bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Una Normal y un Método. La iniciativa de Fray Matías De Córdova en Chiapas (1828)
Authors: Torres Aguilar Morelos
Published: November 2016

El artículo es producto de una investigación más amplia sobre las iniciativas de enseñanza que fueron realizadas en el Estado de Chiapas, en México, durante el siglo XIX, y se centra en la idea que dio origen a la Escuela Normal de Enseñanza Primaria, fundada en Ciudad Real por fray Matías de Córdova en 1828. El principal objetivo de la investigación consiste en conocer, describir, analizar y comprender las principales características de esta institución, así como el método de lectoescritura inventado por su fundador, el cual fue aplicado con éxito en la misma. Un segundo propósito consiste en contextualizar dicha escuela normal respecto a otras que surgieron en México durante el mismo período, como la de Oaxaca o Zacatecas. Por último, se pretende relacionar esta iniciativa con las tendencias educativas de la época, en particular con la Escuela Lancasteriana, y asimismo analizar su trascendencia.

El método utilizado consistió en una revisión documental, bibliográfica y hemerográfica sobre el tema, con el marco teórico de la historia institucional, la nueva historia de las ideas pedagógicas -a partir del planteamiento de Antonio Novoa, y un modelo hermenéutico que permitió profundizar en las características de la primera Normal de Chiapas.

A partir de la investigación se puede concluir que aunque la Normal sólo funcionó durante un corto tiempo, el método de enseñanza de Matías de Córdova que le dio fundamento tuvo una amplia trascendencia, pues se siguió empleando a lo largo del siglo XIX e incluso a principios del XX, tanto en el Estado de Chiapas como en otros lugares de México. De esta manera, la investigación aporta conocimientos relevantes sobre la historia de la educación en el Estado de Chiapas en la primera mitad del siglo XIX.
Reseñas de libros y revistas
Authors: Autores Varios
Published: November 2016

ALVARADO, Lourdes (Compiladora). El proceso de creación de la Universidad Nacional de México a través de las fuentes documentales. (México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México – Coordinación de Humanidades, Col. Sociedad y cultura. México, 2013)BÁEZ, Miryam. "Inés Sánchez de Gómez, Maestra que Trascendió en Boyacá a Medidos del Siglo XX", en La Maestra Rural en  Iberoamérica. Historia de Vida de Maestras. ( Colección Educadores Latinoamericanos), Universidad Pablo de Olavide. España, Universidad San Carlos de Guatemala, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia. Tomo VIII (2015) pp. 207-227. FRANCO, Maria Laura Publisi Barbosa. Análise de conteúdo. 3ª Edição. Brasília: Liber Livros Editora, 2008, p. 80Revista ICHAN TECOLOTL. Año 25, núm. 293 (enero, 2015): Ayotzinapa y la crisis del estado mexicano: un espacio de reflexión colectiva ante la emergencia nacional. Órgano informativo del Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social, México D.F. ISSN: 1405-1931
UJI KINERJA BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK BIJI KARET
Authors: Setyawardani Dwi Ardiana , Distantina Sperisa
Published: November 2016

Abstract: The increasing of national biodiesel-demand is not balanced with national production. Two of the reasons are using edible oil as feedstock and high production cost. Seventy percents of production cost comes from raw materials. Exploration of new crops and unexploited oil crops is needed to develop. We could use low-valued feed stocks such as unrefined vegetable oil, waste frying oil, or side product from vegetable oil hydrolysis, the fatty acids. Rubber seed is a potential feedstock for biodiesel in Indonesia, because it is one of the greatest producers in the world. Besides, rubber seed has high proportion of oil and has not been used optimally yet. By using a proper pre-treatment, we could produce high quality biodiesel.  The aim of this third-year research is to produce biodiesel in the optimum condition, and analysed it with Engine Test Bed. The optimum conditions are: acid pre-treatment (using H2SO4 on 2.5% v/v as catalyst on the ratio of  methanol to oil is 6:1, 60 oC), and the second step, alkaline (KOH) catalysed trans-esterification (which was processed in 1 hour, 2% catalyst, 50oC, on the ratio of methanol to oil is 6:1). Biodiesel was refined by settling, washing and adsorption. Based on previous research, we concluded that biodiesel from rubber seed oil with acid pre-treatment has lower carbon residue and higher flash point as the advantages. So, it was analyzed in an Engine Test Bed on this research. Biodiesel resulted better performance for B10 than petroleum diesel-fuel in lower rotation (< 2000 rpm), lower fuel-consumption and lower waste-gas flow rate.

Keywords: acid pre-treatment, biodiesel, Engine Test Bed, fatty acids, rubber seed oil
The Mathematical Analysis On The Effect Of Strong Nonlinearity On Steady-State Self-Focusing And Filamentation Of Whistlers In A Plasma
Authors: Rai Ghanshyam
Published: November 2016

A high-power Gaussian Whistler propagating in a magnatoplasma becomes self-focused because of (i) ponderomotive force and (ii) nonuniform heating nonlinearities (i) being dominant for t << T and (ii) being dominant for t > tE. On short time scale (t << tE ) whistlers of all frequencies can be focused (the self – focusing length is very large for ω=  /2 and decreases rapidly on both sides), whereas on the long time scale (t > tE) only high frequency whistlers (ω>  /2) are focused. At very high powers the plasma is depleted almost completely from the axial region and self-focusing does not occur, rather, defocusing takes place.

            A plane uniform whistler of high intensity is seen to be unstable for small scale fluctuations, i.e., it must break up into filaments in course of it propagation. The growth rate increases with decreasing scale length of perturbation and is seen to be a saturating function of power density of the beam. 
Optimizing Waterflood Management by Modeling Historical Temperature of the Water Injection Front using Distributed Temperature Sensing DTS System
Authors: Khamatdinov Rafael , Wang Xiaowei , Mostafa Ismail , Chughtai M. Ali
Published: November 2016

Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) is a technology which provides temperature measurements along a fiber-optic line at any time with accuracy within +/-1 C, resolution of 0.01-0.1 C and spatial resolution of 1 m. The DTS is applicable in various areas. Upstream, the DTS system is used for well surveillance, where fiber-optic cable is installed in the well to enable temperature monitoring across the various formations.

In the fields, with active aquifers and existing water injection systems, it is sometimes possible to distinguish injected water from the aquifer water from only salinity measurements; however, the historical allocation of water production from an aquifer and an injection system can be difficult. It is very important to understand the historical movement of the water injection front to obtain a reliable dynamic model and to be able to optimize injection / production pattern.

A new application involving a DTS system was developed by Baker Hughes: matching historical injection fronts in a reservoir simulator using temperature data from the DTS. One of the main characteristics of the injected water front is a cooler temperature compared with the reservoir temperature. The temperature change in the reservoir depends on multiple parameters, including fluid and rock thermal properties, velocity and direction of the injection front, volumes of water-swept rock and injected water, etc. The DTS system provides temperature data in time and depth, with temperature cooling anomalies attributed to the break-through of the injected water. The temperature profile from DTS should be interpreted first to identify and account for temperature perturbation caused by the Joule-Thomson effect in the wellbore. The wellbore temperature change, related to the injection fluid, then can then be supplied to the dynamic model as a history-matching parameter. The reservoir simulation is performed using temperature modeling, with objective to match the temperature anomalies in production wells caused by injection water break-through.

This paper presents a case study of the DTS temperature modeling using Baker Hughes DTS analysis software and a workflow utilizing such input for reservoir simulation. The outome of this work is a better prediction tool to perform optimization of the current injection scheme and to improve the prediction power of the dynamic model.
Checklist of Fishes at Selected Rivers around Bukit Merah Reservoir, Perak, Malaysia
Authors: Nurul Fazlinda Mohd Fadzil  , Amir Shah Ruddin Md Sah  , Mohd Shafiq Zakeyuddin  , Zarul Hazrin Hashim  , Mohd Syaiful Mohammad  , Khalid Puteh
Published: November 2016

A study was conducted at five selected rivers around Bukit Merah Reservoir, Perak, Malaysia for eight weeks in order to determine the fish diversity and distribution. A total of 28 species comprised of 9 families were identified. The study depicted that there were significant changes to the fish composition when compared to previous study which had captured 36 species due to different areas covered and different types of sampling gear used between both studies.
Early Studies on Protoplast Isolation of Ludisia discolor, A Wild Orchid
Authors: Ranjetta Poobathy  , Rahmad Zakaria  , Syed Mohd. Edzham Syed Hamzah  , Sreeramanan Subramaniam
Published: November 2016

The terrestrial Ludisia discolor, also referred to as the jewel orchid is prized for the quality of its leaves. L. discolor is known as a medicinal herb and is touted for its heat- and pathogen-resisting qualities. L. discolor is valuable in the production of both flavonoids and anthocyanins, antioxidants that are exalted in the health industry. Plant cell cultures have emerged as alternative sources of anthocyanin production. Plant protoplast cultures are used frequently in transient gene expression studies and in the establishment of callus and cell suspension cultures. Benefits of plant protoplast system include similarity to cells found in plant tissues, reproduction under controlled conditions, and prevention of masking of stress responses to previous handling techniques. A study was conducted to assess the amenability of the stem and leaves of L. discolor to protoplast isolation. The stem and leaf segments were weighed, sliced into thin layers, immersed in a digestion medium, washed and then cultured onto a recovery medium. Results indicated that the production of plant protoplasts from L. discolor may be viewed as an alternative in the generation of cell cultures and ultimately in the production of anthocyanins from the cell cultures.
Successful bilateral low dose, low volume supraclavicular block for bilateral shoulder hemiarthroplasty
Authors: Olesnicky Benjamin
Published: November 2016

We describe the case of an overweight male with uncontrolled seizures, probable obstructive sleep apnoea and early atelectasis/lower respiratory infection with poor pre‐operative pain control who presented for bilateral shoulder hemiarthroplasty due to bilateral neck of humerus fractures, presumed secondary to a grand mal seizure. Single shot bilateral low dose/low volume supraclavicular brachial plexus blocks can provide good analgesia for shoulder hemiarthroplasty with sparing of the phrenic nerve.
Staphylococcus Infection–Associated GN – Spectrum of IgA Staining and Prevalence of ANCA in a Single-Center Cohort
Authors: Satoskar Anjali A. , Suleiman Sarah , Ayoub Isabelle , Hemminger Jessica , Parikh Samir , Brodsky Sergey V. , Bott Cherri , Calomeni Edward , Nadasdy Gyongyi M. , Rovin Brad , Hebert Lee , Nadasdy Tibor
Published: November 2016

Background and objectives

Staphylococcus infection–associated GN (SAGN) is a well recognized disease entity, particularly because of the frequent IgA-dominant glomerular immunoglobulin staining on kidney biopsy. Biopsy features can resemble two other disease entities – primary IgA nephropathy and Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis – posing a diagnostic pitfall. This is clinically relevant because of the crucial difference in the therapeutic approach. The diagnosis of SAGN is further complicated by the variability in the degree of glomerular IgA (and C3) staining, the extent of electron dense immune-type deposits, and positive ANCA serology in some patients.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We performed a thorough histopathologic review of our single-center cohort of 78 culture-proven SAGN biopsies to assess the spectrum of IgA staining, prevalence of ANCA serology, prevalence of subepithelial “humps,” and other histologic features to distinguish from primary IgA nephropathy.

Results

Among the 78 SAGN biopsies, IgA staining was trace in 25%, mild in 19%, moderate in 44%, and strong in 12% of the cases. C3 was frequently moderate-to-strong but was trace in 14% of the biopsies. Concomitantly trace IgA, IgG, and C3 (pauci-immune pattern) was seen in 13%. Crescents were present in 35% of the SAGN biopsies. Out of 41 patients tested for ANCA, nine (22%) were positive, including patients with endocarditis and other infections. Subepithelial humps were identified in only 31% of the SAGN biopsies.

Conclusions

SAGN biopsies show marked variability in IgA immunofluorescence staining and low frequency of subepithelial humps compared with poststreptococcal GN. Occasional ANCA positivity is present in cases of SAGN, even in infections other than endocarditis. Therefore, biopsy diagnosis can be difficult particularly when clinical symptoms of infection are subtle. Both the pathologist and the nephrologist should be aware of these diagnostic pitfalls.
Update on Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Almaani Salem , Meara Alexa , Rovin Brad H.
Published: November 2016

SLE is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the kidneys in about 50% of patients. Lupus nephritis is a major risk factor for overall morbidity and mortality in SLE, and despite potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapies still ends in CKD or ESRD for too many patients. This review highlights recent updates in our understanding of disease epidemiology, genetics, pathogenesis, and treatment in an effort to establish a framework for lupus nephritis management that is patient-specific and oriented toward maintaining long-term kidney function in patients with lupus.
The Cop21 Process from the Point of View of the Social Sciences
Authors: Lane Jan-Erik
Published: November 2016

Thus far, all the debate about climate change in the myriad of UN conferences and special meetings has been about the application of the theories of the natural sciences to the global warming phenomena. Now, that there is a decision by the governments of the world countries to go ahead with a radical decarbonisation policy in the 21st century, the lessons from the social science theories must be taken into account. The COP21 project is a case of policy implementation, but implementation is difficult. Greenhouse Gases (GHG) like CO2:s stem from the anthropogenic sources of carbon emissions from the factors that drives not only the universe but also all social systems, viz. energy. This article spells out the energy-emissions conundrum of mankind.
The use of fan scrapers: Microwear evidence from Late Pottery Neolithic and Early Bronze Age, Ein Zippori, Israel
Authors: Yerkes Richard W. , Barkai Ran , Gopher Avi , Zutovski Katia
Published: November 2016

The results of a microwear analysis of samples of fan scrapers and fan scrapers spalls from late Pottery Neolithic (PN) and Early Bronze Age (EBA) occupation layers at Ein Zippori, Lower Galilee, Israel are presented. The goal of the microwear analysis was to determine the function of the fan scrapers and compare the visible usewear on the scrapers found in late PN and EBA lithic assemblages. The results indicate that during both periods most of the fan scrapers were used to skin and butcher animals, while some were also used for hide processing and bone working. The working edges of the fan scrapers had sharp, moderate, or steep edge-angles, and different edges were used for different tasks. Edges with microwear from scraping meat, bone, and hides (including some hides that may have been treated with abrasives) had steep edge-angles, while there were moderate or sharp edge-angles on the edges of fan scrapers used for cutting. Two sub-types of fan scrapers were identified, flat cortex fan scrapers (FCFS), and cortical fan scrapers (CFS) with convex dorsal faces. The CFS were abundant in PN contexts, while the FCFS were more common in EBA layers. However both of the sub-types had similar microwear traces.
Clovis intentional bifacial overshot flaking: Two replica examples
Authors: Bradley Bruce Arlan
Published: November 2016

Understanding flaking technologies has become an important aspect for flaked stone analyses and interpretations. Experiments are increasingly being used to investigate aspects of technology. One of these aspects is the existence of a technique known as overshot flaking. While most researchers recognize that it happened some assert that it was an intentional technique unique to Solutrean and Clovis archaeological cultures. Others have disputed this assertion and have concluded that it was not a useful technique and therefore unintentional. This small study experimentally examines two reduction sequences that employed intentional overshot flaking and evaluates its usefulness. The conclusion is that it is a useful technique, for a number of reasons, and that it was intentionally employed in some past biface production strategies.
Modified Caesar Cipher Using Rectangular Method for Enhanced Security
Authors: Verma Priya , Singh Gaba Gurjot , Monga Himanshu
Published: November 2016

The most challenging area in today’s era is security over the network because now days all the industrialists, corporate sectors shares their precious information through internet. Researchers have designed various encryption techniques like Caesar cipher, play fair cipher, hill cipher, one time pad cipher, alpine cipher etc. to secure the information. Caesar cipher gets easily affected from any brute force attacker. By considering the cons of the existing Caesar cipher, a new technique is proposed in this paper which enhances its strength and puts stronger impact on the cipher text result which makes difficulty for a brute force attacker to determine the original plaintext back.
Design and Simulation of a Microcontroller Based Loudspeaker Protection System Against Amplifier Direct Current (D.C) Offsets
Authors: Ogunseye Abiodun , Olusanya Olamide Omolara
Published: November 2016

A number of failure mechanisms can result in the damage of loudspeakers that are directly connected to an audio power amplifier system. One of such failure modes occurs when the amplifier circuit develops an output d.c voltage, in which case, the loudspeaker coil will be damaged by overheating. D.c offset detection circuits, usually based on simple transistor circuits are normally used to protect the loudspeaker against this failure mode. However, as effective as they are, these circuits can fail in ways that can result in loudspeaker damage. In this work, a microcontroller based circuit that monitors the critical components of a loudspeaker d.c detection circuit, namely the switching transistor and the isolating relay circuit was developed. The hardware of the developed circuit was modelled with Proteus® software and its firmware was written using MikroC® software. The modelled circuit successfully detects the presence of d.c signals and also reports the states of the isolating relay and the switching transistors when these components fail.
Medical management of spinal epidural empyema in five dogs
Authors: Monteiro Susana R. Monforte , Gallucci Antonella , Rousset Nicolas , Freeman Paul M. , Ives Edward J. , Gandini Gualtiero , Granger Nicolas , Vanhaesebrouck An E.
Published: November 2016

CASE DESCRIPTION 5 dogs were examined because of clinical signs of myelopathy, including signs of pain associated with the spinal region and rapidly progressive neurologic deficits.

CLINICAL FINDINGS In all dogs, results of MRI were consistent with spinal epidural empyema. Concurrent infectious processes were identified at adjacent or distant sites in all dogs, including diskospondylitis, prostatitis, dermatitis, paraspinal infection following a penetrating injury, urinary tract infection, and pyothorax. Bacteria were isolated from 3 dogs; Escherichia coli was isolated from blood, urine, and prostatic wash samples from 1 dog; a Pasteurella sp was isolated from a percutaneous aspirate from an adjacent infected wound in a second dog; and a Corynebacterium sp was isolated from a thoracic fluid sample from a third dog. For the remaining 2 dogs, results of bacterial culture were negative.

TREATMENT AND OUTCOME All dogs showed clinical improvement within 2 weeks after initiation of antimicrobial treatment, and all had an excellent long-term outcome.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE In dogs, spinal epidural empyema has previously been regarded as a surgical emergency. Findings for dogs in the present report suggested that, as is the case for humans, selected dogs with spinal epidural empyema may be successfully managed with medical treatment alone.
Articulation langue 1- langue 2 dans le répertoire langagier des élèves inscrits en programme immersif : quelles ressources lexicales pour les cours de sciences ?
Authors: Babault Sophie , Markey Michael
Published: November 2016

Cet article présente les résultats d’une étude visant à analyser chez des élèves inscrits en programme immersif les modalités d’articulation entre, d’une part, contenus lexicaux et contenus conceptuels et, d’autre part, L1, langue de communication familiale, et L2, langue de scolarisation. Après une mise au point sur l’état de la recherche à ce sujet, les résultats de l’analyse quantitative et qualitative sont présentés. L’expérimentation a été réalisée auprès de six classes d’élèves belges francophones de 5e année d’école primaire. L’échantillon pris en compte est constitué de 54 élèves inscrits dans un programme immersif et de 50 élèves, constituant le groupe témoin, inscrits dans un programme classique d’une école de la même commune.
Connected Vehicle–Based Adaptive Signal Control and Applications
Authors: Feng Yiheng , Zamanipour Mehdi , Head K. Larry , Khoshmagham Shayan
Published: November 2016

Basic signal operation strategies allocate green time to different traffic movements to control the flow at an intersection. Signal control applications consider different objectives, such as coordination with multiple intersections, multimodal priority, and safety. Real-time signal control applications rely mainly on infrastructure-based detection data. With the emergence of connected vehicle technology, high-resolution data from connected vehicles will become available for signal control. This paper presents a framework that uses connected vehicle data for adaptive signal control and considers dilemma zone protection, multimodal signal priority, and coordination. Initially, the market penetration rate of connected vehicles will be low, so infrastructure-based detector actuation logic is integrated into the framework to improve performance. Simulation analysis demonstrated good results when the penetration rate was medium to high and that the actuation logic was necessary when the penetration rate was low.
Automated Turning Movement Counts for Shared Lanes: Leveraging Vehicle Detection Data
Authors: Santiago-Chaparro Kelvin R. , Chitturi Madhav , Bill Andrea , Noyce David A.
Published: November 2016

Turning movement count data (i.e., vehicle volumes broken down by movement, approach, and time periods) are the foundation of signal performance evaluations and a crucial component of a data-driven decision-making process used by transportation agencies. In this paper, the authors show how data available from intersections equipped with radar-based vehicle detection can be used to produce turning movement counts. A classification algorithm developed and discussed by the authors is capable of producing turning movement counts regardless of lane configuration and without the need for definition of detection zones. The algorithm works by using the data produced by vehicle detection systems that go unused and are never communicated to the signal controller. The nature of the data collection process makes the algorithm independent of the controller used. Results from the algorithm are promising; an average error of −0.26 vehicles per 15-min count period (absolute error of 2.31 vehicles) was obtained with the algorithm. Furthermore, the application of the algorithm provides an opportunity beyond signal operations. Processed trajectory data and results from the algorithm could be used to break the boundary that often exists between operations, planning, and safety, and thus show how a monitoring system that relies on the algorithm could help a traffic monitoring program meet the different—and sometimes competing—interests of agencies.
Assessing Longitudinal Arterial Performance and Traffic Signal Retiming Outcomes
Authors: Lavrenz Steven M. , Day Christopher M. , Smith W. Benjamin , Sturdevant James R. , Bullock Darcy M.
Published: November 2016

Agencies often find it difficult to justify investments in active traffic management. Historically, it has been a challenge to obtain data that would help make the case for those investments. Although new data sources have emerged recently, there remains very little documentation of the potential long-term benefits from signal retiming using associated performance measures. This paper presents a use case for an active traffic management strategy on a signalized corridor over a 5-year period, during which traffic volumes increased by approximately 36% and offset optimization was performed every 2 to 3 years. Despite the considerable volume growth, the number of vehicles arriving on green increased by more than 41%, and the percentage of vehicles arriving on green increased by 10%, a gain of 6 percentage points. Furthermore, drivers experienced an average of 5% reduction in travel time and travel time reliability costs after each optimization. The retiming resulted in a 5-year net present value of approximately $3.7 million and a benefit–cost ratio of 52. Agencies can use these strategies to quantitatively assess how traffic performance and signal timing degrade over time, in a manner similar to physical infrastructure assets. The results highlight the benefits and associated business case of adopting a long-term active traffic management strategy that is based on data-driven performance monitoring and decision making.
Optimal Cycle-Length Formulas for Intersections With or Without Transit Signal Priority
Authors: Wolput Bart , Christofa Eleni , Tampère Chris M. J.
Published: November 2016

Webster’s formula for optimal green split and cycle length is a common way to optimize signal settings at signalized intersections. However, these equations are intended to be used for optimizing signal timing plans for fixed-time isolated intersections, balancing phase utilization and minimizing car delay for undersaturated conditions. These formulas are less appropriate for near-saturated and oversaturated conditions because of the asymptotical behavior of the cycle-length formula when the intersection flow ratio approaches one. These formulas were not conceived for operation under transit signal priority (TSP) strategies. The main objective of this paper is to develop formulas for the optimal cycle length that can be applied when mild TSP strategies, such as green extension or green extension with phase rotation, are implemented or when the intersection operates under near-saturated or oversaturated conditions. A formula for optimal cycle length is developed as a function of lost time and intersection flow ratio. The formula is applicable both with and without TSP. It appears that for green split, no new formulas are required because the Webster equisaturation approach is close to optimal. The cycle-length formula is validated for undersaturated, near-saturated, and oversaturated conditions with and without TSP for two-, three-, and four-phase signalized intersections. Compared with Webster’s formula, the proposed formula shows a significant improvement in reducing person delay. Compared with Webster’s formula, average person delay is 6%, 17%, and 22% less and average bus delay is 16%, 27%, and 35% less for two-, three- and four-phase signalized intersections, respectively.
Pricing and Segmentation of Stochastic Demand in Less-Than-Truckload Combinatorial Bids
Authors: Mesa-Arango Rodrigo , Ukkusuri Satish V.
Published: November 2016

A bidding advisory model for less-than-truckload combinatorial auctions with stochastic demand is proposed. The context of less-than-truckload combinatorial auctions is formulated and the first less-than-truckload bidding model is proposed; truckload models are improved by bidding with value-based pricing, volume segmentation, and uncertain demand and capacity. The less-than-truckload bidding model efficiently solves stochastic minimum-cost flow problems to construct profitable bids. Numerical experiments demonstrate its application and benefits.
Solving Continuous Network Design Problem with Generalized Geometric Programming Approach
Authors: Du Bo , Wang David Z. W.
Published: November 2016

To satisfy growing travel demand and reduce traffic congestion, the continuous network design problem (CNDP) is often proposed to optimize road network performance by the expansion of road capacity. In the determination of the equilibrium travel flow pattern, equilibrium principles such as deterministic user equilibrium (DUE) and stochastic user equilibrium (SUE) may be applied to describe travelers’ route choice behavior. Because of the different mathematical formulation structures for the CNDP with DUE and SUE principles, most of the existing solution algorithms have been developed to solve the CNDP for either DUE or SUE. In this study, a more general solution method is proposed by applying the generalized geometric programming (GGP) approach to obtain the global optimal solution of the CNDP with both DUE and SUE principles. Specifically, the original CNDP problem is reformulated into a GGP form, and then a successive monomial approximation method is employed to transform the GGP formulation into a standard geometric programming form, which can be cast into an equivalent nonlinear but convex optimization problem whose global optimal solution can be guaranteed and solved by many existing solution algorithms. Numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the solution method.
Parallel All-Pairs Shortest Path Algorithm: Network Decomposition Approach
Authors: Abdelghany Khaled , Hashemi Hossein , Alnawaiseh Ala
Published: November 2016

The all-pairs shortest path algorithms compute the shortest paths between all node pairs in a network. This paper presents a parallel algorithm for the all-pairs shortest path problem with a network decomposition approach. The algorithm decomposes the network into a set of independent augmented directed acyclic subnetworks that can be efficiently processed in parallel. The shortest path computation for each subnetwork provides a subset of the all-pairs shortest paths in the original network. The superiority of the new algorithm was verified through comparing its performance against that of the parallel single-origin shortest path algorithm. The execution times were compared for hypothetical and real-world networks with different sizes. A percentage of improvement in the execution time of about 50% was recorded for the transportation network of a large metropolitan area.
Use of Concepts of Regret and Disappointment to Model Dynamic Route Choice Behavior Under Uncertainty
Authors: Schneider de Carvalho Elaine , Rasouli Soora , Timmermans Harry
Published: November 2016

This paper reports progress in developing a dynamic disappointment- and regret-based route choice model that incorporates the learning of uncertain travel times. Numerical simulations were conducted to measure the effects of varying travel time distributions of available routes, parameters for sensitivity to regret and disappointment, and initial guesses that travelers have for the routes’ travel times. Four simulation scenarios were explored. Of the varied inputs, the interaction between the travel time distribution of the routes and the magnitudes of the parameters for regret and disappointment was what affected shares more strongly. It was found that disappointment-averse travelers preferred routes with lower variability, even if the average travel times were higher. Regret-averse travelers, however, took both the mean and variance of the routes into consideration for making decisions and preferred routes with higher chances of generating lower outcomes, even if their variabilities were high. For the number of iterations adopted, no direct effect was found from varying the initial priors on the shares, although narrow distributions for the initial guesses may strongly affect learning and, therefore, indirectly affect shares.
Review of the Mechanism and Operational Factors Influencing the Degradation Process of Contaminants in Heterogenous Photocatalysis
Authors: Aziz Nurul Aiin Ab , Palaniandy Puganeshwary , Aziz Hamidi Abdul , Dahlan Irvan
Published: November 2016

This paper presents a review of the principles and mechanisms involved in the process of heterogenous photocatalysis. The goal of photocatalysis is to remove persistent organic pollutants as well as microorganisms present in contaminated water. With the help of a semiconductor photocatalyst, solar photons are utilised to generate electron–hole pairs in the oxidation process, forming hydroxyl and superoxide radicals. There are several types of semiconductor photocatalyst available, the most widely used being titanium dioxide (TiO2). The effects of various operating factors influencing the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants, such as pH, catalyst concentration, substrate concentration, light intensity and wavelength, and oxidising agents are discussed. Heterogenous photocatalysis technology has been used in wastewater treatment during the last decade, and has been growing in efficiency ever since. From previous studies of different applications, it will be shown that this process is simple, cost-effective, sustainable and environmentally friendly. However, there are some minor disadvantages associated with its use in water purification, which are presented in this paper.
Comparative Study on Physicochemical and Biological Parameters of Water among Fish Culture and Reconstructed Pond at Jahangirnagar University Campus, Bangladesh
Authors: Lucy RS , Huda ME , Islam SMD
Published: November 2016

The study was conducted to investigate the physicochemical and biological parameters of fish culture and reconstructed pond at Jahangirnagar university campus. The physicochemical parameters of water in culture and reconstructed pond were analyzed during February to September, 2014 and the mean value of temperature were 30.21±0.89 ºC and 29.96±0.91 ºC, pH value were 7.20±0.29 and 6.97±0.39, Dissolve Oxygen (DO) value were 6.44±0.40mg-1 and 6.22±0.30mg-1, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) value were 1.02±0.32mg-1 and 0.78±0.18mg-1, Total Dissolve Solid (TDS) were 0.69±0.04mg-1 and 0.64±0.04mg-1, Electric Conductivity (EC) value were 215.38±21.27?Scm-1 and 128.58±1.10?Scm-1. From the study of biological parameter, it was found that Chlorophyceae and Euglenophyceae were dominant in studied ponds and the abundance of phytoplankton are in the order of Chlorophyceae >Euglenophyceae > Bacillariophyceae > Cyanophyceae. The highest productivity was found in culture pond which indicates the suitability of using for aquaculture.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(1): 1-7 2016
Effect of Sodium Chloride on Growth and Development of Sodium Accumulating Halophytes in Saline Water
Authors: Hosen MML , Islam MS , Uddin MN , Haque KA , Islam MS
Published: November 2016

Effect of NaCl on nutrient uptake was observed from a phytodesalination study by three abundantly grown sodium accumulating halophytes namely, Kalmilata (Ipomoea aquatica), Malancha (Alternanthera philoxeroides) and Kesordam (Ludwigia adscendens L.). A 45 days hydroponic experiment was conducted with these halophytes treated with 0, 3, 5 and 7 dS m-1 salt added from the sodium chloride (NaCl). After analyzing water and plant parts, it was observed that potassium (K) and phosphorus (P) uptake were increased by plants and less effect on calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and chloride (Cl-) uptake due to added NaCl. Simultaneously the biomass content increased in Kalmilata rather than Malancha and Kesordam. So non-altered nutritional status makes these halophytes suitable for vegetable, fodder and forages use after phytodesalination of saline water.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(1): 9-15 2016
Residual Effect of Green Manure on the Growth and Yield of BRRI dhan28
Authors: Islam MR , Ryhana Z , Hoque MA , Huda A , Begum MLN
Published: November 2016

Green manuring is a promising technology to enrich soils with organic matter especially with nitrogen to boost up rice production. An experiment was, therefore, conducted at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during boro season of 2013 to evaluate the residual effect of Sesbania green manure on the growth and yield of BRRI dhan28. There were nine treatments laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The results demonstrate that the treatment T8 containing 75% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) and green manure incorporated at 70 DAS produced the highest grain yield of 4967 kg ha-1 and straw yield of 5359 kg ha-1. The lowest grain yield (4208 kg ha-1) and straw yield (4352 kg ha-1) were recorded for the treatment T1 (GM incorporated at 40 DAS + 50% RD of NF). Green manure exerted significant residual effect on grain N uptake, straw N uptake and total N uptake of BRRI dhan28. The residual effect of green manure was the higher in producing rice yields in treatments with the application of 75% of recommended N fertilizer with green manure incorporated at 50 or 70 DAS.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(1): 35-40 2016
Growth and Economic Performances of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) Culture in South-West Coastal Region of Bangladesh
Authors: Samad MA , Paul AK , Haque MR , Ferdaushy H
Published: November 2016

The growth performance of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Deman,1879) under different stocking densities was conducted under three treatments each with three replications namely T1: 10m-2 T2: 12m-2; T3: 14m-2 for a period of six months from April to September, 2012 in 9 experimental ponds in Terokhada Upazilla under Khulna district. Supplementary feeds (mustard oil cake (20%), wheat bran (20%), rice bran (20%), fish meal (25%) and maize bran(15%) were used for all stocked individual. Water quality parameters and growth performances were monitored monthly. The mean values of water temperature, transparency, dissolve O2, pH and salinity were varied from 28.88 ± 0.161±oC(T2) to 31.32 ± 0.97±oC (T1), 29.73 ± 0.34cm(T1) to 32.70 ± 0.28cm(T2), 5.33 ± 0.184mg-1(T3) to 6.17 ± 0.13 mg-1 (T1), 6.52 ± 0.205(T2)to 6.79 ± 0.18(T1) and 13.75 ± 0.16(T2) to 15.22 ± 0.20(T1). The weight gain of Macrobrachium rosenbergii were 59.79± 0.15 g(T1), 50.86±0.14g(T2),48.78±0.12g(T3).The survival rate (%) of M. rosenbergii were 75.02±0.577 (T1), 66.66±0.88 (T2), 61.01±0.577(T3) respectively. Yields (Kg ha-1 6 month-1) Macrobrachium rosenbergii were 2302.04kg (T1), 1768.52 kg (T2), 1393.808 kg (T3) respectively. Total cost 656000 ± 17480 Tk ha-1 (T1), 596120 ± 4520 Tk ha-1 (T2) and 549100 ± 9440 Tk ha-1 (T3) respectively and total return of different treatments T1, T2 and T3 were 1492400 ± 12800 Tk ha-1, 1078200 ± 11930 Tk ha-1 and 806480 ± 9190 Tk ha-1 respectively. Net benefit were 801900 ± 7340 Tk ha-1, 49400± 5930 Tk/ha and 288600 ± 13240 Tk ha-1 in T1, T2, T3 treatments respectively. From these findings, it could be concluded that highest yield was achieved from T1 and lowest in T3 which was significantly (P<0.05) different among the treatments where stocking density were less than other treatments.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(1): 53-57 2016
Prospects of Commercial Date Plum Cultivation in the Environmental Settings of Bangladesh
Authors: Khan MNH , Hassan MR
Published: November 2016

Agriculture is the single largest producing sector of the economy in Bangladesh. It has a big opportunity to cultivate commercial varieties of Date in the agriculture sector where rice, potato, pulses, wheat etc. are the principal food crops. The present study was conducted to find out the prospects of commercial Date cultivation in the environment of Bangladesh. Date palms are distributed between 10 °N and 39 °N latitude in the northern hemisphere. Date palms require an arid climate with an average temperature between 25°C to 32°C and a sufficient water supply. The environment of Bangladesh complies with the climatic factors in the various date growing areas in the world.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(1): 63-66 2016
Density-dependent Growth of Endangered Labeo bata (Hamilton, 1822) in Nursery Ponds
Authors: Samad MA , Rasid MM , Haque MR , Paul AK , Ferdaushy H
Published: November 2016

The effect of stocking density on growth performance and survival rate of endangered Labeo bata, was conducted in nursery ponds from 14th June to 13th August, 2013. Three different stocking densities viz. 500, 600 and 700 piece-1 decimal were assigned as treatment T1, T2 and T3, respectively. The initial average weight of L. bata was 0.15±008 g. Hatchlings in all the nursery ponds were fed indigenous feed (26.95% crude protein) for 8 weeks. Temperature, ammonia nitrogen, pH had no significant differences (P<0.05). Final weight (g) was found to be the highest (4.06±0.06) in T1 and the lowest (3.20±0.03) in T3. The mean values of weight gain (g) was the highest (3.91±0.06) in T1 and the lowest (3.05±0.03) in T3. SGR was highest (5.49±0.02) in T1 and lowest (5.09±0.02) in T3. Yet again, survival rate was highest (70.33±0.88) in T1 where stocking density was the lowest among those aforementioned three treatments and lowest (61.00±0.58) in T3 where the stocking density was the highest among the treatments. And finally production (kg-1ha) was found highest (352.66±4.42) in T1 and lowest (337.50±3.19) in T3. Rearing of the Labeo bata fry in those three different stocking densities showed significant (p<0.05) variation both in highest survival and growth performance. Overall production of L. bata in treatment T1 was significantly higher than that of the other two treatments T2 and T3. Despite of this, consistently higher CBR was found from treatments T1 (1:1.78) than from treatment T2 (1:1.25) and T3 (1:1.06).J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(1): 67-73 2016
Effects of Water Quality Parameters on Abundance and Biomass of Zooplankton in Merbok Estuary Malaysia
Authors: Fatema K , Omar WMW , Isa MM , Omar A
Published: November 2016

Influence of water quality parameters on zooplankton abundance and biomass in the Merbok estuary Malaysia were investigated. Twenty four hours sampling were conducted at station 1, 3 and 5 from 12th November (spring tide) to 3rd December (neap tide) 2011 on weekly interval. Results showed that water quality parameters varied with the following ranges: conductivity (10.00-315.00?S-1cm), transparency (25.50-154.00 cm), light intensity (53.5-1959.00 lux), TSS (20-70 mg-1L), BOD (0.25-3.46 mg-1L) and chl a (0.1-1.46 ?g-1L). The highest zooplankton abundance was found at Station 5 (176×103) and (230×103) ind-3m and the lowest was at station 1(5.3×103) and (3.4 ×103) ind-3m during spring and neap tide. Zooplankton biomass varied from 0.04 to 0.096 gm-3m. Spearmans rank correlation analysis results showed that there was a correlation among zooplankton abundance and conductivity, transparency, TSS, BOD, and biomass except chl and light intensity. Mann-Whitney U test result showed that water quality parameters, zooplankton abundance and zooplankton biomass were significantly different between spring and neap tides.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(1): 117-122 2016
Changing Population of Aphidius colemani in Relation to Environmental Factors
Authors: Ahmad M , Das KR , Noguchi H Kato , Islam AKMM
Published: November 2016

Morphometric and meristic characters and truss measurements of 32 Monopterus cuchia, and of 17 Ophisternon bengalense were compared to know the population status of two fresh water eels of Bangladesh. The mean numbers of line below head were significantly different between two species. Significant differences were observed in 11 morphometric characters: Pre dorsal length (PDL), Post dorsal length (PoDL), Post anal length (PoAL), Head length (HL), Snout length (SnL), Upper jaw length (UJL), Lower jaw length (LJL), Head width (HW), Pre orbital length (PrOrL), Least body diameter (LBD) and Highest body diameter (HBD) and one truss measurement (3-5) between two species in varying degrees. For both morphometric and landmark measurements, the first and second DF (discriminant function) accounted 64.8% and 33.2% of among group variability, explaining 98% of total group variability. M. cuchia collected from Mymensingh and from Dinajpur constructed one sub-cluster and O. bengalense collected from Sathkhira and from Bagerhat constructed another sub-cluster based on the Distance of squared Euclidean dissimilarity. A correct classification of individuals into their original population from leave-one-out-classification varied between 93.3% and 94.1% by discriminant analysis. The results of the present study suggested that there was limited intermingling among populations and the populations of the species were separated from one another.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(1): 139-141 2016
Water Supply and Sanitation Status of Haryzon Polly Dwellers at Natunbazar Area in Mymensingh District
Authors: Rana S , Ghosh HK , Sattar MA , MA MA
Published: November 2016

Information was collected from various respondents through survey using prescribed questionnaire in Haryzon Polly area at Natun Bazar located under Sadar Upazila in Mymensingh district. It was found that about 56% people were dependent on deep tube-well water for their daily household purpose. The remaining 44% was dependent on tap water supply. According to the respondents, deep tube wells water were mostly used (98%) for drinking purpose and remaining 2% was used by tap water. Of them supply water was used in toilet purpose by 71% and deep tube-well water by 29%. Most of the people of Haryzon Polly at Natunbazar in Mymensingh district were conscious regarding sanitation, but a large portion of them were unaware of safe hygiene. The people dump children feces 60% in open places. Seventeen percentage children did not have any proper knowledge about sanitation. Most of the people have no proper training about sanitation. The survey also indicated that the overall hygienic condition of the respondents and sanitation condition of study area were poor in Haryzon Polly area at Natun Bazar, where both sanitary and hygiene condition were found to be acceptable condition.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(1): 143-146 2016