bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polypharmacy and drug-drug interactions among patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: ÖZYİĞİT Filiz , PAŞALI KİLİT Türkan , ONBAŞI Kevser
Published: December 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease. The aim of our study was to evaluate drug- drug interactions and polypharmacy in diabetic patients.

Methods: Patients with type 2 diabetes attending our internal medicine and endocrinology policlinics from April 2019 to July 2019 were included to the study. It was designed as a prospective, descriptive and cross-sectional study. The socio-demographic characteristics of diabetic individuals, the drugs they use in the treatment of diabetes, and other accompanying diseases were evaluated according to the ATC classification. In this study, interactions between multiple drugs and polypharmacy were examined.

Results: The study population consisted of 526 patients between the ages of 18-87/years (59 ± 11). 69.6% of the patients were women.83.8% of the patients had chronic diseases accompanying diabetes. The most common chronic diseases were hypertension (53.6%), hyperlipidemia (41.4%) and coronary artery disease (27.2%), respectively. 45.01% of the patients were using five or more drugs. The mean number of drugs was found to be 4.49 ± 1.93. Among the drugs used by the patients, 787 drug-drug interactions were found in a total of 429 (81.5%) patients. The average number of interactions was 3.89 ± 3.6 for interaction A 15.2% (n = 81), 16.2% (n = 85) for interaction B, 69.8% (n = 367) for interaction C was, 47.9% (n = 252) for interaction D, and 0.4% (n = 2) for interaction X. The most frequent interaction was found between acetylsalicylic acid and insulin and metformin and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.

Conclusions: Both the polypharmacy rate and drug-drug interaction rate are high in diabetic patients. The most common type of interaction is type C and type D drug-drug interaction. Attention should be paid to drug-drug interactions in the treatment of diabetes patients.
COMO ENSINAR BOTÂNICA PARA ESTUDANTES DA EDUCAÇÃO ESPECIAL
Authors: Barrios Roger Daniel Viloria , Zutião Patrícia , Brito Juliana Carvalhais
Published: December 2023

A botânica faz parte da nossa realidade, porém tem se observado muito desinteresse nessa área por parte dos professores e estudantes. Tendo em vista que as salas são heterogêneas, cabe ao professor tornar o ensino e aprendizagem significativo, dinâmico e inclusivo. Assim, esse estudo teve como objetivo verificar na literatura quais são os tipos de materiais adaptados para o ensino de botânica e como eles podem auxiliar na inclusão e aprendizagem de estudantes da educação especial. Foi realizada uma pesquisa em bases científicas de artigos sobre o ensino a botânica para estudantes da educação especial. Realizou-se a leitura de cinco artigos, nos quais pode ser observado quatro tipos de adaptações possíveis: jogo didático; modelos didáticos; lâminas histológicas; aulas de campo / aulas práticas. Os estudos demonstraram que quando são feitas propostas diferenciadas nas aulas, os estudantes se envolvem e conseguem compreender melhor os assuntos relacionados a botânica. Quanto aos tipos de adaptações, com exceção da lâmina histológica, que não é adequada para estudantes com deficiência visual ou surdocegueira, os demais podem ser utilizados com todos os estudantes da educação especial. Conclui-se que existem possibilidades para tornar o ensino de botânica dinâmico e inclusivo. Espera-se que esse estudo auxilie os professores a conhecer essas possibilidades e, então utilizá-las em suas realidades.
Gesture Recognition in Virtual reality
Authors: Wu Meng
Published: December 2023

Virtual Reality (VR) provides users with a sensory experience that is close to reality, creating a sense of interaction. It is widely used, and the gesture recognition in VR also has a great effect. Gesture recognition enriches VR using experience and promotes a more direct and natural interaction. Gesture recognition usually employs sensors to collect data from users and machine leaning algorithms to interpret and respond to human activities. Complex gestures need more complex algorithms and more rigorous operations. The reason is that complex gestures mean larger quantity of data. If data is larger, the harder to get robust and effective datasets. Then, features can also become difficult to extract, contributing to misrecognition or unrecognizable. Though machine leaning algorithms are widely used in gesture recognition, there are still some important challenges need to be addressed, like lack of standardization and limitations of availability of diverse and large datasets. However, VR, gesture recognition and machine leaning algorithms all have excellent prospect, because they are in line with the development of the Times and show the progress of science and technology. This paper not only focuses on their advantages but also does not ignore their shortcomings, and looks at them comprehensively.
Nhận diện và phê phán quan điểm "kiểm soát quyền lực trong công tác cán bộ ở Việt Nam là một biểu hiện của thao túng quyền lực"
Authors: Bùi Quang Huy
Published: December 2023

tóm tắt
Áp dụng pháp luật trong điều tra tội phạm sử dụng không gian mạng xâm phạm an ninh quốc gia
Authors: Nguyễn Tiến Phương
Published: December 2023

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Quản lý nước sạch ở thành phố Hà Nội trong giai đoạn hiện nay
Authors: Đinh Thị Như Trang
Published: December 2023

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Peningkatan Pengetahuan Mengenai Upaya Pencegahan Bullying Melalui Penyuluhan Hukum Terhadap Pelajar
Authors: Waluyo Bambang , Prasetyo Handoyo , Subakdi Subakdi , Ibrahim Aji Lukman , Novyana Hilda , Fauzan Muhammad , Noerman Chiquita Thefirstly , Pasah Marip
Published: December 2023

Untuk memberikan pemahaman atas tindakan perundungan dan larangan-larangannya diperlukan adanya pemberian materi serta arahan yang tepat dan baik kepada peserta didik. Melalui penyampaian edukasi hukum mengenai tindakan perundungan dan larangan-larangannya kepada peserta didik menjadi salah satu bentuk asa yang dilakukan penyusun untuk memberikan edukasi kepada peserta didik khususnya di SMA Negeri 66 Jakarta. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini menggunakan metode ceramah, penyuluhan, dan diskusi yang berjudul Hentikan Bullying Sekarang Juga, Sekolah Terasa Indah Tanpa Bullying. Target khusus pengabdian ini adalah siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas yang sudah memiliki pemahaman atas tindakan perundungan dan memahami hukum. Adapun tujuan utama dari Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini untuk memberikan pemahaman dan pengetahuan kepada objek pengabdian terkait dengan tindakan perundungan dan larangan-larangannya untuk menciptakan lingkungan sekolah yang nyaman dan kondusif dari tindakan perundungan. Peningkatan pemahaman dan pengetahuan dapat dilihat dari hasil posttest yang membuktikan siswa dan siswa sangat memahami materi yang diberikan.
Penanggulangan Gizi Buruk Pada Anak Balita Di Kampung Terandam Kelurahan Andalas Kecamatan Padang Timur Kota Padang
Authors: Wahyuni Leni Tri , Hidayati Ridha , Berot Fransiskus Hardin , Tasri Yanti Desnita
Published: December 2023

Balita mengalami pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pesat yang memerlukan asupan gizi berkualitas tinggi. Status gizi balita memiliki dampak penting terhadap kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) suatu bangsa. Data menunjukkan bahwa masalah gizi buruk dan kurang masih menjadi masalah serius di berbagai negara, termasuk Indonesia. Masalah gizi balita di Indonesia tercermin dalam angka stunting, wasting, dan underweight. Pemerintah Indonesia telah memasukkan perbaikan status gizi ke dalam rencana pembangunan nasional dan Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Program pemantauan pertumbuhan, seperti Posyandu, menjadi kunci dalam upaya pencegahan dan peningkatan status gizi balita. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat dilakukan di wilayah Puskesmas Andalas Kota Padang, bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan ibu balita dalam memberikan asupan gizi yang tepat. Kegiatan ini melibatkan penyuluhan dan demonstrasi tentang gizi balita, pemberian makanan bergizi, dan pemantauan pertumbuhan balita. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan antusiasme ibu-ibu balita terhadap kegiatan ini, dengan partisipasi aktif dalam penyuluhan dan pertanyaan yang diajukan. Saran yang diajukan meliputi pentingnya pemantauan pertumbuhan balita, peningkatan asupan gizi yang sesuai, dan pengetahuan ibu balita tentang nutrisi, memberikan perhatian khusus pada ibu hamil guna mencegah masalah gizi balita di masa depan.
Pendampingan Pemanfaatan Google Clasroom Dan Google Form Untuk Guru Sdn Sumberarum 2 Wates Blitar
Authors: Syafi'ah Rohmatus , Oktaviarini Nourma , Ana Ria Fajrin Rizqy
Published: December 2023

Pembelajaran online telah diterapkan sejak covid-19 hingga saat ini. Faktanya guru belum maksimal dalam memanfaatkan media pembelajaran online. Hasil wawancara yang dilakukan di SDN Sumberarum 2 Wates Blitar menunjukkan dalam pembelajaran online selama pandemic 85% guru hanya memanfaatkan whatssap saja. Sisanya memanfaatkan media lain seperti google classroom, google meet, dan lainnya. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pendampingan kepada guru di SD tersebut dalam memanfaatkan media pembelajaran online selain whatssap yaitu google classroom dan google form. Pendampingan ini meliputi dua tahapan yaitu: 1) pemaparan materi terkait aplikasi google classroom dan google form dan 2) pendampingan praktik menggunakan aplikasi tersebut dalam pembelajaran. Kegiatan ini diikuti oleh 12 guru SDN 2 Sumberarurm Wates Blitar. Dalam kegiatan pendampingan ini 85% peserta terampil dalam memanfaatkan google classroom dan google form dan 70% peserta akan memanfaatkan media google classroom dan google form dalam pembelajaran pada masa new normal dengan metode blended learning.
Penyuluhan E-Commerce Sebagai Alternatif Media Pemasaran Hasil Produk Desa Lokasi Baru Dalam Menunjang Rencana Desa Wisata
Authors: Windirah Nola , Mulyasari Gita , Yuliarso M Zulkarnain
Published: December 2023

Pengembangan desa wisata membantu desa dalam menjadikan lingkungan atau potensi alam terjaga bahkan dapat meningkatkan kualitas alam itu sendiri. Teknologi informasi bisa dimanfaatkan dengan efektif untuk pengembangan desa wisata apabila pengelola dapat menggunakan teknologi tersebut dengan baik. Oleh karena itu, penting bagi pengelola desa wisata memiliki pemahaman terhadap kegunaan teknologi informasi dan salah satunya adalah melalui e-commerce. Desa Lokasi Baru Kecamatan Sukaraja Kabupaten Seluma menjadi salah satu yang bergerak aktif dalam pengelolaan potensi desa melalui BumDes untuk terwujudnya pembentukan desa wisata. Desa Lokasi Baru telah memiliki beberapa unit usaha seperti kerajinan rajutan dan olahan koran bekas, makanan Bipang manis, sajian wisata berupa kola seluas 0,5 hektar, kebun desa dan aktivitas penggemukan sapi yang dpat dijadikan unit-unit pendukung dalam mewujudkan desa wisata.  Namun, beberapa unit usaha yang telah dijalankan mengalami permasalahan yang sama berupa keterbatasan dalam pemasaran produk. Penyuluhan e-commerce yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan digital masyarakat dalam memasarkan berbagai produk potensial desa.   Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan antusias masyarakat cukup tinggi tercermin dari keaktifan dalam berdiskusi.
International Tax Coordination for a Second-Best World (Part II)
Authors: Schön W.
Published: December 2023

In the first part of this article (1 World Tax Journal (2009), p.67) the basic framework for international tax coordination has been laid out. It has been established that neither the ability-to-pay principle nor the benefit principle provides a guiding light when the allocation of taxing rights between countries is concerned. Likewise, the standard requirements of CEN, CIN and CON do not give a full and systematic picture either. In recent years, the dynamics of tax competition have ensured that market power of governments and the attractiveness of countries for investors play a major role when it comes to the shaping of unilateral and bilateral tax provisions on international taxation of business. Against this background, it has been proposed in the first part of this article to rely on a “continuity approach”, which tries to avoid abrupt and discontinuous changes in the tax treatment of different sources of income without taking one-dimensional solutions for granted. This has been exemplified for the choice between permanent establishments and subsidiaries. In the second part of this article, this analysis is extended to the choice between portfolio and direct investment (portfolio shares v. controlling shareholdings), the choice between debt and equity and the exploitation of intellectual property. While there are good reasons to align treatment for small and large shareholdings, the specific treatment of interest versus dividends or of royalties versus other forms of business income may be justified depending on the mechanics of tax competition in a given situation. The third part will be devoted to group taxation, in particular to the choice between separate accounting and formula apportionment.
Peran Mahasiswa Dalam Mencegah Politik Uang Dan Kecurangan Pemilu
Authors:   Universitas Tompotika Luwuk
Published: December 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peran mahasiswa dalam mencegah politik uangdan menjaga keadilan pemilu, Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu tipe penelitianyuridisnormatif,artinya permasalahan yang diangkat, dibahas dan diuraikan dalam penelitian inidifokuskan dengan menerapkan kaidah-kaidah atau norma-norma dalam hukumpositif.Pendekatanmasalahmenggunakanpendekatanundang-undang,pendekatankonseptual,denganbahanhukumyangterdiridaribahanhukumprimer, sekunder dan bahan non-hukum.Dalam mencegah politik uang dan kecurangan pemilu, peranmahasiswa memiliki dampak yang signifikan. Dalam studi hukum untuk menjaga keadilan pemilu, mahasiswa dapat berperan sebagai pengawas independen dan menjaga integritas pemilihan umum. Dengan pendidikan hukum yang diperoleh, mahasiswa dapat membantu memahami dan menerapkan prinsip-prinsip demokrasi dan keadilan dalam proses politik pemilihan umum. Memiliki pemahaman yang baik mengenai aturan dan prosedur pemilu, mahasiswa dapat memantau dan melaporkan kecurangan dan pelanggaran hukum yang mungkin terjadi selama pemilu, serta mendorong penegakan hukum yang adil dan transparan.
Presentación
Authors: Gamboa Bobadilla Carlos Arturo
Published: December 2023

Finaliza el año 2023 y en medio de la experiencia de un mundo sin las angustias de la pandemia que vivió su etapa crucial entre los años 2020-2022, la academia retorna a sus labores históricas. No obstante, nada es igual a lo que se vivía por el año de 2019. El concepto de universidad está en constante ebullición y el papel de la educación en el siglo XXI y la década postpandemia se cuestiona desde muchos ángulos.
La formación de subjetividades emocionales infantiles en la educación temprana
Authors: Cárdenas Forero Óscar Leonardo , Gaitán Plaza Yerly Viviana , González Hernández Natalia , Leal Peña Estefanía
Published: December 2023

Durante el estado de confinamiento mundial provocado por la aparición del virus del Covid-19, y tiempo después de esta situación, se comenzó a percibir en la escuela un inusitado interés y un incremento exagerado por las emociones infantiles, y una preocupación desmedida por diseñar alternativas para lograr su óptimo desarrollo. La pandemia tuvo un impacto particular en el desarrollo emocional, al punto que, los maestros, los niños y las niñas tuvieron que adaptarse rápidamente a situaciones inesperadas como el aislamiento social, la comunicación a distancia, el uso de metodologías digitales y la preocupación por la salud física, mental y emocional.

La e escuela se vio obligada a utilizar herramientas y prácticas electrónicas sin un tiempo adecuado de transición, lo que generó un cambio abrupto en la vida de los estudiantes y en su forma de ver y de relacionarse con el mundo. En esta perspectiva, el presente artículo, utilizando una visión foucaultiana y, basándose en la exploración documental, describe en clave de sospecha el proceso de formación de subjetividades emocionales infantiles durante y luego de la pandemia. Revelando preliminarmente que, si bien es cierto, la dimensión emocional se vio afectada en este tiempo, curiosamente, también se hizo natural su existencia, otorgarle un valor insólito, como condición esencial para formar tempranamente sujetos emocionales y para optimizar los aprendizajes.
La evaluación de competencias a partir de los desempeños demostrados
Authors: Gutiérrez Jiménez Mayra Alejandra , González Zúñiga Amelia Julieth
Published: December 2023

En la actualidad se hace necesario que los planteles educativos de educación básica, media y secundaria, realicen un análisis detallado de los procesos de aprendizajes con estudiantes. En el caso colombiano se ha pasado de considerar los contenidos como el punto central de las asignaturas a las competencias, que implican una formación integral que va más allá de adquirir conocimientos. El objetivo de este estudio consistió en analizar la manera en que se deben evaluar las competencias en este nuevo paradigma del aprendizaje. Para ello se elaboró una discusión textual que brindó los criterios de análisis de las competencias a partir de los diferentes desempeños. La conclusión evidenció que una evaluación significativa y de valor para el estudiante se debe enfocar en el proceso personal.
Why Poland Should Join the European Public Prosecutor
Authors: Schultz Andrzej , Schultz Kinga
Published: December 2023

After the Polish parliamentary elections, the question of rebuilding the rule of law in Poland has been frequently raised in academic debate. The discourse is largely dominated by the status of the so-called neo-judges and the legal effects of rulings of the politically appropriated Constitutional Tribunal. We would like to highlight another problem that the new government will have to deal with – the functioning of the public prosecutor's office occupied by people associated with the Law and Justice party. There is a great risk that high-level prosecutors may effectively block or obstruct investigations into the irregularities committed under the PiS government. We believe that a partial solution to this problem might come from Poland's quick accession to the European Public Prosecutor’s Office planned by the democratic opposition.
Comparative Study on Estimation Methods of Proportional Hazard Models for Interval-Censored Data
Authors: Keita Sonobe , Shimokawa Asanao , Miyaoka Etsuo
Published: December 2023

Purpose: In this study, we compare the estimation methods of interval-censored data using both simulated and real data. Many past studies have used fixed sample sizes in their simulation studies. We performed the best possible simulation study.

Method: The methods include Finkelstein’s method with Piecewise and Spline and imputation methods (i.e., Efron’s method in the Cox model).

Results: If the interval-censored data do not overlap, the same estimation results are obtained regardless of the assignment point for the estimation of the Cox model. The overlapping data also did not significantly affect the accuracy of the estimation. On the other hand, Finkelstein’s method showed differences in estimation depending on the two estimation methods of the baseline survival function. Although it was not possible to determine which method had better power, the Spline method had a smaller absolute error than the Finkelstein method. A comparison of Cox’s and Finkelstein’s methods showed that Finkelstein’s method was superior in terms of power.

Conclusion: Interval-censored data is a form of data that can be found in a variety of fields. In this study, we compared estimation methods for interval-censored data, and the usefulness of Finkelstein’s method can be seen from simulation studies.
Gestión de inventarios y su incidencia en las fiscalizaciones tributarias en el sector ferretero del cantón Manta, Ecuador
Authors: Marcillo Gutiérrez Janeth Patricia , Zambrano Zambrano Elisa Juverly
Published: December 2023

La gestión de inventarios es una herramienta contable fundamental que se utiliza en la administración, permitiendo a las empresas y organizaciones conocer de forma exacta las existencias de mercadería para la venta. El objetivo del artículo se centró en analizar la incidencia de la gestión de inventarios en las fiscalizaciones tributarias en el sector ferretero del cantón Manta, Ecuador. La investigación es mixta, de tipo descriptivo, con un nivel de campo y un diseño no experimental. Se aplicaron las técnicas de la encuesta y la observación; y como instrumentos una guía de entrevista, el cuestionario y la revisión bibliográfica. La población estuvo conformada por 87 responsables de ferreterías del cantón Manta. Se concluyó que las empresas no cuentan con los adecuados procesos y funciones de control interno de los productos en lo que se refiere a las entradas y salidas de los materiales, algunas cuentan con un sistema electrónico para la facturación y existen falencias en elementos de planificación. De acuerdo con las dimensiones consideradas para el estudio, la mejor valorada fue la de organización con 72,8 %, seguida de la de control con 71,07 % y por último la de planificación con 42,15 %, lo que evidencia el aspecto donde se deben realizar los correctivos para que las empresas puedan aprobar con éxito los futuros procedimientos tributarios.
Environmental Literacy in Teachers’ Training: Cognitive Elements and Environmental Behaviour of Prospective Student-Teachers
Authors: Kipasika Honest
Published: December 2023

This study examined the level of environmental literacy among prospective student-teachers in the field of adult education and community development offered by the Institute of Adult Education in Tanzania. The randomly selected sample of 111 prospective student teachers admitted to the Diploma of Adult Education and Community Development (DAECD) was assessed using a questionnaire designed to measure environmental knowledge (cognitive) on national together with global issues and priorities, health and environment, water, ecology as well as environmental behaviours. Findings indicated that prospective student teachers were knowledgeable of basic facts about the environment and possessed some responsible behaviours including discipline of protecting and serving the environment. However, they have limited information on global issues such as pollution, loss of biodiversity and climate change. Results from this study emphasize the need to instil environmental literacy instudents who choose to study as educators. Teacher training programmes should consider characteristics of the student population, which are outcomes from their individual knowledge, attitudes as well as behavioural elements and include all necessary components for adequately preparing educators who are effectively involved in building environmental competences of their future students. Key words:Environmental literacy, environmental education, teachers’ training, cognitive elements, environmental behaviour.
Osobnosti vědy a techniky ve fondech Technického muzea v Brně
Authors:   Technické muzeum v Brně, Urbánková Naděžda
Published: December 2023

Cílem této publikace je seznámit širší veřejnost s významnými osobnostmi z oblasti vědy a techniky, jejichž písemné pozůstalosti se alespoň zčásti nacházejí ve sbírkových fondech Technického muzea v Brně. Jedná se o vědce, kteří měli úzký vztah k Brnu i širšímu moravskému regionu, a také ke zdejšímu technickému vysokému školství. V devíti kapitolách věnovaných Leopoldu Grimmovi, Konrádu Hrubanovi, Viktoru Kaplanovi, Stanislavu Kratochvilovi, Miroslavu Nechlebovi, Františku Píškovi, Antonínu Smrčkovi, Josefu Sumcovi a Vítězslavu Veselému se autorka snaží vystihnout těžiště přínosu těchto osobností danému oboru i společnosti, ale současně je zobrazit jako normální lidské bytosti. Prostřednictvím informací především z pramenů moravské provenience chceme osvětlit prostředí, z něhož pocházeli a které je formovalo, a zachytit rodinné, přátelské i profesní vztahy, které je ovlivnily. Přes značný generační i oborový rozptyl (chemie, hutnictví a slévárenství, vodní stavby a vodní stroje, betonové stavitelství a půdní mechanika, elektrotechnika a akustika) jsou tyto osobnosti spojeny svým působením na vysoké škole technické v Brně a vztahem k moravskému regionu.
Developing a multi-institutional nomogram for assessing lung cancer risk in patients with 5–30 mm pulmonary nodules: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Jiang Yongjie , Deng Taibing , Huang Yuyan , Ren Bi , He Liping , Pang Min , Jiang Li
Published: December 2023

Background

The diagnosis of benign and malignant solitary pulmonary nodules based on personal experience has several limitations. Therefore, this study aims to establish a nomogram for the diagnosis of benign and malignant solitary pulmonary nodules using clinical information and computed tomography (CT) results.

Methods

Retrospectively, we collected clinical and CT characteristics of 1,160 patients with pulmonary nodules in Guang’an People’s Hospital and the hospital affiliated with North Sichuan Medical College between 2019 and 2021. Among these patients, data from 773 patients with pulmonary nodules were used as the training set. We used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) to optimize clinical and imaging features and performed a multivariate logistic regression to identify features with independent predictive ability to develop the nomogram model. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), C-index, decision curve analysis, and calibration plot were used to evaluate the performance of the nomogram model in terms of predictive ability, discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility. Finally, data from 387 patients with pulmonary nodules were utilized for validation.

Results

In the training set, the predictors for the nomogram were gender, density of the nodule, nodule diameter, lobulation, calcification, vacuole, vascular convergence, bronchiole, and pleural traction, selected through LASSO and logistic regression analysis. The resulting model had a C-index of 0.842 (95% CI [0.812–0.872]) and AUCs of 0.842 (95% CI [0.812–0.872]). In the validation set, the C-index was 0.856 (95% CI [0.811–0.901]), and the AUCs were 0.844 (95% CI [0.797–0.891]). Results from the calibration curve and clinical decision curve analyses indicate that the nomogram has a high fit and clinical benefit in both the training and validation sets.

Conclusion

The establishment of a nomogram for predicting the benign or malignant diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules by this study has shown good efficacy. Such a nomogram may help to guide the diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment of patients.
La literatura Indígena y la palabra autónoma de los pueblos originarios: Una perspectiva trans-Indígena y auto-etnográfica
Authors: Hernández-Ávila Inés
Published: December 2023

Este ensayo auto-etnográfico procede de la disciplina conocida internacionalmente como Native American and Indigenous Studies, introduciendo el marco teórico de Chadwick Allen, en Trans-Indigenous: Methodologies for a Global Indigenous Literary Studies [Trans-Indígena: Metodologías para los estudios globales de la literatura Indígena], y poniendo en conversación escritores Indígenas de EE.UU, México, Canadá, Guatemala, y Chile, demostrando que abordan temas similares, y que sus voces, “juntas (aún) distintas” (como dice Allen) expresan y afirman, en actos descoloniales, su autonomía propia y la autonomía de sus pueblos. También el ensayo da énfasis a la necesidad de estudios hemisféricos de la literatura Indígena, y la importancia de la traducción, para fortalecer la solidaridad entre pueblos Indígenas de las Américas.
Translating the Poetry of Graciela Huinao: Finding the Authentic Voice Within
Authors: Towner Margaret
Published: December 2023

This article discusses the translation of literary works by contemporary Latin American women, specifically the poetry of Graciela Huinao, a Mapuche-Willichewriter from Southern Chile.Given the opportunities for travel and the development of technology such as the Internet, translators today have many ways to interact with writers in order to delve deeper into the translation of their texts. In this context, elements such as hybridity, heteroglossia, paradox, grammatical structures, cultural nuances, and the author’s intention can be explored in greater detail. The translation of Graciela Huinao’s poetry by the author of this article is used to share examples of the exploration of literary and conceptual elements through the use of extensive communications enabled by technology. And in the case of Graciela Huinao’s writing, the relevance and overlapping of Spanish and Mapuzugun, the language of her people, becomes a significant part of the dialogue.
Viabilidade bioeconômica de sistemas agroflorestais na Amazônia: estudo de caso em Tomé-Açu – Pará
Authors: De Oliveira Gilmara Maureline Teles da Silva , De Oliveira Eder Silva , Santos Diego Nascimento , Silva Gleydson dos Santos , Neu Vania , de Santana Antônio Cordeiro
Published: December 2023

O objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar a viabilidade bioeconômica de Sistema Agroflorestais de Tomé-Açu, em comparação a outros sistemas de produção. Os dados foram obtidos no imóvel rural do produtor da Cooperativa Agrícola Mista de Tomé-Açu (CAMTA) através de entrevistas estruturadas para obter as informações do orçamento unitário e a inclusão dos custos implícitos dos ativos naturais solo, água e serviços ecossistêmicos dos SAFs. Foram estabelecidos também cenários de redução na receita líquida com base no risco climático para avaliar o efeito da irregularidade de chuvas nos sistemas produtivos. Os resultados da análise para os indicadores bioeconômicos, mostraram maior viabilidade para os SAFs. O modelo de SAF I composto por pimenta-do-reino, cacau, açaí e mogno apresentou maior atratividade, com VPL de R$ 55.297,42, TIR = 20,35% e Rb/c = 1,3, e foi o mais intensivo em mão-de-obra, gerando um emprego por 13 anos a cada 2,13 ha implantados. Os modelos de SAFs mostraram maior capacidade de resistência quanto a oscilações nas taxas de juros e redução na receita líquida por conta de perdas na produtividade oriundas da irregularidade de chuvas relacionada aos fenômenos climáticos. Concluiu-se que o desempenho bioeconômico e o caráter inclusivo das culturas cultivadas nos SAFs tem o potencial de induzir o desenvolvimento local e sustentável, fazendo desses agroecossistemas um instrumento compatível para a promoção dessa forma de desenvolvimento na Amazônia, pois além de seu desempenho econômico, eles vislumbram a possibilidade de inclusão social, melhoria da qualidade de vida e conservação dos recursos naturais.
The Quivis Construction in Biblical Hebrew
Authors: Samet Nili , Mastey Emanuel
Published: December 2023

We discuss the evolution of the distributive double noun (quivis) in biblical Hebrew. This construction developed from an asyndeton in Classical Biblical Hebrew (e.g., איש איש) into a syndeton in Late Biblical Hebrew (e.g., איש ואיש), a process that makes it an important diachronic marker in classifying and analyzing these two varieties of the language .
Review of From Single Sign to Pseudo-Script: An Ancient Egyptian System of Workmen’s Identity Marks
Authors: Darnell John Coleman
Published: December 2023

From Single Sign to Pseudo-Script: An Ancient Egyptian System of Workmen’s Identity Marks. By Ben Haring. Culture and History of the Ancient Near East, vol. 93. Leiden: Brill, 2018. Pp. ix + 291. $216, €171 .
Review of Untersuchungen zur transtextuellen Poetik assyrischer herrschaftlich-narrativer Texte
Authors: Foster Benjamin R.
Published: December 2023

Untersuchungen zur transtextuellen Poetik assyrischer herrschaftlich-narrativer Texte. By Johannes Bach. State Archives of Assyria Studies, vol. 30. Helsinki: the Neo-Assyrian Texxt Corpus Project, 2020. Pp. xvi + 481. $75 (paper). [Distributed by Penn State University Press, State Col- lege, PA]
Review of Forms and Functions of Pendant Koran Manuscripts
Authors: Yoltar-Yıldırım Ayşin
Published: December 2023

Forms and Functions of Pendant Koran Manuscripts. By Cornelius Berthold. Arabische Studien, vol . 17 . Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2021. Pp. x + 291, illus. €68.
Review of Messianic Ideas and Movements in Sunnī Islam
Authors: Kenney Jeffrey T.
Published: December 2023

Messianic Ideas and Movements in Sunnī Islam. By Yohanan Friedmann. London: Oneworld Academic, 2022. Pp. xvi + 352. $70, £45 (cloth).
ACHADO EM MEMÓRIAS
Authors: De Melo Isabela Dantas , Serrano Paulo Henrique Souto Maior
Published: December 2023

O curta-metragem de animação World of Tomorrow, foi analisado a partir dos conceitos construídos no nível discursivo do percurso gerativo de sentido estabelecido pela teoria da semiótica discursiva (ou greimasiana). Buscou-se apreender as figuras, os temas e as isotopias presentes na semântica discursiva, além das embreagens e debreagens utilizadas em sua sintaxe. World of Tomorrow possui planos de leitura que continuamente se intersectam através das figuras que metaforizam e complexificam os temas presentes no discurso. Analisar um filme de animação a partir da semiótica greimasiana possibilitou a identificação de particularidades dentro do campo da animação, bem como na articulação de suas linguagens.
Field Assessment of Morphometric and Agronomic Characteristics of Fifteen Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Varieties Under Agroecological Conditions of INERA Gimbi station, Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Kabwe-Milolo G. , Kalonji-Mbangila A. , Kabangu J. Mudibu wa , Mwabila M. Lufuluabo , Muengula-Manyi M. , Kalonji-Mbuyi A.
Published: December 2023

Aim: To evaluate morphometric and agronomic traits of fifteen groundnut varieties from germplasm of the National Pulses Program of Institut National pour l’Etude et la Recherche Agronomiques.

Study Design: This study was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with fifteen treatments repeated three times.

Place and duration of the study: The trial was conducted at Gimbi research station from March 9 to June 13, 2022. 

Methodology: This study was conducted using fifteen varieties (treatments) replicated three times. Data collected concerned the percentage of seedlings that emerged, morphometric and agronomic parameters.   

Results: Seeds emerged varied from 80.6 to 93.5%. Collar diameter varied from 8.7 to 10.1mm, and stem height from 40.5 to 55.1cm. Groundnut varieties flowered on 30 to 35 DAS, and pod maturity is reached on 90 to 98 DAS. Number of pods per plant varied from 10.2 to 16.6, and number of seeds per pod from 2.0 to 2.3. The weight of fresh pods per plot varied from 1,002.3 to 1,043.2g, and the weight of dry pods per plot from 742.3 to 858.7g. The 100-seed weight varied from 49.4 to 53.4g. Dry pods yield varied from 1,546.5 to 1,816.1kg/ha, and seeds yield from 1,376.8 to 1,642.4kg/ha. The principal component analysis figure explains reality with 55.32% information. The first axis explained explains 33.54% of the information, and the second axis explained explains 21.78% of the information. Ascending hierarchical classification grouped groundnut varieties into five classes.

Conclusion: This study shows high variability in the behaviour of groundnut varieties used. Collar diameter and plant height development are continuous from the second to the eighth WAS, then practically fade from the tenth WAS. Groundnut varieties flowered, and pods reached maturity at the same time. Yield is positively correlated with the weight of dry pods and the weight of seeds per plot. Hierarchical classification revealed five distinct classes of groundnut varieties.
Assessment of the Role of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) In Global Governance: Developing Country's Perspectives
Authors: Emmanuel Esther Hatsiwa , Omole Temitope Alice
Published: December 2023

In the world of today, both developed, developing, and underdeveloped countries have realized that they cannot achieve much on their own, hence the need for partnership or collaboration with other countries to achieve set goals. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is an intergovernmental economic organisation in which member countries discuss and develop key policy recommendations that often serve as the basis for international standards and practice. The paper will assess the role of the organisation and its impact on global governance. The research is doctrinal and makes use of primary and secondary sources of materials, such as journals, books, and internet materials to x-ray the organisation’s history and development from inception, its roles, and powers etcetera. The paper also considers the challenges faced by the organisation in the discharge of its functions, as well as examines how the organisations’ global governance affects the economy of countries and draws lessons that can positively impact the economy of countries. The paper concludes with some recommendations.
Role of Natural Preservatives and their Effect on Food’s Shelf Life
Authors: Kumar Raja , Rajput Reshu
Published: December 2023

All living creatures need food to survive. Food has a limited period to keep it safe for consumption and fresh. To keep the food product safe to consume for an extended period of time, and maintain the quality in terms of its taste and odor. Preservatives are incorporated in the modern food industries. There are two types of preservative present in nowadays market. Nature preservative are safe to consume, but their shelf life is less than the synthetic one. Natural additives, derived from plants, herbs, and other natural sources, can have positive effects on human health. These additives are often rich in nutrients, antioxidants, and bioactive compounds that may contribute to overall well-being. It's important to incorporate a variety of natural additives into a balanced and diverse diet to maximize their potential health benefits. Synthetic preservatives are cost-effective in contributing to a longer shelf life for the food product, so many manufactures use sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, sorbic acid, and benzoic acid during the processing. This evaluation focuses on natural preservatives which have been used for increasing shelf-life, their mechanisms of action and its uses forms (i.e., powder, fruit, essential oils, extract) to food has been conserved. The amounts of phenolic compound in herbs and spices play an essential role on significant part in their antibacterial properties, However, it is also dependent on a variety of intrinsic and extrinsic variables that must be identified prior to using herbs and spices as additions. As a result, the current review provides a thorough overview of the numerous natural preservatives, focusing on their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, mechanism of action, and application in the food industry. Natural additives often contain antioxidants that help neutralize free radicals in the body. Antioxidants play a role in protecting cells from oxidative stress and inflammation, potentially reducing the risk of chronic diseases. Many herbs and spices possess natural antimicrobial properties that can help inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi. This can contribute to food preservation and support overall immune health.
Microbial Diversity of Fermented Foods
Authors: Singh Kanwar Aditya , Saroch Aryan , Rajput Reshu
Published: December 2023

Fermentation is an age-old chemical process which plays a vital role in various aspects of food processing all over the world and helps in enhancing flavour, and value addition and provides many health benefits to the consumer. Fermentation has a multi-directional role and significance in food processing. Over the years, research on fermentation has continued to advance, demonstrating its potential use in the production of pharmaceuticals, a wide variety of bio-based products, and sustainable biofuels. Fermentation has lately attracted renewed interest as sustainable agriculture and food production have become more and more important. There are a variety of fermented products which are manufactured commercially and are being consumed by the mass population due to their several beneficial health aspects. The process of fermentation includes various steps such as introduction to microbes, breakdown of sugar, maintenance of pH and enhancement of flavour. This review provides information about various food products prepared by fermentation in food industries, their potential health benefits, value addition of raw materials and the science behind it. Although food was traditionally preserved by fermentation, this process is becoming increasingly popular today since it produces nutritious food items with benefits beyond just basic nutrition and flavour. Foods that have undergone fermentation increase the body's immunity against harmful bacterial infections and strengthen the immune system. During fermentation, a variety of biochemical changes take place that may have an impact on the nutritional components and, in turn, the end product's characteristics, such as digestibility and bioactivity.
Effect of Crop Establishment Methods and Irrigation Scheduling on Growth and Soil Nutrient Status of Wheat
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Singh R. K. , Singh J. K. , Aakash  , Kumari Sadhana , Chandel Shiv Kant Singh , Jyothsna Koyi , Solanki Amit
Published: December 2023

This split-plot experiment conducted during the rabi seasons of 2020-21 and 2021-22 at the Agricultural Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, delved into the intricate relationships between crop establishment methods and irrigation scheduling on wheat crop height and soil nutrient content. Employing a split-plot design with three main plot treatments—Conventional, Zero tillage, and Raised bed method—and five sub-plot treatments based on irrigation scheduling using maximum allowable depletion (MAD) of available soil water, the study revealed that raised bed sowing significantly enhanced plant height, with the peak observed under the Crown Root Initiation (CRI) + 30% depletion of available soil moisture (DASM) treatment at all observation stages. Notably, despite these pronounced effects on plant growth, the chosen crop establishment methods and irrigation schedules did not result in any significant differences in the available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) in the soil after the wheat harvest. This nuanced exploration of agricultural practices emphasizes the complexity of nutrient dynamics in soil-plant systems and underscores the necessity for further research to refine nutrient management strategies and promote sustainable wheat cultivation practices.
Effect of Micronutrients on Productivity and Profitability of Pea (Pisum sativum sub sp. hortense)
Authors: Pal Ratan Kumar , Pal A. K. , Chaurasiya Rajkumar , Bharadwaj Moomal , Sharma Ankur
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of micronutrients on productivity and profitability of pea (Pisum sativum sub sp. hortense) at the Vegetable Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, during the winter season of 2019- 2020. The experiment was laid out in the Randomized Block Design comprising of 9 treatments including control with different concentrations of boron and zinc applied to the pea crop viz., Control, Boron-20(0.06%), Boron-20(0.09%), ZnSo4 (0.03%), ZnSo4 (0.05%), Boron-20(0.06%) + ZnSo4(0.03%), Boron-20(0.06%) + ZnSo4(0.05%), Boron-20(0.09%)+ ZnSo4(0.03%) and Boron-20(0.09%)+ZnSo4 (0.05%) which were replicated thrice. Garden Pea variety “Azad Pea-3” was sown at row to row spacing of 30 cm x plant to plant spacing of 10 cm. The crop was uniformly fertilized by 20 kg N, 40 kg P2O5, 40 kg K2O /ha through urea and diammonium phosphate and muriate of potash. However, Zinc and boron was applied through zinc sulphate and borax as per the requirement of the treatments. The results indicated that the application B-20(0.09%) + ZnSO4(0.05%) recorded the highest quantity of seeds per pod (9.27g) number of pods per plant (25.63), yield per plant (64.23g), fruit yield (135.37 q/ha)  which was closely followed by application of B-20(0.09%)+ZnSO4(0.03%). Further, application B-20(0.09%) + ZnSO4(0.05%) recoded higher B:C ratio (4.06) as compared to control (2.72). Thus, application of B-20(0.09%) + ZnSO4(0.05%) was found to the best treatment among all the treatments in improving the productivity of garden pea for the resource poor farmers of India.
Orthonormal Bases on \(\mathit{L}^2\)(\(\mathbb{R}\)\(^+\))
Authors: Chadzitaskos Goce , Havlicek Miloslav , Patera Jiri
Published: December 2023

In addition to orthogonal polynomials, orthogonal functions also play an important role. Their applications are, among others, in the fields of signal and data analysis, dynamic modeling. They are related to the solution of differential equations. In this paper we derive the explicit form of one parameter family of orthonormal bases on space \(\mathit{L}^2\)(\(\mathbb{R}\)\(^+\)). The bases are formed by eigenvectors of the self-adjoint extension \(\mathit{H}_\xi\), parametrized by \(\xi\) \(\in\) \(\small\langle\)0,\(\pi\)), of differential expression \(\mathit{H} = -{ \mathit{d}^2 \over \mathit{d}^{x2}} +{ \mathit{x}^2 \over 4} \) together with the spectrum \(\sigma\)(\(\mathit{H}_\xi\)) on the space \(\mathit{L}^2\)(\(\mathbb{R}^+\)). For each \(\xi\) the set of eigenvectors form an orthonormal basis of \(\mathit{L}^2\)(\(\mathbb{R}\)\(^+\)). From the physical point of view, it is a solution of the Schrodinger equation of a harmonic oscillator on a semi-straight line. To correlate platelet count, splenic index (SI), platelet count/spleen diameter ratio and portal-systemic venous collaterals with the presence of esophageal varices in advanced liver disease to validate other screening parameters.
Pharmacologic Treatment of Schizophrenia Beyond Dopamine Receptor Blockade—Has Its Time Come Yet?
Authors: Correll Christoph U. , Citrome Leslie
Published: December 2023

This Viewpoint describes the need for novel mechanism of action agents for schizophrenia to extend therapeutic options and improve outcomes.
Predicting the population viability of an endangered amphibian under environmental and demographic uncertainty
Authors: Brooks George C. , Chandler Houston C. , Jiao Yan , Childs Dylan Z. , Haas Carola A.
Published: December 2023

Population viability analyses (PVAs) represent a key component of many recovery plans for threatened and endangered species. Demography links the processes that affect individuals to population‐level patterns, and hence projections constructed from demographic data are the most common tools for PVAs. We constructed a size‐structured integral projection model (IPM) for the United States federally endangered Reticulated Flatwoods Salamander, Ambystoma bishopi, to evaluate demographic influences on population growth and predict the efficacy of future management actions. Flatwoods salamanders breed in ephemeral wetlands in the Southeastern United States. The ephemeral nature of breeding sites can result in complete recruitment failure in drought years when wetlands fail to fill, or dry before metamorphosis occurs. As a result, this species exhibits marked temporal variability in vital rates that must be accounted for in projection models. We constructed a stochastic IPM using 13 years of mark‐recapture data (2010–2023) from two breeding wetlands. Variable survival rates exhibited by flatwoods salamanders, coupled with a high probability of recruitment failure, result in a low predicted probability of population persistence. Sensitivity analyses revealed age at maturity and the frequency of recruitment exerted the greatest influence on population growth, and thus managers should prioritize conservation efforts that target these demographic processes. Additional management should consider strategies to dampen temporal variability in larval survival, something that could be achieved through emergency salvage operations, captive rearing efforts, and manipulation of wetland hydroperiods.