bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DAMAGE ASSOCIATED WITH MORTALITY FROM RESPIRATORY CANCER IN THE TOMSK REGION (2005–2016)
Authors: Zhuikova L. D. , Choynzonov E. L. , Ananina O. A. , Zhuikova A. S. , Polychuk T. V.
Published: August 2021

Introduction. A significant component in the system analysis of anti-cancer activities is the assessment of the impact of mortality on life expectancy, which indicates the social and economic situation in the region.

Material and methods. The economic damage caused by laryngeal and lung cancer mortality in the Tomsk region for the period 2005–2016 was analyzed using the database of the regional cancer registry and local agency of federal state statistics service of the tomsk region.

Results. The loss of the male working population ranged from 106.0 (2012–2013) to 161.5 (2008–2009) person/years of lifetime from larynx cancer and from 1058.5 (2013–2014) to 1576.3 (2006–2007) person/years of lifetime from lung cancer. The female working population lost up to 34.0 (2013–2014) person/years of lifetime due to mortality from larynx cancer and from 1445.3 (2005–2006) to 2553.9 (2015–2016) person/years of lifetime from lung cancer. The average number of undelivered years in working age due to the premature death of one man averaged 6.1 ± 2.0 years from larynx cancer and 11.1 ± 1.3 from lung cancer, one woman averaged 4.6 ± 0.9 years from larynx cancer and 6.2 ± 0.3 years from lung cancer. Economic losses associated with mortality from cancer of the respiratory system amounted to 2.251.97 million rubles: 202.07 million rubles from laryngeal cancer and 2.049.90 million rubles from lung cancer.

Conclusion. The quantitative analysis of social and economic losses associated with mortality from cancer of the respiratory system enables the regional health authorities to develop and implement anti-cancer interventions to maximize the use of funds for the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of cancer patients.
CONTRAST-ENHANCED COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC CHOLANGIOGRAPHY IN DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF THE MALIGNANT AND BENIGN CAUSES OF BILIARY OBSTRUCTION
Authors: Zarubin V. V. , Kurazhov A. P. , Zavadovskaja V. D. , Rodionova O. V. , Tonkikh O. S. , Klinovitskiy I. Yu. , Zorkaltsev M. A. , Haritonkin V. I.
Published: August 2021

Introduction. Determination of the cause of cholestasis and treatment of patients with obstructive jaundice syndrome remains challenging owing to the steady rise in diseases of the hepatopancreatoduodenal zone and the high frequency of diagnostic errors. In the differential diagnosis of the causes of obstructive jaundice, diagnostic imaging techniques are of the greatest importance. In the world literature, there are few reports on the assessment of the diagnostic potential of multispiral computed tomography under conditions of direct contrasting of the biliary tree using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, or through pre-installed palliative drainage in the bile ducts. There is no generally accepted algorithm for determining the causes of biliary obstruction. It leads to ineffective use of various diagnostic imaging techniques, complicating the diagnostic process.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of contrast-enhanced ct cholangiography (ct-cg) in the differential diagnosis of causes of malignant and benign biliary obstruction in cases with obstructive jaundice syndrome.

Material and methods. The study included 55 patients with obstructive jaundice, who were treated in a surgical hospital from july 2016 to july 2019.

Results. It was found that contrast ct-cg in diagnosing the causes of biliary obstruction of both malignant and benign genesis is more informative than x-ray endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. The diagnostic efficacy of ct-cg in detecting causes of malignant biliary obstruction was: 93.3% sensitivity, 92.9% specificity, and 93.1% accuracy. The diagnostic efficacy of ct-cg in detecting causes of benign biliary obstruction was: 92.9%, 93.3% and 93.1%, respectively.

Conclusion. Based on the high accuracy, contrast-enhanced ct-cg is a promising imaging technique in cases with bile duct obstruction.
DECOMPRESSIVE LAMINECTOMY IN PATIENTS WITH SPINE METASTASIS
Authors: Derzhavin V. A. , Bukharov A. V. , Yadrina A. V. , Yerin D. A.
Published: August 2021

The aim is to present the experience of treating patients with spinal metastases, who underwent decompression laminectomy with posterior stabilization.

Material and methods. The study included 326 patients with spine metastasis, who underwent posterior thoracic laminectomy (199, 61 %) and lumbar laminectomy (127, 39 %). The mean age of patients was 63 (range, 29–78 years). There were 91 (28 %) males and 235 (72 %) females. Breast cancer was diagnosed in 137 (42 %) patients, kidney cancer in 69 (21 %) patients, prostate cancer in 39 (12 %) patients, lung cancer in 19 (6 %) patients, colorectal cancer in 16 (5 %) patients, thyroid cancer in 13 (4 %) patients, and the remaining 10 % of patients accounted for other more rare forms of malignancies

Results. The mean time of surgery was 95 min. (55–245 min.). Intraoperative blood loss volume was 245 ml (150–3200 ml). The mean hospital stay was 8 days (5–20 days). The pain intensity according to vas reduced in 160 (49 %) patients. According to the frankel classification system, neurological status improved in 85 (26 %) patients. Neurological deterioration was observed in 7 (2 %) patients. Intra-and early-/late postoperative complications were observed in 66 (20 %) patients. Traumatic dural tears occurred in 16 (5 %) patients. Infection rate was 4.5 %. Cardiac complications were observed in 12 (3.5 %) patients. Postoperative hematoma was revealed in 7 (2.4 %) patients.

Conclusion. The results obtained indicate that patients with metastatic spine disease represent a difficult group of patients for surgical treatment because of a high risk of developing postoperative complications, the most serious of which are neurological disorders with paraplegia and other fatal outcomes. Nevertheless, modern surgical techniques can improve the quality of life of these patients, improve psycho-emotional abilities and avoid disability.
DYSPHAGIA IN PEOPLE WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
Authors:   PI „Elementary School Banovici“, „Centre for the Development of Inclusive Practices“Banovici, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sitarevic Mirza , Begic Leila ,   Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation, University of Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Misanovic Valentina ,   PI „Elementary School Dr. Boris Coric“ Kresevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: August 2021

People with intellectual disabilities often face a number of disorders that can impair their health and even endanger their lives. One of these disorders is dysphagia, which is often unrecognized in this population. The main goal of the research was to determine the differences in the severity of dysphagia relation to the degree of intellectual disability in persons placed in institutional accommodation. The study involved 31 respondents diagnosed with intellectual disabilities. The results showed that people with a higher degree of intellectual disability have more pronounced dysphagia. Caregivers of people with intellectual disabilities should be aware of the presence of dysphagia in people with intellectual disabilities, and refer them to a speech-language pathologist in a timely manner with the goal of timely diagnosis and treatment to improve the overall health and quality of life of people of this population.
A PROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF ORTHOTIC DEVICE IMPLICATION ON THE LOWER LIMB IN CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY
Authors:   Prosthetist & Orthotist, Department of Prosthetics & Orthotics, Composite Regional Centre for Skill Development, Rehabilitation and Empowerment of Persons With Disabilities, Kozhikode, Kerala, India., Kumar Akshay , N/A Vinita ,   Prosthetist & Orthotist, Pace Rehabilitation, Research, and Artificial Limb Centre, Kozhikode, Kerala.
Published: August 2021

CP is the foremost cause of motor disability in children and affects two to five children in 1000 live births worldwide. It is been recognized as a global concern medically, socially, and economically due to the increasing financial burden to the states. About half of the children with cerebral palsy suffer a range of motion difficulties. The study aims to understand the role of orthotic devices and its efficacy in the treatment of the patient with cerebral palsy and gait improvement. An online database of Pubmed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, etc. searched to find the articles with the keywords, cerebral palsy, orthotic devices, orthosis, lower limb, and results were synthesized and narrated to explore the effectiveness of the devices on the gait pattern and quality of life of a patient with cerebral palsy. The database search was done without the barrier of dates and regions. Orthoses applied externally appear to be supported and had a diverse effect on gait depending on the type of orthosis. However, the relationship between gait pattern and AFOs and ankle properties is yet to be established. Additional research in this area is needed to complement the development of passive and active AFOs to provide larger improvements in walking capabilities.
Study on seismic response characteristics of the interlayer isolation structure
Authors: Zhang Shangrong , Liu Fanglan , Hu Yuchen , Li Shihao , Zhu Lei
Published: August 2021

Based on Timoshenko beam theory and considering the layer bending deformation and shear deformation of the structure, a semi analytical solution method (SAM) is proposed for the interlayer isolation structure system. The equivalent mechanical model of cantilever beam is established by using the distributed parameter system, on which the dynamic partial differential equation is derived; the boundary condition and continuity condition are used to solve the equation to obtain the natural vibration characteristics; the orthogonal conditions are deduced by Betti’s law and the seismic response of the structure can be solved by the mode superposition method. A 10 story isolated structure is designed as well as analysed by the semi analytical method (SAM) and the ETABS finite element simulation (FESE) separately. The results show that: the existence of the isolation layer may reduce the response of the superstructure and amplify the response of the substructure, and the amplification can be solved by increasing the mass, bending stiffness of the superstructure and shear stiffness of the isolation layer. In regular interlayer isolation structure, the optimal frequency ratio of the superstructure and substructure increases with the rising of isolation layer position. The results also prove the correctness and accuracy of the SAM, which enriches the analysis theory of interlayer isolation structure and provides reference for the accurate analysis of structural response in engineering.
A Conceptual Future for the Kuzbass Region: Strategic Outlines of Developmental Priorities Through 2071, a 50-Year Perspective
Authors: Kvint Vladimir , Alimuradov M. K. , Astapov Kirill , Alabina Tatiana A , Bahtizin Al'bert , Beleckiy A. , Boiko K. V. , Vlasyuk L. I. , Voronin V. L , Gavrilina D. N. , Gordeev Yu. , Grebeshkova A. , Gribelyuk L. A. , Dudovceva Yu. V. , Evdokimov Dmitriy , Egorova A. I. , Kravchenko D. , Zadorozhnaya G. V. , Krivoruchko M. , Kuksheeva O. , Kuznecov A. , Kuznecova K. V. , Leuhova Maria , Makarov V. , Maslov Alexey Alexeyevich , Midov A. Z. , Myaskov A. V. , Novikova Irina , Onuchin A. , Paymurzina T. , Pimenov A. , Prosekov Alekxander Yu , Sadovnichaya A. V. , Sasaev Nikita , Skalon N. , Suschev D. , Tkachenko I. S. , Tkachenko S. N. , Khvorostyanaya Anna , Chotua I. Z. , Shimko T. G.
Published: August 2021

The collective monograph "Conceptual Future of Kuzbass Region: Strategic Outlines of Development Priorities until 2071 (50-year Perspective)" presents strategic initiatives aimed at creating a better life for Kuzbass residents in the 50-years perspective. For this purpose, we justified strategic priorities of restoring the environment and natural resources efficient using, improving the urban environment, developing infrastructure and new industries in the region, and promoting Kuzbass products to foreign markets.
Media text as a reflection of dynamic chronological changes in vocabulary and phraseology
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Generalova Elena V.
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the informativeness of the media text in relation to the representation of language dynamic chronological processes. A “dictionary” approach is applied, which is based on the comparison of the language material of modern media with the representation of outdated and neological vocabulary and phraseology in modern Russian language dictionaries of different types. The article describes the functions of outdated vocabulary (traditionally distinguished historicisms and archaisms) and neologisms in the language of modern media, as well as the redistribution of vocabulary between active and passive language stock reflected in the media text. Promptly reacting to all extralinguistic changes, the media text is a source of neologisms in the language, a polygon for using the vocabulary of different epochs in actual meanings and with modern connotations, also it sensitively responds to the process of updating outdated vocabulary in the modern language and demonstrates the redistribution of words and expressions between active and passive language stock. As a result of the analysis of the vocabulary of different chronological layers in comparison of media language materials with lexicographic data, the conclusion is made that when reflecting dynamic chronological processes, the “media text dictionary” should be an interaction and be carried out in both directions. On the one hand, dictionaries of modern Russian draw information about the real functioning of the vocabulary of the passive reserve from the media texts. On the other hand, the use of dictionaries by journalists and knowledge of the conditions for using both outdated vocabulary and emerging neologisms is necessary to avoid speech errors and to achieve the goal of competently using this part of the passive stock of the Russian language.
Extremist behavior as an “act of communication”: A theological and psychological analysis
Authors:   The Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Bogachev Aleksei M. , Prilutsky Alexander M. ,   The Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Teplykh Galina I. ,   The Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia
Published: August 2021

This article attempts to interpret extremist behavior in the adolescent and youth environment as a kind of “act of distorted communication”. At the same time, if such interpretations have been made within the materialistic (in particular, psychoanalytic) paradigm for a long time, then the interpretation of the factors of extremist activity at the junction of Orthodox theology and deep psychology is quite an innovative approach. This approach allows us to correctly “decipher” the message “embedded” in extremist behavior, and directly address the originally natural and healthy needs of the soul distorted by this conduct. The article notes that theology, especially practical theology, is able to actualize the spiritual needs sometimes hidden in the subconscious of young people. As shown by the research conducted by the team of the Laboratory of Religious Studies of the Herzen State Pedagogical University, this is a result of young people conducting a persistent spiritual search at the unconscious level. This search is largely conducted in a dimension that relates to one of the commandments given to people by Jesus Christ: “You shall love your neighbor as yourself ”. The article also concludes that the prevention of extremist behavior in the modern Russian youth environment must necessarily include an appeal to the immanent domestic culture of the need for participation and transcendence, as opposed to both the cult of consumption and destructive ideologies of an extremist nature.
Revenue augmentation through improved water supply services: a case study of the SMART-WASA team of Faisalabad, Pakistan
Authors: Ogata R. , Segawa S. , Rashid S. , Nakayama H.
Published: August 2021

The Water and Sanitation Agency of Faisalabad has tried to increase its revenue by increasing both its water demands and total number of customers. To this end, a pilot activity was implemented. Two selected pilot areas were hydraulically separated to increase water pressures within the areas. The results showed that the durations of water supply increased from 3.5 to 12 hours and from 6 to 18 hours per day in the pilot areas. The water pressure in each pilot area increased from 2 to 10 m and from 3 to 18 m, respectively. Wastewater contamination was also eliminated after increasing the water pressure. Customers were informed of these achievements through workshops, flyers, and banners on streets, which encouraged them to shift from a flat rate system to a metering system. Consequently, the total billed amounts for two pilot areas in March 2019 increased by 65.0% and 97.0%, compared with those from November 2016. The bill collection ratios also increased from 48.2% to 56.9% and from 48.1% to 60.6% during pilot activities. Improving services of water supply utilities through the formation of a water distribution area with an increase in water pressure is recommended as an effective method for revenue augmentation.
Impact of meteorological drought on agriculture production at different scales in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Waseem Muhammad , Khurshid Tahira , Abbas Adnan , Ahmad Ijaz , Javed Zeeshan
Published: August 2021

The present study aimed to quantify the impacts of the meteorological drought on the production of maize crops, using district-level observed precipitation and yield data of 21 districts across Punjab, Pakistan from 2001 to 2020. The overall analysis showed that the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) effectively reflects the variations in drought characteristics in Punjab on spatiotemporal scales. It also resulted that in south Punjab, the maize yield was negatively affected by the meteorological drought, and yield was sensitive to short-term (1 and 3 months) drought during the critical growth period of the crop. The overall analysis depicted that the meteorological drought was associated with about 27% of overall yield variations. Moreover, all of the southern districts and few districts from Central Punjab were becoming increasingly sensitive to meteorological drought where significant spatial variations in drought effects and sensitivity exist over time. Conclusively, this study showed a spatiotemporal pattern of drought and its impact on maize yield, indicating that the districts where variability in maize production was significantly associated with drought and recommend adoption of the management strategies and mitigation measures.
Use of reclaimed water for unreinforced concrete block production for the self-construction of houses
Authors: Gulamussen N. J. , Arsénio A. M. , Matsinhe N. P. , Manjate R. S. , Rietveld L. C.
Published: August 2021

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the possibilities of using treated wastewater for the production of unreinforced concrete blocks. Compressive strength, water absorption and morphology tests of concrete blocks, produced from different makeups of mixing water, drinking water, drinking water spiked with ammonium and phosphate, and the effluent of the city's wastewater treatment plant, were evaluated. Results showed that the compressive strength of blocks manufactured using treated wastewater was as high as of the blocks produced using drinking water. Ammonium, phosphate and chlorine were found not to have a negative effect on the strength of the blocks. Water absorption tests confirmed the results of the compressive strength, as lower humidity was found in cases of higher strength. In the process of cement hydration, crystals of calcium silicate and calcium hydroxide were observed by morphology tests. From the variability in the results, it could be concluded that the quality of the mixing water was not the only factor that influenced the strength of the unreinforced concrete blocks. The observed differences in strength could, for example, also be attributed to the manufacturing process.
The applicability of LID facilities as an adaptation strategy of urban CSOs management for climate change
Authors: Kim Kyungmin , Kim Ryoungeun , Choi Jeonghyeon , Kim Sangdan
Published: August 2021

The magnitude and frequency of extreme rainfall due to climate change is increasing. Increasing rainfall causes serious hydrological problems in cities. Rainfall does not infiltrate the soil, but mostly flows through the sewer pipes into the stream. Most old urban watersheds have combined sewer pipes. When rainfall exceeds the capacity of the combined sewer pipes, sewage mixed with stormwater overflows the sewer pipes and flows directly into the stream. This is called Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs). CSOs enter the stream with non-point source pollutants accumulated on the surface and pollute the stream. CSOs are one of the major water quality problems in older urban watersheds. This can be solved by replacing the combined sewer pipes with separated sewer pipes, but in reality it requires astronomical costs. As an alternative, the Low Impact Development (LID) technique has recently been introduced. In this study, we analyzed the effects of climate change on CSOs in urban watersheds and applied LID techniques to offset the effects. The LID facility was applied with the most commonly used Bio-Retention cells.
The applications of Canadian water quality index for ground and surface water quality assessments of Chilanchil Abay watershed: The case of Bahir Dar city waste disposal site
Authors: Haile Dargie , Gabbiye Nigus
Published: August 2021

Surface water and groundwater have been experiencing increasing risks of contamination in recent years because of the poor management of the immense amounts of waste created by different human activities. Inappropriate dump sites have served for many years as marginal disposal sites for a wide range of wastes, including solid waste, fresh sewage and hazardous waste, in developing nations such as Ethiopia. Physical, anthropogenic and organic procedures continuously interact to deteriorate the waste. One of the results of these practices is artificially contaminated leachate, which is potentially hazardous waste from disposal sites. If not managed appropriately, such a dumping site can contaminate groundwater (through leachates) and surface water (through contaminant transport by flooding and groundwater movement). Along these lines, this study focuses on the applications of water quality index in the ground and surface water quality caused by the waste disposal site of Bahir Dar city within the Chilanchil Abay during the study period. Water testing was performed on five samples of surface water and six samples of groundwater in each month from 30th March (dry season) to 20th August (wet season). More than 13 water quality parameters, for example, pH, TDS, electrical conductivity, turbidity, temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), TH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), TC, NO3−, PO43−, Cr, Mn, and Pb contents, were examined in both ground and surface water. It was discovered that water quality status of the Chilanchil Abay watershed ranges from 15.87 to 36.6 for surface water and 42 to 46.2 for groundwater suggesting poor and marginal status for drinking water purpose.
Effect of fouling resistance in heat exchanger and the crystal form of CaCO3 in hard circulating cooling water with electrostatic field and alternating current electric field
Authors: Xu Jing , Zhao Ju-Dong , Jia Yun , Li Ting , Yang Shuai-Bing , Zhang Zhi-Hao
Published: August 2021

The effect of high voltage electrostatic field and high voltage alternating current electric field on the heat exchanger surface fouling under the conditions of hard water was investigated. The Ca2+ concentration in two water conditions was 12 mmol/L. The Mg2+ concentration was 10 mmol/L and 12 mmol/L respectively. The concentration changed with the Mg2+ concentration. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope results confirmed that the main crystal phases of the scale samples consisted of calcite and aragonite. The high voltage electrostatic treatment can promote scale growth under both water quality conditions. However, the high voltage alternating current electric field treatment shows a good scale inhibition effect under both water quality conditions, and the scale inhibition effect is best when both Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations are 12 mmol/L, and the average scale inhibition rate reaches 47.58%. When the calcite content of the scale sample is significantly higher than that of aragonite, Mg2+ affects the growth and solubility of crystals. Conversely, the high voltage alternating current electric field treatment can effectively extend the fouling induction period of the adherent scale on the heat exchanger surface, which is favorable for heat exchanger fouling.
The state of knowledge about the beginnings of the Cistercian abbey in Henryków in historiography of the late Middle Ages Renaissance
Authors: Michalska Monika
Published: August 2021

The cloister of Cistercians in Henryków possesses the complex founding traditions, both monastic and secular. The most complete vision of the origins of the monastery in Henryków gives us the Book of Henryków. The Book of Henryków delivers quite a complicated picture of the foundation. In the foundation of the cloister as many as three persons took part: the notary Nicholas, prince Henry the Bearded and Henry the Pious. According to the author of the first part of the Book of Henryków, the prince Henry the Pious was the only founder of the cloister. The analysis of late medieval and renaissance chronicles give us a quite different picture of its foundation. There are two leading concepts. The first sustained thesis of princely foundations. Its originator was Peter of Byczyna the author of the Chronica Principium Poloniae. The second concept was created by Jan Dlugosz, who ascribed the foundation of Henryków to the notary Nicholas.
The history of the foundation of the Ascension of the Virgin Mary Uniate parish in Gródek in the light of 18th century church inspections
Authors: Frykowski Janusz Adam
Published: August 2021

Gródek is a country village whose origin dates back to at least the fifteen century. The first written record of the village dates from 1409. In it is found acknowledgment of Wołczko Rekutowicz from Gródek as one of the founders and a supplier of furnishings to the local church. Originally belonging to the Duchy of Belz, the village together with the Duchy, was incorporated into the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland in 1462. After the first partition of Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth, Gródek was annexed by the Habsburg Empire, then it became part of the Duchy of Warsaw and following the joint resolutions of the Congress of Vienna it was given to Russia. Today the village situated at the Huczwa river administratively belongs to Jarczow gmina (commune) as part of Tomaszów poviat in Lubelskie Province.

During the period the piece of research covers, Gródek was mostly inhabited by Russian people and was an Orthodox parish. It in turn became a Greek Catholic parish following the Union of Brest. The first written record of an Orthodox Church comes from 1507 while 17th century documents confirm the existence of a Uniate parish.

Having analyzed post- visitation protocols, it might be deduced that it was awooden church poorly equipped with ecclesiastical utensils. There was also a bell tower and a cemetery alongside the church. It has been determined a paroch (parish priest) had some arable land as well as grassland at his disposal to support himself. Furthermore, he collected various ecclesiastical fees from his parishioners. From the period of time this research is focused on, personal information of 4 parochs as well as the approximate number of parishioners that varied between 14 and 70 has been established. Furthermore, the church is known to have been functioning in 1772 but it fell into ruin before 1798 after which the parishioners from Gródek attended the branch church in Podlodów.
The inventory of the books of the abbey library of Cistercians in Szczyrzyc until the end of nineteenth century
Authors: Marszalska Jolanta M.
Published: August 2021

The first historically confirmed records of the library of Szczyrzyc monastery are from the time of abbot Joahim I Cieniawski (1592-1607). Among the 40 titles of books recorded during the visitation in 1597 was: six antiphonals, eight missals, five psalters, four graduals, two copies of the Bible, homiliarz, kolektarz, the life of St. Stanislaus bishop and martyr, the St. Benedict’s rule and also Liber Definitorum, which is the book of the resolution of the General Chapters of the Cistercian. The first catalogue of books was made in 1755 and was entitled Cathalogus librorum Monasterij Ciricensis iuxta alphabetum authorum mense Augusto Anno Domini 1755. Conscriptus. It is a pity that only two initials cards including a list of books within the letter “A” were preserved until modern times. Three nineteenth century inventories provide full knowledge about this collection of books taking into account the title of a book, the author’s name, the description of a book (place and year of publication) and format of a book. The person who wrote the book made their thematic segregation. Undoubtedly the number of books, titles and in particular the authors demonstrate the need and the importance which the Szczyrzyc monastery given to the books which reading had to help the monk in his pilgrimage to God.
“Procopius of Caesarea's description of the church of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople – between historiography and rhetoric”
Authors: Garnczarska Magdalena
Published: August 2021

The sixth-century historian Procopius of Caesarea described the church of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople in his treatise "Περὶ κτισμάτων" ("On Buildings"). The text about Hagia Sophia is the only surviving historical source for the original Justinianic edifice before the collapse of its first dome in 558. This detailed and elaborate description of the church is an example of ekphrasis. Ekphrasis is a rhetorical technique which makes the described object visible. In this paper I will attempt to analyse how far Procopius' description is a rhetorical exercise, and how far it is a trustworthy historical source.
Raptus puellae as impediment to marriage in Decretum Gratiani
Authors: Wojciechowska Beata
Published: August 2021

Marriage has always been a concern of the Church. The Christian doctrine gave matrimonium sacred meaning and at the same time fully endorsed the concept of mutual consent which originated from the Roman law. The act of abduction with its legal and ethical consequences was described in detail in the Decretum Gratiani. The punishment for the abductor was public penance and prohibition of marriage. If the fiancé was unwilling to take back the abducted bride he was allowed to marry another woman. However, if the fiancé and the bride wanted to get married afresh, they were to be both excommunicated until they had made their reparation. The Decretum Gratiani clearly indicated that the raptus puellae was an impediment which prevented marriage. The reason was the duress of abduction, which was contrasted with free will, voluntarily consent and the approval of father, parents or guardians.
„Nec temere neque iniuste, sed consulto et aequitatis ductu in hanc terram transvectus sum” (GG II, 12) – The Legitimisation of the Rule in William of Poitiers’ Gesta Guillelmi
Authors: Dźwigała Bartłomiej
Published: August 2021

The aim of the article is to analyse first medieval biography of William the Conqueror in order to explain the issue of legitimisation of the Norman rule in England. In the introduction I present the author of Gesta Guillelmi and his work. The main part of the article contains detailed explanatory narrative’s elements used by the author to provide ideological justifications for William the Conqueror’s rule in London.
The fifteenth-century incunabula within collection of library of Carmelite convent in Czerna
Authors: Graczyk Waldemar
Published: August 2021

The monastery dedicated to St Elijah in Czerna was founded by Agnes of Teczynska Firlej in 1631. From its beginning the monastery collected works both for the celebration of liturgy and so as to deepen the knowledge and spirituality in the areas of asceticism, preaching and theology. Books usually came from donations and legacies. Currently in the resource library of old prints in Czerna there are 14 incunabula. The incunabula are not uniform provenance band books. They come from the ecclesiastical institutions, from individual persons and from the clergy. Some of the incunabula have an original binding, other have been replaced or refurbished. Though it is a small collection of books, in terms of quality it reflects the interests and needs of the environment. The smudged corners of the pages and the highlights made of a part of the text can testify that these books were used by monks in deepening their knowledge.
The clergy and the nobility during the 1540s and 1550s of the sixteenth century
Authors: Godlewski Łukasz
Published: August 2021

The Executionist movement’s programme from the beginning of its existence revoked the privileges of the clergy not only in the legal but also in the economic field. The Chamber of Deputies wanted: the clerical estate holders to perform military service, the abolition of tithes, the taxation of the church, to devote “annats” to the defence of the country and jurisdictional demarcation between secular and ecclesiastical courts . The Chamber of Deputies, fighting against the clergy favoured by the king, unified their demands in order to act boldly in defence of their rights and gain new privileges. The final demands of the Executionist movement were formulated during the development of the Reformation and the transitional period caused by the change of the monarchs in the Republic of Nobles. The cumulation of these mechanisms in the middle of the 16th century not only stimulated the development and power of the Executionist movement but also intensified the conflict of interest between the clergy and nobility. The progress of the Reformation was accompanied by a growing dissatisfaction with the jurisdiction of the ecclesiastical courts over the nobility. The Chamber of Deputies formulated their suppositions depending on the situation outside and inside the country. The bishops failed to enforce the enforcement of judgments of the ecclesiastical courts. However, the right of sole judicial powers to pass verdicts connected with faith and religion were not taken away from the clergymen. It was just the opposite. Zygmunt August approved this privilege of the priests and at the same time executing verdicts on peerage was suspended. This case was, however, not completed and that is why succeeding parliaments worked on it further. The representatives of gentry did not manage to tax the income of church, despite serious efforts to do so. The king tried persistently to unite both political camps. However, the overextending of the whole Executionist programme by the representatives prevented the achieving of a compromise or any similar outcome.
Tulodziecki brothers – tribute to biography
Authors: Dobrzeniecka Monika
Published: August 2021

The aim of the article is to portray the heroes of Sierpc from the first half of the 20th century: Henry, Edward and Felician Tulodziecki. It comprises a synopsis of their activity in the fields of education and politics, including their participation in the organisational units of the Polish Socialist Party.
The relations between the Holy See and the early Piast state between 965 and 973
Authors: Latoszek Paweł
Published: August 2021

The earliest mention of the relations between the Holy See and Mieszko's I country comes from an epitaph on Bolesław Chrobry's (destroyed) tomb. The epitaph mentions young Bolesław Chrobry's stay in Rome, where he was possibly sent as a German hostage in 973. The earlier connection between the Holy See and the Polish Missionary Bishop Jordan, who was directly answerable to the Pope, is seen as problematic. As per medieval records, Jordan was ordained as the Bishop of Mieszko I’s country in 968, even though it is commonly assumed he was ordained bishop in 967. The event is connected with the transfer of the Saxon rebel Wichmann the Younger’s sword to Otto I. The author of this study strives to connect Jordan’s appointment as bishop with the establishment of the Archdiocese of Magdeburg. According to the existing evidence, Jordan’s nomination took place during the Synodeof Ravenna in April 967, which saw the adoption of new Church structures across the Slavic states. Since it was only the pope himself who was entitled to license the Christianization of pagans, the author contends that the relations between the Holy See and the early Piast state must have predated Mieszko I’s baptism.
How should a woman behave and what are her duties? Guidelines for women presented in the selected sermons of Gilbert of Tournai
Authors: Głusiuk Anna
Published: August 2021

The article presents the opinions of the 13th-century preacher Gilbert of Tournai on the duties of girls, wives and widows. Gilbert, seeing a great lack of women’s education addressed them in his sermons and indicated which behaviours were proper and which should be changed or avoided. His sermons show how the woman was seen, as well as what her position and role were in 13th-century French society.
Father Kasper Druzbicki SJ (1590 – 1662) and his teachings about Christian perfection
Authors: Mandziuk Józef
Published: August 2021

Since the foundation of their order, the Jesuits exerted a huge impact on the Catholic Church in Poland. They introduced the reform adopted at the Council of Trent to stop the spread of Protestantism. The Society gave the world many mystics, great theologians, missionaries, saints, and priests. One of them was Father Kasper Drużbicki, theologian, ascetic writer, preacher, and administrator. His numerous theological works include a treatise on the shortest path to Christian perfection, which is the fulfillment of God’s will. Drużbicki’s treatise was intended not only for those in consecrated life but also for those in secular life who strive toward sainthood.
The administrators of the Kraśnik provostship of Canons Regular of the Lateran from its foundation to its reform in 1628
Authors: Łatak Kazimierz
Published: August 2021

Summary

This article focuses on the provostship of the monastery of the Canons Regular of the Lateran in Kraśnik from its foundation in May 1468 to the reform of 1620-1627. Founded by Jan Rabsztynski of Tęczyn, the owner of the Kraśnik estate, the convent was considered as a prominent center of religious, social, and cultural activity in the Lublin Region. Therefore, studying its history, culture, and religious activity is important in understanding the history of the town and the region. The culture of the monastery influenced the culture of the local environment, while the culture of the surrounding area left its traces in the culture and activities of the convent.
Interpersonal contacts of Polish traveling clergyman in the 18th century
Authors: Rok Bogdan
Published: August 2021

The text presents different types of interpersonal contacts in the course of journeys, based on Polish clergymen’s travel reports from the 18th century. The clergy establish numerous contacts, primarily with other travellers of the clerical estate. Also, information about meetings with pilgrims and people on subsequent stages of the journey can be found. Interestingly, contacts include Poles and important people of that time. It is important to emphasize the assertiveness of clergy travellers and their openness towards representatives of foreign nations.
Were we at the state of war with the Soviets?!
Authors: Wysocki Wiesław Jan
Published: August 2021

At the time of the agreement with the German Third Reich on Soviet aggression on Poland on September 17, 1939, the Ambassador of the Republic of Poland in Moscow was given a diplomatic note declaring that in the face of the "break-up of the Polish state", the USSR "is defending the Belarusian and Ukrainian population" in eastern Poland. This deceptive version was naively accepted by Poland’s Western Allies, who pretended that Moscow was not hostile against Poland. They explained that they did not want to enhance, but rather to overthrow the German-Soviet alliance. The highest authorities of the Republic of Poland were charged with inconsistence and did not declare a state of war between Poland and the USSR as of September 17, 1939. This was a game of slander and the author documented the will of the parties to bring such charges. In the period of the Polish People's Republic, the myth of so-called justified Soviet intervention in 1939 was perpetuated. Today, too, this issue remains not entirely clear for many politicians, historians and journalists. This text analyses the formation of this myth, showing its political ground for various propaganda and proclamations of Western states, and ambiguous attitudes of Polish politicians, especially focused on the very naïve and politically dependent General Sikorski, the Commander-in-Chief and Prime Minister, with greater responsibility than the ruling party of the Second Polish Republic for the false opinions about Polish-Soviet relations in September 1939.
A Inserção da Mulher no Futebol
Authors: Nascimento Anna Tharyne , Niemeyer da Rocha Fátima
Published: August 2021

Resumo

Estudo de abordagem qualitativa, de caráter transversal e analítico, cuja amostra foi composta de 17 (dezessete) mulheres praticantes de futebol feminino amador, com idade entre 18 e 32 anos, residentes no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. O estudo teve como objetivo investigar os sentimentos suscitados nas mulheres quando da sua inserção e participação no futebol feminino. Além disso, investigou o papel da Psicologia do Esporte na inclusão da mulher nesse esporte. Os problemas de base que nortearam a investigação envolveram as seguintes indagações: de que forma as mulheres se sentem ao se inserirem num esporte predominantemente masculino? Qual é o papel da Psicologia do Esporte na inclusão da mulher nesse contexto? Mesmo com o aumento significativo, nos últimos anos, da participação das mulheres nesse universo masculinizado, o papel feminino ainda tem pouca visibilidade. A metodologia utilizada envolveu um questionário com 10 (dez) questões abertas. Os resultados apontaram para uma mudança no processo de inclusão da mulher no futebol feminino, associada a uma maior liberdade da mulher na prática desse esporte. Mesmo esse espaço esportivo sendo um ambiente de domínio masculino e repleto de preconceitos a figura feminina vem ganhando espaço e conseguindo de forma gradativa consolidar condições adequadas para sua prática no futebol feminino.
LncRNA PCGsEM1 Contributes to the Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells via acting as a Sponge for miR-152-3p
Authors: Huang Jianhui , Lou Jian , Liu Xueni , Xie Yanru
Published: August 2021

Background:

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play important roles in cellular
biological function. Aberrant expression of lncRNAs has been found to be related to the progression of
various diseases. LncRNA prostate cancer gene expression marker 1 (PCGEM1) has been demonstrated to be
involved in the initiation and progression of human cancers. However, to date, the clinical and functional significance
of PCGEM1 expression in NSCLC progression remains unknown.

Methods:

The expression of LncRNA PCGEM1 and miR-152-3p in NSCLC tissues and cells was analyzed using
quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Experiments using NSCLC cells were conducted to explore the influence of
PCGEM1 on tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion.

Results:

Increased expression of PCGEM1 was observed in NSCLC tissues and cells compared with the corresponding
controls (all P <0.001). PCGEM1 expression was associated with NSCLC patients’ lymph node metastasis
and TNM stage (all P <0.05), and the knockdown of PCGEM1 in NSCLC cells led to inhibited cell
proliferation, migration and invasion. The further luciferase reporter assay and expression results showed that
miR-152-3p might be a target gene of PCGEM1 and mediate the effects of PCGEM1 on cell proliferation, migration
and invasion in NSCLC.

Conclusion:

Thus, the findings from the present study indicate that the NSCLC patients have significantly increased
PCGEM1 and decreased miR-152-3p expression and that the knockdown of PCGEM1 may inhibit
NSCLC cell proliferation, migration and invasion by sponging miR-152-3p. The PCGEM1/miR-152-3p axis
may provide novel therapeutic targets for NSCLC treatment.
In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Aromatase Inhibitory Activity of Flavonoids: Synthesis, Molecular Docking and In silico ADME Prediction
Authors: Shah Umang , Patel Samir , Patel Mehul , Jain Neeraj , Pandey Nilesh , Chauhan Alex , Patel Ashish , Patel Sandip
Published: August 2021

Background:

Many natural and synthetic flavonoids have been studied and documented by inhibiting aromatase
enzymes for their anti-cancer activity against breast carcinoma. The aromatase enzyme is a possible target for
the estrogen's positive breast cancer receptor.

Objective:

Hence, a series of flavonoids have been synthesized and assessed for their in vitro cytotoxicity and aromatase
inhibitory activity.

Methods:

39 Flavonoids were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic techniques, and their computational
study was performed using the maestro version of the Schrodinger. In-silico ADME properties were checked by
QikProp software. A total of 18 compounds were evaluated based on the docking score using cytotoxicity assay in
human breast cancer cell line MCF-7.

Results:

Of the 18 compounds tested, 07 compounds, namely 2b, 8b, 14b, 15b, 19b, 24b, and 30b flavonoids were
found to be more active with their IC50 values of 20.73 μM, 1.636 μM, 16.08 μM, 22.02 μM, 15.75 μM, 0.345 μM and
16.08 μM, respectively, compared with the reference drug letrozole. The in-vitro aromatase inhibitory activity of six
compounds 2b, 8b, 14b, 19b, 24b, and 30b was conducted using a fluorogenic assay kit. The values of IC50 for compounds
2b and 24b were found to be 0.31 μM and 0.36 μM, respectively.

Conclusion:

Therefore, it was concluded that compounds 2b and 24b had a potent inhibitory effect of aromatase compared
with letrozole with an IC50 value of 0.86 μM. At the same time, the other compounds 8b, 14b, 30b, and 19b were
considered to have similar aromatase inhibitory activity. Hence, their essential aromatase inhibitory activities make
them good lead candidates for developing potent inhibitors of aromatase.