bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN PENDEKATAN REGIONALISME PADA FASAD BANGUNAN TERMINAL PENUMPANG BANDAR UDARA INTERNASIONAL LOMBOK
Authors: S. Hanum Aninditasari , Budiarti Ratih , Rosnarti Dwi
Published: January 2023

Bandar Udara Internasional Lombok sebagai salah satu gerbang utama wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat dan sebagai tempat perpindahan antarmoda yang menggantikan peran Bandara Selaparang. Pendekatan Arsitektur Regionalisme dapat berfungsi menyatukan elemen Arsitektur tradisional daerah tersebut dengan Arsitektur modern sehingga suatu bagunan dapat menjadi penanda sebuah tempat dikarenakan mempunyai identitas dan karakter budaya lokal. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian yaitu muncul gambar rancangan untuk memberikan identitas pada bangunan terminal penumpang Bandar Udara Internasional Lombok yang memiliki nilai – nilai budaya dan karakter Nusa Tenggara Barat pada fasad bangunan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif yaitu data diambil berdasarkan pada fenomena dan fakta yang ada. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk menimbulkan karakter dan identitas budaya pada bangunan dilakukan dengan melalui bukaan fasad bangunan, material fasad bangunan dan komponen fasad, serta bentuk atap bangunan.
EVALUASI DWELLING TIME DI TERMINAL PETI KEMAS PELABUHAN TANJUNG EMAS SEMARANG
Authors: Aliyu Sachra Hangga , Saputro Suwandi
Published: January 2023

Sejarah perkembangan dwelling time saat ini berkembang dengan pesat seiring desakan dari pemerintah yang berada di tingkat global, dimana Pelabuhan Tanjung Emas termasuk pelabuhan kelas 1. Oleh karena itu, dwelling time sangat mempengaruhi terhadap penumpukan peti kemas di Pelabuhan Tanjung Emas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan terminal peti kemas di Pelabuhan Tanjung Emas dalam melayani arus peti kemas, mengetahui penyebab tingginya angka dwelling time, dan mengetahui luas lapangan penumpukan peti kemas yang diperlukan untuk menumpuk sampai empat tumpukan peti kemas. Berdasarkan metode yang digunakan, didapatkan hasil evaluasi yaitu nilai BOR pada tahun 2019 sebesar 31,99% yang berarti masih mampu melayani arus kapal dan arus barang dengan baik. Sedangkan hasil evaluasi Dwelling Ttime (DT) masih memiliki angka yang tinggi karena disebabkan pada proses custom clearance mencapai 5 hari. Akibat tingginya angka dwelling time, maka diperlukan perluasan lapangan penumpukan sebesar 21.322 m2 atau 2,1 ha. Dari hasil perhitungan luas lapangan penumpukan yang sudah ada masih mencukupi untuk empat susun petikemas, tetapi memiliki nilai YOR mencapai 97,03% melebihi yang ditetapkan yaitu 65%.
PENERAPAN KONSEP ARSITEKTUR KONTEMPORER PADA SELUBUNG BANGUNAN KANTOR DI JAKARTA
Authors: Dharmawan Annisa Ayu Parameswari , Saladin Agus , J. Jimmy Siswanto
Published: January 2023

Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa selubung bangunan pada kantor di Jakarta yang merupakan Ibukota dengan tingkat ekonomi terbesar ke–10 di dunia yang menjadikannya sebagai pilihan banyak lembaga, perusahaan maupun investor dalam membangun kantor di Jakarta, Indonesia. Seiring dengan pertumbuhan bangunan kantor yang meningkat diperlukan adanya penggunaan konsep arsitektural yang berpengaruh dalam perancangan bangunan kantor. Dalam studi ini dilakukan metode komparasi dengan tiga bangunan kantor yang memiliki selubung bangunan dengan pendekatan arsitektur kontemporer. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa selubung bangunan yang merupakan focal point dalam suatu bangunan dengan menggunakan pendekatan arsitekur kontemporer dapat menciptakan bangunan yang masa kini, ekspresif, unik dan menampilkan sesuatu yang berbeda.
ANALISIS KEBISINGAN LALU LINTAS PADA PUSAT JANTUNG NASIONAL HARAPAN KITA
Authors: Intanhupostasis Satyaroong , Susilo Budi Hartanto
Published: January 2023

Pusat Jantung Nasional Harapan Kita adalah fasilitas sosial untuk masyarakat yang terletak di Jalan S. Parman. Penelitian ditujukan untuk mengetahui kebisingan yang terjadi pada area rumah sakit yang dilaksanakan pada hari kerja (Kamis). Didapatkan tingkat kebisingan yang terjadi dalam bangunan Pusat Jantung Nasional Harapan Kita sebesar 64,17 dB(A). Kebisingan ini melampaui batas yang ditentukan oleh KEP-48/MENLH/11/1996 dan Noise Level Criteria oleh U.S. E.P.A (55 dBA). Sumber bising terbesar adalah sepeda motor dengan kecepatan tinggi. Volume kendaraan tinggi dapat menurunkan kebisingan. Penyesuaian kebisingan perlu dilakukan sesuai dengan Pedoman Mitigasi dampak kebisingan akibat lalu lintas jalan oleh Kementerian PUPR.
EVALUASI PENGUJIAN GROUND ANCHOR BERDASARKAN SNI 8460:2017, BS 8081:1989, EN 1537:2013, DAN PTI DC35.1-14
Authors: Nugraha Rafi
Published: January 2023

Perkuatan dengan ground anchor dapat bekerja secara optimal, apabila dilakukan beberapa pengujian terlebih dahulu. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melakukan interpretasi hasil dari pengujian ground anchor berdasarkan SNI 8460:2017, BS 8081:1989, EN 1537:2013, dan PTI DC35.1-14 serta memberikan solusi terhadap hasil pengujian ground anchor. Pengujian ground anchor terbagi atas dua bagian yaitu pengujian material dan pengujian tarik angkur.  Material yang diuji pada ground anchor berupa strand dan grouting. Strand dilakukan uji tarik sedangkan grouting dilakukan uji tekan sama hal nya pada beton. Dalam pengujian angkur tanah tidak semuanya berhasil melainkan ada yang gagal. Angkur tanah dapat dikatakan gagal bila bond length angkur tercabut dan kriteria perpanjangan free length Angkur yang tidak sesuai dengan peraturan yang digunakan. Solusinya dengan mendesain ulang dengan memperpanjang bond lengthdanmemperbesar diameter lubang bor
ANALISIS KEMACETAN LALU LINTAS DI JALAN M.H. THAMRIN KOTA TANGERANG
Authors: Kusumawaty Desty , Susilo Budi Hartanto
Published: January 2023

Jalan M.H. Thamrin merupakan jalan arteri primer yang menghubungkan antara Kota Jakarta dengan Kota Tangerang Selatan via jalan tol. Identifikasi penyebab kemacetan lalu lintas yang terjadi di jalan M.H. Thamrin dilakukan dengan melakukan pengamatan langsung terhadap lokasi kemacetan, sehingga diperoleh data mengenai kondisi arus lalu lintas, hambatan yang terjadi, dan kepadatan lalu lintas pada jam sibuk pagi dan jam sibuk sore pada STA 0+900 s/d STA 1+200. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif, yaitu mengumpulkan data dengan melakukan beberapa survei di lokasi penelitian. Setelah itu, data dianalisis berdasarkan Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia (MKJI) Tahun 1997. Hasilnya, kemacetan lalu lintas yang terdapat di Jalan M.H. Thamrin terjadi akibat adanya penyempitan jalan, arus putar balik, banyaknya aktivitas pejalan kaki, dan banyaknya angkutan kota yang ngetem. Saat sore hari arus kendaraan di Jalan M.H. Thamrin mulai meningkat, sehingga membutuhkan solusi alternatif untuk mengurangi tingkat kemacetan yang terjadi. Pelebaran jalan dan pelarangan kendaraan khusus untuk melintas diharapkan dapat mengurangi tingkat kemacetan yang terjadi.
Retirees Mental Health: Are There Risky Behaviors Used to Cope with the Retirement Transitions?
Authors: Díaz-Valdés Antonia
Published: January 2023

The aging process has imposed several challenges to Social Security and Health Care Systems, as the proportion of older adults has increased over the last decades, and will continue to increase in the following years [1,2]. In the U.S. people aged 65 and older was nearly 17% by 2020, and it is expected to rise to 22% by 2050 [1]. However, increased life expectancy dos not necessarily translate into healthy and log lives. Estimates from the World Health Organization [3] show that on average people live 14% of their life with some disability in 2019 – in the U.S. people live on average 16% of their lives with some disability. Ensuring healthier lives is key to promote the society wellbeing and to reduce health care cost.
In Silico Prediction of Biomarkers from Amaranthus tricolor (L) Targeted against HIV-1 Protease
Authors: Sowjanya Pulipati , Srinivasa Babu Puttagunta
Published: January 2023

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is caused by a retrovirus human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Resistance to antiviral drugs is alarming in antiretroviral therapy and medical management of HIV-infected patients. Thus, identifying novel antiviral drugs is critical and medicinal plants are an excellent source for such discoveries. The current study aimed to isolate and characterize the chemical constituents from leaves of Amaranthus tricolor (L) and to discover novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors. Amaranthus tricolor methanolic extract (ATME) was fractionated into chloroform and aqueous phases. The chloroform fraction was separated by column chromatography using mobile phase n-hexane: ethyl acetate (6:4 v/v). Among various fractions, SOWIS-III was purified and studied for structural interpretation. The compounds were docked with HIV-1 protease as a drug target. The structural interpretation of the SOWIS-III fraction was identified as flavanol glycoside 24-methylene cycloartanol and SOWIS-P as a gallic acid derivative methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate. The docking studies of 24-Methylenecycloartanol and HIV-1 protease showed 10 amino acid interactions with the estimated free energy of binding of -10.14 kcal/mol and the antiviral activity depicted as 36.88 nM. Methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate and HIV-1 protease show five amino acid interactions with the estimated free energy of binding of -5.03 kcal/mol with 205.24 μM estimated antiviral activity. Hence, 24-methylene cycloartanol and methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate can serve as drug candidates for HIV.
In vitro antioxidant activities and molecular docking of Cassia auriculata medicinal plant
Authors: Chanderraj Pradeep , Sundaram Lalitha
Published: January 2023

In global health statistics, cancer and inflammatory diseases are on the upswing and are among the leading causes of death. Such health issues have emerged as a major national health concern across the globe. As a result, this research looked at the use of medicinal plants in the having antioxidant and docking analysis. The objective of this network pharmacology study is to identify the possible targets and mechanisms of action for the bioactive constituents in Cassia auriculata. Data from present results revealed that Cassia auriculata acts as an antioxidant agent due to its free radical scavenging and molecular docking. All the results of the in vitro antioxidant assays revealed antioxidant and free radical scavenging potential of leaf extract compared with standard antioxidants SOD. This antioxidant activity may be endorsed to its high phenolic contents. Thus, our findings provide evidence that Cassia auriculata is a potential source of natural antioxidants. The intermolecular interactions and binding energies of the compounds containing 1U6D bioactive compounds showed significant interactions with active site residues.
Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Aspergillus tamarii FNCC 6151 to enhance Alpha-Amylase and Glucoamylase Production
Authors: Safitri Ika Octariyani , Megasari Kartini , . Sardjono , Widada Jaka , Cahyanto Muhammad Nur
Published: January 2023

Molds can carry out amylase production, but the production of the enzyme is affected by a carbon catabolite repression system, thus reducing amylase production. This study aimed to increase amylase production in Aspergillus tamarii FNCC 6151 with irradiation by gamma rays. Spore suspensions were irradiated at 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 Gy and the survival of the spores was determined. The spore suspension irradiated at 400 Gy was diluted and grown on medium plates containing starch as a carbon source and 2% glucose as a repressor. After staining with iodine, colonies showing clear zones around them were purified and grown in liquid media for four days and their alpha-amylase and glucoamylase activities were analyzed. The mutant Mut1 showed a clear zone. This mutant produced 1.127 U/mL of alpha-amylase and 0.011 U/mL of glucoamylase. Meanwhile, the parental strain produced 0.68 U/mL of alpha-amylase and 0.079 U/mL of glucoamylase. The random mutagenesis using gamma-ray into A. tamarii FNCC 6151 increased alpha-amylase and glucoamylase production by 1.8- and 1.4-fold respectively.
Comprehending Adult Zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model organism for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Vitchanthangal Prathivathibayankaram Shreenidhi , Vaidyanathan Lalitha
Published: January 2023

The classical hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease are the senile plaques of Amyloid β and neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated tau. The pathophysiology of AD includes changes in the levels of neurotransmitters such as GABA, serotonin, glutamate, acetylcholine etc. and neuroinflammation corresponding to microglial activation, eventually leading to neuronal cell death. Mitochondrial dysfunctions in terms of impaired cellular energy, defective axonal transport, mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and calcium dysregulation, are linked to the pathogenesis of AD. The adult Zebrafish can be utilised as an effective model to study AD due to its behavioural patterns, easy manipulation and sensitivity to neurotropic drugs. This facilitates the establishment of behavioural, neuropharmacological or transgenic models of AD in Zebrafish. Combining various methods of AD induction in adult Zebrafish may render a holistic model expressing the characteristic features to study the pathogenesis and utilise the in vivo model for drug screening.
Batch growth studies of industrially important fungal strains under pure sugar treatment
Authors: Verma Nitin , Kumar Vivek
Published: January 2023

The genus Trichoderma, Aspergillus and Neurospora are the most important filamentous fungal genera widely used in the fermentation industry. In fungal system, it is very difficult to measure the growth due to their filamentous and non homogeneous nature. In the present comparative studies, we are trying to measure the growth rate of fungal system by investigating cell biomass in terms of cell dry weight (g/L). Batch experiments were executed with dextrose, xylose, maltose, sucrose and lactose based medium respectively at 300C and 180 rpm. All of the strains are intensely involved in liquid waste management through biosorption and biodegradation process as well. Ultimately, these organisms have a high industrial and environmental interest, hence it is necessary to study the growth rate and pattern of these organisms under varying sugar sources for their extensively industrial uses.
In vitro and in silico studies on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of Piperine extracted from Piper nigrum
Authors: Ashwin Raj S. , Karthikeyan R. , Moni Philip Jacob K. , Yukeswaran L.
Published: January 2023

Medicinal plants are known to host many bioactive compounds beneficial for humankind. Antioxidants are an important class of compounds that prevents the generation of reactive oxygen species, thereby preventing the aging and premature death of the cells. Inflammation is a natural body’s response to fight against invading pathogens. Even though it helps protect our body, too much inflammation is undesirable. There is a quest for new molecules with minimal side effects. Our current study explored piperine's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential extracted from the pepper. Initially, piperine was extracted from pepper plants using different solvents and ethanolic extract showed a positive result for piperine. Piperine was quantified and estimated to be 1.207 mg/mL. 10 mg/mL piperine showed anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties compared to diclofenac sodium and ascorbic acid used as standards. These results corroborated with the docking studies. The antioxidant property was evaluated using Cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9 (Cytochrome P450 CYP2C9) and Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD(P)H) Oxidase. Piperine was bound to Cytochrome P450 CYP2C9 and NAD(P)H Oxidase enzyme with a binding energy of -7.9 kcal/mol and -6.2 kcal/mol respectively. The anti-inflammatory property was evaluated using Cyclooxygenase -2 (COX-2) enzyme. Piperine was bound to the COX-2 enzyme with a -6.2kcal/mol binding energy. We observed that piperine has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Size and Composition Dependent Electronic, Structural and Optical Properties of Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Nanoflakes
Authors: Rout Paresh , Balaji Vignesh , Benno Nesta , Tomar Shalini , Srinivasan Varadharajan
Published: January 2023

Nanoparticles and nanostructures of two-dimensional semiconductors are being explored for their potential in photocatalysis, opto-electronics, and energy harvesting applications. Herein, we investigate the size and compo- sition dependence of electronic, structural, and optical properties of triangular transition metal dichalcogenide (MX2, M=Mo, W and X=S, Se, Te) nanoflakes. Structural optimizations reveal that, while all flakes undergo dimerization of X atoms along each edge, in large WS2 flakes the edge S form trimers. All flakes are found to be metallic with dominant contributions to the conducting states from the edges. Our time-dependent density functional theory-based calculations find both surface (2D) and edge (1D) plasmonic exictations at low ener- gies in all small flakes. However, only Se containing flakes are found to support edge plasmons at all sizes. The corresponding plasmon peaks exhibit a red-shift with flake size as expected from quantum confinement effects. Supported by induced charge-density and potential analyses, transition contribution maps as well as trends in generalized plasmonicity indices of the excitations, these findings assume significance given the role of plasmonic nanostructures in the aforementioned applications.
Experimental and Theoretical Insights into Bienzymatic Cascade for Mediatorless Bioelectrochemical Ethanol Oxidation with Alcohol and Aldehyde Dehydrogenases
Authors: Adachi Taiki , Miyata Tomoko , Makino Fumiaki , Tanaka Hideaki , Namba Keiichi , Kano Kenji , Sowa Keisei , Kitazumi Yuki , Shirai Osamu
Published: January 2023

The efficient utilization of biomass fuels is a critical component of a sustainable energy economy. Via respiration, acetic acid bacteria can oxidize biomass ethanol into acetic acid using membrane-bound alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases (ADH and AlDH, respectively). Focusing on the ability of these enzymes to interact directly and electrically with electrode materials, we constructed a mediatorless bioanode for ethanol oxidation based on a direct electron transfer (DET)-type bienzymatic cascade by ADH and AlDH. The three-dimensional structural data of ADH and AlDH elucidated by cryo-electron microscopy were valuable for effectively designing electrode platforms with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and pyrene derivatives. DET-type bioelectrocatalysis by ADH and AlDH was improved by using 1-pyrene carboxylic acid-functionalized MWCNT. The catalytic current densities for bienzymatic ethanol oxidation were recorded at the bioanodes modified by various ADH/AlDH ratios. The reaction model was constructed by focusing on the competitive ad-sorption of two enzymes on the electrode surface and the collection efficiency of the intermediately produced acetaldehyde. The power output of an ethanol/air biofuel cell using the bienzymatic bioanode reached 0.48 ± 0.01 mW cm–2, which is the highest value reported for ethanol biofuel cells. In addition, the Faraday efficiency of acetate production by the cell reached 100 ± 4%. This study will lead to efficient conversion of biomass fuels based on a multi-catalytic cascade system.
Optical binding-driven micropatterning and photo-sculpting with silver nanorods
Authors: Gonzalez-Garcia M. Carmen , Garcia-Fernandez Emilio , Hueso Jose L. , Paulo Pedro M. R. , Orte Angel
Published: January 2023

Controlling the nano- and micropatterning of metal structures is an important requirement for various technological applications in photonics and biosensing. We present a method for controllably creating silver micropatterns by laser-induced photo-sculpting. The photo-sculpting is driven by plasmonic interactions between the pulsed laser radiation and the silver nanorods (AgNRs) in aqueous suspension; this process leads to optical binding forces transporting the AgNRs in the surroundings, while the electronic thermalization results in the photo-oxidation, melting, and ripening of the AgNRs into well-defined 3D structures. We called these structures Airy castles due to their structural similarity with a diffraction-limited Airy disk. The photo-sculpted Airy castles contain emissive Ag nanoclusters, allowing for the visualization and examination of the aggregation process using luminescence microscopy. We comprehensively examine the factors that define the photo-sculpting process, namely, the concentration and shape of the AgNRs, as well as the energy, power and repetition rate of the laser. Finally, we investigate the potential applications by measuring the metal-enhanced luminescence of a europium-based luminophore using the Airy castles.
Self-sufficient seismic boxes for monitoring glacier seismology
Authors: Nap Ana , Walter Fabian , Lüthi Martin , Wehrlé Adrien
Published: January 2023

Glacier seismology is a valuable tool for investigating ice flow dynamics, but sufficient data acquisition in remote and exposed glaciated terrain remains challenging. For data acquisition on a highly crevassed and remote outlet glacier in Greenland we developed self-sufficient and easily deployable seismic stations, "SG-boxes". The SG-boxes contain their own power supply via solar panel, a three-component omni-directional geophone and a GNSS receiver. The SG-boxes can be deployed and retrieved from a hovering helicopter, allowing for deployment in difficult terrain. To assess their performance we conducted a field test comparing the SG-boxes to established on-ice geophone installations at Gornergletscher in Switzerland. Moreover, data from a first SG-box deployment in Greenland were analyzed. The SG-boxes exhibit consistently higher noise levels relative to colocated conventional geophones and a correlation between noise levels, wind and air temperature is found. Despite their noise susceptibility, the SG-boxes detected a total of 13,114 Gornergletscher icequakes over 10 days, which is 30% of the total number of icequakes detected by conventional geophone stations. Hence, even in sub-optimal weather conditions and without additional noise reduction measures, the SG-boxes can provide unique and valuable data from challenging glaciated terrain where no conventional seismic installations are possible.
The Addition of Red Dragon Fruit and Lemon Peels for the Improvement of Fermented Beverage Products
Authors: Nabila Sofi , Srihardyastutie Arie , Prasetyawan Sasangka , Aulanni’am Aulanni’am , Retnowati Rurini
Published: January 2023

Coconut water is part of the coconut fruit, that has bioactive compounds that are thought to own high inhibitor activity to the presence of tannin compounds. However, this compound is antinutritional because it can interfere with macromolecule out there within the body. Considering chance of tannins, these parts are often reduced by fermentation techniques using lactic acid bacteria. This analysis aims to review the addition of dragon fruit and lemon peels in fermentation coconut water using lactic acid bacteria in order to reduce tannin levels and its potential capability as antioxidants. Coconut water fermented drink was prepared by fermentation technique using lactic acid bacteria with the addition of variations in mass of dragon fruit peel and lemon peel consisting of 5 treatments. The optimum conditions for fermentation of coconut water were determined from the decrease in tannin levels, total acid, and the highest total lactic acid bacteria. The optimum conditions for fermentation of coconut water were then tested using an HPLC instrument. Finally, the antioxidantactivity was tested using the FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) method. The results showed that the addition of dragon fruit and lemon peels in fermented coconut water can reduce tannin levels, can increase total acid levels and the number of lactic acid bacteria formed in coconut water fermented drinks. The best proportion was obtained in the treatment of rasio of mass 1:2 resulted in the highest decrease in tannin content of 83.94 mg/100 g followed by a total acid value of 1.13% and the number of lactic acid bacteria was 8.4 × 107 CFU/mL. The HPLC chromatogram showed that fermented coconut water using lactic acid bacteria contained organic acid compounds such as lactic acid, acetic acid, and ascorbic acid. The highest antioxidant activity test was 82.37 mmgAAE/g. This study confirmed that the addition of dragon fruit and lemon peels affected the degradation of tannins and increased antioxidant activity during coconut water fermentation using lactic acid bacteria.
Tablet Formulation with Galactomannan Binding Agent and Acute Toxicity Test from Terminalia catappa L.
Authors: Zebua Nilsya Febrika , Alexandro Tandra , Pratiwi Virda Widya , Nadia Syarifah , Hidayat Supran , Fujiko Muflihah , Saputri Muharni , Bakri Tedy Kurniawan , Nerdy Nerdy
Published: January 2023

Ketapang is one of the many medicinal plant species that grow in Indonesia and is used to treat various diseases. Ketapang leaves contain flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and terpenoids that have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, and antimicrobial properties. This study aimed to determine the LD50 and histopathology of Liver and kidney damage before the formulation of tablets containing galactomannan-binding agents. The toxicity determination method was carried out in vivo in experimental animals at doses of 4g/kg BW, 8g/kg BW and 16g/kg BW, and Liver and kidney histopathology was carried out before formulation into tablet preparations using the wet granulation method with various concentrations of binders and disintegrants, namely F1(8:0), F2(0:8), F3(4:4), F4(2:6), and F5(6:2). The results of the toxicity test showed an LD50 of 15.9959, liver damage at a dose of 4 g/kg BW hepatocyte karyorrhexis cells, central vein constriction, sinusoidal dilatation, a dose of 8 g/kg BW hepatocyte karyorrhexis, significant venous congestion, sinusoidal dilatation, a dose of 16 g/kg BW hepatocyte cells, karyolysis, dilated central veins, and dilated sinusoids. The results of the tablet mass preformulation test meet the requirements: the flow time test was 1.48-2.14 g/second, the angle of repose test was 24.60°-30.60°, and the tab index test was 5.33%-9.33%. The results of the tablet evaluation test were as follows: the tablet hardness test was 3.8-8.6 kg, the tablet friability test was 0.167-0.64%, and the tablet disintegration time test was 29.06-107.51 minutes.
Analysis Multivariate Time Series Using State Space Model for Forecasting Inflation in Some Sectors of Economy in Indonesia
Authors: Russel Edwin , Wamiliana Wamiliana , Warsono Warsono , Nairobi Nairobi , Usman Mustofa , Elfaki Faiz AM
Published: January 2023

Many analytical methods can be utilized for multivariate time series modeling. One of the analytical models for modeling time series data with multiple variables is the State Space Model. The data to be analyzed in this study is inflation data from expenditure groups such as processed foods, beverages, cigarettes, and tobacco; and housing inflation for water, electricity, gas, and fuel from January 2001 to December 2021. The aim is to determine the best State Space Model that fits the data for forecasting. In this study, the State Space method will be utilized further with multivariate time series data and represent State Space in Vector Autoregressive (VAR) to determine the relationship between groups of observed variables.
Enhanced Effectiveness on Phenol Removal by MgCr-LDH/Microcrystalline Cellulose Composite and Regeneration Study with Green Desorption Reagent
Authors: Yuliasari Nova , Wijaya Alfan , Mohadi Risfidian , Lesbani Aldes
Published: January 2023

Modified MgCr-LDH with microcrystalline cellulose (MgCr/MCC) was successfully prepared by the coprecipitation method and characterized using XRD, FT-IR, and BET analyses. MgCr/MCC showed an increase in surface area from 21.51 to 26.056 m2/g. The material was tested as an adsorbent for the removal of phenol. MgCr/MCC showed an increase in adsorption capacity from the initial material of 24.631 to 58.480 mg/g. The optimum pH was at pH 9 and the adsorption process’s equilibrium time is 70 minutes. The correlation coefficients on the kinetics and isotherm parameters show that phenol removal follows the pseudo second order (PSO) and Langmuir models with spontaneous and endothermic adsorption processes. The regeneration ability of MgCr/MCC material using the water-assisted ultrasonic system as a green desorption reagent was 3 cycles with a percent regeneration efficiency of 39.45%.
Electrochemical Performance of Galvanic Cell with Silver Coated Cathode in One Compartment System Using Seawater as Electrolyte
Authors: Pauzi Gurum Ahmad , Samosir Ahmad Saudi , Sulistiyanti Sri Ratna , Simanjuntak Wasinton
Published: January 2023

This research was carried out to evaluate the electrochemical performance of a galvanic cell using seawater as an electrolyte. The cell was designed to have a volume of 200 mL and equipped with Zn as an anode and Ag-coated Cu as a cathode (Cu(Ag)-Zn system) in order to suppress the corrosion of Cu. As a comparison, the same experiment with the use of uncoated Cu as a cathode (Cu-Zn system) was also conducted. To conduct the experiment, a system was assembled by connecting 20 cells in series and placed in a closed container filled with seawater. The experiment was run for 72 hours, divided into three 24-hour cycles, by replacing the seawater every 24 hours. The performance of the system was evaluated in terms of open circuit voltage, close circuit voltage, current, light intensity, internal resistance, and power. The experimental results show that the corrosion rate of Cu coated with silver was smaller than that of uncoated Cu. Compared to the performance of the Cu-Zn system, it was also found that the Cu(Ag)-Zn system produced higher power and light intensity, which is in accordance with its smaller internal resistance. The overall experimental results indicate better performance of Cu(Ag)-Zn system and this better performance is attributed to the significantly lower corrosion rate of Cu(Ag) cathode which signifies the role of Ag layer to protect the Cu from attack by seawater. As a result, the Cu(Ag)-Zn system maintained the cathode corrosion rate with a ratio of 0.19. The percentage decrease of the OCV of the Cu(Ag)-Zn system was 6.14%, the CCV on the third day was 0.99%, the current was 36.68%, and the power was 37.83%.
Improving the Characteristics of Edible Film Using Modified Cassava Starch Over Ethanol Precipitation
Authors: Nazarudin Nazarudin , Ulyarti Ulyarti , Pratama Indra Agung , Yuwono Suripto Dwi
Published: January 2023

Cassava starch has been widely explored as film forming material, however its hydrophilicity restricts its application. Hydrophobic material such as modified starch can be used in the film elaboration to improve its quality. This study aims to examine the effect of modified cassava starch concentration on the physical, barrier, and mechanical properties of edible films. A completely randomized design was used with 5 concentrations of modified starch at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% and 4 repetitions to obtain a total of 20 experimental combinations. The ANOVA showed that the modified starch concentration affected the compressive strength, thickness, transparency, and solubility of the edible film, but has no effect on its water vapor transmission rate (WVTR). Usage of 20% modified starch gave the product with the best characteristics at 0.22 mm thickness, 89.45 N/m2 strength, 6.484%/mm transparency, 52.19% solubility, and 21.00 g/m2.hour WVTR.
Chitosan–Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Cryogel for Glucose Biosensor Development
Authors: Fatoni Amin , Hidayah Vonia Febriana , Suyata Suyata , Diastuti Hartiwi , Anggraeni Mekar Dwi
Published: January 2023

Chitosan was widely used as a supporting material for enzyme immobilization. However, the non-conductive properties of chitosan could be a severe problem in the application of biosensors with electrochemical detection. This research aimed to modify the chitosan cryogel with Fe3O4 nanoparticles for glucose biosensor application. The glucose biosensor used glucose oxidase enzyme as biological sensing element which was immobilized on the working electrode of electrochemical detection. Chitosan-Fe3O4 composite cryogel was used as supporting material for glucose oxidase immobilization. The detection optimization was also performed by varying the operating conditions such as buffer pH and reaction temperature. The result showed the optimum conditions were the addition of Fe3O4 nanoparticles for 4% (w/v), phosphate buffer solution of 100 mM with pH of 7.0, and reaction temperature at 25°C. The glucose determination showed linearity for increasing oxidation peak and decreasing reduction peak with the glucose concentration, with regression equation of y = -6.804x – 104.32 and y = 4.5872x + 133.37 respectively. Furthermore, the limit of detection and limit of quantification for oxidation peaks were 0.38 mM and 1.25 mM respectively. The reduction peak showed a limit of detection of 0.32 mM and a limit of quantification of 1.07 mM.
Waste Collection Vehicle Routing Problem with TimeWindows for Route Optimization of Garbage Transport Vehicles
Authors: Yuliza Evi , Suprihatin Bambang , Bangun Putra Bahtera Jaya , Puspita Fitri Maya , Indrawati Indrawati , Octarina Sisca
Published: January 2023

The waste collection vehicle routing problem with time windows is an optimization problem on the route of the waste transport vehicle which aims to determine the route of the vehicle by considering the travel time and windows. Garbage transport vehicles transport garbage in several work areas. This affects the optimal time and distance. The working hours of the garbage collectors are divided into two parts. The first working hours are 07.00 - 11.00 West Indonesian Time (WIT) and 16.00-20.00 WIT. The cleaning staff has a break of 5 hours. This study aims to optimize the route of waste transportation vehicles in the problem of transporting waste so as to minimize travel time and distance. Waste collection vehicle routing problem with time windows on determining the route of a garbage transport vehicle which is simulated on the problem of transporting garbage in the city of Palembang. The waste collection vehicle routing problem with the time windows model is solved with an exact approach using LINGO software. The results of this study indicate that the proposed optimization model provides optimization of the route of the garbage transport vehicle, the total travel time, and break time of the cleaning staff.
Assessment of preparedness for response to COVID-19 by two hospitals in the Gaza Strip
Authors: Aljabari Mohammed , Elkhateeb Mahmoud , Dorgham Hamada , Alsufi Ahmed
Published: January 2023

Background: Hospital preparedness enables the healthcare delivery system to save lives during emergencies that surpass the day-to-day capacity of existing response systems. The COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected all aspects of life worldwide, and in the Gaza Strip particularly. Aims: We assessed the preparedness of 2 hospitals in the Gaza Strip for response to COVID-19. Methods: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted among 160 nurses and physicians between July 2020 and October 2021 at the European Gaza Hospital and the Turkish-Palestinian Friendship Hospital, 2 hospitals dedicated to the reception and care of COVID-19 patients in the Gaza Strip. Data were collected using a structured, selfadministered questionnaire and a checklist. The data were analysed using SPSS, version 23. Frequencies and descriptive data were used to assess the variables. Inferential statistics such as ANOVA and t-test were used to determine the significance and differences between the variables. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.903. Results: The majority of the participants were nurses (77.5%) and they showed a high level of knowledge and training regarding the response to COVID-19 pandemic (73.4 %). Their perception of the preparedness of their hospitals in terms of work environment and availability of resources was average (63.6%). Around 70% perceived COVID-19 to have had a negative effect on their personal lives and work. Conclusion: The preparedness level at the 2 hospitals was unsatisfactory (55.75%). Further research is recommended to assess the level of hospital preparedness from the viewpoint of other healthcare workers.
The Development of Interactive Learning Multimedia Based on The Website for Mathematics’ Subject in Junior High School
Authors: Irmawan Irmawan , Mering Aloysius , Astuti Indri
Published: January 2023

This research aims to develop interactive learning media based on the website for mathematics subjects in junior high school. The research and development (R&D) method was applied to this research to achieve that goal and the model used is ADDIE. ADDIE model consists of five phases: (1) Analyze, (2) Design, (3) Develop, (4) Implement, and (5) Evaluate. The research was conducted in grade 8 students of SMPS Kristen Makedonia Ngabang with 27 participants and six people for a validity test based on media design experts, media experts, and mathematics content experts. Questionnaire instruments and attitude scales were used to analyze the quantitative and qualitative data. Overall, according to the data analysis (with the frequency range of 1 to 5), it is found that the media design has met very valid criteria with an average value of 4,76. Nonetheless, the analysis result of empirical assessment for individual, small group, and field try procedures for 27 students in SMPS Kristen Makedonia Ngabang grade 8 expressed that the students are very happy to use interactive learning multimedia based on the website with an average value of 6,27 with the frequency range of 1 to 7. Furthermore, according to the result of the effectiveness attitude questionnaire towards media and the pre-treatment and post-treatment analysis that involved 30 students, there was a significant difference as , (). Therefore, the interactive learning multimedia based on the website for mathematics subjects in junior high school can be implemented for mathematics-related topics in junior high school.
“Managing Staff WFH in Crisis Times” - How Are Teacher Education Managers Supporting Staff Working Remotely at an Odel College?
Authors: Mukhathi Fulufhelo , Tshabalala Samson L , Kotze Christy J , Van Wyk Micheal M
Published: January 2023

The sudden onslaught of the Covid-19 pandemic changed how university managers operate. Staff working from home (WFH) needed support and teacher education managers (TEM) played an important role in giving such support. This study is underpinned by the crisis leadership theory and ubuntu-oriented management style. The aim of this exploratory study is to ascertain the support strategies provided by TEM to staff WFH during the Covid-19 pandemic. To achieve the aim, this study investigates motivational support TEM provided to staff WFH during the pandemic. The aim included establishing which stress management techniques TEM used to support staff WFH and explore communicative tools used to support staff WFH.  The constructivist-interpretivist lens is foregrounding the qualitative single case research, exploring the kind of support that six distance managers provided to staff WFH at an open distance e-learning university. Results revealed that staff WFH were acknowledged and rewarded for hard work and excellence. Several web-based video-conferencing sessions were offered through online Teams webinars, seminars, workshops and stress management techniques. Further research needs to be undertaken to determine, through a mixed-method design, how TEM employed stress management techniques for staff WFH, which may yield different results.
Public Speaking Anxiety of University Students in EFL Context
Authors: Fathikasari Novelia , Gozali Agus , Ratri Devinta Puspita
Published: January 2023

Public speaking anxiety poses great challenges to developing these skills. It is estimated that approximately 15% to 30% of the general population suffer from public speaking anxiety, which is the most common type of social phobia. Excessive public speaking anxiety can lead to enormous stress and frustration, impaired speech performance, and further avoidance of social situations that require making public presentations, especially for students. This study aims to investigate the level and the factors that mostly occurred among university students in public speaking. The researchers used a questionnaire of Public Speaking Anxiety (PSA) by Noorrachima (2020) and made the senior students of the English Department as the respondents for this research. The result of the study showed that the PSA level of the seniors of ELEP UB is high and the general sense factor is the highest chosen factor that triggers their public speaking anxiety.
Evaluation of Teacher Professional Development Program at Elementary School 34 South Pontianak
Authors: Sukmawati Sukmawati
Published: January 2023

The purpose of conducting this research was to evaluate the implementation of the teacher professional development program at SDN 34 Pontianak Selatan. It hopes that this research will be helpful to provide input and suggestions for the professional development of teachers in general and in particular at SDN 34 Pontianak Selatan. This development can become a role model for schools in the vicinity. This research used a descriptive method. Descriptive is a problem-solving procedure that is investigated by describing the state of the object of the research at present as it is. Based on the opinion above, the researcher used a descriptive method by looking for data about the implementation of the Teacher Professional Development Program at SDN 34 Pontianak Selatan by using the Goal-Oriented Evaluation Model. The data obtained in this research is narrative sentences, documents, and images from observations. Data collection is carried out on an ongoing basis through interviews, observations, and document studies.
Approaches for Mastering Coordinative Appositions Exceptions in Simple Present Tense
Authors: Nephawe Farisani Thomas , Lambani Matodzi Nancy
Published: January 2023

Coordinative appositions bring coordination between words, phrases, and clauses in communication. They are one grammatical feature requiring second language learners’ competence in its usage. However, the use of the coordinative appositions exceptions in English language is concerning. They usually deviate from the exceptions involved in the use of the coordinating conjunction ‘and’ in the simple present tense. In South African schools, English First Additional Language learners are affected by this learning adversity. The research paper aimed at investigating a suitable approach for mastering the coordinative appositions exceptions in the simple present tense. A quantitative research approach was used by the researchers because the findings could be reduced to numbers and percentages using statistical procedures. Using a questionnaire, data were collected from the respondents. Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22 and IBM SPSS version 25 both were utilised to analyse data after the findings from each software were collated for validity purposes. A random sampling technique was used to sample 8 respondents from an overall enrolment of 65 Grade eight learners at Andries Mugaguli Secondary School in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Although pre-test findings showed poor performance in using ‘Hangman’ approach, after utilising the ‘coordinating conjunction board game, learners’ performance improved remarkably. The research recommends regular practise in the exceptions involved in the use of the coordinating conjunction ‘and’ in the simple present tense.
Development Of Interactive Multimedia For Learning Computer Hardware Maintenance Vocational High School
Authors: Herawan Hermanus , Mering Aloysius , Sujaini Herry
Published: January 2023

The aim of this reasearch was to develop interactive multimedia for learning computer hardware maintenance in Vocational High Schools. To achieve the objectives of this study, the Research and Development (R&D) method of the ADDIE development model was used. The ADDIE development model in research begins through the stages (1) Analyze, (2) Design, (3) Develop, (4) Implement, and (5) Evaluate. This research was conducted Vocational High School Negeri 6 Pontianak at class X with 27 students participating and three validators, design experts, material experts, and media experts. Data from the instrument and attitude scale were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative analysis. Relatively, from the results of data analysis (in the range of values 1-5) the multimedia design was declared "very valid" with an average of 4.34. Followed by analysis of empirical test data with individual test procedures, small groups, and field tests on 27 students of Vocational High School Negeri 6 Pontianak in class X, showing the attitude of students "very happy" using interactive multimedia with an average of 6.26 in the range 1-7. The multimedia effectiveness test with the criteria of students' attitudes towards multimedia and the pretest and posttest scores involving 30 students turned out to be a significant difference with 𝑡𝑜 ≥ 𝑡𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑙,, namely 13,507  ≥  2,045. Based on the results of research, interactive multimedia for learning computer hardware maintenance at Vocational High Schools can be applied to basic computer network subjects
Desiderius Erasmus and Christian Education
Authors: Lumangkun Wingga Witsi , Mokalu Valentino Reykliv
Published: January 2023

The aims of this article is to discuss the problem of challenges from the perspective of humanism in its correlation with christian religious education. Desiderius Erasmus gave a big contribution to the development of humanism itself, because humans need to self expolarate themselves freely, so that the essence of his view of humanism makes a clear contribution to humans who can actualize themselves to humanize humans. The research method used in this article is library re-search with an interpretive approach where the meaning of the text is raised as the text speaks. In conclusion, Humanism basically teaches humans that all humans are the same there are no differences, which is part of the world and god's creation. The application of the humanism viewpoint in christian religious education can not only help to deal with conflicts based on differences but also can help unite humanity based on human values itself.
Environment-Based Arabic Vocabulary Learning in Islamic Kindergarten
Authors: Salam Muhammad Yusuf , Mudinilllah Adam , Levan’s Olivia
Published: January 2023

Over time the world evolved in all fields. One of them is in the areas affected by the evolution of the times, namely the field of education. Education should be flexible so that there is a synchronization between the development of the times and the world of education. More and more, we realize that there is a need for an innovative and competitive next generation, not only nationally but also internationally. Moving on from this, the researcher took the initiative to provide environment-based Arabic vocabulary material to students at the early childhood education level, namely Islamic Kindergartens. The purpose of this study was to test whether environmental-based Arabic vocabulary learning could be realized for students in Islamic Kindergartens. The method used in this research is the descriptive qualitative method by analyzing social events, phenomena or events. The research subjects are Al-Amin Islamic Kindergarten students whose address is at Jl. Ahmad Yani No. 89 D, Baringin, Five Peoples of Tanah Datar Regency, West Sumatra Province. In this study, researchers used the Spradley model of data analysis, namely domain analysis, by obtaining a general description of the researchers' observed events. The research was conducted for three days inside and outside the classroom. After the researchers observed, it can be concluded that the provision of environment-based Arabic vocabulary learning materials in Islamic Kindergartens can be realized by providing simple materials adapted to students' cognitive abilities.