bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Türkmenistan Mary (Marı-Merv) Vilayeti ve Çevresinde Doğumla İlgili İnanışlar ve Uygulamalar
Authors: Polat Bayram , Meredov Rahym
Published: August 2021

Araştırmada, Türkmenistan’ın Mary Vilayeti ve çevresindeki doğumla ilgili inanış ve uygulamaların Türk kültürünün bir parçası olduğu varsayılarak, bu inanış ve uygulamaların literatüre kazandırılması ve gelecek nesillere aktarılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışma bir alan araştırması olup; gözlem, soru-cevap, yüz yüze görüşme ve deskriptif (nitelendirici) yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada; Türkmenistan’ın Mary (Marı-Merv) Vilayeti ve çevresi geçiş ritüellerinden biri olan doğumla ilgili inanış ve uygulamalar incelenmiştir. Araştırma Mary Vilayeti ve çevresi ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Bu sebeple Türkmenistan’ın diğer vilayetleri araştırma dışında tutulmuştur. Ancak Türkmenistan dışında yaşayan Mary nüfusuna kayıtlı kişilerin görüşlerine de başvurulmuştur. Araştırmanın giriş kısmında Türkmen tarihi hakkında kısa bir bilgilendirme yapılmış; araştırmanın konusu, amacı ve yönteminden bahsedilmiştir. Araştırmanın gelişme kısmında ise doğum ile ilgili inanışlar ve uygulamalar ele alınmış, doğum öncesi, doğum sırası ve doğum sorası inanış ve uygulamalar incelenmiştir. Bu sebeple doğum öncesi inanışlar ve uygulamalar; kısırlığı giderme- gebe kalma, gebelikten korunma, sağlıklı doğum, aşerme, çocuğun cinsiyetinin belirlenmesi, doğum hazırlığı ve doğum aşamalarında yapılan inanış ve uygulamalardan oluşmaktadır. Doğum esnasında yapılan uygulamalar ise çocuğun göbeği ve eşi ile ilgili uygulamalardır. Doğum sonrası lohusalık, kırklama, ad verme, ilk diş çıkarma, ilk saç kesme ve sünnet ile ilgili uygulamaları oluşturmaktadır. Mary Vilayeti ve çevresindeki inanış ve uygulamalara göz atıldığında doğum öncesi uygulamalar daha çok anne ile ilgili iken, doğum sonrası uygulamalar anne ve çocuk ile ilgilidir.
Kent ortamının mutenalaştırılması: Sahabiye örneği
Authors: Kozacıoğlu Sıla
Published: August 2021

Kentin tarihsel süreci içinde önem taşıyan belli kentsel mekanlar, toplum içinde daha iyi şartlarda yaşayan ve beyaz yakalılar olarak adlandırılan bireyler için merkezileşmenin en gözde yerleridir. Kentsel mekanların soylulaştırılması sürecinde ekonomik şartlarda değişeceği için bir nevi arındırılmış olan kent, ortaya çıkan merkezileşme arzusuna imkân sağlayarak toplumsal sınıf kavramına yeni bir boyut kazandırmıştır. Böylelikle değişen ve merkezileşen kent mekanları yüksek gelirli bireyler için uygun ortam sunarken; dar gelirli bireyler için kendi yaşamlarını kentin yaşamına adapte etme mecburiyeti kılmıştır. Yani kentin mutenalaştırılması, kendine birtakım politikaları benimseyerek ‘kentsel dönüşüm’ adı altında; seçmiş olduğu mekanları arındırmayı kendine amaç edinmiş ve sonunda kentin eski sahiplerine yaşayabilecekleri alan bırakmamıştır. Bu bağlamda çalışma, Kayseri Sahabiye Mahallesi’nde 2015 yılında başlanılan kentsel dönüşüm proje sürecini ve sonuçlarını, kapitalizm ve kentin mutenalaştırılması olgusu ile ilişkili bir şekilde incelemektedir. Çalışmaya ait bulgu toplama süreci gözlem ve derinlemesine görüşme yöntemleri kullanılarak gerçekleşmiştir. Araştırmanın amacı ise; Sahabiye Mahallesi kentsel dönüşüm projesinin işleyiş süreci ve sonuçları ile kentin mutenalaştırılması, kapitalizm, yabancılaşma ve yerinden edilme gibi olgular arasında anlamlı bir bağ bulunduğu ve bu bağın toplumsal sınıfların yeniden inşasına etkisinin boyutunu ortaya çıkarmaktır.
Türkiye’nin Yeniden Asya Açılımının Türk Dış Ticaretine Yönelik Fırsatlar ve Riskler Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Deveci Şule , Güllü İlhan
Published: August 2021

Seksenli yıllardan bu yana hız kazanan küreselleşme sürecinin ülkelere, siyasi, iktisadi ve kültürel hedeflerini gerçekleştirme yolunda büyük fırsatlar sunduğu açıktır. Ülkeler siyasi iktisadi veya güvenlik amaçlı entegrasyonlara dâhil olmakta veya çeşitli açılımlar gerçekleştirerek manevra alanlarını genişletmek istemektedirler. ‘Yeniden Asya Açılımı’ bu çerçevede Türkiye’ye tarihi ve kültürel bağlarını güçlendirmenin yanında, önemli aktörlerin bulunduğu geniş bir nüfuz alanında birtakım riskler ve fırsatlar sunmaktadır. Özelde Şanghay İşbirliği Örgütü üyeleri, genelde ise art bölgelerindeki güçler dikkate alındığında etnik, dini, siyasi, iktisadi çeşitlilikten oluşan geniş bir yelpaze söz konusu olmaktadır. Bu durum, Türkiye’nin bölgedeki menfaatleri açısından risk teşkil edebileceği gibi uygun stratejiler geliştirilmesi halinde avantajlar da sunabilecek niteliktedir. Burada ‘Yeniden Asya Açılımı’ Şanghay İşbirliği Örgütü ülkeleriyle olan ticari ilişkiler özelinde Türkiye-Asya bölgesi geneline taşınacak; yapılabilirliği tartışılacaktır
Protestan Reformunun Meydana Gelmesinde Etkili Olan Dini Faktörler
Authors: Parlak Abdulkadir
Published: August 2021

Avrupa insanı özellikle Orta Çağ’ın sonlarında veba salgını, kıtlık, savaşlar ve yüksek vergiler gibi ağır yüklerin altında ezilmekteydi. Ekonomik ve sosyal yönden zaten çok kötü durumda olan bu insanlar bir de Katolik kilisesi din adamları tarafından dini yönden sömürülmekte ve baskıya maruz kalmaktaydı. Kilisenin din adına olduğunu iddia ettiği endüljans, engizisyon ve aforoz uygulamaları tamamen sömürü ve baskı aracına dönüşmüştü. Din adamlarının bu uygulamaları Martin Luther’in 95 maddelik manifestosunda eleştirdiği konuların en başında gelmekteydi. Buradan hareketle Protestan reformunun gerçekleşmesinde dini faktörlerin etkisinin oldukça fazla olduğunu rahatlıkla söyleyebiliriz. Bu makalede Katolik kilisesinin din adına yaptığını iddia ettiği uygulamaların reformun meydana gelmesindeki etkileri ele alınacaktır. Konunun daha iyi anlaşılması adına Katolik kilisesinin Kutsal Kitap’a ve Hz. İsa’ya dayandığını iddia ettiği otoritesine ana hatlarıyla yer verilecektir. Ayrıca endüljans belgeleri, engizisyon mahkemeleri ve aforoz uygulamalarının ortaya çıkışı ve bu uygulamaların reformun oluşumuna nasıl zemin hazırladıkları konusu üzerinde durulacaktır. Reformun meydana gelmesinde ekonomik, toplumsal, siyasi ve dini birçok sebep olmakla birlikte bu makalede sadece dini altyapıya yer verilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada dini faktörlerin Protestan reformunun meydana gelmesinde başat rol oynadığı sonucu ön plana çıkmaktadır. Fakat tek etken olarak dini faktörleri zikretmek yetersiz olacaktır. Özellikle XIV. ve XV. yüzyılda Avrupa’nın sosyal, siyasi ve ekonomik durumu farklı çalışmalarda ele alınarak reformun ortaya çıkış sürecinin daha iyi anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunulabilir.
Occupational Health and Job Satisfaction Assessment of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Drivers
Authors: Samerei Alireza , Aghabayk Kayvan , Soltani Alireza
Published: August 2021

Several studies have focused on ergonomics of commercial and urban bus drivers; however, there exists a dearth of research on BRT drivers. This study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting the BRT drivers' mental health and satisfaction. The study was carried out on 171 BRT drivers in Tehran, Iran. The required data were collected through two questionnaires. The Classification and Regression Tree (CART) and Hierarchical clustering (HC) was used to extract factors affecting mental health and satisfaction of BRT drivers. The important factors affecting BRT drivers' mental health were: dispute with passengers, depression, BMI, criminal behaviours of passengers, driver's retirement conditions, driver's family conditions, fatigue and the rostering. In addition, the most important factors affecting driver satisfaction were: bus repairs, driver's seat and the sound inside the cabin. Possible practical application includes: creating a counseling and psychotherapy unit and improving the quality of buses and repairment.
Study on the effect of water contents on the formation of nanostructured porphyrins via self-assembly and their application for the degradation of organic dyes
Authors: Nguyen Tuan Anh  , Le Dinh Khiem  , Tran Thi Nhu Quynh  , Truong Ngoc Tuan  , Ninh Duc Ha  , Nguyen Thi Hoai Phuong  , Nguyen Thi Hong Phuong  , Tran Dai Lam  , La Duc Duong
Published: August 2021

In this work, the THF/H2O mixture was employed to synthesize the nanostrucuted 5,10,15,20-tetra(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) porphyrin (TTOP) via solvophobic self-assembly. The resultant porphyrin nanomaterial was characterized using photoluminescence (PL), UV-vis spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The prepared self-assembled porphyrin was in structures of rod-like, cubic-lik, and particles forms. These porphyrin crystals showed high photocatalytic performance for the degradation of RhB under simulated sunlight irradiation, especially with the porphyrin crystal formed with the water fraction of 80 and 90%.
Photocatalytic activity of Ag-Ag3PO4/Cellulose aerogel composite for degradation of dye pollutants under visible light irradiation
Authors: Nguyen Thi Hoa  , Nguyen Trung Tien  , Le Hong Phong  , Vu Van Tai  , Pham Xuan Nui
Published: August 2021

In this research, Ag-Ag3PO4/Cellulose aerogel composite was synthesized using hydrothermal reduction and freeze-drying methods. By combining the photocatalytic activity of the semiconductor Ag-Ag3PO4 and cellulose aerogel synthesized from agricultural waste sources, the synthesized Ag-Ag3PO4/Cellulose aerogel composite has overcome the disadvantages of pure Ag3PO4 and significantly improved the photocatalytic activity. Structural characteristics, morphology, surface area of the materials were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), N2 adsorption-desorption and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS) methods. From the obtained results, composite has narrow bandgap energy (2.275 eV) and excellent catalytic performance in the photodegradation of dye pollutants (99% MB and 77% RY 145 degraded after 4 h, and only a minor change in the efficiency observed after four consecutive tests). It  demonstrates the development of new catalysts made from agricultural waste sources that show high stability, ease of fabrication and can operate in natural light for environmental remediation.
Study of removal Chrome (III) using Calcium Silicate Hydrate (CSH) synthesized from rice hush and CaO by hydrothermal method
Authors: Pham Trung Kien  , Nguyen Huynh Minh Ngoc  , Le Huynh Tuyet Anh
Published: August 2021

The Calcium Silicate Hydrate (CSH) family mineral such as Xonotlite (X), Tobermorite (T) was synthesized by hydrothermal method using rice hush and CaO as the Si and Ca supplier. The rice hush (RH) was burnt inside the furnace at 500oC for 2hrs to obtain the rice hush ash (RHA), then mixing with CaO with the Ca/Si 1.0, and hydrothermal treatment at 110oC for 24h to obtain Xonotlite and Tobermorite mineral with micropore structure (coded as CSH-110/24). The CSH 110/24 samples were used to remove Chrome (III) in 2,4 and 6 hours, with fast removal phenomena. This research can be applied in metallurgy industry such as removal Chrome (III) during the Chrome-coating process.
IS FOREIGNNESS A SOURCE OF COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE IN THE BRAZILIAN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY?
Authors: Monteiro Ricardo Itapema de Castro , Sheng Hsia Hua
Published: August 2021

During the first decade of the 21st century, the accelerated growth of the pharmaceutical market in Brazil attracted investments from multinational pharmaceutical companies. National companies followed this investment trend, and the industry matured, and competition intensified. However, companies that operate in a foreign, new environment, driven by unfamiliar competitive forces encounter additional costs to operate. Using data from 2011 to 2016, this study employs panel data methodology with fixed effects using a sample of twenty-two pharmaceutical companies, eleven Brazilian subsidiaries of multinationals and eleven national companies, with the objective to investigate whether foreign companies operating in Brazil incur a liability of foreignness (LOF), which refers to these additional operating costs. This study contributes to the literature by evaluating the impact of Liability of Foreignness on working capital and profitability in the pharmaceutical sector. Our findings suggest that MNEs have a competitive disadvantage in inventory management compared to local companies.
REFLEXOS DA PANDEMIA DA COVID-19 NOS INDICADORES ECONÔMICO-FINANCEIROS DE EMPRESAS DO SETOR DE PRODUTOS DE HIGIENE E LIMPEZA LISTADAS NA B3
Authors: Costa Laura Brandão , Pereira Iasmim Fonseca , De Lima Janaína Aparecida
Published: August 2021

No início do ano de 2020 houve o surto da pandemia da covid-19, a qual se trata de uma infecção respiratória altamente contagiosa, recomendando-se assim, o distanciamento social e a constante higienização para reprimir a disseminação do vírus causador da doença. Frente a isso, o objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar os impactos da pandemia nos indicadores econômico-financeiro das empresas do setor de produtos de higiene e limpeza listadas na B3, considerando fabricam produtos essenciais para conter a doença através da higienização pessoal e de objetos. O estudo possui abordagem quali-quantitativa, de natureza descritiva e procedimentos documentais. Através da análise dos indicadores de liquidez, estrutura de capital e rentabilidade das empresas Bombril S.A. e da Natura Cosméticos S.A., entre os períodos do primeiro trimestre de 2019 ao terceiro período de 2020, verificou-se que a pandemia refletiu positivamente nos relatórios financeiros de ambas as empresas, sendo perceptível o aumento considerável da receita líquida de vendas com a maximização da produção e vendas de itens essenciais neste momento, como álcool em gel, sabonetes e higienizadores. Além disso, as empresas apontam capacidade de cumprir seus compromissos, mas têm utilizado fonte de capital de terceiros para maximizar liquidez. As companhias ainda demonstram preocupações e medidas para que impactos da pandemia não afetem diretamente seus desempenhos financeiros e operacionais.
DEVELOPING ALGORITHMS FOR AUTOMATING THE PROCESSES OF FORMING THE OPTIMAL STRUCTURAL COMPOSITION OF PRODUCTION - TECHNOLOGICAL MODULES
Authors:   Tashkent State Technical University, Mamajanov Alisher , Nabiyev Sarvar ,   Tashkent State Technical University
Published: August 2021

In this research, we developed appropriate algorithms for the formation of the optimal structural composition of production - technological modules (PTM) based on the automation of the processes of determining and ensuring the functional-parametric compatibility (FPC) of their components. These algorithms are based on the developed mathematical models on the basis of the use of analytical methods for implementing the interconnection between the main components of the PTM.
A ROSA É UMA ROSA É UMA ROSA? Um livro, um filme, uma série e a pluralidade de sentidos e possibilidades da arte narrativa a partir da obra de Umberto Eco
Authors: Maia Eduardo César
Published: August 2021

Um livro, um filme, uma série e a pluralidade de sentidos e possibilidades da arte narrativa a partir da obra de Umberto Eco
Salgado
Authors: Mendes Dyego , Moura Luiza
Published: August 2021

Salgado é uma narrativa visual com a proposição de imersão em meio dia de trabalho dos funcionários de uma facção de jeans em Caruaru, no Agreste pernambucano. O ensaio foi produzido no ano de 2021 para a disciplina de Produção Editorial. É composto por uma série de fotografias que percorrem parte da rotina desse microcosmo industrial, onde o trabalho é custoso, barulhento, de um azul desgastado pelas máquinas. A exaustão é dissolvida pela soma entre produção e autonomia, cujo resultado dessa equação são os centavos a mais no final do mês. Nas imagens, há uma predominância de corpos adaptados a movimentos repetitivos e insalubres escamoteados pela necessidade, que a máquina do capital impõe.
Ver e Narrar: verbos para fotolivros
Authors: Bracchi Daniela Nery
Published: August 2021

Examinamos neste artigo duas perspectivas que podem ser empregadas para a compreensão dos fotolivros e as discutimos em relação às publicações que tratam da fotopintura e do álbum de família. Enquanto o ponto de vista da visualidade interroga a forma visível do retrato pintado em continuidade com outras linguagens artísticas, o entendimento das práticas sociais que estabelecem os usos e circulação das imagens dos álbuns da família faz parte de uma abordagem potente para nos aproximarmos desses materiais.
The promotion of post level one educators to secondary school principalships in the Durban South region : problems and solutions
Authors:   , Moodley Vinita
Published: August 2021

The role of the principal is critical in ensuring that schools run efficiently and effectively. It is for this reason that an incumbent for the post of principal obtains the necessary experience in all aspects of management to fulfill this role. Prior to 1994, applicants were promoted strictly according to hierarchical ranking, that is, a Level One educator was promoted first to head of department, then to deputy principal and thereafter to the position of a principal. This ensured that by the time educators became principals they had acquired, through experience, the necessary management skills to run their schools.
The development, use and evaluation of self instruction material for the numerical methods section of Mathematics II as taught to Technikon students
Authors:   , Hunter William Gerard
Published: August 2021

Die voorbereiding van hierdie tesis behels die inagneming van algemene en spesifieke faktore (Hoofstuk 1) wat gelei het tot navorsing in self-onderrig in 'n komponent van technikon wiskunde II asook 'n ondersoek van vier algemene doelwitte, naamlik
An examination of the fundraising duties of public school principals and governing body chairpersons in three schools in the Newlands West Circuit in the KwaMashu District
Authors:   , Perumal Poobalan
Published: August 2021

The provincial education departments in South Africa pay the salaries of educators who are appointed by them. A school governing body pays for all other routine expenses incurred in the operation of a school and the employment of staff. Staff not employed by the provincial education department are paid from its school fund, which is subsidised by the state. This subsidy is based on the Norms and Standards for School Funding (South African Schools' Act No. 84 of 1996), which was implemented in January 2000. It provides for the poorest of schools (numbering approximately 40 % of all public school in Kwazulu-Natal) to receive 60 % of the funds allocated for the operational needs of the schools in Kwazulu-Natal.
A study of the perceptions of single adult females with respect to retail eveningwear in shopping mall chain stores in the Durban metropolitan area
Authors:   , Hiraman Tamara
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the eveningwear preferences of single women (unmarried, divorced, widowed), between the ages of 25 and 40, who live/work in the Durban Metropolitan area. This study aimed to uncover the factors that influence the eveningwear purchase decisions of single women in the hope of proposing practical changes in retail eveningwear design. These influences were investigated in the light of social-psychological factors and centred on the concept of dress as a phenomenon of visual communication.
The management of HIV/AIDS in secondary public schools in South Africa : an overview of policy
Authors:   , Nair Eugene John Gilbert
Published: August 2021

As the HIV/AIDS epidemic in South Africa accelerates, HIV sero-prevalence studies report increasing risk among young people in the general population. These young people are found predominantly in schools. It is for this reason that the researcher embarked on this study. The emphasis of the study is to evaluate the management of HIV/AIDS in secondary public schools in South Africa, particularly, an overview of the policy
IN VIVO AND IN VITRO STUDIES ON MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SEPTORIA LYCOPERSICI CAUSING LEAF SPOT DISEASE IN TOMATO
Authors: . Aabid , Ashraf Sabiha , Malik Hilal A. , Zargar Rakshanda , Nagoo Shaheena A. , Buhroo Z. I. , Yousuf Vaseema , Bashir Masarat
Published: August 2021

Septoria lycopersici responsible for Septoria leaf spot disease was observed on the leaves of tomato. Septoria lycopersici was isolated and completion of Koch’s postulates confirmed that the fungus was causal agent of the leaf spot disease. The fungus was cultured on potato dextrose agar medium. The fungus was very slow growing with 8-12 mm radial growth as recorded after 30 days of incubation. The fungus produced off white, irregular, hardened blackish mycelial growth oozing spore mass from pycnidia. Pycnidia were dark brown to black, globose to sub globose, ostiolated and thick walled. Pycnidiospores were filiform, straight with pointed to rounded ends.
BEST PRACTICE MENGEMBANGKAN KOMPETENSI SPIRITUAL KKG PAI MELALUI KAJIAN AL- QUR’AN
Authors: MARDIYATUN MARDIYATUN
Published: August 2021

Pengalaman terbaik ini berawal dari kegiatan rutinitas KKG Pendidikan Agama Islam yang dilaksanakan satu bulan sekali sejak tahun 2017. Kegiatan ini  terkesan jalan ditempat. Kegiatan yang monoton membuat kebosanan sehingga menurunnya daya tarik untuk aktif di dalamnya. Sebagai salah satu  upaya untuk mengembangkan ruh  spiritual kegiatan KKG, maka kegiatan tersebut diawali melalui kajian al-Qur’an. Harapan dari kajian al- Qur’an ini kompetensi religius GPAI semakin meningkat. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan best practice ini ialah  dengan dikriptif kualitatif dimana data yang diungkapkan dan dijelaskan secara obyektif. Mengenai langkah-langkah yang dilakukan dalam kajian ini adalah pertama membaca dengan taril diurutkan dari yang pertama kali datang sampai terakhir dengan masing-masing  dua ayat.  kedua menguarikan hukum bacaan pada ayat terakhir.  ketiga mengartika perkata menuju per ayat kemudian mengeplosari isi kandungan dari ayat terahkir. Hasil yang dapat dimafaatkan dari kajian al-Qur’an tersebut  guru aktif hadir dan semakin lancar dalam membaca mengartikan arti perkata per ayat dan mampu menggali isi kandungannya. Langkah seperti ini juga ditiru oleh guru  ketika melaksakan KBM di kelas. Mereka para guru mengakui efektifitas dan mampu menambah kompetensi religius sebagai guru PAI.
Aerosol formation and growth rates from chamber experiments using Kalman smoothing
Authors: Ozon Matthew , Stolzenburg Dominik , Dada Lubna , Seppänen Aku , Lehtinen Kari E. J.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Bayesian state estimation in the form of Kalman smoothing was applied to
differential mobility analyser train (DMA-train) measurements of aerosol
size distribution dynamics. Four experiments were analysed in order to
estimate the aerosol size distribution, formation rate, and size-dependent
growth rate, as functions of time. The first analysed case was a synthetic
one, generated by a detailed aerosol dynamics model and the other three
chamber experiments performed at the CERN CLOUD facility. The estimated
formation and growth rates were compared with other methods used earlier for
the CLOUD data and with the true values for the computer-generated synthetic
experiment. The agreement in the growth rates was very good for all studied
cases: estimations with an earlier method fell within the uncertainty limits
of the Kalman smoother results. The formation rates also matched well,
within roughly a factor of 2.5 in all cases, which can be considered very
good considering the fact that they were estimated from data given by two
different instruments, the other being the particle size magnifier (PSM),
which is known to have large uncertainties close to its detection limit. The
presented fixed interval Kalman smoother (FIKS) method has clear advantages
compared with earlier methods that have been applied to this kind of data.
First, FIKS can reconstruct the size distribution between possible size gaps
in the measurement in such a way that it is consistent with aerosol size
distribution dynamics theory, and second, the method gives rise to direct
and reliable estimation of size distribution and process rate uncertainties
if the uncertainties in the kernel functions and numerical models are known.
N2 fixation in the Mediterranean Sea related to the composition of the diazotrophic community, and impact of dust under present and future environmental conditions
Authors: Ridame Céline , Dinasquet Julie , Hallstrøm Søren , Bigeard Estelle , Riemann Lasse , Van Wambeke France , Bressac Matthieu , Pulido-Villena Elvira , Taillandier Vincent , Gazeau Frederic , Tover-Sanchez Antonio , Baudoux Anne-Claire , Guieu Cécile
Published: August 2021

Abstract. N2 fixation rates were measured in the 0–1000 m layer at 13 stations located in the open western and central Mediterranean Sea (MS) during the PEACETIME cruise (late spring 2017). While the spatial variability of N2 fixation was not related to Fe, P nor N stocks, the surface composition of the diazotrophic community indicated a strong eastward increasing longitudinal gradient for the relative abundance of non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs (NCD) (mainly γ-Proteobacteria) and conversely eastward decreasing for UCYN-A (mainly -A1 and -A3) as did N2 fixation rates. UCYN-A4 and A3 were identified for the first time in the MS. The westernmost station influenced by Atlantic waters, and characterized by highest stocks of N and P, displayed a patchy distribution of diazotrophic activity with an exceptionally high rate in the euphotic layer of 72.1 nmol N L−1 d−1, which could support up to 19 % of primary production. At this station at 1 %PAR depth, UCYN-A4 represented up to 94 % of the diazotrophic community. These in situ observations of higher UCYN-A relative abundance in nutrient rich stations while NCD increased in the more oligotrophic stations, suggest that the nutrient conditions could determine the composition of the diazotrophic communities and in turn the N2 fixation rates. The impact of Saharan dust deposition on N2 fixation and diazotrophic communities was also investigated, under present and future projected conditions of temperature and pH during short term (3–4 days) experiments at three stations. New nutrients from simulated dust deposition triggered a significant stimulation of N2 fixation (from 41 % to 565 %). The strongest increase in N2 fixation was observed at the stations dominated by NCD and did not lead on this short time scale to change in the diazotrophic community composition. Under projected future conditions, N2 fixation was either exacerbated or unchanged, in that later case this was probably due to a too low nutrient bioavailability or an increased grazing pressure. The future warming and acidification likely benefited NCD (Pseudomonas) and UCYN-A2 while disadvantaged UCYN-A3 without knowing which effect (alone or in combination) is the driver, especially since we do not know the temperature optima of these species not yet cultivated as well as the effect of acidification.
Flood and drought risk assessment for agricultural areas (Tagus Estuary, Portugal)
Authors: Freire Paula , Rodrigues Marta , Fortunato André B. , Freitas Alberto
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Estuaries are coastal systems particularly vulnerable to climate change. Within these systems, agriculture is one of the most potentially affected
sectors. This paper proposes a risk assessment approach for helping the decision-making process at a local level, addressing two risks that affect
agricultural areas located in estuarine margins: the unavailability of freshwater for irrigation resulting from the upstream propagation of
estuarine brackish water during droughts and land inundation by high water levels associated with high tides and storm surges. For each risk,
quantitative consequence descriptors are proposed to support risk level determination and evaluation through a continuous consequence–probability
diagram. The approach applicability is discussed through its application to the Lezíria Grande de Vila Franca de Xira, located in the Tagus
Estuary (Portugal). Results indicate that the approach is appropriate to support risk owners in taking actions to mitigate the risk. Examples of
risk control measures for the risks addressed are presented. The main strengths of the proposed approach are its flexibility to be adapted to local conditions and updated through time, as well as the ease of its application by the risk owner.
STUDY CYTOTOXICITY, ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY, AND COMPOSITIONS BY FT-IR AND GC-MS FOR ORGANIC EXTRACT OF WHITE IRAQI DESERT TRUFFLE TIRMANIA NIVEA
Authors: HACHIM Ahmad khadem , HATEET Rashid Rahim , MUHSIN Tawfik Muhammad
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the present work aimed at exploring the potential biochemical components and biological activities of an organic extract of the white truffle Tirmania nivea collected from the Iraqi desert, then test the organic extract against the Cytotoxicity on Human Larynx carcinoma cells and selected strains of pathogenic bacteria. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry GC/MSS were used to analyze mycochemical compositions. The antibacterial activity and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was investigated using a disk diffusion agar method. The truffle extract's cytotoxicity effect against the larynx cell line (Hep-2) was assessed by the MTT assay (in vitro). FTIR results provided the presence of phenol, carboxylic acid, and alkane's functional group, The GC-MS analysis of T. nivea disclose the existence of nineteen compounds that can contribute to the pharmaceutical properties of the truffle. As for antibacterial activity result, A growth inhibition activity of truffle extract at (18-40 mm inhibition zones) against the tested pathogenic bacterial strains was detected, which minimum inhibitory concentration values ranged from 3.12 to 6.25 mg/mL for Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) Respectively. The results of cytotoxicity shown that the organic truffle extract exhibited a high inhibitory rate (52.685%) against cell line (Hep-2) at a concentration of 1.56 ?g/mL. In this work, the results showed that the organic extracts of T. nivea are very promising as cancer cytotoxicity and antibacterial agent for future medical applications.
Impact Study on Health Beyond Bar Extension Services of the Bataan Peninsula State University College of Nursing and Midwifery
Authors: S. Ruby , C.S. Roberto
Published: August 2021

Health Beyond Bar (HBB) is 4-year project aimed to help persons deprived of liberty (PDLs) at Bataan District Jail in Balanga to improve health conditions and situations through provision of health service and health education. A medical clinic was established in 2015 under the auspices of the College of Nursing and Midwifery and financial assistance from Bataan Governor and Department of Health. To assess the impact and determine objectives attainment, the study delved on: What is the level of increment of trained and educated PDLs in the HBB program? What are the health problems managed from the period of 2019 to 2020? What is the prevalence rate of communicable diseases managed from the period of 2017 to 2020? Are there significant differences in the prevalence rate of communicable diseases managed in the facility? Records review and data scrutiny were used. A consistent percentage increment of trained PDLs creating an impact in their health conditions was observed. Number of trainings conducted in 2018 compared to other years also have increased. Eight common health problems were managed by the clinic and a considerable increase in the number of these were managed in the clinic. Prevalence of Tuberculosis and Sexually Transmitted Diseases have considerably declined. An erratic prevalence in skin disease was observed. Likewise, it’s prevalence was noted to be significant, while the rest of the health conditions were not significantly different. A new strategy of implementation of Health Education Session and Training may be adopted where offerings may be done on a two-week cycle per quarterly. A more innovative delivery of training programs may improve the numbers and retention of information shared. A robust approach to health education related to skin disease may be devised. Lastly, the Medical Clinic may use creative information drive in compliance and monitoring of prevalent health conditions.
Prevalence of Burnout Syndrome among Clinical Nurses Working at State Hospital, Ijaye, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: J.O. Sodimu , O. Ngozi , O.O. Fadipe , O.T. Mosuro
Published: August 2021

Even though burnout syndrome is detected in professionals from various areas, prevalence is particularly high in service and care workers, especially health and care ones. Among those, nurses have been the subject of several studies, because they experience constant stressful labour situations, working in direct contact with patients who have different expectations and degrees of suffering. It is, therefore, necessary to conduct a study to determine the prevalence of the symptoms of burnout among nurses in hospitals in an effort to anticipate the negative impact of burnout on hospital nursing services. Consequently, this study aims to determine the level, knowledge and prevention among clinical nurses. A descriptive design was adopted for this study which was conducted in State Hospital, Ijaye, Abeokuta. A total of 100 respondents were used for the study, a stratified sampling technique was used to select the participants. A modified, structured, closed-ended questionnaire was used. Analysis was presented in tables, charts and percentages. Nearly all the causes listed in the questionnaire were seen as factors causing burnout in clinical nurses (99% of working long hours). 96%: from patients and families. Furthermore, it was found out that the majority of the nurses agreed to items listed in the questionnaire as things a nurse can do to prevent burnout, establishing social support; 94%, set goals for self; 99% etc. This implies that the majority of the nurses know what they can do to prevent burnout. Aside from free study grants, job opportunities that are most likely to attract young people, what can be done to retain nurses are to improve job satisfaction, patient safety, quality of health care and quality of life for both nurses and patients.
The Unknown Woman: Protecting Her Womanity as a Sine Qua Non to Preserving the Family Unit in Nigeria
Authors: Yusuf T.A.
Published: August 2021

The family unit is the basic unit of society and same cannot (literally speaking) be birthed without the woman or its foundation concretized without her nurture. However, it seems from happenings in the Nigerian society that the Nigerian woman is faced with some challenges that endangers her well-being, her role as a vessel of demographic growth and her indispensable nurturing function in the home. Many of these challenges appear to be caused by the masculine gender. Though and sadly so in some cases as would be shown anon, women themselves are the harbinger of some of these problems. Canvassing the emancipation of the woman has been the focus of many female gender rights activists and this paper aims to contribute to same vide an examination of the challenges that face the female folk in Nigeria and in extension the family unit with its negative effects on the larger society from a social cum legal perspective or discourse. The spectrum of this discourse will traverse issues like abandonment, effects of superstitious belief in witchcraft, death in the course of earning a living, break-up of the family unit due to meddlesomeness of third parties, sexual violence against women and alleged complicity of law enforcement agents in shielding its perpetrators and a host of other varied issues.
OVERCOMING DIFFERENT SITES IN MIDDLE DISTANCE
Authors: Smbatyan Vardan , Kosakyan A. V.
Published: August 2021

Middle distance running is one of the most popular event of athletics, as it is not long as long-distance running and not as fast as sprint. Middle distance running is distinguished by high speeds, competently combined with tactics and technics. To achieve high results in the above disciplines of athletics, it is necessary to be able to control the entire process of passing the distance, to change the technique in conditions of increased oxygen starvation and body fatigue. According to various experts, in order to achieve high results in running at medium distances, it is necessary to run it evenly, at a pre-planned pace.
PENGARUH RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN PSIKOLOGIS PENDERITA TB PARU DI UPTD PUSKESMAS PUHJARAK KEDIRI
Authors: Firdausi Nugrahaeni
Published: August 2021

Pendahuluan: Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) merupakan agenda pembangunan dunia yang bertujuan untuk kesejahteraan manusia dan planet bumi. Program END-TB adalah salah satu program yang dicanangkan oleh Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Pasien dengan TB Paru yang sedang menjalani terapi obat anti tuberkulosis dapat menimbulkan dampak bagi kesehatan fisik dan kesejahteraan psikologis yang merupakan salah satu domain dari kualitas hidup. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian quasy experiment dengan pendekatan pretest-posttest non randomized control group design. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Sepuluh sampel yang didapatkan, di UPTD Puskesmas Puhjarak Kediri dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, 5 sampel kelompok perlakuan dan 5 sampel kelompok kontrol. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah kesejahteraan psikologis, dan variabel dependennya adalah Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kelompok perlakuan di UPTD Puskesmas Puhjarak Kediri, terdapat peningkatan kesejahteraan psikologis pada saat pretest dan posttest. Nilai kesejahteraan psikologis kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol saat pretest menunjukkan p=1,000. Nilai kesejahteraan psikologis kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol saat posttest menunjukkan p=0,050. Pada kelompok perlakuan di UPTD Puskesmas Puhjarak Kediri terdapat peningkatan kesejahteraan psikologis setelah posttest, yaitu p=0,046. Diskusi: Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikologis penderita TB Paru, namun nilai kesejahteraan psikologis dapat dipengaruhi oleh pendidikan dan status pekerjaan responden. Saran untuk penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan dapat melakukan pengendalian yang ketat pada lingkungan responden penelitian sehingga memberikan hasil yang maksimal.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG STIMULASI PERKEMBANGAN DENGAN PERKEMBANGAN PERSONAL SOSIAL PADA ANAK
Authors: Kusuma wardhani Ratih
Published: August 2021

ABSTRAK

Perkembangan sosial merupakan proses belajar anak dalam menyesuaikan diri dengan norma, moral dan tradisi dalam sebuah kelompok. Perkembangan sosial menjadi salah satu hal penting bagi proses pertumbuhan anak. Oleh karena itu, pengetahuan ibu diperlukan sebagai dorongan untuk menumbuhkan rasa percaya diri anak, sehingga anak akan lebih mandiri dan proses personal sosialnya menjadi baik. Tujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan ibu tentang stimulasi dengan perkembangan personal sosial pada anak

Metode Desain penelitian menggunakan desain penelitian Analitik Korelasional dengan pendekatan crosssectional. Jumlah sampel 41 anak responden yang dipilih dengan teknik Purposive sampling dimana pengambilan sampel sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan ibu tentang stimulasi dan observasi untuk perkembangan personal sosial pada anak. Metode analisa data yang digunakan yaitu  spearmen rank dengan menggunakan SPPS.

Hasil analisis dengan nilai spearman rho 0,653 dengan uji signifikan (ρ)  0,000 , dengan tingkat kesalahan 5% (0,05), dengan demikian ρ < α maka Ho ditolak dan H1 diterima, artinya ada hubungan pengetahuan ibu tentang stimulasi dengan perkembangan personal sosial pada anak.

Kesimpulan dan Saran Diharapkan petugas kesehatan dapat bekerja sama dengan ibu untuk memantau perkembangan anak sehingga perkembangan anak dapat berjalan seimbang.
No lines: Observations from a pilot project to re-imagine, design and implement a flexible student-centred approach to study mode selection
Authors: Bevacqua John , Colasante Meg
Published: August 2021

Upon enrolling in a university course, students typically commit to a predetermined study mode: on-campus, online, or a hybrid/blended study mode. The education provider typically predetermines which study mode/s are available for each course. In this paper, the authors address the challenges of designing and trialling a new “StudyFlex” student-centred study mode at La Trobe University. By re-imagining the concept of flexibility in study mode selection, StudyFlex does away with bright line distinctions between online, blended and on-campus offerings and empowers students to self-select and adjust their preferred study mode pathway within their subject and throughout their course. This paper exposes and acts as a primer for discussing the many challenges of designing, developing, and implementing such student-centred study mode innovations. Specifically, it outlines and expands upon the StudyFlex trial conducted across several subjects, its genesis and justification, with its central tenet of designing subjects which allow students freedom to move between on-campus and online modes of learning within a single offering. Discussion extends to similar trial findings, including the recent pilot by Southern Cross University of a “converged delivery” model which attempted to merge on-campus and online study modes into a single converged mode. Attention then turns to curriculum development and design challenges inherent in the StudyFlex proof of concept. Particular emphasis is placed upon the imperative and significant challenge of ensuring equivalence of learning experience, in terms of learning value and quality, irrespective of the bespoke study mode pathway chosen by students in the StudyFlex trial subjects. The discussion culminates in identifying and highlighting the need for further research to address the challenges posed by innovations like the StudyFlex pilot and its predecessors such as the Southern Cross University converged delivery pilot. These extend to administrative challenges posed for universities seeking to accommodate student-centred study mode flexibility and potential and current practical regulatory constraints affecting such innovations. Fundamental questions emerge concerning the gap between the vision of allowing students to complete self-determination insofar as selection of study mode and the pragmatic realities of the various constraints facing higher education providers in seeking to push the boundaries of curriculum development and design to realise that vision. At a local level, and as the model becomes more widely adopted, La Trobe University teachers will need to be well supported to ensure their practices adapt to a new teaching model, while the model itself will need ongoing concerted design attention to ensure that students experience quality learning regardless of their study mode choices.
Implementing work-integrated learning in online construction management courses
Authors: Quinn Diana , Cioffi Edward , Hill Steve , Kor Mat , Longford Anna-Clare , Moller Robert , Rathore Pramila
Published: August 2021

Implementing online learning can pose serious pedagogical challenges particularly when programs contain work-integrated learning (WIL) components. One such component is the site visit, where student groups are led by subject matter experts through an authentic environment. These WIL experiences help students relate the theory learnt in classrooms to practice. Construction management students particularly benefit from repeated visits to the same building site to appreciate the spatial and temporal constraints and how they change over the life of the building project. Unfortunately, logistics and occupational health and safety concerns have increasingly limited the inclusion of site visits in school and university curricula. Online construction management students are widely dispersed and therefore it is impractical to include shared physical site visits in the curriculum, although students are able to observe locally-based construction sites and report back their findings. In response, universities have collaborated with construction companies and, using significant federal funding, created an interactive learning environment that follows the construction of an eight-storey building over time. This high quality resource is a type of virtual WIL that has been primarily used in face-to-face teaching. In this case study we implement this resource in a fully online construction management course and create three comparatively low-cost environments that demonstrate the construction of residential, industrial, and multi-storey building construction sites, for implementation in another two online construction courses. As an enhancement, within these new environments are embedded images, explanatory videos and documents which students can interact with to create a virtual tour that can be embedded directly alongside the concepts being studied in their weekly learning materials. In addition, these tours are linked to specific online learning activities designed to motivate students to reflect on and refine their understandings based on the authentic context they are experiencing. To better understand the processes involved in this collaboration between school academics, staff from a central teaching innovation unit, and two construction companies, the business processes employed were modelled using a swimlane diagram. Insights into the practicalities of implementing these virtual tours are shared. The experiential learning outcomes of students using virtual WIL are comparable to traditional site visits. Initial online student feedback of small cohorts of online students has been overwhelmingly positive and encouraging for the development of more interactive virtual tours. The implementation of virtual tours and activities, blended with independent face-to-face site visits and assessment, forms an authentic, supported and constructively-aligned WIL experience for students undertaking fully online courses.
Impact of ePortfolios on Science student-teachers’ reflective metacognitive learning and the development of higher-order thinking skills
Authors: De Jager Thelma
Published: August 2021

A concern in higher education is that most students do not acquire higher-order thinking skills, ‘cannot think’, are not engaged in reflective student-centred teaching and learning and do not always acquire technology skills. Numerous studies have indicated the importance of a digital learning environment that facilitates the acquisition of IT skills, reflective and critical thinking learning skills while creating an electronic portfolio. To establish the impact of portfolios on the reflective metacognitive learning and the development of higher-order thinking skills in student-teachers (n=167) in the field of science, qualitative and quantitative approaches were used to collect data. The results showed that for the majority of the participants (n=160) it was the first time that they had created an ePortfolio and engaged in reflective metacognitive learning experiences. The researcher was able to identify students’ weaknesses and strengths, their interests and goals in life. Most of them regarded the learning process as time consuming, did not wish to share poor learning experiences with others, found it difficult to express their learning experiences in a second language and were unable to create an ePortfolio in an organised manner as they were not capable of metacognitive reflection. This paper is relevant for higher education lecturers in developing students to become independent learners by using an ePortfolio.