bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distribution Feature of Soil Particles and Land Use Pattern on Platform Garden in South Fujian
Authors: Xiao Bao Yu , Zhang Wen Kai , Chen Xiu Ling
Published: December 2014

By fieldwork, this paper analyzed the distribution feature of soil particles and its mechanism on the platform gardern in South Fujian, the results showed that the deeper to the earth, the bigger the soil particles were, and the soil particles became bigger with the surface became higher and steeper, style of cultivation and plants had close relation with the soil particles size at the same time. Applying organic fertilizer and taking reasonable land use pattern are presented to improve the soil particle structure and rural urbanization finally.
Natural Potential and Sustainable Development of a Territory
Authors: Lebedev Yuriy Vladimirovitch , Anufriev Valery Pavlovitch , Anufrieva Elena Ilyinichna
Published: December 2014

In the article the forests are considered as a key element of the “ecological infrastructure” defining living conditions of people. The welfare of more than one billion of people depends on forest goods and services in many respects. The forests are a habitat of the majority of land species, they contribute into stability of agriculture, health care and other sectors connected with flora and fauna.
Cleaner Production Potential of Industries in Liao River Basin
Authors: Li Lin Zi , Fu Ze Qiang , Shen Peng
Published: December 2014

Through the key industries identification process, this study identified seven of key industries in Liao River basin, to evaluate the cleaner production potential of industries in the basin. The results indicated that, without the adverse impact on the economic growth, by 2020, under the high cost cleaner production solution, COD and NH3-N production would be 17.02% and 19.17% less than that of 2012, so that industrial emissions of major pollutants in the basin could be 15% less in comparison with that in 2012, as long as the end-of-pipe treatment ratio maintains the level in 2012.
Effects of Water-Nitrogen Coupling on Dry Matter and Nutrient Accumulation of Flue-Cured Tobacco
Authors: Shao Xiao Hou , Hou Mao Mao , Chen Jing Nan , Yuan You Bo , Ding Fu Zhang
Published: December 2014

In order to explore the effects of water-nitrogen coupling on dry matter and nutrient accumulation of flue-cured tobacco, 9 treatments with different lowest limits and nitrogen fertilizer amount were designed, and the distribution and accumulation of dry matter and nutrient (N, P and K) of flue-cured tobaccos under water-nitrogen coupling treatments were observed. Results showed that: (1) High irrigation amount could not certainly increase the dry matter accumulation of tobacco root, but which was beneficial to the dry matter accumulation of whole tobacco plant. (2) Dry weight proportion of flue-cured tobacco leaves was highest, which was above 55% among the treatments. (3) Higher water and nitrogen promoted the nutrient accumulation of flue-cured tobaccos, nutrient content of W3N3, W3N2 and W2N2 was higher compared to other treatments.
Study on Cascade Energy Storage Operation Chart Optimization of Li Xianjiang Basin Based on Progressive Optimal Algorithm
Authors: Wang Li Ping , Sun Ping , Jiang Zhi Qiang , Wang Bo Quan , Zhang Yan Ke
Published: December 2014

Based on the cascade reservoirs of Li Xianjiang basin, the study of cascade energy storage operation chart was carried out in this paper. Combining the commonly used discriminant method in joint dispatching of cascade reservoirs, the drawing method of energy storage scheduling figure was described detailedly, especially the calculation process of deriving the typical runoff that corresponds to the up and down basic scheduling lines. Considering the power generation reliability was enhanced when implementing the joint operation for cascade reservoirs, the maximum power generation model based on energy storage operation chart was proposed in this paper, and the progressive search method is used in the solving process of the model in a certain range of guaranteed output. In addition, result of the model was further optimized by using Progressive Optimal Algorithm, and comparing the optimized result with the conventional dispatching scheme under the unchanged guaranteed output, the power generation has increased 0.04 million kWh and assurance rate increased 9%.
Determining the Extent and Condition of Riparian Zones in Alternative Drinking Water Supply of Xiquanyan Reservoir, China
Authors: Liang Xiong Wei , Wang Li , Ma Fang , Shan Dan , Jiang Xiao Feng , Li Zhe
Published: December 2014

Riparian buffer zones (RBZ) plays important roles in the quality of surface water, the width and the connection of RBZ are related with the pollution removal effect. This paper evaluates the RBZ conditions in the basin of Xiquanyan reservoir which is an alternative drinking water supply reservoir. Using the software of ENVI to extract the RBZ distribution map from the image of Landsat 8; GIS and Fragstats were used to evaluate the status of RBZ. Divide the basin of Xiquanyan reservoir in to four divisions. The river lengthy, areas, average width of RBZ, SD, AI, and CONTAG were identified in each division. The result shows: (1) The total area of RBZ in the basin of Xiquanyan reservoir is adequate; however, the distribution of RBZ is uneven, part of it is too large, part of it is too small; (2) the connection of RBZ is good in part of the basin, it needs to improve the quality in the fourth division, western part of the Xiquanyan reservoir.
Content Variations of ATP-Related Compounds and Quality Assessment of Tilapia Fillets during Iced Storage
Authors: Sun Lei Lei , Huang Hui , Li Lai Hao , Yang Xian Qing , Hao Shu Xian , Chen Yu Feng , Wei Ya , Hu Xiao , Zhao Yong Qiang
Published: December 2014

To explore the biochemical changes of tilapia fillets during iced storage, contents of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and its degradation products were monitored by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), along with ATPase and the freshness indicators such as the values ofK,Ki,H,Fr, total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) were determined to evaluate the quality of iced tilapia fillets. The results showed that ATP, adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) in iced tilapia fillets degraded sharply into inosine monophosphate (IMP) at the first day of storage, then almost kept stable in a low level over the rest of iced storage time. Meanwhile, IMP degraded into hypoxantjine (Hx) and inosine (HxR) with the extending storage time, and Hx as well as HxR accumulated. The changes of values ofK,Ki,H,Frwith iced storage time presented a significant linear correlation (P<0.01, r=0.945, 0.943, 0.924, -0.943, respectively). ATPase activities were associated with the degradation of ATP. The contents of IMP, Hx, HxR, values ofK,Ki,H,Frand ATPase activities can be used as practical and effective indicators for quality assessment of tilapia fillets during iced storage instead of TVB-N and TBA.
Application of Carboxymethyl Chitosan on Adsorbent Detoxification of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning Toxins from Chlamys nobilis
Authors: Zhang Song Shan , Jin Jing , Li Qing Peng , Ha Yi Ming
Published: December 2014

This study investigates the effectiveness of adding carboxymethyl chitosan during steam cooking as an adsorbent for detoxifying paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins (PSP toxins) in the scallop Chlamys nobilis. Toxin analysis using a mouse bioassay test and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method (LC–MS) showed that most of the PSP toxins (>80%) were contained in the visceral compartment of the raw scallops. Overall, 82.2Mu/100g of PSP toxins were released from scallop tissues during steaming. The toxicity of the soup steamed with 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.6%, 1.0% and 1.5% carboxymethyl chitosan decreased the toxin content by 35.6%, 44%, 48.4%, 53.3% and 56.9% (p<0.005), respectively. The relative PSP toxin content in the raw adductor muscle was comparable to those after steaming or steaming with carboxymethyl chitosan (p > 0.05).The PSP toxin concentrations in the adductor muscles, gills + mantle and visceral compartments steamed with 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.6%, 1% and 1.5% carboxymethyl chitosan were not significantly different from those in the corresponding raw samples. The LC–MS analysis showed that the adsorbance of carboxymethyl chitosan for each of the PSP toxins was positive correlation with concentration, although the uptake efficiency of each toxin was different. The reduction in toxin content of all analyzed toxins reached 45.6%, 30.2%, 44.5%, 55.9% and 37.6% under the corresponding carboxymethyl chitosan concentrationsis.
The Process Conditions of Extracting Polysaccharides from Dendrocalamus latiflorus by Cellulase
Authors: Ma Xie , Zhong Yue Sheng , Zhang Feng Zheng
Published: December 2014

The study is focused on the extracting polysaccharide from Dendrocalamus latiflorus with assisted enzyme and cool water to maintain its biological activity. The optimized conditions for the cellulase process are listed as follows The enzymatic hydrolysis temperature stays 50°C. The mass fraction of cellulase (MFC) is 0.4% on the basis of the mass of dry leaves. The volume of water added in is 20mL on the basis of the mass of dry leaves and the pH value of buffer solution remains 4.6. Under these conditions, the ratio of polysaccharides (RP) can be 0.92% after two extractions for 180min in total and its RP is 12.05% higher than the traditional process.
Antioxidant Properties of Tilapia Component Protein Hydrolysates and the Membrane Ultrafiltration Fractions
Authors: Chen Xing Xing , Hu Xiao , Li Lai Hao , Yang Xian Qing , Wu Yan Yan , Lin Wan Ling , Zhao Yong Qiang , Ma Hai Xia , Wei Ya
Published: December 2014

In this study, three kinds of component proteins of tilapia were hydrolyzed with papain for 4h. The effect of hydrolysis and the antioxidant activities of the resulting hydrolysates were characterized. The results showed sarcoplasmic protein hydrolysate had significantly (p < 0.05) highest scavenging ability against hydroxyl, superoxide, DPPH radicals and the total reducing power. Stroma protein hydrolysate had the highest nitrogen recovery (NR) while myofibrillar protein hydrolysate had the highest degree of hydrolysis (DH). Sarcoplasmic protein hydrolysate with high radical scavenging ability was separated by membrane ultrafiltration into four molecular size fractions (<5, 5–10, 10–100, >100kDa). It was found that the antioxidant activities of the <5kDa fraction were higher than that of other fractions. Overall, sarcoplasmic protein is more efficient to obtain antioxidant properties when compared to other component proteins of tilapia.
Effects of Two Trypsin Inhibitors on Trypsin in Activity and Structure
Authors: Dong Shu Ting , Zhang Hong , Xu Na , Li Ping , Xu Si Si , Xi Chun Yu
Published: December 2014

Two reversible trypsin inhibitors, Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) and Bowman-Birk trypsin inhibitor (BBI) were compared to find the more optimal one as the inhibit factor during trypsin immobilization. Fluorescence spectroscopy, UV–visible absorption spectroscopy and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy were used to explore the effects of the two inhibitors on trypsin in activity and structure. The results showed that both inhibitors combined with trypsin in 1:1. CD circular dichroism spectroscopy showed that KTI and BBI led to different changes in trypsin second structure. The results can help us find out the mechanism between the two inhibitors and trypsin and select the more optimal inhibitor in trypsin immobilization.
Effects Different Processing Techniques for Flavonoids from Buckwheat and Antioxidative
Authors: Piao Chun Hong , Liu Li Ping , Liu Jun Mei , Yu Han Song , Wang Yu Hua , Hu Yao Hui
Published: December 2014

the flavonoid existing in buckwheat is one of the important physiological active substances. This paper studies the baking and cooking, high pressure treatment on the effect of flavonoids from buckwheat and buckwheat grains. Results showed that buckwheat hull has little effect on processing of total flavonoids, after baking, cooking and hyperbaric treatment, buckwheat flavonoids solution rate increased by more than 70%. Instead, made of buckwheat flour dough, is greatly influenced by processing, adding a certain concentration of salt can alleviate the degradation of rutin in buckwheat, but relief is unlikely.
Effects of Dietary Selenium Supplements on the Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Activity of Neocaridina heteropoda (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae: Caridina ) Exposed to Ambient Sodium Polyphosphate
Authors: Wang Hong Wei , Wang Jian Xia , Yang Li Kun , Liu Long , Lu Shan Shan , Yang Fu Kai , Cai Duan Bo
Published: December 2014

To determine the effects of dietary selenium (Se) supplementary on muscle superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, oriental river prawn, Neocaridina heteropoda were exposed to sodium polyphosphate. For each concentration , the shrimps were grouped into control diet group, inorganic Se group and organic Se group. For each concentration, the order of total SOD activities were organic Se diet group > inorganic Se diet group > control diet group. With the increasing concentrations of sodium polyphosphate, the total SOD activities increased first and then decreased dramatically. This study indicated that Se supplementary in diet could enhance the resistance of shrimps against low concentrations of ambient Sodium polyphosphate.
Nutritional Value Change during Processing Forage Block from Under-Forest Interplanting Lolium Perenne
Authors: Chen Li Li , Feng Yan , Zhang Dang Quan , Luo Ying She , Chen Rong , Zhang Xiao Lei
Published: December 2014

In order to make use of the under-forest economy, Lolium perenne were interplanted under the trees, and the effect of coarse fodder processing on the nutrient content of under-forest interplanting Lolium perenne was analyzed. The result showed that the contents of calcium and phosphorus of under-forest interplanting Lolium perenne were 0.79% and 0.119%, while those of forage blocks processed were 0.82% and 0.115%, and the one starch-added were 0.74% and 0.125%, respectively. The calcium contents were 0.51%, 0.67% and 0.76% when the ratio of Lolium multiflorum/ Illicium verum were 100:1, 200:1 and 300:1 in the processed forage blocks, and the phosphorus contents were 0.121%, 0.123% and 0.127%, respectively. The results suggested that the coarse fodder processing and additive have no obvious influence on the mineral nutrients of Lolium perenne during forage block processing, and the optimal ratio of Lolium perenne/ Illicium verum is 300:1 in the forage.
Study of Optional Bands Combination of Landsat Imagery for Extracting Information of Ice Shelves
Authors: Liu Shu , Jiang Qi Gang , Xiao Yan , Yu Yi Fan
Published: December 2014

For the purpose of extracting the information of ice shelves, the statistical analysis of TM, ETM+ and Landsat8 OLI imagery of the typical area at the southwest corner of Wilkins Ice Shelf is conducted. Basic statistics of single bands were extracted and the correlation coefficients, joint entropy as well as the Optimum Index Factor among multiple bands were calculated. The results of experiments as well as the characteristics of spectrum characteristics of the surface features were taken into consideration comprehensively and the optional bands combinations were investigated. Results show that for TM and ETM + imagery, the combination of band 2, 3 and 4 is the optional bands combination. For L8 OLI imagery, the combination of band 3, 4 and 5 is the optional bands combination. In these two kinds of combinations, the images contain abundant information and moderate brightness. The features are more obvious to distinguish.
Modeling of Three-Dimensional Terrain Data for Intelligent Control of Unmanned Construction Machine in Deterministic Surfacing Process
Authors: Shen Xin Min , Zhou Jian Zhao , Han Li Qun
Published: December 2014

Deterministic surfacing technique is an effective method for intelligent control of operation planning of the unmanned construction machine, and its foundation is the accurate modeling of the three-dimensional terrain data. According to the digital elevation model based on regular grid, the modeling of 3D terrain surface data is obtained. The evaluation of residual error is further investigated, which is quite important for the iterated operation in deterministic surfacing. Through revealing flow chart of the deterministic surfacing method, the importance of the modeling of terrain data and that of the evaluation of residual error are emphasized. The study on modeling of terrain data will promote application of the deterministic surfacing in intelligent control of unmanned construction machine.
Coefficient Feature Extraction and Analysis on SAR Image with Non-Subsampled Contourlet Transform
Authors: Huang Shi Qi , You Hong
Published: December 2014

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) can obtain remote sensing data under all-weather and all-time, but the imaging principle is very complex and the right interpretation is more difficult. In this paper, using the characteristics of non-subsampled Contourlet transform (NSCT), including multi-scale, multi direction, anisotropy and shift invariant, the microscopic analysis and extraction of multi-scale features of SAR images is fully discussed. The purpose is to supply right interpretation for SAR image applications. The practical SAR image data is decomposed by NSCT and the decomposition coefficient features are extracted and discussed.
Geochemical Characteristics and Genesis Discussion with Rock Metallogenic Belt of Geza Island Arc, Yunnan
Authors: Liu Xue Long , Zhang Na , Wang Peng , Yang Fu Cheng
Published: December 2014

Geza island arc located in the southwest Sanjiang tectonic igneous rock belts which was a products of Ganzi-Litang oceanic crust diving to Zhongdian Landmasses in late Triassic. Lithogeochemical characteristics shown that the porphyry(porphyrite) and island-arc granite rocks have the same rock series (high-K calc-alkaline) and the same genetic type (I-type granite); these rocks trace elements similar to the granite of island arc,which enriched in Ba, La, Hf, Au,chalcophile elements Cu,Pb, siderophile elements Mo, Ni, and depleted in Rb, Nb, P, Ti. In this region, the similarities of porphyry and local acidic volcanic rocks in the main elements, REE and other trace elements and the composition suggest that they both have the same or similar magmatic source rocks. It is shown that the characteristics of the rock with the island arc granite partial melting of source rock, that may come from the arc type volcano rock or island arc volcano rock cognate magma evolution.
Preparation and Characterization of H3PW12O40/TiO2-M (M=Fe, Co, Ni, Zn) and Photocatalytic Activity for Methyl Orange Decomposition
Authors: Chen Si Jing , Gan Qiang , Shang Hai Ru , Liu Xia
Published: December 2014

Composites H3PW12O40/TiO2-M (M=Fe, Co, Ni, Zn) were synthesized by combining sol-gel technology with impregnation method. The structures and properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and UV-Vis diffuser reflectance spectrum (UV-Vis DRS). The XRD and FT-IR results showed that the TiO2 particles had the anatase phase, and the Keggin structure of H3PW12O40 remained intact. The UV-Vis DRS results indicated that compared with pure TiO2, an obvious red shift occurred after introducing H3PW12O40. The composites were used as heterogeneous photocatalyst to the degradation of methyl orange, and the influences of catalyst dosage, H3PW12O40 loading and metal ion species were studied. Results show that, under the optimum parameters pH value 2.00, 0.4 g·L-1 catalyst dosage and 30% H3PW12O40 loading, 96.6% methyl orange was degraded after 30 min irradiation (365 nm) using composite H3PW12O40/TiO2-Zn. The photodegradation process fitted Langmuir-Hinshelwood first order kinetics.
Roadway Anchor Support Design Method Based on the “Three Zones” of Roadway Roof
Authors: Wang Zhi Gang , Zhang Ling Fan , Zhang Da Zhang , Zhou Tian Bai , Zhang Zhi Hao
Published: December 2014

Aiming at the problem of serious deformation and failure of the surrounding rock of the main roadways in diabase zone in west wing on-500m leve in Dongbaowei Coal Mine and roof caving occurring several times, the rupture characteristics of roadway roof rock was observed in this paper. And the observation result shows that the rupture of the roof rock of the roadways in diabase zone has obvious zoning characteristics, and the roadway roof rock is divided into three zones: fragmentation zone, fissure zone and intact rock zone. According to this, this paper introduced a new concept of controlling roadway roof subsidence and redesigned the support parameters of the roof of the roadway in diabase zone. The deformation monitoring of the testing roadway roof rock was carried out, and the monitoring result shows that the anchor supporting scheme which was based on the “three zones” of roadway roof could control the roof rock deformation better. This indicates that roadway anchor support design method which is based on the “three zones” of roadway roof is correct and feasible.
Flotation of Copper Oxide Minerals by Mixed Collectors
Authors: Qi Jing , Yang Lin
Published: December 2014

In this study, the effects of important factors on malachite exploited from Tibet are investigated. Dosages of activating agents, depressants and collectors are essential to the effective recovery of copper in the flotation. The mixed collector ratio of SIBX: Armac C was varied as 0:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4. This investigation showed that using Armac C in conjunction with traditional SIBX collectors can successfully simultaneously recover copper oxides by flotation. The rougher scavenger copper recovery was as high as 85.2%.
The Mechanism Research of Collector and Hemimorphite
Authors: Li Kang Kang , Zhang Xiao Lin , Cao Shi Ming , Liu Dian Wen
Published: December 2014

As the zinc minerals of easy separation drying up, efficient utilization of refractory zinc oxide ores is getting more and more attention, especially for siliceous zinc oxide ore is quite difficult to separate, and it is a challenge for worldwide mineral processing industry. This article mainly used the density functional theory and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to study the adsorption mechanism of amine collectors on hemimorphite, when the composite activator was working.
Discussion on Ways of Mine Gas Drainage and Extraction
Authors: Li Cui Hua
Published: December 2014

Coal gas is a key factor in coal mine production safety, gas outburst and other threats can cause suffocation mine operating personnel, damage to human health, the gas reaches the ignition and combustion gases can cause encountered gas and coal dust explosion; while the main gas or the Earth's atmosphere sources of pollution. Therefore, effective governance gas to gas as a resource to achieve coal and gas extraction, to eliminate sudden end, and take advantage of the gas, reducing its air pollution is a major issue in the field of coal mining, the paper gas utilization, gas drainage aspects of mining, mine gas drainage system briefly described.
Numerical Simulation of Vibration Pressure on the Hydraulic Performance of Round-Flow Emitter
Authors: Cao Wei , Liu Jie , Zhu Yue Ting , Wei Qing Song , Shi Yu Sheng
Published: December 2014

Conventional drip irrigation systems are working under constant working pressure, but the core component emitter is prone to clogging. Round-flow emitter is selected as the research object. Computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT 6.3 is applied to simulate the hydraulic performance of the round-flow emitter under the condition of vibration pressure. Vibration modes are selected as the sine waveform, triangular waveform and rectangle waveform. Three vibration parameters such as basic pressure, vibration period and vibration amplitude are taken as the factors to design the orthogonal experiment. Simulation results show that, water fluctuation and energy dissipation of round-flow emitter in vibration mode are better than that of constant pressure. The combination of basic hydraulic pressure 8m, vibration period 72s, vibration amplitude 6m is the optimal vibration parameters. The research of this paper provides a certain reference for selecting the vibration parameters of the vibration mode.
Theoretical Solutions of Hoop Stress of Eccentric Worn Casing
Authors: Zhang Fu Xiang , Yang Xiang Tong , Wang Xiao Zeng , Yu Yang , Dou Yi Hua
Published: December 2014

The decrease of strength leads to damage of worn casing under non-uniform loading, affects the subsequent well testing and completion. In order to verify the finite element model of hoop stress of eccentric worn casing, unworn and worn casings are crushed under the concentrated force, while the critical concentration force and hoop stress are measured. Under the concentrated force, The difference between the numerical solution of hoop stress of eccentric worn casing and the experimental value is from 3.5% to 5% at outer surface of worn position. The established finite element analysis model of casing hoop stress and derived formula can be used to calculate the hoop stress of unworn casing. It is feasible that the finite element method is adopted to analyze the eccentric worn casing hoop stress.
Priority Selection of Weak Gel Flooding Formula on Heterogeneous Reservoir
Authors: Wu Wen Xiang , Song Xin , Fu Yue , Yuan Peng Fei
Published: December 2014

Nowadays, most of the oilfields have been entered later development stage, it is difficult for reservoirs to depend on water flooding technology to improve recovery factor enormously. To satisfy deep flooding demand on heterogeneous reservoirs, the weak gel system is developed in the lab. Due to the mixture of organic chromium and HAPM, forming the organic weak gel system. HPAM concentration is from 1300mg/l to 1500mg/l and from 150mg/l to 210mg/l for cross-linking agent, the weak gel system formed stably with the high viscosity which is above 10000mp·s and moderate gelation time is from 45h to 130h.The best formula was selected with HPAM concentration 1500mg/l, and cross-linking agent concentration 210mg/l.The core displacement experiment shows the weak gel system has a well flooding effect on heterogeneous reservoirs, and its recovery rate increases 16.2%。
Application of Production Analysis Method in Qiang1-46-20
Authors: Zhu Jing
Published: December 2014

Production data (pressure and flow rate) contain a large amount of reservoir information. At present only simple production decline analysis with Arps equation has been applied by analyzing production data which do not play an actual role. Production data can be applied to analyze formation capacity, determine the amount of geological reserves, surplus reserves, recovery, time at abandonment, value of abandonment rate, cumulative volume at abandonment time etc. Production data also can be applied to simulate changing history of well drainage area and formation pressure distribution in order to predict production and effect of measurement. And the parameters similar to well test interpretation results also can be derived. To some extent, production analysis can replace buildup test. In this paper the principles and methods of production data analysis technology have been introduced, and the practical application in Liaohe oilfield also has been shown.
Research on the Carbon Footprint Drawing Method for Highway Freight Enterprises
Authors: Gao Yi
Published: December 2014

In order to cope with global climate change and the increasing pressure of energy saving and emissions reduction, this study chooses highway freight transport which is the crucial part of carbon emissions in transportation section as the research object. After analyzing the resent researches and applications of carbon footprint drawing methods in domestic and foreign countries, this study draws the drawing boundary and builds the drawing method of carbon footprint for highway freight enterprises, according to the characteristics of them. Then this study analyses the effects of routing selection as a transportation organization strategy from the view of carbon footprint by using the actual operation data and energy consumption data from a highway freight enterprise.
A Survey of Soy Protein as a Novel Dry Strength Agent for Papermaking
Authors: Xu Zong Juan , Liu Yu , Wang Zhen
Published: December 2014

In this paper, soy protein papermaking process conditions as dry strength agents were studied. The results show that a part of the three parts of soy protein and a mixed system with a cationic starch alone, or cationic starch, soy protein, as compared to dry strength additives will significantly increase the strength. The optimum conditions were: pulp types E, defatted soy protein, dry vacuum drying method is 105°C, adding ways to add the pulp, the best reaction time was 10min, the optimum dosage of 2%. Soy protein sources are widely readily available, and environmentally friendly and easily biodegradable, paper dry strength agents as a good material.
Research on the Attracting Scope of the Logistics Park Based on Economic Relation and Breakpoint Models
Authors: Zhang Xia , Qin Si Ping
Published: December 2014

This paper focuses on an improved Breakpoint Model to calculate the attracting scope of the logistics park. Firstly, this paper used the Z-score standardized method, principal component analysis method and urban comprehensive strength evaluation method to calculate the comprehensive strength of economic central cities. Secondly, it employed the gravity model and the improved breakpoint model to define the attracting scope of the logistics park. Finally, combined with the actual situation and assisted by qualitative analysis, it took the logistics park of Zhenhai Port in Ningbo as an example, and used the above quantitative calculation to define the logistics park attracting scope.
Analysis of Energy Consumption for Protected Grape Production System in China
Authors: Tian Dong , Wang Jing , Feng Jian Ying
Published: December 2014

This study examines energy consumption of inputs and output used in protected grape production, and aims at to find relationship between energy inputs and yield in the major protected grape producing regions in China. For this purpose, the data were collected from 516 questionnaires which included 304 effective ones by questionnaire survey method. The results indicated that total energy inputs were 57697.84 MJha-1where the Chemical with (32.4%) and Fertilizer with about (21.1%) were the major energy consumers. About 53.4% of the total energy inputs used in protected grape production was indirect while 46.6% was direct. The non-renewable shared about 78% whereas the renewable energy did 22%. Average yield and energy consumption are calculated as 25367.22Kgha-1and 299333.2MJha-1. Energy use efficiency, energy productivity, specific energy and net energy were 5.18, 0.44 kgMJ-1, 2.27 MJkg-1and241635.36 MJha-1, respectively.
Analysis the TMY Selecting by Different Meteorological Parameters Precision to the Impact of Building Energy Consumption
Authors: Li Hong Lian , Zhang Wei Hua , Xu Xin Yin , Yu Jun Qi , Yang Liu
Published: December 2014

Meteorological parameter is a basic and direct role for guiding the regional standards of construction and the evaluation of the energy consumption simulation. The outdoor climate condition is a key for architectural design, which depends on the long-term record of meteorological parameters and the scientific processing method of meteorological data. This paper has researched the impact of the generation of TMY (Typical Meteorological Year) due to the precision selection of meteorological parameters through the United States Sandia National Laboratory method. The result shows that taking different precision of the units has a minimal impact to TMY generation when choosing Peking and Lhasa as representive cities. Simulating energy consumption for the same public building in cold region by different meteorological parameters precision, the relative standard deviation was 5.76% and 7.45% for Peking city, and the relative standard deviation was 7.21% and 6.81% for Lhasa. It shows that the selection of TMY with different meteorological parameters precision has a small influence on the building energy consumption.
Cost-Sharing Contract in Low Carbonization Supply Chain Based on Improving Demand for Low-Carbon Products
Authors: Zhou Yan Ju , Huang Yu Qing
Published: December 2014

For the existence of carbon emission reduction cost, the retail price of the products is so high that the market demand is low, which restricts the promotion of low-carbon products. On the background of a bilateral-monopoly supply chain consisting of a single manufacturer and a single retailer, we establish Stackelberg models based on the carbon emission reduction cost-sharing. And we analyze the changes of the order quantity, the profits of each member and the whole supply chain before and after the implementation of the carbon emission reduction cost-sharing contract. According to the research, when the carbon emission reduction cost-sharing contract is introduced into the model, it leads to a good consequence that the optimal order quantity of the low-carbon product increases, the retail price decreases, and the manufacturer and the retailer will get Pareto improvement on certain condition. Then we derivate the necessary conditions that the profit of the retailer and the manufacturer could both increase.
Decoupling Analysis of Economic Growth and Carbon Emissions in Henan Province
Authors: Peng Shun Lei , Xie Hui , Zhao Gan Qing
Published: December 2014

The relationship between economic growth and carbon emissions is a hot issue of the sustainable development. We selected data of decoupling indicators from 1985 to 2010 of Henan Province to analysis the relationship between economic growth and carbon emissions. The results showed that the relationship between economic growth and carbon emission was weak decoupling for a long time, which indicated that economic rapid growth depended on increasing carbon emissions in Henan Province. This study suggested that Henan province should reduce the proportion of high energy-consuming industries, such as steel making, cement production, mining, etc, coordinate the relationship of economic growth and carbon emissions, and advocate low-carbon economy.
Low Carbon Marketing Strategy of Enterprise under the Condition of Low Carbon Economy
Authors: Shi Qian , Bao Wei
Published: December 2014

Under the background of low carbon economy,low carbon marketing become the only way for enterprises to keep up with the development of The Times and remain competitive in our country.Enterprises which want to carry out low carbon marketing successfully should understand the connotation of low carbon marketing and take scientific and effective low carbon marketing strategy,including four aspects：low carbon products strategy,low carbon prices strategy,low carbon channel strategy and low carbon promotion strategy,in order to realize the sustainable development of enterprises.
An Empirical Research on the Relationship between Environmental Quality and Energy Consumption in China
Authors: Zhao Yu Zhen
Published: December 2014

The relationship between environmental quality and energy consumption has become more and more important. This paper firstly develops the index for China’s comprehensive environmental quality evaluation, and employs spss17.0 to conduct factorial analysis and comprehensive analysis on the condition of China’s comprehensive environmental quality between 1995 and 2012. By using Eviews6.0 to build a regression model for China’s environmental quality and energy consumption and exercising stationary test and Granger causality test, this paper also affirms the co-integration relationship between environmental quality and energy consumption in China. Among all energy sources, coal consumption has the closest relationship with environmental quality, and oil and natural gas consumptions are in the 2nd and 3rd place. In the last part, this paper proposes countermeasures and suggestions like optimizing industrial structure, adjusting energy structure and improving technologies in energy utilization.
Exploration and Practice in the Construction of Environmental Science Major of Pharmaceutical Universities
Authors: Guo Rui Xin , Chen Jian Qiu
Published: December 2014

The environmental science major opened in China Pharmaceutical University in 2008, has made some achievements in the exploration and practice of professional curriculum (for teachers) and learning effect assessment (for students) in recent years. By learning from the PBL teaching concept, we advocated the concept of "great discipline" in teaching practice. Based on the existing foundation and integrating teaching resources, we took the environmental issues of drugs as the main line and played specialty of teachers, focusing on the experience of students in the evaluation of learning effect, reflecting the concept of "differentiated treatment, personalized training" principle. So, it would be more objective and fair for the assessment of students. It provided a wealth of experience for the development of the discipline.
Pathways to Low-Carbon Transport – From Technical and Non-Technical Perspectives
Authors: Ren Zhao Jun , Gao Xiao Ling
Published: December 2014

The paper considered a number of available pathways to move to low-carbon transport with low energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, including: promoting alternative energy carriers for all transport modes and improving vehicle fuel efficiency; avoiding or reducing the need to travel by private car through pricing and integrated land-use and transport planning policies; encouraging a modal shift to more energy-efficient mode for a particular trip through pricing mechanisms, regulation, and investments. It’s also mentioned that a combination of the available policies and the collaboration between all relevant institutions and policymakers are necessary to meet energy saving and GHG reduction goals.
Review of the Evaluation of Urban Sustainable Development
Authors: Zhang Ling , Wang Lu Pan , He Le , Li Hou Chen
Published: December 2014

City is a kind of synthetic system, which is composed of social, economic and environmental aspects, how to achieve a sustainable development is an important problem for most cities in the world. This paper made a literature review from the composite index method, urban metabolism method and system dynamics method to summary and analysis the urban sustainable development evaluation of existing method. The composite index method is the most concise approach and easy to understand, urban metabolism method can observe the operation of whole city subsystems dynamically, while system dynamics method truly simulates the relationship among city subsystems.
Grey Relational Analysis on the Relationship between Economic Development and Carbon Emissions in Hubei Province
Authors: Liu Yan Wen , Chen Zhi , Zhou Xia
Published: December 2014

The problem about promoting the rapid economic growth while effectively reducing CO2 emission has aroused great attention of scholars both at home and abroad. Researches show that there are differences in the relationship between economic development and carbon emissions in the different historical stages of the different regions. This paper took Hubei Province as the survey region, by means of the decomposition model of CO2 emissions, accurately calculated CO2 emissions from 2001 to 2010 in Hubei Province, selected Hubei Province’s GDP and the three industries’ GDP as indicators of economic development, used the method of grey relational analysis to calculate grey correlation degree of Hubei Province’s GDP, three major industries’ GDP and CO2 emissions, carried on the comparative analysis of the relationship between economic development and CO2 emissions of Hubei Province in combination with China’s corresponding results, specifically put forward policy suggestions on energy conservation and emissions reduction in Hubei Province, so as to provide the theoretical reference for the development of low carbon economy in Hubei Province.
Evaluation of Ecological Carrying Capacity in Beijing Mountainous Valley Areas – A Case Study of Lihuagou Valley Region
Authors: Jiang Cui Hong , Li Guang Yong
Published: December 2014

On the basis of the ecological carrying capacity connotation and to realize the coordinated development of economics and environment in Beijing mountainous valley areas, ecological carrying capacity evaluation was discussed in order to promote corresponding advice. The comprehensive evaluation index system was built which included ecosystem elasticity level，bearing capacity index and stress index of ecotourism. The comprehensive evaluation method was constructed. The score of ecosystem resilience of Lihuagou valley region in 2012 was 78.2, which was more stable. The score of carrying capacity of resource and environment was 71.2 which reached heavy level. The score of carrying capacity pressure was 53.3 which attained medium pressure. The score of carrying capacity system was 76.3 which was the second level. At last, this study promoted several corresponding advice.
Development of Low-Carbon Economy in Heilongjiang Province Tax Incentive Policy Analysis
Authors: Cai De Fa , Wang Ting Wei , Ai Chun Hui
Published: December 2014

Over the years, economic development in Heilongjiang province high energy dependence of heavy industrialization, the consumption structure is given priority to with high carbon energy resources, the demand of saving energy and reducing consumption of energy is growing fast, industrial production is mostly comes from the production of raw coal, crude oil and timber products, rather than the value of processing from the product itself. The development of heavy chemical industry relies on high energy consumption , inevitably lead to the ecological destruction, impeded the development of low-carbon economy. This paper analyzes the current finance and taxation policy of the crux of the development of low carbon economy, And puts forward the related countermeasure proposal.
Several Research Topics of Carbon Footprint Order Quantity
Authors: Tian Zhi Yong , Zheng Feng
Published: December 2014

Research on order quantity plays an important role in logistics and supply chain (SC) whether for traditional economy objective or for low carbon objective. The paper summarizes the research framework of economic order quantity (EOQ) in brief. It also introduces and reviews the new research field carbon footprint order quantity (COQ). Comparing with the research of EOQ, it finds that the research on COQ is just beginning and the research assumptions still remain at the case of the “Square Root” era of EOQ a century ago. Based on some related literatures, the paper analyzes the effect of low carbon on social economy especially some influence factors related to order quantity. And it refers some important market forces affected by low carbon that are ignored by the literatures of COQ currently. Then the paper purposes the basic research approach of COQ. Finally, it provides several important topics of COQ for further research.
Exploration of the Biological Role of Nitric Oxide in Sedum alfredii Hance under Heavy Metal Treatment
Authors: Zhang Xiao Ling
Published: December 2014

The hytoremediation is a promising, environmentally friendly alternative to conventional cleanup techniques for heavy metal contaminated sites. This study is intended to explore the physiological functions of nitric oxide (NO) in the signaling pathways as well as defense responses in Sedum Alfredii Hance, a new zinc (Zn) promising hyperaccumulating plant species for the phytoremediation exposured to Cd contaminations.
Analysis of Industrial Carbon Emissions Assessment and Spatial Distribution
Authors: Li Xiao Fen , Peng Rui , Yang Min Xing
Published: December 2014

Under the background of ecological civilization, the energy saving and emission reduction, low carbon eco-city construction is booming. At present, China industrial carbon emissions account for more than half of total carbon emissions in the whole society. The analysis of industrial carbon emissions and its spatial distribution is quite important. Consider the Park of Shenzhen international low-carbon city as the research object; based on the enterprise data from the 2011 industrial census, it combines both the top-down and bottom-up methods to evaluate its current industrial carbon emission levels and then discusses the relationship between the industrial structure and carbon emissions. Comprehensive utilization of the spatial distribution function of GIS, the spatial distribution characteristics of industrial carbon emissions and carbon intensity is evaluated, so as to provide the references for the related policy-making of low-carbon ecological city.
Research on the Factors of China's Carbon Dioxide Emissions
Authors: Xu Jun Wei , Yang Xiao Zhi
Published: December 2014

This paper construct the index decomposition model of carbon dioxide and decompose China's current total of carbon dioxide emissions into 11 factors based on the relevant statistical data of 1997-2010 and LMDI. Then, obtain that positive factors such as the economic output, per capita GDP and the level of urbanization play a catalytic role in the growth of carbon dioxide emissions, conversely negative factors such as energy consumption intensity of various departments, the proportion of the rural population and the proportion of the provincial department structure play an inhibitory effect in the growth of carbon dioxide emissions by analysis and calculation; Further, the paper briefly summarizes the results of the above study.
The Optimal Growth under Catastrophic Climate Change of Far Distant Future
Authors: Shen Meng
Published: December 2014

Economic theory has two difficulties to deal with catastrophic climate change events: 1) the impacts are so high that may damage the whole civilization, 2) the impact could only be realized in the far distant future. Discounted utilitarianism fail to explain why society would be willing to prevent catastrophes that could only happen in the far distant future. This paper proves that Chichilnisky’s social welfare criterion could be applied for the issue of catastrophic climate change. Applying this criterion to an “AK” economy with abatement technology, I examine the effects of catastrophic risk on growth and welfare.
A Few Basis Points of the Ecological Economy
Authors: Wang Su Juan
Published: December 2014

The ecological economy is a new economic model which replaces the traditional economic model. It is a theory about economic activity based on principles of material circulation and energy flow of the ecological system. It includes several basis points: development pursues to enhance the productivity of natural resources, nature is an unalienable capital of the economic system, sustainable production and bionic technology, to emphasize living life style instead of occupancy, to replace product economy with service economy, Investing in Natural Capital, the establishment of a new theoretical framework--the macro environmental economics.
On the Ecological Leisure Preference of Different Aged People
Authors: Sun Kun , Zhang Guo Ping , Zhong Lin Sheng
Published: December 2014

In city, there are different aged people living there. Providing the ecological leisure service for residents is the essential function of cities. Studying the ecological leisure preference of different aged people can provide reference for the eco-space designing and constructing in the city. This paper respectively analyzes the preference degrees of different aged people in Changshu City to woodland, grassland, and water area, and analyzes the main time periods of different aged people taking their ecological leisure activities. The results show that the aged people prefer recreation in woodland; the middle-aged prefer recreation in water area; the youth and children prefer recreation in grassland. Comparing with other time periods, the aged, middle-aged, youth, and children respectively prefer to conduct their ecological leisure activities from 7am to 9 am, from 7pm to 9 pm, from 1 pm to 3 pm, and from 10 am to 12 am separately.