bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heritage Appreciation and Awareness: A Child Educational Approach Exploiting Animated Video
Authors: Bian Xin , Brown André , Marques Bruno
Published: January 2025

This article describes the motivation, aims, and consequent processes involved in designing an engaging and informative animated educational video that explains the historical exploitation of the Mount Dagushan iron ore mine in China. The mine is recognised as the deepest in China. It has been the source of raw material for the Anshan Steel Factory, which is now formally acknowledged as a significant example of heritage architecture. The effectiveness of an animated video created by the authors, regarding knowledge and appreciation of industrial heritage, has been investigated through user testing of early primary school students (grades one to six). The research presented here reports on the success of instructional design using digital storytelling as an animated video in conveying knowledge of industrial heritage, and its associated cultural and societal influences. This has included gathering primary education students' feedback and opinions in China through a survey. The research aims to illustrate how Industrial Heritage education can foster engagement in, and awareness of, important connected histories.
Artificial Intelligence‐Guided Identification of IGFBP7 as a Critical Indicator in Lactic Metabolism Determines Immunotherapy Response in Stomach Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Minghua , Guo Xiaofei , Liu Xuyun , Huang Lei , Yang Chuang
Published: January 2025

Due to considerable tumour heterogeneity, stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) has a poor prognosis and varies in response to treatment, making it one of the main causes of cancer‐related mortality globally. Recent data point to a significant role for metabolic reprogramming, namely dysregulated lactic acid metabolism, in the evolution of STAD and treatment resistance. This study used a series of artificial intelligence‐related approaches to identify IGFBP7, a Schlafen family member, as a critical factor in determining the response to immunotherapy and lactic acid metabolism in STAD patients. Computational analyses revealed that a high lactic metabolism (LM) state was associated with poor survival in STAD patients. Further biological network‐based investigations identified a key subnetwork closely linked to LM. Machine learning techniques, such as random forest and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, highlighted IGFBP7 as a crucial indicator in STAD. Functional annotations showed that IGFBP7 expression was linked to important immune and inflammatory pathways. In vitro experiments demonstrated that silencing IGFBP7 suppressed cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, heightened susceptibility to several chemotherapeutic drugs was linked to elevated IGFBP7 levels. In conclusion, this work sheds light on the mechanisms by which the lactate metabolism‐related indicator IGFBP7 affects the tumour immune milieu and the response to immunotherapy in STAD. The results point to IGFBP7 as a possible therapeutic target and predictive biomarker for the treatment of STAD.
Foxk2 Enhances Adipogenic Differentiation by Relying on the Transcriptional Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator‐Activated Receptor Gamma
Authors: Zhang Shan , You Yanru , Li Ran , Li Mingcong , Li Yachong , Yuan Hairui , Zhou Jie , Zhen Ruonan , Liu Ying , Wang Baoli , Zhu Endong
Published: January 2025

Proper differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) into adipocytes is crucial for maintaining skeletal homeostasis. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain incompletely understood, posing a challenge for the treatment of age‐related osteopenia and osteoporosis. Here, through comprehensive gene expression analysis during BMSC differentiation into adipocytes, we identified the forkhead transcription factor Foxk2 as a key regulator of this process. Foxk2 expression was significantly higher in the inguinal and epididymal white adipose tissues of db/db mice compared to non‐obese db/m controls and was induced in BMSCs, C3H/10 T1/2, and ST2 cells following adipogenic stimulation. Overexpression of Foxk2 promoted adipogenic differentiation of C3H/10 T1/2, ST2, and BMSCs, accompanied by increased expression of lipogenic factors. Conversely, Foxk2 silencing inhibited adipogenic differentiation. Moreover, Foxk2 also facilitated lipogenesis of C3H/10 T1/2 and ST2 cells. Adipogenic stimuli triggered the nuclear translocation of Foxk2 through PI3‐kinase and mTOR signalling pathways. Once in the nucleus, Foxk2 is directly bound to the promoters of Pparγ1 and Pparγ2, thereby enhancing their transcriptional activity. Notably, PPARγ1 and PPARγ2 reciprocally augmented the transcriptional activity of the Foxk2 promoter, indicating the presence of a Foxk2‐PPARγ positive feedback loop that drives adipogenesis.
METTL3‐Mediated m6A Modification of ISG15 mRNA Regulates Doxorubicin‐Induced Endothelial Cell Apoptosis
Authors: Jian Dongdong , Li Han , Wang Chenqiu , Li Fang , Li Runhua , Jin Shouyi , Shen Jia , Chen Jiamian , Zhang Wanjun , Pan Ling , Wang Wengong , Tang Hao , Jian Liguo , Qi Datun
Published: January 2025

N6‐adenosine methylation (m6A) of RNA is involved in the regulation of various diseases. However, its role in chemotherapy‐related vascular endothelial injury has not yet been elucidated. We found that methyltransferase‐like 3 (METTL3) expression was significantly reduced during doxorubicin (DOX)‐induced apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells both in vivo and in vitro, and that silencing of METTL3 further intensified this process. Combined transcriptome and proteome sequencing analyses revealed that the expression levels of interferon‐stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) mRNA and protein significantly increased after METTL3 silencing. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (meRIP)‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and mRNA stability assays confirmed that METTL3 regulates the expression of ISG15 by methylating the 1,014,147 site on ISG15 RNA, thereby decreasing ISG15 mRNA levels. Silencing ISG15 significantly suppressed DOX‐induced endothelial cell apoptosis and dysfunction caused by METTL3 silencing. In summary, our study revealed that METTL3‐mediated methylation of ISG15 mRNA is involved in DOX‐induced endothelial cell apoptosis and explored potential therapeutic targets for alleviating chemotherapy‐associated vascular injury.
CFD‐DEM Simulation Study on Heat and Mass Transfer of Wheat Particles in Gas–Solid Fluidized Bed
Authors: Yang Kaimin , Li Xin , Wang Yuancheng , Du Xinming
Published: January 2025

Understanding the physical phenomena during fluidized bed drying is crucial. In this study, the dispersion and drying behavior of wheat particles under different fitting models were studied based on Computational Fluid Dynamics–Discrete Element Method. The impact of air parameters on heat and moisture transfer was revealed. The results indicate that the particle dispersion coefficient ranges from 10−3 to 10−1 m2 s−1. The drying non‐uniformity in the fluidized bed increases with time, while the heating rate gradually decreases. The accumulation of particles in the bottom region is identified as the primary cause of drying non‐uniformity. For the 5S and 7S models, the standard deviation of particle moisture distribution and bed heating rate during drying differs by ~1%. Air temperature emerges as the key factor affecting drying rate, and variations in air velocity can mitigate the non‐uniformity of drying in the fluidized bed. These findings contribute to optimizing fluidized bed drying systems.
Effectiveness of breast pumps in early postpartum breastfeeding for women after cesarean section: A systematic review
Authors: Miyauchi Ai , Uchimura Mayumi , Takahashi Myori , Horiuchi Shigeko , Ota Erika
Published: January 2025

Aim

We sought to assess the effectiveness of using a breast pump for nipple stimulation to promote breastfeeding in the early postpartum period after c‐section in women with full‐term infants.

Methods

Selection criteria were individual and cluster randomized control trials and quasi‐randomized control trials that compared using a breast pump combined with standard care to promote breastfeeding in the early postpartum period after c‐section with standard care. In this systematic review, guided by the Cochrane Handbook, we conducted comprehensive searches across databases such as Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO (Search: April 22, 2024). We used the PRISMA flowchart for data extraction. Three review authors independently assessed trials for inclusion and risk of bias, outcome synthesis for Review Manager, and evidence quality evaluation for GRADE.

Results

We included four trials with 318 women and their infants. The trials took place in four countries. Women using a breast pump for nipple stimulation from the early postpartum period had an earlier onset of lactation of 19.57 h than women in standard care (mean difference [MD] −19.57 h, 95% confidential interval [CI] −26.18 to −12.96; participants = 143; studies = two; I2 = 20%; GRADE: moderate certainty of evidence).

Conclusion

Evidence supports the use of a breast pump to promote breastfeeding in the early postpartum period after c‐section because it is effective in accelerating the timing of onset of lactation. Studies with large sample sizes focusing on feasibility and implementation in clinical practice are necessary to determine the ways of promoting breastfeeding after c‐section.
Patient Experiences of Receiving Stroke Discharge Information in Accordance With Preferences
Authors: Fakes Kristy , Waller Amy , Carey Mariko , Forbes Erin , Pollack Michael , Clapham Matthew , Sanson‐Fisher Robert
Published: January 2025

Aims

To examine survivors' experiences of discharge information including risk communication after hospitalisation for a stroke and the characteristics associated with receiving information in accordance with their preferences.

Background

With advances in acute stroke care and an ageing population, the number of survivors of stroke is increasing. It is important that healthcare providers ensure patients have adequate information after a stroke‐related hospitalisation.

Design

Cross‐sectional study.

Methods

Adults recently discharged after a stroke from eight Australian hospitals were mailed a survey. Items examined risk and discharge care information, with participants asked to indicate both their preferences for and receipt of the information. Concordance with preferences was calculated, and characteristics associated with information preference concordance were assessed with binomial logistic regression. Study reported in accordance with STROBE Checklist.

Results

Of 1161 eligible patients invited, 403 (35%) completed the survey. All items were endorsed by 80% or more of respondents as being wanted. However, for all items, fewer respondents reported the care as received. Only 28% of participants received information on all five items according to their preferences. Hospital site, Body Mass Index and age were statistically significantly associated with participants receiving information in accordance with their preferences.

Conclusion

Most participants indicated a preference to receive recommended discharge information. Findings suggest that patients may benefit from increased information provision prior to hospital discharge after stroke.

Relevance to Clinical Practice and Patient Care

Nurses have an important role in the provision of stroke care and information. The findings of this study may be used to improve the provision of post‐hospital discharge care and support for survivors of stroke, and assist in identifying patients at lower odds of experiencing information aligned with their preferences and who may benefit from support.

Reporting Method

Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist for cross‐sectional studies.

Patient or Public Contribution

No patient or public contribution.
Measuring family boundary ambiguity in cohabiting stepfamilies
Authors: Juteau Gabrielle , Brown Susan L. , Manning Wendy D. , Westrick‐Payne Krista K.
Published: January 2025

Objective

Our study introduces a novel approach to gauging family boundary ambiguity using information obtained from just one household reporter. It also illuminates the strengths and challenges presented by parent pointers in federal surveys.

Background

The prominence of boundary ambiguity in cohabiting stepfamilies leads to significant measurement challenges, which take on greater salience as more children experience this family type.

Method

Drawing on the 2019–2022 Current Population Survey (CPS), we assessed boundary ambiguity within cohabiting stepfamilies (N = 4133) by examining whether reporting the stepparent as the child's second parent differed by household reporter type: biological parent versus cohabiting partner. Logistic regressions showed the roles of sociodemographic, family, and child correlates of family boundary ambiguity by household reporter type.

Results

Boundary ambiguity in cohabiting stepfamilies was high, with over 80% of reporters not identifying the cohabiting partner as the child's second parent. Parents more often experienced boundary ambiguity (91%) than did partners (68%). Parents with more economic resources than their partners were more likely to experience boundary ambiguity. Joint children were negatively related to boundary ambiguity.

Conclusion

This study shows most parents and partners in cohabiting stepfamilies do not view the partner as a second parent. It also reveals the ramifications of the CPS parent pointers that restrict respondents to reporting only two “parents,” tacitly reinforcing the two‐biological parent norm.
Association of Anatomical Features of the Petrotympanic Fissure and Presence of Foramen of Huschke With Temporomandibular Disorders
Authors: Eberliköse Hacer , Tuğtağ Demir Berrin , Akbarihamed Raha , Karasu Hakan Alpay
Published: January 2025

Background

The foramen of Huschke (FH) and the petrotympanic fissure (PTF) are anatomical structures that can influence temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) by potentially affecting the movement and function of the mandibular condyle.

Objective

This study investigates the relationship between patients with TMD and the presence of FH and PTF to enhance diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Methods

This retrospective study analyzed cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images from 212 patients. Patients were categorised into TMD and control groups based on standardized DC/TMD protocols. An observer, blinded to the patient's clinical status, then analyzed the CBCT images. The CBCT images were evaluated for the presence and characteristics of FH, PTF, and condyle shape and position.

Results

A higher incidence of FH and PTF was observed in patients with TMD than in the control group. FH was present on the right side in 33.3% of patients with TMD and 18% of controls and on the left side in 23.8% of patients with TMD and 10.9% of controls. Open and semi‐open FPT statistically differed between the TMD and control groups (p < 0.05). The length of FH in patients with TMD was significantly larger (2.11 ± 0.44 mm) than in the controls (1.67 ± 0.56 mm). The position of the condyle showed a statistically significant difference between the groups (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

FH and PTF subtypes are significantly associated with TMD, underscoring their importance in clinical practice.
Effects of the Dietary Blue‐Green Algae (Spirulina platensis) Supplementation and Egg Storage Period on Egg Quality Traits, Blastoderm Characteristics and Hatching Results of Mast Geese (Anser anser)
Authors: Özbaşer Bulut Fatma T. , Erdem Evren , Şamli Hasan E.
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to determine the effects of the dietary Spirulina platensis supplementation and egg storage period on egg quality traits, blastoderm characteristics and hatching results of Mast geese. For this purpose, the control group was fed the standard enterprise diet, while the experimental group received the same diet supplemented with 0.5% S. platensis. Quality traits of the eggs (shape index, shell thickness, breaking strength, albumen/yolk ratio, albumen index and yolk colour) were evaluated according to diet groups. Except for the yolk ratio of these traits, the mean values obtained from the experimental group were higher than the mean values obtained from the control group (p < 0.05; p < 0.001). Dietary supplementation of S. platensis did not affect blastoderm diameter (BD) but significantly increased the blastoderm viable cells (BVCs) (p < 0.001). Although early embryonic mortality (EEM) was statistically significantly affected by diet groups and storage time, late embryonic mortality (LEM) was affected only by diet groups (p < 0.001). Dietary S. platensis supplementation significantly increased pipped (PIP) classified under the LEM (p < 0.001). Storage period affected internal and external egg traits at different statistical significance levels. As the storage time increased, the breaking strength (p < 0.05), albumen ratio, albumen index, yolk index, Haugh unit decreased (p < 0.01; p < 0.001), while the yolk ratio, and albumen pH increased (p < 0.001). An increase in BD, and a decrease in BVCs were determined with prolonged storage period (p < 0.001). In the classification of LEM, the storage period significantly affected unabsorbed yolk sac (UYS) and the PIP. With prolonged storage time, UYS and PIP significantly increased (p < 0.05; p < 0.01), which is classified under LEM. According to these results, we suggest that S. platensis supplementation to goose diets would be beneficial, but the detailed further studies are needed for more effective results.
Feasibility and complications of videocapsule endoscopy in dogs weighing 7 kg or less
Authors: St‐Jean Camille , Collier Allison , Zur Linden Alex , Bersenas Alexa , Defarges Alice
Published: January 2025

Background

Videocapsule endoscopy (VCE) is a valuable tool for investigating gastrointestinal (GI) diseases in dogs. Its use is not recommended in dogs ≤4.3 kg, because of risks of GI endoscopic capsule (EC) retention and bowel obstruction.

Objectives

Describe the feasibility and complications of VCE in dogs ≤7 kg.

Animals

Twenty‐six client‐owned dogs.

Methods

Retrospective study describing the signalment, previous GI imaging, indications, findings, and complications of canine VCE studies submitted to Infiniti Medical between March 2020 and January 2023.

Results

The median weight and age of dogs was 5.6 kg (range, 3‐7) and 8.8 years (range, 1‐16), respectively. Two capsules were administered endoscopically into the duodenum (1) and stomach (1). Sixteen out of 26 (62%, 95% CI, 40.51‐79.70) dogs that underwent VCE had incomplete studies. Of the 24 capsules administered per os, 15 led to incomplete studies (battery died in the stomach (14), EC was vomited (1)). Body weight <5 kg significantly increased the risk of an incomplete study (OR: 3.67, 95% CI, 1.56‐inf, P = .0074). Median esophageal, gastric, and small bowel transit time were 5 seconds (range, 1‐180), 240 minutes (range, 17‐335), and 73.5 minutes (range, 5‐168), respectively. All 10 dogs with overt GI bleeding had a possible origin identified with VCE. Complications were limited to vomiting (1/26, 3.85%, 95% CI, 0‐11.20).

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Videocapsule endoscopy is a safe and informative procedure even when performed in dogs as small as 3 kg. However, weighing <5 kg increases the risk of incomplete studies.
A Study on Tintinnids (Loricate Ciliates) From the Mangrove Proximal Zone Waters of Sri Vijaya Puram (Port Blair), South Andaman
Authors: Sai Elangovan S. , Padmavati G. , Karthik R.
Published: January 2025

We report here the interaction between the environment and tintinnids inhabiting in the mangrove proximal zone waters of South Andaman, in relation to certain physicochemical (temperature, salinity, pH, and dissolved oxygen) and biological (Phytoplankton biomass) parameters. As the proximal zone of mangrove waters is subjected to regular tidal effect, tintinnids community was studied for one year (September 2012–August 2013) during the Northeast monsoon, Inter‐monsoon, and the Southwest monsoon periods. We recorded a total of 26 species belonging to 18 genera, and the abundance of tintinnids varied seasonally and spatially with higher abundance during the Southwest monsoon (19–59 ind L−1) followed by the Inter‐monsoon (18–27 ind L−1). Statistical analysis, such as Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and Spearman rank correlation, depicts that the influences of environmental variables varied seasonally, and temperature (r = 0.76–0.90), salinity (r = 0.90–0.1), and pH (r = 0.90–0.1) are the major variables influencing on tintinnids assemblages in the mangrove proximal zone waters of South Andaman.
Scleral lens wear and fluid reservoir turbidity in eyes with ocular surface disorders
Authors: Goppalakrishnan Vigneshwar A. , Srinivasan Bhaskar , Iyer Geetha , Iqbal Asif
Published: January 2025

Purpose

To investigate changes in fluid reservoir turbidity parameters over time and its influence on visual performance in eyes with ocular surface disorders (OSD) wearing scleral contact lenses (SL).

Methods

Thirteen eyes with OSD were assessed for corrected distance visual acuity, contrast sensitivity (CS) and fluid reservoir turbidity using anterior segment optical coherence tomography at baseline, after 5 min and 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4 h of SL wear on day 1 and after 1 month.

Results

A significant reduction in CS was noted at 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4 h of SL wear compared to 5 min (p < 0.001) and a similar trend was noted after 1 month (p < 0.001). The average number of particles on day 1 showed a significant increase over 4 h of SL wear (p < 0.001), with a same trend noted at 1 month (p = 0.001). However, the percentage of particles decreased from 88% ± 4% to 75% ± 12% (p = 0.004) after 1 month of SL wear. Average particle size showed a significant increase at all time points over 4 h compared with 5 min of SL wear (p < 0.003) and after 1 month (p < 0.001). The percentage of average particle size decreased from 73% ± 9% to 67% ± 8% after 1 month of lens wear (p = 0.003). The mean percentage turbid area increased from 0.6% ± 0.5% to 24% ± 16% over 4 h of lens wear on day 1 (p < 0.006) and from 0.7% ± 0.5% to 11% ± 8% at 1 month (p = 0.001). The mean difference in percentage turbid area at the first and follow‐up visits decreased from 96% ± 3% to 89% ± 9% (p = 0.01).

Conclusions

A gradual increase in fluid reservoir turbidity parameters was noted with the reduction in CS; however, all these parameters improved after 1 month of SL wear.
Temporary Transvenous Pacing Performed in the Intensive Care Unit or in the Catheterization Laboratory
Authors: Bastide Julie , Bessière Francis , Delinière Antoine , Bochaton Thomas , Gardey Kévin , Dulac Arnaud , Haddad Christelle , Prieur Cyril , Tomasevic Danka , Rioufol Gilles , Bonnefoy‐Cudraz Eric , Ditac Geoffroy
Published: January 2025

Background

Temporary transvenous pacing (TTP) is a common procedure, predominantly performed in the catheterization laboratory (cath lab) because of presumed lower complication rate. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TTP placement in the ICU compared to TTP placement in the cath lab.

Methods

This retrospective, real‐life study included all patients requiring TTP in a tertiary care ICU between 2019 and 2022. Patients’ characteristics, TTP‐related data, outcomes, and complications were compared between groups (ICU vs. cath lab).

Results

Data from 193 patients receiving TTP were analyzed; 68.4% received TTP in the ICU and 31.6% in the cath lab. The main indication was atrioventricular block in 154 patients (79.8%). The operator was less frequently an interventional cardiologist in the ICU (12.1%) compared to the cath lab (100%, p < 0.001). TTP in the ICU was more frequently performed using a jugular access (72.0% vs. 1.6%), a right‐sided laterality (88.7% vs. 43.6%), and a balloon‐tipped catheter (100% vs. 0%, p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Success was 100% in both groups. The overall complication rate was 16.6%, with no significant difference between both groups (14.4% ICU vs. 21.3% cath lab, p = 0.13), but a tendency toward higher complications in the cath lab group (especially tamponade, lead displacement, and CIED infection).

Conclusion

In a daily clinical scenario, TTP placement appears as safe in the ICU than in the cath lab, regardless of the operator's level of expertise when performed in accordance with best practices. Nevertheless, TTP complications remain high, and alternatives should be used whenever possible.
sly‐miR408b Targets a Plastocyanin‐Like Protein to Regulate Mycorrhizal Symbiosis in Tomato
Authors: Lin Yibin , He Chenling , Li Zhenfang , Sun Yingying , Tong Lu , Chen Xinyu , Zeng Rensen , Su Zhenxia , Song Yuanyuan
Published: January 2025

Symbiosis between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plants plays a crucial role in nutrient acquisition and stress resistance for terrestrial plants. microRNAs have been reported to participate in the regulation of mycorrhizal symbiosis by controlling the expression of their target genes. Herein, we found that sly‐miR408b was significantly downregulated in response to mycorrhizal colonisation. Overexpression of sly‐miR408b compromised mycorrhizal colonisation by Rhizophagus irregularis in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) roots. A basic blue protein gene (SlBBP) was then identified as the new target gene of miR408b in tomato. The expression of membrane‐located SlBBP was induced in a copper‐dependent manner. Importantly, the loss function of SlBBP decreased the root mycorrhizal colonisation. Overexpression of SlBBP decreased SOD activity, which may interfere with the process of scavenging excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mutation of RBOH1, which encodes ROS‐producing enzymes NADPH oxidases, obviously reduced the arbuscule abundance in the mutant roots. Overall, our results provide evidence that sly‐miR408b and its target gene SlBBP regulate mycorrhizal symbiosis in tomato through mediating ROS production.
Nitrogen Assimilation Plays a Role in Balancing the Chloroplastic Glutathione Redox Potential Under High Light Conditions
Authors: Gilad Gal , Sapir Omer , Hipsch Matanel , Waiger Daniel , Ben‐Ari Julius , Zeev Bar Ben , Zait Yotam , Lampl Nardy , Rosenwasser Shilo
Published: January 2025

Nitrate reduction requires reducing equivalents produced by the photosynthetic electron transport chain. Therefore, it has been suggested that nitrate assimilation provides a sink for electrons under high light conditions. We tested this hypothesis by monitoring photosynthetic efficiency and the chloroplastic glutathione redox potential (chl‐EGSH) of plant lines with mutated glutamine synthetase 2 (GS2) and ferredoxin‐dependent glutamate synthase 1 (GOGAT1). Mutant lines incorporated significantly less isotopically‐labelled nitrate into amino acids than wild‐type plants, demonstrating impaired nitrogen assimilation. When nitrate assimilation was compromised, photosystem II (PSII) proved more vulnerable to photodamage. The effect of the nitrate assimilation pathway on the chl‐ EGSH was monitored using the chloroplast‐targeted roGFP2 biosensor (chl‐roGFP2). Remarkably, while oxidation followed by reduction of chl‐roGFP2 was detected in WT plants in response to high light, oxidation values were stable in the mutant lines, suggesting that chl‐EGSH relaxation after high light‐induced oxidation is achieved by diverting excess electrons to the nitrogen assimilation pathway. Importantly, similar ΦPSII and chl‐roGFP2 patterns were observed at elevated CO2, suggesting that mutant phenotypes are not associated with photorespiration activity. Together, these findings indicate that the nitrogen assimilation pathway serves as a sustainable energy dissipation route, ensuring efficient photosynthetic activity and fine‐tuning redox metabolism under light‐saturated conditions.
Crucial Role of Aluminium‐Regulated Flavonol Glycosides (F2‐Type) Biosynthesis in Lateral Root Formation of Camellia sinensis
Authors: Lai Sanyan , Wang Wenzhuo , Shen Tianlin , Li Xiu , Kong Dexu , Hou Xiaohan , Chen Gao , Gao Liping , Xia Tao , Jiang Xiaolan
Published: January 2025

In acidic soil conditions, aluminium (Al) limits crop growth and yields but benefits the growth of tea plants. Flavonols are suggested to form complexes with Al, enhancing Al accumulation in tea plants. The role of flavonols in promoting lateral root formation under Al stress remains unclear. Here, we identified a 7‐rhamnosylated type of flavonol glycosides (F2‐type) crucial for this process in tea roots. Al treatment significantly stimulated lateral root initiation and bud germination in tea plants, enhancing flavonol glycoside accumulation, particularly the F2‐type. Most genes in the flavonol biosynthetic pathway were upregulated post‐Al treatment, including CsUGT89AC2/3 genes, which catalyze F2‐type flavonol glycosides synthesis in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of CsUGT89AC2/3 increased lateral root occurrence, flavonol glycoside accumulation and expression of biosynthetic pathway genes in tea roots. Kaempferol treatment activated flavonol pathway genes and stimulated lateral root growth. Al treatment, kaempferol treatment and CsUGT89AC3 overexpression accelerated auxin accumulation and expression of auxin‐related genes. Therefore, Al stimulates flavonol biosynthetic pathway gene expression, regulates F2‐type flavonol biosynthesis, and influences auxin homoeostasis, promoting lateral root formation in tea plants. These findings lay the foundation for further investigation into the mechanisms underlying the Al‐mediated promotion of lateral root initiation in tea plants.
Thromboembolic Risk in Juvenile Dermatomyositis Patients Treated With Intravenous Immunoglobulin
Authors: Gomes Lais Lopes Almeida , Silva Genevieve S. , Carol Hallie A. , Subhadarshani Sweta , Rutstein Beth H. , Shaw Katharina S.
Published: January 2025

This single‐institution retrospective cohort study evaluates the risk of thromboembolic events (TE) in patients with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg). We found no difference in the occurrence of TE in JDM patients treated with IVIg as compared to those without IVIg exposure; both cohorts had no TEs. Patients in both JDM cohorts had matched levels of other clotting risk factors, such as periods of limited mobility and hormonal contraceptive use. This research supports the growing body of evidence in the adult DM population demonstrating no significantly increased risk of TE attributable to IVIg and suggests that the occurrence of TE in JDM is low.
Reward and Efficacy Modulate the Rate of Anticipatory Pupil Dilation
Authors: Eayrs Joshua O. , Tobing Haya Serena , Steendam S. Tabitha , Prutean Nicoleta , Notebaert Wim , Wiersema Jan R. , Krebs Ruth M. , Boehler C. Nico
Published: January 2025

Pupil size is a well‐established marker of cognitive effort, with greater efforts leading to larger pupils. This is particularly true for pupil size during task performance, whereas findings on anticipatory effort triggered by a cue stimulus are less consistent. For example, a recent report by Frömer et al. found that in a cued‐Stroop task, behavioral performance and electrophysiological markers of preparatory effort allocation were modulated by cued reward and ‘efficacy’ (the degree to which rewards depended on good performance), but pupil size did not show a comparable pattern. Here, we conceptually replicated this study, employing an alternative approach to the pupillometry analyses. In line with previous findings, we found no modulation of absolute pupil size in the cue‐to‐target interval. Instead, we observed a significant difference in the rate of pupil dilation in anticipation of the target: pupils dilated more rapidly for high‐reward trials in which rewards depended on good performance. This was followed by a significant difference in absolute pupil size within the first hundreds of milliseconds following Stroop stimulus onset, likely reflecting a lagging effect of anticipatory effort allocation. Finally, the slope of pupil dilation was significantly correlated with behavioral response times, and this association was strongest for the high‐reward, high‐efficacy trials, further supporting that the rate of anticipatory pupil dilation reflects anticipatory effort. We conclude that pupil size is modulated by anticipatory effort, but in a highly temporally‐specific manner, which is best reflected by the rate of dilation in the moments just prior to stimulus onset.
Engaging Farmers in Biosecurity: Making Compliance Workable Within a Devolved Responsibility Approach
Authors: Higgins Vaughan , Bryant Melanie , Hernández‐Jover Marta , Warman Russell
Published: January 2025

Devolution of responsibility to farmers and farming industries is an increasingly prominent approach to governing biosecurity risks in countries such as the United Kingdom, Aotearoa New Zealand and Australia. However, at the same time, the practices through which farmers exercise increased responsibility are expected to align with centralised biosecurity standards. Research to date argues that the ongoing emphasis on compliance either conflicts with efforts to devolve responsibility or is variously accommodated and adapted to make biosecurity standards locally workable. This article contributes to and advances these debates by investigating how those involved in biosecurity policy development and implementation in Australia deal with compliance as part of their efforts to devolve responsibility for biosecurity to farmers. Drawing upon post‐actor‐network theory thinking, we identify three broad approaches through which biosecurity stakeholders seek to achieve biosecurity compliance—educative compliance, relational compliance and contextual compliance. Underpinning each of these approaches are several ‘modes of syncretism’ for making compliance and devolved responsibility cohere, some of which cut across different approaches. We argue that the inter‐connection of similar modes of syncretism across these approaches adds nuance to debates on the relationship between compliance and devolved responsibility. Our analysis reveals that compliance is folded in multiple ways into the work of engaging farmers in biosecurity. These highlight opportunities for making compliance workable that go beyond accommodation and adaptation. They also show the challenges and tensions likely to be faced by biosecurity stakeholders as they navigate different ways of making compliance and devolved responsibility cohere.
The novel HLA‐DPB1*05:01:23 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual
Authors: Zhu Kai‐bo , Xie Zhi‐cong , Zheng En‐dong , Zhou Ying , Luo Zi‐mian
Published: January 2025

HLA‐DPB1*05:01:23 differs from HLA‐DPB1*05:01:01:01 by one nucleotide in exon 2.
Six Novel HLA Class I Alleles Detected in Inhabitants From the Russia
Authors: Loginova Maria , Morozova Nadezhda , Paramonov Igor
Published: January 2025

Six novel HLA class I alleles were detected during the HLA typing process.
The Novel Allele HLA‐C*12:02:55 Identified by HLA‐Typing of a Bone Marrow Donor
Authors: Cheranev Valery , Evgrafova Natalia , Smirnova Darya , Loginova Maria , Korostin Dmitry
Published: January 2025

The new HLA‐C*12:02:55 allele showed one synonymous nucleotide difference compared to the HLA‐С*12:02:02:01 allele in codon 134.
Bridging Them and Us Divisions: A Focus Group Study of Identities in Clinical Psychology Training
Authors: Gupta Veenu , Eames Catrin , Sharples Brooke , Bryant Alison , Greenhill Beth , Golding Laura , Fisher Peter
Published: January 2025

Background

The training of clinical psychologists is conducted by staff, trainees, service users and carers. Often those working in clinical psychology do so due to their own lived experiences. These stakeholders may require having to navigate both personal and professional identities. Whilst there is motivation to make visible their lived experiences, this action may differ dependent on the roles they are in. This study aimed to understand identities within UK clinical psychology training and to enable effective teamworking.

Method

Focus groups were used to socially construct and explore identity constructions of groups in clinical psychology training. The data were thematically analysed using a social constructionist lens.

Findings

Four themes were found. Theme 1 identified ‘dynamics of identity’ where personal and professional identities were ‘integrated’, ‘separated’, ‘permeable’ or ‘visible/invisible’. Theme 2 found the ‘impact of language and labels to rebalance power’, encompassing, ‘expectations and invalidation of a label’ and motivations to ‘rebalance the power’. Theme 3 constructed ‘learner’ and ‘expert’ identities for each group, and Theme 4 found ‘Them & Us divisions’ that speak to the ‘Barriers’, between groups that participants wanted to bridge through modes of ‘Connections’.

Conclusions

This is the first study to use focus groups to socially construct and explore identities in clinical psychology training. The research gives clarity to identities in clinical psychology training, identifying the unique and common ways different stakeholders negotiate professional and personal identities that can promote understanding between stakeholders and better collaboration.
Ultrasonographic and Computed Tomographic Diagnosis of Urachal Diverticulum Concurrent With Pyometra in a Dog
Authors: Norena Nicole , Appleby Ryan B. , Defarges Alice , Mehrkens Lea , Biskup Jeff
Published: January 2025

A young, intact, female, American Bulldog was presented for hemorrhagic vaginal discharge. Anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis with neutrophilia, azotemia, and electrolyte disturbances were detected in the bloodwork. A urachal diverticulum with concurrent uterine distention was identified by ultrasonography and CT. The diverticulum was excised in surgery, and an ovariohysterectomy was performed. Histopathological examination confirmed an abscessed bladder wall with concurrent pyometra.
The Deployment of Value Workshop Objectives to evaluate Value Engineering Awareness and Proficiency among Construction and Allied Professionals
Authors: Bioku Olufemi Joseph , Ataguba Joseph Obaje
Published: January 2025

Value engineering of construction projects has been instantiated through value workshops with realizable objectives to the benefit of the project owners and end-users. However, myriads of studies have indicated varying perspectives regarding the levels of value engineering (VE) awareness among the building, construction, engineering, (BCE) and allied professionals in Nigeria. This is coupled with the observed fallout of their experiential inadequacy in VE practice. It is against this backdrop that this study evaluated using the ten value workshop objectives (VWOs), the degree of association between VE awareness and VE proficiency among the BCE and allied professionals in Kogi State, Nigeria. Sequel to a pilot study, a combination of purposive sampling, and "stratified" snowballing of 365 questionnaires among Architects, Builders, Engineers, Estate Surveyors and Valuers, Project Managers, Quantity Surveyors, and Town Planners in the study area were instantiated. Consequently, 94 usable questionnaires were successfully retrieved and validated. Cross-tabulations were used to present the results of data analyses. It was found at p > 0.05, that the strong levels of VE awareness among the sample of these professionals did not necessarily imply that they might exhibit high levels of proficiency in VE practice. Although the results of the Fisher's exact- and Barnard tests indicated a convergence between Project managers' expected- and existing VE skills, the Chi-square test on the seven groups of professionals, however indicated a divergence; so that their experiential inadequacies in VE practice might be attributed to this divergence. Besides availing insight into the timely review of pedagogic- and pre-qualification processes for BCE and allied professionals who intend venturing into value methodology practice in Nigeria, this study is among the novel attempts at using VWOs as instruments for assessing the degree of association between VE awareness and VE proficiency among these professionals.
Analyzing Flooding Dynamics and Resilience of a Social-Ecological System
Authors: Pelone Boyeth , Sanchez Patricia Ann
Published: January 2025

Amid escalating climate change and other factors, communities in vulnerable areas like Tagum City, Davao del Norte, Philippines, face increasing risks of severe flooding, threatening their safety, livelihoods, and well-being. This highlights the urgent need for comprehensive analysis of flood dynamics and community resilience within a social-ecological system framework, addressing the critical gap in local-level research to inform effective flood risk management strategies. This study employed a combined systematic literature review, Fuzzy Delphi Method, and Analytical Hierarchy Process to develop a Flood Resilience Index (FRI) and resilience map using QGIS. The findings underscore that a significant portion of Tagum City exhibits medium resilience to flooding, with an FRI of 3.221. Notably, several towns identified as medium resilient, including Bincungan (2.801), Pandapan (2.661), Busaon (2.910), and Liboganon (2.660), face heightened vulnerability due to the potential for high flood water levels, exceeding critical thresholds, with a peak level of 11 meters for a projected 5-year return period. The study highlights the interconnectedness of social-ecological components, emphasizing that overall system resilience depends on its weakest elements. To enhance resilience in flood-vulnerable areas, it is crucial to strengthen economic, institutional, and socio-cultural support systems through targeted activities, policies and programs. This research provides crucial insights into the intricate relationship between flooding and resilience, serving as a foundation for informed decision-making and proactive measures to mitigate flood risks, enhance community well-being, and advance climate action for a more resilient and sustainable Tagum City and similar environments.
The singular series of a cubic form in many variables and a new proof of Davenport's Shrinking Lemma
Authors: Bernert Christian
Published: January 2025

We study the singular series associated to a cubic form with integer coefficients. If the number of variables is at least 10, we prove the absolute convergence (and hence positivity) under the assumption of Davenport's Geometric Condition, improving on a result of Heath‐Brown. For the case of nine variables, we give a conditional treatment. We also provide a new short and elementary proof of Davenport's Shrinking Lemma that has been a crucial tool in previous literature on this and related problems.
Mean‐field limit of 2D stationary particle systems with signed Coulombian interactions
Authors: Peszek Jan , Rodiac Rémy
Published: January 2025

We study the mean‐field limits of critical points of interaction energies with Coulombian singularity. An important feature of our setting is that we allow interaction between particles of opposite signs. Particles of opposite signs attract each other whereas particles of the same signs repel each other. In two dimensional, we prove that the associated empirical measures converge to a limiting measure that satisfies a two‐fold criticality condition: in velocity form or in vorticity form. Our setting includes the stationary attraction–repulsion problem with Coulombian singularity and the stationary system of point vortices in fluid mechanics. In this last context, in the case where the limiting measure is in , we recover the classical criticality condition stating that , with , is a stationary solution of the incompressible Euler equation. This result, is, to the best of our knowledge, new in the case of particles with different signs (for particles of the positive sign, it was obtained by Schochet in 1996). In order to derive the limiting criticality condition in the velocity form, we follow an approach devised by Sandier–Serfaty in the context of Ginzburg–Landau vortices. This consists of passing to the limit in the stress‐energy tensor associated with the velocity field. On the other hand, the criticality condition in the vorticity form is obtained by arguments closer to the ones of Schochet.
Operation of a Compression Ignition Engine at Idling Load Under Simulated Cold Weather Conditions
Authors: Dev Shouvik , Guo Hongsheng , Liko Brian , Lafrance Simon
Published: January 2025

Heavy-duty compression ignition (CI) engines can be subject to long periods of idling during their duty cycles. In colder climates, getting the engine and exhaust aftertreatment (EAT) system to ideal operating temperatures can be challenging under such idling and low load conditions. This may lead to high emissions of criteria pollutants especially nitrogen oxides (NOx). Increasing the engine load and idling speed may help mitigate NOx emissions but typically leads to higher greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of a heavy-duty CI engine operating at various idling conditions and determine suitability for exhaust aftertreatment system operation. Tests are conducted on a heavy-duty single cylinder CI research engine fueled with diesel. As per the United States' (U.S.) Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), CI engines can be certified for the optional Clean Idle NOx emission standard. A corresponding two-mode Clean Idle Test (CIT) is specified in CFR which requires the engine to be operating in fully warmed-up condition at two engine speeds. Steady-state tests are conducted at these two engine speeds of 650 and 1100 rpm, and cold weather operation is simulated by operating the engine at suboptimal coolant, lubricant, and intake air temperatures. The steady-state tests are used to determine suitable diesel injection timing for performing the CIT under standard and simulated cold weather conditions. At the lowest load and 650 rpm idling speed, use of multiple injections and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) are insufficient for raising the exhaust gas temperature above 200 °C. A combination of higher load, EGR, and 1100 rpm idling speed can create conditions for light-off selective catalytic reduction (LO-SCR) operation at the expense of higher fuel consumption. The modified CIT results show that the optional Clean Idle NOx emission standards can be met with the use of EGR at both test modes. The mode 2 conditions at 1100 rpm may allow LO-SCR activation as well. There are also distinct differences between results under fully and partially warmed-up conditions.
Material Lateral Position Guiding During Calendering Process Via Material Width Change Modeling and Model Predictive Control
Authors: Chen Haozhen , Ni Jun , Lou Yangbing
Published: January 2025

One of important control problems in calendering system is the web lateral position control: during calendering, the web deforms with a reduction of thickness and an expansion in width, this leads to potential lateral position deviation, especially when the web is not flat. This problem sometimes causes quality issues, hence, precise modeling and control need to be developed. This paper focuses on the web lateral position guiding by modeling and controlling a calendering system: a modeling method and a corresponding model predictive control are proposed. The study is based on electrode web calendering for Li-ion battery production and is supported by data collected from experiments on an industrial-scale winding machine.