bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The antimicrobial effect of piper betel leaves extract against Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Mohammad Subri Liyana , Dewi Warta , Satari Mieke Hemiawati
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Betel leaves are herbal plant that is believed to have phenolic compound as an antimicrobial agent. One of the medical plants (herbal) which has an-timicrobial properties is Piper betel.The aim of this research is to analyzed the antimicrobial effect of Piper Betel Leaves extract against Streptococcus mutans. Methods: Type of this research is laboratory experiment. Population of this study are Piper betle Linn plant in West Java. The MIC test were conducted based on serial dilution method in 64%, 32%, 16%, 8%, 4%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.125% concentration of Piper betel leaves extracts against 5 sample of Streptococcus mutans within three repetitions. Results: The result shows that 0.25% concentration of Piper betel leaves extract can inhibit Streptococcus mutans. Conclusion: Piper betel leaves extract can inhibit the growth and had antimicrobial effect against Streptococcus mutans.
Interpreting subdivision in a malocclusion Angle’s classification system among orthodontics
Authors: Mohammad Yasim Masrina , Evangelina Ida Ayu , Sunaryo Iwa Rahmat
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Angle’s method still seems to be the most popular tool for classification of malocclusion. Confusion arises in the community of Orthodontic regarding the classification and interpretation of subdivision malocclusion in Angle’s classification system. The purpose of this study was to survey orthodontists in West Java to determine their consistency in classifying subdivision malocclusion and their viewpoints on the meaning of subdivision. Methods: The type of research was descriptive with survey method by using questionnaire. The study uses total sampling technique with some inclusion criteria. Data obtained were analyzed and presented in table form. Results: Of the 80 respondents, 71.3% is consistent, 22.5% is doubtful and 6.6% is inconsistent in classifying subdivision malocclusion. 37 respondents (46.25%) believe that subdivision refers to the Class II side, 20 respondents (25%) believe it refers to the Class I side 4 respondents (5%) says subdivision refers to neither Class I nor Class II side and 19 respondents (23.75%) says that subdivision referred to both side. Conclusion: Most of orthodontists are consistent in classifying subdivision malocclusion, majority of the responded orthodontists stated that subdivision refers to the abnormal side of the arches and most of the responded orthodontist use Proffit and Common usage as their source of reference.
The effects of robusta coffee on tooth discolouration
Authors: Sin Chu Chin , Hayati Ayu Trisna , Sukartini Endang
Published: May 2020

Introduction: One of the most frequent dental problems that confronted dentist is tooth discoloration which can cause significant cosmetic problems. Extrinsic tooth discoloration occurs when stain forms on the tooth surface or in the pellicle and the common causes of extrinsic tooth discoloration is coffee. Robusta coffee contains high level of chromogenic compound which can incorporate itself into the acquired pellicle and tannic acids that can denature the pellicle protein and increase its stain ability. The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the tooth discoloring effect of Robusta coffee solution. Methods: This research type was a true experiment (in vitro) using 30 samples of maxillary first premolar whose roots had been cut until the CEJ. Samples were divided into 2 groups (which are soaked in Robusta coffee solution and the other in mineral water) of 15, with a frequency of three times daily for seven days. The difference in tooth color changes was measured by using a spectrophotometer. Results: This research was analyzed by using t-test and there was a significant difference between the two groups (p-value≤0.00). Conclusion: Robusta coffee effected to tooth discoloration.
Difference of the size of average crown width first molar and second molar mandible of the Pawon Man with modern man
Authors: Senjaya Taufik , Oscandar Fahmi , Yondri Lutfi
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Pawon Man is prehistoric human who was expected life about 9525-5660 BC and have lived in a Cave Pawon located in Mountain Masigit Village, District Cipatat, Bandung Regency. The purpose of this research to analyzed the difference size of average crown width first molar and second molar mandible Pawon Man with Modern Man. Methods: The research used a descriptive method, so that from 4 archives radiograph Pawon man, can be obtained 14 samples radiographs Cone Beam Computed Tomography first tooth molars and second molars mandible. The research conducted on Ez Implant-3D program using a digital ruler, measurement results then recorded in tabular form, then statistically analyzed using independent two-sample t test. Results: The average size of widht crown first tooth molars and second molars mandible were larger for Pawon Man teeth than Modern Man. Conclusion: The average size of widht crown first tooth molars and second molars mandible were larger for Pawon Man teeth, because Pawon Man eating hard food and rough textured with simple food processing, with transition of culture has changed the dietary and food technology, so the shape of the big teeth are no longer needed.
The difference of oral hygiene status between ethnic group Minang and Sundanese in Pangalengan aged 26-45 years old
Authors: Rinaldy Efru , Muhibat Sjazili , Suwargiani Anne Agustina
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Indonesia has a lot of different languages, customs, and food. Each ethnic has a distinctive food of each such Minang ethnic happy with spicy foods and coconut milk, while Sundanese pleased with foods that are sweet and dry. The purpose of this study was to determine the status of oral hygiene ethnic group Minang and Sundanese. Methods: This research use descriptive research. The method used in the study are the type of total sampling method. Samples will be selected according to the criteria of the indigenous people the Minang ethnic and Sundanese ethnic who live in the village Pangalengan district as many as 33 people Minang ethnic and 66 people Sundanese ethnic as a control. Results: Results showed a p-value of oral hygiene status in Minang ethnic communities and Sundanese ethnic communities in Pangalengan is 0.261. Oral hygiene status in Minang ethnic communities in the district Pangalengan are in the medium category with the numbers 2.7, while the Sundanese people are in the medium category with the numbers 2.4. Conclusion: The conclusions of this study is there is no difference of oral hygiene status between Minang ethnic and Sundanese ethnic in Pangalengan age of 26-45 years.
The prevalence of malposition third molar with traumatic ulcer
Authors: Tun Abdul Majid Tun Shafiqah , Astuti Ida Ayu , Dewi Tenny Setiani
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Malposition third molar is a condition when the third molar is erupted but in an abnormal position and relation to maxilla and mandible. Due to a frequent mechanical abrasion between the third molar and oral mucosa, a traumatic ulcer resulted. Hence, this research aims to determine the prevalence of traumatic ulcer in regards to a malposed third molar in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin in a periodic of August 2008 to August 2011.Methods: The samples taken were all medical records which stated the coveted diagnosis which satisfied the variables of the age, gender and malposed third molar. The method of this research was descriptive retrospective study by using secondary data. Results: This research ratiocinates that the prevalence of malposition third molar with traumatic ulcers is 0.012% with tooth 18 caused most traumatic ulcer. Females predominant this condition and it is common in the third decade of age. Conclusion: Derived from the outcomes of this research, it can be concluded that the prevalence of malposition third molar with traumatic ulcer in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin from August 2008 to August 2011 is 0.012%.
Prevalence of dental caries based on gender, age, Black’s classification and its distribution on different teeth
Authors: Hong Steven Tan Jun , Fadil Mohammad Richata , Aripin Dudi
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Dental caries (tooth decay) is probably the most common chronic disease in the world. Greene Vardiman Black in the end of nineteenth century presented G. V. Black’s classification. The study is aimed to find out the prevalence of dental caries based on gender, age, Black’s classification and its distribution on different teeth. Methods: This research is a descriptive research, conducted by collecting the data from patients’ medical records from Bagian Gigi dan Mulut in RSHS, Bandung and then analyzed the collected data. Results: The result of this study shows that Class I caries is the most common type of carious lesion (37.1%) and the mandibular molars are the most common teeth affected by caries (32.4%). Female is  more prone to caries than males (60.5%)  and  the  early  adulthoods  have the highest  rate  of  caries  occurrence (46.1%). Conclusion: It can be concluded that Class I caries is the most common type of carious lesion based on G. V. Black’s classification. Besides that, female is found to be more prone to caries than male and the early adulthoods had the highest rate of caries occurrence.
Knowledge of dental and oral health in patients treated by students of Dentistry Professional Program
Authors: Pramudita Dinar Windiayu
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Behaviors is to maintain oral health in a person will be begin to improve the person’s knowledge about oral health. Dental health promotion to patients can be done by professional program students. These efforts are made individually, while in the dental chair or commonly known as chairsidetalk. This study was a descriptive study with survey technique. Data was  collected using a questionnaire sheet. The purpose of this study to assess knowledge of oral health in patients who treated by professional dentistry program students RSGM FKG UNPAD. Methods: This study was a descriptive study with survey technique. Sample of this study were patients who were treated by dentistry professional program students RSGM FKG UNPAD, which was purposive random sampling method, and the number of samples obtained were 224 patients. Results: The results shows that patients treated in the dentistry professional program students RSGM FKG UNPAD have a good level of knowledge,  total of 116 respondents (51.79%), the second highest frequency of 82 respondents (36.61%) had a level of knowledge and at least enough of the respondents were 26 respondents (11.61%) had a level of knowledge is lacking. Conclusion: Conclusions the study are patients who had received care from the dentistry professional program students in  RSGM FKG UNPAD has a good level of knowledge about oral health.
The difference of blood pressure before and after consuming Green Kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa) in the young adult group
Authors: Lesmana Dian , Rizali Ervin , Kintawati Silvi
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Green Kiwi fruit (Actinidia deliciosa) has a lot of nutritional content, one of them is potassium. Potassium helps maintain osmotic pressure in intracellular fluid, protect body’s electrolyte balance, regulate heartbeat, maintain muscle and nerve cell function, reduce the risk of stroke and heart disesase, and decrease blood pressure. Methods: This study is an experimental research, using pair t-test measurement to analize the difference of blood pressure before and after consuming Green Kiwi fruit (Actinidia deliciosa) in early adulthod. The sample are thirty five students of Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran. The number of green kiwi fruit is consume as much as 1 fruits or 150 grams. Blood pressure measured by sphygmomanometer with auscultatory-palpation method. Results: The result of this study shows the averaged blood pressure before and after consuming green kiwi fruit Is 99,543/68,438 mmHg and 97,581/66,743mmHg. Conclusion: The conclusion of the study indicates the existence of difference in blood pressure before and after consuming Green Kiwi fruit (Actinidia deliciosa) in early adulthood (p<5%).
The prevalence of hyposalivation in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Endocrinology Department, Internal Medicine Sub Department of RSUP Dr Hasan Sadikin Bandung
Authors: Sundari Marini , Dewi Tenny Setiani , Natalia Nanny
Published: May 2020

Introduction: The salivary flow rate reduces Hyposalivation. Type 2 diabetes mellitus patient with hyposalivation have a high risk of various oral complications if untreated adequately. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of hyposalivation in type 2 diabetes mellitus patient at RSUP Dr Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Methods: This study was a descriptive observational with a cross-sectional approach and consecutive sampling method to 30 samples. The study was performed with objective assessment through measuring the unstimulated salivary flow of the whole saliva using spitting method for 5 minutes. Results: The result of this study shows that the prevalence of hyposalivation on type 2 diabetes mellitus patient is 10%. The mean of salivary flow rate sample with hyposalivation is 0,07 mL/minute. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study shows a low prevalence of hyposalivation in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at RSUP Dr Hasan Sadikin Bandung in October 2011.
Survey of the awareness of xerostomia in elderly
Authors: Md Ismail Nur Adlina Diyana , Fitriana Elizabeth , Tjahajawati Sri
Published: May 2020

Introduction: One of the significant public health issues in this modern time is the rapidly escalating elderly popula-tion. The number of people older than 65 years will double to 14% of the world’s population in the next 30 years. Due to various chronic conditions as well as prescription medications, it is presumed that more than 30% of the population aged 65 years and older is experiencing xerostomia, a condition not well known among the elderly. This study was not focusing on the disease per se but aimed to evaluate the awareness of the condition. Methods: The method of this study was descriptive with the survey method. Questionnaires were given to a sample gathered consecutively in the period of one month. The results were then presented in table form. Results: Out of the 63 respondents, 15.9% were considered to have full awareness of this condition. 44.4% of respondents were in the moderate awareness category, and 39.7% were not aware of the disease. Conclusion: Majority of the elderly have a moderate level of awareness towards xerostomia.
Radiographic referral in mandibular fracture assessment: A survey on oral maxillofacial surgeons
Authors: Murugaiah Suganya , Oscandar Fahmi , Azhari Azhari
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Epidemiological studies show a significant increase in mandibular fractures in the past few decades. Various radiographic projections are indicated for the diagnosis of mandibular fractures. This study was aimed to gather information on the type of radiographic examination commonly prescribed in the diagnosis of mandibular fracture among the oral maxillofacial surgeons and factors influencing the choice of radiographic prescription. Methods: A descriptive study with survey method was conducted on 30 respondents in the Oral Surgery Departments of three hospitals in Bandung, by purposive sampling technique. The data collected using the self-structured questionnaire method and assessed according to frequency distribution. Results: Highest choice of radiographic prescription in the survey for each location of fractures in the mandible was panoramic (83.3 to 100%), and the least is CBCT (10 to 16.7%). The most factors influencing the choice of prescription were availability (53.3 to 56.7%), image accuracy (50 to 60%) and cost (46.7 to 56.7%) of the radiographic examination. Conclusion: Most of the dentists in this study prescribe panoramic radiographs in mandibular fracture assessment based on availability, image accuracy, and cost of the radiographic examination.
Basic Values and the Morality of Islamic Education Leadership at State Junior High School 1 Jogorogo, Ngawi, East Java
Authors: Rohmad Ali
Published: May 2020

This research aims to determine the basic values and leadership morality in SMPN 1 Jogorogo. This research is qualitative research with the descriptive method, data collection with observation, and interview techniques. Principal leadership is democratic; principals are open in making policies involving teachers and employees, especially in making plans for school programs. The principal receives input and suggestions from parties related to the systems made. The basic values of leadership applied by the principal take the benefits of the four characteristics of the Prophet Muhammad. Namely, shidiq, amanah, tabligh, and fathanah. While the leadership of morality is applied is faith and devotion to Allah SWT, competent and knowledgeable, patient, humble, and prioritizes deliberation in making decisions.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai-nilai dasar dan moralitas kepemimpinan di SMPN 1 Jogorogo. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif, pengumpulan data dengan teknik observasi dan wawancara. Kepemimpinan kepala sekolah adalah demokratis, dan kepala sekolah terbuka dalam membuat kebijakan yang melibatkan guru dan karyawan, terutama dalam membuat rencana untuk program sekolah. Kepala sekolah menerima masukan dan saran dari pihak terkait dengan sistem yang dibuat. Nilai-nilai dasar kepemimpinan yang diterapkan oleh kepala sekolah mengambil manfaat dari empat karakteristik Nabi Muhammad. Yaitu, shidiq, amanah, tabligh, dan fathanah. Sedangkan moralitas kepemimpinan yang diterapkan adalah iman dan pengabdian kepada Allah SWT, kompeten dan berpengetahuan luas, sabar, rendah hati, dan memprioritaskan musyawarah dalam pengambilan keputusan.
Restoran aydınlatmasının menüden yemek seçimine etkisi
Authors: ŞAHİN Esra , YAZICIOĞLU İrfan
Published: May 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı; restoran ambiyans faktörlerinden olan aydınlatmanın menüden yemek seçimine olan etkisini, nöropazarlama araçlarını kullanarak araştırmaktır. Konunun teorik temellerine katkı sağlamak amacıyla deneysel bir araştırma modeli geliştirilmiştir. Araştırma kartopu örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen 13 gönüllü katılımcı ile İstanbul’da fine dining bir restoranda yapılmıştır. Aynı menü deney koşulu olan loş ışıkta (25 lux) ve kontrol koşulu olan parlak ışıkta (250 lux) katılımcılara gösterilerek menüden seçim yapmaları istenmiştir. Araştırmada sıradışı bir yaklaşımla nöropazarlama araçlarından eye tracking, EEG ve GSR cihazları birlikte kullanılarak veri toplanmış ve üç cihazdan toplanan veriler birlikte analiz edilerek değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Katılımcıların beğeni, dikkat, hafıza ve bilişsel yük parametrelerine göre nörometrik verilerden elde edilen sonuçlar istatistiksel analizlerle desteklenmiştir. Araştırmanın alan yazına teorik katkı sağlaması, işletmeler açısından da pazarlama faaliyetlerini planlamalarına yardımcı olması beklenmektedir.
Innovative Design of Intelligent Detection Equipment for Growth Information of Facilityhorticultural Crops
Authors: Ruan Yu Qiang , Xiao Dong Zhang  , Hanping Mao  , Hong Yan Gao  , Xin Zhang  , QinLin li
Published: May 2020

Intelligent equipment technology for facility horticulture is an urgent need for the development of modern facility agriculture.The intelligent monitoring equipment for greenhouse crop growth information can comprehensively monitor the nutrition, growth and environmental information of crops, and provide a scientific basis for the optimal regulation and control of water, fertilizer and environment in the greenhouse. It is a key equipment for the intelligentization of facility horticulture. This research aims at different growth stages In accordance with the testing needs of different plant-shaped crops and the operational needs of the unstructured environment in the greenhouse, we developed wheeled and tracked crop growth and environmental information monitoring systems that can autonomously cruise in the greenhouse;at the same time, in order to meet the detection needs of large-plant crops, a cantilever type crop information monitoring system has also been developed. This system suspends the multi-sensor detection system through the gimbal and installs it on the orbit track laid on the greenhouse truss. Because the detection position is high, it is realized the cruise monitor of greenhouse plants such as cucumber and tomato. In order to achieve comprehensive detection of crop growth information, a multi-sensor detection system for horticultural crop information has been developed. It uses visible-near-infrared binocular multi-spectral cameras, infrared detection sensors, laser ranging sensors, ambient temperature and humidity and light sensors. through the multiple sensor information fusion, implements the facilities horticulture crops nutrition, growth and the comprehensive monitoring of environmental information. Good application effect has been achieved.
Annual Reviewer Acknowledgement
Authors: Editor Chief
Published: May 2020

The editorial team of the journal would like to thank the reviewers for their work in referring manuscripts during 2015.
THE STRUCTURAL, MORPHOLOGICAL AND OPTICAL STUDY OF PURE AND W-DOPEDTiO2 NANO PARTICLES AND ITS APPLICATION TO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Kandasamy Manikandan
Published: May 2020

In this research work, the effect of Tungsten-doping on the crystal structure, morphology and antimicrobial of titanium dioxide nanoparticles were studied. The pure and different weight % of tungsten doped TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by solâ€“gel method and calcinated at 600Â°C for 5 hours. The synthesised products have been characterized by X-ray Diffraction studies (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Elemental analysis (EDXA), Ultra Violet Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Photoluminescence Spectra (PL), High Resolution Transmission Spectroscopy (HRTEM) and Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy (FT-IR). XRD pattern of pure TiO2 and 1 weight % W-doped TiO2nanoparticles confirms the anatase structure and increase in the W-doping changes the phase of TiO2 to rutile. Average crystallite size of synthesized nanoparticles was determined using the Debyeâ€“Scherrer formula. The crystallite size obtained for pure TiO2 is in the range from 29 nm to 39 nm and W-doped TiO2 is varied from 28 to 34 nm. The SEM images show the agglomerated particles of spherical-like morphology. Optical property and direct bandgap of pure and W-doped TiO2nanoparticles also further characterised by UVâ€“Vis Spectroscopy. The images of HRTEM clearly confirm that particles present in the W-doped TiO2 powdered sample is nanosized particles. The Kirby Bauer Agar Well Diffusion Assay  method was employed to explore antimicrobial activity of nanosized pure and W-doped TiO2 colloidal suspension against the test microorganisms two Gram positive bacteria(Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis),two Gram negative Bacteria(Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa),and two fungi(Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger). It shows that the W- doped TiO2 nanoparticles inhibited the multiplication and growth of the above mentioned test bacteria and fungi. Antimicrobial activity was found against all tested microorganisms which confirmed that W-doped TiO2 nanoparticles possess high antimicrobial activity compared to pure TiO2 nanoparticles.
AIS-SFHM APPROACH FOR OPTIMIZATION OF MULTI OBJECTIVE JOB SHOP PROBLEMS
Authors: Manoharan Chandrasekaran
Published: May 2020

The n-job, m-machine Job shop scheduling (JSP) problem is one of the general production scheduling problems. The JSP problem is a scheduling problem, where a set of â€˜nâ€™ jobs must be processed or assembled on a set of â€˜mâ€™ dedicated machines. Each job consists of a specific set of operations, which have to be processed according to a given technical precedence order. Job shop scheduling problem is a NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem. Â In this paper, optimization of three practical performance measures mean job flow time, mean job tardiness and makespan are considered. The hybrid approach of Sheep Flocks Heredity Model Algorithm (SFHM) is used for finding optimal makespan, mean flow time, mean tardiness. The hybrid SFHM approach is tested with multi objective job shop scheduling problems. Initial sequences are generated with Artificial Immune System (AIS) algorithm and results are refined using SFHM algorithm. The results show that the hybrid SFHM algorithm is an efficient and effective algorithm that gives better results than SFHM Algorithm, Genetic Algorithm (GA). The proposed hybrid SFHM algorithm is a good problem-solving technique for job shop scheduling problem with multi criteria.
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE PERFORMANCE OF VERTICAL BASIN SOLAR STILL
Authors: Arjunan T.V. , Sakthivel T.G.
Published: May 2020

In the present study, a new experimental approach is proposed to enhance the performances of the conventional single slope solar still using vertical basin at inner wall surfaces. Main objectives of this study are, to increase the distilled output of solar still by utilizing heat energy available inside vertical surfaces and to find out the optimum thickness of vertical basin experimentally. The experimental system involves six identical solar stills, one of the stills is conventional and remaining stills have vertical basin with different thicknesses (3, 6,9,12 and 15 mm). Solar stills are fabricated with an effective area of 0.009 m2 and the transparent glass angle is 11Â°. The experiments were conducted on 19.02.2016 with depth of water 20 mm. The results show that (i) productivity of vertical basin solar stills are higher than the conventional still, (ii) heat loss from inner wall surfaces to outer wall surfaces are reduced considerably in vertical basin stillÂ  (iii) optimum thickness of vertical basin is 12 mm. To conclude introducing vertical basin in conventional still improves the performance of the still.
IMPROVED PSO BASED DRIVER’S DROWSINESS DETECTION USING FUZZY CLASSIFIER
Authors: Jeyarani A.D. , Daphne Reena , Vani Vivekanand Chettiyar
Published: May 2020

In this drowsiness detection framework two actions including brain and visual features are utilised to distinguish the various levels of drowsiness. These actions are provided by the EEG and EOG signal brain actions. From the EEG and EOG signals the peculiarities like mean, peak, pitch, maximum, minimum, standard deviation are assessed . In these peculiarities we decide on some best attributes - peak and pitch employing an IPSO strategy that picks up the best threshold esteem. These signals are then offered into the STFT which is employed to discover the signal length, producing a STFT network from the intermittent hamming window,the output of which are energy signals alpha and beta. These energy signals are offered into the MCT to get an alpha mean and a beta mean -the most chosen and outstanding attributes. These are then subjected to fuzzy based classification to give a precise result checking over the maximum values in the alpha and the beta series .
In search of a theory of everything:
Authors: Gremaud Gérard
Published: May 2020

In this brief communication, we summarize an original and new approach of the Universe, which considers that the Universe could be a finite, elastic and massive solid that would move and deform in an infinite absolute vacuum. In this a priori strange concept, it is supposed that the Universe is a lattice of simple cubic crystalline structure, whose basic cells have a mass of inertia that satisfies Newtonian dynamics in absolute space, and whose elasticity is controlled by the existence of an internal energy of deformation. One also supposes that this lattice is likely to contain topological singularities, i.e. structural defects such as dislocations, disclinations and dispirations, which would be the constituent elements of Ordinary Matter.
Too little or too Much Freedom? – A Comparative Analysis of Corporate Governance Codes in the UK and Australia
Authors: Alanazi Badar
Published: May 2020

The purpose of corporate governance codes is to ensure that directors do not abuse their power to the disadvantage of the company’s shareholders or creditors, while at the same time affording them enough freedom to allow the company to operate in a competitive way and generate profits. This article evaluates the UK Corporate Governance Code and the Australian Corporate Governance Principles and Recommendations in order to ascertain the extent to which they strike an appropriate balance between preventing abuses of power by the board while affording them sufficient freedom to pursue innovation and entrepreneurship. The article concludes that the codes in both countries propose advanced approaches to corporate governance which to a significant extent protect the interests of the shareholders while encouraging board members to pursue innovation and entrepreneurship in a safe manner, through the adoption of appropriate risk management measures.
Interpretation Geothermal Energy Using Geoelectric Method with Dipole-Dipole in Pawan Village, Rokan Hulu Regency
Authors: Febriani Riski , M Juandi , Islami Nur
Published: May 2020

Pawan, sebuah kabupaten yang terletak di cekungan busur belakang Sumatera, memiliki potensi yang ditunjukkan oleh penampilan mata air panas. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan konfigurasi Dipol-dipol. Metode Geolistrik dilakukan dalam lima jalur dengan panjang antara 78 - 108 m. Panjang lintasan bervariasi karena lokasi penelitian terdapat banyak bangunan yang menjadi tempat wisata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa struktur lapisan bawah permukaan dalam manifestasi panas bumi Pawan terdiri dari Lanau, Sandstone dan Meta Sedimen. Jalur 1 ke Jalur 4 memperoleh distribusi manifestasi air panas pada kedalaman sekitar 2,61 - 5,12 m dengan nilai resistivitas 2,6 - 10,4 μm yang ditemukan di lapisan lanau dari lumpur basah yang lembut. Pola distribusi manifestasi air panas di wilayah studi adalah aliran luapan dimana wilayah penelitian ini memiliki zona patahan yang mengendalikan manifestasi panas bumi dan arah aliran ini adalah arah barat aliran sungai. Pawan, a district located in the Sumatera back arc basin, possesses a potential indicated by appearance of hot springs. This research was carried out using the Dipole-dipole configuration. Geoelectric method was done in five lines with length between of 78 to 108 m. The length of the track varies because of the location of the study there are many buildings that become tourist attractions. Research result showed that structure of the subsurface layer in Pawan geothermal manifestation consist of Lanau, Sandstone and Meta Sediments. Line 1 to Line 4 obtained the distribution of hot water manifestations at a depth of about 2.61 to 5.12 m with resistivity values of 2.6 to 10.4 μm found in the silt layer of soft wet silt. The distribution pattern of the manifestation of hot water in the study area is an outflow flow where this research area has a fault zone that controls the manifestation of geothermal heat and the direction of this flow is the direction of the west direction of the river flow.Keywords: Dipole-dipole, Geoelectric, Resistivity, Panas Bumi, Pawan
Antara Individualitas dan Kolektivitas: Studi Hubungan Pemain Gim PlayerUnknown’s Battlegrounds (PUBG) Mobile
Authors: Cobobi Muhammad Guntur
Published: May 2020

Selama ini para ilmuwan sosial berdebat tentang bagaimana tindakan individual dan kolektif pada interaksi manusia. Asumsi yang cenderung dipakai dalam perdebatan tersebut adalah antara individualitas dan kolektivitas sebenarnya tidak berdiri sendiri, sebab keduanya saling mempengaruhi, bahwa suatu tindakan kolektif sesungguhnya dibangun dari individu-individu yang bekerjasama secara kolektif. Asumsi-asumsi ini berangkat dari studi terhadap masyarakat yang memiliki keterikatan struktural dengan intensionalitas interaksi yang tinggi. Lantas bagaimana jika fenomena empiriknya digeser pada masyarakat egaliter yang tidak terikat struktur di dunia virtual? Kajian pada studi-studi tentang interaksi pemain gim daring dan metode etnografi virtual pada dialektika yang terjadi dalam interaksi antara pemain gim Playerunknown’s Battlegrounds (PUBG) Mobile, menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kecenderungan yang dapat mengubah asumsi-asumsi terdahulu mengenai individualitas dan kolektivitas dikarenakan oleh kompleksitas interaksi yang terbangun dalam ruang tersebut.
The Impact of Canadian Federalism on Telecommunications Infrastructure Development
Authors: Chen William
Published: May 2020

This paper examines Canadian federalism's impact on broadband telecommunications infrastructure development in Canada by discussing the limits of the federal telecommunications regulatory sphere in relationship to provincial policy frameworks. I argue that the extensive centralization of federal regulatory powers over telecommunications has not been meaningfully leveraged to promote a national policy approach to telecommunications development. Telecommunications infrastructure development is further frustrated by vastly divergent regulation of right-of-way by provincial regulators and municipalities. As a consequence, telecommunications infrastructure development has become the domain of provincial governments. This paper further considers the emergence of a regime of competitive federalism and province-building through policy experimentation by provincial governments in the absence of meaningful fiscal and collaborative federalism.
SÁNCHEZ, Consuelo y RAMOS, Benito: La planificación estratégica como método de gestión pública: experiencias en la administración española
Authors: Rico Flor Cristina
Published: May 2020

Recensión: Sánchez, Consuelo y Ramos, Benito La planificación estratégica como método de gestión pública: experiencias en la administración española. Madrid, España: Instituto Nacional de Administración Pública (INAP), 2013. 584 págs.
“Mas que temos nós com isso”?
Authors: Gil de Oliveira Virava Thiago
Published: May 2020

Entre 1926 e 1927, anos que antecederam a publicação do Manifesto Antropófago, Oswald de Andrade manteve uma coluna semanal no Jornal do Commercio, edição São Paulo, publicada sempre às quintas-feiras com o título “Feira das quintas”. Os textos geralmente abordavam fatos ou temas do momento, muitas vezes incluindo, em uma mesma coluna, discussões sobre tópicos diversos, como se a leitura fosse análoga a uma caminhada por diferentes barracas em uma feira. Os tópicos incluíam desde a programação cultural da capital paulista, passando por comentários a respeito de obras públicas, pelo falecimento de astros de Hollywood, por polêmicas acirradas contra os líderes do Movimento Verde-Amarelo (Menotti del Picchia, Plínio Salgado e Cassiano Ricardo), entre outros. Quanto ao gênero, os textos são híbridos entre crônicas e contos, alguns contendo diálogos ficcionais em meio a discussões sobre fatos da semana, outros inteiramente dedicados à narrativa ficcional. Tratava-se de um espaço de experimentação, que o escritor utilizou para elaborar ideias e operações intelectuais que, mais tarde, o Manifesto Antropófago retomaria. Este artigo discute alguns fragmentos de três colunas “Feira das quintas”, cruzando-os com trechos do manifesto, com interesse específico no modo como Oswald de Andrade critica o gosto estético de seus contemporâneos e põe em relação o passado artístico e arquitetônico colonial do Brasil com alguns grandes monumentos da civilização ocidental. A hipótese lançada aqui é que o modo como o escritor trabalha essas duas questões já aponta para a urgência, fundamental para o projeto antropofágico, em reposicionar a imaginação histórica e artística brasileira contra modelos de pensamento eurocêntricos.
O minotauro tranquilo
Authors: Tavares Daniella Amaral
Published: May 2020

Este artigo apresenta reflexões acerca do esboço Dédalo e o Minotauro, concebido por Peter Paul Rubens, em 1636, para uma série encomendada pelo rei espanhol Felipe IV. Nesta obra, ao representar um Minotauro mais humano, numa situação peculiar, o pintor dialoga com uma longa tradição, que vai da antiguidade clássica ao século XVII, da qual ele tanto se aproxima quanto se afasta. Para tanto, tomamos como balizadores a literatura e a iconografia antiga sobre o mito do monstro de Creta, bem como as representações posteriores, que diferem da forma canônica. Consideramos igualmente os estudos acerca da série executada para o rei e sobre o referido esboço, especialmente em Díez-Platas (2005) e Alpers (1971).
La tapisserie, art mural: muralnomad avant Le Corbusier
Authors: Froissart - Université Aix-Marseille Rossella
Published: May 2020

O temo "muralnomad" fixou-se como uma espécie de marco: cunhado por Le Corbusier em 1949, ele aparece como o terminus post quempara aquele que é considerado um período de renascimento da tapeçaria. Mas Le Corbuisier não foi o único a demonstrar grande interesse pela tapeçaria nesses anos de reconstru&ccedi l;&atild e;o do pós-guerra: um grande movimento a seu favor seguiu-se ao extraordinário sucesso da exposição La tapisserie française, du Moyen Âge à nos jours, realizada em 1946 no Museu Nacional de Arte Moderna de Paris. Sem pretender diminuir a importância da formula de Le Corbusier, deve-se reconhecer que ela retoma, mais do que inaugura, debates já antigos sobre a estética da tapeçaria em sua relação com a pintura, a arquitetura e o ambiente interior. Entre as décadas de 1870 e 1930, a tapeçaria foi considerada um "afresco móvel", uma possível resposta ao desejo de decorar o espaço publico. O "renascimento" do pós-guerra não pode ser compreendido se negligenciarmos as posições de críticos, historiadores e artistas que enfatizaram o relevante papel que a tapeçaria poderia desempenh ar na mo dernização da decoração.
Designing the transport and logistics systems resistant to structural failures
Authors: Kochkarov Azret Ahmatovich , Yatskin Danil Vladilenovich , Kochkarov Rasul Ahmatovich
Published: May 2020

This article is dedicated to designing of the transport and logistics systems with built-in resistance to structural failures. The sustainability indicators reflect the impact of the failure of one or several hubs (communication channels) upon working capacity of the already functioning system. In the process of designing the system, the sustainability indicators also provide opportunities for optimizing its structure from the perspective of set reliability expectations. The authors give attention to the modeling of the transportation and logistics system on the basis of theoretical-graph toolset, as well as propose sustainability indicators and articulation of optimization task. The structure of transportation and logistics system is described using the instruments of graph theory, definition of the task is presented using the criteria of optimization theory, and limitations are the feasible solutions on graphs are established in the matrix form. The authors suggest a theoretical-graph description of the structure of the transportation and logistics systems, propose multiobjective goal setting, and introduce the concept of structural stability based on the indexes and their threshold values. Proposal is made on the approach towards designing the transport and logistics systems with set parameters of structural stability and tried it on test data.
Hierarchical method of randomized composite indicators and its application for comparison of investment attractiveness of the projects
Authors: Kolodko Dmitrii Vladimirovich
Published: May 2020

The object of this research is the methods of multi-criteria selection. The subject of this research is the problems of application of hierarchical method of randomized composite indicators in solving the problems of multi-criteria selection. It is noted that in gradual synthesis of composite indicators of the highest hierarchical level, it is impossible to obtain the exact values or assessment of probabilities of dominance of the compared objects. Structuring the exhaustive set of values of weight vector of hierarchy allows obtaining these probabilities, but such approach is applicable only in case of small number of characteristics of the compared objects. For solving this task, the author employs Monte Carlo method, consisting in formation of random sample from exhaustive set of weigh vector of hierarchy and sequential assessment of essential characteristics. The article suggests the procedure for assessing probability characteristics of randomized composite indicators. The author develops and presents the software written on the R platform for realization of this procedure. An example of comparison of the investment projects, when selection is based on the probability of dominance, rather than the composite indicators, is demonstrated.
Peningkatan sumber daya manusia dan optimalisasi promosi desa pabuaran menjadi destinasi wisata religi
Authors: Iskandar Hari , Ritonga Roozana Maria , Marta Rustono Farady , Supina Supina , Kurniawan Johannes
Published: May 2020

Community Service Activities (PKM) have become part of the Tridarma of Higher Education. The Cikoleang Region, Pabuaran Village, West Java, there are houses of worship of different religions and live side by side, but the surrounding communities are still closed and unknown to others. This PKM activity provides insight into how the basic concept of a tourist village, promotion optimization of a tourist village using technology, and making food and drinks welcome and in the future is predicted to be a religious tourism village. The results of this activity are expected to be developed and implemented by local residents, in order to develop their abilities and improve the surrounding economy.Keywords: Tourism Village; Human Resources; Promotion; Religious Tourism Destination
Partycypacja obywatelska w demokracji deliberacyjnej ku dobru wspólnemu
Authors: Stadniczeńko Stanisław Leszek
Published: May 2020

The author draws attention to the consideration of the complexity of civil participation in deliberative democracy, indicating that the legislator assumed that dialogue is to be a way of existence, and thus the basis of any social situation in the state. State authorities appointed to serve the people and the common good have to ask citizens about their position in the case, not in order to obtain the desired response, thus emphasizing the departure from the monologue culture in favor of dialogue and communication with the public. The author claims that the normative foundations of the community state are linked by the conviction that public values and purposes are established in the communication process. In this approach, it is important to achieve public purposes and the quality of their achievement, its constructive features are: network, multi-level management, conciliation, participation. The basic mechanisms of action of this type of state are: deliberation, compromise and arrangements are made in the social networks – the dominant type of management of public affairs in this model is co-management. Solicitude of the state as a common good obliges not only a citizen, but means that a citizen has the right to expect that public authority will act so that the Republic of Poland can be considered a common good by citizens. Referring to literature, the author notes that deliberative democracy and its concept put more emphasis on the importance of conversation, discussion and debate on democratic practice than on the importance of voting. Its supporters argue that the debate improves the quality of collective decisions and increases the chances of their acceptance. Varieties of deliberative democracy range from accentuating local representation to reinforcing the debate within representative legislative bodies. The article points out the differences between discourse and deliberation. Moreover, the forms of civic participation and civic participation techniques used in Poland are presented. We have come to live in times when communication, both traditional and with the help of modern media, plays a significant role in shaping societies. It is important to understand the basic laws guiding communication, the ability to properly form interpersonal relationships, cognize the factors affecting the quality of messages transmitted, the technique of freedom of expression, the skill of persuasion and argumentation. The correct perception of the essence of dialogue in a deliberative democracy is its foundation, especially when it concerns institutions aimed at turning natural and legal persons to public decision-making process. Considering the literature, it was found that new participative solutions, primarily the ability to dialogue, could prevent a democratic deficit and also indicated that that civic participation impacts on the creation of deliberative democracy.
Arbitration clause for an arbitral tribunal in Poland based on Art. 33 CMR Convention
Authors: Adamus Rafał
Published: May 2020

In matters that are subject to the CMR Convention, under the rule of Art. 33 of this Convention, the arbitration court is obliged, first, to apply the CMR Convention and it is not permissible to apply, in place of the scope of the CMR Convention, another legal order or extra-legal principles. Secondly, as far as it results from the CMR Convention, the arbitration court should apply the applicable national law. Thirdly, the arbitration court settles the dispute according to the law applicable to a given relationship, and when the parties have expressly authorized it – in compliance with general principles of law or principles of equity. Fourthly, the arbitral tribunal takes into consideration the provisions of the contract and the established habits applicable to the given legal relationship. The arbitration agreement regarding the dispute subject to the CMR Convention will therefore be of a complex nature due to the requirement of Art. 33 of the CMR Convention as to the indication that a uniform law applies in arbitration proceedings – the subject of inter-city agreement. The parties should indicate the following in the content of the arbitration clause: 1) obligatory CMR convention, as required by Art. 33 CMR Convention 2) optional national law to which the CMR Convention refers, and in the absence of such an indication, the arbitration court will apply the law applicable to a given legal relationship, and possibly another national law to which the CMR Convention does not refer, although such a solution would be a source of many complications or general legal principles or rules of equity. For practical reasons, it is worth taking into account other issues, such as the language of the proceedings, in the arbitration clause.
The European Union’s instruments on fighting illegal logging – selected legal issues
Authors: Kalicka-Mikołajczyk Adriana
Published: May 2020

Illegal logging is a significant problem of major international community concern because it has a devastating impact on some of the world’s most valuable remaining forests and contributes to tropical deforestation and forest degradation. Furthermore, it threatens biodiversity and undermines sustainable forest management, having a negative impact on poverty reduction, sustainable and inclusive economic growth and development. The article presents instruments adopted by the EU in order to combat illegal timber logging. The author describes their material scope and legal character, dividing them into two groups: internal and international legally binding instruments and soft law instruments, in order to answer the question about their legal character and position in the EU legal order and in national orders of the Member States.