bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sobre los filtros que determinan la distribución y la abundancia de los macroinvertebrados diádromos y no-díadromos en cada nivel jerarárquico del paisaje fluvial en islas
Authors: Longo-Sánchez Magnolia C. , Blanco Juan F.
Published: January 2023

Los ecosistemas fluviales presentes en las islas son importantes ya que albergan especies con historias de vida particulares. Algunas de ellas son organismos diádromos como peces, camarones, cangrejos y caracoles que constantemente migran entre las cabeceras de los ríos y los estuarios o el océano para completar sus ciclos de vida. Otros, como los insectos, constituyen la fauna no-diádroma, la cual debido a su limitada capacidad de dispersión, a las altas tasas de especiación y al aislamiento propio de cada isla, podría encontrarse restringida a una región insular. Esta clara diferencia en las estrategias de vida, hace necesario el relevamiento de información acerca de los patrones de abundancia y distribución y de los procesos responsables en todos los niveles de la jerarquía espacial (regiones, microcuencas, segmentos, tramos, hábitats y microhábitats), con el fin de establecer medidas que garanticen un manejo adecuado tendiente a la conservación de estos ecosistemas. Por ello, este trabajo presenta una revisión sobre los principales factores que determinan la estructura de los ensambles diádromos y no-diádromos, y que operan en cada nivel jerárquico de las quebradas insulares.
Seminario de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas
Authors: Actualidades Biológicas Revista
Published: January 2023

4 y 5 de noviembre de 2010; RESÚMENES.
Análisis de polifenoles totales de semillas maduras y cultivos celulares de algunas variedades de cacao colombianas
Authors: Rojas Luisa F. , Londoño Julián , Gallego Adriana , Herrera Andrea , Aguilera Carolina , Atehortúa Lucía
Published: January 2023

El propósito de esta investigación fue el establecimiento de suspensiones celulares de cacao (Theobroma cacao) para analizar el contenido de polifenoles totales en dos variedades de cacao colombianas y comparar estos resultados con el contenido total de polifenoles para las mismas variedades de campo. Los resultados finales mostraron que es posible producir gran cantidad de biomasa de cacao capaz de sintetizar los metabolitos sin perder sus propiedades organolépticas (olor, color y sabor), y producir un contenido aceptable de polifenoles totales comparado con las semillas naturales. este estudio preliminar es una perspectiva promisoria para la producción futura de antioxidantes y suplementar con ellos los productos derivados del cacao.
REKLAMLARDA TÜRKLÜK: ARAFTA KALMIŞ BİR MUKTEDİRLİK HALİ
Authors: ÖZGER Onur
Published: January 2023

Bu çalışma, kültürel bir meta olarak dolaşımda tutulan ve aynı zamanda ticarileştirilen Türklük imajının reklamlarda hangi söylem ve göstergelerle çevrelendiğini tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, politik bir kimlik olarak Türk ulusunun yeniden inşasında, “biz” ve “onlar” temsillerinin reklam söylemlerinde nasıl sunulduğunu anlamak da hedeflenmektedir. Reklamlara, milliyetçiliğin gündelik temas aracılarından biri olarak yaklaşan bu çalışma, milliyetçi anlatılarla senaryolaştırılmış iki ayrı reklam filmine odaklanmaktadır: Yapı Kredi Bankası’nın Dünyanın En Yenilikçi Bankası Yapı Kredi (2018) reklamı ve Türk Hava Yolları’nın Hayal Edince (2014) reklamı. Özellikle bu iki reklamın seçilmesinin sebebi; birinin dışarıdaki, diğerinin ise içerideki ötekiyi belirleme çabasıdır. Bu iki markanın seçilmesindeki etken ise her iki markanın da ulusal sermayenin gelişiminde ve temsilinde özel bir yere sahip olmasıdır; nitekim Yapı ve Kredi Bankası, Türkiye’nin ilk özel bankasıdır. Türk Hava Yolları ise Türkiye’nin tek ulusal (bayrak taşıyıcı) hava yolu şirketidir. Çalışmanın kuramsal arka planında ulus kimliği ve Türklük, popüler kültür ile milliyetçilik kesişiminde değerlendirilmektedir. Diğer yandan bu kuramsal bağlama analizde eşlik edecek olan eleştirel söylem çözümlemesinin sağladığı kavrayış aracılığıyla, seçilen iki reklamın dolaşıma çıkardığı söylem ve göstergeler tartışılmaktadır.
DIGITAL HERITAGE AND POLITICS OF THE PAST
Authors: KARA Umut Yener
Published: January 2023

Archeologist Chiara Bonacchi’s book, an output of the project titled Ancient Identities in Modern Britain funded by UK Arts and Humanities Research Council, explores ‘politics of the past’ and focuses on how pre-modern history of Europe is leveraged and used on social media by political parties, press, politicians and the general public as part of populist nationalist movements in different countries.
MÜLTECİ İMGESİNİ YENİDEN TAHAYYÜL ETMEK: INSTAGRAM’DA ALTERNATİF MÜLTECİ GÖRÜNÜMLERİ
Authors: ALÇAYIR Merve
Published: January 2023

Egemen temsil rejimi, mülteciyi “evrensel bir özne”; mülteciliği ise yoksulluk, mağduriyet ve muhtaçlığın karakterize ettiği bir deneyim olarak sunagelmiştir. Ancak çalışmalar, zorunlu göçün kitlesel medya ve uluslararası göç rejiminin sunmaya çalıştığı gibi homojen bir deneyim olmadığını; aksine sosyal, politik, ekonomik ve kültürel koşullara göre değişiklik gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Benzer biçimde medya, mültecileri her zaman şiddet ve zulümden kaçan pasif kurbanlar olarak değil; örneğin İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında olduğu gibi politik özneler olarak temsil etmiştir. Bu araştırma, internet ortamının marjinalleştirilen gruplar için kendi deneyimlerine dair anlatıları yeniden çerçeveleme imkânı sunduğu argümanına dayanarak Instagram’da zorunlu göç deneyimi olan kişilerce üretilen ve paylaşılan mülteci imgelerini analiz etmektedir. Aynı zamanda bu araştırma, yaşanmış deneyime dayalı bu görsel anlatıların klişe imgeleri tersine çevirmekte sunduğu olanaklara odaklanmaktadır. Analiz, Instagram’da mülteciler tarafından üretilen alternatif mülteci imgelerinin, hâlen sayıca sınırlı olsa da, paylaşımların mültecilik deneyiminin farklı yönlerini görünür kılarak uzun vadede pozitif bir değişim için iyimser bir çerçeve sunduğunu göstermektedir.
Determination of Non-Organ Specific Autoantibodies in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C and Association with HLA DRΒ1 (*04) Allele
Authors: Ayub Fatima , Tahir Romeeza , Muhammad Kashif Muhammad Kashif , Javaid Khursheed , Faheem Shahzad Faheem Shahzad , Shah Jahan Shah Jahan , Nadeem Afzal Nadeem Afzal
Published: January 2023

The regulation of immune mechanisms is controlled by major histocompatibility complex/human leukocyte antigen (MHC/HLA). Polymorphisms of the HLA region have an impact on susceptibility to complex infectious and autoimmune diseases. The present study was carried out to determine the frequencies of ASMA, AMA, ANA, dsDNA, and anti-LKM-1 auto-antibodies in hepatitis C patients and to determine their association with the HLA DRβ1 (*04) locus. It was a cross-sectional, analytical study, and 86 patients with chronic HCV were recruited. The presence of auto-antibodies (ASMA, AMA, ANA, dsDNA, and anti-LKM-1) was determined by indirect immunofluorescence and ELISA, while the HLA DRβ1 (*04) allele was assessed by sequence-specific conventional PCR. ANA was detected in 41%, ASMA in 17.4%, AMA in 7%, LKM-1 in 5.8% dsDNA in 4.6% of CHC patients while HLA-DRβ1 (*04) was present in 3.5% of patients, but this was not significantly associated with these auto-antibodies.
Peramalan Kualiti Udara menggunakan Kaedah Pembelajaran Mendalam Rangkaian Perlingkaran Temporal (TCN)
Authors: Abu Bakar Mohd Aftar , Mohd Ariff Noratiqah , Abu Bakar Sakhinah , Goh Pei Chi , Rajendran Ramyah
Published: January 2023

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membina model kualiti udara untuk meramalkan kepekatan bahan pencemar udara di Malaysia. Kaedah peramalan yang dipilih dalam kajian ini adalah suatu teknik pembelajaran mendalam iaitu Rangkaian Perlingkaran Temporal (TCN). Set data yang digunakan adalah siri masa zarahan terampai bersaiz diameter lebih kecil atau sama dengan 10 mikrometer (PM10) yang diperoleh daripada Jabatan Alam Sekitar Malaysia dari 5 Julai 2017 hingga 31 Januari 2019. Data daripada lima stesen pemantauan kualiti udara di Semenanjung Malaysia dipilih untuk kajian ini. Bagi tujuan perbandingan, kaedah rangkaian memori jangka pendek panjang (LSTM) juga digunakan dalam kajian ini yang mana ketepatan antara kedua-dua model dibandingkan. Secara amnya, nilai model ramalan daripada kedua-dua model adalah menghampiri data asal. Walau bagaimanapun, model yang dibina dengan kaedah TCN adalah lebih baik berbanding model LSTM dari segi ketepatan nilai ramalan. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa TCN merupakan teknik yang sesuai digunakan dalam peramalan data siri masa bagi kualiti udara di Semenanjung Malaysia.
Ageing is Correlated to Salt Taste Threshold among Elderly
Authors: Farapti Farapti , Chusnul Fadilla Chusnul Fadilla , Nurina Hasanatuludhhiyah Nurina Hasanatuludhhiyah , Purwo Sri Rezeki Purwo Sri Rezeki , Muhammad Miftahussurur Muhammad Miftahussurur
Published: January 2023

Ageing may coincide with an increasing taste loss that can affect intake and consequently produce negative health impact. This study was conducted to analyze salt taste threshold (STT) in older people and investigate the correlation between ageing and STT among elderly in the nursing home. Recognition threshold of salty was measured using sodium chloride in liquid with the 3 ascending concentration series method. This study showed 18.5% of subjects had poor salt sensitivity. Overall, there was correlation between ageing and STT, it means the older an elderly was, the higher the STT would be (r=0.401, p=0.003). Further analysis based on gender showed the significant increase in STT was only found in male subjects. The increasing age among elderly was associated significantly with declining salt taste sensitivity. Understanding the decline of salt taste sensitivity among ageing population in the nursing home is useful for formulating food recipes for especially hypertensive elderly.
PRAGMATIC GOAL AND METHODS OF HEALTHY LIFESTYLE REPRESENTATION IN SPANISH PUBLICISM
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Shramko Alona
Published: January 2023

The article is dedicated to the study of the pragmatic goals and methods used in Spanish media in order to represent healthy lifestyle and introduce certain ideas into society concerning stated topic. We have examined the definition of term “communicative strategy” and “communicative tactic” in the scientific works of Ukrainian and foreign linguists. Besides, the role of pragmatics in modern linguistics has been analyzed. We have studied the classification of communicative strategies suggested by Ukrainian scientists. Furthermore, we have proposed our own classification of communicative tactics used in the informing and prevention strategies to make sure people get information about negative consequences of being overweight and prevent this and other diseases. The practical basis of our research includes following communicative tactics: the tactic of facts usage and references to the opinion of authorities, the tactic of persuasion , the tactic of explanation, the tactic of a genuine dialogue formation with the reader. We have analyzed who of the Ukrainian and foreign scientists have made great contribution into the study of stated topic. We have examined three components of a communicative strategy, which are essential for its formation. Last but not least, the practical usage of obtained results have been analyzed as well as opportunities for further research in stated field.
IRONY AS DISCURSIVE CERTAINLY / UNCERTAINLY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Smushchynska Iryna , Tsyrkunova Iryna ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Wronska Oksana ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: January 2023

This article launches some considerations about irony like a linguistic resource full of uncertainty and an instrument for excellence to express author’s critical attitude about some political, social and moral phenomenon in a way that is vague and veiled. The theorical aspect explained in the introduction are illustrated with fragments of the literary works of Honoré de Balzac, Théophile Gautier, Claude Roy, Camilo José Cela, Carlos Ruiz Zafón and Mia Couto. The personal contribution of the authors consists in examine the irony like universal linguistic category that is immanent for the different languages (the article analyses Spanish, French and Portuguese), for the different styles of language (fiction, mass media) and for the different literary schools (romantism, realism, modernism, postmodernism).
HISTORICAL AND ARCHIVAL VALUE OF DOCUMENTS OF THE 1944 ARCHIVES CAUNCIL OF WORKERS′ DEPUTIES OF THE VIESITE CITY OF JEKABPILS DISTRICT
Authors: Sloga Anda
Published: January 2023

The topicality of the research is the determination of the historical and archival value of the 1944 archive documents of the executive committee of the Viesite City Council of Workers’ Deputies of Jēkabpils District. The aim of the article is to reflect the documents accumulated in the LNA Jēkabpils Zonal State Archive regarding the above-mentioned period of time and their historical and archival value. Tasks of the article: to reflect the criteria a document values, to reflect the composition of archival documents about the cases created in 1944. The article discusses the basic principles and criteria set out in the unified basic regulations of the State Archives of the Soviet Union approved by the USSR Council of Ministers, which had to be observed when determining the value of documentary material, preparing them for permanent storage in the state archives.
THE CONCEPT AND HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL EXPERIMENT
Authors: Volodjko Dagnija
Published: January 2023

As medical science evolves, medical experiments increase and become more complex. Medical experiments concern to more innovative medical and surgical procedures that are primarily used as a way to contribute to the general good in the interests of humanity. Historically, their role has been important in medical research and patient care. The article researches the historical development of medical experiments, analyses the concept of medical experiment and its types. Regulation in Latvian do not fully describe medical experiments and their types. Considering impact of such experiments, it is necessary to clearly define the concept and types of medical experiment
ANALYSIS OF SALES PROMOTION METHODS OF THE COMPANY AAS “BALTA”
Authors: Volkova Diāna , Volkova Jeļena , Čerpinska Aija
Published: January 2023

For each dynamically developing company, which starts its activities in the international market, one of the most important areas of activity is marketing. Sales promotion is one of the complex elements of marketing. The sales promotion methods of the Latvian insurans market leader AAS BALTA are described in the research. The analysis of the effectiveness of using the sales promotion methods and questionnaires has been made, identifying shortcomings in the general marketing strategy of the company.
EMPLOYEES UNDERSTANDING OF INSTITUTIONAL PLANNING BY IMPLEMENTING THE INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEM IN THE MUNICIPALITY
Authors: Stapulone Elīna
Published: January 2023

The study “Employees' Understanding of Institutional Planning by Implementing the Internal Control System in the Municipality” provides a brief summary of the implementation of the internal control system in public administration, highlighting the differences that distinguish the assessment of public administration performance compared to business. The paper analyzes the element of the internal control system “Institutional activity planning” referred to the regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers “Regulations on the internal control system in a direct administration institution” and analyzes the situation in Priekuli Municipality, evaluating compliance with this element. Questionnaires of municipal employees have been conducted with the aim to find out the understanding of the implementation of the ICS element “Institutional activity planning” and compliance with this element, identifying areas where improvement is needed.
INNOVATION AND THE ROLE OF INNOVATION IN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors: Poruka Zanda
Published: January 2023

With the impact of globalization, many different social challenges are emerging that require new methods and tools. Through the use of various innovations through social entrepreneurship, progress is being made in solving these problems. Social enterprises operate in areas such as job integration, the creative industries, the provision of social services, training and integration into society. The aim of the article is to study social innovations in social entrepreneurship in order to draw conclusions and provide an overview of examples of social innovations in Latvia. Novelty is social innovation in social entrepreneurship.
POPULATION PARTICIPATION IN THE HOUSE MANAGEMENT PROCESS AND ASSESSMENT OF THE FACTORS AFFECTING IT
Authors: Dekšne Juta
Published: January 2023

The aim of the work is to evaluate the participation of residents in the house management process and the factors influencing it, and develop proposals for improving participation. The problem of research - home management is a primary need of every apartment owner, and it is their duty to take part in this process, however, the public still lacks knowledge and neutral, objective information in house management and administration process. Novelty of the research - identified the main inhibitory factor to citizen participation in the house management process.
THE CATEGORY OF JUSTICE AS AN IDEA AND PRINCIPLE OF CIVIL LAW
Authors: Baikovs Aleksandrs
Published: January 2023

The article examines the problem of distinguishing the categories "idea of law" and "principles of law", emphasizes the inadmissibility of characterizing the principles of civil law as corresponding ideas, draws attention to their relationship and correlation. It is especially emphasized that in the process of transformation of ideas of law into principles of law, their differentiation takes place. At the same time, for the understanding of the essence of law, the number of the allocated principles is not of fundamental importance. It becomes fundamentally important to identify and study the essential characteristics of the ideas of civil law, the patterns of their development, as a deep level of knowledge of law. The ideas of law in the philosophical and legal literature are considered as a combination of three components: justice, expediency and legal stability. Attention is drawn to the difference in the functional role of the principles and ideas of law. At the same time, it is especially emphasized that a principle is not an arbitrary concept of thinking, but a category that reflects the lawful relations of reality. Emphasizing the direct connection between justice and law, the types of existing normative models of justice are noted. The legal form is organically inherent in justice. Justice presupposes the legal equality of the subjects of law.
ADMINISTRATIVE LIABILITY OF LEADER OF THE CONGREGATION
Authors: Grodze Laura
Published: January 2023

The subject of the article is administrative liability of leader of the congregation. The influence of the church on the affairs of the state has decreased, which means that society is becoming secular, one in which the churches separate from the state, but in any case, church exists but does not dominate over the state. So, the responsibility of the church leader must also be separated from religious affairs. The liability of the leader of the congregation should not be considered as religious movement specified in the statutes of the congregation, but as complying of the duties delegated by the state. The research aim is to analyse the duties of the leader of the congregation and the basis of administrative liability, define in which cases the normative regulation provides for administrative liability, offer solutions in the normative regulation where the type of liability is not specified. Propose amendments to the existing regulatory framework. The conclusions of the research work shows that if the administrative liability of the leader of the congregation for incomplete comply or failure of the duties delegated by the state is provided for in the normative regulation, then the existing polity is protected and the relations between the state and the church are more precisely regulated.
Vaccination and Laboratory Diagnosis of Equine Influenza in Portugal in Comparison with Other European Countries
Authors: Dionísio Luís , Medeiros Francisco , Pequito Manuel , Faustino-Rocha Ana
Published: January 2023

Equine Influenza (EI) is a disease caused by the genus A influenza virus, with a global distribution and under constant review. Equine Influenza is highly contagious and affects the respiratory tract. Vaccination in horses is an adequate prevention method, however some strains have the capacity to infect immunized horses, due to the mutagenic changes that the virus undergoes. This work aimed to study the Veterinary Medicine performance regarding Equine Influenza in Portugal in the years 2018 and 2019, and to compare the clinical practice in Portugal with that of other European countries. The study was based on the responses to a questionnaire consisting of nine questions on: 1) Geographical area of clinical practice; 2) Activity of equines assessed; 3) Number of suspected cases of Equine Influenza in the last two years; 4) Number of cases of Equine Influenza diagnosed with the support of laboratory tests in the last two years; 5) Number of vaccinations against Equine Influenza in the year 2018; 6) Number of vaccinations against Equine Influenza in the year 2019; 7) Whether the vaccination protocol used follows FEI/FEP standards; 8) Whether the vaccination protocol is annual or biannual; and 9) Use of laboratory tests for Equine Influenza in the last two years. The surveys were circulated online in Portugal and in Germany, France, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and Sweden for anonymous reply. In Portugal, 50 responses to the survey were obtained. Veterinarians reported suspected cases. Only four cases were confirmed using laboratory tests. 22 professionals applied more than 100 vaccines against Equine Influenza in the year 2018, and a decrease was observed in the year 2019. The Veterinarians did not reveal a preference for biannual or annual vaccination. Most professionals (94%) did not use laboratory tests to confirm the suspected infection. In Portugal it was possible to identify an opportunity to improve the clinical practice of Veterinarians in the use of laboratory tests for disease diagnosis and vaccination. The decree law that establishes the compulsorily notifiable diseases does not match the list of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) and therefore the General Directorate of Food and Veterinary (DGAV) does not have the data needed to properly notify the disease. Equine Influenza needs greater attention in Portugal and there are a number of measures that can be adopted to improve disease management in the country.
Lessons learned – lessons enacted? Opportunities for supply chain improvements coming out of the pandemic
Authors: Hoek Remko
Published: January 2023

The COVID19 pandemic triggered a flurry of research about pandemic risks in supply chains and how to navigate through and out of the pandemic. Because change in supply chains takes time this work is far from complete. This paper reflects upon opportunities for structural improvement in supply chains coming out of the pandemic. These include (1) the need to move away from over-reliance on unidimensional strategies and consider nearshoring and reshoring, (2) lean and just in time inventory management have not lost all of its value and the need to ensure multiple flexible sources, (3) disruption provides a step up, not a step away from sustainability. We reflect upon these opportunities and the risks of partial enactment of these opportunities in an effort to inspire progress in supply chain management research and practice.
COVID-19 Related Encephalopathy
Authors: Valdés José , Vivanco Fernando , Hernández Marianella , Galleguillos Lorna
Published: January 2023

SARS-CoV-2 infection can present with neurological symptoms due to direct or indirect invasion of the central nervous system. There are many hypotheses of why this happens, focusing on systemic inflammation, cytokines and cells, but none of them are completely understood. We present a case of a 66-year-old female that presented with a severe encephalopathy during her COVID-19 infection. We discuss physiopathology, risk factors, work up, possible treatments according to the physiopathological damage and prognosis according to the treatment response.
The Impact of Cultural Beliefs About Cervical Cancer Screening on Clinical Practice: A Qualitative Study of Asian Indian Women in Texas
Authors: Jillapalli Regina , Radhakrishnan Kavita , Walker Lorraine , Champion Jane , McGlone Matthew
Published: January 2023

Background: Asian Indians, primarily through immigration, are among the three fastest growing Asian minority populations in the United States. Sadly, Asian Indian Women did not meet the Health People 2020’s the 93% cervical cancer screening goal of 93%. Cervical cancer screening rates among Asian Indian Women were 70.5% compared to 82.7% among non-Hispanic Whites. A systematic review revealed the need for qualitative studies to explore influences of cultural beliefs on cervical cancer screening (pap smears) behaviors among Asian Indian Women applying symbolic interactionism theoretical framework. Purpose: To explore the influence of cultural beliefs on cervical cancer screening behaviors among Asian Indian Women. Method: A qualitative descriptive ethnographic design used descriptive ethosemantic semi-structured questions to investigate cultural impact on cervical cancer prevention behaviors among a purposive sample of 15 Asian Indian Women between the ages 21 to 49 years of age. Data analysis used inductive analytical methods. Findings: Five themes influenced cervical cancer screening: locus of control, concept of health, ‘no sex before marriage,’ awareness, and body image. A healthy internal locus of control, sense of being healthy, awareness, and positive body image supported cervical cancer screening behaviors. An external locus of control, belief that health is not a priority, “no sex before marriage,” and low body image were barriers to cervical cancer screening behaviors. Additionally, the concept of “no sex before marriage” influenced timing of the first pap smear. Notwithstanding their cultural beliefs, employment, health insurance, and recommendations from their providers had a positive impact on cervical cancer screening. Conclusion: Findings from this study have implications for both health policy and clinical practice. Health policy influences funding for basic screening and preventive services. Clinical practice implications encompass fostering partnerships within the community to promote prevention programs and cultural sensitivity training for providers. Future community-based participatory research should address interventional studies to increase compliance for cervical cancer screening and prevention behaviors among Asian Indian Women.
BURNOUT SYNDROME AMONG DOCTORS AND NURSES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN A UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL
Authors: Köseoğlu Toksoy Cansu , Zeytin Demiral Gökçe , Demirbaş Hayri , Acar Hakan , Türk Börü Ülkü
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVE: Burnout syndrome is an important problem among healthcare workers. During the Covid-19 pandemic, healthcare professionals have struggled with an unprecedented effort. The aim of this study is to investigate occupational burnout levels among healthcare professionals working at Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University during the Covid-19 pandemic.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was carried out at the Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University between February 1st and March 1st, 2021. G* power package software was used in the sample calculation. A questionnaire form consisting of 20 parameters on demographic data and work life was used. Maslach Burnout Inventory was used as the burnout scale.RESULTS: A total of 312 healthcare professionals participated in this study. 139 of the participants were men (44.6%) and 173 were women (55.4%). The mean age of the participants was 30.7± 7.28. 138 of the participants were doctors (44.2%) and 174 were nurses (55.8%). 110 of the participants were working in a covid ward or covid intensive care unit (ICU) (35.3%) and 202 were working in other departments (64.7%). The mean subscale scores were 19.21±7.28 for emotional exhaustion, 7.31±7.19 for depersonalization, and 20.05±3.88 for personal accomplishment. These results show that healthcare workers experience high levels of burnout according to the emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment subscales and moderate burnout according to the depersonalization subscale.CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study are very valuable for establishing future prevention protocols and educating healthcare professionals in the face of a pandemic. Based on our findings, we suggest closely monitoring risk groups that work directly with Covid-19 patients and providing psychological support when necessary. Also, making the necessary arrangements in working conditions is crucial to increase job satisfaction and reduce burnout in healthcare workers.
Benefits of Titling Indigenous Communities in the Peruvian Amazon: A Stated Preference Approach
Authors: Blackman Allen , Dissanayake Sahan , Martinez Cruz Adan , Corral Leonardo , Schling Maja
Published: January 2023

We conduct a discrete choice experiment with leaders of a random sample of 164 Peruvian indigenous communities (ICs) - to our knowledge, the first use of rigorous stated preference methods to analyze land titling. We find that: (i) on average, IC leaders are willing to pay US$35,000-45,000 for a title, roughly twice the per community administrative cost of titling; (ii) WTP is positively correlated with the value of IC land and the risk of land grabbing; and (iii) leaders prefer titling processes that involve indigenous representatives and titles that encompass land with cultural value.
Ovarian Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising from Mature Cystic Teratoma: A Case Report
Authors: Zaboli Ehsan , Heydari Shakiba , Alizadeh-Navaei Reza , Ghaffari Hamedani Seyed Mohammad Mehdi
Published: January 2023

Mature cystic teratoma of the ovary (MCTO) is the most common ovarian germ cell tumor. Its malignant transformation is a rare complication that occurs in almost 2% of the MCTs. MCTO is benign and usually appears between 30 and 40 years of age, but patients with malignant ovarian MCT are 10–15 years older than those with benign MCT. The most common malignant transformation in MCTO is Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) which is rarely diagnosed with pre-operative imaging. We report the case of a postmenopausal woman, presenting with severe abdominal pain and a large palpable mass in her abdomen. She was diagnosed postoperatively with SCC arising from MCTO which was confirmed histopathologically. The patient received postoperative chemotherapy and was well at 6-month follow-up after chemotherapy. MCTO is benign, but can rarely become malignant in older ages. So MCTO-arising SCC should be considered in elderly women with abdominal pain and mass, and also some other evident features such as large tumor diameter, elevated serum markers, and solid components in Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Unruptured Ventricular Septal Dissection Complicating Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Rashidinejad Alireza , Khalili Mahdi , Khorasani Shirin Habibi , Shahidzadeh Zahra
Published: January 2023

Interventricular septal dissection is a rare Complication of the interventricular septum. It may result from an aneurysm of the sinuses of Valsalva, bacterial endocarditis, trauma, cardiac surgery, Myocardial infarction, endomyocardial biopsy, or a congenital myocardial developmental anomaly. Postmyocardial infarction ventricular septal rupture (VSR) is a rare complication (1/1000), and ventricular septal dissection is an even less common complication with only five case reports previously described, But unruptured post Myocardial Infarction (MI) dissection is even rarer with only one reported study before. In this case report we describe an unruptured post-MI Interventricular septal dissection following anterior wall MI.
Cranial Nerve Palsy and Diplopia in Typhoid Fever: Case Report
Authors: Taslimi Reza , Bayat Taha , Pazook Behshad , Nabipoorashrafi Seyed Ali
Published: January 2023

Salmonella typhi is the cause of an acute febrile illness with high morbidity and mortality, especially in countries with poor sanitation. Neurological complications of salmonella are severe and usually under-diagnosed. This article reports an extremely rare case of a woman with typhoid fever with a history of travel and consumption of raw fish. She had no sign of meningitis but developed diplopia and sixth nerve palsy, which was ultimately resolved by antibiotic therapy.
Left Bundle Branch Pacing
Authors: Bozorgi Ali
Published: January 2023

The Article Abstract is not available.
Translation, Cultural Adaptation, Validation, and Reliability of Persian-Revised Heart Failure Compliance Questionnaire
Authors: Vakhshoori Mehrbod , Bondariyan Niloofar , Khanizadeh Farbod , Emami Sayed Ali , Azish Sima , Rabbanipour Najmeh , Shafie Davood
Published: January 2023

Background: Compliance with health-related behaviors is a dilemma among heart failure (HF) patients. The present study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of a Persian translation of the revised heart failure compliance questionnaire (RHFCQ) in Iranian HF sufferers.
Methods: This methodological study was performed on outpatient HF individuals referred to a heart clinic in Isfahan, Iran. The forward-backward translation method was used for translation. Twenty subjects were invited to express their opinions on the provided items concerning simplicity and understandability. Twelve experts were invited to rate the items regarding the content validity index (CVI). Cronbach’s α was used to evaluate internal consistency. The patients were asked to complete the questionnaire for the second time after 2 weeks to investigate test-retest reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).
Results: There were no obvious difficulties during the translation and assessment of the simplicity and comprehensiveness of the questionnaire items. The CVI of the items ranged from 0.833 to 1.000. Totally, 150 patients (age: 64.60±15.00 y, males: 58.0%) filled in the questionnaire twice with no missing data. The highest and lowest compliance rates were attributed to alcohol and exercise domains, respectively (83.00±7.70% and 45.55±12.00%, respectively). Cronbach’s α was 0.629. After the omission of 3 items related to smoking and alcohol cessation, Cronbach’s α rose to 0.655. The ICC showed an acceptable value of 0.576 (95% CI, 0.462 to 0.673).
Conclusion: The modified Persian RHFCQ is a simple and meaningful tool with acceptable moderate reliability and good validity for assessing compliance in Iranian HF patients.
Long-Term Prognosis in Patients with Coronary Slow Flow
Authors: Mikaeilvand Amir , Hajizadeh Reza , Bateni Amin , Yahyapour Zhivar
Published: January 2023

Background: Coronary slow flow (CSF) is defined as decreased coronary blood circulation velocity and delayed opacification of contrast media during angiography. Evidence is insufficient regarding the course and prognosis of CSF patients. Long-term follow-up can help better understand the physiopathology and outcome of CSF. Accordingly, we assessed the long-term outcomes of CSF patients in this study.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study was carried out on 213 CSF patients consecutively admitted to a tertiary health care center from April 2012 through March 2021. After data collection from the patients’ files, follow-up was done via telephone call invitations and assessments of existing data in the outpatient cardiology clinic. The comparative analysis was conducted using a logistic regression test.
Results: The mean follow-up length was 66.26±15.32 months, 105 patients (52.2%) were male, and the mean age of the patients was 53.81±11.91 years. The left anterior descending was the main affected artery (42.8%). At long-term follow-up, 19 patients (9.5%) required repeated angiography. Three patients (1.5%) had a myocardial infarction and 5 (2.5%) died from cardiovascular etiologies. Three patients (1.5%) underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. No patient required coronary artery bypass grafting. The need for a second angiography had no association with sex, symptoms, and echocardiographic findings.
Conclusion: The long-term outcome of CSF patients is good, but their follow-up is necessary for the early diagnosis of cardiovascular-related adverse events.
The Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Clinical Outcomes after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Different Stent Sizes
Authors: Zibaeenezhad Mohammad Javad , Sayadi Mehrab , Mohammadi Seyyed Saeed , Khorshidi Soorena , Hadiyan Ehsan , Rasouli Neda , Karimi-Akhormeh Ali , Razeghian-Jahromi Iman
Published: January 2023

Background: This study aimed to investigate the possible relationship between different stent sizes and clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with diabetes treated with drug-eluting stents (DESs) and dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT).
Methods: Patients with stable coronary artery disease undergoing elective PCI with the DES were entered into a retrospective cohort between 2003 and 2019. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE), defined as the combined endpoint of revascularization, myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death, were recorded. The participants were categorized according to the stent size: 27 mm for length and 3 mm for diameter. DAPT (aspirin and clopidogrel) was used for at least 2 years for diabetics and 1 year for nondiabetics. The median duration of follow-up was 74.7 months.
Results: Out of 1630 participants, 29.0% had diabetes. The diabetics constituted 37.8% of those with MACE. The mean diameter of the stents in the diabetics and nondiabetics was 2.81±0.29 mm and 2.90±0.35 mm, respectively (P>0.05). The mean stent length was 19.48±7.58 mm and 18.92±6.64 mm in the diabetics and nondiabetics, respectively (P>0.05). After adjustments for confounding variables, MACE was not significantly different between the patients with and without diabetes. Although MACE incidence was not affected by stent dimensions in the patients with diabetes, the nondiabetic patients implanted with a stent length exceeding 27 mm experienced MACE less frequently. 
Conclusion: Diabetes did not influence MACE in our population. Additionally, stents of different sizes were not associated with MACE in patients with diabetes. We propose that using the DES supplemented by long-term DAPT and tight control of glycemic status after PCI could decrease the adverse consequences of diabetes.
The Relationship between Health Literacy and Hypertension Control: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sohrabi Masoumeh , Karami Manoochehr , Mirmoeini Razieh Sadat , Cheraghi Zahra
Published: January 2023

Background: Uncontrolled hypertension is a major public health problem among patients in developed and developing countries. The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and causes of uncontrolled hypertension to facilitate the design of more effective methods of hypertension control.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 303 adults with hypertension. The Standard Health Literacy Questionnaire was used to collect data. Uncontrolled hypertension was ascertained based on the WHO definition. A multiple logistic regression model was used at a 95% confidence level. Variables considered were confounders including age, sex, marital status, family size, income (monthly mean), smoking (past or current), education level, and physical activity (times in a week).
Results: The mean (SD) age of the participants (n=303) was 59.3(12.7) years, and 57.4% were men. The prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension was 50.5%. The mean score of health literacy among patients with controlled hypertension was higher than that among patients with uncontrolled hypertension (64.83±23.72 vs 46.28±22.19; P<0.001). The odds of uncontrolled hypertension decreased by 3% in the patients (OR: 0.97; P=0.06). Adherence to treatment (OR: 0.13; P<0.001), salt consumption per package purchased per month (OR: 4.40; P=0.001), increased physical activity per hour per week (OR: 0.56; P<0.001), current or passive cigarette smoking (OR: 4.59; P=0.010), a positive history of chronic diseases (OR: 2.62; P=0.027), and increased family size (per 1 child) (OR: 0.57; P<0.001) were associated with uncontrolled hypertension.  
Conclusion: The results showed a borderline association between increased health literacy and hypertension control. Additionally, increased salt consumption, reduced physical activity, small family size, and underlying diseases (eg, diabetes, chronic heart disease, and renal disease) could increase the odds of uncontrolled hypertension in Iranian society.
LANGUAGE AMBIGUITY IN EFL LEARNERS’ NARRATIVE TEXTS: A SEMANTIC DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
Authors: Williyan Aldha
Published: January 2023

This qualitative study investigates the ambiguity in five EFL learners’ narrative texts. This study reveals that the narrative texts contain lexical and syntactic ambiguities. Lexical ambiguity can happen because of polysemy and homonymy. In terms of syntactic ambiguity, ambiguous languages occur in the surface and deep structure of the sentences for various reasons, such as coordinator, gerund, and adjectives followed by an infinitive. Luckily, the lexical and syntactic ambiguities do not give the readers much trouble comprehending the texts if the context is clear. The context, particularly the preceding and following sentences, helps the readers understand the text. Sentences with ambiguous words or ambiguous structures can be clearly delivered as long as the writers are able to provide a clear context. Additionally, the writers in this present study tend to intentionally use ambiguous words in their sentences in order to use the words metaphorically and to tell the story in a more artistic way since the purpose of the narrative text is to entertain the readers.
Análise do Comportamento e Socioeducação: Contribuições para a atuação com adolescentes em conflito com a lei
Authors: Luiz Fernanda Bordignon , Parapinski Renata Teixeira
Published: January 2023

Apesar de avanços sociais importantes no Brasil em termos de legislação e políticas públicas relativas à população jovem, crianças e adolescentes ainda são privados de direitos básicos. Assim, o envolvimento com a criminalidade se torna uma alternativa, aumentando ainda mais a situação de vulnerabilidade dessa população. Aos adolescentes em conflito com a lei são aplicadas medidas socioeducativas, a fim de promover a ressocialização e garantia de direitos. É objetivo deste estudo caracterizar possibilidades de atuação da Psicologia com jovens em conflito com a lei, com base em conceitos e princípios orientadores da Análise do Comportamento. Alguns conceitos podem orientar a prática profissional, dentre eles a dife­renciação entre queixa e necessidade social, na qual identifica-se comportamentos relevantes a serem desenvolvidos na população. Além disso, a noção de comportamento, que envolve caracterizar a interação do indivíduo com o meio. Outro conceito é a distinção entre proposi­ção de comportamentos-objetivo, que é orientador da intervenção e atividades que são meio para desenvolver tal objetivo. A clareza acerca dos princípios da AC para atuação profissional contribui para que as intervenções com os adolescentes desenvolvam comportamentos rele­vantes e auxiliem a interagir de forma mais benéfica com o meio.
Iustitia and Corruptio in Liber Constitutionum sive Lex Gundobada
Authors: Valentinova Dorothea
Published: January 2023

After 476, Flavius Gundobadus, King of the Burgundians (473–516), sought ways and means to consolidate and strengthen his power, including through legal regulation of the relations between the Burgundians themselves, on the one hand, and between the Burgundians and the Gallo-Romans, on the other. Thus, Liber Constitutionum sive Lex Gundobada was issued, the main purpose of which is the legal regulation of the complex relations in the kingdom, through a codification of the preserved customary law – an embodiment of tribal traditions, practices, and customs, with reasonable use of Roman legal ideas, notions, and norms. The translation and analysis of selected provisions from Lex Gundobada in this paper show the extent to which the Burgundians perceived, received, adopted, and adapted some of the most valuable Roman legal and moral rules and principles, especially the Roman concepts of iustitia and corruptio, and how the rights of both the Burgundians and the Romans were regulated and protected through them. Lex Burgundionum is part of a series of legal Barbarian codes, compiled, adapted, published, and applied in the Barbarian regna between the 5th and 9th centuries. These codes are one of the significant and true sources for the historical reconstruction of the socio-political, socio-cultural, and legal-administrative transition from the late Roman Empire to the German kingdoms and early medieval Europe. They manifest how historically the arena of clashes, confrontations, and wars between Romanitas and Barbaritas gradually became a contact zone of legal reception, of cultural, legal, and socio-political influences, from which a new world will be born, a successor to the old ones, and a new legal system – the Romano-Germanic one.
Disease, Healing and Medical Knowledge in an Old Bulgarian Collection of Miracle Stories
Authors: Hristov Yanko M. , Kostadinova Dafina
Published: January 2023

The Old Bulgarian hagiographical collection of miracle stories, named A Tale of the Iron Cross, is relatively well known among the scholars, but a sufficient number of its details still has not been studied properly. In fact, such a peculiarity seems somehow strange, especially if we take into consideration that the mixture of translated and original strata in the present Tale’s version does not hinder its significance as a valuable primary source of historical information. There can be no doubt that the religious aspect in the hagiographical collection in question is the leading one in the foreground. On the other hand, however, the records of the daily life activities should not be underestimated either. Their presence within the frames of the Tale helps a lot in the scholars’ attempts to reconstruct the knowledge, skills, habits or principles of social behaviour in the Bulgarian society in the late 9th – early 10th century.