bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENELUSURAN SEJARAH PENDIKOTOMIAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN (UMUM DAN AGAMA) DI INDONESIA
Authors: Kamaludin Mohammad
Published: August 2022

General science and religion are two areas of knowledge that have always been debated. Until there are assumptions that confirm each other. Actually what is going on in the world of education so there is a dichotomy of science like this. Historical searches of both may be able to find adequate answers. This research reveals the history of the separation of science (General and Religion) through fragments made by humans and especially colonial powers who deliberately divided the position of each science for the convenience and necessity of early detection of chaos. From history can be seen how religion is the upstream of all forms of teaching and education processes that existed in Indonesia before the arrival of modern sciences as it is today. Teachers, kiai, ustad, and teachers in certain places enlighten their communities using their skilled hands through religious studies. The basic religions contained in moral knowledge, natural knowledge, counting, philosophy, and mystical science are conveyed very clearly and unequivocally.Keywords : Dichotomy, General Knowledge, Religious Knowledge
NETWORKED JOURNALISM: PELUANG KOLABORATIF JURNALIS DAN AKTIVIS ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Bo’do’ Stepanus
Published: August 2022

Digital technology has increased the interest of student activists engaging in journalistic activities. To participate in collaborative news production in the digital age, they need a better understanding of journalism, both conceptually and practically. Conceptually, to understand the new structure of journalism formed by digital networks. Practically, to recognize how the horizontal structure of the digital network opens equal and collaborative opportunities for professional journalists and non-journalist actors. Literature studies on scientific publications using the keyword “networked journalism” indicate opportunities for student activists to become non-journalistic actors, who can be involved in news production and become actors who act as programmers or switchers in networked communicative power in the digital era.Keywords: Networked Journalism, Collaborative Opportunities, Journalists, Digital Age
SEMIOTICS ANALYSIS OF AHOK-DJAROT’S CAMPAIGN VIDEO ON YOUTUBE SOCIAL MEDIA FOR THE SECOND ROUND OF THE 2017 DKI JAKARTA GUBERNATORIAL ELECTION
Authors: Habib Muhammad Alhada Fuadilah , Ratnaningsih Asik Putri Ayusari , Sinabutar Michael Jeffri
Published: August 2022

This study focuses on the messages conveyed in Ahok-Djarot’s campaign video on Youtube social media for the second round of the 2017 DKI Jakarta gubernatorial election by exploring and analyzing the elements of the icons, the indexes, the symbols, the lyrics, and the storyline using Peirce's semiotics based on the visual methodology. Various messages that have been conveyed through the video with the title “Video Kampanye Ahok-Djarot: Pastikan Pancasila Hadir di Jakarta” (Ahok-Djarot’s Campaign Video: Ensure Pancasila is Present in Jakarta) are very interesting to study because the video has become a viral video during the heating up political climate for the second round of the 2017 DKI Jakarta gubernatorial election. A form of support for Ahok-Djarot and also a form of criticism for the current condition of Jakarta articulated through a 2-minutes video with visual images as well as audio lyrics with subtitles packaged interestingly. The results obtained from the analysis are; when Ahok-Jarot’s campaign video for the second round of the 2017 DKI Jakarta gubernatorial election is mapped, it has three main scenes and each scene tries to convey a message to the public, especially the Jakarta citizens. The first scene shows that the current condition of Jakarta is still intolerant and tends to discriminate against minorities. The second scene tries to show that Jakarta should really hold the motto "Bhineka Tunggal Ika" (Unity in Diversity) and should not just use it as a mere motto. The third scene tries to show that Ahok-Jarot are the suitable leaders for the Jakarta citizens because Ahok has worked for Jakarta and has put real efforts for Jakarta. Moreover, Ahok-Djarot is a pair of candidates who can solve the problems described in the previous scene. In general, the issue raised in this controversial video is the issue of intolerance currently considered as a big problem for the Jakarta citizens.  Keywords: Semiotics, Intolerance, Political Campaign, Youtube Social Media, Ahok-Djarot, Jakarta
BANTUAN LUAR NEGERI JEPANG DALAM SKPT MOROTAI, MALUKU UTARA
Authors: Irmawati Irmawati , Watania Patricia Benedicta
Published: August 2022

Japan provided bilateral assistance for the construction of SKPT Morotai in North Maluku Province with an aid value of Rp 1.8 billion in 2018. Foreign assistance or Official Development Assistance is used for physical development and capacity building in the fisheries sector. Thus, the fisheries sector could enter export markets including to Japan. In the study of political economy, the economic policy of the country is not only related to purely economic affairs but is influenced by political interests. The state will use its power to maximize the national interest. Based on the results of the study, it was found that Japan as a donor country uses ODA as a foreign policy instrument based on economic interests and political interests in Indonesia. Economically, Japan benefits from the presence of fish products from Morotai, but on the other hand Japan does not want the dominance of fish products from Indonesia by imposing import duties. Politically, ODA becomes a means of concession of trade protection policies in the fisheries sector even though Indonesia and Japan have signed free trade agreements. Keywords: Jepan, SKPT Morotai, North Maluku
ASA DALAM ALUNAN GULA GENDING : STUDI TENTANG PANDANGAN MASYARAKAT DESA KEMBANG KERANG DAYA TENTANG PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Inderasari Oryza Pneumatica , Fatoni Haerul Rizal , Maulana Ikmal , Sopian Muhammad Ali
Published: August 2022

Poverty, for some people, is not always followed by low education. This is evidenced by the experience of the gula gending sellers who can send their children to higher education. This research was completed using a qualitative descriptive method with the help of the social construction theory of Peter L. Berger and Luckman. Sources of data used are primary and secondary data. Bringing up the title "Asa in the strains of Gula Gending: A Study of the Views of the People of Kembang Kerang Daya Village on the Ability of Gula Gending Sellers to Send Children to Higher Education", describing the limitations of parents in terms of education, skills, and access to employment, has actually become a motivator for parents to change the future for the better. Children are believed to be an investment in the future, both in the hereafter and in the world, for gula gending sellers, so educating them to have a strong motivation in education is part of worship and struggle. In the results and conclusions, we describe the discussion: (1) gula gending in Kembang Kerang Daya Village, (2) the seller of gula gending and children's education, (3) the views of the people from Kembang Kerang Daya Village on the ability of the gula gending seller to send their children to higher education. And (4) the potential for culture and education that can be a potential for community empowerment. Keywords: Seller’s Expectations, Gula Gending, The Meaning of Education
MAKNA AIR BAGI PETANI TUMPANG SARI DI DESA BAGO, KECAMATAN BESUK, KABUPATEN PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Hadi Lukman
Published: August 2022

Bago Village is a village where most of the people work as farmers with an agricultural system that is applied using intercropping techniques. The intercropping system seeks to utilize the available land and is able to produce optimal production. Water politics is a phenomenon that often occurs in the environment of farmers in the process of agricultural irrigation. The meaning of water resources depends on each actor in interpreting the symbols as the basis for their interactions, because each individual will interpret air differently according to his assessment. This research is qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The technique of making informants uses the purposive sampling technique with the research location in Bago Village, Besuk District, Probolinggo Regency. The results of this study indicate that the meaning of air for agricultural actors is as a shared resource including for the planting process. Water is also basically interpreted as a unifying tool because it has economic, social, and political values in everyday life. Keywords: Irrigation Management; Agricultural Actors; Water Politics; The Meaning of Water
FENOMENA JASA TITIP BELI (JASTIP) SEBAGAI BENTUK BUDAYA KONSUMTIF MASYARAKAT PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Fitrianatsany Fitrianatsany
Published: August 2022

The buying and selling service (Jastip) is a new symptom of Indonesian society. Jastip is a bridge for online shoppers who want to shop, from teenagers, and new rich people to socialite mothers. Especially during the Covid-19 pandemic, jastip has actually become a new style for consumers to shop without the need to leave the house, in addition to not being tired, to minimize the spread of Covid-19. This article will explore these symptoms as part of the consumptive culture of society, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results of this study indicate that the culture of shopping through courier services cannot be separated from what Jean Baudrillard calls a mode of consumption. As for the meaning, this phenomenon is also interpreted as a way to raise one's social status. By using certain products or brands, they feel that others will respect them. Keywords: Jastip, Behavior, Consumptive Culture, Society.
HABITUS MASYARAKAT DI DAERAH KEKERINGAN PADA DESA JATISARI KABUPATEN SITUBONDO
Authors: Khumairo Gusnia Ami , Handayani Baiq Lily
Published: August 2022

Drought is a serious problem that often arises when the dry season arrives. Usually, this situation occurs in an area that continuously experiences below-average rainfall so that the water supply becomes less. In general, the onset of a drought disaster cannot be known, but it can be said that drought occurs when the available water is no longer sufficient for daily needs. One example is the drought that occurred in Jatisari Village, Arjasa District, Situbondo Regency. The people of Jatisari Village have to try hard to get water that is used for their daily needs such as drinking, cooking, bathing, and washing. This study uses Pierre Bourdieu's theory of habitus. Habitus is the mental or cognitive structure by which people relate to the social world. This study uses qualitative research methods, with a focus on the ethnographic approach. Ethnography focuses on groups that share a common culture. The results of the research obtained are that the habitus in Jatisari Village makes the community have a helping nature as evidenced by the existence of mutual cooperation in making water sources and repairing damaged bore wells. Then there is harmony with neighbors when they are allowed to borrow water, entrusting the jurigen to fetch water, and the honesty of the community when conducting water transactions makes the relationship closer in society.Keywords: Adaptation to Climate Change, Drought, Habitus
KETAHANAN EKONOMI DAN DAYA LENTING IBU RUMAH TANGGA DI KAMPUNG KUE SURABAYA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Jaura Maria Serlina , Alie Azizah , Elanda Yelly
Published: August 2022

This article examines the economic resilience of families and the resilience of housewives during the covid 19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has shaken the economy of housewives in the cake village where the majority of their jobs are cake makers and sellers. The existence of a large-scale social restriction policy (PSBB) caused the turnover of cake sales to decline. The type of method used in this research is qualitative with a narrative approach. Data were obtained through observation and in-depth interviews with housewives who were involved in the production process (cake makers) and cake distribution (cake sellers). This study uses the theory of rational choice expressed by James Coleman. The results of this study indicate that the economic resilience of the family of housewives in the kue village was shaken due to the covid 19 pandemic. Housewives in the cake village only relied on the sales of cakes so that the family's economic resilience was increasingly vulnerable during the covid 19 pandemic. The resilience carried out by mothers households in the cake village during the covid 19 pandemic are (1) selling pastries so that the cake has a long expiration date; (2) relying on social media in marketing their products; (3) tighten belts or be frugal; (4) ask for help to their nearest social network.Keywords: Economic Resilience, Resilience, Kampung Kue, Covid 19 Pandemic
RESEARCHING WITH HARD-TO-REACH, HIDDEN AND VULNERABLE POPULATIONS
Authors: AKSEL Damla
Published: August 2022

In academic studies within the field of social sciences, certain problems need to be comprehensively evaluated in the context of research ethics at each stage of the knowledge production process, from the design of the research question to the dissemination of research findings. These problems regarding research processes and ethics come to the fore and create ethical concerns and dilemmas for researchers especially in studies conducted with individuals and communities that are hard-to-reach, hidden and vulnerable. How should researchers access hard-to-reach and hidden groups? How should the position of the researcher be constructed in studies with hidden and vulnerable individuals and communities? How, to what extent and under what conditions should unexpected data be evaluated and disseminated when the research is on communities exposed to structural vulnerabilities? The answers to such questions do not only guide research processes, but also affect the social and political perceptions of the issues and communities under consideration. This article focuses on the common questions and ethical issues that arise in studies with hard-to-reach, hidden and vulnerable groups in the field of social sciences. The article aims to classify and discuss the main issues through the analysis of secondary sources published in the fields of research methods and ethics in social sciences, and articles reviewing processes of empirical research with the mentioned communities.
USE OF TABLES, GRAPHS AND DIAGRAMS IN SOCIAL SCIENCES
Authors: ERMEYDAN Burcu
Published: August 2022

Bu çalışmada, Sosyal Bilimler araştırmalarında, araştırmaların hazırlanmasından yazılı hale getirilmesine kadar farklı aşamalarda kullanılan tablo, grafik ve şema gibi başat görsel ögelerin kullanımının önem ve etkilerini tartışılmaktadır. Özellikle, teknolojik olanakların gelişimi, büyük veriye dayalı ya da nicel yöntem kullanılan çalışmaların yoğunlaşması sebebiyle, Sosyal Bilimler araştırmalarında görsel ögeler giderek daha fazla yer almaya başlamıştır. Ne var ki, özellikle Sosyal Bilimler alanında bu tür görsel ögelerin neden önemli olduğu ve nasıl kullanılması gerektiğine dair yönlendirici çalışmalar açısından büyük bir açık bulunmaktadır. Bu eksikliği hedef alan bu çalışma, tablo, grafik ve şemaların sıklıkla kullanılan türleri ve kullanım amaçlarını temel alarak, görsel ögelerin, araştırmalar için önemini değerlendirmeyi hedeflemektedir. Bu bağlamda, literatürdeki mevcut tartışmalar, çeşitli görsel öge örnekleri üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Buna göre, tablo, grafik ve şema gibi görsel ögelerin, bilgini aktarılması ve anlamlandırması açısından, araştırma yazılarının temel bileşeni olduğunu savunmaktadır.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI CUSTOMER LOYALTY SOSIS FARMHOUSE DI DAERAH JABODETABEK
Authors: Rahayu Entus , Yulianti Lilik Noor , Kirbrandoko Kirbrandoko
Published: August 2022

Penelitian merupakan studi kasus mengenai kepuasan dan loyalitas pelanggan produk sosis Farmhouse. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Perceived Quality terhadap Customer Satisfaction dan Brand Image, pengaruh Perceived Quality terhadap Customer Loyalty, pengaruh Brand Image terhadap Customer Satisfaction dan Customer Loyalty, serta pengaruh Customer Satisfaction terhadap Customer Loyalty, dan merumuskan implikasi manajerial yang dapat diterapkan PT. San Miguel Pure Foods Indonesia untuk meningkatkan Customer Loyalty. Penelitian menggunakan metode survey purposive sampling kepada 200 orang responden yang tinggal di daerah Jabodetabek. Hasil analisis SEM menunjukkan Perceived Quality (PQ) berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Brand Image dan Customer Satisfaction, namun tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Customer Loyalty. Brand Image (BI) berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Customer Satisfaction namun tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Customer Loyalty. Customer Satisfaction berpengaruh secara signifikan erhadap Customer Loyalty. Perusahaan harus mampu menjaga kualitas produk tetap baik dan melakukan pengembangan produk sesuai dengan tren dan permintaan pasar saat ini sehingga pelanggan akan loyal.Kata Kunci — Brand Image, Customer Loyalty, Customer Satisfaction, Perceived Quality
PENGARUH KOMITMEN DAN KEPUASAN TERHADAP KINERJA ORGANISASI DIMEDIASI KINERJA INDIVIDU
Authors: Febriana Maria Lourdesta , Ginting Ginta , Lestari Etty Puji
Published: August 2022

Pengelola PT. Pariwisata Goa Jomblang merasa bahwa ada penurunan kinerja organisasi yang dipengaruhi oleh penurunan kinerja individu dari masing-masing karyawan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah komitmen dan kepuasan mempengaruhi kinerja organisasi melalui variabel kinerja individu sebagai variabel intervening. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada karyawan PT. Pariwisata Goa Jomblang dengan sampel berjumlah 40 responden yang diambil dengan menggunakan metode convenience sampling. Variabel independent pada penelitian ini adalah komitmen dan kepuasan kerja, variabel dependen pada penelitian ini adalah kinerja organisasi, serta variabel intervening dalam penelitian ini adalah kinerja individual. Pengukuran variabel dilakukan dengan menggunakan skala likert. Desain Penelitian adalah penelitian asosiatif, yaitu penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara variabel. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Partial Least Square menggunakan SmartPLS 3. Dari hasil analisis dapat dikatakan bahwa komitmen berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja individu, kepuasan kerja berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja individu, komitmen tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja organisasi, kepuasan kerja berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja organisasi, kinerja individu berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja organisasi, kinerja individu tidak memediasi hubungan komitmen terhadap kinerja organisasi, dan kepuasan kerja tidak memediasi hubungan komitmen terhadap kinerja organisasi.Kata Kunci: Komitmen, Kepuasan, Kinerja Individu, Kinerja Organisasi, Variabel Intervening.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR KEUANGAN DI INDONESIA: ANALISIS PANEL DATA
Authors: Syamsiyah Nur , Anita Lella , Nisa Thoyibatun
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kebijakan dividen pada perusahaan sektor keuangan di Indonesia. Variable independent dalam penelitian ini yaitu profitabilitas, leverage, kepemilikan manajerial dan ukuran perusahaan. Sedangkan variable dependen yang digunakan yaitu kebijakan dividen. Hasil penelitian bahwa secara simultan seluruh variabel bebas (leverage, ukuran perusahaan, profitabilitas dan kepemilikan manajerial) berpengaruh terhadap kebijakan dividen (variabel terikat). Persentase pengaruh dari seluruh variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terhadap kebijakan dividen yaitu 72.52%. Sementara sisanya dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yaitu sebesar 27.48%. Secara parsial profitabilitas dan ukuran perusahaan memiliki hubungan positif terhadap kebijakan dividen. Kepemilikan manajerial berhubungan negative dengan kebijakan dividen dan leverage memiliki hubungan positif tetapi tidak signifikanKata Kunci: Profitabilitas, Kepemilikan Manjerial, Leverage, Ukuran Perusahaan, Kebijakan Dividen
ANALISI PANEL DATA DALAM MENGUKUR DETERMINASI FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI NILAI PERUSAHAAN (STUDI PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR PERTANIAN DI INDONESIA)
Authors: Idaman Northa , Ardana Yudhistira
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan sektor pertanian di Indonesia dengan menggunakan model data panel. Ada beberapa keputusan manajemen yang berdampak pada nilai perusahaan, yaitu keputusan untuk melakukan manajemen laba, keputusan dalam penghindaran pajak, dan keputusan kebijakan hutang. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah semua variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini (manajemen laba, penghindaran pajak, dan kebijakan hutang) secara keseluruhan memiliki pengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan. Semua variabel tersebut mempengaruhi nilai perusahaan sebesar 79,43%, sedangkan sisanya 20,57% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain di luar model yang digunakan. Sedangkan secara independen dapat disimpulkan bahwa hutang dan kebijakan manajemen tidak berpengaruh signifikan dan memiliki hubungan negatif dengan nilai perusahaan. Sedangkan variabel penghindaran pajak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dan positif dengan nilai perusahaan.Kata kunci - Nilai Perusahaan, Manajemen Laba, Penghindaran Pajak, Kebijakan Hutang
Dynamic Behavior of Machine Foundations on layered sandy soil under Seismic Loadings
Authors: Allawi Abduljabbar adel , Mohammed Qassun S.
Published: August 2022

In this paper, a dynamic investigation is done for strip, rectangular and square machine foundation at the top surface of two-layer dry sand with various states (i.e., loose on medium sand and dense on medium sand). The dynamic investigation is performed numerically using finite element programming, PLAXIS 3D. The soil is expected as a versatile totally plastic material that complies with the Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion. A harmonic load is applied at the base with an amplitude of 6 kPa at a frequency of (2 and 6) Hz, and seismic is applied with acceleration – time input of earthquake hit Halabjah city north of Iraq. A parametric study is done to evaluate the influence of changing L/B ratio (Length=12,6,3 m and width=3 m), type of sand, and frequency of the machine for soil with two layers (dense and medium sand) and (loose and medium sand). It was noticed that the displacement decreases when the foundation is strip, and has the highest values when the foundation is square. At the same time, the maximum vertical stress of the foundation (L/B = 4 and L/B = 1) appears to be (1262) kPa and (1255) kPa, respectively, due to increasing the foundation mass as a result of increasing its dimensions. Then again, the displacement increases by 20% for vertical displacement when decreasing the relative density. In addition, it has been noticed that there is a decrease in displacement when the frequency value changes from (2 to 6) Hz.
Design and Implementation a Smart System for Monitoring the Electrical Energy based on the Internet of Things
Authors: Ali Jasim Nabaa , ALRkabi Haider
Published: August 2022

In this article, an open source monitoring system based on  Internet of Thing (IoT) is designed to monitor electrical energy consumption. This system provides real-time information about energy consumption over time. To implement this system, sensors were used to measure data, a Raspberry as an application server to display and store data, and microcontrollers to collect information. The process of data transfer via the Internet using the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT (protocol between the microcontroller and the server. Through the experimental results obtained from the proposed system, the voltage, current, active power and power consumption were successfully recorded.
Thermal insulation of walls by using multiple air gaps separated by aluminum sheets
Authors: Hashim Saja , Abdullah Hassan Kareem
Published: August 2022

Thermal insulation in the building walls is an important factor to reduce heat transfer from the external environment, thus reducing the demand for air conditioning and achieving thermal comfort. In order to improve the thermal performance of building walls, the present work aims to construct hollow (double) walls experimentally; which are made of several air layers separated by thin aluminum sheets, and to find the extent of their impact on improving or reducing heat gain. Tests were conducted on a model room of sandwich panel with dimensions of 2 m length and 2 m width, and 2.4 m height (32.5 latitudes) in kut city, Iraq, in August. A hole was drilled in the southwest wall with the following dimensions: (1 m long, 0.3 m wide). Three models of hollow walls with a 6 cm air gap were built in this hole; one was left with a 6 cm air gap (without dividing), the second was divided into two parts by placing a thin sheet of aluminum 1 mm thick, and the third wall's air gap was divided into three parts by placing two thin sheets of aluminum. The experimental results showed that the quantity of heat gain was lowered when the air layers were increased. The heat gain decrease was 11.5 % and 21 %, respectively, when comparing the wall with a cavity of 6 cm (without splitting) with the two walls in which the air gap was divided into two and three layers.
The Effects Of Different Weather Conditions On 5G Millimeter Waves Propagations at 38 GHz and 73 GHz For Kut-City in Iraq
Authors: F. Khazaal Hasan , Saadoon Hawraa , Jamel Thamer
Published: August 2022

It is critical to utilize a good model for predicting acceptable and optimum frequencies while designing and planning for the future generation wireless communications system's channel. This paper explains how the weather conditions affect the strength of the transmitted signal in various environments and circumstances, as well as how the mmWave behaves as it passes through free space and the atmosphere. An NYUSIM simulator package is used for predicting the performance of the channel for two months (January and July). Two frequencies were used, 38 GHz and 73 GHz to test the channel performance and which frequency is the best suited for the Kut city environment. The simulation results shown that an agreement with the 38 GHz for its lower path loss and acceptable received power. The weather database was real and actual obtained from the Iraqi meteorological organization and seismology reports consist of (rain, fog and temperature). The result for both directional and omnidirectional power delay profile showed a great agreement at 38 GHz for the two months (January and July), where the path loss and received power at 38 GHz for January is 127 dB and -47.2 dBm respectively, where for 73 GHz the path loss is 135.4 dB and with a received power of -55.7 dBm. At July the path loss and received power for 38 GHz and 73 GHz is (123 dB, -43.2 dBm) and (130 dB, -43.2 dBm) respectively.
Optimal design of sewage networks for Al-Jaffryah Quarter and Al-Kut Trade Center using genetic algorithms and spectral analysis of the river to know the effect of network waste.
Authors: Kareem Marwa , Shamkhi Mohammed S.
Published: August 2022

The essential objective of this study is the development of an appropriate model to obtain the low cost optimization design of the sewage network. The complexity and the huge number of discrete and non-linear constraints in problems of sewage system design make their treatment important. For this aim, an adaptive model of the Genetic Algorithm (GA) of efficient and effective optimization design with a consistent layout is proposed. The MATLAB code was used to optimize the sewage network for the Al Jafriya neighborhood and Al Kut commercial center. Spectral analysis of the Tigris River was also carried out for the area of the estuaries of the studied network to find out the extent of pollution due to the network being a joint network (rain and sewage). According to the obtained results, the developed model achieved the optimum  solution with the minimum cost and least generations number. It can be also noticed that the estuaries of the studied storm system have a significant influence on the quality of the river water. Thus, this research proposes the implementation and management of an isolated sewage system that is routed to wastewater treatment plants.
GATTACA AS A LENS ON CONTEMPORARY GENETICS Marking 25 years into the film’s “not-too-distant” future
Authors: Ogbunugafor C. Brandon , Edge Michael D.
Published: August 2022

The 1997 film Gattaca has emerged as a canonical pop culture reference used to discuss modern contro-versies in genetics and bioethics. It appeared in theaters a few years prior to the announcement of the“completion” of the human genome (2000), as the science of human genetics was developing a renewedsense of its social implications. The story is set in a near-future world in which parents can, with tech-nological assistance, influence the genetic composition of their offspring on the basis of predicted lifeoutcomes. This moment—25 years after the film’s release—offers an opportunity to reflect on where so-ciety currently stands with respect to the ideas explored in Gattaca. Here, we review and discuss severalactive areas of genetic research—genetic prediction, embryo selection, forensic genetics, and others–thatinterface directly with scenes and concepts in the film. On its silver anniversary, we argue that Gattacaremains an important reflection of society’s expectations and fears with respect to the ways that geneticscience has manifested in the real world. In an accompanying appendix, we offer some thought questionsto guide group discussions inside and outside of the classroom.
The “partial innocence” effect: False guilty pleas to partially unethical behaviors
Authors: Cardenas Stephanie Aurora , Sanchez Patty , Kassin Saul
Published: August 2022

Although research has focused on the “innocence problem”, “partial innocence” may also plague individuals who plead guilty to crimes they did not commit, but that are either comparable, more severe, or less severe than their actual crimes. Using a high-stakes experimental paradigm and an immersive role-playing paradigm, we examined the psychology of experimentally-induced partial innocence on plea decisions. Participants were randomly induced to be either wholly innocent, guilty, or partially innocent of committing an academic transgression and then given the choice to accept or reject a plea deal to avoid disciplinary sanction. Partially innocent participants pled to cheating nearly as often as guilty participants and vastly more often than innocent participants. Partially innocent participants—not unlike guilty participants—experienced greater feelings of guilt than did innocent participants. In turn, these feelings of guilt, but not shame, were associated with taking responsibility for comparable, less severe, and more severe transgressions not committed.
Religious Service Attendance in Adolescents is associated with lower levels of C-Reactive Protein, a marker of inflammation
Authors: Xie Angela , Boettner Bethany , Wilson Kenra , Bai Ping , Browning Christopher , Ford Jodi , Way Baldwin
Published: August 2022

Meta-analysis in older adults has shown that religious service attendance is associated with lower mortality rates. Elevated systemic inflammation, as denoted by biomarkers such as C-Reactive Protein (CRP), appears to be a potential contributor to this effect. Such health effects appear to be particularly robust in racial and ethnic minority groups. However, comparatively little research has addressed this topic in adolescents. Therefore, we examined the relationship between CRP and measures of religiosity in a group of adolescents (n=231) that were racially diverse (51% Black adolescents). Self-reported religiosity measures were taken during an in-home visit and blood samples were taken during a laboratory visit. Religious service attendance was associated with decreased levels of CRP, an effect that held after adjusting for demographic, health, and medication covariates. There was an association between religious importance and CRP that weakened when adjusting for these same covariates. There was no evidence that these associations were different for different racial groups. In conclusion, despite the changing religious landscape amongst adolescents in the United States, in so far as CRP is a reliable health biomarker, there appear to be health benefits associated with religious service attendance for adolescents
Aeroponics
Authors: Dutta Anurag , Kumar Pijush Kanti
Published: August 2022

Aeroponics is the process of growing plants in an air or mist environment without the use of soil or an aggregate medium. In other words, it is the whole plant, roots and all, are suspended in midair.The word Aeroponics is derived from two Latin words aero (meaning air) and ponos (meaning labour). The basic principle of aeroponic growing is to grow plants suspended in a closed or semi-closed environment by spraying the plant's dangling roots and lower stem with an atomized or sprayed, nutrient-rich water solution. The leaves and crown, often called the canopy, extend above. The roots of the plant are separated by the plant support structure. Often, closed-cell foam is compressed around the lower stem and inserted into an opening in the aeroponic chamber, which decreases labor and expense; for larger plants, trellising is used to suspend the weight of vegetation and fruit. Ideally, the environment is kept free from pests and disease so that the plants may grow healthier and more quickly than plants grown in a medium. However, since most aeroponic environments are not perfectly closed off to the outside, pests and disease may still cause a threat. Controlled environments advance plant development, health, growth, flowering and fruiting for any given plant species and cultivars. Due to the sensitivity of root systems, aeroponics is often combined with conventional hydroponics, which is used as an emergency "crop saver" – backup nutrition and water supply – if the aeroponic apparatus fails. High-pressure aeroponics is defined as delivering nutrients to the roots via 20–50 micrometer mist heads using a high-pressure (80 pounds per square inch (550 kPa))
Evaluation of perceived stress and its correlation with personality traits in undergraduate students
Authors: Shanmukha Varalakshmi Vangara  , Anita Kumari  , Dhananjay Kumar
Published: August 2022

Background: Stress is a normal psychological, physiological, and behavioral response of any individual. It is the struggle of an individual to cope up with the situation doing more than one’s ability. It can lead to ill health over a period of time, if ignored. Personality refers to one’s behavior toward the environment and oneself. Stress can regulate personality of an individual. It may create great impact on their educational and emotional behavior in student’s life. It is essential to identify and counsel the students undergoing excessive stress and having negative personality.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate perceived stress and correlate it with personality traits in undergraduate students. (i) To evaluate perceived stress in undergraduate students using Perceived Stress Scale (ii) To evaluate personality traits using Eysenck Personality Inventory Scale (iii) To classify students having different personality traits (iv) To correlate perceived stress levels with different personality traits.
Materials and Methods: This study evaluates perceived stress and personality in 130 nursing and paramedical students attending a corporate college. Two scales – EPI scale proposed and PSS were used. Mean, standard deviation, and Pearson’s correlation were calculated to determine the relationship between personality traits and perceived stress.
Results: Mean values of neuroticism, extraversion, and lie score are greater in males than in females. Females had statistically significant higher mean stress values than males. Majority of the students were under moderate stress with 72.6% and 81.1% among male and female subjects, respectively. On comparison, percentage of neuroticism cases was higher in females (49.1%) than males (35.6%). More introvert percentages were found in male subjects compared to females. More ambivert percentages were noted in females than in males. Percentage reliability was greater in females compared to males.
Conclusion: This study reveals that higher the neurotic factor greater is the perceived stress and higher the values of extraversion lower are the perceived stress values. Gender differences were noticeable in perceived stress. Hence, the aspect of counseling can be adopted accordingly to understand the psychology of the fresher’s and modulate their mind set to help them cope with academic and personal life situations in an efficient way.
Efficacy of intravenous dexmedetomidine versus intraperitoneal dexmedetomidine in laparoscopic cholecystectomy – A prospective randomized double-blinded study
Authors: Kandi Sumati , Panigraghy Laxmi Kanta , Dhamudia Harish chandra , Patel Pradipta Kumar , Sethi Panchanana
Published: August 2022

Background: Dexmedetomidine now has become one of the frequently used drugs as part of a multimodal analgesic regimen to provide improved pain control at all perioperative stages for laparoscopic surgeries.
Aims and Objectives: In this prospective, double-blind, randomized, and control trial, we compared the postoperative analgesic efficacy of intravenous (IV) dexmedetomidine and intraperitoneal (IP) dexmedetomidine in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Materials and Methods: Sixty patients of the American Society of Anesthesiologists Grade I and II undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were allocated into two groups. The patients in Group-IV had received 30 ml of 0.5 μg/kg Dexmedetomidine infusion intravenously plus 40 ml of Ropivacaine (30 mL of 0.5% Ropivacaine and 10 ml NS) intraperitoneally and in Group-IP received 30 ml NS intravenously and 40 ml of Ropivacaine plus Dexmedetomidine (30 mL of 0.5% Ropivacaine and 0.5 μg/kg Dexmedetomidine diluted in 10 ml NS) intraperitoneally after removal of the gallbladder. Patients were assessed during the first 24 h postoperatively for time to the first requirement of analgesia, total analgesic consumption, sedation, hemodynamics, side effects, and patient satisfaction.
Results: Time to first request of analgesia (min) was longer (216.46±42.19 vs. 108.03±48.77) and total analgesic consumption (mg) was lower (92.50±32.26 vs 115.0±38.056) in Group-IV than in Group-IP. A significant difference was observed in visual analogue score in Group-IV at 1 h, 2 h, 4 h postoperatively and in the patient satisfaction score (P=0.024) in comparison to Group-IP.
Conclusion: The postoperative analgesic effects and patient satisfaction, of low dose IV Dexmedetomidine plus IP instillation of Ropivacaine, are superior to low dose IP Dexmedetomidine added to Ropivacaine.
Study the association of the cardiac risk indices and high sensitive C-reactive protein for Type 2 diabetes patients in tertiary care hospital, Puducherry
Authors: Suresh Pichandi  , Janakiraman P  , Muraliswaran P  , Prabhu G
Published: August 2022

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder with hyperglycemia. Dyslipidemia associated with DM patient and contributing to atherovascular events and increases the likelihood of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in future. Measurement of inflammatory marker like hs-CRP will improve the prediction of the risk of these events. This study aimed to assess the cardiac risk indices and determine their association with hs-CRP in diabetic patients.
Aims and Objectives: This study is aimed to assess the association of the cardiac risk indices and hs-CRP in diabetic patients.
Materials and Methods: This study included each 125 subjects of Type 2 diabetic patients and healthy control. The anthropometric parameters (BMI and WHR) and blood parameters such as fasting glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile (total cholesterol, TGL, HDL, and LDL), hs-CRP, and microalbumin were measured. Cardiac risk indices calculated from lipid profile.
Results: High cardiac risk indices were observed in diabetic subjects. The cardiac risk indices were showed that significant positive correlation with BMI, fasting sugar, HbA1c, total cholesterol, TGL, LDL and HDL shows negative correlation. Furthermore, hs-CRP and microalbumin showed significant positive correlation with cardiac risk indices in Type 2 DM patients.
Conclusion: The increased in values of cardiac risk indices in diabetic patients shows increasing the susceptibility of CVD in these patients in future. The correlation of indices values with hs-CRP (inflammatory marker)shows the direct association of inflammation with CVD risks in Type 2 DM patients. Screening of these indices among diabetic patients will help the propensity of future development of CVD which can be arrested by encouragement of healthy lifestyle.
Evaluation of p-nitrobenzoic acid using Lowenstein–Jensen medium and rapid immunochromatographic test for early differentiation between Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and non-tuberculous mycobacteria
Authors: Obulesu Gundala  , Praveen Kumar V  , Ramanesh Murthy  , Salma Mahaboob R
Published: August 2022

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium africanum, Mycobacterium canetti, and Mycobacterium microti are all members of the MTB complex [MTBC], which cause tuberculosis. Mycobacteria other than TB also known as non-tuberculous mycobacteria [NTM].
Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to see how accurate and efficient the MPT64 Ag fast test and Lowenstein–Jensen (LJ) medium with p-Nitrobenzoic acid (PNB) was in differentiating MTB and NTM.
Materials and Methods: This Prospective cross-sectional, diagnostic study was conducted in the department of Microbiology,Chalamadaanandarao Medical college, Karimnagar, Telangana. India. The study was conducted from September 2020 to September 2021. The study was preapproved by the Institutional ethical and research committee.
Results: PNB inhibits the growth of MTBC, whereas NTM species were resistant. MPT64 is a protein antigen secreted specifically by the members of MTBC. This study was carried out to establish the accuracy and efficiency of LJ medium with PNB and MPT64 immunochromatography test (ICT) in differentiation between MTB and NTM. Of the 426 culture positive isolates tested, 382 (89.67%) were recovered from pulmonary specimens and 44 (10.32) from extrapulmonary sources. Of the 426 isolates tested for the presence of MPT64 antigen, 407 (95.53%) were found positive for ICT test. Whereas, 18 (4.22%) isolate and were considered as NTM and 408 as MTBC (95.77%) by selective inhibition by PNB in LJ medium.
Conclusion: According to our findings, the SDbioline kit is a fast, accurate, and reliable approach for separating MTB from NTM for TB management. MPT64ICT results were compared to culture smear results, which was particularly informative in the situation of MPT64ICT negative isolates with liquid cultures.
Comparison of balanced anesthesia in spine surgery with dexmedetomidine added to sevoflurane and dexmedetomidine added to desflurane on recovery profile
Authors: Chinchkar Richa , Nilesh J Chinchkar  , Patil Archana Ashish
Published: August 2022

Background: Spine surgery is challenging to anesthesiologist due to various factors. It is important to provide intraoperative hemodynamic stability, clear surgical field and a conscious, and pain free comfortable patient post-operative. Sevoflurane and desflurane provide rapid recovery. Dexmedetomidine provides sedation, stable, hemodynamics and analgesia. Dexmedetomidine has become an integral part of balanced anesthesia along with inhalational anesthetics in spine surgery.
Aims and Objectives: Our study was done to compare recovery profile of sevoflurane and desflurane with dexmedetomidine and compare total dose of dexmedetomidine required in both the groups.
Materials and Methods: Sixty ASA I-II patients undergoing spine surgery were randomly divided into two groups: Group A – Sevoflurane + Dexmedetomidine and Group B – Desflurane + Dexmedetomidine. Postoperatively, time to eye opening and extubation time was measured. The patient was shifted to post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) 10 min after extubation. Fast-track criteria (FTC) score was assessed for 1 h post-extubation in PACU.
Results: Mean time to eye opening in Group A: 13.07±2.08 min which was significantly longer than in Group B: 9.17±2.23 min (P<0.05). Similarly, mean extubation time was shorter in Group B than in Group A, 12.77±2.50 min versus 17.83±2.68 min, respectively (P<0.05). FTC score was significantly higher in Group B as compared to Group A at all times (P<0.05), except at 60 min, when it was similar (P=1.000). Discharge criteria from PACU in all patients were achieved at 15 min in Group B, while in Group A, it was achieved at 30 min.
Conclusion: We found that desflurane and dexmedetomidine combination is superior to sevoflurane and dexmedetomidine in time to eye opening and extubation time. Higher post-anesthesia recovery score (FTC score) is seen in desflurane/dexmedetomidine group than sevoflurane/dexmedetomidine group.
The morphology and incidence of the accessory foramen transversarium in human dried cervical vertebrae as well as their clinical significance in the Eastern Indian population
Authors: Rakesh Ranjan  , Md. Zahid Hussain  , Soni Kumari  , Vijay Kumar Singh  , Rashmi Prasad
Published: August 2022

Background: A characteristic feature of the cervical vertebrae (C1–C7) is the presence of a foramen tranversarium on the transverse process. The cervical vertebrae are the smallest in size as compared to the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae and are characterized by a foramen in each transverse process, which is not found in any other vertebra. Except for the seventh cervical vertebra, which transmits only the vertebral vein, this foramen transmits the vertebral artery, vein, and sympathetic nerves (a branch from the cervicothoracic ganglion) in all cervical vertebrae. Any deviation in the development of the foramen transversarium (FT) causes changes in the course, relationships, and structure (stenosis and lumen narrowing) of the vertebral artery and its associated structures.
Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to establish the location, shape, size, and incidence of accessory FT in dry humancervical vertebrae of Eastern Indian population.
Materials and Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted on 170 dry cervical vertebrae (Typical-123 and Atypical-47) of unknown sex and age after getting approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Range, frequencies, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and P value were calculated. P<0.05 was taken as significant.
Results: The foramen tranversarium in the transverse process is present in all 170 cervical vertebrae examined. Of the 170 cervicalvertebrae, the accessory FT is found in 24 (14.12%) of the vertebrae. In both typical and atypical cervical vertebrae, the accessory FT is more common on the right side. On the axis vertebra, no accessory FT was found.
Conclusion: Understanding the accessary FT and the considerable variation in different cervical vertebrae (C1-C7) in terms of their size, shape, and number of FT are essential for routine spine surgical procedures in the cervical region to avoid post-operative complications. This study is also important for the teaching and acknowledgement of undergraduate and postgraduate students in anatomy as well as in orthopedics, neurosurgery, and radiology departments.