bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Catalysis of glycerol acetylation on solid acid catalyst: a review
Authors: Hidayati Nur , Sari Rahmah Puspita , Purnama Herry
Published: February 2021

Biodiesel is a substitute fuel that is environmentally friendly, biodegradable, and sustainable. The need for biodiesel continues to increase. Biodiesel is made through the process of transesterification of triglycerides and alcohol. Glycerol is a side-effect of biodiesel products with a capacity of 10% of the total weight of its production. Glycerol is the simplest glyceride compound and has several functions as a primary ingredient in chemical production. Through acetylation, glycerol is converted to a material that has a higher sale value. Both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts are the acetylation approach to achieve the desired product, namely acetyl glycerol esters (mono-, di- and triacetin). However, in the process, the catalyst’s type and characteristics significantly affect the yield and conversion of the product and the deactivation or reusability of the catalyst, which can inhibit the catalyst’s utilization and effectiveness; therefore, it must be studied further. Besides, the parameters that affect the reaction will also be assessed.
Investigation on the capacity of the factors of the Clinical Dimensional Personality Inventory 2 for identifying people with substance dependence
Authors: Gonçalves André Pereira , Salvador Ana Paula , Carvalho Lucas de Francisco
Published: February 2021

The study aimed to verify the discriminant capacity of the factors of the Clinical Dimensional Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2) in the identification of people with substance dependence, as well as to compare this capacity with another instrument that evaluates pathological traits, the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5). The sample was composed of 253 adults distributed in three groups: community sample, represented by 110 individuals with ages between 20 and 66 years (M = 32.3; SD = 10,1), 71.8% women; subclinical, 119 individual aged from 18 to 63 (M = 30.4; SD = 8.34), 61.3% women; clinical, 24 individual with ages between 19 and 59 (M = 36,4; SD = 11.2), 83.3% men. Two scales for substance dependence identification were administered (AUDIT and ASSIST), IDCP-2, and PID-5. Findings indicated that IDCP-2 is capable of discriminating between groups, mainly the extreme ones (i.e., clinical sample versus community sample). Moreover, similar discriminant capacity between IDCP-2 and PID-5 was observed. These findings are preliminary evidence that the IDCP-2 factors can identify people with substance dependence, with Hopelessness being the leading factor in the assessment of substance dependents.
Significados y prácticas de consumo conspicuo asociados a la posesión de perros criollos o de raza
Authors: Ballén Molina Lorena , Pineda-Marin Claudia , Sandoval-Escobar Marithza , Padrón Mercado Claudia Mercedes
Published: February 2021

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar las representaciones sociales y las prácticas de consumo conspicuo en propietarios de perros en Colombia. Por tanto, se realizó un estudio mixto en una muestra de 96 hombres y mujeres mayores de 18 años, con, primero, una fase cualitativa en la que se exploraron las asociaciones dadas a las representaciones sociales de perros criollos y de raza por parte de propietarios de mascotas y se abordaron los significados atribuidos a las prácticas de consumo conspicuo; y, segundo, una fase cuantitativa en la que se hicieron análisis descriptivos, con lo cual se confirmó la estructura de las representaciones sociales. Como resultados se encontró que se reconoce a los perros criollos y de raza con alto valor afectivo, y que el perro criollo se asocia a condiciones de vulnerabilidad y se reconoce como perro “todo terreno”, mientras que el perro de raza involucra cuidado e inversión económica y se identifica como un perro “visible” en la sociedad. Al final se discute respecto a cómo las representaciones sociales acerca de la tenencia de un perro, además del valor afectivo, involucran actividades exhibitorias, de demostración social y, a su vez, un estatus social y moral.
Estrategias de afrontamiento, estrés percibido y bienestar psicológico en individuos con cefalea primaria
Authors: García Felipe E. , Catrilef María Alejandra , Fuentes Yohanna , Garabito Sandra , Aravena Valentina
Published: February 2021

El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar la asociación entre las estrategias de afrontamiento, el bienestar subjetivo y el estrés en personas con cefalea primaria - es decir, con dolor de cabeza sin origen orgánico. En total, participaron 150 personas adultas -135 mujeres y 15 hombres-diagnosticadas con cefalea primaria y episodios de cefalea en los últimos seis meses. Los instrumentos de medida utilizados fueron la Escala de satisfacción con la vida de Diener, la escala de estrategias de afrontamiento Brief Cope, la Escala de estrés percibido de Cohen, dos preguntas sobre la intensidad y frecuencia del dolor, y un cuestionario sociodemográfico. En general, se encontró que el bienestar subjetivo se relaciona positivamente con la planificación y negativamente con el uso de sustancias y la frecuencia del dolor; a la vez que el estrés percibido se asocia positivamente con negar la realidad del acontecimiento estresante, culpabilizarse por la situación ocurrida y la frecuencia del dolor, y negativamente con la aceptación de la situación estresante. Además, se observó un mayor estrés percibido en usuarios de atención pública de salud que en aquellos que son atendidos en el sistema privado. Este estudio permite identificar las estrategias que deben ser potenciadas o modificadas con ayuda del personal de salud para mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas con cefalea primaria.
Estrategias de autorregulación de la motivación de estudiantes universitarios y su relación con el ambiente de clase en asignaturas de matemáticas
Authors: Rojas Ospina Tatiana , Valencia Serrano Marcela
Published: February 2021

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivos identificar las estrategias de autorregulación de la motivación utilizadas por estudiantes universitarios en las asignaturas de matemáticas, así como examinar las relaciones entre sus creencias motivacionales y las estrategias de autorregulación de la motivación utilizadas, y explorar la relación entre las estrategias de autorregulación de la motivación y su percepción sobre aspectos del ambiente de clase. Para esto, se utilizó una muestra de 224 estudiantes universitarios, quienes completaron dos instrumentos de autoinforme para medir sus creencias motivacionales y sus estrategias de autorregulación de la motivación. Los resultados de un ANOVA de medidas repetidas revelaron que los estudiantes utilizaron en diferente grado las estrategias de autorregulación de la motivación (F(3.607, 804.343) = 96.188, p = .000, ηp 2 = 0.301); que las creencias motivacionales de orientación a metas de desempeño y orientación al aprendizaje-valor explicaron el 30 % de la varianza de la estrategia de regulación de metas de desempeño (F(2, 221) = 48.193, p = 0.000), así como el 29 % de la varianza de la regulación de valor de la tarea (F(2, 221) = 45.343, p = 0.000); y que hay relaciones plausibles entre las estrategias de autorregulación de la motivación utilizadas por los estudiantes y los aspectos del ambiente de clase como el nivel de promoción del aprendizaje significativo, el tipo de metas que se promueven en clase y el apoyo ofrecido por el profesor. El presente estudio hace una contribución novedosa al proporcionar la perspectiva del alumno sobre el ambiente de clase y su relación con las estrategias elegidas por los estudiantes.
Relación entre condición física global, coordinación motriz y calidad de vida percibida en adolescentes españoles
Authors: García Cantó Eliseo , Rosa Guillamón Andres , Nieto Parra Laura
Published: February 2021

La sociedad actual plantea la necesidad de incorporar a la educación aquellas capacidades relacionadas con el cuerpo y su actividad motriz dentro de los márgenes de la salud, pues estas resultan determinantes para el desarrollo integral de la persona. Teniendo esto en cuenta, el objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la relación entre la condición física global (CF), la coordinación motriz (CM) y la calidad de vida percibida (CVP) en adolescentes españoles. Para esto, se diseñó un estudio descriptivo transversal con 1037 adolescentes de 14 a 16 años de edad, y se utilizó el Cuestionario de salud SF-36 para evaluar la CVP, y la Batería de condición física relacionada con la salud para evaluar la CF global y la CM. Los resultados muestran que los sujetos con mayor CF tuvieron valores promedio más elevados en las variables de función física (p < .001), rol físico (p < .001), vitalidad (p < .05), función social (p < .001), rol emocional (p < .01), salud mental (p < .001) y calidad de vida total (p < .001); mientras que aquellos con menor CF presentaron puntuaciones superiores en dolor corporal (p < .001). Asimismo, los sujetos que mostraron mayor CM obtuvieron mejores registros en salud general, vitalidad, función social y calidad de vida total (p < .001 en todos los casos), y registros inferiores en función física y rol físico (p < .001 en ambos casos). Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que tener una mayor CF, así como una mayor CM, pueden ser variables predictoras de una mejor CVP en adolescentes españoles.
COVID Social Distancing and the Poor: An Analysis of the Evidence for England
Authors: Basu Parantap , Bell Clive , Edwards Terence Huw
Published: February 2021

Social distancing is a matter of individuals’ choices as well as of regulation. We analyse weekly panel data on such behaviour for English Upper Tier Local Authorities (UTLAs) from March to July 2020, paying attention to the influence of poverty, as measured by free school meals provision. Panel regressions suggest that, although more stringent regulation and slightly lagged local cases of infection increase social distancing, both effects are weaker in UTLAs with higher levels of poverty, in part because of poor housing, and also because shortage of money has forced the poor to keep working. Thus motivated, we develop a two-class (rich/poor) model, in which a Nash non-cooperative equilibrium arises from individual choices in a regulatory regime with penalties for non-compliance. The model yields results in keeping with the empirical findings, indicating the desirability of generous measures to furlough workers in low-paid jobs as a complement to the stringency of general regulation.
Fabrication of green ZnO nanoparticles using walnut leaf extract to develop an antibacterial film based on polyethylene–starch–ZnO NPs
Authors: Saemi Rouhina , Taghavi Elham , Jafarizadeh-Malmiri Hoda , Anarjan Navideh
Published: February 2021

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized utilizing prepared walnut leaf extract by various amounts of its leaves (5–25 g) via a heater and stirrer adjusted at 60°C and reaction time ranging from 30 to 90 min. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography indicated the six main functional groups and 29 bioactive compounds in the provided walnut leaf extract. Antioxidant and antibacterial inhibitory activities of the fabricated ZnO NPs, in powder form, were modeled as a function of two synthesized parameters using response surface methodology, and the fabrication process was optimized. The results indicated that the ZnO NPs synthesized using walnut leaf extract, with 15.51 g of its dried powder and reaction time of 60 min, had maximum antioxidant activity and antibacterial effects againstEscherichia coli. X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy image indicated that the synthesized ZnO NPs using optimal processing conditions had crystals in triangular nanoprisms to nearly spherical shape with the particle size ranging from 15 to 40 nm. Finally, prepared biodegradable film composed of thermoplastic starch (5% w/w), polyethylene (93% w/w), and ZnO NPs (2% w/w) indicated high bactericidal inhibitory activity against both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (E. coli) bacterial strains.
Quintic B-spline collocation method for the numerical solution of the Bona–Smith family of Boussinesq equation type
Authors: Ren Jianguo , Manafian Jalil , Shallal Muhannad A. , Jabbar Hawraz N. , Mohammed Sizar A.
Published: February 2021

Our main purpose in this work is to investigate a new solution that represents a numerical behavior for one well-known nonlinear wave equation, which describes the Bona–Smith family of Boussinesq type. A numerical solution has been obtained according to the quintic B-spline collocation method. The method is based on the Crank–Nicolson formulation for time integration and quintic B-spline functions for space integration. The stability of the proposed method has been discussed and presented to be unconditionally stable. The efficiency of the proposed method has been demonstrated by studying a solitary wave motion and interaction of two and three solitary waves. The results are found to be in good agreement with the analytic solution of the system. We demonstrated the physical interpretation of some obtained results graphically with symbolic computation.
In line and post erbium-doped fiber amplifiers with ideal dispersion compensation fiber Bragg grating for upgrading optical access networks
Authors: Eid Mahmoud M. A. , Ibrahim Anas , Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki
Published: February 2021

This model in line and post erbium-doped fiber amplifiers with ideal dispersion compensation FBG for upgrading optical access networks for an extended distance of 60 km inside the optical fiber cable with a bit rate 10 Gb/s and Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) which applied at length 5 m. The electrical results are measured by electrical visualizer (eye diagram analyzer, electrical power meter visualizer). The eye diagram analyzer used to calculate the min bit error rate in addition to the maximum Q factor which has a result in the proposed model is 51.97. The electrical power meter visualizer used in the proposed model to calculate the total power which has a result of 23.70 dBm.
Chirped Gaussian pulse propagation with various data rates transmission in the presence of group velocity dispersion (GVD)
Authors: Eid Mahmoud M. A. , Helmy Ahmed , Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki
Published: February 2021

Linear/Measured chirped Gaussian pulse propagation is simulated at various data rates transmission in the presence of group velocity dispersion without amplification unit. The power variations (PVs) vs. frequency, time period are also clarified after 250 km fiber channel length and 10 Gb/s bit rate (BR) of for Gaussian pulse generators with linear chirp factor of 2 rad/s, measured chirp factor (alpha parameter of 2 rad/W, Adiabatic chirp of 10 s−1). Moreover the overall total light power after fiber, the overall total electrical power after APD receiver are studied and clarified for Gaussian pulse generators with linear chirp, measured chirp factor. PVs vs. frequency, time period are simulated after APD receiver for Gaussian pulse generators with linear chirp, measured chirp factor. Maximum signal amplitude variations vs. time after APD receiver for Gaussian pulse generators with linear chirp, measured chirp factor are also clarified with the numerical simulation results.
Weighted projective Ricci curvature in Finsler geometry
Authors: Tabatabaeifar Tayebeh , Najafi Behzad , Tayebi Akbar
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we introduce the weighted projective Ricci curvature as an extension of projective Ricci curvature introduced by Z. Shen. We characterize the class of Randers metrics of weighted projective Ricci flat curvature. We find the necessary and sufficient condition under which a Kropina metric has weighted projective Ricci flat curvature. Finally, we show that every projectively flat metric with isotropic weighted projective Ricci and isotropic S-curvature is a Kropina metric or Randers metric.
Fine tuned exploration of evolutionary relationships within the protein universe
Authors: Gullotto Danilo
Published: February 2021

In the regime of domain classifications, the protein universe unveils a discrete set of folds connected by hierarchical relationships. Instead, at sub-domain-size resolution and because of physical constraints not necessarily requiring evolution to shape polypeptide chains, networks of protein motifs depict a continuous view that lies beyond the extent of hierarchical classification schemes. A number of studies, however, suggest that universal sub-sequences could be the descendants of peptides emerged in an ancient pre-biotic world. Should this be the case, evolutionary signals retained by structurally conserved motifs, along with hierarchical features of ancient domains, could sew relationships among folds that diverged beyond the point where homology is discernable. In view of the aforementioned, this paper provides a rationale where a network with hierarchical and continuous levels of the protein space, together with sequence profiles that probe the extent of sequence similarity and contacting residues that capture the transition from pre-biotic to domain world, has been used to explore relationships between ancient folds. Statistics of detected signals have been reported. As a result, an example of an emergent sub-network that makes sense from an evolutionary perspective, where conserved signals retrieved from the assessed protein space have been co-opted, has been discussed.
Influence of Magnesium Infiltration on Compressive Behavior of Additively Manufactured Porous Ti6Al4V Structure
Authors: Arivazhagan Adhiyamaan , Venugopal Prabhu Raja , Mohammad Ashfaq , Ravi K. R.
Published: February 2021

As the next generation of metallic implants, Ti6Al4V porous structures have captivated more attention; however, the primitive compressive strength of the Ti6Al4V material is drastically reduced in its porous form while matching its Young’s modulus with that of the bone to avoid ‘stress-shielding effect’. This work sheds light on an unconventional approach to develop a metallic implant that addresses the twin demands of having high compressive strength and low Young’s modulus matching with that of the bone. This study focuses exclusively on the compressive behavior because most of the implants like hip and knee prosthesis are subjected to compressive loading. Porous Ti6Al4V structures with porosity ranging from 60–75 % are fabricated using electron beam melting, an additive manufacturing technique. And then, a pressureless infiltration technique is carried out to infiltrate pure magnesium, a good biodegradable material, into the porous structures by casting process. The compressive behavior of the infiltrated structures is analyzed and compared with porous Ti6Al4V structures. The compressive strength of the porous Ti6Al4V structures is enhanced up to 200 % after infiltrating it with biodegradable magnesium without much change in the modulus, making it a good candidate for the biomedical metallic implants. Moreover, the stress-strain characteristics of the magnesium-infiltrated Ti6Al4V samples exhibited ductile nature when compared with the stress-strain curves of the porous Ti6Al4V samples, which showed brittle nature, thereby enhancing the energy-absorbing quality of the metallic implant.
MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Postsurgical hypoparathyroidism: current treatments and future prospects for parathyroid allotransplantation
Authors: Mihai Radu , Thakker Rajesh V
Published: February 2021

Background

Permanent postsurgical hypoparathyroidism (POSH) is a major complication of anterior neck surgery in general and of thyroid surgery in particular. Depending on diagnostic criteria, up to 10% of patients undergoing bilateral thyroid surgery develop POSH. This leads to a multitude of symptoms that decrease the quality of life and burden the healthcare provision through complex needs for medication and treatment of specific complications, such as seizures and laryngospasm.

Methods

Narrative review of current medical treatments for POSH and of the experience accumulated with parathyroid allotransplantation.

Results

In most patients, POSH is controlled with regular use of calcium supplements and active vitamin D analogues but a significant proportion of patients continue to experience severe symptoms requiring repeated emergency admissions. Replacement therapy with synthetic PTH compounds (PTH1-34, Natpara® and PTH1-84, teriparatide, Forsteo®) has been assessed in multicentre trials, but the use of this medication is restricted by costs and concerns related to the risk of development of osteosarcoma. Based on recent case reports of successful allotransplantation of parathyroid tissue between siblings, there is renewed interest in this technique. Data on selection of donors, parathyroid cell preparation before allotransplantation, site and timing of transplantation, need for immunosuppression and long-term outcomes are reviewed.

Conclusion

A prospective trial to assess the efficacy of parathyroid allotransplantation in patients with severely symptomatic protracted post-surgical hypoparathyroidism is warranted.
Efficacy of Histidine–Tryptophan–Ketoglutarate Solution Versus Blood Cardioplegia in Cardiac Surgical Procedures: A Randomized Controlled | Parallel Group Study
Authors: Ali Ihab , Hassan Ahmed , Shokri Hoda , Khorshed Ramy
Published: February 2021

Background: In cardiac surgery, myocardial protection is required during cross-clamping followed by reperfusion. The use of cardioplegic solutions helps preserve myocardial energy stores, hindering electrolyte disturbances and acidosis during periods of myocardial ischaemia. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety between the histidine–tryptophan–ketoglutarate (HTK) solution and blood cardioplegia in various cardiac surgeries.
Methods: Three-hundred-twenty patients aged 30-70 years old undergoing various cardiac surgeries were randomized into the HTK group and the blood cardioplegia group. The ventilation time, total bypass time, cross-clamp time, length of intensive care unit (ICU) or hospital stay, and postoperative complications were analyzed.
Results: The total bypass time and cross-clamp time were significantly shorter in the HTK group than in the blood cardioplegia group (P < 0.001). Segmental wall motion abnormalities (SWMA) at postoperative echocardiography were significantly higher in in the blood cardioplegia group (P = 0.008). The number of patients requiring DC Shock was significantly higher in the HTK group (P < 0.001). The number of patients requiring inotropic support was significantly higher in the blood cardioplegia group (P < 0.001). The length of ICU, hospital stay, and ventilation time were significantly longer in the blood cardioplegia group than in the HTK group (P = 0.004, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). The number of patients requiring prolonged ventilation was significantly higher in the blood cardioplegia group compared with the HTK group (P = 0.022). There was no significant difference between the study groups regarding electrocardiographic changes, 30-day mortality, and 30-day readmission.
Conclusion: The use of HTK cardioplegia was associated with significantly shorter cross-clamp time, bypass time, duration of mechanical ventilation, length of ICU stay, and length of hospital stay. It is associated with less incidence of postoperative segmental wall abnormalities and less need for inotropic support than blood cardioplegia. Custodiol cardioplegia is a safe and feasible option that can be used as an effective substitute for blood cardioplegia to enhance myocardial protection.
Sight Beyond Sight: Foreseeing Fraudulent Financial Reporting through the Perspective of Islamic Legal Ethics
Authors: Rahmatika Dien Noviany , Hamzani Achmad Irwan , Aravik Havis , Yunus Nur Rohim
Published: February 2021

Abstract. In the financial sectors, fraud has become a world phenomenon, ranging from fraudulent financial reports, assets misappropriation and corruption. These three types of fraud are practices carried out deliberately against the law which harm many parties. This study aims to analyze fraudulent financial reporting, where the presentation of misstatements is presented to mislead financial reports. These are against the ethical perspective of Islamic law as stated in the Quran and Hadith. This research uses secondary data based on the principles of sharia accounting concepts and Islamic ethics. The analytical method used is a qualitative description method with literary and normative approaches by examining fraudulent financial reporting from the perspective of Islamic law. The results of this study strengthen the theory of fraud pentagon with the symptoms and red flags of fraud, namely pressure, opportunity, rationalization, competence, and arrogance of the perpetrators of fraud. The Quran as well as the hadith emphasize the values of honesty, justice, truth, responsibility, and belief in reporting. This research also overlooks the weak ethics of the accounting profession and also the value of religiosity held by weak accountants from the perspectives of Islam.Keywords: Accounting Fraud, Fraudulent Financial Reporting, Fraud Pentagon Theory, Islamic Legal Ethics Abstrak. Pada sektor keuangan, fraud (kecurangan) menjadi salah satu fenomena global, dengan kasus kecurangan laporan keuangan, penyelewengan aset dan korupsi. Ketiga bentuk kecurangan tersebut merupakan praktek yang dilakukan secara sengaja melawan hukum dan merugikan banyak pihak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kecurangan pelaporan keuangan, dimana informasi yang disajikan dalam laporan adalah hal yang tidak sesuai dengan kenyataan. Hal ini bertentangan dengan etika hukum Islam dalam Al-Qur'an dan Hadits. Penelitian ini adalah menggunakan data sekunder dengan mendasarkan pada prinsip-prinsip akuntansi syariah dan etika Islam. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode deskripsikualitatif dengan pendekatan literatur dan kajian normatif. Hal ini dilakukan dengan memeriksa kecurangan pelaporan keuangan dari perspektif hukum Islam. Hasil dari penelitian ini memperkuat teori Fraud Pentagon tentang gejala dan Red Flag Fraud, yang terdiri dari tekanan, peluang, rasionalisasi, kompetensi, dan arogansi para pelaku penipuan. Hal ini bertentangan dengan prinsip hukum Islam yang menekankan pada nilai-nilai kejujuran, keadilan, kebenaran, tanggung jawab, dan kepercayaan dalam pelaporan. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan lemahnya prinsip etis dalam profesi akuntansi dan jugai religiusitas yang dimiliki oleh akuntan.Kata kunci: Kecurangan akuntansi, Kecurangan Pelaporan Keuangan, Teori Fraud Pentagon, Etika Hukum Islam
Gold Currency Model in Aceh
Authors: Kadri Bedjo Santoso
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Complementary currency has been a trending issue. This is because the complementary currency can reduce people’s dependency on the government in serving the currency as a medium of exchange. However, many studies neglected the role of idle gold. Aceh is one province of Indonesia that reserves the right of special autonomy to implement Sharia. Aceh, being renowned for its fertility in the cultivation of some agricultural products such as coffee, tobacco, and palm oil, has become a strategic trade center. Aceh is also equally rich in gold mines, with the approximate result of five tons a year. This research attempts to design a model of complementary currency based on physical gold in Aceh. This study uses unstructured interviews with scholars, leaders, business people, and the government. The result reveals that stakeholders agree with the gold complementary currency, support and willing to recommend it. Besides, this model is believed to be beneficial. However, the most challenging factor is the support from the government which is essential to develop this gold currency model.Keywords: Complementary Currency, Aceh Economy, Gold-Based Money, Islamic Currency. Abstrak. Mata uang komplementer (complementary currency) menjadi isu yang masih terus menjadi pembahasan. Hal ini karena mata uang komplementer dapat mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap pemerintah dalam melayani kebutuhan mata uang sebagai media pertukaran. Mata uang komplementer, termasuk yang berbasis emas, dapat meningkatkan ketahanan masyarakat terhadap krisis moneter. Namun demikian, kajian tentang hal ini masih jarang, terutama tentang peranan emas yang menganggur (idle gold). Aceh merupakan satu provinsi di Indonesia yang memiliki hak otonomi khusus untuk menerapkan syariat Islam. Penelitian ini mencoba merekomendasikan model mata uang komplementer berdasarkan emas, untuk diimplementasikan di Aceh. Penelitian dilakukan dengan wawancara tidak terstruktur dengan stakeholders dari ulama, pemimpin masyarakat, pelaku bisnis, dan pemerintah. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa stakeholders setuju, mendukung, dan merekomendasikan penggunaan mata uang komplementer di Aceh. Selain itu, model ini dipercaya dapat bermanfaat bagi perekonomian, kehidupan sosial, dan penerapan nilai Islam serta persaidaraan. Namun demikian, tantangan yang paling utama adalah dukungan pemerintah dan keterlibatannya dalam pengembangan dan implementasi model ini.Kata kunci: Complementary Currency, Aceh Economy, Gold-Based Money, Islamic Currency
Epidemiology of COVID-19 cases diagnosed at quarantine facilities in Paraguay
Authors: Rosa Ramos Ruiz Diaz Pasionaria , Velázquez Gladys , Oliveira da Silva Elder , Carolina Centurión Viveros Claudia , Esperanza Dullack Peña Roberto , Francisco Armoa García Luis
Published: February 2021

Aims: This study aimed to describe the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 cases diagnosed in quarantine facilities in Paraguay.Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional, temporarily retrospective study. The time scope was from April 1 to September 30 2020. The variables were sex, age and administrative departments. The open access data available on the website of the Ministry of Public Health and Social Welfare was used. Frequencies expressed in percentages and the Chi square value were calculated to observe the statistically significant differences between cases and age and sex.Results: from April 4 to September 30 2020, 1.581 cases were diagnosed in COVID-19. The fewest number of positive cases were reported in April (50) and the highest number was reported in May (628). From the total, 69.6% (1.101) were male, (male / female ratio 2.3), 42.1% (666) were aged between 20-29 years, the average age was 30.23 years (range 0 to 87, standard deviation 14.66. 95% CI 1.5 - 58.95). The departments with the highest number of cases were Caaguazú 21.7 % (343), Alto Paraná 17.3 % (274), Central 13.3% (210) and Asunción 11.4% (180). The least number of cases of COVID-10 in women were registered in the Departments of Amambay, Pdte. Hayes, Ñeembucú and Boquerón, and in men the Departments of Ñeembucú and Boquerón. The largest number of male cases were registered in Caaguazú 70.8% (243), Alto Paraná 66.1% (181), Central 69.5% (146) and Asunción 68.9% (124). The number of Covid-19 infected people in quarantine facilities presented statistically significant differences between the variables sex and age.Conclusion: the quarantine facilities are one of the measures that the Paraguayan government needed to avoid the rapid spread and dispersion of the virus. The epidemiology of the cases diagnosed in them corresponds to what was expected according to the characteristics of the country.
Covid-19, the anti-vaccine movement and immunization challenges in Brazil
Authors: Caracilo Carvalho Bivar Gabriela , Santini Cesar de Aguiar Maria Eduarda , Virgínia Cavalcanti Santos Renata , Ramon Gualberto Cardoso Pablo
Published: February 2021

AIMS: The COVID-19 pandemic suddenly and significantly increased hospitalizations for pneumonia with systemic inflammatory disease. Since its appearance, COVID-19 has affected more than 200 countries, with more than 90 million cases and almost 2 million deaths. So far, there is no quality evidence regarding the specific pharmacological therapy for COVID-19; most treatments usually involve off-label use of existing drugs and have unproven efficacy. The global effort converges on the development of a vaccine; however, the greatest challenge is to achieve collective immunization in the face of increasing vaccination hesitancy.METHODS: This study investigated the impact of vaccine hesitancy movements on the goal of COVID-19 immunization in Brazil. An integrative bibliographic review was performed with an electronic search on PubMed and SciELO that yielded 13.535 articles. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied which included 29 interventional and descriptive studies.RESULTS: The results of the 29 studies revealed that the most frequent reasons for hesitation is skepticism about the true interests of the industry and politicians, the lack of trust in research, and inaccurate information on social media.CONCLUSION: The main factors that lead the population not to believe in vaccines were the real interests of industry and politicians, lack of confidence in research, and the amount of false information that circulates massively on social media and because of that it is possible that Brazil will face some challenges in achieving collective immunity due to the anti-vaccine movement.
Tecnologias desenvolvidas no contexto da saúde da mulher no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Bispo de Barros Francisco Railson , da Silva Lima Raquel Faria , de Paula Magalhães Vitória Mariana
Published: February 2021

Introdução: as tecnologias em saúde dizem respeito a tudo o que é utilizado como instrumento para cuidar e educar a outras pessoas. Diante desse conceito, esta revisão tem por objetivo conhecer as publicações científicas acerca do desenvolvimento de tecnologias voltadas para a área de saúde da mulher no Brasil. Materiais e métodos: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, de natureza descritiva, realizada por meio de consulta as bases de dados Banco de Dados em Enfermagem (BDENF), Latino-Americano e do Caribe de Informação em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), no período de 2009 a 2019. Resultados: os cruzamentos de busca nas bases de dados estabelecidas resultaram na identificação de 46 estudos no banco de dados BDENF, 280 no LILACS e 55 na SciELO, totalizando 381 estudos. A aplicação dos filtros possibilitou refinamento que resultou em seleção final de 23 estudos. Discussão: a análise dos resultados evidenciou que o foco mais referido foi o desenvolvimento de tecnologias leve-duras. Quando analisada a abordagem dessas tecnologias, observou-se que as temáticas mais beneficiadas pelo desenvolvimento das tecnologias em saúde foram a educação em saúde da mulher na gestação e na amamentação. Conclusões: percebe-se, por meio da revisão, que se faz necessário o desenvolvimento, validação e implementação de todas as classes das tecnologias em saúde, pois a qualidade técnica e conceitual passará por análise e testagem dos profissionais que compreendem as factuais necessidades do público foco.
Uso do desenho-estória para apreensão de entendimentos e sentimentos de crianças institucionalizadas sobre agressão física
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, de Souza Lima Juciara Karla , de Souza Carvalho e Lira Margaret Olinda , Freire de Oliveira Jeany , Alves Campos Fernando Vitor , Lira de Paiva Levi Olinda
Published: February 2021

Introdução: A punição corporal de crianças é uma prática recorrente que prejudica o seu desenvolvimento físico e emocional. Objetivo: apreender entendimentos e sentimentos de um grupo de crianças sobre a agressão física praticada por pais ou responsáveis. Materiais e Métodos: estudo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa e uso do desenho-estória para responder ao estímulo indutor: o que vem à sua cabeça quando você ouve falar: “bater em criança”? Resultados: emergiram sentimentos de amor e ódio, culpa, tristeza, ressentimentos, desejo de vingança, vergonha e o entendimento de agressão física como uma atitude negativa e prejudicial. Conclusão: as crianças demonstraram ansiedade, timidez, agressividade, introspecção e tendência ao isolamento social. Para elas, as punições físicas constituíram episódios negativos que poderiam levá-las à morte, sugerindo que fossem substituídas por diálogo ou castigo.
Prognostic value of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cystatin C in patients with heart failure and previous myocardial infarction
Authors: Kompanets N. V. , Shchukin Yu. V. , Limareva L. V. , Komarova M. V.
Published: February 2021

Aim. To study the prognostic value of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL or lipocalin-2) and cystatin C in patients with heart failure (HF) and myocardial infarction (MI).

Material and methods. Baseline plasma concentrations of NGAL and cystatin C were measured in 119 participants (median age, 50-61 years; men, 101) with HF and primary MI (4-6 weeks old) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention in the acute period. Adverse cardiovascular events within 1 year were considered as the endpoint.

Results. Patients with elevated NGAL levels were significantly more likely to have adverse events (p<0,001). The optimal cut-off value for NGAL was 18,75 ng/ml (odds ratio, 10, 95% CI, 3,09-32,45; p=0,0001). Multivariate logistic regression showed that NGAL, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, left ventricular aneurysm, and SYNTAX score were significant predictors of adverse events. Cystatin C did not affect prognosis in the study cohort.

Conclusion. Increased NGAL levels is a predictor of unfavorable clinical outcome in patients with HF and previous MI.
An open-label multicenter observational study (registry) of patients recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with involvement of the cardiovascular system or with baseline severe cardiovascular diseases: rationale, design, and implications for clinical practice
Authors: Konradi A. O. , Villevalde S. V. , Duplyakov D. V. , Kozlenok A. V. , Melnik O. V. , Mikhailov E. N. , Moiseeva O. M. , Nedoshivin A. O. , Soloveva A. E. , Fokin V. A. , Yakovlev A. N. , Arutyunov G. P. , Belenkov Yu. N. , Shlyakho E. V.
Published: February 2021

The potential impact on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality have become one of the most important issues of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. COVID-19 may be associated with more frequent development of acute cardiovascular complications, while patients with established cardiovascular diseases are characterized by a higher risk of severe infection and adverse in-hospital outcomes. Due to the spread scale of the pandemic, understanding the long-term cardiovascular consequences of COVID-19 is of no less importance. Inability to extrapolate available international data to the Russian population has led to the initiation of a national multicenter study (registry) of patients recovered from COVID-19 and with concomitant involvement of the cardiovascular system or with baseline severe cardiovascular diseases. The article presents its rationale, design and implications of the results for clinical practice.
Improving the efficiency of pile foundations, organized in heaving soils
Authors: Dobrynin Anton
Published: February 2021

The recommendations about calculation offered in this article extend on the ferroconcrete two-conical piles immersed by cave-in for the bases of buildings and constructions which design is developed by "Highways and Bridges" chair of the Perm national research polytechnical university. Two-conical piles are characterized by the increased resilience to action of forces of a frost heaving in comparison with traditionally applied prismatic piles at the expense of the return orientation of the top cone.The description of a method of calculation of the base in the form of a bush from two-conical piles is provided in frosty water-saturated clay soil from the point of view of its stability against action of forces of a frosty heaving. The comparative analysis of the obtained settlement data with experimental is carried out. The technique of determination of size of a frosty heaving of two-conical piles as a part of base bushes is developed and in number realized by forces of a frosty heaving when modeling soil as linearly -deformable space. The calculation method which basis the condition of equality of the works made by forces of a frosty heaving, and forces interfering a frosty heaving of not loaded pile bases from two-conical piles is is offered. The method allows to project with an accuracy sufficient for practical purposes the bases in water-saturated clay soil.
Coronavirus infections: health care planning based on Orem's Nursing Theory
Authors: Nascimento Tayomara Ferreira , Almeida Graziela Maria Ferraz de , Bello Marielle Poyo , Silva Rosemary Pereira Lino da , Fontes Cassiana Mendes Bertoncello
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to report the experience of professors and students of a graduate course on nursing care in coping with the new coronavirus (COVID-19) based on Self-Care Theory. Method: the active methodologies used were a literature search and seminar presentations, with an understanding of Orem's theoretical concepts: health; man; self-care; universal, developmental and health deviation requirements; self-care activities; self-care deficits; the required therapeutic demand; nursing systems. The pandemic was considered a health deviation that requires critical thinking and nursing care planning. Methodological frameworks to classify nursing diagnoses, interventions, and outcomes were used. Results: for each health deviation, nursing systems were identified; self-care deficits, diagnoses; actions, interventions; and the form of assessment, outcomes. Final considerations: theoretical-practical reflections of the academic context support nursing care planning.
The belief in health in the adoption of COVID-19 prevention and control measures
Authors: Carvalho Khelyane Mesquita de , Silva Cynthia Roberta Dias Torres , Felipe Sarah Giulia Bandeira , Gouveia Marcia Teles de Oliveira
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: Reflect, in the light of the Health Belief Model, on the adoption of behavioral measures in the context of COVID-19. Methods: Theoretical-reflective essay, based on the Health Belief Model, to reflect on adherence to preventive behaviors in the pandemic of COVID-19. Results: Adherence to preventive behaviors is strongly influenced by socioeconomic, territorial, political and individual factors in the face of critical health situations. In addition, the spread of false news modulates the thinking and execution of behavioral actions in the population. Final Considerations: It is necessary to understand the importance of health communication processes and the use of tools aimed at responsible human behavior and engaged in the adoption of a preventive posture.
Current state of trauma and violence in São Paulo - Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: RIBEIRO-JUNIOR MARCELO AUGUSTO FONTENELLE , NÉDER PAOLA REZENDE , AUGUSTO SAMARA DE SOUZA , ELIAS YASMIN GARCIA BATISTA , HLUCHAN KAROLINE , SANTO-ROSA OTTO MAURO
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT The coronavirus pandemic led society to adopt measures to contain its spread that generate impacts in the social, economic and psychological spheres, mainly due to social isolation. Some authors point out that social changes have generated changes in the various forms of trauma and violence. For this study, data collection for the years 2019 and 2020 was carried out on DATASUS - TABNET and on the website of the Secretariat of Public Security - SSP, considering various types of trauma and violence, with subsequent correlation analysis using the Kendall coefficient and correlation test. There was statistical significance, allowing a correlation with the negative pandemic for the rates of body injury due to traffic accidents, gunshot injuries, stab wounds, sexual violence, bodily injuries and interpersonal violence. As factors possibly associated with a reduction in the incidence of these variables, the literature presents some changes resulting from the pandemic, such as adherence to isolation, with a reduction in the flow of people on the street, and a decrease in reports of violence. The present study indicates that the findings may serve as a warning for future changes and for the adoption of preventive measures, however they represent the initial situation of the pandemic in São Paulo and, therefore, further investigations must be carried out with the course of the pandemic, which still remains.
Vitiligo in equine: a four-year case study of a roan horse ˗ case report
Authors: Fonteque J.H. , Valente T.C. , Avila G.M. , Cristo T.G. , Pereira L.M.A. , Casa M.S. , Vincensi L.C. , Casagrande R.A.
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT Vitiligo is a dermatological disease affecting both animals and humans. It is characterized by depigmented macules of varying shape and size, originated from melanocyte destruction. Even though there are some theories tackling causation, disease etiopathology is not yet certain. Moreover, lesion areas can either increase or diminish over time, and therefore, available treatment alternatives tend to prove inconsistencies. No epidemiological data or registered cases were found for equines in Brazil. The horse in this case description displayed depigmentation areas in facial regions, including upper lip, nose and lips. However, the individual did not happen to develop any systemic alteration. Through clinical evaluation, backed by a histopathological exam, a definitive vitiligo diagnosis was obtained. However, no therapeutic plan was stipulated. The animal was accompanied for four years, during which period some affected areas diminished while others increased in size. In addition, emergence of new skin lesions was also observed during the time the animal was studied. Overall, this disease does not display alterations to organism functionality, only aesthetic changes. Therefore, treatment plans may vary from case to case, occasionally being even ruled out.
Poisoning in domestic cats in Brazil: toxicants, clinical signs, and therapeutic approaches
Authors: Jardim M.P.B. , Farias L.F. , Cid G.C. , Souza H.J.M.
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the most common toxic agents affecting domestic cats, the clinical signs of toxicity, and the therapeutic approaches for recovery. A survey on poisoning in cats was conducted among small animal veterinary practitioners from 2017 to 2018. Of the 748 completed questionnaires, 543 (72.6%) were evaluated. Pesticides and household cleaning supplies were the most common causes of poisoning in cats. The toxicant groups included pesticides and household cleaning supplies (organophosphates), human drugs (acetaminophen), plants/plant derivatives (lily), and veterinary drugs (tramadol). The major clinical signs for these four groups of toxicants were (1) acetaminophen poisoning, which caused oxidative erythrocyte damage; (2) muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic syndrome, which resulted from organophosphate poisoning; (3) acute kidney injury, which resulted from intoxication of lily; and (4) serotonin syndrome, which resulted from tramadol toxicosis. Interventions for treating poisoning in cats were based on the clinical presentation of animals. In the present study, the significant toxins identified to be dangerous for cats were characterized using the obtained data in Brazil as well as the main associated clinical signs and therapy recommended by veterinarians.