bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyses de la polychromie des clefs de voûte du choeur de la cathédrale de Chartres
Authors: Checroun Émilie , Detalle Vincent , Pallot-Frossard Isabelle
Published: July 2015

L’analyse de la polychromie des enduits et des clefs de voûte permet non seulement de connaître les composants, les pigments et les techniques mises en oeuvre, mais aussi d’affirmer que ce décor est bien celui d’origine.
Les relevés des peintures murales de Saint-Savin-sur-Gartempe aux XIXe et XXe siècles : l’aquarelle au service de la conservation
Authors: Jeannest Élodie
Published: July 2015

Bestandsaufnahmen der Wandmalereien der Kirche Saint-Savin-sur-Gartempe im 19. und 20. Jh. : Aquarellkunst im Dienst ihrer Erhaltung und Pflege, von Élodie Jeannest

Die Sammlungen der Mediathek für Architektur und Kulturerbe bergen über 3700 Bestandsaufnahmen der Wandmalereien und 80 Tafeln davon zeigen die berühmten romanischenWandmalereien der Kirche Saint-Savin-sur-Gartempe. DerWandschmuck der Abteikirche wurde nicht nur mit am meisten kopiert, sondern gehörte auch zu den ersten kopierten Ensembles. Die erste Probekampagne wurde 1840 von den Denkmalschutzbehörden durchgeführt und vom Komitee für bildende Künste und Kunstdenkmäler unterstützt ; ihr folgten weitere, im Rhythmus der Restaurierungskampagnen des Kirchenbaues, in deren Verlauf weitereMalereien freigelegt wurden. Der Artikel beschreibt die Geschichte der verschiedenen Kampagnen des 19. und 20. Jhds. und die Einsetzung und Entwicklung einer Politik, deren Ziel darin besteht, den mittelalterlichen Wandschmuck in Frankreich zu erhalten und belegt den Nutzen jener „ Hilfs-Werke“, die das historische Gedächtnis derWandmalereien darstellen.
Un élément constitutif de l'identité nationale : le concept de narodnost' dans la pensée russe du XIXe siècle, essai de position du problème
Authors: Lemagnen Catherine
Published: July 2015

Considered initially as an aesthetic concept, instrumental in distinguishing the «Ancients» from the «Moderns» in the aesthetical debate of the 1 820s, the concept of narodnost' acquired in the 1830s a political dimension by becoming one of the pillars of Imperial ideology. Far from losing its literary connotation, the concept became a key issue in the struggle between Slavophiles and Westernizers in the years 1830-1 840. With the « Great Reforms » of the 1 860s, some thinkers started using the term narodnost' to conceptualise a nation politically conscious of itself, like Revolutionary France, instead of a community linked by the sole instinctive feeling of belonging to an organic entity as described by German idealism. Subject to significant semantic evolutions resulting from virulent polemics, the concept of narodnost' enabled the Russian world to be conscious of the evolution of its national identity, while underlining the importance of words and language in this process, thus taking vital steps in confirming identity
A La Recherche du Temps de Verbe Perdu: Semantic Bootstrapping and the Acquisition of the Future Tense
Authors: Cassell Justine , Chametzky Robert
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1986), pp. 328-339
Abrupt Transmission Failure in Obsolescing Languages: How Sudden the ‘Tip’ to the Dominant Language in Communities and Families?
Authors: Dorian Nancy C.
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1986), pp. 72-83
Indirect Transitives in Georgian
Authors: Tuite Kevin
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1987), pp. 296-309
Metaphorical Models of Thought and Speech: A Comparison of Historical Directions and Metaphorical Mappings in the Two Domains
Authors: Sweetser Eve E.
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1987), pp. 446-459
On the Linguistic Function of Event Roles
Authors: Wilkins Wendy
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1987), pp. 460-472
Energetic Reflexives in Spanish
Authors: Maldonado Ricardo
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1988), pp. 153-165
Hierarchical Features of the International Phonetic Alphabet
Authors: Ladefoged Peter
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1988), pp. 124-141
Small Clauses and the Projection Principle
Authors: Kaplan Jeffery P.
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1988), pp. 78-87
The Comparative Conditional Construction in English, German, and Chinese
Authors: McCawley James D.
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1988), pp. 176-187
There Was a Farmer Had a Dog: Syntactic Amalgams Revisited
Authors: Lambrecht Knud
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1988), pp. 319-339
Clitics in Homeric Greek: Less Evidence that PIE was Head-Final
Authors: Golston Chris
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1989), pp. 346-355
Displacement Features in Phonology
Authors: Hudson Grover
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1989), pp. 170-180
Proto-Linguistic Variation: A Link between Historical Linguistics and Sociolinguistics
Authors: Greenberg Joseph H.
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1989), pp. 91-101
Questioning vs. Identifying: A Functionalist Analysis of the [A candidate that which professor recommended was hired?] Construction in Japanese
Authors: Hasegawa Yoko
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1989), pp. 138-149
Syntactic Polysemy and Underspecification in the Lexicon
Authors: Schiller Eric
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1989), pp. 278-280
Conversational Cooperation in Social Perspective
Authors: Gumperz John J.
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1990), pp. 429-441
Disembodied Rules versus Patterns in the Lexicon: Testing the Psychological Reality of Spanish Stress Rules
Authors: Aske Jon
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1990), pp. 30-45
Misbehaving Reflexives in Korean and Mandarin
Authors: Zubin David A. , Chun Soon Ae , Li Naicong
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1990), pp. 338-352
Syntax and Discourse: A Look at Resumptive Pronouns
Authors: Prince Ellen F.
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1990), pp. 482-497
The Role of Conversational Implicature in the Early Grammaticalization of the English Perfect
Authors: Carey Kathleen
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1990), pp. 371-380
“What, me worry?” – ‘Mad Magazine Sentences’ Revisited
Authors: Lambrecht Knud
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1990), pp. 215-228
Object Extraction and the Accessibility of Thematic Information
Authors: Asina Alex , Mchombo Sam A.
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: General Session and Parasession on The Grammar of Event Structure (1991), pp. 15-29
The Conceptual Structure of Intentional Action: Data from Kathmandu Newari
Authors: Hargreaves David
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: General Session and Parasession on The Grammar of Event Structure (1991), pp. 379-389
The Semantics of Guarani Agreement Markers
Authors: Velázquez-Castillo Maura
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: General Session and Parasession on The Grammar of Event Structure (1991), pp. 324-335
Cyclicity and Suffix Doubling in the Bantu Verb Stem
Authors: Hyman Larry M. , Katamba Francis X.
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: Special Session on African Language Structures (1991), pp. 134-144
Feature-changing Harmony in Turkana
Authors: Noske Manuela
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: Special Session on African Language Structures (1991), pp. 166-176
Language Contact, Creolization, and Genetic Linguistics: The Case of Mwiini
Authors: Nurse Derek
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: Special Session on African Language Structures (1991), pp. 177-187
What is a Symmetrical Language? Multiple Object Constructions in Bantu
Authors: Rugemalira Josephat M.
Published: July 2015

Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: Special Session on African Language Structures (1991), pp. 200-209
Experimental Assessment of Moisture Storage Functions of Different Types of Sandstone
Authors: Záleská Martina , Žumár Jaromír , Pavlíková Milena
Published: July 2015

In this paper, sandstones from particular quarries are studied using pressure plate method and a water vapour adsorption device. Firstly, basic material properties are examined. Moisture storage parameters for hygroscopic and over-hygroscopic moisture transport are determined using desorption isotherms and water retention curves. Using Kelvin equation, the combined desorption isotherms and retention curves are presented in a full range of relative humidity (0 – 100 %). Resulting combined isotherms of tested sandstones show the tendency of moisture storage properties in relation to the porosity of the materials. The measured data gives the information on material desorption capacity when exposed to the water vapour pressure.
A Contribution to the Treatment of Salt Damage in Historical Buildings
Authors: Antepara Iñigo , Medveď Igor , Žumár Jaromír , Černý Robert
Published: July 2015

Salts and water may cause serious damage to historical masonries. Therefore, numerous conservation treatments have been developed by research teams for the consolidation and protection of porous building materials affected by salt attack. Here the focus is on methods for obtaining an effective desalination of historical masonry, indicating their advantages and disadvantages. It is pointed out that cellulose is a favourite material added to poultices used in desalination.
High Strength Concrete Matrix for Textile Reinforced Concrete Production in Special Curing Conditions
Authors: Holčapek Ondřej
Published: July 2015

This contribution deals with interesting and progressive curing method applied to fresh concrete matrix for textile reinforced concrete production. The application of high pressure 0.3 MPa and temperature 130 °C in 100 % humidity environment for 4 hours was performed. Cement matrix and steel fibers reinforced cement matrix has been investigated. The goal of this research is to quantified compressive strength, flexure strength, bulk density and dynamic modulus of elasticity of both mixtures. These parameters were investigated after hydrothermal curing process at the ages 6, 12, 15, 18, 21 and 24 hour after first contact of water with cement. All parameters were investigated on specimens 40 x 40 x 160 mm3 and the destructive tests were controlled by increase of deformation. Special curing condition led to an increase of the compressive strength by more than 10 % in case of cement matrix, and by more than 40 % in case of fiber reinforced cement matrix.
Experimental Determination of Material Characteristics of New Type of Plaster
Authors: Jerman Miloš , Žumár Jaromír
Published: July 2015

New type of commercial plaster which is not well known in the market is investigated in this paper. It is a new product delivered from Turkey, contains 80% of perlit, the binder is unknown and according to the producer it is some type of polymer. According to the producer’s data, the open porosity is 80% and the main advantages are good thermal and mechanical properties. The data in the technical data sheet are not complete, some important information is missing, therefore the basic physical, mechanical, thermal and hygric properties were studied in this paper. Moisture diffusivity, thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity are determined as a function of moisture content. Obtained data were compared with ordinary lime-cement plaster. The results can be further utilized in the computer simulation for service life assessment studies.
Influence of Plasticizer on Properties of Blended Cement Concrete
Authors: Polozhiy Kirill , Siddique Jamal Akhter , Reiterman Pavel
Published: July 2015

In this article Portland-slag cement was step by step replaced with pozzolana (fine red-clay ceramics) in concrete. This is first step of research that is why the only measured characteristics were consistency of mixtures and compressive strength. There were designed four mixtures with increasing replacement of Portland cement by 10 % each (CR, C1, C2, C3) where complete activity of pozzolana was assumed. Mixtures C4, C5 and C6 were designed with respect to presumed just partial activity of the used pozzolana (set as 40 %). The water/cement coefficient was decided to be taken according to the consistence of the mortar.
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cement Pastes with Blended Binder Containing Fine Milled Glass
Authors: Kočová Markéta , Pokorný Jaroslav , Pavlíková Milena , Pavlík Zbyšek
Published: July 2015

Physical and mechanical behaviour of cement pastes with partial Portland cement replacement by fine milled waste glass is researched in the presented paper. The tested pastes contain milled borosilicate glass in amount of 5, 10, 20, and 30 mass% of cement. The chemical composition of borosilicate glass and used Portland cement is accessed by XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) analysis. For the milled glass, pozzolanic activity and particle size distribution are measured. Here, modified Chapelle test is used for evaluation of pozzolanic activity. Particle size distribution is measured on laser diffraction principle. Basic physical properties and mechanical properties are determined for samples cured 28 and 90 days in water in order to evaluate the kinetics of hydration process. The obtained results revealed the possible applicability of the tested borosilicate glass in the composition of cement-based composite materials.
Pore Structure and Hydric Characteristics of Renders with Blended Binder
Authors: Čáchová Monika , Vejmelková Eva , Polozhiy Kirill
Published: July 2015

Exterior renders are protecting the load bearing parts of building constructions against the negative action of surrounding environment such is freezing-thawing action, crystallization of salts in pore system of material, biocorrosion etc. Thus sufficient mechanical properties, namely bending strength and adhesion to load bearing material’s surface, as well as durability properties are required. The paper deals with durability parameters of lime plasters modified by pozzolana and small amount of Portland cement. Such modification provided reduction of rate of liquid water transport what is promising with respect to freezing-thawing resistance of render. The water vapour diffusion coefficient was influenced just moderately.
Anti-Inflammatory Diet for Atherosclerosis and Coronary Artery Disease: Antioxidant Foods
Authors: Saita Emi , Kondo Kazuo , Momiyama Yukihiko
Published: July 2015

Oxidative stress plays a role in atherosclerotic diseases such as coronary artery disease (CAD), and much attention has been paid to antioxidant foods. The relationships between the consumption of vegetables and fruits and atherosclerotic diseases have been reported in many epidemiological studies showing a reduced risk of such diseases. In addition to the antioxidant vitamins C and E, green and yellow vegetables contain abundant quantities of carotenoids and polyphenols. The consumption of carotenoids and vitamins C and E has been shown to be inversely associated with CAD. However, supplementation with beta-carotene and vitamins C and E shows no beneficial effect, but rather mortality is increased with beta-carotene and vitamin E supplements. Therefore, it is recommended to consume vegetables and fruits, but vitamin supplementation is not recommended. Many epidemiological studies also report that higher consumption of fish, rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), is associated with a lower risk of CAD and stroke. Antiatherosclerotic effects of n-3 PUFAs include reduced platelet aggregation, triglyceride-lowering effect, anti-inflammatory effect, and plaque stabilization, but the anti-inflammatory effect is principally responsible for preventing atherosclerosis. It is recommended to consume fish at least twice a week in patients without CAD and to consider n-3 PUFA supplements in patients with documented CAD. Regarding soy products, soy protein consumption reduces low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Isoflavone, a polyphenol contained in soybeans, has antiatherosclerotic property because it has a structure similar to that of estrogen and bonds with estrogen receptors. High consumption of isoflavone has been reported to be associated with a reduced risk of CAD and stroke only in women, but the preventative effect of soy products in the general population has not yet been clarified. Thus, many epidemiological studies report the promising effects of antioxidant foods, but there are many unclear points remaining with regard to the contribution of the nutritional elements found in antioxidant foods to the prevention of atherosclerotic diseases.
Longitudinal Ultrasound Curriculum Improves Long-Term Retention Among Internal Medicine Residents
Authors: Kelm Diana J. , Ratelle John T. , Azeem Nabeel , Bonnes Sara L. , Halvorsen Andrew J. , Oxentenko Amy S. , Bhagra Anjali
Published: July 2015

Background

Point-of-care ultrasound is a rapidly evolving component of internal medicine (IM) residency training. The optimal approach for teaching this skill remains unclear.

Objective

We sought to determine whether the addition of a longitudinal ultrasound curriculum to a stand-alone workshop for ultrasound training improved knowledge retention in IM residents.

Methods

We conducted an observational cohort study from July to December 2013. All postgraduate year (PGY)-1 IM residents attended an ultrasound workshop during orientation. Ability to identify static images of ascites, kidney, thyroid, pleural fluid, inferior vena cava, and internal jugular vein was assessed immediately after the workshop. An ultrasound curriculum, including morning report and ultrasound rounds, was initiated during the inpatient medicine rotation. PGY-1 residents were randomly assigned to participate in the longitudinal curriculum. Six months later, we conducted a follow-up survey with all PGY-1 residents.

Results

Forty-eight PGY-1 residents (67%) completed the postworkshop test and the 6-month follow-up test. Of these, 50% (24 of 48) had participated in the ultrasound curriculum. Residents not exposed to the curriculum showed a decline in the identification of ascites, pleural effusion, and internal jugular vein at 6 months (P < .05), whereas those who participated in the curriculum maintained their performance (P < .05).

Conclusions

Six months after exposure to a longitudinal ultrasound curriculum, residents were more likely to correctly identify ultrasound images of ascites, kidney, and pleural effusion. The addition of a longitudinal ultrasound curriculum may result in improved knowledge retention in IM residents.
Resident Ratings of Communication Skills Using the Kalamazoo Adapted Checklist
Authors: Porcerelli John H. , Brennan Simone , Carty Jennifer , Ziadni Maisa , Markova Tsveti
Published: July 2015

Background

The Kalamazoo Essential Elements Communication Checklist–Adapted (KEECC-A) is a well-regarded instrument for evaluating communication and interpersonal skills. To date, little research has been conducted that assesses the accuracy of resident self-ratings of their communication skills.

Objective

To assess whether residents can accurately self-rate communication skills, using the KEECC-A, during an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE).

Methods

A group of 104 residents from 8 specialties completed a multistation OSCE as part of an institutional communication skills curriculum conducted at a single institution. Standardized patients (SPs) and observers were trained in rating communication skills using the KEECC-A. Standardized patient ratings and resident self-ratings were completed immediately following each OSCE encounter, and trained observers rated archived videotapes of the encounters.

Results

Resident self-ratings and SP ratings using the KEECC-A were significantly correlated (r104 = 0.238, P = .02), as were resident self-ratings and observer ratings (r104 = 0.284, P = .004). The correlation between the SP ratings and observer (r104 = 0.378, P = .001) ratings were larger in magnitude, but not significantly different (P > .05) from resident/SP or resident/observer correlations.

Conclusions

The results suggest that residents, with a modicum of training using the KEECC-A, can accurately rate their own communication and interpersonal skills during an OSCE. Using trained observers to rate resident communication skills provides a unique opportunity for evaluating SP and resident self-ratings. Our findings also lend further support for the reliability and validity of the KEECC-A.
Safe Medication Reconciliation: An Intervention to Improve Residents' Medication Reconciliation Skills
Authors: Arundel Cherinne , Logan Jessica , Ayana Ribka , Gannuscio Jacqueline , Kerns Jennifer , Swenson Rebecca
Published: July 2015

Background

Medication errors during hospitalization are a major patient safety concern. Medication reconciliation is an effective tool to reduce medication errors, yet internal medicine residents rarely receive formal education on the process.

Objective

We assessed if an educational intervention on quality improvement principles and effective medication reconciliation for internal medicine residents will lead to fewer medication discrepancies and more accurate discharge medication lists.

Methods

From July 2012 to May 2013, internal medicine residents from 3 academic institutions who were rotating at the Washington DC VA Medical Center received twice-monthly interactive educational sessions on medication reconciliation, using both institutional summary metrics and data from their own discharges. Sessions were led by a faculty member or chief resident. Accuracy of discharge instructions for residents in the intervention group was compared to the accuracy of discharge data from June 2012 for a group of residents who did not receive the intervention. We used χ2 analysis to assess for differences.

Results

The number of duplicate medications (23% versus 12%, P = .01); extraneous medications (14% versus 6%, P = .014); medications sorted by disease or indication (25% versus 77%, P < .001); and the number of discrepancies in discharge summaries (34% versus 11%, P < .001) statistically improved. No difference in the number of omissions was found between the 2 groups (17% versus 15%, P = .62).

Conclusions

An educational intervention targeting internal medicine residents can be implemented with reasonable staff and time costs, and is effective in reducing the number of medication discrepancies at discharge.
A Randomized Educational Intervention Trial to Determine the Effect of Online Education on the Quality of Resident-Delivered Care
Authors: Dolan Brigid M. , Yialamas Maria A. , McMahon Graham T.
Published: July 2015

Background

There is limited research on whether online formative self-assessment and learning can change the behavior of medical professionals.

Objective

We sought to determine if an adaptive longitudinal online curriculum in bone health would improve resident physicians' knowledge, and change their behavior regarding prevention of fragility fractures in women.

Methods

We used a randomized control trial design in which 50 internal medicine resident physicians at a large academic practice were randomized to either receive a standard curriculum in bone health care alone, or to receive it augmented with an adaptive, longitudinal, online formative self-assessment curriculum delivered via multiple-choice questions. Outcomes were assessed 10 months after the start of the intervention. Knowledge outcomes were measured by a multiple-choice question examination. Clinical outcomes were measured by chart review, including bone density screening rate, calculation of the fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) score, and rate of appropriate bisphosphonate prescription.

Results

Compared to the control group, residents participating in the intervention had higher scores on the knowledge test at the end of the study. Bone density screening rates and appropriate use of bisphosphonates were significantly higher in the intervention group compared with the control group. FRAX score reporting did not differ between the groups.

Conclusions

Residents participating in a novel adaptive online curriculum outperformed peers in knowledge of fragility fracture prevention and care practices to prevent fracture. Online adaptive education can change behavior to improve patient care.
The Changing Scenario of Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency Training
Authors: Gupta Natasha , Dragovic Kristina , Trester Richard , Blankstein Josef
Published: July 2015

Background

Significant changes have been noted in aspects of obstetrics-gynecology (ob-gyn) training over the last decade, which is reflected in Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) operative case logs for graduating ob-gyn residents.

Objective

We sought to understand the changing trends of ob-gyn residents' experience in obstetric procedures over the past 11 years.

Methods

We analyzed national ACGME procedure logs for all obstetric procedures recorded by 12 728 ob-gyn residents who graduated between academic years 2002–2003 and 2012–2013.

Results

The average number of cesarean sections per resident increased from 191.8 in 2002–2003 to 233.4 in 2012–2013 (17%; P < .001; 95% CI −47.769 to −35.431), the number of vaginal deliveries declined from 320.8 to 261 (18.6%; P < .001; 95% CI 38.842–56.35), the number of forceps deliveries declined from 23.8 to 8.4 (64.7%; P < .001; 95% CI 14.061–16.739), and the number of vacuum deliveries declined from 23.8 to 17.6 (26%; P < .001; 95% CI 5.043–7.357). Between 2002–2003 and 2007–2008, amniocentesis decreased from 18.5 to 11 (P < .001, 95% CI 6.298–8.702), and multifetal vaginal deliveries increased from 10.8 to 14 (P < .001, 95% CI −3.895 to −2.505). Both were not included in ACGME reporting after 2008.

Conclusions

Ob-gyn residents' training experience changed substantially over the past decade. ACGME obstetric logs demonstrated decreases in volume of vaginal, forceps, and vacuum deliveries, and increases in cesarean and multifetal deliveries. Change in experience may require use of innovative strategies to help improve residents' basic obstetric skills.
At the risk of floodwaters: historical flood risk and its social impacts in the area of the Wash in eastern England (Cambridgeshire, Norfolk, Lincolnshire) Mid 17th century–end of the 19th century
Authors: Garnier E.
Published: July 2015

Abstract. The floods were classified according to a severity scale derived from the contents of the historical sources. It enables an evaluation of these events in spite of the lack of instrumental data for the major part of period. It shows that the chronology and the severity of the floods in this part of England were contradictory from one century to another one and that their origins, as their seasonality, underwent not insignificant changes. The paper then shows that local societies (urban and rural) did not passively accept these extreme climate events. It shows that the flood questioned directly challenged the socioeconomic balance of the populations and that they tried to face it in a pragmatic and sustainable way.
Sobre la construcción de la enfermedad en el discurso del malestar docente
Authors: Reyes Tamara , Varas Alejandro , Zelaya Víctor
Published: July 2015

Esta investigación aborda el problema de la enfermedad como una narrativa del malestar docente, desde la perspectiva de las investigaciones discursivas, para comprender su relación con la producción de identidades en Chile. El estudio fue realizado con profesorxs1 pertenecientes al sistema público que ya participaron de la evaluación docente o  se encontraban participando en dicho proceso. Los resultados proponen una narrativa canónica caracterizada por la construcción discursiva de la enfermedad. Se plantea una interpretación política de la construcción y producción de subjetividades en lo educativo, particularmente en el contexto del nuevo management público.
Application of Hill’s criteria of causation to shaken baby syndrome: Further evidence that questions the existence of shaken baby syndrome
Authors: Miller Marvin
Published: July 2015

Background: Controversy about the existence of shaken baby syndrome persists. This diagnosis was once routinelyaccepted in the infant who presents with the triad - unexplained subdural hematoma, retinal hemorrhages, and neurologicdysfunction. However, a critical examination of the relevant biomechanical, biologic, and clinical findings in the infantwith the triad now suggests shaken baby syndrome may not exist, and medical mimics of this entity may have been missed.Methods: The author performed a Hill’s analysis of causation using 9 criteria typically evaluated in such an assessmentusing a Google Scholar search of the medical literature for relevant information on shaken baby syndrome.Results: None of the 9 criteria were fulfilled in the analysis.Conclusion: Using a well-accepted analysis for evaluating whether a specific event (shaking) leads to a specific outcome(the triad), there was no compelling evidence that shaking causes the triad.
Facile Preparation of Silver Halide Nanoparticles as Visible Light Photocatalysts
Authors: Cui Linfan , Jiao Tifeng , Zhang Qingrui , Zhou Jingxin , Peng Qiuming
Published: July 2015

In this study, highly efficient silver halide (AgX)-based photocatalysts were successfully fabricated using a facile and template-free direct-precipitation method. AgX nanoparticles, which included silver chloride (AgCl), silver bromide (AgBr) and silver iodide (AgI), were synthesized using different potassium halides and silver acetate as reactive sources. The size distribution of the AgX nanoparticles was determined by the reaction time and ratio of the reagents, which were monitored by UV-vis spectra. The as-prepared AgX nanoparticles exhibited different photocatalytic properties. This shows the differences for the photodegradation of methyl orange and Congo red dyes. In addition, the AgCl nanoparticle-based photocatalyst exhibited the best photocatalytic property among all three types of AgX nanoparticles that are discussed in this study. Therefore, it is a good candidate for removing organic pollutants.
Fuerza, forma y expresión entre los siglos XVIII y XIX
Authors: López Lloret Jorge
Published: July 2015

En la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII Rousseau puso de moda la expresión como fundamento de la actividad filosófica. Poco después Lavater popularizó la Fisiognómica como una disciplina potencialmente universal. A finales de siglo en el entorno del Clasicismo de Weimar y del Romanticismo de Jena se comenzó a desarrollar dicho potencial en la teoría estética y literaria. En este marco los hermanos Humboldt dieron un paso más y extendieron el principio de expresión a las ciencias de la naturaleza y del espíritu. Finalmente, todas estas tendencias fueron elaboradas filosóficamente por Schopenhauer, formando el núcleo de su doctrina.
KOSELLECK, Reinhart. Esbozos teóricos. ¿Sigue teniendo utilidad la historia? Escolar y Mayo. Madrid. 2013. 147 páginas.
Authors: Replinger Fuentes Laura
Published: July 2015

Reseña del libro: KOSELLECK, Reinhart. Esbozos teóricos. ¿Sigue teniendo utilidad la historia? Escolar y Mayo, Madrid, 2013.
Violencia sufrida y percibida por el personal de enfermería del Área Sanitaria Integrada de A Coruña
Authors: Isasi Santiago Martinez , García Zurita Abelardo , Felipez Agrelo Iria María , Castro Dios Diana Josefa
Published: July 2015

Introduccion: La violencia sufrida y percibida por el personal de Enfermería está en aumento desde hace dos décadas de manera global y ningún acto violento está justificado. Son muchas las consecuencias sobre la salud de las enfermeras como consecuencia de la violencia en el trabajo y múltiples variables que intervienen en la violencia y casi todas ya estudiadas.
Objetivo: Conocer y describir las agresiones percibidas y sufridas por el personal de enfermería en el EOXI A Coruña.
Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal, de la información recogida a través de un cuestionario autoaplicado, individual y anónimo, llevado a cabo con el personal de enfermería del Área Sanitaria A Coruña.
Resultados: La participación ha sido del 14,5% de la muestra inicial. De los enfermeros que han cubierto la encuesta declaran haber sufrido una agresión el 68,3%, siendo la violencia verbal el tipo de mayor frecuencia (37,2%), seguido por la combinación de agresión verbal y física (18,6%). El 35,6% han sentido el respaldo de la empresa y únicamente han denunciado el 20% de los que han sido víctimas de violencia hacia su persona.
Conclusiones: Los actos violentos sufridos en los cuales se ha tramitado la denuncia son muy bajos. El conocerlos y trabajar sobre ellos en los diferentes contextos donde se producen y de manera piramidal en la organización haría que podamos luchar de manera eficiente contra este problema.

 
Encuesta de satisfacción de un proyecto de mejora de calidad del servicio aragonés de salud
Authors: Bimbela Serrano María Teresa , Bimbela Serrano Fernando , Bernués Vázquez Luis
Published: July 2015

 Introducción: Según el informe de 2008 del Sistema Nacional de Salud, existe un 4,7% de los usuarios que opina que el sistema sanitario debería rehacerse por completo y casi un 27%, que es necesario introducir cambios importantes para su mejora.
Hipótesis: El desarrollo de un programa específico de control de peso para pacientes obesos en Atención Primaria mejora la calidad de la actuación percibida por el paciente de Atención Primaria.
Objetivos: Valorar la influencia de un proyecto de mejora de calidad de Atención Primaria en los resultados globales de una encuesta de satisfacción de los usuarios de dicha Zona Básica de Salud.
Material y Métodos: Estudio prospectivo de intervención cuasiexperimental centrado en el tratamiento de la obesidad en Atención Primaria realizado desde Enero de 2012 a Diciembre 2013, en cuya evaluación final se realizó una encuesta autoadministrada de Satisfacción de los usuarios y se comparó con los resultados obtenidos con el mismo cuestionario por el Servicio Aragonés de Salud en dicha Zona Básica de Salud. Para el análisis estadístico de estos datos se empleó el programa informático SPSS.15.
Resultados principales: Se observa un aumento destacable en los apartados “Interés del personal de enfermería”, “Satisfacción de los cuidados sanitarios” (medicina y enfermería) y “Solución dada a problemas”. No hubo aspectos negativos y el 100% de los encuestados expresó una satisfacción general y un 88% destacó el aspecto de la paciencia del profesional hacia los pacientes.

Conclusión: El proyecto de mejora de calidad realizado con pacientes crónicos de la consulta de enfermería de Atención Primaria, ha sido valorado muy satisfactoriamente, llegando a mejorar la puntuación de los resultados globales del Sistema Aragonés de Salud en esta Zona Básica de Salud.

 
Atypical Localization of Enchondroma in the Calcaneus
Authors: Komurcu Erkam , Kaymaz Burak , Golge Umut Hatay , Goksel Ferdi , Resorlu Mustafa , Kılınç Nihal
Published: July 2015

A 53-year-old man presented to the orthopedic outpatient clinic with pain and swelling in the right heel without any trauma. On physical examination and radiologic assessment, a lesion with calcification and peripheral sclerosis was detected in the medullary cavity of the calcaneus, and computed tomographic images revealed cortical thinning adjacent to the lesion. Magnetic resonance images showed a 23 × 19-mm lesion. Tru-Cut biopsy, performed to clarify the diagnosis, revealed an enchondroma. As a definitive treatment, curettage of the lesion and grafting of the cavity was performed. Although enchondromas are common pathologic abnormalities of the skeleton and are usually asymptomatic, atypical localization, such as the calcaneus, and atypical clinical manifestations, such as heel pain, should also be kept in mind.
Irregular spiking of pyramidal neurons organizes as scale-invariant neuronal avalanches in the awake state
Authors: Bellay Timothy , Klaus Andreas , Seshadri Saurav , Plenz Dietmar
Published: July 2015

Spontaneous fluctuations in neuronal activity emerge at many spatial and temporal scales in cortex. Population measures found these fluctuations to organize as scale-invariant neuronal avalanches, suggesting cortical dynamics to be critical. Macroscopic dynamics, though, depend on physiological states and are ambiguous as to their cellular composition, spatiotemporal origin, and contributions from synaptic input or action potential (AP) output. Here, we study spontaneous firing in pyramidal neurons (PNs) from rat superficial cortical layers in vivo and in vitro using 2-photon imaging. As the animal transitions from the anesthetized to awake state, spontaneous single neuron firing increases in irregularity and assembles into scale-invariant avalanches at the group level. In vitro spike avalanches emerged naturally yet required balanced excitation and inhibition. This demonstrates that neuronal avalanches are linked to the global physiological state of wakefulness and that cortical resting activity organizes as avalanches from firing of local PN groups to global population activity.
In Situ Formation of Conductive Metal Sulfide Domain in Metal Oxide Matrix: An Efficient Way to Improve the Electrochemical Activity of Semiconducting Metal Oxide
Authors: Kim In Young , Seo Jiyoon , Oh Seung Mi , Patil Sharad B. , Hwang Seong‐Ju
Published: July 2015

A new effective way to improve the electrochemical activity of semiconducting metal oxide is developed by the in situ formation of conductive metal sulfide domain in the metal oxide matrix. The Li0.96Ti1.08S2−Li4Ti5O12 nanocomposites with tunable compositions and electrical properties are synthesized by the reaction of Li4Ti5O12 with CS2 at elevated temperature. The resulting incorporation of conductive Li0.96Ti1.08S2 domain in the Li4Ti5O12 matrix is effective in enhancing the electrical conductivity and electrode activity of semiconducting lithium titanate. As anode materials for lithium ion batteries, the obtained Li0.96Ti1.08S2−Li4Ti5O12 nanocomposites show much greater discharge capacity and better rate characteristics than does the pristine Li4Ti5O12. The usefulness of the present method is further evidenced from the improvement of the electrochemical activity of semiconducting CsTi2NbO7 after the reaction with CS2. The present study clearly demonstrates the in situ formation of conductive metal sulfide domain using CS2 liquid can provide an efficient and universal way to improve the electrode functionality of semiconducting metal oxide.
Impact of Solvent Additive on Carrier Transport in Polymer:Fullerene Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaic Cells
Authors: Ho Carr Hoi Yi , Dong Qi , Yin Hang , Leung Winky Wing Ki , Yang Qingdan , Lee Harrison Ka Hin , Tsang Sai Wing , So Shu Kong
Published: July 2015

The effects of a solvent additive, 1,8‐diiodooctane (DIO), on both hole and electron transport are investigated in a state‐of‐the‐art bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) system, namely PTB7:PC71BM. For a polymer:fullerene weight ratio of 1:1.5, the electron mobility in the blend film increases by two orders of magnitude with the DIO concentration while almost no change is found in the hole mobility. For lower DIO concentrations, the electron mobility is suppressed because of large, but poorly connected PC71BM domains. For higher concentrations of DIO, the electron mobility is improved progressively and the hole mobility becomes the limiting factor. Between 1 and 5 vol%, the electron and hole mobilities are balanced. Using the Gaussian disorder model (GDM), we found that the DIO concentration modifies fundamentally the average hopping distances of the electrons. In addition, there exist alternative donor–acceptor ratios to achieve optimized PTB7:PC71BM based solar cells. It is demonstrated that the fullerene content of the BHJ film can be significantly reduced from 1:1.5 to 1:1 while the optimized performance can still be preserved.
Assessing the efficacy of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (allo‐HSCT) by analyzing survival end points in defined groups of acute myeloid leukemia patients: A retrospective, multicenter Polish Adult Leukemia Group study
Authors: Grosicki Sebastian , Holowiecki Jerzy , Kuliczkowski Kazimierz , Skotnicki Aleksander , Hellmann Andrzej , Kyrcz‐Krzemien Slawomira , Dmoszynska Anna , Sułek Kazimierz , Kloczko Janusz , Jedrzejczak Wieslaw W. , Warzocha Krzysztof , Zdziarska Barbara , Wierzbowska Agnieszka , Pluta Agnieszka , Komarnicki Mieczyslaw , Giebel Sebastian
Published: July 2015

The importance of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) for survival outcomes in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) currently remains unclear. The study aimed to compare measures of clinical treatment for patients with AML in CR1 (the first complete remission) with or without being subjected to allo‐HSCT. These consisted of leukemia‐free survival (LFS), overall survival (OS), cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), and non‐relapse mortality disease (NRM). Subjects were 622 patients, median age of 44, forming part of the prospective, randomized, and multicenter clinical Polish Adult Leukemia Group trials during 1999–2008. The Mantel–Byar approach was used to assess allo‐HSCT on survival endpoints, accounting for a changing transplant status. Undergoing allo‐HSCT significantly improved the LFS and OS for the entire group of patients with AML in CR1, along with the DAC induction subgroup and for the group with unfavorable cytogenetics aged 41–60. The CIR demonstrated that allo‐HSCT reduced the risk of relapse for patients with AML in CR1 and those with an unfavorable cytogenetic risk. In addition, the NRM analysis showed that allo‐HSCT significantly reduced the risk of death unrelated to relapse for the entire group of AML patients in CR1 and aged 41–60. The allo‐HSCT treatment particularly benefitted survival for the AML in CR1 group having an unfavorable cytogenetic prognosis. Am. J. Hematol. 90:904–909, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Metal‐Free Decarboxylative Cyclization/Ring Expansion: Construction of Five‐, Six‐, and Seven‐Membered Heterocycles from 2‐Alkynyl Benzaldehydes and Cyclic Amino Acids
Authors: Samala Srinivas , Singh Gajendra , Kumar Ravi , Ampapathi Ravi Sankar , Kundu Bijoy
Published: July 2015

A one pot synthesis of 1H‐benzo[g]indoles, tetrahydrobenzo[h]quinolines, and naphtho[1,2‐b]azepines from 2‐alkynyl benzaldehydes and cyclic amino acids is reported. The salient feature of the strategy involves formation of three new bonds (one CN and two CC bonds) by a metal‐free decarboxylation/cyclization/one‐carbon ring expansion sequence in one pot.
Recent developments in cyclodextrin‐mediated aqueous biphasic hydroformylation and tsuji–trost reactions
Authors: Hapiot Frédéric , Menuel Stéphane , Bricout Hervé , Tilloy Sébastien , Monflier Eric
Published: July 2015

New cyclodextrin‐based systems have recently been developed for aqueous organometallic catalysis. Through this review, the major advances made in the field are commented upon and discussed. The role of cyclodextrins as mass transfer promoters, molecular platforms, building blocks for the formation of Pickering emulsions and thermoresponsive catalytic systems is especially emphasized. The catalytic performances of these cyclodextrin‐based catalytic systems are highlighted in two model reactions, namely the rhodium‐catalysed hydroformylation of terminal olefins and the palladium‐catalysed cleavage of allyl carbonates (Tsuji–Trost reaction). Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A potyvirus vector efficiently targets recombinant proteins to chloroplasts, mitochondria and nuclei in plant cells when expressed at the amino terminus of the polyprotein
Authors: Majer Eszter , Navarro José‐Antonio , Daròs José‐Antonio
Published: July 2015

Plant virus‐based expression systems allow quick and efficient production of recombinant proteins in plant biofactories. Among them, a system derived from tobacco etch virus (TEV; genus potyvirus) permits coexpression of equimolar amounts of several recombinant proteins. This work analyzed how to target recombinant proteins to different subcellular localizations in the plant cell using this system. We constructed TEV clones in which green fluorescent protein (GFP), with a chloroplast transit peptide (cTP), a nuclear localization signal (NLS) or a mitochondrial targeting peptide (mTP) was expressed either as the most amino‐terminal product or embedded in the viral polyprotein. Results showed that cTP and mTP mediated efficient translocation of GFP to the corresponding organelle only when present at the amino terminus of the viral polyprotein. In contrast, the NLS worked efficiently at both positions. Viruses expressing GFP in the amino terminus of the viral polyprotein produced milder symptoms. Untagged GFPs and cTP and NLS tagged amino‐terminal GFPs accumulated to higher amounts in infected tissues. Finally, viral progeny from clones with internal GFPs maintained the extra gene better. These observations will help in the design of potyvirus‐based vectors able to coexpress several proteins while targeting different subcellular localizations, as required in plant metabolic engineering.
Involvement of Acidic Amino Acid Residues in Zn2+ Binding to Respiratory Complex I
Authors: Kriegel Sébastien , Srour Batoul , Steimle Stefan , Friedrich Thorsten , Hellwig Petra
Published: July 2015

Proton transfer across membranes and membrane proteins is a central process in biological systems. Zn2+ ions are capable of binding to acidic residues, often found within such specific pathways, thereby leading to a blockage. Here we probed Zn2+inhibition of the proton‐pumping NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase from Escherichia coli by means of electrochemically induced FTIR difference spectroscopy. Numerous conformational changes were identified including those that arise from the reorganization of the membrane arm upon electron transfer in the peripheral arm of the protein. Signals at very high wavenumbers (1781 and 1756 cm−1) point to the perturbation of acidic residues in a highly hydrophobic environment upon Zn2+ binding. In variant D563NL, which lacks part of the proton pumping activity (residue located on the horizontal amphipathic helix), the spectral signature of Zn2+ binding is changed. Our data support a role for this residue in proton translocation.