bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Analysis of microRNA Expression Profiling for Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Li Kefei , Zhang Tao , Fan Huimin , Li Qinchuan , Ito Wulf , Torzewski Jan , Guo Jianhua , Liu Zhongmin
Published: November 2013

Objectives: To investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of coronary artery disease (CAD) using microarray expression profiles. Methods: The microRNA (miRNA) expression-profiling dataset GSE28858 was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, including 24 samples from 12 patients with CAD and 12 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified with false discovery rate (FDR) = 1% by the SAM (Significant Analysis of Microarray) algorithm. The target genes of selected differentials expressed miRNAs that were not only related to CAD, but were also in two databases (TargetScan, miRanda). Then, the interactive objects of selected target genes were predicted using the STRING database to construct an interaction network (confidence score = 0.4). These target genes and interactive objects were put into the KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) database, and the significant signaling pathway was obtained by hypergeometric function enrichment analysis (p < 0.05). Results: MiRNA-526b was the only differentially expressed miRNA that was upregulated in patients with CAD (FDR = 1%). Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was the target gene of miRNA-526b that occurred with the highest frequency. The objects that interacted with TLR4 were predicted using the STRING database and the interaction network was obtained. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway was the only selected significant pathway related with CAD in the interaction network (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The miRNA-526b is significantly upregulated in patients with CAD and the target gene of miRNA-526b participates in the VEGF signaling pathway. Whether or not the miRNA-526b can be used as a biomarker remains to be elucidated in a larger prospective study.
Diagnosis of Erythema Nodosum Leprosum (Type 2 Reaction) by Cytology
Authors: Ray Rudranarayan , Mondal Rajib Kumar , Pathak Swapan
Published: November 2013

Objective: It was the aim of this study to evaluate the possible role of cytology in erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) and its use for early treatment of the disease. Study Design: We present a prospective study conducted with 15 clinically diagnosed ENL cases. Among them, 13 cases had previously been diagnosed with lepromatous leprosy (LL) and 2 patients were new LL cases with signs and symptoms of ENL lesions. Haematoxylin and eosin stain with modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain was performed on fine needle aspiration material. One case was sent for biopsy. Results: Complete cytological diagnosis of ENL was done in all 15 cases. Histopathological study revealed classical ENL lesions which also showed ENL features in cytodiagnosis. Conclusion: In the past, the accurate mode of diagnosis of ENL lesions was histopathology. However, clinicians have to wait a long time for the report and generally they start treatment only on the basis of clinical signs and symptoms. Cytodiagnosis of ENL lesions is an early, effective method for accurate diagnosis and helps to initiate treatment for these painful lesions.
A
Drosophila melanogaster
Model of Diastolic Dysfunction and Cardiomyopathy Based on Impaired Troponin-T Function
Authors: Cozhimuttam Viswanathan Meera , Kaushik Gaurav , Engler Adam J. , Lehman William , Cammarato Anthony
Published: November 2013

Rationale:

Regulation of striated muscle contraction is achieved by Ca
2+
-dependent steric modulation of myosin cross-bridge cycling on actin by the thin filament troponin–tropomyosin complex. Alterations in the complex can induce contractile dysregulation and disease. For example, mutations between or near residues 112 to 136 of cardiac troponin-T, the crucial TnT1 (N-terminal domain of troponin-T)–tropomyosin-binding region, cause cardiomyopathy. The
Drosophila upheld

101

Glu/Lys amino acid substitution lies C-terminally adjacent to this phylogenetically conserved sequence.

Objective:

Using a highly integrative approach, we sought to determine the molecular trigger of
upheld

101

myofibrillar degeneration, to evaluate contractile performance in the mutant cardiomyocytes, and to examine the effects of the mutation on the entire
Drosophila
heart to elucidate regulatory roles for conserved TnT1 regions and provide possible mechanistic insight into cardiac dysfunction.

Methods and Results:

Live video imaging of
Drosophila
cardiac tubes revealed that the troponin-T mutation prolongs systole and restricts diastolic dimensions of the heart, because of increased numbers of actively cycling myosin cross-bridges. Elevated resting myocardial stiffness, consistent with
upheld

101

diastolic dysfunction, was confirmed by an atomic force microscopy–based nanoindentation approach. Direct visualization of mutant thin filaments via electron microscopy and 3-dimensional reconstruction resolved destabilized tropomyosin positioning and aberrantly exposed myosin-binding sites under low Ca
2+
conditions.

Conclusions:

As a result of troponin–tropomyosin dysinhibition,
upheld

101

hearts exhibited cardiac dysfunction and remodeling comparable to that observed during human restrictive cardiomyopathy. Thus, reversal of charged residues about the conserved tropomyosin-binding region of TnT1 may perturb critical intermolecular associations required for proper steric regulation, which likely elicits myopathy in our
Drosophila
model.
Recommendations of the Sardinian public for the treatment of depression
Authors: Carta Mauro G , Angermeyer Matthias C , Matschinger Herbert , Holzinger Anita , Pintus Elisa , Pintus Mirra , Moro Maria F
Published: November 2013

Background:

Public beliefs about appropriate treatment impact, help-seeking and treatment adherence.

Aim:

To determine the recommendations of the Sardinian public for the treatment of depression.

Methods:

In 2012, a population-based survey was conducted by phone in Sardinia ( N = 1,200). In the context of a fully structured interview, respondents were presented with a vignette depicting a case of depression. Subsequently, they were asked about their treatment recommendations. The results are contrasted with findings from a similar survey which had been conducted in Vienna 3 years before.

Results:

In Sardinia as in Vienna, psychotherapy was the uncontested favorite, while antidepressant medication was recommended by relatively few respondents. In Sardinia, there were also no marked differences between urban and rural areas with regard to these two treatments. However, between Sardinia and Vienna, as well as within Sardinia, great differences were found with regard to autogenic training and ‘alternative’ methods like homeopathic medicines and acupuncture.

Conclusion:

Cross-cultural comparisons may help better understand treatment preferences of the public. In Sardinia, as in Vienna, there seems to be a need for improving the public’s knowledge about the appropriate treatment of depression.
The Influence of Divorce and Parents’ Communication Skills on Adolescents’ and Young Adults’ Stress Reactivity and Recovery
Authors: Afifi Tamara D. , Granger Douglas A. , Joseph Andrea , Denes Amanda , Aldeis Desiree
Published: November 2013

This study examined whether the impact of parents’ marital status (divorced/married) on children’s hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis (measured through salivary cortisol) and sympathic nervous system (SNS; measured through salivary alpha-amylase or sAA) response and recovery patterns was moderated by parents’ communication skills and the age of the child. One hundred eighteen parent–child (ages 15-22) dyads talked about something stressful related to the parents’ relationship. Children who thought their parents were more communicatively incompetent had higher pre-interaction sAA levels. In addition, children whose parents were communicatively skilled (i.e., socially supportive, communicatively competent, children felt less caught between them) were able to down regulate quickly after the discussion, regardless of the marital status of the parent and the age of the child. The results for sAA, and somewhat for cortisol, revealed that parents’ marital status and the age of the child were important in determining differences in children’s physiological response and recovery patterns only when parents were less communicatively skilled.
Effects of 900 MHz electromagnetic field emitted by cellular phones on electrocardiograms of guinea pigs
Authors: Meral I , Tekintangac Y , Demir H
Published: November 2013

This study was carried out to determine the effects of electromagnetic field (EMF) emitted by cellular phones (CPs) on electrocardiograms (ECGs) of guinea pigs. A total of 30 healthy guinea pigs weighing 500–800 g were used. After 1 week of adaptation period, animals were randomly divided into two groups: control group ( n = 10) and EMF-exposed group ( n = 20). Control guinea pigs were housed in a separate room without exposing them to EMFs of CPs. Animals in second group were exposed to 890–915 MHz EMF (217 Hz of pulse rate, 2 W of maximum peak power and 0.95 wt kg−1 of specific absorption rate) for 12 h day−1 (11 h 45 min stand-by and 15 min speaking mode) for 30 days. ECGs of guinea pigs in both the groups were recorded by a direct writing electrocardiograph at the beginning and 10th, 20th and 30th days of the experiment. All ECGs were standardized at 1 mV = 10 mm and with a chart speed of 50 mm sec−1. Leads I, II, III, lead augmented vector right (aVR), lead augmented vector left (aVL) and lead augmented vector foot (aVF) were recorded. The durations and amplitudes of waves on the trace were measured in lead II. The data were expressed as mean with SEM. It was found that 12 h day−1 EMF exposure for 30 days did not have any significant effects on ECG findings of guinea pigs. However, this issue needed to be further investigated in a variety of perspectives, such as longer duration of exposure to be able to elucidate the effects of mobile phone-induced EMFs on cardiovascular functions.
West is best: Affective assemblages and Spanish oöcytes
Authors: Kroløkke Charlotte Halmø
Published: November 2013

This article employs the concept of affective assemblage to discuss how fertility travelers make sense of their decision to travel to Spain for oöcyte donation. Motherhood is brought into being through racialized and gendered discourses on ova exchange; idealized and feminized (fertile and gift-giving) Spanish donor bodies. In their accounts, fertility travelers employ a narrative in which oöcytes become necessary spare parts, yet also, exotic substances with temperament and racialized nationality as well as collective bodies – shaped by the recipient woman’s body, intent, and desire. In this manner, kinship is created through shared blood and space, desire and intent while differences between recipients and donors are minimized. The directionality of desire, hope, and imagination has the effect of naturalizing transnational egg donation and transforming it into a shared western European femininity of sorts.
New drug therapies interfering with the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system for resistant hypertension
Authors: Monge Matthieu , Lorthioir Aurélien , Bobrie Guillaume , Azizi Michel
Published: November 2013

There is a persistent need for the development of new antihypertensive drugs, because the control of blood pressure is still not achievable in a significant proportion of hypertensive patients. Since the approval in 2007 of aliskiren, no other new antihypertensive based on new mechanism(s) of action have been approved. In fact, the development of promising novel drugs has been stopped for safety, efficacy or marketing reasons. Despite these difficulties, the pipeline is not dry and different new antihypertensive strategies targeting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway, are in clinical development stage. The dual angiotensin II receptor-neprilysin inhibitor LCZ696, a single molecule synthetized by cocrystallisation of valsartan and the neprilysin inhibitor prodrug AHU377 is in development for resistant hypertension and for heart failure. Daglutril is a dual neprylisin-endothelin converting enzyme inhibitor which was shown to decrease BP in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Aldosterone synthase inhibitors and the third and fourth generation non-steroidal dihydropyridine based mineralocorticoid receptors blockers are new ways to target the multiple noxious effects of aldosterone in the kidney, vessels and heart. Centrally acting aminopeptidase A inhibitors block brain angiotensin III formation, one of the main effector peptides of the brain renin angiotensin system. However, a long time will be still necessary to evaluate extensively the efficacy and safety of these new approaches. In the mean time, using appropriate and personalized daily doses of available drugs, decreasing physician inertia, improving treatment adherence, improving access to healthcare and reducing treatment costs remain major objectives to reduce the incidence of resistant hypertension.
Theoretical Study on the Selective Fluorescence of PicoGreen: Binding Models and Photophysical Properties
Authors: Okoshi Masaki , Saparpakorn Patchreenart , Takada Yuta , Hannongbua Supa , Nakai Hiromi
Published: November 2013

PicoGreen (PG) is used as a probe to selectively quantitate double-stranded (ds-) DNA because it shows unique fluorescence enhancement when complexed with DNA. By binding to ds- and single-stranded (ss-) DNA, the quantum yields of PG–DNA complexes become remarkably larger than that of a free molecule. In the present theoretical study, the fluorescence enhancement mechanism of PG–DNA complexes was investigated using molecular docking simulations and ab initio quantum chemical methods. The binding energies between PG and ds-DNA were calculated to be larger than those in the case of PG and ss-DNA owing to the existence of an extra π–π stacking interaction. Nonradiative deactivation paths through conical intersections between the ground and the first excited states were obtained for a free PG molecule, while steric repulsions between PG and DNA hindered such deactivation processes in the case of PG–DNA complexes.
Reduction of Graphene Oxide in Solution by Radical Treatment
Authors: Tanaka Hiroshige , Obata Seiji , Saiki Koichiro
Published: November 2013

Reduction of graphene oxide is a promising way for scalable production of graphene. The graphene reduced chemically from graphene oxide, however, retains many defects which were formed in the oxidation process, and thus its crystallinity is rather poor. Here, we report an effective reduction method of graphene oxide by radical treatment in solution. Graphene oxide was reduced more effectively by CH3I or BrC2H4Br than by hydrazine, which is a chemical reagent used for conventional reduction of graphene oxide. This radical reduction would facilitate large-scale production of graphene for various applications.
The Pedagogy of Adaptation: Using Specialised Disciplinary Knowledge to Develop Creative Skills
Authors: McKinnon James S
Published: November 2013

This study evaluates a pilot project which attempts to use research on ‘adaptive dramaturgy’ to equip students with creative and collaborative skills. Long dismissed as a form of derivative copying, adaptation is now increasingly understood not in opposition to creativity but as its basis. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of two teaching and learning interventions developed by linking creativity research, adaptation studies, and scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL). Both interventions use strategies identified in research on ‘adaptive dramaturgy’ as the basis of group learning projects that facilitate creative and collaborative skills.The author postulated that using adaptation to solve creative and critical problems would help students recognise creativity as a set of skills they could learn and master, not an innate or inscrutable ‘talent’. This study evaluates the interventions by examining data collected from pre- and post-course questionnaires and group interviews to determine how the participants experienced them. In addition to presenting evidence about the efficacy of the interventions (and their potential for adaptability to other contexts and disciplines), this study provides a model for tackling a problem familiar to scholars across disciplines: how to make specialised disciplinary research both accessible and useful to students seeking general, transferable skills.
Updating Qualifications for the Career Guidance Profession in Scotland: Navigating the Maze
Authors: Allan Graham , Moffett Janet , Robertson Peter J.
Published: November 2013

This paper describes work in progress to modernise the initial training arrangements for the career guidance profession in Scotland. In a process initiated by the University of the West of Scotland, the Quality Assurance Agency benchmark for the subject is under review. The outcomes of the process may have implications for the training of career advisers and guidance practitioners across the UK.
CLN3 Loss Disturbs Membrane Microdomain Properties and Protein Transport in Brain Endothelial Cells
Authors: Tecedor Luis , Stein Colleen S. , Schultz Mark L. , Farwanah Hany , Sandhoff Konrad , Davidson Beverly L.
Published: November 2013

Juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (JNCL) is a fatal childhood-onset neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in ceroid lipofuscinosis neuronal-3 (CLN3), a hydrophobic transmembrane protein of unresolved function. Previous studies indicate blood–brain barrier (BBB) defects in JNCL, and our earlier report showed prominentCln3expression in mouse brain endothelium. Here we find that CLN3 is necessary for normal trafficking of the microdomain-associated proteins caveolin-1, syntaxin-6, and multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) in brain endothelial cells. Correspondingly, CLN3-null cells have reduced caveolae, and impaired caveolae- and MDR1-related functions including endocytosis, drug efflux, and cell volume regulation. We also detected an abnormal blood–brain barrier response to osmotic stressin vivo. Evaluation of the plasma membrane with fluorescent sphingolipid probes suggests microdomain destabilization and enhanced fluidity in CLN3-null cells. In further work we found that application of the glycosphingolipid lactosylceramide to CLN3-deficient cells rescues protein transport and caveolar endocytosis. Last, we show that CLN3 localizes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and partitions with buoyant microdomain fractions. We propose that CLN3 facilitates TGN-to-plasma membrane transport of microdomain-associated proteins. Insult to this pathway may underlie BBB dysfunction and contribute to JNCL pathogenesis.
Meditation im Kontext der indischen Philosophie
Authors: Böhler Arno
Published: November 2013

Die Yoga-Sūtren von Patañjali stellen die erste systematische Niederschrift indischer Yoga- Philosophien dar. Patañjali beschreibt darin den 8-gliedrigen Pfad des Yoga (aṣṭāṅgayoga), der in der Realisation der drei inneren Glieder der yogischen Sammlung (saṃyama) gipfelt: Konzentration (dhāraṇā), Meditation (dhyāna) und Versenkung (samādhi). Ein Zustand, in dem nur noch der Gegenstand leuchtet. Gerade so, als ob das Ich verschwunden wäre. Für Patañjalis Auffassung von Meditation ist charakteristisch, dass dieses meditative Sein zur Welt von den Menschen zwar nicht willentlich herbeigeführt, durch die Übung der fünf äußeren Glieder von Yoga aber sehr wohl tätig vorbereitet werden kann: durch die Einübung yogischer Verhältnisse zu anderen (1), zu uns selbst (2) und die Ausbildung einer yogischen Körperhaltung (3) und Atmung (4). All diese Praktiken machen uns reif für das Ereignis jenes Sinneswandels (5), der uns das innere Selbst schmecken lässt und damit die Tore für die yogische Sammlung (6-8) öffnet.
Meditation im Schnittfeld von Psychotherapie, Hochgradfreimaurerei und Kirchenreform
Authors: Baier Karl
Published: November 2013

Carl Happich entwickelte nach dem ersten Weltkrieg neue Formen der Meditation, die er in der Psychotherapie und für spirituelle Reformprojekte im Rahmen der Freimaurerei und der evangelischen Kirche einsetzte. Es wird gezeigt, dass seine Versuche im Milieu von Brückeninstitutionen angesiedelt waren, die zwischen traditionellen Organisationen mit religiösen Zielen und modernen Formen der Lebensgestaltung im säkularen bzw. neureligiösen Bereich vermittelten. Nach der Darstellung seines Begriffs von Meditation werden die verschiedenen Übungsformen vor diesem Hintergrund analysiert, verglichen und in ihrer Wirkungsgeschichte dargestellt. Besonderes Augenmerk liegt auf den tiefenpsychologischen und vor allem auf den freimaurerischen Bezügen, in denen seine Selbstpraktiken stehen.
Design, construction and performance of a horizontal subsurface flow wetland system in Australia
Authors: Bolton Lise M. W. , Bolton Keith G. E.
Published: November 2013

Malabugilmah is a remote Aboriginal community located in Clarence Valley, Northern NSW, Australia. In 2006, seven horizontal subsurface flow wetland clusters consisting of 3 m × 2 m wetland cells in series were designed and constructed to treat septic tank effluent to a secondary level (Total Suspended Solids (TSS) < 30 mg/L and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) <20 mg/L) and achieve >50% Total Nitrogen (TN) reduction, no net Total Phosphorus (TP) export and ≥99.9% Faecal Coliform (FC) reduction. The wetland cell configuration allowed the wetlands to be located on steeper terrain, enabling effluent to be treated to a secondary level without the use of pumps. In addition to the water quality targets, the wetlands were designed and constructed to satisfy environmental, economic and social needs of the community. The wetland systems were planted with a local Australian wetland tree species which has become well established. Two wetland clusters have been monitored over the last 4 years. The wetlands have demonstrated to be robust over time, providing a high level of secondary treatment over an extended period.
Improving the reliability of closed chamber methodologies for methane emissions measurement in treatment wetlands
Authors: Corbella Clara , Puigagut Jaume
Published: November 2013

Non-homogeneous mixing of methane (NHM) within closed chambers was studied under laboratory conditions. The experimental set-up consisted of a PVC vented chamber of 5.3 litres of effective volume fitted with a power-adjustable 12 V fan. NHM within the chamber was studied according to fan position (top vs lateral), fan airflow strength (23 vs 80 cubic feet per minute) and the mixing time before sample withdrawal (5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes). The potential bias of methane flux densities caused by NHM was addressed by monitoring the difference between linearly expected and estimated flux densities of ca. 400, ca. 800 and ca. 1,600 mg CH4.m−2 d−1. Methane within the chamber was under non-homogeneous conditions. Accordingly, methane concentrations at the bottom of the chamber were between 20 to 70% higher than those recorded at the middle or top sections of the chamber, regardless of fan position, fan air-flow strength or time before sample withdrawal. NHM led to notable biases on flux density estimation. Accordingly, flux density estimated from top and middle sampling sections were systematically lower (ca. 50%) than those expected. Flux densities estimated from bottom samples were between 10% higher and 25% lower than expected, regardless of the flux density considered.
Role of Synaptic Plasticity and EphA5-EphrinA5 Interaction Within the Ventromedial Hypothalamus in Response to Recurrent Hypoglycemia
Authors: Szepietowska Barbara , Horvath Tamas L. , Sherwin Robert S.
Published: November 2013

Hypoglycemia stimulates counterregulatory hormone release to restore euglycemia. This protective response is diminished by recurrent hypoglycemia, limiting the benefits of intensive insulin treatment in patients with diabetes. We previously reported that EphA5 receptor-ephrinA5 interactions within the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) influence counterregulatory hormone responses during acute hypoglycemia in nondiabetic rats. In this study, we examined whether recurrent hypoglycemia alters the capacity of the ephrinA5 ligand to activate VMH EphA5 receptors, and if so, whether these changes could contribute to pathogenesis of defective glucose counterregulation in response to a standard hypoglycemic stimulus. The expression of ephrinA5, but not EphA5 receptors within the VMH, was reduced by antecedent recurrent hypoglycemia. In addition, the number of synaptic connections was increased and astroglial synaptic coverage was reduced. Activation of VMH EphA5 receptors via targeted microinjection of ephrinA5-Fc before a hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemic clamp study caused a reduction in the glucose infusion rate in nondiabetic rats exposed to recurrent hypoglycemia. The increase in the counterregulatory response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia was associated with a 150% increase in glucagon release (P < 0.001). These data suggest that changes in ephrinA5/EphA5 interactions and synaptic plasticity within the VMH, a key glucose-sensing region in the brain, may contribute to the impairment in glucagon secretion and counterregulatory responses caused by recurrent hypoglycemia.
Ilial crest bone graft transposition as treatment for fracture of the medial femoral trochlear ridge in a dog
Authors: Dimopoulou M. , Lee M. H. , Ostberg S. E.
Published: November 2013

This is a report of a fracture of the medial trochlear ridge of the distal femur occurring as a major complication after surgery for medial patellar luxation. To address the complication, a non-vascularized iliac bone graft was collected and fixated with two positional screws to the trochlea. An external skeletal fixator was placed to prevent motion of the stifle joint during the healing period and to reduce the risk for fragment dislodgment. One year after the graft was placed the dog’s function was satisfactory. This case report indicates that a non-vascularized iliac bone graft provides an alternative for management of fractures of the medial ridge of the distal femur.
La intensidad de los sonidos españoles
Authors: Albalá María José , Marrero Victoria
Published: November 2013

La primera parte de este trabajo es un estado de la cuestión sobre los correlatos articulatorios de la intensidad de los sonidos, sobre las llamadas escalas de fuerza y sobre la relación entre la intensidad y otros parámetros acústicos tales como la frecuencia fundamental, el timbre y la duración. En la segunda parte, de carácter experimental, se presenta una nueva escala de intensidad de los fonemas del español obtenida a partir de la grabación y el análisis de muestras de voz natural.
Sobre la lección feste del Libro de Buen Amor
Authors: Jurado José
Published: November 2013

La lección feste ha sido objeto de diversos comentarios de editores y críticos. Para el autor de este artículo feste ha de identificarse con el alfóstigo/alfócigo, la baya del pistachero, arbusto campestre que, como los avellanos, suele crecer a las orillas de los ríos y en sitios húmedos. Según esto, la comparación ruiciana cobra un sentido justificable y preciso: "el primer retozón comparado con este último no vale más que un pistacho"; nueva interpretación que, aunque se desvíe de las diversas acepciones concretas propuestas hasta ahora para el término de comparación por los estudiosos del LEA, se conforma bien con el obvio sentido amplio de 'cosa insignificante' que ellos ya resaltan en razón a que el tal se deduce del contexto mismo.
La palmacristi o jiguereta 'higuereta', raro americanismo de un texto aragonés dieciochesco
Authors: Frago Gracia Juan Antonio
Published: November 2013

Examen del latinismo palmacristi que muestra que es en el XVIII cuando decididamente se asocia con los nombres tradicionales del ricino, muy especialmente con los basados en higuera y sufijados suyos, entre ellos higuereta (con la variante fonética jiguereta). Dicha identificación se produjo preferentemente en América, donde este cultivo estuvo muchísimo más extendido que en España, con especies arbóreas asimismo diversificadas, siendo ese ricino indiano objeto de un activo comercio, al que se refiere Antonio Arteta en su Discurso instructivo sobre las ventajas que puede conseguir la industria de Aragón… (Madrid, 1783).
Sebastián de Horozco (1510-1580) y un cuento anticlerical suyo
Authors: Weiner Northern Jack
Published: November 2013

Este estudio tiene dos propósitos. El primero es mostrar el carácter anticlerical del cuento # 238, «Los niños y los locos dizen las verdades», del recién publicado libro de Horozco titulado El libro de los proverbios glosados (1570-1580) (I:302-303). De ahora en adelante LPG. El segundo propósito de este estudio es colocar el susodicho cuento dentro de la corriente picaresca y mostrar los rasgos que comparte con el Lazarillo de Tormes.
Referencias a Fernández de Santaella en el Lexicon Ecclesiasticum de Diego Jiménez Arias
Authors: Medina Guerra Antonia M.
Published: November 2013

No disponible.
La corrección lingüística. Furió Ceriol y Palmireno en el Ciceronianismo español
Authors: Luján Ángel Luis
Published: November 2013

No disponible.
Palabras del siglo XVI
Authors: Hernández Esther
Published: November 2013

Ofrecemos aquí una lista de palabras halladas en el diccionario de fray Alonso de Molina (México, 1555 y 1571) que adelantan la primera documentación con que aparecen en el DCECH. Mediante el testimonio de Molina pretendemos aportar algún dato sobre la historia de estas palabras, con el propósito de que sirva para indicar una aparición anterior de las mismas en la lengua escrita.
Nuevas notas a las xarajāt con texto romance
Authors: Corriente Federico
Published: November 2013

Este artículo se incluye en una serie iniciada por su autor no hace mucho tiempo con el propósito de proporcionar lecturas más fiables a estos textos tan controvertidos cuya importancia para el conocimiento de las lenguas y literaturas de la Península Ibérica en el Medievo, aunque exagerada y torcida por cierta hermenéutica parcial, no puede negarse. Su objeto es el conjunto de la problemática de la poesía estrófica andalusí, cejeles, muwaššaḥāt y sus xarajāt (mal llamados zéjeles, moax/sajas y jarchas).
Nuevas glosas romances en un manuscrito silense
Authors: Hernández Alonso César
Published: November 2013

En la tesis doctoral de Miguel C. Vivancos Gómez «Glosas y notas marginales de los manuscritos visigóticos del Monasterio de Santo Domingo de Silos» se recogían casi cinco mil quinientas glosas, muchas de ellas desconocidas hasta ese momento. Entre ellas se encuentran dieciocho nuevas glosas romances en el Liber Comicus (BNP, N.a.l. 2171) en un pasaje de la Pasión correspondiente a la Feria V in cena Domini, que son las que aquí se estudian. En ellas se mezclan rasgos carolinos con otros visigóticos, todas aparecen interlineadas —hecho inusual en las del Monasterio de Silos— y sin signos de remisión. Entre ellas no hay interferencias de comentarios gramaticales, ni de notaciones musicales, y casi todas son monorrémicas.
Fabel/fiel en el Corbacho de A. Martínez de Toledo
Authors: Repiso Repiso Sigfredo
Published: November 2013

Este artículo pretende demostrar que la lectio fabel que figura en el manuscrito único del texto del Arcipreste de Talavera o Corbacho debe ser considerada preferible en cualquier edición que en el futuro pudiera hacerse de esta obra, y ello no sólo por mantener el principio de respeto escrupuloso a la letra del manuscrito, sino porque hay fundadas razones para dudar de la autenticidad de la variante fiel que ofrecen los incunables.
Mozárabes de Valencia y «lengua mozárabe»
Authors: Barceló Carmen
Published: November 2013

El término mozárabe se ha convertido en una expresión trivial, resultado de una mención insistente y reiterada en publicaciones eruditas y divulgativas desde hace más de un siglo. A pesar de ello, lo que se sabe de cierto sobre el tema es poco, bien se trate de aspectos culturales, sociales o literarios, bien de religiosos, económicos o lingüísticos. Los estudios centrados en tierras valencianas se caracterizan —salvo excepción— por ser acumulativos, especulativos y, además, poco abundantes. Este artículo trata de mostrar que, por mucho que el «mozárabe» tenga una apariencia real en los libros de historia de la lengua, sólo ha existido en la imaginación de los que la crearon.
Tipología y génesis de los cancioneros. Los cancioneros de autor
Authors: Beltrán Vicenç
Published: November 2013

No disponible.
“Alfa et O” en el Setenario de Alfonso el Sabio
Authors: Cherchi Paolo
Published: November 2013

No disponible.
Distinción entre s estridente y s mate propiciada en Sevilla a mediados del siglo XVII
Authors: González Ollé Fernando
Published: November 2013

Un certamen poético sevillano de 1663, recogido en el libro titulado Templo panegírico al certamen poético que celebró la Hermandad Insigne del Santísimo Sacramento estrenando la gran fábrica del Sagrario nuevo de la Metrópoli sevillana, y, de modo especial, su inspirador, el humanista y poeta Femando de la Torre Farfán, deparan el interés de dejar el testimonio siguiente: en Sevilla, bien entrada la segunda mitad del siglo XVII, un grupo de escritores conoce y defiende, al menos para la lengua literaria, la existencia de sendos fonemas fricativos y sordos, cuyas respectivas grafías son s y z, diferenciados por el rasgo estridente/mate, herederos de las dos parejas de sibilantes medievales encuadradas en el orden dental.
«González es mi nombre»: poemas desconocidos de Lope de Vega en un certamen poético (1614)
Authors: Del Río Parra Elena
Published: November 2013

En 1622 sale en Madrid la Relación de las fiestas que la insigne Villa de Madrid hizo en la canonización de su bienaventurado hijo, y patrón San Isidro, con las comedias que se representaron, y los versos que en la justa poética se escrivieron. En ella Lope de Vega, bajo la máscara de Tomé de Burguillos, recordaba su participación en el certamen celebrado en 1614 con motivo de la beatificación de Teresa de Jesús. Aunque se ha afirmado que la participación de Lope en las justas de 1614 se limitó a dos composiciones, ya que se abstuvo «de concurrir a premio alguno ni de presentar tampoco ninguna composición bajo nombre supuesto, más o menos familiar» (Entrambasaguas, 1969), del análisis de este artículo puede concluirse que Lope participó activamente en la justa de 1614 bajo el seudónimo de «González el estudiante», que es quien firma un soneto, un romance, así como una canción, una glosa y un jeroglifico.
Oraciones de relativo y variación modal en el habla culta costarricense
Authors: Murillo Jorge
Published: November 2013

La selección modal en las oraciones relativas ha sido bastante estudiada en los últimos años. No obstante, a pesar de los numerosos asedios hechos desde diferentes marcos metodológicos, no se ha logrado aún esclarecer cuáles son los mecanismos que actúan como rasgos seleccionadores del modo en este tipo de oraciones. En este trabajo se hace un análisis de la elección del modo en las oraciones adjetivas, circunscrito específicamente al habla culta costarricense y a construcciones en presente.
Vocabularios y glosarios del español de los siglos XIV al XVI
Authors: Nieto Lidio
Published: November 2013

Aunque podemos encontrar repetidas las afirmaciones de que la historia de la lexicografía española está por hacer, no deja de ser cierto que, de un tiempo a esta parte, se observa una preocupación creciente en los investigadores por cubrir esta laguna. Ahora bien, en el panorama docente se suele soslayar o prestar poca atención a lo que pudiéramos llamar "lexicografía menor" o, mejor dicho, se presta poca atención a todo aquello que no son los grandes diccionarios. Tampoco es habitual ocuparse de los aspectos temáticos, por más interés que éstos puedan ofrecer.
Este artículo se centra, de acuerdo con la acotación histórica señalada en el título, en los repertorios lexicográficos que pueden encontrarse al margen de los diccionarios considerados como tales o en todo caso de aquellos repertorios que aunque en sentido estricto pudieran definirse como diccionarios, por el hecho de aparecer formando parte de otra obra o ser reducidos en cuanto al número de entradas, no han merecido la atención que les corresponde en una verdadera historia de la lexicografía española.
Las palabras españolas contenidas en el vocabulario de las Introductiones latinae de Antonio de Nebrija
Authors: Quilis Antonio
Published: November 2013

Nebrija publicó en Salamanca, en 1481, sus Introductiones latinae. Como es sabido, es una obra de inspiración pedagógica para la enseñanza del latín a los jóvenes, y su autor consiguió, entre otras cosas, que fuese concisa, clara y útil. En las últimas páginas, incorporó un pequeño vocabulario (fol 49 v.s.n. hasta el final), que incluye las palabras que pueden tener dificultad para el estudiante. Este vocabulario tiene 955 entradas en latín, de las que 176 dan el significado o los significados en español; el número total de lexías españolas que aparecen asciende a 201: esto supone una frecuencia nada despreciable del 21% de palabras españolas. En el artículo se da, en primer lugar, la entrada por la palabra española; a continuación, toda la papeleta conforme aparece en las Introductiones; por último, confirmamos o no su presencia en los dos grandes repertorios lexicográficos nebrisenses.
Giovanni Bernardo da Sayona y Nicolás de Lyra en el Vocabularium Ecclesiasticum
Authors: Medina Guerra Antonia M.ª
Published: November 2013

No disponible.
Fondo lingüístico canario y afinidades americanas (siglos XVII-XVIII)
Authors: Frago Gracia Juan Antonio
Published: November 2013

Hay unanimidad entre los hispanistas a la hora de afirmar la importancia que las hablas canarias tuvieron en el desarrollo del español americano, y aun en lo tocante a la influencia lingüística que esta modalidad isleña recibió ininterrumpidamente del Nuevo Mundo, incluso después de haberse consumado su independencia política. Este artículo trata de determinar históricamente, documentalmente, los fundamentos, características y alcance de este fenómeno de interacción dialectal.
La toponimia de las fuentes en España: una nota sobre algunos resultados del lat. fonte
Authors: Nieto Ballester E.
Published: November 2013

Es un hecho evidente y bien reconocido de todos que la toponimia puede proporcionarnos datos de una grandísima importancia. Estos datos conciernen, en principio, a todos los aspectos de la lengua: la fonética, la morfología, el tesoro léxico, etc. Por otro lado, está claro que la toponimia de cualquier país, región o comarca muestra a menudo la presencia del agua: el agua es, sin duda alguna, un elemento de referencia toponímica muy frecuente por razones obvias. En el caso concreto de las distintas toponimias españolas las referencias a la presencia de fuentes, manantiales, arroyos, ríos, etc., son constantes, como era esperable.
En este todo de gran complejidad el propósito de este trabajo está referido simplemente a la palabra más atestiguada en la toponimia española (hablando en términos generales son excepción sólo las zonas menos romanizadas en lo toponímico del País Vasco y de Navarra) para la expresión de 'fuente, manantial'. Se trata, pues, del lat. fons, fontis masculino en latín clásico, femenino posteriormente, y de su derivado fontana (aqua).
Grouped False-Discovery Rate for Removing the Gene-set-Level Bias of RNA-seq
Authors: Yang Tae Young , Jeong Seongmun
Published: November 2013

In recent years, RNA-seq has become a very competitive alternative to microarrays. In RNA-seq experiments, the expected read count for a gene is proportional to its expression level multiplied by its transcript length. Even when two genes are expressed at the same level, differences in length will yield differing numbers of total reads. The characteristics of these RNA-seq experiments create a gene-level bias such that the proportion of significantly differentially expressed genes increases with the transcript length, whereas such bias is not present in microarray data. Gene-set analysis seeks to identify the gene sets that are enriched in the list of the identified significant genes. In the gene-set analysis of RNA-seq, the gene-level bias subsequently yields the gene-set-level bias that a gene set with genes of long length will be more likely to show up as enriched than will a gene set with genes of shorter length. Because gene expression is not related to its transcript length, any gene set containing long genes is not of biologically greater interest than gene sets with shorter genes. Accordingly the gene-set-level bias should be removed to accurately calculate the statistical significance of each gene-set enrichment in the RNA-seq.

We present a new gene set analysis method of RNA-seq, called FDRseq, which can accurately calculate the statistical significance of a gene-set enrichment score by the grouped false-discovery rate. Numerical examples indicated that FDRseq is appropriate for controlling the transcript length bias in the gene-set analysis of RNA-seq data. To implement FDRseq, we developed the R program, which can be downloaded at no cost from http://home.mju.ac.kr/home/index.action?siteId=tyang .
Intestine-specific expression of the β-glucanase in mice
Authors: Guan Li-Zeng , Xi Qian-Yun , Sun Yu-Ping , Wang Jing-Lan , Zhou Jun-Yun , Shu Gang , Jiang Qing-Yan , Zhang Yong-Liang
Published: November 2013

Guan, L.-Z., Xi, Q.-Y., Sun, Y.-P., Wang, J.-L., Zhou, J.-Y., Shu, G., Jiang, Q.-Y. and Zhang, Y.-L. 2014. Intestine-specific expression of the β-glucanase in mice. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 94: 287–293. The β-glucanase gene (GLU, from Paenibacillus polymyxa CP7) was cloned into a specific expression plasmid (MUC2-GLU-LV). Transgenic mice were prepared by microinjection. Polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA extracted from the tail tissue of transgenic mice showed that the mice carried the β-glucanase gene. Northern blot analysis indicated that β-glucanase was specifically expressed in the intestine of the transgenic mice. The β-glucanase activity in the intestinal contents was found to be 1.23±0.32 U mL−1. The crude protein, crude fat digestibility of transgenic mice were increased by 9.32 and 5.09% (P<0.05), respectively, compared with that of the non-transgenic mice, while moisture in feces was reduced by 12.16% (P<0.05). These results suggest that the expression of β-glucanase in the intestine of animals offers a promising biological approach to reduce the anti-nutritional effect of β-glucans in feed.
Deuterium excess as a proxy for continental moisture recycling and plant transpiration
Authors: Aemisegger F. , Pfahl S. , Sodemann H. , Lehner I. , Seneviratne S. I. , Wernli H.
Published: November 2013

Abstract. Studying the evaporation process and its link to the atmospheric circulation is central for a better understanding of the feedbacks between the surface water components and the atmosphere. Stable water isotopes are ideal tools to investigate surface evaporation as they are naturally available tracers of water phase changes in the atmosphere. The strength of isotope fractionation processes depends on environmental conditions such as relative humidity and temperature. In this study, we use five months of deuterium excess (d) measurements at the hourly to daily timescale from a cavity ring-down laser spectrometer to characterise the evaporation source of low-level continental water vapour at the long-term hydrometeorological monitoring site Rietholzbach in northeastern Switzerland. To reconstruct the phase change history of the air masses in which we measure the d signature and to diagnose its area of surface evaporation we apply an established Lagrangian moisture source diagnostic. With the help of a correlation analysis we investigate the strength of the relation between d measurements and the moisture source conditions. Temporal episodes with a duration of a few days of strong anticorrelation between d and relative humidity as well as temperature are identified. The role of plant transpiration, the large-scale advection of remotely evaporated moisture, the local boundary layer dynamics at the measurement site and recent precipitation at the site of evaporation are discussed as reasons for the existence of these modes of strong anticorrelation between d and moisture source conditions. The relation between d in atmospheric water vapour at the measurement site and the relative humidity conditions at the location of evaporation exhibits distinct characteristics for land surface evaporation and ocean evaporation. We show that the importance of continental moisture recycling and the contribution of plant transpiration to the continental evaporation flux can be deduced from the d-relative humidity relation at the seasonal timescale as well as for individual events. The slope of the relation between d and the diagnosed moisture source relative humidity provides a novel framework to estimate the transpiration fraction of land evapotranspiration at the local to continental scale. Over the whole analysis period (August to December 2011) a transpiration fraction of the evapotranspiration flux over the continental part of the moisture source region of 63% is found albeit with a large event-to-event variability (0% to 99%) for continental Europe. During days of strong local moisture recycling a higher overall transpiration fraction of 82% (varying between 65% and 94%) is found. Such Lagrangian estimates of the transpiration part of continental evaporation could potentially be useful for the verification of model estimates of this important land-atmosphere coupling parameter.
Black carbon concentrations and sources in the marine boundary layer of the tropical Atlantic Ocean using four methodologies
Authors: Pohl K. , Cantwell M. , Herckes P. , Lohmann R.
Published: November 2013

Abstract. Black carbon (BC) is the highly carbonaceous byproduct of biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion with a composition ranging from thermally stable soot to less recalcitrant charcoal. Atmospheric particulate matter samples across the tropical Atlantic Ocean were quantified for BC using four different methods: chemothermal oxidation at 375 °C (CTO-375), pyrene fluorescence loss, thermal optical transmittance, and optical transmission attenuation. The highest BC concentrations were detected in the Caribbean Sea and off the African coast, with a regional average of 0.6 μg m−3 for both. The lowest average concentrations were measured off the coast of South America at 0.2 to 0.3 μg m−3. The thermally-based CTO-375 method generally detected lower BC concentrations than the other three methods. The ratio of soot-like BC, as defined by the CTO-375 method, relative to the broader BC combustion continuum, as defined by the pyrene fluorescence loss, was <1 for all regions except for the Caribbean, supporting that charcoal was an important fraction of the aerosol BC. Regions impacted by biomass burning emissions should utilize multiple methods to better apportion the BC concentrations and sources.