bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular identification of five species of family Chaetomiaceae (Sordariomycetes, Ascomycota) from Iraqi soil
Authors: Al-Dossary Mustafa , RAHEEM SHAYMAA S. , ALMYAH MAYSOON K.
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Al-Dossary MA, Raheem SS, Almyah MK. 2021. Molecular identification of five species of family Chaetomiaceae (Sordariomycetes, Ascomycota) from Iraqi soil. Biodiversitas 22: 1277-1284. Five ascomycetes fungi within the family Chaetomiaceae (Sordariomycetes, Ascomycota) were isolated from Iraqi agricultural soil and identified by phenotypic characteristics and molecular analysis. Chaetomium ascotrichoides and C. subaffine are reported for the first time from the Iraqi mycobiota. Amesia atrobrunnea, Collariella bostrychodes and Ovatospora brasiliensis were previously reported from Iraq as Chaetomium atrobrunneum, C. bostrychodes, and C. brasiliense respectively. All reported species were provided with brief characterizations and photographs
Variations of grain physical properties, amylose and anthocyanin of upland red rice cultivars from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Markus Jenny E.R. , Ndiwa Antonius S.S. , Oematan Shirly S. , Mau Yosep S.
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Markus JER, Ndiwa ASS, Oematan SS, Mau YS. 2021. Variations of grain physical properties, amylose and anthocyanin of upland red rice cultivars from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1345-1354.  Red rice is becoming more popular nowadays due to the increasing awareness of rice consumers on its health benefits. The demands for red rice are increasing but the supply is limited, thus, local red rice cultivars can be used to fill this gap. Optimal use of local rice germplasm requires a comprehensive evaluation of their traits, and the genotypes having the most desirable traits can be selected for direct use. Several upland red rice cultivars from East Nusa Tenggara Province have been evaluated for various traits while their grain properties are still unrevealed. Information on grain properties is important, both for consumer preference and rice breeders. This study aimed to elucidate the grain physical properties, amylose, and anthocyanin of upland red rice germplasm from ENT Province, and to identify genotypes with the most desirable characters for further employment. Eighteen rice genotypes were used in this study. They were cultivated in the field, and the harvested grains were analyzed in the laboratory. Both ANOVA and descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Substantial variations were observed on all variables, except the chalky grain percentage. The kernel length of tested genotypes was classified as long, medium, and short while the kernel shapes were slender, medium, and bold. Most tested genotypes had high head rice percentage and low to medium percentages of large and small broken kernels. Chalky grain was almost absent. Amylose content ranged from 1.0% to 28% while anthocyanin was about 1.0 - 20 mg/100 g. The evaluated genotypes were clustered into three main groups. Percentages of large and small broken kernels, and amylose content were mostly responsible for the observed variations among the rice genotypes. The red rice genotypes were diverse in the studied characters, thus, those with desirable grain characters are useful for further development and utilization.
Automated segmentation for whole human eye OCT image using RM multistage Mask R-CNN
Authors: Fu Xuesong , Wang Jianlin , Hu Zhixiong , Guo Yongqi , Wang Rutong
Published: February 2021

Accurate segmentation of structures in whole human eye optical coherence tomography (OCT) images can improve the accuracy of disease diagnosis and ophthalmic biological parameter measurement. However, due to the complex features of the cornea, lens, and retina in the whole human eye OCT image and external interference, it is difficult to precisely extract the object features, which restricts the segmentation accuracy of whole human eye OCT images. A relation module (RM) multistage Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (R-CNN) method for whole human eye OCT image segmentation is established. Based on Mask R-CNN, modulated deformable convolution is employed to produce an irregular receptive field and improve the adaptability of the network to the whole human eye OCT image’s object deformation. In the feature map extraction, the RM is combined to learn the position relation feature map of the human eye structures, which is utilized to enhance feature maps. A multistage mask is constructed in the segmentation branch, and the error is corrected through iterations of the mask to improve the segmentation accuracy of the whole human eye OCT image. Combined with the above structures, the RM multistage Mask R-CNN method is constructed for whole human eye OCT image segmentation. The model is trained by whole human eye OCT images and is applied to realize highly accurate whole human eye OCT image segmentation. Comparison experiments with K-means, U-net, and Feature Pyramid Networks (FPN)-deformable-mask R-CNN are performed to verify the segmentation accuracy and robustness of the proposed method to complex deformation and external interference.
Numerical comparison of pumping methods for high-power Er/Yb-codoped fiber lasers
Authors: Dan Wang , Han Qun , Jia Qing , Ren Kun , Liu Tiegen
Published: February 2021

The amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) in the Yb band and thermal damage are the main
obstacles to the power scaling of high-power Er/Yb-codoped fiber
lasers (EYDFLs) and amplifiers. In this paper, three popular pumping
methods, i.e., off-peak pumping, core pumping with ytterbium-doped
fiber laser, and cascade co-pumping, the conquering of these obstacles
is investigated and compared based on numerical simulation. The
influence of the pump wavelength is systematically analyzed.
Performances, including thermal effects, optimal fiber length, and
maximum applicable pump power and expectable output power are compared
for EYDFLs with these pumping methods. The results show that off-peak
pumping and core pumping can alleviate the Yb ASE problem and increase
the achievable output power to some extent. We believe this
improvement fundamentally originated from the lower absorption
coefficient that alleviates the bottlenecking effect. The Yb ASE
problem is still inevitable for these two methods, whereas the cascade
co-pumping method can completely extricate a EYDFL from the restrict
of this problem and push the power to the thermal damaged
limitation.
On the evolution and development of morphological complexity: A view from gene regulatory networks
Authors: Hagolani Pascal F. , Zimm Roland , Vroomans Renske , Salazar-Ciudad Isaac
Published: February 2021

How does morphological complexity evolve? This study suggests that the likelihood of mutations increasing phenotypic complexity becomes smaller when the phenotype itself is complex. In addition, the complexity of the genotype-phenotype map (GPM) also increases with the phenotypic complexity. We show that complex GPMs and the above mutational asymmetry are inevitable consequences of how genes need to be wired in order to build complex and robust phenotypes during development.

We randomly wired genes and cell behaviors into networks in EmbryoMaker. EmbryoMaker is a mathematical model of development that can simulate any gene network, all animal cell behaviors (division, adhesion, apoptosis, etc.), cell signaling, cell and tissues biophysics, and the regulation of those behaviors by gene products. Through EmbryoMaker we simulated how each random network regulates development and the resulting morphology (i.e. a specific distribution of cells and gene expression in 3D). This way we obtained a zoo of possible 3D morphologies. Real gene networks are not random, but a random search allows a relatively unbiased exploration of what is needed to develop complex robust morphologies. Compared to the networks leading to simple morphologies, the networks leading to complex morphologies have the following in common: 1) They are rarer; 2) They need to be finely tuned; 3) Mutations in them tend to decrease morphological complexity; 4) They are less robust to noise; and 5) They have more complex GPMs. These results imply that, when complexity evolves, it does so at a progressively decreasing rate over generations. This is because as morphological complexity increases, the likelihood of mutations increasing complexity decreases, morphologies become less robust to noise, and the GPM becomes more complex. We find some properties in common, but also some important differences, with non-developmental GPM models (e.g. RNA, protein and gene networks in single cells).
Reconciling fish and farms: Methods for managing California rice fields as salmon habitat
Authors: Holmes Eric J. , Saffarinia Parsa , Rypel Andrew L. , Bell-Tilcock Miranda N. , Katz Jacob V. , Jeffres Carson A.
Published: February 2021

Rearing habitat for juvenile Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in California, the southernmost portion of their range, has drastically declined throughout the past century. Recently, through cooperative agreements with diverse stakeholders, winter-flooded agricultural rice fields in California’s Central Valley have emerged as ecologically functioning floodplain rearing habitat for juvenile Chinook Salmon. From 2013 to 2016, we conducted a series of experiments examining methods to enhance habitat benefits for fall-run Chinook Salmon reared on winter-flooded rice fields in the Yolo Bypass, a modified floodplain managed for flood control, agriculture, and wildlife habitat in the Sacramento River Valley of California. Investigations included studying the effect of 1) post-harvest field substrate; 2) depth refugia; 3) duration of field drainage; and 4) duration of rearing occupancy on in-situ diet, growth and survival of juvenile salmon. Post-harvest substrate treatment had only a small effect on the lower trophic food web and an insignificant effect on growth rates or survival of rearing hatchery-origin, fall-run Chinook Salmon. Similarly, depth refugia, created by trenches dug to various depths, also had an insignificant effect on survival. Rapid field drainage yielded significantly higher survival compared to drainage methods drawn out over longer periods. A mortality of approximately one third was observed in the first week after fish were released in the floodplain. This initial mortality event was followed by high, stable survival rates for the remainder of the 6-week duration of floodplain rearing study. Across years, in-field survival ranged 7.4–61.6% and increased over the course of the experiments. Despite coinciding with the most extreme drought in California’s recorded history, which elevated water temperatures and reduced the regional extent of adjacent flooded habitats which concentrated avian predators, the adaptive research framework enabled incremental improvements in design to increase survival. Zooplankton (fish food) in the winter-flooded rice fields were 53-150x more abundant than those sampled concurrently in the adjacent Sacramento River channel. Correspondingly, observed somatic growth rates of juvenile hatchery-sourced fall-run Chinook Salmon stocked in rice fields were two to five times greater than concurrently and previously observed growth rates in the adjacent Sacramento River. The abundance of food resources and exceptionally high growth rates observed during these experiments illustrate the potential benefits of using existing agricultural infrastructure to approximate the floodplain wetland physical conditions and hydrologic patterns (shallow, long-duration inundation of cool floodplain habitats in mid-winter) under which Chinook Salmon evolved and to which they are adapted.
Intraoperative blood loss may be associated with myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery
Authors: Park Jungchan , Kwon Ji-hye , Lee Seung-Hwa , Lee Jong Hwan , Min Jeong Jin , Kim Jihoon , Oh Ah Ran , Seo Wonho , Hyeon Cheol Won , Yang Kwangmo , Choi Jin-ho , Lee Sang-Chol , Kim Kyunga , Ahn Joonghyun , Gwon Hyeon‐Cheol
Published: February 2021

Background

This study aimed to evaluate the association between intraoperative blood loss and myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS), which is a severe and common postoperative complication.

Methods

We compared the incidence of MINS based on significant intraoperative bleeding, defined as an absolute hemoglobin level < 7 g/dL, a relative hemoglobin level less than 50% of the preoperative measurement, or need for packed red cell transfusion. We also estimated a threshold for intraoperative hemoglobin level associated with MINS.

Results

We stratified a total of 15,926 non-cardiac surgical patients with intraoperative hemoglobin and postoperative cardiac troponin (cTn) measurements according to the occurrence of significant intraoperative bleeding; 13,416 (84.2%) had no significant bleeding while 2,510 (15.8%) did have significant bleeding. After an adjustment with inverse probability weighting, the incidence of MINS was higher in the significant bleeding group (35.2% vs. 16.4%; odds ratio, 1.58; 95% confidence interval, 1.43–1.75; p < 0.001). The threshold of intraoperative hemoglobin associated with MINS was estimated to be 9.9 g/dL with an area under the curve of 0.643.

Conclusion

Intraoperative blood loss appeared to be associated with MINS. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Clinical registration

The cohort was registered before patient enrollment at https://cris.nih.go.kr (KCT0004244).
New sulphonamide pyrolidine carboxamide derivatives: Synthesis, molecular docking, antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities
Authors: Onoabedje Efeturi A. , Ibezim Akachukwu , Okoro Uchechukwu C. , Batra Sanjay
Published: February 2021

Carboxamides bearing sulphonamide functionality have been shown to exhibit significant lethal effect on Plasmodium falciparum, the causative agent of human malaria. Here we report the synthesis of thirty-two new drug-like sulphonamide pyrolidine carboxamide derivatives and their antiplasmodial and antioxidant capabilities. In addition, molecular docking was used to check their binding affinities for homology modelled P. falciparum N-myristoyltransferase, a confirmed drug target in the pathogen. Results revealed that sixteen new derivatives killed the parasite at single-digit micromolar concentration (IC50 = 2.40–8.30 μM) and compounds 10b, 10c, 10d, 10j and 10o scavenged DPPH radicals at IC50s (6.48, 8.49, 3.02, 6.44 and 4.32 μg/mL respectively) comparable with 1.06 μg/mL for ascorbic acid. Compound 10o emerged as the most active of the derivatives to bind to the PfNMT with theoretical inhibition constant (Ki = 0.09 μM) comparable to the reference ligand pyrazole-sulphonamide (Ki = 0.01 μM). This study identifies compound 10o, and this series in general, as potential antimalarial candidate with antioxidant activity which requires further attention to optimise activity.
Renal function impairment in cervical cancer patients treated with cisplatin-based chemoradiation: A review of medical records in a Zimbabwean outpatient department
Authors: Manyau Pinky M. C. , Mabeka Mensil , Mudzviti Tinashe , Kadzatsa Webster , Nyamhunga Albert
Published: February 2021

Background

There is a potential increase in risk of renal function impairment among patients with invasive cervical cancer (ICC) who are HIV-positive and treated with cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT). This concern is due to overlapping nephrotoxicity of the drugs, and nephropathy from the diseases themselves. There is limited literature available for the short-term renal outcomes for HIV-positive patients with ICC during routine clinical management. This study aimed to assess if HIV-infection increased the risk of renal impairment in ICC patients treated with CCRT, and explore the respective risk factors.

Materials and methods

This was a retrospective review of records of ICC patients treated with at least one cycle of weekly cisplatin during CCRT at the Parirenyatwa Radiotherapy Center from January 2017-December 2018. The RIFLE criteria were used to classify renal impairment. Analyses were performed with Fisher’s Exact tests, Wilcoxon rank sum tests. Odds ratios (OR) were generated using logistic regression. All statistical tests were 2-sided at a 5% level of significance.

Results

Seventy-two eligible patients were identified, 32 (44.44%) were HIV-positive. HIV-positive patients were younger (p = 0.002), had lower albumin levels (p = 0.014) and received lower cisplatin doses (p = 0.044). The mean percent reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from baseline was -19% (95% CI: -25.9% to -13.2%) for all patients. Thirty-one (43.1%) patients experienced renal impairment, 50% and 37.5% of HIV-positive and -negative patients respectively (p = 0.287). HIV-infection was associated with an adjusted OR of 1.16 (95% CI 0.35–3.43, p = 0.769). Baseline eGFR< 60ml/min was the only independent predictor of renal impairment, OR 0.25 (95% CI: 0.07–0.85). Baseline eGFR<60ml/min was also associated with receipt of lower cisplatin doses (p = 0.044).

Conclusion

HIV-infection was not associated with elevated risk of renal impairment. Patients with an eGFR<60ml/min appear to be managed more cautiously reducing their risk for renal impairment during cisplatin therapy. The high prevalence of renal impairment in this population suggests the need for optimization of pre-treatment protocols.
Trends in vegetation productivity related to climate change in China’s Pearl River Delta
Authors: Abbas Sawaid , Nichol Janet E. , Wong Man Sing
Published: February 2021

Climate change will be a powerful stressor on ecosystems and biodiversity in the second half of the 21st century. In this study, we used the satellite-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to examine a 34-year trend along with the response of vegetation to climate indicators surrounding the world’s largest megacity: the Pearl River Delta (PRD) of China. An overall increasing trend is observed in vegetation productivity metrics over the study period 1982 to 2015. Increase in winter productivity in both natural ecosystems and croplands is more related to increasing temperatures (r = 0.5–0.78), than to changes in rainfall. For growing season productivity, negative correlations with temperature were observed in cropland regions, and some forests in the northern part of PRD region, suggesting high-temperature stress on crop production and forest vegetation. However, increased winter and spring temperatures provide higher opportunities for cropping in winter. During the decade 1995–2004, vegetation productivity metrics showed a reversal in the upward trend. The geographical and biological complexity of the region under significant climatic and development impacts suggests causative factors would be synergistic. These include our observed decrease in sunshine hours, increasing cloud cover associated with atmospheric aerosols from industrial and urban development, direct pollution effects on plant growth, and exceedance of high temperature growth thresholds.
The amoral atheist? A cross-national examination of cultural, motivational, and cognitive antecedents of disbelief, and their implications for morality
Authors: Ståhl Tomas
Published: February 2021

There is a widespread cross-cultural stereotype suggesting that atheists are untrustworthy and lack a moral compass. Is there any truth to this notion? Building on theory about the cultural, (de)motivational, and cognitive antecedents of disbelief, the present research investigated whether there are reliable similarities as well as differences between believers and disbelievers in the moral values and principles they endorse. Four studies examined how religious disbelief (vs. belief) relates to endorsement of various moral values and principles in a predominately religious (vs. irreligious) country (the U.S. vs. Sweden). Two U.S. M-Turk studies (Studies 1A and 1B,N= 429) and two large cross-national studies (Studies 2–3,N= 4,193), consistently show that disbelievers (vs. believers) are less inclined to endorse moral values that serve group cohesion (the binding moral foundations). By contrast, only minor differences between believers and disbelievers were found in endorsement of other moral values (individualizing moral foundations, epistemic rationality). It is also demonstrated that presumed cultural and demotivational antecedents of disbelief (limited exposure to credibility-enhancing displays, low existential threat) are associated with disbelief. Furthermore, these factors are associated with weaker endorsement of the binding moral foundations in both countries (Study 2). Most of these findings were replicated in Study 3, and results also show that disbelievers (vs. believers) have a more consequentialist view of morality in both countries. A consequentialist view of morality was also associated with another presumed antecedent of disbelief—analytic cognitive style.
Effects of face masks on speech recognition in multi-talker babble noise
Authors: Toscano Joseph C. , Toscano Cheyenne M.
Published: February 2021

Face masks are an important tool for preventing the spread of COVID-19. However, it is unclear how different types of masks affect speech recognition in different levels of background noise. To address this, we investigated the effects of four masks (a surgical mask, N95 respirator, and two cloth masks) on recognition of spoken sentences in multi-talker babble. In low levels of background noise, masks had little to no effect, with no more than a 5.5% decrease in mean accuracy compared to a no-mask condition. In high levels of noise, mean accuracy was 2.8-18.2% lower than the no-mask condition, but the surgical mask continued to show no significant difference. The results demonstrate that different types of masks generally yield similar accuracy in low levels of background noise, but differences between masks become more apparent in high levels of noise.
Transcriptome analysis of yellow passion fruit in response to cucumber mosaic virus infection
Authors: Chen Lijuan , Sun Donglei , Zhang Xingxing , Shao Danqing , Lu Yinglin , An Yuxing
Published: February 2021

The cultivation and production of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) are severely affected by viral disease. Yet there have been few studies of the molecular response of passion fruit to virus attack. In the present study, RNA-based transcriptional profiling (RNA-seq) was used to identify the gene expression profiles in yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) leaves following inoculation with cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Six RNA-seq libraries were constructed comprising a total of 42.23 Gb clean data. 1,545 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained (701 upregulated and 884 downregulated). Gene annotation analyses revealed that genes associated with plant hormone signal transduction, transcription factors, protein ubiquitination, detoxification, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, photosynthesis and chlorophyll metabolism were significantly affected by CMV infection. The represented genes activated by CMV infection corresponded to transcription factors WRKY family, NAC family, protein ubiquitination and peroxidase. Several DEGs encoding protein TIFY, pathogenesis-related proteins, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerases also were upregualted by CMV infection. Overall, the information obtained in this study enriched the resources available for research into the molecular-genetic mechanisms of the passion fruit/CMV interaction, and might provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and management of passion fruit viral disease in the field.
A robust method for the detection of small changes in relaxation parameters and free water content in the vicinity of the substantia nigra in Parkinson’s disease patients
Authors: Dzieciol Krzysztof , Iordanishvili Elene , Abbas Zaheer , Nahimi Adjmal , Winterdahl Michael , Shah N. Jon
Published: February 2021

Alterations in the substantia nigra are strongly associated with Parkinson’s disease. However, due to low contrast and partial volume effects present in typical MRI images, the substantia nigra is not of sufficient size to obtain a reliable segmentation for region-of-interest based analysis. To combat this problem, the approach proposed here offers a method to investigate and reveal changes in quantitative MRI parameters in the vicinity of substantia nigra without any a priori delineation. This approach uses an alternative method of statistical, voxel-based analysis of quantitative maps and was tested on 18 patients and 15 healthy controls using a well-established, quantitative free water mapping protocol. It was possible to reveal the topology and the location of pathological changes in the substantia nigra and its vicinity. Moreover, a decrease in free water content, T1 and T2* in the vicinity of substantia nigra was indicated in the Parkinson’s disease patients compared to the healthy controls. These findings reflect a disruption of grey matter and iron accumulation, which is known to lead to neurodegeneration. Consequently, the proposed method demonstrates an increased sensitivity for the detection of pathological changes—even in small regions—and can facilitate disease monitoring via quantitative MR parameters.
Functional vitamin K insufficiency, vascular calcification and mortality in advanced chronic kidney disease: A cohort study
Authors: Dai Lu , Li Longkai , Erlandsson Helen , Jaminon Armand M. G. , Qureshi Abdul Rashid , Ripsweden Jonaz , Brismar Torkel B. , Witasp Anna , Heimbürger Olof , Jørgensen Hanne Skou , Barany Peter , Lindholm Bengt , Evenepoel Pieter , Schurgers Leon J. , Stenvinkel Peter
Published: February 2021

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) suffer from vitamin K deficiency and are at high risk of vascular calcification (VC) and premature death. We investigated the association of functional vitamin K deficiency with all-cause mortality and whether this association is modified by the presence of VC in CKD stage 5 (CKD G5). Plasma dephosphorylated-uncarboxylated matrix Gla-protein (dp-ucMGP), a circulating marker of functional vitamin K deficiency, and other laboratory and clinical data were determined in 493 CKD G5 patients. VC was assessed in subgroups by Agatston scoring of coronary artery calcium (CAC) and aortic valve calcium (AVC). Backward stepwise regression did not identify dp-ucMGP as an independent determinant of VC. During a median follow-up of 42 months, 93 patients died. Each one standard deviation increment in dp-ucMGP was associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (sub-hazard ratio (sHR) 1.17; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.37) adjusted for age, sex, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, body mass index, inflammation, and dialysis treatment. The association remained significant when further adjusted for CAC and AVC in sub-analyses (sHR 1.22, 1.01–1.48 and 1.27, 1.01–1.60, respectively). In conclusion, functional vitamin K deficiency associates with increased mortality risk that is independent of the presence of VC in patients with CKD G5.
Collaborative Ethics: Choreographing within the system and beyond
Authors: Collaborative AGA
Published: February 2021

Examining our collaborative choreographic process and embodied investigation of accomplishment, this article argues that our ongoing performance-making practice offers new insights about a systematized, continual demand for productivity that prioritizes the individual. Focusing on our recent trio of dances, choreographed from 2015 to the present, we propose that our collaborative process and relationship intervene on neo-liberal conditioning within academia and provide a different approach to shared institutional experiences. Our insistence on co-authorship and cooperation, both onstage and on the page, creates an undercurrent of resistance to dominating structures of scholarship and hyper-valuing of individual achievement.
The ethics of imagining and the dramaturgy of spectatorship
Authors: Kallenbach Ulla
Published: February 2021

This article will address the ethical aspects of imagination and spectating. Since Plato’s denunciation of imagination in The Republic and Aristotle’s judgement in De Anima that ‘imaginings are for the most part false’, the notion of the human imagination has been controversial. In relation to theatrical performance, key issues concern how performance acts on the imagination of the spectator – and what actions of the spectator’s imagination might perform in return. In this article, I will address the ethics of imagination: as an examination of truth and falseness, as an issue of responsibility and choice, as a social imaginary and a narrative imagination that allows one to relate to the other, and finally as an exploration of the embodied basis of imagination, which again involves a questioning of the line between the real and the imaginary. In conclusion, I will take Sarah Kane’s Cleansed and Tim Crouch’s The Author as examples of two plays that explicitly address the ethics of imagining.
‘You can’t just take bits of my story and put them into some play’: Ethical dramaturgy in the contemporary Australian performance climate
Authors: Pike Shane , Mackay Sasha , Whelan Michael , Hadley Bree , Kelly Kathryn
Published: February 2021

In Australia a vibrant tradition of participatory and often politically motivated performance work developed under the term ‘community arts and cultural development’ across the 1980s, 1990s and early 2000s. In this body of practice, considerations of ethics are articulated through process, practices and representation rather than content. Though effective, community arts as it developed in Australia is often time, resource and emotionally intensive for artists, community participants and audiences. In recent years, retraction of funding, as well as shifts in practice towards live art, performance art and relational aesthetics have reduced the resources available for these once prominent practices. Practitioners are confronting challenges and needing to develop new ways of working in an operating environment where long-term consultation is not necessarily possible or preferred by stakeholders. In this article, we reflect on the current state of play for practitioners seeking to develop ethical dramaturgy in performance works that collaborate with communities to tell life stories or represent participants’ lived experiences in Australia. Through examples from our own practice, as practice-led researchers, we consider how work in this sector is under strain and experiencing scarcity, precarity and an increasing lack of access to institutional resources that have historically enabled ethically rigorous dramaturgical practices. We aim, through this process, to rediscover and rearticulate an ethical dramaturgy for deployment in the Australian environment as it exists today.
Using a Black pedagogy of care to develop ethics of engagement with police brutality videos
Authors: Gray Les
Published: February 2021

This reflection considers what it means to ethically engage with material, specifically that which contains harm perpetuated against Black bodies by the police. In the height of this particular critical moment, I address the continued harm that is caused by white folks purposefully avoiding videos of Black trauma. Deploying a pedagogy of care, I attempt to bring attention to those that have divorced themselves from larger political narratives by turning away from those events that are a fundamental part of the unfinished emancipation of Black people in United States.
Risk, Participation, and Performance Practice: Critical Vulnerabilities in a Precarious World, Alice O’Grady (ed.) (2017)
Authors: White Gareth
Published: February 2021

Review of: Risk, Participation, and Performance Practice: Critical Vulnerabilities in a Precarious World, Alice O’Grady (ed.) (2017)

London: Palgrave Macmillan, 264 pp.,

ISBN 978-3-31963-242-1, e-book, €93.59

ISBN 978-3-31963-241-4, h/bk, €93.59

ISBN 978-3-31987-506-4, p/bk, €74.89
Prison Cultures: Performance, Resistance, Desire, Aylwyn Walsh (2019)
Authors: McAvinchey Caoimhe
Published: February 2021

Review of: Prison Cultures: Performance, Resistance, Desire, Aylwyn Walsh (2019)

Bristol and Chicago, IL: Intellect, 274 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-78938-106-1, e-PUB, £85.00

ISBN 978-1-78938-107-8, e-PDF, £68.00

ISBN 978-1-78938-105-4, h/bk, £68.00
Moment Work: Tectonic Theater Project’s Method of Creating Drama, Moisés Kaufman and Barbara Pitts McAdams (2018)
Authors: Cole Jonathan
Published: February 2021

Review of: Moment Work: Tectonic Theater Project’s Method of Creating Drama, Moisés Kaufman and Barbara Pitts McAdams (2018)

New York: Vintage Books and Random House, 224 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-10197-178-9, e-book, $12.99

ISBN 978-1-10197-177-2, p/bk, $18.95
Las ciudades y el agua. Nuevas relaciones entre cultura-naturaleza en los frentes costeros contemporáneos
Authors: Galimberti Cecilia Inés
Published: February 2021

Los frentes costeros han sido, históricamente, ámbito de diversas apropiaciones de las sociedades. Estos espacios de interfaz entre tierra y agua condensan distintos intereses, generalmente sintetizados en la disputa trabajo Vs. ocio. Especialmente desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX, frente a numerosos cambios en los modos de producción, los sectores ribereños localizados en áreas estratégicas centrales de las ciudades quedan obsoletos. En este sentido, estos espacios se reposicionan como un lugar expectante de transformación, a partir de su reconversión para nuevos espacios públicos que posibiliten el desarrollo de actividades y apropiaciones colectivas. En el presente trabajo se indaga en las renovaciones de los frentes costeros de seis ciudades de diferentes partes del mundo, a fin de analizar críticamente estos paisajes del agua como neoecosistemas desde una particular relación del binomio naturaleza-cultura.
Paisajes invisibles. El viñedo en el área periurbana del Gran Mendoza (Argentina) a la luz de la Carta del Paisaje de las Américas
Authors: Girini Liliana Beatriz , Médico Carina Marcela
Published: February 2021

El artículo hace foco en el paisaje del viñedo del área periurbana del Gran Mendoza que se ve amenazado por el avance de la urbanización con la pérdida de fincas con vides y olivares de fines del siglo XIX y principios del XX. La preservación de este paisaje es prioritaria no solo por su valor económico-productivo sino por sus valores ambientales, identitarios y culturales. Sin embargo, desaparece, es invisible tanto para los que lo viven, como para los que deberían protegerlo y gestionarlo desde la esfera pública. El trabajo propone su análisis a través de la Carta del Paisaje de las Américas (CPA) mediante los estratos, que, según este documento, componen al paisaje americano. Los resultados muestran las posibilidades de esta Carta como instrumento operativo tanto para identificar los componentes, sus relaciones e interdependencias, así como también revelar su “carácter”, valores, potencialidades y los conflictos subyacentes. Los mismos resultan orientadores para la gestión y el diseño de catálogos que aseguren su protección.
IDENTIFIKASI DAN FENOLOGI KOLEKSI Canarium hirsutum Willd. DI KEBUN RAYA BOGOR
Authors: Endewip Lydia Natalia , Astuti Inggit Puji , Witono Joko Ridho , Sumanto
Published: February 2021

Canarium cf. hirsutum koleksi Kebun Raya Bogor vak Z.200–200a, berasal dari Sulawesi Utara, memiliki karakter morfologi yang berbeda dengan jenis Canarium lainnya. Karakter morfologi yang berbeda adalah adanya bulu-bulu cokelat dan tajam pada tangkai daun, helaian daun, pucuk tunas, dan kulit buahnya, serta tidak memiliki daun penumpu. Selain itu, kedua koleksi ini mengalami gugur daun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan nama jenis yang valid dari Canarium cf. hirsutum di vak Z.200 dan 200a beserta data fenologinya. Identifikasi dilakukan secara observatif, dengan pengamatan pada karakter morfologi daun, batang, bunga, buah, dan anatomi bunga. Selanjutnya dibandingkan dengan spesimen tipe, protolog, herbarium, dan literatur. Dari hasil reidentifikasi, kedua koleksi merupakan jenis Canarium hirsutum Willd. Kedua koleksi tersebut berumah dua (dioecious), pohon betina pada Z.200a dan pohon jantan pada Z.200. Kedua koleksi mengalami gugur daun, dua kali setahun, yakni pada Februari hingga Maret dan September hingga Oktober. Proses gugur daun terjadi selama 1–2 bulan, dan kondisi tanpa daun selama 7–10 hari. Pohon betina Z.200a menghasilkan bunga empat kali dan berbuah dua kali. Pohon jantan Z.200 menghasilkan bunga dua kali. Buah muda muncul 35 hari setelah muncul perbungaan. Perkembangan dari buah muda hingga panen selama 10 bulan. Perkecambahan biji sebanyak lima kecambah dari 18 buah (27,7%) yang disemai pada Maret 2020, dengan lama waktu 44–93 hari setelah semai. Penelitian ini perlu dilanjutkan khususnya terkait dengan karakter struktur bunga jantan dan betina, butiran polen, dan repestifnya kepala putik.
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS POHON DAN POTENSI SERAPAN KARBON TAMAN KEHATI BUMI PATRA, INDRAMAYU, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Nur Muhammad Heriyanto , Hendra Gunawan
Published: February 2021

Pemerintah Indonesia berkomitmen menurunkan emisi gas rumah kaca, antara lain melalui pencegahan deforestasi dan penanaman pohon. Penanaman pohon di perkotaan antara lain dilakukan melalui pembangunan hutan kota dan taman keanekaragaman hayati (taman kehati). Taman kehati memiliki fungsi meningkatkan keanekaragaman hayati di perkotaan dan menyerap gas rumah kaca. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman jenis pohon di Taman Kehati Bumi Patra, dan kontribusinya terhadap serapan karbon. Inventarisasi dan pengukuran diameter dan tinggi pohon dilakukan dengan metode sensus. Hasil penelitian mencatat Taman Kehati Bumi Patra memiliki luas 19,30 hektare memiliki tanaman 38 jenis, berjumlah 1.889 pohon atau kerapatan rata-ratanya 98 pohon per hektar. Indeks keanekaragaman jenis (H’) vegetasi di taman kehati ini adalah 3,16, dengan indeks kemerataan jenis (e) 0,90 dan indeks kekayaan jenis ® 5,36. Biomassa dan kandungan karbon di Taman Kehati Bumi Patra sebesar 123,38 ton setara dengan 61,69 ton C. Rata-rata potensi biomassa dan karbon per hektar adalah 6,38 ton/ha atau 3,120 ton C/ha. Potensi biomassa dan kandungan karbon didominasi oleh angsana (Pterocarpus indicus Willd) dan mangga (Mangifera indica L.), masing-masing sebesar 119,44 ton (59,72 ton C) dan 2,62 ton (1,31 ton C).
Milyen értéket teremt a szabadidő sport és mi a kapcsolata a versenyképességgel? (What value is created by leisure sport and what is its relationship with the competitiveness?)
Authors: Szabó Ágnes
Published: February 2021

A sport egyre fontosabb tényezővé válik a társadalomban, és gazdasági súlya is egyre szignifikánsabban jelentkezik. A sportgazdaságtani írások nagy része azonban a hivatásos sporttal foglalkozik, a szabadidősport nem kap elég súlyt. Downward és szerzőtársai még 2009-ben is az elméleti és gyakorlati munkák hiányára hívták fel a figyelmet. Jelen cikk a szabadidősporttal kíván foglalkozni, és célja, hogy bemutassa, milyen értéket teremt a szabadidősport az egyén, a vállalatok, a társadalom és a gazdaság számára, valamint azt, hogy az egyes szereplők a szabadidősport által milyen módon lehetnek versenyképesebbek. A szabadidősport és a versenyképesség rövid fogalmi definiálása után a szerző bemutatja az irodalom-feldolgozás és a 31 kvalitatív mélyinterjú kapcsolódó eredményeit. ___________________ Sport has always been an important part of society but it is now becoming an increasingly important part of the economy. The sport management literature mostly deals with competitive sport, leisure sport has a week position. Downward et al.have written about the lack of theoretical and empirical works in the area of leisure sport. This article deals with leisure sport, the aim of the author’s work is: to present the value creation of leisure sport for individuals, companies, for society and economy, and to examine how they could be more competitive through leisure sport. After presenting short definitions of leisure sport and competitiveness, the author does literature review and presents the most important thoughts of the articles and the results of my 31 qualitative in-depth interviews.
An Efficient and Feasible Solar Irrigation System Including AC Mini-Grid Designed for Bangladeshi Agriculture
Authors: Amin Al , Tanni Tasmiah Fatema , Rahman , Md. Habibur , Khan Md. Rezwan , Asaduzzaman Miah Md.
Published: February 2021

The idea of introducing a mini-grid along with irrigation is originated considering the huge load shedding of a particular area. People of that area remain without electricity for approximately 6-8 hours in a day. A small survey was also conducted on 50 houses of Teghoria, Poradaho, Mirpur, Kushtia, Bangladesh and data were collected about their electricity demand during the time of load shedding every day. The mini-grid would be powered by the extra energy coming from the irrigation panel. This was done simply by changing the run time of the motor in an efficient way. The run time of the motor varies in different seasons. HOMER software was used to calculate the cost analysis of the proposed model for irrigation along with ac mini-grid. The proposed model provides two welfares. The first one is that the rural farmers can get water for irrigation with a lower installment which is shown in the paper. The second one is that the demand of electricity of rural people during load shedding can also be fulfilled from the ac mini-grid. Therefore, the overall cost can be minimized and the new irrigation system becomes more feasible for rural farmers as well as for the owners.
Towards a Different Knowledge: the Knjiženstvo Database and the Digitisation of Materials
Authors: Dojčinović Biljana , Kolarić Ana
Published: February 2021

The first part of this paper introduces the concept of digital humanities and the phases that some researchers note in the development of the humanities in new, digital media, as well as the role of digital humanities in the promotion of the marginalised literatures, particularly that written by women. The core example is the digital database Knjiženstvo, certain segments of which contain not only the data on the texts, but the digitised texts as well. In this paper, we pose the question on how databases can be involved in the creation of new knowledge at all educational levels. To this effect, we necessarily expand certain segments of the database to include those publications on which they already contain information. In relation to this, it has been observed that one of the greatest problems is the part of the database dealing with the periodicals – both women and feminist – and therefore, the second part of the paper is dedicated to this topic. We first analyze the terms women and feminist magazines, and afterwards, we consider the ways in which the materials from these periodicals could be gathered, classified and connected.
Споменът като архив. Елка Константинова в една недовършена анкета
Authors: Александрова Надежда
Published: February 2021

Elka Konstantinova is a well-known name in Poland. She has defined her work as a lecturer at the Jagiellonian University in Krakow and as a diplomat in Warsaw as an important part of her life. The text presents an unknown and unpublished survey on her memories about her work in Poland and the circumstances of preparing this unfinished survey ment to deal with the question of Konstantinova’s biography and memories.
Milady Součkovej prywatne archiwum pamięci (na podstawie opowiadania Rok šestašedesátý ze zbioru Neznámý člověk)
Authors: Woźniak Kamila
Published: February 2021

This article presents an analysis of one of the short stories authored by Czech writer – Milada Součková: the short story Rok šestašedesátý included in the collection entitled Neznámý člověk (published in 1962, written in 1943). The introduction addresses the issues related to the clarification of the concept of a memory archive and the concept of the archive itself. Its characteristics, i.e. a certain arrangement of the collection, its permanent structure and three essential aspects of archiving are indicated: searching, saving and storing. These aspects are also typical of the structure of the analysed prose authored by Milada Součková. The next part of the article (Neznámý člověk as a private archive of memory) pertains to the entire above-metioned volume of the stories whose characteristic motif is the motif of memory linked with space, time and history. In the further parts of the article, the author goes on to the structural and interpretative analysis of the story she is interested in. She draws attention to such aspects as memory figures, i.e. time and space, thematic associations, memory carriers and memory traces and places. In conclusion, she draws attention to three components of the Milada Součková’s private memory archive: the memory of the language, the memory of the father and the memory of the historical events taking place in 1866.
Документалното наследство на Кирила Възвъзова-Каратеодорова в Националната библиотека „Св. Св. Кирил и Методий“
Authors: Божилова Радина
Published: February 2021

Kirila Vazvazova-Karateodorova is a notable Bulgarian archivist, archeographer and an author of numerous studies dedicated to the Bulgarian Revival. A small part of the documents related to her landmark are stored in the National Library ‟St. St. Cyril and Methodius.” Although few of these documents reveal part of her personal and creative path.
Pułapki (nie)pamięci. Przedstawienia GUŁagu w kulturze XXI wieku: literatura, film i sztuka
Authors: Artwińska Anna
Published: February 2021

The subject of the article is the review of the book “Inwiefern ist das heute inter-essant?” Erinnerungen an den stalinistischen Gulag im 21. Jahrhundert by the German literary scholar Nina Friess (2016), which is dealing with the contemporary Russian memory of the Gulag. The goal is to show how the author interprets and contextualizes memory practices in today’s Russia and which texts are crucial for her as manifestations of these remembering strategies (and forgetting as well). Reading this book allows to form the thesis that the extreme experience of the Soviet camps is still a controversial issue in the Russian culture and that the memory of it is full of gaps and empty spaces, even though at the same time this subject increasinly finds its way into popular cultural (graphic novels and crime thrillers).
Homozygous NF-kB1 mutation causing combined immunodeficiency: a histopathological analysis
Authors: Garkaby Jenny , Ngan Bo
Published: February 2021

Introduction: The nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) signaling pathway plays a major role in mediating multiple cellular processes, including immune and inflammatory responses.

Aims: We describe the histopathological findings of lymph nodes from a patient with a homozygous NF-kB subunit 1 (NF-kB1) mutation causing a combined immunodeficiency phenotype.

Results: A nodal biopsy was performed for lymphadenopathy evaluation, in the context of development of persistent EBV infection. Our findings show that this patient has normal lymph node tissue present, however, abnormal histopathology features were observed, including atrophic germinal centers. B cell subset components within the B cell domain were also analyzed. The development of the B cell response during EBV infection was found to be significantly impaired.

Conclusion: Aberrant signaling due to NF-kB1 deficiency has a significant impact on the development of B cell immunoproliferative responses.

Statement of novelty: We report on the abnormal histopathology findings of lymph node biopsy from a patient with homozygous NF-kB1 mutation.