bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relevance of the anterior cingulate cortex volume and personality in motivated physical activity behaviors
Authors: Miró-Padilla Anna , Adrián-Ventura Jesús , Cherednichenko Anastasia , Monzonís-Carda Irene , Beltran-Valls Maria Reyes , MolinerUrdiales Diego , Ávila César
Published: October 2023

Some recent theories about the origins and maintenance of regular physical activity focus on the rewards of the properties of practicing this activity. Animal and human studies have demonstrated that mesolimbic dopamine plays a crucial role in the involvement in voluntary physical activity. Here, we test this possible role in a sample of 66 right-handed healthy young adults by studying the influence of personality and the volume of reward-related brain areas on individual differences in voluntary physical activity, objectively measured by accelerometer and subjectively self-reported by questionnaire. Our results show that a smaller volume of the right anterior cingulate cortex and lower scores on reward sensitivity contributed to explaining low levels of daily physical activity. Moreover, the volume of the right anterior cingulate cortex correlates positively with self-reported total physical activity. Results are discussed by highlighting the need to use objective measures of daily physical activity, as well as the important role of the anterior cingulate cortex and personality in promoting effortful and invigorating actions to obtain rewards.
Balancing dynamic evolution of active sites for urea oxidation in practical scenarios
Authors: Zhang Jichao , Zhu Jiexin , Kang Liqun , Zhang Qing , Liu Longxiang , Guo Fei , Li Kaiqi , Feng Jianrui , Xia Lixue , Lv Lei , Zong Wei , Shearing Paul R. , Brett Dan J. L. , Parkin Ivan P. , Song Xuedan , Mai Liqiang , He Guanjie
Published: October 2023

The role of single atomic Ru site for enhanced UOR performance.
Preparation of Ru-doped TiO2 nanotube arrays through anodizing TiRu alloys for bifunctional HER/OER electrocatalysts
Authors: Liu Yuejiao , Wang Xixin , Yang Mengyao , Li Ying , Xiao Yue , Zhao Jianling
Published: October 2023

In this research, Ru-doped TiO2 nanotube arrays (Ru-TNTA) were prepared by anodizing TiRu alloys, and the effects of annealing temperature, Ru content and test temperature on their performances for the HER and the OER were investigated.
Recent progress in bimetallic carbide-based electrocatalysts for water splitting
Authors: Bao Xiaobing , Wang Teng , Yang Yong
Published: October 2023

This review provides recent progresses in bimetallic carbides (Bi-TMCs) catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in water splitting.
Electrocatalytic and photocatalytic activity of CuTiO3 perovskites for complete degradation of methylene blue under sunlight irradiation
Authors: F. M. Sanakousar , C. C. Vidyasagar , D. B. Shikandar , Mounesh  , C. C. Viswanatha , Chigari Swapna S.
Published: October 2023

Inexpensive copper titanate (CuTiO3) perovskites was synthesized by a simple solvothermal method by varying the molar ratios of Cu2+ (0.10, 0.15, and 0.20 M) for degradation of methylene blue dye.
Recent advances in combining photo- and N-heterocyclic carbene catalysis
Authors: Wang Xiaochen , Wu Senhui , Yang Rongxin , Song Hongjian , Liu Yuxiu , Wang Qingmin
Published: October 2023

This review summarizes recent advances in combining photo- and N-heterocyclic carbene catalysis, as well as provides an outlook on future opportunities and challenges.
Revisiting organic charge-transfer cocrystals for wide-range tunable, ambient phosphorescence
Authors: Kongasseri Anju Ajayan , Ansari Shagufi Naz , Garain Swadhin , Wagalgave Sopan M. , George Subi J.
Published: October 2023

A wide-range tunable triplet charge-transfer (3CT) phosphorescence emission is achieved by an intermolecular through-space charge-transfer cocrystallization approach using pyromellitic diimide as the acceptor and different donors.
Optimal operation of microgrid with consideration of V2G's uncertainty
Authors: Luo Zhengjie , Ren Hui , Xin Guoyu , Xu Mingkuo , Wang Fei , Zhang Yichi
Published: October 2023

The aggregation of the remaining battery capacity of electric vehicles (EVs) can be used as distributed energy storage to participate in the microgrid optimisation through vehicle‐to‐grid (V2G) technology. However, the reliability of this service to be delivered is affected by the uncertainty of EVs’ behaviour. The un‐reliable service will bring risks in the operation of microgrid when EVs’ V2G electricity is regarded as an important flexibility resource. This paper, first proposes an analytical method to quantify the reliability of EV aggregation's (EVA's) V2G electricity based on the analysis of historical charging data and compound Poisson process. Based on this model, electric vehicles aggregators can evaluate the V2G bid quantity for any time slot on day t+1 according to the reliability requirements. Secondly, an optimal operation model of microgrid with consideration of V2G's reliability is considered. Finally, a test system with photovoltaics (PVs) and EVA on top of the original IEEE 33‐node system is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model. The results show that with the proposed reliability evaluation method of V2G electricity, the optimal operation of the microgrid can be reached with appropriate evaluation of the capability of the EVA.
Pre-supernova feedback sets the star cluster mass function to a power law and reduces the cluster formation efficiency
Authors: Andersson Eric P. , Mac Low Mordecai-Mark , Agertz Oscar , Renaud Florent , Li Hui
Published: October 2023

Context. The star cluster initial mass function is observed to have an inverse power law exponent around 2, yet there is no consensus on what determines this distribution, and why some variation is observed in different galaxies. Furthermore, the cluster formation efficiency (CFE) covers a range of values, particularly when considering different environments. These clusters are often used to empirically constrain star formation and as fundamental units for stellar feedback models. Detailed galaxy models must therefore accurately capture the basic properties of observed clusters to be considered predictive.

Aims. We study how feedback mechanisms acting on different timescales and with different energy budgets affect the star cluster mass function and CFE.

Methods. We use hydrodynamical simulations of a dwarf galaxy as a laboratory to study star cluster formation. We test different combinations of stellar feedback mechanisms, including stellar winds, ionizing radiation, and supernovae (SNe).

Results. Each feedback mechanism affects the CFE and cluster mass function. Increasing the feedback budget by combining the different types of feedback decreases the CFE by reducing the number of massive clusters. Ionizing radiation is found to be especially influential. This effect depends on the timing of feedback initiation, as shown by comparing early and late feedback. Early feedback occurs from ionizing radiation and stellar winds with onset immediately after a massive star is formed. Late feedback occurs when energy injection only starts after the main-sequence lifetime of the most massive SN progenitor, a timing that is further influenced by the choice of the most massive SN progenitor. Late feedback alone results in a broad, flat mass function, approaching a log-normal shape in the complete absence of feedback. Early feedback, on the other hand, produces a power-law cluster mass function with lower CFE, albeit with a steeper slope than that usually observed.
Disaster management in clinical laboratories and blood banks
Authors: Ayhan Fahri Yüce
Published: October 2023

The challenge of disaster management in healthcare facilities is dealing with the incident’s consequences and maintaining regular operations. Diagnostic and clinical microbiology laboratories have a critical role in the early diagnosis of causative agents of infectious diseases that could spread rapidly in the community and lead to outbreaks. Blood banks are also crucial to maintain the blood supply chain and to cope with the raised demand for blood components because of disaster-related injuries. It is thus necessary to prepare emergency plans, including step-by-step action plans for various disaster scenarios. Even though inconvenient conditions exist during disasters, biosafety and biosecurity precautions still apply, as well as quality control requirements in diagnostic and clinical laboratories and blood banks.
Design and Cryogenic Performance of a Hexapod Platform for a Large Ground-based Wide Field Survey Telescope
Authors: Yu Yang , Wang Xue-Wen , Zhang Yu , Sun Jia-Lin , Xu Zhen-Bang , Wang Jian-Li
Published: October 2023

The thermal gradient is an important factor that causes degradation to the image quality of telescopes. In order to ensure the accurate alignment of the primary focus unit and the primary mirror, the hexapod platform (as a corrector) is investigated in this paper. First, a ground-based telescope with 2.5 m aperture and 3.5 deg field of view is described. The telescope is under construction, and it is expected to be finished in 2023. Second, the hexapod platform with flexure hinges utilized to adjust the primary focus unit is proposed, which is applied as a corrector. Then, the inverse kinematics of the platform is established and an open-loop control system is built based on it. Finally, the cryogenic performance test for the hexapod platform is performed. The experimental results show that the resolution and repeatability of the translation for the hexapod platform can be achieved at the micrometer level. The resolution and repeatability of the rotation can be achieved at the arc-second level. Therefore, the cryogenic performance of the hexapod platform can meet the optical imaging requirements of the wide-field ground-based telescope. The kinematic analysis and cryogenic performance tests in the paper provide a technical reference for the precise alignment of the primary focus unit and the primary mirror, which can improve the imaging quality of the telescope.
Investigation of Carter method for locating slip surfaces and its performance on varying slope conditions
Authors: Novanti N A , Lu C W , Lin T S , Lee W L , Lin Y F
Published: October 2023

Assessment of slope internal deformation has been regarded as a crucial factor in the investigation of landslide scale and its run-out distance. The information on the ground surface is easier to obtain by generating UAV and SAR data while investigating slip surfaces beneath the ground surface is costly and time-consuming. Carter and Bentley (1985) proposed a simple method, which utilizes ground surface measurement to estimate the position and shape of the slip surface and has been applied in the field study in recent years. However, the applicability of Carter’s method has not been investigated comprehensively due to the difficulty of gathering data beneath the ground surface. In order to gather comprehensive data on slope deformation in the entire landslide process, a numerical model of the material point method (MPM) is adopted to simulate landslide failure in varied slope angle, which is 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90°. In this study, numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the performance of Carter’s method in predicting slip surfaces under different slope angles. The performance of Carter’s method was evaluated by the concordance correlation coefficient, and the results indicated that the located sliding surface by Carter’s method shows a well-predicted capability.
Modeling Geocells as Slope Reinforcement Using the Limit Equilibrium Method
Authors: Nurtjahjaningtyas Indra , Wicaksono Luthfi Amri , Shofi Achmad Magh Robi
Published: October 2023

Geocell is a geosynthetic used in foundation works, road construction and slope reinforcement. This research on slope reinforcement with geocells was conducted in a landslide affected area. The case study is a landslide on an access road to a tourist area in East Java, Indonesia, which resulted in almost the entire road body collapsing. In this research, modeling will be carried out using the LEM (Limit Equilibrium method) method with geoslope software to determine the increase in the Safety Factor (SF) value. The results of the slope stability analysis in the condition without reinforcement resulted in an SF value of 0,585. Reinforcement planning was carried out with 3 models at a depth of 9.6 meters and using a 57°slope. Modeling 1, 2, and 3 respectively used geocell sizes with lengths of 1.5 and 4 meters, 1.5 meters and 5 meters, 1.5 meters and 6 meters. The results of the slope stability analysis in modeling 1, 2, and 3 resulted in SF values of 0.783, 0.912, and 1.027, which means that in this study the increase in SF value in direct backfill conditions without reinforcement compared to modeling 1, 2, and 3 was 33.85%, 55.90% and 75.56%.
Research on the Carter Method for the location of sliding surfaces based on a numerical study
Authors: Lin T S , Lu C W , Novanti N A , Lee W L , Lin Y F
Published: October 2023

In order to investigate the potential location and magnitude of a landslide, the information regarding the location and shape of the sliding surface is important. However, obtaining such information through underground investigations is costly and time-consuming. A method proposed by Carter and Bentley (1985) provides an approach to predict the sliding surface based on ground surface information. With help of advanced techniques such as UAVs and SAR satellites, Carter’s method has been utilized in field sites of potential landslide areas recently. Geophysical surveys and drilling data are commonly used validation data, but the temporal and spatial resolutions of these data are rough and rare. For this problem, this study generated high temporal and spatial resolution data of landslide behaviour by a physically based model and these data were utilized to investigate the capability and limitations of Carter’s method. Firstly, a scenario of slope failure on a 30-degree slope was performed by a numerical model using the material point method (MPM). Next, Carter’s method was applied to predicted the sliding surface using ground surface data obtained from the MPM simulation, and the results were compared with the sliding surface data from the MPM simulation. Finally, we perform an error analysis using the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) to assess the reliability of Carter’s method. The findings of this study contribute to understanding the capabilities and limitations of Carter’s method in landslide analysis and provide insights for improving landslide risk assessment and mitigation strategies.
Case History of Random Material Shear Strength Evaluation using In-situ Large Scale Direct Shear Test in the Construction of the Longest Dam in the Southeast Asian
Authors: Sahadewa A
Published: October 2023

A modern dam offers many benefits to society, including water conservation, farming sustainability, energy source, and recreational activities. In Indonesia, more than 50 dams are constructed as strategic national projects within the last decade. A zoned earth-fill dam, built using soil and rock materials, is one of the most common dam types in Indonesia. This dam allows a specific material type to be placed in a particular zone, including random material fill zone. A random material is usually obtained from dam excavation work as well as borrow area. It normally contains wide range of grain sizes and a variety of weathering degree. On one hand, this material is very economic. On the other hand, it introduces a challenge in shear strength assessment. Random material frequently contains large size grain that inhibits regular laboratory test use. A catastrophic Indonesian dam construction failure in 2021 was partly attributed to inadequacy in assessing shear strength of random material. This case history highlighted the importance of a proper random material shear strength evaluation. The other dams coincidentally under construction at that time then experienced rigorous shear strength evaluations, including Semantok Dam in Nganjuk, East Java. This dam, designed to be approximately 33-m max high and 3.1-km long, is the current longest dam in the Southeast Asian. An in-situ large scale direct shear device as large as 80 cm × 80 cm × 30 cm was developed to test random material in Semantok Dam. Eight locations in random fill zones were selected. Three series of direct shear test were conducted in each location. Testing results based on 24-large size sample showed a great variability in Mohr-Coulomb parameters. The angle of internal friction ranged from 11.4° to 36.7° with average value of 27.8°, whereas the cohesion varied from 25.3 kPa to 138.6 kPa with average value of 85.2 kPa. High variation in shear strength parameters showed that such test should be performed to verify the design parameter. This in-situ large scale direct shear test provides an appealing method to assess shear strength of random material. This large-scale test is strongly recommended for a common practice in dam construction.
Mitigation of Slope Failure in Residential Area Located Southwest of Jakarta
Authors: Gunawan Anthony
Published: October 2023

A slope with soil from soft to medium consistency is at risk of slope failure. This situation occurred in a residential area located Southwest of Jakarta. Due to heavy rainfall, a slope next to an existing road which runs alongside a river experienced slope failure. Three alternatives were considered to prevent occurrence of slope failures. The methods considered were mechanically stabilized earth retaining wall, and sheet pile with two possible positions, i.e., crest of slope or mid-slope. In this paper, the three alternatives are presented. Due to a second slope failure which occurred, sheet pile installed at the crest of the slope was chosen as it provides the quickest installation time to stabilize the slope.
Shallow Coastal Carbonate Sediment Mapping for Biomimetics MICP, Case Study of Indonesia Beachrock, Yogyakarta
Authors: Daryono L R , Nakashima K , Kawasaki S
Published: October 2023

The nomenclature for beachrock sedimentary has been in scientific discussions prior to the notable methodology of sustainable cementitious binding material based on microbially induced calcium carbonate (MICP). Typically, coastal erosion mitigation involves modifying surface conditions using materials like concrete, among other materials. This study aims to challenge the conventional practice by evaluating the feasibility of expeditiously constructing artificial beachrock utilizing natural components (e.g., microbes, sand, shells, coral fragments, seaweed, etc.) and propose it as an innovative coastal protection strategy. The primary focus of this research is to characterize the Java South coast, specifically Parangtritis Beach and Krakal-Sadranan Beach, where beachrock formations are present. Subsequent investigations were conducted to (i) identify occurrences of beachrock deposits in Krakal-Sadranan, Yogyakarta, and (ii) develop cementation method based on ureolytic bacteria derived from naturally formed beachrock as an alternative technique for stabilizing sandy coastal environments. The experiment employed bacteria isolated from the Yogyakarta coast (Pseudoalteromonas tetradonis). The outcomes revealed that the sample treated with a gradually injected cementation solution achieved an approximate strength of 10 MPa after a 14-day treatment.
Engineering geology for site characterization in Tunnel 2 Bintang Bano irrigation area, West Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara Province
Authors: Suryani Fitri , Indrawan I Gde Budi , Setiawan Nugroho Imam
Published: October 2023

Site characteristics develop a better understanding of geological conditions to prevent tunnel failure. Tunnel 2 Bintang Bano Irrigation Area in Seloto, West Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara Province, was designed with different interpretations of geological conditions that could lead to inaccuracy of the tunnel design. This paper aims to identify the characteristics of the tunnel site area through engineering geology, including morphological and lithological unit, geological structure, and geomechanics, which are rock mass characterization using Rock Mass Rating (RMR) and Tunnelling Quality Index (Q-system), for the excavation planning area. This area is identified as volcanic landforms categorized as lava ridges with steep slopes and alluvial plains with very sloping slopes. The lithologies are altered andesite and gravelly sand unit. Altered andesite with tuff intercalation was found in the subsurface. The tunnel is projected to be excavated in rock mass with dominantly fair rock with ratings (±40≤RMR≤65/±4.33≤Q-System≤8.67) approximately 60% of the excavation area, ±30% area of good rock (63≤RMR≤69/10.67≤Q-system≤11.40) and 10% poor rock (26≤RMR≤40/1≤Q-system≤3.57).
An empirical assessment of selection excavation methods and support system in Budong-Budong Dam diversion tunnel, Central Mamuju, West Sulawesi Province
Authors: Elya H , Hendrayana H , Indrawan I G B
Published: October 2023

Budong-Budong Dam is located on Salulebo River, West Sulawesi Province, and has a diversion tunnel to divert river flow so as not to interfere with construction at the main dam. This diversion tunnel has a D shape which is dimensions 5 m. The Method used in empirically assessing rock mass quality is Rock Mass Rating (RMR) and Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE). The data used are RMR values and rock-type categories. The results show that the diversion tunnel is in lithology tuffaceous sandstone intercalation tuffaceous siltstone and tuffaceous breccias. Weathering degree from slightly-weathered to highly-weathered. The dominance RMR value is 27-53 and rock-category is CII with L massif rock type. The excavation method based on RMR is top-heading and bench and the excavation method based on JSCE is a full-face method with an auxiliary bench cut. Support systems proposed by RMR and JSCE are rock-bolts, shotcrete, and steel sets (steel support). Even though it has been done empirically, it needs to be considered for modeling to be effective and efficient.
Value engineering and its application in the Tehran-Shomal freeway project
Authors: Biglar Mozaffar , Aftabi Milad , Hosseini Shilan , Rahimi Babak , Zohrabi Mehdi
Published: October 2023

The Tehran-Shomal freeway is a significant road project in the Middle East, connecting Tehran to northern Iran. Spanning 121 kilometers, the project includes four sections, 195 tunnels, and 83 bridges. The unique topography of the Alborz Mountains necessitates various structures. Value Engineering is crucial in minimizing construction time and costs while maintaining quality. This paper focuses on the application of Value Engineering in the Tehran-Shomal freeway project, specifically on the 27-30 east lane variant. Alternative variants were considered to address potential challenges. The Analytical Hierarchy Process was used to compare three alternatives, leading to the replacement of the initial plan with an integrated long tunnel. This offered numerous advantages, including cost and time reduction, improved route geometry, environmental preservation, reduced geotechnical issues, and increased safety. A significant milestone was the successful implementation of the alternative variant, passing under the west lane in specific sections. This required extensive instrumentation, controlled blasting, and a customized support system. This article presents illustrations of the plans and tunnel construction under special circumstances, along with a detailed technical-financial comparison between the integrated long tunnel and the combined option of bridges, tunnels, and false tunnels in variant 27-30.
Strength Characteristics of Clay Soil Admixed with Sand and Ca-based Stabiliser for Reduced Carbon Emissions
Authors: Chong W-A , Chan C-M , Cheong P-C , Sani S , Yahya N F
Published: October 2023

Clay is exhibited as plastic and sticky when a large amount of water is added to it. A stabilisation trial was developed using mixes of clayey sand and chemical stabilisation for the soil. Clayey sand samples were prepared by mixing different sand-clay ratios (5S5C, 7S3C, 9S1C and 10S0C). Then, chemical stabilization was applied by adding Ca-based binding agent at different ratios of 0%, 2% and 4% of the total weight of the clayey sand samples. A series of Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) tests were performed on the clayey sand samples at four curing times (3, 7, 14 and 28 days). The materials utilised in this study were river sand, lateritic clay and Ca-based binding agent. The results showed that the UCS of clayey sand increases with stabiliser content and curing time. The UCS of 5S5C with 2% stabiliser was found to be increased significantly from 135.25 kPa to 977.41 kPa after 3 curing days. It complies with the Malaysia Public Works Department (MPWD) standards, i.e. the minimum UCS requirement of 800 kPa. In addition, the elastic modulus of clayey sand increased with cement content, indicating that the soil’s stiffness increased with increasing cement content. It is recommended to add Ca-based binding agent at 2% to the 5S5C due to economic cost. Nearly 50% of quantity, cost and number of transportations could be saved by using the Ca-based binding agent.
The adaptability of soybean high yield varieties and farmer preferences in dry land area
Authors: Yusron Muchamad , Handoko Sigid , Tan Siti Sehat
Published: October 2023

Soybean development is currently directed to dry land areas. To support this program, IAARD has released some new varieties with a yield potential above 3 tons/ha. The aim of this study was to know the adaptability of new varieties of soybean and farmers preference in dry land areas. The field experiment was conducted in Grobogan Regency, using factorial randomized block design with two factors. The first factor was fertilizer dosage combined with bio fertilizer and the second factor was five soybean varieties. Farmer preference test was performed by interviewing the respondents. Measurements of the farmer attitudes, opinions, and perceptions was done using Likert scale. The results showed that Grobogan variety was better adapted to the dry land conditions of Grobogan Regency. The application of fertilizers combined with biofertilizers increased soybean growth and production. The highest plant (52.42 cm) and the highest soybean yield (2.165 t/ha) were obtained in the farmer’s dosage treatment combined with biofertilizers. The order of farmers preference for the tested varieties was Grobogan, Biosoy, Devon, Dega and Detap. These preferences were mostly based on crop productivity, seed size, seed availability, and ease of selling the yield.
Collection and inventory of pests on several sorghum varieties
Authors: Nonci N , Sebayang A , Arief R
Published: October 2023

The research with aim of collecting and inventorying several pests of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moech) crops was carried out in Bajeng Agricultural Technology Research and Development Installation, Gowa District, South Sulawesi, and Entomology Laboratory of Indonesian Cereals Research Institute from March until October 2021 and from March until July 2022. Observations on 11 sorghum varieties (Mandau, UPCA-S1, Numbu, Kawali, Super 1, Super 2, Suri 3, Suri 4, Soper 6, Soper 7, and Soper 9) and several types of pests attacked were carried out at vegetative and generative stages by determined 25 plant samples at random. The results in 2021 showed that at vegetative stages, pests were Ostrinia furnacalis Gueene, Sesamia inferens Walker, Spodoptera frugiferda JE Smith, and Aphis sp. each with a population of 1-3 larvae/plant, 5-13 larvae/plant, and 1-2 larvae/plant respectively, while the scoring of Aphis sp. between 5-7 for all varieties of sorghum. At the generative stage of O. furnacalis and Nola sorghiella Riley was found with a population between 3-5 larvae/panicle, 9-13 larvae/panicle, and a score of Aphis sp. between 5–9. In 2022 at the vegetative and generative stage, the same pests’ species were found with O. furnacalis were 1-2 larvae/plant, S. inferens 3-5 larvae/plant, and S. frugiferda 1-2 larvae/plant. The score of Aphis sp. was between 5-7 for all varieties. At the generative stage, O. furnacalis, N. sorghiella, Heliothis sp., and Aphis sp. were found. Each pest species was 3-5 larvae/panicle, 9-13 larvae/panicle, and 1-2 larvae/panicle while scoring for Aphis sp. between 5-9.
Detection of bacterial pathogen on corn plants and test the potential of endophytic microbes to controlling stewart wilt disease in vitro
Authors: Muis Amran , Djaenuddin Nurasiah , Nonci Nurnina , Najamuddin Erwin , Pakki Syahrir , Mirsam Hishar , Suriani  , Amran Farizah D.
Published: October 2023

The use of synthetic pesticides to increase maize production sustainably contributes to increasing the development of pathogens and tends to be less effective in environmental conditions that support pathogens. In addition, the emergence of environmental pollution due to the use of chemicals causes the need for environmentally-friendly control technologies. Endophytic microbes are biological agents that can be used to plant disease control that is environmentally friendly and practical in their application. The study aimed to detect pathogenic bacteria that cause wilt and blight in maize and then examine the potential of several endophytic microbial isolates in controlling Stewart wilt pathogens in maize in vitro. The research was carried out from February to July 2021 at the Cereal Crop Research Institute Laboratory in Maros for morphological identification and microbial potential testing, while serological tests were carried out at the Makassar Plant Quarantine Laboratory, South Sulawesi. The study began with detecting pathogenic bacteria serologically using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. The results showed that blight symptoms on corn isolated from the experimental garden of IP2TP Bajeng Gowa Regency PS-4 and PS-5 were detected as bacteria Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii. The antagonistic test of endophytic bacterial isolates I.A1, II.D1, III.A2, IV.B2, and endophytic fungi isolates AC-1, AC-3, and DC-5 was able to suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria isolates PS-4 and PS-5 The growth suppression of pathogenic bacteria was observed by forming inhibitory zones of antibiosis compounds. Pathogenic bacteria Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii can be controlled using endophytic microbes.
Optimization of the use of local feed ingredients from agricultural waste against the weight of broiler chicken carcasses
Authors: Praptiwi I I , Wahida
Published: October 2023

Feed is made from a mixture of ingredients that contain nutrients needed by livestock, these feed ingredients are the result of agricultural production and agricultural production waste. This study aims to determine the body weight of broiler chickens with feed derived from agricultural waste in Merauke Regency. This study used a randomized group design with 3 treatments and 3 repeats (A1: mash feed, A2: pellet feed without adhesive, A3: Pellet feed using adhesive). The results of research using feed ingredients derived from agricultural waste in Merauke Regency showed that the highest broiler carcass weight was obtained in the pellet feed treatment using adhesive with a value of 992 gr, then at the A2 treatment (Pellets without adhesive) of 962.67 gr, and finally the carcass weight was obtained at the A1 (Mash) treatment, amounting to 932 gr, the maintenance time for 35 days. This shows that Merauke Regency’s agricultural waste can be used as feed ingredients.
Effect of shoot pruning and chicken manure on fruit set and yield of cayenne pepper grown on a sandy dryland soil
Authors: Jaya I K D , Jihadi A. , Sudirman
Published: October 2023

Improving the soil properties of a sandy dryland and carbohydrate allocation in crops grown on it is vital for crop production. This study explores the potential benefits of applying chicken manure and shoots pruning on fruit sets and the yield of cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) grown on sandy dryland soil. An experiment testing a hybrid variety of cayenne pepper (Dewata 43) was conducted in Gumantar village, North Lombok, Indonesia (8.253654 S, 116.285695 E). Chicken manure treatment consisted of three levels; no chicken manure, chicken manure, and Trichoderma-enriched chicken manure at 3.5 ton ha−1. Pruning consisted of two levels; unpruned and pruned at three weeks after planting. The treatments were arranged factorially in a randomized block design with three replications. The study revealed that the soil was low in organic matter and had low nutrient content. Pruning did not show a significant effect, but chicken manure affected the fruit set and yield of cayenne pepper. Trichoderma-enriched chicken manure produced the highest fruit set (93%) and fruit weight per plant (286 g). The highest yield up to the fifth harvest was much lower than the variety’s yield potential, indicating room for improvement in cayenne pepper production in sandy dryland soils.
Effect of various formulations of Piper aduncum botanical pesticide and concentration levels on fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense Vegetative Compatibility Group (VCG) 01213/16 Tropical strain 4 and VCG 01218 strain 1
Authors: Nurmansyah  , Idris Herwita , Riska
Published: October 2023

Pathogen of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubence (Foc) Vegetative Compatibility Group (VCG) 01213/16 (Tropical strain/TR4) and VCG 01218 (strain1) are the cause of wilt disease in banana. Plant-based pesticides are an alternative environmentally friendly substance that can control plant pathogens. This study aims to obtain a formulation of Piper aduncum oil with several essential oils to suppress the growth development of two Foc strains that cause wilt disease in banana plants. This study used a complete randomized design in factorial, where the first factor is the type of formulation: F1 = 25% P. aduncum leaf oil, F2 = P. aduncum leaf oil with lemongrass leaf oil (Cymbopogon flexiosus), F3 = P. aduncum oil with citronella leaves (Andropogon nardus), F4 = P. aduncum oil with Ceylon cinnamon leaf oil (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), F5 = P. aduncum oil with Padang cinnamon leaf oil (C. burmanii), F6 = P. aduncum oil with cloves leaf oil (Eugenia aromatica) F7=P. aduncum oil with wild ginger oil (Elettariopsis slahmong). The second factor is the concentration level: 1000, 2000, and 3000 ppm. The results showed that diameter of mycelium between Foc VCG01213/16 and VCG01218 did not differ significantly. However, there were significant differences in the botanical pesticide formulations used. P. aduncum oil formulation mixed with cloves leaf oil and ceylon cinnamon oil at a concentration level of 3000 ppm had better inhibition of colony diameter, namely for Foc VCG01213/16 (90.55% and 88.08%) and on Foc VCG 01218 (90.72% and 89.85%). Likewise, for the inhibition of colony biomass, the best formulation is the P. aduncum oil mixed with cloves leaf oil and with ceylon cinnamon oil, the concentration level at 3000 ppm for Foc VCG 01213/16 were 96.64 and 95.80%, respectively. In contrast, for Foc VCG 01218 were 96.00% for both.
Characteristic of grain and rice quality from five superior varieties support food sustainability
Authors: Prahardini P E R , Fidiyawati E , Antarlina S S , Sudaryono T
Published: October 2023

Rice is the main food crop consumed by no less than 270 million of Indonesians. The provision of the main food (rice) in the future the challenge is getting heavier. Research on the characterization of grain and rice quality of five superior varieties of rice, namely Inpari 32, Inpari 42, Inpari 45, Inpari Nutrizinc, and Pamelen. Research was conducted from August until October 2021 in post-harvest laboratory AIAT East Java Malang, using a group design with 5 replicates. Grain quality anaysis includes weight, moisture content, rice yield, density, length/width ratio, and colour. While rice quality includes thick, length/width ratio, yield, whole grains, head grain, broken grain, damaged grain, and rice organoleptic test. Grain and rice quality analysis based on SNI. Result shown that Inpari 32, Inpari 45, and Pamelen grains weight greater than others. Inpari 42, Nutrizinc, and Pamelen varieties slimmer than others. However, Inpari 32 showed the highest rice yield, which was 70.13%, while the lowest rice was shown by the Inpari Nutrizinc variety at 64.87%. Based on the precentage of broken grain, 5 rice varieties can be catagorized as medium grade 1, 2, and 3. Based on organoleptic test of five varieties by panelist with an average score of 5.
Agronomic and economic study of the application of some rice cropping systems in irrigation rice land
Authors: Pramono J , Romdon A S , Nurwahyuni E
Published: October 2023

In response to rising population growth and the increasing demand for staple foods like rice, the Indonesian government is adopting new strategies including the Jajar Legowo planting system. This research, conducted on farmland in Jebed Utara Village, focused on two factors: five rice varieties and three planting systems. The data, collected during the dry season, was assessed in a randomized block factorial experimental design. All varieties showed potential for increased productivity using the Jajar Legowo system. The 2:1 Jajar Legowo planting system yielded the highest grain output (7.99 t ha-1), marking a 15.2% increase compared to the conventional system. Additionally, it achieved the highest R/C ratio, indicating its viability as a planting system. The study suggests that adopting the Jajar Legowo planting system, particularly the 2:1 model, could significantly enhance rice production in Indonesia.
Double action plant growth promotion microorganisms in suppressing Fusarium wilt disease and increase tomato production
Authors: Edy N , Arsih D W , Panggeso J , Anshary A , Yunus M , Lakani I , Rosmini R
Published: October 2023

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp lycopersici is a fungus that causes wilt disease in tomatoes, attacking nurseries to mature plants. This study aims to examine several plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM) to control Fusarium wilt and increase tomato production. The study was designed with a completely randomized design in a screen house with four treatments and three experimental units. The treatments tested were mycorrhiza 5 g per plant (M), a mixed solution containing Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Trichoderma sp. 10 ml per plant (PGPM1), and combination treatment M and PGPM1 (PGPM2). The study showed a more extended incubation period of the pathogen-causing diseased plants with the treatment of PGPM2 compared to other treatments. The lower intensity of wilt disease was also found in the PGPM2 treatment. Consistently the same treatment also had a better effect on the number of leaves, plant height, and fresh tomato fruit production than other treatments. This study showed a significant effect of PGPM in controlling Fusarium wilt and increasing tomato production.
Agricultural productions and metaphorical expressions in Minangkabau culture
Authors: Oktavianus Oktavianus , Anwar Khairil , Ferdinal Ferdinal
Published: October 2023

Many factors determine the quality and sustainability of agricultural products. In addition to soil fertility, seed, climate, and use of technology, cultural values are significant and decisive. This research aims to study agricultural productions and farming cultures reflected in Minangkabau metaphorical expressions. The study is conducted qualitatively in four districts of Solok West Sumatra. The research results show that cultural values in Minangkabau’s metaphorical expressions build good characters of the farmers in their farming activities. The values contained in various Minangkabau metaphorical expressions serve as a guide for producing uninterrupted and sustainable products, choosing agricultural land, and innovating and deriving a farming product into different food ingredients.
Growth and yield of three high-yielding varieties of lowland rice as affected by application of inorganic fertilizers
Authors: Suleman D , Hadini H , Raharjo D , Alam S , Yusuf DN
Published: October 2023

The need for rice in Indonesia currently increases linearly along with the soaring of population. However, the rice production tends to be levelling-off. This study evaluates the yield potential of three lowland rice varieties under different rate of fertilizer. The varieties of Mekongga, Ciherang and Inpari30 sub1 were grown under five fertilizer treatments: 90 %, 100 % served as a control, 110 %, 115 %, and 120 % of recommended rate with three replications and laid out in a factorial block design. The study was located on a silty loam and irrigated soil. ANOVA was applied and followed by a Tukey test at a 5 % level. Among three varieties, Mekongga and Inpari-30 sub1 produced more yield than Ciherang by 6.71 and 6.77 t ha−1, respectively. Increasing the rate of fertilizers caused the increase of the yield significantly. The highest grain yield was recorded by the application of 120 % of recommended rate by 7.82 t ha−1. Fertilizer rate was positively correlated with grain yield (r=0.97). The result shows the importance of cropping system pattern in order to prevent the soaring of harmful attacks of pest and disease as well as the evaluation of fertilizer recommendation that had been used a dozen consecutive years.
Responses of Soybean with a Biofertilizer contains Ochrobactrum sp., Alcaligenes sp., and Bacillus sp. and the various doses of NPK fertilizer in Inceptisols, West Java
Authors: Purwani J , Ginting RCB
Published: October 2023

In the development of biofertilizers, it is necessary to carry out field tests to determine their effectiveness. This objective research is to know the ability of Ochrobactrum sp., Alcaligenes sp., and Bacillus sp. consortium on responses of soybean, carried out on Inceptisols Bogor, West Java. The research consists of seven treatments they control, a recommended dose of NPK, and five combinations of the microbial consortium with various dosages of NPK. The Urea, SP36, and KCl recommended dose measured by the upland soil test kit is 50, 100, and 100 kg ha−1. The research showed that NPK50% and NPK75% combined with microbial consortium as biofertilizer give soybean yield of 2.89 t ha−1 and 2.93 t ha−1, while the recommended NPK (NPK100%) yielded a soybean of 2.82 t ha−1. Biofertilizers can reduce the dose of NPK used by as much as 50%, equivalent to Urea 25 kg ha−1, 50 kg ha−1 SP36, and 50 kg ha−1 KCl, increase soybean yield by 13-21%, and improve relative agronomic effectiveness (RAE) value by 143-173%. Biofertilizer utilization is a promising strategy for inorganic fertilizers efficiency, increasing soybean yield in Inceptisols soil, and being environmentally friendly.
Increasing yield of several varieties of zero-tillage sorghum through additive intercropping with soybean on permanent raised-beds
Authors: Wangiyana W , Zainab S , Baharuddin
Published: October 2023

Sorghum is getting popular because of its potential use as food, feed, and bio-ethanol production. However, there are competing interests for growing sorghum because rice and maize are two most important crops in Indonesia, so intercropping could be a solution. This study aimed to examine the effects of additive intercropping several varieties of sorghum with soybean grown during a dry season on permanent raised-beds mostly used to grow rice. The experiment was established on farmers’ paddy fields in West Lombok (Indonesia) from June to September 2022, which was arranged according to Split Plot design, with two treatment factors, namely sorghum varieties (V1= Numbu, V2= Samurai-1, V3= Super-1) and intercropping (I0= monocropped sorghum, I1= additive intercropping with soybean). The results indicated that additive intercropping with soybean relay-planted between rows of sorghum significantly increased growth and yield of sorghum but sorghum varieties showed significant differences only in weight of 100 grains. However, there was a significant interaction effect on leaf number prior to anthesis and at seed filling stage and growth rate of leaf number. Among the varieties, Numbu showed a significant and highest increase (16%, equivalent to 477 kg/ha) in dry grain yield due to additive intercropping with soybean.
Implementation and financial analysis of good agricultural practices (GAPs) of True Cardamom (Amomum compactum SoL.): The experience from smallholders’ farmers
Authors: Abadi AW , Sujianto S , Miftah H
Published: October 2023

True cardamom is a biopharmaceutical plant used for the essential ingredients of traditional medicines, spices, additives, and herbs in various industries. Farmers should adopt Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) for good quality and productivity, which can increase cultivation costs. Evaluating the implementation of GAP and the financial aspect is important to see its feasibility. This study aims to assess GAP’s application level and its financial analysis based on adoption. Respondents were taken using the Cluster Random Sampling method, which determined as many as 43 farmers in Cisolok District. Based on the level of implementation of True Cardamom’s GAP, the farmers are categorized as high, medium, and low adoption with a percentage of 25%, 75%, and 0%, respectively. The financial analysis results of the Net Present Value (NPV) of high-category farmers and medium-category are IDR 88,603,622.39 and IDR. 31,879,670.82, respectively. The high-category GAP adoption has a higher value of Net Benefit-Cost Ratio than the others, medium-category, 4.5 and 2.4, respectively. So do the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) values; high-category has an IRR value more significant than the other which the IRR is higher than the interest rate (11%). Cardamom business is declared financially feasible with a payback period at the application level of GAP for high and medium categories: two years, two months, and five years and six months, respectively.
Food law in Indonesia has a criminal perspective that is oriented towards food security
Authors: Rado Rudini Hasyim , Betaubun Restu Monika Nia , Alputila Marlyn Jane , Parera Zegovia
Published: October 2023

This research is focused on knowing and analyzing how the records/problems/problematics of the criminal system, especially in Law Number 18 of 2012 concerning Food (Food Law) in Indonesia. The type of research used is the normative juridical research method, this research is also known as library research. The primary legal material is in the form of laws and regulations as well as analysis of legal material used utilizing descriptive analysis. The results of the study identified that the criminal justice system in the Food Law in Indonesia has several notes/problems that need to be corrected/changed including those related to affirming the qualifications of a criminal offence (delict), the blurring of the subject of corporate crime and business actors, the disintegration of types and the formulation of sanctions criminal/administrative sanctions, as well as the imbalance in the weight of the number/length of sentences in the criminal system.