bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tumebacillus amylolyticus sp. nov., isolated from garden soil in Korea
Authors: Kang Minchung , Chhetri Geeta , Kim Jiyoun , Kim Inhyup , So Yoonseop , Seo Taegun
Published: May 2022

A starch-degrading novel strain, designated as strain ITR2T, was isolated from a soil sample collected from a garden near Dongguk University located in Goyang, Republic of Korea. The strain was identified as Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, and motile by means of peritrichous flagella. Moreover, 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed the novel strain to form a separate clade with

Tumebacillus permanentifrigoris

Eur1 9.5T (98.3 %) while also clustering with

Tumebacillus flagellatus

GST4T (97.9 %). Strain ITR2T grew optimally at temperatures of 20–30 °C, at pH 6.0–7.0 and at NaCl concentrations of 0–1 %. The sole quinone was menaquinone-7 and the cell-wall peptidoglycan comprised alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysine and meso-diaminopimelic acid (type-A1γ peptidoglycan). The major fatty acids (>10%) of the novel strain were C16 : 0, iso-C14 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0, while the major polar lipids were phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and one unidentified phospholipid. Other polar lipids of the novel strain included, two unidentified glycolipids, three unidentified phospholipids and one unidentified lipid. The in silico DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain ITR2T and its reference strains (

T. permanentifrigoris

DSM 18773T and

T. flagellatus

GST4T) were 21.3 and 23.9 %, respectively, while the average nucleotide identity values were 78.5 and 81.2 %, respectively. The genomic DNA G+C content was 54.9 mol%. Based on the phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and genomic data obtained in the present study, we propose Tumebacillus amylolyticus sp. nov. to be a novel species within the genus

Tumebacillus

. The type strain is ITR2T (=KCTC 43280T=NBRC 114753T).
Nanobodies in the limelight: Multifunctional tools in the fight against viruses
Authors: Moliner-Morro Ainhoa , McInerney Gerald M. , Hanke Leo
Published: May 2022

Antibodies are natural antivirals generated by the vertebrate immune system in response to viral infection or vaccination. Unsurprisingly, they are also key molecules in the virologist’s molecular toolbox. With new developments in methods for protein engineering, protein functionalization and application, smaller antibody-derived fragments are moving in focus. Among these, camelid-derived nanobodies play a prominent role. Nanobodies can replace full-sized antibodies in most applications and enable new possible applications for which conventional antibodies are challenging to use. Here we review the versatile nature of nanobodies, discuss their promise as antiviral therapeutics, for diagnostics, and their suitability as research tools to uncover novel aspects of viral infection and disease.
Prediction Of The Impact Of Genetic Variability On Drug Sensitivity For Clinically Relevant EGFR Mutations
Authors: Suriñach Aristarc , Hospital Adam , Westermaier Yvonne , Jordà Luis , Orozco-Ruiz Sergi , Beltrán Daniel , Colizzi Francesco , Andrio Pau , Soliva Robert , Municoy Martí , Gelpí Josep Lluís , Orozco Modesto
Published: May 2022

Mutations in the kinase domain of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) can be drivers of cancer and also trigger drug resistance in patients under chemotherapy treatment based on kinase inhibitors use. A priori knowledge of the impact of EGFR variants on drug sensitivity would help to optimize chemotherapy and to design new drugs effective against resistant variants. To this end, we have explored a variety of in silico methods, from sequence-based to ‘state-of-the-art’ atomistic simulations. We did not find any sequence signal that can provide clues on when a drug-related mutation appears and what will be the impact in drug activity. Low-level simulation methods provide limited qualitative information on regions where mutations are likely to produce alterations in drug activity and can predict around 70% of the impact of mutations on drug efficiency. High-level simulations based on non-equilibrium alchemical free energy calculations show predictive power. The integration of these ‘state-of-the-art’ methods in a workflow implementing an interface for parallel distribution of the calculations allows its automatic and high-throughput use, even for researchers with moderate experience in molecular simulations.
Comparative genomics reveals insight into the evolutionary origin of massively scrambled genomes
Authors: Feng Yi , Neme Rafik , Beh Leslie Y. , Chen Xiao , Braun Jasper , Lu Michael , Landweber Laura F.
Published: May 2022

Ciliates are microbial eukaryotes that undergo extensive programmed genome rearrangement that converts long germline chromosomes into smaller gene-rich somatic chromosomes. Three well-studied ciliates includeOxytricha trifallax,Tetrahymena thermophilaandParamecium tetraurelia, but only theOxytrichalineage has a massively scrambled genome whose assembly requires hundreds of thousands of precise DNA joining events. Here we study the emergence of genome complexity by examining the origin and evolution of discontinuous and scrambled genes in theOxytrichalineage.

We sequenced, assembled and annotated the germline and somatic genomes ofEuplotes woodruffiand the germline genome ofTetmemena sp., and compared their genome rearrangement features to that of the model ciliateOxytricha trifallax. The germline genome ofTetmemenais as massively scrambled and interrupted asOxytricha’s: 13.6% of its gene loci rearrange via translocations and/or inversions. This study revealed that the earlier-diverged spirotrich,E. woodruffi, also has a scrambled genome, but approximately half as many loci (7.3%) are scrambled, supporting its position as a possible evolutionary intermediate in this lineage, in the process of accumulating complex genome rearrangements. Scrambled loci are more often associated with local duplications, supporting a simple model for the origin of scrambled genes via DNA duplication and decay.
Angular X-ray cross-correlation analysis applied to the scattering data in 3D reciprocal space from a single crystal
Authors: Lapkin Dmitry , Shabalin Anatoly , Meijer Janne-Mieke , Kurta Ruslan , Sprung Michael , Petukhov Andrei V. , Vartanyants Ivan A.
Published: May 2022

An application of angular X-ray cross-correlation analysis (AXCCA) to the scattered intensity distribution measured in 3D reciprocal space from a single-crystalline sample is proposed in this work. Contrary to the conventional application of AXCCA, when averaging over many 2D diffraction patterns collected from different randomly oriented samples is required, the proposed approach provides an insight into the structure of a single specimen. This is particularly useful in studies of defect-rich samples that are unlikely to have the same structure. The application of the method is shown on an example of a qualitative structure determination of a colloidal crystal from simulated as well as experimentally measured 3D scattered intensity distributions.
Mixed crystal of bis(ammonium/oxonium) tetraaqua-μ3-fluorido-dodecakis(μ2-trifluoroacetato)octahedro-hexaytterbiate(III) tetrahydrate, [(NH4)1–x
(H3O)
x
]2[Yb6F8(O2CCF3)12(H2O)4]·4H2O (x = 1/4), containing a hexanuclear ytterbium(III) carboxylate complex with face-capping fluoride ligands and comprising an unusual kind of substitutional disorder
Authors: Morsbach Florian , Frank Walter
Published: May 2022

The reaction of ytterbium metal with ammonium trifluoroacetate in liquid ammonia resulted in a green substance comprising a substantial amount of ytterbium(II) trifluoroacetate that is a useful precursor for the oxidative synthesis of the new ytterbium(III) compound, [(NH4)1–x
(H3O)
x
]2[Yb6F8(O2CCF3)12(H2O)4]·4H2O (x = 1/4), in aqueous trifluoroacetic acid. This mixed ammonium/oxonium crystalline solid is the first example of a substance containing an octahedro-hexanuclear ytterbium(III) complex with μ3-face-capping fluorido ligands. The main structural features of its [Yb6F8] core are non-bonding Yb...Yb distances and Yb—F bond lengths of 3.7576 (3)–3.9413 (5) and 2.2375 (17)–2.3509 (17) Å, respectively. Yb—O bond lengths involving the O atoms of O,O′-bridging carboxylato ligands and vertex-substituting aqua ligands are in the ranges 2.23 (4)–2.329 (2) and 2.448 (2)–2.544 (3) Å, respectively. These bond lengths are in accordance with expectations, taking into account lanthanoid contraction. Interestingly, there is a significant ammonium versus oxonium ion site dependence, not only of the hydrate water molecule positions within the solid's hydrogen-bonding framework, but also of the coordination sites of one carboxylato and one aqua ligand in the hexanuclear complex.
Dichlorido(4-methylaniline-κN)[N-(4-methylphenyl)-1-(thiophen-2-yl)methanimine-κN]palladium(II)
Authors: Butcher Ray J. , Singh Puspendra , Shabbani Gulam
Published: May 2022

The structure of a mono-amine PdII complex, [PdCl2(C7H9N)(C12H11NS)], which crystallizes in the triclinic space group, P\overline{1}, is reported. The primary geometry around the PdII atom closely resembles square planar (τ4′ = 0.069). In the (E)-1-(thiophen-2-yl)-N-(p-tolyl)methanimine ligand, the phenyl and thiophene rings are not coplanar, subtending a dihedral angle of 38.5 (1)° because of steric effects. The PdCl2N2 coordination plane is almost perpendicular to the planes of the coordinated o-toluidine and the NC2 fragment [dihedral angles of 84.7 (1) and 72.50 (4)°, respectively]. The Pd—NH2 length of 2.040 (2) Å is slightly shorter than the observed mean value for other complexes involving a Pd atom attached to the nitrogen of an aniline derivative. The molecules display an interesting supramolecular synthon based on reciprocal intermolecular N–H...Cl hydrogen-bonding interactions of the p-toluidine amine fragment, which results in centrosymmetric dimeric units. These units are further linked by C—H...Cl interactions, resulting in chains in the c-axis direction where the mean-planes of the repeating fragment are oriented in the (110) plane.
4,4'-(Ethene-1,2-diyl)dipyridinium bis(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoate)
Authors: Angevine Devin J. , Benedict Jason B.
Published: May 2022

In the title double proton-transfer salt, C12H12N2
2+·2C8H7O4
−, consisting of a 1:2 ratio of 4,4'-(ethene-1,2-diyl)dipyridinium cations (trans bipyridinium ethylene) to 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoate anions (o-vanillate), the complete cation is generated by crystallographic inversion symmetry and it is linked to adjacent o-vanillate anions by N—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming trimolecular assemblies. The trimers are linked by C—H...O hydrogen bonds as well as aromatic π–π stacking interactions into a three-dimensional network. The anion features an intramolecular O—H...O hydrogen bond.
The effects of utilitarian value on omnichannel continuance intention: the moderating role of product involvement
Authors: Geng Lixiao , Chang Yaping
Published: May 2022

Purpose

This study aims to examine the factors that motivate consumers’ omnichannel continuance intention from the utilitarian value perspective and to test the moderating role of product involvement.

Design/methodology/approach

Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the research model with data on 382 omnichannel consumers.

Findings

Three perceived utilitarian value dimensions – quality, monetary savings and convenience – positively influence consumers’ omnichannel continuance intention through their attitudes. Convenience is the main driver of consumers’ omnichannel shopping. Moreover, the effect of perceived quality on attitude is greater for consumers with low rather than high product involvement.

Research limitations/implications

This study refines the research on omnichannel consumer behavior, adds to the factors known to influence consumers’ omnichannel selection and identifies the critical role of product involvement in retaining consumers. However, it only investigates the basic dimensions of perceived utilitarian value and does not distinguish between types of omnichannel services. Future research can expand upon consumer intention by considering more utilitarian values and omnichannel services.

Practical implications

Omnichannel retailers should consider the significance of these findings in guiding consumer retention and channel integration. Specifically, they may suggest more convenient methods for shopping and measures of consumer product involvement to provide utilitarian value.

Originality/value

This study adds to the literature on omnichannel selection by investigating consumers’ continuance intention. Analyzing the effects of utilitarian value extends prior research on information systems, channel integration, supply chain management and consumer experience.
How does technology sourcing in organizational ambidexterity produce high venture performance?
Authors: Su Taoyong , Yu Yuzhu , Li Yuanqing , Zhang Jintao
Published: May 2022

Purpose

Based on a theoretical framework of ambidexterity in technology sourcing beyond organizational and technological boundaries, this study aims to explore how start-ups balance technology sourcing in organizational ambidexterity (TSOA) to produce high venture performance.

Design/methodology/approach

A questionnaire survey is distributed among start-ups in the science and technology park of a university in eastern China, producing a total of 45 valid responses. The fuzzy-set approach to qualitative comparative analysis is used in this study.

Findings

The findings show that start-ups achieve high venture performance through external technology sourcing (external exploration and exploitation) in the initial stage. In the growth stage, start-ups adopt external and internal technology sourcing (internal exploration and exploitation) to produce high venture performance. The technology sourcing strategy in ambidextrous activity for start-ups is punctuated equilibrium and evolving from the external ambidexterity to internally and externally coordinate ambidexterity at entrepreneurial stages.

Originality/value

This study creatively adopts configuration-based thinking to investigate how to balance TSOA for high venture performance, extending the literature on technology sourcing and contributing to the balance theory of exploration and exploitation.
Towards co-created food well-being: culinary consumption, braggart word-of-mouth and the role of participative co-design, service provider support and C2C interactions
Authors: Taheri Babak , Pourfakhimi Shahab , Prayag Girish , Gannon Martin J. , Finsterwalder Jörg
Published: May 2022

Purpose

This study aims to investigate whether the antecedents of co-creation influence braggart word-of-mouth (WoM) in a participative leisure context, theorising the concept of co-created food well-being and highlighting implications for interactive experience co-design.

Design/methodology/approach

A sequential mixed-method approach was used to test a theoretical model; 25 in-depth interviews with cooking class participants were conducted, followed by a post-experience survey (n= 575).

Findings

Qualitative results suggest braggart WoM is rooted in active consumer participation in co-designing leisure experiences. The structural model confirms that participation in value co-creating activities (i.e. co-design, customer-to-customer (C2C) interaction), alongside perceived support from service providers, increases consumer perceptions of co-creation and stimulates braggart WoM. Degree of co-creation and support from peers mediate some relationships.

Research limitations/implications

Limited by cross-sectional data from one experiential consumption format, the results nevertheless demonstrate the role of active participation in co-design and C2C interactions during value co-creation. This implies that co-created and co-designed leisure experiences can intensify post-consumption behaviours and potentially enhance food well-being.

Practical implications

The results highlight that integrating customer participation into service design, while also developing opportunities for peer support on-site, can stimulate braggart WoM.

Originality/value

Extends burgeoning literature on co-creation and co-design in leisure services. By encouraging active customer participation while providing support and facilitating C2C interactions, service providers can enhance value co-creation, influencing customer experiences and food well-being. Accordingly, the concept of co-created food well-being is introduced.
Understanding the role of users’ socio-location attributes and their privacy implications on social media
Authors: Vgena Katerina , Kitsiou Angeliki , Kalloniatis Christos
Published: May 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to establish reciprocity among socio-location attributes while underlining the additional users’ privacy implications on social media (SM).

Design/methodology/approach

Digital identity theories, social software engineering theory and the Privacy Safeguard (PriS) methodology were considered while reviewing 32 papers for identifying users’ SM attributes. After proposing interrelations among socio-location attributes, the PriS method was used to match social aspects of privacy in designing case studies to illustrate the associations through potential users’ privacy implications.

Findings

Eighteen users’ SM attributes were collected and correlated to the Face, Frame, Activity, Time and Stage (FFrATS) 4 W (socio-location attributes), which provoke further privacy implications due to the notions of self-determination and self-disclosure on SM. The authors draw on the PriS methodology to address privacy’s multidimensionality while creating case studies to examine privacy issues arising due to socio-location attribute disclosure and users’ trajectories and normativity lines.

Research limitations/implications

Supplementary case studies and research are needed to enable the design of a socio-spatially and privacy-aware designing methodology.

Practical implications

Designing proper methodologies and techniques to address users’ privacy implications deriving from socio-location attributes can provide designers with a technical solution to SM platforms.

Social implications

Socio-location attribute disclosure constructs representative SM profiles; however, the revelation of attributes and their interrelations create additional privacy implications for SM users.

Originality/value

Deepening the understanding of disclosing socio-location attributes on SM while bridging the socio-technical gap will provide the necessary background for proposing technical solutions to protecting users’ privacy.
Can developmental culture enhance team service innovation? Quantitative and qualitative analyses in the hospitality industry
Authors: Yang Mingjun , Luu Tuan Trong , Qian David
Published: May 2022

Purpose

Service innovation benefits hospitality organizations’ service quality and competitive advantages. However, how and when team culture amplifies team service innovation is still not fully comprehended. Thus, this study aims to reveal the mediation and moderation mechanisms behind the team-level culture and service innovation nexus.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used both quantitative and qualitative methods to validate the research model. The authors collected data from leaders and their members working in the hospitality sector in China.

Findings

The results demonstrated the positive nexus of developmental culture and team service innovation. This nexus was sequentially mediated by aggregated creative role identity and aggregated creative self-efficacy and was also strengthened by task interdependence.

Practical implications

The results indicated that hospitality practitioners should consistently instill the values of developmental culture into their members to trigger their teams’ service innovative endeavors. They should also design more tasks requiring intensive teamwork and encourage members to complete these tasks collaboratively.

Originality/value

This study advances the understanding of the direct, mediating and moderating effects behind team service innovation.
Understanding the adoption or rejection of management accounting innovations within an SME using Rogers’ conceptual frameworks
Authors: Ben Hamadi Zouhour , Fournès Christine
Published: May 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to understand the adoption or rejection of management accounting innovations (MAIs) in the specific context of small and medium entreprises (SMEs) through a constructivist approach of the theory of the diffusion of innovations.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper uses a case study approach during the rollout of two MAIs run by the company’s management controller. One of them was adopted, and the other was rejected. To understand the perception of different actors in the company, the authors carried out 28 semistructured interviews at different periods of time: when the management controller started his job, when he/she was introduced to the two MAIs and at the decision-making to adopt or reject the innovations. The approach of Rogers’ framework is here constructivist. The case study allows us to analyze qualitatively the intrinsic perceived attributes of the innovations as well as the organizational innovativeness and to put them into context.

Findings

MAIs are not merely technical innovations but social practices. The relative advantage is necessary but not sufficient for their adoption. This paper also demonstrates the importance of the champion in the specific context of SMEs. This key player in the promotion and adoption of MAIs in SMEs has to be endorsed by the leader of the organization to ensure the innovation’s adoption. In addition, Rogers’ framework underlines that the predominant factor is complexity as both an endogenous and a heterogeneous element, underscoring the information and training that the project’s promoter should organize for the staff.

Research limitations/implications

The main limit is due to the methodological approach (case study): Would these factors be as significant in a completely different sector to management accounting or in another type of enterprise?

Practical implications

The analytical grid combines different organizational and individual factors described by Rogers and provides us with a predictive approach to the innovation’s chances of adoption and the risk of rejection.

Social implications

Complexity, both as an innovation attribute perceived by individuals and as an internal characteristic of the organization, is a decisive factor in the rejection or adoption decision.

Originality/value

This paper answers to two main research gaps. Most of papers analyze the introduction of one unique innovation in different entities. Here, the authors focus on one entity with two different innovations. In addition, most of papers were retrospective. In this paper, thanks to the case study, the introduction and the process of adoption of two innovations were studied at the time it happened and not after the events had occurred. Moreover, while most papers using Roger’s framework are quantitative, the authors pay attention to the meaning of the different characteristics at different stages and in the specific context of one SME with a constructivist qualitative approach.
Earnings management and tone management: evidence from FTSE 350 companies
Authors: Kayed Salah , Meqbel Rasmi
Published: May 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to examine whether firms meeting or just beating an earnings benchmark engage in tone management in earnings conference calls to complement earnings management in the UK context. It also investigates whether the audience tone in beating or just meeting earnings fails to predict future performance.

Design/methodology/approach

This study was performed using a sample of non-financial UK firms listed in the FTSE 350 index over the period 2010–2015.

Findings

The findings show that firms that exercise more earnings management to meet or just beat earnings are positively associated with the abnormal tone during earnings conference calls. The outcomes also reveal that the audience’s tone of firms meeting or just beating an earnings benchmark fails to predict future performance. This confirms the effectiveness of the tone management in managing the perception of audience.

Practical implications

This study highlights the need for increased accountability by firms on earnings conference call. It also supports academics and practitioners in understanding the management discretion used in reporting and communication during the earnings conference call. Overall, the results of this study are beneficial for regulators, policymakers and professionals, regarding confirming the need for the earnings conference calls to be regulated.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that examines the association between earnings management and tone management in the UK earnings conference calls. It adds to the existing literature by examining the self-serving behaviour of managerial tone during earnings conference calls within a sitting in which meeting or just beating a benchmark is used. Unlike several studies that explain the behaviour of tone as a signalling strategy, this study reveals that the tendency of impression management behaviour can explain the tone management.
Can religiosity alter luxury and counterfeit consumption? An empirical study in an emerging market
Authors: Kasber Aya , El-Bassiouny Noha , Hamed Sara
Published: May 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to describe the effect of religiosity on luxury and counterfeit purchase intentions and to determine the role of consumer ethics in the context of counterfeit purchase intention. The conceptual framework is based on Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). In the context of counterfeit consumption, religiosity is proposed to be an added component to the theory, while ethical consumption is proposed to mediate the relationship between religiosity and counterfeit purchase intention. In the context of luxury consumption, religiosity is proposed to precede TPB components which then affect luxury purchase intention.

Design/methodology/approach

This is a descriptive study; this study uses a mixed-methods approach, where eight semi-structured in-depth interviews and 500 surveys were conducted and distributed to Egyptian luxury consumers.

Findings

The major results suggest that religiosity and ethical consumption negatively affect counterfeit purchase intention as proposed. The results also reveal that religiosity did not necessitate a negative attitude toward luxury consumption. Religiosity was found to have a positive effect on attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. Only subjective norms had significant effect on luxury purchase intention in the research context.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the TPB by adding religiosity to the theory components as well as integrating the theory of planned behavior with Consumer’s Ethics theory in the context of counterfeit consumption. The study is an attempt to compare between luxury and counterfeit purchase intention while considering the role of individual’s religiosity in these purchases.
Impact of brand familiarity on attitude formation: insights and generalizations from a meta-analysis
Authors: Junior Ladeira Wagner , Santiago Joanna Krywalski , de Oliveira Santini Fernando , Costa Pinto Diego
Published: May 2022

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the effects of brand familiarity on attitude formation across different advertising channels, product types and brand settings.

Design/methodology/approach

A meta-analysis containing 107 empirical studies with 183 effects sizes tests a theoretical model according to situational moderators and methodological factors of brand familiarity.

Findings

Brand familiarity has stronger positive impacts on attitude formation under particular advertising tools (online and real advertising), product types (hedonic and mature products) and brand characteristics (memory-based recall). The findings also depend on methodological factors such as student samples, laboratory settings and non-estimated effect sizes.

Originality/value

This meta-analytic study reconciles prior inconsistencies and advances the understanding of brand familiarity across key advertising, product and brand moderators.
The role of cynicism in follower championing behavior: the moderating effect of empowering leadership
Authors: Sabar  , Sukoco Badri Munir , Snell Robin Stanley , Susanto Ely , Teofilus  , Widianto Sunu , Nasution Reza Ashari , Fauzi Anas Miftah
Published: May 2022

Purpose

This study investigates how, in the context of organizational change initiatives, the adoption of empowering leadership can foster positive social exchange relationships between leaders and subordinates, in turn, neutralizing cynicism about organizational change (CAOC) and allowing follower championing behavior (FCB) to emerge.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors analyzed data from 908 faculty members from 11 top-rated public universities in Indonesia. The data used in this research are multisource, so the data processing steps are rwg and ICC tests, data quality testing, and hypothesis testing.

Findings

The authors found that CAOC among these members had a negative effect on their FCB, but this negative effect was buffered by the presence of empowering leadership.

Research limitations/implications

The authors' research captures perceptions at one point in time. Future research could adopt a longitudinal approach to simulate empowering leadership stimuli and investigate the impacts of FCB.

Practical implications

This study contributes to Indonesian business management, which exhibits a culture of high power distance. The findings suggest that managers should improve managers' interpersonal communication with subordinates and consider managers' feelings toward change in the organization so that managers' subordinates will provide feedback in the form of decreasing cynicism and will exhibit FCB.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the understanding of why CAOC may not be expressed explicitly in Asian countries due to Asian collectivist and high power-distance values that discourage subordinates from voicing their disagreement with change initiatives.
A hierarchical cluster analysis of port performance in Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Rozar Norlinda , Sidik Mohd Hazeem , Razik Muhammad Ashlyzan , Ahmad Kamaruddin Saadi , Rozar Mohd Kholil Ashari Mohd , Usman Indrianawati , Alown Bandar Ersan
Published: May 2022

Purpose

The term competitive has always been used as a comparison to provide a distinction between two or more things. Southeast Asia handles billions of tonnes of global seaborne trade annually. Thus, there is a necessity to look in detail at the performance indicators of port competitiveness on the basis of port performance.

Design/methodology/approach

This study has categorized 18 Malaysian bulk terminals into two different classes based on various performance indicators. The distinctions used a hierarchical cluster analysis by arranging the performance indicators. The technique is among the most popular techniques used to form homogeneous groups of entities or objects.

Findings

In this study, it was found that two classes were classified as being competitive from the homogeneous groups created. Based on the performance metrics chosen, Group 1 had the lowest score and Group 2 had the highest score. It was found that the Westport and Northport of Klang Port had the best performance of all.

Research limitations/implications

A major challenge for the study is the lack of variables relevant to other port competitiveness requirements, and a detailed research study is needed to gather information on the satisfaction of terminal customers, the paperwork involved, the accuracy and consistency of tariffs paid, the level of safety at sea and on land and environmental protection around the facility site.

Originality/value

The study on ports has been given less attention among researchers in this particular area. Therefore, this paper focuses on the port terminals in Malaysia and compares port performance metrics between ports to determine their competitiveness.
An overview on megaproject management
systems
Authors: Ashkanani Salman , Franzoi Robert
Published: May 2022

Purpose

There is a large amount of published literature on project management.
However, there exists a gap between the existing literature and current
practices in the industry for the development and execution of megaprojects.
Existing literature generally focuses on individual elements applicable to
project management in general. This article aims to provide an overview of
the project management system components used in industrial megaprojects and
identify the gaps between theory and practice, which can be used as input
for further research on the topic.

Design/methodology/approach

The topic of megaproject management is reviewed based on available literature
sources on megaproject management systems to identify the main gaps in the
literature between theory and practice. Based on the findings, an analysis
is provided to discuss the improvements required in distinct project
management areas and phases.

Findings

There are multiple gaps associated with issues, failures, successes and
challenges in industrial megaprojects. Improvements are needed in distinct
management areas and over the entire project lifetime. Further guidelines
are required for achieving improved megaproject management systems. Such
concepts could benefit researchers and practitioners in streamlining their
research toward the most relevant and critical areas of improvement of
megaproject management systems.

Originality/value

This study addresses the literature gaps between theory and practices on
megaproject management systems with an overview that provides helpful
guidance for industrial applications and future research. A holistic
analysis identifies gaps and critical drives in the body of knowledge,
revealing avenues for future research focused on quality as the central
pillar that affects the entire megaproject management system.
Examining the effects of demographic, social and environmental factors on entrepreneurial intention
Authors: Dubey Pushkar , Sahu Kailash Kumar
Published: May 2022

Purpose

Creating employment for all seems to be impossible in emerging nations as the unemployment rate is rising faster than the number of job openings available. Studies on the other hand show that creating jobs is simple if the right resources and opportunities are made available. The present study aims to examine the effects of various demographic social and environmental factors on the entrepreneurial intention of engineering undergraduates in Chhattisgarh state.

Design/methodology/approach

Correlational research design was incorporated in the present study. The author applied stratified random sampling to collect samples of 1,000 engineering undergraduates enrolled in their third and fourth years in different technical colleges/universities in Chhattisgarh state. Structural equation modelling and confirmatory factor analysis were applied to analyse the data.

Findings

The results revealed that demographic, social and environmental factors greatly influenced engineering undergraduates’ entrepreneurial intention. However, age and occupation do not predict their self-employment intention.

Originality/value

The present research itself is a novel study, especially in Chhattisgarh state, where the area of examining the effects of demographic, social and environmental factors on entrepreneurial intention among technical undergraduates has been limitedly explored.
Race, police stops, and perceptions of anti-Black police discrimination in Toronto, Canada over a quarter century
Authors: Wortley Scot , Owusu-Bempah Akwasi
Published: May 2022

Purpose

Black Canadians have a historically tenuous relationship with the police. Negative perceptions of the police held by Black people have traditionally resulted from high levels of police contact and perceived negative treatment during these encounters. Well-publicized instances of police violence involving Black civilians have also fostered hostility and mistrust of the police, often resulting in social unrest. Recently, in the wake of George Floyd's death at the hands of American police, people across Canada rallied in support of the Black Lives Matter social movement and calls to defund the police entered mainstream political consciousness. At the same time, police leaders have vehemently argued that racial bias within Canadian policing has been greatly reduced as the result of various reform efforts.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper explores the police racism debate in Canada through an analysis of three waves of survey data collected between 1994 and 2019.

Findings

Despite well-publicized reform efforts, the authors' findings demonstrate that little has changed over the past 25 years. Black people still report much higher rates of police stop and search activity than people from other racial backgrounds. Furthermore, racial disparities in negative police contact remain strongly significant after controlling for other theoretically relevant factors, including self-reported deviance and community crime levels. Finally, reflecting their negative experiences, most Black people still perceive Canadian law enforcement as racially biased. Nonetheless, the data do reveal one significant change: the proportion of white people who perceive police discrimination against Black people has increased dramatically over this same time period. The paper concludes by discussing the prospects of meaningful reform in light of the current findings.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the literature on race and policing through an examination of 25 years of survey data across three waves of collection.
Expression of anti and pro‐inflammatory genes in human endothelial cells activated by 25‐hydroxycholesterol: A comparison of rivaroxaban and dabigatran
Authors: Gorzelak‐Pabiś Paulina , Pawlos Agnieszka , Broncel Marlena , Wojdan Katarzyna , Woźniak Ewelina
Published: May 2022

Atherosclerosis is associated with a haemostatic imbalance characterized by excessive activation of pro‐inflammatory and pro‐coagulant pathways. Non‐vitamin K antagonists oral anticoagulant (NOACs) may reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events, cerebral ischemia, thromboembolic events and atherosclerosis. Chronic inflammation, vascular proliferation and the development of atherosclerosis is also influenced by 25‐hydroxycholesterol (25‐OHC). The aim of the study was to assess the effect of rivaroxaban and dabigatran on the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of anti‐inflammatory cytokines transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β), interleukin (IL)‐37, IL‐35 as well as of pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐18 and IL‐23, in endothelial cells damaged by 25‐OHC. Human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with 25‐OHC (10 μg/mL), rivaroxaban (100, 500 ng/mL), dabigatran (100, 500 ng/mL), 25‐OHC + rivaroxaban, and 25‐OHC + dabigatran. The mRNA expression of TGF‐β, IL‐37, IL‐35 subunits EBI3 and p35, IL‐18, and IL‐23 was analysed using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results showed that 25‐OHC decreased TGF‐β and IL‐37 mRNA expression and increased EBI3, p35, IL‐18, IL‐23 mRNA expression in endothelial cell as compared to an untreated control (P < .05). Messenger RNA expression of TGF‐β and IL‐37 significantly increased following stimulation with rivaroxaban and dabigatran as compared to an untreated control (P < .01). In HUVECs pre‐treated with oxysterol, rivaroxaban and dabigatran increased mRNA expression of TGF‐β, IL‐37 and decreased mRNA expression of EBI3, p35, IL‐23 and IL‐18 as compared to 25‐OHC (P < .01). Our finding suggests that both rivaroxaban and dabigatran inhibit the inflammatory activation caused by oxysterol in vitro.
Who can become a full member of the club?—Results from a conjoint survey experiment on public attitudes about the naturalisation of non‐EU migrants in Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden and Denmark
Authors: Hedegaard Troels Fage , Larsen Christian Albrekt
Published: May 2022

In this article, we study attitudes towards the naturalisation of non‐European (EU) migrants in Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden and Denmark. This is done using a conjoint experiment. Respondents are presented with profiles of non‐EU‐migrants, whose attributes are varied over labour market status, education, language skills, time lived in the destination country, family relations, religious background and gender. We find a preference for granting citizenship to non‐EU migrants with education and labour market experience, thus supporting theories of economic reasoning. We also find a preference for granting citizenship to non‐EU migrants with non‐Muslim backgrounds, family attachment to natives and language skills, thus supporting theories of preferences for cultural similarity. We find these patterns to be stable across the four countries despite differences in citizenship rules and discourses. The patterns are even stable when comparing the respondents' age, gender, education, migrant status, voting patterns and general views about migration. The natives' selection of new citizens is explained by a novel theoretical argument of citizenship being a club‐good.
The Landscape of State Policies Supporting Family Caregivers as Aligned With the National Academy of Medicine Recommendations
Authors: MILLER KATHERINE E. M. , STEARNS SALLY C. , VAN HOUTVEN COURTNEY H. , GILLESKIE DONNA , HOLMES GEORGE M. , KENT ERIN E.
Published: May 2022

Policy Points

In the absence of federal policy, states adopted policies to support family caregivers, but availability and level of support varies.

We describe, compare, and rank state policies to support family caregivers as aligned with National Academy of Medicine recommendations.

Although the landscape of state policies supporting caregivers has improved over time, few states provide financial supports as recommended, and benefit restrictions hinder accessibility for all types of family caregivers.

Implementing policies supporting family caregivers will become more critical over time, as the reliance on family caregivers as essential providers of long‐term care is only expected to grow as the population ages.

Context

In the United States in 2020, approximately 26 million individuals provided unpaid care to a family member or friend. On average, 60% of caregivers were employed, and they provided 20.4 hours of care per week on top of employment. Although a handful of patchwork laws exist to aid family caregivers, systematic supports, including comprehensive training, respite, and financial support, remain limited. In the absence of federal supports, states have adopted policies to provide assistance, but they vary in availability and level of support provided. Our objectives were to describe, compare, and rank state policies to support family caregivers over time.

Methods

We used publicly available data from the AARP Long‐Term Services and Supports State Scorecard, the National Academy for State Health Policy, and Tax Credits for Workers and Families for all 50 states and the District of Columbia (2015‐2019).

Findings

We found that states had increased supports to family caregivers over this five‐year period, although significant variability in adoption and implementation of policies persists. Approximately 20% of states had enacted policies that exceed the federal Family and Medical Leave Act requirements, and 18% offered paid family leave. However, most states had not improved spousal impoverishment protections for Medicaid beneficiaries. For example, from 2016 to 2019, 24% of states provided fewer or no protections, while 71% of states did not improve spousal impoverishment protections over time. Access to training for caregivers varied based on eligibility criteria (e.g., select populations and/or only co‐residing caregivers).

Conclusions

Overall, state approaches to support family caregivers vary by eligibility and scope of services. Substantial gaps in support of caregivers, particularly economic supports, persist. Although the landscape of state policies supporting caregivers has improved over time, few states provide financial supports as recommended by the National Academy of Medicine, and benefit restrictions hinder accessibility for all family caregivers.
Using Regulatory Stances to See All the Commercial Determinants of Health
Authors: LIBER ALEX C.
Published: May 2022

Policy Points

The commercial determinants of health (CDoH) concept, which currently focuses on markets that harm health, should be expanded to refer to the interface between commerce and health, which can sometimes have positive public health consequences.

The regulatory stances framework helps us classify public health preferences for regulating specific markets related to CDoH, based on the intended effects of regulations on market size. The regulatory stances a jurisdiction can adopt can be classified as ranging from prohibitionist through contractionist, permissive, and expansionist, to universalist.

The regulatory stances framework increases the usefulness of the CDoH concept by expanding the conversation beyond negative determinants of health and providing a fuller view of the tools at the disposal of society to alter markets and improve health.

Context

The effects of commerce on the public health are omnipresent. The commercial determinants of health (CDoH) represent a burgeoning area of scholarly debate and activist policymaking to redress markets that adversely affect public health. The CDoH debate is a logical extension of the tobacco control movement, but, to its detriment, the CDoH conversation remains primarily focused policies and proposals that are analogous to historical tobacco control strategies.

Methods

This paper argues that for the CDoH to develop further and broaden its appeal, it should expand to cover markets with conditional and positive impacts on health. To explain and order this conversation, a comparative framework for regulatory policy is introduced: the regulatory stances. The regulatory stances classify a regulatory policy based on the intended effect of policy on the size of a market in the future relative to the present.

Findings

Some markets that interface between commerce and health do not inherently harm health. Regulatory policy toward these markets should be different in intent than regulatory policy for markets with negative health effects.

Conclusions

By using the regulatory stances framework to encompass markets that have positive or conditional effects on health as well as those that have adverse health effects, the CDoH conversation can shift away from the exclusive focus on strategies to shrink markets with adverse health impacts to consider a wider array of policy options.
L’identité du dormeur en question: De l’expérience du sensible à la représentation du cauchemar
Authors: Fesneau Florence
Published: May 2022

How does one depict a man or woman asleep while preserving their identity? If the official portraits displayed in the salons of the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture have no answer to this question, the representation of anonymous sleepers, both male and female, their senses tantalised by smell, sound and touch, echoes sensualist philosophy’s enquiry into how the feeling of existence is constructed. It goes alongside a renewed conception of what an individual asleep is: s/he is no longer merely a body at rest but has become an identity which is being formed, unformed and transformed by the dreams that also find their way into the painting.