bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of familial history of diabetes or myocardial infarction and stroke with risk of cardiovascular diseases in four German cohorts
Authors: Mühlenbruch Kristin , Menzel Juliane , Dörr Marcus , Ittermann Till , Meisinger Christa , Peters Annette , Kluttig Alexander , Medenwald Daniel , Bergmann Manuela , Boeing Heiner , Schulze Matthias B. , Weikert Cornelia
Published: September 2020

Since family history of diabetes is a very strong risk factor for type 2 diabetes, which is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), it might be also useful to assess the risk for CVD. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship between a familial (parents and siblings) history of diabetes and the risk of incident CVD. Data from four prospective German cohort studies were used: EPIC-Potsdam study (n = 26,054), CARLA study (n = 1,079), SHIP study (n = 3,974), and KORA study (n = 15,777). A multivariable-adjusted Cox regression was performed to estimate associations between familial histories of diabetes, myocardial infarction or stroke and the risk of CVD in each cohort; combined hazard ratios (HRMeta) were derived by conducting a meta-analysis. The history of diabetes in first-degree relatives was not related to the development of CVD (HRMeta 0.99; 95% CI 0.88–1.10). Results were similar for the single outcomes myocardial infarction (MI) (HRMeta 1.07; 95% CI 0.92–1.23) and stroke (HRMeta 1.00; 95% CI 0.86–1.16). In contrast, parental history of MI and stroke were associated with an increased CVD risk. Our study indicates that diabetes in the family might not be a relevant risk factor for the incidence of CVD. However, the study confirmed the relationship between a parental history of MI or stroke and the onset of CVD.
A modular chromosomally integrated toolkit for ectopic gene expression in Vibrio cholerae
Authors: Dalia Triana N. , Chlebek Jennifer L. , Dalia Ankur B.
Published: September 2020

The ability to express genes ectopically in bacteria is essential for diverse academic and industrial applications. Two major considerations when utilizing regulated promoter systems for ectopic gene expression are (1) the ability to titrate gene expression by addition of an exogenous inducer and (2) the leakiness of the promoter element in the absence of the inducer. Here, we describe a modular chromosomally integrated platform for ectopic gene expression in Vibrio cholerae. We compare the broadly used promoter elements Ptac and PBAD to versions that have an additional theophylline-responsive riboswitch (Ptac-riboswitch and PBAD-riboswitch). These constructs all exhibited unimodal titratable induction of gene expression, however, max induction varied with Ptac > PBAD > PBAD-riboswitch > Ptac-riboswitch. We also developed a sensitive reporter system to quantify promoter leakiness and show that leakiness for Ptac > Ptac-riboswitch > PBAD; while the newly developed PBAD-riboswitch exhibited no detectable leakiness. We demonstrate the utility of the tightly inducible PBAD-riboswitch construct using the dynamic activity of type IV competence pili in V. cholerae as a model system. The modular chromosomally integrated toolkit for ectopic gene expression described here should be valuable for the genetic study of V. cholerae and could be adapted for use in other species.
Identification of pathogenic missense mutations using protein stability predictors
Authors: Gerasimavicius Lukas , Liu Xin , Marsh Joseph A.
Published: September 2020

Attempts at using protein structures to identify disease-causing mutations have been dominated by the idea that most pathogenic mutations are disruptive at a structural level. Therefore, computational stability predictors, which assess whether a mutation is likely to be stabilising or destabilising to protein structure, have been commonly used when evaluating new candidate disease variants, despite not having been developed specifically for this purpose. We therefore tested 13 different stability predictors for their ability to discriminate between pathogenic and putatively benign missense variants. We find that one method, FoldX, significantly outperforms all other predictors in the identification of disease variants. Moreover, we demonstrate that employing predicted absolute energy change scores improves performance of nearly all predictors in distinguishing pathogenic from benign variants. Importantly, however, we observe that the utility of computational stability predictors is highly heterogeneous across different proteins, and that they are all inferior to the best performing variant effect predictors for identifying pathogenic mutations. We suggest that this is largely due to alternate molecular mechanisms other than protein destabilisation underlying many pathogenic mutations. Thus, better ways of incorporating protein structural information and molecular mechanisms into computational variant effect predictors will be required for improved disease variant prioritisation.
Ruthenium (II) complex cis-[RuII(ŋ2-O2CC7H7O2)(dppm)2]PF6-hmxbato induces ROS-mediated apoptosis in lung tumor cells producing selective cytotoxicity
Authors: Costa Mônica Soares , Gonçalves Yasmim Garcia , Borges Bruna Cristina , Silva Marcelo José Barbosa , Amstalden Martin Krähenbühl , Costa Tássia Rafaella , Antunes Lusânia Maria Greggi , Rodrigues Renata Santos , Rodrigues Veridiana de Melo , de Faria Franca Eduardo , Zoia Mariana Alves Pereira , de Araújo Thaise Gonçalves , Goulart Luiz Ricardo , Von Poelhsitz Gustavo , Yoneyama Kelly Aparecida Geraldo
Published: September 2020

Ruthenium complexes have been extensively explored as potential molecules for cancer treatment. Considering our previous findings on the remarkable cytotoxic activity exhibited by the ruthenium (II) complex 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoate (hmxbato)-cis-[RuII(ŋ2-O2CC7H7O2)(dppm)2]PF6 against Leishmania promastigotes and also the similar metabolic characteristics between trypanosomatids and tumor cells, the present study aimed to analyze the anticancer potential of hmxbato against lung tumor cells, as well as the partial death mechanisms involved. Hmxbato demonstrated selective cytotoxicity against A549 lung tumor cells. In addition, this complex at a concentration of 3.8 µM was able to expressively increase the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tumor cells, causing an oxidative stress that may culminate in: (1) reduction in cellular proliferation; (2) changes in cell morphology and organization patterns of the actin cytoskeleton; (3) cell arrest in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle; (4) apoptosis; (5) changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential and (6) initial DNA damage. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the induction of programmed cell death can occur by the intrinsic apoptotic pathway through the activation of caspases. It is also worth highlighting that hmxbato exhibited predominant actions on A549 tumor cells in comparison to BEAS-2B normal bronchial epithelium cells, which makes this complex an interesting candidate for the design of new drugs against lung cancer.
Marginal superiority of maize: an indicator for density tolerance under high plant density
Authors: Liu Guangzhou , Liu Wanmao , Yang Yunshan , Guo Xiaoxia , Zhang Guoqiang , Li Jian , Xie Ruizhi , Ming Bo , Wang Keru , Hou Peng , Li Shaokun
Published: September 2020

Marginal superiority is a common phenomenon in crops, and is caused by the competitiveness of individual plant for resources and crop adaptability to crowded growth conditions. In this study, in order to clarify the response of marginal superiority to maize morphology and plant-density tolerance, field experiments without water and nutrition stress were conducted at Qitai Farm in Xinjiang, China, in 2013–2014 and 2016–2019. The results showed that no more than three border rows of all the cultivars had marginal superiority under high density, about 90% of all the cultivars had no more than two border row that had marginal superiority and a significant negative correlation was observed between marginal superiority and population grain yield (first border row: y = − 2.193x + 213.9, p < 0.05; second border row: y = − 2.076x + 159.2, p < 0.01). Additionally, marginal superiority was found to have a significant positive relationship with plant density (first border row: y = 6.049x + 73.76, p < 0.01; second border row: y = 1.88x + 95.41, p < 0.05) and the average leaf angle above the ear (first border row: y = 2.306x + 103.1, p < 0.01). These results indicated that the smaller the leaf angle above the ear, the weaker the marginal superiority and the higher the grain yield. It suggests that the magnitude of marginal superiority in the border rows can be an indicator for plant-density tolerance under high density. What’s more, cultivars with small leaf angle above the ear can be selected to weaken the marginal superiority and improve grain yield under high plant density. Conversely, cultivars with a large leaf angle above the ear can be selected to achieve higher individual yield in intercropping systems with no more than four rows alternated with other crops.
Chemical synthesis of a haemathrin sulfoprotein library reveals enhanced thrombin inhibition following tyrosine sulfation
Authors: Clayton Daniel , Kulkarni Sameer S. , Sayers Jessica , Dowman Luke J. , Ripoll-Rozada Jorge , Pereira Pedro José Barbosa , Payne Richard J.
Published: September 2020

The synthesis and thrombin inhibitory activity of eight homogeneously sulfated variants of the haemathrin proteins from tick saliva is described.
Porous materials applied to biomarker sensing in exhaled breath for monitoring and detecting non-invasive pathologies
Authors: André Laurie , Desbois Nicolas , Gros Claude P. , Brandès Stéphane
Published: September 2020

Overview of the use of porous materials for gas sensing to analyze the exhaled breath of patients for disease identification.
Revisiting dithiadiaza macrocyclic chelators for copper-64 PET imaging
Authors: Shuvaev Sergey , Suturina Elizaveta A. , Rotile Nicholas J. , Astashkin Andrei , Ziegler Christopher J. , Ross Alana W. , Walker Tia L. , Caravan Peter , Taschner Ian S.
Published: September 2020

Copper-64 complex with a new dithiadiaza macrocyclic chelator was evaluated as a PET tracer.
Homo- and hetero-dinuclear Pt(ii)/Pd(ii) complexes: studies of hydrolysis, nucleophilic substitution reactions, DNA/BSA interactions, DFT calculations, molecular docking and cytotoxic activity
Authors: Ćoćić Dušan , Jovanović-Stević Snežana , Jelić Ratomir , Matić Sanja , Popović Suzana , Djurdjević Predrag , Baskić Dejan , Petrović Biljana
Published: September 2020

Dinuclear complexes [Pd2(tpbd)Cl2]Cl2, [Pt2(tpbd)Cl2]Cl2 and [PdPt(tpbd)Cl2]Cl2 (tpbd = N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)benzene-1,4-diamine) have been synthesized and the kinetic, interactions with DNA/BSA and cytotoxic activity were studied.
Trapping of Brønsted acids with a phosphorus-centered biradicaloid – synthesis of hydrogen pseudohalide addition products
Authors: Beer Henrik , Bläsing Kevin , Bresien Jonas , Chojetzki Lukas , Schulz Axel , Stoer Philip , Villinger Alexander
Published: September 2020

The trapping of classical hydrogen pseudohalides (HX, X = pseudohalogen = CN, N3, NCO, NCS, and PCO) utilizing a phosphorus-centered cyclic biradicaloid, [P(μ-NTer)]2, is reported.
Using Cordyceps militaris extracellular polysaccharides to prevent Pb2+-induced liver and kidney toxicity by activating Nrf2 signals and modulating gut microbiota
Authors: Song Qiaoying , Zhu Zhenyuan
Published: September 2020

In this study, we investigated the protective efficacy of extracellular polysaccharide from Cordyceps militaris (CEP-I) in liver and kidney and their regulating effect on gut microbiota against Pb-induced toxicity in vivo.
Photoelectronic mechanism investigation of the structural transformation of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskites from a subnanosheet to a microwire
Authors: Wang Yunjia , Qu Junle , Wen Qiao
Published: September 2020

In this work, a subnanosheet CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite with a side length of 260 nm was successfully structurally transformed into a microwire shape with a radius of 1.8 μm and a length of 4.2 μm via temperature tuning and solvent effects.
Sensitively switchable visible/infrared multispectral detection and imaging based on a tandem perovskite device
Authors: Liu Jiaxin , Zou Yousheng , Huang Bo , Gu Yu , Yang Yan , Han Zeyao , Zhang Yuanzhou , Xu Xiaobao , Zeng Haibo
Published: September 2020

Sensitively switchable visible/infrared multispectral detection and imaging in single photodetector based on perovskite materials is demonstrated with Ion/Ioff ratio of ∼104, specific detectivty of 1012 Jones, mode-switch rate of 1000 Hz.
Micro- to nano-scale chemical and mechanical mapping of antimicrobial-resistant fungal biofilms
Authors: Pham Duy Quang , Bryant Saffron J. , Cheeseman Samuel , Huang Louisa Z. Y. , Bryant Gary , Dupont Madeleine F. , Chapman James , Berndt Christopher C. , Vongsvivut Jitraporn (Pimm) , Crawford Russell J. , Truong Vi Khanh , Ang Andrew S. M. , Elbourne Aaron
Published: September 2020

The heterogeneity of fungal biofilms are spatially characterized using a combination of AFM, nanoindentation, and ATR-FTIR.
COF-inspired fabrication of two-dimensional polyoxometalate based open frameworks for biomimetic catalysis
Authors: Zhao Yu , Wang Zhifang , Gao Jia , Zhao Zhengfeng , Li Xia , Wang Ting , Cheng Peng , Ma Shengqian , Chen Yao , Zhang Zhenjie
Published: September 2020

The development of highly efficient and robust biomimetic catalysts is an essential and feasible strategy to overcome the intrinsic drawbacks of natural enzymes.
Fullerene nanostructures: how the oblong shape of C70 forms a cocrystal with an enormous asymmetric unit and related cocrystals
Authors: Baldauf Lilia M. , Ghiassi Kamran B. , Olmstead Marilyn M. , Balch Alan L.
Published: September 2020

A cocrystal with an asymmetric unit of 12 C70·12 NiII(OEP)·18p-xylene, with a 10 nm translation and a volume of 42.7 nm3.
A multifunctional SN38-conjugated nanosystem for defeating myelosuppression and diarrhea induced by irinotecan in esophageal cancer
Authors: Chen Jinjin , Zhou Lulu , Wang Chunhui , Sun Yunhao , Lu Yonglin , Li Ruihao , Hu Xiaochun , Chen Mengyao , Chen Lv , Chai Keke , Yao Tianming , Shi Shuo , Dong Chunyan
Published: September 2020

A multifunctional tumor-targeting SN38-conjugated nanosystem was developed to defeat myelosuppression and diarrhea induced by irinotecan.
Tungsten nitride-coated graphene fibers for high-performance wearable supercapacitors
Authors: Salman Ali , Padmajan Sasikala Suchithra , Kim In Ho , Kim Jun Tae , Lee Gang San , Kim Jin Goo , Kim Sang Ouk
Published: September 2020

Transition metal nitrides can endow graphene fibers with both high conductivity and high capacitance to achieve high-performance fiber supercapacitors.
A combination of metabolite profiling and network pharmacology to explore the potential pharmacological changes of secoisolariciresinol-diglycoside
Authors: Zhang Fengxiang , Cui ShuangShuang , Li Ziting , Yuan Yulinlan , Li Chang , Li Ruiman
Published: September 2020

The prototypes and metabolites formed from the use of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) are typically the cause of both side side-effects and therapeutic results.
Characterization of a putative sensory [FeFe]-hydrogenase provides new insight into the role of the active site architecture
Authors: Land Henrik , Sekretareva Alina , Huang Ping , Redman Holly J. , Németh Brigitta , Polidori Nakia , Mészáros Lívia S. , Senger Moritz , Stripp Sven T. , Berggren Gustav
Published: September 2020

Characterization of a group D putative sensory [FeFe]-hydrogenase reveals how the active site can be tuned to decrease CO inhibition and increase stability of a reduced H-cluster while retaining the ability to catalyze H+/H2 interconversion.
Data-powered augmented volcano plots for homogeneous catalysis
Authors: Wodrich Matthew D. , Fabrizio Alberto , Meyer Benjamin , Corminboeuf Clemence
Published: September 2020

Augmented volcano plots, a tool for comparing and visualizing the similarity of a number of complete catalytic cycle energy profiles to that of an ideal reference profile without relying on linear scaling relationships, are introduced.
A fluorophore's electron-deficiency does matter in designing high-performance near-infrared fluorescent probes
Authors: Zhang Xue-Xiang , Qi Huan , Liu Ya-Lan , Yang Song-Qiu , Li Peng , Qiao Yan , Zhang Pei-Yu , Wen Shu-Hao , Piao Hai-long , Han Ke-Li
Published: September 2020

An abnormal and intriguing phenomenon that the fluorophore's electron-deficiency could affect a probe's performance is now revealed for the first time.
Construction of a hierarchical carbon nanotube/MXene membrane with distinct fusiform channels for efficient molecular separation
Authors: Ding Mingmei , Xu Hang , Chen Wei , Kong Qing , Lin Tao , Tao Hui , Zhang Kai , Liu Qin , Zhang Kaisong , Xie Zongli
Published: September 2020

The hierarchical carbon nanotube/MXene membrane with distinct fusiform channels has shown great potential in efficient molecular separation.
Na2Fe2OS2, a new earth abundant oxysulphide cathode material for Na-ion batteries
Authors: Gamon Jacinthe , Perez Arnaud J. , Jones Leanne A. H. , Zanella Marco , Daniels Luke M. , Morris Rhun E. , Tang Chiu C. , Veal Tim D. , Hardwick Laurence J. , Dyer Matthew S. , Claridge John B. , Rosseinsky Matthew J.
Published: September 2020

We synthesized a new layered Na2Fe2OS2 phase, our study paves the way to further design of oxysulfides as cathode materials.
Improved charge extraction through interface engineering for 10.12% efficiency and stable CsPbBr3 perovskite solar cells
Authors: Zhu Jingwei , Tang Mixue , He Benlin , Zhang Wenyu , Li Xueke , Gong Zekun , Chen Haiyan , Duan Yanyan , Tang Qunwei
Published: September 2020

By improving the charge extraction and reducing charge recombination as well as energy loss, interface engineering helps the CsPbBr3 PSC to achieve the best PCE as high as 10.12% and excellent long-term stability.
A silk-based high impact composite for the core decompression of the femoral head
Authors: Wang Jin , Mi Ruixin , Zhao Guanglei , Shi Jingsheng , Chen Jie , Liu Changquan , Shao Zhengzhong , Xia Jun
Published: September 2020

A novel silk based composite as a filling material in core decompression of the femoral head for early-stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
Inhibition and disaggregation of amyloid β protein fibrils through conjugated polymer–core thermoresponsive micelles
Authors: Geng Hao , Yuan Hongbo , Qiu Liang , Gao Dong , Cheng Yongqiang , Xing Chengfen
Published: September 2020

The micelles (CPMs) have a thermoresponsive surface and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating core. At 37 °C, CPMs captured Aβ aggregates to inhibit and disaggregate aggregates under white-light irradiation, reducing Aβ-induced cytotoxicity.
Prognostic value of aberrantly expressed methylation genes in human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhen Limin , Ning Gang , Wu Lina , Zheng Yongyuan , Yang Fangji , Chen Tongtong , Xu Wenxiong , Liu Ying , Xie Chan , Peng Liang
Published: September 2020

Objectives: To identify the prognostic value of aberrantly methylated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to explore the underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis.

Methods: Gene expression profiles (GSE65372 and GSE37988) were analyzed using GEO2R to obtain aberrantly methylated DEGs. Functional enrichment analysis of screened genes was performed by the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). Cytoscape software was used to analyze the PPI network and to select hub genes. Transcriptional and proteinic expression data of hub genes were obtained through UALCAN and the Human Protein Reference Database. Finally, we analyzed the prognostic value of hub genes with the Kaplan–Meier Plotter and MethSurv database.

Results: In total, 24 up-hypomethylated oncogenes and 37 down-hypermethylated tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) were identified, and 8 hub genes, including 4 up-hypomethylated oncogenes (CDC5L, MERTK, RHOA and YBX1) and 4 down-hypermethylated TSGs (BCR, DFFA, SCUBE2 and TP63), were selected by PPI. Higher expression of methylated CDC5L-cg05671347, MERTK-cg08279316, RHOA-cg05657651 and YBX1-cg16306148, and lower expression of methylated BCR-cg25410636, DFFA-cg20696875, SCUBE2-cg19000089 and TP63-cg06520450, were associated with better overall survival (OS) in HCC patients. Multivariate analysis also showed they were independent prognostic factors for OS of HCC patients.

Conclusions: In summary, different expression of methylated genes above mentioned were associated with better prognosis in HCC patients. Altering the methylation status of these genes may be a therapeutic target for HCC, but it should be further evaluated in clinical studies.
The interplay of phloem-mobile signals in plant development and stress response
Authors: Koenig Amanda M. , Hoffmann-Benning Susanne
Published: September 2020

Plants integrate a variety of biotic and abiotic factors for optimal growth in their given environment. While some of these responses are local, others occur distally. Hence, communication of signals perceived in one organ to a second, distal part of the plant and the coordinated developmental response require an intricate signaling system. To do so, plants developed a bipartite vascular system that mediates the uptake of water, minerals, and nutrients from the soil; transports high-energy compounds and building blocks; and traffics essential developmental and stress signals. One component of the plant vasculature is the phloem. The development of highly sensitive mass spectrometry and molecular methods in the last decades has enabled us to explore the full complexity of the phloem content. As a result, our view of the phloem has evolved from a simple transport path of photoassimilates to a major highway for pathogens, hormones and developmental signals. Understanding phloem transport is essential to comprehend the coordination of environmental inputs with plant development and, thus, ensure food security. This review discusses recent developments in its role in long-distance signaling and highlights the role of some of the signaling molecules. What emerges is an image of signaling paths that do not just involve single molecules but rather, quite frequently an interplay of several distinct molecular classes, many of which appear to be transported and acting in concert.
Osteoprotegerin SNP associations with coronary artery disease and ischemic stroke risk: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Jine , Li Xiyang , Gao Fan , Gao Shanshan , Lyu Jun , Qiang Hua
Published: September 2020

Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is involved in the development of atherosclerosis and cardio-cerebrovascular disease. The goal of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the association of OPG single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with coronary artery disease (CAD) and ischemic stroke. A total of 15 eligible studies were extracted from electronic databases. Odds ratios (ORs) were presented, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), to assess the associations. Meta-analysis was conducted using MetaGenyo, STATA, and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis. Meta-analysis of our data showed that the OPG SNP T950C was significantly associated with increased CAD risk among Asians via recessive (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.18–2.04, P=0.002), CC vs TT (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.16–2.11, P=0.003) and allelic (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.05–1.38, P=0.007) models. No strong associations were observed for the OPG SNP G1181C, T245G and G209A with CAD risk. When evaluating the OPG SNP T245G and T950C associations with ischemic stroke, we found the OPG SNP T245G to be significantly associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke among Chinese via recessive (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.02–2.29, P=0.039) and CC vs AA (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.07–2.42, P=0.021) models. Our results suggested that the OPG SNP T950C was associated with increased risk of CAD among Asians, and the OPG SNP T245G was associated with enhanced ischemic stroke risk among Chinese.
Social Judgments of Digitally Manipulated Stuttered Speech: Cognitive Heuristics Drive Implicit and Explicit Bias
Authors: Roche Jennifer M. , Arnold Hayley S. , Ferguson Ashley M.
Published: September 2020

Purpose

People who stutter are susceptible to discrimination, stemming from negative stereotypes and social misattributions. There has been a recent push to evaluate the underlying explicit and implicit cognitive mechanisms associated with social judgments, moving away from only evaluating explicit social bias about people who stutter. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate how listeners change their implicit and explicit social (mis)attributions after hearing a people who stutter produce disfluent speech.

Method

The current project was an adaptation of the
Byrd et al. (2017)
study to evaluate listener implicit/explicit social judgments of stuttered speech across five categories (i.e., confidence, friendliness, intelligence, distractibility, and extroversion) before and after a stuttering self-disclosure. This was done by implementing a modified version of the
Ferguson et al. (2019)
computer mouse-tracking paradigm.

Results

Consistent with previous findings, participants made more explicit positive social judgments of confidence, friendliness, extroversion, and intelligence after a stuttering self-disclosure, but the distractedness category was resistant to change. Also consistent with previous findings, participants experienced a higher degree of cognitive competition (i.e., higher area under the curve) shortly after self-disclosure, which lessened over time.

Conclusions

Explicit and implicit biases exist, but self-disclosure significantly impacts the cognitive system of listeners. Specifically, self-disclosure may reduce explicit bias through experience and explicit belief updating, but when cognitive heuristics are strong, implicit bias may be slower to change.
Detection and analysis of Galileo signal in space anomalies from 2017 to 2018
Authors: Fan Lihong , Tu Rui , Zhang Rui , Han Junqiang , Zhang Pengfei , Hong Ju , Lu Xiaochun
Published: September 2020

The state of the signal in space (SIS) broadcasted by the broadcast ephemeris will affect the reliability and safety of the user navigation and positioning. Understanding the SIS anomaly of a satellite is conducive to fault allocation in advanced receiver autonomous integrity monitoring. In this study, precise ephemeris was used to calculate the SIS error of all healthy Galileo satellites from 2017 to 2018, the detection thresholds were obtained through statistics of SIS error, and the satellite SIS anomalies for two years were detected. Results show that the SIS anomalies of Galileo satellites are primarily caused by satellite clock error, the scale of which can sometimes reach tens or even hundreds of metres. Except for E24 satellite, the annual accumulation of anomalies for Galileo satellites was <∼7 h, and the average annual accumulation of anomalies is ∼2.5 h. The accumulation of anomalies for E24 in 2017 was ∼50 h∼50 h, but this decreased to 4.5 h in 2018, indicating that its stability improved. Overall, the SIS stability in 2018 was improved compared with 2017. In addition, as the serious missing of broadcast ephemeris of Galileo satellites, it is not conducive to the continuity and reliability of the user's navigation and positioning.
Supernova explosions interacting with aspherical circumstellar material: implications for light curves, spectral line profiles, and polarization
Authors: Kurfürst P. , Pejcha O. , Krtička J.
Published: September 2020

Some supernova (SN) explosions show evidence for an interaction with a pre-existing nonspherically symmetric circumstellar medium (CSM) in their light curves, spectral line profiles, and polarization signatures. The origin of this aspherical CSM is unknown, but binary interactions have often been implicated. To better understand the connection with binary stars and to aid in the interpretation of observations, we performed two-dimensional axisymmetric hydrodynamic simulations where an expanding spherical SN ejecta initialized with realistic density and velocity profiles collide with various aspherical CSM distributions. We consider CSM in the form of a circumstellar disk, colliding wind shells in binary stars with different orientations and distances from the SN progenitor, and bipolar lobes representing a scaled down version of the Homunculus nebula ofηCar. We study how our simulations map onto observables, including approximate light curves, indicative spectral line profiles at late times, and estimates of a polarization signature. We find that the SN–CSM collision layer is composed of normal and oblique shocks, reflected waves, and other hydrodynamical phenomena that lead to acceleration and shear instabilities. As a result, the total shock heating power fluctuates in time, although the emerging light curve might be smooth if the shock interaction region is deeply embedded in the SN envelope. SNe with circumstellar disks or bipolar lobes exhibit late-time spectral line profiles that are symmetric with respect to the rest velocity and relatively high polarization. In contrast, SNe with colliding wind shells naturally lead to line profiles with asymmetric and time-evolving blue and red wings and low polarization. Given the high frequency of binaries among massive stars, the interaction of SN ejecta with a pre-existing colliding wind shell must occur and the observed signatures could be used to characterize the binary companion.
Ontomorphogenesis and life form of endemic the Pamiro-Alai Ziziphora Interrupts Juz. (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Bobokalonov Kobil A. , Cheryomushkina Vera A. , Boboev Mariyo T.
Published: September 2020

The results are obtained which expand understanding of the semi-woody plant structure. Ontomorphogenesis and life form of Ziziphora interrupta Juz., growing in Tajikistan, were studied. It was established that the ontogenesis of individuals is simple, incomplete, its duration is at least 14-16 years. The multivariance of ontogenesis is revealed, expressed in the rates of development and omissions of ontogenetic states. The description of the formation shoot showed that the individual is characterized by a basisympodial growth and the formation of the life form of a dwarf subshrub.
Variability of Platanus orientalis leaves under a heterogeneous environment in the Hissar Valley of Tajikistan
Authors: Davlatzoda Saifiddin , Bobokalonov Jamoliddin , Baikova Elena
Published: September 2020

Geospatial monitoring of leaves variability has been performed for Platanus orientalis L. (Platanaceae) in Hissar Valley of Tajikistan. 17 local populations were clustered in four territorial groups and investigated by 11 morphometric variables and four indices. Six levels of variability were taken in the classification of S.A. Mamaev. All tested parameters were ranked due to the total score of variability levels. It was established, that indicators which have the combination of high, increased, and medium levels of variability, can be recommended for the purpose of geospatial monitoring. In the studied set of variables are two such ones: (1) the ratio of the length of leaf blade to the lengh of petiole, and (2) the petiole lengh. These two indicators reliably respond to point sources of industrial environmental pollution (Aluminum and Cement factories). Six indicators with domination of the middle level of variability, are of diagnostic value to differ loci inside territorial groups of populations. The results of the experiment confirmed, that set of variability levels for 8 of 15 studied parameters has diagnostic matter for geospatial monitoring of environment conditions in Hissar Valley of Tajikistan.
In vitro propagation of endemic species Hedysarum chaiyrakanicum (Tuva Republic, Russia) and its widespread congener, H. gmelini (Fabaceae)
Authors: Erst Anna A. , Nuzhdina Natalia S.
Published: September 2020

A rare species Hedysarum chaiyrakanicum and a highly polymorphic species H. gmelini were first introduced into in vitro culture. It was shown that MS supplemented by 5 µM BAP is optimal medium for micropropagation of H. gmelini from 90-1 and 92-1 subpopulations, medium with 1 µM BAP is optimal for micropropagation of H. chaiyrakanicum from 45-2 subpopulation, and 10 µM BAP – for H. chaiyrakanicum from 45-1 subpopulation. Seedlings obtained from the seeds of H. gmelinii collected from the subpopulation no. 88 demonstrated a higher tendency to callus formation using BAP. It was also found that in vitro culture of H. chaiyrakanikum was characterized by a higher reproduction rate then H. gmelinii in vitro culture.
Mycobiota of asparagus vigna seeds (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) on the south of Western Siberia
Authors: Fotev Yury V. , Kazakova Olga A.
Published: September 2020

Composition of seed mycobiota of 87 accessions of asparagus vigna (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) from the N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) and the Bioresource Scientific Collection of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden (CSBG SB RAS) UNU No.USU 440534 have been investigated on 2018-2019. Seeds of accessions were grown on the south of Western Siberia (54 ° N lat. 83 ° E) in the unheated plastic film greenhouse and examined for fungal microbiota in the Central Siberian Botanical Garden and Novosibirsk State Agrarian University (Novosibirsk). The seed infestation of micromycetes was determined according to GOST 12044-93 (similar to common beans) using the methods of mycological analysis and the Petri dish moist chambers, also on Chapek and KDA media. The following pathogens were assigned to the permanent inhabitants of mycocenosis of asparagus vigna seeds: Fusarium spp., Mucor mucedo, Penicillium spp., Rhizopus spp., Aspergillus niger, to the occasional – Alternaria spp. Botritis sinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum occur moderately and intermittently in the samples of vigna seeds.The highest frequency of occurrence and infestation of asparagus vigna seeds were found for Aspergillus niger (min-max: 30-100% and 0-100%, respectively), the minimum for Alternaria spp. (0-10%).
On the rare species biology of the genus Iris L. in culture and natural habitats in the South Urals
Authors: Kryukova Anastasia V. , Mustafina Alfiya N. , Abramova Larisa
Published: September 2020

The article represents a comparison of rare species morphometric indicators and seed productivity of the genus Iris in the South Urals. It’s shown that I. scariosa, I. humilis and I. pseudacorus habitus deteriorate and seed productivity decreases under culture conditions, but I. pumila samples in culture outstrip plants in natural habitats. I. pumila is promising for cultivation in the South Ural region
Some promising sources of expansion of the introduction potential of Prunus pumila L.
Authors: Lezin Mikhail , Glaz Nikolai
Published: September 2020

Prunus pumila L is an introduction species that is well cultivated in the steppe regions of Russia and is used as a rootstock for plums and apricots and less often as an independent fruit crop. The cultivation efficiency is reduced due to instability to rotting in regions with higher snow cover. The species naturally spread in North America, where it is represented by several varieties that differ in morphological characters. Representatives of var. susquehanae Willd. spread on acidic substrates and sometimes occur in wetlands and probably can increase the adaptive potential of the introduction population. According to the characteristic feature of this species is the dense short pubescence of young twigs, 2 genotypes were identified in the introduction population, probably representing descendants of var. susquehanae. These genotypes are valuable for further introduction studies in regions with problems in the cultivation of the species due to plant rotting.
New ornamental cultivars of Bird cherry for northern region with severe climate
Authors: Lokteva Anna , Simagin Vladimir
Published: September 2020

Bird cherry is a highly winter-hardy tree that successfully grows in the boreal zone of Eurasia. It can be successfully used here in landscaping, but highly decorative varieties have not yet been created. Using genotypes of bird cherry and choke cherry with rare signs of leaves and flowers in the selection of genotypes made it possible to obtain a number of new highly decorative easily propagating varieties that are well adapted to local conditions with an original set of characters that are promising for decorative landscaping in the northern zone.
On the problem of preserving the biodiversity of the plant world in the Pripyat Polesie
Authors: Mialik Aliaksandr
Published: September 2020

The article deals with the problems of preserving the diversity of the plant world in the Pripyat Polesie (a natural region of the southern part of Belarus). It is shown that when compiling lists of vulnerable species, not only plants from the Red book of the Republic of Belarus should be taken into account, but also species that are protected at the international level, as well as those that grow on the borders of their area. Currently, there are 88 species that have a category of national conservation significance, and 80 taxa are included in the list of species of wild plants and fungi that need preventive protection in the Red book of the Republic of Belarus. A total of 225 species in the native flora are located on the borders of the areas, of which only 111 are officially protected. The international protected status has 61 species, which increases the sozological value of the studied flora. The category of probably extinct includes 29 species, the probability of their re-discovery cannot be completely excluded. The presented data, together with the General features of the flora and vegetation of the Belarusian Polesie, justify the feasibility of compiling a regional Red book.
Specifisity of phytocoenotic structure and biomass of ground cover in northern boreal forests of Middle Siberia
Authors: Mukhortova Liudmila , Krivobokov Leonid , Sergeeva Oksana , Meteleva Maria , Schepaschenko Dmitry
Published: September 2020

We measured biomass of living ground cover and analyzed specificity of carbon accumulation in the litter in different types of larch forests in northern boreal subzone of Middle Siberia.
In vitro and ex vitro rooting of Spiraea betulifolia subsp. aemiliana (Rosaceae), an ornamental shrub
Authors: Muraseva Dinara , Kostikova Vera
Published: September 2020

Two methods of rhizogenesis – in vitro and ex vitro of Spiraea betulifolia subsp. aemiliana (C.K. Schneid.) H. Hara microshoots have been compared. Pulse treatment of microshoots with aqueous solutions of 4% “Heteroauxin” or 2% succinic acid (ex vitro rooting) did not effective -rooting frequency ranged from 3 to 19%. It was established that the in vitro rooting on nutrient media supplemented with auxins was a more effective technique, providing a high percentage of rooted microshoots. The use of half- strength MS medium supplemented with 0.1 μM indolyl-3-butyric acid (rooting frequency 8 8%, root number 3.5 ± 0.3 per plantlet) was found to be the most efective for in vitro rooting. The in vitro rooted regenerated plantlets were successfully acclimatized with 55% of survival rate.
The genus Spondylosium Brebisson ex Kutzing in waterbodies of West Siberia (Russia)
Authors: Naumenko Yuri V.
Published: September 2020

The article generalizes data on the species diversity of the genus Spondylosium Brebisson ex Kutzing representatives in waterbodies of West Siberia, their distribution over zones and subzones. At present, 8 species and intraspecific taxa of the order Desmidiales are known in the region. These family representatives are mosaic spread throughout the territory of West Siberia. The largest numbers of taxa (5) are found in middle taiga, 1 and 3 taxa – in southern and northern taiga, respectively, from 2 to 4 taxa – in other zones. No species is recorded in the steppe zone. 6 species (7 taxa) of this genus are identified in lakes of diverse types, 4 species are known in streams, 2 species – in mires and temporary waterbodies. The analysis of the species confinement to environmental conditions has shown that the genus representatives can serve as indicators of acidic and slightly mineralized water. Indifferents (6 taxa) predominate as mineralization indicators, acidophiles (6 taxa) prevail among pH indicators.
Bioclimatic modeling of moss distribution: MaxEnt interpretation for test species
Authors: Pisarenko Olga , Makunina Natali
Published: September 2020

Bioclimatic modeling method MaxEnt is tested to micro-habitats occupying objects on the example of five moss species. Modeling is done out on a planetary and regional scale. Results are discussed.
Morphological traits of Ferula foetida (Bunge) Regel. in the desert of Mangystau
Authors: Sagyndykova Meruyert S.
Published: September 2020

The morphological traits of growth in aboveground and underground organs of Ferula foetida found in Mangystau, depending on the age and place habitat of the plant, have been studied for the first time. A very high variability (up to 54-98%) of the great majority of the morphological traits, except for sizes of leaves of the 1st rosette and length of the main root before branching (12-26%), is noted for all the studied populations, which is explained by almost proportional participation in formation of composition of populations with species of different age. Meanwhile, variation of isomers in both, aboveground and underground parts within each age-grade declines by several-fold (<10%) and remains stable regardless of the living environment.
New data on Myxomycetes of North-Eastern Russia
Authors: Soldatenkova Anastasiya , Baranova Yana , Alexandrova Alina , Matveev Andrey , Gmoshinskiy Vladimir , Vlasenko Anastasiya
Published: September 2020

Results of the study of species diversity of myxomycetes in North-Eastern Russia are presented. Moist chamber cultures were prepared with samples of leaf litter from Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and Magadan oblast and with samples of bark from two sample plots in the vicinity of Yakutsk and Neryungri. A total of 49 species in 23 genera, 9 families, and 5 orders were recorded during the study.
Architecture and life forms of Thymus jenisseensis (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Talovskaya Evgeniya B , Barsukova Irina N , Kurochkina Natalia Yu
Published: September 2020

Thymus jenisseensis is endemic to Southern Siberia. The structure of Thymus jenisseensis were studied with the use of an architectural approach. The architectural unit consist of branched compound skeletal axis of the 1st and 2nd order, and is repeated many times in the structure of adults. As a result of studying the architectural units of individuals growing in different sites of a coenopopulation, in the upper border of the forest belt (Tsagan-Shibetu, Republic of Tuva), differences were identified. An architectural unit consisting of branched orthotropic or ascending basisympodially accreting compound skeletal axes develops on a site of a dry riverbed; an architectural unit consisting of branched orthotropic or ascending acrosympodially accreting compound skeletal axes develops on a site of high-altitude steppe on a plain. The diversity of compound skeletal axes in the structure of architectural units contributes to the formation of two biomorphs (dwarf subshrub and dwarf shrub), changes in the vitality and duration of development of T. jenisseensis individuals. The identified features of architecture are morphological mechanisms of adaptation of the species to living conditions.
Biochemical Markers of Contact with the Organic Pollutants of Urban Atmosphere in the Leaves of Woody Plants
Authors: Tsybulya Natalya , Chindyaeva Lyudmila , Dultseva Galina
Published: September 2020

Changes caused by contact with typical organic pollutants of urban atmosphere (formaldehyde, benzaldehyde, hydroperoxides) in the chemical composition of the leaves and shoots of woody plants are investigated. A decrease in quinic acid content and an increase in shikimic acid content were detected in the young shoots of Picea obovata Ledeb. and Picea pungens Engelm.. Investigation of changes in the chemical composition of shoots in contact with pollutants under laboratory conditions revealed that the contact with formaldehyde and hydroperoxide affects the biochemical cycle of quinic acid. High concentration of gaseous formaldehyde was found to cause an increase in the content of lactic acid in the leaves of Padus maackii (Rupr.) Kom.. In the leaves of Tilia cordata Mill. and Syringa josikaea Jacq. fil., high formaldehyde concentration caused a decrease in glycolic acid content and an increase in oxalic acid content, while after the contact with gaseous benzaldehyde this compound was detected in the leaves in rather high concentration, Analysis of the ligneous parts of plants from the territories with heavy air pollution revealed increased content of syringaldehyde, which may be a consequence of the oxidative degradation of lignin under the action of atmospheric pollutants.
Little-known medicinal plants with a widespectrum of pharmacological action under the conditions of introduction in the Middle Urals
Authors: Vasfilova Evgeniya , Vorob’eva Tat’yana
Published: September 2020

Under conditions of introduction into the subzone of the southern taiga of the Middle Urals, species that are little known as medicinal plants in European countries and in Russia have been studied. These species have a wide spectrum of pharmacological action and are promising for use. Success of introduction was the most for Agastache foeniculum (Pursh) Kuntze, A. scrophulariifolia (Willd.) Kuntze, A. urticifolia (Benth.) Kuntze, Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt., Campanula rapunculoides L., C. latifolia L. These species are characterized by high winter hardiness, stable fruiting, give self-seeding, accumulate a sufficiently large biomass, are not damaged by diseases and pests.
Influence of growth regulators and nutritional composition on the embryoidogenesis process inRubus chamaemorusL. in microporesin vitroculture
Authors: Zontikov Dmitry , Krinitsyn Igor , Zontikova Svetlana , Malakhova Ksenia , Baghizadeh A. , Behroozi P. , Sergeev Roman
Published: September 2020

The effect of growth regulators and nutrient composition on the embryoidogenesis ofRubus chamaemorusL. (hermaphroditic cultivar Nubu and male plants selected in the Kostroma region) was studied. The density of microspores in the suspension was about 80000 pieces in 1 ml of a sterile aqueous solution with glucose. It was found that for the use of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid at a concentration of 0.2 mg/l, it is possible to obtain up to 33 ± 2 pcs. embryoids at a microspore density of 80000 in 0.5 ml of a sterile glucose solution. In an experiment on the influence of the mother liquor of the nutrient medium on the growth of embryoids, it was found that of the available combinations, more intensive growth processes took place on the nutrient medium with a reduced content of macronutrients to 2/3 of the base MS medium.
Diversity of Grasses as Producers of Atmospheric Aerosol Pollen Component
Authors: Zueva Galina , Golovko Vladimir
Published: September 2020

The article provides the results of a study dealing with pollen release into the atmosphere by 23 species from 21 genera of the Poaceae Barnh family. The species under investigation are the dominant ones in natural plant communities and are used as components in turf plant ^communities and belong to the group of ornamental grasses. Their pollen causes seasonal hay fever (allergic rhinitis), which accounts for the interest in the regularities of its drift. The drift distance is determined by the particles sedimentation velocity and depends on the number of pollen grains they include. The study estimates the cluster composition of pollen particles released into the atmosphere. All species under consideration massively form clusters consisting of two or more grains. Their share was 11,1-50,8%, the share of pollen grains in them was – 21.9-84,0%.