bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surface modification effects on lubricant temperature and floating valve plate motion in an axial piston pump
Authors: Richardson David , Sadeghi Farshid , Rateick Richard G , Rowan Scott
Published: April 2019

The objectives of this study were to experimentally measure motion of a floating valve plate and analytically investigate the effects of floating valve plate surface modifications on the lubricant film thickness and temperature distribution. In order to achieve the experimental objectives, a previously developed axial piston pump test rig was instrumented with proximity probes to measure the motion of the valve plate. To achieve the objectives of the analytical investigation, the thermal Reynolds equation augmented with the Jakobsson-Floberg-Olsson (JFO) boundary condition and the energy equation were simultaneously solved to determine the pressure, cavitation regions, and temperature of the lubricant at the valve plate/cylinder block interface. The lubricating pressures were then coupled with the equations of motion of the floating valve plate to develop a dynamic lubrication model. The stiffness and damping coefficients of the floating valve plate system used in the dynamic lubrication model were determined using a parametric study. The elastic deformation of the valve plate was also considered using the influence matrix approach. The experimental and analytical motions of the valve plate were then corroborated and found to be in good agreement. Four- and eight-pocket designs were then added as surface modifications to the floating valve plate in the dynamic lubrication model. The addition of surface modifications on the valve plate resulted in increased minimum film thicknesses and lowered lubricant temperatures at the same operating conditions.
Commerce, piety and politics: Indonesian young Muslim women’s groups as religious influencers
Authors: Beta Annisa R
Published: April 2019

The article discusses the indiscernibility of social-media-based young Muslim women’s groups’ (YMWGs) transformative roles in socio-political analysis, standing in contrast to the groups’ visibility in Indonesian young women’s everyday lives. How does the (in)visibility of the YMWGs reconfigure the (political) subjectivity of Muslim womanhood? How should we understand the influence of this form of ‘women’s movement’ in the re-invention of Muslim identity? This article proposes the notion of ‘social media religious influencer’ to understand the groups’ conflation of religious, political and commercial elements in their online and offline representations and their encouragement to their followers to do self-transformation. The article demonstrates how, although such creative conflation challenges prevailing ideas about young Muslim women, it requires the young women to remain and take part in the prevailing gender regime by maintaining female conformity.
Celebrating life or adversity? The redefinition of features in the Pictures of the Year International contest
Authors: Midberry Jennifer , Comfort Ryan N , Roskos Joseph E
Published: April 2019

Photojournalism contests have been criticized for continually awarding top prizes in hard news categories to images that depict conflict, disaster, poverty, and other problems. Pictures like these, which have a social issues visual frame, usually focus on people from countries other than the United States and on minorities. Some photojournalism contests, like Pictures of the Year International (POYi), include a features category. Traditionally, the purpose of feature photographs is to celebrate the human condition; however, in recent years of the POYi contest the features category has been dominated by images that stress hardship. To investigate whether this represents an increasing trend in POYi of awarding prizes to pictures that focus on social issues, a content analysis of the winning photographs from the past 20 years was conducted. Understanding whether the feature category in Pictures of the Year International has evolved is important because when it comes to shaping discourses about social issues, national identities, ethnicity, and race, feature photos have the potential for emphasizing commonality. If the newsworthiness of feature photos starts to become tied to similar criteria as hard news photos, that potential will be diminished.
Kinetic modeling of butane-2,3-diol dehydration over Nb2O5.nH2O
Authors: Cheng Gui-Lin , Wang Lin-Yan , Jiang Cheng-Jun
Published: April 2019

This study employed Nb2O5.nH2O for the dehydration of butane-2,3-diol, which could be derived from biomass or waste gas using a fermentation process. The experiments were conducted at a temperature ranging from 220 °C to 260 °C and a weight hourly space velocity of 0.01–0.05 min−1. There are three main products that include methyl ethyl ketone, isobutyraldehyde, and butadiene. The yield of products increased with the reaction temperature. Rate data for the dehydration reaction were well represented by Langmuir–Hinshelwood kinetics with adsorption parameters in the rate equations, which assumed the formation of products was reversible with single-site reaction. The apparent activation energies for the dehydration reaction of methyl ethyl ketone, isobutyraldehyde, and butadiene obtained from the Arrhenius plot data were 19.5, 24.0, and 23.7 kJ mol−1, respectively. The adsorption energies for butane-2,3-diol, methyl ethyl ketone, isobutyraldehyde, and butadiene were −182.4, −142.1, −136.1, and −105.6 kJ mol−1, respectively.
The effect of neodymium and yttrium on benzofuran hydrodeoxygenation performance over a bulk Ni2P catalyst
Authors: Song Hua , Dai Xueya , Jiang Nan , Yan Zijin , Zhu Tianhan , Li Feng
Published: April 2019

Neodymium (Nd)- or yttrium (Y)- modified bulk Ni2P catalysts (Nd-Ni2P or Y-Ni2P) have been successfully prepared and their catalytic performance in benzofuran hydrodeoxygenation have been investigated. The as-prepared catalysts were characterised by X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption–desorption, CO uptake and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The addition of Nd or Y, especially Nd, can increase the surface area of the catalysts and promote the formation of smaller and more highly dispersed Ni2P particles. The Nd-Ni2P catalyst showed the highest benzofuran hydrodeoxygenation activity of 95.3% and the O-free products yield of 74.6%, which gives an increase of 25.3% and 35.4% when compared with that found for Ni2P.
Residual strength degradation model of 18CrNiMo7-6 forged steel
Authors: Wang Wei , Li Jianmin , Pan Jun , Chen Huanguo , Qian Ping , Chen Wenhua
Published: April 2019

Residual strength is one of the important properties of materials and is the basis for material fatigue life prediction. In this article, the residual strength of 18CrNiMo7-6, a commonly used material for wind power gears, is degraded with the load of fatigue load. According to the law of fatigue damage generation and development, a residual strength degradation model is proposed. According to the comparison between the test results and the model, the accuracy of the proposed model is high. When the number of loading/total number of cycles is close to 0.7, the residual intensity will change significantly. It is helpful to further study the reliability change of wind power gears under high cycle fatigue.
The Mini C-Arm Sock: A Novel and Simple Technique for Draping to Prevent Contamination and Penetration
Authors: Chien Bonnie Y. , D’Antuono Matthew , DiGiovanni Christopher W.
Published: April 2019

The mini C-arm is frequently used in foot and ankle surgery. However, its continuous manipulation introduces potential means of contaminating the sterile surgical field. A simple and effective draping technique of the mini C-arm is described to minimize risk of contamination and sharps penetration that can damage the C-arm.

Levels of Evidence: Level V
Impact of left ventricular function on clinical outcomes among patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Siontis George CM , Branca Mattia , Serruys Patrick , Silber Sigmund , Räber Lorenz , Pilgrim Thomas , Valgimigli Marco , Heg Dik , Windecker Stephan , Hunziker Lukas
Published: April 2019

Aims

To investigate the clinical relevance of contemporary cut-offs of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) including an intermediate phenotype with mid-range reduced ejection fraction among patients with coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

Methods and results

Patient-level data were summarized from five randomized clinical trials in which 6198 patients underwent clinically indicated percutaneous coronary intervention in different clinical settings. We assessed all-cause mortality as primary endpoint at five-year follow-up. According to the proposed LVEF cut-offs, 3816 patients were included in the preserved LVEF group (LVEF ≥ 50%), 1793 in the mid-range reduced LVEF group (LVEF 40–49%) and 589 patients in the reduced LVEF group (LVEF < 40%). Patients in the reduced LVEF group were at increased risk for the primary outcome of all-cause mortality compared with both, preserved and mid-range LVEF throughout five years of follow-up (adjusted hazard ratio 2.39 (95% confidence interval 1.75–3.28, p < 0.001) and 1.68 (95% confidence interval 1.34–2.10, p < 0.001), respectively). The risk of cardiac death and the composite endpoint of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, or stroke were higher for patients in the reduced LVEF group compared with the preserved and mid-range reduced LVEF groups, but also for the mid-range LVEF compared with preserved LVEF group (adjusted p < 0.05 for all comparisons) throughout five years. Irrespective of clinical presentation at baseline (stable coronary artery disease or acute coronary syndrome), patients with reduced or mid-range LVEF were at increased risk of all-cause mortality and cardiac death up to five years compared with the other group (adjusted p < 0.05 for all comparisons).

Conclusion

Patients with reduced LVEF <40% or mid-range LVEF 40–49% in the context of coronary artery disease undergoing clinically indicated percutaneous coronary intervention are at increased risk of all-cause mortality, cardiac death and the composite of cardiac death, stroke and myocardial infarction throughout five years of follow-up. The recently proposed LVEF cut-offs contribute to the differentiation and risk stratification of patients with ischaemic heart disease.
Immunomodulatory effects of chemotherapy on blood lymphocytes and survival of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Aldarouish Mohanad , Su Xiangyu , Qiao Jianbing , Gao Chanchan , Chen Yan , Dai Anwei , Zhang Tianyu , Shu Yongqian , Wang Cailian
Published: April 2019

A better understanding of the immune profile of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the immunomodulatory impact of chemotherapy is essential to develop current therapeutic approaches. Herein, we collected peripheral blood from 20 healthy donors and 50 patients with advanced NSCLC, before and after chemotherapy, followed by phenotypic analysis of lymphocyte subsets and assessment of the correlation between their post-chemotherapy levels and progression-free survival (PFS). Results showed that, before chemotherapy, the levels of CD8+ lymphocytes, PD-1+CD4+, Th2, and Th17 cells were elevated in patients’ peripheral blood, in contrast to natural killer (NK) cells and Th1 cells. Besides, there was no remarkable difference in the frequency of PD-1+CD8+ cells between patients and healthy controls. After chemotherapy, the levels of CD8+ lymphocytes, NK, Th2, Th17, and Treg were declined, in contrast to the level of Th1 cells which was markedly increased. Importantly, chemotherapy had no impact on the frequencies of PD-1+CD8+ and PD-1+CD4+ cells. PFS was significantly better in patients with low percentage of PD-1+CD4+ T cells than those with high percentage. Patients with high content of Th1 cells showed longer PFS than those with low content. The low percentages of Th17 and Treg cells were correlated with longer PFS, even though the difference did not reach statistical significance. In conclusion, the imbalance of lymphocyte subsets is a hallmark of NSCLC. Furthermore, the high level of PD-1+CD4+ cells plays a crucial role in the progression of NSCLC and could be used as a prognostic marker; and the high level of Th1 could predict better clinical outcomes of chemotherapy.
Sustainable Management of Bannerghatta National Park, India, with the Insights in Land Cover Dynamics
Authors: Ramachandra T. V. , Setturu Bharath
Published: April 2019

The ecosystem of health and natural resource management is influenced by the social, political, economic system and institutional framework in a region. Rapid economic growth in Bangalore and its environs in recent decades has resulted in environmental changes in Bannerghatta National Park (BNP) and its buffer (of 5 km). Land use land cover (LULC) change analysis with a modelling technique such as cellular automata (CA)-Markov was used for quantitatively exploring forest cover transitions. The analysis of LULC dynamics has revealed loss of vegetation cover from 85.78 per cent to 66.37 per cent (1973–2015) and severe environmental stress. The region has lost moist deciduous cover, from 26.1 per cent to 13.8 per cent, and witnessed an increase in horticulture, from 8.5 per cent to 11 per cent (1973–2015). The visualization of likely land use in 2027 indicates the loss of forest cover from 41.38 per cent to 35.59 per cent with an increase in urban area from 4.49 per cent to 9.62 per cent (with new residential and commercial layouts in the buffer zone of BNP in violation of the eco-sensitive zone norms as per Section 5(1) of Environment Protection Act 1986). The study provides insights for developing an appropriate planning framework towards conservation and the sustainable management of ecologically sensitive national parks.
End-of-Life Health-Care Cost of Patients With Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Souliotis Kyriakos , Kani Chara , Marioli Androniki , Kamboukou Aggeliki , Prinou Aikaterini , Syrigos Konstantinos , Markantonis Sophia
Published: April 2019

Introduction:

Lung cancer exerts a significant societal and health-care–related economic burden and chemotherapy drugs constitute a major factor of total direct cost. The aim of the present study was to assess the direct health-care cost of lung cancer in Greece by conducting a retrospective analysis on the last 6 months of life.

Methods:

The present study was based on both the medical data and costs of treatment of deceased adult patients who suffered from terminal stage IIIB/IV lung cancer (non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer) during the last 6 months of their life. The study’s protocol was approved by the Hospital’s Research Ethics Committee. Costs included outpatient (outpatient services) and inpatient (inpatient services) costs. Descriptive statistics were mainly used for statistical analysis.

Results:

The files of 144 patients were analyzed. The total cost of health-care services for the study population during the last 6 months of life was attributed by 57% to inpatient services, whereas chemotherapy costs (74%) comprised the largest proportion of the total inpatient cost. The highest expenditure for outpatient services was attributed to concomitant medication (59%), followed by the cost of tests (21%) and radiotherapy (20%).

Conclusions:

The results of our study indicate that both inpatient and outpatient costs were substantial. The main inpatient and outpatient cost drivers were chemotherapy and concomitant medication, respectively. A more comprehensive nationwide study would be useful to validate our results and to include also indirect costs of cancer care in Greece.
Breaking the Silence: The Phenomenology of the Female High School Band Director
Authors: Bovin Amy J.
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the phenomenology of the female high school band director (FHSBD). In order to achieve a sample for regional maximum variation, one FHSBD from each county in the state of Connecticut was interviewed. After gathering data from a series of three interviews, I used Moustakas’s modification of the Van Kaam method to analyze data to align with common phenomenological analysis techniques. I identified the following nine themes from relevant and validated invariant constituents: (1) support, (2) resistance and barriers, (3) loving the students and loving music, (4) discrimination, (5) motherhood and time consumption, (6) building or rebuilding a program, (7) gender clubs, (8) high school wasn’t the goal, and (9) administrative and leadership degrees and certification. Based on results from the analyzed data, I determined the essence of the FHSBD is most succinctly described as persistence.
Times Not to Forget Radiotherapy When Treating Patients With Lymphoma
Authors: Enke Charles A.
Published: April 2019

Radiation therapy remains an important component of lymphoma treatment. It has evolved with improvements in technology and a better understanding of how to successfully integrate it into lymphoma treatment. There are specific clinical presentations where omission of radiation therapy could adversely affect patient outcome and should not be overlooked. Radiation therapy may serve an important role as primary treatment, as a component of combined modality therapy, as adjuvant therapy to maximize local control, and as an important component of salvage therapy for relapsed or primary refractory lymphoma and in the successful palliation of lymphoma. This review identifies those clinical presentations where the use of radiation therapy should not be overlooked or should at least be considered.
Quantitative analysis of the ThrbCRM1-centered gene regulatory network
Authors: Souferi Benjamin , Emerson Mark M.
Published: April 2019

Enhancer activity is determined by both the activity and occupancy of transcription factors as well as the specific sequences they bind. Experimental investigation of this dynamic requires the ability to manipulate components of the system, ideally in as close to an in vivo context as possible. Here we use electroporation of plasmid reporters to define critical parameters of a specific cis-regulatory element, ThrbCRM1, during retinal development. ThrbCRM1 is associated with cone photoreceptor genesis and activated in a subset of developing retinal cells that co-express the Otx2 and Onecut1 (OC1) transcription factors. Variation of reporter plasmid concentration was used to generate dose response curves and revealed an effect of binding site availability on the number and strength of cells with reporter activity. Critical sequence elements of the ThrbCRM1 element were defined using both mutagenesis and misexpression of the Otx2 and OC1 transcription factors in the developing retina. Additionally, these experiments suggest that the ThrbCRM1 element is co-regulated by Otx2 and OC1 even under conditions of sub-optimal binding of OC1.
Effects of Perpendicular Aryl Groups on Electronic Properties and Complexation of 4,4-Dihydrodithienosilole
Authors: Tsurusaki Akihiro , Kyushin Soichiro
Published: April 2019

4,4-Dihydrodithienosilole bearing perpendicular Tip groups at the 3,5-positions (1) was synthesized. Compound 1 was characterized by NMR, IR, and mass spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. The lowest energy absorption band in the UV/Vis spectrum is shifted bathochromically compared with the parent 4,4-dihydrodithienosilole II. The fluorescence quantum yield of 1 is much higher than that of II. The oxidative addition of 1 to Pt(PPh3)2(C2H4) gave the isolable silylplatinum hydride complex 7 in contrast to II and a related compound. These results indicate that the Tip groups affect the electronic properties and complexation.
A Note on the history of Hellenistic Megara: Τhe date of the Antigonid garrison in Aegosthena
Authors: Chrysafis Charalampos
Published: April 2019

This paper presents a proposal for the date of the Antigonid military presence in Aegosthena near Megara, which is known only by a Megarian honorary decree for Boiotian Zoilos, the royal commander of the garrison (IG VII 1). The named king Demetrios in the inscription could be Poliorketes (306-284 BC) or his grandson, Demetrios II (239-229 BC). All the available evidences (philological, prosopographical, letters a.o.) are examined and the conclusion is that a date around 295-287 BC is the more preferable.
Case Report: Partial nephrectomy in primary renal sarcoma presenting as Wunderlich syndrome; a rare tumour with rare presentation managed atypically
Authors: Manikandan Ramanitharan , Mehra Ketan , Dorairajan Lalgudi Narayanan , Nachiappa Ganesh Rajesh , Sreenivasan Sreerag K. , Kumar Rajeev
Published: April 2019

Spontaneous retroperitoneal haemorrhage also called Wunderlich Syndrome (WS) may be caused by various aetiologies. One of the most common causes is renal tumour. Renal sarcoma is a rare cause of WS, and renal sarcoma in itself is a rare entity. In the era of nephron-sparing surgery, optimum management of primary renal sarcoma remains a dilemma as there are limited number of cases available in the literature. Nevertheless, radical nephrectomy remains the recommended treatment, keeping in mind the aggressiveness of the tumour. We report a case of primary undifferentiated renal sarcoma, which presented as WS, and which was managed by partial nephrectomy.
The creative heritage of K. Marx and contemporary philosophy
Authors: Нижников Сергей , Nizhnikov Syergyey , Лагунов Алексей , Lagunov Alyeksyey , Гобозов Иван , Gobozov Ivan , Силичев Дмитрий , Silichyev Dmitriy , Махаматов Таир , Makhamatov Tair , Махаматова Саида , Makhamatova Saida , Деникин Анатолий , Denikin Anatoliy , Кишлакова Наталья , Kishlakova Natalya , Трофимова Роксана , Trofimova Roksana , Викторов Вячеслав , Viktorov Vyachyeslav , Иоселиани Аза , Ioseliani Aza , Серегина Татьяна , Seregina Tatiana , Асонов Николай , Asonov Nikolay , Деникина Зоя , Denikina Zoya , Музашвили Диана , Muzashvili Diana , Чернышова Лидия , Chyernyshova Lidiya , Назаренко Сергей , Nazarenko Sergey , Ястремский Алексей , Yastremskiy Aleksey , Кальней Марина , Kalney Marina , Ханджян Евгения , Handzhyan Evgeniya
Published: April 2019

The collective monograph was prepared by the participants of the interuniversity scientific and practical conference dedicated to the 200th anniversary of the birth of K. Marx. In the chapters the authors critically comprehend the theoretical heritage of the great thinker of the XIX century. The view of the philosophical ideas of the founder of Marxism is realized through the prism of the historical destiny and actual problems of modern Russia. The problems of adequate understanding of Marx's creative heritage, as well as the heuristic significance in understanding the contradictions of the globalizing world are raised.
Importancia del tiempo efectivo de instrucción en el desempeño académico: resultados de una aproximación mixta en Colombia
Authors: Villegas Mendoza Alexander
Published: April 2019

Se implementaron variables instrumentales para estimar el efecto del tiempo efectivo de instrucción en el desempeño de los estudiantes colombianos en la prueba Saber 11. Se encontró que aumentar en una desviación estándar el tiempo efectivo de instrucción incrementa el puntaje en los componentes de Matemáticas en 0,43 desviaciones y Lenguaje en 0,16, respectivamente. Una aproximación cualitativa en el departamento del Atlántico sugiere que la ventilación de las aulas, la temperatura, la disciplina, los desplazamientos hacia la escuela, las actividades ajenas a las clases y las interrupciones de los padres son los factores que más afectan el desarrollo de las actividades académicas.
La hipótesis Keynesiana del gasto público frente a la Ley de Wagner: un análisis de cointegración y causalidad para Perú
Authors: Aparco Elvis , Flores Alex
Published: April 2019

El objetivo del presente artículo es verificar el cumplimiento de la “Ley de Wagner” frente a hipótesis keynesiana del gasto público en el Perú. Para ello, se analizó la relación entre el gasto público y el crecimiento económico en el periodo comprendido entre 1950-2016. Los resultados se obtuvieron mediante la estimación de un modelo econométrico de cointegración y pruebas de causalidad en el sentido de Granger, los cuales muestran que en el corto plazo se cumple la hipótesis keynesiana del gasto público, sin embargo, en el largo plazo la situación se revierte, cumpliéndose la “Ley de Wagner”.
Grammatical Construction of Verb-Particle “off” in English
Authors: Dewi Astri Arni Murdasari
Published: April 2019

This research investigates language phenomenon of verb-particle construction with particle off in English. This attempts to describe grammatical construction of verb-particle off. This research was conducted by descriptive-qualitative research method. The implementation of this method was through a number of stage: data gathering, analyzing data, and presenting the result of the data analysis. The stage of analyzing the data was performed by using distributional and identification method with a number of techniques. This study found that verb-particle construction can be distinguished from verb-preposition construction by implementing some of construction alternations, which are (1) noun phrase as object can be put in between the verb and the particle or after the particle; (2) coordinate noun phrase as object with the phrasal verb; (3) moving noun phrase to the left by itself is acceptable if without particle, that this indicate the noun phrase is a unit, but moving the particle and the noun phrase is not acceptable, since they do not form a phrase. The argument structure of verb-particle with off consists of intransitive, transitive, and ditransitive. The argument’s role of verb-particle off can take action as agent, patient, and potential agent.
Patient satisfaction with a hospital-in-the-home service
Authors: Facultad Jose , Lee Geraldine A
Published: April 2019

The hospital-in-the-home (HitH) model is an alternative model of healthcare that allows patients to return home and receive short-term treatment in a familiar environment. The objective of the present study was to evaluate patient satisfaction with the GSTT@home service in the London boroughs of Southwark and Lambeth. A questionnaire comprising 20 questions was developed with 5-point Likert response and free text options. A total of 1426 questionnaires were distributed, of which 206 (14%) were returned. The majority of respondents said they would recommend the @home service (n=200, 97%) and were very satisfied or satisfied with the service (n=203, 99%). Only 48 respondents provided qualitative free text comments, and overall, these were very positive and supportive of the @home service. The findings support the benefits of the @home model of care from the patients' perspective.
BLS Lymphoedema Awareness Week 3–9 March 2019 and beyond!
Authors: Sneddon Margaret
Published: April 2019

#LymphoedemaAwareness
Cervical cancer
Authors: Peate Ian
Published: April 2019

Cervical cancer is a common cancer in those women aged 35 years and under. This article considers cervical cancer, providing the healthcare assistant and assistant practitioner (HCA and AP) with insight and understanding of this gynaecological cancer. The anatomy of the cervix is outlined and the incidence of the condition discussed, along with the different types of cervical cancer staging and grading.

Cervical cancer screening approaches are outlined. Risk factors are described, as well as the signs and symptoms of the disease. An overview of how a diagnosis is made is provided, as well as the various treatment options that may be available. Preventative measures (health promotion activities) are also included.

The article provides a glossary of terms and also five multiple choice questions.
The role of the maternity support worker in personal hygiene/pressure area care of the childbearing woman
Authors: Lindsay Pat
Published: April 2019

Personal hygiene is fundamental to physical and psychological health. Most childbearing women are able to care for their own personal hygiene needs and normally only need minimal support. However, there are some situations where the woman may be confined to bed and unable to care for herself. In these circumstances, she is reliant on her carers to meet her hygiene needs, including pressure area care and toileting needs. She may find this experience upsetting and care must be competent, kind and sensitive. Maternity support workers are essential to providing compassionate, skilled and safe personal hygiene care for childbearing women.
Reflection and you
Authors: Stonehouse David
Published: April 2019

This article explores the important activity of reflection and reflective practice. Support workers and nursing associates, as well as all healthcare professionals, have a responsibility to reflect upon their own practice, identifying not only areas of good practice but also where improvements can be made. The article starts by defining what reflection and reflective practice are.

The requirement to reflect is clearly laid down within the recently amended Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) code for nursing associates ( NMC, 2018 ) and is implied within the Code of Conduct for Healthcare Support Workers and Adult Social Care Workers in England ( Skills for Care and Skills for Health, 2013 ). Relevant sections of these two codes will be highlighted.

The article will then move on to highlight two reflective models, the Gibbs (1988) Reflective Cycle, and Driscoll's (2007) Model of Structured Reflection, both of which are commonly used today. Clinical supervision will be discussed and the importance of recording reflections will be emphasised.
A literature review of the psychological status of asylum-seeking children: implications for nursing practice
Authors: Flood Ciara , Coyne Imelda
Published: April 2019

Europe is in the midst of a large-scale migration crisis, which has implications for healthcare provision for asylum-seeking children and families. The authors set out to identify the psychological status of asylum-seeking children and highlight their needs. A search of three electronic databases was carried out, resulting in 15 studies. Data show that asylum-seeking children appear to experience many mental health difficulties, including post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, self-harm, sleep disturbance and behavioural difficulties. The daily living situation includes a range of psychological stressors, such as lack of space and control; fear of deportation; feelings of inadequacy and hopelessness; poor parental mental health; lack of recreational facilities; communication issues; and financial worries. Since many asylum-seeking children have experienced past trauma, hospitalisation and healthcare encounters may trigger traumatic memories and cause further distress. Awareness of the psychological impact of the situation on children and families may help nurses to provide empathetic, sensitive and culturally competent care.
Nurses deserve to be honoured in the NHS Parliamentary Awards
Authors: Glasper Alan
Published: April 2019

Emeritus Professor Alan Glasper, University of Southampton, explains why nurses should be among those recognised in the 2019 NHS Parliamentary Awards that reward staff who have made a difference to patient care
Staffing is not just a numbers game
Authors: Foster Sam
Published: April 2019

Sam Foster, Chief Nurse, Oxford University Hospitals, considers a newly published review of the evidence and areas for further reflection when it comes to questions about staff on the wards
Just ask?
Authors: Tassoni Anne-Marie , Tassoni Penny
Published: April 2019

Anne-Marie Tassoni and Penny Tassoni explain the purpose of asking questions of children, and what they should entail
New experiences: a sibling
Authors: Rawstrone Annette
Published: April 2019

Advice for parents on preparing their child for the arrival of a new brother or sister and supporting them through the change to family life. By Annette Rawstrone
Assessing and treating obsessive compulsive disorder in practice
Authors: Young Andy
Published: April 2019

Health professionals in primary care may be the first to notice or hear of patients who are experiencing obsessive compulsive disorder. While care from specfic professionals is likely to be needed, Andy Young explains how practice nurses can direct the care for these patients

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition in the which the quality of the sufferer's life is adversely affected by intrusive or inappropriate thoughts and actions. People with OCD have repetitive thoughts that cause anxiety symptoms. In order to control these thoughts and their associated unpleasant effects, the person develops behaviours they feel might prevent the thought from becoming reality. OCD is found in 1% of the UK population, affecting men and women equally. There is evidence to suggest that OCD runs in families and has some genetic basis, and it appears to be partly caused by alterations to the balance of serotonin and/or dopamine in the brain. OCD often develops in childhood or young adulthood, and the presence of obsessive and compulsive phenomena may require referral and treatment from Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services. ‘Pathological doubting’ and the inability to distinguish between the memory of real or imagined actions is a central feature of OCD, especially compulsions associated with the disorder. The primary care team have an opportunity to recognise OCD symptoms and intervene before the condition worsens and the patient requires hospitalisation.
RESEARCH ROUNDUP
Authors: Winter George
Published: April 2019

George Winter provides an overview of recently published articles that may be of interest to practice nurses. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided
Teaching risk-taking to engineering design students needs risk-taking
Authors: Tekmen-Araci Yasemin
Published: April 2019

Creativity is essential in the engineering design process to achieve innovative results. However, research has consistently shown that among the many factors that foster creativity in engineering education, one of the most central requirements is risk-taking, which is not widely covered in engineering design education. This article attempts to understand the risk-taking approach in an engineering design education environment both from the students’ and the instructors’ perspective by conducting a qualitative comparative study in an Australian University. Overall, the study finds that instructors’ teaching method has an influence on students’ approach towards risk-taking. The evidence shows that engineering instructors are risk adverse and hesitate to adopt new approaches in education. However, fostering creativity in education requires a creative approach, which is possible through risk-taking. Encouraging engineering students to adopt a risk-taking approach during the design process is not possible until the engineering instructors and engineering faculties are willing to take risks in their own teaching methods.
Twitter in the initial teacher education arts classroom: Embracing risk taking to explore making learning visible
Authors: Lemon Narelle
Published: April 2019

As learning experiences in higher education become more blended, new ways of working in digital spaces are explored. One approach can be the integration of social media. This article unpacks how social media integration confronts the public performance of pre-service teachers (PSTs) in the higher education context, and their understanding of arts making and art education. In integrating Twitter into the learning experience, explorations into pedagogies that support risk taking are brought to the forefront. Identification of five different types of adopters is presented. Each of these classifications is connected to behaviours that embody risk taking in relation to both social media use and exploration of teaching art, which demonstrates a participatory culture within the space of Twitter. Revealed is the complexity of risktaking behaviours that embrace the varying approaches to use, confidence, familiarity and transferability supported by pedagogical design underpinned by teacher presence.
The becoming of a designer: An affective pedagogical approach to modelling and scaffolding risk-taking
Authors: Grocott Lisa , McEntee Kate , Coleman Kathryn , Manix Roger
Published: April 2019

Current design practice is as much about understanding behaviour and culture as it is about material intelligence. Relevant, effective design is about working with people rather than for people. As we acknowledge this paradigm, we also recognize the need to better understand our individual selves to better understand others. This article details the affective pedagogy behind the Transforming Mindsets studio, which directly addresses explicit teaching of intrapersonal skills in learning to design with others in authentic inquiry-based assessment. This empirical educational study utilized observational data, self-reporting tools, interviews and a six-month followup interview with students to observe how risk plays a role in shifting learning mindsets. Students reported that the experimental studio changed their relationship with learning, strengthened their willingness to take risks and improved the quality of their collaborations. However, post-studio interviews revealed the challenge of integrating intrapersonal skills and practices into future learning contexts. This article proposes the importance of design education considering not just how the designer creates but also how the designer acts and becomes in the world.
Looking back, and looking forward: Does ADCHE embody a mature field of enquiry?
Authors: Drew Linda
Published: April 2019

This article attempts to characterize the maturation of the field of research embodied in this journal. This field of research is described as pedagogic in character, and related to the disciplines of art, design and media, within the higher education research context. The article describes the original context for the development of the field, related to the parallel, more mature development of the field of higher education research. It goes on to describe key influences on the development of the field of research, including research assessment exercises in the national and international context, development of higher education systems and research into the student experience and predominant themes in the development of the field of enquiry. Themes identified include research development and situated practices in learning and teaching. The article draws comparisons with the development of a field of enquiry, by referring to review studies in the fields of higher education research and design research. The article concludes that there is much evidence of a mature field of enquiry and argues for further demonstration through synthesis and application of established higher education research methods and frameworks.
Watch my back and I watch yours’: Beyond Habermas’ public sphere concept in democratic and participatory dimensions of pre-colonial Shona society public spaces
Authors: Ncube Lyton , Tomaselli Keyan G.
Published: April 2019

Debates on communication media and democracy including in Africa are largely anchored in the western Habermasian public sphere concept. Studies employing indigenous African communication platforms and symbols are scarce, prompting Zimbabwean philosopher Tafataona Mahoso to argue that while Africans have a philosophy, we have become ‘illiterate’ such that we cannot read our constructions and symbols. Thus, this article broadens discussions on participatory communication practices and democratic principles by engaging pre-colonial Zimbabwe communication and solidarity relational philosophies of Dariro and Dare (ubiquitous circle) largely located in traditional Shona societies. The philosophical democratic dimensions of these platforms are discussed in relation to Habermas’ public sphere theory. We show that despite western thought generally regarding the non-West as a place of antiquarian traditions and unprocessed data, pre-colonial indigenous African communication systems were characterized by democratic participation, agency and public contest; at times beyond democratic practices and principles espoused by the Habermasian public sphere.
Radio waves, children’s rights and community communication: A radio for children’s rights project in Africa
Authors: Shule Vicensia , Boothby Hugo , Ahmed Samah , Hansen Anders Høg
Published: April 2019

This article draws upon research done as part of a formative evaluation of a radio project on children’s rights in Tanzania. Fieldwork was conducted etween January and June 2016 followed by a longer period of analysis. In this article we take the project as a case study of applied Communication for Development (ComDev) and examine the insights it offers into this field of both theory and practice. Making use of data generated during the evaluation process we reflect critically on the project, and the evaluation processes itself, taking participation, community radio, selection, involvement, community exchange and radio practice as our points of departure. The empirical work and analysis revealed a strong potential in the project’s activation of crucial local contexts and webs of communication, but also vulnerability and uncertainty in terms of vision as well as practical models for a sustainable continuation and impact.
Unframing painting, ‘pushing back the walls’
Authors: Alliez Eric , Bonne Jean-Claude
Published: April 2019

Y.-A. Bois has the merit of having opened the way to an understanding of Matisse’s revolution in the matter of colour – namely that relations between colours are above all relations of quantity, and that these quantitative relations determine, differentially, their qualities. But for him, these relations of quantity are merely a question of their reciprocal partitioning of surfaces, that is to say of drawing. For us, colour is in principle a relation not between pure quantities of inert surfaces but between their reciprocal intensities. And these intensities are not to be understood in terms of pure picturality. Indeed, the most radical advance Matisse made in his art was to open up an experimentation with the becoming-life of art: an art which, from this point on, would no longer be a matter of aesthetics, but instead of the all-around construction of an aisthesis expressing what Matisse called an ‘energetic feeling of life’. This implied a veritable becoming-other of painting which would prompt him, without exiting painting, to make painting itself exit by removing the borders between painting and its environing milieu so that his construction works directly flush to the architectural site, with the intention of constructing, together with it, a milieu of life from which his painting must not cut itself off by making itself image – and in this proviso lies the whole force and the difficulty of Matisse. We tackle this question through an analysis and comparison of his two great mural paintings entitled The Dance (1931–33).
Models of attention
Authors: Derby Moyra
Published: April 2019

In this article the question posed by Yve-Alain Bois via Hubert Damisch in Painting as Model, ‘what is the mode of thought of which painting is the stake?’ (1990) is shifted to what is the mode of attention? Informed by current cognitive and neuropsychological research, paintings combative art history is assessed through the lens of attention. The unravelling of modernist painting is proposed as a conflict between models of attention, and divergent attentional expectations. Modernist values of immediacy, presentness, wholeness are considered conditions of an ideal attentional experience, one that attempts to hold back a partial, fragmented and distracted counter experience of modernity. Painting as Model argued for painting’s specificity, pulling away from a formalism that reduces painting to the visual, and theoretical structures that bypass the made object. This article proposes an attentional-specificity for painting; the limits of attentional capacity, distinctions between focused, distributed and divided attention correlating with the cognitive complexity held by the structural, spatial and material conditions of painting.
A world for us: On the prefiguration of reconciliation in Barnett Newman’s painting
Authors: Neofetou Daniel
Published: April 2019

In his essay on Barnett Newman in Painting as Model, ‘Perceiving Newman’, Bois accounts for the appeal of Newman’s address by positing that the artist’s work invokes ‘a world-for-us, neither the “objective” world described by mathematics or physics nor a kind of mythic space that one could [...] thematise with symbols and ideographs’. However, in this article it is contended that this ‘world-for-us’ is prefigured through the experience of decisive otherness. While Bois cites Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s early opus Phenomenoloy of Perception in ‘Perceiving Newman’, in this article Merleau-Ponty’s late writing is read via the aesthetic theory of Theodor W. Adorno to discuss how the in-itselfness of Newman’s art bindingly engages elements of experience that capitalism dismisses in favour of profit as the fundamental determinant of everyday life.
Visual Essay
Authors: Bonnefoi Christian
Published: April 2019

The first five images are collages-montages where I use collage as at once a technique of the construction of form but also as a mode of inquiry on what is in the process of being made and that the viewer is in the process of seeing (future perfect). The last five images are taken from a diagram that I began in 1994 whose task is a simple classification articulating a chronological series of paintings with the syntagma of written propositions (conceptual, metaphoric or historical) and historical works – drawn, painted or sculpted. Since then, the diagram has been developed in a specific way; it has become a dispositif not only because new columns of time have been added but especially because the interaction between the written and the painted leads to a certain number of disruptions, in such a way that the dispositif has substituted its own specific temporal and paradoxical propositions for the chronological fatality of origins.
Special Issue: Dance in musical theatre
Authors: Das Joanna Dee , Donovan Ryan
Published: April 2019

This special issue of Studies in Musical Theatre examines the role of dance in musical theatre from a variety of perspectives. Given the scholarly turn from textual analysis to performance analysis, even studying musicals without extensive dance per se can benefit from understanding how movement shapes meaning. The introduction below explains some key themes that have emerged in the six articles that follow. One is the question of genre: what exactly is musical theatre dance? Another is auteurship: what is the role of the choreographer in shaping musicals? A third is technology, which reminds readers that choreography extends beyond human bodies. Finally, the articles all consider questions of methodology and history – how do we best study musical theatre? While there are several other areas of potential inquiry not covered in these six articles, this special issue, the first in the field to focus on dance in musical theatre, aims to help define and cohere an important subfield.