bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysing the environmental harms caused by coal mining and its protection measures in permafrost regions of Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Authors: Wei Cao , Yu Sheng , Jichun Wu , Shengting Wang
Published: October 2017

The coal mining has brought a series of ecological problems and environmental problems in permafrost regions. Taking Muli coal-mining area as an example, this article attempts to analyse the environmental harms caused by coal mining and its protection measures in permafrost regions of Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. This article analyses the influence of open mining on the surrounding permafrost around the open pit by using the numerical simulation. The results show that (1) based on the interrelation between coal mining and permafrost environment, these main environmental harm include the permafrost change and the natural environment change in cold regions; (2) once the surface temperature rises due to open mining, the permafrost will disappear with the increase of exploitation life. If considering the solar radiation, the climate conditions and the geological condition around the pit edge, the maximum thaw depth will be more than 2 m; (3) the protection measures are proposed to avoid the disadvantage impact on the permafrost environment caused by coal mining. It will provide a scientific basis for the resource development and environment protection in cold regions.
Determinants of health-related lifestyle. Comparative study of the functioning of young adults in 2003 and 2013
Authors: Ziarko Michał , Rosińska Agnieszka , Sieński Michał
Published: October 2017

Background - Early adulthood is the developmental stage during which, for the first time, an individual can independently choose their own lifestyle. For the future health of a young adult, it is important that they incorporate healthy behaviors from different health dimensions (somatic, mental, social) into their lifestyle. Analyzing the foregoing issue gives rise to a fundamental question: did intensive social changes experienced after Poland’s accession to the European Union lead to changes in different aspects of a healthy lifestyle? Method - The presented study involved 504 people. The research data was collected in two separate measurements in 2003 (n = 284) and 2013 (n = 220). Subjects were asked to complete sets of questionnaires which measured: health behaviors, health beliefs, social influence, intention. Results - Statistical comparison of means tests and regression equations were conducted. Results demonstrate that young adults were similarly engaged in pro-health activities in both 2003 and 2013. A detailed analysis of health lifestyle factors shows that young adults from the 2013 group care more about their diet, physical activity, and more frequently undergo preventive medical health examinations. Moreover, significant changes in healthy lifestyle factors were reported. The most important observation concerned the changes in health beliefs. Beliefs derived from a holistic-functional model of health played a major role in the 2003 group, whereas in the 2013 group beliefs close to the biomedical model of health were more important. Conclusions - Analyses demonstrate changes in detailed healthy lifestyle factors. At the same time, no significant differences in global measures of concern for one’s health were observed. Importantly, results show modifications in healthy lifestyle factors. It is suggested that the observed differences stem from the social change of the last decade.
Effects of Palm Kernel Shell Ash on Lime-Stabilized Lateritic Soil
Authors: Nnochiri Emeka Segun , Ogundipe Olumide M. , Oluwatuyi Opeyemi E.
Published: October 2017

The research investigated the effects of palm kernel shell ash (PKSA) on lime-stabilized lateritic soil. Preliminary tests were performed on three soil samples, i.e., L1, L2 and L3 for identification; the results showed that L1 was A-7-6, L2 was A-7-6, and L3 was A-7-6. The optimum amount of lime for each of the soil samples was achieved. The optimum amount for L1 was 10%, for L2, 8% and for L3, 10%; at these values they recorded the lowest plasticity indexes. The further addition of PKSA was performed by varying the amount of PKSA and lime added to each of the soil samples. The addition of 4% PKSA+ 6% lime, the addition of 4% PKSA + 4% lime, and the addition of 4% PKSA + 6% lime increased the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) to the highest values for L1, L2 and L3 from 8.20%. It was concluded that PKSA can be a suitable complement for lime stabilization in lateritic soil.
Assessment of Trends and Variability of Rainfall and Temperature for the District of Mandi in Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Mohd Wani John , Sarda V. K. , Jain Sanjay. K.
Published: October 2017

Climate variability, particularly, that of the annual air temperature and precipitation, has received a great deal of attention worldwide. The magnitude of the variability of the factors changes according to the locations. The present study focuses on detecting the trends and variability in the annual temperature and rainfall for the district of Mandi in Himachal Pradesh, India. This study used annual and monsoon time series data for the time period 1981-2010 and modified the Mann-Kendall test and Sen's slope estimator in analyzing the problem. The results of the analysis indicate that the annual maximum temperature (TMX) and annual minimum temperature (TMN) for the period of 30 years have shown an increasing trend, whereas the monsoon’s maximum and minimum temperatures have shown a decreasing trend, although it is statistically not significant. The amount of annual rainfall does not show any significant trend, but the monsoonal rainfall has shown an increasing trend that is also statistically not significant. The resulting Mann-Kendall test statistic (Z) and Sen’s slope estimate (Q) of all the parameters studied indicate that changes are occurring in the magnitude and timing of the precipitation and temperature events at the Mandi station.
Immunization, Antibiotic Use, and Pneumococcal Colonization Over a 15-Year Period
Authors: Lee Grace M. , Kleinman Ken , Pelton Stephen , Lipsitch Marc , Huang Susan S. , Lakoma Matt , Dutta-Linn Maya , Rett Melisa , Hanage William P. , Finkelstein Jonathan A.
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND:

Rates of invasive pneumococcal disease have declined since widespread introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) in the United States. We evaluated the impact of immunization status and recent antibiotic use on an individual child’s risk of colonization.

METHODS:

This study extends previously reported data from children <7 years of age seen for well child or acute care visits in Massachusetts communities. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected during 6 surveillance seasons from 2000 to 2014. Parent surveys and medical record reviews confirmed immunization status and recent antibiotic use. We estimated the proportions of children colonized with PCV7-included, additional PCV13-included, and non-PCV13 serotypes. Risk factors for colonization with additional PCV13-included and non-PCV13 serotypes were assessed by using generalized linear mixed models adjusted for clustering by community.

RESULTS:

Among 6537 children, 19A emerged as the predominant serotype in 2004, with substantial reductions in 2014. Among non-PCV serotypes, 15B/C, 35B, 23B, 11A, and 23A were most common in 2014. We observed greater odds for both additional PCV13 and non-PCV13 colonization in younger children, those with more child care exposure, and those with a concomitant respiratory tract infection. Adjusted odds for additional PCV13 colonization was lower (odds ratio 0.48 [95% confidence interval 0.31–0.75]) among children up-to-date for PCV13 vaccines. Recent antibiotic use was associated with higher odds of additional PCV13 colonization but substantially lower odds of non-PCV13 colonization.

CONCLUSIONS:

Despite the success of pneumococcal vaccines in reducing colonization and disease due to targeted serotypes, ongoing community-based surveillance will be critical to evaluate the impact of interventions on pneumococcal colonization and disease.
Ч. С. Пирс и перспективы философской антропологии. Набросок методологической пропедевтики
Authors: Pronyakin V. I.
Published: October 2017

Встановлено, що специфіка виявлення і витлумачення метафізичної та антропологічної компонент прагматизму вимагає застосування методології, що дозволяє реконструювати полісемантичні та символічні предметно-змістовні артефакти мислення. В ході вирішення завдання історико-філософської реконструкції антропологічних поглядівЧ. С. Пірса у їх корелятивному сполученні із специфічними особливостями пірсової метафізики важливу роль відіграють фундаментальні принципи історико-філософського пізнання, що були розроблені у класичній традиції. Також розкрито методологічне значення некласичної філософії ХХ століття у визначенні порядку семіотичних і концептуальних ко-реляцій, що ними опосередковується системна взаємодія метафізики і антропології у смисловому складі філософіїЧ. С. Пірса. Звернено увагу на ту обставину, що врахування сучасних методологічних здобутків у вітчизняній філософії відкриває можливість для більш послідовного, логічно доведеного, достовірно-го в очевидності результатів, виведення метафізичного і антропологічного змісту із когнітивних та емпіричних складових філософії Ч. С. Пірса.
Галичина в месіанській візії Ю. Пілсудського
Authors: Lysenko V. S.
Published: October 2017

Розкрито ґенезу месіанської візії Ю. Пілсудського, яка полягала у пояснені історичних першопричин відродження Речі Посполитої та встановлення її гегемонії у Центрально-Східній Європі. З’ясовано, що ця візія сформувалася під впливом історичних процесів, які стали знаковими для польського народу, його ментальності та світогляду; вона містить такі елементи, як польська національна ідея та концепція національного гегемонізму. Встановлено, що відродження власної незалежної держави – першочергове завдання, яке ставив перед собою Ю. Пілсудський. У процесі реалізації цього завдання було сформовано концепції, які пояснювали необхідність відродження польської держави. Однією з них стала месіанська візія країни, яку омивали б Балтійське та Чорне моря. Особливе місце у цій візії посідає Східна Галичина, що розглядалася політиком як «польський П’ємонт», тобто як центр політичного відродження. У концепції пояснювалася історична приналежність до польського народу регіону, що став оазою формування національної ідеї та політичним центром відродження Речі Посполитої. Встановлено, що месіанська концепція Ю. Пілсудського носила гегемоніальний характер, оскільки мала на меті возвеличення польського етносу над українським, нівелюючи при цьому інтереси останнього, що в умовах загострення польсько-українських міжетнічних відносин призводило до конфліктно-конфронтаційної взаємодії та подальших антагонізмів у відносинах між народами.
Классификационный анализ вынужденной внутренней миграции в Украине
Authors: Popova O. A.
Published: October 2017

В статье представлены результаты классификационного анализа вынужденной миграции из зоны проведения антитеррористической операции (АТО) на Донбассе. Вынужденная миграция – это миграционные потоки, причиной которых является угроза жизни и благосостоянию вследствие природных, техногенных или политических (например, войны и межнациональные конфликты) причин. Использованы классификационные признаки вынужденной внутренней миграции в Украине: правовой статус мигрантов, способ реализации перемещения, количество мигрантов, повторяемость актов переезда, расстояние миграции, продолжительность пребывания на новом месте жительства, добровольность–вынужденность переезда, причины и цели миграции. Установлено, что вынужденная внутренняя миграция в Украине обладает «гибридным» характером, одновременно являясь групповой и семейной, отчасти постоянной (часть мигрантов не хотят возвращаться в места, где проживали до начала военного конфликта), отчасти временной (часть мигрантов вернулись спустя менее чем три месяца), отчасти маятниковой (часть мигрантов периодическивозвращаются в зону конфликта на работу, а затем снова уезжают на новое место жительства); миграция из зоны конфликта на востоке Украины является политической, военной и экономической, основными причинами которой являются боевые действия, экономический кризис и отсутствие работы в зоне конфликта.
Волонтерство: сутність феномена та особливості його функціонування в сучасній Україні
Authors: Chaika I. Y.
Published: October 2017

У статті волонтерство охарактеризоване як суспільнокорисна діяльність, що не має на меті досягнення інших цілей крім суспільного блага, в найзагальнішому вимірі – прирощення людського капіталу, не є діяльністю на благо держави, ґрунтується на загальнолюдських цінностях. Хоча у волонтерській діяльності суб’єкт може використовувати свої професійні знання, потенціал, але така діяльність не має сприяти досягненню його професійних, кар’єрних цілей. Волонтерська діяльність є безкорисливою та безоплатною без будь-яких застережень, тобто умовою здійснення волонтерської діяльності для суб’єкта є наявність основної оплачуваної роботи чи інших джерел доходу. Волонтерство дозволяє особистості задовольнити потреби найвищого рівня у суспільно ухваленій самореалізації та самоактуалізації.Обґрунтовано, що мотивом волонтерської діяльності є саморозвиток, формування цілісної моральної особистості. Виявлено, що наявність невірного уявлення щодо сутності феномена волонтерства призводить до неправильної оцінки ролі суб’єктів, що визначають себе як волонтери, по суті виконуючи функції, що є значно ширшими, ніж волонтерські, невірного визначення їхнього правового статусу, що може призвести до загрози життєвим інтересам та порушення прав цих осіб. Саме тому правовий статус учасника системи допомоги армії в Антитерористичній операції в Україні мав би бути визначений як учасник війни.
In Melbourne tonight
Authors: Homan Shane , O'Hanlon Seamus , Strong Catherine , Tebbutt John
Published: October 2017

In recent decades the ‘music city’ has emerged as an important series (and exchanges) of representations, capital, labour, sounds and commodities. City heritage and histories—particular narratives of music development, genres, venues and personnel—continue to inform contemporary city branding, tourism and industrial strategies. This article explores how both the practices and discourses of the ‘music city’ circulate in terms of specific histories, and how, in turn, they might inform contemporary practices and future intent. Melbourne, the self-proclaimed music and cultural capital of Australia, is examined as a case study in how the past and present circulate. The article also explores the challenges in documenting the emergence and development of popular music in Melbourne from the 1950s to the present as a three-year Australian Research Council Discovery project, Interrogating the Music City: Cultural Economy and Popular Music in Melbourne, funded from 2016 to 2018.
Liveness and improficiency in The Clean’s influence upon Dunedin Sound bands
Authors: Jorgensen Darren
Published: October 2017

The Clean are a key band in the history of the ‘Dunedin Sound’ of Flying Nun artists from the 1980s. The nature of their influence is however contested by both Dunedin Sound musicians and scholars. This article argues that The Clean’s significance lay in their simulation of improficiency in live performances and recordings. This improficiency is a form of what Philip Auslander calls ‘liveness’, as it represents an attempt to produce authenticity amidst a culture of mediation. The article draws upon accounts of The Clean’s early performances, and on the circumstances within which they produced their first records, to reconstruct the influence of The Clean on Dunedin Sound bands.
ВІДТВОРЮВАЛЬНИЙ МЕТОДИЧНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО ОЦІНКИ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ІНТЕГРОВАНИХ ТОВАРНИХ РИНКІВ
Authors: Нікішина О. В.
Published: October 2017

Досліджено природу доданої вартості у секторному та ринковому вимірі, розроблено теорію ко-лообігу секторної доданої вартості в мезосистемі з акцентом на головні етапи її руху (процеси форму-вання й використання), міжсекторний перерозподіл та протиріччя економічних інтересів учасників проце-су відтворення. На основі даного теоретичного фундаменту розроблено відтворювальний методичнийпідхід до оцінки ефективності функціонування інтегрованих товарних ринків, що базується на трьохрів-невій системі показників, вбудований у загальну методологію ринкового дослідження та взаємо-пов’язаний з процесами діагностики, прогнозування, управління й регулювання товарних ринків. Обґрун-товано напрями практичного впровадження авторського методичного підходу на мікро- та мезорівнях.
FEATURES OF ACCOUNTING FOR OPERATIONAL AND FINANCIAL LEASING ON ENTERPRISES
Authors: Melnyk Y. , Luk’yanov A.
Published: October 2017

The article compares operating and financial leasing, identifies their advantages and also analyzesthe stages of the development of leasing. The correspondent accounts of operational and financial leasingare provided to lessor and lessee.
Integration of Graphic medicine in teaching Pharmacology to Optometry students
Authors: Khurshid Faraz , Noushad Babu
Published: October 2017

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Objective: The study was undertaken to establish student perception and interest in a graphic medicine approach to the teaching and learning of pharmacology in optometry. Methods: The Graphic-oriented approach to the teaching of pharmacology was introduced periodically to undergraduate students of optometry in semesters five and six. The methodology was accompanied by 'concept animation' to translate difficult concepts into comprehensible ideas using handmade diagrams and comic strips. Furthermore, the process was accompanied by learning difficult terminology and definitions of the subject using 'keywords and phrases'. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted towards the end of the semester to determine student aptitude for and interest in this approach to teaching and learning. Results: A total of seventy-five students studying pharmacology across two semesters participated in the survey. Survey findings established the effectiveness of the diagrammatic approach to learning the names of drugs among 68% of the students. An overwhelming response of 85% students expressed their propensity for 'concept animation' to comprehend the difficult concepts in an easy way. Conclusion: Graphic medicine has been acknowledged as an important pedagogical instrument for the effective teaching and learning of subjects like pharmacology to allied health sciences students of optometry.
Creative Approaches to Teaching Graduate Research Methods Workshops
Authors: Reilly Peter
Published: October 2017

Engagement and deeper learning were enhanced by developing several innovative teaching strategies delivered in Research Methods workshops to Graduate Business Students.  Focusing primarily on students adopting a creative approach to formulating a valid research question for undertaking a dissertation successfully. These techniques are applicable to most subject domains to ensure student engagement.  Addressing the various multiple intelligences and learning styles existing within groups while ensuring these sessions are student centred and conducive to a collaborative learning environment.  Blogs, interactive tutorials, online videos, games and posters, are used to develop student’s cognitive and metacognitive abilities.  Using novelty images appeals to a groups’ intellectual curiosity, acting as an interpretive device to explain  the value of adopting a holistic rather than analytic approach towards a topic.
Aspectos fisiopatológicos da síndrome pós-ressecção anterior do reto para o tratamento de câncer retal
Authors: Buzatti Kelly Cristine de Lacerda Rodrigues , Petroianu Andy
Published: October 2017

RESUMO O número de pacientes com distúrbios funcionais intestinais em decorrência das operações para o tratamento do câncer retal tem aumentado durantes as últimas décadas. Alterações anatômicas e funcionais após a retirada do reto provocam aumento da frequência evacuatória, urgência evacuatória, evacuações múltiplas e incontinência para fezes e flatos, caracterizando a síndrome da ressecção anterior baixa ou LARS - "low anterior resection syndrome". Este artigo apresenta uma revisão geral do tema, com ênfase para conceitos atuais e aspectos fisiopatológicos de distúrbios funcionais do intestino após o tratamento cirúrgico do câncer retal. É fundamental que o cirurgião compreenda esses mecanismos, para melhor abordagem dos pacientes e restabelecimento da sua qualidade de vida.
Relação entre o mecanismo de trauma e lesões diagnosticadas em vítimas de trauma fechado
Authors: Parreira José Gustavo , Rondini Giovanna Zucchini , Below Cristiano , Tanaka Giuliana Olivi , Pelluchi Julia Nunes , Arantes-Perlingeiro Jacqueline , Soldá Silvia Cristine , Assef José César
Published: October 2017

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a correlação do mecanismo de trauma com a frequência e a gravidade das lesões. Métodos: análise retrospectiva das informações do registro de trauma em período de 15 meses. O mecanismo de trauma foi classificado em seis tipos: ocupantes de veículo de quadro rodas envolvidos em acidente de tráfego (AUTO), pedestres vítimas de atropelamento (ATRO), motociclistas vítimas de acidentes de tráfego (MOTO), vítimas de quedas de altura (QUED), vítimas de agressão física com instrumentos contundentes (AGRE) e vítimas de queda do mesmo nível (QMN). Resultados: o mecanismo de trauma foi classificado em 3639 casos, sendo 337 (9,3%) AUTO, 855 (23,5%) ATRO, 924 (25,4%) MOTO, 455 (12,5%) QUED, 424 (11,7%) AGRE e 644 (17,7%) QMN. Houve diferença significativa na comparação entre os grupos das médias dos índices do Revised Trauma Score (RTS), do Injury Severity Score (ISS) e da Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) do segmento cefálico, torácico, abdominal e extremidades (p<0,05). Lesões graves em segmento cefálico foram mais frequentes nas vítimas de ATRO, seguidos de AGRE e QUED (p<0,001). Lesões graves em tórax foram mais frequentes em AUTO, seguidos de QUED e ATRO (p<0,001). As lesões abdominais foram menos frequentes nas vítimas de QMN (p=0,004). Lesões graves em extremidades foram mais frequentes em ATRO, seguidos de MOTO e QUED (p<0,001). Conclusão: com a análise do mecanismo de trauma é possível prever a frequência e a gravidade das lesões em vítimas de trauma fechado.
Avaliação do tratamento dos nódulos do hepatocarcinoma nos pacientes em lista de espera para transplante hepático
Authors: Sá Gustavo Pilotto Domingues , Carlotto Jorge Roberto Marcante , Vicentine Fernando Pompeu Piza , Romero Luiz , Tejada Dario Fernandes Perdomo , Salzedas Netto Alcides Augusto , Lopes Filho Gaspar de Jesus , Gonzalez Adriano Miziara
Published: October 2017

RESUMO Objetivo: comparar o resultado do transplante de fígado por hepatocarcinoma em pacientes submetidos ou não ao tratamento loco-regional e downstaging, em relação à sobrevida e risco de recidiva na fila de transplante. Métodos: estudo retrospectivo dos pacientes portadores de hepatocarcinoma submetidos a transplante hepático na região metropolitana de São Paulo, entre janeiro de 2007 e dezembro de 2011, a partir de doador falecido. A amostra foi constituída de 414 pacientes. Destes, 29 foram incluídos na lista por downstaging. Os demais 385 foram submetidos ou não ao tratamento loco-regional. Resultados: as análises dos 414 prontuários demonstraram um predomínio de pacientes do sexo masculino (79,5%) e com média de idade de 56 anos. O tratamento dos nódulos foi realizado em 56,4% dos pacientes em fila de espera para o transplante. O método mais utilizado foi a quimio-embolização (79%). Os pacientes submetidos ao tratamento loco-regional tiveram redução significativa no tamanho do maior nódulo (p<0,001). Não houve diferença estatística entre grupos com e sem tratamento loco-regional (p=0,744) e em relação à mortalidade entre pacientes incluídos no Critério de Milão ou ao downstaging (p=0,494). Conclusões: não houve diferença na sobrevida e ocorrência de recidiva associadas ao tratamento loco-regional. Os pacientes incluídos através do processo de downstaging apresentaram resultados de sobrevida comparáveis àqueles previamente classificados como Critério de Milão/Brasil.
Abordagem cirúrgica do hiperteleorbitismo na displasia craniofrontonasal
Authors: Denadai Rafael , Roberto Wellington Matheus , Buzzo Celso Luiz , Ghizoni Enrico , Raposo-Amaral César Augusto , Raposo-Amaral Cassio Eduardo
Published: October 2017

RESUMO Objetivo: apresentar nossa experiência no tratamento cirúrgico do hiperteleorbitismo na displasia craniofrontonasal. Métodos: análise retrospectiva dos pacientes com displasia craniofrontonasal operados por orbital box osteotomy ou por bipartição facial entre os anos de 1997 e 2015. Informações sobre as intervenções cirúrgicas foram obtidas dos prontuários médicos, exames complementares, fotografias e entrevistas clínicas. Os resultados cirúrgicos foram classificados com base na necessidade de cirurgia adicional, e a recidiva orbital foi calculada. Resultados: sete pacientes do sexo feminino foram incluídas, três submetidas à orbital box osteotomy (42,86%) e quatro (57,14%) à bipartição facial. Houve uma recidiva orbital média de 3,71±3,73mm. A média global dos resultados cirúrgicos de acordo com a necessidade de novas cirurgias foi de 2,43±0,53. Conclusão: a abordagem cirúrgica do hiperteleorbitismo na displasia craniofrontonasal deve ser individualizada, respeitando, sempre que possível, a idade e as preferências dos pacientes, seus familiares e cirurgiões.
Development of a laparoscopic training model using a smartphone
Authors: Oti André Takashi , Galvão Lucas Nascimento , Pessoa Thyago Cezar Prado , Rocha Camylla Rodrigues de Oliveira , Monteiro Andrew Moraes , Fonteles Mauro José Pantoja , Brito Marcus Vinicius Henriques , Yasojima Edson Yuzur
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: to develop a model of training in video-surgery, of low cost and that uses a smartphone as an image-generating source. Methods: We developed a 38cm high, 40cm wide, 40cm long hexagonal-shaped training box, with a front opening of 12x8 cm for coupling the smartphone. The internal illumination is made with LED lamps and for the support of the smartphone, we used a selfie stick, fixed in the upper part of the box, that allows control of height, distance, angulation, and the coupling of devices with different formats. We selected 20 undergraduate students without previous training in video-surgery, who performed four exercises in the box, with assessment of the time and amount of errors in the execution of the tasks. Each student completed the training for three consecutive weeks. We collected the data in spreadsheets for later analysis. Results: Nineteen students completed the training program, with significant improvement in the times and in the number of errors. Conclusion: the developed model was feasible and promoted the acquisition of skills in this group of students. In addition, it presents low cost, is portable and uses common equipment, such as smartphones.
Effects of local pressure on cutaneous blood flow in pigs
Authors: Vaena Michel Luciano Holger Toledano , Sinnecker João Paulo , Pinto Bruno Benedetti , Neves Mario Fritsch Toros , Serra-Guimarães Fernando , Marques Ruy Garcia
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the effects of increasing pressures on the cutaneous blood flow in the skin of pigs. Methods: we conducted an experimental study in pigs submitted to subcutaneous magnetic implants (n=30). After healing, were applied external magnets with varying magnetic forces to the skin, generating compression. We evaluated the cutaneous circulation of the skin under compression by the Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging (LSCI) technique. We measured the depth of the implants by ultrasonography, and applied computational simulations to the calculation of the different pressure values, considering the different distances between implants and external magnets. Results: nineteen implants presented complications. The remaining 11 were submitted to different magnetic compression forces and perfusion analysis. Two linear regression models showed an inverse correlation between exerted pressure and cutaneous perfusion, with significant variation, mainly in the initial pressure increases, of up to 20mmHg. Conclusion: The main reduction in cutaneous blood flow resulted from initial increases of up to 20 mmHg. The results suggest that tissue ischemia can occur even in low-pressure regimes, which could contribute to the appearance of skin lesions, particularly ulcers related to medical devices.
Observation time and spontaneous resolution of primary phimosis in children
Authors: Lourenção Pedro Luiz Toledo de Arruda , Queiroz Dênis Silva , de-Oliveira Junior Wilson Elias , Comes Giovana Tuccille , Marques Rozemeire Garcia , Jozala Débora Rodrigues , Ortolan Erika Veruska Paiva
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate spontaneous resolution rate of a series of patients with physiologic phimosis in relation to observation time and presence of symptoms. Methods: retrospective and longitudinal follow-up study of patients with physiologic phimosis, that did not apply topic treatment. These patients were invited for a new visit for reevaluation, or recent data were obtained by chart analysis. Spontaneous resolution rate was determined and statistically compared to age, presence of symptoms at first medical visit and time until reevaluation. Results: seventy one patients were included. Medium time of observation from first visit to reevaluation was 37.4 months. There was spontaneous resolution of phimosis in 32 (45%) patients. Children with spontaneous resolution were younger at initial diagnosis and were observed during a longer period of time. Most asymptomatic patients at first visit presented spontaneous resolution. However, it was not possible to stablish a significant relationship between presence of symptoms and evolution of physiologic phimosis. Conclusions: time of observation was the main determinant of spontaneous resolution of patients with physiologic phimosis, reinforcing the current more conservative approach regarding circumcision of those patients.
A proposal of Brazilian Society of Surgical Oncology (BSSO/SBCO) for standardizing cytoreductive surgery (CRS) plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) procedures in Brazil: pseudomixoma peritonei, appendiceal tumors and malignant peritoneal mesothelioma
Authors: Batista Thales Paulo , Sarmento Bruno José Queiroz , Loureiro Janina Ferreira , Petruzziello Andrea , Lopes Ademar , Santos Cassio Cortez , Quadros Cláudio de Almeida , Akaishi Eduardo Hiroshi , Cordeiro Eduardo Zanella , Coimbra Felipe José Fernández , Laporte Gustavo Andreazza , Castro Leonaldson Santos , Batista Ranyell Matheus Spencer Sobreira , Aguiar Júnior Samuel , Costa Júnior Wilson Luiz , Ferreira Fábio Oliveira
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT Cytoreductive surgery plus hypertermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy has emerged as a major comprehensive treatment of peritoneal malignancies and is currently the standard of care for appendiceal epithelial neoplasms and pseudomyxoma peritonei syndrome as well as malignant peritoneal mesothelioma. Unfortunately, there are some worldwide variations of the cytoreductive surgery and hypertermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy techniques since no single technique has so far demonstrated its superiority over the others. Therefore, standardization of practices might enhance better comparisons between outcomes. In these settings, the Brazilian Society of Surgical Oncology considered it important to present a proposal for standardizing cytoreductive surgery plus hypertermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy procedures in Brazil, with a special focus on producing homogeneous data for the developing Brazilian register for peritoneal surface malignancies.
O desmonte do financiamento da seguridade social em contexto de ajuste fiscal
Authors: Salvador Evilasio da Silva
Published: October 2017

Resumo: O Orçamento da Seguridade Social (OSS) é a peça-chave para a compreensão do ajuste fiscal em curso no Brasil. Este artigo analisa o desmonte do financiamento da seguridade social, a partir dos instrumentos de política fiscal como a Desvinculação de Recursos da União e as renúncias tributárias. A apropriação das contribuições sociais do OSS tem sido determinante para a política de pagamento dos juros da dívida. Ao mesmo tempo em que o OSS está inflado por despesas que são do orçamento fiscal.
Cesta básica e assistência social: notas de uma antiga relação
Authors: Bovolenta Gisele A.
Published: October 2017

Resumo: Este texto busca refletir sobre o papel que a cesta básica vem cumprindo junto à política de assistência social, uma vez que é prevista a criação de um Sistema Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional que reconhece a alimentação como um direito humano fundamental, o que permitiria considerar que a provisão de alimentos, de modo regular e frequente, não seria papel da assistência social, tampouco se configuraria como um dos benefícios eventuais dessa área.
Organizações Sociais do setor de saúde no estado de São Paulo: avanços e limites do controle externo
Authors: Pilotto Bernardo Seixas , Junqueira Virginia
Published: October 2017

Resumo: O acesso à assistência à saúde é uma das principais preocupações dos brasileiros. O estado de São Paulo foi pioneiro em implantar gestão da saúde via Organizações Sociais - OS. A análise de relatórios de dois órgãos de controle externo concernente ao desempenho das OS assinalou dificuldades na obtenção de informações e questionamentos da legalidade e da viabilidade dessa forma de gestão nos pareceres de tais órgãos, sem que se produzam mudanças políticas de rumo.
Expressões conservadoras no trabalho em saúde: a abordagem familiar e comunitária em questão
Authors: Guimarães Eliane Martins de Souza
Published: October 2017

Resumo: O presente artigo apresenta o debate sobre as expressões conservadoras no trabalho em saúde a partir da análise da abordagem familiar e comunitária na Saúde da Família. Toma como referência de análise o movimento de disputa hegemônica existente na política de saúde e a direção social que trabalho em saúde assume nesse contexto. Situa os impactos da contrarreforma na política de saúde no processo de trabalho, na análise e intervenção das relações familiares e comunitárias e na educação em saúde.
TENSIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF MESHES USED IN ABDOMINAL VENTRAL WALL DEFECTS IN RATS
Authors: UTRABO Carlos Alberto Lima , CZECZKO Nicolau Gregori , BUSATO Cesar Roberto , MONTEMÓR-NETTO Mário Rodrigues , LIPINSKI Leandro , MALAFAIA Osvaldo
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT Background: Among the various strategies to avoid exaggerated foreign body reaction in the treatment of hernias is the limitation of the amount of polypropylene or the use of absorbable material. Aim: To evaluate the healing of defects in the abdominal wall of rats, comparing microporous polypropylene, macroporous polypropylene and polypropylene/polyglecaprone at the 30º, 60º and 120º postoperative day. Methods: Wistar rats were submitted to defect production in the ventral abdominal wall, with integrity of the parietal peritoneum. Prolene®, Ultrapro® and Bard Soft® meshes were used in the correction of the defect. Nine subgroups of 10 animals were submitted to euthanasia at 30th, 60th and 120th postoperative day. Fragments of the abdominal wall of the animals were submitted to tensiometric analysis. Results: The tensiometry at the 30th postoperative day showed greater resistance of the tissues with Bard Soft® (macroporous mesh) in relation to the tissues with Prolene® (microporous mesh). On the 60th postoperative day Bard Soft® maintained the superior resistance to the tissues comparing to Prolene Mesh®. On the 120th postoperative day the tissues repaired with Ultrapro® (macroporous mesh) proved to be more resistant than the ones by Prolene® (microporous mesh) and Bard Soft® (macroporous mesh). Conclusion: The tissues repaired with macroporous meshes showed greater resistance than with microporous meshes at all stages, and at 120 days postoperative Ultrapro® performed better than the others.
ATORVASTATIN CAN PREVENT HEPATIC REMOTE REPERFUSION INJURY
Authors: SANTOS Carlos Henrique Marques dos , DOURADO Doroty Mesquita , SILVA Baldomero Antonio Kato da , PONTES Henrique Budib Dorsa , AZEVEDO-NETO Euler de , VENDAS Giovanna Serra da Cruz , CHAVES Ian de Oliveira , MIRANDA João Victor Cunha
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT Background: Some studies have shown that statins have a promising effect on protection against reperfusion injury. Aim: To evaluate the ability of ischemic postconditioning, statins and both associated to prevent or minimize reperfusion injury in the liver of rats subjected to ischemia and reperfusion by abdominal aorta clamping. Method: Were used 41 Wistar rats, which were distributed into five groups: ischemia and reperfusion (I/R), ischemic postcondictioning (IPC), postconditioning + statin (IPC+S), statin (S) and Sham. It was performed a medium laparotomy, dissection and isolation of the infra-renal abdominal aorta; excepting Sham group, all the others were submitted to the aorta clamping for 70 min (ischemia) and posterior clamping removing (reperfusion, 70 min). In the IPC and IPC+S groups, postconditioning was performed between the ischemia and reperfusion phases by four cycles of reperfusion and ischemia lasting 30 s each. In IPC+S and S groups, preceding the surgical procedure, administration of 3.4 mg/day of atorvastatin was performed for seven days by gavage. The left hepatic lobe was removed for histological study and euthanasia was performed. Results: The mean hepatic injury was 3 in the I/R group, 1.5 in the IPC group, 1.2 in the IPC+S group, 1.2 in the S group, and 0 in the SHAM group. The I/R group had a higher degree of tissue injury compared to the others in the statistical analysis and there was no difference between the others (p<0.01). Conclusion: Ischemic postconditioning and atorvastatin were able to minimize hepatic reperfusion injury, either alone or in combination.
Balanço de Energia nas Condições de Mudanças de Uso do Solo na Região Sul do Estado de Mato Grosso
Authors: Angelini Lucas Peres , Silva Pablinne Cynthia Batista Silva e , Fausto Marcos Alves , Machado Nadja Gomes , Biudes Marcelo Sacardi
Published: October 2017

Resumo A conversão da vegetação nativa para áreas agrícolas modifica a dinâmica de troca de energia no sistema solo-planta-atmosfera. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da conversão de uma área de Cerrado em culturas agronômicas no balanço de energia e evapotranspiração no sul do Estado de Mato Grosso. O estudo foi conduzindo em áreas de cerradão, cerrado stricto sensu, mangueiral, cultura de teca, coqueiral e pastagem. O balanço de energia foi estimado pelo SEBAL (Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land), utilizando dados de estação meteorológica e imagens do sensor TM Landsat 5 obtida em 2010. O saldo de radiação apresentou menores valores em pastagem que em Cerrado. O fluxo de calor latente no Cerrado foi maior em até 60% com relação às culturas agronômicas. O fluxo de calor sensível nas áreas agrícolas foram 50% maior que áreas de Cerrado. O Cerradão e o mangueiral apresentaram menores valores de fluxo de calor no solo. Apesar desse estudo não representar todo o Cerrado de Mato Grosso, os resultados demonstraram o impacto da conversão do Cerrado em áreas agrícolas no balanço de energia.
Reciclagem de Precipitação na Bacia Amazônica: O Papel do Transporte de Umidade e da Evapotranspiração da Superfície
Authors: Rocha Vinícius Machado , Correia Francis Wagner Silva , Silva Paulo Ricardo Teixeira da , Gomes Weslley Brito , Vergasta Leonardo Alves , Moura Rildo Gonçalves de , Trindade Maximiliano da Silva Pereira , Pedrosa Adriano Lima , Silva Josyanne Jhennifer Santos da
Published: October 2017

Resumo O objetivo desse trabalho é avaliar a distribuição dos componentes do balanço de água e da reciclagem de precipitação na bacia amazônica, abordando os mecanismos físicos associados ao processo de reciclagem. De forma geral, a bacia amazônica se comporta como um sumidouro de umidade da atmosfera, recebendo vapor d'água tanto do transporte de origem oceânica quanto da evaportranspiração da floresta por meio do processo de reciclagem de precipitação. Em escala regional, a Amazônia representa uma importante fonte de umidade para outras regiões da América do Sul, contribuindo para o regime da precipitação em outras áreas do continente. Na média, a reciclagem de precipitação é da ordem de 20% na bacia amazônica, com valores variando entre 15% na porção norte e 40% na porção sul. Dessa forma, do total da precipitação na bacia, aproximadamente, 20% é decorrente do processo de evapotranspiração local; indicando que, a contribuição local para a precipitação total representa um percentual significativo no balanço de água regional e desempenha um importante papel no ciclo hidrológico amazônico. Entretanto, as variabilidades e mudanças no sistema climático devido tanto às variações naturais quanto antropogênicas (aumento na emissão de gases estufa e desflorestamento) podem afetar a reciclagem e o ciclo hdrológico regional.
Influence of Plastic Covering on the Microclimate in Vineyards in the São Francisco River Valley Region
Authors: Leitão Mário de Miranda Vilas Boas Ramos , Azevedo Pedro Vieira de , Lima Paulo César da Silva , Oliveira Gertrudes Macário de , Santos Carlos Antonio Costa dos
Published: October 2017

Abstract Data from field experiments conducted in table grape vineyards variety of Festival in Petrolina-PE in the period from September 19 to October 12, 2010 were used to evaluate the influence of plastic cover on microclimate conditions of vineyards in São Francisco River Valley region. Three treatments were studied: canopies without plastic cover (WC); with plastic cover positioned at 50 cm (PC50), and at 100 cm (PC100) above canopy. The results indicate that the plastic cover prevented the passage of about 40% of the global and net radiation, retained the relative humidity inside the canopy, generated an increase of air temperature and marked reduction in wind speed over the canopy of treatment PC50. However, treatment PC100 had a higher incidence of short wavelength and net radiation under canopy (on the berries) than WC and PC50 treatments, resulting in more favorable weather conditions, providing about 40% greater productivity in this treatment. Therefore, the vineyard with plastic cover placed at 100 cm above canopy represents a more suitable alternative to the climatic conditions of the region of the São Francisco River Valley.
Matriz de Covariâncias dos Erros de Previsão Aplicada ao Sistema de Assimilação de Dados Global do CPTEC: Experimentos com Observação Única
Authors: Bastarz Carlos Frederico , Herdies Dirceu Luis , Sapucci Luiz Fernando
Published: October 2017

Resumo A matriz de covariâncias dos erros de previsão representa uma importante componente de um sistema de assimilação de dados. Pode-se mostrar matematicamente que os incrementos de análise são diretamente proporcionais à matriz de covariâncias. Considerando-se este resultado, é correto afirmar que a habilidade de um sistema de assimilação de dados está diretamente relacionada às características da matriz de covariâncias, sejam elas representadas por comprimentos de escala horizontais e verticais e amplitudes (desvios-padrão e variâncias). Se o sistema de assimilação de dados utiliza as observações para corrigir as previsões do modelo, ponderando-se os erros das observações e previsões, então o uso de uma matriz de covariâncias não ajustada pode impactar de forma significativa o processo de assimilação de dados. No CPTEC, tem-se investido esforços para o ajuste da matriz de covariâncias utilizada na assimilação de dados. Neste trabalho é feita, portanto, uma discussão conceitual da matriz de covariâncias, expressando a sua importância e a forma como é aplicada em um sistema operacional. Além disso, é apresentada uma caracterização quantitativa e qualitativa dessa matriz para o modelo de circulação geral da atmosfera do CPTEC, e quais são as características resultantes dos incrementos de análise produzidos no sistema GSI utilizado pelo centro.
Factors associated with acquisition of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae
Authors: Lavagnoli Lilian Silva , Bassetti Bil Randerson , Kaiser Thais Dias Lemos , Kutz Kátia Maria , Cerutti Junior Crispim
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify possible risk factors for acquisition of Enterobacterial strains with a marker for resistance to carbapenems. Methods: exploratory case-control study performed in hospital settings. The study sample consisted of patients with biological specimens that tested positive for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (cases), with the disk diffusion test and Etest, and controls with biological samples testing negative for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. In all, 65 patients were included: 13 (20%) cases and 52 (80%) controls. Results: the microorganisms isolated were Serratia marcescens (6), Klebsiella pneumoniae (4), and Enterobacter cloacae (3). Univariate analysis revealed that length of hospitalization prior to sample collection (p=0.002) and having a surgical procedure (p=0.006) were statistically significant. In the multivariable logistic regression model, both were still significant, with odds ratios of 0.93 (p = 0.009; 95% CI: 0.89 to 0.98) for length of hospitalization prior to sample collection, and 9.28 (p = 0.05; 95% CI: 1.01 to 85.14) for having a surgical procedure. Conclusion: shorter hospitalization times and increased surveillance of patients undergoing surgery could play a decisive role in reducing the spread of carbapenem-resistant microorganisms in hospital settings.
Inventory of Ferns and Lycophytes of the RPPN Pedra D'Antas, Pernambuco state, northeastern Brazil
Authors: Farias Rafael , Silva Ivo , Pereira Anna Flora , Santiago Augusto , Barros Iva
Published: October 2017

Abstract The Northeastern Atlantic Forest (NAF) has a historic of intense habitat loss and fragmentation. In this context, knowledge of the species from forest remnants is urgently needed and represents a key tool for future studies and conservation strategies. Here, we present the floristic inventory of ferns and lycophytes from the Private Natural Heritage Reserve - RPPN Pedra D'Antas, located in a NAF area. The study area associated with the RPPN Frei Caneca is the Serra do Urubu, which is a hotspot for the diversity of several biological groups in the NAF. We recorded 74 fern species, distributed in 17 families and 46 genera. The most diverse families were Pteridaceae (17 species), Polypodiaceae (14 spp.), Dryopteridaceae (nine spp.) and Thelypteridaceae (seven spp.). Lycophytes were represented by four species, two families and two genera. A new record for the Northeast of Brazil, Serpocaulon hirsutulum, is presented in this study. The area has a large number of species, some of which are restricted to the NAF (e.g. Megalastrum umbrinum). Based on the richness of the study area associated with another inventory held at the RPPN Frei Caneca (138 spp.), the Serra do Urubu is corroborated as a hot-spot for the diversity of ferns and lycophytes in the NAF.
Blattaria from Museu de La Plata, Argentina: New records for Blaberus affinis Jurberg, Albuquerque, Rebordões, Gonçalves & Felippe, 1977 and Blaberus scutatus Saussure & Zehntner, 1894 (Blaberidae, Blaberinae)
Authors: Lopes Sonia Maria , Assumpção Mariana
Published: October 2017

Abstract The habitus of the males of seven species of Blaberus that belong to the Blattaria collection of the La Plata Museum from Argentina (of which two are new occurrences for the country) are illustrated and are classified into the appropriate groups. Information on their collection sites, synonyms and updated geographic distribution is also provided. In total, 27 Blaberus specimens were studied and will be returned to the collection of the Entomology from the Museu de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.