bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The concept of remote-controlled weapon station for self-propelled mortars
Authors: Živković Aleksandra , Simonović Milan , Dragović Goran , Milovanović Marija , Mitričević Nina
Published: October 2024

This paper aims to contribute to the development of advanced military systems by presenting an innovative algorithm for the efficient operation of RCWS tailored for self-propelled mortars. The design process of a remote-controlled weapon station (RCWS) algorithm for a sophisticated artillery system, specifically a self-propelled mortar, was described. It was highlighted the significance of projectile flight kinematics in the design of a RCWS for artillery systems, delving into the theoretical challenges of targeting with weapon systems. It also analyses the components that make up the RCWS, focusing on the integration and functionality of these elements. Furthermore, examines the self-propelled mortar as a complex artillery system, discussing its purpose and unique characteristics. A key objective outlined is the development of an operational algorithm tailored for RCWS equipped self-propelled mortars, aiming to enhance their efficiency and effectiveness in deployment. The concept of the RCWS for self-propelled mortars, envisaged as a future modern system potentially applicable in the Serbian Armed Forces.
Optimization of single stage planetary gearbox parameters using genetic algorithm
Authors: Sedak Miloš , Rosić Maja
Published: October 2024

Planetary gearboxes are a mechanical devices consisting of multiple gears arranged in a circular configuration around a central sun gear. This layout enables an efficient gearbox with high torque in a compact design, thus making it well-suited for a wide range of industrial and military applications such as industrial motors, rotorcraft, vehicles, wind turbines, and more. However, when it comes to aircraft applications, weight and strength are essential considerations in the design process. Genetic algorithms are used to optimize the parameters of a single-stage planetary gearbox in order to achieve the necessary balance between weight, strength, and performance in aircraft applications. The study focuses on formulating the optimization problem in an appropriate way while also developing constraints that guarantee the effective functioning of the planetary gearbox. In order to effectively address this complex and multimodal constrained optimization problem, this paper suggests utilizing an enhanced genetic algorithm (NSGA-II), which is widely recognized as the most commonly employed evolutionary optimization technique. In comparison with conventional GA algorithm, the numerical simulation results demonstrate that the suggested method exhibits enhanced optimization performance in relation to the quality of the achieved solutions.
A new approach to muzzle climb reduction in assault rifles
Authors: Babić Ranko
Published: October 2024

The paper addresses a crucial problem in assault rifle design and exploitation, the muzzle climb, proposing a new approach which relies on a combination of high-geometry butt stock and a foldable sighting periscopic, which rise the line of sight to anatomically optimal height. A general frame of the issue is given through critical and comparative analysis of main existing assault rifles from this aspect. Also, a sufficiently thorough qualitative review of recoil process, preceeding the climb, is presented in order to identify points and factors where one can intervene to reduce the effect. For both a broad reference list is provided. The solution is illustrated by a detailed design of optical system comprising an integral prism as the basic part, with the sighting openings, provided through several precise drawings, clearly explaining the idea. A few versions of the solution are given. In the conclusion pros and cons of the proposal are discussed.
Perspectives on the development of the artillery branch of the Serbian Army
Authors: Janković Katarina , Komazec Nenad
Published: October 2024

Artillery, as a branch of the Serbian Army, has made significant advancements in technological terms. Modern combat conditions require the synchronization of technological achievements with organizational, personnel, logistical, and operational needs. The introduction of new technological solutions has led to changes in the logic and practice of organizational structures, tactics, development strategies, logistical support, the method of securing combat positioning elements, methods of providing fire support to units, data collection, etc. Thus, the entire system of functioning of the artillery branch must be subject to changes. This paper analyzes the current capabilities and achievements of the artillery branch and the discrepancies relative to technological advancements. Given the ongoing progress in science and technology, it is crucial to analyze the real needs of the branch and the feasibility of their implementation within the temporal and financial dimensions of the Serbian Army.
Analytical and numerical analysis of axial stresses in a high explosive rocket assisted projectile body during its launch
Authors: Stojnović Svetlana , Ferfouri Abdellah , Radovanović Nikola , Pešić Miloš , Manasijević Srećko , Milovanović Vladimir
Published: October 2024

The paper presents analytical and numerical analysis of axial stresses in a novel designed high explosive rocket assisted projectile body during its launch. Classical theoretical approach and finite element method (FEM) were used for this purpose. The novel projectile design is based on the M107 and M549 projectiles, enhancing range and withstanding the barrel pressure from the propellant charges used. The goal of the research is to present that the obtained stresses results, in characteristic cross-sections, founded by the classical theoretical and numerical methods, give good agreement. The obtained results are helpful in a preliminary stage for the design of extended range projectiles. The analysis of axial stresses enables the selection of the rocket motor case material and its mechanical and thermal processing.
Presentation of the use of modern fire control systems and their implementation in infantry units
Authors: Crnogorac Marko , Radovanović Marko
Published: October 2024

The implementation of fire control systems in infantry units represents a significant step towards modernizing and enhancing military operations. Integrating these systems enables infantry units to precisely and efficiently coordinate fire support from air, land, and sea, thereby reducing reaction time and increasing the accuracy of attacks. This paper presents the technology, training, and tactical procedures required for the successful integration of modern fire control systems into the infantry units of the Serbian Armed Forces. The focus is on contemporary tools such as laser rangefinders, advanced radio devices, and GPS systems that allow fire control operators to identify targets and direct fire with minimal collateral damage. Additionally, the paper examines the challenges in implementation, including the need for comprehensive training of infantry units. This study provides guidelines and recommendations for the optimal use of modern tools and fire control systems in operations, emphasizing the importance of technological advancement and coordination within the military system.
Influence of different HMX/RDX contents in composite rocket propellants on the vacuum stability test results
Authors: Fidanovski Bojana , Mijatov Slavko , Krstović Mirjana , Bogosavljević Marica , Dimić Mirjana
Published: October 2024

The stability control system for energetic materials during storage involves testing, which need to ensure their reliable performance and stability over time. Any change in these materials, due to compatibility or stability issues, can cause serious consequences. Therefore, rigorous testing using specific methods is essential during the development and initial testing phases to conform all required criteria. Composite solid propellants based on ammonium perchlorate (AP)/hydroxyterminated polybutadiene (HTPB)/isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), including various contents of octogen (HMX) and hexogen (RDX), have been thoroughly investigated for their chemical stability. To achieve this, a highly effective modern method for testing the stability of pure explosives, explosive mixtures, solid rocket propellants and pyrotechnic mixtures the Vacuum Stability Test was employed. This test based on monitoring changes during gas diffusion, where vacuum conditions provide the highest sensitivity for the quantification of evolved gas, is another requirement for choosing this method within this research.
Unsteady internal ballistic calculation of atypical processes in rocket motor
Authors: Živković Saša , Antonović Saša , Filipović Miloš , Karić Mirko , Karić Marko
Published: October 2024

In the case of an gyro-stabilized artillery rocket projectile, several atypical processes occur during the operation of a rocket motor with a free-standing propellant charge. A high rotation rate is required for the gyroscopic stabilization of the projectile, and consequently the elements of the rocket motor are exposed to significant centrifugal acceleration. Two effects arise as a consequence of rotation. The first effect is that the high centrifugal load in some cases leads to breakage of the propellant charge, and also to deviation from the predicted change of the burning area of the propellant charge. The second effect is the influence of centrifugal acceleration on the combustion process, and the increase in the burning rate of the propellant. Last effect which is considered is the nozzle erosion, which leads to a change in pressure in the combustion chamber. A non-stationary calculation of the pressure change in the combustion chamber was applied, which can successfully model the UB processes in the RM, which was adapted to successfully include the mentioned atypical processes.
Novel instrument for aerodynamic pressure measurements with exchangeable multisensor modules
Authors: Frantlović Miloš , Vorkapić Miloš , Lazić Žarko , Smiljanić Milče , Jokić Ivana , Poljak Predrag , Nešić Dušan , Tanasković Dragan
Published: October 2024

Aerodynamic properties of objects such as aircraft, road and railway vehicles, wind turbines etc. are crucial for their operation, and must be tested during their development. In the case of large stationary objects such as bridges and buildings, aerodynamic effects are also important, and must be assessed. Key equipment for performing aerodynamic tests are multichannel pressure measurement instruments. In this work we present an innovative instrument intended for this purpose, and discuss some important aspects of its development. Main advantages of the instrument are its modularity, which is achieved by means of easily exchangeable multisensor modules, miniature dimensions, which are enabled by the development of specialized chips with multiple monolithically integrated sensing elements, novel hardware architecture capable of synchronous measurement on all pressure channels, and high measurement performance enabled by advanced signal processing. The design of multisensor modules, which consist of the developed chips and accompanying electronic circuitry in a compact sealed enclosure, will be described in more detail.
Case study: Implementation perspectives of end-to-end encryption in military IoT
Authors: Živanović Kristina , Kolašinac Dimitrije , Ivanović Stefan , Mihailov Jovana , Šekler Marija
Published: October 2024

In real-life IoT applications, data protection is a significant challenge, especially in military contexts where data can be hijacked or monitored. This paper focuses on implementing end-to-end security to safeguard data. System includes ArduinoUNO board with a GPS sensor, gathering coordinates of the monitored object, transfering them directly to a client Raspberry PI computer, which is in charge of encrypting the acquired data with a lightweight encryption algorithm, thus preparing it for transport through an unprotected network to the server. Server application receives data from the network, deciphers it and displays it on the map. The main idea is to provide the commander with a complete overview of the area of operation. The server application was developed using Qt Framework, while the client application was developed as a standard C++ console application. Another part of this research was also an Qt compatible C++ implementation of the elliptic curve algorithm suite in a separate library which was used both client and server-side. The system was tested and the coordinates data was successfully displayed on the server side. This system was correctly responding and deciphering data in real time causing negligible delay which does not impact practical usability of the system.
An example of VHF radar signal processing
Authors: Pijević Darko , Ristić Aleksandar , Nikolić Dragan , Ivković Dejan , Radosavljević Zvonko
Published: October 2024

Track While Scan (TWS) radars are generally used in defense systems, which supervise the positions of the target and generate the measurements, scan by scan. They measure a target's coordinates, determine its trajectory, and predict its next location. The selection and adaptation of the technical requirements of the optimal hardware for processing and displaying the radar image is related to several serious challenges, such as the availability and price of components on the market, the type of modulation, frequency agility, shielding from interference, computational complexity of processing, type and technology of the antenna system. In the paper, a complete example of coherent hardware processing (reception and transmission) of signals for VHF band radar is proposed. The proposed hardware generates trigger signals, modulates the transmit signal, transmits via a semiconductor HPA transmitter and then at the reception receives signals in the analog domain, converts them, processes them and displays the radar image on the monitor. The numerical experiments have shown the possibility of signal processing in real time on the selected platform showed the justification of the application.
Portable Raman spectroscopy for detection of ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive precursors
Authors: Dinić Denis , Stojković Branislav , Aksentijević Dijana , Tanić Milan , Ivanković Negovan , Jovanović Nemanja , Anđelković Marko
Published: October 2024

A handheld Raman spectrometer was used as a sensor for the detection of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3, AN), fuel oil (FO), AN-water solutions, and AN-soil mixtures deposited on materials such as glass and tape to simulate the field conditions of explosive detection. AN is an inorganic oxidizing salt that is commonly used in mining explosives. A significant explosive mixture is Ammonium nitrate-fuel oil (ANFO). However, owing to its widespread accessibility, AN-based explosives are also utilized for the manufacture of improvised explosive devices (IEDs). The portable Raman system with a laser operating at 785 nm wavelength is used to analyze simulated sites manipulated with IEDs. Characteristic Raman bands from AN were found at 710 cm-1 and 1050 cm-1 , and 1440-1470 cm-1 for FO. The relative limit of detection of AN in water was less than 0.1%.
The influence of the phase transformation: Fhyd → Fe3O4, occurs during the annealing treatment of sol-gel synthesis, on the absorption properties of the final synthesis product (Fe3O4/C hollow-sphere nanoparticles)
Authors: Nikolić Violeta , Ivić Zoran , Mariano Jose
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we perform a theoretical study of the possible improvement of the absorption properties ( ) of the sample consisting of Fe3O4/C hollow sphere nanoparticles, prepared by sol-gel method. In order to achieve proposed goal, we examine the impact of the phase transformation of the sample, occurred during the annealing treatment. It was found that the presence of the Fhyd → Fe3O4 phase transformation, occurred during the thermal treatment process, decreases the absorption power of the final synthesis product. Accordingly, we considered ways to mitigate the effects of phase transformation as a mean of improving absorption efficiency. For this purpose, we propose a theoretical framework that relies on a simple quantum mechanical Hamiltonian. We suggest that the absence of the Fhyd → Fe3O4 phase transformation, could improve the absorption properties of the final sample (Fe3O4/C).
Preliminary investigation of bamboo fibre metallization via chemical/electrochemical methods
Authors: Mladenović Ivana , Nešić Dušan , Obradov Marko , Vorkapić Miloš , Vuksanović Marija , Nikolić Nebojša , Vasiljević-Radović Dana
Published: October 2024

In this study, the multifunctional potential of conductive textile fibres based on natural bamboo metalized with chemical/electrochemical deposits and copper particles/layers was investigated. The synthesis was done in three steps: pre-treatment of nonconductive textiles; chemical deposition of Cu particles by the cyclic dipping method; and obtaining conductive bamboo fibres using the electroplating method. The Cu layer was electrodeposited galvanostatically on bamboo from the sulphate electrolytes without wetting agents. To tighten the textile bamboo cloth, a frame designed using 3D printing was used because immersing the textile in the electrolyte and during drying causes wrinkles and creases, which affect the non-uniform distribution of both conductive particles and the thickness of the copper metallization layer. Characterized by SEM and optical microscopy, the chemical and electrochemical depositions of Cu around the bamboo fibres were confirmed. The particles filled the micro spaces between the bamboo fibres and on the surface of the fibres and made the network. This network between nonconductive fibre-conductive nano particles and a conductive Cu layer contributes to increasing the electrical conductivity of the synthesized multifunctional composite. The electroplating of Cu in the form of a compact layer as shells contributed to the trapping of Cu particles on the bamboo fibres themselves, so they are not removed after washing.
Microstrip DC-block on textiles using only self-adhesive copper tape
Authors: Nešić Dušan , Tanasković Dragan , Vorkapić Miloš
Published: October 2024

Self-adhesive copper tape with non-conductive glue is used for DC-block on textiles. As capacitance, overlapping of copper strips was used, and the dielectric is the non-conductive glue of the strips. Two overlapping lengths were realized and measured. Due to the specificity of the textile, especially when worn, the cases of flat structure and when it is in S-shape were measured. The structure is easy to put on and take off and does not damage the textile. By easily correcting the length of the overlap, the range of impervious lower frequencies can be changed.
Determination of natural background radiation in an urban area as an aspect of nuclear security detection architecture: An example from the City of Kruševac, Serbia
Authors: Tanić Milan , Dinić Denis , Stupar Stevan
Published: October 2024

The potential consequences of a nuclear security event could be catastrophic; therefore, all appropriate measures should be taken to prevent them. Detection, as one of nuclear security's functions, involves recognizing criminal or unauthorized acts with nuclear security implications, or measurements indicating the unauthorized presence of nuclear or other radioactive material at associated facilities, activities, or strategic locations. Determining natural background radiation in advance for such locations can certainly enhance the effectiveness of nuclear security detection architecture. In this research, measurements of natural background radiation were conducted at 324 points evenly distributed throughout the City of Kruševac, Serbia, including locations and objects most vulnerable to exploitation by potential adversaries. The ambient dose equivalent rate was determined using a handheld radioisotope identification device based on scintillation gamma spectroscopy and mapped using geostatistical software. The measured dose rates fell within the expected ranges for Serbia, as well as for the broader region and worldwide. No orphan sources were detected. Statistical tests indicated a significant difference in dose rate values between paved and unpaved urban surfaces. Furthermore, the most common false positives in radioisotope identification were ascertained. It is concluded that utilizing the methodology applied in this work for collecting readings and spectra on natural background radiation proved to be a cost-efficient means of facilitating the assessment of alarms or alerts, as well as detecting the presence of suspicious or unauthorized nuclear or radioactive material in the environment.
Selective electrodeposition to extract cobalt and nickel from leaching solution
Authors: Mitterecker Jonas , Košević Milica , Mihailović Marija
Published: October 2024

Leaching solutions of complex ore concentrates are reach in different elements, some hindering the extraction of others. Chemically similar elements are difficult to extract using conventional separation methods. Electrochemical techniques are employed for Co and Ni selective extraction out of so-called pregnant leaching solution (PLS). Selective electrodeposition using chronoamperometry (CA) as a tool was used to extract cobalt and /or nickel from the solution. Besides different ions depositing at applied cathodic potential, hydrogen evolution reaction also occurs, which can impede deposition of the desired metals. Previous Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) analysis of prepared model solutions at different pH values, and upon H2O2 addition, was conducted. The removal of metal ions from the solution, can be performed with adjusting the pH and applied potential (E), so their combination in electrochemical hydro-extraction for Ni and Co is investigated. It has been demonstrated that Fe can be separated from Ni and Co through Fe precipitation in the pH range of 3-6, followed by the electrochemical extraction of Ni/Co.
Corrosion of 42CrMo4 steel in marine environment using SEM/EDS analysis
Authors: Nedović Stanica , Alil Ana , Martinović Sanja , Volkov-Husović Tatjana
Published: October 2024

Many steels are used in specific environments, while one of these is maritime applications. High-strength 42CrMo4 steel finds numerous applications in the marine industry, including shaft parts, crankshafts, connecting rods, drilling joints, pump parts, steam turbines, and salvage equipment. In order to provide performance reliability in the marine environment, it is essential to study the corrosion resistance of surfaces of 42CrMo4 steel components and parts. The steel's behavior is typically evaluated in a synthetic NaCl solution, which is prepared as a standard substitute for seawater. This paper is focused on the behavior of the steel samples under corrosion conditions in NaCl solution. The level of sample surface degradation which is caused by the corrosion over a 4-month exposure period was evaluated using SEM/EDS analysis. The mass loss increased during the testing period, following an almost linear model in all time periods.
Corrosion properties of low-carbon steel welded joint in synthetic sea water environment
Authors: Bučko Mihael , Jovanović Milan , Perić Sreten , Lazić Dragana , Marinković Jelena , Radovanović Radovan
Published: October 2024

In this study corrosion properties of welded joint of low carbon steel were tested. The welded joint was made using S355JR steel by the metal inert gas technique (MIG welding process). Corrosion properties of used base metal (BM) and welded joint were investigated by the electrochemical techniques including open circuit potential, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization. All tests were conducted in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. The obtained results show that the lowest corrosion rate is present on the welded joint surface. This interesting result may be explained by the difference in the chemical composition of welded joint and base metals. Namely, the carbon content is the lowest in the welded joint, and consequently, the density of cathodic sites is the lowest in this area, as compared to the base metal parts.
Review on graphite plugged bronze bushings
Authors: Alsammarraie Amir , Zaidan Maki , Aljboury Ali
Published: October 2024

The purpose of lubricating contacting surfaces is to lower wear and friction by adding a layer of low shear strength or separating the surfaces with a fluid coating. While adhering a lubricating solid to a worn surface can be done in a variety of ways, the end effect is always the same: in practically dry conditions, a low friction medium is deposited to minimize wear and friction between two relatively moving surfaces. Graphite is mechanically pressed under extreme pressure into a bearing's grooves to form graphite filled bearings. High loads may be handled by this material, and the graphite acts as self-lubricant. This kind of bearing offers a self-lubricating, maintenance-free bearing solution and operates well in high temperatures. This study seeks to present an extensive review of the mechanisms, performance, drawbacks, and possibilities for productivity and environmental sustainability of graphite-plugged bronze bushings used in machining.
Impact of active filler composition modification on the sorption characteristics of filters
Authors: Mihajlović Biljana , Ilić Marina , Marković Tatjana , Grković Vukica
Published: October 2024

To expand the protection range of filters against industrial chemical agents, with a focus on carbon monoxide, beyond the protection offered by the existing M3 and CBRN filters, a new alternative filter, named CO CBRN ESC Filter, was developed with a modified active filler composition. In accordance with defined requirements and existing equipment, the laboratory testing was conducted to evaluate the effect of the modified active filler composition in the CO CBRN ESC Filter on the sorption characteristics, specifically regarding protection against NBC agents and industrial toxic chemicals. The CO CBRN ESC Filter contains a dual-component active filler, consisting of a layer of activated carbon impregnated with calcium chloride salts and a layer of hopcalite, which is a mixture of copper and manganese oxides.
Effect of tempering parameters on microstructure and hardness of a low alloy armor steel
Authors: Jovanović Gvozden , Glišić Dragomir , Dikić Stefan , Salem Ahmed , Radović Nenad
Published: October 2024

The final stage of heat treatment that gives high hardness to armor steels its final structure and characteristics is tempering after quenching. The precipitation of carbides from the supersaturated solution is influenced by the tempering regime selected. The steel used in this work was a low alloy quenched and tempered steel (commercial name "PROTAC"), with following chemical composition: 0.32 wt.% C, 0.44 wt.% Mn, 0.98 wt.% Cr, 3.09 wt.% Ni, 0.43 wt.% Mo, 0.019 wt.% Nb, 0.003 wt.% Ti, 0.035 wt.% V. The samples were tempered at various temperatures between 200 and 500°C for varying periods of time after being quenched in oil at 925°C. The samples were examined using hardness testing, scanning electron microscopy, and light microscopy. The highest value of hardness of 430 HV was obtained after tempering at 300°C for 15 min. Due to the comparatively short tempering duration, this result was attributed to the precipitation of coherent and semi-coherent ferrous carbide particles rather than alloying element carbides. After reaching the maximum value of 430 HV hardness drops with further increase of temperature. The increase of hardness by prolonged tempering time was higher at 300°C than at 200°C.
Analysis of results obtained during calibration of force transducers
Authors: Goršić Igor , Antonović Saša , Brnin Violeta , Gundelj Saša
Published: October 2024

This paper demonstrates difference between results obtained during calibration of force transducers using standard method, which includes "warm up" of transducer before starting calibration, according to ISO 376 and calibration which does not include "warm up". Transducers were calibrated with dead weight machines Schenck Df-0.2 and DF-1.0. Paper will show is there significant difference between these two methods.
Coordinate metrology data management of machine parts made by metal additive manufacturing
Authors: Živković Srđan , Malbašić Slobodan , Stepanović Miloš
Published: October 2024

The rapid development of Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies has further highlighted the importance of coordinate metrology in the entire production process. AM often equivalent with reverse engineering (RE) and rapid prototyping (RP) in which the role of coordinate metrology is crucial. All AM technologies require (more or less) machine finishing operations, so coordinate metrology play key-role to production quality management. The paper will present two cases from practice: The first example is RE of the individual machine part that requires a higher scope of machining after production on 3D_Print machines. The results of coordinate metrology are a key starting point of machining of complex spatial shape. Another example is the fast processing of the results of the optical (contactless) coordinate metrology of points cloud of mass production of turbine blades. The mathematical model was tested on the optical measurement results of the turbine blades produced by PBF-LB/M (Powder Bed Fusion-Laser Beam/Metal). The developed mathematical method is easily applicable to the serial production of aircraft turbine blades made with precise casting or forging.
Reliability of artificial intelligence
Authors: Pokorni Slavko
Published: October 2024

The goal of this paper is to show the importance of reliability for artificial intelligence (AI), which is in nowadays applying in almost every area of human life. Everything can fail, and AI is not an exception, as any other product or devices. AI also need to be reliable. The definitions of AI, reliability and some reasons for unreliability such as quality of data, small or insufficient number of training and test data, training on unreal data, nature of learning algorithms and user incompetence are analysed in this paper.
The role of intellectual capital reporting in the process of supply chain integration of the Military Technical Institute
Authors: Savić Aleksandar , Ranisavljević Mihajlo , Mihajlović Milan
Published: October 2024

The Military Technical Institute (MTI) is the largest military scientific and research institution in the Republic of Serbia. It mainly realizes its supply chain from the approved budget funds of the Republic of Serbia, while a smaller part is realized from its own revenues. Her continuous work to improve non-financial performance within the supply chain as well as motivate employees to manage their supply chain integration (SCI) initiatives requires intellectual capital (IC) tracking and reporting. Analysis and reporting on IC in MTI can be done within the human, organizational and social dimensions of IC. This paper will examine the role of IC reporting and examine its impact on SCI in MTI. The aim of the paper is to determine that the monitoring and reporting of IC affects the process of SCI in MTI.
Risk management in industrial security in the field of production and trade of weapons and military equipment
Authors: Komazec Nenad , Janković Katarina , Mladenović Milica
Published: October 2024

The production of weapons and military equipment represents an industrial sector that is advancing exceptionally quickly. Progress is being made in technological, personnel, and economic aspects. This rapid advancement is accompanied by technological processes, personnel selection, and results that, in many cases, exceed the real business conditions. Additionally, industrial capacities for the production of weapons and military equipment are an interesting "object" to various interested parties, in both positive and negative contexts. The risks generated in the process of producing weapons and military equipment are of a hybrid nature and can create opportunities or conditions for negative events. Industrial security recognizes the need for risk management in the production process of weapons and military equipment and materializes it through industrial security plans. Risk management in industrial security is a prerequisite for the effective prevention of events, from business disruptions to accidents with the most severe consequences. Industrial security based on risk management presupposes the production process of weapons and military equipment under conditions of acceptable risks.
The new method for solving gamma-gamma, X-X, X-gamma coincidence summing in gamma spectroscopy
Authors: Jordanov Dragana , Nađđerđ Laslo , Rosić Milena
Published: October 2024

New challenges in gamma spectroscopy came with the development of experimental techniques. The new germanium detectors have an extended detector sensitivity to lower energies-BEGe (broad energy HPGe), which allows the efficient detection of X-rays generated in the processes of electronic capture and internal conversion at the same time as gamma radiation. In addition to the previous gamma-gamma, this type of detector has an additional X-X and X-gamma coincidence summation, which further complicates the problem of deconvolution of the energy spectrum. By considering and analyzing previously developed methods, a deterministic method was developed for deriving the counting rate for gamma spectra, which allows us to predict all summation peaks that occur in the spectrum. We devised a method for calculating coincident effects in gamma spectroscopy that is applicable to all radionuclides regardless of the degree of complexity of the decay scheme. This approach also allows us to determine the activity of sources directly without calibration of the detector, which is very important in metrology of radionuclides. Accordingly, based on the value of the peak area in the spectrum and knowledge of probability transitions between excited states of a nucleus, it is possible to determine the efficiency of detection together with the activity of radioactive sources. Our work also includes the successful application of the new method to radionuclides used in real experiments such as radionuclides 139CE, 57Co, 133Ba and 152EU.
Practices and Challenges of School-Based Feeding Program of Opol West District
Authors: Wabe Maria Elaine Lou P. , Pontillas Pepa V. , Comon Jovit D.
Published: October 2024

The study examines the implementation of school-based feeding programs in the Opol West District for the 2023-2024 school year, focusing on practices and challenges. It aims to profile respondents, assess the level of practices and challenges, explore the relationship between these levels, and analyze differences in challenges based on respondent profiles. Using a descriptive survey approach, the study involved 162 class advisers managing feeding program beneficiaries, employing statistical tools like frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation for descriptive analysis, and Pearson-r and ANOVA for inferential analysis. The findings reveal that the feeding program was highly practiced, though challenges were identified, necessitating enhancements for better effectiveness and sustainability. A significant correlation was found between the level of practices and challenges, with differences in challenges based on respondent profiles, such as age, teaching experience, and position. The study concludes that addressing challenges, particularly in resource inventory, is crucial for the program's efficiency and sustainability. To improve the program, the study recommends that teachers pursue higher education, engage in workshops, and foster stakeholder involvement, parental participation, clear communication, and targeted resource allocation, alongside advanced staff training.
Talent Management in the Age of Digital Disruption: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Sinulingga Gairah , Gunawan Adriani , Wibowo Ugung Dwi Ario , Rina Rina , Aprilia Hani Damayanti
Published: October 2024

The rise of digital disruption has fundamentally transformed the landscape of talent management, presenting both challenges and opportunities for organizations. This article examines how businesses are adapting their talent management strategies to cope with the rapid advancements in technology, such as artificial intelligence, automation, and the growing prominence of remote work. The study explores the challenges posed by digital disruption, including the widening skills gap, the need for continuous reskilling, and the increasing competition for top talent in a globalized workforce. On the other hand, digital tools also offer opportunities for organizations to enhance their talent acquisition, development, and retention processes. The use of data analytics and AI-powered recruitment tools, for instance, allows for more efficient and data-driven decision-making in hiring and workforce planning. Furthermore, the integration of learning management systems and virtual collaboration tools facilitates employee development and enables organizations to foster a more agile and adaptable workforce. The article presents case studies from various industries, demonstrating how companies are leveraging digital solutions to overcome talent management challenges while embracing opportunities for growth and innovation. The findings suggest that organizations that prioritize digital transformation and align their talent management strategies with technological advancements are better positioned to thrive in an increasingly competitive and digital-first world.
From Illegal Annexation to Illegal Occupation: The Missing Link in the Reasoning of the International Court of Justice
Authors: Zemach Ariel
Published: October 2024

The Court’s determination that Israel’s annexation policies render its continued presence in the West Bank unlawful finds no basis in the international prohibition against the use of force. Moreover, the Court’s determination circumvents the Law of State Responsibility that determines the consequences of Israel’s unlawful annexation policies.
Privatization for whom?
Authors: Petras Maximilian
Published: October 2024

Almost every contribution to the symposium shows that it is not possible to import LPE positions from the US without friction. At the same time, an LPE Europe research agenda exists that is theoretically sound and embedded in a concretising practice. This could be used to reorganise important social infrastructures in a stable, climate-friendly and innovative way.
Navigating Darkness
Authors: Bossow Anja , Bredler Eva Maria , Bönnemann Maxim
Published: October 2024

On the relational potential of legal discourse
Rapid analysis method of helicopter fuselage bullet damage based on bullet penetration theory
Authors: Xiaobing Xing , Jianfeng Tang , Yuxiao Yang , Tian Yu , Lingjun Yu , Rui Wu
Published: October 2024

Helicopter fuselage has a complex shape and structure. Numerical simulation analysis of helicopter fuselage bullet damage based on the finite element method is computationally intensive and takes a long time. It is difficult to quickly analyze and evaluate helicopter fuselage bullet damage in a complex multi-bomb environment. To this end, the bullet penetration theory and the bullet impact calculation model were coupled to establish a rapid analysis method for helicopter fuselage bullet damage, and the accuracy of the rapid analysis method was verified by comparing with test results and finite element numerical simulation results. Then the helicopter fuselage bomb coordinates, residual speed and fuselage damage area of the multi-bomb strike were studied. Research shows that the residual velocity calculated by the rapid analysis method is consistent with the test results; compared with the finite element numerical simulation of bullet damage, the maximum error of the projectile residual velocity calculated by the rapid analysis method is 4.7%, and the maximum error of the fuselage damage area is 9.56%, and the calculation time is reduced 92.1%. Computational efficiency is significantly improved. As the incident angle of the projectile increases, the residual velocity decreases and the damage area increases; when the incident angle of the projectile is too large, the projectile cannot penetrate the surface of the fuselage, causing sink-like sliding damage, causing a larger area of damage.
ALEVİLİK ÜZERİNE NİTEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA: BAYBURT ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Oğuz Elif , Erbay Adem , Kalkan Rıfat , Özpolat Doğukan
Published: October 2024

Alevilik denildiğinde yeknesak bir toplum düşünülmesine rağmen birçok şehre ve bölgeye
yayılmış Aleviliğin, birbirinden farklı düşüncelere sahip olduğu araştırmalar sayesinde gün
yüzüne çıkmaktadır. Kültürü ve inancı yaşayan ve yaşatan kesimlere yönelik çalışmalar
hem özgünlük yönünden hem de pratikteki yansımaları görebilmek açısından oldukça önem
taşımaktadır. Bayburt nüfusunun çoğunluğunu Sünnî-Hanefî kesim temsil etmekte, küçük bir
kısmını ise Aleviler oluşturmaktadır. Bayburt’ta yaşayan Aleviler bilimsel çalışmalara konu
olmamıştır. Bu çalışma ile Bayburt ilinde bulunan sekiz Alevi köyünde yaşayan insanların
Alevi inancıyla kültürel ve toplumsal bağlarının ortaya konulması, Sünnî halk ile iletişim
biçiminin değerlendirilmesi ve gelecek kuşaklara inancın aktarılması gibi pek çok soruya
cevaplar aranmıştır. Yöntem olarak nitel araştırma metodu, mülakat tekniği kullanılmıştır. Bu
bağlamda Bayburt’ta bulunan Alevi köyler ziyaret edilmiş, buradaki insanlarla gerçekleştirilen
mülakatlarla dinî yaşam, inanç ve kültürlerine dair bilgiler katılımcılardan elde edilmiştir.
Çalışmamızda mülakat tekniğine uygun olarak Alevilerin tecrübeleri, kendilerini nasıl
yorumladıkları, dünyalarını nasıl inşa ettikleri, deneyimlerine nasıl bir anlam yükledikleri
anlamlandırılmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda Bayburt’taki Aleviliğin yalnızca ziyaretgâh
gibi yerlerde dua edilen, ibadet ve erkândan kopulan, yeni nesillere aktarımında oldukça
sorunlar barındıran bir durumda olduğu, kültürün ve inancın yok olma riskiyle karşı karşıya
kaldığı tespit edilmiştir
The Analysis of Stunting Implementation Policy in Tegal Regency
Authors: Rosyida Melina , Kushandajani Kushandajani , Herawati Nunik Retno
Published: October 2024

Tegal is a regency with the highest stunting prevalence in toddlers in Central Java with a percentage of 22.3% in 2022. Currently, the regency has become the prioritized locus of stunting intervention in Indonesia. Tegal regency government issued the Regent Rule of Tegal Number 4 in the Year 2023 about the Communication Strategy of Behavioral Changes in Lowering Stunting Prevalence in 2023 - 2026 as the prevention and effort of decreasing the stunting rate. This research revealed the implementation of stunting prevention policy in Tegal by applying the exploratory implementation model of George Edward III, Marilee S. Grindle, and Mazmanian & Sabatier based on the triangular perspective of policy analysis.  This descriptive qualitative research describes a variable orally from the respondents and the doers by observing them. The researchers collected the data by interviewing, documenting, and promoting the literature study. The researchers also interviewed the Health Agency of Tegal and Public Health Care of Kedungbanteng district. The results showed that the applied policy met the regulation in terms of local government and local apparatus organization, OPD, with collaboration and effort to realize inter-sectoral cooperation from regency to village levels. The concrete step in preventing stunting includes the provision of nutritionist teams at Kedungbanteg Public Health Care and the establishment of a police center to prevent stunting prevalence. The results were - gaining the top 99 awards of Public Service Innovation in 2023 by the Ministry of State Apparatus Utilization and Bureaucratic Reform. However, the researchers found hindrances in distributing stunting prevention at most pubic health care units in Tegal. They had not applied the concrete steps and had to improve the human resources by joining training for the cadres so they could use the measuring tool of stunting for toddlers.
New taxonomical, distributional, and ecological data on the Helicodontidae (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata) of Crete (Greece)
Authors: Mylonas Moisis , Maroulis Leonidas , Vardinoyannis Katerina
Published: October 2024

Until now, the family Helicodontidae has been represented in Crete by two genera, Lindholmiola Hesse, 1931 and Helicodonta A. Férussac, 1821, with one species each, H. wilhelminae Maassen, 1991 and L. barbata (A. Férussac, 1821). We studied for the first time the reproductive system of H. wilhelminae and reclassify this species as Lindholmiola wilhelminae comb. nov. We present further details on its distribution and ecology and discuss the observed differences between recent and old shells. Based on the rich alcohol and shell materials in the Natural History Museum of Crete, we observed an impressive inter- and intra-population variability within L. barbata. The shells vary in form and size; small shells are associated with ecological factors and large shells with the northern part of Lefka Ori, the high mountains in western Crete. The reproductive system variation exceeds the limits of L. barbata species and confuses the species-specific characters of the genus, indicating the need for a new revision.
Co-operative education in Malawi: An interview with John Mulangeni
Authors: Ross Cilla , Gicheru Esther
Published: October 2024

This interview was conducted via Zoom with John Mulangeni, Executive Director of the Malawi Federation of Co-operatives (MAFECO), during our 2023 Co-operative Education Workshop. The aim of the workshop was to gather content for this special issue of the Journal of Co-operative Studies. MAFECO is the umbrella body for co-operatives in Malawi, providing “aid in teaching, regulating, and maintaining co-operatives across the nation” (MAFECO.org). John has worked for over 30 years in the Malawi co-operative movement, including in the Ministry of Trade and Industries. He is a committed co-operative educator, and expert in the co-operative economic sector.
A method for making and extracting amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) in specific regions of interest (ROI) of macaque
Authors: Li Jing
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aimed to develop a method for delineating regions of interest and extracting amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) values from specific brain regions using the macaque brain atlas to enhance analysis specificity and accuracy. Methods: The INIA19 template was utilized to create a hippocampal mask, following which the ALFF in the hippocampus was derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data obtained from three macaques. Results:Bilateral hippocampal and region-specific masks were successfully generated. Analysis of low-frequency amplitude values revealed significant differences in activity levels between the left and right hippocampi, CA1, CA2 regions. Specifically, the left hippocampus, CA1, and CA2 regions exhibited higher amplitude activity compared to their right-sided counterparts. Conversely, no significant differences were observed between the left CA3 and right DG regions and their contralateral counterparts. Conclusions: Implementing the production and extraction of ALFF values in specific brain regions facilitates a deeper understanding of brain activity complexities and offers novel insights into brain functional networks in cognitive neuroscience.