bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RISK MANAGEMENT OF MOBILE CHANNEL IN TRAVEL INDUSTRY
Authors: Wei Su Huang
Published: August 2018

Mobile channel, like Uber or Airbnb, may lead to both cost-efficiency and flexibility, but it also inevitably triggers a certain degree of cost exposure. Unfortunately, there is little objective, scientific research focused on evaluating the risks that result from information exchange among mobile channels. In this study, the Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) were employed to identify and evaluate the risks of mobile channel business. This research finds â€œJurisdictionâ€, â€œagreement and contractâ€, and â€œSocial engineeringâ€ are the top three risk management factors. Especially in Taiwan, the law issue is the biggest rock on the road now. Collaborative consumption is a new inevitable business model, how to govern and constitute a legal environment is an unavoidable responsibility to our legislators.
Comparative analysis of Performance Efficiency of U-fone Compare with Mobilink
Authors: Memon Mohammad Salih
Published: August 2018

The current research investigates the performance efficiency of U-fone compare with Mobilink. Data were both primary as well as secondary data. Secondary data related to industry was collected from web sites, pilot study, survey, newspaper, PTA Annual report, magazines and reports for generating awareness on the topic and for satisfying objectives of the study. To collect primary data a field survey was conducted with the help of structured interview schedule. Various demographic variables were considered and the questionnaire was tested. The respondents being the adopters of mobile phones are selected for conducting survey, the sample I choose to conduct the survey is based on 50, out of 50 I got the response from 40 on which statistical data analysis is based in this report. It was revealed that Mobilink Network Coverage whereas people are not satisfied with Ufone Network CoveragePeople use Mobilink are not satisfied with the call rates set by Mobilink, whereas the people using Ufone are much satisfied with the call rates set by Ufone.Mostly people use Ufone because of packages.Â  The ratio of Mobilink users who attracts towards other network by watching ads is higher than Ufone users.Ufone attracts people more by advertisement of different packages as compare toÂ  Mobilink.The ratio of satisfied customers is higher in Mobilink.Ufone introduce more innovative services like Call block, Utunes, HisaabSms and etc.Most of the people viewed that CRM (Customer Relationship Management) of Ufone is not effective as Mobilink.
Mapping Issues of Textile Industry of Pakistan with Trade Policy Framework
Authors: Memon Mohammad Salih , Sattar Shah Abdul , Ali Jariko Mushtaque , Rahat Mr. Sarmad , Muhammad Shaikh Faiz
Published: August 2018

The current research investigates Mapping Issues of Textile Industry of Pakistan with Trade Policy Framework.Â  Data were collected from Primary as well as secondary sources It is a statistical research technique in decision making that is used for the selection of a limited number of tasks that produce significant overall effect. It separates the few major problems from the many possible problems. It is named after Vilfredo Pareto, a 19th-century Italian economist. It can summarize all types of data. It can be applied to almost anything.Â  It was revealedÂ  that fourÂ  issues may be solved by the Government through trade policy of Pakistan as shown in figure 7-12 below. First and issue that in the international Markets Preferential Treatment is provided to the competitors and the second issue about Imposition of Anti-dumping duties on Pakistanâ€™s exports may be solved by Rationalizing Tariff Protection Policy (TPP) High tariff protection maintained over a period of time tends to erode competitiveness and affects consumer welfare. Therefore to protect Industry from High Tariffs, Ministry of Commerce will adopt some guiding principles to create a competitive environment that caters for dual aspects of providing level playing field for Pakistani firms in international markets; By Signing Favorable international agreements, Promote competitive markets in Pakistan, Ensure conformity to international agreements and practices, Promote domestic and foreign investment, Create level playing field for Pakistani firms in international as well as domestic markets, Due consideration to consumer welfare, Cater to the changing needs of Pakistanâ€™s economy and create an enabling environment to pursue the legitimate goal of Industrialization in Pakistan. Due to the prompt implementation of the above policy measure by Government on 12th December 2013 European Union granted GSP-Plus status to Pakistan, It gives exporters duty-free access to 27 European countries. GSP (Generalized system of Preference) is exemption of WTO member countries from tariffs by considering as a least developed nation and granted till 2017. It is a chance to export more than US$1 billion worth of products and earn profits of more than Rs1 trillion per year.
Statistical Correlation on Internal Issues of Spinning Textile industry in Pakistan
Authors: Memon Mohammad Salih , Sattar Shah Abdul , Roshah Shah Rashdi Pir , Munir Ahmadani Dr.Muhammad , Rahat Mr. Sarmad
Published: August 2018

This research investigates the Statistical Correlation on Internal Issues of SpinningÂ Data were collected from Primary as well as secondary sources It is a statistical research technique in decision making that is used for the selection of a limited number of tasks that produce significant overall effect. It separates the few major problems from the many possible problems. It is named after Vilfredo Pareto, a 19th-century Italian economist. It was revealed that Textile spinning sector detail of analysis performed for reducing a huge number of issues explored from textile industry of Pakistan in the era of trade liberalization. The research in this part of framework starts by conducting a survey of the textile industry of Pakistan for the collection of data through questionnaire consisted of the explored issues. The data collected through survey is then used to perform Pareto analysis and bring up the prioritized issues after reducing them by using statistical tool SPSS. Then statistical Correlation is performed on the prioritized issues reduced through Pareto analysis to find the level of relationship among these issues, so by solving one issue the other may routinely be solved.
Statistical Correlation on Internal Issues of Garment Textile industry in Pakistan
Authors: Memon Mohammad Salih , Sattar Shah Abdul , Ali Khowaja Imdad , Munir Ahmadani Muhammad
Published: August 2018

This research investigates the Statistical Correlation on Internal Issues of Spinning Textile industry in Pakistan.Â  Data were collected from various primary as well as secondary sources. It was revealed that Â after performing Pareto analysis the output shows total counts equivalent to 1853. As it is suggested to take about 80% to solve the overall issues but here the 80% is between 7th and 8th issue. Therefore it is decided to take about 75% through which 7 issues may be selected as shown in the Pareto chart 6-8. However 8 issues are equal to 1482 which is about 84%.Â  Government of Pakistan should formulate the policy that above issues can be resolve.
E-VOTING: SUCCESS AND FAILURES. LESSON FOR AFRICA
Authors: AYAWLI BEN BEKLISI KWAME , AYAWLI BEN BEKLISI KWAME , SAMUEL KWOFIE KOJO , DOTSE STEPHEN KOFI
Published: August 2018

This study investigated the factors leading to e-voting adoption successes and failures. Secondary data on e-voting adoption across the world was used in this study.Results indicate that concerns about accuracy, lack of trust, lack of secrecy of votes, lack of verifiability, secrecy of source codes and lack of support from political parties are among the factors leading to failure in e-voting adoption and it vary from country to country.The findings of this study can help in the determination of the necessary factors for the successful and sustainable adoption of e-voting system.
John Rawls Theory of Justice: Lessons for Eastern Libya
Authors: Masoud Najeb
Published: August 2018

Libya is a developing country and it has a unique culture, as any other country, with a significant position as the second largest oil producer in Africa. It has experienced dynamic changes over a short period of time. The aim of this study is to investigate the collapse of Gadhafiâ€™s regime in Libya has opened up space for new regional tensions over greater economic power and political representation, with hydrocarbon resources often used as a bargaining chip. There have been severe tensions surrounding the possible relocation of the headquarters of the National Oil Corporation (NOC) from Tripoli to Benghazi. The excessive oil profits are being taken away by foreign oil companies. Apart from that the foreign oil companies collude with corrupt government officials to disobey environmental laws. In the light of these problems, the thesis argued that Libyaâ€™s oil resource is nothing but a curse and not a blessing. The situation has gone from bad to worse because too much emphasis has been placed on long term measures instead of short-term solutions. This is not more than scratching the surface while the substance of the problem is left untouched.To achieve the aim and particular objectives of the study it was necessary to utilize more than one research method. Firstly, a descriptive method is used to provide an overview of accounting and its environment in a developing country, and the economic, social and political environment in Libya. Secondly, we choose John Rawls method of justice because it is designed to provide proposals which people cannot reasonable reject if they are committed to advance the welfare of everyone. In particular, it seeks to map the current idea which will be to develop short-term measures that no member of the current conflicts can reasonably object.The content analysis showed that the Libyan government can approach the Eastern Libya oil crisis in a short-term course. The study argued that short-term justice will help to provide the immediate needs of tens of millions of neglected and impoverished citizens of Eastern Libya region in the meantime while the government continue to work on long-term solutions to her problems.Â  The findings from the method of justice as propounded by John Rawls to produce specific short-term solutions that will solve the problem of economic injustice, political marginalization, social conflicts, and revenue distribution imbroglio.
Tacit to Tacit Knowledge Sharing using ICT In Higher Education
Authors: Toro Prof. Ms. Ulka , Joshi Dr. Milind
Published: August 2018

The creation and transfer of tacit to tacit knowledge is very important in higher education. Tacit knowledge is non-linguistic, non-numerical form of knowledge that is highly personal and context specific and deeply rooted in individual experiences, ideas, values and emotions. Since tacit knowledge cannot be specified in detail and is revealed through practice, it cannot be transmitted by prescription but can be transferred only by example or observation. Nonakaâ€™s SECI model emphasizes on tacit to tacit knowledge called as socialization. Higher education institutions are main knowledge intensive organizations. The existing research focuses on importance and sharing ofÂ  tacit knowledge in higher education using different ICT tools and techniques . In order to promote lifelong learning using tacit knowledge , use of informal environment isÂ  recommended.
Comment Evaluation and Revision in a Bilingual Electronic Meeting
Authors: Aiken Milam , Posey Jamison , Reithel Brian
Published: August 2018

Translation accuracy continues to be a major problem in multilingual electronic meetings and a significant reason for such systemsâ€™ lack of acceptance and use. One way of increasing accuracy is detecting potential errors before a comment is added to the discussion. By comparing the original message text with a round-trip translation (RTT) and correcting any wording mistakes, misunderstandings might be prevented in the overall conversation. In this study, one group used an electronic meeting system with automatic translation that detected differences between a participantâ€™s typed comment and a RTT. If there was a significant change, the group member was then given an opportunity to modify the text before submitting it to the transcript. Another group, serving as the control group, used an equivalent electronic meeting system without error detection. Results show that there was only a slight, non-significant increase in comprehension when comments were revised and translated to German with an 80% similarity threshold, but there would have been a significant increase in comprehension if a 50% threshold had been chosen.
IMPULSE PURCHASE BEHAVIOUR: A REVIEW
Authors: Mishra Amit
Published: August 2018

For more than fifty years, researchers have strived hard to form a better understanding of impulse buying (Stern; 1962; Rook et.al; 1987; Rook and Fisher; 1995; Peck and Childers; 2006 ; Chang et.al; 2011). The purpose of this paper is to provide a detailed account of impulse buying behavior. The content analysis of various research work led to the classification ofÂ  literature into various factors affecting impulse purchase decisions ,classifying products into impulse and non impulse items, behavior dimensions of impulse buying and Rook and Fisher (1995, p.305) proposed that consumers tend to control their innate impulsive tendencies as they perceive impulse buying as normatively wrong. This paper will be useful for practitioners and researchers towards understanding of impulsive behavior of consumers and will provide a better insight in.
Knowledge Management and Supply Chain Management for Creating E-business Strategy
Authors: Lee Ming-Chang
Published: August 2018

The basic objective of the paper is to reconcile the literature on knowledge management and supply Chain management in organizations. The paper build strategy formulation, the inputs to strategy formulation process are the results of evaluating e-business technology, the business environment, plus knowledge management and Supply-Chain management to dig out the important relationships and flows of activities. Theoretical relationships are enriched by the conclusions drawn from literature review.Â  It includes Supply-Chain management and Knowledge management. By studying conceptual studies, we find that different components of Knowledge Management as Knowledge activities, Knowledge types, transformation of knowledge and technology have a significant positive effect in bringing strategies through transformation of knowledge into knowledge assets in organizations.Â  The strategy diagram divides implementation into the technical and the business aspects.
A THEORETICAL APPROACH TO PROCESS OF SELLING IN THE MODERN UNDERSTANDING
Authors: DURMAZ Yakup , KARAMAN Ali
Published: August 2018

Selling and buying are inevitable parts of our lives. As a member of a society, we need to buy and/or sell things in our everyday life. The things that we sell or buy do not have to be concrete objects. Information exchange in the society, or even the ideas people use to introduce themselves can be considered as selling ideas. However, in this study we focused on selling concrete objects rather than abstract things. We tried to explain how we understand our customersâ€™ needs and demands and shared the way we meet their needs and demands by presenting our products. Selling is a process which starts way before we meet our customers. A salesman should do a proper research about his/her target before the selling and determine the needs and demands of customers in order to present appropriate products. Moreover, a salesman needs to have the skill to handle the problems with customers. In this study, the selling process and the things a salesman should do in each and every step of this process were explained.
VIABLE DIAGNOSIS OF ICT POLICY MANAGEMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Alinaghian Reza , Abd Rahman Azizah , Ibrahim Roliana
Published: August 2018

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) policy is a code that clarifies the duties, responsibilities and rights of technology stakeholders and specifies acceptable and efficient ICT utilization. ICT policy is very fluid and rooted in a fast changing technology generating new issues and requirements. The study of ICT policy requires the organization to continuously adapt without having to make dramatic structural changes and with keeping long term focus. ICT policy life cycle encompasses four main processes which are: development, implementation, monitoring and evaluation. In many cases, the processes that form the life cycle of ICT policy usually stopped or failed at starting phase(s), including the case study in this research. Failures in ICT policy management may compromise ICT security, control and strategy in addition to incurring unnecessary expense. This study explored the challenges and issues in managing ICT policy in one of the Malaysian Public Institutions of Higher Education. An in-depth analysis and elaboration is performed using Viable System Model (VSM) and Hermeneutics method to diagnose and identify weaknesses, mismatches and viable requirements. The case documented here underlines the vast potential of the VSM in ICT policy analysis due to its flexibility and robustness that are a prerequisite in fast-changing environments. The evidence documented here represents the power of VSM through the application of its systemic functions and organizational structure that accommodates environmental dynamism, encourages sustainable development and provides sound theoretical platform. The paper demonstrates practical application of the VSM in diagnosing the organization that contribute towards the maturation of the field.
An Introduction of a Multi-dimensional Model for Effectiveness of e-commerce in Regulating Market and Pricing of Commodities and Services A Case Study: Selected Guilds of Iranâ€™s market
Authors: Osouli ghareh aghaji Shirin , Sanayei Ali
Published: August 2018

In this study, we have embarked on identification and studying seminal factors composing e-commerce in Iranian context which has the greatest impact in regulating Iranian market. Factors, studied in this research, are all based on Iranian peopleâ€™s cultural and societal characteristics, and Iranian marketâ€™s (selected guilds of computer unions, cell-phone, clothes, and food) features. Reviewing essential strategies in order to regulate Iranian market together with studying e-commerce features illustrates the necessity of determining effective components of e-commerce in regulating Iranian market. This research, in terms of target, is of practical and fundamental type, and, in terms of methodology, is of descriptive kind correlation, and employs a combined method of surveying (face to face and online) and field study. To examine fundamental components of the research a questionnaire was prepared, and the researcher has also used tests of â€˜structural equation modellingâ€™ and â€˜track analysisâ€™ to corroborate the findings of the research. The results of the research showed that e-commerce is effective in regulating market and pricing goods through 5 factors, namely, electronic government, rules and regulations of e-commerce, the culture of using e-commerce, tools of E-Marketing tools and e-commerce technologies, where all factors enjoy enough integrity to compose a â€˜structural equationâ€™ pattern. Given the use of multi-layer questionnaire and mathematical concepts such as â€˜multi-dimensional matrixesâ€™, the results, found in research, are introduced as 3-dimential model.Â Â
Online Information through Publicity and The Consumersâ€™ Perception The controversial case of Ryanair
Authors: Trifu Alexandru
Published: August 2018

The online publicity/advertising is a form of promotion utilizing the internet as a quasi-exclusive mean of marketing, serving to attract new customers in larger numbers at costs as low as possible. The online advertising is considering actions by which the organization submits to general or specific audience information on its products and services, its brand names or more about itself. The online advertising success depends significantly on a solid knowledge of the advertising domain in general, on a good knowledge of internet as a medium of communication and prompt information, as well as on the consumer reaction and feedback.As it is an area of utmost interest, where time equals money literally, the air transportation and especially the low-cost air transportation involves a need for a versatile and offensive online advertising.The case analyzed is paradoxical underlying perhaps the microeconomics principle of communicating vessels applicable to any system, but favorable to consumers (in this case). Even inconveniencies occurred (extra fees, more curious requirements regarding luggage, services on boardâ€¦), by overall, hence in a balanced situation, the possibilities to get sound and in a shorter time at destination, is more appreciated by the consumers (passengers).We speak about a psychological aspect in the relationship customer- service provider, meaning that the consumer retains the needed information, brand, even under the publicity form and becomes attached to the activity or service which brings him profit (tangible or not tangible).
THE SOCIAL IMPACT OF PETRONAS OIL COMPANY ON THE ASPECT OF EDUCATION IN AL GARRAF OIL FIELD IN DHIQAR PROVINCE
Authors: Juda Ahmed Mohsen , Ahmad Abdul Rahim , Haron Mohammed Sabri
Published: August 2018

As a matter of fact, the existence of the oil fields and the work of the oil companies in the residential areas have an impact on the style and standard of living of the local communities and the consequential change in society. The problem, in this research, represents the big rise in the illiteracy rate, the falling level of education and the high unemployment rate in the local communities that are found in Al Gharraf oil field. The most important objectives of the research is to identify the main methods and procedures carried out by Petronas which help the local communities in Al Garraf oil field so as to ensure the development of their skills through learning and building of their own abilities through the establishment of Al Gharraf vocational training center. The study adopts the analytical descriptive approach by identifying the problem and find out the impact of Petronas which is subjected to the analysis by the interview and the questionnaire form .They were distributed in the study area.The most important results that have been reached that the presence of Petronas and the establishment of Al Gharraf vocational training center haveÂ  a positive impact on the development of people skills to ensure that they are qualified for work in Petronas Company or its members or the rehabilitation and education of individuals toward getting a certain craft and helping to start a particular work.
Examining Factors that Affect Consumer Online Shopping Behavior: A Review Based Study
Authors: Narula Shabnam , GULATI MRS. SHABNAM , NARULA Mr. DUSHANT
Published: August 2018

Online shopping in India is an emerging trend for marketers to promote their merchandise in wide geographical area using internet. In 2012, E-Commerce revenue was US$ 1.6 billion but it is expected to be US$ 8.8 billion by 2016.It speaks about the success of e-commerce. Trust is an important dimension in the success of online shopping. The present study focuses on critical review of consumer behavior towards online shopping through extensive literature survey. The finding reveals that knowledge, privacy, security, perceived risk and perceived benefits are very important factors for the consumerâ€™s behavior towards online shopping. Winning trust is the primary condition for enduring success in e- commerce. Finally, some useful implications have been offered to the marketers at the end.
CHALLENGES OF ACQUISITION AND RETENTION OF CUSTOMERS IN A COMPETITIVE MARKET
Authors: FELIX DR. EGBORO
Published: August 2018

In a world of ever changing customer expectation, and competitive business environment, building corporative and collaborative relationship with customers seems to be the most prudent way to keep track of their changing expectation and appropriately influencing them.Â  One way in which that some companies are developing an improved focus on Customer Relationship Management (CRM), is through the establishment or consideration of splitting the marketing managerâ€™s job into two parts: one for acquisition and one for retention.Â  Offensive marketing emphasize on customer acquisition while defensive marketing emphasizes customer retention.Â  The kinds of skills that are needed for people, in acquisition are in the factual aspect of marketing such as advertising, sales while that of retention is on satisfaction, loyalty, customers service, customization, community building and reward program.
Cognitive Internet of Things-Oriented Multi-Domain Cooperation Dynamic Incentive Mechanism based on Reputation
Authors: Li Tenghao , Zheng Ruijuan , Li Ying , Wu Qingtao , Zhang Mingchuan , Wei Wangyang , Ma Zhengchao
Published: August 2018

As a new ubiquitous network, Internet of Things (IoT, for short) is widely used in various fields, which has a huge network, diverse sensor nodes, multifarious communication protocol. The resource management in IoT is difficult and the application fields are also expanding. Meanwhile, complexity, uncertainty and ambiguity of IoT also contribute toward the development direction of â€œcomprehensive cognitionâ€, â€œintelligent decisionâ€, so the introduction of cognitive elements into the IoT to constitute Cognitive Internet of Things (CIoT, for short) is particularly important. In allusion to the possible negative packets forward problem of selfish nodes in CIoT, we proposed a multi-domain cooperation dynamic incentive mechanism based on reputation in CIoT (C2R, for short). According to the characteristics of CIoT and the QoS requirements of the users, dynamic reputation evaluation between nodes is used to achieve the self-management of the network and motivate selfish nodes to forward packets. Meanwhile, multi-domain cooperative idea expands the application scope. The simulation results show that the mechanism can better enhance the network availability, and has a good performance in packets loss and throughput.
Financing through the conversion of physical properties into securities: Juridical- Economic Study
Authors: Bahmani Mahmoud
Published: August 2018

The classical bond structure is based on the interest. On the other hand, in Islamic financial system charging interest is forbidden, therefore, bonds cannot continue to be issued and exchanged. As a consequence, we have to follow a structure that can be replaced or reissued with bonds for the purpose of avoiding usury (Riba). For the implementation of monetary policy, Sukuk (Islamic bonds) as one of the instruments of securitization is considered to be the most important financial instrument in Islamic financial system. This instrument has been issued by the Islamic governments and companies during recent years.In fact, companies convert their assets into securities through Sukuk issuance and by selling Sukuk, they can obtain cash capital. The question here is whether, the financial instrument of Sukuk is consistent with the principles of Shiite. There has also been question as to whether financing through this method is possible for financial institutions as a new instrument in modern marketing. In order to answer the above-mentioned questions, first, we have considered the financing mechanism through Sukuk issuance from the theoretical and applicable aspects in order to comment on its acceptability from the legal and financial terms. In the present research, firstly, the method of financing through Sukuk issuance is fully described, and subsequently, the validity of the process according to the Shiite jurisprudence principles is explained. The results of this research show an acceptable and successful implementation of Sukuk instrument, so that they meet the three main criteria of legality, efficiency and acceptability.
Understanding mobile banking from a theoretical lens: Case studies of selected Kenyan m-banking products
Authors: Mutheu Mulwa Martina , Mwololo Waema Timothy
Published: August 2018

Characteristic of every developing nation, Kenya has found itself at crossroads; defining the banking industry with the urgeto provide banking services to majority of the unbanked populations. Mobile banking is a banking model that has beenadopted by Kenyan Banks to reach out to unbanked populations. This paper is based on a case study conducted in Kenyaon selected mobile banking products in 2012. The Actor Network theory methodology was used to identify and followactors. Using in-depth interviews with key informants, survey of users and agents as well as focus group discussions andobservation, it was established that agent phones and Point of service (POS) devises were used to deliver traditionalbanking services to users whose access mode was their mobile phone or debit cards. There existed partnerships betweenbanks and mobile network operators whose operations were regulated by the Central Bank of Kenya and theCommunications Authority of Kenya. This paper seeks to explore fundamental requirements for the interplay of actors inthe execution of mobile banking services. It critically analyses data collected, with reference to the Network Society theoryby Manuel Castells and Actor Network theory by Michael Callon and Bruno Latour, to inform on cross-sectoralpartnerships and user attributes necessary in mobile banking uptake and use.
EFFECTS OF MICROFINANCE LENDING ON WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT OF MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES IN NAROK TOWN KENYA.
Authors: Cheruiyot Isaac Kering , Bosire Mary
Published: August 2018

This study sought to establish the effects of MFIâ€™s lending on working capital management of micro and small businesses in Narok Town. The objectives of the study were to establish the effects of Microfinance lending on cash management, inventory management, receivables management and payable management of MSEs. The study used descriptive survey design and the target population comprised of 240 MSEâ€™s. Purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample of 71 MSEâ€™s from the population. Primary data were gathered for the study using face to face interviews with an aid of structured questionnaire. Reliability coefficient 0.7 and above was accepted. Descriptive statistics which includes percentages, frequencies, means, standard deviation and inferential statistics namely; t-test, Pearson product moment correlation and regressions were used to analyze the data. Test of significance was tested at Î±=0.1. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) aided the data analysis. The study established that MFIâ€™s lending (cost of lending, loan period and loan size) positively affect working capital management (cash management, inventory management, receivables management and payable management) of MSEs in Narok Town.Â
Strategic tools in re- shaping and re- mapping business
Authors: KARAOULANIS ANDREAS
Published: August 2018

This paperâ€™s objective is to present in a short but concise way several strategies managers need to implement in order to be able to understand the forces that influencing their business. Contemporary management need to re- focus from up to down- stream activities and come closer to their customers. Special conditions of the information technology and computers which are prevalent in our contemporary society, like the network effects, need to be taken under vast consideration from managers in order to empower their companyâ€™s market position.
Spatial re- organization of the contemporary hospital design
Authors: KARAOULANIS ANDREAS
Published: August 2018

This short paper is describing in brief the need that developed the last years for a radical change in hospitalsâ€™ spatial structure in order to help both patients and the staff to have mutual gains. Contemporary hospitals are in need of structural changes due to several political, economic, social paragons as well as due to technological advances and progress in medical science. It is the authorâ€™s goal to provide the guidelines that need to be followed in order several potential changes in terms of spatial re- organization to be achieved.
INFLUENCE OF COUNSELLING SERVICES ON NON TEACHING STAFF PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES OF NAKURU COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Kipkorir Phiona Jerop
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTEmployees are the most important human resource an organization cannot do without. They make a significant contribution to the success of an organization. Currently there is increased pressure for employees to be productive at their work place. This pressure is presented by the need to deliver the expected product or service in the market place while fulfilling the organizationâ€™s mission and vision. Most employees suffer from a number of personal issues such as emotional, family and home life conflicts, mental health concerns, substance abuse problems, and other health disorders that if not attended to has the capability of negatively influencing on their effective performance. The purpose of the study was to assess the influence of counselling services on non teaching staff performance. The study was guided by person centred theory. The target population comprised administrative staff. Purposive sampling was used to select the administrators in public universities of Nakuru county. Census was used to get a sample size of 91 respondents. A structured questionnaire was administered to provide the required data. The questionnaire was pilot tested to ascertain its validity and reliability. Reliability coefficient of 0.733 was found and considered reliable. The study employed both descriptive and inferential statistics to present and analyze the data Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 22 a computer program for windows aided in data analysis. The findings of the study revealed that there that there was a moderate statistically significant positive relationship of (r = 0.472, p < 0.05) between Counselling services and Employee performance. Â Recommendations were that HR departments in public Universities needs to sensitize employees on the provision of counselling services. These services should also be designed to address employee needs and frequently offered as the need arises. . The study also recommends that further research could be carried out in other cadre of profession in both public and private universities to establish the differences.
EFFECT OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SAFETY PLANNING IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PROGRAMS IN STATE CORPORATIONS IN NAKURU TOWN, KENYA
Authors: Muiruri James , W. Kwasira Josphat
Published: August 2018

Occupational health and safety is a fundamental concept that continues to be associated with human resource issues. The importance of OHS programs is founded on the premise that the workforce requires care just like any other resources within an organization. Needless to say, State corporations are subject to health and safety issues. These firms presumptively face numerous challenges bordering on health and safety of their employees. Though, employees are expected to work in environments where their health and safety are assured, sometimes this is not the case. This justifies the essence of having sound OHS programs in place and ensures they are fully implemented. Generally, the study sought to examine the role played by the HR function in the implementation of OHS in the State corporations in Nakuru town, Kenya. In particular, the study investigated the influence of training on OHS programs, appraisal of OHS programs, audit of OHS programs, and planning of OHS programs on the implementation of OHS programs in State corporations. It was guided by four theories which included economic theory, theory of compensating wage differentials, Perrowâ€™s normal accident theory, and social judgment theory. This study adopted descriptive survey research design. The study targeted the 919 employees working with State corporations in Nakuru town. Stratified random sampling technique was used to draw sampled respondents from the target population. A structured questionnaire was employed to collect primary data. Both reliability and validity of the research instrument were determined prior to data collection for the main study. The collected primary data was processed and analyzed with the help of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) analytical tool. Data analysis was in form of both descriptive and inferential statistics. The study findings were presented in form of statistical tables. The study found out that the human resource function played a considerable role in the implementation of OHS programs in State corporations in Nakuru town. More specifically, the implementation of OHS programs in the said organizations was noted to be significantly and positively influenced by training on OHS programs, appraisal of OHS programs, audit of OHS programs, and planning of OHS programs. The study recommended that that training on health and safety issues should be emphasized; appraisal of these programs are upheld and conducted regularly; OHS audit should be regularly conducted by the internal human resource department; and corporations should involve all stakeholders and planning professionals in the planning of OHS matters.
INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS METHODS OF JOB EVALUATION ON TEACHERSâ€™ PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN NAKURU EAST SUB-COUNTY, KENYA.
Authors: Thiongo Anthony , W. Kwasira Josphat
Published: August 2018

Job evaluation is discussed relative to performance evaluation. That is, presumptively, job evaluation impacts on both employee and organizational performance. Hitherto, teachersâ€™ performance is pegged on the academic performance of students as reflected in the results of the national examinations. In spite of the fact that performance contracts could facilitate objective evaluation and appraisal, teachers have been reluctant to sign them. The current metric of evaluating the teacherâ€™s performance is questionable given that studentsâ€™ performance is not entirely attributed to teachersâ€™ efforts. The study aimed to assess the effect of job evaluation on performance of teachers in public secondary schools in Nakuru East Sub-County. It was guided by one specific objective which sought to examine the effect of methods of job evaluation on performance of teachers in the aforesaid sub-county. Descriptive research design was the blueprint that guided the entire study. The target population constituted 283 teachers working with the 11 public secondary schools in Nakuru East Sub-County. A sample of 75 respondents participated in the study. Stratified random sampling method was adopted to draw sampled respondents from the target population. A structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data from the sampled respondents. The questionnaire was pilot tested before its administration in the main study in order to facilitate determination of both its reliability and validity. The collected data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Data analysis was in form of frequency and percentage distributions, means and standard deviations and Pearsonâ€™s correlation coefficient. The study findings were presented in form of tables that captured summary statistics.
Provide a Way to Reduction of Energy Consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks using the concepts of Fuzzy Logic and Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Hedayat Tarighi Nejad Sayyed , Alinaghian Reza
Published: August 2018

Wireless sensor networks are a collection of small sensor nodes that can monitor and sense of their surroundings and sending data to a main station. The limited energy of nodes is a major challenge of sensor networks that affect the survival of the network. Thus, as yet is presented several methods to optimization of energy consumption and increasing the lifetime of a sensor network. In this paper, using fuzzy system design and system optimization by genetic algorithm is presented approach to select the best cluster head in sensor networks. Using random data set has been addressed to evaluate of fuzzy-genetic system presented in this paper and finally, MSE rate or mean error of sending the messages using proposed fuzzy system in comparison with LEACH method is calculated in select the cluster head. The results of evaluations is representative of a reduction the MSE metric in proposed method in comparison with LEACH method for select the cluster head. Reduce of MSE directly is effective on energy consumption and lifetime of wireless sensor network and can cause the reduction of energy consumption and increase the lifetime of the networks.
Small and Medium Enterprises SMEs Role in Creating Employmentopportunities in Pakistan: A case Study of Sindh
Authors: Memon Muhammad Salih , Munir Ahmadani Muhammad , Ali Shah G.Syed Dr.Anwar , M.Shaikh Faiz , Shaikh Dr.Khalid
Published: August 2018

This research investigates the role ofÂ  Small& Medium Enterprises in creating Â Employment sector with reference to Sindh. Data were collected from 200 respondent from 40 organizations by using simple random technique.Â  A structural questionnaire was developed to get reliability of the Data.Â  Data were analyze by using SPSS-18 version. It was revealed that SMEs are the major source of foreign exchange earnings, SMEs have a major contribution in Pakistanâ€™s GDP, A known feature of SME sector is its ability to create jobs, SMEs maintain the poverty alleviation activities through creating employment, SMEs assist in fostering a self-help and entrepreneurial culture,SMEs boost up an entrepreneurial strength which puts forward flexibility in the economy, SMEs are more capable in resource allocation as compared to large scale industries, SMEs in general consider employees as their most important resources, SMEs are pioneer in developing new products and services and finally SMEs are in general very quality minded in the products and services they provide.
ECONOMIC CRISIS OF PAKISTAN AND ITS IMPACT ON ECONOMY OF PAKISTAN
Authors: Memon Muhammad Salih , Ali Shah Dr.Asif , Muhammad Shaikh Faiz , Munir Ahmadani Muhammad
Published: August 2018

This research investigates the Economic Crisis Of Pakistan And Its Impact On Economy Of Pakistan .Â  Data were collected from various secondary sources, and data were analyzed by using SPSS-21 software. It was revealed that Pakistan is one of those developing countries which are facing through the economic problems which are hindering the success and the growth of the country. There are so many economic problems in Pakistan which are getting threatening and devastating day by day and if they are remained unattended than the conditions might even get to worse. Data were collected from various secondary sources.Â  It was revealed Corruption is the prime reason behind the economical unstableness,Â  Corruption has spread into the world and has ruined the economy. It is found in government as well as private sector also. Due to corruption, illiterate and dishonest workers come forward and cause industrial backwardness. Poor Social Sector Including Health, Safe Drinking Water, Sanitation etc.
Performance of Commercai Banks of Pakistan in the backdrop of Global Financial Crisis
Authors: Memon Muhammad Salih , Ali Kartio Munawwar , Taherani Prof Dr Abida , Hussain Khaskhelly Prof Ghulam
Published: August 2018

This research paper highlights the efficiency & performance of commercial banks of Pakistan after the emergence of global financial crisis. The crisis were basically started in United States after the collapse of subprime mortgage market but engulfed the entire globe though the level of severity was different from country to country. Paper also discusses the challenges and obstacles hindered the smooth performance of banking sector in Pakistan. Five big banks of the country were selected to evaluate their efficiency in terms of profits, liquidity and solvency.For this purpose various financial ratios were used to avoid size disparity of banks. The banks play an important role of financial intermediation; channelize savings of public to investors hence basic key performance indicators for this research were deposits, profit, advances and capital.An attempt has been made to examine the growth and sustainability of banks through their performance from 2007 to 2012, before and after crisis.The main findings are (I) the profitability was affected adversely (II) Non Performing Loans were increasedsignificantly after tight control and management for several years.(III) It was explored that costly deposits were mobilized to maintain the book size and restore the confidence of depositors and all stake holders. (IV)The stability of the system remained unquestionable due to maintenance of Capital Adequacy Ratio well above the targeted ratio of 8 % in terms of Basel accord.
IMPACT OFSAFTA ON TEXTILE EXPORT ON ECONOMY OF PAKISTAN BY USING COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBIUM MODEL (CGE)
Authors: Memon Muhammad Salih , Muhammad Shaikh Faiz , Ram Dr.Nanik , Ali Shah G.Syed Dr.Anwar
Published: August 2018

This research investigates the Impact of PAK-INDIA Textile trade on Economy of Pakistan. Data were collected from GTAP-7 database.Â  Data were Â collected from 70 Textile exporters by using simple random technique and data were analyzed by using GEM-software.Â  Different simulation run on GTAP-7 database and various tariff rates appliedThe first scenario is when normal trading relation with India will be restored; it means that both countries will give the MFN (Most Favored Nations) status to each other. In the second scenario, the SAFTA will be operative and there will be free trade between India and Pakistan and both countries will remove all tariffs and custom duties from each othersâ€™ imports. The Global trade analysis GTAP model is used to analyze the possible impact of SAFTA on Pakistan in a multi country, multi sector applied General equilibrium frame work. Results based on this research reveal that on SAFTA, grounds, here will be net export benefits in Pakistanâ€™s economy.
IMPACT OF PAK-INDIA RELATIONSHIP ON RICE TRADE ON ECONOMY OF PAKISTAN BY USING COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBIUM MODEL (CGE)
Authors: Memon Muhammad Salih , Muhammad Shaikh Faiz , Bhatti Dr.Nadeem , Ali Shah G.Syed Dr.Anwar , Ram Dr.Nanik
Published: August 2018

This exploration researches the Impact of PAK-INDIA Rice exchange on Economy of Pakistan. Information were gathered from GTAP-7 database. Information were gathered from 60 rice exporters by utilizing straightforward irregular strategy and information were investigated by utilizing GEM-programming. Distinctive reproduction keep running on GTAP-7 database and different duty rates connected. It was uncovered that if India were evacuating the touchy rundown thing, in this situation both nations would have positive effect on GDP, Export, Import. The outcomes demonstrates that there is sure effect of Rice fare to India. It was further uncovered that if Pakistan is given MFN status to India, Pakistan's import diminished and Export expanded and general positive effect on Economy. The principal situation is when typical exchanging connection with India will be restored; it implies that both nations will give the MFN (Most Favored Nations) status to one another. In the second situation, the SAFTA will be agent and there will be unhindered commerce in the middle of India and Pakistan and both nations will uproot all levies and custom obligations from every others' imports. The Global exchange examination GTAP model is utilized to dissect the conceivable effect of SAFTA on Pakistan in a multi nation, multi segment connected General harmony casing work. Results in light of this exploration uncover that on SAFTA, grounds, here will be net fare advantages in Pakistan's economy.