bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reflections on the use of Design Thinking and Service Design Tools to Improve Student Experience of an Online Learning Environment
Authors: Devine Paul Thomas
Published: January 2020

Online learning technology offers many benefits to students and educators, but at the same time presents challenges and issues which can cause negative student experiences. These negative experiences may severely affect student learning, particularly for students who are studying remotely and may have complex causes. How does a small organisation understand, maintain, and enhance the student experience of increasingly complex online learning environments in an atmosphere of increasing student expectations?

Design Thinking and Service Design tools were used by the Learning Innovation and Insights (LII) Team at NMIT to examine their value in understanding and enhancing a challenging fully online course to improve student experience. This Action Research intervention had a profound effect on our thinking and practice as learning designers and technologists. Use of the user-centred Design Thinking tools and techniques challenged unwritten assumptions and helped the team gain understanding of the key factors and issues affecting the experience of the students on this course, and prioritise the change strategy required to improve it. The Service Design approach helped understanding of the students’ changing needs over time. The artefacts produced by the tools proved helpful in untangling complexity, helped the team discuss and gain a shared understanding of the issues, and communicate issues to other stakeholders within the organisation.

There are significant implications for future practice of the LII Team at NMIT:

Design Thinking tools will be embedded in standard practice in the LII Team.

A widening priority from Learning Design to Learning Environment Design.

A refocus in the priority of LMS development from UI Design to UX Design, within a Service Design context.

A focus on adoption and use of “empathising” and listening tools and skills.

This presentation will focus on the use and impact of Design Thinking and Service Design tools and techniques such as the Hypothesis Map, the Journey Map, the Stakeholder Map, Personas and Extreme Users.
Pengelolaan Agroforestry Berbasis Kemiri (Aleurites moluccana) dan Pendapatan Petani di Kecamatan Mallawa
Authors: Ismail Ade Ilham
Published: January 2020

This study aims to determine the management system, composition and income of candlenut-based agroforestry systems in three villages in the Mallawa District. This research was conducted in May - July 2019 in Batu Putih Village, Tellumpanuae Village, Samaenre Village, Mallawa District. The method used is purposive sampling with respondents, namely farmers who have ≥0.1 ha of land area. The number of plots made was 15 plots to determine the volume of wood and the number of respondents interviewed was 30 to determine the form of management. The data that has been collected is processed and analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. The results showed that the management of coffee-based agroforestry systems was initiated by clearing land from grass or shrubs, followed by spacing, then sources of seedlings obtained from government assistance and planting and maintenance which included weeding, pruning, fertilizing and pest control and diseases which then end with harvesting activities. The average for income in the Batu Putih Village of Rp. 24,372,359 -/ha/year, in the Village of Tellumpanue Rp. 27,875,042, -/ha/year, and the Samaenre Village in the amount of Rp. 22,985,365, -/ha/year.
POTENSI DAN DAYA DUKUNG LESTARI TEGAKAN AREN DI DESA LANNE
Authors: Indasary Dewi , Melilani Nurul Hikmah , Rachmat Muhammad Ramdhan , Suhasman Suhasman
Published: January 2020

Palm trees have high economic potential because almost all parties can provide financial benefits. But of all palm products, the palm sap that comes from the male flower arm as an ingredient for the production of brown sugar is the greatest economic value. However, there are some people who prefer to cut palm trees for cultural purposes instead of properly handling them to be used as brown sugar. This research aims to analyze the carrying capacity and potential of palm trees in Lanne Village. The location of this investigation was carried out in Lanne Village, Tondong Tallasa District, Pangkajene and Kepulauan Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The location of the sugar palm administrators is in two villages, namely, Manjalling and Mariololo. The research method used is a qualitative research method that uses inventory, observation and interview techniques. The results obtained are that for now the people of Lanne do not comply with the capacity of sustainable cargo. The presence of sugar palm is now relatively minor. Therefore, to restore the glory of the sugar palm sugar population must be added
KONDISI OPTIMUM PROSES KEMPA PANAS DALAM PEMBUATAN PAPAN PARTIKEL DENGAN PEREKAT KITOSAN
Authors: Lindangan Lestian , Putranto Beta , Suhasman Suhasman , Agussalim Agussalim
Published: January 2020

Shrimp skin contains chitin that is the second largest biopolymer after cellulose. The chitin can be isolated to produce chitosan. Chitosan is a natural adhesive that can be applied in producing particleboards to substitute formaldehyde-based adhesives. The purpose of this study was to analyze the hot-pressing condition in term of temperature and pressing time on the physical and mechanical properties of the particleboards produced by using chitosan as adhesives. The particleboards were made with the size of 25x25x0.7 cm and target density of 0.75 g/cm3. The particleboards were produced using different temperatures (160ºC, 180ºC, and 200ºC) and pressing times (9, 12, and 15 minutes. The results showed that the chitosan produced met the standards, and temperature and compression time had a significant interaction effect on the thickness swelling and modulus of elasticity. The optimum combination of temperature and pressing time is 180ºC and 12 minutes, respectively. The produced boards have the characteristics of moisture content 12.2%, density 0.81, water absorption 84.47%, thickness swelling 19.73%, modulus of rupture 143.36 kg/cm2, modulus of elasticity 23,367.79 kg/cm2, and internal bonding 9.03 kg/cm2.
Otel işletmelerinde bulunan ergonomik risklerin değerlendirilmesi: Van örneği
Authors: MERİÇ Sağbetullah , BOZKURT Öznur , KAYMIŞ Barış
Published: January 2020

Ergonomi, insanın biyolojik özelliklerinin dikkate alınarak insan ile çevrenin uyumunun araştırılması ve geliştirilmesini kapsamaktadır. Ergonomik çalışmaların amacı, yalnızca insanı kazalardan veya hatalardan koruyarak üretimin sürekliliğini sağlamak değildir. Ergonomik uygulamalarda asıl hedef, çalışma ortamlarını insanı mutlu edecek ortamlara dönüştürmektir. Bu çalışmada, Van ilinde faaliyet gösteren 4 ve 5 yıldızlı otel işletmeleri, ergonomi kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma ile otel işletmelerindeki ergonomik risklerin tespit edilmesi ve işletmelerdeki ergonomi uygulamaların ne düzeyde önemsendiği ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırma otel çalışanları açısından ergonomik yapının incelenmesini kapsadığından önem arz etmektedir. Araştırmada otel işletmesi yöneticisi eşliğinde gözlem ve yerinde inceleme yöntemi ile veri elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca ziyaret esnasında gözlenemeyecek durumlar dikkate alınarak formdaki durumlar hakkında yöneticilerden bilgi alınmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda otel işletmelerindeki çalışma alanlarında bulunan malzemelerin genellikle ergonomik açıdan uygun olduğu ancak çeşitli eksiklerin mevcut olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Profesyonel turist rehberlerinin foodie turist tipine bakış açıları: Nitel bir araştırma
Authors: DEMİREL Nilgün , KIRICI TEKELİ Ezgi
Published: January 2020

Bu araştırma ile birlikte profesyonel turist rehberlerinin foodie turist tipine olan bakış açısının belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmanın alanyazına, turizm sektörüne ve sektör içinde yer alan profesyonel turist rehberlerine teorikte ve pratikte katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma deseni olarak fenomenolojik desen belirlenmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak görüşme/mülakat ve doküman inceleme tekniği seçilmiştir. Araştırmada bireysel görüşme yapılmış olup 12 katılımcıya ulaşılmıştır. Veri analiz stratejisi olarak içerik analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sorularının belirlenmesinde öncelikle kapalı kod sisteminden yararlanılmış olup, alanyazın doğrultusunda temalar ve alt temalar belirlenmiş, sonrasında sahadan gelen veriler ışığında açık kod sistemiyle temalar ve alt temalar yeniden ele alınmıştır. Bunun sonucunda dört ana tema ve on bir alt tema belirlenmiştir. En sık tekrarlanan alt temalar; organik tüketim, lüks tüketim ve merak olarak tespit edilmiştir.
Otel işletmelerinde çalışanların iş yerindeki şefkate ilişkin algılarının örgütsel bağlılıklarına etkisi
Authors: ALBAYRAK Zeynep , ATÇI Dilek
Published: January 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı otel işletmelerinde çalışanların iş ortamında
algıladıkları şefkat düzeyinin örgütsel bağlılıklarını etkileyip
etkilemediğinin tespit edilmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Çukurova Bölgesi’nde
faaliyet gösteren üç, dört ve beş yıldızlı otel çalışanlarından veri
toplanmıştır. Algılanan şefkat düzeyinin eğitim seviyesine, otelin sahiplik
durumuna ve sektörde çalışma süresine göre farklılaştığı tespit edilmiştir.
Buna göre, algılanan şefkat düzeyi eğitim seviyesi artıkça artmaktadır. Zincir otellerde
çalışanların algıladıkları şefkat tek şahsa ait otel işletmelerinde çalışanlara
oranla daha yüksektir. Yine, sektörde çalışma süresi arttıkça algılanan şefkat
düzeyi azalmaktadır. Algılanan şefkat düzeyi açısından cinsiyet, yaş ve aynı
otelde çalışma süresine göre ise anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilememiştir.
Çalışmada, iş ortamında algılanan şefkat düzeyinin duygusal ve normatif
bağlılık ile pozitif ilişkili olduğu ve örgütsel bağlılığı olumlu yönde
etkilediği tespit edilmiştir.
Financial Borrowing by Local State-Owned Enterprises in Serbia: An Assessment of National Practice
Authors: Živanović Branko , Đulić Katarina , Jolović Ana
Published: January 2020

Serbian local state-owned enterprises (SOEs) owed in excess of EUR 220mn in late 2015, with estimates reaching a much higher figure. According to the national Fiscal Council, underinvestment by local governments amounted to some EUR 250mn annually. This paper looks at insufficient commercial borrowing by local SOEs trying to identify the causes of this financing gap by looking at two aspects: on one hand, we look at quantitative and qualitative inputs provided by local SOEs for credit analysis that may cause significant information asymmetries, and, on the other, we consider the possibility that bank credit analyses, even if done properly, could reveal that these firms are unable to borrow from banks.

The research has revealed that the length and efficiency of the bank credit approval process is dictated by: the need to properly organise qualitative and quantitative SOE information and ensure that it reflects the actual state of affairs; the poor quality of financial statements of SOEs and their pro forma annual business planning and reporting; a common lack of appropriate revaluation of future income; and an existent drawback related to ownership over fixed assets that are considered as a public property in Serbia (rather than as a property of the SOE that uses them).

On the other hand, banks do not distinguish sufficiently between private firms and SOEs. This does not allow banks to account for issues specific to SOEs such as the spillover of fiscal risk, corporate governance, relationships between the owner and its SOEs, economic and social objectives, and the like. The frequent inability of local SOEs to provide mortgages as collateral, coupled with the restriction on guarantees from local governments, nearly completely preclude lending for large-scale and long-term investment.

We conclude that local SOEs have a limited access to finance due to information asymmetries caused by unsuitable qualitative and quantitative inputs made by SOEs in the credit analysis process. Nevertheless, appropriate credit analyses reveal that these companies can be able to borrow commercially, especially in lower amounts and at shorter maturities which could mitigate underinvestment by local SOEs.
Essay on Finance-Growth Nexus
Authors: Asanović Željka
Published: January 2020

There is a long tradition in literature that banks can play a special role in the propagation of economic fluctuations. Theory suggests many channels through which financial system affects, and is affected by, economic growth. One of the most important empirical studies on this topic shows a strong positive relation between financial development and economic growth. However, the hypothesis that credit expansion is the main development instrument was challenged in the Asian crisis in the second half of the 1990s, and then even more strongly in the crisis after 2008 which was followed by almost a decade of economic stagnation. Development of the banking sector in Southeast European countries in the pre-crisis period was characterized by relatively high credit growth rates and, consequently, with an increase of the credit-to-GDP ratio. Some authors argue that the marginal effect of financial depth on economic growth becomes negative when credit to the private sector reaches about 100% of GDP. Taking into account relatively low level of credit-to-GDP ratio, we may assume that there is still enough room for finance to contribute to economic growth in Southeast European countries.
Priority Areas of Poland’s Development in Line with EU Policy (Smart Specializations) – Poland’s Food Security and Climate Change
Authors: Michalak Dorota , Wulf Erico
Published: January 2020

Objective: The purpose of this article is to determine whether the problem of climate change has been included in the smart specialization programs as one that significantly determines the food security of a given region.

Methodology: For this purpose an analysis of provincial programs/strategies for the development was made. The programs indicate areas of importance for the region (the desk research method was used, which is a research method involving the analysis of available data).

Value Added: The starting point for the considerations taken in the article is the Strategy for smart and sustainable development, which sets out the objectives and priorities of the European Union for the years between 2010 and 2020 [EC, 2010]. In response to the above mentioned strategies, the Ministry of Development in Poland has distinguished National Smart Specializations (KIS) [Internet source A], their idea is to identify key sectors for the socio-economic development of the country and their financial support from EU funds (Smart Development Operational Program - POIR). The five sectors of smart specialization include agri-food, forestry and environmental bio-economy, which emphasize the importance of increasing the country’s food security and improving food quality. Regional Innovation Strategies (RSI) are the response to KIS. They distinguish the smart specializations of the region, and their assumptions and goals are to be appropriate for the characteristics of the region.

One of the biggest challenges of today is the climate change, which significantly affects the productivity of the agricultural industry. The European Commission in the White Paper and in its subsequent regulations emphasized the need to support local, regional, national and EU activities which will increase readiness and ability to respond to the effects of climate change (EC, 2013). Is it true that in connection with the above, the issue of adaptation of climate change to agricultural, as one of the important elements conditioning food security of the country, was taken into account when creating the concept of smart specializations? They do not decisively affect adaptation activities in the country, individual regions and industries, but in principle they are intended to raise important and current issues for the development of the country, and climate change and its consequences are undoubtedly such an issue.

Recommendations: The analysis of Most Voivodeship Development Strategies carried out shows lack the appropriate form. The scientific language and extensive documentation make it difficult to complete tasks, fail to reach the right recipient, and promote excessive bureaucracy. This is probably not conducive to the development of innovation, but only drives bureaucracy and generates unnecessary costs.
The semantic change of positive vs. negative adjectives in Modern English
Authors: Altakhaineh Abdel Rahman Mitib
Published: January 2020

This study examines two types of semantic change, namely amelioration and pejoration, through comparing the positive/negative senses of 20 English adjectives over time in the Oxford English Dictionary (OED). It also aims to explore whether the semantic change, which may have occurred in these words, can be associated with their frequency inThe British National Corpus(BNC). The results reveal that the stability of the target adjectives has indeed changed over time. The positive adjectives were originally somewhat negative, neutral or positive, and then started to become positive if they were previously negative or neutral if they were previously positive. Conversely, the negative adjectives tend to become less negative over time. The study suggests that the semantic change of these adjectives could have been motivated by a tendency to reduce lexical complexity, which speakers may have done for pragmatic reasons, such as successful communication. The study also proposes that the semantic change could also be related with the frequency of the adjectives undergoing the change. The study concludes with recommendations for further research.
Stress assignment in polysyllabic words in Levantine Arabic: An Optimality-Theoretic analysis
Authors: Guba Mohammed Nour Abu
Published: January 2020

This paper proposes an Optimality-Theoretic analysis of stress assignment in Levantine Arabic. The proposed hierarchy incorporates two constraints, namely *EXTENDED-LAPSE-R, which restricts stress to one of the last three syllables, and ALIGN-LEFT, which demands that the left edge of the prosodic word be aligned with a foot. This hierarchy is superior to earlier research as it successfully accounts for stress assignment in a more comprehensive and economical way. Most interestingly, it can account for the unexpected stress on a light penult in prosodic words ending in four light syllables and the paradoxical status of foot extrametricality without ad hoc parameterization of constraints. Moreover, findings show that footing in Levantine Arabic is iterative, an indication that secondary stress is attested in Levantine dialects.
Some general thoughts on tense and aspect in Modern Greek
Authors: Bielecki Robert , Trąba Kamil
Published: January 2020

The morphological categories belonging to the semantic dimension ofTensein Modern Greek, as it is traditionally conceived, seem to be distinguished by means of non-homogeneous criteria. In this paper the temporal and aspectual meanings are treated separately. In consequence, Modern Greek has at its disposal (i) sixTensesand (ii) twoAspects. The meanings of the sixTensesare captured systemically by means of threeTime-points: (i)Event Time, (ii)Reference Timeand (iii)Speech Time, which are referred to each other in the order given by means of the relations of (i) previousness and (ii) simultaneity. In turn, the meanings of the twoAspectsare captured by means of the notions of (i)Shortnessand (ii)Longness, which are identified as the bedrock of the aspectual oppositions in Modern Greek. Other aspectual meanings such asTermination,Inchoativity,Completion, etc. are conveyed by the lexical stems of the appropriate verbs linked with the affixal markers of the twoAspects.
Näen lintujen lentävän etelään‘I see birds flying south’ – About an interesting case of syntactic ambiguity in Finnish
Authors: Bielecki Robert
Published: January 2020

An attempt is made to describe the syntactic structure of the Finnish non-attributive participial construction of the typeNäen lintujen lentävän etelään‘I see birds flying south’ by investigating the actual construction, and not a cognate sentence from which the construction is said to be derived. The analysis leads to the conclusion that two parts can be distinguished in the construction. The words belonging to the first part clearly determine syntactically the participle, e.g.lentävän ← etelään. In the case of the words of the other group, however, there exists no syntactic test by which it would be possible to verify the direction of the relation of syntactic determination. This part of the construction is therefore to be conceived of as syntactically ambiguous, i.e. bothlintujen ← lentävänandlintujen→lentävän. It represents the neutralization of two structures: (i) a nominal structure (lintujen lentäminen‘birds’ flying’) and (ii) a nominal-verbal structure (linnut lentävät‘birds are flying’). In consequence of this fact, different syntactic interpretations of the construction do not give rise to different semantic interpretations.
Reflexes of Proto-Ryukyuan *i and *u in Miyakoan as a chain shift
Authors: Jarosz Aleksandra
Published: January 2020

The paper examines conditioned changes that occurred in Miyakoan (mostly Proto-Miyakoan) reflexes of Proto-Ryukyuan close vowels *i and *u after the unconditioned raising of Proto-Ryukyuan *e and *o had taken place. These changes in close vowels are interpreted here as chain shifts. The core assumption is that changes in *i and *u occurred in response to the raising of *e and *o in order to avoid or compensate for the functionally damaging merger of *i/*e and *u/*o.

The paper shows that there is a rather wide range of conditions under which *i and *u produced distinct reflexes in Miyakoan. Consequently, these vowels acted differently after stops, after sibilants, after nasals, in an onsetless/standalone position, after the flap, before the flap, and before nasals and other sonorants word-initially. At the same time, reflexes of both proto-vowels have been observed to maintain certain symmetry, meaning that in a similar environment, *i and *u generally underwent similar or analogical changes.

Thus, the conditions for identifying Miyakoan reflexes or *i and *u are listed and specified in this paper. Conversely, it is argued that unless one of these conditions has been met, one should reconstruct a Proto-Ryukyuan mid-vowel rather than a close vowel. Such specification may influence the comparative study of Ryukyuan languages to a significant degree, challenging a number of the so far established reconstructions (most notably Thorpe 1983).
The origin of the Proto-Indo-European comparative suffix (with Turkic and Uralic parallels)
Authors: Szeptyński Rafał
Published: January 2020

The article deals with the origin of the Proto-Indo-European comparative suffix. It is claimed that the morpheme in question, reconstructed here as *-i̯ōs< *-i̯o-os, evolved in predicatively used *-s-stem nominals. It is also claimed that the first component of the complex *-i̯o-osis the allomorph *-i̯o-of the verbal suffix *-i̯e/o-. Both intrasystemic and typological parallels indicate that the verbal component could originate from intransitive change-of-state verbs. It is suggested that the ablaut varieties of the comparative suffix and the frequent predesinential extensions are due to independent inflectionalization in various post-Proto-Indo-European dialects.
Red Cabbage Extracts as Inhibitors of Lipid Oxidation in Fresh Minced Tilapia (Nile perch) During Refrigerated Storage
Authors: Demirbaş Ayse
Published: January 2020

This study was performed to evaluate effects of red cabbage extract as a preservative against lipid oxidation for quality and shelf life of minced Tilapia (Nile perch) during refrigerated storage at 4 ï‚± 1Â°C. Untreated and treated samples were examined from day 0 to 10 during refrigerated storage using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay, peroxide value (PV), pH and color analysis. Samples treated with red cabbage extract showed less degradation due to lipid oxidation compared to untreated samples. Lipid peroxide values on treated samples showed benefits through day-6. This work shows that red cabbage antioxidant extracts represent an inexpensive and natural method for reducing oxidative spoilage of fresh fish.
Saber conocer a los alumnos en el umbral de la profesión docente
Authors: Espino Rosendo Holda María , Galván Mora Lucila Rita , Blanco García Nieves
Published: January 2020

Desde una perspectiva de los saberes docentes como conocimiento construido sobre la práctica educativa cotidiana, nos acercamos a la telesecundaria para estudiar el proceso de elaboración del saber conocer a los alumnos adolescentes al inicio de la profesión en un contexto rural. Mediante un enfoque cualitativo, describimos analíticamente el caso de un profesor principiante e identificamos las condiciones institucionales en que se conoce a los adolescentes, las estrategias para reunir información sobre ellos en su contexto social, así como el uso de la misma en la relación pedagógica individual y grupal.
Aprendizajes y transformaciones del paisaje cultural indígena en Veracruz
Authors: De la Hidalga Verónica
Published: January 2020

La aportación de comunidades indígenas al mantenimiento y enriquecimiento de la biodiversidad es reconocida en diversas investigaciones y en tratados internacionales como el Convenio sobre Diversidad Biológica (ONU, 1992). Sin embargo, las contribuciones de los pueblos originarios a la sustentabilidad generalmente no han sido valoradas socialmente. La educación es terreno propicio para generar propuestas relativas a demandas históricas que señalan la exclusión de diversos saberes, como los indígenas, ante el deterioro ecológico y la discriminación cultural. En este contexto, en el presente artículo se analiza la formación referida a los aprendizajes entre actores universitarios y productores sobre el manejo forestal campesino e indígena en la Sierra de Zongolica, Veracruz, México. Se muestran diversos conocimientos y saberes en interacción respecto a la transformación del paisaje biodiverso y su relación con las políticas forestales. Asimismo, se exponen estrategias de productores indígenas sobre el proceso de readaptación tecnoproductiva moderna a su cultura. Además, se presentan contribuciones de aprendizaje situado respecto a la producción agroforestal campesina/indígena.
EFEKTIVITAS IMUNOMODULATOR EKSTRAK DAUN MACANG (Mangifera Foetida L.) TERHADAP SEL MAKROFAG TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Kholifah Sri Nur , Fitmawati Fitmawati
Published: January 2020

Macang (Mangifera foetida L.) has potential as an effect herbal medicinal plant with antioxidant content, namely mangiferin. The aim of this study is to prove empirically study that macang has an immunomodulatory effect through preclinical testing. This study use white mice (Rattus norvegicus) as experimental animals and Staphylococcus aureus as test bacteria. Rats were give leaf extracts of 3 varieties of orally for 7 days using 3 prescribe doses in ppm. On the 8th day, each rats was induce by an intraperitoneal section with 0,5 ml of the bacterial suspension tested. Observation of peritoneal fluid through smear preparations includes 2 parameters, phagocytosis activity and capacity. The result showed that the immunomodulatory effects on batu varieties were effective at dose 2 (10 ppm = 0,01 mg/g), limus varieties and manis varieties were effective at dose 1 (1 ppm = 0,001 mg/g). According to this research, it was concluded that leaf extracts of three varieties macang could be used as immunomodulators.AbstrakMacang (Mangifera foetida L.) mempunyai potensi sebagai tumbuhan obat herbal dengan kandungan antioksidan yaitu mangiferin.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuktikan efek imunomodulator pada tiga varietas macang (batu, limus dan manis) melalui uji praklinik.  Penelitian ini menggunakan tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) sebagai hewan uji dan Staphylococcus aureus sebagai bakteri uji.  Tikus diberi ekstrak daun tiga varietas macang secara oral selama tujuh hari menggunakan tiga serial dosis dalam satuan ppm.  Pada hari ke-8, setiap tikus putih diinduksi bagian intraperitoneal dengan 0,5 ml suspensi bakteri uji. Pengamatan cairan peritoneal melalui preparat apusan meliputi 2 parameter yaitu aktivitas dan kapasitas fagositosis.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efek imunomodulator pada varietas batu efektif pada dosis 2 (10 ppm=0,01 mg/g), varietas limus dan manis efektif pada dosis 1 (10 ppm=0,001mg/g). Disimpulkan bahwa daun macang (Mangifera foetida) berpotensi digunakan sebagai imunomodulator.Kata kunci : Fagositosis makrofag, Imunomodulator, Mangifera foetida
PENERAPAN METODE INQUIRY SEBAGAI USAHA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA PADA MATERI PENGGOLONGAN HEWAN DI KELAS IV SD SELUMA
Authors: Kusumah Raden Gamal Tamrin , Walid Ahmad , Pitaloka Sinta , Dewi Pramita Sylvia , Agustriana Nesna
Published: January 2020

This study aims to determine the increase in learning outcomes of students in 4th grade Seluma 28th Public Elementary School on natural science subjects classifying animals by using the inquiry method. The research subjects 18 students, consisting of 10 male students and 8 female students. This type of research is classroom action research. This research consists of three stages, namely 1). Planning, 2). Actions, 3). Observation, and 4) Reflection. This research was conducted in three cycles, namely Pre-Cycle, Cycle I, and Cycle II. The data collection technique was carried out by observing what was done by the teacher and the supervisor 2. From the results of the research conducted, it was seen an increase in student learning outcomes from each cycle. In the pre-cycle implementation, the average value of student learning outcomes is 64.44 with 50% completeness. In cycle I the average value of student learning outcomes is 76.11 with 72% completeness. In cycle II the average value of student learning outcomes is 88.89 with 100% completeness. From the results of this learning improvement study, it can be seen that the application of the inquiry method to the subjects of Natural Sciences classifying Animals can improve the learning outcomes of Grade IV students at SD Negeri 28 Seluma.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 28 Seluma pada mata pelajaran IPA pokok bahasan Menggolongkan Hewan dengan menggunakan metode inquiry. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa-siswi kelas IV SD Negeri 28 Seluma yang berjumlah 18 orang yang terdiri atas 10 siswa laki-laki dan 8 siswi perempuan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga tahapan yaitu 1) Perencanaan, 2) Tindakan, 3) Observasi, dan 4) Refleksi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam tiga siklus, yaitu Pra Siklus, Siklus I, dan Siklus II. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara melakukan observasi yang dilakukan oleh guru dan supervisor 2. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan terlihat adanya peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dari setiap siklus. Pada pelaksanaan pra siklus, nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa 64,44 dengan ketuntasan 50%. Pada siklus I nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa 76,11 dengan ketuntasan 72%. Pada siklus II nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa 88,89 dengan ketuntasan 100%. Dari hasil penelitian perbaikan pembelajaran ini terlihat bahwa penerapan metode inquiry pada mata pelajaran IPA pokok bahasan Menggolongkan Hewan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 28 Seluma.Kata Kunci: Metode Inquiry: IPA; Hasil belajar; Penggolongan Hewan.
THE APPLICATION OF GENERATIVE LEARNING MODEL BASED ON REMEDIAL INTEGRATION IN REDUCING STUDENT MISCONCEPTIONS
Authors: Silitonga Haratua Tiur Maria , Oktavianty Erwina , Jamilah Jamilah , Panjaitan Masti
Published: January 2020

This study was aimed to examine the effect of a remedial-integrated activity on dynamic fluids materials using generative learning to reduce student misconception in Senior High Schools (SMA). Pre-experimental method with the design of pretest-posttest control group was used in this study. This study was held in SMAN 7 Pontianak, West Kalimantan, involving the total number of 36 students from which were selected randomly at XI MIPA Class (Eleventh grade of Natural Science Class) using the random sampling with intact group technique. The instrument of this study used was the total question of a diagnostic test with 18 multiple-choice questionnaires. Then, the collected data was analysed using a descriptive statistic and t-test. The result of this study revealed that the remedial integration on Physics misconceptions positively decreased the levels of student misconceptions in Senior High Schools against dynamic fluids materials.
Creative communication in networking services as the social skill of geriatric pharmacist
Authors: Yuhansyah Nurfauzi  , Djoko Wahyono  , Fita Rahmawati  , Nanang Munif Yasin
Published: January 2020

The geriatric pharmacist is one of the professions that play an important role in providing drug services to the elderly. As specialist pharmacists, they are expected to be not only rich in clinical skills but also have good social skills to understand and meet the therapeutic needs of patients. On the other hand, the community views that pharmacists are very accessible, and caregivers trust them as a link with the health care network. This study aims to describe the forms of creative communication of geriatric pharmacists in networking services. Four electronic databases (PUBMED, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar) have been used to explore relevant research. The research articles reviewed were original articles that stated creative communication in networking as an idea of the pharmacist and the application in service by the pharmacist. The articles were selected with several inclusion criteria, namely published between 2000-2019, designed with Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) and/or qualitative studies, in English, and containing ideas or communication activities by pharmacists in networking services for patients or collaborating with another stakeholder. Exclusion criteria were articles which are research protocols, do not mention communication activities and efforts in creating a service network clearly and articles that only examine and assess economic aspects. Search results on 421 articles produced 13 articles that met the criteria for review, 9 articles from RCT  and 4 articles from qualitative studies. Pharmacists can make oral, written and direct home visits when they provide advice. Pharmacists inform drugs through sign language, visual media and communication technology. Creative communication as a social skill plays an important role in networking services for doctors, nurses, patient families, caregivers and institutions related to services for the elderly.
Reklámtilalmak a belső piacon
Authors: Leidenmühler Franz
Published: January 2020

Az Európai Unió jogának egyik fontos célkitűzése a belső piac megvalósítása. A tagállami kereskedelmi szabályok – mint például a reklámkorlátozások vagy reklámtilalmak – egy része tagállamonként jelentősen eltér. A belső piacon így mindenekelőtt az áruk szabad mozgását, valamint a szolgáltatások szabad áramlását akadályozhatják. Ennélfogva a gazdasági szabadságok érvényesülésének elősegítése érdekében az Európai Bíróság számos ítéletében meghatározta a tagállami reklámszabályok uniós jogi korlátait. Különösen az EUMSZ 56. cikke szerinti „szolgáltatások szabad áramlása” biztosítható csak abban az esetben, ha a határon átnyúló szolgáltatáskínálatot is megfelelő módon lehet reklámozni. E szabályozási hátteret fgyelembe véve az alábbiakban vizsgált, a szerencsejátékszolgáltatások reklámtilalmáról szóló magyar előírás [az 1991. évi XXXIV. törvény 1. §-ának (4) és (5) bekezdése, valamint 2. §-ának (7) bekezdése] különösen problematikusnak tűnik. Mindenekelőtt azért, mert ez a rendelkezés nem csupán a belföldön, hanem az Európai Unió más tagállamaiban (jogszerűen) kínált szolgáltatások reklámjára is vonatkozik.
Skusobny clanok
Authors: Janko mrkvicka
Published: January 2020

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RANCANG BANGUN PROTOTYPE SMART HOME DENGAN KONSEP INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) MENGGUNAKAN RASPBERRY PI BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Eryawan Bagus , Jayati Ari Endang , Heranurweni Sri
Published: January 2020

High economic growth makes the demand for comfortable and safe houses increase and the application of technology that is most clearly seen is technology with automatic systems. With this technology, the use of electricity in the house can be minimized and offer convenience in controlling the house. Sometimes homeowners forget to turn off the lights when they are outside the house so they have to go back and do checks that are very inefficient both in terms of time and financially such as the cost of gasoline to return to the house. Based on this, the Smart Home Prototype was created with the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) using Raspberry Pi Web-Based, which is a system that can remotely control electronic home appliances using Raspberry Pi as a base system, which is connected to Web Applications through the internet network. The electronic equipment used in this study is in the form of 5 lamps, 1 stepper motor to control the garage, 1 servo motor to control the door lock, and 1 brushless motor that functions as a fan. Blocking and overall test results on Bedroom Lights, Living Room Lights, Kitchen Lights, Bathroom Lights, Porch Lights, Garages, Door Locks, and Fans, all work well. The testing of the distance between cities against the Prototype Smart Home was successfully carried out, where the Prototype Smart Home in the City of Demak was successfully controlled by the User who at the time of testing was in the City of Semarang, Kudus, Japan, Surabaya, and Jakarta.
ANALISA SISTEM KERJA PERANGKAT AKTIF PT. TELKOM AKSES
Authors: Prasetyo Andika Singgih , Erlinasari Erlinasari
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana sistem kerja di PT. Telkom Akses karena setelah penulis menganalisa sistem perangkat aktif   PT. Telkom Akses, terdapat banyak manfaat bagi pelanggan ketika mereka mengalami kerusakan atau gangguan pada jaringan internet. Objek penelitian dalam penelitian ini yaitu system perangkat aktif PT. Telkom Akses. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan Studi lapangan yang meliputi wawancara dan pengamatan secara langsung serta Studi kepustakaan berdasarkan pada literatur terkait objek penelitian. Penulis hanya membahas dan menganalisa perangkat MSAN (Multi Service Access Node) saja. Hasil dari analisa tersebut adalah MSAN merupakan perangkat aktif karena mengaktifkan jaringan internet dan telepon sebelum ke pelanggan. Perangkat ini bergantung pada suplai listrik dari pln dan mendapat jaringan dari metro Ethernet menggunakan kabel FO (fiber optic)
RANCANG BANGUN BANTAL TERAPI BERBASIS ARDUINO
Authors: Ningtias Diah Rahayu , Sudarma Made Putra , Harsoyo Imam Tri
Published: January 2020

One form of physiotherapy is utilizing heat for recovery. Heat therapy can open blood vessels wider, thereby increasing blood flow and supply of oxygen and nutrients to reduce pain in joints, muscles, ligaments and injured tanks. To help health services in the field of physiotherapy the author modifies the therapeutic pillow with Arduino Uno and DS18B20 based as a temperature sensor, LCD as a temperature viewer and a timer and button that functions to choose how long it takes to do therapy. The design of therapeutic pillows is divided into two, namely hardware and software design, hardware design including power supply, a series of drivers and system scenarios. While the software design of this tool uses the Arduino and proteus applications as software. The result of the percentage error at the TP2 measurement is 0.02%. The measurement results on TP3 when the tool is off or off, then the circuit does not get a voltage while when the device is turned on or on the driver circuit gets a voltage of 1.4 Volt. After making the process of making, testing, testing tools and data collection, the author has succeeded in designing a heat therapy pillow using a temperature sensor and ARDUINO UNO based timer controller that can provide convenience when going to heat therapy because it is equipped with an automatically controlled temperature sensor and controller timer. by DS1820 temperature sensor. A therapeutic pillow based on Arduino with 10 minutes of therapy results in a temperature of 41 °C.

  
RANCANG BANGUN SMART HOME AUTOMATIC CONTROL dengan KOMUNIKASI MELALUI BLUETOOTH HC-05 BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER ARDUINO dan ANDROID
Authors: Erwinnanto Yohan , Kurniawan N Andi , Heranurweni Sri
Published: January 2020

Design of Smart Home Automatic Control with Communications Via Bluetooth HC-05-Based Microcontroller Arduino and Android, will provide all the comfort, safety, security and energy savings, which takes place automatically and programmed via microcontroller, the house or building. Design of Smart Home Automatic with Control Communications Via Bluetooth HC-05-Based Microcontroller Arduino and Android is intended for automatic control processes.

The system consists of seven sensors, keypad password for security doors, HC-05 Bluetooth GSM alarm application and device control applications aktuaktor, and aktuaktor buzzer, dc motors, lights, fans and fan dc exhausting. Among these sensors is a PIR sensor to detect theft, sensor MQ6 to detect leakage of LPG gas and smoke from fires, sensor HC-SR04 ultrasonic for automatic garage doors, fire sensors to detect a fire, the sensor LM35 to detect the temperature of the room, when the room temperature is hot the fan will be on automatically, when the cold room temperature will shut off the fan and LDR sensor to detect the intensity of light during the day which turn the lights off automatically and vice versa, thus saving energy. Homeowners can also control lights and monitoring sensors with android phones that are connected with communication via Bluetooth HC-05 microcontroller arduino, and can receive GSM alarm application sensors such as calling and sms.

Test results are used UART communication data transmission between the microcontroller serial monitor monitor has an error of 0 % . HC - 05 Bluetooth can accept orders at the farthest distance of 11 meters . The fire sensor can work well when the fire was 1-10 cm . Sensor HC - SR04 is already working with an error rate of 0.3 %, so the accuracy of this tool by 100 % - 0.3 % = 99.7 % .

Keywords : Security Door , Bluetooth HC - 05 , Microcontroller Arduino and Android , Application Control and Application GSM alarm.
ANALISIS KUAT TEKAN BETON DENGAN AGREGAT PASIR DARI BOYOLALI MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN TAMBAH ABU SEKAM PEMBAKARAN KAYU DAN SERBUK HALUS ARANG BRIKET
Authors: Suwiyono Timbul Catur , Purwanto Purwanto , Kustirini Anik
Published: January 2020

Concrete research has been carried out, this study utilizes wood burning husk ash and fine powder of briquette charcoal as an added material from the weight of cement and sand used from Boyolali. This study aims to determine the compressive strength of concrete with materials added to wood burning husk ash and fine powder of briquette charcoal. Material variations added wood burning husk ash and briquette charcoal fine powder by 0%, 10%, 20% by weight of cement. This study used 0.5 fas and concrete testing at the age of 7 days, 14 days and 28 days. From the test results the average compressive strength of concrete at the age of 7 days with a material variation of 10% added was 15.05 MPA, and a material variation of 20% added was 13.47 MPA. Concrete at the age of 14 days with a material variation of 10% added is 15.76 MPA, and a material variation of 20% is 13.18 MPA. concrete at 28 days with a material variation of 10% added is 14.32 MPA, and a 20% added material variation is 14.32 MPA.

 

Keywords; wood burning husk ash, compressive strength, fine briquette charcoal powder

 

Abstrak

Penelitian beton telah banyak dilakukan, penelitian ini memanfaatkan abu sekam pembakaran kayu dan serbuk halus arang briket sebagai bahan tambah dari berat semen dan pasir yang digunakan dari boyolali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kuat tekan beton dengan bahan tambah abu sekam pembakaran kayu dan serbuk halus arang briket. Variasi bahan tambah abu sekam pembakaran kayu dan serbuk halus arang briket sebesar 0%, 10%, 20% dari berat semen. Penelitian ini menggunakan fas 0,5 dan pengujian beton pada umur 7 hari, 14 hari dan 28 hari. Dari hasil pengujian kuat tekan rata-rata beton pada umur 7 hari dengan variasi bahan tambah 10% adalah 15,05 MPA, dan vari asi bahan tambah 20% adalah 13,47 MPA. Beton pada umur 14 hari dengan variasi bahan tambah 10% adalah 15,76 MPA, dan variasi bahan tambah 20% adalah 13,18 MPA. beton pada umur 28 hari dengan variasi bahan tambah 10% adalah 14,32 MPA, dan vari asi bahan tambah 20% adalah 14,32 MPA.

 

Kata kunci : abu sekam pembakaran kayu, kuat tekan, serbuk halus arang briket
KINERJA PIPA RESAPAN SEBAGAI PENDUKUNG KONSERVASI AIR
Authors: Susilo Edy , Budiningrum Diah Setyati Setyati
Published: January 2020

Perubahan tataguna lahan yang menjadikan permukaan tanah semakin kedap menyebabkan penurunan infiltrasi air tanah dan peningkatan debit aliran permukaan. Berbagai upaya yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan sumur resapan dan biopori belum mencapai hasil yang diharapkan. Pipa resapan horisontal diharapkan menjadi salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Dengan menggunakan pipa horisontal dinding berlubang panjang 2 m sampai 7 m diameter 10 cm diperoleh pengaruh variabel panjang terhadap debit resapan air di dalam tanah. Debit resapan air dengan pipa horisontal diameter 30 cm, panjang L cm, rasio lubang dinding 0.028, dan tinggi tekan air H cm pada tanah jenis clay dengan permeabilitas 7.09 x 10-6 cm/detik dinyatakan dengan persamaan Q=0.00019xL0,913 xH2.3965 . Debit banjir pada sebuah DAS dihitung dengan rumus Rasional dan kebutuhan pipa resapan horisontal dapat diperoleh dengan menggunakan grafik. Penggunaan pipa resapan horisontal dengan spesifikasi lain dan jenis tanah yang berbeda perlu dilakukan pengembangan penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan untuk memelihara konservasi air sekaligus penangan permasalahan banjir

Kata kunci: pipa resapan horisontal, konservasi, banjir
ANALISA DAYA DUKUNG TIANG PANCANG BETON RUMAH SAKIT BRAYAT MINULYA SURAKARTA - JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Budiningrum Dyah Setyati , Kustirini Anik
Published: January 2020

Perencanaan struktur bawah pada rumah sakit haruslah kuat, karena rumah sakit merupakan tempat untuk memulihkan kesehatan. Pondasi tiang pancang berfungsi untuk meneruskan beban pada bangunan menuju tanah secara merata. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menghitung daya dukung tiang berdasarkan kekuatan tanah dan menghitung daya dukung tiang kelompok. Pondasi yang dipakai dalam perencanaan gedung rumah sakit ini adalah jenis pondasi tiang pancang dengan dimensi penampang 40x40 cm, dengan panjang 12 m  dan untuk perhitungan daya dukung berdasarkan gesekan tanah dengan tanah (friction). Jumlah tiang pancang dalam kelompok tiang adalah 4 buah tiang pancang. Daya dukung maksimum setiap tiang pancang memenuhi persyaratan, sehingga 4 buah tiang pancang dalam kelompok tiang aman dipakai.

 

Kata kunci: pondasi; tanah; tiang pancang; daya dukung.
دور الإعلام الجديد في تعزيز أنماط المواطنة في إقليم كوردستان العراق
Authors: Abdulrahman Kawa Ezzadin
Published: January 2020

المستخلص:

أصبح الإعلام الجديد قوة مؤثرة في عصرنا الحالي، وأصبح وسيلة ضغط على السلطات السياسية، لهذا السبب يهدف هذا البحث الى تعرٌف دور الإعلام الجديد في تعزيز المواطنة في إقليم كوردستان العراق، ولأجل تحقيق ذلك تم اختار الكوادر الحزبية بلغ (120) كادراً في الخمسة الاحزاب الكوردية الرئيسة، ولقياس هذا الهدف تم تبني مقياس أنماط المواطنة والتي تتكون بالصيغة النهائية (18) فقرة في كل مجالات السياسية و الاقتصادية و الاجنماعية، وقد استخرج الباحثون لكل من شروط الصدق و الثبات، وتطبيق الوسائل الإحصائية المناسبة كي يصلو الى أهداف البحث، وأشار أهم النتائج البحث الى أن الإعلام الجديد ينتج ثقافة المشاركة السياسية و يوحد السياسات الاقتصادية .