bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Volumetric Dynamics of Lorica Forming Material Across the Cell Cycle in the Model Tintinnid Schmidingerella (Alveolata, Ciliophora)
Authors: Agatha Sabine , Weißenbacher Birgit , Böll Laura , Ganser Maximilian H.
Published: September 2024

Background
Tintinnids are marine planktonic ciliates with tube-shaped or vase-shaped loricae (shells). During cell division, lorica forming material (LFM) is generated and accumulates in the proter (anterior division product). After transverse fission, the proter leaves the lorica and secretes the material, creating its own shell, while the opisthe (posterior division product) retains the parental one. The timing of material production and its final quantity are unknown.
Results
Our study focuses on Schmidingerella Agatha & Strüder-Kypke, 2012, a model tintinnid genus with transparent, champagne flute-shaped loricae. We define five division stages based on the shapes of the opisthe’s newly forming membranellar zone (oral primordium), a feature recognisable both in live and fixed material. In monoclonal, methyl blue-eosin-stained culture material from the Northeast Pacific, the LFM is first perceptible in middle dividers and finally occupies on average 6.7% of the cell volume. The wall volume of the finished lorica estimated by a shape function is at least 4.5-fold larger than the volume of the intracellular material. Protargol-stained field material from the Chesapeake Bay at the Northwest Atlantic provides detailed morphometric data on morphostatic specimens (non-dividers) and dividers. Specimens from our culture and from the field material match in the timing of LFM production and its intracellular distribution.
Conclusions
The LFM is generated only during a certain period of the cell cycle, i.e., in early middle to late dividers. The LFM quantities in the different cell portions (anterior, middle, and posterior portion) suggest an increased production at the level of the oral primordium and the macronuclear nodules prior to its translocation into the anterior portion. The much larger volume of the finished lorica wall indicates a distinct swelling of the material after its secretion by the proter.
Multiresolution Evaluation of Contourlet Transform for the Diagnosis of Skin Cancer
Authors: Sikkander Abdul Razak Mohamed , Lakshmi V. Vidya , Theivanathan G. , Radhakrishnan K.
Published: September 2024

The successful treatment of skin cancer and better patient outcomes depend on an early and precise diagnosis.This work offers a multiresolution assessment of the contourlet transform for the diagnosis of skin cancer, utilizing its capacity to catch fine features in images at many scales and orientations. The contourlet transform is applied to dermoscopic images to enhance feature extraction, providing a more comprehensive representation of skin lesions compared to traditional methods. The proposed method involves preprocessing dermoscopic images to improve clarity and reduce noise, followed by the application of the contourlet transform to decompose the images into various frequency bands. These decomposed images are then analyzed to extract relevant textural and structural features, which are subsequently used to train a machine learning classifier. A collection of annotated skin lesion photos is used for performance evaluation, and the outcomes are compared with state-of-the-art methods currently in use. The efficacy of the suggested method is evaluated using metrics including sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The findings show that the contourlet transform-based approach performs better than traditional methods in capturing important characteristics of skin lesions, improving the ability to distinguish benign from malignant lesions and improving diagnostic accuracy. The contourlet transform is a formidable tool for the multiresolution analysis of skin cancer images, according to the study's conclusion, and it has a lot of promise for enhancing dermatology computer-aided diagnosis systems.
Multiplex immunohistochemistry reveals histological features of three different intestinal polyp subtypes in pediatric patients
Authors: huang Lanlan , Liu Xinjia , Li Songyang , Liu Yongjie , Chen Weijian , Li Yana , Peng Hongyan , Wang Xiangyu , Xiong Peiwen , Yang Qinglan , Wu Shuting , Che Ling , Zhao Hongmei , Deng Yafei
Published: September 2024

Background Histologically, our understanding of intestinal polyps remains limited in scope, particularly regardingthe diverse subtypes observed in pediatric patients. To enhance our comprehension, three different polyp subtypes including solitary juvenile polyps (SJPs), juvenile polyposis syndrome (JPS)-related polyps, and Peutz‒Jegherssyndrome (PJS)-related polyps were investigated.
Methods This study usedadvanced multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) technology to analyze polyps comprising 4 SJP, 4 JPS and 4 PJS polyps from 12 individual patients who underwent colonoscopies or radical surgical procedures. subtypes.
Results These mIHC analysesrevealed some differences among these polyp subtypes. PJS-related polyps, specifically, displayed epithelial dysplasia with dendritic gland hyperplasia and distinct villous structures adorned with finger-like projections on their surfaces. In contrast, SJP and JPS polyps exhibited cystic glandular dilation, with their surfaces lined with continuous but eroded epithelia. Furthermore, PJS polyps had an abundance of microvessels and thick smooth muscle fibers, whereas SJP and JPS polyps were characterized by lymphoid follicle-like structures.
Conclusions These findings not only deepen our structural understanding of various intestinal polyp subtypes but also offer valuable insights that may inform the diagnosis of patients with these conditions.
Quantitative Imaging of Regional Cerebral Protein Synthesis in Clinical Alzheimer's Disease by [11C]Leucine PET
Authors: Herholz Karl , McMahon Adam , Thompson Jennifer C. , Jones Matthew , Boutin Herve , Gregory Jamil , Parker Christine A. , Hinz Rainer
Published: September 2024

Purpose
Protein synthesis is essential to maintain integrity and function of the human brain, and protein synthesis is associated specifically with the formation of long-term memory. Experimental and clinical observations indicate that this process is disturbed in Alzheimer’s dementia and other neurodegenerative diseases. In-vivo investigation with positron emission tomography (PET) using [11C]leucine provides a unique possibility to measure regional cerebral protein synthesis (rCPS) rates in human brain and to determine whether it is altered in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and thus may provide a target for future therapeutic interventions.
Procedures
In this first human study, we measured rCPS by [11C]leucine PET in four patients with AD (age 57-73 years) and compared the results with six healthy controls (three of whom were age matched and the other three were young controls). Quantification of rCPS also required measurement of amino acid (AA) levels and of free and protein-bound [11C]leucine in plasma during the 90 min PET scans conducted following at least six hours of fasting.
Results
Rates of rCPS measured in absolute units of nmol/g/min ranged between 1.81 and 2.53 in AD patients, 2.10 and 2.54 in matched controls, and 2.21 to 2.35 in the young controls. Mean and median values did not show significant differences between the groups. Rates of rCPS also depended upon whether corrections for plasma AA levels were included in the calculations.
When considering regional values relative to the corpus callosum as a reference region, there was a tendency towards impairment of rCPS in patients, which was most prominent in the parietal cortex, but did not reach significance. Similar findings were observed with normalisation of the rCPS to global cortical mean.
Conclusions
In summary, this first human study assessing regional protein synthesis with [11C]leucine in AD has demonstrated where the sources of variance in measurements of cerebral protein synthesis may arise, along with the potential magnitude of this variance. This study also indicates that there is a tendency towards impairment of rCPS in patients with Alzheimer’s disease, which requires further investigation.
Using the method of correcting coefficients to detect the presence and location of defect in a ribbed structure by piezoelectric parts
Authors: Gandomkar Mohammad , Farahi Saied , Dadkhah Mahdi
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this research is the detect of presence and location of defects in a reinforced plate, using piezoelectric patches, for structural health monitoring. In this study, an array of piezoelectric parts is used, each of these parts produces ultrasonic guided waves in structure, called actuator and other parts receive the waves, called sensors. The amount of energy received from piezoelectric pieces will be different after passing the distance between actuators and sensors in healthy and damaged paths. This difference is used to detect the presence and location of the defects. To check the state of defect, the visualization of the damage probability function is used and the damage index is calculated based on continuous wavelet transformation. The presence of rib in the structure causes the amount of energy received to be different compared to the path without ribs. Therefore, reinforcements are recognized as defects in the visualization of probability function. In this research, the amount of energy received from piezoelectric sensors is equated with the amount of energy of an unribbed structure, using correction coefficients, so that only real defects of the structure can be recognized as damages. In this research, the selected structure is a ribbed aluminum plate, which is widely used in the aviation industries. The defect placed in the structure is considered as a gap in different locations, and the obtained results show that the method of correcting the coefficients improves the accuracy of identifying the defect presence and location.
Can digitalization and greenification develop synergistically?
Authors: Yang Yuetao , Lu You , Zhang Yan
Published: September 2024

The Yangtze River Delta is the region with the most active economic development, the highest degree of openness and the strongest innovation capacity in China. Under the background of the rapid development of digitalization and information technology on a global scale, as well as the increasingly strong global call for addressing climate change and environmental issues, the Yangtze River Delta region is facing new opportunities for the coordinated development of digitalization and green. Therefore, this paper constructs a multidimensional index system to evaluate the digitalization and green level of 41 urban agglomerations including the Yangtze River Delta, and analyzes the digitalization and green coordination progress of the Yangtze River Delta from 2011 to 2020 by means of the entropy weight TOPSIS method and the modified coupling coordination degree model. The findings are as follows: (1) There is positive interaction and mutual promotion between digitization and greening in the Yangtze River Delta, which is conducive to promoting sustainable development. (2) The digitization level of the Yangtze River Delta has been significantly improved during the sample period, and the level of green and digital green collaborative development also maintains a steady upward trend. Compared with the other three provinces, the level of digitalization, green and digital green collaborative development of Shanghai is significantly higher. The research of this paper can provide certain theoretical and practical reference for the Yangtze River Delta to realize the digital green collaborative development under the goal of "double carbon".
Correlation of Urinary Glyphosate Levels with Whole Blood Selenium Levels among a Representative Sample of US Adults: NHANES 2013-2018
Authors: Chu Pei-Lun , Hsiao Ching Chung , Wang ChiKang , Lin Chien-Yu
Published: September 2024

Purpose: Glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH), extensively utilized as herbicides worldwide, have been associated with numerous health issues. Previous experimental studies have indicated their potential to disrupt selenium homeostasis by either interfering with uptake or increasing oxidative stress. However, there is a significant research gap concerning the connection between glyphosate exposure and selenium status in epidemiological studies, particularly within nationally representative samples.
Methods: In this study, we examined data from the 2013-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), involving 3011 participants aged 3 and above. Our main objective was to examine the connection between urinary glyphosate levels, whole blood selenium, and selenium intake.
Results: Our analysis did not uncover an association between urinary glyphosate and selenium intake. Nevertheless, we observed a negative correlation between urinary glyphosate levels and whole blood selenium, with a ß coefficient of -1.984, S.E. = 0.639, and P = 0.003 in the final model. We also reported a notable decrease in the average concentrations of whole blood selenium as glyphosate tertiles increased, with P-values for trend of 0.033. Furthermore, the association was particularly prominent among females, non-Hispanic whites, and individuals with lower selenium intake.
Conclusions: In this thorough examination of NHANES data, our study uncovers a possible detrimental connection between glyphosate exposure and whole blood selenium levels. These findings underscore the importance of further investigation into the health consequences of glyphosate exposure and its potential influence on selenium status, thereby raising awareness of potential implications for public health.
Predictive value of urine misfolded protein in preeclampsia in twin pregnancies
Authors: Liang Qiufeng , Sun Luming
Published: September 2024

Objective
To assess the utility of urinary misfolded proteins (MP) in predicting pre-eclampsia (PE) in high-risk twin pregnancies.
Methods
A prospective study was conducted on 600 high-risk twin pregnancies at Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital from March to August 2021. Clinical data were collected, and urinary MP levels were measured. Subsequently, fetal outcomes were monitored. The patients were categorized into three groups based on the presence of PE: unaffected PE group, early-onset PE (ePE) group (gestational age < 34 weeks), and late-onset PE (lPE) group (gestational age ≥ 34 weeks). The predictive value of MP in PE was evaluated using analysis of variance, chi-square test, and ROC curve analysis.
Results
A total of 464 twin pregnancies were included in the study, among which 66 cases (14.2%) developed PE, including 19 cases of ePE (4.1%) and 47 cases (10.1%) of lPE. Significant differences were found in maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, BMI ≥ 28km/m2, mean systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, Mean arterial pressure (MAP), MAP ≥ 85 mmHg, history of PE, history of chronic hypertension, and positive urine protein. The maternal and fetal complications of twin pregnancies with PE were higher than those without PE (P < 0.05). When maternal factors (MF), MAP, and MP were used to predict ePE and lPE alone, the area under the ROC curve of MF was the largest, at 0.739 (95%CI: 0.619–0.860) and 0.692 (95%CI: 0.603–0.782), respectively. The area under the ROC curve of the combination of the three factors was 0.770 (95%CI: 0.703–0.837), higher than that of a single index.In addition, MP predicted the positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of PE from 12 to 15+ 6 gestational weeks as 57.9% and 89.2%, respectively; from 16 to 27+ 6 gestational weeks as 36.2% and 89.9%, respectively; and during the 12–27+ 6 gestational weeks as 42.4% and 92.2%, respectively.
Conclusion
The detection of MP in the urine of twin pregnancies is a non-invasive and convenient method for predicting PE. If the test result is positive, enhanced monitoring and timely transfer to a superior hospital are necessary; If the test result is negative, it indicates a low risk of developing PE, reducing the need for excessive clinical examination and intervention.
Successful treatment with PR-mini-CHP for elderly relapsed and refractory mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Oka Satoko , Akagi Yuina , Ono Kazuo
Published: September 2024

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) often shows repeated remission, relapse, and resistance to therapy, and the current standard treatment for aggressive MCL, particularly in elderly patients remains inadequate. Ibrutinib has achieved good response rates; however, primary and secondary resistance has been reported with poor clinical outcomes. Furthermore, a high-risk subset characterized by TP53 aberrations, high Ki67% levels, a blastoid histology, and complex karyotype obtained limited benefits. Polatuzumab vedotin (Pola) has potential for the treatment of relapsed/refractory (R/R) B-cell lymphoma. We herein showed that Pola-R-mini-CHP was an effective and safe therapy for elderly R/R MCL patients with high-risk markers.
Assessing the causal relationship between immune cell and Parkinson's disease by bi-directional Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Han Qiang , Luo Xia , Zhang Shaotao , Zhou Zhou , Wang Longbing , Li Jinglun , Zhang Bo
Published: September 2024

Previous research has highlighted the significant role of immune cell features in the development and progression of Parkinson's disease (PD), though a direct causal relationship has yet to be established. In our study, we utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) data involving 731 immune cell traits as exposure factors and GWAS data on PD as outcomes to conduct a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, primarily using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method. Our findings revealed that specific traits in classical dendritic cells (cDC), such as Myeloid dendritic cells (MDC) %DC, CD62L- DC %DC, and CD86 + MDC %DC, are positively associated with increased PD susceptibility. Similarly, B cell AC in the TBNK panel and HVEM on CD45RA- CD4 + in the Maturation stages of T cell panel also showed a heightened probability of PD. Conversely, CD45 on HLA DR + CD8br indicated a potential decrease in PD risk. This study establishes a causal link between certain circulating immune cell traits and PD, providing a foundation for further research into the immunological mechanisms of PD and potential immune therapies.
Rapid expansion of Spanish sparrow Passer hispanoliensis north of the Ebro River
Authors: Villanúa Diego , Sola Jon , Lekuona Jesús Mari , Lizarraga Alberto , Ardaiz José , Albero Juan Carlos
Published: September 2024

We compile the information available for Spanish Sparrow (Passer hispaniolensis) in the provinces of Navarra and Huesca (northern Spain) until 2022 and add the results of specific censuses carried out in the spring of 2023. It is confirmed that the presence of this species in the area was practically anecdotal, with only 5 records in the last 20 years, and that in 2023 there was a sudden expansion towards the north, with more than 120 records recorded in the area, nesting proven in 17 points and detection of a communal roost far from all of them and probably linked to another colony of unknown location. 82.35% of the colonies were located a few meters from a raptor (Milvus milvus, M. migrans, Aquila chrysaetos and Accipiter gentilis)(11 colonies) or White Stork (Ciconia ciconia)(3 colonies) nest and in all cases there was also House Sparrows (Passer domesticus). The average size of each colony was 3.24 pairs (min-max 1–14) and the nests were at an average height of 11.18 m (min-max 6–18 m) and always in a trees (Pinus halepensis, Populus sp. and Sequoia sempervirens). The role of this species as indicator of climate change is discussed.
Net Surface Energy Flux over the Globe and Asian Monsoon Region from CMIP6 High-Resolution Models
Authors: Liao Xiaoqing , Li Jiandong , Liu Chunlei , Allan Richard P. , Liu Yimin , Cao Ning
Published: September 2024

The net surface energy flux (Fs) is critical to the Earth’s energy budget and surface processes, but its simulation remains uncertain in global and regional scales. This study investigates simulated Fs biases and sources globally and in the Asian monsoon region (AMR) using CMIP6 HighResMIP atmospheric models. Globally, the multi-model mean can reproduce the observed global multiannual mean Fs. The majority of models overestimate the annual mean Fs, net surface shortwave radiation (SWs) and longwave radiation (LWs) but underestimate the turbulent heat flux (THF). In AMR, the Fs is predominantly upward during winter and downward during summer owing to the seasonal variation in SWs and THF. 95% of the winter Fs bias over AMR comes from THF primarily due to the latent heat flux bias. SWs and THF contribute 40%~90% and 70%~90% to summer Fs bias, respectively. The systematic biases of SWs and LWs can be attributed to biases in circulation patterns and cloud cover, while biases in THF are primarily influenced by the near-surface processes. The high-resolution models perform well in Fs, THF, and low-level circulation, particularly in DJF. The winter multi-model mean error is reduced by 21.5%~63.6% in Fs and 25.5%~76.7% in THF across three subregions of AMR. Seven out of nine high-resolution models show higher skill scores of winter Fs and THF than their low-resolution counterparts in SA, with corresponding model number being 8 (Fs) and 7 (THF) in both EA and WNP. This study reveals the advantages of increased horizonal resolution in the Fs simulation.
Cost-effectiveness of fenofibrate for preventing diabetic complications in Australia
Authors: Kim Hansoo , Lyu Juntao , Raja Vikrama , Kim Kyoo
Published: September 2024

Background
This study investigates the cost-effectiveness of using fenofibrate to treat type 2 diabetes in Australia. The financial burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus is estimated to surpass AUD10 billion, mainly due to the cost of diabetic complications from diabetic neuropathy. Clinical evidence from the Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes (FIELD) study demonstrated that fenofibrate can play a role in reducing the risk of amputation and other diabetes-related complications.
Methods
This study used a calibrated UKPDS model with an Australian diabetes cohort to simulate a number of complications and deaths over a 20-year time horizon. The effectiveness of fenofibrate was assessed using the FIELD study. Total cost was calculated over the 20-year time horizon. Input data was obtained from the Australian Refined-Disease Related Groups and the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme.
Results
The model estimated that fenofibrate is associated with lower complication costs, which saves over AUD 4.6 million per 1,000 patients, with the most significant savings observed in amputations. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for fenofibrate treatment is observed to be AUD 739/LY gained and AUD 1189/QALY gained.
Conclusion
The use of fenofibrate in Type 2 diabetes patients is estimated to result in cost savings in an Australian setting due to fewer diabetes complications.
Comparative Analysis of the Nutritional and Mineral Compositions of Farfantepenaeus notialis and Macrobrachium vollenhovenii: Implications for Dietary Planning and Food Industry Applications
Authors: Ibitoye Oluwatosin , Ayanniyi Oluwadamilola , Ayeni Olabisi , Kolejo Oluwatobi , Arabambi Israel , Ademola Oluwafunke , Adetola Olusegun , Onafurume Ono
Published: September 2024

This study presents a comparative analysis of the nutritional and mineral compositions of two dried edible crustacean species, Farfantepenaeus notialis and Macrobrachium vollenhovenii. The nutritional profile includes measurements of ash content, crude fiber, fat content, moisture content, crude protein, and carbohydrate percentage. The mineral analysis encompasses essential elements such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), sodium (Na), phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn). Results indicate that Macrobrachium vollenhovenii exhibits higher ash (5.38% ± 0.002) and moisture content (22.12% ± 0.004) compared to Farfantepenaeus notialis, which contains higher crude fiber (10.01% ± 0.07), fat content (1.79% ± 0.001), crude protein (6.69% ± 0.2), and carbohydrate (56.64%). Mineral analysis reveals that Macrobrachium vollenhovenii has superior levels of calcium (256.238 mg/g), magnesium (42.156 mg/g), and potassium (71.02 mg/g), while Farfantepenaeus notialis shows higher sodium (166.03 mg/g), phosphorus (93.273 mg/g), and iron (5.183 mg/g) content. Both species display nearly identical zinc concentrations. These findings suggest that while both species are nutritionally valuable, their specific compositions make them suitable for different dietary needs. Macrobrachium vollenhovenii may be more beneficial for those requiring higher mineral intake, particularly calcium and potassium, whereas Farfantepenaeus notialis might be preferable for higher protein and iron intake. This comparative analysis provides valuable insights into the nutritional and mineral benefits of these crustacean species, aiding in dietary planning and food industry applications.
A Multimodal Deep Learning Approach for High-Risk Call Detection in Crisis Intervention Hotlines
Authors: Wu Deyuan , Wei Yating , Chen Qiuxia , Fu Xiaonv , Song Haidong
Published: September 2024

Purpose
To develop and validate a multimodal deep learning approach integrating audio and text features for enhancing the detection of high-risk calls in crisis intervention hotlines.
Methods
The dataset originates from Hangzhou’s psychological crisis intervention hotline, encompassing 14,181 valid samples in 2023 for training. For evaluating real-time response performance, various lengths of audio and text samples were extracted and trained in multiple groups. Audio features were derived using the Librosa library, including 12-dimensional Chromagram features, 128-dimensional Mel spectrograms, and 40-dimensional Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC). These features were fed into a pre-trained ResNet50 architecture to obtain an advanced audio representation. Text features relied on the Chinese RoBERTa-wwm-ext-large model for processing. Audio and text features were merged through Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, with Cross Entropy loss function utilized for training the deep learning model. After ten-fold cross-validation, model performance was assessed on an independent test set of 14,354 valid samples from 2022.
Results
On the independent test set from 2022, the model achieved an over- all accuracy of 0.75 with a 10-second audio input combined with 41 characters, recall rate for high-risk calls at 0.73, and an Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC) of 0.79; for a 30-second audio input with 123 characters, the overall accuracy rose to 0.79, recall rate for high-risk calls reached 0.80, and AUC was 0.87; with a 60-second audio input and 246 characters, the model accuracy was 0.74, recall rate for high-risk calls was 0.87, and AUC was 0.85.
Conclusion
This study innovatively explores the integration strategy of voice- text multimodal deep learning techniques with crisis intervention hotlines, demonstrating promising potential in enhancing the efficiency of high-risk call identification through empirical results.
Cisplatin kills ovarium cancer cells through the TRPV1-mediated mitochondrial oxidative stress and apoptosis: TRPV1 inhibitor role of eicopentotaneoic acid
Authors: Bucak Mevlüt , Nazıroğlu Mustafa
Published: September 2024

The most commonly used treatment, cisplatin (Cisp), causes excessive Ca2+ influx mediated by TRPV1 and produces a high concentration of mitochondrial free reactive oxygen radicals (mROS). In clinical trials, it can be used with other adjuvant medicinal agents to increase safety and efficacy. Although there are contradictory findings, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) as an adjuvant has been demonstrated to suppress the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. We assessed the effects of EPA and Cisp incubations on oxidant, lysosomal injury, and apoptotic values in the OVCAR-3 ovarian tumor cell line by activating TRPV1. Five groups were induced with Cisp (25 µM for 24h), EPA (100 µM for 24h), Cisp + EPA, and Cisp + TRPV1 antagonist (capsazepine, CPZ). We discovered that, in comparison to control cells, Cisp-mediated upregulation of TRPV1 protein is downregulated by EPA and CPZ, but Cisp mediates greater TRPV1-induced Ca2+ entry in cells. The major mROS in cells that cause Cisp-mediated TRPV1 activation include increases in mROS but decreases in glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, mitochondrial function, OVCAR-3 viability, and number. In response to capsaicin, Cisp-mediated TRPV1 stimulation causes mitochondrial Ca2+ and Zn2+ overload, which is followed by increases of caspase-3/-8/-9, lysosomal injury, and apoptosis, however, these effects were less pronounced in the Cisp + EPA and Cisp + CPZ groups. To sum up, we first showed that Cisp kills OVCAR-3 cells by stimulating TRPV1, even while blocking the channel reduced the anti-cancer effects of Cisp. Cisp and TRPV1 stimulators together may provide an alternative method of killing ovarian tumor cells.
Prevalence of Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease in Egyptian Patients
Authors: Hisham Basma , Gadallah Abdelnaser , Shayeb El Sayed El , Abdou Asmaa
Published: September 2024

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) stands out as a highly common gastrointestinal ailment, marked by a variety of symptoms and lesions affecting both the esophagus and other areas, caused by the backward flow of stomach contents into the esophagus. Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) has emerged as an important alternative diagnosis in individuals experiencing persistent GERD symptoms. The purpose of this study is to evaluate how widespread EoE is among Egyptian patients who do not respond adequately to GERD treatments.
Esophageal tissue samples were collected from all patients exhibiting persistent GERD symptoms. EoE was diagnosed when esophageal mucosal biopsies revealed a minimum of 15 eosinophils per high-power field (HPF), along with symptoms indicating esophageal dysfunction and ruling out other causes of eosinophilia.
Results: In our latest study, we included 300 patients with persistent GERD symptoms. These patients were categorized into two groups: those diagnosed with EoE (n=12) and those without the condition (n=288). Dysphagia emerged as the predominant symptom in patients with EoE. The symptoms experienced by EoE patients closely resembled those of individuals with refractory GERD, with both groups reporting abdominal pain (100%, 87.5%) and heartburn (100%, 100%). Consequently, it is essential to conduct examinations and obtain biopsies from these patients to rule out EoE.
Conclusion: The occurrence of EoE among Egyptian patients with persistent GERD symptoms was determined to be 4%. Ie is relatively rare in individuals with refractory GERD symptoms.
Design and Psychometric Evaluation of the Nurses’ Professionalism Questionnaire (NPQ): A Sequential Exploratory Mixed-Method Study
Authors: Parastesh Sakineh , Hosseini Mohammadali , Mohammadi-Shahbolaghi Farahnaz , Ebadi Abbas , Maddah Sadat Seyyed Bagher
Published: September 2024

Background: With advancements in nursing tasks and technologies, the demand for professional nurses has increased, highlighting issues such as the low average of nurses' professional skills and the lack of a reliable tool to assess nurses' professional status. This study aimed to develop and psychometrically evaluate the Nurses’ Professionalism Questionnaire.
Methods: This study employed a mixed-method approach in two stages: item generation and psychometric testing. Initially, a 79-item questionnaire was developed through an integrated review of the literature and expert opinions using a directed content analysis approach. Psychometric testing included content and construct validity, reliability, interpretability, and scoring. A total of 310 nurses participated in the exploratory factor analysis phase, and 203 nurses participated in the confirmatory factor analysis phase. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and LISREL 8.8, with a significance level set at 0.05.
Results: In the primary validity assessment, 79 items were included in the initial tool. Following content and construct validity analyses, 32 items were removed, resulting in 47 items loaded onto four factors: professional competence, professional self-awareness, professional commitment and interaction, and accountability and advocacy. These factors explained 45% of the variance in professionalism. The confirmatory factor analysis model of the NPQ demonstrated a good fit. The Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the NPQ were 0.94 and 0.93, respectively, and the scale content validity index (S-CVI) was 0.96.
Conclusion: The NPQ is valid and reliable for evaluating nurses’ professionalism. Nursing managers and policymakers can utilize it to plan and improve nurses' professional behavior.
Integrating Mulligan Mobilization with Scapular Focused Exercises Brings Increased Benefits to Rock Climbers Suffering Shoulder Impingement Syndrome
Authors: Zanjani Bita , Shojaedin Seyed Sadredin , Abbasi Hamed
Published: September 2024

Background: Shoulder impingement syndrome is a prevalent condition among athletes, often resulting in decreased athletic performance due to altered proprioception, muscle imbalances, and altered movement patterns. This study aimed to investigate the effects of eight weeks of focused scapular training combined with mobilization on pain reduction and proprioception improvement in female rock climbers with shoulder impingement syndrome.
Methods: Thirty-six female rock climbers with shoulder impingement syndrome were randomly assigned to three groups: the scapular focused exercises group (n=12), the scapular focused exercises with mobilization group (n=12), and the control group (n=12). The intervention consisted of eight weeks of scapular-focused exercises, with or without mobilization, in addition to regular rock-climbing activities. Compared with those in the control group, significant reductions in pain and improvements in proprioception (joint position sense) were observed in both the scapular focused exercises and scapular focused exercises with mobilization groups (P≤0.005).
Results: The findings suggest that eight weeks of scapular-focused exercise, with or without mobilization, resulted in improved pain reduction and proprioception in female rock climbers with shoulder impingement syndrome. Compared with the control, the addition of mobilization to scapular-focused exercises resulted in better scores.
Conclusions: These results highlight the potential benefits of incorporating scapular exercises and mobilization into rehabilitation programs for athletes with shoulder impingement syndrome.
Trial registration: Retrospectively Registered. Ethics. research.ac.ir Identifier: IR.SSRC.REC.1402.170 on 2023-10-22
Inhibition of colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor improves synaptic plasticity and cognitive performance in aged mice
Authors: Strackeljan Luisa , Baidoe-Ansah David , Mirzapourdelavar Hadi , Kaushik Rahul , Cangalaya Carla , Dityatev Alexander
Published: September 2024

Depletion of microglia in the aged mouse brain is known to improve cognitive functions. However, even temporal ablation of microglia puts the brain at a high risk of infection. Hence, in the present work, we studied if the partial reduction of microglia with PLX3397 (pexidartinib), an inhibitor of the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), could bring similar benefits as reported for microglia ablation. Aged (two-year-old) mice were treated with PLX3397 for 28 days, which reduced microglia numbers in the hippocampus to the levels seen in young mice and resulted in layer-specific ablation in the expression of microglial complement protein C1q mediating synaptic remodeling. This treatment boosted long-term potentiation in the CA1 region and improved performance in the hippocampus-dependent novel object location recognition task. Although PLX3397 treatment did not alter the number or total intensity of Wisteria floribundaagglutinin-positive perineuronal nets (PNN) in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, it changed the fine structure of PNNs and elevated the expression of perisynaptic proteoglycan brevican, presynaptic vGluT1 and postsynaptic PSD95 proteins at the excitatory synapses in the CA1 stratum radiatum. Thus, targeting the CSF1R may provide a safe and efficient strategy to boost synaptic and cognitive functions in the aged brain.
Baseline toxicity and ovicidal action of different insecticides on new invasive insect pest into India: Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: S Guruprasad G , Race Masedi O. , Guruprasad G.S. , Udikeri S.S.
Published: September 2024

Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) (J.E. Smith) is a recent and invasive destructive insect pest of corn and other major crops of India; if left uncontrolled, it can destroy a crop totally. The pest carries history of resistance to many insecticides from its nativity and spread across the globe. It is likely to bear and /or develop resistance to a range of insecticides presently being used for its management in India, a possibility that has to be monitored regularly. The egg, being the first stage of the pest’s life cycle, is ideal for controlling its proliferation, and assessing the toxicity of different pesticides to eggs and larvae, and resistance, if any, to the pesticides is important for baseline studies. Accordingly, the present study assessed with common pesticides. In terms of their larvicidal action 72 h after application, chlorantraniliprole was found to be the most toxic, followed, in that order, by emamectin benzoate, flubendiamide, spinetoram, Spinosad, and azadirachtin. That order changed when the insecticides were tested for ovicidal action: thiodicarb was the most toxic, followed by spinetoram. Mortality was the highest in 3-day-old eggs, higher than that recorded in 1- or 2-day-old eggs and higher at the recommended doses than at half the recommended doses. Such differences in the target – larvae or eggs – are crucial to devising effective strategies for controlling insect pests. The strategies will be even more effective if the mechanism of action of the newer insecticides is elucidated.
A seismic damage-based design methodology for mass-eccentric moment-frame buildings
Authors: Masaeli Mohammad Ehsan , Behnamfar Farhad
Published: September 2024

This study is focused on developing a damage-based design procedure for torsionally coupled moment-frame structures under earthquake ground motion. The core idea is selecting a design value for the Park-Ang damage index and determining a target maximum drift ratio under torsion to be input to a displacement-based design procedure. The target drift ratio is calculated using the results of an extensive incremental dynamic analysis. In each round of analysis, the damage index and maximum drift ratio of the structure are determined as a couple. It makes it possible to derive an equation for the maximum drift ratio as a function of the damage index, by regression analysis. An almost linear relation is shown to be present between the two for the whole practical range of torsional mass eccentricity, with a very good correlation. Moment frame buildings having 5 and 10 stories, are shown to meet the sample damage index value for zero, 5 and 10 percents of eccentricity ratio.
Study of subjective well-being of diabetic patients and effect of positive psychology intervention
Authors: Xichao Xia , Jihong Wang , Jian Feng , Xiaolin Li , Yujing Zhou , Moyu Shang , Shirui Wang , Xin Li , Kaige Li , Hubin Ming
Published: September 2024

Background
To study of subjective well-being of diabetic patients and effect of positive psychology intervention.
Methods
The well-being of diabetic patients were analyzed by Subjective Well-being Scale. Diabetic patients were divided into control group and experimental group. Patients of control group were treated by traditional clinical care, while the experimental group with positive psychological intervention.
Results
Scores of health concerns, energy, life interest, depression control, behavior control and tension control were close associated with educational background and economic income. After positive psychological intervention, the anxiety score of intervention group was reduced by 13.43% in the intervention group. Compared with that of control group, the anxiety score decreased by 5.28% in the intervention group at the experiment end. After positive psychological intervention, the depression score decreased 10.52% in intervention group. Compared with the control group, the score of the experimental group decreased 3.49% at experiment end.
Conclusion
Well-being of diabetic patients showed different characterizations with respect of education and monthly income. Application of positive psychological interventions can result in a improving role on the anxiety and depression of diabetic patients.
Rotating Twisted Tape Turbulators and CuO Nanofluid Synergy: Investigating Heat Transfer Characteristics in Tubular Systems
Authors: KN Pavan , Kapilan N , CK Madhusudana
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the synergistic effect of rotating twisted tape turbulators (RTTT) and copper oxide (CuO) nanofluid on heat transfer characteristics within tubular systems with a focus on maintaining constant wall conditions. The investigation is conducted in a heat exchanger setup, where the rotating twisted tape turbulator is employed to induce turbulence and enhance heat transfer. Simultaneously, the nanofluid, consisting of 0.2% volume concentration CuO nanoparticles dispersed in a water as base fluid, is introduced to exploit the superior thermal conductivity of nanoparticles. The experimental investigation and numerical prediction encompass a comprehensive parametric study, varying rotational speeds of the twisted tape (0-300 RPM) with twist ratio (y = 2.88), 0.2% CuO nanofluid volume concentration, and varying flow rates (1–6 LPM). Heat transfer performance is assessed through measurements of temperature distribution, heat transfer coefficients, and overall thermal performance. The results reveal a significant augmentation in heat transfer efficiency attributed to the combined influence of the RTTT and 0.2% CuO NF. The synergy between the rotating twisted tape and nanofluid enhances convective heat transfer, breaking the thermal boundary layer and promoting effective heat dissipation. The limited research conducted in this area underscores the need of the rotational speed of the twisted tape and the concentration of CuO nanoparticles emerge as critical parameters influencing the heat transfer characteristics. Furthermore, the study provides insights into the interplay of fluid dynamics and thermophysical properties, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms that contribute to the observed heat transfer enhancement.
Causal relationships between basal metabolic rate and epigenetic age acceleration: bidirectional Mendelian randomization and mediation analysis
Authors: Wang Yiming , Liu Zhibing , Yu Jing , Wang YIngru , Zhang Kai , Li Jibin , Shi Dan
Published: September 2024

Background
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) reflecting the body's energy expenditure at rest, may be a crucial indicator of accelerated aging. However, there is a lack of evidence for the causal effect of BMR on accelerated aging. We aimed to apply Mendelian randomization (MR) and mediation analysis to explore the causal relationships between BMR and epigenetic age acceleration.
Method
Genetic variants linked to BMR and epigenetic age (GrimAge, PhenoAge, HannumAge and HorvathAge) acceleration were extracted from genome-wide association study datasets. MR analysis primarily utilizes the Inverse variance weighted (IVW), followed by a range of sensitivity analyses to validate the robustness of our findings.
Results
The univariable MR demonstrated a significant causal effect of BMR on GrimAge (IVW: Beta 0.38 [95% CI 0.12 to 0.64]), and and PhenoAge accelerations (IVW: Beta 0.91 [95%CI 0.67 to 1.45]), but not in the reverse direction. In the multivariate MR analysis adjusting for body mass index (BMI), hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), physical activity, smoking, alcohol intake frequency, total and bioavailable testosterone levels, we found that the causal effects of BMR on PhenoAge and GrimAge accelerations were both dependent on BMI, and also dependent on T2D, smoking, and bioavailable testosterone levels for GrimAge acceleration. Mediation analysis indicated that 7.24%, 16.29%, 6.95%, and 5.36% of effect from BMR on GrimAge acceleration was mediated by hypertension, T2D, lack of physical activity and alcohol intake.
Conclusion
A positive and unidirectional causal effect of BMR on epigenetic age acceleration, which was dependent of BMI.
Elucidating the anti-atherosclerosis mechanism of Si Jun Zi Decoction by integrating network pharmacology and transcriptomic with experimental validation in vivo
Authors: Chen Weiyan , Ji Tianmin , Yang Ying , Zhao Zhuo , Gao Hao , Zhou Lijiang , Wang Ying
Published: September 2024

Objective: Sijunzi Decoction (SJZD) is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula,which has the contribution to anti-atherosclerosis.This study aims to explore the potential mechanism of the treatment of atherosclerosis (AS) with SJZD.
Methods: Comprehensive analysis with transcriptomics and network pharmacology,combining with in vivo experiment and therapeutic targets.
Results: Through the in vivo experiment,it was found that SJZD could significantly improve the blood lipid level and lipid deposition in ApoE−/− mice.Furthermore,4 biological processes(lipid localization,specific granule,positive regulation of lipid localization,positive regulation of lipid transport),7 targets (SPP1,EGF,OLR1,LDLR,PON1,SLP1,PLAU), and 6 active ingredients(including beta-sitosterol,kaempferol,quercetin,stigmasterol, naringenin and isorhamnetin) play an extremely important role in the treatment of AS with SJZD.We also found that the genes of OLR,SPP1 and EGF were involved in regulating oxidative stress during the progress of atherosclerosis and the improvement of endothelial dysfunction.Furthermore,SJZD could interfere the expression of mRNA and protein of OLR1,SPP1 and EGF,and respectively reduce and increase the density level of MDA and SOD in serum significantly.
Conclusion:Inhibiting excessively oxidative stress and improving endothelial dysfunction by regulating OLR1/SPP1/EGF pathway could be the mechanism,by which Sijunzi decoction resists AS.