bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El Gambrinus Halle (1894), un café-cervecería a la última moda en el centro de Florencia
Authors: Vázquez Astorga Mónica
Published: November 2021

Este trabajo se centra en el estudio del Gambrinus Halle de Florencia (Italia), que fue inaugurado el 29 de noviembre de 1894. Los críticos de la época acogieron con grandes elogios su apertura y destacaron la elegancia de su instalación y sus amplias dimensiones conseguidas gracias al empleo de nuevos materiales y técnicas de construcción. De hecho, fue uno de los cafés-cervecerías más grandes de Europa. Fue fundado por Spirito Giamello en la recién creada piazza Vittorio Emanuele II (actual piazza della Repubblica), que se convirtió en el «salón urbano» preferido para la sociedad burguesa florentina. Este establecimiento, al igual que otros emplazados en este espacio, fue importante como lugar de encuentro y reunión de relevantes personalidades, principalmente de la actualidad artística. Estuvo en funcionamiento hasta comienzos de la década de los veinte de la pasada centuria, momento en el que sus locales fueron destinados a sala cinematográfica y que ahora acogen un Hard Rock café. Con este texto se pretende contribuir al conocimiento y valoración de este centro que fue instituido para rendir culto al legendario Gambrinus.

This work focuses on the study of the Gambrinus Halle, which opened in Florence, Italy, on 29 November 1894. The critics of the time praised the opening and emphasised the elegance and spaciousness of the premises, resulting from the use of new building materials and techniques. In fact, the establishment was one of the biggest cafés-beer houses in Europe. The Gambrinus Halle was founded by Spirito Giamello in the newly built piazza Vittorio Emanuele II (nowadays piazza della Repubblica), which became the favourite “urban hall” of the middle-class society of Florence. As other establishments located in the area, it was a major meeting point for relevant figures, specially artists. It remained in business until the 1920s, when its halls were turned into a cinema, and it now houses a Hard Rock café. This work aims at making this establishment, founded to praise the legendary Gambrinus, better known and appreciated.
Application Of Finite Difference Eikonal Solver For Traveltime Computation In Forward Modeling And Migration
Authors:   Centre for Subsurface Seismic Imaging, Department of Geosciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia, Majdi Amir Mustaqim , Alashloo Seyed Yaser Moussavi ,   Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-452 Warsaw, Poland, Nik Mohd Hassan Nik Nur Anis Amalina ,   Centre for Subsurface Seismic Imaging, Department of Geosciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia, Md Arshad Abdul Rahim ,   Centre for Subsurface Seismic Imaging, Department of Geosciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia, Abdul Latiff Abdul Halim ,   Centre for Subsurface Seismic Imaging, Department of Geosciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
Published: November 2021

Traveltime is one of the propagating wave’s components. As the wave propagates further, the traveltime increases. It can be computed by solving wave equation of the ray path or the eikonal wave equation. Accurate method of computing traveltimes will give a significant impact on enhancing the output of seismic forward modeling and migration. In seismic forward modeling, computation of the wave’s traveltime locally by ray tracing method leads to low resolution of the resulting seismic image, especially when the subsurface is having a complex geology. However, computing the wave’s traveltime with a gridding scheme by finite difference methods able to overcomes the problem. This paper aims to discuss the ability of ray tracing and fast marching method of finite difference in obtaining a seismic image that have more similarity with its subsurface model. We illustrated the results of the traveltime computation by both methods in form of ray path projection and wavefront. We employed these methods in forward modeling and compared both resulting seismic images. Seismic migration is executed as a part of quality control (QC). We used a synthetic velocity model which based on a part of Malay Basin geology structure. Our findings shows that the seismic images produced by the application of fast marching finite difference method has better resolution than ray tracing method especially on deeper part of subsurface model.
Soil Related Factors Controlling Erosion And Landslides In Malaysia
Authors:   Param Agricultural Soil Surveys (M) Sdn. Bhd., A4-3 Jalan 17/13, Happy Mansion Block A, Section 17, 46400 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia, S Paramananthan , Muhamad Nurfashareena ,   Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Initiative (SEADPRI-UKM), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Malaysia, Pereira Joy Jacqueline ,   Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Initiative (SEADPRI-UKM), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Malaysia
Published: November 2021

The high temperature and rainfall in Malaysia results in intensive tropical weathering and depending on the parent material, the resultant soil can have deep or shallow soil profiles. Thus, a variety of soils can form with different textures (clay content), structure and porosity. With the high rainfall, soils in steep terrain are subjected to surface erosion when exposed or landslides if the rainwater percolates into the soil profile. Key soil-related factors controlling soil erosion and landslides include local climate, parent material of soils and depth of the weathered profile. Slope and geomorphology, vegetation and land use as well as land management practices also influence erosion and landslides. Measures used to control soil erosion and stabilize slopes require improved understanding of soil weathering, erosion, landslide and their linkages in steep terrain.
Les monnaies locales complémentaires en France : des organisations hybrides en tension(s)
Authors: Magnani Sacha , Marais Magalie
Published: November 2021

Les Monnaies Locales Complémentaires (MLC) sont des monnaies dites sociales, visant à dynamiser l’économie locale et les échanges solidaires. Construites pour proposer une alternative au système monétaire en place, ces MLC reposent sur des organisations hybrides poursuivant des objectifs multiples : économiques, sociaux et environnementaux. A partir de l’étude qualitative de 5 études de cas de MLC françaises, ce papier caractérise les tensions éthiques/identitaires, de gouvernance ou de performance traversant ces organisations. Il met en lumière la diversité des projets de MLC et le rôle de la mission/projet politique et du lien avec le territoire d’ancrage sur les tensions à l’oeuvre et sur leurs effets.
Development and Experimental Investigation of a Marine Vessel Utilizing the Energy Ship Concept for Far Offshore Wind Energy Conversion
Authors: Yolhamid Mohd Najib Abdul Ghani , Razali Mohd Norsyarizad , Azzeri M.N. , Yusop Mohd Shukri Mohd , Zaidi Ahmad Mujahid Ahmad , Abidin Noh Zainal
Published: November 2021

The energy ship is a concept for offshore wind energy capture which has received very little attention until today. To this date, there had not been yet an experimental proof of concept. In order to tackle this issue, an experimental platform and data acquisition system has been developed. A 5.5m long sailing catamaran served as a platform equipped with a 240mm diameter water turbine. The energy ship platform has been tested several times in the actual river to investigate the workability of the platform and data acquisition system. Results show that energy ship platform can produced 500W electric power for a true wind speed of 10 knots.
Feasibility Study of Monsoon Effect on Wave Power for Wave Energy Converter in Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Aifa Shahrom Nur Syafiqa , Mohd Azzeri Md Naiem , Yusop Mohd Shukri , Razali Mohd Norsyarizad , Ghani Yolhamid Mohd Najib Bin Abdul , Rahman Ainul , Isnan Sarah , Rosly Afiqah , Ahmad Mohd Arif
Published: November 2021

This paper presents a research to determine the effects of the Northeast Monsoon (NEM) and the Southwest Monsoon (SWM) on wave power along the coastal area of Mandi Darah Island, Sabah. This study identified the daily data of wave height and wave period for 6 months from June to December 2018. The following period was chosen because it consisted of two monsoon seasons in Sabah. The data obtained from the Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) were thoroughly analyzed to estimate the wave height and the wave period to identify the wave power at Mandi Darah Island. The wave heights ranged from 0.01 m to 0.47 m while the wave periods ranged from 1.0 s to 8.6 s. The wave height range during the NEM was higher by 0.12 m than SWM, while the difference of wave period was significantly higher by 2.17 s during the NEM. The maximum wave power recorded at Mandi Darah Island was 1.57 kW/m throughout the period. During NEM, the wave power was significantly higher than during SWM, by 0.70 kW/m. These findings led to determining the wave energy type converter that suits the wave conditions at the Mandi Darah Island coastal area.
Weight of Evidence Approach to Maritime Accident Risk Assessment Based on Bayesian Network Classifier
Authors: Kuzmanić Skelin Ana , Vojković Lea , Mohović Dani , Zec Damir
Published: November 2021

Probabilistic maritime accident models based on Bayesian Networks are typically built upon the data available in accident records and the data obtained from human experts knowledge on accident. The drawback of such models is that they do not take explicitly into the account the knowledge on non-accidents as would be required in the probabilistic modelling of rare events. Consequently, these models have difficulties with delivering interpretation of influence of risk factors and providing sufficient confidence in the risk assessment scores. In this work, modelling and risk score interpretation, as two aspects of the probabilistic approach to complex maritime system risk assessment, are addressed. First, the maritime accident modelling is posed as a classification problem and the Bayesian network classifier that discriminates between accident and non-accident is developed which assesses state spaces of influence factors as the input features of the classifier. Maritime accident risk are identified as adversely influencing factors that contribute to the accident. Next, the weight of evidence approach to reasoning with Bayesian network classifier is developed for an objective quantitative estimation of the strength of factor influence, and a weighted strength of evidence is introduced. Qualitative interpretation of strength of evidence for individual accident influencing factor, inspired by Bayes factor, is defined. The efficiency of the developed approach is demonstrated within the context of collision of small passenger vessels and the results of collision risk assessments are given for the environmental settings typical in Croatian nautical tourism. According to the results obtained, recommendations for navigation safety during high density traffic have been distilled.
RAZVOJ VJEŠTINE ČITANJA UČENIKA DRUGOG RAZREDA OSNOVNE ŠKOLE
Authors: Brinić Vesna
Published: November 2021

Usvajanje čitanja jedan je od važnijih zadataka na početku školovanja. Ovaj rad bavi se praćenjem razvoja vještine čitanja učenika drugog razreda osnovne škole. Cilj istraživanja bio je da se kroz karakteristike brzine, tačnosti i tečnosti čitanja opiše i razvoj vještine čitanja odnosno razumijevanja pročitanog teksta. U istraživanju je učestvovalo sto četrdeset pet učenika. Mjerni instrument koji smo koristili jeste test čitanja sastavljen od kraćeg teksta i četiri pitanja koja su nam koristila za provjeru razumijevanja. Učenike smo ispitivali čitanje kraćeg teksta u tri vremenska presjeka. Pošli smo od pretpostavke da se vještina čitanja razvija kontinuirano progresivno i naši rezultati su potvrdili hipotezu. Rezultati koje smo dobili prilikom praćenja razumijevanja pročitanog teksta pokazali su da postoji statistički značajna razlika između dječaka i djevojčica u razmijevanju pročitanog, kao i to da djevojčice bolje razumiju tekst koji pročitaju. Rezultati dobijeni praćenjem brzine, tačnosti i tečnosti čitanja pokazuju da nema statistički značajne razlike između dječaka i djevojčica, iako su dječaci pokazali bolje rezultate kada su pitanju tečnost i brzina čitanja, dok djevojčice pokazuju bolje rezultate u tačnosti čitanja.
Power spectral densities of electroencephalographic theta and alpha frequency waves during information processing of language comprehension
Authors: Jetaji Lubaina , Patel Bhoopendra , Choudhary Manoj , Tak Amit , Gupta Kapil , Gupta Jitendra , Yadav Kavita , Dube Amitabh
Published: November 2021

A cross sectional study was conducted to assess electroencephalograph (EEG) Power Spectral Densities (PSD) of alpha and theta frequency bands for an integrative functional role of working memory (WM) in the architectonics of a synthesized and coordinated communication system as exemplified by the observable phenomenon of the evolved structured Language of Human Mind by using Visuo-Spatial Delayed Match to Sample (DMTS) task. The analysis exhibited significant Event Related Synchronization (ERS) along theta wave-form at temporal region along with Lateral Asymmetry Index (LAI) of Alpha Event Related Desynchronization (ERD) at parietal region suggestive of the phenomenal singularity of ERS of theta along temporal regions that seems to be intricately interwoven onto the spectacle of LAI of alpha ERD, presumably evolving a synthesized enveloped working memory, along the virtual phase-space of Human Mind and eventually translating into the comprehensible means of communication of Humans, i.e., Language.
Preliminary placement and new records of an overlooked Amazonian tree, Christiana mennegae (Malvaceae)
Authors: Barbosa-Silva Rafael G. , Coutinho Thales Silva , Vasconcelos Santelmo , da Silva Delmo Fonseca , Oliveira Guilherme , Zappi Daniela C.
Published: November 2021

Christiana mennegae is a phylogenetically enigmatic taxon and represents a case in point of a species whose presence escaped the radar of the Amazon lists and the Brazilian Flora project. Here we expand its distribution by adding new records from Peru and overlooked ones from Brazil. To investigate its phylogenetic placement in the Brownlowioideae, part of the rbcL gene of the plastid and the intergenic ITS2 region were sequenced. Macro- and micro-morphological investigation of features of C. mennegae using SEM of foliar, flower, fruit and seed structures are presented. A lectotype for the name is designated here. The morphology of trichomes revealed five types of trichomes ranging from glandular to branched and unbranched and we also report stomata on the seed surface for the first time in Brownlowioideae. Christiana mennegae and C. africana were recovered as sister species in the phylogenetic analysis, albeit with low to moderate support, and more species of this and closely related genera must be sampled and analyzed in order to obtain a clearer picture of the group’s affinities and relationships. We provide an update of its conservation status from Vulnerable to Least Concern. We also highlight the need for investment in the digitization of biological collections, botanical capacity building at the local level and the importance of the availability of online literature to speed the study of Amazonian plant diversity.
Fighting SARS-CoV-2 with green seaweed Ulva sp. extract: extraction protocol predetermines crude ulvan extract anti-SARS-CoV-2 inhibition properties in in vitro Vero-E6 cells assay
Authors: Shefer Shai , Robin Arthur , Chemodanov Alexander , Lebendiker Mario , Bostwick Robert , Rasmussen Lynn , Lishner Michael , Gozin Michael , Golberg Alexander
Published: November 2021

Due to the global COVID-19 pandemic, there is a need to screen for novel compounds with antiviral activity against SARS-COV-2. Here we compared chemical composition and the in vitro anti- SARS-COV-2 activity of two different Ulva sp. crude ulvan extracts: one obtained by an HCl-based and another one by ammonium oxalate-based (AOx) extraction protocols. The composition of the crude extracts was analyzed and their antiviral activity was assessed in a cytopathic effect reduction assay using Vero E6 cells. We show that the extraction protocols have a significant impact on the chemical composition, anti- SARS-COV-2 activity, and cytotoxicity of these ulvan extracts. The ulvan extract based on the AOx protocol had a higher average molecular weight, higher charge, and 11.3-fold higher antiviral activity than HCl-based extract. Our results strongly suggest that further bioassay-guided investigation into bioactivity of compounds found in Ulva sp. ulvan extracts could lead to the discovery of novel anti-SARS-CoV-2 antivirals.
Academic Procrastination among College Students of Jorhat- An Explorative Study
Authors: Gohain Rashmi Rekha , Gogoi Sampreety , Saikia Jina moni
Published: November 2021

Academic procrastination is a behavior that is very common among students. It involves knowing that an individual needs to finish the academic task before the assigned time but for one or another reason respondents fail to accomplish the task within the expected time frame. It is the practice of doing more pleasurable or less urgent tasks instead of more urgent ones. Individuals often promise themselves not to delay things until the last minute but it happens again. Such procrastination behaviors affect the student’s actual performances in the learning process and lead to feelings of guilt, inadequacy, depression, and self-doubt. The present study is exploratory research carried out to assess the area and gender difference in academic procrastination among College students in the year 2020. A sample of 199 undergraduate students was selected by using Solvin’s formula (N/1+Ne²), where ‘N’ is the total population and ‘e’ is the margin of error. A standard tool named “Procrastination Assessment Scale for Students (PASS)” was used to assess the academic procrastination of the students. The findings revealed that in areas of procrastination majority 61.3 percent of the respondents had an average level of academic procrastination, as most of the respondents (63.81%) sometimes procrastinate in school activities in general also 65.32 percent of respondents sometimes face a problem when they procrastinate in school activities in general. Findings also depict that 49.74 percent definitely want to decrease the tendency to procrastinate in keeping up with weekly reading assignments. It was also revealed from the findings that there was no gender difference in academic procrastination among College students.
Some Common Medicinal Plants in Barsuan Range, Bonai Forest Division, Sundargarh, Odisha
Authors: Kumar N Sanath , Marndi Sugimani , Kumar Sanjeet
Published: November 2021

Aim: To document the common medicinal plants used by the local tribal communities of mining areas of Barsuan Range, Bonai Forest Division, Odisha, India

Background: From ancient times, medicinal plants are playing vital role in human health care systems. Nowadays, medicinal plants are less used by urban &  rural areas but they are still used by tribal communities. From them, the valuable knowledge needs to be documented for future reference, particularly from mining areas where lot of threats are observed on them.

Methodology: Keeping the threat and importance of traditional knowledge, an attempt has been made to document the most common medicinal plants of Barsuan Range, Bonai Forest Division, Odisha through field survey using Passport Data Form.

Results: A total 50 common plant species were recorded having medicinal values and used by the local communities.

Conclusion: In this modern era, the conservation of traditional knowledge is important. The present study highlights the some common medicinal plants of mining impacted areas which could be the raw materials for future herbal formulation and can create livelihood option.
The Preferred Premedication Order to Prevent Infusion Reactions in Patients with Breast Cancer Receiving Pertuzumab Plus Trastuzumab and Docetaxel
Authors: Nakagaki Shigeru , Matsunuma Ryoichi , Yamaguchi Kei , Hayami Ryosuke , Tsuneizumi Michiko
Published: November 2021

Aims:Pertuzumab plus trastuzumab and docetaxel is a standard regimen for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer in the metastatic, adjuvant, and neoadjuvant settings. Infusion reaction represents one of the common side effects of anti-HER2 agents. There is no standard premedication to prevent infusion reactions, although antihistamines, acetaminophen, and/or corticosteroids are often used for this purpose. This study evaluated the ability of premedication to prevent induction reactions in patients receiving pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and docetaxel.

Methods: This retrospective, single-institute study assessed infusion reactions in 72 women with HER2-positive early breast cancer who received pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and docetaxel between November 2018 and April 2021. Thirty-six patients received premedication consisting of oral acetaminophen prior to pertuzumab and trastuzumab administration and dexamethasone and D-chlorpheniramine maleate intravenously prior to docetaxel administration (previous regimen). Thirty-six patients received premedication consisting of acetaminophen, dexamethasone, and D-chlorpheniramine maleate sequentially prior to pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and docetaxel administration (current regimen).

Results: The rates of infusion reaction after the initial injection were 55.6 and 16.7% in the previous and current regiment groups, respectively (p = 0.001). Trastuzumab more frequently caused infusion reactions than pertuzumab and docetaxel. Chills, vomiting, and nausea were the major symptoms of infusion reactions.

Conclusion: Premedication featuring the upfront use of dexamethasone and D-chlorpheniramine maleate prior to the administration of anti-HER2 targeted agents significantly prevented infusion reactions.
An Assessment of the Relationship between Store Attributes, Shopping Enjoyment and Place Attachment
Authors: Sharmila S. Jenifar
Published: November 2021

Aims: Aim of this examination is ﬁrstly investigate the build of store attributes in a grocery store setting in Batticaloa, Manmunai North and afterward to look at retail attributes credits and its relationship to consumer place attachment with respect to the shopping enjoyment.

Study Design: This study applied quantitative method which related to positivism philosophy and applying the deductive approach.

Place and Duration of Study: This current study focus on the grocery shoppers, this study had been undertaken with in five stores of Manmunai North D.S division, Batticaloa district., chosen according to their high traffic and wide variety of product categories sold.

Methodology: primary data were collected from 239 respondents (118 males, 121 females.; 151 married, 88 unmarried). whereby collected data will be analyzed statistically with statistical analysis software.

Results: As per that totally 300 questionnaires were issued, and 239 questionnaires were recollected. Cronbach’s overall variable alpha coefficient values are above 0.70, so it is shown that all items are considered reliable. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that, there was a significant strong positive relationship between overall store attributes and shopping enjoyment in selected retail outlets (r=0.619; P=.00) as well as a moderate positive correlation (r=0.363; P=.00) between shopping enjoyment and place attachment. 49.3% of the variation in shopping enjoyment is explained by product, price, service, location, facility, design and atmosphere simultaneously 13.2% of the variation in place attachment is explained by shopping enjoyment.
Finite‐time adaptive fuzzy command filtering control for stochastic nonlinear systems with input quantization
Authors: Kang Shijia , Liu Peter Xiaoping , Wang Huanqing
Published: November 2021

This article focuses on the finite‐time adaptive fuzzy control problem based on command filtering for stochastic nonlinear systems subject to input quantization. Fuzzy logic systems are employed to estimate unknown nonlinearities. In the control design, the hysteretic quantized input is decomposed into two bounded nonlinear functions, which solves the chattering problem. Meanwhile, an adaptive fuzzy controller is presented by the combination of command filter technique and backstepping control, which eliminates the computational complexity existing in traditional backstepping design. Under the proposed adaptive mechanism, all the closed‐loop signals remain bounded while the desired system performance can be realized within finite time. The main significance of this work is that (1) the filtering error can be solved on the basis of the designed compensating signals; (2) the requirement of adaptive parameters is decreased to only one, which simplifies the controller design process and may improve the control performance. Two simulation examples are used to validity of the developed scheme.
Force‐Induced Molecular Isomerization for the Construction of Multicolor Luminescent Segmented Molecular Crystals
Authors: Guo Yongxian , Wu Aoli , Qiu Changkun , Ge Fayuan , Jiang Yifei , Gong Yanjun , Hu Qiongzheng
Published: November 2021

Multicolor luminescent segmented materials have attracted tremendous research interest due to their potential applications as barcoding materials in information security and anti‐counterfeiting. Although much effort has been devoted to the preparation of photonic barcodes based on different light‐emitting materials, the rational design of barcoding materials with well‐controlled emission color and length at desired position remains a challenge. Here, a novel strategy to fabricate multicolor luminescent segmented 1D molecular crystals is reported by manipulating the molecular conformation and intermolecular interactions of the mechanochromic crystals, which are assembled from a rationally designed twisting conjugated molecule. The emission color of these mechanochromic crystals changes from green to orange with the mechanism of synergy effect of force‐induced molecular isomerization from trans to cis state and molecular packing changes from cross to parallel, which is revealed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction. Multicolor luminescent segmented 1D microribbons are fabricated by applying precisely controlled forces by tapping mode atomic force microscope, which shows the encoding capability. These findings provide a new method that allows the controllable fabrication of segmented materials with tunable emission color and length at desired position toward barcoding applications.
Phase‐Only Tuning of Extreme Huygens Metasurfaces Enabled by Optical Anisotropy
Authors: Yang Ziwei , Liu Mingkai , Komar Andrei , Xu Lei , Neshev Dragomir N.
Published: November 2021

Pure phase modulation of light is vital for a number of optical devices such as spatial light modulators and beam steering in light detection and ranging (LIDAR) technologies. Tunable metasurfaces have recently provided a feasible alternative to existing technologies, allowing for ultra‐high miniaturisation while enabling high transmission efficiency and tunability under small external stimuli. However, despite the recent advances in the field, no pure phase tuning has been demonstrated in transmissive devices, for example, any implementation of continuous phase tuning is accompanied by sizable amplitude modulation or low efficiency. Here, it is shown that the optical anisotropy of the surrounding material can enable phase‐only tuning of optical metasurfaces in the full 2π range with unitary efficiency over a sizable bandwidth. A practical implementation of this concept based on a liquid‐crystal infiltrated metasurface operating in the regime of extreme Huygens condition is further proposed. In this way, the full 2π phase‐only tunability in transmission can be enabled by controlling bias voltage and temperature variation of the surrounding liquid crystal.
Self‐Assembly Synthesis of a [2]Catenane CoII Single‐Molecule Magnet
Authors: Wilson Benjamin H. , Ward Jas S. , Young David C. , Liu Jun‐Liang , Mathonière Corine , Clérac Rodolphe , Kruger Paul E.
Published: November 2021

We describe herein the self‐assembly synthesis of an octanuclear CoII [2]catenane {[Co4(H2L)6]216+} formed by the mechanical interlocking of two {[Co4(H2L)6]8+} rectangles of unprecedented topology. Subtle manipulation of the synthetic conditions allows the isolation of a mixed‐valence [Co2III/Co2II]10+ non‐catenated rectangle. The CoII centers in the [2]catenane exhibit slow relaxation of their magnetic moment, i. e. single‐molecule magnet properties, dominated by quantum tunneling and Raman relaxation processes. This work shows that metallo‐supramolecular chemistry can precisely control the organization of single‐molecule magnets in topologically complex arrangements.
Creating Dynamic Nanospaces in Solution by Cationic Cages as Multirole Catalytic Platform for Unconventional C(sp)−H Activation Beyond Enzyme Mimics
Authors: Li Kang , Wu Kai , Lu Yu‐Lin , Guo Jing , Hu Peng , Su Cheng‐Yong
Published: November 2021

Herein we demonstrate that, based on the creation of dynamic nanospaces in solution by highly charged positive coordination cage of [Pd6(RuL3)8]28+, multirole and multi‐way cage‐confined catalysis is accomplishable for versatile functions and anomalous reactivities with the aid of the biomimetic cage effect. The high cationic‐host charges drive partial deprotonation of 24 imidazole‐NHs on cage sphere alike imidazole‐residuals in proteins, generating amphoteric heterogeneity in solution to enforce effective cavity‐basicity against solution‐acidity. Synergistic actions arisen from cage hydrophobicity, host‐guest electrostatic interactions and imidazole‐N coordination facilitate C(sp)−H activation and carbanionic intermediate stabilization of terminal alkynes to achieve unusual H/D‐exchange and Glaser coupling under acidic conditions, and enable phase transfers of water‐insoluble substrates/products/co‐catalysts to make immiscible‐phase and bi‐phase catalysis feasible, thus providing a useful catalytic protocol to combine merits from homogeneous, heterogeneous, enzymatic and phase transfer catalysis.
A Multivariate‐Gated DNA Nanodevice for Spatioselective Imaging of Pro‐metastatic Targets in Extracellular Microenvironment
Authors: Xiang Zhichu , Zhao Jian , Qu Junle , Song Jun , Li Lele
Published: November 2021

Probing pro‐metastatic biomarkers is of significant importance to evaluate the risk of tumor metastasis, but spatially selective imaging of such targets in extracellular microenvironment is particularly challenging. By introducing the bilinguality of PNA/peptide hybrid that can speak both peptide substrate and nucleobase‐pairing languages to combine with aptamer technology, we designed a smart DNA nanodevice programmed to respond sequentially to dual pro‐metastatic targets, MMP2/9 and ATP, in extracellular tumor microenvironment (TME). The DNA nanodevice is established based on the combination of an ATP‐responsive aptamer sensor and a MMP2/9‐hydrolyzable PNA/peptide copolymer with a cell membrane‐anchoring aptamer module. Taking 4T1 xenograft as a highly aggressive tumor model, the robustness of the DNA nanodevice in spatioselective imaging of MMP2/9 and ATP in TME is demonstrated. We envision that this design will enable the simultaneous visualization of multiple pro‐metastatic biomarkers, which allows to gain insights into their pathological roles in tumor metastasis.
Acute respiratory compromise due to bilateral pneumothoraces in a patient with Rett syndrome
Authors: Meneely S. J. , McFadzean J.
Published: November 2021

This is a case of acute respiratory distress in a nine‐year‐old with severe Rett syndrome who required immediate anaesthetic assistance in the emergency department and during her subsequent hospital stay. Rett syndrome is a rare inherited neurodevelopmental disease that more commonly affects females. It is characterised by a period of normal development up to between six and 18 months of age, followed by a gradual but progressive loss of developmental skills leading to severe cognitive and physical decline. Other features include autistic‐type behaviour, oral‐motor and autonomic dysfunction and gastrointestinal disturbance. Patients can present for elective surgery for scoliosis correction, ear, nose and throat procedures or placement of a gastrostomy. They can also present acutely, either with an un‐associated condition or due to aspiration from a poor gag or swallow. This report highlights the specific risks relevant to anaesthesia in patients with Rett syndrome, especially in considering the association with bilateral apical bullae and pneumothorax which could impact on the ventilation strategy.
A new specimen provides insights into the anatomy of Irajatherium hernandezi, a poorly known probainognathian cynodont from the Late Triassic of southern Brazil
Authors: Kerber Leonardo , Martinelli Agustín G. , Müller Rodrigo T. , Pretto Flávio A.
Published: November 2021

Irajatherium hernandezi is a poorly known non‐mammaliaform cynodont from the Late Triassic of southern Brazil. A new specimen of this cynodont was found in recent fieldwork to the type‐locality, Sesmaria do Pinhal (Candelária), providing new insights into the anatomy of this mammalian forerunner. This specimen comprises a partial skull preserving the left canine, two left and three right postcanines, and an isolated exoccipital; the left dentary with the canine and postcanines; a fragment of the right dentary; the proximal portion of the left partial humerus; the right scapula; and indeterminate fragments. Based on new material, it is here suggested that I. hernandezi presents: a rostrum broad and short, possibly long as the temporal region; three foramina on the lateral surface of the maxilla, that could correspond to the external openings of the rostral alveolar, infraorbital, and zygomaticofacial canals; a slender zygomatic arch and an absent postorbital bar; a posteriorly wide temporal fossa; a long secondary palate, slightly surpassing the level of the last postcanine tooth; the cerebral hemispheres of the cranial endocast divided by a median sulcus; the scapular blade long and straight, and the postscapular fossa absent in lateral aspect. Finally, I. hernandezi and other tritheledontids were included in a phylogenetic analysis of Eucynodontia. The analysis recovered unresolved relationships for ictidosaurs/tritheledontids, nested within a polytomy with Tritylodontidae and a clade composed by Pseudotherium argentinus, Botucaraitherium belarminoi, Brasilodon quadrangularis, and Mammaliaformes.
Association of high‐dose radiotherapy with improved survival in patients with newly diagnosed low‐grade gliomas
Authors: Liu Yanwei , Liu Shuai , Li Guanzhang , Li Yanong , Chen Li , Feng Jin , Yang Yong , Jiang Tao , Qiu Xiaoguang
Published: November 2021

Background

The radiation dose for patients with low‐grade gliomas (LGGs) is controversial. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of the radiation dose on survival for patients with LGGs and especially for molecularly defined subgroups.

Methods

Three hundred fifty‐one patients with newly diagnosed LGGs from the multicenter Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group received postoperative radiotherapy (RT) in 2005‐2018. The RT dose, as a continuous variable, was entered into a Cox regression model using penalized spline regression to allow for a nonlinear relationship between the RT dose and overall survival (OS) or progression‐free survival (PFS). Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW)–adjusted propensity scores were used to correct for potential confounders. Dose effects on survival within IDH mutation and 1p/19q codeletion defined subgroups were analyzed.

Results

The risk of mortality and disease progression decreased sharply until 54 Gy. High‐dose RT (≥54 Gy) was associated with significantly better 5‐year OS (81.7% vs 64.0%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.33; P < .001) and PFS (77.4% vs 54.5%; HR, 0.46; P < .001) than low‐dose RT (<54 Gy). IPTW correction confirmed the associations (HR for OS, 0.44; P = .001; HR for PFS, 0.48; P = .003). High‐dose RT was associated with longer PFS (HR, 0.25; P = .002; HR, 0.21; P = .039) and OS (HR, 0.27; P = .006; HR, 0.07; P = .017) in IDH‐mutant/1p/19q noncodeleted and IDH wild‐type subgroups, respectively. No significant difference in survival was observed with high‐dose RT in the IDH‐mutant/1p/19q codeleted subgroup.

Conclusions

High‐dose RT (≥54 Gy) was effective in LGGs. Patients with an IDH mutation/1p/19q noncodeletion or IDH wild‐type may need to be considered for high‐dose RT.

Lay Summary

The radiotherapy dose‐response was observed in patients with low‐grade gliomas, and high‐dose radiotherapy (≥54 Gy) was associated with improved survival.

Patients with an IDH mutation/1p/19q noncodeletion or wild‐type IDH may have improved survival with the administration of high‐dose radiotherapy.
Young people's colour preference and the arousal level of small apartments
Authors: Jiang Ao , Yao Xiang , Hemingray Caroline , Westland Stephen
Published: November 2021

It is widely believed that people have preferences in relation to the colour of their interior environment. With the development of the global small apartment industry, it is important to understand well people's colour preference for apartments. This study investigated the apartment colour preference (N = 958) and the arousal level measured as heart rate variability for 70 young Chinese people for 21 colours. The findings indicate that young Chinese people (22‐27 years of age) prefer light red, red, yellow, and gray areas of the colour space, and least prefer darker colours in the green, gray, and brown areas of the colour space. In terms of heart rate variability arousal, it was found that colours in the red, purple, and yellow areas of the colour space had the highest effect on heart rate variability arousal, vs gray and brown colours, which were found to have the lowest effect on arousal levels.
A Randomized Phase 1 Evaluation of Deupirfenidone, a Novel Deuterium‐Containing Drug Candidate for Interstitial Lung Disease and Other Inflammatory and Fibrotic Diseases
Authors: Chen Michael C. , Korth Christopher C. , Harnett Mark D. , Elenko Eric , Lickliter Jason D.
Published: November 2021

LYT‐100 (deupirfenidone) is a selectively deuterated form of pirfenidone under development for the treatment of inflammatory and fibrotic diseases, including interstitial lung disease. Adverse events associated with antifibrotics can be a barrier to adoption and persistence in patients with interstitial lung diseases, most of whom are not on standard‐of‐care therapy. LYT‐100 is designed to have a differentiated pharmacokinetic (PK) profile from pirfenidone and could offer a differentiated safety profile compared to current standard‐of‐care drugs while retaining the biochemical potency and specificity of pirfenidone. We conducted a phase 1b study to ascertain the safety, tolerability, steady‐state PK profile, and food effect of LYT‐100. This was a 2‐part study. Part 1 assessed multiple ascending doses of LYT‐100 from 100, 250, 500, 750, and 1000 mg twice daily given over 5 days without titration. Part 2 assessed the effects of fed vs fasting conditions on the PK profile of a single 500‐mg dose of LYT‐100. All doses up to 1000 mg were well tolerated, with adverse events being mild and transient. Exposure was slightly lower in the fed condition. LYT‐100 was well tolerated and has a dose‐proportional PK profile. The ratio of parent to major metabolite concentration was higher than reported with pirfenidone, which is consistent with an effect of deuteration on metabolism. No maximum tolerated dose was identified up to 1000 mg twice‐daily dosing. These results support further clinical development of LYT‐100, particularly considering the adverse event profile of current standard‐of‐care drugs.
The relationship between disordered eating behaviors and injury rates in adolescent athletes
Authors: Gusfa Donald , Mancine Ryley , Kennedy Samantha , Bashir Daniyal A. , Saffarian Mathew
Published: November 2021

Objective

To explore the relationship between disordered eating (DE) and significant sport injury in adolescent athletes.

Method

Responses to one item of the Disordered Eating Screen for Athletes and the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT‐26) items, administered to n = 308 adolescent athletes, were analyzed with data on injury. Nonparametric statistics and multiple regression analysis were used to examine differences in DE rates amongst known injured adolescent athletes.

Results

The EAT‐26 scores of injured females, median score of 9, were significantly higher than all other groupings with H(3) = 17.26 p < .001, η2 = .047. Using regression analyses, injury significantly predicted a rise in EAT‐26 score by five points in females, p = .01, R2 = .052.

Discussion

This evidence suggests a relationship between adolescent female sport injury and DE, but no relationship between adolescent male sport injury and DE. These results demonstrate a need to screen for DE in athletes. Given a positive screen, athletes should be educated on the risks associated with relative energy deficiency and potentially referred to a practitioner with knowledge of the associated complications.
Remotely sensed assessment of increasing chronic and episodic drought effects on a Costa Rican tropical dry forest
Authors: Huang Cho‐ying , Durán Sandra M. , Hu Kai‐ting , Li Hsin‐Ju , Swenson Nathan G. , Enquist Brian J.
Published: November 2021

Tropical dry forests (TDFs) have experienced pronounced droughts and increased temperatures for the last century. To assess whether these climatic shifts have influenced dry forest vegetation and ecosystem functioning, we integrated ground observations from a Costa Rican long‐term forest dynamics monitoring plot with remotely sensed measures of forest productivity and canopy functioning from a diverse set of satellite data. Previously reported long‐term climate data (1921–1997) show a reduction in annual rainfall, but since 1980 there has been no directional change in mean annual precipitation. However, the 2015 El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)‐induced drought was unprecedented. Temperatures have increased by 1.1°C since 1931. However, the Landsat wet season (1987–2017) Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) (canopy greenness) and the dry season (1985–2017) fraction of non‐photosynthetic canopy cover all indicate that TDFs have become more deciduous but also more productive during the wet season. These changes are consistent with a shift in the functional composition observed in the long‐term plot as more drought‐deciduous tree species have increased in abundance. Nonetheless, more continuous 16‐d MODIS (the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) measures of the EVI over the past 17 yr (2001–2017) showed no change in the total annual forest productivity. Further, while the 2015 ENSO event temporarily reduced forest EVI, it did not cause a longer‐term impact on forest productivity. Instead, high spatial resolution Worldview‐2 satellite imagery showed that forest phenology shifted in the subsequent years even though the region returned to normal precipitation. Our results indicate that while the species composition of TDFs may be sensitive to the long‐term trend of gradually increasing temperatures and aridity, the annual forest functioning has so far been resilient to long‐term drying and a large episodic extreme drought event. This study demonstrates the feasibility of synthesizing satellite images of different characteristics to study the vegetation dynamics of a long‐term forest dynamics plot. Our synoptically sensed results show that the longer‐term changing climate has been and is currently shifting the ecological functioning, and also provide a baseline to assess the impacts of an extreme drought year on TDFs.
Light‐Induced Ejection of a Tridentate Ligand from a Ruthenium(II) Complex
Authors: Awada Ali , Loiseau Frédérique , Jouvenot Damien
Published: November 2021

A new heteroleptic ruthenium complex based on a 2,2′;6′,2′′‐terpyridine (tpy) and a thioether‐based tridentate ligand, btap (btap: 2,6‐bis(2‐thioanisyl)pyridine) was synthesized. Under visible light irradiation, this complex in solution in acetonitrile undergoes a photochemical ejection of the thioether ligand leading to [Ru(tpy)CH3CN)3]2+ and the free ligand. The reaction was monitored using NMR and UV‐Vis spectroscopies. This is very probably the first example of a tridentate ligand being expelled by the action of light.
Re‐ranking with multiple objective optimization in recommender system
Authors: Liu Xiangyong , Wang Guojun , Zakirul Alam Bhuiyan Md
Published: November 2021

The ranking algorithm in the recommender system aims at optimizing accuracy during training so that it pays too much attention to the relevance of the individual and ignores the mutual influence between the items in the list. In response to this problem, we propose dither, a re‐ranking model for the recommender system. We deploy the re‐ranking algorithm as an independent module after the ranking algorithm to achieve the function of decoupling from it. Our model formalizes the re‐ranking problem as a multi‐objective optimization problem. It re‐ranks the initial ranking list by balancing multiple indicators to generate an improved list and updates the list during frequent user interactions with the system. Through a case study on the MovieLens 100 K data set, the workflow, and effects of the dither model are demonstrated. In addition, the re‐ranking algorithm shows the performance advantages of our model over existing methods.
Responding to the US national pollinator plan: a case study in Michigan
Authors: Bloom Elias H , Graham Kelsey K , Haan Nathan L , Heck Ana R , Gut Larry J , Landis Douglas A , Milbrath Meghan O , Quinlan Gabriela M , Wilson Julianna K , Zhang Yajun , Szendrei Zsofia , Isaacs Rufus
Published: November 2021

The long‐term health of pollinators is a critical issue for the functioning of natural habitats and for agricultural production. In response to widespread public concern about the future of these ecologically and economically important animals, in 2015 the US Government released a national strategy to support pollinators, including research priorities, directives for funding, and timelines for achieving three overarching goals. Five years after this strategic plan was released, we evaluate progress toward the national targets for improved honey bee (Apis mellifera) overwintering survival, expanded pollinator habitat, and larger monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) populations, and find that the three goals of the plan have not yet been reached. Our research and extension programs to improve the health of honey bees, wild bees, and monarch butterflies in the US state of Michigan are described, providing opportunities to contribute to the national pollinator goals.