bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adipose tissue-derived free fatty acids initiate myeloid cell accumulation in mouse liver in states of lipid oversupply
Authors: Harmon Daniel B. , Wu Chao , Dedousis Nikolaos , Sipula Ian J. , Stefanovic-Racic Maja , Schoiswohl Gabriele , O’Donnell Christopher P. , Alonso Laura C. , Kershaw Erin E. , Kelley Eric E. , O’Doherty Robert M.
Published: August 2018

Accumulation of myeloid cells in the liver, notably dendritic cells (DCs) and monocytes/macrophages (MCs), is a major component of the metainflammation of obesity. However, the mechanism(s) stimulating hepatic DC/MC infiltration remain ill defined. Herein, we addressed the hypothesis that adipose tissue (AT) free fatty acids (FFAs) play a central role in the initiation of hepatic DC/MC accumulation, using a number of mouse models of altered FFA supply to the liver. In two models of acute FFA elevation (lipid infusion and fasting) hepatic DC/MC and triglycerides (TGs) but not AT DC/MC were increased without altering plasma cytokines (PCs; TNFα and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1) and with variable effects on oxidative stress (OxS) markers. However, fasting in mice with profoundly reduced AT lipolysis (AT-specific deletion of adipose TG lipase; AAKO) failed to elevate liver DC/MC, TG, or PC, but liver OxS increased. Livers of obese AAKO mice that are known to be resistant to steatosis were similarly protected from inflammation. In high-fat feeding studies of 1, 3, 6, or 20-wk duration, liver DC/MC accumulation dissociated from PC and OxS but tracked with liver TGs. Furthermore, decreasing OxS by ~80% in obese mice failed to decrease liver DC/MC. Therefore, FFA and more specifically AT-derived FFA stimulate hepatic DC/MC accumulation, thus recapitulating the pathology of the obese liver. In a number of cases the effects of FFA can be dissociated from OxS and PC but match well with liver TG, a marker of FFA oversupply.
Superresolution Reconstruction of Electrical Equipment Incipient Fault
Authors: Wang Manran , Guo Li , Chen Jinhao , Lv Bingqi , Yang Yang
Published: August 2018

With the rapid development of industry and technology, the electrical power system becomes more complex and the electrical equipment becomes more diverse. Defective equipment is often the cause of industrial accidents and electrical injuries, which can result in serious injuries, such as electrocution, burns, and electrical shocks. In some cases, electrical equipment fault may result in death. However, in some special situation, some fault is very small even invisible, such as equipment aging, holes, and cracks, so the detection of these incipient faults is difficult or even impossible. These potential incipient faults become the biggest hidden danger in the electrical equipment and electricity power system. For these reasons, this paper proposes a superresolution reconstruction method for electrical equipment incipient fault to ensure complete detection in electrical equipment, which aims to guarantee the security of electrical power system operation and industry production. Experimental results show that this method can get a state-of-the-art reconstruction effect of incipient fault, so as to provide reliable fault detection of electrical power system.
Preemptive Analgesia in Total Knee Arthroplasty: Comparing the Effects of Single Dose Combining Celecoxib with Pregabalin and Repetition Dose Combining Celecoxib with Pregabalin: Double-Blind Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Lubis Andri M. T. , Rawung Rangga B. V. , Tantri Aida R.
Published: August 2018

Acute pain is the most common early complication after total knee arthroplasty causing delayed mobilization and increased demands of morphine, leading to higher operative cost. Several studies have assessed the effectiveness, side-effects, and ease of use of various analgesics. Preemptive analgesia with combined celecoxib and pregabalin has been reported to yield positive outcomes. In this randomized, double-blind controlled clinical trial, 30 subjects underwent surgery for total knee arthroplasty using 15-20mg bupivacaine 5% epidural anesthesia. All subjects were divided into three groups. Group 1 was given celecoxib 400mg and pregabalin 150mg 1 hour before the operation, Group 2 was given celecoxib 200mg and pregabalin 75mg twice daily starting from 3 days before the operation, and Group 3 was given a placebo. The outcome was measured with Visual Analog Scale, knee range of motion, and postoperative mobilization. There was a significant difference in postoperative morphine usage between the groups that were administered with preemptive analgesia and the placebo group, but no significant difference was found between Group 1 and Group 2 that were given preemptive analgesia at different doses. ROM and postoperative mobilization were not significantly different among the three groups. Two patients in the first group, one patient in the second group, and one patient in the third group developed nausea. Preemptive analgesia is proven to reduce postoperative usage of morphine independent of the dosage. We recommend the use of combined celecoxib and pregabalin as preemptive analgesia after the total knee arthroplasty procedure. This trial is registered with NCT03523832 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
Buckling Behavior of Metallic Cylindrical Shell Structures Strengthened with CFRP Composite
Authors: Draidi Z. , Bui T. T. , Limam A. , Tran H. V. , Bennani A.
Published: August 2018

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of a CFRP composite layer on the buckling behavior of metallic cylindrical shells. To enhance the bearing capacity of steel shells, classical solutions consider internal or external metallic stiffeners (stringers and/or rings) welded or riveted to the shell. Here, an external skin of composite material which wraps the whole metallic skin of the shell is studied. To be valid for metallic shells structures (storage tanks like silos) as well as for metal pipes (gas or oil pipeline), the procedure for setting up and implementing the composite must be simple. The recommended solution is therefore tested through experimental tests to find their limits and the configuration of optimal behavior. A consistent enhancement of bearing capacity is observed. This experimental base serves also to consolidate a numerical model which corroborates the experimental results. The good correlation between experimental and numerical results is confirmed for the whole loading process, for unstiffened and stiffened shells. For metallic unstiffened shell, an adequacy between experiment and simulation is noticed in the mainly membrane precritical behavior, during the buckling initiation characterized by the boundary layer problem corresponding to axisymmetric wavelength appearance near boundaries and in the postcritical domain associated to localization of the buckling mode at one extremity of the shell. For stiffened configuration, the enhancement of the bearing capacity of the shell is correctly gauged; this confirms the possibility to use finite element simulation for the design.
Droplet Impact Phenomena in Fluidized Bed Coating Process with a Wurster Insert
Authors: Havaić T. , Đumbir A.-M. , Gretić M. , Matijašić G. , Žižek K.
Published: August 2018

The aim of this study is to determine favorable process conditions for the coating of placebo tablets. Tablets made of microcrystalline cellulose are coated with hydroxypropyl cellulose polymer and Advantia™ Prime polymeric mixture film in lab-scale fluid-bed environment with a Wurster tube. In order to determine favorable process conditions (concentration, Wurster tube position, inlet air temperature, and atomization pressure), evaluation factors expressing process efficiency were calculated. Stereomicroscopy analysis provided good results with respect to the coating layer adherence and consistency. Results showed that the increased number of the coating cycles contributes to the desired featureless film morphology, when sufficiently high temperature and pressure are applied, thus resulting in high intra- and intertablet uniformity. Additionally, this paper analyzes the coating process from a mechanistic perspective of the underlying phenomena occurring on a tablet surface. Provided diagrams can help efficiently in detecting proper conditions that will result in coated tablets with strictly defined aimed properties. Process and formulation properties synergically result in a preferential occurrence of a deposition mechanism for all experiments conducted. Moreover, collision is found as a prevalent impact regime for the coating process studied. Finally, our intention here is to correlate hydrodynamic conditions and droplet breakup occurrence with a droplet diameter.
Public Transit Loyalty Modeling Considering the Effect of Passengers’ Emotional Value: A Case Study in Xiamen, China
Authors: Sun Shi-chao
Published: August 2018

To better sustain passengers’ loyalty towards bus service, this paper addressed the modeling of the public transit loyalty by the use of structural equation model. As a novel hypothesis, the emotional value was considered to have effects on the perceived value of bus services in this study, which reflected the degree of passengers’ emotional dependence on the public transit. Specifically, in order to better assess the loyalty, seven unobserved variables were measured to construct the structural model, namely, “service guarantee,” “operational services and efficiency,” “emotional value,” “perceived value,” “expectation,” “satisfaction,” and “loyalty.” The goodness-of-fit of the model was estimated and evaluated by using the survey data harvested from Xiamen, China. Besides, the index score of variables was also computed to help determine targeted approaches to better improve the level of bus service. The results indicated that the time cost and the monetary cost actually had no effects on the perceived value of users in the case study. At the same time, however, it also proved that passengers’ emotional value towards the public transit indeed affected passengers’ perception of the service value. In addition, whether users’ perceived value was as expected determined how much passengers satisfied with the service. Regarding the index score of variables, it indicated a great dissatisfaction of passengers towards the current bus service. Unexpectedly, the score of loyalty even still retained a relatively high level, which reflected continue-to-use willingness of passengers. It implied that being subject to economic conditions and other factors, passengers were captive and had to continue relying on the public transit, in spite of their dissatisfaction. As for the improvement direction of bus services, targeted approaches should be determined to improve the quality of bus service, regarding the aspects of “condition of facilities in the bus,” “driving stability and comfort,” “vehicle speed,” and “safety.”
Exosomes Derived from miR‐214‐Enriched Bone Marrow‐Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Regulate Oxidative Damage in Cardiac Stem Cells by Targeting CaMKII
Authors: Wang Yan , Zhao Ranzun , Liu Debin , Deng Wenwen , Xu Guanxue , Liu Weiwei , Rong Jidong , Long Xianping , Ge Junbo , Shi Bei
Published: August 2018

Cardiac stem cells (CSCs) have emerged as one of the most promising stem cells for cardiac protection. Recently, exosomes from bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been found to facilitate cell proliferation and survival by transporting various bioactive molecules, including microRNAs (miRs). In this study, we found that BMSC‐derived exosomes (BMSC‐exos) significantly decreased apoptosis rates and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in CSCs after oxidative stress injury. Moreover, a stronger effect was induced by exosomes collected from BMSCs cultured under hypoxic conditions (Hypoxic‐exos) than those collected from BMSCs cultured under normal conditions (Nor‐exos). We also observed greater miR‐214 enrichment in Hypoxic‐exos than in Nor‐exos. In addition, a miR‐214 inhibitor or mimics added to modulate miR‐214 levels in BMSC‐exos revealed that exosomes from miR‐214‐depleted BMSCs partially reversed the effects of hypoxia‐induced exosomes on oxidative damage in CSCs. These data further confirmed that miR‐214 is the main effector molecule in BMSC‐exos that protects CSCs from oxidative damage. miR‐214 mimic and inhibitor transfection assays verified that CaMKII is a target gene of miR‐214 in CSCs, with exosome‐pretreated CSCs exhibiting increased miR‐214 levels but decreased CaMKII levels. Therefore, the miR‐214/CaMKII axis regulates oxidative stress‐related injury in CSCs, such as apoptosis, calcium homeostasis disequilibrium, and excessive ROS accumulation. Collectively, these findings suggest that BMSCs release miR‐214‐containing exosomes to suppress oxidative stress injury in CSCs through CaMKII silencing.
Pericardial Fat Relates to Disturbances of Glucose Metabolism in Women with the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, but Not in Healthy Control Subjects
Authors: Leutner Michael , Göbl Christian , Wolf Peter , Maruszczak Katharina , Bozkurt Latife , Steinbrecher Helmut , Just-Kukurova Ivica , Ott Johannes , Egarter Christian , Trattnig Siegfried , Kautzky-Willer Alexandra
Published: August 2018

Objective. The objective of the present study is to investigate the relationship of cardiac fat depots with disturbances of the carbohydrate metabolism in women with PCOS. Methods. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was realized, and metabolic parameters were collected in 48 women with PCOS and in 20 controls. Intramyocardial fat (MYCL) and pericardial fat (PERI) were measured using 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging. Results. Only in PCOS women, PERI was positively and independently related to parameters of glucose metabolism (HbA1c: p=0.001, fasting plasma glucose: p<0.001, stimulated glucose at 30 and 60 minutes in the OGTT). Thus, the disposition index, insulin sensitivity, and adiponectin also declined with the increase of PERI in women with PCOS; however, these results were not independent of BMI and age. In addition, PERI was positively related to atherogenic lipid profiles, BMI, waist circumference, CRP, and liver fat in women with PCOS. A negative relation of PERI with triglycerides and a positive relation with BMI and waist circumference could be observed in the controls. No relationship of MYCL with diabetes-specific parameters could be found in the study population. Conclusion. PERI is related to metabolic disturbances in women with PCOS, but not in metabolically healthy lean subjects. This clinical trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov and has the registration number NCT03204461.
Resonant Integral Boundary Value Problems for Caputo Fractional Differential Equations
Authors: Ma Wenjie , Meng Shuman , Cui Yujun
Published: August 2018

This paper deals with the following Caputo fractional differential equations with Riemann-Stieltjes integral boundary conditions Dc0+αut=ft,ut,u′t,u′′t,  t∈0,1,  u0=u′′0=0,  u1=∫01‍utdAt, where Dc0+α denotes the standard Caputo derivative, α∈(2,3]; ∫01x(t)dA(t) denotes the Riemann-Stieltjes integrals of x with respect to A. By mean of coincidence degree theory, we obtain the existence of solutions for the above fractional BVP at resonance. In the end, according to the main results, we give a typical example.
Thermophysics Simulation of Laser Recrystallization of High-Ge-Content SiGe on Si Substrate
Authors: Zhang Chao , Song Jianjun , Zhang Jie , Liu Shulin
Published: August 2018

The high-Ge-content SiGe material on the Si substrate can be applied not only to electronic devices but also to optical devices and is one of the focuses of research and development in the field. However, due to the 4.2% lattice mismatch between Si and Ge, the epitaxial growth of the high-Ge-content SiGe epitaxial layer directly on the Si substrate has a high defect density, which will seriously affect the subsequent device performance. Laser recrystallization technique is a fast and low-cost method to effectively reduce threading dislocation density (TDD) in epitaxial high-Ge-content SiGe films on Si. In this paper, by means of finite element numerical simulation, a 808 nm laser recrystallization thermal physics model of a high-Ge-content SiGe film (for example, Si0.2Ge0.8) on a Si substrate was established (temperature distribution physical model of Si0.2Ge0.8 epitaxial layer under different laser power, Si0.2Ge0.8 epitaxial layer thickness, and initial temperature). The results of this paper can provide important technical support for the preparation of high-quality high-Ge-content SiGe epilayers on Si substrates by laser recrystallization.
Dynamics and Stability Analysis of a Brucellosis Model with Two Discrete Delays
Authors: Lolika Paride O. , Mushayabasa Steady
Published: August 2018

We present a mathematical model for brucellosis transmission that incorporates two discrete delays and culling of infected animals displaying signs of brucellosis infection. The first delay represents the incubation period while the second account for the time needed to detect and cull infectious animals. Feasibility and stability of the model steady states have been determined analytically and numerically. Further, the occurrence of Hopf bifurcation has been established. Overall the findings from the study, both analytical and numerical, suggest that the two delays can destabilize the system and periodic solutions can arise through Hopf bifurcation.
The Effects of Traffic Composition on Freeway Crash Frequency by Injury Severity: A Bayesian Multivariate Spatial Modeling Approach
Authors: Wen Huiying , Sun Jiaren , Zeng Qiang , Zhang Xuan , Yuan Quan
Published: August 2018

This study sets out to investigate the effects of traffic composition on freeway crash frequency by injury severity. A crash dataset collected from Kaiyang Freeway, China, is adopted for the empirical analysis, where vehicles are divided into five categories and crashes are classified into no injury and injury levels. In consideration of correlated spatial effects between adjacent segments, a Bayesian multivariate conditional autoregressive model is proposed to link no-injury and injury crash frequencies to the risk factors, including the percentages of different vehicle categories, daily vehicle kilometers traveled (DVKT), and roadway geometry. The model estimation results show that, compared to Category 5 vehicles (e.g., heavy truck), larger percentages of Categories 1 (e.g., passenger car) and 3 (e.g., medium truck) vehicles would lead to less no-injury crashes and more injury crashes. DVKT, horizontal curvature, and vertical grade are also found to be associated with no-injury and/or injury crash frequencies. The significant heterogeneous and spatial effects for no-injury and injury crashes justify the applicability of the proposed model. The findings are helpful to understand the relationship between traffic composition and freeway safety and to provide suggestions for designing strategies of vehicle safety improvement.
Numerical Study on Seismic Behavior of Underwater Bridge Columns Strengthened with Prestressed Precast Concrete Panels and Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforcements
Authors: Tang Yu , Wu Gang , Sun Zeyang
Published: August 2018

The seismic performance of the bridge column, such as pier or pile, is a time-dependent property which may decrease in resistance to the deterioration or natural hazards along the structure’s service life. The most effective strengthened method for degraded bridge columns is the jacketing method, which has been widely developed and investigated through numerous studies since the 1980s. This paper presented a modeling method, as well as a comprehensive parametric study, on seismic performance of bridge columns strengthened by a newly developed strengthening method with prestressed precast concrete panels and fiber-reinforced polymer reinforcements (PPCP-FRP). A modeling method of bridge columns strengthened with PPCP-FRP was first presented and validated with test results. The influence of design parameters, such as axial load ratio, equivalent FRP reinforcement ratio rate (EQFRR), expansion ratio, and shear span ratio of strengthened columns, were then further evaluated in terms of lateral load capacity, ductility, energy dissipation, lateral stiffness, and residual displacement of strengthened columns. The peak load of strengthened columns increases with the increasing of EQFRR due to the unique failure model of strengthened columns characterized by the fracture of FRP bars. The initial stiffness of strengthened columns increased by 300% with the increasing of expansion ratio by 45%, and a stable postyield stiffness stage was obtained by most strengthened columns in analysis. The residual displacement of strengthened columns decreases rapidly with the increasing of EQFRR, which indicated that a better repairability could be achieved by the strengthened column with a relatively high EQFRR.
Design and Climate‐Responsiveness Performance Evaluation of an Integrated Envelope for Modular Prefabricated Buildings
Authors: Li Junjie , Lu Shuai , Wang Wanlin , Huang Jie , Chen Xinxing , Wang Jiayi
Published: August 2018

Modular prefabricated buildings effectively improve the efficiency and quality of building design and construction and represent an important trend in the development of building industrialization. However, there are still many deficiencies in the design and technology of existing systems, especially in terms of the integration of architectural performance defects that cannot respond to occupants’ comfort, flexibility, and energy‐saving requirements throughout the building’s life cycle. This research takes modular prefabricated steel structural systems as its research object and sets the detailed design of an integrated modular envelope system as the core content. First, the researcher chose two types of thermal insulation materials, high insulation panels and aerogel blankets, in order to study the construction details of integrated building envelopes for modular prefabricated buildings. Focusing on the weakest heat point, the thermal bridge at the modular connection point, this work used construction design and research to build an experimental building and full‐scale model; the goal was to explore and verify the feasibility of the climate‐responsive construction technique called “reverse install.” Second, as a response to climate change, building facades were dynamically adjusted by employing different modular building envelope units such as sunshades, preheaters, ventilation, air filtration, pest control, and other functional requirements in order to improve the building’s climate adaptability. Finally, based on the above structural design and research, this study verified the actual measurements and simulation, as well as the sustainability performance of the structure during the operational phase, and provided feedback on the design. The results highlight the environmental performance of each construction detail and optimized possibilities for an integrated envelope design for modular prefabricated buildings during both the design and renovation phases.
Oral Alpha, Beta, and Gamma HPV Types and Risk of Incident Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Agalliu Ilir , Chen Zigui , Wang Tao , Hayes Richard B. , Freedman Neal D. , Gapstur Susan M. , Burk Robert D.
Published: August 2018

Background: Several studies have examined association between human papillomaviruses (HPV) and esophageal cancer, but results have been inconsistent. This is the first prospective study to investigate associations between α, β and γ HPV detection in the oral cavity and risk of esophageal cancer.

Methods: We conducted a nested case–control study among 96,650 cancer-free participants in the American Cancer Society Cancer Prevention Cohort and the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Incident esophageal cancer cases (n = 125) were identified during an average 3.9 years of follow-up. Three controls per case (n = 372) were selected and matched on age, sex, race/ethnicity, and time since mouthwash collection. α, β, and γ HPV DNA in oral samples were detected using a next-generation sequencing assay. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate OR and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for smoking and alcohol consumption. Statistical significance was evaluated using permutation test.

Results: Prevalence of oral α, β, and γ HPV was 18.4%, 64.8%, and 42.4% in cases and 14.3%, 55.1%, and 33.6% in controls, respectively. Oral HPV16 detection was not associated with esophageal cancer (OR = 0.54, 95% CI, 0.1–4.84) and none of the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cases (n = 28) were HPV16 positive. Some oral HPV types were more common in cases than controls; however, none of the associations were statistically significant.

Conclusions: Although HPVs in the oral cavity are very common, this study showed no evidence of association between oral HPVs and esophageal cancer.

Impact: Oral HPVs may not contribute to risk of esophageal cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(10); 1168–75. ©2018 AACR.
Loss of Function of Canonical Notch Signaling Drives Head and Neck Carcinogenesis
Authors: Nyman Patrick E. , Buehler Darya , Lambert Paul F.
Published: August 2018

Purpose:

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), a common cancer worldwide, is etiologically associated with tobacco use, high alcohol consumption, and high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV). The Notch signaling pathway, which is involved in cell differentiation decisions with differential downstream targets and effects depending on tissue type and developmental stage, has been implicated in human HNSCC. NOTCH1 is among the most frequently mutated genes in both HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC. These mutations are predicted to inactivate the function of Notch. Other studies have argued the opposite—Notch signaling is increased in HNSCC.

Experimental Design:

To assess the role of Notch signaling in HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC, we utilized genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models for conventional keratinizing HNSCC, in which either HPV16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins or a gain-of-function mutant p53 are expressed, and in which we inactivated canonical Notch signaling via expression of a dominant negative form of MAML1 (DNMAML1), a required transcriptional coactivator of Notch signaling.

Results:

Loss of canonical Notch signaling increased tumorigenesis in both contexts and also caused an increase in nuclear β-catenin, a marker for increased tumorigenic potential. When combined with loss of canonical Notch signaling, HPV oncogenes led to the highest frequency of cancers overall and the largest number of poorly differentiated (high-grade) cancers.

Conclusions:

These findings inform on the contribution of loss of canonical Notch signaling in head and neck carcinogenesis.
Increased Synthesis of MCL-1 Protein Underlies Initial Survival of EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer to EGFR Inhibitors and Provides a Novel Drug Target
Authors: Song Kyung-A , Hosono Yasuyuki , Turner Crystal , Jacob Sheeba , Lochmann Timothy L. , Murakami Yoshiko , Patel Neha U. , Ham Jungoh , Hu Bin , Powell Krista M. , Coon Colin M. , Windle Brad E. , Oya Yuko , Koblinski Jennifer E. , Harada Hisashi , Leverson Joel D. , Souers Andrew J. , Hata Aaron N. , Boikos Sosipatros , Yatabe Yasushi , Ebi Hiromichi , Faber Anthony C.
Published: August 2018

Purpose: EGFR inhibitors (EGFRi) are effective against EGFR-mutant lung cancers. The efficacy of these drugs, however, is mitigated by the outgrowth of resistant cells, most often driven by a secondary acquired mutation in EGFR, T790M. We recently demonstrated that T790M can arise de novo during treatment; it follows that one potential therapeutic strategy to thwart resistance would be identifying and eliminating these cells [referred to as drug-tolerant cells (DTC)] prior to acquiring secondary mutations like T790M.

Experimental Design: We have developed DTCs to EGFRi in EGFR-mutant lung cancer cell lines. Subsequent analyses of DTCs included RNA-seq, high-content microscopy, and protein translational assays. Based on these results, we tested the ability of MCL-1 BH3 mimetics to combine with EGFR inhibitors to eliminate DTCs and shrink EGFR-mutant lung cancer tumors in vivo.

Results: We demonstrate surviving EGFR-mutant lung cancer cells upregulate the antiapoptotic protein MCL-1 in response to short-term EGFRi treatment. Mechanistically, DTCs undergo a protein biosynthesis enrichment resulting in increased mTORC1-mediated mRNA translation of MCL-1, revealing a novel mechanism in which lung cancer cells adapt to short-term pressures of apoptosis-inducing kinase inhibitors. Moreover, MCL-1 is a key molecule governing the emergence of early EGFR-mutant DTCs to EGFRi, and we demonstrate it can be effectively cotargeted with clinically emerging MCL-1 inhibitors both in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusions: Altogether, these data reveal that this novel therapeutic combination may delay the acquisition of secondary mutations, therefore prolonging therapy efficacy. Clin Cancer Res; 24(22); 5658–72. ©2018 AACR.
Effect of Yoga Therapy on Symptoms of Anxiety in Cancer Patients
Authors: Hardoerfer Katrin , Jentschke Elisabeth
Published: August 2018

Background: Many cancer patients suffer from symptoms of anxiety, depression, and fatigue. Supportive treatments are increasingly used to alleviate distress in cancer. In this study, the effects of yoga on these symptoms are examined. Methods: We performed a randomized controlled study on cancer patients with mixed diagnoses comparing yoga therapy with a waiting list control group. We measured anxiety symptoms with the General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale, depressive symptoms with the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2), and fatigue with the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Fatigue scale (EORTC QLQ-FA13). Yoga therapy was carried out in weekly sessions of 60 min each for 8 weeks. The program provided restrained body and breathing exercises as well as meditation. The control group did not receive any yoga therapy while on the waiting list. Results: A total of 70 subjects participated in the study. Anxiety was significantly reduced by the yoga therapy in the intervention group compared to the control group (p = 0.005). However, yoga therapy did not show any significant effects on depression (p = 0.21) and fatigue (p = 0.11) compared to the control group. Conclusion: Yoga therapy may be used to alleviate anxiety symptoms in cancer patients and should be the subject of further research.
Retrospective Analyses of Systemic Chemotherapy and Cytoreductive Surgery for Patients with Ovarian Metastases from Colorectal Cancer: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Sekine Katsutoshi , Hamaguchi Tetsuya , Shoji Hirokazu , Takashima Atsuo , Honma Yoshitaka , Iwasa Satoru , Kato Ken , Takahashi Kenta , Kato Tomoyasu , Kanemitsu Yukihide , Boku Narikazu
Published: August 2018

Background: Ovarian metastases from colorectal cancers are relatively rare. Since most ovarian metastases are associated with metastases at other sites, the prognosis is usually poor. Few reports exist that describe the clinical course of colorectal cancer patients with ovarian metastasis, including the chemotherapy response. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of patients with ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer treated at the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, between January 2006 and December 2015. Results: Thirty-seven patients with ovarian metastases received palliative chemotherapy as first-line treatment. The objective response rate for systemic chemotherapy of ovarian metastases was significantly lower than that for other metastatic sites (23.5 vs. 63.6% for first-line, respectively, p = 0.0047). Following chemotherapy, the additional surgical resection of ovarian metastases was positively associated with longer overall survival (OS) compared to no surgical resection (43.1 vs. 17.0 months, respectively, p = 0.0016). Furthermore, cytoreductive surgery was also positively associated with longer OS, especially when other metastatic sites were well controlled. Conclusions: Ovarian metastases are less responsive to systemic chemotherapy compared to extra-ovarian metastases in patients with relapsed or metastatic colorectal cancer. Multidisciplinary treatment strategy, including systemic chemotherapy and cytoreductive surgery, may contribute to the prolongation of OS.
Fetal Brain Injury Associated with Parvovirus B19 Congenital Infection Requiring Intrauterine Transfusion
Authors: Maisonneuve Emeline , Garel Catherine , Friszer Stéphanie , Pénager Cécile , Carbonne Bruno , Pernot Françoise , Rozenberg Flore , Schnuriger Aurélie , Cortey Anne , Moutard Marie-Laure , Jouannic Jean-Marie
Published: August 2018

Background: Infection with parvovirus B19 (B19V) during pregnancy may cause severe fetal anemia, hydrops, and fe tal death. Furthermore, neurodevelopmental impairment among survivors may occur despite appropriate prenatal management, including intrauterine transfusion (IUT). Objectives: Our primary objective was to describe cerebral lesions on MRI in fetuses with severe anemia requiring IUT for B19V infection. Our secondary objective was to search for clinical and biological characteristics associated with the occurrence of such lesions. Study Design: We performed a retrospective review of data on fetuses infected with B19V and requiring at least one IUT between 2005 and 2016. Fetuses with abnormal cerebral MRI results in the 3rd trimester were compared to those with normal MRI results. Results: Of 34 transfused fetuses, 26 children were born at full term. Five intrauterine fetal deaths, 1 neonatal death, and 2 terminations of pregnancy occurred. Cerebral anomalies were observed in 7/27 fetuses on MRI, including cerebellar hemorrhage or a small cerebellum. Only viral load in fetal blood appeared to be associated with brain lesions (11.5 log10 copies/mL [10.5–12.5] in case of abnormal MRI results vs. 9.5 log10 copies/mL [7.8–10.0]; p = 0.05). Conclusions: Among the fetuses transfused for B19V infection, 26% presented with prenatal abnormal cerebral imaging results. In our study, viral load in fetal blood appeared to be the only factor associated with fetal brain lesions.
Dermoscopy of Cutaneous Lymphoproliferative Disorders: Where Are We Now?
Authors: Piccolo Vincenzo , Russo Teresa , Agozzino Marina , Vitiello Paola , Caccavale Stefano , Alfano Roberto , Argenziano Giuseppe
Published: August 2018

The prompt identification of cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders (CLD) has always been a challenge in dermatological practice, due to the rarity of this group of diseases, the heterogeneity in clinical presentation, and plenty of variants described in the literature so far. The strict cooperation between dermatologist and pathologist is the key element for the correct diagnosis of CLD deriving from the perfect integration of clinical and histopathological features. In this complex context, dermoscopy could play an adjuvant role in the achievement of the diagnosis, as it fits itself as the third diagnostic tool in the paraphernalia of the dermatologist between the clinical and histopathological examination. This review provides the state of art of dermoscopy of CLD.
Comparative Chromosome Painting in Genets (Carnivora, Viverridae, Genetta), the Only Known Feliforms with a Highly Rearranged Karyotype
Authors: Adega Filomena , Matoso Silva Raquel , Kjöllerström Helena J. , Vercammen Paul , Raudsepp Terje , Collares-Pereira Maria J. , Fernandes Carlos , do Mar Oom Maria , Chaves Raquel
Published: August 2018

Mammalian carnivores have been extensively studied by cross-species chromosome painting, which indicated a high degree of karyotypic conservatism in the cat-like suborder Feliformia relative to the ancestral carnivore karyotype (ACK). The first exception to this high degree of karyotypic conservation in feliforms was recently confirmed in genets, mesocarnivores belonging to the basal family Viverridae. Here, we present a comparative analysis of the chromosome rearrangements among 2 subspecies of the small-spotted genet Genetta genetta (the Iberian nominate and the Arabian grantii) and the panther genet G. maculata, the 2 most common and widespread genets, using whole-chromosome paints from the domestic cat (Felis catus). The chromosome homology maps and the presence of numerous interstitial telomeric sites in both genet species strengthen the hypothesis that a highly rearranged karyotype compared to the ACK may occur throughout Genetta. The karyotype of G. maculata appears to have undergone more rearrangements than that of G. genetta, which is an older lineage. Notably, we identified a tandem fusion distinguishing G. g. genetta and G. g.grantii. As G. g. grantii is morphologically and genetically distinctive, and tandem fusions have been associated with substantial postzygotic isolation in mammals, this cytogenetic finding flags the subspecies for future taxonomic investigations.
Institutionalisation of Children’s Rights: Transformability and Situated Agency
Authors: Stoecklin Daniel
Published: August 2018

In a previous article (Stoecklin, 2017), I considered the example of the “paradox of institutionalisation” (Stammers, 2013) occurring in the drafting of the General Comment on Children in Street Situations (UNCRC, 2016). The vision of children’s “living rights” as the outcome of a structured process translating specific claims into an institutionalised set of norms (Hanson and Nieuwenhuys, 2013) has been identified. Analysis of the labels used for “street children” underlines the transformability of signification, domination and legitimation in the theory of structuration (Giddens, 1979, 1984). In this article, a theory of situated agency is outlined. It provides a new framework to understand the institutionalisation of children’s rights as the dual structuration of subjects (children) and objects (rights) occuring in given contexts. This makes “rights acting children” emerge as an interdisciplinary concept.
The Eurasian Economic Union: Problems and Prospects
Authors: Verdiyeva Seljan
Published: August 2018

On 29 May 2014, during the meeting of Supreme Eurasian Economic Council, the Presidents of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan signed the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). Presently, the EAEU consists of the Russian Federation, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Armenia and the Kyrgyz Republic. Nonetheless, the EAEU is lobbying for an ambitious plan of enlargement and is aiming to expand across the entire Eurasian region. The EAEU claims to be the second union after the European Union with the deepest integration aspirations, containing similar institutions and decision-making approaches. This article argues that there are a number of challenges for the effective functioning of EAEU and that its Member States are not yet fully committed to liberalization in practice, contrary to the aspirations they are advocating.
Islam, Morality and Public Education: Religious Elements of Ethics and Etiquette in the Uzbek School Curriculum
Authors: Abdugafurova Donohon
Published: August 2018

Influenced by Arabic and Persian traditions, the plural word Ādāb in the Uzbek language (sing. adab) as a social term connotes a discipline of character development in ethics and morals. As a literary term, adab means a concept of aesthetics that teaches morality. The prevalence of the concept in Uzbek society is evidenced by the fact that there is a school subject called Odobnoma: adab studies. These elementary-school classes aim to cultivate moral uprightness, social responsibility and virtue. On the surface, the subject seems to be secular, yet a closer analysis of the themes and topics of Odobnoma reveals indirect Islamic influence. This is partly because Central Asian cultures contain Islamic teachings, which have become a part of the national understanding of morality, ethics and etiquette. This article explores the influence of these teachings from the Uzbek perspective of “national character.”
Local Politics and Patronage of a Sacred Lineage Shrine in Kazakhstan
Authors: Bigozhin Ulan
Published: August 2018

Pilgrimage to saints’ shrines is an important Islamic practice in Kazakhstan. Kazakhs go on pilgrimages seeking cures for disease, blessings for the future, and a connection to the past. Pilgrimage sites and those who control them are not, however, apolitical. The control of shrines and the business of pilgrimage are both connected to governmental nation-building policies. This paper shows that traditional shrine keepers from sacred lineages (qozha) in northern Kazakhstan seek patronage from political and economic elites in order to build, maintain, and expand shrine complexes. These patrons are often state officials who expect returns in cultural capital for investments of economic capital. The different goals of patrons and shrine-keepers occasionally lead to conflict. This paper examines one such conflict and explores what it reveals about the interplay between religion and local politics in Kazakhstan.
New insights on the taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships of the Neotropical genus Phoebis (Pieridae: Coliadinae) revealed by molecular and morphological data
Authors: MURILLO-RAMOS LEIDYS , TORRES RENZO HERNÁNDEZ , ÁGUILA RAYNER NÚÑEZ , AYAZO ROGER
Published: August 2018

Phoebis Hübner (1819) is a genus of the Neotropical subfamily Coliadinae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). The highest diversity is found in the Greater Antilles islands in the Caribbean region. Although from the taxonomic point of view, Phoebis seems to be a stable genus, there is no phylogenetic hypothesis corroborating the monophyly of the genus. In this study, we used both morphological characters and a genetic dataset consisting of one mitochondrial (COI) and three nuclear markers (RpS5, MDH, Wingless). The matrix was concatenated and analysed with parsimony under implied weights (IW). Also, the concatenated data set was analysed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference evolutionary methods, and ancestral states reconstruction with characters traditionally used for classification of Phoebis was carried out. The same topology was recovered by Parsimony, ML and BI analysis, and suggest that Phoebis is not a monophyletic genus, with Aphrissa and Rhabdodryas nested within it. Our findings allow us to consider the genera Rhabdodryas syn.rev. and Aphrissa syn.rev. to be synonyms of Phoebis. These results have implications for the systematics of Phoebis and the genera that should be accepted in Coliadinae.
Barsine paraprominens sp. nov. (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae, Lithosiini) from China, with notes on four new records
Authors: HUANG SI-YAO , JI SHU-QIN , WANG MIN , FAN XIAO-LING
Published: August 2018

New information of the genus Barsine Walker, 1854 is provided. A new species, Barsine paraprominens Huang & Wang sp. nov. is described from Pailong, SE Xizang. Four species: B. pseudomactans Volynkin & Černý, 2016, B. anomala (Elwes, 1890), B. pseudocardinalis Volynkin & Černý, 2017 and B. ustrina Černý, 2009 are recorded as new to China. The female genitalia of B. ustrina are described for the first time. Adults and genitalia of all species mentioned are illustrated.
Clarification of the type series of Amphibolurus barbatus microlepidotus Glauert, 1952 (= Pogona microlepidota) (Reptilia: Squamata: Agamidae)
Authors: ELLIS RYAN J.
Published: August 2018

Ludwig Glauert (1952, p. 168) established the name Amphibolurus barbatus microlepidotus (= Pogona microlepidota) for a new agamid species (family Agamidae) from the type locality of “Drysdale River Mission, North Kimberley”, Western Australia and listed two specimens of the Western Australian Museum (WAM) collected by “Rev. Father [Raymundus] Salinas” in July 1922 as “types”. The two registrations forming the type series presented by Glauert were WAM R591 and WAM R592, which in accordance with Article 72.1.1. of the International Code for Zoological Nomenclature (the Code; International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999) are considered syntypes. The two registrations presented by Glauert in the original publication (WAM R591–592) are in error, both registrations are associated with specimens of other species not matching the description or collection data presented by Glauert in the original description of A. b. microlepidotus. The specimen associated with WAM R591 is a Pseudonaja affinis Günther, 1872 (Serpentes: Elapidae), collected by M. Sweeting from the suburb of Leederville in Perth, Western Australia and WAM R592 a specimen of Neelaps calonotus (Duméril, Bibron, & Duméril, 1854) (Serpentes: Elapidae) collected by C. Thomas from the Perth suburb of West Guildford (now Bassendean), Western Australia (Fig. 1). The P. affinis specimen (WAM R591) is purportedly a whole specimen stored in a 75% ethanol solution; however, extensive searches failed to locate the specimen in the WAM collection and it is presumed lost or disposed of. In the early half of the 20th century, large and easily identifiable specimens were sometimes disposed following identification, registration and collection of morphological data due to their preservation and storage difficulty (see Smith 1981). The N. calonotus specimen (WAM R592) is now an alizarin-stained body in a glycol solution with skin stored separately in 75% ethanol (Fig. 1). The erroneous registration numbers provided by Glauert technically placed the name A. b. microlepidotus into synonymy with either N. calonotus or P. affinis depending on lectotype selection.
A new species of short-fingered geckos Stenodactylus (Squamata, Geckonidae) from South Iran with taxonomic notes on validity of the genus Trigonodactylus Hass, 1957
Authors: NAZAROV ROMAN A. , MELNIKOV DANIEL A. , RADJABIZADEH MEHDI , POYARKOV NIKOLAY A.
Published: August 2018

In the present study we provide evidence for the validity of the genus Trigonodactylus Hass, 1957, improve the diagnosis for this genus and describe a new species that belongs to it—Trigonodactylus persicus sp. nov., from the sand dunes in Khuzestan Province, southwestern Iran. The new species is closely related to Trigonodactylus [Stenodactylus] arabicus sensu Hass, and can be distinguished by the following morphological characteristics: small size, maximum SVL 34 mm; SVL/TailL—approximately 1:1; ventral scales roundish, weakly keeled, 54–61 longitudinal rows at midbody and 190–25 along midbody. No enlarged postmentals. Fingers and toes slightly flattened dorso-ventrally. Lateral edge of digits fringed by series of projecting triangular scales. No web between digits. No preanal and femoral pores. Dorsal color pattern formed by thin, dark, irregular vermicular patches and spots. Sometimes these dark dorsal patterns blend with each other and form transverse bands. There is a narrow, dark, longitudinal line between forelimbs and hindlimbs on lateral sides. Dark, well developed ʌ-shaped marking on snout, which continues behind orbit on tympanum region, approaches the upper ear opening and ends on the pectoral arch. Labial scales white, in some cases with grey-brown dots. Dorsal surfaces of limbs and digits with irregular dark bands. Dorsal surface of tail with 8–10 wide, dark brown bands with irregular margins, same size as alternating light bands. Ventral surface of body and limbs white, tail with dark spots that become more distinct posteriorly.
Argiope hoiseni, a new species of the spider genus Argiope (Araneae, Araneidae) from Peninsular Malaysia based on morphology and molecular analyses
Authors: TAN JI
Published: August 2018

A new species of Argiope Audouin 1826, A. hoiseni new species is described from Perak and Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia based on morphology and DNA information of the mitochondrial (16S rRNA, COI and COII) and nuclear-encoded (H3A, 18S rRNA) molecular markers. Epigynal structure suggested Argiope hoiseni to be similar to A. jinghongensis Yin, Peng & Wang 1994, A. luzona (Walckenaer 1841), A. pulchella Thorell 1881 and A. taprobanica Thorell 1887. Molecular sequence data including the new species inferred that it is monophyletic with an intraspecific variation of 0.87–3.59 % based on the 16S+COI+COII+H3A dataset. Phylogenetic analyses also revealed insights into the evolutionary lineages of Argiope species in Southeast Asia as well as corroborated recent taxonomic changes and species synonymies associated with Argiope. Two new distribution records were also reported for A. chloreis Thorell,1877 and A. doleschalli Thorell, 1873 in Peninsular Malaysia.