bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel method for an optimised calculation of modal analysis of girder bridge decks
Authors: Gaute-Alonso Alvaro , Garcia-Sanchez David , Ramos-Gutierrez Óscar Ramón
Published: July 2022

A correct modal analysis of girder bridge decks requires a correct characterisation of the deformation of their cross-section, governed by the longitudinal bending of the girders and the transverse bending of the slab. This paper presents a novel method that allows the modal analysis of girder bridge decks by applying a matrix formulation that reduces the structural problem to one degree of freedom for each girder: the deflection at the centre of the beam span. A parametric study is presented that analyses the structural response of 64 girder bridge decks. The study compares the dynamic structural response obtained by the proposed method with that obtained by traditional grillage calculation methods. The method is experimentally contrasted by a dynamic load test of a full-scale girder bridge. As a result of the analysis, the proposed method reflects adequate convergence with the experimental dynamic structural response. The use of the proposed novel analysis method contributes to the intelligent modelling process for the analysis of the dynamic behaviour of bridges opening the way to easily feed a Digital Twin accelerating the demands of the Decision Support System in real time.
Improved Passive Gamma Emission Tomography image quality in the central region of spent nuclear fuel
Authors: Virta Riina , Bubba Tatiana A. , Moring Mikael , Siltanen Samuli , Honkamaa Tapani , Dendooven Peter
Published: July 2022

Reliable non-destructive methods for verifying spent nuclear fuel are essential to draw credible nuclear safeguards conclusions from spent fuel. In Finland, spent fuel items are verified prior to the soon starting disposal in a geological repository with Passive Gamma Emission Tomography (PGET), a uniquely accurate method capable of rod-level detection of missing active material. The PGET device consists of two highly collimated detector banks, collecting gamma emission data from a 360° rotation around a fuel assembly. 2D cross-sectional activity and attenuation images are simultaneously computed. We present methods for improving reconstructed image quality in the central parts of the fuel. The results are based on data collected from 2017 to 2021 at the Finnish nuclear power plants with 10 fuel assembly types of varying characteristics, for example burnups from 5.7 to 55 GWd/tU and cooling times from 1.9 to 37 years. Data is acquired in different gamma energy windows, capturing the peaks of Cs-137 (at 662 keV) and Eu-154 (at 1274 keV), abundant isotopes in long-cooled spent nuclear fuel. Data from these gamma energy windows at well-chosen angles are used for higher-quality images, resulting in more accurate detection of empty rod positions. The method is shown to detect partial diversion of nuclear material also in the axial direction, demonstrated with a novel measurement series scanning over the edge of partial-length rods.
Haptic virtual surgery simulation system under field programmable analogue array-based hybrid control
Authors: Ru Sun , Yang Ting , Zhang Liang , Wang Lin , Fu Yili , Tavakoli Mahdi
Published: July 2022

In this paper, a bilateral haptic virtual surgery simulation system under a hybrid controller was studied. An analogue controller realized by a field programmable analogue array (FPAA) was paralleled in the operator robot side, which reduced the impact of controller discretisation on the system. A system stability conditions under hybrid control with multiple-operators were deduced. The stability analysis indicates that the addition of analogue derivative term widens the range of haptic controls gains that satisfy the multiple-users’ stability conditions. Finally, the human’s performance of a stiffness discrimination task was studied in an independently developed minimally invasive surgical (MIS) platform. The experiment results show that, human operators under the hybrid controller achieve the highest task success rates.
Improving genetic diagnosis by disease-specific, ACMG/AMP variant interpretation guidelines for hearing loss
Authors: Kim So Young , Kim Bong Jik , Oh Doo Yi , Han Jin Hee , Yi Nayoung , Kim Namju Justin , Park Moo Kyun , Keum Changwon , Seo Go Hun , Choi Byung Yoon
Published: July 2022

The 2018 Hearing Loss Expert Panel (HL-EP)-specific guidelines specified from the universal 2015 ACMG/AMP guidelines are proposed to be used in genetic HL, which prompted this study. A genetic HL cohort comprising 135 unrelated probands with available exome sequencing data was established. Overall, 169 variants were prioritized as candidates and interpreted using the 2015 ACMG/AMP and 2018 HL-EP guidelines. Changes in rule application and variant classification between the guidelines were compared. The concordance rate of variant classification of each variant between the guidelines was 71.60%, with significant difference. The proportion of pathogenic variants increased from 13.02% (2015) to 29.59% (2018). Variant classifications of autosomal recessive (AR) variants that previously belonged to VUS or likely pathogenic in the 2015 guidelines were changed toward pathogenic in the 2018 guidelines more frequently than those of autosomal dominant variants (29.17% vs. 6.38%, P = 0.005). Stratification of the PM3 and PP1 rules in the 2018 guidelines led to more substantial escalation than that in the 2015 guidelines. We compared the disease-specific guidelines (2018) with the universal guidelines (2015) using real-world data. Owing to the sophistication of case-level data, the HL-specific guidelines have more explicitly classified AR variants toward “likely pathogenic” or “pathogenic”, serving as potential references for other recessive genetic diseases.
Prognostic value of molecular cytology by one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) assay of peritoneal washings in advanced gastric cancer patients
Authors: Gęca Katarzyna , Skórzewska Magdalena , Rawicz-Pruszyński Karol , Mlak Radosław , Sędłak Katarzyna , Pelc Zuzanna , Małecka-Massalska Teresa , Polkowski Wojciech P.
Published: July 2022

Peritoneal dissemination is a common form of gastric cancer (GC) recurrence, despite surgery with curative intent. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of intraperitoneal lavage One-Step Nucleic Acid Amplification (OSNA) assay in advanced GC patients. OSNA assay targeting CK-19 mRNA was applied to detect free cancer cells (FCC) in intraperitoneal lavage samples obtained during gastrectomy. A total of 82 GC patients were enrolled to investigate the correlation between OSNA assay and patient’s prognosis. Of the 82 patients, OSNA assay was positive in 25 (30.5%) patients. The median OS in OSNA positive patients was significantly lower than in OSNA negative patients (19 vs 45 months). Positive OSNA assay result was a significant unfavourable prognostic factor in both, univariable (HR 3.45, 95% CI 0.95–12.48; p = 0.0030) and multivariable analysis (HR 3.10, 95% CI 1.22–8.54; p = 0.0298). Positive OSNA assay in intraperitoneal lavage is a valuable indicator of poor survival in advanced GC patients after multimodal treatment. After further confirmation on larger sample size, OSNA assay of peritoneal washings could be considered an adjunct tool to conventional cytology, the current gold standard, to provide precise intraoperative staging and additional prognostic information.
Distinct antibody clones detect PD-1 checkpoint expression and block PD-L1 interactions on live murine melanoma cells
Authors: Martins Christina , Silva Mariana , Rasbach Erik , Singh Praveen , Itoh Yuta , Williams Jason B. , Statham Edith , Meurer Anna , Martinez Daniela V. , Brandenburg Anne , Heppt Markus V. , Barthel Steven R. , Schatton Tobias
Published: July 2022

Monoclonal antibodies (abs) targeting the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint pathway have revolutionized tumor therapy. Because T-cell-directed PD-1 blockade boosts tumor immunity, anti-PD-1 abs have been developed for examining T-cell-PD-1 functions. More recently, PD-1 expression has also been reported directly on cancer cells of various etiology, including in melanoma. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of studies validating anti-PD-1 ab clone utility in specific assay types for characterizing tumor cell-intrinsic PD-1. Here, we demonstrate reactivity of several anti-murine PD-1 ab clones and recombinant PD-L1 with live B16-F10 melanoma cells and YUMM lines using multiple independent methodologies, positive and negative PD-1-specific controls, including PD-1-overexpressing and PD-1 knockout cells. Flow cytometric analyses with two separate anti-PD-1 ab clones, 29F.1A12 and RMP1-30, revealed PD-1 surface protein expression on live murine melanoma cells, which was corroborated by marked enrichment in PD-1 gene (Pdcd1) expression. Immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation, and mass spectrometric sequencing confirmed PD-1 protein expression by B16-F10 cells. Recombinant PD-L1 also recognized melanoma cell-expressed PD-1, the blockade of which by 29F.1A12 fully abrogated PD-1:PD-L1 binding. Together, our data provides multiple lines of evidence establishing PD-1 expression by live murine melanoma cells and validates ab clones and assay systems for tumor cell-directed PD-1 pathway investigations.
Optimal peripheral nerve stimulation intensity for paired associative stimulation with high-frequency peripheral component in healthy subjects
Authors: Pohjonen Markus , Nyman Anna-Lena , Kirveskari Erika , Arokoski Jari , Shulga Anastasia
Published: July 2022

Paired associative stimulation (PAS) with high-frequency peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS), called “high-PAS”, induces motor-evoked potential (MEP) potentiation in healthy subjects and improves muscle activity and independence in incomplete spinal cord injury patients. Data on optimal PNS intensity in PAS are scarce. In a high-PAS protocol, PNS intensity is defined as “minimal intensity required to produce F-responses”. We sought to further refine this definition and to investigate how PNS intensity affects PAS outcome. Two experiments were performed on 10 healthy subjects where MEP amplitude change was measured 0, 30, and 60 min after PAS. In the first experiment, the intensity required to achieve 7/10 persistence of F-responses was used to define PNS intensity level. In the second experiment, we used the intensity required to achieve 1/10 persistence (“baseline”). In addition, we applied this intensity at + 25%, − 25%, and − 50% levels. In the first experiment, PAS did not produce significant MEP potentiation. In the second experiment, PAS produced statistically significant MEP potentiation, with PNS intensity of “baseline” and “baseline − 25%” levels but not at + 25% or − 50% levels. In conclusion, for PAS utilizing high-frequency PNS, the intensity required to achieve 1/10 F-response persistence or the intensity 25% lower produces significant MEP potentiation in healthy subjects.
GO/iron series systems enhancing the pH shock resistance of anaerobic systems for sulfate-containing organic wastewater treatment
Authors: Wang Longyu , Li Haoyang , Wang Xiao , Liu Xiaofeng , Ma Weiqing , Zhou Guangji , Liang Qiaochu , Lan Huixia
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we studied the pH shock resistance mechanism of GO/iron series from the perspectives of the treatment effect, changes in effluent pH and VFA, and microbial co-metabolic stability, providing a reference for the practical application.
Eumelanin pigment precursor 2-carboxy-5,6-dihydroxyindole and 2-amino-6-methylbenzothiazole chromophore integration towards melanin inspired chemoresponsive materials: the case of the Zn2+ ion
Authors: Mocerino Fabio , Pezzella Alessandro , Caruso Ugo
Published: July 2022

The 2-amino-6-methylbenzothiazole chromophore is introduced at the carboxyl group of the melanin precursor 2-carboxy-5,6-dihydroxyindole achieving a novel dihydroxyindole derivative with metal chelation properties not involving the catechol moiety.
Structural evolution of soil aggregates in a karst rocky desertification area
Authors: Li Chunjie , Guo Shili
Published: July 2022

Desertification and karst landforms are widespread in the water source area of the middle route project of south-to-north water diversion in China, which may have an impact on the safety of reservoir water quality.
Co-improving the electrocatalytic performance and H2S tolerance of a Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6−δ based anode for solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Xu Chunming , Zhang Lihong , Sun Wang , Ren Rongzheng , Yang Xiaoxia , Ma Minjian , Qiao Jinshuo , Wang Zhenhua , Zhen Shuying , Sun Kening
Published: July 2022

Ti-doping enhancing the ability of SFM to resist H2S corrosion, the diffusion and surface adsorption process of oxygen and the reaction kinetics have been significantly improved.
Manipulation of peptide-fatty acid bioconjugates on graphene: effects of fatty acid chain length and attachment point
Authors: Perdomo Yuliana , Jin Ruitao , Parab Atul D. , Knecht Marc R. , Walsh Tiffany R.
Published: July 2022

We demonstrate that attachment of fatty acids to graphene-binding peptides modulate interfacial interactions and structures, for enhancing sensing device applicability.
Three-dimensional cage zinc triazine framework compound: Fluorescence sensing of aromatic compounds containing NO2/OH groups
Authors: Liu Min , Wang Mei Yan , Huo Rong , Wang Chen , Xing Yong Heng , Bai Feng Ying , Xu Fen
Published: July 2022

A new compound was synthesized by the solvothermal method. The experimental results showed that compound 1 has a smart good fluorescence sensing ability for nitro aromatic compounds (NACs) and hydroquinone (HQ).
Joint Profile Characteristics of Long-Latency Transient Evoked and Distortion Otoacoustic Emissions
Authors: Pacheco Devon , Rajagopal Nandhini , Prieve Beth A. , Nangia Shikha
Published: July 2022

Purpose:

In clinical practice, otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are interpreted as either “present” or “absent.” However, OAEs have the potential to inform about etiology and severity of hearing loss if analyzed in other dimensions. A proposed method uses the nonlinear component of the distortion product OAEs together with stimulus frequency OAEs to construct a joint reflection–distortion profile. The objective of the current study is to determine if joint reflection–distortion profiles can be created using long-latency (LL) components of transient evoked OAEs (TEOAEs) as the reflection-type emission.

Method:

LL TEOAEs and the nonlinear distortion OAEs were measured from adult ears. Individual input–output (I/O) functions were created, and OAE level was normalized by dividing by the stimulus level yielding individual gain functions. Peak strength, compression threshold, and OAE level at compression threshold were derived from individual gain functions to create joint reflection–distortion profiles.

Results:

TEOAEs with a poststimulus window starting at 6 ms had I/O functions with compression characteristics similar to LL TEOAE components. The model fit the LL gain functions, which had
R
2
> .93, significantly better than the nonlinear distortion OAE gain functions, which had
R
2
= .596–.99. Interquartile ranges for joint reflection–distortion profiles were larger for compression threshold and OAE level at compression threshold but smaller for peak strength than those previously published.

Conclusions:

The gain function fits LL TEOAEs well. Joint reflection–distortion profiles are a promising method that could enhance diagnosis of hearing loss, and use of the LL TEOAE in the profile for peak strength may be important because of narrow interquartile ranges.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20323593
Quantification of behavioural variation among sheep grazing on pasture using accelerometer sensors
Authors: Almasi F. , Nguyen H. , Heydarian D. , Sohi R. , Nikbin S. , Jenvey C. J. , Halliwell E. , Ponnampalam E. N. , Desai A. , Jois M. , Stear M. J.
Published: July 2022

Context Monitoring the behaviour of animals can provide early warning signs of disease or indicate loss of appetite. Also, an understanding of the variation in behaviours among animals and their distributions is essential for meaningful statistical inference. Therefore, quantifying the variation of behaviours is of both biological and statistical interest. Aim The objectives of this study were to determine the distributions and quantify the variation among animals with respect to the times spent grazing, ruminating, idling, walking, and licking. Methods The activities of 147 (male = 67, female = 80) Merino lambs at 10–11 months of age on a commercial farm in Edenhope, Victoria, Australia were recorded for 26 days, using ActiGraph accelerometer sensors attached to the left side of the sheep’s muzzle. The male and female sheep were kept in separate paddocks. A Support Vector Machine algorithm was used to differentiate sheep behaviour into six categories: grazing, ruminating, idling, walking, licking, and other activities. The distributions of behaviours were analysed using energy statistics-based tests and Generalised Additive Models for Location, Scale, and Shape (GAMLSS). Different distributions were compared using Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) values. Key results Among the distributions that were considered, we found that times spent ruminating in both male and female sheep populations as well as idling in male sheep were best described by the skew exponential type 2 distribution. Grazing, walking and licking behaviours were best described by the Box–Cox t distribution. The distribution of time spent grazing was symmetrical and unimodal in males, and adequately modelled by a normal distribution, but the distribution in females had a prominent left skew. Also, we found that females typically grazed for a longer time than males. However, males spent more time ruminating than grazing. Conclusions The time spent by the animal in each activity varied during the day. Within each population, the variation among animals in the time spent grazing was best described by a Box–Cox t distribution. Implications This study has enhanced our understanding of grazing behaviour and will facilitate more appropriate analyses of the causes of variation among animals in grazing behaviour.
Under the shadow of swords: The Rhetoric of Jihad
Authors: Patterson Katie J.
Published: July 2022

The ideological discourse of Jihadist groups like Al Qaeda or Islamic State is largely built on the use of persuasive techniques which act as instruments for radicalisation and recruitment, and more generally, “convince the audience of the veracity of the doctrine presented” (Adam 2017: 5). This article explores the use of metaphor as an important rhetorical and ideological dimension to jihadist texts. Current findings suggest that religious writings often make use of rich conceptual metaphors to convey distinctive ideological perspectives (Prentice, Rayson and Taylor 2012), for instance, the well-known journey conceptual metaphor, with the image schemata of a path, leading towards a better life, reward in an afterlife, moral choice, hope, and a closeness to God (Jäkel 2002). Specifically, the research adopts a Critical Metaphor Analysis framework (Charteris-Black 2004), which combines Corpus Linguistics with Cognitive Linguistics and Critical Discourse Analysis. The data for this study is taken from a collection of jihadist online magazines. The corpus has been compared against the Qur’an in order to ascertain whether jihadist propaganda writers are inspired by conventional religious tropes as a way of giving authority to their doctrines. The results show that religiously inspired concepts do indeed help the writers to anchor their message to a deeply seated and authoritative set of ideologies. At the same time, semantic and pragmatic differences in the use of these metaphors suggest an ability to manipulate pre-existing conceptualisations in order to fulfil the communicative needs of the writers, i.e. to embody the principles of jihadism. The findings presented here focus on the following domains: religion as a journey; light as good; heat as fighting; and spirituality as nature.
Physical activity measured by accelerometry among adolescents participating in sports clubs and non‐participating peers
Authors: Toivo K. , Vähä‐Ypyä H. , Kannus P. , Tokola K. , Alanko L. , Heinonen O. J. , Korpelainen R. , Parkkari J. , Savonen K. , Selänne H. , Kokko S. , Kujala U. M. , Villberg J. , Vasankari T.
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this descriptive cross‐sectional study is to describe the amount and intensity of physical activity (PA) measured by accelerometry among adolescents participating in organized sports (SCP) and age‐matched non‐participating peers (NP). SCPs (332) and NPs (139) wore an accelerometer on the hip for seven days. PA was reported using the 1‐min exponential moving average. The current moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA) recommendation of at least an average of 60 min of MVPA daily was reached by 85% of SCPs and 45% of NPs (p < .001). During training days, the MVPA times among SCPs ranged from 153 ± 39 min in males and 109 ± 35 min in females participating in basketball to 113 ± 33 min in males participating in floorball and 83 ± 32 min in females participating in gymnastics. Sports participation contributes rather strongly to the accumulation of the recommended amount of MVPA. During training days, SCPs, except for females participating in gymnastics, accumulated more MVPA than NPs. During non‐training days, only males participating in cross‐country skiing and females participating in track and field accumulated more MVPA than NPs.
How many phases nucleate in the bidimensional Potts model?
Authors: Corberi Federico , Cugliandolo Leticia F , Esposito Marco , Mazzarisi Onofrio , Picco Marco
Published: July 2022

We study the kinetics of the two-dimensional q > 4-state Potts model after a shallow quench to a temperature slightly below the critical one and above the pseudo spinodal. We use numerical methods and we focus on intermediate values of q, 4 < q ⩽ 100. We show that, initially, the system evolves as if it were quenched to the critical temperature: the configurations exhibit correlations that are indistinguishable from the ones in equilibrium at T
c(q) over longer and longer length scales as time elapses. The further decay from the metastable state occurs by nucleation of an average number k out of the q possible phases. For a given quench temperature, k is a logarithmically increasing function of the system size, bounded by q. This unusual finite size dependence is a consequence of a scaling property underlying the nucleation phenomenon for these parameters.
Quick Response (QR) Code Assisted Learning Media on System Materials for Distance Learning Sky Coordinates
Authors: Serevina Vina , Nurhasanah Dewi , Shaladsha
Published: July 2022

This study discusses whether there is an increase in learning carried out by students on the use of multimedia assisted by QR code on the material eye of the sky coordinate system which in its implementation uses the google meet platform. This study used experimental research methods by pretest and posttest. Based on the results of the evaluation that had been carried out on 10 students of Senior High School 51 Jakarta, Indonesia using the pretest and posttest, the average pretest results were 78.00 and the average posttest results were 87.12 using the Paired sample T-test. It can be concluded that there is a difference in the average learning outcomes between the pretest and posttest, meaning that there is an increase in learning in the material of the sky coordinate system after using multimedia assisted by QR code. This online learning tool can be said to be very good and suitable for use in the material of the sky coordinate system. So, multimedia assisted by QR code is effective and suitable for the learning process of the sky coordinate system.
Tool modelling system of atwood machine with remote control of released objects for tracker video analysis
Authors: Asrizal  , Pratiwi Trisna , Yohandri
Published: July 2022

An interesting physical phenomenon to observe is the dynamics of motion. A physics tool to observe the dynamics of motion phenomena can be used Atwood machine. From the result of observation, it was known that the Atwood machine experiment was still done manually by using the ruler and stopwatch to determine the velocity and acceleration of a falling object. Besides that, the Atwood machine experiment manually had a big error and was unable to visualize the results of the experiment. A solution to solve this problem is to use a tracker video analysis and tool modeling. The analysis result on the tracker can display the position graph, the velocity graph, the acceleration graph, and the rope tension graph. Based on the data analysis, It can be stated third research results. First, the tool modeling system of atwood machine with remote control has good performance specifications. Second, the accuracy and precision of the tool modeling system of Atwood machine with remote control can be put in the high category. Third, the tool modeling system of atwood machine with remote control is able to display the characteristics of linier motion with constant acceleration and linier motion with constant velocity.
Development of online learning implementation plan (LIP) based entrepreneurship-based learning on static fluid material
Authors: Meganingtyas Devi Eka Wardani , Serevina Vina , Valentina Febi , Soraya Sofiyan
Published: July 2022

This study aims to produce a Physics Learning Implementation Plan model based on Entrepreneurship Based Learning on Static Fluids for students at Public High School 6, Karawang, Indonesia which can be used as a learning resource for teachers. This research used a Research and Development (R&D) model through Validation conducted by curriculum experts and material experts. The lesson plans were developed and tested on 7 high school teachers in Karawang Regency. The data analysis technique used quantitative descriptive analysis on the results of the validation scores. This study resulted on a Physics Learning Implementation Plan model based on entrepreneurship learning on Static Fluids for students at Public High School 6, Karawang, Indonesia. With the presentation of assessments from 2 curriculum experts of 79% (good), from 2 material experts of 80% (good), and teacher trials of 78.6% (good), the results of this research on the Physics LIP based on entrepreneurship learning model on static fluid material for students at Public High School 6, Karawang, Indonesia, with in the result of final product was 79.2% (good).
The Development and Usability of a Force and Motion Digital Game using Game-based learning (GBL) among Student Teachers in Malaysia
Authors: Lau Jim Tze Ho , Tho Siew Wei , Radzwan Afiq
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to develop and evaluate the usability of a Force and Motion Digital Game using Game-based learning (GBL) among physics student teachers in tertiary education. The research design of this study was developmental research based on the Instructional Design-Digital Game Based Learning model (ID-DGBL model). A group of samples of 21 student teachers were chosen using cluster sampling methods for the usability test of the developed game. A questionnaire instrument was used to collect the usability data of the developed game adapted from the user testing on game. The data collected was analysed using descriptive statistics such as percentage, mean and standard deviation. Based on the findings, the percentage of expert’s agreement for the developed game and questionnaire in the validity process were 100%, while the overall mean score for the usability of the developed game was 4.74 (SD=0.33) including the constructs of Game Usability (GU), Playability (PL), and Learning Content (LC). In the conclusion, the developed game was valid and reliable, as well as suitable to be used as game-based learning for the topic of Force and Motion. In the implication, the developed game was able to complement the conventional learning process by using the game-based learning.
The Effectiveness of E-Simulation with Asynchronous Learning Concept to Improving Students Uderstanding in Physics Education Department FKIP Indonesia Open University
Authors: Zakirman  , Fendriani Yoza , Rahayu Chichi
Published: July 2022

This research is motivated by the constraints of students in the Physics Education of FKIP UT who run the concept of asynchronous learning to carry out practical/demonstration activities during course tutorial activities so that it has an impact on low understanding and learning outcomes. E-simulation is here as a solution to improve understanding and strengthen theory for students during tutorial activities. This type of research is a quasi-experimental study involving a sample class of students taking mechanics courses in the 2021.1 Academic Year in Physics Education department FKIP UT. The data collection instrument in this study was an assessment sheet for student learning outcomes in the form of multiple-choice tests, and analysed using the paired sample t-test. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the use of e-simulation can significantly improve students’ understanding with a sig value. 2 tailed 0.000. E-simulation will continue to be developed by the Physics Education department of FKIP UT in order to improve the quality of learning and provide better quality distance education services.
The Validity of STEM Integrated Electronic Learning Material on Elasticity Material to Improve Students’ 21st Century Skills
Authors: Asrizal  , Mardian Vivi , Festiyed
Published: July 2022

The development of science and technology is marked by the high competition of society in improving quality education. Quality education refers to the curriculum that the government has set, namely the 2013 curriculum. Teachers have not provided learning tools that follow the demands of the 2013 curriculum. The learning material used by teachers was not attractive and did not follow the development of science and technology, and have not integrated STEM, as evidenced by the percentage of availability STEM 48%. Teachers need learning materials that are practical, attractive, easy to understand, and economical to support the teaching and learning process. The purpose of this research was to determine the validity of developing STEM integrated electronic learning material on elasticity materials to improve students’ 21st-century skills. The research method is research and development by applying the Plomp model. The average validation result of the five experts is 88.0, which belongs to the high category. Therefore, research on developing STEM integrated electronic learning material can be applied during online and offline learning.
Biotechnology Topics Analysis: A Preliminary Study of STEM Based-Science Practicum Book for Secondary
Authors: Putri Rahmah Evita , Diliarosta Skunda , Oktavia Rani
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyse biotechnology topics for the STEM based-science practicum book. Preliminary study is need to be done before further research, especially for research and development or quasi experiment research. Biotechlogy is one popular topic from secondary school. Biotechnology constitutes a scientific study in science and technology which experiences rapid growth in recent years. The result shows that biotechology topics contain four basic elements to learn science such as fact, concept, principle and procedural. Biotechnology topic also had A1 until A5 level of affective skill and C1 until C4 level of knowledge skill and also P1 until P4 level of psychomotor skill. Every skill level on biotechlogy topic shows compability with the STEM framework. Biotechnology topics also led to a lot of integrated practicum activity especially for student in secondary school. Therefore, biotechnology topics is a compability topic for STEM Based-Science Practicum Book….
College Students’ Conceptual Understanding of Force and Motion: Research Focus on Resource Theory
Authors: Taqwa Muhammad Reyza Arief , Sulman Fauzan , Faizah Revnika
Published: July 2022

This is a descriptive study that aims to reveal students’ conceptual understanding of force and motion topics. In this study, we focus our review on resource theory. This research was conducted on 86 first-year physics undergraduate students. The research instrument consisted of ten reasoned multiple-choice questions that were feasible based on the criteria of validity, reliability, discriminant index, and difficulty index. The data are in the form of quantitative data and qualitative data. Quantitative were obtained from students’ conceptual understanding scores. Quantitative data were analyzed by determining descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were obtained from students’ reasons. The data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman technique. We use this data to analyze resources that were activated by students when they answered the questions. The results of the research analysis showed that the students’ conceptual understanding was in a low category. Some resources that were activated by students were (1) no acceleration at a constant speed (in uniform circular motion case), (2) at the lowest point the tension in the rope is maximum, (3) order to win, a bigger force is needed, and (4) friction is only affected by the characteristics of the plane surface.
Interactive design of physics learning media: The role of teachers and students in a teaching innovation
Authors: Rahim Fanny Rahmatina , Sari Silvi Yulia , Sundari Putri Dwi , Aulia Fauzan , Fauza Naila
Published: July 2022

This paper reports how potential users are involved in the design of interactive learning media. This paper describes the responses of teachers and students about how learning media are applied in schools, a detailed description of the desired learning media and how learning media contribute to improve student learning outcomes. This research used quantitative and qualitative methods. The instruments were questionnaires and interview sheets for teachers and students. The data from research instruments of students included learning styles, responses to using learning media in the classroom, and responses to HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skill) questions. The data from the teachers included their activities in the opening, core, and closure activity. In general, the media was expected to increase the enthusiasm and motivation of students in learning. For this reason, learning media that contains challenging questions and multimedia that attract students’ attention are developed based on media development indicators.
Validity and Practicality of Guided Discovery Learning-Based Chemistry E-Module for Class XII High School
Authors: Yerimadesi  , Wahyuni Zahra Ade , Andromeda  , Guspatni  , Pradipta Aruna , Khaira Ulfa , Mareza Amanda
Published: July 2022

E-module is an alternative teaching material that can be used in chemistry learning process. This study aims to analyze the validity and practicality of the chemistry e-module which is based on guided discovery learning model. This research is educational research design using Plomp development model. Research instruments were validity and practicality questionnaires. Subjects in this study were 17 validators consisting of 11 lecturers and 6 chemistry teachers and 84 practitioners consisting of 6 chemistry teachers and 78 high school students. Research data were analyzed with CVR and CVI formula, kappa moment and Aiken’s V. The result of the construct validity showed a very high category of validation (k=0.90). The result of media validity also showed a high category of validation (k=0.90). The result of content validity showed a high category of validation (CVI=0.98). The result of the practicality test showed a high practicality category, V=0.90 for teachers’ responses and V= 0.84 for students’ responses in the small group test, and V=0.81 for students’ responses in the field test. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the chemistry e-module which is based on guided discovery learning model is highly valid and practical for chemistry learning in senior high schools.
Validity and reliability to instruments of student’s initial competence for development of physics learning games integrated with scientific literacy
Authors: Afrizon R , Hidayati  , Novitri L
Published: July 2022

Use of monotonous physics learning media makes online learning methods considered less effective in the 4.0 revolution era. Physics learning games developed must be in accordance with the needs and demand 4.0 revolution. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the initial conditions of high school students in the city of Padang with one of the instruments being the initial competency instrument. The purpose of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of students’ initial competence instruments for the development of physics learning games containing scientific literacy. This type of research is descriptive research. Samples were taken using volunteer sampling technique. The number of instruments being tested is 35 items/questions. The instrument trial has been carried out in class X SMA Negeri 8 Padang with 44 students. The instrument trials were analyzed using SPSS and excel applications. From the results of the analysis that has been carried out, there are 16 valid and reliable questions, and 4 questions have been revised. Thus, some of the students’ initial competency instruments for the development of physics learning games containing scientific literacy are valid and moderate reliable so that they can be used to determine students’ initial competencies.
Compact LumiCal prototype tests for future e+e− colliders
Authors: Ghenescu V.
Published: July 2022

The FCAL collaboration is preparing large-scale prototypes of special calorimeters to be used in the very forward region at future electron-positron colliders for instant luminosity measurement and a precise measurement of integrated luminosity and for assisting beam-tuning. LumiCal is designed as silicon-tungsten sandwich calorimeter with very thin sensor planes to keep the Molière radius small, thus facilitating the measurement of electron showers in the presence of background. Dedicated FE electronics has been developed to match the timing and dynamic range requirements. A partially instrumented prototype was investigated in a 1 to 5 GeV electron beam at the DESY II synchrotron. In the recent beam tests, a multi-plane compact prototype equipped with thin detector planes fully assembled with readout electronics were installed in 1 mm gaps between tungsten plates of one radiation length thickness. High statistics data were used to perform sensor alignment, and to measure the longitudinal and transversal shower development.
A Panda fiber temperature sensor up to 900°C
Authors: Hokkanen A. , Salmi A. , Vashistha V. , Nyman M , Nielsen S.K. , Jensen T. , Jessen M. , Wälchli B. , Kapulainen M. , Naulin V. , Tala T. , Aalto T.
Published: July 2022

The use of Panda-type polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber
for the localized sensing of high temperatures was analyzed with
simulations and experiments up to 900°C. Accuracy and
repeatability of the results started to decline above
800°C. Fused silica optical fiber melts at 1700°C,
which sets an ultimate limit for measurable temperatures. In
practice, optical fiber birefringence restricts the maximum
temperature to 1060°C where PM fiber loses its ability to
maintain polarization. Three sensor fibers (4, 5 and 10 cm long)
were spliced at 45° angles to input/output fibers and
calibrated in an oven from room temperature to 850–900°C
temperature range. Two superluminescent light-emitting diodes
(SLEDs) were coupled together as a broadband light
source. Birefringence-induced change of the polarization in the
sensor fiber was measured with a polarization splitter and an
optical spectrum analyzer (OSA) as a function of the
wavelength. Temperature-dependent birefringence generates a
sinusoidal reflection spectrum from the input polarization mode to
the orthogonal output polarization mode. Temperature changes could
be concluded from variations in these spectra. Finally, a small
fusion device, NORTH, at DTU, Denmark was successfully used as a
testbed to make sure that the sensors can handle transportation and
the instrumentation required for vacuum operation and still produce
sensible data from a harsh environment.
Microbulk Micromegas in non-flammable mixtures of argon and neon at high pressure
Authors: Iguaz F.J. , Dafni T. , Canellas C. , Castel J.F. , Cebrián S. , Garza J.G. , Irastorza I.G. , Luzón G. , Mirallas H. , Ruiz-Chóliz E.
Published: July 2022

We report on a systematic characterization of microbulk
Micromegas readouts in high-pressure Ar+1%iC4H10 and
Ne+2%iC4H10 mixtures. Experimental data on gain, electron
transmission and energy resolution are presented for a wide range of
drift and amplification voltages and pressures from 1 bar to
10 bar for the argon mixture and from 5 bar to 10 bar in the neon
mixture, in steps of 1 bar. Maximum gains higher than
1.7 × 103 (1.7 × 104) in the argon (neon) mixture are
measured for all pressures, without the significant decrease with
pressure typically observed in other amplification structures. A
competitive energy resolution at 22.1 keV, but with a slight
degradation with pressure, is observed: from 10.8% at 1 bar to
15.6% FWHM at 10 bar in Ar+1%iC4H10 and from 8.3% at
5 bar to 15.0% FWHM at 10 bar in Ne+2%iC4H10. The
experimental setup, procedure and the results will be presented and
discussed in detail. The work is motivated by the TREX-DM
experiment, that is operating in the Laboratorio Subterráneo de
Canfranc with the mentioned mixtures, although the results may be of
interest for other applications of time projection chambers at high
pressures.
Quantum conditional probabilities
Authors: Pérez Ignacio , Luis Alfredo
Published: July 2022

We investigate the consistency of conditional quantum probabilities. This is whether there is compatibility between the Kolmogorov–Bayes conditional probabilities and the Born rule. We show that they are not compatible in the sense that there are situations where there is no legitimate density matrix that may reproduce the conditional statistics of the other observable via the Born rule. This is to say that the Gleason theorem does not apply to conditional probabilities. Moreover, we show that when this occurs the joint statistics is nonclassical. We show that conditional probabilities are not equivalent to state reduction, so these results do not affect the validity of the Lüders expression.
Discontinuous percolation transitions in cluster merging processes
Authors: Cho Y S , Kahng B
Published: July 2022

The cluster merging process was regarded as the central kinetics of a sol–gel transition and was solved analytically by Ziff. Since then, it has been applied to diverse phenomena, such as the evolution of social networks and spread of epidemic diseases. The sol–gel transition is applied to the robustness of complex networks with regard to the percolation transition. Percolation transition is regarded as a robust continuous transition; however, in complex systems, diseases or rumors can spread rapidly. Hence, it has been challenging to modify percolation models such that they exhibit a discontinuous transition that explains abruptly changing phenomena. Recently, researchers argued that a discontinuous percolation transition can occur when a network evolves under a rule with global information. In this study, we review earlier studies on percolation models that exhibit discontinuous transitions, focusing particularly on models with cluster-merging kinetics.
Spatiotemporal Change of Chl-a Concentration in Jakarta Bay using Sentinel-2 Multispectral Imageries
Authors: Indriyaningtyas S , Setiawan F , Lubis R F , Bakti H , Widyatmanti W
Published: July 2022

Jakarta Bay is the estuary of 13 rivers that flows through Jakarta Metropolitan areas. Consequently, nutrients and pollutants accumulate in Jakarta Bay and lead to eutrophication. Therefore, monitoring the water quality of Jakarta Bay is essential to support integrated river coastal management. Chlorophyll a (Chl-a) concentration is one of the essential parameters in describing water environment conditions. For large and dynamic areas, Chl-a concentration distribution monitoring requires multi-temporal remote sensing data. This study examines remote sensing data and methods combined with on-site measurement to get more accurate and effective Chl-a spatiotemporal analysis approaches. We estimate Chl-a concentration of Jakarta Bay during 2016-2021 using selected Sentinel-2A and Sentinel-2B images. We conducted an atmospheric correction using a C2RCC (Case 2 Regional Coast Colour) processor and obtained Chl-a concentration from the embedded Neural Network model. The results showed that the model could retrieve Chl-a concentration with an R2 of 0.79 and the root mean square error of 31.75 mg/m3. Time-series results reveal an increase of maximum Chl-a concentration during 2016-2021. Our remotely sensed estimation results well-captured the change of temporal and spatial of Chl- a concentration in the Jakarta Bay. It provides the public and policymakers valuable information to support integrated river coastal sustainable management of Jakarta Metropolitan
Registration Strategy of Handheld Scanner (HS) and Terrestrial Laser Scanner Integration for Building Utility Mapping
Authors: Widyastuti Ratri , Saptari Asep Yusup , Rahman Arif
Published: July 2022

Currently, the need for a 3D model that represents the existing condition of a building is needed, especially for building management. While performed the 3D mapping of building utilities such as pipelines in buildings, the Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) technology couldn’t cover the object in the ceiling, so Handheld Scanner (HS) was used to complete the scanned objects. The purpose of this article is conducting the process of mapping between HS and TLS for building pipelines. The integration between two different sensor resolutions and sensor scan coverage requires a separate strategy to generate 3D models for pipeline objects in building. The use of specific target and 3D transformation method could do the registration between two set of point clouds which was obtained by two different technologies. The target object, such as spherical object which is usually used as a tie point between scan results in the registration process, cannot be recorded by HS. The specific targets were pasted on the pipelines in order to be captured by the HS. The specific targets become tie point in the registration process. Meanwhile, the registration process using the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm cannot be carried out because the two scan results do not meet the overlap percentage standard, so that the 3D transformation would be used in registration process. The result is that the registration accuracy is 0.062 m.