bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POTENSI SENYAWA ORGANIK TIDAK TER-ION DALAM MENGURANGI KELARUTAN BESI (FE) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIFITAS TANAH SAWAH BUKAAN BARU
Authors: Hariyanti Herviyanti , Asmar Asmar
Published: November 2017

The research about potency of non-ionic organic compounds to decrease the dissolved iron (Fe) and to increase productivity of recently used ricefield had been conducted from August 2004 till January 2005. The objective was to study the effect of non-ionic organic compounds applied to control Fe and to increase rice production on recently used ricefield. The experiment used completely randomized design with four treatments and three replications. The treatments were consisted of four levels of non-ionic organic compounds (polysaccaride), those were 0, 75, 150, and 225 ppm. The result of this study showed that the effect of non ionic-organic compounds (polysacaride) at 225 ppm could reduce solubility of Fe2+ from 302,67 to 126,67 ppm for 30 days flooded. The yield of the rice (dry weight of grain and percentage filled out of grain) increased as much as 2,95 g dan 35 % with effect of polysaccaride at 225 ppm.

Key words : non-ionic organic compounds, polysaccaride, recently used ricefield, flooded.
DEGRADASI LAHAN PADA KEBUN CAMPURAN DAN TEGALAN DI KABUPATEN DHARMASRAYA
Authors: Yasin Syafrimen , Gusnidar Gusnidar , Iskandar Dedy
Published: November 2017

A research conducted in Sungai Rumbai, Dharmasraya Regency and in Soil Laboratory Andalas university was aimed to evaluate soil fertility status on the depth below 0-20 cm from several land use types , especially under Mixed Garden and annual cultivated dryland soil.  Soil samples were taken on Ultisol at 0-8% slope (late-waving soil surface).  Land use types evaluated were forest, annual cultivated dryland, bush land, rangeland covered by Imperata cylindrica and mixed garden.  Composite soil samples for soil chemical analysis were taken on the 0-20 cm soil depth with four replications, and 5 drillings for each replication.  Undisturbed soil samples by using sample ring were used to analyze sol bulk volume.  The data resulted were compared to the criteria and were statistically tested using Analysis of Variance and then were continued by LSD at 5% level.  From the results of analyses could be concluded that land use  for mixed garden had the higher Organic Carbon (OC) content and the lower bulk volume (BV) than those for annual cultivated dryland soil.Key Words: Degradasi Lahan, Kebun Campuran, Tegalan
PENGKAJIAN PEMUPUKAN FOSFOR (P) DAN KALIUM (K) BERDASARKAN STATUS HARA PADA TANAH DI DAERAH PERTANAMAN JAGUNG DI KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT
Authors: Zubaidah Yulinar
Published: November 2017

Analysis of phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) fertilization based on soil P and K status at maize planting area in Pasaman Barat regency had done on October until December 2005. The research was conducted by using survey method.  The area was surveyed through some trails.  Soil samples were taken in every 500 – 1000 m in distance.  Global Position System (GPS) was used to determine the coordinates of sampling points.  In each point composite bulk soil samples were taken on the top 20 cm soil depth.  Each sample represented about 50 ha area.  The results showed that from 7702.2 ha area surveyed, there was 5351.5 ha (69.4%) of the area having high P content, 1487.5 Ha (19,3 %) having moderate P, and 863.2 Ha (11,2 %) having low P.  Potassium status of the soil in the area was as follows, 2798.4 Ha (36,3 %) having high K, 4499.4 Ha (58,4 %) having moderate K, and 404.4 Ha (5,2 %) having low K. The requirement of SP-36 fertilizer was about 90 kg/Ha, 250 kg/Ha and 500 kg/Ha, for soil having high P, moderate P, and low P content. Potassium was required about 0 kg KCl/Ha, 50 kg KCl/Ha and 250 kg KCl/Ha, for soil having high K, moderate K, and low K, respectively.  The both fertilization recommendation was the amount of SP36 and KCl to reach production about 4,5 ton dry weight corn kernel  (with water content 14%) or it is equal to 8 ton corn weight during harvesting time (with water content 25%).Key Words: P- soil status, K-soil status, fertilizer recommendation
REKOMENDASI PEMUPUKAN FOSFOR (P) PADA PERTANAMAN JAGUNG BERDASARKAN STATUS P TANAH DI KECAMATAN KINALI, LUHAK NAN DUO DI KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT
Authors: Zubaidah Yulinar
Published: November 2017

A study of P – nutrient status (P – soil) in the maize production central in Kinali, Luhak Nan Duo in Pasaman, Sub Regency Pasaman Barat to find of the recommendation of phosphorous (P) fertilization. A study is conducted from October to December 2005. Method of research by crossed land area and took soil sampling with composite. Each soil sampling represented of land area research 50 – 80 ha with 0 – 20 cm dept for land area 7702,2 ha and 97 soil sample and then analyzed by Bray II methods. From 7702,2 ha of land area were survey founded P high content 5351,5 ha (69,4 %), P – with middle content 1487,5 ha (19,3 %) and P – lower content 863,2 ha (11,2 %). Based on soil P – status, P nutrient requirement to 90,250 and 500 kg SP 36 respectively and yield prospecting 4,5 ton/ha with 14 % water content equal to 8 ton dry grain seed at harvesting with water content 25%.Key Words: P-fertilizer, Fertilization Recommendation, Soil P-status
IDENTIFIKASI SPORA CENDAWAN MIKORIZA ARBUSKULAR (CMA) PADA BERBAGAI RHIZOSFIR PISANG DI LAHAN ENDEMIK
Authors: Husin Eti Farda , Sulyanti Eri , Adrinal Adrinal , Yefriwati Yefriwati
Published: November 2017

Banana is one of fruit commodity having been widely cultivated by people and has high potency for agribusiness.  However, there are some constraints for the cultivation, such as soil fertility and disease attack.  Nowadays, tne main disease causing low banana production in West Sumatra is wilt due to Fusarium.  One way being developed to improve banana production in endemic land is by using bioagent.  This research was aimed to identify spores of mycorrizhae in several endemic land.  The result showed that there were various types of MVA found in tested locations (Agam, Solok, and Padang Pariaman regencies).  Glomus was one genus that was always found in each location.  Therefore, the glomus sp was quite potential to explore and and proliferation as a good innoculant to improve growth of banana plant.  The highest amount of MVA sport found in Padang Pariaman regency (especially in Pasar Usang area) was 195/20 g soil (Glomus), then followed by Acaulospora (121 spora/20 g soil) and Gigaspora (65 spora/20 g soil).Key Words: Banana, Fusarium, Wilt, Bioagent, MVA
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN KEONG MAS (Pomacea canaliculata) TERHADAP PERUBAHAN SIFAT KIMIA ULTISOL
Authors: Emalinda Oktanis , Adnawita Adnawita , Husin Eti Farda
Published: November 2017

To look for the effect of gold snail (Pomacea canaliculata) addition on soil nutrition level, a series of pot experiment was conducted in Faculty of Agriculture and P3IN laboratories from March to June 2008. This study used completely randomized design with 2 kinds of treatments. First iwas gold snail composition (A1 = snail shell, A2 = snail body, and A3 = whole snail) and incubation period (B1 = 2 weeks, B2 = 3 weeks, and B3 = 4 weeks). The results showed that these treatments affect some of soil chemical properties. Soil pH changed from acid to slightly acid, total nitrogen rose from low to medium, exchangeable base cations also increased. On the other hand, exchangeable aluminum (Al) decreased. Interaction between the treatments successfully increased organic carbon, available phosphorous, and cation exchange capacity. The best treatment combination was between body composition of gold snail and a four-week incubation period.Key Words: gold snail, Ultisols, soil chemical characteristics
KLASSIFIKASI BAHAN ORGANIK TANAH BUKIT PINANG-PINANG KAWASAN HUTAN HUJAN TROPIK GUNUNG GADUT PADANG
Authors: Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita , Asmar Asmar , Harianti Mimien , Betrianingrum Suci
Published: November 2017

A research about soil organic matter (SOM) classification based on the density was conducted for soil in Bukik Pinang-Pinang region.  The objective of this research was to identify whether the SOM in Pinang-Pinang area, having very high annual rainfall, was mostly particulate or had been associated with mineral particles.  Soils were sampled at three different land use, forest, bush, and mixed wood land on 0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm soil depth.  Soil organic matter was classified into 2 classes, < 1.0 g cm-3 and ≥ 1.0 g cm-3 by using pure aquadest.  Total and fractionated SOM samples were analyzed by using Walkley and Black method in soil laboratory, Agriclculture College, Andalas University.  The result showed that, among the three land use surveyed, mixed wood land use gave the highest SOM, then followed by bush land.  Soil OM content in forest ecosystem was much lower than the other two land use for the whole depth.  Based on the density, SOM particulate was higher on the soil surface and decrease by depth in each land use.  Among the ecosystem, SOM under forest was less associated with soil particles than that under bush and mixed wood land. Key Words:  SOM-light fraction, SOM-heavy fraction, land use
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN ABU BATUBARA SEBAGAI SUMBER SILIKA (SI) BAGI PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN PADI (Oryza sativa L)
Authors: Prasetyo Teguh Budi , Yasin Syafrimen , Yeni Edri
Published: November 2017

A research about use of coal ash as a silicate source for rice production was conducted in Greenhouse at Agriculture Faculty of Andalas University from October 2006 to February 2007.  The objective of this research was to study the effect of coal fly ash as silicon (Si) sources for the growth and production rice crops (Oryza sativa L.).  The experiment was designed on Completely Randomized Block Design with four treatments and three replications.  The treatments consist of ; 0 ton/ha, 20 ton/ha , 40 ton/ha  and 60 ton/ha coal fly ash.  The result showed that, fly ash from coal burning could increase  available fosfor and reduce dissolved aluminum in the soil.  Fly ash could also increase crop production, P- and Si-absorption by crops.Key Words: coal fly ash, silicate, rice crops
SITEM PERSIAPAN LAHAN DAN PEMBERIAN BAHAN ORGANIK PADA BUDIDAYA JAGUNG DI LAHAN KERING
Authors: Ridwan Ridwan , Zubaidah Yulinar
Published: November 2017

Land preparation and organic matter application was chosen as an alternative to improve soil physical, chemical, and biological properties in increasing yield of maize. The field experiment was conducted in Koto Baru Simalanggang, Lima Puluh Kota Regency,  West Sumatra, in the dry season 2007.  The treatments consist of three types of land preparation ( no tillage, direct composting in the area, and strip tillage)  and two levels of organic matter application  ( 0 and 2 t/ha). Objectives of the experiment were to observe the effect of land preparation methods and organic matter application on growth and yield of maize in the upland area. Results of the experiment showed that, land preparation types did not give significant effect on all parameter  observed. Application of organic matter 2 t/ha had increased cob length, number of seed per row, and yield of maize.  Maize yield was about 6.07 t/ha without and 6.85 t/ha with organic matter application.  Key Words   : Land preparation System, Organic  Matter Application,  Maize , Upland Area.
KAJIAN SIFAT FISIKA TANAH PADA BERBAGAI PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI DAERAH GUNUNG TANDIKEK, KABUPATEN PADANG PARIAMAN
Authors: Burhanuddin Burhanuddin , Zubaidah Yulinar , Saidi Amrizal , Yunita Del
Published: November 2017

The research was conducted in Tandikek mountain region, Padang Pariaman District, then at soil laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University as well as at physical and soil mineralogy laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Jambi University from October 2002 to February 2003. The research was designed in the form of field survey. Determination of the location was based on the land uses. There were 5 land use types, those were mixture farm, paddy soil, secondary forest, cinnamon, and coconut. The results showed that physical nature of soil under mixture farm, paddy soil, secondary forest, cinnamon, and coconut varied at texture (dusty plates), organic contents (high-very high), slowly drainage pore (PDL) and pore of water available (PAT) which were not significantly different among the five land uses. Permeability of total pore space (TRP) and fast drainage pore (PDC) were high at land use of cinnamon and not significantly different at land uses of paddy soil, secondary forest, and coconut. Key word : soil physical characteristics, land uses.
CADANGAN, KEHILANGAN, DAN AKUMULASI KARBON PADA PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT DI LAHAN GAMBUT TROPIKA
Authors: Maswar Maswar , Haridjaja Oteng , Sabiham Supiandi , Van Noordwijk Meine
Published: November 2017

Peat land conversion to oil palm plantation affects carbon stocks and can change a net sink of atmospheric carbon (C) into a net source. The influence of location, type of peat, drainage practices and fertilization is insufficiently known. A study was conducted in West Aceh from May 2008 until October 2009  in oil palm plantations of various age.  Carbon stocks and  C loss were calculated from data of bulk density (BD), ash content, carbon content, and peat depth. A new method for C loss estimates using ash as internal tracer was developed and tested. Peat land characteristics after drainage and conversion to oil palm plantation were investigated by field observation and laboratory analysis of peat soil samples in the laboratory. Results showed that: 1) Distance from the drain influences the rates of: a) water table depth, b) subsidence, with rates of 1,1  to 9,2 cm/year and 22.67 – 57.23% influence of C loss, and c) soil carbon loss. 2) Ash content and bulk density of the peat are related, indicating the partial loss of soil C during compaction. 3) An “internal tracer” estimate of peat C loss yields estimates of CO2 flux up to 48 t CO2-eq ha-1 y-1 for young oil palm, highly correlated with measured rates of subsidence of the surface and water table depth. 4) Patterns of weight loss of surface litter, measured in litter bags, respond to inherent quality (C/N). Some data for oil palm on shallow peat suggest that a net sink for C can be maintained under such conditions.Key words: Carbon stock, carbon loss, carbon accumulation,  oil palm, tropical peat
PREDIKSI EROSI DAN SEDIMENTASI PADA BERBAGAI PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI SUB DAS MASANG BAGIAN HULU DI KABUPATEN AGAM
Authors: Aprisal Aprisal
Published: November 2017

Erosion and sedimentation prediction in sub-watershed Masang was conducted to predict amount of soil eroded and sedimented from several land use in the location, and to find out  alternative land use that can suppress erosion to be equal to or less than tolerated erosion as well.  Methods employed to do this research were 1) analysis of basic data (topography map, land use map, and secondary data such as rainfall data from the nearest meteorology station), 2) soil survey and identification to field, 3) soil analyses at laboratorium, and 4) data analyses using USLE erosion model and sediment delivery ratio (SDR).  The results showed that amount of soil eroded from all land use except from forest was higher than tolerated erosion.  Among the types of land use were mixed garden, housing, plantation, and bush.  Higher erosion than tolerated erosion was probably due to low plant density, big percentage of uncover land, therefore, raindrops became easier to hit soil and then disperse the aggregates.  As a consequence, erosion and sedimentation became bigger.  Soil eroded could be minimized into the same or less than tolerated erosion by implementing conservation agroecotechnology by reducing crop coefficient value (into 0.001) through increasing plant density and changing bush land into garden or plantation.  For housing area, the area should be planted by perennial crops, should be provided by terraces to ditches to pass runoff.  Soil sedimentl was calculated to be higher from garden and bush, but by implementing agroecotechnology conservation sediment can be controlled.Keywords: erosion, sedimentation, watershed
APLIKASI KOMPOS TITONIA DAN JERAMI TERHADAP PENGURANGAN INPUT PUPUK BUATAN DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PRODUKSI PADI
Authors: Gusnidar Gusnidar , Yasin Syafrimen , Burbey Burbey , Ezrari Resi
Published: November 2017

A research about “Application of Tithonia and rice straw compost on reduction of commercial fertilizer application and it effects on rice production” has been conducted in Sicincin, 2x11 Enam Lingkung, Padang Pariaman Region as well as in Soil Laboratory Agriculture Faculty, Andalas University, Padang.  This research was conducted from January until May 2009.  The objective of this research was to evaluate effect of titonia and rice straw compost application at intensification rice field on rice production and reduction of commercial fertilizer use.  A field research was allocated based on Randomized Block Design with 6 treatments, those were: A= Farmer Tradition Input (200 kg Urea ha-1+ 200 kg SP-36 ha-1);B=Recomended Input (R= 200 kg Urea ha-1+ 100 kg SP-36 ha-1+ 75 kg KCl ha-1); C= Application of Compost (5  ton rice straw ha-1) +  100% Recommendation Input (Urea + KCl + SP-36); D= Application of Compost (5 ton rice straw ha-1) +  Urea 200 kg ha-1,without KCl + P-starter 10 kg SP-36 ha-1; E= Application of Compost (Titonia 2,5 ton ha-1 + rice straw 2,5 ton ha-1) + Urea 75 % (R) (150 kg ha-1), withou KCl, and P-starter 10 kg SP-36 ha-1; F= Application of Compost (Titonia 2,5 ton ha-1 + 2,5 rice straw ton ha-1) + Urea 50 % (R) (100 kg ha-1), without KCl,and P-starter 10 kg SP-36 ha-1. Data from field research were statistically analysed.  If the F-calculated was significantly different, they would be further analysed using LSD (5%).  The results showed that application of  rice straw-titonia mix compost on intensification rice field could reduce commercial fertilizer by 50 kg Urea ha-1 (=25% Recommendation), and 75 kg KCl ha-1and 100 kg SP-36 ha-1 (100% recommendation) with increasing yield by 1.1 ton ha-1 Harvested Dry Yield (GKP) and 1.03 t/ha Mill Dry Yield (GKG).  If it was compared to fertilization based on farmer tradition, application of  rice straw-titonia mix compost on intensification rice field could reduce commercial fertilizer by 50 kg Urea ha-1 (25% R), and 190 kg SP-36 ha-1 (95% ).Keywords: compost, fertilizers, intensification,  rice  straw, titonia.
PEMANFAATAN AKAR Tithonia diversifolia TERINFEKSI CENDAWAN MIKORIZA ARBUSKULA SEBAGAI INOKULUM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI JAGUNG
Authors: Agustian Agustian
Published: November 2017

Tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia) has been known as shrubs having potential as a green manure crop. Its growth exceeding legume in poor soil nutrients is strongly influenced by mycorhyzosphere. This study tried to use infected root of tithonia as innoculant of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.). The purpose of this research was to study the effect of a given amount of root of tithonia as AMF innoculants on the growth and yield of maize.  The study was designed in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 replicates. The treatment used in this experiment was amount of innoculum consisting of 4 levels: without innoculum (0 g), 10 g, 20 g, and 30 g of innoculum per pot.  The results obtained showed that tithonia roots infected with AMF could be used as innoculum.  It also caused plant height, dry weight of straw, and P- uptake by crops significantly increased. The use of 20 g of innoculum was the best treatment in this experiment which could increase the weight of dry maize straw to 69.67 g per pot which was significantly different from treatment without innoculation. At the same treatment was also found that the best nutrients (N, P, and K) uptake was determined on straw. Innoculation of AMF using tithonia roots affected the increase in frequency and intensity of infection and numbers of spores found in maize rhizosphere.Keywords: arbuscular-mycorrhiza, innoculation, maize, production, tithonia
PENGARUH KOMPOS ASAL KULIT JENGKOL (Phitecolobium jiringa (Jack) Prain ex King) TERHADAP CIRI KIMIA TANAH SAWAH DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN PADI
Authors: Gusnidar Gusnidar , Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita , Nofianti Rosa
Published: November 2017

This research had been conducted in the greenhouse and the Soil Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatera. The study was done from March until October 2011.  The aims of this research were to get the effect of compost from jengkol shell on chemical properties of paddy soil and rice yield.  The experiments were conducted in a greenhouse and the experimental units were arranged based on completely randomized design (CRD).  The treatments were application of compost K0 = 0 tons/ha (0 g/pot), K1 = 5 tons/ha (20 g/pot), K2 = 10 tons/ha (40 g/pot), K3 = 20 tons/ha (80 g/pot), K4 = 40 tons/ha (160 g/pot).  The data were compared to the criteria of soil chemical properties and plant data were statistically analysed for the variance.  If the F calculated > F table, the analyses were continued   by using DNMRT at 0.05 level of significance.  The results showed that application of 160 g compost/pot increased soil pH by 21.78%, N-total by 123.07%, organic-C by 65.84%, available P by 93.55%, K exch. by 238.35%, Ca exch. by 133.33%, Mg exch. by 90.00%, CEC by 238.90%, Cu exch. by 54,10%, as well as the yield by 12,68% compared to the treatment without compost application.Keywords : jengkol, nutrients, paddy soil, production
PERBAIKAN SIFAT FISIKO-KIMIA TANAH PSAMMENT DENGAN PEMULSAAN ORGANIK DAN OLAH TANAH KONSERVASI PADA BUDIDAYA JAGUNG
Authors: Adrinal Adrinal , Saidi Amrizal , Gusmini Gusmini
Published: November 2017

A research about amelioration of psycho-chemical of Psamment by using organic mulch and techniques of conservation tillage on corn growth had been conducted in 2009. Field experiment was located in Korong Olo Bangau, Batang Anai, Padang Pariaman Regency. The general objective of the research was to improve fertility of Psamment and to find out the best tillage practice for corn growth based on soil and water conservation rules. The treatment consisted of two factors (3 x 5) which was designed in RBD. The first factor was tillage (No till, Minimum till, convensional till) and the second factor was mulch source (without mulch, Tithonia, Chromolaena, rice straw, and corn straw). Parameters analysed were either soil physical (moisture, BD, total pore, aggregation) or chemical (pH, N, P, and K) properties, as well as crop production. The result showed that both treatments were able to improve soil-physico-chemical properties of Psamment and corn yield. The value of BD decreased, soil organic mattere, total pore, and aggregation increased. Then, the soil pH as well as available P and K tended to increase. The highest yield (dry seeds) was found from combination between minimum tillage and tithonia mulch.Keywords: sifat fisiko-kimia, Psamment, mulksa, olah tanah konservasi, jagung.
ANALISIS FAKTOR KEBERHASILAN AGROINDUSTRI KAKAO BERKELANJUTAN DI SUMATERA BARAT MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN FUZZY AHP
Authors: Arziyah Dewi
Published: November 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor – faktor penentu keberhasilan pada pengembangan agroindustri kakao yang berkelanjutan di Sumatera Barat dengan menggunakan metode Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP). Agroindustri merupakan pilihan pendekatan pembangunan pertanian.  Agroindustri yang memiliki konsep keberlanjutan, dibangun dan dikembangkan memperhatikan aspek-aspek manajemen dan konservasi sumberdaya alam. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, maka dikembangkan teknik memodifikasi dan teknik himpunan fuzzy dalam AHP yang disebut Fuzzy AHP. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan faktor penentu keberhasilan dalam pengembangan agroindustri pada aspek ekonomi terletak pada kualitas bahan baku yang digunakan dengan bobot 0,1646. Faktor penentu keberhasilan pada aspek sosial yang pertama terdapat pada dukungan kebijakan pemerintah dalam pengembangan agroindustri dengan bobot 0,3655. Faktor penentu keberhasilan pada aspek lingkungan adalah kondisi agroklimat atau kesesuaian lahan daerah Sumatera Barat untuk dijadikan daerah penghasil kakao dengan bobot 0,4455.
Analisis Penerapan Lean Manufacturing Pada Penurunan Cacat Feed Roll Menggunakan Metode PDCA (Studi Kasus PT. XYZ)
Authors: Azwir Hery Hamdi , Setyanto Agus Kurniawan
Published: November 2017

PT XYZ is a company that produce tools, machine parts, and special purpose machines. Based on data from the production department, there are some products with high defect and then need rework. This condition would be very harmful because it will increase the cost that should not be necessary. The research is to find the cause of the occurrence of this defect and then fix it. From the observation result showed that the production of feed roll component has a high defect rate which is 70.59% must be reworked, based on the data during January - September 2016. In October - December 2016 the improvement effort was done by using lean manufacturing approach and PDCA. The results of this improvement provide improved quality of the feed roll component so that the rework gradually decreases and eventually does not exist. Then the cost of production before the repair of Rp 668,694, - reduced to Rp 413,983, -. There was a significant decrease in production cost by 38%.
Editorial
Authors: Duarte Torres Álvaro
Published: November 2017

Sin resumen.
El mandato ciudadano por la paz, la vida y la libertad en Colombia
Authors: Martínez Hincapié Carlos Eduardo
Published: November 2017

Decirle a los actores armados de Colombia, legales e ilegales, que su guerra no nos representa, que no tiene legitimidad, que sus banderas políticas en logran asidero entre la ciudadanía, a través del Mandato Ciudadano por la Paz, la Vida y la Libertad, ha sido una de las acciones más fundamentales en la historia política reciente de este país. Mirarla desde la noviolencia nos permite valorar de forma diferente los procesos sociales y políticos suscitados a partir de este acontecimiento. La lógica de la persistencia necesaria para hacer esta observación contrasta con la lógica de la contundencia que mira esta acción sólo como un evento más que obtuvo unos logros y muchas frustraciones. El esfuerzo de este trabajo consiste en abrir de nuevo sus posibilidades, en recuperar la capacidad de observar sus consecuencias en el mediano y largo plazo, para entender que la construcción de la paz no se agota en la firma de unos tratados entre guerreros, sino que se afianza en las dimensiones culturales de las sociedades.
¿Y cómo habitamos? Una aproximación al concepto de lo fundante en Heidegger
Authors: Benito Millán Claudia Marina
Published: November 2017

Este escrito está dividido en tres momentos: en el primero, se muestra de manera general por qué Heidegger considera que el humanismo es otra metafísica, o mejor, que todo humanismo se ha fundamentado metafísicamente. De ahí surge la necesidad del giro, de la KEHRE, para buscar lo verdaderamente fundante. El segundo, examinará la idea de la ciencia moderna como lo fundamental de la existencia y si realmente es ella lo más fundante de la existencia humana. El último se refiere a la reflexión sobre lo que Heidegger considera el verdadero habitar como lo fundante.
Gestión del talento humano y su incidencia en la organización de seguridad y salud en el trabajo
Authors: Albarracín Álvarez Mauro Darío , Chasillacta Amores Fabiola Beatriz , Gavilanes Fray Verónica Del Pilar , Sánchez Yánez Margarita Genoveva , Guallichico Maura Martha Lucía
Published: November 2017

Introducción: Disponer de un Sistema de Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional es una ventaja competitiva, pues se protege al talento humano, los bienes de la organización, los procesos y los ambientes de trabajo.Objetivo: Determinar la incidencia de la gestión del talento humano en la organización de seguridad y salud en el trabajo del Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado de la Provincia de Cotopaxi.Métodos: Se desarrolló un estudio observacional analítico transversal. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante un cuestionario y lista de chequeo para la observación en campo. El universo de estudio estuvo conformado por 366 personas y bajo un muestreo de tipo aleatorio, se obtuvo una muestra de 128 empleados y trabajadores.Resultados: Se evidenció que el 59.4 %, entre empleados y trabajadores desconocieron los factores de riesgo a los que están expuestos en su lugar de trabajo y el 71.1 % desconocieron las medidas preventivas que permitan reducir los mismos. Se reflejó la falta de procesos rigurosos de selección en el marco de la seguridad y salud, así como limitados procesos de inducción, comunicación, información, capacitación y adiestramiento.Conclusiones: Sería útil la implementación de un manual de funciones con profesiogramas que permitan desarrollar procesos de selección basado en competencias con relación a los factores de riesgos ocupacional por puesto de trabajo.
Conocimientos sobre infecciones de transmisión sexual en estudiantes de primer año de la Carrera de Enfermería
Authors: Rodríguez Lazo Marisol , Mba Nguema  Eseng Javier Juan Pilar , Esono Nchama María Flora , Rovira Ivasa Joaquín
Published: November 2017

Introducción: El incremento de las infecciones de transmisión sexual es motivo de preocupación para el personal de la salud, especialmente para el epidemiólogo y los médicos de la atención primaria que luchan constantemente contra los factores de riesgo actuantes en la cadena epidemiológica, y con las dificultades que plantea actualmente su prevención.Objetivo: Evaluar el nivel conocimiento sobre las infecciones de transmisión sexual en los estudiantes de la carrera de Enfermería del grado I.  Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal con los estudiantes de la carrera de Enfermería del grado I en marzo de 2017, previo consentimiento informado. Universo 70 estudiantes y muestra voluntaria de 60 (85.7%). Se aplicó una encuesta que incluyó: edad y sexo, forma de contagio, vías por las que han recibido información sobre sexualidad y conocimientos sobre las infecciones de transmisión sexual.Resultados: Predominó el grupo de edad de 18 a 22 años con el 65%, y del sexo masculino el 68.3%. El 100% de los encuestados expresaron como forma de contagio el contacto sexual, el 80% manifestó que obtienen información por los medios de difusión y un 70% identificaron al Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida como principal enfermedad de transmisión sexual.Conclusiones: Si bien los estudiantes mostraron conocimientos adecuados, el fortalecimiento de la responsabilidad en la educación de la sexualidad requiere del esfuerzo mancomunado de la escuela, la familia, la sociedad, de ahí la necesidad de una orientación consciente.
Effectiveness of refractive error correction for people with oculocutaneous albinism in Nepal
Authors: Bhari Arjun M , Bajracharya Kabindra , Thapa Hari B , Gautam Maria , Pandey Araniko , Bassett Ken
Published: November 2017

Background: Albinism is commonly associated with high refractive errors, but some clinicians are reluctant to prescribe glasses because reduced vision persists due to additional non-refractive visual problems.Aims and Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of glasses in people with oculocutaneous albinism in Nepal.Materials and Methods: People with Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) were prospectively examined through an outreach program of Lumbini Eye Institute, Nepal. Glasses were prescribed to determine the objective improvement in visual acuity (VA) and strabismus. Compliance with spectacles wear was assessed by telephone contact after 3 weeks and categorized as excellent: >75% of awake hours; good: 50–75% of awake hours; fair: 26–50% of awake hours and poor: <25%.Results: Thirty one people (65% male) mean age 18 years (range: 3 to 50) with OCA were examined. Mean refractive correction was –0.40±4.3 diopters spherical equivalents (range: −11.0 to +7.0 D). Mean visual acuity at distance was 0.9±0.28(6/50) corrected and 1.150.31(5/60) uncorrected (P = 0.000) in 62 eyes. Mean neat VA was1.74±0.89M corrected and 2.06±1.20M uncorrected (P = 0.004). Forty eight per cent (15 people) had fusion with or without glasses and one had fusion only with glasses. Compliance was excellent in 52% (16), fair in 26% (8), good in 12% (4), and poor in 10% (3).Conclusion: Providing eye glasses resulted in a clinically and functionally significant improvement in visual acuity and function in people with OCA.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(6) 2017 30-34
Clinical and endoscopic profile of patients with Mallory- Weiss tears
Authors: Bhattarai Subash , Dewan Khus Raj , Shrestha Gaurav , Patowary Bhanumati Saikia
Published: November 2017

Background: Mallory-Weiss tear is mainly located across the gastro-esophageal mucosal junction and presents with upper gastro-intestinal bleed of less severity. Haemorrhage frequently ceases spontaneously.Aims and Objective: This study was undertaken to establish the incidence, clinical and endoscopic profile of patients with Mallory- Weiss tear.Materials and Methods: Six hundred patients presenting with acute upper gastro-intestinal (UGI) bleed were included in the study. All patients underwent UGI endoscopy after achieving haemodynamic stability, usually within 24 hours. Cases with Mallory Weiss tear were identified and their clinical presentation, endoscopic findings, outcomes during hospitalization including rebleeding and mortality were studied.Results: Twenty eight (4.6%) patients out of six hundred acute upper gastro-intestinal bleed were diagnosed with Mallory-Weiss tear. Fourteen (50%) patients gave history of prior vomiting or preceeding retching. Only two patients (7.1%) presented with shock. The most common co-morbid condition was excessive alcohol consumption. Eighteen (64.3%) patients had no active bleeding during UGI endoscopy. All patients except four presented with a single tear with mean length of two cms. Blood transfusion was needed in eight (28.6%) patients only. Only one patient had re-bleeding. Average hospital admission was three days. No mortality was recorded in 7 days and 28 days of follow ups.Conclusions: Mallory-Weiss tear is not an uncommon cause of UGI bleeding nowadays and its incidence is rising every year. Hemorrhage frequently ceases spontaneously and conservative management is sufficient in many instances. When endoscopic findings reveal active haemorrhage, various endoscopic hemostatic techniques can be used.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(6) 2017 19-23
The comparison of traditional vascular risk factor between hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic stroke
Authors: Pinzon Rizaldy Taslim , Sanyasi Rosa De Lima Renita , Wijono Andre Dharmawan
Published: November 2017

Background: Understanding about risk factors of stroke based on its pathology is very important. Previous study about the vascular risk factors in patients with stroke in Indonesia is very limited.Aims and Objective: Measure the comparison between traditional vascular risk factors in patients with hemorrhagic stroke and non-hemorrhagic (ischemic) stroke.Materials and Methods: This was a nested case-control study using secondary data from electronic medical record and electronic stroke registry of Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta Indonesia. The stroke was diagnosed with standard way by well-trained neurologist and confirmed with CT Scan. The traditional risk factors were defined systematically. We used Dupont Power and Sample Size calculation software and StatCal EpiInfo software with significance level 0,05.Result: The data of 200 subjects consisted of 100 patients with hemorrhagic stroke and 100 patients with non-hemorrhagic stroke. Hypertension was main vascular risk factor in both Group but it was more common in hemorrhagic stroke (OR: 2,528, 95% CI: 0,069 ; 0,316, p < 0,002). Dyslipidemia was a protective factor against hemorrhagic stroke (OR: 0,147, 95% CI: 1,415 ; 4,516, p < 0,001). Diabetes was more common in ischemic stroke compared with hemorrhagic stroke (68% and 32%) respectively.Conclusion: Hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes were modifiable traditional vascular risk factors which significantly had effect on stroke. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(6) 2017 5-8
Demographic profile of Acute Pancreatitis in Eastern India: A Single Centre Experience
Authors: Mukherjee Dibyendu , Bhakta Shantanu , Lahiry Sandeep , Sinha Rajasree
Published: November 2017

Background: Little is known about the etiological risk factors of acute pancreatitis (AP) in Eastern India. Aims and Objective: The aim of this study is to assess current trends etiology of AP in Eastern India. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study with cross-sectional design was undertaken based on available medical records of patients admit between January 2014 and January 2017 with physician-assigned diagnoses of AP at KPC Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata (n = 234). Multivariate analyses were done to identify risk factors, and distribution was compared on the basis gender. Groups were selected on the basis of a working diagnosis. A stratified comparison was done in 3 commonest etiology groups identified: ‘alcohol’, ‘non-alcohol’ and ‘idiopathic’.Results: The commonest etiology was attributed to alcohol (29.4%), idiopathic cause (20.5%), and obstructive cause (14.5%). Prevalence of AP was higher with alcoholism in men (37% vs. 10.8%; p < 00.1), however, other causes like idiopathic cause (12.3% vs. 37.8%), duct obstruction (1.2% vs. 43.2%), obesity (6.1% vs. 24.3%), and hypertriglyceridemia (6.1% vs. 14.8%) were higher among females ( p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Compared to non-alcoholics, patients with idiopathic AP were more likely to be overweight ( p = 0.019) and have T2 DM ( p = 0.021). Moreover, impact assessment of T2 DM status further revealed that the risk of AP was even greater with obesity (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.37; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.57 – 3.26; p = 0.047) and smoking (OR 1.72; 95% CI 1.0 – 2.97; p = 0.049). Eighteen cases (7.7%) of ‘severe’ AP were identified, mostly due to: trauma in 6 (2.5%), idiopathic in 6 (2.5%), gallstones in 4 (1.7%), and alcoholism in 2 (0.8%).Conclusion: Alcohol intake is the predominant etiological risk factor for acute pancreatitis in Eastern India. Gender and type 2 diabetes mellitus are important contributory determinants.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(6) 2017 24-29
Real-time ultrasound-guided external ventricular drain placement: technical note
Authors: Manfield James H. , Yu Kenny K. H.
Published: November 2017

In the United Kingdom, ultrasound-guided external ventricular drain (EVD) insertion is becoming the standard of care to mitigate the morbidity associated with catheter malposition and multiple passes. Many neurosurgeons routinely use ultrasound to check the preinsertion trajectory, although real-time visualization of ventricular cannulation is preferable since minor deviations can be significant in patients with smaller ventricles, and live visualization further enables the catheter tip to be adjusted away from the choroid plexus. Such real-time ultrasound navigation has traditionally been limited by technical factors including the challenge of simultaneously manipulating the probe and inserting the catheter within the same image plane.

The authors here describe a simple technique for precise EVD placement using a readily available bur hole ultrasound transducer attached to a 10-gauge needle guide channel (principally used for biopsy procedures) to accommodate a ventriculostomy catheter. The anticipated trajectory line is then projected onto the display and followed into the ipsilateral lateral ventricle. This is illustrated with a representative case and video demonstrating this rapid, user-friendly, and reliable technique. The authors invite others to consider this useful technique to minimize the risks of catheter misplacement or multiple cannulation attempts, which can be of particular benefit to junior neurosurgeons performing difficult cases under pressured conditions.
Management of raised intracranial pressure in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: time for a consensus?
Authors: Alotaibi Naif M. , Wang Justin Z. , Pasarikovski Christopher R. , Guha Daipayan , Al-Mufti Fawaz , Mamdani Muhammad , Saposnik Gustavo , Schweizer Tom A. , Macdonald R. Loch
Published: November 2017

Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) is a well-recognized phenomenon in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) that has been demonstrated to lead to poor outcomes. Despite significant advances in clinical research into aSAH, there are no consensus guidelines devoted specifically to the management of elevated ICP in the setting of aSAH. To treat high ICP in aSAH, most centers extrapolate their treatment algorithms from studies and published guidelines for traumatic brain injury. Herein, the authors review the current management strategies for treating raised ICP within the aSAH population, emphasize key differences from the traumatic brain injury population, and highlight potential directions for future research in this controversial topic.
Safety and effectiveness of early chemical deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis after spinal cord injury: pilot prospective data
Authors: DiGiorgio Anthony M. , Tsolinas Rachel , Alazzeh Mohanad , Haefeli Jenny , Talbott Jason F. , Ferguson Adam R. , Bresnahan Jacqueline C. , Beattie Michael S. , Manley Geoffrey T. , Whetstone William D. , Mummaneni Praveen V. , Dhall Sanjay S.
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVE

Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) occur in approximately 17,000 people in the US each year. The average length of hospital stay is 11 days, and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) rates as high as 65% are reported in these patients. There is no consensus on the appropriate timing of chemical DVT prophylaxis for this critically injured patient cohort. The object of this study was to determine if low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) was safe and effective if given within 24 hours of SCI.

METHODS

The Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in SCIs study is a prospective observational study conducted by the UCSF Brain and Spinal Injury Center. Protocol at this center includes administration of LMWH within 24 hours of SCI. Data were retrospectively reviewed to determine DVT rate, pulmonary embolism (PE) rate, and hemorrhagic complications.

RESULTS

Forty-nine patients were enrolled in the study. There were 3 DVTs (6.1%), 2 PEs (4.1%), and no hemorrhagic complications. Regression modeling did not find an association between DVT and/or PE and age, American Spinal Injury Association grade, sex, race, or having undergone a neurosurgical procedure.

CONCLUSIONS

A standardized protocol in which LMWH is given to patients with SCI within 24 hours of injury is effective in keeping venous thromboembolism at the lower end of the reported range, and is safe, with a zero rate of adverse bleeding events.
Dose-mortality, Cytotoxicity and Repellent Activity of Abutilon hirtum (Lam.) Sweet against Callosobruchus chinensis (L.), Artemia salina L. and Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.)
Authors: Hossain S. , Rimi S. A. , Ali H. , Shawon R. A. , Abdullah M. , Islam N.
Published: November 2017

Petroleum ether (Pet. ether), chloroform (CHCl3) and methanol (CH3OH) extracts of the aerial parts of Abutilon hirtum (Lam.) Sweet were subjected to dose-mortality against the stored grain pest Callosobruchus chinensis (L.), cytotoxicity against brine Shrimp Artemia salina L. nauplii and repellent activity against adult beetles of Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.). Against C. chinensis only CH3OH extract showed promising mortality and provided LD50 values 1.344, 1.294, 1.243 and 1.152 mg/cm2 after 6, 12, 18 and 24 h of exposure respectively, however, Pet. ether and CHCl3 extracts didnt show mortality. Against A. salina nauplii Pet. ether, CHCl3 and CH3OH extracts showed cytotoxic effects; while Pet. ether extract gave LC50 values 2461.031, 642, 191.233, 94.618 ppm after 6, 12, 18 and 24 h of exposure respectively, and CHCl3 extract provided LC50 values 1336.124, 679.387, 276.961 and 199.988 ppm; and CH3OH offered 531.896, 212.840, 91.499 and 72.975 ppm after 6, 12, 18 and 24 h of exposure respectively. For repellency against T. castaneum adults CHCl3 extract showed significant result at 1% level of significance (P < 0.01), while the CH3OH extract showed moderate repellency at 5% level of significance (P < 0.05), but the Pet. ether extract didnt show any significant repellent activity.
‘I cannot rub this strangeness from my sight’: Contemporary Belfast and Sinéad Morrissey'sThrough the Square Window
Authors: Bolton Jonathan
Published: November 2017

Focussing on the poems in Sinéad Morrissey's Through the Square Window (2009), this essay examines how the poet envisions a transformed, post-troubles Belfast through a range of perspectives, shifting her attention away from but not entirely forgetting the ways in which the past impinges on the present. The result is a poetry that is to some extent free from the political imperatives that have confronted earlier generations of Northern Irish poets and apprehends Belfast's landscape and urban geography in fresh ways and incorporates a more cosmopolitan and post-national consciousness.
Something Happening Quietly: Owen McCafferty's Theatre of Truth and Reconciliation
Authors: Parr Connal
Published: November 2017

This article concerns the Belfast dramatist Owen McCafferty (1961–) and his play Quietly, which debuted at the Abbey's Peacock Theatre in November 2012. Considering antecedents in McCafferty's earlier work, it illustrates how the play reflects a longstanding and contemporary condition whereby individuals in Northern Ireland deal with the legacy of the Troubles on their own terms, essentially bypassing elected representatives engaged in polemical disputes over the past. Based on a real bombing in 1974, the production's development is outlined prior to discussions of the play's depiction of violence, racism, women, and the prospects of an independent truth commission and ‘healing’.
Treatment with a Catalytic Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Mimetic Improves Liver Steatosis, Insulin Sensitivity, and Inflammation in Obesity-Induced Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Coudriet Gina , Delmastro-Greenwood Meghan , Previte Dana , Marré Meghan , O’Connor Erin , Novak Elizabeth , Vincent Garret , Mollen Kevin , Lee Sojin , Dong H. , Piganelli Jon
Published: November 2017

Oxidative stress and persistent inflammation are exaggerated through chronic over-nutrition and a sedentary lifestyle, resulting in insulin resistance. In type 2 diabetes (T2D), impaired insulin signaling leads to hyperglycemia and long-term complications, including metabolic liver dysfunction, resulting in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The manganese metalloporphyrin superoxide dismustase (SOD) mimetic, manganese (III) meso-tetrakis (N-ethylpyridinium-2-yl) porphyrin (MnP), is an oxidoreductase known to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decrease pro-inflammatory cytokine production, by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activation. We hypothesized that targeting oxidative stress-induced inflammation with MnP would assuage liver complications and enhance insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mouse model of T2D. During 12 weeks of feeding, we saw significant improvements in weight, hepatic steatosis, and biomarkers of liver dysfunction with redox modulation by MnP treatment in HFD-fed mice. Additionally, MnP treatment improved insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, while reducing serum insulin and leptin levels. We attribute these effects to redox modulation and inhibition of hepatic NF-κB activation, resulting in diminished ROS and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. This study highlights the importance of controlling oxidative stress and secondary inflammation in obesity-mediated insulin resistance and T2D. Our data confirm the role of NF-κB-mediated inflammation in the development of T2D, and demonstrate the efficacy of MnP in preventing the progression to disease by specifically improving liver pathology and hepatic insulin resistance in obesity.