bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of Performance Through Job Satisfaction: Competence, Motivation and Organizational Commitment at the Central Statistics Agency in West Sumatra
Authors: Afuan M. Afuan , Ali Hapzi , Zefriyenni Zefriyenni
Published: September 2024

Specifically, this study aims to analyze how competence, motivation, and organizational commitment affect performance both directly and indirectly through job satisfaction. The sample consisted of employees at the Central Statistics Agency of West Sumatra Region, selected using the Slovin formula, obtained 269 samples that met the criteria, and the data were tested using SEM PLS3. The findings of the study revealed that competence, motivation, and organizational commitment each had a significant positive effect on job satisfaction. While competence showed a positive but insignificant effect on performance, motivation and organizational commitment had a significant positive impact on performance. In addition, job satisfaction significantly affected performance. Competence, motivation, and organizational commitment also significantly improved employee performance through job satisfaction. These results indicate that increasing competence, motivation, and organizational commitment significantly improved performance and job satisfaction, with job satisfaction mediating the relationship between these factors and employee performance. The results of this study emphasize the important role of competence, motivation and organizational commitment in improving overall employee performance. This study recommends that research subjects improve employee competence to improve their performance. This increase in competence is expected to enable the employees concerned to improve the process of achieving performance more effectively.
A Review: Recent Advances in Microencapsulation Technology for Controlled Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Jacqueline Bower  , Dr. Sushma Vaishanav  , Dr. Swati Rawat  , Dr. Pravin Wakte  , Dr. Sachin Bhusari
Published: September 2024

Controlled drug delivery technology is a rapidly advancing field, integrating knowledge from various disciplines to improve therapeutic outcomes. Microencapsulation plays a vital role in this technology by converting liquids into solids, modifying colloidal and surface-active properties, offering environmental protection, enhancing bioavailability, and controlling drug release. Microcapsules, typically spherical particles ranging from 50 nm to 2 mm, enclose a core material within a polymer coating, protecting the active substance and allowing precise release control. The morphology of microcapsules is primarily influenced by the core material and the method of shell deposition. The primary drug release mechanisms from microcapsules include diffusion, dissolution, osmosis, and erosion. Microencapsulation techniques can be broadly classified into chemical and mechanical (or physical) processes, each tailored to optimize drug release profiles. This review discusses the latest advancements in microencapsulation technologies and their applications in controlled drug delivery systems
Usefulness of AI in Day-to-Day Life
Authors: Yash Mangesh Ombale  , Dr. Nilima Jajoo
Published: September 2024

The aim of this research article is to examine the many goals associated with incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) into daily life. The swift development of artificial intelligence technology has resulted in their extensive integration into several facets of human life. This essay explores the main goals of incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) into daily life, provides specific instances of AI applications, and talks about the possible implications and difficulties that come with doing so. This study emphasizes the revolutionary influence of artificial intelligence (AI) on contemporary society by providing a thorough examination of AI's role in improving efficiency, convenience, safety, and decision-making. Most ICT models are complicated, excessively dependent on large amounts of data, and lacking of self-idea functionality. Recent advances in AI have accelerated robotics' progress toward more flexibility and autonomy.
De worsteling van de IASB met de private sector – biedt IFRS 19 soelaas?
Authors: ter Hoeven Ralph
Published: September 2024

De IASB worstelt om een internationale, primair op beursondernemingen gerichte, norm te hervormen naar een variant voor het niet-beursgenoteerde deel van het bedrijfsleven. Als het al lukt (IFRS-SME) dan moet het concurreren met de lokale varianten en het bepalen van die varianten willen jurisdicties graag in eigen hand houden. Hier speelt dus ook het behoud van soevereiniteit een rol. Met het nieuwe familielid IFRS 19 wil de IASB een nieuwe doelgroep aanboren. De dochters onder een IFRS-moeder zonder openbaar belang. Het kan zeker soelaas bieden maar ook hier geldt dat er in deze specifieke situatie geconcurreerd moet worden met andere verlichtingen die aan deze groep dochters wordt geboden. Desalniettemin kan IFRS 19 soelaas bieden voor tussenholdings die niet gebruik maken van de consolidatievrijstelling. Voor deze ondernemingen is het te hopen dat IFRS 19 wordt goedgekeurd door de EU.
„Lebensmittelbranche in erster Linie betroffen“
Authors: Sachs Melanie
Published: September 2024

Welche Auswirkungen wird die Plastiksteuer in Zukunft mit sich bringen? Und, wie sich das richtige Material sowie der Einsatz von Automatisierungslösungen positiv auf die Nachhaltigkeit auswirkt: Jens Mühlenbruch, Vertriebs- und Projektentwickler bei BB-Verpackungen aus Delmenhorst, hat dem packREPORT Antworten geliefert.
„Rom wurde auch nicht an einem Tag erbaut“
Authors: Isensee Till , Miller Liane
Published: September 2024

Diese alte Weisheit trifft auch auf die aktuellen Herausforderungen zu, vor denen große Marken wie PepsiCo, Unilever und Colgate-Palmolive stehen. Seit Monaten kursieren Berichte, dass Unternehmen ihre selbst gesteckten Nachhaltigkeitsziele verfehlen werden. Doch überrascht das wirklich jemanden?
Ressourcenschonende Alternativen
Authors: Albert Christian
Published: September 2024

In Deutschland fällt zu viel Verpackungsmüll an – so viel wie in keinem anderen EU-Land. Im Fokus der öffentlichen Wahrnehmung stehen dabei meist Produkt- und Versandverpackungen, während Transportverpackungen eher ein Schattendasein führen. Zu Unrecht, beläuft sich ihr Anteil doch auf rund ein Drittel der Gesamtmenge.
Schweinepest sorgt für Stress
Authors: Lenders Dirk
Published: September 2024

Die Interessengemeinschaft der Schweinehalter Deutschlands sieht den Umbau der deutschen Schweinefleischproduktion hin zu höheren Haltungsformen gefährdet. Sie beklagt, dass weder Politik noch Lebensmitteleinzelhandel die von der Afrikanischen Schweinepest betroffenen Landwirte ausreichend unterstützen.
Handel droht wegen Entwaldungsfrei-VO mit Auslistungen
Authors: Bender Hanno , Falker Gerrit-Milena
Published: September 2024

Drei Monate vor dem geplanten Start der Entwaldungsfrei-VO fordert Kanzler Olaf Scholz eine Verschiebung. Das Regelwerk sei nicht praktikabel, was sich auch mit Blick auf Zeitungen zeige.
Von der Leyen stellt Team vor
Authors: Bender Hanno
Published: September 2024

In Brüssel soll es künftig einen Kommissar für Landwirtschaft und Lebensmittel geben. Doch der neue Zuschnitt der Zuständigkeiten innerhalb der EU-Kommission lässt noch viele Fragen offen.
Nonfood mit Gefühl
Authors: Rosbach Britta
Published: September 2024

Gemütlichkeit statt Harddiscount: Im preisaggressiven Nonfoodgeschäft macht Søstrene Grene vieles anders als Action und Co. Stetig eröffnet der dänische Händler neue Filialen. Sein Erlebniskonzept funktioniert mit Ästhetik zu Niedrigpreisen, Eigenmarken und Storytelling. Britta Rosbach
„Manchmal tut es weh“
Authors: Klug Denise
Published: September 2024

CDIO Robert Zores hat bei Rewe Digital die technologischen Innovationen im Blick. Mit der LZ spricht er über den „Shit of yesterday“ in der Handelsbranche und Chancen für die Zukunft.
Für viele ist Nachhaltigkeit schon selbstverständlich
Authors: Wenzel Horst
Published: September 2024

Gemäß einer neuen Umfrage der Unternehmensberatung Simon-Kucher wollen immer weniger Verbraucher für nachhaltige Verpackungen höhere Produktpreise akzeptieren. Für einen zunehmenden Anteil sei Nachhaltigkeit bereits Voraussetzung für einen Kaufentscheid, so die Studienmacher.
Sortierung mit Wasserzeichen erreicht erste industrielle Reifestufe
Authors: Wenzel Horst
Published: September 2024

Die Holy Grail 2.0-Initiative meldet bedeutende Fortschritte bei dem Projekt, entleerte Kunststoffverpackungen technisch machbar und wirtschaftlich tragfähig für hochwertiges Recycling zu sortieren.
Der Natur, Shoppern und dem Erlös zum Wohl
Authors: Lattmann Christian
Published: September 2024

Neben klassischen Funktionen müssen Verpackungen längst die Anforderungen Umweltfreundlichkeit und Ressourcenschonung erfüllen. Die jüngste LZ-Rasterfahndung entlang der Handelsregale wirft daher Schlaglichter speziell auf Packaging-Lösungen, die am POS das Thema Nachhaltigkeit spielen.
Drei Tage Netzwerken pur
Authors: Wenzel Horst
Published: September 2024

Nach der Pause im Interpack-Jahr 2023 strömen Entscheider der Verpackungsindustrie und ihrer Abnehmer aus der FMCG-Industrie und dem Handel zum fränkischen Gipfeltreffen Fachpack in der Frankenmetropole Nürnberg.
Cornelius startet After Work Events
Authors: Heimig Dieter
Published: September 2024

Pfälzer Leberwurst ist der Sortimentskern der Cornelius GmbH. Das Unternehmen punktet aber auch mit anderen regionalen Spezialitäten.
Huober wirbt mit Offenheit
Authors: Heimig Dieter
Published: September 2024

Nachhaltige Lieferketten sind für Huober längst eine Selbstverständlichkeit. Nun will der Bio-Vorreiter dies auf seinen Verpackungen deutlich kommunizieren.
As formas simbólicas das cidades: Breve análise internacional da literatura sobre monumentos em espaços públicos
Authors: Lima Wesley
Published: September 2024

Nos estudos sobre o urbano e desenvolvimento regional, a cidade é considerada um espaço engendrado e moldado por expressões políticas. Neste aspecto, o presente artigo busca identificar quais significados e sentidos os monumentos fixados nos espaços públicos das cidades emitem. Com isso, a partir do levantamento bibliográfico sobre o tema e da revisão narrativa da literatura internacional, verificou-se que essas formas simbólicas espaciais nos espaços públicos agem principalmente como atos iconográficos que portam mensagens ideológicas e de cunho político. Dessa forma, esses monumentos consagram personagens e narrativas que perpassam o tempo presente, a partir da construção de memórias.
Trabalho de campo no território Caiçara: Uma questão de tempos
Authors: Silva Vivian Cordeiro da , Marques Manuelle Lago , Silva Lucas Rangel Eduardo , Paula Eduardo Vedor de
Published: September 2024

O trabalho em campo é um dos principais recursos metodológicos da Ciência Geográfica. O projeto Território Caiçara é responsável pelo diagnóstico social e cartográfico de 18 comunidades tradicionais de pescadores artesanais e Caiçara localizadas na região do Parque Nacional do Superagui, no litoral norte do estado do Paraná, no município de Guaraqueçaba. Os territórios destas comunidades estão inseridos em áreas estuarinas e insulares, cujo acesso é unicamente via marítima. Para além dos desafios logísticos, a pesquisa junto aos sujeitos objetos de estudo revelaram a complexidade da prática de campo junto às comunidades tradicionais, já que as variáveis de planejamento estão atreladas a diferentes temporalidades. A interseção entre o tempo das comunidades, o tempo da natureza e o tempo das instituições desafia o planejamento de campo, e é necessário assumir que há uma certa imprevisibilidade no trabalho junto a comunidades tradicionais.
Proposta de trabalho de campo utilizando Abordagem Integrada da Paisagem no Quadrilátero Ferrífero: Roteiro Catas Altas, Ouro Preto e Mariana
Authors: Farias Heitor Soares
Published: September 2024

Anualmente, desde 2016, após o desastre ambiental ocorrido em Mariana-MG, em novembro de 2015, tem sido realizado trabalho de campo integrado com diferentes disciplinas do curso de graduação em Geografia da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), campus Seropédica. O objetivo das atividades é, além de poder ver na realidade tudo aquilo que foi ensinado em sala de aula, observar as mudanças na paisagem provocadas pela atividade de exploração mineral e, complementarmente, ouvir da população suas experiências e sentimentos a partir de sua realidade. Neste ano o campo foi realizado nos municípios de Catas Altas, Mariana e Ouro Preto, e como resultado observa-se que tanto a população quanto os municípios têm uma forte dependência financeira da atividade mineradora, seja pela oferta de emprego e renda, seja pela aplicação de medidas compensatórias, o que prende a população em seu território e os fazem acreditar que têm uma boa qualidade de vida proporcionada pelas empresas de mineração.
Do Campo à Pesquisa: Desafios e Avanços na Geografia Contemporânea
Authors: De Sousa Gustavo Mota , Farias Heitor Soares de
Published: September 2024

EDITORIAL: Do Campo à Pesquisa: Desafios e Avanços na Geografia Contemporânea
Estados Unidos y la democratización de Centroamérica
Authors: ECA: Estudios Centroamericanos
Published: September 2024

No abstract available.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 41, No. 450, 1986: 255-274.
La familia en la sociedad salvadoreña
Authors: Montes Segundo
Published: September 2024

No abstract available.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 41, No. 450, 1986: 305-319.
Marzo-abril
Authors: Cruz Alfaro Ernesto
Published: September 2024

No abstract available.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 41, No. 450, 1986: 342-353.
Febrero de 1986
Authors: ECA: Estudios Centroamericanos
Published: September 2024

No abstract available.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 41, No. 450, 1986: 354-357.
Los límites y posibilidades que enfrenta la participación política en el campo salvadoreño
Authors: Segundo Montes
Published: September 2024

No abstract available.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 42, No. 463-464, 1987: 305-321.
Mayo-junio
Authors: ECA: Estudios Centroamericanos
Published: September 2024

No abstract available.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 42, No. 463-464, 1987: 357-367.
Performance Test of Search Coil Sensors with Different Core
Types
Authors: Kang Hyeonji , Jin Ho , Jang Yunho , Lee Seungmin , Park Hyeonhu , Kim Juhyeong , Jo Wooin
Published: September 2024

A search coil magnetometer (SCM) is a common equipment to observe energy
transmission and vibrations in space physics, enabling measurements across a
wide frequency range of up to tens of kilohertz. This study proposes the designs
of a magnetic core that allows a low-mass sensor and improves its performance: a
rod core, sheet-stacked core, and rolling-sheet core. Subsequently, the
performance of each sensor was investigated. The sheet-stacked core using the
cobalt-based alloy exhibited the highest sensitivity, although it exhibited
instability beyond 20 kHz. In contrast, the rod and rolling-sheet core sensors
demonstrated stability in the magnetic field measurements (10 Hz–40 kHz).
Moreover, the noise equivalent magnetic induction (NEMI) of the rod- and
rolling-sheet core sensors were 0.014 pT Hz–1/2 and 0.012 pT
Hz–1/2 at 1 kHz, respectively. The rolling-sheet core with
high relative permeability achieved a mass reduction of over three times that of
the rod core while exhibiting sufficient sensitivity.
Classification of Gravitational Waves from Black Hole-Neutron Star
Mergers with Machine Learning
Authors: Ussipov Nurzhan , Zhanabaev Zeinulla , Akhmetali Almat , Zaidyn Marat , Turlykozhayeva Dana , Akniyazova Aigerim , Namazbayev Timur
Published: September 2024

This study developed a machine learning-based methodology to classify
gravitational wave (GW) signals from black hole-neutron star (BH-NS) mergers by
combining convolutional neural network (CNN) with conditional information for
feature extraction. The model was trained and validated on a dataset of
simulated GW signals injected to Gaussian noise to mimic real world signals. We
considered all three types of merger: binary black hole (BBH), binary neutron
star (BNS) and neutron star-black hole (NSBH). We achieved up to 96% correct
classification of GW signals sources. Incorporating our novel conditional
information approach improved classification accuracy by 10% compared to
standard time series training. Additionally, to show the effectiveness of our
method, we tested the model with real GW data from the Gravitational Wave
Transient Catalog (GWTC-3) and successfully classified ~90% of signals. These
results are an important step towards low-latency real-time GW detection.
Regulation of food supplements in Algeria: Current situation, issues, and perspectives
Authors: Bouzid Mahdia , Charchari Ryene , Chamieh Raghda , Cherdouda Nadjet , Ghanassi Fatma Zohra
Published: September 2024

Background: The Algerian food supplements market has witnessed substantial growth, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. To safeguard consumer health, a robust regulatory framework for these products is imperative. Aims: This article thoroughly examines the existing regulatory framework for food supplements in Algeria, identifying shortcomings and potential areas for improvement. Methods: Regulatory texts published in the Algerian Official Journal were collected and analyzed. These texts were then compared with regulations from the USA, Australia, Canada, the European Union, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Key regulatory aspects, including approval processes, manufacturing standards, adverse event reporting, labeling requirements, and evidentiary standards for claims, were scrutinized. Results: In Algeria, food supplements are classified as food products, mandating adherence to Good Hygiene Practices and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) guidelines. While labeling must avoid misleading claims, prior authorization for production and marketing is not required. Instead, compliance is ensured through batch analyses and market inspections conducted by the Ministry of Trade. A rapid alert system is in place to monitor supplements posing health risks. Conclusion: A comparison of the Algerian regulatory framework for food supplements with international standards reveals the need for significant improvement to enhance consumer protection. A revised version of this framework, initiated by an interministerial committee but yet to be published in the official journal, is expected to address and rectify these deficiencies.
ACIDENTES E COMPLICAÇÕES COM IRRIGANTE DE HIPOCLORITO DE SÓDIO NO TRATAMENTO ENDODÔNTICO – UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Moura Angela Luzia Moraes Silva de , Farias Hosana Rodrigues Brito , Lima Luciana Reinaldo , Linhares Helton Diego Dantas , Melo Marcilio Oliveira
Published: September 2024

O hipoclorito de sódio é o irrigante endodôntico mais utilizada como solução antimicrobiana para auxiliar no preparo biomecânico dos canais radiculares. No entanto, o extravasamento dessa substância na região periapical ou na cavidade bucal pode causar acidentes e complicações ao paciente. Revisar na literatura acidentes e complicações associados ao uso de hipoclorito de sódio como solução irrigante endodôntica.: Trata-se de revisão integrativa de literatura, com artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos, nos idiomas língua portuguesa, língua espanhola e língua inglesa. A pesquisa para revisão desenvolveu-se no período de março 2024 a agosto de 2024, sendo realizada buscas nas seguintes bases de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e National Institutes of Health (PubMed) utilizando os seguintes Descritores em Ciência da Saúde (DeCS): Acidente; Endodontia; hipoclorito de sódio, realizando combinações com os termos com o uso do operador booleano “AND”, e suas respectivas traduções devidamente padronizadas no Medical Subject Headings (MESH): Accident; Endodontics; Sodium hypochlorite. Foram utilizados critérios de inclusão: casos clínicos e como exclusão: monografia e revisão de literatura para seleção dos artigos. Foram localizados 71 artigos. Destes, após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram excluídos 35 artigos por não atenderem aos critérios. Foram selecionados 27 artigos para leitura na íntegra, com amostra final de 9 artigos. A utilização do Hipoclorito de Sódio é uma prática comum e eficaz na endodontia, mas requer um manejo cuidadoso para evitar complicações. A segurança do procedimento depende não apenas da escolha da concentração e da técnica adequada, mas também da capacidade do profissional em reconhecer e tratar efeitos adversos rapidamente como dor intensa, necrose e sensação de queimação. O hipoclorito de sódio é um irrigante endodôntico eficaz, mas seu uso inadequado pode causar complicações sérias, como queimaduras, danos neurológicos e ulcerações. Cabe ao profissional saber identificar o problema e tomar medidas rápidas a fim de causar menos danos ao paciente. Porém, tomar medidas preventivas é o mais indicado para que não ocorram acidentes e complicações na prática endodôntica.
Insatisfacción de la demanda energética por falta de métodos de generación eficientes.
Authors: Morales García Erwin Alberto , Álvarez Chávez José Christian
Published: September 2024

En este análisis, se pretende abordar la problemática del abasto eléctrico, este tema se aborda desde la perspectiva del diseño de una política pública empleando el sistema de Eugene Bardach. Por medio de información y documentos de la Comisión Federal de Electricidad se observa que México produce la electricidad en su gran mayoría de combustibles fósiles, como México existen diversos países que han avanzado muy poco en la incorporación de alternativas de obtención de energía. Adicionalmente en muchas ocasiones se ignora que estas pueden generar situaciones adversas, algunas fuentes de energía son presentadas como no contaminantes, cuando en realidad todas contaminan de una u otra manera. Se contemplaron tres alternativas de solución, privatización parcial de la energía, parques eólicos y energía nuclear. Por último, se selecciona la mejor alternativa de solución y se menciona una manera para poder aplicarla incluyendo la obtención de recursos.
MICROCIRCULATION (PART2 –«FUNCTIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES» OF MICROCIRCULATION)
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, N. L. Tsapaeva , V. G. Tsapaev ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: September 2024

The article presents modern views on the main functions of microcirculation. In this aspect, two key positions are considered: the main movement of blood through the microcirculatory vessels and the transcapillary exchange of fluid between the vascular and interstitial compartments. The purpose of the main microcirculatory blood flow is, first of all, to provide surrounding cells with oxygen, which is carried out by arteriolar diffusion of oxygen, as well as to remove CO2 and other metabolic products from the intercellular space. A feature of capillary blood flow is described that is caused by fluctuations in speed, which is associated with changes in the deformability of leukocytes and their adhesive properties under the influence of various regulatory factors. An important characteristic of the microcirculation system is noted - the state of microhemorrheology, which depends on the pressure gradient, hematocrit and the ability of red blood cells to deform. The principle of fluid exchange between capillaries and tissue spaces is considered in the form of an updated version of the Starling–Landis equation and pressure distribution in the microcirculatory compartment of various capillary segments. Modern views on oxygen transport carried out by a complex intact cascade are presented. The main regulatory mechanisms in the microcirculation system are described in detail, including three mechanisms for the occurrence of hyperpolarization of endothelial cells and vasodilation.
CO2 emissions of drained coastal peatlands in the Netherlands and potential emission reduction by water infiltration systems
Authors: Aben Ralf C. H. , van de Craats Daniël , Boonman Jim , Peeters Stijn H. , Vriend Bart , Boonman Coline C. F. , van der Velde Ype , Erkens Gilles , van den Berg Merit
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Worldwide, the drainage of peatlands has turned these systems from CO2 sinks into sources. In the Netherlands, where ∼7 % of the land surface consists of peatlands, drained peat soils contribute >90 % and ∼3 % to the country's soil-derived and total CO2 emissions, respectively. Hence, the Dutch National Climate Agreement has set targets to cut these emissions. One potential mitigation measure is the application of subsurface water infiltration systems (WISs) consisting of subsurface pipes connected to ditchwater. WISs aim to raise the water table depth (WTD) in dry periods to limit peat oxidation while maintaining current land-use practices. Here, we used automated transparent chambers in 12 peat pasture plots across the Netherlands to measure CO2 fluxes at high frequency and assess (1) the relationship between WTD and CO2 emissions for Dutch peatlands and (2) the effectiveness of WISs in mitigating emissions. Net ecosystem carbon balances (NECBs) (up to 4 years per site, 2020–2023) averaged 3.77 and 2.66 tCO2-Cha-1yr-1 for control and WIS sites, respectively. The magnitude of NECBs and the slope of the WTD–NECB relationship fall within the range of observations of earlier studies in Europe, though they were notably lower than those based on campaign-wise, closed-chamber measurements. The relationship between annual exposed carbon (C; defined as the total amount of carbon within the soil above the average annual WTD) and NECB explained more variance than the WTD–NECB relationship. The magnitude of the NECB represented 1.0 % of the annual exposed C on average, with a maximum of 2.4 %. We found strong evidence for a reducing effect of WISs on CO2 emissions, reducing emissions by 2.1 (95 % confidence interval 1.2–3.0) tCO2-Cha-1yr-1, and no evidence for an effect of WISs on the WTD–NECB and annual exposed carbon–NECB relationships. This means that relationships between either WTD or exposed carbon and NECB can be used to estimate the emission reduction for a given WIS-induced increase in WTD or exposed carbon. High year-to-year variation in NECBs calls for multi-year measurements and sufficient representative measurement years per site as demonstrated in this study with 35 site-year observations.
Occupancy history influences extinction risk of fossil marine microplankton groups
Authors: Smith Isaiah E. , Kocsis Ádám T. , Kiessling Wolfgang
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Geographic range has long been acknowledged as an important determinant of extinction risk. The trajectory of geographic range through time, however, has not received as much scientific attention. Here, we test the role of change in geographic range – assessed by a measure of proportional occupancy of grid cells – in determining the extinction risk in four major microplankton groups: foraminifera, calcareous nannofossils, radiolarians, and diatoms. Logistic regression was used to assess the importance of standing occupancy, occupancy change, and sampling probability in the extinction risk of species. We find that while standing occupancy is a major determinant of extinction risk in all microplankton groups, change in occupancy accounts for an average of 52 % of the explanatory power of the three analyzed variables, with a maximum value of 92 %. Sampling probability was also found to be consistently informative, with an average of 6 % and a maximum value of 22 %. Our results highlight the importance of incorporating both geographic range and its change through time, as well as sampling probability, into extinction models. The ability of occupancy trajectory to help predict extinction risk underlines the necessity of paleontological data in modern conservation efforts.
Spatiotemporal denudation rates of the Swabian Alb escarpment (Southwest Germany) dominated by base-level lowering and lithology
Authors: Schaller Mirjam , Peifer Daniel , Neely Alexander B. , Bernard Thomas , Glotzbach Christoph , Beer Alexander R. , Ehlers Todd A.
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Surface denudation rates, a composite of physical erosion and chemical weathering, are governed by the tectonic, lithologic, climatic, and biotic conditions of a landscape. Disentangling and quantifying these rates is challenging but important for understanding and predicting landscape evolution over space and time. In this study, we focus on a low-relief and mixed lithology mountain range (Swabian Alb escarpment, Southwest Germany), whose 200 to 400 m high escarpment front and foreland drain into the Neckar River to the north and whose plateau drains into the Danube River to the southeast. These two drainage systems are subjected to similar uplift rates and climate/biota but incorporate different lithologies and have different base-levels and topography. We calculate decadal-scale chemical weathering and physical erosion rates based on 30 locations with suspended and dissolved river load measurements and compare them to published longer-term rates to evaluate how these differences influence landscape evolution. Chemical weathering rates (based on the dissolved river load and corrected for anthropogenic input) range from 0.009 to 0.082 mm/yr, while physical erosion rates (calculated from suspended river load and discharge) range from 0.001 to 0.072 mm/yr. The catchment-wide denudation rates range from 0.005 to 0.137 mm/yr, resulting in chemical depletion fractions between 0.48 and almost 0.99. These high values indicate that chemical weathering is generally the dominant erosion process in this cool to temperate, humid mountain range dominated by chemical sedimentary rocks. Both physical erosion and chemical weathering rates are higher in tributaries draining towards the North/Neckar River than in rivers draining towards the Southeast/Danube River, resulting in southeast escarpment retreat rates of 1.2 to 9.3 mm/yr. Results indicate that the evolution of the Swabian Alb and its escarpment is dominated by base-level lowering and lithology. Decadal-scale denudation rates based on river load may provide insights into the evolution of the escarpment over million-year timescales. The chemical depletion fractions CDFs of the Swabian Alb are compared to other study areas in different tectonic, lithologic, and climatic settings with CDFs ranging from 0.1 to 1.0. We interpret the high CDF values of >0.5 in the Swabian Alb to result from high chemical weathering rates of the recently exposed lithologies, continuously brought to the surface as a product of late-Cenozoic base-level lowering and consequent south to southeast-directed escarpment retreat across southern Germany. Differences in chemical weathering and physical erosion rates across the escarpment divide may arise from either the contrast in topographic relief, or exposure of bedrock units that are more susceptible to chemical weathering and physical erosion.
A daily sunshine duration (SD) dataset in China from Himawari AHI imagery (2016–2023)
Authors: Zhang Zhanhao , Fang Shibo , Han Jiahao
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Monitoring global radiation resources relies on sunshine duration (SD) as a significant indication, but there is a scarcity of research that have examined high-resolution SD data. This study established a daily 5-km SD dataset in China from 2016 to 2023 using Himawari's Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) Level 3 shortwave radiation fitted with the Ångström-Prescott model based on time series. We used ground-measured SD at 2380 Chinese Meteorological Administration (CMA) stations to verify the accuracy of SD dataset. The results of the testing set indicated that the average correlation coefficient (R) between the SD from estimation and the ground-measurement is 0.88. We investigated the effects of wind speed, vapor pressure (VAP), precipitation and aerosol optical depth (AOD) on the estimated performance of SD, and the results showed that temperature had the greatest effect on SD estimation. We also found that both too low AOD and too high wind speed also affected the SD estimation. This high-resolution SD data can provide important support for accurate radiation resource assessment in China. The SD dataset is freely accessible at https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.10276 (Zhang et al., 2024).
A consistent regional dataset of dissolved oxygen in the Western Mediterranean Sea (2004–2023): O2WMED
Authors: Belgacem Malek , Schroeder Katrin , Lauvset Siv K. , Álvarez Marta , Chiggiato Jacopo , Borghini Mireno , Cantoni Carolina , Ciuffardi Tiziana , Sparnocchia Stefania
Published: September 2024

Abstract. A new dataset from oceanographic cruises in the Western Mediterranean Sea (WMED) was compiled to integrate the previously published regional data product about dissolved inorganic nutrients CNR-DIN-WMED about dissolved inorganic nutrients (https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.904172, Belgacem et al., 2019, 2020). The Mediterranean region is experiencing rapid changes, necessitating high-quality and reliable datasets. However, the scarcity of the in-situ observations hinders the understanding of these changes and their impact on biogeochemical cycles. Dissolved oxygen is a vital component of marine ecosystems and plays a fundamental role in governing nutrient and carbon cycles, underscoring the need for accurate and reliable data. To address this, a high resolution, regional-scale data product was developed to understand decadal variability and spatial/temporal patterns of the ventilation process in the WMED. This study presents an extensive collection of unpublished dissolved oxygen data from continuous sensors collected between 2004 and 2023, along with a description of the quality assurance procedures. The quality assurance process involves calibration of CTD measurements against Winkler analyses and the comparison of deep observations with reference datasets, using the crossover analysis. The resulting data product O2WMED can be used as reference for assessing oxygen sensors mounted on biogeochemical Argo (BGC-Argo) floats or Gliders and for regional model validation.
Depth extrapolation of field-scale soil moisture time series derived with cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) using the soil moisture analytical relationship (SMAR) model
Authors: Rasche Daniel , Blume Theresa , Güntner Andreas
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Ground-based soil moisture measurements at the field scale are highly beneficial for different hydrological applications, including the validation of space-borne soil moisture products, landscape water budgeting, or multi-criteria calibration of rainfall–runoff models from field to catchment scale. Cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) allows for the non-invasive monitoring of field-scale soil moisture across several hectares around the instrument but only for the first few tens of centimeters of the soil. Many of these applications require information on soil water dynamics in deeper soil layers. Simple depth-extrapolation approaches often used in remote sensing may be used to estimate soil moisture in deeper layers based on the near-surface soil moisture information. However, most approaches require a site-specific calibration using depth profiles of in situ soil moisture data, which are often not available. The soil moisture analytical relationship (SMAR) is usually also calibrated to sensor data, but due to the physical meaning of each model parameter, it could be applied without calibration if all its parameters were known. However, its water loss parameter in particular is difficult to estimate. In this paper, we introduce and test a simple modification of the SMAR model to estimate the water loss in the second layer based on soil physical parameters and the surface soil moisture time series. We apply the model with and without calibration at a forest site with sandy soils. Comparing the model results with in situ reference measurements down to depths of 450 cm shows that the SMAR models both with and without modification as well as the calibrated exponential filter approach do not capture the observed soil moisture dynamics well. While, on average, the latter performs best over different tested scenarios, the performance of the SMAR models nevertheless meets a previously used benchmark RMSE of ≤ 0.06 cm3 cm−3 in both the calibrated original and uncalibrated modified version. Different transfer functions to derive surface soil moisture from CRNS do not translate into markedly different results of the depth-extrapolated soil moisture time series simulated by SMAR. Despite the fact that the soil moisture dynamics are not well represented at our study site using the depth-extrapolation approaches, our modified SMAR model may provide valuable first estimates of soil moisture in a deeper soil layer derived from surface measurements based on stationary and roving CRNS as well as remote sensing products where in situ data for calibration are not available.
O SOLO URBANO E O MERCADO IMOBILIÁRIO: APONTAMENTOS SOBRE O AJUSTE ESPACIAL E A INTEGRAÇÃO DO ESPAÇO NA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE GOIÂNIA.
Authors: Cabral Gabriel da Costa , Lima Leandro Oliveira de
Published: September 2024

O crescimento populacional da Região Metropolitana de Goiânia (RMG) tem sido acompanhado do crescimento das atividades imobiliárias, que podem ser notadas na paisagem do espaço metropolitano com diferentes campos de obras e informativos comerciais, fazendo com que 5 municípios da RMG estejam entre os 30 municípios brasileiros com maior incremento percentual de domicílios em 2022. Esse texto versa sobre como a RMG se tornou um dos principais símbolos do ajuste espacial metropolitano do Brasil, promovido pela articulação dos atores imobiliários como meio de absorver e valorizar capitais excedentes. Este assunto é o tema desta pesquisa, cujo objetivo é analisar as relações entre o uso do solo urbano e a atuação do mercado imobiliário em associação com o Estado na produção e apropriação do espaço metropolitano de Goiânia. Os procedimentos metodológicos consistiram em revisão bibliográfica sobre a temática, análise documental e levantamento de dados de fontes primárias e secundárias. As análises indicaram que desde a construção de Goiânia, a integração econômica entre os atores imobiliários e os excedentes de capital induziu a uma integração espacial de forma espraiada e hierárquica, com a conversão dos estoques de terras rurais em solo urbano em toda extensão da metrópole goiana.
Assessment of Liver Disorders Causing Factors among Rural Communities in Greater Noida Villages
Authors: Enan Targai Suzoang n , Tiwari Salviya , Panday Priyanshi
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to look into the prevalence of liver illness in Greater Noida, India's rural district, with an emphasis on the effects of lifestyle choices and ground-water contamination. A survey was carried out with 30-40 families in order to collect information on sources of drinking water, health issues, and behaviour. The findings showed that contaminated groundwater from a neighbouring factory is connected to dangerously high incidence of liver illnesses, such as hepatitis, jaundice, fatty liver and different form of cancer. In addition, the issue is exacerbated by harmful habits like smoking, drinking alcohol, and chewing tobacco. It draws attention to the pressing need for public health initiatives to deal with these problems, encouraging healthy living, and increase accessibility to clean water. This study provides a comprehensive case study while examining the relationship between lifestyle factors and waterborne liver disorders in the rural village of Greater Noida.

Key words: Liver disease, Hepatitis, Ground-water Contamination, Cancer
Genetic Variations of SARS-COV-2: Distribution of Variants and Mutations in the N Gene
Authors: Fahma Siskalil , Ali Hirowati , Putra Andani Eka
Published: September 2024

The SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) gene is the most frequently mutated gene after the spike gene. This research aims to analyze the distribution of SARS-CoV-2 and nucleotide variations of the N gene in the SARS-CoV-2 variant found in West Sumatra.
We analyzed 268 genome sequences of SARS-COV-2 at the start of the pandemic from April 2020 to March 2022 and compared them with NC45512. The range consists of three waves: the first, second, and third waves, all of which are dominated by the B.1.466.2 lineage.
Distribution lineage found 20 lineages, with the majority being B.1.466.2 (31.72%), a local variant. The delta variant is 19.20% divided into two lineages, AY.23 and AY24, and the Omicron variant is 14.18%. In this study, we found unique mutations in the N gene where the B.1.466.2 variant can be seen with the T205I amino acid change and Delta with the D64G, R203M, and G215C amino acid changes; omicron variant with amino acid changes P13L, DEL 31/33, R203K, and G204R.
Conclusion: We conclude that there are nucleotide variations in the West Sumatra SARS-CoV-2 N gene.

Keywords: SARS CoV-2, nucleocapsid gene, mutation variant B.1.466.2, delta, omicron
Fish or cut Bait: Demystifying the timelines under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code
Authors: Tewari Sanchita
Published: September 2024

The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) of 2016 has revolutionized India’s insolvency landscape by introducing well-defined timelines crucial for expeditious resolution of distressed entities. The study elucidates the significance of these timelines within the IBC framework. Upon initiation of the Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process (CIRP), the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) must admit or reject it within fourteen days, averting delays. Within seven days of admission, a Resolution Professional (RP) takes control, ensuring a swift transition. The one-hundred-and-eighty-day timeline shields the debtor from litigation while a resolution plan is devised and approved by the Committee of Creditors (CoC). However, the adherence to the timelines outlined under Section 12 of the Code appears to be lacking or inconsistent considering the recent judgments in the said regard. The current study aims to explore the timeline effectiveness, evolution, and judicial interpretation in insolvency resolution. By utilizing secondary sources, this research delves into the evolution and consequences of IBC’s timelines within insolvency cases. This study further examines how IBC’s strict timelines expedite Indian resolutions, explores amendment effects, anticipates adjustments for emerging challenges, and analyzes court interpretations for coherence.

Keywords: Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, Timelines, Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process, National Company Law Tribunal, Resolution Professional
The Psychological Challenges of Adolescent and Young Adult Social Media Overuse: Addiction of the 21st Century
Authors: Nabiyeva Ilaha Sulduz
Published: September 2024

Along with the development of technologies, human beings live in the widest possible opportunities in terms of information exchange. This process is developing day by day. Communication between people is happening very fast nowadays. People are constantly exchanging information with each other. Social media has an invaluable role in making this exchange so fast. They share through their personal accounts and provide this exchange of information by forming personal communications. Social media accounts act as a personal virtual identity of people nowadays. People meet new people using information displayed in their profiles. The extent to which the information on social network reflects the truth is also related to the honesty of the profile owner.
Currently, young people and teenagers, which the world calls "Generation Z", use social media more. Through this, they satisfy their social and self-actualization needs. From this point of view, they have the most influence of social media. If we look back to the 80s and 90s of the last century without going too far, we will see that people belonging to the same age group met these needs by communicating live in real life. But now that is not the case. If families used to find it difficult to invite their children who were playing outside to eat in the evening, now it is difficult to invite them to the table because of the computer and telephone in their room. Teenagers, who were criticized for "not coming home from the outdoor" before, now do not "go out of the house" (İdris M.,2017).
Even this simple example is an indicator of the great change of our time. Social media tools work with certain algorithms that are programmed to find our interests. As the younger generation of users looks at the posts, a base is formed related to their interests, and the next flow of information is adjusted accordingly. This leads to the fact that young people and adolescents who are inclined to comfort and entertainment, and whose has not yet been fully formed, spend more time here. All this increases their attachment to the virtual space while weakening their real interpersonal relationships. Because here young people are not judged and are accepted as they are.

Keywords: personality, technology, virtual space, social media, needs, social media addiction
Design Get up System Surface Height Setting Fluid Use Control Adaptive Type Self Tuning Regulator
Authors: . Iksal , Rojak Ishak Abdul , Al Hamdani Dede Mukhsin
Published: September 2024

A system is adaptive in a way general means is capable of system changes in an environment that doesn't predict, which arises in the system or outside the system. In planning use control, aside have to adapt to changing environments, too capable adapting error or uncertainty design techniques that are not always thorough, and capable of compensating for error components to be more system stable, so the reliability system will increase. Generally, system dynamic (active and moving) has no parameters of course it's a constant or parameter not of course that has changed over time. For arranging system dynamics more appropriate If used control adaptive. At the moment Already Enough Lots type system arrangement adaptive is or chosen by existing plants. Every type of arrangement adaptive has a method certain in the finish problem settings used. A type of arrangement adaptive Possible will by certain plants that are regulated, but not necessarily will in accordance for arrange other plants. For That need exists suitability between type arrangement adaptive used with regulated plants. In research this is designed system arrangement of tall surface liquid with interaction use arrangement adaptive type Self Tuning Regulator (STR). Research result This shows that convergency estimation of control parameters with the use method square smallest recursive (recursive least square) occurs in the 2nd sampling period ten and so on (bigger or the same with ten) and happens oscillations on each beginning sampling (T<10 Seconds). This shows that parameter estimates yet produce previous parameter values. From the results curve transient (Figure 3 to 6) be seen that the output of the adaptive system is very close to the desired system output. A real difference seen at the start caused iteration Because the estimation of system parameters not yet get close results with actual system parameters. However, after iteration certain systems adaptive This can produce output that is very close to the desired system output.

Keywords: Control Adaptive, Self-Tuning Regulator, Plant, Parameters
The Miraculous Madonna of Pistoia in a Devotional Replica of 1490–1500 Attributed to Niccolò di Mariano
Authors: Brüggen Israëls Machtelt , Sara de Vivo Giulia
Published: September 2024

In this article, it is suggested that a small panel of the Madonna of Humility in the collection of the Rijksmuseum, executed with fifteenth-century woodworking and painting techniques and materials, is a devotional copy of the fresco of the Virgin of Humility in Pistoia that became miraculously active in 1490. Historical, stylistic, and archival evidence suggests the panel is possibly a work by Niccolò di Mariano (act. 1478; d. 1500), perhaps made as a devotional replica not long after the miraculous event.