bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Super-opposition spiral dynamic-based fuzzy control for an inverted pendulum system
Authors: Abdul Razak Ahmad Azwan , Kasruddin Nasir Ahmad Nor , Abd Ghani Nor Maniha
Published: August 2022

This paper presents a hybrid spiral dynamic algorithm with a super-opposition spiral dynamic algorithm (SOSDA) strategy. An improvement on the spiral dynamic algorithm (SDA), this method uses a concept centered on opposition-based learning, which is used to evaluate the fitness of agents at the opposite location to the current solution. The SDA is a simple-structured and deterministic type of algorithm, which also performs competitively in terms of solution accuracy. However, its deterministic characteristic means the SDA suffers premature convergence caused by the unbalanced diversification and intensification during its search procedure. Thus, the algorithm fails to achieve highly accurate solutions. It is proposed that adopting super-opposition into the SDA would enable the deterministic and random techniques to complement one another. The SOSDA was tested on four benchmark functions and compared to the original SDA. To analyze the result statistically, the Friedman and Wilcoxon tests were conducted. Furthermore, the SOSDA was applied to optimize the parameters of an interval type-2 fuzzy logic control (IT2FLC) for an inverted pendulum (IP). The statistical results produced by the SOSDA for both benchmark functions and the IP show that the proposed algorithm significantly outperformed the SDA. The SOSDA-based IT2FLC scheme also produced better IP responses than the SDA-based IT2FLC.
PSO based multilevel MRI compression using compressive sensing
Authors: Tashan Tariq , K. Kadhim Ahmed
Published: August 2022

A multilevel compression method, for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images, is presented in this paper. First, the image is segmented into frames of equal size. Then, the sparsity of each frame is computed. Based on the sparsity index value, each frame is compressive sensing (CS) compressed/reconstructed at one level of four. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used to optimize the amount of information to be used in the CS reconstruction process, and to optimize the sparsity thresholds, that separate the different compression levels. Two-dimensional sigmoid function is suggested as a fitness function for the PSO. Six MRI images are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The results show considerable gain in both peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and compression level (CL), when compared to single level compression, which is commonly considered in the literature.
Measurement and analysis of conductor surface temperature in dependence of current variation
Authors: Hlal Mutlaq Ali , Ali Ahmed Mahmood , Ali Hameed Diadeen , Thiab Hasan Ghanim
Published: August 2022

The reliability and service life of power cables is closely related to the cable ampacity and temperature rise in the power cable. In a conductor carries AC current, complex processes may appear, which directly affect the temperature of the conductor surface. So, to keep a conductor in a good state, it is necessary to maintain the conductor temperature in a acceptable value. In this paper, a procedure for measuring the temperature of conductor surface and the corresponding numerical processing of measurement results has been presented. The measurement of the temperature probe characteristics and the temperature measurement on the surface of the conductor, both required the use of certain numerical methods, such as interpolation and fitting of the measured values in time diagrams. The procedure was applied to three copper conductors with different cross section area and one aluminum conductor and the final results are presented graphically, in the form of time diagrams.
Measurement and assessment of mobile network electromagnetic radiation pollution in Ramadi, Iraq
Authors: S. Zaidan Mohammed , Qasim Taha Mohammed , Abdulhameed Yaseen Linha , Dawood Hameed Namariq , N. Abid Qais
Published: August 2022

The electromagnetic radiation produced by cellular towers in Ramadi city, west of Iraq, is measured and analyzed in this research. This contains basic nodes, hub repeaters, and feeders for transmitting the carrier throughout the entire Ramadi city as well as the surrounding areas. As a result, this research focused on this area to measure and assess energy to determine if it is safe for people or has over the danger threshold. The study region was split into fifty-five mobile phone tower locations. In general, electric field intensity levels surpass 1.7 V/m, which is dangerous and should be reduced. However, apart from a few sites (2, 3, 35, 36, 45, 51, and 53), the magnetic field intensity and radiation density are acceptable based on the findings. The energy severity criteria are based on LATNEX corporation's guidelines.
Driver drowsiness monitoring system based on facial Landmark detection with convolutional neural network for prediction
Authors: Albasrawi Roaa , F. Fadhil Fajer , Ghazal Mohammed Talal
Published: August 2022

Several factors often contribute to car accidents, most of them caused by human error, and the most notable are drowsiness, fatigue, distracted driving, and alcohol. Although self-driving cars are the best solution to save human lives and avoid car accidents, they are expensive. The roads in many countries are not prepared for the movement of this type of car. Scare new technologies included in modern cars, such as backup cameras and sensors, contributed to keeping drivers safer in this paper. A driver monitoring system is based on determining the driver’s face’s main points, which provide the required vital information for face analysis. The EfficientNet convolutional neural network (ConvNet) model is used for facial landmarks prediction, which is employed to detect face drowsiness and fatigue in real-time. The system is trained to detect multiple traits, including facial expressions, yawning and head poses. The results show that employing facial landmarks will assist in efficiently producing eyes and mouth features, which can assist in appropriately creating models to analyze drowsiness. Due to this, the proposed safety features are applicable and available in future vehicles.
A new modified grasshopper optimization algorithm
Authors: Y. Abdalla Abdulkareem , Y. Abdalla Turki
Published: August 2022

The grasshopper algorithm (GOA) is a recent algorithm. It is widely used in many applications and results in a good solution. The algorithm is simple and the accuracy in very high. The GOA has some limitations due to the use of linear comfort zone parameter that causes some difficulties in balancing between the exploration and exploitation which may lead to fall in a local optimum. In this paper a modification is made to improve the operation of GOA. A nonlinear function is developed to replace the linear comfort zone parameter. The benchmark of GOA authors is used for testing the performance improvement of the suggested modified GOA compared to the basic GOA. Results indicate that the MGOA outperforms original GOA, presenting a higher accuracy, faster convergence, and stronger stability. The proposed new modified GOA performs better than the original GOA.
Comparison of different methods to face the huge increase in future load in power distribution network
Authors: Bnyan Abood Salam , Abdul Wahhab Thamir M.
Published: August 2022

The main challenge of present distribution networks is the huge increase in demand for electricity especially in city center where the demand is increasing vertically for the same geographical area. This work presents the analyses of 5-Mail distribution network in Basra City/Iraq with conventional system 33/11/0.416 kV, at future load by estimating the increase in load 10 years later. The network is analyzed in terms of voltage drop, power losses, and the feeder loading. To improve the network the 33/11/0.416 kV system is re-analyzed at the expected future load using the optimal reconfiguration of the network or adding capacitor placement to reduce losses and voltage drop. The results of these methods are compared with the results of the network re-analyzed using the proposed 33/0.416 kV system at future load. The results show that the proposed method of upgrading the voltage level of distribution network is the best solution. The GIS software is used to locate the distribution transformers and lying of the underground cables. CYME software is used to simulate the electric distribution system and conduct the load flow and other analyses.The GIS software is used to locate the distribution transformers and lying of the underground cables. CYME software is used to simulate the electric distribution system and conduct the load flow and other analyses.
Wideband improvement for hybrid plasmonic fractal patch nanoantenna
Authors: Taleb Hussein Refat , Ibrahem Abood Dheif
Published: August 2022

A wideband improvement for hybrid plasmonic fractal patch nanoantenna is presented for use in intra/inter chip optical interconnects. The suggested fractal patch antenna covering a part of U-band (1625-1675), L-band (1565-1625nm), C-band (1530-¬1565nm), S-band (1460-1530nm), E-band (1360-1460nm) and most of O-band (1260-1360nm) optical communication bands. The proposed antenna has a promising future use in inter and intra chip optical communications to eliminate electrical interconnection limitations such as interconnect density, power consumption and also increasing data rate. The performance of this antenna has been evaluated using full wave simulation computer simulation technology (CST) Microwave software. The impedance bandwidth is largely enhanced by applying rectangular fractal cuts to the both sides of patch. The proposed antenna achieves a wider bandwidth from 168 THz to 228 THz (B.W.=60 THz), which is about 8 times greater the bandwidth of reference antenna with a good gain and more than 95% radiation efficiency throughout the operational bandwidth.
Proportional-integral-derivative controller design for time-delay systems via stability region centroid
Authors: Ajiboye Aye Taiwo , Opadiji Jayeola Femi , Popoola Olusogo Joshua , Yusuf Abdulrahman Olalekan , Adebayo Olalekan Femi , Olawole Esther Toyin
Published: August 2022

Design of proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller with proportional, integral, and derivative gains given by ,  and  respectively, for time-delay systems is presented in this study. The centroid of the convex stability region (CCSR) method in the -  plane for fixed  is used. PID controller design for time-delay systems in the -  plane for a fixed  and -  plane for a fixed  have been extensively researched. Despite the amenability of CCSR method to design of PID controller in the -  plane for fixed , its application in this regard has not been given serious attention. The stability region in -  plane for fixed  was determined and the required controller gains in the region were determined using the CCSR method. Using the determined controller gains, the system closed loop unit step response for all the considered regions was plotted on same axes. Based on the obtained results, different combinations of controller gains can be implemented depending on the system time domain performance measures (TDPMs) requirements. However, selection of an appropriate controller gains combinations, requires compromise among any of the conflicting TDPMs.
Design and characterization of an RF reused energy system for nano-devices
Authors: Al-Mumen Haider , Abdulkadhim Hamad Ahmed
Published: August 2022

In this work a simple, high conversion efficiency, and high output voltage energy harvesting device was designed and simulated. The harvesting device consists of microstrip antennas, matching and rectifier circuits. Both mono patch and array antennas are designed to be operated at 5.8 GHz. The simulation work was implemented using central standard time (CST) studio. Results showed an accepted return loss and high gain. To more elevate the device gain and then to obtain greater output energy, an array of microstrip antennas was designed. To convert the radio frequency (RF) energy to dc output voltage, a rectifier, which consists of a voltage doubter and schottky diodes was designed using advanced design system (ADS) simulator. Furthermore, to achieve 50 Ω impedance, a matching circuit was designed by adjusting the microstrip line patterns. The output voltage of the device was 6.2 V at input power 20 dBm and 560 Ω load resistance.
SMPP-CBIR: shorted and mixed aggregated image features for privacy-preserving content-based image retrieval
Authors: Lazim Lafta Ali , I. Abdulsada Ayad
Published: August 2022

Thanks to recent breakthroughs in photographic and digital technology, enormous amounts of image data are generated daily. Many content-based image retrieval (CBIR) systems have been developed for searching image collections. However, these systems need more computer and storage resources that can be met by cloud servers, since they supply a lot of processing power at a reasonable price. The protection of users' personal information is a worry for image owners since cloud services are not exactly trustworthy. In this paper, we suggest and put into practice a CBIR (SMPP-CBIR) technique for searching and retrieving ciphertext information that protects security. Asymmetric scalar-product-preserving encryption process (ASPE) is used to preserve aggregated mixed feature vectors while still enabling computation between them to describe the related picture collection. The k-means clustering algorithm is used to recursively arrange all encrypted attributes into a tree index in order to speed up search times. The findings show that SMPP-CBIR is more scalable, more precise, and faster in indexing and retrieval than earlier systems.
The multi-tenancy queueing system “QuAntri” for public service mall
Authors: Suwarningsih Wiwin , Heryana Ana , Riswantini Dianadewi , Nugraheni Ekasari , Krisnandi Dikdik
Published: August 2022

In the new-normal era, public services must make various adjustments to keep the community safe during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Public Service Mall is an initiative to put several public services offices in a centralized location. However, it will create a crowd of people who want access to public service. This paper evaluates multi-tenant models with the rapid adaptation of cloud computing technology for all organizations' shapes and sizes, focusing on multi-tenants and multi-services, where each tenant might have multiple services to offer. We also proposed a multi-tenant architecture that can serve queues in several places to prevent the spread of COVID-19 due to the crowd of people in public places. The design of multi-tenants and multi-services applications should consider various aspects such as security, database, data communication, and user interface. We designed and built the "QuAntri'' business logic to simplify the process for multi-services in each tenant. The developed system is expected to improve tenants' performance and reduce the crowd in the public service. We compared our agile method for system development with some of the previous multi-tenant architectures. Our experiments showed that our method overall is better than the referenced model-view-controller (MVC), model-view-presenter (MVP), and model-model-view-presenter (M-MVP).
Enhanced Taguchi’s T-method using angle modulated Bat algorithm for prediction
Authors: Marlah Marlan Zulkifli , Ramlie Faizir , Rijal Jamaludin Khairur , Harudin Nolia
Published: August 2022

Analysis of multivariate historical information in predicting future state or unknown outcomes is the core function of Taguchi’s T-method. Introduced by Dr. Genichi Taguchi under Mahalanobis-Taguchi system, the T-method combines regression principle and robust quality engineering element in formulating a predictive model and employs taguchi’s orthogonal array design in optimizing the model through feature or variable selection process. There is a concern regarding the sub-optimality of the T-method prediction accuracy, particularly when the orthogonal array failed to offer a significant number of combinations in search for an optimal subset of features. This is due to the fixed and limited combination offered for evaluation as well as the lack of higher-order interaction of combination. In response to this issue, this paper proposed an angle modulated Bat algorithm to be integrated with the T-method in optimizing the prediction model. A comparison study was conducted using energy efficiency benchmark datasets with the mean absolute error metric used as the performance measure. The results show that the proposed method improved the prediction accuracy by 10.74%, from 6.05 to 5.4, by integrating only four features over the original eight in the prediction model.
Pre-service EFL teachers’ perception on educational video production technology: A needs analysis
Authors: Avifah I'anatul , Al Fajri Muchamad Sholakhuddin
Published: August 2022

This study conducted a needs analysis by investigating the perceptions of Indonesian pre-service English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers and in-service lecturers about instructional media development and the potential of educational video production for EFL teacher education. This research was conducted with a number of respondents from pre-service teachers who took instructional materials or media development course (IMALT/IMALD) and computer-assisted language learning (CALL) and lecturers including the program director of language education department in Indonesian universities. The results suggested that the design of the workshop should be devised as constructive learning with a focus on project-based learning to help teacher candidates develop their skills in employee value proposition (EVP). The workshop is also suggested to provide some examples of today’s educational video to bring into the discussion. In terms of the course design, the participants suggested some intended topics to learn, which are learning objectives and strategies, camera work, pedagogic approaches for video production, additional creative aids in video production and pre- and post-production phase of EVP.
Initial perception of junior high students on ethnomathematics-based online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Mumpuni Rona Happy , Marsigit Marsigit
Published: August 2022

This research aimed to determine the students' initial perception in Islamic-based junior high school and Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs) in Yogyakarta toward ethnomathematics-based online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. The descriptive quantitative method was employed through a questionnaire for data collection followed by descriptive statistical analysis. The research population were 600 junior high students and MTs in Yogyakarta. The instrument was validated by expert judgment and proved reliable as research means with Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient of 0.873. Results indicated students' perception in several categories: strongly positive by 7% or 42 students, positive by 23% or 138 students, moderate by 40.67% or 244 students, negative by 24% or 144 students, and strongly negative by 5.33% or 32 students. The general conclusion was that junior high and MTs students in Yogyakarta had moderate initial perception toward ethnomathematics-based online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Academic achievement and self-regulated learning from parent’s perspective of student with learning difficulties
Authors: Ziadat Ayed Hanna , Sakarneh Mohammad Abed
Published: August 2022

The study was designed to realize the association between academic achievement and self-regulated learning of students presenting learning difficulties. Therefore, the study adopted a quantitative approach and distributed the developed questionnaire to over 384 participants. The results reported underscored worsen achievement of students in distance learning compared to face-to-face setting despite the assistance they received during distance settings. The achievement of students differs due to the category of difficulty. Students presenting learning difficulties exhibited medium acquisition level of self-regulated learning. Elementary stage students exhibited a higher level of self-regulated learning, while female students exhibited a higher level of self-efficacy, metacognitive, micro-strategies, and emotional support. There is a strong association combined between students’ achievement and self-regulated learning. Furthermore, the study revealed a difference in self-regulated learning due to students’ gender, difficulty categories, and grade. Future studies can opt for specific self-regulated learning strategies according to subjects' particularism, such as mathematic material or specific age groups using the self-assessment tool.
Examining religiosity to determine student ethical behavior intention
Authors: Susilowati Nurdian , Aeni Ida Nur , Wijaya Angga Pandu
Published: August 2022

Religiosity remains a black box in educational research; only a few studies conducted regarding religiosity. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine some variables on students’ religiosity. This article attempts to determine the influence of attitude, injunctive norm, moral norm, and perceived behavioral control on student's ethical behavioral intention through religiosity. There were 273 education students from several higher education in Indonesia participated in this study. Questionnaire was used to collect data, while path analysis was used to analyze the data. The results found that injunctive norm, perceived behavioral control, and religiosity directly affected the intention of ethical behavioral. Besides, there was no direct effect between attitude and moral norms and the intention of ethical behavioral. Then, religiosity competent to become the intervening variable of attitude, injunctive norm, moral norm, perceived behavioral control on ethical behavioral intention. The paper can explain the black box that found attitude of a student was influenced by their religiosity or faith and belief. Other than attitude and moral norms, the stronger the religiosity could help students to create a good behavior.
The role of entrepreneurial education and Islamic values matter
Authors: Wibowo Agus , Widjaja Sri Umi Mintarti , Utomo Sugeng Hadi , Kusumojanto Djoko Dwi , Wardoyo Cipto , Narmaditya Bagus Shandy , Wardana Ludi Wishnu
Published: August 2022

This paper traces how the Islamic values drive entrepreneurship education and intention for entrepreneurship, as well as examines the moderating role of the entrepreneurial mindset. We adopted structural equation modeling-partial least squares (SEM-PLS) to gain detailed information on how the connectivity among variables. This study involved 381 students in several Islamic boarding schools who incorporated entrepreneurial practices. The findings indicated that Islamic values are highly incorporated with entrepreneurial intention, entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial mindset of Islamic boarding schools. This study also confirmed that there is a rigorously significant between entrepreneurship education, mindset, and students’ entrepreneurial intentions. Lastly, this paper notes that the mindset of entrepreneurship plays a pivotal role in mediating Islamic value and entrepreneurship education with regard to students’ entrepreneurial intention. This work offers Islamic values as a contextual factor that greatly influences the enhancement of Islamic boarding school students’ intentions.
Iraqi EFL teachers’ perception towards Google Classroom
Authors: Ugla Raed Latif , Abdullah Mohammed Najim
Published: August 2022

Nowadays, information technology (IT) based educational applications (Moodle, Google Classroom, and Zoom) are available for both teachers and students. This study aimed to identify Iraqi English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers’ perception towards using Google Classroom at the university level. A qualitative research design (case study) was employed in this study. The researcher asked six Iraqi EFL teachers as volunteers to participate in this study. Those participants are working at different Iraqi universities. A semi-structured interview was used to get the data from those participants. Six phases of analysis were adopted to analyze the elicited data. The results revealed that Google Classroom is very important in EFL teaching and learning at tertiary level. This application has many advantages in teaching EFL students such as it enables students to find the lectures whenever they need them, encourages students to participate, speak, and comment freely and effectively without hesitations especially those who have some psychological problems like shyness. On the other hand, it has many disadvantages too such as it focuses on listening, writing, and watching skills and ignores the direct interaction between teachers and students, which could take place in the normal classes. 
Video-based multimedia on learners’ attitude towards astrophysics: Gender equity and school location
Authors: Tugirinshuti Gabriel Janvier , Mugabo Leon Rugema , Banuza Alexis
Published: August 2022

Educational literature is richly provided with research confirming the benefits of video-based multimedia (VBM) in education. So, understanding learners’ attitude about learning using video-based multimedia makes sense. A convergent parallel mixed methods research design was used to analyze and interpret learners’ attitudes in the context of learning astrophysics using video-based multimedia. The research involved 294 students (168 male and 126 female) of senior five (grade 11) who purposively selected from eight public secondary schools in Rutsiro and Rubavu districts, Rwanda. Data were collected using a questionnaire (Cronbach alpha=.87), a semi-structured interview, and class observation. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-test (P  level of significance) while content analysis was employed to analyze qualitative data. The findings revealed that there is no significant difference between male and female attitudes towards the use of video-based multimedia in learning astrophysics. Besides, the geographical location of the school influences the learners’ attitude. The results revealed some factors that affect learners’ attitudes towards learning astrophysics using video-based multimedia. Moreover, the findings recommend how the identified challenges could be alleviated not only in the Rwandan but in other science subjects worldwide. 
The validity and reliability of quality improvement and accreditation system instrument in managing childcare center
Authors: Ismail Siti Noor , Ab Rahman Faizahani , Zain Farah Mohamad , Yaacob Aizan
Published: August 2022

Quality improvement and accreditation system (QIAS) instrument was developed to determine the quality management practices level in childcare centers in Malaysia. This study was conducted in Kedah, Penang, and Kelantan to intricate the reliability and validity of the instrument. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and item reliability analysis have been used to measure the level of reliability and authenticity of the questionnaires. Further, inter-rater reliability (IRR) test was used to obtain expert confirmation of the reliability, validity and credibility of the instrument. All the seven constructs possessed high reliability index value between 0.87–0.92. Similarly, EFA analysis showed that there are seven dimensions exist in the QIAS instrument with factor loading ranged from 0.64–0.88. The findings also showed that the variance explained in the data is 64.46% with Eigenvalue more than 1. These results reflecting that all the item are accepted with a high verification. In addition, a very high reliability coefficient value, α=0.93 and inter-rater reliability of 91% indicated a high level of agreement and reliability among field evaluators. The results proved that this QIAS instrument had high validity and reliability and was capable to measure the quality management practices level in Malaysian childcare center.
Perceptions of, and attitudes towards, English teaching and learning in Cameroon’s technical education
Authors: Fasse Innocent Mbouya , Takam Alain Flaubert
Published: August 2022

This study examined the current practices, difficulties and impacts of English as second official language (ESOL) teaching and learning in secondary schools in Cameroon. It investigated the perceptions and attitudes of students, teachers and parents towards the teaching and learning of ESOL, including prevailing teaching and learning practices. This study stemmed from the observation that the exit profile of most students in technical secondary schools does not correspond to the official exit profile set out by the Ministry of Secondary Education (MINESEC). It was therefore necessary to survey students, parents, and teachers with the goal of identifying areas of concern and proposing remedial solutions. Responses of these key stakeholders selected in four education institutions (including two technical high schools and two general high schools) to questionnaires have provided data for the study. Such responses offered insights into the current situation in Cameroon’s ESOL, as well as into the possible utility of, and desire for, the development of ESOL courses aimed at students learning in technical schools. The inclusion and development of English for specific purposes (ESP) in Cameroon’s ESOL teaching and learning could help bring education stakeholders and policymakers closer to what they want to see from the country’s ESOL program.
The role of teachers and parents to improve children’s motivational learning in pandemic situation
Authors: Astuti Sri , Rukmana Diki , Pramudiani Puri , Zulherman Zulherman
Published: August 2022

This study analyzed the teachers' and parents' synergy in motivating children to take online learning at home during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The research instrument consisted of 13 survey questions distributed via Google Form and succeeded in capturing 139 samples of parents of preschool and elementary school students spread across 17 provinces in Indonesia. Factor analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were conducted to analyze the instrument's validity and test hypotheses. The factor analysis results showed that the 13 instruments used showed an excellent correlation to confirm each variable's structure. The SEM analysis results showed that in the online learning system applied to preschool and elementary school children, parents play a significant role in the children's motivation to take online learning at home. Parents were also a positive and significant mediator variable in the teacher's role in increasing children's learning motivation. These results indicated that parents' and teachers' motivating children to carry out online learning at home during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia must be established and continuously improved. The contribution was a reference for those who intend to develop an appropriate online learning system framework for preschool and elementary school children.
Number recognition development with number card: Single subject research
Authors: Istiqomah Istiqomah , Yuliani Rika , Ekawati Rooselyna , Widodo Sri Adi
Published: August 2022

Mentally retarded is a mental disorder with an intelligence quotient (IQ) between 55-70, besides those mentally retarded children are only able to think concretely. For this reason, learning mathematics for mentally retarded students requires learning media that can bridge abstract mathematical material with the abilities of mentally retarded children who are only able to think concretely. The objective of this study was to improve the recognition of 1-20 numbers using number cards for students with mild mental retardation. The research used is single subject research method with basic design non reversal. Study subjects were selected based on a purposive sampling technique, as the researcher had to look for subjects with mild mental retardation. Data collection techniques use documentation to find out subjects with mild mental retardation characteristics, and tests to determine the subject's ability to recognize numbers 1-20. The results of this study indicate that the number card media can improve the ability of mild mentally retarded students to recognize numbers 1-20. This can be seen from the average in the baseline phase of 39 with a percentage of the ability to recognize numbers of 33.3%, and in the intervention phase of 74.44 with a percentage of the ability to recognize numbers of 88.89%.
Flipped classroom in history learning to improve students’ critical thinking
Authors: Fadli Muhammad Rijal , Rochmat Saefur , Sudrajat Ajat , Aman Aman , Rohman Arif , Kuswono Kuswono
Published: August 2022

The flipped classroom is very helpful for students to understand learning material, but it is still very minimally used, especially in history learning. This study analyzed the effect of the flipped classroom model in history learning to improve students' critical thinking. This study employed a quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group design, by dividing into two class groups, namely experimental and control. The sample was 121 students who were selected through cluster random sampling technique. The data collection was through observation, interviews, and instruments in the form of critical thinking tests. Data analysis used an independent sample t-test and N-gain score test to analyze the effect of a flipped classroom in history learning to improve critical thinking. The results showed that the flipped classroom in history learning had a significant effect on improving students' critical thinking skills as evidenced by the independent sample t-test test with a significance value of 0.000<0.05, and the N-gain score test which was included in the moderate criteria. So, the flipped classroom model in history learning is very suitable to be used and implemented. Hence, learning objectives are achieved so that history learning can run well and optimally.
Education sector risk assessment in the time of pandemic
Authors: Ignacio Hasmin T. , Alinsunod Jennifer P. , De Guzman Heronafine C. , Esponilla II Francisco D.
Published: August 2022

The study explored school teachers, school administrators, and staff exposure to the COVID-19 virus in the workplace, the risk reduction practices of their organizations, organization response to those workers who were found positive of Coronavirus, and lastly the respondents’ suggestions to help their organization protect their employees. The study used a researcher-made risk assessment questionnaire, through Google Forms. The questionnaire was used in 25 selected respondent schools in the Philippines. The study revealed that the majority of the respondents were adopting the work from home, the rest of the respondents are reporting to school 1 up to 6 days a week. There are three major categories in handling the COVID-19 positive person such as implementation of health protocols, support to dimension of wellness, quick and immediate response. Moreover, the top three suggestions of the respondents are: i) Embrace new normal (appointments, enrolment, admission, and other transactions should be online); ii) Regularly provide vitamins, health kits, face masks, face shields, alcohol, and other medical supplies; iii) Provide training and webinars on health, safety training, mental health awareness, and online teaching. 
Efficacy, expectancy, or the sense of mattering? Academic procrastination in online study
Authors: Yeoh Hong Chun , Hong Susanna Poay Lin , Prihadi Kususanto Ditto
Published: August 2022

Past studies reported that academic procrastination (AP) was contingent upon students’ educational self-efficacy (ASE) and the expectancy-value belief (EV), which were developed through social interaction. When teaching and learning in most universities were altered into online learning (OL) during the pandemic, students’ social interaction was more inclined toward online communication, especially through social networking sites (SNS); a phenomenon that has been reported to alter their sense of societal mattering (SM), the sense that they matter to the society. We hypothesized that SM moderates the mediation of EV on the association between ASE and AP. We purposively recruited 361 university students who must study fully online from home during the outbreak and asked them to respond to the designated scales. The bootstrap analysis with 5,000 samples and a 95% confidence interval showed that the moderated mediation hypothesis was supported. Students who believe that they can perform well tend to value their tasks higher, and therefore had a lower rate of procrastination. However, this mediation did not occur among students who do not think that they matter enough to the university as a society.
EFL teachers’ perceptions on professional development for language proficiency maintenance and improvement
Authors: Nugroho Him’mawan Adi , Widiati Utami , Susanti Ani
Published: August 2022

This case study investigated the phenomenon of English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers’ perceptions of professional development (PD) related to language proficiency, which has become a critical issue in the field of EFL teaching and has played an important role in facilitating students to learn English well. Interview guides were employed as the main instrument to elicit information about PD activities related to language proficiency maintenance and improvement, comprising closed-ended and open-ended items. The participants of the study were six professional EFL teachers who have had 5 to 30 years of teaching experience, selected from high schools in a capital city in Indonesia. Data were analyzed descriptively to result in frequencies of importance levels and qualitatively to explore patterns of PD activities. The results showed that two factors affecting the participants’ acknowledgement of the importance of language proficiency PD activities: the need to maintain and improve language proficiency and the benefits of proficiency for teaching and learning. It is recommended that Indonesian EFL teachers develop self-awareness of the importance of improving their skills not only pedagogically but also professionally and realize that PD for language proficiency in particular is imperative to help them keep their professionalism high. 
Studying online from home and social anxiety among university students: The role of societal and interpersonal mattering
Authors: Fawwaz Ahmad Naufal , Prihadi Kususanto Ditto , Purwaningtyas Endah Kurniawati
Published: August 2022

Literature suggested that the enforcement of lockdowns such as the Movement Control Order (MCO) had limited physical social interaction and therefore increased the inclination on social media and other means of digital communication. This shift of social pattern was reported to alter the way young adults develop their mattering, the sense of how much they matter to others. While mattering has been reported as the protective factors against social anxiety, this study aims to investigate the contribution of interpersonal mattering and societal mattering on social anxiety among university students who had to study online from home during the enforcement of the MCO in Malaysia amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2021. Purposive sampling was conducted to recruit 158 participants (89 females, 69 males) with their ages ranging from 18 to 25 years of age (M=21.77, SD=1.54) to respond to Mattering to Others Questionnaire, University Mattering Scale, and Social Phobia Inventory. The results of multiple linear regression supported the hypotheses that both types of mattering negatively predict social anxiety, and that interpersonal mattering was no longer a significant predictor when controlling for societal mattering.
A violência doméstica no relato jornalístico
Authors: Gomes Mayra Rodrigues
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo apresenta a segunda parte de levantamentos, categorizações e análises que compõem um conjunto de estudos/ averiguações sobre o jornalismo informativo que temos desenvolvido, com o intuito de apreender seu estatuto e a natureza dos discursos que ele mobiliza. A proposta de pesquisa foi motivada, no ano de sua apresentação, em 2018, pelos altos índices de violência no Brasil, e procura captar o espírito das narrativas jornalísticas nos relatos de casos de violência contra as mulheres, entender como o jornalismo está descrevendo esses casos (se de forma a reforçar ou neutralizar estereótipos de natureza negativa) e apreender, em visão panorâmica, a situação da violência contra as mulheres, enquanto apresentada pela produção jornalística.
A linguagem fascista e a constituição da imagem pública: uma análise sobre Jair Bolsonaro
Authors: Simões Paula Guimarães , Silva Terezinha
Published: August 2022

O objetivo deste texto é apreender traços da imagem pública de Jair Bolsonaro a partir da interação entre os discursos proferidos por ele nos atos de 7 de setembro de 2021 e os públicos que se posicionaram. Para tanto, discutimos o conceito de imagem pública e os elementos que constituem a linguagem fascista. O corpus é composto de 40 textos publicados pela Folha de S.Paulo, analisados a partir de dois eixos:1) o discurso de Bolsonaro; 2) os posicionamentos dos públicos. A análise reforça a oratória agressiva, a incitação ao ódio e à violência presentes em seu discurso, ao mesmo tempo que convoca a religiosidade, a liberdade e a verdade. Outros públicos, por sua vez, apontam-no como fascista, mentiroso, golpista, que coloca em xeque os valores da democracia, da liberdade e da própria vida.
A evolução do Sistema Jurídico Chinês e as influências exercidas pelos sistemas Jurídicos Ocidentais
Authors: Jacinto Junior Flavio Gomes , Sousa Lucas César Pelegrini de
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo pretende abordar em aspectos gerais a evolução do sistema jurídico chinês ao longo dos seus mais de 3.000 anos de história, enfatizando as principais alterações ocorridas nos últimos dois séculos, principalmente no que tange à influência de sistemas jurídicos ocidentais na construção do que hoje se compreende sobre o sistema jurídico chinês.

Após breve introdução que contextualiza as principais influências da filosofia chinesa na construção de seu ordenamento jurídico, dividimos este trabalho em cinco fases: 1) Final do período imperial; 2) República; 3) Governo nacionalista; 4) O período Mao Zedong, e, por fim, 5) Deng Xiaoping e a abertura de mercado.

Ademais, tratamos também das regiões autônomas, Macau e Hong Kong, que possuem respectivamente sistemas civil law e common law, e que divergem em pontos fundamentais do regime legal autoritário do Partido Comunista Chinês.
A Straighter Kind of Hip
Authors: Scott Felicity D.
Published: August 2022

This article recovers Resource One, an “alternative” computer-resource center founded in San Francisco in 1971 and celebrated by Whole Earth Catalog–founder Stewart Brand as a “counter-computer” initiative in his 1972 Rolling Stone article “Spacewar: Fanatic Life and Symbolic Death Among the Computer Bums.” Departing from the usual mythologizing of personal computing often linked to Brand's rhetoric of “access to tools,” this reading re-situates Resource One in the urban commune where it was located, Project One. Optic Nerve's video documentary about the communards' life there, Project One (1972), serves as both archive and interpretation of the commune, helping to demonstrate the economic and political utility of the ambivalence harbored within the notion of participation and the ethos of do-it-yourself. The essay ties the logic of participation to the emergence of a new topology of material and informatic domains as well as to novel configurations of home and work. It does so to trace forms of subjectivity that were then being forged through computerization in the service of a postindustrial economy.
Lepanthes florenciana (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae), a new species from the Eastern Andes of Colombia
Authors: MORENO JUAN SEBASTIÁN , HOYOS DAVID , RINCÓN MILTON , SIERRA-ARIZA MARIO , VALENCIA ESCALANTE MARIA FERNANDA , GUTIÉRREZ MORALES NICOLÁS
Published: August 2022

A new species of Lepanthes from the Eastern Andes of Colombia is described and illustrated. Lepanthes florenciana is most similar to Lepanthes niphas, but it can be distinguished by the petals transversely trilobed with the upper and lower lobe dolabriform (vs. transversely bilobed with the lobes narrowly triangular), a lunate lip blades (vs. semi-orbicular) and an oblong pubescent appendix (vs. a minute apiculum in the sinus).
The Use of 0° and 70° Endoscopes in Maxillary Antrostomy
Authors: Hentati Firas , Kocharyan Armine , Muller Richard G. , Ruthberg Jeremy , Cabrera Claudia I. , D’Anza Brian , Rodriguez Kenneth
Published: August 2022

Background and Objectives:

Performing an effective maxillary antrostomy is critical to improving chronic maxillary sinusitis symptomatology. Incomplete dissection of the uncinate process and failure to incorporate the natural drainage pathway may lead to recirculation and need for revision surgery. The purpose of this study is to determine if 70° endoscopes provide added value in determining incomplete dissection or residual disease.

Methods:

Prospective study of 35 sinuses from 18 patients undergoing FESS for Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) between 11/1/2020 and 4/30/2021. Two fellowship trained Rhinologists initially performed maxillary antrostomies exclusively using a 0° endoscope, then transitioned to a 70° endoscope. Surgeons completed a survey to assess completion of the antrostomy prior to use of 70° endoscope, sino-nasal anatomy, and difficulty of the operation. Intraoperative photographs before and after using a 70° endoscope were evaluated by a third party. Pre-operative CT scans were used to evaluate the sphenoid keel-caudal septum-nasolacrimal duct (SK-CS-NL) angle.

Results:

Of 35 sinuses from 18 patients all 35 sinuses had CRS with 48.5% having nasal polyposis and 42.9% having active infection. There was residual inflammatory tissue in the anterior maxillary sinus, including polypoid tissue and uncinate process prior to using the 70° endoscope in 82.9% of sinuses. The natural drainage pathway was not incorporated into the dissection in 28.6% of sinuses before converting to 70° endoscope. Incomplete dissection with 0° endoscope was not associated with nasal polyposis ( P = .086) or uncinate position (0.741). Narrow SK-CS-NL angles were associated with incomplete dissection of the anterior maxillary sinus with 0° endoscope (16.0° ± 3.0° vs 20.6° ± 3.2°; P = .013).

Conclusion:

Use of 70° endoscope in maxillary antrostomy may be beneficial in identifying and resecting disease within the anterior maxillary sinus that may otherwise be difficult to find using a 0° endoscope. This is especially true in patients with narrow nasolacrimal duct positioning.
Differences in Clinical Characteristics Between Prepubescent and Postpubescent Males With Testicular Torsion
Authors: Shields Lisa B. E. , Daniels Michael W. , Peppas Dennis S. , Rosenberg Eran
Published: August 2022

Testicular torsion represents a pediatric surgical emergency. In this 6-year study with 140 patients, prepubescent (<13 years) and postpubescent (≥13 years) males with testicular torsion were identified. Prepubescent boys had a longer symptom duration ( P = .016) and underwent more orchiectomies ( P = .005) compared with postpubescent boys. The risk of orchiectomy decreased by 15% per 1-year increase in age ( P = .002). Boys who underwent an orchiectomy had a longer symptom duration ( P < .001), were younger ( P = .002), had scrotal swelling ( P = .001), scrotal erythema ( P < .001), higher degrees of torsion ( P = .036), and more left-sided surgeries ( P = .014) compared with those who had an orchiopexy. Postpubescent boys were 63% less likely to receive an orchiectomy versus an orchiopexy compared with prepubescent boys. Pediatricians should be cognizant of the age discrepancies between prepubescent and postpubescent males with testicular torsion and educate parents about the importance of urgent evaluation in the Emergency Department to reduce the likelihood of an orchiectomy.