bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Purification and characterization of cationic peroxidase from ginger (Zingiber officinale)
Authors: El-Khonezy Mohamed I. , Abd-Elaziz Ahmed M. , Dondeti Mahmoud F. , Fahmy Afaf S. , Mohamed Saleh A.
Published: January 2020

Background

Due to versatility in reaction catalyzed by peroxidases, they have potential applications in different areas in the health sciences, food industry, and diagnostic purposes. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the properties of peroxidase from ginger to be meeting the perquisites of several applications.

Results

The cationic peroxidase (GPII) was purified to homogeneity by anion exchange chromatography using DEAE–Sepharose column followed by cation exchange chromatography using CM–Sepharose column and finally Sephacryl S-200 column. The molecular mass of GPII was 42 kDa. GPII shows oxidizing activity with several phenolic compounds by using H2O2as the second substrate. The natural plant phenolic compounds as pyrogallol, catechol, and guaiacol were found to be excellent electron donors for the enzyme compared to other phenolic compounds. GPII exhibited Kmvalues of 3.1 and 7.1 mM and Vmaxvalues of 0.6 and 0.31 units/assay using H2O2and guaiacol as substrates, respectively. The enzyme exhibited maximal peroxidase activity at broad pH’s 6.0–7.5 and 50 °C. GPII was thermal stable up to 50 °C and retained 66% of its activity at 70 °C after 1 h incubation. The GPII activated by most divalent cations tested and inhibited by Hg2+and Cu2+cations.

Conclusion

PGII could be used in several applications due to its catalytic properties, thermal stability, broad pH, and acting on several phenolic compounds.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Phycoremediation of automobile exhaust gases using green microalgae: a twofold advantage for pollutant removal and concurrent biomass/lipid yields
Authors: Kandimalla Pooja , Vatte Priyanka , Bandaru Chandra Sekhar Rao
Published: January 2020

In the present study, an effort has been made to sequester automobile exhaust gases from a petroleum based engine using microalgae Scenedesmus quadricauda. The automobile selected for the present study was a two wheeler motorcycle. S. quadricauda was subjected to un-suspended/attached non-enclosure cultivation onto a silicone matrix coated stainless steel pipe, protracted to the motorcycle silencer outlet through which, the exhaust gases passed out. The automobile exhaust gases initially contained 13% of carbon dioxide, 2.4% of carbon monoxide, 0.2% of nitric oxide, 0.08% of nitrogen dioxide, 0.1% of sulfur dioxide and 0.05% of sulfur trioxide concentrations, which were removed up to 62, 57, 65, 66, 64 and 65% respectively by S. quadricauda from the attached growth experiment. The present study results showed that the exhaust gases played a crucial role in inducing biomass and lipid yields up to ≥2 and ≥ 0.6 g L− 1 respectively. The tolerance of S. quadricauda to the exhaust gas components’ toxicity and its efficiency in treating them followed by the biomass and lipid productivities were better than anticipated in the present study.
Feasibility of MRI in diagnosis and characterization of intra-articular synovial masses and mass-like lesions
Authors: Mohey Nesreen , Hassan Tamir A.
Published: January 2020

Background

Classifications of intra-articular masses are infectious granulomatous diseases, non-infectious synovial proliferative processes (synovial chondromatosis, lipoma arborescens, rheumatoid arthritis, pigmented villonodular synovitis [PVNS]), vascular malformations, deposition disorders, neoplastic, and miscellaneous conditions. The aim of this study is to correlate the results of MRI with arthroscopy in characterization of different varieties of intra-articular synovial masses and mass-like lesions. This observational prospective study was conducted between February 2018 and August 2019. We screened 1000 routine musculoskeletal MRI examination during this period, 32 of which showed intra-articular synovial masses/mass-like lesions. The selected 32 patients (20 males and 12 females) have a mean age of 49.20 ± 2.0 years; all presented with joint swelling, pain, or difficulty of movement according to the joint affected. All patients underwent arthroscopy for histopathological correlation.

Results

The final diagnosis was synovial chondromatosis in 14 patients (43.8%), PVNS in ten patients (31.3%), and lipoma arborescens in five patients (15.6%). Synovial chondrosarcoma, synovial hematoma, and synovial ganglion cyst each in one patient (3.1%). The concordance of MRI to arthroscopy was 96.6% accuracy, 91.7% sensitivity, 99% specificity, 52.3% PPV, and 99.9% NPV.

Conclusion

Good correlation was observed between MRI and arthroscopy in diagnosis of intra-articular synovial masses/mass-like lesions.
Modelling financial openness growth-nexus in Nigeria: evidence from bounds testing to cointegration approach
Authors: Fasanya Ismail O. , Olayemi Ismail A.
Published: January 2020

Financial liberalization is theoretically known to be an important driver of economic growth; the emergence of new industries, the availability of money in the circulation and how it affects prices, extent of international trade in the countries among others are necessities that any economy cannot survive without. This paper examines the impact of financial liberalization on economic growth in Nigeria for the period of 1981–2013 using the autoregressive distributed lag bounds testing approach. The findings of this study reveal strong relationship between the indicators of financial liberalization and economic growth in Nigeria. We find that very high levels of financial openness generally erode the growth-promoting role of financial development. From the policy perspective, there is an ardent need to stabilize the performance of financial system in Nigeria.
Adherence to Oral Anticancer Medications After Implementation of an Ambulatory Adherence Program at a Large Urban Academic Hospital
Authors: Curry Marjorie A. , Chineke Iloabueke , Redelico Tyler , Terrell Constance , Bell Winifred , Flood Darica , Mishra Pooja , LaFollette Jennifer , Power Steve , Bernal-Mizrachi Leon
Published: January 2020

PURPOSE:

Oral anticancer medications (OAMs) offer convenient administration, reducing the burden of cancer treatment, but create challenges for patients and practitioners. Using data from the Quality Oncology Practice Initiative analysis, a baseline adherence rate of 30% was identified at a large public, academic hospital. To improve OAM adherence, a quality improvement initiative was conducted.

METHODS:

The aim was to increase OAM patient adherence by 30 percentage points. Through cause-and-effect analysis, adherence barriers were identified, leading to the development of 2 strategies: low-cost adherence tools and a pharmacist-led adherence program. Prescription refill data were collected before and after the intervention, using prescription-fill data and specialty pharmacy records. Adherence was defined as the patient having the drug available at least 80% to less than 120% of the days evaluated for 4 treatment cycles. Other indicators collected included the number of interventions, OAM-related toxicity, emergency room visits, and hospitalizations.

RESULTS:

OAM adherence increased from 37% to 85% (n = 20 of 54 v 44 of 52 patients; P < .0001) in 1 year. During the study, 655 interventions were documented by the pharmacist (adherence related, n = 331; treatment related, n = 324). The number of oncology-related emergency room referrals leading to hospitalization increased from 52% (n = 13 of 25) to 62% (n = 23 of 37) during the study period.

CONCLUSION:

A pharmacist-led adherence program, combined with low-cost adherence tools, exceeded the goal for the adherence initiative, suggesting that a multidisciplinary collaborative approach to OAM adherence can have a significant impact on outcomes.
Single-cell RNAseq analysis of testicular germ and somatic cell development during the perinatal period
Authors: Tan Kun , Song Hye-Won , Wilkinson Miles F.
Published: January 2020

Pro-spermatogonia (SG) serve as the gateway to spermatogenesis. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (RNAseq), we studied the development of ProSG, their SG descendants and testicular somatic cells during the perinatal period in mice. We identified both gene and protein markers for three temporally distinct ProSG cell subsets, including a migratory cell population with a transcriptome distinct from the previously defined T1- and T2-ProSG stages. This intermediate (I)-ProSG subset translocates from the center of seminiferous tubules to the spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) ‘niche’ in its periphery soon after birth. We identified three undifferentiated SG subsets at postnatal day 7, each of which expresses distinct genes, including transcription factor and signaling genes. Two of these subsets have the characteristics of newly emergent SSCs. We also molecularly defined the development of Sertoli, Leydig and peritubular myoid cells during the perinatal period, allowing us to identify candidate signaling pathways acting between somatic and germ cells in a stage-specific manner during the perinatal period. Our study provides a rich resource for those investigating testicular germ and somatic cell developmental during the perinatal period.
Macrophages show higher levels of engulfment after disruption of cis interactions between CD47 and the checkpoint receptor SIRPα
Authors: Hayes Brandon H. , Tsai Richard K. , Dooling Lawrence J. , Kadu Siddhant , Lee Justine Y. , Pantano Diego , Rodriguez Pia L. , Subramanian Shyamsundar , Shin Jae-Won , Discher Dennis E.
Published: January 2020

The macrophage checkpoint receptor SIRPα signals against phagocytosis by binding CD47 expressed on all cells – including macrophages. Here, we found that inhibiting cis interactions between SIRPα and CD47 on the same macrophage increased engulfment (‘eating’) by approximately the same level as inhibiting trans interactions. Antibody blockade of CD47, as pursued in clinical trials against cancer, was applied separately to human-derived macrophages and to red blood cell (RBC) targets for phagocytosis, and both scenarios produced surprisingly similar increases in RBC engulfment. Blockade of both macrophages and targets resulted in hyper-phagocytosis, and knockdown of macrophage-CD47 likewise increased engulfment of ‘foreign’ cells and particles, decreased the baseline inhibitory signaling of SIRPα, and linearly increased binding of soluble CD47 in trans, consistent with cis-trans competition. Many cell types express both SIRPα and CD47, including mouse melanoma B16 cells, and CRISPR-mediated deletions modulate B16 phagocytosis, consistent with cis-trans competition. Additionally, soluble SIRPα binding to human CD47 displayed on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells was suppressed by SIRPα co-display, and atomistic computations confirm SIRPα bends and binds CD47 in cis. Safety and efficacy profiles for CD47–SIRPα blockade might therefore reflect a disruption of both cis and trans interactions.
Diversification of CORVET tethers facilitates transport complexity in Tetrahymena thermophila
Authors: Sparvoli Daniela , Zoltner Martin , Cheng Chao-Yin , Field Mark C. , Turkewitz Aaron P.
Published: January 2020

In endolysosomal networks, two hetero-hexameric tethers called HOPS and CORVET are found widely throughout eukaryotes. The unicellular ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila possesses elaborate endolysosomal structures, but curiously both it and related protozoa lack the HOPS tether and several other trafficking proteins, while retaining the related CORVET complex. Here, we show that Tetrahymena encodes multiple paralogs of most CORVET subunits, which assemble into six distinct complexes. Each complex has a unique subunit composition and, significantly, shows unique localization, indicating participation in distinct pathways. One pair of complexes differ by a single subunit (Vps8), but have late endosomal versus recycling endosome locations. While Vps8 subunits are thus prime determinants for targeting and functional specificity, determinants exist on all subunits except Vps11. This unprecedented expansion and diversification of CORVET provides a potent example of tether flexibility, and illustrates how ‘backfilling’ following secondary losses of trafficking genes can provide a mechanism for evolution of new pathways.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Study protocol for a process evaluation of a cluster randomised controlled trial to reduce potentially inappropriate prescribing and polypharmacy in patients with multimorbidity in Irish primary care (SPPiRE)
Authors: Kyne Karen , McCarthy Caroline , Kiely Bridget , Smith Susan M. , Clyne Barbara ,   SPPiRE Study team
Published: January 2020

Background: Multimorbidity (the presence of two or more chronic conditions) is associated with poorer health outcomes, particularly for patients with significant polypharmacy (≥15 medications), due to the higher risk of adverse events and drug interactions. The SPPiRE study will assess the effectiveness of a complex intervention to support general practitioners (GPs) to reduce potentially inappropriate prescribing and consider deprescribing in older people with multimorbidity and significant polypharmacy. The aim of the SPPiRE process evaluation is to understand how and why the intervention is effective or ineffective and to explore the potential for system wide implementation of the intervention using the Medical Research Council general themes of context, implementation and mechanism of impact.

Methods: The SPPiRE study is a clustered randomised controlled trial (RCT), aiming to recruit 55 general practices and 400 patients (≥65 years) on ≥15 medications throughout the Republic of Ireland.

This mixed-methods process evaluation of the SPPiRE study will integrate both quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data will be collected on use of the intervention elements and from GP questionnaires. Qualitative data will be collected from semi-structured telephone interviews with all intervention GPs and a purposeful sample of patients from intervention practices. The topic guide will explore barriers and facilitators to participation and implementation of the intervention.

Quantitative data will be analysed using descriptive statistics. Interviews will be transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Quantitative and qualitative data will be then be integrated.

Discussion: The SPPiRE cluster RCT will provide evidence regarding the effectiveness and practicability of delivering a structured medication review in reducing polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate prescribing for patients with multimorbidity. This process evaluation will provide information on how the intervention was implemented, how it was or was not effective and the potential for a system wide implementation.

Trial registration: ISRCTN 12752680, registration: 20/10/2016
Process of Effective Management by a Socially- Psychological Climate in Organization
Authors: Burenina Natal'ya
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the process of effective management of the socio-psychological climate in the organization. The author notes that the socio-psychological climate is an indicator of the level of development of the workforce, capable of more efficient work. The aim of the study is to study the factors that ensure a favorable socio-psychological climate in the workforce using modern research methods: analysis, synthesis, grouping methods, tabular; systematization of factors affecting the process of effective management of the socio-psychological climate in the team. The methodological basis of the study was the theoretical provisions for determining the definition of the socio-psychological climate of the team, an analytical review of practical studies of the factors influencing it in modern market conditions. As a result of the study, a systematization of factors affecting the creation of a favorable socio-psychological climate in the team was carried out.
Enterprise Crowdsourcing Platform to Improve HR Workflow
Authors: Zuev G.
Published: January 2020

Crowdsourcing technologies may solve a wide range of business issues: improve efficiency of HR management, increase customer loyalty and maximize economic efficiency of whole enterprise. The recent years best practice has shown how crowdsourcing is gaining particular relevance of human resource management, allowing HR managers to resolve organization relevant problems in quick and cost-effective manner. Important advantage of crowdsourcing сomes from his main ability: decomposition of tasks into small parts and the ability to perform it’s remotely, via Internet. Thanks to this, not only large corporations, but also small and medium-sized businesses can execute a large-scale projects in a short time. This article discusses the main approaches and principles of practical project management via crowdsourcing platforms, using as the example “Beorg Smart Vision” solution.
O TEMPO DE PRÁTICA E A PRÁTICA DE OUTRO EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO INFLUENCIAM NA APTIDÃO FÍSICA DE IDOSOS PRATICANTES DO MÉTODO PILATES?
Authors: Vicentini de Oliveira Daniel , Amarante do Nascimento Matheus , Mendes Arantes Alves Geisa Luiza , Merim Santos Rafaela , Morais Freire Gabriel Lucas , Dos Santos Stevan Ricardo , Andrade do Nascimento Júnior José Roberto
Published: January 2020

OBJETIVO: Verificar se o tempo de prática no Pilates e a prática adicional de outro exercício físico influenciam na aptidão física de idosos praticantes de Pilates. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: O estudo transversal foi composto por 60 idosos praticantes de Pilates de estúdios e academias da cidade de Maringá- Paraná, Brasil em 2019. Todas as análises foram realizadas nas próprias academias, sendo as variáveis sóciodemográficas analisadas por meio de um questionário semiestruturado e as capacidades físicas aferidas pela bateria Senior Fitness Test. As análises de dados foram conduzidas por meio da Anova One-Way e do teste t de student independente (p < 0,05). RESULTADOS: Idosos que praticam o Pilates há mais de três anos apresentaram melhor desempenho no teste de alcançar atrás das costas (x = -4,96) em comparação aos idosos que praticam a modalidade entre três e 12 meses (x= -14,43 cm). Ainda, os idosos que praticam apenas o Pilates apresentaram aptidão física semelhante aos idosos que também praticam outro exercício. CONCLUSÃO: Não houve diferenças significantes entre quem pratica outro tipo de exercício físico associado ao Pilates nos diferentes componentes da aptidão física. Porém, o maior volume total de tempo de prática do Pilates, aparentemente, proporciona melhores resultados sobre a flexibilidade de membros superiores de idosos.
SATISFAÇÃO DOS USUÁRIOS COM SERVIÇOS DA FARMÁCIA COMUNITÁRIA: UMA ABORDAGEM ESPACIAL
Authors: Fernandes Brígida Dias , Freitas Rodrigo Randow de , Melchiors Ana Carolina , Pontarolo Roberto
Published: January 2020

Objetivo: Analisar a satisfação dos usuários com os serviços prestados em farmácias comunitárias, abordando aspectos de acessibilidade geográfica e um Sistema de Informações Geográficas. Metodologia: Foi aplicada uma versão adaptada do Questionário de Satisfação com os Serviços da Farmácia (QSSF) aos usuários de farmácias privadas localizadas no município de São Mateus/ES. A coleta de dados ocorreu próximo às farmácias, com os usuários que haviam acabado de receber os serviços e em locais públicos do município. Além da análise estatística de validação, foram criados mapas temáticos para melhor visualização dos resultados. Resultados: O QSSF adaptado foi aplicado a 530 usuários, sendo que 35% (n=185) afirmaram terem sido atendidos pelo farmacêutico e responderam todas as questões. Após a análise fatorial, os itens originais e adaptados se organizaram em três domínios. Os usuários que afirmaram terem sido atendido pelos farmacêuticos, entrevistados próximos às farmácias estavam mais satisfeitos do que os entrevistados em locais públicos (4,14±0,45 vs. 3,84±0,58; p?0,001). Em ambos locais de entrevistas e tipos de atendimento, as médias de satisfação relacionadas ao domínio sobre acessibilidade geográfica foram as menores. Nos locais próximos às farmácias, os atendidos pelo farmacêutico estavam mais satisfeitos do que os que não souberam quem os atendeu (4,14±0,45 vs. 3,83±0,47; p?0,001). Os mapas temáticos mostraram a concentração de farmácias nas regiões centrais, mas não houve diferença significativa entre as médias de satisfação por bairro. Conclusão: A visualização espacial dos resultados de satisfação permitiu identificar as áreas que podem se beneficiar de ações que promovam a melhoria dos serviços ofertados.
SABERES E PRÁTICAS DO ENFERMEIRO NA CONSULTA COM O IDOSO NA ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA
Authors: Da Costa Josias Botelho , Furtado Letícia Gemyna Serrão , Girard Cláudia Cristina Pinto
Published: January 2020

Objetivo: Conhecer os saberes e as práticas do enfermeiro frente ao cuidado à saúde da pessoa idosa na Estratégia Saúde da Família.Metodologia: Pesquisa de campo, com desenho qualitativo e de caráter descritivo, tendo como participantes 18 enfermeiros. Os dados foram coletados através de gravação de entrevista com uso de roteiro, sendo analizados e interpretados com a técnica de análise de conteúdo.Resultados: As categorias “conhecimentos do que é promover saúde do idoso” e “a consulta realizada pelo enfermeiro” mostraram que o cuidado ao idoso está sendo um desafio, estando o enfermeiro com concepção de cuidado ainda ligado às abordagens curativas e sua prática apresentando deficiência em pressupostos metodológicos.Conclusão: A pesquisa sugere o fomento na formação baseado em modelos capacitadores de assistência e gestão, pois os avanços na qualificação do enfermeiro e na qualidade da atenção prestada aos idosos são necessários para o alcance das políticas de saúde.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Atenção Primária à Saúde; Atenção à Saúde; Enfermagem; Idoso.
AUTOMEDICAÇÃO NO TRATAMENTO DE SINTOMAS DE MANIFESTAÇÃO DE ESTRESSE POR DISCENTES DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO FEDERAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR NO ESTADO DO CEARÁ
Authors: Dutra Francisco Clécio da Silva , Felício Janiel Ferreira , De Moura Inara da Silva , Cavalcante Cinthia Mendonça , Nepomuceno Francisco Washington Araújo Barros , Do Amaral Jeferson Falcão
Published: January 2020

A automedicação é uma resultante de inúmeros fatores, dentre eles se destacam a dificuldade do acesso aos serviços de saúde e a necessidade de aliviar sintomas. Os universitários são umas das conjunturas sociais que mais praticam automedicação, onde a busca por meios que amenizem perturbações causadas ou intensificadas por razões emocionais. Os objetivos do estudo foram avaliar a frequência da automedicação praticada e descrever quais medicamentos foram os mais utilizados pela classe discente de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior no Estado do Ceará. Participaram da pesquisa 120 discentes. Para a coleta dos dados aplicaram-se três questionários: um questionário sobre o perfil sócio demográfico, um questionário semiestruturado a respeito da prática da automedicação e para avaliar as manifestações de estresse utilizou-se o Inventário de Sintomas de Estresse de Lipp. Destes, 96 alunos afirmaram fazer uso de medicamentos sem prescrição médica, correspondendo a 80% da amostra avaliada; enquanto 24 afirmaram que não, correspondendo a 20% dos discentes. Os medicamentos mais apontados foram os analgésicos e os AINES. O uso de fármacos para reversão de sintomas de manifestação de estresse é elevado nos discentes da instituição onde o presente estudo foi desenvolvido.
LA DEDICACIÓN INFATIGABLE DE ANNA VERTUA GENTILE COMO EDUCADORA Y ESCRITORA
Authors: Bartolotta Salvatore , Moreno Celeghin María Gracia
Published: January 2020

Anna Vertua Gentile fue maestra y escritora en una época fundamentalen la historia de Italia, puesto que vivió a caballo de lossiglos XIX y XX siendo testigo directo de los cambios políticos,sociales y culturales en los que se vio sumergido el país antes ydespués de su unificación como Reino. Fue una de las autoras másproductivas e infatigables del momento y gozó de un gran éxito,cultivando diferentes géneros literarios: relatos y cuentos paraniños y niñas, obras de teatro infantiles, además de los llamados“manuales de comportamiento”, dirigidos en especial al públicofemenino con un fin claramente pedagógico y educativo. Sinembargo, como tantas otras mujeres escritoras, fue olvidada y suobra apenas fue traducida. Con este artículo pretendemos rescatarsu figura con el fin de que sea justamente reconocida.
La traducció és política. Sobre el mercat de les llengües. Ressenya de ‘La Langue mondiale?, de P. Casanova…
Authors: Bassas Xavier
Published: January 2020

BASSAS, Xavier (Universitat de Barcelona). La traducció és política.Sobre el mercat de les llengües. Ressenya del llibre: CASANOVA,Pascale Casanova. (2016). La langue mondiale. Traduction et domination,París: Seuil, 144 pàgs.
Reseña del libro: ÁLVAREZ MANEIRO, Gemma & BORRIERO.
Authors: Fernández Rodríguez Áurea
Published: January 2020

FERNÁNDEZ RODRÍGUEZ, Áurea (Universidade de Vigo, UVigo).Reseña del libro: ÁLVAREZ MANEIRO, Gemma BORRIERO, Giovanni.(eds.). (2018). La letteratura galega. Autori e testi. Roma:Carocci editore (col. “Lingue e Letterature Carocci”, 254), 407 págs.
Super-resolution single-photon imaging at 8.2 kilometers
Authors: Li Zheng-Ping , Huang Xin , Jiang Peng-Yu , Hong Yu , Yu Chao , Cao Yuan , Zhang Jun , Xu Feihu , Jian-Wei Pan and
Published: January 2020

Single-photon light detection and ranging (LiDAR), offering single-photon sensitivity and picosecond time resolution, has been widely adopted for active imaging applications. Long-range active imaging is a great challenge, because the spatial resolution degrades significantly with the imaging range due to the diffraction limit of the optics, and only weak echo signal photons can return but mixed with a strong background noise. Here we propose and demonstrate a photon-efficient LiDAR approach that can achieve sub-Rayleigh resolution imaging over long ranges. This approach exploits fine sub-pixel scanning and a deconvolution algorithm tailored to this long-range application. Using this approach, we experimentally demonstrated active three-dimensional (3D) single-photon imaging by recognizing different postures of a mannequin model at a stand-off distance of 8.2 km in both daylight and night. The observed spatial (transversal) resolution is ∼5.5 cm at 8.2 km, which is about twice of the system’s resolution. This also beats the optical system’s Rayleigh criterion. The results are valuable for geosciences and target recognition over long ranges.
Detailed illumination model for bifacial solar cells
Authors: Jäger Klaus , Tillmann Peter , Becker Christiane
Published: January 2020

We present a detailed illumination model for bifacial photovoltaic modules in a large PV field. The model considers direct light and diffuse light from the sky and treats the illumination of the ground in detail, where it discriminates between illumination of the ground arising from diffuse and direct light. The model calculates the irradiance components on arbitrarily many positions along the module. This is relevant for finding the minimal irradiance, which determines the PV module performance for many PV modules. Finally, we discuss several examples. The code for the model is available online (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3543570).
Frequency analysis of light field sampling for texture information
Authors: Zhu Changjian , Zhang Hong , Liu Qiuming , Yu Yanping , Su Hongtao
Published: January 2020

Light field sampling (LFS) theory can properly reduce minimum sampling rate while ensuring that novel views are not distorted for image-based rendering (IBR). The minimum sampling rate is determined by spectral support of light field. The spectral support of light field has studied the influence of the following factors: the minimum depth and the maximum depth, non-Lambertian reflections, whether the scene surfaces are flat, maximum frequency of painted signals. In this paper, we further perfect the light field spectrum analysis from the quantitative description of scene texture information based on the existing spectrum analysis theory. The quantification of texture information can be interactively refined via detected regional entropy. Thus, we can derive a spectral analytical function of light field with respect to texture information. The new function allows the spectral support of light field to be analyzed and estimated for different texture information associated with scene objects. In this way, we limit the spectral analysis problems of light field to those of a simpler signal. We show that this spectral analysis approach can be easily extended to arbitrary scene complexity levels, as we simplify the LFS of complex scenes to a plane. Additionally, the spectral support of light field broadens as the plane texture information becomes more complex. We present experimental results to demonstrate the performance of LFS with texture information, verify our theoretical analysis, and extend our conclusions on the optimal minimum sampling rate.
Ultra-wideband far-infrared absorber based on anisotropically etched doped silicon
Authors: You Xiaolong , Upadhyay Aditi , Cheng Yongzhi , Bhaskaran Madhu , Sriram Sharath , Fumeaux Christophe , Withayachumnankul Withawat
Published: January 2020

Far-infrared absorbers exhibiting wideband performance are in great demand in numerous applications, including imaging, detection, and wireless communications. Here, a nonresonant far-infrared absorber with ultra-wideband operation is proposed. This absorber is in the form of inverted pyramidal cavities etched into moderately doped silicon. By means of a wet-etching technique, the crystallinity of silicon restricts the formation of the cavities to a particular shape in an angle that favors impedance matching between lossy silicon and free space. Far-infrared waves incident on this absorber experience multiple reflections on the slanted lossy silicon side walls, being dissipated towards the cavity bottom. The simulation and measurement results confirm that an absorption beyond 90% can be sustained from 1.25 to 5.00 THz. Furthermore, the experiment results suggest that the absorber can operate up to at least 21.00 THz with a specular reflection less than 10% and negligible transmission.
Plasma mirror focal spot quality for glass and aluminum mirrors for laser pulses up to 20  ps
Authors: Edghill Brandon , Forestier-Colleoni Pierre , Park Jaebum , Rubenchik Alexander , Beg Farhat N. , Ma Tammy
Published: January 2020

High-intensity short-pulse lasers are being pushed further as applications continue to demand higher laser intensities. Uses such as radiography and laser-driven particle acceleration require these higher intensities to produce the necessary x-ray and particle fluxes. Achieving these intensities, however, is limited by the damage threshold of costly optics and the complexity of target chambers. This is evidenced by the Advanced Radiographic Capability (ARC) short-pulse laser at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, producing four high-energy

≈
1

k
J

laser pulses at 30 ps pulse duration, being limited to an intensity of

10

18

W

/

c
m

2

by the large focal spot size of

≈
100

µ

m

. Due to the setup complexity of NIF, changing the location of the final focusing parabola in order to improve the focal spot size is not an option. This leads to the possible use of disposable ellipsoidal plasma mirrors (PMs) placed within the chamber, close to the target in an attempt to refocus the four ARC beams. However, the behavior of PMs at these relatively long pulse durations (tens of picoseconds) is not well characterized. The results from the COMET laser at the Jupiter Laser Facility carried out at 0.5 to 20 ps pulse durations on flat mirrors are presented as a necessary first step towards focusing curved mirrors. The findings show defocusing at longer pulse durations and higher intensities, with less degradation when using aluminum coated mirrors.
Phase retrieval with fast convergence employing parallel alternative projections and phase reset for coherent communications
Authors: Chen Haoshuo , Huang Hanzi , Fontaine Nicolas K. , Ryf Roland
Published: January 2020

Phase-retrieval (PR) receivers can reconstruct complex-valued signals using only direct detection without the use of any optical carriers. We propose and demonstrate two PR receiver solutions with faster and better convergence. First, we demonstrate a PR receiver based on parallel alternative projections that are produced by propagating the signal through an array of dispersive elements of increasing length followed by direct detection. Fast convergence and high retrieved phase accuracy are achieved using a modified Gerchberg–Saxton (GS) algorithm that uses each projection as an intensity constraint. Second, we achieve similar performances employing an enhanced single projection GS algorithm with selective phase reset using symbol-wise GS errors. We experimentally reconstruct a 30 Gbaud QPSK signal after 55 km single-mode fiber transmission using the proposed solutions with a reduced number of iterations.
Circular ripple patterns on silicon induced by bubble-diffracted femtosecond laser pulses in liquid
Authors: Romashevskiy Sergey A. , Ashitkov Sergey I. , Agranat Mikhail B.
Published: January 2020

We report on a new technique of silicon surface nanostructuring in liquid with a pair of Gaussian-shaped femtosecond laser pulses. The bubble, generated in liquid near the molten silicon surface by the first pulse, serves as a dynamic microscale obstacle for spatial modulation of the intensity profile of the second pulse following at a certain delay via scattering processes. As a result, the circular ripple patterns with anomalously high surface-relief modulation, undersurface annular nanocavities, and interfacial smoothness are produced at the surface. The possibility of the control over the specific pattern through the laser intensity variation is shown.
Tm:YAG ceramic derived multimaterial fiber with high gain per unit length for 2 µm laser applications
Authors: Qian Guoquan , Wang Wenlong , Tang Guowu , Guan Xianchao , Lin Wei , Qian Qi , Chen Dongdan , Yang Changsheng , Liu Jiantao , Zhou Guiyao , Xu Shanhui , Yang Zhongmin
Published: January 2020

In this work, Tm:YAG (Tm:

Y

3

A
l

5

O

12

) ceramic-derived multimaterial fiber was fabricated by using the molten core method, which has a high gain per unit length of 2.7 dB/cm at 1950 nm. To our knowledge, this is the highest gain per unit length at 2 µm band in similar Tm:YAG-derived multimaterial fibers. A distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) fiber laser was built based on a 10-cm-long as-drawn fiber. The achieved 1950 nm laser, which has a maximum output power of

∼

240

m
W

and a slope efficiency of 16.5%, was pumped by a self-developed 1610 nm fiber laser. What is more, an all-fiber-integrated passively mode-locked fiber laser based on the 10-cm-long as-drawn fiber was realized. The mode-locked pulses operate at 1950 nm with duration of

∼

380

p
s

, and the repetition rate is 26.45 MHz. The results described here indicate that the Tm:YAG ceramic-derived multimaterial fiber with high gain per unit length has promising applications in 2 µm all-fiber fiber lasers.
Effective Rabi dynamics of Rydberg atoms and robust high-fidelity quantum gates with a resonant amplitude-modulation field
Authors: Wu Jin-Lei , Su Shi-Lei , Wang Yan , Song Jie , Xia Yan , Jiang Yong-Yuan
Published: January 2020

With a resonant amplitude-modulation field on two Rydberg atoms, we propose a Rydberg antiblockade (RAB) regime, where the Rabi oscillation between collective ground and excited states is induced. A controlled-Z gate can be yielded through a Rabi cycle. Further, several common issues of the RAB gates are solved by modifying the parameter relation. The gate fidelity and gate robustness against the control error are enhanced with a shaped pulse. The requirement of control precision of the Rydberg–Rydberg interaction strength is relaxed. In addition, the atomic excitation is restrained and therefore the gate robustness against atomic decay is enhanced.
Performance, corporalidad y democracia: La educación corporal del profesorado desde el agonismo político
Authors: García Puchades Wenceslao
Published: January 2020

El siguiente texto documenta el uso de la performance artística política como instrumento para fortalecer los vínculos entre democracia y educación. Este estudio se ha llevado a cabo con 45 alumnos/as de la asignatura de Didáctica de las Actividades Físico Expresivas del Grado de Maestro de Educación Primaria. Para documentar la propuesta hemos seguido una metodología cualitativa. Los resultados muestran cómo la performance artística contribuye al proceso de subjetivación política del futuro profesorado en la medida en que se ve capaz de utilizar las instituciones educativas para reivindicar una idea de corporalidad más plural. En este proceso la performances políticas se presenta como un recurso docente excelente porque les permiten experimentar su cuerpo en conflicto con los discursos hegemónicos. El artículo abre nuevas vías para aplicar la investigación en las artes performativas al ámbito de la educación y la práctica política.
La signodanza: Espacio para la diversidad
Authors: Rodríguez Ruiz Rakel
Published: January 2020

La Signodanza es un modo de expresión que integra la comunicación y la creación artística a partes iguales, a través de la fusión de los distintos estilos de danza con las lenguas de signos y con el sistema de signos internacional. Es un fin en sí misma y a la vez un medio para conectar emociones y trabajar desde la diversidad junto a diferentes colectivos en riesgo de exclusión social.  Este artículo pretende mostrar los resultados positivos que tiene esta disciplina artística como vehículo integrador de públicos y lenguajes. Es facilitadora del desarrollo físico y emocional de las personas que trabajan con ella, convirtiéndose en una herramienta accesible que puede ser usada desde el ámbito del movimiento y de la educación inclusiva. La Signodanza es utilizada aquí como nexo, como vínculo integrador entre la danza, el arte y la cultura que promueve la inclusión y respeta la diferencia.
Para una lectura de Eduardo García
Authors: Ruiz Pérez Pedro
Published: January 2020

Para una lectura de Eduardo García. Presentación del número 32 de la revista Anales de Literatura Española.
El recado de la escritura (Apunte desde el taller)
Authors: Ginés Muñoz Antonio Luis
Published: January 2020

Desde la experiencia de los talleres de escritura se propone una lectura de Escribir un poema (2000), destacando en la obra lo que la convierte en algo diferente a un simple manual de composición. Junto a su carácter pionero y las peculiaridades de un discurso que busca la complicidad, se subraya una condición ensayística directamente relacionada con la búsqueda de una voz poética propia y la redacción posterior de Una poética del límite (2005).
Práticas de linguagem e saberes locais em contexto de fronteiras
Authors: Pires-Santos Maria Elena , Machado e Silva Regina Coeli
Published: January 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma experiência de participação colaborativa – professores de um colégio estadual, alunos e outros atores da comunidade escolar, incluindo moradores do bairro onde está situado o colégio, professores da Universidade e acadêmicas dos cursos de Letras – que possibilitou a emergência de saberes locais e práticas de linguagem, por meio do desenvolvimento de um projeto, intitulado “Projeto Memória”. Teve como finalidade reconstruir a história de formação do Bairro e do colégio, contou com professores de diferentes áreas do conhecimento e permitiu que todos, percebessem as inter-relações constitutivas entre o contexto escolar e os modos de existência local. A experiência etnográfica construída com o Projeto evidenciou a importância do trabalho coletivo, o qual teve como pressupostos uma pedagogia inspirada em uma perspectiva culturalmente sensível e se estendeu para além das paredes da sala de aula e dos muros do colégio.
Clampeando o cordão
Authors: Maciel Ruberval Franco , Barbosa Alves Dalmo
Published: January 2020

Em consonância com a proposta do número temático desta revista – o que significa pensar e fazer pesquisa de outro modo, no âmbito dos estudos e do ensino sobre o funcionamento da língua(gem) e dos processos de produção de sentidos? -, buscamos, no presente artigo, apresentar um diálogo inicial que se traduz em um exercício de deslocamento de olhares de dois pesquisadores, um com formação em Línguística Aplicada e outro em Medicina com o propósito de problematizar a interface papel da linguagem com o aspecto de humanização na formação médica. A partir da perspectiva da duetnografia (NORRIS; SAWYER, 2012; BREAULT, 2016; MORGAN; MARTI; MACIEL, 2019), objetivamos discutir os aspectos de construção de sentidos pautados nos estudos de semiótica social (BEZEMER; KRESS, 2016), de letramento em saúde (RUDD; ANDERSON, 2006) e de Letramentos (LEMKE, 2006, entre outros). Para tanto, revistamos a discussão acerca de construção de sentidos em três cenários - escola, museu e hospital. Para abordarmos as percepções dos pesquisadores, analisamos um centro cirúrgico e uma sala de parto de uma maternidade como espaços multissemióticos de construção de sentidos.
Beijar, verbo intransitivo
Authors: Pinto Cadilhe de Assis Jácome Alexandre José , Peters Salgado Ana Cláudia
Published: January 2020

O ensaio aqui apresentado discute a formação de professores a partir de desafios propostos pela vida cotidiana. A partir de duas cenas surgidas durante disciplinas de estágio curricular em língua portuguesa e língua inglesa, argumentamos em favor de espaços nos cursos de formação de professores para tratar de temas suprimidos nos documentos oficiais da educação brasileira, mas muito presentes nas vivências escolares e nos extramuros. Ao discutirmos a formação de professores de línguas, especificamente, defendemos o espaço das narrativas, dos questionamentos, das críticas, da transdiciplinaridade, do olhar para as dinâmicas micropolíticas como modo de intervir na formação docente de forma sensível à diversidade social.
Summer English language and American culture immersion program
Authors: Chabierska Małgorzata
Published: January 2020

-
Centrosymmetric LaRh2Ga2
Authors: Seidel Stefan , Schubert Lea , Hoffmann Rolf-Dieter , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: January 2020

Polycrystalline samples of LaRh2Ga2 with the centrosymmetric CaBe2Ge2 type structure were obtained by arc-melting. Small single crystals were grown through a special annealing sequence in an induction furnace. The structures of two different crystals were refined from diffractometer data, confirming the centrosymmetric structure. The 2c Rh sites were refined with anharmonic atomic displacement parameters.
Neuronal Glutamatergic Synaptic Clefts Alkalinize Rather Than Acidify during Neurotransmission
Authors: Stawarski Michal , Hernandez Roberto X. , Feghhi Touhid , Borycz Jolanta A. , Lu Zhiyuan , Agarwal Andrea B. , Reihl Kelly D. , Tavora Rubens , Lau A.W.C. , Meinertzhagen Ian A. , Renden Robert , Macleod Gregory T.
Published: January 2020

The dogma that the synaptic cleft acidifies during neurotransmission is based on the corelease of neurotransmitters and protons from synaptic vesicles, and is supported by direct data from sensory ribbon-type synapses. However, it is unclear whether acidification occurs at non–ribbon-type synapses. Here we used genetically encoded fluorescent pH indicators to examine cleft pH at conventional neuronal synapses. At the neuromuscular junction of femaleDrosophilalarvae, we observed alkaline spikes of over 1 log unit during fictive locomotionin vivo. Ex vivo, single action potentials evoked alkalinizing pH transients of only ∼0.01 log unit, but these transients summated rapidly during burst firing. A chemical pH indicator targeted to the cleft corroborated these findings. Cleft pH transients were dependent on Ca2+movement across the postsynaptic membrane, rather than neurotransmitter release per se, a result consistent with cleft alkalinization being driven by the Ca2+/H+antiporting activity of the plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase at the postsynaptic membrane. Targeting the pH indicators to the microenvironment of the presynaptic voltage gated Ca2+channels revealed that alkalinization also occurred within the cleft proper at the active zone and not just within extrasynaptic regions. Application of the pH indicators at the mouse calyx of Held, a mammalian central synapse, similarly revealed cleft alkalinization during burst firing in both males and females. These findings, made at two quite different non–ribbon type synapses, suggest that cleft alkalinization during neurotransmission, rather than acidification, is a generalizable phenomenon across conventional neuronal synapses.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeurotransmission is highly sensitive to the pH of the extracellular milieu. This is readily evident in the neurological symptoms that accompany systemic acid/base imbalances. Imaging data from sensory ribbon-type synapses show that neurotransmission itself can acidify the synaptic cleft, likely due to the corelease of protons and glutamate. It is not clear whether the same phenomenon occurs at conventional neuronal synapses due to the difficulties in collecting such data. If it does occur, it would provide for an additional layer of activity-dependent modulation of neurotransmission. Our findings of alkalinization, rather than acidification, within the cleft of two different neuronal synapses encourages a reassessment of the scope of activity-dependent pH influences on neurotransmission and short-term synaptic plasticity.
Criminal Acts Performed by Children in the Perspective of Criminology (Case Study in Gorontalo City on 2008-2012)
Authors: Sarson Mohamad Taufiq Zulfikar
Published: January 2020

This study aims to determine the factors that lead to criminal offenses committed by children in the city of Gorontalo and how the response to the occurrence of criminal offenses committed by children in the city of Gorontalo. Data were collected through interviews, questionnaires. Analysis of the data used is data analysis that seeks to provide a clear and concrete description of the object that are discussed qualitatively and then the data is presented in descriptive technique that uses a frequency distribution test with the formula P = F / N x 100%. The results showed that the root causes of criminal offenses committed by children in the city of Gorontalo is the environmental factor family and social environment, socio-economic condition factor, factor the low level of education, liquor as psychological factors, and factors that are less religious knowledge. Efforts to control criminal offenses committed by children in the city of Gorontalo there are three forms: preventive countermeasures (prevention), attempts repressive and rehabilitation efforts
Health Care Supervision for Children With Williams Syndrome
Authors: Morris Colleen A. , Braddock Stephen R. ,   COUNCIL ON GENETICS, Chen Emily , Trotter Tracy L. , Berry Susan A. , Burke Leah W. , Geleske Timothy A. , Hamid Rizwan , Hopkin Robert J. , Introne Wendy J. , Lyons Michael J. , Scheuerle Angela E. , Stoler Joan M.
Published: January 2020

This set of recommendations is designed to assist the pediatrician in caring for children with Williams syndrome (WS) who were diagnosed by using clinical features and with chromosome 7 microdeletion confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization, chromosome microarray, or multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. The recommendations in this report reflect review of the current literature, including previously peer-reviewed and published management suggestions for WS, as well as the consensus of physicians and psychologists with expertise in the care of individuals with WS. These general recommendations for the syndrome do not replace individualized medical assessment and treatment.
ТРИНІТАРНЕ БОГОСЛОВ’Я КАРЛА БАРТА
Authors: Stryzhachuk F. V.
Published: January 2020

Карл Барт є ініціатором тринітарного Ренесансу у богослов’ї 20-го століття. У своєму тринітаризмі одкровення Барт критикує традиційний термін «особа» і пропонує замінити його терміном «образ буття». В статті аналізується роль кожного «образу буття» в ікономії спасіння і внутрішньому житті Трійці і розкривається зміст концепції «Бог, який любить у свободі».