bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Achieving a return on investment from airport technology projects
Authors: Mccartney Alan
Published: July 2024

Following a series of global events completely outside of its control, the aviation industry has started to look once again to the future. The focus can now turn from crisis management towards investing in the future of the infrastructure, the technology and the way that services are delivered to passengers and stakeholders. Recovery must, however, be achieved within the constraints of industry best practice in sustainability, new technologies and, of course, available financial resources. Never before has the importance of achieving a demonstrable return on investment (ROI) been placed on every airport development project, irrespective of scale. This paper provides an overview of how ROI can be built into airport projects, how it can be achieved and how it can be measured. The paper also highlights the importance of ROI as a corporate strategy that is reflected through every aspect of airport development and operation.
The state of innovation in the supply chain
Authors: Montgomery Kristi
Published: July 2024

In 2017, Kenco’s State of 3PL Innovation Survey found that despite hype around emerging technologies such as drones and driverless cars, the vast majority of supply chain leaders want to adopt technologies that are proven, reliable and will have a positive impact on their bottom line. They want innovation for today. This paper discusses Kenco’s revisiting of this topic in order to see if supply chain leaders have changed their tune, or if the technologies they define as ‘proven and reliable’ have shifted. The answer? Yes — slightly, heralding an upcoming change in technology adoption rates.
Request to pay: The missing piece of the puzzle
Authors: Roeck Francis De
Published: July 2024

This paper describes and compares the new European Payments Council SEPA Request-To-Pay (EPC SRTP) scheme with the open banking-based payment initiation. The SRTP solution is not a new payment instrument but a full four-corner ‘authorisation messaging’ concept that still needs to be launched, whereas the open banking payment initiation by third parties is already possible, albeit still with a slow uptake on the continent. SRTP has powerful advantages on customer experience, but needs reach. Open banking payment initiation can already operate today on any bank, but the model has not been proven yet. Both solutions can challenge each other.
Modelling sovereign default risk: comparing models and capturing the impact of the business cycle
Authors: N'Sougan Yao Djifa , Soumaré Issouf
Published: July 2024

This paper compares two sovereign default risk models: the contingent claims analysis method and the ordered probit econometric approach. The default indicators obtained from the two models are correlated with sovereign credit default swap spreads and indicate that sovereign default risk is higher during economic recessions than during expansions.
Snapchat: Higher education’s new key to current and prospective student engagement
Authors: Dobies Tony , Nelson Candace
Published: July 2024

Snapchat is the fastest growing social media platform and attracts a young, high school- and collegeaged audience — one crucial to higher education. While some institutions in higher education have struggled with implementing a Snapchat strategy due to its controversial reputation, difficult user interface and ever-evolving content, this mobile platform provides a great opportunity to captivate a difficult-to-reach audience. This paper details how higher education can approach Snapchat using West Virginia University’s strategy to engage with prospective and current students.
The hunt for value for post-trade services
Authors: Brendon Bambury
Published: July 2024

The securities services industry is on the cusp of immense change in the next five to 10 years, as innovation in technology brings opportunities and challenges, as the onward march of regulatory requirements continues and while the sector seeks to deliver value in its client experience and service provision. This paper analyses how technological change is the driver to deliver efficiency improvements, increase cost/income ratios, improve client experience and ‘future proof’ post-trade processing to allow new asset classes and greater flexibility in service models.
Best practices in Internet of Things implementations at small commercial service airports
Authors: Stephens Cathryn
Published: July 2024

The internet of things (IoT) is transforming the passenger experience and operational efficiencies at commercial service airports. Strategies and tactics employed to implement IoT infrastructure have direct impacts on successful decision-making processes and risk mitigation, especially at small hub airports. This paper identifies best practices in IoT in the aviation industry over the past five years. Airport executives and information technology (IT) managers can benefit from this work to create business value within their organisation.
Why open data and compliance will drive open banking and the role AI will play
Authors: Desai Abhinav
Published: July 2024

This paper discusses the latest approaches in intelligent payments, data enrichment and compliance that would drive open banking into a viable platform for consumers and businesses alike — for making payments instantly, making credit decisions with less risk and at greater speed and hyper-personalising customers to offer uniquely targeted solutions. The paper further lays out the premise that open banking is a stepping stone to open finance — an extension of open banking, which allows consumers to share their financial data to include a wider range of financial products and services, such as investments, insurance and pensions. This means that consumers will have more control over their financial data and be able to use it to access better products and services from a wider range of providers. This is then a dynamic ever-evolving place that will constantly innovate. Open banking will bring out exciting new use cases that challenge the norm and bring to life new ways of doing things cheaper, faster and safer.
Femvertising: State of the art
Authors: Hsu Chung-Kue (Jennifer)
Published: July 2024

This paper aims to enhance consumer brand managers‘ understanding of the growing practice of femvertising, discussing factors that have contributed to its rise, how it differs from traditional portrayals of women and girls in advertising, potential benefits and criticisms of this advertising approach, and a list of ten themes that brands have recently used in femvertising. To femvertise effectively, marketers are recommended to build pro-female messages on their brand purpose and research insight, depict realistic images and lifestyles of women and girls, transcend gender divisions in representing females’ expanding roles and aspirations, and be authentic in practising what they preach in femvertising.
The business case for better analytics: A retrospective and the future of theory and practice of marketing science
Authors: Alcaraz Rafael
Published: July 2024

Much of the traditional marketing science practice prior to (and perhaps even throughout) the twentieth-century remained hidebound by lack of information and rules-of-thumb. Perhaps this was because of the lack of technology enabling the diffusion and sharing of information across geographies, people, and disciplines. This has been the case across general market (GM) and culturally specific (CS) research. Technological advancements and increased computational power have enabled broader sharing of information. Some of these changes should have already taken place, yet there is no empirical evidence that the expected changes in marketing science applications have taken place. This would require organisations to remain open minded and risk averse, or at least risk neutral, as many of the rewards of advanced analytics may not be obvious in the short term, especially as investments to finance the creation of such capabilities must be made upfront; this is a chicken-and-egg problem. This paper identifies three syndromes as the culprits of delayed progress in marketing science: syndication, academic, and practitioner. Most of the shortcomings have been the self-imposed simplicity of the marketplace (especially in CPG) by addressing only the demand side only, often overlooking the supply chain side.
How to accelerate customer-driven innovation in banking
Authors: Sigurdardottir Sigga
Published: July 2024

Customer-driven innovation in banking is critical to creating a sustained competitive advantage in an industry that is faced with digital disruption. Banks should build innovation leadership as a core competency through focusing on developing a culture of innovation, attracting and retaining the right talent and putting in place an innovation capability that enables customer focus, collaboration and speed. Partnering with FinTechs and start-ups can help accelerate innovation and create the right innovation culture but it is important to have a system in place that supports FinTech partnerships at scale. This paper focuses on how to create a continuous innovation capability in a large organisation and highlights some of the essential dos and don’ts.
Cash preference in India: Empirical methods and findings
Authors: Maiti Sasanka Sekhar , Hemachandra Nandalaya , Sharma Anil Kumar
Published: July 2024

This paper proposes an indicator that provides a proxy measure of cash preference in India, based on credit and debit card transactions undertaken at automated teller machines and point-of-sale terminals. This indicator demonstrates that the customers of public and private sector banks show a preference for cash transactions over non-cash transactions, while the customers of foreign banks prefer non-cash transactions over cash transactions. The estimated cash preference ratio shows a declining trend over time, in line with the Reserve Bank of India’s progress towards a less cash-dependent economy. The empirical results reveal a sharp decline in cash preference during the period of demonetisation; however, cash preference marginally increased during the post-demonetisation period. The study also finds that customers of public sector banks have the highest cash preference, followed by the customers of private sector banks. The authors propose the introduction of an oversight mechanism to identify the root causes of high cash preference, and the provision of remedial measures, such as investment in the infrastructure to support non-cash transactions and educating customers about the benefits of a cashless economy.
Can central bank digital currencies help advance financial inclusion?
Authors: Boakye-Adjei Nana Yaa , Auer Raphael , Banka Holti , Faragallah Ahmed , Frost Jon , Natarajan Harish , Prenio Jermy
Published: July 2024

Central banks around the world are considering how retail central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) may help to advance financial inclusion. While CBDCs are not a magic bullet, they could be a further tool to promote universal access to payments and other financial services if this goal features prominently in the design from the get-go. In particular, central banks can consider design options to: (1) promote innovation in the two-tiered financial system (eg allowing for non-bank payment service providers); (2) offer a robust and low-cost public sector technological basis (with novel interfaces and offline payments); (3) facilitate enrolment (via simplified due diligence and electronic know-your-customer processes) and data portability; and (4) foster interoperability (both domestically and across borders). Together, these features can address a range of specific barriers to financial inclusion: geographic remoteness, institutional and regulatory factors, economic and market structure issues, characteristics of vulnerability, lack of financial literacy and low trust in existing financial institutions. This paper draws on interviews with nine central banks with advanced work on CBDCs and financial inclusion — the Central Bank of the Bahamas, Bank of Canada, People’s Bank of China, Eastern Caribbean Central Bank, Bank of Ghana, Central Bank of Malaysia, Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, National Bank of Ukraine and Central Bank of Uruguay. It gives concrete examples from the central banks’ work and discusses challenges, risks and regulatory and legal implications. It argues that while CBDCs hold promise for furthering financial inclusion, CBDC issuance may also require new laws and regulations to be enacted, or existing laws to be revised.
An analysis of the determinants of S&P ratings assigned to Canadian firms: Application of a multinomial logit
Authors: Amdouni Walid , Soumaré Issouf
Published: July 2024

This study identifies the factors affecting the ratings assigned to Canadian firms by the rating agency Standard and Poor's, and proposes a multinomial logit model to predict ratings. The authors first propose a two-class model that classifies ratings as either investment or speculative grade. They then extend this model to account for all the rating levels used by the rating agency. The out-of-sample forecasts respectively lead to concordance rates of 86 per cent and 60 per cent in the two-class and extended models. The credit rating models thus capture to some extent the main determinants affecting the ratings changes.
The fundamentals of financial product distribution oversight: Towards the age of maturity?
Authors: Vacic Sinisa , Lyons Marie , Pipoz Yvan
Published: July 2024

In recent years, regulators have placed increased expectations on financial product manufacturers to better understand and control their distribution network. The focus is to ensure financial products are sold in compliance with anti-money laundering (AML) and counter-terrorist financing (CTF) regulations, and in a manner that is suitable to and in the end client’s best interest. This requires financial product manufacturers to perform thorough distributor due diligence (KYD) over the intermediaries distributing their products. As a result, the former have had to implement and continuously adapt their distribution oversight function, as both the regulations and the expected outcomes thereof have become clearer, and the scope continues to evolve. With distribution networks becoming increasingly intermediated, the due diligence programme needs to be robust and, to really be successful in its mission, combined with efforts to build and maintain strong partnerships with distributors. In an environment where the financial industry is coming under increased pressure on its revenues, as well as costs to the end client, financial product manufacturers and distributors share a common need to rationalise this process. New emerging technologies and innovative approaches offer opportunities to create such a robust and efficient due diligence process. This paper focuses on describing the main regulations at play, highlighting the key challenges specifically for Luxembourg domiciled investment fund asset managers and the cross-border distribution of their products.
Challenges in district management in Japanese city centres: Establishing independent business models using local resources
Authors: Yasui Miki , Kinoshita Hitoshi
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this paper is to analyse how the concept of district management has been developed in Japan and to identify its characteristics and issues, after illustrating the change in economic circumstances and policies regarding city centres since the 1940s. In Japan, the government has dealt with urban decay, first by large-scale commercial facility regulation, then by nurturing district management organisations responsible for developing and implementing revitalisation plans. A problem is that many of these organisations have depended on subsidy, thus it has been difficult to realise prolonged implementation. Under these circumstances, private district management organisations began to form, supported by the membership of property and business owners. Some of them soon developed independent businesses using local resources such as facility management, vacant buildings or public spaces in order to generate financial resources for district management. Although the largest challenge still exists — the issue of securing equal and stable funding based on compulsory tax or assessment, as in Business Improvement Districts — district management projects focusing on independent businesses using local resources are considered a realistic and non-responsibility-postponing approach with the aim of creating business plans with a good balance of income and expense.
Smart close-out netting
Authors: Datoo Akber , Clack Christopher D.
Published: July 2024

Smart close-out netting aims to standardise and automate specific operational aspects of the legal and regulatory processes of close-out netting for prudentially regulated financial institutions. This paper provides a review, analysis and perspective of these operational processes, their benefits for prudentially regulated trading institutions, their current inefficiencies, and the extent to which they are amenable to standardisation and automation. The main concepts of smart closeout netting are introduced, including the use of a controlled natural language in legal opinions and the use of a data-driven framework during netting determination.
Ebola 2014: Setting up a port health screening programme at an international train station
Authors: Cleary Vivien , Wynne-Evans Edward , Freed James , Fleet Katie , Thorn Simone , Turbitt Deborah
Published: July 2024

An outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) began in Guinea in December 2013 and was declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organization in August 2014. In October, the UK government tasked Public Health England (PHE) to set up EVD screening at key ports. The key aim of port-of-entry screening was to identify passengers coming from areas with high risk of EVD, and give them advice to raise their awareness of symptoms and what actions to take. Direct flights from Sierra Leone, Guinea or Liberia had all been cancelled, so intelligence on passenger numbers and routes was used to identify the most commonly used routes from the affected countries into the UK. One of these was St Pancras International train station. Screening had never previously been implemented at a UK train station so had to be set up from scratch. Key to the success of this was excellent multi-agency working between PHE, the UK Border Force, Eurostar, Network Rail and the Cabinet Office. This paper gives an overview of the activation of EVD screening at St Pancras International and the subsequent decommissioning.
Mitigating risk in a changing landscape
Authors: Kelly Peter W.
Published: July 2024

In 2003 the Mortgage Backed Securities Clearing Corporation (MBSCC) and the Government Securities Clearing Corporation (GSCC) merged into the Fixed Income Clearing Corporation (FICC) under the Depository Trust Clearing Corporation (DTCC) umbrella. FICC continually searches for cost-effective ways to provide increased liquidity, risk management and other dynamic processes that help firms operate more efficiently as well as expand the population of firms that can take advantage of these benefits. This paper will outline the motivations, customer needs, regu­latory interests and market dynamics behind these initiatives, the benefits they will bring to the industry and the progress we have made so far. In addition, the author will address some of the challenges that currently face the industry and how FICC, along with its members and partners, is fashioning solutions for those as well.
The role of information about opponent’s actions and intrusion-detection alerts on cyber decisions in cyber security games
Authors: Aggarwal Palvi , Dutt Varun
Published: July 2024

Cyberspace is becoming increasingly prone to cyberattacks. Cyberattack and cyber-defend decisions may be influenced by the information about actions of adversaries and defenders available to opponents (interdependence information) as well as by alerts from intrusion detection systems (IDSs), which offer recommendations to defenders against cyberattacks. Little is currently known, however, on how interdependence information and IDS alerts would influence the attack-and-defend decisions in cyber security. This paper discusses a laboratory experiment involving participants (N = 140) performing as would-be adversaries (attackers) and defenders (analysts). Participants were randomly assigned to four between-subjects conditions in a cyber security game, where the conditions varied in interdependence information (full-information or no-information) and IDS alerts (present or absent). Results revealed that the proportion of defend (attack) actions were smaller (same) when IDS was present compared to absent. In addition, the proportion of defend (attack) actions were same (smaller) in conditions of full-information about opponents compared to no-information about opponents. Furthermore, to understand the experimental results, the authors calibrated cognitive models based upon instance-based learning theory (IBLT), a theory of decisions from experience. Based upon the experimental conditions, four different variants of a single instance-based learning (IBL) model were developed. Model results revealed excessive reliance on recency and frequency of information and cognitive noise among both attackers and defenders across different experimental conditions. The paper highlights the implications of our results for cyber-decisions in the real world.
Airport city development at mature airports: Structural, strategic and commercial aspects along the path of a massive change process
Authors: Leeuw Peter De
Published: July 2024

Previous discussions have mainly given attention to the different functions in airport cities, which created awareness of what to develop in an airport city development process. This ‘what’, however, needs to be realised too. At the few existing airports planned on a white sheet of paper and constructed on green fields, the development process is complex but projectable. At organically grown airports, it is less about what to do than how to do it. There is no way to fully divide airside and landside activities without losing genuine airport specific unique selling propositions (USPs). Doing so could perhaps lean processes and simplify the reorganising process using other industries’ standards, like those the real estate industry has built. Abandoning the specific airport-features, however, would end up in an exchangeable business location. The target must be to develop an unmistakeable and profiled business location worthy to be called airport city. Airport city development is equal to creating a bunch of cross-linked business models. To be able to do so, mature airports must change their mindset from ‘controlling passengers’ to ‘serving clients’.
Improving finance and risk management foresight abilities: Growing past the ‘black swan’ mindset through integrative assessment
Authors: Werther Guntram Fritz Albin
Published: July 2024

Most professionals within finance and risk management, as in other professions, have sequentially failed to foresee and forecast large scale, large impact and rare events, as well as many more mundane real-world emergences. Often models and algorithms fail when most needed, as do most expert’s judgements. A common theme is that the world is complex and that therefore change within it is difficult — or as in the black swan mindset, impossible — to foresee and forecast. Either answer is not conducive to maintaining high career status and pay in the long run, especially when, as often happens, someone did ‘get it right’. This paper discusses several aspects of what doing better can look like for the majority of practitioners in finance and risk management professions — those who too often ‘missed it’. Particularly, it discusses what true integrative assessment within an iteratively holistic thinking mindset is. It discusses how integrative thinking differs from mere interdisciplinary or merely more networked thinking, and from modelling and other arithmetic approaches. Better models and arithmetic solutions alone cannot solve real-world foresight performance shortfalls because of a machine–human interface judgement problem. This paper will specifically address: Why are we doing badly? What can the finance and risk management professions do to build better forecasters? How does this apply specifically to financial institutions/risk managers? What should they do better or differently? How can education help develop better forecasters? What exactly is integrative thinking in the context of risk managers within a financial institution?
Adapting to the elusive loyalty of the mobile audience
Authors: Rimmon Tamar , Stubbs Dan
Published: July 2024

Almost two-thirds of mobile phone owners in the USA use their devices to go online, and phones now account for a quarter of all web usage worldwide. The shift to mobile poses a challenge to digital publishers, as mobile visitors tend to show lower levels of engagement and brand loyalty. This paper explores how changes in content consumption habits impact upon the relationship between publishers and their audiences. Methods for building engaging and monetisable content experiences for mobile visitors are proposed, based on the audience segmentation approach of global media company Condé Nast and the strategies it employs to address the unique needs and behaviours of each segment.
Industrialisation of the back-office function
Authors: Colladon Pierre
Published: July 2024

Do more, safely and in less time. These few words sum up the challenge of industrialising back-office functions. Not so very long ago, in the last century, back-office functions involved paper processing and physical securities delivered via trucks. Today they comprise a virtual but very real world of electronic flows and processing of securities. Huge efforts in automation have been made, more or less continuously since the 1970s, supported by the implementation of standards, to achieve the industrialisation of the back office which has occurred in response to increased volumes in the general move towards globalisation and the reduction in time taken to process securities. These efforts, which are likely to continue, have led to restructuring and increased staff specialisation, which in turn offers real challenges to many organisations — both in terms of training and in keeping on board highly qualified specialists able to adapt themselves to a constantly changing environment and offer their clients tailor-made solutions in an industrialised environment.
Bringing healthshare NSW procurement into the 21st century
Authors: Treadwell Rod
Published: July 2024

The paper examines the procurement function within HealthShare NSW which is going through some fundamental changes in the way it practices procurement. The approach taken is to look at each major set of common issues, ideas, approaches and strategies as building blocks, each one forming a essential part of a foundation that will enable the procurement function to achieve the challenges it faces. By introducing category management as a fundamental underpinning of its procurement and sourcing activity, HealthShare NSW will see some major changes in the way it interacts with its stakeholders and suppliers. The development and improvement in a wide range of capabilities will increase the quality of outcomes delivered to NSW Health. Similarly, the improvement in analytical capability will provide the information needed to drive savings, better reporting and opportunity identification for LHDs. Also with better communication and collaboration with its essential stakeholders and suppliers, HealthShare NSW will be able to deliver outcomes that meet the varied needs of stakeholders while getting the best out of suppliers. The approaches and strategies being applied to manage through and implement these changes are explained including the implications and difficulties faced. Seeing these changes as building blocks helps visualise how they all interact and how each block supports the other, and that all are necessary to achieving the overall goals of HealthShare NSW.
Nostalgia, autobiographical memories and brand strategy: Marketing to the post–World War I generation
Authors: Kessous Aurélie
Published: July 2024

For marketing managers, the current trend for nostalgia marketing is not without risk. Indeed, leveraging nostalgia to reach the aging post–World War I generation can prompt feelings of sadness. This paper compares the benefits the postwar generation derives from consuming nostalgic brands with the competitive advantages that nostalgia marketing offers to marketing professionals. The paper examines how these benefits translate into competitive advantages via two complementary qualitative studies. The first was performed among a sample of 20 consumers, born between 1928 and 1947, while the second was performed among a sample of eight marketing managers whose companies target this generation. Two thematic analyses were conducted after the integral transcription of the interviews. The first highlights the main emotional benefits associated with the postwar generation's nostalgic consumption behaviour. The second shows the competitive advantages and risks for nostalgic brands targeting the postwar generation.
Custody in the age of digital assets : The path to building market infrastructure fit for a tokenised economy
Authors: Donoghue Seamus
Published: July 2024

This paper charts the dynamic evolution of finance and capital markets amid the digital asset surge. Tracing the historical trajectory from conventional banking to the current digital era, the paper underscores the intertwined narrative of finance and technology. Distributed ledger technology (DLT) and digital assets take centre stage, driving continuous financial operations and reshaping market dynamics. Custody emerges as a pivotal factor in this digital transformation. Established financial institutions strategically invest in digital asset infrastructure, recognising the seismic potential of tokenisation. Research from major companies projects significant tokenisation of assets, prompting global banks to align their strategies accordingly. The paper explores diverse use cases, from custody and trading services for cryptocurrencies to tokenising financial securities and real-world assets. Navigating the regulatory landscape proves crucial, with varying regulations across jurisdictions posing challenges. A unified regulatory framework is advocated for fostering global adoption. The paper delves into the technological nuances of safeguarding digital assets, exploring key management solutions such as multiparty computation (MPC) and hardware security modules (HSMs). The paper anticipates a shift towards recentralisation as the digital asset market matures, with established financial institutions and custodians poised to leverage trust, balance sheets and regulatory compliance to open up commercial opportunities in the digital asset space. In essence, the paper provides a sweeping overview of the current digital asset landscape, offering insights into challenges, opportunities and technological considerations shaping the digital asset custody value chain.
How flexible workplace strategies can be made successful at the operational level
Authors: Van Koetsveld Rogier , Kamperman Luc
Published: July 2024

We are living in a continuously changing world; technology is changing rapidly, information has become more accessible and an office worker can work anywhere, at anytime. These developments require organisations to be highly flexible in the way they respond to economic, social and technological change, but also in the capacity and flexibility of their workplace. This paper strives to give insight into ‘how to make flexible workplace strategies work at an operational level’ by discussing the relationship between levels of ambition and implementation strategies. Activity-based working (ABW) is a flexible workplace concept, which recognises that, through the course of any day, people engage in many different activities and need different types of work settings and technology to accommodate those activities. Implementation success is driven by an integrated approach where ambitions and solutions for the physical, virtual and behavioural environment are considered in a coherent way. There are three different types of approach towards implementing ABW, which fit different levels of ambition. Knowing the ambition level makes it possible to choose the right implementation approach and helps to determine the role that the corporate real estate organisation can play. Two case studies are reflected upon to exemplify these different levels of ambition and implementation approaches.
Sustainability issue communication and student social media engagement: Recommendations for climate communicators
Authors: Hodson Jaigris , Dale Ann , Jost François , Clifton-Ross Jaime
Published: July 2024

This study explores the digital and social media information habits and preferences of students, particularly as they concern issues-based communication relating to climate change and sustainability. Researchers surveyed 203 undergraduate students studying a wide range of subject areas in a small Canadian liberal arts style university. Results were analysed using basic statistics to determine broad trends in social and digital media use among participants, their assessment of what kinds of content they found engaging online and their preferences relating to searching and sharing information on news and issues. Different environmental messages were also assessed by participants for whether they were engaging. Participants used a wide variety of platforms, in diverse locations, but demonstrated a tendency to use Google and YouTube most often to search for issues about which they cared. Respondents indicated a preference for image or video-based content, and also indicated that images and videos made a website more attractive. They generally reported not sharing news on social media, and tended to rate environmental messages with a problem-solution framework as most engaging. This study suggests that climate-change related issue marketing should favour YouTube and other video content, and should pay close attention to how environmental messages are presented in order to be most engaging to their target audiences.
Presidents, elephants, and inaugurations: The inauguration of Dr Belinda S. Miles
Authors: Hennessey Patrick , Shank Heather
Published: July 2024

In 2015, Westchester Community College in Westchester County, New York welcomed its first new president in more than four decades. In order to introduce Dr Belinda S. Miles as the new leader of the institution, the college sought to greet her through a series of events approximately nine months after she took on the mantle of Westchester County’s largest college. With approximately 13,000 credit students and another 13,000 non-credit students, this State University of New York institution plays an important role in the region’s economy. Preparing events suitable for welcoming the new leader of this well respected college required advance planning and extensive resources. Although the college has a special events coordinator on staff (she is employed by the college’s Foundation) and considerable experience in the planning of special events, this undertaking would be more extensive than previous events and celebrations.
An innovative model for congestion pricing at airports
Authors: Xingwu Zheng , Beibei Ge
Published: July 2024

Airport congestion is worsening worldwide, and is one of the bottlenecks constraining the development of global air transportation. Based on a comparison of the current airport congestion models, this paper improves the diffusion approximation model for airport congestion pricing developed by Milan Janic in 2005 in the following three areas: (1) redefining the processes of the congestion queue, (2) adding the threshold of congestion queue, and (3) amending the sub-model of delay costs. This new diffusion approximation model for airport congestion pricing was applied to Beijing Capital International Airport (PEK). After calculating delay times and delay costs at this airport on 21st July, 2007, the congestion tolls for various airlines at various times were calculated. This paper provides a solution for airport congestion.
The mission of sound archives in a post-analogue context
Authors: Müller Jan
Published: July 2024

Operating in the post-analogue context has significant implications for archives and institutions. This paper addresses the challenges and opportunities related to the role and function of sound archives as the environment in which they operate becomes increasingly digital, networked and user-based, and their mission to support a myriad of users to utilise collections to learn, experience and create evolves. The paper uses case studies from the Sound of the Netherlands, the National Film and Sound Archive of Australia and Europeana Sounds to illustrate how digitisation matters, not only from a heritage and preservation perspective, but also because smart, connected and open collections provide value in many respects.
Bracing for the FRTB: Capital, business and operational impact
Authors: Farag Hany M.
Published: July 2024

We give an overview of the impact of the new standard of minimum capital requirement for market risk, commonly referred to as the FRTB (Fundamental Review of the Trading Book). We do not attempt to reproduce many formulas or minute details, which can be found in the regulatory text. Instead, we try to give a pragmatic overview which connects the pieces together and informs the reader of the potential actions needed to be taken in light of this new framework in market risk. The FRTB is probably the biggest change in market risk for two decades and is an evolutionary force that requires adaptations by the industry in order for it to continue to thrive. A proactive approach is important and we hope to provide a healthy impetus by highlighting the key aspects of the framework that require attention.
Unifying vision, brands and culture in complex company mergers: nThrive
Authors: Bowen Matt
Published: July 2024

Brand strategy became a crucial factor in the merger of three companies in the healthcare industry: MedAssets, Precyse and Equation Health. Merging three employee cultures, leadership views and differing processes and quality standards proved to be a challenge. First, understanding the existing points of differentiation of each unit and building upon them to create a new, differentiated positioning was at the core of the brand strategy. This is what would enable the new company to emerge into one unified, emotional and empowering story that enabled them to position themselves for future growth and establish a solid leadership position in the industry. Readers of this case study will better understand the process of unifying a brand strategy for three disparate companies. In addition, they will learn about the importance of why every employee needs to have a deep understanding of how the vision, mission, and corporate and brand strategies align and why they should have an individual role in moving the strategy forward.
Improving return on investment and measurement on Facebook
Authors: Lilburne Kizzy
Published: July 2024

The role of social media is changing, not only as consumer trends rapidly shape and as social networks truly start to understand their value, but also as marketers become more demanding of social media channels. No longer are social media platforms simply a place for brands to interact with their fans and try to increase brand love in the process. Today's brands are demanding return on investment and an immediate payback. This paper shares four big lessons on how to make Facebook content pay back, in both the short term and long term.
Compliance requirements in the future EU Anti-Money Laundering and Countering the Financing of Terrorism Framework
Authors: Kaiser Roger
Published: July 2024

As gatekeepers of the financial system, financial institutions and payment service providers play a pivotal role in detecting suspicious activities and transactions. Recognising the inefficiencies and ineffectiveness of the current EU Framework for Anti-Money Laundering and Countering the Financing of Terrorism (AML/CFT), in 2021 the European Commission issued a package to address these issues and improve the framework. This package is very likely to be adopted by the EU co-legislators in Q1 2024. It encompasses four legislative instruments: (1) the proposed AML/CFT Regulation will harmonise the rules and obligations for the private sector (COM/2021/420 final); (2) the proposed AML/CFT Directive will harmonise tasks and powers of public authorities (COM/2021/423 final replacing the existing Directive 2015/849/ EU); (3) the proposed AML Authority Regulation will establish the Authority for Anti-Money Laundering and Countering the Financing of Terrorism, amending Regulations (EU) No. 1093/2010, (EU) 1094/2010, (EU) 1095/2010 COM/2021/421 final); and (4) a proposal to recast the Fund Transfer Regulation to trace the transfer of crypto-assets (COM/2021/422 final reviewing Regulation 2015/847/EU). This paper will describe each of these legal instruments, with a focus on the AML/CFT Regulation, which provides financial institutions and payment service providers with a new ‘AML Rulebook’.
Strategies to cope with air cargo traffic peaks: The Beaujolais nouveau case
Authors: Koch Benjamin , Kraus Andreas
Published: July 2024

Within the global air cargo market, the transport of perishable goods is one of the most dynamic and most important market segments. Characterised by a highly seasonal structure, the business tends towards cyclical demand curves, thus requiring a substantial degree of flexibility on the logistics services supply side to meet customer requirements during peak periods. Of all the major peaks in the perishable goods market, the annual global rollout of Beaujolais nouveau is probably the most significant single event in the air cargo industry. This paper analyses this demand peak and its specific implications for those in the supply chain. The paper then focuses on the strategies followed by airlines and airports in order to guarantee a successful operation.
Key strategies to maximise passenger terminal throughput and improve customer satisfaction while waiting for major developments to be delivered
Authors: Bianchi Paolo
Published: July 2024

This is a best-practice paper on how to maximise passenger terminal throughput and improve customer satisfaction by bridging the capacity and quality gaps that often materialise before major development projects come to fruition. The reference context comprises European regional airports with annual passenger traffic between 5 and 20 million, a single terminal configuration and its future development focused on expanding the existing terminal. The strategies presented in this paper are tailored to this specific context but are scalable and applicable to other contexts with a reduced effectiveness in some. Major developments for the expansion of existing terminals are large and complex projects often with a capacity gap in the timeframe leading to their completion caused by a variety of reasons including unforecasted growth, various delays or simply because of their late start. In order to keep accommodating the passenger growth and meeting the quality targets, these airports need to maximise their terminal throughput and improve the customer satisfaction acting at different levels and in different timescales. Bridge solutions are small- or medium-sized external interventions with a relatively short implementation time, which gain extra capacity by making available additional floor area and can be groped in three categories: existing building expansion, new temporary buildings and temporary reuse of existing buildings. Optimisations are internal reconfigurations usually with fast implementation, which gain extra capacity through modest area gain, increased layout efficiency, technological upgrades and can be groped in two categories: existing facilities reconfiguration and existing space repurposing. Bridge solutions and optimisations provide an uplift in capacity and quality but cannot be pursued everywhere for the presence of hard physical constraints, lack of space or because facilities are already too congested. Perceived quality solutions are ‘soft solutions’ with a very quick delivery time, which act on passenger perceptions of space, time, feelings and emotions and aim at improving passenger satisfaction without a physical expansion of the facility. This wide array of solutions leads to a very efficient passenger terminal with throughput greater than the capacity defined by the industry standards but still with good customer satisfaction, allowing airports to get more out of their existing physical asset maximising the passenger terminal throughput togheter with the overall organisation performance.
Cross-border supply-chain finance: An important offering in transaction banking
Authors: De Meijer Carlo R. W. , De Bruijn Menno
Published: July 2024

Supply-chain finance (SCF) is growing in importance for transaction banking. In this paper, SCF is defined as the use of financial instruments, practices and technologies to optimise the management of working capital and liquidity tied up in supply-chain processes. SCF is largely driven by events in the physical supply chain. SCF is gaining the greatest momentum in local, domestic trade transactions. The current European cross-border SCF market size is still small, and is not yet as mature as that in the USA. Nevertheless, there is a growing demand from clients for cross-border SCF solutions. Bankers see double-digit growth (between 10 and 20 per cent) in cross-border SCF programmes (in terms of turnover) in Europe and the US over the next few years. Emerging countries in Asia and Latin America represent further opportunities for SCF adoption, given their trade focus. SCF is increasingly seen as a tool that could bring benefits to multiple parties across the integrated supply chain. Corporates are thereby recognising the working capital benefits of SCF, as well as its capacity to minimise supply chain risk and build better relationships with their suppliers. Initially, SCFs were offered by international banks as a way to counteract a contraction in traditional payment fees, to optimise the use of risk-weighted assets (RWAs) and to identify additional sources of revenue in the working capital cycle. The industry of SCF services, however, is being revolutionised. New, innovative, non-bank players such as peer-to-peer lenders, dynamic discounting providers and others have entered the market, enabling SMEs to optimise their working capital, thereby challenging the banking financing industry. SCF is expected to grow not only in terms of turnover, but also in scope and appeal. As buyer–supplier relationships will continue to evolve and mature, the level of integration will move further up the value chain. This will also trigger buyer-centric SCF programmes to become increasingly available. There is likely to be an increase in syndicated supply chain programmes and greater integration of SCF solutions with capital market instruments. The main challenge for banks and innovative service providers is to translate the complexity of SCF into a proposition for corporates that is easy to understand and communicate.