bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Postharvest management of apple quality
Authors:   Edith Cowan University, Australia, Singh Zora , Yadav Tokala Vijay ,   The Postharvest Education Foundation, USA, Ul Hasan Mahmood ,   Edith Cowan University, Australia, Woodward Andrew ,   Edith Cowan University, Australia
Published: February 2024

This chapter briefly focuses on various aspects of postharvest management of apple fruit quality, including harvest maturity, pre-cooling, storage (conventional cold storage, control atmosphere and dynamic control atmosphere), packaging, ethylene and respiration management by using pre-storage ripening controlling treatments such as 1-methylcyclopropene and description of the control measures of most prevalent postharvest physiological disorders during the entire supply chain of apple fruit.
VERTICAL STRATIFICATION OF SOME FAMILIES OF DIPTERA IN TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FORESTS (CENTRE OF EUROPEAN RUSSIA) : THE USE OF BEER TRAPS
Authors: RUCHIN ALEXANDER B. , KHAPUGIN ANATOLIY A. , ESIN MIKHAIL N.
Published: February 2024

Diptera is a crucial component of temperate forest systems in Europe. Vertical distribution of Diptera in forests is still insufficiently studied and there are many unanswered questions. The study has been conducted in the Republic of Mordovia (central European Russia). To collect insects, traps with beer and sugar bait were used. Collections were made during the period of June–September 2020 in four sites in deciduous forests. The maximum number of Diptera specimens has been collected at the height of 1.5 m from the ground level, and the minimum at the height of 3.5 m. Species from eight families (Anisopodidae, Calliphoridae, Drosophilidae, Fanniidae, Lonchaeidae, Milichiidae, Muscidae, Tipulidae) represent the main part of the sampled specimens. Calliphoridae, Drosophilidae, Dryomyzidae and Tipulidae, were most abundant at the height of 1.5 m from ground level. At the height of 12 m in the canopy, Anthomyiidae, Chloropidae, Lonchaeidae, Milichiidae, Periscelididae and Syrphidae were most abundant. Numbers of Fanniidae and Muscidae were almost equal at all heights. The species diversity of Muscidae was represented in the traps by 10 well-recofnized species. The most abundant species was Phaonia pallida (70.7%). Two species Thricops simplex (12.2%) and Muscina pascuorum (5.8%) were less abundant. Thricops simplex showed the greatest confinement to the height of 1.5 m, while Phaonia pallida increased in abundance from lower to higher levels of the forest community. The vertical distribution of Muscina pascuorum did not depend on the height of the trap. Key Words: beer trap, Mordovia State Nature Reserve, insects, dynamics, number
The influence of storage conditions and total DNA extraction protocol on the results of molecular analysis of the European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus L.)
Authors: Devetak Zina , Kavčič Andreja , de Groot Maarten , Piškur Barbara
Published: February 2024

One of the key steps of the molecular identification of bark beetles is obtaining a sufficient quantity of high-quality DNA extract. In this study, we investigated the influence of different storage procedures for Ips typographus (L.) specimens and various DNA extraction protocols on the quantity and quality of DNA intended for use in molecular diagnostics. Adult beetles were frozen at -20 °C, either dry or in ethanol. We tested four different protocols for DNA extraction. We compared the quantity of extracted DNA and assessed its quality with PCR and Sanger sequencing. Different storage protocols had no significant effect on the quantity of DNA extracted. However, freezing specimens in ethanol provided higher-quality DNA for molecular applications. Only two of the extraction protocols produced sequenceable amplicons, and the difference in the amount of extracted DNA between them was not significant. We propose the optimal combination of storing specimens in ethanol at -20°C and using the Nucleospin Insect DNA extraction kit from Macherey Nagel, enabling a timeefficient identification process.
Problemas actuales de los derechos humanos
Authors: Fariñas Dulce María José
Published: February 2024

Desde la Revista “Derechos y Libertades” se nos convoca a dar nuestra opinión sobre los desafíos a los que se enfrenta el actual discurso de los derechos humanos. La cuestión planteada nos remite a la historicidad del propio concepto de derechos humanos, que no puede sustentarse sobre una razón abstracta, sino sobre una concepción evolutiva, diversa e intercultural del ser humano y de la sociedad. Desafíos han existido siempre y son amplios, pero quizá ahora estamos en un momento de importantes cambios tecnológicos y transiciones energéticas, que demandan un enfoque ético, político y jurídico, para poder intervenir sobre los nuevos conflictos sociales que se derivan de su aplicación.
El discurso de los derechos frente a sus desafíos
Authors: Greco Tommaso
Published: February 2024

Este trabajo incluye algunas reflexiones sobre los desafíos a los derechos que derivan del populismo, de la tecnología y de la geopolítica.
Yerma. Pasado y presente de la vivencia de la infertilidad femenina
Authors: Cuervo Pollán Ana
Published: February 2024

En el presente artículo, se reflexionará sobre la infertilidad. En primer lugar, se tomará como elemento de partida Yerma, pieza dramática en la que la infertilidad de la protagonista es magistralmente diseccionada por su autor, Federico García Lorca. A través de ella, se apuntarán las consecuencias sociales, personales y emocionales que la infertilidad tiene para las mujeres. Del mismo modo, se atenderán las implicaciones de la misma en el caso de los hombres. En segundo lugar, se discutirá si la infertilidad en sí misma es una patología o un estado de la persona que, si no fuera por la carga significativa que conlleva, sería irrelevante en términos de salud y bienestar emocional. Y, en tercer lugar, se debatirá si las Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida han solventado una necesidad o la han creado; si han normalizado la presión por lograr la maternidad o la paternidad sometiendo a las personas, especialmente a las mujeres, a un tratamiento innecesario en cuanto no mejora su estado de salud. Igualmente, se mostrará que la oferta de las técnicas de reproducción asistida está directamente condicionada por el sistema patriarcal y neoliberal. En consecuencia, se subrayará que las consideraciones sobre las mismas no atañen en exclusiva al ámbito médico, sino que deben atender a cuestiones sociales, políticas y éticas.
Diagnosis and Management of Fetal Cervical Masses
Authors: Sousa Bebiana , Oliveira Maria João , Castro Ribeiro , Freitas Ana Cristina , Guedes-Martins Luís
Published: February 2024

N/A.
AUTOIMMUNE OPTIC NEUROPATHY (AON) PROFILE AT OPHTHALMOLOGY OUTPATIENT CLINIC OF A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN SURABAYA, INDONESIA
Authors: Devanty Dwi Santosa  , Lukisiari Agustini  , Artaria Tjempakasari
Published: February 2024

Highlights

Autoimmune optic neuropathy (AON) is one of the diseases that involve the central nervous system (CNS) and can result in disability if not treated quickly and appropriately.
The autoimmune optic neuropathy (AON) patient’s profile, including disease etiology and therapy, is essential to minimize the incidence of AON.

 
Abstract
Background: Autoimmune optic neuropathy (AON) is a kind of optic neuritis that causes progressive and severe vision loss. The presence of an autoimmune disease usually characterizes the diagnosis of this disease. Several autoimmune processes that can cause AON are Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD), Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Immunoglobulin (MOG-IgG), and other disorders, specifically systemic autoimmune disease, such as Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE), Sjogren’s Syndrome, and Sarcoidosis. Risk factors for AON involve young adults and women. Most of the patients received therapy according to the ONTT protocol and underwent outpatient treatment with oral methylprednisolone or prednisone. Objective: The study aimed to obtain the autoimmune optic neuropathy (AON) profile in patients at the Ophthalmology Outpatient Installation of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya, Indonesia, in the 2017-2022 Period. Material and Method: This retrospective descriptive study used medical records; 70 subjects were included. Result: Most subjects suffered from SLE (55.7%) as the cause of AON and received therapy according to the ONTT protocol, namely oral methylprednisolone or prednisone (67.1%) with outpatient therapy. Some patients were given other therapies (25.7%), such as mecobalamin and other B complex vitamins. Conclusion: AON is an uncommon condition. However, if not treated promptly and effectively, it can result in handicaps. This study may serve as a reference for future relevant research and as an attempt to prevent the disease.
ARE THE GINGIVAL DISPLAY AND THE SMILE ARC IN MALES AND FEMALES DIFFERENT?
Authors: Wita Anggraini  , Indrani Sulistyowati  , Annisaa Putri Ariyani  , Stephany Alexandra
Published: February 2024

Highlights

Gingival display and smile arc enhance the aesthetic value of a person's smile and may be influenced through dental treatment.
The individual profile photographs taken during social smiles can be used to evaluate dental treatment plans.

 
Abstract
Background: An aesthetic smile is part of a person's attraction and affects their level of psychosocial well-being. Gingival display and smile arc belong to smile components that enhance the aesthetic value of a person's smile. Objective: To determine the differences in gingival display and smile arc in social smiles between males and females. Material and method: This analytical observational study was conducted with a cross-sectional design. A total of 110 photographs (55 males and 55 females) of study subjects who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were taken directly by Canon EOS-600D while performing social smile poses. The CorelDraw Graphic Suite 2022 measured gingival appearance and smile curves. The Chi-square test was performed to analyze the differences in gingival display and smile arc between males and females. Result: Based on gingival display, social smiles between genders were categorized into moderate (56.4% males and 58.2% females), low (30.9% males and 20% females), high (9.1% males and 18.2% females), and very high (3.6% males and females) smile lines. Social smiles based on smile arc were categorized into consonant (85.5% males and 96.4% females), straight (10.9% males and 3.6% females), and inverted (3.6% men and 0% women) smiles. No statistical differences were found in gingival display (p=0.397) or smile arc (p=0.113). Conclusion: There were no significant differences in gingival display or smile arc between males and females. Females, on the other hand, had an increased gingival show while smiling and no inverted smile arc.
HYPERSPERMIA, THE OFTEN-NEGLECTED SEMEN ABNORMALITY AFFECTING FECUNDABILITY
Authors: Markus Christian Hartanto  , Cennikon Pakpahan  , Aleksander Try Utomo
Published: February 2024

Highlights

Hyperspermia is often ignored, but it can affect fecundability by diluting sperm and reducing sperm concentration.
Hyperspermia might be associated with genetic causes and male accessory gland infections, but no specific treatment is mentioned to treat this condition.

 
Abstract
Background: Hyperspermia is defined as a seminal volume greater than 6.3 ml. This definition is often ignored by physicians, while it may affect fecundability. Objective: To report a case of an adult with hyperspermia that affects his fecundability and to discuss it with the scoping review’s result. Case: A 30-year-old man came desiring to have a child. He had regular sexual intercourse with his wife for the last 3 months, after living in different cities before. Based on the semen analysis, it was found that he had hyperspermia (volume 8.2 ml) and oligozoospermia (sperm concentration 4.25 million/ml). After taking antioxidants, the seminal volume was lowered, and the couple got pregnant. Method: A scoping review was conducted by using guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). After a comprehensive search based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, only 3 original research were retrieved due to the rarity of articles regarding this topic. Discussion: According to previous studies, hyperspermia can affect fecund-ability by diluting the sperm, causing sperm concentration to be decreased as in this case. Genetic mutation and male accessory gland infection may be contributing factors to hyperspermia. No consensus and studies about the treatment are available. Conclusion: Hyperspermia is a semen parameter alteration that needs to be taken care of to increase fecundability.
Hematolojik Neoplazilerin Karmaşık Genetik Yapısını Aydınlatmada Yeni Nesil Bir Sitogenetik Yaklaşım: Optik Genom Haritalama
Authors: BAYRAK TOKAÇ Ayşe Gül
Published: February 2024

Hematolojik neoplazilerin tanısında ve tedavi yaklaşımlarının belirlenmesinde genetik anomalilerin rolü, konvansiyonel sitogenetik yöntemlerin gelişmesiyle birlikte paralel giden bir araştırma alanı olmuştur. Bu süreç moleküler sitogenetik ve moleküler genetik yöntemler ile farklı bir boyuta taşınmıştır. Bu teknikler çoğu zaman konvansiyonel sitogenetiğin eksik kalan yanlarını tamamlamış ancak yerini alamamıştır. Günümüze geldiğimizde ise Optik Genom Haritalama (OGH), konvansiyonel sitogenetiğin yerini alabilecek en muhtemel aday olarak görünmektedir. OGH, teorik olarak karyotip, FISH ve kromozomal mikroarray yöntemlerini aynı platformda buluşturan yeni nesil bir sitogenetik yaklaşım sergiler. Hücre kültürü gereksinimi ve amplifikasyon gerektirmemesi, hedefe spesifik bir yöntem olmaması en önemli artılarıdır. Klasik yöntemler ile saptanan tüm sayısal ve yapısal anomalileri saptayabilirken aynı zamanda kompleks karyotiplerin yapısını doğru bir şekilde aydınlatabilir. Ayrıca daha önce tanımlanmamış yeni anomaliler de tespit edebilir ki bu durum hematolojik neoplazilerde minimal rezidual hastalık takibinde yeni belirteçlerin bulunmasına olanak tanır. Tüm bunlar hematolojik neoplazili hastaların klinik yönetimine rehberlik edecek önemli unsurlardır. Ancak OGH, kırık noktaları tekrarlayan bölgeleri veya sentromer ve telomer bölgelerini ve psödootozomal bölgeleri içeren anomalileri tespit edemez. Bu yöntemin önemli bir dezavantajıdır. Yine de hematolojik neoplazilerin heterojen genetik yapısını tespit etmede genoma yeni bir sitogenetik yaklaşım sunar. Sonuç olarak sitogenetik açıdan baktığımızda hematolojik neoplazilerde tek başına yıllarca en önemli bilgi aracı olan kromozom analizi, gerekli teknik ve analitik iyileştirmelerin ardından belki de gelecekte yerini OGH’ye bırakacaktır.
A quantitative analysis of publication trends in Iranian medical ethics and a comparison with EMRO countries
Authors: Noroozi Mahshad , Salari Pooneh , Larijani Bagher
Published: February 2024

Background: Evaluating publication trends in a research area helps assess organised scientific efforts in the particular academic field. This study aims to evaluate and compare trends in medical ethics publications in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO) countries. Methods: A scoping review was conducted to identify publication trends of Iranian and EMRO medical ethicists. Databases were searched, including Web of Sciences, Scopus, and PubMed for English language articles, which were published by countries in the World Health Organization EMRO regions. Iranian articles were searched in Persian and English language databases. The search strategy for the bioethics filter created by the Kennedy Institute of Ethics. Duplicate entries, tertiary publications and grey literature were excluded. All retrieved articles were categorised into ten main groups. Citavi software® was used for categorising and extracting articles’ information. Results: A total of 1835 English and Persian articles were obtained. Most (1211, 66%) Iranian publications in medical ethics were in Persian, and the rest (624, 34%) were in English. Most (306, 64.42%) of the published English articles in the EMRO region were authored by Iranian scholars, followed by those from Saudi Arabia (52, 10.95%), Oman (40, 8.42%), Pakistan (28, 5.89%), Lebanon (13, 2.74%), and Egypt (12, 2.53%). Conclusion: The results of this study show that the trend of publication of EMRO countries, especially Iranian publications, is insufficient to respond to national demands in medical ethics. A concept map has been presented to determine research needs in medical ethics. Focusing on national and regional research potentials could synergistically affect medical ethics progress in the EMRO region.
ANALYSIS OF HEAVY METAL EXPOSURE ON HAIR OF RESIDENTS AROUND GUNUNG TUGEL FINAL DISPOSAL SITE AT BANYUMAS REGENCY
Authors: Iresha F M , Kasam K , Nuramadhani D S , Rahmat A
Published: February 2024

Final Disposal Site (FDS) which is a place that is produced from landfills or the final stage in waste processing. Gunung Tugel FDS which is located in Kedungrandu Village, Patikraja District, Banyumas Regency has a source of waste originating from settlements, markets, shops and also industry of 260 m3/day. The existing facilities at the Gunung Tugel FDS have not been maximized because they use the open dumping method, namely the discarded waste is allowed to accumulate without any further processing other than that there is no leachate or leachate disposal. Leachate that is not treated can infiltrate into the ground and contaminate the surrounding groundwater. The study was conducted to determine the concentration of heavy metals Zinc (Zn) and Chromium (Cr) in the hair of the community around the Gunung Tugel FDS, Banyumas Regency and analyze the relationship between length of stay, source of drinking water consumption and the amount of drinking water consumption with heavy metal content in the community around the Gunung Tugel FDS, Banyumas Regency. The number of samples was determined using the distance of residence from the FDS, namely 16 samples. The distance used has 4 retrieval points and 4 repetitions which are at a distance of 500 meters, 1000 meters, 1500 meters and 2000 meters. The results of the analysis of the concentration of Zn in the hair of the people around the Gunung Tugel FDS reached 85.52 – 339.64 µg/g and the concentration of Cr in the sample was in the range of 1.8±0.3 ppm. At point 1 the average concentration obtained is 609.87 mg/kg, this shows that the closer the distance, the faster the exposure to heavy metals produced by the landfill.
CO2 BIO-FIXATION POTENTIAL IN POWER PLANT DEVELOPMENT TOWARDS INDONESIA’S DEEP DECARBONIZATION
Authors: Dewi RG , Siagian UWR , Prasetya KE , Sitanggang SEF , Primananda A , Harisetyawan VTF , Ikhsan IN , Sevie GN
Published: February 2024

Indonesia’s NDC target, both unconditional and conditional, has not significantly contributed to balancing GHG removals and emissions in three-quarters of the 21st century to keep global temperature increases below 1.5 °C. A more in-depth analysis is needed to reduce GHG emissions to preserve global temperatures at 1.5°C. The AIM-ExSS and AIM/Enduse models analyze Indonesia’s long-term (2050) power mitigation through several scenarios. (i) The BaU (Business as Usual) or baseline scenario assumes no effort to improve energy efficiency or add renewable energy since the base year, resulting in additional electricity needs being met by conventional fossil power plants. CM1: extended-conditional NDC (iii) CM2: Extended-unconditional NDC (iv) CM3 is an ambitious power decarbonization scenario. In 2050, CM1 and CM2 reduced GHG emissions by 22% and 24%, respectively. CM3 potentially reduces 2,422 million tons of CO2e, or 92% of the 2050 baseline emissions. CCS (carbon capture and storage) technology is a key technology for deep decarbonization in the power sector. In addition to geologic sequestration, CO2 bio-fixation by cultivating microalgae can be considered as CCS. This study assessed Airlift-Vertigro bio-reactors to cultivate Botryococcus braunii for CO2 bio-fixation and biofuel (microalgal oil), which can be used to achieve carbon neutrality in the power sector.
THE APLICATION OF URBAN INFILL TECHNIQUE ON BUILDING CONCERVATION METHOD WITH A CASE STUDY OF JAVA TRADITIONAL HOUSE IN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Wibisono T K
Published: February 2024

The rapid development of the city tends to create new strategic value in the area so as to encourage changes / shifts in the function of the area and often sacrifice the existence of old buildings in the area. Most of these old buildings were changed/demolish without regard to the historical value and uniqueness of the building/area or genius loci to be converted into new buildings with new functions only because of the reason for the investment value of the new commercial function of the property. Without realizing it, this building change will change the value of the area that has been formed so that the sustainability aspect of the old area stops and loses direction. There are several technical factors of the old building, such as: lay-out / spatial planning, appearance and use of old building materials that do not keep up with the times are often the main causes of this demolition. This demolition problem can actually be reduced in intensity by using the old building revitalization method that applies the urban infill technique of new buildings on the old building site. By using this technique, the existence of the old building can still be maintained while synergizing with the infill building on the new/updated function. However, it is necessary to pay attention to several important factors that determine the application of this urban infill technique, which in this paper tries to reveal what technical factors play an important role through a case study of the application of urban infill in old Javanese traditional houses. The results obtained are several design directions that need to be considered in the application of urban infill building techniques.
STUDY OF FLOOR PLAN ALTERATION OF GORONTALO REGIONAL POLICE FORCE OFFICIAL RESIDENCE
Authors: Sastra R P S , Wijayanti W , Harsritanto B I R
Published: February 2024

Home is a place to live and rest, where we get protection, able to feel comfort, tranquillity, and pleasure. In supporting the performance of the Indonesian National Police, institution provides housing facilities for its members to be used during their service period in the region. In accordance with the National Police Chief Regulation No. 13 of 2018, each member of the National Police has the right to a residence for the duration of their term of office in an area, but ownership of the residence does not escape the regulations in it, one of which is the uniformity of the house according to the prototype of the official house design. Over time, the standard and uniformity of the official residence applied to the prototype of the house changed, both interior and exterior of the house, small or large changes so that the official house looked not uniform. This study analyses the trend of spatial changes that occur in each official residence and the factors causing it by conducting direct surveys and interviews with related parties to determine the percentage of changes. The ownership of the official house that changes according to the period of service of the occupants is one of the factors for this change. According to its function, the official residence is only used during the period of service of its occupants, during which time changes will continue and grow. Uniformity is mandatory, as a National Police facility, it is necessary to innovate in order to minimize design changes, both inside and outside the building.
THE BEAUTIFICATION OF WATERFRONT SOCIO-SPATIAL IN THE HISTORY OF JAKARTA USING STORYTELLING METHOD. CASE STUDY: THE PASAR BARU, JAKARTA
Authors: Meliana S , Blair J , Rachmayanti I , Fajarwati A A S , Fathoni A F C , Rombe O S C
Published: February 2024

The overflow of river water is always unstoppable and becomes a high puddle in the city of Jakarta which will soon relinquish its status as the capital of the Republic of Indonesia. When talking about rivers, it is known that the formation of a city that has rivers and canals cannot be separated from urban planning in the Dutch Colonial era, even earlier in the era of Prince Jayakarta, the first ruler of the city of Batavia. This study aims to find and retell the history of the heyday of rivers in Jakarta in their golden era which were beautiful, clean, livable and became the pride of the city at that time. This research use a qualitative method with storytelling and narrative lines, as well as descriptions. Data collection was obtained from literature sources focussing in the Ciliwung River, Jakarta. The conclusion was closed with a big question: can this beauty be repeated and make the river one of the socio-spatial media in the development of urban planning? What can stakeholders do so that the river becomes an icon of a sustainable urban environment and can be more useful for the community in improving their economy.
DYNAMIC RESPONSE ANALYSIS BASED ON FOUNDATION DIMENSIONS AND MACHINE CAPACITY ON BLOCK-TYPE MACHINE FOUNDATION
Authors: Fitri S N , Surjandari N S , Purwana Y M , Setiawan B , Chrismaningwang G , Dananjaya H
Published: February 2024

The development of Indonesia’s economic sectors and populations leads to huge regional problems, which provide the large community’s electricity needs in several areas. The common solution to this issue is to offer the potential natural resources that are safe for the environment and can be used as a source of electricity, such as a small-scale hydroelectric power plant or a Micro-Hydro Power Plant. This structure requires the dynamic foundations to accept dynamic loads caused by machine movements such as rotation, vertical movement, horizontal movement, and torque. The main objective of this work is to analyse the effect dimension of machine foundation and machine capacity in several conditions. This research was conducted on numerous machine capacity, namely machine 1, 2, and 3, which offers different frequency and weight. The foundation length was designed to range between 4 and 6m, which design a similar embedded foundation at 1m and width of 0.5m. The soil properties were conducted in secondary data with CPT results. The outcome provides that the addition of foundation area reduces the amplitude. The results show a similar trend in three categories; vertical, horizontal, and rocking aspects which generate values of approximately 57%, around 40%, and about 50%, respectively, in all machine types. The higher area and length of the foundation, the smaller amplitude will be.
Pendampingan Guru Madrasah dalam Pendayagunaan Learning Management System Moodle
Authors: Maisyaroh Maisyaroh , Ulfatin Nurul , Juharyanto Juharyanto , Prestiadi Dedi , Ariyanti Nova Syafira , Saputra Bagus Rachmad , Adha Maulana Amirul , Sjaifullah Farid Wadjdi
Published: February 2024

The community service conducted aims to contribute to our partner school, MTs Sunan Kalijogo in Malang City, by providing support for teachers' skills through the utilization of the Learning Management System (LMS) Moodle as a tool for remote learning during the pandemic. The implementation methods include mentoring, training, and workshops. The stages carried out are: (1) preparation, (2) training and workshops, (3) implementation of the results, and (4) evaluation. The results of the community service are as follows: (1) 90% of the participants strongly agree that the use of the Moodle program can assist teachers in conducting online education in the madrasah; (2) 80% of the participants are highly proficient in utilizing the Moodle program for distance learning; and (3) Based on the reflections conducted, participants have gained a strong understanding of using Moodle in the context of online education during the pandemic. This is evident in the high level of interest and enthusiasm displayed by the participants.
Elevating Sustainability in Design: Advancing State-of-the-Art Food Drying Methods to Optimize Efficiency, Preserve Nutritional Value, and Minimize Waste in Contemporary Food Production
Authors: Okechukwu Ezike Ngozika Chinonyerem , Johnson Nnadikwe , Gabriel Salas Balseca , Pooja Parmar
Published: February 2024

Drying foods plays a crucial role in the realm of food production, enabling exploration of new ingredients and innovation in product development. Over the years, there have been significant advancements in pretreatments, procedures, equipment, and quality standards associated with this process. Recent research has demonstrated the potential of cutting-edge drying technologies including microwave or ultrasound aided drying, high electric field drying, heat pump drying, and refractance window drying. These technologies have shown promise in enhancing drying efficiency and effectiveness, while simultaneously preserving the overall quality of the end product need for broader dissemination and implementation of these technologies in the business sector. By leveraging these advanced drying technologies, businesses will not only improve the sustainability of their food production processes but also enhance their overall profitability. This study aims to bridge the gap between research and practice by highlighting the practical viability and benefits of these contemporary drying technologies in the context of food sustainability. By adopting these innovative approaches, businesses can contribute to a more sustainable food system while also gaining a competitive edge in the market.
Candida Variety in the Oral Cavity of Mexican Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and TLR2 Gene Expression
Authors: PEREZ VIELMA NADIA MABEL , GÓMEZ LÓPEZ MODESTO , MARTÍNEZ GODÍNEZ MARÍA DE LOS ANGELES , LUNA TORRES ANA LAURA , DOMÍNGUEZ LÓPEZ AARÓN , MILIAR GARCÍA ANGEL
Published: February 2024

Background: The aim was to diagnose Candida in the oral cavity of subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using a genotyping technique and to compare the results with those from con-ventional diagnosis by Papanicolau (Pap) staining. Methods: Palatal mucosa smears were per-formed in 18 dental care patients diagnosed with T2DM and grade I, II, and III prosthetic stomatitis who met the inclusion criteria; 18 healthy control subjects were also included in the study. He-moglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were determined from total blood. Using exfoliative cytology, the Pap staining technique was used to diagnose candidiasis. Exfoliative cytology was also used for molecular diagnosis; DNA was obtained for Candida genotyping and RNA was used for gene ex-pression studies. Results: Clinical patterns indicated that all subjects were positive for Candida; however, Pap analysis revealed only three positive subjects, whereas end-point polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis revealed fifteen subjects with some type of Candida. The most common Candida species found were Candida guilliermondii (38.8%), Candida krusei (33.3%), Candida tropicalis, and Candida lusitaniae (22.2%). Interestingly, the coexpression of different species of Candida was found in various patients. In all patients, HbA1c levels were increased. Gene expression analysis showed a significant decrease (p ≤ 0.05) in TLR2 expression in positive subjects, whereas TLR4 expression did not differ significantly among patients. Conclusions: The end-point PCR technique showed better sensitivity for diagnosis of Candida when compared with diagnosis by Pap staining. T2DM subjects showed an increased presence of C. guilliermondii that was correlated with decreased TLR2 expression
Intrusion Detection Systems: Categories, attack detection and response.
Authors: Lewandowska Natalia
Published: February 2024

This report covers the analysis of Intrusion Detection Systems nowadays. Therefore, it focuses on the IDS classification, which includes not only a well-known explanation of Network/Host-Based IDS type but also cloud-based solutions. The paper explores ways of intrusion detection, providing examples of the best detecting tools (OSSEC, Snort or Bro (ZEEK)). Another aspect covered in this report is the juxtaposition of three systems: IDS, IPS and IRS and their response. Finally, there will be presented Intrusion Detection Systems' evasion techniques and challenges, followed by critical conclusions.
A Stochastic Sampling Approach to the Measurement Problem
Authors: Yang Yingrui
Published: February 2024

The present paper reports an alternative solution of the measurement problem in quantum theory. The measurement problem can be characterized as that the U procedure verses the R procedure. The R-procedure is tested by the Yes/No measurement originally proposed by von Neuman and discussed in details by Penrose. We propose a novel stochastic sampling method to tackle the measurement paradox. Each testing sample produces a pair of Yes-number c and No-number d, which in turn generates a sample phase with respect to the exponential form of . All the sample phases form a group, write Taking as the sampling potential, the revised Schrödinger equation has the form . This equation has a solution , where is the dynamic phase, while is the sample phase. Based on the Born rule, the probability of a sample is given by the squared magnitude of . Some metaproperties of the new U-R model, such as natural transformation, consistency, and completeness, are presented. The present work provides a new picture of quantum mechanics and alike
CRISPR-Cas Associated Cells and Animal Mediated Biomedical Modelling
Authors: Nazir Taha , A. Mirza Hameed , Rao Nida
Published: February 2024

Gene editing is now easy to make new disease models through in-vivo and in vitro tests. It can potentially be used to make animals with single-gene or multiple-gene changes. The mutant strains with changed germlines are no longer needed with in vivo gene editing, which uses the CRISPR-Cas9 system to target cells of interest in their normal tissues. Whereas, the AAVs and other viral vectors have made it possible to change cells selectively. Gene editing hade made it possible to use human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) to model diseases that run in families. Researchers can compare and contrast the human genomes of many different ethnic and racial groups using this method. Scientists may be able to make a disease in a lab dish using iPSCs from a patient. Using CRISPR, iPSCs made from patient cells can be fixed if they have certain problems. This shows that gene therapy is possible and shows what happens when cells aren't working right. The fact that CRISPR-Cas9 can change the DNA by just one nucleotide has had a huge effect on biological studies. CRISPR is becoming more and more popular, which shows how useful, easy, and effective it is. With the broad use of CRISPR-based apps, the tool is now used for much more than just changing genes. This method can be used to screen the whole genome, control the translation of genes based on their sequence, and edit several genes at the same time. Scientists can now model diseases in different species and learn more about how genes work because of these advances. Genome-wide association studies and genome-editing tools like CRISPR are giving us a good look at the future of personalized medicine.
Simultaneous Detection of Dopamine and Uric Acid at a Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with a Novel Polymerized Copper Phthalocyanine-Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Complex
Authors: Barhoumi Lassaad , Karker Olfa , Nasraoui Salem , Ben Ali Mounir , Kanoun Olfa
Published: February 2024

The dopamine and uric acid are primary products of purine metabolism and they coexist in serum and the extracellular fluid of the central nervous system. Some diseases of the human body are due to abnormal levels of uric acid and dopamine. Thus, the clinical diagnosis of some diseases needs a sensitive and simultaneous analysis of uric acid and dopamine. In this study, a novel conductive composite film containing multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWTs) with cooper phthalocyanine attached to acrylate polymer (MWCNTs-CuMAPC-PnBA) was fabricated and dropped on a glassy carbon electrode and used for the simultaneous determination of Uric Acid (UA) and dopamine (DA). The modified glassy carbon electrode showed satisfactory electrocatalytic activity toward dopamine and uric acid. Low detection limits were achieved at 0.174 µM of DA and 6.87 µM of UA and the linear detection ranges of DA and UA are 5-200 µM and 20-250 µM respectively. The proposed sensing system based on the modified GCE offers promising results for rapid, cost-effective and selective simultaneous detection of uric acid and dopamine. Also, the complex modified electrode showed satisfactory results to detecting simultaneously UA and DA in real human samples (human Urine) via the standard addition method.
Investigating Collaborative Robotic Assembly: A Case Study of the FANUC CRX-10 iA/L in Industrial Automation at i-Labs
Authors: Bajrami Albin , Costa Daniele , Palpaceli Matteo Claudio , Emiliani Federico
Published: February 2024

This study examines the practicality and limitations of using a FANUC CRX-10 iA/l collaborative robot to assemble a product component, highlighting the trade-offs between increased roboisation and reduced manual intervention. Through a detailed case study in the i-Labs laboratory, critical factors affecting precision assembly such as station layout, tooling design and robot programming are discussed. The findings highlight the benefits of robots for non-stop operation, freeing up human operators for higher value tasks despite longer cycle times. In addition, the paper advocates further research into reliable gripping of small components, a current challenge for robotics. The work contributes to open science by sharing partial results and methods that could inform future problem solving in robotic assembly.
A Critical Review of Risk Assessment Models for Listeria monocytogenes in Seafood
Authors: Gonzales-Barron Ursula , Cadavez Vasco , Mota Juliana De Oliveira , Guillier Laurent , Sanaa Moez
Published: February 2024

A review of the published quantitative risk assessment (QRA) models of L. monocytogenes in seafood was performed, with the objective of appraising the effectiveness of the control strategies placed along the food chain. Whereas all the 13 QRA models retrieved were of short scope, covering at most from end of processing to consumption; the majority (85%) focused on smoked or gravad fish. Since the modelled pathways commenced with the packaged product, none of the QRA models addressed cross-contamination events. Many models agreed on the fact that keeping the product’s temperature at 4.0-4.5 ºC leads to greater reductions in the final risk of listeriosis than reducing the shelf life by one week; and that the effectiveness of both measures can be surpassed by reducing the initial occurrence of L. monocytogenes in the product (at the end of processing). It is therefore necessary that future QRA models for RTE seafood contains a processing module that can provide insight into intervention strategies that can retard L. monocytogenes growth, such as the use of bacteriocins, ad-hoc starter cultures and/or organic acids, and other strategies seeking to reduce cross-contamination at the facilities, such as stringent controls for sanitation procedures. Since risk estimates were shown to be moderately driven by growth kinetic parameters, namely, the exponential growth rate, the minimum temperature for growth, and the maximum population density, further work is needed to reduce uncertainties about them.
Meeting at Both Ends Information – Theoretic Semi-group Theory of Uncertain Reasoning
Authors: A. Mageed Ismail
Published: February 2024

This paper provides a first-time ever unification of information theory, semi-group theory with the theory of uncertain reasoning, through functional perspective. Fundamentally, the threshold theorems for the inference functional were devised. Furthermore, numerical experiments are illustrated. The complex proofs in our paper are original results which emphasizes the credibility of the class of Rényi Generalized Entropies as measures of information, and that the field is open to extend an enhanced methodology regarding queuing networks with heavy tails.
A Literature Review of Movement Disorder Associated with Medications and Systemic Diseases
Authors: Pitton Rissardo Jamir , Fornari Caprara Ana Leticia
Published: February 2024

Movement disorders can be associated with various drugs and systemic diseases, posing diagnostic challenges for clinicians. This review explores the spectrum of movement disorders associated with pharmacological agents and medical conditions. Drug-induced movement disorders encompass a broad range of conditions resulting from exposure to medications that affect several neurotransmitters. Neuroleptic medications can lead to tardive dyskinesia, characterized by involuntary, repetitive movements. Antipsychotics and antiemetics, including metoclopramide, may induce acute dystonic reactions. Other drugs, such as dopamine receptor-blocking agents, can contribute to drug-induced parkinsonism. Beyond medications, movement disorders can also arise secondary to systemic diseases. Metabolic disorders like Wilson's disease, characterized by copper accumulation, may manifest as chorea or dystonia. Inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus can result in secondary movement disorders due to autoimmune-mediated processes affecting the central nervous system. Movement disorders linked to drugs or systemic diseases often necessitate a thorough clinical evaluation, including detailed medication histories and comprehensive systemic assessments. Neuroimaging, laboratory investigations, and, in some cases, cerebrospinal fluid analyses and electrodiagnostic studies help in establishing accurate diagnoses. Management involves addressing the underlying cause, modifying medications, and employing symptomatic treatments.
Assessment of Performance and Comparison of Three Commercial HDV RNA Detection Assays: Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment Monitoring
Authors: Illescas-López Marta , Chaves-Blanco Lucía , De Salazar Adolfo , Hernández-Febles Melisa , Carracedo Raquel , Lagarejos Eduardo , Fuentes Ana , Pereira Sara , Cea María , De La Iglesia Alberto , Freyre-Carrillo Carolina , Iborra Asunción , Bernal María del Valle Odero , García-Barrionuevo Aurora , Aguilera Antonio , Pena María José , García Federico
Published: February 2024

Precise HDV-RNA detection and quantification are pivotal for accurate diagnosis and monitoring of response to newly approved treatment. We evaluate the performance of three assays: Hepatitis Delta RT-PCR system, EurobioPlex HDV assay, and the RoboGene HDV RNA Quantification kit 2.0, testing 151 HBsAg-positive samples, 90 HDV-RNA negative and 61 HDV-RNA positive. We also evaluated serial dilutions of the WHO international standard for HDV, PEI 7657/12. Finally, all HDV-RNA positive samples were genotyped using a next-generation sequencing strategy. Qualitative results indicated a 100% concordance between tests. Quantitative results correlated well between tests, r2=0.703 (Vircell-vs-Eurobio), r2=0.833 (Vircell-vs-RoboGene), r2=0.835 (Robogene-vs-Eurobio). Bias index was 2.083 (Vircell-vs-Eurobio), -1.283 (Vircell-vs-RoboGene), and -3.36 (Robogene-vs-Eurobio). Using the WHO IS, Vircell overestimated the viral load by 0.98 log IU/mL, Eurobio by 1.46 log IU/mL, and RoboGene underestimated it by 0.98 log IU/mL. Fifty-nine samples were successfully genotyped (Genotype 1, n=52; Genotype 5, n=7; Genotype 6, n=1), with similar results in terms of correlation and bias. The three assays demonstrate promising performance. Their accuracy, reflected in concordance rates and quantitative analysis, makes them suitable for clinical practice. However, in the absence of assay harmonization, quantitative HDV RNA monitoring should be performed in the same laboratory and assay to avoid variability.
Features and Advantages of the Recurrent Approximations of Retention Times in Reversed Phase High-Performance Kiquid Chromatography
Authors: Zenkevich Igor Georgievich , Derouiche Abdennour
Published: February 2024

Background: Recurrent approximation of retention parameters in reversed-phase HPLC is effective for revealing anomalies difficult to detect otherwise, namely, the reversible hydration of analytes. This was demonstrated previously for restricted sets of analytes with acetonitrile–water eluents. Expanding the number of analytes and eluents seems to be a topical problem. Two kinds of derivatives of aromatic carbonyl compounds were characterized: unsubstituted hydrazones and oximes.
Methods: If analyte demonstrates no anomalies in dependences of retention times vs. concentration of organic modifier, the recurrent approximations of these dependences are linear. To explain the features of recurrent approximations, the numerical experiments were proposed and considered. The artificial shifting of one, two, or more points allows modeling the different kinds of deviations of approximations from linearity.
Results: It was shown that hydrazones are the class of analytes having no anomalies of retention parameters. On the contrary, several anomalies were detected for oximes. Downward deviations of points in the plots of recurrent approximations of retention times are the signs of reversible hydration. This effect for methanol–water eluents was detected for the first time. Some of oximes underwent hydrolysis.
Conclusion: Recurrent approximation of retention times allows detecting chemical transformations of analytes during RP HPLC analysis.
Humoral Immune Response to the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Receptor Binding Motif Linear Epitopes
Authors: Monteiro Maria E.S. , Lechuga Guilherme C. , Napoleão-Pêgo Paloma , Carvalho João P. R. S. , Gomes Larissa R , Morel Carlos M. , Provance, Jr. D. William , De-Simone Salvatore G.
Published: February 2024

Abstract: The worldwide spread of SARS-CoV-2 has led to a significant economic and social burden on a global scale. Even though the pandemic has concluded, there remains apprehension regarding the emergence of highly transmissible variants capable of evading immunity induced by either vaccination or prior infection. The success of viral penetration is the specific amino acid residues of the Receptor Binding Motif (RBM) involved in viral attachment. This region interacts with the cellular receptor ACE2, triggering a neutralizing antibody (nAb) response. In this study, we have evaluated the immunogenicity of serum from individuals who received either a single dose or a combination of different vaccines against the original SARS-CoV-2 strain and mutated linear RBM. Despite a modest antibody response to the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 RBM, the Omicron variants exhibit four mutations in the RBM (S477N, T478K, E484A, F486V) that result in even lower antibody titers. The primary immune responses observed were directed towards IgA and IgG. While nAbs typically target the RBD, our investigation has unveiled a reduced seroreactivity within the RBD's crucial subregion, the RBM. This deficiency may have implications for the generation of protective nAbs. Evaluation of S1WT and S2WT RBM peptides binding to nAbs using microscale thermophoresis revealed a higher affinity (35 nM) for the S2WT sequence (GSTPCNGVEGFNCYF), which includes the FNCY patch. Our findings suggest that the linear RBM of SARS-CoV-2 is not an immunodominant region in vaccinated individuals. Comprehending the intricate dynamics of the humoral response, its interplay with viral evolution, and host genetics is crucial for formulating effective vaccination strategies, not only targeting SARS-CoV-2 but also anticipating potential future coronaviruses.