bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance-Aware Green Algorithm for Clustering of Underwater Wireless Sensor Network Based on Optical Signal-to-Noise Ratio
Authors: Shelar Pooja Ashok , Mahalle Parikshit Narendra , Shinde Gitanjali Rahul , Bhapkar Haribhau Rambhau , Tefera Minyechil Alehegn
Published: August 2022

Underwater wireless sensor network (UWSN) has limited bandwidth, long propagation delays, and unrechargeable batteries, which forces the development of techniques minimizing the energy consumption of UWSNs. One solution is clustering that outperforms in terms of energy optimization and, in addition, can also provide scalability and data reliability. The development of clustering algorithms depends on UWSN architectures. In our case, we have proposed a hybrid UWSN network architecture named ACOP-UWSN (ACoustic OPtical Underwater Wireless Sensor Network), which aims for reliable data transmission at the fastest speed with higher data rates and minimized propagation delays. In ACOP-UWSN, optical sensors sense data, whereas acoustic sensors only relay data towards the surface buoy. Clustering of all these nodes may result in unnecessary wastage of the node’s energy and memory. Therefore, we undergo clustering of only optical sensors, as comparatively, sensing and processing of data consume maximum energy and memory than relaying data. In the proposed clustering algorithm, the criteria for cluster head selection are OSNR (optical signal-to-noise ratio) and residual energy. The mathematical derivation of OSNR for underwater wireless optical communication is a key part of the algorithm. The results achieved using the simulation tool show that our proposed OSNR-based energy efficient clustering algorithm (OECA) is efficient in terms of energy and as well data reliability as compared to state of art. The quantitative analysis of the results showed that the total energy consumed for the existing scheme is 450 J, which is more as compared to 400 J of OECA. Similarly, the residual energy of nodes using OECA is 1% greater than the existing scheme. To our knowledge, research on the clustering of optical sensors in UWSN is least available, and we are among the few to work on an OSNR-based clustering algorithm for underwater optical nodes.
Detection of Cardiovascular Disease Based on PPG Signals Using Machine Learning with Cloud Computing
Authors: Sadad Tariq , Bukhari Syed Ahmad Chan , Munir Asim , Ghani Anwar , El-Sherbeeny Ahmed M. , Rauf Hafiz Tayyab
Published: August 2022

Hypertension is the main cause of blood pressure (BP), which further causes various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The recent COVID-19 pandemic raised the burden on the healthcare system and also limits the resources to these patients only. The treatment of chronic patients, especially those who suffer from CVD, has fallen behind, resulting in increased deaths from CVD around the world. Regular monitoring of BP is crucial to prevent CVDs as it can be controlled and diagnosed through constant monitoring. To find an effective and convenient procedure for the early diagnosis of CVDs, photoplethysmography (PPG) is recognized as a low-cost technology. Through PPG technology, various cardiovascular parameters, including blood pressure, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, etc., are detected. Merging the healthcare domain with information technology (IT) is a demanding area to reduce the rehospitalization of CVD patients. In the proposed model, PPG signals from the Internet of things (IoT)-enabled wearable patient monitoring (WPM) devices are used to monitor the heart rate (HR), etc., of the patients remotely. This article investigates various machine learning techniques such as decision tree (DT), naïve Bayes (NB), and support vector machine (SVM) and the deep learning model one-dimensional convolutional neural network-long short-term memory (1D CNN-LSTM) to develop a system that assists physicians during continuous monitoring, which achieved an accuracy of 99.5% using PPG-BP data set. The proposed system provides cost-effective, efficient, and fully connected monitoring systems for cardiac patients.
Low-Dose CT Image Denoising Based on Improved DD-Net and Local Filtered Mechanism
Authors: Liu Hongen , Jin Xin , Liu Ling , Jin Xin
Published: August 2022

Low-dose CT (LDCT) images can reduce the radiation damage to the patients; however, the unavoidable information loss will influence the clinical diagnosis under low-dose conditions, such as noise, streak artifacts, and smooth details. LDCT image denoising is a significant topic in medical image processing to overcome the above deficits. This work proposes an improved DD-Net (DenseNet and deconvolution-based network) joint local filtered mechanism, the DD-Net is enhanced by introducing improved residual dense block to strengthen the feature representation ability, and the local filtered mechanism and gradient loss are also employed to effectively restore the subtle structures. First, the LDCT image is inputted into the network to obtain the denoised image. The original loss between the denoised image and normal-dose CT (NDCT) image is calculated, and the difference image between the NDCT image and the denoised image is obtained. Second, a mask image is generated by taking a threshold operation to the difference image, and the filtered LDCT and NDCT images are obtained by conducting an elementwise multiplication operation with LDCT and NDCT images using the mask image. Third, the filtered image is inputted into the network to obtain the filtered denoised image, and the correction loss is calculated. At last, the sum of original loss and correction loss of the improved DD-Net is used to optimize the network. Considering that it is insufficient to generate the edge information using the combination of mean square error (MSE) and multiscale structural similarity (MS-SSIM), we introduce the gradient loss that can calculate the loss of the high-frequency portion. The experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve better performance than conventional schemes and most neural networks. Our source code is made available at https://github.com/LHE-IT/Low-dose-CT-Image-Denoising/tree/main/Local Filtered Mechanism.
Case Report of a Triplet Pregnancy with Complete Hydatidiform Mole and Coexisting Twins
Authors: Thompson Marjorie H. , Miller Nathaniel R. , Haugan Shelby L. , Gordon Michael C.
Published: August 2022

Background. Triplet pregnancy with complete hydatidiform mole and coexisting twin fetuses is extremely rare with an unknown incidence. Case. Here, we present a case report of a pregnancy with twin fetuses and concurrent hydatidiform mole that resulted in the preterm delivery of one viable baby, the unfortunate intrauterine demise of the other twin, and successful treatment of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia in the postpartum period. Conclusion. This case highlights several important questions that arise for women who choose to carry a multiple gestation pregnancy with complete hydatidiform mole and describes complications that can occur. It is imperative to accurately assess risks and counsel individuals who elect to carry these pregnancies to provide the best possible outcomes.
Magnetic Tile Surface Defect Detection Methodology Based on Self-Attention and Self-Supervised Learning
Authors: Ling Xufeng , Wu Yapeng , Ali Rahman , Zhu Huaizhong
Published: August 2022

As the core component of permanent magnet motor, the magnetic tile defects seriously affect the quality of industrial motor. Automatic recognition of the surface defects of the magnetic tile is a difficult job since the patterns of the defects are complex and diverse. The existing defect recognition methods result in difficulty in practical application due to the complicated system structure and the low accuracy of the image segmentation and the target detection for the diversity of the defect patterns. A self-supervised learning (SSL) method, which benefits from its nonlinear feature extraction performance, is proposed in this study to improve the existing approaches. We proposed an efficient multihead self-attention method, which can automatically locate single or multiple defect areas of magnetic tile and extract features of the magnetic tile defects. We also designed an accurate full-connection classifier, which can accurately classify different defects of magnetic tile defects. A knowledge distillation process without labeling is proposed, which simplifies the self-supervised training process. The process of our method is as follows. A feature extraction model consists of standard vision transformer (ViT) backbone, which is trained by contrast learning without labeled dataset that is used to extract global and local features from the input magnetic tile images. Then, we use a full-connection neural network, which is trained by using labeled dataset to classify the known defect types. Finally, we combined the feature extraction model and defect classification model together to form a relatively simple integrated system. The public magnetic tile surface defect dataset, which holds 5 defect categories and 1 nondefect category, is used in the process of training, validating, and testing. We also use online data augmentation techs to increase training samples to make the model converge and achieve high classification accuracy. The experimental results show that the features extracted by the SSL method can get richer and more detailed features than the supervised learning model gets. The composite model reaches to a high testing accuracy of 98.3%, and gains relatively strong robustness and good generalization ability.
The New Definitions of Loss Function for the Model-Based Parameter Identification Method in Power Distribution Network
Authors: Li Bin , Hu Ke , Ma Jiayang , Xu Shihe , He Yuanwei , Jiao Hao , Chen Jinming
Published: August 2022

Accurate device parameters play critical roles in calculation and analysis of power distribution network (PDN). However, device parameters are always affected by the operating status and influenced by manual entry; besides, the distribution area of PDN is very wide with many points, which brings more challenges to PDN parameter identification. Most of the proposed algorithms recently assume that the parameters of PDN contribute in a nonlinear probability space and optimize parameters by the power flow model with a loss function. Although these algorithms can achieve satisfying results in PDN analysis, the relationship between the power flow model and loss functions remains unclear. In this paper, the outputs of the power flow model have been analyzed firstly by experimental data, which includes the head and end voltages, as well as active and reactive power on the low-voltage side. It is revealed that the loss functions used by current algorithms are not suitable and reasonable for power flow model in PDN calculation, which constitutes one of the main findings of this work. Subsequently, this work proposes four novel loss functions combined with genetic algorithm (GA) and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) to identify PDN parameters. Compared with the published algorithms, our experimental results show that the loss function defined in this paper can achieve better and more stable performance with about two times lower in MAE, RMSE, and RMPE evaluation functions to identify PDN parameters.
LTBP2 Knockdown Promotes Ferroptosis in Gastric Cancer Cells through p62‐Keap1‐Nrf2 Pathway
Authors: Wang TingAn , Zhou ZiHan , Wang ChunMiao , Qin YuZhou , Wu Liucheng , Hu BangLi , Jin QinWen , Wei WeiYuan , Huang MingWei
Published: August 2022

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies. Ferroptosis is a new type of peroxidation‐driven and iron‐dependent cell death. However, the biological functions and exact regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis in GC remain elusive. Here, we performed RNAi and gene transfection, cell viability assay, lipid peroxidation assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, glutathione assay, qRT‐PCR, Western blotting, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to study ferroptosis in gastric cancer. The results revealed that silencing latent transforming growth factor β binding proteins (LTBP2) can significantly inhibit GC cell proliferation and decrease cellular GSH levels, reduce GPX4 activity, and increase ROS generation and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, leading to ferroptosis in GC cells. In addition, we demonstrate that suppression of LTBP2 could regulate the p62‐Keap1‐Nrf2 pathway, thereby downregulating the GPX4 and xCT expression and upregulating the PTGS2 and 4HNE expression. Our findings described a new role of LTBP2 in regulating ferroptosis, which heralds the prospect of ferroptosis‐mediated cancer therapy.
Dynamic Web Page Graphic Design Method for Internet Big Data Information System
Authors: Tao Dan
Published: August 2022

With the rapid development of the Internet, the page design technology of PC search engine tends to be mature. The content displayed in front of users not only pays attention to the practicability of information, but also takes into account the beauty of page layout. However, the web page design of the Internet mobile terminal is slightly backward, so we study the multimodal method based on the feature of large data density to extract the text, and use the K-means clustering algorithm to classify and recognize the text. The results show that the comprehensive evaluation of the design search engine on multiple platforms is higher than 0.89; In fuzzy keyword retrieval, the average accuracy of dynamic k-value clustering algorithm is 87.5%, while the average accuracy of traditional K-means clustering algorithm is 78.5%. Finally, in terms of user evaluation, the satisfaction of search pages increased by 5%–10%. Experiments show that the optimized algorithm and page design not only improve the accuracy and applicability in function, but also optimize the layout of text and pictures on the page.
Design of Adaptive Iterative Reconstruction Method for Music Curriculum Integration and Reconstruction
Authors: Zou Hao , Xia Yu
Published: August 2022

Today, when music education generally attaches great importance to the construction of the subject curriculum, it is of practical significance to increase the research and implementation of curriculum integration and reconstruction. Curriculum integration and reconstruction not only provide a scientific concept guide for the formation of a good educational joint force in music education but also play an important role in the educational reform that focuses on human harmony and subsequent development. For the integration and reconstruction of music courses, this paper evaluates the teaching quality after integration and reconstruction through the neural network and then iterates the method of integration and reconstruction, so as to achieve the optimal effect. This paper introduces the development status of curriculum integration and reconstruction at home and abroad and provides a theoretical basis for the construction of the corresponding index system in the following sections. The related principles of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN) are introduced, and an education quality evaluation system for music courses is constructed. We constructed a custom data set and introduced the design ideas and the specific parameter settings of the CNN-GRNN model. In addition, the CNN-GRNN model and the CNN-BP (CNN backpropagation) model are compared and analyzed in terms of the quality assessment accuracy of music courses. The results show that the CNN-GRNN model proposed in this paper outperforms the other methods. The mean squared error (MSE) of the model using one-dimensional convolution is lower than that of the CNN-GRNN model using two-dimensional convolution. As compared to CNN-BP model, the CNN-GRNN model outputs results that are closer to the expert evaluation results and the error is small.
Quality Control and Traceability Framework of Electrochromic Materials Based on Block Chain from the Perspective of Practical Application
Authors: Wang Qiyuan , Li Jingzhi , Zheng Muhong , Ma Xie , Wang Bin
Published: August 2022

In recent years, the research on electrochemical devices, especially the promising electrochromic material, is gradually in a wide range of application. But there is few corresponding research about specific industrial manufacturing. The paper starts from the structure of small and medium-sized intelligent factories and designs a system framework optimized by blockchain technology. It connects the electrochromic material quality control module with the product traceability module through a blockchain-based server, which not only ensures the production quality but also effectively improves the product supply chain, which is significant for the development of the electrochromic field.
Analysis of Fast-Track Surgery with Pain Care on Postoperative Pain Improvement and Complication Prevention in Perioperative Spine Surgery Patients
Authors: Xie Guiyu , Liu Fan , Fan Li , Wen Yi
Published: August 2022

Objective. The study aimed to analyze the effect of fast-track surgery with pain care on the improvement of postoperative pain and the prevention of postoperative complications in perioperative spinal surgery patients. Methods. A total of 126 patients undergoing spinal surgery from January 2021 to September 2021 were chosen as the study population, and the patients were classified into the regular group, the FTS group, and the combined group by random grouping, with 42 cases in each group. Patients in the regular group used routine perioperative care in spine surgery, patients in the FTS group used the FTS care model, and patients in the combined group combined special pain care on the basis of the FTS group. We compared the numeric rating scale (NRS) and pain severity of patients in the three groups post-op, 30 min, 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, and 24 h after surgery; we compared the time to get out of bed, length of stay, and occurrence of postoperative adverse effects in the three groups, compared the incidence of complications in the three groups, and compared the satisfaction of care in the three groups. Results. The NRS scores at 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h post-op in the combined group and FTS group were lower than those in the regular group, and the NRS scores at 12 h and 24 h post-op in the combined group were lower than those in the FTS group (all

P
<
0.05

); the post-op bed activity time, post-op hospitalization time, post-op adverse reaction rate, and post-op complication rate in the combined group and FTS group were shorter or lower than those of the regular group. Nursing satisfaction was higher than that of the regular group, the post-op time to bed activity in the combined group was shorter than that of the FTS group, and nursing satisfaction was higher than that of the FTS group (all

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. The use of FTS with pain care interventions helps relieve postoperative pain in perioperative patients in spine surgery, reduce the incidence of post-op adverse effects and complications in patients, accelerate their postoperative recovery, and improve nursing satisfaction.
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Growth and Quality as Influenced by Inorganic Fertilizer Rates in Northwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Gelaye Yohannes , Alemayehu Melkamu , Ademe Dereje
Published: August 2022

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an important tuber crop that is highly affected by poor soil fertility and nutrient disparities. Nutrient depletion due to intensive monocropping and poor soil management practices is a serious problem in Ethiopia, including in northwestern areas. Therefore, an experiment was conducted in the East Gojjam zone of northwestern Ethiopia to evaluate the influence of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer rates on potato tuber production. Three phosphorus levels (0, 34.5, and 69 kg/ha−1) and four potassium levels (0, 100, 200, and 300 kg/ha−1) were set out in a factorial arrangement and replicated three times using a randomized complete block design. Data on growth and quality parameters, as well as plant tissue analysis results, were collected. According to the results, the main effects of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer rates statistically affected growth components. The combined effects of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers had a significant influence on quality components (tuber size distribution). Similarly, the interaction effects of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer rates gave the highest response in all nutrient use efficiency parameters. The combined application of 34.5 kg P2O5 and 200 kg K2O fertilizers resulted in the highest medium (28.32 ton/ha−1) and large-sized (20.0 ton/ha−1) tuber yields. The interaction effect of 34.5 kg P2O5 with 100 kg K2O ha−1 yielded the highest agronomic and recovery efficiency values. Hence, a combination of 34.5 kg P2O5 ha−1 and 200 kg K2O ha−1 fertilizer rates can be recommended for the optimal production of potato in the northwestern area.
Bilateral Optic Neuritis after COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination
Authors: Katayama Hiroyasu , Itoh Kaku , Hashimoto Masato
Published: August 2022

We report the case of a healthy man who was diagnosed with bilateral optic neuritis after COVID-19 vaccination. A 63-year-old man presented with acute painful blurred vision in his left eye and temporal pain. Eleven days before the appearance of his symptoms, he received the first dose of COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. On examination, his best corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in his right eye and counting fingers in the left eye. Funduscopic examination showed bilateral optic disc swelling, and postcontrast magnetic resonance imaging showed left optic nerve sheath enhancement, consistent with left optic perineuritis and right optic papillitis. After steroid pulse therapy, his visual function and headache showed significant improvement. A few cases of optic neuritis as a side effect of COVID-19 mRNA vaccination were reported. This report provides important information about side effects assumed to be related to the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine.
Associations of Urinary and Dietary Sodium-To-Potassium Ratios with Albuminuria in Community-Dwelling Japanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kabasawa Keiko , Takachi Ribeka , Nakamura Kazutoshi , Sawada Norie , Tsugane Shoichiro , Ito Yumi , Tanaka Junta , Narita Ichiei , Matsushita Kunihiro
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio is an indicator of dietary sodium intake and has been associated with reduced kidney function. However, less is known about its association with albuminuria, the other key component of chronic kidney disease, in the community-dwelling adult population. We examined the association of the spot urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio with albuminuria and compared spot urinary and dietary sodium-to-potassium ratios. Methods: We quantified the association of the urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio with albuminuria in 6,274 Japanese adults (aged 40–97 years; 50.9% women) based on spot urine samples. We performed linear and logistic regression modeling to account for potential confounders. Elevated albuminuria was defined as a spot urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) ≥30 mg/g. We secondarily evaluated the dietary sodium-to-potassium ratio based on a food-frequency questionnaire. Results: The median spot urinary and dietary sodium-to-potassium ratios were 2.70 (interquartile interval, 1.87–3.83) and 1.50 (1.21–1.84), respectively. The median ACR was 11.0 (6.0–24.0) mg/g. In a multivariable linear regression model, the spot urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio (per increment) was significantly associated with the natural logarithm of the ACR (regression coefficient, 0.023 [95% confidence interval {95% CI}, 0.007–0.038]). This result was consistent in a multivariable logistic regression model (adjusted odds ratio, 1.08 [95% CI: 1.04–1.12]). The corresponding estimates for the dietary sodium-to-potassium ratio were 0.139 (95% CI: 0.087–0.191) and 1.28 (95% CI: 1.14–1.45), respectively. Conclusions: Both spot urinary and dietary sodium-to-potassium ratios were associated with elevated albuminuria in community-dwelling Japanese adults. Our findings further support the potential usefulness of the spot urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio as an indicator of sodium intake and suggest a link between sodium intake and kidney damage.
Small mammals and microhabitat selection in forest fragments in the transition zone between Atlantic Forest and Pampa biome
Authors: Skupien Fabrício Luiz , Rodrigues Daniele Pereira , Sausen Jady de Oliveira , Gonçalves Gislene Lopes , Lima Daniela Oliveira de
Published: August 2022

Natural resources are depleted in fragmented landscapes that have their vegetation also altered. As a result, the microhabitat diversity and the composition and distribution of local species are affected. In this study, we evaluated the small mammals' community diversity, composition and microhabitat selection in two Atlantic Forest fragments, in an ecotone area with the Pampa biome, southern Brazil. We recorded five rodents (Akodon montensis, Oligoryzomys nigripes, Sooretamys angouya, Juliomys pictipes and the exotic Rattus rattus) and one marsupial (Didelphis albiventris). Both fragments were dominated by the generalist rodent A. montensis. Akodon montensis and O. nigripes showed similar habitat preferences: ground covered by rocks and higher values of vegetation obstruction. Sooretamys angouya preferred places with higher abundance of trees. Fruit availability was important for A. montensis and D. albiventris, highlighting the importance of this food resource for local wildlife, and the potential role of these species as seed predators and dispersers. Small species richness, the presence of an exotic species and high dominance level suggest that the study area is highly degraded.
Trame lyrique et surconscience politique dans la poésie afrodescendante: une lecture de "Voix nègres, voix rebelles, voix fraternelles", de Jean Métellus
Authors: Njoya Yaya Mountapmbeme Pemi
Published: August 2022

Le XXe siècle a été une période charnière des luttes d'émancipation du peuple africain et de ses diasporas disséminés à travers le monde. Des mouvements contre le racisme systémique aux États-Unis à la lutte contre l'Apartheid en Afrique du Sud, en passant par les revendications d'indépendance dans les anciennes colonies, les écrivains se sont retrouvés au premier plan pour porter le désir d’auto-détermination et de légitimation de l’Africain dans l’espace du monde. Ce contexte a permis l'érection dans l'espace dominant des voix subalternes qui font écho d'un contre discours de l'ordre établi. L’œuvre poétique de  Jean Métellus dans la lignée de la poésie africaine hagiographique pose la problématique de la célébration et de la sacralisation des héros/hérauts dans l’espace africain continental et diasporique. Elle fait assumer à la poésie une fonction sociale et politique au sens aristotélicien du terme. Ainsi, au-delà de l’art de la parole qu’est la poésie,  l’acte poétique devient, sous la plume du poète haïtien, un acte de résilience et d’agentivité. Dans cette réflexion, à travers la problématique de la célébration des figures héroïques dans l’espace géographique des Suds, rappelle la condition du sujet africain à des moments clés de l'histoire des luttes des peuples dominés en mettant en exergue les figures du militantisme panafricain. Cette réflexion s’inscrit dans l’approche phénoménologique de la littérature qui fait surgir le regard iconoclaste du poète sur le monde des divinités consacrées parfois par l’entremise du viol de l’imaginaire des peuples colonisés. Le développement s’est fait à partir des dimensions subjective,  et référentielle à travers une lecture décoloniale.
Exil, diaspora et migrations dans "En attendant la montée des eaux", de Maryse Condé
Authors: Berg Mathilde
Published: August 2022

Roman choral à l’intérieur duquel s’effectuent de nombreux allers-retours entre passé et présent, En attendant la montée des eaux de Maryse Condé raconte le destin de trois hommes – Babakar, Fouad et Movar – en errance, unis par une petite orpheline haïtienne qu’ils souhaitent ramener sur la terre de ses ancêtres. Dans ce roman, certains personnages émigrent d’Afrique pour la Guadeloupe puis Haïti, d’autres quittent Haïti pour la Guadeloupe et y retournent, en quête certes d’une vie meilleure, mais aussi pour fuir leur passé ou au contraire renouer avec leurs origines. L’écriture, la narration chorale et le propos tendent à construire un roman sur l’errance dans lequel se perdre signifie aussi chercher, et trouver.

Il s’agira dans cet article de démontrer que l’errance est nécessaire, dans le roman, à la découverte de l’identité et à la quête de soi. Nous analyserons pour ce faire l’errance à laquelle sont confrontés les personnages, et qui leur est intrinsèque, leur quête identitaire à la fois personnelle et collective et la désignation d’Haïti comme terre d’adoption et d’ancrage.
Entre a luz e a sombra: escrita difratada em Mr. Potter e See now then de Jamaica Kincaid
Authors: Walter Roland
Published: August 2022

Este artigo examina os romances Mr. Potter e See Now Then de Jamaica Kincaid pelo viés da teoria pós-colonial caribenha (Antonio Benítez-Rojo, Édouard Glissant, Wilson Harris, Patrick Chamoiseau, René Depestre). O objetivo é apresentar algumas ideias principais da teoria pós-colonial caribenha e analisar características decoloniais nos dois textos de Kincaid. As perguntas principais que guiam este ensaio são: como escreve Jamaica Kincais num contexto pós-/neocolonial? Como ela representa as personagens na interface colonialismo/colonialidade? Quais as características decoloniais da escrita difratada de Jamaica Kincaid?
Um espaço em foco: debate acerca dos estudos sobre a urbanização da Turdetânia
Authors: Silva Bruno dos Santos
Published: August 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o panorama da urbanização do sudoeste da Península Ibérica ao final do primeiro milênio a.C. Para isso, o texto partirá da leitura de um trecho da obra Geografia, de Estrabão, autor do século I a.C. Sua descrição da Turdetânia apresenta dois aspectos que suscitam importantes debates, dois dos quais serão apresentados neste artigo. O primeiro diz respeito à definição da Turdetânia como χώρα e sua tradução como “espaço”; o segundo, por sua vez, se refere à ideia de a Turdetânia conter um “incomparável número de cidades” e essa ser uma das suas principais qualidades. Nesse sentido, o artigo pretende voltar-se para a historiografia que estuda esse espaço e analisá-la sob esses prismas, tendo o processo de urbanização como fio condutor.
Feasibility of Blood Pressure Measurement With a Wearable (Watch‐Type) Monitor During Impending Syncopal Episodes
Authors: Groppelli Antonella , Rafanelli Martina , Testa Giuseppe Dario , Agusto Samuele , Rivasi Giulia , Ungar Andrea , Carbone Erika , Soranna Davide , Zambon Antonella , Brignole Michele , Parati Gianfranco
Published: August 2022

Background

We assessed the reliability and feasibility of blood pressure (BP) measurements by means of a new wearable watch‐type BP monitor (HeartGuide) in detecting episodes of hypotensive (pre)syncope induced by tilt table test.

Methods and Results

An intrapatient comparison between systolic BP (SBP) measured by means of the HeartGuide device and noninvasive finger beat‐to‐beat BP monitoring was undertaken both at baseline in supine position and repeatedly during tilt table test in patients evaluated for reflex syncope. Intrapatient fall of systolic BP from baseline was measured. Eighty‐one patients (mean age, 61±19 years; 46 women) were included. Overall, HeartGuide was able to yield BP values at the time of BP nadir in 58 (72%) patients (average HeartGuide SBP 102±18 mm Hg, versus finger SBP 101±19 mm Hg). Compared with baseline, the maximum SBP decrease was on average −28.5±27.8 and −30.3±33.9 mm Hg respectively (Lin's concordance correlation coefficient=0.78,
r
=0.79,
P
=0.001). In the subgroup of 38 patients with tilt table test induced (pre)syncope, the average HeartGuide SBP during symptoms was 97±16 mm Hg, and the finger SBP was 94±18 mm Hg. Compared with baseline, the maximum SBP decrease was on average −35.2±29.3 and −43.3±31.8 mm Hg, respectively (Lin's concordance correlation coefficient=0.83,
r
=0.87,
P
=0.001).

Conclusions

Our data indicate that the HeartGuide BP monitor can detect low BP during presyncope and that its measure of SBP change is consistent with that simultaneously obtained through continuous BP monitoring, despite some intrapatient variability. Thus, this device might be useful in determining the hypotensive nature of spontaneous (pre)syncopal symptoms, a possibility that should be verified by field studies.
International Environmental Law: of Sovereignty, Complexity, and Grotian Moments
Authors: Brunnée Jutta
Published: August 2022

The Grotian Moment concept provides a lens through which to reflect on the enduring hold of state sovereignty on international environmental law. The article traces the development of the field’s customary rule framework and canvasses efforts to push its conceptual boundaries beyond the inter-state paradigm. Given their dominant role in the field, the article then provides a brief overview of treaty-based approaches to the development of international environmental law. It focuses on the global response to the climate emergency, as illustrative of how international environmental law has evolved in response to the challenges posed by complex crises. The article concludes by suggesting that international environmental law is unlikely to see a Grotian Moment at the level of customary international law, but that it does hold potential for the new thinking and new approaches that could produce a ‘quasi’ Grotian Moment.
Hugo Grotius’s De iure belli ac pacis: a Report on the Worldwide Census of the First Edition (1625)
Authors: Corredera Edward Jones , Iurlaro Francesca , Muschel Lara , Somos Mark
Published: August 2022

This article provides new information on the publication history of the first edition of the text that, according to many scholars, laid the ground for the growth of international law: Hugo Grotius’s De iure belli ac pacis. Drawing on the preliminary findings of the Grotius Census Project at the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law, funded by the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft), the following pages shed light on the first three states of the typescript, the sources that Grotius had access to in France while drafting the book, and the early circulation of the 1625 edition, published by Nicolas Buon in Paris. The goal of this publication is to disseminate updated information on the printing history of this key text in the history of legal and political thought, and to invite readers to come forward with more information about the location of the remaining copies of the text, in order to advance our understanding of the rise of international law around the world.
Hugo Grotius’s De iure belli ac pacis: a Report on the Worldwide Census of the Third Edition (1631)
Authors: Corredera Edward Jones , Muschel Lara , Somos Mark
Published: August 2022

Hugo Grotius’s best-known work, De iure belli ac pacis, appeared in 1625 in Paris with the author’s approval. A second unauthorised version was published in 1626 in Frankfurt. In 1631 the Amsterdam publisher, Willem Janszoon Blaeu (1571–1638), issued the third edition, this one authorised by the author – and this edition featured nearly a thousand revisions by Grotius. The purpose of this report is to analyse the context behind the publication of this third edition and the copies’ provenance records. Using online and card catalogues, we have located 154 copies. We examined 52 copies in person, and another three fully digitised copies online. We hope that this research note on preliminary results will generate greater interest in this unduly neglected edition, and that readers will kindly bring further copies to our attention.
Emilia lateritica (Asteraceae), a new species from lateritic plateaus of Northern Kerala, India
Authors: PUNNAKOT BIJU  , ELAYANITHOTTATHIL JOSEPH JOSEKUTTY  , KARUVANKOODELU  SUBRAHMANYA PRASAD  , VENUGOPALAN NAIR SARADAMMA ANIL KUMAR  , JOMY AUGUSTINE
Published: August 2022

Emilia lateritica, a new species of Asteraceae from lateritic plateaus of Kasaragod District of Kerala, India, is described and illustrated. It is allied to E. sonchifolia and E. scabra. Notes on its phenology, distribution and conservation status are provided.
Didymoplexis gibbosa (Orchidaceae), a new mycoheterotrophic species from southern Vietnam
Authors: AVERYANOV LEONID V. , MAISAK TATIANA V. , LYSKOV DMITRY F. , KUZNETSOV ANDREY N. , KUZNETSOVA SVETLANA P. , NURALIEV MAXIM S.
Published: August 2022

The paper presents a description of a new species, Didymoplexis gibbosa (Gastrodiinae, Gastrodieae) discovered recently in southern Vietnam. This is the fifth species of the genus reported from Vietnam. The new species is most similar to the widely distributed D. pallens. Description of the discovered species is accompanied with data on ecology, phenology and distribution, estimated IUCN Red List status, studied specimens, brief taxonomic notes and illustrations.
Rosa tomurensis, a new species of Rosa (Rosaceae) from China
Authors: DENG TONG , LUO LE , YU CHAO , ZHANG QI-XIANG , LIU XUE-SEN , DENG ZE-YI
Published: August 2022

In this paper, a new species of the genus Rosa from China, Rosa tomurensis L. Luo, C. Yu & Q. X. Zhang, is described and illustrated. In the past, R. tomurensis was considered as a variety of Rosa laxa. After years of field investigation, introduction and cultivation, comparison and measurement of plant specimens, our research team found that R. tomurensis has stable characters, and its morphological characteristics, sporopollen, chromosome karyotype and genome are obviously different from R. laxa. Therefore, it is confirmed that R. tomurensis is an independent species in Rosa.
Metabolic Flow Analysis of Hydrogen Production from Glucose by Dark Fermentation Based on Stoichiometric and Thermodynamic Evaluation
Authors: Song Zhaoxia , Wang Yubo , Mu Hongyan
Published: August 2022

In batch tests, the biohydrogen yield from glucose declined gradually from 3.00 mol/mol to 2.00 mol/mol along with the substrate level increasing from 15 g/L to 60 g/L, respectively. The mechanism was revealed through stoichiometric and thermodynamic evaluation. In accordance with quantitative evaluation of the e−equivalent (e−-eq) balances, the decline of hydrogen yields generally accompanied with more e−-eq converting directly from acetate formation to butyrate and ethanol formation. Meanwhile, the acetate/butyrate ratio decreased from 2.1 to 0.6 with the increment of substrate concentration. Likewise, improved yield of the byproduct ethanol (from 0.16 mol/mol to 0.61 mol/mol) was obtained with the rising substrate concentration. It could be attributable to the decrease of Gibbs free energy from −3.9 KJ/e−-eq to −5.6 KJ/e−-eq, which indicated that the higher substrate concentration was more favorable for the fermentation.
Synthesis and Characterization of Bio-Based Poly(amide imide)s Derived from 11-Aminoundecanoic Acid and 1,10-Diaminodecane
Authors: Zhang Yingwei , Wang Chunhua , Yi Yong , Wang Wenzhi , Yang Jun , Lou Yibo , Li Jianlin
Published: August 2022

Three diimide diacid (DIDA) monomers possessing different rigid groups (phenyl, biphenyl and diphenyl ether group) between two imide rings were prepared through the dehydration cyclization reaction of 11-aminoundecanoic acid and aromatic dianhydride. These DIDA monomers were polymerized
with 1,10-diaminodecane to produce bio-based poly(amide imide)s (PAIs) by the ecofriendly and low-cost two-step polymerization method. All the PAIs have high thermal stabilities, and their initial thermal decomposition temperatures are above 400 °C at 5% weight loss. When the rigid group
between two imide rings is changed from phenyl to diphenyl ether group, the glass transition temperature of PAI shows a decreasing trend from 54.7 °C to 42.4 °C, the tensile strength also reduces from 62.4 MPa to 49.5 MPa, but elongation at break increases from 3.7% to 6.8%. Moreover,
the PAI with phenyl group between two imide rings is a semicrystalline polymer, while the PAI with biphenyl or diphenyl ether group is an amorphous polymer. It is a viable way to regulate the properties of PAIs by changing the structure of rigid group between two imide rings. Such bio-based
PAIs with high thermal stabilities, low glass transition temperatures and good mechanical strength will provide great promise for their wider applications.
Wide Horizontal Convective Rolls over Land
Authors: Stensrud David J. , Young George S. , Kumjian Matthew R.
Published: August 2022

Horizontal convective rolls (HCRs) with aspect ratios ≥ 5, called wide HCRs, are observed over land from WSR-88D radar reflectivity observations in clear air over central Oklahoma. Results indicate that wide HCRs are a natural part of the daily HCR life cycle, occurring most frequently from 1500 to 1700 UTC and from 2300 to 2400 UTC, with the HCRs having aspect ratios ∼ 3 during the rest of their lifetime. Wide HCRs are most likely to be observed from HCRs with lifetimes longer than 5 h. Results show that for HCRs lasting for more than 5 h, 12% have aspect ratios ≥ 5 during HCR formation, whereas 50% of have aspect ratios ≥ 5 at dissipation. An evaluation of radar observations from 50 cases of long-lived HCRs suggests the wide HCRs that occur in tandem with HCR formation early in the day develop in situ with a large aspect ratio. In contrast, the cases of wide HCRs that form late in the day most often appear to develop as specific HCR wavelengths are maintained while roll circulations with smaller wavelengths dissipate. These ephemeral wide HCRs over land deserve attention as the mechanisms leading to their formation are unclear.

Significance Statement

The atmospheric boundary layer extends from the ground up to a typical daytime height between 500 m and 3 km. Within this layer, the flow is often turbulent during the daytime, although there are common structures that help to organize the flow patterns. One of these structures is a field of horizontal counterrotating helical circulations, with parallel upwelling and downwelling zones. This study shows that the separation distance between these long parallel lines of upward and downward motion changes during the day and can be quite large when compared to the depth of the boundary layer, both early in the day and late in the day. Reasons for this behavior are unclear and deserve attention, as the boundary layer is where we spend our lives and has a large influence on our daily activities.
Treaty tantrums: Past, present and future of a business and human rights treaty
Authors: Deva Surya
Published: August 2022

This column analyses the current process in the UN Human Rights Council to negotiate an international legally binding instrument to regulate, in international human rights law, the activities of transnational corporations and other business enterprises. It does so in the context of two previous attempts at the UN level to adopt binding rules for (multinational) corporations and the continued inability of international soft standards as well as hard rules at the national level in States in ensuring that businesses take their human rights responsibilities seriously. It is argued that an international treaty is desirable as part of a regulatory ecosystem to promote respect of human rights by business enterprises and to strengthen corporate accountability for human rights abuses. While the treaty should build on and complement the existing international soft standards, it should also try to fill some of the regulatory gaps that these standards might not ever be able to fill.
Factors Enhancing Efficacy of B2C Sites in Online Virtual Environment: An Application of Conjoint Analysis
Authors: Kaur Balpreet , Sharma Rishi Raj
Published: August 2022

The present study investigates a list of technological and social proof attributes with corresponding features that may enhance a shopping site’s efficacy and reputation. A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain the information that confirms the best fit representing the consumer preference structure for the set of attributes associated with B2C sites. The conjoint analysis results indicate that the respondents accorded maximum importance to two attributes. These attributes include ‘website usability’ and user-generated content’ with corresponding features’ fast and accurate search capability’ and ‘review by a verified buyer,’ the best criterion for choosing a B2C website.
Predictors of post-stroke cognitive impairment using acute structural MRI neuroimaging: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ball Emily L , Shah Mahnoor , Ross Eilidh , Sutherland Rachel , Squires Charlotte , Mead Gillian E , Wardlaw Joanna M , Quinn Terence J , Religa Dorota , Lundström Erik , Cheyne Joshua , Shenkin Susan D
Published: August 2022

Background:

Stroke survivors are at an increased risk of developing post-stroke cognitive impairment and post-stroke dementia; those at risk could be identified by brain imaging routinely performed at stroke onset.

Aim:

This systematic review aimed to identify features which are associated with post-stroke cognitive impairment (including dementia) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed at stroke diagnosis.

Summary of review:

We searched the literature from inception to January 2022 and identified 10,284 records. We included studies that performed MRI at the time of stroke (0–30 days after a stroke) and assessed cognitive outcome at least 3 months after stroke. We synthesized findings from 26 papers, comprising 27 stroke-populations (N = 13,114, average age range = 40–80 years, 19–62% female). When data were available, we pooled unadjusted (ORu) and adjusted (ORa) odds ratios. We found associations between cognitive outcomes and presence of cerebral atrophy (three studies, N = 453, ORu = 2.48, 95% CI = 1.15–4.62), presence of microbleeds (two studies, N = 9151, ORa = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.08–1.70), and increasing severity of white matter hyperintensities (three studies, N = 704, ORa = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.06–1.49). Increasing cerebral small vessel disease score was associated with cognitive outcome following unadjusted analysis only (two studies, N = 499, ORu = 1.34, 95%CI = 1.12–1.61; three studies, N = 950, ORa = 1.23, 95% CI = 0.96–1.57). Associations remained after controlling for pre-stroke cognitive impairment. We did not find associations between other stroke features and cognitive outcome, or there were insufficient data.

Conclusion:

Acute stroke MRI features may enable healthcare professionals to identify patients at risk of post-stroke cognitive problems. However, there is still substantial uncertainty about the prognostic utility of acute MRI for this.