bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydrological evaluation of satellite and reanalysis-based rainfall estimates over the Upper Tekeze Basin, Ethiopia
Authors: Reda Kidane Welde , Liu Xingcai , Haile Gebremedhin Gebremeskel , Sun Siao , Tang Qiuhong
Published: March 2022

Spatial rainfall data is an essential input to parametrically distributed hydrological models and is a main contributor to hydrological model uncertainty. Two important issues should be addressed before the use of satellite and reanalysis rainfall product at the basin level: (1) How useful are these rainfall estimates as forcing data for regional hydrological modelling? and (2) Which product should be selected at high-flow and low-flow conditions? This paper presents the hydrological performance of satellite and reanalysis rainfall products (CHIRPSv8 and EWEMBI) at three hydrological stations in the Upper Tekeze River Basin (UTB), northern Ethiopia. Results showed that the daily rainfall data from both CHIRPSv8 and EWEMBI are close to the rain gauge data, with relative errors 2.12 and 3.85%, respectively. The monthly streamflow simulated by the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model driven by CHIRPSv8 and EWEMBI had a Kling-Gupta Efficiency of 0.6–0.79 and 0.58–0.64, respectively. The hydrological performance during high-flow seasons is superior to low-flow seasons for both CHIRPSv8 and EWEMBI. In particular, CHIRPSv8 showed a relatively better hydrological performance than EWEMBI. This study provides insights on the usefulness of gridded rainfall products for hydrological modelling and conditions under which they can be used over the UTB and other similar basins.
Numerical simulation and application of soft computing in estimating vertical drop energy dissipation with horizontal serrated edge
Authors: Bagherzadeh Mohammad , Mousavi Farhad , Manafpour Mohammad , Mirzaee Reza , Hoseini Khosrow
Published: March 2022

In the present study, FLOW-3D software was used to simulate energy dissipation by a serrated-edge drop, downstream of this structure. For this purpose, 2, 3, and 4 serrations with 2 series of relative dimensions at the edge of the vertical drop, with a relative critical depth range of 0.2–0.35 were used for simulation. Then, using artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machine (SVM), and gene expression program (GEP) methods, the accuracy of numerical models was evaluated. Results showed that increasing dimensions of the edges increased energy dissipation, and the highest and lowest energy dissipation was related to the models with 3 and 4 serrations, respectively, Compared to the edgeless state, the 4-edge model, with relative dimension of 0.1, increased energy dissipation by an average of 20%, and the 3-edge model, with relative dimension of 0.15, by an average of 69%. Results of energy dissipation prediction using ANN, SVM, and GEP methods showed that although all three models have good accuracy for estimating energy dissipation, the accuracy of ANN method with RMSE of 0.0081 and R2 of 0.9938 in the training phase and RMSE of 0.0125 and R2 of 0.9805 in the testing phase, is higher than the other two methods.
Pierre Bourdieu y Abdelmalek Sayad. El desarraigo. La violencia del capitalismo en una sociedad rural
Authors: Castillo Luis Alfonso
Published: March 2022

La reciente edición de El desarraigo de Pierre Bourdieu y de Abdelmalek Sayad es una invitación a repensar el proceso de investigación en contextos de crisis, echando mano del método etnográfico pero enriquecido por el análisis sociológico. De manera descarnada, pero incisiva, el análisis nos permite comprender la complejidad del proceso vivido por los campesinos reagrupados en las zonas rurales argelinas en el contexto de ofensiva del Ejército de Liberación Nacional. Los valores tradicionales y las formas de estructuración de la vida entran en crisis con la separación de los campesinos de sus tierras llevándolos a vivir en contradicción. El desarraigo es una muestra de los procesos de despojo y de la mercantilización de la vida, llevada a cabo mediante la violencia colonial pero magnificada por la ocupación militar y reordenamiento territorial contrainsurgente.
Pierre Bourdieu y Abdelmalek Sayad (2017). El desarraigo. La violencia del capitalismo en una sociedad rural. Siglo XXI. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21696/rcsl102120201188
Prácticas del comercio tradicional en el mercado Cosme del Razo en San Pedro Cholula, Puebla, México
Authors: Solis López Mayra Karina , Méndez Espinoza José Arturo , Ramírez Juárez Javier , Pérez Ramírez Nicolás , Regalado López José , Hernández Flores José Álvaro
Published: March 2022

El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar las prácticas de comercio tradicional de unidades domésticas campesinas en el mercado Cosme del Razo, en San Pedro Cholula, Puebla. Para generar información se aplicó una encuesta a 102 comerciantes de productos y subproductos derivados de la agricultura familiar. Los y las comerciantes se clasificaron en establecidos y semiestablecidos. Los principales productos expendidos fueron las frutas provenientes de la Central de Abastos, así como hortalizas y plantas aromáticas y medicinales cuyo origen es el traspatio de las unidades domésticas campesinas. Se encontró que las mujeres, al constituir un sector mayoritario (90 por ciento), contribuyen de manera importante no solo a la actividad del comercio, sino también a la reproducción de la unidad doméstica campesina. El trabajo familiar, el conocimiento ancestral, el uso de los recursos naturales y las relaciones de coope-ración son elementos que dan forma y estructura a los mercados garantizando la permanencia de las unidades domésticas campesinas en el comercio tradicional.
“Le Petit Chaperon Rouge”, de Charles Perrault. Un vaivén entre el análisis filológico del cuento y sus fuentes orales aplicado como respuesta a las dificultades de su traducción
Authors: Ortiz Lovillo María del Pilar
Published: March 2022

En este artículo se hace un recuento sobre la manera en que la tradición oral y la cultura escrita se combinan en el cuento “Le Petit Chaperon Rouge”, que Perrault publicó a finales del siglo XVII. Posteriormente, se mostrará cómo el conocimiento de las fuentes del cuento influye de modo directo en la calidad de las traducciones de este. La investigación** se llevó a cabo con un grupo de seis estudiantes del Seminario de Traducción de Textos Científicos y Literarios del Francés al Español, en el Instituto de Investigaciones en Educación de la Universidad Veracruzana. Por último, se expondrán en detalle las principales dificultades que los estudiantes encontraron para traducir “Le Petit Chaperon Rouge”y las soluciones basadas en el conocimiento filológico del texto.

El presente artículo se desprende de la tesis realizada en el Doctorado en Ciencias del Lenguaje de agosto de 2011 a agosto de 2015 que lleva como título “Análisis microgenético del proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la traducción del francés al español” en la Facultad de Idiomas de la Universidad Veracruzana, en Xalapa, Veracruz, México.
Resguardo ambiental en materia de agua subterránea urbana en torno a la infraestructura vial en el Área Metropolitana de Guadalajara. Línea 3 del tren eléctrico
Authors: Rojas Ramírez José Juan Pablo
Published: March 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es exponer el mecanismo de participación institucional en materia de resguardo ambiental orientado al agua subterránea durante la implementación de la obra de infraestructura subterránea en la línea tres del tren eléctrico de Guadalajara ( Jalisco, México). Para tal efecto se recurre al estudio de caso, auxiliado del análisis hipotético-deductivo a partir del estudio de documentos técnicos y literatura especializada. Se explican las implicaciones y las correlaciones entre la transformación del espacio urbano y la introducción de infraestructura orientada al transporte en la modalidad de tren eléctrico, las afectaciones de estas y las acciones de prevención y mitigación de impactos. La principal limitación consiste en que solo se aborda la fase de inicio y aprobación de las obras. Este texto aporta un enfoque de análisis de los problemas de movilidad y transporte, implementación de la infraestructura subterránea e hidrogeología urbana. Las obras de infraestructura que no evidencien estudios concluyentes de no afectación o abatimiento de aguas pueden ser condicionadas o canceladas.
Intención emprendedora. Entre el idealismo y la obligatoriedad
Authors: De Luna Martinez Diana , Manzano Peña Luis Enrique , Moctezuma Medina Judas Noé , Luna Galindo Suemí
Published: March 2022

El objetivo es presentar argumentos reflexivos en torno a la naturaleza de la intención empren-dedora y sus posibles implicaciones en la puesta en marcha de negocios. Se utilizó el análisis documental acerca de los conceptos de emprendedor y emprendimiento y una aproximación a la teoría de redes para alcanzar un planteamiento holístico. Los resultados versan sobre la necesidad de redimensionar el concepto de emprendedor como una actividad colectiva, no necesariamente unipersonal, que lleva al éxito. Las limitaciones radican en que se trata de una exposición argumentativa que busca la reflexión, que no retoma ontológicamente o epistemológicamente los principales conceptos. La aportación principal es la exposición de los conceptos de emprendedor y emprendimiento desde una postura crítica que desmitifica el carácter positivo y dador de éxito que comúnmente se relacionan con estos. Se concluye que el idealismo y la obligatoriedad representan una oportunidad para desmitificar la intención emprendedora como actividad libre de riesgo y exitosa.
Responsabilidad social e internacionalización: un análisis de la misión y la visión de los principales puertos en América Latina
Authors: Lopez Morales Jose Satsumi , Perez León Lily Nayeli , Zarrabal Gutierrez Claudia Guadalupe , Andrade Estrada Myrna Guadalupe
Published: March 2022

En los últimos años, la responsabilidad social corporativa y la internacionalización han cobrado relevancia en los diversos tipos de organizaciones. Por ello, el objetivo central de este trabajo es analizar la presencia de la responsabilidad social corporativa y la internacionalización en la misión y la visión de los principales puertos de América Latina. Para lograrlo, se aplicó una técnica de análisis de contenido de los textos de las misiones y visiones de 72 puertos en 17 diferentes países de América Latina de los cuales se encontró que contaban con misión y visión. Los resultados principales señalan que existe una mayor presencia de la responsabilidad social corporativa que de internacionalización en la misión y la visión. Entre los principales resulta-dos está que 69.44 por ciento de los puertos considera la responsabilidad social corporativa en la misión o en la visión. En cambio, la internacionalización es solo considerada por 8.33 por ciento de los puertos de la muestra. Las principales conclusiones arrojan que los puertos estudiados no tienen alineadas la misión y la visión a sus estrategias de responsabilidad social corporativa e internacionalización.
La institucionalización del culto a la Santa Muerte. El caso de la Iglesia Católica Tradicional (ICT)
Authors: Marrero Roberto Garcés
Published: March 2022

La Iglesia Católica Tradicional México-Estados Unidos, fundada en el año 2000, ha buscado legitimar el culto a la Santa Muerte insertándose en la tradición católica mexicana y poniendo en su centro a la heterodoxa Santa Muerte. Obtuvo el registro como asociación religiosa ante la Secretaría de Gobernación en 2003 y lo perdió dos años después. Enclavada en una de las colonias más precarias de la Ciudad de México y muy poco estudiada, esta iglesia es una mixtura de catolicismo, santería cubana y creencias chamánicas. Los múltiples escándalos en los que se ha visto envuelta, sobre todo la detención y condena de su fundador, hacen que esta institución esté en crisis. Este artículo se dirige a la reconstrucción etnográfica de la historia y las prácticas de esta iglesia, a partir del trabajo de campo del autor comenzado en 2018, aún en curso. La investigación revela los avatares de un culto popular que intenta instalarse en la matriz simbólica y legal de una sociedad que lo considera marginal y criminógeno.
El paso de la retórica a la neorretórica de Chaïm Perelman como teoría de la argumentación jurídica
Authors: Orihuela Rosas Barbara Edith
Published: March 2022

Iniciamos nuestra investigación desde un marco histórico que posibilita la reflexión sobre la retórica como arte, como técnica y como teoría de la argumentación. Tal reflexión nos permite, como objetivo de nuestra investigación, contribuir a dirimir la problemática jurídica presente a la hora de realizar un discurso jurídico, desde el campo de la argumentación jurídica, por los filósofos jurídicos y los operadores de la ciencia jurídica (jueces, abogados postulantes, profesores) que adolecen, algunas veces, de rigor en la estructura lógica, otras veces, de fundamentación y motivación (cuestiones materiales) y, muchas otras, de una visión pragmática que favorece la unión de las dos anteriores, más un carácter objetivista moral tendiente al respeto de los derechos humanos. Es por ello que se propone la utilización de un marco metodológico de índole neorretórico-disociativo de la argumentación jurídica como una herramienta para adentrarnos y mostrarnos la necesidad de dicha disociación como un cambio reflexivo, que surge de la búsqueda de la evitación de incompatibilidad entre tesis (de carácter normativo, de hechos o verdades), presente en la realidad social, política, económica y jurídica.
De lo agenciado a lo representado. La transformación de los objetos entre los teenek de la Huasteca potosina
Authors: Aguirre Mendoza Imelda
Published: March 2022

El objetivo de este texto es discutir cómo operan los conceptos de agencia y representación en un conjunto de objetos de la cultura teenek potosina dispuestos para ser incorporados a la colección etnográfica del Museo Nacional de Antropología. Mediante el método etnográfico se examinarán los procesos de elaboración y la importancia de estos en la ritualidad de las comunidades, para luego advertir su transformación en artefactos de museo. En los ejemplos analizados, la agencia es conceptuada con los términos de fuerza, vida, poder y sabiduría. Un pendiente en la investigación es documentar lo ocurrido con los objetos después de su montaje y exhibición, fases que aún se encuentran en proceso. El valor de este trabajo estriba en que muestra los procesos de reflexión originados en las propias comunidades respecto a los bienes culturales que habrían de seleccionar como materiales de exposición. Al final se verá que los conceptos de agencia y representación son relacionales y transitorios, pues se encuentran en redefinición dependiendo de contextos, funciones e intencionalidades depositadas en los objetos.
Carbon-based Nanomaterials: Carbon Nanotubes, Graphene, and
Fullerenes for the Control of Burn Infections and Wound Healing
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Akhlaquer , Abul Barkat Harshita , Harwansh Ranjit K. , Deshmukh Rohitas
Published: March 2022

Burn injuries are extremely debilitating, resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates
around the world. The risk of infection escalates in correlation with impairment of skin integrity,
creating a barrier to healing and possibly leading to sepsis. With its numerous advantages over traditional
treatment methods, nanomaterial-based wound healing has an immense capability of treating
and preventing wound infections. Carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs), owing to their distinctive
physicochemical and biological properties, have emerged as promising platforms for biomedical
applications. Carbon nanotubes, graphene, fullerenes, and their nanocomposites have demonstrated
broad antimicrobial activity against invasive bacteria, fungi, and viruses causing burn wound infection.
The specific mechanisms that govern the antimicrobial activity of CNMs must be understood in
order to ensure the safe and effective incorporation of these structures into biomaterials. However, it
is challenging to decouple individual and synergistic contributions of the physical, chemical, and
electrical effects of CNMs on cells. This review reported significant advances in the application of
CNMs in burn wound infection and wound healing, with a brief discussion on the interaction between
different families of CNMs and microorganisms to assess antimicrobial performance.
The Role of IL-6 Released During Exercise to Insulin Sensitivity and Muscle Hypertrophy
Authors: de Menezes Lima Vera Lúcia , de Melo Madureira Álvaro Nóbrega , de Oliveira João Ricardhis Saturnino
Published: March 2022

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) influences both inflammatory response and anti-inflammatory processes. This cytokine can be released by exercising skeletal muscle, which characterizes it as a myokine. Unlike what is observed in inflammation, IL-6 produced by skeletal muscle is not preceded by the release of other pro-inflammatory cytokines, but it seems to be dependent on the lactate produced during exercise, thus causing different effects from those seen in inflammatory state. After binding to its receptor, myokine IL-6 activates the PI3K-Akt pathway. One consequence of this upregulation is the potentiation of insulin signaling, which enhances insulin sensitivity. IL-6 increases GLUT-4 vesicle mobilization to the muscle cell periphery, increasing the glucose transport into the cell, and also glycogen synthesis. Muscle glycogen provides energy for ATP resynthesis, and regulates Ca2+ release by the sarcoplasmic reticulum, influencing muscle contraction, and, hence, muscle function by multiple pathways. Another implication for the upregulation of the PI3K-Akt pathway is the activation of mTORC1, which regulates mRNA translational efficiency by regulating translation machinery, and translational capacity by inducing ribosomal biogenesis. Thus, IL-6 may contribute to skeletal muscle hypertrophy and function by increasing contractile protein synthesis.
Uncovering the Potential of Lipid Drugs: A Focus on Transient Membrane Microdomain-targeted Lipid Therapeutics
Authors: Kawano Daniel Fábio , Schneider Alves Anna Carolina , Cardoso Raquel Soares , de Oliveira Neto Xisto Antonio
Published: March 2022

Membrane lipids are generally viewed as inert physical barriers, but many vital cellular processes greatly rely on the interaction with these structures, as expressed by the membrane hypothesis that explain the genesis of schizophrenia, Alzheimer's and autoimmune diseases, chronic fatigue or cancer. The concept that the cell membrane displays transient membrane microdomains with distinct lipid composition providing the basis for the development of selective lipid-targeted therapies, the membrane-lipid therapies (MLTs). In this concern, medicinal chemists may design therapeutically valuable compounds 1) with a higher affinity for the lipids in these microdomains to restore the normal physiological conditions, 2) that can directly or 3) indirectly (via enzyme inhibition/activation) replace damaged lipids or restore the regular lipid levels in the whole membrane or microdomain, 4) that alter the expression of genes related to lipid genesis/metabolism or 5) that modulate the pathways related to the membrane binding affinity of lipid-anchored proteins. In this context, this mini-review aims to explore the structural diversity and clinical applications of some of the main membrane and microdomain-targeted lipid drugs.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Coumarins Catalyzed by Chiral Squaramide
Authors: Liu Zhijing , Ma Zhiwei , Wang Chuanchuan , Ding Degang , Liu Juntao , Chen Xiaopei , Geng Guangwei
Published: March 2022

A newly chiral tertiary amine-squaramide has successfully developed and applied into the
asymmetric Michael addition of 4-hydroxycoumarin to β,γ-unsaturated α-ketoesters. The catalyst system
performed well with a low catalyst loading of 1 mol% under mild reaction conditions. A series of
coumarin derivatives were obtained with good yields and enantioselectivities.
Cefepime-induced Neurotoxicity: A Retrospective Cohort Study in a
South-Indian Tertiary Healthcare Facility
Authors: Miraj Sonal Sekhar , Alijani Erfan , Kurian Shilia Jacob , Rao Mahadev , Saravu Kavitha
Published: March 2022

Background:

Cefepime is a fourth-generation cephalosporin with a broad spectrum
coverage and anti-pseudomonal activity. The safety profile of cefepime was relatively favourable
until neurotoxicity was first reported in 1999. Despite cefepime-induced neurotoxicity (CIN), it
continues to be a principal part of parenteral treatment for various infections.

Objective:

The study aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors for CIN compared to other
antibiotics.

Methods:

A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 738 patients over eight months in
Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Manipal, India. Patients with cefepime were selected as
study cohort (SC; n= 496), and other antibiotics were included in the reference cohort (RC;
n=242).

Results:

The results showed that 53 (10.7%) patients developed neurotoxicity in the SC, whereas
12 (5%) patients in the RC. A significant association was found between neurotoxicity and
cefepime use (X2 =6.641; p=0.01). SC has a 2.29 times increased risk of neurotoxicity than RC
(OR: 2.29; 95% CI: 1.2-4.38). Risk estimation showed that renal failure patients had a 5.5 times
higher risk for CIN than non-renal failure patients (OR: 5.5; 95% CI: 2.98 - 10.17). CIN symptoms
were disorientation (38.5%), loss of consciousness (23.1%), drowsiness (18.5%), etc. The calculated
number needed to harm (NNH) for cefepime was 17.2.

Conclusions:

The study found a higher incidence of CIN compared to other antibiotics-induced
neurotoxicity and a harmful association between cefepime use and CIN development. Besides, renal
failure is a risk factor for CIN. Therefore, the study warrants the use of cefepime, where no
other alternatives are available.
Parameter Sensitivity Analysis of the Democratic Behavior of Swarm
Robots
Authors: Hanne Thomas , Hugli Andreas , Pereira Marco A. G. , Dornberger Rolf
Published: March 2022

Aims:

The purpose of this studyis to determine under what conditions, such as noise and malfunction, successful consensus achievement in swarmrobotics is possible

Background:

Swarm robots can be used to solve exploration problems, such as the best-of-n problem.
Consensus achievement plays a crucial role as the swarm must collectively agree on a solution. This
task can be even more challenging considering noise and malfunctioning or rogue agents.

Objective:

This study aims to determine how robust the consensus achievement algorithm is against
noise and rogue agents, considering the effect of adding memory to the agents and further parameter
tuning.

Methods:

We implement a baseline based on the democratic honeybees algorithm and investigate the
performance and robustness of the consensus achievement during a number of computational
experiments. In particular, the number of agents in the swarm, the number of iterations, the number of
positions an agent can visit per iteration, the number of neighbors an agent shares its best option with,
and the majority threshold defining the majority based on a fraction of agents in the swarm, and the
minimum number of iterations to achieve consensus are investigated regarding their impact.

Results:

For better performance, memory has been implemented so that each agent remembers and
retains their previous highest quality score if no one better has been found in the current exploration
phase. We show that the algorithm is viable and offers robustness in the considered scenarios when
memory is added. In particular, we establish a baseline for the democratic honeybees algorithm and
ascertain adequate parameter values to ensure the algorithm's best performance. The algorithm is
sufficiently robust against noise, and to an extent, against rogue agents. Furthermore, parameter tuning
also proved to help the swarm explore very large search spaces

Conclusion:

The consensus algorithm appears sufficiently effective under adverse conditions such as
noise and rogue agents, especially when countermeasures are considered

Other:

Further scenarios such as specific communication topologies could be investigated in future
research.
Jennifer Cooke, Contemporary Feminist Life-Writing: The New Audacity
Authors: Lidström Brock Malin
Published: March 2022

The first two decades of the twenty-first century have seen a plethora of writers, who have challenged and expanded previous notions of feminist life writing. In Contemporary Feminist Life-Writing: The New Audacity, Jennifer Cooke identifies works by thirteen contemporary writers as examples of what she refers to as a new audacity in life writing. Several of these writers are young, early in their careers, and already connected with each other through reviewers or publishers. Defining audacity as a ‘public challenge to conventions, characterized by a disregard for decorum, protocol, or moral restraints,’ Cooke refers to the thirteen writers as feminists, even when they do not directly engage with politics. Unlike their predecessors, she clarifies further, these writers are writing in the wake of queer, gender and trauma theory, and post-structural critiques of binary thinking. They view identity as social constructions manifested both materially and bodily. Through the perspectives that these writers offer on their lives and the experimental form their writing takes, Cooke argues, they are reshaping feminism and its concerns.
Feasability of Utilizing a Rapid Screening Tool for Suicide and Major Depressive Disorder in Appalachian Acute Care Settings
Authors: Sharon, MPH Melinda , Shaver, MD, FACEP Erica , Burrell, DO Carmen , Minardi, MD Joseph , Kiefer, MD, FACEP Christopher , Davis, PhD Stephen , Biddle, PhD Elyce
Published: March 2022

INTRODUCTION Patients who commit suicide will often visit the emergency department (ED) shortly before death for reasons other than those related to the suicide. These visits may be a prime opportunity to identify patients with symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) that contribute to suicidal ideation. This pilot study investigated the feasibility of a recently developed tool, the CAD-MDD-S, a combination of the Computerized Adaptive Diagnostic Screening Tool for Major Depressive Disorder (CAD-MDD) and four screening questions from the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS),to identify patients with suicidal thoughts, intent, plans, and behaviors, and/or MDD. METHOD CAD-MDD-S was administered to ambulatory adult patients (18+ years) who presented at an academic ED or student health services clinic for non-mental health concerns. The goal was to study the feasibility and efficiency of the screening tool, assessing the potential impact the tool may have in identifying at risk patients in these clinical settings. RESULTS From August 2015 to November 2016, 345 patients agreed to complete the screening tool (89% agree rate), with 76 screening positive for MDD, 13 for risk of suicide, and 7 for both. The median screening time to completion was six minutes, with 87% of patients taking less than 10 minutes. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study demonstrated that the ad- ministration of the CAD-MDD-S diagnostic screening tool was feasible and efficient in emergency settings, and the time to completion did not present a substantial burden to the patient. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings in other populations with larger samples.
Comparing SF-36 Scores Collected Through Web-Based Questionnaire Self-completions and Telephone Interviews: An Ancillary Study of the SENTIPAT Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Açma Ayşe , Carrat Fabrice , Hejblum Gilles
Published: March 2022

Background

The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) is a popular questionnaire for measuring the self-perception of quality of life in a given population of interest. Processing the answers of a participant comprises the calculation of 10 scores corresponding to 8 scales measuring several aspects of perceived health and 2 summary components (physical and mental). Surprisingly, no study has compared score values issued from a telephone interview versus those from an internet-based questionnaire self-completion.

Objective

This study aims to compare the SF-36 score values issued from a telephone interview versus those from an internet-based questionnaire self-completion.

Methods

Patients with an internet connection and returning home after hospital discharge were enrolled in the SENTIPAT multicenter randomized trial on the day of discharge. They were randomized to either self-completing a set of questionnaires using a dedicated website (internet group) or providing answers to the same questionnaires administered during a telephone interview (telephone group). This ancillary study of the trial compared SF-36 data related to the posthospitalization period in these 2 groups. To anticipate the potential unbalanced characteristics of the responders in the 2 groups, the impact of the mode of administration of the questionnaire on score differences was investigated using a matched sample of individuals originating from the internet and telephone groups (1:1 ratio), in which the matching procedure was based on a propensity score approach. SF-36 scores observed in the internet and telephone groups were compared using the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test, and the score differences between the 2 groups were also examined according to Cohen effect size.

Results

Overall, 29.2% (245/840) and 75% (630/840) of SF-36 questionnaires were completed in the internet and telephone groups, respectively (P<.001). Globally, the score differences between groups before matching were similar to those observed in the matched sample. Mean scores observed in the telephone group were all above the corresponding values observed in the internet group. After matching, score differences in 6 out of the 8 SF-36 scales were statistically significant, with a mean difference greater than 5 for 4 scales and an associated mild effect size ranging from 0.22 to 0.29, and with a mean difference near this threshold for 2 other scales (4.57 and 4.56) and a low corresponding effect size (0.18 and 0.16, respectively).

Conclusions

The telephone mode of administration of SF-36 involved an interviewer effect, increasing SF-36 scores. Questionnaire self-completion via the internet should be preferred, and surveys combining various administration methods should be avoided.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01769261; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT01769261
Safety and Feasibility of Laparoscopic Surgeries during Covid-19 Pandemic- A Review (Preprint)
Authors: Shah Dr. Mohd. Yunus , Lamba Dr. Monika , Saxena Dr.Divish , Rode Dr. Avinash
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

During the Covid19 pandemic, the potential spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus during surgeries, especially in laparoscopic surgeries, is a key concern. Surgical smoke released during laparoscopic surgeries may cause viral transmission. Therefore, the risk and benefits of viral transmission during laparoscopic surgery needs to be carefully evaluated.
For the safety of healthcare professionals are adapted from the previous pandemics/epidemics, the preventive measures especially applicable to laparoscopic surgeries include care during CO2 insufflation/desufflation, minimal use of energy sources, personal protection measures are recommended.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this article is to review the contemporary literature pertaining to the risk of conducting laparoscopic surgeries during the Covid-19 pandemic. In addition, we summarize the relevant safety protocols for the patients, surgical team, anesthetists, and the operation room staff.

METHODS

A systematic literature search was performed using the key words: Covid-19 laparoscopy, Surgical smoke, Covid safety in operation rooms, Laparoscopic surgeries and Covid safety, prevention, Aerosol transmission, Laparoscopic surgery, Covid-19’
Search articles were considered from the aims of the articles, nature, safety protocols, and risk mentioned in the literature.

RESULTS

Although the initial guidelines advocated by various organizations stated that Laparoscopy generally should not be used as it is considered to carry some risks of aerosol-type formation and infection and considerable caution is advised.
Though some reports have suggested the use of Laparoscopy in selected cases where clinical benefit to the patient substantially exceeds the risk of potential viral transmission to the surgical team.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on this review of the current scientific knowledge, no scientific evidence was found to support the use of open surgery over laparoscopy to reduce viral transmission of COVID-19 if the advocated Covid-19 guidelines are followed strictly; however, there is still much to discover about the viral transmission.
Identifying the Perceived Severity of Patient-Generated Telemedicine Queries Regarding COVID:
Developing and Evaluating a Transfer Learning Based Solution (Preprint)
Authors: Gatto Joseph , Seegmiller Parker , Johnston Garrett , Preum Sarah Masud
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Triage of textual telemedical queries is a safety-critical task for medical service providers with limited remote health resources. The prioritization of patient queries containing medically severe text is necessary to optimize resource usage and provide care to those with time-sensitive needs.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to evaluate the effectiveness of transfer learning solutions on the task of telemedical triage and provide a thorough error analysis, identifying telemedicine queries which challenge state-of-the-art Natural Language Processing systems. Additionally, we aim to provide a publicly available telemedical query dataset with labels for severity classification for telemedical triage of respiratory issues.

METHODS

We annotate 573 medical queries from three online health platforms: HealthTap.com, Healthcaremagic.com and iCliniq.com. We then evaluate six transfer learning solutions utilizing various textual embedding strategies. Specifically, we first establish a baseline using a lexical classification model with Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) features. Next, we investigate the effectiveness of Global Vectors for Text Representation (GloVe), a pre-trained word embedding method. We evaluate the performance of GloVe embeddings in the context of Support Vector Machines, Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, and Hierarchical Attention Networks. Finally we evaluate the performance of contextual text embeddings using transformer-based architectures. Specifically, we evaluate Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), Bio+Clinical BERT, and Sentence-BERT (SBERT) on the telemedical triage task.

RESULTS

We find that a simple lexical model achieves an F1 score of 0.865 on the telemedical triage task. GloVe-based models using Support Vector Machines, Hierarchical Attention Networks , and Bidirectional LSTMs achieve a 0.8, 1.5, and 2.1-point increase in F1 score respectively. Transformer-based models such as BERT, Bio+Clinical BERT, and SBERT achieve an F1 score of 0.914, 0.904, 0.917 respectively. The highest performing model, SBERT, provides a statistically significant improvement compared to all GloVe-based and lexical baselines. However, no statistical significance is found when comparing transformer-based models. Furthermore, our error analysis reveals highly-challenging query types, including those with complex negations, temporal relationships, and patient intents. Our analysis highlights various avenues for future works which explicitly model such query challenges.

CONCLUSIONS

We provide a new telemedical triage dataset using questions from online medical Q&A platforms. Our work shows that state-of-the-art transfer learning techniques work well on the telemedical triage task, providing significant performance increase over lexical models.
The retention difference between cobalt chromium and zirconia coping in different angulations on telescopic overdenture
Authors: Kawilarang Kevin Christopher , Kusuma Heriyanti Amalia , Indrastuti Murti
Published: March 2022

Telescopic overdenture is one type of removable denture that uses dual coping system that consists of primary and secondary coping. Retention of telescopic overdenture is obtained from the friction between primary and secondary coping, which is mainly influenced by the type of material and coping angulation. The purpose of this study is to determine the retention differences between CoCr and zirconia coping with 0Â°, 1Â°, and 2Â° angulations. Twenty four pairs of telescopic overdenture coping samples with 6 mm length were divided into 6 groups (n = 4), CoCr 0°, CoCr 1°, CoCr 2°, zirconia 0°, zirconia 1°, and zirconia 2°. Measurement of retention between coping is done by pull-off test using universal testing machine (UTM) and data were analyzed by two way ANOVA. The results showed that the largest average retention was found in zirconia coping with 0° angulation group (22.48 N), while the smallest average retention was found in CoCr coping with 2° angulation group (10.28 N). Two way ANOVA revealed that there were significant differences among groups (p<0.05). LSD tests showed that there were significant differences among all of groups. This study concludes that zirconia coping has higher retention than CoCr coping and coping with 0° angulation has the highest retention.
Two-piece hollow bulb obturator after partial maxillectomy on ameloblastoma case
Authors: Mayasari Nova , Kusuma Heriyanti Amalia , Wahyuningtyas Endang
Published: March 2022

Ameloblastoma often occurs in the mandibular area, but 15 - 20% of ameloblastoma originates from the maxilla. Ameloblastoma lesions in the maxilla can be treated with partial maxillectomy, which produces defects that alter speech, swallowing function, and aesthetic. The role of prosthodontics is needed to rehabilitate the patient’s condition by fabricating an obturator that helps reduce the morbidity of patients. The main problem with the rehabilitation of substantial defects in the maxilla is the weight of the prosthesis, resulting in non-retentive prosthesis. The purpose of this case report was to evaluate the post-treatment of the partial maxillectomy in the case of ameloblastoma with the hollow bulb to rehabilitate the functions of mastication, phonetics, swallowing function, and aesthetic functions.This case report discussed the treatment of a 58-year-old female who undergone partial maxillectomy, has experienced tooth loss in 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 21, 22, and 23, and had an anterior palate defect due to mass retrieval under the Aramany class VI classification. The chosen treatment was the fabrication of an obturator with the twopiece hollow bulbmade of acrylic resin. The results of the obturator insertion are good retention, stabilization,occlusion, aesthetics, clear phonetic, and the increasing patient’s confidence. The follow-up control after one week showed good retention, stabilization, occlusion, aesthetics, even clearer pronunciation and a good adaptation from the patient. This case report concludes that the two-piece hollow bulb acrylic resin obturator in ameloblastoma case can rehabilitate the maxillary defect post partial maxillectomy to restore masticatory, phonetic, swallowing and aesthetic functions.
Forging a New Paradigm: On the Structure of the Interdisciplinary and Its Application (Part 4)
Authors: Shorkend Daniel
Published: March 2022

This article has three sections. In section one, I define my terms which leads to an outline of what this New Paradigm is. In section two, I develop this paradigm and suggest a visualization of it, a structure as it were. This will assist in a more thorough understanding of such a paradigm. Theoretical speculations and modelling aside or rather avoiding a “purely” philosophical bias, I then apply this model to an example culled from art and aesthetics, yet involving, in line with this New Paradigm, other disciplines such as science and sport in order to exemplify or perhaps prove my argument, by virtue of the “mixture” or inter-disciplinary framework as applied to several different variables. This section forms the bulk of the article as such an application concretizes the theoretical framework in specific ways so that the reader will ascertain the usefulness of such a venture, which in turn ought to spur and spawn future research.
ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE AND SERDEXMETHYLPHENIDATE BY USING RP-HPLC IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM
Authors: RAYUDU SUNIL , MANORANJANI M. , SEKHARA REDDY D. RAMA
Published: March 2022

Objective: The current investigation was pointed at developing and progressively validating novel, simple, responsive and stable RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous measurement of active pharmaceutical ingredients of Dexmethylphenidate and Serdexmethylphenidate.
Methods: A simple, selective, validated and well-defined stability that shows isocratic RP-HPLC methodology for the simultaneous determination of Dexmethylphenidate and Serdexmethylphenidate. The chromatographic strategy utilized inertsil ODS column of dimensions 250x4.6 mm, 5 µ, using isocratic elution with a mobile phase of acetonitrile and 0.1% orthophosphoric acid (70:30). A flow rate of 1 ml/min and a detector wavelength of 262 nm utilizing the PDA detector were given in the instrumental settings. Recovery, specificity, linearity, accuracy, robustness, ruggedness were determined as a part of method validation and the results were found to be within the acceptable range. Validation of the proposed method was carried out according to an international conference on harmonization (ICH) guidelines.
Results: LOD and LOQ for the active ingredient were established with respect to test concentration. The calibration chart plotted was linear with a regression coefficient of R2>0.999, which means the linearity was within the limit.
Conclusion: The proposed method to be fast, simple, feasible and affordable in assay condition. During stability tests, it can be used for routine analysis of production samples and to verify the quality of drug samples during stability studies.
ASSAY METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF CILNIDIPINE AND RAMIPRIL, CHARACTERIZATION OF ITS DEGRADANTS BY USING LC-MS/MS
Authors: MANORANJANI M.
Published: March 2022

Objective: The current study focused on the development, validation of Ramipril and Cilnidipine using HPLC and characterization of forced degradation products using LC-MS/MS.
Methods: Simple, accurate, and precise method has been developed for the simultaneous estimation of Cilnidipine and Ramipril in tablet type of dosage form using X-bridge phenyl column (150x4.6 mm, 3.5m) with mobile phase of buffer and Acetonitrile in the 30:70 v/v ratio was pumped through a column with a 1 ml/min flow rate. The buffer used in this process was 0.1 percent tri ethyl amine in 1 lt of water and adjust its pH-2.5 with 0.1 percent ortho phosphoric acid. At ambient temperature, chromatography was isocratically performed and run time was 8 min. 240 nm was the optimized wave length.
Results: Cilnidipine and Ramipril retention times were 2.79 min, 5.11 min. respectively. By injecting the norm six times, device parameters of suitability have been studied and the results were found to be well under the acceptance criteria. This approach offers strong linearity over a range of 2-30 µg/ml Cilnidipine 1-15 µg/ml Ramipril concentrations. The regression coefficient R2>0.999 from the calibrated curve implies that the linearity of the system was within the range.
Conclusion: The system was validated by using HPLC in terms of accuracy, linearity, method precision, accuracy, limit of detection, limit of quantification, robustness, degradation and the degradation products were characterized by using LC-MS/MS.
DEVELOPMENT EVALUATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BUCCAL PATCHES CONTAINING ATENOLOL USING HYDROPHILIC POLYMERS
Authors: RATHA ADHIKARI SURYA NARAYAN , PANDA SATYABRATA
Published: March 2022

Objective: The present investigation focused on fabrication and evaluation of atenolol releasing buccal patches comprising mucoadhesive hydrophilic polymers like sodium alginate and tamarind seed polysaccharide with a drug-free backing layer (6 % ethylcellulose).
Methods: Solvent evaporation technique being employed in the development of atenolol comprising buccal patches using mucoadhesive hydrophilic polymers. The prepared buccal patch formulations were tested for thickness, weight variation, folding endurance, drug content, moisture content, moisture absorption, % swelling, surface pH, in vitro residence time and mucoadhesion studies. The drug permeation through goat buccal mucosal membrane was conducted with the use of Franz diffusion cell in phosphate buffer saline, pH 6.8 and was subjected to FT-IR and SEM characterization. Stability study was performed as per ICH guidelines.
Results: For all the buccal patch formulations, the average weight, thickness, drug content, moisture content, moisture absorption, % swelling, surface pH study exhibited satisfactory results. Out of 7 different buccal patches, the formulation FA-1 revealed the highest mucoadhesive strength (31.36±0.95 g), the force of adhesion (0.31±0.04 N), maximum swelling index (341±0.83 %) and more than 24 h in vitro residence time. The buccal patch formulation FA-1 indicated highest drug permeation (97.51 %) in 24 h and was found to be stable. FT-IR examination confirms lack of drug polymer interaction. SEM investigation reveals a smooth surface of the buccal patch.
Conclusion: The developed buccal patches comprising atenolol can be very promising in increasing patient compliance and reducing dosing frequency.
AN ADDUCT: 5-FLUOROURACIL INCORPORATED β-CD INCLUSION COMPLEX FOR SOLUBILITY AND STABILITY ENHANCEMENT IN DOSAGE FORMS
Authors: SINGH RAHUL KUMAR , DEORA ANIRUDH SINGH
Published: March 2022

Objective: Current work aimed to enhance solubility and stability of 5-fluorouracil drugs by preparing inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin.
Methods: In this study, inclusion complex preparation ratio selected on the basis of slope and Kc (binding constant) value in between 5-fluorouracil-β-cyclodextrin and best method out of the physical mixture, kneading method, and co-evaporation method for solubility and stability enhancement is selected on the basis of % yield, drug content, dissolution rate study and stability study.
Results: Based on the phase solubility graph, a 1:1 ratio was selected for complex formation by Kc value which decided a quite stable form of a complex. The characterization of all three types of inclusion complex was performed by DSC and SEM. It proved that different moiety of the complex was formed, but all are quite stable with negligible interaction. The kneading method as the best inclusion complex at ratio 1:1 was selected after evaluating by performing percent yield and drug content and dissolution rate study for solubility profile and physical appearance, drug content, and drug release study for stability profile.
Conclusion: We finally conclude that the Kc value proved that the inclusion complex is quite stable and ready to convert in any dosage form of choice. Inclusion complex formed by kneading method is one of the best options among all three techniques for solubility and stability enhancement of drug, which definitely help for a 5-fluorouracil drug to convert into a better dosage form to treat carcinoma.