bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A STUDY OF STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION TOWARDS THE CORRECTIVE FEEDBACKS USED BY THE TEACHER IN CORRECTING THE STUDENTS’ WRITING PROBLEMS
Authors: Warni Asis
Published: December 2022

This research aimed to find out the  students’ perception towards the corrective feedbacks used by the teacher in correctinng the students’ writing problems. The reseach employed descriptive method. The sample of this research  was selected by using random sampling technique. The instruments of data collection was a students’ checklist. The data of the students’ perception  towards  the  corrective  feedback stated that 59,09%  students  said  that  direct corrective  feedback help them to understand what to do to correct their errors. Next, the result shown that 54,55% of the students also mentioned that they can notice and understand their errors about   punctuation,   spelling,   and   capitalization   through   indirect   corrective feedback easily. Furthermore,  half of them or 50% of the sample students told that indirect corrective feedback encouraged them to write in a better topic and details. In conclusion, the corrective feedbacks improve student’s ability in writing especially descriptive text and the students have positive perceptions about the corrective feedbacks.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS SISWA DENGAN PENDEKATAN EXAMPLES NON EXAMPLES PADA PENDIDIKAN DASAR
Authors: Wirnita Wirnita , Nirwansyah Nirwansyah
Published: December 2022

The background of the research is the low value of learning Indonesian in class V SDN 03 Alai Padang. This study aims to increase the activity and discussion of Indonesian language learning students using the Examples Non Examples approach. The measuring instrument in this research activity uses test and non-test instruments. Tests are in the form of quantitative and non-tests are in the form of qualitative. The results of the data analysis obtained by students' activities in discussing increased the average percentage for the first cycle category and for the second cycle category, namely (83.10%) the good category became a better category. good, namely (85.07%). Activity on teachers increased the average percentage from good category from cycle I to cycle II increased from (80.35) very good category to (91.06%). Student learning outcomes in two cycles, namely the first cycle of students who finished studying (85.71%) in very good category and students who had not finished learning (14.28%). While in the second cycle, students who finished studying (96.42%) were in very good category and students who had not finished studying (3.571%), with an average score. So student learning outcomes have reached the indicators of success in the implementation of learning achieved 80%. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is an increase in learning through student discussion activities and student learning outcomes at the research site in class V SDN 03 Alai Padang with the Examples Non Examples approach.Keywords: Examples Non Examples, Learning Activities, Discussion, Indonesian Language.
PRINSIP KEHATI-HATIAN DALAM MENETAPKAN TERSANGKA SEBAGAI PARAMETER PENGUJIAN TINDAKAN PENYIDIK MELALUI PRAPERADILAN
Authors: Marbun Rocky , Monica Sinaga Debby
Published: December 2022

Investigators, both in the Indonesian National Police Institution and who are in other law enforcement institutions, in the investigation process have the authority to determine someone suspected of committing a criminal offense as a suspect, as regulated in Article 7 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Procedure Code. However, in the level of criminal justice practices, investigators interpret the authority absolutely by establishing someone as a suspect based on a minimum of two pieces of evidence. Although, the Constitutional Court has given limits to the determination of suspects, however, with the issuance of the Supreme Court Regulation Number 4 of 2016 concerning the Prohibition of Review of Pre-Trial Decisions (SCR No. 4/2016) gives limits to the establishment of formal requirements. Based on this, researchers submit the problem “What is the form of violation of the precautionary principle in establishing a person as a suspect who is the object of a pretrial application?” This study uses a normative juridical method using secondary data through literature studies. The results of this study indicate an obligation for investigators to meet the investigation standards in the process of determining the suspect based on the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 21/PUU-XII/2014, the Criminal Procedure Code, and the Internal Regulations of each Law Enforcement Institution.Keywords: Determination of Suspect, Precautionary Principle, Pretrial, Evidence, Investigator
The Method of Predicting the Confidence Interval by the Culvert Capacity of Channels at the Design Stage
Authors: Verdiyev A.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the research is to develop a methodology for predicting confidence intervals of functional parameters of main channels at the design stage, taking into account the probability of absolute changes occurring in their hydraulic parameters during construction and operation. In this regard, taking into account that during the construction and operation of main channels, the frequency of absolute changes in the values of the living cross-section area, wetted perimeter, hydraulic radius and bottom slope obeys the normal distribution law, and the channel roughness coefficient is an increasing and arbitrarily variable random variable, the possibility of predicting the probable confidence interval for the channel’s culvert over the period of operation is investigated. For this purpose, the Monte Carlo method and the Excel program were used, and a method for predicting the confidence interval of the design value of the channel flow rate was proposed. The corresponding analyses were carried out according to the design values of hydraulic parameters on the studied sections of the main channels operated in the Republic of Azerbaijan. Assuming that the design value of each hydraulic parameter is an average value, and the mean square deviation is within the probability, the generation of normally distributed random variables is compiled (provided that the channel roughness coefficient is an increasing and arbitrarily variable value in the appropriate limit), and according to the flow formula for a steady uniform movement, the maximum flow rate of the channel is calculated. The confidence interval of the average value of the predicted maximum flow rate is determined and compared with the design value of the maximum flow rate on the studied section of the trunk channel. Based on the proposed method, the effect of influencing the average value of the maximum flow rate was analyzed in the case of the roughness coefficient of the channel remains unchanged, and probabilistic scattering of other hydraulic parameters occurs around the design values, as well as, in general, the corresponding hydraulic parameters are scattered around the design values.
Analisis Cemaran Bakteri Coliform Dan Identifikasi Bakteri Escherichia Coli Pada Air Galon Di Desa Sungai Danau
Authors: Kurahman Taufik , Rohama Rohama , Saputri Rina
Published: December 2022

saat ini penggunaan depot air minum isi ulang (DAMIU) relatif lebih tinggi, sehingga penggunaan DAMIU harus diperhatikan sanitasi dan higenisitas untuk menunjang agar DAMIU terhindar dari kontaminasi bakteri Coliform, salah satu contoh bakteri Coliform yaitu bakteri Escherichia Coli. bakteri Escherichia coli adalah salah satu penyebab penyakit diare. Diare merupakan penyakit endemis potensial kejadian luar biasa (KLB) yang sering dengan kematian di Indonesia. Pravalensi diare di Indonesia sebanyak 6,8% atau sebanyak 1.017.290 orang dan diketahui bahwa kabupaten Tanah Bumbu peringkat ketiga penyumbang diare terbanyak yaitu sebesar 4,3% atau sebanyak 2006 orang di Kalimantan Selatan, sehingga perlu dilakukan pengujian pada DAMIU di Desa Sungai Danau menggunakan metode MPN.
A Semana de 1922 e o elemento nacional-modernista no discurso sobre a música no Brasil
Authors: Barbeitas Flavio
Published: December 2022

O ensaio examina o discurso crítico sobre música que se estabeleceu no Brasil e a relação da intelectualidade com essa arte, evidenciando que parâmetros do nacional-modernismo sempre estiveram na base de ambos. Numa sequência histórica, parte-se da própria Semana de Arte Moderna (1922) e percorrem-se os seus desdobramentos, flagrando e interpretando, entre os diversos episódios e revisionismos conceituais ao longo dos anos, as oscilações de interesse crítico em relação às manifestações musicais eruditas e populares. A hipótese é de que, no cenário contemporâneo, tenha-se esgotado a força propulsora do argumento nacional-modernista, não mais capaz de bem articular as questões apresentadas pelas produções musicais da atualidade.
Theatre production and cultural policy during the pandemic: Leadership and memory narratives
Authors: Dragićević Šešić Milena , Stefanović Milena
Published: December 2022

The pandemic showed that theatres are able to adapt, re-position and re-focus their work, through digital means and by using diverse social media tools, in order to stay present and active during periods in which their models of traditional production and existence are limited. The research explores the rationale behind so called “pandemic production,” digital narratives and main approaches of managers and leaders in the public theatres during the pandemic phase, while noting the lack of cultural policy leadership. The roles of theatre managers was of the most importance and the pace of adaptation depended on their skills and talent. For all stakeholders, the new reality caused by the pandemic opened the horizons of ethics and aesthetics of solidarity, empathy, care, and critical reflections (within theatres and among independent theatre practitioners), while cultural policymakers chose to act as bureaucrats, missing the opportunity to step in with more vision and leadership, which lad to the downgrading of their role to pure administration.
Rapid classification of micro-particles using multi-angle dynamic light scatting and machine learning approach
Authors: He Xu , Wang Chao , Wang Yichuan , Yu Junxiao , Zhao Yanfeng , Li Jianqing , Hussain Mubashir , Liu Bin
Published: December 2022

The rapid classification of micro-particles has a vast range of applications in biomedical sciences and technology. In the given study, a prototype has been developed for the rapid detection of particle size using multi-angle dynamic light scattering and a machine learning approach by applying a support vector machine. The device consisted of three major parts: a laser light, an assembly of twelve sensors, and a data acquisition system. The laser light with a wavelength of 660 nm was directed towards the prepared sample. The twelve different photosensors were arranged symmetrically surrounding the testing sample to acquire the scattered light. The position of the photosensor was based on the Mie scattering theory to detect the maximum light scattering. In this study, three different spherical microparticles with sizes of 1, 2, and 4 μm were analyzed for the classification. The real-time light scattering signals were collected from each sample for 30 min. The power spectrum feature was evaluated from the acquired waveforms, and then recursive feature elimination was utilized to filter the features with the highest correlation. The machine learning classifiers were trained using the features with optimum conditions and the classification accuracies were evaluated. The results showed higher classification accuracies of 94.41%, 94.20%, and 96.12% for the particle sizes of 1, 2, and 4 μm, respectively. The given method depicted an overall classification accuracy of 95.38%. The acquired results showed that the developed system can detect microparticles within the range of 1–4 μm, with detection limit of 0.025 mg/ml. Therefore, the current study validated the performance of the device, and the given technique can be further applied in clinical applications for the detection of microbial particles.
2D MXene Ti3C2Tx nanosheets in the development of a mechanically enhanced and efficient antibacterial dental resin composite
Authors: Hu Yingzi , Xu Zhiliang , Pu Junmei , Hu Lanping , Zi You , Wang Mengke , Feng Xingmei , Huang Weichun
Published: December 2022

The bacterial accumulation at the margins of dental resin composites is a main cause of secondary caries, which may further lead to prosthodontic failure. In this regard, this study for the first time incorporated 2D MXene Ti3C2Tx nanosheets (NSs) into epoxy resin at different mass ratios (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 wt%) by solution blending and direct curing for dental applications. Compared to the pure resin, the as-fabricated MXene/resin composite not only exhibited improved mechanical and abrasive results but also displayed gradually improved antibacterial activity with MXene loading which was further enhanced by illumination in natural light due to the high photothermal efficiency of MXene. In addition, the cytotoxicity result demonstrated that the MXene-modified resin did not cause severe damage to normal cells. This novel MXene/resin nanocomposite could pave the way for new designs for high-performance, multifunctional nanocomposites to effectively protect dental health in daily life.
Myosin-II proteins are involved in the growth, morphogenesis, and virulence of the human pathogenic fungus Mucor circinelloides
Authors: Trieu Trung Anh , Nguyen Phuong Anh , Le Mai Ngoc , Chu Huy Nhat
Published: December 2022

Mucormycosis is an emerging lethal invasive fungal infection. The infection caused by fungi belonging to the order Mucorales has been reported recently as one of the most common fungal infections among COVID-19 patients. The lack of understanding of pathogens, particularly at the molecular level, is one of the reasons for the difficulties in the management of the infection. Myosin is a diverse superfamily of actin-based motor proteins that have various cellular roles. Four families of myosin motors have been found in filamentous fungi, including myosin I, II, V, and fungus-specific chitin synthase with myosin motor domains. Our previous study on Mucor circinelloides, a common pathogen of mucormycosis, showed that the Myo5 protein (ID 51513) belonging to the myosin type V family had a critical impact on the growth and virulence of this fungus. In this study, to investigate the roles of myosin II proteins in M. circinelloides, silencing phenotypes and null mutants corresponding to myosin II encoding genes, designated mcmyo2A (ID 149958) and mcmyo2B (ID 136314), respectively, were generated. Those mutant strains featured a significantly reduced growth rate and impaired sporulation in comparison with the wild-type strain. Notably, the disruption of mcmyo2A led to an almost complete lack of sporulation. Both mutant strains displayed abnormally short, septate, and inflated hyphae with the presence of yeast-like cells and an unusual accumulation of pigment-filled vesicles. In vivo virulence assays of myosin-II mutant strains performed in the invertebrate model Galleria mellonella indicated that the mcmyo2A-knockout strain was avirulent, while the pathogenesis of the mcmyo2B null mutant was unaltered despite the low growth rate and impaired sporulation. The findings provide suggestions for critical contributions of the myosin II proteins to the polarity growth, septation, morphology, pigment transportation, and pathogenesis of M. circinelloides. The findings also implicate the myosin family as a potential target for future therapy to treat mucormycosis.
Landscape of intestinal microbiota in patients with IgA nephropathy, IgA vasculitis and Kawasaki disease
Authors: Hu Xueli , Fan Ru , Song Wenzhu , Qing Jianbo , Yan Xiaoyan , Li Yaheng , Duan Qi , Li Yafeng
Published: December 2022

Objective

To explore the common differential flora of IgAN, Kawasaki disease and IgA vasculitis by screening and analyzing the differential intestinal flora between the three disease groups of IgAN, Kawasaki disease and IgA vasculitis and their healthy controls.

Methods

Papers on 16srRNA sequencing-related intestinal flora of IgAN, Kawasaki disease and IgA vasculitis were searched in databases, the literature was systematically collated and analysed, the original data was download from the relevant databases, and then the operational taxonomic unit and species classification analysis were performed. Besides, Alpha diversity analysis and Beta diversity analysis were performed to screen for IgAN, Kawasaki disease and I1gA vasculitis groups and finally compare the common intestinal differential flora among the three groups.

Results

Among the common differential flora screened, Lachnospiracea_incertae_sedis was lower in both the IgAN and Kawasaki disease groups than in the respective healthy controls; Coprococcus was low in the IgAN group but high in the IgA vasculitis group. Fusicatenibacter was lower in both the Kawasaki disease and IgA vasculitis groups than in their respective healthy controls, and Intestinibacter was low in the Kawasaki disease group, but its expression was high in the IgA vasculitis group.

Conclusion

The dysbiosis of the intestinal flora in the three groups of patients with IgAN, Kawasaki disease and IgA vasculitis, its effect on the immunity of the organism and its role in the development of each disease group remain unclear, and the presence of their common differential flora may further provide new ideas for the association of the pathogenesis of the three diseases.
Differences in universal health coverage and governments' COVID-19 communication: A global comparative analysis
Authors: Weder Franzisca , Courtois Cedric
Published: December 2022

The incorporation of widespread, high-quality prevention campaigns and health communication is an integral part of universally accessible healthcare systems. Importantly, in the context of COVID-19, effective public health communication has proven a key mitigating factor. Considering the global differences in countries' universal health coverage, the scope of this study is to formally compare how governments around the globe communicated at the onset of the pandemic. Health communication research has traditionally focused mainly on practices within particular systems, whereas the global scale of the pandemic provides the opportunity to widen the analysis to differences between systems. In this study, 66,167 tweets from 324 government leaders, health ministers and ministries from 139 countries were analyzed using computational content analysis (i.e., topic modeling). The results show that as the pandemic initially intensified, countries with lower degrees of access to universal healthcare were inclined to communicate differently than countries with widely accessible and strongly equipped health care systems. More specifically, the former compensated their structural vulnerabilities and lack of tradition in health communication by highlighting individual and community responsibilities over government measures. In contrast, the latter countries emphasized the aptness of their healthcare systems and infrastructures.
Myocardial strain analysis of echocardiography based on deep learning
Authors: Deng Yinlong , Cai Peiwei , Zhang Li , Cao Xiongcheng , Chen Yequn , Jiang Shiyan , Zhuang Zhemin , Wang Bin
Published: December 2022

Background

Strain analysis provides more thorough spatiotemporal signatures for myocardial contraction, which is helpful for early detection of cardiac insufficiency. The use of deep learning (DL) to automatically measure myocardial strain from echocardiogram videos has garnered recent attention. However, the development of key techniques including segmentation and motion estimation remains a challenge. In this work, we developed a novel DL-based framework for myocardial segmentation and motion estimation to generate strain measures from echocardiogram videos.

Methods

Three-dimensional (3D) Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) was developed for myocardial segmentation and optical flow network for motion estimation. The segmentation network was used to define the region of interest (ROI), and the optical flow network was used to estimate the pixel motion in the ROI. We performed a model architecture search to identify the optimal base architecture for motion estimation. The final workflow design and associated hyperparameters are the result of a careful implementation. In addition, we compared the DL model with a traditional speck tracking algorithm on an independent, external clinical data. Each video was double-blind measured by an ultrasound expert and a DL expert using speck tracking echocardiography (STE) and DL method, respectively.

Results

The DL method successfully performed automatic segmentation, motion estimation, and global longitudinal strain (GLS) measurements in all examinations. The 3D segmentation has better spatio-temporal smoothness, average dice correlation reaches 0.82, and the effect of target frame is better than that of previous 2D networks. The best motion estimation network achieved an average end-point error of 0.05 ± 0.03 mm per frame, better than previously reported state-of-the-art. The DL method showed no significant difference relative to the traditional method in GLS measurement, Spearman correlation of 0.90 (p < 0.001) and mean bias −1.2 ± 1.5%.

Conclusion

In conclusion, our method exhibits better segmentation and motion estimation performance and demonstrates the feasibility of DL method for automatic strain analysis. The DL approach helps reduce time consumption and human effort, which holds great promise for translational research and precision medicine efforts.
Low physical activity is associated with adverse health outcome and higher costs in Indonesia: A national panel study
Authors: Anindya Kanya , Marthias Tiara , Zulfikar Biruni Muhammad , Hage Sophia , Ng Nawi , Laverty Anthony A. , McPake Barbara , Millett Christopher , Haregu Tilahun Nigatu , Hulse Emily S. G. , Cao Yingting , Lee John Tayu
Published: December 2022

Aims

To assess the association between low physical activity, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and risk factors, health service utilization, risk of catastrophic health expenditure, and work productivity in Indonesia.

Methods

In this population-based, panel data analysis, we used data from two waves of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) for 2007/2008 and 2014/2015. Respondents aged 40–80 years who participated in both waves were included in this study (n = 5,936). Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF). Multinomial logistic regression model was used to examine factors associated with physical activity levels (low, moderate, and high). We applied a series of multilevel mixed-effect panel regression to examine the associations between physical activity and outcome variables.

Results

The prevalence of low physical activity increased from 18.2% in 2007 to 39.6% in 2014. Compared with those with high physical activity, respondents with low physical activity were more likely to have a 10-year high CVD risk (AOR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.51–2.95), use outpatient care (AOR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.07–1.96) and inpatient care (AOR 1.45, 95% CI: 1.07–1.96), experience catastrophic health expenditure of 10% of total household expenditure (AOR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.21–2.28), and have lower labor participation (AOR: 0.24, 95% 0.20–0.28).

Conclusions

Low physical activity is associated with adverse health outcomes and considerable costs to the health system and wider society. Accelerated implementation of public health policies to reduce physical inactivity is likely to result in substantial population health and economic benefits.
Association between the metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) among health check-up population in Japan: A retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Gailing , Tao Lin , Zhu Qing , Jiao Xiaojing , Yan Lei , Shao Fengmin
Published: December 2022

Aim

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between a new metric—metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR)—and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) among Japanese participants who underwent health check-ups.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study that involved participants in a medical health screening program, which was conducted at the Medical Health Check-up Center in Japan. This retrospective study examined the relationship between METS-IR and eGFR among 881 individuals that joined the program between March 1, 2004, and December 31, 2012. Covariates consisted of serum laboratory tests and lifestyle questionnaires. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to explore the association between METS-IR and eGFR. In addition, subgroup and interaction analyses were done based on age, sex, body mass index (BMI), alcohol use, smoking status, and hyperuricemia.

Results

A total of 881 individuals participated in this study. High METS-IR was highly linked with reduced eGFR (adjusted β = -5.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): -7.65 to -2.43), while METS-IR was utilized as a categorical variable inside the multiple regression analysis. A decrease in eGFR of 2.54 units was reported for every 10-unit rise in METS-IR (adjusted β = -2.54, 95% CI: -4.04 to -1.05, P-value = 0.001). Stratified analysis suggested no marked interaction between METS-IR and eGFR across age, sex, BMI, and alcohol consumption groups. However, there was an indication of interaction between METS-IR level, smoking status (P-value = 0.001), and uric level (P-value = 0.011) on eGFR decrease.

Conclusions

METS-IR is remarkably associated with eGFR among the participants who underwent health check-ups in Gifu, Japan. Although more studies are required to prove it, METS-IR could be applied as a monitoring index for early screening, primary prevention, and diagnostic and treatment management strategies for chronic kidney disease.
PPARα: An emerging target of metabolic syndrome, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Lin Yijun , Wang Yan , Li Pei-feng
Published: December 2022

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that is involved in lipid metabolism of various tissues. Different metabolites of fatty acids and agonists like fibrates activate PPARα for its transactivative or repressive function. PPARα is known to affect diverse human diseases, and we focus on advanced studies of its transcriptional regulation in these diseases. In MAFLD, PPARα shows a protective function with its upregulation of lipid oxidation and mitochondrial biogenesis and transcriptional repression of inflammatory genes, which is similar in Alzheimer’s disease and cardiovascular disease. Activation of PPARα also prevents the progress of diabetes complications; however, its role in diabetes and cancers remains uncertain. Some PPARα-specific agonists, such as Wy14643 and fenofibrate, have been applied in metabolic syndrome treatment, which might own potential in wider application. Future studies may further explore the functions and interventions of PPARα in cancer, diabetes, immunological diseases, and neurodegenerative disease.
Investigating the causal mediating effect of type 2 diabetes on the relationship between traits and systolic blood pressure: A two-step Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Hao Xuezeng , Li Weixin , Shi Ruiqing , Wang Qiuhong
Published: December 2022

Background

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension commonly coexist, and we presumed that T2DM might mediate the relationship between some shared risk factors and systolic blood pressure (SBP).

Methods

The causal association between T2DM and SBP was first confirmed using Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, and a two-step MR design was then used to test the causal mediating effect of T2DM on the relationship between 107 traits and SBP using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies.

Results

T2DM was causally associated with SBP. The univariable MR of the two-step causal mediation analyses suggested that 44 and 45 of the 107 traits had causal associations with T2DM and SBP, respectively. Five of the 27 traits that were significantly associated with both T2DM and SBP could not be reversely altered by T2DM and were included in the second step of the causal mediation analyses. The results indicated that most of the investigated traits causally altered SBP independent of T2DM, but the partial causal mediating effect of T2DM on the association between fasting insulin and SBP was successfully identified with a mediation proportion of 33.6%.

Conclusions

Our study provides novel insights into the role of risk factors in the comorbidity of T2DM and high blood pressure, which is important for long-term disease prevention and management.
Nomogram incorporating ultrasonic markers of endometrial receptivity to determine the embryo-endometrial synchrony after in vitro fertilization
Authors: He Qi , Zhou Ying , Zhou Weiqin , Mao Caiping , Kang Qian , Pan Yanping , Wang Nan , Zhong Yanyu , Pan Zhansheng
Published: December 2022

Background

A successful pregnancy using in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) requires a receptive endometrium, good-quality embryos, and a synchronized embryo-endometrial dialogue. Although embryo quality and endometrial receptivity (ER) have been fully assessed to exclude substandard conditions, the probability of successful ET is relatively low. Currently, embryo-endometrial synchrony is considered to be a possible explanation, because delayed, advanced, or narrowed window of implantation (WOI) may lead to ET failure.

Objective

This study aims to establish a nomogram incorporating a series of ultrasonic ER markers on the day before implantation to assess the embryo-endometrial synchrony, which may contribute to the improvement of clinical pregnancy outcomes.

Methods

Totally 583 women with 1135 complete IVF cycles were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 357 women with 698 cycles and 226 women with 437 cycles were assigned to the training and validation cohorts, respectively. Ultrasonic ER markers obtained on the day before implantation were collected for analyses. In the training cohort, the screened correlates of clinical pregnancy failure were utilized to develop a nomogram for determining whether an infertile woman is suitable for the ET next day. This model was validated both in the training and validation cohorts.

Results

Spiral artery (SA) resistance index (RI), vascularisation index (VI), and flow index (FI) were independently associated with the ET failure (all P < 0.05). They were served as the components of the developed nomogram to visualize the likelihood of implantation failure in IVF-ET. This model was validated to present good discrimination and calibration, and obtained clinical net benefits both in the training and validation cohorts.

Conclusion

We developed a nomogram that included SA-RI, VI, and FI on the day before implantation. It may assist physicians to identify patients with displaced WOI, thus avoiding meaningless ET prior to implantation.
A bibliometric analysis of autophagy in lung diseases from 2012 to 2021
Authors: Lin Feihong , Chen Yong , Mo Wei , Zhou Huanping , Xiao Zhuoran , Hu Song , Shi Xuan , Liu Meiyun , Wei Juan , Zhu Wanli , Wang Sheng , Lv Xin
Published: December 2022

Background

Autophagy refers to the process in which cells wrap their damaged organelles or unwanted proteins into a double-membrane structure and direct them to lysosomes for degradation. Autophagy can regulate many lung diseases such as pulmonary hypertension, acute lung injury, and lung cancer. However, few bibliometric studies on autophagy are available. The aim of the present study was to clarify the role of autophagy in lung diseases by bibliometric analysis.

Methods

Publications were retrieved from the 2012–2021 Science Citation Index Expanded of Web of Science Core Collection on 20 September 2022. Bibliometrix package in R software was used for data retrieval. VOSviewer and CiteSpace were used to visualize the research focus and trend regarding the effect of autophagy on lung disease.

Results

A total of 4,522 original articles and reviews on autophagy in lung diseases published between 2012 and 2021 were identified. China had the largest number of published papers and citations, whereas the United States (US) ranked first in the H-index and G-index. Moreover, cooperation network analysis showed close cooperation between the US, China, and some European countries, and the top 10 affiliates were all from these countries and regions. Bibliometric analysis showed that “autophagy” and “apoptosis” were the keywords with the highest frequency. During the past decade, most studies were concerned with basic research on pathways related to the regulatory role of autophagy in the inhibition and attenuation of lung diseases.

Conclusion

The study of autophagy in lung diseases is still in the development stage. The information published in these articles has helped researchers understand further the hot spots and development trends in the field more and learn about the collaboration network information regarding authors, countries, and institutions, as well as the paper citation correlation. More studies have been performed to gain deeper insights into the pathogenesis of autophagy by focusing on the links and effects between various diseases. More recently, research in this field has paid increasing attention to the function of autophagy in COVID-19–related lung diseases.
Tumor necrosis factor-α-primed mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promote M2 macrophage polarization via Galectin-1 and modify intrauterine adhesion on a novel murine model
Authors: Li Jingman , Pan Yuchen , Yang Jingjing , Wang Jiali , Jiang Qi , Dou Huan , Hou Yayi
Published: December 2022

Background

Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is a condition caused due to damage or infection of the endometrium. It is characterized by continuous inflammation and following fibrosis and dysfunction. However, the current animal IUA models have several disadvantages, including complex operation, high mortality, and many extra distractions owing to opening of the abdominal cavity to expose the uterus. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which have been used in treatment of IUA, are heterogeneous and immunosuppressive. However, their therapeutic effect is not as good as expected.

Methods

Here, we successfully built a new murine IUA model, called electric tool-scratching IUA model, and applied it in our experiments to investigate the efficacy of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) primed MSCs (T-MSCs). In the new model, we used a self-made electric tool that can cause mechanical damage to the endometrium without opening the abdominal cavity. ELISA and histological staining analysis were performed to evaluate pathological features of IUA. qRT-PCR, flow cytometry and immunofluoresence staining were performed to detect the phenotypes of macrophages. TMT proteomics quantification and western blotting assay were performed to analyze the differentially expressed proteins of MSC exosomes.

Results

Based on the new IUA model, we found TNF-α pretreatment could enhance the ability of MSCs to relieve inflammation and reduce endometrium fibrosis. Mechanistically, T-MSC promoted macrophage polarization to M2 phenotype through exosomes. Subsequently, we found the expression of Galectin-1 was increased in T-MSC exosomes. Finally, we analyzed the gene expression pattern of Galectin-1 treated macrophages and found Galectin-1 promoted macrophage polarization to M2 phenotype mainly through the Jak-STAT signaling pathway.

Conclusions

Our studies proposed an innovative mouse model and a better MSC treatment strategy for IUA.
Polystyrene nanoplastics alleviate the toxicity of CuO nanoparticles to the marine algae Platymonas helgolandica var. tsingtaoensis
Authors: Liu Fei-fei , Gao Zhi-yin , Chu Wang-chao , Wang Su-chun
Published: December 2022

The increasing presence of pollutants such as engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) and nanoplastics (NPLs) poses potential risks to the marine environment. However, there is a scarcity of information on their joint toxic effects. In this study, we investigated the toxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles (nCuO) combined with polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPLs) on the marine microalgae Platymonas helgolandica var. tsingtaoensis. The inhibitory effect of nCuO increased with increasing concentrations, and nCuO ≥ 100 mg/L significantly restrained the growth and chlorophyll content of microalgae. nCuO could be adsorbed by algal cells, which was responsible for membrane lipid oxidation and the disruption of membrane permeability. Simultaneous exposure to nCuO and PS-NPLs had a.n antagonistic effect on the growth inhibition of the microalgae, and nCuO played a leading role in the joint toxicity of nCuO and PS-NPLs. In comparison to nCuO exposure alone, combined exposure decreased the oxidative stress and alleviated the increase in the cell membrane permeability of microalgae. PS-NPLs could heteroaggregate with nCuO, which reduced the interaction between nCuO and microalgae, inducing decreased joint toxicity. Findings of this study will clarify our understanding of the joint toxicity of ENPs and NPLs.
Assessing the effects of no-take zones in a marine protected area spanning two ecoregions and rock substrate types
Authors: Baliwe Ndiviwe Gabriel , Pfaff Maya C. , Branch George M.
Published: December 2022

This study assessed the effectiveness of no-take areas in the Table Mountain National Park MPA in protecting the biodiversity of intertidal rocky shores from impacts of harvesting. Surveys were conducted in areas of controlled harvesting and in no-take areas to compare the densities and sizes of exploited species and the community composition between shores experiencing these two levels of protection, in two ecoregions and on two types of rock substrate. Clear patterns emerged. Firstly, no-take areas had significantly greater densities of the exploited limpets Cymbula granatina, C. oculus and Scutellastra argenvillei, particularly on sandstone shores, relative to their abundance in harvested areas. Conversely, densities of the rarely harvested limpets S. cochlear, S. longicosta and S. granularis did not differ in any manner consistent with protection levels. Secondly, C. granatina and S. argenvillei were significantly larger in no-take areas, although C. oculus displayed the opposite pattern. None of the rarely harvested limpets showed consistent differences in sizes between protection levels. Thirdly, community composition differed between protection levels, particularly on sandstone shores and in the lower intertidal zones where limpets are common. No-take areas were distinguished by greater abundances of harvested limpets and mussels, while harvested areas were dominated by ephemeral and corticated algae, which flourished under reduced grazing pressure by limpets. Our study provides congruent evidence that no-take areas within this MPA are effective in maintaining a natural rocky-shore community composition, and natural densities and size structures of exploited species, testifying to the management success of no-take areas in the Table Mountain National Park, especially on sandstone shores of the Southern Benguela, where densities of harvested species are high, and harvesting is concentrated.
Ocean acidification and ammonium enrichment interact to stimulate a short-term spike in growth rate of a bloom forming macroalga
Authors: Reidenbach Leah B. , Dudgeon Steve R. , Kübler Janet E.
Published: December 2022

Introduction

The coastal macroalgal genus, Ulva, is found worldwide and is considered a nuisance algal genus due to its propensity for forming vast blooms. The response of Ulva to ocean acidification (OA) is of concern, particularly with nutrient enrichment, as these combined drivers may enhance algal blooms because of increased availability of dissolved inorganic resources.

Methods

We determined how a suite of physiological parameters were affected by OA and ammonium (NH4+) enrichment in 22-day laboratory experiments to gain a mechanistic understanding of growth, nutrient assimilation, and photosynthetic processes. We predicted how physiological parameters change across a range of pCO2 and NH4+ scenarios to ascertain bloom potential under future climate change regimes.

Results

During the first five days of growth, there was a positive synergy between pCO2 and NH4+ enrichment, which could accelerate initiation of an Ulva bloom. After day 5, growth rates declined overall and there was no effect of pCO2, NH4+, nor their interaction. pCO2 and NH4+ acted synergistically to increase NO3- uptake rates, which may have contributed to increased growth in the first five days. Under the saturating photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) used in this experiment (500 μmol photon m-2 s-1), maximum photosynthetic rates were negatively affected by increased pCO2, which could be due to increased sensitivity to light when high CO2 reduces energy requirements for inorganic carbon acquisition. Activity of CCMs decreased under high pCO2 and high NH4+ conditions indicating that nutrients play a role in alleviating photodamage and regulating CCMs under high-light intensities.

Discussion

This study demonstrates that OA could play a role in initiating or enhancing Ulva blooms in a eutrophic environment and highlights the need for understanding the potential interactions among light, OA, and nutrient enrichment in regulating photosynthetic processes.
Mechanical behavior of spiral reinforcement recycled aggregate concrete round columns under axial compression after spraying water at high temperatures
Authors: Wang Xin , Li Junya , Huang Leiqun , Xie Wangjun , Chen Zongping
Published: December 2022

Spiral hoops can effectively enhance the load-bearing capacity of recycled aggregate concrete columns, and the mechanical performance of such a member after experiencing fire and a fire sprinkler is very important for its application and promotion. Aiming at this problem, the mechanical behavior of spiral reinforcement recycled aggregate concrete round columns under axial compression after spraying water at high temperatures cooling was investigated. Three parameters including recycled coarse aggregate replacement ratio, temperature, and pitch of screw stirrups were taken into consideration. 26 specimens were designed for static loading test. The failure modes of regenerated concrete columns with spiral reinforcement were observed after cooling by high-temperature water spraying. The mechanical properties of specimens under different cooling modes after high temperatures were obtained and analyzed. The results indicate that the effect of the recycled aggregate replacement ratio on the performance of the specimens was mainly in terms of peak displacement. And the reduction in the spiral stirrup spacing increases the peak load and ductility coefficient of the specimens. The high temperature above 600°C has a obvious effect on the mechanical properties of the specimens. Water spray cooling can reduce the appearance of small cracks on the surface of the specimens and their peak displacement. The calculation method of bearing capacity of regenerated spiral reinforced concrete columns cooled by high-temperature water spraying was discussed.
The influence of the modifying elements on the microstructure, mechanical, and deformation properties of aluminum alloys
Authors: Alzahrani Mahmoud A. , Moustafa Essam B. , Alsoruji Ghazi , Mosleh Ahmed O.
Published: December 2022

In the current work, the standard A242 aluminum cast alloy is modified using the stir casting method with titanium (Ti) (0.5% wt.) and boron (B) (0.1% wt.) modifiers. Polarized optical and scanning electron microscopy were utilized to examine the A242 base microstructure, and A242 + TiB modified alloys; the results revealed that the modified A242 + TiB alloy was refined by 13.5 times more than the as-cast alloy. The mechanical properties were investigated experimentally using compression test in addition to the hardness test; the results revealed that the ultimate compressive strength of the A242 + TiB modified alloy was increased by 9.0% more than those of the A242 standard alloy. Moreover, the yield stress was enhanced by 40% at room temperature and 20% at 250 °C. The dynamic properties were studied using a free vibration impact test to study the modifiers’ effect on the dynamic behavior. The grain refinement notably impacted the damping capacity; due to the as-cast inhomogeneity, the conventional alloy A242 exhibited a greater FRF than the modified alloy A242 + TiB. The modified alloy displayed fewer resonance peaks due to grain refinement and excellent intermetallic phase distribution. The simulation process of the investigated alloys was performed using ABAQUS finite element software to predict the deformation behavior under different temperatures. The FE results showed that the modified alloy was more resistant to deformation by 9.1% than the reference alloy, A242, at room temperature and 7.6% at 250 °C, which agreed with the experimental findings.
The integration of morphological design and topology optimization to enhance the visual quality of electricity pylons
Authors: Di Angelo Luca , Furferi Rocco , Gherardini Francesco , Guardiani Emanuele
Published: December 2022

Purpose: This paper aims to enhance the visual quality of artificial above-ground structures, like pylons, masts, and towers of infrastructures and facilities, through a systematic design method for their morphological and structural optimization.

Design/methodology/approach: The method achieves the functional and aesthetic goals based on the application of computer-aided tools. In particular, this is achieved according to three key steps:

• Morphological development of landscape-related symbolism, environment, or culture and social needs.

• Topology optimization of the design concept to reduce the structural weight and its visual impact.

• Engineering of the resulting optimized structure.

Practical implications: As a case study, the method is used for designing electricity pylons for the coastal territory of a Mediterranean European country, such as Italy. Citizens were involved during the identification phase of a symbolic shape for the concept development and during the final assessment phase.

Research limitations/implications: The engineering phase has been performed by assembling standard lattice components with welded connections. Even if the use of this truss-like structure should lead to a minimum cost, the developed structure employs an additional 15%–20% of trusses and sheet metal covers the final cost is higher than a standard lattice pylon.

Findings: The result is a structure with enhanced visual quality according to the international guidelines and fully complying with mandatory and functional requirements, such as regulatory and industrial feasibility, as well as those arising from social components.

Originality/value: The method shows its potential in defining a custom design for lightweight structures with enhanced visual quality regarding the critical situation discussed here. The method considers both the subjective perception of citizens and their priorities and the landscape where the structures will be installed.