bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O podcast como ferramenta para o ensino em saúde do idoso na graduação em Medicina
Authors: Oliveira Marcia Helena Ribeiro de , Caldato Milena Coelho Fernandes , Carneiro Camille Cezanne Marins
Published: June 2024

RESUMO Introdução: A expectativa de vida mundial vem aumentando nas últimas décadas, e, para atender a essa demanda, é necessário formar e capacitar profissionais de saúde para o atendimento adequado da população geriátrica no Brasil. Nesse contexto, a literatura traz o podcast como uma possível ferramenta complementar para a educação médica, visto o potencial da comunicação digital em transformar o ensino mundial. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o aprendizado em saúde do idoso por meio da ferramenta podcast em alunos de graduação em Medicina. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, longitudinal, quantitativo, ocorrido entre janeiro e dezembro de 2022, realizado com 59 discentes de Medicina da Universidade do Estado do Pará. Os estudantes responderam ao questionário-teste, no período de agosto a outubro de 2022, antes e depois de escutarem os episódios do podcast criado para esta pesquisa, com perguntas específicas sobre saúde do idoso, divididas em cinco domínios (anamnese do idoso, exame físico no idoso, relação médico-paciente, quedas e imunização no idoso). Resultado: Na avaliação geral de cada domínio, identificou-se estatisticamente diferença em quatro dos cinco grupos, assim como no valor geral, em que os discentes aumentaram seus acertos de 70,7% para 80,6%, uma melhora de quase 10 pontos percentuais após o podcast. O domínio imunização foi o que teve maiores ganhos percentuais (de 45,2% para 74,0%), seguido do domínio que tratou sobre quedas em idoso: de 79,1% antes do podcast para 91,0% na segunda avaliação. Conclusão: Os alunos obtiveram melhores resultados nos testes objetivos após escutarem os episódios de podcast sobre saúde do idoso. O podcasting tem o potencial de se tornar formal ou informalmente um componente central da educação médica. Estudos adicionais devem investigar também como os podcasts podem ser construídos a fim de que se possa otimizar a retenção de conhecimento por parte dos ouvintes.
Mídias Sociais e Sintomas Emocionais de Estudantes de uma Universidade Privada
Authors: Godoy Patrícia Pasquali , Schmitt Marina , Schindler Eduardo , Silva Myllena Diessy da , Andretta Ilana
Published: June 2024

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender o papel dos sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse em relação ao tipo de uso ativo e passivo do Facebook, Instagram e Twitter por meio de um estudo explicativo. Utilizou-se uma amostra estratificada randomizada com 381 universitários, sendo 72% do sexo feminino, com idade média de 23,9 anos. Os instrumentos utilizados foram questionário de dados sociodemográficos e de uso de mídias sociais e DASS-21. Por meio de análises de regressão linear, observaram-se relações positivas: os sintomas de depressão estão relacionados com o uso passivo do Facebook; sintomas de ansiedade relacionaram-se ao uso passivo e ativo de Facebook e Twitter; sintomas de estresse estavam associados ao uso passivo e ativo de Twitter e Instagram e ao uso passivo do Facebook. Conclui-se que pelo menos um sintoma emocional está relacionado de forma positiva à variação de cada tipo de uso das três mídias sociais, controlados pela intensidade de uso.
Navegando pelo Grindr entre currículos de possibilidades e limites: a pedagogia da saúde em tempos de pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Montecio Gabriela Alencar , Rosa Marcelo Victor da
Published: June 2024

Resumo O estudo objetiva analisar como e em quais medidas o Grindr, em diferentes artefatos culturais midiáticos, exerceu uma pedagogia da saúde durante e após a pandemia, a fim de debater e analisar a produção de diferentes currículos e seus atravessamentos, destacando a relevância do cenário pandêmico e algumas questões governamentais como fatores importantes na constituição de dinâmicas individuais e coletivas, dos contextos sociais, políticos e sanitários. Para isso, utilizando as lentes dos Estudos Culturais e do conceito de Pedagogias Culturais, analisamos os amplos processos pedagógicos provenientes das produções circulantes nas plataformas oficiais do Grindr. Logo, para compreender as funções estratégicas desses artefatos culturais, nos ativemos, além do aplicativo de relacionamentos, ao site do Grindr, bem como a seus perfis nas redes sociais Instagram, Facebook, Twitter e TikTok, a partir das quais produzimos a leitura de uma pedagogia da saúde com currículos de possibilidades e limites que conduzem práticas, comunicam comportamentos, educam sujeitos sociais e produzem subjetividades diversas.
Heteronormatividad en el grupo y asunto de las políticas de salud sexual y reproductiva: una primera discusión teórica
Authors: Galarza Shakira Nicole
Published: June 2024

Resumen Este artículo tiene el objetivo de realizar una primera discusión teórica, alrededor de la pregunta ¿Cómo la heteronormatividad influencia el objeto y destinatario de las políticas pública de salud sexual y reproductiva? Para estos efectos se pretenden abordar los siguientes aspectos; primero, problematizar a la heteronormatividad como factor incidente en el manejo de la sexualidad como asunto, en tanto interfiere en las discusiones que aborda la política, el enfoque que ha tomado y las temáticas que se presentan por los actores. En este sentido, la perspectiva histórica brinda una oportunidad de revisar las trasformaciones de conceptos y elementos de la política. Posteriormente, se ahonda en cómo la heteronormatividad sugiere un tipo de destinatarios y una forma de tratar su comportamiento.
Percepción de riesgo, efectos psicológicos y apoyo social en trabajadores sanitarios con pacientes con COVID-19 en México
Authors: Juárez-García Arturo , García Rivas Javier , Arias Galicia Luis Fernando , Merino Soto César
Published: June 2024

Resumen Objetivo: identificar la asociación entre percepción de riesgo y diversos efectos psicológicos negativos y positivos, así como el efecto moderador del apoyo social, en una muestra de trabajadores sanitarios con pacientes COVID-19 en México. Métodos: se trató de un diseño ex post facto e instrumental. Se obtuvieron respuestas por medio de un cuestionario en línea mediante la estrategia de bola de nieve. Se examinó la asociación de la percepción de riesgo con varios resultados psicológicos mediante correlaciones monotónicas (Spearman, rs), y se estimó un modelo de regresión para cada efecto psicológico para probar el efecto moderador del apoyo social. Resultados: participaron 269 trabajadores sanitarios, de los cuales un 75,5% eran mujeres. Los hallazgos muestran una percepción de riesgo con tendencia elevada, particularmente la relacionada al “riesgo de daño grave por SARS-CoV2”, el apoyo social tuvo una tendencia de moderada a alta y los síntomas negativos de salud mental tuvieron una tendencia por debajo de los promedios teóricos. Conclusión: el apoyo social juega un papel moderador en la magnitud de asociación entre percepción de riesgo y efectos psicológicos. A pesar de las limitaciones reconocidas, este trabajo pretende ayudar a explicar los mecanismos complejos de las variables de estudio mediante el análisis de interacciones exploratorias.
Determination of suspended sediment rating curve and models to estimate the suspended solids concentration in the Pandeiros river, Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Jonas Faria Dionísio de , Coelho Gilberto , Carvalho Ronan Naves
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to fit the sediment rating curves in three sampling points of the Pandeiros River (Brazil), as well as to establish models for estimating the suspended solids concentration using the flow and turbidity data. The study used data measured between May 2019 and January 2023. The following variables were determined: flow, suspended solids concentration, suspended solids discharge and turbidity. The sediment rating curves were fitted using the power model. The coefficient of determination was higher than 0.93 for all the fits. As for the models fitted to estimate the suspended solids concentration, the best results were obtained by the power model, using flow as the independent variable, and the linear model, using turbidity as the independent variable. It was concluded that both the rating sediment curve and the models fitted to estimate the solids concentration can be used to assist in the hydrosedimentological monitoring of the Pandeiros River.
Numerical study on the serviceability performance of reinforced glulam beams with different steel arrangements
Authors: Peixoto Lucas Sacramoni , Soriano Julio , Vicente William Martins , Mascia Nilson Tadeu
Published: June 2024

Abstract Glued laminated timber (glulam) beams manufactured with glued steel bars can achieve improvements in their mechanical performance and the effects of the arrangement of steel bars in the cross-section are of technological interest. This study aimed to evaluate the mechanical behavior of beams with symmetric reinforcements (compression and tension zones) and beams with asymmetric reinforcements (compression zone), under loading imposed at the serviceability limit state. To achieve this goal, glulam beams with reinforcement ratios ranging from 0.5% to 4% were simulated using the finite element method. When compared to the nonreinforced beams it was found for the deflections that the asymmetric reinforcements provided reductions of up to 31.5% and the cases with symmetric reinforcements were more efficient, with deflection reductions of up to 45%. In comparison to the symmetric arrangement of the bars, the asymmetric distribution provided a reduction of up to 10.5% in the normal stress of the glulam beam compression zone. The asymmetrically arranged reinforcement effectively contributed to increasing the stiffness of the beam and was more efficient in reducing normal stresses in the compressive zone, thus preventing the initial yielding of the wood.
HEAT AND FLUID FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF FERROFLUIDS CIRCULATING IN A HEAT EXCHANGER WITH A MAGNETIC VORTEX GENERATOR
Authors: Boutas Laila , Marzougui Mbarek , Zinoubi Jamil , Gannouni Soufien
Published: June 2024

The current work is aimed at numerical investigation and analysis of entropy generation and thermal efficiency of Fe3O4/water nanofluids flowing through a heat exchanger considering multiple identical magnetic sources. The simulated domain corresponds to a minichannel heated from below at a constant temperature, while its upper wall is adiabatic. Numerical simulations were carried out using the finite volume method (FVM). To determine the new thermophysical properties of the magnetic nanofluid, the single-phase approach was adopted. The obtained results are presented as the Nusselt number, streamlines, isotherms, and generated entropy with other relevant parameters, namely, the magnetic field strength, number of magnet pairs, range of Reynolds numbers, and volumetric fraction of the nanoparticles. The investigation revealed that these parameters significantly influence the heat transfer mechanism. Selecting these parameters carefully is crucial for achieving enhanced generation of entropy and, consequently, desirable improvement in heat transfer.
Peculiarities of Phytoplankton Formation and Functioning in Small Water Reservoirs
Authors: Shelyuk Yu. S.
Published: June 2024

The patterns of phytoplankton formation and functioning in small reservoirs of Prypiat and Teteriv rivers basins were studied. Representatives of Chlorophyta species (32.7% of the total number of species) and Bacillariophyta (24.6%) were found to dominate these reservoirs in terms of species richness. It was established that with the increase in the area and volume of reservoirs, the species diversity of Cyanobacteria also increases, while Euglenozoa dominate in smaller reservoirs. The main abiotic parameters that lead to changes in the structural indicators of phytoplankton of the studied reservoirs, as well as the main differences in the structural and functional characteristics of phytoplankton of small reservoirs living in Polissia rivers were studied, in comparison with the large ones of the Dnieper and Volga rivers. A reliable correlation was established between phytoplankton biomass of small reservoirs and pH (r = 0.55), phosphorus content of phosphates (r = 0.46), color (r = -0.36) and total nitrogen content (r = -0.61). Abiotic factors that determine the amount of information diversity in water reservoirs are the phosphorus content of phosphates (r = -0.73), pH (r = 0.63), and watercolor index (r = -0.62). Small reservoirs in comparison with large Dnieper and Volga reservoirs have a high level of photosynthesis intensity with a relatively small biomass of phytoplankton due to their significant optical depth and the peculiarities of the course of production processes of shallow waters, which occupy significant areas of the water areas of small reservoirs.
Predicting pavement surface conditions through artificial neural networks
Authors: Deneko Enio , Filaj Esmerald , Gheibi Mohammad , Moezzi Reza
Published: June 2024

In this study, six distinct types of pavement distress were evaluated using the pavement condition index (PCI) rating: ravelling, rutting, cracking (including alligator, transverse and longitudinal cracks), shoving, patching and potholes. The severity levels of these distress types are utilised for classification, and these levels are subsequently converted into PCI values. The proposed methodology incorporates a thorough analysis, considering various variables such as average daily traffic, land-use classification, number of lanes, road width and length, pavement age, road alignment, vehicle type and weather conditions in Berzhite, Tirana, Albania. To predict PCI values, an artificial neural network model was employed due to its versatility in handling diverse inputs. Key performance metrics, including R2, mean squared error and mean absolute error, are used for model assessment. Notably, model 2, featuring two hidden layers, exhibits superior performance over model 1. However, due to size constraints in testing and validation datasets in this study, the accuracy of the model is somewhat limited. Future directions for research involve expanding the dataset to enhance model accuracy and incorporating advanced features to capture a more complex comprehension of pavement conditions.
Payment of tithes among Quakers, 1660‐1740
Authors: Johnson Rosalind
Published: June 2024

Quakers (or ‘Friends’ as they called themselves) were distinguished by their refusal to make tithe payments that supported the Established Church, a refusal which they extended to lay impropriators who had obtained the right to tithe payments in a parish. This refusal characterised
the movement from its earliest days in the 1650s, with many Friends suffering distraints and imprisonment. Nevertheless, some Friends did pay tithes, a state of affairs which remains unexamined in the literature. This paper examines Quakers who paid their tithes, or who otherwise escaped suffering
for non-payment, from the period of persecution beginning in 1660, through the 1689 Act of Toleration, to the mid-eighteenth century.
Current Activities
Authors: Bockhorn Olaf
Published: June 2024

No abstract
EDUCAÇÃO POPULAR EM SAÚDE E DESCOLONIZAÇÃO EM TEMPOS DE NEGACIONISMO
Authors: Morel Ana Paula Massadar
Published: June 2024

Em plena pandemia da Covid-19, cresce o negacionismo em relação aos conhecimentos em saúde. A educação popular em saúde possibilita problematizar tal fenômeno, mas também se depara com novos desafios: como questionar o cientificismo diante do crescimento do negacionismo? É possível defender a ciência sem deslegitimar os saberes populares? A partir dessas questões, procuramos discutir as concepções de educação em saúde mobilizadas no enfrentamento da pandemia. Em seguida, destrinchamos a popularização do negacionismo para, por fim, abordarmos a relação da ciência com a crítica e a descolonização do saber, discutindo especialmente os saberes indígenas sobre a pandemia.
A educação freiriana pelas lentes do anticolonialismo e dos estudos pós-coloniais e decoloniais
Authors: Oliveira Kátia Luzia Soares , Oliveira Gracy Kelly Andrade Pignata
Published: June 2024

Este texto argumenta em favor da perspectiva de educação proposta por Paulo Freire e sugere que suas obras sejam revisitadas pelo prisma da crítica pós-colonial e decolonial, tendo como horizonte a ideia de emancipação humana, alicerçada em projetos coletivos de transformação da realidade no âmbito da justiça social. Para tanto, busca realizar uma aproximação entre a perspectiva teórica freiriana e a crítica pós-colonial e decolonial a partir da ênfase da Educação Libertária e da proposta de uma Pedagogia [des]decolonial. Trata-se de um estudo de caráter teórico, no qual adotamos como lastro conceitual a pedagogia crítica de Freire.
 
Referências
BERNARDINO-COSTA, J.; GROSFOGUEL, R. Decolonialidade e perspectiva negra. Sociedade e Estado, v. 31, n. 1, p. 15-24, 2016.
CASTRO-GÓMEZ, S. La postcolonialidad explicada los niños. Instituto Pensar, Universidade Javeriana. Popayán: Editorial Universidad del Cauca, 2005.
FREIRE, Paulo. Pedagogia da autonomia: saberes necessários à prática educativa. São Paulo: Paz e Terra, 1996.
FREIRE, Paulo. Pedagogia do oprimido. Rio de Janeiro: Paz e Terra, 2003.
FREIRE, Paulo. Educação e mudança. Rio de Janeiro: Paz e Terra, 2014.
MALDONADO-TORRES, N. Sobre la colonialidad del ser: contribuciones al desarrollo de um concepto, IN: Castro-Gómez, S.; Grosfoguel, R. (coords.) El giro decolonial: reflexiones para uma diversidad epistêmica más allá del capitalismo global. Bogotá: Siglo del Hombre Editores; Universidad Central, Instituto de Estudios Sociales Contemporáneos, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Instituto Pensar, 2007.
MATTOS, W.; PENA, P. Em torno do ensino de história da África na Bahia: Breves considerações gerais. Revista de História Comparada, v. 7, n. 2, p. 216-243, 2013. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 25 jul. 2020.
OLIVEIRA, L. F. DE; CANDAU, V. M. F. Pedagogia Decolonial e Educação Antirracista e Intercultural no Brasil. Educação em Revista, v. 26, n. 1, p. 15-40, 2010.
OLIVEIRA, L. F de. História da África e dos africanos na escola: desafios políticos, epistemológicos e identitários para a formação dos professores de História quando a diferença se torna obrigatoriedade curricular. 2010. 281 f. Tese (Doutorado em Educação) - Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2010.
PESAVENTO, S. J. Em busca de uma outra história: imaginando o imaginário. Revista Brasileira de História, v. 15, n. 29, p.  9-27, 1995.
SANCHES, M. R. Malhas que os Impérios tecem. Textos Anticoloniais, contextos Pós-Coloniais.  Lisboa: Edições 70, 2011.
TAVEIRA, A. S. N., SEVERINO, A. J.; ROMÃO, N. P. Ontologia, epistemologia e axiologia na pedagogia do oprimido. Revista Educação em Perspectiva, v. 9, n. 3, p. 538-552, 2019.
WALSH, C. Lo pedagógico y lo decolonial: Entretejiendo caminos. En C. WALSH (ed.), Pedagogías decoloniales: Prácticas insurgentes de resistir, (re) existir y (re)vivir. Quito: Ediciones Abya-Yala, 2013.
Niños y niñas en experiencias de participación
Authors: Triviño Roncancio Ana Virginia , Rincón Verdugo Cecilia
Published: June 2024

La participación infantil es clave para la construcción de ciudadanía en el marco de los procesos de paz y democráticos de nuestras sociedades. En términos de derecho ha sido objeto de propuestas y políticas públicas que buscan garantizarla. Este artículo, da cuenta de la sistematización de dos de las experiencias que han sido orientadas en diferentes contextos de la ciudad de Bogotá, por el grupo de investigación Infancias de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. Las narrativas de las experiencias son: Participación en serio del derecho al hecho: experiencia de aprendizaje en la formación para la paz y Experiencias de participación y subjetivación política en el programa niñas y niños educan a los adultos (PNNEA).
O problema concreto de um viés problematizador na metodologia interdisciplinar das representações
Authors: Souza de Freitas Wélica Patrícia , Guimarães Errobidart Nádia Cristina
Published: June 2024

O artigo apresenta um estudo sobre teses e dissertações brasileiras que abordam a metodologia de Ilhas de Racionalidade Interdisciplinares na formação de professores de ciências, a partir do site da Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações, que resultou em seis trabalhos, os quais foram analisados via Análise Textual Discursiva. Apresentamos como compreensões emergentes a importância de um caráter problematizador para o problema concreto, a fim de propiciar uma Alfabetização Científica e Tecnológica, bem como a necessidade de o problema concreto emergir de um estudo da realidade em que os estudantes estão inseridos, desvelando um tema gerador, a partir do processo de investigação temática.
Os desenhos animados na cultura lúdica entre metáforas e materializações brincantes
Authors: Firmino Magalhães Barbosa Raquel
Published: June 2024

Analisa a relação das experiências das crianças com a cultura lúdica, revelando brincadeiras e categorias metaforizadas a partir dos desenhos animados. Trata-se de pesquisa etnográfica, de natureza qualitativa, realizada com 22 crianças, de uma escola da rede municipal de ensino, localizada na cidade de Cuiabá/MT. Utiliza episódios de interação como instrumentos de produção de dados. Aponta que, ao brincar com os desenhos animados e ter a oportunidade de falar sobre suas fantasias, as crianças revelaram suas autorias, protagonismos e experiências brincantes, sugerindo um saber brincante por meio de metáforas do espelho do imaginário e dos estados físicos da brincadeira.
In memory of Lev Iosifovich Klyachko
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: June 2024

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Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro–in ovo toxicological screening of silibinin fatty acids conjugates as prodrugs with potential biomedical applications
Authors: Dehelean Cristina , Alexa Ersilia , Marcovici Iasmina , Iftode Andrada , Lazar Geza , Simion Andrea , Chis Vasile , Pirnau Adrian , Cinta Pinzaru Simona , Boeriu Estera
Published: June 2024

Silibinin (SIL), the most active phytocompound from Silybum marianum (L.), exerts many biological effects but has low stability and bioavailability. To overcome these drawbacks, the current research proposed the synthesis of silibilin oleate (SIL-O) and silibilin linoleate (SIL-L) derivatives as prodrugs with potentially optimized properties for biomedical applications, and the establishment of their in vitro–in ovo safety profiles. The physicochemical characterization of the obtained compounds using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and Raman and 1H liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy confirmed the formation of SIL-O and SIL-L complexes. Computational predictions revealed that these lipophilic derivatives present a lower drug-likeness score (−29.96 for SIL-O and−23.55 for SIL-L) compared to SIL, but an overall positive drug score (0.07) and no risk for severe adverse effects. SIL-O and SIL-L showed no cytotoxicity or impairment in cell migration at low concentrations, but at the highest concentration (100 μM), they displayed distinct toxicological profiles. SIL-L was more cytotoxic (on cardiomyoblasts – H9c2(2-1), hepatocytes – HepaRG, and keratinocytes – HaCaT) than SIL-O or SIL, significantly inhibiting cell viability (<60%), altering cellular morphology, reducing cell confluence (<70%), and inducing prominent apoptotic-like nuclear features. At the concentration of 100 μM, SIL-O presented an irritation score (IS) of 0.61, indicating a lack of irritant effect on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM), while SIL-L was classified as a slight irritant with an IS of 1.99. These findings outline a more favorable in vitro and in ovo biocompatibility for SIL-O compared to SIL L, whose applications are dosage limited due to potential toxicity.
Высокореактивное веб-приложение для интеграции разнородных пространственных данных из распределённых источников на основе REST API
Authors: Воробьёва Гульнара Равилевна , Фарваев Эмиль Фанильевич
Published: June 2024

В статье предлагается архитектура веб-приложения, предназначенного для унифицированной работы с пространственными данными из разнородных распределённых источников. Статья демонстрирует общие концепции предлагаемой архитектуры и описывает задачи, решаемые её применением, а также области использования реализуемых на её основе приложений. Архитектура предполагает использование принципов интеграции и федерализации данных. В статье рассматриваются технологии, используемые для интеграции данных и проводится обзорный анализ их преимуществ, недостатков и сценариев использования. Даётся описание разработки прототипа с использованием предлагаемой архитектуры и приводится разбор общих принципов построения подобных приложений и протоколов их взаимодействия с приложениями-клиентами. Также в статье приводятся результаты тестирования прототипа, демонстрирующие прирост в производительности по времени около 20 % по сравнению приложениями, реализованными с использованием традиционных подходов.
Метод оценки результатов детектирования и классификации объектов на медицинских изображениях
Authors: Руденко Андрей Владимирович , Руденко Марина Анатольевна , Каширина Ирина Леонидовна
Published: June 2024

В статье предлагается метод оценки результатов детектирования и классификации объектов на медицинских изображениях, полученных по результатам компьютерной томографии внутренних органов человека нейросетью архитектуры YOLO, содержащий алгоритм и математические модели нечеткой оценки. Разработанные алгоритм и модели позволяют классифицировать объекты в зависимости от их расположения и проекции изображения, автоматизировать и сократить время диагностирования заболевания, перейти от оценки двумерных изображений к сборке и оценке трехмерных объектов, повысить точность оценки параметров объектов, снизить риски неправильных хирургических решений при планировании и проведении операций. Предложенные алгоритм и модели были реализованы в прототипе системы поддержки принятия врачебных решений в хирургии и урологии с использованием технологий компьютерного зрения в составе программных модулей по детектированию объектов и расчету параметров объектов. Представленный метод оценки результатов детектирования и классификации объектов на медицинских изображениях показал высокую эффективность.
Diacylglycerides as nutrition components or precursors of carcinogens: a critical view on an ambular question
Authors: Budnevsky Andrey V. , Ovsyannikov Evgeniy S. , Popov Valery I. , Drobysheva Elena S. , Feigelman Sofia N.
Published: June 2024

Obesity is considered as a noninfectious epidemic worldwide. Metabolic disorders associated with the accumulation of adipose tissue lead to obesity-associated diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Diet is a component of treatment of diseases associated with obesity. The most commonly used diets are caloric restriction by reducing fat in the diet. Over the years, there have been several attempts to use diacylglycerol (DAG) as components of dietary oils owing to its ability to suppress the accumulation of visceral fat and reduce postprandial levels of triacylglycerol and cholesterol and glucose in the blood serum. However, in 2009, it was found that when oil was processed at high temperatures during physical refining, DAG-enriched oil had the highest levels of potentially harmful glycidyl esters compared to conventional refined fats and oils. The study of the negative effects of glycidyl esters has prompted the food industry, which has traditionally used oil, to focus on strategies in preventing or mitigating these effects by changing the refining process or modifying deodorization equipment to reduce or eliminate process contaminants.
Analiz rezul'tatov laparoskopicheskikh appendektomiy
Authors: Sazhin A V , Klimiashvili Anatoliy Davidovich , Kodzhoglyan A A , Mosin S V , Mirzoyan A T , Laypanov B K
Published: June 2024

Mini-invasive technologies improve the results of treatment for acute appendicitis (AA). The General Surgery Clinic, Pediatric Faculty, N. I. Pirogov RMU, treated 1392 patients with different forms of appendicitis in 2005 to 2009. Conventional open appendectomy (AE) was carried out in 366 (26.3%) patients. Endovideo-assisted surgery was performed in 1026 (73.7%) patients with suspected AA; laparoscopy excluded acute surgical pathology in 118 (11.5%); 908 (85.5%) patients were operated on by various procedures after laparoscopic verification of AA. As more experience was accumulated, the share of laparoscopic AEs of all the performed AEs increased from 13.9% in 2005 to 94.1% in 2009. The mesoappendix was treated with various electrosurgical techniques, a stump was formed by ligature; an intracorporeal purse-string suture was used in 4.3% of cases.
Sovremennye podkhody k terapii depressiy
Authors: Bardenshteyn Leonid Mikhaylovich
Published: June 2024

The data suggesting that there has been a rise in the number of patients with depressions in the past two decades are analyzed. A tendency towards the chronic course of monopolar depressions and the disabling pattern of these affective disorders are noted. Some pathogenetic mechanisms for development of depressive disorders are considered. Analysis of the results of current clinical psychopharmacological studies has yielded information on the drugs that have high antidepressant activity and cause mild adverse reactions.
Studying Different Mechanisms of Seismo-to-Acoustic Coupling Using Ground Motion Local to Seismoacoustic Sensors
Authors: Yang Xinghao , Jiang Changsheng , Bian Yinju , Su Wei
Published: June 2024

The correlation between seismic and acoustic signals can be used to quantify the influence of earthquake ground motion on the output signals of infrasound sensors and thus evaluate the performance of infrasound sensors under field conditions. However, there have been relatively few studies, and earthquakes considered in those studies are large magnitude events. There remains a need to quantify correlation mechanisms at high frequencies using small earthquakes. In this study, we utilize a collocated seismoacoustic station BJT and a six-element infrasound array DQS to study different coupling mechanisms for infrasound sensors. From 2019 to 2021, 11 and 37 small magnitude earthquakes were detected by BJT and DQS, respectively. Seismoacoustic signals from these small magnitude earthquakes are used to compute the seismoacoustic spectral ratio and the observed spectral ratios are then compared with theoretical estimates. For local seismic-to-acoustic coupling (local infrasound), the highly local pressure field induced by high-frequency ground motion and the separation between seismoacoustic sensors reduce seismic and acoustic signal correlation, which prevents the use of small earthquakes in current studies. The seismic sensitivity of the infrasound sensor, MB3a is shown to be 30f0.75 for ground acceleration or 60πf1.75 for ground velocity and may be an important source of high-frequency noise for an infrasound station using this sensor. Furthermore, an empirical relation is developed to constrain the characteristics of earthquakes that can generate coupled signals on the infrasound sensor. Our study complements previous work and provides insight into the improved interpretation of infrasound signals and methods of seismoacoustic station calibration.
Assessing the Expansion of Ground-Motion Sensing Capability in Smart Cities via Internet Fiber-Optic Infrastructure
Authors: Anderson Scott , Cunningham Erin , Barford Paul , Fratta Dante , Nissen-Meyer Tarje , Wang Herb
Published: June 2024

Monitoring ground motion in smart cities can improve the public safety by providing critical insights on natural and anthropogenic hazards, for example, earthquakes, landslides, explosions, infrastructure failures, and so forth. Although seismic activity is typically measured using dedicated point sensors (e.g., geophones and accelerometers), techniques such as distributed acoustic sensing have demonstrated the utility of using fiber-optic cable to detect seismic activity over comparable distances. In this article, we present the results of a study that quantifies the expansion in an area monitored for low-amplitude ground-motion events by augmenting existing point sensors with the internet fiber-optic cable infrastructure. We begin by describing our methodology, which utilizes geospatial data on point sensors and internet optical fiber deployed in metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) in the United States. We extend these data to identify the area that can be monitored by (1) considering the observed seismic noise data in target locations, (2) applying the model from Wilson et al. (2021) to understand the potential coverage area gains using optical fiber sensing, and (3) optimizing the selection of fiber segments to maximize coverage and minimize deployment costs. We implement our methodology in ArcGIS to assess the additional area that can be monitored for low-amplitude ground-motion events (i.e., magnitude >0.5) by utilizing internet fiber-optic cables in the 100 most populous MSAs in the United States. We find that the addition of internet fiber-based sensors in MSAs would increase the area monitored on average by over an order of magnitude from 1% to 12%, if the subset of fiber cable segments that maximize coverage and minimize deployment costs is chosen even if only 20% of all fibers are used.
Mental disorders in children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease: a first screening study conducted in Paraguay
Authors: Torales Julio , Florentín Leticia , Rolón-Méndez Elías , Gutiérrez Gabriela , Sánchez García de Zúñiga Martín , Ramírez-Colmán Tania , Báez-Román Elián , Camacho-Bobadilla Tamara , Godoy-Báez Silvio Fabián , O’Higgins Marcelo , Barrios Iván
Published: June 2024

Introduction: children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease often face unique challenges that significantly affect their mental well-being. Objective: this study aimed to assess the mental health status of children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease receiving care at the Departamento de Nefrología Pediátrica of the Facultad de Ciencias Médicas of the Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Methodology: this was a descriptive, prospective, cross-sectional observational study. We categorized participants based on sociodemographic factors (age, sex, residence, parents' marital status and education, and parental occupation) and clinical variables (age at chronic kidney disease diagnosis, underlying pathology, treatment type). Mental health assessments utilized the Brief Questionnaire for Screening and Diagnosis, adapted from Rutter's Child Scale. Diagnoses were classified as non-cases, probable uncomplicated cases, or definite complicated cases based on symptom severity. Results: our study analyzed 28 young individuals, predominantly male (57.1 %), aged between 2 and 17 years with a mean age of 12.3 years. Approximately 42.9 % hailed from the countryside, and half had parents who were divorced or separated. Clinically, 42.9 % had chronic kidney disease stages I to III, 17.9 % were at stage IV, and 39.3 % had received kidney transplants. Mental health assessments via Brief Questionnaire for Screening and Diagnosis revealed that 39.3 % did not show probable mental disorders, 32.1 % were probable cases without complications, and 28.6 % were probable cases with complications. Anxiety with inhibition and conduct disorders were the predominant disorders, each impacting 39.3 % of participants. Conclusion: our research underlines the significant burden of mental health disorders in a group of Paraguayan children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease and the pressing need for comprehensive, integrated mental health services that are specifically designed to meet the requirements of this vulnerable population.
Características clínicas de pacientes con enfermedad del pie relacionado a la diabetes mellitus que acudieron al Hospital Nacional 2022-2023
Authors: Benítez Clara , Sánchez Lovera Luis , Jarolin Montiel Magali
Published: June 2024

Introducción: las enfermedades del pie relacionadas a la diabetes mellitus representan una de las causas de mayor morbilidad e incapacidad en las personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 2, siendo la causa más frecuente de ingreso hospitalario en dicho grupo. Objetivo: describir las características clínicas de los pacientes con enfermedad del pie relacionadas a la diabetes mellitus del Hospital Nacional 2022-2023. Metodología: se seleccionaron 113 pacientes portadores de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 con pie diabético mayores de 18 años. Se evaluaron las variables demográficas, medidas antropométricas, características de la enfermedad, comorbilidades y características clínicas del pie. Resultados: de los 113 estudiados 42 pacientes (37 %) correspondieron al sexo femenino y 71 (63 %) al sexo masculino, promedio de edad fue de 65 años DE 12,191. 75 pacientes (66 %) presentaron pie diabético, con lesión Wagner grado 4. El 81 % (92) tenía hipertensión arterial, sedentarismo 65 % (84), en menor frecuencia pacientes con sobrepeso 38 % (43), obesidad 25 % (38), tabaquismo 23 % (26) y dislipidemia 18 % (20). Conclusión: las características clínicas de los pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 con lesión en el pie coinciden con otros trabajos obtenidos a nivel mundial. Es muy importante prestar atención a este grupo de riesgo, mediante medidas preventivas y realizar el tratamiento precoz para disminuir las complicaciones.
Querión de Celso: a propósito de un caso
Authors: Montiel Centurión Judith Nelsi , Mongelós Ortiz Andrea Belén , Da Ponte María Noemí , Ibáñez María Elena , Aldama Caballero Arnaldo Benjamín
Published: June 2024

Divulgamos el caso de Queiron de Celso del cuero cabelludo en una niña de 6 años, procedente de área urbana con antecedente patológico de tiña capitis. La tiña de la cabeza, tinea capitis o dermatofitosis es una infección fúngica causada por hongos, denominados «dermatofitos». El querión es una manifestación grave de tinea capitis que resulta de una intensa respuesta inmune a la infección y caracteriza por el desarrollo de una placa inflamatoria con pústulas, costras gruesas y/o drenaje.
CLIMATE CHANGE EXPOSURE MAPPING FOR NORTHEASTERN TREE SPECIES
Authors: Kopacki Lucas , Pontius Jennifer , D’Amato Anthony , Duncan James
Published: June 2024

The uncertainty around the impacts of changing climate poses a significant challenge to sustaining forest ecosystems in the Northeast. Important work has been done downscaling projected changes in climate conditions, modeling shifts in suitable habitat, and mapping disturbance patterns across the region, but no one effort has combined all these predictive tools into one cohesive dataset. The goal of this project is to aggregate these valuable but disparate spatial data sets to quantify a more comprehensive assessment of relative exposure to climate change impacts at the species, and community level.
Spot Alumni
Authors: Cevallos Samira , Armijos Juan Sebastián
Published: June 2024

Esta sección es un seguimiento de destacados graduados de Relaciones Internacionales y Ciencias Políticas de la USFQ.
Institutional Hybridity in Networked Cultural Organizations through Boundary Work
Authors: Haapakorpi Arja , Kolehmainen Jari , Jousmäki Henna , Leinonen Minna , Siirtola Emmi
Published: June 2024

The article studies the impacts of the pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus on cultural festival organizations in Finland. Festivals have been institutionalized as network organizations, which presumes boundary work with partner organizations from different institutional fields. The organizational pattern of cultural festivals is studied qualitatively by applying institutional theory and particularly the perspective of hybridity due to the network pattern of festival organization.The institutionalization of cultural festivals promoted stability and guaranteed economic support during the pandemic, although the organizations had to run down most of their events. The small-scale impacts were the changes in the network structures and related reshaping of the programs.
Reforma unii celnej
Authors: Senda Tadeusz
Published: June 2024

The reform of the EU customs union. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to present the changes to the EU customs regulations adopted by the European Commission on May 17, 2023. Design/methodology/approach: Author describes the previous and existing customs codifications from 1992 and 2014. Afterwards, he analyses the reasons for undertaking work on the current reform of the customs union and underlines the work of project groups. Finally, the author presents the structure of the new Customs Code, indicating the most important proposed changes. Findings: The provisions reforming the customs union are a response to situations in recent years, such as Brexit, the pandemic, the increased number of tasks of customs authorities resulting from non-tariff regulations and the massive development of e-commerce. Moreover, they are to prepare the customs service for new challenges, including the centralisation of the most important IT systems and the creation of the EU Customs Agency. Additionally, these provisions are intended to ensure the implementation of the principle of acting as one.
Wyższy poziom zarządzania ryzykiem celnym w nowym prawie celnym Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Leśniewski Dariusz
Published: June 2024

Higher level customs risk management in the new EU customs law. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate whether the proposed changes to European Union customs law actually justify the claim that the customs union will be introduced to the next level, based on customs risk management. Design/methodology/approach: The author performs a comparative analysis of the currently functioning customs regulations of the European Union (mainly the EU Customs Code) in the field of customs risk management, the practical approach to risk on the example of the Polish National Tax Administration (KAS) with the change in the European Union customs law regulations planned by the European Commission. The scope of the analysis includes terminology regarding customs risk used in regulations, IT tools, organisational structures of customs administration and the methodology currently used. Further, the study presents the new philosophy of customs risk management, included in the draft of the new Customs Code of the European Union, including the justification for the project. Findings: It is a bit too early to be able to clearly confirm whether the customs union, which is the basis of the European Union, will actually be used and managed at a higher level than now. The reason for this is the lack of all planned regulations, including implementing ones, specifying individual issues of the practical functioning of the new risk-based approach. However, the European Commission’s plans to build a new customs risk management system at the EU level should be assessed positively.
Wiążące informacje jako instrumenty zarządzania ryzykiem celno-podatkowym
Authors: Małecka-Ziembińska Edyta
Published: June 2024

Binding information as instruments for customs and tax risk management. Purpose: The aim of the chapter is to present and evaluate some of the most important instruments for business to facilitate the submission of customs declarations and minimise the risk of violation, even unconscious, of the calculation elements in customs declarations. Design/methodology/approach: The chapter will first characterise and assess changes in the scope of issuing binding information in Poland, effective from July 1, 2023. Then, the importance of binding customs information for the certainty and uniformity of application of both customs and tax law will be presented. In the following, the binding customs information BTI and BOI that are already in force will be characterised, and the work on introducing the most difficult of these information—namely binding valuation information (BVI)—will be described. Findings: The simplification and unification of the rules for processing binding information is of a systemic nature. It contributes both to improving the efficiency of issuing such decisions and positively shapes the situation of taxpayers, which serves to deepen the principle of citizen’s trust in tax authorities and legal certainty. Binding valuation information is generally considered to be a more complex area than tariff classification and origin, which may explain the continued lack of such an instrument. Therefore, the progress of work on binding valuation information should be assessed positively. Its implementation will increase transparency and legal certainty and contribute to compliance and uniformity in customs valuation, to the benefit of economic operators, customs authorities and the financial interests of the EU and individual Member States.
Procedura celna 42 a oszustwa w zakresie VAT
Authors: Krysztofiak Agnieszka , Strugliński Dariusz
Published: June 2024

Customs procedure 42 and VAT fraud. Purpose: The purpose of this chapter is to present basic information on customs procedure 42 and VAT fraud using this procedure. The rules of administrative assistance between EU Member States in the field of VAT aimed at combating fraud using customs procedure 42 were also identified and presented. Administrative assistance instruments such as VIES, Eurofisc network were characterised and compared. Finally, the challenges faced by the tax administrations of EU Member States in the combating fraud using customs procedure 42 were presented. Design/methodology/approach: To achieve the purpose, an analysis of legal acts was used, including in particular Council Regulation (EU) No 904/2010 of 7 October 2010 on administrative cooperation and combating fraud in the field of value added tax as well as the documents published by the European Commission and the European Court of Auditors (ETO) and also Olaf, Europol and EPPO. Findings: Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that close cooperation between tax and customs administrations is of great importance for the efficiency of the tax authorities of all EU Member States. The exchange of information between Member States should mainly be based on joint analysis of information and cross-checks of customs and tax information. Such an innovative approach will enable full use of the anti-fraud tools available within the European Union and, consequently, will contribute to faster elimination of VAT fraud using customs procedure 42. Cooperation between countries using the tools described in this chapter is the most appropriate way to combat cross-border VAT fraud using customs procedure 42.
Strategie firm w obliczu sankcji nałożonych na Rosję
Authors: Stępień Beata , Truskolaski Szymon
Published: June 2024

Strategic responses of companies suffering from sanctions imposed on Russia. Purpose: In this chapter, we analyse how companies responded to sanctions imposed on Russia after its invasion of Ukraine. We examine the impact of selected external (public-legal pressure, the size of sanctions and crisis caused by the war) and internal factors (strategic agility, code of ethics and sustainable conduct) on the degree of compliance with sanctions and the type of adaptation strategies adopted. Design/methodology/approach: The objects of the study are medium-sized companies from countries that have imposed sanctions (here, Poland, Germany and the US). The results come from an electronic questionnaire survey conducted in 2023 among 610 medium-sized companies operating in industries directly or indirectly affected by trade restrictions. Findings: The company’s code of ethics and the perceived severity of the crisis have the greatest impact on the approach to sanctions and respective adaptation strategies. At the same time, external and internal pressure affect companies in opposite directions, with consequences for their adaptation strategies.