bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of MicroRNA, Long Non-Coding RNA and Circular RNA in the Pathogenesis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Literature Review
Authors: Nasser Jenan Sh. , Altahoo Noor , Almosawi Sayed , Alhermi Abrar , Butler Alexandra E.
Published: January 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine-metabolic disease in females of reproductive age, affecting 4–20% of pre-menopausal women worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, single-stranded, non-coding, regulatory ribonucleic acid molecules found in eukaryotic cells. Abnormal miRNA expression has been associated with several diseases and could possibly explain their underlying pathophysiology. MiRNAs have been extensively studied for their potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic uses in many diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, PCOS, and endometriosis. In women with PCOS, miRNAs were found to be abnormally expressed in theca cells, follicular fluid, granulosa cells, peripheral blood leukocytes, serum, and adipose tissue when compared to those without PCOS, making miRNAs a useful potential biomarker for the disease. Key pathways involved in PCOS, such as folliculogenesis, steroidogenesis, and cellular adhesion, are regulated by miRNA. This also highlights their importance as potential prognostic markers. In addition, recent evidence suggests a role for miRNAs in regulating the circadian rhythm (CR). CR is crucial for regulating reproduction through the various functions of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis and the ovaries. A disordered CR affects reproductive outcomes by inducing insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation. Moreover, miRNAs were demonstrated to interact with lncRNA and circRNAs, which are thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. This review discusses what is currently understood about miRNAs in PCOS, the cellular pathways involved, and their potential role as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Green Synthesis of Novel Silver Nanoparticles Using Salvia blepharophylla and Salvia greggii: Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Potential and Effect on Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens
Authors: Geremew Addisie , Gonzalles John , Peace Elisha , Woldesenbet Selamawit , Reeves Sheena , Brooks Nigel , Carson Laura
Published: January 2024

In the face of evolving healthcare challenges, the utilization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has emerged as a compelling solution due to their unique properties and versatile applications. The aim of this study was the synthesis and characterization of novel AgNPs (SB-AgNPs and SG-AgNPs, respectively) using Salvia blepharophylla and Salvia greggii leaf extracts and the evaluation of their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities. Several analytical instrumental techniques were utilized for the characterization of SB-AgNPs and SG-AgNPs, including UV–visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transmission infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). FTIR analysis identified various functional groups in the leaf extracts and nanoparticles, suggesting the involvement of phytochemicals as reducing and stabilizing agents. High-resolution TEM images displayed predominantly spherical nanoparticles with average sizes of 52.4 nm for SB-AgNPs and 62.5 nm for SG-AgNPs. Both SB-AgNPs and SG-AgNPs demonstrated remarkable antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes and Gram-negative bacteria Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli. SB-AgNPs and SG-AgNPs also exhibited 90.2 ± 1.34% and 89.5 ± 1.5% DPPH scavenging and 86.5 ± 1.7% and 80.5 ± 1.2% α-amylase inhibition, respectively, at a concentration of 100 μg mL−1. Overall, AgNPs synthesized using S. blepharophylla and Salvia greggii leaf extracts may serve as potential candidates for antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic agents. Consequently, this study provides viable solutions to mitigate the current crisis of antibiotic resistance and to efficiently combat antimicrobial infections and Type 2 diabetes.
The Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Response in Breast Cancer
Authors: Monzavi-Karbassi Behjatolah , Kelly Thomas , Post Steven R.
Published: January 2024

The complex interactions between cancer cells and their surrounding microenvironment are fundamental in determining tumor progression, response to therapy, and, ultimately, patient prognosis [...]
Involvement of CCL2 in Salivary Gland Response to Hyperosmolar Stress Related to Sjögren’s Syndrome
Authors: Chivasso Clara , Parisis Dorian , Cabrol Xavier , Datlibagi Azine , Delforge Valérie , Gregoire Françoise , Bolaky Nargis , Soyfoo Muhammad Shahnawaz , Perret Jason , Delporte Christine
Published: January 2024

In primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) patients, salivary gland (SG) epithelial cells (SGECs) could be exposed to chronic hyperosmotic stress (HOS), consecutive to their destruction and deregulation, that exacerbates an inflammatory response. The aims of this study were to assess the mechanism accounting for C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) expression in an immortalized human salivary gland epithelial acinar cell line (NS-SV-AC) subjected to HOS, as well as the involvement of CCL2 in pSS. CCL2 mRNA and protein levels were determined via RT-qPCR and ELISA. Reporter plasmids and a promoter pull-down assay were used to identify transcription factors associated with CCL2 mRNA increase. Our data showed that HOS-induced CCL2 mRNA increase was independent of the nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5 (NFAT5) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NFkB) but involved Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5). CCL2 protein levels, quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in sera samples from pSS patients, correlated with the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology’s Sjogren’s syndrome disease activity index (ESSDAI) score for systemic activity. In addition, CCL2 protein levels were higher in patients with biological activity, cutaneous manifestations, and ESSDAI score superior or equal to five. Our data suggest that chronic HOS could exacerbate pSS disease by contributing to the inflammatory process induced by the expression and secretion of CCL2.
Characterization of Poultry Gelatins Prepared by a Biotechnological Method for Targeted Changes at the Molecular Level
Authors: Prokopová Aneta , Mokrejš Pavel , Gál Robert , Pavlačková Jana , Hurajová Anna
Published: January 2024

Chicken collagen is a promising raw material source for the production gelatins and hydrolysates. These can be prepared biotechnologically using proteolytic enzymes. By choosing the appropriate process conditions, such changes can be achieved at the molecular level of collagen, making it possible to prepare gelatins with targeted properties for advanced cosmetic, pharmaceutical, medical, or food applications. The present research aims to investigate model samples of chicken gelatins, focusing on: (i) antioxidant activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azinobis-3-etylbenzotiazolin-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS); (ii) the distribution of molecular weights via gel permeation chromatography with refractometric detection (GPC-RID); (iii) functional groups and the configuration of polypeptide chains related to molecular-level properties using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); (iv) the microbiological populations on sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA), plate count agar (PCA), tryptic soy agar (TSA), and violet red bile lactose (VRBL) using the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) method. Antioxidant activity towards ABTS radicals was more than 80%; activity towards DPPH radicals was more than 69%. The molecular weights of all gelatin samples showed typical α-, β-, and γ-chains. FTIR analysis confirmed that chicken gelatins all contain typical vibrational regions for collagen cleavage products, Amides A and B, and Amides I, II, and III, at characteristic wavenumbers. A microbiological analysis of the prepared samples showed no undesirable bacteria that would limit advanced applications of the prepared products. Chicken gelatins represent a promising alternative to products made from standard collagen tissues of terrestrial animals.
The Anticancer Effects of the Garlic Organosulfide Diallyl Trisulfide through the Attenuation of B[a]P-Induced Oxidative Stress, AhR Expression, and DNA Damage in Human Premalignant Breast Epithelial (MCF-10AT1) Cells
Authors: Ferguson Dominique T. , Taka Equar , Tilghman Syreeta L. , Womble Tracy , Redmond Bryan V. , Gedeon Shasline , Flores-Rozas Hernan , Reed Sarah L. , Soliman Karam F. A. , Kanga Konan J. W. , Darling-Reed Selina F.
Published: January 2024

Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is the most characterized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon associated with breast cancer. Our lab previously reported that the organosulfur compound (OSC), diallyl trisulfide (DATS), chemoprevention mechanism works through the induction of cell cycle arrest and a reduction in oxidative stress and DNA damage in normal breast epithelial cells. We hypothesize that DATS will inhibit B[a]P-induced cancer initiation in premalignant breast epithelial (MCF-10AT1) cells. In this study, we evaluated the ability of DATS to attenuate B[a]P-induced neoplastic transformation in MCF-10AT1 cells by measuring biological endpoints such as proliferation, clonogenicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) DNA damage levels, as well as DNA repair and antioxidant proteins. The results indicate that B[a]P induced proliferation, clonogenic formation, ROS formation, and 8-OHdG levels, as well as increasing AhR, ARNT/HIF-1β, and CYP1A1 protein expression compared with the control in MCF-10AT1 cells. B[a]P/DATS’s co-treatment (CoTx) inhibited cell proliferation, clonogenic formation, ROS formation, AhR protein expression, and 8-OHdG levels compared with B[a]P alone and attenuated all the above-mentioned B[a]P-induced changes in protein expression, causing a chemopreventive effect. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that DATS prevents premalignant breast cells from undergoing B[a]P-induced neoplastic transformation, thus providing more evidence for its chemopreventive effects in breast cancer.
Omics Studies of Tumor Cells under Microgravity Conditions
Authors: Graf Jenny , Schulz Herbert , Wehland Markus , Corydon Thomas J. , Sahana Jayashree , Abdelfattah Fatima , Wuest Simon L. , Egli Marcel , Krüger Marcus , Kraus Armin , Wise Petra M. , Infanger Manfred , Grimm Daniela
Published: January 2024

Cancer is defined as a group of diseases characterized by abnormal cell growth, expansion, and progression with metastasis. Various signaling pathways are involved in its development. Malignant tumors exhibit a high morbidity and mortality. Cancer research increased our knowledge about some of the underlying mechanisms, but to this day, our understanding of this disease is unclear. High throughput omics technology and bioinformatics were successful in detecting some of the unknown cancer mechanisms. However, novel groundbreaking research and ideas are necessary. A stay in orbit causes biochemical and molecular biological changes in human cancer cells which are first, and above all, due to microgravity (µg). The µg-environment provides conditions that are not reachable on Earth, which allow researchers to focus on signaling pathways controlling cell growth and metastasis. Cancer research in space already demonstrated how cancer cell-exposure to µg influenced several biological processes being involved in cancer. This novel approach has the potential to fight cancer and to develop future cancer strategies. Space research has been shown to impact biological processes in cancer cells like proliferation, apoptosis, cell survival, adhesion, migration, the cytoskeleton, the extracellular matrix, focal adhesion, and growth factors, among others. This concise review focuses on publications related to genetic, transcriptional, epigenetic, proteomic, and metabolomic studies on tumor cells exposed to real space conditions or to simulated µg using simulation devices. We discuss all omics studies investigating different tumor cell types from the brain and hematological system, sarcomas, as well as thyroid, prostate, breast, gynecologic, gastrointestinal, and lung cancers, in order to gain new and innovative ideas for understanding the basic biology of cancer.
Genome-Wide Identification of DUF668 Gene Family and Expression Analysis under F. solani, Chilling, and Waterlogging Stresses in Zingiber officinale
Authors: Han Shuo , Han Xiaowen , Qi Chuandong , Guo Fengling , Yin Junliang , Liu Yiqing , Zhu Yongxing
Published: January 2024

The domains of unknown function (DUF) superfamilies contain proteins with conserved amino acid sequences without known functions. Among them, DUF668 was indicated widely involving the stress response of plants. However, understanding ZoDUF668 is still lacking. Here, 12 ZoDUF668 genes were identified in ginger by the bioinformatics method and unevenly distributed on six chromosomes. Conserved domain analysis showed that members of the same subfamily had similar conserved motifs and gene structures. The promoter region of ZoDUF668s contained the light, plant hormone and stress-responsive elements. The prediction of miRNA targeting relationship showed that nine ginger miRNAs targeted four ZoDUF668 genes through cleavage. The expression patterns of 12 ZoDUF668 genes under biotic and abiotic stress were analyzed using RT-qPCR. The results showed that the expression of seven ZoDUF668 genes was significantly downregulated under Fusarium solani infection, six ZoDUF668 genes were upregulated under cold stress, and five ZoDUF668 genes were upregulated under waterlogging stress. These results indicate that the ZoDUF668 gene has different expression patterns under different stress conditions. This study provides excellent candidate genes and provides a reference for stress-resistance research in ginger.
The Influence of Graphene Oxide-Fe3O4 Differently Conjugated with 10-Hydroxycampthotecin and a Rotating Magnetic Field on Adenocarcinoma Cells
Authors: Jedrzejczak-Silicka Magdalena , Szymańska Karolina , Mijowska Ewa , Rakoczy Rafał
Published: January 2024

Nanoparticles (e.g., graphene oxide, graphene oxide-Fe3O4 nanocomposite or hexagonal boron nitride) loaded with anti-cancer drugs and targeted at cancerous cells allowed researchers to determine the most effective in vitro conditions for anticancer treatment. For this reason, the main propose of the present study was to determine the effect of graphene oxide (GO) with iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (GO-Fe3O4) covalently (c-GO-Fe3O4-HCPT) and non-covalently (nc-GO-Fe3O4-HCPT) conjugated with hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) in the presence of a rotating magnetic field (RMF) on relative cell viability using the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. The obtained GO-Fe3O4 nanocomposites demonstrated the uniform coverage of the graphene flakes with the nanospheres, with the thickness of the flakes estimated as ca. 1.2 nm. The XRD pattern of GO–Fe3O4 indicates that the crystal structure of the magnetite remained stable during the functionalization with HCPT that was confirmed with FTIR spectra. After 24 h, approx. 49% and 34% of the anti-cancer drug was released from nc-GO-Fe3O4-HCPT and c-GO-Fe3O4-HCPT, respectively. The stronger bonds in the c-GO-Fe3O4-HCPT resulted in a slower release of a smaller drug amount from the nanocomposite. The combined impact of the novel nanocomposites and a rotating magnetic field on MCF-7 cells was revealed and the efficiency of this novel approach has been confirmed. However, MCF-7 cells were more significantly affected by nc-GO-Fe3O4-HCPT. In the present study, it was found that the concentration of nc-GO-Fe3O4-HCPT and a RMF has the highest statistically significant influence on MCF-7 cell viability. The obtained novel nanocomposites and rotating magnetic field were found to affect the MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The presented results may have potential clinical applications, but still, more in-depth analyses need to be performed.
Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Regulates Obesity and Glucose Homeostasis
Authors: Kajita Kazuo , Ishii Isao , Mori Ichiro , Asano Motochika , Fuwa Masayuki , Morita Hiroyuki
Published: January 2024

One of the major global health and welfare issues is the treatment of obesity and associated metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Obesity, caused by the excessive accumulation of triglycerides in adipose tissues, induces adipocyte dysfunction, followed by inflammation, in adipose tissues and lipotoxicity in nonadipose tissues. Several studies have shown that obesity and glucose homeostasis are influenced by sphingolipid mediators, including ceramide and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). Cellular accumulation of ceramide impairs pancreatic β-cell survival, confers insulin resistance in the liver and the skeletal muscle, and deteriorates adipose tissue inflammation via unknown molecular mechanisms. The roles of S1P are more complicated, because there are five cell-surface S1P receptors (S1PRs: S1P1–5) which have altered functions, different cellular expression patterns, and inapparent intracellular targets. Recent findings, including those by our group, support the notable concept that the pharmacological activation of S1P1 or S1P3 improves obesity and associated metabolic disorders, whereas that of S1P2 has the opposite effect. In addition, the regulation of S1P production by sphingosine kinase (SphK) is an essential factor affecting glucose homeostasis. This review summarizes the current knowledge on SphK/S1P/S1PR signaling in and against obesity, insulin resistance, and associated disorders.
Estimation of Human Chronological Age from Buccal Swab Samples through a DNA Methylation Analysis Approach of a Five-Locus Multiple Regression Model
Authors: Marcante Beatrice , Delicati Arianna , Onofri Martina , Tozzo Pamela , Caenazzo Luciana
Published: January 2024

Recent advancements in forensic genetics have facilitated the extraction of additional characteristics from unidentified samples. This study delves into the predictive potential of a five-gene (ELOVL2, FHL2, KLF14, C1orf132, and TRIM59) methylation rate analysis for human age estimation using buccal swabs collected from 60 Italian volunteers. The methylation levels of specific CpG sites in the five genes were analyzed through bisulfite conversion, single-base extension, and capillary electrophoresis. A multivariate linear regression model was crafted on the training set, then the test set was employed to validate the predictive model. The multivariate predictive model revealed a mean absolute deviation of 3.49 years in the test set of our sample. While limitations include a modest sample size, the study provides valuable insights into the potential of buccal swab-based age prediction, aiding in criminal investigations where accurate age determination is crucial. Our results also highlight that it is necessary to investigate the effectiveness of predictive models specific to biological tissues and individual populations, since models already proven effective for other populations or different tissues did not show the same effectiveness in our study.
Impact of Sinapic Acid on Bovine Serum Albumin Thermal Stability
Authors: Precupas Aurica , Popa Vlad Tudor
Published: January 2024

The thermal stability of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in Tris buffer, as well as the effect of sinapic acid (SA) on protein conformation were investigated via calorimetric (differential scanning microcalorimetry—μDSC), spectroscopic (dynamic light scattering—DLS; circular dichroism—CD), and molecular docking approaches. μDSC data revealed both the denaturation (endotherm) and aggregation (exotherm) of the protein, demonstrating the dual effect of SA on protein thermal stability. With an increase in ligand concentration, (i) protein denaturation shifts to a higher temperature (indicating native form stabilization), while (ii) the aggregation process shifts to a lower temperature (indicating enhanced reactivity of the denatured form). The stabilization effect of SA on the native structure of the protein was supported by CD results. High temperature (338 K) incubation induced protein unfolding and aggregation, and increasing the concentration of SA altered the size distribution of the protein population, as DLS measurements demonstrated. Complementary information offered by molecular docking allowed for the assessment of the ligand binding within the Sudlow’s site I of the protein. The deeper insight into the SA–BSA interaction offered by the present study may serve in the clarification of ligand pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, thus opening paths for future research and therapeutic applications.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cultured in a 3D Microgel Environment Containing Platelet-Rich Plasma Significantly Modify Their Chondrogenesis-Related miRNA Expression
Authors: Mata Manuel , Salvador-Clavell Rubén , Ródenas-Rochina Joaquín , Sancho-Tello María , Gallego Ferrer Gloria , Gómez Ribelles José Luis
Published: January 2024

The aim of this work is to study the effect of platelet factors on the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hyaline cartilage chondrocytes in a three-dimensional environment. MSCs were cultured in a microgel environment with a chondrogenic medium. The microgel consisted of microspheres that combine gelatin and platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The gelatin/PRP microdroplets were produced by emulsion. The gelatin containing the microdroplets was enzymatically gelled, retaining PRP and, just before seeding the cells, platelets were activated by adding calcium chloride so that platelet growth factors were released into the culture media but not before. Platelet activation was analyzed before activation to rule out the possibility that the gelatin cross-linking process itself activated the platelets. The gene expression of characteristic chondrogenic markers and miRNA expression were analyzed in cells cultured in a differentiation medium and significant differences were found between gelation/PRP microgels and those containing only pure gelatin. In summary, the gelatin microspheres effectively encapsulated platelets that secreted and released factors that significantly contributed to cellular chondrogenic differentiation. At the same time, the microgel constituted a 3D medium that provided the cells with adherent surfaces and the possibility of three-dimensional cell–cell contact.
Impact of miR-29c-3p in the Nucleus Accumbens on Methamphetamine-Induced Behavioral Sensitization and Neuroplasticity-Related Proteins
Authors: Su Hang , Zhu Li , Su Linlan , Li Min , Wang Rui , Zhu Jie , Chen Yanjiong , Chen Teng
Published: January 2024

Methamphetamine (METH) abuse inflicts both physical and psychological harm. While our previous research has established the regulatory role of miR-29c-3p in behavior sensitization, the underlying mechanisms and target genes remain incompletely understood. In this study, we employed the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technique in conjunction with Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) to probe the putative molecular mechanisms of METH sensitization through miR-29c-3p inhibition. Through a microinjection of AAV-anti-miR-29c-3p into the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of mice, we observed the attenuation of METH-induced locomotor effects. Subsequent iTRAQ analysis identified 70 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), with 22 up-regulated potential target proteins identified through miR-29c-3p target gene prediction and IPA analysis. Our focus extended to the number of neuronal branches, the excitatory synapse count, and locomotion-related pathways. Notably, GPR37, NPC1, and IREB2 emerged as potential target molecules for miR-29c-3p regulation, suggesting their involvement in the modulation of METH sensitization. Quantitative PCR confirmed the METH-induced aberrant expression of Gpr37, Npc1, and Ireb2 in the NAc of mice. Specifically, the over-expression of miR-29c-3p led to a significant reduction in the mRNA level of Gpr37, while the inhibition of miR-29c-3p resulted in a significant increase in the mRNA level of Gpr37, consistent with the regulatory principle of miRNAs modulating target gene expression. This suggests that miR-29c-3p potentially influences METH sensitization through its regulation of neuroplasticity. Our research indicates that miR-29c-3p plays a crucial role in regulating METH-induced sensitization, and it identified the potential molecular of miR-29c-3p in regulating METH-induced sensitization.
Time Series Forecasting Utilizing Automated Machine Learning (AutoML): A Comparative Analysis Study on Diverse Datasets
Authors: Westergaard George , Erden Utku , Mateo Omar Abdallah , Lampo Sullaiman Musah , Akinci Tahir Cetin , Topsakal Oguzhan
Published: January 2024

Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) tools are revolutionizing the field of machine learning by significantly reducing the need for deep computer science expertise. Designed to make ML more accessible, they enable users to build high-performing models without extensive technical knowledge. This study delves into these tools in the context of time series analysis, which is essential for forecasting future trends from historical data. We evaluate three prominent AutoML tools—AutoGluon, Auto-Sklearn, and PyCaret—across various metrics, employing diverse datasets that include Bitcoin and COVID-19 data. The results reveal that the performance of each tool is highly dependent on the specific dataset and its ability to manage the complexities of time series data. This thorough investigation not only demonstrates the strengths and limitations of each AutoML tool but also highlights the criticality of dataset-specific considerations in time series analysis. Offering valuable insights for both practitioners and researchers, this study emphasizes the ongoing need for research and development in this specialized area. It aims to serve as a reference for organizations dealing with time series datasets and a guiding framework for future academic research in enhancing the application of AutoML tools for time series forecasting and analysis.
Long-Term Chironomid Emergence at a Karst Tufa Barrier in Plitvice Lakes National Park, Croatia
Authors: Dorić Valentina , Pozojević Ivana , Baranov Viktor , Mihaljević Zlatko , Ivković Marija
Published: January 2024

Chironomids are found in all types of freshwater habitats; they are a ubiquitous and highly diverse group of aquatic insects. Plitvice Lakes National Park is the oldest and largest national park in Croatia and consists of numerous and diverse freshwater habitats, making the area an ideal location for long-term research into the chironomid emergence patterns and phenology. The main objectives of this study were to identify the composition of the chironomid community, determine the phenology of the identified species, and assess the main factors influencing their emergence in Plitvice Lakes. During 14 years of research, more than 13,000 chironomids belonging to more than 80 species were recorded. The most abundant species was found to be Parametriocnemus stylatus. The highest abundance of chironomids was recorded in lotic habitats with faster water current over substrates of moss and algae and pebbles. Water temperature and the availability of organic matter were found to be the main factors that drive chironomid emergence at the tufa barrier studied. In the last years of this study, a prolonged flight period was observed. Although this is not statistically significant (at this stage of the study), it could be due to a higher water temperature in winter.
Integration of the Generalist Predator Nabis americoferus (Hemiptera: Nabidae) in a Greenhouse Strawberry Biocontrol Program with Phytoseiid Predatory Mites and the Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria bassiana
Authors: Saito Taro , Buitenhuis Rosemarije
Published: January 2024

In strawberry production, western flower thrips (WFT) and two-spotted spider mites (TSSM) inflict feeding damage and reduce the yield. Biological control for these pests often includes phytoseiid predatory mites and entomopathogenic fungi. The hemipteran family Nabidae have been reported as prominent predators in open-field strawberry. Nabis americoferus Carayon is a new biocontrol agent developed in Canada. This study examined if this species was a good candidate for integration with biological control for greenhouse strawberry production. The laboratory trials showed that Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot and Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot were compatible with N. americoferus, especially when alternative food was available. In contrast, the nabid was not compatible with the Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) GHA strain. A greenhouse cage study was conducted to determine if it was beneficial to add N. americoferus to the phytoseiid-mites-based biological control program for WFT and TSSM in greenhouse strawberry. The release of N. americoferus on a banker plant together with the placement of sachets of Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudemans) and Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) was beneficial, not only potentially reducing the number of sachet applications, but also providing better pest control than phytoseiid mites alone. Neither the phytoseiids nor the N. americoferus numbers were significantly affected by the presence of each other.
Alexithymia in the Narratization of Romantic Relationships: The Mediating Role of Fear of Intimacy
Authors: Zdankiewicz-Ścigała Elżbieta , Ścigała Dawid Konrad , Trzebiński Jerzy
Published: January 2024

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to verify the hypothesis concerning the relationship between alexithymia and selected indicators used to describe emotional events, specifically romantic relationships. Alexithymia, due to significant distortions in cognitive processing of emotional content, is demonstrated by poor recognition of emotions in oneself and others and, as a result, by deficits in empathy, avoidance of social relationships, and deficits in the ability to mentalize. Differences in narrations were tested by alexithymia levels (high vs. low) and the relation between specific narration features and individual alexithymia factors, i.e., difficulties in identifying emotions, difficulties in verbalising emotions, and externally oriented thinking. Method: A total of 356 people who had been in a romantic relationship for at least six months participated in the study. The TAS-20 was applied to measure alexithymia, and the FIS questionnaire was used to investigate anxiety in close relationships. Participants were asked to freely describe the romantic relationship they were in at that moment. The Linguistic Inquiry Word Count (LIWCLIWC2015 v1.6—unlimited duration academic licence) software was used for content analysis. The study was conducted online. Results: On the basis of the analyses conducted, high levels of alexithymia were found to be significantly associated with a lower total number of words used in narrative, a lower number relating to positive emotions, a lower number relating to causation and insight, and a higher number relating to negative emotions. Various results were obtained for individual dimensions of alexithymia in relation to the LIWC categories and the mediating role of fear of intimacy. For the difficulty identifying feelings (DIF), a significant mediating effect was observed only for words associated with negative emotions, whereas for the difficulty describing feelings (DDF), significant mediating effects were found for words relating to negative emotions and causality. In the case of externally oriented thinking (EOT), significant mediating effects were obtained for all analysed categories from LIWC.
Preferential Regime of the Russian Arctic: Tendencies and First Results from Realization of the World’s Largest Special Economic Zone
Authors: Volkov Alexander D. , Roslyakova Natalia A. , Vasilieva Anastasia V. , Averyanov Alexander O. , Tishkov Sergey V. , Nalivaychenko Ekaterina V.
Published: January 2024

The preferential regime of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation is the latest regulatory mechanism designed to overcome negative socio-economic trends in the macroregion. The accumulated factual data over the three-year period of this work have made it possible to make the first reasonable estimates of its effects on the regional economy. The purpose of this study is to investigate the presence of transformational changes in the relationship between employment and investment due to the introduction of the preferential regime for key sectors in the regions that are fully or partially included in the Russian Arctic. The relationship between investment and employment in regional industries was studied using least squares regression analysis using Advanced Grapher 2.2 software. The results show, firstly, significant differences in trends in the implementation of preferential treatment: increased economic specialization of some regions and diversification of the economies of other regions. Secondly, there is a slowdown in the emergence of new projects. Thirdly, the markedly different employment effects across industries and regions of the Russian Arctic, as well as the changing nature of the relationship between investment and employment, require a significant revision of regulatory measures and economic policies to maximize regime effects and achieve sustainable long-term regional development.
Effects of Prior Negative Experience and Personality Traits on WeChat and TikTok Ad Avoidance among Chinese Gen Y and Gen Z
Authors: Cao Ningyan , Isa Normalisa Md , Perumal Selvan
Published: January 2024

While numerous people use social mobile applications, ads within these apps are often avoided. Although the significance of prior negative experience and personality traits in impacting consumers’ perceptions and behaviors has been acknowledged, limited research has explored their influence on ad perceptions and avoidance. This study aims to examine the effects of prior negative experience and personality traits on ad perceptions and ad avoidance of Generation Y (Gen Y) and Generation Z (Gen Z) within two prominent mobile social apps: WeChat and TikTok. An online survey was used to gather data from 353 Chinese Gen Y and Gen Zers who were active users of WeChat and TikTok. Findings from several regression analyses show that prior negative experience is an essential determinant of ad avoidance, influencing not just directly but indirectly by diminishing perceived ad personalization and intensifying perceived goal impediment and ad clutter. Personality traits also significantly affect ad avoidance, with conscientiousness exerting a positive effect, whereas agreeableness has a negative impact. Notably, agreeableness, emotional stability, and openness to experience moderate the associations between ad perceptions and avoidance. Intriguingly, the effects of these factors are platform-specific, with WeChat’s main factor for ad avoidance being erceived goal impediment and TikTok’s main factor being ad clutter. Based on these findings, the theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Istro-Romanian Subjunctive Clauses
Authors: Corbeanu Cătălina Ramona , Hill Virginia
Published: January 2024

This paper aims to define the featural composition of the complementizers that introduce subjunctive complements in Istro-Romanian, and to identify the internal organization of the subjunctive clause in terms of subject positions, verb movement, clitic placement and constituent fronting. In a nutshell, the observation is that the complementizer neca replaces se within the syntactic pattern of Old Romanian; that is, a pattern that displays intra- and inter-language variation with respect to the distribution of complementizers within the subjunctive CP. Tests of word order also indicate intra-language variation in the parametric settings for clitic placement (either high or low), for the argumental subject position (either in Spec,TP, yielding SVO, or in Spec,vP, yielding VSO) and for constituent movement under discourse triggers (either scrambling or fronting to CP).
Laser Surface Texturing for Ground Surface: Frictional Effect of Plateau Roughness and Surface Textures under Oil Lubrication
Authors: Yue Hongzhi , Schneider Johannes , Deng Jianxin
Published: January 2024

Laser surface texturing has proven beneficial in improving tribological performance in different lubrication regimes. However, the interaction between plateau roughness and surface texture remains to be further investigated, even though rough surfaces are common in engineering applications. In the present study, we investigated the frictional influence of surface texturing of ground surfaces under different lubrication conditions. Channel textures with different depths and area ratios were fabricated on ground surfaces, and their friction was tested in reciprocating tests. The experimental findings indicate that the textures caused increased friction for ground surfaces under boundary or mixed lubrication when the interface is well lubricated. Nevertheless, when the oil supply was limited, an up to 40% friction reduction was observed under test conditions.
Modelling of Fatigue Delamination Growth and Prediction of Residual Tensile Strength of Thermoplastic Coupons
Authors: Tsivouraki Niki , Tserpes Konstantinos , Sioutis Ioannis
Published: January 2024

Thermoplastic composites are continuously replacing thermosetting composites in lightweight structures. However, the accomplished work on the fatigue behavior of thermoplastics is quite limited. In the present work, we propose a numerical modeling approach for simulating fatigue delamination growth and predicting the residual tensile strength of quasi-isotropic TC 1225 LM PAEK thermoplastic coupons. The approach was supported and validated by tension and fatigue (non-interrupted and interrupted) tests. Fatigue delamination growth was simulated using a mixed-mode fatigue crack growth model, which was based on the cohesive zone modeling method. Quasi-static tension analyses on pristine and fatigued coupons were performed using a progressive damage model. These analyses were implemented using a set of Hashin-type strain-based failure criteria and a damage mechanics-based material property degradation module. Utilizing the fatigue model, we accurately foretold the expansion of delamination concerning the cycle count across all interfaces. The results agree well with C-scan images taken on fatigued coupons during interruptions of fatigue tests. An unequal and unsymmetric delamination growth was predicted due to the quasi-isotropic layup. Moreover, the combined models capture the decrease in the residual tensile strength of the coupons. During the quasi-static tension analysis of the fatigued coupons, we observed that the primary driving failure mechanisms were the rapid spread of existing delamination and the consequential severe matrix cracking.
Development of Multifunctional Hybrid Coatings (Mechanically Resistant and Hydrophobic) Using Methyltrimethoxysilane–Diethoxydimethylsilane–Tetraethoxysilane Mixed Systems
Authors: Pellegrini Charlène , Duluard Sandrine , Gressier Marie , Turq Viviane , Ansart Florence , Menu Marie-Joëlle
Published: January 2024

For many industrial applications, the simultaneous presence in a material of different functional properties is necessary. The main interest lies in making a single material more versatile and durable, less fragile and more efficient. In this study, two concomitant properties in the same material were mainly studied: resistance to cracking and the increase in its hydrophobic properties. The chosen process was the sol-gel route due to its versatility and the ease of formulating materials from various precursors in order to obtain (multi)functional materials. In this paper, sol-gel coatings were prepared with tetraethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane and diethoxydimethylsilane as precursors. Tetraethoxysilane was mainly used to improve the material’s mechanical properties, especially hardness, and silicon oil was added to improve its hydrophobic behavior. The integration of silicon oil was monitored via 29Si NMR. Microstructural characterizations were carried out to correlate the multi-scale properties with the microstructure of the derived films. Young’s modulus and hardness were measured to highlight the effect of key formulation parameters on the mechanical strength of the coatings. The synergistic effect of these precursors is underlined as well as the beneficial effect of silicon oil (generated in situ or precondensed).
Quantification of the Post-Fire Strength Retention Factors for Selected Standard Duplex and Lean Duplex Stainless Steel Grades
Authors: Maslak Mariusz , Pancikiewicz Krzysztof , Pazdanowski Michal , Stankiewicz Marek , Wozniczka Piotr , Zajdel Paulina
Published: January 2024

The experimental quantification of retention factors related to the post-fire strength as well as the post-fire ductility of intentionally selected stainless steel grades applied in construction is the objective of the research presented here. These steel grades are characterized by a two-phase austenitic–ferritic microstructure of the duplex type. In this context, two mutually corresponding chromium–nickel–molybdenum steel grades are subjected to analysis, namely X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 steel belonging to the standard duplex group (DSS 22% Cr) and X2CrMnNiN21-5-1 steel belonging to the lean duplex group (LDSS). The similarities and differences in the mechanical properties exhibited by these steel grades after effective cooling, following more or less prolonged simulated fire action conforming to several development scenarios, are identified and indicated. The resistance of a given steel grade to permanent structural changes induced by the heating program proved to be the critical factor determining these properties and resulting in many cases in increased susceptibility to brittle fracture. The results obtained experimentally seem to confirm the quantitative estimates of post-fire retention factors forecast by Molkens and his team, specified for the steels exhibiting a duplex-type structure and tested by us. However, several of these estimates might be considered somewhat risky. Nevertheless, our results do not confirm the significant post-fire strengthening of steel grades belonging to the LDSS group following prior heating at a sufficiently high temperature, as reported earlier by Huang Yuner and B. Young.
Evaluation of the Tensile and Puncture Properties of Geotextiles Influenced by Soil Moisture under Freezing Conditions
Authors: Liu Lanjun , Zhang Haiku , Zhu Jinhuan , Lv Shixin , Liu Lulu
Published: January 2024

Freezing conditions under different humidity will influence the mechanical properties of geotextiles, leading to the gradual fracture of geotextiles. It brings hidden danger to the whole isolation, reinforcement and protection of rock and soil. It is particularly important to study the tensile and puncture properties of geotextiles considering low temperature and moisture content. In this paper, a series of tensile and puncture tests of geotextiles are performed under different low temperatures (0, −3, −6, −9, and −12 °C) and at different moisture content levels (0, 5, 10, 30, 50, and 80%). From the microscopic perspective, the failure mechanism considering the low temperature and moisture content was explained comprehensively. Experimental results indicate that with a decrease in freezing temperature, the tensile strength of geotextiles increases as a parabolic function while the elongation at failure decreases as an exponential function. Additionally, the puncture strength of geotextiles presented a parabolic increase with the decreasing temperature. Under the freezing temperature environment, the higher moisture content of geotextiles can generate a higher puncture strength increment. This research contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the tensile and puncture properties of geotextile materials considering low temperature and moisture content. It can provide important guidance for the design of slopes, the reinforcement of earthen dams, and roadbed reinforcement with geotextiles in cold regions.
The Inhibition Effect and Mechanism of Staurosporine Isolated from Streptomyces sp. SNC087 Strain on Nasal Polyp
Authors: Choi Grace , Lee Eun-Young , Chung Dawoon , Cho Kichul , Yu Woon-Jong , Nam Sang-Jip , Park Seong-Kook , Choi Il-Whan
Published: January 2024

This study aims to explore the potential inhibition effects of staurosporine isolated from a Streptomyces sp. SNC087 strain obtained from seawater on nasal polyps. Staurosporine possesses antimicrobial and antihypertensive activities. This research focuses on investigating the effects of staurosporine on suppressing the growth and development of nasal polyps and elucidating the underlying mechanisms involved. The experimental design includes in vitro and ex vivo evaluations to assess the inhibition activity and therapeutic potential of staurosporine against nasal polyps. Nasal polyp-derived fibroblasts (NPDFs) were stimulated with TGF-β1 in the presence of staurosporine. The levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen type-I (Col-1), fibronectin, and phosphorylated (p)-Smad 2 were investigated using Western blotting. VEGF expression levels were analyzed in nasal polyp organ cultures treated with staurosporine. TGF-β1 stimulated the production of Col-1, fibronectin, and α-SMA and was attenuated by staurosporine pretreatment. Furthermore, these inhibitory effects were mediated by modulation of the signaling pathway of Smad 2 in TGF-β1-induced NPDFs. Staurosporine also inhibits the production of VEGF in ex vivo NP tissues. The findings from this study will contribute to a better understanding of staurosporine’s role in nasal polyp management and provide insights into its mechanisms of action.
A Quad-Band Highly Selective Frequency Selective Surface with Ultra-Wideband Rejection
Authors: Wang Minrui , Xiang Zheng , Li Yi , Xu Baoyi , Yang Long
Published: January 2024

In this paper, a highly selective quad-band frequency selective surface (FSS) with ultra-wideband rejection is presented. The proposed FSS structure was developed by cascading five metallic layers by three thin dielectric substrates. The five metallic layers are composed of two bent slot layers, two metallic square rings, and a metal patch. The dimensions of the unit cell are 0.13λ0× 0.13λ0× 0.18λ0 (λ0 is the free-space wavelength at the first operating frequency). The proposed structure achieves four transmission bands and has two wide stop-bands located at 1 to 5.5 GHz and 14 to 40 GHz, with a suppressed transmission coefficient below −20 dB. In order to verify the simulation results, an FSS prototype was fabricated and measured. It can be observed that the measured results are in favorable agreement with the simulation results. Its multiple narrow passbands and highly selective and ultra-wideband rejection properties ensure that our design can play a significant role in narrowband antennas, spatial filters, and many other fields.