bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Game Mobile Learning
Authors: Sandy Teguh Arie , Hidayat Wahyu Nur
Published: May 2022

Banyak orang yang ingin belajar membuat game android, namun karena keterbatasan skill pemrograman komputer membuat hanya segelitir orang yang mau membuat game android. Kode-kode dan script yang rumit serta harus menguasai bahasa pemrograman tertentu akhirnya menciptakan pola pikir kepada masyarakat bahwa membuat game android itu sulit. Buku ini membahas tentang bagaimana membuat game android tanpa perlu menguasai bahasa pemrograman dengan hanya memakai program Construct 2. Di dalam buku ini akan dibahas bagaimana cara membuat game android yang interaktif, aplikatif dan edukatif.
Modernleşmenin Sembolü Tarihi Muğla Saat Kulesi ve Muvakkithanesi
Authors: DERE Murat Erdal
Published: May 2022

İnsanlar zamanı var olmalarından itibaren, yeryüzünde meydana gelen tabiat hadiselerinin süreçler çerçevesinde vukuu bulduğu mekanla ilişkilendirilerek anlamlandırmaya çalışmışlardır. Medeniyetler geliştikçe de kendi anlam dünyalarından neşet eden bir varlık tasavvuru geliştirmiş ve zamanı mekanla ilişkilendirerek onu dilimlemeye başlamışlardır. Bu dilimlemeyi yani zamanı tayin etmeyi, zamanın mekâna yansıması olarak adlandırıyoruz.
İslam Medeniyetinin son temsilcisi Osmanlı Devleti muvakkithaneyle zamanı mekâna yansıtmış ve modernleşmeyle de mekanik zamanı saat kulelerine yansıtmıştır. Bu bağlamda kendi kültürümüzde zamanın mekâna yansımalarını konu edinerek incelemiş ve çalışmamız kapsamında zamanın Muğla’ya mekânsal olarak yansıması araştırılmıştır. Muğla Muvakkithanesi ve Saat Kulesinden hareketle, tarihi muvakkithane ve saat kuleleri gibi taşınamaz kültür varlığı mimari eserleri anlayarak yeni fonksiyonlarla kültür hayatımıza tekrar kazandırılmaları amaçlanmıştır.
The Effect of Competition on Earnings Management with Accounting Conservatism as Mediator
Authors: Nurmansyah Agung
Published: May 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of competition on accounting conservatism, analyze the effect of competition on earnings management, and analyze the effect of competition on earnings management with accounting conservatism as a mediator. The population in this study was 45 companies. The sampling technique used the purposive sampling method, in order to obtain the number of samples in this study as many as 15 companies. The analysis technique uses path analysis. The results of the analysis show that competition has an effect on accounting conservatism. Competition affects earnings management. Accounting conservatism has a significant effect on earnings management. Competition affects earnings management with accounting conservatism as a mediator.
Kiai's Transformational Leadership in Policy Making for Realizing the Quality of Islamic Boarding Schools
Authors: Khoiri Naillul , Patoni Achmad , Tanzeh Ahmad
Published: May 2022

This research is motivated by the theory of transformational leadership in the style of the Prophet Muhammad, which is commonly referred to as prophetic transformational leadership. As it is known that the phenomenon of kiai leadership in the eyes of the people is unique. The existence of a kiai figure as a leader is not just a figure who has a position as a leader in an organization as leaders in general. More than that, kiai is the image of a figure who has an image that is identical to the image of prophethood (al ulama warasatul anbiya). The existence of kiai leadership is also perceived by his followers as an image of leadership that is identical to the leadership style of the prophets. A person's success in becoming a leader is determined by the quality of certain traits or characters that exist in the leader. These characters are related to physical, mental, psychological, personality, and intellectual. The approach in this study uses a qualitative approach with the type of research being a multi-site study. Data collection techniques using in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. Data were analyzed repeatedly through single data analysis and cross-site analysis. The findings of this study are a) a charismatic and revolutionary leadership model approach; b) policies based on the mandate of the institution's vision, mission, and goals, as well as mandates c) high commitment to the quality of Islamic boarding school values taught by muassis with policies on recruitment of educators and alumni-based education; d) policy making is more based on the basis by always avoiding personal policy making.
Coping and Adaptation Strategies by Small-Scale Farmers in the Pru district of Ghana: Legal Orders Imposed by State and Non-State Actors
Authors: Quansah Charles , Mensah Ronald Osei , Yeboah Isaac
Published: May 2022

The Pru district has been affected by large-scale land acquisition activities as most smallholder farmers have been affected. However, this study teased out the coping and the adaptation strategies of smallholder farmers to mitigate the effects of large-scale land acquisition in the Pru district in the Bono East Region of Ghana. The study employed a mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative) approach, where farming households and smallholder farmers were interviewed. Focus group discussions were also conducted to solicit data from farmer-based associations to help in the attainment of the objectives of the study. Primary and secondary sources of data were employed in the study. The qualitative data was analyzed thematically. The study found out that smallholder farmers cope and adapt to a situation differently as most cope with the re-location of farms too far places by leaving the house early and reducing the number of days of visit as smallholder farmers bought motorbikes as their adaptive strategies. The study revealed that smallholder farmers engaged in fishing activities, keeping backyard gardening and depending on family and friends for support as a coping and adaptation strategy.
IoT Applications help people with Autism
Authors: Fotoglou Anestis , Moraiti Ioanna , Dona Katerina , Katsimperi Alexandra , Tsionakas Konstantinos , Karabatzaki Zoi , Drigas Athanasios
Published: May 2022

This article is aimed at teachers, parents, caregivers, and everyone interested in special education and the autism spectrum. The purpose is to present the usefulness of technological applications in special education and specifically refers to the usefulness of Internet of Things applications in Autism disorder. Digital technologies have come actively into everyday life to provide solutions even in a complex fields such as special education. Technology and the internet of things promise to people who belong to the autism spectrum but also to their parents’ solutions that aim at their integration into society. Smart devices save time, data, and several treatments. The Autism Spectrum Disorder, the IoT technology in the field of Medicine - IoT, the IoT applications with the help of artificial intelligence, and the skills acquired by people with autism because of these technological innovations are some of the fields that will be analyzed.
The Theatre of Mind: An educational tool of teaching Emotional Intelligence via ICTs and distant learning
Authors: Gatsakou Christina , Bardis Nikolaos , Drigas Athanasios
Published: May 2022

The aim of this paper is to provide a different approach in the educational process, introducing “The Theatre of Mind” - a term that we use instead of the term tabletop Role Playing Games (tRPGs)- as a powerful interdisciplinary educational tool with a view to cultivating and developing the emotional intelligence of students. According to this approach, my intention is to indicate how the use of the Theatre of Mind in the educational environment can be an integral asset; not only in teaching school’s subjects (ex. Language, History, Physics etc.) but also in teaching behavior, culture, ideals, and ethical values. Therefore, it aims at student's mental and emotional stimulation targeting the integration of mental and emotional process emphasizing the latter. Thus, the Theatre of Mind may provoke and develop concrete emotions, manners and behavior through simulating real life. It is a method that may provide a unique experience for the student. Concluding, I suggest that the Theatre of Mind due to its nature and by means of a special design can function as the field where learners will deal with a holistic cultural experience monitoring and developing emotional intelligence even in distant learning.
Continuous Online Assessment: Opening TVET Education in South Africa through Instant Feedback and Flexibility
Authors: Huang Cheng-Wen
Published: May 2022

Every interaction between an educator and a student has the potential to be pedagogically rich. Yet many interactions feel minimal and limited because they are designed to achieve a singular, one-dimensional goal. This is especially true when it comes to assessments.

In most cases, assessments provide information to an educator about a student’s understanding of materials that were covered in a course.

However, because assessments are often summative (covering knowledge shared up to a given point) and evaluative (aimed at providing information about a student to the educator rather than the student themselves), students rarely learn as much as they could from assessment activities.
OER Development Models: Opening Post-School Education in South Africa through a Coordinated OER Strategy
Authors: Dabula Anelisa
Published: May 2022

Given the many challenges facing higher education – such as the massification of the sector, rising student costs, high textbook prices, a growing digital divide and the undersupply of Global South learning materials – open educational resources (OER) have been proposed as one of a number of elements that can help address these challenges. As openly licensed educational resources that can be used, adapted and shared by anyone (Butcher 2010), OER are a versatile innovation that can open up learning by disrupting static intellectual property (IP), publishing and funding regimes.

This is especially true in South Africa where, over the last decade, open education advocates have been making the case for greater OER engagement at national higher education institutions (HEIs) (Hodgkinson-Williams & Arinto 2017). They have made the case that OER can reduce education costs for students, increase resource relevance in the South African context and increase collaborative opportunities between educators and students (Masuku et al. 2021).
Open Educational Resources Funding: Opening Higher Education in South Africa through OER Small Grants
Authors: Maake-Malatji Mahlatse
Published: May 2022

Most South African higher education students face a persistent challenge regarding their learning materials’ cost, relevance and comprehensibility. Their prescribed textbooks are usually expensive, authored in the Global North, and written in English, which is often students’ second or third language.This can exacerbate long-standing economic, epistemological and linguistic inequalities.

One response has been for local educators to explore the potential of open educational resources (OER) to mitigate, if not overcome, these challenges for their students. But how would OER do that?
Innovative Leadership: Opening Post-School Education in South Africa through Enabling Early e-Learning Adoption
Authors: Raban Mukhtar
Published: May 2022

Since the rise of the computer and the internet, technology-enhanced learning (TEL) has gradually become a more prominent part of the post-school education and training sector (Gaebel et al. 2014; Kanuka 2008). Interest in TEL dramatically rose during the COVID-19 pandemic, but even preceding the lockdowns, e-learning offerings were already increasing at a rate of 15% per year worldwide (Alqahtani & Rajkhan 2020). TEL and online learning in general were becoming more commonplace, both as a substitute for, or complement to, face-to-face learning and teaching.

In South Africa, the Department of Higher Education and Training (DHET) has called for Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) colleges to widen flexible access to learning by varying their modes of delivery to include e-learning and blended learning so as to become more open, accessible and inclusive (DHET 2013, 2017). In response, many of the 50 colleges in the TVET sector have sought to increase the range and diversity of e-learning experiences within their various programmes.
Working Towards Open: Opening Post-School Education in South Africa through Alternative Access Routes
Authors: Dhurumraj Thasmai , Govender Shanali C.
Published: May 2022

One of the primary objectives of the Department of Higher Education and Training (DHET) is to improve access to higher education opportunities for those who have not been able to continue studying since leaving high school.

There are numerous reasons – financial, linguistic, personal, social, developmental, geographic, familial, health-related – why an aspiring student might not be able to access higher education studies, but perhaps the most common reason is academic, that they failed to obtain a high enough matric result to study at a public higher education institution (HEI).
Work Integrated Learning: Opening Educator Professional Learning and Development in the TVET Sector
Authors: Govender Shanali C , Dhurumraj Tashmai
Published: May 2022

For the Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) sector to thrive in South Africa, TVET colleges need passionate, professional and appropriately qualified lecturers to educate their students. Yet while many lecturers have the passion for their work, far too few have the academic qualifications or industry experience to make TVET education as valuable an experience as it could be for students (Olowoyo et al. 2020).

Part of the reason for this is historical. At the end of apartheid, the 153 “ethnically defined” vocational colleges were rapidly merged into 50 Further Education and Training (FET) colleges (Wedekind 2016a, 2016b) – the base of our current TVET sector. This caused substantial stress for lecturers at the time (Wedekind et al. 2016). Further disputes between the then Ministries of Education and Labour for control of the colleges resulted in staff insecurity and attrition (Cosser et al. 2011) and a decline of the
Structural damage of myelin in experimental Parkinsonism and prospects for their drug correction in the clinic of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Rozova Kateryna , Gasyuk Tatiana , Karasevich Nina , Karaban Irina
Published: May 2022

Changes in myelin ultrastructure under experimental Parkinsonism in the tissues of the medulla oblongata and striatum were performed under experimental Parkinsonism induced by rotenone administration in 30 adult rats of the Wistar line. Clinico-electromyographic studies were performed on patients with Parkinson's disease with a stage of disease 2.0 -3.0 (Hoehn a. Yahr).
Efficacy of Cerebrolysin has been shown to correct myelin abnormalities to elucidate the effect on the muscle reflex response to irritation of sensitive nerve fibres of the mixed nerve with subsequent monosynaptic activation of motor neurons and spinal cord neurons. One of the mechanisms associated with myelin damage in Parkinsonism is the development of mitochondrial dysfunction, in any case, its ultrastructural component. The use of Cerebrolysin leads to a significant elimination of mitochondrial dysfunction and myelin damage. It can be assumed that the positive effect of the drug lies in the antioxidant effect, which, in turn, effect the transmembrane conductivity, which should be considered one of the neuroprotective effects of the drug.

Keywords: experimental Parkinsonism; Parkinson's disease; myelin; medulla oblongata; sriatum; mitochondrial dysfunction; transmembrane conductivity; cerebrolysin.
Tiempo libre educativo para el desarrollo comunitario
Authors: Beloki Nekane , Remiro Barandiaran Arantza , Darretxe Urrutxi Leire , Gezuraga Amundarain Monike
Published: May 2022

El artículo recoge los resultados de una investigación colaborativa realizada en un municipio de Vizcaya, con una larga trayectoria de desarrollo del tiempo libre educativo infantojuvenil. Con la clave de la inclusión de las voces de la infancia y la innovación, se desarrolló una experiencia radiofónica que puso en evidencia el trabajo que desde el tiempo libre educativo se hacía en el municipio, sus actores y su repercusión en el desarrollo de la comunidad desde la voz de las personas menores. El proyecto forma parte de una investigación coordinada de cuatro universidades españolas. En su desarrollo participaron educadores de las tres entidades que se ocupan del tiempo libre educativo en el municipio. El proceso tuvo una duración de un año, con diferentes fases y momentos, donde el protagonismo de las personas menores de edad ha sido clave. Los resultados demuestran que el tiempo libre educativo es un motor importante para el desarrollo comunitario, mejora la convivencia y planteado desde claves inclusivas y transformadoras, favorece la cohesión social junto a procesos igualitarios, equitativos y justos. La radio comunitaria ofrece, además, una forma de expresión y visibilización del colectivo de menores de edad en la comunidad.
Las expectativas laborales en estudiantes de la educación profesional técnica
Authors: Tapia Bernabé Irvin Rodolfo
Published: May 2022

La educación profesional técnica en México ha vivido desde hace casi dos décadas un proceso de transformación en su perfil de egreso, pasando de ofrecer una formación para el trabajo con carácter terminal, a la adopción del bachillerato, lo que posibilita el tránsito a la educación superior. Estas transformaciones en su modelo académico y curricular han traído consigo un cambio en el perfil estudiantil que, hasta el momento, ha sido poco estudiado. Por lo anterior, el presente trabajo aporta evidencia importante desde el estudio de las expectativas educativas y laborales de los estudiantes próximos a egresar del Conalep. Como principal hallazgo se identificó que las expectativas hacia la educación superior son un deseo generalizado, indistintamente del contexto familiar y situación económica. En este sentido, los factores familiares y económicos ejercen una influencia importante que limita la realización de dicho proyecto de vida, siendo estos dos factores los condicionantes que inclinan la decisión por optar hacia el trabajo y no el efecto vocacional de las carreras. Asimismo, el estudio aporta evidencia importante que demuestra la fuerza vocacional hacia el trabajo que tiene el Modelo de Formación en el Sistema Conalep.
Effectiveness of Jurisprudential Inquiry Model of Teaching for Enhancing Achievement in Social Science and Social Tolerance among High School Students
Authors: Dr. Tariq Hider Mir  , Dr. Jasmeet Kaur Tandon
Published: May 2022

Dare not to enter it unless you don’t love it (John Dewey)
Teaching is an art as well as Science it is not everybody’s cup of tea. It is a mechanical process which develops all over development of child, The traditional teaching which was teacher centered and full of loopholes and contradiction, it was autocratic in nature. In Indian society there is everywhere social issues, political issues, social injustices and human rights violations. There is no such type of platform were students can rethink on these issues and try to resolve these issues. The Indian education system was not student centered in this system teacher was active and students were passive listeners. Keeping in the mind Oliver and Shaver developed a model namely Jurisprudential Inquiry Model of teaching. by the teaching through this model the students can raise the social issue, rethink on these social issues and try to resolve these issues. and develop social tolerance, by teaching through Jurisprudential Inquiry Model it will enhance social competency, social tolerance, problem solving ability, social leadership team work, SOCIAL TOLERENCE, empathy among the students. so it is a recent trend, it is a method of teaching, device of teaching, tool, technique of teaching through which all round development will be developed among the students.
Design and Fabrication of Automatic Tyre Inflation and Deflation System for Four Wheeler
Authors: V. N. Loganathan  , N. Abilash Sharma  , V. Kannan  , S. Kavin  , V. P. Prashanth
Published: May 2022

Now a days major people used four wheeler for their comfort and Sophistication. Most of the drivers didn’t check the tire pressure regularly. Driven time observation that shows that a drop in tire pressure by just a few psi can result in the reduction of mileage, their life, safety, and vehicle performance. So we have designed to an automatic tire inflation and deflation system its continuously monitored air pressure inside the tire while running condition. When the air pressure will be over inflated or under inflation at that point the electronic system is activated to the solenoid valve. The solenoid valve is to be deplete or reload the exact air pressure. This paper will focuses to overcome the problems and suggested a proposed working model with expected results of exact maintenance of the pressure in the tyre.
Automatic Door Knob Sanitizer Machine
Authors: Parag Kapre  , Abhishek Saptale  , Parthkumar Rohit  , Baswaraj Chavle  , Suraj Jagadale
Published: May 2022

A rise in COVID-19 transmission risk led people, industries, and the government to adopt different approaches for controlling the spread rate of the virus. This project uses Arduino-Nano, Servo motor, and a servo motor. While each approach has its advantages, one approach in particular -- Arduino-based sanitizing systems -- has played a key role in preventing the spread of Coronavirus due to its cost-effectiveness and flexibility. According to our information, an automatic sanitizer for door handles and knobs that uses IR sensors and servo motors has not been reported so far. Therefore, we have demonstrated an automatic door handle sanitizer which is commonly used in hospitals, houses, and other places to sanitize the handles and knobs. Efforts have been made to prevent Coronavirus infection. A person who gets infected by touching a contaminated doorknob of any organization, house, hospital, etc., will suffer serious repercussions as well as the country in which he lives. By sanitizing the door handle, the said system removes the virus it contains from the door handle as the person touches it. An IR sensor is used to demonstrate the mechanism. To prevent the spread of COVID-19, it can be implemented in places such as hospitals and businesses where the doors are used frequently.
Corrosion Assessment for Aging Treatment of Rolled and Selective Laser Melting 18Ni 300 Maraging Steel
Authors: Chen Lin , Kim Changkyu , Michailidis Nikolaos , Castaneda Homero
Published: May 2022

In this study, we investigate the microstructure and the corrosion performance of an 18Ni 300 maraging steel after prepared by selective laser melting (SLM) technique and the effects of aging. The commercial 18Ni 300 maraging steel fabricated by rolling followed by aging acts as a comparison. The SLM specimens showed fine microstructures with homogeneous cellular and columnar dendrites, which resulted in relatively uniform corrosion, while the conventionally rolled specimens displayed a typical lath martensite microstructure. The aging treatment accelerated the corrosion rate possibly due to the galvanic corrosion between intermetallic precipitates Ni3(Ti, Mo) and martensite matrix, as well as the corrosion of Ni and Co which diffuses into the matrix. The formation of unmelted particles made of (Al, Ti)O during the SLM process is deleterious to the corrosion resistance as they lead to localized attack. The long-term immersion makes for the accumulation of thick and corrosion product layer, which prevents further dissolution of the metal substrate by preventing oxygen and ion species from contacting metals.
Lesson Planning for Skills-Based Health Education
Authors: Alperin Holly , Benes Sarah
Published: May 2022

Lesson Planning for Skills-Based Elementary Health Education is a highly practical resource for elementary health educators or general classroom teachers looking for innovative, tried-and-true ways to implement health education.

The text offers effective skills-based learning activities, lessons, units, and assessments for your classroom that you can use as they are or with modifications to meet the needs of your students. You can use this text to build a completely new curriculum or to supplement your existing curriculum, providing a smooth transition from a content-based approach to a skills-based approach. The authors explain the rationale and foundation for making that transition, putting the lesson plans, activities, and assessments into context as you learn how to implement a skills-based approach.

The 130 lessons and activities in Lesson Planning for Skills-Based Elementary Health Education have been

• created by the authors and experienced teachers broadly recognized for their expertise in skills-based health education;

• organized to map to the skills in the National Health Education Standards and align with a five-step skill-development model;

• designed to be adaptable to meet the needs of all students; and

• enhanced with student worksheets that are available in both English and Spanish.

Lesson Planning for Skills-Based Elementary Health Education is an ideal companion to The Essentials of Teaching Health Education, a foundational text by Benes and Alperin that presents teaching and assessment strategies for planning and implementing a skills-based approach to teaching health education. Together, these two books can help you effectively teach skills-based health education from day one.

Lesson Planning for Skills-Based Elementary Health Education offers a detailed, easy-to-use learning activity template and employs a teacher-friendly format that has been proven effective in the field.

The text is organized into two parts. Part I delves into key aspects of planning, implementing, and assessing a skills-based approach, offering you a strong foundation in the core concepts of the approach. Each of the part II chapters is devoted to a skill addressed in the National Health Education Standards, providing you with the following material:

• An overview of the skill

• Key considerations for teaching the skill

• A unit outline

• Assessments

• Lesson plans

• Learning activities

Lesson Planning for Skills-Based Elementary Health Education offers you all you need to put a skills-based approach into practice: the solid foundational information that explains the concepts and the resources, tools, and strategies to help you implement the lesson plans and activities that will aid your students in developing proficiency in the skills emphasized in the national standards.

AUDIENCE

Resource for elementary health education teachers and administrators. Supplemental text for undergraduate- and graduate-level courses in health education teaching methods.
Effects of neural mobilization on sciatic nerve excursion, symptoms, and regional function in individuals with nerve-related low back pain
Authors: Vijayalakshmi Ravilla , R Lokesh , Kanthanathan Subbiah , Aseer Antony Leo , Ramachandran Sivakumar
Published: May 2022

Introduction

Low back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders andneural mobilization was usually rendered as a treatment for Nerve related low back pain (N-LBP). But warrants more support for its effectiveness and related outcomes. To find the effect of neural mobilization in improving nerve mobility and symptoms among individuals with N-LBP.

Methods

An experimental study was conducted in physiotherapy outpatient department with 23 subjects after obtaining written consent and were divided into two groups using simple random allocation as experimental (EG, n = 13) and control group (CG, n = 10). A standardized musculoskeletal evaluation was done prior to the treatment to quantify pain (numeric pain rating scale – NPRS), lumbar range (bubble inclinometer), sciatic nerve mobility (ultrasonogram – USG) and regional function (Oswestry Disability Index – ODI). Participants received therapy for pain modulation and spinal conditioning exercises with or without neural mobilization for 10 sessions spread over 3 weeks. The pre and post treatment data were analyzed using non parametric testing with significance (p < 0.05).

Results

Between group analyses showed the following observation; pain intensity (p < 0.047), lumbar range (flexion – p < 0.555, extension – p < 0.294), nerve mobility (p < 0.001) and functional disability (ODI – p < 0.617), with significance only in pain intensity and nerve mobility among EG compared to CG. Within group analysis showed a statistical and clinical significance for all above variables post treatment in both the groups.

Conclusions

Neural mobilization improves nerve mobility (sciatic nerve excursion) and symptom, can be rendered as a treatment in individuals with nerve related LBP.
Scan strategies for wind profiling with Doppler lidar – an large-eddy simulation (LES)-based evaluation
Authors: Rahlves Charlotte , Beyrich Frank , Raasch Siegfried
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Doppler-lidar scan techniques for wind profiling rely on the assumption of a horizontally homogeneous wind field and stationarity for the duration of the scan. As this condition is mostly violated in reality, detailed knowledge of the resulting measurement error is required. The objective of this study is to quantify and compare the expected error associated with Doppler-lidar wind profiling for different scan strategies and meteorological conditions by performing virtual Doppler-lidar measurements implemented in a large-eddy simulation (LES) model. Various factors influencing the lidar retrieval error are analyzed through comparison of the wind measured by the virtual lidar with the “true” value generated by the LES. These factors include averaging interval length, zenith angle configuration, scan technique and instrument orientation (cardinal direction). For the first time, ensemble simulations are used to determine the statistically expected uncertainty of the lidar error. The analysis reveals a root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) of less than 1 m s−1 for 10 min averages of wind speed measurements in a moderately convective boundary layer, while RMSD exceeds 2 m s−1 in strongly convective conditions. Unlike instrument orientation with respect to the main flow and scanning scheme, the zenith angle configuration proved to have significant effect on the retrieval error. Horizontal wind speed error is reduced when a larger zenith angle configuration is used but is increased for measurements of vertical wind. Furthermore, we find that extending the averaging interval length of lidar measurements reduces the error. In addition, a longer duration of a full scan cycle and hence a smaller number of scans per averaging interval increases the error. Results suggest that the scan strategy has a measurable impact on the lidar retrieval error and that instrument configuration should be chosen depending on the quantity of interest and the flow conditions in which the measurement is performed.
Is it possible to estimate aerosol optical depth from historic colour paintings?
Authors: von Savigny Christian , Lange Anna , Hemkendreis Anne , Hoffmann Christoph , Rozanov Alexei
Published: May 2022

Abstract. The idea of estimating stratospheric aerosol optical thickness from the twilight colours in historic paintings – particularly under conditions of volcanically enhanced stratospheric aerosol loading – is very tantalising, because it would provide information on the stratospheric aerosol loading over a period of several centuries. This idea has in fact been applied in a few studies in order to provide quantitative estimates of the aerosol optical depth after some of the major volcanic eruptions that occurred during the past 500 years. In this study we critically review this approach and come to the conclusion that the uncertainties of the estimated aerosol optical depths are so large that the values have to be considered highly questionable. We show that several auxiliary parameters – which are typically poorly known for historic eruptions – can have a similar effect on the red-green colour ratio as a change in optical depth typically associated with eruptions such as, e.g. Tambora in 1815 or Krakatao in 1883. Among the effects considered here, uncertainties in the aerosol particle size distribution have the largest impact on the colour ratios and hence the aerosol optical depth estimate. For solar zenith angles exceeding 80 degrees, uncertainties in the stratospheric ozone amount can also have a significant impact on the colour ratios. In addition, for solar zenith angles exceeding 90 degrees the colour ratios exhibit a dramatic dependence on solar zenith angle, rendering the estimation of aerosol optical depth essentially impossible.
Karst spring discharge modeling based on deep learning using spatially distributed input data
Authors: Wunsch Andreas , Liesch Tanja , Cinkus Guillaume , Ravbar Nataša , Chen Zhao , Mazzilli Naomi , Jourde Hervé , Goldscheider Nico
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Despite many existing approaches, modeling karst water resources remains challenging as conventional approaches usually heavily rely on distinct system knowledge. Artificial neural networks (ANNs), however, require only little prior knowledge to automatically establish an input–output relationship. For ANN modeling in karst, the temporal and spatial data availability is often an important constraint, as usually no or few climate stations are located within or near karst spring catchments. Hence, spatial coverage is often not satisfactory and can result in substantial uncertainties about the true conditions in the catchment, leading to lower model performance. To overcome these problems, we apply convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to simulate karst spring discharge and to directly learn from spatially distributed climate input data (combined 2D–1D CNNs). We investigate three karst spring catchments in the Alpine and Mediterranean region with different meteorological–hydrological characteristics and hydrodynamic system properties. We compare the proposed approach both to existing modeling studies in these regions and to our own 1D CNN models that are conventionally trained with climate station input data. Our results show that all the models are excellently suited to modeling karst spring discharge (NSE: 0.73–0.87, KGE: 0.63–0.86) and can compete with the simulation results of existing approaches in the respective areas. The 2D models show a better fit than the 1D models in two of three cases and automatically learn to focus on the relevant areas of the input domain. By performing a spatial input sensitivity analysis, we can further show their usefulness in localizing the position of karst catchments.
Time of Emergence of compound events: contribution of univariate and dependence properties
Authors: François Bastien , Vrac Mathieu
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Many climate-related disasters often result from a combination of several climate phenomena, also referred to as "compound events" (CEs). By interacting with each other, these phenomena can lead to huge environmental and societal impacts, at a scale potentially far greater than any of these climate events could have caused separately. Marginal and dependence properties of the climate phenomena forming the CEs are key statistical properties characterising their probabilities of occurrence. In this study, we propose a new methodology to assess the time of emergence of compound events probabilities, which is critical for mitigation strategies and adaptation planning. Using copula theory, we separate and quantify the contribution of marginal and dependence properties to the overall probability changes of multivariate hazards leading to compound events. It provides a better understanding of how the statistical properties of variables leading to CEs evolve and contribute to the change of their occurrences. For illustration purposes, the methodology is applied over a 13-member multi-model ensemble (CMIP6) to two case studies: compound wind and precipitation extremes over the region of Brittany (France), and frost events occurring during the growing season preconditioned by warm temperatures (growing-period frost) over Central France. For compound wind and precipitation extremes, results show that probabilities emerge before the end of the 21st century for 6 models of the considered CMIP6 ensemble. For growing-period frosts, significant changes of probability are detected for 11 models. Yet, the contribution of marginal and dependence properties to these changes of probabilities can be very different from a climate hazard to another, and from one model to another. Depending on the CE, some models give a strong importance to both marginal properties and dependence properties for probability changes. These results highlight the importance of considering both marginal and dependence properties changes, as well as their inter-model variability, for future risk assessments due to compound events.
Investigation of An Extreme Rainfall Event during 8–12 December 2018 over Central Vietnam. Part I: Analysis and Cloud-Resolving Simulation
Authors: Wang Chung-Chieh , Nguyen Duc Van
Published: May 2022

Abstract. An extreme rainfall event occurred from 8 to 12 December 2018 along the coast of central Vietnam. The observed maximum rainfall amount in 72 h was over 900 mm and set a new record, and the associated heavy losses were also significant. The analysis of this event shows some key factors for its occurrence: (1) The interaction between the strong northeasterly winds, blowing from the Yellow Sea into the northern South China Sea (SCS), and easterly winds over the SCS in the lower troposphere (below 700 hPa). This interaction created strong low-level convergence, as the winds continued to blow into central Vietnam against the Truong Son Range, resulting in forced uplift over the coastal plains due to the terrain’s barrier effect. As a consequence, heavy rainfall occurred along the coast. (2) The strong easterly wind played an important role in transporting moisture from the western North Pacific across the Philippines and the SCS into central Vietnam. (3) The Truong Son Range also contributed to this event due to its barrier effect. (4) In addition to a cumulonimbus, the low-level precipitating clouds such as nimbostratus clouds were also major contributors to rainfall accumulation for the whole event. The Cloud-Resolving Storm Simulator (CReSS) was employed to simulate this record-breaking event at high resolution, and the overall rainfall can be captured quite well not only in quantity but also in its spatial distribution (with a Fractions Skill Score ≈ 0.7 and Threat Score > 0 at 700 mm for 72 h rainfall). Thus, the CReSS model is shown to be a useful tool for both research and forecasts of heavy rainfall in Vietnam. The model performed better for the rainfall during 9–10 but not as good on 11 December. In the sensitivity test without the terrain, the model did not generate nearly as much rainfall for this event. Thus, the test confirms the important role played by the local topography for the occurrence of this event.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN E-FILLING, TINGKAT PEMAHAMAN PERPAJAKAN DAN KESADARAN WAJIB PAJAK TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI
Authors: Danan Nugroho
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan menguji dan menganalisis apakah pengaruh 1 penerapan sistem e-filling, 2.tingkat pemahaman perpajakan 3.kesadaran wajib pajak pada kepatuhan wajib pajak orang pribadi. Di penelitian ini sebanyak 100 sampel wajib pajak orang pribadi. Teknik penelitian ini adalah probability sampling yang berarti memberikan peluang bagi setiap anggota populasi. Hasil dalam penelitian ini yang dimana pengaruh penerapan sistem e-filling, tingkat pemahaman perpajakan, dan kesadaran wajib pajak memiliki pengaruh terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak.
Paddy straw management: A potential approach to a sustainable agriculture
Authors: Rani Kirty
Published: May 2022

Paddy straw is the vegetative part of rice plant which is left behind after harvesting the grains. It is the most abundant lignocellulosic waste material amounting to 731 million tons/year. Management of paddy straw remains a challenge in Asia where more rice is grown each year to meet rising hunger demands. The widespread burning of paddy straw in the open air is a major factor causing air pollution that is associated with a number of health issues. Researchers, engineers, and entrepreneurs are developing a range of possible solutions that turn paddy straw into a commodity with the help of which sustainable value chains can be built to benefit the environment. This waste to wealth approach can prove beneficial in the coming time. This review paper presents an overview of some efficient paddy straw management practices for the benefit of mankind and sustainable agriculture.
Homa therapy
Authors: Khurana Niharika
Published: May 2022

The world is going through numerous climatic, economic, and environmental changes and agriculture is facing a major crisis due to the processes of modernization. Food produced is heavily loaded with pesticides, hormones, and different chemicals which can be very toxic to both human beings and nature. There is a need to revisit our traditional methods and practices in search of alternatives that are sustainable. One such traditional practice in India, prevalent since the Vedic era is ‗Homa Therapy‘. Homa therapy has two aspects- it is a technique that rejuvenates the land with the use of yajñas in practical life, and also has a therapeutic value by eradicating toxic substances from the environment. This technique purifies the air, eradicating harmful bacteria present in the atmosphere and the ashes contain medicinal properties. This brief report on indigenous practices describes Homa Therapy, a practice that originated in India and is now practiced worldwide, that can contribute to sustainable agriculture.
The role of the united nations in prohibiting the use of nuclear weapons
Authors:   Academy of Public Administration, Republic of Moldova, Balan Oleg , Manciu Liana-Alina ,   Moldova State University
Published: May 2022

The year 2021 has gone down in the history of international relations and in the history of international law as the year in which mankind took the major step towards prohibiting nuclear weapons as the most dangerous weapon ever invented by human beings. This huge step for the whole of humanity was preceded by 75 years of long discussions, numerous international events that occasioned them and in which almost all the international actors participated. The major success achieved is overshadowed by the ignorance shown by the nuclear powers in the process of drafting, adopting and ratifying of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. In this research we aim to analyse the contribution of the United Nations to control and prohibition of nuclear weapons by highlighting the role of principal bodies in the field, activities that culminated with the adoption on July 7, 2017 of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons - the first mandatory instrument of law forcing States to abandon the use of nuclear weapons.
Rules of qualification of the complex single offence
Authors:   Moldova State University, Prisacari Vadim
Published: May 2022

In this scientific approach are identified rules for the qualification of the complex single offence. In essence, the content of the complex crime includes at least one other criminal act that dissolves into the amalgam of the newly created crime. The elimination of the attached or absorbed offence declines the qualification of those committed according to the norm that incriminates the complex offence. In the case of a complex offence, the criminal acts absorbed / reunited lose their individuality, and cannot be retained in the qualification. The qualification of those committed, according to the rules of the multiple offences (according to the norm that includes the complex crime, but also according to the norm that contains the absorbed crime) is contrary (i) to the rule of qualification in the case of competition between a part and a whole, and, implicitly, (ii) to the principle of exact qualification as a subspecies of the principle of legality of incrimination, from the perspective of performing an overqualification. The qualification of a complex offence must be made according to the norm that includes the complex offence, but not according to the norms that form the complex offence.
Conditions for suspension of forced execution Procedure
Authors:   Moldova State University, Stratulat Gheorghe
Published: May 2022

The suspension of enforcement proceedings means temporarily halting enforcement actions until the grounds for suspension laid down by law and indicated in the document of suspension have ceased. The jurisdiction to suspend the enforcement proceedings lies with the bailiff under Article 78 EC (mandatory suspension) and with the court for the grounds laid down in Article 79 EC (facultative suspension). The appearance of the circumstances listed by law establishes the unconditional obligation of the bailiff to suspend the enforcement procedure. The question of suspension is dealt with by the bailiff of his own initiative or on request, by notifying the creditor and the debtor. The facultative suspension of enforcement proceedings is a right of the court. The decision of granting the request for suspension of enforcement proceedings prevents the enforcement proceedings from taking place until the circumstances for which it was issued have ceased to exist.
QUEM QUER A SUA MTV? CAMINHOS DE UMA NOVA EMISSORA NO BRASIL (1984-1990)
Authors: Oliveira Carlos Eduardo
Published: May 2022

This paper analyzes MTV's attempts to enter Brazil throughout the 1980s, during the historical context of democratic transition and the promulgation of the 1988 Federal Constitution. MTV Brazil started operating in 1990, through the business agreement between Grupo Abril and Viacom. It was the first segmented television channel in the country that was aimed at young audiences and broadcast on UHF. MTV’s particularity lies in the transmission on an open network and inserted in the context of renewal and freedom of Brazilian society, which structured narratives of political, social and cultural opening, having as a landmark the promulgation of the 1988 Federal Constitution. Thus, this article seeks to approximate the reasons why MTV's entry proposals did not take effect, in the agreements with TV Gazeta in 1985, and Rede Manchete in 1986, and the post-dictatorial process involved by ruptures and permanencies in the construction of democracy. The agreement between MTV and Grupo Abril was made possible due to the effectiveness of the Constitutional Charter, which guaranteed the end of the state censorship apparatus, and the new regulation of television concessions. The primary sources in this article is the newspapers Folha de São Paulo and Jornal do Brasil, with news reports that dealt with these issues. Establishing dialogues with Renato Ortiz and Marcos Napolitano, in order to understand the Brazilian process of cultural modernization and the political paths in the 1980s, and, also, with Reinhart Koselleck to analyze the Futures Past that involved MTV.