bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UM MÉTODO PARA AGRUPAMENTO DE DADOS PARA SIMULAÇÃO DE TERMINAIS DE PASSAGEIROS
Authors: Setti José Reynaldo
Published: July 2015

Este trabalho utiliza analise de variância (ANOVA) para determinar a melhor forma de agregar dados de passageiros de transporte aéreo para posterior utilização num modelo de simulação de terminais. Os dados analisados são: distribuições de chegadas de passageiros e acompanhantes, as relações acompanhante/passageiro na chegada e na partida e a relação bagagem/passageiro. O propósito desta agregação é permitir o uso do menor numero possível de tipos de vôos, ao mesmo tempo em que se preserva as diferenças entre os vários tipos de vôos que possam contribuir para a precisão dos resultados da simulação. O método proposto e demonstrado através da analise de dados de passageiros embarcados e desembarcados no Aeroporto Internacional Lester B. Pearson (Toronto, Canadá). Os resultados obtidos mostram que os vinte grupos usados pela administração do aeroporto para estratificar os dados de passageiros podem ser agrupados em cinco classes: vôos domésticos de curta distancia, vôos domésticos de longa distancia, transborder, internacional e charter.

ABSTRACT

The paper discusses the use of analysis of variance (ANOVA) as a way of clustering data on air passengers for a passenger terminal simulation model. The purpose of the data aggregation presented here is to prepare data on passenger and well-wisher arrival distributions, well-wisher/passenger, greeter/passenger and bag/passenger ratios to feed a simulation model, preserving the differences among flights which may contribute to the accuracy of the simulation results while allowing the use of the smallest number of flight types. The use of the proposed technique is demonstrated in a case study where passenger and visitor arrival distributions observed at Lester B. Pearson International Airport (Toronto, Canada) are subjected to of a set of ANOVA experiments. The results shown that it is possible to isolate significant differences that justify the aggregation of 20 flight sectors into five: domestic short haul, domestic long haul, transborder, international and charter.
UMA CONTRIBUIÇÃO À SOLUÇÃO DO PROBLEMA DE ROTEAMENTO COM MÚLTIPLOS OBJETIVOS
Authors: Souza André Tadeu Paes de , Nassi Carlos David
Published: July 2015

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido a fim de apresentar soluções para o problema de roteamento com múltiplos objetivos. No intuito de analisar a solução para este tipo de problema foi estudado o caso de sistema de ônibus fretado. As conclusões obtidas na elaboração da solução deste tipo de problema poderão ser aplicadas em varias situações de roteamento com múltiplos objetivos. No caso de sistema de ônibus fretado os objetivos principais estabelecidos visando a adoção do sistema proposto foram: a minimização do tempo de viagem dos usuários; a minimização da diferença entre o horário de saída de casa no sistema de transporte atual e o horário de saída apos a adoção do novo sistema; a minimização da distancia percorrida pela frota (custos) e a máxima precisão no horário de chegada. Na elaboração da solução do problema utiliza-se a técnica proposta por Kikuchi, Teodorovic e Hohlacov (1991) que se baseia na utilização conjunta do algoritmo de Clarke-Wright (1962) e do método TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) desenvolvido por Yoon e Hwang (1981) que possibilita a analise do problema contendo objetivos nitidamente conflitantes. O algoritmo utilizado para a solução do problema foi implementado em microcomputador compatível ao IBMPC, com as adaptações necessárias às características do problema. Analisa-se um caso particular buscando interpretar os resultados obtidos. Nesta analise variamos os pesos atribuídos a cada função objetivo, permitindo assim uma maior compreensão do comportamento do problema frente a variação dos desejos dos usuários e operadores (nível de importância relativa de cada função objetivo). A técnica de solução aqui utilizada pode ser empregada em qualquer problema de roteamento que permita a comparação entre os índices obtidos pelos pares de nos nas diferentes funções objetivo que forem analisadas. O programa desenvolvido não se limita a solução deste problema, pois pode-se utilizá-lo tanto para passageiros quanto para mercadorias. Pode-se aplicar o mesmo método para uma empresa que deve realizar o transporte de uma matéria-prima que deve ficar o menor tempo possível em trânsito.
TRANSIÇÕES INSTITUCIONAIS NOS TRANSPORTES PÚBLICOS: A EXPERIÊNCIA BRITÂNICA DE DESREGULAMENTAÇÃO
Authors: Aragão Joaquim Jose Guilherme de
Published: July 2015

Na presente contribuição, analisa-se a experiência britânica de desregulamentação do transporte publico de passageiro. Inicialmente, retomam-se as discussões que colocaram em questão o padrão comum de envolvimento do Estado nesses serviços, que é de regulamentá-lo fortemente, subsidiá-lo e até de operá-lo. Descrevem-se as medidas colocadas em prática pelo governo britânico para reintroduzir a pura lógica de mercado no setor, assim como as justificativas por ele declaradas. Em seguida, são resumidas as avaliações por parte de diversas fontes, da dita experiência, sendo esse resumo sistematizado nos submodos transporte urbano, transporte rodoviário interurbano e transporte rural. Após esse relato, retoma-se o confronto de discussões, desta vez das realizadas depois da implantação do processo. Por fim, a luz dessas análises e a título de conclusão, algumas indagações sobre a estrutura econômica e institucional do setor de transporte publico são colocadas pelo autor.

Abstract:

In the present contribution, the British public passenger transport deregulation experience is analyzed. Initially, the discussions which put into question the common role of State with respect to these services (strong regulation, subsidies and even direct operation by government) are resumed. The measures taken by the British Government in order to reintroduce market orientation into the sector and also their justifications are then described. In a further section, the evaluations made by several studies on deregulation experience are systemized with respect to urban, intercity rural transport. After this description, the opinions and positions put after the ion of the deregulation experiation are resumed. Finally and conclusively, the author puts some questions on the economic and institutional structure of the public transport sector.
TRANSPORTE POR VANS - O QUE CONSIDERAR NO PROCESSO DE REGULAMENTAÇÃO?
Authors: Balassiano Ronaldo
Published: July 2015

A redução nas taxas de importação nos anos 90 contribuiu para o aumento da importação de veículos novos que não são atualmente produzidos pelas montadoras instaladas no Brasil. As vans têm se popularizado em cidades como o Rio de Janeiro no atendimento a demanda de serviços considerados não convencionais ou informais. Existem ainda casos constatados da utilização destas vans em rotas normalmente operadas por serviço regular de ônibus urbano. Constata-se que as Secretarias (Municipal, Estadual) responsáveis pelo gerenciamento do setor de Transportes no Rio de Janeiro, estão preocupadas com a regulamentação deste serviço que vem se popularizando e se tornando uma alternativa viável ao usuário do transporte regular além de oferecer uma alternativa ao usuário do carro particular. O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir o papel desempenhado por este tipo de serviço em grandes centros urbanos, e também aspectos gerais que deveriam ser considerados neste processo de regulamentação. Discute-se também o problema atual dos transportes coletivos na cidade do Rio de Janeiro e conclui-se que as vans tem potencial, se regulamentadas de forma adequada, para contribuir na melhoria do transporte publico da cidade.

ABSTRACT

Import tax reductions in the 90's have contributed to an increase in vehicles importation, currently not assembled in Brazil. Vans are very popular in cities such as Rio de Janeiro, responding to the demand of non-conventional or informal transport services. The are also some cases where these vans are replacing bus services on conventional bus routes. The Municipal and State Transport Secretaries are concerned with how to regulate these services. The vans are turning into a viable alternative to public transport users and to car users too. The main objective of this paper is to discuss the role played by this type of service in busy urban centers and also some aspects to be taken into account in the regulation process. The current public transport problem in Rio de Janeiro is also focused and the conclusion is that the vans have the potential to improve public transport use in the city, if adequately regulated.
Avaliação dos impactos do tráfego na mobilidade da população infantil através da análise de correspondência múltipla
Authors: Mouette Dominique , Aidar Tirza , Waismam Jaime
Published: July 2015

o pedestre apesar de ser um dos elementos dos sistemas de transportes raramente é considerado no planejamento de transportes, mesmo tendo seus deslocamentos grandemente prejudicados pelo tráfego de veículos e pelas características da via. Uma das inibições às quais o pedestre está exposto refere-se ao efeito barreira, que impõe uma série de dificuldades à mobilidade do pedestre. Na análise e avaliação do efeito barreira é necessário estudar um grande número de variáveis com diferentes características e ordens de grandeza, inclusive trabalhando-se concomitantemente com variáveis ordinais e nominais. Neste trabalho aplica-se uma técnica denominada Análise de Correspondência Múltipla, que permite analisar diferentes tipos de variáveis simultaneamente, em um grupo de crianças sujeitas ao fenômeno do efeito barreira. É demonstrada a aplicação desta técnica estatística e também avaliados impactos nas crianças estudadas. O trabalho indicou haver correlações entre a percepção do tráfego na via estudada, o grau de mobilidade e a quantidade de atividades e de locais freqüentados pelas crianças no bairro.
Aspectos práticos da aplicação de modelos de roteirização de veículos a problemas reais
Authors: Cunha Claudio Barbieri da
Published: July 2015

Este trabalho tem por objetivo discutir aspectos práticos que afetam a aplicação de modelos matemáticos a problemas de roteirização de veículos, com destaque para condicionantes encontrados em aplicações reais. Alguns desses condicionantes são específicos da realidade brasileira e podem afetar o desempenho e a qualidade das soluções obtidas através de pacotes comerciais disponíveis no mercado. Por outro lado, apontam para oportunidades desafiadoras de desenvolvimento de novos algoritmos de solução. O artigo também trata aspectos do levantamento de dados, em especial de dados espaciais e sua influência na qualidade das soluções.
Validação de um modelo de desempenho de caminhões em rampas ascendentes
Authors: Demarchi Sergio Henrique , Melo Ricardo Almeida de , Setti José Reynaldo
Published: July 2015

Este artigo descreve a validação de um modelo de desempenho de veículos pesados a partir de curvas empíricas de desempenho em rampas ascendentes elaboradas para caminhões cuja massa, modelo e potência são conhecidos. Os dados foram obtidos numa rodovia de pista simples do estado de São Paulo, onde existe uma balança móvel. O método de levantamento das curvas distância-velocidade consistiu em seguir os caminhões em um automóvel e ler as velocidades no velocímetro do automóvel nos instantes em que o caminhão passava por pontos predefinidos, a cada 100 metros, ao longo da rampa. As curvas de desaceleração observadas empiricamente foram comparadas com curvas obtidas através de um modelo analítico, calibrado com informações obtidas de caminhões em uma balança rodoviária e da literatura especializada. Verificou-se que os parâmetros inicialmente adotados na calibração eram adequados somente para caminhões rígidos. Assim, o modelo foi recalibrado para melhor representar o desempenho de caminhões articulados. Embora a quantidade de curvas empíricas obtidas não tenha sido muito grande, pode-se concluir que o modelo de desempenho foi satisfatoriamente validado para as categorias de caminhões analisadas.
Planen und Bauen von zukunftsfähigen Hochschulbibliothekssystemen – zentral und dezentral
Authors: Söllner Konstanze , Sühl-Strohmenger Wilfried
Published: July 2015

Die Thematik Hochschulbibliothekssysteme ist in den vergangenen Jahren wieder aktuell geworden. Bibliothekssoftware aus der Cloud, zentrale Lizenzierung, nutzergesteuerte Erwerbung oder Forschungsdatenmanagement sind Entwicklungen, deren Auswirkungen auf Hochschulbibliothekssysteme enorm sein können. Im „Handbuch Hochschulbibliothekssysteme“ [Vgl. Handbuch Hochschulbibliothekssysteme. Leistungsfähige Informationsinfrastrukturen für Wissenschaft und Studium. Hrsg. von Konstanze Söllner, Wilfried Sühl-Strohmenger. Berlin, Boston 2014.] (2014) geht es um die Beschreibung und Analyse von Informationsinfrastrukturen für Wissenschaft und Studium aus möglichst vielen unterschiedlichen Blickwinkeln, mit dem Ziel einer Bestandsaufnahme, aber auch mit dem Anspruch, Eckpunkte für zukunftsfähige Hochschulbibliothekssysteme sichtbar zu machen. Der Beitrag konzentriert sich auf exemplarische Modelle der Reorganisation von Bibliothekssystemen im deutschsprachigen Raum.
Production of selenium-enriched milk and dairy products
Authors: Csapó J. , Holló G. , Holló I. , Salamon R. V. , Salamon Sz. , Toró Sz. , Kiss Zs. Csapóné
Published: July 2015

Until the middle of the last century, selenium was considered to be toxic, but recently it turned out to be a micronutrient with important physiological effects, whose lack impedes the functioning of several enzymes, while in the case of a prolonged deficiency, disease processes can also occur in the body. Hungary belongs to the selenium-deficient regions in Europe; therefore, our aim was to contribute to the improvement of selenium supply of the population through increasing the selenium content of milk and dairy products. A daily supplementation of 1-6 mg organic selenium to the feed of dairy cows increases the selenium content of milk from the value of 18 μg/kg to 94 μg/kg in 8 weeks, decreasing again to the initial value in 6 weeks after stopping the supplementation.

After producing various products from the control milk (18 μg/kg selenium content) and the selenium-enriched milk (53 μg/kg) obtained from dairy cattle fed on a feed supplemented with 2 mg selenium/day, we concluded that the selenium content of selenium-enriched milk compared to the products produced from the control milk increased from the value of 18.6 to 58.5 μg/kg in the case of yogurt, from 66.0 to 138.1 μg/kg in the case of telemea, from 80.8 to 163.7 μg/kg in the case of orda (urdă) and from 88.6 to 200.0 μg/kg in the case of semi-hard cheese obtained by mixed-coagulation. The selenium content of whey also increased significantly (from 8.8-9.7 μg/kg to 20.1-25.8 μg/kg), which could also be used as a food for people or feed for animals. According to our calculations, the selenium requirements of the developing organism could be satisfied by the consumption of 2-3 dl selenium-enriched milk until the age of 8 and with 4-6 dl selenium-enriched milk until the age of 20.
Somatic cell count of milk from different goat breeds
Authors: Csanádi J. , Fenyvessy J. , Bohata S.
Published: July 2015

There is no standard limit value for somatic cell count (SCC) of raw goat milk in the EU despite that excellent hygienic quality milk is needed for the manufacture of fermented milk products or cheese varieties. Mastitis often results such high SCC - besides the potential risk for humans - that the clotting of milk will not be perfect, resulting slack curd with higher whey releasing; furthermore, wrong structure, ripening, bad sensory properties of cheese can also be its consequences. In this paper, we report the SCC of milk samples from five different goat breeds bred in Hungary, measured with two fast methods compared with the results from the reference method. Furthermore, we investigated the applicability and the accuracy of the MT-02 (Agro Legato Ltd., Hungary) instrument. We determined that the White Side test and the instrument MT were suitable for the estimation of possible risks and consequences in the case of the use of high SCC milk before production. The general summarized average milk SCC was 6.64 × 105 ml−1. The highest difference between the results from MT-02 and the fluorometric (reference) method was 5 × 105 ml−1, but it was a singular, extreme value. The r2 of the calculated linear calibration equation was 0.7819; consequently, this method seems to be applicable in the measurement of SCC with MT-02 instrument. Furthermore, the SCC of samples did not differ significantly by genotypes and by seasons (spring: 5.85 × 105 ml−1, autumn: 6.22 × 105 ml−1).
Milling technological experiments to reduce Fusarium toxin contamination in wheat
Authors: Véha A. , Szabó P. , Bartók T. , Gyimes E.
Published: July 2015

We examine 4 different DON-toxin-containing (0.74 - 1.15 - 1.19 - 2.14 mg/kg) winter wheat samples: they were debranned and undebranned, and we investigated the flour’s and the by-products’ (coarse, fine bran) toxin content changes. SATAKE lab-debranner was used for debranning and BRABENDER lab-mill for the milling process. Without debranning, two sample flours were above the DON toxin limit (0.75 mg/kg), which are waste. By minimum debranning (and minimum debranning mass loss; 6-8%), our experience with whole flour is that the multi-stage debranning measurement significantly reduces the content of the flour’s DON toxin, while the milling by-products, only after careful consideration and DON toxin measurements, may be produced for public consumption and for feeding.
Investigation of rheological properties of winter wheat varieties during storage
Authors: Móré M. , Diósi G. , Sipos P. , Győri Z.
Published: July 2015

The paper shows the results of some experimental researches on the rheological characteristics of the dough obtained from the flour of three winter wheat varieties. We used valorigraph test to determine the rheological properties of wheat flour dough, because it determines the quality of the end-products. Winter wheat varieties (Lupus, Mv Toldi and GK Csillag) were produced and their samples were collected on Látókép Research Farm of the University of Debrecen in the crop year of 2011/2012. We have carried out a short-term storage experiment (from July to August, 2012). We analysed the changes in water absorption capacity, dough stability time and valorigraph quality number for 3 times (24.07.2012, 31.07.2012, 21.08.2012) during short-term storage. Our results showed that the baking quality of Lupus, Mv Toldi and GK Csillag improved during the storage period.
High hydrostatic pressure: Can we trust published data?
Authors: Németh Cs. , Castillo L. A. , Horváth F. , Zeke I. , Friedrich L. , Balla Cs. , Németh Z. , Póti P.
Published: July 2015

There are numerous new technologies whose implementation in food industry is hampered by the fact that people hesitate to invest in expensive systems which they cannot be sure will work or at least are questionable in terms of a given product. Until recently, preservation by HHP, high hydrostatic pressure, was such a technology, and still is today in some branches of the food industry. Investigations were conducted to answer the question of whether the literature, the laboratory, and the industrial (or at least pilot plant) measurements and results agree with one another. We compared the literature data with two HHP systems which were significantly different in terms of treatment capacity, but their efficiency in killing microbes was studied under the same treatment parameters. Our results show that in nearly all cases only minimal differences exist between the data in the literature and the measurements taken on the two appliances.
Aluminium toxicity in winter wheat
Authors: Szabó A. , Gyimes E. , Véha A.
Published: July 2015

Aluminium is the most frequent metal of the earth crust; it occurs mainly as biologically inactive, insoluble deposit. Environmental problems, industrial contaminations and acid rains increase the soil acidity, leading to the mobilization of Al. Half of the world’s potential arable lands are acidic; therefore, Al-toxicity decreases crop productivity. Wheat is a staple food for 35% of the world population. The effects of Al-stress (0.1 mM) were studied on winter wheat; seedlings were grown hydroponically, at acidic pH. After two weeks, the root weight was decreased; a significant difference was found in the P- and Ca-content. The shoot weight and element content changed slightly; Al-content in the root was one magnitude higher than in the shoot, while Al-translocation was limited. The root plasma membrane H+-ATPase has central role in the uptake processes; Al-stress increased the Mg2+-ATPase activity of the microsomal fraction.
Lycopene and flesh colour differences in grafted and non-grafted watermelon
Authors: Fekete D. , Stéger-Máté M. , Bőhm V. , Balázs G. , Kappel N.
Published: July 2015

The experiment was carried out in three regions in Hungary (Jászszentandrás, Cece, Újkígyós) in 2013 to determine the fruit quality of grafted watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.). The “RX 467” seedless watermelon variety was grafted on two commercial rootstocks “FR STRONG” [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.] and “RS 841” (Cucurbita maxima Duchesne × Cucurbita moschata Duchesne). The lycopene and flesh colours are important quality characteristics even of the selfrooted and grafted watermelon. Some differences can be attributed to different environments, technological methods and to the type of rootstockscion combination. Lycopene is a strong antioxidant; therefore, we considered to examine the content change. Regardless of growing location, the lycopene concentration and the chroma (C*) showed the best result in the case of interspecific rootstock. The result also showed that in two regions (Jászszentandrás, Cece) we can find negative correlation between the lycopene concentration and the L* value of the flesh colour.
Experiences of using the fruit waste of the modern Hungarian pálinka fermentation technology for the foraging of extensively kept grey cattle
Authors: Barabás A. , Szigeti J.
Published: July 2015

In this article, the authors report on the experiences of six years of foraging, describing how the fruit wastes generated in the Pannonhalmi Pálinkárium are utilized for foraging Hungarian grey cattle. The goal is not the control or improvement of the cattle’s growth indices but the problem-free, continuous and eco-friendly disposal of the fruit waste. They have found that the fruit waste or pomace is virtually nothing else than protein-enriched sugar-free fruit, and that during the utilization of this they have to maximally adapt to the cattle’s life-cycle, biological nature and environmental factors, and they will repay you by eating the pomace. They conclude that the grey cattle are a skin-and-hairs-covered bioreactor, which provides an economical service for the distillery through the utilization of the fruit waste. Nowadays, 150,000-200,000 tons of fruit waste is produced every year, and only a few percent of this is utilized in ruminant forage. By writing this article, the authors would like to expand our very scarce knowledge on this topic.
Antimicrobial resistance of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from meat
Authors: Różańska Hanna , Lewtak-Piłat Aleksandra , Osek Jacek
Published: July 2015

The aim of the study was the evaluation of the antimicrobial resistance of Enterococcus faecalis strains isolated from cattle, pig, and poultry meat. A test was performed on 111 strains using the minimum inhibitory concentration technique. The highest number of isolates (94 strains) were resistant to lincomycin, the second-highest resistance was to quinupristin/dalfopristin (88 strains), tetracycline followed (65 strains), and erythromycin resistance was also notable (40 strains). All isolates tested were sensitive to daptomycin, nitrofurantoine, and tigecycline, whereas only few strains were resistant to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, penicillin, and vancomycin. The obtained results showed that meat may be a source of antimicrobial resistant enterococci which may be transferred to humans
A Novel Social Network Structural Balance Based on the Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Xing Li Zhao , Le He Li , Hui Zhang
Published: July 2015

Exploration of the structural balance of social networks is of great importance for theoretical analysis and practical use. This study modeled the structural balance of social networks as a mathematical optimization problem by using swarm intelligence, and an efficient discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm was proposed to solve the modeled optimization problem. To take advantage of the topologies of social networks in the algorithm design, the discrete representation of the particle was redefined, and the discrete particle update principles were redesigned. To validate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, experiments were conducted using synthetic and real-world social networks. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm not only achieves a balanced social network structure, but also automatically detects the community topology of networks.
A Study on the Approximation of Clustered Data to Parameterized Family of Fuzzy Membership Functions for the Induction of Fuzzy Decision Trees
Authors: Narayanan Swathi J. , Paramasivam Ilango , Bhatt Rajen B. , Khalid M.
Published: July 2015

This paper investigates the Triangular, Trapezoidal and Gaussian approximation methods for the purpose of induction of Fuzzy Decision Trees (FDT). The generation of FDT is done using a Fuzzy ID3 induction algorithm. In this work three fuzzy partitioning techniques which form the basis for our investigation are given attention, namely Fuzzy C Means clustering (FCM), Grid partitioning and Subtractive clustering (Subclust). Our contribution lies in studying the effect of various approximations on the generation of FDT giving specific attention to the classification accuracy of FDT. In this study we show that the accuracy levels of FDT generated using FCM clustered raw data, bypassing the approximation step, is acceptable and this method has several advantages too. Several computational experiments are conducted and non parametric statistical tests are performed to find if any significant differences exist between the method of bypassing the approximation step and the other methods which include approximation. Ten FDTs are developed and used in this study. These FDT’s differ in their fuzzy partitioning techniques and the approximation methods used.
Compress-and-Forward for Relay Broadcast Channels without Common Messages
Authors: Song Xiaoxia , Li Yong
Published: July 2015

This paper is connected with compress-and-forward strategy for two-user relay broadcast channels without common messages, where the relay node has private messages from the source, in addition to aiding traditional communication from the source to the destination. For this channel we derive two achievable rate regions based on the compress-and-forward strategy in cases of discrete memoryless channels and Gaussian channels, respectively. The numerical results for Gaussian relay broadcast channel show that the inner bound based on the compress-and-forward strategy improves when all the messages without peeling off any components are compressed and sent to the receiver. It also verifies that the inner bound based on compress-and-forward strategy is better than that based on decode-and-forward strategy, when the relay node is near to the sink node. Moreover, the rate region of the broadcast channel improves considerably when the collaboration between the two receivers is allowed. So the relay node can provide residual resources to help the communication between the source and the sink after its communication rate is satisfied, which gives some insights to select an available relay node in a practical communication system.
Privacy-Preserving of Check-in Services in MSNS Based on a Bit Matrix
Authors: Wen Chen
Published: July 2015

Check-in service, being one of the most popular services in Mobile Social Network Services (MSNS), has serious personal privacy leakage threats. In this paper check-in sequences of pseudonym users were buffered, and a bit matrix for buffered check-in sequences was built, which can achieve privacy guarantee of k-anonymity. The method guarantees that the number of lost check-in locations is minimized while satisfying users’ privacy requirements. Besides, it also reduces the cost of finding a trajectory k-anonymity set. At last, the results of a set of comparative experiments with (k, δ)-anonymity on real world datasets show the method accuracy and efficiency.
Comparative Study of a Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Observer and an Extended Kalman Filter for a Freeway Traffic System
Authors: Majid H. , Abouaïssa H.
Published: July 2015

Traffic state estimation represents one of the important ingredients for traffic prediction and forecasting. The work presented in this paper deals with the estimation of traffic state variables (density and speed), using the so called Super- Twisting Sliding Mode Observer (STSM). Several numerical simulations, using simulated and real data, show the relevance of the proposed approach. In addition, a comparative study with the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is carried-out. The comparison indices concern convergence and stability, dynamic performance and robustness. The design of the two observers is achieved using a nonlinear second order traffic flow model in the same highway traffic and geometric conditions.
Experimental data and kinetic models in terms of methanol formation during oxygen delignification processes of alkaline pulps
Authors: Hu Hui-Chao , Chai Xin-Sheng , Zhang Chun-Yun , Fu Li-Min , Barnes Donald , Huang Liulian , Chen Lihui
Published: July 2015

This paper reports on the formation of methanol (MeOH) during conventional oxygen delignification (OD) of four typical alkaline pulps, namely, southern pine kraft pulp (SP-KP), wheat straw soda pulp (WS-SP), and eucalyptus kraft pulp (E-KP) with κ numbers (KN) of 32.8 and 16.9 (E-KP32.8 and E-KP16.9). Based on the mass transfer effect of MeOH and a proposed demethoxylation reaction pathway of lignin, two kinds of kinetic models were proposed to predict MeOH formation. The results show that the two-stage pseudo kinetic model with a first-order rate equation is adequate, which was further modified to a first-order kinetic model by means of which MeOH formation during OD of the pulps can be effectively predicted. Finally, the single set of kinetic parameters for the WS-SP, E-KP32.8, and E-KP16.9 pulps was calculated. The proposed kinetic model is considered as a valuable tool for the prediction and control of MeOH formation during OD of various alkaline pulps.
An analysis of noun tone groups in Bafut
Authors: Neba Ayu’nwi Ngwabe
Published: July 2015

This paper identifies and explains tone patterns in Bafut nouns. After identifying the following tone processes: Tone Lowering (TL), High Tone Spread (HTS) and Phrase Final L Tone Docking (PFLTD), the paper demonstrates that besides the traditional morphological noun classes known to exist in Bantu languages, nouns can also be classified on the basis of tone patterns. The application of TL results in two classes: a class of nouns whose first syllable only is affected by TL and another whose two or more syllables are affected. HTS on the other hand, produces three classes: nouns with a surface high falling contour on their first syllables, nouns with a surface high tone in this same position and those with a downstepped H on all its syllables. PFLTD on its part produces two classes: nouns with a surface utterance final L and those with a final H tone. Data analysis reveals that the behaviour of a noun vis-à-vis the application of TL, HTS and PFLTD depends on whether the noun is lexically toneless, high toned or low toned and whether a noun has a HH or H stem. Tone patterns in Bafut nouns seem to be a kaleidoscope of the historical changes reported in the literature about Grassfields Bantu languages.
Of Babies and Bathwater. A Review of Tuukka Kaidesoja Naturalizing Critical Realist Social Ontology
Authors: Elder-Vass Dave
Published: July 2015

Tuukka Kaidesoja’s new book is a welcome addition to the literature on critical realism. He shows good judgement in defending Roy Bhaskar’s argument for causal powers while criticising its framing as a transcendental argument. In criticising Bhaskar’s concept of a real-but-not-actual ontological domain, however, he discards an essential element of a realist ontology, even a naturalised one: a recognition of the transfactual aspect of causal power.
Tuukka Kaidesoja on Critical Realist Transcendental Realism
Authors: Groff Ruth
Published: July 2015

I argue that critical realists think pretty much what Tukka Kaidesoja says that he himself thinks, but also that Kaidesoja’s objections to the views that he attributes to critical realists are not persuasive.
Elaborating Naturalized Critical Realism: Response to Ruth Groff, Dave Elder-Vass, Daniel Little and Petri Ylikoski
Authors: Kaidesoja Tuukka
Published: July 2015

This paper is a reply to the discussions of Ruth Groff, Dave Elder-Vass, Daniel Little, and Petri Ylikoski of Tuukka Kaidesoja (2013): Naturalizing Critical Realist Social Ontology (London: Routledge).
The Structure of Tort Law, Revisited: The Problem of Corporate Responsibility
Authors: Ewing Benjamin
Published: July 2015

The prevalence of instrumentalist (particularly economic) approaches to tort law owes not only to the success of the law and economics movement but also to lingering questions about how well tort law instantiates such non-economic values as fairness and responsibility. In this article I use recent work in philosophy to help defend the view that tort law embodies distinctive interpersonal norms of responsibility. First, I draw on T. M. Scanlon’s work to help clarify the role that morally significant forms of agential responsibility play in tort law. Second, I connect the resulting analysis with Christian List’s and Philip Pettit’s theory of group agency and responsibility to defend the idea that responsibility-based explanations and justifications of tort law continue to make sense even when—as is often the case—defendants are groups such as corporations rather than individual human agents.
Comparison of Total Tumor Volume, Size and Number of Colorectal Liver Metastases in Prediction of Survival in Patients after Liver Resection
Authors: Hołówko Wacław , Grąt Michał , Wronka Karolina Maria , Stypułkowski Jan , Roszkowski Rafał , Studnicki Paweł , Krawczyk Marek
Published: July 2015

Liver is the most common location of the colorectal cancer metastases occurrence. Liver resection is the only curative method of treatment. Unfortunately it is feasible only in 25% of patients with colorectal liver metastases, often because of the extensiveness of the disease.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the predictive value of total tumor volume, size and number of colorectal liver metastases in patients treated with right hemihepatectomy.

Material and methods. A retrospective analysis was performed in a group of 135 patients with colorectal liver metastases, who were treated with right hemihepatectomy. Total tumor volume was estimated based on the formula (4/3)πr3. Moreover, the study included an analysis of data on the number and size of tumors, radicality of the resection, time between primary tumor resection and liver resection, pre-operative blood serum concentration of carcinoembryonal antigen (CEA) and carcinoma antigen Ca19-9. The predictive value of the factors was evaluated by applying a Cox proportional hazards model and the area under the ROC curve.

Results. The univariate analysis has shown the predictive value of size of the largest tumor (p=0.033; HR=1.065 per each cm) on the overall survival, however no predictive value of number of tumors (p=0.997; HR=1.000) and total tumor volume (p=0.212; HR=1.002) was observed. The multivariate analysis did not confirm the predictive value of the size of the largest tumor (p=0.141; HR=1.056). In the analysis of ROC curves, AUROC for the total tumor volume, the size of the largest tumor and the number of tumors were 0.629, 0.608, 0.520, respectively.

Conclusions. Total tumor volume, size and number of liver metastases are not independent risk factors for the worse overall survival of patients with colorectal liver metastases treated with liver resection, therefore increased values of these factors should not be a contraindication for surgical treatment
Expression of the PLS3 Gene in Circulating Cells in Patients with Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Kujawski Ryszard , Przybyłowska-Sygut Karolina , Mik Michał , Lewandowski Miłosz , Trzciński Radzisław , Berut Maciej , Dziki Łukasz , Majsterek Ireneusz , Dziki Adam
Published: July 2015

Circulating tumor cells (CTC) are cells in circulating blood that have the antigen and gene features of tumor cells of a specific type. Since they can be potentially used in diagnostics and monitoring of treatment of many tumors, they have been attracting attention of researchers worldwide. Plastin-3 (PL S3) is one of such markers of CTC.

The aim of the study was to assess expression of PL S3 in CTC in patients with colorectal cancer, to conduct a statistical analysis and to demonstrate a link between expression of PL S3 and progress of the disease, level of CEA and Ca19-9 markers, gender and age of the patients.

Material and methods. A group of 85 patients of the Department of General and Colorectal Surgery of the Medical University in Łódź were enrolled in this study. Circulating tumor cells were isolated from whole blood of patients with colorectal cancer and an analysis of PL S3 gene expression in CTC was conducted. The next step was to conduct a statistical analysis and to demonstrate a link between expression of PL S3 in patients’ CTC and progress of the disease, level of CEA and Ca19-9 markers, gender and age of the patients.

Results. PL S3 is a marker which can be potentially used in prediction and monitoring of colorectal cancer. A link between expression of PL S3 in CTC of patients with colorectal cancer and metastasis to lymph nodes has been demonstrated. It may be of key importance how PL S3 could impact the qualification to supplementary cancer treatment in patients with stage II colorectal cancer. A link between expression of PL S3 gene in CTC and gender requires further in-depth studies. It is beyond doubt that PL S3 must be further investigated to determine its role in diagnostics, prediction, treatment and monitoring of treatment of colorectal cancer
A Change of Traditional Method of Treatment of Partial Thickness Burn with Hydrofibre Dressings
Authors: Mitura Kryspin , Osłowska Jolanta , Mitura Alicja
Published: July 2015

Nearly 1% of population is affected with burn trauma annually. Among patients seeking advanced medical care almost 8% require hospital stay. Most burns are superficial and do not cause full thickness damage to the skin. Standard topical treatment of burn wounds with creams and ointments requires frequent dressings’ changes. The healing process is long and expensive. The technological revolution, as occurred in the last decade in the field of dressing care allows us to introduce the use of advanced material solutions. Modern materials allow to shorten the treatment time, reduce the expenses and diminish the patient discomfort leading to good outcome.

The study presented a case of four patients treated due to the partial thickness burn wound. Hydrofiber dressing with silver ions were introduced in the treatment. We observed good short and long term results
The Influence of Micropauses on Surgeons’ Precision After Short Laparoscopy Procedures
Authors: Komorowski Andrzej L. , Usero David Dominguez , Rodil Jose Ramon Martin‑Hidalgo , Topór-Mądry Roman
Published: July 2015

It has recently been shown that micropauses during long surgical procedures can be beneficial for surgeons’ precision and fatigue.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of micropauses on surgical precision measured by a simple smartphone application.

Material and methods. Two surgeons performed 40 simple laparoscopic procedures (appendectomy and cholecystectomy) with or without micropauses. After the operation the precision of surgical movements was measured by a simple smartphone application in which the number of successful trials and their mean time were used as a precision surrogate.

Results. Mean number of successful trials was significantly higher for appendectomy than for cholecystectomy (5.59 vs 4; p = 0.032). There was a difference between participating surgeons both in terms of number of successful trials (5.80 vs 3.55; p = 0.01) and a mean time of all successful trials (10.03 vs 6.28; p = 0.001). No other statistically significant differences were identified.

Conclusion. Micropauses had no influence on surgical precision as evaluated after short laparoscopy procedures. The only differences were surgeon-dependent and intervention-dependent.
Is the Age of Patients with Iatrogenic Bile Duct Injuries Increasing?
Authors: Stankiewicz Rafał , Najnigier Bogusław , Krawczyk Marek
Published: July 2015

Resection of the gall-bladder is still the most common surgical procedure performed at general surgery departments. The laparoscopic method used in the majority of cases offers considerable benefits but at the same time is associated with an increased rate of bile duct complications. So far, a slim female aged 25-50 years was a typical patient with a iatrogenic bile duct injury.

The aim of the study was to identify the age of patients with iatrogenic bile duct injuries as well as the clinical course observed in recent years.

Material and methods. Gender and age structure of patients admitted to the Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery between the beginning of 2011 and June 2014 and treated for iatrogenic bile duct injuries, complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, were analysed. The patients were referred to the department as a reference centre.

Results. In the group of 186 patients, females predominated (69.4%) and the mean age was 52 years. A considerable increase in the mean age of patients treated in 2014 as compared with previous years was seen. This was related to an increased rate of bile duct injuries in patients aged over 70 years, who accounted for about 25% of the group. In previous years, bile duct injuries in patients of such an advanced age happened considerably less frequently.

Conclusions. A iatrogenic bile duct injury in an elderly person may prove a fatal complication. A repair surgery, i.e. the biliary-enteric anastomosis, is a major and burdensome procedure, particularly in the case of patients aged over 70 years. Special caution during laparoscopic cholecystectomy is advised in this population, and the slightest doubts should lead to conversion.
Surgical Correction of a Webbed-Neck Deformity in Turner’S Syndrome
Authors: Zieliński Tomasz , Lorenc-Podgórska Katarzyna , Antoszewski Bogusław
Published: July 2015

Turner’s syndrome occurs in approximately 1 out of every 2,000 to 2,500 live-born girls. This genetically determined pathology is characterised by multiple congenital anomalies. A typical form of this syndrome is associated with a lack of one of the sex chromosomes (karyotype 45, X). From the point of view of plastic surgery, one of the most important elements of the therapy is correction of the webbed neck deformity.

The aim of the study was to present the possibilities of surgical treatment of a webbed neck of patients with Turner’s syndrome and the evaluation of treatment results.

In the years 2000-2012, six children with Turner’s syndrome were treated because of the webbed neck deformity. The age of patients ranged from 9 to 17 years.

In the case of all patients, the aim was to distribute the neck skin folds by using Z-plasty in conjunction with a shift to the back of glabrous skin flaps mobilised from the anterolateral surface of the neck. In the case of four operated patients, the folds were completely removed and a correct symmetrical outline of the neck was obtained. One patient was found to have unilateral moderate webbed neck recurrence after about 2 years of treatment. In one case, the correction was insufficient. The performed surgical procedures enabled correction of low hairline only in the lateral parts of the neck. The lower line of the scalp in the central part of the neck has remained unchanged.

The lateral approach with a shift of glabrous skin flap to the back, which we performed, allows for effective reduction of the webbed neck, excision of bands of the connective tissue and correction of the low hairline on the side of the neck. Z-plasty enables an adequate extension of scars and improves the contour of the neck.
Analysis of complications after blood components’ transfusions
Authors: Timler Dariusz , Klepaczka Jadwiga , Kasielska-Trojan Anna , Bogusiak Katarzyna
Published: July 2015

Complications after blood components still constitute an important clinical problem and serve as limitation of liberal-transfusion strategy.

The aim of the study was to present the 5-year incidence of early blood transfusions complications and to assess their relation to the type of the transfused blood components.

Material and methods. 58,505 transfusions of blood components performed in the years 2006-2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Data concerning the amount of the transfused blood components and the numbers of adverse transfusion reactions reported to the Regional Blood Donation and Treatment Center (RBDTC) was collected.

Results. 95 adverse transfusion reactions were reportedto RBDTC 0.16% of alldonations (95/58 505) - 58 after PRBC transfusions, 28 after platelet concentrate transfusions and 9 after FFP transfusion. Febrile nonhemolytic and allergic reactions constitute respectively 36.8% and 30.5% of all complications.

Conclusion. Nonhemolyticand allergic reactions are the most common complications of blood components transfusion and they are more common after platelet concentrate transfusions in comparison to PRBC and FFP donations.
Endovascular treatment of renal artery occlusion caused by aortic stentgraft migration
Authors: Stanišić Michał Goran , Majewska Natalia , Romanowski Michał , Kulesza Jerzy , Juszkat Robert , Makałowski Marcin , Majewski Wacław
Published: July 2015

Renal function impairment during interventional procedures became a real clinical problem. Contrast related nephropathy is the most common cause of renal failure, however, the procedure-related technical troubles may cause unexpected renal dysfunction.Technical failure of EVAR resulting in acute renal dysfunction is presented. The postprocedural occlusion of the right renal artery was treated in chimney technique. Early reintervention allowed the kidney preservation and renal function restoration.

It is impossible to avoid all the complications following treatment of aortic aneurysm, but they can be anticipated and comprehensively treated in collaboration with other specialists.