bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Achat de la résidence principale
Authors: Le Bayon Sabine , Levasseur Sandrine , Madec Pierre
Published: June 2013

Après quinze ans de croissance quasi-continue des prix de l’immobilier français, les questions sur la solvabilité des ménages sont nombreuses. À partir des enquêtes Patrimoine de l’INSEE, nous étudions le profil des ménages français ayant acheté leur logement durant les années 2000. Il ressort de notre étude descriptive et de nos estimations logit que le niveau de vie est devenu de plus en plus important pour accéder à la propriété, avec un fort impact discriminatoire envers les bas revenus. Un ménage appartenant au premier quartile de revenu a ainsi vu sa probabilité d’acheter son logement baisser de moitié, pour atteindre 8 % dans la seconde moitié des années 2000. En outre, les transferts intergénérationnels semblent concourir de façon croissante à l’acquisition de la résidence principale. Par exemple, le fait de recevoir une donation financière élève fortement la probabilité de devenir acquéreur de son logement dans la seconde moitié des années 2000 alors que l’impact était moindre, voire inexistant, dans la première moitié des années 2000. Nos estimations mettent aussi en évidence que, dans un contexte de prix immobiliers toujours plus élevés, les ménages acheteurs ont moins souvent opté pour de grands logements.
Psychose et somatisation : carrefours et impasses
Authors: Mylona Éléana
Published: June 2013

Afin d’aborder les rapports entre psychose et somatisation, est utilisée ici la métaphore des carrefours et des impasses dans la double trajectoire du psychique vers le somatique et vice versa. Les processus somatisants et psychotiques sont examinés au carrefour de l’« entre-deux » sous le prisme de la différenciation moi-objet basée sur une économie du narcissisme précaire. À partir du cas de Françoise, il est proposé que ces deux processus se rencontrent au carrefour de l’analité primaire où l’objet primitif anal est à maintenir par expulsion pour ne pas s’en séparer. En suivant cette hypothèse, chez les sujets en proie à la démentalisation le processus serait celui d’une régression à un état proche de l’analité primaire, mais faut-il encore que la fixation anale puisse retenir le sujet à ce type de fonctionnement.
Négociations climatiques internationales : l'impasse ou le sursaut
Authors: Alex Bastien
Published: June 2013

L’issue de la 18 e conférence de l’ONU sur les changements climatiques n’a guère suscité de commentaire enthousiaste. Si les attentes la concernant étaient modestes, le doute persiste sur la volonté commune des États de s’engager dans la lutte contre le réchauffement planétaire. Au-delà des principes sur lesquels reposent les négociations internationales et les jeux d’alliance, Bastien Alex interroge les limites de la méthode et le positionnement des acteurs-clés en vue des prochaines conférences. Celles-ci auront à charge de préparer pour 2015 un accord global juridiquement contraignant, accompagné d’objectifs de réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre pour tous les pays. Entre aspirations et désillusions, la question de l’organisation de la lutte contre le changement climatique à l’échelon international semble loin d’être résolue.
La Cour de Karlsruhe, un think tank pour l'Europe
Authors: Bourgeois Isabelle
Published: June 2013

Le Tribunal constitutionnel fédéral (TCF) de Karlsruhe est la juridiction chargée de veiller au respect de la Loi fondamentale (LF) allemande. Si ses prérogatives sont apolitiques, à l’image de celles de toute Cour suprême, le TCF est unique en son genre en ce qu’il a acquis une légitimité certaine en assumant un rôle affirmatif et proactif dans l’édification d’une Europe unie – objectif étatique inscrit dans la LF. Il accompagne et encadre le processus de transfert de souveraineté, tout en en se montrant garant des principes fondamentaux de subsidiarité et de démocratie. L’auteur souligne la contribution qu’il apporte au débat sur la construction d’une Union européenne politique.
Sociologies du roman (1830-1860)
Authors: Diaz José-Luis
Published: June 2013

Comment, après 1830, les critiques de profession mais aussi les romanciers-critiques prennent-ils en considération les ambitions sociologiques que manifeste le roman, en particulier le roman de mœurs nouvellement promu ? Répondre à une telle question revient à montrer comment la critique contemporaine a su témoigner avec lucidité des révolutions du roman, mais aussi mettre l’accent sur sa nouvelle ambition sociale. Le roman se voit alors l’objet de trois sociologies complémentaires : la première consiste à le considérer lui-même comme un phénomène social ; une autre à étudier, non sans inquiétude souvent, son extraordinaire influence ; la dernière à considérer le roman comme un analyste privilégié des pathologies sociales, ce genre lui-même en révolution se révélant propre à dire les dysfonctionnements d’une société en crise.
Les voix de la légende. Réflexions sur la parole des anciens soldats de Napoléon dans les campagnes du XIX e siècle
Authors: Marly Mathieu
Published: June 2013

Le récit de veillée du vieux grognard imaginé par Balzac dans Le Médecin de campagne tient souvent lieu d’explication à la diffusion de la légende napoléonienne dans les campagnes françaises du premier XIX e siècle. Pourtant, une attention plus grande portée aux conditions d’élaboration et de réception de ce type de récit permet de réévaluer ce lieu commun forgé par la littérature romantique. Parce qu’elle doit s’adapter aux attentes des populations rurales, la parole des vétérans impériaux participe à l’élaboration de mémoires populaires et nécessairement plurielles des guerres impériales, lesquelles entre progressivement en contact avec la légende nationale de Napoléon, particulièrement sous le second Empire. Avant qu’elle ne soit mise en scène par la propagande impériale, l’influence réelle des anciens soldats de Napoléon dans les campagnes peut être cherchée ailleurs, notamment dans la participation aux gardes nationales rurales sous la monarchie de Juillet.
L'Inondation à Saint-Cloud de Paul Huet à l'Exposition universelle de 1855 : pour une réévaluation de la poésie et de l'histoire dans la nature romantique
Authors: O’Reilly Chiara
Published: June 2013

L’Exposition universelle de Paris en 1855 est un tournant dans l’idée de l’art et dans sa réception en France. L’Exposition mit en valeur l’importance nouvelle prise par la peinture de paysages, et mit en question l’hégémonie traditionnelle de la peinture historique : les nouveaux paysages proposaient un nouveau modèle de signification artistique, comme vitrines de la façon dont des thèmes humains complexes et ambitieux pouvaient avoir été inclus dans un sujet simple. L’article se focalise sur les œuvres du paysagiste romantique Paul Huet (1803-1869), en particulier sur L’Inondation à Saint-Cloud de 1855, afin de réévaluer l’Exposition en tant que témoignage des changements dans la réception de la peinture de paysages. En analysant la réponse critique au tableau, sa composition, et la correspondance personnelle de l’artiste, l’œuvre est interprétée en fonction de la perspective contemporaine sur le paysage et l’histoire humaine dans les tableaux de paysages romantiques.
Experience of Cognitively Intact Residents Cohabitating with Residents with Dementia in Long-Term Care Facilities
Authors: Cheng Wen-Yun , Hu Chia-Jung , Ou-Yang Wen-Chen , Kaas Merrie , Wang Jing-Jy
Published: June 2013

A qualitative research approach was used to explore the life experience of cognitively intact (CI) residents cohabitating with residents with dementia in mixed placement facilities. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 21 CI residents from 6 long-term care facilities in southern Taiwan. Using a semi-structured interview guide, data were analyzed by content analysis. Two themes emerged: emotional diversity and coping. Emotional diversity described the wide range of responses, both positive and negative, expressed by the participants. Coping referred to the CI residents’ ability to adapt to behaviors exhibited by the residents with dementia and the environment. Results of this study provide nurses and other health care providers with an understanding of the life experience of CI residents who live among residents with dementia. An understanding can lead to improved quality of life and positive social interactions among CI residents and those with dementia. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 39
(9), 34–41.]
A Survey on Secure Software Development Lifecycles
Authors: Fonseca José , Vieira Marco
Published: June 2013

This chapter presents a survey on the most relevant software development practices that are used nowadays to build software products for the web, with security built in. It starts by presenting three of the most relevant Secure Software Development Lifecycles, which are complete solutions that can be adopted by development companies: the CLASP, the Microsoft Secure Development Lifecycle, and the Software Security Touchpoints. However it is not always feasible to change ongoing projects or replace the methodology in place. So, this chapter also discusses other relevant initiatives that can be integrated into existing development practices, which can be used to build and maintain safer software products: the OpenSAMM, the BSIMM, the SAFECode, and the Securosis. The main features of these security development proposals are also compared according to their highlights and the goals of the target software product.
Agile, Lean, and Service-Oriented Development, Continuum, or Chasm
Authors: Rikkilä Juha
Published: June 2013

A fad, hype, and a paradigm shift are often the words that are used about the agile, lean, and now also about service-oriented development. What starts as a step in evolution, grows into a mass movement in Internet and social media, and results in an avalanche of books, training, and consultancy services. Each proponent tries to differentiate from others with extreme statements of own superiority and blames of others’ shortcomings. Only a next fad, hype, or paradigm shift seems to be able to override the previous. This chapter looks through the fad, hype, or paradigm shift statements and describes the principles of the agile and lean approaches to the software development. Then it introduces the service orientation that is expected to be the next major shift. If it will overshadow the agile and lean excitement in the software industry, is discussed at the end of the chapter. In addition, this chapter looks into the past in order to find a continuum between these topics till today and to the future. Further some chasms in this continuum are identified, where a new idea has made a major shift and consequently has become a major force in the field. The service orientation in the software development is in the early phase of its lifecycle. The question is: will it still go through some chasm until it settles for large use, or is it already through all of adaptations and ready to be the next wave of evolution, or the next fad, hype and paradigm shift in software industry? The last part of this chapter proposes one more adaptation that creates continuum from the agile and lean approaches but brings up also the revitalization of architecting and design methodologies.
Constructive Knowledge Management Model and Information Retrieval Methods for Software Engineering
Authors: Aung Zeyar , Nyunt Khine Khine
Published: June 2013

In this chapter, the authors discuss two important trends in modern software engineering (SE) regarding the utilization of knowledge management (KM) and information retrieval (IR). Software engineering is a discipline in which knowledge and experience, acquired in the course of many years, play a fundamental role. For software development organizations, the main assets are not manufacturing plants, buildings, and machines, but the knowledge held by their employees. Software engineering has long recognized the need for managing knowledge and that the SE community could learn much from the KM community. The authors introduce the fundamental concepts of KM theory and practice and mainly discuss the aspects of knowledge management that are valuable to software development organizations and how a KM system for such an organization can be implemented. In addition to knowledge management, information retrieval (IR) also plays a crucial role in SE. IR is a study of how to efficiently and effectively retrieve a required piece of information from a large corpus of storage entities such as documents. As software development organizations grow larger and have to deal with larger numbers (probably millions) of documents of various types, IR becomes an essential tool for retrieving any piece of information that a software developer wants within a short time. IR can be used both as a general-purpose tool to improve the productivity of developers or as an enabler tool to facilitate a KM system.
What is the Benefit of a Model-Based Design of Embedded Software Systems in the Car Industry?
Authors: Broy Manfred , Kirstan Sascha , Krcmar Helmut , Schätz Bernhard
Published: June 2013

Model-based development becomes more and more popular in the development of embedded software systems in the car industry. On the websites of tool vendors many success stories can be found, which report of efficiency gains from up to 50% in the development, high error reductions and a more rapid increase of the maturity level of developed functions (The Mathworks, 2010) (dSPACE 2010) just because of model-based development. Reliable and broadly spread research that analyze the status quo of model-based development and its effects on the economics are still missing. This chapter describes the results of a global study by Altran Technologies, the chair of software and systems engineering and the chair of Information Management of the University of Technology in Munich which examines the costs and benefits of model-based development of embedded systems in the car industry.
A Test-Driven Approach to Behavioral Queries for Service Selection
Authors: Zavala Laura , Mendoza Benito , Huhns Michael N.
Published: June 2013

Although the areas of Service-Oriented Computing (SOC) and Agile and Lean Software Development (LSD) have been evolving separately in the last few years, they share several commonalities. Both are intended to exploit reusability and exhibit adaptability. SOC in particular aims to facilitate the widespread and diverse use of small, loosely coupled units of functionality, called services. Such services have a decided agility advantage, because they allow for changing a service provider at runtime without affecting any of a group of diverse and possibly anonymous consumers. Moreover, they can be composed at both development-time and run-time to produce new functionalities. Automatic service discovery and selection are key aspects for composing services dynamically. Current approaches attempting to automate discovery and selection make use of only structural and functional aspects of the services, and in many situations, this does not suffice to discriminate between functionally similar but disparate services. Service behavior is difficult to specify prior to service execution and instead is better described based on experience with the execution of the service. In this chapter, the authors present a behavioral approach to service selection and runtime adaptation that, inspired by agile software development techniques, is based on behavioral queries specified as test cases. Behavior is evaluated through the analysis of execution values of functional and non-functional parameters. In addition to behavioral selection, the authors’ approach allows for real-time evaluation of non-functional quality-of-service parameters, such as response time, availability, and latency.
Robust Network Services with Distributed Code Rewriting
Authors: Meyer Thomas , Tschudin Christian
Published: June 2013

Nature does not know the concept of a dedicated controlling instance; instead, “control” is an emergent phenomenon. This is in stark contrast with computer networking where protocol control loops are (seemingly) in charge: while the functional aspect of a networking service can be well mastered, the dynamic behavior is still difficult to understand and even control. In this chapter, we present a methodology how to design distributed software systems that are dynamically stable and robust in execution. It is based on continuously replicating a system’s own code base in order to thwart unreliable execution and even accidental code changes. The crucial part is to design the system such that it regulates its own replication. This can be achieved by an execution environment inspired by chemistry to which we add the concept of self-rewriting programs (Quines). With a link load balancing example we show how to exploit competition and cooperation in a self-rewriting service implementation.
DSLs in Action with Model Based Approaches to Information System Development
Authors: Lukovic Ivan , Ivancevic Vladimir , Celikovic Milan , Aleksic Slavica
Published: June 2013

In this chapter, the authors give an overview of the evolution of Information System (IS) development methods used in the last few decades and show how model driven approaches and Domain Specific Languages (DSLs) have managed to take an often essential role in the modern IS development process. To present an overall picture, the authors discuss significant breakthroughs, popular approaches, their strong and weak points, along with the examples of their practical use in the domain of IS development and generation of software applications. In order to further support the aforementioned points, the chapter offers a synopsis of Integrated Information Systems CASE Tool (IIS*Case), a model driven software development tool for IS modeling and prototype generation. A special attention is drawn to its evolution and position relative to some of the key changes in IS development approaches in recent history. The authors highlight the significance of DSLs in this context and present a DSL featured in the tool. The DSL was created to provide platform independent model (PIM) IS specifications which can be transformed into executable application prototypes through a chain of model-to-model and model-to-code transformations. Since the authors have developed both a textual DSL, and visual repository-based tools (visual DSLs) for this purpose, a discussion of pros and contras of textual vs. visual DSLs in the context of creating PIM specifications is also included. Furthermore, the chapter communicates practical experiences about creating meta-meta models of PIM concepts by means of attribute grammars and MOF meta-modeling language.
Creating, Debugging, and Testing Mobile Applications with the IPAC Application Creation Environment
Authors: Kolomvatsos Kostas , Valkanas George , Patelis Petros , Hadjiefthymiades Stathes
Published: June 2013

An important challenge in software development is to have efficient tools for creating, debugging, and testing software components developed for specific business domains. This is more imperative if it is considered that a large number of users are not familiar with popular programming languages. Hence, Application Creation Environments (ACEs) based on specific Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs) can provide an efficient way for creating applications for a specific domain of interest. The provided ACEs should incorporate all the functionality needed by developers to build, debug, and test applications. In this chapter, the authors present their contribution in this domain based on the experience of the IPAC system. The IPAC system provides a middleware and an ACE for developing and using intelligent, context-aware services in mobile nodes. The chapter fully describes the ACE, which is a key part of the overall architecture. The ACE provides two editors (textual, visual), a wide functionality spectrum, as well as a debugger and an application emulator. The ACE is based on an Application Description Language (ADL) developed for IPAC. The ADL provides elements for the description of an application workflow for embedded systems. Through such functionality, developers are capable of efficiently creating and testing applications that will be deployed on mobile nodes.
User-Centered Design of Mobile Geo-Applications
Authors: Van Elzakker Corné P. J. M. , Delikostidis Ioannis
Published: June 2013

One purpose of this chapter is to inform about the geographic aspects that make mobile geo-applications different from other mobile software applications: (1) positioning techniques (like GPS) with which mobile devices may be localized in geographic space; (2) access to additional geographic attribute data; and (3) the representation of geographic information by means of maps on the display screen of the mobile device. Another objective of this chapter is to highlight the relevance of use and user (and not just usability) research in system and mobile software engineering and to describe the application of various research methods and techniques in a user-centered design approach. The characteristics of a mobile geo-application and the implementation of a user-centered design approach are illustrated by means of a research case study aiming at the development of more usable navigation systems for pedestrians.
Extracting Social Relationships from Social Software
Authors: Dorn Jürgen , Labitzke Stefan
Published: June 2013

We present an analytical approach to detect relationships between persons in the real world, such as friendship, rivalry, or others, out of the behavior of members in a social software system. In social software systems, users often evaluate submissions of other users. If these actions are somehow biased, we assume a personal relationship between these users. If we know about the relationship between two users, the validity of the evaluation, and with that, the trust into the social software, can be improved. For example, if a rival evaluates a submission unfairly, we should decrease the impact of this evaluation. We apply the approach in TechScreen, a social software system that supports the exchange of knowledge about Internet technologies. Since we try to mine competencies of its users, the validity of evaluations is very important. In this chapter we show results of experiments with about 50 users.
Establishing Ethos on Proprietary and Open Source Software Websites
Authors: Brock Kevin
Published: June 2013

The increasing prominence and variety of open source software (OSS) threaten to upset conventional approaches to software development and marketing. While a tremendous amount of scholarship has been published on the differences between proprietary and OSS development, little has been discussed regarding the effect of rhetorical appeals used to promote either type of software. This chapter offers just such an examination, focusing its scrutiny on the websites for three pairs of competitors (operating system, Web browser, and image manipulation program). The means by which the OSS websites promote their programs provide a significant set of insights into the potential trajectory of OSS development and its widespread public acceptance, in terms of both its initial philosophy and its perceived alternative nature to traditional software products and models.
Assessing the Security of Software Configurations
Authors: Neto Afonso Araújo , Vieira Marco
Published: June 2013

Security evaluation is a complex problem. As more and more software systems become available, more diversity and alternatives can be found to accomplish the same tasks. However, there is still a lack of a standard approach that can be used to choose among the available alternatives or evaluate their configuration security. In this chapter, the authors present a methodology to devise security appraisals, which is based on the collection of widespread security knowledge for a specific domain. They demonstrate their methodology by devising two specific appraisals for the domain of transactional systems. The first one can be used to evaluate and assess the configuration of an already deployed database installation, while the target of the second one is to compare the capability of specific database brands concerning security aspects. The authors also present a real demonstration of both appraisals in real scenarios.
Design of Language Learning Software
Authors: Turel Vehbi , McKenna Peter
Published: June 2013

In this chapter, the authors focus on the principles and guidelines that should be borne in mind when designing and developing (interactive multimedia) language software for foreign language learning. The stages of software design and development can be categorized into six separate stages: (1) feasibility, (2) setting up a team of experts, (3) designing, (4) programming, (5) testing, and (6) evaluating. Each stage is vital to the design and development process for cost effective software, and a wide range of principles and guidelines need to be borne in mind at each stage in order to design and develop effective language learning software. Here, the authors focus on the design principles and guidelines that need to be considered while designing and developing language software.
Engineering and Reengineering of Technology Enhanced Learning Scenarios Using Context Awareness Processes
Authors: Peña de Carrillo Clara Inés , Choquet Christophe , Després Christophe , Iksal Sébastien , Jacoboni Pierre , Lekira Aina , Ouraiba El Amine , Thi-Ngoc Diem Pham
Published: June 2013

This chapter proposes a context modeling process to help tutors adapt their tutorship actions based on students’ profiles and performance on Technology Enhanced Learning environments (TEL). It attempts also to involve teachers as designers in the engineering process of a TEL system development and to support their activity of auto-regulation regarding the students’ guidance and assistance. This aim leads to improve teaching strategies as well as to enhance the quality of the learning objects and the learning scenario itself. In fact, if the TEL system is already adaptive, by means of this approach, its improvement is fostered. If not, the process will support its iterative transformation from predefined to adaptive. The Model Driven Engineering (MDE) methodology is used since it gives educational designers (teachers for this proposal) and software designers the ability to define, communicate, and test a solution while creating artifacts that become part of the overall solution. The Usage Tracking Language (UTL) has been developed to provide the actors of a TEL system (designers, tutors, learners, and analysts) with a dutiful tool to describe the observed uses of the descriptive pedagogical scenario and their semantics, including the definition of the observation needs and the means required for data acquisition. The structure of tracks and their transformations from raw data allows the calculation of indicators which supports the building of users’ models that will influence users’ decision making. Finally, a case study using the Hop3X environment for learning Java programming to apply this process is presented.
Knowledge Management in Agile Methods Context
Authors: Alzoabi Zaidoun
Published: June 2013

Agile methods are characterized with flexibility, reliance on tacit knowledge, and face to face communication in contrast to traditional methods that rely on explicit knowledge sharing mechanism, extensive documentation, and formal means of communication. In this chapter, the authors will have a look at the knowledge management techniques used in different software development processes with focus on agile methods. Then they will test the claim of more informal knowledge sharing and see the mechanisms used to exchange and document knowledge. The test is on the basis of a survey conducted by Scott Ambler in 2009, where he surveyed over 300 agile practitioners asking them about mechanisms used and in which context every mechanism is applied.
How Much Automation can be done in Testing?
Authors: Alsmadi Izzat
Published: June 2013

It is widely acknowledged that software testing stage is a stage in the software project that is time and resources’ consuming. In addition, this stage comes late in the project, usually at the time where pressure of delivery is high. Those are some reasons why major research projects in testing focus on methods to automate one or more of activities in this stage. In this chapter, description of all sub stages in software testing is explained along with possible methods to automate activities in this sub stage. The focus in this chapter is on the user interface of the software as it is one of the major components that receives a large percentage of testing. A question always raised in testing is whether full test automation is possible and if that can be feasible, possible and applicable. While 100% test automation is theoretic and impractical, given all types of activities that may occur in testing, it is hoped that a maximum coverage in test automation will be visible soon.
Software Reuse in Open Source A Case Study
Authors: Capiluppi Andrea , Stol Klaas-Jan , Boldyreff Cornelia
Published: June 2013

A promising way to support software reuse is based on Component-Based Software Development (CBSD). Open Source Software (OSS) products are increasingly available that can be freely used in product development. However, OSS communities still face several challenges before taking full advantage of the “reuse mechanism”: many OSS projects duplicate effort, for instance when many projects implement a similar system in the same application domain and in the same topic. One successful counter-example is the FFmpeg multimedia project; several of its components are widely and consistently reused in other OSS projects. Documented is the evolutionary history of the various libraries of components within the FFmpeg project, which presently are reused in more than 140 OSS projects. Most use them as black-box components; although a number of OSS projects keep a localized copy in their repositories, eventually modifying them as needed (white-box reuse). In both cases, the authors argue that FFmpeg is a successful project that provides an excellent exemplar of a reusable library of OSS components.
Reusing Services through Context-Aware Discovery and Adaptation in Pervasive Systems
Authors: Cubo Javier , Pimentel Ernesto
Published: June 2013

Reusing of software entities, such as components or services, to develop software systems has matured in recent years. However, it has not become standard practice yet, since using pre-existing software requires the selection, composition, adaptation, and evolution of prefabricated software parts. Recent research approaches have independently tackled the discovery, composition, or adaptation processes. On the one hand, the discovery process aims at discovering the most suitable services for a request. On the other hand, the adaptation process solves, as automatically as possible, mismatch cases which may be given at the different interoperability levels among interfaces by generating a mediating adaptor based on an adaptation contract. In this chapter, the authors present the DAMASCo framework, which focuses on composing services in mobile and pervasive systems accessed through their public interfaces, by means of context-aware discovery and adaptation. DAMASCo has been implemented and evaluated on several examples.
Evaluating the Usability of Domain-Specific Languages
Authors: Barišic Ankica , Amaral Vasco , Goulão Miguel , Barroca Bruno
Published: June 2013

Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs) can be regarded as User Interfaces (UIs) because they bridge the gap between the domain experts and the computation platforms. Usability of DSLs by domain experts is a key factor for their successful adoption. The few reports supporting improvement claims are persuasive, but mostly anecdotal. Systematic literature reviews show that evidences on the effects of the introduction of DSLs are actually very scarce. In particular, the evaluation of usability is often skipped, relaxed, or at least omitted from papers reporting the development of DSLs. The few exceptions mostly take place at the end of the development process, when fixing problems is already too expensive. A systematic approach, based on techniques for the experimental evaluation of UIs, should be used to assess suitability of new DSLs. This chapter presents a general experimental evaluation model, tailored for DSLs’ experimental evaluation, and instantiates it in several DSL’s evaluation examples.
FACTS Devices Allocation for Power Transfer Capability Enhancement and Power System Losses Reduction
Authors: Jirapong Peerapol
Published: June 2013

In this paper, a hybrid evolutionary algorithm (HEA) is proposed to determine the optimal placement of multi-type flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices to simultaneously maximize the total transfer capability (TTC) and minimize the system real power loss of power transfers in deregulated power systems. Multi-objective optimal power flow (OPF) with FACTS devices including TTC, power losses, and penalty functions is used to evaluate the feasible maximum TTC value and minimum power loss within real and reactive power generation limits, thermal limits, voltage limits, stability limits, and FACTS devices operation limits. Test results on the modified IEEE 30-bus system indicate that optimally placed OPF with FACTS by the HEA approach could enhance TTC far more than those from evolutionary programming (EP), tabu search (TS), hybrid tabu search and simulated annealing (TS/SA), and improved evolutionary programming (IEP) algorithms, leading to much efficient utilization of the existing transmission systems.
Tuning of Power System Stabilizer (Unitrol D) in Benghazi North Power Plant
Authors: Elmenfy Tawfiq H.
Published: June 2013

The use of power system stabilizers (PSSs) to damp power system swing mode of oscillations is of practical important. The authors purpose is to retune the power system stabilizer (PSS1A) parameters in Unitrol D produced by ABB– was installed in 1995 in Benghazi North Power Plants (BNPPs) at General Electricity Company of Libya (GECOL). Power systems are steadily growing with larger capacity, so the optimal values of the power system stabilizer (PSS1A) parameters should be retuned. A particle swarm optimization technique (PSO) is used to determine the parameters of the PSS off-line. The objective is to damp the local and inter-area modes of oscillations that occur following power system disturbances. The retuned power system stabilizer (PSS1A) can cope with large disturbance at different operating points and has an enhanced power system stability, The MATLAB package with SIMULINK is used for the design and simulations.
Applications of Fuzzy Logic to Systems’ Modelling
Authors: Voskoglou Michael Gr.
Published: June 2013

They appear often situations in a system’s operation characterized by a degree of vagueness and/or uncertainty. In the present paper, the author uses principles of fuzzy logic to develop a general model representing such kind of situations. They also present three alternative methods for measuring a fuzzy system’s effectiveness, including the use of its total possibilistic uncertainty, the classical Shannon’s entropy properly modified for use in a fuzzy environment and the “centroid” method in which the coordinates of the center of mass of the graph of the membership function involved provide an alternative measure of the system’s performance The advantages and disadvantages of each of the above methods are discussed and a combined use of them is suggested in obtaining the ideal profile of the system’s performance according to the user’s personal criteria of goals. An application of their general model is also developed for the Mathematical Modelling process illustrating the use of the author’s fuzzy model in practice.
Implementing Business Processes
Authors: Mok Wai Yin , Hickman Charles F. , Allport Christopher D.
Published: June 2013

Database triggers are database procedures that are executed automatically when certain events occur and conditions are met. This paper presents a design methodology that helps users implement business processes using database triggers. The contributions of this paper are as follows. First, the proposed methodology uses the Unified Modeling Language (UML). UML is a standard modeling language for the software industry and many commercial CASE (Computer-Aided Software Engineering) tools support UML. Second, many expensive ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) software systems are employed to implement business processes. The methodology proposed by this paper produces triggers that can be executed on MySQL, an open-source database system that is free for download. Third, as an example of the usefulness of the proposed methodology, the authors present a case study making use of database triggers in a tax audit process. This process involves many steps that require human intervention, and thus is typical of business processes.
Risk Management Instruments, Strategies and Their Impact on Project Success
Authors: Anantatmula Vittal , Fan Yang
Published: June 2013

Risk is an inseparable event or occurrence to any project and it is a consequence of uncertainties and unknowns associated with the project and its execution. Past research studies generally focused on types of risks and risk management processes. This research effort, using a survey questionnaire, is an attempt to understand types of specific risk mitigation approaches that are commonly employed and their dependency with the type of an organization. This research effort also addressed relation between risk mitigation strategy of an organization and individual project manager’s propensity to risk. Research results show that project risk management plan and it development is likely to be influenced by cost and time aspects of a project but not on the project scope. Further, results revealed that many organizations depend on contingency budget rather than a formalized risk management plan.
Impact of Global Hyperconnectivity and Increased Smartphone Usage on the Delivery and Structure of IT Organizsation in Transport Logistics
Authors: Linke Michael
Published: June 2013

Improved technical IT possibilities in terms of performance, availability, usability, as well as cheaper prices through mass production on a worldwide basis, led to a global, multiconnected, so called ’hyperconnected’ market, of people, goods, ideas and techniques. This situation results in higher demands and a higher customer expectation on a B2B and B2C level and therefore for enhanced logistics challenges especially for Courier, Express & Parcel (CEP) providers worldwide and their respect IT organisations. Within the IT realm of this momentum Smartphones, ’Apps’ and Cloud Computing seem to increase the complexity within logistics IT departments in the first place. From a business point of view the extension of variabilized outsourcing and outtasking of defined parts of the overall value chain could be seen as new influence factors, especially in mature CEP markets. Enterprise Architecture Management (EAM) seems to be one auxiliary to manage this new complexity, by combining the view on the business processes, as well as the technical dimension of the logistics provide
A Framework for Assessing Enterprise-Wide SOA Implementation Readiness
Authors: Abdul-Manan Mahshitah , Hyland Peter
Published: June 2013

Many vendors have acclaimed Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) as a better way to design and build enterprise-wide information systems (EWIS). While these claims may be true in the private sector, there is scant evidence in the literature for the same success in the public sector. The adoption of Enterprise-wide SOA (ESOA) as the dominant development paradigm within an organization often requires significant organizational changes, which are difficult to achieve in the public sector, with its strict hierarchies and departmental independence. Although many government departments are beginning to adopt this new paradigm, the literature does not provide a suitable ESOA implementation readiness framework for use in the public sector. This research proposes a framework based on Critical Success Factors (CSFs) and a CSF scorecard to evaluate an organisation’s ESOA implementation readiness. The framework and scorecard were tested in a test case in the Malaysian government, and the results validate the accuracy and usefulness of both the CSF Framework and the CSF Scorecard.
Sustainability Reporting in State Universities
Authors: Siboni Benedetta , del Sordo Carlotta , Pazzi Silvia
Published: June 2013

Recent years have witnessed an increasing interest towards sustainability reporting from scholars all over the world, especially focusing on large corporations. Research has only recently been carried out regarding sustainability reporting in the public sector; however, very few studies have been published with reference to universities. In Italy, despite the fact that sustainability reporting is not mandatory, two guidelines have been issued to promote it within state universities. To date, only few studies have been published on this topic. To bridge this gap, the current work aims to review and assess the state of sustainability reporting in Italian state universities and therefore it contributes to the international debate about the development of sustainability reporting in the public sector. In doing so, this paper represents one of the first attempts at investigating sustainability reports in universities, and more broadly in the public sector.
Sustainability Performance and CSR Disclosure
Authors: Li Siyuan Seth , Boudreau Marie-Claude , Huber Mark , Watson Richard T.
Published: June 2013

Sustainability disclosure is a topic of great interest among academics and practitioners. As a key means of disclosing an organization’s sustainability information, the corporate social responsibility (CSR) report is adopted by most organizations nowadays. It also becomes an important information source for stakeholders. However, there is a concern that many stakeholders perceive CSR reports are reflections of the sustainability performance of organizations. This misunderstanding could lead to undesired outcomes (e.g., lower the expected risks than actual risks). In this study, the authors explore the relationship between organizations’ CSR disclosure and their sustainability performance. Their result shows that there is a significant relationship between an organizations’ sustainability performance and its sustainability disclosure level. At the same time, they observe many organizations that have inconsistent levels of sustainability performance and disclosure (e.g., good sustainability performance but low level of CSR disclosure). In order to a have comprehensive view of all possible scenarios, the authors propose four archetypes that categorize organizations according to their CSR disclosure levels and sustainability performances. Underpinning theories and rationales are discussed for each archetype.
The Implementation of Sustainability Reporting in SGR Group
Authors: Baldarelli Maria-Gabriella , Del Baldo Mara
Published: June 2013

The implementation of sustainability reporting entails contradictory elements that can involve greenwashing or corporate governance procedures modifications, as well as the mission and accounting system of a company. Based on the premise in this paper, the authors show the end of a first step of research process and answer the question: How does the introduction of a Sustainability Report (SR) transform mission, governance and accountability of enterprises? Attention is focused on the implications of the process of social and sustainable accountability with respect to the values order, structure and tools of governance, and those used to account for and hold the stakeholders accountable for the results, modality, and objectives which characterize the accountability of corporate activity. The deductive research approach is based on an analysis of the literature regarding sustainability development and sustainability reporting. The inductive method is based on the analysis of a research case related to an Italian multi-utility company: SGR Group. The analysis carried out focused on features of the sustainability process started by the company and interpreted it as the challenge launched by the Group to contribute to create, through its own activities, a civil economy which is typical of the corporate culture of responsibility and sustainable market economy built on the civil corporation.
Threat Representation Methods for Composite Service Process Models
Authors: Meland Per Håkon , Gjære Erlend Andreas
Published: June 2013

The Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) has become a popular standard for expressing high level business processes as well as technical specifications for software systems. However, the specification does not contain native support to express security information, which should not be overlooked in today’s world where every organization is exposed to threats and has assets to protect. Although a substantial amount of work enhancing BPMN 1.x with security related information already exists, the opportunities provided by version 2.0 have not received much attention in the security community so far. This paper gives an overview of security in BPMN and investigates several possibilities of representing threats in BPMN 2.0, in particular for design-time specification and runtime execution of composite services with dynamic behavior. Enriching BPMN with threat information enables a process-centric threat modeling approach that complements risk assessment and attack scenarios. We have included examples showing the use of error events, escalation events and text annotations for process, collaboration, choreography and conversation diagrams.
A Modular Cell-Type Focused Inflammatory Process Network Model for Non-Diseased Pulmonary Tissue
Authors: Westra Jurjen W. , Schlage Walter K. , Hengstermann Arnd , Gebel Stephan , Mathis Carole , Thomson Ty , Wong Ben , Hoang Vy , Veljkovic Emilija , Peck Michael , Lichtner Rosemarie B. , Weisensee Dirk , Talikka Marja , Deehan Renee , Hoeng Julia , Peitsch Manuel C.
Published: June 2013

Exposure to environmental stressors such as cigarette smoke (CS) elicits a variety of biological responses in humans, including the induction of inflammatory responses. These responses are especially pronounced in the lung, where pulmonary cells sit at the interface between the body's internal and external environments. We combined a literature survey with a computational analysis of multiple transcriptomic data sets to construct a computable causal network model (the Inflammatory Process Network (IPN)) of the main pulmonary inflammatory processes. The IPN model predicted decreased epithelial cell barrier defenses and increased mucus hypersecretion in human bronchial epithelial cells, and an attenuated pro-inflammatory (M1) profile in alveolar macrophages following exposure to CS, consistent with prior results. The IPN provides a comprehensive framework of experimentally supported pathways related to CS-induced pulmonary inflammation. The IPN is freely available to the scientific community as a resource with broad applicability to study the pathogenesis of pulmonary disease.