bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance test and economic analyses of Semi Mechanic Corn Sheller
Authors: Hidayat T , Yahumri  , Miswarti  , Iswadi H , Rahman T , Yuliasari S , Mikasari W
Published: April 2021

Corn seed shelling process could be done manually or mechanically using motor generated machine. Limited number of available shelling machines become limiting factor for farmer to produce seed with appropriate physical quality. Manual sheller would require enormous time and labour while mechanized sheller would require higher production cost. Simple corn shelling tools could help small scale farmer. Its material was easy to get that consist of pipes connector and screws, with production cost only Rp. 20.000/unit that could be manufactured by famer themselves. This study aims to test tools performance and to study labour efficiency from simple corn sheller tools. This study design with two treatments that with and without using corn sheller tools. The study was carried out by 10 farmers with 3 times replication for each treatment. Each study was carried out using 10 kg dry weight corn. Collected data were shelling time and yields. Data analyses were done using descriptive methods and ANOVA. Technical economic analyses were done to evaluate simple corn sheller suitability. This study showed that simple corn sheller tools from 2” pipe were more efficient 59 minutes 4 second compared to manual shelling from time perspective and reduce labour cost by 38%. Average tools capacity were 12.50 kg/hours and manual labour were 5.63 kg/hours. Tools effectivity from yields; simple corn Sheller was 75.7% while manual labour was 82.8%. Based in economy analysis, tools price was Rp. 20.000 with cost Rp. 800,6/kg and Break-Even Point were 90 Kg/year.
Shrimp Paste Crackers as Potential Product Development for Small and Medium Enterprise (SMEs)
Authors: Retnaningsih C , Bekti R B , Ruenda O , Meiliana
Published: April 2021

There are many Small and Medium Enterprises processed food in the marine and fisheries sector in Central Java Province area, such as Demak Regency, Semarang City, and Pekalongan Regency. However, some business actors have not dared to innovate their products. Shrimp paste is one of the marine products that is processed by fermentation. Generally, shrimp paste is made from shrimp or small fish and is used as a spice in chilli sauce. The addition of shrimp paste to crackers is intended to increase its utilization as a marine product in the product development of Small and Medium Enterprises. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding shrimp paste on its chemical properties (moisture, protein, and fat content) and consumer acceptance through sensory testing. The ratio of tapioca flour and shrimp paste used in this study were 100: 0, 100: 5, 100: 10, and 100: 15. The results of the sensory analysis showed that the formulation with a ratio 100:15 was the most preferred formulation by the panellists. Based on the results of chemical analysis, the moisture content of crackers before and after frying 100:15 formulation ratio was 8.84% ± 0.14 and 1.85% ± 0.26. Fat and protein contents at 100:15 formulation ratio were 43.63% ± 4.23 and 1.67% ± 0.12 while those in the control were 26.46% ± 3.67 and 0.63% ± 0.70. Sensory evaluation data showed that consumer could accept this shrimp paste cracker as a potential food product.
Mitigation of Human-Orangutan Conflict in Orangutan Reintroduction Area at Suo-suo Village, Buffer Zone of Bukit Tigapuluh National Park
Authors: Maskulino  , Harianja A H , Kuswanda W
Published: April 2021

Indonesia develops rehabilitation and reintroduction programs of Sumatran Orangutan (Pongo abelii) to increase its population. This study was aimed to determine the potential of human-orangutan conflicts within the rehabilitation and reintroduction program in Bukit Tigapuluh National Park. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires, structured interviews, and Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) from August to November 2016 at Suo-suo village which is located around the releasing site in the buffer zone area of the park. We used frequency tables to determine the socio-economic characteristics of the community, such as education, livelihoods, gender, and income. We also depicted potential conflicts such as social and economic disturbances due to orangutan release. This study recorded that Suo-suo village is inhabited by a 2,887 population in 2016. According to the education level, the majority population (57,74%) has not completed elementary school due to limited education facilities. The primary livelihood in Suo-suo Village is shifting farming and also harvesting forest products from that surrounding park. This condition contributed to the potential conflict of human-orangutan because of an unsocialized rehabilitation program to the communities, competition in utilizing forest edible fruits, and the unintended entrance of orangutans in the community’s cultivated lands. We suggest the authority of the orangutan rehabilitation program to extend the socialization of its program to the local community, to prevent orangutans disturbing the community’s farming, to compensate community’s damaged crops, and to develop alternative livelihoods for a community that reduces their dependency on forest resources.
Optimization of NPIC Controller using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Saxena Aditi , Kumar Jitendra , Deolia Vinay Kumar
Published: April 2021

This paper has investigated the NPIC (Nonlinear proportional integral Controller) and Genetic algorithm has applied to obtain the minimum value of error. The objective function has been created using Integral absolute error (IAE) This controller provides a unique combination of proportional and integral controller along with a nonlinear factor present in the controller. which makes the controller much more effective in comparison to linear controller, as it has always remained a challenge to control a robotic manipulator which is highly non linear. so this controller provides an approach to control a nonlinear manipulator through nonlinear controller. He abstracts should summarize the contents of the paper in short terms, i.e., 150-250 words.
Design and analysis of nozzles for pneumatic windshield wiper
Authors: Sur Anirban , Solke Nitin , Pandiya Sharnil , Kotecha Ketan
Published: April 2021

Almost all the vehicles use mechanical wipers to clean the windscreen when rain or other elements such as dirt hit the surface of the windshield. This helps maintain visibility so the driver can see through the windshield. Also, mechanical wipers can damage the windscreen over time with friction and partially hinder the visibility as they only clear the screen partially. There are no alternative models currently available for solving the same problem. This paper proposes an air jet windshield wiper system consists of a high-speed air outlet mounted on the edge of the windshield through which a high-speed mass of air, called as air-beam, is released over the windshield. This can be achieved with the help of an air nozzle. The air-beam ejected by the outlet of the nozzle is designed to cover most of the surface of the windshield. The beam thickness is used to push rain drops over the windshield to the roof of the vehicle and beyond. In this paper, necessary calculations were done for selecting suitable nozzles for the project. To verify the results, FEM analysis and experimental analysis has been done.
Assessment of Biofuel Resource Potential, Prospects, Challenges and Utilization in Ethiopia: Sourcing Strategies for Renewable Energies- A Review
Authors: Bidir Michael G. , Millerjothi N.K. , Adaramola Muyiwa S. , Hagos Ftwi Y. , Singh R.C.
Published: April 2021

Lately there has been renewed interest in biomass based renewable energies. This is due to energy security concern, growing environmental benign and spiraling price of fossil fuel. In Ethiopia quality of life and energy consumption is tidily conjoined. This is mainly attributed to fast economic growth, expansion of industry and change of lifestyle of its population. This review paper assesses biofuel resource potential, prospects, challenges of Ethiopia and also investigated strategies for its transport utilization, with particular emphasis on sourcing options for cleaner energies from biodiesel. Possessing huge biomass potential and all types of topographies and climatic conditions that can accommodate the growth of various potential biofuel feed stocks; biofuels are believed to be best renewable alternatives to replace transport fuels. Attracted from its potential, the country has started production and utilization of biofuels, mainly biodiesel and ethanol since 2007. Although the biodiesel production is marred by many challenges. Generally, the economic and environmental benefits of biofuel development have been advocated in many literatures; however, the Ethiopian biofuel development policy and action plan lacks systematic study of strategies for efficient use of biofuel resource beyond the saving of hard currency by replacing petroleum-based fuels with biofuels, pastoral agricultural development and lessen the exhaust emissions. In this study it is shown that, updating the policy consolidating genuine biofuel development strategies depending on different evaluation adjustments, encouraging global expertise, involvement in specialized technical coordination, using up-to-date technologies and the introduction of advanced biofuel production may help in resolving the ongoing energy problems in the country.
Joining of aluminium to polymer by friction stir welding: An overview
Authors: Shankar S , Kaushal A , Chattopadhyaya S , Vilaça P , Bennis F
Published: April 2021

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a potential fabrication method to join the aluminium and polymer dissimilar materials as FSW joins the metals below their melting point. Since the automobile and aviation industries replacing the heavier metals with the lighter one like aluminium and polymer therefore joining of these two materials is the requirement for the industries in the current time. A lot of studies have been already done to join these two materials in the lap, butt and t-joint configuration. Particular attention has been focused to macrostructural and microstructural evolution after welding, microhardness and tensile property. As the temperature is an important factor for both the polymer and aluminium due to difference in chemical and mechanical property, so FSW is a suitable technique compared to other fusion welding processes therefore improved joint property is expected. In the present study, process capability of FSW has been enlightened for joining aluminium-polymer materials for future prospective…
Prediction of breakdown hours of load haul dumper by long short term memory network
Authors: Bisht Vaibhav , Kumar Sarthak , Agrawal Anil Kumar , Siddiqui Mohd A H , Chattopadhyaya Somnath
Published: April 2021

The profitability and feasibility of a system depends on the optimisation of the work of the subsystem as a unit. Here, the breakdown hours of an LHD machine is predicted by modelling a time series on a Neural Network. By accurately predicting the breakdown hours one can plan for efficient mining operations, maintenance and parts supply chain for replacements.
Designing and Prototyping for Conservation and Effective Utilization of Waste Heat from Air Conditioner
Authors: Choudhari Amit , Rane Aditya , Talkar Shamir , Rayar Pawan , Shukla Dhananjay
Published: April 2021

Nowadays Energy is becoming a crucial part of human needs and it’s essential for the day to day activities. We use an enormous amount of energy either from fossil fuels, electricity, or solar to heat the water to fulfil the need of residential or industrial sectors, and unfortunately, we consciously lose out a significant amount of energy in the form of heat from the condensers of air conditioning. Hence conservation of energy and its effective utilization has become imperative. The main objective of this research paper is to demonstrate how the waste heat which is dissipated from the condenser coil of a 1-ton Air conditioner is being utilized for heating the water and used to increase the Coefficient of Performance (COP) of the system. Therefore, by redesigning the condenser part of AC we would be able to appease the necessity of the heated water for bathing, cleaning, space heating, etc. in hostels, restaurants, for domestic and industrial use as a primary unit or with a hybrid water heater system.
Material selection and design of shell and tube heat exchanger for thermos-syphon steam generator
Authors: Solke Nitin S , Sur Anirban , Sapre Mandar
Published: April 2021

Pure steam generated by conventional boiler is not devoid of chemical additives, rust or other undesirable materials and fails to meet essential quality of steam needed for pharmaceutical and health care process industries for WFI(Water for Injection), sterilization of medical equipment and clean room humidification on account of the limitations in achieving desired standards needed by the qualities of ideal pure steam such as pH value, conductivity, bacteria count etc. as prescribed by the International Society of Pharmaceutical Engineers (ISPE). Dry and pure steam is produced by ‘pure steam generators’ using purification process of the plant steam and doesn’t contain any liquid droplets, any anti scaling additives and corrosion inhibitors. - Thermo siphon type Pure Steam Generator has been chosen in the present project for its extremely good heat transfer performance at low temperature differences, less sensitivity to large changes in process condition and more stable operation. In this paper design of the heat exchanger for generation of pure steam has been discussed. Here shell and tube type heat exchanger has been selected due to its flexibility of design, which allows wide range of pressures and temperatures. Standards laid out in ASME BPE for selection of material, CGMP and TEMA for design and manufacturing methods are followed for efficient and safe steam generation. Parameters given by the industry to meet customers’ requirements have been considered while designing the HE, its accessories, piping, valves and instruments. Thermal design of the two phase shell and tube heat exchanger has been done manually and validated using HTRI suite. The mean % error between HTRI results and manual results is 12.05%.
Influence of low-frequency vibration in Die Sinking EDM: a review
Authors: Devi Laxmi , Paswan Kamlesh , Chattopadhyaya Somnath , Pramanik Alokesh
Published: April 2021

Electric discharge machining (EDM) is a thermal-based machining process where material removal in the form of melting and vaporization occurs due to repeated electrical sparks between electrode and workpiece. EDM process finds wide applications in the manufacturing, automobile, aerospace, and biomedical industries due to its remarkable feature of producing complex geometrical shapes like molds, tools, and dies. Irrespective of materials hardness. In this review, the paper author has given details about a new advancement made in the EDM process, which is low-frequency vibration-assisted Die Sinking EDM. There is also a brief introduction of vibration setups that can be used to generate low-frequency vibration. There is also some discussion about various optimization techniques (e.g., TOPSIS, MOORA, GRA) used to optimize the process parameters that are current, frequency, pulse on time, and pulse off time to get better response parameters ( MRR, TWR, and SR). Besides, there is extensive discussion about the effect of current, pulse on time, pulse off time and frequency on MRR, SR, and TWR. In the end, some discussion on the effect of low-frequency vibration on surface topography is also discussed.
Decision making on the machining parameters of Electrical Discharge Machined AISI D2 tool steel by AHP and PROMETHEE method
Authors: Patel Rakesh Kumar , Pradhan Mohan Kumar
Published: April 2021

This paper determines the optimum process parameters of the non-conventional electrical discharge machining (EDM). The performance of the EDM machine depends upon the process parameter used. In this analysis weight percentage, pulse current (Ip), discharge voltage (V) and pulse duration (Ton) used as process parameters. The optimized output parameters are MRR, TWR, surface roughness and flatness. By using face centered composite design nine trials were conducted on the work piece which is made up of AISI D2 tool steel. The trial results obtained were used in AHP and PROMETHEE multi attribute decision making method. The weights of the responses were determined by the AHP method and select the best alternative by AHP and PROMETHEE method. machining parameters and accuracy of the component produce by EDM can be control by using the obtained results
Potential for Energy Saving in Mud Wall Construction
Authors: Mishra Subhash , Rai H.K. , Barnwal Pradeep
Published: April 2021

Energy saving refers to method used to reduce energy consumption. By using proper insulation material and efficient utilisation of energy resources, energy saving can be achieved. A considerable amount of energy may be obtained by minimizing the loss of heat across the outer surface of building walls. The finding of this study is energy saving is maximum at optimal insulation thickness. The heat loss is mainly depending upon the thickness of walls and thermal conductivity of insulation for building construction. In building wall, the thickness of insulation material has important role in saving of energy. Due to lower thermal conductivity and higher thermal mass of mud wall, it is better to constructed mud house as compared to brick construction according to energy saving point of view. During the analysis of energy saving, dimension of demonstrative room is considered as 6 m x 5 m x 3 m. The result shows that 576 kWh of energy in year 2019 has been saved when slurry of mud dung insulation is considered for mud wall construction.
A Review on 3D printed force sensors
Authors: Choudhary H , Vaithiyanathan D. , Kumar H
Published: April 2021

A force sensor plays major role in robotics, wearable electronics and meteorological applications. Three dimensional (3D) printing is an exceptional technology and provides easy and economical fabrication process for the force sensors. Some salient features of 3D printing and development of force sensors in recent times have been represented in this paper. All possible forms of force sensors, for instance flexible, transparent, stretchable and highly sensitive can be developed using 3D printing technologies in an economical, quick and environmental-friendly approach. Over the years, fused deposition modeling (FDM) is gaining attention for the fabrication of force sensors. Also, due to advancements in materials and fabrication process, these sensors are being developed with enormous benefits. Some recent developments include flexible capacitive force sensor, wearable sensor and tactile sensor that are popular with 3D printing.
An investigation into microstructure and mechanical properties of maraging steel weldment
Authors: Gope Deepak Kumar , Kumar Priyanshu , Chattopadhyaya Somnath , Wuriti Gowrishankar , Thomas Tessy
Published: April 2021

Maraging steel is an alloy of Ni-Fe having very low carbon content. These steel is having superior properties like toughness and strength without losing its malleability. In the present work 5mm thick Maraging steel plates were welded using GTAW process with maraging steel filler wire. This paper attempts to analyse the microstructure and mechanical properties of the weldment. Post weld heat treatment (PWHT) was carried out at 480°C. Strength of welded joint of as-weld and PWHT was tested using ultimate tensile machine (UTM). Both the tensile specimen (As-weld and PWHT) breaks at base metal zone. The quality of joint at micro-level was analysed using optical microscopy. PWHT sample have finer grain compare to weld sample. Different phases transformation was observed in microstructures. Microhardness was also observed at different location in and around the joint. It was also observed that the fusion zone and heat affect zone (HAZ) of PWHT has higher value of Microhardness compare to weld sample.
Analysis of Elastic Deflection of Single Point Cutting Tool and Optimization of Cutting Speed in Turning Operation by Using MADM Method
Authors: Dewangan Saurabh , Chattopadhyaya Somnath , Sharma Amar , Chaudhary Varun , Rohan Ritwik
Published: April 2021

In the present paper, an analysis was carried out to optimize the cutting parameter i.e. speed in turning operation. The turning was done on a cylindrical rod with diameter and length of 35 mm and 300 mm respectively. The actual length of cutting was 100 mm. Five different cutting operations were taken place with five different cutting speeds i.e. 45, 105, 160, 270, 630 (in rpm) respectively. The surface roughness of the job and forces involved during cutting were measured through profilo-meter and dynamometer respectively. Also, the tool life was calculated by using Taylor’s tool life equation in each cutting condition. The elastic deflection of the tool in each cutting condition was simulated by using FUSION360 software. The optimum cutting speed was found out by applying multiple objective decision making (MADM) method.
Influence of laser power and welding speed on dendrite structure growth of low power pulsed laser welded super alloy
Authors: Kumar Uday , Chattopadhyaya Somnath , Das A K , Kumar Ratnesh , Sharma Shubham , Nagai Kaori
Published: April 2021

The influence of different welding parameters like welding speed and laser power on microstructure and the mechanical properties of low power pulsed Nd: Yag laser welded Nickel based super alloy inconel 617 sheets of thickness 1.5 mm has been investigated. In the present study, the welding of the specimens was done in a single pass aimed to full depth penetration. The microstructure of the various samples at fusion zone and at heat affected zone was characterized by field effect scanning electron microscope (FESEM) while the weld size of the welded metal at different parameters were measured using optical microscope (OM). The microhardness in the various zones for the welded sample has also been investigated. The microhardness of the welded samples was compared with base metal after experimental observations. The XRD technique was used to analyze the crystallography of the material at (2θ degree). The material has been used for the present study because of its exceptional properties of heat resistant and corrosion resistant. The Nd: YAG pulsed laser has been used because of its overlapping factor during welding that reduces porosity in the weld zone.
Mechanical Characterization & Phase Evaluation of ODS Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Kumar Satyajeet , Kumar Jay Shankar , Tiwari Sandeep , Sachendra  , Prakash Om , Singh Shailesh Kumar
Published: April 2021

Nano-oxide dispersed aluminum alloys are widely used as structural components in different fields in aerospace, defence, transport and automobile industries. It is observed that the hardness of these Aluminium alloys (65-100 HV) could be significantly enhanced by uniform dispersion of nanometric Y2O3 and TiO2 in high-Al matrix in presence of other alloying elements like Fe and Ti. In the present work, synthesis of Al (70%), 22 Fe (22 %), Ti (8 %), Al (69 %), Fe (22 %), Ti (8 %) with 1% nano-Y2O3 and Al (69%), Fe (22%), Ti(8%) with 1% nano-TiO2 dispersed particles through mechanical alloying has been carried out. These alloys have been named as alloy A, B & C respectively on the basis of their weight percentages Subsequent consolidation of this alloy has been carried out through conventional sintering at 1000°C for 1 hour. X-ray diffraction study (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) has been used to analyse the phases evolved during various stages of milling. The crystallite size and lattice strain were analyzed by Williamson-Hall method and finally, the structures and Phases are correlated. Sharp peaks with high intensity reveal the presence of amorphous and crystalline phases. For alloy B, intermetallic peaks like Al3Fe, andAl3Ti, Y2O3 and TiO2 for alloy C has been observed after sintering.
A Comparative Study of hand operated Water Purifier
Authors: Kumar Anil , Hegde Shriram , Singh Shailesh Kumar
Published: April 2021

The present work shows the comparative analysis of various designs of portable water purifier without consuming electric power. Four different combinations of reverse-osmosis membrane, alum, potassium permanganate, sodium tri chlor has been used for obtaining optimized value of total dissolved solids (TDS) of the known sample of water. In the subsequent stages of the project the various components of the product will be designed and fabricated. The quality of the water filtered by the prototype device depends upon the membrane (filter) it is using so the proper designing and selection of the filter is also a very crucial task. The specialty of the product is that it is a compact product hence can be easily carried to anywhere. Its operation is very easy so it can be operated by anyone with ease.
Experimental Investigation of the AISI H-13 die steel by Wire-Cut EDM
Authors: Ujjwal  , Sachendra  , Singh Shailesh Kumar
Published: April 2021

The current study is done to provide a comprehensive report on the machining of AISI H-13 Die Steel with bare and coated wire electrodes. The study is carried out for the pulse duration-on time and pulse duration-off time process parameters effect on both electrodes and surface roughness is taken as response parameter of material along with the best viable combination of process parameter for machining.
Assessment of Environmental Performances of Small and Medium Scale Indian Industries in the context of Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM)
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Chattopadhyaya Somnath , Tiwari Sandeep
Published: April 2021

GSCM is extremely important for recent manufacturing systems. In an environmentally awaken atmosphere GSCM has an indispensible role to play to reduce the carbon foot print of different manufacturing operations. In the Indian context, the small and medium scale enterprises are unaware of environment friendly supply chain operations. Therefore there is an urgent need to develop a scale for implementing GSCM practices in those manufacturing domain. The objective of this paper is to investigate in formulating a widely acceptable scale for evaluation of green supply chain (GSC) system practices among those manufacturers. On the basis of the data collected from 119 Indian enterprises, measurement models of GSCM practices were evaluated. The assessments are done though the questionnaire from Small and Medium size enterprises (SMEs). Role of environmental performance in the green supply chain system for those enterprises is critically analyzed in this work. Conclusive strategies of this attempt will enable those manufacturers to perform effectively in dealing with GSCM issues.
Study of Effect of Mach Number on Coefficient of drag of Sounding Rocket by Computational Method
Authors: Kumar Ashutosh , Shukla Rakesh Kumar , Gusain Kushagra S. , Sadar Aakash
Published: April 2021

This research paper conducts a study of aerodynamic drag coefficient of a sounding rocket named Rohini300 MK-II. There are various factor which plays important role in rocket stability and aerodynamic drag coefficient is one of them. Zero-lift drag coefficient, CD (i.e. drag coefficient at attack angle of zero degree) is evaluated and its behavior is observed with the different mach numbers. This paper defines the development of a CFD model of the RH 300 MK-II in the modeling software, then importing the 3D model into CFD software and then the creation of CFD domain, meshing of the domain of CFD, application of various boundary conditions and then obtaining plots and results for coefficient of drag. And Finally Result is cocluded to get its Zero Drag coefficient.
Performance analysis of ERS using R134a - An experimental investigation (Part 1) – Ejector design and performance analysis
Authors: Kumar Vikas , Tiwari Sandeep , Sachdeva Gulshan , Jain Vaibhav , Mittal Vishal , Sharma Paras , Rajput Vipin , Bhardwaj Homenidhi
Published: April 2021

The present study proposed a mathematical model for calculating the entrainment ratio and area-ratio for the single-phase ejector working double choking conditions. The model contains gas dynamic equations and is used to calculate performance of ejector for R134a and R141b refrigerants. The model is also validated with the experimental results of the previous researcher and found results are in good coherence with average deviation of -0.287% and 2.48% for area-ratio and entrainment ratio respectively.
Performance analysis of ERS using R134a - An experimental investigation (Part 2) – System design
Authors: Kumar Vikas , Tiwari Sandeep , Sachdeva Gulshan , Jain Vaibhav , Devanshu  , Raghav Paras , Nagar Ankush , Uttam
Published: April 2021

The paper presents a mathematical model based on the 1-D gas dynamic equations used to calculate the design and dimensions of the ERS. In the model, the design of the heat exchangers i.e., generator, condenser and evaporator are calculated for the specified ejector geometry. Additionally, the fabrication methodology is also discussed in detail.
Exergy analysis of heat assisted ejector refrigeration system using R1234yf
Authors: Sharma Bharat , Sachdeva Gulshan , Kumar Vikas
Published: April 2021

An ejector refrigeration system (ERS) is introduced which operates on low-grade energy like solar energy, industrial waste heat etc. In this paper, the performance parameters and the conventional exergy analysis of ejector refrigeration system is measure with reference to ambient conditions. Exergy analysis was applied independently to each component of the system. The refrigerant R1234yf which has low Ozone depletion potential (ODP) and Global depletion potential (GWP) has been used to analysed the exergy analysis with the help of Engineering Equation solver software. The results shows that maximum exergy destruction in generator followed by ejector and other components.
Generative Design Method (GDM) – A State of Art
Authors: Jaisawal Rajneesh , Agrawal Vandana
Published: April 2021

This paper presents the review of generative design method (GDM). The main aim of generative design system is to create new design that produces number of feasible distinct design with the help of computing power and manufacturing capability. A generative design process has mainly three important components, which are a structured design framework, a method of generating dissimilarity, and a way of determining preferable outcomes. The aim of this paper is to review the different generative design method (GDM), its role in the product design and development especially in conceptual design phase, which is a time consuming, and complex design process, and to assist designer in creating innovative design of existing design. Based on the literature survey, the various classification involved in generative design method, and its applications in different fields have been discussed.
Continual improvement through ISO 9001 – An evidence based audit conducted in 200 organizations
Authors: Naveen Karri , Senanayake Rohan , Selvan Chithirai Pon
Published: April 2021

Continual improvement is the most significant element of ISO 9001. Inadequate research studies are found to make the assessment of Continual Improvement of certified organizations through an onsite audit. Researcher has spent 386 mandays onsite conducting audit of 200 organization to determine the conformance to the criteria laid in ISO 9001:2015. This research study is based on primary data obtained through process observation, reviewing documented information and interviewing concern professionals including the top management. The key factors determined for continual improvement were analyzed to confirm effectiveness, adequacy and suitability of the quality management system. The outcome of the audit was measured against the conformity assessment variable influencing the continual improvement of the quality management system. Research data was analyzed by using the simplest statistical software “Jamovi”. The compliance with the criteria for outcome of the management review, non conformity and corrective action were mapped against the five point Likert scale.
Precipitation Behaviour of Low Carbon Microalloyed Steel
Authors: Singh Harikesh , Singh Ashish Kumar , Hyderi Zakir Ali , Banerjee M.K.
Published: April 2021

In this paper precipitation behaviour of low carbon micro alloyed steel is seen by various heat treatment cycles at different temperature ranges. Precipitation occurs during the ageing cycles and as we can conclude from harness graph and microstructural study that precipitation of alloys like NbC, SiC, CrC, NiC, VC, MoC, BC precipitates on higher temperatures, therefore hardness tends to increase at some range of high temperature ageing. After their precipitation occurs there got a saturation in the system and again hardness tends to fall. Although the hardness result of all the samples do not show very significant difference, but as a whole the test shows rise, saturation and fall in hardness values which is due to various precipitation temperatures of various alloying elements involved.
Derivative Free Levenberg-Marquardt Method for Solving Fuzzy Nonlinear Equation
Authors: Omesa A U , Sulaiman I M , Mamat M , Waziri M Y , Shadi A , Zaini M A , Kalfin  , Sumiati I
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we present a derivative-free computational method for solving fuzzy nonlinear equation. Derivative-free technique avoids computing the derivative by generating an estimate to the derivative. This is made possible by inserting the estimate of in Levenberg-Marquardt’s method. Numerical experiments are carried out which shows that, the method is efficient.
Performance Analysis of a Modified Conjugate Gradient Algorithm for Optimization Models
Authors: Olowo S E , Sulaiman I M , Mamat M , Owoyemi A E , Zaini M A , Kalfin  , Yuningsih S H
Published: April 2021

The Conjugate gradient (CG) algorithms is very important and widely used in solving optimization models. This is due to its simplicity as well as global convergence properties. Various line search procedures as usually employ in the analysis of the CG methods. Recently, many studies have been done aimed at improving the CG method. In this paper, an alternative formula for conjugate gradient coefficient has been proposed which possesses the global convergence properties under exact minimization condition. The result of the numerical computation has shown that this new coefficient performs better than the existing CG methods.
Fertilizer Transportation Problem Using Vogel Approximation Method
Authors: Kankarofi R H , Ayakubu U , Sulaiman I M , Mamat M , Sukono  , Saputra M P A
Published: April 2021

This research work was designed to optimize the processes of transporting fertilizer from Kano State Agricultural Supply Company, KASCO, Maiduguri Road, Kano, also implement the distribution route that lead to the reduction of operating cost of transportation problems that usually occurs due to the nature of bad roads to some selected local government in Kano state Nigeria. To minimize the cost of shipping fertilizer from the company to the destinations a mathematical optimization model (Vogel Approximation method) has been used to ease the cost and the distribution of fertilizer to the various locations.
An Accelerated Shamanskii-like Scheme for Some Conservative problems
Authors: Sulaiman I M , Mamat M , Waziri M Y , Alomari M A , Umar A O , Malik M , Sukono  , Yuningsih S H
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we studied some conservative problems, and constructed a low memory approach to its solution. By means of component-wise approximation approach, a diagonal update to the Jacobian matrix was derived. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the proposed scheme.
Deep learning pre-trained model as feature extraction in facial recognition for identification of electronic identity cards by considering age progressing
Authors: Usgan M , Ferdiana R , Ardiyanto I
Published: April 2021

The usage of the face recognition system is various, one of which is to identify missing people. Cases of missing persons can usually happen to people who do not carry an identity card, such as people with mental disorders. Identity cards have some information, namely name, address, date of birth, and a photo ID of a face. This information has stored at the civil registry office, which is an Indonesian government agency. Therefore to solve this problem, we use a photo ID as a dataset to identify someone’s identity. Photo ID as a dataset has age progressing factors in facial recognition systems. Several previous studies have discussed age progressing factors. Previous research used MORPH, CACD, and FGNET datasets. The dataset has several photos of faces consisting of various age levels for the same subject, but it is different from the photo ID that we use. For the training data process, we only use one data, namely a photo ID used to recognize faces at this point. Therefore we use the pre-trained VGGFace2 model, and then, fine-tuning the data during the training process, we use AM-Softmax loss as a loss function. Then the classification is done using SVM. The method we use than compared with the Moustafa method, which also uses a pre-trained model. The results we obtained have a better accuracy performance of 0.9351 compared to the Moustafa method of 0.733
The Effect of Cr (VI) Metal On Aerobic Stability of (WWTP) Process CED UGM Laboratories
Authors: Darmayani S , Alaydrus S , Yuniarty T
Published: April 2021

Chemical Engineering Department, Gadjah Mada University, has a wastewater treatment plant to process wastewater produced by its laboratories. The WWTP consists of equalization, anaerobic, aerobic and phytoremediation ponds. WWTP operates with the adding of starch as substrate and NPK as nutrient. However this WWTP could not treat wastewater which contained a variety of chemical compounds, so that it did not operate properly. Therefore WWTP revitalization should be done in order to make it operate optimally. The purposes of the research are to determine the effect of Cr on the WWTP stability conditions, and the performance of aerobic activated sludge. The experiment was done by controlling substrates flow as much as 3 litters per day to the aerobic pond in a laboratory scale pond made from plastic with the capacity of 10 litters. The pond was run continuously, the samples of wastewater was taken to measure its BOD, COD, MLSS and MLVSS along with the waste feeding. The results showed that the higher Cr concentration the longer time required by aerobic bacteria to degrade it into Cr. Aerobic bacteria are able to reduce the BOD - COD of waste-water that contains Cr up to 50% on various concentrations.
Design of Management Information System for Employee Performance Appraisal Using Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Method
Authors: Purnamafajari R , Budiman  , Niqotaini Z
Published: April 2021

Information Technology and Information Systems are able to assist the performance appraisal process and assist decision-making by the management of an organization. Bank BTN Bogor Branch Office itself has carried out the performance appraisal process for employees every quarter, semester and annually every year. The performance appraisal process uses the key performance indicator method using several indicators, where the assessment is carried out by superiors to subordinates after a performance target has been set by the Central Bank BTN Office. The performance appraisal process takes quite a long time because the accountant has to collect every performance appraisal result from each work unit. In addition, the ongoing system has another weakness, namely that it cannot be monitored via the dashboard in real time by the Management division which aims to assist in decision making in finding top talent. This study designed a Management Information System for employee performance appraisal at Bank BTN Bogor Branch Office which is designed for 2 levels of management, namely middle level management and bottom level management. The design of this SIM includes 3 stages, namely the data collection method, the Rapid Application Development (RAD) system development method and the Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) method. The application of SOA is used so that communication between systems can run smoothly without being hindered by different platforms. The results of the SIM design in the form of a mockup that functions as an assessment system and monitoring media for employee performance with several features in it both mobile and website. Then there are several additional features in designing a mobile-based information system, namely employee performance which aims to see top talent candidate employees.
Designing Souvenir Products Berastagi Clothes with Kansei Engineering Method
Authors: Sembiring N , Febrilliandika B , Oktaviani H , Siregar L S , Azmi N N
Published: April 2021

Consumer desire is something that is very vital to be criticized in product design. Clothing products are also known as the time changing industry, which is an industry that must continue to innovate to meet consumer desires. Berastagi clothing products are one of the typical souvenirs of the Berastagi tourism area. Based on a preliminary survey conducted on 84 tourists, 70.24 percent stated that the dress design was not attractive. As many as 70 percent of the tourists state that the design of these clothes is outdated. Therefore it is necessary to design new clothes designs. The method used in this study is kansei engineering to identify the kansei, items, and product categories that are consumer’s preferences. In this study, four questionnaires were used. The first questionnaire is an open questionnaire that is used to analyze the product word kansei. The results are obtained in the form of nineteen kansei words which will be used as input to the second questionnaire. Each kansei word was assessed by the respondent using a semantic differential scale. The results of the data adequacy test for the second questionnaire obtained N ‘value of 91 while the number of samples was 93 so that the data was sufficient. The results of the validity test state that all kansei words are valid. The reliability test yields a value of 0.907 or greater than 0.60 so that the data is considered reliable. MSA and KMO test results obtained all valid data. Questionnaire III was used to determine product stimulus. The results of the second questionnaire were analyzed for conjoint analysis in order to obtain 8 product stimuli. Questionnaire IV is used to find out the models used to fulfill each customer’s kansei words. In addition, an analysis of the main preferences of customers was also carried out. The final result is that the model with the highest utility which is the customer’s preference is clothing with cotton materials, ikat motif, cardigan models, white color, and long sleeves.
Breast Cancer Lesion Detection and Classification in mammograms using Deep Neural
Authors: Silalahi A R J
Published: April 2021

A method to automatically detect and classify a lesion into either malignant or non-malignant is presented in this work. The dataset used is obtained from INbreast database and are in format of full-field digital mammography (FFDM). Some of the key challenges in detecting cancerous lesion in mammography are the low contrast between cancerous lesion and its surrounding tissues, apparent contrast similarities between lesion and pectoral muscle, presence of calcifications that may disrupt the detection process, and some level of morphological similarities between the lesion and some normal tissues. The work here consists of two main parts. The first part is the image processing section that aims to sample the lesion with intended lesion-to-surrounding ratio (0.4-0.6) and to avoid sampling from unintended regions such as pectoral muscle. Another key challenge is that the database is relatively small while machine learning requires a relatively large dataset. To improve size of samples, eighty fixed-size images (250 pixels x 250 pixels) are randomly cropped out of each of the previously processed image. The second part is to build the machine learning application based on deep neural network framework to classify samples into two classes, malignant and non-malignant. In present work we apply two different frameworks known as Plain and Residual Net (ResNet). Our calculations show that both models can detect a single lesion with more than 90% accuracy and area under ROC curve >0.94.
Optimal Knots Point and Bandwidth Selection in Modeling Mixed Estimator Nonparametric Regression
Authors: Dani A T R , Ratnasari V , Budiantara I N
Published: April 2021

The nonparametric regression model that is currently developing is limited to only one estimator form that is used. This happens, due to the assumption from the researcher that each of these predictors has the same data pattern. However, when we model the predictor variable with the response variable, what happens is that each predictor may have a different pattern, so it is necessary to develop a mixed estimator. The mixed estimator used in this study is the truncated spline and the Gaussian Kernel. Furthermore, it becomes a separate problem, when combining the truncated spline with the Gaussian Kernel, so it must determine the optimal knot point and bandwidth. Determine the optimal knot point and bandwidth is very important. The methods used are Cross-Validation (CV), Generalized Cross-Validation (GCV), and Unbiased Risk (UBR). In this study, the nonparametric regression model was applied to the data on the percentage of poor people in Districts/Cities on Borneo Island in 2019. Based on analysis, the modeling of the nonparametric regression approach with a mixed estimator of the truncated spline and the Gaussian Kernel uses the GCV method which gives the best results. This is supported by the coefficient of determination obtained by 90.52% and the MSE value of 1.10. This means that the nonparametric regression model built can explain the effect of the predictor variable on the response variable, namely the percentage of poor people by 90.52%.
Determination of Aquifer Layer Using Geoelectric Resistivity Method in Lappae, Bone Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Massinai M A , Massinai M F I , Syamsuddin E , Baso AH , Cottang H
Published: April 2021

This research was carried out in Lappae, Bone Regency, an area that was supposedly having difficulty with water sources, remarkably in the dry season. This research aims to determine the water source location and the type of aquifer layer using the Geoelectric resistivity method with the Wenner-Schlumberger configuration. The results showed that the aquifer zone, which was thought to be a sandstone layer, was located at various depths ranging from 25-60 meters with a resistivity value of 25-150 Ωm. Meanwhile, bedrock layers are limestone with a resistivity value of 300 - 1200 Ω m. Based on the type of aquifer layer in the area, namely sandstone and limestone, the aquifer can be classified as a free aquifer because it only has a waterproof layer underneath