bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The integrated hydrologic model intercomparison project, IH‐MIP2: A second set of benchmark results to diagnose integrated hydrology and feedbacks
Authors: Kollet Stefan , Sulis Mauro , Maxwell Reed M. , Paniconi Claudio , Putti Mario , Bertoldi Giacomo , Coon Ethan T. , Cordano Emanuele , Endrizzi Stefano , Kikinzon Evgeny , Mouche Emmanuel , Mügler Claude , Park Young‐Jin , Refsgaard Jens C. , Stisen Simon , Sudicky Edward
Published: December 2016

Emphasizing the physical intricacies of integrated hydrology and feedbacks in simulating connected, variably saturated groundwater‐surface water systems, the Integrated Hydrologic Model Intercomparison Project initiated a second phase (IH‐MIP2), increasing the complexity of the benchmarks of the first phase. The models that took part in the intercomparison were ATS, Cast3M, CATHY, GEOtop, HydroGeoSphere, MIKE‐SHE, and ParFlow. IH‐MIP2 benchmarks included a tilted v‐catchment with 3‐D subsurface; a superslab case expanding the slab case of the first phase with an additional horizontal subsurface heterogeneity; and the Borden field rainfall‐runoff experiment. The analyses encompassed time series of saturated, unsaturated, and ponded storages, as well as discharge. Vertical cross sections and profiles were also inspected in the superslab and Borden benchmarks. An analysis of agreement was performed including systematic and unsystematic deviations between the different models. Results show generally good agreement between the different models, which lends confidence in the fundamental physical and numerical implementation of the governing equations in the different models. Differences can be attributed to the varying level of detail in the mathematical and numerical representation or in the parameterization of physical processes, in particular with regard to ponded storage and friction slope in the calculation of overland flow. These differences may become important for specific applications such as detailed inundation modeling or when strong inhomogeneities are present in the simulation domain.
Global evaluation of new GRACE mascon products for hydrologic applications
Authors: Scanlon Bridget R. , Zhang Zizhan , Save Himanshu , Wiese David N. , Landerer Felix W. , Long Di , Longuevergne Laurent , Chen Jianli
Published: December 2016

Recent developments in mascon (mass concentration) solutions for GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellite data have significantly increased the spatial localization and amplitude of recovered terrestrial Total Water Storage anomalies (TWSA); however, land hydrology applications have been limited. Here we compare TWSA from April 2002 through March 2015 from (1) newly released GRACE mascons from the Center for Space Research (CSR‐M) with (2) NASA JPL mascons (JPL‐M), and with (3) CSR Tellus gridded spherical harmonics rescaled (sf) (CSRT‐GSH.sf) in 176 river basins, ∼60% of the global land area. Time series in TWSA mascons (CSR‐M and JPL‐M) and spherical harmonics are highly correlated (rank correlation coefficients mostly >0.9). The signal from long‐term trends (up to ±20 mm/yr) is much less than that from seasonal amplitudes (up to 250 mm). Net long‐term trends, summed over all 176 basins, are similar for CSR and JPL mascons (66–69 km3/yr) but are lower for spherical harmonics (∼14 km3/yr). Long‐term TWSA declines are found mostly in irrigated basins (−41 to −69 km3/yr). Seasonal amplitudes agree among GRACE solutions, increasing confidence in GRACE‐based seasonal fluctuations. Rescaling spherical harmonics significantly increases agreement with mascons for seasonal fluctuations, but less for long‐term trends. Mascons provide advantages relative to spherical harmonics, including (1) reduced leakage from land to ocean increasing signal amplitude, and (2) application of geophysical data constraints during processing with little empirical postprocessing requirements, making it easier for nongeodetic users. Results of this product intercomparison should allow hydrologists to better select suitable GRACE solutions for hydrologic applications.
Thin Film Adhesion of Flexible Electronics Influenced by Interlayers
Authors: Kleinbichler Andreas , Bartosik Mattias , Völker Bernhard , Cordill Megan J.
Published: December 2016

With the emergence of flexible electronics in the fields of medical sensors and foldable displays, there is a need to understand the interfacial behavior between active conducting elements and compliant polymer substrates, on which the devices are fabricated. Compression induced delamination is one technique that can be utilized to assess interfacial adhesion of flexible substrates that only uses the resulting buckle dimensions to quantitatively evaluate adhesion. It is found that spontaneous buckles formed in the Au film without the interlayer after deposition, while external loading is required to delaminate the Au film with the Ta adhesion layer indicating a higher adhesion energy.
Electric Field Effect in Two‐Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Authors: Liu Fucai , Zhou Jiadong , Zhu Chao , Liu Zheng
Published: December 2016

Two‐dimensional (2D) materials have been an emerging platform for future device applications. Among them, 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have attracted substantial interest because of their fascinating properties ranging from semiconductor, semimetal, metal, to superconductor. The electric controllability over their physical properties is extremely important for their device application. This feature article presents recent progress in the electrical manipulation of the optical, electric, and spin/valley dependent properties of 2D TMDs. Also, some of the outstanding challenges and opportunities in this promising research field are highlighted.
The Acculturation of Community Psychology: Is There a Best Way?
Authors: Birman Dina
Published: December 2016

In this paper I describe a community psychology perspective on acculturation and adjustment of immigrants and refugees and suggest that this field of acculturation research has in turn something to offer heuristically as we consider our identity and training for future generations of community psychologists over the next 50 years. I suggest that honoring our heritage, maintaining our disciplinary identity as community psychologists, and sustaining doctoral programs that offer training specific to community psychology are crucial for our survival as a field and is not antithetical to, and is indeed necessary for, interdisciplinary collaborations.
Immune activation in amniotic fluid from Zika virus–associated microcephaly
Authors: Ornelas Alice M.M. , Pezzuto Paula , Silveira Paola P. , Melo Fabiana O. , Ferreira Thales A. , Oliveira‐Szejnfeld Patricia S. , Leal Jeime I. , Amorim Melania M.R. , Hamilton Stuart , Rawlinson William D. , Cardoso Cynthia C. , Nixon Douglas F. , Tanuri Amilcar , Melo Adriana S. , Aguiar Renato S.
Published: December 2016

Recent advances in the understanding of neuropathogenesis associated with Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has led to descriptions of neonatal microcephaly cases. However, none of these reports have evaluated the humoral response during ZIKV infection. We report here polyfunctional immune activation associated with increased interferon‐gamma‐inducible protein 10, interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), monocyte chemoattractive protein 1 (MCP‐1), and granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) levels in the amniotic fluid of ZIKV‐positive pregnant women with neonatal microcephaly. These cytokines have been associated not only with neuronal damage, but also with differentiation and proliferation of neural progenitor cells. Our results suggested that the immune activation caused by ZIKV infection in the uterine environment could also interfere with fetal development. ANN NEUROL 2017;81:152–156
Eine Gesamtproteom‐basierte Auflistung der Hintergrundbinder von Photovernetzern
Authors: Kleiner Philipp , Heydenreuter Wolfgang , Stahl Matthias , Korotkov Vadim S. , Sieber Stephan A.
Published: December 2016

Affinitäts‐basiertes Protein‐Profiling (AfBPP) wird weithin zur Identifizierung der Zielproteine bioaktiver Moleküle eingesetzt. Sonden, die Photovernetzer wie Benzophenone, Diazirine und Arylazide enthalten, binden nach UV‐Bestrahlung das Molekül irreversibel an dessen Zielprotein. Bisher ist jedoch nur wenig über Photovernetzer‐spezifische Off‐Targets bekannt, was die Zuverlässigkeit der Ergebnisse einschränkt. Hier wurde deshalb der Proteinhintergrund von Photovernetzern mittels Gel‐freier, quantitativer Proteomik bestimmt. Für jede photoreaktive Gruppe wurden die charakteristischen Off‐Targets identifiziert. Um die Bedeutung der Ergebnisse zu verdeutlichen, wurde H8, ein Inhibitor der Proteinkinase A, mit einer Diazirin‐Einheit modifiziert. Der Vergleich des identifizierten Diazirin‐Hintergrunds mit den erhaltenen Zielproteinen dieser Photosonde lieferte neue Einblicke in deren In‐situ‐Zielproteine. Die Ergebnisse sind wegweisend für die Identifizierung biologisch relevanter Bindungspartner in Experimenten, in denen Photosonden verwendet werden.
Energy‐Saving Electrolytic Hydrogen Generation: Ni2P Nanoarray as a High‐Performance Non‐Noble‐Metal Electrocatalyst
Authors: Tang Chun , Zhang Rong , Lu Wenbo , Wang Zao , Liu Danni , Hao Shuai , Du Gu , Asiri Abdullah M. , Sun Xuping
Published: December 2016

It is highly attractive but challenging to develop earth‐abundant electrocatalysts for energy‐saving electrolytic hydrogen generation. Herein, we report that Ni2P nanoarrays grown in situ on nickel foam (Ni2P/NF) behave as a durable high‐performance non‐noble‐metal electrocatalyst for hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) in alkaline media. The replacement of the sluggish anodic oxygen evolution reaction with such the more thermodynamically favorable HzOR enables energy‐saving electrochemical hydrogen production with the use of Ni2P/NF as a bifunctional catalyst for anodic HzOR and cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction. When operated at room temperature, this two‐electrode electrolytic system drives 500 mA cm−2 at a cell voltage as low as 1.0 V with strong long‐term electrochemical durability and 100 % Faradaic efficiency for hydrogen evolution in 1.0 m KOH aqueous solution with 0.5 m hydrazine.
A Robust and Broadly Applicable Cobalt‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Functionalized Bench‐Stable Organozinc Pivalates with Unsaturated Halides
Authors: Hammann Jeffrey M. , Lutter Ferdinand H. , Haas Diana , Knochel Paul
Published: December 2016

We report a robust and broadly applicable CoCl2‐catalyzed cross‐coupling between functionalized aryl and heteroaryl zinc pivalates and various electron‐poor aryl and heteroaryl halides (X=Cl, Br, I). Couplings with (E)‐ or (Z)‐bromo‐ or iodo‐alkenes proceed with retention of configuration. Also, alkynyl bromides react with arylzinc pivalates providing arylated alkynes.
Circle of Security Intervention for Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Fardoulys Claire , Coyne Joe
Published: December 2016

Circle of Security is an attachment‐based parenting intervention that aims to promote secure parent–child attachment relationships. The current study explored whether the Circle of Security intensive intervention resulted in increased attachment security (assessed before and after completing the intervention) for caregiver–child dyads with Autism Spectrum Disorder. The current study also explored caregivers’ acceptance of the intervention by seeking client feedback and measured each caregiver's perceived sense of parenting competence. Two mothers each with a child under the age of 5 years diagnosed with Autistic Spectrum Disorder participated in the intervention. Results found one dyad shifted from avoidant to secure whilst the other dyad remained secure across time with some changes in behavioural dimensions. Each mother endorsed the intervention as highly valuable to her needs. Perceived parenting competence also increased post‐intervention for both mothers. Replication is recommended in order to generalise the results.
The Value of Complementarity. Integrating the Evidence from Air Survey and ALS in Bohemia
Authors: Gojda Martin
Published: December 2016

This paper offers a contribution to discussion of the value of integrating different airborne perspectives for landscape prospection. A case study in Bohemia, Czech Republic, illustrates how the integration of the results of a long‐term programme of aerial reconnaissance and recently acquired airborne laser scanning (ALS) (LiDAR) data has significantly improved the methodology and knowledge dividend for the study of past landscapes and settlements. Three types of features – barrows/ring ditches, a hillfort, and a nineteenth century artillery redoubts – have been surveyed repeatedly in order to detect the degree to which sites known from differential cropmarking in arable crops are also evident in ALS‐derived digital terrain models (DTMs), and vice versa. It is noted that components of the hillfort and redoubts are clearly evident in the DTMs despite lying in fields that have been intensively cultivated for many decades at least, and are not easily recognized from the ground because their outline is so smoothed. This study illustrates the complementarities of cropmark aerial survey and ALS even in heavily ploughed environments, where there is often an assumption that features recorded as cropmarks have no surface expression, when in fact this often depends on the scale of the features. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Realization of Actuator‐Fault Estimation for Distributed Wireless Networked Control Systems
Authors: Xu Dongmei , Wang Ying , Zhang Liping
Published: December 2016

This paper addresses a study of fault estimation for distributed wireless networked control systems (WNCSs) with actuator multiple faults during industrial automatic processes. Firstly, the model of WNCSs is formulated as linear time periodic systems (LTPSs) according to the periodicity of subsystems in WNCSs. Afterwards, the distributed fault estimation (FE) method for LTPSs is concerned. The strategy of avoiding the problem of structure‐limitation in the FE gain and the realization of the proposed method in the real process are especially detailed. Finally, the proposed FE method is verified on a wireless network control (WiNC) platform.
Oral drug absorption in pediatrics: the intestinal wall, its developmental changes and current tools for predictions
Authors: Nicolas Jean‐Marie , Bouzom François , Hugues Chanteux , Ungell Anna‐Lena
Published: December 2016

The dissolution, intestinal absorption and presystemic metabolism of a drug depend on its physicochemical characteristics but also on numerous physiological (e.g. gastrointestinal pH, volume, transit time, morphology) and biochemical factors (e.g. luminal enzymes and flora, intestinal wall enzymes and transporters). Over the past decade, evidence has accumulated indicating that these factors may differ in children and adults resulting in age‐related changes in drug exposure and drug response. Thus, drug dosage may require adjustment for the pediatric population to ensure the desired therapeutic outcome and to avoid side‐effects. Although tremendous progress has been made in understanding the effects of age on intestinal physiology and function, significant knowledge gaps remain. Studying and predicting pharmacokinetics in pediatric patients remains challenging due to ethical concerns associated with clinical trials in this vulnerable population, and because of the paucity of predictive in vitro and in vivo animal assays. This review details the current knowledge related to developmental changes determining intestinal drug absorption and pre‐systemic metabolism. Supporting experimental approaches as well as physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling are also discussed together with their limitations and challenges. © 2016 UCB Biopharma sprl. Biopharmaceutics & Drug Disposition Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Autophagy and the endo/exosomal pathways in health and disease
Authors: Papandreou Margarita‐Elena , Tavernarakis Nektarios
Published: December 2016

Cell homeostasis requires the concerted action of cellular pathways involved in degradation, trafficking and intercellular communication, which are interlinked to satisfy the cell's needs upon demand. Defects in these pathways instigate the development of several age‐related pathologies, such as neurodegenerative and chronic inflammatory diseases. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved and tightly regulated process of degrading cellular constituents. The endosomal and vesicular trafficking pathways contribute to this regulation and share common features with the autophagic process. Recently, autophagy has been implicated in the endosome/exosome secretory pathway. Importantly, current technological advances allow the manipulation of exosomes as drug nanocarriers in pharmaceutical intervention strategies. Here, we survey emerging findings relevant to the crosstalk between autophagy and the endo/exosomal vesicular trafficking pathways. In addition, we discuss novel methodologies that have recently been developed, which allow the utilization of these pathways for targeted drug delivery in disease.
Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation conditions for improved bioethanol production from potato peel residues
Authors: Ben Taher Imen , Fickers Patrick , Chniti Sofien , Hassouna Mnasser
Published: December 2016

The aim of this work was the optimization of the enzyme hydrolysis of potato peel residues (PPR) for bioethanol production. The process included a pretreatment step followed by an enzyme hydrolysis using crude enzyme system composed of cellulase, amylase and hemicellulase, produced by a mixed culture of Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma reesei. Hydrothermal, alkali and acid pretreatments were considered with regards to the enhancement of enzyme hydrolysis of potato peel residues. The obtained results showed that hydrothermal pretreatment lead to a higher enzyme hydrolysis yield compared to both acid and alkali pretreatments. Enzyme hydrolysis was also optimized for parameters such as temperature, pH, substrate loading and surfactant loading using a response surface methodology. Under optimized conditions, 77 g L−1 of reducing sugars were obtained. Yeast fermentation of the released reducing sugars led to an ethanol titer of 30 g L−1 after supplementation of the culture medium with ammonium sulfate. Moreover, a comparative study between acid and enzyme hydrolysis of potato peel residues was investigated. Results showed that enzyme hydrolysis offers higher yield of bioethanol production than acid hydrolysis. These results highlight the potential of second generation bioethanol production from potato peel residues treated with onsite produced hydrolytic enzymes. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 33:397–406, 2017
Investigation of Carbon Nanotubes in Mixed Matrix Membranes for Gas Separation: A Review
Authors: Nejad Mahsa Nahavandi , Asghari Morteza , Afsari Morteza
Published: December 2016

Mixed matrix membranes (MMM) consist of a polymeric base with additive fillers. Zeolites, carbon molecular sieves, graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are most commonly used fillers in the development of MMMs. Among these materials, CNTs have been proposed recently for gas separation application due to their attractive properties. Although CNTs have excellent separation properties, preparation of CNT‐MMMs is more complicated. To employ CNTs as effective reinforcement in the polymeric matrix, proper dispersion and suitable interfacial adhesion between the CNTs and the polymer matrix have to be guaranteed. In this paper, recent advances and developments on CNTs dispersion and alignment in the matrix were reviewed. Also, a critical comparison of various CNT functionalization methods and different functional groups are given. Applications of CNT‐MMMs in gas separation are also reviewed.
From Biogas to Biofuel: Materials Used for Biogas Cleaning to Biomethane
Authors: Chaemchuen Somboon , Zhou Kui , Verpoort Francis
Published: December 2016

Biomethane is one of the biofuel sources produced from biogas which is an important source of renewable energy. Since it is an alternative and clean energy source, its implementation as fuel source applying established energy infrastructure is an attractive opportunity. However, biogas as a source of biomethane contains undesirable compounds, e.g., H2S, NH3, siloxanes, water, etc. and needs to be decontaminated before usage. Biogas cleaning technologies are presented from a material point of view along with their property modifications. A brief discussion of materials applied in technologies with a particular emphasis on biogas cleaning is followed by the alternative properties and possibilities of liquid and solid adsorbents as well as chemical reactions used for biogas cleaning to produce biomethane suitable as fuel source to replace or reduce fossil fuel consumption.
Radioactive seed localization of renal cell carcinoma in a patient with Von Hippel‐Lindau disease
Authors: Hassing Christina Marie Schiøttz , Tvedskov Tove Filtenborg , Kroman Niels , Klausen Thomas Levin , Djurhuus Sissal , Langhans Linnea
Published: December 2016

Key Clinical Message

This report describes the case of a patient, who had successful radioactive seed localization (RSL) performed to improve the identification and excision of a renal cell carcinoma. RSL is a new method of preoperative localization, which can ease the surgical procedure, minimize tissue trauma, and ultimately benefit the patient.
Successful outcome of three patients with sickle‐cell disease and fat embolism syndrome treated with intensive exchange transfusion
Authors: Greaves Paul , Mathew Vivek , Peters Catherine , Rowe Susan , Amos Roger J. , Tsitsikas Dimitris A.
Published: December 2016

Key Clinical Message

Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a rare complication of sickle‐cell disease (SCD) associated with extremely high mortality rates. It affects predominantly non‐SS patients and those with previously mild disease. Rapid institution of exchange transfusion with an aim to reduce HbS to very low levels as soon as FES is suspected can be life‐saving.
Arylation of N‐Methyl‐2‐oxindole with Arylboronic Acids in Water Catalyzed by Palladium(II) Pincer Complexes with a Low Catalyst Loading
Authors: Vignesh Arumugam , Kaminsky Werner , Dharmaraj Nallasamy
Published: December 2016

Two new PdII ONO pincer complexes were utilized efficiently as homogeneous catalysts for the site‐selective C3‐arylation of N‐methyl‐2‐oxindole with arylboronic acids at room temperature in aqueous media to yield a series of 3‐aryl‐N‐methyl‐2‐oxindoles. This catalytic reaction progressed well with a low catalyst loading (0.01 mol %) under open‐flask conditions. Notably, a column‐chromatography‐free method for the quantitative preparation of C3‐arylated N‐methyl‐2‐oxindoles is reported. The catalyst showed good compatibility with wide range of substrates with recyclability in up to five consecutive runs without an appreciable loss of yield.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Properties of Bi3TeBO9 or Bi3(TeO6)(BO3): A Non‐Centrosymmetric Borate–Tellurate(VI) of Bismuth
Authors: Daub Michael , Krummer Michael , Hoffmann Anke , Bayarjargal Lkhamsuren , Hillebrecht Harald
Published: December 2016

Pale‐yellow single crystals of the new borate tellurate(VI) Bi3TeBO9 were obtained by reaction of stoichiometric amounts of Bi2O3, B2O3, and Te(OH)6 at 780 °C. The non‐centrosymmetric crystal structure (P63, Z=2, a=8.7454(16), c=5.8911(11) Å, 738 refl., 43 param, R1=0.037, wR2=0.093) contains isolated trigonal‐planar BO3 units and nearly undistorted TeO6 octahedra. The Bi3+ cations are located in between in octahedral voids. The BiO6 octahedra are significantly distorted to a [3+3] pattern (2.25/2.50 Å) due to the ns2 configuration. According to the structural features, the formula can be written as Bi3(TeO6)(BO3). Alternatively, the structure can also be described as hcp of oxygen with TeVI and BiIII in octahedral voids and BIII in trigonal‐ planar voids. The vibrational spectra show the typical features of BO3 and TeO6 units with a significant 10B/11B isotopic splitting of the IR‐active B−O valence mode (1248 and 1282 cm−1). The UV/Vis spectrum shows an optical band edge with an onset around 480 nm (2.6 eV). MAS‐NMR spectra of 11B show an anisotropic signal with a quadrupole coupling constant of CQ=2.55 MHz. and a very small deviation from rotational symmetry (η=0.2). The isotropic chemical shift is 20.1 ppm. The second harmonic generation (SHG) test was positive with an activity comparable to potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP). Bi3TeBO9 decomposes in air at 825 °C to Bi2TeO5.
Bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane as a Core Structure for Conformational Locking of 1,3‐Bis‐Pharmacophores, Exemplified by GABA
Authors: Vorberg Raffael , Trapp Nils , Carreira Erick M. , Müller Klaus
Published: December 2016

The synthesis and X‐ray crystal structures of syn and anti 4‐N‐Boc‐aminobicyclo[3.2.0]heptane‐1‐carboxylic acids are described. The placement of the N‐Boc‐amino groups in the two stereoisomers in either pseudo‐equatorial or pseudo‐axial positions renders the molecules conformationally locked, with N‐Boc‐protected γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) embedded within the bicyclic core. Despite the different conformations of the urethane and distinct crystal packing, the bicyclic core units of the two stereoisomers adopt virtually identical structures. They correspond to in silico models of the parent bicyclic core and a systematic array of disubstituted derivatives. The study documents an intrinsic property of the bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane core to favor adoption of a boat‐like conformation, which is largely unaffected by various substitution patterns. The structural concepts are useful in the design of molecules with spatial and directional fixation of pharmacophoric groups.
Detailed Structural Analysis of a Self‐Assembled Vesicular Amphiphilic NCN‐Pincer Palladium Complex by Wide‐Angle X‐Ray Scattering and Molecular Dynamics Calculations
Authors: Hamasaka Go , Muto Tsubasa , Andoh Yoshimichi , Fujimoto Kazushi , Kato Kenichi , Takata Masaki , Okazaki Susumu , Uozumi Yasuhiro
Published: December 2016

Invited for the cover of this issue are the groups of Susumu Okazaki and Yasuhiro Uozumi at the University of Nagoya and at Institute for Molecular Science in Okazaki, respectively. The image depicts an amphiphilic pincer complex, which, as if it has intelligence, self‐constructs vesicular architecture to gain catalytic properties. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201603494.
Respect in Buyer/Seller Relationships
Authors: Bourassa Maureen A. , Cunningham Peggy H. , Ashworth Laurence , Handelman Jay
Published: December 2016

We explore respect's meaning and impact as experienced by individuals in buyer/seller business‐to‐business relationships. Though respect has known drivers and important consequences, it is poorly defined and understood, especially in business literature. We reviewed literature from various fields, including education, aging, and social work, and conducted in‐depth interviews with 24 North American professionals. Through thematic analysis of transcripts, we found respect is about valuing relationship partners. It results not only in commitment and positive word‐of‐mouth (as expected), but also positive emotions and citizenship behaviours. We develop a synthesized and expanded model of the determinants and outcomes of respect and point to future research. Our findings suggest managers should consider how to build respect in buyer/seller relationships to improve long‐term outcomes. Copyright © 2016 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
National Cancer Institute Formulary: A Public‐Private Partnership Providing Investigators Access to Investigational Anticancer Agents
Authors: Cristofaro JV , Ansher SS , Zwiebel JA , Ivy P , Conley B , Abrams JS , Doroshow JH
Published: December 2016

As part of the White House Cancer Moonshot Initiative, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) has developed a drug formulary to provide investigational anticancer agents to the extramural research community. This article describes how the NCI Formulary functions, how researchers may apply for access to drugs in the formulary, and the NCI's initial goals for formulary participation. Approved investigators may apply for access to formulary agents at: https://nciformulary.cancer.gov.
Predicting transporter‐mediated drug interactions: Commentary on: “Pharmacokinetic evaluation of a drug transporter cocktail consisting of digoxin, furosemide, metformin and rosuvastatin” and “Validation of a microdose probe drug cocktail for clinical drug interaction assessments for drug transporters and CYP3A”
Authors: Zhang L , Sparreboom A
Published: December 2016

Transporters, expressed in various tissues, govern the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs, and consequently their inherent safety and efficacy profiles. Drugs may interact with a transporter as a substrate and/or an inhibitor. Understanding transporter‐mediated drug‐drug interactions (DDIs), in addition to enzyme‐mediated DDIs, is an integral part of risk assessment in drug development and regulatory review because the concomitant use of more than one medication in patients is common.
Genetic advances uncover mechanisms of chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Chua KC , Kroetz DL
Published: December 2016

Chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common dose‐limiting toxicity experienced in 30–40% of patients undergoing treatment with various chemotherapeutics, including taxanes, vinca alkaloids, epothilones, proteasome inhibitors, and thalidomide. Importantly, CIPN significantly affects a patient's quality of life. Recent genetic association studies are enhancing our understanding of CIPN pathophysiology and serve as a foundation for identification of genetic biomarkers to predict toxicity risk and for the development of novel strategies for prevention and treatment.
Switched Photocurrent on Tin Sulfide‐Based Nanoplate Photoelectrodes
Authors: Chen Hongjun , Lyu Miaoqiang , Zhang Meng , Feron Krishna , Searles Debra J. , Dargusch Matthew , Yao Xiangdong , Wang Lianzhou
Published: December 2016

A new type of SnS2 nanoplate photoelectrode is prepared by using a mild wet‐chemical method. Depending on the calcination temperatures, SnS2‐based photoelectrodes can either retain their n‐type nature with greatly enhanced anodic photocurrent density (ca. 1.2 mA cm−2 at 0.8 V vs. Ag/AgCl) or be completely converted into p‐type SnS to generate approximately 0.26 mA cm−2 cathodic photocurrent density at −0.8 V vs. Ag/AgCl. The dominance of sulfur and tin vacancies are found to account for the dramatically different photoelectrochemical behaviors of n‐type SnS2 and p‐type SnS photoelectrodes. In addition, the band structures of n‐type SnS2 and p‐type SnS photoelectrodes are also deduced, which may provide an effective strategy for developing SnS2/SnS films with controllable energy‐band levels through a simple calcination treatment.
Blood serum retinol levels in Asinara white donkeys reflect albinism‐induced metabolic adaptation to photoperiod at Mediterranean latitudes
Authors: Cappai Maria Grazia , Lunesu Maria Grazia Antonietta , Accioni Francesca , Liscia Massimo , Pusceddu Mauro , Burrai Lucia , Nieddu Maria , Dimauro Corrado , Boatto Gianpiero , Pinna Walter
Published: December 2016

Previous works on albinism form of Asinara white donkeys (Equus asinus) identified the mutation leading to the peculiar phenotype spread to all specimens of the breed. Inbreeding naturally occurred under geographic isolation, on Asinara Island, in the Mediterranean Sea. Albino individuals can be more susceptible to develop health problems when exposed to natural sun radiation. Alternative metabolic pathways involved in photoprotection were explored in this trial. Nutrition‐related metabolites are believed to contribute to the conservation of Asinara donkeys, in which melanin, guaranteeing photoprotection, is lacking. Biochemical profiles with particular focus on blood serum β‐carotene and retinol levels were monitored. Identical natural grazing conditions for both Asinara (albino) and Sardo (pigmented) donkey breeds were assured on same natural pastures throughout the experimental period. A comparative metabolic screening, with emphasis on circulating retinol and nutrient‐related metabolites between the two breeds, was carried out over one year. Potential intra‐ and interspecimen fluctuations of metabolites involved in photoprotection were monitored, both during negative and positive photoperiods. Differences (p = .064) between blood serum concentrations of retinol from Asinara versus Sardo breed donkeys (0.630 vs. 0.490 μg/ml, respectively) were found. Retinol levels of blood serum turned out to be similar in the two groups (0.523 vs. 0.493 μg/ml, respectively, p = .051) during the negative photoperiod, but markedly differed during the positive one (0.738 vs. 0.486, respectively, p = .016). Blood serum β‐carotene levels displayed to be constantly around the limit of sensitivity in all animals of both breeds. Variations in blood serum concentrations of retinol in Asinara white donkeys can reflect the need to cope with seasonal exposure to daylight at Mediterranean latitudes, as an alternative to the lack of melanin. These results may suggest that a pulsed mobilization of retinol from body stores occurs to increase circulating levels during positive photoperiod.
Geographic structure in the Southern Ocean circumpolar brittle star Ophionotus victoriae (Ophiuridae) revealed from mtDNA and single‐nucleotide polymorphism data
Authors: Galaska Matthew P. , Sands Chester J. , Santos Scott R. , Mahon Andrew R. , Halanych Kenneth M.
Published: December 2016

Marine systems have traditionally been thought of as “open” with few barriers to gene flow. In particular, many marine organisms in the Southern Ocean purportedly possess circumpolar distributions that have rarely been well verified. Here, we use the highly abundant and endemic Southern Ocean brittle star Ophionotus victoriae to examine genetic structure and determine whether barriers to gene flow have existed around the Antarctic continent. Ophionotus victoriae possesses feeding planktotrophic larvae with presumed high dispersal capability, but a previous study revealed genetic structure along the Antarctic Peninsula. To test the extent of genetic differentiation within O. victoriae, we sampled from the Ross Sea through the eastern Weddell Sea. Whereas two mitochondrial DNA markers (16S rDNA and COI) were employed to allow comparison to earlier work, a 2b‐RAD single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) approach allowed sampling of loci across the genome. Mitochondrial data from 414 individuals suggested three major lineages, but 2b‐RAD data generated 1,999 biallelic loci that identified four geographically distinct groups from 89 samples. Given the greater resolution by SNP data, O. victoriae can be divided into geographically distinct populations likely representing multiple species. Specific historical scenarios that explain current population structure were examined with approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) analyses. Although the Bransfield Strait region shows high diversity possibly due to mixing, our results suggest that within the recent past, dispersal processes due to strong currents such as the Antarctic Circumpolar Current have not overcome genetic subdivision presumably due to historical isolation, questioning the idea of large open circumpolar populations in the Southern Ocean.
Nonconsumptive effects of a predator weaken then rebound over time
Authors: Kimbro David L. , Grabowski Jonathan H. , Hughes A. Randall , Piehler Michael F. , White J. Wilson
Published: December 2016

Predators can influence prey traits and behavior (nonconsumptive effects [NCEs]), often with cascading effects for basal resources and ecosystem function. But critiques of NCE experiments suggest that their duration and design produce results that describe the potential importance of NCEs rather than their actual importance. In light of these critiques, we re‐evaluated a toadfish (predator), crab (prey), and oyster (resource) NCE‐mediated trophic cascade. In a 4‐month field experiment, we varied toadfish cue (NCE) and crab density (approximating variation in predator consumptive effects, CE). Toadfish initially benefitted oyster survival by causing crabs to reduce consumption. But this NCE weakened over time (possibly due to prey hunger), so that after 2 months, crab density (CE) dictated oyster survivorship, regardless of cue. However, the NCE ultimately re‐emerged on reefs with a toadfish cue, increasing oyster survivorship. At no point did the effect of toadfish cue on mud crab foraging behavior alter oyster population growth or sediment organic matter on the reef, which is a measure of benthic‐pelagic coupling. Instead, both decreased with increasing crab density. Thus, within a system shown to exhibit strong NCEs in short‐term experiments (days) our study supported predictions from theoretical models: (a) within the generation of individual prey, the relative influence of NCEs appears to cycle over longer time periods (months); and (b) predator CEs, not NCEs, drive longer‐term resource dynamics and ecosystem function. Thus, our study implies that the impacts of removing top predators via activities such as hunting and overfishing will cascade to basal resources and ecosystem properties primarily through density‐mediated interactions.
Proposal of Series‐Parallel Continuously Regulated Chopper Suitable for Auxiliary Power Supply of Railway Vehicle
Authors: MORI TAKAO , NAKAMURA MASAYUKI , MAKISHIMA SHINGO , UEZONO KEIICHI , FUNATO HIROHITO
Published: December 2016

The conventional auxiliary power supply (APS) of a railway vehicle is directly connected to the catenary through the LC filter. Hence, the switching devices of the APS must have a high breakdown voltage to account for catenary voltage fluctuation. On the other hand, low‐voltage switching devices have better characteristics that are desirable for low‐loss and high‐frequency operation. Therefore, a step‐down converter is incorporated between the LC filter and inverter to adapt to catenary voltage fluctuations when using low‐voltage switching devices. This paper proposes the series‐parallel continuously regulated chopper as a novel step‐down converter. First, the fundamental operation characteristics and output voltage control method of the proposed chopper are introduced. The simulation and experimental results for the fundamental characteristics are then described; the simulation and experimental values were almost the same as the theoretical values. The proposed chopper controls the output voltage at the expected value without dramatic fluctuation regardless of the input voltage fluctuation. In addition, a resonance damping control for a constant power load is proposed. The operational characteristics were considered under different potential distributions or load conditions.
Analysis of Measured Data in Unbalanced Distribution System and Method of Making of Distribution System Model for Analyzing
Authors: FUJITA YU , KOBAYASHI HIROSHI , KODERA TAKANORI , AOKI MUTSUMI , SUZUKI HIROTO , ISHIKAWA HIROYUKI , MIWA TAKURO
Published: December 2016

In recent years, rapid introduction of photovoltaic power systems (PVs) causes voltage rise in distribution systems. In addition, residential PVs cause voltage unbalance in distribution systems. For these reasons, it has become difficult to control voltage in distribution systems to within the allowable range. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the voltage unbalance suppression method corresponding to the measured data in unbalanced distribution systems. Thus, we measured voltage on the distribution lines that are expected to large voltage imbalance and analyzed the reality of voltage unbalance. Also, static VAR compensator is suitable for voltage unbalance suppression, although it is expensive. Therefore, we make the distribution system model using the measured voltage in distribution systems to verify the voltage unbalance suppression effect.
Visible‐Light, Photoredox‐Mediated Oxidative Tandem Nitroso‐Diels–Alder Reaction of Arylhydroxylamines with Conjugated Dienes
Authors: Santacroce Veronica , Duboc Raphael , Malacria Max , Maestri Giovanni , Masson Geraldine
Published: December 2016

Arylhydroxylamines were used in the nitroso‐Diels–Alder reaction to generate in situ nitrosoarenes under visible‐light, catalytic and aerobic conditions. Mixing a solution of aryl‐ or heteroarylhydroxylamines with conjuguated dienes in the presence of a catalytic amount of Ru(bpy)3Cl2 afforded 3,6‐dihydro‐1,2‐oxazines in good yields under an oxygen atmosphere.
Development of a repository of individual participant data from randomized controlled trials of therapists delivered interventions for low back pain
Authors: Hee S.W. , Dritsaki M. , Willis A. , Underwood M. , Patel S.
Published: December 2016

Background

Individual patient data (IPD) meta‐analysis of existing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is a promising approach to achieving sufficient statistical power to identify sub‐groups. We created a repository of IPD from multiple low back pain (LBP) RCTs to facilitate a study of treatment moderators. Due to sparse heterogeneous data, the repository needed to be robust and flexible to accommodate millions of data points prior to any subsequent analysis.

Methods

We systematically identified RCTs of therapist delivered intervention for inclusion to the repository. Some were obtained through project publicity. We requested both individual items and aggregate scores of all baseline characteristics and outcomes for all available time points. The repository is made up of a hybrid database: entity‐attribute‐value and relational database which is capable of storing sparse heterogeneous datasets. We developed a bespoke software program to extract, transform and upload the shared data.

Results

There were 20 datasets with more than 3 million data points from 9328 participants. All trials collected covariates and outcomes data at baseline and follow‐ups. The bespoke standardized repository is flexible to accommodate millions of data points without compromising data integrity. Data are easily retrieved for analysis using standard statistical programs.

Conclusions

The bespoke hybrid repository is complex to implement and to query but its flexibility in supporting datasets with varying sets of responses and outcomes with different data types is a worthy trade off. The large standardized LBP dataset is also an important resource useable by other LBP researchers.

Significance

A flexible adaptive database for pain studies that can easily be expanded for future researchers to map, transform and upload their data in a safe and secure environment. The data are standardized and harmonized which will facilitate future requests from other researchers for secondary analyses.
Density Functional Theory Study of Ni Clusters Supported on the ZrO2(111) Surface
Authors: Cadi‐Essadek A. , Roldan A. , de Leeuw N. H.
Published: December 2016

The nickel/zirconia (Ni/ZrO2) interface plays a key role in the performance of the anode of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) and it is therefore important to understand the interaction between nickel nanoparticles and the ZrO2 surface. Here, we have described the interaction of five Nin (n = 1–5) clusters with the (111) surface of cubic zirconia, c‐ZrO2(111), using spin polarized density functional theory (DFT) calculations with inclusion of long‐range dispersion forces. We have systematically evaluated the geometric and electronic structure of different cluster configurations and sizes and shown how the clusters interact with the oxygen and zirconium surface atoms. The cluster‐surface interaction is characterized by a charge transfer from the Ni clusters to the surface. From calculations of the hopping rate and clustering energies, we have demonstrated that Ni atoms prefer to aggregate rather than wet the surface and we would therefore suggest that modifications in the synthesis could be needed to modify the coalescence of the supported metal particles of this catalytic system.
Review of flowmeters for carbon dioxide transport in CCS applications
Authors: Collie Graeme J. , Nazeri Mahmoud , Jahanbakhsh Amir , Lin Chih‐Wei , Maroto‐Valer M. Mercedes
Published: December 2016

Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from power stations and industrial plants are seen as major contributors to what is known as the greenhouse gas (GHG) effect. Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) is one technology which may reduce the quantity of CO2 released into the atmosphere but development of CCS has slowed due to the absence of a viable financial model. Metering technology is a prerequisite in enabling realistic financial decisions to be taken; however, there is currently a paucity of research into the types of flowmeters which would be suitable for incorporating into CCS transportation chains. This paper reviews and summarizes existing metering technologies with a view to establishing their suitability for measuring high mass flowrate, supercritical CO2. Open channel, differential pressure, velocity measurement, direct mass measurement, and electrical, magnetic, thermal, sonic, and radiation technologies are all considered. The challenges associated with each generic group are described, and recommendations made regarding the practicalities of using particular types of meter for CO2 transport in CCS applications. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The canonical semantic network supports residual language function in chronic post‐stroke aphasia
Authors: Griffis Joseph C. , Nenert Rodolphe , Allendorfer Jane B. , Vannest Jennifer , Holland Scott , Dietz Aimee , Szaflarski Jerzy P.
Published: December 2016

Current theories of language recovery after stroke are limited by a reliance on small studies. Here, we aimed to test predictions of current theory and resolve inconsistencies regarding right hemispheric contributions to long‐term recovery. We first defined the canonical semantic network in 43 healthy controls. Then, in a group of 43 patients with chronic post‐stroke aphasia, we tested whether activity in this network predicted performance on measures of semantic comprehension, naming, and fluency while controlling for lesion volume effects. Canonical network activation accounted for 22%–33% of the variance in language test scores. Whole‐brain analyses corroborated these findings, and revealed a core set of regions showing positive relationships to all language measures. We next evaluated the relationship between activation magnitudes in left and right hemispheric portions of the network, and characterized how right hemispheric activation related to the extent of left hemispheric damage. Activation magnitudes in each hemispheric network were strongly correlated, but four right frontal regions showed heightened activity in patients with large lesions. Activity in two of these regions (inferior frontal gyrus pars opercularis and supplementary motor area) was associated with better language abilities in patients with larger lesions, but poorer language abilities in patients with smaller lesions. Our results indicate that bilateral language networks support language processing after stroke, and that right hemispheric activations related to extensive left hemispheric damage occur outside of the canonical semantic network and differentially relate to behavior depending on the extent of left hemispheric damage. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1636–1658, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of new mono‐ and bisorganophosphorus proline derivatives with P–C–N moieties
Authors: Prishchenko Andrey A. , Livantsov Mikhail V. , Novikova Olga P. , Livantsova Ludmila I. , Petrosyan Valery S.
Published: December 2016

The various methods of aminomethylation of some PH‐acids with proline and their derivatives are investigated. The numerous derivatives of proline and corresponding phosphonates, phosphonites, phosphinates, and phosphorane with proline moieties are presented.