bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ALKITAB ADALAH FIRMAN ALLAH YANG TIDAK MUNGKIN SALAH DALAM HAL TUJUAN
Authors: Rupa' Calvin Sholla
Published: November 2022

Alkitab adalah buku yang sangat istimewa karena diterjemahkan ke dalam lebih dari seribu bahasa, sehingga karena keistimewaan buku tersebut sehingga banyak yang mempertanyakan apakah Alkitab ini layak disebut sebagai Firman Allah yang tidak salah dalam hal tujuan penulisannya. Banyaknya tulisan-tulisan yang sepertinya bertentangan dalam Alkitab dan data-data yang tidak akurat sehingga banyak yang mengatakan bahwa Alkitab ini penuh dengan kesalahan dan kekeliruan.Alkitab adalah Firman Allah. Walaupun orang-orang lain (nabi, rasul, pemazmur, dll) yang berkata-kata dalam tulisan tersebut, tetapi semuanya itu adalah dari Allah (Allah yang punya gagasan). Yesus sendiri menjamin kalau kebenaran dalam Alkitab dan bahwa Alkitab itu adalah diilhamkan oleh Allah. Perbedaan-perbedaan redaksi penulisan dalam dalam alkitab bukan sebagai bukti kekeliruan atau kesalahan dari Alkitab. Ada beberapa hal sehingga tulisan-tulisan dalam Alkitab berbeda antara tulisan yang satu dengan tulisan yang lain, yaitu: sisi penulis, di mana penulis Alkitab melihat kepada suatu permasalahan dari masing-masing sudut pandang, dan juga karena Penulisan Alkitab lebih mengutamakan Tujuan bukan pada keakuratan data yang disampaikan.
ABAD PERTENGAHAN, MODERNISME & POSTMODERNISME
Authors: Wangkanusa Seltia
Published: November 2022

ABAD PERTENGAHAN,MODERNISME & POSTMODERNISME
IoT Based Smart Mirror Using Raspberry Pi 4 and YOLO Algorithm: A Novel Framework for Interactive Display
Authors: V Viswanatha , Chandana R K , Ramachandra A C
Published: November 2022

Objectives: The primary goal of this device is to support the user in a variety of ways, and by enabling communication between the user and the gadget,we can demonstrate the user’s control over the location where the device will be Built and set up the home environment for the human detectionusing You Only Look Once (YOLO) algorithm. Methods: The technology is made to show the current news, weather, and temperature on the mirror.The technology is primarily intended to be used as an intrusion detection system and for human monitoring. The YOLO algorithm is used to find the object in the given image. The suggested design is envisioned as a collection of components that can be utilized to provide security as well as simply display information on a screen. The system is created utilizing Python programmingand hardware components such as the Raspberry Pi 4 model, a microphone, a touch screen, a mobile device, a camera, and passive infrared (PIR) sensors.Findings: This study provides thorough information regarding the operation of a smart mirror, which enables us to perform all necessary actions or tasks that we perform regularly and to complete them in a predetermined amount of time. Since the research is primarily intended for intrusion detection, we canalso get the most out of it by using it in a specific manner. We would use it to monitor children’s whereabouts. Novelty: This technology has a high economic value because it has so many uses and tends to help users with daily tasks. And because it is created using machine learning language and has room for artificial intelligence, even the user who uses it can add some of his remainders to the device, and it can also alert a user in the designated remainder time so that person won’t miss their important meeting. As a result, this device ismore valuable, useful, and collectively beneficial. This technology will produce a finished product with the highest level of accuracy and precision.
Biaya Produksi dan Penerimaan
Authors: Irwan Arfin Muh.
Published: November 2022

PenerimaanPenerimaan (revenue) adalah penerimaan produsen dari hasil penjualanproduksinya. Ada beberapa konsep penerimaan yang penting dalam melakukan analisis perilaku produsen yaitu;a. Penerimaan Total (Total Revenue / TR)Total penerimaan perusahaan dari hasil penjualan produksinya (output) atau hasil perkalian antara jumlah produksi yang terjual dengan harga jual produk.TR = Pq x QPenerimaan Rata-rata (Average Revenue / AR) Penerimaan perusahaan per unit produk yang mampu dijual oleh perusahaan atau harga jual produk per unit.b. Penerimaan Marginal (Marginal Revenue / MR)c. Kenaikan dari penerimaan total (TR) yang disebabkan pertambahan penjualan 1 unit produk (output) Hubungan antara TR, AR dan MR dapat digambarkan dalam dua model yaitu;1) Kurva Permintaan MenurunAsumsikan bahwa kurva permintaan yang dihadapi oleh produsenadalah menurun, yang berarti bahwa ia bisa menjual lebih banyak output hanya dengan menurunkan harga jual. Sifat hubungan dari ketiga konsep penerimaan tersebut: TR menaik selama elastisitas harga Eh dari kurva permintaanD (yang tidak lain adalah kurva AR) adalah lebih besar dari satu. TR mencapai maksimum persis pada pertengahan dari kurva permintaan yaitu dimana elastisitas harga sama dengan satu. TR menurun pada daerah dimana kurva permintaan mempunyai elastisitas harga yang lebih kecil dari satu. TR menaik selama MR positif,mencapai maksimum bila MR = 0 dan menurun bila MR negatif.2) Kurva Permintaan Horizontal.Keadaan dimana produsen menghadapi kurva permintaan yanghorizontal (dimana terjadi pada suatu perusahaan dalam pasar persaingan sempurna), yang berarti bahwa harga jual per unit yang diterimaprodusen tetap, berapa pun volume output yang dijual. Dalam model ini TR berupa garis lurus yang menaik, tanpa ada posisi maksimum MR ternyata sama dengan (AR=P) dan tidak pernah bernilai negatif
SISTEM KEUANGAN ISLAM
Authors: SYAHRA AISYAH
Published: November 2022

Sistem keuangan Islam bertujuan untuk memberikan jasa keuangan yang halal kepada komunitas muslim, di samping itu juga diharapkan mampu memberikan kontribusi yang layak bagi tercapainya tujuan sosio-ekonomi Islam.
Differential expression of NUF2, NDC80 kinetochore complex component in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: November 2022

Women diagnosed with triple negative breast cancer can benefit neither from endocrine therapy nor from HER2-targeted therapies (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with triple negative breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding NUF2, NDC80 kinetochore complex component, NUF2, when comparing the tumor cells of patients with triple negative breast cancer to normal mammary ductal cells (2). NUF2 was also differentially expressed in bulk tumor in human breast cancer (3). NUF2 mRNA was present at significantly increased quantities in TNBC tumor cells relative to normal mammary ductal cells. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of NUF2 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with overall survival in patients with basal and HER2+ subtype cancer, while within triple negative breast cancer, primary tumor expression of NUF2 was correlated with overall survival in patients with mesenchymal subtype disease. NUF2 may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of triple negative breast cancers.
American social media users have ideological differences of opinion about the War in Ukraine
Authors: Nomikos William George , Lin Gechun , Kim Dahjin
Published: November 2022

Though ideological differences have long been a ubiquitous feature of American politics, the rise of online news and social media has exacerbated divisions between groups. While existing research has documented how political preferences manifest online, relatively few studies have considered whether ideological divisions extend to discussions of foreign policy. We examine this question by analyzing nearly 2 million tweets about the war in Ukraine posted by Americans during the opening stages of the Russian invasion. We first categorize each tweet according to the user's ideological leanings estimated by the network of political accounts they follow. Then, we apply a natural language processing model specifically designed for short texts to classify the tweets into clusters that we hand code into substantive topics. We find that the topic distributions of conservative, moderate, and liberal users are substantively and statistically different. We further find that conservatives are more likely to spread some form of misinformation and that liberals are more likely to express support for Ukraine. Our paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of our findings for the conduct of U.S. foreign policy.
Differential expression of histone cluster 1, H2ae in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: November 2022

Women diagnosed with triple negative breast cancer can benefit neither from endocrine therapy nor from HER2-targeted therapies (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with triple negative breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding histone cluster 1, H2ae, HIST1H2AE, when comparing the tumor cells of patients with triple negative breast cancer to normal mammary ductal cells (2). HIST1H2AE was also differentially expressed in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer (3). HIST1H2AE mRNA was present at significantly increased quantities in TNBC tumor cells relative to normal mammary ductal cells. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of HIST1H2AE in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with overall survival in all patients with luminal B breast cancer, while within triple negative breast cancer, primary tumor expression of HIST1H2AE was correlated with overall survival in patients with basal-like 1 subtype disease. HIST1H2AE may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of triple negative breast cancers.
Consumption Responses to an Unconditional Child Allowance in the United States
Authors: Parolin Zachary , Giupponi Giulia , Lee Emma , Collyer Sophie
Published: November 2022

The economic crisis triggered by COVID-19 put families with children in the United States under significant financial stress. The federal government’s largest response in 2021 was the American Rescue Plan Act, which temporarily expanded the Child Tax Credit (CTC) into a large, unconditional child allowance providing monthly income support to families with children. This study investigates consumption responses to the CTC expansion using anonymized mobile-location data and debit/credit card data that track visits and spending at 1.3 million establishments across counties that cover 99.6% of the U.S. population. For identification, we exploit variation in the size of households’ income gains due to the CTC across counties in a difference-in-differences framework spanning January 2021 through May 2022. We find that counties benefiting most from the CTC expansion experienced larger increases in visits to child care centers; increased spending amounts at personal care establishments, restaurants, and grocery and general stores; and no significant increase in consumption at alcohol, tobacco, or gambling establishments. We find some evidence that CTC payment frequency matters for spending decisions: when distributed at monthly frequency, the CTC payments contributed to greater consumption at grocery and general stores. When distributed as a lumpsum, the benefit contributed to greater consumption at children’s and family clothing stores. Both payment types contributed to greater visits to child care centers. These findings suggest that the CTC expansion increased household consumption and particularly spending on children.
Differential expression of spindle and kinetochore associated complex subunit 3 in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: November 2022

Women diagnosed with triple negative breast cancer can benefit neither from endocrine therapy nor from HER2-targeted therapies (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with triple negative breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding spindle and kinetochore associated complex subunit 3, SKA3, when comparing the tumor cells of patients with triple negative breast cancer to normal mammary ductal cells (2). SKA3 was also differentially expressed in bulk tumor in human breast cancer (3). SKA3 mRNA was present at significantly increased quantities in TNBC tumor cells relative to normal mammary ductal cells. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of SKA3 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with overall survival in patients with luminal A type cancer. SKA3 may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of triple negative breast cancers.
PRINSIP DIALOG DALAM KONTEKS AGAMA-AGAMA
Authors: Rupa' Calvin Sholla
Published: November 2022

Dialog adalah hal yang penting untuk senantiasa dilaksanakan dalam konteks agama-agama atau perbedaan kepercayaan. Perasaan menganggap agama sendiri yang paling benar dan agama lain punya sedikit unsur kebenaran sebagai pemicu munculnya konflik agama karena tidak bisa menerima orang lain dan agamanya apa adanya.Dialog seharusnya sering kali dilaksanakan untuk menghindari konflik. Tetapi sangat disayangkan bahwa pelaksanaan dialog itu dilaksanakan setelah munculnya konfil, dan hal tersebut tidak lagi efektif.Ada beberapa hal yang perlu diketahui dalam pelaksanaan dialog dalam konteks agama-agama yaitu: tema atau topik dialog berfokus pada pemahaman/teologi sekunder dan harus menghindari pembahasan Pada teologi primer; harus memahami prinsip dialog antar umat beragama yaitu: keterbukaan, kerelaan berbicara dan memberikan tanggapan, saling mempercayai, dialog meminta keseimbangan sikap, dan dialog menghasilkan kekuatan dan keyakinan iman masing-masing pihak.
SISTEM KEUANGAN ISLAM
Authors: Annisa Nurul
Published: November 2022

Keuangan Islam adalah sebuah sistem yang bersumber dari Al-Quran dan Sunnah, serta dari penafsiran para ulama terhadap sumber-sumber wahyu tersebut.Dalam berbagai bentuknya, struktur keuangan Islam telah menjadi sebuah peradaban yang tidak berubah selama 14 abad.
KONSEP DASAR HUKUM KESEHATAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Budiarsih S.H.
Published: November 2022

Hubungan antara pasien dan tenaga Kesehatan yang bisa dicermati dalam peristiwa yang terjadi sehari-hari, hubungan ini dipengaruhi oleh beberapa hal diantaranya, karena pasien datang ke dokter sebagai bentuk upaya dalam mengobati penyakit yang dideritanya. Dalam keadaan ini terjadi kesepakatan antara kedua belah pihak, artinya para pihak telah setuju sepenuhnya untuk mengadakan suatu hubungan hukum. Hubungan hukum ini bersumber pada kepercayaan pasien kepada dokter. Selain itu, hukum pelayanan Kesehatan juga meliputi kualiatas pelayanan Kesehatan. Implikasi hukum ini seringkali muncul bersamaan dengan adanya hubungan antara penyedia layanan kesehatan dan penerima layanan kesehatan, hal mana justru sangat sedikit difahami oleh kalangan masyarakat secara umum. Interpretasi tentang munculnya hubungan hukum dalam pelayanan kesehatan perorangan yang disebut pelayanan medik, dasar hukum hubungan pelayanan medik, kedudukan hukum para pihak dalam pelayanan medik dan resiko dalam pelayanan medik. Timbulnya hubungan hukum dalam pelayanan medik dapat dipahami, jika pengertian pelayanan kesehatan, prinsip pemberian bantuan dalam pelayanan kesehatan, tujuan pemberian pelayanan kesehatan dapat dipahami sebagai memberikan rasa sehat atau adanya penyembuhan bagi si pasien
Reach-to-grasp kinematic signatures in Colombian spider monkeys (Ateles fusciceps rufiventris)
Authors: Nelson Eliza L , Taylor Megan A. , del Valle Armando , Pavon Narciso
Published: November 2022

A defining feature of most primates is a hand with five fingers. Spider monkeys are an exception because they have four fingers and no thumb. Despite the prevalence of reach-to-grasp research in primates, it is not known how the lack of a thumb affects reaching and grasping in spider monkeys. Drawing on patterns that have been well described in human adults, human infants, and other nonhuman primates, this study characterized prehension in Colombian spider monkeys (Ateles fusciceps rufiventris). Monkeys reached for two differently sized food objects and reaches were digitized offline for 2-D kinematic analysis. Grasp strategy was coded from video as preshaped when the hand was adjusted to grasp the food before contact, or not preshaped when the hand was adjusted to grasp the food after contact. Monkeys exhibited variability in reach smoothness that contrasted with the typical pattern seen in other adult primates and instead resembled the pattern observed in human infants. Monkeys anticipated the object to be grasped approximately half of the time. Reaches where the hand was preshaped to the object were smoother than reaches where the hand was adjusted to grasp after object contact. For the small object, reaches with preshaping were straighter than reaches without preshaping. Results are the first evidence of kinematic signatures for reach-to-grasp actions in spider monkeys.
The Development of Mental Health Difficulties in Young People with and without Developmental Language Disorder: A Gene-Environment Interplay Study Using Polygenic Scores
Authors: Toseeb Umar , vincent john , Oginni Olakunle , Asbury Kathryn , Newbury Dianne
Published: November 2022

Purpose: Young people with developmental language disorder (DLD) have poorer mental health than those without DLD. However, not all young people with DLD are equally affected; some have more mental health difficulties than others. What explains these differences remains unclear. Method: Data from a community cohort study, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, was analysed to investigate genetic and environmental influences on the development of mental health difficulties at five time points from childhood (7 years) to adolescence (16 years) in 6,387 young people (8.7% with DLD). Regression and latent class models were fitted to the data.Results: Polygenic scores, indices of genetic risk, for common psychiatric disorders (major depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) predicted mental health difficulties in both groups (with and without DLD). The presence of DLD, in some instances, amplified mental health difficulties for those with high genetic risk for common psychiatric disorders. Sub-groups of children with similar developmental trajectories of mental health difficulties were identified. Young people with DLD were more likely than those without DLD to follow mental health sub-groups characterised by consistently high levels of difficulties during development. Polygenic scores, socioeconomic status, and the early home environment distinguished sub-groups with low mental health difficulties from those characterised by high levels of difficulties, but these effects did not differ based on DLD status. Conclusion. These findings suggest that, for the most part, both genetic and environmental risk affect the development of mental health difficulties in a cumulative way for young people with DLD (and those without). Some analysis did, however, suggest that genetic risk for common psychiatric disorders might manifest more strongly in those with DLD compared to those without DLD.
Testing the effects of time-on-task and instructions to “be creative” on gifted students
Authors: Alabbasi Ahmed M. Abdulla , Acar Selcuk
Published: November 2022

Divergent thinking tests are used to select students for gifted programs. Studies on these tests, mostly conducted on non-gifted students, suggest that performance is influenced by the type of instruction given (standard vs. hybrid “be fluent AND original”) and time-on-task. The current study aimed to examine the effect of instructions and time-on-task on divergent thinking performance in gifted and non-gifted students in a 2 [gifted vs non-gifted] × 2 [standard vs hybrid instructions] design. The results showed that gifted students outperformed non-gifted students in fluency, while no significant difference was found between the two groups in originality. Creativity instructions improved both originality and fluency scores in verbal but not figural tests. As for time-on-task, gifted students took more time when completing divergent thinking tests as well as when they were given explicit instructions to “be creative.” Implications for gifted identification are discussed.
Attraction depending on the level of abstraction of the character descriptions
Authors: Kuge Hiyori , Otsubo Kai , Hattori Kaede , Urakawa Mai , Yamada Yuki
Published: November 2022

With the recent expansion of social networking sites, we have increasing opportunities to evaluate other people by reading their profiles without interacting with them. Therefore, it is important to examine the factors in profiles that affect interpersonal attraction. The uncertainty reduction theory assumes that when uncertainty about a person decreases, they will be evaluated as more attractive. Most studies examining the relationship between uncertainty and attraction have focused on the effect of the amount of information that participants can access. However, only a few studies have examined the qualitative aspects of expression (i.e., how information is described). Therefore, in the present study, we will investigate the effect of abstractness of expression in profiles on the attraction of the target person. We hypothesize that: 1) a person described in concrete expressions would be perceived as more attractive because concrete expressions contain more information than abstract expressions, and 2) the level of uncertainty would mediate this effect. To test these hypotheses, we will conduct an experiment with 500 native adult Japanese speakers.
Does Meditation Improve Cognition Through Sleep?
Authors: Rankaduwa Sidath , Owen Adrian M , Nichols Emily S
Published: November 2022

Meditation has often been touted as a reliable way to improve one’s cognition. Several studies have demonstrated a variety of structural brain and behavioral changes related to meditation practice, further supporting its use as a cognitive intervention. However, many of these purported benefits have failed to replicate in similar studies. Recent reviews of the meditation/cognition literature have also identified a number of methodological shortcomings that are prevalent in most of these studies. In light of these issues, we review the literature on meditation and cognition, in an effort to better understand the relationship between the two and how (if at all) meditation may exert an influence over cognitive performance. We argue in favor of a recent hypothesis that meditation may have direct benefits for sleep, which might ultimately explain any downstream benefits on cognitive performance.
The paradox of learned song in a semi-solitary mammal
Authors: Duengen Diandra , Ravignani Andrea
Published: November 2022

Learning can occur via trial and error; however, learning from conspecifics is faster and more efficient. Social animals can easily learn from conspecifics, but how do less social species learn? In particular, avian species provide astonishing examples of social learning of vocalizations, while vocal learning from conspecifics is much less understood in mammals. We present a hypothesis aimed at solving an apparent paradox: how can harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) learn their song when their whole lives are marked by loose conspecific social contact? Harbor seal pups are raised individually by their mostly silent mothers. Pups’ first few weeks of life show developed vocal plasticity; these weeks are followed by relatively silent years until sexually mature individuals start singing. How can this rather solitary life lead to learned song? Why do pups display vocal plasticity at a few weeks of age, when this is apparently not needed? Our ‘oblique transmission’ hypothesis addresses these questions and tries to explain how vocal learning fits into the natural history of harbor seals, and potentially other less social mammals. We review available evidence and hypothesize that pups learn adult vocalizations because they are born exactly at the right time to eavesdrop on singing adults. In particular, we hypothesize that, to make this learning possible, the following happens concurrently: 1) mothers give birth right before male singing starts, 2) pups enter a sensitive learning phase around weaning time, which 3) coincides with their foraging expeditions at sea which, 4) in turn, coincide with the peak singing activity of adult males. In other words, harbor seals show vocal learning as pups so they can acquire elements of their future song from adults, and solitary adults can sing because they have acquired these elements as pups. We conclude by suggesting empirical predictions and testable hypotheses for future work.
Perceived stress and emotion regulation mediate associations between camouflaging and internalizing symptomatology among autistic adults
Authors: McQuaid Goldie , Sadowski Lauren Y. , Lee Nancy Raitano , Wallace Gregory
Published: November 2022

Camouflaging is associated with anxiety and depression in autistic adults; however, what drives these associations is unclear. We examined two potential drivers of the association between camouflaging and anxiety/depression: perceived stress and emotion regulation. 787 autistic adults (18.2-78.2 years) recruited via Simons Powering Autism Research (SPARK) Research Match completed questionnaires, including the Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (CAT-Q), and measures of autistic traits, depressive and anxious symptomatology, perceived stress, and emotion regulation. Four moderated mediation models were tested. In all models the independent variable was CAT-Q total score, and the moderator variable was birth-sex. The dependent variable was depressive or anxious symptomatology, and the mediator variable was perceived stress or emotion regulation. In what is, to our knowledge, the first study to examine potential drivers of associations between camouflaging and depression/anxiety, we found that perceived stress and emotion regulation each significantly mediated the associations between camouflaging and both depression and anxiety. In the model with perceived stress and anxiety, sex moderated the mediation, with females showing a stronger mediation. There was no significant moderation in any of the other models. We contextualize the findings within the broader literature on camouflaging as a response to stigma and other facets of minority stress.
Using the COM-B model to explore the barriers and facilitators to physical activity and exercise in adults from ethnic minorities in the UK living with chronic pain (MSc Health Psychology Dissertation)
Authors: Tafreshi Mehrad
Published: November 2022

MSc Health Psychology dissertation that looks at the barriers and facilitators to physical activity and exercise in adults from ethnic minorities in the UK living with chronic pain, using the COM-B model. See the research paper for a more detailed abstract.
Autism and Hierarchical Models of Intelligence
Authors: Chen Huan , Wodka Ericka , Caffo Brian , Ewen Joshua
Published: November 2022

Background: The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) employs a hierarchical model of general intelligence in which index scores separate out different clinically-relevant aspects of intelligence; the test is designed such that index scores are statistically independent from one another within the normative sample. Whether or not the existing index scores meet the desired psychometric property of being statistically independent within autistic samples is unknown.Method: We conducted a factor analysis on WISC fifth edition (WISC-V) (N=83) and WISC fourth edition (WISC-IV) (N=131) subtest data in children with autism. We compared the data-driven exploratory factor analysis with the manual-derived index scores, including in a typically developing (TD) WISC-IV cohort (N=209).Results: The WISC-IV TD cohort showed the expected 1:1 relationship between empirically derived factors and manual-derived index scores. We observed less unique correlations between our data-driven factors and manualized IQ index scores in both ASD samples (WISC-IV and WISC-V). In particular, in both WISC-IV and -V, working memory (WM) influenced index scores in autistic individuals that do not load on WM in the normative sample.Conclusions: WISC index scores do not show the desired statistical independence within autistic samples, as judged against an empirically-derived exploratory factor analysis. In particular, within the currently used WISC-V version, WM influences multiple index scores.
Semantic gender: Norms for 24,000 Dutch words and its role in word meaning
Authors: Vankrunkelsven Hendrik , Yang Yang , Brysbaert Marc , De Deyne Simon , Storms Gert
Published: November 2022

Semantic gender norms are presented for 24,037 Dutch words. Eighty participants rated 6,017 words each on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from feminine to masculine. Each word was rated by 10 male and 10 female participants. The collected norms show high reliability and correlate well with similar norms in English. We show that semantic gender is distinct from other lexical dimensions such as valence, arousal, dominance, concreteness, and age of acquisition. Semantic gender is not the same as the grammatical gender of words, either. The collected norms can be predicted accurately using a semantic space based on word association data. A dimension explaining a good amount of variance is present in this space, indicating that semantic gender is an important component of the human meaning system.
Causal Inference, Fast and Slow
Authors: Da Silva Sergio
Published: November 2022

This review explores causal inference through cognitive psychology, focusing on the du-al-processing theory of the mind, which includes fast (System 1) and slow (System 2) thinking. It explains that our fast thinking, geared towards identifying causes, helps us survive but can also lead to incorrect causal inferences. The paper underscores the need for slow, deliberate thinking in accurately determining cause-and-effect, a challenging but essential approach. It outlines established methods for developing precise causal inference frameworks and highlights the need for a balanced approach in research, utilizing both systems for creating effective causal diagrams. It proposes using the “thinking, fast and slow” concept to combine System 1’s intuitive reasoning with System 2’s thorough causal analysis, improving causal inference in everyday research.Published. Cite as: Da Silva, S. (2024). Causal Inference, Fast and Slow. Open Access Library Journal, 11, e1817.
Adapting attentional control settings in a shape-changing environment
Authors: Mu Yunyun , Schubö Anna , Tünnermann Jan
Published: November 2022

In rich visual environments, humans have to adjust their attentional control settings in various ways, depending on the task. Especially if the environment changes dynamically, it remains unclear how observers adapt to these changes. In two experiments (online and lab-based versions of the same task), we investigated how observers adapt their target choices while searching for color singletons among shape distractor contexts that changed over trials. The two equally colored targets had shapes that differed from each other and matched a varying number of distractors. Participants were free to select either target. The results show that participants adjusted target choices to the shape ratio of distractors: even though the task could be finished by focusing on color only, participants showed a tendency to choose targets matching with fewer distractors in shape. The time course of this adaptation showed that the regularities in the changing environment were taken into account. A Bayesian modeling approach was used to provide a fine-grained picture of how observers adapted their behavior to the changing shape ratio with three parameters: the strength of adaptation, its delay relative to the objective distractor shape ratio, and a general bias toward specific shapes. Overall, our findings highlight that systematic changes in shape even when it is not a target-defining feature, influence how searchers adjust their attentional control settings. Furthermore, our comparison between lab-based and online assessments with this paradigm suggests that shape is a good choice as a feature dimension in adaptive choice online experiments.
Self-Efficacy in Gifted and Non-Gifted Students: A Multilevel Meta-Analysis
Authors: Alabbasi Ahmed M. Abdulla , Sultan Zainab M. , Karwowski Maciej , Cross Tracy L. , Ayoub ALaa Eldin A.
Published: November 2022

This meta-analysis examined the difference between gifted and non-gifted students in one of the most critical motivational constructs: self-efficacy - the “I can” belief. In total, 25 studies (m = 70; N = 42,736) were analyzed using a three-level meta-analytical approach. The unconditional model revealed the overall mean effect size was g = 0.54, SE = 0.107, 95% CI [0.326, 0.747], p < .001, which indicates that gifted students had moderately higher self-efficacy than their non-gifted peers. However, we observed symptoms of publication bias and small-study effects. After correction, the mean effect size was estimated at g = 0.26, SE = 0.109, 95% CI [0.047, 0.476], p = .032, thus indicating a small to moderate difference between the groups. Moderator analyses showed that the self-efficacy domains (academic and socio-emotional), sex, and age moderated the overall effect size obtained, while culture (East vs. West) and three self-efficacy domains (i.e., general, mathematical, and verbal) did not significantly differentiate the obtained effects. Educational implications and future directions are discussed.
Pelatihan Cara Packing Produk Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah
Authors: Yuniarti Puji , Rini Ratih Setyo , Taruna Helmy Ivan , Rahman Aan
Published: November 2022

Pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat dengan mitra Koperasi Wanita Atsiri Citayam Bogor dilaksanakan secara hybrid yaitu offline dan online. Dikarenakan saat ini pemerintah sudah mulai melonggarkan kegiatan pertemuan masyarakat, kegiatan dapat berlangsung secara tatap muka. Namun demikian kegiatan pelatihan ini tetap dilaksanakan dengan protokol kesehatan yang ketat.  Permasalahan utama anggota Koperasi Wanita Atsiri Citayam Bogor antara lain terjadinya peralihan penjualan secara langsung atau konvensional menjadi penjualan secara online, secara khusus membutuhkan bentuk kemasan yang lebih khusus yang aman dalam pengiriman. Dengan demikian koperasi yang memiliki banyak anggota para pelaku UMKM di bidang kuliner ini membutuhkan sentuhan kemasan yang menarik sehingga diminati pasar. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk membantu para anggota Koperasi Wanita Atsiri tentang cara melakukan pengemasan produk untuk keberlangsungan usahanya. Pelatihan ini merupakan tempat pembelajaran bagi Anggota Koperasi Wanita Atsiri Citayam Bogor agar dapat memberikan wawasan desain dan bentuk kemasan baru yang membuat produk menjadi lebih bernilai, aman, menarik, khususnya untuk kemasan dalam penjualan secara online.
Causes of Growing Child Labor in India
Authors: Singh Savita , Shukla Pratima
Published: November 2022

Children are the country's new generations, and their proper development is the nation's prime focus. Youngsters all across the globe are involved in a wide range of work-related tasks. These vary from innocuous, even praiseworthy, hobbies to mentally damaging and deeply immoral persons. Forced labor is a difficult and sensitive topic.

Millions of youngsters labour in appalling and unscrupulous situations that are plainly hazardous to their health. India is one of the leading nations in terms of the proportion of the workforce that is 'child abuse.' In recent years, A lot of attention has been paid to child labour from the Government, social scientists, voluntary organizations, etc. The Constitution of India also guarantees protection of the rights of children. Despite social consciousness and many prohibitions, the number of child labour is increasing.

There are also many social factors of child labour such as inadequate family income, large families, poverty, illiteracy etc. Therefore, the issue of child labour needs to be looked into not only by the Legislature, the Executive and the Courts, but also to the social reformers, research and educational institutions of the NGO who look after the development and development of the nation. Child labour cannot end overnight because its roots are very deep. Laws should be strictly implemented to prevent child labour.
Automatic Image Tagging Based on Text Analysis Using Natural Language Processing Techniques
Authors: Maity Alok
Published: November 2022

I have seen that in any newspaper there are many articles related to different things and the article consists of some text and one or more images which are related to the given text. Some of the images given in the article have caption (which depicts the image) and the other images do not have any caption. Hence if I download the image which has no caption then after download, I will not understand what the image specifically describes.

To address this kind of situation it is necessary to give the image some caption which depicts about the situation of the image and the information about the image. After download the image if I give some relevant tag to the image then it will be helpful for all.

In modern era images are taken and stored digitally. Also, the prices of the image capturing devices are decreasing. Hence people are taking more and more pictures but handling of pictures are necessary at this situation. Additionally, there is a huge uptick in the use of web-based image-sharing programmes or applications. One of the most widely used of these applications is Flickr, which was acquired by Yahoo and now stores over 4 billion images.

Image tagging by hand takes time and is subjective. Nobody has time to tag their images. Additionally, because people differ and think in different ways, comparable images will be tagged in various ways by different people. Differences in language, emotion, vocabulary, education, culture, taste, etc. may be the root of this.
EARLY SUPPLIER INVOLVEMENT AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE IN FOOD AND BEVERAGE PROCESSING COMPANIES IN KENYA
Authors: Benedict Mutinda Kimwaki
Published: November 2022

Early supply involvement is the process of engaging the supplier early enough before the orders are placed to identify the best approaches to use as both parties to meet the customer needs and reduce lead time and waiting time. This paper seeks to establish the influence of early supplier involvement on the supply chain performance of food and beverage processing companies in Kenya. Food and beverage processing companies have been at the stake of declined performance which has mainly been among other reasons as result of continued poor customer satisfaction and increased operational costs. This paper therefore seeks to assess the role played by early supplier involvement in the supply chain performance of these firms. A descriptive survey research approach was used in this study where the target population was 187 food and beverage processing companies in Kenya. A purposive sampling was used to ample 153 food and beverage processing companies in Nairobi. The heads of procurement in these companies were surveyed using a structured questionnaire. The collected data was analysed through descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS. The findings from the study revealed that the involvement of suppliers early in designing the products and sharing with the suppliers the right information on customer specifications early reduce lead time. The study concluded early supplier involvement, process automation had a positive and significant influence of supply chain performance of food and beverage processing companies hence these companies through the management should uphold early supply involvement through sharing information with the suppliers and consulting them when designing and seeking raw materials for the production of customers’ orders. The findings from this study would be significant to the supply chain practitioners, the manufacturing sector in Kenya, the policy makers and the academic and research fraternity.
Bringing Technology Invention Products to the Market
Authors: Pujantiyo Bambang S.
Published: November 2022

Bringing the invention of technology-based research results so that they can be commercialized, is closely related to the synergy of the triple helix Academician – Businessman – government (ABG) collaboration. In Indonesia, it has been done a lot, but it has not been able to have a significant impact. Collaboration is the initial activity of the commercialization process of technological inventions. This process is based on the Randal Goldsmith model which consists of 3 stages; investigation – development – commercialization. In this study, the update is at the development stage or validation stage which includes, production trials, market tests, and selling tests. After being applied in several research institutions, the results were obtained that the invention passed more significantly compared to before. With these results, it can be concluded and recommended that the proposed process method, can be used nationwide
Damage Analysis of Hydraulic Bucket Cylinder on Excavator Komatsu CP-200 At PT. Wiratako Mitra Mulia
Authors: Arianda Riski , Masykur  , Munawir Al , Supardi Joli
Published: November 2022

PT. Wiratako Mitra Mulia is a company engaged in asphalt construction and road repair. At this time PT. Wiratako Mitra Mulia uses several heavy equipment to facilitate the work process, one of the heavy equipment used by PT. Wiratako Mitra Mulia is an excavator which is used for the process of dredging soil, moving materials and leveling the ground. From this, there are several obstacles or problems that occur in the excavator, such as damage to the bucket hydraulic cylinder, in which the bucket hydraulic cylinder has an oil leak, cylinder piston damage and seal leakage, therefore proper and scheduled maintenance is needed so that the damage that occurs to the hydraulic cylinder of the bucket excavator can be minimized so that the work process can run smoothly and do not experience any problems. Therefore, daily, weekly, monthly and yearly maintenance is required. For daily maintenance carried out every day by checking lubricants and performing services, for weekly maintenance inspections are carried out every 60 working hours. For monthly maintenance it is done every 250 working hours and for annual maintenance it is done every 2500 working hours.
Determination of Glaucoma Disease with Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix Features
Authors: ŞAHİN SADIK Evin
Published: November 2022

Glaucoma is a disease that causes an abnormal increase in intraocular pressure and therefore causes permanent damage to the optic nerves. Early and accurate diagnosis of the disease, known as the most "insidious" disease among eye diseases, is important. In this study, glaucoma prediction application was performed from high-resolution fundus photographs taken from an open-source database. Correlation, energy, homogeneity, contrast and entropy features were extracted from the segmented photographs using the gray-level co-occurrence matrix. Extracted features were divided into 66% test and 33% training after taking their average values. A 3-fold cross-validation was applied to the data and a feedback artificial neural network, classification and regression trees algorithm and k nearest neighbor algorithm were trained using 66% of the data. Classification success was also tested with 33% of test data. As a result, glaucoma and healthy individuals were classified with an average of 86.7% accuracy with the k nearest neighbor algorithm, an average of 87.8% accuracy with the decision trees, and an average of 96.7% accuracy with the artificial neural network algorithm. According to the results obtained, it was seen that glaucoma disease could be detected with high accuracy with the gray-level co-occurrence matrix features of glaucoma disease.
Application of Ion Exchange Chromatography in the Development of Technology to Obtain Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine
Authors: Piniaeva A. N. , Kovpak A. A. , Ivin Y. Y. , Sandzhieva S. H. , Shishova A. A. , Tсelykh I. O. , Vasilenko V. E. , Kaa K. V. , Mazhed Zh. H. , Khapchaev Yu. Kh. , Siniugina A. A. , Ishmukhametov A. A.
Published: November 2022

Relevance. The production and quality control of any drugs are strictly regulated. In the case of antiviral vaccines, the requirements for their safety and protective activity are getting tougher every year. Vaccine manufacturers face three tasks: ensuring high immunogenicity, safety and availability of the drug. During the development and production of immunobiological drugs, manufacturers must demonstrate sufficient purification from technological impurities to ensure the purity of the drug. Technological impurities directly depend on the technological process and the expression systems used. The Vero cell line has been widely used in the production of various antiviral vaccines for many decades. Thus, the improvement of technological processes for the purification of vaccine preparations from proteins and DNA of Vero cells is still matter of current interest.

Aims. Selection of resins and reagents for ion exchange chromatography to reduce the amount of technological impurities in the inactivated polio vaccine production.

Materials and Methods. To obtain viral suspensions, producer cultures were infected with poliovirus type 1 (Sabin strain LSc 2ab), type 2 (Sabin strain P712 Ch 2ab), and type 3 (Sabin strain Leon 12a1b). Multiplicity of infection was 0.02 ± 0.01 TCD50/cell. To evaluate the efficiency of ion-exchange chromatography we determined the degree of purification of fractions from ballast proteins, the degree of purification of fractions from residual cellular DNA, and the degree of extraction of the target antigen using specific formulas.

Results and discussion. More than 80 experiments have been performed to purify type 1, type 2, and type 3 poliovirus concentrates using various sorbents. In quality control of purified concentrates of type 1, type 2 and type 3 polioviruses, in addition to analysis for total protein, an analysis was performed for the presence of Vero cell proteins.

Conclusion. The use of the proposed modifications of purification of concentrates of Sabin strains of poliovirus types 1, 2 and 3 using ion exchange chromatography allows to obtain inactivated viral products that meet the requirements of WHO and the European Pharmacopoeia both in biochemical parameters (the content of host-cell DNA and the content of ballast proteins, including host-cell proteins) and specific activity (D-antigen content). Furthermore, additional purification of vaccines using ion exchange chromatography allows to reduce the content of residual cellular DNA to almost zero, which makes the inactivated polio vaccine the most attractive for its inclusion in various combined vaccines.