bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Symmetrical form of the two-component fluid flow’s stability curve as a part of analysis devices
Authors: Kutuzova E R , Tazyukova A F , Kh Tazyukov F
Published: December 2022

The devices for analysis have different channels for mixing and separating flows. The media in most cases is multicomponent and predicts special properties. The constitutive equation FENE-P is chosen as a rheological model to describe a non-Newtonian fluid that has particles that can change their conformation. This model predicts properties such as viscosity anomaly, finite stress relaxation time, and dependence of the longitudinal viscosity on the longitudinal strain rate. For the non-Newtonian fluid the effect of the shape’s symmetry loss and manifestation of asymmetry are possible. The Weissenberg number (We) and the degree of stretching of the flexible particle (L2) are the determining parameters of the flows of such fluids. In this work the values of these modeling parameters, at which the flow behaviour changes so that the initial symmetrical flow form becomes unstable and turns into asymmetrical form even in laminar creeping flow (Re<<1) have been established. A number of numerical experiments have been carried out and the dependence of the manifestation of instability of the symmetrical flow form on the set of values of We and L2 has been obtained. The simulation results with the Newtonian fluid. The solution is obtained using the finite volume method (FVM) in the OpenFOAM software environment.
Acoustic vibrations of a gas with an inhomogeneous distribution of the speed of sound along the pipe
Authors: Semenova E V , Iovleva O V , Larionov V M , Larionova I V
Published: December 2022

In this paper, the pulsating combustion of a premixed propane-butane fuel with air in a vortex combustion chamber is considered. The conclusion of the refined frequency equation is made. The characteristic of the mixture supply system is given.
Plasma-chemical deposition of diamond-like coatings in capacitively coupled RF plasma in toluene
Authors: Zadiriev I I , Nikonov A M , Kralkina E A , Vavilin K V
Published: December 2022

Experimental study of the rates of plasma-chemical deposition of diamond-like coatings in toluene vapour in capacitive RF discharge was carried out. It is shown that in the RF power range of 100-300 W, the deposition rate is mainly affected by the toluene pressure in the vacuum chamber. The maximum deposition rate obtained was 4.15 μm/h.
Numerical study of the velocity distribution of the disperse component in the generation of a gas suspension flow by an electric field
Authors: Tukmakov D A
Published: December 2022

This paper presents a self-consistent mathematical model of the dynamics of an electrically charged dusty medium. The carrier medium was described as a viscous, compressible and heat-conducting gas. The simulated flow is self-consistent, the parameters of each of the mixture components are determined by changing the parameters of other components. The mathematical model took into account intercomponent momentum exchange and heat transfer between the dispersed component of the mixture and the gas. The equations of the mathematical model are supplemented with boundary conditions. The mixture dynamics equations and the Poisson equation describing the electric field were solved by a numerical finite-difference method. The channel is divided into two parts, in one part of the channel there is a homogeneous gas, in the other part of the channel there is a gas containing electrically charged particles. Under the action of an electric field, the particles of the disperse component begin to move, and a gas flow is formed. This paper presents the results of calculations of the physical fields of an electrically charged dispersed suspension.
Leptoquark production at LHC
Authors: Lejlić Ajla
Published: December 2022

Leptoquarks are hypothetical bosonic particles with a unique property; they can transform quarks into leptons and vice versa. There is a large number of scientific articles that cover questions of the leptoquark production and ways of their detection at Large Hadron Collider (LHC). LHC can produce leptoquarks in several different ways. The production mechanism that is best studied in literature is the pair production which is dominant for small Yukawa couplings. However, with the increase of the Yukawa couplings, the phenomenology of leptoquarks becomes more interesting and diverse. Namely, for large Yukawa couplings there are also additional leptoquark production mechanisms: t-channel production, single production, Drell-Yan di-lepton production and a resonant production. Moreover, there has recently been introduced a novel leptoquark production mechanism that is of the t-channel topology which gives asymmetric leptoquark pairs in the final state. The novel production mechanism has the potential to be complementary to other leptoquark production mechanisms in limiting certain parts of the parameter space that is described by the relevant Yukawa couplings and leptoquark masses. This article will provide the most recent studies of that particular leptoquark production mechanism at LHC.
Expression of expanded uncertainty in accreditation scope regarding ILAC P14
Authors: Kafedžić-Briga Armina , Džaferović-Mašić Emina , Mutapčić Nedžadeta
Published: December 2022

We discuss the scope of accreditation presentation in certificates and annexes issued by NABs for calibration laboratories (accredited in accordance with ISO/IEC 17025 [1]) in accordance with ILAC P14:2020 [2], with specific requirements stated in clause 4.3 for expression of measurement uncertainty (expanded uncertainty) regarding the unit. Due to the close link between accreditation, metrology, and standardization, we consult BIPM documents [3] and discuss the practice in metrological institutes when it comes to expressions of expanded uncertainty in order to give another view and arguments on ILAC P14:2020 requirement for expanded uncertainty to be expressed only in terms of measurand's unit. We present our case for the quantity of temperature, in addition to some other physical quantities with similar cases as temperature.
Nonlinear Force Affecting Stock Market Volatility
Authors: Rajilić Zoran , Gak Dragana Malivuk , Škrgić Enes
Published: December 2022

We transform stock price time series to the time dependent force parameters using Newton’s second law (a kind of the information filtering). The force acts on a point in the space of data. One of ten force parameters, if its value in a short time interval is extremely large, announces increasing of the time series uncertainty. This delayed effect of the nonlinear force we interpret as sensitivity to initial conditions, for chaos combined with stochasticity, considering the time series generated by nonlinear differential equations with fluctuating function included. Our aim is to improve understanding and rough prediction of processes in complex systems.
Control of odd and even harmonic generation by bichromatic elliptically polarized fields
Authors: Šišić Majra , Habibović Dino , Milošević Dejan B.
Published: December 2022

Using the CO molecule as target, we investigate high-order harmonic generation by a bichromatic elliptically polarized laser field. This field consists of two elliptically polarized components with the commensurable frequencies and mutually orthogonal semi-major axes. Both odd and even harmonics are emitted and their ellipticity can be large depending on the values of the laser-field parameters. It is often the case that the ellipticity of subsequent odd and even harmonics is substantially different so that, in order to produce a series of high-order harmonics with similar ellipticity, it is beneficial if the emission of odd or even harmonics is suppressed. In this paper we explore how this can be achieved using the ellipticity of the laser-field components and the relative phase as control parameters. For some values of these parameters it is possible to produce a comb of odd or even harmonics with similar ellipticity. These harmonics can later be employed for various applications the example of which is the generation of an elliptically polarized attosecond pulse train.
Learning about the force of gravity: findings from a survey research
Authors: Movre Šapić I , Vidak A , Mešić V , Dekanić K
Published: December 2022

In recent years of social distance due to the pandemic, augmented reality (AR) with its ability to overlay real phenomena with digital content has become even more attractive for making physics experiments accessible to every student. Therefore, we have recently developed an AR application for Android mobile devices that allows users to study how the gravitational force between two spherical bodies depends on their masses and their mutual distance. The purpose of this study is to investigate students' experience of using this application. To that end, 85 undergraduate students from the University of Zagreb were asked to use our AR application for completing a task related to the concept of gravity. Thereafter, they were administered five open-ended and 30 close-ended questions from three different questionnaires: System Usability Scale (SUS), User Experience (UX), and Handheld Augmented Reality Usability Scale (HARUS). Analysis of students’ responses revealed that students perceived the application as easy to use, consistent, self-explanatory, and enjoyable. Valuable feedback was provided on possible improvements to the application.
Teaching physics for high-school students through real-life questions and situations
Authors: Kujović Velida , Džaferović-Mašić Emina , Popara Merjem Ustamujić
Published: December 2022

We present different approach in teaching physics for high-school students for various branches of physics, such as thermodynamics, electromagnetism, etc. When we use term “different”, we want to offer complementary approach to the traditional one. This approach involves bringing everyday situations [1], such as drinking tea in a desert, making coffee, etc., to the physics classroom context without theoretical teaching with formulae, laws, and definitions in the beginning or opening of the class. The idea is to develop logical concepts to prepare students for theoretical teaching and introduce formulae to them in order to have a complete frame of specific physical phenomena. Some classes include practical demonstrations [2] where students immerse in discussion and spontaneously involve in growing logical concepts needed for better adoption of definitions, laws, and formulae [3].
Increasing crop diversity and yield of black rice through intercropping with mungbean at different row proportions on raised-beds
Authors: Wangiyana W , Karlina V , Ernawati N M L
Published: December 2022

Additive intercropping with legume crops such as soybean, peanut and mungbean was reported to increase growth and yield of red rice grown on raised-beds under aerobic irrigation systems. This study aimed to examine the effects of row proportions of rice-mungbean on growth, yield and land equivalent ratio (LER) of black rice in intercropping with mungbean grown on raised-beds under replacement series. The experiment was conducted in Beleke, West Lombok, Indonesia, from November 2018 to March 2019, which was designed according to Randomized Complete Block Design testing four treatments (RM-1:0= rice monocrop; RM-2:1= rice-mungbean 2:1 rows, RM-2:2= 2:2 rows, and RM-1:2= 1:2 rows). To measure LER, monocropped mungbean was also planted in each block. All crops were planted under 20x20 cm plant spacing. The results indicated that row proportions of rice-mungbean significantly affected numbers of green leaves, tillers, panicles and filled grains per clump, panicle length, grain yield and dry straw weight per clump, and total LER, which were higher on black rice intercropped with higher proportions of mungbean (RM-2:2 and RM-1:2) than on monocropped black rice. Black rice grain yield per clump tended to be highest in RM-1:2 but total LER was significantly highest (1.27 or 127%) in RM-2:2.
Improving sorghum seed vigor by priming
Authors: Arief R , Fatmawati  , Syahruddin K , Fattah A
Published: December 2022

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is the fifth most important cereal that is widely used for food, feed, and industrial purposes. Sorghum is cultivated mostly in the central and eastern parts of Indonesia. Sorghum seed viability and vigor influence its productivity by affecting crop growth and stand establishment. Invigoration can also be called conditioning or priming, and is one method that could enhance seed germination in the soil under abiotic stress. Some priming methods are hydro priming, osmopriming, and matrix conditioning. This paper will discuss research on sorghum priming which showed that many priming techniques could improve germination performance, speed of germination, and emergence uniformity.
Web-based geographic information system for sago plant production land in Merauke District
Authors: Wayangkau I H , Suwarjono  , Loupatty Martha
Published: December 2022

Sago is also a symbol of indigenous peoples, sago has become one of the important staples. The land tension of sago plant production in Merauke regency is supported by natural conditions and the climate is good for the development of sago plants. in the current condition, the community still feels difficult in the search for sago land because there is no publication media for the location of sago crop production land developed by the Merauke Horticultural Agriculture Office, by building this system will help the community in finding sago land, The system is a geographical information system of sago plant production land in Merauke district based on the web that uses the PHP and Xampp programming languages as a localhost server over the Apache HTTP server program, MySQL database and PHP programming language translator. System testing performed on this system uses the Black Box method and Beta testing. The results of testing using Black Box found that the geographical information system of sago crop production land in Merauke regency based on the web can accelerate the process of searching for sago land developed by the Department of Agriculture and Horticultural. Keywords: geographical information system, sago plant production.
Impact of climate change on wetland paddy yield in Indonesia: analysis from crop-cutting survey (Ubinan) results
Authors: Saputra H , Fahmid I M , Salman D , Rahmadanih
Published: December 2022

Our study aims to examine farmers’ perceptions of the impact of climate change on their wetland paddy yield in Indonesia. We analyse the results of the Crop-Cutting Survey or Ubinan conducted by BPS-Statistics Indonesia annually to measure the yield of food crops in Indonesia. Applying a logistic regression model to the microdata of the survey, we found that farmers experiencing the impact of climate change in the form of either drought or flood are more likely to experience a significant drop in the yield than those who did not experience those impacts. Moreover, the Kernel Density estimation plot of the yield pointed out that farmers experiencing the impact of climate change have lower harvest yields than those who did not face any impact of climate change. Our findings confirm the importance of climate change impact mitigation on wetland paddy cultivation in Indonesia. It is pivotal to maintain Indonesian food security since rice is still the main staple food for most parts of the country.
Technical efficiency analysis of maize farming in Wajak District, Malang Regency with data envelopment analysis approach
Authors: Saeri M , Antarlina SS , Arifin Z , Latifah E , Rahman MS
Published: December 2022

Technical efficiency is becoming essential indicators in estimating agriculture productivity, The aims of this research are to estimate the technical efficiency level and analysis factors affecting the technical efficiency level of maize farmer. The research was conducted in Wajak Sub-District of Malang Regency in East Java, Indonesia. Primary data was collected from 110 maize farmers and analyzed by data envelopment analysis and Tobit regression model. The result of this study claimed that farmers in the research location are technically inefficient because of the technical efficiency level less than one. Furthermore, the result of Tobit regression shows that the farmers’ education level has a significant and positive effect on technical efficiency level. However, the family dependency and farmer group participation have a significant and negative effect on technical efficiency level. This finding can be concluded that farmers need to minimize the input usage to increase the technical efficiency level.
Study of the efficiency N, P, and K fertilizer application to increase yield of sweet corn on inceptisol
Authors: Fauziah L , Rahmawati D , Ratnawati T , Hanifah S , Sa’adah S Z , Istiqomah N
Published: December 2022

Inceptisols, Oxisols, Vertisols, and Andisols are the main agricultural soils in Indonesia because they have a very wide distribution, Inceptisols 70.52 million ha (37.5%), Oxisols 14.11 million ha (7.5%), Vertisol 2.12 million ha (1.1 %), and Andisol 5.40 million ha (2.9%) most of which are paddy fields. Sweet corn is planted in paddy fields at the second or third planting times after paddy. Farmers generally use inorganic fertilizers that only contain macro nutrients N, P, and K and often do not add Granulated Organic Fertilizers (GOF) which also contains micronutrients. The aim of the study was to determine the efficiency of N, P, and K fertilizers added with the right dose of GOF. The study was conducted in Malang at 2019 with 9 combination treatments of N, P, K fertilizer and GOF, repeated 3 times. The data obtained were analyzed for using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and continued with DMRT at α= 5%. The results showed that GOF are effectively combined with inorganic fertilizers and can increase agronomic levels by up to 25%. The use of 350 kg/ha-1 Urea+ 125 kg/ha-1 SP-36 + 125 kg/ha-1 KCl combined with GOF 2.500 kg/ha-1 could produce the highest harvest weight reaching 15.48 ton/ha-1.
Growth analysis of sweet corn plants treated with a soil amendment
Authors: Aisyawati Lina , Saeri Moh , Trijaya Dewi Sekarsari , Latifah Evy
Published: December 2022

This study examined the effect of Zeolite soil amendment on performance (growth and yield) of sweet corn.The experiment was carried out in rice fields in KP. Mojosari, Mojosari District, Mojokerto Regency in MK II 2021 (April to September 2021), with 10 fertilization treatments which are the combination of the best Zeolite soil improver fertilization dose on sweet corn plants, including treatment A (control), B (Urea 200 kg/ha, ZA 100 kg/ha, NPK 275 kg/ha, without Zeolite), C (Urea 200 kg/ha, ZA 100 kg/ha, NPK 275 kg/ha, Zeolite 1,250 kg/ha), D (Urea 200 kg/ha, ZA 100 kg/ha, NPK 275 kg/ha, Zeolite 2,500 kg/ha), E (Urea 200 kg/ha, ZA 100 kg/ha, NPK 275 kg/ha, Zeolite 3750 kg/ha), F (Urea 200 kg/ha, ZA 100 kg/ha, NPK 275 kg/ha, Zeolite 5,000 kg/ha), treatment G (Urea 150 kg/ha, ZA 75 kg/ha, NPK 200 kg/ha, Zeolite 1,250 kg/ha), H (Urea 150 kg/ha, ZA 75 kg/ha, NPK 200 kg/ha, Zeolite 2,500 kg/ha), I (Urea 150 kg/ha, ZA 75 kg/ha, NPK 200 kg/ha, Zeolite 3,750 kg/ha), J (Urea 150 kg/ha, ZA 75 kg/ha). ha, NPK 200 kg/ha, Zeolite 5,000 kg/ha), which was repeated 3 times, using a Randomized Block Design (RAK), analyzed by ANOVA if significantly different followed by Duncan’s Significant Difference Test (DMRT 5%). Parameters measured were leaf area, leaf area index, plant growth rate, net assimilation rate, ear length, ear diameter, weight per plant ear and cob weight per hectare. The results showed that Zeolite soil enhancer was quite effective in increasing growth which affected the yield of sweet corn obtained. Provision of Zeolite soil amendment as much as 1,250 kg/ha accompanied by Urea fertilization 200 kg/ha + ZA 100 kg/ha + NPK 275 kg/ha obtained the highest yield of sweet corn cobs of 22.35 t/ha.
Development strategy of Marigold flower farming integrated with Trigona bees in the ecotourism area of ancient tree “kayu putih”
Authors: Widiyanti N. M. N. Z. , Sukanteri N. P. , Suparyana P. K. , Wahyuningsih E. , Syaputra M. , Lestari A. T.
Published: December 2022

Marigold flower farming community is a group of farmers who carry out the processing production of marigold flower agricultural products. This study was to identify internal and external conditions, as well as determine strategies that can be used in developing an integrated marigold flower farm with Trigona bees. This research was conducted in the “Kayu Putih” Ancient Tree Ecotourism Area at Tabanan Regency in the Gumitir Flower Farmer Community, with a total of 26 respondents. The alternative strategy formulation process goes through two stages, namely: The data collection stage; and the Analysis phase. Based on the research results, the internal conditions in the development of Integrated Marigold Flower Farming with Trigona Bees are the availability of production facilities, short marketing chain, Religious facilities, Health products, lack of manpower, lack of skills, cultivation knowledge. While the external environment in the development of Marigold Flower Farming Integrated with Trigona Bees, namely: local government attention; establishing partnership relationship; development of technology and information; There are lots of bee-feeding flowers; competitive product price; changes in the weather; pest attack; Decreased tourist visits. These results place this farm in the position of cell V. The strategy used in cell V is a hold and maintain strategy. This strategy can be done through sales promotion with social media or extensive sales promotion, for example, by providing additional bonus products for purchases in large quantities and providing tour packages by adding flower and honey harvesting activities in the garden. Another strategy that can be done is to provide better services, such as continuous product availability, consistent product quality, timely and ordered delivery, and friendliness to customers and tourists when buying and visiting the Ecotourism Area of Ancient Tree “Kayu Putih”.
Implications of using fermentation plant extract formulations against pests and predator in rice plants
Authors: Farida  , Sjam S , Rosmana A , Sulaeha  , Dewi V S , Wardiman M A , Husain A
Published: December 2022

Currently the use of plant extracts to reduce pest attacks is a concern. Mixed formulation of two plant extracts Calatropis gigantea and Crescentia cujete was applied in the filed rice to assess the effectiveness of these formulations in reducing insect pest populations and predatory (natural enemies). The results showed that the combination of C. gigantea and C. cujete in one formulation could reduce the population of the main pests of rice plants and did not affect the presence of natural enemies (predators). The field trials showed that mixing C. gigante and C. cujete in liquid formulation reduced pest population compared the farmer with treatment synthetic pesticide. Population decrease of scipophaga innotata with range 21-77 percent, Cnaphalocrosis medinalis 25-79 percent. The abundance of pests was very low when using the plant extract formulation, whilst the synthetic pesticide generally had a higher number of pests. Predator numbers were higher in plant extract formulation and low with synthetic insecticide by farmer application. Synthetic insecticides have a very large impact on predators while plant extract formulations have no impact because the predator population is still higher than application by synthetic. Plant extract formulation (mixed C. gigantean and C. cujete) is more effective in reducing population pests than synthetic pesticides. The plant growth parameters were better in the treatment of plant extracts formulation than the application by farmer. This research indicated that using plant extracts formulation effective to control pests can be as effective compared as synthetic insecticides by using of farmer.
Profitability and profit risk analysis of corn farming in District of Utan, Sumbawa Regency: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Yakin Addinul , Putri Hera Fatira , Amiruddin
Published: December 2022

The planting area of corn on Sumbawa Island continues to increase, although deforestation is leading to environmental disasters. This raises the question of whether this commodity is profitable enough for farmers and how high the level of profit risk is. Research has been carried out using multi-stage random sampling. This research was conducted in the district of Utan as, one of the high planting areas and amount of corn production in Sumbawa Regency. Then, 3 (three) villages out of 9 (nine) villages in the district were determined as samples by purposive sampling method representing villages with different levels of productivity. Pukat Village for the highest productivity, Orong Bawa Village for medium productivity, and Stowe Brang Village for low productivity with total respondents of 30 people. The result of the study showed that corn farming provides high profitability but with a relatively high-profit risk. This risk is partly due to the variation and relatively high production costs, especially for labor and water machine rent due to different financial capacities among farmers. The limited and scarce availability of seeds, fertilizers, and water, as well as weather uncertainty, were also considered responsible for the high-profit risk of corn farming. It is desirable to continuously provide financial assistance and/or subsidized inputs for farmers to ensure that they have enough money/funding to run good corn farming practices.
Paddy soil quality assessment to sustaining food security
Authors: Dewi W S , Romadhon M R , Amalina D D , Aziz A
Published: December 2022

Soil is a vital non-renewable natural resource for food production. Healthy, nutritious, and good-quality food is only produced through healthy soil. As the essential food commodity in Indonesia, rice is mainly cultivated in heavily degraded paddy soil, characterized by low organic C content and available N, P, and K nutrients. The challenges of increasing food demand due to increasing population, narrow agricultural land, and climate change lead to severe pressure on paddy fields. Monitoring soil quality is necessary to prevent the ongoing degradation of rice fields and threaten food security. This paper is a literature review that reveals the importance of evaluating soil quality and determining the limiting factors so that a soil health-based paddy soil management strategy can be sought to sustain food security.
Adaptation of growth and yield of several hybrid corn varieties of Balitbangtan on dryland agroecosystems in young Albasia Forest Area
Authors: Jauhari S , Samijan  , Praptana RH , Setiapermas MN , Utomo B , Oelviani R
Published: December 2022

Select varieties with high yields and adaptive to the environment are one way to increase corn productivity. The study aimed to determine the adaptability of the growth and yield characteristics of superior national varieties of hybrid maize to shade stress. The study was carried out in a community forest area, Kalices Village, Kendal Regency, from March-September 2020. The study was designed using a split-split plot randomized block design with treatments for each sub-plot: (1) shade blocks 0%, 20%, and 40%; (2) application of cultivation technology for plant management recommendations for Integrated Crop Management (PTT) and farmer recommendations; (3) Varieties JH-37, NASA-29, and existing farmer hybrids. Data were analyzed using variance; if they were significantly different, they were further tested by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the 5% level. The results showed that the highest adaptive capacity was obtained by local corn with a density of 20%. The local hybrid variety Bisi-18 showed the highest dry shelled yield at 5.9 t/ha, followed by Nasa 29 at 5.8 t/ha dry shelled, and the JH 37 variety at 5.2 t/ha dry shelled.
Design of sago starch sifting machine with electric motor drive
Authors: Widanarti I , Setiawan Y , Witdarko Y , Mangera Y
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this research is to produce a sago starch sieving machine with an electric motor drive. This study used an experimental method by making and testing a sago starch sieving tool. The starch material used is Dwitrap sago starch. The calculations carried out are the calculation of the pulley speed and the capacity of the tool, while the sieving test was carried out by sifting 5 kg of sago starch which was repeated 3 times. The size of the sieve used is 100 mesh, from the sifting results will be obtained sago starch that passes and does not pass the sieve. In addition, the water content of sago starch was calculated before sieving. The results showed that the sago starch sieving machine with electric motor drive had specifications: length 114 cm, width 74 cm, overall height 90 cm. This tool consists of 4 main components, namely, the frame, the output, the sifter, and the electric motor. The resulting pulley speed is n1 1,400 rpm, n2 600 rpm while n3 150 rpm. The working capacity of the machine is 76.75kg/hour. with an average of 4.03 kg of sago starch that passed the sieve and 0.96 kg of which did not pass. The water content test on Dwitrap sago starch showed that the water content was still high, namely 16.23%. The high water content in sago starch will greatly affect the sieve results.
Local food diversity in Minangkabau
Authors: Oktavianus  , Anwar Khairil
Published: December 2022

The Minangkabau tribe in West Sumatra is rich in local foods developed from the raw materials derived from various flora and fauna found in Minangkabau. The existence of Rumah Makan Minang, which can also be called Rumah Makan Padang spread throughout Indonesia and even abroad is the reflection of the wealth of various local Minangkabau foods. The diversity of local Minangkabau food can be seen in the variations of food and culinary in Minangkabau society and even in Rumah Makan Padang. In this regard, this study attempts to investigate and map how local Minangkabau food diversity is created. The data for this study are collected in West Sumatra. Interviews and discussions are done in the field to identify the model of food diversity. The result of the study shows that the wealth of natural resources in Minangkabau greatly contributes to the development of local Minangkabau foods. Two models of food diversity are developed. The first model is the food diversity derived from certain parts of the main ingredient only. The second one is the food diversity derived from many parts of the main ingredient. The result of the study also indicates that local food diversity is related to the appetite of both the cook or producers and consumers. Cultural contact and technology are two main aspects triggering the food diversity in Minangkabau.
The growing shallots (Allium wakegi Araki.) treats with combination between an organic fertilizer and seaweed extract
Authors: Yusuf R , Mahfudz  , Muhardi  , Syakur A , Riyanto M , Kadekoh I
Published: December 2022

Shallot (Allium wakegi Araki.) is one the leading commodities of the Central Sulawesi and also the ingredient material of making fried onion for industry purposes. This study aims to determine the effect of a combination of various types of seaweed extract and organic fertilizers such as N, P, and K on the Growth and yield of Shallots of lembah palu variety. The experimnet used a Randomized Block Design (RBD). With treatment, namely T1 (Ulva sp. seaweed extract 50 ml/plant), T2 (Cauelerpa sp. seaweed extract 50 ml/plant), T3 (Sargassum sp. seaweed extract 50 ml/plant), T4 (NPK fertilizer 20 gram/plots), T5 (Ulva sp. seaweed extract 50 ml/plant dan NPK 20 g/plot), T6 (Cauelerpa sp. seaweed extract 50 ml/plant and NPK 20 g/plot) and T7 (Sargassum sp. seaweed extract 50 ml/plant and NPK 20 g/plot). Therefore, there were 7 treatments and every treatment was repeated three times. Therefore, there were 21 experimental units. The results showed that the application of a combination between various types of seaweed extract and NPK on shallots significantly affected all observations except plant height. The treatment combination between Ulva sp seaweed extract and NPK produces the best value compared to other treatments.
Paludiculture: Peatland utilization for food security
Authors: Yuwati T W , Pratiwi D
Published: December 2022

Degraded tropical peatland in Indonesia has been restored since 2016 through 3R efforts including rewetting, revegetation, and revitalization of local livelihood. Many studies concluded that the involvement of the local community is the key to the success of peatland restoration. The restoration that touches the local community’s livelihood will be well accepted and adopted. Paludiculture is cultivation in wetlands. It is an alternative to peatland utilization without drainage. This paper presents challenges and opportunities in the establishment and development of paludiculture and at the same time presents paludiculture species that have been developed in Central Kalimantan province to support food security. A survey on food-producing paludiculture species was carried out in semi-structured interviews and field observation in Central Kalimantan. The results showed that the presence of food-producing paludiculture species was very limited. Lack of information and knowledge on local peatland species, lack of seed sources and inappropriate rewetting techniques were challenges that are being faced in the development of paludiculture.
Legal protection for availability, quality food safety and food waste management
Authors: Silambi Erni Dwita , Ismail Nurwita , Azis Yuldiana Zesa , Badilla Nurul Widhanita Y. , Suradinata Poetri Enindah
Published: December 2022

Legal protection for consumers from the circulation of food containing hazardous substances is increasingly felt to be very important, given the rapid development of science and technology that can have a negative impact on human behavior. The method used is to combine normative legal research and empirical legal research which is intended to be able to examine regulations relating to consumer protection and to find out the application of these regulations in society by seeking information directly, namely by conducting interviews with parties who then described in narrative form. The results of the research that have been carried out conclude that legal protection for consumers in Merauke Regency for each food product must meet food safety and quality standards by conducting laboratory tests on the food to be produced and distributed. Production Permits can be granted to business actors if they meet the requirements in the Food Law. The Health Service and BPOM also routinely monitor food and beverages circulating in Merauke so that consumers as consumers are protected from food containing hazardous substances. There are still many business actors who distribute food or drinks that are not suitable for consumption because the sanctions given are only administrative sanctions so that they do not provide a deterrent effect. polluting the environment.
Improvement of desirable dietary pattern (Ddp) to support food security in Banggai Laut Regency
Authors: Damayanti L , Kalaba Y , Herman  , Erny  , Sultan H
Published: December 2022

One of the ways to determine food independence is through the quality of the diversity of food consumption as measured by the Desirable Dietary Pattern (DDP) score. DDP can be used as a measure of nutritional balance and food diversity consumed by residents in an area. The desirable dietary pattern score is one of the indicators to measure the quality of regional food consumption. The maximum DDP score, which is 100, indicates a situation of diverse food consumption and good composition and nutritional quality. In fact, the DDP in Banggai Laut Regency has not been achieved. The basic method of this research is the method of share of food expenditure, consumption calculation, and share calculations. The location is determined by purposive sampling, while the sample using the census method by taking the entire population in Bangkurung and Banggai Tengah which are 88 respondents. The results showed that the Energy Sufficiency Analysis showed that respondents in Banggai Laut Regency were classified as food insecure in terms of energy adequacy absorption. Therefore, Food Expenditure Share Analysis showed that respondents were categorized as food insecure and the level of energy availability is equal to 2,189.23 kcal/cap/day, the level of protein availability is 58,696 gr/cap/day, and DDP consumption in is 78,59407.
The linkage between cash crops choice and food security of rural household in Indonesia
Authors: Asih DN , Rustam AR
Published: December 2022

The increasing concern of food security has guided agricultural transformation as a means for economic development and poverty alleviation. This paper aims to explore the main interaction between the transformations of agriculture on cash crop choice to the food security of rural households in Indonesia. The principal component analysis is applied (PCA) to generate an index of food security over components of availability, accessibility and food stability on the food security of the households over time. The analysis is based on a household panel data survey (2001, 2006 and 2013) in the rain forest region of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. The findings show that choosing cash crops enhances the food security of a household. Cocoa was found to have significant positive implications on improving food security, particularly by ensuring food accessibility and food stability of the rural household.
Impacts of banana blood disease outbreak to the farmers’ households food security in Sumba Island, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia
Authors: Nampa I Wayan , Mudita I Wayan , Widinugraheni Sri , Natonis Remi Lasarus , Surayasa Made Tusan
Published: December 2022

Bananas are cultivated everywhere in Indonesia, including in the dryland areas of East Nusa Tenggara. In the province, diferrent banana cultivars are cultivated for different purposes. Well adapted the dry climate, Musa ABB Pisang Kepok is the most widely cultivated in the province, including in Sumba Island where it is known locally as Pisang Marmi. Unfortunately, despite its ability to adapt to dry climate, this banana cultivar is susceptible to most destructive disease of banana, especially to blood diseaae of banana (BDB). It was not surprising that when an outbreak of this disease took place in the island in early 2000s, it was this banana cultivar that was suffered the most. This article was based on a research project conducted in 2019, aimed at determining impacts caused by the outbreak to local economy, especially to food security, and understanding responses of the local governments to the outbreak. The study employed a mixed method approach, in which data were collected through a survey by interviewing 63 farmers, community leaders, and government officers. The resulting quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis, whereas the qualitative data were subject to thematic analysis. Results of the analysis indicated that the BDB outbreak severely impacted the local food security in particular and the local economy in general. The outbreak was still ravaging, kept spreading, destroying bananas in the island, especially the Musa ABB Pisang Kepok known locally as Pisang Marmi. The district government where the outbreak first started did take the necessary control measures. However, such control measures was taken too late after the disease had spread out throughout the district, allowing the disease to spread further East destroying bananas in the hree other districts. In addition, the participation of local farmers in controlling the disease was low because lack of information, limited available resources, and governance regime that far from collaborative, not too mention adaptive. Who finally suffered the most were small-scale farmers whose food and income depended heavily on bananas. The kept-spreading disease posed similar threats to farmer is nearby islands of Flores and Timor.
The food security policy model in the village government
Authors: Fitriani  , Tambaip Beatus , Tambajong Hesty , Lekatompesy Ransta , Saragih Dapot P
Published: December 2022

This study aims to create a policy model for food security, especially sago food, for village governments in Papua. Sago is the main food for the Papuan people, but now it is starting to be replaced with rice. This is due to the decreasing number of sago plants in Papua’s forests and cultural shifts that affect the mindset of food consumption. This study will use qualitative research methods with literature studies and data from several villages that have successfully implemented policies that cultivate sago, make sago food the main food and make sago an attraction for the village as a sago tourism village. The results of this study in the form of a sago food security policy model that is appropriate for use in the village government is a group or group model policy model where the village head will try to unite all groups in the community by bargaining, negotiating and compromising so that the interests of community welfare can be fully stated. In the concept of creative and independent sago food security, but still requires the support of all parties outside the village community group, so that there will be a unification of group interests with the pentahelix concept.
A sociological perspective on food security and food insecurity in West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia
Authors: Sayuti R H , Taqiuddin M , Hidayati S A , Hayati  , Muttaqin M Z
Published: December 2022

The province of West Nusa Tenggara (WNT) once made a history of rice self-sufficiency in Indonesia. In 1984 through the Gogo Rancah policy, WNT managed to get out of the food crisis to become self-sufficient in rice. This achievement caught the whole world’s attention because President Suharto specifically conveyed this success in a speech at the FAO Forum in Rome in 1984. Since then, the Province of West Nusa Tenggara has become a place of learning for many countries, especially in dryland agriculture with the gogo rancah system. This study aims to examine various approaches that have been taken by the government so that they have succeeded in increasing the production and productivity of farmers in WNT, especially for rice commodities. Furthermore, what factors influence that they are successful in their farming business. Another objective is to find out the relationship between food security policies and the occurrence of food insecurity in West Nusa Tenggara. The method applied to answer the problems and objectives of this research is the literature review method. The author collects articles from various relevant scientific journals and takes open data from the Central Statistics Agency. The conclusions of this study are as follows: first, various approaches that the government has taken in dealing with food security in West Nusa Tenggara have succeeded in increasing the production and productivity of rice farmers. Second, the factors that influence the success include the awareness and increasing knowledge of farmers and high participation in the application of the technology introduced. Third, the increase in rice production has not been successfully eliminating the problem of food insecurity in West Nusa Tenggara.
The role of agribusiness institutions in the progress of cocoa farming in West Sulawesi
Authors: Zulkiflibasri  , Bulkis Siti , Arsyad Muhammad , Bdr M. Farid
Published: December 2022

In an effort to improve the quality of cocoa, it can be done by improving the upstream sub-system or at the production level, in this case at the level of farmers who are in the weakest position. However, quality improvement will be difficult to realize if it only relies on farmers who still apply traditional farming methods; therefore, synergy from cocoa agribusiness institutions is needed in helping farmers obtain information about plantation governance to increase cocoa production and productivity. Cocoa farming with institutional formation is as a driver and manager in groups and individually. Because agricultural development does not only talk about the activities of farmers as individuals but also includes agricultural businesses, transportation, finance, and government agencies, this research uses a comprehensive literature study method for the publication of articles with the same title. Articles were obtained from the digital database of websites Google scholar, Researchgate, ScienceDirect, and other online journal sources. The mobilization and utilization of people-based economic resources at an early stage, such as community empowerment, also requires sponsorship and support from the government so that local communities are able to gain access to local economic resources that are able to create added value through the opening of productive and competitive economic business units. There is also a need for a more active role from the government in providing support to farmers in the form of assistance, development, and application of technology to increase the organization’s competitiveness in the global market.
Analysis of the effectiveness of the community food barn program on food security for farmer families during the Covid-19 pandemic in West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Sari N M W , Sjah T , Maryati S , Supartiningsih N L S , Ayu C , Yanuartati B Y E
Published: December 2022

The work of this research was to analyze the effectiveness of the community food barn in terms of the availability and easy access of the community, both farmer members of the barn and other communities in the village to food, and to analyze the comparison of the income levels of farmers who are members of the community food barn with non-members. This research was conducted in West Lombok Regency. This study uses secondary data and primary data. Secondary data were obtained from literature studies. Meanwhile, primary data was obtained from direct observation and interviews by using a questionnaire with 60 respondents. The data in this study were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results of this study show that the Community Food Barn Program in West Lombok has not been effective. The most tangible benefit from the existence of the Community Food Barn Program is that members can use the Food Barn to store their harvested grain and guarantee the availability of food reserves for members and the entire family because they are allowed to borrow grain.
Seaweed production based on the distance of culture location from river mouth and oceanographic factors
Authors: Bohari Ridwan , Musbir Musbir
Published: December 2022

Seaweed culture develop in the coastal of Bantaeng, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. This study aims to identify the production of seaweed in different distance culture locations from the river and oceanographic factors. The study was conducted in the marine coastal of Bantaeng regency. There are three stations were chosen for the study that consist station A was 1 km from the river mouth, Station B was 2 km, and Station C was 3 km. The production seaweed was weighed after harvest from 3 sites in each station. The oceanographic factors were measured in each site during culture activity. Seaweed production after 45-day culture ranged from 8,200 to 12,800 kg wet/ha. The highest production occurred in the location 3 km from the river mouth and the lowest occurred at 1 km from the river. The sea temperature, salinity, pH, brightness, and current velocity were suitable for seaweed culture.