bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Amyloid-β Immunotherapy on Alzheimer disease: Prevention and Therapeutic Target
Authors:   Rosad Neurodegenerative Research Institute Jos, University of Medical Science Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Nigeria, Adeloye Opeyemi Oluwasanmi , David Oyeneyin Babatunde ,   Rosad Neurodegenerative Research Institute Jos, University of Medical Science Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Nigeria, Idowu Olukoju ,   Rosad Neurodegenerative Research Institute Jos, University of Medical Science Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Nigeria
Published: December 2021

Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease and form of dementia. The peptide amyloid-β (Aβ) is a most therapeutic target in AD on the basis of pathological and genetic suffices that supports a role for this molecule in the disease process. Studies show that Aβ immunotherapies (Active and passive) have been revealed to alleviate cerebral Aβ levels and improve cognition in animal models of AD. In humans, clinical trial phase 2 AN1792 conducted by Elan et al stated that Aβ vaccine was stopped when ~6% of the immunized patients developed meningoencephalitis. However, some plaque clearance and modest clinical improvements were observed in patients following immunization. In this study, Aβ immunotherapies will be discussed. Passive and active method of treatment in human and non-human primate with AD will also be review. Preclinical studies and the limited data from clinical trials and non-human primates’ evidence suggest Aβ immunotherapy as the most effective in preventing or slowing the progression of AD when patients are immunized before or in the very earliest stages of disease onset. AD Biomarkers and imaging technology have improved greatly over the past 11 years and, in the future, can be used to identify pre-symptomatic, at-risk individuals who might benefit from Aβ immunotherapy
Poikilodermatous Mycosis Fungoides: About 3 Cases and Literature Review
Authors:   Departement of Dermatology, CHU Hassan II, FES, Morocco, Aicha Elharrouni Alaoui , Sara Elloudi ,   Departement of Dermatology, CHU Hassan II, FES, Morocco, Zakia Douhi ,   Departement of Dermatology, CHU Hassan II, FES, Morocco, Hanane Baybay ,   Departement of Dermatology, CHU Hassan II, FES, Morocco, FZ Mernissi ,   Departement of Dermatology, CHU Hassan II, FES, Morocco
Published: December 2021

Poikilodermatous mycosis fungoides (PMF) is a rare clinical variant of early-stage MF with peculiar histological features. Poikiloderma occurs in many different clinical conditions, which makes a diagnosis procedure more complicated. PMF belongs to a group of MF variants with low risk of disease progression.We report 3 cases presented with mottled skin aspect of erythema, poikilodermatous patches (hypopigmentation, hyperpigmentation, atrophy, and telangiectasia) on more than 50-80% of the body. Based on clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical findings, we established the diagnosis of PMF
Structural Violence among Internally Displaced Persons (IDPS) Within Idp Settlements in Mogadishu Somalia
Authors:   Kalu Institute Spain, Mugambi Gitobu Cosmas , Michotte Karin ,   Kalu Institute Spain
Published: December 2021

Background: Gender based violence (GBV) remains a public health concern. Internally displaced persons (IDPs) and refugees have been shown to be at the highest risk of gender based violence. Somalia has been without a stable government for 26 years resulting in weak community and formal protection structures hence disproportionately increasing the vulnerability of females to gender based violence. Continued displacement of community members in South Central Somalia due to war, inters clan conflicts and the ongoing drought has resulted in more IDPs living in settlements along major urban areas. These IDPs continue to face violations such as forced evictions, discrimination and gender based violence. Objective: This study was aimed at investigating the past and present forms of structural violence faced by IDPs in Mogadishu as well as their knowledge and perceptions regarding the same. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional design was used in this study, in the month of May 2017. The study population for this survey was 320 IDPs in 10 IDP settlements in KM-11 and KM-13 regions of Mogadishu, South Central Somalia. Results: The study established a 91.7% prevalence rate of female genital mutilation among the female respondents. World Health Organization (W.H.O.) type III was the most common form of FGM that female respondents in the two IDP settlements (38.9%) had faced, followed by W.HO. type 4 (23.1%) and W.H.O. type I and II (15.9%). The mean age at which FGM was carried out among this group was 7 years while forced and early marriages (mean of 16 years) are common among this population group. Sexual assault and rape were singled out as the most common forms of violence faced by females in the two IDP settlements with the risk factors for this violence being described as displacement, overcrowding in IDP settlements, poor lighting in the IDP settlements at night, unaccompanied females in the IDP settlements and female headed households. Respondents expressed their overwhelming preference for community protection structures in averting GBV and customary law in arbitrating gender based violence cases. There was low awareness on services available for GBV survivors and so was the knowledge on the urgency to seek medical services within the 72 hours window period following rape. Conclusion: The study has established that structural violence is common among IDPs living in Mogadishu and it is constraining them from achieving the quality of life that would have otherwise been possible if they were not displaced. There is need to strengthen both community and formal protection units as well as raise awareness regarding the effects of the various forms of violence facing female IDPs, create awareness regarding services available for GBV survivors and ensure that these services are available and accessible to the IDPs
Association between hyperuricemia and clinical pathological characteristics of patients with IgA nephropathy
Authors: Ling Lu  , Bin Li  , Guohua Dai  , Yi Feng  , Huaguo Feng
Published: December 2021

Published in August 2021
Detection of typhoid carriers by duodenal fluid culture in a tertiary care hospital, Karachi: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Sonia Qureshi  , Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai  , Shafquat Rozi  , Shahida Qureshi  , Aneeta Hotwani  , Kamran Sadiq  , Om Parkash  , Abdul Momin Kazi  , Furqan Kabir  , Hadi Usmani  , Farah Naz Qamar
Published: December 2021

Published in August 2021.
Efficiency of soybean photosynthesis as affected by the components of cultivation technology
Authors: Baida M. P.
Published: December 2021

Purpose. Determine the efficiency of photosynthesis of soybean varieties ‘Ustia’, ‘Kordoba’, ‘Estafeta’ as affected by the use of microfertilizers and growth regulators.

Methods. Field, laboratory.

Results. The article presents the results of research to study the effectiveness of photosynthesis in the cultivation of different varieties of soybean. It was found that the treatment of plants with microfertilizer Yara Vita Mono Molitrak in the budding phase (0.25 l/ha) + in the flowering phase (0.25 l/ha) in combination with the growth regulator Radostym ensured a leaf area (1000 m2/ha) increase of 7.2 m2/ha in variety ‘Ustia’, 7.6 in ‘Kordoba’ and 5.2 in ‘Estafeta’, compared to control. At the same time, the efficiency of using the growth regulator Biosil against the background of double treatment with the microfertilizer was at the level of the treatments with single treatments with Yara Vita Mono Molitrak in the budding phase (0.25 l/ha) in combination with appropriate growth regulators.

Conclusions. It was investigated that the leaf surface area of ‘Ustia’ variety with foliar fertilization using Yara Vita Mono Molitrak microfertilizer in the budding phase (0.25 l/ha) in combination with growth regulators Biosil and Radostym was 38.8 and 39.2 thousand m2/ha. The use of microfertilizers twice in combination with the above-mentioned growth regulators contributed to the increase of leaf area to the level of 38.9 and 39.5 thousand m2/ha, respectively. Similarly, in ‘Kordoba’ soybean variety, the best option was the use of Yara Vita Mono Molitrak in the budding phase (0.25 l/ha) + in the flowering phase (0.25 l/ha) in combination with the growth regulator Radostym, which helped to increase the leaf area to 39.5 thousand m2/ha. Foliar fertilization with microfertilizers combined with the use of growth regulators provides the formation of maximum NPP. Thus, in ‘Ustia’ variety, it was 1.47 and 1.45 g/m2, in ‘Estafeta’ 1.82 and 1.82 g/m2 of dry matter per day.
PRIMEIRAS IMPRESSÕES DA LEI FEDERAL Nº. 13.867/19
Authors: Vilas Boas Souza Fagner
Published: December 2021

O processo de desapropriação é, ainda hoje, um desafio para a Administração Pública. A nova Lei Federal nº 13.867/19, sancionada em 26 de agosto de 2019, acrescenta ao Decreto-Lei nº 3.365/41 a possibilidade do uso da mediação e da arbitragem para definição dos valores de indenização ao desapropriado. O presente artigo visa apresentar as primeiras impressões acerca da nova Lei: em que medida poderá contribuir para o processo de desapropriação, quais suas lacunas e como deve ser interpretada.
APONTAMENTOS SOBRE O SISTEMA PENITENCIÁRIO FEDERAL E O EQUILÍBRIO ENTRE SEGURANÇA PÚBLICA E AS GARANTIAS INDIVIDUAIS
Authors: CARVALHO PRESSUTO HEBER
Published: December 2021

O Sistema Penitenciário Federal é um sistema carcerário ainda novo, tendo sua existência e destinação pouco conhecidas pela população. O número relativamente baixo de cidadãos cumprindo pena em suas dependências, nas quais é vedado por lei ultrapassar a capacidade máxima, a baixa divulgação das rotinas dessas penitenciárias e a ausência de publicações acerca do tema ressaltam o distanciamento entre a população e o referido sistema. Assim, o presente artigo busca reunir as informações oficiais atualmente disponíveis, de forma a permitir um certo grau de conhecimento sobre esse tema, até então pouco lembrado pelos juristas. Na sequência, é realizada a observação e análise de algumas decisões judiciais que versam sobre os direitos dos internos destes estabelecimentos, bem como sobre os direitos de seus familiares, objetivando tecer comparações entre o Sistema idealizado e a realidade dos que estão nele insertos. Como resultado, percebe-se que a ausência de alguns problemas recorrentes nos sistemas penitenciários estaduais não permite concluir pela inexistência de pontos críticos, se revelando necessária e urgente um voltar de olhos da população e da doutrina, para uma observação constante e aprofundada do Sistema Penitenciário Federal.
AS MISSÕES DE OBSERVAÇÃO DA ORGANIZAÇÃO DOS ESTADOS AMERICANOS NAS ELEIÇÕES DA AMÉRICA LATINA
Authors: Crosara Dyogo
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo visa analisar como estão sendo desenvolvidas as missões de observações eleitorais pela Organização dos Estados Americanos (OEA), na fiscalização de tais pleitos e qual a relevância dos relatórios que estão sendo apresentados pela entidade. Nos últimos anos, os regimes democráticos vigentes na América Latina têm sido enormemente questionados. Movimentos autoritários de direita e de esquerda vêm questionando a lisura das eleições e de vários resultados. Claramente, existem grupos interessados em gerar uma instabilidade nas estruturas das instituições, numa busca absurda por mais espaço de poder. No epicentro dessa discussão está o papel das observações realizadas pela Organização dos Estados Americanos (OEA), que envia seus representantes para o acompanhamento dos processos eleitorais. Tais relatórios, porém, não estão tendo a repercussão necessária para coibir as críticas apresentadas e tampouco para referendar os resultados dos pleitos. Analisamos algumas das últimas participações da OEA, em especial na Bolívia, em 2019, e nas eleições gerais no Brasil, em 2018, onde o atual Presidente da República questiona a segurança das urnas de votação, numa luta para que o sistema seja alterado de voto eletrônico para a votação em papel, podendo concluir pela necessidade de reformulação do formato das missões e do poder de coerção de suas decisões.
Mineralisasi Logam Mulia (Emas) dan Logam Dasar di Daerah Seteluk dan Sekitarnya, Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Widi Bambang Nugroho , Edya Putra
Published: December 2021

Penyelidikan dilakukan dengan latar belakang adanya pertambangan emas rakyat di sekitar daerah penyelidikan. Tujuan kegiatan yaitu untuk mengetahui kemenerusan dan tipe mineralisasi yang sudah ditemukan sebelumnya di luar daerah penyelidikan. Metoda yang digunakan meliputi pemetaan geologi dan pemercontoan geokimia sedimen sungai, batuan dan konsentrat dulang. Analisis sampel dilakukan di Laboratorium Kimia dan Fisika PSDMBP meliputi analisis kimia metoda AAS, pemeriksaan petrografi, mineragrafi, mineralogi butir dan Spec-Terra. Mineralisasi di daerah Seteluk dan sekitarnya merupakan salah satu bentuk mineralisasi yang menarik terjadi pada batuan intrusi granodiorit, vulkanik dan batuan sedimen. Ada tiga bentuk indikasi mineralisasi yaitu; pertama, mineralisasi epitermal sulfidasi rendah, ditandai oleh adanya urat kuarsa menerobos zona argilik (ilit, monmorilonit, dan kaolinit) pada batupasir dengan asosiasi mineral nya kalkopirit, sfalerit, galena dan pirit. Kedua, mineralisasi epitermal sulfidasi tinggi ditandai oleh adanya silika masif dimana terdapat struktur vuggy silica setempat sulfur dengan mineral alterasi pirofilit, jarosit, dan sulfidanya pirit. Ketiga, indikasi porfiri diperkirakan terjadi pada granodiorit dengan ciri utama teralterasi epidot, klorit disertai veinlet dan bintik-bintik magnetit. Mineral logam yang teridentifikasi memiliki asosiasi magnetit, ilmenit, kalkopirit, galena, sfalerit, kovelit dan oksida besi. Hasil analisis kimia batuan menunjukkan kadar Au tertinggi 98 ppb; Cu 774 ppm, Pb 7993 ppm dan Zn 23007 ppm. Indikasi mineralisasi Au dan Cu juga diketahui dari hasil pendulangan berupa butiran emas dan kalkopirit dengan prosentase butiran kalkopirit mencapai 53%. Pola alterasi dan mineralisasi menunjukkan munculnya magnetit disertai ilmenit, kalkopirit dan pirit pada intrusi granodiorit diperkirakan merupakan zona potasik (?) kemudian ke arah luar zona silika, argilik lanjut, zona argilik dan terluar zona propilit. Wilayah ini diperkirakan merupakan sistim mineralisasi tipe porfiri (?) di bagian dalam, kemudian diikuti oleh mineralisasi epitermal sulfidasi tinggi dan kemudian sulfidasi rendah dengan pusat mineralisasi diperkirakan masih berada di bawah permukaan.
Transgender Microcelebrity Activists: Self-broadcasting as Politics
Authors: Humphreys Kyle , Kim Jin
Published: December 2021

This research is a qualitative study of Natalie Wynn and Blaire White, two transgender women who empower themselves via social media. Through microcelebrity practices, these two figures have garnered audiences online to disseminate ideas pertaining to their political ideologies. I examine the transgender microcelebrities’ Instagram accounts and YouTube videos via Jerslev’s framework for microcelebrity practices based on observations of self-celebrification on YouTube. The observed content was then examined through a political activist lens using framework from Daskal on digital rights. Participatory technologies become a tool for mobilization and information sharing. Broadcasting one’s experiences and how they relate to larger dialectics of a minority group is political in nature. This self-representation is significant for minority groups that lack sufficient mainstream approval and media representation. This study cannot define what success looks like for a digital activist, as it would be difficult to find and measure qualitative actions directly resulting from self-broadcasting. As more communication takes place on computer-mediated technologies, it must be acknowledged these interactions do not take place within a vacuum, and effects are felt offline, even if we cannot measure each instance of influence from watching a 40-minute video on YouTube.
Understanding “Hijrah and Atonement” among Indonesian Celebrities: Social Psychology and Psychology of Religion Perspectives
Authors: Saloom Gazi
Published: December 2021

This article aims at understanding “hijrah and Atonement” from the perspectives of psychology in particular psychology of religion. This article focuses to investigate the phenomena of young people who conduct hijrah and the process of their hijrah?  This article is part of the qualitative studies on religious conversion among young generations including those are among Indonesian celebrities. Data and information are gathered from various online news and social media particularly from YouTube as the main source. Two main figures of Indonesian celebrities are chosen to be subjects of the study by using their life stories and statements about religious conversion in various online news and social media, and then those of stories and statements are analyzed with thematic analysis technique. This paper finds that the choice of religious conversion takes place through a long psychological and social process. Starting from a psychological crisis in a personal and interpersonal context and ending with a strong commitment and acceptance facing the consequences of their decision.  The pivotal conclusion of this study addresses that hijrah is a long process of seeking God and constructing meaningfulness.

Keywords: emigration, psychology, conversion, millennial

 

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memahami fenomena hijrah dari sudut pandang ilmu psikologi, terutama mencaritahu mengapa anak muda pesohor Indonesia tertarik untuk berhijrah dan bagaimana proses mereka berhijrah? Tulisan ini adalah hasil studi kualitatif tentang konversi agama di kalangan generasi milineal terutama di kalangan pesohor Indonesia. Data dikumpulkan dari berbagai berita online dan media sosial terutama Youtube sebagai sumber informasi. 2 tokoh pesohor Indonesia papan atas dipilih sebagai subyek studi dengan mengkaji pengalaman hidup dan pernyataannya terkait konversi agama di pemberitaan online dan media sosial lalu dianalisis dengan teknik analisis tematik.. Studi ini menemukan bahwa pilihan melakukan konversi keagamaan berlangsung melalui proses psikologis dan sosial yang panjang. Dimulai dari krisis psikologis dalam konteks personal dan interpersonal dan berakhir dengan komitmen yang kuat dan penerimaan konsekuensi dari keputusan berhijrah. Kesimpulan penting dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa hijrah merupakan perjanalan spiritual yang panjang dalam mencari Tuhan dan Kebermaknaan dengan segala cobaan dan tantangan yang mengikutinya.

 Kata Kunci: hijrah, psikologi, konversi, milineal
Actualization of Pancasila Values in The Tahlilan Tradition in Sapen Village Yogyakarta
Authors: Fajariyah Lukman , Dzulkifli Mohammad
Published: December 2021

This study aims to describe how Pancasila values are implanted ​​in the tahlilan tradition in Kampung Sapen Yogyakarta. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method using interviews with several figures in Kampung Sapen. The study finds that the tahlilan tradition among Sapen community enables to instill Pancasila values, including: 1) theological awareness of the existence of God Who Creates and Destroys;  this is the practice of Divine values/the first pillar; 2) the expression of sympathy for the bereaved family, and a congregational prayer for the deceased; this is the practice of the second pillar; 3) the gatherings  that reflect a sense of brotherhood and unity/the third pillar; 4) a full obedience to the leader of tahlil can be seen as the practice of the fourth pillar; 5) Equality of seats, food and duties shows the practice of justice within the community. Tahlilan in Kampung Sapen has been practiced since the 1950s. For the people of Sapen, tahlilan plays as a hub of friendship and da'wah.

Keywords: Pancasila values, tahlilan, Sapen  

 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan representasi nilai-nilai Pancasila dalam tradisi tahlilan di Kampung Sapen Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik wawancara terhadap beberapa tokoh dari penduduk Sapen yang representatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam tradisi tahlilan terdapat pengamalan nilai-nilai Pancasila yang selama ini dipraktikkan oleh masyarakat, yaitu: 1) kesadaran teologi akan adanya Tuhan yang Maha Menciptakan dan Mematikan manusia dan seluruh makhluk-makhluknya, ini adalah pengamalan dari nilai ketuhanan; 2) adanya simpati pada keluarga yang berduka, dan doa bersama untuk meminta kebaikan untuk sang almarhum, adalah pengamalan sila kedua; 3) berkumpulnya semua lapisan masyarakat dalam suatu majlis menunjukkan sikap persaudaraan dan persatuan yang kokoh; 4) kepatuhan dan ketundukan pada sang pemimpin tahlil meruPakan pengamalan dari sila keempat; 5) persamaan tempat duduk, makanan dan tugas menunjukkan keadilan yang nyata di tengah-tengah masyarakat. Tahlilan di Kampung Sapen telah ada sejak tahun 1950-an. Tahlilan bagi masyarakat Sapen berfungsi sebagai wadah silaturrahmi dan dakwah. Fenomena tradisi tahlilan di kampung Sapen membantah anggapan yang mengatakan bahwa warga Muhammadiyah tidak melaksanakan tahlilan.

Kata Kunci: nilai-nilai Pancasila, tahlilan, Sapen
Significant Applications of IoT in Covid Pandemic: A Systematic Review
Authors: M SASEEKALA
Published: December 2021

Today the entire world is in the exigency state-COVID-19 quarantine days. We should stay home to live. To avoid a fight over the spread of corona, the governments of all the countries have enforced a nationwide lockdown. Though the lockdown may have helped to control the spread of COVID, it has had a devastating impact on numerous domains like health, agriculture, education, global supply chains, trade, and various industries like automotive, power – electronics, travel, aeronautical, tourism industry…etc, which are the basic roots of the growth of a nation. This censorious situation can be wielded with the eminent technology “IoT”. Anytime, Anything, Anywhere”- this is the most significant feature of IoT. Any real-world object can be transformed into an intelligent object by the technology “IoT”. Because of the affordability and availability of smart devices, the entire world is more connected with IoT than ever before. From this standpoint, the authors have chosen five real-time areas health, education, industry, agriculture, and society. This survey initiates from the impacts of COVID in the above-chosen areas, how it diminishes the day-to-day events of human life, the vitality of IoT, how it helps to tackle the COVID issues without any quality degradation in this quarantine period. This systematic review completely appraises the innovations and contributions of IoT used by various researchers to defend the impacts of COVID and concludes with the pros and cons. A detailed exploration has been done in this article particularly on “IoT in COVID pandemic”. This will be more useful to the researchers to acquire clear-cut knowledge about the power of IoT, in particular how IoT plays a significant role in the period of COVID and further assists them to travel towards an innovative and serviceable direction in their research.
Prospecting for underground natural hydrogen - new energy for the future
Authors: Nguyen Anh Duc , Phan Ngoc Trung
Published: December 2021

Hydrogen, accounting for 75% of ordinary matter by mass and over 90% by atomic number, is the third most abundant element on the Earth's surface, mainly in the form of chemical compounds such as water and hydrocarbons. When burned, hydrogen gas (H2) produces heat and water without causing environmental pollution, thus it is expected to be one of the clean energy sources for the future. Industrial hydrogen has so far been mainly produced by thermochemical processes of fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas, and insignificantly by electrolysis of water. Recent natural hydrogen discoveries recorded in the world, especially the exploration and discovery of relatively pure underground hydrogen which was extracted and used as fuel for a local power generator in Bourakebougou (Mali), show the possibility of prospecting for underground natural hydrogen. The article provides an overview of natural hydrogen discoveries over the world and gives recommendations on the prospecting for underground natural hydrogen in Vietnam.
Hydrogen supply chain and production technology
Authors: Nguyen Thi Lan Oanh
Published: December 2021

Hydrogen is forecasted as an energy solution for the future thanks to its advantages of cleanliness, abundance and high energy conversion efficiency. The paper briefly introduces the hydrogen supply chain, hydrogen production technologies prevailing or expected in the future, as well as challenges that need to be addressed for a successful transition to a hydrogen-based economy.
Uso de la cascara de coco como sustrato en Vanilla sp
Authors: Santiago Pérez Johan Jesús , López Ochoa Gustavo Rogelio , Enríquez García Fabián , Juárez Lucas Plácido , Rodríguez Hernández Juan Manuel
Published: December 2021

Se realizó un experimento con cuatro especies de Vanilla, con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto del uso de sustrato de coco como cama de siembra en un cultivo establecido en sistema malla sombra. A lo largo de tres meses se utilizó fertilización orgánica y se evaluaron variables como: altura de planta, crecimiento de entrenudos, largo y ancho de hojas, porcentaje de clorofila y número de brotes, una vez realizado el análisis estadístico a los resultados obtenidos en campo, mostraron que la especie que mejores resultados presentó fue la Vanilla planifolia sobre todo en Altura de planta  y  porcentaje   de  clorofila,   mostrando   diferencias   estadísticamente   significativas   a comparación de la variedad Vanilla insignis. Las plantas de Vanilla presentaron un óptimo desarrollo y no ocurrieron problemas de enfermedades, plagas o pudrición de raíces debido a las propiedades hidrófilas y la alta capacidad de aireación que el sustrato utilizado contiene, gracias a esto se pudo demostrar que la cáscara de coco ayudó al desarrollo de vainilla.
Solution of system of the Fredholm integral equation of the first kind
Authors: Uskov Vladimir
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the study of a system of two inhomogeneous Fredholm integral equations of the first kind with two required functions depending on one variable. Integral equations describe the restoration of a blurred image, production costs, etc. Fredholm integral equations with one desired function have been considered in many works, but relatively few works have been devoted to systems of such equations. The questions of stability for the solution of systems and the construction of a regularizing system of equations were investigated, but the solution was not constructed in an explicit form. In this paper, the kernels depend on two variables. The case is considered: in the kernels and inhomogeneities, the variables are separated in the equations; these functions are decomposed on the basis of two functions on the interval of integration. Examples of basic functions are given. A condition is determined under which the system has a unique solution in the chosen basis, formulated as a theorem. The solution is found in the form of an expansion in this basis. To illustrate the results obtained, an example is considered
Resilience in intentionally destroyed historic settlements: An examination on Kirkuk Citadel and the old town of Van
Authors: Saban F. Duygu , Mokhtar Mustafa , Akar Tuba
Published: December 2021

Armed conflict is considered a major risk for cultural heritage since the Second World War and guidelines are prepared by international organizations such as UNESCO and ICCROM on risk management and protection of cultural heritage in conflict-affected areas. However, the main concerns are reducing risks prior to the armed conflict by identifying, analyzing, evaluating, treating and monitoring risks and managing them before the risk occurs. The literature is quite narrow in respect to the ways of protecting cultural heritage and sustaining life for both buildings and people in intentionally destroyed historic settlements. Within this context, this study aims to raise the question on how to manage change in the intentionally destroyed historic settlements and how to strengthen resilience in conflict-affected areas. In order to achieve this aim, an examination on two case studies, Kirkuk Citadel and the Old Town of Van, which were both intentionally destroyed as a result of armed conflict is made using comparative analysis method. The cases are chosen to represent different time periods, scales and types of destruction. Depending on the international law and guidelines, the study tries to understand the impact of armed conflict on the historic settlements embracing tangible and intangible cultural heritage, types of risks that threaten them and the ways to strengthen resilience in such areas. It is revealed as a result of the study that for both case study areas, being in the tentative list of UNESCO World Heritage is seen a primary step to be internationally recognized and to claim help for future actions aiming to reduce risks. Nevertheless, it can be argued that strategies have to be developed depending on the size and level of destruction, and the level of intervention to preserve and to rehabilitate life in such historic settlements, as each intentionally destroyed historic settlement has unique cultural, political and economic characteristics.
Redevelopment of squatting housing in Turkey in the case of Altındağ, Ankara
Authors: Akyüz Sinan
Published: December 2021

The focus of this paper is the redevelopment of the squatter settlements in Ankara Turkey.  Most of the articles focus on gentrification and changing neighbourhood social structures but the redevelopment of the squatter settlements also aims the production of formal low-income housing as well as the integration of previous non-formal housing into formal urban space. Therefore, this article suggests that the contemporary redevelopment project of squatters in Ankara, Turkey is a part of a broader strategy of integrating low-income into the formal housing system by cooperating with a part of low-income groups. The research was made in Altındağ, Ankara by using a deep semi-structured interview, and document analyses method. The researcher conducted 25 interviews with residents and 2 interviews with officials.
Naval museum spaces a study on accessibility and visibility based on the relationship between the sea and land
Authors: Gül Nurcan , Erk Sevilay
Published: December 2021

The relationship between location and context, design, and usage gains importance in architectural structures. The interrelated patterns of different syntactic and semantic layers compose the built space especially museums or exhibition spaces. The museum spaces have a considerable part of everyday life in terms of social interaction. The accessibility, visibility, and circularity of the museum spaces are affecting the integration of the human-space activity. The museums by the sea are recognized with the silhouette of the city. These museums are accessible from the seaway and overland routes. It is important that the museums as an exhibition space in the city are visible from both the sea and the land and provide two different accesses. For this reason, the study investigates two naval museums which emphasize the importance of location belonging and the type of the museum. Within the scope of the study, Genova Galata Museo Del Mare in Italy and the Istanbul Deniz Müzesi in Turkey with a similar location and function are examined. The museums are close to the seaway and visible from the sea. However, Istanbul Deniz Müzesi’s access is provided from the motorway due to the actual usage. On the other hand, in the case of Galata, the situation is the opposite. Thus, the museum structure is passed through in it and creates the connection space between the sea and land. The aim of the study is not only a representation of the maritime structure of the museum in a city that is the sea but also to highlight the importance of access from both sides. Furthermore, with the examination of the visibility, accessibility and circularity affect, the usage and time-related changes in the museum to be focused. For this purpose, use from the sea and the land, the relationship between the land and the sea will be evaluated as a bridge of the ground floor. In this study, the space syntax analysis method is applied. Space syntax provides an analytical analysis of human-environment relations, accessibility, and movement values. (Hillier et al., 1987).  The relevant results will create a research base for further use and change over time. In conclusion, in two different sea countries’ naval museums are evaluated with the context of location and usage comparatively. The accesses of the museums and exhibitions areas are also evaluated by the visibility, accessibility, circularity analyses. A scientific base has been created to examine past, present, and future usage.
Organized complexity of the urban object
Authors: Major Mark David , Atour Raya M. , Tannous Heba O.
Published: December 2021

Over a half-century, space syntax has proven resilient as a theory and method for describing and analyzing the built environment from dwellings and complex buildings to cities. The paper briefly discusses resilience as a concept in the built environment and the foundations of space syntax itself. We summarize the body of the theoretical thinking in space syntax – laws of the urban object, generic function, principles of centrality and linearity, the design method of spatio-formal processes, and laws of spatial emergence-convergence – before offering a new hypothesis about laws of spatial conservation and spatial optimization at work in the built environment. The latter builds on Conroy-Dalton’s (2001) ideas about angularity and the conservation of linearity in movement. Both could provide an essential bridge with Carvalho and Penn’s (2004) concept of self-similarity in settlements, which relates to Batty and Longley’s (1994) notions of fractal cities. We argue the hypothesis of conservation-optimization defines the conceptual framework for the progressive and regressive practice of urban planning in settlements. We illustrate this theoretical discussion by demonstrating the resilience or replication of previous space syntax findings, and by drawing on new research about the history, spatial structure, and neighborhood logic of Metropolitan Doha.
Relative rhythms, urban oases, and spatial resilience / Exploring syntaxes of seclusion, solitude, and tranquility
Authors: Koch Daniel
Published: December 2021

This article engages with the role of what one might tentatively call “secondary” urban spaces, in that while they are public, they are not the most vibrant, populated, or active places. These are not the spaces envisioned in many project illustrations. They are not full of people and activity. They are however a crucial part of a wider texture of urban situations, and important to extending our understanding of seclusion, solitude, and tranquility beyond distant parks and recreation areas. My aim here is to understand the emergence of these spaces in-between; those that are close to the vibrant streets and are embedded in city centers yet which offer a respite from the most bustling urbanity. These spaces, I will argue, more easily allow for the kinds of interactions that can lead to bridging and bonding with the unknown, in addition to the important everyday encounters that occur on central streets and squares. Using qualitative methods which build on Lefebvre’s rhythmanalysis, the discussion will draw on observations of the syntactic properties that condition, enable, and characterize such spaces, and address a series of concepts, including capacity, insulation, sequencing, and interface. A better understanding of such places, it is argued, not only allows a richer set of tools for working with urban design and planning, but offers possibilities for more resilient planning in terms of generating social relations, the emergence of communities, and for cities to manage and withstand extraordinary conditions.
To integrate or not to integrate? A matter of choice for universities
Authors: Cannas da Silva Luísa , Valsassina Heitor Teresa
Published: December 2021

What is the right location for a university campus? Universities have a preponderant role in today’s societal models. They have been in the core of development — economic, social, sustainable, inter alia — and their role within urban context has changed in order to respond to the university mission — that nowadays includes of civic engagement as well as a stronger participation in economies, through the development of startups and innovation ecosystems. This paper relies on the premise that, even in a post-pandemic world, the Campus is still a window to the world, it can shape the perception people have of the University, can be used as a branding asset and, most of all, impacts the lives of everyone living, learning, and working there. The Campus is a very powerful tool, one that universities worldwide have been using as a way of positioning themselves, of attracting students and faculty, and also creating synergies and relationships with companies. It shapes the relationships created inside and outside of it. As such, this research argues that universities can be key elements in generating and enabling dynamic synergies, promoting the presence of students, academics, and learning spaces in urban contexts. To accomplish this, universities should preserve their spatial identity and uniqueness, while guaranteeing the existence of adequate places for all learning related activities and embodying inclusion and sustainable development, promoting encounters and interaction. These two needs, for inclusion and livelihood while safeguarding some privacy coexist creating some tension for all campus users. With this issue in mind, this paper explores an analytical framework for university campuses within urban fabrics, understanding the different types of urban insertion and connections established with local and regional players, and exploring the dichotomy between closeness centrality and betweenness centrality, as variables than can be used to balance the tension between integration and privacy that affects university campuses and academic communities worldwide. Four compact university campuses that host similar functions are used to test the methodology: Simon Fraser University in Burnaby, Canada; Aalto University in Espoo, Finland; MIT in Cambridge, MA, USA; and Yale University, in New Haven, USA. This paper relies on syntactic analysis to provide deeper information and some clarification on the university location and accessibility within the urban fabrics.
CÂNCER COLORRETAL SINCRÔNICO: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Baldim José Ademar , Andrade Baldim Marcus Odilon , Andrade Baldim Marissa , Buffo Giovanna , Barraqui Nardo Beatriz
Published: December 2021

Introdução: o câncer (CA) colorretal é considerado um grave problema de saúde pública, principalmente nos países desenvolvido. Este tipo de tumor apresenta uma alta taxa de mortalidade, e seu diagnóstico precoce pode contribuir para o tratamento e cura da doença. Diante disso, este estudo trouxe um relato de caso de paciente atendido em um hospital na cidade de Alfenas, MG, que foi diagnosticado com câncer colorretal sincrônico (CCRs). Relato de caso: paciente G.V.C., sexo masculino, 65 anos, natural e residente de Alfenas-MG. O paciente buscou atendimento médico, por estar sentindo fortes dores abdominais, foi submetido à avaliações clinicas, laboratoriais e de imagem, as quais constaram a presença de CA de colorretal em estadiamento T3N0. O paciente recebeu tratamento e acompanhamento adequados. Discussão: neste estudo ficou evidente a importância da busca por auxílio médico diante dos primeiros sinais e sintomas apresentados pela doença. Somado a isso, avaliações devem ser realizadas para rastreio possibilitando o diagnostico precoce para que o tratamento curse de forma adequada à manutenção da saúde e da vida do paciente.
Phone Cameras and the Internet as it affects the Photographic Abilities of Students in South-South Nigeria
Authors: Uti Frank .I
Published: December 2021

Illustrations when captured using cameras help its mastery, but photographic skills have been hampered by the discovery of the digitalised camera phone manufactured by Samsung and released in South Korea in June of 2000. Photographic skills have further been slowed down by the coming of the internet. To cover this empirical study, one objective and research question was used. The study therefore examined the effects of phone cameras and the internet on the photographic abilities of students in South-South Nigeria. The target population was students who studied Fine and Applied Arts that specialized in graphics. The population only involved the years three and four students. The methodology was a quantitative survey which applied the interview of students and lecturers. The cluster and purposive sampling method was applied. Data was analyzed using simple percentages. Fifty two students in all were interviewed and presenting four questions while those of lectures was eleven presenting two questions. The action of students in this study was greatly influenced by two theories. The theory of social exchange which is maximized by rewards and minimized by costs and the theory of reinforcement, the stimuli coming from the teachers being quiet on the students direction. The results indicated that the student’s photographic knowledge was negatively affected by the use of phone cameras and the use of the internet especially on their phones. This situation was accentuated by their teachers not insisting on how or where to obtain illustrations. The recommendations included their lecturers insisting on the use of professional cameras, the university authorities providing quality professional cameras for study purposes and lecturers must insist that students avoid the use of phone camera for their illustrative assignments because its provides another avenue to download and copy.
МЕТРОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ПАССИВНЫХ КОМПОНЕНТОВ ВОЛОКОННО-ОПТИЧЕСКИХ ЛИНИЙ СВЯЗИ
Authors: Звонцов А. С. , Кислов А. П.
Published: December 2021

В статье рассмотрены вопросы метрологического обеспечения оптической связи. Показаны типы соединителей и варианты комплектации муфт для оптических кабелей дальней связи, вносящие собственные затухания в сеть передачи данных, не превышающие установленные существующими стандартами в области телекоммуникаций. Приведены различные способы измерения параметров оптических волокон и пассивных компонентов на различных этапах строительства и эксплуатации волоконно-оптических линий связи. Разобраны теоретические и практические вопросы, связанные с передачей света по оптическим волокнам. Представлены основные передаточные характеристики многомодового оптического волокна и нелинейные эффекты, возникающие в оптоволокне при передаче сигналов по пассивным оптическим компонентам. Полученные результаты метрологических измерений, подтверждающие существующие технические решения для создания централизованной оптической архитектуры структурированных кабельных систем и для улучшения качества оптических коммуникаций. Определенные полученные показатели позволят производить работы по проектированию и монтажу физической инфокоммуникационной инфраструктуры, включающей в себя следующие функциональные подсистемы: вертикальная подсистема, система активного сетевого оборудования, горизонтальная подсистема, система рабочего места. Даны расчеты, показывающие, что оптимизированные для лазерного излучения многомодовые волокна обладают минимальными значениями межмодовой и хроматической дисперсиями, и дальнейшее развитие физического уровня инфокоммуникационной сетевой модели ISO OSI позволит полностью перейти на данные типы оптоволоконных систем с более высоким коэффициентом широкополосности.
К ПРОБЛЕМАМ ПОТЕРИ И СОХРАНЕНИЯ ТЕПЛА В ДВС
Authors: Костюченков Н. В. , Абдрахманов А. Б. , Оразалиев Б. Т. , Қоңқыбаева А. Н. , Мукашева А. Р.
Published: December 2021

Рассмотрены проблемные вопросы эксплуатации автотранспорта, в частности, утелизация, уменьшение потери и сохранения тепловой энергии в двигателях внутреннего сгорания (ДВС). В итоге все эти мероприятия приведет к повышению КПД двигателя в целом. Теплопередача передается тремя способами: теплопроводностью, конвекцией и излучением. Найдены самые практически доступные способы утилизации тепловой энергий и пути ее сохранения. Выполнен анализ научных работ. Даны теоретические расчетные формулы потери тепловой энергии. Даны диаграммы для практического использования при проектировании таких аккумуляторов тепла для транспортных средств. Показаны пути повышения ресурсов эксплуатации ДВС автотранспорта. Указаны основные используемые теплоизоляционные материалы как, асбест, пробка, слюда, шлаковая, минеральная или стеклянная вата, шерсть и др. Указаны основные эксплуатационные режимы работы двигателей внутреннего сгорания, определяющие в значительной степени его долговечность, основной износ происходит двигателей во время их запусков и прогреве из-за температурного фактора. Предлагаемый вакуумный способ сохранения тепла открывает самые новые направления основания для повышения эффективности теплоизоляции конструкции корпусов аккумуляторов тепла. Найдены экспериментальные зависимости сохранения тепла в ТА от их объема.
Determination of The Electronic Properties of Some Organic Electroluminescent 2-[3-(Methyl/Ethyl/p-Methylbenzyl)-5-oxo-1H-1,2,4-triazol-4(5H)-yl]-isoindoline-1,3-diones with Density Function Theory
Authors: BEYTUR Murat , TURHAN Zeynep Şilan , YÜKSEK Haydar
Published: December 2021

The potential organic electroluminescent properties of 4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-one derivatives that have recently attracted much of the scientists' interest is discussed. The electronic features of these heterocyclic organic compounds are examined with computational methods. The calculation operations were conducted with the high-performance server systems running on Windows operating systems. The geometries of the studied molecules were plotted using the GaussView 5.0 computer program. Theoretical calculations were conducted using the Gaussian09W program. Then, the HOMO-LUMO shapes of the molecules that were optimized with theoretical calculations were obtained. The HOMO-LUMO energy difference (ΔE) of each molecule was calculated in terms of eV. The results were compared with the values obtained from relevant literature. According to the theoretical and simulation results obtained from the B3LYP 6-311G++(d,p) and CAMB3LYP 6-311G++(d,p) basic set calculations of the DFT (Density Functional Theory) method used in this study; when the HOMO-LUMO energy differences were examined, it was determined that from among the studied candidate molecules, there were potential molecules that have/could have optoelectronic features. Therefore, it is expected that the study will shed light on synthetic organic chemistry procedures in terms obtaining optoelectronic materials. Organic electronic devices are quite remarkable due to their optoelectronic features. These devices can be examined under three main headings. These are organic light emitting diode (OLED), organic thin-film transistors (OTFT) and organic solar cells. These devices are usually structured in the form of anode-organic material-cathode layers placed on top of each other.
Cyber Forensic – A Literature Review
Authors: Chaturvedi Aparna , Awasthi Ashish
Published: December 2021

Cyber Forensics is a branch of forensic science that is aimed to restore, collect and examine the digital evidence of materials found in digital devices, in relation to cybercrimes. With the advancement in cyber area, frequent use of internet and technologies leads to cyber-attacks. Cyber forensic is opted for acquiring electronic information and investigation of malicious evidence found in system or on network in such a manner that makes it admissible in court. It is also used to recover lost information in a system. The retrived information is used to prosecute a criminal. Number of crimes committed against an internet and malware attacks over the digital devices have increased. This paper contains a brief review of the literature aimed to identify the relevant pieces of knowledge in the digital forensics field.