bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What polarizes citizens? An explorative analysis of 817 attitudinal items from a non-random online panel in Germany
Authors: Teney Céline , Pietrantuono Giuseppe , Wolfram Tobias
Published: May 2024

Various studies point to the lack of evidence of distributive opinion polarization in Europe. As most studies analyse the same item batteries from international social surveys, this lack of polarization might be due to an item’s issue (e.g., the nature or substance of an item) or item formulation characteristics used to measure polarization. Based on a unique sample of 817 political attitudinal items asked in 2022 by respondents of a non-random online panel in Germany, we empirically assess the item characteristics most likely to lead to distributive opinion polarization–measured with the Van der Eijk agreement index. Our results show that only 20% of the items in our sample have some–at most moderate–level of opinion polarization. Moreover, an item’s salience in the news media before the survey data collection, whether an item measures attitudes toward individual financial and non-financial costs, and the implicit level of knowledge required to answer an item (level of technicality) are significantly associated with higher opinion polarization. By contrast, items measuring a cultural issue (such as issues on gender, LGTBQI+, and ethnic minorities) and items with a high level of abstraction are significantly associated with a lower level of polarization. Our study highlights the importance of reflecting on the potential influence of an item’s issue and item formulation characteristics on the empirical assessment of distributive opinion polarization.
Grandiose narcissism associates with higher cognitive performance under stress through more efficient attention distribution: An eye-tracking study
Authors: Stefanova Vasilena , Scheepers Christoph , Wilson Paul , Papageorgiou Kostas A.
Published: May 2024

Narcissism is a part of the Dark Triad that consists also of the traits of Machiavellianism and psychopathy. Two main types of narcissism exist: grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. Being a Dark Triad trait, narcissism is typically associated with negative outcomes. However, recent research suggests that at least the grandiose type may be linked (directly or indirectly) to positive outcomes including lower levels of psychopathology, higher school grades in adolescents, deeper and more strategic learning in university students and higher cognitive performance in experimental settings. The current pre-registered, quasi-experimental study implemented eye-tracking to assess whether grandiose narcissism indirectly predicts cognitive performance through wider distribution of attention on the Raven’s Progressive Matrices task. Fifty-four adults completed measures of the Dark Triad, self-esteem and psychopathology. Eight months to one year later, participants completed the Raven’s, while their eye-movements were monitored during high stress conditions. When controlling for previous levels of psychopathology, grandiose narcissism predicted higher Raven’s scores indirectly, through increased variability in the number of fixations across trials. These findings suggest that grandiose narcissism predicts higher cognitive performance, at least in experimental settings, and call for further research to understand the implications of this seemingly dark trait for performance across various settings.
Insights from tuberose farmers: A survey study in Jashore District, Bangladesh
Authors: Zaman Rabita , Ahmmed Abu Noman Faruq
Published: May 2024

To obtain information on the cultivation of tuberoses in Bangladesh’s Jashore district, a study has been carried out to evaluate the economic and social standing of cultivators and examine the methods employed in production and farmers’ attitudes towards field disease. The majority of surveyed farmers were men, aged between 30 and 40 years. Only 7.41% had a high level of education, and most had less than five years of experience in tuberose cultivation. On an annual basis, the total production cost amounted to Tk. 27,200 (bigha/year), yielding a net profit of Tk. 1,20,000 (bigha/year). 31.48% of farmers expressed the belief that diseases affecting tuberose originated from contaminated planting materials. A significant proportion (64.81%) of farmers used PGR to combat diseases affecting tuberose production. Government Agriculture Officers played a crucial role in assisting farmers with knowledge and guidance. Yet, most participants highlighted that the key to preventing diseases lies in the effective application of pesticides. The findings of this study can guide policymakers in implementing measures to enhance tuberose production and fortify the floriculture industry in Bangladesh.
The age and growth information of a ctenoid scale fossil from the Upper Cretaceous Nenjiang Formation in Songliao Basin, China
Authors: Liu Zhaoqing , Li Xiaobo , Reisz Robert R.
Published: May 2024

The study of morphological characteristics and growth information in fish scales is a crucial component of modern fishery biological research, while it has been less studied in fossil materials. This paper presents a detailed morphological description and growth analysis of a fossil ctenoid scale obtained from the Upper Cretaceous Campanian lacustrine deposits in northeastern China. The morphological features of this fossil scale are well-preserved and consistent with the structures found in ctenoid scales of extant fish species and display prominent ring ornamentation radiating outward from the central focus, with grooves intersecting the rings. A comparative analysis of the morphological characteristics between the fossil ctenoid scale and those well-studied extant fish Mugilidae allows us to explore the applicability of modern fishery biological research methods to the field of fossil scales. The scale length, scale width, the vertical distance from the focus to the apex of the scale, and the total number of radii have been measured. The age of the fish that possessed this ctenoid scale has been estimated by carefully counting the annuli, suggesting an age equal to or more than seven years. The distribution of growth rings on the scale potentially reflects the warm paleoclimatic condition and fish-friendly paleoenvironment prevalent during that period. This paper, moreover, serves as a notable application of fishery biological methods in the examination of fossil materials.
Interferons and tuft cell numbers are bottlenecks for persistent murine norovirus infection
Authors: Aggarwal Somya , Walker Forrest C. , Weagley James S. , McCune Broc T. , Wu Xiaofen , Schriefer Lawrence A. , Makimaa Heyde , Lawrence Dylan , Sridhar Pratyush , Baldridge Megan T.
Published: May 2024

Noroviruses (NoVs) are a leading cause of viral gastroenteritis. Despite global clinical relevance, our understanding of how host factors, such as antiviral cytokines interferons (IFNs), modulate NoV population dynamics is limited. Murine NoV (MNoV) is a tractable in vivo model for the study of host regulation of NoV. A persistent strain of MNoV, CR6, establishes a reservoir in intestinal tuft cells for chronic viral shedding in stool. However, the influence of host innate immunity and permissive cell numbers on viral population dynamics is an open question. We generated a pool of 20 different barcoded viruses (CR6BC) by inserting 6-nucleotide barcodes at the 3’ position of the NS4 gene and used this pool as our viral inoculum for in vivo infections of different mouse lines. We found that over the course of persistent CR6 infection, shed virus was predominantly colon-derived, and viral barcode richness decreased over time irrespective of host immune status, suggesting that persistent infection involves a series of reinfection events. In mice lacking the IFN-λ receptor, intestinal barcode richness was enhanced, correlating with increased viral intestinal replication. IL-4 treatment, which increases tuft cell numbers, also increased barcode richness, indicating the abundance of permissive tuft cells to be a bottleneck during CR6 infection. In mice lacking type I IFN signaling (Ifnar1-/-) or all IFN signaling (Stat1-/-), barcode diversity at extraintestinal sites was dramatically increased, implicating different IFNs as critical bottlenecks at specific tissue sites. Of interest, extraintestinal barcodes were overlapping but distinct from intestinal barcodes, indicating that disseminated virus represents a distinct viral population than that replicating in the intestine. Barcoded viruses are a valuable tool to explore the influence of host factors on viral diversity in the context of establishment and maintenance of infection as well as dissemination and have provided important insights into how NoV infection proceeds in immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts.
FgPfn participates in vegetative growth, sexual reproduction, pathogenicity, and fungicides sensitivity via affecting both microtubules and actin in the filamentous fungus Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Yuan Zhili , Li Pengfei , Yang Xin , Cai Xiaowei , Wu Luoyu , Zhao Feifei , Wen Weidong , Zhou Mingguo , Hou Yiping
Published: May 2024

Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium graminearum species complexes (FGSG), is an epidemic disease in wheat and poses a serious threat to wheat production and security worldwide. Profilins are a class of actin-binding proteins that participate in actin depolymerization. However, the roles of profilins in plant fungal pathogens remain largely unexplored. Here, we identified FgPfn, a homolog to profilins in F. graminearum, and the deletion of FgPfn resulted in severe defects in mycelial growth, conidia production, and pathogenicity, accompanied by marked disruptions in toxisomes formation and deoxynivalenol (DON) transport, while sexual development was aborted. Additionally, FgPfn interacted with Fgα1 and Fgβ2, the significant components of microtubules. The organization of microtubules in the ΔFgPfn was strongly inhibited under the treatment of 0.4 μg/mL carbendazim, a well-known group of tubulin interferers, resulting in increased sensitivity to carbendazim. Moreover, FgPfn interacted with both myosin-5 (FgMyo5) and actin (FgAct), the targets of the fungicide phenamacril, and these interactions were reduced after phenamacril treatment. The deletion of FgPfn disrupted the normal organization of FgMyo5 and FgAct cytoskeleton, weakened the interaction between FgMyo5 and FgAct, and resulting in increased sensitivity to phenamacril. The core region of the interaction between FgPfn and FgAct was investigated, revealing that the integrity of both proteins was necessary for their interaction. Furthermore, mutations in R72, R77, R86, G91, I101, A112, G113, and D124 caused the non-interaction between FgPfn and FgAct. The R86K, I101E, and D124E mutants in FgPfn resulted in severe defects in actin organization, development, and pathogenicity. Taken together, this study revealed the role of FgPfn-dependent cytoskeleton in development, DON production and transport, fungicides sensitivity in F. graminearum.
DIREITO AO ESQUECIMENTO: DIMENSÕES ECONÔMICAS E IMPACTOS NA SOBERANIA DIANTE DA GLOBALIZAÇÃO DIGITAL.
Authors: De Carvalho Ramos André , Bucci Daniela
Published: May 2024

Contextualização: A era digital tem impactado as relações sociais e, consequentemente, o direito das pessoas. Nessa perspectiva, chama a atenção o uso de informações e dados por buscadores e as plataformas de mídias sociais que coletam e fornecem dados sensíveis que podem ser usados para os mais diversos fins, seja por empresas ou autoridades estatais.
Objetivo: Este artigo busca analisar o direito ao esquecimento, abordando suas dimensões econômicas e seus impactos na soberania, diante da globalização digital.
Método: A partir do estudo dos conceitos e dos parâmetros normativos e interpretativos brasileiros e internacionais sobre o direito à privacidade e ao esquecimento, será possível analisar a importância da proteção do direito ao esquecimento na internet, especialmente em face dos seus efeitos econômicos, debatendo seus impactos na soberania na era da globalização digital, para compreender quais os desafios e oportunidades que podem decorrer do tema. Emprega-se o método hipotético-dedutivo com auxílio de pesquisa bibliográfica..
Resultados: Com a presente análise, foi possível notar a importância do papel do Estado na proteção dos direitos humanos em um mundo globalizado que seja, ao mesmo tempo, inclusivo e que garanta o desenvolvimento econômico sustentável e equitativo.
AUTONOMIAS INDÍGENAS NA BOLÍVIA: ENTRE A AUTODETERMINAÇÃO E A COLONIALIDADE
Authors: Ferraz da Silveira Amanda , Munhoz Caleiro Manuel , Sivini Ferreira Heline
Published: May 2024

Contextualização: Como um dos logros do constitucionalismo latino-americano, a Constituição Política do Estado Plurinacional da Bolívia reconheceu, normativamente, o direito “a autonomia, ao autogoverno, a cultura, ao reconhecimento de suas instituições e a consolidação de suas entidades territoriais, conforme a Constituição e a lei”. O Estado Plurinacional assume um compromisso com a garantia da autodeterminação e autogoverno das nações e povos indígenas originários campesinos e para possibilitá-la prevê a criação de autonomias indígenas originárias campesinas, previstas no artigo 289 e seguintes e reguladas pela chamada Lei Marco das Autonomias e Descentralização “Andrés Ibáñez”. No entanto, as disposições da regulação e procedimentos exigidos para a configuração da autonomia indígena exigem que os povos adotem a lógica de pensamento e estruturação que embasam o próprio Estado, como referendo, estatuto e controle de constitucionalidade pelo Tribunal Constitucional Plurinacional.
Objetivo: Tem-se como objetivo geral analisar o processo que resultou na criação da Autonomía Guaraní Charagua Iyambae, na Bolívia, abordando as contradições e a persistência da lógica colonial na instrumentalização do compromisso de garantir autodeterminação dos povos.
Método: A metodologia utilizada resulta da combinação dos métodos de abordagem indutivo e dialético, dos métodos de procedimento monográfico e comparativo e das técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e visita técnica à região analisada.
Resultados: Como resultado, verifica-se que a autodeterminação garantida pela constituição encontra obstáculos às exigências feitas pelo próprio texto constitucional e legislação regulamentadora. No entanto, há evidências de que tais povos vêm se utilizando desses instrumentos para fazer frente ao Estado desde fora e, ao mesmo tempo, de dentro.
ESTRATÉGIAS PARA DIMINUIÇÃO DE RISCOS DE SANÇÃO EM CONTRATOS PÚBLICOS A PARTIR DA LEI 12.846/2013
Authors: Zambam Neuro José , Leal Dionis Janner , Frugoni Alina Celli
Published: May 2024

Contextualização: A lisura dos contratos entre o setor público e os fornecedores, especificamente os mercados, repercute na qualidade da organização social, das políticas públicas e da democracia. Mais especificamente, pretende-se apresentar os efeitos jurídicos da exigibilidade como requisito de habilitação e os efeitos de mitigação de riscos de atos corruptivos perante a Administração Pública realizada por empresas privadas.
Objetivo: O objetivo geral deste artigo é pesquisar os contornos da Lei n° 12.846/2013 enquanto mecanismo de controle da integridade empresarial e requisito para a celebração de contratos com o poder público.
Metodología: A estratégia metodológica, com base no método dedutivo, sustenta-se pela técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica a partir de referenciais reconhecidos pelo seu rigor científico e repercussão social das suas análises.
Resultados: Destaca-se a convicção de que a não utilização do compliance e a ausência de gestão de riscos contribuem para erros (ilícitos) e a consequente responsabilização empresarial por atos de improbidade administrativa. A permanência de irregularidades desestabiliza a rotina social e atrofia a administração pública.
LEI BRASILEIRA DE INCLUSÃO DA PESSOA COM DEFICIÊNCIA: IMPASSES PARA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO SISTEMA DE APOIO
Authors: Bezerra de Menezes Joyceane , Lima Pimentel Ana Beatriz , Lima Rodrigues Francisco Luciano
Published: May 2024

Contextualização: Desde a Convenção dos Direitos da Pessoa com Deficiência foi assegurada a capacidade jurídica de todas as pessoas, a par da capacidade mental. Para garantir o exercício pleno e autônomo dos direitos, a Convenção impôs a adoção de sistema de apoio delineado por cada Estado signatário. No Brasil, a Lei Brasileira de Inclusão foi responsável por implementar mudanças mais significativas visando ao cumprimento da norma constitucional. Para tanto, inovou ao prever a tomada de decisão apoiada como instrumento de apoio para pessoa com deficiência.
Objetivo: O presente trabalho visa a analisar se as alterações legais da capacidade jurídica e a previsão do sistema de apoio, por meio da tomada de decisão apoiada, em favor da pessoa com deficiência, estão alcançando eficácia social, observando-se a utilização prática da tomada de decisão apoiada no Estado do Ceará.
Método: A pesquisa realizou revisão bibliográfica e documental, mediante as quais foram coletados dados tratados através de uma abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa. Investigou-se processos judiciais de tomada de decisão apoiada em trâmite no e-SAJ do Judiciário cearense durante os anos de 2016 a 2021.
Resultados: A tomada de decisão apoiada não recebeu adesão social e nem tem sido manejada adequadamente pelos aplicadores do Direito, o que fora comprovado mediante pesquisa empírica realizada. Há predomínio e certa confusão com a curatela. Conclui-se, portanto, que a realização do sistema de apoio previsto legalmente no Brasil não está cumprindo com o propósito da CDPD.
DIREITOS DA NATUREZA NO BRASIL À LUZ DO PRINCÍPIO DA INTEGRIDADE ECOLÓGICA
Authors: Pompeu Gina Vidal Marcílio , Vasconcelos Luciana Barreira de
Published: May 2024

Contextualização: O estudo se justifica porque o modelo de desenvolvimento sustentável, meio pelo qual se busca equilibrar os eixos econômico, social e ambiental, sob um paradigma antropocêntrico, não se mostrou capaz de conter o avanço da crise ecológica, seja em âmbito global, seja na esfera nacional.
Objetivo: O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar se o reconhecimento dos Direitos da Natureza encontra amparo na Constituição Brasileira.
Metodologia: A metodologia envolveu pesquisa interdisciplinar, com orientação epistemológica na teoria crítica, a congregar teoria e práxis na articulação do Direito Constitucional, Ambiental e Econômico, mediante análise documental e revisão bibliográfica, quanto à compatibilização entre os ditames constitucionais e a inserção da natureza como sujeito de direitos.
Resultados: Verifica-se que, por meio do princípio da integridade ecológica, a CF/88 apresenta abertura à interpretação ecocêntrica capaz de elevar o status jurídico da Natureza, de objeto para sujeito de direitos, como alternativa no desafio de efetivação do direito-dever de proteção ambiental.
CHINA AT THE CROSSROAD: HOW CHINA IS TURNING THE CORNER ON INNOVATION
Authors: Scott Stacy
Published: May 2024

Contextualization: This article examines China's drive toward innovation in public education, suggesting that the country is determined to transform its educational system into one that fosters creativity as a norm and makes innovation a consistent, prioritized outcome. Changes in educational practices will only occur if the idea is consistent and has clear value for parents, business leaders, and educators. The Chinese leadership is clearly focused on making this change happen.
Objective: The purpose of the article is to discuss several key elements that can facilitate the path to institutionalizing innovation within China's educational system. This includes the possibility of China monetizing innovation by becoming a leader in the global battle for new design patents, which would justify substantial investments in the future transformation of its educational system, from kindergarten through to postgraduate education.
Methodology: This is exploratory research that uses the inductive method and employs a literature review as the technique for data collection.
Results: The article suggests that, with adequate support and guidance, China is ready to take on the challenge of fostering innovation in a short period of time. This depends on a series of decisions about how space is used, how teachers are assigned, trained, and supported, and the concepts and pedagogy that drive learning. Supporting teachers in building and managing new structures that foster innovation is essential for changing the structure of schools and teaching, teaching students to become more creative, which is crucial for China's future economy
ARGUMENTO CONTRAMAJORITÁRIO: LEGISLADOR PRECÁRIO OU JUIZ CAPACITADO
Authors: Gamiño Francisco Alfonso Ríos , Espinoza José Luis Lea
Published: May 2024

Contextualização: Parte do argumento contramajoritário é utilizado para justificar as ações dos Tribunais Constitucionais. Isto muda a localização tradicional do Judiciário. Visto que as decisões dos juízes, especialmente os de jurisdição constitucional, tornam-se importantes elementos de discussão pública. Isto implica que os juízes deixem de ser membros daquele ramo do poder público desprezado, ou menos valorizado, para se tornarem protagonistas da discussão pública.
Objetivo: Este trabalho a partir da análise de casos propõe como interagem a nova concepção da norma constitucional e o julgamento de amparo. Para tanto, será realizada uma análise para estabelecer algumas das notas descritivas do neoconstitucionalismo.
Metodologia: Utiliza-se o método dedutivo para localizar a pedra de toque do sistema de garantia jurisdicional ou como ele teve que ser modificado em função da nova compreensão das normas supremas; Isto dá lugar ao método descritivo baseado na compilação e sistematização de sentenças que deram uma mudança de rumo à dogmática dos princípios norteadores do julgamento de amparo, e com ele também se aplica a sistematização jurisprudencial.
Resultados: Em síntese, na objeção democrática alega-se o paradoxo do juiz constitucional, que em essência é o paradoxo do juiz em uma sociedade democrática. Mas decorre da necessidade de controlo jurisdicional das leis ordinárias e de respeito pelos direitos humanos, cujo autor é o legislador (ou outro órgão que não o poder constituinte), uma vez que se presume que expressam a vontade do povo ou, pelo menos, da maioria.
Precision and accuracy of transcutaneous CO2 monitoring in infants born at 32-36 weeks of pregnancy on respiratory support
Authors: Lubis Syamsidah , Kaban Risma Kerina , Dewi Rismala , Putri Ruth Angelia
Published: May 2024

Background Respiratory disorders in premature neonates often require respiratory support. Continous transcutaneous monitoring is an available non-invasive option to monitor CO2 pressure, substituting the need for blood gas analysis as the gold standard evaluation in practice. Most studies have been conducted on very and extremely preterm neonates, but rarely in late and moderately preterm neonates.
Objective To determine the precision and accuracy of transcutaneous CO2 pressure measuring devices compared to arterial blood gas analysis in neonates of 32-36 weeks gestational age who received respiratory support.
Methods This diagnostic, cross-sectional study was conducted on 35 late and moderately preterm neonates of 32–36 weeks gestation who received cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the Neonatology Unit at Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta. Subjects were monitored with a transcutaneous CO2 monitor and blood gas analysis (BGA). CO2 pressure measurements were made three times from the two devices. Data were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation and Bland-Altman tests to determine the precision and accuracy of transcutaneous monitoring by comparing its mean difference (MD) to BGA as the gold standard measurement.
Results Spearman’s analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between BGA and transcutaneous CO2 monitoring (P<0.001). However, the Bland - Altman test revealed a level of agreement between measuring devices was -14.46 to 6.9, with mean difference of -3.78; indicating poor precision of the transcutaneous evaluation regardless its high accuracy compared to its gold standard. 
Conclusion The transcutaneous CO2 monitoring device has low precision, but a strong positive correlation to BGA; underlining its high accuracy in practice. Transcutaneous CO2 monitoring cannot replace BGA, the gold standard examination.
Perceptions, practices, and associated factors towards expressed breastfeeding among mothers in Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Pambudi Wiyarni , Dewanto Naomi Esthernita Fauzia , Yusra Yusra , Werdhani Retno Asti , Endaryanto Anang , Fahmida Umi , Alatas Fatima Safira , Hegar Badriul
Published: May 2024

Background  Expression of breast milk is a strategy to ensures continuous  breastfeeding during temporary separation of infant from the mother. Handling and storage of expressed breast milk (EBM) should be based on established recommendations because these practices can affect milk quality and safety.
Objective  To describe perceptions and practices of EBM handling and storage, compare with commonly used recommendations and associated factors influencing these practices among mothers in Jakarta, Indonesia,  
Methods  Mothers who practiced expressed breastfeeding (EBF) to their 6-12 weeks-old infants completed questionnaires about their peceptions and practices on how they handle and storage EBM. The differences in perceptions and practices about expressed breastfeeding management were analyzed using the Chi-square or Fisher's exact test.
Results  Among 30 mothers,  14/30 gave EBF exclusively,  19/30 used breast pump, and  26/30 expressed ³6 times/day. Infants in this study received expressed milk 5-10 times per day. Maternal age and resource of information were factors significantly associated with mother’s perceptions, while maternal age, education, and parity were significantly associated with the practices of EBM handling and storage.
Conclusion This study reveals inconsistent perceptions and practices on expressed milk handling and storage by the mothers. They have good knowledge about the theoretical aspects of expressed breastfeeding, but some other techniques are poor, which can be detrimental to the health of the infants. Further study is needed to find more efficient and optimal methods of expressed milk handling and storage, necessitating thoughtful consideration of better practices and recommendations.
Clinical manifestations and prognosis of tuberculous spondylitis in an adolescent with disseminated tuberculosis: a case report
Authors: Handryastuti Setyo , Kaswandani Nastiti , Hendriarto Andra , Tobing Singkat Dohar Apul Lumban , - Pebriansyah , Rafli Achmad
Published: May 2024

Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest number of tuberculosis (TB) cases globally. Around 10-20% of adolescents with TB infection progress to pulmonary TB, and less than 0.5% develop miliary or central nervous system TB. TB spondylitis occurs in only 5.6% of extrapulmonary TB patients. The clinical manifestations of disseminated and TB spondylitis are heterogeneous and insidious, with several potential risk- and prognostic factors. We report the case of a 16-year-old male admitted with abdominal distension, paraplegia, and urinary retention. He was diagnosed with disseminated TB with TB spondylitis. This case was unique because the patient had no classic symptoms of pulmonary TB. This report focuses on the diagnosis, comprehensive management, and prognosis of TB spondylitis, as well as the risk factors for disseminated TB. The management consisted of antituberculous agents and surgery. The prognosis is influenced by the patient’s age, severity of kyphosis deformity, number of vertebrae involved, lesion site, and patient’s health status, including nutritional status.
Gestão em Saúde Pública: Por um Atendimento de Qualidade
Authors: Pinheiro Filho Isac Sales , Oliveira Gislene Farias de
Published: May 2024

O presente artigo é nada mais que um estudo preliminar sobre os aspectos essenciais da gestão em saúde pública, que podem ser implementados pelos profissionais da área e outros envolvidos nesse processo, com intuito de alcançar resultados significativos em prol de um sistema de qualidade. O referido trabalho aborda os mecanismos necessários para um melhor atendimento do publico-alvo (pacientes em diferentes segmentos). Além disso, o texto apresenta algumas ressalvas que buscam estabelecer conexões entre as habilidades e conhecimentos exigidos para que os profissionais de saúde possam  desempenhar seu trabalho de forma adequada, nesse sentido, podendo resultar em impactos positivos quando os cuidados são aplicados conforme as estratégias estudadas, com isso, resultando na otimização do atendimento ao público.
DEVELOPMENT OF A MOBILE APPLICATION TO MONITOR THE CLINICAL RESPONSE TO IMMUNOTHERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH ALLERGIC RHINITIS AT A REFERENCE CENTER IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL
Authors: Nazário Carlos Alberto Kuntz , Maniglia Sérgio Fabrício
Published: May 2024

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a worldwide public health problem as it affects the quality of life of patients. There is great concern with its correct diagnosis, as well as with the development of suitable instruments for its monitoring. The use of apps on smartphones and tablets has had a profound impact on medicine. A natural trend of modern medicine is to empower patients, while encouraging and educating them so that they are able to better understand and treat their condition. This is an original study aimed at the development of a specific application to monitor the clinical response to immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinitis. Based on studies already validated in the literature, such as the ISAAC and ARIA questionnaires, three questionnaires were included in the developed application with simple and accessible questions for patients. Through the data collected by the application, stratification will be possible regarding allergic and non-allergic symptoms, age group at the onset of the disease, triggering factors for AR, environmental context, comorbidities, in addition to factors related to the use of immunotherapy, frequency of use, adverse events, and need for rescue medication.
Entrepreneurship For Sustainable Development in Nigeria
Authors: Bamgboye Patrick Oluseun
Published: May 2024

The study observes that entrepreneurship in Nigeria is constrained by the challenges inherent in the business environment, thereby impacting negatively on the sustainable development of the country. These challenges range from limited access to capital or credit and inadequate or epileptic power (electricity) supply among others to adequately run businesses. Entrepreneurship as it were is the greatest potential to contribute significantly to the sustainable development of any nation, and most especially Nigeria. It is the contention of this study on the one hand that entrepreneurs themselves should operate within the legitimate business environment that is guided by rules and regulations, while the government on the other hand, should provide a conducive business environment through appropriate policies and regulations for businesses to thrive. By this, we believe entrepreneurship will be a catalyst for the sustainable development of the country.
How Can We Train Deep Learning Models Across Clouds and Continents? An Experimental Study
Authors: Erben Alexander , Mayer Ruben , Jacobsen Hans-Arno
Published: May 2024

This paper aims to answer the question: Can deep learning models be cost-efficiently trained on a global market of spot VMs spanning different data centers and cloud providers? To provide guidance, we extensively evaluate the cost and throughput implications of training in different zones, continents, and clouds for representative CV, NLP and ASR models. To expand the current training options further, we compare the scalability potential for hybrid-cloud scenarios by adding cloud resources to on-premise hardware to improve training throughput. Finally, we show how leveraging spot instance pricing enables a new cost-efficient way to train models with multiple cheap VMs, trumping both more centralized and powerful hardware and even on-demand cloud offerings at competitive prices.
LION: Fast and High-Resolution Network Kernel Density Visualization
Authors: Chan Tsz Nam , Zang Rui , Zhu Bojian , U Leong Hou , Wu Dingming , Xu Jianliang
Published: May 2024

Network Kernel Density Visualization (NKDV) has often been used in a wide range of applications, e.g., criminology, transportation science, and urban planning. However, NKDV is computationally expensive, which cannot be scalable to large-scale datasets and high resolution sizes. Although a recent work, called aggregate distance augmentation (ADA), has been developed for improving the efficiency to generate NKDV, this method is still slow and does not take the resolution size into account for optimizing the efficiency. In this paper, we develop a new solution, called LION, which can reduce the worst-case time complexity for generating high-resolution NKDV, without increasing the space complexity. Experiment results on four large-scale location datasets verify that LION can achieve 2.86x to 35.36x speedup compared with the state-of-the-art ADA method.
Performance-Based Pricing for Federated Learning via Auction
Authors: Li Zitao , Ding Bolin , Yao Liuyi , Li Yaliang , Xiao Xiaokui , Zhou Jingren
Published: May 2024

Many machine learning techniques rely on plenty of training data. However, data are often possessed unequally by different entities, with a large proportion of data being held by a small number of data-rich entities. It can be challenging to incentivize data-rich entities to help train models with others via federated learning (FL) if there are no additional benefits. This difficulty arises because these data-rich entities cannot enjoy the revenue increment generated from the improved performances on tasks controlled by data-limited entities. In this paper, we investigate pricing mechanisms through auctions for FL, focusing on auction scenarios with one data seller and some data-limited entities as buyers. The mechanisms aim to account for buyers' performance gains from the FL and provide equitable monetary compensation to the data seller. We first formulate the task as a performance-based auction mechanism design problem and offer a template that can accommodate multiple kinds of auctions with different desiderata. Utilizing this template, we instantiate different truthful strategies with different goals, including maximizing social welfare and maximizing the seller's profit in auctions. In addition, considering the randomness between the model test performance used in the auction and the actual performance in a production environment, we provide theoretical analyses to quantify the impact of the uncertainty on the social welfare or the seller's profit of auction mechanisms. We provide experimental results based on two datasets with synthetic buyers' valuation to illustrate the truthfulness, social welfare, and data sellers' profit.
POLAR: Adaptive and Non-invasive Join Order Selection via Plans of Least Resistance
Authors: Justen David , Ritter Daniel , Fraser Campbell , Lamb Andrew , Lee Allison , Bodner Thomas , Haddad Mhd Yamen , Zeuch Steffen , Markl Volker , Boehm Matthias
Published: May 2024

Join ordering and query optimization are crucial for query performance but remain challenging due to unknown or changing characteristics of query intermediates, especially for complex queries with many joins. Over the past two decades, a spectrum of techniques for adaptive query processing (AQP)---including inter-/intra-operator adaptivity and tuple routing---have been proposed to address these challenges. However, commercial database systems in practice do not implement holistic AQP techniques because they increase the system complexity (e.g., intertwined planning and execution) and thus, complicate debugging and testing. Additionally, existing approaches may incur large overheads, leading to problematic performance regressions. In this paper, we introduce POLAR, a simple yet very effective technique for a self-regulating selection of alternative join orderings with bounded overhead. We enhance left-deep join pipelines with alternative join orders, perform regret-bounded tuple routing to find and validate "plans of least resistance", and then process the majority of tuple batches through these plans. We study different join order selection techniques, different routing strategies, and a variety of workload characteristics. Our experiments with a POLAR prototype in DuckDB show runtime improvements of up to 9x and less than 7% overhead for all benchmark queries, while outperforming state-of-the-art AQP systems by up to 15x.
FCBench: Cross-Domain Benchmarking of Lossless Compression for Floating-Point Data
Authors: Chen Xinyu , Tian Jiannan , Beaver Ian , Freeman Cynthia , Yan Yan , Wang Jianguo , Tao Dingwen
Published: May 2024

While both the database and high-performance computing (HPC) communities utilize lossless compression methods to minimize floating-point data size, a disconnect persists between them. Each community designs and assesses methods in a domain-specific manner, making it unclear if HPC compression techniques can benefit database applications or vice versa. With the HPC community increasingly leaning towards in-situ analysis and visualization, more floating-point data from scientific simulations are being stored in databases like Key-Value Stores and queried using in-memory retrieval paradigms. This trend underscores the urgent need for a collective study of these compression methods' strengths and limitations, not only based on their performance in compressing data from various domains but also on their runtime characteristics. Our study extensively evaluates the performance of eight CPU-based and five GPU-based compression methods developed by both communities, using 33 real-world datasets assembled in the Floating-point Compressor Benchmark (FCBench). Additionally, we utilize the roofline model to profile their runtime bottlenecks. Our goal is to offer insights into these compression methods that could assist researchers in selecting existing methods or developing new ones for integrated database and HPC applications.
Automated insulin delivery in children with type 1 diabetes during physical activity: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Yuan-yuan , Ying Hui-min , Tian Fang , Qian Xiao-lu , Zhou Zhen-feng , Zhou Chun-cong
Published: May 2024

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the automated insulin delivery (AID) in adolescents, and children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) during physical activity.

Methods

Relevant studies were searched electronically in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase utilizing the key words “Child”, “Insulin Infusion Systems”, and “Diabetes Mellitus” from inception to 17th March 2024 to evaluate the performance of the AID in adolescents, and children with T1D during physical activity.

Results

Twelve studies involving 514 patients were identified. AID did not show a beneficial effect on duration of hypoglycemia<70 mg/dL during study period (p>0.05; I2=96 %) and during the physical activity (p>0.99). Percentage of sensor glucose values in TIR was higher in AID than the non-AID pumps during study period (p<0.001; I2=94 %). The duration of hyperglycemic time was significantly decreased in AID group compared to the non-AID pumps group during study period (p<0.05; I2>50 %).

Conclusions

AID improved TIR and decreased the duration of hyperglycemic time, but did not appear to have a significant beneficial effect on the already low post-exercise duration of hypoglycemia achievable by open loop or sensor-augmented pumps in adolescents and children with T1D during physical activity; further research is needed to confirm the beneficial effect of AID on duration of hypoglycemia.
The Theatre of Revenge: The Intrusion of Hamlet’s Shadow Between Drama and History
Authors: Costantini Cristina
Published: May 2024

Hamlet is a troubling piece. In this essay the reasons of internal ambiguity are analyzed through the conceptual prism of revenge. Moving from the well-known dispute between T.S. Eliot and C. Schmitt, the Author proposes an anti-canonical reading of the themes of the tragedy by reconstituting its socio-legal context. The aim is to bring to the surface legal elements which would be combined with the political facts already described by Schmitt in order to aid and amplify the validity of his argumentative approach. The historical transition from a documentary culture to a revenge culture, that marked the English imaginative world in Renaissance and post-Renaissance time, allows the interpreter to explain the excess not contained by Hamlet’s plot not only with the figures of the taboo of the Queen and the taboo of the Avenger (outlined by Schmitt in his work Hamlet or Hecuba), but also with a new and yet unexplored taboo of justice.
Can You Think About Justice? Between Law Enforcement and Revenge, Detective’s Dilemmas in Noir Novel
Authors: Salvadori Luca
Published: May 2024

Justice has been an aspiration and, at the same time, a temptation for humans since the beginning. The tendency to resolve disputes in a simple and even brutal manner has been progressively replaced by the creation of a system of rules, useful to compress and eliminate the excesses of a restorative approach in a rebalancing function, often governed by revenge. Revengeful action, however, has remained in common perception as a more effective remedy than that provided by the norm and has continued to influence the actions of the servants of the law themselves. The figure of the “dirty” detective has become popular in noir literature, bringing with it all the suffering and uncertainty associated with the coexistence of justice and revenge as a means of restoring balance. A question lies behind the dilemmas of the servant of the law: does good or evil prevail in our society?
The Shadows of Sovereignty: A Visual Genealogy of Dark Knight Archetypes
Authors: De Matos Marcus V. A. B.
Published: May 2024

This paper investigates the role of the dark knight archetype in the theory of sovereignty. The dark knight archetype has repeatedly emerged in popular culture, but has never been fully explored in jurisprudence and political theory. The aim is to develop a new visual method to bridge the distance between the theory and the tropes that have historically been used to create and justify the notion of sovereignty. Sovereignty is understood here not only as a founding concept of modern legal theory, but also as a trope: a special kind of narrative, illustrated, capable of being modernized, and yet maintaining its initial trends; one that is foundational and colonial, and capable of institutionalizing subjects and sovereigns. Strategically following the works of Agamben, Benjamin, Jung and Warburg, this paper analyses – in a psychoanalytical sense – the unconscious dimensions of sovereignty from evidence collected in popular culture and political history. From fallen medieval knights to Zorro; from fascist Blackshirts to Darth Vader, this paper examines the pervasive repetition of dark knight figures in Western tropes of sovereignty and its consequences.
Narratives of Justice: Legal Meaning, Literary Genres and Politics
Authors: Monateri Pier Giuseppe
Published: May 2024

This article explores diverse models of legal interpretation and their impact on the intersection of law and literature. Beginning with narrative naturalism and the Tarskian Correspondence Model, it contrasts with the Symphonic model’s contemporary perspective, recognizing the nuances of legal concepts. Then, it examines Heraclitean Realism and the Provocative Tapestry Model as challenges to the traditional concept of legal system. While realism acknowledges subjectivity, the Provocative Tapestry Model seeks revolutionary change. In comparative law, the Tarskian Model aligns with linguistic analysis, the Symphonic Model with harmonizing approaches, the Living Tapestry Model with dynamic perspectives, and the Provocative Tapestry Model with confronting conflicts. These diverse interpretation lenses influence cross-cultural legal understanding in comparative law methods, creating a multifaceted perspective. The conclusion examines narrative tropes in each interpretation, revealing storytelling elements and rhetorical strategies shaping legal traditions.
Time Never Regained: Film, Memory and History in Mila Turajlić’s Labudović Reels
Authors: Radunović Dušan
Published: May 2024

The article reviews the documentary film diptych The Labudović Reels by film-maker Mila Turajlić. Based on her archival work at the Filmske Novosti production company, Turajlić discovers the legacy of hitherto unknown cinematographer Stevan Labudović. Both films are hybrid documentaries that combine archive footage with interview-style documentary, and both focus on two intertwined thematic cycles – Labudović’s coverage of the Algerian war of independence (1959–1961) and the first summit of the Non-Aligned Movement (1960–1961). Conceptually, Turajlić’s films engage thought-provoking matrixes, among them Pierre Nora’s lieux de memoire and, more especially, Walter Benjamin’s reflections on historical progress. This review finds that the implementation of the latter blurs the boundary between the critique of the idea of progress and historical relativism, which leads to the confusing presence of mutually exclusive voices in Turajlić’s film, one calling for the reappropriation of the past, and another calling that same past into question.
Publishing Sound Scientific Writing: Lessons for Non-Native English Speakers
Authors: Lin Guiping , Cui Xiuying , Er Saw Phei
Published: May 2024

Writing a scientifically sound manuscript in one’s mother tongue is difficult. This difficulty increases for authors writing in their second or third language. In English-language publishing, beyond writers’ grasp of the English language, cultural differences may be of concern, given that journals in different languages might follow distinct rules and logic. Therefore, for non-native English speakers, learning the proper rules of English scientific writing may be useful for publishing sound and logical articles. Herein, we summarize highlights of sound scientific writing for non-native English speakers, to help them smoothly transform their ideas into words.
Description of The Phenotypic Characteristics of Some Tomato Genotypes
Authors: Kıymacı Gülbanu , Özgür Uncu Ayşe , Türkmen Önder
Published: May 2024

This study was carried out in order to determine some morphological characteristics of 240 tomato genotypes at S2 level and to demonstrate the usability of these materials in breeding programs. Accordingly, the average fruit weight was between 553.11 gr and 74.83 gr. The mean pericarp thickness, carpel number, and soluble dry matter content of the genotypes were 7.38 mm, 3.6 pieces and 4.04% brix, respectively. Based on these measurements and observations, tomato genotypes were also investigated using the Cluster and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) methods. According to the PCA results, the first component explained 24.1% of the total variance, and the number of fruit carpels, average fruit weight, and fruit width were the most highly explained parameters. The second and third main components constituted 13.06% and 11.16% of the total. Based on the results of fruit characterization studies, genotypes 233, 447, 126, 22, 391, 118, 71, 100, 340, 102 were determined as superior. Overall, A high degree of morphological variation was detected among the characterized tomato genotypes.