bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geometric Inequalities for Warped Products in Riemannian Manifolds
Authors: Chen Bang-Yen , Blaga Adara M.
Published: April 2021

Warped products are the most natural and fruitful generalization of Riemannian products. Such products play very important roles in differential geometry and in general relativity. After Bishop and O’Neill’s 1969 article, there have been many works done on warped products from intrinsic point of view during the last fifty years. In contrast, the study of warped products from extrinsic point of view was initiated around the beginning of this century by the first author in a series of his articles. In particular, he established an optimal inequality for an isometric immersion of a warped product N1×fN2 into any Riemannian manifold Rm(c) of constant sectional curvature c which involves the Laplacian of the warping function f and the squared mean curvature H2. Since then, the study of warped product submanifolds became an active research subject, and many papers have been published by various geometers. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive survey on the study of warped product submanifolds which are closely related with this inequality, done during the last two decades.
Dirac’s Formalism for Time-Dependent Hamiltonian Systems in the Extended Phase Space
Authors: Garcia-Chung Angel , Gutiérrez-Ruiz Daniel , Vergara J. David
Published: April 2021

Dirac’s formalism for constrained systems is applied to the analysis of time-dependent Hamiltonians in the extended phase space. We show that the Lewis invariant is a reparametrization invariant, and we calculate the Feynman propagator using the extended phase space description. We show that the Feynman propagator’s quantum phase is given by the boundary term of the canonical transformation of the extended phase space. We propose a new canonical transformation within the extended phase space that leads to a Lewis invariant generalization, and we sketch some possible applications.
The Long-Term Impact of Rotavirus Vaccines in Korea, 2008–2020; Emergence of G8P[8] Strain
Authors: Kim Kwang gon , Kee Hye-young , Park Hye jung , Chung Jae Keun , Kim Tae sun , Kim Min Ji
Published: April 2021

This study evaluated the long-term impact of rotavirus vaccination on prevalence, seasonality, and genotype distribution in Gwangju, Korea for 13 seasons. Rotavirus was identified using ELISA and then sequenced for G and P genotypes by Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reactions for diarrhoeagenic patient specimens from local hospitals between January 2008 and August2020. Of 26,902 fecal samples, 2919 samples (10.9%) were ELISA positive. The prevalence declined from 16.3% in pre-vaccine era to 5.4% in post-vaccine era. In the pre-vaccine period, G1P[8] was the most common genotype, followed by G2P[4], G3P[8], and G9P[8], etc. In the transitional period, the proportion of G2P[4] became the dominant genotype and G1P[8] was still commonly identified. In contrast, the novel genotype G8P[8] was predominant in the post-vaccine period. Meanwhile, G2P[4] and G8P[8] were major genotypes in both Rotarix and RotaTeq groups. The substantial decline of G1P[8] prevalence, reemergence of G1P[8], G3P[8], and G2P[4] rotavirus strains, and surge of the rare G8P[8] after vaccine introduction were interesting points to note. The continuous surveillance on the genotypes of RV will be needed to understand rotavirus epidemiology and their evolutionary patterns, as caution is required when interpreting temporal changes in RV genotype dynamic.
Association and heritability of traits of milk productivity and blood in the dairy cows
Authors: Gritsenko S. A. , Sadyrtdinova Yu. R.
Published: April 2021

Numerous studies have shown that there is a certain association between the biochemical parameters of blood and milk. It is of big practical importance to determine the heritability of traits involved in the selection process, which gives breeders the opportunity to choose the direction of selection for the fastest solution of the tasks. The purpose of the researches was to establish the association between the indicators of the biochemical composition of milk and blood in the dairy cows, as well as to determine the heritability of the studied traits. It has been found in the course of researches that in most cases the correlations between the biochemical parameters of blood and milk were insignifi cant and unreliable. It can be seen that there is a slight correlation between the main indicators of blood and milk, which should be taken into account by breeders when conducting breeding to improve the quality of milk. The highest regression association has been observed between the content of carotene, calcium and phosphorus in blood and milk. If you increase these indicators in the blood by the corresponding unit, their content in milk will also increase by 0,90, 0,31 and 0,42, respectively. The heritability of milk productivity traits in most cases was at medium and low levels and ranged from 0,03 to 0,66 (straight-line correlation method) and from 0,03 to 0,44 (straight-line regression method). The heritability of hematological traits in most cases was at an average level and ranged from 0,14 to 0,98 (straight-line correlation method) and from 0,11 to 0,76 (straight-line regression method). The total protein content in the blood (h² =0,98 и 0,76) and the number of monocytes (h² =0,82 и 0,60) depended more on the genotypic features of the animal. The average level of heritability coeffi cients has been observed in the blood content of total lipids, phosphorus, eosinophils, young neutrophils, and lymphocytes.
Diagnosis of subacute rumen acidosis in cows in the postpartum period when using digital technologies
Authors: Pavkin D. Yu. , Vladimirov F. E.
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the research was to determine the corelation between pH and temperature of the contents of the rumen and abomasum in the fi rst 10 days after calving and to evaluate these factors as prognostic signs for the diagnosis of subacute acidosis in cows. The temperature and pH of the rumen contents have been measured by using special boluses made for monitoring the physiological state of cattle. The temperature and pH of the abomasum contents have been measured by using abdominal cannulation. Before the study the selected cows were clinically examined in accordance with the general plan and were completely healthy. Clinical signs of acidosis (diarrhea, loss of appetite, and weak rumination) have been not detected. The average concentration of somatic cells count in the milk of the studied cows was 250±32 thousand/ml and the urea content in the milk was at the level of 25±4 mg/%. Boluses were placed orally in the rumen of the cows under study. In 7 cows, readings have been taken 2 times per day for 10 days (at 9 am and 9 pm). A total of 140 measurements have been made. A negative correlation has been observed between pH of the rumen contents and its temperature. Consequently, an increase in the acidity (decrease in pH) of the rumen content increases its temperature. A positive statistically signifi cant correlation has been established between the temperature of the rumen content and rectal temperature. By measuring the temperature of the contents of the rumen, it is possible to prevent the appearance of subacute rumen acidosis in cows.
Factor de reducción de respuesta en la norma COVENIN 1756-2001 para edificaciones de acero
Authors: Cavallin Andrea , Doumat Georgette
Published: April 2021

Actualmente el diseño de las estructuras ha evolucionado y su comportamiento impredecible, lo que ha ocasionado que los criterios de modelado estructural sean exigentes. En la investigación, se estudian ocho (8) edificaciones modeladas en acero estructural, con una configuración de sistema rigizador, conformado por la disposición de arriostres en forma de V y V invertida. El objetivo fue comparación del factor de reducción de respuesta (Factor R) propuesto por la normativa nacional vigente COVENIN 1756-2001 y el calculado para los modelos propuestos, mediante la aplicación de un análisis no lineal con empuje incremental (Pushover). De este análisis se obtienen los valores de ductilidad requerida para cada edificación, dato que se procesa a través de las fórmulas propuestas para el cálculo del Factor R por ductilidad. Destaca de los resultados arrojados, que dicho factor es de menor magnitud que los propuestos por la norma, esto se debe a que el diseño de las edificaciones se ve condicionado por el desplazamiento lateral de piso, lo que significa que las secciones de los elementos estructurales son elevados y, requieran ductilidades bajas para su desempeño óptimo ante eventos sísmicos de magnitud similar al propuesto por el estudio.
Implementasi Sistem Pencarian Wisata Menggunakan Tour Talk Share (TTS) Berbasis Android Pada Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Rismayani Rismayani , Wahyuni Sri , Patasik Madyana , Iskandar Iskandar , Asnany Sitti
Published: April 2021

Sulawesi Selatan adalah sebuah provinsi di Indonesia yang terletak di bagian selatan Sulawesi dengan ibu kotanya adalah Makassar yang memiliki banyak tempat – tempat wisata yang sangat menarik. Selama ini telah banyak aplikasi ataupun halaman website yang memperkenalkan tempat – tempat wisata di provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, namun hanya dapat menampilkan penjelasan tempat wisata dan lokasi saja dalam bentuk maps. Adapun permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah terdapat beberapa sistem yang digunakan namun masih terbatasnya ruang lingkup wisata yang hanya ditujukan pada satu kabupaten atau kota madya saja, kemudian bagaimana memanfaatkan fitur Chatting, Sharing, dan Video dalam aplikasi pencarian wisata, selanjutnya bagaimana membantu para wisatawan untuk saling berkomunikasi dalam melakukan perjalanan wisata yang ada di provinsi Sulawesi Selatan dan bagaimana merancang sistem pencarian wisata menggunakan Tour, Talk, Share berbasis mobile android di provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang sistem pencarian objek wisata pada provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, membuat sebuah sistem dengan penambahan fitur chatting, fitur sharing, dan fitur seperti kemampuan menonton video yang berguna dalam pencarian objek wisata dan dapat saling berkomunikasi serta untuk mengimplementasikan sistem Tour, Talk, Share dengan teknologi android dalam perjalanan wisata untuk membatu wisatawan. Metode dan teknologi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah mobile android, mobile adalah sebuah benda yang berteknologi tinggi dan dapat bergerak tanpa menggunakan kabel dan android adalah sistem operasi berbasis Linux yang dirancang untuk perangkat bergerak layar sentuh seperti telepon pintar dan komputer tablet. Adapun hasil penelitian adalah dengan mengimplementasikan sistem wisata Tour Talk Share (TTS) berbasis mobile android pada provinsi Sulawesi Selatan maka dapat membantu para wisatawan untuk mendapatkan informasi wisata yang lebih detail dengan fitur yang lebih lengkap.
Algebraic Supports and New Forms of the Hidden Discrete Logarithm Problem for Post-quantum Public-key Cryptoschemes
Authors: Moldovyan Dmitriy , Al-Majmar Nashwan , Moldovyan Alexander
Published: April 2021

This paper introduces two new forms of the hidden discrete logarithm problem defined over a finite non-commutative associative algebras containing a large set of global single-sided units. The proposed forms are promising for development on their base practical post-quantum public key-agreement schemes and are characterized in performing two different masking operations over the output value of the base exponentiation operation that is executed in framework of the public key computation. The masking operations represent homomorphisms and each of them is mutually commutative with the exponentiation operation. Parameters of the masking operations are used as private key elements. A 6-dimensional algebra containing a set of p3 global left-sided units is used as algebraic support of one of the hidden logarithm problem form and a 4-dimensional algebra with p2 global right-sided units is used to implement the other form of the said problem. The result of this paper is the proposed two methods for strengthened masking of the exponentiation operation and two new post-quantum public key-agreement cryptoschemes.
Mathematics subject classification: 94A60, 16Z05, 14G50, 11T71, 16S50.
Automatic Topics Segmentation for News Video by Clustering of Histogram of Orientation Gradients Faces
Authors: Hmayda Mounira , Ejbali Ridha , Zaied Mourad
Published: April 2021

TV stream is a major source of multimedia data. The proposed method aims to enable a good exploitation of this source of video by multimedia services social community, and video-sharing platforms In this work, we propose an approach to the automatic topics segmentation of news video. The originality of the approach is the use of Clustering of Histogram of Orientation Gradients (HOG) faces as prior knowledge. This knowledge is modeled as images which governs the structuring of TV stream content. This structuring is carried out on two levels. The first consists in the identification of anchorperson by Single-Linkage Clustering of HOG faces. The second level aims to identify the topics of news program due to the large audience because of the pertinent information they contain. Experiments comparing the proposed technique to similar works were carried out on the TREC Video Retrieval Evaluation (TRECVID) 2003 database. The results show significant improvements to TV news structuring exceeding 96 %.
MANAJEMEN RISIKO KEBIJAKAN INFRASTRUKTUR PEMBANGUNAN DI INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SUMATERA
Authors: Azis Rifky Febrihanuddin
Published: April 2021

Percepatan kebijakan pembangunan infrastruktur di Institut Teknologi Sumatera memiliki potensi risiko sehingga diperlukannya manajemen risiko. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana manajemen risiko kebijakan pembangunan infrastruktur di Institut Teknologi Sumatera. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksplanatoris konkruen dengan pendekatan mixed methods. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan memberikan kuesioner kepada 45 responden dan melakukan wawancara kepada 6 informan. Hasil dari penelitian ini risiko signifikan berdasarkan aspek technical feasibility yaitu sebuah kebijakan dapat berjalan jika pelaksana dapat memahami kebijakan yang sudah disahkan sebesar 56.6% artinya risiko sedang, pimpinan beserta pelaksana memiliki banyak metode dalam implementasi kebijakan sebesar 65.5% artinya risiko tinggi, institusi mendapat dukungan dari pihak masyarakat dan civil society sebesar 53.5% artinya risiko sedang. Risiko signifikan berdasarkan aspek political viability yaitu sebuah kebijakan dapat berjalan jika pelaksana dapat memahami kebijakan yang sudah disahkan sebesar 49.4% artinya risiko sedang, pimpinan beserta pelaksana memiliki banyak metode dalam implementasi kebijakan sebesar 46.6% artinya risiko sedang, perselisihan antara institusi dengan kontraktor sebesar 62.7% artinya risiko tinggi, institusi mendapat dukungan dari pihak masyarakat dan civil society sebesar 59.4% artinya risiko sedang. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa risiko dapat dimitigasi dengan melakukan sosialisasi, koordinasi dan komunikasi antar pihak.

Kata Kunci : Percepatan Pembangunan, Analisis Risiko, Manajemen Risiko
EVALUASI DESAIN JALAN KOTA BARU LAMPUNG MENURUT KAIDAH-KAIDAH PENGEMBANGAN WILAYAH BERWAWASAN LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Sero Zulkarnain
Published: April 2021

Abstrak: Pengembangan suatu kawasan haruslah memikirkan keberlanjutan suatu kawasan tersebut baik itu dari faktor ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan. Kota Baru Lampung sebagai kawasan pengembangan pusat pemerintahan Provinsi Lampung sangatlah perlu dikembangkan sebagai kawasan yang berwawasan lingkungan. Jalur hijau jalan merupakan bagian lansekap di area ruang milik jalan (rumija) yang mempunyai fungsi keselamatam dan kenyamanan pengguna jalan, penunjang kegiatan edukasi, rekreasi dan konservasi, estetika dan identitas kawasan serta menjadi pembentuk karakter suatu kota. Fungsi tanaman pada lanskap jalan adalah untuk mengurangi paparan cahaya matahari langsung dan lampu kendaraan, sebagai pengarah, pembatas fisik, mengendalikan pergerakan, mengontrol iklim mikro, dan habitat satwa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi area ruang milik jalan (rumija) sebagai jalur hijau jalan dari fungsi estetika, kenyamanan dan keselamatan, mendesain ruang milik jalan (rumija) yang sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku serta memperhatikan dari pada prinsip-prinsip pembangunan jalan berkelanjutan, Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi, diperlukan beberapa hal yang merupakan interpretasi terhadap informasi (data) hasil evaluasi, sebagai berikut: 1.) Pengembangan suatu kawasan baru haruslah menerapkan prinsip - prinsip pembangunan jalan berkelanjutan agar dapat dampak-dapak negative dari pembangunan suatu kawasan dapat diminimalisir. 2.) Kondisi ruang milik jalan (rumija) dan perencanaan masterplan Kota Baru perlu dievaluasi untuk memenuhi standar jalan yang berwawasan lingkungan yang disyaratkan minimal ruang terbuka hijau (RTH) Publik 20%, dengan menerapkan kaidah-kaidah pembangunan jalan yang berwawasan lingkungan. 3.) Konsep desain ruang milik jalan yang berwawasan lingkungan selayaknya di implementasikan dan dikembangkan dalam setiap pengembangan suatu wilayah.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI ASAM FORMIAT DAN WAKTU REAKSI PADA PROSES DELIGNIFIKASI METODE ORGANOSOLV DARI LIMBAH BATANG PISANG (Musa Parasidiaca)
Authors: Tami Ancas
Published: April 2021

Limbah batang pisang merupakan salah satu biomassa terbesar di Indonesia yang memiliki kandungan lignoselulosa yang cukup tinggi yaitu selulosa 59%, lignin 10%, dan hemiselulosa 18%. Delignifikasi merupakan proses pemisahan ikatan selulosa dengan lignin dan hemiselulosa. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan proses delignifikasi limbah batang pisang dengan metode organosolv dimana pelarut yang dipakai ialah asam formiat dengan konsentrasi 60%, 70%, 80% - berat dan katalis H2O2 5%-berat pada suhu 1000C selama 120, 150, dan 180 menit. Kemudian dilakukan analisis kadar lignoselulosa dan dikarakterisasi dengan uji FTIR dan SEM. Dari hasil analisis setelah proses delignifikasi, pelarut asam formiat dapat memisahkan ikatan lignoselulosa, didapatkan yield selulosa terbaik dengan menggunakan pelarut asam formiat 70%  dengan waktu 180 menit didapatkan kadar selulosa sebanyak 59,55%.
Institutionnaliser la francophonie : une longue quête de sens enfin résolue par le gouvernement français ?
Authors: Turpin Frédéric
Published: April 2021

Si la France est aujourd’hui un pilier incontestable – et incontournable - de l’Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF), cette vocation fut longue à se dessiner. L’État français a longtemps brillé par son refus puis ses réticences à l’encontre de la création d’une institution de coopération intergouvernementale à vocation politique qui serait fondée sur une langue en partage. Le propos vaut tout particulièrement pour le général de Gaulle qui, dans le cadre de sa politique d’indépendance nationale, entendait faire de la langue française un outil de la diplomatie culturelle de la France. En témoigne notamment son attitude lors de la création de la première organisation intergouvernementale de la francophonie : l’Agence de coopération culturelle et technique. Ses réserves ne se sont pas démenties au cours des décennies suivantes. Et tout au long de la création progressive de l’OIF, la France a systématiquement privilégié le secrétariat général et d’autres opérateurs, comme l’AUF et l’AIMF, à l’Agence internationale de la Francophonie ex-ACCT, montrant une constante défiance à son encontre. Cette attitude et sa constance à travers plusieurs décennies interpellent le chercheur qui travaille sur les processus d’institutionnalisation de la francophonie. La France étant au cœur de la francophonie, n’aurait-elle due pas naturellement être le principal moteur de sa construction institutionnelle ? Ses fortes réserves trouvent leur justification dans les conceptions et les moyens de la puissance française héritée du général de Gaulle. Elles peuvent également s’expliquer par le rapport singulier des dirigeants français à leur langue. Le contexte linguistique de l’Hexagone est celui d’une appropriation instinctive qui banalise le français et rend peu audible la notion de francophonie.
Cultural diplomacy 2.0: The example of Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Anh Thu
Published: April 2021

Le succès culturel de la Corée du Sud est une preuve : la culture n’est plus un domaine exclusif des puissances traditionnelles dans la conquête d’influence. Elle constitue également un moyen que les pays émergents et en développement utilisent pour atteindre leurs objectifs. Pour évaluer ces diplomaties culturelles, l’Institute for Cultural Diplomacy (ICD) et Nation Brand Index (NBI) ont proposé des paramètres qualitatifs et quantitatifs. Le Vietnam déploie cette politique au service de son développement socio-économique. Il se sert également de sa participation dans des organisations internationales dont l’Organisation internationale de la Francophonie comme levier de sa diplomatie culturelle.
La Chinafrique en contextes académiques : Questionnements sur une rencontre non prévue et non aboutie avec la francophonie
Authors: Bel David
Published: April 2021

Les relations entre la Chine et le continent africain sont de plus importantes de nos jours, notamment au point de vue académique. La langue française est d’une manière ou d’une autre présente dans ces relations : mobilité d’étudiants africains francophones vers la Chine, mobilité de jeunes diplômés chinois francophones vers l’Afrique, installation d’Instituts Confucius dans des pays africains francophones […]. Dans cet article, une réflexion est proposée sur cette rencontre non prévue, d’une certaine manière non souhaitée, dans tous les cas non aboutie, entre d’un côté la Chinafrique en contexte académique et, de l’autre, la francophonie.
Splendeurs et problèmes des chefs traditionnels des territoires du centre-sud au lendemain de la Grande Guerre
Authors: Etoa Oyono Georges
Published: April 2021

Après la défaite de l'Allemagne au Cameroun, la Société des Nations(SDN) accorda des mandats à la France et à la Grande Bretagne, sur la base du Traité de Versailles du 28 juin 1919. Dans l’historiographie de cette après Grande guerre, il n’est pas assez mis en relief les splendeurs et problèmes qu’avaient connus les autorités traditionnelles dans leurs fonctions entre 1914 et 1918. De façon générale, cette contribution tente de clarifier les rôles et responsabilités des différents acteurs en particulier celles des chefs traditionnels dans l’installation de la France dans les territoires du Centre et du Sud camerounais.
L’impact de la participation des femmes élites dans les conseils d’administration sur le risque de liquidité et la performance : cas des entreprises tunisiennes
Authors: El Mehdi Imen Khanchel
Published: April 2021

L’objet de cet article est d’étudier l’impact de la participation des femmes élites au sein du conseil d’administration sur le risque de liquidité et la performance des entreprises. En nous basant sur un échantillon de 35 entreprises non financières cotées à la bourse de Tunis sur la période 2009 à 2017, nous concluons que la participation des femmes permet de réduire le risque de liquidité et d’améliorer la performance des entreprises.
Analyse des réseaux dans un contexte de rapports linguistiques complexes : typologie, mode de gouvernance et effets
Authors: Paulin Christine C.
Published: April 2021

À partir d’une étude empirique, l’article explique la relation entre les caractéristiques des réseaux de politique publique dans le contexte de rapports linguistiques complexes, de l’ingénierie et de la mise en œuvre des instruments délibératifs utilisés pour accompagner le processus de formulation des politiques publiques. Ainsi, nous démontrons d’une part que la variable linguistique influe sur les réseaux (leur mode de gouvernance et de financement). D’autre part, nous illustrons que la capacité d’influence décisionnelle des réseaux francophones et bilingues n’est pas la même dans un milieu où la conjoncture linguistique s’organise autour de la reconnaissance de plus d’une langue officielle (au niveau du design et de la mise en œuvre des instruments délibératifs et du processus décisionnel).
THE MARKETING OF ALL THINGS
Authors: Carrero Márquez Oliver
Published: April 2021

In a context marked by a changing reality, where technology bursts in with increasing force and business models are increasingly disruptive, the university and marketing are faced with the challenge of adapting to future groups of professionals to the new demands. It is a text that tries to combine all the aspects that come together in the material and human development of a society that transfers the demand for a highly personalized treatment and that puts endless data, derived from their daily routines, collected thanks to the Internet of Things and that allows differentiating new lover profiles, paradoxically from their intimacy and who prefer to be identified by their psychological age and not by their numerical age. A point of view for which universities must be prepared and go further, since they must focus on the internationalization and social inclusion of workers, in light of the concepts of training and freedom.

Resumen
En un panorama marcado por una realidad cambiante, donde la tecnología irrumpe cada vez con mayor fuerza y los modelos de negocio cada vez son más disruptivos, a la universidad y al marketing se les presenta el reto de adaptar a las futuras hornadas de profesionales a las nuevas demandas. Se trata de un texto que trata de aunar todas las vertientes que confluyen en el desarrollo material y humano de una sociedad que traslada la exigencia de un trato muy personalizado y que pone al servicio de los especialistas en marketing un sinfín de datos, derivados de sus rutinas diarias, recabadas gracias al Internet of Things y que permite diferenciar nuevos perfiles amantes, paradójicamente de su intimidad y que prefieren ser identificados por su edad psicológica y no por su edad numérica. Un punto de vista para el que las universidades deben estar preparadas e ir más allá, ya que deben poner el foco en la internacionalización e inclusión social de los trabajadores, a la luz de los conceptos de capacitación y libertad.
A SEGMENT STUDY OF MORAL CRISIS ON SOCIAL MEDIA AND ONLINE USING THE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLICATION: A WAKE-UP CALL
Authors: Ab Hamid Nor ‘Adha , Mat Rashid Azizah , Mat Nor Mohd Farok
Published: April 2021

The development of science and technology is always ahead and has no point and seems limitless. Although human beings are the agents who started this development but eventually faced with a bitter situation which can sacrifice human moral, right and interest of our future. Shariah criminal offenses nowadays can not only occur or be witnessed by a person in a meeting physically with the perpetrator. As a result of technological developments, such behavior can occur and can be witnessed in general by larger groups. Although the illegal treatment which is not in accordance with sharia law and the moral crisis issues happening surrounding us and is rampant on social media, no enforcement is done on perpetrators who use social media medium. According to sharia principles, something that is wrong should be prevented and it is the responsibility of all Muslim individuals. But what is happening today, some Shariah criminal behavior, especially in relation to ethics, can occur easily using facilities technology driven by technological ingenuity. If the application of existing legal provisions is limited and has obstacles for enforcement purposes, then the problem needs to be overcome due to development the law should be in line with current developments. The study aims to identify a segment and cases of the moral crisis on social media and online using the artificial intelligence (AI) application and to identify the needs for shariah prevention. This thesis uses qualitative approaches, adopts library-based research, and, by content analysis of documents, applies the literature review approach. The findings show that the use of social media and AI technology has had an impact on various issues such as moral crisis, security, misuse, an intrusion of personal data, and the construction of AI beyond human control. Thus, the involvement and cooperation of various parties are needed in regulating and addressing issues that arise as a result of the use of social media and AI technology in human life.
Treatment of Iron from Groundwater by Ozonation: Influence of Hardness as a Scavenger
Authors: Sukmilin Apiradee , Sangsirimongkolying Ratsamee
Published: April 2021

This study assesses the efficiency of using ozone technology to treat iron from groundwater while hardness acts as a radical scavenger. Batch experiments were conducted to determine the effects of initial pH 6, 7 and 8, and hardness of 300, 400 and 500 mg L-1 and kinetic analysis. The optimum conditions were found to be initial pH of 8 and hardness of 300 mg L-1. The removal efficiency of iron by ozonation was 99.97%, which was higher than that of air without ozone applied (83.67%). However, the presence of hardness and tert-butanol (TBA) had a negative effect on the oxidation of iron from groundwater. By increasing the carbonate hardness concentration, the oxidation rate of iron by ozone was reduced. The results of kinetic analyses indicated that the reactions of ozonation to remove iron from groundwater followed a pseudo-first order kinetic model with a rate constant of 0.0881 min-1, while air without ozone applied (aeration) was 0.0051 min-1. This finding suggests the potential use of ozone to remove iron from groundwater. Iron concentration from groundwater samples treated by ozonation have met the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines (0.3 mg L-1).
Veteriner Sahada Güncel Mikrobiyota Kavramı
Authors: KÜLLÜK Emre , DALGIN Duygu
Published: April 2021

Mikrobiyota; canlı vücudunda başlıca, gastrointestinal sistem, deri, solunum sistemi, ürogenital sistem gibi hayati sistemlerde bulunan, bakteri, virus, mantar ve arkeleri ifade eder. Mikrobiyotanın genomu, canlı genomundan 1000 kat daha fazla gen dizilimi içerir. Mikrobiyotanın vücutta enerji metabolizması, hepatik fonksiyonlar, immün sistem gelişimi, motor sistem ve endokrin fonksiyonları üzerine etkileri vardır. Mikrobiyota kompozisyonu; diyet, antibiyotik kullanımı, stres gibi faktörlerden dolayı bozulabilmektedir ve mikrobiyotanın bu dengesinin bozulmasına “disbiyozis” denir. 2007 yılında daha sonraki araştırmalara ışık tutacak olan İnsan Mikrobiyom Projesi faaliyete geçirilmiş ve insan mikrobiyotasının özelliklerinin belirlenmesinde büyük önem taşımıştır. Çiftlik ve pet hayvanlarında yapılan çalışmalar henüz yenidir. Çiftlik hayvanlarında verim özelliklerinin artmasında, yemden yararlanmanın maksimum düzeyde tutulabilmesinde, süt yağının artışında mikrobiyotanın çok önemli bir rolü vardır. Pet hayvanlar, özellikle de köpekler ilk çağlardan beri insanoğluna eşlik edip, insanlarla hem yaşam alanını hem de mikrobiyotasını paylaşmaktadır. Evcil hayvan varlığının hem yetişkinler için, hem de özellikle yeni doğan çocukların mikrobiyota gelişiminde büyük bir rolü olduğu ve astım, alerjik rinit, atopik dermatit gibi alerjik hastalıkların görülme oranını azalttığı kanıtlanmıştır. Veteriner sahada mikrobiyota çalışmaları dünyada henüz son yıllarda çalışılmaya başlanmış olup, gün geçtikçe daha fazla araştırma yapılmaktadır ve hala araştırılmayı bekleyen birçok konu bulunmaktadır.
Development of Diagnostic Quantitative Real-Time PCR for Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae
Authors: MÜŞTAK İnci Başak , KOLUKIRIK Mustafa
Published: April 2021

Avian mycoplasmas are associated with respiratory disease, synovitis, poor quality of day-old chicks and poor performance. The main approach used for the diagnosis of avian mycoplasmas is isolation and identification of the microorganism. Since the bacteria are slow growing fastidious organisms, conventional methods are time consuming, laborious and require experienced personnel. For this reason, we aimed to develop a rapid detection method for Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). For this purpose, the lipoprotein (lp) and variable lipoprotein hemagglutinin (vlhA) genes were used to detect M. gallisepticum and M. synoviae, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) of the assay was determined to be 100- 101 DNA/µl from artificially contaminated swab samples. The specificity and sensitivity ratios were 100%. Overall, these results indicate that this qPCR method can be accurately used for detection of MG and MS.
Yaban Hayvanlarında Antikoagülan Rodentisitler ile Zehirlenmeler
Authors: TOKUR Orhan , AKSOY Abdurrahman
Published: April 2021

Antikoagülan rodentisitler kemirici mücadelesinde sık kullanılmaktadırlar. Tuzak yem formunda uygulanan bu maddeleri kedi, köpek gibi evcil hayvanlar ya da serçe, güvercin gibi kuşlar kazara tüketerek zehirlenebilirler. Bu durum primer (birincil) zehirlenme olarak isimlendirilir. Baykuş, tilki, çakal gibi avcı yaban hayvanları ise genellikle kemiricileri avlayarak beslenir ve tuzak yemlere ilgi göstermezler. Tuzak yemi tüketen kemiriciler anormal davranışlar sergiler; kaçış dürtüsü ve hareket kabiliyeti azalarak genellikle birkaç gün içerisinde ölürler. Böylece avcı hayvanlar tarafından kolaylıkla yakalanabilirler. Ancak kemiricinin karaciğerinde biriken antikoagülan rodentisitler avcı canlıyı da etkileyerek zehirlenmesine sebep olabilmektedir. Bu durum ise sekonder (ikincil) zehirlenme olarak isimlendirilir. Bu derlemede, hayvanlarda antikoagülan rodentisit zehirlenmeleri ile ilgili literatürde bildirilmiş veriler değerlendirilerek antikoagülan rodentisit kullanımından kaynaklanabilecek risk faktörlerini, özellikle yaban hayatı açısından aktarmak amaçlanmıştır. Değerlendirilen birçok çalışmada, Amerika, Avrupa ve Avustralya’nın çeşitli bölgelerinde yaşayan evcil ve yaban hayvanlarında hem primer hem de sekonder antikoagülan rodentisit zehirlenmesi bildirilmiş; ülkemizde ise yaban hayvanlarında antikoagülan rodentisit zehirlenmelerinin araştırıldığı herhangi bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır.
Analisis konsumsi serat dengan intensitas kejadian konstipasi pada lansia
Authors: Romli Leo Yosdimyati , Wulandari Yulia Fitri
Published: April 2021

Lansia memiliki kecenderungan untuk mengonsumsi makanan yang mengandung sedikit serat, sehingga kurang dalam asupan serat. Konsumsi serat yang rendah memicu munculnya gangguan konstipasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis keterkaitan konsumsi serat dengan instensitas kejadian konstipasi pada lansia.

Desain penelitian ini yaitu cross sectional dengan populasi semua lansia di Desa Ngrandulor Peterongan Jombang dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 34 responden yang diambil dengan purposive sampling. Variabel penelitian ini adalah konsumsi serat dan intensitas kejadian konstipasi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan peneliti dengan menggunakan kuesioner sebagai intrumen penelitian pada kedua variabel. Analisis data hasil penelitian dilakukan dengan uji Korelasi Spearman’s rho.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi serat pada responden sebagian besar adalah tidak mengkonsumsi dengan baik yaitu sebanyak 24 responden (70,6 %) dengan kejadian konstipasi pada responden hampir separuh dari responden mengalami konstipasi dengan intensitas tidak pernah yaitu sebanyak 15 responden (44,1 %) dan intensitas jarang yaitu sebanyak 14 responden (41,2 %). Berdasarkan analisis hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa p-value (0,002) < α (0,05) maka artinya ada hubungan konsumsi serat dengan intensitas kejadian konstipasi.

Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumsi serat berhubungan dengan intensitas kejadian konstipasi pada lansia. Konsumsi nutrisi yang cukup mengandung serta merupakan kunci utama dalam melakukan pencegahan terhadap kejadian konstipasi selain aktifitas fisik yang cukup serta managemen stress pada lansia.
Liforme Instravagante: a comida como representação do poder no sertão nordestino brasileiro
Authors: Dutra Elisa Paraguaçu Feitosa , Miranda Raquel Ferreira , Batista Donizete Aparecido , Oliveira Tatiana Coura , Abranches Monise Viana
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho analisou a música "Liforme Instravagante" coletada da tradição oral, adaptada do ritmo coco para o baião e, regravada em 1963 por Luiz Gonzaga do Nascimento. A canção revela as representações e a construção do imaginário social atribuídas à comida. A metodologia utilizada está ancorada nos dispositivos teórico-metodológicos da análise do discurso, segundo Bakthin. A canção popular manteve vínculo com a modalidade oral do português brasileiro e não passou pelo processo de “higienização” que consiste em apagar os traços de oralidade e substituí-los por construções mais próximas da modalidade escrita. "Liforme Instravagante" exibe as práticas alimentares e o modo de organização da sociedade sertaneja nordestina, revelando o poder do coronel, evidenciado durante a festa de São João, por meio da oferta de um banquete composto por comidas típicas daquela região. À medida que a música descreve a fartura, revela a pobreza e a escassez de um povo. Por essa razão, o ato de comer deve considerar não somente o aspecto biológico, mas também o entrelaçamento das perspectivas sócio-política, simbólica, identitária e cultural.
Comida como afeto, conforto e refúgio: entendendo o ato de comer em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Santos Miriam de Oliveira , Borges de Souza Juliana
Published: April 2021

O objetivo deste ensaio é refletir sobre os significados da comida e suas funções em um contexto de distanciamento social. Nosso referencial empírico são as classes médias das grandes cidades brasileiras, em especial do Rio de Janeiro, que com o distanciamento social e a quarentena, passaram a cozinhar muito mais que habitualmente, estabelecendo um novo padrão para as suas refeições. Por outro lado, principalmente por razões econômicas, muitas pessoas começam a encontrar dificuldades em manter sua dieta diária, resultando em insegurança alimentar. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa documental nos meios de comunicação social, subsidiada por uma revisão bibliográfica e complementada por uma pesquisa no aplicativo WhatsApp. O ensaio divide-se em três partes: na primeira contextualizamos o problema, na segunda apresentamos o referencial teórico e na terceira apresentamos exemplos e depoimentos que nos permitem traçar um panorama desse novo contexto de alimentação em tempos de pandemia de COVID-19. Concluímos que, nesse novo contexto, as pessoas estão mais voltadas para o comfort food, e que o preparo da comida continua sendo uma tarefa majoritariamente feminina, mesmo nos casos em que os homens estão em casa.
Tensiones y resistencias en tiempos de Covid-19 en Guatemala: el papel de las organizaciones sociales
Authors: Arévalo Caridad Julia Arely , Rodríguez Rojas Johanna Elizabeth , Velásquez Estrada Maritza , De León Juárez Edgar Antonio , Osorio Figueroa Cristian David
Published: April 2021

Guatemala es un país con profundas desigualdades e inequidades históricas y la tasa más alta de desnutrición de América Latina. La llegada del COVID-19 puso a prueba la capacidad de respuesta del Estado. Las organizaciones sociales han sido importantes para garantizar el acceso a condiciones de vida dignas a diversos grupos poblacionales como personas de situación de calle, mujeres trabajadoras del hogar y comunidades mayas. Este relato de experiencia tiene como objetivo visibilizar como las disposiciones gubernamentales no consideraron grupos vulnerables y el papel fundamental de las organizaciones sociales en ese contexto. Se presentan las experiencias del Movimiento de Jóvenes de la Calle, el Comedor Solidario Fe en San Pedro la Laguna y la Asociación de Trabajadoras del Hogar a Domicilio y de Maquila. Desde el comienzo de la pandemia en el país fue necesario readaptarse para llevar a cabo sus actividades de forma ininterrumpida, algunas cuyo trabajo era de incidencia pasó a ser de apoyo directo. Cada una de estas organizaciones cuenta con una perspectiva más amplia del cuidado que el Estado fue incapaz de considerar. Su experiencia demuestra la necesidad de revalorizar y dignificar la vida en comunidad, la participación social y las relaciones entre género, etnia y sexo.  Esto debería tener implicaciones para la formulación de políticas públicas de forma participativa con equidad de género y pertinencia intercultural.
Glórias e inglórias do confinamento: notas sobre alimentação, consumo e suas práticas em Lisboa (Portugal)
Authors: Lucas Joana
Published: April 2021

A 19 de Março de 2020 foi decretado o estado de emergência nacional em Portugal, em resposta à pandemia de COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2), o que levou a população a um confinamento obrigatório durante cerca de mês e meio (19 de Março a 2 de Maio de 2020). Ao longo deste período, e na impossibilidade de se realizarem outras deslocações, os supermercados e pontos de abastecimento alimentar foram os únicos lugares de encontro e de contacto social. Aqui, daremos conta da observação feita em alguns destes locais, e das reflexões que elas suscitaram, a partir de pequenas etnografias de supermercado.
A comida nos desnuda na pandemia
Authors: Lemos Solange Mayumi
Published: April 2021

Narrativa sobre a comida em tempos de pandemia.
Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional da população brasileira em tempos de pandemia: a quem se destina a ciência da Nutrição?
Authors: De Oliveira Karen Hofmann , Soares Carla Elisa Santana , Lima Joyce Naiara de Paiva
Published: April 2021

No contexto da pandemia causado pela COVID-19, o campo da nutrição colocou em evidência alguns conhecimentos como a produção de alimentos imunoprotetores, alimentação saudável e manual de boas práticas de higienização dos alimentos. Por outro lado, nos perguntamos: a população tem acesso aos alimentos? Nesse sentido, este trabalho caracteriza-se como um ensaio que visa refletir sobre esta pergunta, analisando barreiras encontradas pela população brasileira para o acesso a alimentação no contexto da pandemia. A dificuldade de acesso à alimentação adequada irá influenciar negativamente no consumo alimentar. Portanto, é necessário avaliar todos os fatores que norteiam o acesso à alimentação, sendo eles econômicos, políticos, sociais e estruturais, considerando a importância das medidas governamentais urgentes  para garantir o direito básico à alimentação. Já existem documentos sugerindo estratégias de combate a fome neste cenário de pandemia, sendo as principais ações a criação de renda básica para a população vulnerável, estímulo a produção de alimentos por parte da agricultura familiar; proporcionar às regiões periféricas o acesso a esses alimentos e a criação e fortalecimento de políticas que visem garantir o Direto Humana a Alimentação Adequada para toda a população.
SARS-COV-2 pandemic: the food insecurity and social inequalities in Brazil
Authors: Caetano Camila Carla da Silva , Oliveira Lívya Alves , Nogueira Ana Teixeira , Pena Lindomar José , Della Lucia Ceres Mattos
Published: April 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in the most severe global public health crisis in the last century. SARS-CoV-2 emerged in China in December 2019, and since then, it has been quickly spreading around the world. After Europe and North America, the virus has arrived in Latin America. Among the developing countries, Brazil has been the most affected by the pandemic causalities, which is a concern, since social and economic disparities may favor its severity. In an attempt to reduce virus transmission, public health measures have been implemented by the states, despite the lack of assistance from the Brazilian federal government. Implementing social distancing and hygiene measures have not been possible, mainly due to the unfavorable social conditions of economically vulnerable people. Thus, the pandemic is exposing the evidence of social inequalities in the country, which in turn deepens the public health crisis. Here, we discuss evidence from relevant topics that are influencing the course of the pandemic in Brazil, including food insecurity, social aspects and public health political issues. The pandemic has exposed the need for maintaining and improving the social care and food security of vulnerable groups as well as the harm of ignoring them. Thus, more effective mitigation measures must be thought and applied in Brazil to improve the handling of this pandemic and the next ones.
Descripción y valuación de los Value Recovery Rights de los bonos Brady a la par y a descuento
Authors: Díaz de León Carrillo Alejandro
Published: April 2021

Los bonos Brady emitidos por el Gobierno Mexicano en 1990, como producto de la renegociación de la deuda externa, contemplan el pago de derechos contingentes a los ingresos por exportaciones petroleras. Estos derechos son conocidos como "Value Recovery Rights" (VRRs) y contemplan pagos trimestrales entre junio de 1996 y diciembre del 2019. Debido al comportamiento reciente de los precios del petróleo, el valor de estos derechos ha cobrado mayor importancia. El objetivo del presente trabajo es describir y valuar los mencionados VRRs a través de la teoría de opciones. El valor de los VRRs es considerable, a finales de mayo de 1997 oscilaba alrededor de 32,000 dólares por millón de VRRs, que en la actualidad en su conjunto equivalen a aproximadamente 900 millones de dólares, a lo cual corresponde un rendimiento porcentual adicional para los bonos a la par de entre 3.01% y 3.45% y para los bonos a descuento de entre 4.64% y 5.30%. El valor de los VRRs responde al comportamiento de los precios del petróleo en el futuro y a los volúmenes de exportación. Por ello, si se busca reducir el costo de la deuda pública, el Gobierno podría llevar a cabo diferentes alternativas de recompra de bonos Brady en función de sus expectativas sobre la evolución de los precios y volúmenes de exportación de petróleo que se tenga proyectado.
Photonic RF signal processors with integral order based on Kerr micro-combs
Authors: Moss David
Published: April 2021

Soliton crystal micro-combs are powerful tools as sources of
multiple wavelength channels for radio frequency (RF) signal processing. They
offer a compact device footprint, large numbers of wavelengths, very high
versatility, and wide Nyquist bandwidths. Here, we demonstrate integral order
RF signal processing functions based on a soliton crystal micro-comb, including
a Hilbert transformer and first- to third-order differentiators. We compare and
contrast results achieved and the tradeoffs involved with varying comb spacing,
tap design methods, as well as shaping methods.
A Haymarket Khozhdenie na osliati: Raskolnikov’s Donkey Walk and the Failures of Iconic Performativity
Authors: Scollins Kathleen
Published: April 2021

In sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Moscow, Orthodox priests and celebrants reenacted Christ’s entry into Jerusalem on Palm Sunday in a ritual known as the Donkey Walk (Khozhdenie na osliati). Art historian Alexei Lidov has interpreted this reenactment as a “spatial icon,” in which city and inhabitants co-create a dynamic, living “Entry into Jerusalem” icon. This paper reexamines the final chapters of Dostoevsky’s Crime and Punishment within the context of this ritual, arguing that Raskolnikov’s attempted act of penitence at the Haymarket represents a failed Donkey Walk, in which the city and its inhabitants resist the anticipated transformation, suggesting the impossibility of iconic performativity in Peter’s profane city.