bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study on profile of patients with parotid swellings attending infectious disease hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana
Authors: Ivaturi Phani Bhushan , . Asma
Published: April 2018

Background: Mumps is an acute infectious disease caused by RNA virus. Clinically, the disease is presented as non suppurative enlargement and tenderness of one or both the parotid glands. The annual incidence of mumps in the absence of immunization is in the range of 100-1000 cases/100000 population. Mumps mostly occurs in children in age group of 5-9 years. The objectives of the study were to describe the epidemiological factors of cases admitted with parotid swelling; to describe the clinical features of patients admitted with parotid swelling; to assess the demographic factors in relation to complications.

Methods: A cross sectional record based retrospective study was carried out at Sir Ronald Ross Institute of Tropical and Communicable Diseases, Hyderabad. All the cases admitted in year 2016 with unilateral or bilateral parotid swellings were included in the study. The study was carried out for 2 months.  

Results: The mean age of study population in present study was found to be 11.23 years. Around 35.9% of cases were found in the age group of 6-10 years. Males constituted 53.9% of study population and females were 46.1%. The mean duration between the onset of symptoms and admission in hospital was found to be 3.5 days. The most common clinical presentation was fever, parotid swelling and earache.

Conclusions: Control of Mumps is difficult as the disease is highly infectious. Long and variable incubation period along with subclinical cases makes the control difficult. However, routine MMR vaccination as part of national immunization schedule can help in be preventing the epidemics.

 
Triamcinolone acetate vs. combination of triamcinolone acetate and isotretinoin in treatment of oral lichen planus: a comparative study
Authors: Swain Smruti , Radhakrishnan Sruthi T. , Panigrahi Saroj K. , Biswal Manas R.
Published: April 2018

Background: There are many treatment modalities being practiced for oral lichen planus and many are under trial. However, none has been able to provide a complete permanent cure. This study aims to see if combination therapy with topical triamcinolone acetate and isotretinoin is superior to topical triamcinolone acetate alone, in treating oral lichen planus.

Methods: Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups to receive either triamcinolone (0.5%) only (group A) or 0.5% triamcinolone with 0.1% isotretinoin (group B). Patients applied medication thrice daily and were followed up at, 2 week, 1st month, 2nd month and 3rd months. Size of lesion and symptoms were assessed at each visit. The data was analysed by chi square test.  

Results: Patients in group B (combination therapy) showed significantly better improvement in symptoms at the end of 2nd week and 1st month as compared to group A. Decrease in lesion size was also better in group B with p values of 0.012, 0.004 and 0.022 at 2 weeks, 1st month and 2nd month respectively. Complete resolution of lesion was obtained in 53.33% people in group B and 26.67% people in group A.

Conclusions: Combination of 0.5% triamcinolone acetate and 0.1% isotretinoin is superior to 0.5% triamcinolone acetate alone in treatment of oral lichen planus. It causes quicker relief in symptoms and decreases lesion size faster. Complete resolution of the lesions is also more when combination therapy is used.
Effectiveness of septoplasty on pulmonary function tests in symptomatic deviated nasal septum cases: a prospective study
Authors: Panicker Vidya Bhargavan , Belaldavar B.P.
Published: April 2018

Background: Deviation of normal pulmonary functions leads to dysfunction of the respiratory system and this affects the functions and vitality of other related systems. Pulmonary function tests give valuable information on the state of airways, lung volumes and lung function. Hence, the present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of septoplasty on pulmonary function tests in symptomatic deviated nasal septum cases.

Methods: A total of 35 patients (septoplasty: 31; septorhinoplasty: 4) with deviated nasal septum were involved in the study. Demographic data, clinical and physical examination including anterior and posterior rhinoscopy was performed. RMS Helios 702 spirometer was used to perform pre- and postoperative pulmonary function tests. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume (FEV1) in 1 second, peak expiratory flow rate, and the ratio of FEV1 to FVC were the parameters measured. SPSSV. 17 was used to analyse the data.  

Results: The deviation was most commonly seen on the left side (54%), affecting mostly the cartilaginous septum (54%). Among patients with septoplasty, the postoperative values of FVC (p<0.05), FEV1 (p<0.05), and peak expiratory flow (p<0.05) were higher than the preoperative values and the results were statistically significant. Age, gender, laterality and duration of deviation, headache and inferior turbinate hypertrophy did not play a significant role in the enhancement of pulmonary functions after septoplasty.

Conclusions: A favorable outcome in pulmonary function was observed in patients with deviated nasal septum after septoplasty. However, due to limited sample size, it is advisable to conduct the study in a larger sample to validate these results.
A comparative study of adenoidectomy by microdebrider vs conventional method
Authors: Muniraju M. , Saifulla Mohammed
Published: April 2018

Background: Adenoidectomy is a commonly performed ENT surgery. This present article aims to evaluate endoscopic powered adenoidectomy as an alternative for conventional curettage method.

Methods: Sixty consecutive cases requiring adenoidectomy were randomized into two groups of thirty each. Group A underwent endoscopic assisted micro-debrider adenoidectomy and Group B underwent conventional adenoidectomy using the curettage method in study period from November 2015 to May 2017.  

Results: The average time taken in Group A was 34.10 minutes and in Group B was 22.83 minutes (p<0.001). The average blood loss in Group A was 29.57 ml as compared to 16.67 ml in Group B (p<0.001). The resection was invariably complete in Group A whereas five (16.7%) cases had more than 50% residual adenoid tissue in Group B. Four cases in group B had collateral damage whereas in Group A, there were no added injuries. Post operative pain was studied only in cases undergoing adenoidectomy alone. Group A (n=8) demonstrated a pain score of 3.50 – 3.09 whereas Group B (n=11) demonstrated a pain score of 2.75-2.55. In group A, the mean recovery period was 2.80 days and 8.23 days in Group B (p<0.001).

Conclusions: Endoscopic powered adenoidectomy was found to be a safe and effective tool for adenoidectomy. The study parameters where endoscopic powered adenoidectomy fared better were completeness of resection, accurate resection under vision, lesser collateral damage and faster recovery time. On the other hand, conventional adenoidectomy scored in matter of lesser operative time and intra-operative bleeding.
Oral myiasis: a rare case comprising of more than 100 maggots
Authors: Shivpuri Anubhav , Saxena Vivek
Published: April 2018

Oral myiasis is a rare condition caused due to larvae infestation within the oral cavity. This can be caused by several species of fly larvae and is usually secondary to severe uncontrolled physical or mental illness. Common predisposing factors for oral myiasis are incompetent lips, poor oral hygiene, anterior open bite, mouth breathing, facial trauma and oral carcinoma in a mentally challenged patient. In this case report we describe a case of oral myiasis of the anterior palate in a hemiplegic patient harbouring more than 100 larvae.
Right submandibular gland metastasis from an occult papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Radia Sheetal , Singh Chandra Veer , Chamoli Priyanka
Published: April 2018

Papillary microcarcinoma may present with clinical symptoms, most commonly jugulodigastric and pretracheal lymphadenopathy with or without palpable thyroid nodules. Isolated submandibular metastases are rare. We are presenting here a case report of 40-year old lady with an isolated submandibular gland metastasis arising from a papillary thyroid carcinoma. Submandibular gland excision of right side was done based on the fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) which suggested features of Basal cell adenoma vs cellular pleomorphic adenoma. USG neck s/o 3×3.5×2.8 cm sized hypoechoic lesion right submandibular. Histopathologic examination of the specimen suggested a metastatic papillary carcinoma. Total thyroidectomy was done, no other site of metastasis was found on radio-iodine scanning.
Oncocytic cyst of larynx: a rare case
Authors: V. Saravana Selvan , A. Mekaladevi , M. Ramya
Published: April 2018

Oncocytic laryngeal cyst is an uncommon benign lesion of larynx that develops in the supraglottic area. Oncocytic laryngeal cyst arises from the ventricle and the patient presented with hoarseness of voice. Management of these lesions is conservative and consists of local excision. It is metaplasia of respiratory or glandular salivary epithelium with no risk of malignancy although recurrence after excision can still occur. It usually presents with hoarseness of voice although acute and chronic dyspnea may occur as well. Although oncocytic cysts are benign lesions, follow-up is recommended, as recurrence is possible.
A rare cause of bilateral postaural lymphadenopathy: Kimura’s disease
Authors: Batra Ankur , Goyal Megha , Goel Sachin , Vaid Lakshmi
Published: April 2018

Kimura’s disease (KD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder with angiolymphatic proliferation of unknown etiology, usually affecting young men of Asian race but is rare in other races. Affected Indians are very rare. Herein, we present an atypical manifestation of Kimura’s disease occurring in an Indian male who presented with bilateral postaural lymphadenopathy. The diagnosis of Kimura’s disease can be very difficult and misleading; it is important not to ignore histopathological features.
Endoscopic resection of inverted papilloma of nasal cavity: a case report
Authors: Dudda Ravi , Jayanna Srikanth Hodeyala , M. Hanumantha Prasad , Balaji Nagavara Kalegowda
Published: April 2018

Inverted papilloma is a benign neoplasm of nasal cavity arising from the lateral wall. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the main causative agent. Definitive treatment is surgery and there are number of approaches. Literature shows that endoscopic approach has less recurrence rate. We report a case of inverted papilloma managed by endoscopic resection. 
A rare case of sinonasal actinomycosis – enigmatic presentation
Authors: Gupta Vikas , Dwivedi Gunjan , Sengupta P. , Tripathi Shailendra , Goyal Sunil , Kumar Manoj , Sood Amit
Published: April 2018

Actinomycosis is most commonly seen in cervico-facial, abdominal, genital and thoracic regions as discharging sinuses. Most common organism implicated is Actinomyces israelli, gram positive anaerobic commensal bacteria of aero-digestive tract. Actinomycosis of paranasal sinuses is an extremely rare entity with isolated case reports and small case series published in literature. Among all sinuses maxillary sinus is most commonly afflicted by this disease. Pathogenesis involves inoculation of the bacteria into the tissues through breach in mucosa by trauma or surgical procedure. It requires anaerobic environment to grow into soft tissues and invade bone. It warrants treatment in form of surgical debridement and long term antibiotic therapy. Here, we present one such rare case of sinonasal actinomycosis in a 60 year old diabetic male who earlier had been treated as a case of sinonasal mucormycosis about one year back. This case was managed successfully with debridement encompassing infrastructure maxillectomy followed by a long course of Penicillin group of antibiotic. Preoperatively there was a diagnostic dilemma whether we were dealing with chronic invasive fungal sinusitis or actinomycosis. Actinomycosis was confirmed postoperatively on histopathology and microbiology. 
 
A case report of Rosai Dorfman disease
Authors: Waghray Jyotika , Waghray Pradyut
Published: April 2018

Rosai-Dorfman’s disease also known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) is characterized by distorted lymph node architecture with marked dilation of lymphatic sinuses occupied by numerous lymphocytes, as well as histiocytes with vesicular nucleus and abundant clear cytoplasm with phagocytized lymphocytes or plasma cells, also known as ‘emperipolesis’. This disease of unknown etiology progresses with a benign prognosis strictly and only when an early diagnosis and treatment is made. A late diagnosis and a generalized lymph node involvement contribute to a poor prognosis. We reported a case of a 29-year-old Indian female with a 4-month history of painful unilateral cervical mass and low-grade fever with the final diagnosis of Rosai-Dorfman disease. The final diagnosis was made by fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of the cervical lymph node. In conclusion, FNA biopsy can be enough to make the diagnosis in most cases due to the distinct cytological features of SHML, thereby avoiding more invasive approaches that potentially are unnecessary.
Propiedades electrónicas y estructurales del Ga1-xCrxAs
Authors: Martínez Velásquez Nasly Y. , Rodríguez Martínez Jairo Arbey
Published: April 2018

Mediante el uso de principios basados en la teoría del funcional de la densidad - DFT (Density Functional Theory) se calcularon las propiedades electrónicas y estructurales del compuesto Ga1-xCrxAs. Empleando el método de ondas planas y la aproximación de pseudopotenciales atómicos ultra suaves se resolvieron las ecuaciones de Kohn-Sham. Para la energía de intercambio y correlación se empleó la aproximación de gradiente generalizado, dentro de la parametrización de Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) tal como está implementada en el código computacional Quantum-Espresso. Al dopar GaAs con impurezas de Cr, el sistema exhibe un comportamiento tipo half-metallic. Dicho material puede ser usado en espintrónica. © 2018. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.
Plantas utilizadas como tiendas por murciélagos tenderos en la selva pluvial central del Chocó, Colombia
Authors: Copete-Mosquera Yucely Del Carmen , Rentería-Machado Yinerla , Palacios-Mosquera Leison , Mantilla-Meluk Hugo , Jiménez-Ortega Alex Mauricio
Published: April 2018

La selección de hojas para la construcción de tiendas por parte de algunas especies de murciélagos frugívoros de la familia Phyllstomidae es uno de los ejemplos más interesantes de la relación entre planta y animal. Las especies de plantas utilizadas para este fin están determinadas, en gran medida, por la región biogeográfica que habitan las especies. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir los patrones de selección y utilización de plantas como tiendas por murciélagos que acampan en hojas en la selva pluvial central del Chocó, Colombia. Para ello se hicieron muestreos en bosques primarios de la localidad de Pacurita, en el municipio de Quibdó. La búsqueda y la localización de las tiendas se hicieron en recorridos al azar en el interior del bosque a lo largo de senderos naturales, caminos y orillas de quebradas. Cada tienda localizada se georreferenció, y la especie de las plantas utilizadas se registró, así como la altura desde el suelo, el estado de habitabilidad, la ocupación y la temperatura (registrada con un termómetro laser). Las tiendas se clasificaron según su arquitectura, y en los que estaban habitados se hicieron capturas de ejemplares con redes manuales. Se registraron 114 tiendas en 12 especies de plantas, siendo la palma Attalea allenii la más utilizada. Se reporta por primera vez la utilización de Vismia laevis, A. allenii, Iriarte deltoidea, Aniba puchury minor y Heliconia atratensis en tiendas de los tipos bífido (65,8 %), apical (20,1 %), cónico (11,4 %) y bote (2,6 %). Se encontraron cuatro tiendas habitadas, en las cuales se capturaron siete individuos de Dermanura rosenbergi. Los resultados sugieren que el tipo de tienda está más relacionado con la especie de planta que con la de los murciélagos, ya que D. rosembergi se encontró en varios tipos de tiendas, en tanto que en cada especie de planta solo se registró un tipo de tienda. © 2018. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.
Residual stresses and fatigue resistance of toothed wheels
Authors: Vakulyuk V. S. , Kovalkin Yu. P. , Sazanov V. P. , Shadrin V. K.
Published: April 2018

Residual stresses in the dangerous section of toothed wheels made of materials and according to practices accepted in aviation engine construction have been determined using a mechanical method. The influence of the technology of manufacturing of toothed wheels, thermo-chemical treatment, hardening and coating on the residual stresses has been examined. Current technologies of manufacturing toothed wheels lead to significant dispersion of residual stresses, especially after thermo-chemical treatment. Therefore, the results have been statistically processed for each batch of parts and the average values are shown on the residual stress diagrams. We demonstrate the possibility of determining residual stress distribution in the dangerous section of a wheel tooth by the initial deformations of the reference specimen, which makes it possible to keep the part under examination unimpaired. A plate made of the same material as the toothed wheel and hardened simultaneously with the part under examination was used as a reference specimen. The influence of residual stresses on the fatigue resistance of toothed wheels by the average integral residual stresses criterion that takes into account both the value of residual stresses and the nature of their distribution in the dangerous section of toothed wheels was examined.
Rotor-pendulum self-synchronization of parametrical vibration generators on an isotropic elastic foundation
Authors: Koshelev A. V. , Dentsov N. N.
Published: April 2018

Significant improvement of dynamic characteristics of vibration machines on the basis of the use of resonant oscillatory systems with two or more degrees of freedom is proposed. It is shown that reasonable complication of models due to the increase in the number of degrees of freedom, taking account of nonlinearity makes it possible to increase reciprocal enhancement of vibrations of partial subsystems and to open additional opportunities in the development of new equipment and technologies. The involvement of objects of an oscillatory system in collective interaction is achieved on the basis of using compound resonances which occur in coupled systems only. Combination parametric resonance caused by pair-wise interaction of free modes of oscillations represents this kind of resonance. The results of theoretical and experimental studies of self-synchronization of parametric rotor-pendulum vibration generators installed on a common elastic isotropic foundation are presented in the paper. The dynamic model of a vibration machine is represented by a set of peer interacting nonlinear oscillators (pendulums) under resonant excitement of which the Huygens's effect, that is, pendulum clock-type self-synchronization (pendulum self-synchronization) occurs. One or several oscillators perform the functions of the working body of the vibration machine. Other oscillators of this system act as the inertial element of a rotor-pendulum vibration generator. It is shown that in the case of combined action of at least two rotors-pendulum vibration generators unbalanced rotor-type self-synchronization (rotor self-synchronization) takes place. Thus, the device under examination at the same time combines rotor and pendulum self-synchronization. The results of numerical modeling in the form of amplitude-frequency characteristics and dependences of generation frequencies on the frequency of parametric excitation are presented. It is established that the amplitude of the working body oscillations, due to resonant interactions with the generator pendulums, underreacts to an increase in damping. The sum of natural frequencies of pendulums and the working body meets the condition of combination parametric resonance over the whole range of the instability region.
Arrangement of data for the formation of a multidimensional array of essential insights in automated enterprise management system
Authors: Kartamyshev A. S.
Published: April 2018

The article proposes a way of organizing and storing information to generate a multidimensional array of related current data that reflect a documented fact of performing economic operations in a common information space. The proposed method is based on structuring the data conforming to primary documents, detailed to logically complete economic operations and rigidly interconnected. The essence of the method is discussed in the paper. The experience of creating an automated control system on the basis of the developed method of organizing and storing data on economic activity is described. We propose to use the resulting array of structured data for integration with functional accounting systems to automate basic processes in enterprise management on the basis of the generated OLAP system. Examples of external influences on the automated control systems and ways of troubleshooting are described. Conclusions about the positive effect of introducing an automated system of enterprise management based on the developed method of organizing and storing actual data about purchases, sales and own expenses, as well as their relationship to functional automated systems are drawn.
Determination of spacecraft antenna directivity pattern with the use of an Earth-based station
Authors: Vasyutkina O. V. , Vopilin A. V. , Raduchev S. V. , Khalilov R. R. , Yakunin V. S.
Published: April 2018

The problem of defining characteristics of the spacecraft antenna directivity pattern is considered in the paper. The solution of the problem will make it possible to estimate changes of antenna parameters with time. A method of defining the spacecraft antenna directivity pattern with the use of the earth-based data receiving stations is proposed for solving the problem. The results of simulation modeling of distribution of electromagnetic radiation over the Earth's surface for different routes of flight are presented in the paper. These results show the possibility of using an earth-based data receiving station for the construction of the spacecraft antenna directivity pattern. An algorithm of calculating parts of the direction characteristic with their subsequent integration is given in the article. The conditions limiting the accuracy of the proposed method as well as the ways of speeding up the construction of the spacecraft antenna directivity pattern are determined. Approbation of the proposed method through the example of the antenna of the small spacecraft AIST-2D is discussed. The directivity pattern of the antenna of the radio data link for transmitting target information of the satellite was constructed for this purpose and characteristic parts of the antenna directivity pattern are defined. The results of the comparative experiment with changes in the antenna radiation direction and definition of changes in information reception characteristics are presented.
Estimation of systematic errors in the results of navigational measurements with the use of spacecraft robot onboard facilities
Authors: Golyakov A. D. , Richnyak A. M.
Published: April 2018

The article presents the results of an analytical study of the accuracy of estimating systematic optical errors of onboard navigation measurements that, along with the vector characterizing the motion of the center of mass of the space robot, are included in the vector of the parameters to be specified. The range to the orbital reference point, the relative speed of its motion and the angles between the directions to the orbital landmark and to the navigational stars, one of which is in the plane of the space robots orbit, and the direction to the second one coincides with the normal to this plane are chosen as the primary navigation parameters to be measured by the space robot onboard facilities. The conditions that make it possible to specify the augmented vector of the parameters to be determined are defined. Estimating the systematic errors of measurements we make assumptions about the central gravitational field of the Earth, the normal law of measurement errors with known variances and the constancy of the unknown systematic errors. Analytical expressions of the covariance matrices that make it possible to estimate the maximum achievable accuracy of solving the task depending on the kind of navigational measurements, variances of measurement errors and the number of measurements during a selected measuring interval are obtained. The presented results can be applied to justify the ways of improving the accuracy of the autonomous navigation of a space robot in diagnosing the technical condition of an orbital object.
Photoelectric converters in the power supply system of an atmospheric pseudo satellite
Authors: Kovalyov M. A. , Zelensky V. A. , Nazarov A. A. , Оvаkimyan D. N. , Мirzoev R. M.
Published: April 2018

Unmanned aerial vehicles have enormous potential and prospects in expanding the field of application from photo and video to providing cellular communications and relaying signals. An atmospheric pseudo satellite that is expected to function exclusively at the expense of solar energy is being developed at S.P. Korolyov Samara National Research University. A study of the efficiency of using photoelectric converters in the onboard equipment of an atmospheric pseudo satellite based on the unmanned aerial vehicle Foton-601 was carried out. A comparative analysis of various types of photovoltaic converters made of amorphous silicon was performed. A mathematical model was developed and the area of solar cells coating required to generate sufficient power was calculated. The mass of the solar cells for the appropriate coating area was calculated. Also, in order to reduce the mass of an unmanned aerial vehicle and, as a result, its energy consumption, a method of mathematical calculation to determine minimum and sufficient required battery capacity was developed, on the basis of the maximum amount of solar energy that can be converted within 24 hours. The results of flight tests were analyzed and the prospects for the use of photoelectric converters as components of solar cells of atmospheric pseudo satellites were specified.
Розпізнавання друкованих цифр з використанням послідовного ймовірнісного критерія
Authors: Kharchenko Volodymyr , Chyrka Iurii
Published: April 2018

Мета: представлені результати досліджень спрямовані на краще розуміння методів комп’ютерного зору та їхніх можливостей. Статистичний класифікатор та штучна нейронна мережа дозволяють обробляти типові об’єкти з простими дескрипторами. Методи дослідження: розглянуті методи базуються на теорії ймовірності, теорії оптимізації, ядерній оцінці щільності ймовірності та комп'ютерному моделюванні як засобі апробації. Результати: розглянута архітектура штучної нейронної мережі має перевагу у порівнянні зі статистичним методом завдяки кращій здатності до класифікації. Представлені результати експериментальної перевірки доводять цю перевагу і у випадку одиничного спостереження, і при послідовному сценарії. Обговорення: підхід може бути реалізований у багатьох системах комп’ютерного зору, що оглядають друкований текст в складних шумових умовах.
Дослідження впливу інтерференції лопаткових вінців на втрати в ступені осьового компресора
Authors: Tereshchenko Yuriy M. , Doroshenko Ekaterina , Tereshchenko Yuriy Yu. , Gumenyuk Pavel
Published: April 2018

Мета: дослідження втрат повного тиску у вхідному напрямному апараті, в робочому колесі й напрямному апараті ступеня осьового компресора з урахуванням їх газодинамічної інтерференції. Метод дослідження: дослідження виконано методом чисельного моделювання тривимірної течії в ступені осьового компресора. Побудовано неструктуровану адаптивну розрахункову сітку. Газодинамічний розрахунок течії в ступені осьового компресора виконано з використанням системи рівнянь Нав’є – Стокса, яка замикалася моделлю турбулентної в’язкості SST. Результати: було проведено серію газодинамічних розрахунків течії при різних значеннях осьової швидкості на вході в ступінь компресора. Колова швидкість на периферійному радіусі на розрахунковому режимі складала u=238.64 м/с. Коефіцієнт швидкості на вході в ступінь змінювався в діапазоні =0.35…0.7. За результатами розрахунку побудовано залежності коефіцієнтів втрат повного тиску від коефіцієнта швидкості на вході для вхідного напрямного апарату, робочого колеса і напрямного апарату. Аналіз результатів дослідження показує, що найбільший внесок у загальний баланс втрат повного тиску вносять втрати в напрямному апараті. Обговорення: унаслідок газодинамічної інтерференції робочого колеса і напрямного апарату відбувається збільшення втрат в напрямному апараті. Взаємний вплив лопаткових вінців робочого колеса і напрямного апарату призводить до суттєвої трансформації швидкостей і тисків в міжлопаткових каналах. Як наслідок, має місце перерозподілення втрат, обумовлених коловою і радіальною нерівномірністю потоку, кінцевими перетіканнями і дією відцентрових сил. Можна очікувати, що зменшення рівня втрат в ступені осьового компресора можна забезпечити шляхом впливу на пограничний шар в кінцевому зазорі робочого колеса.
Особливості розрахунку для процесів екстракції матеріального балансу трьохфазних сумішей
Authors: Glybin Vitaliy , Kuznetsova Olena
Published: April 2018

Мета: Вдосконалення алгоритму розрахунку рівноваги рідина-рідина-пара для бінарних та трьохкомпонентних сумішей (для процесів екстракції). Методи: Аналіз фазових діаграм, моделювання відсікання частини рівноважної фази, алгебраїчні перетворення системи рівнянь задачі одноразового випаровування трьохфазної суміші заданого складу. Результати: Для двох типів фазових діаграм двокомпонентних сумішей з обмеженою розчинністю компонентів в рідкій фазі отримані обмеження на можливі значення молярних часток парової та двох рідких фаз за умов рівноваги рідина-рідина-пара  для суміші заданого загального складу. Для трьохкомпонентних сумішей отримані аналітичні вирази для розрахунку складів трьох фаз за заданими двома наборами коефіцієнтів розподілу. Отримані формули для розрахунку молярних часток парової та двох рідких фаз за заданим загальним складом суміші. Наведені формули застосовані для розрахунку трьохфазної рівноваги суміші бутилен-н-бутан-вода на підставі законів Рауля та Генрі. Обговорення: Для трьохкомпонентних сумішей для орієнтовних розрахунків можна застосувати отримані формули як для визначення складів співіснуючих рівноважних фаз, так і для визначення молярних часток фаз. Для бінарних сумішей доцільно доповнити вхідну інформацію задачі одноразового випаровування суміші заданого складу припустимим значенням молярної частки парової фази.
Вплив біотину на ріст та розвиток бактерій Lactobacillus plantarum
Authors: Bondarchuk Natalia , Reshetniak Liudmila
Published: April 2018

Мета: вивчити вплив біотину на життєдіяльність молочнокислих бактерій. Методи: об’єктом дослідження були молочнокислі бактерії Lactobacillus  plantarum, які виділили з пробіотика «Флактонія». Для культивування бактерій використовували селективні поживні середовища: МРС та капустяне. Для стимуляції росту бактерій Lactobacillus plantarum в середовища додавали 5 мг/л біотину. Контролем були вище названі середовища  без стимулятору росту. Дослідження включали вивчення динаміки накопичення бактерій Lactobacillus  plantarum. Для цього протягом 60 годин проводили відбір проб: кожні 6 годин визначали біомасу, активну кислотність та кінетичні параметри росту культур: швидкість експоненціонального росту (μ, год–1), константа швидкості ділення (V, год–1), час генерації (g, год). Виділення молочнокислих мікроорганізмів проводили методом багатосерійних розведень. Посіви інкубували протягом 2-3 діб при температурі 37 0С. Кількість колоній підраховували по трьом останнім розведенням, в яких спостерігали ріст молочнокислих бактерій. рН визначали потенціометрично за допомогою мембранного рН-метра. Бактеріальну біомасу визначали нефелометричним методом. Оптичну густину  суспензії вимірювали при 590 нм. Біомасу виражали в мг сухих клітин на мл середовища. Для розрахунку використовували калібрувальну криву залежності оптичної густини культуральної рідини від біомаси. Результати: у статті досліджено вплив стимулятора росту біотину (вітамін Н) на життєдіяльність, накопичення біомаси та параметри культивування молочнокислих бактерій Lactobacillus plantarum. Результати  досліджень свідчать про те, що при внесенні біотину в капустяне середовище та середовище МРС  збільшується константа швидкості ділення клітини та зменшується час генерації. В даних середовищах зі стимулятором росту кількість біомаси збільшилась в капустяному на 76% і в МРС на 50% порівняно з контролем. Кількість колонієутворюючих організмів (КУО) на капустяному середовищі, була  на 42%, а на середовищі МРС на 28% вища ніж в контролі (без біотину).
Метод рідинної хроматографії – подвійної мас-спектрометрії для визначення еніатинів А, А1, Б, Б1 та бюварицину у озимій пшениці
Authors: Pylypenko Oksana , Baranovsky Mikhail
Published: April 2018

Мета: удосконалити та перевірити метод рідинної хроматографії – подвійної мас-спектрометрії для визначення мікотоксинів, що продукують гриби роду Fusarium, а саме еніатинів А, А1, Б, Б1 та бюварицину. Методи: у статті розглядається аналітичний метод, оснований на об’єднанні високо-ефективної рідинної хроматографії з подвійною мас-спектрометрією для швидкого розділення, ідентифікації та кількісного визначення мікотоксинів у зразку. Результати: доведено, що запропонований метод є точним, вибірковим та швидким для ідентифікації та визначення низько-молекулярних сполук, накопичених у зерні у малій кількості. Обговорення: підтверджено, що метод рідинної хроматографії – подвійної мас-спектрометрії є ефективним для визначення вмісту мікотоксинів у малих концентраціях. Діапазони валідації методу для аналітів порівняні із науковими роботами на подібну тему минулих років.
Ultra Yüksek Performanslı Lifli Beton İçeren Kirişlerin Eğilme Davranışı
Authors: TÜRKER Kaan , BİROL Tamer , YAVAŞ Altuğ , HASGÜL Umut , YAZICI Halit
Published: April 2018

Çalışmada, betonarme kirişlerde Ultra Yüksek Perfromanslı Lifli Beton (UYPLB)
kullanımının, kiriş sünekliği, taşıma kapasitesi, eğilme rijitliği, kırılma şekilleri
ve çatlak davranışı üzerindeki etkileri deneysel olarak incelenmiştir.   Bunun için dikdörtgen enkesitli 150x250x2500mm
boyutlarında test kirişleri kullanılmıştır. 
Beton içeriğinde düz mikro ve kancalı makro boyutta çelik lifler karma
olarak kullanılmış ve ortalama 161 MPa’lık basınç dayanımı elde edilmiştir.  Düşük ve yüksek dört farklı çekme donatısı
oranına sahip lifli ve lifsiz toplam dokuz adet betonarme test kirişi üzerinde
dört noktalı eğilme testleri gerçekleştirilmiş ve salt eğilme davranışları incelenmiştir. Çalışmadan
elde edilen sonuçlar, kirişlerde UYPLB kullanımının incelenen parametreler
bakımından önemli avantajlar sağladığını göstermiştir.
Nermi Uygur’un Yaşam Temelli Felsefe Anlayışı
Authors: KAHRAMAN Yakup
Published: April 2018

Modern Türk düşüncesini iki döneme ayırır isek bu

dönemlerden ilki pozitivist paradigmanın hâkim olduğu cumhuriyetin ilk elli

yılıdır. Bu dönemde yapılan felsefi çalışmalar genellikle doğa bilimsel yönteme

göre şekillenmiştir. Ayrıca Aydınlanmacı yaklaşımın da popüler olduğu

söylenebilir. Bu dönemde verimli eserler meydana getirmiş olan Nermi Uygur ise

özellikle Husserl’in fenomenoloji temelli felsefi yaklaşımını benimseyerek

farklı bir çığır açmıştır. Uygur’un bu dönemde yaşam temelli bir anlayış ortaya

koyması ve her bir yaşam perspektifini felsefi açıdan değerli bulması dikkate

değerdir. Bu çalışmada Uygur’un fenomenoloji temelli felsefe yaklaşımının

otantik, diyalojik nitelikleri ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Böylece düşünce

geleneğimizde aydınlanmacı, pozitivist paradigmanın yanı sıra farklı seslerin

olduğu gösterilmiştir.
Theory-Informed Research Training and Mentoring of Underrepresented Early-Career Faculty at Teaching-Intensive Institutions: The Obesity Health Disparities PRIDE Program
Authors: Beech Bettina M. , Bruce Marino A. , Thorpe, Jr Roland J. , Heitman Elizabeth , Griffith Derek M. , Norris Keith C.
Published: April 2018

Mentoring has been consistently identi­fied as an important element for career advancement in many biomedical and health professional disciplines and has been found to be critical for success and promotion in academic settings. Early-career faculty from groups underrepresented in biomedical research, however, are less likely to have mentors, and in general, receive less mentoring than their majority-group peers, particularly among those employed in teaching-intensive institutions. This article describes Obesity Health Disparities (OHD) PRIDE, a theoretically and concep­tually based research training and men­toring program designed for early-career faculty who trained or are employed at Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs).

Ethn Dis. 2018;28(2):115-122; doi:10.18865/ed.28.2.115.  
How Incarceration Influences Native-Born Black Men’s Risk of Obesity
Authors: Brown Tony N. , Culver Julian , Bento Asia
Published: April 2018

 Objective: To build upon research that inves­tigates the health significance of familial and former incarceration with special emphasis on obesity risk among native-born Black (ie, African American) men.

Methods: We analyzed data from the 2001-2003 National Survey of American Life (NSAL), focusing on native-born Black men (n=1140), the demographic group that bears the brunt of mass incarceration. The out­come of interest was obesity as measured by body mass index (BMI)>30. Principal predic­tors were familial and former incarceration, and their statistical interaction.

Results: In survey-adjusted binomial logistic regression models, familial incarceration ap­peared an unimportant predictor; whereas, former incarceration associated with a lower risk of obesity. However, former incarceration modifies the association between familial incarceration and obesity, such that native-born Black men experiencing both familial and former incarceration were significantly more likely to be obese.

Conclusions: Public health researchers should treat former incarceration with greater care in studies including native-born Black men because time spent incarcerated has lingering physical health significance.

Ethn Dis. 2018;28(2):69-74; doi:10.18865/ ed.28.2.69.
Sistas Inspiring Sistas Through Activity and Support (SISTAS): Study Design and Demographics of Participants
Authors: Bevel Malcolm , Babatunde Oluwole A. , Heiney Sue P. , Brandt Heather M. , Wirth Michael D. , Hurley Thomas G. , Khan Samira , Johnson Hiluv , Wineglass Cassandra M. , Warren Tatiana Y. , Murphy E. Angela , Sercy Erica , Thomas Amanda S. , Hebert James R. , Adams Swann Arp
Published: April 2018

Introduction: Recruiting racial, ethnic, and other underserved minorities into conven­tional clinic-based and other trials is known to be challenging. The Sistas Inspiring Sistas Through Activity and Support (SISTAS) Pro­gram was a one-year randomized controlled trial (RCT) to promote physical activity and healthy eating among AA women in SC to reduce inflammatory biomarkers, which are linked to increased breast cancer (BrCa) risk and mortality. This study describes the development, recruitment, and imple­mentation of the SISTAS clinical trial and provides baseline characteristics of the study participants.

Methods: SISTAS was developed using community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches. At baseline, study participants completed assessments and underwent clinical measurements and blood draws to measure C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Participants randomized to the intervention received 12 weekly classes followed by nine monthly booster sessions. Post-intervention mea­surements were assessed at 12-week and 12-month follow-ups.

Results: We recruited a total of 337 women who tended to: be middle-aged (mean age 48.2 years); have some college education; be employed full-time; have Medicare as their primary insurance; be non-smokers; and perceive their personal health as good. On average, the women were pre-hyper­tensive at baseline (mean systolic blood pressure = 133.9 mm Hg; mean diastolic blood pressure = 84.0 mm Hg) and mor­bidly obese (mean BMI >40.0 kg/m2); the mean fat mass and fat-free mass among participants were 106.4 lb and 121.0 lb, respectively.

Conclusion: The SISTAS RCT addresses some of the gaps in the literature with respect to CBPR interventions target­ing AA women, such as implementing diet and physical activity in CBPR-based studies to decrease BrCa risk.

Ethn Dis. 2018;28(2):75-84; doi:10.18865/ ed.28.2.75.
Estratégias interpretativas nos oito primeiros compassos da Sonata op. 2 nº 1 para piano de Beethoven – uma análise comparativa de treze gravações de diferentes épocas
Authors: Costa Mirna Azevedo , Hartmann Ernesto
Published: April 2018

Investigamos, no presente trabalho, as possíveis relações entre a estrutura dos oito primeiros compassos da Sonata op. 2 nº 1 para piano de Ludwig van Beethoven – identificada por Arnold Schoenberg como “sentença” – e as estratégias interpretativas tal qual averiguadas em treze registros de áudio por renomados pianistas de 1930 até 2006. A partir do confronto destas duas perspectivas de leitura da obra (a análise e a performance), buscamos identificar se houve e quais foram as diretrizes gerais que nortearam as escolhas interpretativas do grupo selecionado através da análise dos registros. Percebeu-se uma relação direta entre determinadas estratégias de manipulação do tempo e da agógica que, mesmo que paradoxalmente contraditórias, quando observadas em conjunto, conduziram para a conclusão de que a construção do tensionamento em direção a um ponto culminante universalmente aceito foi o fator determinante para as escolhas interpretativas.
Si-Disordering in MgAl2O4-Spinel at High P-T Conditions, with Implication to Si-Mg Disorder in Mg2SiO4-Ringwoodite
Authors: Liu Liping , Liu Xi , Bao Xinjian , He Qiang , Yan Wei , Ma Yunlu , He Mingyue , Tao Renbiao , Zou Ruqiang
Published: April 2018

A series of Si-bearing MgAl2O4-spinels were synthesized at 1500-1650 °C and 3–6 GPa. These spinels had SiO2 contents up to ~1.03 wt%, and showed a substitution mechanism of Si4+ + Mg2+ = 2Al3+. Unpolarized Raman spectra were collected from polished single grains, and displayed a set of well-defined Raman peaks at ~610, 823, 856 and 968 cm-1 which had not been observed before. Aided with the Raman features of natural Si-free MgAl2O4-spinel, synthetic Si-free MgAl2O4-spinel, natural low quartz, synthetic coesite, synthetic stishovite and synthetic forsterite, we infer that these Raman peaks should belong to the SiO4 groups. The relations between the Raman intensities and SiO2 contents of the Si-bearing MgAl2O4-spinels suggest that at some P-T conditions some Si must adopt the M-site. Unlike the SiO4 groups with very intense Raman signals, the SiO6 groups are largely Raman-inactive. We have further found that the Si cations primarily appear on the T-site at P-T conditions ≤ ~3–4 GPa and 1500 °C, but attain a random distribution between the T-site and M-site at P-T conditions ≥ ~5–6 GPa and 1630–1650 °C. This Si-disordering process observed for the Si-bearing MgAl2O4-spinels hints that similar Si-disordering might happen to the (Mg,Fe)2SiO4-spinels (ringwoodite), the major phase in the lower part of the mantle transition zone of the Earth and the index mineral for the very strong shock stage experienced by extraterrestrial materials. The likely consequences have been explored.
A Virus in American Blackcurrant (Ribes americanum) with Distinct Genome Features Reshapes Classification in the Tymovirales
Authors: Thekke-Veetil Thanuja , Ho Thien , Postman Joseph D. , Martin Robert R. , Tzanetakis Ioannis E.
Published: April 2018

A novel virus with distinct genome features was discovered by high throughput sequencing in a symptomatic blackcurrant plant. The virus tentatively named as blackcurrant virus A (BCVA) has distinct genome organization and molecular features bridging genera in the order Tymovirales. The genome consists of 7106 nucleotides excluding the poly(A) tail. Five open reading frames were identified with the first encoding a putative viral replicase with methyl transferase (MTR), AlkB, helicase and RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domains. The other four putative proteins exhibit no significant homology to other virus proteins. The genome organization downstream of the replicase resembles that of members of the order Tymovirales with an unconventional triple gene block (TGB) movement protein arrangement. Phylogenetic analysis using replicase conserved motifs loosely placed BCVA within the Betaflexiviridae whereas it was evolutionarily distant to existing members of the family when using the putative TGBp 1-like and coat protein sequences. Our analysis strongly suggests that BCVA is a novel virus that should be classified as a species in a new genus in the Betaflexiviridae or a new family in the order Tymovirales.
Electricity Price Forecasting Using Recurrent Neural Networks
Authors: Ugurlu Umut , Oksuz Ilkay , Tas Oktay
Published: April 2018

Accurate electricity price forecasting has become a substantial requirement since the liberalization of the electricity markets. Due to the challenging nature of the electricity prices, which includes high volatility, sharp price spikes and seasonality, various types of electricity price forecasting models still compete and can not outperform each other consistently. Neural Networks have been successfully used in machine learning problems and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have been proposed to address time-dependent learning problems. In particular, Long Short Term Memory and Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) are tailor-made for time series price estimation. In this paper, we propose to use Gated Recurrent Units as a new technique for electricity price forecasting. We have trained a variety of algorithms with rolling 3-year window and compared the results with the RNNs. In our experiments, 3-layered GRUs outperformed all other neural network structures and state of the art statistical techniques in a statistically significant manner in the Turkish day-ahead market.
Exact solutions for the axial pressure drop in isothermal channels with maxwell slip flow
Authors: Hoffmann Alex Christian , Karakitsiou Stamatina , Holst Bodil
Published: April 2018

Expressions for the axial pressure profiles in a cylindrical channel and between parallel plates or a rectangular channel with large aspect ratio, with Maxwell slip gas flow are derived from first principles. The resulting expressions, which only involve the inlet and outlet pressures and the channel dimensions, will be useful in modelling or simulations of channel flows at Knudsen numbers in the range 0.001–0.1, such as in MEMS and NEMS. The expression for a cylindrical channel is validated by deriving from it an expression for the channel mass flow, which is shown to agree with a known expression for the mass flow through cylindrical channels with Maxwell slip flow. The expression for flow between parallel plates is found to agree with the zeroth order relation derived by Arkilic et al. using perturbation analysis. The effect of the accommodation coefficient on the pressure profile in a cylindrical channel is shown.