bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ARS MÉDICA
Authors: A. Guerrero Antonio , Olvera-Romero Caleb , Pérez Landeros Leonel
Published: March 2021

Espacio dedicado a escritores y artistas, miembros o no, de la comunidad médica, quienes podrán aportar textos y obras artísticas que contribuyan a mejorar la cultura en salud de la comunidad.Publicación financiada con recursos PFCE 2017.
ÍNDICE DE AUTORES 2016
Authors: Terrones-Saldívar Ma del Carmen
Published: March 2021

Reconocimiento a los autores de Lux médica 2015. El objetivo de presentar documentos relevantes y de validez académica, es apoyado por un grupo de especialistas de diferentes áreas de la salud, que amablemente aportan su tiempo y su trabajo en forma desinteresada.
ÍNDICE DE REVISORES 2016
Authors: Terrones-Saldívar Ma del Carmen
Published: March 2021

Reconocimiento a los revisores de Lux Médica 2015. La tarea de la revisión, que el dictaminador realiza sin saber a quién evalúa, se continúa con la buena disposición de los autores para corregir sus trabajos, atendiendo las observaciones, también anónimas, de los dictámenes. Reciban nuestro agradecimiento, revisores y dictaminadores que participaron durante el año 2015.
EDITORIAL
Authors: De la Torre-Alcocer José
Published: March 2021

Mensaje del editor de la revista Lux Médica
Prevalencia y características del síndrome metabólico en personal docente y administrativo de la UAA
Authors: Sandoval-Valdez Darío , Hernández-González Flavio , Terrones-Saldívar Ma del Carmen
Published: March 2021

Introducción. El síndrome metabólico es considerado un problema de salud pública en nuestro país y contiene factores de riesgo cardiovascular bien establecidos que incluyen hipertensión arterial, hiperglicemia, disminución de HDL, hipertrigliceridemia y obesidad central. Objetivos. Describir la prevalencia y características del síndrome metabólico en el personal docente y administrativo de la Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes. Materiales y métodos. Se recolectaron datos de I45 docentes y administrativos de la institución y se evaluaron los componentes del síndrome metabólico según el consenso de ATP III. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva para evaluar las características y frecuencia de estos componentes. Resultados. Encontramos una prevalencia de síndrome metabólico de 32.4I% con diferencias en los componentes del síndrome metabólico entre sexos. La prevalencia fue mayor en las mujeres (36.0I% vs 27.I2%). El componente más frecuente en el sexo femenino fue la disminución de HDL y después la obesidad central. 1n el sexo masculino fueron la hipertrigliceridemia y la disminución de HDL, respectivamente. Es de llamar la atención que sólo el I7.93% de los individuos estudiados no presentó ninguno de los componentes del síndrome. La hipertrigliceridemia fue más prevalente en hombres (p=0.004) y la obesidad central fue más prevalente en mujeres (p=0.023). Conclusiones. El síndrome metabólico es una entidad con una alta prevalencia en la población estudiada y existen diferencias en la prevalencia de sus componentes entre el sexo femenino y el masculino. Es necesario implementar actividades de prevención orientadas por sexo. LUXMÉDICA AÑO 11, NÚMERO 33, MAYO-AGOSTO 2016, PP 47-58.
Prevalencia de violencia de pareja en mujeres estudiantes de una universidad pública
Authors: Pedroza-Roque María Guadalupe , Mora-Santoyo María Isabel , García-Aquino Guadalupe del Carmen , Ruvalcaba-González Alejandra Guadalupe , González-Flores Silvia Patricia , Rodríguez-Medina María de Lourdes
Published: March 2021

Introducción: Violencia de pareja consiste en un patrón repetitivo de maltrato del hombre hacia la mujer, caracterizado por una serie de conductas coercitivas. Es una problemática social y de salud que afecta a mujeres de diferentes edades, clases sociales, culturas y niveles académicos. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de violencia de pareja en las mujeres estudiantes del Centro de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes. Metodología: Estudio transversal, descriptivo, no probabilística por conveniencia. Para la recolección de datos se aplicó el instrumento de Rosario Valdez y col. con un Alpha de Cronbach de 0.99. Resultados: Fue estudiada una muestra de 175 alumnas. Edad promedio de 21 años. La prevalencia que sufre algún tipo de violencia es de 88% con índice de severidad leve; relación positiva entre número de hijos y edad del estudiante con violencia física, sexual y económica. Conclusión: La violencia de género no respeta nivel educativo o profesión. La mayoría de las estudiantes del Centro de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes han experimentado algún tipo de violencia ya sea física, psicológica, económica y/o sexual por parte de su pareja.
Tiroides y corazón
Authors: Prieto-Macías Jorge , Ávila-Díaz de León Javier Alejandro , Montaño-Náser Katia Yislein , Urióstegui-Jacobo Astrid
Published: March 2021

La tiroides y el corazón están íntimamente ligados desde su desarrollo embrionario. Las hormonas tiroideas desempeñan un papel esencial en el mantenimiento de la homeostasis cardiovascular, además están implicadas en la modulación de la contractilidad cardíaca, frecuencia cardiaca, función diastólica, y resistencia vascular sistémica. También afectan el endotelio y la función celular del músculo liso, ejerciendo efectos vasodilatadores sobre la vasculatura. La disfunción tiroidea se relaciona con condiciones cardiacas como: ateroesclerosis, fibrilación auricular, pericarditis, taponamiento cardiaco, bradicardia y taquicardia sinusal, entre otras. El hipotiroidismo se caracteriza por niveles de T4 y T3 disminuidos, esta condición se refleja en el sistema cardiovascular reduciendo el gasto cardiaco por minuto, el volumen de sangre, el inotropismo y cronotropismo, así como aumentando la resistencia vascular periférica, la presión arterial diastólica, el espesor y rigidez de la pared vascular y la poscarga. Por otra parte, el hipertiroidismo se caracteriza por altos niveles de T3 y T4 que se refleja por un estado de alto gasto cardiaco. Esta condición aumenta el inotropismo y cronotropismo, el grosor y rigidez de la pared vasal, el gasto cardiaco por minuto y el volumen total de sangre, reduciendo la presión arterial diastólica y la poscarga. Los trastornos tiroideos son muy comunes en nuestro medio y los síntomas cardiovasculares son algunos de los más importantes que presentan. Por tal motivo, el reconocimiento de los efectos de las enfermedades tiroideas sobre el corazón, permite establecer un apropiado diagnóstico y tratamiento para lograr la restauración de la función tiroidea que a menudo revierte los trastornos hemodinámicos.LUXMÉDICA AÑO11, NÚMERO 34, SEPTIEMBRE-DICIEMBRE 2016, PP 25-34
ARS MÉDICA
Authors: De la Torre-Alcocer José , Olvera-Romero Caleb , Justes José Luis
Published: March 2021

Espacio dedicado a escritores y artistas, miembros o no, de la comunidad médica, quienes podrán aportar textos y obras artísticas que contribuyan a mejorar la cultura en salud de la comunidad.Publicación financiada con recursos PFCE 2017.
Embarazo molar parcial llevado a término: reporte de un caso
Authors: López Navarro Juan Manuel , Rubén Carletti Diego , Martínez Martínez Fátima Crystal , Mendoza Navarro Miguel Angel , González Acevedo Julieta , Martell Palos Marisa , González Gutiérrez José Alberto , Torres Cabral Georgina , Terrones Saldívar Ma del Carmen
Published: March 2021

El embarazo molar constituye el espectro benigno de la enfermedad trofoblástica gestacional (ETG), la cual se manifiesta mediante dos entidades principales: la mola hidatiforme parcial (MHP) y la mola hidatiforme completa. El diagnóstico inicial de ETG se basa en una combinación de historia clínica, títulos de β-hCG y la ecografía pélvica. Los síntomas clínicos más frecuentes son el sangrado vaginal y la hiperemesis gravídica. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 24 años de edad con diagnóstico de embarazo molar en la variedad de mola hidatiforme parcial que fue llevado a término, mediante cesárea se obtuvo producto femenino de 2,875 g y Apgar de 8-9. En la placenta se observaron estructuras vesiculares que fueron compatibles con el diagnóstico histopatológico de mola hidatiforme parcial. La madre y su recién nacida fueron dadas de alta por mejoría. Se revisa en este artículo aspectos acerca de su etiología, su frecuencia, diagnóstico y tratamiento.
Conocimiento de los estudiantes de enfermería sobre las medidas de prevención en infecciones nosocomiales
Authors: García-Becerra Ricardo Alejandro , Castrejón-Reyes Victorina , Hernández-Castañón María Alejandra , Garza-González Beatriz
Published: March 2021

Introducción: Las infecciones nosocomiales (IN) son las prin- cipales y más costosas complicaciones intrahospitalarias; el personal, pacientes, familiares y visitantes que interactúan en el hospital, lo convierten en un sistema ecológico, de riesgo para el desarrollo de microorganismos patógenos. Objetivo: Indagar el conocimiento sobre las medidas de prevención en estudiantes de primer a octavo semestre de la Licenciatura de 1nfermería de la Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro. Material y métodos: Estudio trasversal descriptivo. Participaron 170 estudiantes elegidos por muestreo aleatorio estratiflcado y se eliminaron del estudio 20 cuestionarios incompletos. Para la recolección de datos sociodemográflcos se elaboró una cédula de identiflcación y se aplicó el cuestio- nario Nivel de conocimiento sobre infecciones nosocomiales y su prevención de Anaya-Flores del 2009. Se consideraron aspectos éticos para garantizar la autonomía y conflden- cialidad de los participantes. Resultados: Para veriflcar la flabilidad del instrumento, se aplicó el Alpha de Cronbach, obteniendo un resultado de 0,69. Por otra parte, de los 150 alumnos participantes, el 88.7% son menores de 24 años, 84.7% mujeres y 85.3% solteros. El total de alumnos consi- dera importante el lavado de manos antes de cualquier procedimiento a realizar con el paciente, sin embargo, 82.7% mencionan que al usar guantes no lo realizan. En relación con las precauciones estándar, el total de los participantes manifestaron conocerlas, aun así, el 32% de los entrevista- dos reflrió haber padecido alguna patología intrahospitalaria durante el periodo de prácticas. Conclusión: Para conocer los factores que conducen a los estudiantes al incumplimiento de estas normas, es necesario revisar las condiciones en que se realiza la práctica clínica, para garantizar la calidad en la formación de recursos humanos.
ARS MÉDICA AÑO 12, NÚMERO 36, MAYO-AGOSTO 2017
Authors: De la Torre Alcocer José
Published: March 2021

Espacio dedicado a escritores y artistas, miembros o no, de la comunidad médica, quienes podrán aportar textos y obras artísticas que ocntibuyan a mejorar la cultura en salud de la comunidad.Publicación financiada con recursos PFCE 2017.
Síndrome de salida torácica neurogénico asociado a costilla cervical. Reporte de un caso y revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Delgado Servín de la Mora Itzel , Martín Gutiérrez Patricia , Muñoz Montiel Yuv Gabriela , Reyes Pavón Rodrigo , Torres García Cristal , Esparza Ramos Susana Berenice
Published: March 2021

El síndrome de salida torácica (SST) está determinado por la compresión de alguno de los elementos neurovasculares contenidos en la salida torácica (los vasos subclavios y el plexo braquial). Puede clasificarse como SST neurogénico, arterial, venoso, traumático, y cuestionable. Una de las etiologías más descritas es la presencia de costillas supernumerarias cervicales, encontradas en el 0.2 al 1.0 % de la población general, la mayoría asintomáticas, aunque pueden cursar con cualquiera de los SST antes mencionados. En el caso del SST- neurogénico, las manifestaciones clínicas las representa la Neuralgia Cervicobraquial: consiste en dolor en cuello y hombro, así como dolor, parestesias, disestesias y debilidad en el miembro afectado. El tratamiento conservador, basado en la movilización activa, estiramientos y fortalecimiento de músculos escapulotorácicos,  debe considerarse la primera opción en todos los pacientes. El tratamiento quirúrgico se reserva para las manifestaciones tromboembólicas,  neurológicas refractarias o con deterioro progresivo, así como de insuficiencia arterial; se realiza mediante la resección de la costilla supernumeraria por vía supraclavicular o transaxilar.Se presenta un caso de una paciente de 21 años que acude a la consulta por debilidad en miembro torácico derecho, parestesias en territorio del nervio cubital, sensación de piel fría y dolor en zona del trapecio y del codo derecho, con una evolución de tres meses.  La maniobra de Adson-Wright fue positiva en miembro derecho. Se confirmó el diagnóstico por hallazgo radiológico de costilla cervical bilateral que se origina de C7 y mega-apófisis transversa de C6, por lo que se instaura tratamiento conservador. LUXMÉDICA, AÑO 13, NÚMERO 38, MAYO-AGOSTO 2018, PP 43-48.
Factors Affecting Toddlers'Development In Pamekasan Regency
Authors: Jayanti Nur , Laili Uliyatul , Rohemah Rohemah
Published: March 2021

Toddlers require basic needs – stimulation, love, and care – in the process of growth and development. Parents, especially mothers, are the most important factors in performing these three tasks: honing, loving, and fostering. The mother's physical and psychological conditions, including the mother's age at marriage, education, and stimulation, will impact children's development. This study aims to determine the factors that influence toddlers' development in the Pamekasan Regency. The research method used was descriptive-analytic, with a retrospective design. This study consisted of 110 mothers with toddlers by fixed exposure sampling in Waru, Batu Marmar, and Pasen Public Health Center. The dependent variable was the toddlers' development. The independent variables were the mother's age at marriage, family income, stimulation, mother's LILA during pregnancy, and birth weight. The analysis used the path analysis method. The results showed that the toddlers' development was influenced by the mother's age at marriage (b = 0.07, SE = 0.02, p = 0.001), family stimulation (b = 0.02, SE = 0.01, p = <0.001) and birth weight (b = 0.00, SE = 0.00, p = 0.373). This study concludes that maternal marriage age, family stimulation, and birth weight affect toddlers' development.
Development Of Stunted Toddlers Aged 24-59 Months Using Prescreening Developmental Questionnaire (Pdq) In Air Dingin Public Health Center, Padang 2019: An Overview
Authors: Hasni Dita , Eldrian Febianne , Adisena Anjas
Published: March 2021

Background: Stunting is a chronic malnutrition problem that resulted from an insufficient nutritional intake for a long time. This problem can develop during pregnancy, infancy, childhood, and throughout the life cycle due to feeding that does not accommodate the nutritional needs. Stunting correlates with disorders of fine motor, gross motor, language, and personal social skills. Objective: This study aims to perceive an overview of stunted toddlers aged 24-59 months using the Prescreening Developmental Questionnaire (PDQ). Method: The authors carried out this research in Air Dingin public health center, Padang, from April to September 2019. This research was descriptive that included 40 toddlers aged 24-59 months diagnosed with stunting. The data presentation was a frequency distribution table and percentage. Results: This study obtained that 22 toddlers (55.0%) were girls, seven toddlers (17.5%) experienced a developmental deviation, and 26 toddlers (65%) had suspected developmental deviation. In short, there were several cases of stunted toddlers who underwent a developmental deviation
Combination of Storytelling and Music Therapy to Reduce Stress in Children with HIV/AIDS and Discrimination in Surabaya
Authors: Darmawan Taufan Citra
Published: March 2021

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in Indonesia are deadly infectious diseases. This disease will always be a problem at the national and global levels. The impact that often occurs, especially in children with HIV/AIDS, is psychological changes, namely stress. Efforts to overcome its disturbance are storytelling and music therapy. This research aims to apply storytelling and music therapy to reduce stress in children with HIV/AIDS.
   This research method was a quasi-experiment with a research design involving 1 group (one group pre-post test), containing 30 respondents aged 6-10 years with HIV/AIDS by purposive sampling. The independent variable was storytelling and music therapy, while the dependent variable was stress levels. The instrument used Hamilton Anxiety Questionaire (HAM-A).
The results of the study showed that 26 samples (86.7%) experienced decreased stress levels. Analysis of  Wilcoxon sign rank test obtained α=0.009, which means there was a difference before and after therapy.
   The combination of music therapy and storytelling can be a better alternative in reducing stress in children – by considering age, environment, and children's emotions to have an optimal effect.
Implementation Of Diabetic Foot Spa And Sauna Bathing On Quality Of Sleep And Blood Glucose Levels In Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Ainiyah Nur , Martining Wardani Erika
Published: March 2021

Background: Diabetes is a chronic disease of glucose metabolism, which causes blood circulation obstruction such as tingling and leg pain, and itching. This study aims to determine the effect of diabetic foot spa and sauna bathing on sleep quality and blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Methods: The design used a quasi-experimental. This study's population was all individuals with type 2 diabetes, applied simple random sampling, and a sample size of 60 respondents. The inclusion criteria were individuals with type 2 diabetes who did not have complications. The independent variables were sleep quality and blood glucose levels. The dependent variables were diabetic foot spa and sauna bathing. The instrument used a Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PQSI) and a glucometer. The data analysis test utilized the paired t-test and independent t-test with a p-value of 0.000 (p <0.005). Results: The results of this study showed that 60 respondents, mostly (70%) women, 58.3% were aged 45- 60 years, almost half of the respondents (48.3%) had diabetes for less than one year up to five years and from the results t-test obtained p=0.000 (p <0.05). Conclusion: There was an effect of diabetic foot spa and sauna bathing on sleep quality and blood glucose levels
Josep Maria Pujol, el rei en Jaume i el "Llibre dels fets"
Authors: Renedo Puig Xavier
Published: March 2021

Aquest article és una versió un xic ampliada d’una conferència que vaig llegir el 19-xii-2012 a la Universitat Rovira i Virgili en un acte d’homenatge a Josep Maria Pujol organitzat pels seus companys del Departament de Filologia Catalana.
Методологічні платформи психічного здоровʼя особистості у координатах сучасних парадигм
Authors: Cпицька Ліана
Published: March 2021

У статті проведено аналіз підходів до вивчення проблеми психічного здоровʼя показав, що в основу його аналізу покладено біопсихосоціальний підхід, заснований на гуманістичній парадигмі, який відводить центральне місце особистості, якості її життя у соціумі та є підгрунтям практики сучасної психологічної допомоги та соціальної роботи «людина-в-оточенні». Встановлено, що у науковому просторі найпродуктивнішими розробками в напрямі психічного здоровʼя особистості є такі методологічні підходи: нормоцентричний (здоровʼя вивчається як оптимальний рівень функціонування організму і психіки); феноменологічний (проблеми здоровʼя трактуються як варіації індивідуального способу буття в контексті субʼєктивної картини світу); холістичний (забезпечується цілісне бачення проблеми як синтез фундаментальних суперечностей чи інтрапсихічних полярностей); крос-культурний (здоровʼя представлено як соціокультурна змінна); дискурсивний (уявлення про здоровʼя як продукт певного дискурсу); аксіологічний (здоровʼя як одна з основних ціннісних орієнтацій, універсальна людська цінність); інтегративний (спроба інтегрувати в єдину концептуальну основу вивчення здоровʼя на різних рівнях людського буття). Проведений аналіз досліджень показав доцільність застосування методології системно-синергетичного підходу з урахуванням міждисциплінарних теоретичних та емпіричних моделей психічного здоровʼя особистості та її розладів, зокрема афективного спектру.
Ключові слова: особистість зрілого віку, кризові періоди життя, афективні розлади, соціально-психологічні засоби корекції.
Primary Hyperparathyroidism with Multiple Fractures and Brown Tumors in a 14-year-old Girl: Case Report & Review of Literature
Authors: Khan Nasim , Nahar Nazmun , Ara Rawshan , Dowel Fahima Akter , Rima Shakila Zaman , Chakraborty Ratan Kumar , Nadiruzzaman - , Mahmood Saiyeeda , Hossain Gazi Abul
Published: March 2021

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) presenting as pathological fractures with brown tumors is very rare in children. The rarity and variable presentation of PHPT can make its diagnosis a challenge – especially in the developing countries where malnutrition may mask hypercalcemia. We report a case of a 14–year-old girl who presented with muscle pain, multiple fractures and bone pain. Laboratory tests revealed normocalcemia with vitamin D insufficiency. Subsequent biochemical, radiographic and scintigraphic findings were consistent with primary hyperparathyroidism due to a parathyroid adenoma. Tumor resection was done in a local hospital and histopathology confirmed parathyroid adenoma. Following parathyroidectomy, fractures were treated conservatively with supplementation of calcium and vitamin D. We found her quite capable of self-care and walking in good health at 1 year follow up. Though rare, PHPT-causing brown tumors related skeletal fractures is an important differential diagnosis in the evaluation of patients presenting with multiple foci of radiotracer uptake in bone scintigraphy.

Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 22(2): 130-136, Jul 2019
Passive Smoking and Pediatric Dental Caries
Authors: Munira Sirajam , Islam Md Ziaul , Sekander Md Towfiq , Alam Badrul
Published: March 2021

Background: Dental caries is a chronic dental disorder of children and it can result in substantial morbidity due to pain, dysfunction, poor appearance, and problems of speech development. The study was conducted to assess the association between passive smoking and pediatric dental caries.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted among 92 school children aged 5-10 years. Data on exposure to passive smoking at both indoor and outdoor were obtained through face to face interview of the parents with the help of semi-structured questionnaire and checklist. Dental caries was diagnosed by clinical examination and passive smoking exposure was assessed by estimated urinary cotinine level.

Results: The study revealed that 58.70% children were male and 41% were female respectively. The mean age of the children was 7.20 years. It was found that 59.8% father of the studied children were smoker where 68.5% children reported that some of their family members were indoor smokers. Of all the children, 62% had dental caries and 85.5% of the children had dental caries who were exposed to passive smoking and had significant association between exposure to passive smoking and dental caries (p<0.001). Dental caries was common among children aged 5-6years who were exposed to passive smok ing. The mean urinary cotinine level was 27.81 ng/ml and maximum children (65.2%) had urinary cotinine level more than 10ng/ml who was exposed to passive smoking. The study found significant positive correlation between urinary cotinine concentrations and the duration of exposure to passive smoking (i=0.692, p<0.001).

Conclusion: This study suggests reduction of exposure to passive smoking may be an effective measure for prevention of pediatric dental caries.

JOPSOM 2020; 39(1): 1-13
Caracterização epidemiológica da sífilis congênita em Teresina-Piauí no período de 2013 a 2017
Authors: Araújo Juliana de Morais , Silva Aline Correia Matos e , Santana Rosane da Silva , Silva Francisco Alex do Nascimento da , Santos Eliete Carneiro dos , Pereira Ana Cristina Ferreira , Brandim Adriana de Sousa , Morais Erica Jorgiana dos Santos de , Lima Angélica Linhares Silva , Santos Maria Oneide dos , Carvalho Fabíola Pires Lima de , Sousa Juliene Pereira de , Rodrigues Patrícia Cristiane Feitosa
Published: March 2021

A sífilis congênita é uma infecção de múltiplos sistemas causada pelo Treponema pallidum, transmitida ao feto pela placenta, em qualquer período gestacional ou durante o parto. No Brasil, anualmente, observa-se o aumento do número de notificações associadas aos casos de sífilis durante a gestação, 80% com contaminação fetal. Objetivou-se analisar as características epidemiológicas da Sífilis Congênita em Teresina-PI nos anos de 2013 a 2017. Pesquisa descritiva com dados secundários coletados no DATASUS, por meio do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Foram incluídas no estudo as variáveis dos RNs/Crianças, da mãe e do parceiro e excluídas somente as variáveis maternas que estavam em análise e não disponibilizadas pelo Sistema. Para a organização dos dados, foi utilizado Tabwin32, tabulador de dados desenvolvido pelo DATASUS/MS. Utilizou-se a estatística descritiva com frequências absolutas, relativas para apresentação dos resultados.  Foram encontrados 1.180 casos de SC, sendo que no ano de 2013 apresentou 110 (9,32%) casos e 2015, 336 (25,82%). Quanto às características do RNs/crianças, 591 (50,08%) eram do sexo masculino, 1.133 (96,01%) tinham faixa etária de 0 a seis dias, 755 (63,98%) raça parda, 1.003 (85%) residentes na zona urbana, e 1.052 (89,15%) com diagnóstico de SC recente. Verificou-se que 435 (36,86%) mães tinham baixa escolaridade, 986 (83,55%) realizaram o pré-natal e 800 (67,79%) parceiros não realizaram o tratamento. Os números de casos elevados demonstram fragilidade na assistência durante o pré-natal com baixa efetividade das ações de promoção e prevenção, bem como tratamento e fatores determinantes no controle da sífilis congênita.
Climate Variability Rather Than Livestock Grazing Dominates Changes in Alpine Grassland Productivity Across Tibet
Authors: Li Meng , Wu Jianshuang , Feng Yunfei , Niu Ben , He Yongtao , Zhang Xianzhou
Published: March 2021

Alpine grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau, being vulnerable to environmental and anthropogenic changes, have experienced dramatic climate change and intensive livestock grazing during the last half-century. Climate change, coupled with grazing activities, has profoundly altered alpine grassland function and structure and resulted in vast grassland degradation. To restore degraded grasslands, the Central Government of China has implemented the Ecological Security Barrier Protection and Construction Project since 2008 across the Tibetan Autonomous Region. However, the relative effect of climate change and grazing activities on the variation in alpine grassland productivity is still under debate. In this study, we quantified how aboveground net primary production (ANPP) varied before (2000–2008) and after (2009–2017) starting the project across different alpine grasslands and how much variance in ANPP could be attributed to climate change and grazing disturbance, in terms of temperature, precipitation, solar radiation, and grazing intensity. Our results revealed that Tibet’s climate got warmer and wetter, and grazing intensity decreased after starting the project. Mean ANPP increased at approximately 81% of the sites, on average from 27.0 g C m–2 during 2000–2008 to 28.4 g C m–2 during 2009–2017. The ANPP positively correlated with annual temperature and precipitation, but negatively with grazing intensity for both periods. Random forest modeling indicated that grazing intensity (14.5%) had a much lower influence in controlling the dynamics of grassland ANPP than precipitation (29.0%), suggesting that precipitation variability was the key factor for alpine grassland ANPP increase across Tibet.
Invasive Species in Puerto Rico: The View From El Yunque
Authors: Zimmerman Jess K. , Rojas-Sandoval Julissa , Shiels Aaron B.
Published: March 2021

Native flora and fauna of Puerto Rico have a long biogeographic connection to South America. Theory and empirical evidence suggest that islands, particularly those distantly isolated from the mainland, should be more susceptible to naturalizations and invasions of non-native species than continental areas. Anthropogenic disturbances can facilitate accidental and deliberate introductions of non-native species. In this study, we asked: What is the current status of introduced species within El Yunque National Forest (EYNF), the largest and most well-conserved forest area of Puerto Rico? To address this question, we reviewed the literature and surveyed local experts to identify introduced plant and animal taxa that are behaving as invaders within EYNF. We hypothesized that well-conserved forest areas within EYNF would be more resistant to invasions than disturbed areas along roads and ruderal areas with a long history of human activity. We found that there is only partial evidence that supports our hypothesis and this evidence is strongest in vascular plants, but not for the other taxonomic groups analyzed. Our combined results showed that currently the more ubiquitous invasive species in EYNF include some mammals (feral cat, rat, and mongoose) and some invertebrates (earthworms, mosquito, and Africanized honeybee). For many taxa, there is little information to thoroughly test our hypothesis, and thus more detailed surveys of the status of non-native and invasive species in EYNF are needed.
Ocean Currents Drove Genetic Structure of Seven Dominant Mangrove Species Along the Coastlines of Southern China
Authors: Geng Qifang , Wang Zhongsheng , Tao Jianmin , Kimura Megumi K. , Liu Hong , Hogetsu Taizo , Lian Chunlan
Published: March 2021

Mangrove forest ecosystems, which provide important ecological services for marine environments and human activities, are being destroyed worldwide at an alarming rate. The objective of our study was to use molecular data and analytical techniques to separate the effects of historical and contemporary processes on the distribution of mangroves and patterns of population genetic differentiation. Seven mangrove species (Acanthus ilicifolius,Aegiceras corniculatum,Avicennia marina,Bruguiera gymnorrhiza,Kandelia obovata,Lumnitzera racemosa, andRhizophora stylosa), which are predominant along the coastlines of South China, were genotyped at nuclear (nSSR) and chloroplast (cpSSR) microsatellite markers. We estimated historical and contemporary gene flow, the genetic diversity and population structure of seven mangrove species in China. All of these seven species exhibited few haplotypes, low levels of genetic diversity (HE= 0.160–0.361, with the exception ofK. obovata) and high levels of inbreeding (FIS= 0.104–0.637), which may be due to their marginal geographical distribution, human-driven and natural stressors on habitat loss and fragmentation. The distribution patterns of haplotypes and population genetic structures of seven mangrove species in China suggest historical connectivity between populations over a large geographic area. In contrast, significant genetic differentiation [FST= 0.165–0.629 (nSSR);GST= 0.173–0.923 (cpSSR)] indicates that populations of mangroves are isolated from one another with low levels of contemporary gene flow among populations. Our results suggest that populations of mangroves were historically more widely inter-connected and have recently been isolated, likely through a combination of ocean currents and human activities. In addition, genetic admixture in Beibu Gulf populations and populations surrounding Hainan Island and southern mainland China were attributed to asymmetric gene flow along prevailing oceanic currents in China in historical times. Even ocean currents promote genetic exchanges among mangrove populations, which are still unable to offset the effects of natural and anthropogenic fragmentation. The recent isolation and lack of gene flow among populations of mangroves may affect their long-term survival along the coastlines of South China. Our study enhances the understanding of oceanic currents contributing to population connectivity, and the effects of anthropogenic and natural habitat fragmentation on mangroves, thereby informing future conservation efforts and seascape genetics toward mangroves.
Proteinase-Mediated Macrophage Signaling in Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Abji Fatima , Rasti Mozhgan , Gómez-Aristizábal Alejandro , Muytjens Carla , Saifeddine Mahmoud , Mihara Koichiro , Motahhari Majid , Gandhi Rajiv , Viswanathan Sowmya , Hollenberg Morley D. , Oikonomopoulou Katerina , Chandran Vinod
Published: March 2021

Objective

Multiple proteinases are present in the synovial fluid (SF) of an arthritic joint. We aimed to identify inflammatory cell populations present in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) SF compared to osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), identify their proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) signaling function and characterize potentially active SF serine proteinases that may be PAR2 activators.

Methods

Flow cytometry was used to characterize SF cells from PsA, RA, OA patients; PsA SF cells were further characterized by single cell 3’-RNA-sequencing. Active serine proteinases were identified through cleavage of fluorogenic trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like substrates, activity-based probe analysis and proteomics. Fluo-4 AM was used to monitor intracellular calcium cell signaling. Cytokine expression was evaluated using a multiplex Luminex panel.

Results

PsA SF cells were dominated by monocytes/macrophages, which consisted of three populations representing classical, non-classical and intermediate cells. The classical monocytes/macrophages were reduced in PsA compared to OA/RA, whilst the intermediate population was increased. PAR2 was elevated in OA vs. PsA/RA SF monocytes/macrophages, particularly in the intermediate population. PAR2 expression and signaling in primary PsA monocytes/macrophages significantly impacted the production of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Trypsin-like serine proteinase activity was elevated in PsA and RA SF compared to OA, while chymotrypsin-like activity was elevated in RA compared to PsA. Tryptase-6 was identified as an active serine proteinase in SF that could trigger calcium signaling partially via PAR2.

Conclusion

PAR2 and its activating proteinases, including tryptase-6, can be important mediators of inflammation in PsA. Components within this proteinase-receptor axis may represent novel therapeutic targets.
Assessing Microglial Dynamics by Live Imaging
Authors: Andoh Megumi , Koyama Ryuta
Published: March 2021

Microglia are highly dynamic in the brain in terms of their ability to migrate, proliferate, and phagocytose over the course of an individual's life. Real-time imaging is a useful tool to examine how microglial behavior is regulated and how it affects the surrounding environment. However, microglia are sensitive to environmental stimuli, so they possibly change their state during live imaging in vivo, mainly due to surgical damage, and in vitro due to various effects associated with culture conditions. Therefore, it is difficult to perform live imaging without compromising the properties of the microglia under physiological conditions. To overcome this barrier, various experimental conditions have been developed; recently, it has become possible to perform live imaging of so-called surveillant microglia in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro, although there are various limitations. Now, we can choose in vivo, ex vivo, or in vitro live imaging systems according to the research objective. In this review, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each experimental system and outline the physiological significance and molecular mechanisms of microglial behavior that have been elucidated by live imaging.
Stroke Preventability in Large Vessel Occlusion Treated With Mechanical Thrombectomy
Authors: Suzuki Shuichi , Wadi Lara , Moores Lisa , Yuki Ichiro , Kim Jeein , Xu Jordan , Paganini-Hill Annlia , Fisher Mark
Published: March 2021

Objective: The preventability of strokes treated by mechanical thrombectomy is unknown. The purpose of this study was to analyze stroke preventability for patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy for large vessel occlusion.

Methods: We conducted retrospective analyses of 300 patients (mean ± SE age 69 ± 0.9 years, range 18–97 years; 53% male) treated with mechanical thrombectomy for large vessel occlusion from January 2008 to March 2019. We collected data including demographics, NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at onset, and (beginning in 2015) classified 90-day outcome by modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Patients were evaluated using a Stroke Preventability Score (SPS, 0 to 10 points) based on how well patients had been treated given their hypertension, hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation, and prior stroke history. We examined the relationship of SPS with NIHSS at stroke onset and with mRS outcome at 90 days.

Results: SPS was calculated for 272 of the 300 patients, with mean ± SE of 2.1 ± 0.1 (range 0–8); 89 (33%) had no preventability (score 0), 120 (44%) had low preventability (score 1–3), and 63 (23%) had high preventability (score 4 or higher). SPS was significantly correlated with age (r = 0.32, p < 0.0001), while NIHSS (n = 267) was significantly higher (p = 0.03) for patients with high stroke preventability vs. low/no preventability [18.8 ± 0.92 (n = 62) vs. 16.5 ± 0.51 (n = 205)]. Among 118 patients with mRS, outcome was significantly worse (p = 0.04) in patients with high stroke preventability vs. low/no preventability [4.7 ± 0.29 (n = 28) vs. 3.8 ± 0.21 (n = 90)]. The vast majority of patients with high stroke preventability had inadequately treated atrial fibrillation (85%, 53/62).

Conclusions: Nearly one quarter of stroke patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy had highly preventable strokes. While stroke preventability showed some relationship to stroke severity at onset and outcome after treatment, preventability had the strongest association with age. These findings emphasize the need for improved stroke prevention in the elderly.
Establishment and Clinical Application of an Artificial Intelligence Diagnostic Platform for Identifying Rectal Cancer Tumor Budding
Authors: Liu Shanglong , Zhang Yuejuan , Ju Yiheng , Li Ying , Kang Xiaoning , Yang Xiaojuan , Niu Tianye , Xing Xiaoming , Lu Yun
Published: March 2021

Tumor budding is considered a sign of cancer cell activity and the first step of tumor metastasis. This study aimed to establish an automatic diagnostic platform for rectal cancer budding pathology by training a Faster region-based convolutional neural network (F-R-CNN) on the pathological images of rectal cancer budding. Postoperative pathological section images of 236 patients with rectal cancer from the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China, taken from January 2015 to January 2017 were used in the analysis. The tumor site was labeled in Label image software. The images of the learning set were trained using Faster R-CNN to establish an automatic diagnostic platform for tumor budding pathology analysis. The images of the test set were used to verify the learning outcome. The diagnostic platform was evaluated through the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Through training on pathological images of tumor budding, an automatic diagnostic platform for rectal cancer budding pathology was preliminarily established. The precision–recall curves were generated for the precision and recall of the nodule category in the training set. The area under the curve = 0.7414, which indicated that the training of Faster R-CNN was effective. The validation in the validation set yielded an area under the ROC curve of 0.88, indicating that the established artificial intelligence platform performed well at the pathological diagnosis of tumor budding. The established Faster R-CNN deep neural network platform for the pathological diagnosis of rectal cancer tumor budding can help pathologists make more efficient and accurate pathological diagnoses.
MiR-21-3p Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression via SMAD7/YAP1 Regulation
Authors: Hong Yinghui , Ye Mingliang , Wang Fan , Fang Jun , Wang Chun , Luo Jie , Liu Jialiang , Liu Jing , Liu Lan , Zhao Qiu , Chang Ying
Published: March 2021

Background

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a major global health burden due to its high prevalence and mortality. Emerging evidence reveals that microRNA (miRNA) plays a vital role in cancer pathogenesis and is widely involved in the regulation of signaling pathways via their targeting of downstream genes. MiR-21-3p, a liver-enriched miRNA, and SMAD7, the negative regulator of the TGF-β signaling pathway, likely exert a vital influence on HCC progression.

Aims

Here, we explore the role of the miR-21-3p-SMAD7/YAP1 axis on HCC pathogenesis.

Methods

MiRNA microarray analysis was performed for miRNA screening. The dual-luciferase assay was adopted for target verification. Expression of miRNA and related genes were quantified via qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining. Flow cytometry and the transwell migration assay were used to detail cell apoptosis, invasion and metastases. Rat models were established to explore the role of the miR-21-3p-SMAD7/YAP1 axis in hepatocarcinogenesis. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted for exploring genes of clinical significance.

Results

MiR-21-3p levels were found to be significantly elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma and indicate poor overall survival. High miR-21-3p levels were associated with advanced tumor stages (P = 0.029), in particular T staging (P = 0.026). Low SMAD7/high YAP1 levels were confirmed in both HCC and rat models with advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Besides, SMAD7 was demonstrated to be the direct target of miR-21-3p. The effect of MiR-21-3p on tumor phenotypes and YAP1 upregulation could be partly reversed via the restoration of SMAD7 expression in HCC cell lines. Overexpression of YAP1 after miR-21-3p upregulation promoted expression of nuclear transcription effector connective tissue growth factor. Co-survival analysis indicated that lower miR-21-3p/higher SMAD7 (P = 0.0494) and lower miR-21-3p/lower YAP1 (P = 0.0379) group patients had better overall survival rates. Gene Set Variation Analysis revealed that gene sets related to miR-21-3p and SMAD7 were significantly associated with the TGF-β signaling pathway in HCC.

Conclusion

MiR-21-3p promotes migration and invasion of HCC cells and upregulation of YAP1 expression via direct inhibition of SMAD7, underscoring a major epigenetic mechanism in the pathogenesis of HCC.
Effect of Micelle-Incorporated Cisplatin With Sizes Ranging From 8 to 40 nm for the Therapy of Lewis Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Zhicheng , Li Yumin , Zhang Tong , Li Hongxia , Yang Zhao , Wang Cheng
Published: March 2021

Insufficient transport of therapeutic cargo into tumor bed is a bottleneck in cancer nanomedicine. Block copolymers are promising carriers with smaller particle size by ratio modification. Here, we constructed cisplatin nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 8 to 40 nm to study the permeability and therapy of Lewis lung carcinoma. We synthesized methoxypoly(ethylene glycol)2000-block poly(L-glutamic acid sodium salt)1979loading cisplatin through complexation reaction. The cisplatin nanomedicine has high drug loading and encapsulation efficiency.In vitrodata demonstrated that cisplatin nanoparticles had equivalent growth-inhibiting effects on Lewis lung carcinoma cells compared to free cisplatin.In vivoevidences showed cisplatin nanoparticles had superior antitumor effects on the Lewis lung carcinoma mouse model with no obvious side effects. All results indicated that optimizing the ratio of block copolymers to obtain smaller sized nanomedicine could act as a promising strategy for overcoming the inadequate accumulation in poorly vascularized tumors.
Ancient Origin of Two 5S rDNA Families Dominating in the Genus Rosa and Their Behavior in the Canina-Type Meiosis
Authors: Vozárová Radka , Herklotz Veit , Kovařík Aleš , Tynkevich Yuri O. , Volkov Roman A. , Ritz Christiane M. , Lunerová Jana
Published: March 2021

The genus Rosa comprises more than 100 woody species characterized by intensive hybridization, introgression, and an overall complex evolutionary history. Besides many diploid species (2n = 2x = 14) polyploids ranging from 3x to 10x are frequently found. Here we analyzed 5S ribosomal DNA in 19 species covering two subgenera and the major sections within subg. Rosa. In addition to diploids and polyploids with regular meiosis, we focused on 5x dogroses (Rosa sect. Caninae), which exhibit an asymmetric meiosis differentiating between bivalent- and univalent-forming chromosomes. Using genomic resources, we reconstructed 5S rDNA units to reveal their phylogenetic relationships. Additionally, we designed locus-specific probes derived from intergenic spacers (IGSs) and determined the position and number of 5S rDNA families on chromosomes. Two major 5S rDNA families (termed 5S_A and 5S_B, respectively) were found at variable ratios in both diploid and polyploid species including members of the early diverging subgenera, Rosa persica and Rosa minutifolia. Within subg. Rosa species of sect. Rosa amplified the 5S_A variant only, while taxa of other sections contained both variants at variable ratios. The 5S_B family was often co-localized with 35S rDNA at the nucleolar organizer regions (NOR) chromosomes, whereas the co-localization of the 5S_A family with NOR was only exceptionally observed. The allo-pentaploid dogroses showed a distinct distribution of 5S rDNA families between bivalent- and univalent-forming chromosomes. In conclusion, two divergent 5S rDNA families dominate rose genomes. Both gene families apparently arose in the early history of the genus, already 30 myrs ago, and apparently survived numerous speciation events thereafter. These observations are consistent with a relatively slow genome turnover in the Rosa genus.
A Machine Learning Approach to Monitor the Emergence of Late Intrauterine Growth Restriction
Authors: Pini Nicolò , Lucchini Maristella , Esposito Giuseppina , Tagliaferri Salvatore , Campanile Marta , Magenes Giovanni , Signorini Maria G.
Published: March 2021

Late intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a fetal pathological condition characterized by chronic hypoxia secondary to placental insufficiency, resulting in an abnormal rate of fetal growth. This pathology has been associated with increased fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. In standard clinical practice, late IUGR diagnosis can only be suspected in the third trimester and ultimately confirmed at birth. This study presents a radial basis function support vector machine (RBF-SVM) classification based on quantitative features extracted from fetal heart rate (FHR) signals acquired using routine cardiotocography (CTG) in a population of 160 healthy and 102 late IUGR fetuses. First, the individual performance of each time, frequency, and nonlinear feature was tested. To improve the unsatisfactory results of univariate analysis we firstly adopted a Recursive Feature Elimination approach to select the best subset of FHR-based parameters contributing to the discrimination of healthy vs. late IUGR fetuses. A fine tuning of the RBF-SVM model parameters resulted in a satisfactory classification performance in the training set (accuracy 0.93, sensitivity 0.93, specificity 0.84). Comparable results were obtained when applying the model on a totally independent testing set. This investigation supports the use of a multivariate approach for the in utero identification of late IUGR condition based on quantitative FHR features encompassing different domains. The proposed model allows describing the relationships among features beyond the traditional linear approaches, thus improving the classification performance. This framework has the potential to be proposed as a screening tool for the identification of late IUGR fetuses.