bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blast disease and wheat production in Brazil
Authors: Torres Gisele Abigail Montan , Ferreira Jéssica Rosset , Binneck Eliseu , Maciel João Leodato Nunes , Consoli Luciano
Published: April 2022

Abstract This review paper presents the current context of wheat production in Brazil, the management strategies to reduce yield losses due to blast, and the biotechnological approaches to improve wheat resistance. Wheat blast or brusone is caused by the Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum (MoT) pathotype fungus that can infect all the aboveground parts of the plant. The main symptom of the blast disease is spike bleaching that impairs grain production, causing yield losses up to 100% in susceptible wheat cultivars. The first world report of blast in wheat spikes was in Brazil, in 1985, and, currently, the disease is the main constraint to wheat cultivation in tropical and subtropical areas of the Cerrado and Mata Atlântica biomes. For a long time, the use of fungicides has been found to be ineffective under high-pressure disease conditions. However, recent works have pointed out that fungicide efficiency depends on the integration of other control measures, particularly the choice of cultivars with moderate resistance. In this review paper, the high variability of wheat reaction to MoT is presented, as well as a panel of resistant or moderately resistant cultivars (including non-2NS carriers), promptly available for cultivation in regions where blast is endemic.
“Good Work” and the training of pedagogues
Authors: Pátaro Cristina Satiê de Oliveira , Arantes Valéria Amorim
Published: April 2022

Abstract The exploratory research aimed at analyzing how students of the Pedagogy Licentiate Course understand the Good Work concept, which is based on principles of excellence, ethics, and engagement. To that end, activities proposed by the GoodWork Toolkit were developed and contemplated the three dimensions of the concept. 18 licentiate degree students attending the final year of the Pedagogy program at a state university in Paraná took part in the investigation. The results indicate that issues related to excellence and, in a more restrict way, to ethics are strongly present in the participants’ comprehensions, although they primarily focus on individual components and those of the activity’s scope, to the detriment of aspects that are linked to the education field and the broader society. The engagement dimension – which focuses on personal satisfaction and accomplishment when performing professionally, as well as on the meaning that work acquires to the self – ends up in the background because of the necessity and survival aspects associated with work, and, also, to the emphasis given to the qualified practice of the functions. The analyses suggest the relevance in deepening, in the teacher training, subjects related to professional ethics, in addition to the commitment and responsibilities that embrace not just the individual scope but also the impacts of work on the society. It is also important to emphasize, in Pedagogy courses, the engagement dimension, which can even help to give a new meaning to teaching as a calling.
Gesund und fit bleiben im Homeoffice
Authors:   Wilkhahn Wilkening + Hahne GmbH & Co. KG, Bad Münder, Remmers Burkhard
Published: April 2022

Zahlreiche valide Studien zeigen die Dringlichkeit der Verhaltensprävention für gesundes Arbeiten zuhause und an dritten Orten. Weil das mobile Arbeiten selbstvertändlicher Bestandteil der Büroarbeitsformen bleiben wird, sollte darüber hinaus auch die Verhältnisprävention ins Blickfeld rücken.
‘Something is Not Okay’: Bodily Expressions of Grief for Street-Involved Youth
Authors: Selfridge Marion
Published: April 2022

The experiences of grieving among street-involved youth are both highly visible and invisible. Their actions of living outside, engaging in money-making by approaching passersby, trading in and using drugs and alcohol, or simply hanging around in public spaces make them exposed and visible to the public. Yet, the stories that brought youth to the street and the scope of the losses they have sustained are hidden. Henry Giroux (2006, 175) describes the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina as the new ‘biopolitics of disposability’ in that poor and racialised groups ‘not only have to fend for themselves in the face of life’s tragedies but are also supposed to do it without being seen by the dominant society’. This Photo Essay makes visible the bodily expressions of grief from participants in my doctoral research, Grieving Online, to create understanding into the profound losses and ways in which they cope.
Harm Reduction⁠— And What Keeps Us From Embracing It Fully
Authors: Meng Eana Xuyi , Lenhard Johannes
Published: April 2022

In this Review essay, we examine some of the latest and needed scholarship on harm reduction: Travis Lupick’s Fighting for Space: How a Group of Drug Users Transformed One City’s Struggle with Addiction (2018); Jarrett Zigon’s A War on People: Drug User Politics and a New Ethics of Community (2019); Kimberly Sue’s Getting Wrecked: Women, Incarceration, and the American Opioid Crisis (2019); and Nancy Campbell’s OD: Naloxone and the Politics of Overdose (2020). Our authors present us with intimate windows into a diverse array of geographies, peoples, and technologies—from women’s jails, prisons, and community treatment programmes in Massachusetts to Vancouver’s downtown; from Copenhagen’s safe injection sites to prisons in Scotland. While varied in methods and approaches, these works unequivocally push for alternative imaginings to what one of Campbell’s protagonists dubs the ‘North American disaster’. Harm reduction is front and centre to these authors’ envisioning of a kinder, more loving, and more accepting future. Embracing harm reduction both requires and initiates a radical rethinking of how drug use is viewed, and our authors have given us crucial insight and analyses into how such reorientations are possible. We encourage continued scholarship on this topic, especially on non-Western options.
Flood frequency analysis – Part 1: Review of the statistical approach in South Africa
Authors: D van der Spuy  , JA du Plessis
Published: April 2022

Statistical flood frequency analyses of observed flow data are applied to develop regional empirical and deterministic design flood estimation methods, particularly for application in cases where no, or insufficient, streamflow data are available. The soundness of the statistical approach, in the estimation of flood peak frequencies, depends on the availability of long records with good-quality observed flow data. With flood frequency methods currently under review in South Africa, a sound statistical approach is considered essential. This paper reviews the statistical flood frequency approach in South Africa, which includes an appraisal of the capability of the most commonly used probability distributions in South Africa to properly cope with the challenges encountered in a flood frequency analysis, based on extended experience in flood hydrology. All the distributions tend to perform poorly when lower probability frequency events are estimated, especially where outliers are present in the dataset. Research needs are identified to improve flood peak frequency estimation techniques, and practical pointers are suggested for the interim, in anticipation of updated methods. The importance of a visual interpretation of the data is highlighted to minimise the risk of not selecting the most appropriate distribution.
Establishing an economically and biologically sustainable and viable inland fisheries sector in South Africa – pitfalls of ‘path dependence’
Authors: Mafaniso Hara
Published: April 2022

Small-scale fisheries play a significant role in livelihoods and food and nutrition security for millions of people around the world. However, these benefits are under threat, especially in developing countries such as in Africa, as a result of poor governance. The historical developmentalist and welfarist approach to management of small-scale fisheries in developing countries, dating back from colonial era, has resulted in problems of open-access regimes that usually lead to over-capitalisation, geographic spread of landing sites that makes it difficult to organise fishers for management activities, inadequate management capacity and poor funding of the sector. These lead to over-exploitation and degradation of fish resources, thereby negatively impacting the current and long-term benefits for small-scale fishing communities and society at large. Most countries that start off with such problematic fisheries management regimes and set on this path find it very difficult to reform the regimes. This article argues that South Africa needs to draw lessons from the mistakes of other (developing) countries in terms of the type of fisheries management regime governing small-scale fisheries, as it sets up and creates a new inland small-scale fisheries sector. Such ‘path dependence’ can set a country on courses of action and decisions that are extremely difficult to reverse and extricate a country from. There is no doubt of the need for more equitable distribution of access rights and benefits to inland fisheries for communities that had been excluded and marginalised under colonialism and apartheid. However, this has to been done without endangering the fish resources and in effect the very sustainable social-economic benefits that such reforms intend to achieve.
Türk Güldürü Sinemasında Lümpen Tipler: Geniş Aile Serisinin Mizah Kuramları Bağlamında İncelenmesi
Authors: TÜRKAVCI Erdem , YILDIRAN ÖNK Ürün
Published: April 2022

Türk Sineması’nda büyük seyirci kitlelerine ulaşan filmlerin önemli bir kısmını güldürü türündeki filmler oluşturmaktadır. 2000 sonrasında üretilen bu filmlerde yapımcıların seyirciye lümpen olarak adlandırılabilecek tiplerin anlatısını sunmayı tercih ettiği görülmektedir. Araştırmanın amacı, Marx’ın toplumsal bir grubu tanımlamak amacıyla ortaya attığı lümpen kavramı üzerinden oluşturulan mizahın, yerli güldürü sinemasındaki yansımasını incelemektir. Araştırmada amaçlı örneklem yöntemi doğrultusunda hem ana hem de yardımcı kahramanları lümpen tipler olan Geniş Aile: Yapıştır (2015) ve Geniş Aile 2: Her Türlü (2016) filmleri seçilmiş, bu filmler anlatı analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Filmlerdeki lümpen tipler üzerinden yapılan çözümlemeler, lümpenliğin filmlerin anlatılarında bir mizah unsuru olarak kullanıldığına işaret etmekte, lümpen tiplerin ise mizahın Üstünlük, Uyumsuzluk ve Rahatlama Kuramları aracılığıyla kurgulandığı görülmektedir.
OECD Ülkelerinin Endüstri 4.0 Performanslarının Çok Boyutlu Ölçekleme Yöntemi ile İncelenmesi
Authors: GÜRLER Cem , GÜRSOY Umman Tugba
Published: April 2022

Endüstri 4.0 kavramı ilk kullanıldığı andan itibaren, ülkelerin ve şirketlerin dikkatini çekmiştir. Şirketler Endüstri 4.0’a uygun olarak dönüşümlerini gerçekleştirmektedir. Ülkeler de benzer şekilde gerekli yatırımları yaparak, kendilerini rekabetçi bir konuma getirmeye çalışmaktadır. Mevcut çalışmada, Ekonomik İşbirliği ve Kalkınma Teşkilatı’na (OECD) üye ülkelerin (Letonya, İsrail ve İzlanda hariç, 33 ülke), Huawei tarafından yayınlanan Küresel Bağlanabilirlik Endeksinde yer alan geniş bant, bulut, nesnelerin interneti ve yapay zekâ değişkenlerine göre birbirlerine yakın konumlanan ülkelerin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda, çok boyutlu ölçekleme yöntemi kullanılarak veriler analiz edilmiştir. Çok boyutlu ölçekleme analizi sonucunda stress değeri 0,09599 ve R2 değeri 0,96953 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Verilerden elde edilen sonuçlara göre ülkeler, 2 boyutlu düzlemde gösterilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, birinci boyutta en yüksek pozitif değere sahip olan ülke Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, negatif en yüksek değere sahip olan ülke ise Türkiye’dir. Türkiye’nin en yakın olduğu ülkeler sırasıyla Polonya, Meksika, Slovenya ve Yunanistan’dır.
Revised Electroencephalography Terminology and Clinical Consideration
Authors: Kim Hong Jin , Kim Sang Yeon , Kang Hyun Goo , Ryu Han Uk
Published: April 2022

Electroencephalography (EEG) has been used for decades to evaluate and assess brain function. It is a useful method to diagnose brain disorders. However, confirmed interpretation of EEG is quite challenging because there is no standardized method for EEG reading and this may lead to interrater variability even among expert electroencephalographers. In this background, uniformly accepted nomenclature for EEG pattern were required to improve interrater agreement and to support communication for EEG research. American Clinical Neurophysiology Society (ACNS) established the standardized critical care EEG terminology since 2012 and has recently published the revised 2021 version of EEG terminology. This review covers new concepts of 2021 ACNS EEG terminology and clinical considerations of various EEG patterns.
Workload in Emergency Rooms among Clinical Specialties and Overburdened Neurologists
Authors: Kim Daeyoung , Jo Nathan , Cha Jae-Kwan , Choi Hojin , Jeong Sang Wuk , Koh Im Seok , Yang Kwang Ik , Park Kwang-Yeol , Lee Kyung-Bok , Lee Woong-woo , Shin Dong Hoon , Shin Dong Jin
Published: April 2022

Background: To evaluate workload in emergency rooms (ERs) among clinical specialties including neurology and investigate characteristics of neurological consultations in ER.Methods: A nationwide survey was conducted to evaluate the number of specialists, resident physicians/surgeons, and emergency consultations of each clinical specialty in Korean tertiary referral hospitals from 2018 to 2019. Characteristics of neurological emergency consultations during the same period were investigated in one of the hospitals that participated.Results: A total of 23 hospitals were included. Four irrelevant clinical specialties were excluded. The number of neurology specialists and resident physicians were 12.5/hospital (4.1% of all specialists) and 6.4/hospital (3.4% of all resident physicians/surgeons), respectively, while the mean numbers of specialists and resident physicians or surgeons per clinical specialty were 13.7/hospital and 8.6/hospital, respectively. Neurological consultations accounted for 11.0% of all ER consultations for severe patients (Korean Triage and Acuity Scale level 1-3). Annual ER consultations for severe patients per neurology specialist was 274.1, which was only second to pediatrics (290.0). Annual ER consultations for severe patients per resident physician was 406.6 which was 1.6 times higher than the second highest (internal medicine, 247.0). Frequent conditions for neurological ER consultation were dizziness (24.8%), motor weakness (23.9%), headache (10.6%), dysarthria (9.9%), and seizures (7.7%). Frequent primary diagnoses were cerebrovascular diseases (29.0%) and episodic and paroxysmal disorders (24.9%).Conclusions: Workloads of neurology specialists for ER consultation were significantly heavy, and the workload of neurology resident physicians was the heaviest among all specialties. This should be considered in health care policies.
Central Positional Nystagmus in Focal Dentate Nucleus Lesion
Authors: Kwon Hyesoo , Lee Hyung , Kim Hyun Ah
Published: April 2022

Central positional nystagmus arises due to disruption of brainstem or cerebellar vestibular networks. Most of patients with central positional nystagmus had lesions focal or diffusion cerebellar or pontine lesion. From a clinical perspective, the presence of central positional nystagmus is thus highly predictive of lesions in the posterior fossa, including the vestibular apparatus, brainstem vestibular nuclei, and midline cerebellar structures within the vermis. We experienced central positional nystagmus in focal infarction in dentate nucleus.
[RETRACTED] Apple Keto Gummies Australia Reviews [100% Apple Keto Work and natural] Is It Safe? v1
Authors: not provided officialcerysgilbert
Published: April 2022

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[RETRACTED] RevSkin Cream Is Clinically tested Buy Now On the Official Website v1
Authors: not provided BihnyHeler
Published: April 2022

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cDNA Library Preparation for scRNA-seq (10x Genomics) v1
Authors: not provided molmer , Lotz Martin , Mondala Tony , Head Steven
Published: April 2022

Samples are processed using V2 barcoding chemistry kits of 10x Genomics. For each run, 10,000 cells from individual donors arelabeled with distinct oligo-barcoded antibodies (cell hashing), enabling us to pool samples from both conditions on each 10X Genomics run and reduce batch effects.All samples from a given experiment areprocessed in parallel in the same thermal cycler. The 10x user guide can be found https://assets.ctfassets.net/an68im79xiti/1C16trEdzy1Folq5xbOijE/7e6fb1f504e130bd561d898384da99d9/CG000315_ChromiumNextGEMSingleCell3-_GeneExpression_v3.1_DualIndex__RevB.pdf and is also an attached document.
[RETRACTED] Sun Valley CBD Gummies v1
Authors: H H
Published: April 2022

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[RETRACTED] Subgenix Keto - Lose Weight Extremely Quickly? - Easiest Thing To Eat For Lose Weight v1
Authors: Keto Subgenix
Published: April 2022

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[RETRACTED] Subgenix Keto - Lose Weight Fast in 3 Weeks ( Easy Ways to Lose Weight Naturally (Subgenix Keto) v1
Authors: Keto Subgenix
Published: April 2022

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Analytic Solvability of the H¨ormander Problem and the Borel Transformation of Multiple Laurent Series
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Leinartas Evgeny K.
Published: April 2022

In this paper, the initial-boundary value problem of Hormander is formulated in the class of functions representable by Laurent series supported in rational cones. Using the Borel transformation of Laurent series we establish a connection between a differential and a difference problems and prove its global analytic solvability
A Note on Explicit Formulas for Bernoulli Polynomials
Authors:   University of Bouira, Khaldi Laala
Published: April 2022

For r 2 { 1; - 1; 1 2 } , we prove several explicit formulas for the n-th Bernoulli polynomial Bn (x), in which Bn (x) is equal to a linear combination of the polynomials xn, (x + r)n ; : : : ; (x + rm)n, where m is any fixed positive integer greater than or equal to n
Some Observations on Koide Formula
Authors:   ", Fabiano Nicola ,   Vinˇca",   Institute of Nuclear Sciences – National Institute of the Republic of Serbia
Published: April 2022

The Koide parameter for leptons and quarks is discussed. A probabilistic approach is used to verify if the results obtained in the various cases are purely coincident
Morera’s Boundary Theorem in Siegel Domain of the First Kind
Authors:   Karakalpak State University, Kurbanov Bukharbay T.
Published: April 2022

The paper considers the realization of the matrix unit polydisk in the form of a Siegel domain of the first kind and proves the boundary analogue of Morera’s theorem
Nuevos estudios para el conocimiento del Castell de Castalla(Alicante, España): análisis de la malacofauna medieval
Authors: Mira Rico Juan Antonio , Martín Cantarino Carlos , Ortega Pérez José Ramón
Published: April 2022

Entre 2009 y 2017, se ejecutó el Proyecto de recuperación social del Conjunt Patrimonial del Castell de Castalla (Alicante, España). Una de sus líneas de trabajo, fundamentales, fue el estudio los materiales arqueológicos, inéditos. Caso, por ejemplo, de la fauna, los carbones, la madera y, ahora, de la malacofauna, con el objetivo de seguir reconstruyendo el paleoambiente del castillo entre los siglos XI y XV.

Los 432 taxones estudiados proceden de los niveles andalusíes (siglo XI-1244) y cristianos (siglos XIV y XV), documentados en 1998 y 1999. Tres corresponden a malacofauna marina (una valva de Glycymeris sp. y dos ejemplares de Charonia lampas). El resto –Iberus gualtierianus alonensis, Otala punctata, Cornu aspersum, Sphincterochila candidissima, Theba pisana, Pseudotachea splendida y Cernuella virgata– son gasterópodos terrestres. Se trata de especies de cierto tamaño y comestibles. Por lo tanto, parece que se recolectaron con fines alimenticios.
Wackestones and Grainstones Geochemistry from Baturaja Formation, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia: Origin and Depositional Environment
Authors: Irzon Ronaldo , Maryanto Sigit , Syafri Ildrem , Kurnia Kurnia , Jazuli Heri Hermianto , Hartanto Priyo
Published: April 2022

Limestone members of the Baturaja Formation at Rambangnia Traverse in Sumatra are classified into wackestones, packstones, grainstones, and floatstones based on microfacies discrimination. This study compared the geochemistry characteristics of the wackestones and the grainstones at the traverse to define their material origins and sedimentation environment. A total of ten samples were analyzed using XRF for 11 oxides and 12 trace elements composition. The samples are carbonates with a minimum fraction of dolomite or magnesite. Clastic material of eroded Kikim Formation is the major impurity origin in the limestone without considerable sulfate content. The wackstones signify a higher detrital input rate and contain more clay which increased during CaO separation than the grainstones. Iron in the wackstones was lost through diagenesis while sodium in the grainstones was precipitated directly from seawater. According to V/Cr and Cu/Zn ratios, the wackestones were deposited in more oxic condition than the grainstones. The studied carbonates have not been affected by a considerable post-depositional alteration based on their geochemistry characteristics.
The Effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaf Aqueous Extract on Seed Yield and Fibre Quality of Linseed under Water Deficit Stress
Authors: Khan Asif Ullah , Ullah Faizan , Zafar Sadia , Khattak Adnan , Irshad Muhammad , Hussain Ishtiaq , Hussain Masroor
Published: April 2022

Moringa oleifera leaf extract contains active ingredients with stimulatory effects on natural processes of plants like uptake of nutrients, photosynthesis, biomass production and flowering. Therefore, we conducted field experiments to determine the effects of M. oleifera leaf aqueous extract (MLAE) on growth and fibre quality of three linseed varieties viz. Roshni, BL1 and Chandni under water deficit stress for two years. Water deficit stress was imposed during tillering growth phase (60 days after sowing) by skipping four irrigations, keeping 40% soil field capacity. The MLAE (5%) was applied to leaves once before the start of water deficit stress period and next 15 days after imposition of water deficit stress. Analysis of MLAE showed the presence of natural phenolics (150 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/mL extract) and essential nutrients like Ca, Mg, K, Zn, Mn, and Fe. Positive impact of the MLAE was observed on plant height, tillers production, leaf chlorophyll pigments, phenolics content, sugars content, seed yield and fibre quality of linseed both under non-stress and water deficit stress. Our studies concluded that MLAE can be a probable approach for maintaining normal growth and fibre quality of linseed plants under short supply of water.
Kesan Kaedah Pengeringan dan Pelarut yang Berbeza terhadap Kandungan Fenol, Aktiviti Antioksidan dan Antihiperglisemik Ekstrak Rizom Halia Hutan (Alpinia mutica Roxb.)
Authors: Lim Chue Li , Abdul Rahman Hafeedza , Arshad Zulika , Hassan Noorhadi Najihah , Mohd Razali Noorul Syuhada , Lim Seng Joe , Sofian-Seng Noor-Soffalina
Published: April 2022

Alpinia mutica Roxb. (Zingiberaceae), juga dikenali sebagai halia hutan ialah sejenis tumbuhan yang kaya dengan sumber bahan bioaktif, berupaya menentang sel kanser dan berpotensi untuk bertindak sebagai agen antioksidan. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan kaedah pengeringan (pengeringan ketuhar (PK) dan sejuk beku (PB)) serta penggunaan campuran pelarut etanol dan air pada nisbah yang berbeza (100:0, 50:50 dan 0:100) terhadap kandungan fenol, aktiviti antioksidan dan antihiperglisemik ekstrak rizom A. mutica (ERA). Kandungan fenol ERA dikaji dengan ujian penentuan Jumlah Kandungan Fenol (TPC) manakala aktiviti antioksidan ditentukan dengan Ujian Aktiviti Penyingkiran Radikal Bebas (DPPH) dan Ujian Kuasa Penurunan Ferik (FRAP). Aktiviti antihiperglisemik dikaji melalui perencatan enzim α-glukosidase. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa penggunaan kaedah pengeringan dan pelarut yang berbeza mempengaruhi kandungan fenol, aktiviti antioksidan dan kesan antihiperglisemik ERA. Sampel PK yang diekstrak dengan nisbah pelarut 100:0 menunjukkan aktiviti antioksidan (DPPH) dan kesan antihiperglisemik yang terbaik dengan nilai kepekatan perencatan separuh maksimum (IC50) yang paling rendah, 550.94 ± 50.02 dan 84.97 ± 11.69 µg/mL. Sampel PK (100:0) juga mencatatkan kandungan fenol (155.55 ± 9.36 mg GAE/g ekstrak) dan nilai FRAP (108.98 ± 10.08 mg TEAC/g ekstrak) yang tertinggi dengan perbezaan yang ketara berbanding dengan sampel lain (p < 0.05). Korelasi positif antara TPC dengan aktiviti antioksidan dan antihiperglisemik menunjukkan kebarangkalian bahawa sebatian fenol ialah komponen yang bertanggungjawab terhadap aktiviti biologi yang diperoleh. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa teknik pengeringan dan nisbah pelarut ekstrak yang digunakan jelas mempengaruhi kandungan fenol, aktiviti antioksidan dan kesan antihiperglisemik (ERA).
Phenethyl p-coumarate and N-phenethyl-p-coumaramide: Synthesis, Characterization, Docking Studies, and Anticancer Activity through P388 Cell
Authors: Firdaus Firdaus , Soekamto Nunuk Hariani , Seniwati Seniwati , Firdausiah Syadza , Rasyid Herlina , Bahja Bahja , Islam Muhammad Fajar
Published: April 2022

Most p-coumaric acid derivatives and molecules containing phenethyl moiety have a potential in anticancer activity. Thus, combining a p-coumaroyl group and a phenethyl moiety in one compound will increase anticancer activity. The principal objective of this research was to incorporate p-coumaroyl and phenethyl moieties to form an ester, phenethyl p-coumarate (5), and an amide, N-phenethyl-p-coumaramide (6), then tested their anticancer activity using P388 leukemia murine cells. The characterization by FTIR method, compound 5 gave a strong absorption band of alkyl C-O bond that appears at 1165,00 cm-1, and compound 6 gave a sharp and medium absorption band of N-H bond that appears at 3396.64 cm-1. Docking studies of both compounds showed a hydrogen bond with Ile839 residue, and an additional hydrogen bond appeared between compound 6 and Ser991 residue. Based on their activity against P388 leukemia murine cells, these compounds are more active than their analog compounds of N-feruloylpiperidine and N-feruloylmorpholine, which have been synthesized previously. Compounds 5 and 6 have a high potential to be used as anticancer drugs.
The Effect of the Quantization of the Centrifugal Stretching on the Analysis of the Rotational Spectra of Even-Even Nuclei
Authors: Abu El Sheikh Mohd Kh. M. , Okhunov Abdurahim A. , Abu Kassim Hasan , Leong Yoon Tiem
Published: April 2022

An approach based on the idea that the spinning nucleus being stretched out along the symmetry axis under the influence of some of centrifugal force has been proposed. The stretching in this work is treated within the framework of quantum mechanics rather than classical mechanics which had been used by Diamond Stephens and Swiatecki. Our approach led to a new formula that describes the dependence of the moment of inertia on the angular momentum. This formula is applied for the calculation of rotational ground state bands of eveneven nuclei in the atomic mass range 150  A 190 and that having energy ratios in the range between 4 2 2.9  E / E  3.33 . The results show an overall agreement with the experimental data up to high level energies. There are a small and systematic deviation appears at 12 I  . This deviation increases with the increasing in I and also differs from one nucleus to another.
Editorial: Networks and Organizing Processes in Online Social Media
Authors: Lee Seungyoon
Published: April 2022

Online social media present unprecedented opportunities and challenges for a range of organizing processes such as information sharing, knowledge creation, collective action, and post-disaster resource mobilization. Concepts and tools of network research can help highlight key aspects of online interaction. This editorial introduction frames the thematic issue along three themes of networked processes: identity and identification; interaction patterns in online communities; and challenges and cautionary notes concerning social media organizing. A diverse range of country contexts, as well as theoretical and methodological approaches illustrated in this issue, represent the multifaceted research that scholars can undertake to understand networked organizing on social media.
Choice of Law for Utilitarian Digital Rights Regulation
Authors: Kuzmenkov M. Yu.
Published: April 2022

Digital rights are increasingly becoming the subject of legal research. At the same time, from a practical point of view, research in the field of legal regulation of utilitarian digital rights is of greatest interest since it is this type of asset that is most often issued in ICO. Given tokens is a cross-border phenomenon and, as a rule, tokens are freely available to foreign investors, it is crucial that legal regulation of this area be considered in terms of private international law. For example, it is interesting that utilitarian digital rights have different names and legal content in different jurisdictions. Therefore, the definition of the applicable law plays a significant role in the legal regulation of cross-border circulation of utilitarian digital rights. In this paper, the author considers existing approaches to determining the legal nature of utilitarian digital rights, and develops an algorithm for determining the law applicable to transactions with utilitarian digital rights, taking into account various legal factors.
Legal Regulation of Plagiarism Counteraction in the State Scientific Certification Procedures
Authors: Teymurov E. S.
Published: April 2022

The need to improve the quality of dissertation research requires establishing effective legal instruments to fight plagiarism. It is of particular relevance in the light of the reform of the state scientific certification system aimed at providing more freedom to leading scientific organizations in awarding academic degrees. The study is devoted to identifying problems that arise in implementation of the existing tools to fight plagiarism, finding ways to eliminate them, as well as analyzing the best practices of organizations that independently award academic degrees. First, plagiarism counteraction is ensured by fixing the requirements for independent preparation of a dissertation and inadmissibility of using materials without reference to the author or other sources. According to the new model of state scientific certification, some organizations fix both the supporting nature of checking for plagiarism through special programs and the need for an expert review of the report. It is advisable to use the threshold values for the originality of the text based on the results of automated verification as a necessary condition at the stage of preparation by the organization of the conclusion on the dissertation. Detailed regulation of the procedure for checking research on the amount of plagiarism ensures transparency and increases the efficiency of certification procedures, and helps protect the rights of applicants. All applied forms of peer review and control of dissertation research are aimed, among other things, at fighting plagiarism. The well-established practice of posting dissertations, abstracts, information about persons involved in certification procedures on the Internet, information about facts of plagiarism found in the texts of dissertations, as well as a ban on re-defending such dissertations, should be recognized as a special tool for fighting plagiarism.
Disorder of the intestinal microbial tissue complex after a new coronavirus infection as an interdisciplinary problem
Authors: Grigorovich Marina S.
Published: April 2022

The occurrence of diarrhea in comorbid patients with COVID-19 infection against the background of microbiocenosis disorders may be a factor in the worse outcome of the disease. The biggest threat posed by diarrhea is dehydration. Evaluation, control and timely correction of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, allowing to identify signs associated with dehydration, impaired water and electrolyte balance, intestinal microecology and phenomena of increased epithelial permeability. It is important to consider the risk of diarrhea in patients undergoing massive therapy for COVID-19. On the example of a specific clinical case, the most common mistakes in managing patients with acute/persistent diarrhea are analyzed. The tactics of managing a patient with diarrheal syndrome after a COVID-19 infection has been defined and substantiated, the importance of a holistic approach to solving patient problems from the standpoint of the one health concept has been substantiated.
Pros and cons of using face masks for non-specific prevention of new coronavirus infection
Authors: Kuznetsov Nikolay I. , Moiseeva Irina E.
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of literature data regarding both the positive value of the use of masks during a pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 and the negative effect that occurs when wearing masks. The analyzed data of studies on the effectiveness of the use of personal protective equipment in the form of masks did not indicate their type. The results of most studies have shown that the positive effect of using masks exceeds the identified short-term deviations in the physiological parameters of the body due to their use.
Identification and evaluation of guide RNA design determinants for anti-HIV-1 therapy using CRISPR/Cas9
Authors:   , Chung Cheng-Han , Wigdahl Brian , Dampier William Nathanial
Published: April 2022

Genome editing of latently integrated HIV-1 provirus using CRISPR/Cas9 has shown promising therapeutic potential to deliver a cure for the disease. The RNA-guided gene editing system is comprised of a guide RNA (gRNA) and Cas9 protein that induces genomic edits at targeted regions defined by the complementary sequence in the gRNA. Previous results using CRISPR/Cas9 to inactivate HIV-1 replication have achieved long-term HIV-1 suppression in both in vitro and in vivo infection models. However, there has not been a systematic examination of HIV-1 inactivation efficiency and off-target effects. A comprehensive meta-analysis of all current literature was conducted and important determinants that affect therapeutic outcome have been proposed. This analysis and other growing evidence have shown that the existing HIV-1 sequence variants derived from the latent HIV-1 reservoir reduced therapeutic efficacy and allowed for viral escape. We hypothesized that gRNA design methods considering genetic variation of HIV-1 sequences that are present among infected individuals will enhance efficacy of CRISPR-mediated antiviral therapy, prevent resistance, and decrease off-target effects. These methods led to development of a gRNA targeting HIV-1-specific NF-[kappa]B binding sites in the HIV promoter or long terminal repeat (LTR) that showed moderate efficiency at suppressing HIV-1 replication and low off-target effects. These results have indicated the utility of these prediction tools in future design pipelines. The review of gRNA literature also revealed that there is a lack of research in developing novel tools that target the global HIV-1 strains. Given this observation, a computational tool was developed to produce a list of gRNAs that have been predicted to be effective across global HIV-1 subtypes for further evaluation. In addition, throughout this work, analysis of CRISPR-mediated off-target profiles unraveled the effect of DNA accessibility on CRISPR editing efficiency. The results showed that correlations between sequence similarity and CRISPR-induced cleavage frequency was altered by the presence of cellular factors that modulated the level of DNA accessibility. This dissertation has demonstrated that understanding the genetic variation of HIV-1 and DNA accessibility of the proviral genome is indispensable to a CRISPR-mediated antiviral strategy.
Effects of morphine and HIV-1 Tat on the blood-brain barrier
Authors:   , Marino Jamie , Nonnemacher Michael R.
Published: April 2022

Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has decreased the severity of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), but more than 50% of HIV-1-infected individuals still suffer from some form of neurologic impairment, however, the underlying mechanism in the development of HAND is still unclear. Factors involved in the onset of neurodegenerative diseases, such as HAND, have been linked to central nervous system (CNS) damage, neuro-inflammation and altered blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. Previous studies demonstrated that morphine, a mu-opioid commonly prescribed for pain management of HIV-1-associated neuropathy, increases BBB permeability to cellular passage by modulating expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). We have shown that clinically relevant concentrations of morphine exposure do not significantly alter barrier permeability, influence chemokine gradients, or induce PBMC transmigration across the BBB in two different in vitro models of the BBB, suggesting that morphine use at concentrations used for pain management may not be a contributing factor in the chronic neuro-inflammation observed in HIV-1-infected patients. A potential mediator of chronic neuro-inflammation is the HIV-1 viral protein Tat, which has been shown to cause behavioral abnormalities and neuro-pathologic changes. Tat is expressed even in the presence of ART and is able to enter the CNS through a variety of ways, where Tat can interact with microglia, astrocytes, brain microvascular endothelial cells, and neurons. Although the mechanism underlying the development of HAND is still unknown, other neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's have identified premature cell senescence as a factor in the development of cognitive decline. Although there is no single biomarker to detect senescence, studies performed here have shown that when the two main cells of the BBB, astrocytes and brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) are exposed to chronic, low dose Tat there are increased senescent cells, as measured by SA-beta gal, that are non-proliferative, and this effect is irreversible. The results also showed that chronic, low dose Tat alters the subcellular localization of the tight junction protein ZO-1 in BMECs, which may have further implications in BBB integrity. Finally, using a senescence induced in vitro co-culture system, altered immune cell influx across the barrier was observed, which can contribute to CNS inflammation. Maintaining BBB integrity is central to prevent CNS damaging mechanisms that can culminate in neurodegenerative disorders. These results support the idea that senescence at the BBB may be an underlying mechanism in the development of HAND, and further studies will be essential to develop therapeutics that target senescence at the BBB to mitigate CNS damage.
Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Target Engagement of a Healthy Physical Activity Promotion Intervention for Bulimia Nervosa
Authors:   , Lampe Elizabeth W. , Manasse Stephanie M , Forman Evan M
Published: April 2022

Bulimia nervosa (BN) is characterized by a pattern of binge eating and compensatory behaviors as well as an overemphasis on body weight and shape in self-evaluation. Although cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is efficacious, recent reviews suggest that only 30% of patients reach abstinence at post-treatment. One potential reason for these poor outcomes is that CBT fails to adequately reduce elevated global negative affect (NA), affect reactivity, and overvaluation of shape and weight which have been shown to be correlated with poorer treatment outcomes in BN. Therefore, novel treatment components that focus on improving affect lability, global NA, and body satisfaction are needed in order to enhance outcomes. Promoting physical activity (PA) is a promising avenue through which to reduce global negative affect, affect lability, and improve body image in healthy individuals, other clinical populations (e.g. individuals with depression or anxiety) and individuals with eating disorders. While prescribing PA for individuals with BN has been controversial, this approach may have many benefits, including promoting healthy lifetime exercise habits that reduce likelihood of relapse through the improvement of emotion regulation skills and weight regulation. Given the promise of PA for targeting key maintenance factors of BN, we developed a 12-session healthy PA promotion intervention for BN and tested initial feasibility, acceptability, and target engagement through in an iterative case series (n=3). The treatment covered cognitive-behavioral skills designed to identify, practice and achieve behavioral goals while asking patients to engage in up to 150 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA per week, which was be pre-planned during each session with the client's therapist. The healthy PA promotion intervention was both feasible and acceptable. In the current study, the healthy PA promotion intervention resulted in a clinically significant decrease in BN symptom frequency in each participant. Further, participants showed clinically significant decreases in affect lability, negative affect, and overvaluation of shape and weight. The increases in weekly PA observed are equivalent with other studies, which demonstrates that healthy PA interventions can have beneficial effects on BN symptoms, affect, and overvaluation of shape and weight. A healthy PA intervention may be a good fit for increasing engagement with the difficult work of changing eating behavior when participants are reticent to do so for fear of weight gain. However, due to the small sample size, conclusions must be treated with caution. Future research should investigate alternative approaches for promoting healthy PA and include a larger sample in order to further test initial efficacy of this treatment approach.
Testing Weight History Variables as Predictors of Post-Treatment Weight Change in Individuals with Eating Disorders
Authors:   , Haller Leora Leah , Lowe Michael R
Published: April 2022

Weight Suppression (WS), which is the difference between highest past weight and current weight, is a well-studied predictor of weight gain in both non-clinical and eating disorder (ED) populations. Other weight variables such as highest historical weight, current body mass index (BMI), and lowest weight reached, deemed weight history variables, have been identified as relevant predictors of weight change and other ED symptomatology. Few studies have evaluated weight rebound, a term used to describe the difference in lowest reported postmorbid weight and current weight but research suggests it may also be a relevant weight history variable. Weight change as it relates to weight history has been evaluated during treatment and longitudinally. However, there is a gap in the literature regarding weight history and weight change at 6-month follow-ups after treatment. Also, since weight history indices are often too highly colinear to include in a single model, they often are not tested simultaneously. This study evaluated the following weight history indices collected at baseline: WS, current BMI, highest reported premorbid BMI, and weight rebound. The current study investigated if the above mentioned weight history variables, tested simultaneously by residualizing colinear terms, predicted weight change from treatment discharge to 6-month follow-up in patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN, n = 300 ) and Bulimia Nervosa (BN, n = 146). Additionally, prior literature has suggested that developmental weight history (i.e. weight history indices calculated relative to age norms) may be more sensitive measures than traditional weight history variables, therefore a second model for each diagnoses evaluated developmental weight history - developmental WS, zBMI at treatment admission, highest premorbid zBMI, and developmental WR- as a predictor of weight change from discharge to 6-month follow-up. Analyses revealed that both traditional and developmental weight history predicted weight gain at treatment follow-up in the AN sample, however BN models were not significant. Admission BMI and WR contributed significantly in the traditional model, with higher BMI and a lower WR predicting more weight gain. Developmental WR contributed significantly to the developmental model, with a lower developmental WR predicting more weight gain. These findings add to the growing body of literature examining the role of traditional and developmental weight history, highlighting the relevance of WR, on weight change in AN and BN. Future studies are needed to replicate and support these findings.
Böbrek fonksiyon bozukluğu olan hastalarda endoskopik üreter taşı cerrahisinin glomerüler filtrasyon hızı üzerine etkisi
Authors: CANİKLİOĞLU Mehmet , SELMİ Volkan , SARI Sercan , ÖZTEKİN Ünal , ÖZKAYA Muharrem , IŞIKAY Levent
Published: April 2022

Amaç: Ameliyat öncesi tahmini glomerüler filtrasyon oranları (eGFR) düzeyi 60 ml/dk’nın altında olan bir hasta grubunda üst üreter taşlarında üreterorenoskopi (URS) ya da fleksible üreterorenoskopi (fURS) öncesi ve sonrası eGFR değişimini ve buna etki eden faktörleri değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.

Yöntem: Üst üreter taşı nedeniyle ameliyat planlanan ve kısa MDRD formülü ile hesaplanan ameliyat öncesi eGFR 60 ml/dk’nın altında olan 32 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların ameliyat öncesi ve sonrası eGFR değişimlerine etki eden faktörler çoklu lineer regresyon analizi ile karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular: Düşük renal rezervli hastalar da tedavi sonrasında renal fonksiyonlar açısından iyi düzeyde bir iyileşme gösterdiler. Yaş, beden kitle indeksi (BKİ) ve preoperatif eGFR anlamlı düzeyde postoperatif eGFR’yi etkiliyordu (p
Modelo didático pessoal: um estudo com professores do ensino secundário de uma escola de Luanda
Authors: Victor Eufrásia , Bonito Jorge
Published: April 2022

A investigação educacional tem confirmado a inegável importância da Didática para o bom desempenho do professor. É a Didática que permite maior eficiência e consciência, contribuindo para a realização plena por via de uma atuação ajustada à forma e à capacidade de aprender, acompanhada de compreensão, segurança e de estímulo, para cada indivíduo. Este estudo, de tipo survey, transversal, descritivo, teve por objetivo caraterizar o modelo didático pessoal de 26 professores que trabalham numa escola de Luanda, em Angola. Aplicou-se um questionário, com base no INPECIP, da autoria de Porlán et al. Foram aplicados procedimentos de estatística descritiva e inferencial. Os resultados indicam uma grande aproximação dos professores ao quadro teórico apresentado. A Didática é vista como uma disciplina científica, com concetualmente entendida de modo diverso. Apresentam-se diversos modelos didáticos adotados pelos docentes, sendo que o modelo construtivista é o mais comum. O papel dos alunos na planificação das aulas e a sua intervenção na avaliação reúne dispersão de posições, ainda que uma aula deva ser ativa e permitir a participação dos alunos. Pouco mais de metade dos professores inquiridos desconsidera que cada docente constrói a sua própria metodologia para o ensino das ciências.