bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of an Injector for the Ex-PRESS™ Mini Glaucoma Shunt
Authors: Sarkisian Steven R.
Published: October 2019

Using the Ex-PRESS Mini Glaucoma Shunt (Optonol Ltd., Neve Ilan, Israel) for the surgical treatment of glaucoma is now possible with the assistance of an injection system. The author believes the procedure is safe and effective in lowering intraocular pressure from baseline. This article discusses the technique and provides pearls for surgical success. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2007;38:434-436.] AUTHOR From the University of Oklahoma, Glaucoma Service, Dean A. McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Accepted for publication July 18, 2007. Dr. Sarkisian is on the Optonol Scientific Advisory Board and has received research support in the past. No financial support was received for this work and he has no financial interest in the Ex-PRESS Mini-Glaucoma Shunt or the injector discussed above. Address correspondence to Steven R. Sarkisian, Jr., MD, Assistant Clinical Professor, Glaucoma Service, Dean A. McGee Eye Institute, 608 Stanton Young Boulevard, Oklahoma City, OK 73014.
Effect of the Preservation-to-Surgery Interval on Corneal Allograft Survival in Low-Risk Patients
Authors: Doganay Selim , Hepsen I. Fevzi , Yologlu Saim , Demirtas Hakan
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
To investigate the role of the preservation-to-surgery interval on corneal allograft survival in low-risk patients.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Eighteen donor corneas obtained from an overseas eye bank were preserved
and transported overseas in Optisol-GS solution (Chiron Vision, Irvine, CA) in Group 1. Thirty fresh, young, healthy, and unscreened donor corneas soaked in the same medium were used in Group 2. Average preservation-to-surgery time was more than 8 days in Group 1 and less than 30 hours in Group 2. Corneal allograft survival rates were determined by Kaplan-Meier estimates of the survivor functions. The log-rank test was used to determine statistical significance of the differences between groups.
RESULTS
The mean preservation-to-surgery interval was 233.3 ± 37.7 hours in Group 1 and 20.8 ± 4.6 hours in Group 2 (P < .05 for the comparison of average times). There were significant differences between the groups with respect to donors’ age and enucleation time, but there were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of graft diameter and recipient diameter or for corneal allograft survival in low-risk patients. The graft survival rate was 83.3% in Group 1 and 93.3% in Group 2 at the end of the follow-up period.
CONCLUSIONS
Preservation-to-surgery time has no effect on corneal allograft survival in low-risk patients. However, prospective, randomized, long-term and large-scale clinical trials are necessary to confirm these findings.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2007;38:457-461.]
AUTHORS
From the Departments of Ophthalmology (SD, IFH) and Biostatistics (SY), Inonu University Medical Faculty, Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Research Hospital, Malatya, Turkey; and the Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (HD), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
Accepted for publication August 9, 2007.
Presented at the American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery annual
meeting, Washington, DC, April 15-20, 2005.
Address correspondence to Selim Doganay, MD, Buyuk Huseyin Bey mah, Yunus Emre cad, Mehmet Ozgungor AP. No:39/12, TR-44160 Malatya, Turkey.
Surgical and Functional Results of Augmented Superior Oblique Muscle Z-tenotomy in Patients With Superior Oblique Overaction and Brown’s Syndrome
Authors: Snir Moshe , Friling Ronit , Bourla Dan , Weinberger Dov , Axer-Siegel Ruth
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
To compare the effectiveness of augmented superior oblique Z-tenotomy (SOZT) with fixed standard SOZT in canceling preoperative superior oblique overaction associated with A pattern anisotropia or V pattern in Brown’s syndrome.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Sixteen consecutive patients with superior oblique overaction or Brown’s syndrome were treated by removal of a triangular piece of the superior oblique tendon near its insertion (augmented SOZT). Outcome was compared with 20 consecutive historical controls after standard SOZT.
RESULTS
The decrease in superior oblique overaction in the right and left eyes and fundus intorsion and the collapse of A pattern anisotropia were more significant for patients with superior oblique overaction (P = .003, P = .007, P = .05, P = .0015, respectively) and patients with Brown’s syndrome (P = .025, P = .03, and P = .05, respectively). No study patient with superior oblique overaction and A pattern anisotropia required reoperation compared with 5 of 14 controls (37.5%); rates for patients with Brown’s syndrome were 0 for the study group and 3 of 6 (50%) for the control group.
CONCLUSIONS
Augmented SOZT is superior to standard SOZT for correcting superior oblique overaction, intorsion, A or V pattern, and stereopsis. It is not associated with complications or reoperation. The size of the Z-tenotomy can be modified according
to the intraoperative assessment to achieve symmetric
results.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2007;38:462-470.]
AUTHORS
From the Pediatric Ophthalmology Unit (MS, DB, DW, RA-S), Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tiqwa; the Department of Ophthalmology
(MS, RF), Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tiqwa; and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine (MS, RF), Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Accepted for publication March 9, 2005.
Address correspondence to Moshe Snir, MD, Pediatric Ophthalmology Unit, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, 14 Kaplan Street, Petah Tiqwa, 49202 Israel.
Light Flashbacks During Retinal Laser Photocoagulation Following Fluorescein Angiography
Authors: Bujak Matthew C. , Mandelcorn Mark S. , Parker John A.
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Yellow light flashbacks can often be seen in cases of laser photocoagulation
performed shortly after fluorescein angiography.
To determine whether unblocked secondary emission from retained aqueous and vitreous fluorescein
may be reaching the treating ophthalmologist, the absorption characteristics of serial dilutions of sodium fluorescein were studied at wavelengths similar to the output of the krypton laser.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A Unicam sp500 series II visible spectrophotometer (Pye Unicam Ltd., Cambridge, UK) was used to measure fluorescein absorption at serial dilutions ranging from 100,000,000 to 100 ng/mL at 488, 518, 568, and 647 nm.
RESULTS
Absorption decreased with progressive dilution of fluorescein concentration and with increased wavelength. Blue (488 nm) and green (518 nm) light absorbed at all dilutions of fluorescein. Yellow light (568 nm) did not show any significant absorption below a concentration of 100,000 ng/mL and red light (647 nm) absorbed little below a concentration of 3,000,000 ng/mL.
CONCLUSIONS
Dilutions of fluorescein absorbed all commonly used laser wavelengths. There is concern that fluorescein absorption results in emission of light at 520 nm (range: 450 to 700 nm), which may not be blocked by the filters currently placed in fixed laser delivery systems.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2007;38:491-496.]
AUTHORS
From Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Accepted for publication September 30, 2006.
Presented as a poster at the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology
annual meeting, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, April 25-29, 2004.
Address correspondence to Mark S. Mandelcorn, MD, Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst Street, 6th Floor, East Wing, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada.
Combined Panretinal Photocoagulation and Cataract Surgery in a Patient With Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Patel Amit K. , Cacciatori Matteo
Published: October 2019

A case is presented whereby a simple method of applying indirect laser during cataract surgery in the presence of retinal and iris neovascularization is described. The method involves placing an infusion cannula into the anterior chamber following standard phacoemulsification and soft lens matter removal. The main section is then sutured and indirect laser is delivered to the far retinal periphery with gentle manipulation of the eye. Successful delivery of indirect panretinal photocoagulation despite inadvertent vitreous loss in this case demonstrates the advantages of its use. Other advantages, including its use in previously vitrectomized eyes and allowing manipulation/ indentation of the eye, control of bleeding, and better visualization, are discussed. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2007;38:500-502.]
AUTHORS
From the University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Accepted for publication May 18, 2007.
Address correspondence to Amit K. Patel, MRCOphth, Cardiff Eye Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF4 4XW, United Kingdom.
In Vivo Evidence of Hypotrophic Ciliary Body in Ocular Ischemic Syndrome by Ultrasound Biomicroscopy
Authors: Furino Claudio , Guerriero Silvana , Boscia Francesco , Micelli Ferrari Tommaso , Nicola Cardascia , Sborgia Luigi , Sborgia Carlo
Published: October 2019

In ocular ischemic syndrome, the ischemic condition is due to markedly reduced blood flow and increased vascular resistance of retrobulbar circulation, as in the central retina and posterior ciliary arteries. Chronic hypoxia
affects even the iris and ciliary body. The hypoperfusion
of the ciliary body leads to a relative hypotony,
presumably related to decreased aqueous humor production. Histopathologic study has demonstrated ciliary body atrophy on an ischemic basis. The authors used ultrasound biomicroscopy to demonstrate in vivo the hypotrophic condition of the ciliary body in ocular ischemic syndrome. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging
2007;38:505-507.]
AUTHORS
From the Dipartimento di Oftalmologia ed Otorinolaringoiatria, Università
di Bari, Bari, Italy.
Accepted for publication May 20, 2007.
Address correspondence to Claudio Furino, MD, Dipartimento di Oftalmologia
ed Otorinolaringoiatria, Università di Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy.
Prolonged Exposure of Intraocular Lens Implant With Preservation of Globe Integrity and Visual Function
Authors: Detorakis Efstathios T. , Ioannakis Konstantinos , Dardabounis Doukas , Kozoboulis Vassilios P.
Published: October 2019

A 70-year-old woman had corneal ulcer and melting after
complicated cataract surgery with polymethylmethacrylate
lens implant insertion. A conjunctival flap was initially used to cover the defect with a plan to perform keratoplasty later. Fifteen months postoperatively, she presented with total absence of central corneal tissue and iris and exposure of the implant. The eye was not inflamed,
painful, or hard on palpation and visual acuity was counting fingers at 3 m. The preservation of globe integrity despite exposure of the polymethylmethacrylate implant implies a stable adhesion between polymethylmethacrylate
and residual corneal tissue and may prove useful in keratoprosthesis design. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2007;38:508-510.]
AUTHORS
From the Department of Ophthalmology, Democritus University of Thrace and the Eye Institute of Thrace (ETD, KI, DD, VPK), Alexandroupolis; and the Department of Ophthalmology (ETD), University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
Accepted for publication June 7, 2007.
Address correspondence to Efstathios T. Detorakis, MD, PhD, Department
of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 7111, Stavrakia, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
The Effect of Myopia on the Position of the Ora Serrata
Authors: Gallogly Paul , Smiddy William E. , Feuer William J.
Published: October 2019

This article evaluated the effect of myopia on the position of the ora serrata relative to the extraocular muscle insertions. In this prospective case series, 11 patients were evaluated during scleral buckling procedures. Intraoperative measurements of the distance from the ora serrata to the muscle insertion in each quadrant were compared to baseline refractive error. The distance between the ora serrata and the muscle insertion increased with increasing myopia superonasally and inferonasally. The surgeon must be aware of the need to position a scleral buckle more posteriorly with increasing myopia to avoid improper scleral buckling position and consequent surgical failure. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2007;38:518-519.]
AUTHORS
From the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida. Accepted for publication May 10, 2007. Address correspondence to William E. Smiddy, MD, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, 900 NW 17th Street, Miami, FL 33136.
Capsulorhexis in White Cataract Using a Green-Light Endoillumination Probe
Authors: Akin Tugrul , Aykan Umit , Karadayi Koray , Aydin Ali , Yildiz Tamer Fazil , Bilge Ahmet Hamdi
Published: October 2019

The authors describe a technique for performing a safe and controlled continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC) in white cataracts using the contrast-enhancing effect of green light from an endoillumination probe. After attaching a green filter to the endoillumination unit of the vitrectomy set, a CCC was performed under
the green light of the endoillumination probe, which was placed on the periphery of the cornea in a manner that followed the tearing edge of the capsulorhexis.
This technique may be an alternative to capsular
dyes in performing a safe and controlled CCC in white cataracts. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2007;38:520-522.]
AUTHORS
From the Department of Ophthalmology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Accepted for publication July 31, 2007.
Address correspondence to Tugrul Akin, MD, GATA Haydarpasa Egitim Hastanesi, Goz Hastaliklari Servisi, Tibbiye Caddesi, Uskudar, 34668, Istanbul, Turkey.
Ultra-Widefield Autofluorescence Imaging of Retinal Detachment Compared to Retinoschisis
Authors: Nadelmann Jennifer B. , Gupta Mrinali P. , Kiss Szilard , Askin Gulce , Chan R.V. Paul , Papakostas Thanos , D'Amico Donald J. , Orlin Anton
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Localized retinal detachment can appear similar to peripheral retinoschisis (RS) based on clinical exam alone. This study utilized ultra-widefield autofluorescence (UAF) to characterize retinal changes in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) compared to RS and to help differentiate these two entities in the era of multimodal imaging.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

A retrospective review of 282 eyes undergoing diagnostic UAF. Eyes were excluded if the quality of the color photograph or UAF prevented reliable evaluation, or if they contained significant peripheral retinal pathology such as diabetic retinopathy or retinal vein occlusions. Eyes were determined to have RRD or RS based on dilated fundus examination, ultrasound, and optical coherence tomography imaging consistent with the diagnosis.

RESULTS:

Fifty-three eyes were included; 38 had retinal detachment, and 25 had RS. Eyes were determined to be bullous or not from the color photographs. Based on all UAFs reviewed, images were determined to have granular, normal, hypo-, hyper-, or mixed autofluorescence patterns. The posterior border of the RRD and RS was evaluated separately and determined to have hyper-, hypo-, granular, mixed, or normal autofluorescence. Thirty-three eyes with RRD (86.8%) appeared bullous compared to 12 eyes with RS (48%;
P
= .002). UAF was considered granular in zero (0%) of RRD eyes and one (4%) RS eye, normal in one RRD eye (2.63%) and 17 (68%) RS eyes, hypoautofluorescent in 27 (71.1%) RRD eyes and four (16%) RS eyes, hyperautofluorescent in one (2.63%) RRD eye and one (4%) RS eye, and mixed in nine (4%) RRD eyes and two (8%) RS eyes (
P
< .001). When evaluating the posterior leading edge on UAF, 84.2% (n = 32) of patients with RRD had a hyperautofluorescent leading edge compared to 25% (n = 6) of patients with RS (
P
< .001). UAF was homogenous in 65.8% (n = 25) of cases of RRD versus in 92% (n = 23) of cases of RS (
P
= .037).

CONCLUSIONS:

To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to utilize UAF imaging to differentiate RRD and RS. Findings suggest there are differences between RRD and RS with regards to UAF, UAF of the posterior border, and homogeneity of the area affected. UAF should be considered in the era of multimodal imaging, particularly when clinical exam alone is inadequate to differentiate these two entities.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:550–556.]
«Deuda hipotecaria fallida, persona fallida»: la financiarización de la vivienda y la vida en Cataluña
Authors: García Lamarca Melissa
Published: October 2019

Basado en un trabajo de once meses de investigación etnográfica comprometida con la Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca (PAH) en Barcelona y en Sabadell, este artículo argumenta que la financiarización de la vivienda va de la mano de la financiarización de la vida misma, la cual incluye la subjetividad y el cuerpo. La financiarización de la vida tiene lugar cuando esta se incorpora a los mecanismos de extracción de rentas a través de los circuitos de acumulación de capital (urbano), es decir, a través de un proceso de proletarización. Este artículo muestra cómo, ante la imposibilidad de pagar, esta vida proletarizada en la relación hipotecaria se convierte en una vida fallida. Desarrollo estos argumentos de forma teórica en relación a la economía política y desde la experiencia de personas afectadas por la hipoteca.
Crisis hipotecaria, capital social y empoderamiento: una exploración a partir del caso de la Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca (PAH)
Authors: Bereményi Bálint Ábel , Montero-Díaz Elena
Published: October 2019

Desde el estallido de la crisis económica la vulnerabilidad socioeconómica se ha ido agravando, tanto en cantidad de familias cuyas fuentes de ingresos han disminuido como en la gravedad de la situación, llegando a cronificar la pobreza en determinados sectores sociales. Las ejecuciones hipotecarias han provocado serias dificultades para cubrir necesidades básicas como la alimentación, la higiene o los suministros de la vivienda. En España, debido a las reformas neoliberales de los últimos años, la cobertura pública se ha reducido drásticamente. Esto se ha traducido en un aumento de la sobrecarga de las redes familiares y comunitarias de apoyo. En este artículo exploramos el tipo del capital social que la participación en la Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca (PAH) otorga a las familias vinculadas. A partir del análisis de los datos empíricos -recogidos a través de observación no participante y de entrevistas semi-dirigidas a 30 familias que han sufrido ejecución hipotecaria en el área metropolitana de Barcelona- discutimos hasta qué punto los lazos débiles entablados en la PAH pueden o no cumplir funciones de ventaja y de apoyo a las familias. Por otra parte, nos preguntamos en qué procesos las familias pueden ejercer su acción en la PAH, y si esta forma de empoderamiento les aporta o no capital social y movilidad social.
Escrituras de la ausencia: las novelas de los hijos de las posdictaduras de Chile y Argentina
Authors: García-Avello Macarena
Published: October 2019

Las reflexiones en torno a la escritura de acontecimientos traumáticos como fueron las dictaduras chilenas y argentinas genera una serie de aporías que podrían resumirse en las siguientes cuestiones: ¿cómo comprender aquello que sobrepasa toda comprensión?, ¿cómo narrar lo inenarrable?, ¿cómo recomponer los testimonios de acontecimientos desprovistos de testigos? En este ensayo me propongo explorar estos asuntos en relación con cuatro novelas que parten de la ausencia, en tanto el pasado de la dictadura -identificado no solo como irrepresentable, también como incomprensible- origina una falta o carencia de la que emerge la escritura. Concretamente se analizarán las novelas de los hijos, quienes eran aún niños durante la dictadura y por ello la vivieron de manera indirecta a través de sus padres: Formas de volver a casa (2011) de Alejandro Zambra, Una misma noche (2012) de Leopoldo Brizuela, El espíritu de mis padres sigue subiendo en la lluvia (2011) de Patricio Pron y Fuenzalida (2010) de Nona Fernández.
Social and Cognitive Determinants in Participating in a Collaborative Platform
Authors: Roch Joanne , Roussel Jean-François
Published: October 2019

If collaborative tools and platforms facilitate collaboration in principle, they don't do so every time. While organizations invest significantly in implementing collaborative tools, employees often prefer using communication channels they have developed and not those recommended by the organization.

After presenting various investigations describing the issues related to participating in virtual communities of practice, we present an example of implementing this innovative practice in an academic context. We began by putting into place a pilot project with a view to conducting a preliminary quantitative analysis taking into account facilitation strategies as the determining variable in participation and success. A second qualitative analysis based on participant interviews reveals the importance of the concept of usefulness, perceived as a determinant variable in participation.

Our study highlights the social and cognitive dimensions related to participating in collaborative platforms and more precisely describe the factors that encourage or discourage participation.
Article retracted.
Authors: Editor Journal
Published: October 2019

This article has been retracted by the authors.
Formation of Information and Communication Competence of Future Teachers
Authors: Matviyevskaya Elena Gennadievna , Tavstukha Olga Grigorievna , Galustyan Olga Vladimirovna , Ignatov Petr Aleksandrovich , Miroshnikova Darya Victorovna
Published: October 2019

This article introduces the problem of formation of ICT competence of future teachers. It discusses the process of educational informatization which relates to the ability of all participants of educational process to use modern information and communication technologies. The paper deals with the pedagogical potential of ICT, pedagogical methods, ICT means, pedagogical capabilities of ICT.
Speckle Noise Reduction in SAR Images Using Fuzzy Inference System
Authors: Vijayakumar S , Santhi V.
Published: October 2019

In recent years, image processing has played a vital role in major research areas. In this article, a new approach using a fuzzy inference system is proposed for speckle reduction in SAR images. In general, SAR images are predominantly used to monitor coastal regions to detect oil spills, ship wake, sea shores and climate changes. In this article, a gamma distribution model is used in a fuzzy inference system to remove speckle noise from SAR images. The performance of the proposed model is tested using fuzzy inference systems, such as mamdani and sugeno. The experimental results proved the efficiency of the proposed system through objective metrics.
Co-Creation Among Small Scale Tourism Firm
Authors: Joshi Sudhanshu , Sharma Manu , Kumar Satinder , Pant Manoj Kumar
Published: October 2019

ICT enabled tourism brings planners and actors into a common platform. Uttarakhand falls under the L4 (above average) category as per an e-readiness report and subsequently within the span of 5 years, it has climbed to level L3 after the infusion of web-based technologies. Tourism Firm's innovation is primarily based on following criteria: coexistence with existing competitors, cross-value chain income generating activities (IGA) along tourism, new products/processes developed in the past 2 years. An intensive literature review has been done, out of which three critical success factors were identified: (a) Internet usage; (b) firm's innovation and competitiveness; (c) income generating activities (IGA) by the firm. Together, these critical success factors (CSFs) express high cumulative variance. The study identifies co-innovation strategies among supply chain actors at the micro and small levels, which is based on cross-functional linkage between allied industries, and on internet use and IGAs. Validation has been done using an explorative study.
High GILT Expression and an Active and Intact MHC Class II Antigen Presentation Pathway Are Associated with Improved Survival in Melanoma
Authors: Buetow Kenneth H. , Meador Lydia R. , Menon Hari , Lu Yih-Kuang , Brill Jacob , Cui Haiyan , Roe Denise J. , DiCaudo David J. , Hastings K. Taraszka
Published: October 2019

The MHC class I Ag presentation pathway in melanoma cells has a well-established role in immune-mediated destruction of tumors. However, the clinical significance of the MHC class II Ag presentation pathway in melanoma cells is less clear. In Ag-presenting cells, IFN-γ–inducible lysosomal thiol reductase (GILT) is critical for MHC class II–restricted presentation of multiple melanoma Ags. Although not expressed in benign melanocytes of nevi, GILT and MHC class II expression is induced in malignant melanocytes in a portion of melanoma specimens. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas cutaneous melanoma data set showed that high GILT mRNA expression was associated with improved overall survival. Expression of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1β was positively associated with GILT expression in melanoma specimens. These cytokines were capable of inducing GILT expression in human melanoma cells in vitro. GILT protein expression in melanocytes was induced in halo nevi, which are nevi undergoing immune-mediated regression, and is consistent with the association of GILT expression with improved survival in melanoma. To explore potential mechanisms of GILT’s association with patient outcome, we investigated pathways related to GILT function and expression. In contrast to healthy skin specimens, in which the MHC class II pathway was nearly uniformly expressed and intact, there was substantial variation in the MHC class II pathway in the The Cancer Genome Atlas melanoma specimens. Both an active and intact MHC class II pathway were associated with improved overall survival in melanoma. These studies support a role for GILT and the MHC class II Ag presentation pathway in melanoma outcome.
Mental health and corporate social responsibility for industrial psychology
Authors: Vermeulen Dean , Graupner Lené I. , Jonker Bouwer E.
Published: October 2019

Orientation: Organisations must do whatever it takes to ensure sustainability and longevity, and extend benefits into the communities where they operate.Research purpose: The general aim of this study was to explore the contribution that the profession of industrial psychology can make towards improving mental health by means of a CSR programme.Motivation for the study: This study was motivated by the notion that, in South Africa, organisations are encouraged to be socially responsible and Industrial-organisational Psychology (IOP) can be of service to this goal for the organisation.Research approach/design and method: A qualitative research design with a combination of purposive and convenience sampling was utilised. Participants consisted of the project team who participated in a training institution’s CSR initiative in the North West province. Data gathering took place in the form of semi-structured in-depth interviews, which were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis.Main findings: The results showed that typical IOP topics that could be formulated into a CSR programme included life skills and topics related to personal growth and self-worth. The results also showed that universities are able to play a vital part in community engagement, and an inter-relationship of benefits can be established.Practical/managerial implications: The research indicates that industrial and organisational psychologists could also contribute to organisations when they operate in the CSR scope.Contribution/value-add: On an individual level, this study contributed to clarify the understanding whether IOP has a place in social investment and contributions.
Predição Leitora e Consciência Textual: um estudo com alunos do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Baretta Danielle , Wannmacher Pereira Vera
Published: October 2019

Based on psycholinguistic studies, this article deals with reading comprehension skills focusing prediction and the textual consciousness level imbricated in this strategy. To demonstrate this theory, a research has been carried on with 55 sixth grade-students whose ages ranged from 11 to 13, all attending the elementary educational level of a public school in the city of Porto Alegre. In order to examine the effective use of predictions, a reading task with parts of a fable was presented in paper cards, as well as questions about the story to stimulate the use of those strategies. The verbal protocol of self-revelation was adopted to verify the participants´ textual level of consciousness. The results showed that most of the students managed to deal with reading prediction, making pertinent anticipations, although 27% of them were unsuccessful. In relation to the textual consciousness in the use of this strategy, just over half of the students showed metalinguistic behavior, being capable to explain the generative bases of their predictions efficiently using both intratextual and extratextual information. Nevertheless, 47% of the pupils were not able to achieve the goal, since they responded the questions in a confusing and mistaken manner or used vague and imprecise information while showing evidences of how they had processed the question. Considering the educational context, the research results suggested that both the use of the reading prediction and its conscious awareness are relevant topics to be applied in Portuguese language classes, for they provide the teacher with information concerning the possibilities and difficulties on students´ reading process.
The impact of language attrition on language teaching: the dynamics of linguistic knowledge retention and maintenance in multilingualism
Authors: Kupske Felipe Flores
Published: October 2019

Language attrition has become a vibrant theme as it has implications for theoretical linguistics, including, for example, the organization of linguistic information in the brain and language processing. Insights from this area also have impact on the study of second language (L2) development and can feed the area of language teaching. Once language attrition may be of value for the study of language retention and maintenance, it can contribute to language teaching with long lasting results, more effective planning and syllabus design. In this perspective, as studies exploring L2 attrition are still limited, this article provides a synthesis of research on the area. By drawing from the Dynamic Model of Multilingualism and from the Threshold Hypothesis, it also explores the implications L2 attrition research has for language teaching with a view to establishing more informed language practices and policies.
Limites e lugares: entre caminhos mẽbêngôkre
Authors: Oliveira Ester De Souza , Passos João Lucas Moraes
Published: October 2019

Este trabalho reúne duas pesquisas feitas entre os Mẽbêngôkre, povo jê mais conhecido como Kayapó e habitante da bacia do Xingu. Realizadas em dois subgrupos distintos, no Pará (TI Kayapó) e no Mato Grosso (TI Capoto/Jarina), as etnografias aqui trabalhadas voltam atenção para a territorialidade mẽbêngôkre, explorando as andanças e a produção de redes de lugares-eventos nomeados, intimamente ligadas à organização sociopolítica desse povo. Os deslocamentos ainda são pouco explorados na literatura antropológica sobre os Mẽbêngôkre, apesar de constituírem tema praticamente onipresente nas narrativas dos anciãos. Partimos das enunciações toponímicas nesses relatos para observarmos a dinâmica da produção de lugares e sua relação com as separações históricas dos subgrupos mẽbêngôkre; onde também estão em jogo práticas estatais, como a demarcação das terras e o estabelecimento de limites estaduais, que, embora contrastando com a territorialidade mẽbêngôkre, acabam por fornecer um idioma para as relações políticas entre os diferentes subgrupos.
Limitar o limite: modos de subsistência
Authors: Nodari Alexandre
Published: October 2019

Diante da catástrofe ambiental em curso, o debate sobre os limites (materiais, planetários) vem ao primeiro plano: como lidar com eles?, como agir em relação a eles? O exercício aqui proposto é uma breve e seletiva cartografia de práticas políticas, estéticas e teóricas que, lidas sob o manto de uma noção revisitada de subsistência e da Antropofagia de Oswald de Andrade, constituem estratégias que fogem à alternativa infernal da lógica da lei e do limite, a saber, a opção entre obediência e transgressão, apontando para uma incorporação desmetrificadora do limite e sua conversão em acesso a uma dimensão que desconhece limites.
Growth in mid-monsoon dry phases over the Indian region: prevailing influence of anthropogenic aerosols
Authors: Chakraborty Rohit , Guha Bijay Kumar , Talukdar Shamitaksha , Ratnam Madineni Venkat , Maitra Animesh
Published: October 2019

Abstract. A detailed investigation on the potentially drought-prone regions over India
is presented in this study based on the balance between precipitation
and potential evapotranspiration (PET) during the southwest Asian
mid-monsoon season. We introduce a parameter named dry day frequency (DDF)
which is found suitable to present the drought index (DI) in mid-monsoon
season, hence strongly associated with the possibility of drought
occurrences. The present study investigates the probable aspects which
influence the DDF over these regions, revealing that the abundance of
anthropogenic aerosols especially over urbanized locations has a prevailing
role in the growth of DDF during the last few decades. The prominent increasing
trend in DDF over Lucknow (26.84∘ N, 80.94∘ E), a
densely populated urban location situated in the Indo-Gangetic Plain,
strongly reflects the dominant association of anthropogenic aerosols with
the increasing dry phase occurrences. Increase in DDF (∼90 %) during the last 60 years is observed over this urban area compared
to a broader region in its surroundings. In addition, periodic impacts of
large-scale phenomena like ENSO (El Niño–Southern Oscillation) or SSN
(sunspot number) become weaker when the study location is downscaled
towards an urbanized region. Finally, when long-term projections of DDF are
drawn using the high urbanization scenario of RCP 8.5, a huge rise in dry
days is seen during mid-July to mid-September (reaching up to 50 dry days
by the year 2100 over Lucknow), which will be a crucial concern for policymakers in future.
Contrasting effects of CO2 fertilization, land-use change and warming on seasonal amplitude of Northern Hemisphere CO2 exchange
Authors: Bastos Ana , Ciais Philippe , Chevallier Frédéric , Rödenbeck Christian , Ballantyne Ashley P. , Maignan Fabienne , Yin Yi , Fernández-Martínez Marcos , Friedlingstein Pierre , Peñuelas Josep , Piao Shilong L. , Sitch Stephen , Smith William K. , Wang Xuhui , Zhu Zaichun , Haverd Vanessa , Kato Etsushi , Jain Atul K. , Lienert Sebastian , Lombardozzi Danica , Nabel Julia E. M. S. , Peylin Philippe , Poulter Benjamin , Zhu Dan
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Continuous atmospheric CO2 monitoring data indicate an increase in the amplitude of seasonal CO2-cycle exchange (SCANBP) in northern high latitudes. The major drivers of enhanced SCANBP remain unclear and intensely debated, with land-use change, CO2 fertilization and warming being identified as likely contributors. We integrated CO2-flux data from two atmospheric inversions (consistent with atmospheric records) and from 11 state-of-the-art land-surface models (LSMs) to evaluate the relative importance of individual contributors to trends and drivers of the SCANBP of CO2 fluxes for 1980–2015. The LSMs generally reproduce the latitudinal increase in SCANBP trends within the inversions range. Inversions and LSMs attribute SCANBP increase to boreal Asia and Europe due to enhanced vegetation productivity (in LSMs) and point to contrasting effects of CO2 fertilization (positive) and warming (negative) on SCANBP. Our results do not support land-use change as a key contributor to the increase in SCANBP. The sensitivity of simulated microbial respiration to temperature in LSMs explained biases in SCANBP trends, which suggests that SCANBP could help to constrain model turnover times.
Ice-supersaturated air masses in the northern mid-latitudes from regular in-situ observations by passenger aircraft: vertical distribution, seasonality and tropospheric fingerprint
Authors: Petzold Andreas , Neis Patrick , Rütimann Mihal , Rohs Susanne , Berkes Florian , Smit Herman G. J. , Krämer Martina , Spelten Nicole , Spichtinger Peter , Nedelec Philippe , Wahner Andreas
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The vertical distribution and seasonal variation of upper tropospheric humidity (UTH) and particularly of ice-supersaturated air masses in the extratropical upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere (Ex-UTLS) is investigated at northern mid-latitudes over the regions Eastern North America, the North Atlantic and Europe for the period 1995 to 2010. Observation data originate from regular and continuous long-term measurements of water vapour volume mixing ratio (H2O VMR), temperature and relative humidity with respect to ice (RHice) by instrumented passenger aircraft in the framework of the European research program MOZAIC (1994–2010) which is continued as European research infrastructure IAGOS (from 2011). The in-situ observations of UTH with a vertical resolution of 30 hPa (
Fine particle characterization in a coastal city in China: composition, sources, and impacts of industrial emissions
Authors: Lei Lu , Xie Conghui , Wang Dawei , He Yao , Wang Qingqing , Zhou Wei , Hu Wei , Fu Pingqing , Chen Yong , Pan Xiaole , Wang Zifa , Worsnop Douglas R. , Sun Yele
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Aerosol composition and sources have been extensively studied in developed regions in China, however, aerosol chemistry in coastal regions of eastern China with high industrial emissions remains poorly characterized. Here we have a comprehensive characterization of aerosol composition and sources near two large steel plants in a coastal city in Shandong in fall and spring seasons using a PM2.5 Time-of-Flight Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor. The average (±1σ) mass concentration of PM2.5 in spring 2019 (54 ± 44 μg/m3) was approximately twice that (26 ± 23 μg/m3) in fall 2018. Aerosol composition was substantially different between the two seasons. While organics accounted for ∼30 % of the total PM2.5 mass in both seasons, sulfate showed a considerable decrease from 28 % in September to 16 % in March, which was associated with a large increase in nitrate contribution from 17 % to 32 %. Positive matrix factorization analysis showed that secondary organic aerosol (SOA) dominated the total OA in both seasons on average accounting for 92 % and 86 %, respectively, while the contributions of traffic-related hydrocarbon-like OA were comparable (8–9 %). During this study, we observed significant impacts of steel plants emissions on aerosol chemistry nearby. The results showed that aerosol particles emitted from the steel plants were overwhelmingly dominated by ammonium sulfate/ammonium bisulfate with the peak concentration reaching as high as 224 μg/m3. Further analysis showed similar mass ratios of NOx/CO (13.7) and NOx/SO2 (1.24) from the two different steel plants, which were largely different from those during periods in the absence of industrial plumes. Bivariate polar plot analysis also supported the dominant source region of ammonium sulfate, CO and SO2 from the southwest steel plants. Our results might have significant implications for better quantification of industrial emissions using ammonium sulfate and the ratios of gaseous species as tracers in the future.
The potential of elastic/polarization lidars to retrieve extinction profiles
Authors: Giannakaki Elina , Kokkalis Panos , Marinou Eleni , Bartsotas Nikolaos S. , Amiridis Vassilis , Ansmann Albert , Komppula Mika
Published: October 2019

Abstract. In this study we estimate the particle extinction profiles at Finokalia, Crete, using only the information provided by the elastic and polarization channels of a PollyXT lidar system. Most of the time Finokalia site is affected by only two aerosol types, i.e. marine and dust particles. These two aerosol types, having different optical properties, permit the separation of aerosol mixture. The proposed method uses the particle backscatter profiles at 532 nm and the vertically resolved particle linear depolarization ratio measurements at the same wavelength. The particle linear depolarization ratio and the lidar ratio values of pure aerosol types are taken from literature. The total extinction profile is then estimated and compared well with Raman retrievals. Any difference between the proposed methodology and Raman extinction profiles indicates that the non-dust component could be probably attributed to polluted marine or polluted continental aerosols. Comparison with sun-photometric aerosol optical depth observations is performed as well during daytime with reasonable differences between the two instruments. Differences in the total aerosol optical depth is attributed to the limited ability of the lidar to correctly represent the aerosol optical properties in the near range due to overlap problem.
Towards standardized processing of eddy covariance flux
measurements of carbonyl sulfide
Authors: Kohonen Kukka-Maaria , Kolari Pasi , Kooijmans Linda M. J. , Chen Huilin , Seibt Ulli , Sun Wu , Mammarella Ivan
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Carbonyl sulfide (COS) flux measurements with the eddy covariance (EC) technique are growing in popularity with the recent development in using COS to estimate gross photosynthesis at the ecosystem scale. Flux data intercomparison would benefit from standardized protocols for COS flux data processing. In this study, we analyze how various data processing steps affect the final flux and provide a method for gap-filling COS fluxes. Different methods for determining the lag time between COS mixing ratio and the vertical wind velocity (w) resulted in a maximum of 12 % difference in the cumulative COS flux. Due to limited COS measurement precision, small COS fluxes (below approximately 3 pmol m−2 s−1) could not be detected when the lag time was determined from maximizing the covariance between COS and w. We recommend using a combination of COS and carbon dioxide (CO2) lag times in determining the COS flux, depending on the flux magnitude compared to the detection limit of each averaging period. Different high frequency spectral corrections had a maximum effect of 10 % on COS flux calculations and different detrending methods only 1.2 %. Relative total uncertainty was more than five times higher for low COS fluxes (absolute flux lower than 3 pmol m−2 s−1) than for low CO2 fluxes (lower than 1.5 μmol m−2 s−1), indicating a low signal-to-noise ratio of COS fluxes. Due to similarities in ecosystem COS and CO2 exchange, and the low signal-to-noise ratio of COS fluxes that is similar to methane, we recommend a combination of CO2 and methane flux processing protocols for COS EC fluxes.
Rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the Baltic Sea entrance
Authors: Charrieau Laurie M. , Ljung Karl , Schenk Frederik , Daewel Ute , Kritzberg Emma , Filipsson Helena L.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The Öresund (the Sound), which is a part of the Danish straits, is
linking the marine North Sea and the brackish Baltic Sea. It is a transition
zone where ecosystems are subjected to large gradients in terms of salinity,
temperature, carbonate chemistry, and dissolved oxygen concentration. In
addition to the highly variable environmental conditions, the area is
responding to anthropogenic disturbances in, e.g., nutrient loading,
temperature, and pH. We have reconstructed environmental changes in the
Öresund during the last ca. 200 years, and especially dissolved oxygen
concentration, salinity, organic matter content, and pollution levels, using
benthic foraminifera and sediment geochemistry. Five zones with
characteristic foraminiferal assemblages were identified, each reflecting
the environmental conditions for the respective period. The largest changes
occurred around 1950, when the foraminiferal assemblage shifted from a low
diversity fauna dominated by the species Stainforthia fusiformis to higher diversity and
abundance and dominance of the Elphidium species. Concurrently, the grain-size
distribution shifted from clayey to sandier sediment. To explore the
causes of the environmental changes, we used time series of reconstructed
wind conditions coupled with large-scale climate variations as recorded by
the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index as well as the ECOSMO II model
of currents in the Öresund area. The results indicate increased changes
in the water circulation towards stronger currents in the area after the
1950s. The foraminiferal fauna responded quickly (<10 years) to
the environmental changes. Notably, when the wind conditions, and thereby
the current system, returned in the 1980s to the previous pattern, the
foraminiferal assemblage did not rebound. Instead, the foraminiferal faunas
displayed a new equilibrium state.
Coupling of a sediment diagenesis model (MEDUSA) and an Earth
system model (CESM1.2): a contribution toward enhanced marine
biogeochemical modelling and long-term climate simulations
Authors: Kurahashi-Nakamura Takasumi , Paul André , Munhoven Guy , Merkel Ute , Schulz Michael
Published: October 2019

Abstract. We developed a coupling scheme for the Community Earth System Model version 1.2 (CESM1.2) and the Model of Early Diagenesis in the Upper Sediment of Adjustable complexity (MEDUSA), and explored the effects of the coupling on solid components in the upper sediment and on bottom seawater chemistry by comparing the coupled model's behaviour with that of the uncoupled CESM having a simplified treatment of sediment processes. CESM is a fully-coupled atmosphere-ocean-sea ice-land model and its ocean component (the Parallel Ocean Program version 2, POP2) includes a biogeochemical component (BEC). MEDUSA was coupled to POP2 in an off-line manner so that each of the models ran separately and sequentially with regular exchanges of necessary boundary condition fields. This development was done with the ambitious aim of a future application for long-term (spanning a full glacial cycle; i.e., ~ 105 years) climate simulations with a state-of-the-art comprehensive climate model including the carbon cycle, and was motivated by the fact that until now such simulations have been done only with less-complex climate models. We found that the sediment-model coupling already had non-negligible immediate advantages for ocean biogeochemistry in millennial-time-scale simulations. First, the MEDUSA-coupled CESM outperformed the uncoupled CESM in reproducing an observation-based global distribution of sediment properties, especially for organic carbon and opal. Thus, the coupled model is expected to act as a better bridge between climate dynamics and sedimentary data, which will provide another measure of model performance. Second, in our experiments, the MEDUSA-coupled model and the uncoupled model had a difference of 0.2‰ or larger in terms of δ13C of bottom water over large areas, which implied potential significant model biases for bottom seawater chemical composition due to a different way of sediment treatment. Such a model bias would be a fundamental issue for paleo model–data comparison often relying on data derived from benthic foraminifera.