bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Podejście projektowe do studiowania – identyfikacja i analiza potrzeb interesariuszy oraz rekomendacje dla uczelni w Polsce
Authors: Weinert Adam , Banaś Robert
Published: August 2023

Artykuł stanowi kontynuację rozważań nad zagadnieniem podejścia projektowego w zakresie procesu kształcenia na uczelniach wyższych w Polsce. Podjęto w nim próbę identyfikacji i analizy potrzeb interesariuszy, w tym studentów, nauczycieli akademickich oraz członków uczelnianych organizacji studenckich. W tym celu wyodrębniono: najważniejsze problemy, bariery i trudności wpływające na studentów i ich zaawansowanie w myśleniu projektowym; poziom jakości kształcenia na polskich uczelniach; poziom orientacji studentów na projekty; poziom przedsiębiorczości wśród studentów, absolwentów szkół średnich i zawodowych; ofertę edukacyjną polskich uczelni w zakresie podejścia projektowego; wpływ pandemii COVID-19 na szkolnictwo wyższe. Przeprowadzone badania pozwoliły określić potrzeby interesariuszy w zakresie rozważań nad autorską koncepcją wprowadzoną we wcześniejszym artykule [Radoła i in., 2021]. Na podstawie wniosków z wywiadów wskazano implikacje do dalszych prac badawczych w ujęciu ilościowym i opracowania założeń innowacji odpowiadającej na zidentyfikowane luki.
Zaufanie jako niezbędny element funkcjonowania organizacji
Authors: Schwabe Marta
Published: August 2023

Zaufanie było i jest przedmiotem licznych badań w dziedzinie zarządzania. Jest ono wskazywane jako wartość i istotny czynnik sukcesu organizacji. Obecnie, ze względu na dynamiczne zmiany zachodzące w otoczeniu biznesowym oraz sposobie realizacji zadań przez organizacje (np. praca zdalna, nowe elastyczne formy zatrudniania czy rosnące znaczenie technologii), zaufanie zyskuje na znaczeniu w kontekście efektywności prowadzenia działalności.

Celem niniejszego opracowania jest wskazanie różnic definicyjnych odnoszących się do pojęcia za[1]ufania oraz wyodrębnienie i usystematyzowanie czynników sprzyjających budowaniu zaufania w wymiarze inter- oraz intraorganizacyjnym. W toku analizy dokonano przeglądu dorobku teoretycznego oraz wybranych badań empirycznych odnoszących się do zaufania, zarówno w ramach sieci między[1]organizacyjnej (zaufanie interorganizacyjne), jak i w ramach poszczególnych organizacji (zaufanie intraorganizacyjne).

W artykule wykazano również zasadność dalszych badań nad zaufaniem w obszarach, które zyskują obecnie na znaczeniu, w szczególności takich jak zaufanie w ramach zespołów wirtualnych oraz zespołów zróżnicowanych kulturowo
Editorial
Authors: Camargo Sánchez Andrés , Vargas Rafael
Published: August 2023

La investigación es fundamental para el desarrollo y crecimiento científico, económico y cultural de los países y la comunicación científica cobra un papel relevante e irremplazable. La socialización de resultados científicos en comunicaciones cortas, más conocidas como artículos científicos o en el lenguaje de los investigadores “papers”, son el insumo para la discusión de resultados, mejoramiento de técnicas de laboratorio, análisis estadísticos cada vez más complejos y predictivos hasta el planteamiento de hipótesis y el desarrollo de marcos teóricos.
Hábitos alimentarios en estudiantes de enfermería de una universidad privada en la ciudad de Medellín
Authors: Bedoya Marín Brahian Alexander , Osorio Gallego Daniela , Pérez Villa Marjorie , Montoya Zapata Claudia Patricia
Published: August 2023

Introducción: La nutrición es la ingesta, absorción y utilización de alimentos de acuerdo con los requerimientos necesarios para un buen funcionamiento del organismo. Objetivo: Identificar los hábitos alimentarios en los estudiantes de la facultad de enfermería de una universidad privada en la ciudad de Medellín. Métodos: Estudio observacional. Se realizó análisis descriptivo de las características sociodemográficas, los hábitos alimentarios y de la percepción de los estudiantes sobre los factores que influyen en la alimentación. Resultados: El alimento que más se consume entre comidas corresponde a alimentos azucarados (39,1%) y frutas y verduras (20,1%), y el alimento que con más frecuencia se consume en la semana son las carnes (49,8%). El 71,8% de los estudiantes refiere que la ansiedad es un factor que influye en su alimentación. Conclusión: La alimentación en los estudiantes de enfermería se puede ver influenciada por múltiples factores, y estos marcarán en gran medida su salud a futuro.
ТВОРЧЕ САМОВИРАЖЕННЯ МУЗИЧНО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНИХ ПРАЦІВНИКІВ В ЗАКЛАДАХ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ КНР ЗАСОБАМИ ЕСТРАДНОЇ МУЗИКИ
Authors: Потапчук Тетяна , Сверлюк Ярослав , Сверлюк Лілія
Published: August 2023

У статті розкрито творче самовираження музично-педагогічних працівників в закладах вищої освіти КНР засобами естрадної музики. Акцентовано увагу на ролі естрадної музики як засобу для вираження творчих потенціалів музичних педагогів, які працюють у вищих навчальних закладах КНР. Проаналізовано важливі аспекти творчого самовираження, такі як вибір репертуару, аранжування музичних композицій, інтерпретація та інновації у виконавській практиці, роль творчого самовираження в музично-педагогічній діяльності, визначення загальнокультурних компетенцій, оцінка підходів до навчання, розробка програм і методик. Це може включати розробку інноваційних навчальних матеріалів, використання інтерактивних технологій, організацію творчих майстерень, створення спеціалізованих курсів або семінарів, спрямованих на розвиток творчих здібностей та самовираження студентів. Також визначено значення творчого самовираження у процесі підготовки музично-педагогічних працівників та виявлено наявні проблеми і недоліки, що ускладнюють цей процес. Вказано на необхідність розробки нових підходів, програм та методик, які б допомогли ефективно формувати готовність до творчого самовираження у студентів, які навчаються у музично-педагогічних закладах вищої освіти КНР, що може включати розвиток творчих навичок, використання інноваційних підходів до навчання та організації творчих проєктів. Наголошено на важливості такого формування готовності до творчого самовираження, оскільки воно сприяє розвитку творчої особистості студентів і готовить їх до майбутньої професійної діяльності у музично-педагогічній сфері. Розкрито значення естрадної музики як засобу для творчого розвитку музично-педагогічних працівників, сприяючи їхньому самовираженню і самореалізації. Дослідження базується на використанні теоретичних методів дослідження та має практичне значення для музично-педагогічних працівників, студентів музичних факультетів, а також для тих, хто зацікавлений у вдосконаленні підходів до підготовки музично-педагогічних працівників у Китаї та які бажають розширити свої знання про естрадну музику як засіб творчого самовираження.
Impaired T-cell response to mRNA vaccination heralds risk of COVID-19 in long-term allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation survivors
Authors: Einarsdottir Sigrun , Waldenström Jesper , Törnell Andreas , Ringlander Johan , Stenbäck Joakim B. , Malmström Sebastian , Hellstrand Kristoffer , Martner Anna , Lagging Martin
Published: August 2023

Not available.
Is it time for age and clinical adjusted miminal residual disease in acute myeloid leukemia?
Authors: Ofran Yishai
Published: August 2023

Not available.
Composición corporal en escolares de instituciones educativas públicas de Ecuador
Authors: Cedeño Vivas María Janina , Guamán Espinoza Shirley Bethzabe , Toala Briones Olga Noemí , Salmon Salmon Ariana Valeria
Published: August 2023

Introducción: La malnutrición infantil constituye un problema de salud alarmante, debido a sus consecuencias graves en la vida de los infantes, por lo que es indispensable vigilar el estado nutricional. Objetivo: valorar la composición corporal en escolares de Instituciones Educativas Públicas Ecuatorianas. Metodología:  se realizó una investigación descriptiva, transversal en 1372 escolares. Se empleó el pliegue del tríceps y circunferencia del brazo para identificar la composición corporal y las fórmulas de Frisancho (1990) para la interpretación de los resultados. Resultados: en el área muscular del brazo el 29 % de los infantes masculinos tuvieron una musculatura reducida en relación con el 21 % del sexo femenino; el área grasa del brazo del sexo masculino fue mayor en un 39 % mientras el sexo femenino tuvo un 36 %. Conclusión: La mayoría de los escolares presentaron una reserva proteica muy baja, en contraste con reserva calórica normal siendo el resultado más representativo en los varones, condición que se asocia a un probable estado de desnutrición en los sujetos; sin embargo, se debe considerar en próximos estudios la asociación de las variables antropométricas analizadas con otros factores, para obtener resultados definitorios respecto a la composición corporal y situación de riesgo nutricional. Área de estudio general: Nutrición y Dietética. Área de estudio específica: Evaluación del Estado Nutricional. Tipo de estudio:  Artículo original.
Estrategias de diseño para el control solar en edificios escolares en un clima cálido húmedo - caso estudio nivel de bachillerato de la ciudad de Macas – Ecuador
Authors: Lalvay Mejía Fabián Patricio , Romo Zamudio Carlos Eduardo
Published: August 2023

Introducción. En varios casos, en el Ecuador, la arquitectura educativa, se basa en lineamientos establecidos hace ya varios años, los mismos que no van de acuerdo con las tendencias actuales o no toman en cuenta factores determinantes para lograr el confort térmico del usuario, se ha desestimado temas como el clima, cultura y la pedagogía apropiada por edades. El mismo concepto se repite en instituciones públicas y privadas alrededor del país, optimizando el tiempo de construcción y disminuyendo costos, provocando que las deficiencias de diseño sostenible como orientación, usos de aislamientos térmicos o dispositivos de asoleamiento, son un factor común.  Objetivo. Proponer estrategias de arquitectura pasiva en respuesta a un factor de soleamiento y sensación térmica desfavorables, estrategias que se puedan aplicar en el diseño de nuevos proyectos educativos o en renovar los ya existentes. Metodología. Se ha realizó encuestas bajo el método de Fanger para determinar las condiciones térmicas y de soleamiento en las que se desarrolla la actividad educativa del nivel de bachillerato en ciertas instituciones educativas en la ciudad de Macas. Resultados. Las condiciones físicas y arquitectónicas de algunos establecimientos no contribuyen a lograr un ambiente que cuente con un factor muy importante como es el confort térmico, un término que relaciona las propiedades de variables como calidad del aire, condiciones de humedad, asoleamiento, entre otros. Se establecen también las condiciones climáticas particulares de la ciudad del caso de estudio como temperatura, incidencia del viento y del sol, regularidad, índices e incidencia de las lluvias, entre otros factores.  Conclusión. Es necesario determinar estrategias pasivas para el control solar en los establecimientos educativos de bachillerato de la Ciudad de Macas, las mismas que se pueden aplicar en otras zonas de la misma región geográfica del país que cuenten con las mismas condiciones climáticas.  Área de estudio general: Arquitectura. Área de estudio específica: Construcción sustentable.
PEMANFAATAN GAS METHANE DALAM UPAYA PEMBERDAYAAN USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH DI KOTA BALIKPAPAN PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Abdurohim Abdurohim , Nugraha Jatmika Aji Cahya
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan, faktor penghambat dan pendukung, serta upaya untuk mengatasi hambatan pada Program Pemberdayaan Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan induktif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui hasil Observasi, Wawancara, dan Dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pelaksanaan Program Pemberdayaan Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah di Kampung Waste to Energy (WtE) Methane Manggar sudah berjalan dengan cukup baik, namun masih terdapat beberapa kendala dalam pemasaran produk dan modal produksi pelaku UMKM. Dampak dari Pandemi Covid-19 merupakan faktor penghambat yang menyebabkan penurunan jumlah pengunjung ke Eduwisata TPA Sampah Manggar, anggaran yang terbatas juga mempengaruhi penyebaran gas methane menjadi terhambat, serta tidak adanya wadah pinjaman modal usaha dalam pengembangan UMKM. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan mempererat hubungan dengan pihak ketiga seperti Pertamina Hulu Mahakam dan mengajak seluruh elemen masyarakat bersama TPA Sampah Manggar untuk terus memotivasi pelaku usaha dan memaksimalkan penyebaran gas methane.

 

Kata Kunci: Pemanfaatan Gas Methane, Pemberdayaan Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah, Pemberdayaan Masyarakat.
Product and Service Quality to Inflict Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty of Bank Sahabat Sampoerna Kelapa Gading Branch
Authors: Simamora Valentine Theresia , Basudani Wahid Akbar
Published: August 2023

Post-pandemic economic growth is a focus for the government where one of the steps taken is a policy related to bank interest rates to stimulate the growth of corporate and small medium enterprise loans. One of the banks that has a focus on providing corporate and small medium enterprise loans is Bank Sahabat Sampoerna. Tight competition in the banking world in helping efforts to grow the economy has triggered Bank Sahabat Samporna to provide the best quality products and services to its customers so that these customers receive satisfaction which then become loyal customers. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an influence of product and service quality on customer satisfaction and loyalty at Bank Sabahat Sampoerna Kelapa Gading Branch. Smart-PLS is used to implement the SEM method in this study. In this study, 100 customers who used credit services were sampled using the accidental sampling method, which falls under the category of non-probability sampling.The endogenous variables Customer Loyalty (Z) and Customer Satisfaction (Y) were found to be 0.417 and 0.433, respectively, in this study. This demonstrates that the endogenous inert variable Customer Satisfaction (Y) is weakly affected by 0.433 by the exogenous factors Product Quality (X1) and Service Quality (X2). In the interim, the endogenous dormant variable Customer Loyalty (Z) is weakly impacted by 0.417 by the exogenous variable Product Quality (X1) and Service Quality (X2) through the intervening variable Customer Satisfaction (Y).
PENGARUH PROSES BELAJAR MENGAJAR DAN LINGKUNGAN DI KELAS TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA JURUSAN ADMINISTRASI NIAGA POLITEKNIK NEGERI MALANG
Authors: Masreviastuti
Published: August 2023

Pendidikan adalah salah satu faktor yang sangat besar peranannya bagi kehidupan bangsa karena pendidikan dapat mendorong dan menentukan maju mundurnya proses pembangunan bangsa dalam segala bidang. Lingkungan belajar bagi mahasiswa diharapkan akan menimbulkan semangat untuk belajar dan akan menghasilkan prestasi yang baik yang pada akhirnya akan menjadi lulusan yang berkwalitas. Prsetasi belajar yang dicapai oleh seorang mahasiswa merupakan hasil interaksi antara berbagai faktor yang mempengaruhinya baik dari diri mahasiswa maupun dari luar mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh proses belajar mengajar dan liungkungan belajar di kelas terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa. Agar memperoleh gambaran yang menyeluruh, maka obyek penelitiannya adalah seluruh mahasiswa tingkat satu D3 dan tingkat satu D4/pemasaran Jurusan administrasi Bisnis Politeknik Negeri Malang. Sehingga hasilnya diharapkan dapat dijadikan masukan terkait dengan proses belajar mengajar dan lingkungan belajar di kelas terhadap prestasi belajar pada mahasiswa.
ANALISIS LEVEL PENERAPAN STANDAR PROFESIONAL MARKETING (KOMPETENSI TEKNIS) PADA PRATIK IT APPLICATION MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI MANAJEMEN MARKETING
Authors: Dwi Pribadi Joni , Waris Abdul , Gati Anjari Becik
Published: August 2023

Level Kompetensi marketing dinilai dari dua variabel yaitu tingkat wawasan dan keterampilan praktik berdasarkan professional marketing standard. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa pada tingkat wawasan terdapat 2 indikator yang memiliki nilai sangat baik yaitu brand sebesar (84%) dan integrated marketing communication sebesar (82%) sedangkan variabel yang ter rendah yaitu sebesar (66%). Untuk variabel keterampilan praktik indikator yang bernilai sangat baik adalah brand (86%), partnership dan digital integration (82%) sedangkan nilai paling rendah yaitu product management sebesar (62%). Jadi dapat disimpulkan level kompetensi teknis mahasiswa D4 manajemen pemasaran pada matakuliah IT application berdasarkan dari keseluruhan indikator wawasan ilmu marketing berada pada level mastery sedangkan keterampilan dalam penerapan ilmu marketing mahasiswa berada pada level regular. Namun masih dibutuhkan perbaikan kurikulum yang runtut dan konsisten sehingga mahasiswa mampu memetakan runtutan ilmu yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai kompetensi yang diharapkan.
Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity of natural products in periodontal disease: a comprehensive review
Authors: López-Valverde Nansi , López-Valverde Antonio , Montero Javier , Rodríguez Cinthia , Macedo de Sousa Bruno , Aragoneses Juan Manuel
Published: August 2023

Periodontal diseases (PD) are common chronic inflammatory oral pathologies that are strongly linked to others not found in the mouth cavity. The immune system mediates the host response, which includes the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, metalloproteinases, and reactive oxygen species (ROS); the latter may play an important role in the establishment and progression of inflammatory diseases, particularly periodontal disease, via the development of oxidative stress (OS). Natural antioxidants have powerful anti-inflammatory properties, and some can reduce serum levels of key PD indicators such tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin IL-1. This review compiles, through a thorough literature analysis, the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects of a variety of natural products, as well as their therapeutic potential in the treatment of PD.
Exploring the potential of propanamide-sulfonamide based drug conjugates as dual inhibitors of urease and cyclooxygenase-2: biological and their in silico studies
Authors: Ahmad Saghir , Abdul Qadir Muhammad , Ahmed Mahmood , Imran Muhammad , Yousaf Numan , Wani Tanveer A. , Zargar Seema , Ali Ijaz , Muddassar Muhammad
Published: August 2023

Derivative synthesis has been a crucial method for altering the effects of already-approved medications, especially to lessen adverse effects and enhance results. Making use of this multi-target approach, a series of naproxen-sulfa drug conjugates was designed and synthesized. The newly designed conjugates were confirmed by spectroscopic techniques like IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, and elemental analysis. The conjugates were screened for anti-inflammatory, urease, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibition. Naproxen conjugated with sulfanilamide, sulfathiazole, and sulfaguanidine was found potent and showed a competitive mode of urease inhibition, with IC50 (µM) values 6.69 ± 0.11, 5.82 ± 0.28, 5.06 ± 0.29, respectively. When compared to other screened conjugates, the naproxen-sulfamethoxazole conjugation showed better anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting induced edema by 82.8%, which is comparable to the medication indomethacin (86.8% inhibition). Whereas it exhibited 75.4% inhibition of COX-2 at 10 µM concentration which is comparable with the reference drug (celecoxib, 77.1% inhibition). Moreover, the binding modes of competitive inhibitors with the urease and COX-2 receptor were predicted through molecular docking studies and their stability analysis through MD simulations showed that these compounds made stable complexes with the respective targets and there were no conformational changes that occurred during simulation. The obtained results showed that the conjugates of approved therapeutic molecules may lead to the development of novel types of pharmacological agents in the treatment of several pathological disorders where urease and COX-2 enzymes are involved.
The application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in pathogen diagnosis: a bibliometric analysis based on Web of Science
Authors: He Sike , Wei Jingwen , Feng Jiaming , Liu Dan , Wang Neng , Chen Liyu , Xiong Ying
Published: August 2023

Background

Infectious disease is a large burden on public health globally. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has become popular as a new tool for pathogen diagnosis with numerous advantages compared to conventional methods. Recently, research on mNGS increases yearly. However, no bibliometric analysis has systematically presented the full spectrum of this research field. Therefore, we reviewed all the publications associated with this topic and performed this study to analyze the comprehensive status and future hotspots of mNGS for infectious disease diagnosis.

Methods

The literature was searched in the Web of Science Core Collection and screened without year or language restrictions, and the characteristics of the studies were also identified. The outcomes included publication years, study types, journals, countries, authorship, institutions, frontiers, and hotspots with trends. Statistical analysis and visualization were conducted using VOSviewer (version 1.6.16) and CiteSpace (version 6.1. R3).

Results

In total, 325 studies were included in the analysis after screening. Studies were published between 2009 and 2022 with a significantly increasing number from 1 to 118. Most of the studies were original articles and case reports. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology and Clinical Infectious Disease were the most commonly cited and co-cited journals. Institutions and researchers from China contributed the most to this field, followed by those from the USA. The hotspots and frontiers of these studies are pneumonia, tuberculosis, and central nervous system infections.

Conclusion

This study determined that mNGS is a hot topic in the diagnosis of infectious diseases with development trends and provides insights into researchers, institutions, hotspots and frontiers in mNGS, which can offer references to related researchers and future research.
Molecular and cellular mechanisms of inflammation in atherosclerosis
Authors: Popa-Fotea Nicoleta-Monica , Ferdoschi Corina-Elena , Micheu Miruna-Mihaela
Published: August 2023

Atherosclerosis and its complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide in spite of the improved medical and invasive treatment in terms of revascularization. Atherosclerosis is a dynamic, multi-step process in which inflammation is a ubiquitous component participating in the initiation, development, and entanglements of the atherosclerotic plaque. After activation, the immune system, either native or acquired, is part of the atherosclerotic dynamics enhancing the pro-atherogenic function of immune or non-immune cells, such as endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, or platelets, through mediators such as cytokines or directly by cell-to-cell interaction. Cytokines are molecules secreted by the activated cells mentioned above that mediate the inflammatory component of atherosclerosis whose function is to stimulate the immune cells and the production of further cytokines. This review provides insights of the cell axis activation and specific mechanisms and pathways through which inflammation actuates atherosclerosis.
Multi-station volcano tectonic earthquake monitoring based on transfer learning
Authors: Titos Manuel , Gutiérrez Ligdamis , Benítez Carmen , Rey Devesa Pablo , Koulakov Ivan , Ibáñez Jesús M.
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Developing reliable seismic catalogs for volcanoes is essential for investigating underlying volcanic structures. However, owing to the complexity and heterogeneity of volcanic environments, seismic signals are strongly affected by seismic attenuation, which modifies the seismic waveforms and their spectral content observed at different seismic stations. As a consequence, the ability to properly discriminate incoming information is compromised. To address this issue, multi-station operational frameworks that allow unequivocal real-time management of large volumes of volcano seismic data are needed.

Methods: In this study, we developed a multi-station volcano tectonic earthquake monitoring approach based on transfer learning techniques. We applied two machine learning systems—a recurrent neural network based on long short-term memory cells (RNN–LSTM) and a temporal convolutional network (TCN)—both trained with a master dataset and catalogue belonging to Deception Island volcano (Antarctica), as blind-recognizers to a new volcanic environment (Mount Bezymianny, Kamchatka; 6 months of data collected from June to December 2017, including periods of quiescence and eruption).

Results and discussion: When the systems were re-trained under a multi correlation-based approach (i.e., only seismic traces detected at the same time at different seismic stations were selected), the performances of the systems improved substantially. We found that the RNN-based system offered the most reliable recognition by excluding low confidence detections for seismic traces (i.e., those that were only partially similar to those of the baseline). In contrast, the TCN-based network was capable of detecting a greater number of events; however, many of those events were only partially similar to the master events of the baseline. Together, these two approaches offer complementary tools for volcano monitoring. Moreover, we found that our approach had a number of advantages over the classical short time average over long time-average (STA/LTA) algorithm. In particular, the systems automatically detect VTs in a seismic trace without searching for optimal parameter settings, which makes it a portable, scalable, and economical tool with relatively low computational cost. Moreover, besides obtaining a preliminary seismic catalog, it offers information on the confidence of the detected events. Finally, our approach provides a useful tentative label for subsequent analysis carried out by a human operator. Ultimately, this study contributes a new framework for rapid and easy volcano monitoring based on temporal changes in monitored seismic signals.
Easterly wave activity in the Intra Americas Seas region analyzed with vertically integrated moisture fluxes
Authors: Pazos Marni , Magaña Víctor , Herrera Eduardo
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Easterly waves (EWs) are a dominant atmospheric phenomenon in the tropics. EWs in Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean region produce intense precipitation and significantly contribute to the summer rainy season, but some climatologies indicate their activity is weak or even null over the Intra-Americas Seas (IAS). As it is shown in the present study, EW activity over the IAS is not negligible but its variability is less than that off the western coast of Africa.

Method: Given the well-known coupling of wind and atmospheric moisture in EWs, their characteristics may be described using vertically integrated moisture fluxes (VIMF) and their divergence. By means of Hovmöller diagrams, lagged correlations and composite analyses, the propagation and the meteorological effects of these waves across the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico, particularly on moisture and rains, are examined.

Results: It is observed that as EWs propagate, the VIMF convergence increases the level of precipitable water which frequently results in intense precipitation events. High frequency variability of the meridional component of the VIMF is used to estimate EW activity. Over the Caribbean Sea, EWs are less energetic than in the eastern tropical Atlantic even while the number of waves over these regions is comparable.

Discussion: When the Caribbean Low-Level Jet (CLLJ) is strong, EW activity tends to diminish due to a decrease in precipitable water (PW), sea surface temperature (SST) over the Caribbean, and possibly to an intensified vertical wind shear. Therefore, years of a stronger than normal CLLJ tend to result in summer precipitation below normal over most of the IAS and southern Mexico.
The rise of bronze in Central Asia: new evidence for the origin of Bronze Age tin and copper from multi-analytical research
Authors: Berger Daniel , Kaniuth Kai , Boroffka Nikolaus , Brügmann Gerhard , Kraus Steffen , Lutz Joachim , Teufer Mike , Wittke Andreas , Pernicka Ernst
Published: August 2023

The Bronze Age in Central Asia was dominated by the Andronovo Culture and the Bactria-Margiana Archaeological Complex (BMAC). Both cultural entities produced bronze, however, the extent of bronze production and use varied considerably in space and time across their territories. The introduction and spread of bronze metallurgy in the region is commonly associated with the Andronovo Culture, but comparatively little is known about the copper and tin sources that were exploited to make the bronze. To shed light on this aspect, this paper examines 91 bronze artefacts from the Middle Bronze Age (MBA) and the Late Bronze Age (LBA) recovered from twenty sites of Andronovo and the BMAC through a combined evaluation of chemical and isotopic analyses. Trace element patterns and isotopic compositions of lead, tin, and copper are determined for the objects complemented by tin isotope analysis of Central Asian tin ores. The data shows a clear separation of two source areas in the MBA and LBA I: the BMAC obtained copper from polymetallic (tin-bearing) deposits in Iran (Deh Hosein, Nakhlak/Bagh Gorogh) and possibly Afghanistan, while the Andronovo Culture mainly used copper from the Tian Shan Mountains. With the transition to the LBA II, a change in the material basis can be recognised, in which the BMAC increasingly relied on metal deposits from the Andronovo territory. The most important result in this context is the analytical proof of the coextraction of copper and tin from the copper-tin mine at Mushiston, Tajikistan, and the first direct link of tin in bronze objects with a tin deposit. Mushiston apparently supplied both cultural macro regions with a “natural” bronze, which accounted for about one third of all objects analysed, but there is no indication yet that metal or ores from Mushiston were traded or used at a distance of more than 500 km. Moreover, the artefact data indicates a decline in the exploitation of the mine in the course of the developed LBA, while other copper and tin sources in the Tian Shan and probably the Hindukush were exploited. This testifies to the intensive use of the rich mineral resources of Central Asia and beyond, as well as the intensification of cultural and trade contacts between Andronovo and the BMAC.
Study on the consolidation behavior of horizontal drainage foundation under complex aquifer formation conditions in karst regions
Authors: Xu Yunbo , Zhang Jiachao , Liu Zhongyu , Cui Penglu
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The consolidation behavior of horizontal drainage foundation under complex aquifer conditions in karst areas is a hot topic in the field of geotechnical engineering.

Methods: This paper presents a modified piecewise-linear model for plane-strain consolidation. In this model, the distributed drainage boundary was used to describe the drainage performance of soil layer boundaries, and the UH model considering the time effect was selected to reflect soil’s rheological property. Through comparison with existing research, the validity of the calculation model in this paper was verified. Then several examples were used to analyze the consolidation behavior of the foundation under the combined action of rheological effect and distributed drainage boundaries.

Results and discussion: Numerical studies show that the phenomenon of the increase of excess pore pressure exists in the foundation of the distributed drainage boundary after considering the rheology in the early stage of consolidation. Moreover, the larger the secondary consolidation coefficient and the initial over-consolidation parameter, or the smaller the pave rate and the thickness-width ratio, the above phenomenon is more obvious. In terms of the dissipation of the pore water pressure, the larger the secondary consolidation coefficient and the initial over-consolidation parameter, the slower the pore pressure dissipation, and the smaller the pave rate or the thickness-width ratio can achieve the above effects. In terms of the impact on settlement, the above-mentioned parameters are consistent, that is, the larger the corresponding parameter, the larger the corresponding settlement value.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on online learning in higher education: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Aristovnik Aleksander , Karampelas Konstantinos , Umek Lan , Ravšelj Dejan
Published: August 2023

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted higher education by forcing the transition to online learning, which became a mandatory teaching process during the lockdowns. Although the epidemiological situation has gradually improved since then, online learning is becoming ever more popular as it provides new learning opportunities. Therefore, the paper aims to present recent research trends concerning online learning in higher education during the COVID-19 pandemic by using selected bibliometric approaches. The bibliometric analysis is based on 8,303 documents from the Scopus database published between January 2020 and March 2022, when repeated lockdowns meant most countries were experiencing constant disruptions to the educational process. The results show that the COVID-19 pandemic increased interest in online learning research, notably in English-speaking and Asian countries, with most research being published in open-access scientific journals. Moreover, the topics most frequently discussed in the online learning research during the COVID-19 pandemic were ICT and pedagogy, technology-enhanced education, mental health and well-being, student experience and curriculum and professional development. Finally, the COVID-19 pandemic encouraged explorations of emergency remote learning approaches like e-learning, distance learning and virtual learning, which are intended to limit physical contact between teachers and students, where the specific requirements of a given field of study often guide which online learning approach is the most suitable. The findings add to the existing body of scientific knowledge and support the evidence-based policymaking needed to ensure sustainable higher education in the future.
Identifying cancer-associated leukocyte profiles using high-resolution flow cytometry screening and machine learning
Authors: Simon Davis David A. , Ritchie Melissa , Hammill Dillon , Garrett Jessica , Slater Robert O. , Otoo Naomi , Orlov Anna , Gosling Katharine , Price Jason , Yip Desmond , Jung Kylie , Syed Farhan M. , Atmosukarto Ines I. , Quah Ben J. C.
Published: August 2023

Background

Machine learning (ML) is a valuable tool with the potential to aid clinical decision making. Adoption of ML to this end requires data that reliably correlates with the clinical outcome of interest; the advantage of ML is that it can model these correlations from complex multiparameter data sets that can be difficult to interpret conventionally. While currently available clinical data can be used in ML for this purpose, there exists the potential to discover new “biomarkers” that will enhance the effectiveness of ML in clinical decision making. Since the interaction of the immune system and cancer is a hallmark of tumor establishment and progression, one potential area for cancer biomarker discovery is through the investigation of cancer-related immune cell signatures. Hence, we hypothesize that blood immune cell signatures can act as a biomarker for cancer progression.

Methods

To probe this, we have developed and tested a multiparameter cell-surface marker screening pipeline, using flow cytometry to obtain high-resolution systemic leukocyte population profiles that correlate with detection and characterization of several cancers in murine syngeneic tumor models.

Results

We discovered a signature of several blood leukocyte subsets, the most notable of which were monocyte subsets, that could be used to train CATboost ML models to predict the presence and type of cancer present in the animals.

Conclusions

Our findings highlight the potential utility of a screening approach to identify robust leukocyte biomarkers for cancer detection and characterization. This pipeline can easily be adapted to screen for cancer specific leukocyte markers from the blood of cancer patient.
Neoadjuvant SBRT combined with immunotherapy in NSCLC: from mechanisms to therapy
Authors: Shi Yanhong , Ma Xiaoyan , He Dan , Dong Bingwei , Qiao Tianyun
Published: August 2023

The utilisation of neoadjuvant immunotherapy has demonstrated promising preliminary clinical outcomes for early-stage resectable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nevertheless, it is imperative to develop novel neoadjuvant combination therapy regimens incorporating immunotherapy to further enhance the proportion of patients who derive benefit. Recent studies have revealed that stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) not only induces direct tumour cell death but also stimulates local and systemic antitumour immune responses. Numerous clinical trials have incorporated SBRT into immunotherapy for advanced NSCLC, revealing that this combination therapy effectively inhibits local tumour growth while simultaneously activating systemic antitumour immune responses. Consequently, the integration of SBRT with neoadjuvant immunotherapy has emerged as a promising strategy for treating resectable NSCLC, as it can enhance the systemic immune response to eradicate micrometastases and recurrent foci post-resection. This review aims to elucidate the potential mechanism of combination of SBRT and immunotherapy followed by surgery and identify optimal clinical treatment strategies. Initially, we delineate the interplay between SBRT and the local tumour immune microenvironment, as well as the systemic antitumour immune response. We subsequently introduce the preclinical foundation and preliminary clinical trials of neoadjuvant SBRT combined with immunotherapy for treating resectable NSCLC. Finally, we discussed the optimal dosage, schedule, and biomarkers for neoadjuvant combination therapy in its clinical application. In conclusion, the elucidation of potential mechanism of neoadjuvant SBRT combined immunotherapy not only offers a theoretical basis for ongoing clinical trials but also contributes to determining the most efficacious therapy scheme for future clinical application.
Case Report: A child with NFKB1 haploinsufficiency explaining the linkage between immunodeficiency and short stature
Authors: Ricci S. , Abu-Rumeileh S. , Campagna N. , Barbati F. , Stagi S. , Canessa C. , Lodi L. , Palterer B. , Maggi L. , Matucci A. , Vultaggio A. , Annunziato F. , Azzari C.
Published: August 2023

We report the case of a patient with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) presenting with short stature and treated with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH). Whole exome sequencing revealed a novel single-nucleotide duplication in the NFKB1 gene (c.904dup, p.Ser302fs), leading to a frameshift and thus causing NFKB1 haploinsufficiency. The variant was considered pathogenic and was later found in the patient’s mother, also affected by CVID. This is the first reported case of a patient with CVID due to NFKB1 mutation presenting with short stature. We analyzed the interconnection between NFKB1 and GH – IGF-1 pathways and we hypothesized a common ground for both CVID and short stature in our patient.
Phytochemical intervention for lymphatic filariasis and filarial lymphedema
Authors: Bonnah Rose , Ayisi Felix , Wireko Solomon , Kwarteng Alexander
Published: August 2023

Filarial lymphedema is a chronic pathophysiological condition initiated by parasitism by lymphatic filarial worms. Although the disease is not immediately fatal, it is a significant social and economic issue, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Given the ongoing need for effective therapeutic strategies for filarial lymphedema, several countries have turned to natural products and herbal interventions as promising source for developing anti-filarial agents to manage lymphatic filariasis (LF). This review aims to classify various plant molecules implicated in treating LF, with a focus on their anti-filarial properties. This information can be used to further investigate their efficacy in managing filarial lymphedema.
Alterations of microbiota and metabolites in the feces of calves with diarrhea associated with rotavirus and coronavirus infections
Authors: Cui Shengwei , Guo Shihui , Zhao Qingmei , Li Yong , Ma Yun , Yu Yongtao
Published: August 2023

The changes in the composition of intestinal microbiota and metabolites have been linked to digestive disorders in calves, especially neonatal calf diarrhea. Bovine rotavirus (BRV) and bovine coronavirus (BCoV) are known to be the primary culprits behind neonatal calf diarrhea. In this study, we analyzed changes in the fecal microbiota and metabolites of calves with neonatal diarrhea associated with BRV and BCoV infection using high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics technology. The microbial diversity in the feces of calves infected with BRV and BCoV with diarrhea decreased significantly, and the composition changed significantly. The significant increase of Fusobacterium and the reductions of some bacteria genera, including Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium, Ruminococcus, Subdoligranulum, Parabacteroides, Collinsella, and Olsenella, etc., were closely related to diarrhea associated with BRV and BCoV infection. Metabolites in the feces of BRV and BCoV-infected calves with diarrhea were significantly changed. Phosphatidylcholine [PC; 16:1(9 Z)/16:1(9 Z)], lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE; 0:0/22:0), lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC; P-16:0) and LysoPE (0:0/18:0) were significantly higher in the feces of BRV-infected calves with diarrhea. In contrast, some others, such as desthiobiotin, were significantly lower. BRV infection affects glycerophospholipid metabolism and biotin metabolism in calves. Two differential metabolites were significantly increased, and 67 differential metabolites were significantly reduced in the feces of BCoV-infected calves with diarrhea. Seven significantly reduced metabolites, including deoxythymidylic acid (DTMP), dihydrobiopterin, dihydroneopterin triphosphate, cortexolone, cortisol, pantetheine, and pregnenolone sulfate, were enriched in the folate biosynthesis, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, pyrimidine metabolism, and steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway. The decrease in these metabolites was closely associated with increased harmful bacteria and reduced commensal bacteria. The content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetic acid and propionic acid in the feces of BRV and BCoV-infected calves with diarrhea was lower than that of healthy calves, which was associated with the depletion of SCFAs-producing bacteria such as Parabacteroides, Fournierella, and Collinsella. The present study showed that BRV and BCoV infections changed the composition of the calf fecal microbiota and were associated with changes in fecal metabolites. This study lays the foundation for further revealing the roles of intestinal microbiota in neonatal calf diarrhea associated with BRV and BCoV infection.
The occurrence and molecular detection of mcr-1 and mcr-5 genes in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from poultry and poultry meats in Malaysia
Authors: Karim Md Rezaul , Zakaria Zunita , Hassan Latiffah , Faiz Nik Mohd , Ahmad Nur Indah
Published: August 2023

The advent of antimicrobials-resistant (AMR), including colistin-resistant bacteria, poses a significant challenge to animal and human health, food safety, socio-economic growth, and the global environment. This study aimed to ascertain the colistin resistance prevalence and molecular mechanisms of colistin resistance in Enterobacteriaceae. The colistin resistance was determined using broth microdilution assay, PCR; and Sanger sequencing of mcr genes responsible for colistin resistance in Enterobacteriaceae (n = 627), including Escherichia coli (436), Salmonella spp. (n = 140), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 51), obtained from chicken and chicken meats. Out of 627 Enterobacteriaceae, 8.6% of isolates exhibited colistin resistance phenotypically. Among these colistin resistant isolates, 9.3% (n = 37) were isolated from chicken meat, 7.2% (n = 11) from the cloacal swab of chicken and 7.9% (n = 6) from the litter samples. Overall, 12.96% of colistin-resistant isolates were positive with mcr genes, in which mcr-1 and mcr-5 genes were determined in 11.11% and 1.85% of colistin-resistant isolates, respectively. The E. coli isolates obtained from chicken meats, cloacal swabs and litter samples were found positive for mcr-1, and Salmonella spp. originated from the chicken meat sample was observed with mcr-5, whereas no mcr genes were observed in K. pneumoniae strains isolated from any of the collected samples. The other colistin resistance genes, including mcr-2, mcr-3, mcr-4, mcr-6, mcr-7, mcr-8, mcr-9, and mcr-10 were not detected in the studied samples. The mcr-1 and mcr-5 genes were sequenced and found to be 100% identical to the mcr-1 and mcr-5 gene sequences available in the NCBI database. This is the first report of colistin resistance mcr-5 gene in Malaysia which could portend the emergence of mcr-5 harboring bacterial strains for infection. Further studies are needed to characterize the mr-5 harbouring bacteria for the determination of plasmid associated with mcr-5 gene.
Insulin and the kidneys: a contemporary view on the molecular basis
Authors: Daza-Arnedo Rodrigo , Rico-Fontalvo Jorge , Aroca-Martínez Gustavo , Rodríguez-Yanez Tomás , Martínez-Ávila María Cristina , Almanza-Hurtado Amilkar , Cardona-Blanco María , Henao-Velásquez Carlos , Fernández-Franco Jorge , Unigarro-Palacios Mario , Osorio-Restrepo Carolina , Uparella-Gulfo Isabella
Published: August 2023

Insulin is a hormone that is composed of 51 amino acids and structurally organized as a hexamer comprising three heterodimers. Insulin is the central hormone involved in the control of glucose and lipid metabolism, aiding in processes such as body homeostasis and cell growth. Insulin is synthesized as a large preprohormone and has a leader sequence or signal peptide that appears to be responsible for transport to the endoplasmic reticulum membranes. The interaction of insulin with the kidneys is a dynamic and multicenter process, as it acts in multiple sites throughout the nephron. Insulin acts on a range of tissues, from the glomerulus to the renal tubule, by modulating different functions such as glomerular filtration, gluconeogenesis, natriuresis, glucose uptake, regulation of ion transport, and the prevention of apoptosis. On the other hand, there is sufficient evidence showing the insulin receptor’s involvement in renal functions and its responsibility for the regulation of glucose homeostasis, which enables us to understand its contribution to the insulin resistance phenomenon and its association with the progression of diabetic kidney disease.