bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On cardinality of image of correct families of Boolean functions
Authors: Galatenko Alexey Vladimirovich , Nosov Valentin Alexandrovich , Pankratiev Anton Evgenievich , Tsaregorodtsev Kirill Denisovich
Published: April 2023

Finite quasigroups are a promising structure for realizing various cryptographic primitives. Table job quasigroup operation requires quadratic on the order of the quasigroup the amount of memory; as a consequence, when using quasigroups of large order, the problem of minimizing spatial complexity. One possible solution is to move from tabular assignment of an operation to a functional one. V.A. The bow was a construction based on proper families of functions and allowing one to define large parametric families of quasigroups big order. We have previously announced results on the power sets of quasigroups generated by a given regular family. It turned out that this power is completely determined by the power of the image correct family. In our work, we present a number of results on cardinalities of the image of regular families of Boolean functions.
SLDPSO-TA: Track Assignment Based on Social Learning Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Liu Genggeng , Jing Yidan , Zhou Ruping , Chen Xiaohua , Pan Jeng-Shyang
Published: April 2023

In the modern Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) circuit design, the short-circuit problem is one of the key factors affecting routability. Due to the increased circuit size and net density, the short-circuit problem grows significantly in detailed routing. Furthermore, global routing ignores many problems in detailed routing, making for an increased mismatch between global routing and detailed routing. As a crucial intermediate phase between global routing and detailed routing, track assignment is an excellent phase to pre-process the short-circuit problem. However, existing track assignment algorithms face the problem of falling into local optimality. As one of the typical representatives of the swarm intelligence techniques, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is a powerful tool to solve large-scale discrete problems. Therefore, we propose an effective Track Assignment Algorithm Based on Social Learning Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization (SLDPSO-TA). First, the proposed algorithm considers local nets to better guide detailed routing and an effective encoding method is designed to adapt the evolutionary algorithms better. Second, the social learning mode based on example pool mechanism is presented to improve the algorithm performance. Finally, a negotiation-based refining strategy is utilized to further reduce the overlap. Experimental results show that SLDPSO-TA can obtain the best overlap cost optimization among similar works, and reduce the congestion in key routing areas.
Body Sensor Cloud Network Based Data Classification By Machine Learning Techniques In Cognitive Human Computer Interaction
Authors: D Vinod , S.S Sathya , Shukla Sanjai Kumar , Pichandi Kavitha Vellore , Qamar Shamimul , P Muthuchelvi
Published: April 2023

Recent developments in cognitive technical systems (CTS), which offer organic and effective operating principles, reveal a development in human-computer interaction (HCI). A CTS must rely on data from several sensors, which must then be processed and merged by fusion algorithms, to do this. To put the observations made into the proper context, additional knowledge sources must also be integrated. This research propose novel technique in cognitive human computer interaction based body sensor data analytics using machine learning technique. here the body sensor based monitoring data has been collected and transmitted by cloud networks for cognitive human computer interaction. then this data has been processed and trained using Boltzmann perceptron basis encoder neural network. Various body sensor-based monitored datasets are subjected to experimental analysis for accuracy, precision, recall, F-1 score, RMSE, normalised square error (NSE), and mean average precision. Proposed technique obtained 93% accuracy, 79% precision, 72% of recall, 64% f-1 score, 51% of RMSE, 56% NSE and 48% MAP.
Experience and severity of menopause symptoms and effects on health-seeking behaviours: A cross-sectional online survey of community dwelling adults in the United Kingdom
Authors: Huang David Roy , Goodship Anigail , Webber Iman , Alaa Aos , Sasco Eva Riboli , Hayhoe Benedict , El-Osta Austen
Published: April 2023

Objective
Investigate personal experiences of menopause and perspectives on group consultations.
Design
Cross-sectional online survey of community-dwelling adults aged 35–70 years.
Setting
Community setting
Participants
953 individuals assigned female at birth, aged 35–70 and living in the UK.
Methods
An online survey investigated the experiences of individuals at all stages of menopause and their receptiveness towards group consultations for menopause. Respondents were categorised by menopause stage according to the STRAW + 10 staging system. Associations between menopause stage, acceptability of group consultations and participant demographics were assessed using logistic regression.
Main outcome measures
Stage of menopause, self-care behaviours and acceptability of group consultations.
Results
Respondents experienced an average of 10.7 menopausal symptoms, but only 47% of respondents felt they had the knowledge and tools to manage their symptoms. Advice on menopause was sought from a healthcare professional (HCP) by 61% of respondents, the largest trigger for this being severity of symptoms and the main barrier for this was the perception that menopause wasn’t a valid enough reason to seek help. Of the respondents seeking advice from HCP, 32% were prescribed transdermal HRT, 30% received oral HRT, 19% were offered antidepressants, 18% received local oestrogen and 6% were prescribed testosterone. Over three quarters (77%) of respondents indicated that they would join a group consultation for menopause and would be comfortable sharing their experiences with others (75%). Logistic regression indicated premenopausal respondents were 2.84 times more likely than postmenopausal women to be interested in a group consultation where they can meet or learn from others’ experiences.
Conclusions
This study highlighted a strong willingness of women aged 35–70 to participate in group consultations for menopause, with motivation being strongest amongst premenopausal women. Low awareness of self-management and lifestyle interventions to manage the symptoms of menopause highlight the need for greater outreach, research and interventions to build knowledge and confidence in the general population at scale. Future studies should focus on investigating the effectiveness and economic impact of menopause group consultations and the lived experience of individuals participating in group consultations.
Ca-dimers and solvent layering determine electrochemically active species in Ca(BH4)2 in THF
Authors: Matias Ana Sanz , Roncoroni Fabrice , Sundararaman Siddharth , Prendergast David
Published: April 2023

Divalent ions, such as Mg, Ca, and Zn, are being considered as competitive, safe, and earth-abundant alternatives to Li-ion electrochemistry. However, the challenge remains to match elec- trode and electrolyte materials that stably cycle with these new formulations, based primarily on controlling interfacial phenomena. We explore the formation of electroactive species in the electrolyte Ca(BH4)2 in THF through molecular dynamics simulation. Free-energy analysis indicates that this electrolyte has a majority population of neutral Ca dimers and monomers, albeit with diverse molecular conformations as revealed by unsupervised learning techniques, but with an order of magnitude lower concentration of possibly electroactive charged species, such as the monocation, CaBH4+, which we show is produced via disproportionation of neutral Ca(BH4)2 complexes. Dense layering of THF molecules within 1 nm of the electrode surface (modeled here using graphite) hinders the approach of reducible species to within 0.6 nm and instead enhances the local concentration of species in a narrow intermediate-density layer from 0.7-0.9 nm. A dramatic increase in the monocation population in this intermediate layer is induced at negative bias, supplied by local dimer disproportionation. We see no evidence to support any functional role of fully-solvated Ca2+ in the electrochemical activity of this electrolyte. The consequences for performance and alternative formulations are discussed in light of this molecular-scale insight.
SIRT2/HSF1/PERK pathway is essential for melatonin-alleviated endoplasmic reticulum stress in cerebral ischemic/reperfusion injury
Authors: li han , liu xiaoqi , zheng jiayi , lin hao , guan li , li xiaoxiao , cai yefeng , zhang shijie
Published: April 2023

Background: Targeting endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress with melatonin has been proven helpful for cerebral ischemic/reperfusion (CI/R) damage, while the mechanism remains unclear. In current study, we investigated whether melatonin could ameliorate ER stress in CI/R injury through sirtuin 2 (SIRT2).
Methods: Male SD rats were underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO-R) surgery. Melatonin was treated 30 min before MCAO-R.
Results: Melatonin (20 mg/kg) notably improved MCAO-R-induced cerebral neurologic impairment and infarct volume. Melatonin reversed MCAO-R induced upregulation of SIRT2 and activation of ER stress (reduced phosphorylated protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK) and phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor 2α). Consistently, in OGD/R-treated HT22 cells, melatonin also significantly alleviated ER stress and SIRT2 expression. Further Co-immunoprecipitation and co-immunofluorescence studies revealed that melatonin enhanced heat shock factor 1 (HSF 1)acetylation. Inhibiting of Sirt2 by siRNA also increased HSF1 acetylation in OGD/R-treated cells. Melatonin significantly inhibited PERK activator (CCT020312)-induced ER stress, while CCT020312 had no influence on SIRT2 and HSF1 acetylation.
Conclusion: Our findings elucidated that SIRT2/HSF1/PERK pathway is essential for melatonin-alleviated CI/R injury, providing a novel molecular mechanism.
Environmental footprints show the savings potential of high reparability through modular smartphone design
Authors: Schomberg Anna , Mostert Clemens , Bringezu Stefan
Published: April 2023

Two thirds of all people own a mobile phone or smartphone, which are typically not very durable and often are replaced. As a result, mobile phones already outnumber people on earth and represent the fastest growing waste stream. This entails a whole range of problems. On the environmental impact side, issues range from high input of metal ores to large amounts of electronic waste. Here, we quantify the environmental benefit of reparability on the example of a modular and easily repairable smartphone facilitating a longer lifetime. Within the scope of a life cycle assessment, we analyse the climate, energy, land, material and water footprint, focusing on the potential savings that arise from modularity and the longer lifetime. A modular use case, in which a smartphone is used for 5 years through replacement of defective modules, is compared to a reference use case with 2.5 years standard use and no replacements by means of the application-related functional unit "smartphone use for one year". The reference use case is responsible for 9 kg climate-damaging emissions, consumes 33 kWh of energy, 0.4 m2 of land, 16 kg of raw material and 32 kg of primary material as well as 3 m3 of water and would require 8,000 m3 of dilution water to eliminate water pollution by dilution. The modular use case can save an average of 40% of emissions and natural resources per functional unit. In the area of gold production alone, 3 kg of raw materials or 9 kg of primary materials can be saved. Scaled to 2 billion smartphones sold worldwide yearly, raw material savings are in the order of 13,000 multi-family houses, while CO2 emissions can be saved in the order of 12 million medium-haul flights per year. Spatial hotspots of environmental impacts can be reduced and mitigated if easy reparability is ensured through a modular design and if customers use their smartphones longer.
Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Liver Disease Undernutrition Screening Tool(LDUST)
Authors: Wang Runzhu , Xu Min , Yu Xia , Wang Hao , Huang Lihua
Published: April 2023

Objective The aim was to carry out the sinicization of the Liver Disease Undernutrition Screening Tool (LDUST) and test its reliability and validity in patients with cirrhosis.
Methods In this study, LDUST was translated into Chinese according to the Brislin translation-back method and then Chinesified through cultural adaptation and pre-survey. From October 2021 to September 2022, 322 patients with liver cirrhosis were selected in the hepatology department of a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang Province of China for malnutrition screening within 24-48 hours after admission. The study tested the reliability and validity of LDUST.
Results The final Chinese version of LDUST consisted of two dimensions and six items. The item-level content validity index (I-CVI) of tool items ranged from 0.83 to 1.00, the scale-level content validity index (S-CVI) of tool level was 0.97, the structure validity χ 2 /DF was 2.112, and the root mean square error of approximation（RM-SEA)was 0.073. The normalized fit index was 0.965, the appropriate value-added index was 0.981, the non-standard fit index was 0.964, the Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.738, and the Guttman half-coefficient of the tool was 0.693.
Conclusion The Chinese version of the Liver Disease Undernutrition Screening Tool (LDUST) has good reliability and validity and is suitable for screening malnutrition in patients with cirrhosis in China.
Preparation and characterization of core@shell structures of Glycerin@Fe3O4, and Al2O3@Fe3O4 nanoparticles for use in hyperthermia therapy
Authors: Samakosh Saleh Fallah , Bahari Ali , Hamidabadi Vaheed Fallah , Moghaddam Hossain Milani
Published: April 2023

Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have received a great deal of attention in biomedical applications due to their high magnetic sensitivity, large surface area, and superparamagnetic behavior. Their low stability, toxicity, and severe accumulation tendency in aqueous media have, however, hindered their application in hyperthermia treatments. This problem can be resolved by the incorporation of non-magnetic and biocompatible shells on Fe3O4. The aim of this research is thus the introduction of Glycerin and Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) as two proper materials for coating Fe3O4 and the investigation of their efficiency in this field. The results indicated that Glycerin@Fe3O4 and Al2O3@Fe3O4 have a core@shell structure and superparamagnetic features with relatively high saturation magnetization (MS). The cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanoparticles was evaluated on normal fibroblast and lung cancer cell lines (A54912) for 24 and 48 hours using the MTT assay. The viability of the A54912 and fibroblast cell lines in the presence of Fe3O4 was significantly lower than the two coated nanoparticles. This implies that the Glycerin and Al2O3 provided the Fe3O4 nanoparticles with proper biocompatibility. The effectiveness of the synthesized NPs in magnetic hyperthermia was evaluated by exposure of the nanoparticle solutions in water (0.2 and 0.4 mg/ml) to a high-frequency alternating magnetic field for 30 min. the results indicated the achievement of treatment temperature (42–46 ℃) in a short time and elimination of a large percentage of the A54912 cells. In this regard, the present research reported the promising efficacy and efficiency of Glycerin@Fe3O4 and Al2O3@Fe3O4 in hyperthermia-based cancer treatment.
The Effect of Inactivated Vaccine on the Expression of Some Immune-Related Genes in Semislippery Tongue Sole (Cynoglossus Semilaevis)
Authors: yao qiang , shao peng , Zhou Jinyi , Yang Zhanglei , Ji Linting , Yan Wen , Cheng Haosen , Luo Na , Meng Fang
Published: April 2023

In this paper, the whole bacteria inactivated vaccine was prepared by the mermaid subspecies of Mermaid Luminescent Bacillus. The semislippery tongue sole was immunized by immersion and intraperitoneal injection respectively. The liver, kidney, gill and spleen were dissected and RNA was extracted at nine time points, 0h, 4h, 8h, 12h, 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h and 7d after immunization. Detection was carried out in various tissues, using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, upon ,the expression changes of the following seven immune-related genes: Toll-like receptor (TLR2), myeloid differentiation factor MyD88, nuclear transcription factor (NF)-κB, co-stimulatory molecule CD28 expressed on the surface of T lymphocytes, CD40, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, interleukin (IL)-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α. The results show：Among the two immunization methods, except for the expression amount of genes of IL-1β in liver and kidney and that of MyD88 in liver in the immersion group being lower than that in the control group, the expression of genes in other tissues showed an upward trend compared with that in control group. In addition, under the immersion immunization mode, except for the TNF-α gene, the tissues with the highest gene expression among the four tissues were gill or spleen；Under injection immunization, the tissues with the highest gene expression among the four tissues were liver or kidney. Also in the immersion group the vast majority of genes showed, at 0h of immune treatment, significantly higher expression than in the control group. The results show that：Both immunization modalities elicited an immunoprotective response in semislippery tongue sole, and there was organizational variability in the expression of immune-related genes through the different immunization modalities.
KLF5 promotes esophageal squamous cell cancer through the transcriptional activation of FGFBP1
Authors: wang fengyun , Luo Ming , Cheng Yufeng
Published: April 2023

Krüpple-like factor 5 (KLF5) is a zinc-finger-containing transcription factor implicated in several human malignancies, but its potential regulatory mechanisms implicated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain elusive. Here, we show that KLF5 is up-regulated in ESCC, where its level was significantly associated with tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis status. Up-regulated KLF5 expression promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ESCC cells. Reduced KLF5 showed the opposite effects. Mechanistically, KLF5 exerts its tumor promotion effect by up-regulating fibroblast growth factor binding protein 1 (FGF-BP1) and snail family transcriptional repressor 2 (SNAIL2). KLF5 binds to the promoter regions of FGF-BP1 and transcriptionally activates its expression. Our study indicated that KLF5 could promote esophageal squamous cell cancer proliferation, migration, and invasion by up-regulating FGF-BP1/ SNAIL2 signaling. Our work suggests that KLF5 might be a proto-oncogene in ESCC and implicated in ESCC metastasis.
Design and Stability Analysis of an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) Based Pacemaker controller in MATLAB Simulink
Authors: Dabiriaghdam Asghar , Dabanloo Nader Jafarnia , Rahatabad Fereidoun Nooshiravan , Maghooli Keivan
Published: April 2023

This paper presents the design and stability analysis of an Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system-based controller of a pacemaker in MATLAB Simulink. ANFIS uses Learning and Speed properties of Fuzzy and Neural Networks. Based on body states and preprogrammed situations of patients (age and sex, etc.),heart rate and amplitude of pacing pulse are changed. Output signal that is fed backed from heart is compared to the reference fuzzy bases ANFIS signals .After designing ANFIS based controller, the stability of the proposed system has been tested in both Time (Step response) and Frequency domains(Bode Diagram and Nichols chart). In our previous paper Step response analyzed and compared with other works. For frequency domain, all the possible frequency analysis methods have been tested but because of nonlinear properties of ANFIS, after linearization, just the Bode diagram achieved good results. The step response results in time domain is compared with previous work's results including optimum heart pulse rate for each particular patient. In frequency-domain the Bode diagram stability analysis showed Gain and phase margin as follows: GM (dB) = 42.1 and PM (deg) = 100
The differences effect between the frequency of drinking telang flower tea and erobic exercise on weight loss and cholesterol
Authors: Purnomo Eddy , Kurniawan Dennis Dwi , Rizkyanto Willy Ihsan
Published: April 2023

Obesity and cholesterol are very feared problems. In recent years, many people have tried to use alternative treatments by consuming ingredients from plants, one of which is telang flower tea (Clitoria ternatea). The purpose of this study was to test and determine the difference in the effect of the frequency of tea drinks (Clitoria ternatea) accompanied by aerobic exercise on weight loss (Body Mass Index) and cholesterol. Experimental research design with pre and post-test design methods. Group grouping using matching pairing and data collection took measurements of body mass index, and blood tests in the form of cholesterol tests. The study population was all Military National Indonesian members who had a BMI > 25. The data analysis technique uses a difference test of 2 paired groups to distinguish the pretest and posttest in each group, with a significance level of 5%. The results of the analysis showed that: 1) there was an effect of the frequency of drinking 2 times the tea accompanied by aerobic exercise on the decrease in Body Mass Index (BMI) and cholesterol, 2) There was an effect of the frequency of drinking 5 times the tea accompanied by aerobic exercise on the decrease in Body Mass Index (BMI) and cholesterol, 3) There was a difference in the effect of the frequency of drinking 2 times and 5 times the tea accompanied by aerobic exercise on reducing Body Mass Index (BMI) and cholesterol.
Novel Neurodigital Interface Reduces Motion Sickness in Virtual Reality
Authors: Dopsaj Milivoj , Tan Wilhelmina , Perovic Vladimir , Stajic Zoran , Milosavljevic Nemanja , Paessler Slobodan , Makishima Tomoko
Published: April 2023

Virtual reality (VR) is a computer-created 3D environment with a focus on realistic scenes and pictures created for entertainment, medical and/or educational and training purposes. One of the major side effects of VR immersion reported in the scientific literature, media and social media is Visually Induced Motion Sickness (VIMS), with clinical symptoms such as disorientation, nausea, and oculomotor discomfort. VIMS is mostly caused by the discrepancy between the visual and vestibular systems and can lead to dizziness, nausea, and disorientation. In this study, we present one potential solution to motion sickness in VR and demonstrate significant reduction of nausea in VR users with META Quest 2 headsets when using a whole-body controller to experience VR in a more comfortable and immersive way.
A 23-year-old man with acute myocardial infarction and pulmonary embolism for STAB2 gene mutation
Authors: Li Yihui , Fu Ru , Zeng Jianwei , Liu Tao , Li Ruixuan , Jiang Weihong , Li Xiaogang
Published: April 2023

Background
Thrombophilia is the tendency to thrombosis due to various acquired or genetic factors. Genetic thrombophilia refers to thromboembolism as a result of mutations in physiological anticoagulant or procoagulant genes, where persistent elevated factor VIII (FVIII) levels are also a common genetic factor in high thrombotic propensity. STAB2 variants can lead to increased plasma levels of the von Willebrand Factor (VWF) and/or its binding partner the coagulation cofactor factor FVIII. Nevertheless, venous thromboembolism has been the main clinical manifestation of STAB2 gene variants. In this paper, we report an interesting case in which a young armed police officer suffering from a STAB2 gene variant presented with acute myocardial infarction and pulmonary embolism.
Case presentation
A young armed police officer underwent emergency percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI) and his pulmonary image indicated pulmonary embolism. After thrombophilia testing, the diagnosis of arteriovenous thrombosis due to the STAB2 gene mutation and smoking was finally confirmed.
Conclusion
The STAB2 gene variant can manifest as venous and acute arterial thromboembolism. Young patients with unexplained arteriovenous thrombosis should undergo rigorous laboratory tests and related genetic screening of thrombophilia. While other arteriovenous thromboses should be excluded and antithrombotic therapy initiated promptly.
Factors associated with obtaining prescribed safer supply among people accessing harm reduction services: findings from a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Palis Heather , Haywood Beth , McDougall Jenny , Xavier Chloe , Desai Roshni , Tobias Samuel , Burgess Heather , Fergusson Max , Liu Lisa , Kinniburgh Brooke , Slaunwhite Amanda , Crabtree Alexis , Buxton Jane
Published: April 2023

19 transmission among people who use drugs, in March 2020, prescribed safer supply guidance was released in British Columbia. This study describes demographic and substance use characteristics associated with obtaining prescribed safer supply and examines the association between last six month harm reduction service access and obtaining prescribed safer supply.
Methods: Data come from the 2021 Harm Reduction Client Survey administered at 17 harm reduction sites across British Columbia. The sample included all who self-reported use of opioids, stimulants, or benzodiazepines in the prior 3 days (N=491), given active use of these drugs was a requirement for eligibility for prescribed safer supply. The dependent variable was obtaining a prescribed safer supply prescription (Yes vs. No). The primary independent variables were access to drug checking services, and access to overdose prevention services in the last six months (Yes vs. No). Descriptive statistics (Chi-square tests) were used to compare the characteristics of people who did and did not obtain a prescribed safer supply prescription. Multivariable logistic regression models were run to examine the association of drug checking services and overdose prevention services access with obtaining prescribed safer supply.
Results: A small proportion (n=81(16.5%)) of the sample obtained prescribed safer supply. After adjusting for gender, age, and urbanicity, people who reported drug checking services access in the last six months had 1.67 (95% CI: 1.00-2.79) times the odds of obtaining prescribed safer supply compared to people who had not contacted these services, and people who reported last six months overdose prevention services access had more than twice the odds (OR: 2.08 (95% CI: 1.20-3.60)) of prescribed safer supply access, compared to people who did not access these services.
Conclusions: Overall, the proportion of respondents who received prescribed safer supply was low, suggesting that this intervention is not reaching all those in need. Harm reduction services may serve as a point of contact for referral to prescribed safer supply. Additional outreach strategies and service models are needed to improve the accessibility of harm reduction services and of prescribed safer supply in British Columbia.
Prevalence and Characterization of Long Covid-19 Symptoms in Health Care Professionals- A Need of the Hour
Authors: Srin Mote , Mehreen Syeda Fakiha , Kumar Surya Prem , Pavani Sanka , Rani Vannavada Sudha , Reddy Palkonda Shashikala
Published: April 2023

Background: With the global advent of Covid-19, Healthcare workers (HCW) were under a lot of physical and psychological pressure. Information on persistent symptoms post Covid-19 Infection in HCWs is lacking.
Objectives: This Study is aimed at assessing the impact of the post Covid-19 syndrome in HCWs.
Materials and Methods: A Questionnaire was prepared as google form and shared with the HCWs through WhatsApp enquiring regarding the health conditions that are still persistent post recovery from Covid-19 infection.
Results: A total of 328 Health Care Professionals participated in the present survey (18-65 yrs). The gender distribution revealed 67.7% were females and 32.3% were males. 60.3% of the participants were infected with COVID-19 before taking the first dose of vaccination which is reduced to 17.5% after vaccination. The post COVID complications observed from the study were hair loss (35.4%), easy fatigability (25%), mood swings (22.9%), anxiety (18.8%), insomnia/sleeplessness (13.9%), depression (12.5%) and joint pains/arthritis (11.8%). The other complications observed were loss of taste (9%), lightheadedness/postural hypotension (8.3%), amnesia/loss of memory and anosmia/loss of smell (7.6%), gastritis (6.3%), palpitations, hypersomnia and pulmonary complications (5.6%) and chest pain (4.9%). Unpaired t-test and One-Way ANNOVA resulted in a significant value (p values of >0.05).
Discussion: Despite the fact that females experienced more post-Covid-19 symptoms (15 out of 17), males experienced more chest pain and anxiety symptoms. According to our findings, 57 of 100 Covid-19 health care workers have post-Covid complications. The participants presented with non-specific symptoms such as easy fatigability, mood swings, light headedness, anxiety but most of the participants quoted more specific symptoms such as depression, pulmonary complications, hair loss, joint pains, gastritis, chest pain, palpitations, loss of taste, amnesia, hyperglycemia, insomnia, hypersomnia and anosmia. However, non-specific symptoms such as fatigue, mood swings, lightheadedness, and anxiety were also mentioned. The symptoms of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome vary greatly. Early detection requires a unified definition of long COVID and characterization of its manifestation. Furthermore, more research should be conducted to identify risk factors and the precise mechanisms that lead to the development of long COVID syndrome. Such knowledge may aid future research aimed at preventing such a complication.
Tribological behavior of steel-based cold spray composite coatings
Authors: AUBANEL Laurent , DELLORO Francesco
Published: April 2023

This study investigates the microstructure, the mechanical properties, the topography and the tribological behavior of a composite cold spray coating, consisting in a 410L matrix and M2 tool steel reinforcements. The surface finish creates protuberances due to the presence of M2 particles. A lubricated reciprocating sliding test was performed for the composite and for other two coatings, for comparison. The analyses revealed the presence of a tribofilm, leading to low friction and negligible wear even in harsh conditions. This study opens the interest for surface textures with protuberances and the use of cold spray process to easily produce them.
Randomized Controlled Trial of All-inside and Standard Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction about Knee Laxity, Tunnel Widening and MRI-based Fluid Signal within Tunnel
Authors: Li Wei , Cui Lei , Jiang Changqing , Lin Rubing , Zhong Qiuwen , Wu Xiao , Huang Rong , Deng Qianhua
Published: April 2023

Purpose:This study focused on the characteristics of the functional, knee laxity, tunnel widening and tunnel fluid signal of all-inside and standard single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).Methods:This is a randomized controlled trial.From September 2018 to July 2019, 54 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to all-inside group (n=27) and standard group (n=27). Followed up at postoperative 3rd, 6th, and 12thmonth, the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Lysholm，and Tegner score were recorded. The tunnel widening and tunnel liquid signal were measured by CT and MRI. The knee laxity was assessed by GNRB arthrometer at postoperative 12thmonth.Results:The tibial tunnel widening at postoperative 3rd, 6th, and 12thmonth in all-inside group was significantly less than that in standard group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in femoral tunnel widening between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). At postoperative 3rdand 6thmonth the liquid signal in tibial tunnel between the 2 groups had no statistical difference. The VAS score in all-inside group was lower than the standard group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in Tegner, IKDC, and Lysholm score between the 2 groups. At postoperative 12thmonth the knee laxity in all-inside group was higher than the standard group (P < 0.05).Conclusions:All-inside single-bundle ACLR can slow down tunnel widening, relieve postoperative pain, and achieve same functional recovery compared with the standard single-bundle ACLR but the knee laxity was relatively higher. Both techniques have the same fluid signal in tibial tunnel in the early postoperative period.
mHealth in Physical Therapy Practice: What Consumers Want?
Authors: Oberoi Mugdha , Rathod Priyanshu
Published: April 2023

Purpose: Health-care delivery mode system has been evolving over the years. There has been an increase in adoption of mHealth technologies by health-care clients and providers. Physical Therapy and Society Summit (PASS) was sponsored by APTA in 2009. It envisioned current, evolving, and future health care needs that could be addressed by physical therapist. Recent COVID-19 pandemic has modified ways of working and addressing various needs for health care. This has led to adding finding new strategies to establish new normal of functioning. The focus should be on adding value-based practice with the consumers as key stakeholders. Thus, the authors aim to provide a literature review framework for mHealth in physical therapy practice and also understand consumer behavior and what are their wants from this emerging mode of health-care delivery. Methodology: Literature was assessed by comprehensive computerized search from January 2020 to July 2020 form multiple databases. In addition, to increase the search accuracy, reference lists of articles were also searched. Forty-six free; full-text articles, systematic reviews, RCT’s, health policy perspectives, global surveys, and guidelines were included for the literature review frame work. Consumer behavior and needs were assessed using a designed questionnaire through online survey sent through various social platforms. Conclusion: mHealth is a definite evolving change in physical therapy practice. Focus should be on Android-based application for a probable 85% target population. Self-assessments, treatment interventions, activity tracking, and report documentation are the key features consumers look for.
Integrative Management of a Case of Mild Head Injury with Small Hemorrhage in Brain – A Case Report
Authors: Kannan C. , Nirubanraj N.
Published: April 2023

Head injury is one of the common problems that we are facing from accidents. It can range from mild-to-severe head injuries, among which mild head injury is the most common one. In some cases of mild head injury, there can be an associated brain hemorrhage. In such cases, an integrated approach may benefit the patient. A 55-year-old male who had a mild traumatic head injury with a small hemorrhagic focus in the right parietal region of the brain detected with a CT scan was treated with homeopathic medicine, Arnica montana. Along with allopathic medicines, he was advised to take homeopathic medicine. In the next follow-up on repeating the CT scan, there was a disappearance of hemorrhagic foci. This is a case to support integrative approach treatment and is documented with evidence.
A Pilot Study to Introduce Mentoring to 1st-year Medical Students at a Private Medical College in Eastern India
Authors: Ganguly Avishek , Ghosh Anik , Das Subham , Sarkar Niloy , Ghose Gautam
Published: April 2023

Background: The stress of a difficult medical course, emotional immaturity, and acclimating to unfamiliar surroundings is all issues that new medical students encounter. As a result, a mentorship program was established to assist them in their academic and personal growth. Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this study is to introduce and assess mentors’ and mentees’ perspectives on mentorship programs. Materials and Methods: For First Professional students in the Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (M.B.B.S) degree, a mentorship program was created. To sensitize the professors, a 1-day session was held. Mentors were volunteered by 17 faculty members from diverse areas. Following the sensitization, 150 MBBS first professional students were randomly assigned to these faculty members. The mentor organized a regular visit with the mentees. A validated and semi-structured feedback questionnaire was used to assess mentors and mentees’ perceptions at the conclusion of the mentorship program. Students participated in a focus group discussion. Results: The feedback survey was completed by 114 students and 17 faculty members. This program was beneficial to the mentors’ self-improvement, teaching, and communication abilities. The majority of mentees reported that the program aided them emotionally and academically. It was an excellent technique to foster a positive student–teacher relationship. The mentorship program was well received by both mentors and mentees. Conclusion: Mentorship programs, which were recently implemented, aided in the overall growth of mentors and mentees. This program was highly well received by both mentors and mentees, who saw it as an effective intervention.
A study on level of adversity quotient of adolescents across age and gender
Authors: Singh Anshikha , Sharmila Khwairakpam , Agarwal Shalini , Prajapati Gayatri
Published: April 2023

Adversity Quotient (AQ) is one of the probable indicators of a person’s success in life. It is useful to predict attitude, mental stress, perseverance, longevity, learning, and response to changes in the environment. An AQ measures the ability of a person to deal with adversities in his or her life. This study assess the level of AQ of adolescents of Lucknow city. The study was conducted among 150 adolescents (10–19 years), out of which 79 were boys and 71 were girls. Adversity Response Profile by Paul Stoltz (2001) was used to assess the level of AQ of the respondents. Result reveals that a significant proportion (42.0%) of adolescents has a low level of AQ. At the same time, only 2% of them fall under the high AQ level. Further probing, the data reveal that, in the 10–14 years age group, significant proportion (47.1%) of respondents falls under a low level of AQ. At the same time, 2.3% of adolescents have above average level of AQ. The level of AQ in 15–19 years reveals that a major proportion (39.8%) of the respondents falls at low level of AQ, and 2.7% of them have a high AQ. The level of AQ of adolescents across gender showed that a major proportion (43.6%) of girls have a low AQ and 1.4% have a high AQ. Similarly, a major proportion (40.5%) of boys falls under the low level of AQ and 2.5% high level of AQ.
Challenges of Indian Pharmaceutical Industries to Meet World Requirement during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chandna Amit , Jain Sourabh , Vohra Samriti
Published: April 2023

The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a pandemic on March 11, 2020, after the outbreak that was first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019. The COVID-19 pandemic affected world economy including the pharmaceutical sector. The health crisis unleashed in the world because of this pandemic and the attempts of various countries and organizations in the world to contain it have also fuelled the greatest economic crisis in modern history. This study aims to access, analyze, and highlight opportunities and problems of the Indian pharmaceutical sector in the broader national health-care industry during the COVID-19 particularly for contract manufacturing The recent changes in the field, at the institutional and corporate levels, have placed India in the spotlight of the global pharmaceutical market, but several threats and weaknesses could limit this expansion. Descriptive and inferential analyses have been based on questionnaire, data extracted from authenticated data sources. Subsequently, a narrative strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis was performed based on the results of prior investigations and on qualitative data that were retrieved from a marketing intelligence examination to generate an overall scenario analysis. Indian pharmaceutical companies have faced several challenges on various fronts. In the home market, drug prices are controlled by the drug price control order; therefore, there is strong pressure on revenues and subsequently on costs. In the international market, threats derived from pharmaceutical multinational companies are emerging as tough obstacles to overcome. This study provides a global overview of the potential growth and development of the Indian pharmaceutical sector, comparing it with internal trends and external competition. The most relevant contribution of the research relies on the shift to innovative production that Indian companies must adopt (after years of focusing only on generic drugs), and in this vein, appropriate industrial marketing solutions are indispensable.
A Study on Major Issues Faced by the Consumers in Buying Organic Food Products in Salem District of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Kamatchi D.
Published: April 2023

The consumption of food pattern of consumer’s is changing rapidly due to rising awareness about health, higher disposable income and increasing number of modern retail outlets across the country are the major growth drivers for the organic food markets. A better quality and healthy lifestyle have become a kind of necessity to the current generation. Consumers are become more concerned about the food safety. They tend to consume foods that are nutritious, healthy, safety, and the environmental friendly. Organic products are grown under organic manure without the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The organic farming method works at grass root level preserving the reproductive and regenerative capacity of the soil, good plant nutrition, and sound soil management practices and produces healthy nutritious food rich in vitality which has resistance to diseases. The consumers also face some problems on buying organic food products. The study focuses on the major issue on buying organic food products.
The Basic Facts of Badminton Game: An Overview S. Sivamani1,
Authors: Sivamani S. , Kumar P. , Thilagam P. Kasthuri
Published: April 2023

Badminton is an individual and a team sport that consist of two or four people, respectively, with high intensity in a short-duration based on the tempo of the game. Badminton requires more technique, coordination among eye and hand, and general physical fitness. It is the most popular sport in the world. This study focuses on the Necessity of the game, the Psychological Needs of a player, Badminton Skills, and the Tactical of badminton. Tall and Lean Players with an athletic body will be able to cover that entires game with full capacity to play without fatigue. Players need to be very cautious which requires psychological training to control the game under high pressure from the opponents. Players have to be very quick in making decisions during competition. This review will help the future researcher to update and to cover the required data.
Pregnancy in COVID-19: Current Understanding and Knowledge Gaps
Authors: Deshpande Mugdha , Khadilkar Anuradha , Kajale Neha
Published: April 2023

Aim: This study aims to study the impact of COVID-19 on health of pregnant women and its effect on pregnancy outcomes. Methods: Electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct were searched for terms such as “COVID-19 and pregnancy,” “severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and pregnancy,” “COVID-19 and maternal outcomes,” “COVID-19 and neonatal outcomes” from December 2019 to June 2021. Discussion: Pregnancy-induced immunological susceptibility is responsible for COVID-19 infection. Risk of vertical transmission, even if it is low, still exists. Infected pregnant women are at a high risk of obstetric outcomes such as cesarean section, preterm delivery, stillbirth, neonatal deaths, and neonatal intensive care unit admissions. Mental health of pregnant women is greatly affected due to lockdown, burdened by shift in health care to accommodate for and treatment of infected populations, thereby inadvertently neglecting maternal health care. Recommendations are laid down by international and national agencies regarding screening, treatment, management, and monitoring strategies which are aimed at reducing maternal and neonatal adversity. Conclusion: Researchers all over the globe are in unchartered territory due to the novel nature of virus, thus establishment of causal relationships will take time. However, longitudinal prospective population-based studies should be planned to gain an understanding into the impact of virus on pregnant women.
Elemental and Phytochemical Variation among Healthy and Cracked Fruit of Punica granatum L. From Selected Areas of Kachchh Region, India
Authors: Mesurani Pooja , Ram Vijaykumar R.
Published: April 2023

Punica granatum L. also called Pomegranate is an commercially important fruit plant belonging to Punicaceae family. Cultivation for pomegranate in Kachchh district is increasing drastically but cracking of pomegranate is one of the serious problem that badly affects the production and quality of pomegranate and also economic loss to farmers. For this purpose, the study was conducted to identify elemental and phytochemicals variation in leaves among healthy and cracked fruit. Identification of elements in leaves was carried using scanning electron microscope (SEM) energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) technique while acetone extracts were used for phytochemical variation using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The result of the SEM-EDX analysis revealed that in cracked fruit deficiency of calcium, magnesium, cobalt, and tin and excess amount of chloride and potassium was found when compared with healthy fruit while lupeol acetate and sclareol phytochemical were observed in healthy fruit while cracked fruit showed its absence.
Development and Validation of Attitudes and Concerns toward COVID-19 Vaccination Scale
Authors: Shaikh Ezaz , Pratika Petare
Published: April 2023

Background: COVID-19 vaccines are one of the fastest developed vaccines to date. People have different views and opinions about it. A positive attitude can strengthen the vaccination program, whereas a negative attitude will be an obstacle for a healthy and safe nation. This study aimed at developing and validating the Attitudes and Concerns toward the COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: Initial draft of 48 items was developed based on literature review and interview of experts. After content validation with four experts and semantic validation with 20 respondents, 32 items were retained and administered to 607 Indian adults aged 18–60 years. Results: Data were analyzed by IBM-SPSS Version-23 with AMOS. Exploratory factor analysis supported the two-factor structure for the attitude toward COVID-19 vaccination and three factors structure for the concern domain. Cronbach alpha for “Vaccine Acceptance” and “Vaccine Hesitance” was.825 and.721. The reliability of religious concerns (α = 0.785), social concerns (α = 0.714), and health concern (α = 0.699) subscales was acceptable. The confirmatory factor analysis results verified two-factor model of attitude and three-factor model of concerns as the model indices were close to 1; RMSEA was 0.000 and PCLOSE values were 0.861 and 0.927, respectively, for Parts I and II. Conclusion: This is 12-item scale that measures vaccine acceptance, vaccine hesitance, religious concerns, social concerns, and health concerns related to COVID-19 vaccination.