bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Models for Estimating Reference Evapotranspiration in Different Periods in Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
Authors: Castro P. A. L. de , Santos G. O. , Diniz R. G.
Published: November 2019

The water management in irrigated agriculture begins determining the need of water for the culture. Therefore, it was intended to evaluate the performance of the models of estimation reference of evapotranspiration (ETo) with regard to the method Penman-Monteith (PM), standard method, for Brazilian Cerrado Region (tropical grassland/savannah). The climate elements were obtained from the conventional weather station of Rio Verde from January/1972 to December/2016. It was compared the performance of the daily average ETo, during the dry, rainy and annual periods, by the PM method with regard to another 26 methods. Through the coefficient of determination, it was verified the methods of Turc (T) and Radiation-Temperature (RT) approached more to the PM, at any time of the year, being able to replace the standard method. The ETo average in the annual period was 3.8 mm day-1, for the dry period due to the smallest amount of solar radiation, the period submitted lower levels of ETo. The other models in which were used fewer amounts of climate data, they overestimated or underestimated the PM model by up to 57.9% and 60.7% respectively. With the management of water in agriculture, water availability can be increased in the hydric bodies, characterizing it as a tool for water management with the rational use of water resources.
Control of Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner: 1818) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) and Chrysodeixis includens (Walker: 1858) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Through Insecticides Applied to Soybean Seeds
Authors: Vieira E. C. S. , Ávila C. J. , Vivan L. M. , Silva I. F. , Vieira M. C. S. , Silva P. G.
Published: November 2019

Brazil is the second largest producer of soybeans in the world, with the state of Mato Grosso having the highest production in the country. The soybean crop faces major phytosanitary difficulties throughout its cultivation, as is the case of pest incidence, especially the defoliating caterpillars that can cause intense defoliation of soybean and affect its productivity. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different insecticides when applied in soybean seed treatment, on leaf consumption and survival of Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) and Chrysodeixis includens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) caterpillars. For this purpose, two trials were installed in the field, one in the Juscimeira Municipality/MT and the other in the Municipality of Itiquira/MT. The soybean seeds were treated with the insecticides (in g a.i./ha): chlorantraniliprole (62.5), imidacloprid + thiodicarb (75.0 + 25.0), fipronil (50.0), thiamethoxam (70.0) and cyantraniliprole + thiamethoxam (60.0 + 70.0) and a control treatment (without insecticide). Soybean leaflets were collected at different times after plant emergence and were offered to A. gemmatalis and C. includens caterpillars in the laboratory to evaluate leaf consumption and mortality. Cyantraniliprole + thiamethoxam (60.0 + 70.0) and chlorantraniliprole (62.5) treatments were found to reduce leaf consumption of A. gemmatalis and C. includens caterpillars. The highest mortality values of A. gemmatalis and C. includens were observed in the treatment cyantraniliprole + thiamethoxam (60.0 + 70.0), followed by chlorantraniliprole (62.5) when compared to the control treatment. The results showed that the treatment of soybean seeds with insecticides can protect the crop against defoliation and provide control of defoliating caterpillars, these effects being more pronounced in sandy soils than in clay soils.
Razonamiento configural y desarrollo del discurso en la resolución de problemas empíricos en contexto geométrico
Authors: Saorín Villa Antonio , Torregrosa Gironés Germán , Quesada Vilella Humberto
Published: November 2019

El objetivo de este estudio es identificar relaciones entre los procesos cognitivos involucrados en la resolución de problemas geométricos empíricos, desde la perspectiva del razonamiento configural, y el modo como los estudiantes desarrollan sus discursos escritos para comunicar la solución. Analizamos las respuestas escritas de 33 estudiantes de primero de Bachillerato a dos problemas empíricos. Los resultados muestran la tendencia de los estudiantes a ignorar la configuración geométrica presentada una vez establecidas en registro algebraico las relaciones necesarias y suficientes que permiten resolver el problema. Además, se pone de manifiesto, en el desarrollo del discurso, la transición desde el modo de acumulación al modo de sustitución en los razonamientos que permiten establecer una solución válida, así como la influencia de la configuración inicial en el desenlace del razonamiento configural.
La teoría de inteligencias múltiples aplicada a la educación ambiental en escenarios inclusivos
Authors: Lopera Pérez Marisol , Díaz Posada Leidy Evelyn , Villagrá Sobrino Sara , Charro Huerga Elena , Molpeceres Sanz Cristóbal
Published: November 2019

Este estudio de caso reporta la experiencia de un maestro en formación inicial, quien articula la teoría de inteligencias múltiples con la educación ambiental, en el contexto de una macroinvestigación basada en diseño (Design based research), con mediación de un equipo colaborativo. Desde este marco metodológico, el maestro diseñó una estrategia didáctica sobre el agua y la ejecutó en un grupo de 25 alumnos de primero de primaria, algunos de ellos con diversidad funcional (déficit de atención –TDA–, dificultades de aprendizaje sin diagnóstico específico y ceguera total). Como resultados, en primer lugar, se describe el proceso de investigación en educación ambiental, desde la dinámica colaborativa; en segundo lugar, las implicaciones de la experiencia en la formación inicial del maestro.
Estrategias y errores de conversión entre representaciones de intervalos de la recta real
Authors: Pecharromán Gómez Cristina , Arce Sánchez Matías , Conejo Garrote Laura
Published: November 2019

En este artículo se presentan los resultados de un estudio empírico llevado a cabo a través de diferentes ciclos de investigación con alumnos de 4.º de la ESO y 1.º de Bachillerato, centrado en el concepto de intervalo de la recta real. Los objetivos son identificar las estrategias que utilizan los alumnos para realizar conversiones entre diferentes representaciones de intervalos no acotados e interpretar los posibles errores y dificultades derivados de aplicar estas estrategias. Se han detectado diferentes estrategias focalizadas en aspectos particulares, lo que ha corroborado que muchas dificultades están asociadas a la utilización de conversiones por congruencia. A partir de los resultados, se proponen varias orientaciones didácticas para facilitar el aprendizaje de este concepto a través de sus representaciones.
Caracterización del esquema de sucesión numérica en estudiantes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria
Authors: Bajo Benito José Mariano , Gavilán Izquierdo José María , Sánchez-Matamoros García Gloria
Published: November 2019

El objetivo de esta investigación es la caracterización de la compresión del concepto de sucesión numérica en los estudiantes de segundo ciclo de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (14-16 años), considerando como marco teórico APOS, a través del uso que hacen los estudiantes de los elementos matemáticos, las relaciones que se establecen entre ellos, los modos de representación y los modos de conocer que se ponen de manifiesto en la resolución de las tareas matemáticas que se les proponen. Nuestra metodología es cualitativa, usando datos provenientes de dos cuestionarios de distinta naturaleza. A partir del análisis conjunto de los dos cuestionarios contestados por cada estudiante, se caracterizan los distintos niveles de comprensión del esquema del concepto de sucesión como lista numérica.
Diagnostic Values of Bronchodilator Response versus 9-Question Questionnaire for Asthma
Authors: Yadollahzadeh Mahdi , Hashemian Seyed Mohammadreza , Kiani Arda , Ghorbani Fariba , Najafizadeh Katayoun , Razavi Fatemeh , Abedini Atefeh
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Several studies have investigated different tools for asthma diagnosis in order to reduce the cost and improve its early recognition. The goal of this study is to establish ashort questionnaire to be used in practice for asthma screening and compare diagnostic values between this method and spirometric response to bronchodilators. Material and method: 208 patients presenting with chronic stable dyspnea (> 6 months) and definite clinical diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis, pulmonary fibrosis or asthma, were enrolled. 9 questions out of 43 based on the literature search were selected by regression analysis. Patients were asked to complete the questionnaire and then their spirometric responses to bronchodilators were evaluated. Results: Of all, 53.8% of cases were diagnosed clinically to have asthma. For establishing diagnosis of asthma, the bronchodilator test had 48.2% sensitivity, 78.1% specificity, 72% positive, 56.4% negative predictive values, 2.2 positive, 0.66 negative likeli-hood ratios, and false positive, false negative and accuracy of 21.9%, 51.8% and 62.01%, respectively. The revised 9 questions from the questionnaire had 97.3% sensitivity, 77.1% specificity, 83.2% positive, 96.1% negative predictive values, 4.24 positive, 0.03 negative likelihood ratios, 22.9% false positive, 2.7% false negative and 87.98% accuracy. Conclusions: The 9-question questionnaire had better diagnostic values in defining asthma in patients with chronic dyspnea than reversibility of airway obstruction to salbutamol and can be used as auseful screening test for diagnosis of asthma in clinical practice and for investigational purposes.
An Expectorated Hydatid
Authors: Sahoo Satyajeet , Mitra Subhra
Published: November 2019

An 18-year-old housewife presented with a 6 cm × 4 cm specimen of greenish white material (Figure 1A) which she had expectorated after an episode of violent coughing [...]
Adolescents' perception of scientific Inquiry in nature: a drawing analysis
Authors: Nuora Piia , Välisaari Jouni , Kiviniemi Tiina
Published: November 2019

This study was carried out to determine adolescents’ perception of scientific inquiry (SI) in nature and the effect of a science camp on those perceptions. Eleven science campers (14 to 16 years old) participated in this research during a science camp. Pre- and post-test included open questions and drawing tasks. The campers’ drawings were analyzed to assess their out-of-school perceptions related to SI. The aim was to clarify what phases and factors the campers associated with SI in nature, and how their perceptions differ after participating at a science camp. The findings suggest that the phases of SI were well known before the camp, but minor developments in campers’ perceptions of the phases of SI did occur. In the drawing analysis, symbols from a range of areas were identified. The symbols most frequently referred to the natural environment. The drawings in the post-test were generally more detailed than those in the pre-test. In particular, symbols of technology and laboratory equipment appeared more frequently after the science camp.
Vaccination against human papilloma virus in the light of quaternary prevention
Authors: Pizzanelli Miguel , Jamoulle Marc
Published: November 2019

In spite of the demonstrated benefits, the question of HPV massive vaccination is still subject to intense discussions and controversies. The protection against cancer is still unproven and need more time to be accurate about the quantification of the decrease in cervical cancer. The analysis of HPV vaccine relevance is very complex due to several overlapped levels to be considered. The authors analyze many of the ethical, sociological, economic, political and finally scientific issues involved. The population trust in vaccines has been affected owing to dubious practices of many pharmaceutical companies. Faced with this manipulation of information on a worldwide scale, general practitioners have organized themselves to fight this uncertainty. Quaternary prevention, a concept supported by the World Organization of Family doctors, advocates the application of ethically acceptable procedures in health care. This opinion article addresses some of the multiple dimensions involved to encourage reflection on this issue.
Sobre la complejidad de los datos en Humanidades, o cómo traducir las ideas a datos
Authors: Allés Torrent Susanna
Published: November 2019

Este artículo explora el concepto de datos informáticos aplicados a las Humanidades a través de tres perspectivas diferentes: en primer lugar, se analiza el significado del término desde un punto de vista histórico y se sitúa en el contexto de las Humanidades Digitales prestando atención a su acepción más técnica. A continuación, se discute sobre la naturaleza, las tipologías y se abordan algunos debates de los últimos años, como es el de su aparente objetividad. Por último, y en conexión con la producción, gestión y análisis de los datos, se toma en consideración el fenómeno big data y los desafíos de su aplicación en el terreno de las Humanidades. Se pretende, en definitiva, poner de relieve el papel central de los datos en el quehacer humanístico y cómo, para el humanista actual, existen competencias digitales básicas ineludibles.
La literatura digital y los nuevos formatos de edición literaria
Authors: Goicoechea de Jorge María
Published: November 2019

En este trabajo se abordan los cambios que ha sufrido el concepto de edición desde la perspectiva de un nuevo género de expresión literaria: la literatura digital. Se detallan los géneros de literatura digital con mayor proyección repasando su historia y actualidad, y las nuevas fórmulas de edición digital que han surgido a raíz de los anteriores. Es una historia de la literatura digital y de aquellos aspectos o herramientas nuevos que estas nuevas producciones han motivado: nuevos códigos o formatos, nuevos programas informáticos de producción, nuevos aparatos o mecanismos de lectura, nuevos usuarios que son lectores-visualizadores-partícipes-etc., nuevos métodos de edición, nuevos espacios de preservación, etc.
Influence of Isotopologue Dipole Moments on Precision Dielectric-Constant
Measurements
Authors: Harvey Allan H.
Published: November 2019

Measurements of the relative permittivity (static dielectric constant) of fluids
such as methane have been interpreted with the assumption of zero dipole moment.
This assumption is not strictly true, due to the presence of isotopologues with
small, nonzero dipole moments. We investigate the significance of this effect by
analyzing the effect of the dipole of CH3D on the static dielectric constant of
methane. It is found that the isotopologue effect is more than two orders of
magnitude smaller than the uncertainty of the best existing measurements. Similar
estimates for other compounds such as H2 and CO2 produce even smaller effects.
Therefore, the interpretation of these measurements with a dipole moment of zero
remains valid.
Chromosome territory formation attenuates the translocation potential of cells
Authors: Rosin Leah F , Crocker Olivia , Isenhart Randi L , Nguyen Son C , Xu Zhuxuan , Joyce Eric F
Published: November 2019

The formation and spatial arrangement of chromosome territories (CTs) in interphase has been posited to influence the outcome and frequency of genomic translocations. This is supported by correlations between the frequency of inter-chromosomal contacts and translocation events in myriad systems. However, it remains unclear if CT formation itself influences the translocation potential of cells. We address this question in Drosophila cells by modulating the level of Condensin II, which regulates CT organization. Using whole-chromosome Oligopaints to identify genomic rearrangements, we find that increased contact frequencies between chromosomes due to Condensin II knockdown leads to an increased propensity to form translocations following DNA damage. Moreover, Condensin II over-expression is sufficient to drive spatial separation of CTs and attenuate the translocation potential of cells. Together, these results provide the first causal evidence that proper CT formation can protect the genome from potentially deleterious translocations in the presence of DNA damage.
Designing spaces to support collaborative creativity in shared virtual environments
Authors: Men Liang , Bryan-Kinns Nick , Bryce Louise
Published: November 2019

Shared virtual environments (SVEs) have been researched extensively within the fields of education, entertainment, work, and training, yet there has been limited research on the creative and collaborative aspects of interactivity in SVEs. The important role that creativity and collaboration play in human society raises the question of the way that virtual working spaces might be designed to support collaborative creativity in SVEs. In this paper, we outline an SVE named LeMo, which allows two people to collaboratively create a short loop of music together. Then we present a study of LeMo, in which 52 users composed music in pairs using four different virtual working space configurations. Key findings indicated by results include: (i) Providing personal space is an effective way to support collaborative creativity in SVEs, (ii) personal spaces with a fluid light-weight boundary could provide enough support, worked better and was preferable to ones with rigid boundaries and (iii) a configuration that provides a movable personal space was preferred to one that provided no mobility. Following these findings, five corresponding design implications for shared virtual environments focusing on supporting collaborative creativity are given and conclusions are made.
MHC class I allele diversity in cynomolgus macaques of Vietnamese origin
Authors: Huang Shuting , Huang Xia , Li Shuang , Zhu Mingjun , Zhuo Min
Published: November 2019

Cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis,Mafa) have been used as important experimental animal models for carrying out biomedical researches. The results of biomedical experiments strongly depend on the immunogenetic background of animals, especially on the diversity of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) alleles. However, there is much less information available on the polymorphism of MHC class I genes in cynomolgus macaques, than is currently available for humans. In this study, we have identified 40Mafa-Aand 60Mafa-Bexons 2 and 3 sequences from 30 unrelated cynomolgus macaques of Vietnamese origin. Among these alleles, 28 are novel. As for the remaining 72 known alleles, 15 alleles are shared with other cynomolgus macaque populations and 32 are identical to alleles previously reported in other macaque species. A potential recombination event was observed betweenMafa-A1*091:02andMafa-A1*057:01. In addition, theMafa-A1genes were found to be more diverse than humanHLA-Aand the functional residues for peptide binding sites (PBS) or TCR binding sites (TBS) inMafa-A1have greater variability than that for non-PBS or non-TBS regions. Overall, this study provides important information on the diversity ofMafa-AandMafa-Balleles from Vietnamese origin, which may help researchers to choose the most appropriate animals for their studies.
Correction of estimation bias of predictive equations of energy expenditure based on wrist/waist-mounted accelerometers
Authors: Ho Chin-Shan , Chang Chun-Hao , Lin Kuo-Chuan , Huang Chi-Chang , Hsu Yi-Ju
Published: November 2019

Background

Using wearable inertial sensors to accurately estimate energy expenditure (EE) during an athletic training process is important. Due to the characteristics of inertial sensors, however, the positions in which they are worn can produce signals of different natures. To understand and solve this issue, this study used the heart rate reserve (HRR) as a compensation factor to modify the traditional empirical equation of the accelerometer EE sensor and examine the possibility of improving the estimation of energy expenditure for sensors worn in different positions.

Methods

Indirect calorimetry was used as the criterion measure (CM) to measure the EE of 90 healthy adults on a treadmill (five speeds: 4.8, 6.4, 8.0, 9.7, and 11.3 km/h). The measurement was simultaneously performed with the ActiGraph GT9X-Link (placed on the wrist and waist) with the Polar H10 Heart Rate Monitor.

Results

At the same exercise intensity, the EE measurements of the GT9X on the wrist and waist had significant differences from those of the CM (p < 0.05). By using multiple regression analysis—utilizing values from vector magnitudes (VM), body weight (BW) and HRR parameters—accuracy of EE estimation was greatly improved compared to traditional equation. Modified models explained a greater proportion of variance (R2) (wrist: 0.802; waist: 0.805) and demonstrated a good ICC (wrist: 0.863, waist: 0.889) compared to Freedson’s VM3 Combination equation (R2: wrist: 0.384, waist: 0.783; ICC: wrist: 0.073, waist: 0.868).

Conclusions

The EE estimation equation combining the VM of accelerometer measurements, BW and HRR greatly enhanced the accuracy of EE estimation based on data from accelerometers worn in different positions, particularly from those on the wrist.
Obedience Pressure and Tax Sanction: An Experimental Study on Tax Compliance
Authors: Prananjaya Kadek Pranetha , Narsa Niluh Putu Dian Rosalina Handayani
Published: November 2019

This research aims to test the influence of tax sanction and obedience pressure on tax compliance. By applying a 2x2 between-subject factorial experiment method, this research has found the empirical evidence that taxpayers tend to be more tax-compliant when the tax sanction is high rather than low. Next, when taxpayers tend to be more non-compliant when they receive obedience pressure from their superior rather than not. Lastly, from the interaction test between tax sanction and obedience pressure variables, the researcher found empirical evidence that shows that, when given high tax sanctions, a taxpayer will have higher tax compliance rate when they do not receive obedience pressure compared with when they receive obedience pressure. This research has a practical implication that obedience pressure from a superior is a key that could potentially reduce tax compliance rate because, although there are low or high sanctions, if there are any obedience pressure, then the tax compliance rate will be low.
The Impact of Audit Committee’s Financial Expertise and Status on Accrual Earnings Management
Authors: Dewi Rindi Fitria , Mita Aria Farah
Published: November 2019

This research aims to study the impact of the audit committee’s financial expertise and status on accrual earnings management. This study focuses on the status of audit committee relatives to the board of director. Status is measured by their current or previous employment in the BEI listed companies, the intra-industry of BEI listed companies, the financial companies of BEI listed or in the financial institutions; in the government; and a degree from elite educational institutions. A sample of non-financial companies is used with a period observation of 2015-2016 and a total observation of 580 firm-years. The result of this research indicates that the audit committee financial expertise has a significant effect on accrual earnings management. The audit committee status has no significant effect on accrual earnings management.
Herding Behavior and Decision-Making within the Middle – Class Residential Property Investments
Authors: Susanto Sofian Arif , Anastasia Njo
Published: November 2019

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the causality of the behavioral bias ‘herding’ that was traced down to both social and normative influences. An experimental method was developed to test 125 participants studying finance. The experiment provides a total of 6 houses in which the participants were instructed to appraise to a value that meets their willingness to purchase. The subjects were treated with social and normative influences and their valuation shifts were observed. In total, three valuations were recorded, labeled ‘initial’, ‘social’, and ‘normative’ valuations respectively. Our findings showed that the undergraduates were susceptible to both social and normative influences. However, further analysis showed that some external factors had a role in causing the herding behavior.
CAN RELATIONSHIP BENEFITS MAKE CUSTOMERS COMMITTED AND LOYAL?
Authors: Andreani Fransisca , Jap Laurencia , Hosea Ivana Karina
Published: November 2019

Tough competition has pushed four-star hotels in Surabaya to manage their competitive strategies. One of them is by providing relational benefits to maintain customer commitment and loyalty. This study is to reveal the impact of relationship benefits on customer loyalty with customer commitment as a mediating variable in four-star hotels in Surabaya. Partial Least Square (PLS) is used to analyze data. It is found that relationship benefits (confidence, social and special treatment benefits) have influenced customer loyalty with commitment as the mediating variable. The results show that relationship benefits have positive and significant impacts to customer commitment; and customer commitment also has positive and significant impact to customer loyalty.
Phenotypes and malignancy risk of different FUS mutations in genetic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Naumann Marcel , Peikert Kevin , Günther Rene , van der Kooi Anneke J. , Aronica Eleonora , Hübers Annemarie , Danel Veronique , Corcia Philippe , Pan‐Montojo Francisco , Cirak Sebahattin , Haliloglu Göknur , Ludolph Albert C. , Goswami Anand , Andersen Peter M. , Prudlo Johannes , Wegner Florian , Van Damme Philip , Weishaupt Jochen H. , Hermann Andreas
Published: November 2019

Objective

Mutations in Fused in Sarcoma (FUS or TLS) are the fourth most prevalent in Western European familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) populations and have been associated with causing both early and very late disease onset. FUS aggregation, DNA repair deficiency, and genomic instability are contributors to the pathophysiology of FUS‐ALS, but their clinical significance per se and their influence on the clinical variability have yet to be sufficiently investigated. The aim of this study was to analyze genotype–phenotype correlations and malignancy rates in a newly compiled FUS‐ALS cohort.

Methods

We cross‐sectionally reviewed FUS‐ALS patient histories in a multicenter cohort with 36 novel cases and did a meta‐analysis of published FUS‐ALS cases reporting the largest genotype–phenotype correlation of FUS‐ALS.

Results

The age of onset (median 39 years, range 11–80) was positively correlated with the disease duration. C‐terminal domain mutations were found in 90%. Among all, P525L and truncating/ frameshift mutations most frequently caused juvenile onset, rapid disease progression, and atypical ALS often associated with negative family history while the R521 mutation site was associated with late disease onset and pure spinal phenotype. Malignancies were found in one of 40 patients.

Interpretation

We report the largest genotype–phenotype correlation of FUS‐ALS, which enables a careful prediction of the clinical course in newly diagnosed patients. In this cohort, FUS‐ALS patients did not have an increased risk for malignant diseases.
Well Plate Integrated Topography Gradient Screening Technology for Studying Cell‐Surface Topography Interactions
Authors: van der Boon Torben A. B. , Yang Liangliang , Li Linfeng , Córdova Galván Daniel E. , Zhou Qihui , de Boer Jan , van Rijn Patrick
Published: November 2019

New high‐throughput technologies for cell–material interaction studies provide researchers with powerful tools to speed up research in the field of biomaterial–cell interactions. However, sharing technologies is often difficult due to the necessity of specific knowledge and experiences. Engineered surfaces can elucidate effects of surface topography on cell behavior, which is of critical value for gaining control over cellular processes. Here, the translation of a gradient‐based high‐throughput cell screening approach for aligned nano/micro topographies interacting with cells is presented. An aligned topography 96‐well plate is created by upscaling of highly specific gradient technology. The resulting cell culture dishes are compatible with general laboratory and imaging equipment, and the platform allows for studying cell behavior with regard to adhesion and alignment. The challenge lies in increasing the dimensions of the previous 1 × 1 cm gradient topography substrate, to be able to cover the span of a 96‐well plate and translate it into a standardized cell‐screening tool. Adhesion experiments of human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells confirm the standardization, compatibility, and usability of the technology. In the process of using multi‐system imaging and analysis, it becomes apparent that future challenges need to include universally applied data analysis approaches.
Designing 3D Biomorphic Nitrogen‐Doped MoSe2/Graphene Composites toward High‐Performance Potassium‐Ion Capacitors
Authors: Yi Yuyang , Sun Zhongti , Li Chao , Tian Zhengnan , Lu Chen , Shao Yuanlong , Li Jie , Sun Jingyu , Liu Zhongfan
Published: November 2019

Potassium‐ion hybrid capacitors (KICs) reconciling the advantages of batteries and supercapacitors have stimulated growing attention for practical energy storage because of the high abundance and low cost of potassium sources. Nevertheless, daunting challenge remains for developing high‐performance potassium accommodation materials due to the large radius of potassium ions. Molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) has recently been recognized as a promising anode material for potassium‐ion batteries, achieving high capacity and favorable cycling stability. However, KICs based on MoSe2 are scarcely demonstrated by far. Herein, a diatomite‐templated synthetic strategy is devised to fabricate nitrogen‐doped MoSe2/graphene (N‐MoSe2/G) composites with favorable pseudocapacitive potassium storage targeting a superior anode material for KICs. Benefiting from the unique biomorphic structure, high electron/K‐ion conductivity, enriched active sites, and the conspicuous pseudocapacitive effect of N‐MoSe2/G, thus‐derived KIC full‐cell manifests high energy/power densities (maximum 119 Wh kg−1/7212 W kg−1), outperforming those of recently reported KIC counterparts. Furthermore, the potassium storage mechanism of N‐MoSe2/G composite is systematically explored with the aid of first‐principles calculations in combination of in situ X‐ray diffraction and ex situ Raman spectroscopy/transmission electron microscopy/X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
Bioprocess‐Inspired Microscale Additive Manufacturing of Multilayered TiO2/Polymer Composites with Enamel‐Like Structures and High Mechanical Properties
Authors: Wei Jingjiang , Ping Hang , Xie Jingjing , Zou Zhaoyong , Wang Kun , Xie Hao , Wang Weimin , Lei Liwen , Fu Zhengyi
Published: November 2019

Natural structure‐forming processes found in biological systems are fantastic and perform at ambient temperatures, in contrast with anthropogenic technologies that commonly require harsh conditions. A new research direction “bioprocess‐inspired fabrication” is proposed to develop novel fabrication techniques for advanced materials. Enamel, an organic–inorganic composite biomaterial with outstanding mechanical performance and durability, is formed by repeating the basic blocks consisting of columnar hydroxyapatite or fluorapatite and an organic matrix. Inspired by the enamel formation process, a microscale additive manufacturing method is proposed for achieving a multilayered organic–inorganic columnar structure. In this approach, rutile titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanorods, polymers, and graphene oxide (GO) are sequentially assembled in a layer‐by‐layer fashion to form an organic–inorganic structure. In particular, GO serves as a substrate for TiO2nanorods and interacts with polymers, jointly leading to the strength of the composites. Impressively, this enamel‐like structure material has hardness (1.56 ± 0.05 GPa) and ultrahigh Young's modulus (81.0 ± 2.7 GPa) comparable to natural enamel, and viscoelastic property (0.76 ± 0.12 GPa) superior to most solid materials. Consequently, this biomimetic synthetic approach provides an in‐depth understanding for the formation process of biomaterials and also enables the exploration of a new avenue for the preparation of organic–inorganic composite materials.
Ultrathin 2D‐Layered Cyclodextrin Membranes for High‐ Performance Organic Solvent Nanofiltration
Authors: Huang Tiefan , Puspasari Tiara , Nunes Suzana P. , Peinemann Klaus‐Viktor
Published: November 2019

Synthetic membranes with a high selectivity for demanding molecular separations and high permeance have a large potential for the reduction of energy consumption in separation processes. Herein, for the first time, the fabrication of an ultrathin layered macrocycle membrane for molecular separation in organic solvent nanofiltration using per‐6‐amino‐β‐cyclodextrin as a monomer for membrane manufacturing by interfacial polymerization is reported. Compared to a regular nonfunctionalized cyclodextrin, a higher reactivity is observed, enabling a very fast membrane formation under mild conditions. The formed membrane is composed of a layered structure of polymerized cyclodextrin, which shows high stability in different organic solvents. The membrane exhibits excellent separation performance for organic solvent nanofiltration, both with nonpolar and polar solvents. Most importantly, this new membrane type can discriminate between molecules with nearly identical molecular weights but different shapes. The unmatched high permeance and shape selectivity of the membranes can be attributed to the ultralow thickness, controlled microporosity, as well as the layered macrocycle structure, which makes the membranes promising for high‐performance molecular separation in the chemical and biochemistry industry.
27%‐Efficiency Four‐Terminal Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells by Sandwiched Gold Nanomesh
Authors: Wang Ziyu , Zhu Xuejie , Zuo Shengnan , Chen Ming , Zhang Cong , Wang Chenyu , Ren Xiaodong , Yang Zhou , Liu Zhike , Xu Xixiang , Chang Qing , Yang Shaofei , Meng Fanying , Liu Zhengxin , Yuan Ningyi , Ding Jianning , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) , Yang Dong
Published: November 2019

Multijunction/tandem solar cells have naturally attracted great attention because they are not subject to the Shockley–Queisser limit. Perovskite solar cells are ideal candidates for the top cell in multijunction/tandem devices due to the high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and relatively low voltage loss. Herein, sandwiched gold nanomesh between MoO3 layers is designed as a transparent electrode. The large surface tension of MoO3 effectively improves wettability for gold, resulting in Frank–van der Merwe growth to produce an ultrathin gold nanomesh layer, which guarantees not only excellent conductivity but also great optical transparency, which is particularly important for a multijunction/tandem solar cell. The top MoO3 layer reduces the reflection at the gold layer to further increase light transmission. As a result, the semitransparent perovskite cell shows an 18.3% efficiency, the highest reported for this type of device. When the semitransparent perovskite device is mechanically stacked with a heterojunction silicon solar cell of 23.3% PCE, it yields a combined efficiency of 27.0%, higher than those of both the sub‐cells. This breakthrough in elevating the efficiency of semitransparent and multijunction/tandem devices can help to break the Shockley–Queisser limit.
Nonlinear Beam Shaping in Domain Engineered Ferroelectric Crystals
Authors: Hu Xiaopeng , Zhang Yong , Zhu Shining
Published: November 2019

Domain engineered ferroelectric crystals are a type of microstructure functional material that is used widely in the area of nonlinear optics. Herein, research processes in the area of nonlinear beam shaping using domain engineered crystals in the past decade are reviewed. The newly developed design methods, such as the nonlinear Huygens–Fresnel principle, nonlinear volume holography, and caustic design, which have analogs in linear optics, are introduced. Using the proposed methods for nonlinear beam shaping, multiple function integration, generation of Airy beams, and arbitrary curved trajectories are realized. As an extra degree of freedom, orbital angular momentum of light beams is generated and manipulated through domain engineering. Discussions and future directions in this field are presented.
Remotely Light‐Powered Soft Fluidic Actuators Based on Plasmonic‐Driven Phase Transitions in Elastic Constraint
Authors: Meder Fabian , Naselli Giovanna Adele , Sadeghi Ali , Mazzolai Barbara
Published: November 2019

Materials capable of actuation through remote stimuli are crucial for untethering soft robotic systems from hardware for powering and control. Fluidic actuation is one of the most applied and versatile actuation strategies in soft robotics. Here, the first macroscale soft fluidic actuator is derived that operates remotely powered and controlled by light through a plasmonically induced phase transition in an elastomeric constraint. A multiphase assembly of a liquid layer of concentrated gold nanoparticles in a silicone or styrene–ethylene–butylene–styrene elastic pocket forms the actuator. Upon laser excitation, the nanoparticles convert light of specific wavelength into heat and initiate a liquid‐to‐gas phase transition. The related pressure increase inflates the elastomers in response to laser wavelength, intensity, direction, and on–off pulses. During laser‐off periods, heating halts and condensation of the gas phase renders the actuation reversible. The versatile multiphase materials actuate—like soft “steam engines”—a variety of soft robotic structures (soft valve, pnue‐net structure, crawling robot, pump) and are capable of operating in different environments (air, water, biological tissue) in a single configuration. Tailored toward the near‐infrared window of biological tissue, the structures actuate also through animal tissue for potential medical soft robotic applications.
A Silver‐Catalyzed Modular Intermolecular Access to 6,6‐Spiroketals
Authors: Ahrens Alexander , Heinrich Niklas F. , Kohl Simon R. , Hokamp Martha , Rudolph Matthias , Rominger Frank , Hashmi A. Stephen K.
Published: November 2019

A modular synthesis of 6,6‐spiroketals via silver catalysis is reported. By combining an intermolecular Michael addition and a 6‐endo‐dig cyclization, this cascade reaction allows the modular preparation of highly substituted 6,6‐spiroketals by combining two substrate molecules. Established methods accessing this interesting substructure are complemented by this new transformation. The protocol tolerates diverse substitution patterns and functional groups.

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Engaging Emergency Medicine Influencers in Sex‐ and Gender‐based Medicine: Lessons Learned from the Sex and Gender Interest Group in Emergency Medicine and the SAEM Jeopardy Game
Authors: Wolfe Jeannette , Safdar Basmah , Sethuraman Kinjal N. , Greenberg Marna R. , Madsen Tracy E. , Jarman Angela F. , McGregor Alyson J.
Published: November 2019

The Sex and Gender in Emergency Medicine (SGEM) interest group of the Society of Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) was established to increase research and to disseminate knowledge about the influence of sex and/or gender in acute care medicine and on patient outcomes. To help facilitate these goals, over the past 4 years, SGEM has created, delivered, and honed a Jeopardy‐like scientific quiz game for the annual SAEM national meeting. Here we describe the SAEM Jeopardy Game’s development, implementation, evolution, and outcomes as well as our targeted approach to access and engage emergency medicine stakeholders in its participation.
The early achievement of measurable residual disease negativity in the treatment of adults with Philadelphia‐negative B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a strong predictor for survival
Authors: Yilmaz Musa , Kantarjian Hagop , Wang Xuemei , Khoury Joseph D. , Ravandi Farhad , Jorgensen Jeffrey , Short Nicholas J. , Loghavi Sanam , Cortes Jorge , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo , Kadia Tapan , Sasaki Koji , Konopleva Marina , Takahashi Koichi , Wierda William , Jain Nitin , Verstovsek Srdan , Estrov Zeev , Bose Prithviraj , Pierce Sherry , Garris Rebecca , O'Brien Susan , Jabbour Elias
Published: November 2019

The minimal or measurable residual disease (MRD) status following induction/consolidation chemotherapy is an important prognostic endpoint in adult patients with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, the optimal time‐point (TP) of MRD assessment and its impact on outcome remains unclear. We analyzed 215 patients with newly diagnosed Philadelphia negative B‐cell ALL who received intensive chemotherapy, and had available MRD assessment by multicolor flow cytometry at two separate TPs. The median time to first TP (1TP) and second TP (2TP) were 24 and 110 days, respectively. At 1TP, 148 patients (68%) were MRD negative and 67 (32%) were positive. Of the 148 patients with negative MRD at 1TP, 147 (99%) maintained it through 2TP. Patients who were MRD negative at both TPs, early MRD responders, had the 3‐year event‐free survival (EFS), and overall survival (OS) rates of 65% and 76%, respectively. Patients with improved MRD status from positive to negative, late MRD responders, had lower 3‐year EFS and OS rates, 42% and 58%, respectively (P= .001). Multivariate analysis showed thatKMT2A(MLL) rearrangement and MRD positivity at 1TP were the only factors correlated with worse OS. In conclusion, the earlier achievement of MRD negative remission is a stronger prognostic factor for survival.
Hybrid Dispersion Dirac Semimetal and Hybrid Weyl Phases in Luttinger Semimetals: A Dynamical Approach
Authors: Ghorashi Sayed Ali Akbar
Published: November 2019

It is shown that hybrid Dirac and Weyl semimetals can be realized in a 3D Luttinger semimetal with quadratic band touching (QBT). This is illustrated using a periodic kicking scheme. In particular, the focus is on a momentum‐dependent driving (nonuniform driving) and the realization of various hybrid Dirac and Weyl semimetals is demonstrated. A unique hybrid dispersion Dirac semimetal with two nodes is identified, where one of the nodes is linear while the other is dispersed quadratically. Next, it is shown that by tilting QBT via periodic driving and in the presence of an external magnetic field, one can realize various single/double hybrid Weyl semimetals depending on the strength of external field. Finally, it is noted that in principle, phases that are found in this work can also be realized by employing the appropriate electronic interactions.
Pathways of Methane Transformation over Copper‐Exchanged Mordenite as Revealed by In Situ NMR and IR Spectroscopy
Authors: Sushkevich Vitaly L. , Verel René , van Bokhoven Jeroen A.
Published: November 2019

The reaction of methane with copper‐exchanged mordenite with two different Si/Al ratios was studied by means of in situ NMR and infrared spectroscopies. The detection of NMR signals was shown to be possible with high sensitivity and resolution, despite the presence of a considerable number of paramagnetic CuII species. Several types of surface‐bonded compounds were found after reaction, namely molecular methanol, methoxy species, dimethyl ether, mono‐ and bidentate formates, CuI monocarbonyl as well as carbon monoxide and dioxide, which were present in the gas phase. The relative fractions of these species are strongly influenced by the reaction temperature and the structure of the copper sites and is governed by the Si/Al ratio. While methoxy species bonded to Brønsted acid sites, dimethyl ether and bidentate formate species are the main products over copper‐exchange mordenite with a Si/Al ratio of 6; molecular methanol and monodentate formate species were observed mainly over the material with a Si/Al ratio of 46. These observations are important for understanding the methane partial oxidation mechanism and for the rational design of the active materials for this reaction.
To Sandwich Technetium: Highly Functionalized Bis‐Arene Complexes [99mTc(η6‐arene)2]+ Directly from Water and [99mTcO4]−
Authors: Nadeem Qaisar , Meola Giuseppe , Braband Henrik , Bolliger Robin , Blacque Olivier , Hernández‐Valdés Daniel , Alberto Roger
Published: November 2019

The labeling of (bio)molecules with metallic radionuclides such as 99mTc demands conjugated, multidentate chelators. However, this is not always necessary since phenyl rings can directly serve as integrated, organometallic ligands. Bis‐arene sandwich complexes are generally prepared by the Fischer–Hafner reaction. In extension of this, we show that [99mTc(η6‐C6R6)2]+‐type complexes are directly accessible from water and [99mTcO4]−, even using arenes incompatible with Fischer–Hafner conditions. To unambiguously confirm the nature of these unprecedented 99mTc complexes, their rhenium homologous have been prepared by substituting naphthalene ligands in [Re(η6‐C10H8)2]+ with the corresponding phenyl groups. The ease with which highly stable [99mTc(η6‐C6R6)2]+ complexes are formed under standard labeling conditions enables a multitude of new potential imaging agents based on commercial pharmaceuticals or lead structures.
Numerical investigation of multiphase flow in supersonic separator considering inner body effect
Authors: Niknam Pouriya H. , Fiaschi Daniele , Mortaheb Hamid Reza , Mokhtarani Babak
Published: November 2019

This paper presents research on the supersonic nozzle geometry with particular emphasis on the effect of the internal body of the nozzle that largely affects the separation efficiency. A numerical investigation of the supersonic nozzle with an internal solid body, which forms an annular flow inside the convergent–divergent nozzle is carried out. The present study revealed different hydrodynamic behaviors of the nozzle, exploring different shapes of the inner body, and the computational fluid dynamic simulations of the supersonic nozzle is utilized to find out the best geometrical design. Utilizing a coupled pressure–velocity scheme with high order of discretization of the governing equation yielded to find the shockwave positions in different conditions. The turbulent behavior of the fluid in the shockwave zone is well discussed and the phase‐change phenomena for the natural gas application are studied considering both water condensation and hydrocarbon condensation simultaneously. Different nozzle configuration elucidates the physical mechanisms of the supersonic flow inside the nozzle. Shockwave position, swirling velocity stability, and mass flow capacity are investigated. The lower the inner body radius, the less the change of shockwave position in the gas is found. Also, the higher stability of swirling velocity magnitude is found for the convergent–divergent inner body, which brings enhanced physical phase separation.
Surface treatment of eucalyptus wood for improved HDPE composites properties
Authors: Gama Nuno , Barros‐Timmons Ana , Ferreira Artur , Evtuguin Dmitry
Published: November 2019

In this study, the effect of Eucalyptus globulus wood (UE) used as a filler (5–20% w/w) on the physical and thermal properties of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) composites was evaluated. To improve the compatibility with HDPE, the wood was modified (TE) using crude glycerol derived from biodiesel production. The addition of 20% (w/w) of UE or TE led to more rigid and durable composite materials compared to neat HDPE (about 50 or 100% increase in tensile strength, respectively). Composites also revealed 55–75°C higher temperatures at maximal degradation rates. The advantageous behavior of TE over UE in composites was attributed to the improvement of surface morphology of modified wood and it is better compatibility with the HDPE as revealed by surface energy analysis. The changes in wetting behavior of HDPE and ensuing HDPE‐TE composites (contact angles of ca 72 and 80°, respectively) explain the matrix‐filler interactions. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48619.