bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
It’s All About the IKT Approach: Three Perspectives on an Embedded Research Fellowship Comment on "CIHR Health System Impact Fellows: Reflections on ‘Driving Change’ Within the Health System"
Authors: Cassidy Christine E. , Burgess Stacy , Graham Ian D.
Published: June 2019

As a group of Health System Impact (HSI) postdoctoral fellows, Sim and colleagues offer their reflections on ‘driving change’ within the health system and present a framework for understanding the HSI fellow as an embedded researcher. Our commentary offers a different perspective of the fellow’s role by highlighting the integrated knowledge translation (IKT) approach we consider to be foundational to the fellowship experience. Further, we provide several recommendations to enhance Sim and colleagues’ framework to ensure we capture the full value of the fellowship program to the HSI fellow, health system organization, and academic institution.
Routine Vaccination for Travelers from Emerging Countries: Epidemiological Profile of a Public Travel Medicine Clinic in Sao Paulo/Brazil
Authors: Fujita Dennis Minoru , Miyaji Karina Takesaki , Lopes Marta Heloisa , de Andrade Júnior Heitor Franco , de Albuquerque Luna Expedito José
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Emerging countries have increased their presence in international travel (46.8% of travels). Pre- and post-travel consultations may provide insights about travelers’ health. Methods: A retrospective descriptive analysis of the medical data of all travelers assisted at Ambulatório dos Viajantes, a free public health clinic for travelers in São Paulo, Brazil, from January to December 2016 was performed. The patients were profiled based on post-travel consultation data and screened by gender, age according to the United Nations working-age population distribution (0-14 years, children; 15-24 years, youths; 25-65 years, working age; over 65 years, older persons), travel destination, and diseases that affected travelers. Results: In 2016 (n=280 appointments), 93.92% of clients received some type of vaccine (regular or booster dose). Post-travel consultations (n=27; 9.64%) were predominantly male (62.96% of appointments) and comprised cases of malaria (44.4%; 6 positive cases of Plasmodium falciparum, 4 positive cases of Plasmodium vivax, and 2 unclassified), fever (7.4%), AGE - acute gastroenteritis (7.4%), hepatitis A (3.7%), nausea (3.7%), insect bite (3.7%), abdominal pain (3.7%), arthralgia (3.7%), vaginal discharge (3.7%), and cases under investigation (18.5%). Brazilian travelers presented the same incidence of post-travel counseling as developed countries’ travel medicine clinics (~9%). Conclusion: Immunization in pre-travel counseling may reduce the importation of preventable infectious diseases and increase Brazilians’ traveler vaccine coverage, a current concern in the country.
Prevalence of and Trends for Dyslipidemia among Pilots from one Airline in China
Authors: Liu Tiebing , Qiu Bing , Zheng Jinling , Zhang Chanyuan , Qi Yanmin , Fan Jinhui , Li Lili , Gao Jixia
Published: June 2019

ntroduction: Most of previous studies on dyslipidemia among pilots were cross-sectional surveys which cannot explore the temporal trend of dyslipidemia, and these studies were normally conducted at least five years ago. In addition, studies focusing on pilots in Southwest China are scarce. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of and trends in dyslipidemia among pilots from an airline in Southwest China. Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence of adverse concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) among all pilots from one airline in Southwest China in 2015. Analyses of linear trends in age-adjusted prevalence of dyslipidemia were conducted overall across a 3-year period (2013, 2014, and 2015). Results: In 2015, 3.4% of participating pilots had a high TC concentration, 16.4% had a high TG concentration, 2.6% had a high LDL-C concentration, 25.1% had a low HDL-C concentration, and 33.1% had dyslipidemia. Between 2013 and 2015, there were decreasing linear trends in age-adjusted prevalence of high TG (32% vs. 19.9%; P<0.001) and dyslipidemia (51.9% vs. 38.4%; P<0.001). During this 3-year period, declining trends were also observed in age-adjusted prevalence of LDL-C (10.0% vs. 4%; P<0.001) and HDL-C (33.2% vs. 28.3%; P=0.015). However, there was no change from 2013 to 2015 in age-adjusted prevalence of high TC (2.8% vs. 5.0%; P=0.168). Conclusion: From 2013 to 2015, there were favorable trends in the prevalence of high TG, low HDL-C, high LDL-C, and overall dyslipidemia but no significant change in high TC among pilots from one airline in southwest China. The reasons for these trends need to be further explored.
The Gibeonite Gambit
Authors: Astren Fred
Published: June 2019

Embedded in the literature of Muslims, Christians, and Jews are historicized narratives that purport to rationalize and contextualize the place of minority and sectarian groups in medieval Islamic society. Among these are those that, at first reading, tell the story of an intentional fictionalizing of history on the part of a minority group with the intent to deceive Muslim authorities and thereby gain advantage. A prototype for this narrative strategy is observed in the Book of Joshua, wherein the “pagan” Gibeonites employ a ruse to secure recognition and protection from the conquering monotheistic Israelites, who had been commanded by God to exterminate pagans. Three case studies (on the Sabians of Ḥarrān, Karaite Jews, and Khaybarī Jews) reveal that similar stories in medieval Islam are often the result of co-production, a phenomenon which constitutes a kind of cultural negotiation between the dominant culture and a sub-culture; between rulers and subject peoples, between Muslims and non-Muslims, and even between competing subaltern groups. Reshaped narratives about the caliph al-Ma‘mūn, the Prophet Muḥammad, or other key figures offered narrativized permission for the dominant Muslim religion and culture to tolerate the existence of groups whose theologies or practices challenged Muslim assumptions of collectivity, and correspondingly, might or might not be otherwise deemed unacceptable. These narratives also provided subalterns a kind of myth of origin for their place in Islamic society. What is at stake in these complex interweavings of memory, history, and literary construction are the rights and duties of the subordinate groups.
Medieval Literature in Comparative Perspective
Authors: Petrocchi Alessandra
Published: June 2019

This paper provides a textual comparison of selected primary sources on medieval mathematics written in Sanskrit and medieval Latin for the first time. By emphasising literary features instead of purely mathematical ones, it attempts to shed light on a neglected area in the study of scientific treatises which concerns lexicon and argument strategies. The methodological perspective takes into account the intellectual context of knowledge production of the sources presented; the medieval Indian and Latin traditions are historically connected, in fact, by one of the most fascinating episodes in the history of knowledge transfer across cultures: the transmission of the decimal place value system. This cross-linguistic analysis compares and contrasts the versatile textuality and richness of forms defining the interplay between language and number in medieval Sanskrit and Latin works; it employs interdisciplinary methods (Philology, History of Science, and Literary Studies) and challenges disciplinary boundaries by putting side by side languages and textual cultures which are commonly treated separately. The purpose in writing this research is to expand upon recent scholarship on the Global Middle Ages by embracing an Eastern literary culture and, in doing so, to promote comparative studies which include non-European traditions. This research is intended as a further contribution to the field of Comparative Medieval Literature and Culture; it also aims to stimulate discussion on cross-linguistic and cross-cultural projects in Medieval Studies.
Construction of Genetic Linkage Maps in Multiparental Populations
Authors: Zheng Chaozhi , Boer Martin P , van Eeuwijk Fred A
Published: June 2019

Construction of genetic linkage maps has become a routine step for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL), particularly in animal and plant breeding populations. Many multiparental populations have recently been produced to increase genetic diversity and QTL mapping resolution. However, few software packages are available for map construction in these populations. In this paper, we build a general framework for the construction of genetic linkage maps from genotypic data in diploid populations, including bi- and multiparental populations, cross-pollinated (CP) populations, and breeding pedigrees. The framework is implemented as an automatic pipeline called magicMap, where the maximum multilocus likelihood approach utilizes genotypic information efficiently. We evaluate magicMap by extensive simulations and eight real datasets: one biparental, one CP, four multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC), and two nested association mapping (NAM) populations, the number of markers ranging from a few hundred to tens of thousands. Not only is magicMap the only software capable of accommodating all of these designs, it is more accurate and robust to missing genotypes and genotyping errors than commonly used packages.
Características de los planes de estudio en el desarrollo de investigación científica en la Odontología peruana
Authors: Valenzuela-Torres Olenka , Maza-Cano Stefany , Sihuay-Torres Valeria , Castro-Rodríguez Yuri
Published: June 2019

Objetivo. Describir las características de los planes de estudio de las facultades peruanas de Odontología respecto a la implementación de cursos relacionados a la investigación científica. Métodos. Estudio descriptivo que recolectó los planes de estudio de 42 facultades de Odontología vigentes en el Perú hasta el 2019. En cada plan de estudio se recolectó los datos de: tipo de universidad, cantidad de años de duración de la profesión, cantidad de asignaturas relacionadas a investigación, semestre de inicio de los cursos de investigación y cantidad de cursos relacionados a la tesis universitaria. Se realizaron comparaciones de promedios y errores estándar según tipo de universidad (públicas/privadas). Resultados. El promedio de cursos relacionados a la investigación fue de 4,5 ± 1,7; siendo la mediana de 4, con un valor mínimo de 1 y un valor máximo de 9. Las universidades públicas presentaron una mayor cantidad de asignaturas relacionadas a la investigación (5,1 ± 0,6) a diferencia de las universidades privadas que presentaron un promedio de 1,3 ± 0,2. Dos universidades privadas presentaron mayor cantidad de cursos con el término tesis en sus planes de estudio. Conclusiones. Las universidades públicas presentaron una mayor cantidad de asignaturas relacionadas a la investigación. Las universidades privadas en promedio tuvieron mayor cantidad de cursos relacionados a tesis.
Hiperplasia condilar, un enfoque actual del diagnóstico y tratamiento. Revisión de la literatura
Authors: Sedano Balbin Gabriela , Pérez Vargas Fernando , Romero Tapia Percy
Published: June 2019

La Hiperplasia condilar (HC) fue descrita inicialmente por Robert Adams en 1836. Esta patología mandibular presenta varios tipos que afectan el tamaño y la morfología ósea, alteran la oclusión y las estructuras dentolabiales, afectan indirectamente al maxilar superior, dando como resultado patrones faciales que se pueden caracterizar por: prognatismo mandibular, aumento unilateral del cóndilo, el cuello, la rama y el cuerpo, asimetría facial, disfunción de la articulación temporomandibular, desequilibrio neuromuscular y patología dolorosa miofacial. Esta condición de la HC, hace que requiera de un tratamiento multidisciplinario, que según su severidad, compete a cirujanos bucomaxilofaciales, ortodoncistas, fisioterapeutas y cirujanos plásticos. El diagnóstico de la HC se basa en la anamnesis, el examen clínico y la evaluación imagenológica, consistente en radiografías panorámica cefalométrica, tomografía macizo facial (TEM-CBCT), gammagrafía ósea y en algunos casos estudio anátomo-patológico. El propósito de esta revisión es conocer de manera detallada el comportamiento y pronóstico de esta patología de acuerdo al tipo, con la finalidad de facilitar el diagnóstico y las opciones terapéuticas, según la severidad, la edad del paciente y la patología en su forma activa o inactiva.
Endoscopic Retrieval of a Proximally Migrated Biliary Plastic Stent Using Direct per-Oral Cholangioscopy
Authors: Maselli Roberta , Troncone Edoardo , Fugazza Alessandro , Auriemma Francesco , Anderloni Andrea , Cappello Annalisa , Repici Alessandro
Published: June 2019

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Endoscopic Hemostasis of a Pleural Hemorrhage using a Hemostatic Gel
Authors: Negreanu Lucian , Chirculescu Florin , Goran Loredana
Published: June 2019

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Current and Evolving Concepts on the Pathogenesis of Diverticular Disease
Authors: Tursi Antonio
Published: June 2019

Background & Aims: Diverticulosis of the colon is the most common anatomic alteration of the human colon, and it is characterized by the out-pouching of the colonic mucosa and submucosa through the muscular layer. Recurrent abdominal pain is experienced by about 20% of patients with diverticulosis, and inflammation of diverticula may lead to acute diverticulitis. In the past few years, several studies have investigated the factors predisposing or triggering diverticular disease (DD) occurrence. Moreover, new physiopathological knowledge has been acquired. The aim of this study was to review current knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of DD. Methods: A search of PubMed and EMBASE database was performed to identify articles relevant to the pathogenesis of DD. Results: Several papers have shown that genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and colonic dysmotility are implicated in the pathogenesis of DD. More recent studies have associated specific host immune responses, gut microbiota imbalance and therefore low-grade inflammation as contributors to symptom occurrence in DD and diverticulitis. Conclusions: Current and evolving evidence highlighted the role of genetic susceptibility, environment, colonic motility, visceral sensitivity, immune response, and microbiota in the pathogenesis of this disease. Further studies are required to identify potential targets for medical or surgical decision-making.
Lipidomic signatures of colonic inflammatory bowel diseases: a pilot study
Authors: Tefas Cristian , Socaciu Carmen , Moraru Corina , Tanțău Marcel
Published: June 2019

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Value Development as an Indicator of Personal Readiness for Self-Realization Among Starting Researchers
Authors: Bokhan Tatiana G. , Shabalovskaya Marina V. , Galazhinskaya Oksana N. , Atamanova Inna V.
Published: June 2019

Introduction. The article for the first time presents the results of the study concerned with the starting scientists’ value development in relation to their dominant experiences during their research activity. An increasing interest of young people in science motivates studying value-semantic and activity aspects of the starting researchers’ milieu to determine conditions for developing their research competence, resources for coping with arising objective and subjective difficulties that can reduce their motivation for research and lead to the formation of negative mental states and renunciation of scientific activity. The aim of the study is to identify specific features of post-graduate students’ value development in relation to their emotions and meanings of dominant experiences while they do their resear ch.
Materials and Methods. M. Rokeach’s Value Survey (extended interpretation by M. S. Yanitskiy, A. V. Seryi); the semantic differential technique (Ch. Osgood); classification of emotions by E. P. Ilyin; and content analysis were used in this study. The data underwent statistical processing, including frequency analysis and the Kruskal-Wallis H and Jonckheere-Terpstra nonparametric tests.
Results. Three groups of post-graduate students with different varieties of value development were identified. Dominant terminal and instrumental values among doctoral students with different variants of value development were specified. Semantic categories of post-graduate students’ dominant experiences during their research are highlighted.
Discussion and Conclusion. The study results can be used in the educational process during professional and personal development of modern youth. They make it possible to identify high-educated young people with the research potential at the stage of post-graduate programs, dissertation writing and implementation of their scientific products. These issues may be further developed from the cross-cultural p erspective.
An analysis of illustrations on the unit ‘Stimulus and Reaction’ in middle school science textbooks
Authors: Oh Min-Ki , Jeong Eun-young
Published: June 2019

Oh, Min-Ki;Jeong, Eun-young
Effects of copper nanoparticles on the morphological and physiological changes in chicken
Authors: Xuan Nguyen Thi , Trang Phi Thi Thu , Hien Le Thi Thu
Published: June 2019

Copper nanoparticles (nCu) have a wide range of applications in many different fields of life. In poultry farming, nCu is well-known as a feed additive to stimulate the development, a good antimicrobial agent and a suppressor of diarrhea. The aim of this study is to perform the analysis of biosafety of nCu. In this study, chickens were treated with drinking water containing 2 mg/L or 1000 mg/L nCu. After 5 weeks of treatment, the survival rate, dry body weight, Cu content in serum and liver tissues of chickens were examined. Liver and kidney functions were also determined by measuring serum levels of ALT, AST, and creatinine. As a result, chickens treated with drinking containing 2 mg/L nCu had no changes in liver and kidney functions as well as their body weights. However, treatment of chickens with 1000 mg/L nCu caused accumulationof Cu in the serum and liver and increase of the serum levels of ALT and AST compared with control group. Apparently they sick and did not develop properly. In conclusion, nCu concentration at 2 mg/L may be recommended for the agricultural, feed and medicine formulations to meet biological safety.ALT, AST, creatinine, nCu, chicken.
An overview of studies on early life history of fish in Vietnam
Authors: Hau Tran Duc , Tran Thanh Trung , Thuy Ta Thi , Izumi Kinoshita
Published: June 2019

Early stages from fertilized eggs to juveniles are important in the existence and development cycles of fish. At these stages, fish are still not fully developed, and are thus easily affected by environmental factors. Vietnam has a rich fish diversity, with ca. 3000 species, and fishery resources play significantly roles not only in the daily lives of local residents but also in national economic development. Ichthyological studies in Vietnam have focused mainly on matured fish while early life history has so far been less researched. This paper presents an overview of studies in Vietnam related to early stages of fish and provides an orientation for this field in future.
Kommunal förvaltning som politisk aktör
Authors: Eriksson Anita , Svensson Ann-Katrin , Beach Dennis
Published: June 2019

Syftet med denna artikel är att bidra med kunskap om vad som sker på kommunal nivå i spåren av en nationell policyrevidering. I artikeln beskrivs hur förvaltningstjänstemän inom kommunala utbildningsförvaltningar har tolkat och arbetat med att implementera 2010 års skollags- och läroplansrevidering med fokus på förtydligandet av förskollärarens ansvar. Mer specifikt fokuseras förvaltningstjänstemäns bedömningar av förskollärares, och i viss mån förskolechefers och annan förskolepersonals, kompetensutvecklingsbehov och vilka utbildningsinsatser som har genomförts som en följd av policyrevideringarna. Av resultatet framgår att satsningar på kompetensutveckling rörande kvalitetssäkring genom pedagogisk dokumentation och utvärdering samt ämneskunskap har prioriterats högre än insatser för att stödja förskollärare i ansvaret för att leda det pedagogiska arbetet. Avslutningsvis diskuteras och problematiseras dels vad förvaltningstjänstemäns olika tolkningar och ageranden kan komma att betyda för förskolläraren som professionell aktör med ett förtydligat kvalitativt ansvar för den pedagogiska verksamhet som arbetslaget gemensamt ska genomföra och dels vad olika tolkningar och utbildningsinsatser kan innebära i ett professionsperspektiv.
Undervisning i relation till omsorg och lärande i förskola: Flerstämmig undervisning och didaktisk (o)takt?
Authors: Vallberg Roth Ann-Christine , Holmberg Ylva
Published: June 2019

Identifierat problem är inriktat på undervisning i relation till omsorg och lärande, eller med andra ord vad den så kallade ”helheten” i policydokument kan innebära och hur den kan framträda i förskolans undervisning. Det finns ett underskott av forskning som belyser området utifrån mer omfattande empiriska studier i samverkansprojekt. Syftet är att, med koppling till ett samverkansprojekt, utveckla kunskap om vad som kan känneteckna undervisning i relation till omsorg och lärande i förskollärares texter och dokumenterade samhandlingar i förskola som skolform i Sverige. Metodologiskt refererar analysen till abduktiv analys i didaktiskt perspektiv. Materialet inkluderar totalt 349 skriftliga dokument och 63 filmtimmar från 121 förskolor/avdelningar i tio kommuner. Källdata utgörs av ord-data och audiovisuella data. Resultatet visar att begreppen undervisning, omsorg och lärande kan framträda som både åtskilda och sammanflätade på olika sätt. Sammantaget fogas analysen samman och prövas genom det övergripande begreppet ”flerstämmig undervisning” som kan inrymma ”didaktisk (o)takt”.
Borde svenska lärare bli mer franska?
Authors: Ackesjö Helena
Published: June 2019

Under början av 2019 förs en intensiv debatt i nationella medier om lärare, lärarauktoritet och lärararbetets gränser. I TV, radio och tidningar lyfts exempel på händelser från olika delar av landet fram i ljuset. Ett sådant är elevers upplevda kränkningar, en diskussion som ställs i relation till lärares auktoritet men framför allt till lärares handlingsutrymme.

I denna text diskuteras lärarprofessionens gränser genom Frykmans (1998) teoretiska lins. I texten jämförs exempel från den svenska skolan med exempel från den franska i avsikt att föra en kontrasterande och teoretisk diskussion om professionens gränser. Frågan som ställs är Borde svenska lärare bli mer franska?  I essän framförs argument om att tydligare gränser kan krävas för att lärares professionalitet och auktoritet ska bli mer markerad. Skolan borde kunna bygga broar mellan skola, hem och samhälle utan att träda över gränserna mellan dem. Stärkta gränser skulle i sin tur kunna leda till avlastning men också till ökad auktoritet och professionalitet vilket på sikt skulle kunna stärka både lärares position i samhället och yrkets attraktivitet.
Perception of Special Education Experts on the Implementation and Improvement of IEP
Authors:   The Korean Society of Special Education, Kim Eunha , Choi Seung Sook , Song Seung Min , Kang Chang Wook
Published: June 2019

This study investigated the perception of the concept and practice of individualized education plans and to search for improvements. The research method was the focus group interview(FGI). The participants were grouped into 6 groups of 2 professors, 6 junior supervisors, 9 elementary and secondary resource room teachers, and 11 elementary and secondary special school teachers. As a result of the research, 3 domains, 11 topics and 21 sub-topics were derived. First, there was a gap between the realistic and ideal concept of individualized education plan recognized by educational experts. Second, there was a difficulty in the actual practice of individualized education plan due to the lack of connection between curriculum and class, NEIS IEP’s pros and cons, lack of cooperative approach of individualized education support team, and lack of continuity of education through assessment of the individualized education plan. Third, there was a need for strengthening the capacity of special education teachers and improving the specific operating system as an improvement plan for the individualized education plan. Based on the results, the researchers provided directions for improving individualized education plan and further research.
Experiences and Perceptions of the Teachers who Participated in the Professional Development for Individualized Reading Intervention Incorporating Synthetic Phonics for Students Struggling with Reading
Authors: Jung Pyung-Gang , Kim Ye Ri , Kim Jung Hun ,   The Korean Society of Special Education
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the experiences and perceptions of the teachers who participated in professional development, which consisted of tools, learning modules, and cooperative support, for individualized reading intervention incorporating synthetic phonics for elementary students struggling with reading. Twenty teachers (18 elementary teachers, and two learning clinic center teachers) who participated in professional development for individualized reading intervention incorporating synthetic phonics were divided into two groups, and participated in group interviews. All interview data were transcribed verbatim, and were analyzed using the constant comparative method. From the qualitative analysis, five main themes were identified: concerns of professional development, learning theoretical background and practices, effects on students, teacher empowerment, and desire. Based on the findings, we discuss effective instructional approaches to teach students struggling with reading and provide directions to support the professional development program. Study limitations and implications for future research were also discussed.
Association Between Preanalytical Factors and Tumor Mutational Burden Estimated by Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Multiplex Gene Panel Assay
Authors: Quy Pham Nguyen , Kanai Masashi , Fukuyama Keita , Kou Tadayuki , Kondo Tomohiro , Yamamoto Yoshihiro , Matsubara Junichi , Hiroshima Akinori , Mochizuki Hiroaki , Sakuma Tomohiro , Kamada Mayumi , Nakatsui Masahiko , Eso Yuji , Seno Hiroshi , Masui Toshihiko , Takaori Kyoichi , Minamiguchi Sachiko , Matsumoto Shigemi , Muto Manabu
Published: June 2019

Background

Tumor mutational burden (TMB) measured via next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based gene panel is a promising biomarker for response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in solid tumors. However, little is known about the preanalytical factors that can affect the TMB score.

Materials and Methods

Data of 199 patients with solid tumors who underwent multiplex NGS gene panel (OncoPrime), which was commercially provided by a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments-licensed laboratory and covered 0.78 megabase (Mb) of capture size relevant to the TMB calculation, were reviewed. Associations between the TMB score and preanalytical factors, including sample DNA quality, sample type, sampling site, and storage period, were analyzed. Clinical outcomes of patients with a high TMB score (≥10 mutations per megabase) who received anti-programmed cell death protein 1 antibodies (n = 22) were also analyzed.

Results

Low DNA library concentration (<5 nM), formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPE), and the prolonged sample storage period (range, 0.9–58.1 months) correlated with a higher TMB score. After excluding low DNA library samples from the analysis, FFPE samples, but not the sample storage period, exhibited a marked correlation with a high TMB score. Of 22 patients with a high TMB score, we observed the partial response in 2 patients (9.1%).

Conclusion

Our results indicate that the TMB score estimated via NGS-based gene panel could be affected by the DNA library concentration and sample type. These factors could potentially increase the false-positive and/or artifactual variant calls. As each gene panel has its own pipeline for variant calling, it is unknown whether these factors have a significant effect in other platforms.

Implications for Practice

A high tumor mutational burden score, as estimated via next-generation sequencing-based gene panel testing, should be carefully interpreted as it could be affected by the DNA library concentration and sample type.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Clinical Biomarkers for Preoperative Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in Endometrial Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Reijnen Casper , IntHout Joanna , Massuger Leon F.A.G. , Strobbe Fleur , Küsters-Vandevelde Heidi V.N. , Haldorsen Ingfrid S. , Snijders Marc P.L.M. , Pijnenborg Johanna M.A.
Published: June 2019

Background

In endometrial carcinoma (EC), preoperative classification is based on histopathological criteria, with only moderate diagnostic performance for the risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM). So far, existing molecular classification systems have not been evaluated for prediction of LNM. Optimized use of clinical biomarkers as recommended by international guidelines might be a first step to improve tailored treatment, awaiting future molecular biomarkers.

Aim

To determine the diagnostic accuracy of preoperative clinical biomarkers for the prediction of LNM in endometrial cancer.

Methods

A systematic review was performed according to the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines. Studies identified in MEDLINE and EMBASE were selected by two independent reviewers. Included biomarkers were based on recommended guidelines (cancer antigen 125 [Ca-125], lymphadenopathy on magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography [18FDG PET-CT]) or obtained by physical examination (body mass index, cervical cytology, blood cell counts). Pooled sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve (AUC), and likelihood ratios were calculated with bivariate random-effects meta-analysis. Likelihood ratios were classified into small (0.5–1.0 or 1–2.0), moderate (0.2–0.5 or 2.0–5.0) or large (0.1–0.2 or ≥ 5.0) impact.

Results

Eighty-three studies, comprising 18,205 patients, were included. Elevated Ca-125 and thrombocytosis were associated with a moderate increase in risk of LNM; lymphadenopathy on imaging with a large increase. Normal Ca-125, cytology, and no lymphadenopathy on 18FDG PET-CT were associated with a moderate decrease. AUCs were above 0.75 for these biomarkers. Other biomarkers had an AUC <0.75 and incurred only small impact.

Conclusion

Ca-125, thrombocytosis, and imaging had a large and moderate impact on risk of LNM and could improve preoperative risk stratification.

Implications for Practice

Routine lymphadenectomy in clinical early-stage endometrial carcinoma does not improve outcome and is associated with 15%–20% surgery-related morbidity, underlining the need for improved preoperative risk stratification. New molecular classification systems are emerging but have not yet been evaluated for the prediction of lymph node metastasis. This article provides a robust overview of diagnostic performance of all clinical biomarkers recommended by international guidelines. Based on these, at least measurement of cancer antigen 125 serum level, assessment of thrombocytosis, and imaging focused on lymphadenopathy should complement current preoperative risk stratification in order to better stratify these patients by risk.
Human Tissue-Resident Mucosal-Associated Invariant T (MAIT) Cells in Renal Fibrosis and CKD
Authors: Law Becker M. P. , Wilkinson Ray , Wang Xiangju , Kildey Katrina , Giuliani Kurt , Beagley Kenneth W. , Ungerer Jacobus , Healy Helen , Kassianos Andrew J.
Published: June 2019

Significance Statement

Although mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are emerging as a key player in chronic inflammatory diseases, their role in CKD’s hallmark fibrosis is unclear. Using multicolor flow cytometry and immunofluorescence, the authors identified tissue-resident MAIT cells in healthy kidneys and demonstrated that absolute numbers of activated tissue-resident MAIT cells within the tubulointerstitial compartment of fibrotic human kidneys correlate with histologic severity of CKD (levels of interstitial fibrosis). In addition, using an in vitro mechanistic model of human renal fibrosis, they found that hypoxia-damaged proximal tubular epithelial cells are potent drivers of MAIT cell activation and cytotoxicity within the inflammatory and fibrotic microenvironment. These findings suggest that kidney MAIT cells are a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of CKD.

Background

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells represent a specialized lymphocyte population associated with chronic inflammatory disorders. Little is known, however, about MAIT cells in diseases of the kidney, including CKD.

Methods

To evaluate MAIT cells in human native kidneys with tubulointerstitial fibrosis, the hallmark of CKD, we used multicolor flow cytometry to identify, enumerate, and phenotype such cells from human kidney tissue biopsy samples, and immunofluorescence microscopy to localize these cells. We cocultured MAIT cells and human primary proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) under hypoxic (1% oxygen) conditions to enable examination of mechanistic tubulointerstitial interactions.

Results

We identified MAIT cells (CD3+ TCR Vα7.2+ CD161hi) in healthy and diseased kidney tissues, detecting expression of tissue-resident markers (CD103/CD69) on MAIT cells in both states. Tissue samples from kidneys with tubulointerstitial fibrosis had significantly elevated numbers of MAIT cells compared with either nonfibrotic samples from diseased kidneys or tissue samples from healthy kidneys. Furthermore, CD69 expression levels, also an established marker of lymphocyte activation, were significantly increased on MAIT cells from fibrotic tissue samples. Immunofluorescent analyses of fibrotic kidney tissue identified MAIT cells accumulating adjacent to PTECs. Notably, MAIT cells activated in the presence of human PTECs under hypoxic conditions (modeling the fibrotic microenvironment) displayed significantly upregulated expression of CD69 and cytotoxic molecules perforin and granzyme B; we also observed a corresponding significant increase in PTEC necrosis in these cocultures.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate that human tissue-resident MAIT cells in the kidney may contribute to the fibrotic process of CKD via complex interactions with PTECs.
Ambiguous agency in the vulnerable trafficked body: reading Sanusi’s Eyo and Unigwe’s On Black Sisters’ Street
Authors: Ligaga Dina
Published: June 2019

The narrativization of the trafficked body in the novels of Abidemi Sanusi and Chika Unigwe allows for a contemplation of Europe in African migrant imaginaries as both promise and failure. Sanusi’s Eyo is a narrative of a ten-year-old girl who is trafficked to the United Kingdom as a human sex slave. The novel draws attention to the tensions that define her being/unbeing in Europe and beyond, even after a brave escape from her traffickers. This precarious existence is enhanced in Chika Unigwe’s On Black Sisters’ Street, whose main characters exist in Europe selling their bodies while existing in states of continuous vulnerability. In reading these two novels side by side, this article explores the discursive meanings of trafficked bodies and how traumatic existence allows for an engagement with Europe as illusory in the imaginaries of African women who cross borders into Europe. The article argues that while the female characters are vulnerable, they retain an ambiguous agency contained within their ability to survive and remain resilient in the face of atrocities for borders crossers. The narrative form of the novel allows for an exploration of what this agency looks like in the face of extreme vulnerability.
Stammering tongue
Authors: Mupotsa Danai S , Liu Xin
Published: June 2019

‘Stammering tongue’ is the governing metaphor we offer in our reading of the border. The border, we read as a central technique of both the modern state and the violence that produces it. Our project is a diffractive encounter with the modality of implicating and complicating reading and writing. The paper offers a reading of two recent texts, Christina Sharpe’s In the Wake: On Blackness and Being that draws from the metaphor/practice of the Middle Passage to offer “The Wake,” “The Ship,” “The Hold,” and “The Weather,” to theorize black violability, black death and black living. We read Sharpe beside Jasbir K. Puar’s The Right to Maim: Debility, Capacity, Disability where she uses the notion of debility to stress the relations between harm, gender, race, war and labour. We offer the ‘stammering tongue,’ in pursuit of a conversation between ourselves, Sharpe and Puar. The stammering tongue is a racialized, sexualized border that produces im/possible readings and utterances. We frame the stammering tongue as one that turns to negativity and reclaims lack to generate potentiality from that lack.
Authentic Montessori: The Dottoressa’s View at the End of Her Life Part I
Authors: Lillard Angeline S , McHugh Virginia
Published: June 2019

Maria Montessori developed a form of education in the first half of the last century that came to be called by her surname, and research indicates it often has positive outcomes. In the years since its development, tens of thousands of schools worldwide have called their programs Montessori, yet implementations vary widely, leading to confusion about what Montessori edu­cation is. Although there are varied opinions, here we use Dr. Montessori’s books and transcribed lectures to describe the conclusions of her work at her life’s end. We term this final conclusion authentic in the sense of “done in the traditional or original way,” (the primary definition of the adjective in Oxford English Dictionary, 2019). We do not claim that the original is superior to variants; this is an issue for empirical science. Our overarching goal is to provide researchers, policy makers, administrators, teachers, and parents with a benchmark from which to measure and evaluate variations from the education method Dr. Montessori bequeathed at the end of her life. In the ongoing search for alternative educational methods, the time-honored and burgeoning Mon­tessori system is of considerable interest. Dr. Montessori conceptualized the system as a triangle for which the environment, the teacher, and the child formed the legs. Part I of this two-part article examines Dr. Montessori’s view of what constitutes the environment, in terms of its material, tem­poral, and social features. An appendix to Part II summarizes the features.
In the ongoing search for alternative educational methods, the time-honored and burgeoning Montessori system is of considerable interest. Dr. Montessori conceptualized the system as a triangle for which the environment, the teacher, and the child formed the legs. Part I of this two-part article examines Dr. Montessori’s view of what constitutes the environment, in terms of its material, temporal, and social features. An appendix to Part II summarizes the features.
Authentic Montessori: The Dotteressa’s View at the End of Her Life Part II
Authors: Lillard Angeline S , McHugh Virginia
Published: June 2019

Part II of this two-part article continues the discussion of what Maria Montessori viewed to be the important components of her educational system. Because she developed the system over her lifetime, we prioritized later accounts when contradictory accounts were found. Whereas Part I focused on the environment, Part II examines the second and third components of the Montessori trinity: the teacher and the child. This article includes descriptions of Montessori teacher prepara­tion, children’s developmental stages, and the human tendencies on which Montessori education capitalizes. It ends with child outcomes as described by Dr. Montessori and as shown in recent research, and provides an appendix summarizing features of authentic Montessori described in Part I and Part II.
Prep for FACS on blood samples v1
Authors: Burgin Grace , Benhar Inbal
Published: June 2019

To prepare blood samples for flow
Epithelial/Immune Dissociation for Human Colon Biopsies v1
Authors: Burgin Grace , Biton Moshe
Published: June 2019

To isolate immune and epithelial cells from human colon biopsies
Protocol for data analysis (Early warning score) v1
Authors: Lo Ying-Chih , Yu Hsiu-Hui , Chen Jung-Chen , Shih Sou-Jen , Huang Ming-De , Huey-Herng Sheu Wayne , Wu Chieh-Liang
Published: June 2019

The protocol for data retrieval, data cleaning, and data analysis for the paper: Investigating the accuracy of National Early Warning Score for predicting clinical deterioration in different disease categories and time frames
Systemic analysis of injection site pain caused by subcutaneous administration of FKB327 and reference product via different delivery methods v1
Authors: Ito Takahiro , Takanuma Masayuki , Arai Yasumasa
Published: June 2019

FKB327 is a biosimilar of the adalimumab reference product (RP). The formulation excipients of the FKB327 differ from those of the citrate-containing formulation of the RP, thus injection-site pain (ISP) at subcutaneous injection were assessed in single-dose studies (FKB327-001 and -004) in healthy subjects and multiple-dose studies (FKB327-002 (NCT02260791) and -003 (NCT02405780) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Outline of individual study design can be refered to in appendicies 1 to 4 for FKB327-001, -002, -003, and -004 studies, respectively. In all 4 studies, ISP was assessed using visual analog scale (VAS) with a horizontal scale from 0 to 100 mm (0 to 100 scale in KB327-002 and -003 using ePRO device) with the left end point signifying “no pain” and the right end point signifying “intolerable pain”. In order to evaluate potencial difference in ISP among products, devices of FKB327, or the other subjects’ background factors, this systemic anapysis using pooled data from these studies was planned.
Serotonergic-like profile of 4-propyl-2H-benzo[h]-chromen-2-one (FCS-304) in mice and rats
Authors: MORENO Laura M. , CUCA Luis Enrique , GUERRERO Mario F.
Published: June 2019

ANTECEDENTES: 4-propil-2H-benzo [h] -cromen-2-ona (FCS-304) es una cumarina semisintética con actividad inhibidora de MAO-A y resultados positivos en natación forzada y prueba de suspensión de cola en ratones, pero hasta ahora, no se ha estudiado en otros modelos de antidepresivos de detección en ratones y ratas.OBJETIVOS: El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto similar a la serotonina de FCS-304 en la prueba de 5-hidroxitriptófano (5-HTP) en ratones, en la prueba de desesperación del comportamiento en ratas y en la prueba de reserpina en ratas.MÉTODOS: Se evaluó la potenciación de 5-HTP (100 mg / kg, ip), sacudidas de cabeza inducidas en ratones, previamente tratados con FCS-304 (50-75-150 mg / Kg, po). La prueba de desesperación del comportamiento se realizó en ratas tratadas con FCS-304, registrando el tiempo de inmovilidad alcanzado por los animales sometidos a natación forzada. Se examinó el antagonismo de la ptosis inducida por reserpina en ratas, evaluando el nivel de cierre palpebral. La imipramina (30 mg / kg, po) y el vehículo (aceite de canola) sirvieron como controles positivos y negativos, respectivamente.RESULTADOS: FCS-304 potenció significativamente las contracciones en la cabeza inducidas por 5-HTP en ratones, de una manera dependiente de la dosis. En ratas, FCS-304 redujo significativamente el tiempo de inmovilidad en la prueba de desesperación conductual y antagonizó la ptosis inducida por reserpina.CONCLUSIÓN: Estos resultados agregan apoyo para proponer que el FCS-304 podría provocar efectos antidepresivos relacionados con la actividad inhibidora de MAO-A.
“Anti-glaucoma implant A3”: surgical technique and the long term follow-up results
Authors: Grineva Maria K. , Astakhov Sergey Yu.
Published: June 2019

The goal of our work was to study the safety profile and effectiveness of a domestically manufactured shunting device for the treatment of advanced stage primary open-angle glaucoma. This article describes the surgical technique of Anti-Glaucoma Implant A3 implantation, as well as long term follow-up results obtained from 19 patients (20 eyes).
Materials and methods. The devices were implanted in 19 patients (20 eyes) with advanced stage primary open-angle glaucoma. The diagnosis was made based on collected medical history, results of objective and instrumental test findings. All patients included in the study underwent a standard ophthalmologic examination, including: automatic refractometry, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) assessment, automated static perimetry, biomicroscopy of the anterior segment, indirect ophthalmoscopy with an aspheric lens, gonioscopy. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to assess retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness.
Conclusion. Intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering surgical procedures using an anti-glaucoma shunting device are non-inferior by their effectiveness to trabeculectomy, and have lower complication rate.
The role of self-dependent tonometry in improving diagnostics and treatment of patients with open angle glaucoma
Authors: Astakhov Sergey Yu. , Farikova Elmaz E. , Konoplianik Kseniia A.
Published: June 2019

Monitoring intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma at different stages of the development of the disease using self-measurement by a portable Icare HOME tonometer. In study, patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the treatment prescribed. With the help of near-day monitoring, hidden IOP elevations that are not recorded during a single IOP measurement on an outpatient appointment with a doctor were detected. Perspective possibilities of prescribing drugs and regulating the mode of instillation on the basis of individual time periods of increasing intraocular pressure on the example of one of the patient. Assessment of the convenience of the method from the personal experience of using the device by patients.
On functional results of treatment of recurrent rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after multiple endovitreal interventions
Authors: Shchukin Andrei D.
Published: June 2019

The present report is an extension of the study, in which on a large clinical material, the ratio of procedures used at this time for retinal detachment was shown, and the frequency of relapses after extrascleral and endovitreal surgeries was analyzed.

The purpose of the study is to determine the terms of relapse occurrence, and to estimate visual function after multiple endovitreal procedures.

Materials and methods. The study was carried out in the Ophthalmological Center of the City Hospital No. 2 of St. Petersburg. The data of 116 case histories of 23 patients (28 eyes) repeatedly admitted to the department of vitreoretinal surgery of the center and operated (2 to 7 times) for recurrent rhematogenous retinal detachment in 2015-2016 were analyzed.

Results. Multistage endovitreal surgery in patients with recurrent retinal detachment in most cases (78.6%) leads to significant decrease of visual functions; in incomplete retinal adherence in the lower segments after extrascleral surgery, additional scleral buckling or barrier laser retinal photocoagulation can be used.
New opportunities for the use of miniscleral contact lenses
Authors: Fedotova Karolina , Grabovetsky Valeriy R. , Novikov Sergey A. , Akopov Evgeniy L.
Published: June 2019

This case report demonstrates a new possibility of using rigid gas permeable miniscleral contact lenses as a device for performing Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy in patients with corneal irregularity. A correctly formed optical surface with a lens on the eye eliminates optical errors of the distorted cornea, and can be a useful tool for the optimization of aiming laser beam directing and focusing.