bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of customized smartphone based sleep hygiene therapy on insomnia among senior citizens during the COVID-19 lockdown, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Savarimuthu Rogina J. S. , Kumar U. Nantha , Dharshini M. Priya , Gnanaprakash A. , Cherian Cynthia Mary , Lakshmi S. Vijaya
Published: November 2024

Quantitative research approach with one group pretest - posttest research design was used to examine the “Efficacy of customized smartphone based sleep hygiene therapy on insomnia among senior citizens during the COVID-19 lockdown, Tamil Nadu, India”. Objectives were 1) To assess the existing level of insomnia and 2) To determine the efficacy of customized smartphone based sleep hygiene therapy for insomnia. The study was conducted among senior citizens who had access to android mobile phones and who responded to the e-survey. Web-based link was created on Google Forms and shared through WhatsApp application. The therapy was administered in real time using videogenic therapy sessions that were administered via web calls. During phase I of data collection, convenient sampling technique was used to select eligible participants. In phase II of data collection, purposive sampling technique was used to include participants with insomnia. Self-structured demographic questionnaire, the insomnia severity index and sleep diary were used. The intervention involved sleep restriction, bed time restriction, relaxation therapy and stimulus control therapy. In line with the sleep diary assessment the required virtual intervention was provided solitarily or in combination. The prevalence of insomnia was 64.2%. The customized smartphone based sleep hygiene therapy on insomnia was effective (p=0.000) among senior citizens during COVID-19 lockdown.
The establishment of urology as a specialty: Historical context and the Sri Lankan perspective: Celebrating the legacy of Sri Lanka's urological pioneer
Authors: Perera N. D.
Published: November 2024

No abstract available
Book Review; Fundamentals of semen analysis – A practical guide
Authors: Abeygunasekera  A. M. , Sivagnanasundarampillai T.
Published: November 2024

No abstract available
Lessons learned from the risk-informed urban development initiative in the SADC region
Authors: Letebele Ketlaodirelang E. , De Araujo Manuel A.A.L , Belle Johanes A. , Shigwedha Frederika A. , Bakajika Lucie N. , Ochieng Geofrey , Johann Georg , Raphela Tlou D. , Yoedsel Jimmy P. , Samuel Gorata , Sada Karl H.G.
Published: November 2024

This study presents the systemisation of lessons learned from the urban sector in which the measures based on the guiding principle of risk-informed development (RID) have been implemented in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region at the national and/or sub-national levels. Despite notable risks in the region, these are not adequately considered in urban development planning and programming. Aiming at strengthening RID in the SADC region, the objectives of this peer-to-peer exchange were achieved through virtual workshops, roundtables and briefings on a cloud-based and open-source BigBlueButton Web conferencing system. Risk-based decision frameworks were used as footprints throughout the moderation phases. Peer-to-peer exchanges totalled 25 events and 80 registered individual members. About 14 SADC member states and 26 cities represented by city officials, local governments and academia participated in this process. Results along the risk-based decision frameworks lead to a clustering of recurring topics during the peer-to-peer exchange, which are presented along legal and organisational setups; budget and funding; risk assessment and mitigation options; and data and information flows considerations.Contribution: Aligned with the ‘Regional Assessment on Urban Vulnerability and Resilience in SADC Member States’ by conclusions provide a series of recommendations for risk-informed urban development in the SADC region.
Ehlers–Danlos Syndrome Association with Nondilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Taghavi Sepideh , Ofoghi Mahdis , Soheili Amirali
Published: November 2024

Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (EDS), a genetically inherited collagen defect, results in altered function of different organs such as joint hyper-mobility and skin laxity. It also affects the cardiovascular, immune, autonomic nerves, and gastrointestinal systems. This paper presents the report of a patient with increased joint flexibility and palpitations. Clinical evaluation revealed a diagnosis of EDS and nondilated cardiomyopathy.
Electrocardiographic Parameters in Iranian Children Referring to Hospitals Affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Rahimpour Feisal , Heidari Elahe , Ghaznavi Nazanin Moavenzadeh , Jarahi Lida , Mansoorian Mozhgan
Published: November 2024

Background:

Various studies and guidelines have been published for the interpretation of electrocardiograms (ECGs) around the world. However, there is insufficient evidence supporting the relationship between race, ethnicity, and ECG parameters in the pediatric population.

Objectives:

This study is a pioneering effort to create a standardized registry in Iran, aiming to determine normal electrocardiographic parameters for Iranian children.

Methodology:

This preliminary pilot study was a descriptive cross-sectional type. Digital electrocardiography data (with 12 leads) of 382 boys and girls aged 1–216 months (18 years) who visited 3 children’s hospitals affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences were collected over 2 years. The main ECG values examined in this study included the P, QRS, T, U waves, PR interval, QT interval, QTc interval, heart rate (HR), and PR segment. For describing quantitative data, measures of central tendency such as mean and median, and measures of dispersion including standard deviation, range, and quartiles were used. For describing qualitative variables, the percentage of frequency was used. Quantitative data descriptions were done separately by gender and age groups.

Results:

HR and ECG parameters by sex and age group (1 month–18 years) were measured in this study.

Conclusion:

Our findings differ from those of previous studies. These differences might be due to the limitations of this study, such as the sample size and the diversity of racial backgrounds. To fully comprehend these discrepancies, it is important to establish registries and conduct studies with larger sample sizes.
Enhancing Power Grid Reliability with AGC and PSO: Insights from the Timimoun Photovoltaic Park
Authors: Tadjeddine Ali Abderrazak , Arbaoui Iliace , Bendjillali Ridha Ilyas , Chaker Abdelkader
Published: November 2024

This article investigates the impact of integrating Variable Renewable Energy (VRE), specifically solar energy from the Timimoun Photovoltaic Park, on the PIAT electrical grid stability in southern Algeria. The study focuses on how fluctuations in power demand and changes in weather conditions can affect grid frequency control, potentially leading to transient stability issues. To address these challenges, the research proposes the implementation of an Automatic Generation Control (AGC) system combined with the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to optimize solar energy distribution. This approach effectively regulates real-time frequency deviations resulting from VRE integration, ensuring balanced supply and demand, and controllable power factor injection. The findings demonstrate that the integration of AGC and PSO stabilizes the frequency at the Timimoun Photovoltaic Park and reduces total active losses in the PIAT network by 13.88%. Additionally, strategic power factor control at the injection buses ensures optimal power quality and maximizes the utilization of the photovoltaic park, leading to a 4.84% reduction in the PIAT grid's reliance on gas turbines. This approach contributes to lowering operational costs, reducing carbon emissions, and supporting a transition to greener energy.
Liver cell cancer surveillance practice in Nigeria: Pitfalls and future prospects
Authors: Musa Yusuf , Ifeorah Ijeoma M , Maiyaki Abubakar Sadiq , Almustapha Rahama Mohammad , Maisuna Yussuf Abdulkadir , Saleh Habib Tijjani , Yakubu Abdulmumini
Published: November 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a disease of public health concern in Nigeria, with chronic hepatitis B and C infections contributing most to the disease burden. Despite the increasing incidence of HCC, surveillance practices for early diagnosis and possible cure are not deeply rooted in the country. This article aims to review the current status of HCC surveillance in Nigeria, stressing the encounters, breaches, and potential prospects. Several factors, such as limited tools for screening and diagnostics, insufficient infrastructure, and low cognizance among the doctors, and the general public affect the surveillance practices for HCC in Nigeria. Moreover, the lack of standardized guidelines and protocols for HCC surveillance further intensifies the suboptimal diagnosis and treatment. Nevertheless, there are opportunities for refining surveillance practices in the country. This would be achieved through boosted public health sensitization campaigns, integrating HCC screening into routine clinical services, and leveraging technological developments for early detection and monitoring. Furthermore, collaboration between government agencies, healthcare providers, and international organizations can facilitate the development of comprehensive HCC surveillance programs personalized to the Nigerian setting. Thus, HCC surveillance practice faces substantial challenges. By addressing the drawbacks and leveraging prospects, Nigeria can improve HCC surveillance, with subsequent improved outcomes for individuals at risk of developing the disease.
Pathogenesis and research progress of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Shan Guan-Yue , Wan Hui , Zhang Yu-Xin , Cheng Jun-Ya , Qiao Duan-Rui , Liu Yi-Ying , Shi Wen-Na , Li Hai-Jun
Published: November 2024

In this editorial, we comment on the article by Mei et al . Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe inflammatory subtype of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with pathological features including steatosis, hepatocellular damage, and varying degrees of fibrosis. With the epidemic of metabolic diseases and obesity, the prevalence of NAFLD in China has increased, and it is now similar to that in developed countries; thus, NAFLD has become a major chronic liver disease in China. Human epidemiological data suggest that estrogen has a protective effect on NASH in premenopausal women and that sex hormones influence the development of liver disease. This review focuses on the pathogenesis, treatment, and relationship between NASH and other diseases as well as on the relationship between NASH and sex hormone metabolism, with the aim of providing new strategies for the treatment of NASH.
Chronic hepatitis B: Prevent, diagnose, and treat before the point of no return
Authors: Marrapu Sudheer , Kumar Ramesh
Published: November 2024

Hepatitis B remains a significant global health challenge, contributing to substantial morbidity and mortality. Approximately 254 million people worldwide live with Chronic hepatitis B (CHB), with the majority of cases occurring in sub-Saharan Africa and the Western Pacific regions. Alarmingly, only about 13.4% of the individuals infected with this disease have been diagnosed, and awareness of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection status is as low as 1% in sub-Saharan Africa. In 2022, CHB led to 1.1 million deaths globally. The World Health Organization (WHO) has set a target of eliminating hepatitis B as a public health concern by 2030; however, this goal appears increasingly unattainable due to multiple challenges. These challenges include low vaccination coverage; a large number of undiagnosed cases; a low proportion of patients eligible for treatment under current guidelines; limited access to healthcare; and the costs associated with lifelong treatment. Treatment of HBV can yield significant clinical benefits within a long window of opportunity. However, the benefits of therapy are markedly diminished when the disease is detected at the advanced cirrhosis stage. This editorial aim to highlight the current challenges in hepatitis care and the necessary steps to achieve the WHO's hepatitis elimination goals for 2030.
Prevalence and risk factors associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection: A population-based study
Authors: Abdel-Razeq Rashid , Bitar Lynn , Bitar Elio R , Onwuzo Chidera , Abu-Hammour Mohamad-Noor , Eren Barish , Mohamed Islam , Johnson Adejoke , Boustany Antoine , Onwuzo Somtochukwu , Asaad Imad
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) is associated with the development of gastrointestinal disorders ranging from gastritis to gastric cancer. The evidence of the association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and H. pylori infection in the literature is scarce. Therefore, we aim to evaluate the risk of developing MASH in patients who have had a diagnosis of H. pylori infection independently of any confounding variables.

AIM

To evaluate the risk of developing MASH in patients who have had a diagnosis of H. pylori infection.

METHODS

This study used a validated multicenter research database of over 360 hospitals across 26 healthcare systems across the United States from 1999 to 2022. Multivariate regression analysis assessed the risk of developing MASH, adjusting for confounders including H. pylori infection, obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and male gender. A two-sided P value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant, and all statistical analyses were performed using R version 4.0.2 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria, 2008).

RESULTS

A total of 79476132 individuals were screened in the database and 69232620 were selected in the final analysis after accounting for inclusion and exclusion criteria. Smokers (14.30%), patients with hyperlipidemia (70.35%), hypertension (73.86%), diabetes mellitus type 2 (56.46%), and obese patients (58.15%) were more common in patients with MASH compared to control. Using a multivariate regression analysis, the risk of MASH was increased in diabetics [odds ratio (OR): 3.55; 95%CI: 3.48-3.62], obese (OR: 5.93; 95%CI: 5.81-6.04), males (OR: 1.49; 95%CI: 1.46-1.52), individuals with hyperlipidemia (OR: 2.43; 95%CI: 2.38-2.49) and H. pylori infection (OR: 2.51; 95%CI: 2.31-2.73).

CONCLUSION

This is the largest population-based study in the United States illustrating an increased prevalence and odds of developing MASH in patients with H. pylori infection after adjusting for risk factors.
Complement activation targeted inhibitor C2-FH ameliorates acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice
Authors: Li Chun-Mei , Sun Tian , Yang Mou-Jie , Yang Zhi , Li Qing , Shi Jia-Lin , Zhang Chong , Jin Jun-Fei
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Complement activation is recognized as an important factor in the progression of liver damage caused by acetaminophen (APAP). However, the role of the complement inhibitor C2-FH in APAP-induced liver injury remains unclear.

AIM

To explore C2-FH in protecting against APAP-induced liver injury by inhibiting complement activation.

METHODS

A model of APAP-induced liver injury was used to study the protective effect of C2-FH on liver injury. C2-FH was administered through intraperitoneal injection 30 minutes after APAP treatment. We detected the effects of C2-FH on liver function, inflammatory response and complement activation. Additionally, RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis was conducted to understand the mechanism through which C2-FH provides protection against APAP-induced liver injury.

RESULTS

C2-FH inhibited the increase in serum alanine aminotransferase activity, aspartate aminotransferase activity and lactate dehydrogenase, and reduced liver tissue necrosis caused by APAP. Moreover, it attenuated the inflammatory response and inhibited complement activation in APAP-induced liver injury. RNA-Seq analysis provided additional explanations for the protective role of C2-FH against APAP-induced liver injury.

CONCLUSION

C2-FH attenuates APAP-induced liver injury by inhibiting complement activation.
Persistence And Repellency Potentials Of Balanites Aegyptiaca And Azadirachta Indica Seed Oils Against Tropical Warehouse Moth (Ephestia Cautella Walker) In Stored Maize
Authors: A Shehu , A M Malgwi , M A Medugu
Published: November 2024

A study was conducted to assess the persistence and repellency potentials of seed oils of desert date (Balanites aegyptiaca) and neem (Azadirachta indica) against the tropical warehouse moth (Ephestia cautella walker), Dichlorvos (DDVP) was used as a positive control. Different concentrations of neem and desert date oils (10, 15, 20, and 25 ml/l) and DDVP (10 ml/l) were used to treat 100 g of maize grains, while repellency of the insect to the oils on treated filter paper was also assessed at the same dose rates, arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and means were separated using the New Duncan Multiple Range Test (NDMRT) at 0.05 %. Results showed that Dichlorvos, desert date and neem seed oils caused 100 % mortality, and repellency of 33.33, 86.67 and 66.67 %, respectively after 72 hours. The oils remain effective for 12 weeks with percent mean damage (80.71 % and 92.36 %) and weight loss (29.76 % and 59.79 %) when treated with a high dose (25ml/l) and longer duration of 12 weeks, respectively while, the control has 81.18 and 34.36 % of grain damage and weight loss, respectively. The positive control (DDVP) has 63.89 % and 21.49 % of grain damage and weight loss. It is, therefore, concluded that desert date and neem seed oils significantly caused E. cautella mortality. proven that desert date and neem seed oils provide good protection to maize grains and could be considered as a substitute to Dichlorvos.
Evaluating Citrus Limon And Carica Papaya Seed Extracts In Coagulation-Flocculation For Improved Water Quality: Implications For Treatment Plants
Authors: B E Paul , P E Inyang , A A Ikongshul , U I Joseph , E E Ekerette , B A Reagan , E E Ndem , O O Henderson , O E Victor
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the potential of Citrus limon (lemon) and Carica papaya (papaya) extracts as natural coagulants for improving water quality from the Great Kwa River in Calabar. Water samples from the river were treated with lemon peel extract (LPE) and papaya seed extract (PSE) to evaluate their effectiveness in coagulation-flocculation processes. The research employs a comparative approach, treating water samples with LPE, PSE, boiling, and utilizing an untreated control group for comparison. Water samples were collected from the Great Kwa River and subjected to treatment, samples were divided into three treatment groups; control (o) no treatment, LPE (B) (1: 10 liters of water) and PES (C) (0.5%: 10 liters of water). Parameters such as turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total coliform bacteria (TCB), pH, lead (Pb), arsenic (As), glyphosate, atrazine, bisphenol, ibuprofen, and caffeine were measured during the treatment. Mean values for each parameter across treatment groups were compared using ANOVA to determine if there were significant differences between the groups. Treatment with LPE and PSE significantly reduced TCB, turbidity, COD, TSS, Pb, As, glyphosate, atrazine, bisphenol, ibuprofen, and caffeine compared to the control group. LPE treatment reduced TCB levels from 121.67 CFU/ml in the control group to 110.33 CFU/ml, while PSE treatment reduces to 117.67 CFU/ml. Similarly, LPE treatment reduces turbidity from 26.67 NTU to 18.75 NTU, while PSE treatment was reduced to 20.33 NTU. Mean values for COD, TSS, Pb, As, glyphosate, atrazine, bisphenol, ibuprofen, and caffeine also showed significant reductions following treatment with LPE and PSE compared to the control group. LPE and PSE demonstrated comparable efficacy to secondary boiling in improving water quality parameters. The optimal concentrations and conditions for each extract were identified, demonstrating their potential as eco-friendly and cost-effective alternatives to conventional chemical coagulants. Lemon Peel Extract (LPE) was more effective than Papaya Seed Extract (PSE) in improving water quality, as it achieved greater reductions in microbial pollutants, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, heavy metals, pesticides, and emerging contaminants by natural plant-based extracts for sustainable water treatment solutions in regions with limited access to advanced water purification technologies.
Road Safety And Traffic Crash In Rural Communities Of Cross River South Senatorial District Of Nigeria
Authors: Lucky Ugenlo , Beauty Usoroh Kenneth , Mathew Mike Egong
Published: November 2024

Road safety has been recognized as one of the main pillars of a sustainable transport system. Road traffic injuries are the single biggest source of fatality among children. Awareness of traffic and road safety education and traffic crash in rural communities of southern Cross River State, Nigeria are necessary conditions for curbing incidence of road crashes. The study specifically correlated embedding road safety programme within the school curriculum framework and compulsory attendance of driver training school with road traffic crashes with rural road crashes. It adopted both qualitative and quantitative approaches of survey research. Data were obtained from 630 participants and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment Correlation coefficient. Results revealed existence of significant positive relationship between road safety education programme within the school curriculum and enrollment in driver training school. The study recommended that increasing the awareness and understanding of traffic and road safety practices through education will have an immediate impact on a reduction in traffic related injuries and fatalities in rural communities.
Funding tertiary education for students’ academic performance in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Nwadike Ikechukwu Shedrack
Published: November 2024

The study examined funding tertiary education for students’ academic performance in Rivers State, Nigeria. Two research questions guided the study which adopted a descriptive survey design. The population of the study consisted of all the Deans of all the faculties in the three universities in Rivers State (University of Port Harcourt, 15 Deans; Rivers State University, 12 Deans and Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, 7 Deans). The total population was 34 Deans of Faculties. The selected population size was manageable; hence the reason for sampling was jettisoned. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire titled “Funding Tertiary Education for Students’ Academic Performance Questionnaire” (FTESAPQ). The reliability of the instrument was determined using Cronbach Alpha which yielded a coefficient of 0.76 indicating positive reliability. Data obtained were analyzed using mean and standard deviation for the research questions. The results showed that increase in school funding and sponsorship with an increase in equal provision and distribution of funds to schools contributed to a very high extent in students’ academic performance. It was concluded that increase in funding tertiary institution helps in students’ academic performance. It was recommended amongst others that; government should increase the rate of funding tertiary education in Nigeria.
Toxic metal concentration and ecological risk assessment in surface water, soil sediment, and atmosphere in two selected creeks in Rivers State
Authors: Iyaye David , Aseminaso Tubonemi O. , Dagogo-Brown Igirigi Deinabobo , Digitemie Esther Ingonabo
Published: November 2024

Pollution puts the balance of the earth's support systems at risk, and it threatens the existence of the marine ecosystem: air, surface water, and soil sediment. Samples were collected at three points within the creeks of Isaka and Marine Base for toxic metals analysis. Five toxic metals (As, Cd, Hg, Mn, and Pb) were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The analyses of Isaka creek revealed As and Hg to be of the same concentration of 0.002±0.00 mg/l in surface water, and 0.001±0.00mg/kg apiece in both soil sediment and air. Cd was found to be 0.032±0.001mg/l concentration in surface water, 0.064±0.003mg/kg in soil sediment and 0.002±0.00ppm in air. The concentration of Mn was found to be 0.055±0.004mg/l in surface water, 2.406±0.34mg/kg in soil sediment and 0.005±0.00ppm in the air analysis. For Pb, a concentration of 0.232 ±0.10mg/l was found in surface water, 0.704±0.043mg/kg in soil sediment and 0.002±0.00ppm in air. The result of Marine Base creek showed As to be of a concentration. of 0.007±0.00mg/l in surface water, 0.002±0.00mg/kg in soil sediment and 0.001±0.00ppm in the air. The concentrations of Cd were 0.023±0.001mg/l, 0.041±0.001mg/kg, and 0.001±0.00ppm in surface water, soil sediment and air respectively. Hg has mean concentrations of 0.0005±0.00mg/l in surface water, 0.002±0.00mg/kg in soil sediment and 0.0005±0.00ppm in air, while that of Mn was observed to be 0.067±0.001mg/l in surface water, 37.632±0.064mg/kg in soil sediment and 0.011±0.002ppm in the air. Concentration for Pb metal was observed to be 0.166±0.001mg/l in surface water, 1.407±0.188mg/kg in soil sediment and 0.002±0.00ppm in the air. Also, the contamination factor revealed that the water and soil samples from both creeks fell within low contamination factor (CF<1), indicating no pollution. The Ecological Risk Index (Eri) for all the deleterious elements in the surface water and sediments were < 30, indicating trivial effect from ingestion of surface water or dermal source for intake of sediment from both creeks as they pose no ecological threat to human lives. The sum Risk Index (RI = Σ Eni) for all the toxic metals in the surroundings of both creeks is to be tagged slight as the values are very low below 40. However, the particulate matter concentration of the toxic metals As, Cd, and Pb contained in the atmosphere is higher than the acceptable limits of USEPA. There should therefore be control over the sources of these pollutants to prevent ecological problems.
Polygamy and educational attainment of children in a rural community in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Gbeneneh Dornu , Agada Ovie , Onumbu Chime Ishmael , Deekina Neeka , Deekor Berete Donald , Dornu Rosemary Karasira , Deekor Nwite , Igoma Promise Sunday
Published: November 2024

This study examined polygamy and educational attainment of children in Khana Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. The objective of the study was to explain the relationship between polygamy and educational attainment of children. The study made use of descriptive research design. A structured questionnaire was used to raise data for the study with a reliability index of 0.98. A sample size of 500 respondents was used which was determined through purposive sampling technique. Data were presented in frequency distribution tables and analyzed through the aid of percentage and Pearson Product Moment correlation coefficient set at 0.05 level of significance. The study disclosed that there existed a significant relationship between polygamy and educational attainment of children in Khana Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. The causes were inadequate funding of children’s education by their families and the challenges of unfriendly environment they were faced with at their homes which were not supportive to their educational pursuit. The outcomes were poor academic performance and school dropout, among others. The study recommended that only men with the right financial ability should practice polygamy. The study also stated that family planning should be practiced by polygamous families in order to have family size that can be well handled in terms of children’s education.
Reducing healthcare medication administration errors using a mixed intervention strategy: an overview
Authors: Umoren Otoh Dayo , Oluwadare Oluwaferanmi Joel , Oribhabor Isaac , Akinwande Kayode Gbenga , Atunwa Bushirah Omolara , Akinbebije Pelola Racheal
Published: November 2024

Patient safety is the avoidance and decrease in risks and harm in healthcare systems, which is essential when providing care for patients since it appears to be one of the markers of quality care. A medical error is described as an unplanned action or one that fails to produce the desired result. The most frequent type of medical error is medication error, which has been extensively studied in the past. This paper gives an overview of reducing healthcare medication administration errors, reflecting on the guidelines, policies, and laws at the national and international levels, adopting the fishbone cause and effects analysis, intervention plan for reducing medication error (Mixed Intervention Strategy), potential limitation/alteration to the intervention plans and the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle as a strategy to test the effectiveness of the change implementation.
Repositioning Nigerian education and healthcare system using quality library and information services
Authors: Osaro Endurance Nnorya , Garrick Melicia John
Published: November 2024

This work examined repositioning Nigerian education and healthcare system using quality library and information services. Library and information service (LIS) programme and policies are timeless catalyst of development that play crucial roles in enhancing the educational and healthcare system.. Descriptive survey design was used in the study. The population comprised of 35 librarians in polytechnic libraries in Rivers State. Census sampling technique was adopted to select all the 35 librarians as sample of the study. A 4-point scales structured questionnaire titled “Repositioning education and healthcare through quality library and information services scale” (REHQLISS) was used for data collection. Cronbach Alpha was used to determine the reliability coefficient of the instrument as 0.96. All the 35 copies of the administered questionnaire were successfully retrieved and found valid for the analysis indicating a 100% return rate. It was concluded that LIS is playing important roles in repositioning educational and healthcare, especially in providing access to quality educational materials. Findings of the study revealed that quality library and information services such as library supported open education resources, access to digital transformation, information literacy among others can reposition the education and healthcare system. It was also discovered that the challenges militating against LIS efforts to realize these achievements include poor funding, poor digital transformation in library, lack of training opportunities for staff. The study therefore, recommended that government should improve funding for libraries and rapidly invest in library digital transformation among others.
Ethnomedicinal survey of plants found in Mangu Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria
Authors: Adelanwa E.B. , Sallamu Z.Y. , Adelanwa M.A. , Sambo G.Y.
Published: November 2024

An ethno-medicinal survey of plants was carried out in Mangu Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria. Oral interview and questionnaires were administered to traditional medicinal practitioners (14%), farmers (29%), civil servants (2%), herb sellers (47%), house-wives (5%) and unskilled workers (3%). A recent and valid nomenclature, along with scientific names, local names, prescription and mode of administration of the plant extract used in treating several ailments, was documented. The families Fabaceae and Combretaceae were found to be highest with 16.12% followed by Oleaceae, Anacardiaceae, Myrtaceae, Meliaceae with 6% and the rest of the 24 families with 3.22% each as well as their frequency of occurrence. The parts of plants used, method of preparation and mode of administration were also recorded. Majority of the plants used in ethno-medicine were trees (59.5%), shrubs (19.0%), herbs (14.2%), grasses (2.38%), creeping (2.38%) and parasitic (2.38%). The parts used were leaves (35%), stems (25%), roots (18%), bark (3%), fruit (9%), seed (6%), whole plant (3%) and twig (1%). Several plant parts were used for curing several ailments; the plant species were found to be important in the prevention of most diseases affecting the local dwellers in Mangu L.G.A.
Comparative morphological, proximate, phytochemical and anti-oxidant study of oyster mushroom cultivated on paper waste and sawdust
Authors: Ajewole T.O. , Oluwadare F.A. , Opadokun W.O. , Oyelade M.F. , Aliu D.H.
Published: November 2024

This study assessed the effects of sawdust (amended with wood shavings and rice bran) and paper waste on the growth, proximate composition, phytochemical content and anti-oxidant properties of Pleurotus pulmonarius. To reduce substrate acidity, 200 g of calcium carbonate was added, and after pasteurisation, the substrates were inoculated and incubated for an average of 24 days. P. pulmonarius grown on paper waste exhibited the fastest spawn running (18 days), pinhead formation (22 days) and fruiting body development (28 days). The largest pileus diameter (3.00 cm) and number of fruiting bodies (8) were observed on mushrooms grown on sawdust, while paper waste yielded the highest stipe length (2.73 cm) and fruiting body height (6.43 cm). Paper waste cultivation resulted in the highest sugar (0.30%), protein (29.77%) and ash content (50.58%), whereas sawdust resulted in the highest carbohydrate (52.18%) and moisture (69.70%). Sawdust also enhanced flavonoid, phenol, tannin and alkaloid levels. P. pulmonarius grown on paper waste showed superior anti-oxidant activity across all concentrations tested (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 µg/mL). Both substrates influenced the proximate composition of the mushroom, with paper waste being optimal for growth and anti-oxidant activity, and sawdust better for phytochemical content.
Growth and yield stability of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) genotypes in late and early planting seasons in a high rainfall and humid rainforest zone
Authors: Goodlife E.E. , Wilson V. , Jaja E.T.
Published: November 2024

This experiment was conducted in the late and early seasons of 2021 and 2022, respectively in the Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt. Four tomato genotypes NHTO 0201, B52, NHTO 0294 and Thorgal F1 hybrid were raised for six weeks and transplanted into plastic bags filled with 10 kg of soil and laid out in a CRD in the field with each treatment replicated six times. Data were analysed using ANOVA at p=0.05 in a CRD factorial arrangement with planting season as Factor A and genotype as Factor B. Plant height, number of leaves/plant, number of branches/plant, number of days to 50% flowering, days from flowering to fruiting and number of fruits/ plant were significantly higher in the early season than in the late season. Tomato genotypes showed significant differences in number of leaves/plant, number of branches/plant and number of flowers/plant. Planting season by genotype interaction was significant for Number of leaves/plant and number of fruits/ plant. In the late season, B52 had the highest yield stability of 2.857, whereas in the early season, NHTO 0294 had the highest yield stability of 2.121. Averaging for both seasons, B52 had the highest yield stability of 2.107. For stable yield in both seasons, the B52 genotype is recommended, being the one with the highest yield, most stable and well adapted. It could be used as a breeding material for improving tomato production in the high rainfall region.
Nutritional diversity of two phaseolus accessions from northern Nigeria
Authors: Ikani V.O. , Falusi O.A. , Daudu O.A.Y. , Abubakar A.
Published: November 2024

Malnutrition is still prevalent in Nigeria as a result of the decline in protein intake owing to scarcity and un-affordable price of animal protein. Phaseolus species is an underutilised crop in Nigeria with potentials as a good source of protein, nutrients and minerals, and with high medicinal value. This study was aimed at investigating the nutritional diversity of twenty-nine accessions of Phaseolus vulgaris and four accessions of P. lunatus collected from growing regions in Northern Nigeria using the AOAC methods. The result of proximate composition showed that moisture content was lowest in KD-06 (3.79 %); KD-08 had the highest protein content (27.08 %); carbohydrate content was highest in KD-05 (70.03 %). Pl- 10 had the highest crude fat (8.37 %) while crude fibre was highest in KD-10 (10.15 %). PL-14 had the highest energy value (392.44 kcal/100 g). Mineral composition also varied across the accessions studied. Calcium was highest in KD-10 (570 mg/100 g); magnesium was highest in KD-08 (43 mg/100 g); potassium was highest in PL-05 (55.30 mg/100 g) while phosphorus was highest in PL-02 (532.00 mg/100 g). Phaseolus species present in Northern Nigeria possess a great diversity which can be harnessed by plant breeders to produce varieties of Phaseolus with better nutritional qualities in the future.
Evaluation of germination, growth and flowering characteristics of selected tomato genotypes in a high rainfall region
Authors: Goodlife E.E. , Wilson V. , Jaja E.T.
Published: November 2024

This research was conducted to evaluate germination, seedling growth, vegetative and flowering characteristics of five tomato genotypes - NHTO 0201, NHTO 0294, B52, Thorgal F1 hybrid and Cameroun. Seedlings from the nursery were transplanted into bags filled with 10 kg soil, replicated 6 times and laid out using the completely randomised design (CRD) in the field. Data collected from seedlings were percentage germination, days to first and last seedling emergence, height, number of leaves and seedling vigour index (SVI). At 50% flowering, plant height, number of leaves/plant, primary branches/plant, days to 50% flowering, flower clusters/plant and flowers/plant were gathered. Data were analysed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Means were compared using the least significance difference (LSD) at p = 0.05. Germination percentage and seedling characteristics did not differ significantly amongst genotypes. Significant correlations were observed between germination and SVI (r = 0.939*) and between days to the first and last seedling emergence (r = 0.895*). There were significant differences in leaves/plant and primary branches/plant but not flowering characteristics. Plant height and days to 50% flowering correlated significantly (r = 0.889*). Plant height, primary branches/plant (r = 0.978**) and flower clusters/plant and flowers/plant (r = 0.975**) were highly and significantly correlated. Selection pressure could be directed to characteristics with positive correlations.
Aspects of Romanian Japanese Relations (1917–1944). The Southeastern European Connections of an Asian Great Power
Authors: Viţalaru Adrian
Published: November 2024

From the establishment of the Romanian legation in Tokyo in 1917 until the severance of diplomatic contacts in October 1944, relations between Romania and Japan went through several stages (1917–1922; 1922–1940; 1940–1944), dominated by feeble attempts to develop commercial ties and to assume a common political agenda. The most important issue on the bilateral agenda during the interwar period was the ratification by Japan of the Bessarabian Treaty, signed in October 1920. For pragmatic reasons, which were closely linked to economic and political interests between Japan and Soviet Russia, the Tokyo authorities did not ratify the treaty. This fact shows that the “Soviet factor” played an important role in Romanian Japanese relations, as they were neighbors of the USSR, whose security equation included the Soviet variable.
The Evolution of Hungarian Geopolitics in the Years 1920–1945
Authors: Kopyś Tadeusz
Published: November 2024

The signing of the Treaty of Trianon in June 1920 was a turning point in the geopolitics of the Hungarian state. Before the war, this geopolitical situation was also somewhat illusory, given that Hungary had only limited sovereignty, being part of the dualistic structure of the Danube Monarchy until October 1918. Following the year 1920, the political landscape of Hungary was characterized by a significant reorganization of its territorial boundaries. The achievement of these goals was complicated by the necessity for Hungary to first break out of international isolation and then find allies. In domestic politics, Budapest was compelled to implement decisive socio-political reforms, as the country’s participation on the international stage was contingent upon these reforms (referred to as internal revision).
Would-be Settlement from Upper Silesia in Northern Bulgaria in 1882
Authors: Popek Krzysztof
Published: November 2024

The aim of the article is to present the fate of the would-be settlement of Poles from the Koźle county to the district of Svishtov in northern Bulgaria in 1882, based on the Ministry of Finance’s materials found in in the Central State Archives in Sofia. As a result of the information provided by the missionary Grzegorz Piegza operating in the area of Svishtov, about 150 families from Upper Silesia expressed their willingness to move to the Balkans and live among the Catholic communities functioning there. It seemed that they could take advantage of the settlement action organized by the Bulgarian authorities from 1880, which assumed the distribution of land to the newcomers. However, these petitions met with a refusal by the authorities in Sofia, who wanted to bring only Bulgarians living outside the Balkans. Petitions sent from Upper Silesia to the Bulgarian authorities in 1882 are a source of information not only on the causes of migrations from this part of Prussia, but also provide knowledge about the identity of Silesians at the end of the 19th century. The analysis also served as a starting point for reflection on Bulgarian migration policy of this period.
The Myth of the “Fifth Column” in the Discourse on the Political Organisation of Bulgarian Turks
Authors: Fijołek-Kwaśniewska Katarzyna
Published: November 2024

The first years of democratic transition in Bulgaria were marked by profound social processes. One of the aims of the political elites of the time was to repair the state’s ethnic policies. However, the 1990s in the country also saw an explosion of nationalist and xenophobic sentiments. Nationalist communities sought not only what united the nation, but also appeared as a threat to its integrity. Therefore, the formation of a new identity also meant pointing to what constitutes a kind of antithesis of Bulgarian identity. The Turkish minority was entangled in this narrative of foreign influence, imposing the label of the so-called “fifth column” on this group. The myth of the “fifth column” itself was present in the Bulgarian public debate much earlier, but after 1989 it acquired a new dimension. Nowadays, it is mainly used to criticise the activities of the political organisations of the Turkish minority and their links with the Republic of Turkey. The aim of this article is to show the etiology of this issue and to identify the interest groups that are actively constructing a similar discourse in contemporary Bulgaria.
Primary Anterior Nasal Cleft Floor Reconstruction with Inceptive Obturpaedic Treatment
Authors: Eroğlu Çağla
Published: November 2024

Primary anterior nasal floor reconstruction presents an additional challenge during primary cheiloplasty for cleft anomalies. Successful reconstruction of the anterior nasal floor requires a superior layer along the full length of the primary palate, achieved through a sequence of three distinct interventions. Obturpaedic treatment is utilising the neonatal and infant growth period to modulate presurgically the alveolar segments in aligning for an ideal gothic arch. The modulation aids in narrowing the anterior nasal floor, but also decreasing the width of the cleft lip defect and cleft defect of the secondary palate. Excess tissue at the lateral lip segment, as identified during the design of a cheiloplasty, can be used effectively as a muco-subdermoid tissue flap for the floor in the primary palate defect. The flap is pedicled at the buccal-lip-sulcus region, placed between the alveolar segments and connects at the secondary hard palate. Such a created mucosal layer in the anterior nasal floor also serves as a secure superior layer in supporting transplanted bone during secondary osteoplasty. After post-primary surgery, this layer avoids oro-nasal opening due to an effective secured flap between the primary palate and a reconstructed secondary hard palate. This subsequently leads during the paediatric growth phase and orthopaeddontic treatments to an advantage, which impacts the long-term. The combination of an essential obturpaedic and a precise primary surgical intervention significantly reduces the need of extensive secondary treatments, in aesthetic, functional and midfacial dysgnathial development during the paediatric growth and the post-orthopaeddontic periods.
A Case of Chronic Bilateral Tibial Stress Fractures Treated with Intramedullary Nailing
Authors: Raj Sharath
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Stress fractures are a type of overuse injury that frequently affects athletes, military personnel and individuals with endocrine disorders. Research has indicated that cases of anterior tibial stress fractures that do not respond to conservative treatment can be successfully treated using intramedullary nailing. To date, there has been a single documented case of patients with both tibial stress fractures treated with bilateral intramedullary nailing and all of them were professional athletes. This report examines the case of an individual who did not participate in sports and had persistent stress fractures in their lower legs, which were effectively treated by inserting two nails into the bone.

Case Report: A 23-year-old male student who was a full-time student came to the clinic with persistent pain in both of his shins that had been bothering him for about five years. He had experimented with different conservative treatments, but none of them had provided any relief from his symptoms. The diagnosis of chronic bilateral tibial stress fractures was established by examining the patient’s medical records, performing a physical assessment and employing imaging methods. The patient received sequential intramedullary nailing for both of their tibiae. Even though both tibiae exhibited valgus alignment, it did not impact the placement of the nails. As the nails were inserted into the sclerotic canals, they adapted to the existing deformity, aligning themselves accordingly. The postoperative assessment revealed a successful fusion of the tibiae, providing significant relief from the patient’s symptoms.

Conclusion: Overall, the application of intramedullary nailing offers a promising solution for managing chronic bilateral stress fractures, providing a viable option for patients who may otherwise face prolonged recovery times or persistent pain. By expanding the indications for this surgical technique, healthcare providers can improve outcomes for a broader patient population, ultimately enhancing their ability to return to normal activities and improving their overall quality of life.