bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neurological Disorders following COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors: Yang Ying , Huang Lisu
Published: June 2023

Nowadays, people all over the world have been receiving different types of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. While their effectiveness has been well recognized, various post-vaccination disorders are not fully understood. In this review, we discuss neurological disorders related to vascular, immune, infectious, and functional factors following COVID-19 vaccination, and attempt to provide neuroscientists, psychiatrists, and vaccination staff with a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. These disorders may present as a recurrence of previous neurological disorders or new-onset diseases. Their incidence rate, host and vaccine characteristics, clinical manifestations, treatment, and prognosis differ significantly. The pathogenesis of many of them remains unclear, and further studies are needed to provide more evidence. The incidence rate of severe neurological disorders is relatively low, most of which are reversible or treatable. Therefore, the benefits of vaccination outweigh the risk of COVID-19 infection, especially among fragile populations.
Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia following BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Booster: A Case Report
Authors: Lin Tzu-Chien , Fu Pei-An , Hsu Ya-Ting , Chen Tsai-Yun
Published: June 2023

Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is a life-threatening complication caused by platelet activation via platelet factor 4 (PF4) antibodies. We report a healthy 28-year-old man who developed hemoptysis, bilateral leg pain, and headaches three weeks after his third dose of the COVID-19 vaccine with the first BNT162b2 (from Pfizer-BioNTech) injection. He had previously had the first and second doses with ChAdOx1 nCov-19 without any discomfort. Serial investigations demonstrated pulmonary embolisms, cerebral sinus, and deep iliac venous thrombosis. Positive PF4 antibody assay (ELISA) confirmed the diagnosis of VITT. He had a prompt response to intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIGs) at a total dose of 2 g/kg and his symptoms are now in remission with anticoagulant. Although the definite mechanism is unknown, the VITT was most likely triggered by his COVID-19 vaccine. We report this case of VITT following BNT162b2, a mRNA-based vaccine, and suggest that VITT could still happen without the adenoviral vector vaccines.
Practices for Eutrophic Shallow Lake Water Remediation and Restoration: A Critical Literature Review
Authors: Pereira Antônio Cavalcante , Mulligan Catherine N.
Published: June 2023

Lake water has been impaired with nutrients due to the synergic action of human-made activities and climate change. This situation is increasing eutrophication around the globe faster than before, causing water degradation, loss of its uses, and water-associated economic and health effects. Following the Sustainable Development Goal 6, more precisely its target 6.6, nations are already behind schedule in protecting and restoring water-related ecosystems (i.e., rivers and lakes). As concerns with eutrophication are escalating, eutrophic water remediation practices are the keys for restoring those lake waters. Diverse methodologies have been investigated focusing on the nutrient that limit primary productivity (i.e., phosphorus), but few have been applied to in-lake eutrophic water remediation. Thus, the objective of this paper is to provide an overview and critical comments on approaches and practices for facing eutrophic lake water remediation. Information on the successful cases and possible challenges/difficulties in the peer-reviewed literature are presented. This should be useful for supporting further remediation project selection by the stakeholders involved. In summary, for a successful and durable restoration project, external nutrient inputs need to be managed, followed by holistic and region-specific methods to attenuate internal legacy nutrients that are continually released into the water column from the sediment. When aligned well with stakeholder participation and continuous monitoring, these tools are the keys to long-lasting water restoration.
Application of the 3D Inverse Design Method in Reversible Pump Turbines and Francis Turbines
Authors: Zanetti Giacomo , Siviero Monica , Cavazzini Giovanna , Santolin Alberto
Published: June 2023

The increasingly stringent requirements in terms of flexibility and efficiency for hydraulic turbines pose new challenges for designers. Although computational fluid dynamics has offered new opportunities to significantly improve the performance in the preliminary design phase, the design of a hydraulic turbine still represents a challenging task requiring considerable engineering input and know-how. In such a scenario, the inverse three-dimensional design strategy has recently demonstrated its effectiveness in improving the machine performance, and interesting applications have been proposed for Francis turbines and reversible pump turbines. This paper presents and discusses the most interesting design solutions so far documented. The influence of blade staking and load distribution on the hydrodynamic performance is discussed. Finally, optimized blade load distributions are reported to provide useful design guidelines for the development of the new generation of hydraulic turbines.
Projections of Global Drought and Their Climate Drivers Using CMIP6 Global Climate Models
Authors: Xu Feng , Bento Virgílio A. , Qu Yanping , Wang Qianfeng
Published: June 2023

Due to the complex coupling between drought and climatic factors, the future drought conditions that might occur under climate change is still unclear. In this research, we used the daily SPEI algorithm to project global drought conditions during 2016–2100 based on the data from phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). We also employed partial correlation analysis to explore the influence of climate factors on drought. Our analyses show the following: (1) Drought conditions projected by CMIP6 under different models are similar; however, they can vary widely across regions. (2) According to the MK trend test, drought conditions in most regions around the world are expected to become increasingly severe in the future, and this trend is significant. (3) Based on the results of the partial correlation analysis results, it is understood that drought events in most regions worldwide are primarily driven by precipitation. This study contributes to the discussion of projecting future drought conditions and expands the application by utilizing the state−of−the−art CMIP6 climate models and scenarios.Highlight
Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye from Wastewater by Using Doped Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Modi Shreya , Yadav Virendra Kumar , Amari Abdelfattah , Alyami Abeer Yousef , Gacem Amel , Harharah Hamed N. , Fulekar Madhusudan Hiraman
Published: June 2023

ZnO is a semiconductor material that has important physical and chemical properties, which are frequently and significantly enhanced by the addition of impurities, such as doping. A study of the structural properties of pristine and functionalized (i.e., doped with Antimony and Tungsten) ZnO nanoparticles has been conducted for the photocatalyst-based degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under both Ultraviolet (UV) and solar light. Authors have used a 1% concentration of dopant for doping purposes. The synthesized materials were characterized for structural analysis, functional group identification, spectroscopic measurements, and morphological examination using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR), UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) techniques. XRD analysis confirmed that the synthesized-doped materials retained the wurtzite hexagonal structure with a purity of 99%. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis data reveals the average size of pure ZnO-NPs was found to be 7 nm; after doping the size was found to be increased to 18 nm and 9.55 nm, respectively, for ZnO-W and ZnO-Sb. As per FESEM analysis results, minor morphological changes were observed after doping. The Ultraviolet Differential reflectance spectroscopy UV-DRS study revealed the confirmation of ZnO doping with antimony and tungsten, which exhibited a blue shift. The decrease in the band-gap on doping makes the ZnO-NPs more efficient for photocatalytic applications. The photocatalytic efficiency of pristine and doped ZnO-NPs catalysts for methylene blue photocatalytic degradation (PCD) was analyzed under both UV and solar irradiation. This study analyzed the effect of pH, nano-photocatalyst dose, and initial dye concentration (ICD) on the PCD of MB. The obtained analytical results showed that the ideal conditions for the PCD of MB dye are as follows: pH = 9, the quantity of the nano-photocatalyst used was 300 mg/L, and an initial MB dye dose of 10 ppm. These conditions lead to a PCD of about 91% of the MB dye by using ZnO-Sb nano-photocatalyst on exposure to solar radiation. The reusability study also revealed the stability of nano-photocatalysts. The current research may pave the way for the removal of hazardous dyes from wastewater discharged by many industries.
Multi-Tier Validation of a Macroscale Nitrogen Model for Groundwater Management in Watersheds Using Data from Different Monitoring Networks
Authors: Wolters Tim , Berthold Georg , Kunkel Ralf , Tetzlaff Björn , Thomas Axel , Zacharias Michael , Wendland Frank
Published: June 2023

For the Hessian river basins, an area-differentiated modeling of the nitrogen input to the groundwater and surface waters was carried out for six diffuse input pathways and six point source input pathways on the basis of the geodata available at the state level. In this context, extensive plausibility checks of the model results were carried out using the data from several official monitoring networks at the state level. These include the comparison of modeled runoff components and input pathways for nitrogen using the data from the network of discharge monitoring stations. For the validation of the modeled nitrate concentrations in the leachate, the data from groundwater monitoring wells for controlling the chemical status of groundwater were used. The validation of the modeled nitrate inputs to the groundwater and denitrification in the groundwater was carried out using the data from a special monitoring network of groundwater monitoring wells that include N2/Ar measurements. The data from the Surface Water Quality Monitoring Network were used to verify the plausibility of the modeled total N inputs to the surface waters from diffuse sources and from point sources. All of the model results evaluated by the plausibility checks prove that the nitrate pollution situation in Hesse is adequately represented by the model. This is a prerequisite for accepting the model results at the state level as a basis for developing and implementing regionally appropriate mitigation measures. The Hessian State Agency for Nature Conservation, Environment and Geology uses the model results in the broader context of the work on implementing the EU Water Framework Directive and the EU Nitrate Directive.
Macrophyte- and Macrozoobenthic-Based Assessment in Rivers: Specificity of the Response to Combined Physico-Chemical Stressors
Authors: Varadinova Emilia , Gecheva Gana , Tyufekchieva Violeta , Milkova Tanya
Published: June 2023

The importance of adequate biological assessments of rivers based on aquatic assemblages is essential to establish recovery measures. Macrophyte and macroinvertebrate communities react differently in time and in response strength to diverse stressors. Our hypothesis was that each group response is a result of specific and combined abiotic factors and each stressor’s impact. To address the above, both biological quality elements (BQEs) and values of the ecological quality ratio (EQR) were studied in relation to four abiotic parameters and five physico-chemical stressors. Discrepancies of more than one degree between the ecological status assessments of Bulgarian river sites determined using macrophytes and macrozoobenthos were discussed. The RDA analysis showed that altitude had a determining role in shaping the abundance of macrophyte and macrozoobenthos communities. Aquatic flora richness positively correlated with nitrogen enrichment and macroinvertebrate fauna—with altitude and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). Nutrients and shading were most significant for the ecological status evaluation defined with both macrophytes and macrozoobenthos. Macrophyte-based EQR was related to oxygen concentration and shading, while macroinvertebrate-based EQR was better at sites with coarser substrates. Among tested stressors, mainly total nitrogen and BOD explained the lower macrophyte-based assessment at half of the studied sites. In conditions of increased nitrogen and BOD, but remaining in the range of good status, macrophytes as primary producers gave a faster and stronger response. Despite the differences in the assessment, both BQEs have higher values in conditions of lower BOD and total phosphorus.
Wastewater Irrigation: A Promising Way for Future Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Al Hamedi Fatima Hasan , Kandhan Karthishwaran , Liu Yongming , Ren Maozhi , Jaleel Abdul , Alyafei Mohammed Abdul Muhsen
Published: June 2023

In the recent past, the production of wastewater from domestic and industrial sources steadily increased through population growth, urbanization, the Industrial Revolution, and economic development. In the world, 80% of wastewater consists of several harmful substances and hazardous chemicals that cause many deadly effects on human beings as well as ecosystems. So, the elimination of this toxic substance before discarding it into landfills is utilized as an alternative source of water which is an emerging need. Using treated wastewater for agricultural purposes is an excellent approach to rendering wastewater beneficial. As the quantity of wastewater grows, it becomes necessity to redistribute the water in a beneficial way. The rapidly increasing world population will undoubtedly increase the food demand, which directly requires more water for irrigation purposes. The rapidly increasing world population rate will undoubtedly demand an increased food production rate, which directly impacts agricultural water usage. In order to achieve sustainability in terms of agricultural water usage, alternative water resources should be explored. In this review, we tried to focus on summarizing all the leading studies in the field of wastewater utilization, the most prominent treatment methods, and a benchmarking of their technical efficiency in agriculture with special emphasis on agriculture in the marginal lands, with special emphasis on the United Arab Emirates.
Advantages and Technological Progress of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles
Authors: Mo Tiande , Li Yu , Luo Yang
Published: June 2023

The automotive industry is undergoing a profound transformation driven by the need for sustainable and environmentally friendly transportation solutions [...]
Trends and determinants of GPs’ work hours in the UK: a quantitative study
Authors: Núñez-Elvira Alberto
Published: June 2023

Background

Information on the hours of work of UK doctors is limited, and what exists relies on self-designed questionnaires in England.

Aim

To understand trends in the annual stock of physicians’ hours and their main determinants.

Design & setting

A quantitative study in which data were collected from the Quarterly Labour Force Survey (QLFS) between 1998 and 2020, under the End User Licence (EUL), in the UK.

Method

Descriptive and linear regression models of labour supply for doctors (pooled), GPs, and hospital doctors.

Results

Between 1998 and 2020, while the headcount of doctors grew by 128.79% for hospital doctors and 45.28% for GPs, hours of work dropped by 20.80% for hospital doctors and 25.37% for GPs. Hence, the annual stock of hours grew by 81.20% for hospital doctors but by a modest 8.42% for GPs. Female doctors worked 8.68 fewer hours than males, with GPs reporting the largest reduction (–11.82 hours, 95% confidence interval [CI] = –13.31 to –10.33 and –6.75, 95% CI = –9.32 to –4.19, in the full specification). Family decisions are associated with a fall in doctors’ work hours and modest growth in the annual stock of hours. These determinants and overtime are drivers of part-time work.

Conclusion

Despite the increase in the headcount of GPs, their hours of work dropped over the study period, generating a more steady and modest growth in their total annual stock of hours compared with hospital doctors. Female GPs work fewer hours than male GPs and are more likely to work part-time due to childbearing, marriage/co-habitation, and overtime work.
Profiling and automated decisions concerning consumers in the insurance market and threats to their right to privacy and the right of disposal over their personal data
Authors: Szafraniec Monika
Published: June 2023

The innovation of insurance companies’ access to Big Data to collect additional information about the customer or verify the data provided by the customer can bring benefits to both parties, but also generate risks for the consumer. In the article, the author points out that in the business insurance market, profiling and automated decision-making should be distinguished depending on how personal data is used. This is relevant to decision-making by insurance companies in individual cases with regard to consumers without their consent based solely on automated processing, including profiling of their personal data. Within the scope of the analyzed issue, the obligation to provide information to the consumer about the fact of subjecting him to personalization treatments using automated data analysis tools was also presented. The consumer’s privacy mechanisms based on providing information to the consumer and obtaining the consumer’s consent are of debatable effectiveness. It seems that the protection of personal data in the current consumer trade should be regulated by public law instruments applied by regulatory bodies at the EU and member state levels.
Polemicznie o dopuszczalności uwzględnienia rabatów i upustów przy ustalaniu odszkodowania kosztorysowego z ubezpieczenia odpowiedzialności cywilnej posiadaczy pojazdów mechanicznych
Authors: Kucharski Bartosz , Matysiak Wiktor
Published: June 2023

Artykuł dotyczy problemu uwzględniania w ramach ubezpieczenia OC PPM przez zakłady ubezpieczeń w ustalaniu odszkodowań metodą kosztorysową rabatów i upustów możliwych do uzyskania przez poszkodowanego w warsztatach współpracujących z zakładem. Zdaniem autorów możliwość uwzględnienia rabatów i upustów zależy od okoliczności konkretnego przypadku i co do zasady nie może ograniczać prawa poszkodowanego do wyboru warsztatu, z którego usług chciałby skorzystać, choćby ceny usług w tym warsztacie przekraczały ceny usług w zakładach partnerskich ubezpieczyciela.
Kontrowersje związane z ustalaniem przez Komisję Nadzoru Finansowego zasad określania wysokości odszkodowania z obowiązkowego ubezpieczenia OC posiadaczy pojazdów mechanicznych
Authors: Orlicki Marcin
Published: June 2023

Artykuł dotyczy kontrowersji związanych z określaniem przez Komisję Nadzoru Finansowego, w wydanych przez nią rekomendacjach, zasad ustalania wysokości odszkodowania wypłacanego przez ubezpieczycieli z obowiązkowego ubezpieczenia odpowiedzialności cywilnej posiadaczy pojazdów mechanicznych. W artykule zostały opisane wątpliwości dotyczące kompetencji organu nadzoru w zakresie dokonywania wiążącej dla zakładów ubezpieczeń wykładni prawa cywilnego. Szczegółowo opisano problemy związane z zasadami ustalania rynku lokalnego serwisów samochodowych, zasadami zwrotu kosztów najmu pojazdu zastępczego, zasadami uwzględniania rabatów na części zamienne oraz regułami zawierania ugód między ubezpieczycielem a osobą poszkodowaną.
ECJ – Group organizer as a distributor by the terms of IDD Commentary Judgement of the Court (First Chamber) of 29 September 2022 in case C‑633/20, Bundesverband der Verbraucherzentralen und Verbraucherverbände – Verbraucherzentrale Bundesverband eV v. TC Medical Air Ambulance Agency GmbH, ECLI:EU:C:2022:733.
Authors: Fras Mariusz , Zgonina Oskar
Published: June 2023

Article 2(3) and (5) of Directive 2002/92/EC of the European Parliament and ofthe Council of 9 December 2002 on insurance mediation, as amended by Directive 2014/65/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 May 2014, and of Article 2(1)(1), (3) and (8) of Directive (EU) 2016/97 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 January 2016, on the distribution of insurance, as amended by Directive (EU) 2018/411 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 March 2018, must be interpreted as meaning that the concept of ‘insurance intermediary’ and, therefore, that of ‘insurance distributor’, within the meaning of those provisions, covers a legal person whose activity consists in offering its customers membership on a voluntary basis, in return for payment which it receives from them, of a group insurance policy to which it has subscribed previously with an insurance company, where that membership entitles those customers to insurance benefits in the event, in particular, of sickness or accident abroad.
Coping Behaviors and Incident Kidney Disease
Authors: Novick Tessa K. , Custer James , Zonderman Alan B. , Evans Michele K. , Hladek Melissa , Kuczmarski Marie , Rathouz Paul J. , Crews Deidra C.
Published: June 2023

Key Points

Adaptive coping behaviors are associated with lower odds of incident CKD.

Coping behaviors could represent a target to prevent CKD.

Background

How someone copes may alter the trajectory of their kidney function. We aimed to evaluate whether coping behaviors were associated with incident CKD or rapid kidney function decline.

Methods

We used data from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study (Baltimore, MD) for this longitudinal analysis. Adaptive and maladaptive coping behavioral constructs were measured using the Brief COPE Inventory at visit 1. We used multiple logistic regression to assess the odds of incident CKD and rapid kidney function decline per point increase in coping scales and adjusted for baseline demographics and clinical variables.

Results

Of 1935 participants, mean age was 48 years, 44% were male, 56% were Black persons, and baseline mean (SD) eGFR was 91 (16) ml/min per 1.73 m2. After a median of 8.2 years, 113 participants developed incident CKD and 341 had rapid kidney function decline. Compared with those who reported they usually did not use adaptive coping behaviors at all (such as emotional support), those with the highest use of adaptive coping had lower odds of incident CKD. Every 1-unit increase in adaptive coping corresponded with a 2% lower adjusted odds of incident CKD (odds ratio, 0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.95 to 0.99). There was no association between maladaptive coping behaviors and incident CKD. Coping behaviors were not associated with rapid kidney function decline.

Conclusions

Adaptive coping behaviors were associated with lower odds of incident CKD and could represent a target to facilitate CKD prevention. The role of medical care in this association is an area worthy of further investigation.
Assessing Instructional Sensitivity Using the Pre-Post Difference Index: A Nontechnical Tool for Extension Educators
Authors: Adedokun Omolola
Published: June 2023

This article provides an illustrative description of the pre-post difference index (PPDI), a simple, nontechnical yet robust tool for examining the instructional sensitivity of assessment items. Extension educators often design pretest-posttest instruments to assess the impact of their curricula on participants' knowledge and understanding of the concepts taught. Although the use of pretests and posttests is common in Extension evaluation, the validity and reliability of these tests are rarely reported or discussed, mostly due to many Extension educators' limited knowledge of various statistical methods. The PPDI method described in this article should be a useful addition to Extension educators' evaluation toolboxes.
Building Capacity within Extension to Address Animal Agriculture in a Changing Climate
Authors: Powers Crystal , Stowell Rick , Heemstra Jill , Whitefield Elizabeth , Harrison Joe , Schmidt David , Jacobson Larry , Smith David , Mukhtar Saqib , Knox Pam , Risse Mark , Hawkins Gary , Pronto Jennifer , Gooch Curt
Published: June 2023

The Animal Agriculture in a Changing Climate project was formed to build capacity among Extension professionals and other livestock advisors to address climate change issues. We offer a case study of how a small team can build national capacity for new topics. We used a coordinated multiregional approach to leverage national efforts applied to locally relevant climatology, production systems, and climate issues. Key insights on overcoming challenges centered on (a) engaging audiences with local, historical trends and agricultural impacts, (b) beginning with adaptation, rather than mitigation of climate change, and (c) providing strategies for effectively communicating science during controversy. Program participants found the project valuable and substantially increased their ability and motivation to apply climate science.
Power of Produce: Farmers' Market Incentive Program Targeting Eating Behaviors of Children
Authors: Norman Jessica , Moore Amy , Beman Mildred , Kelly Patrick , Barlow Patrick
Published: June 2023

The Power of Produce (PoP) Club is a farmers' market incentive program for children aged 5–12. The purpose of the summative evaluation described in this article was to determine the impact of the PoP Club on improving family and child behavior at a Minnesota farmers' market as well as child fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption. Results from a self-reported retrospective survey completed by parents suggest that the PoP Club is a valuable program, with participating parents reporting increased family attendance and child engagement at the farmers' market and increased F&V consumption by children at home.
Repro Money: An Extension Program to Improve Dairy Farm Reproductive Performance
Authors: Cordoba Maria , Ruegg Pamela , Shaver Randy , Weigel Kent , Carvalho Paulo , Fricke Paul , Cabrera Victor
Published: June 2023

A farmer-directed, team-based Extension program (Repro Money) was developed and executed by the University of Wisconsin–Madison Department of Dairy Science in collaboration with University of Wisconsin–Extension. The goal of the Repro Money program was to help Wisconsin dairy farmers increase reproductive performance and profitability through identification of areas for improvement and implementation of action plans. For the 40 Wisconsin dairy farms that completed the Repro Money program, mean 21-day pregnancy rate increased by 2 percentage points, which was estimated to result in an economic net gain of $31 per cow per year. Extension professionals can apply similar team-based programs to tackle multifaceted, interrelated problems that may be only partially addressed by other, more traditional programming.
Needs-Based Training and Online Resource for Managers of Rural Festivals, Fairs, and Events
Authors: Olson Eric , Rajagopal Lakshman
Published: June 2023

Festivals, fairs, and events (FFEs) provide rural communities with economic and noneconomic benefits. For the project described in this article, we conducted a needs assessment of Iowa FFE managers by surveying them about the challenges they face in event management and then used the results of the assessment as the basis for training sessions provided to rural FFE managers in five areas of the state and development of an associated event management resource. The resource can be used by Extension and outreach offices to provide local FFE managers guidance on managing FFEs. We discuss broader implications for Extension as well.
Nonprofit Partnerships in Extension Programming: A Pilot Study
Authors: Jones Jennifer , Pracht Dale , Simonne Eric , Renfrow Kelsey , Hunter Caitlin
Published: June 2023

Strategic collaboration between Extension faculty and nonprofit organizations has the potential to reduce costs, generate revenue, and improve programmatic outcomes for all involved. Through a mixed-methods pilot study, we examined how and to what extent such collaboration exists. Data sources included the National Center for Charitable Statistics, the Foundation Center, and results from a survey administered to county Extension faculty in one administrative district in Florida. Findings indicate that although Extension faculty partner with nonprofits, further development of these partnerships could lead to increased revenue generation and programmatic outcomes. Our methods and findings may help inform future research and development of strategic partnerships elsewhere within Extension.
Psoríase: aspectos etiopatogênicos, métodos diagnósticos e condutas terapêuticas
Authors: Pascoal Gabriela Nunes , Barreto Mariana Versiani , Nardelli Carine , De Moraes Iago Montanha Pinto , Caldeira Lara Bardella , Valente Guilherme da Costa , Fontana Luiza Lubiana , Concetto Maeli Brito , De Sousa Rebecca Bacellar Barreto
Published: June 2023

A psoríase consiste em uma doença inflamatória crônica e autoimune caracterizada pelo aparecimento de placas eritemato-escamosas na superfície da pele, principalmente nos cotovelos, nos joelhos e no couro cabeludo, a qual afeta significativamente o bem-estar e a qualidade de vida dos portadores. Etiologicamente, sabe-se que a psoríase é multifatorial e está relacionada com fatores imunes, genéticos, ambientais, entre outros. Em virtude da sua variedade etiológica, a epidemiologia é variada e a incidência depende de diversos fatores. A patogênese se dá pela interação entre os linfócitos T e os queratinócitos da pele, resultando em uma proliferação exagerada dessas células. As manifestações clínicas decorrentes da psoríase são muito amplas e variam de paciente para paciente e conforme a apresentação e gravidade da doença. Contudo, a lesão clássica caracteriza-se como uma placa eritematoescamosa bem delimitada, podendo atingir qualquer parte da pele, o que diferencia os diversos tipos de psoríase existentes. No que tange ao diagnóstico, este é, frequentemente, clínico, baseado na história de evolução e características clínicas das lesões. Comumente, utiliza-se métodos para confirmação diagnóstica, como a curetagem metódica de Brocq e a biópsia da lesão. Ademais, escores de gravidade da doença são, usualmente, utilizados, como o PASI e o DLQI. O manejo terapêutico é imprescindível, a fim de evitar evolução do quadro e piora substancial na qualidade de vida. Inicialmente, o manejo pode ser realizado com terapias tópicas, como calcipotriol, agentes ceratolíticos, corticoides tópicos e etc. A fototerapia também é indicada, pelo seu benefício comprovado e, em casos graves, associa-se o uso de fármacos sistêmicos, como corticoides orais, agentes imunomoduladores e etc. Vale ressaltar que o uso de emolientes para a pele e a exposição solar controlada devem ser indicadas em associação à qualquer modalidade terapêutica.
Simultaneously Constructing Asymmetrically Coordinated Cobalt Single Atoms and Cobalt Nanoclusters via a Fresh Potassium Hydroxide Clipping Strategy toward Efficient Alkaline Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Wang Peng , Zhang Ruimin , Wang Ke , Liu Yunjie , Zhang Lisheng , Wang Xiaojun , Li Huifang , He Yan , Liu Zhiming
Published: June 2023

Single-atom catalysts based on metal–N–C constituents facilitate oxygen reduction reaction kinetics due to super-high atomic utilization efficiency. However, conventional isolated atoms suffer from coordination symmetry and make less use of electron interaction between adjacent metal sites, which severely impedes its electrocatalytic activity. In response, we creatively issue a feasible potassium hydroxide clipping strategy through breaking up partial Co–N bonding and reconstructing Co–Co coordination, thus simultaneously implanting abundant Co atomic clusters and Co single atoms (SAs) on the surface of covalent organic framework (COF)-derived N-doped carbon nanospheres, which are intertwined by surrounding carbon nanotube (CNT) networks. This elaborately designed Co
AC-SAs
/N–C@CNT catalyst combines the benefits of the asymmetrically coordinated Co–N
2
configuration and Co–Co electronic interaction, which exert great influence on local atomic microenvironment of metal sites and, thus, efficiently modulate the electronic structure. Then, the optimized d-band center of Co centers contributes to weakening oxygen intermediate adsorption and to reducing the rate-determining step energy barrier. Meanwhile, because of the unique surface chelation mechanism between COF matrix and Co cations, the as-optimized Co centers are homogenously stabilized on the carbon outermost shell, further maximizing active sites efficiency. As expected, the Co
AC-SAs
/N–C@CNT catalyst harvests superior oxygen reduction reaction catalytic kinetics in alkaline medium, surpassing the commercial Pt/C catalyst.
Mulberry Biomass-Derived Nanomedicines Mitigate Colitis through Improved Inflamed Mucosa Accumulation and Intestinal Microenvironment Modulation
Authors: Yang Wenjing , Ma Ya , Xu Haiting , Zhu Zhenhua , Wu Jiaxue , Xu Cheng , Sun Wei , Zhao Erhu , Wang Min , Reis Rui L. , Kundu Subhas C. , Shi Xiaoxiao , Xiao Bo
Published: June 2023

The therapeutic outcomes of conventional oral medications against ulcerative colitis (UC) are restricted by inefficient drug delivery to the colitis mucosa and weak capacity to modulate the inflammatory microenvironment. Herein, a fluorinated pluronic (FP127) was synthesized and employed to functionalize the surface of mulberry leaf-derived nanoparticles (MLNs) loading with resveratrol nanocrystals (RNs). The obtained FP127@RN-MLNs possessed exosome-like morphologies, desirable particle sizes (around 171.4 nm), and negatively charged surfaces (−14.8 mV). The introduction of FP127 to RN-MLNs greatly improved their stability in the colon and promoted their mucus infiltration and mucosal penetration capacities due to the unique fluorine effect. These MLNs could efficiently be internalized by colon epithelial cells and macrophages, reconstruct disrupted epithelial barriers, alleviate oxidative stress, provoke macrophage polarization to M2 phenotype, and down-regulate inflammatory responses. Importantly, in vivo studies based on chronic and acute UC mouse models demonstrated that oral administration of chitosan/alginate hydrogel-embedding FP127@RN-MLNs achieved substantially improved therapeutic efficacies compared with nonfluorinated MLNs and a first-line UC drug (dexamethasone), as evidenced by decreased colonic and systemic inflammation, integrated colonic tight junctions, and intestinal microbiota balance. This study brings new insights into the facile construction of a natural, versatile nanoplatform for oral treatment of UC without adverse effects.
Enhancing Offensive Language Detection with Data Augmentation and Knowledge Distillation
Authors: Deng Jiawen , Chen Zhuang , Sun Hao , Zhang Zhexin , Wu Jincenzi , Nakagawa Satoshi , Ren Fuji , Huang Minlie
Published: June 2023

Offensive language detection has received important attention and plays a crucial role in promoting healthy communication on social platforms, as well as promoting the safe deployment of large language models. Training data is the basis for developing detectors; however, the available offense-related dataset in Chinese is severely limited in terms of data scale and coverage when compared to English resources. This significantly affects the accuracy of Chinese offensive language detectors in practical applications, especially when dealing with hard cases or out-of-domain samples. To alleviate the limitations posed by available datasets, we introduce AugCOLD (Augmented Chinese Offensive Language Dataset), a large-scale unsupervised dataset containing 1 million samples gathered by data crawling and model generation. Furthermore, we employ a multiteacher distillation framework to enhance detection performance with unsupervised data. That is, we build multiple teachers with publicly accessible datasets and use them to assign soft labels to AugCOLD. The soft labels serve as a bridge for knowledge to be distilled from both AugCOLD and multiteacher to the student network, i.e., the final offensive detector. We conduct experiments on multiple public test sets and our well-designed hard tests, demonstrating that our proposal can effectively improve the generalization and robustness of the offensive language detector.
Pengaruh Ekstrak daun Carica papaya terhadap Mortalitas dan Pertumbuhan Larva Spodoptera frugiperda
Authors: Ramadhan R. Arif , Nasrudin Nasrudin
Published: June 2023

Invasion by Spodoptera frugiperda causing yield lossin maize production in Indonesia. Efforts to control S. frugiperda generally use synthetic pesticides, however, the use of synthetic pesticides can result in various negative impacts on the environment and health. Alternative control of S. frugiperda utilization is usingbotanical pesticides. One of the plants in Indonesia that has the potential to be developed as a botanicalpesticide is Carica papaya. C. papaya leaves extract is expected to reduce the use of synthetic pesticides in Indonesia. This research was conducted at the Agrotechnology laboratory, Universitas Perjuangan Tasikmalaya in May-September 2022. The study was arranged in a completely randomized design withonecontrol treatment, aqueous and methanol extract from C. papaya leaves 1-4%. Each treatment was repeated 4 times so that 36 trials were obtained. Each experimental unit used 10 instar2 S. frugiperda larvae. The treatment was given using the residue method on feed. The mortality value was based on treatment with 4% methanol extract with a mortality value of 75±5.77%. 3% aqueous extract had the best effect on the inhibition of growth of S. frugiperda larvae, with an average larval weight of 203 mg.
An unusual blend; IgA nephropathy and anti GBM disease
Authors: Jose Nisha , Indhumathi Elayaperumal , Bindra Mandeep , Sundar Raj Selvin , Jayakumar M
Published: June 2023

Anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease is a rare illness with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. The typical presentation (90% of cases) of anti-GBM is with a rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) in conjunction with pulmonary disease in 25-60% of cases. In its atypical form – seen in 10% of cases, anti GBM disease takes on a chronic form, presenting with long standing renal dysfunction, proteinuria and better renal prognosis when compared to the typical form of the disease. The known associations of anti-GBM disease are with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)vasculitis and membranous nephropathy. In this case report, a young lady with atypical anti-GBM disease is described with a most unusual association with IgA nephropathy. This association is rare and only described in few case reports worldwide. The possible pathogenesis, clinical features, treatment and outcome of this disease are also elucidated.
Extensive renal cortical necrosis in a postpartum patient after COVID-19 infection
Authors: Abbasi Ata , Makhdoomi Khadijeh , Babaei Shadi , Banaie Behzad , Mahmoudzadeh Leila , Rahimi Sepideh , Porteghali Parham
Published: June 2023

It has been more than two years since the COVID-19 pandemic affects the world. COVID-19 affects other organs in addition to the respiratory system. Renal cortical necrosis is a severe kidney injury due to decreased renal arterial perfusion induced by vascular spasm, microvascular injury and endovascular thrombosis. Acute kidney injury is a common finding in COVID-19; however, renal cortical necrosis is rare. To the best of our knowledge, only one case of renal cortical necrosis has been reported in the literature.
Rhabdomyolysis following Oxford/AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccination; two case reports from Iran
Authors: Hashemi Marzieh , Sajadi Ghazaleh , Pourajam Samaneh
Published: June 2023

Defined as the destruction of the skeletal muscle wall and the release of cellular contents into the bloodstream, rhabdomyolysis has been reported as a complication for some forms of vaccines. On the other hand, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to the extensive production and use of several vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, meanwhile, the side effects of these vaccines are gradually being reported. Up to now, few cases of rhabdomyolysis due to COVID-19 vaccination have been reported in the studies. The present study intended to report two cases of rhabdomyolysis due to vaccination with Oxford/AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines. The patients were two men aged 70 and 75 years old who presented to a healthcare facility with weakness, myalgia, nausea, and vomiting for about ten days after receiving their first dose of the Oxford/AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. Patients had elevated levels of creatine phosphokinase (CPK), which were 5540 IU/L and 18760 IU/L in patients, respectively.
The importance of screening for hypertension in children and adolescents
Authors: Alaei Maryam , Ghazanfar Hashemi Mohamad , Chatrnour Gelayol , Fakhre Yaseri Amirhossein
Published: June 2023

Hypertension (HTN) is the most prevalent chronic non-infected disease and the greatest cause of adult premature mortality. Although in the past clinicians assumed that HTN in childhood and adolescents is uncommon, it is currently a significant public health issue and this narrative review aimed to assess the new finding regarding screening for HTN in Children and adolescents. Relevant English publications were extracted from Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. As there are gaps regarding recommendations, guidelines, and screening for HTN in children and adolescents, this review tried to notice some important points.
Contrast-induced nephropathy; an update on pathophysiology
Authors: Yadollahi Fars Yasaman , Moghadasi Razieh , Shayanpour Shokouh
Published: June 2023

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a well-known complication of contrast media administration for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. The incidence of CIN has increased with the widespread use of diagnostic imaging and contrast media. CIN is a pathological condition that typically occurs within 48 hours of exposure to contrast material and results in an increase in serum creatinine levels of more than 44 µmol/L (0.5 mg/dL) or 25% above baseline or an increase in serum creatinine of more than 1.5 times the baseline level within 7 days of exposure to contrast material or a reduction in urine output to less than 0.5 mL/h for at least 6 hours after exposure to contrast material. The mechanism of CIN is not fully understood, but it is thought to involve direct nephrotoxic effects of contrast particles, hemodynamic changes, hypoxia and oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, and immune responses. Prevention of CIN involves identifying the risk factors and taking appropriate measures to mitigate them. Currently, there is no definitive treatment for CIN, and treatment is mainly symptomatic, with supportive care being the mainstay. Experimental treatments such as renal replacement therapy, extracorporeal blood purification, and stem cell therapy are being investigated, but their clinical efficacy is yet to be established.
Human Trafficking, Kejahatan Transnasional Dalam Prespektif Prinsip Nasional Aktif Di Indonesia
Authors: Prasada Dewa Krisna , Nandari Ni Putu Sawitri , Ari Rama Bagus Gede , Mahadewi Kadek Julia
Published: June 2023

Kejahatan transional sudah menjadi ancaman yang berskala besar di setiap negara-negara di dunia, tak terkecuali di Indonesia sendiri. Kejahatan Transnasional lebih lanjut jikat dilihat dari Deklarasi ASEAN di Manila tahun 2017 mengkategorikan human trafficking sebagai salah satu kejahatan transional. Kajian ini berfokus pada metode yuridis normatif (normative legal research), dengan menelaah bahan-bahan yang bersumber pada bahan kepustakaan. Dalam kajian ini akan dilihat beberapa permasalahan yang perlu dibahas, antara lain apakah sudah ada ratifikasi trafficking in person atau human trafficking dalam hukum positif di Indonesia? dan bagaimana sanksi terhadap sindikat perdagangan manusia berdasarkan prinsip nasional aktif di Indonesia? Tujuan dari dibuatnya riset mengenai kejahatan transional dalam kejahatan perdagangan manusia ini jika dilihat secara arti luas agar masyarakat tau bentuk-bentuk modus sindikat-sindikat yang memberikan tawaran menjadi TKI yang legal namun dibalik itu terdapat niat jahat. Kajian ini berfokus pada metode yuridis normatif (normative legal research), dengan menelaah bahan-bahan yang bersumber pada bahan kepustakaan. Hasil pembahasan dari kajian ini yaitu Indonesia sebagai negara hukum sudah meratifikasi beberapa instrument hukum internasional ke dalam hukum positif, seperti Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1998 tentang Pengesahan Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman Or Degrading Treatment Or Punishment (Konvensi Menentang Penyiksaan Dan Perlakuan Atau Penghukuman Lain Yang Kejam, Tidak Manusiawi, Atau Merendahkan Martabat Manusia).  Dalam penerapan prinsip nasional aktif terhadap pelaku tindakan human trafficking Pasal 5 KUHP (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana) sudah menentukan bahwa Indonesia memeiliki kewenangan terhadap warga negaranya yang melakukan tindak pidana di luar wilayah yurisdiksinya.
Tawaran Paradigma Pengembangan Perbankan Syariah Berbasis Hukum Profetik
Authors: Iksan  , Munir  , Nasrullah  , Khairunnisa
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan tawaran paradigma dalam pengembangan perbankan syariah yang dinilai masih belum sepenuhnya bebas dari praktik riba. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan filosofis dengan menggunakan analisis kualitatif-deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menawarkan paradigma profetik dalam pengembangan perbankan syariah dengan dua pertimbangan pertama secara teologis pengembangan perbankan syariah tidak boleh menyimpang dari alquran dan hadits bahkan dosanya sama seperti berzina dengan ibu kandung. Kedua, penyatuan pengelolan dan regulasi antara zakat dengan perbankan syariah menjadi alternatif dalam pengembangan perbankan syariah berbasis hukum profetik. Di mana dana zakat dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber anggarannya sekaligus pihak perbankan dapat menjadi amil dalam pengumpulan data zakat Sedangkan perbankan syariah mengelola dana zakat dengan prinsip zakat produktif
EKOLOGI MANUSIA: Rekonstruksi Moralitas Tradisi Mbojo-Bima, Samawa, Dan Sasak Dalam Keberlanjutan Lingkungan Hidup NTB
Authors: Ridwan
Published: June 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini, ingin mengetahui pertama, pola kerusakan lingkungan di NTB, kedua, upaya penegak hukum dalam menanggulangi kerusakan lingkungan di NTB, ketiga, rekonstruksi harmonisasi ekologi manusia, dan moralitas budaya Suku Mbojo-Bima, Suku Samawa, dan Suku Sasak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum empiris dengan pendekatan sosiologi hukum, pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan filosofis. Sumber data berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Analisis heuristic dan interpretative. Hasil temuan menunjukkan, bahwa pola kerusakan lingkungan di NTB adanya peralihan fungsi hutan, perambahan hutan, tambang ilegal, pembalakan liar, aktivitas pertanian, penggunaan herbisida dan pestisida yang berlebihan. Upaya yang dilakukan oleh penegak hukum dan pemerintah NTB berupa penyuluhan hukum, identifikasi kawasan hutan, penindakan yang meliputi penangkapan, penahanan, rehabilitasi hutan, dan pembasmian tanaman jagung milik masyarakat setempat. Berangkat dari problem itu khusus pada aspek penegak hukum dan penerapan kebijakan masih dianggap lemah, demi menjaga lingkungan yang berkelanjutan (sustainable environmental) maka penelitian ini menawarkan konsep timbal balik antara lingkungan, alam, dan manusia dengan pendekatan pengembalian (reconstruction) moralitas masyarakat terdahulu baik secara teologis, kultural, maupun historical Suku Mbojo, Sasak dan Samawa. Novelty dari penelitian ini, belum ada yang melakukan kajian dari sudut etika dan filosofis khusus tentang ekologi manusia rekonstruksi moralitas tradisi mbojo, samawa dan sasak dalam keberlanjutan lingkungan hidup di NTB.