bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Ecological Footprint Model in National Nature Reserve Based on Net Primary Production (NPP)
Authors: Liu Xiaoman , Fu Jingying , Jiang Dong , Luo Jianwu , Sun Chenxi , Liu Huiming , Wen Ruihong , Wang Xuefeng
Published: December 2018

An increasing number of nature reserves are being invaded by various development and construction activities, such as energy, resources, and transportation facilities. The ecological footprint model, which enables a quantitative assessment of ecological sustainability, can assess whether human consumption at various spatial scales falls within the regenerative capacity of the biosphere. Based on the traditional ecological footprint evaluation model: the Global Agro-Ecological Zone (EF-GAEZ model), this study proposes an improved ecological footprint model based on net primary productivity (EF-NPP model) and its validations. In this study, the status of ecological footprints and the ecological carrying capacities of 319 national nature reserves in 2010 is explored, and the changes in ecological surpluses and ecological deficits from 2000 to 2010 are analyzed. The ecological footprint per capita and the ecological carrying capacity per capita calculated by the two models were mostly consistently at the same level (more than 68%), which indicated that the ecological footprint per capita and the ecological carrying capacity per capita of the two models followed the same rule. The EF-NPP model can reflect the change in the global climate, the degradation of the soil, and the progress of the technology.
Perspective of Business Models and Innovation for Sustainability Transition in Hospitals
Authors: Lopes Catia Milena , Scavarda Annibal José , Vaccaro Guilherme Luís Roehe , Pohlmann Christopher Rosa , Korzenowski André Luis
Published: December 2018

Hospitals have valuable resources but are have facedsignificant changes over recentdecades. The adoption of principles that drive the strategic development of business models as innovation is imperative in these institutions. This research study aims to articulate a conceptual review of business models, innovation, and sustainability transition in the context of health business. It proposes a model for future applications in hospitals. This proposed model emphasizes the relations that arise under the multiple-level perspective. It also addresses the evolution of the concepts of business models and innovation that might contribute to the sustainability transition movement once new sociotechnical systems get space in these organizations. The main results of this conceptual review are the multiple depictions of internal and external elements that mutually interact to describe the dynamics of transitions. In the landscape level, elements such as ecological modernization and corporate social responsibility interact with elements of the regime level—legal, technological, and efficiency aspects—and with the niche’s aspects, represented by transitions from low to high quality and efficiency in services. This proposed model is justified by the lack of studies that address the sustainability transition models in hospitals and by its potential of adaption to particular contexts.
Does Sustainability Affect Real Estate Market Values? Empirical Evidence from the Office Buildings Market in Milan (Italy)
Authors: Mangialardo Alessia , Micelli Ezio , Saccani Federica
Published: December 2018

The construction industry is the world’s largest consumer of energy and producer of greenhouse gases. For this reason, there is a broad debate on how to make the built environment more sustainable. Although the positive externalities of energy-efficient retrofitting and new construction are known, the economic effects that green building has on the real estate sector in Italy are less evident. The aim of this paper is to analyze the Italian real estate market to investigate if, and to what extent, demand appreciates the supply of green real estate assets. The research focused on the analysis of 55 development projects of office buildings (with and without environmental certification) located in Milan, at present the most dynamic and flourishing real estate market in Italy. Through these case studies the authors investigated the premium price that is generated in certified real estate development projects. The results highlight a premium price, especially for high levels of sustainability. Similarly, the rate of absorption of certified assets reflects a preference for green properties, which are absorbed by the real estate market in less than half of the time foreseen for real estate without an environmental certification.
Impact of Urban Surface Characteristics and Socio-Economic Variables on the Spatial Variation of Land Surface Temperature in Lagos City, Nigeria
Authors: Dissanayake DMSLB , Morimoto Takehiro , Murayama Yuji , Ranagalage Manjula , Handayani Hepi H.
Published: December 2018

The urban heat island (UHI) and its consequences have become a key research focus of various disciplines because of its negative externalities on urban ecology and the total livability of cities. Identifying spatial variation of the land surface temperature (LST) provides a clear picture to understand the UHI phenomenon, and it will help to introduce appropriate mitigation technique to address the advanced impact of UHI. Hence, the aim of the research is to examine the spatial variation of LST concerning the UHI phenomenon in rapidly urbanizing Lagos City. Four variables were examined to identify the impact of urban surface characteristics and socio-economic activities on LST. The gradient analysis was employed to assess the distribution outline of LST from the city center point to rural areas over the vegetation and built-up areas. Partial least square (PLS) regression analysis was used to assess the correlation and statistically significance of the variables. Landsat data captured in 2002 and 2013 were used as primary data sources and other gridded data, such as PD and FFCOE, were employed. The results of the analyses show that the distribution pattern of the LST in 2002 and 2013 has changed over the study period as results of changing urban surface characteristics (USC) and the influence of socio-economic activities. LST has a strong positive relationship with NDBI and a strong negative relationship with NDVI. The rapid development of Lagos City has been directly affected by conversion more green areas to build up areas over the time, and it has resulted in formulating more surface urban heat island (SUHI). Further, the increasing population and their socio-economic activities including industrialization and infrastructure development have also caused a significant impact on LST changes. We recommend that the results of this research be used as a proxy tool to introduce appropriate landscape and town planning in a sustainable viewpoint to make healthier and livable urban environments in Lagos City, Nigeria.
Eco-System Services in Agrarian Value Chains: Value Detection of Bio-Diversity as Public Good Provision, Problems, and Institutional Issues
Authors: Nuppenau Ernst-August
Published: December 2018

Valuation of nature (biodiversity: BD) and in particular ecosystem services (ESS) are important prerequisites for the design of cultural landscapes as well as in agricultural policy and the generation of BD as public interest. Designs should be built on valuation and valuation is usually seen as market assignment of prices. Yet, there is a problem with market failure. BD and ESS can be characterized as public goods, both being non-rival and non-exclusive, thus demanding public provision. Largely due to public pressure, nature provision and planning has received increased attention. Especially as a means to create values i.e. in conservation projects and specifically to add value and income to farmers’ value chains. Governments seek to promote BD and landscape provision by farmers, but money is scarce. Planners frequently do not know what the public wants and contingent valuation results are often regarded as insufficient because of missing vehicles of payment. There is scope for a more workable coordination process (institutional innovation) between interests in nature provision projects (being oriented at BD and corresponding ESS) and willingness to pay WTP (for foods related to nature). It is the objective to show that value chains of food products which are strongly related to nature and landscapes are a venue to go under multi-functionality for BD. The issue addressed is to offer a BD which creates WTP in value chains and serves as source of finance for BD provision. Hereby, the public is represented by an ecological management. We will primarily provide an analytical framework which merges public good provision theory with farm behavior modelling as well as draws on modeling of bargaining as solutions from social power theory. Provision is set by valuing through BD management and foods contain ESS by which the value chain improves at private good markets. Food is marketed through a special value chain and consumers help to finance public management of ESS. We distinguish the process of public preference formation from those of individual formation and can reckon a concept of social power. 1. An introduction to preference detection highlights the need for a public approach. 2. Interest group preferences are modeled. 3. A manager will be entitled to charge fees to beneficiaries and guarantee compensations. 4. Bargaining for BD indicating ESS is outlined.
Different Outcomes of Experimental Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Diverse Mouse Strains, Wistar Rats, and Rabbits
Authors: Schlosser Josephine , Dähnert Lisa , Dremsek Paul , Tauscher Kerstin , Fast Christine , Ziegler Ute , Gröner Albrecht , Ulrich Rainer G , Groschup Martin H , Eiden Martin
Published: December 2018

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the causative agent of acute hepatitis E in humans in developing countries, but autochthonous cases of zoonotic genotype 3 (HEV-3) infection also occur in industrialized countries. In contrast to swine, rats, and rabbits, natural HEV infections in mice have not yet been demonstrated. The pig represents a well-established large animal model for HEV-3 infection, but a suitable small animal model mimicking natural HEV-3 infection is currently missing. Therefore, we experimentally inoculated C57BL/6 mice (wild-type, IFNAR−/−, CD4−/−, CD8−/−) and BALB/c nude (nu/nu) mice, Wistar rats, and European rabbits with a wild boar-derived HEV-3 strain and monitored virus replication and shedding, as well as humoral immune responses. HEV RNA and anti-HEV antibodies were detected in one and two out of eight of the rats and all rabbits inoculated, respectively, but not in any of the mouse strains tested. Remarkably, immunosuppressive dexamethasone treatment of rats did not enhance their susceptibility to HEV infection. In rabbits, immunization with recombinant HEV-3 and ratHEV capsid proteins induced protection against HEV-3 challenge. In conclusion, the rabbit model for HEV-3 infection may serve as a suitable alternative to the non-human primate and swine models, and as an appropriate basis for vaccine evaluation studies.
Subversion of the Heme Oxygenase-1 Antiviral Activity by Zika Virus
Authors: El Kalamouni Chaker , Frumence Etienne , Bos Sandra , Turpin Jonathan , Nativel Brice , Harrabi Wissal , Wilkinson David A. , Meilhac Olivier , Gadea Gilles , Desprès Philippe , Krejbich-Trotot Pascale , Viranaïcken Wildriss
Published: December 2018

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a rate-limiting enzyme involved in the degradation of heme, is induced in response to a wide range of stress conditions. HO-1 exerts antiviral activity against a broad range of viruses, including the Hepatitis C virus, the human immunodeficiency virus, and the dengue virus by inhibiting viral growth. It has been reported that HO-1 displays antiviral activity against the Zika virus (ZIKV) but the mechanisms of viral inhibition remain largely unknown. Using a ZIKV RNA replicon with the Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) as a reporter protein, we were able to show that HO-1 expression resulted in the inhibition of viral RNA replication. Conversely, we observed a decrease in HO-1 expression in cells replicating the ZIKV RNA replicon. The study of human cells infected with ZIKV showed that the HO-1 expression level was significantly lower once viral replication was established, thereby limiting the antiviral effect of HO-1. Our work highlights the capacity of ZIKV to thwart the anti-replicative activity of HO-1 in human cells. Therefore, the modulation of HO-1 as a novel therapeutic strategy against ZIKV infection may display limited effect.
THE LITHUANIAN REAL ESTATE TAXATION SYSTEM IN THE CONTEXT OF ALIEN COUNTRIES
Authors: Maliene Vida , Cibulskiene Daiva , Gurskiene Virginija
Published: December 2018

The article aims at investigating the Lithuanian real estate taxation system in the context of the taxation system of the United States of America and European countries. The article dwells on the current situation in Lithuania; it introduces the advantages and drawbacks of the system and produces a comparative analysis as against alien countries. Proposals for the refinement of the Lithuanian real estate taxation system are presented on the grounds of the analysis results and alien experience. The article considers real estate tax base, analyses currently actualized tax reforms, and describes the impact of the changes on the real estate market. A number of principal features of real estate tax system commonly intrinsic to all considered countries, such as form of payment, basis of valuation, tax exemption, appeals, tax deductions, are discussed in the article.

Analizuojama dabartine bei planuojama priimti nauja nekilnojamojo turto apmokestinimo sistema Lietuvoje, aiškinami naujai siūlomos sistemos privalumai ir trūkumai, atliekama JAV ir Europos šaliu lyginamoji analize. Remiantis gautais analizes rezultatais bei užsienio patirtimi, pateikiami siūlymai Lietuvos nekilnojamojo turto apmokestinimo sistemai tobulinti. Analizuojama nekilnojamojo turto mokesčiu baze, nagrinejamos šiuo metu Igyvendinamos mokesčiu reformos, vertinamas pasikeitimu poveikis nekilnojamojo turto rinkai. Pateikiama keletas pagrindiniu bendru visoms nagrinejamoms šalims nekilnojamojo turto mokesčiu sistemos aspektu ‐ mokejimo pobūdis, vertinimo apmokestinimo tikslais pagrindas, atleidimas nuo mokesčiu, apskundimo galimybes, lengvatos.
A PROACTIVE PROPERTY MANAGEMENT MODEL THAT INTEGRATES REAL ESTATE PROVISION AND FACILITIES SERVICES MANAGEMENT
Authors: Then Danny Shiem-Shin
Published: December 2018

The creation of suitable workplace environment to support employees in performing their tasks is becoming a key issue for many organisations faced with constant change. Numerous workplace strategies have evolved in recent years to provide for convenience and flexibility, as well as functionality and privacy. Problems usually arise at the implementation stage where organisation culture and practices often run counter to the need for innovation strategies.

This paper contents that the creation of enabling workplace requires a proactive property management model that integrate real estate provision and facilities services management. The value contribution of real estate assets can only be optimised when the property/facilities professional takes on the responsibility of continuously providing appropriate facility solutions to business challenges. An essential prerequisite is the role of property/facilities management as the custodian and enabler of the corporate workplace environment. The focus of the research was to provide a business perspective to the role of real estate assets(property) in supporting the fulfilment of corporate business plans. Based a comprehensive survey of published literature and a series of in‐depth interviews of corporate real estate/property/facilities managers, an integrating resources management framework was developed to model the nature of interactions between strategic business planning and facility operations in an organisational setting.
AGEING CHALLENGES IN THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR
Authors: Koukkari Heli , Sarvakanta Leena
Published: December 2018

Ageing population and ageing infrastructure are two significant socioeconomic challenges, and business opportunities, for the construction sector in Europe. Utilisation of ICT in daily living is one of the future technology drivers. The principles of the Design for All (universal design) help to develop the built environment and its technologies in such a way that cities will be pleasant and supportive places for everybody. This paper considers the potential of new types of services and networking, which are very much under development at the moment and also under lively debate. The cost‐effectiveness ‐ and so the availability - of the home delivered services will be dependent on the accessibility of the urban areas.
Late Bloomer Galaxies: Growing Up in Cosmic Autumn
Authors: Dressler Alan , Kelson Daniel D. , E. Abramson Louis
Published: December 2018

Late bloomers (LBs) are massive (

) galaxies at z < 1 that formed the majority of their stars within ∼2 Gyr of the epoch of observation. Our improved methodology for deriving star formation histories (SFHs) of galaxies at redshifts 0.45 < z < 0.75 from the Carnegie-Spitzer-IMACS Survey includes confidence intervals that robustly distinguish LBs from “old” galaxies. We use simulated SFHs to test for “false positives” and contamination from old galaxies to demonstrate that the late-bloomer population is not an artifact of our template modeling technique. We show that LBs account for ∼20% of z ∼ 0.6 galaxies with masses of the modern Milky Way, with a moderate dependence on mass. We take advantage of a 1% overlap of our sample with HST (CANDELS) imaging to construct a “gold standard” catalog of 74 galaxies with high-confidence SFHs, SEDs, basic data, and HST images to facilitate comparison with future studies by others. This small subset suggests that galaxies with both old and young SFHs cover the full range of morphology and environment (excluding rich groups or clusters), albeit with a mild but suggestive correlation with the local environment. We begin the investigation of whether LBs of sufficient mass and frequency are produced in current-generation ΛCDM-based semianalytic models of galaxy formation. In terms of halo growth, we find a late-assembling halo fraction within a factor of two of our late bloomer fraction. However, sufficiently delaying star formation in such halos may be a challenge for the baryon component of such models.
Subaru High-z Exploration of Low-luminosity Quasars (SHELLQs). V. Quasar Luminosity Function and Contribution to Cosmic Reionization at z = 6
Authors: Matsuoka Yoshiki , Strauss Michael A. , Kashikawa Nobunari , Onoue Masafusa , Iwasawa Kazushi , Tang Ji-Jia , Lee Chien-Hsiu , Imanishi Masatoshi , Nagao Tohru , Akiyama Masayuki , Asami Naoko , Bosch James , Furusawa Hisanori , Goto Tomotsugu , Gunn James E. , Harikane Yuichi , Ikeda Hiroyuki , Izumi Takuma , Kawaguchi Toshihiro , Kato Nanako , Kikuta Satoshi , Kohno Kotaro , Komiyama Yutaka , Lupton Robert H. , Minezaki Takeo , Miyazaki Satoshi , Murayama Hitoshi , Niida Mana , Nishizawa Atsushi J. , Noboriguchi Akatoki , Oguri Masamune , Ono Yoshiaki , Ouchi Masami , Price Paul A. , Sameshima Hiroaki , Schulze Andreas , Shirakata Hikari , Silverman John D. , Sugiyama Naoshi , Tait Philip J. , Takada Masahiro , Takata Tadafumi , Tanaka Masayuki , Toba Yoshiki , Utsumi Yousuke , Wang Shiang-Yu , Yamashita Takuji
Published: December 2018

We present new measurements of the quasar luminosity function (LF) at z ∼ 6 over an unprecedentedly wide range of the rest-frame ultraviolet luminosity M
1450 from −30 to −22 mag. This is the fifth in a series of publications from the Subaru High-z Exploration of Low-Luminosity Quasars (SHELLQs) project, which exploits the deep multiband imaging data produced by the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program survey. The LF was calculated with a complete sample of 110 quasars at 5.7 ≤ z ≤ 6.5, which includes 48 SHELLQs quasars discovered over 650 deg2 and 63 brighter quasars discovered by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Canada–France–Hawaii Quasar Survey (including one overlapping object). This is the largest sample of z ∼ 6 quasars with a well-defined selection function constructed to date, which has allowed us to detect significant flattening of the LF at its faint end. A double power-law function fit to the sample yields a faint-end slope

, a bright-end slope

, a break magnitude

, and a characteristic space density

Gpc−3 mag−1. Integrating this best-fit model over the range −18 < M
1450 < −30 mag, quasars emit ionizing photons at the rate of

s−1 Mpc−3 at z = 6.0. This is less than 10% of the critical rate necessary to keep the intergalactic medium ionized, which indicates that quasars are not a major contributor to cosmic reionization.
Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing Cutting Guides for Odontectomy of Deeply Impacted Mandibular Third Molars
Authors: Ahmed Mamdouhh , Salah Mariam Kamel , Khairy Nesrine
Published: December 2018

AIM: To evaluate a new technique for surgical removal of deeply impacted mandibular third molars (DIMTM), using computer-guided cutting guide to maintain inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) integrity and the covering buccal bone.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighteen cases indicated for removal of DIMTM. Cone-beam Computed Tomography (CBCTs) used to determine the tooth’s relation to the IAN. Computer-guided software used for fabrication of surgical cutting guide stent to expose the impacted tooth and repositioning of bone after odontectomy without fixation. Clinical assessment included a neurosensory deficit of IAN, pain using a visual analogue scale (VAS), facial swelling, and maximal mouth opening (MMO). CBCTs were taken immediately and six months postoperatively to evaluate position and healing of bone.
RESULTS: None of the patients showed a permanent neurological deficit of IAN while all patients showed normal parameters of pain, facial swelling and MMO.
CONCLUSION: this technique has shown the accurate determination of the bony window cuts with subsequent preservation of IAN and external oblique ridge.
Impact of Lower-Limb Endurance Training on Dyspnea and Lung Functions in Patients with COPD
Authors: Tarigan Amira Permatasari , Pandia Pandiaman , Mutiara Erna , Pradana Andika , Rhinsilva Ella , Efriyandi Efriyandi
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exhibit persistent dyspnea in daily activities and irreversible airflow obstruction. These will finally lead to an inability to carry on daily activities and markedly decrease their quality of life. Endurance training was considered as therapy modality to alleviate several symptoms experienced by COPD patients.
AIM: This study aims to identify the impact of lower-limb exercise on dyspnea and spirometry test results in COPD patients.
METHODS: We performed a quasi-experimental study in July 2017 on 20 stable COPD patients divided both in group C and D according to GOLD 2017 criteria. Patients were given an individualised dose of stationary cycling twice a week for one month in which every session lasted 5-20 minutes gradually. Before and after rehabilitation program, pulmonary function tests were measured by spirometry to obtain per cent predicted of Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1), Forced Volume Capacity (FVC), Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) and Forced Expiratory Flow at 25-75% of the pulmonary volume (FEF25-75), and dyspnea was measured by the mMRC index. Statistical analysis was performed by Wilcoxon and T-dependent test.
RESULTS: Baseline value of FVC (49.6 ± 21.6%) increased significantly to 59.65 ± 16.53% after one month of endurance training program (p = 0.01). Surprisingly, there was also a significant increase in FEV1 value from 46.9 ± 21.7 to 52.9 ± 20.7% (p < 0.005). The increase of FVC and FEV1 in group C was slightly higher than in group D although not statistically significant (p = 0.29; p = 0.25 respectively). However, no difference was observed in PEF and FEF25-75 value (p > 0.05). Patients’ dyspnea scale also showed significant improvement (p < 0.001) from mMRC median scale 2 (range 1-3) to 1 (range 0-2) in both groups C and D. There was no exacerbation found during rehabilitation program.
CONCLUSION: Twice a week lower-limb endurance training for one-month improved dyspnea and pulmonary function test results in COPD patients safely and effectively.
The Role of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Evaluating the Rate of Brain Metabolic Variations in Chemical Veterans with Respiratory Problem In Comparison To Control Group
Authors: Mahdawy Seyyed Arash , Shekarchi Babak , Zaman Mahshid
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND:  During the eight years of the imposed war, Iraq used various chemical agents such as sulfur mustard and nerve agents (mainly tabun and sometimes soman) on Iran's soldiers. Using information obtained from specialist sequences and analysing information obtained from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) sequence and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) provides valuable information on continuation of treatment and identifying functional disorders.
AIM: The objective of this research was to evaluate the rate of metabolic variations in chemically injured veterans based on chemical neuromarkers using the chemical sequence MRS, which would help patients and physicians in terms of time, economics, and selection of appropriate therapeutic methods, so if the can physician can get complete information about the metabolic properties of the brain through paraclinical (especially MRI) tools before treatment, he might change his treatment program to reduce the complications caused by it.
METHODOLOGY: In this research, 40 chemically injured veterans with brain dysfunction admitted to the screening centre for MRI with specialized MRS sequence participated. Accordingly, we examined the rate of brain metabolic variations about the level of neuromarkers and evaluated the relationship between the level of neuromarkers and brain damages.
RESULTS: The results of this research revealed that while the demographic characteristics such as age of the two groups of chemically injured veterans and control was similar, only the median of the NAA/Cr (N-acetylaspartate to creatine ratio) ratio in PONS of chemically injured patients was significantly lower than that of the control group, and this ratio was similar in other parts of the brain in two groups. The results also showed that the ratio of NAA to total choline and Cr was similar in all parts of the brain in two groups.
CONCLUSION: Based on the research results, using the MR (Magnetic Resonance) spectroscopy device and determination of the value and ratio of markers such as creatinine and N-acetylaspartate and choline, the brain injuries of chemically injured veterans can be examined. By conducting further studies and larger sample size, the brain damages in veterans can be diagnosed early, which would be a great contribution in their treatment.
Adverse Reactions to Intravenous Immunoglobulins - Our Experience
Authors: Kareva Lidija , Mironska Kristina , Stavric Katerina , Hasani Arjeta
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND: Adverse reactions to intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) are divided by organ system involved, or by timing of onset–immediate which occur during infusion usually rate-related, true IgE-mediated anaphylaxis and delayed reaction which occur hours to days after the infusion.
AIM: To describe the adverse events of patients given IVIG infusions.
METHODS: Total number of patients receiving IVIG was 41 with 25 males (60.97%) and 16 females (39.02%), age 2 months-35 years. A total number of infusions was 1350.
RESULTS: Total number of adverse reactions 15, 14 patients with immediate-type and 1 with delayed type. Total percentage of adverse reactions in a given sample was 1.1% of all IVIG infusions. Fever was the most common immediate type of reaction occurring in 11 patients (78.57%) followed by acrocyanosis 10 patients (71.42%), skin rash 9 patients (64.28%) and headache 8 patients (57.14). Delayed-type of reactions (like fever, headache and vomiting) was present in one patient. Majority of the adverse effects occurred at the infusion rate higher than 1, 5 ml/kg/hour, which is still within recommended speed.
CONCLUSION: About 1.1% of IVG infusions where with adverse events. Most common manifestations where: fever, acrocyanosis, skin rash and headache, which occurred 1-6 hours from the beginning of the infusion. The occurrence of adverse reactions to IVIG was related to the infusion rates in a fashion that faster infusion rate gives more reactions. Adverse reactions were managed by reduction of the infusion rate and administration of medications such as paracetamol, antihistamines and steroids.
Applying the Taguchi Method to the Optimization of Anticancer Activity of Bacterial Alginate-CuO Bionanocomposite
Authors: Golshah Amin , Taran Mojtaba , Safaei Mohsen , Mozaffari Hamid Reza , Imani Mohammad Moslem , Sharifi Roohollah , Moradpoor Hedaiat , Upadhyay Prabhat
Published: December 2018

AIM: In recent decades, despite various types of cancer inflicting many people worldwide, the existing therapies are not satisfactory and have many side effects. The present study was conducted to optimise the synthesis of novel alginate-CuO nanocomposite with utmost anticancer activity.
METHODS: In this study, 9 nanocomposites were designed using Taguchi method and three factors including copper oxide nanoparticles, alginate biopolymer and stirring times were assessed at three different levels. The anticancer activity of the synthesised nanocomposites was evaluated on the MCF-7 cell line using the MTT method. Using the Qulitek-4 software, we determined the optimum conditions for the synthesis of alginate-CuO nanocomposite with the highest anticancer activity.
RESULTS: The results indicated that all three factors (copper oxide, alginate and stirring time) were effective on the anticancer activity of the alginate-CuO nanocomposite. Also, the nanocomposite produced under the conditions of experiment 9 (8 mg/ml of copper oxide, 2 mg/ml of alginate and 60 min of stirring time) provided the highest growth inhibition rate as 75.63% against cancer cells.
CONCLUSION: The synthesised alginate-copper oxide nanocomposites in this study showed a significant anticancer effect. Therefore, the synthesised nanocomposite under optimal conditions can be used in the design of new anticancer drugs.
FISH-based karyotyping of Pelmatohydra oligactis (Pallas, 1766), Hydra oxycnida Schulze, 1914, and H. magnipapillata Itô, 1947 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa)
Authors: Anokhin Boris A. , Kuznetsova Valentina G.
Published: December 2018

An account is given of the karyotypes of Hydramagnipapillata Itô, 1947, H.oxycnida Schulze, 1914, and Pelmatohydraoligactis (Pallas, 1766) (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydridae). A number of different techniques were used: conventional karyotype characterization by standard staining, DAPI-banding and C-banding was complemented by the physical mapping of the ribosomal RNA (18S rDNA probe) and H3 histone genes, and the telomeric (TTAGGG)n sequence by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We found that the species studied had 2n = 30; constitutive heterochromatin was present in the centromeric regions of the chromosomes; the “vertebrate” telomeric (TTAGGG)n motif was located on both ends of each chromosome and no interstitial sites were detected; 18S rDNA was mapped on the largest chromosome pair in H.magnipapillata and on one of the largest chromosome pairs in H.oxycnida and P.oligactis; in H.magnipapillata, the major rRNA and H3 histone multigene families were located on the largest pair of chromosomes, on their long arms and in the centromeric areas respectively. This is the first chromosomal mapping of H3 in hydras.
Prionospio from the coast of the Iberian Peninsula, with the description of two new species (Annelida, Spionidae)
Authors: Delgado-Blas Víctor Hugo , Díaz-Díaz Óscar , Viéitez José M.
Published: December 2018

Five species ofPrionospioMalmgren, 1867, each with four pairs of branchiae, are studied from coast of the Iberian Peninsula. Two of these species,Prionospiocristaventralissp. n.andP.paraparisp. n., are new to science, whereasP.caspersiLaubier, 1962,P.fallaxSöderström, 1920, andP.ehlersiFauvel, 1928 have been previously recorded.Prionospiocristaventralissp. n.is characterized by having ventral crests present on chaetigers XI–XIX, dorsal crests and low crests on chaetigers X–XXXIV, triangular neuropodial postchaetal lamellae with pointed ventral edges on chaetiger II, oval neuropodial lamellae on chaetiger III, digitiform pinnules on the posterior face of the first and fourth pairs, and branchial pairs II and III are triangular.Prionospioparaparisp. n.is characterized by having rounded neuropodial postchaetal lamellae on chaetiger I, digitiform pinnules on the posterior face of the first and fourth pairs, branchial pairs II and III are cirriform, low dorsal crests on chaetigers VIII–IX, and oval neuropodial lamellae with enlarged dorsal edges on chaetiger III. A key is given to allPrionospiospecies with four pairs of branchiae known from the Iberian Peninsula coastline.
The economically important thrips from Malaysia, with a key to species (Thysanoptera, Thripinae)
Authors: Ng Yong Foo , Zaimi J Saiful
Published: December 2018

An illustrated key is provided to the economically important Thripinae (Thysanoptera) of Malaysia, together with a checklist and information on hosts and distributions. Information about the diversity and pest status for these Thripinae is provided, together with the prominent character states that are useful for recognising each species.
Les déterminants d’accès aux fonctions de gouvernance dans les grands cabinets d’audit
Authors: Manita Riadh , Elommal Najoua , Dalmas Michel
Published: December 2018

Cet article tente d’identifier les déterminants ayant permis à des associés des grands cabinets d’audit (GCA) en France d’accéder au Top management (TM). Nous avons effectué 19 entretiens semi-directifs auprès de membres d’organes de gouvernance des GCA. Quatre dimensions clés expliquant l’accès au TM des cabinets d’audit ont été identifiées : les critères de succès de l’individu, organisationnels, vis-à-vis des parties prenantes et du leadership.
Organisation du transport des marchandises et efficacité logistique des entreprises en contexte camerounais
Authors: Assene Marie-Noël , Djoukuo Elodie Léa
Published: December 2018

Assurer la disponibilité des bons produits, au bon client, au bon endroit, au bon moment et au coût le plus raisonnable (Samii, 2004), demeure un défi permanent pour de nombreuses entreprises en quête de performance et de compétitivité, particulièrement au Cameroun. Pour relever ce défi, les entreprises doivent savoir organiser l’acheminement de leurs marchandises en choisissant des stratégies de transport appropriées. Dans la perspective de résoudre le triptyque maîtrise des coûts de transport - respect des délais de livraison - qualité de service se pose alors le problème d’arbitrage entre transport pour compte propre et sous-traitance à des transporteurs ou à des transitaires (Lhoussine, Jamal et Hassan, 2014). Cet article s’intéresse à cette problématique en apportant la lumière sur les raisons justificatives du choix des stratégies de transport adoptées par les entreprises au Cameroun et sur l’efficacité logistique de celles-ci.
Quand l’organisation informelle nourrit l’organisation formelle dans un centre d’affaires bancaire
Authors: Geoffroy François , Koeberlé Pascal
Published: December 2018

Les travaux fondateurs de Barnard (1938) et de Roethlisberger et Dickson (1939) ont introduit une vision de l’entreprise comme système fait d’éléments formels et informels interdépendants. La reconnaissance de ces deux facettes complémentaires a bouleversé le regard jusqu’alors porté sur le fonctionnement des organisations. Pourtant, Soda et Zaheer (2012) remarquent que les recherches négligent le rôle de l’organisation formelle comme facteur d’émergence d’une organisation informelle. La relation entretenue entre ces deux facettes de l’organisation reste ainsi méconnue (Hunter, 2015). Pour étudier empiriquement cette relation, nous avons effectué une observation-participante dans un centre d’affaires bancaire dédié aux entreprises. La question de recherche est la suivante : comment le formel et l’informel s’articulent-ils dans la prise de décisions dans une organisation bancaire ?
Le rapport aux vêtements/accessoires de luxe des femmes de 16 à 39 ans dans l’accès vs. la possession exclusive
Authors: Loussaïef Leïla , Damay Coralie
Published: December 2018

Cette recherche étudie trois formes d’accès aux vêtements/accessoires de luxe pour les femmes de 16 à 39 ans : emprunt, location et achat partagé. Les entretiens menés montrent les convergences et les divergences dans les rapports à soi et aux autres, à l’objet et au process dans les configurations de possession exclusive vs . accès. Le caractère identitaire, statutaire et hédonique du vêtement/accessoire de luxe induit une appétence pour la possession, mais n’exclut pas le recours à l’accès.
Do Reforms Sequences Matter for Telecom Sector Performance? Evidence from MENA Countries
Authors: Cambini Carlo , Ezzat Riham , Staropoli Carine
Published: December 2018

Depuis la fin des années 80, les gouvernements se lancent dans des réformes de libéralisation des industries d’infrastructures parmi lesquelles le secteur des télécommunications. L’introduction de la concurrence s’accompagne d’un redécoupage de l’organisation industrielle, de la mise en place d’un nouveau cadre de régulation et dans certains cas de la privatisation des opérateurs historiques. Ces différentes dimensions de la réforme de libéralisation peuvent intervenir de manière simultanée ou séquentielle. Les pays sont en effet libres de choisir comment procéder et selon quel calendrier : faut-il installer un régulateur indépendant avant ou après la privatisation d’une part et l’introduction de la concurrence d’autre part ? Cet article évalue de manière empirique l’effet des séquences de réformes dans le secteur des télécommunications sur la performance du secteur en utilisant un échantillon de 17 pays du Moyen-Orient et d’Afrique du Nord (MENA) pour la période 1995-2010. Nous supposons que le choix de la séquence des réformes est influencé par des variables institutionnelles, politiques et économiques. Nous utilisons un modèle IV-2SLS pour mesurer l’impact de la séquence des réformes sur les performances du secteur des télécommunications en termes d’accès aux services, de prix, de productivité et de qualité des services. Nous montrons que la présence d’un régulateur indépendant avant le lancement de la privation de l’opérateur historique permet d’améliorer l’accès au service mais se traduit par une augmentation des prix dans la téléphonie fixe. Par ailleurs, l’installation d’un régulateur indépendant en amont de la mise en œuvre de la libéralisation n’a pas le même impact dans la téléphonie fixe et la téléphonie mobile.
Wage Premium and Wage Penalty in Marriage versus Cohabitation
Authors: Bonnet Carole , Jeandidier Bruno , Solaz Anne
Published: December 2018

Les travaux empiriques montrent que les hommes mariés gagnent généralement plus que les autres et que les femmes mariées gagnent moins. Cependant, le groupe de contrôle des « non marié » diffère selon les études, dans le temps et entre les pays, si bien qu’il n’est pas aisé d’identifier si c’est le type d’union ou le fait d’être en couple qui est à l’origine de ces pénalités ou primes salariales. Cet article vise à analyser si les personnes mariées ont des salaires horaires différents des personnes en couple non marié, en France, pays dans lequel les deux formes d’unions coexistent depuis longtemps. A partir des données de l’enquête Famille et Employeurs [2005], contenant des informations sur l’histoire conjugale et professionnelle des deux partenaires, nous estimons l’effet du mariage sur le salaire horaire des personnes en couple. En tenant compte de la sélection dans le mariage (plutôt que dans la cohabitation) et sur le marché du travail, et d’un différentiel possible de spécialisation conjugale, nos résultats montrent que la prime au mariage des hommes est entièrement due à une sélection positive dans ce type d’union. La division sexuée du travail au sein du couple diminue fortement le salaire horaire des femmes mais nous ne mettons en évidence aucune pénalité supplémentaire liée au mariage. L’écart salarial entre les partenaires est similaire qu’ils soient mariés ou non mariés, une fois la sélection dans le mariage contrôlée.
Raising Take-Up of Social Assistance Benefits through a Simple Mailing: Evidence from a French Field Experiment
Authors: Chareyron Sylvain , Gray David , L’Horty Yannick
Published: December 2018

Cet article s’intéresse au faible recours aux prestations d’assistance sociale en France. Nous nous concentrons sur un aspect particulier de ce phénomène, à savoir le non-respect fréquent par les bénéficiaires des démarches nécessaires à leur suivi après leur entrée dans le régime du Revenu de Solidarité Active, ce qui peut entraîner la perte de leur droit aux prestations. Afin d’étudier ce phénomène, nous menons une évaluation expérimentale sous la forme d’une expérience randomisée mettant en jeu l’influence des informations perçues et de la complexité des instructions. Les deux traitements consistent en des changements dans les informations qui sont envoyées aux ménages après leur entrée dans le programme. Nous cherchons à discerner les réponses comportementales à ces « nudges ». Nos résultats suggèrent qu’une action peu coûteuse pourrait permettre d’accroître la participation de certains types de bénéficiaires — dans notre cas, les jeunes hommes et les personnes vivant en milieu rural. Toutefois, pour être efficaces, ces intervention doivent cibler les ménages qui présentent des caractéristiques les rendant réceptifs au message.
Willingness to Pay Attention for Others: Do Social Preferences Predict Attentional Contribution?
Authors: Rafaï Ismaël , Toumi Mira
Published: December 2018

Cet article étudie la relation entre les préférences sociales et la contribution attentionnelle dans un environnement pro-social. A cette fin, nous proposons une nouvelle expérience, la « dustbin task », où les participants allouent leur attention afin de réduire l’incertitude dans une tâche cognitive de type discrimination. Nous comparons les effets de trois types d’incitations et des préférences sociales sur la quantité et l’efficacité de l’attention allouée dans trois traitements différents : un traitement de contrôle (T0), où la performance des participants n’est pas rémunée ; un traitement « intérêt propre » (T1) où les participants sont rémunurés sur la base de leur propre performance et un traitement « pro-social » de type Jeu du Bien Public (T2), où les participants sont rémunurés sur la base de la performance des autres membres de leur groupe. Nos résultats montrent que les deux types d’incitations (T1 et T2) augmentent la quantité d’attention allouée, indépendamment de la motivation intrinsèque des participants. De plus, nous observons que les préférences sociales des participants n’expliquent pas la contribution attentionelle dans l’environnement pro-social. Ce dernier résultat, en contradiction avec les prédictions de la théorie économique standard, ouvre de nouvelles perspectives sur l’étude des préférences sociales et de l’allocation de l’attention.
Regulating Risky Assets Liquidity
Authors: Rieu-Foucault Anne-Marie
Published: December 2018

L’existence d’actifs titrisés, risqués, sur les bilans bancaires est l’une des spécificités de la crise de 2007-2009. Suite à la crise de confiance sur les actifs risqués, en raison des asymétries d’informations entre les banques (vendeurs des actifs titrisés) et les fonds d’investissement (acheteurs), ces marchés d’actifs se sont gelés. Dans ce cadre, cet article propose un équilibre séquentiel dans lequel la banque centrale peut intervenir pour relancer les marchés financiers. Toutefois, ce rôle de banquier central est celui d’un preneur de risque en dernier ressort en raison du coût budgétaire. Le papier montre alors que la mission de fourniture de liquidités doit être complétée par une politique de gestion des risques du bilan de la banque centrale, sur les risques extrêmes des actifs. La politique de gestion des risques définit une politique macroprudentielle. Une comparaison est faite entre le modèle normatif et la gestion pratique de la crise par les banques centrales.
Le masque de la loi sous Vichy
Authors: Salas Denis
Published: December 2018

L’histoire judiciaire de Vichy se lit à deux niveaux, dont l’un fait écho à l’autre : d’un côté, une législation d’exclusion mise en œuvre par des juridictions d’exception et, de l’autre, la purge dans les professions (magistrature et barreaux) chargées de l’accomplir.
La Milice et les cours martiales. La cour martiale de Lyon (2 février-4 août 1944)
Authors: Douzou Laurent , Sansico Virginie
Published: December 2018

Les cours martiales créées par le décret du 20 janvier 1944 sont rarement étudiées en raison de la destruction des archives. Les auteurs n’ont pu parvenir à reconstituer l’activité de celle de Lyon qu’en consultant les dossiers de la cour de justice ayant jugé des miliciens à la Libération et les registres d’écrou de la prison Saint-Paul. Commandées directement par la Milice de Darnand et appliquant massivement la peine de mort par fusillade immédiate (45 en sept mois à Lyon), les cours martiales feront en outre disparaître toute trace des accusés.
La section spéciale de Dijon
Authors: Halpérin Jean-Louis
Published: December 2018

Chargées de réprimer les activités communistes, les sections spéciales devaient rendre des sentences arbitraires et exemplaires. Or, l’examen des archives de la section spéciale de Dijon, de septembre 1941 à août 1944, montre que son activité pénale n’a rien de terrible (26 % de relaxe, un seul cas de perpétuité) d’autant qu’elle conserve certaines garanties de procédure (présence des avocats). De fait, les Allemands répriment sommairement les actes de la Résistance, ce qui explique la minceur de son contentieux ordinaire (distribution de tracts). Ces juridictions sont donc un ersatz de souveraineté française et, surtout, une réserve d’otages dans la guerre menée par l’occupant contre la Résistance.
Avant la Libération : la politique de la Justice à Alger et le procès Pucheu (1943-1944)
Authors: Crémieux-Brilhac Jean-Louis
Published: December 2018

Le procès de Pierre Pucheu ponctue une tendance des mouvements de la Résistance qui, à la fin de 1943, vise à sanctionner les traîtres du régime de Vichy. Membre du gouvernement de Vichy, initiateur des sections spéciales, agent actif de la répression anticommuniste, Pucheu est accusé d’avoir fourni la liste des otages fusillés à Châteaubriant. Son procès qui a lieu dans un climat tendu, à Alger (capitale de la Résistance), joue un rôle décisif dans le développement de la Résistance.
L’épuration judiciaire à la Libération : entre légalité et exception
Authors: Bancaud Alain
Published: December 2018

La phase de transition ouverte à la Libération conduit à rétablir la légalité républicaine au moyen d’une justice d’exception. C’est le paradoxe de cette période historique : combiner la tradition de l’exception judiciaire française avec certaines normes de l’État de droit. Entre l’épuration extralégale (« la justice du coin du bois ») et une pression politique constante, elle s’efforce de rester fidèle à son objectif dominant : restaurer l’État par la « normalisation juridique ».