bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pamięcioznawstwo lingwistyczne w ujęciu Wojciecha Chlebdy
Authors: Czachur Waldemar , Wójcicka Marta
Published: November 2023

LINGUISTIC MEMORY STUDIES BY WOJCIECH CHLEBDA The purpose of this paper is to present the concept of linguistic memory studies, developed by WojciechChlebda, as a research program of modern linguistics. Wojciech Chlebda assumes that memory,both individual and collective, is strongly linked to language, that is, it participates both in the formingof memory content and in its material expression: its externalizing in verbal narrations (and, morebroadly, semiotic narrations). In this context, he identifies the following challenges facing linguisticmemory studies: description and classification of linguistic exponents of memory, description of theprocess of mapping collective memories, and research on collective oblivion.
Jak frazeologizmy funkcjonują w różnych wariantach i kontekstach? Funkcjonalna analiza materiału historycznojęzykowego na podstawie jednostki jak Boga kocham
Authors: Ryś Aleksandra
Published: November 2023

How do Phraseologisms Function in Different Variants and Contexts? The Functional Analysis of Historica-Linguistic Material Based on the Unit: jak Boga kocham The paper presents a functional approach to phraseology from former colloquial Polish speech based on the lexicalized unit jak Boga kocham and its selected variant forms. The author used the elements of the socio-pragmatic method (assuming parallel analysis of the material at the sociological and pragmatic levels) to research the use of these lexicalized constructions. The bases of the material were constructed dialogues from the Korpus dawnych polskich tekstów dramatycznych (1772–1939). During the analysis, it was observed in which way the phraseological unit might realize itself in various variants and contexts. Furthermore, attention was paid to the ‘from sender to the receiver’s perspective, applying the assumptions of Wojciech Chlebda’s phrasematic conception to historical linguistics. This approach gave an opportunity to observe in which variants and socio-pragmatic contexts idioms are most often invoked in the statements of representatives of both sexes. The obtained results were interpreted on the basis of selected non-linguistic factors, primarily historical and cultural ones.
An Experiment on Gender Representation in Majoritarian Bargaining
Authors: Baranski Andrzej , Geraldes Diogo , Kovaliukaite Ada , Tremewan James
Published: November 2023

Women are underrepresented in business, academic, and political decision-making bodies across the world. To investigate the causal effect of gender representation on multilateral negotiations, we experimentally manipulate the composition of triads in a majoritarian, divide-the-dollar game. We document a robust gender gap in earnings driven largely by the exclusion of women from alliances rather than differential shares within alliances. Experiments with different subject pools show that distinct bargaining dynamics can underlie the same inequitable outcomes; gender-biased outcomes can be caused by outright discrimination, but they can also be driven by more complex dynamics related to differences in bargaining strategies. Although replacing the male with a female majority all but eliminates the gap in one pool, it has minimal effect in the other. These findings show that there is no “one-size-fits-all” solution to the gender gap we uncovered and highlight the importance of studying bargaining dynamics in detail.

This paper was accepted by Marie-Claire Villeval, behavioral economics and decision analysis.

Funding: A. Baranski recognizes financial support from Tamkeen [under the New York University Abu Dhabi Research Institute; Grant CG005]. J. Tremewan acknowledges funding from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche [Grant ANR-21-CE03-0018 (Project ENDURA)].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.01800 .
Building Socially Intelligent AI Systems: Evidence from the Trust Game Using Artificial Agents with Deep Learning
Authors: Wu Jason Xianghua , Wu Yan (Diana) , Chen Kay-Yut , Hua Lei
Published: November 2023

The trust game, a simple two-player economic exchange, is extensively used as an experimental measure for trust and trustworthiness of individuals. We construct deep neural network–based artificial intelligence (AI) agents to participate a series of experiments based upon the trust game. These artificial agents are trained by playing with one another repeatedly without any prior knowledge, assumption, or data regarding human behaviors. We find that, under certain conditions, AI agents produce actions that are qualitatively similar to decisions of human subjects reported in the trust game literature. Factors that influence the emergence and levels of cooperation by artificial agents in the game are further explored. This study offers evidence that AI agents can develop trusting and cooperative behaviors purely from an interactive trial-and-error learning process. It constitutes a first step to build multiagent-based decision support systems in which interacting artificial agents are capable of leveraging social intelligence to achieve better outcomes collectively.

This paper was accepted by Yan Chen, behavioral economics and decision analysis.

Funding: Y. (D.) Wu extends her gratitude for the financial support provided through the RSCA Seed [Grant 22-RSG-01-004] from the San Jose State University.

Supplemental Material: Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4782 .
Agricultural Supply Chains in Emerging Markets: Competition and Cooperation Under Correlated Yields
Authors: Li Jian , Kouvelis Panos , Dada Maqbool
Published: November 2023

Problem definition: We model the development of effective agricultural supply chains (agri-chains) in emerging economies for better utilization of land and intermediate processing resources for harvested export-oriented goods. We study decisions made by farmers, intermediate processors, and government officials in agri-chains. The structure and management of supply chains and government minimum guaranteed prices to farmers affect the performance of these chains and are in the domain of our study. Methodology/results: We develop models of agricultural supply chains in which yields are correlated across regions, and farmers sell to competing capacitated processors. The models have two types of fundamental decisions: determining how much land to allocate for planting before the start of a growing season and, determining the prices offered by competing processors that purchase the harvest. We develop analytical results and algorithmic approaches for finding resulting equilibria that depend on the nature of decision making and on the structure of yield uncertainty. In particular, for all-or-nothing yields, we characterize the ranges of minimum guaranteed prices that lead to farmers’ no-production, under-production, full-production and over-production equilibria. Analytical results supported by numerical experiments allow us to conclude that appropriately setting minimum price guarantees, with the exact definition of such ranges dependent on agri-chain characteristics, can lead to first-best supply chain solutions. Managerial implications: The analysis also suggests that some farmer co-operation in land allocation or regional integration of farmer-processing assets, together with moderate minimum guaranteed prices, might be implementable pathways for achieving agri-chain efficiency in emerging economies. In an interesting result, farmlands with yields of positive correlation tend to inhibit over-production, whereas those with negative correlations tend to induce over-production.

Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0076 .
Atypical Monteggia Fracture Dislocation Type 3 Equivalent Lesion in a 4-Year-Old Boy
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Istanbul Medipol University, School of Medicine, TEM Avrupa Otoyolu, Göztepe Çıkışı No: 1, 34214, Bağcılar, Istanbul, Turkey,, Uzun Alparslan , Rdan Joud Abou ,   Medical Faculty, Istanbul Medipol University, School of Medicine, Göztepe Mahallesi, Atatürk Caddesi, No:40, 34810, Kavacık, Istanbul, Turkey., Balcı Elif Betül ,   Medical Faculty, Istanbul Medipol University, School of Medicine, Göztepe Mahallesi, Atatürk Caddesi, No:40, 34810, Kavacık, Istanbul, Turkey., Deniz Eyüp ,   Medical Faculty, Istanbul Medipol University, School of Medicine, Göztepe Mahallesi, Atatürk Caddesi, No:40, 34810, Kavacık, Istanbul, Turkey., Mahoutforoush Maral ,   Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Istanbul Medipol University, School of Medicine, TEM Avrupa Otoyolu, Göztepe Çıkışı No: 1, 34214, Bağcılar, Istanbul, Turkey,, Kara Adnan ,   Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Istanbul Medipol University, School of Medicine, TEM Avrupa Otoyolu, Göztepe Çıkışı No: 1, 34214, Bağcılar, Istanbul, Turkey,
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Monteggia fracture dislocations are relatively common and debilitating traumas in <10 years of age. This is the second case reporting Monteggia type 3 equivalent injury treated by the same way while the first being reported also by our team in 2016. Case Report: A 4-year-old Caucasian male patient was admitted to our clinic by his parents at the day after his fall. A long arm splint was applied with the diagnosis of Monteggia fracture dislocation in another hospital. Conclusion: Bado introduced his classification system for Monteggia fracture dislocations in 1967. This classification system is mainly based on the direction of dislocation of the radial head. If radial head dislocated laterally with an accompanying ulnar fracture it is classified as Bado type 3 while type 4 is the anterior dislocation of the radial head accompanied with both bone forearm fracture. The unusual fracture dislocation pattern in our case is that lateral dislocation of the radial head is accompanied with both bone forearm fracture, which is an example to be named as Monteggia type 3 equivalent lesion. Closed reduction was not successful to reduce radial head. To reduce the radial head, we used an intramedullary Kirschner and a long arm splint was applied to ensure the safety of the reduction. There was no restriction in elbow movements and the result of the operation was successful. Keywords: Monteggia fracture, bado classification, radius dislocation, ulna fracture.
Patellofemoral Arthroplasty for Irreducible Chronic Bilateral Patella Dislocation-A Case Report
Authors:   Orthopedic Surgery Division, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel,, Mazzawi Elias , Elasal Alaa Abu ,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel., Keltz Eran ,   Orthopedic Surgery Division, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel,, Nierenberg Gabriel ,   Orthopedic Surgery Division, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel,
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Patellofemoral joint arthroplasty (PFJA) is mainly used to treat older patients suffering from osteoarthritis. However, this case report sheds light on the implications of this treatment for young patients suffering from patellar maltracking and secondary patellofemoral osteoarthritis (PFOA). Case Report: A female patient in her late 3rd decade of life presented with long-standing bilateral knee pain and significant functional impairment, including difficulty walking and stair climbing. She also expressed concern as a young female about her walking esthetics. Medical records indicated she underwent bilateral MPFL reconstruction in both knees simultaneously when she was 8 years old. Imaging studies revealed a bilateral complete patellar dislocation accompanied by bilateral patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis worse in the right knee. Various conservative treatment attempts were made with no or minimal relief. Consequently, bilateral PFJA was conducted, resulting in an overall transformational improvement in life quality at 39 months of follow-up on the right knee and 7 months of follow-up on the left knee. Conclusion: PFJA is extremely beneficial for treating young patients suffering from patellar maltracking and patellofemoral arthritis. This is an original case report of interest to orthopedic surgery. Not only does PFJA treat osteoarthritis, but it also improves patellar tracking and may even decrease the progression of tibiofemoral osteoarthritis. Keywords: Patella dislocation, patellofemoral joint replacement, knee laxity, patellofemoral pain, ligament laxity.
A Segmental Rupture of Achilles Tendon, its Management, and Outcome – A Rare Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Darjeeling, West Bengal, India., Mukherjee Soutrik , Banerjee Kallol ,   Department of Orthopaedics, North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Darjeeling, West Bengal, India.
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Achilles tendon is the thickest and strongest tendon of the body, spanning from the middle of the calf up to its insertion into the calcaneal tuberosity, and it is estimated to be the third most frequent tendon to rupture. Segmental Achilles tendon rupture, however, is a very rare occurrence and it comes with challenges of salvaging the tendon segment, preventing necrosis of the overlying skin, preventing infection, and preserving the repaired construct to regain good functional outcome. We present a rare case of an acute traumatic segmental rupture of Achilles tendon in a young male, its management and outcome. Case Report: A 25-year-old male suffered a direct blow to the posterior aspect of his left ankle above the heel and presented to us on the same day. On examination, a lacerated wound with visible ruptured ends of the tendon was found. A palpable gap was also felt over a proximal sutured wound and a real-time ultrasonography revealed a complete tear of Achilles tendon in the proximal site as well. Both the wounds were explored and a segmental Achilles tendon rupture was found. A dual level Krackow’s suturing was done with augmentation of the distal repair with anchorage in the calcaneus. Following a stringent post-operative rehabilitation, the patient was allowed weight-bearing from 12 weeks onward. At 6-month follow-up, the tendon continuity was intact both clinically and radiologically, and the patient was able to ambulate bearing full weight having bilaterally comparable ankle range of motion. Conclusion: Rupture of Achilles tendon is relatively common; however, a segmental rupture of the tendon is very rare and poses a challenge for optimum management. Awareness about the possible complications and addressing them with a timely intervention followed by a well-balanced rehabilitation can salvage the tendon and yield good results. Keywords: Segmental tendoachilles rupture, dual level Krackow’s repair, traumatic tendoachilles rupture
An Unusual Case of Onlay Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty Disassembly Due to Cement Interposition. A Case Report
Authors:   Shoulder and Elbow Center - Hirslanden Clinique la Colline, Geneva, Switzerland,, Brandariz Rodrigo , Lüdke Eric ,   Clinique des Cèdres, Grenoble, France, 3Hirslanden Clinique la Colline, Geneva, Switzerland., Laurencet Pierre-Alexandre , Cunningham Gregory ,   Shoulder and Elbow Center - Hirslanden Clinique la Colline, Geneva, Switzerland,
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) complication rates range between 1.4% and 28% depending on the nature of the indication. Even though glenosphere dissociation is the third most frequent complication after RSA, with an incidence that can rise to just over 12%, there is no evidence in the literature describing the disassembly between the humeral stem and its metaphysics. Case Report: It is reported a novel early failure type in a reversed shoulder arthroplasty of a healthy 72-year-old female patient, involving the disassembly of the metaphysis from an onlay tray system due to cement interposition in a reversed shoulder prosthesis. Conclusion: This case highlights a rare form of early failure after RSA as a result of a disassembly between the humeral stem and its metaphysis due to the presence of interposed cement. To prevent this complication, a two-step implantation procedure is recommended, which consists of cementing the stem before inserting the metaphyseal tray. Keywords: Reverse shoulder arthroplasty, components disassembly, early failure, complication.
Open Intra-articular Distal Femur Fracture with 21 cm Bone Loss Managed by Early Vascularized Fibula Grafting and Antibiotic Loaded Synthetic Calcium Sulfate Beads – A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Apollo Adlux Hospital, Kochi, Kerala, India,, Thankappan Ajayakumar , Nasimudeen Nizaj ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Apollo Adlux Hospital, Kochi, Kerala, India,, Chaudhari Ashish S ,   Department of Plastic Reconstruction and Aesthetic Surgery, Apollo Adlux Hospital, Kochi, Kerala, India., Raju Aebel ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Apollo Adlux Hospital, Kochi, Kerala, India,, Rasiya R ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Apollo Adlux Hospital, Kochi, Kerala, India,
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Open fractures with massive bone defect presents as challenging clinical scenario in clinical practice. If neglected, this can result in infection, non-union or severe limb length discrepancy. Autogenous vascularized fibula grafting along with stable fixation in the form of internal fixation is a viable option in such situations. Synthetic calcium sulfate is a suitable antibiotic carrier to deliver antibiotics locally to prevent infection. We report the case of an adult male who had an open fracture of the distal femur with segmental bone loss of 21 cm, managed with autogenous vascularized fibula graft and locking plates. We used antibiotic-loaded absorbable synthetic calcium sulfate beads locally during the procedure. Case Report: A 52-year-old male, a known case of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, presented to the emergency department with a comminuted open intra-articular fracture of the left distal femur with bone loss of 21 cm (arbeitsgemeinschaft fur osteosynthesefragen 33C3) following a road traffic accident. He was initially treated with meticulous debridement and internal fixation with locking compression plate. Considering the massive bone defect of 21 cm, he was planned for fibula grafting at a later stage. After 6 weeks, he underwent vascularized fibula grafting from opposite leg and an additional medial plate to stabilize the graft and augment the initial fixation. He was on regular follow-up in the outpatient department. The fracture united with no signs of infection or residual limb length discrepancy. At the latest follow-up at 7 months, he is walking independently without support and is having a functional range of knee movements. There were no post-operative complications in the right leg from where fibula was harvested. Conclusion: Autogenous vascularized fibula graft together with a locking compression plate is a practical choice in managing open fractures with segmental bone loss. The high concentration of local antibiotic delivery with the help of synthetic calcium sulfate beads helped prevent infection, which is the most dreaded complication associated with open fractures. In addition, the calcium sulfate beads promote endochondral ossification resulting in early bone union. Keywords: Distal femur fracture, vascularized fibula graft, bone loss, synthetic calcium sulfate beads, open fracture.
Hip Fracture in a Patient with Overlap Syndrome – Conundrums Involved in the Management – A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopedics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,, Narayan M Sriman , Sameer Mohamed ,   Department of Orthopedics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,, Viburajah Vidarshna ,   Department of Anaesthesia, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative condition producing symptoms of varying severity depending on the extent and progression of the disease pathology most importantly respiratory insufficiency and pulmonary complications. Myasthenia gravis (MG) on the other hand is an autoimmune condition due to the pathology involving failure of neuromuscular transmission causing muscle weakness exacerbated by activity and involvement of the respiratory muscles leading to respiratory failure. Overlap syndrome is a condition wherein both motor neuron disease (MND) and MG are present in the same patient. The safety of using muscle-relaxing agents in patients with MG undergoing major surgical procedures has so far been assessed as insufficient. There have been many concerns regarding anesthetic management in relation to complications with respiratory function in patients with ALS, with regional anesthesia being considered slightly safer. Case Report: An 81-year-old female presented with a closed injury to her left hip, and she was diagnosed to have a left neck of femur fracture. She was also a known case of bulbar MND with an overlap syndrome of MG. She was hypertensive and controlled with regular medication. She was planned for a left hip bipolar arthroplasty. Anesthetic requirements and management of these patients require a high degree of expertise and anesthesia in patients undergoing surgery is prone to more complications and mortality. In addition, as the patient had an overlap of both MG and MND, more meticulous assessment and management strategies were necessary. Conclusion: The importance and purpose of this study are to highlight a case of overlap syndrome of MND and MG patients who sustained a left neck femur fracture and underwent bipolar arthroplasty highlighting the anesthetic considerations in the patient for the procedure. We concluded that the choice of mode of anesthesia needs to be individualized based on each patient’s requirements after careful analysis of the risk-benefit ratio of general versus regional. Regional anesthesia was successfully administered for this patient. Keywords: Motor neuron disease, myasthenia gravis, fracture, arthroplasty, surgery, anesthesia.
Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis of Ankle Joint – A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Medical Sciences and Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India,, Sahu Santosh Kumar , Parichha Khusubu ,   Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences and Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, Dash Aniruddh ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Medical Sciences and Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India,, Mishra Nihar Ranjan ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Medical Sciences and Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India,
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS)is a very uncommon lesion that involves the synovium of joints, tendon sheaths, or bursae. Approximately 2.5% of cases occur around the ankle. PVNS was earlier considered to be a synovial malignancy. Complete surgical excision is curative if bony destruction is not there. Radiotherapy is rarely helpful for residual lesions. Case Report: We share a case report on PVNSof ankle in a 22-yearsold male patient. Clinical diagnosis was confirmed with the help of magnetic resonance imaging and histopathology.A surgical excision with synovectomy was carried out. Therewere no signs of recurrence in 1.5 years follow-up. Conclusion: Complete surgical excision with radical synovectomy is crucial for the treatment of PVNS in rare locations like the ankle joint. Keywords: Pigmented villonodular synovitis,anisonucleosis, synovectomy.
Characteristics of pressure injuries among geriatric patients at an Indonesian tertiary hospital: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yusharyahya Shannaz Nadia , Legiawati Lili , Astriningrum Rinadewi , Jonlean Reganedgary , Andhira Vega
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND Pressure injury develops due to sustained pressure at the bony prominence of the skin and tissues. Geriatric patients often have multiple comorbidities, predisposing them to pressure injury. Data on the characteristics of the geriatric with pressure injuries are still limited. This study aimed to report the characteristics of geriatric patients with pressure injuries admitted at a tertiary hospital in Indonesia.

METHODS This cross-sectional study used medical records of geriatric patients admitted with all stages of pressure injuries consulted to the Department of Dermatology and Venereology at a tertiary hospital in Indonesia between January 2017 and April 2021. Pressure injuries were classified based on the 2019 National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel guideline.

RESULTS 39 patients presented with varied pressure injury characteristics. The sacral region was the most reported site (36%), with stage 2 pressure injury being the most commonly found stage in the patients (74%). Interestingly, 22% of the patients had pressure injuries found on the atypical sites due to prolonged surgery or the pressure of medical devices. More than half of the patients used conventional dressings (51.3%). Immobility was found in 35.9% of the patients due to being bedridden.

CONCLUSIONS No characteristics were found as a significant risk factor for pressure injury formation during or outside the admission period. However, a history of surgery might be related to pressure injury formation during admission.
Multispectral indices for real-time and non-invasive tissue ischemia monitoring using snapshot cameras
Authors: De Winne Jens , Strumane Anoek , Babin Danilo , Luthman Siri , Luong Hiep , Philips Wilfried
Published: November 2023

An adequate supply of oxygen-rich blood is vital to maintain cell homeostasis, cellular metabolism, and overall tissue health. While classical methods of measuring tissue ischemia are often invasive, localized and require skin contact or contrast agents, spectral imaging shows promise as a non-invasive, wide field, and contrast-free approach. We evaluate three novel reflectance-based spectral indices from the 460 - 840 nm spectral range. With the aim of enabling real time visualization of tissue ischemia, information is extracted from only 2-3 spectral bands. Video-rate spectral data was acquired from arm occlusion experiments in 27 healthy volunteers. The performance of the indices was evaluated against binary Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification of healthy versus ischemic skin tissue, two other indices from literature, and tissue oxygenation estimated using spectral unmixing. Robustness was tested by evaluating these under various lighting conditions and on both the dorsal and palmar sides of the hand. A novel index with real-time capabilities using reflectance information only from 547 nm and 556 nm achieves an average classification accuracy of 88.48, compared to 92.65 using an SVM trained on all available wavelengths. Furthermore, the index has a higher accuracy compared to reference methods and its time dynamics compare well against the expected clinical responses. This holds promise for robust real-time detection of tissue ischemia, possibly contributing to improved patient care and clinical outcomes.
Surface plasmon resonance sensor based on a D-shaped hollow microstructured fiber with bimetallic film
Authors: She Yulai , Ling Tiansheng , Zhang Yuting , Du Hao , Lai Huajun , Xu Yi
Published: November 2023

A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor based on D-shaped hollow microstructured fiber with Au/ITO bimetallic film is proposed. The employment of bimetallic films improves the adhesion between optical films and fiber surfaces and further enhances the coupling effect of SPR. The effects of various structural parameters (e.g., sizes of air holes in the core and metallic film thickness) on the sensor performances are investigated with the finite element method. The maximum wavelength sensitivity of 9900 nm/RIU (RIU: refractive index unit) in the refractive index (RI) range of 1.30–1.39 is achieved, corresponding to a resolution of 1.01×10−5RIU−1. The proposed SPR sensor also exhibits a maximum amplitude sensitivity of 425.58RIU−1. These results demonstrate that the proposed D-shaped hollow microstructured fiber with the bimetallic film is a promising structure for refractive index sensing and may help design susceptible SPR fiber sensors.
Coherence as an indicator to discern electromagnetically induced transparency and Autler–Townes splitting
Authors: Laskar Arif Warsi , Adhikary Pratik , Singh Niharika , Ghosh Saikat
Published: November 2023

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler–Townes splitting (ATS) are
generally characterized and distinguished by the width of the
transparency created in the absorption profile of a weak probe in
presence of a strong control field. This often leads to ambiguities,
as both phenomena yield similar spectroscopic signatures. However, an
objective method based on Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) test
offers a quantitative way to discern the two regimes when applied on
the probe absorption profile. The obtained transition value of control
field strength was found to be higher than the value given by pole
analysis of the corresponding off-diagonal density matrix element. By
contrast, we apply the test on ground state coherence and the measured
coherence quantifier, which yields a distinct transition point around
the predicted value even in presence of noise. Our test accurately
captures the transition between two regimes, indicating that a proper
measure of coherence is essential for making such distinctions.
Designing noise-robust quantum networks coexisting in the classical fiber infrastructure
Authors: Thomas Jordan M. , Kanter Gregory S. , Kumar Prem
Published: November 2023

The scalability of quantum networking will benefit from quantum and classical communications coexisting in shared fibers, the main challenge being spontaneous Raman scattering noise. We investigate the coexistence of multi-channel O-band quantum and C-band classical communications. We characterize multiple narrowband entangled photon pair channels across 1282 nm-1318 nm co-propagating over 48 km of installed standard fiber with record C-band power (>18 dBm) and demonstrate that some quantum-classical wavelength combinations significantly outperform others. We analyze the Raman noise spectrum, optimal wavelength engineering, multi-photon pair emission in entangled photon-classical coexistence, and evaluate the implications for future quantum applications.
Thermal effect of high-power laser propagation in complex channels and its mitigation
Authors: Huang Xunqing , Xu Fei , Cheng Xiangzheng , Shao Shuai
Published: November 2023

We investigate the channel thermal effect resulting from the gas thermal blooming effect and mirror thermal deformation on the beam quality, and we propose a mitigation measure for blowing purge gases. Without gas blowing, the gas thermal blooming effect opposes the influence of mirror thermal deformation on the beam phase, resulting in significant phase distortion and offset. Noticeable distortion and divergence of the laser spot was also observed. After blowing purge gases, the beam phase was primarily determined by the mirror thermal deformation. Simultaneously, the mean-squared beam width decreased uniformly, improving the symmetry and energy concentration of the laser spot. However, the laser spot tended to stabilize when the gas velocity exceeded a certain threshold.
Anomalous polarization-sensitive Fabry-Perot resonance in a one-dimensional photonic crystal containing an all-dielectric metamaterial defect: erratum
Authors: Wu Feng , She Yuchun , Cheng Zhaoming , Hu Shi , Liu Guanghui , Xiao Shuyuan
Published: November 2023

This erratum corrects some typing errors of our original paper, Opt. Express 31(20), 32669 (2023)10.1364/OE.499830. The correction does not affect the results of the original paper.
Cavity-enhanced large third-order optical nonlinearity in AuNRs/ITO/Au plasmonic nanostructures
Authors: Wang Xia , Wu Lin Wei , Zhao Shi Ling , Shen Jing , Han Jun-Bo
Published: November 2023

A sandwich plasmonic nanostructure (AuNRs-ITO-Au) composed of random-distributed gold
nanorods (AuNRs) film, an indium tin oxide (ITO) space layer, and gold
thin film was prepared by using sputtering methods. Third-order
optical nonlinearities were investigated by using the Z-scan technique
under ultralow excitation laser powers. Fifteen times of third-order
optical susceptibility (χ(3)) enhancement has been
obtained in AuNRs/ITO/Au compared to pure AuNRs at 880 nm. The
FDTD simulation demonstrates that this enhancement is due to the
further confinement of the electric field inside the sandwich
nanostructure. The results are significant and may find applications
in ultralow-power all-optical switches and plasmonic waveguides.
Terahertz metamaterial-induced multiple transparency windows through bright-bright mode couplings
Authors: Wang Shuo , Zhang Min , Ju Anan , Wang Bo , Zhao Rong , Kong Zebin , Wang Kunshu , Lian Pengfei
Published: November 2023

Metamaterials that offer optical control over multiple transparency windows have paved the way for advancements in terahertz (THz) modulation technology. In this paper, we have conducted a systematic investigation into the interaction between THz waves and “bright” split-ring resonators (SRRs). Through manipulation of the quantity and spatial arrangement of SRRs within metamaterial structures, we have successfully induced multiple transparency windows within the THz spectrum. Furthermore, we have explored the transmitted switching ratio of both the designed single transparency window and double resonance frequency bands as a function of the azimuthal angle of the THz wave. This work offers a general strategy for designing the number of electromagnetically induced transparency windows and holds the potential for realizing multichannel memories.
Dual-microcomb generation via a monochromatically pumped dual-mode microresonator
Authors: Miao Runlin , Yin Ke , Zhou Chao , Zhang Chenxi , Yu Zhuopei , Zheng Xin , Jiang Tian
Published: November 2023

Microcombs have enabled a host of cutting-edge applications from metrology to communications that have garnered significant attention in the last decade. Nevertheless, due to the thermal instability of the microresonator, additional control devices like auxiliary lasers are indispensable for single-soliton generation in some scenarios. Specifically, the increased system complexity would be too overwhelming for dual-microcomb generation. Here, we put forward a novel approach to mitigate the thermal instability and generate the dual-microcomb using a compact system. This process is akin to mode-division multiplexing, as the dual-microcombs are generated by pumping the dual-mode of a single Si3N4 microresonator with a continuous-wave laser. Both numerical simulations and experimental measurements indicate that this innovative technique could offer a straightforward way to enlarge the soliton existence range, allowing entry into the multistability regime and triggering another microcomb alongside the main soliton pulse. This outcome not only shines new light on the interaction mechanism of microresonator modes but also provides an avenue for the development of dual-microcomb-based ranging and low phase noise microwave generation.
Subcutaneous ketamine infusion in palliative patients for major depressive disorder (SKIPMDD)—Phase II single-arm open-label feasibility study
Authors: Lee Wei , Sheehan Caitlin , Chye Richard , Chang Sungwon , Bayes Adam , Loo Colleen , Draper Brian , Agar Meera R. , Currow David C.
Published: November 2023

Background

Ketamine at subanaesthetic dosages (≤0.5mg/kg) exhibits rapid onset (over hours to days) antidepressant effects against major depressive disorder in people who are otherwise well. However, its safety, tolerability and efficacy are not known for major depressive disorder in people with advanced life-limiting illnesses.

Objective

To determine the feasibility, safety, tolerability, acceptability and any antidepressant signal/activity to justify and inform a fully powered study of subcutaneous ketamine infusions for major depressive disorder in the palliative setting.

Methods

This was a single arm, open-label, phase II feasibility study (Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry Number—ACTRN12618001586202). We recruited adults (≥ 18-years-old) with advanced life-limiting illnesses referred to four palliative care services in Sydney, Australia, diagnosed with major depressive disorder from any care setting. Participants received weekly subcutaneous ketamine infusion (0.1–0.4mg/kg) over two hours using individual dose-titration design. Outcomes assessed were feasibility, safety, tolerability and antidepressant activity.

Results

Out of ninety-nine referrals, ten participants received ketamine and were analysed for responses. Accrual rate was 0.54 participants/month across sites with 50% of treated participants achieving ≥ 50% reduction in baseline Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, meeting feasibility criteria set a priori. There were no clinically relevant harms encountered.

Conclusions

A future definitive trial exploring the effectiveness of subcutaneous infusion of ketamine for major depressive disorder in the palliative care setting may be feasible by addressing identified study barriers. Individual dose-titration of subcutaneous ketamine infusions over two hours from 0.1mg/kg can be well-tolerated and appears to produce transient antidepressant signals over hours to days.
Predicting the spatio-temporal distribution of the invasive alien plant Andropogon virginicus, in the South Korean peninsula considering long-distance dispersal capacities
Authors: Park Jeong-Soo , Lee Hyohyemi
Published: November 2023

The spread of invasive alien species is a major threat to biodiversity. Estimating the long-distance dispersal capacity of invasive alien plants is vital for understanding their population dynamics and community composition. We predicted the spatial-temporal distribution of the alien plantAndropogon virginicus, in the Korean peninsula under climate change scenario using Random Forest (RF) and Cellular Automaton (CA) methods. Land use, barriers to dispersal, long-distance dispersal frequency, and maximum long-distance dispersal range were considered in our analysis. Our results showed that, among the five selected environmental variables, annual mean temperature and Human Foot-Printing (HFP) were positively associated with the occurrence probability ofA.virginicus. This suggests thatA.virginicusis likely to spread to the disturbed northern part of the Korean Peninsula due to climate change and habitat preference. When comparing modeling results for dispersal to field survey data, the modeling raster sets drawn from the long-distance dispersal frequency of 0.05 and maximum long-distance dispersal distance of 30 km y-1had the most similar spatial expansion among the six long-distance dispersal parameter sets. The dispersal directions were associated with the landscape. Specifically, seeds dispersed by wind (anemochorous seeds) could propagate into open landscapes more easily than in forests. RegardingA.virginicusmanagement, this grass can quickly invade bare ground with their wind-dispersed seeds, therefore habitat destruction, such as excessive logging and weeding, should be restrained.
Food safety and biological control; genomic insights and antimicrobial potential of Bacillus velezensis FB2 against agricultural fungal pathogens
Authors: Hammad Masooma , Ali Hazrat , Hassan Noor , Tawab Abdul , Salman Mahwish , Jawad Iqra , de Jong Anne , Moreno Claudia Munoz , Kuipers Oscar P. , Feroz Yusra , Rashid Muhammad Hamid
Published: November 2023

Development of natural, broad-spectrum, and eco-friendly bio-fungicides is of high interest in the agriculture and food industries. In this context, Bacillus genus has shown great potential for producing a wide range of antimicrobial metabolites against various pathogens. A Bacillus velezensis strain FB2 was isolated from an agricultural field of National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE) Faisalabad, Pakistan, exhibiting good antifungal properties. The complete genome of this strain was sequenced, and its antifungal potential was assayed by dual culture method. Moreover, structural characterization of its antifungal metabolites, produced in vitro, were studied. Genome analysis and mining revealed the secondary metabolite gene clusters, encoding non-ribosomal peptides (NRPs) production (e.g., surfactin, iturin and fengycin) and polyketide (PK) synthesis (e.g., difficidin, bacillaene and macrolactin). Furthermore, the Bacillus velezensis FB2 strain was observed to possess in vitro antifungal activity; 41.64, 40.38 and 26% growth inhibition against major fungal pathogens i.e. Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani respectively. Its lipopeptide extract obtained by acid precipitation method was also found effective against the above-mentioned fungal pathogens. The ESI-MS/MS analysis indicated various homologs of surfactin and iturin-A, responsible for their antifungal activities. Overall, this study provides a better understanding of Bacillus velezensis FB2, as a promising candidate for biocontrol purposes, acting in a safe and sustainable way, to control plant pathogens.
A deterministic compartmental model for the transition between variants in the spread of Covid-19 in Italy
Authors: Saviano Mario , Fierro Annalisa , Liccardo Antonella
Published: November 2023

We propose a deterministic epidemic model to describe the transition between two variants of the same virus, through the combination of a series of realistic mechanisms such as partial cross immunity, waning immunity for vaccinated individuals and a novel data-based algorithm to describe the average immunological status of the population. The model is validated on the evolution of Covid-19 in Italy, during the period in which the transition between Delta and Omicron variant occurred, with very satisfactory agreement with the experimental data. According to our model, if the vaccine efficacy had been equal against Delta and Omicron variant infections, the transition would have been smoothed and the epidemic would have gone extinct. This circumstance confirms the fundamental role of vaccines in combating the epidemic, and the importance of identifying vaccines capable of intercepting new variants.
Development and validation of a quantitative Proximity Extension Assay instrument with 21 proteins associated with cardiovascular risk (CVD-21)
Authors: Siegbahn Agneta , Eriksson Niclas , Assarsson Erika , Lundberg Martin , Ballagi Andrea , Held Claes , Stewart Ralph A. H. , White Harvey D. , Åberg Mikael , Wallentin Lars
Published: November 2023

Background

Treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is a substantial burden to healthcare systems worldwide. New tools are needed to improve precision of treatment by optimizing the balance between efficacy, safety, and cost. We developed a high-throughput multi-marker decision support instrument which simultaneously quantifies proteins associated with CVD.

Methods and findings

Candidate proteins independently associated with different clinical outcomes were selected from clinical studies by the screening of 368 circulating biomarkers. We then custom-designed a quantitative PEA-panel with 21 proteins (CVD-21) by including recombinant antigens as calibrator samples for normalization and absolute quantification of the proteins. The utility of the CVD-21 tool was evaluated in plasma samples from a case-control cohort of 4224 patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) using multivariable Cox regression analyses and machine learning techniques. The assays in the CVD-21 tool gave good precision and high sensitivity with lower level of determination (LOD) between 0.03–0.7 pg/ml for five of the biomarkers. The dynamic range for the assays was sufficient to accurately quantify the biomarkers in the validation study except for troponin I, which in the modeling was replaced by high-sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs-TnT). We created seven different multimarker models, including a reference model with NT-proBNP, hs-TnT, GDF-15, IL-6, and cystatin C and one model with only clinical variables, for the comparison of the discriminative value of the CVD-21 tool. All models with biomarkers including hs-TnT provided similar discrimination for all outcomes, e.g. c-index between 0.68–0.86 and outperformed models using only clinical variables. Most important prognostic biomarkers were MMP-12, U-PAR, REN, VEGF-D, FGF-23, TFF3, ADM, and SCF.

Conclusions

The CVD-21 tool is the very first instrument which with PEA simultaneously quantifies 21 proteins with associations to different CVD. Novel pathophysiologic and prognostic information beyond that of established biomarkers were identified by a number of proteins.
A comparation of dexmedetomidine and midazolam for sedation in patients with mechanical ventilation in ICU: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wen Jiaxuan , Ding Xueying , Liu Chen , Jiang Wenyu , Xu Yingrui , Wei Xiuhong , Liu Xin
Published: November 2023

Background

The use of dexmedetomidine rather than midazolam may improve ICU outcomes. We summarized the available recent evidence to further verify this conclusion.

Methods

An electronic search of PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science was conducted. Risk ratios (RR) were used for binary categorical variables, and for continuous variables, weighted mean differences (WMD) were calculated, the effect sizes are expressed as 95% confidence intervals (CI), and trial sequential analysis was performed.

Results

16 randomized controlled trials were enrolled 2035 patients in the study. Dexmedetomidine as opposed to midazolam achieved a shorter length of stay in ICU (MD = -2.25, 95%CI = -2.94, -1.57, p<0.0001), lower risk of delirium (RR = 0.63, 95%CI = 0.50, 0.81, p = 0.0002), and shorter duration of mechanical ventilation (MD = -0.83, 95%CI = -1.24, -0.43, p<0.0001). The association between dexmedetomidine and bradycardia was also found to be significant (RR 2.21, 95%CI 1.31, 3.73, p = 0.003). We found no difference in hypotension (RR = 1.44, 95%CI = 0.87, 2.38, P = 0.16), mortality (RR = 1.02, 95%CI = 0.83, 1.25, P = 0.87), neither in terms of adverse effects requiring intervention, hospital length of stay, or sedation effects.

Conclusions

Combined with recent evidence, compared with midazolam, dexmedetomidine decreased the risk of delirium, mechanical ventilation, length of stay in the ICU, as well as reduced patient costs. But dexmedetomidine could not reduce mortality and increased the risk of bradycardia.
Pengaruh Reduksi Fitur Pada Klasifikasi Kanker Paru Menggunakan CNN Dengan Arsitektur GoogLeNet
Authors: Fadilah Siti Nur , Novitasari Dian Candra Rini , Hakim Lutfi
Published: November 2023

Kanker paru merupakan jenis kanker dengan  penyebab kematian terbanyak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengklasifikasikan jenis kanker paru apakah termasuk kedalam kelas lung adenocarcinoma, benign lung tissue, lung squamous cell carcinoma berdasarkan citra histopatologi menggunakan metode CNN arsitektur GoogLeNet serta reduksi fitur PCA. Evaluasi model yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan confusion matrix. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sejumlah 15000 data yang terbagi menjadi 3 kelas dengan masing-masing kelas berjumlah 5000 data. Pada penelitian ini parameter uji coba yang digunakan yaitu probabilitas dropout dan jumlah batchsize. Lalu, metode reduksi fitur yang digunakan yaitu PCA. Hasil terbaik yang diperoleh yaitu pada pembagian data 90:10 dengan nilai probabilitas dropout 0.9 dan jumlah batchsize 8 dengan memperoleh nilai akurasi, sensitivitas, spesifitas berturur-turut yaitu 99.95%, 99.97%, dan 99.86% serta membutuhkan waktu training selama 93 menit 27 detik.