bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Landslide initiation thresholds in data-sparse regions: application to landslide early warning criteria in Sitka, Alaska, USA
Authors: Patton Annette I. , Luna Lisa V. , Roering Joshua J. , Jacobs Aaron , Korup Oliver , Mirus Benjamin B.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Probabilistic models to inform landslide early warning systems often rely on rainfall totals observed during past events with landslides. However, these models are generally developed for broad regions using large catalogs, with dozens, hundreds, or even thousands of landslide occurrences. This study evaluates strategies for training landslide forecasting models with a scanty record of landslide-triggering events, which is a typical limitation in remote, sparsely populated regions. We evaluate 136 statistical models trained on a precipitation dataset with five landslide-triggering precipitation events recorded near Sitka, Alaska, USA, as well as > 6000 d of non-triggering rainfall (2002–2020). We also conduct extensive statistical evaluation for three primary purposes: (1) to select the best-fitting models, (2) to evaluate performance of the preferred models, and (3) to select and evaluate warning thresholds. We use Akaike, Bayesian, and leave-one-out information criteria to compare the 136 models, which are trained on different cumulative precipitation variables at time intervals ranging from 1 h to 2 weeks, using both frequentist and Bayesian methods to estimate the daily probability and intensity of potential landslide occurrence (logistic regression and Poisson regression). We evaluate the best-fit models using leave-one-out validation as well as by testing a subset of the data. Despite this sparse landslide inventory, we find that probabilistic models can effectively distinguish days with landslides from days without slide activity. Our statistical analyses show that 3 h precipitation totals are the best predictor of elevated landslide hazard, and adding antecedent precipitation (days to weeks) did not improve model performance. This relatively short timescale of precipitation combined with the limited role of antecedent conditions likely reflects the rapid draining of porous colluvial soils on the very steep hillslopes around Sitka. Although frequentist and Bayesian inferences produce similar estimates of landslide hazard, they do have different implications for use and interpretation: frequentist models are familiar and easy to implement, but Bayesian models capture the rare-events problem more explicitly and allow for better understanding of parameter uncertainty given the available data. We use the resulting estimates of daily landslide probability to establish two decision boundaries that define three levels of warning. With these decision boundaries, the frequentist logistic regression model incorporates National Weather Service quantitative precipitation forecasts into a real-time landslide early warning “dashboard” system (https://sitkalandslide.org/, last access: 9 October 2023). This dashboard provides accessible and data-driven situational awareness for community members and emergency managers.
ОРГАНИ ДЕРЖАВНОГО ФІНАНСОВОГО КОНТРОЛЮ В УКРАЇНІ: ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРАВОВОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ АДМІНІСТРАТИВНО-ЮРИСДИКЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: Атаманчук Наталія Іванівна
Published: October 2023

У статті досліджено особливості правового забезпечення адміністративно-юрисдикційної діяльності органів державного фінансового контролю. Наголошено на тому, що в Україні державний фінансовий контроль здійснюється через систему органів державного фінансового контролю, яка включає органи загального державного контролю (Президент України, Верховна Рада України, Кабінет Міністрів України) та органи спеціального контролю, яким делеговані відповідні повноваження (Міністерство фінансів України, Рахункова палата, Державна аудиторська служба України, Державна казначейська служба України, Державна податкова служба України, Державна митна служба України та інші органи спеціального контролю відповідно до компетенції). Встановлено, що правове забезпечення адміністративно-юрисдикційної діяльності органів державного фінансового контролю в Україні здійснюється як загальним, так і спеціальним законодавством. Адміністративно-юрисдикційною діяльністю органів державного фінансового контролю визначено діяльність щодо розгляду та вирішення адміністративно-правових спорів, справ про адміністративні правопорушення у встановлених законом порядку та формах, а також здійснення інших адміністративно-юрисдикційних дій забезпечувального характеру в межах повноважень цих органів із забезпечення дотримання фінансового законодавства. Складниками адміністративно-юрисдикційної діяльності органів державного фінансового контролю визначено такі як: розгляд та вирішення скарг громадян чи юридичних осіб щодо рішень, дій чи бездіяльності контролюючих органів чи їх посадових осіб; здійснення дисциплінарного провадження; провадження у справах про адміністративні правопорушення щодо порушення фінансового законодавства. Наголошено на необхідності подальшого вдосконалення правового забезпечення адміністративно-юрисдикційної діяльності суб’єктів державного фінансового контролю через формування єдиних концептуальних засад організації такої діяльності з урахуванням Євроінтеграційного шляху України, а також формування єдиного правового поля та законодавчого закріплення адміністративно-юрисдикційної діяльності органів державного фінансового контролю.
Risk factors of early mortality in COVID-19 patients in Indonesia: A retrospective cohort study in a provincial referral hospital of Aceh
Authors: Ismayana Vera , Yanti Budi , Kurniawan Ferry D. , Zulfikar Teuku , Yusuf Nurrahmah
Published: October 2023

Some of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients died after being hospitalized and early mortality is a matter of concern during the pandemic; therefore, it is critical to determine which patients are the most vulnerable of having early mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for early mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Indonesia. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on hospitalized COVID-19 patients from July 2020 to September 2021 at Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and mortality were collected. Early mortality was defined as a death before seven days of the hospitalization. Multivariate regression analysis was employed to determine the risk factors associated with early mortality. We included the data of 624 COVID-19 patients who died during the study period. More than half of the patients were male and aged over 50 years old. The average hospitalization period was 10 days and most patients had more than two comorbidities. Chronic lung disease was the most common comorbidity (46.0%) followed by respiratory disease (26.8%) and heart disease (14.3%). Multiple comorbidities and elevated D-dimers exceeding 3376.92 ng/mL were associated with early mortality with OR: 7.029; 95%CI: 2.02–24.43 and OR: 1.000085, 95%CI: 1.000028–1.000142, respectively. In conclusion, early mortality in COVID-19 patients was associated with having multiple comorbidities and elevated D-dimer level. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the presence of comorbidities and routine laboratory test while managing COVID-19 patients in order to prevent the early mortality.
PARENCHYMATOUS-STROMAL RATIO IN COLORECTAL CANCER TUMORS AS AN INDICATOR OF METASTASIS
Authors: Imanbaev N. , Iztleuov E. , Koishybaev A. , Bekmukhambetov E. , Urazaev O. , Kydyrbaeva E.
Published: October 2023

Relevance: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the five most common cancers worldwide and is characterized by trends in incidence, disability, and mortality. A significant recurrence rate and early metastasis characterize CRC. Many meta-analyses in the world literature are aimed at finding factors that determine the probable outcome of the disease.
The study aimed to evaluate the role of the parenchymal-stromal ratio in the progression of colorectal cancer.
Methods: When microcopying at 40x magnification, the parenchyma (Sp) and stroma (Sm) area were measured in the areas of superficial tumor growth and deep invasion. The parenchymal-stromal ratio (PSR) was calculated using the formula PSS=Sp/Sm, and the correlation with tumor metastasis was determined.
Results: With an increase in the depth of tumor invasion, the frequency of metastasis to the liver also increased. The metastasis rate for invasion into the muco-submucosal layer (T1) and the muscular layer (T2) was 4%, respectively. The rate increased to 80% with the involvement of the subserous membrane (T3). Metastases in regional lymph nodes worsened the outcome of the disease threefold. With locally widespread and locally regional in the zone of deep invasion, the parenchymal component predominates over the stroma. PSS is 2.5:1.0 and 1.6:1.0. With CRC disseminated growth in the zone of deep tumor invasion, PSS was 1.0:1.4 with a predominance of the stromal component up to 57%.
Conclusion: There is a decrease in PSS in superficial growth zones in disseminated forms of colorectal cancer compared with local and local-regional types of cancer. The predominance of the stromal component in the zone of deep invasion is directly proportional to the high adverse outcome.
THE FIRST EXPERIENCE OF USING NON-INTUBATION VIDEO-ASSISTED THORACOSCOPIC RESECTIONS FOR LUNG CANCER IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Makarov V. , Baimuhametov E. , Мusanov E. , Olzhayev S. , Novikov I. , Bekbotayev B. , Adzhybayev B. , Mahanbetov B. , Оspanov S. , Оzharova A. , Каdyrbayeva R.
Published: October 2023

Relevance:Several studies have shown that non-intubation surgical interventions, especially, have proven themselves well in patients with low reserve of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as in the diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases.
The study aimed to describe the experience of introducing into clinical practice surgical interventions without intubation on spontaneous breathing for malignant neoplasms of the lungs and mediastinal organs.
Methods: two clinical cases are described of the main points of the anesthesia and technical features of surgical intervention.
Results: A surgery in two patients with peripheral lung cancer was performed. In the first case, the operation included NI-VATS on the right and the resection of the upper (S2) and lower lobe (S6, S9); in the second case – NI-VATS on the right, lower lobectomy, and lymph node dissection. Based on the results of histological examination, both patients were diagnosed with NSCLC in the initial stages. Postoperative chemoradiotherapy is not indicated. The patients were registered at the dispensary in clinical group III.
Conclusion: As the literature data and our preliminary results of NI-VATS show, surgical interventions in the surgical treatment of lung cancer have places to be and should be widely introduced into clinical practice in oncothoracic departments of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
THE EFFECT OF THE EXTENT OF SURGERY AND LYMPH NODE DISSECTION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF METACHRONOUS PERITONEAL DISSEMINATION IN GASTRIC CANCER
Authors: Reutovich M. , Krasko O. , Ivanov A.
Published: October 2023

Relevance:Metachronous peritoneal dissemination (MPD) is among the top factors in the structure of gastric cancer (GC) progression, considerably worsening radical surgery outcomes. Since cancer cell dissemination in the peritoneal cavity is often triggered during surgery, assessing its role in MPD development is important.
The study aimed to assess the effect of the extent of radical surgery and lymph node dissection on the MPD development in radically operated gastric cancer patients.
Methods: The results of radical surgery performed on 1080 patients with gastric cancer (рТ1-4N0-3M0) without spreading to the esophagus were assessed (647 males and 433 females) depending on the extent of surgical treatment (proximal/distal subtotal gastric resection (SGR), n=639/gastrectomy (GE), n=334; standard/combined surgery, n=973/107) and the extent of lymph node dissection (LD) – D1 (n=151) or D2 (n=929). Also assessed were survival rates (Kaplan-Meyer multiplier estimation method), cumulative incidence (CI) of competing events –MPD, metastases of other localizations, and mortality cases unrelated to gastric cancer (competing risks analysis).
Results: The analysis showed a statistically significant increase in the cumulative incidence of GC progression after combined operations (55.6±4.9%) as compared with the standard radical treatment (GE – 42.3±2.7%, SRG – 25.6±1.7%, respectively), including an increase in MPD CI in each of applied surgical procedures (after combined operations – 36.8±4.7%, after standard GE – 21.6±2.3% and SRG – 11.1±1.2%, respectively; рGray<0.001). In the presence of lymphohematogenous metastases of other localizations, the relevant figures were 9.4±2.9% after combined operations, 9.3±1.6% after standard GE, and 5.0±0.9% after SRG (рGray=0.022). Lymph node metastases increased MPD CI after LD D1 from 8.3±2.8% (pN0) to 29.1±6.2% (рN1-3) (рGray<0.05), those after LD D2 increased from 9.4±1.3% (pN0) to 27.3±2.1% (рN1-3) (рGray<0.05).
Conclusion: It is advisable to assess the extent of the planned surgical treatment and the condition of local lymph nodes when evaluating the probability of MPD development. The applied lymph dissection procedure did not affect the cumulative incidence of GC progression, including MPD development.
THE DEGREE OF AWARENESS OF THE POPULATION OF THE KARAGANDA REGION ON THE INCIDENCE AND PREVENTION OF COLORECTAL CANCER: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: MUTAN А.
Published: October 2023

Relevance: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cancer in yearly morbidity and mortality. WHO forecasts that 2030 CRC incidence will exceed 2.2 million cases yearly, and mortality will increase to 1.1 million yearly. More than 3,000 new cases of colorectal cancer are detected annually in Kazakhstan. In disease control, it is necessary to develop preventive measures as much as possible. Preventive measures play a crucial role in reducing mortality from this disease. One of the most critical issues is the lack of public awareness about the disease.
The study analyzes the global experience in preventing colorectal cancer to develop measures to raise public awareness.
Methods: A continuous search was performed in the PubMed, CrossRe, Scopus, and Cochrane databases for 2013-2023 for the keywords “colorectal cancer,” “risk factors,” “public awareness,” “medical literacy,” “morbidity,” and “prevention.” In total, more than 75 scientific articles and 500 abstracts were reviewed.
Results: The problem is aggravated by the fact that among patients with an oncological diagnosis, patients with colorectal cancer, or patients with a confirmed diagnosis of the disease, there is insufficient information about this disease, and they neglect preventive measures. Firstly, we insist that the population is not fully aware of the responsibility for their health (this is influenced by a false sense of shame and insufficient awareness of the disease), and secondly, primary prevention is essential. Accordingly, it is necessary to increase the effectiveness of screening programs, improve awareness, and organize full-fledged assistance from the state in disease control.
Conclusion: Colorectal cancer is an urgent disease that occupies an essential place in Kazakhstan’s list of oncological diseases. Due to the increased awareness of the population about this disease and the correct solution to prevention issues, it will be possible to reduce the incidence among patients. In this regard, it is necessary to widely disseminate information about the disease among the population and increase patients’ responsibility for their health.
VOLUNTARY BEHAVIOR OF STUDENTS STUDYING MEDICAL SPECIALTIES IN THE CONTEXT OF A PANDEMIC
Authors:   Medical College, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria., Yordanova Rozalina , Kyuchukova Silvia ,   Department of Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria., Andonova Albena ,   Department of Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria., Nikolova Mima ,   Department of Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria., Platikanova Magdalena ,   Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, Microbiology, Parasitology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.
Published: October 2023

By training young people a range of practical medical skills and engaging them in volunteer activity, they are expected to express themselves and achieve outcomes that have an impact on their own lives and the lives of others in society. Purpose: to determine the attitudes and motivations of students studying medical specialties who want to volunteer using their professional training received at Higher Medical School during the pandemic. Material and Methods: A survey; Mathematical and statistical processing of the obtained data; Applying an established methodology for selection of willing and motivated students; Non-formal education. Results: Total surveyed students 282 - the largest number are those studying the Nurse specialty (48.2%). 57.4% of study participants had experience volunteering. 52.7% would work as a volunteer with Covid-19 patients. 11% were already volunteering Covid-19 at healthcare facilities. The main reason why students are most likely to volunteer in the Covid-19 sectors is personal moral principles (49.2%). The main way students would spread information in society about the nature and principles of voluntary student work is through social networks (75.2%). Conclusions: More than half of the respondents had experience as volunteers. Students are motivated and willing to help Covid-19 patients. Personal motivation and opportunities to improve skills and acquire new knowledge and competencies are the main reasons students prefer volunteering during a pandemic. Volunteer work has a positive influence on the professional development of students, a good impact on their professional identity creation and is essential for their future work as healthcare professionals.
КОНЕЧНАЯ СКОРОСТЬ И ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННАЯ ЛОКАЛИЗАЦИЯ В КРОСС ДИФФУЗИОННЫХ СИСТЕМАХ НЕДИВЕРГЕНТНОГО ВИДА С ПЕРЕМЕННОЙ ПЛОТНОСТЬЮ
Authors: Арипов Мирсаид , Хожимуродова Мадина
Published: October 2023

Исследована задача Коши для кросс диффузионной параболической системы уравнений не дивергентного вида с переменной плотностью и поглощением, зависящим от времени. В работе путем построения решение типа Зельдовича-Баренблатта для системы установлены нелинейные эффекты конечной скорости и пространственной локализации распространение тепла.  Используются метод регуляризации и методика верхнего-нижнего решения, чтобы показать локальное существование решения для нелинейного вырождающегося параболического системы. Обсуждается существование глобального решения, установлены blow-up свойство решения. Доказано локальное существование и единственность классического решения.
ОДИН КЛАСС ЛИНЕЙНЫХ ИНТЕГРАЛЬНЫХ УРАВНЕНИЙ ФРЕДГОЛЬМА-СТИЛТЬЕСА ПЕРВОГО РОДА С ДВУМЯ НЕЗАВИСИМЫМИ ПЕРЕМЕННЫМИ
Authors: Каденова Зууракан , Бекешова Дамира , Орозмаматова Жыпаргул
Published: October 2023

В данной работе, с помощью понятия производной по возрастающей функции, и методом неотрицательных квадратичных форм доказывается единственность решений для одного классе линейных интегральных уравнений Фредгольма-Стильтьеса первого рода с двумя независимыми переменными.
Applying multiple regression to distinguish the nature and intensity of labor market, population and household effects on GPG across world economies
Authors: Jašová Emilie
Published: October 2023

The aim of the article is to verify and expand knowledge about the existence and nature of the influence of the labor market, the population and the family on the differences in the remuneration of women and men. For age across world economies, negative values outweighed positive values for the NAIRU of women (40 to 44 years) with upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education. For the ownership of economic activity, positive values prevailed over negative ones for the NAIRU indicator of women (30 to 34 years old) with upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education. For the type of employment agreements, the average positive values outweighed the negative ones for the indicator tax rate for people with low income. Our econometric analysis also found a statistically insignificant effect that foreign and domestic research does not mention.
Political risks of Central Bank Digital Currencies
Authors: Kozińska Magdalena
Published: October 2023

Recently, most central banks have started works on the introduction of central bank digital currencies (CBDCs). The aim of presentation is to show that the economic factors are not the only aspects in the debate about the implementation of the CBDC in countries. The public debate neglects the fact that particular features of CBDCs have incredible political potential. The paper lists the most important political opportunities and dangers that relate to CBDCs based on the author’s critical review of the projects. For each opportunity the probability and significance was evaluated based on the questionnaire among experts.
Homeownership as a source of income in kind for elderly households: the evidence from the Luxembourg Income Study
Authors: Marcinkiewicz Edyta , Chybalski Filip
Published: October 2023

Although housing wealth in general, and own residence in particular, accounts for the greatest share in the household wealth composition irrespective of the country, the issue of housing as a source of additional income in kind is rarely addressed in the current literature. The study explores the distribution of imputed rental income among older households. It aims to assess the role of the income in kind in shaping the welfare of the elderly, and specifically, its impact on poverty reduction. It also investigates how the inclusion of imputed rent in the income concept impacts inequality estimates. Our empirical research covers a cross-country comparative analysis that draws from Luxembourg Income Study database and includes seventeen countries. We examine the situation of older homeowners as compared to subsidized tenants and renters at market price to answer the question to what extent homeownership can act as a source of additional pension income. This entails also some policy implications regarding the justification for incentives and privileges for homeowners and homebuyers aimed at increasing homeownership rates, as well as the need for development of subsidized rental sector.
Evaluation of the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the financial stability of airlines with different business models
Authors: Savchina Oksana , Pavlinov Dmitriy
Published: October 2023

The Russian airline market became the first in the world to record the positive revenue growth per passenger-kilometer in 2021 after a sharp decline in passenger traffic a year earlier. This indicates its gradual recovery after the biggest crisis in the history of aviation. The purpose of the article is to assess the financial stability of the Russian airlines over the past three years: 2019 (pre-COVID-19), 2020 (COVID-19) and 2021 (post-COVID-19) based on the applying of the three bankruptcy likelihood prediction models (Altman’s Z-score model for emerging markets, the AIRSCORE model of Chow et al., and the P-model of Pilarski and Dinh). The analysis was conducted for the 4 airlines - Aeroflot, Pobeda, Smartavia and NordStar - each of them having a different business model that they follow (national flag carrier, low-cost carrier, ultra-low-cost carrier and regional carrier, respectively). It should be noted that during the study period there was the rapid growth of low-cost carriers, even during the COVID-19 crisis. Traditional (full-service) airlines, on the contrary, had negative dynamics both in terms of operational and financial indicators. Calculations of bankruptcy models showed that low-cost airlines were more financially stable during the COVID-19 pandemic, while full-service air carriers experienced uncertainty during 2020 and only gradually recovered in 2021.
GAMBARAN HASIL BILIRUBIN INDIRECT PADA BAYI UMUR 0-14 HARI DI RUMAH SAKIT GADING MEDIKA KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Bahar Mardiyansyah , Melani Sherly Irga , Yurman Yurman
Published: October 2023

Ikterus merupakan akibat dari peningkatan kadar bilirubin indirect (“unconjugated”) atau kadar bilirubin direct (“conjugated”) dalam darah. Bilirubin indirect tidak berfungsi karena pada saat masih dalam kandungan, janin membutuhkan sel darah merah yang sangat banyak, dikarenakan paru-paru jabang bayi belum berfungsi secara sempurna, sehingga bayi belum dapat memproses bilirubin indirect menjadi bilirubin direct di dalam hati agar dapat dikeluarkan melalui feses dan urin. Ikterus adalah perubahan warna menjadi kuning pada kulit, membrane mukosa, dan sklera yang disebabkan peningkatan produksi bilirubin di dalam darah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran hasil pemeriksaan bilirubin indirect pada bayi umur 0-14 hari di Rumah Sakit Gading Medika Kota Bengkulu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan  adalah  deskriptif kuantitatif analitik. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Gading Medika. Sampel yang digunakan yaitu 42 sampel Tekhnik analisa data yaitu deskriptif. Hasil penelitian dari 42 sampel bayi yang melakukan pemeriksaan bilirubin indirect yaitu terjadi peningkatan dengan seluruh hasil pemeriksaan kadar bilirubin indirect yang tinggi pada bayi umur 0-14 hari pada tahun 2022 di Rumah Sakit Gading Medika Kota Bengkulu.
PENGARUH PENYIMPANAN REAGEN KERJA TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ENZIM ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE
Authors: Delfiana Rafika Saeba , Harlita Tiara Dini , Hartono Agus Rudi
Published: October 2023

Aktivitas Enzim Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) pada reagen kerja yang disimpan disuhu 2 – 8°C akan mempengaruhi hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium. Faktor yang mempengaruhi adalah suhu dan lama penyimpanan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan penyimpanan reagen kerja aliquot dan tanpa aliquot selama 0, 7, 14, dan 21 hari pada suhu 4°C terhadap aktivitas enzim ALT. Penelitian ini menggunakan Quasi Experimental, dengan desain Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Variabel penelitian adalah perlakuan penyimpanan reagen kerja ALT dan kadar aktivitas enzim ALT. Sampel yang digunakan adalah serum kontrol normal ALT sebanyak 2.400 mL. Metode pemeriksaan adalah enzimatik menggunakan spektofotometer. Analisi data yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat untuk menghitung rata-rata kadar enzim yang diperiksa 3 kali dan analisis bivariat untuk menguji pengaruh perlakuan penyimpanan menggunakan uji Independent Sample T-test. Berdasarkan rata-rata kadar perlakuan aliquot hasil tertinggi dihari ke-0 yaitu (59,0 U/L) dan hasil terendah dihari ke-21 yaitu (45,7 U/L). Perlakuan tanpa aliquot hasil tertinggi dihari ke-0 yaitu (54,6 U/L) dan hasil terendah dihari ke-21 yaitu (51,8 U/L). Hasil uji pengaruh perlakuan mempunyai nilai signifikansi aliquot dapat digunakan hingga 3 minggu dan tanpa aliquot dapat digunakan hingga 4 minggu.
Agroculturalidad, Biopatrimonio y Semillas en Los Andes Venezolanos Etnografía del Patrimonio Biocultural de la Cordillera de Mérida
Authors: Meneses Lino
Published: October 2023

Este libro propone brindar aportes teóricos al campo patrimonial en Venezuela a partir de un estudio etnográfico-interpretativo de las prácticas agro-culturales relacionadas con el uso de las semillas autóctonas en las localidades de Gavidia, La Mixteque y Piñango ubicadas en Los Páramos del Estado Mérida, espacio marcado por una profunda huella indígena desde tiempos inmemoriales, con la finalidad de caracterizar el Patrimonio Biocultural de los ecosistemas altoandinos, en base a observaciones etnográficas realizadas in situ y a testimonios de los pobladores recabados en estas localidades por el autor. El investigador muestra desde la etnoecología, la etnografía y la etnohistoria, un corpus emergente del constructo teórico de la Bio-culturalidad como componente procedente de la Etno-ciencia. Igualmente se presentan las orientaciones emergentes cuyo resultado deviene de la experiencia del trabajo etnográfico, proponiendo una reconfiguración holística del concepto de Agrocultura y del uso tradicional de las semillas, apostando el énfasis en una re-lectura patrimonial de la agricultura como práctica humana, en la perspectiva del Patrimonio Biocultural (PBC o BPC), sus alcances sociales y sus implicaciones socioeconómicas propias del Mundo de Vida de los portadores del conocimiento y de la sabiduría aplicada al manejo de la tierra, saberes ancestrales relatados por los sujetos y actores de la tradición agrocultural desde una Mirada puesta en el Paisaje Agrocultural de los Sistemas Productivos en los Páramos de Mérida (PASPPM).
THE BARRIERS OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN ACCESSING MARKETPLACE AND FINANCIAL SUPPORTS: A STUDY AT RAJSHAHI CITY IN BANGLADESH
Authors: Bari Sazzadul , Ador Rifat Hasan , Akter Shekh Sadia , Rahman Muhammad Mahmudur
Published: October 2023

Bangladesh, a developing country, still discriminates the gender roles regarding marketplace access. Women entrepreneurs in this country are more vulnerable to starting a new business and participating equally in the marketplace. Although existing literature suggests that there are governmental and financial initiatives to support women entrepreneurship, the barriers to accessing such support have remained unimportant. Also, their vulnerability in participating in marketplace activities needed more details. This study aims to investigate the barriers women entrepreneurs face in accessing governmental and non-governmental support in Bangladesh and address their vulnerability in the marketplace. This qualitative study has been conducted in Rajshahi City with a purposive sample of 40 women entrepreneurs aged between 25 and 55. The interviews followed a semi-structured questionnaire. Data collected from July to August 2022 through in-depth interviews have been analyzed using narrative analysis while considering participants’ narratives as units of analysis. Results show that women entrepreneurs struggle to establish shops in a market and are often frightened to take loans even when they are in need of it. Those who take loans face difficulties following complex and time-consuming procedures and providing guarantor, mortgage, and documents. The findings highlight challenges faced by women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh who need governmental and non-governmental support to ensure equal participation of women in the marketplaces. This study recommends reducing bureaucratic difficulties in accessing governmental financial facilities, minimizing the time and paperwork required to access loans, and more efficiently connecting non-governmental organizations with women entrepreneurs to enhance their entrepreneurial capabilities.
THE Fe-Cu DISCONNECT: UNRAVELING A COMPOSITE IRON OXIDE COPPER-GOLD DEPOSIT IN THE OLYMPIC Fe-Cu-Au PROVINCE, GAWLER CRATON
Authors: Yu Jie , Morrissey Laura J. , Hand Martin , Payne Justin L. , Chen Yan-Jing
Published: October 2023

The northern Olympic Cu-Au province, Gawler craton, Australia, includes a series of magnetite-dominated deposits/prospects associated with minor Cu-Au mineralization such as the 8.37 million tonne Cairn Hill deposit. Cairn Hill has long been considered a deep, magnetite end member of the iron oxide copper-gold (IOCG) family that is largely represented in the southern Olympic province by the 1590 Ma hematite-dominated Olympic Dam, Carrapeteena, and Prominent Hill deposits. In contrast to the southern district, the deposits in the northern Olympic Cu-Au province are hosted in rocks that experienced multiple phases of high-temperature metamorphism and deformation. New U-Pb zircon geochronology shows the magnetite-hornblende lodes at Cairn Hill were formed at ca. 1580 Ma at amphibolite facies conditions. The magnetite lodes are crosscut by ca. 1515 Ma granitic dikes. A second high-temperature event is recorded by U-Pb monazite geochronology at ca. 1490 Ma and involved deformation and metamorphism along the Cairn Hill shear zone at conditions of 4.6 to 5.3 kbar and 740° to 770°C. The 1490 Ma event reworked the iron lodes and 1515 Ma granitic dikes. However, Cu mineralization at Cairn Hill occurs in brittle fractures and quartz-biotite veins, overprinting the 1490 Ma deformation and metamorphism. Despite a spatial association between magnetite and Cu, the long thermal history that affected magnetite mineralization and the clear petrographic links between magnetite and high-temperature granulite facies minerals contrast with the late, low-temperature hydrothermal Cu mineralization and indicate the two are not paragenetically related. Therefore, the spatial but not temporal association between magnetite and Cu has effectively overlain two distinct episodes of mineralization to create the Fe-Cu deposit observed today. Although this fits within the broad IOCG deposit family, exploration strategies for Cairn Hill-style composite deposits should be distinct from IOCG deposits with cogenetic Fe and Cu.
Learning from Covid-19; lessons for healthcare staff wellbeing
Authors: McBride Laura , Dempsey Ciara , Corrigan JP
Published: October 2023

This article explores the reflections of psychologists from working with healthcare staff on the frontline during the Covid-19 pandemic. The psychological impact of the pandemic on healthcare staff is discussed using a compassion-based approach. Consideration is given to possible lessons to take forward from this time to psychologically protect staff against potential future periods of crisis and the ongoing difficulties facing health service organisations.
The application of human rights principles by clinical psychologists
Authors: Eliatamby Anna
Published: October 2023

Our work is based on a desire to serve and provide services to those in need. And there is a concern for social justice. How we work professionally is guided by our professional standards which incorporate key elements of human rights principles.

These principles should underpin all aspects of the work of clinical psychologists and their organisations. While it is easy to articulate them, it is their operationalisation that can be difficult. The article contains some reflections based on my experience when working in the NHS, other health services, the Red Cross and Red Crescent and the UN (Peacekeeping) and IOM (UN Migration).
Frontline employees are ready to accept smart energy-saving technologies, especially when they are engaged at work and when they are concerned about climate change
Authors: Jolles Daniel , Holford Dawn , Juanchich Marie , Buchanan Kathryn , Piccoli Beatrice
Published: October 2023

As major carbon emitters, organisations have an important role to play in tackling the climate change crisis and reducing energy waste. To date, the contribution of occupational psychology to reducing carbon emissions has been limited, but there are increasing opportunities to direct our competencies towards helping build more environmentally sustainable organisations. The emergence of new technologies such as smart-apps provides a potential tool for helping workers reduce energy use, however there is little understanding of employees’ willingness to adopt these technologies. We surveyed frontline workers in retail (N = 402) and healthcare (N = 402) sectors to understand their readiness to accept mobile energy saving applications in their workplace. The results show that overall, there is strong readiness among employees to accept and use these technologies. Additionally, readiness to accept mobile energy saving applications at work is strongest for employees with higher work engagement or higher concern for climate change risks. We discuss the applied implications of these findings for occupational psychology practitioners to help organisations become more sustainable.
Developing academic coaches: The efficacy of psychometric tests for cultivating ‘business ready’ graduates
Authors: Hunter-Hill Michelle
Published: October 2023

This scientist-practitioner study investigated the effectiveness of psychometric-informed academic coaching sessions for cultivating ‘business ready’ graduates. Sixty undergraduate student coaches consented to evaluate the academic coaching provision, which comprised both coaching sessions and materials. Materials included Business Graduate Work Readiness Scale (BGWRS), Occupational Interests Profile (OIP), and Competency Evidence Log (CEL); provided by 10 trained academic coaches, trained in coaching skills, and psychometric test use. Multi-methods were used to gather data. This included a focus group interview, reflective essays, and evaluation forms. Findings suggest that psychometric knowledge helped to raise coach’s self-awareness, and understanding of careers that would fit their personality, including the knowledge and skills they should develop to ensure their readiness.
Lesbians and cervical screening: Preliminary results from a UK survey of lesbian health
Authors: Fish Julie , Wilkinson Sue
Published: October 2023

Concerns about lesbians” risk of cervical cancer and their access to cervical screening has become a central issue for researchers in lesbian health because little is known about the nature of lesbians” participation in the screening programme. This paper draws on data collected for the Lesbians and Health Care Survey - which received responses from 1066 lesbians living throughout the UK In contrast to commonly held beliefs about lesbians” nonparticipation in screening, more than half of the sample (54 per cent, n=575) say they attend for smears on a regular basis. The data were analysed for recurrent themes cited as reasons for their attendance and these were identified as: “early detection” “prompted by the service” “sexual experiences” and “experiences of abnormal smears” The findings may be of value to lesbians in making decisions about their health care behaviour and in assessing their risk of cervical cancer. The implications for policy making in lesbians” sexual health are discussed.
Investigation of The Possible Effects of COVID-19 on HbA1c Levels of Adults without Diabetes: A Retrospective Research
Authors:   Health Services Vocational School, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey, Ozturk Deniz , Sahin Yılmaz ,   Health Services Vocational School, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey, Askin Seda ,   Health Services Vocational School, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey, Kerget Bugra ,   Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey, Celik Muhammet ,   Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
Published: October 2023

Objective: To retrospectively investigate the possible effects of COVID-19 disease on the hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels of non-diabetic adults. Methods: This study was carried out by scanning the files of 19 non-diabetic adult men and 15 women diagnosed with COVID-19, aged 18-80, who applied to Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University between 2018-2022. Results: After screening, the HbA1c levels of the participants were recorded both before and three months after the diagnosis of COVID-19. The paired samples t-test was used to compare the variations in HbA1c values before and after COVID-19 in both male and female participants. The significance level was evaluated as P<0.05. As a result of statistical analysis, the present study demonstrated that the total HbA1c values of both male and female participants increased significantly after COVID-19 (P<0.05). In addition, it was observed that the total HbA1c value augmented after COVID-19 compared to before the COVID-19 period, regardless of gender. Conclusion:The HbA1c levels of adults without non-diabetic have increased after COVID-19 disease. It may result in a negative reflection on the glycemic profiles of the participants.
Investigation of an Autonomous Vehicle's using Artificial Neural Network (ANN)
Authors:   School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK., Varghese Abel , Marri Mahendher ,   School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK., Chacko Dr. Sibi ,   School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
Published: October 2023

This paper presents a study of autonomous vehicles on a normal highway in UAE, using MATLAB/Simulink® 2022. There is great potential for autonomous vehicles to improve the safety and efficiency of transportation, enhance the quality of time spent in cars, and make transportation more accessible to everyone. The vehicles utilized in the study have three different speeds 40, 80, and 120 km/hr. All vehicles modelled are representative of that available in the UAE. In the model, lane following and lane-keeping assistance functions and Simulink block which are described using artificial neural networks are selected. Simulation is validated with existing published results of physical vehicle models. In the simulations, it is assumed that vehicles have minimal steering angles as the system is in an autonomous collision free environment, selected from MATLAB. Results are obtained as velocities, accelerations, and safe distance with respect to the preceding vehicle. The following results are critically analyzed and validated.
IDENTIFICATION OF RISK FACTORS FOR URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN PATIENTS WITH UROLITHIASIS
Authors: RIZWAN A , SHAHJEHAN . , GHOUS G , ALI W , GORAYA IS , HANIF U
Published: October 2023

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common among patients with urolithiasis, making treatment complicated and even dangerous. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with UTIs in urolithiasis patients. A retrospective study was conducted at Mayo Hospital Lahore, which included 300 patients with kidney stones. The patients were separated into two groups: those with UTIs and those without. Various factors were examined, including age, gender, smoking history, stone structure, alcohol use, stone location, and presence of blockages in the urinary tract. Out of the 300 patients, 73 (24.33%) had UTIs. The most common pathogens found in the urine cultures were gram-negative bacteria, followed by gram-positive bacteria and fungi. The study concluded that gender, age, blockages in the urinary tract, stone structure, and multiple stone locations could be considered independent risk factors for UTIs in urolithiasis patients. However, no statistically significant relationship was found between drinking and smoking and the incidence of UTIs. The most common organism found in UTIs among urolithiasis patients was a gram-negative bacillus.
Common Infectious and Parasitic Diseases in Goats of Tropical Africa and their Impacts on Production Performance: A Review
Authors: Challaton Kétomon Pierre , Boko adoéito Cyrille , Akouedegni Coovi Guénolé , Alowanou Goué Géorcelin , Kifouly Aboudou Habirou , Hounzangbé-Adoté Mawulé Sylvie
Published: October 2023

Available scientific studies on goat diseases in tropical Africa are limited to specific regions or specific diseases. This study aimed to review scientific research findings on goat diseases in tropical Africa, focusing on their prevalence and impacts on production performance. All main diseases, such as parasitic, viral, and bacterial diseases, are included in the present study. Studies conducted in different countries have revealed high prevalence rates of gastrointestinal parasites exceeding 95%. These parasites resulted in growth retardation and reduced carcass weight at slaughter. Management of mites could decrease production and reproductive function. Trypanosomiasis led to decreased hematocrit levels, abortions, low birth weight, and high kid mortality. The prevalence of trypanosomiasis has been different across regions, ranging from 2.95% to 57.1%. Peste des Petits Ruminants has been reported in many African countries, causing significant outbreaks with seroprevalence rates ranging from 30% to 55%. Rift Valley fever was characterized by high mortality in adult goats (20-30%) and numerous abortions 2 weeks after infection, with seroprevalence rates ranging up to 25.8%. Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia indicated high morbidity (approximately 100%) and high mortality (80% to 100%), with prevalence ranging from 22% to 39% in abattoirs and from 35% to 52% in farms. Brucellosis did not affect the weight of infected animals but reduced litter size in goats and disrupts vital organs. This review highlights the extent of goat diseases in tropical Africa to determine the most appropriate prevention and control strategies.
Da multiparentalidade judicial: análise dos votos e dos efeitos do julgamento do RE 898060
Authors: Paiano Daniela Braga
Published: October 2023

Este trabalho tem por objetivo discorrer sobre a temática da multiparentalidade no âmbito judicial. Tem como escopo principal a análise do Recurso Extraordinário 898060 do Supremo Tribunal de Federal, que fixou, por meio do TEMA 622, a possibilidade da tese da multiparentalidade, com efeitos patrimoniais e extrapatrimoniais. Abordará, em um primeiro momento o caminho percorrido pelo tema até sua chegada ao STF, trazendo, aqui, os primeiros casos. Na sequência, será analisado os principais pontos da tese e os argumentos do entendimento prevalecente e a análise dos votos vencidos. Ao final, trata dos efeitos do julgamento e sua discussão doutrinária. Utiliza-se do método dedutivo trazendo os aspectos gerais do tema para então adentrar no julgamento em específico com a análise doutrinária.
Novas tecnologias e o conceito de ser humano: uma problematização a partir do CRISPR
Authors: Grubba Leilane Serratine , Tocchetto Gabriel Zanatta
Published: October 2023

Partindo do problema: É verificável a necessidade de construção de um conceito objetivo de ‘humano’ frente aos desafios que a Inteligência Artificial e a edição gênica apresentam ao Direito no século XXI?; o trabalho objetiva questionar a ideia de humano pressuposta pela sociedade dentro de um contexto no qual esse conceito passa por uma possível necessidade de readequação. Os objetivos específicos, desenvolvidos são tratar do conceito de humano frente a inteligência artificial (1), e frente às possibilidades apresentadas pela tecnologia do CRISPR (2). O método utilizado no trabalho é o método dedutivo e a proposta é desenvolvida através da técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica. Concluindo pela confirmação do problema-hipótese, o trabalho verifica a carência de um conceito de humano que é evidenciado pelo surgimento das novas tecnologias analisadas.
German and Romance varieties in contact in northeastern Italy
Authors: Dal Negro Silvia
Published: October 2023

Northeastern Italy offers several sites where a variety of German is in contact with Italian, Italo-Romance, or Rhaeto-Romance: All of these contact situations vary according to sociolinguistic and extralinguistic factors, such as the composition of the speech community, structure of linguistic repertoires, language status, standardization, and demography. These factors combine into more or less coherent speech community types that, in turn, constrain the typology of contact linguistic phenomena that can be observed. In this contribution, based on the trilingual region of South Tyrol, a few emblematic case studies will be discussed focusing on insertional mechanisms that occur in speech. Based on the outcomes of a larger research project and drawing on various corpora of conversational data, quantitative and qualitative aspects of this contact situation will be explored in more detail.