bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of the Relative Importance of Factors Affecting the Spatial Variability of River Water Quality
Authors: Seo Jiyu , Won Jeongeun , Choi Jeonghyeon , Kim Sangdan
Published: October 2021

Understanding the temporal and spatial variability of water quality is important in order to establish effective customized management strategies for polluted aquatic ecosystems. Although various water quality management methods have been proposed based on insights into river water pollution factors through physically based modeling or statistical techniques, it is difficult to find studies that analyze the relative importance of these water pollution factors in a relatively large watershed using a step-by-step methodology. In this study, the spatial variability of river water quality is analyzed using time-averaged river water quality data collected from 40 sites in the Nakdong river basin, located on the Korean Peninsula. We focused on biological oxygen demand, total suspended solids, total nitrogen, and total organic carbon. A two-step exhaustive search approach was used to find a linear model that best links the various factors of the watershed with the average river water quality. The optimal model was selected by applying cross-correlation analysis and Bayesian inference. Through the process of finding the optimal statistical model, the major factors that have the most influence on river water quality were identified by analyzing the factors affecting river water quality, their levels of influence, and their levels of uncertainty. Identifying a set of processes provides insight into the key factors influencing spatial variability in average stream water quality conditions. We were able to identify the relative influences and uncertainties of the hydrological, climatic, topographical, and geological characteristics of the watershed on the spatial variability of river water quality. The proposed spatial variability model of average river water quality can be used to predict river water quality responses to future climate change, land use pattern change, and soil management strategy change.
A Framework to Evaluate the SDG Contribution of Fluvial Nature-Based Solutions
Authors: Andrikopoulou Tatiana , Schielen Ralph M. J. , Spray Chris J. , Schipper Cor A. , Blom Astrid
Published: October 2021

Nature-based solutions (NBSs) are measures reflecting the ‘cooperation with nature’ approach: mitigating fluvial flood risk while being cost-effective, resource-efficient, and providing numerous environmental, social, and economic benefits. Since 2015, the United Nations (UN) 2030 Agenda has provided UN member states with goals, targets, and indicators to facilitate an integrated approach focusing on economic, environmental, and social improvements simultaneously. The aim of this study is to evaluate the contribution of fluvial NBSs to the UN 2030 Agenda, using all its components: Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), targets, and indicators. We propose a four-step framework with inputs from the UN 2030 Agenda, scientific literature, and case studies. The framework provides a set of fluvial flooding indicators that are linked to SDG indicators of the UN 2030 Agenda. Finally, the fluvial flooding indicators are tested by applying them to a case study, the Eddleston Water Project, aiming to examine its contribution to the UN 2030 Agenda. This reveals that the Eddleston Water Project contributes to 9 SDGs and 33 SDG targets from environmental, economic, societal, policy, and technical perspectives. Our framework aims to enhance the systematic considerations of the SDG indicators, adjust their notion to the system of interest, and thereby enhance the link between the sustainability performance of NBSs and the UN 2030 Agenda.
Economic Benefits and Pollutants Emission Embodied in China–US Merchandise Trade—Comparative Analysis Based on Gross Trade, Value Added Trade and Value Added in Trade
Authors: He Ling-Yun , Huang Hui
Published: October 2021

The main focuses of the Sino–US trade dispute are the issue of trade interests. If taking environmental costs into consideration, the trade interests are even more overestimated. There are different methods for measuring trade interests, and the results obtained under different methods differ. This paper uses the gross trade, value-added trade and value-added-in trade framework to calculate the economic gains and correspondent embodied pollution in China–US trade, compares the differences in results under different models and makes possible explanations. Our conclusions are as follows: (1) Traditional gross trade statistics have overestimated China’s economic benefits. The trade balance in gross trade was overestimated by 35% and 40% compared to the value-added trade and value-added-in trade. (2) China was a net exporter of embodied pollution and paid huge environmental costs from 1995 to 2011. (3) China’s exports are environmentally worse than the United States, and the calculation of pollution terms of trade proves that China paid a greater environmental cost for the same amount of economic benefits. (4) Different accounting frameworks have a great impact on the embodied pollution results at the industry level. Pollution based on value-added trade was more concentrated. The major polluting industries also changed.
Greta Thunberg and the Generation of Moral Authority: A Systematic Literature Review on the Characteristics of Thunberg’s Leadership
Authors: Nässén Nessica , Rambaree Komalsingh
Published: October 2021

Numerous efforts have been made by political leaders worldwide to prevent further climate change and develop sustainable solutions. However, due to conflicting political positions and the complex solutions required, attempts to limit climate change have proven largely ineffective. For these reasons, a new kind of environmental change leader is needed to catalyze significant societal transformation. In recent years, Greta Thunberg has become a major spokesperson for environmental issues, mobilizing people worldwide to act against climate change. Utilizing a theoretical framework based on transformational leadership and moral authority, this article discusses, by means of a systematic literature review, the characteristics of Thunberg’s leadership. Using the PRISMA protocol, data were collected from various national and international media sources. With the assistance of ATLAS-ti.v.9 Scientific Software Development GmbH, Berlin, Germany, qualitative deductive content analysis was performed to analyze the data. In this review, we discuss how Thunberg embodies five characteristics that are typical of moral authority, thereby becoming a transformational leader who influences the possibility of preventing climate change and promotes more sustainable solutions. This article concludes that it is through the characteristics of moral authority that Greta Thunberg has become a global transformational leader for those defending the natural environment.
ℒp-Norm-like Affine Projection Sign Algorithm for Sparse System to Ensure Robustness against Impulsive Noise
Authors: Shin Jaewook , Kim Jeesu , Kim Tae-Kyoung , Yoo Jinwoo
Published: October 2021

An improved affine projection sign algorithm (APSA) was developed herein using a Lp-norm-like constraint to increase the convergence rate in sparse systems. The proposed APSA is robust against impulsive noise because APSA-type algorithms are generally based on the L1-norm minimization of error signals. Moreover, the proposed algorithm can enhance the filter performance in terms of the convergence rate due to the implementation of the Lp-norm-like constraint in sparse systems. Since a novel cost function of the proposed APSA was designed for maintaining the similar form of the original APSA, these have symmetric properties. According to the simulation results, the proposed APSA effectively enhances the filter performance in terms of the convergence rate of sparse system identification in the presence of impulsive noises compared to that achieved using the existing APSA-type algorithms.
Tendencies in ABO3 Perovskite and SrF2, BaF2 and CaF2 Bulk and Surface F-Center Ab Initio Computations at High Symmetry Cubic Structure
Authors: Eglitis Roberts I. , Purans Juris , Popov Anatoli I. , Jia Ran
Published: October 2021

We computed the atomic shift sizes of the closest adjacent atoms adjoining the (001) surface F-center at ABO3 perovskites. They are significantly larger than the atomic shift sizes of the closest adjacent atoms adjoining the bulk F-center. In the ABO3 perovskite matrixes, the electron charge is significantly stronger confined in the interior of the bulk oxygen vacancy than in the interior of the (001) surface oxygen vacancy. The formation energy of the oxygen vacancy on the (001) surface is smaller than in the bulk. This microscopic energy distinction stimulates the oxygen vacancy segregation from the perovskite bulk to their (001) surfaces. The (001) surface F-center created defect level is nearer to the (001) surface conduction band (CB) bottom as the bulk F-center created defect level. On the contrary, the SrF2, BaF2 and CaF2 bulk and surface F-center charge is almost perfectly confined to the interior of the fluorine vacancy. The shift sizes of atoms adjoining the bulk and surface F-centers in SrF2, CaF2 and BaF2 matrixes are microscopic as compared to the case of ABO3 perovskites.
Comparing Performance of 3D-Printed and Injection-Molded Fiber-Reinforced Composite Parts in Ring-Spinning Traveler Application
Authors: Kabir S. M. Fijul , Mathur Kavita , Seyam Abdel-Fattah M.
Published: October 2021

Fiber-reinforced 3D printing (3DP) technology is a recent addition to the material extrusion-based 3DP process unlocking huge potential to apply this technology for high-performance material fabrication with complex geometries. However, in order to take the full advantage of this technology, a comparative analysis with existing technologies targeting a particular application is necessary to understand its commercial applicability. Here, an applied composite part, ring-spinning travelers, has been developed using the unique design features of fiber-reinforced 3DP technology that is beyond the capability of the currently used technology; the injection molding, quality, and performance of the printed and molded travelers were investigated and compared. The results demonstrated that fiber-reinforced 3DP is a promising technology that offers a lot of flexibility regarding reinforcement patterns and materials including both short and continuous fibers to tailor the performance, although the printed travelers showed poorer surface characteristics and wear resistance than the molded travelers. Based on the present analysis, a number of recommendations have been proposed on the design of the traveler to apply the technology effectively and use the printer to improvise and manipulate the performance of the travelers.
Prenatal Particulate Matter Exposure Is Associated with Saliva DNA Methylation at Age 15: Applying Cumulative DNA Methylation Scores as an Exposure Biomarker
Authors: Bakulski Kelly M. , Fisher Jonah D. , Dou John F. , Gard Arianna , Schneper Lisa , Notterman Daniel A. , Ware Erin B. , Mitchell Colter
Published: October 2021

Exposure in utero to particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) is associated with maladaptive health outcomes. Although exposure to prenatal PM2.5 and PM10 has cord blood DNA methylation signatures at birth, signature persistence into childhood and saliva cross-tissue applicability has not been tested. In the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, a United States 20-city birth cohort, average residential PM2.5 and PM10 during the three months prior to birth was estimated using air quality monitors with inverse distance weighting. Saliva DNA methylation at ages 9 (n = 749) and 15 (n = 793) was measured using the Illumina HumanMethylation 450 k BeadArray. Cumulative DNA methylation scores for particulate matter were estimated by weighting participant DNA methylation at each site by independent meta-analysis effect estimates and standardizing the sums. Using a mixed-effects regression analysis, we tested the associations between cumulative DNA methylation scores at ages 9 and 15 and PM exposure during pregnancy, adjusted for child sex, age, race/ethnicity, maternal income-to-needs ratio, nonmartial birth status, and saliva cell-type proportions. Our study sample was 50.5% male, 56.3% non-Hispanic Black, and 19.8% Hispanic, with a median income-to-needs ratio of 1.4. Mean exposure levels for PM2.5 were 27.9 μg/m3/day (standard deviation: 7.0; 23.7% of observations exceeded safety standards) and for PM10 were 15.0 μg/m3/day (standard deviation: 3.1). An interquartile range increase in PM2.5 exposure (10.73 μg/m3/day) was associated with a −0.0287 standard deviation lower cumulative DNA methylation score for PM2.5 (95% CI: −0.0732, 0.0158, p = 0.20) across all participants. An interquartile range increase in PM10 exposure (3.20 μg/m3/day) was associated with a −0.1472 standard deviation lower cumulative DNA methylation score for PM10 (95% CI: −0.3038, 0.0095, p = 0.06) across all participants. The PM10 findings were driven by the age 15 subset where an interquartile range increase in PM10 exposure was associated with a −0.024 standard deviation lower cumulative DNA methylation score for PM10 (95% CI: −0.043, −0.005, p = 0.012). Findings were robust to adjustment for PM exposure at ages 1 and 3. In utero PM10-associated DNA methylation differences were identified at age 15 in saliva. Benchmarking the timing and cell-type generalizability is critical for epigenetic exposure biomarker assessment.
Exploration on the Enhancement of Detoxification Ability of Zearalenone and Its Degradation Products of Aspergillus niger FS10 under Directional Stress of Zearalenone
Authors: Ji Jian , Yu Jian , Yang Yang , Yuan Xiao , Yang Jia , Zhang Yinzhi , Sun Jiadi , Sun Xiulan
Published: October 2021

Zearalenone (ZEN) is one of the most common mycotoxin contaminants in food. For food safety, an efficient and environmental-friendly approach to ZEN degradation is significant. In this study, an Aspergillus niger strain, FS10, was stimulated with 1.0 μg/mL ZEN for 24 h, repeating 5 times to obtain a stressed strain, Zearalenone-Stressed-FS10 (ZEN-S-FS10), with high degradation efficiency. The results show that the degradation rate of ZEN-S-FS10 to ZEN can be stabilized above 95%. Through metabolomics analysis of the metabolome difference of FS10 before and after ZEN stimulation, it was found that the change of metabolic profile may be the main reason for the increase in the degradation rate of ZEN. The optimization results of degradation conditions of ZEN-S-FS10 show that the degradation efficiency is the highest with a concentration of 104 CFU/mL and a period of 28 h. Finally, we analyzed the degradation products by UPLC-q-TOF, which shows that ZEN was degraded into two low-toxicity products: C18H22O8S (Zearalenone 4-sulfate) and C18H22O5 ((E)-Zearalenone). This provides a wide range of possibilities for the industrial application of this strain.
Simultaneous Determination of Ergot Alkaloids in Swine and Dairy Feeds Using Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Poapolathep Saranya , Klangkaew Narumol , Zhang Zhaowei , Giorgi Mario , Logrieco Antonio Francesco , Poapolathep Amnart
Published: October 2021

Ergot alkaloids (EAs) are mycotoxins mainly produced by the fungus Claviceps purpurea. EAs are known to affect the nervous system and to be vasoconstrictors in humans and animals. This work presents recent advances in swine and dairy feeds regarding 11 major EAs, namely ergometrine, ergosine, ergotamine, ergocornine, ergocryptine, ergocristine, ergosinine, ergotaminine, ergocorninine, ergocryptinine, and ergocristinine. A reliable, sensitive, and accurate multiple mycotoxin method, based on extraction with a Mycosep 150 multifunctional column prior to analysis using UHPLC-MS/MS, was validated using samples of swine feed (100) and dairy feed (100) for the 11 targeted EAs. Based on the obtained validation results, this method showed good performance recovery and inter-day and intra-day precision that are in accordance with standard criteria to ensure reliable occurrence data on EA contaminants. More than 49% of the swine feed samples were contaminated with EAs, especially ergocryptine(-ine) (40%) and ergosine (-ine) and ergotamine (-ine) (37%). However, many of the 11 EAs were not detectable in any swine feed samples. In addition, there were contaminated (positive) dairy feed samples, especially for ergocryptine (-ine) (50%), ergosine (-ine) (48%), ergotamine (-ine), and ergocristine (-ine) (49%). The mycotoxin levels in the feed samples in this study almost complied with the European Union regulations.
RETRACTED: SARS–CoV–2 Spike Impairs DNA Damage Repair and Inhibits V(D)J Recombination In Vitro
Authors: Jiang Hui , Mei Ya-Fang
Published: October 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS–CoV–2) has led to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID–19) pandemic, severely affecting public health and the global economy. Adaptive immunity plays a crucial role in fighting against SARS–CoV–2 infection and directly influences the clinical outcomes of patients. Clinical studies have indicated that patients with severe COVID–19 exhibit delayed and weak adaptive immune responses; however, the mechanism by which SARS–CoV–2 impedes adaptive immunity remains unclear. Here, by using an in vitro cell line, we report that the SARS–CoV–2 spike protein significantly inhibits DNA damage repair, which is required for effective V(D)J recombination in adaptive immunity. Mechanistically, we found that the spike protein localizes in the nucleus and inhibits DNA damage repair by impeding key DNA repair protein BRCA1 and 53BP1 recruitment to the damage site. Our findings reveal a potential molecular mechanism by which the spike protein might impede adaptive immunity and underscore the potential side effects of full-length spike-based vaccines.
Therapy Dog Welfare Revisited: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Glenk Lisa Maria , Foltin Sandra
Published: October 2021

During the past decade, the field of human–animal interaction(s) research has been characterized by a significant increase in scientific findings. These data have contributed to our current understanding of how humans may benefit from contact with animals. However, the animal experience of these interactions is still an under-researched area. This paper addresses the welfare of dogs who participate in animal-assisted interventions (AAIs) to improve health in human recipients. This paper builds on previous work by Glenk (2017) and provides an updated review of the literature on therapy dog welfare published from 2017–2021. New advances in scientific methodology, such as the determination of salivary oxytocin, breath rate and tympanic membrane temperature, are analyzed regarding their value and limitations for research in AAIs. Moreover, welfare-related social and environmental factors (e.g., freedom of choice, exploration of novel environments, inequity aversion, individual development, working experience, relationship with handler and handler skills) that profoundly influence dog perception and well-being are reviewed and discussed. Accounting for the globally increasing interest and the number of dogs utilized in AAIs, safeguarding therapy dog well-being, and identifying situations, circumstances and protocols that may challenge animal welfare remains an emerging and crucial area of scientific effort.
Investigating Controls on Barrier Island Overwash and Evolution during Extreme Storms
Authors: Beckman Jesse N. , Long Joseph W. , Hawkes Andrea D. , Leonard Lynn A. , Ghoneim Eman
Published: October 2021

Over short periods of time, extreme storms can significantly alter barrier island morphology, increasing the vulnerability of coastal habitats and communities relative to future storms. These impacts are complex and the result of interactions between oceanographic conditions and the geomorphic, geological, and ecological characteristics of the island. A 2D XBeach model was developed and compared to observations in order to study these interactions along an undeveloped barrier island near the landfall of Hurricane Florence in 2018. Beachface water levels during the storm were obtained from two cross-shore arrays of pressure sensors for comparison to model hydrodynamics. Aerial drone imagery was used to derive pre-storm and post-storm elevation data in order to quantify spatially varying erosion and overwash. Sediment grain size was measured in multiple locations, and we estimated spatially varying friction by using Sentinel-2 satellite imagery. The high spatial and temporal resolution of satellite imagery provided an efficient method for incorporating pre-storm spatially varying land cover. While previous studies have focused on the use of spatially varying friction, we found that the utilization of local median grain sizes and full directional wave spectra was critical to reproducing observed overwash extent.
Bacterioplankton Community as a Biological Element for Reservoirs Water Quality Assessment
Authors: Pinto Ivo , Calisto Rita , Serra Cláudia R. , Lage Olga M. , Antunes Sara C.
Published: October 2021

The Water Framework Directive (WFD) is used to evaluate the water quality of aquatic ecosystems. Phytoplankton is the only biological element considered in the reservoirs water quality assessment. In this study, we aimed to assess the use of the bacterioplankton community as an indicator of water quality, using a culture-independent assay (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, DGGE). Four Portuguese reservoirs (Miranda, Pocinho, Aguieira and Alqueva) were analysed in four periods (autumn 2018, spring and autumn 2019, and spring 2020). Bacterial total abundance had similar values for Miranda, Pocinho and Aguieira, and generally lower values for Alqueva. Diversity and richness values did not show a clear trend. Negative correlations were observed between some nutrients and the bacterial community. Overall, members of Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Nitrospirae and Proteobacteria were identified in all sampling sites. In Alqueva, no spatial, temporal or water body quality relationships with bacterial community were observed, which may be due to its higher size, low water velocity rate and higher residence times. However, in Miranda, Pocinho and Aguieira, a strong spatial and temporal bacterial community dynamic was observed. Furthermore, the presence of some species (e.g., Acinetobacter sp.) may reflect the poor water quality that was not detected by the WFD approach.
The Relationships between Public Risk Perceptions of Climate Change, Environmental Sensitivity and Experience of Extreme Weather-Related Disasters: Evidence from Greece
Authors: Diakakis Michalis , Skordoulis Michalis , Savvidou Eleni
Published: October 2021

Climate change is one of the most pressing threats facing humanity in our times. Understanding public perceptions of climate change and its risks is the key to any mitigation and adaptation initiatives. Previous works discussed the influence of experiencing climate-related disasters, as well as the role of environmental sensitivity, but also acknowledged important regional variations, gaps and uncertainties. This work focuses on examining the relationship between personal disaster experience, risk perceptions of climate change and ideology with respect to the environment using the New Ecological Paradigm. The study exploits the results of a questionnaire survey in Greece, a characteristic example of the multihazard region of the Eastern Mediterranean. Results show that both direct disaster experience and a person’s views on the causes of recent disasters in the country are connected with environmental sensitivity and climate change risk perception in a positive way. Both factors are also correlated with views on the effects of climate change. The findings are in agreement with research outcomes in other areas of the world, showing the importance of disaster experience and the views on extreme events in influencing perceptions of climate change. The work contributes to the growing literature on risk perception of climate change and the role of natural hazards, by adding a new piece in the knowledge puzzle in the climate-sensitive and relatively data-poor region of the Eastern Mediterranean.
Determining Stress State of Source Media with Identified Difference between Groundwater Level during Loading and Unloading Induced by Earth Tides
Authors: Yu Huaizhong , Yu Chen , Ma Yuchuan , Zhao Binbin , Yue Chong , Gao Rong , Chang Yulong
Published: October 2021

The groundwater level might be adopted as a useful tool to explore pre-seismic stress change in the earth crust, because it circulates in the deep crust and should be altered by the processes associated with the preparation of earthquakes. This work makes a new attempt that applies the load/unload response ratio (LURR) technique to study the stress state of the source media before the large earthquakes by calculating the ratio between the water levels during the loading and unloading phases. The change of Coulomb failure stress induced by earth tides in the tectonically preferred slip direction on the fault surface of the mainshock is adopted for differentiating the loading and unloading periods. Using this approach, we tested the groundwater level in the wells near the epicenters of some large earthquakes that occurred in the Sichuan-Yunnan region of southwest China. Results show that the LURR time series fluctuated narrowly around 1.0 for many years and reached anomalously high peaks 2~8 months prior to the mainshocks. For the earthquakes with multiple observation wells, the magnitude of the maximum values decreases with the distance from the epicenter. The underlying physics of these changes should be caused by the pre-seismic dilatancy. The corresponding volume variations in the crust could be observed in the geodetic time series in the same neighborhoods and during the same period.
Resilience of Interdependent Water and Power Systems: A Literature Review and Conceptual Modeling Framework
Authors: Oikonomou Konstantinos , Mongird Kendall , Rice Jennie S. , Homer Juliet S.
Published: October 2021

As increasing pressures of population growth and climate change arise, water and power systems (WPS) are becoming increasingly interdependent. This interdependency has resulted in an increased potential for cascading failures, whereby the service interruption of one system can propagate to interdependent ones. This paper makes four contributions. First, we present an extensive literature review in the field of integrated water and power resilience, leveraging both institutional and technical literature research landscapes. We compare various modeling approaches used to model interdependent WPS and discuss the different metrics and definitions that are typically employed to quantify and define resilience. Relevant challenges and gaps related to modeling tools and metrics are also discussed, and appropriate recommendations are made. Second, the paper presents a visualization prototype for interdependent WPS to showcase water and power system interdependencies and reveal co-managed resilience strategies that can be used to improve resilience under different types of common threats. Third, we provide a conceptual decision support framework that simultaneously optimizes a portfolio of co-managed resilience strategies in the face of multiple, uncertain threats and addresses WPS interdependencies. Finally, we present future trends regarding digitalization, integrated planning, collaborative governance, and equity needs for building more resilient WPS.
Impacts of Desalinated and Recycled Water in the Abu Dhabi Surficial Aquifer
Authors: Sathish Sadhasivam , Cherubini Claudia , Pastore Nicola , Giasi Concetta I. , Rapti Dimitra
Published: October 2021

In Abu Dhabi, one of the most arid regions in the world, in recent decades, desalinated water has been identified as a prime solution in solving the water demand issues. In this study, a three-dimensional coupled density-dependent flow and solute transport model was set up in order to study the effect of the artificial recharge using desalinated water and the influence of nonconventional water with a salt concentration in the range 0.1–2 g/L The results confirm that this region demands the adoption of a more rational use of irrigation water or additional usage of desalinated water and recycled water together with optimizing groundwater pumping at locations that are vulnerable to further quality degradation and depletion. The long-term storage of desalinated freshwater with a maximum radial distance of 653 m in the dune surface is ensured with the formation of the transition zone, and change in the groundwater head up to 5 km. The maximum recovery obtained by immediate recovery is 70%. The study expresses the long-term feasibility of desalinated freshwater storage and the need for further management practices in quantifying the contribution of desalinated and recycled water for agriculture activities which might have improved groundwater quality and increased hydraulic head at some locations.
Emulation of 2D Hydrodynamic Flood Simulations at Catchment Scale Using ANN and SVR
Authors: Mirza Alipour Saba , Leal Joao
Published: October 2021

Two-dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic models are one of the most widely used tools for flood modeling practices and risk estimation. The 2D models provide accurate results; however, they are computationally costly and therefore unsuitable for many real time applications and uncertainty analysis that requires a large number of model realizations. Therefore, the present study aims to (i) develop emulators based on SVR and ANN as an alternative for predicting the 100-year flood water level, (ii) improve the performance of the emulators through dimensionality reduction techniques, and (iii) assess the required training sample size to develop an accurate emulator. Our results indicate that SVR based emulator is a fast and reliable alternative that can predict the water level accurately. Moreover, the performance of the models can improve by identifying the most influencing input variables and eliminating redundant inputs from the training process. The findings in this study suggest that the training data size equal to 70% (or more) of data results in reliable and accurate predictions.
Transcutaneous puncture of kidney cysts under ultrasound control
Authors: Zaypula Zulbegovich Nazhmudinov , Huseynov Abdulkamal Huseynovich
Published: October 2021

The article presents the results of the introduction of puncture drainage and sclerosis of kidney cysts under ultrasound guidance in the clinic. This technique refers to minimally invasive surgery, it is the least traumatic, does not lead to large material costs, is very reliable and effective. It is easy to perform in a hospital setting of any level. According to this method, 38 patients were treated in the hospital for five years.
Estado del arte de la metodología CLIL desde una perspectiva métrica
Authors: Sarmiento Chugcho Kleber Oswaldo , Pizarro Johanna , Matamoros González Jessenia Anabel
Published: October 2021

El proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de una lengua extranjera descansa fundamentalmente en el método de enseñanza que se utilice. Una de las metodologías más efectiva es el enfoque CLIL. El objetivo de este artículo es describir el dominio de conocimiento que se articula en torno a la metodología CLIL. Para ello se utilizaron los estudios métricos de la información como marco metodológico. Se aplicaron un grupo de indicadores de productividad, de colaboración y de impacto. El análisis se realizó en un corpus de investigaciones obtenido de la base de datos Dimensions. Los resultados  alcanzados  ofrecen un conjunto relaciones y estructuras que describen las particularidades de las investigaciones realizadas sobre la metodología CLIL. Entre las conclusiones expuesta se plantea que las investigaciones relacionadas con la metodología CLIL se han convertido en tendencia, desde el 2015 a la fecha es posible advertir una buena producción científica en torno a estos temas.
Machine Learning Model for Credit Card Fraud Detection- A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Sharma Pratyush , Banerjee Souradeep , Tiwari Devyanshi , Patni Jagdish Chandra
Published: October 2021

In today's world, we are on an express train to a cashless society which has led to a tremendous escalation in the use of credit card transactions. But the flipside of this is that fraudulent activities are on the increase; therefore, implementation of a methodical fraud detection system is indispensable to cardholders as well as the card-issuing banks. In this paper, we are going to use different machine learning algorithms like random forest, logistic regression, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Neural Networks to train a machine learning model based on the given dataset and create a comparative study on the accuracy and different measures of the models being achieved using each of these algorithms. Using the comparative analysis on the F_1 score, we will be able to predict which algorithm is best suited to serve our purpose for the same. Our study concluded that Artificial Neural Network (ANN) performed best with an F_1 score of 0.91.
Cefuroxime oxidation with new generation anodes: Evaluation of parameter effects, kinetics and total intermediate products
Authors: Kurt Ayşe
Published: October 2021

In this study, it was investigated the capability of new generation Sb-SnO2/Ti anodes, which are well known with their promising results in ozone generation and stability, to remove cefuroxime (CXM) antibiotic from aqueous solution. Comparison of different electrolyte types were performed for this purpose; NaCl and KCl. KCl increased the conductivity and caused to the formation of important oxidants and thus, affected electrochemical oxidation reactions more positively than NaCl. It was obtained that, pH parameter has a very important effect on the removal efficiencies in this process and higher efficiencies were obtained at the natural pH value (pH 7) of the aqueous solution. It was thought that, this was probably because the reactions occurred in aqueous solution mostly instead of anodic surface. Furthermore, the removal efficiencies increased with current density increase and the best results were obtained at 50 mA/cm2 current density. As a result of the study, at the end of 60 min of reaction, the aqueous solution containing cefuroxime antibiotic was completely treated without any toxic intermediate product formation with 750 mg/L KCl addition, at pH 7 and 50 mA/cm2 current density.
Face Threatening Acts in Pre-Service Teachers and Students: A Case Study in EFL Classroom
Authors: Sapoetra Jimmy
Published: October 2021

Maintaining relationship between teachers and students is one of the key issues in Education. This issue is important as the relationship affects the process as well as the results of students’ learning. It is also significant how the teachers interact with the students in the classroom. In this study we would like to see whether teachers’ attitude affects students’ perception on such a behavior. This was seen through the language that teachers use in the classroom. Some teachers tend to use face threatening acts (FTA), which cause the students feel uncomfortable, tense, and anxious (Pomerantz 1984, Beebe & Cummings 1985, Chen, 2006). As a result, the students’ learning outcomes might be affected. In some cultures, doing such a thing would be considered impolite. The study was conducted in one of the private senior high schools in Jakarta with a sample of two teachers and 50 students of Grades 10 & 11 from two EFL classrooms. The study used qualitative and quantitative approach with descriptive statistics to analyze the findings. A list of questionnaires was used along with an interview with the two teachers to clarify the results. The discussion covered several aspects regarding the existence of FTA in EFL classrooms: the kinds of threatening acts used, the patterns of the threatening acts, the factors of using threatening acts, and the students’ responses of threatening acts. The study was expected to give insights for the pre-service teachers in EFL classroom.
Sebuah Kajian Pustaka: Tren Podcast sebagai Media dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa kedua
Authors: Amalia Mufidah Nur
Published: October 2021

Podcast menjadi tren baru di era digital sebagai media pembelajaran bahasa kedua karena sifatnya yang fleksibel dan inovatif. Selain itu, Podcast menyuguhkan pengalaman belajar yang baru sehingga pemelajar bahasa kedua lebih termotivasi untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berbahasanya. Hal itu terlihat dari sejumlah penelitian yang membuktikan keefektifan Podcast dalam pembelajaran bahasa kedua, baik keterampilan menyimak, berbicara, membaca, dan menulis. Artikel ini fokus membahas tiga hal berdasarkan proses menelaah penelitian-penelitian yang sudah dilakukan, yaitu (1) sudut pandang pemelajar bahasa kedua terhadap penggunaan Podcast, (2) efektivitas penggunaan Podcast sebagai media pembelajaran bahasa kedua, dan (3) aspek yang harus diperhatikan pengajar dalam memanfaatkan Podcast sebagai media pembelajaran. Metode yang digunakan ialah kajian pustaka dari jurnal nasional dan internasional. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk merangkum hasil-hasil penelitian terkait Podcast pada pembelajaran bahasa kedua sehingga bisa menjadi referensi bagi pengajar yang ingin menggunakan Podcast dalam pembelajaran bahasa kedua. Temuan-temuan yang sudah ada juga menunjukkan bahwa pengajar harus memperhatikan kurikulum, silabus, level kemampuan berbahasa pemelajar, dan desain pedagosis sebelum memutuskan Podcast sebagai media pembelajaran di dalam kelas
Occupational Health Risks from Combined Exposure to Welding Fumes and Cold Environment for Welders
Authors: Polyakova EM , Syurin SA
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Intensification of economic activities in the northern regions of Russia requires a better understanding of the combined health effect of cold environment and occupational risk factors. Objective: To assess the risk of developing health disorders in gas and electric welders exposed to low and normal workplace temperatures. Materials and methods: We conducted a comparative analysis of working conditions and health status of welders at two enterprises. The main cohort included 310 workers exposed to welding fumes and cold microclimate in an underground mine. The control cohort included 282 employees of a railcar manufacturing facility performing their functional duties in workshops with acceptable microclimate parameters. Results: According to the results of periodic medical examinations, 499 chronic diseases were diagnosed in welders of the main cohort against 230 among the controls. Compared to the reference cohort, underground welders were at higher risk of developing diseases of the digestive system (RR = 2.63; CI: 1.47–4.70; p = 0.0006), genitourinary (RR = 6.55; CI: 1.51–28.4; p = 0.004), musculoskeletal (RR = 1.50; CI: 1.14–1.97; p = 0.003), and nervous systems (RR = 5.29; CI 1.19–23.4; p = 0.014), skin (RR = 3.85; CI: 1.61–9.18; p = 0.001), respiratory organs (RR = 3.23; CI: 1.84–5.69; p < 0.001), as well as infectious and parasitic diseases (RR = 8.61; CI: 2.03–36.5; p = 0.0004). Thus, the number of healthy workers was smaller while the number of workers suffering from two or more chronic diseases was bigger in this cohort (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The welders working in cold environment were significantly less healthy than those working in normal workplace temperatures. The results necessitate the development of additional measures of disease prevention for this category of employees.
Trabalho de extensão como uma forma de geração de renda
Authors: Andrade Angela Leão , Amaro Rodrigo Chaves , Pessoa Letieri Fernandes , Alvarenga Meiry Edivirges
Published: October 2021

Em uma tentativa de reduzir o alto índice de desemprego, evitar a contaminação do ambiente pelo óleo residual e melhorar a autoestima, o projeto de fabricação de sabão começou a ser realizado em Ouro Preto e, posteriormente, em um distrito de Ouro Preto. Inicialmente, para atingir esses objetivos, foram ofertados cursos sobre fabricação de sabão, meio ambiente e psicologia organizacional. Com o decorrer do projeto, foram abordados ainda os temas gestão fi nanceira e empresarial. Durante o desenvolvimento do projeto, o crescimento foi de todos: dos professores, que trabalharam com demandas reais, dos alunos, que aprenderam sobre temas variados, e da comunidade, que aprendia teorias científi cas e ensinava observações práticas. Ao fi nal, o grupo de mulheres já conseguia fazer sabão e, com a venda do produto, a renda familiar e a autoestima delas aumentaram.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.35700/ca.2016.ano3n5.p44-50.2056
Sarau Literarte: a socialização da leitura e da arte
Authors: De Lima Lisiane Ferreira , Ramos Twyne Soares
Published: October 2021

O presente trabalho visa relatar a experiência com o desenvolvimento do projeto de extensão “Literarte: literatura em movimento”, que está vinculado a um projeto de maior abrangência, intitulado “Socializando a leitura”, desenvolvido pelo Instituto de Letras e Artes, da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG). O projeto envolve literatura e outras artes, como dança, desenho, fotografi a, música e teatro.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.35700/ca.2016.ano3n5.p88-92.2054
DISTRIBUIÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA DOS PROBOSCÍDEOS FÓSSEIS (PROBOSCIDEA, MAMMALIA) DO NORDESTE DO BRASIL
Authors: Cardoso Gina , Sales Viana Maria Somália , Santos Dimila Mothé Cordeiro dos , Avilla Leonardo dos Santos , Manso Sayão Juliana
Published: October 2021

Fósseis de megafauna pleistocênica na Região Nordeste do Brasil são abundantes e têm registros a partir do século XVIII, sendo os proboscídeos muito comuns entre esses megamamíferos, constituindo um dos grupos que pode ajudar em interpretações paleoambientais. Assim, realizamos um extenso levantamento bibliográfico e revisão taxonômica, com visitas a coleções científicas brasileiras que contêm fósseis desses animais, a fim de produzir informações sobre o registro de ocorrências no Nordeste. Os dados apontam essa região como a detentora de mais da metade dos registros de Proboscídeos fósseis do Brasil. Apesar disso, a revisão taxonômica mostrou que apenas 33 espécimes podem ser classificados como Notiomastodon platensis, o que representa somente 18% do total. Os depósitos fossilíferos que contêm o maior número de espécimes identificáveis são os depósitos de tanque, provavelmente não porque preservem melhor os fósseis, mas porque estão em maior número entre os tipos de depósitos que preservam megafauna no Nordeste. Destas ocorrências, duas são inéditas: Aroeira (Paraíba) e Irecê (Bahia). A ausência de materiais diagnósticos corrobora a necessidade de metodologias alternativas para complementar os dados existentes. Já os dados de georreferência aqui apresentados constituem uma ferramenta para análise de distribuição potencial do grupo de proboscídeos pleistocênicos no contexto sul-americano.
Peran Guru Aqidah Akhlak dalam Menanggulangi Kenakalan Siswa di MTs Hidayatus Sholihin Turus
Authors: Surur Agus Miftakus , Wulandari Titis Dwi , Fawzi Tanya , Shofa Adib Zaimatus
Published: October 2021

Guru memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam menanggulangi kenakalan yang terjadi pada siswa, dan berperan membentuk akhlak yang baik bagi siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab kenakalan siswa dan untuk mengetahui peran guru dalam menanggulangi kenakalan siswa kelas VIII di MTs Hidayatus Sholihin Turus (Gurah). Penelitian ini menggunakan data sebagai informasi yang lengkap dan mendalam mengenai peran guru aqidah akhlak dalam menanggulangi kenakalan siswa kelas VIII di MTs Hidayatus Sholihin Turus (Gurah) sehingga metode yang sesuai digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang mempengaruhi kenakalan siswa adalah faktor lingkungan dan pengaruh dari teman-temannya. Jenis pelanggaran yang sering dilakukan adalah merokok, membolos, dan pulang sebelum waktunya. Sementara itu guru aqidah akhlak memiliki peran dalam menanggulangi kenakalan siswa melalui proses pembelajaran dengan mengaitkan antara bab yang dipelajari dengan kehidupan sehari-hari dan bekerja sama dengan guru lainnya untuk mengambil suatu tindakan atau untuk memanggil orang tua apabila terdapat siswa yang melakukan pelanggaran cukup berat
 
Teachers have a very important role in overcoming delinquency that occurs in students, and play a role in forming good morals for students. This study aims to determine the factors causing student delinquency and to determine the teacher's role in tackling the delinquency of class VIII students at MTs Hidayatus Sholihin Turus (Gurah). This study uses data as complete and in-depth information about the role of aqidah moral teachers in overcoming delinquency in class VIII students at MTs Hidayatus Sholihin Turus (Gurah) so that the appropriate method used in this study is a qualitative method. The results showed that the factors that influence student delinquency are environmental factors and the influence of their friends. The types of violations that are often carried out are smoking, truancy, and coming home prematurely. Meanwhile, the Aqidah Morals teacher has a role in tackling student delinquency through the learning process by linking the chapters studied with everyday life and collaborating with other teachers to take an action or to call parents if there are students who commit serious violations.
TINJAUAN ETIKA BISNIS ISLAM PADA MEKANISME PENJUALAN BIBIT IKAN LELE SISTEM TIMBANGAN (Islamic Business Ethics Analysis in The Selling Mechanism of the Juvenile Catfish Weights System)
Authors: Zunaidi Arif , Febriani Elisa Fitri , Khalik Jamaludin A
Published: October 2021

Usaha budidaya ikan lele saat ini semakin variatif. sejalan dengan kemajuan zaman dan teknologi, prinsipnya cenderung menggunakan lahan seminimal mungkin agar mendapatkan hasil yang maksimal. Dalam praktiknya, ada model jual beli bibit lele yang menggunakan timbangan. Penelitian mengunakan metode kualitatif dengan metode observasi untuk melihat fakta yang terjadi di lapangan. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan menggunakan metode analisis penelitian deskriptif. Tujuan Penelitian untuk megetahui bagaimana praktik jual beli bibit ikan lele sistem timbangan dalam perspektif Etika Bisnis Islam. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa Praktik jual beli bibit ikan lele yang terjadi di Dusun Tawang ini jika dilihat dari segi ketauhidan sebenarnya telah memenuhi rukun dan syarat dalam jual beli. Dalam kaitannnya dengan etika bisnis islampun tidak ada pelanggaran berat. Namun dalam prosesnya masih ada kecurangan yang dilakukan pembeli yaitu menimbang dengan tidak adil. Selebihnya sudah sesuai dengan etika bisnis islam.

Catfish farming is currently increasingly varied. In line with the advancement of times and technology, the principle tends to use as little land as possible in order to get maximum results. In practice, there is a model for selling catfish seeds that uses scales. This research uses qualitative methods with observational methods to see the facts that occur in the field. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive research analysis method. The research objective was to find out how to practice selling catfish seeds with a weighing system in the perspective of Islamic Business Ethics. The results of the study revealed that the practice of buying and selling catfish seeds that occurred in Tawang, when viewed from the perspective of monotheism, actually fulfilled the pillars and requirements in buying and selling. In relation to Islamic business ethics, it is not heavy. However, in the process there is still fraud committed by buyers, namely weighing unfairly. The rest is in accordance with Islamic business ethics.