bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Hyperboloidal Universe
Authors: Laforet Christopher
Published: October 2022

This paper investigates a relativistic model of the Universe in which the geometry describes a 4D version of the 2-sheeted hyperboloid that is isotropic, homogeneous in space at a given time and inhomogeneous in time. The internal Schwarzschild metric is used for this model, which is justified by the fact that spherically-symmetric empty spaces in the Universe are effectively surrounded by a shell of infinite mass (the surrounding Universe). Thus the metric for the empty spaces must be described by the Schwarzschild metric according to Birkhoff’s theorem. Since the shell’s mass is infinite, the external solution cannot describe this spacetime and therefore the internal Schwarzschild solution must be the correct metric for this spacetime. The model predicts both a Universe and Anti-Universe moving in opposite directions of time undergoing an expansion phase, followed by a collapsing phase. Using only the current coordinate age of the Universe and transition redshift, it predicts the accelerated expansion and it is shown that its Hubble diagram fits currently available supernova and quasar data as well as predicting a Hubble constant H0 ≈ 71.6km/s/M pc. The angular term of the metric describes time dilation caused by the relativistic kinematic precession effect known as Thomas Precession which can be interpreted as spin about the time dimension. This precession results in novel Coriolis accelerations that affect the trajectories of both massive and massless particles in the Universe. The model also makes two novel predictions: that the early Universe should have structures older than expected due to an increased amount of proper time relative to coordinate time in that era and that the background Universe should appear brighter than current models predict.
Scattering of Ultrashort Laser Pulses on DNA and RNA Trinucleotides
Authors: Makarov Dmitry , Kharlamova Anastasia
Published: October 2022

X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of complex poly-atomic systems, especially of biomolecules, using ultra-short laser pulses (USP), is currently one of the most important fields of modern physics. The basis for interpreting and "deciphering" experimental data is the well-known theory of X-ray scattering, where the main parameter of USPs - its duration - is not taken into account. In the present work it is shown that for scattering of attosecond USPs on DNA and RNA trinucleotides the pulse length is the most important scattering parameter. In this case the diffraction pattern significantly changes with respect to the previously known scattering theory. The results obtained are extremely important in XRD when using attosecond pulses to study trinucleotides of DNA and RNA because using the previously known scattering theory which does not take into account the duration of USPs one can not correctly interpret and therefore "decode" DNA and RNA structures.
A Case Study of Delayed Action PIR Urinal-Controls in a University Setting and Their Impact Before, During, and After Covid-19
Authors: Daly James E.M. , Saroj Devendra P. , Chenoweth Jonathan L. , Parrott Thomas
Published: October 2022

This study looks at the application of delayed action Passive InfraRed (PIR) sensors in the control of water use for urinal flushing. In this we briefly review the literature on urinal controls before reviewing four different approaches to PIR urinal controls. Existing literature discusses some of the pros and cons of different types of urinal control. However, the literature doesn’t consider the marked differences that can occur within individual approaches, based on the way controls operate. This study was initiated at the University of Surrey during 2019 following a water saving audit, in an attempt to bring down what had been identified as one of the largest users of water. This paper therefore aims to identify the most effective way to reduce water consumption of urinal systems, through retro-fitting PIR control systems within the variety of settings found across university campuses. This paper also reviews the different reductions achieved over periods of different levels of use, linked to term time, holidays, Covid-19 related lockdowns, and the ‘new normal’. It found that grouped delayed action flushing was the most effective form of urinal control for reducing water use. The delayed action, grouped PIR sensors, achieved between, a 59-64% adjusted reduction against the control group during non-Covid19 periods, and a 35% reduction against the control group during lockdowns.
Pharmaceutical Treatment of Monkeypox Virus: A Narrative Review and Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Shamim Muhammad Aaqib , Satapathy Prakisini , Padhi Bijaya Kumar , Veeramachaneni Sai Dutt , Akhtar Naushaba , Pradhan Anindita , Agrawal Abhimanyu , Dwivedi Pradeep , Mohanty Aroop , Pradhan Kreeti , Kabir Russell , Rabaan Ali A , Alotaibi Jawaher , Al Ismail Zainab A. , Alsoliabi Zainab A. , Fraij Ali Al , Sah Ranjit , Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J.
Published: October 2022

Monkeypox virus infection is a recognized public health emergency. Little research has been done on treatment options for this disease. Until recently, there was not a single published work describing the usage of specific drugs in human patients with monkeypox virus infection. This paper gives the first bibliometric analysis of monkeypox treatment options based on data available on PubMed and Scopus. It also reviews the specific drugs used in the treatment of monkeypox. That includes data on Tecovirimat, Cidofovir, Brincidofovir, and Vaccinia Immune Globulin. Tecovirimat is a promising option in progressive disease in terms of efficacy and safety. However, Brincidofovir has been associated with discontinuation of treatment. Cidofovir is also not the preferred drug among physicians. Currently, Tecovirimat can be further used for the management of aggravating cases. More studies should be conducted on Tecovirimat to treat this condition, mainly through controlled trials.
Mini-Spidroin Filamentation in Different Methanol Concentration Coagulation Bath
Authors: Zhang Jie , Gong Meng xin , Jia Qiu pin , Meng Qing
Published: October 2022

Spider silk has excellent strength and elasticity in natural, researchers have been working for decades try to achieve natural spider silk outstanding mechanical properties using recombinant spider silk protein (spidroin) through artificial spinning. In this work, we chose wet spinning method to explore the relationship between concentration of coagulation bath and fiber performance. It was found that the concentration of methanol has important effect on fiber continuity, diameter and mechanical properties. Lower concentration favors spinning continuous thinner, fibers with high strain. Secondary stretching benefits spinning silk fibers with stable mechanical properties, and thermal stability. Through applying different methanol concentration and additional stretching, we obtained silk fibers with Young’s modulus of 3.052± 2.626 GPa, stress of 25.3944 ± 17.48 MPa, and strain of 140 ± 95.4%.
Registration System with Midtrans Payment Gateway using Waterfall Method
Authors: Ardha Robby Firmansyah , Rosid Mochamad Alfan
Published: October 2022

The Airlangga international conference is an event organized by the student executive body of Airlangga University which is engaged in youth for international issues which then comes up with ideas to solve these social issues. To join this activity, you need to fill in your personal data and then upload the article. A registration system that requires a lot of end-user time because it has to go through the admin approval stage manually. The confirmation process that must upload proof of transaction data is quite consuming business processes and involves many actors to provide confirmation to end users. In solving this problem, this research implements a payment gateway as automation in the payment process in the registration information system. This research using the PHP programming language which is integrated with the midtrans payment gateway. This research also uses the waterfall method in the application development process, then the blackbox method for testing and also codeigniter as a framework for development. This registration information system has business processes ranging from creating an account, selecting a category, filling out forms, making payments, and uploading articles. With the implementation of a payment gateway to the information system, it is hoped that it will gain validity in the registration process as well as help ease the burden on the committee in preparing financial reports.
Optimization of Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide/Chromium (III)-Acetate Gel-Plugging Process after Preflush Crosslinker in Fractured Extralow Permeability Reservoir at Moderate Temperature
Authors: Wang Kai , Luo Mingliang , Li Mingzhong , Kang Shaofei , Li Xu , Pu Chunsheng , Liu Jing
Published: October 2022

Hydrolyzed polyacrylamide/chromium III [HPAM/Cr (III)]-acetate gel treatment is an effective way for conformance control and water shutoff in various mature reservoirs around the world. However, it encounters severe challenges in the fractured extralow permeability reservoirs with the performance varying between success and failure when channeling caused by through-type fracture exists. The through-type fracture channel that connected injection to production is formed by the connection of hydraulic and natural fractures. This research takes the extralow permeability reservoir in the Ordos Basin as the background, and under the characterization of HPAM/Cr (III)-acetate gel, the effect of a preflush crosslinker on improving gel-plugging performance was studied via experiment, and the corresponding gel-plugging process was optimized. Experimental results showed that the preflush crosslinker could effectively improve the blocking strength and stability of HPAM/Cr (III)-acetate gel for through-type, large-opening fractures. Moreover, a high-quality “gel wall” was formed based on the preflush crosslinker; it worked as a barrier within the fracture and was the key to successfully blocking the millimeter-opening fracture. Under the experimental conditions, the optimized plugging process was as follows: The crosslinker was preflushed 24 hours in advance, and the gelant was injected in three slugs, with the volume of the first slug being 0.5 pore volume (PV). A field trial conducted in Ansai Oil Field demonstrated the potential of HPAM/Cr (III)-acetate gel and its plugging capability of optimized plugging method based on the preflush crosslinker to block through-type water channeling. This research provides valuable experimental data and theoretical guidance for conformance control and water shutoff of HPAM/Cr (III)-acetate gel treatment in fractured extralow permeability reservoirs.
Hungarian male water polo players' body composition can predict specific playing positions and highlight different nutritional needs for optimal sports performance
Authors: Fritz Péter , Fritz Réka , Mayer Lívia , Németh Boglárka , Ressinka Judit , Ács Pongrác , Olah Csilla
Published: October 2022

Background: Water polo is unique among aquatic - and generally other - sports and in general compared to other sports as it includes cyclic elements typical in swimming and acyclic elements occurring mainly in ball games. Moreover, Wwater polo includes high- and low-intensity activities and demands high level of technical and tactical skills. Players need an optimal nutritional and physical condition to achieve a high athletic performance, which is to a great extend also influenced by nutritional habits. We aim to highlight possible shortfalls in players’ nutritional intake in relation to positions played within the team.
Methods: In the present study, we determined the anthropometric and body composition characteristics, dietary habits, and laboratory parameters of elite adult male water polo players (n=19) before the start of the championship and at the end of the regular season, which meant a 4-month intervention period. Analyses of body composition characteristics and nutritional habits were performed using bioimpedance analyzer InBody 770 and3-day nutrition diary. Variance analysis and paired-sample t-test were used to determine the differences between the variables measured before and after the championship. Correlations Association between the anthropometric and body composition characteristics and different serum parameters were analyzed using linear correlation calculation and deep learning multivariable regression method. K-mean cluster analysis was performed using the anthropometric and body composition characteristics of the athletes.
Results: Based on anthropometric and body composition characteristics, players can be divided into two significantly different clusters that shows an association with specific playing positions. Cluster I included goalkeepers and wing players, while cluster II contained defenders, centers centers, and shooters belonged to Cluster II. We observed differences between in the physical composition and nutritional habits of the clusters. Cluster I players were 5 cm shorter on average, while their mean body weight, skeletal muscle mass and body fat mass data were lower by 19 kg, 7kg and 7 kg, respectively. Various body composition characteristics can predict the InBody Score with 92% efficacy using the deep learning method, while laboratory parameters can predict it with 95% efficacy. Body composition characteristics and laboratory parameters can predict the InBody Score with 92% and 95% efficacy using multivariable regression method. These results may be applicable in sport sciences for elite athletes and sports coaches.
Conclusions: Cluster differences between anthropometric and body compositional characteristics can help to develop position-specific training and nutritional recommendations in the future, thereby the results may be applicable in sport sciences for elite athletes and sports coaches.
Optimal Atlas Registration and Resting State Functional Architecture in Patients with Glioblastoma
Authors: Park Ki Yun , Shimony Joshua S. , Chakrabarty Satrajit , Tanenbaum Aaron B. , Hacker Carl D. , Donovan Kara M. , Luckett Patrick H. , Milchenko Mikhail , Sotiras Aristeidis , Marcus Daniel S. , Leuthardt Eric C. , Snyder Abraham Z.
Published: October 2022

Using resting-state fMRI is a challenge in patients with large tumors owing to mass effect and potentially altered representation of function, i.e., remapping. The best approach to atlas registration in tumor patients remains uncertain. In this work, we investigated the effects of alternative approaches to atlas registration on resting-state fMRI functional connectivity in glioblastoma (GBM) patients and studied the impact of GBM on functional brain organization. We analyzed data representing 59 GBM patients and 161 age-matched healthy subjects and systemically investigated affine vs. non-linear atlas registration and two associated masking options. Outcomes were assessed both in terms of structural data match to an atlas template as well as functional connectivity (FC) match to a reference dataset. Next, we evaluated the impact of GBMs on the organization of brain networks accounting for the hierarchical organization of resting state networks. Our results demonstrate that non-linear atlas registration with tumor masking optimizes both structural normalization and FC mapping. The aberrancy map results, obtained with fine parcellations, are consistent with prior findings showing that FC abnormalities induced by focal lesions are widely distributed. However, the results obtained with coarse parcellations indicate that functional architecture is grossly normal in tumor patients.
Diagnostic value of dynamic computed tomographic angiography for aortic dissection and the perfusion of involved organs
Authors: Song Wei , Lyu Liang , Wang Gang , Luan Qiuhong , Yang Jingsong
Published: October 2022

Purpose: Early diagnosis of aortic dissection (AD) and end-organ malperfusion is of great significance for AD’s management and prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the use of aortic dynamic computed tomography (CT) angiography (CTA) in diagnosing AD and the significance of evaluating blood supply to abdominal organs.
Methods: The patients with confirmed AD and who visited our hospital from 12/2018 to 12/2019 were retrospectively included. The densities of the aortas and abdominal organs were measured, and a time-density curve was drawn and compared with conventional CTA. Correlation analysis was performed between the changes of densities in the false lumen and the changes of densities in injured kidneys.
Results:Fifty patients were included. The tears were seen in 86%. The main aortic branches were involved in 48%. The diagnostic rate of dynamic angiography for rupture was 86%, slightly better than aortic CTA (84%, P<0.01; κ=0.765). The density of the true and false lumens was measured in each phase: phase 2 (4%), 3 (4%), 4 (48%), 5 (26%), and 6 (16%). Eighteen patients had single renal artery involvement. In phase 7, the density of the AD false lumen and kidney damage were correlated (r=0.75, P<0.001).
Conclusions: Dynamic angiography can show the fine structures of AD. In dynamic angiography, the best phase can be selected according to the hemodynamic changes of patients to complete the diagnosis. False lumen density in phase 7 was correlated with renal injury.
Perioperative outcomes of robotic versus laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of propensity score- matched studies and randomized controlled trials
Authors: Sun Tao , Wang Yinghua , Liu Yan , Wang Zhanyu
Published: October 2022

Background
Da Vinci robotic surgery system, a novel type of surgery, was widespread in surgical field. However, the perioperative outcomes of robotic distal gastrectomy (RDG) are still controversy, despite several observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCT) had been reported. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis of propensity score-matched (PSM) and RCT studies to evaluated the perioperative feasibility and safety of RDG.
Methods
Studies were systematically searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase database, and screened according to the defined limitations. The quality of PSM studies and RCT studies were respectively assessed by ROBINS-I and Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Extracted data were analyzed by Review Manager 5.4.
Results
7 PSM studies and 1 RCT with a total of 2763 patients were included in this analysis. The longer operative time (MD = 31.42, 95%CI= [22.88, 39.96], p < 0.00001), less blood loss (MD=-25.89, 95%CI= [-36.18, -15.6], p < 0.00001], p < 0.00001), more retrieved lymph nodes (MD = 3.46, 95%CI= [2.94, 3.98], p < 0.00001), shorter time to first flatus (MD=-0.08, 95%CI= [-0.13, -0.02], p = 0.006) and liquid intake (MD=-0.13, 95%CI= [-0.22, -0.05], p = 0.002) were observed in RDG group compared with LDG group. There are no statistically significant in time to start soft diet, postoperative hospital stays, overall complications, complications Grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ, complications Grade≥ Ⅲ, anastomotic leakage, bleeding, intra-abdominal bleeding, intraluminal bleeding, ileus, abdominal infection, delayed gastric emptying and wound complications.
Conclusions
RDG has a better surgical outcomes and faster postoperative recovery. The incidence rate of postoperative complications was comparable between RDG and LDG.
Emotional Intelligence and Quality of Life among Upper Primary School Teachers
Authors: Para Barkat Hussain
Published: October 2022

The study’s major goal was to examine the emotional intelligence and the quality of life of upper primary school teachers. it was hypothesized that there would be no differences in the mean scorers of emotional intelligence and quality of life. Moreover, emotional intelligence has no relation or will not influence upper primary school teachers’ quality of life. A total number of 389 teachers of 52 upper primary schools in which 275 were men and 114 were women participated randomly in this online descriptive survey. Results revealed no significant differences between male and female upper primary teachers with regard to emotional intelligence or quality of life. However, a significant difference was found on three dimensions of quality of life i.e., psychological health, intrapersonal dynamics and financial satisfaction. Apart from that, positive correlation was found between emotional intelligence and quality of life. The teachers need to be healthy, economically secure, physically safe and emotionally sound. With these characteristics, they will be able to excel in their teaching profession and handle classroom differences with ease. It is imperative that school authorities provide teachers with necessary training on emotional health and their psychological well-being so that they can foster positive skills in their students.
The incidence of Sudden Sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) IN COVID 19 patients in tertiary care referral units
Authors: Elmoursy Mohamed Mohamed , Bakr Mohamed Salama , Mohamed Enass Sayed , Ragaee Mahmoud Ali
Published: October 2022

Background:Covid–19 is a new pandemic infectious disease emerged in Wuhan, China at the end of 2019, we aimed to evaluate the Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) prevalence after covid 19 infection or even vaccination.Methods:Two-centre retrospective, observational cross-sectional study performed at tertiary care referral Audio-vestibular Medicine Units at the period between August 1st2020 and October 31st2021. All sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) patients diagnosed in a period of a month with Covid -19 or vaccinated with Covid -19 vaccine were participated in this study.Results:Fifty-three cases with confirmed Covid -19 and one patient vaccinated with Covid -19 vaccine one week before, reported sudden sensory neural hearing loss were included in this study. forty-eight patients had unilateral hearing loss and 6 patients had bilateral hearing loss. Forty-nine patients with typical Covid -19 symptoms, one patient discovered after complaining of anosmia and ageusia, one patient after Covid -19 vaccination and three patient was complaining only from hearing loss and had PCR test for nasopharyngeal swapes to prove infection were participated in our study. Different degrees of SSNHL were ranged from mild to severe and most of the patients had severe hearing loss.Conclusion:With more patients, Covid-19 may be a potential factor in sudden sensorineural hearing loss. It should be kept in mind that SSNHL may be the only indicator used to identify Covid- 19 cases.
Wear Behavior of en-42 Ploughshare Blades Hardfaced by Fe-based Alloys in Actual Field Conditions
Authors: Singh Sukhpreet , Chatha Sukhpal Singh , Singh Amandeep
Published: October 2022

In the present work EN-42 ploughshare steel has been hardfaced by three different iron-based hardfacing namely H1, H2, and H3 using the Manual Metal Arc welding technique with an aim to improve the abrasive wear behavior of ploughshare blades. In addition, the influence of the single layer and the double layer of overlaid material has also been investigated. The single-layer hardfacings were designated as H1, H2, and H3, and double-layer hardfacings were designated as HH1, HH2, and HH3. The experiments were performed in sandy loom soil in the actual field. The tractor with a horsepower of 60 HP was used for experimenting, the tractor speed was kept as 3 km/h and the depth of ploughing was kept as approximately 15 cm. Abrasive wear was analyzed from the weight loss of ploughshare blades in actual field trails. From the results it is revealed that bare steel ploughshare experienced significant weight (103g) and length loss (31mm) in actual field trials, indicating low abrasive wear resistance. Hardfaced ploughshare blades exhibited sufficient abrasive wear resistance. H1 hardfacing has provided better protection to the ploughshare steel in actual field trials, which may be attributed to the presence of complex carbides in the microstructure in needle shape. H3 hardfacing composed of iron-based has also shown good wear resistance, however, due to its brittle nature, it got fractured due to the high impact of hard particles in the soil. Further, except for H1 hardfacing, single-layer hardfacings provided better abrasive wear resistance than the double-layer hardfacings to the ploughshare blades. The wear rate index of bare, H1, H2 and H3 hardfaced steel are 1, 1.45, 1.25, and 1.28 respectively in actual field trials.
Mechanistic insights into the deformation and degradation of a 2D MOF
Authors: Machatschek Rainhard , Sahabudeen Hafeesudeen , Zhang Qiang , Liu Yue , Heuchel Matthias
Published: October 2022

2D-Metal organic frameworks (2D-MOFs) materials can be subjected to various modes of mechanical stresses and strains in a wide range of applications, for which their mechanical properties are critical to reach practical implementations. Despite the rapid developments focused on the preparation of ultrathin 2D-MOF materials, very little is known about their mechanical and degradation behavior. Here, we introduce the Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) technique, combined with interfacial rheology, as a novel in situ method for direct determination of the in-plane Young's modulus by simultaneously measuring the 2D shear and compression moduli of a 2D-MOF formed at the air-water interface. Furthermore, it can be used to evaluate mechanistic models describing the degradation kinetics of 2D MOFs. To provide a deeper understanding of the factors that determine the Young’s modulus observed in such a set up, we carried out nanoindentation measurements and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations based on classical force fields. This protocol allows us to gain mechanistic insights into the impact of structural defects, temperature, tensile and compression stress on the Young’s modulus of 2D MOFs.
Effect of experimental infection of Trypanosoma congolense on the packed cell volume of Dutch belted rabbits and its implication
Authors: Obeta Sylvester Sunday , Ubah Simon Azubuike , Ejiofor Charles Ejike , Agbonu Adikpe Oluwa , Kwinjoh Columbus Philemon , Abah Kenneth Owoicho , Ikpe Alapa Baba , Abayomi Samuel Bankole , Ezinwo Prisca Adaoma , Itodo Joy Iyojo , Akefe Issac Oluwatobi , Uba Charles Amaechi , Mailafia Samuel
Published: October 2022

Effect of Trypanosoma congolense infection on Packed Cell Volume (PCV) of Dutch belted (does) rabbits was investigated. Sixteen Dutch belted rabbits weighing between 1.6 and 1.8 kg were grouped into two of eight each. Following intraperitoneal inoculation with T. congolense, PCV, total leucocyte count (TLC), rectal temperature (RT), heart rate (HR), body weight (BW) were assessed, as well as the level of parasitaemia. Mean PCV of infected rabbits were 36.0 ± 0.53%, 35.3 ± 0.19%, and 28.0 ± 0.89% while that for uninfected were 40.8 ± 0.11%, 41.8 ± 0.19%, and 41.3 ± 0.08% at days 18, 25 and 58 post inoculation (PI) respectively. Mean TLC of infected group were 5.5 ± 0.08 x109/L, 3.9 ± 0.08 x109/L and 3.4 ± 0.09 x109/L while that for uninfected were 5.9 ± 0.05, 4.2 ± 0.08, and 3.5 ± 0.09 at days 18, 25 and 58 respectively. Mean RT of infected were 38.3 ± 0.070C, 39.2 ± 0.090C and 39 ± 0.100C while that for uninfected were 38.0 ± 0.120C, 38.2 ± 0.110C and 38.8 ± 0.080C at days 18, 25 and 58 PI respectively. Mean HR of infected were 141 ± 0.96/bpm, 143 ± 1.22/bpm and 144 ± 1.13/bpm while that for uninfected were 149 ± 0.59/bpm, 144 ± 0.94/bpm and 149 ± 1.27/bpm at days 18, 25 and 58 respectively. Mean BW of infected were 1.7 ± 0.07kg, 1.5 ± 0.07kg and 1.6 ± 0.06kg while that for uninfected were 1.6 ± 0.07kg, 1.6 ± 0.07kg and 1.80 ± 0.07kg at days 18, 25 and 58 PI respectively. PCV of infected was significantly (P < 0.05) lower as compared to uninfected group at days 18, 25 and 58 of the study. Parasitaemia was detected at 6th day PI and remained high to the end of the study. The study suggest use of haematinics and anti-pyrexia in the disease management for rabbits.
Cytoplasmic FMR1-interacting protein 2 regulates cocaine reward by modulating synaptic plasticity in the nucleus accumbens
Authors: Jang Choon-Gon , Kim Young-Jung , Kim Kyungin , Lee Youyoung , Ko Yong-Hyun , Lee Bo-Ram , Hur Kwang-Hyun , Kim Seon-Kyung , Lee Seok-Yong
Published: October 2022

Cytoplasmic FMR1-interacting protein 2 (CYFIP2), consisting of the Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein family verprolin-homologous protein (WAVE) regulatory complex, is involved in actin polymerization, contributing to neuronal development and synaptic plasticity. Mutating serine-968 to phenylalanine (S968F) in CYFIP2 causes an altered cocaine response in mice; however, the neuronal mechanisms underlying this response remain unknown. We performed cocaine reward-related behavioral tests and examined changes in synaptic protein phenotypes and neuronal morphology in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) using CYFIP2 S968F knock-in mice to investigate the role of CYFIP2 in regulating cocaine reward. Our findings revealed that CYFIP2 S968F attenuated cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization and conditioned place preference. Moreover, CYFIP2 S968F altered cocaine-associated CYFIP2 signaling, glutamatergic protein expression, and synaptic density following cocaine exposure. To further determine the role of CYFIP2 in NAc neuronal activity and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) projecting to the NAc activity-mediating reward response, we assessed the optogenetic stimulation paradigm. Optogenetic activation of the NAc or mPFC-NAc pathway induced reward-related behaviors, and this effect was reversed by the S968F mutation in CYFIP2. These results suggest that CYFIP2 plays a role in controlling cocaine-mediated neuronal function and synaptic plasticity in the NAc and that CYFIP2 could serve as a target for regulating cocaine reward.
Approximation of Solutions of Split Monotone variational Inclusion Problems and Fixed Point Problems
Authors: Nwawuru Francis O.
Published: October 2022

Many researchers have incorporated an inertial term and will continue to involve it in iterative algorithms due to the fact that it speeds up the rate of convergence which is desirable in applications. In this paper, we propose a new inertial extrapolation algorithm for solving split monotone variational inclusion problem which turns out to solve fixed point problems in the framework of real Hilbert spaces. Our proposed algorithm which is the generalization of split feasibility problems among many others, does not involve the knowledge of operator norm which is some times difficult in practice. Furthermore, we prove under some mild assumptions that the sequence generated recursively by our algorithm converges strongly to a common solution of split monotone variational inclusion problem and fixed point of k- demicontractive mapping. Finally, we apply our algorithm to solve other related problems, precisely linear inverse problems. Some numerical illustrations are provided to further demostrate the efficiency and competitiveness of our algorithm.
2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 47H06 · 47H09 · 47J05 · 47J25
Evaluation of housekeeping genes for normalizing RT-qPCR and analysis of the expression patterns of WRKY1 transcription factor and rhynchophylline biosynthetic-related genes in Uncaria rhynchophylla
Authors: Mu Detian , Shao Yingying , He Jialong , Zhu Lina , Qiu Deyou , Wilson Iain W. , Lu Ying , Tang Qi
Published: October 2022

Background: Uncaria rhynchophylla（Miq.）Miq.ex Havil, a traditional medicinal herb, is enriched with a number of pharmacological active terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs). At present, a comprehensive selection and evaluation of the appropriate housekeeping genes for gene expression analysis, especially transcription factors and key enzyme genes involved in biosynthesis pathway of TIAs in U. rhynchophylla, have not been reported. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is currently the most common method for gene expression level detection with its high sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility, and ease of use. However, this methodology is dependent on the selection of an optimal housekeeping gene for the accurate normalization of RT-qPCR results.
Results: Ten candidate housekeeping genes, that are homologs of genes used in other plant species as common housekeeping genes, were used to evaluate their expression stability under three stress related experimental treatments (methyl jasmonate, ethylene and low temperature), using multiple stability analysis methodologies. The results showed that S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAM) had a higher expression stability than the other candidate housekeeping genes under the experimental conditions tested. Using SAM as a housekeeping gene, 14 genes of key TIA enzymes and a WRKY1 transcription factor had their expression profiles examined in the three experimental stress treatments that are known to affect the accumulation of TIAs in U. rhynchophylla. The expression pattern of WRKY1 was found to be similar that of tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC) and strictosidine- β-D-glucosidase (SGD).
Conclusions: This research is first to report the stability of housekeeping gene in U. rhynchophylla and as such provides an important foundation for future gene expression analysis in U. rhynchophylla. WRKY1 expression indicated it is potentially capable of coordinating the expression of TDCand SGD, providing a possible means of enhancing alkaloid production in future with synthetic biology.
Tunable Localized Charge Transfer Excitons in a Mixed Dimensional van der Waals Heterostructure
Authors: Rahaman Mahfujur , Marino Emanuele , Joly Alan , Song Seunguk , Jiang Zhiqiao , O’Callahan Brian , Rosen Daniel , Jo Kiyoung , Kim Gwangwoo , El-Khoury Patrick , Murray Christopher , Jariwala Deep
Published: October 2022

Observation of interlayer, charge-transfer (CT) excitons in van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) based on 2D-2D systems has been well investigated. While conceptually interesting, these charge transfer excitons are highly delocalized and spatially localizing them requires twisting layers at very specific angles. This issue of localizing the CT excitons can be overcome via making mixed dimensional vdWHs (MDHs) where one of the components is a spatially quantum confined medium. Here, we demonstrate the formation of CT excitons in a 2D/quasi-2D system comprising MoSe2 and WSe2 monolayers and CdSe/CdS based core/shell nanoplates (NPLs). Spectral signatures of CT excitons in our MDHs were resolved locally at the 2D/single-NPL heterointerface using tip-enhanced photoluminescence (TEPL) at room temperature. By varying both the 2D material, the shell thickness of the NPLs, and applying out-of-plane electric field, the exciton resonance energy was tuned by up to 120 meV. Our finding is a significant step towards the realization of highly tunable MDHs with novel excitonic properties.
The first registered type 0 spinal muscular atrophy patient in Latvia: call for change in prenatal diagnostic procedures, case report
Authors: Cupane Tina Luize , Diriks Mikus , Taurina Gita , Kornejeva Liene , Gailite Linda , Malniece Ieva , Auzenbaha Madara
Published: October 2022

Background
currently, there are only a few published case reports detailing an increased nuchal translucency (NT) measurement in association with a diagnosis of SMA in the foetus. However, an increased NT measurement is a clinically relevant sign as it can be related to genetic syndromes, foetal malformations, disruptions and dysplasias. This case report highlights the prenatal signs and symptoms in relation to type 0 SMA.
Case presentation:
this case report presents the first registered patient in Latvia with type 0 spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). The index case was a Caucasian male infant from non-consanguineous parents. During the first-trimester ultrasonography of the unborn patient, an increased thickness of the nuchal fold was detected. The mother reported decreased foetal movements during the pregnancy. After the boy was born, his general condition was extremely severe. The clinical signs indicated a suspected neuromuscular disorder. A precise diagnosis – type 0 SMA – was determined 7 days after birth through a newborn pilot-screening for SMA. The condition of the infant deteriorated. He had severe respiratory distress followed by multiple events leading to death.
Conclusions
since there are no treatment options for infants with type 0 SMA at present, it is vital to be able to detect this disease prenatally in order to provide the best possible care for the patient and parents. Employment of extensive panel genetic testing using next-generation sequencing would be beneficial for prenatal diagnosis of type 0 SMA cases. Moreover, sequencing of foetal exomes covering single nucleotide variations and copy number variations (also SMN1) offers a broader diagnostic capacity for pregnancies with unexpected foetal anomalies, thus improving both diagnostic timing and counselling for parents. Early recognition of the disease would give parents time to come to terms with the situation, as well as provide the option of pregnancy termination.
Letter: Drought affected 1976 presidential election results in South Dakota
Authors: McLeman Robert , Heath George , Vollan Charles , Robertson Colin
Published: October 2022

In the staunchly Republican state of South Dakota, a severe drought in the election year of 1976 led to anomalously strong rural voter support for Democratic presidential nominee Jimmy Carter. As growing attention is given by researchers to the effects of disaster response and climate policy on elections, this case is a natural experiment providing evidence that exceptional weather conditions can lead to exceptional election results.
An Advanced Efficient Video Streaming Framework for Vehicular Adhoc Networks Using VANET Streaming Protocol
Authors: Tamizhselvi A , J Liju Anton , Yoganathan P
Published: October 2022

Vehicular Adhoc Network (VANET) is a distinct kind of Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET) that imparts different services that include the safety of the driver, commercials, and also entertainment. Due to the dynamic topology and other unique characteristics of VANETs, it is onerous to fabricate a paradigm or conclude the different parameters with which the QoE can be calculated. Moreover, the type of data shared between the neighboring vehicle plays an essential role in evaluating the system‘s performance. Furthermore, the current protocols are not suitable for streaming emergency-related content in VANETs. In the proposed protocol, Real-Time VANET Streaming Protocol (RTVSP), no modifications are made to the other layers, the one used for playing back the videos, such as H.264 or the physical wireless standards such as WiFi or Bluetooth. The protocol aims at a proactive approach in order to drastically reduce the packet sizes and avoid the need for an addressing mechanism that acts as an overhead, thereby increasing the transmission speed. Moreover, our protocol also suggests the mechanism to overcome packet losses and improve the quality of experience between the users. Network Visualizer that is explicitly used for simulating wireless network communication, is used to determine the performance of the protocol in multiple scenarios. The users in the network region can set the quality level of the required video segments according to their own preferences for the effective support of video streaming in a wireless network built by a variety of clients. To prevent latency, the server should start streaming in a low resolution when the user requests that it send a packet. These studies show improved results for video streaming system factors including latency, Delay parameter, Loss Parameter, packet miss, and Equal Weight Aggregate. The results of the simulation intimate that RTVSP outperforms the existing video streaming protocols that utilize the same H.264 video system in transmission speed and to provide the latency for the video streaming protocol.
COVID-19, breast cancer care, and social determinants of health: a cross-sectional study to investigate the impact of a pandemic on health care and quality of life
Authors: Myers Charlotte , Bennett Kathleen , Kelly Catherine , Walshe Janice , O’Sullivan Nollaig , Quinn Mary , Weadick Catherine , Cahir Caitriona
Published: October 2022

Purpose
The aim of this study is to understand the impact of COVID-19 on breast cancer (BC) services and quality of life (QoL) in women living with and beyond BC in Ireland and whether the impact varied by social determinants of health (SDH).
Methods
The survey study invited women diagnosed with BC in the past five years to complete a questionnaire measuring the impact of COVID-19, disruption to BC services, QoL, SDH, and clinical covariates during a period of COVID-19 restrictions. The association between COVID-19 impact, disruption to BC services, and QoL was assessed using logistic and linear regression respectively with adjustment for SDH and clinical covariates. Interactions between COVID-19 impact and SDH were explored.
Results
30.5% of women reported a high COVID-19 impact, which was associated with younger age, urban living, and employment status. Over half of all women reported disrupted BC services. A high COVID-19 impact was associated with more disruption to BC services and lower QoL scores. Women in post-active treatment and further removed from their diagnosis reported significantly more disruption to BC services. Younger women and women not employed reported significantly lower QoL scores. Additionally, there were significant interactions between health insurance status and COVID-19 impact on both outcomes.
Conclusion
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted women with a prior diagnosis of BC in Ireland, and this impact varied by SDH, including age, region, employment status, and health insurance status. Further research is needed to understand the long-term impact of the pandemic on women with BC.
Efficacy analysis of anterior cervical fusion in the treatment of adolescent cervical kyphosis
Authors: Tian Yahao , Yu Kaixu , Li Feng
Published: October 2022

Background Surgical treatment remains a challenge for the treatment of adolescent cervical kyphosis, anterior cervical fusion (ACF) can correct kyphosis with small trauma. To study the efficacy and application scope of ACF for the treatment of adolescent cervical kyphosis.
Methods Patients younger than 18 years old who had undergone anterior cervical discectomy/corpectomy and fusion (ACDF/ACCF) for cervical kyphosis from 2013.1 to 2020.12 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score for neck pain and neck disability index (NDI) were recorded at preoperative and the last follow-up. The C2-7 Cobb angle, regional kyphosis angle (RKA), kyphosis index (KI), T1 slope (T1S), and C2-7 sagittal vertical axis (C2-7 SVA) were measured at preoperative, 1-week post-traction, 1-week postoperative, and last follow-up. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 software and p < 0.05 refers to a significant difference.
Results A total of 11 patients were included, 6 with idiopathic, 1 with laminectomy, 2 with eosinophilic granuloma(EG), and 2 with trauma. All accepted skull-traction, the cervical kyphosis angle shows significant improvement at post-traction than preoperative. 9 patients accepted anterior cervical discectomy and fusion(ACDF), and 2 patients accepted anterior cervical corpectomy decompression and fusion(ACCF). The laminectomy patient occurred distal junctional kyphosis(DJK) at the last follow-up. The VAS score of neck pain and NDI at the last follow-up were smaller than preoperative (p<0.05). The cervical kyphosis angle shows significant improvement at postoperative and the last follow-up than preoperative and post-traction. There is no significant difference in cervical curvature between the postoperative and last follow-up.
Conclusion ACF is suited to mild or moderate adolescent cervical kyphosis or can be corrected to mild or moderated by cervical traction. It is effective for improving clinical symptoms with small trauma. For patients with an intact posterior column, ACF is effective for restoring cervical lordosis. For patients without an intact posterior column, ACF-only is not enough, a combined approach should be considered and fused to the thoracic if necessary.
Factors driving poor health and influencing unhealthy behaviour uptake in deprived areas.
Authors: Stockton James , Lui Steve , Halsall Jamie P , Ndzogoue Nadege Pouandeu
Published: October 2022

Background

Better understanding health determinants affecting poor health outcomes and influencing unhealthy behaviour is increasingly considered an important focus. This study investigated participants’ Healthy Eating and Active Living (HEAL) behaviours, as well as the attitudes, thoughts and experiences, associated with the Social Ecological Model (SEM) [1] that influenced said health behaviours.

Method

We used HEAL and SEM to identify the uptake and maintenance of modifiable behaviours affecting physical activity, diet, and long-term behaviour (i.e. smoking and alcohol consumption). Participants were collected for 13 focus groups (N=97: Female = 78 and Male
= 19) and 15 one-to-one interviews (N=15: Female = 9 and Male = 6). All data gathered during focus groups and interviews was recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis (Braun and Clarke, 2019) was used to contextualise the data and develop themes in line with SEM. Recruitment of participants occurred in a Northern English town location was selected based on previously identified large amount of health disparities occurring in research location.

Results

Four themes were identified: healthy eating and sensible drinking awareness, unhealthy food and alcohol consumption affected by outlets density, environmental impact upon mental health, and attitudes towards government interventions. SEM examined the effectiveness of
community level interventions whilst considering the individual responsibility associated with HEAL.

Conclusion

Inherited attitudes towards HEAL are deeply impacting participants. Inter-generational transferal of beliefs arising from a lack of HEAL is likely to remain an uphill struggle. Health determinants remain a concern, with many deprived areas within England suffering from worse health than non-deprived areas. Within these deprived areas, barriers to health exist at multiple levels and are encountered throughout an individual’s life. National interventions provided good information; however, they are either hampered by a lack of effective dissemination to the general population, or lack the key information required. Local interventions often have more success in effectively engaging local people, but transient local interventions eventually disappear due to a lack of long-term funding. We provide some evidence to support the notion that Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) health interventions should be provided in a local and sustainable fashion.