr zu entfernen, und produzieren dabei Artefakte im Graubereich zwischen Werk und Plagiat.
Validasi Kurkumin Hasil Isolasi Rimpang Kunyit Dengan Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi Photodiode Array Detector
Authors: Farida Ida Nur , Muliya Annisa
Published: July 2023

Curcumin is the main compound in turmeric and has problems in its stability. The analytical method used to determine curcumin levels is by using high performance liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Photodiode Array Detector (PDA). HPLC has a high separation capability and good reproducibility with a low detection limit. The purpose of this research is that the isolation curcumine determined by HPLC-PDA and has been validated can be applied as a standard in quantitative analysis in the laboratory. The validation parameters specified include accuracy, precision, linearity, detection limits and quantification limits. The results of HPLC-PDA research used acetonitrile mobile phase condition : buffer phosphate pH 3,5 (70:30 v/v), flow rate of 1 mL/min, wavelength 426 nm showed curcumin from isolation had resolution (Rs= 5.7172), linearity (r=0.9991), accuracy (0.5 and 1 ppm), presicion at a concentration of 5 ppm %RSD < 20.0%, and BD values also BK are 0.1122 and 0.3401 ppm. Validation of curcumin from isolation using HPLC-PDA has the requirements as a good validation and can be used as a reference in the laboratory.
Tinjauan Yuridis Perjanjian Waralaba Menurut Hukum Positif di Indonesia
Authors: Claudia Jean , Urbanisasi Urbanisasi
Published: July 2023

A franchise is a form of business partnership between two parties known as the franchisor and the franchisee. During the partnership period, the franchisee has the right to use the franchise's trademarks, business systems, technical assistance, and training, as well as other important aspects related to the business. In fact, a franchise agreement has a fairly high level of complexity because it involves many aspects and certain details that must be considered by both parties. The relationship between franchising and default is very close because the implementation of the contract is difficult when there is disagreement about the rights and obligations of each party in the franchise cooperation. If there is a violation on the part of the franchisor, the franchisor has the potential to take legal action. Such violations may include non-compliance with or violation of established procedures in promoting and disseminating the franchise mark, as well as non-compliance with the rules set by the franchisor in managing the business. By conducting this review, it is hoped that it will provide a firmer and more thorough understanding of franchise contracts from the perspective of positive law in Indonesia, so that all parties involved in the agreement can understand their rights and responsibilities and avoid possible legal problems in the future.
[18F]Fluoromisonidazole synthesis method: development and optimization by cartridge purification
Authors: Chochevska Maja , Lazareva Marija Atanasova , Kolevska Katerina , Velichkovska Maja , Koziorowski Jacek , Ivanovska Emilija Janevik , Angelovska Bistra , Ugrinska Ana
Published: July 2023

[18F]Fluoromisonidazole ([18F]FMISO) as nitroimidazole derivative with 18F radioisotope is a widely known and studied hypoxia marker for PET imaging. A number of automated synthesis modules and purification strategies for production of [18F]FMISO have been described in recent years. The goal of this work was to develop [18F]FMISO synthesis process with Synthera module with solid phase extraction (SPE) Sep-Pak purification cartridges. To adjust the reaction conditions we synthesized [18F]FMISO under different reaction conditions and using various reversed-phase (RP) purification cartridges (HLB light, HLB plus, tC18, C18 environmental, Chromafix PS-RP). The synthesis was performed by nucleophilic substitution of commercial 1-(2′-nitro-1′-imidazolyl)-2-O-tetrahydropyranyl-3-O-toluenesulfonylpropanediol precursor and subsequent acidic hydrolysis. Further, the product mixture was purified by passing through the SPE cartridge. The produced [18F]FMISO was retained on the cartridge, while the impurities passed through the cartridge into a waste. The retained [18F]FMISO was then eluted with small amounts of ethanol in water and eluates were collected in the final product vial. The product sample was subjected to quality control tests, while for waste sample chemical and radiochemical tests were performed. We have developed an efficient synthesis method of [18F]FMISO with cartridge purification with good radiochemical yield (RCY) and high chemical and radiochemical purity in accordance with the Ph. Eur. Monograph for Fluoromisonidazole (18F) injection.
Do companies that generate profits make economic value added?
Authors:   Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Croatia, Zenzerović Robert
Published: July 2023

This paper focuses on determining the differences between economic value added (EVA), net operating profit after tax (NOPAT), earnings before interest and taxes (EBITDA), and net income or loss for non-financial business entities operating in the Republic of Croatia in the period 2002–2021. The main objective of this paper is to determine whether non-financial activities create economic value added, and rank them according to selected indicators based on EVA. Research results indicate that there were only 27 out of 309 cases where EVA was positive, indicating that only the information and communication sector generated, on average, positive EVA during this twenty-year period. Positive EVA was generated in certain years in companies conducting human health and social work activities, education, mining, and quarrying, as well as in wholesale and retail trade activities, but the average EVA for this twenty-year period in these sectors was negative. At the same time, net income was achieved in 246 cases, and NOPAT in 285. Meanwhile, EBITDA was positive in all cases, demonstrating an obvious discrepancy between EVA and other financial performance measures. Correlation analysis results indicate that there is a statistically significant moderate correlation between EVA and net income/loss, although the correlation is generally stronger between EVA and EBITDA-based indicators. According to research results, the answer to the question in the title of this paper is negative, emphasizing the possibilities of intensive introduction of EVA as a financial performance indicator.
Foundational Films
Authors: Conde Maite
Published: July 2023

The first screening of films in Brazil took place on July 8, 1896. Journalists immediately praised the movies’ modernity and their progressive dimensions. Their commentaries support the commonly held premise that cinema was related to the onset of modernity. In Brazil, relationship had a very specific impetus. After the abolition of slavery in 1888, followed a year later by the ousting of the imperial monarchy, a new Republican regime (1889–1930) set out to redefine Brazil’s identity. Its peripheral status was to be a thing of the past, and incorporating European discourses of civilization and progress, the country was recast as a modern nation of order and progress. The cinema’s development was inextricably related to this modernizing project, with the medium helping to visualize Brazil’s civilized identity. Foundational Films explores the cinema’s particular invention of modernity in Brazil. Examining an array of early movies, including urban films, ethnographic documentaries, Hollywood-inspired movies, and avant-garde cinematic experimentations, and exploring their connections to other cultural forms, like maps, magazines, photography, science, and literature, the book looks at how cinema helped to project modern foundations for the Brazilian nation. The first sustained historical study of the cinema’s emergence in Brazil, Foundational Films is a fascinating account that illustrates the significance of the movies and their ability to project a national identity. It is an innovative and in-depth look at the cultural history of modernity in Brazil through the lens of a foundational moment in the country’s cinema.
Precarias, segregadas y divididas: la profesionalización de los cuidados de atención directa en las residencias de mayores
Authors: López Fernández Sandra , Candela Soto Paloma , Sánchez Pérez María del Carmen
Published: July 2023

Este artículo analiza los efectos de la profesionalización de las Trabajadoras de Cuidados de Atención Directa en las residencias de mayores. La investigación pone el foco en los efectos del programa de acreditación de competencias profesionales (Certificados de Profesionalidad) y sus implicaciones en la situación sociolaboral de las trabajadoras, un colectivo integrado por profesionales con edades, imaginarios y trayectorias vitales diferentes. Con una mirada cualitativa, la investigación recompone y analiza el relato colectivo de las protagonistas mediante la realización de grupos focales en residencias de mayores; una muestra intencional en la que han participado más de ochenta Trabajadoras de Cuidados de Atención Directa. Este trabajo pone en valor la percepción subjetiva de las trabajadoras, analizando sus experiencias y vivencias para interpretar y comprender el significado profundo de los cambios vividos. La investigación constata que el proceso de profesionalización ha tenido efectos diferentes según las características sociodemográficas y vitales de las trabajadoras del sector. Se han identificado tres perfiles-tipos con rasgos diferenciadores (edad, condición migrante, territorio), que repercuten en la configuración de sus trayectorias formativas y laborales. Con todo, se desvela un panorama poliédrico y paradójico de la profesionalización de los cuidados de atención directa.
Materiały do historii kobiet w rosyjskich aktach proweniencji wojskowej (1914–1915)
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Snopko Jan
Published: July 2023

Część spuścizny aktowej rosyjskich władz i instytucji wojskowych przechowywanych jest w archiwach polskich (Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych w Warszawie oraz Archiwa Państwowe zlokalizowane na obszarze byłego zaboru rosyjskiego). Już wstępna kwerenda tych akt wskazuje, że mogą one być przydatne nie tylko do badań nad historią wojskowości, ale także do badań w zakresie dziejów społeczno-gospodarczych, w tym i historii kobiet. Tej ostatniej problematyki dotyczą tylko niektóre materiały. Wśród nich wyróżnia się bogata dokumentacja dotycząca pomocy dla rodzin zmobilizowanych żołnierzy w latach 1914–1917. Pozwala ona badać sytuację materialną i rodzinną żon rezerwistów (dane o liczbie dzieci, ich wieku itp.). Ciekawych informacji mogą dostarczyć też listy do żołnierzy, zachowane jako załączniki w aktach wojskowych. Osobną grupę materiałów stanowią dokumenty dotyczące zjawiska prostytucji, która nieodłącznie towarzyszyła większym skupiskom wojska.
Tutoring według Dymowów (Сергей Кузнецов Учитель Дымов)
Authors:   Uniwersytet Gdański, Wydział Filologiczny, Instytut Rusycystyki i Studiów Wschodnich, Kalita Liliana
Published: July 2023

The subject of the considerations is the free-time educational activity of the protagonists of Sergey Kuznetsov’s novel, which can be considered as an example of both scientific and developmental tutoring. The writer, using the genre of the family saga, through the fate of Vladimir, Valery and Andrei, shows one hundred years from the history of Russia in the context of the influence of politics on an individual’s life. Fear of power, rebellion against it, or, finally, disappointment with the current social situation become an incentive for the characters to seek alternative forms of fulfillment. Tutoring is therefore a form of escapism from reality, and its implementation reflects the spirit of the times in which the Dymovs live.
Провiнцiйний свiт у творчостi Бруно Шульца як елемент авторськоï концепцiï
Authors:   Донбаський державний педагогiчний унiверситет, Фiлологiчний факультет, Кафедра германськоï та слов’янськоï фiлологiï, м. Слов’янськ Донецькоï обл., Украïна, Маторiна Наталя
Published: July 2023

Bruno Schulz is one of the most original creators of Polish culture of the first half of the 20th century. Recently, interest in Bruno Schultz’s creative work has been growing all over the world. The literary works by Bruno Schulz clearly confirm that his artistic creativity is characterized by extraordinariness in everything: both in the context of artistic works and the author’s concept and the artistic reflection of reality. The writer chooses such characters, such dramatic situations, which allow him to unravel his creative ideas with the greatest expressiveness and evidence, to realize his author’s concept. The provincial world of Shultz’s works, his “special province”, as an element of the author’s concept, is represented in scientific studies through the lens of several elements: topographical, linguistic, “characteristic” (images of the characters), the element of numerous details, etc. The dilogy of short stories has been chosen as the source base: “Cinnamon Shops” and “Sanatorium Under the Sign of the Hourglass”, as well as several works that were not included in the first editions of these collections. The analysis of Bruno Schulz’s authorial concept contributes to a deeper and more complete understanding of the features of Bruno Schulz’s creation of a unique, artistic world, as well as the features of the artist’s way of perceiving and mastering real reality with its subsequent transformation into an artistic reality. Bruno Schulz tried to overcome the mediocrity destined for him by fate, to go beyond the boundaries of his “region of heresy”, while remaining himself – a Galician Jew, a classic of Polish literature, a singer of a special Ukrainian “secret” province, the symbolic mystical portrait of which, according to researchers, he had left to posterity.
O czasie (nie)wolnym Poliny Żerebcowej na podstawie świadectwa Mrówka w słoiku. Dzienniki czeczeńskie 1994–2004
Authors:   Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach, Wydział Humanistyczny, Instytut Literaturoznawstwa, Pawletko Beata
Published: July 2023

The article attempts to analyze the unique testimony “Ant in a glass jar. Chechen diaries of 1994–2004” by Polina Zherebtsova from the point of view of the category of free time. The diary, which is an important supplement of mainly novel and reportage narrations about the war in Chechnya, is at the same time a testimony inscribed in the international circle of war diaries, especially children’s ones. From this point of view, the analysis of leisure time conducted from the point of view of everyday practice of recording what is around allows us to confirm the recurrence of certain mechanisms and behaviors in limit situations. In turn, the protractedness of the Russian-Chechen conflict influences the fact that between the periods of intense warfare there are also those when there is relative peace and normality, which translates into limited, but definitely individualized practices of spending leisure time.
Rok 1848. Język rosyjski „wchodzi” do ksiąg metrykalnych Kościoła rzymskokatolickiego w dekanacie grodzieńskim
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Wydział Filologiczny, Instytut Filologii Wschodniosłowiańskiej, Dacewicz Leonarda , Szymula Robert ,   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Wydział Filologiczny, Kolegium Językoznawstwa
Published: July 2023

The Russian language, after its forced entry into the record books of the Roman Catholic Church in the former territories of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth incorporated into the Russian Empire during the post-partition period, was used for nearly 70 years (in Grodno parishes from 1848). The introduction of this language caused changes in the content and structure of record acts as well as in personal nomenclature. The Polish language gradually began to “return” to the administration of the Roman Catholic Church, including the record books of Grodno parishes, after Poland regained independence.
Romanse Aleksandry Masłowskiej. Technologie cyfrowe „w służbie” solowego wykonawstwa utworów muzycznych
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie, Wydział Sztuki, Stępniak Zbigniew
Published: July 2023

The article presents innovative research – with the use of digital technologies – in the field of vocal interpretation of poetic texts – three poems by Czesław Miłosz, translated into Russian, to which Aleksandra Masłowska-Smirnova from Kaliningrad, a composer of the young generation, composed music, defining the genre of the composition as romances. The romances were composed for a specific person, Fr. Zbigniew Stępniak with a rare basso profondo voice. Due to the significant scale of performance difficulties, compositions based on the poems of Cz. Miłosz became the subject of an experiment aimed at facilitating the execution process. The aim of the article was to describe an innovative experiment carried out during a scientific internship at the Studio für Stimmforschung at the Hochschule für Musik Carl Maria von Weber in Dresden and to professionally interpret the results of the research. The author shares his own experiences, which young performers of compositions based on emotionally saturated poetic texts will be able to use. The remarks on translation devices included in the text were related to the purpose of poetic texts for writing compositions and solo performances.
Simulation Coordination Control of PVAnd Battery On Microgrid With PI Controller
Authors: Kusmantoro Adhi , Hiyama Takashi
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The output power of PV (photovoltaic) changes according to changes in the intensity of solar radiation. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to use a utility grid connected system to overcome changes in solar energy sources and loads. This is done to maintain an uninterrupted power supply to the load.Methods: In this study, we propose a grid-connected PV system with several DC-DC converters connected in parallel with several PV sources and batteries with PI control coordination. The proposed method includes two stages, namely the DC-DC converter development stage and the battery management strategy stage.Results: The study results show that within 0 seconds to 0.45 seconds the DC bus is supplied with PV. Due to the change in PV, within 0.45 seconds to 0.65 seconds the DC bus is supplied with unit-1 battery. When there is a change in the unit-1 battery, within 0.65 seconds to 0.8 seconds the DC bus is supplied with the unit-2 battery. By using PV coordination arrangements and battery units, the microgrid can still supply power to the load even if changes occur in the PV or grid.Novelty: The novelty in this study is a new microgrid configuration to increase the demand for electrical loads. The new configuration uses multi-PV and multi-battery. Multi-PV is used to supply the load and is stored in the multi-battery, while multi-battery is used at night and if there is a disturbance at the PV output.
Periodate and hypobromite modification of Southern Pine wood to improve sorption of copper ion
Authors: McSweeny James D. , Rowell Roger M. , Chen George C. , Eberhardt Thomas L. , Min Soo-Hong
Published: July 2023

Milled southern pine wood was modified with sequential treatments of sodium periodate and sodium hypobromite for the purpose of improving copper ion (Cu2+) sorption capacity of the wood when tested in 24-h equilibrium batch tests. The modified wood provided additional carboxyl groups to those in the native wood and substantially increased Cu2+ uptake over that of unmodified wood. Sorption capacity (qe) measured with an unbuffered standard solution increased to a maximum of 7.8 mg Cu2+ ion per gram of wood (treated) from 3.1 mg Cu2+ ion/g wood (untreated). Samples tested were first sodium ion exchanged to keep the pH of the standard solution from declining during the sorption test. The treatment necessary for maximum qe was 3% (w/v) periodate for 24 h and 0.8% (w/v) bromine (as hypobromite) for 24 h; both treatments were at room temperature. These conditions corresponded to the maximum periodate concentration and treatment times tested. To further evaluate the efficacy of modification treatments, weight change after each treatment was determined. Weight loss after the periodate stage for any concentration and time used was minor, indicating the selective nature of this reaction. However, most of the weight loss was incurred after hypobromite treatment. Weight loss corresponding to the greatest increase in sorption capacity was 12.6% total from the combined periodate and hypobromite stages. The increase of carboxylate functional groups in the wood was monitored using FTIR/ATR spectroscopy.
Formulation Strategies for Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy Practice, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab-142001, India, Vohra Manisha , Amir Mohammad ,   Department of Pharmacy Practice, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab-142001, India, Sharma Amit ,   Department of Pharmacy Practice, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab-142001, India, Wadhwa Sheetu ,   School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab - 144001, India
Published: July 2023

Background: Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Dementia, and others are becoming more common globally due to people’s changing lifestyles. Furthermore, the presence of the Blood-Brain barrier and other limitations of oral and other routes of administration makes drug delivery to the brain somewhat tricky. As a result, numerous novel drug delivery systems are being developed for drug administration to the brain. However, nose-to-brain administration is one of the most effective, safe, and non-invasive methods. Purpose: To discuss nose-to-brain delivery as a novel drug delivery system in the treatment of various brain disorders and to provide information about various formulation strategies designed to deliver the drug to the brain effectively. Methods: A preliminary search was conducted in the PubMed, OVID Medline, Embase, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases using keywords such as “Intranasal delivery, nose-to-brain drug transport, formulations for intranasal delivery.” Results: Various marketed formulations for nose-to-brain drug delivery are listed in this review, like naringenin, donepezil, pentamidine, rivastigmine, efavirenz, desvenlafaxine, lamotrigine, haloperidol, nimodipine, olanzapine, valproic acid, ovalbumin, clonazepam, fentanyl citrate, nifedipine in the form of poloxamer chitosan-based nano-formulation, nano-emulsion, chitosan niosomes, chitosan containing emulsion, solid-lipid nanoparticles, PLGA-chitosan nanoparticles, solution, mucoadhesive microemulsion, nanostructured lipid carriers, cationic liposomes, peptide-attached liposomes, multimellar liposomes with their research findings in treating various brain disorders. Conclusion: This review discusses nose-to-brain drug delivery processes, the pathway for its action, advantages over other delivery routes, barriers to this system, and current formulation strategies for nose-to-brain transport.
QUALIDADE DA OFERTA EDUCACIONAL E DESIGUALDADES DE APRENDIZADO NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL BRASILEIRO
Authors: Xavier Flavia Pereira , Alves Maria Teresa Gonzaga , Petrus Joyce Soares Rodrigues
Published: July 2023

Nas últimas décadas, a preocupação com a qualidade educacional foi mais evidenciada, na agenda pública brasileira, do que as ações centradas no combate às desigualdades, em função do amplo uso do Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica - Ideb. Contudo, estudos apontam que a qualidade não tem sido acompanhada de equidade, ferindo princípios constitucionais. Nesta esteira, investigamos a relação entre indicadores de oferta educacional e medidas de qualidade e equidade de aprendizado no ensino fundamental. Utilizando dados das escolas públicas brasileiras, provenientes do Censo Escolar e Saeb, dados demográficos e de investimentos, provenientes do IBGE e Siope, observamos que os indicadores da oferta educacional associam-se mais à qualidade do que à equidade e que municípios maiores, em termos e população, tendem a apresentar qualidade com menos equidade. É possível observar um padrão Norte/Sul do país. Situações de mais equidade, são vistas em estados do Norte e Nordeste. De lado oposto, situações de mais qualidade são encontradas em estados do Sul eSudeste. Situações de mais qualidade com equidade são raras nos municípios brasileiros, mas foram encontradas em maior proporção, no Ceará. Conclui-se que políticas específicas e mais objetivas são necessárias para a garantia de uma educação de qualidade com equidade. Esta garantia é um direito de todos e recebe ainda mais relevância no cenário pós pandemia por COVID-19, em que as lacunas de aprendizagens e o acirramento das desigualdades educacionais têm se revelado cada vez mais profundas.