bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Waking Up to Antibiotic Resistance
Authors: Kamate Wasim , Vibhute Nupura , Belgaumi Uzma Iqbal , Kadashetti Vidya
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a global concern, particularly in developing countries where its causes seem to entrench the knowledge, attitude, and practice of healthcare professionals and patients toward the use of antimicrobials.

Methods:

This review aims to provide a compendious yet thorough overview of our understanding of antibiotic resistance pertaining to dentistry. Literature provides evidence of inadequate antibiotic prescribing practices by dental professionals. Considering the growing concern about antibiotic prescribing habits and patient’s tendencies of improper use, we attempt to address the interventional efforts of dentists and patients in the context to focus on the root causes specifically to prevention of the antimicrobial resistance.

Results:

Following the guidelines and flowchart depicted in this article, the members of dental professions will get clear views on the use of antibiotics. This will cause a definite decrease in the growing concern about antibiotic resistance.
Molecular Docking Study of New Sorafenib Analogues as Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors for the Treatment of Cancer
Authors: Jihad Marwan I. , Mahdi Monther F.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Cancer is a disease triggered by an uncontrolled growth of a group of cells usually from a single cell. Chemotherapy is a common and systematic therapy that involves the use of anticancer drugs also known as chemotherapeutical agents to treat cancer. Tyrosine kinases are a subset of protein kinases that are a family of over 90 enzymes that selectively phosphorylate tyrosine residues in various substrates. Receptors with internal tyrosine kinase activity mediate the actions of several growth factors, differentiation factors, and hormones, resulting in the reproduction and differentiation of the affected cells. In the fight against cancer, the platelet-derived growth factor receptor has emerged as a novel target via inhibition of this receptor resulting in the inhibition of tyrosine kinase cascade. Docking investigations were conducted using the Genetic Optimization for Ligand Docking (GOLD) Suite (v. 5.7.1) from the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Center. A high-definition X-ray crystallography of the platelet-derived growth factor protein [Protein Data Bank (PDB) ID 6JOL] was downloaded from the website PDB with a resolution of 2 A. Compounds II, III, VII, and VIII have greater binding energies than the GOLD standard medication sorafenib, which gives Piecewise Linear Potential (PLP) fitness value (85.3). Other ligands exhibit good inhibitory action and docking scores comparable to that of the reference ligand sorafenib.
Gender Determination from Maxillary Sinus using Computed Tomography Scans – A Radiographic Study
Authors: Jaideepa  , Jha Ashutosh , Mehta Dhaval N. , Singh Vasundhara , Malawat Kanchan , Sinha Shalini
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aims and Objective:

Purpose of this research was to check the precision of gender identification using computed tomography (CT) head and neck scans and volumetric analysis of the maxillary sinus.

Materials and Methods:

For 50 patients (25 females and 25 males), left and right maxillary sinus scans were acquired, and linear measurements (width, length, height, and volume) were assessed. Both maxillary sinus measurements’ means and standard deviations were computed and contrasted.

Results:

Males have been found to have considerably larger maxillary sinuses than females.

Conclusion:

Accurate gender determination is possible with the use of maxillary sinus.
Bacterial Species Causing Secondary Pneumonia Infection in Pregnant Women with COVID-19
Authors: Hussein Ibrahim Mohammed Saeed , Mahmoud Jalank Hameed , Hassan Iman Salman
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Sputum samples were taken from pregnant women infected with the COVID-19, where the study was conducted on 112 cases, and the results showed that 87 cases developed secondary bacterial infections at a rate of 78% and 25 cases were negative by 22%. The samples were cultured on solid media and incubated at 37°C. Then the samples were diagnosed by biochemical tests and using the API system. Six species of bcteria have been isolated (S. aureus, K.pneumonia P. auroginosa, H. influenza, S. pneumonia S. pyogens) by 31, 29, 12, 10, 7, and 5 isolates, respectively, where the result showed that the most common types of pneumonia were S. aureus with a percentage of 34%, followed by K. pneumonia with a percentage of 29%. The sensitivity of the isolates to eight types of common antibiotics was tested (Erythromycin, Trimethoprim, Ampicillin, Tetracycline, Augmentin, Nitrofurantoin, Meropenem, and Amikacin), where the isolates showed a high resistance to antibiotics (Erythromycin, Trimethoprim, Ampicillin), a high sensitivity of 100% to the Nitrofurantoin, and an average sensitivity to other antibiotics
A Study to Assess Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception of Dental Practitioners on Minimally Invasive Dentistry Concepts
Authors: Dixit Arti , Sindi Abdulelah Sameer , Paul Sunanda , Badiyani Bhumika K. , Kumar Amit , Arya Rangoli , Arora Nirav N. , Obulareddy Vishnu Teja
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Minimally invasive dentistry (MID) includes caries detection using caries risk assessment (CRA), early localization of nascent carious sores including necessary and voluntary avoidance, and remineralization of demineralized veneer and dentin when diagnosed early for these reasons. Although the dentistry curriculum prioritizes the benefits of MID in tooth protection, this research is seldom included in classroom instruction.

Aim:

The purpose of this research was to gauge the level of understanding that dental professionals have about MID ideas.

Methods:

An online questionnaire measuring MID knowledge and application was used to compile the data. The Chi-square tests were run for statistical analysis in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).

Results:

Just 42.2% of the dentists who replied had MID training during their undergraduate or internship years, and the majority of that training came via lectures (45.2%). The majority (almost 81%) of respondents believed that CRA should be performed on all patients. Differences in knowledge and experience with atraumatic restorative therapy and the sandwich approach for treating caries in permanent teeth and high caries risk children were shown to be statistically significant (P 0.05).

Conclusion:

Dentists know about the benefits of MID, but their patients are not reaping those benefits since so many dentists still use the old methods of treating complete caries.
A Study to Assess and Evaluate the Gingival Response During and after the Fixed Orthodontics Treatment Experienced by Adult Patients
Authors: Dixit Arti , Paul Sunanda , Lakhani Sonali , Badiyani Bhumika Kamal , Arora Nirav Navinchandra , Arya Rangoli , Kumar Amit
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:

The purpose of this research was to examine patients’ periodontal health before, during, and after treatment using a fixed orthodontic device.

Methods:

Forty normal teenagers with full sets of permanent teeth and a clinical need for fixed orthodontics participated. Individuals were chosen from the Class I population who would benefit from utilizing traditional orthodontic braces and techniques that did not need extractions. Respondents were sent to the periodontist for required checkups after the placement of a fixed orthodontic device at 3-, 6-, 12-, and 24-month intervals, respectively, till the conclusion of orthodontic treatment.

Results:

After having a fixed orthodontic device put in place, patients had a rise in the average values of the Plaque Index and Sulcus Bleeding Index at each checkup. Keeping an eye on the progression three months, six months, a year, and two years after the initiation of orthodontic treatment reveals a statistically significant difference in the presence of gingival hyperplasia.

Conclusion:

Patients’ periodontal health before, during, and after fixed orthodontic treatment shows the need for close collaboration between the orthodontist and the periodontist
A Comparative Study to Assess Accuracy of Casts Prepared using Direct Impression Technique with and without Splinting of Multiple Dental Implants Utilising Two Different Splinting and Impression Materials
Authors: Karia Milap , Vaghela Ishita , Ajmera Hardik , Detroja Kishan , Vasant Jill D , Sharma Devanshi , Kumar Amit , Badiyani Bhumika Kamal
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

The current study examined the accuracy of casts generated using direct impression processes with and without splints for multiple dental implants utilizing two different splinting materials and impression materials.

Materials and Methods:

Dental replacement base intensity alleviating acrylic tar was used to create a reference model of a mandible with four inserts (Uniti, Equinox, D-3.7 mm, and L-13 mm) in the front. Polyether and polyvinyle siloxane impression materials were used to make impressions of the reference model utilizing direct non-splinted and splinted techniques.

Results:

Polyether impression material was found to produce more accurate impressions than polyvinyl siloxane, and impressions made using transfer copings splinted with pattern resins were found to be more accurate than those made using either unsplinted copings or copings splinted with light-cured wax resin.

Conclusions:

All six impression techniques resulted in casts that were different from the reference model. Next, the polyether-splinted (SPR) technique is the nonsplinted technique employing polyether and polyvinyle siloxane imprint materials, and then, the splinted techniques using polyether and polyvinyle siloxane and produced the most accurate casts in comparison with the reference model.
Role of Physiotherapy in HPV Proven Cases of Oral Submucous Fibrosis
Authors: Syed Farkhanda , Wani Hafiz Ul Islam , Jha Satyendra K. , Banerjee Kalyan , Singh Sudhanshu , Kumar Anjali P.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

To assess the role of physiotherapy in human papillomavirus (HPV) proven cases of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF).

Materials and Methods:

Overall, 100 patients got recruited. Only histopathologic confirmed cases of OSMF were enrolled. Purified DNA of tissue blocks was quantified by spectrophotometry. Prevalence of HPV was evaluated. The participants got randomized into 2 cohorts: HPV positive cases and HPV negative cases. Physiotherapy was done and outcome was done and outcome was assessed and compared. Assessment of results was done by SPSS software followed by statistical evaluation.

Results:

HPV was seen in 80% of the patients. Mean mouth opening pretreatment and postphysiotherapy among patients with HPV positive status was 26.31 mm and 30.12 mm, respectively. Mean mouth opening pretreatment and postphysiotherapy among patients with HPV negative status was 25.11 mm and 29.74 mm, respectively. Nonsignificant results were obtained while comparing the outcome of physiotherapy among HPV positive and negative groups.

Conclusion:

Outcome of physiotherapy among OSMF patients is independent of HPV status.
Patient’s Knowledge and Perception of Endodontics Treatment: An Observational Study
Authors: Manasa Nalla , Naik K. B. , Singh Monika , Moiz Ahmed Abdul , Kudala Venkata R. , John Nishin K.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To assess public awareness regarding endodontic treatment and assess patients’ knowledge regarding endodontic treatment.

Materials and Methods:

A questionnaire was prepared and given to 300 patients who had visited the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics between November 2021 and October 2022, after obtaining ethical clearance and consent from all the participants. The questionnaire included sociodemographic details and about their knowledge about endodontic treatment. The collected data were tabulated and analyzed.

Statistical Analysis:

Data analysis was performed using methods of descriptive statistics like frequency and percentages.

Results:

We found that most of the respondents had an average level of knowledge regarding endodontic treatment.

Conclusion:

We observed an improvement in knowledge and perception regarding endodontic treatment.
Multiple Methods of Dentin Translucency for Age Estimation
Authors: Soorneedi Neeharika , Venkatachalaiah Ashok , Manikya Sangameshwar , Dasari Ankineedu Babu , Gaddam Bhavyasri , Latha Aparna
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Age estimation is an essential part of forensic odontology and many methods are available with variable accuracy. However, the research is going on to find the simple and most reliable method.

Objectives:

By measuring the length and area of root dentin translucency in extracted tooth specimens manually and digitally, and comparing them, this study aims to find the most reliable technique of age assessment.

Materials and Methods:

One-hundred and twenty-five single-rooted extracted human permanent teeth were selected for the study. In both unsectioned and sectioned teeth, the total length of root dentin translucency was manually measured using a digital vernier caliper. Then, in a ground-sectioned tooth specimen, the total length and area of root dentin translucency were measured digitally using a scanner scale and computer software. Both the methods were compared.

Results:

In both manual and digital approaches, the length and area of root dentin translucency grew with age, from younger to older age groups. On comparing the measurements, the correlation coefficient was somewhat higher for digital area measurements than other measurements (r = 0.985).

Conclusion:

The digital technique outperforms the traditional way for calculating age, and furthermore, measuring the area in the digital method for age estimation has shown to be more accurate.
Post-COVID Fungal Osteomyelitis—Another Killer
Authors: Sodhi Surender Pal Singh , Brar Gursimrat Kaur , Sodhi Deepinder Pal Singh , Brar Gurmeet Singh , Gupta Sonu , Malhotra Mehak
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been sweeping across the globe as a pandemic. Based on a retrospective analysis of SARS data from worldwide, it is summarized that the fungal co-infections associated with global COVID-19 might be missed or misdiagnosed. Along with, we report case series of fungal infections in the maxilla and in the orbit, who were successfully treated for covid-19 and are on regular follow-up.
Exploring Factors Responsible for Absenteeism among Undergraduate Medical Students
Authors: Garg Preeti
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The present study was conducted by for exploring factors responsible for absenteeism among undergraduate medical students.

Materials and Methods:

After taking students’ views on why they thought lectures were important to them, a questionnaire was designed to explore the various factors responsible for absenteeism. Out of 150, 130 students filled the questionnaires and were taken into account for the calculation of data. Also, their recommendations on how to improve class attendance were recorded. All the results were analyzed.

Results:

Most of the students were of the opinion that lectures are important as they get to interact with teachers and peers, get timely feedback, and develop effective communication skills. The most common reason stated by male students for absenteeism was the long duration of lectures followed by dislike for the teaching style of teachers, while the female students missed classes mainly due to health issues and poor presentation skills of teachers.

Conclusion:

All these findings call for further research to determine a better understanding of the reasons for absenteeism and its consequences.
Phytic Acid: A Novel Dentine Conditioning Agent for Glass Ionomer Cement Restorations: An In Vitro Scanning Electron Microscopic Study
Authors: Souparnika D. P. , Babu Binila S. , Shetty Nithin , Imteyaz Fareeha , Parthiban Gayathri , Kumar G. Vinay
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Various dentin conditioners have been recommended to enhance the bond strength of glass ionomer cement (GIC) to dentin. The purpose of the in vitro study was to determine the efficacy of three dentin conditioners on the microshear bond strength of GIC and the failure patterns of the restoration, as well as the efficacy of removing the smear layer using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Materials and Methods:

Eighty healthy mandibular premolars were cleaned, isolated, and divided into four groups (n = 20). Flat coronal dentinal surfaces were accomplished by removing the occlusal surface of the crowns. Each group received the following treatment: group 1 with 10% polyacrylic acid; group 2 with 10% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); group 3 with 1% phytic acid; and group 4 with no conditioning (control). High-strength Fuji IX GIC was applied to the dentin, and samples were thermocycled and de-bonded with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min employing a shear force. A stereomicroscope and a SEM were used to examine the dentin surface at magnifications of 2000× and 5000×. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey’s post hoc test, and Chi-squared test were used to assess data on microshear bond strength, smear layer removal, and failure modes.

Results:

The bond strength of group 4 was statistically highly significant (P ≤ 0.001) compared to the other groups. However, the differences between groups 2 and 3 were insignificant. Mixed pattern of failure was the least in group 3 (IP6). In group 3, the SEM photomicrograph revealed open dentinal tubules with complete removal of the smear layer.

Conclusion:

The results of the present study affirm that phytic acid enhances the bond strength of GIC restorations and removal of smear layer to a level comparable to EDTA as a dentin conditioner.
To Evaluate the Correlation between the ABO Blood Group, Lip, and Fingerprint Pattern
Authors: Kathuria Navneet S. , Lakavath Kiran K. , Samudrala Arun K. , Arora Sanjana , Manhas Sakshi , Gupta Kamakshi
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

This research set out to see whether there was a connection between the ABO blood type and the unique patterns found on people’s lips and fingerprints.As many as a hundred people were surveyed for this study. Red lip gloss, cellophane tape, white A3 paper, a stamp pad with blue ink, and a magnifying glass were also used.O+ blood type, a full vertical lip print, and a loopy fingerprint pattern were the most common types of individuals.Lip patterns, fingerprints, and blood types are just a few of the personally identifiable characteristics that have been shown to be useful in forensic identification. We found no evidence of a link between these three variables in our analysis.
Assessment of the Efficacy of TMJ Arthroscopy-Assisted Masseter Nerve Avulsion on Hemimasticatory Spasm: An Original Research
Authors: Pillai A. Rashmi , Kumar G. Jeevan , Kumar Praveen , Nizar Sarin A. , Pendyala Siva Kumar , Baig Fawaz Abdul Hamid
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

The goal of this study is to find a cure for the masticatory muscle disease known as hemimasticatory spasm (HMS). This retrospective investigation intends to find a more efficient therapeutic approach for HMS patients by examining the clinical effectiveness of masseteric nerve avulsion performed on HMS using a temporomandibular arthroscope. A clinical study was piloted where the subjects were treated for masseter nerve avulsion by TMJ arthroscopy. The follow-up was done till 2 years, and the subjects were evaluated for the various characteristics like difficulties, masticatory abilities, and various sounds at the joint for the various functions of the joint. The diagnosis was done using the electrophysiological electromyogram (EMG) at the designated time intervals. There was a complete remission in all the subjects. The masseter nerve avulsion was effective since the scores lowered. Within 3 years of the operation, electrophysiological EMG depicted no discharge potential with a high frequency, and the total efficiency when paired with the clinical effectiveness was deemed acceptable. The maximal masseter power between the treated and nontreated sides was comparable. The mastication, on comparing, was also as effective as the normal side; however, lower mastication was noted in the first year. The avulsed nerve tissues lacked any apparent demyelination. Masseteric nerve avulsion with temporomandibular arthroscope assistance provided acceptable and stable total effectiveness for the intervention of the hemimasticatory spasm. While the strength of the muscle of the afflicted side was only marginally reduced, its masticatory effectiveness was optimally preserved.
Regenerative Therapy for the Permanent Immature Teeth: A Long Term Study. An Original Research
Authors: Jena Debkant , Sabiha P. B. , Kumar Neshaneni Satish , Ahmed Sanya Syed , Bhagat Priyanka , Singh Shobhit Pratap , Mustafa Mohammed
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Endodontics faces several clinical difficulties while treating young necrotic permanent teeth. The use of regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) enables apical closure, improved canal wall thickness, and root growth. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of these regenerative procedures on immature necrotic permanent teeth.

Methods:

This prospective clinical study was conducted at the tertiary care hospital for the study period of 2 years. This study includes 30 necrotic permanent immature teeth that were studied in 30 subjects of both genders. A standard REP protocol was used to treat every tooth. A follow-up visit was scheduled for each patient at timely intervals. Various study parameters as well as the demographics were assessed at each visit. To examine various parameters, a calibrated endodontist also performed a radiographic evaluation.

Results:

Our findings point to excellent rates of survival, clinical success, and apical pathological resolution for 29 teeth. After 2 years, there were significant variations in the root thickness area and the average root length. The apical diameter significantly decreased during the research period, with 30.8% of the instances exhibiting full apical closure. Apical diameter, root length, and thickness changed more frequently in teeth with the level of the immaturity of the root, although the variations were not significant.

Conclusions:

REP treatment for teeth preceded symptom relief. Increased root thickness, root length, and apical closure were seen at 30 months, even if the clinically meaningful change was not attained in all patients.
Effectiveness of Removal of Hard Tissue Debris from the Mesial Root Canal System of Mandibular Molars using Different Supplementary Irrigation Protocols: An Original Study
Authors: Sharma Neha , Alobaid Mohammed A. , Nayan Kamal , Chundi Bharathi , Oswal Piyush , Kumar Hemanth , Mustafa Mohammed
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

An instrumented and endodontically treated tooth may sometimes impede disinfection by trapping hard tissue as well as the other canal contents at the isthmus level of the canal. Thus, the current in vitro study was piloted to assess the competence of two irrigating systems.

Methods:

Twenty mandibular with two mesial canals convergent into a single foramen and joined by an isthmus of the human permanent teeth were compared for the two irrigation systems of continuous and intermittent ultrasonic (US) motions of the irrigation. The teeth were prepared by a single rotary system and were imaged using the “Scanning electronic microscopy-SCM”. The parameters were compared before and after the irrigation of the canal with the intended US systems for the removal of hard tissue debris. The appropriate statistical tools were used to find the significance, the value of which was kept at P < 0.05.

Results:

Significant percentage reduction of the hard tissue debris was achieved after the application of the supplemental irrigation protocols (P < 0.05). However between the groups, there was no significant difference.

Conclusions:

Comparable removal of the hard tissue debris was obtained in both the irrigation systems. Though not significant, the GentleWave performed better than the Irrisafe.
Comparison of the Quality of Life Among the Immediate Loading Implant Overdentures Using the Single and the Double Implants: An Original Study
Authors: Dewan Harisha , Mansuri Samir , Bansal Kritika , Basutkar Narendra , Saini Monika , Nayan Kamal
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

In edentulous individuals, single implant-retained mandibular overdentures are an effective substitute for double implant-retained overdentures. In this current research, the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was assessed for the immediate loading overdenture using the implants. The comparisons are drawn between the single and double implants.

Materials and Methods:

Forty subjects received single and double implants for the placement of the mandibular overdentures. Within a week days of implant insertion, they were loaded with overdentures. Using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire, the OHRQoL was measured before treatment, one month following treatment, and 12 months thereafter.

Results:

In both the single implant and double implant groups, participants’ mean OHIP-14 scores decreased statistically significantly for the different timelines. For the single implant group, the baseline total mean OHIP-14 score was 14.33, and for double implants, it was 19.15. Following therapy, it decreased to 8.55 in the single implant group and 9.48 for the double implant group at one month, and at 12 months, it further decreased to 3.25 in the single implant group while it was 5.15 in the double implant group.

Conclusions:

Single and double implants increase the QoL for older subjects who are edentulous at the 1-month and 1-year recall points. When two implants are used by older individuals, the single implant might offer an equivalent quality of life.
Comparison of the Bone-Anchored Pendulum Appliance and the Bone-Anchored Intraoral Bodily Molar Distalizer: An Original Research
Authors: Patowary John , Kumar Pranay , Priya C V Padma , Kanwal Bushra , Kauser Afreen , Chacko Prince K.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

With the advent of mini-implants, Class II correction has become routine. The study’s goal was to compare the “Bone-Anchored Pendulum Appliance (BAPA)” to the “Bone-Anchored Intraoral Bodily Molar Distalizer (BAIBMD)” in terms of clinical efficacy.

Materials and Procedures:

Five boys and five girls were among the 10 patients in this split-mouth trial who had to have their molars distalized. On one side, BAPA Construction, and on the other, BAIBMD was piloted. A titanium mini-screw was used to secure both appliances to the bone since this was a spilled-mouth technique. The first molar bands to apply 200 g of force were used for both devices, as with all the other components that were similar for both appliances. For both sides, the nature, duration, and rate of tooth movement were compared. Using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, descriptive statistics for several parameters were examined.

Results:

Distalization was accomplished on both sides with clinical success. The rate of distalization did not show any significant variation. Less time was needed for distalization with BAPA, as evidenced by the statistically substantial variances in treatment duration between the two groups. Molar tipping was noticed in BAPA, and it was statistically significant.

Conclusion:

While the pace of distalization was equal for both appliances, BAIBMD required more time than BAPA but resulted in a distal tooth movement that was mostly translatory in nature.
Evaluation of the Remineralisation of the Demineralized Enamel Surrounding Orthodontic Brackets using the Nano Hydroxyapatite: An Original Study
Authors: Samineni Sahithi , Rathore Bhupendra S. , Rohilla Nitika , Varma Praveen K. , Niwlikar Kumar B. , Sarma Sankar N.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The orthodontic appliances have been known to accelerate enamel loss due to various reasons. Since there are few studies supporting the role of the nano-HAP in the mineralization of the demineralized tooth surfaces, the current study compared nano-HAP’s capacity to remineralize the demineralized enamel layer surrounding braces at various concentration levels.

Materials and Procedures:

This investigation involved 60 healthy permanent premolars that had just been excised. All specimens had 3M-Unitek brackets glued to their buccal surfaces. The samples were artificially demineralized and divided into three groups. The control group, Toothpaste ApaCare, and ApaCareTM varnish. Before and after remineralization, selected samples from each group were analyzed using a “Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)” and evaluated using “Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDAX).” Spectrometer and profilometer were used for the study of surface and the color. Statistics were used to analyze the outcomes. The threshold for significance was fixed at 0.05.

Results:

After remineralization by nano-HAP, there was a significant rise (P < 0.001) in both calcium and phosphorus levels. This was picked up by EDAX, and SEM verified it. When compared to the control group, the nano-HAP application greatly improved the color measurements in the study groups (P < 0.001), and it also resulted in a significant decrease in surface roughness (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Our study’s results showed that nano-HAP could be successful in restoring demineralized enamel around brackets, reducing the surface roughness and color of the enamel surface.
Estimation of the Mechanical Properties of PRF in the Implant Surgery: An Original Research
Authors: Karpathak Shilpi , Mansuri Samir , Dev Shruti Vishal , Pilli Jyostnadevi , Alwithanani N. , Kondreddy Kameswari
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

In many oral procedures that involve the implants, hair implantations, “Platelet-Rich Fibrin Membrane (PRF)” is commonly applied. The advantages are many. In this study, the mechanical resistance of PRF under resistance pull on a longitudinal axis was assessed and compared.

Material and Methods:

For the current in vitro study, 60 volunteers donated each 10 ml of their blood and hence a total volume of 600 ml of blood was procured that was analyzed for the current study. The total volume was grouped to three groups where they receive three resistance centrifugation forces of “F-200,600,800 m/s².” In each group, 20 samples were tested for each level of the G-resistance. Each group was further divided as two subgroups of different times of wait, where they were centrifuged at baseline time and after a stand of 30 minutes. On universal testing equipment, the PRF membranes were mechanically tensioned in order to determine each membrane’s resistance force. These values were compared for any statistical variance using appropriate statistical tools keeping P < 0.05.

Results:

Any applied force had no statistically significant effect on the centrifugation duration for membrane resistance. When the resistance was applied for the PRP samples immediately after they were procured, no significant variation was seen at all the grades of the centrifugation forces; consequently, the T30 group showed a statistically significant variance for the centrifugation forces applied (P = 0.04), with the highest value when the greatest force was applied. According to the results, the centrifugation waiting period could be determined based on the application requirement.

Conclusion:

For immediate membrane usage, the centrifugation had no effect on resistance; however, after 30 minutes, a membrane with greater resistance was produced by applying more force.
Desmoplastic Ameloblastoma—A Case Report
Authors: Manikandan Saranya , Vijayakumar Gowthaman , Parthiban Babu , Kumarasamy Baskaran
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Desmoplastic ameloblastoma (DA) is a rare variant of conventional ameloblastoma. It accounts for only 4%–13% of all ameloblastomas. DA was included in the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumors (WHO-2005) as a variant of ameloblastoma with specific clinical, imaging, and histological features. The desmoplastic variant of ameloblastoma usually appears in the anterior and premolar regions as a mixed radiolucent and radiopaque lesion, sometimes resembling a benign fibro-osseous lesion.Ameloblastoma is a locally aggressive tumor that may cause recurrence and in rare cases, malignant transformation with repeated postsurgical recurrences. In this paper, we present a case of a 28-year-old female with swelling in the left upper jaw, a biopsy of which turned out to be DA.
Relationship of Burnout and Extra-Curricular Activities among Dental Students: An Original Research
Authors: Bhattacharyya Shyamalima , Suresh D , Santhi G. , Sandhu Navjeet S. , Kuppusamy Anitha , Kumar Sandeep
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

“Burnout syndrome (BS)” is a work-associated condition which is frequently observed in medical professionals, especially students. Extra-curricular activities (ECAs) are one of the coping techniques that students employ to deal with stress and exhaustion.

Goal:

The study’s goal is to evaluate dental students’ levels of burnout and how it correlates with their participation in ECAs.

Materials and Procedures:

In South India, a dentistry school conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire research with its students. Both the regular and supplemental batches of students from the first year through the fifth year (internship) were included. The “Maslach Burnout Inventory Student Survey”, which has 15 items in three areas—”Emotional Fatigue (EE), Cynicism (CY), & Professional Efficacy (PE)”—was used to assess burnout. A 5-point Likert scale was used to grade each response. Poisson log linear model and the Mann–Whitney U test were employed. The threshold for statistical significance was 5 out of 100.

Results:

Four hundred participants were finalized after the criteria. Over 80% of the participants were women students as in accordance with the routine proportion of the dental students. The participants’ average age was 22.1 ± 12 years. Burnout was seen in nearly 20% of subjects. Significant variation was seen for all the three domains of the burnout when they were compared against the ECA (P = 0.019(EE), 0.003(CY), and 0.005(PE)).

Conclusion:

It is safe to say that among the participants, burnout is a common occurrence. There is a need for early detection of burnout in dental students and prompt, efficient management.
Comparison of the IHC Markers CD138 and CD43 in Oral Leukoplakia: An Original Research
Authors: Akkaloori Anitha , Saikia Jayanta , Kuppusamy Anitha , Rana Komal , Dashatwar Pallavi D. , Behura Shyam S.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

In the clinical practice, one of the most common suspicious lesions that may be potentially malignant is oral leukoplakia. Globally, the rate at which it turns malignant varies. This study examines the levels of markers CD138 and 43 in oral leukoplakia.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty archival blocks of confirmed epithelial dysplasia were taken from the Department of Oral Pathology. These were processed for the identification of markers CD138 and 43 through Immuno Histo Chemistry (IHC). The blocks were divided equally for both the markers.

Results:

There was a noticeable difference in staining intensity between dysplastic tissue and nondysplastic epithelium. However, CD138 expression was low or weak in dysplastic epithelium. CD43 expression was negative in all nonhematopoietic tissues.

Conclusion:

Genes that are cancer associated have been found to have incredibly different impacts in numerous tissues during the multistep process of oral carcinogenesis. In tissues undergoing dysplastic changes, CD138 expression was shown to be decreased, which could point out the malignant changes initiated in the epithelium of the oral tissues.
Evaluation of the Denture Impact on the Palatal Rugae: An Original Research
Authors: Hardiya Sumeet , Kumar G. Jeevan , Vimala Sai Manne , Rana Komal , Desai Disha , Kaur Gaganpreet
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The palatal rugae may alter their shape based on the various physical pressures that they had to endure. This study’s objective is to assess the various alterations in the palatal rugae parameters among the complete denture wearers.

Materials and Procedures:

Forty subjects in all were chosen for the study. The control group interventional groups had an equal number of participants who were further equally distributed based on gender. For all of the participants, mucostatic maxillary alginate imprints were taken, and gypsum castings were created. They were called at the scheduled intervals of 2, 6, and 12 months following the treatment. The models used during those recalls and all of the palatal rugae were examined under a microscope for quantity, length, form, orientation, and unifications. The unpaired t-test was used to statistically examine palatal rugae alterations.

Results:

Following the wear of the dentures, the experimental group’s primary, secondary, and fragmented rugae all gradually shrank in length. In terms of statistics, the alteration solely affected primary rugae and was significant (P < 0.001). After a year of wearing dentures, a minimal change in rugae’s form was noticed in the denture groups, but it was statistically not substantial (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Due to the prolonged mechanical stress the dentures placed on the palatal rugae, complete denture users saw a significant reduction in the length of their primary rugae. Rugae number, orientation, and unification were among the other criteria that did not change during the course of the study. Analysis of the palatal rugae may not be useful in identifying people wearing full dentures. However, in forensic investigations, rugae may act as an adjunct to other methods like fingerprints and DNA analysis.
Determination of Antifungal Effect of Natural Oil and Synthetic Gutta Percha Solvents Against Candida Albicans: A Disc Diffusion Assay
Authors: Dutta Smita D.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The practice of removing root canal fillings with solvent materials is frequently required to help an irrigation solution enter the tubules. The current research was aimed at assessing the antifungal properties specifically the candida albicans of the various solvent materials used for the gutta-percha (GP) material.

Materials and Methods:

Current research was aimed at as a lab method using the disk diffusion technique where the zone of inhibition (ZOI) was calculated. The materials that were analyzed were: orange oil, xylene, turpentine oil, chloroform, and eucalyptus oil. Candida albicans was the test organism employed in the investigation. The agar plates were covered with approximately 500 μL of the suspension. The sterile and empty disks were impregnated with 10 μL of pure GP solvents. These plates were incubated for one day at room temperature. The ZOI’s mean diameters were calculated for all five materials and quantified each solvent’s fungicidal activity. For intergroup comparison, ANOVA was utilized. P values < 0.05 were deemed substantial.

Results:

The maximum inhibition exhibited by the Eucalyptus Oil it was 19.01 ± 1.02 mm. This was followed by Xylene. The other three solvents Chloroform, Orange Oil, and Turpentine Oil exhibited a similar ZOI. When all the solvents were compared there was a significant variance of P < 0.001. However, there were significant variances for the Eucalyptus Oil and the Xylene to all the other solvents P < 0.001.

Conclusion:

This investigation showed that, in comparison to other solvents, the use of eucalyptus oil considerably reduced the levels of Candida Albicans.
Fracture Resistance of Different Post–Core Systems: An In vitro Study
Authors: Podili Srivalli , Puthenkandathil Rahul , Kulkarni Manisha M. , Alobaid Mohammed A. , Valluri Bhanu P. , Shaik Zaheer A.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Reasons for the failed endodontic teeth which had an extensive restoration can be attributed to the multiple materials that were used in it. Various post–core materials that are commonly used are compared for fracture resistance in the current study. Fourty maxillary incisors that needed root canal therapy were allocated into four groups of 10 each. Using adhesive resin cement, teeth were repaired in three experimental groups with ceramic fiber post, glass post, and stainless steel post. All these posts with composite post and core. Samples that still had their coronal structure were considered as controls that were without any post–cores. Every sample was ready for the best abutment preparation. Using the universal testing machine, all the specimens were examined for the compressive strength at 130° until fracture was experienced. The data for the force levels at which the fracture occurred were noted and compared for significance using analysis of variance (ANOVA), keeping P < 0.05 as significant. The fracture resistance values were significantly variable among all the groups, with P < 0.05. The stainless steel post exhibited the highest strength before it succumbed to the fracture. The glass posts showed better restorability and were esthetically acceptable. The least fracture resistance was demonstrated by teeth that had no post–core, highlighting the necessity of strengthening the tooth. Among all the experimental groups, the one that demonstrated the highest fracture resistance was composite core and steel posts.
Comparison of Different Reconstruction Flap for Maxillofacial Region: An Original Research
Authors: Chakraborty Pallavi Khan , Patel Smit , Mulla Misbah Farheen , Kulkarni Manisha Mangesh , Sheikh Rummaan Ahmed , Shukla Anuj Kishor
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Large chunks of the tissue are sacrificed during the surgical procedures for the treatment if oral cancers. Our goal was to assess the viability of “Buccal reconstruction using the anterolateral thigh (ALT) flaps, platysma myocutaneous (PM), and radial forearm free (RFF)”.

Material and Methods:

Sixty subjects were included in this investigation, and they were divided into 3 groups. The follow-up as accompanied for six months. Comparisons were made for the time for the operations, reduction in the width of the mouth opening and the survival rates of the flaps. The data that was collected for the above two parameters and compared for the significance using the ANOVA, keeping P < 0.05 as significant.

Results:

In the subjects with the PM, the width of the mouth opening reduced comparatively greater than that of the subjects who received other two flaps. The reduction in the mouth opening in the PM was significantly greater compared to that of the ALT and RFF. Survival was greater for the groups ALT and RFF compared to PM. Time of the surgery was the greatest for the ALT and least for the PF.

Conclusion:

The observations point to the fact that the PF requires more time than that of the other two flaps. The survival was however better for the ALT and RFF. Further research is suggested for suggesting an appropriative flap design.
Public Health Dentistry as a Career Choice - Attitude of Dental Undergraduate Students in Puducherry
Authors: Devi S. Sakthi , Divyapriya G. K. , Viswanathan Krishnan , Banu Halitha , Nadaf Nousheen , Adkoli B. V.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

To pursue further education in a particular specialty of dentistry, it is important for dental students to be aware of the “expectation” associated with any specific specialty in dentistry. Therefore students ‘attitudes’ towards ‘expectations’ of various specialties, to a large extent enables a meaningful understanding that facilitates appropriate planning in the dental sector for the community.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional questionnaire based survey was conducted, which included, final year and dental interns studying in two dental institutions, in the State of Puducherry. It consisted of 27 questions that were graded using 5-point Likert scale. The responses for the attitude questions toward selecting Public Health Dentistry for post-graduation were categorized into three factors, negative attitude (includes score 0-21), neutral attitude (score 22-44), and positive attitude (score 45-64). Differences between groups were examined using t-test for proportions. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results:

Among 221 respondents, 73 (33.0) were males and 148 (67.0) females. About (52.2%) of the respondents had positive attitude toward selecting Public Health Dentistry as their future career and (76.7%) had neutral attitude, around (5 %) had negative attitude towards the speciality for pursuing post-graduation in both the two institutions.

Conclusion:

Our study could highlight many factors namely gender, year of study etc which influence the attitude of students for selecting PHD as career choice. These specific factors could be kept in mind while course planning for government or private institutions so that maximum interest can be fetched among students.
An In vitro Assessment of the Shear Bond Strength of Two Different Pit and Fissure Sealants in Primary Teeth
Authors: Al Ghwainem Abdulhamid
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The current research had an aim to evaluate the shear bond strength of two different pit and fissure sealants in deciduous teeth.

Materials and Methods:

Forty deciduous teeth were part of this research. Inclusion criteria were teeth having an unbroken occlusal surface, whereas samples having developmental defects/afflicted with caries were subjected to exclusion from this research. Each specimen tooth was assigned at random to one of the two groups constituting 20 specimens each by means of a computer-generated randomization with two alphabets (A, B). Group 1: Conventional sealant, Group 2: Self-adhering flowable sealant. Following sealant coating, a shear load was placed via a universal testing apparatus in a manner parallel to the bonded edge at a speed of 0.5 millimeter/minute till the occurrence of a breakdown. Bond strength was subsequently measured in Mega Pascals (MPa).

Results:

13.86 ± 0.23 was the mean shear bond strength of self-adhering flowable sealant versus 11.48 ± 0.52 Mpa of conventional sealants. Statistically significant differences amid both groups were noted.

Conclusion:

The current research arrived at a conclusion that self-adhering flowable sealants exhibited superior shear bond strength in comparison to conventional sealants.