bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ERTELEME DAVRANIŞININ ÖNCÜLLERİ OLARAK DIŞ KONTROL ODAKLILIK VE ROL ÇATIŞMASI: AMPİRİK BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: GÜĞERÇİN Utku , KORKMAZYÜREK Haluk
Published: March 2020

Bir tür öz düzenleme yetersizliği olan erteleme davranışı gerek çalışanlar gerekse örgütler için istenilmeyen sonuçlara yol açmakta ve gittikçe büyüyen bir tehdit oluşturarak yaygınlaşmaktadır. Erteleme davranışı sıklıkla çalışanların kişilik özellikleri ile ilişkilendirilse de örgütsel düzeydeki unsurların da erteleme üzerinde etkili olduğu bilinmektedir. Buna rağmen konuyla ilgili yapılan çalışmalarda, kişilik özellikleri ile birlikte örgütsel değişkenlere yeterli düzeyde odaklanılmadığı görülmüştür. Bu noktadan hareketle çalışmanın amacı, bir karakter özelliği olan dış kontrol odaklılığın ve örgütsel bir unsur olan rol çatışmasının erteleme davranışı üzerindeki etkisinin tespit edilmesidir. Araştırmanın kuramsal çerçevesini, sosyal öğrenme ve öz düzenleme teorileri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında, özel sektörde görevli 224 çalışandan anket yöntemi ile veri temin edilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin yapısal eşitlik modeli ile analizi neticesinde, gerek dış kontrol odaklılığın gerekse rol çatışmasının erteleme davranışını pozitif yönde etkilediği görülmüştür.
FESTİVAL ALGISI, FESTİVAL MEMNUNİYETİ, FESTİVAL DEĞERİ VE AİDİYET İLİŞKİSİ: ESKİŞEHİR SOKAK LEZZETLERİ FESTİVALİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: DEMİRCİ Barış , YILMAZDOĞAN O. Can , DÜŞMEZKALENDER Ebru
Published: March 2020

Araştırma ile Eskişehir Sokak Lezzetleri Festivali’ni ziyaret eden katılımcıların festival algıları, memnuniyetleri, festivalin algıladıkları değeri ve destinasyona aidiyetleri arasındaki ilişkileri bütünleşik bir bakış açısıyla araştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, ilgili alanyazın incelenerek araştırma modeli oluşturulmuştur. Değişkenler arası ilişkileri test edebilmek için Ekim 2018 tarihinde gerçekleştirilen 3. Eskişehir Sokak Lezzetleri Festivali’ni ziyaret eden yerli turistlere kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile ulaşılmış ve 226 kişi ile yüz yüze anket uygulaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Eksik ya da hatalı doldurulduğu tespit edilen 26 anket analize dâhil edilmemiş olup 200 anket formu değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Toplanan veriler güncel istatistik programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen korelasyon analizi ile festival algısı, memnuniyet, festival değeri ve destinasyon aidiyeti değişkenleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif yönlü ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Bu ilişkiler; festivale yönelik olumlu algıların, festival memnuniyetinin ve festivalin algılanan değerinin, turistlerin destinasyon aidiyetini olumlu yönde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla bir destinasyona olan aidiyeti geliştirmede, festivallerin olumlu etkilerinin göz önünde bulundurulması gerektiği söylenebilir.
Non-HDL Cholesterol Levels in Childhood and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Adulthood
Authors: Juonala Markus , Wu Feitong , Sinaiko Alan , Woo Jessica G. , Urbina Elaine M. , Jacobs David , Steinberger Julia , Prineas Ronald , Koskinen Juha , Sabin Matthew A. , Burgner David P. , Burns Trudy L. , Bazzano Lydia , Venn Alison , Viikari Jorma S.A. , Hutri-Kähönen Nina , Daniels Stephen R. , Dwyer Terence , Raitakari Olli T. , Magnussen Costan G.
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND:

Elevated non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are used to identify children at increased cardiovascular risk, but the use of non–HDL-C in childhood to predict atherosclerosis is unclear. We examined whether the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute classification of youth non–HDL-C status predicts high common carotid artery intima-media thickness in adulthood.

METHODS:

We analyzed data from 4 prospective cohorts among 4582 children aged 3 to 19 years who were remeasured as adults (mean follow-up of 26 years). Non–HDL-C status in youth and adulthood was classified according to cut points of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. High carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in adulthood was defined as at or above the study visit-, age-, sex-, race-, and cohort-specific 90th percentile of intima-media thickness.

RESULTS:

In a log-binomial regression analysis adjusted with age at baseline, sex, cohort, length of follow-up, baseline BMI, and systolic blood pressure, children with dyslipidemic non–HDL-C were at increased risk of high cIMT in adulthood (relative risk [RR], 1.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07–1.55). Compared with the persistent normal group, the persistent dyslipidemia group (RR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.37–2.37) and incident dyslipidemia (normal to dyslipidemia) groups (RR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.07–1.96) had increased risk of high cIMT in adulthood, but the risk was attenuated for the resolution (dyslipidemia to normal) group (RR, 1.17; 95% CI, 0.97–1.41).

CONCLUSIONS:

Dyslipidemic non–HDL-C levels predict youth at risk for developing high cIMT in adulthood. Those who resolve their non–HDL-C dyslipidemia by adulthood have normalized risk of developing high cIMT in adulthood.
COVID-19 Pandemic and Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Rali Aniket S , Sauer Andrew J
Published: March 2020

There seems to be a unique interplay between 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and cardiovascular diseases, although it is predominantly a respiratory illness. Patients with pre-existing cardiovascular co-morbidities appear to be at highest risk for mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) along with the elderly; COVID-19 also contributes to cardiovascular complications, including acute coronary syndromes, arrhythmias, myocarditis, acute heart failure, and, in the most severe cases, cardiogenic shock and death. Several medications proposed in the treatment of COVID-19 require cardiac monitoring owing to their cardiac-specific adverse effects. Ultimately, the COVID-19 pandemic has jeopardized the safety of heart transplantation and has placed transplant recipients on immunosuppressive therapies at significant risk. In this article, the authors summarize the rapidly emerging data on the cardiovascular implications of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19.
Changes in bitterness, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of grapefruit juice fermented by Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains
Authors: Tran A.M. , Nguyen T.B. , Nguyen V.D. , Bujna E. , Dam M.S. , Nguyen Q.D.
Published: March 2020

Four strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium including L. plantarum 01, L. fermentum D13, L. rhamnosus B01725, and B. bifidum B7.5 exhibiting naringinase production were applied in grapefruit juice fermentation. All investigated strains grew well in grapefruit juice without nutrition supplementation. In all cases, cell counts were 108–109 CFU ml−1 after 24 hours of fermentation. The highest lactic acid and acetic acid productions were observed in the case of strain L. plantarum 01. The L. plantarum 01 and L. fermentum D13 strains prefer glucose over fructose and sucrose, whereas fructose was the most favoured sugar for L. rhamnosus B01725 and B. bifidum B7.5. At the end of the fermentation process, antioxidant activity and total polyphenol content of grapefruit juice decreased in all cases, but the changes were not significant. Significant decrease of naringin was observed in the case of L. plantarum 01, 28% naringin in grapefruit juice was removed after fermentation. This result is promising for development of technology for production of probiotic grapefruit juice.
Government regulation and consumer evaluation after dairy products scandal in China
Authors: Shao Y. , Chen G. , Li R. , Liu F.
Published: March 2020

With the continuous expansion of the global dairy trade market, the quality and safety of the Chinese dairy market have a wide and far-reaching impact on the world. Based on the development of the dairy scandal in the past few years in China, this study illustrates the serious damage of melamine on human health and the negative impact on the dairy industry in China.

This study shows that the lack of effective government regulations is a key reason for dairy market failure. Consumers are lacking confidence in the quality of Chinese dairy products and the government's market regulations. The Chinese dairy market will continue to rely on imported dairy products. By analyzing the typical cases of the dairy market in China, this study aims to provide a guide for dairy industries in other countries.
Improving the performance of porous asphalt with reclaimed asphalt, dune sand and lime
Authors: Siala Ahmed , El Euch Khay Saloua , Loulizi Amara , Neji Jamel
Published: March 2020

A porous asphalt pavement is an open-graded asphalt mix that allows rainwater to drain through the surface layer. When designing a pavement structure, the porous asphalt layer is generally not taken into consideration due to its poor mechanical characteristics. The objective of this research study was to reuse reclaimed asphalt pavement in a porous asphalt mixture and then to improve the performance of the resulting mix by adding dune sand and lime. Several porous asphalt mixes with the addition of different percentages of reclaimed asphalt, dune sand and lime were tested. The results obtained showed an improvement in the mechanical performance of the tested porous asphalt mixes, especially when using 40% reclaimed asphalt, 10% dune sand and 1% lime. Marshall stability and Duriez compressive strengths increased when compared to the values obtained with a reference porous asphalt mixture, by 42 and 66%, respectively, while the flow decreased by 30%. In addition, except for the splitting tensile strength, all other studied mechanical characteristics were better than those of the ordinary well-graded hot-mix asphalt.
Rethinking retail digitisation in urban settings. The case of Leipzig, Germany
Authors: Korzer Tanja , Hübscher Marcus , Schade Katrin , Ringel Johannes
Published: March 2020

Digitisation is considered as a key transformation in urban development and retail. However, in academia, a strong focus is laid on large cities, as they are considered to be at the front line of this transformation. Second-tier cities are often neglected, although digitisation is seen as a process that offers both challenges and opportunities. This paper has two research objectives. First, it investigates the German city hierarchy using social, economic and retail data. Based on a cluster analysis of the 14 largest German cities, two clusters have been identified, revealing a stark contrast between more innovative and faster-growing areas (cluster 1) and cities with rather moderate dynamics (cluster 2). Second, Leipzig is chosen as a representative of German second-tier cities. By means of an urban living lab, the aim is to investigate the ongoing process of digitisation bringing together relevant stakeholders such as retailers, citizens, logisticians, researchers and the municipality. Different digital tools are put to the test. On that basis, living labs are discussed as a scientific approach, bridging the gap between theory and practice and adding further evidence of how digitisation takes place aside from first-tier cities.
Book review
Authors: Rooij Remon
Published: March 2020

‘One Planet’ Cities: Sustaining Humanity within Planetary Limits
ABD MERKEZİ İSTİHBARAT TEŞKİLATI (CIA) ARŞİV BELGELERİNE GÖRE EGE SORUNU
Authors: KIYANÇ Sinan
Published: March 2020

Ege Sorunu, Türkiye ile Yunanistan ilişkilerinde önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Ege Denizi’ndeki adaların çokluğu ve sınırların belirlenmemesi birçok kez iki ülkeyi savaşın eşiğine getirmiştir. Soğuk Savaş’ın hemen başından günümüze değin varlığını sürdüren Ege Sorunu, ABD’nin bölgesel çıkarlarını da etkilemiştir. Soğuk Savaş yıllarında Batı Blokunda yer alan iki ülke arasında yaşanacak bir sıcak çatışma ABD’nin bölgedeki çıkarlarını olumsuz olarak etkileyeceğinden ABD Merkezi İstihbarat Teşkilatı CIA, Ege Denizi’nde yaşanan gelişmeleri yakından takip etmiştir. Bu süreçte CIA, ABD’nin diğer istihbarat teşkilatlarıyla ortak hareket ederek ABD’nin gelişmeler karşısında tavrını şekillendirmeye çalışmıştır. Bu nedenle CIA Arşivi, Ege Sorunu hakkında zengin bir içerik barındırmaktadır. Çalışmada, Soğuk Savaş yıllarında adaların genel durumu üzerinde durulurken yaşanan gelişmeler CIA arşiv belgeleri ışığında ele alınmaktadır. Belgelerde o dönem yaşanan gelişmelerin perde arkası, bulgu ve belgeler perspektifinde elde edilen bilgiler ortaya konulmaktadır.
Protocol for Differentiation of Blood-Brain Barrier Endothelial Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells v1
Authors: Lippmann Ethan , Wilson Hannah , Neal Emma
Published: March 2020

Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived developmental lineages are key tools for invitro mechanistic interrogations, drug discovery, and disease modeling. iPSCs have previously been differentiated to endothelial cells with blood-brain barrier (BBB) properties, as defined by high transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER), low passive permeability, and active transporter functions. Typical protocols use undefined components, which impart unacceptable variability on the differentiation process. We demonstrate that replacement of serum with fully defined components, from common medium supplements to a simple mixture of insulin, transferrin, and selenium, yields BBB endothelium with TEER in the range of 2,000-8,000Ω × cm2across multiple iPSC lines, with appropriate marker expression and active transporters. The use of a fully defined medium vastly improves the consistency of differentiation, and co-culture of BBB endothelium with iPSC-derived astrocytes produces a robust invitro neurovascular model. This defined differentiation scheme should broadly enable the use of human BBB endothelium for diverse applications.
Autoclaving Erlenmeyer Flasks for Sterile Algal Cultures v1
Authors: Nedbal Jakub
Published: March 2020

This protocol describes autoclaving the Erlenmeyer flasks for sterile microalgae culture. It describes the cleaning and preparation of flasks for autoclaving. In the second part, the protocol describes the method of autoclaving.
Protocol for whitefly genetic analysis v1
Authors: Nwezeobi Joachim , Onyegbule Onyeyirichi , Nkere Chukwuemeka , Onyeka Joseph , van Brunschot Sharon , Seal Susan , Colvin John
Published: March 2020

Bemisia tabaci(sensu latu) is a group of >40 highly cryptic whitefly species that are of global agricultural importance, both as crop pests and plant-virus vectors. Two devastating cassava diseases in East and Central Africa are spread by abundant populations of one of these species termed Sub-Saharan Africa 1 (SSA1). There is a substantive risk that these whitefly-borne pandemics will continue to spread westwards and disrupt cassava production for millions of smallholder farmers in West Africa. We report here, therefore, the first comprehensive survey of cassava B. tabaci in eastern Nigeria, a West African region likely to be the first affected by the arrival of these whitefly-borne pandemics. We found one haplotype comprising 32 individuals with 100% identical mtCO1 sequence to the East African SSA1 populations (previously termed SSA1-SG1) and 19 mtCO1 haplotypes of Sub-Saharan Africa 3 (SSA3), the latter being the most prevalent and widely distributed B. tabaci species in eastern Nigeria. A more divergent SSA1 mtCO1 sequence (previously termed SSA1-SG5) was also identified in the region, as were mtCO1 sequences identifying the presence of the MED ASL B. tabaci species and Bemisia afer. Although B. tabaci SSA1 was found in eastern Nigeria, they were not present in the high abundances associated with the cassava mosaic (CMD) and cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) pandemics of East and Central Africa. Also, no severe CMD or any CBSD symptoms were found in the region.
CellTiter-Glo® Luminescent Cell Viability Assay v1
Authors: Goulding Leah
Published: March 2020

CellTiter-Glo® Luminescent Cell Viability Assay used for measuring cytotoxicity of compounds of interest.
Focus forming assay, influenza A virus titration v1
Authors: Goulding Leah
Published: March 2020

Method used for progeny virus quantification of cell culture supernatants.
Viral Sequencing, from Gunk to Graph (One-Step four-primer PCR alternative) v1
Authors: A Eccles David
Published: March 2020

This is a fast "gunk to graph" protocol for analysing viral RNA from nasopharyngeal swabs. The approach involves swab lysis and inactivation at the point of sampling, uses a cellulose binding / wash protocol to reduce extraction cost, incorporates sample-specific barcodes during first-strand synthesis, nanopore rapid-attachment primers during PCR amplification, and nanopore sequencing with parallel RAMPART analysis for fast assembly and phylogenetics. Note: this is a one-step RT-PCR reaction protocol. For an alternative method that allows more multiplexing flexibility, see the protocol that this has been forked from: https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bd3yi8pw
CRITERIA TO EVALUATE NEUROGENIC BOWEL IN CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL ZIKA SYNDROME v1
Authors: Azevedo De Almeida Valeria , Sotero Nancy , Lira Lisboa Lilian , Pauletti Gonçalves Rafael , Morya Edgard , Maria Costa Monteiro Lucia , Antônio de Oliveira Freitas Júnior Reginaldo
Published: March 2020

Children with Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) have structural alterations on cortical level which can compromise urinary and digestive systems integrity, becoming them susceptible to develop bowel and bladder dysfunctions. However, although there are already much evidence of bladder dysfunction on this population, still there are not researches that adressess specifically bowel dysfunction on children with CZS. Thus, a research protocol was developed based in our experience on neurogenic bowel treatment in children. After approval by the ethics committee the protocol was tested during bowel function assessment of microcephaly by CZS patients admitted for ambulatory follow-up on Rehabilitation Specialized Center of Anita Garibaldi Center of Education and Research in Health (CEPS) from july to december of 2019. The protocol of bowel function evaluation followed Rome IV Criteria for children and adolescents, applied through clinical anamnesis and physical examination, Bristol Stool Scale of classification based in symptoms for bowel functional disturbs and rectal ampoule ultrasound. So far, neurogenic bowel was confirmed on 90% of assessed patients. Our findings reveal new data about the subject, increasing the need of additional researches that deepen scientific knowledge abou multiple repercussions of CZS.
Low-cost tissue collection and genomic DNA extraction for plants v1
Authors: Rachel A Howard-Till Rachel , E Osorio Claudia , J Till Bradley
Published: March 2020

This protocol describes low-cost methods for the collection and desiccation of plant tissues and subsequent extraction of genomic DNA. It contains modifications of previously described methods found at https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-16259-1 and https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-45021-6_14. We have tested this protocol with leaf tissue from flax, Lupinus luteus, Camelina sativa and Berberis darwinii. DNA is suitable for routine molecular biology assays such as PCR and also for next generation sequencing.
DECLARACIÓN DE SAN JOSÉ DE COSTA RICA
Authors: Sanitário IV Congreso Ibero a mericano de Derecho
Published: March 2020

Los congresistas asistentes al IV Congreso Iberoamericano de Derecho Sanitario y II Seminario Internacional de Derecho Sanitario, reunidos en la ciudadde San José de Costa Rica los días 18, 19 y 20 de agosto de 2014, al cabo de sus deliberaciones DECLARAN QUE:
CURRENT CHALLENGES FOR UKRAINIAN BUSINESS
Authors: Fyliuk Galуna , Andreіuk Nataliіa
Published: March 2020

The challenges facing Ukrainian business in new socio-economic realities were considered. It was noted that the rapid pace of globalization and migration processes and the growth of the digital economy have increased the interest in business innovation and recruitment problems. It is emphasized that current problems should be seen as challenges for the revival and further dynamic development of business. It is revealed that the main challenges for Ukrainian enterprises are: the intensification of competition, especially in foreign markets, for the use of the resource potential of national economies and for markets; increased competition at the global level for labor, especially highly skilled, which is one of the reasons for the growing shortage of personnel in the domestic market; decreasing demand in the domestic market amid rising imports; high level of corruption; underdevelopment of industrial and social infrastructure, inefficiency of logistics; lack of knowledge and innovation of business; the dynamic growth of the digital economy (digitization). Ukrainian enterprises must respond to these challenges, first of all by technological modernization of their enterprises on an innovative basis, transition to creation of new productions and new types of products; involving employees through various motivational programs, in particular by investing in training and retraining through close collaboration with educational institutions at different levels of accreditation; increasing the capacity of the internal market by increasing the scale and efficiency of the business sector, which will be accompanied by a decrease in unemployment and an increase in real incomes, and by gradual import substitution; promising areas of business diversification; active use of digital technologies in business, unique software products which will provide indisputable advantages for increase of competitiveness.
Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi Öğrencilerinde Kariyer Stresinin Belirleyicileri
Authors: BOZYİĞİT Elif , GÖKBARAZ Nurdan
Published: March 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi öğrencilerinin kariyer stresi belirleyicilerini araştırmaktır. Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 21.39±2.60’tır (erkek n=169, kadın n=111). Choi ve arkadaşları (2011) tarafından geliştirilen, Özden ve Sertel-Berk (2017) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan “Kariyer Stresi Ölçeği” veri toplama aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Ölçekten alınan puanlar ile cinsiyet, yaş ve spor yapma durumu arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunamamıştır. Öğrencilerin ölçek puanları ile sınıf değişkenine göre “iş bulma baskısı” ve bölüm değişkenine göre “kariyer belirsizliği ve bilgi eksikliği” alt boyutu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, öğrencilerin sınıf düzeyleri arttıkça iş bulma baskısı yaşadıkları ve eğitim görülen bölüm farklılaştığında “kariyer belirsizliği ve bilgi eksikliği” stresi yaşadıkları belirlenmiştir.
Women footwears of Choice: A Correlation Analysis of Customer Attitudes toward Purchase Intention of Local Footwear Products
Authors: Dewi Nursilowati Rani , Mayangsari Lidia
Published: March 2020

There are differences between the preference of women and men as consumers. Women are more emotionally unstable, and open to feelings and aesthetic experiences. In this intense competition between local and imported footwear which is global brands, it is challenging for local footwear products to survive in the industry. It is a requirement for the brands (in this research, local footwear brands) to understand the attitudes of the customers from time to time, especially women. Hence, the marketer needs to understand the factors influencing customer purchase intention for local footwear products. This research is a quantitative research that conducted to explore the objective of the study. The method used is surveying by questioning the respondents to gather information. The researcher has conducted the survey through an online questionnaire as a tool for data collection with the total of 242 respondents. The population of this study is consisted of women between age 15-54 years old that have ever been buying local footwear products. In this study, as part of convenience sampling, we select non-probability sampling which is a judgmental sampling. Then, the data are analyzed using validity, reliability, classical assumption, pearson, simple linear regression, and descriptive analysis. After the analysis sequence has been performed, the formulated comprehensive description of findings are presented.
Keywords: women, local footwear product, customer attitude, purchase intention
Preliminary Anatomical Assessment of the Eye of the African Giant Rat (Cricetomys gambianus)
Authors: Peter-Ajuzie I. K. , Nwaogu I. C. , Ajaebili A. C.
Published: March 2020

Eleven African giant rats were caught, bilaterally enucleated and the globes were routinely processed for light microscopy. Eye weight, vertical and horizontal corneal diameters, as well as vertical, horizontal and axial eye diameters were obtained from each globe. Observed external macroscopic ocular features were typical of mammalian eyes comprising cornea, sclera and attached extraocular muscles. The eye dimensions were however generally smaller than those of humans. The large mean corneal diameter to mean eye diameter ratio of 0.86 as well as the scanty retinal ganglion cells observed are associated with morphological adaptations for nocturnal vision. Pigments observed in the retinal epithelium suggests absence of tapetum lucidum, indicating a sub-optimal nocturnal visual capability. This study has provided scientific documentation of some ocular morphological characteristics of the giant rat and has shown that the eye of this species will be anatomically unsuitable for xenotransplantation in humans.
Morpho-Physiological Traits of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) for Post-Flowering Drought Resistance
Authors: Kebede Zerihun , Mekbib Firew , Abebe Tesfaye , Asfaw Asrat
Published: March 2020

Though breeding for drought resistance is complicated due to the many processes involved and their interaction with the environment, availability of precise, cheap and easy to apply selection tool is critical. The present study quantified the response of potato genotypes to drought and identified potential morpho-physiological traits that are useful for selection of drought tolerant genotypes. The study assessed sixty genotypes under two irrigation regimes: fully watered non-stress and terminal drought, where the irrigation water supply to the crop was withheld after 50 % flowering to induce post-flowering stress. Measurements for various morpho-physiological, yield and quality related traits were taken following the potato crop trait ontology. The post-flowering stress induced in this study caused a tuber yield reduction of 33.13% compared with the non-stressed treatment. The genotypes responded differently in tuber yielding potential to the drought. This differential tuber yield response to drought was associated with up and downward regulation of multiple traits related to drought adaptation in potatoes. Drought caused downward regulation on trait responses such as harvest index, leaf area and specific leaf area. Plant height, aboveground biomass and relative water content of leaf contributed negatively for tuber yield under stressed condition. Therefore, the selection attributes identified from this study could help the potato breeding program in the country to develop climate resilient potato varieties.
Mathematical Modeling of Respiration Rate of Mango (Magnifera indica)
Authors: Karthiayani A. , Nithyalakshmi V.
Published: March 2020

Respiration rates (RR) have been used as an index for the metabolic activities of Mango during ripening and senescence. A knowledge on respiration rate will be very much needed for enhanced shelf life of Mango particularly during Modified Atmosphere Storage. Hence a work was carried out to determine respiration rates of three varities of mango (Magnifera indica) viz., Malgoa, Banganapalli and Neelum stored at three different tempertautres (Ambient, 24°C and 14°C). Known weight of fruits were kept under air tight condition in the plastic container fitted with a silicon septum. Every day three gas samples of 5 ml volume were drawn from the chamber through silicon rubber septum using a needle and the oxygen concentration was found out using MAP analyzer. The oxygen concentration was determined for 13 days of storage at all temperatures. The respiration rates were determined using experimentally and the values were substituted in formulae method for prediction. The value of the constants were determined using non-linear regression using Sigmaplot 8.0 software. The development of the mathematical model for the prediction of Respiration Rates were found to be useful for further reference.
Effect of Improved Management Practices on Yield and Economics of Rabi Pulse Crops
Authors: Subbaiah P. Venkata , Jyothi V.
Published: March 2020

Chickpea, blackgram and greengram are important rabi pulse crops grown in Andhra Pradesh. Adoption gaps were identified in these crops indicating the need for the demonstration of the improved crop management practices. In chickpea the variety NBeG47, blackgram TBG 104, greengram variety WGG 42 were introduced in farmers fields in rabi season. Along with the varietal introduction the whole package of improved management practices were demonstrated. A total of 50 FLDs each in chickpea, blackgram and greengram were organized for two consecutive years 2016-17 and 2017-18 in Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh. Highest yield of 27.50 q/ha was recorded with NBeG-47 in the demo fields with an average yield of 25.50 q/ha. In blackgram a highest yield of 17.25 q/ha was recorded in the demo with an average yield of 14.59 q/ha as againstcheck with an average yield of 11.50 q/ha. In greengram a highest yield of 16.50 q/ha was recorded in the demo fields with an average yield of 15.12 q/ha as against check with an average yield of 10.00 q/ha. Paired t test of the economics of demo and check showed significant positive difference between improved practice and farmers practice.
Estimation of Cadmium Levels in Local Banana (Musa) Fruits by ICP-MS Technology-A Pan India Study
Authors: Sinkar Prachi , Kumar Kallathi , Rai Kajal , Jeepipalli Syam Praveen Kumar
Published: March 2020

Industrial waste discharging into the irrigation water is a major cadmium source for plants. Over exploitation of chemical fertilizers in the agriculture is also a growing concern of cadmium accumulation into the plant. Purpose of this study was evaluation of cadmium prevalence in locally available banana fruits across the country. Microwave assisted acid digestion was used to homogenize the banana samples with subsequent analysis by ICP-MS technology. Banana samples from 59 districts of India were analyzed. Among the 59 districts of India, The districts of Tiruchirapalli and Bahraich had having highest cadmium levels respectively, 0.51 - 0.6 ng/g, 0.81 - 0.9 ng/g. Least banana cadmium levels (0-0.19 ng/g) was observed in banana from 28 districts of India. Study concludes that, bio-magnification of cadmium is the imminent danger. Phyotoremediation is welcoming approach.
Increasing Inclusive Education Through a Learning Center Model: A California Approach
Authors: McKee Aja , Gomez Audri Sandoval
Published: March 2020

Learning center models offer students with disabilities learning experiences in general education classrooms, while retaining support and services from special education personnel. The learning center approach examines existing educational perspectives, practices and structures, surrounding access to general education for students with disabilities. This study used a document analysis, a qualitative data method, to examine how two California school districts developed a learning center model to transform special education programming from segregated special education classrooms and practices to placement and access to general education. The findings inform educational programming for students with disabilities in the least restrictive environment, to comply with the American federal mandate. Findings suggest that the deep structure of educational practices complicated the ease of a change in practices for both general and special educators. However, the community approach of the learning center model, where all teachers assume the educational responsibilities for all students, forced these educators to be flexible, reexamine structures and practices, and challenge the ethos of traditional schooling.
Comparative assessment of barium tagging options for residual colonic contents at virtual colonoscopy
Authors: Leysle A. K. , Zavadovskaya V. D. , Ushakov A. V. , Zhogina T. V.
Published: March 2020

Objective: to compare the quality of residual colonic content tagging with 25 and 50 g of BAR-VIPS, the basе of which is barium sulfate (BaSO4), in preparing patients for virtual colonoscopy (VСS) and to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the method in both cases.

Material and methods. The paper presents the results of VCS in 100 patients divided into two groups containing equal numbers (n = 50) according to the contrast medium dose (25 and 50 g). In each group, the quality of fecal tagging (FT) was compared by its presence and degree and by the presence and completeness of high-density artifacts for residual liquid and solid fragments separately. The reliability of the results of VCS versus fibrocolonoscopy was assessed in detecting additional colon tumors of three sizes (<6, 6-9, and ≥10 mm) in each group of patients. These results were used to calculate the diagnostic efficiency of VCS in each group.

Results. The investigation showed significantly lower FT quality indicators in the patients using 25 g of BAR-VIPS than in those having 50 g of the same agent (p = 0.00001). Naturally to the quality of FT, all VCS information capability indices for all sizes of colonic tumors were lower in the 25-g group than those in 50g group.

Conclusion. The option of preparing patients for VCS using residual colonic content tagging with 50 g of barium-containing BAR-VIPS has been found to have a significant advantage over that using 2 g of the same agent. This is shown in the better quality of FT and in the higher diagnostic efficiency of the method.
Re-stenting in the stent endarterectomy area as a stage of invasive treatment for coronary heart disease
Authors: Emelyanov A. V. , Vasilev V. P. , Galyautdinov D. M. , Vlasova E. E. , Merkulov E. V. , Zaikovskii V. Y. , Shiryaev A. A. , Akchurin R. S.
Published: March 2020

The paper describes a clinical case of multistep treatment for coronary heart disease in a patient with diffuse coronary arterial involvement after multiple stenting. The feature of the given paper is successful restenting of the anterior descending artery in the stent endarterectomy area after coronary artery bypass grafting.
Possibilities of liver density estimation according to noncontrast computed tomography
Authors: Gonchar A. P. , Gombolevskij V. A. , Elizarov A. B. , Kulberg N. S. , Suleymanova M. M. , Alekseeva T. I. , Chernyshev D. A. , Titov M. Yu. , Levina T. A. , Bosin V. Yu. , Morozov S. P.
Published: March 2020

With allowance made for the widespread prevalence of diffuse liver diseases, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in particular, there is a need for the most objective evaluation of the state of this organ. One of the most important criteria for this evaluation is to estimate liver tissue density values. Today, the introduction of programs, such as lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography, has made it possible to conduct mass surveys in this area. This literature review deals with the advantages and disadvantages of computed tomography in detecting diffuse liver lesions.
Report from the International Conference on Science and Training “Facial aesthetics supported by aesthetic medicine — in an interdisciplinary approach”
Authors: Matthews‑Brzozowska Teresa
Published: March 2020

In Collegium Stomatologicum of the Poznan Medical University, Bukowska 70, Poznan, October 19, 2018, the International Scientific and Training Conference "Facial aesthetics supported by aesthetic medicine — in an interdisciplinary approach" was held as part of the celebrations of the 100th anniversary of academic medical studies.
The interdisciplinary aspects of aesthetic medicine
Authors: Jałowska Magdalena , Kowalczyk Michał , Gornowicz‑Porowska Justyna , Adamski Zygmunt
Published: March 2020

Aesthetic medicine is a dynamically growing branch of medical sciences, and a special place is occupied by facial aesthetics blending knowledge from many specialties. The continuing improvements of existing uses and procedures along with the availability of new biomaterials and bioengineering technologies, such as photodynamic therapy, nanoparticles, spectroscopy, and non‑invasive imaging, have been revolutionizing facial aesthetics by offering alternatives to and support in traditional facial surgeries. Currently, clinicians might adapt treatments to the individual needs of patients and treat various facial areas by combining products and techniques in order to improve therapeutic effects.
Smile — one of the important elements of face aesthetics
Authors: Przybylska Patrycja , Siniecki Tomasz , Matthews‑Brzozowska Teresa
Published: March 2020

The harmony of the smile depends not only on the dentition, but also on the gum tissue, which excessively exposed can negatively affect aesthetics of the smile. Exposure of a small amount of gum during a smile is acceptable however a smile in which the exposure of the gum is more than 2 mm is considered an aesthetic defect called gummy smile. Among the causes of gingival smile listed are: shortened or hyperactive upper lip muscles (levator labii superioris, levator labii superioris alaeque nasi, zygomatic minor muscles), vertical maxillary excess, extrusion of alveolar ridges, altered passive eruption. In the case of hyperactive upper lip muscles, botulinum toxin can be used — this procedure was used in the described cases, and the effects were assessed using the FotoMedicus system and measurements of gingival exposure. In first case Bocouture botulinum toxin was administered on both sides, 4 units bilaterally in the levator labii superioris muscle and 2 units into levator anguli oris muscle. In total, 12 units were given. During the follow‑up the patient reported the start of the effect from the 5th day after the supply with the maximum effect after 12 days. A 6 mm correction of gummy smile was achieved. In the second case 4 units of botulinum toxin were applicated bilaterally into levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle. A 3 mm correction of gummy smile was achieved. The aesthetics of the face in a smile definitely improved in both men.
Toward Synthesis-derived Applications of Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: SPOIALA Angela , FICAI Denisa , FICAI Anton , CRACIUN Luminita , TITU Aurel Mihail , ANDRONESCU Ecaterina
Published: March 2020

This paper aims to review the challenges, toxicity, and routes of synthesis and usage of silver nanoparticles in different applications but also highlighting their sustainability from both medical and environmental issues. Regarding their toxicity, it is known that silver nanoparticles can destroy over 650 microorganisms comparing with antibiotics. Supplementary, will be presented in a comparative manner some conventional synthesis routes (physical and chemical methods) and green synthesis routes using plant extracts. The approach using plant extracts have various advantages comparing with physical, chemical and microbial synthesis methods because there is no need to use chemicals, wasteful purifications and high energy requirements. The paper presents an overview on “green nanotechnology” focused on using either biological micro-organisms or plant extracts as an alternative to the classical chemical and physical methods. An important issue discussed in the paper is an overview of the synthesis routes of silver nanoparticles, some expected applications of silver based active agents and their toxicity and challenges that must be overcome. Also, it needs to focus our attention on the dismissal of silver nanoparticles into the environment and especially in water systems, fact which suggests that this issue must be fully understood and applied the law.
The Molecular Story of COVID-19; NAD+ Depletion Addresses All Questions in this Infection
Authors: Kouhpayeh Shirin , Shariati Laleh , Boshtam Maryam , Rahimmanesh Ilnaz , Mirian Mina , Zeinalian Mehrdad , Salari-jazi Azhar , Khanahmad Negar , Damavandi Mohammad Sadegh , Sadeghi Parisa , Khanahmad Hossein
Published: March 2020

The emerging new Coronaviridae member, nCoV 19, outbreak announced a pandemic by WHO with an increased morbidity and mortality rate worldwide. nCoV 19 known as the third highly pathogen coronavirus in the human population after the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), the nCoV 19. The renin-angiotensin (RAS) signaling pathway, oxidative stress and cell death, cytokines storm and endothelial dysfunction are four major pathways involved in the pathogenesis of nCoV 19. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) generally develops with a massive oxidative/nitrosative stress following virus entry and RAS activation. The DNA damage subsequent to oxidative burst activates poly-ADP ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1), viral macrodomain (NSP3) poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) and transient receptor potential channel, melastatin 2 (TRPM2) in a sequential manner ultimately leading to apoptosis and necrosis due to NAD and ATP depletion. Regarding the molecular mechanisms involved in nCoV 19 pathogenesis, angiotensin II receptor blockers and/or PARP, PARG and TRPM2 blockers could be engaged as therapeutic candidates for inhibition of RAS and quenching oxidative stress, respectively. In this review, the molecular aspects of nCoV 19 pathogenesis would be studied precisely and possible therapeutic targets would be proposed. It is recommended to evaluate the proposed drugs and supplements via registered clinical trials along with conventional guideline-based multi-drug regimen.
FLOOD HAZARD MAPPING USING GIS SPATIAL ANALYSIS FUNCTIONS IN BALEENDAH, BANDUNG, WEST JAVA
Authors: Fauzi Adam Irwansyah
Published: March 2020

Flooding is the most devastating hydro-meteorological hazard in Baleendah. Therefore, communities in Baleendah needs more attention because they suffer the impacts every year. This paper focused on mapping flood hazard in the 1-km2 area in Baleendah. The study used spatial analysis functions in ArGIS. Also, an on-site survey was conducted to know the height of inundation by floods within the study area. The resulting flood hazard map shows that all communities are exposed to flood hazard with the total number of 5349 houses inundated by floods. The degree of inundation is divided into three (03) levels, low (0-0.5 m), moderate (0.5-1.5m), and high (above 1.5m). Positive attitude towards early actions and early warning systems, collaboration among disaster relief institutions and local government are recommended for reduction of flooding disaster risk.
THE IDENTIFICATION OF LANDSLIDE-PRONE AREAS AND HOW TO SOLVE IN SUNGAI PINYUH SUB-DISTRICT MEMPAWAH REGENCY
Authors: Rahmah Rahmah , Sulistyarini Sulistyarini , Christanto Ludovicus Manditya Hari
Published: March 2020

This study aims to determine the spatial distribution of landslide vulnerability and its mitigation in Sungai Pinyuh District Mempawah District. This type of research is qualitative. Data collection methods are observation and documentation. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis, using GIS (Geographic Information System) 10.1 application with weighted tiered quantitative overlay modeling. The results of this study indicate that: 1) The level of landslide susceptibility in Sungai Pinyuh District consists of 3 classes: low (not prone), moderate (prone) and  high (very vulnerable). (a) Areas that are not vulnerable are spread throughout the villages in Sungai Pinyuh District. (b) Areas with moderate level of vulnerability (vulnerable) are spread in Galang Village (0.24%), Nusapati Village (1.74%), Peniraman Village (3.22%), Sungai Pinyuh Village (1.18%), and Sungai Purun Kecil Village (0.11%). (c) Areas with a high level of vulnerability (very vulnerable) are only found in Peniraman Village, which has 223 ha or 1.15% of the total area of Sungai Pinyuh District. 2) the location of the observation points shows that there are seven points selected, including six points with a level of vulnerability and one point with a very vulnerable level, then of the seven have different land use characteristics.
The Effects of Pelvic Incidence in the Functional Anatomy of the Hip Joint
Authors: Ike Hiroyuki , Bodner Russell J. , Lundergan William , Saigusa Yusuke , Dorr Lawrence D.
Published: March 2020

Background:

The spine-pelvis-hip interaction during postural change should be considered in the functional anatomy of the hip. The component parts of this anatomy and how they influence hip function are important to know. Pelvic incidence (PI) is one of these components. We studied if PI was preoperatively predictive of impingement risk and if it postoperatively influences hip position, which could cause outliers from the functional safe zone of hip replacement.

Methods:

This was a prospective radiographic study of 187 consecutive patients (200 hips) who had lateral spinopelvis-hip radiographs before and after primary total hip arthroplasty with measurements of the component factors that influence mobility and position of the functional anatomy. The predictive value of PI for risk of impingement of the hip and its postoperative relationship to functional safe-zone outliers were assessed. Forty-one dislocations from our clinical practice were also reviewed.

Results:

Of 200 hips, the PI was normal in 145 hips (73%), low in 18 hips (9%), and high in 37 hips (19%). Eighty-two hips had spinopelvic imbalance: 12 (67%) of the 18 hips with low PI, 56 (39%) of the 145 hips with normal PI, and 14 (38%) of the 37 hips with high PI. Low-PI hips was the most predictive of the risk of impingement and postoperatively these hips had the most outliers from the functional safe zone.

Conclusions:

PI is an anatomical component that is predictive of both impingement risk and functional safe-zone outliers. Preoperative risk, based on factors such as the Lewinnek zones and combined anteversion, is an established guide in determining cup position in hip replacement. Low-PI hips that have the “terrible triad” of a posteriorly tilted pelvis, stiff pelvic mobility, and increased femoral flexion therefore have no functional safe zone.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.