bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CAPITAL STRUCTURE ON THE COST OF CAPITAL OF FIRMS LISTED AT THE NAIROBI SECURITIES EXCHANGE, KENYA
Authors: Nicodemus Kitukutha Mutinda , Wamugo Dr. Lucy
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of CS on the cost of capital of organizationslisted at the NSE. Kenya.Methodology:The study adopted a descriptive research design. The target population for this study were the 41 listed companies on the NSE which were drawn from a list of 65 after applying various exclusion and inclusion criteria. A census of 41 firms was therefore used. Secondary Data for the year 2010 to 2014 was collected from the NSE handbook. Data collected was analysed using descriptive statistics which included means and standard deviations. Inferential statistics such as Pearson correlation and panelregression was also used.The results were presented in form of tables, figures, charts, graphs and trend lines.Results: Based on the findings, the study concluded that there was a significant and positive relationship between asset ratio, total equity to debt ratio, total long term debt to total asset ratio and total short term debt to total asset ratio and cost of capital of firms listed in the NSE. These findings imply that an increase in any of the ratios led to an increase in cost of capital.Policy recommendation:Based on the findings the study recommended that firms should pursue optimum capital structure mix, which will ensure minimum cost of capital. They can do this by focusing on those forms of capital that had lower impacts on cost of capital.
EFFECTS OF MOBILE BANKING ON CAPITAL STRUCTURE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYA
Authors: Eric Musalia Kilasi , Oluoch Dr. Oluoch
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the effects of mobile banking on the capital structure of commercial banks in Kenya. Materials and methods: The study adopted descriptive cross sectional survey. The study population was 43 commercial banks in Kenya as at December 2015. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design that is cross-sectional in approach. The study covered the period 2010 to 2015. Secondary data set was gathered from the Audited Financial statements of the Banks, those deposited at the Nairobi Securities Exchange and CBK annual banking survey reports. A survey of all the 43 commercial banks was undertaken banks. A census of all the 43 banks was done. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 complimented by STATA software was used to aid in data analysis. Results: The study revealed that amount of loans issued, amount of withdrawals, amount of deposits and number of mobile bank users were satisfactory variables in explaining capital structure of commercial banks in Kenya. This is supported by coefficient of determination of 59.41%. Result findings revealed that amount of deposits was positively and significantly related to capital structure of the commercial banks. Recommendations: It is therefore recommended that commercial banks focus on building a strong relationship with customers. Further, it is recommended that commercial banks expand the mobile banking through adoption of mobile technology. The study used secondary data to determine the relationship between mobile banking and capital structure of commercial banks in Kenya.
A TEST OF THE FAMA-FRENCH FIVE FACTOR MODEL IN COMPARISON TO THE CAPITAL ASSET PRICING MODEL AT THE LUSAKA SECURITIES EXCHANGE
Authors: Musawa Nsama , Kapena Prof. Sumbye , Shikaputo Dr . Chanda
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The capital asset pricing model (CAPM)  is one of  the basic models in the security price analysis.Many asset pricing models have been developed to improve the CAPM.Among such models is the latest  Fama and French five factor model which is being  empirically tested in various stock markets. This study tested the five factor model in comparison to the capital asset pricing model. Testing the Fama and French Five factor model in comparison to the CAPM was important because the CAPM is widely taken to be the basic model in the security price analysis.

Methodology: The Fama and French methodology was used to test  the data from an emerging market, the Lusaka Securities Exchange. A deductive, quantitative research design and secondary data from the Lusaka Securities Exchange was used. Data was analyzed using multiple regression.

Results: The results indicate that the Five Factor model is better than the CAPM in capturing variation in the stock returns. The Adjusted R-squared for the five factor model from all individual portfolio sorting was 0.9, while that for the CAPM was 0.13

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: This study has contributed to theory in that it has added a voice to the ongoing debt on the suitability of  the new Fama and French Five Factor model which is at the cutting hedge in finance theory.Further the study is from developing capital market.

Keywords:, CAPM, Stock returns, Fama and French five factor model
EFFECT OF USAGE OF DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF NON-FINANCIAL FIRMS
Authors: Waswa Mercelline Nafula , Wepukhulu Dr. Joshua Matanda
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of derivative financial instrument utilization on the financial performance of non-financial firms recorded at the Nairobi Securities Exchange. The objectives that guided this study are to assess the impact of use of derivatives in risk management on financial performance of non-financial firms listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE).

Methodology: The study embraced the regression model. A census of all the 47 non-financial firms listed at the NSE as at December 2017 constituted the target population where only 11 listed non-financial firms were financial derivative instruments users. The study utilized qualitative and quantitative research techniques especially the utilization of descriptive research design. The data for this study was collected using questionnaires, audited financial statements and annual reports of individual firms for the multi year time frame covering 2013-2017 (the two years comprehensive).

Results: The study discovered that greater part of the firms (66.67%) utilizes Forwards, 22.22% utilize Swaps and 11.11% utilize Futures and Options for financial risk management. From the study the outcomes were as per the following: presence of debt in the financial structure of the non-financial firms listed at the NSE does not influence its financial performance as estimated by return on assets (ROA), use of derivatives in efficiency in trading influences the financial performance of the firms, use of derivatives in price stabilization is statistically significant and utilization of derivatives in price discovery does not influence the financial performance of the firms. By and large, the performance of the recorded non-financial firms at the NSE amid the time of study was 8.13 with a standard deviation of 10.67.

Unique contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommended that firms should combine both debt and equity in their financial structure. It is therefore incumbent on firms’ managers and financial advisors to continuously study the market and advice on the appropriateness of the proportions of the various sources of finance based on market circumstances at any given time.
Human Resource Management: The Consequences of Changes in Government Management
Authors: Ahmed Ghofran
Published: September 2020

Employees as human resources (HR) are a central factor in an organization. Managing people in management is closely related to organizing management itself. Increasing benefits in the aspect of workability within the organization is a major consideration for HRD policies. The HRD policy is closely related to the HRM aspect, namely investing in people and developing the organization's human capital. To get employees who are efficient in the organization, then placing the humanitarian aspect as the basis for employee development. Through reforms at the organizational level both for individual employees in particular and the organization in general, a human power based perspective is offered. There is a new trend of organizations that are more consumer-oriented, and involve them in strategic planning processes that do not interest most of them. This can apply to public sector organizations.
VP 2 Last van de oorlog, Hfdst 6
Authors: scagliola stef
Published: September 2020

Proefschrift over de verwerking van de strijd in Indonesie 1945-1949 en het geweld dat door de Nlse strijdkrachten is uitgevoerd.
VP 28 Pasiwari, Sukarman
Authors: Sukarman Pasiwari , Schumacher Peter
Published: September 2020

PDF van Indonesisch historisch verslag van aanval op Rawagede geschreven door Sukarman, voorzitter van de stichting voor hulp aan de weduwen van Rawagede en organisatie van de herdenking op 9 December. Het verslag is vertaald naar het Nederlands door journalist en Indonesie kenner Peter Schumacher.
A new satellite-derived dataset for marine aquaculture areas in the China's coastal region
Authors: Fu Yongyong , Deng Jinsong , Wang Hongquan , Comber Alexis , Yang Wu , Wu Wenqiang , You Shixue , Lin Yi , Wang Ke
Published: September 2020

Abstract. China has witnessed extensive development of the marine aquaculture industry over recent years. However, such rapid and disordered expansion posed risks to coastal environment, economic development, and biodiversity protection. This study aimed to produce an accurate national-scale marine aquaculture map at a spatial resolution of 16 m, using a proposed deep convolution neural networks (CNNs) based model and applied it to satellite data from China's GF-1 sensor in an end-to-end way. The analyses used homogeneous CNNs to extract high-dimensional features from the input imagery and preserve information at full resolution. Then, a hierarchical cascade architecture was followed to capture multi-scale features and contextual information. This hierarchical cascade homogeneous neural network (HCHNet) was found to achieve better classification performance than current state-of-the-art models (FCN-32s, Deeplab V2, U-Net, and HCNet). The resulting marine aquaculture area map has an overall classification accuracy > 95 % (95.2 %–96.4, 95 % confidence interval). And marine aquaculture was found to cover a total area of ~1100 km2 (1096.8 km2–1110.6 km2, 95 % confidence interval) in China, of which more than 85 % are marine plant culture areas, with 87 % found in the Fujian, Shandong, Liaoning, and Jiangsu provinces. The results confirm the applicability and effectiveness of HCHNet when applied to GF-1 data, identifying notable spatial distributions of different marine aquaculture areas and supporting the sustainable management and ecological assessments of coastal resources at a national scale. The national-scale marine aquaculture map at 16 m spatial resolution is published in the Google Maps kmz File Format with georeferencing information at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3881612 (Fu et al., 2020).
Hydrology and beyond: the scientific work of August Colding revisited
Authors: Rosbjerg Dan
Published: September 2020

Abstract. August Colding was one of the three pioneers who in the mid-1800s almost simultaneously and independently formulated the first law of
thermodynamics, the two others being Robert Mayer and James Joule. This
first, significant achievement was followed by a sequence of other
ground-breaking discoveries within a broad range of disciplines: magnetism,
steam power, gas production, hydraulics, soil physics, hydrology, heating
and ventilation, meteorology, and oceanography. Moreover, he made a significant contribution to the understanding of the spread of cholera. In
hydrology, he used evaporation experiments to obtain water balances.
Independently, he formulated Darcy's law and was the first to calculate the
water table between drainpipes and the piezometric surface in confined
aquifers. His main occupation, however, was chief engineer in Copenhagen,
where he modernized the city by introducing groundwater-based water supply and building a waterworks delivering pressured, clean water into houses, a gasworks and gas-based street lighting, and a citywide sewage system.
Colding has not been as recognized internationally as he might deserve, probably because most of his publications were written in Danish. Even in
Denmark, he seems today almost forgotten. This paper highlights his most
important scientific contributions, in particular his achievements in
hydrology, hydraulics, meteorology, and oceanography.
Response of near-inertial energy to a supercritical tropical cyclone and jet in the South China Sea: modelling study
Authors: Kung Hiu Suet , Gan Jianping
Published: September 2020

Abstract. We used a well-validated three-dimensional ocean model to investigate the
process of energetic response of near-inertial oscillations (NIOs) to a
tropical cyclone (TC) and strong background jet in the South China Sea
(SCS). We found that the NIO and near-inertial kinetic energy (KEni) varied
distinctly during different stages of the TC forcing, and the horizontal and
vertical transport of KEni was largely modulated by the velocity and
vorticity of the jet. The KEni reached its peak value within ∼1/2 the inertial period after the initial TC forcing stage in the upper
layer, decayed quickly by 1∕2 in the next 2 d, and further
decreased at a slower rate during the relaxation stage of the TC forcing.
Analyses of the KEni balance indicate that the weakened KEni in the upper
layer during the forcing stage was mainly attributed to the downward KEni
transport due to pressure work through the vertical displacement of
isopycnal surfaces, while upward KEni advection from depths also contributed
to the weakening in the TC-induced upwelling region. In contrast, during the
relaxation stage as the TC moved away, the effect of vertical advection on KEni
reduction was negligible and the KEni was chiefly removed by the outward
propagation of inertial-gravity waves, horizontal advection, and viscous
dissipation. Both the outward wave propagation and horizontal advection by
the jet provided the KEni source in the far field. During both stages, the
negative geostrophic vorticity south of the jet facilitated the vertical
propagation of inertial-gravity waves.
Predicting tidal heights for extreme environments: from 25 h observations to accurate predictions at Jang Bogo Antarctic Research Station, Ross Sea, Antarctica
Authors: Byun Do-Seong , Hart Deirdre E.
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Accurate tidal height data for the seas around Antarctica
are much needed, given the crucial role of these tides in the regional and
global ocean, marine cryosphere, and climate processes. However, obtaining
long-term sea level records for traditional tidal predictions is extremely
difficult around ice-affected coasts. This study evaluates the ability of a
relatively new tidal-species-based approach, the complete tidal species
modulation with tidal constant corrections (CTSM + TCC) method, to
accurately predict tides for a temporary observation station in the Ross
Sea, Antarctica, using a record from a neighbouring reference station
characterised by a similar tidal regime. Predictions for the “mixed, mainly
diurnal” regime of Jang Bogo Antarctic Research Station (JBARS) were made
and evaluated based on summertime (2017; and 2018 to 2019) short-term (25 h)
observations at this temporary station, along with tidal prediction data
derived from year-long observations (2013) from the neighbouring “diurnal”
regime of Cape Roberts (ROBT). Results reveal the CTSM + TCC method can
produce accurate (to within ∼5 cm root mean square errors)
tidal predictions for JBARS when using short-term (25 h) tidal data from
periods with higher-than-average tidal ranges (i.e. those at high lunar
declinations). We demonstrate how to determine optimal short-term data
collection periods based on the Moon's declination and/or the modulated
amplitude ratio and phase lag difference between the diurnal and semidiurnal
species predicted from CTSM at ROBT (i.e. the reference tidal station). The
importance of using long-period tides to improve tidal prediction accuracy
is also considered and, finally, the unique tidal regimes of the Ross Sea
examined in this paper are situated within a wider Antarctic tidal context
using Finite Element Solution 2014 (FES2014) model data.
Experimental investigation of wind turbine wake and load dynamics during yaw manoeuvres
Authors: Macrí Stefano , Aubrun Sandrine , Leroy Annie , Girard Nicolas
Published: September 2020

Abstract. This paper investigates the effect of yawing a wind turbine on its wake deviation dynamics and on the global load variation of a downstream wind turbine during a positive and negative yaw manoeuvre, representing a misalignment/realignment scenario. Yaw manoeuvres could be used to voluntarily misalign wind turbines when wake steering control is targeted. The aim of this wind farm control strategy, which is increasingly studied, is to optimize the overall production of the wind farm and possibly its lifetime, by mitigating wake interactions. Whereas wake flow and wind turbine load dynamics during yaw manoeuvres are usually approached by quasi-static models, the present study aims at quantifying dynamical properties of these phenomena. Wind tunnel experiments were conducted in three different configurations, varying both scaling and flow conditions, in which the yaw manoeuvre was reproduced in a homogeneous turbulent flow at two different scales, and in a more realistic flow such as a modelled atmospheric boundary layer. The effects of yaw control on the wake deviation were investigated by the use of stereo Particle Imaging Velocimetry while the load variation on a downstream wind turbine was measured through an unsteady aerodynamic load balance. While overall results show a non dependence of the wake and load dynamics on the flow conditions and Reynolds scales, they highlight an influence of the yaw manoeuvre direction on their temporal dynamics.
Hands Up, Now What?: Black Families’ Reactions to Racial Socialization Interventions
Authors: Anderson Riana Elyse , Metzger Isha , Applewhite Kimberly , Sawyer Broderick , Jackson William , Flores Santos , Majors Amber , McKenny Monique Chanel , Carter Robert
Published: September 2020

Given the heightened national attention to negative race-related issues and the subsequent community solution-oriented outcry (e.g., Black Lives Matter movement), it is crucial to address healing from racial discrimination for Black Americans. Clinical and community psychologists have responded by developing and implementing programs that focus on racial socialization and psychological wellness, particularly given disproportionate issues with utilization, access, and the provision of quality services within urban and predominantly Black communities. The aim of this article is to describe 2 applied programs (Engaging, Managing, and Bonding through Race and Family Learning Villages), which seek to address and heal racial stress through crucial proximal systems—families and schools—and to highlight participant reactions. These programs offer solutions through strengths-based and participatory approaches which draw from Black Americans’ own protective mechanisms related to improved mental health. We conclude with a discussion on practice, assessments, and models specific to racial stress for researchers, practitioners, and consumers of mental health services.
Análisis de necesidades de metodología docente y actitud de aprendizaje del idioma inglés
Authors: Hernández Tamacas Maricela Astrid
Published: September 2020

La finalidad de esta investigación fue determinar las necesidades de metodología docente y la actitud de aprendizaje del idioma inglés en los estudiantes de primer año de la Licenciatura en Ciencias de la Educación con Especialidad en Idioma inglés y la Licenciatura en Inglés. Esto con la finalidad de crear objetivos centrados en las características específicas de los estudiantes, que ayuden a potenciar el aprendizaje. El estudio de tipo exploratorio fue desarrollado con el paradigma cualitativo. Se encuestó a 60 estudiantes de primer año de ambas licenciaturas, utilizando una encuesta con formato de análisis de necesidades. Con esta técnica se encontró que los estudiantes necesitan un mejor tipo de evaluación, especialmente una enfocada en el aprendizaje.
Práctica por computadora y aprendizaje del idioma inglés
Authors: Majano García Vilma Lisseth
Published: September 2020

El objetivo principal del estudio fue desarrollar prácticas de lectura y audio a través de la computadora, para que los estudiantes de Inglés Intermedio I de la Licenciatura en Ciencias de la Educación con especialidad en Idioma Inglés de la Universidad Católica de El Salvador, Facultad Multidisciplinaria de Ilobasco, Cabañas, desarrollaran sus habilidades en comprensión de vocabulario, lectura y audio, en aras de un mejor rendimiento en el examen estandarizado TOEIC (Test of English for International Communication). La población de estudiantes de Inglés Intermedio I fue dividida en dos grupos: un grupo fue de control y el otro de intervención. Para este último grupo, se presentaron semanalmente un texto y un audio. Con base en ellos se desarrollaron exámenes de doce preguntas (de comprensión lectora y auditiva) con diferentes niveles de dificultad. Como resultado, el 60% de los estudiantes expuestos a las prácticas alcanzaron un puntaje de 280 a 500 puntos en el examen estandarizado TOEIC.
Cambios en la formación de Enfermería en El Salvador a partir de la Reforma Educativa de 1994
Authors: Palencia Paula Yanira , Rodríguez Mejía Úrsula Guadalupe , López Juan José , Nieto Menjívar Rosario América
Published: September 2020

Este artículo tiene como objetivo identificar los cambios curriculares, ontológicos, científicos, psicopedagógicos en la formación de Enfermería de El Salvador, a partir de la Reforma Educativa de 1994, y así establecer ventajas del modelo educativo actual. Se aplicó metodología, instrumentos, técnicas cualitativas y métodos como la hermenéutica para la interpretación de datos o textos, junto a la interpretación simbólica; también se utilizó la triangulación de datos y el programa Welf QDA 1.0.1 en su categorización. Los resultados del estudio evidenciaron un programa educativo estandarizado; una imagen profesional que trasciende a un estigma de integralidad, demostrando que las prioridades de la formación en una sociedad globalizadora son: mantener la imagen profesional, los valores y un profesionalismo autocrítico, que permita avanzar de un modelo tradicional- asistencial a otro, y uno de aprendizaje facilitarista que en una generación digital edifique aprendizajes de lo más provechoso posible. En conclusión, se propone una formación por especialidad en el campo científico de la Enfermería y un nuevo modelo educativo conforme a los cambios sociales.
Hypercalcemia with invasive pulmonary papillomatosis and microinvasive squamous carcinoma
Authors: Oertling Estelle , Daroca Philip , Hartz Renee , McLellan Susan , Lane Jason
Published: September 2020

Juvenile respiratory papillomatosis is a rare pediatric disease in which benign papillomata develop in the respiratory tract, most commonly involving the larynx and tracheobronchial tree.  Invasive pulmonary papillomatosis is an aggressive form in which the papillomata extend into the lung parenchyma.  We report a case of a 22-year-old man with a long-standing juvenile respiratory tract papillomatosis, initially diagnosed at age 2, who subsequently developed invasive pulmonary papillomatosis and underwent partial surgical resection for his pulmonary disease.  Hypercalcemia complicated the patient’s final hospitalizations. HPV typing performed on a laryngeal papilloma was positive for HPV 6/11.  The lobectomy specimen revealed malignant transformation of invasive pulmonary papillomatosis characterized by the presence of microinvasive nests of squamous carcinoma. Immunohistochemical stain for parathyroid hormone on the invasive component was negative. Eventually, the patient succumbed to his disease and while the family refused post-mortem examination, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) performed during the patient’s terminal course suggested the possibility of metastasis to liver and periaortic lymph nodes. There was no evidence of bony metastasis.
Risk Management and the Financial Performance of Banks in Nigeria
Authors: Inegbedion Henry , Vincent Bello Deva , Obadiaru Eseosa
Published: September 2020

The study examined “risk management and financial performance of banks in Nigeria” with focus on commercial banks. The broad objective of the study was to ascertain the effect of risk asset management on the optimal financial performance of commercial banks in Nigeria. The study is a longitudinal survey, so the ex-post facto research design was applied. Research data were analysed using generalized method of moments (GMM) and vector Error Correction Model, after testing and adjusting the data for stationarity and Cointegration.The research findings were: Banks’ profitability is significantly influenced in the short run by liquidity risk and in the long-run by credit risk, capital adequacy risk, leverage risk and liquidity risk. Furthermore, profitability measured by ROaA was found to be positively related to liquidity risk but negatively related credit risk. Arising from the findings, there is the need for effective risk management, especially credit, capital adequacy, leverage and liquidity risks, to enhance the profitability of banks. By helping to enhance the going concern of banks, risk management will help to reduce retrenchment and unemployment and hence help to forestall the attendant social vices.
Are Trade Policies Performance Enhancing? The Special Case of the GCC Countries
Authors: Alshammari Turki
Published: September 2020

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which trade policies affect the performance of firms in the six countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC): Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, and Oman. The finance literature, theoretically and empirically, postulates that the efficient management of trade policies (i.e., trade debtors, inventory, and trade credit policies) relates positively to corporate performance. This study, however, conjectures that in a different and distinct business setting, corporate performance might not be related to how a firm manages its trade policies, or at least not significantly.Design/Methodology/approach – The study sample is comprised of all nonfinancial firms in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. The study uses several ratios in the literature to proxy for trade policies and corporate performance. It also employs related and alternative econometric models in order to corroborate the results.Findings – Contrary to a documented worldwide evidence, the results of the study reveal that short-term trade policies – specifically, trade debtors, inventory, and trade credit – have an insignificant or at most a trifling effect on corporate performance, for a set of nonfinancial listed firms in all six GCC countries.The results are robust to the econometric model, the profitability measure, and the country. This is probably because most GCC corporate managers have no concern about being financially constrained, which leads to less attention to aligning the optimal levels of working capital with the daily financing needs. Most firms in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries receive generous subsidies from their governments as part of lavish payments, in order to carry out development projects and other services for governmental agencies. The results of this study should be of great importance to GCC corporate managers and investors.Originality/Value – The study contributes to the literature by demonstrating that different cultural managerial practices might skew the already-established association among the financial variables and, hence, bring up new evidence. Also, the study implicitly suggests that further research in this area could reveal additional anomalous findings.
The Efficiency of Online Learning Environment for Implementing Project-Based Learning: Students' Perceptions
Authors: Abuhmaid Atef Mohammad
Published: September 2020

Project-based learning is gaining increasing popularity supported by research studies regarding its effectiveness for teaching and learning. In addition, the widespread of digital technologies and sudden disruptions to traditional in-person teaching have accelerated the adoption of online learning. The current study examined students' perceptions of the impact of online learning environment on project-based teaching method. Most universities worldwide have considered online learning encouraging their faculty to use online learning tools, and Hashemite University in Jordan is no exeption. 154 students studying Computers in Education course were selected during the first semester of the academic year 2019/2020 and were devided into two groups. The experimental group consisted of 75 students who studied the course online and 79 students in the control group who studied the course in a face-to-face mode. For the purpose of gathering data, a questionnaire was developed which consisted of 17 items and students' answers were on a four-point Likert scale: 4= strongly agree, 3= agree, 2= disagree, and 1= strongly disagree. Means, standard deviations, and One-Way ANOVA were used to analyze the data. The results of the study showed positive attitudes among students (both online and in-class) toward project-based learning. In addition, the results showed that in-class students had a stronger views of project based-learning than online learning students.
Market Power and Renewables: The Effects of Ownership Transfers
Authors: Bahn Olivier , Samano Mario , Sarkis Paul
Published: September 2020

Adding renewable energy sources (RES) to an electricity market has an ambiguous effect on wholesale prices. The merit order effect (MoE) has a downward pressure on prices while, with market power, higher inframarginal rents will tend to increase prices. We quantify the interaction of the two effects in the Ontario electricity market. We identify the market power effect by simulating transfers of RES capacity from the fringe to larger firms: these transfers increase prices by up to 24%. We then add RES capacity and allocate it to players with varying levels of market power. Following a net expansion of RES capacity of 5% relative to total capacity, prices decrease by 30% when new capacity is assigned to the fringe, but only by 7% when assigned to the largest firm. Our findings show that the MoE is largely mitigated by market power, hence the importance of the market structure in the design of uniform incentives for RES adoption.
Gómez-Pellón, Eloy (ed.) (2018). Rural worlds, social sustainability and local landscapes in the globalisation era. Case studies in Southern Europe
Authors: Díaz Soria Inmaculada
Published: September 2020

Gómez-Pellón, Eloy (ed.) (2018)Rural worlds, social sustainability and local landscapes in the globalisation era. Case studies in Southern EuropeCizur Menor: Editorial Aranzadi, 315 p.ISBN 978-84-9177-067-1
Human capital as an area of non-financial reporting on the example of selected companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange
Authors: Czaja-Cieszyńska Hanna
Published: September 2020

The spread of the concept of sustainable development has meant that human capital is an important area of non-financial reporting. However, the complexity and multidimensionality of this category mean that employee reporting and the indicators used for it are very diverse. The purpose of the article is to assess the comparability of non-financial disclosures about human capital in the reports of selected companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. This article supplements the existing scientific achievements related to non-financial reporting, identifying the dysfunctional area of comparability. For the purposes of this study, the following research methods were used: a literature review, analysis of legal regulations, analysis of secondary data in the form of non-financial reports, as well as induction and synthesis meth-
ods used in formulating applications. The ten largest companies listed in the WIG-20 index were selected for the study. The research covered non-financial reports for 2019. The study was divided into five stages,
which reflect five categories of disclosures on employee issues, i.e., the level of employment and salary,
relations with employees and freedom of association, occupational health and safety, development and
education, and diversity and equal opportunities. Within each category, a maximum of three non-financial
measures have been defined. The study confirmed that none of the non-financial reports analyzed in any of
the categories were fully comparable.
The application of the GRI 2016 standards in Polish enterprises
Authors: Karwowski Mariusz , Raulinajtys- Grzybek Monika , Chróstny Tomasz
Published: September 2020

Aspects of sustainable development are increasingly included in the reports of Polish enterprises. The
scope of information presented by organizations results from applicable guidelines, regulations as well as accepted good practices. The most common and comprehensive guidelines in the field of sustainable development reporting are the Global Reporting Initiative standards, which used by numerous organisa-
tions around the world. The aim of the article is to present the GRI standards 2016 and their application in the first Polish enterprises to implement them in their reports. The research method used is the content analysis of reports of selected Polish enterprises. According to the research, detailed information related to sustainable development is not widely disclosed. Approximately 30% of the required information on eco-nomic and social aspects, and only 10% of information on environmental aspects, was included in the reports, which means a moderate level compared to other countries. The study contributes to the under-standing of current sustainable development reporting practices according to the GRI standards 2016 in Poland. It can help other organisations consider implementing GRI in their reporting, and it might be rele-vant for people dealing with this type of reporting.
OPPORTUNITIES AND BARRIERS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN RURAL AREAS
Authors: Kurtyka-Marcak Izabela , Janowska-Biernat Justyna
Published: September 2020

he aim of the study is to present the opportunities and barriers to the development of tourism in the rural areas of Lower Silesia. The basis for developing the empirical part was research conducted in 2018 in 30 rural tourism and agritourism facilities. The facilities were located in Kłodzko Land (Kłodzko Poviat) and the Barycz Valley Landscape Park. A standardized interview was conducted with owners of accommodation facilities with the use of an interview questionnaire. The research results show that the development of entrepreneurship in the provision of tourist services in rural areas is effectively limited by a financial barrier, difficulties in obtaining external capital and a low level of technical and utility infrastructure. According to the respondents, the obstacles to receiving guests primarily include: a lack of a full and interesting offer and its low quality as well as a lack of food provision and, in the case of foreign tourists, insufficient knowledge of foreign languages. The factors favouring the development of tourism in these rural areas are a growing tendency to participate in rural tourism of both compatriots and foreign tourists, the growing interest of tourists in healthy food, availability of European Union funds and tax privileges. Due to the advantages of the Polish countryside, the main goal should be a continuous focus on combining agritourism with an active farm.
EDUCATION AS THE DIFFERENTIATING FACTOR IN APPLYING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PRINCIPLES ON FARMS
Authors: Gołębiewska Barbara , Grontkowska Anna , Gębska Monika
Published: September 2020

The study is dedicated to the issue of implementing rules of sustainable development on farms. Research was conducted on 310 farms. The farm classification criterion was the education of the farm manager. Farms in four provinces were analyzed: Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Mazowieckie, Lubelskie, and Wielkopolskie. The aim was to determine the knowledge and scope of applying sustainable development in farming, depending on the farmer's education level. The research consisted of determining the importance attached by farmers, depending on their declared level of formal education, to features of a sustainable farm and advantages of this mode of management for the environment, the society, and agricultural producers themselves. It was assumed that the higher the farmer's education level, the better the familiarity with sustainable development principles and their practical application. It was found that depending on the agricultural producer's education, the importance attached to individual variables characterizing a sustainable farm varied. In terms of environmental advantages, the most important feature was water protection; among benefits for the society, safe food was considered to be of the highest significance, while for producers, the most important was a higher income. The research results did not make it possible to unambiguously state that university education determines farmers' familiarity and compliance with sustainability principles. In some cases, farmers, who had good knowledge of sustainable agricultural practices, failed to apply them in their operations.
Therapeutic implications of extracorporeal photopheresis for rheumatic diseases
Authors: Morgiel Ewa , Dybko Jarosław , Madej Marta , Mazur Grzegorz
Published: September 2020

Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) procedure is based on mononuclear cells (MNC) apheresis and their extracorporeal UVA exposure. It has been applied mainly in hematology and transplantation. Over thirty years of experience confirmed its effectiveness, outstanding safety profile and good tolerance. These observations encourage the implementation of ECP in the treatment of autoimmune connective tissue diseases. The procedure might be considered in refractory cases, when the first line treatment strategies do not control disease activity or immunosuppressants are contraindicated and in the group of patients with high risk of infections. Current literature about using ECP in rheumatology is scarce and most data come from case reports and small observational studies. Systemic sclerosis is the most studied rheumatic disease in the field of ECP use. The disease appeared on the list of clinical applications of ECP therapy according to American Society for Apheresis. However, no European or American guidelines, or recommendations for the treatment in rheumatology suggest ECP as the treatment option. There are no standards in performing ECP in rheumatic diseases concerning indications, length of therapy, concomitant immunosuppressive treatment, follow up or patients characteristic. In this review, we have searched literature concerning ECP use in rheumatic diseases.
Editorial Vol. 13, Nº 1
Authors: Dos Santos Rodrigo Pereira , Freire André Pimenta
Published: September 2020

A iSys é uma publicação científica da Comissão Especial de Sistemas de Informação (CESI) da Sociedade Brasileira de Computação (SBC), com o apoio do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Informática (PPGI) do Departamento de Informática Aplicada (DIA) da UNIRIO. A revista é distribuída em formato eletrônico através do Sistema Eletrônico de Editoração de Revistas (http://www.seer.unirio.br/index.php/isys/index).
Nesta presente edição – de número 1 do Volume 13 (2020) – apresentamos 6 (seis) artigos, todos tendo sido submetidos espontaneamente para a revista como artigos regulares.
Editorial Vol. 13, Nº 4
Authors: Moura Raimundo Santos , Lopes Giseli Rabello , Dos Santos Rodrigo Pereira , Viana Davi , Freire André Pimenta
Published: September 2020

iSys Edition number 4 from Volume 13 (2020) presents 6 (six) papers, being two papers accepted as extended versions from BraSNAM 2019 and four extended papers from SBSI 2019. 
BraSNAM 2019 Guest Editors: Raimundo Santos Moura e Giseli Rabello LopesSBSI 2019 Guest Editors: Rodrigo Pereira dos Santos e Davi VianaEditors-in-chief: Rodrigo Pereira Santos e André Pimenta Freire
A Graph-Based Method for Predicting the Helpfulness of Product Opinions
Authors: De Sousa Rogério Figueredo , Anchiêta Rafael Tôrres , Nunes Maria das Graças Volpe
Published: September 2020

This paper presents a new approach to predict the helpfulness of opinions. Usually, researchers in this area use tables of attribute-value to aggregate the features that represent the evaluated texts. Although that representation is common, it considers that the objects are independent. We argue that among the discriminant factors of the helpfulness of opinions, there are dependent factors of the relationship among the opinion-forming elements. Thus, we modeled this task as a network, considering the information of relations among objects in the network (comments, stars, and words). A regularization technique of graphs is used to extract the relevant features of graph structure and, after that, the comments are classified as helpful or unhelpful. We compared our network model with two baselines methods, one based on fuzzy logic and another based on Neural Networks. Our model outperformed the fuzzy logic and Neutal Network methods in 0.17 and 0.19 of F-measure, respectively. The main advantages of our approach are that few data are necessary to helpfulness classification and the relationships may help in the understanding the classification, explaining the reasons for a determinate classification.
A Multi-label Classification System to Distinguish among Fake, Satirical, Objective and Legitimate News in Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: De Morais Janaína Ignacio , Abonizio Hugo Queiroz , Tavares Gabriel Marques , Da Fonseca André Azevedo , Barbon Jr Sylvio
Published: September 2020

Currently, there has been a significant increase in the diffusion of fake news worldwide, especially the political class, where the possible misinformation that can be propagated, appearing at the elections debates around the world. However, news with a recreational purpose, such as satirical news, is often confused with objective fake news. In this work, we decided to address the differences between objectivity and legitimacy of news documents, where each article is treated as belonging to two conceptual classes: objective/satirical and legitimate/fake. Therefore, we propose a DSS (Decision Support System) based on a Text Mining (TM) pipeline with a set of novel textual features using multi-label methods for classifying news articles on these two domains. For this, a set of multi-label methods was evaluated with a combination of different base classifiers and then compared with a multi-class approach. Also, a set of real-life news data was collected from several Brazilian news portals for these experiments. Results obtained reported our DSS as adequate (0.80 f1-score) when addressing the scenario of misleading news, challenging the multi-label perspective, where the multi-class methods (0.01 f1-score) overcome by the proposed method. Moreover, it was analyzed how each stylometric features group used in the experiments influences the result aiming to discover if a particular group is more relevant than others. As a result, it was noted that the complexity group of features could be more relevant than others.
Moral Integrity
Authors: Thejls Ziegler Marianne ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2020

This article outlines different attempts to define integrity, and argues, with reference to the theory of moral particularism, that definitions acquire universal applicability at the expense of their informative value. The article then proceeds to more delimitating definitions that emphasise the social aspect, and argues that their ideas of the concept, like courage, require certain situations in order to unfold. Since not every person is challenged to act with integrity, the delimitation requires a distinction between manifest integrity and dormant integrity, or dormant lack of integrity. Persons of influence, like politicians and managers, on the other hand, are challenged on a regular basis because their position requires communication of values in a public space, against which the public can evaluate their actions. A delimitating definition therefore ties the question of integrity to people in leading positions.
Moral Realism and the Problem of Moral Aliens
Authors: Grundmann Thomas ,   Romanian Academy - Iasi Branch
Published: September 2020

In this paper, I discuss a new problem for moral realism, the problem of moral aliens. In the first section, I introduce this problem. Moral aliens are people who radically disagree with us concerning moral matters. Moral aliens are neither obviously incoherent nor do they seem to lack rational support from their own perspective. On the one hand, moral realists claim that we should stick to our guns when we encounter moral aliens. On the other hand, moral realists, in contrast to anti-realists, seem to be committed to an epistemic symmetry between us and our moral aliens that forces us into rational suspension of our moral beliefs. Unless one disputes the very possibility of moral aliens, this poses a severe challenge to the moral realist. In the second section, I will address this problem. It will turn out that, on closer scrutiny, we cannot make any sense of the idea that moral aliens should be taken as our epistemic peers. Consequently, there is no way to argue that encountering moral aliens gives us any reason to revise our moral beliefs. If my argument is correct, the possibility of encountering moral aliens poses no real threat to moral realism.
Husserlian Eidetic Variation and Objectual Understanding as a Basis for an Epistemology of Essence
Authors: Michels Robert ,   Romanian Academy - Iasi Branch
Published: September 2020

Vaidya has recently argued that while Husserl’s method for acquiring knowledge of essence through use of our imagination is subject to a vicious epistemic circle, we can still use the method to successfully attain objectual understanding of essence. In this paper, I argue that the Husserlian objectual understanding-based epistemology envisaged by Vaidya suffers from a similar epistemic circularity as its knowledge-based foil. I argue that there is a straight-forward solution to this problem, but then raise three serious problems for an amended version of Vaidya’s proposal and any similar Husserlian epistemology of essence. The paper closes with some general reflections on applying the Husserlian method to the contemporary notion of essence and on the idea of refocusing the epistemology of essence on understanding instead of knowledge.
Does Metaphilosophically Pragmatist Anti-Skepticism Work?
Authors: Aikin Scott ,   Romanian Academy - Iasi Branch
Published: September 2020

Michael Hannon has recently given “a new apraxia” argument against skepticism. Hannon’s case is that skepticism depends on a theory of knowledge that makes the concept “useless and uninteresting.” Three arguments rebutting Hannon’s metaphilosophical pragmatism are given that show that the concept of knowledge that makes skepticism plausible is both interesting and useful.