bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anastasis in Glioblastoma, Brain Cancer Stem, and Brain Stem Cells
Authors: INCEBOZ Melodi , GOKER BAGCA Bakiye , CANER Ayşe , GÜNDÜZ Cumhur
Published: March 2021

Objective: Anastasis, a process that has been discovered recently, halts apoptosis, and thus, recovers the survival functions of cells. It may be suggested that anastasis is related to cancer progression, especially in cancer stem cells which are responsible for therapy resistance, metastasis, and recurrence. In this study, the investigation of the anastasis phenomena and its effect on stemness related gene expressions of brain cancer-related cells are aimed.
Methods: In this study commercially obtained glioblastoma multiforme(GBM), brain cancer stem cells(BCSC), and brain stem cells(BSC) were used for in vitro models. To induction of apoptosis 4% ethanol-including medium was used. Annexin V assay was used for confirmation of apoptotic and anastatic status. Gene expression profile was determined real-time qRT-PCR method and fold changes were calculated by using 2-∆∆Ct method. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was used for the functional pathway and upstream regulatory analysis.
Results: A common decrease in the expression of stemness related genes in GBM cells was determined by real-time qRT-PCR performed on anastatic cells. Although BSCs showed a similar expression profile with GBM cells, all stemness genes were upregulated in BCSCs. Similar to expression profile, the canonical pathways were markedly down-regulated in BSC and GBM, while they were up-regulated in BCSC. Differently, it is determined that the activation of self-renewal in GBM and BCSC, unlike BSC.
Conclusion: We have demonstrated that the inhibition of anastasis may be used to prevent the malignant transformation of healthy stem cells and the aggression of cancerous stem cells. Anastasis may be suggested as a critical mechanism that supports uncurable cancers.
Аналіз факторів, які впливають на організацію доставки військових вантажів для потреб Повітряних Сил Збройних Сил України
Authors: Леках А.А. , Гурін О.М. , Старцев В.В. , Просяник В.В.
Published: March 2021

В статті розглянути основні фактори, які впливають на організацію та здійснення доставки озброєння та військової техніки і матеріально-технічних засобів в системі логістичного забезпечення Повітряних Сил Збройних України. Визначені основні класи постачання матеріально-технічних засобів, місця їх утримання і доставки; існуюча транспортна мережа і засоби їх доставки; стратегії поповнення та технологічність процесу доставки матеріально-технічних засобів до споживачів. На підставі проведеного аналізу вироблена стратегія поповнення запасів озброєння та військової техніки і матеріально-технічних засобів, яка у відповідності від конкретної оперативно-логістичної обстановки, що склалася, поділяється на безперервну, періодичну, періодичне поповнення з екстреними доставками та стратегію поповнення запасів матеріально-технічних засобів за рівнем.
Визначення параметрів якості оцінок стохастичних характеристик випробуваного зразка озброєння та військової техніки
Authors: Корнієнко І.В. , Корнієнко С.П. , Дмитрієв В.А. , Павленко А.Г. , Камак Д.О.
Published: March 2021

У статті розглянуті теоретичні питання формування показників якості оцінок стохастичних величин з використанням математичного апарату теорії ймовірностей. Обґрунтовано варіанти розрахунків показників якості оцінки для випадків відсутності або наявності початкових імовірнісних характеристик, точкових або інтервальних оцінок стохастичної величини. Для випадку інтервального оцінювання показано теоретичну можливість збереження значень показників якості оцінок при навмисному скороченні кількості повторень дослідів за умови одержання позитивних результатів досліджень. Запропоновано використання графічного інтерфейсу для знаходження оптимального балансу між точністю та надійністю одержуваних оцінок. Для практичної реалізації розроблено алгоритм розрахунку точності і надійності оцінок стохастичних характеристик (параметрів) випробуваного зразка, який можна використати в основі функціонального модуля у підсистеми планування випробувань автоматизованої системи супроводження випробувань озброєння та військової техніки.
Hubungan Keikutsertaan Kelas Ibu Hamil Terhadap Kecemasan Ibu Dalam Menghadapi Persalinan Pada Ibu Hamil Trimester III Di Desa Branti Raya Kecamatan Branti Lampung Selatan Tahun 2019
Authors: Kristianingsih Ani , Suryanti Endang
Published: March 2021

Pelaksanaan kelas ibu bermanfaat dalam hal persiapan baik secara fisik maupun psikologis ibu dalam menghadapi persalinan.. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan keikutsertaan kelas ibu hamil dengan kecemasan ibu dalam menghadapi persalinan pada ibu hamil Trimester III di Desa Branti Raya Kecamatan Natar Kabupaten Lampung Selatan Tahun 2018.Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah semua ibu hamil trimester III di Desa Branti Raya Kecamatan Natar Kabupaten Lampung Selatan sebanyak 62 orang, sampel 62 orang. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi square.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan distribusi frekuensi responden yang tidak aktif dalam kegiatan kelas ibu yaitu sebanyak 36 responden (58,1%), yang cenderung stres sebanyak 18 responden (29,0%), Ada hubungan keikutsertaan kelas ibu hamil dengan kecemasan ibu dalam menghadapi persalinan pada ibu hamil trimester III di Desa Branti Raya Kecamatan Natar Kabupaten Lampung Selatan Lampung Selatan Tahun 2018 (P value 0,022. OR 5,5). Diharapkan tenaga kesehatan dan petugas kesehatan untuk lebih mengenalkan konsep kegiatan kelas ibu hamil pada masyarakat dan keuntungan yang diperoleh ibu hamil selama mengikuti kelas ibu hamil serta meningkatkan kualitas pelaksanaan kelas ibu hamil
ACTOR NETWORK IN TOURISM MANAGEMENT BASED ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (CASE STUDY OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN BATU CITY, INDONESIA)
Authors: Hafni Nur
Published: March 2021

Batu City is known as one of the leading tourist cities in Indonesia because of its extraordinary potential of natural beauty. The purpose of this research is to analysize the actor network in tourism management based on sustainable development in Batu City. This study used a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. As a result it is recommended to strengthen the role Department of Environmental Service in tourism development policies in Batu City. Batu City Government needs to establish a forum for “Community Conscious Environment” as a controlling agent. Batu City Government also needs to expand cooperation with academics, especially in environmental assessment cooperation.
An Analysis of Chinese Students’ Use of ‘Chinese’ Essay References: Another Role for International Students in the Internationalisation of the Curriculum
Authors: Lim Miguel Antonio , Huang Zhuo Min
Published: March 2021

The UK and other traditional ‘host’ countries welcome an increasingly large number of international students into their higher education (HE) programmes, a trend which some predict will be sustained even after the pandemic. The largest number of international students are from mainland China and some programmes have a large majority of Chinese students. This has raised important questions around the internationalisation of the curriculum in these contexts. While many studies have addressed the needs and challenges of international students there is relatively less work on the potential contributions of these students with respect to the curriculum. This paper conducts a bibliographic analysis of the academic references (n=7,264) used by students to construct their final essays on the theme of education and international development at a ‘leading global university’ based in the UK. It examines (1) what knowledge resources (i.e. references) are used by international students in their essays and (2) what are the characteristics and patterns present in these choices. The study finds that, when allowed to construct their own essays, Chinese students choose to use ‘Chinese’ knowledge resources within English and Anglophone academic essays. This increases when their lecturers and tutors explain and accept the value of non-English academic resources. The study then discusses the implications for lecturers and other pedagogues.
Information exposure, perceptions and behaviours during the first COVID-19 wave in Germany: Evidence from survey and Facebook data
Authors: Stier Sebastian , Weiß Bernd , Hartmann Timo , Flöck Fabian , Breuer Johannes , Schaurer Ines , Schulz Mirjan
Published: March 2021

The role of information exposure during the COVID-19 pandemic seems ambiguous, as gains in knowledge from public information campaigns stand against fears of widespread misinformation, especially via social media. Using data from a large survey collected during the first COVID-19 wave in March 2020 as well as data from Facebook, this paper investigates from which sources (e.g., public or commercial broadcasting, newspapers or Facebook) Germans received news and how information exposure relates to perceptions, attitudes and behaviours concerning COVID-19. Regression analyses based on the survey data show that getting COVID-19-related information from a multitude of sources strongly predicted positive public health outcomes and that no individual source had negative effects. A quantitative text analysis of almost a million German public Facebook posts indicates that the positive individual-level effects might be related to a uniform coverage of COVID-19 that emphasised the severity of the pandemic, whereas misinformation seemed to be less widespread than feared. The results suggest that fears of an `infodemic' may be overstated and that the high salience of COVID-19 in media coverage helped the efforts to mitigate the pandemic. We discuss the findings against the backdrop of an increased politicisation of public-health measures during later COVID-19 waves.
Rituals and Votive Offerings at the Sanctuary of Demeter in Kaunos
Authors: Karatas Aynur-Michèle-Sara
Published: March 2021

The sanctuary of Demeter at Kaunos is one of seven sanctuaries of Demeter in Caria. The rocky outcrops at the sanctuary of Demeter in Kaunos, which were the stages for rituals, were central elements in the celebration of festivals and rituals performed in honour of Demeter at Kaunos. Numerous votives recovered from the cavities of the rocky outcrops were a special form of votive offerings and deposition practiced at this site. The votives consist of clay figurines, miniature pottery, kernoi, coins, and 60 thousand miniature lamps. A special feature of the clay figurines of young and mature men is holes in their hands, which served for the offering of small branches. The present article proposes an interpretation of the rocky outcrops, libation, hydrophoroi, food offerings, kernoi, male figurines holding branches, and lamps used at the rituals of Demeter. The features of the sanctuary of Demeter at Kaunos and its rich votive deposits have the potential to enrich our understanding of the Carian cults of Demeter.
Traduction franco-canadienne de l’Assessment of Systematic Reviews Revised (AMSTAR 2) : validation transculturelle et fidélité interjuges
Authors: Flowers Heather , Guitard Paulette , King Judy , Fitzpatrick Elizabeth , Bérubé Daniel , Barette Julie Alexandra , Cardinal Dominique , Cavallo Sabrina , O’Neil Jennifer , Charette Marylène , Côté Laurence , Gurgel-Juarez Nalia Cecilia , Toupin-April Karine , Shallwani Shirin M. , Dorion Michelle , Rahman Prinon , Potvin-Gilbert Maude , Bartolini Vanessa , Lewis Krystina B. , Martini Rose , Lagacé Josée , Galipeau Roseline , Ranger Marie-Christine , Duquette-Laplante Fauve , Perrier Marie-France , Savard Jacinthe , Paquet Nicole , Tourigny Jocelyne , Bérubé Marie-Eve , Ba Haroon Hussein , Duong Patrick , Bigras Jacynthe , Capistran Julie , Loew Laurianne
Published: March 2021

Objectif : produire une traduction en français canadien de l’AMSTAR 2, en affirmer la validité de contenu et en examiner la fidélité interjuges. Méthodologie : selon une approche adaptée de celle proposée par Vallerand, des traductions directes et renversées ont été effectuées. Ensuite, en examinant les traductions, un premier comité d’experts a créé la version expérimentale préliminaire. Celle-ci a été modifiée par un deuxième comité d’experts. Vingt futurs professionnels de la santé ont évalué la nouvelle version avec une échelle d’ambiguïté (de 1 à 7). Les cochercheurs principaux ont examiné les éléments problématiques pour affermir la version préofficielle. Afin d’assurer la validité de contenu, une dernière rétrotraduction a été effectuée, validant une version officielle. Ensuite, 4 juges ont évalué 13 revues systématiques publiées en français à l’aide de la version officielle. Le coefficient kappa a été utilisé afin d’examiner la fidélité interjuges. Résultats : cette adaptation a permis la création d’une version franco-canadienne de l’AMSTAR 2. Son utilisation a démontré très peu d’ambiguïté (moyenne 1,15; ÉT 0,26) et une bonne fidélité interjuges (Kappa global > 0,64). Conclusion : la version franco-canadienne de l’AMSTAR 2 pourrait servir de soutien aux cliniciens, aux éducateurs et aux gestionnaires francophones au Canada lorsqu’ils cherchent à adopter une pratique factuelle.
Theoretical foundations of digital vector Fourier analysis of two-dimensional signals padded with zero samples
Authors: Ponomareva Olga , Ponomarev Aleksey
Published: March 2021

Introduction: The practice of using Fourier-processing of finite two-dimensional signals (including images), having confirmed its effectiveness, revealed a number of negative effects inherent in it. A well-known method of dealing with negative effects of Fourier-processing is padding signals with zeros. However, the use of this operation leads to the need to provide information control systems with additional memory and perform unproductive calculations. Purpose: To develop new discrete Fourier transforms for efficient and effective processing of two-dimensional signals padded with zero samples. Method: We have proposed a new method for splitting a rectangular discrete Fourier transform matrix into square matrices. The method is based on the application of the modulus comparability relation to order the rows (columns) of the Fourier matrix. Results: New discrete Fourier transforms with variable parameters were developed, being a generalization of the classical discrete Fourier transform. The article investigates the properties of Fourier transform bases with variable parameters. In respect to these transforms, the validity has been proved for the theorems of linearity, shift, correlation and Parseval's equality. In the digital spectral Fourier analysis, the concepts of a parametric shift of a two-dimensional signal, and a parametric periodicity of a two-dimensional signal have been introduced. We have estimated the reduction of the required memory size and the number of calculations when applying the proposed transforms, and compared them with the discrete Fourier transform. Practical relevance: The developed discrete Fourier transforms with variable parameters can significantly reduce the cost of Fourier processing of two-dimensional signals (including images) padded with zeros.
PEMERTAHANAN BAHASA SUNDA SEBAGAI WUJUD IDENTITAS MASYARAKAT DI DESA LUWUNG BATA, BREBES, JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Sutisno Andi , Muliawati Hesti , Andika Dutha Bahari  , Bediyanto
Published: March 2021

Bahasa tidak bisa dilepaskan dari penuturnya. Tanpa masyarakat penuturnya, bahasa tidak akan bisa bertahan atau akan punah. Dalam kehidupan masyarakat, bahasa selalu menempati posisi strategis sebagai alat atau media berkomunikasi. Di tengah-tengah masyarakat, pada kenyataannya bahasa tidak bersifat monolingua tetapi bisa beraneka dengan berbagai macam variasi bahasa di dalamnya. Hal ini juga yang terjadi pada masyarakat Desa Luwung Bata, Kabupaten Brebes. Kabupaten Brebes yang notabene secara geografis dan etnografis berada di wilayah Jawa Tengah dengan mayoritas pengguna bahasa Jawa, namun ada satu daerahnya yaitu Desa Luwung Bata yang berbahasa Sunda. Masyarakat di Desa Luwung Bata memiliki keunikan tersendiri sebab mereka berbahasa Sunda namun berada di tengah-tengah masyarakat yang mayoritasnya pengguna bahasa Jawa. Hal inilah yang membuat masyarakat Desa Luwung Bata memiliki tantangan sendiri dalam mempertahankan bahasa Sunda.
MOTIVASI DAN KREATIVITAS MENGUATKAN KEPUASAN MENGAJAR GURU
Authors: Samsuri Samsuri
Published: March 2021

Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan motivasi mengajar dengan kepuasan mengajar guru, kreativitas mengajar dengan kepuasan mengajar guru dan motivasi dan kreativitas mengajar dengan kepuasan mengajar guru secara bersama-sama. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian korelasional. Instrumen pengambilan data yang digunakan adalah tiga buah angket untuk seluruh variabel penelitian. Teknik analisis data dengan menggunakan teknik kuantitatif korelasi. Hasil analisis angka koefisien korelasi Motivasi Mengajar dengan Kepuasan Mengajar 0,820 yang berarti ada korelasi yang sangat signifikan dan berada pada kategori korelasi yang Kuat atau Tinggi. Hasil analisis angka koefisien korelasi Kreativitas Mengajar dengan Kepuasan Mengajar 0,901 yang berarti ada korelasi yang sangat signifikan dan berada pada kategori korelasi yang Sangat Kuat atau Sangat Tinggi. Hasil analisis angka koefisien korelasi Motivasi Mengajar dan Kreativitas Mengajar dengan Kepuasan Mengajar secara bersama-sama 0,919 yang berarti sangat signifikan dan berada pada kategori korelasi yang Sangat Kuat atau Sangat Tinggi.
A Case Study on Key Success Factors of Garuda Indonesia Airlines
Authors: Ganatra Varsha , Sinha Rupesh , Chawla Pooja , Yi Tan Chi , Kee Daisy Mui Hung , Fei Neng Mei , Leng Law Sin , Hui Foung Hann , Sentosa Reinaldo Gerald , Sin Liem Gai , Gupta Apurv , Pandey Rudresh
Published: March 2021

The airline industry plays a vital role in stimulating social, and economic development. Thus, Garuda Indonesia implements various strategies and promotions to face the fast-changing pricing condition and the fierce competitive condition in the local and international markets. This study aims to systematically describe the characteristics of the factors improving Garuda Indonesia Airline’s profitability for its further opportunity exploration and to establish some limitations it is currently facing. To understand how they fully work and to provide more suggestions for the improvements of its overall operational activities, some data will be collected and analyzed.
Occurrence and Distribution of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Sediments from Nairobi River Basin, Kenya, East Africa
Authors: Osoro Enock M. , Wandiga Shem O. , Madadi Vincent O. , Abong'o Deborah A.
Published: March 2021

This study was set to determine the levels and spatial distribution of selected PBDEs in sediments of Nairobi River during the four seasons experienced in Nairobi. Sediment samples were collected from nine sites along the river and analyzed for brominated diphenyl ethers 28, 47, 66, 85, 99, 100, 153, 154, and 183 using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer. The mean concentration of polybrominated diphenyl ethers residue in sediment samples ranged between 134.70±3.07 to 24386.13±207.22 ng/Kg. The high mean concentration of PBDEs in the river sediments indicates that anthropogenic activities along the Nairobi River basin have contributed to polybrominated diphenyl ethers contamination of the river sediment posing a potential risk to aquatic organisms that inhabit the river.
Investigation for Location Preferences of MIG Household in West Zone of Surat City
Authors: Pastagia Digant A. , N. Modi Kevin
Published: March 2021

Urbanization growth in India is increasing rapidly and people migrate to the well- developed area of city for various basis. “Residential Location Preferences” refers to, how location of a house of a particular class of people gets determined by their social, economic aspects and also by potential of particular area chosen for residence. Residential location is one of the driving forces of urban dynamics. The residential location choice process has been studied for several decades using different approaches which in general shows that many factors contribute to the choice of a given location as characteristics of city infrastructure, transportation facilities, housing unit, social and environmental amenities, access to jobs, services and other economic opportunities. Urban citizens intend to live surrounding their work locations and city centre. The assessment of these ward locational preferences is done by developing the Weighted Sum Model (WSM). Study represents locational preferences of residence from MIG-1 and MIG -2 categories of residents in west zone of Surat city.
Particulates Distribution Around Smallholder Gari Production Facilities in the Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Richard Glory
Published: March 2021

This study evaluated the distribution of particulates (PM1, PM 2.5, PM 4, PM 7, PM 10, and TSP) around smallholder gari production facilities in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. The particulates were evaluated at 3 distances (3.05, 7.62, and 15.24 m) from emission source in the dry season (November, January, and March) and wet season (May, July, and September) in Delta, Bayelsa, Rivers, and Abia states. A mini-volume air sampler was used to assess the concentration of particulates, while health risk was assessed following standard protocol using median and geometric mean as reference values. The particulates ranged from 11.54 – 14.99 µg/m3, 18.70 – 22.34 µg/m3, 26.12 – 36.04 µg/m3, 37.00 – 52.26 µg/m3, 46.91 – 72.49 µg/m3 and 57.94 – 99.49 µg/m3 for PM1, PM2.5, PM4, PM7, PM10 and TSP, respectively. There were statistical variations (p<0.05) across months, distances, and locations of study and their interactions. The particulates correlates positively at p<0.01 with higher concentrations recorded for the dry season as opposed to the wet season, (indication of seasonal influence). The health risk assessment indicated a slight to moderate pollution in both seasons across the study area, which should be taken into advisement when considering long-term exposure to sensitive groups. Hence, there is a need to adopt a sustainable management of emissions due to gari production from cassava tuber.
Studi Validitas dan Reliabilitas Mindfulness in Teaching Scale Indonesia
Authors: Khairani Rullyta Nadia , Cahyadi Surya , Susanto Hery
Published: March 2021

This study was aimed to examine the validity and reliability of the Mindfulness in Teaching Scale in Indonesia (MTS-I). This research was a quantitative research. Data were collected from teachers of elementary, secondary, and high school in Bandung (n=244) using convenience sampling. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to test the two factor structures of MTS-I, Pearson product moment to test concurrent validity, and Cronbach’s alpha to test the internal consistency. Results confirmed the validity and reliability of the model. MTS-I had the same structure with the original one. MTS-I had 13 valid and reliable items which were divided into two dimensions, interpersonal mindfulness and intrapersonal mindfulness. MTS-I demonstrated construct validity with good-fit index. Furthermore, regarding concurrent validity, positive correlations were obtained between MTS-I subscales with teacher efficacy, and negative correlations were obtained between MTS-I subscales with teacher stress.
ILIZAROV APPARATUS – A BREAKTHROUGH IN ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY
Authors: Gheorghe Ana-Maria , Florea A. , Andronic O. , Stănescu M.
Published: March 2021

Dr. Gavriil Ilizarov is one of the most significant names in the orthopedic field, his innovations in bone deformities treatment, fracture management and limb lengthening being successfully used up until now. Although at first his principles were hardly accepted by his colleagues, his work was confirmed with many studies worldwide and his technique became the basis of modern practices. Ilizarov external fixator evolved from being a last resort solution to a method used to treat a great number of bone disorders. One of the most famous principle is “distraction osteogenesis” also called “callotasis” or “callus distraction”, a technique involving slow distraction of the callus in response to a corticotomy. It has the benefit of increasing both bone length and surrounding tissues. The purpose of this article is to present an overview of the history of Ilizarov apparatus, the mechanical laws that underlie it, the current clinical use, the most important complications and future research.
THE ROLE OF HIPEC IN PERITONEAL CARCINOMATOSIS DUE TO COLORECTAL CANCER – PROCEDURE, COMPLICATIONS, AND LITERATURE EVIDENCE
Authors: Slavu Iulian , Tulin Adrian , Socea Bogdan , Păduraru Dan Nicolae , Braga Vlad , Alecu Lucian
Published: March 2021

Cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC have become de pillars of treatment in advanced, metastatic colorectal cancer. This state of evolution of the disease was considered terminal just a few years ago.  It has been demonstrated that by combining these therapies in selected patients one can increase survival time. Once this has been obtained to some length modern studies have been focused on the quality of life, safety, and how this time interval can be increased. We have reviewed the most important prospective, randomized clinical trials regarding HIPEC and peritoneal carcinomatosis. The technique, complications, principles of action, and evolution through time of HIPEC have been addressed and covered. Special consideration had been given to the correlation between the carcinomatosis index and HIPEC. HIPEC with maximal cytoreduction can be considered a curative procedure only in strictly selected patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer and peritoneal carcinomatosis. Although it has been present in the medical field for almost 30 years, it is not wide-spread due to the high costs of implementation and the requirement of highly specialized surgical and medical teams. As technology evolves, the costs can be decreased and HIPEC should be largely available in oncological centers since the foundation of implementation is solid and the fact that clear benefits although small have been demonstrated. Taking into account all of the above, HIPEC should not be considered a standard treatment at present and should only be performed in experienced centers. The correct selection of patients is critical to the success of this procedure. Maximum cytoreduction should only be performed if the carcinomatosis index allows.
Applications of Multivariate Statistical and Data Mining Analyses to the Search for Biomarkers of Sensorineural Hearing Loss, Tinnitus, and Vestibular Dysfunction
Authors: Smith Paul F. , Zheng Yiwen
Published: March 2021

Disorders of sensory systems, as with most disorders of the nervous system, usually involve the interaction of multiple variables to cause some change, and yet often basic sensory neuroscience data are analyzed using univariate statistical analyses only. The exclusive use of univariate statistical procedures, analyzing one variable at a time, may limit the potential of studies to determine how interactions between variables may, as a network, determine a particular result. The use of multivariate statistical and data mining methods provides the opportunity to analyse many variables together, in order to appreciate how they may function as a system of interacting variables, and how this system or network may change as a result of sensory disorders such as sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus or different types of vestibular dysfunction. Here we provide an overview of the potential applications of multivariate statistical and data mining techniques, such as principal component and factor analysis, cluster analysis, multiple linear regression, random forest regression, linear discriminant analysis, support vector machines, random forest classification, Bayesian classification, and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, to the study of auditory and vestibular dysfunction, with an emphasis on classification analytic methods that may be used in the search for biomarkers of disease.
Thyroid Parenchyma Microcalcifications on Ultrasound for Predicting Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Prospective Multicenter Study in China
Authors: Liu Juan , Jia XiaoHong , Gu Ying , Chen Xia , Guan Ling , Yan JiPing , Zhai Hong , Zhou Na , Dong YiJie , Zhan WeiWei , Luo XiaoMao , Zhou JianQiao
Published: March 2021

Objective: Cervical lymph node metastasis (LNM) was found to be clinically significant prognostic factors of patients with papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC). Ultrasound (US) characteristics of thyroid nodules and thyroid parenchyma may be used to predict LNM. To investigate the value of nodular US features as well as thyroid parenchymal microcalcifications on US in predicting LNM in patients with PTC.

Methods: This prospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board. From January 2018 to June 2019, 971 consecutive patients with solitary PTC who underwent preoperative neck US evaluation were included from six hospitals in China. The US features of thyroid nodules as well as thyroid parenchyma microcalcifications were carefully evaluated based on the static images and dynamic clips. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine independent predictors of LNM.

Results: Of the 971 patients, 760 were female, 211 were male. According to the pathological examination, 241(24.82%) patients were found with cervical LNM (LNM positive group), while 730 (75.18%) patients were not (LNM negative group). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that young age (<55 years old) (OR = 1.522, P = 0.047), large size (>10 mm) (OR = 1.814, P < 0.001), intratumoral microcalcifications (OR = 1.782, P = 0.002) and thyroid parenchyma microcalcifications (OR = 1.635, P = 0.046) were independent risk factors for LNM of PTC.

Conclusions: Young age, large nodule size, intratumoral microcalcifications, as well as thyroid parenchyma microcalcifications on US are independent predictors of cervical LNM for patients with PTC.
Cannabidiol in Pharmacoresistant Epilepsy: Clinical Pharmacokinetic Data From an Expanded Access Program
Authors: Contin Manuela , Mohamed Susan , Santucci Margherita , Lodi Monica Anna Maria , Russo Emilio , Mecarelli Oriano , CBD LICE Italy Study Group
Published: March 2021

Background and Aim: Data on the clinical pharmacokinetics of cannabidiol (CBD) are scanty. We explored the effect of demographic and clinical variables on plasma concentrations of purified CBD in patients with Dravet (DS) and Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (LGS).

Methods: The study design was an open, prospective, multicenter expanded access program (EAP). Venous blood samples were drawn from patients between 8 and 9 am, before the CBD morning dose, 12 h apart from the last evening dose, and then 2.5 h after their usual morning dose.

Results: We collected 127 plasma samples (67-morning pre-dosing and 60 post-dosing) from 43 patients (24 females, 19 males), 27 with LGS and 16 with DS. Mean ± standard deviation age was 26 ± 15 years. Duration of CBD treatment averaged 4.2 ± 2.9 months at 13.2 ± 4.6 mg/kg/day. CBD median trough plasma concentration was 91 ng/ml; it doubled to 190 ng/ml 2.5 h post-dosing (p < 0.001). Cannabidiol trough plasma concentrations were linearly related to daily doses (r = 0.564, p < 0.001). Median trough CBD plasma concentration-to-weight-adjusted dose ratio (C/D) was 32% higher (p < 0.02) in plasma samples from subjects aged 18 and over than in those under 18. Sex and concomitant antiseizure medications (ASMs) were not associated with significant variations in CBD C/D, but caution is required due to the potential influence of confounders.

Conclusion: These are the first data on CBD pharmacokinetics in children and adults with LGS or DS in a real-world setting. The most relevant finding was the higher CBD C/D in adults. In practice, reduced weight-normalized doses might be required with aging to achieve the same CBD plasma levels.
SPICE Behaviors of Double Memristor Circuits Using Cosine Window Function
Authors: Xu Kai-Da , Li Donghao , Jiang Yannan , Chen Qiang
Published: March 2021

In this paper, a Hewlett-Packard (HP) memristor model with a new window function and its versatile characteristics are presented. SPICE behaviors of the linear and nonlinear memristor model are studied through PSpice simulation. High flexibility is demonstrated for emulating the behaviors of the practical HP memristors. Furthermore, the characteristics of the composite SPICE behaviors are both investigated when two memristors are connected in series and in parallel. The polarity of each memristor is also taken into consideration. The relationships among flux, charge, voltage, current, and memristance of the double memristor circuits are simulated and analyzed.
The Impact of Ignoring a Crossed Factor in Cross-Classified Multilevel Modeling
Authors: Kim Soyoung , Jeong Yoonhwa , Hong Sehee
Published: March 2021

The present study investigated estimate biases in cross-classified random effect modeling (CCREM) and hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) when ignoring a crossed factor in CCREM considering the impact of the feeder and the magnitude of coefficients. There were six simulation factors: the magnitude of coefficient, the correlation between the level 2 residuals, the number of groups, the average number of individuals sampled from each group, the intra-unit correlation coefficient, and the number of feeders. The targeted interests of the coefficients were four fixed effects and two random effects. The results showed that ignoring a crossed factor in cross-classified data causes a parameter bias for the random effects of level 2 predictors and a standard error bias for the fixed effects of intercepts, level 1 predictors, and level 2 predictors. Bayesian information criteria generally outperformed Akaike information criteria in detecting the correct model.
A Modular Geometrical Framework for Modelling the Force-Contraction Profile of Vacuum-Powered Soft Actuators
Authors: Gollob Samuel Dutra , Park Clara , Koo Bon Ho Brandon , Roche Ellen T.
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we present a generalized modeling tool for predicting the output force profile of vacuum-powered soft actuators using a simplified geometrical approach and the principle of virtual work. Previous work has derived analytical formulas to model the force-contraction profile of specific actuators. To enhance the versatility and the efficiency of the modelling process we propose a generalized numerical algorithm based purely on geometrical inputs, which can be tailored to the desired actuator, to estimate its force-contraction profile quickly and for any combination of varying geometrical parameters. We identify a class of linearly contracting vacuum actuators that consists of a polymeric skin guided by a rigid skeleton and apply our model to two such actuators-vacuum bellows and Fluid-driven Origami-inspired Artificial Muscles-to demonstrate the versatility of our model. We perform experiments to validate that our model can predict the force profile of the actuators using its geometric principles, modularly combined with design-specific external adjustment factors. Our framework can be used as a versatile design tool that allows users to perform parametric studies and rapidly and efficiently tune actuator dimensions to produce a force-contraction profile to meet their needs, and as a pre-screening tool to obviate the need for multiple rounds of time-intensive actuator fabrication and testing.
Canine Papillomavirus 2 E6 Does Not Interfere With UVB-Induced Upregulation of p53 and p53-Regulated Genes
Authors: Quinlan Sarah , May Susan , Weeks Ryan , Yuan Hang , Luff Jennifer
Published: March 2021

Cutaneous papillomaviruses are oncogenic viruses that cause severe, persistent infections that can develop into skin cancers within ultraviolet (UV)-exposed skin of immunodeficient individuals, such as those with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (XSCID). A canine research model of XSCID exhibits a similar phenotype; these dogs develop severe canine papillomavirus 2 (CPV2) infections that often progress to cancer. Thus, the dog is a natural, spontaneous model to investigate cutaneous papillomavirus infections in immunodeficient patients. The human papillomavirus oncogene E6 contributes to cancer development, in part, by initiating degradation of the tumor suppressor protein p53, or by inhibiting upregulation of p53-dependent genes required within the cell growth arrest and apoptotic pathways, thereby leading to an accumulation of DNA damage required for oncogenesis. Currently, little is known about CPV2, and how it promotes cancer development. The aim of this study was to determine if CPV2 oncogene E6 similarly affects p53 upon activation by UV radiation, as well as the downstream p53-regulated genes necessary to control growth arrest and apoptosis. We determined that cutaneous CPV2 E6 does not degrade p53, or interfere with the upregulation of p53-regulated genes p21, Bax, Bak, or lncRNA-p21, suggesting that CPV2 may use a p53-independent mechanism to contribute to oncogenesis.
Música y filosofía (de la música): estado de la cuestión. Una revisión de problemas, discusiones y perspectivas
Authors: Arango Carlos , Roncallo-Dow Sergio
Published: March 2021

Este trabajo indaga los principales problemas, discusiones y perspectivas en que se configura actualmente la cuestión de la filosofía de la música. Se parte de una revisión de artículos publicados en revistas de alto impacto en el panorama internacional, recuperados a través de las bases de datos Scopus y Web of Science. Los análisis se complementan, eventualmente y según el criterio de relevancia, con otras publicaciones. Los resultados sugieren un campo en expansión y especialización que atraviesa la transición entre lo que podríamos denominar la perspectiva clásica de abordaje del objeto musical y las nuevas perspectivas, donde las fronteras son cada vez más frágiles entre filosofía de la música y estética de la música, musicología y abordajes de las ciencias sociales. Como planteamiento fundamental, se defiende que los temas y preocupaciones que aparecen en la literatura son actualizaciones de viejos problemas, antes usualmente asumidos desde la racionalidad formalista, de mayor tradición que las asunciones más fenomenológicas y hermenéuticas.
Cómo pensar e investigar cuando el Estado se retira
Authors: García Miguel A.
Published: March 2021

El artículo discute las consecuencias de las políticas públicas aplicadas por el neoliberalismo en el campo de la investigación en las Ciencias Sociales y las Humanidades y, en particular, en las áreas de las disciplinas que se interesan por las expresiones musicales y sonoras. La discusión se limita a la Argentina y al período 2016-2019, en el cual gobernó una alianza de neoliberales y conservadores que llevó al poder, mediante elecciones ganadas con falsas promesas y fake news ampliamente difundidas por los medios de comunicación afines, a un grupo de empresarios y directores ejecutivos de grandes empresas.
PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR 2 AMBEUA DI ERA REVOLUSI 4.0
Authors: Felta Felta
Published: March 2021

Penguatan pendidikan karakter berbasis kearifan lokal pada era revolusi industri 4.0 di SD Negeri 2 Ambeua terlihat jelas dengan adanya penerapan yang tercermin darinilai-nilai kearifan lokal masyarakat Kaledupa. Hanya dengan berpegang teguh padanilai-nilai luhur daerah yang bersumber pada kearifan lokal masyarakat tidak akanterjebak dalam krisis identitas yang terjadi di era revolusi 4.0. Oleh karena itu, penguatanpendidikan karakter di sekolah sebaiknya menjadikan kearifan lokal sebagai basispenggalian nilai-nilai karakter bangsa sehingga Indonesia mampu menjadi bangsa yangbesar, maju, jaya, dan bermartabat.
Dictionnaires contextuels
Authors: Bedjaoui Wafa , Zemni Bahia , Almalki Hayfa , Elsaadany Marwa
Published: March 2021

Le but de cet article est de mettre en évidence les fonctionnalités des corpus en ligne à l’instar des concordanciers, notamment le dictionnaire contextuel Reverso Context. À travers cette étude exploratoire, nous cherchons à connaître les limites de ce dictionnaire contextuel en ligne de l'arabe vers le français en analysant la traduction dans le contexte des adages arabes traduits en français. Il s’agit aussi de mettre en exergue la notion de collaboration virtuelle proposée dans le cadre du dictionnaire collaboratif de Reverso Context. L’étude a également permis de décrire les prestations et les fonctionnalités proposées en ligne de ce dictionnaire ainsi que ses limites. A travers l’expérimentation de la traduction des adages et des proverbes de l’arabe vers le français, nous avons pu déduire que le dictionnaire contextuel Reverso Context présente des limites de traduction en ce qui concerne les combinaisons arabe-français. Ces limites sont d’ordre lexical, sémantique, phrastique et rhétorique. Sans oublier que ses bases de données lexicales et terminologiques sont faiblement alimentées en langue arabe.
Drivers da adoção de metodologias não tradicionais
Authors: Pereira Cleber Augusto , Oliveira Paulo Moura , Reis Manuel José Cabral dos Santos
Published: March 2021

O estudo analisou diversos documentos do curso de mestrado-integrado em Engenharia Elétrica e de Computadores de uma Universidade Pública Portuguesa. Avaliou-se quais são os drivers institucionais potencialmente responsáveis pela adoção de novas metodologias no curso. Realizou-se um estudo de caso com abordagem qualitativa baseada em métodos mistos: análise estatística aplicada a corpus textuais e complementada por análise de conteúdo. Como resultados emergiram duas classes de análise de conteúdo: competências e conhecimentos esperados dos estudantes; e aspectos da formação em Engenharia Elétrica e do ciclo de estudos. Identificaram-se sete drivers da adoção de novas metodologias no curso, com base nas teorias da difusão da inovação e teoria institucional: formação, desenvolvimento, competência, ciclo de estudos, novo, tecnologia e UC. Cada um destes drivers possui os seus próprios outcomes (resultados), 16 no total, que apresentam os efeitos percebidos pelos docentes, avaliadores de curso e coordenadores.
Historicity and Christian Life-Experience in the Early Philosophy of Martin Heidegger
Authors: Jani Anna
Published: March 2021

In his early Freiburg lectures on the phenomenology of religious life, published as his Phenomenology of Religious Life, Heidegger sought to interpret the Christian life in phenomenological terms, while also discussing the question of whether Christianity should be construed as historically defined. Heidegger thus connected the philosophical discussion of religion as a phenomenon with the character of the religious life taken in the context of factical life. According to Heidegger, every philosophical question originates from the latter, which determines such questions pre-theoretically, while the tradition of early Christianity can also only be understood historically in such terms. More specifically, he holds that the historical phenomenon of religious life as it relates to early Christianity, inasmuch as it undergirds our conception of the religious phenomenon per se, reveals the essential connection between factical life and religious life. In this way, the conception of religion that Heidegger establishes through his analyses of Paul’s Epistles takes on both theological and philosophical ramifications. Moreover, the historicity of factical life finds its fulfillment in our comprehension of the primordial form of Christianity as our very own historical a priori, determined by our own factical situation. Hence, historicity and factical life belong together within the situation that makes up the foundation of the religious life.
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ASSESSMENT OF COOPERATIVE ORGANIZATIONS IN TERTIARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Onugu Charles Uchenna , Usman Usman A. , Moore Nwamaka Chinyere
Published: March 2021

This study focused on assessing the social responsibility of cooperative organizations resident in tertiary institutions in Kaduna State, Nigeria. The population of the study was one thousand four hundred and twelve (1,412) registered members of cooperative organizations resident in tertiary institutions in Kaduna State. Using Taro Yamane’s formula with allowable error e =0.05, a sample size of three hundred and twelve (312) was used. This sample was distributed equally (at fifty-two each) among the six cooperative organizations that were selected one from each of the six tertiary institutions; the six tertiary institutions were judgmentally selected two from each senatorial zone in the State. A 5point Likert-scale measure was used. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics (percentage, mean Likert-scale) and inferential statistics (Spearman rho test). The results of the study revealed as follows: The only significant social responsibility activity carried out by cooperative organizations resident in tertiary institutions in the State was to help their host communities in providing physical infrastructural facilities (x = 3.02). Thus, the cooperative organizations have not met their social responsibilities to their host communities (P-value = 2.781; r-cal = 1.517). However, the little they have been able to do has had a positive and significant effect (P-value = 0.752; r-cal = 3.439). There are many challenges impeding the provision of social responsibility activities by these cooperative organizations; the major challenges include lack of fund, poor relationship with host communities, and hostile attitude of the host communities. The study therefore recommended that cooperative organizations in tertiary institutions in Kaduna State should strive to imbibe the culture of concern for host community as a cardinal cooperative principle.
Les inégalités en Tunisie
Authors: Boughzala Mongi , El Lahga Abdel Rahmen , Bouassida Ines , Ferjani Mondher
Published: March 2021

Cet article analyse les inégalités monétaires et non monétaires en Tunisie et essaie d’en comprendre les origines et la dynamique. Il soulève le puzzle des inégalités, ainsi que la relation entre les inégalités et les protestations sociales survenues depuis décembre 2010. Il procède à la mesure et à l’analyse des inégalités monétaires au niveau global et par région et milieu. Il montre que ces inégalités, quoique importantes et politiquement préoccupantes, sont relativement modérées et ont baissé entre 1985 et 2015. Ce résultat est cohérent avec l’évolution des principaux déterminants des inégalités de revenu, dont la croissance économique et démographique, l’emploi, la fiscalité, la protection sociale, la répartition initiale des richesses et l’accès au financement. L’analyse des dimensions non monétaires des inégalités montre que, malgré les progrès réalisés sur tout le territoire, les disparités demeurent importantes et que les inégalités des chances pour les enfants, les jeunes et les femmes sont préoccupantes. La relation entre inégalités et cohésion sociale est abordée en relation avec les causes de la révolution de 2011. Enfin, quelques pistes en matière de politiques publiques sont proposées afin de réduire les inégalités de revenu et des chances. Classification JEL A14, B55, D31, D63, I14, I24, R11
Archives et centres documentaires au Niger
Authors: Lefebvre Camille
Published: March 2021

Résumé Le Niger possède différents centres d’archives et de documentation, qui rassemblent des données très importantes, tant par la quantité que par la qualité. Il sera ici question principalement du centre de la direction des Archives nationales, ainsi que des deux autres centres documentaires localisés à Niamey intéressant le chercheur en histoire : la bibliothèque de l’Institut de Recherche en Science Humaine (IRSH) et la bibliothèque de la faculté de lettres Abdou Moumouni.