bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AN ETHNOGRAPHIC EXPLANATION OF THE CHANGING LIVELIHOOD OF AGRO-PASTORAL COMMUNITIES IN SINDH, PAKISTAN
Authors:   University of Florence, Italy, Rustamani Kashif
Published: January 2022

The question of the agro-pastoral economy is un-scrutinized within the academic discourse of Pakistan. These communities rely on herding and subsistence agriculture, the former playing a significant role in the socio-economic aspects of life. The late twentieth century marked an era of revolutionized technologies that touched the ground of developing countries, the best-known example is the green revolution. Before the green revolution, most parts of southern Sindh relied on rainwater to cultivate food crops with rudimentary technologies. The modes of production were comprised of livestock and pastoralism. The market-based economic intervention was only gaining roots. Presently, in the region specifically, rains per year have become scarcer, underground water resources such as tube wells are also disappearing. The paper questions that how the climate changes in the locale of study have resulted in a change in economic activities and the social lives of agro-pastoral communities. The present study is an attempt to document, and inform about the social change, to reach a wider level of audience and scientific community. This research is based on empirical evidence. The techniques are more similar to those used in anthropology or ethnology. Data collection and fieldwork are conducted in Southern Sindh known as Wahi Pandhi, which is located in the Dadu district of Sindh. The main economic activity of the area is agriculture and pastoralism. The geography and mode of livelihood in the region are found to be unique in terms of economic, socio-political, and cultural aspects. It not only gives us a vantage point to understand the livelihood of the agro-pastorals, but also puts us in a position to form a better policy for these communities. The present study will provide basic policy recommendations to help these communities which are marginalized by their way of subsistence and location in the country. Keywords: Agro-pastoral communities, ethnography, livelihoods, Sindh, Pakistan
FROM FOLK TO POPULAR: THE EVOLUTION AND DIFFUSION OF TRUCK ART IN PAKISTAN INTO MAINSTREAM CULTURE THROUGH FASHION INDUSTRY
Authors:   Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Kazmi Sana Munir , Rahman Ghani-ur- ,   Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad
Published: January 2022

In this study an analysis is carried out of how Truck Art- an indigenous art form of Pakistan, made its way to popular culture in the form of decorative motifs and items being used in fashion, clothes, and other décor items. The diffusion of truck art into day to day objects can be seen as a cultural shift where one form of art gains popularity by masses to be incorporated in other objects to be enjoyed by masses. This research deals with aesthetic representation of outfitters decorated with truck art styles by focusing on how such styles and articulation of cultural aesthetics add to them in everyday lives. Using a purposive sampling technique, this research gathered data from fashion designers and owners of different apparel brands to explore the motivation and reasons of truck art diffusion. This research illuminates the fact that truck art is not only a form of art, but it also is a platform for the depiction of one’s cultural heritage; hence it has gained popularity not only among artists but also amongst the general public. Thus, this art form flourished and gained popularity amongst masses through its portrayals in different fashion and other consumer items. The study implies that art can be used as a strong medium to bring a change in the society because of its strong influence, and at the same time it can be used to promote cultural industries of Pakistan at global level. Keywords: Fashion, truck art, fashion industry, visual culture, Pakistan.
EXPLORING COVID-19 VACCINE ACCEPTANCE AND HESITANCY DETERMINANTS
Authors:   Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Zahra Tauheed , Faiz Farhan Ahmad ,   Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Ahmed Farrah ,   International Islamic University Islamabad
Published: January 2022

The World Health Organization recognizes vaccine related myths and conspiracies as the world's top threat to public health safety, particularly in low middle-income countries. The current study aims to explore the beliefs of the general public towards the vaccine acceptance and the hesitancy. The study explicates the COVID 19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy determinants through an in-depth qualitative approach. A total of 30 male and female millennials from different education backgrounds were interviewed through an interview guide. This study reveals that people have different beliefs related to the vaccine authenticity which plays a vital role in the reluctance towards it. Findings from paper is similar to literature that people from good educational background have similar thoughts towards COVID 19 vaccination. Disregard for the vaccine was caused by various factors, such as misinformation, safety concerns, and personal knowledge. This level of distrust was associated with the social worlds that participants experienced during the pandemic. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is a complex relationship that involves the spread of misinformation. Vaccine programs should provide a focused, localized, and empathetic response to counter misinformation. Keywords: COVID-19, vaccines, myths, hesitancy, vaccines awareness, pandemic, conspiracy, corona virus
ANALYZING THE HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF TALIBAN IN ORDER TO UNDERSTAND THE RE-EMERGENCE OF TALIBAN AND FUTURE PROSPECTS FOR NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES
Authors:   Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Ahmad Suhrab ,   University of Chitral, Chitral, Ihsan Nelofar ,   Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan
Published: January 2022

Afghanistan has been a focal state when it comes to international politics. With the advent of Taliban in Afghanistan, it has become central point of attention. The whole world is oblivious to Taliban’s strategic moves. Therefore, it is imperative to comprehend that Afghanistan's socio-politico circumstances since the very start were dampened by the connectivity issue, which aggravated the political landscape of Afghanistan in order to understand the current scenario. This paper is an attempt to comprehend the current situation through a historical lens of understanding the emergence of Taliban in the first place. This paper shall also identify the historical emergence through chronological order and then shall see Taliban emergence and changing dynamics of neighboring countries. Keywords: Taliban, Perspective, Afghanistan, Strategic view, Neighboring Countries
KAZAKHSTAN’S NUCLEAR GOVERNANCE AS A FOREIGN POLICY ASSET
Authors: Velichkov K.
Published: January 2022

Kazakhstan’s nonproliferation initiatives are recognized worldwide. Kazakhstan is a party to almost all major nuclear treaties, a key driver in the creation of a Central Asian nuclear-weapon-free zone, initiated the Universal Declaration on Building a World Free of Nuclear Weapons, established a low-enriched uranium bank under the auspices of the IAEA in Ust-Kamenogorsk to be used for peaceful purposes in the event of a disruption in the supply of fuel for nuclear power plants.While the foreign policy acts of Kazakhstan in non-proliferation are well known and internationally appreciated, the transfer of Kazakh experience in the governance of the nuclear sector is lesser known asset. For example, the experience of the Committee for Atomic and Energy Supervision and Control and KAZATOMPROM in uranium mining and transport was shared with countries from the Southern African Development Community, under an EU project, implemented by the International Science and Technology Center. This example reveals the great potential this themes have for the further input of Kazakhstan in international development cooperation.
INVESTIGATION OF TUNGSTEN SURFACE CARBIDIZATION UNDER PLASMA IRRADIATION
Authors: Zhanbolatova G. K. , Miniyazov A. Z. , Tulenbergenov T. R. , Sokolov I. A. , Bukina O. S.
Published: January 2022

This paper presents the results of a study of the formation of a carbidized layer under various experimental conditions and the choice of optimal parameters for carbidization of a tungsten surface under plasma irradiation. To study the effect of the surface temperature of a tungsten sample and the duration of plasma irradiation, experiments were carried out at a sample surface temperature of 1300 °C and 1700 °C with an irradiation duration of 300–2400 s. Analysis of the research results showed that the maximum formation of W2C on the surface is observed at a test temperature of 1700 °C. At a temperature of 1300 °C, the phase composition of the carbidized layer depends on the duration of plasma irradiation. According to the literature analysis, the formation of WC occurs on the surface of tungsten, from which C diffuses into the particle and forms the underlying layer of W2C. With an increase in the ion fluence, depending on the irradiation time and the temperature of the sample surface, the diffusion of C into W accelerates, the WC content decreases, and W2C becomes the dominant carbide compound.
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF APPLICATION OF CADMIUM AS A NEUTRON-ABSORBING SCREEN WHILE DOPING SILICON IN A NUCLEAR REACTOR
Authors: Shaimerdenov A. A. , Romanova N. K. , Sairanbayev D. S. , Gizatulin S. K.
Published: January 2022

The gradient of the neutron field in a nuclear reactor and the requirements for the permissible spread of the specific electrical resistance over the volume of the silicon ingot makes it necessary to develop an irradiation device. This is especially true for large silicon ingots. One of the options for reducing the gradient of the neutron flux along the height of the ingot is the use of neutron-absorbing screens in the design of the irradiation device. At the WWR-K reactor, cadmium with a natural isotopic composition is used as a neutron-absorbing screen material. The paper presents the results of a study of an irradiation device with a cadmium screen. The effect of a cadmium screen on the neutron-physical characteristics of an irradiation device for silicon doping is shown.
Poéticas da intersecção: ensaios de literatura comparada
Authors: Brito Amanda Ramalho de Freitas , Silva Luiz Felipe Verçosa da , Oliveira José Antonio Santos de
Published: January 2022

A edição deste volume surgiu das nossas pesquisas sobre Literatura Comparada na Contemporaneidade, que têm sido desenvolvidas desde 2017 no Grupo de Estudos em Literatura Comparada (GELIC), coordenado pela professora de Literaturas de Língua Portuguesa, Drª Amanda Ramalho (UFPB), em colaboração com os pesquisadores José Antonio e Felipe Verçosa (UFPE). Nos rastros do dialogismo, da intertextualidade, da intersemiose e do antropofagismo literário, propomos a crítica comparada como itinerância de leituras e olhares diversos sobre o fenômeno literário que perfaz a encruzilhada das linguagens e das áreas plurais do conhecimento crítico e científico.
Biopolymers: A comprehensive review
Authors: Mohini Chandrashekhar Upadhye  , Mohini Chetan Kuchekar  , Rohini Revansiddhappa Pujari  , Nutan Uttam Sable
Published: January 2022

Biopolymers are compounds prepared by using various living organisms, including plants. These are composed of repeated units of the same or similar structure (monomers) linked together. Rubber, starch, cellulose, proteins and DNA, RNA, chitin, and peptides are some of the examples of natural biopolymers. Biopolymers are a diverse and remarkably versatile class of materials that are either produced by biological systems or synthesize from biological sources. Biopolymers are used in pharmaceutical industry and also in food industry.Naturally derived polymers are also used for conditioning benefits in hair and skin care. Biopolymers have various applications in medicine, food, packaging, and petroleum industries. This review article is focused on various aspects of biopolymers with a special emphasis on role of biopolymers in green nanotechnology and agriculture.
Biodiversity of the Simuliidae family
Authors: Carlos Henrique Marchiori
Published: January 2022

Simuliidae belong to the order Diptera, suborder Nematocera, Infraorder Culicomorpha, Superfamily Chironomoidea, and Family Simuliidae. They are known as “borrachudo” or “pium” in Brazil and as “black flies” in English-speaking countries. This study objective to report the characteristics of the Family Simuliidae. The research was carried out in studies related to quantitative aspects of the Family, Subfamily and Species (taxonomic groups) and conceptual aspects such as: biology, geographical distribution, species, life cycle, damage, economic importance, medicinal importance, biological aspects, and reproduction. A literature search was carried out containing articles published from 1950 to 2021. The mini-review was prepared in Goiânia, Goiás, from September to October 2021, through the Portal of Scientific Journals in Health Sciences, Pubmed, Online Scientific Library (Scielo), internet, ResearchGate, Academia.edu, Frontiers, Biological Abstract, Publons, Qeios, Dialnet, World, Wide Science, Springer, RefSeek, Microsoft Academic, Science, ERIC, Science Research.com, SEEK education, Periodicals CAPES, Google Academic, Bioline International and VADLO.
Prevalensi dan Gambaran Karakteristik Dismenorea pada Remaja
Authors: Wahyuni Wahyuni , Zulfahmi Ulfah
Published: January 2022

Background: Dysmenorrhea is a gynecological condition that most commonly occurs in women of childbearing age. Dysmenorrhea is defined as a paiful sensation, cramping in the lower abdoment, and is often accompanied by other symptoms, such as sweating, headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and shaking. All of this happens right before or during menstruation. Primary dysmenorrhea complaints are often experienced by young women under 25 years old. Dysmenorrhea often results in disruption of activities and social relationships. Pondok Pesantren Putri Ar-Rohmah is a special Islamic boarding school for female students aged 13-18 years. At this age, primary dysmenorrhea complaints often occur. The activities of the students are also very far from the words of heavy activity, they only recite the recitation, memorization and formal schooling which is very lacking in physical activity.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and description of the characteristics of primary dysmenorrhoea in adolescents at Islamic Boarding School Putri Ar-Rohmah Ngawi.

Method: This research was quantitative research with descriptive observational methods.

Result: From the study, the prevalence of primary dysmenorrhoea in adolescents in Islamic boarding schools was 83.1%. The highest characteristic of dysmenorrhoea is caused by lack of physical activity, namely 54.2% of respondents are less active and 5.8% of respondents have sedentary behavior.

Conclusion: The characteristic description that most influences the occurrence of dysmenorrhoea in students is inadequate physical activity. Meanwhile, the description of the characteristics of body mass index, age of menarche, menstrual cycle, and menstrual duration are not the main characteristics that cause dysmenorrhea in respondents.
Efektifkah Pendidikan Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja oleh Teman Sebaya?
Authors: Indriawan Toni , Kusumaningrum Tanjung Anitasari Indah
Published: January 2022

Background: Adolescence is a period of rapid growth and development both physically, psychologically and intellectually. Some of the health problems that can be experienced by adolescents, one of which is about risky behavior from premarital sex to HIV, factors that can cause adolescents to engage in risky sexual behavior include lack of education or knowledge and attitudes of adolescents about the importance of maintaining reproductive health. This literature review aims to determine the effect of providing adolescent reproductive health education by peers on knowledge and attitudes about adolescent reproductive health and HIV.
Method: The articles used in this literature review is 5 articles with searches conducted through Google Schoolar, PubMed, and Garuda using the keywords 'adolescent reproductive health education', 'adolescent HIV health education', and health education by peers'. The inclusion criteria of this literature review are the articles used indexed by SINTA, Scopus, Scimago or having ISSN, Full text, published in 2011-2021, and using themethod quasi-experimental. The method used is to summarize the five selected journals, analyze, and draw conclusions.
Results: The results in research journals show value < 0.05 and value = 0.0001 < which means that there is an effect of providing reproductive health education by peers on knowledge and attitudes about adolescent reproductive health and HIV.
Conclusion: There is an influence of adolescent reproductive health education by peers on knowledge and attitudes about adolescent reproductive health and HIV. Suggestions for future research are expected to pay more attention to procedures and measurement of research results using health education methods by peer educators.
Penerapan Bimbingan Konseling Islam dalam Pendidikan Seks di Youth Center Griya Muda PKBI Kota Semarang
Authors: Rachmawati Laeli
Published: January 2022

Background: This study aims to describe how the implementation of sex education for adolescents in youth center Griya Muda PKBI Kota Semarang and analysis of Islamic counseling guidance on sex education for adolescents in Youth Center Griya Muda PKBI Kota Semarang.

Method:  This study is a descriptive qualitative study that aims to find out sex education for adolescents conducted by the Youth Center Griya Muda PKBI Semarang City in providing correct and accurate information to minimize premarital sex behavior, as well as efforts to prevent the transmission of HIV / AIDS for adolescents. The data collection techniques used in this study are with observations, interviews, and documentation.

Results: The implementation of sex education conducted by Griya Muda Youth Center includes education and counseling services using direct and indirect methods. Judging from the analysis of Islamic counseling guidance, the objectives, methods and functions of activities carried out are close to the implementation of Islamic counseling guidance. However, youth center Griya Muda has not implemented the entire existence of Islamic counseling guidance completely.
ԱՌՈՂՋԱՊԱՀՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՈԼՈՐՏԸ ԿԱՐԳԱՎՈՐՈՂ ՄԻՋԱԶԳԱՅԻՆ ԻՐԱՎԱԿԱՆ ԱԿՏԵՐԻ ՎԵՐԼՈՒԾՈՒԹՅՈՒՆ/ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL NORMS REGULATING HEALTHCARE/АНАЛИЗ МЕЖДУНАРОДНО-ПРАВОВЫХ АКТОВ В СФЕРЕ ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯ
Authors: Zohrabyan Naira
Published: January 2022

This article reviews norms of international treaties and other documents related to healthcare. United Nations conventions in the field of healthcare were subject to special attention. Practice of the Commonwealth of Independent States in ensuring right to health was also analyzed. The author demonstrates that the right to health has become an integral part of the national legal system and is enshrined in key legal acts. This provides with a good opportunity for the enjoyment of this right in compliance with the international standards.
ԺԱՄԱՆԱԿԱԿԻՑ ԿԱՊԻՏԱԼԻԶՄԸ ԿԱՄ ԿԱՊԻՏԱԼԻՍՏԱԿԱՆ ՌԵԱԼԻԶՄ/MODERN CAPITALISM OR CAPITALISTIC REALISM/СОВРЕМЕННЫЙ КАПИТАЛИЗМ ИЛИ КАПИТАЛИСТИЧИСКИЙ РЕАЛИЗМ
Authors: Nemishalyan Roza
Published: January 2022

The article analyzes the modern political system. Humanity has gone through several stages of capitalism; we live in the era of capitalistic realism, which is also called late capitalism. The modern all-consuming system penetrates into all spheres of human existence; it forms an omnipresent atmosphere, turning everything and everybody into product of exchange. Culture, human relations, values obey the logic of capitalism as it is already realistic, adequate to the human essence, and therefore irresistible.
PEMBERDAYAAN LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN FORMAL DI BANGKA DALAM PENANAMAN GEREJA BARU
Authors: Abdi Daniel , Hermanto Yanto Paulus
Published: January 2022

Social concern in the formation of Christian character and faith through non-profit educational institutions that have not been a special concern of Christians. Meanwhile, Christ must be the main part in the character of church leadership and secular leadership in the future. Through formal educational institutions such as Kindergartens and Elementary Schools, the church can contribute in participating in the intellectual life of the nation from an early age with the principle of 'fearing God'. Educational institutions are long-term in the formation of the character of Christ which plays an important role for each generation in the welfare and salvation of generations. The Sustainability Service can be expanded to carry out joint activities. the evidence of the new church is as true church growth. Several strategies developed through the empowerment of formal educational institutions, and under the leadership of the Holy Spirit, are expected to contribute to the planting of new churches.Keywords: Social Care, Formal educational institutions, Fear of God
PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN SEBAGAI STRATEGI MENUMBUHKAN IMAN ANAK DIDIK MELALUI PERAN GURU YANG PARIPURNA DIMASA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Panjaitan Salomo
Published: January 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji mengenai peranan Pendidikan Agama Kristen sebagai strategi untuk menumbuhkan iman anak didik melalui peran guru yang paripurna di masa Pandemi COVID 19. Metode penelitian yang dipakai yaitu metode penelitian kualitatif. Proses analisa yang di gunakan penulis yaitu menggunakan Alkitab selaku sumber utama serta juga beberapa sumber literatur yang aktual dan bisa di percaya yang berhubungan dengan judul dalam artikel ini sehingga menghasilkan suatu kajian yang dapat dipertanggungjawabkan dengan menggunakan beberapa tahapan penelitian, antara lain   deskripsi maupun tahap orientasi, tahap reduksi, serta tahap seleksi Hasil penelitian antara lain peran guru yang paripurna di masa Pandemi COVID 19 antara lain : Guru Sebagai Pendidik. Guru wajib mempunyai standar kualitas pribadi yang meliputi tanggung jawab wibawa, mandiri serta disiplin. Guru agama PAK yang memahami Ilmu Teknologi, Kemampuan mengikuti perkembangan Ilmu Teknologi merupakan hal yang pokok dipunyai seorang guru agama PAK, sehingga anak didik merasa senang mengikuti mata pelajarannya.Guru Agama dan Orangtua Anak didik. Sebagai guru yang peduli kepada anak didiknya, guru agama akan membuka komunikasi juga dengan orangtua anak didiknya, agar guru agama mengetahui keadaan mereka dan akan mempermudah komunikasi dan pendidikan kepada anak didiknya.
PENGARUH GAME ONLINE TERHADAP PSIKOLOGI REMAJA
Authors: Pelawi Stepanuston
Published: January 2022

Selama pandemi Covid-19, penggunaan handphon di kalangan remaja meningkat pesat baik untuk pembelajaran maupun keperluan sehari-hari. Peningkatan penggunaan handphon akan berdampak pada pola kehidupan remaja karena bermain game online.  Karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak game online dikalangan remaja selama pandemi Covid-19. Sebagai landasan penelitian ini berdasarkan Amsal 4:23. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan deskriptif dengan cara analisis dan wawancara serta observasi kepada beberapa siswa di SMP Advent Barusjulu. Hasil analis dan wawancara serta observasi menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh dari game online sangat berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan dan pertumbuhan anak remaja karena game online mempengaruhi kesehatan, psikologis, akademik, sosial dan keuangan anak remaja . Implikasi dari hasil penelitian ini, penulis menyarankan agar orang tua berperan untuk menolong dan membimbing anak-anak mereka membagi waktu dalam bermain game online . Selain itu, Guru Agama Kristen juga memiliki peranan dalam membimbing remaja SMP Advent Barusjulu untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan kerohanian mereka.
Empirical Cost of Electricity Outage on Labour and Capital Productivity in Nigeria
Authors: Iroh Osinachi , Kalu Ijeoma , Nteegah Alwell
Published: January 2022

This study empirically examined the impact of electricity power outages on Nigeria’s capital and labour productivity.  The emphasis is on how frequent electricity outage reduces labour and capital effectiveness and other factors of production.  To achieve the above objective, annual time series data on Total Factor Productivity - a proxy for Nigeria’s factors productivity, Power Outage (electric power transmission and distribution losses as % of output), and other controlled variables were used to estimate the relationship and all data were from World Bank Development Indicators (WDI). The Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FOLS) technique was adopted for analysis.  The empirical results showed a negative relationship between power outages and factor productivity.  The result also reveals that electricity pricing has a significant negative impact on the factor productivity while both electricity generation and population have a significant positive impact on Nigeria’s total factor productivity.  The implication is that the substitution effect between labour and capital is positive, meaning that Nigeria exhibits a labour-intensive production function. In conclusion, the study is of the opinion that power outage and electricity pricing negatively impact factors productivity while electricity generation and population have a positive relationship with factors productivity in Nigeria.
Biosorption Potentials of Pleurotus tuber-regium (Fr.) Sing in Lead and Cadmium Polluted Soil
Authors:   Biochemistry Department, University of Agriculture & Environmental Science, Umuagwo, Imo State, Nigeria., Adumanya O.C.U. , Onwubuche B.C. ,   Department of Science Laboratory Tech. Imo State Polytechnic, Umuagwo, Imo State., Nwinee S.A. ,   Department of Science Laboratory Tech. Petroleum Training Institute, Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria., Umensofor G.A. ,   Department of Agric. Imo State Local Government Civil Service Commission., Nigeria.
Published: January 2022

Background/Aim: The heavy metals, cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), are often implicated as environmental pollutants. Therefore, the biosorption potential of Pleurotus tuber-regium in lead and cadmium polluted soil was investigated by this work. Methods: Four kilograms of each humus soil sample was weighed into eight different black nursery cellophane bags and polluted with 0.5 g, 1.0 g and 2.0 g of lead and cadmium in triplicate. Pleurotus sclerotia were then planted in these polluted soil samples, and distilled water was added ad libitum. Results: The results showed that the growth performance was dose-related in lead-polluted soil. The Pleurotus tuber regium mushroom in the lead-polluted soil samples indicated a dose-dependent absorbed lead concentration in the results. Cadmium-polluted soil samples did not support the growth of the Pleurotus tuber regium mushroom at the various concentrations of cadmium used after day 30. Therefore, the findings suggest that the Pleurotus tuber regium mushroom and its sclerotia have intrinsic properties for the absorption of lead and cadmium. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the Pleurotus tuber regium mushroom and its sclerotia have intrinsic properties for the absorption of lead and cadmium.
Beliefs and strategies for coping with stillbirth: A qualitative study in Nigeria
Authors: Popoola Tosin , Skinner Joan , Woods Martin
Published: January 2022

Stillbirth, the loss of a baby during pregnancy or childbirth, is one of the most devastating losses a parent can experience. The experience of stillbirth is associated with trauma and intense grief, but mothers’ belief systems can be protective against the impacts of grief. Women in Nigeria endure a high burden of stillbirth and the aim in this study was to describe the beliefs and strategies for coping with stillbirth. Twenty mothers bereaved by stillbirth in Nigeria were interviewed; seven of them also participated in a focus group. The findings of the study revealed that the experience of stillbirth was influenced by beliefs which originated from superstitions, religion, and social expectations. These beliefs played significant roles in how mothers coped with the loss, by providing them with a framework for sense-making and benefit-finding.
Overcoming adversity: Insights into an acute hospital service of supported viewing for families bereaved during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Walker Wendy Marina , Horton Ruth , Jones Jennifer , Morrell Julie , Roberts Elaine
Published: January 2022

The number of people bereaved due to the Covid-19 pandemic is a major health and social care concern. At a time of unprecedented demand on acute and critical care services, restricted family presence to reduce transmission of the disease had a profound impact on the way bereavement support could be provided in the hospital setting. In response, relatively rapid adaptions to practices were required. This paper provides inspiration and guidance on an acute hospital initiative designed to address the emotional needs of the immediately bereaved. The core features of a supported viewing service are presented through the lens of key employees who played a central role in its development and delivery, and with reference to the prevailing literature. Formal evaluation of the service through qualitative inquiry is recommended, complementary to anecdotal evidence of appreciative uptake of the service during the pandemic.
Bereavement behind bars: Grief support groups with and without therapy dogs for incarcerated females
Authors: Eaton-Stull Yvonne , Hotchkiss Jessica , Jones Janel , Lilien Francine
Published: January 2022

Grief is a universal experience; however not everyone experiences grief and loss in the same way. People who are incarcerated are often informed of losses via phone, are unable to attend funeral services or participate in supportive rituals, and can have difficulty expressing feelings in a place where showing emotion can be dangerous. Being unable to obtain support and process grief and loss may contribute to impaired functioning. In this study of bereavement support for women in prison, incarcerated women with recent or unresolved losses (n=32) were randomly assigned to grief support groups with therapy dogs (animal-assisted, AA) or without therapy dogs (non-AA). Pre- and post-test measures of bereavement symptoms and prolonged grief disorder (PGD) were obtained. This study shows that AA groups had more significant decreases in symptoms, lower rates of post-group diagnostic criteria for PGD and higher rates of perceived support/benefit from the groups.
The uniqueness of twin loss and grief
Authors: Creed Joan
Published: January 2022

Loss of a twin unexpectedly in adulthood can leave the remaining twin feeling lost, devastated, and empty. The surviving twin can question the normalcy of these feelings and their response to the grief experience as compared to other losses. A literature review on adult twin loss followed by a review on sibling loss produced a sparse amount of information relevant to my questions. Both reviews centered around losses in childhood with little evidence of support for losses during adulthood. Guidance to assist with coping after this type of loss did not reveal specific coping strategies for the twinless twin. The coping strategies identified may be valuable for any person in their grieving process. The unique loss may benefit from future research on the most effective coping strategies. Grief therapists need further resources specific to singleton grief.  Further research and clinical work would improve grief experiences during adult twin loss.
How was your lockdown?
Authors: Samuel Julia
Published: January 2022

No abstract
Prognostic factors influencing the outcome of empyema surgical management: prospective study in a Moroccan university center.
Authors: Hafidi Sara , Boubia Souheil , Fatene Abdellah , Id El Haj Najat , Ridai Mohammed
Published: January 2022

Background: Pleural empyema is a public health problem, and is the most frequent complication of pleural infection with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Our study aims to highlight the management of pleural empyema and evaluate its prognosis factors involved especially in surgical treatment.
Patients and Methods: A prospective analysis of 53 patients who underwent surgical treatment of pleural empyema, from January 2015 to December 2019 at the thoracic surgery department in a tertiary referral university teaching hospital. Our study included patients who required surgical treatment for pleural empyema and were excluded patients with destroyed lungs associated with pyothorax.
Results: The mean age of patients was 39.24±15.89 years and 79,24% of them were males. In 85.7% of the cases, the etiology was undetermined in 34%, parapneumonic in 1.9%, of tuberculosis in 54.71%, post-traumatic in 11, 3%, postoperative in 7.5% and iatrogenic in 1.9%. 45 patients were treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics therapy adapted after antibiogram 14.38±21.76 days before the operation. A complete debridement and decortications were performed by VATS in 28 and by PLT in 22 patients. No major complications occurred. At a mean term follow-up of 20 months (3months—3 years); all patients were alive with no recurrence. The analysis of the results showed 4 factors of poor prognosis: delay of diagnosis and surgery (P = 0.02), chronic alcoholism (P = 0.034), preoperative ventilation disorder/COPD (P = 0.04) and active tuberculosis (P= 0, 05).
Conclusion: The success of surgical management of pleural empyema depends on several factors, which predict the prognosis, but can be prevented.
Slippage of Gastric Banding for Mobid Obesity: case report and review of literature
Authors: Coco Danilo , Leanza Silvana
Published: January 2022

Background: laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LABG) remains the commonest and less invasive bariatric operation. It has many advantages in the treatment of obesity and is associated with low morbidity and mortality rates.When it happens a Gastric Band Slippage (GBS), part of the gastric fundus herniates through the band. Removal of GB is necessary to prevent necrosis of the herniated stomach.Case report: We present a case of a 40-year-old female patient who was admitted for a huge gastric pouch dilatation after 3 years of underwent LAGB.Conclusion: The LAGB is one of the most common procedures used for the treatment of morbid obesity. The complications are generally not mortal but it is necessary that complications have been recognized by general surgeon and physicians should be aware of the symptoms. Diagnosis of GBS can be made with signs or symptoms and patient’s medical history, with the use of oral contrast X-ray studies or CT Scan and surgical intervention is necessary.
Aksiologi Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Keislaman
Authors: Mayasari Annisa , Natsir Nanat Fatah , Haryanti Erni
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang aksiologi ilmu pengetahuan dan keislaman. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini menggunakan metode atau pendekatan kepustakaan (library research), bahwa studi pustaka atau kepustakaan dapat diartikan sebagai serangkaian kegiatan yang berkenaan dengan metode pengumpulan data pustaka, membaca dan mencatat serta mengolah bahan penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mengkaji filsafat tidak lepas dari ruang lingkup manusia. Karena pada dasarnya manusialah yang menentukan apakah sesuatu itu baik atau tidak baik, benar atau salah, netral atau tidak netral. Karena pada hakekatnya ilmu itu netral dan bebas nilai. Menurut Einstin, bahwa ilmu tanpa agama adalah buta dan agama tanpa ilmu adalah lumpuh. Oleh karena itu, aksiologi dalam ilmu pengetahuan adalah produk
dari ilmu yakni etika, nilai, estitika dan moral. Aksiologi lebih menghasilkan produk yaitu untuk apa ilmu pengetahuan dipergunakan, dan bagaimana kaitannya ilmu pengetahuan dipergunakan dengan aspek moral. Bagaimana prosedural penggunaan ilmu pengetahuan berkaitan dengan moral. Bagaimana penentuan obyek pengetahuan dikaitkan dengan moralatau etika dalam kehidupan. Sementara Aksiologi dalam pandangan islam berbeda dengan ilmuwan barat. Islam menyatakan bahwa Agama yang melahirkan ilmu pengetahuan. Ilmua bagian dari agama itu sendiri, karena itu Rasulullah Saw mewajibkan manusia untuk mencari Ilmu. Sementara tujuan dari agama adalah mencari ridha Allah dan datangnya kebenaran itu dari Allah SWT.
Konsep Wahyu Memandu Ilmu sebagai Paradigma Keilmuan UIN Sunan Gunung Djati
Authors: Ridwan Wawan , Natsir Nanat Fatah , Haryanti Erni
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang konsep wahyu memandu ilmu sebagai paradigma keilmuan UIN Sunan Gunung Djati. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini menggunakan metode atau pendekatan kepustakaan (library research), bahwa studi pustaka atau kepustakaan dapat diartikan sebagai serangkaian kegiatan yang berkenaan dengan metode pengumpulan data pustaka, membaca dan mencatat serta mengolah bahan penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung (disingkat UIN Bandung) mengusung visi yang jelas dan pasti berbeda (distinct) dengan Perguruan Tinggi yang lain. Kampus UIN juga terus berupaya meningkatkan manajemen dan teknologi sebagai fitur andalan untuk mencapai kualitas Perguruan Tinggi. Institusi ini menggunakan paradigma WMI (Wahyu Memandu Ilmu) sebagai landasan filofisnya, menjadikan visi UIN Bandung menjadi sangat khas dibandingkan dengan yang lain. Perhatikan visi UIN Bandung berikut: Menjadi Universitas Islam Negeri yang Unggul dan Kompetitif Berbasis Wahyu Memandu Ilmu dalam Bingkai Akhlak Karimah di ASEAN tahun 2025. Dengan visi ini, paradigma keilmuan UIN Bandung dan kebijakan pengembangn Perguruan Tinggi bersifat terintegrasi dengan nilai-nilai wahyu (agama), yakni sesuatu yang tidak bersifat parsial atau dikotomis. Paradigma WMI dengan demikian bukan sekedar landasan dalam menetukan arah dan kebijakan lembaga tetapi menjadi pedoman penyelenggaraan Perguruan Tinggi. Pada ranah akademik dimana core bussines-nya menyelenggarakan pendidikan, paradigma tersebut menjadi acuan dalam pembentukan kepribadian dan pengembangan disiplin ilmu.
130 Impact of Low-Dose High-Frequency in situ Simulation on Inpatient Diabetes Management: A Pilot Study
Authors: Kumar EJ Sree , Purva Makani
Published: January 2022

Even in the presence of established institutional guidelines, failure of compliance by the clinical teams plays an important role in the control of diabetes. The identified gaps include contextual and biomedical knowledge, attitudes, clinical inertia, confidence and familiarity with existing hospital resources and guidelines with regards to hospital diabetes care

We wanted to demonstrate the efficacy of low-dose high-frequency

The exercise was a 15-minute session, delivered during working hours to individual nurses. This consisted of a 5-minute scenario, involving a standardized patient followed by a 10-minute debrief. Modified Diamond-model debrief with an advocacy-inquiry model was used by the debriefer, a trained fellow in simulation, and overseen by an expert. The scripted scenario involved a patient with Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), with learning outcomes of recognizing DKA, managing the patient and adhering to the institutional guidelines including management of hypoglycaemia. The scenario was individualized based on the roles of the participants. Pre- and post-questionnaires were given to the participants. The simulation was repeated twice in the second week and once in the third week.

This mixed-method study was conducted in a UK teaching hospital, in a ward designated for patients with diabetes, as a part of a quality improvement programme. In the first week, patients with diabetes, admitted for DKA, were chosen and their blood sugar recordings, dysglycaemic episodes and adherence to guidelines were noted. Every week data were collected as in the first week. GNU pspp 1.0.1 [version 3] free software was used. The confidence scores were given as mean and standard deviation with confidence interval (CI) of 98.75%. A p-value of <0.0125 was considered significant based on the number of data points.

The

Dysglycemic episodes and protocol adherence from medical records

Considering the T2 (increased recognition of diabetic emergencies and adherence to protocol) and T3 (improved patient outcomes) outcomes, the methodology was recommended as a modality of training the nursing staff involved in inpatient care of patients with diabetes. Future programmes including multi-disciplinary teams, to explore teamwork and communication, are planned.
Precision and accuracy of four current 3D Printers to achieve models for Fixed Dental Prosthesis.
Authors: Reis Bianca , Portella Fernando , Rivaldo Elken
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy and precision of 3D printers used to obtain models of fixed dental prostheses. A fixed dental prosthesis preparation was scanned and reproduced by four 3D printers: RapidShape P40, Asiga MAX, Varseo, and Photon. The impressions were scanned again, and the dataset was compared to the original dataset. Mean discrepancies (µm) were 52.97±20.48 (RapidShape P40), 68.27±43.53 (Asiga MAX), 62.22±56.21 (Varseo), and 80.03±28.67 (Photon). There was no difference (p=0.314) in accuracy; however, the precision differed (p=0.015) among the 3D printers. The printers had distinct precision but did not differ in accuracy.
Use of Antibiotics in early Childhood and Dental Enamel Defects in 6¬ to 12¬year¬old Children in Primary Health Care.
Authors: Faustino-Silva Daniel , Rocha Ariston , da Rocha Bruno , Stein Caroline
Published: January 2022

Dental enamel defects (DED) are lesions that occur due several factors. Proper care is needed to promote their treatment and prevention. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of DED in permanent teeth of children who used antimicrobial drugs in the first four years of life. This is a crosssectional study carried out in a Primary Health Care (PHC) service, which included children from six to 12 years of age. DED were evaluated by oral examination, and data on the use of antimicrobials in early childhood were collected based on medical records. Data were analyzed with the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. The sample included 144 children. In relation to DED, 50% (72) and 20.1% (29) presented opacity and hypoplasia, respectively. Amoxicillin was the most frequently prescribed drug, followed by sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim. Among the children, 78.5% (113) were prescribed antimicrobial drugs at least once during the first 4 years of life, and 55% (79) of them presented some type of DED. There was no statistically significant association between the variables analyzed. In conclusion, there was high prevalence of children with DED, and amoxicillin was the most commonly prescribed antibiotic.
Radiographic Diagnosis of Simulated External Root Resorption in Multi-Rooted Teeth: The Influence of Spatial Resolution.
Authors: Lacerda Mariane , Junqueira Rafael , Lima Thaísa , Lima Carolina , Girelli Caroline , Verner Francielle
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of spatial resolution (line pairs per millimetre - lp/mm) on the diagnosis of simulated external root resorption (ERR) in multi-rooted teeth by using digital periapical radiography. Forty human mandibular molars (80 roots) were used. The roots were divided into the following groups (n = 10): control without root filling (WORF), control with root filling (WRF), small ERRWORF, small ERR-WRF, moderate ERR-WORF, moderate ERR-WRF, extensive ERR-WORF and extensive ERR-WRF. Four digital radiographs (phosphor storage plates - PSP system) were taken of each tooth in three angulations. The PSPs were scanned with 10, 20, 25 and 40 lp/mm. All images were assessed by three endodontists who used a five-point scale for presence and absence of ERR and classified its location (cervical, middle or apical third). ROC curves and one-way ANOVA were performed (p < 0.01). Diagnosis of ERR in nonroot-filled teeth showed higher values of sensitivity for 20 lp/mm and higher values of both specificity and accuracy for 40 lp/mm. In root-filled teeth, sensitivity and accuracy were higher for 25 lp/mm and spatial resolution had no influence on specificity. The best resolution for diagnosis of small and extensive ERR was 25 lp/mm, whereas for moderate ERR, it was 40 lp/mm. Cervical ERR was the most difficult to diagnose, regardless of the spatial resolution. Higher spatial resolutions have improved the radiographic diagnosis of simulated ERR in multi-rooted teeth and this should be considered when performing digital radiographs.
Internal Lower Incisor Morphology revealed by Computerized Microtomography.
Authors: Lima Carolina , Magalhães Lorena , Marceliano-Alves Marília , de Oliveira Patrícia , Lacerda Mariane
Published: January 2022

This study evaluated the internal morphology of lower incisors using computerized microtomography (micro-CT) images. Eighty-nine lower incisors were scanned by micro-CT and reconstructed with NRecon software. 2D parameters (perimeter, root length, circularity and canal diameter) and 3D parameters (volume, surface area and structure model index) were evaluated with CTAn and CTVol software. The results are presented descriptively. It was found that 89.9% of the canals had a single main root canal (type I), followed by type II (6.7%) and III (3.4%), while 5.6% of the specimens presented lateral canals and 1.1% had an apical delta. Mean volume and surface area were 31.80mm³ and 90.58mm², respectively. The most prevalent shape of the root canal at CEJ level was circular (41.6%) and 1mm from the apex, 73% of the samples were classified as oval. Lower incisors with internal anatomical variations may offer a high degree of technical complexity and may result in treatment failure.
Effect of bleaching protocols on surface roughness and color change of high- and low-viscosity bulk-fill composite resins.
Authors: Tavares Bruna , França Fabiana , Basting Roberta , Turssi Basting , Amaral Turssi
Published: January 2022

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of bleaching protocols on the surface roughness (Ra), color change and surface micromorphology of a low-viscosity bulk-fill composite (Filtek Bulk Fill Flow, 3M ESPE), a highviscosity bulk-fill composite (Filtek Bulk Fill, 3M ESPE) and a conventional nanoparticulate composite resin (control) (Filtek Z350 XT, 3M ESPE). Forty samples of each composite (disks 5 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick) were randomly divided into four groups (n=10), according to bleaching protocol: a) 10% carbamide peroxide gel (Opalescence, Ultradent Products) (2 h/ day, for 14 days); b) 40% hydrogen peroxide gel (Opalescence Boost, Ultradent Products) (three bleaching sessions, once a week, 45 min/session); c) whitening rinse (Listerine Whitening Extreme, Johnson & Johnson) (2 min/day, for 14 days); and d) distilled water (control). The samples were submitted to triplicate readings (Ra and color [CIELAB parameters]) before and after contact with bleaching protocols. Micromorphology was analyzed in a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Ra and color parameters (ΔL, Δa, Δb and ΔE) were analyzed by generalized linear models (α=0.05). The Ra of the high-viscosity bulk-fill was significantly higher than that of the other composites (p<0.05). Ra increased significantly (p<0.05) and surface became more irregular (SEM analysis) in all the composite resins, regardless of the bleaching protocol (p<0.05). The high-viscosity bulk-fill composite resin group had significantly lower ΔE (p<0.05) than the nanoparticulate composite resin group immersed in distilled water. It was concluded that the characteristics of each resin significantly influenced the Ra more than the bleaching protocol. The high-viscosity bulk-fill resin presented minor color change.