bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sébastien de La Haye de Silz : jeunesse tumultueuse et années d’enfermement
Authors: Le Masne Camille , Le Masne Pierre
Published: April 2018

Cet article retrace la vie de Sébastien de la Haye
de Silz et de sa famille jusqu’en 1791. Avant d’être chef de la
Chouannerie du Morbihan en 1794-1795 et de diriger à ce titre des
guerriers redoutables comme Cadoudal, Guillemot et Jean Jan, Sébastien
a eu une jeunesse tumultueuse, que nous relions au décès de sa mère et
au remariage de son père Jean-Sébastien, comte de Silz. Un conflit
familial s’engage entre Sébastien et son père, qui demande
l’enfermement de son fils par lettre de cachet. À l’issue d’une
procédure compliquée impliquant l’intendance de Bretagne à Rennes et
la maison du roi à Versailles, Sébastien est enfermé de 1781 à 1785 à
la maison de La Rossignolerie d’Angers. Seize lettres de lui nous
renseignent sur sa vie en prison. Il s’oppose tout du long à sa
détention, en mobilisant tout un réseau, famille, amis et
connaissances. La lettre de cachet dont il fait l’objet, et sa défense
en réponse (que nous connaissons par ses lettres), apportent un
éclairage sur la société d’ancien régime et sur la noblesse bretonne à
la veille de la Révolution.
Les débuts du territoire français de Kouang-Tchéou-Wan
Authors: Seivert Kévin
Published: April 2018

Le territoire de Kouang-Tchéou-Wan, acquis par la France au détriment de la Chine impériale à la fin du xixe siècle, reste dans l’histoire coloniale une possession largement ignorée. Pourtant, les autorités françaises envisagèrent pour ce bout de France un avenir florissant, désirant en faire l’égal économique d’Hong-Kong et de Macao. Charles Broquet, jeune médecin de Marine, est affecté à Kouang-Tchéou-Wan à la fin de l’année 1899. Durant son séjour, il va tenir un journal personnel dans lequel il relate le quotidien du territoire. Son récit, témoignage de premier ordre d’un observateur de la naissance de la colonie de Kouang-Tchéou-Wan, permet de retracer les débuts des Français, soumis à nombre de difficultés dans leur volonté d’expansion vers le Céleste Empire.
Le massacre de Maillé (25 août 1944)
Authors: Vandendorpe Clotilde
Published: April 2018

Le 25 août 1944, Maillé, un petit village de Touraine, connaît le même sort qu’Oradour-sur-Glane, rayé de la carte deux mois auparavant, le 10 juin. En effet, le matin du vendredi 25 août 1944, vers 9 heures, une troupe d’une soixantaine de soldats allemands encercle ce village d’Indre-et-Loire et y pénètre afin de tuer les habitants qui y résident. Après une tuerie de près de trois heures, les soldats quittent le village laissant derrière eux cent vingt-quatre victimes dont trente-sept hommes, trente-neuf femmes et quarante-huit enfants de moins de quinze ans. Le massacre de Maillé est, par son importance, le second massacre de populations civiles de la Seconde Guerre mondiale en France, après celui d’Oradour-sur-Glane. Or, il est quasiment tombé dans l’oubli pendant près de cinquante ans, aussi bien en termes judiciaires, politiques, historiques que mémoriels. Les facteurs qui ont conduit à cette « amnésie » sont multiples, ils entrent dans le cadre de l’après-guerre, des Trente Glorieuses et de la difficile construction mémorielle de ces années de guerre.
L’enseignement des langues anciennes au collège de l’Oratoire du Mans au xviiie siècle : une remise en cause du latin et du grec ?
Authors: Gouault Thierry
Published: April 2018

La refondation du collège (loi du 8 juillet 2013)
prévoit de nouvelles modalités pour l’apprentissage du latin et du
grec. Cette réforme a entrainé un débat, qui a dépassé le clivage
politique traditionnel, sur la place du latin et du grec dans les
cycles 3 et 4 de la scolarité des adolescents. La refondation a-t-elle
fait renaître la querelle des « Anciens » et des « Modernes » ?

Les régents du collège de l’Oratoire du Mans
(1624-1792) ont révolutionné la pédagogie en accordant une place
centrale à la langue vernaculaire ou vulgaire, en enseignant en
français les principales disciplines : l’histoire, la géographie, les
sciences et même le latin et le grec. Peut-on parler, pour l’ancienne
langue des savants et des humanistes, de langue morte ? Rien n’est
moins certain, surtout dans un xviiie siècle durant lequel le latin – la tradition
pré-tridentine imposant une liturgie toujours romaine – résiste à la
vulgarisation.

Pendant 168 ans, les presque 400 professeurs
oratoriens du Mans ont suivi des méthodes pédagogiques définies dans
des plans d’étude (Despautère, Lamy, Morin, Condren, Houbigant,
Rollin, Dumarsais…). L’objectif est de faciliter l’apprentissage des
langues anciennes qui sont devenues progressivement de simples
matières ; le français s’imposant comme la langue de l’instruction
nationale à la veille de la Révolution.
Les étudiants rennais à l’épreuve de l’occupation allemande
Authors: Melchior Hugo
Published: April 2018

En 1940, l’Université française apparaissait comme
« une pyramide sociale inversée ». Toutefois, en dépit de leur
situation radicalement différente de celle de la grande majorité des
jeunes Français de cette époque, qui leur conférait le sentiment
légitime d’occuper une place privilégiée au sein de la société, les
étudiants vont être confrontés, eux aussi, à cette période d’exception
politique découlant de la défaite de juin 1940. En effet, les
étudiants durent subir pareillement le poids des contraintes allemande
et vichyssoise, que ce soit à l’intérieur de leur université ou dans
l’espace public. Dès lors, il nous a semblé intéressant d’essayer de
restituer la réalité de ces différentes formes de contraintes qu’ont
eu à subir les étudiants dont l’étude du quotidien à l’heure allemande
a été longtemps ignorée dans l’historiographie, et cela en nous
intéressant au cas exemplaire des étudiants rennais.
Politique et humanitaire à l’échelle locale pendant la guerre d’Algérie : jumelages et colonies de vacances dans l’Ouest de la France
Authors: Denéchère Yves
Published: April 2018

Dans le contexte des « événements d’Algérie », le
gouvernement français lance en 1959 une grande opération de jumelage
des départements métropolitains avec les arrondissements d’Algérie.
Avec une forte propagande en faveur de l’œuvre sociale de la France
vers les populations d’Algérie, il s’agit de développer et de créer
des liens concrets de solidarité sur le plan humain. Les départements
de l’Ouest de la France acceptent tous de se jumeler, non sans
exprimer des critiques face à cette injonction de l’État. Certains
choisissent d’orienter leur aide vers les camps de regroupement forcé,
ce qui est une manière de détourner l’opération en mettant en avant le
sort très pénible des civils déplacés par l’armée française. Dans les
départements, associations et citoyens s’engagent dans la dimension
humanitaire de ces relations qui se concrétisent par des collectes,
des envois de colis et des correspondances, surtout au bénéfice des
enfants des arrondissements jumelés. Au-delà de la dimension politique
et des critiques, l’enfance miséreuse d’Algérie s’impose unanimement
comme la principale cause à promouvoir, celle qui réunit les
engagements humanistes, religieux et laïques. L’Ouest accueille des
centaines d’enfants lors de colonies de vacances estivales qui
deviennent les actions emblématiques des jumelages. Elles établissent
des liens directs entre les populations des deux côtés de la
Méditerranée, mais éphémères et dont il ne reste pratiquement plus
aucune mémoire.
L'exposition des petites filles à Rome sous la République et sous le Principat
Authors: Allély Annie
Published: April 2018

L’abandon des enfants est une pratique bien
attestée à Rome. Dans cet article nous voulons plus précisément nous
interroger sur l’abandon (expositio) des petites filles. Pour la
période républicaine et impériale, en reprenant et en croisant
différentes sources (ouvrages de fiction et documents historiques),
nous essaierons de savoir si les petites filles étaient plus souvent
abandonnées que les garçons. Pour traiter cette question, nous
disposons de la littérature de fiction, des pièces de théâtre (Plaute,
Térence) et des œuvres consacrées à la rhétorique (Sénèque le Rhéteur,
Quintilien). Parmi les sources historiques figurent notamment la
correspondance échangée entre Pline le Jeune et l'empereur Trajan sur
le sort des enfants exposés et élevés en Bithynie ainsi que des
contrats de nourrice égyptiens qui font état d'enfants abandonnés. Ces
différents documents nous permettront de nous interroger également sur
les causes de l'abandon des petites filles et de développer des
arguments démographiques.
Le hochet d’Archytas : un jouet pour grandir
Authors: Dasen Véronique
Published: April 2018

Aristote attribue à Archytas de Tarente l’invention
du hochet. La découverte ne concerne cependant pas l’objet, mais le
concept qui détermine son usage. Elle prend tout son sens à la lumière
de la dimension éducative de la musique prônée par le pythagoricien et
ses contemporains. Loin d’être un simple objet ludique, « le hochet
d’Archytas » participe pleinement au processus de « fabrication de
l’humain » qui transforme par étapes le tout-petit en être social en
Grèce ancienne. Le rythme et la musique structurent l’âme de l’enfant,
en le détournant d’activités désordonnées qui font prendre de
mauvaises habitudes. Son usage témoigne du souci d’entourer le tout
petit de soins adaptés à son âge dès la naissance. Il s’inscrit aussi
dans une gamme de soins qui inclut les berceuses et visent à assurer
une croissance en bonne santé. La représentation sur un chous attique
d’un enfant assis sur son pot, entouré d’un bâton à roulettes, d’un
chous et brandissant un hochet résume ce programme d’anthropoiesis :
il associe l’apprentissage de la propreté, de la marche, des rites
religieux de la cité, à la formation de l’âme par le rythme musical du
hochet.
Algaron. Itinéraires d’un charlatan en Bretagne au xviiie siècle
Authors: Droixhe Daniel
Published: April 2018

De nombreux vendeurs de drogues médicinales
parcoururent la Bretagne au xviiie siècle. L’un des plus connus est Algaron Toscano,
héritier d’une tradition de marchands ambulants italiens remontant
au xviie siècle. Les
Archives de la Société royale de médecine témoignent de son activité
dans plusieurs villes de Bretagne – Saint-Malo, Brest, Josselin – mais
aussi Chaillot et Saint-Quentin, entre 1779 et 1785. Algaron distribue
des prospectus présentant un « dépuratif du sang » censé soigner
diverses affections, dont le « cancer ». Cet article étudie les
procédés d’accréditation utilisés pour convaincre le public de
l’efficacité du remède, ainsi que certains caractères techniques des
thérapies proposées, par rapport à la médecine académique
contemporaine. Le nom d’Algaron est souvent associé à celui d’un autre
charlatan, Grassy, qui vend également un anti-cancéreux. L’historien
américain Matthew Ramsey signale sa présence à Nantes, Rennes,
Guingamp, Quintin, Morlaix, Josselin, etc., mais aussi, s’il s’agit du
même marchand, en Île-de-France, Thiérache et Gascogne. Son activité
est évoquée à Lamballe en 1786, où une « pancarte » fait état des
« noms de personnes qu’il a guéries depuis qu’il est à Nantes ».
D’autres « empiriques » proposant en Bretagne des remèdes contre « la
plus cruelle des maladies » sont mentionnés. Algaron, confronté à la
réglementation beaucoup plus sourcilleuse qu’établit la Société royale
de médecine, créée en 1778, modifia-t-il ou fit-il mine de modifier
son commerce, pour se conformer aux nouvelles exigences concernant les
« remèdes à secrets » ? On le voit en tout cas distribuer des produits
répondant aux souhaits et recommandations de l’hygiénisme montant.
Les cités sardinières, portes ouvertes aux épidémies de choléra (1852-1914)
Authors: Fichou Jean-Christophe
Published: April 2018

Comme tous les bassins industriels, le littoral
sardinier breton connaît au xixe siècle une croissance démographique exceptionnelle,
surtout par rapport aux autres régions de la province, intérieures et
agricoles. Dans certaines localités, où plus de cent cinquante usines
de sardines à l’huile ont été construites dans la confusion et le
désordre, comme à Douarnenez, au Guilvinec, à Concarneau ou à La
Turballe, le chiffre de la population urbaine triple en moins d’un
demi-siècle. Tous ces ports sardiniers sont caractérisés par une
hygiène publique et individuelle déplorable, résultat de la
convergence spontanée entre les intérêts des usiniers, le laxisme des
conseils municipaux et des comportements individuels indifférents et
passifs. La crasse, la surpopulation urbaine, le manque d’eau potable
sont responsables de la multiplication d’épidémies d’une rare
violence, et notamment des attaques du choléra, qui ravagent la
Bretagne littorale entre 1832 et 1912. Ce redoutable danger est
dénoncé par les fabricants de sardines à l’huile qui s’inquiètent de
ses conséquences économiques ; les plaintes de ces derniers poussent
les autorités municipales à prendre des mesures d’urgence et leur
imposent d’organiser des services d’hygiène de plus en plus sûrs. Il
faut croire d’ailleurs que cette volonté d’amélioration porte ses
fruits car on constate que les taux de mortalité, dans toutes les
villes sardinières, connaissent, après 1895 environ, une baisse rapide
et précoce, toujours plus marquée que dans les autres villes des
départements côtiers. La surmortalité urbaine fait place à une
sous-mortalité, évidente mais méconnue, au moins à l’échelle du bassin
sardinier. Cette constatation demanderait une enquête beaucoup plus
approfondie car elle ne correspond pas aux conclusions des
observateurs de l’époque souvent reprises par les auteurs actuels sans
vérification.
As trajetórias de Eleonora Menicucci de Oliveira e Angela Maria Silva Arruda entre revoluções e feminismos
Authors: Nascimento Sobreira Dayane
Published: April 2018

Eleonora Menicucci et Angela Arruda accomplissent des parcours engagés à l’élaboration des nouveaux modes de production de subjectivités et d’un monde plus philogyne. Mise en prison et torturée, Eleonora Menicucci a eu un contact antérieur avec le mouvement féministe de la ville de Belo Horizonte, Brésil ; d’où ele est partie ensuite pour João Pessoa, Brésil ; ville où elle a aidé dans la création du groupe Feministe Maria Mulher, le premier de l’état. Angela Arruda, exilée en France, a poursuivi sa militance dans des organisations de gauche, a participé du mouvement féministe français et a acquiert des habitudes de vie alternative. Elle est revenue au Brésil en 1982, après avoir aidé dans la création du groupe de femmes de Campina Grande/PB et inspiré le groupe Raízes, fondé après. À travers leurs histoires, qui regroupent la résistance à la dictature et la force des féminismes, nous avons comme but coudre des fils de l’histoire des resistances au regime militaire et aux structures patriarcales et misogynes, ce qui met en valeur la croissance du mouvement féministe de l’état de la Paraíba et du Brésil.
Violência Obstétrica: experiências de puérperas primíparas em uma maternidade pública / Obstetric Violence: experiences of puerperal primiparae in a public maternity
Authors: Messias Ane Laura Saraiva , Chagas Virginia Oliveira , Rezende Fabrícia Ramos , Prado Grazielly Rezende Pedra , Assis Thaís Rocha
Published: April 2018

O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar situações de violência obstétrica durante o trabalho de parto. Trata-se de um estudo de caso interpretativo em que os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada nos domicílios de quinze puérperas que realizaram o parto em uma maternidade pública do município sede de uma Regional de Saúde localizada no Estado de Goiás. A análise temática interpretativa foi conduzida por meio das etapas de redução, organização dos dados, identificação das unidades de significado, construção dos núcleos temáticos e interpretação dos resultados. Os resultados foram organizados em dois núcleos temáticos: experiência vivenciada durante a fase inicial do trabalho de parto e a experiência vivenciada pela puérpera durante a fase expulsiva do trabalho de parto.  Observou-se através dos relatos das participantes do estudo que, durante o trabalho de parto, houve pelo menos uma forma de violência obstétrica em que a assistência foi baseada na realização de intervenções ineficazes e sem o consentimento da parturiente.
Development and Physico-Chemical Characterization of Conducting Polymeric Zirconium Based Advanced Nanocomposite Ion-Exchangers for Environmental Remediation
Authors: Jacinth Mispa K. , Anusiya K. , Subramaniam P. , Murugesan R.
Published: April 2018

Polyaniline-Zr(IV) tungstovanadate and Polyaniline-Zirconium oxide nanocomposite ion -exchangers were synthesized and physico-chemical characterization done by FT-IR-UV spectral studies, XRD, SEM and TGA. These composites are having high mechanical strength, good electrical conductivity and stability than their individual components. The organic polymeric component of the composites provides mechanical as well as chemical stability whereas the inorganic component supports the ion-exchange behavior and thermal stability. Both the inorganic and organic parts are jointly responsible for their improved electrical conductivity. They have more promising ion exchange capacity towards alkali metal halides and have selective adsorption towards Pb(II) ion and these can be used as powerful candidates for water softening
Illness cognitions, doctor-patient communication and prescription adherence among first diagnosed hypertensive patients from a rural teaching hospital in South Africa
Authors: Peltzer K , Khoza L , Lekhuleni M E , M Alberts , Mekwa J , Sethosa E
Published: April 2018

This study examines the relationship between illness cognitions, doctor-patient communication and the use of prescribed medication among patients first diagnosed with hypertension in the outpatient department of a rural South African teaching hospital.

ABSTRAK

Hierdie studie ondersoek die verwantskap tussen siekte-kognisies, dokter-pasiënt kommunikasie en die gebruik van voorskrifmedisyne onder pasiënte wat die eerste keer met hipertensie gediagnoseer is, in die buitepasiëntafdeling van ‘n landelike Suid-Afrikaanse opleidingshospitaal.
Anxiety symptoms in regular school students in Mumbai City, India
Authors: Karande S , Gogtay NJ , Bala N , Sant H , Thakkar A , Sholapurwala R
Published: April 2018

Aim:

Anxiety disorders usually remain undiagnosed in school students owing to the internalized nature of their symptoms. The present study was conducted with the primary objective of evaluating the prevalence of anxiety symptoms in school students in Mumbai. A secondary objective was to assess the impact of variables (age, gender, presence of sibling, and type of school curriculum or school) on anxiety symptoms.

Materials and Methods:

Study cases (8–15 year olds) were recruited by nonprobability sampling from four English-medium schools. Anxiety was measured using Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS)-child self-report questionnaire. T-scores (total and subscales) were calculated and cut-off scores of >60 were considered as significant.

Results:

Symptoms of overall anxiety were present in 10.8% (53/493) of the students. Older students (12–15 year olds) had greater odds of having overall anxiety symptoms (crude OR = 4.36, 95% CI 2.27 to 8.39, P < 0.0001). Symptoms of all anxiety disorders were present in the 493 participants, with obsessions/compulsions and fears of physical injury being the most common (in 29.6% and 27.2%, respectively). Older students and boys had greater odds of having obsessions/compulsions (crude OR = 2.32, 95% CI 1.56 to 3.44, P < 0.0001; and crude OR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.04 to 2.27, P = 0.035, respectively]. Students with sibling (s) had greater odds of having fears of physical injury (crude OR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.78, P = 0.003).

Conclusions:

There is an urgent need to screen school students in our city for anxiety disorders.
A review of skeletal dysplasia research in India
Authors: Uttarilli A , Shah H , Shukla A , Girisha KM
Published: April 2018

We aimed to review the contributions by Indian researchers to the subspecialty of skeletal dysplasias (SDs). Literature search using specific keywords in PubMed was performed to retrieve all the published literature on SDs as on July 6, 2017. All published literature on SDs wherein at least one author was from an Indian institute was included. Publications were grouped into different categories based on the major emphasis of the research paper. Five hundred and forty publications in English language were retrieved and categorized into five different groups. The publications were categorized as reports based on: (i) phenotypes (n = 437), (ii) mutations (n = 51), (iii) novel genes (n = 9), (iv) therapeutic interventions (n = 31), and (v) reviews (n = 12). Most of the publications were single-patient case reports describing the clinical and radiological features of the patients affected with SDs (n = 352). We enlisted all the significant Indian contributions. We have also highlighted the reports in which Indians have contributed to discovery of new genes and phenotypes. This review highlights the substantial Indian contributions to SD research, which is poised to reach even greater heights given the size and structure of our population, technological advances, and expanding national and international collaborations.
Yōko Kanno's Cowboy Bebop Soundtrack
Authors: Bridges Rose
Published: April 2018

Cowboy Bebop is one of the most beloved anime series of all time, and if you ask its fans why, you can expect to hear about its music. Composer Yoko Kanno created an eclectic blend of jazz, rock, lullabies, folk and funk (to list just a few) for Cowboy Bebop’s many moods and environments. Cowboy Bebop’s blend of science fiction, westerns and gangster films promised to be “the work which becomes a new genre itself,” and only Kanno’s score could deliver.

In this volume of 33 1/3 Japan, musicologist Rose Bridges helps listeners make sense of the music of Cowboy Bebop. The book places it within the context of Bebop’s influences and Kanno’s larger body of work. It analyzes how the music tells Spike, Faye, Jet and the rest of the crew’s stories. Cowboy Bebop and its music are like nothing else, and they deserve a guide to match.

33 1/3 Global, a series related to but independent from 33 1/3, takes the format of the original series of short, music-basedbooks and brings the focus to music throughout the world. With initial volumes focusing on Japanese and Brazilian music, the series will also include volumes on the popular music of Australia/Oceania, Europe, Africa, the Middle East, and more.
Dylan’s Autobiography of a Vocation
Authors: Renza Louis A.
Published: April 2018

Many critics have interpreted Bob Dylan’s lyrics, especially those composed during the middle to late 1960s, in the contexts of their relation to American folk, blues, and rock ‘n’ roll precedents; their discographical details and concert performances; their social, political and cultural relevance; and/or their status for discussion as “poems.” Dylan's Autobiography of a Vocation instead focuses on how all of Dylan’s 1965-1967 songs manifest traces of his ongoing, internal “autobiography” in which he continually declares and questions his relation to a self-determined existential summons.
Forms of Life for Meaghan Morris
Authors: Brown Pam
Published: April 2018

Meaghan once remarked (I think to the poet and art critic Ken Bolton) that she didn’t like poetry because of all the empty space on the page. A quarter of a century ago in 1992, in Ecstasy and Economics: American Essays for John Forbes, she said she was ‘a desultory reader of poetry’ and that reading poetry might induce a ‘scary cultural estrangement’.1 In the foreword, she extrapolates the ‘awkward’ place of poetry in cultural studies then as being more an American problem than an Australian one but nearly a quarter of a century later I wonder if poetry has made an individuated local spot for itself, or even if it cares to. I mean, ‘should poetry worry?’
GLOBALLY INCREASED CROP GROWTH AND CROPPING INTENSITY FROM THE LONG-TERM SATELLITE-BASED OBSERVATIONS
Authors: Chen Bin
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Understanding the spatiotemporal change trend of global crop growth and multiple cropping system under climate change scenarios is a critical requirement for supporting the food security issue that maintains the function of human society. Many studies have predicted the effects of climate changes on crop production using a combination of filed studies and models, but there has been limited evidence relating decadal-scale climate change to global crop growth and the spatiotemporal distribution of multiple cropping system. Using long-term satellite-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and observed climate data from 1982 to 2012, we investigated the crop growth trend, spatiotemporal pattern trend of agricultural cropping intensity, and their potential correlations with respect to the climate change drivers at a global scale. Results show that 82.97 % of global cropland maximum NDVI witnesses an increased trend while 17.03 % of that shows a decreased trend over the past three decades. The spatial distribution of multiple cropping system is observed to expand from lower latitude to higher latitude, and the increased cropping intensity is also witnessed globally. In terms of regional major crop zones, results show that all nine selected zones have an obvious upward trend of crop maximum NDVI (p < 0.001), and as for climatic drivers, the gradual temperature and precipitation changes have had a measurable impact on the crop growth trend.
Memoirs of a socialist childhood in China: socialism, nationalism and getting ahead
Authors: Chen Lei
Published: April 2018

In this memoir, I accounted several episodes of my childhood of a middle class family in early 1990s in a Chinese urban city. Two major discourses permeated my account: the nationalism and socialism discourse and the upward social mobility discourse. While my family and I cherish the comfort and joy of everyday life enjoyed in the era of “socialism with Chinese characteristics”, the suffering past is like a ghost, peeking out behind the curtain.
The Hidden Punitiveness of Fines
Authors: Quilter Julia Ann , Hogg Russell
Published: April 2018

The fine is the most common penalty imposed by courts of summary jurisdiction in Australia, and fines imposed by way of penalty notice or infringement notice are a multiple of those imposed by the courts. The latter are being used for an increasing range of offences. This progressive ‘monetization of justice’ (O’Malley) and its effects have passed largely unnoticed. The enforcement of fines has, in most parts of Australia, been passed from the justice system to government revenue agencies with barely any public scrutiny or academic analysis. Sentencing councils, law reform commissions and audit and ombudsman offices have completed inquiries on fines, some of them wide-ranging and highly critical of existing arrangements. Yet, these inquiries arouse little public or media interest and, partly in consequence, there has been little political will to tackle fundamental problems as distinct from tinkering at the margins. After surveying the theoretical literature on the role of the fine, this paper considers the neglected question of fines enforcement. We present three case studies from different Australian jurisdictions to highlight issues associated with different models of enforcement. We show that fines enforcement produces very real, but often hidden, hardships for the most vulnerable. Despite its familiarity and apparent simplicity and transparency, the fine is a mode of punishment that hides complex penal and social realities and effects.
Consumer Perception Factors for Fashion M-Commerce and its Impact on Loyalty among Working Adults
Authors: Donni Ravichandra , Dastane Omkar , Haba Herman Fassou , Selvaraj Karthik
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of selected customer perceived value factors on the consumer loyalty towards Mobile commerce in Malaysia towards fashion and apparel industry. This research mainly proposes on the integrated model of dependent variable loyalty of consumer behavior with six independent variables such as Efficiency, System availability, Fulfillment, price as perceived value elements. Explanatory research is adopted and data was collected using a questionnaire developed based on the past researches. The sample of 215 M-shoppers is collected using convenience sampling and then analyzed with help of AMOS 22 tool mainly verified normality, reliability, confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modelling and path analysis. Correlation Analysis has been carried out for the latent constructs of the SEM to find the strength of relationship between variables and through the Path Analysis R-square value obtained indicated that the model explains most of the variability of the response data around its mean. Then, significance of the SEM is obtained using the P-value in which the exogenous variables ‘Efficiency & Privacy’ are found to be significant with the ‘Perceived Value’ and one of the exogenous variable ‘Price’ is found to be significant directly with the endogenous variable ‘Loyalty’. Mediating effects were considered to find the direct effects of exogenous variables on endogenous variables. Efficiency, privacy and price are the three important factors that any fashion industry in M-commerce should consider before marketing its products through mobile applications. Thus, businesses developing M-Commerce can come out with suitable value proposition for their M-shoppers based on the findings of this research.
Knowledge Management and Value Creation: Evidence from Tunisian Companies
Authors: Ouechtati Sana , Mellouli Samir
Published: April 2018

Knowledge management is considered as a way to well manage the intellectual capital of the company. The remarkable importance of knowledge management is reflected in the growing importance of its place in the world of economics. The objective of this paper is to study the impact of knowledge management on the different types of value creation such as economic, social, institutional and instrumental. To achieve this goal, we used a quantitative study of 35 Tunisian companies operating in different sectors. The empirical results of the exploratory analysis show that knowledge management has a significant impact on both economic value. On the contrary, it has a mixed impact on both social value.
Insurance Purchase: Price, Product, Promotion and Consumers Attitude Perspectives
Authors: Olanrewaju OWOLABI Adenike , Oladipupo AGBOOLA Omoniyi
Published: April 2018

This paper describes the impact of consumer’s attitude on the purchase of insurance product in Nigeria. The attitudes, most often negative, are mirrored through low patronage of insurance services. Data were collected through the use of self-structured closed questionnaire. The research adopted a descriptive survey design. One hundred and fifty (150) questionnaires were administered, however only one hundred and thirty two (132) were properly filled and good enough for data analysis. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Regression Analysis were used to test the hypotheses generated for the study at 0.05 alpha levels. The result of the study showed that there is a significant relationship between customer’s attitude and insurance product. Findings also revealed that there is a significant relationship between product awareness and price. Findings from the survey further revealed that promotion of insurance products have significant influence on consumers buying behavior. Insurance companies are advised to guarantee that their services are dependable and reliable, in that the services should not require an excessive amount of bureaucratic procedure of their customers in taking an insurance policy or getting their claim. Other feasible measures to boost patronage of insurance products were recommended for insurance firms and policy-makers.
Heterosis for Fruit Yield and Heat Tolerance Traits in Tomato (Lycopersicon Lycopersicum Mill.) Under Field Conditions
Authors: S. Hamisu H. , G. Ado S. , Y. Yeye M. , S. Usman I. , M. Mohammed S. , Usman A. , O. Afolayan S. , J. Yaduma J. , M. Mohammad S. , A. Idris B. , Y. Gwammaja M. , H. Hudu A. , B. Sanda N.
Published: April 2018

Field experiments were conducted at the National Horticultural Research Institute, Bagauda in the Sudan Savannah and Institute for Agricultural Research, Samaru in the Northern Guinea Savanna ecological zones of Nigeria between July-October, 2014 rainy season to estimates heterosis for fruit yield and heat tolerance traits of tomato under field conditions. The experiment comprised two heat tolerant (Icrixina and Rio Grande) and four heat susceptible tomato (Tima, Tropimech, Petomech and Roma Savana) which were crossed using half diallel mating design in the screen house. The resultant 15 hybrids, their parental lines along with four checks were laid out in partially balanced lattice design with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed significant variation among the genotypes for all traits except fruit diameter and cell membrane thermostability, indicating sufficient variability existed among the genotypes. The cross combinations Icrixina × Rio Grande, Icrixina × Tima, Icrixina × Roma Savana and Icrixina × Petomech were found heterotic over better parent for fruit yield and heat tolerance traits (Number of branches per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of flowers per cluster, number of fruits per cluster, number of fruits per plant, percentage fruit set and chlorophyll content) among the hybrids. These hybrids were superior over better parent have the potentiality to be exploited for developing commercial heat tolerant tomato hybrid under field conditions.
Factors Associated with Audit Committee Meeting Frequency: Evidence from Kuwait
Authors: Al-Hajri Meshari O.
Published: April 2018

Purpose: The purpose of the current study is to examine factors influencing Audit Committee (AC) meeting frequency in the Kuwaiti market. In particular, this study aims at investigating whether AC meeting frequency is significantly related to ownership concentration, board ownership, board characteristics, AC characteristics, and certain firm organizational characteristics. A regression model is used to examine the research questions of interest using data related to firms listed on the Kuwait Stock Exchange (KSE). The study’s results show that AC meeting frequency is positively related to ownership concentration, the audit firm type, and firm’s affiliation to the finance industry, but is negatively related to board independence and firm’s financial leverage. The results, however, reveals no significant relationship between AC meeting frequency and board size, or any of the AC characteristics examined.
Influencing Factors of Corporate Performance of Life Insurance Companies – Evidence from China
Authors: Wu Maoguo , Wang Yanyuan
Published: April 2018

At present, the life insurance industry in China is still in the initial stage of development, which is characterized by limited scale, low penetration rate and low intensity. However, the large population base, the proliferation of middle classes, and the continuously improving socio-economic environment in China imply underlying developmental opportunities for the life insurance industry. Gaps in state pension have appeared owing to the issue of aging population, which signals that insurance companies with commercial properties may become an integral part of resident endowment. Ever since 2014, Chinese government has implemented numerous policies that are beneficial to the life insurance industry, for instance, diversifying investment channels of premiums, allowing a certain proportion of premiums in risky investments, and removing the restriction that the rate of return on common stakeholders’ equity (ROE) of participating insurance is capped at 5%. This paper constructs a panel data of 36 Chinese life insurance companies from 2010 to 2014. A serial of preliminary tests are taken in order to avoid spurious regression. By dint of the fixed effect model and panel threshold model, the paper analyzes the relation between operation-related factors and the corporate performance of life insurance companies. According to empirical findings, bancassurance income rate, professional insurance agency income rate, participating insurance income rate, group insurance income rate, company scale and solvency adequacy ratio are negatively correlated with corporate performance. When life insurance companies are associated with banks in capitals, bancassurance income rate positively influences corporate performance. The paper also investigates the impact of specific marketing channel structure and product structure on corporate performance. Policy implications are proposed accordingly.
Critical Thinking as a Nourishing Interface to EFL Context in Higher Education
Authors: Petek Elcin
Published: April 2018

As one of the renowned learning and innovation skills of 21st century, critical thinking (hereafter CT) has been studied in various fields of education. Contrary to expectations, the emphasis on the mutual link between CT and language learning in tertiary education is newly flourishing. That being the case, the awareness of English as a Foreign Language (hereafter EFL) learners regarding this close connection and how it affects their perceived language learning potential should be inquired and increased. Drawing on such need, this paper reports on the investigation of an action research implementation and its effects on the perceptions of EFL learners over a ten week period of CT integrated practice. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data collected through two CT tasks, open-ended questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews based on learners’ logs revealed an unequivocal influence on the perspectives of EFL learners towards CT and language learning. The implementation also helped the learners improve their thinking and language skills.
Preparation of a Learning Module for Entrepreneurship Course at Economic Education Study Program of Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Sriwijaya University
Authors: Firmansyah Firmansyah , Rusmin Rusmin
Published: April 2018

The objective of this study was to prepare teaching materials in the form of entrepreneurship learning module to be used as a handbook in the classroom learning process. Entrepreneurship lecture of study program at FKIP UNSRI has various material differences delivered in lecturing activity. One of the objectives to be achieved in this study was to obtain a general description of the entrepreneurship learning materials that should be the subject. 14 materials obtained from the results of data processing from questionnaires given to lecturers of entrepreneurship courses were as follows: the scope of entrepreneurship, determination of ideas and entrepreneurial opportunities, business plan, innovation and creativity in entrepreneurship, the concept of management in entrepreneurship, marketing strategy and the concept of Break Event Point (BEP), subject of entrepreneurial ethics, entrepreneurial mindset, competitive strategy, motivation theory in entrepreneurship, risk management of customer behavior and the path to successful entrepreneurship. The materials obtained from this data processing were then used as a guide for the preparation of entrepreneurship learning modules starting from the preliminary study, in the form of needs analysis of the learning module and found out that entrepreneurship learning module needed to be prepared to support the achievement of learning objectives. The next step was to map the module based on the syllabus to obtain the title of the module developed, followed by the preparation of the opaque module and the module writing stages containing the introductory section (introduction, table of contents, list of figures, list of tables, description, module usage guide, glossary), section of learning materials (14 Materials) and references. Finally the entrepreneurship learning module for the students was prepared.
Impact of Humidity on Energy Absorption during Paper Tensile Test
Authors: Szewczyk Włodzimierz , Głowacki Krzysztof
Published: April 2018

The article analyses the effects of paper moisture content on energy absorbed during its tensile testing in the range of moisture equilibrium obtained during paper air conditioning at a temperature of 23°C. To predict changes in breaking energy caused by changes in moisture content, two calculation methods were proposed. The methods were verified on the basis of laboratory tests and calculation results, and their practical usefulness was confirmed.
Low-temperature gas carburizing of austenitic X5CrNi18-10 steel activated with a thin iron coating
Authors: Żółciak Tadeusz , Przywóski Andrzej
Published: April 2018

The study investigated the effectiveness of X5CrNi18-10 stainless steel activation by means of a thin iron coating for low temperature carburizing and the usefulness of the generator endothermic atmosphere for this process. In order to activate the steel surface an iron coating with a thickness of 1–2 µm was applied on it electrolytically electroless. Carburizing was carried out at the temperatures of 450–500oC in the atmospheres based on the generator endothermic atmosphere with the addition of nitrogen or hydrogen. Coating modification by adding a few per cent of sulphur to iron resulted in a reduction of the dispersion of hardness on the surface, and the appearing soot showed a loose connection with the coating. Alternative activation by means of the short-term oxy-nitriding and the following diffusion annealing promoted an increase of hardness on the surface and a reduction of its dispersion after carburizing. After carburizing in endogas of X5CrNi18-10 steel at 470oC during 30 h, a carburized layer with a thickness of approx. 35 μm and the surface hardness of approx. 1150 HV0,05 were obtained. Lowering the carburizing temperature by 20oC resulted in a decrease of the layer thickness by 20% after 24 hours of carburizing. The changes in the thickness of the layer carburized in endogas and the hardness on the surface since the carburization were determined.
Retributivist Theory of Punishment: Some Comments
Authors: Aina Adebayo ,   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2018

The Retributivist approach to punishment attempts to address the challenges posed by utilitarian conception that punitive actions should strictly be associated with a costeffective means to certain independently identifiable goods at the expense of justice. Justice proffers how the guilty deserve to be punished and no moral consideration relevant to punishment outweighs an offender’s criminal desert. However, this just desert provokes difficulty in discerning proportionality between the moral gravity of each offence and the specific penalties attached. This consequently degenerates to another form of ‘lex talionis’ (revenge) in punitive justice.
Valoración de la formación de los futuros docente de francés, lengua extranjera en el Grado en Educación Primaria, de la Universidad de Murcia
Authors: Paré Charlène , Soto Pallarés Carmen
Published: April 2018

Este artículo pretende estudiar la opinión del alumnado de último curso de Grado en Primaria en la Universidad de Murcia sobre su formación para enseñar el francés como lengua y cultura extranjera. Su finalidad es evaluar la formación lingüística y didáctica en francés  como lengua extranjera, a partir de la valoración de los estudiantes. Dicha evaluación se llevó a cabo mediante un estudio exploratorio, aplicando a los estudiantes dos cuestionarios mixtos, uno inicial, aplicado al inicio del último curso académico 2015-2016 y otro final, aplicado al finalizar el curso. Las respuestas a estos cuestionarios nos aportaron datos sobre la valoración de los estudiantes acerca de sus conocimientos lingüísticos en lengua francesa, sobre sus competencias docentes relativas a la didáctica de dicha lengua y cultura y al empleo de recursos variados y auténticos en el aula. Asimismo, hemos podido comprobar que los estudiantes de francés afirman estar suficientemente formados tanto en la adquisición de la competencia lingüística como en didáctica. Los resultados obtenidos reflejan que los estudiantes valoran positivamente la formación que reciben en el Grado en Educación Primaria, francés al estar muy centrada en la práctica de aula y que se sienten preparados para el uso y la elaboración de materiales variados para el aula. 
Maritime Lighthouses in the Republic of Croatia – Safety of Navigation and/or Tourist Attraction
Authors: Stanivuk Tatjana , Juričević Ivan , Žanić Mikuličić Jelena
Published: April 2018

The lighthouses are the most important navigation aids enabling safe navigation. Today, in the Republic of Croatia there are 46 maritime lighthouses in function. All the lighthouses are automated and controlled through the remote control system. In the Republic of Croatia, Plovput company is responsible for their maintenance. In recent years maritime lighthouses have increasingly been used for tourism. Still, their primary role has not been forgotten. The proof of this is the incorporation of the Automatic Identification System (AIS) in the lighthouses, raising the safety of navigation to a higher level. Interesting has been the market research in recent years, since there has been an increasing demand for lighthouses as tourist facilities. This is of great importance, as it provides additional financial resources for their maintenance. Unfortunately, the statistical data on renting and the availability of accommodation capacities indicates that there is space for improvement.
Issues in Dry Port Location and Implementation in Metropolitan Areas: The Case of Sydney, Australia
Authors: Black John , Roso Violeta , Marušić Eli , Brnjac Nikolina
Published: April 2018

The basic idea behind the concept of a dry port is a more efficient seaport access, movement of the seaport’s interface inland with the shift of flows from road to rail. The application of the concept results in a reduction of road transport to/from the seaport together with the associated broad social and environmental benefits. This paper examines the complex factors influencing the timeframes and location of close inland intermodal terminals with dry port characteristics - metropolitan intermodal terminals, as they are usually referred to - and their implementation, with a case study of the Sydney metropolitan region and Port Botany, Australia. The issues surrounding suburban freight terminals are a sub-set of the wider social and environmental problems of the interactions of seaports with their hinterland. Port Botany and its close inland intermodal terminals are very distinctive: there are very few ports in the world with such a well-developed network of close inland intermodal terminals. Nevertheless, the Moorebank terminal was first mooted in 2003 but the latest plans anticipate operations commencing in 2018. The paper illustrates some problematic aspects of long timeframes for the development of significant freight infrastructure.