bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IDENTIFIKASI METABOLIT SEKUNDER EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN TANAMAN PETAI CINA (LEUCAENA LEUCOCHEPALA [LAMK.] DE.WIT
Authors: Abriyani Ermi
Published: November 2020

ABSTRAK

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai karakterisasi metabolit sekunder ekstrak etanol daun tanaman petai cina, Leucaena leucochepala [Lamk.] de.wit,. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui metabolit sekunder dari daun tanaman ini. Manfaat dari dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah dapat memberikan informasi mengenai metabolit sekunder dari tanaman petai cina, Leucaena leucochepala [Lamk.] de.wit. Pengidentifikasian ini dilakukan dengan empat tahap yakni, uji fitokimia tanaman, ekstraksi dengan cara maserasi, memekatkan ekstrak kemudian melakukan mengidentifikasinya. Kandungan senyawa kimia aktif dalam daun petai cina adalah alkaloid, saponin, tanin dan flavonoid. Berdasarkan hasil uji plat KLT dengan eluen etil asetat : ethanol (8:2) dihasilkan Rf 0,62 yang diperkirakan merupakan flavonoid.

Kata kunci: karakterisasi, refluks, petai cina, Leucaena leucochepala [Lamk.] de.wit

ABSTRACT

Research has been conducted on the characterization of secondary metabolites of ethanol extract of petai cina (Leucaena leucochepala [Lamk.] de.Wit) leaves. This study aims to determine the secondary metabolites of the leave and provide the information about secondary metabolites from petai cina (Leucaena leucochepala [Lamk.] de.wit) leaves. Identification was carried out with three stages are phytochemical, extraction by maceration with 70% ethanol and identifying it. The active compounds of petai cina from ethanol extract are alkaloid, saponin, tanin and flavonoid. the results of the TLC plate with eluent ethyl acetate: ethanol (8: 2) produced Rf 0.62 which is estimated to be a flavonoid.

Kata kunci: caracterization, refluks, petai cina, Leucaena leucochepala [Lamk.] de.wit
KARAKTERISASI XRD DAN SEM PADA MATERIAL NANOPARTIKEL SERTA PERAN MATERIAL NANOPARTIKEL DALAM DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Authors: Putama Mursal Iin Lidia
Published: November 2020

Abstrak

Material nanopartikel merupakan merupakan material dengan ukuran partikel berukuran 10-100 nm. Nanopartikel dapat dibuat dengan beberapa metode yang diklasifikasikan menjadi dua jenis pendekatan yaitu dengan cara top down dan bottom up. Karakterisasi nanopartikel dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik X-Ray diffraction (XRD) dan Scanning Elekctron Microscopy (SEM). XRD sangat berguna untuk mempelajari struktur kristal, komposisi kimia, dan sifat sifat fisika dari nanomaterial. SEM merupakan teknik karakterisasi material yang banyak digunakan untuk melihat morgfologi permukaan dan ukuran butir nanomaterial. Beberapa waktu belakangan perhatian mengenai naopartikel ini telah diarahkan juga pada aplikasi di bidang farmasi khususnya dalam dalam bidang Drug Delivery System

Kata kunci: Nanopartikel, X-Ray diffraction, Scanning Elekctron Microscopy

Abstract

Nanoparticles are defined as material with a particle size in the range of 10-100 nm. Nanomaterial fabrication methods can be classified according to whether their assembly followed either the so called top down and bottom up approach. Characterization of nanoparticles can use X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) techniques. XRD are a very useful characterization tool to study the crystallographic structure, chemical composition and physical properties of nanomaterials. SEM is a popular technique for imaging the surfaces of almost any material grain size of nanomaterial. Recently, attention of nanomaterial has been geared towards its pharmaceutical application, especially in the area of drug delivery.

Keywords: Nanoparticles, X-Ray diffraction, Scanning Elekctron Microscopy
ANALISA KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT ANTIHIPERTENSI PADA PASIEN DEWASA POLI PENYAKIT DALAM DI RSUD KARAWANG
Authors: Maya Arfania  , Raden Neng Yuni Budiarti
Published: November 2020

ABSTRAK

Hipertensi merupakan penyakit kronis yang memerlukan terapi. Adanya beberapa hal yang menyebabkan terjadinya penyakit hipertensi, diantaranya usia, tidak dapat mengendalikan stress, kualitas pelayanan kesehatan, polifarmasi. Salah satu penentu keberhasilan terapi adalah adanya kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat gambaran tingkat kepatuhan minum obat antihipertensi pada pasien dewasa dan hubungan antara faktor risiko dengan jenis kelamin dan polifarmasi di RSUD Karawang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Analitik dengan desain cross sectional dimana sampel diambil dengan teknik Purposive Random Sampling. Dari 115 resep yang diperoleh selama penelitian, terdapat 31 pasien (27%) laki-laki dan 84 pasien (73%) perempuan. Setelah dilakukan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner MMAS-8, didapatkan hasil sebanyak (22,6%) patuh dan (77,4%) pasien dewasa tidak patuh. Dari hasil analisis berdasarkan uji Chi Square dapat disimpulkan Jenis Kelamin (p=0,317) dan Polifarmasi (p=0,459) bukan fakor resiko terhadap ketidakpatuhan minum obat hipertensi pada pasien dewasa. 

Kata Kunci: Hipertensi, Tingkat Kepatuhan, Faktor Resiko

 

ABSTRACT

 

The hypertension is a chronic disease that needs to be treated properly and continuously. There are several things that cause hypertension disease, age,  can not control the stress, quality of health services, polypharmacy .One of the critical success of therapy is medication compliance by patients. The purpose of this research is to see an overview the compliance level of adult patient’s anti-hypertention and the relationship between risk factors at gender and polypharmacy at RSUD Karawang. This is a analysis research with cross sectional where sample were taken by purposive random sampling technique. From 115 prescriptions, there were 31 male (27%) Patients and 84 female (73%) patients. After the interview using MMAS-8 questionnare, there were (22,6%) compliance and (77,4%) uncompliance adult patient. From the results of the analysis based on Chi Square test, it can be concluded that Gender (p=0,317) and Polypharmacy (p=0,459)  is not a risk factor for uncompliance in taking hypertension medication in Adult patients. 

Keywords: Hipertensi, Compliance, Risk Factor
Artysta jako Świadek. Pamięć Zagłady w twórczości Władysława Strzemińskiego
Authors: Pietrasik Agata
Published: November 2020

Recenzja książki Luizy Nader, "Afekt Strzemińskiego. „Teoria widzenia”, rysunki wojenne, Pamięci przyjaciół – Żydów", Instytut Badań Literackich PAN, Warszawa 2019.
Nikita Kadan. Muzeum wegetacji
Authors: Sokołowska Joanna
Published: November 2020

Komentarz do prac Nikity Kadana.
Nadwiślański realizm kapitalistyczny (i nie tylko)
Authors: Majmurek Jakub
Published: November 2020

Recenzja książki Michała Piepiórki "Rockefellerowie i Marks nad Warszawą. Polskie filmy fabularne wobec transformacji gospodarczej", Wydawnictwo Ossolineum, Wrocław 2019.
Multimodale graphische Kommunikation im pharaonischen Ägypten: Entwurf einer Analysemethode
Authors: Kutscher Silvia
Published: November 2020

“Multimodal graphic communication in Ancient Egypt: A method for analysis”: This article presents a method to analyse Hieroglyphic-Egyptian artefacts based on the semiotic approach of multimodality. In a first step, the theoretical background of multimodality research is given and its methodological application to Hieroglyphic-Egyptian text-image-compositions is discussed. In a second step, the method is illustrated analysing a relief from an Old Kingdom mastaba in Giza – the will of Wep-em-nefert (G8882). In a third step, some graphic techniques for information structuring are compared to similar techniques that can be found in Franco-Belgian comics. In indenting semiotic methods of multimodality research with Egyptology, this article presents a new perspective for the investigation of Hieroglyphic-Egyptian artefacts, which opens new grounds for both research areas and for interdisciplinary dialog.
Die Urheimat des Sahidischen
Authors: Peust Carsten
Published: November 2020

“The homeland of Sahidic”: Almost every region of Egypt has already been suspected to be the original homeland of the Sahidic dialect of Coptic. This paper reviews the various proposals and provides new support for a location in Middle Egypt around Hermopolis. This support comes from localized prosopographical and (to a lesser degree) topographical data, as well as from the hitherto much neglected field of lexical isoglosses or word geography. It is also explained why the evidence of the Sahidic vowel system, which seemed to contradict a Middle Egyptian location, has been misinterpreted in the past.
Effect of Adding Wings to the Shallow Tines on the Performance of Subsoiler Plow in the Soil Disturbed Area, Soil Pulverization Index & Equivalent Energy of Pulverization
Authors: Alfaris Murtadha A. A. , Almaliki Salim , Muhsin Sadiq J.
Published: November 2020

The experiment was performed using locally manufactured subsoiler plow provided with wings on the outside of shallow tines feet to study the impact of adding the wings and depth of tillage on the disturbance area of soil, soil pulverization index (mean weight diameter, MWD) and the equivalent energy of soil pulverization (Eq EP) in clay soil. This experiment was done in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), with three replications having a factorial experiment. Three tillage depths (40, 50, and 60cm) with and without wings on the feet of shallow tines were used. The results showed that the impact of adding wings and tillage depths had a significant effect on the disturbance area, soil pulverization index and the equivalent energy of soil pulverization (p < 0.05). The treatment of adding wings on shallow tines (S+shw) has pre-eminence in studied factors. The disturbed area increased by 11.11, 14.29 and 9.80%, the MWD decreased by 27.33, 32.31 and 19.38% and the Eq EP increased by 43.19, 53.03 and 25.13% when the depth of tillage increased from 40, 50 and 60cm respectively.
AN INDIVIDUAL APPROACH TO PRIMARY ARTHROPLASTY OF THE HIP JOINT IN PATIENTS WITH DEGENERATIVE-DYSTROPHIC DISEASES AND THE CONSEQUENCES OF TRAUMA IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FGBU «EVPATORIA MILITARY CHILDREN'S CLINICAL SANATORIUM NAMED AFTER E. P. GLINKA» MINISTRY OF DEFENSE OF RUSSIA
Authors: Andrianov М V. , Khashchuk А. V. , Radnaev А. О. , Barsukov А. А.
Published: November 2020

The article presents an algorithm of staged rehabilitation measures in patients with coxarthrosis with total hip arthroplasty and evaluates the results of treatment. The examination group consisted of patients who were treated at the Yevpatoriya military clinical sanatorium in 2018-2019. Preoperative preparation was carried out in a day hospital of the sanatorium. The use of the proposed algorithm of rehabilitation measures allows the majority of patients with coxarthrosis to obtain good functional results in the optimal time frame. The material base of the Evpatoria Military Clinical Sanatorium allows for staged rehabilitation treatment in one institution, which makes it possible to more fully and qualitatively implement the proposed algorithm of rehabilitation measures in this category of patients
Chemical composition and larvicidal activity of essential oils from Zingiber
montanum (J. Koenig) Link ex. A. Dietr. against three mosquito vectors
Authors:   Vinh University, Huong Le T , Huong Trinh T ,   Vietnam Vietnam Academy of
            Science and Technology, Huong Nguyen TT ,   Vietnam Vietnam Academy of
            Science and Technology, Hung Nguyen H ,   Duy Tan
            University, Dat Pham TT ,   Nong Lam
            University, Luong Ngo X ,   Hong Duc
            University, Ogunwande Isiaka A ,   Foresight Institute of
            Research and Translation
Published: November 2020

The chemical composition and larvicidal activity of essential oils derived from
the leaves and rhizomes of Zingiber montanum (J. Koenig) Link ex. A. Dietr. were
reported. The main compounds in the leaf oil were -pinene (13.8%), -phellandrene
(11.3%) and -pinene (7.3%) while the rhizome oil was dominated by sabinene (41.1%),
terpinen-4-ol (22.7%) and (E)-nerolidol (14.3%). The minimum lethal concentration
(larvicidal activity) LC50 of the rhizome oil at 24 h against Aedes albopictus was 35.17
μg/mL, while LC50 values of 32.20 μg/mL and 31.12 μg/mL were obtained against Aedes
aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus respectively. At 48 h the oil displayed larvicidal
action with LC50 values of 23.18 μg/mL, 25.58 μg/mL and 18.99 μg/mL respectively towards
Ae. albopictus, Ae. Aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus. The leaf oil did not exhibit
significant mortality and larvicidal action. The results indicate the potential of
rhizome essential oil of Z. montanum as a source of larvicidal agent.
Antimicrobial activity of essential oil from Psidium cattleianum Afzel. ex Sabine
leaves
Authors:   Paranaense University
            Umuarama, Savoldi Thais Lorana , Glamoćlija Jasmina ,   University of
            Belgrade, Soković Marina ,   University of
            Belgrade, Gonçalves José Eduardo ,   Cesumar University
            Center, Ruiz Suelen Pereira ,   Paranaense University
            Umuarama, Linde Giani Andrea ,   Paranaense University
            Umuarama, Gazim Zilda Cristiani ,   Paranaense University
            Umuarama, Colauto Nelson Barros ,   Paranaense University
            Umuarama
Published: November 2020

The search for natural sources to control microorganisms is of interest in food
production. This study evaluated the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of
the essential oil from Psidium cattleianum leaves. The essential oil was extracted by
hydrodistillation, and identified by GC-MS. The predominant class of compounds was
sesquiterpenes (47.6%) and the major compounds were trans-β-caryophyllene (14.7%),
1,8-cineole (11.7%) and ɣ-muurolene (5.6%). The antimicrobial activity was carried out
by microdillution technique against eight fungi and eight bacteria. The minimum
inhibitory concentration ranged from 0.17 to 11.25 mg mL-1 for fungi, and from 1.40 to
16.87 mg mL-1 for bacteria. The highest activities were against fungi Aspergillus
fumigatus (ATCC 1022), Aspergillus ochraceus (ATCC 12066), Aspergillus versicolor (ATCC
11730), and Trichoderma viride (IAM 5061), and bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC
27853), Bacillus cereus (clinical isolate), and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) with
potential to prevent foodborne diseases.
THE ROLE OF PAPILLOMAVIRUS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TUMORS OF THE OROPHARYNGEAL ZONE AND DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES OF HPV
Authors: Mirochnik Maksim , Dvornichenko Viktoriya , Masnikova Ulyana , Tolmachev K. , Lisichnikova Irina , Mitroshina Inga
Published: November 2020

Given the growing role of human papillomavirus infection in carcinogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, the understanding that HPV-associated cancer and HPV non-associated cancer are two different nosological forms of oropharyngeal cancer, the lack of common standards and approaches in the diagnosis of HPV infection. Therefore, the main objective of the oncological society is to introduce into clinical practice high-precision, cost-effective, optimal, technically feasible laboratory method for the diagnosis of HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer. This review of the literature reflects modern views on carcinogenesis and diagnostic methods for HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer, analyzes the strengths and weaknesses sides of the methods, as well as the difficulties that doctors face in their clinical practice in diagnosing HPV in various materials (cytological and histological).
IMMUNOLOGY AND PROSPECTS OF IMMUNOTHERAPY OF THE PRIMARY MALIGNANT BRAIN TUMORS: CELLULAR THERAPY, VIROTHERAPY
Authors: Kuleva Svetlana , Druy Aleksandr
Published: November 2020

High-grade gliomas (Grade III-IV) are aggressive brain tumor with poor prognosis. Recent investigations are aimed on pathogenic mechanisms of tumor growth on cellular at the molecular-genetic level for the development of effective individualized treatment methods, while the limit of survival benefit of conventional therapeutic options has been already reached. Integration of immunotherapeutic approach (cellular therapy, virotherapy) into treatment schemes of the brain tumors is relevant and promising strategy based on biological features of tumor tissue.
MOLECULAR GENETIC MARKERS IN ASSESSING THE RESULTS OF VARIOUS OPTIONS FOR LYMPH DISSECTION IN GASTRIC CANCER. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH
Authors: Panin Stanislav , Postolov Mikhail , Beburishvili Andrey , Kovalenko Nadezhda , Zamaraev Valeriy , Suvorov Vladimir , Tolstopyatov Stanislav , Ivanov A.
Published: November 2020

The research analyzes a patient-oriented methodology for assessing the results of various options for lymph dissection in gastric cancer based on the study of molecular genetic markers in the non-recombining part of the Y chromosome and in mitochondrial DNA (haplogroups). Significant heterogeneity was established among patients in world randomized trials who underwent resection operations on the stomach with various options for lymph dissection. In the Y chromosome, the haplogroup with the designation O was predominant in patients of Asian studies (59 % - 95 % of cases) with the designation O. The second most frequent (14 % - 72 % of cases, patients in European studies) was the haplogroup R1b. The total number of patients with mitochondrial macrogaplogroup N (mainly haplogroups H and U) was almost twice as many as patients with macrogaplogroup M (D haplogroup). According to the results of our own exploratory study, in all patients operated on for gastric cancer, haplogroup R1a was verified in the Y chromosome. Clusters of macrogaplogroup N (U, H, T) predominated in mitochondrial DNA. Thus, one of the approaches ensuring the homogeneity of comparison groups in assessing various options for lymph dissection in gastric cancer is to assess their comparability based on haploid molecular genetic markers.
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ABILITY OF TUMOR CELLS OF VARIOUS MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURES TO MODULATE IMMUNE-INFLAMMATORY REACTIONS IN INVASIVE BREAST CARCINOMA
Authors: Tashireva Lyubov , Gerashchenko T. , Denisov Yevgeniy , Saveleva Olga , Buzenkova Angelina , Zavyalova Marina , Cherdyntseva Nadezhda , Perelmuter Vladimir
Published: November 2020

The aim of the study was to assess the ability of tumor cells of invasive breast carcinoma of a non-specific type (IC NST) which forming various morphological structures to modulate their nearest microenvironment. Material and methods. An analysis was carried out of the data on the expression of the immune system (cytokines, including chemokines, and their receptors, pattern-recognizing molecules and growth factors) genes placed in the GEO database (Gene Expression Omnibus, number GSE80754). Results. The largest number of overexpressing genes that functionally provide parenchymal-stromal relationships is observed in discrete tumor cells. The spectrum of genes that contributed to the polarization in Th2 type of the immuno-inflammatory response was a characteristic for tumor cells building trabecular structures. Cells of tubular structures are characterized by overexpression of the IL15 gene, which attracts NK cells. Alveolar and solid structures do not have a pronounced ability to modulate their microenvironment. Conclusion. Tumor elements of various morphological structures of IC NST are characterized by functional heterogeneity in their ability to influence the type of immuno-inflam-matory reactions in their microenvironment.
CASE OF SUCCESSFULL TREATMENT OF SQUAMOUSCELL CARCINOMA IIIA (IMMUNOTHERAPY + SURGICAL RESECTION), FOLLOWED BY VATS S6 SEGMENTECTOMY FOR METACHRONOUS SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA IA IN CONTRALATERAL LUNG
Authors: Petrov Andrey , Atyukov M. , Zhemchugova O. , Zemtsova Irina , Yanchii M. , Yablonskiy Petr
Published: November 2020

This unique clinical case illustrates several “hot topics” of NSCLC management in one patient including correct staging and treatment of IIIA(N2) stage, neoadjuvant immunotherapy with phenomenon of pseudoprogression, VATS segmentectomy for peripheral stage IA NSCLC with good outcome.
HIGH-RESOLUTION ANORECTAL MANOMETRY IN TESTING ANORECTAL FUNCTION AFTER COMBINATION TREATMENT FOR RECTAL CANCER
Authors: Kit Oleg , Gevorkyan Yuriy , Soldatkina Natalya , Kolesnikov Yevgeniy , Averkin Mikhail , Gusareva Marina , Kharagezov Dmitriy , Dashkov Andrey , Mirzoyan Ellada
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the study was to evaluate anorectal function with high-resolution anorectal manometry in patients receiving combination treatment for rectal cancer. Material and methods. We analyzed literature data (PubMed, Scopus, eLIBRARY databases) and our treatment outcomes in 50 rectal cancer patients receiving combination or surgical treatment at Rostov Research Institute of Oncology. Results. The mean anal resting pressure was 1.8 times lower, and the maximal anal squeeze pressure was 1.5 times lower in patients after combination treatment, compared to surgical treatment (p<0.05). 3 months after combination treatment with prolonged radiotherapy, contractile properties of the internal sphincter were decreased in 83.3%, of the external sphincter - in 26.7% of patients. Fatigue rate of external sphincter muscles was increased in 17 (56.7%) patients of this group. We observed a correlation between some anorectal manometry data and the LARS score: in both groups, patients with the maximal LARS score showed the lowest mean anal resting pressure, compared to patients with minimal and average LaRs scores (p<0.05). Conclusion. Due to negative effect of radiation therapy on the anorectal function, careful selection of patients who will benefit from radiation therapy is very important, as well as identification of patients with a high risk of radiation-induced functional problems and development of rehabilitation programs for patients treated for rectal cancer.
Radiologinių tyrimų vertė kvėpavimo nepakankamumo atvejais
Authors: Dabrovolskienė Laima , Budriūnaitė Dovilė
Published: November 2020

Straipsnyje aptariami pagrindinių radiologinių tyrimų vaizdų požymiai diferencijuojant kvėpavimo nepakankamumo priežastis esant grėsmingiems plaučių pažeidimams: ŪRDS, plaučių arterijos embolija su infarktpneumonija, pneumotoraksui ir hemotoraksui, krūtinės traumai. Aprašoma lėtinių plaučių ligų radiologinio vaizdo požymiai, priklausomai nuo ligos trukmės, sąlygojantys lėtinį kvėpavimo funkcijos nepakankamumą.
Psichogeninis dusulys
Authors: Laukienė Ilona
Published: November 2020

Psichogeninis dusulys (psichogeninė dispnėja) - kvėpavimo funkcijų sutrikimai, sąlygoti psichinių priežasčių. Jie dažnai nediagnozuojami, nes pacientų nurodomi simptomai labai panašūs į organinio dusulio simptomus ir nėra sienos standartizuotos metodikos, kuri padėtų atlikti tikslią diagnostiką. Straipsnyje aptariamos psichogeninio dusulio priežastys, diagnostikos aspektai ir pagalbos pacientams būdai.
Idiopatinių intersticinių pneumonijų naujovės
Authors: Musteikienė Greta
Published: November 2020

Idiopatinės intersticinės pneumonijos - nežinomų priežasčių sukeltos ligos, priklausančios intersticinių plaučių ligų grupei. Šiomis ligomis sergantys pacientai į gydytoją kreipiasi dėl dusulio arba sauso kosulio. Diagnozė kartais nustatoma remiantis didelės skiriamosios gebos kompiuterinės tomografijos duomenimis, bet dažniausiai tiksliai diagnozei patvirtinti reikalinga chirurginė plaučių audinio biopsija. Klinikinėje praktikoje idiopatinės intersticinės pneumonijos diagnostika yra sudėtinga, rekomenduojama, kad diagnozė būtų nustatyta bendru pulmonologo, radiologo ir patologo sprendimu, įvertinus atliktų tyrimų duomenis. Siekiant palengvinti šių ligų diagnozavimo ir gydymo sampratą išleista mokomoji knyga "idiopatinės intersticinės pneumonijos".
Ultibro® Breezhaler® – indakaterolio ir glikopironio junginys, veiksmingai mažinantis LOPL paūmėjimų riziką
Authors: Biekšienė Kristina
Published: November 2020

Lėtinė obstrukcinė plaučių liga (LOPL) yra viena pagrindinių sergamumo ir mirtingumo priežasčių pasaulyje, dabar – ketvirtoji dažniausia mirties priežastis. Numatoma, kad artimiausiu metu LOPL toliau plis ir mirtingumas nuo šios ligos didės. Europoje LOPL paplitimas yra 4–6 proc. [1]. Lietuvoje, turimų epidemiologinių tyrimų duomenimis, serga apie 3 proc. suaugusių gyventojų. Nuo LOPL Europoje kasmet miršta iki 300 tūkst. žmonių, Lietuvoje – apie vieną tūkstantį [2].
PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF A TEACHER OF RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE IN THE DIGITAL AGE
Authors: Ряузова О.Ю. , Цуканова Е.И.
Published: November 2020

Статья посвящена некоторым аспектам формирования профессиональной компетентности преподавателя РКИ: рассмотрена структура компетентной личности, выявлены наиболее актуальные для современной цифровой эпохи ключевые компетенции педагога, предложены способы развития профессиональной личности педагога в соответствии с современными тенденциями и запросами общества.

The article is devoted to some aspects of the formation of the professional competence of a teacher of Russian as a foreign language: the structure of a competent personality is considered, the key competencies of the teacher are most relevant for the modern digital era, and ways of developing the professional personality of a teacher in accordance with modern trends and demands of society are proposed.
DISTANCE LEARNING OF RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE AS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL FOR OPTIMIZING THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors: Кытина В.В.
Published: November 2020

В статье анализируются возможности дистанционной формы обу-чения РКИ. Уточняется понятие «дистанционное обучение», описываются основные направления этого обучения, анализируется и структурируется комплекс дистанционных образовательных технологий, применяемых на занятиях РКИ подготовительного факультета МАИ на базе авиационного института UniKL MIAT в Малайзии. Описывается опыт участия в международном просветительском проекте «Читаем сказки на ночь», организованном Российским центром науки и культуры в Куала-Лумпуре с целью поддержки и сплочения детей-соотечественников и российских школьников. Показано, что при построении дистанционного обучения преподавателю нужно ориентироваться на оптимальное моделирование виртуальной образовательной среды, сохраняя базовые методические принципы построения учебного процесса, что позволит обеспечить непрерывность образовательного процесса в условиях отсутствия или сокращения очного взаимодействия студентов с преподавателем. Сделан вывод о том, что наиболее эффективным является подход, при котором преподаватель учитывает весь накопленный методический опыт и внедряет в образовательный процесс новые формы, методики и инструменты.

The purpose of the article is to describe and analyze the possibilities of distance learning of Russian as a foreign language. The article clarifies the concept of «distance learning» describes the main directions of distance learning, analyzes and structures the complex of remote educational technologies used in preparatory faculty of MAI on the basis of the UniKL MIAT aviation Institute in Malaysia. The article describes the experience of participating in the international educational project «Reading bedtime stories», organized by the Russian center of science and culture in Kuala Lumpur, in order to support and unite children-compatriots and Russian schoolchildren. A number of methodological problems solved by teachers in the process of distance learning are identified. It is shown that when building distance learning, the teacher should focus on the optimal simulation of the virtual educational environment, while maintaining the basic methodological principles of the educational process, which will ensure the continuity of the educational process in the absence or reduction of face-to-face interaction between students and the teacher. It is concluded that the most effective approach is one in which the teacher takes into account all the accumulated methodological experience and introduces new forms, methods and tools into the educational process.
Ways to determine the sociolinguistic status of migrant children as potential Russian school students
Authors: Нетесина М.С. , Юрманова С.А.
Published: November 2020

В статье анализируется построение социолингвистического портрета, выступающего в качестве основания, позволяющего уточнить статус детей мигрантов – потенциальных учеников российской школы, которых относят к особому типу учащихся. Представлены результаты изучения вопроса на основе: а) анализа отечественной и зарубежной научно-методической литературы по данной проблематике; б) мониторинга статистических данных об итогах тестирования трудящихся мигрантов, т.е. взрослых – потенциальных родителей (данные собраны МЦТ ФПКП РКИ РУДН за три года); в) масштабирования выявленной картины применительно к детям мигрантов. Сделаны выводы, дополняю-щие социолингвистический портрет детей мигрантов (с учетом типичности Центра тестирования для России, а также экстраполяции выводов о взрослой аудитории на детскую).

The article focuses on building a sociolinguistic portrait as for clarifying the status of migrant children – the potential students of Russian school, who are classified as special kind of students in terms of school linguodidactics. Research goal is to identify and test another way of determining sociolinguistic status of migrant children. The presented study on the issue results are based: a) on the analysis of domestic and foreign scientific and methodical literature on this issue; b) on monitoring statistics on the results of testing migrant workers, adults – potential parents (data collected by the ICT FPKP RCT PFUR for three years); c) on scaling the identified picture as applied to the children of migrants. Thus, conclusions made complement the sociolinguistic portrait of migrant children (taking into account the typicality of the Testing Center for Russia, as well as extrapolating conclusions about an adult audience to child).
Performance Evaluation of Downlink WiMAX System in Vicinity of UWB System
Authors: Al-Adwany Maan
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we evaluate the performance of WiMAX downlink system in vicinity of UWB system. The study is achieved via simulating a scenario of an office building which utilizes from both WiMAX and UWB appliances. From the simulation results, we found that WiMAX system is largely affected by the UWB interference. However, in order to overcome the interference problem and achieve reasonable BER (Bit Error Rate) of 10-4, we found that it is very necessary to raise the WiMAX transmitted power in relative to that of UWB interferer. So, the minimum requirements for WiMAX system to overcome UWB interference are stated here in this work.
Still Image Face Recognition in Hungary
Authors: Gárdonyi Gergely
Published: November 2020

The Still Image Facial Recognition System has been in operation for four years in Hungary. The present study details the experiences gained to date, as well as the possibilities, results and plans related to the subject. It briefly presents the history of still image face recognition, provides international outlook, describes the legal framework and the operation of the system, and finally outlines future development opportunities.
Official Analysis of the Great Debrecen Fires of 1802 and 1811
Authors: Lakatos Bence , Vass Gyula , Teknős László
Published: November 2020

Today’s appearance of the city of Debrecen was greatly influenced by the fires of its history. Of these, the two most devastating should be highlighted, the fires of 1802 and of 1811. In connection with fire we intend to summarize the amount of damage by processing contemporary sources. After the fires more serious regulations on fire prevention began to emerge These disasters made people aware of the importance of fire protection. In connection with the 18th century town, we try to compare the fire protection regulations of the 18th century with the present one, and to make a comparison with the possibility of today’s fire formation by examining the cause of the fires.
The Technopolitics of Infrastructure Breakdowns: A Historical Overview of Dumsor
Authors: Prempeh Claudia Serwah
Published: November 2020

In sub-Saharan Africa, Ghana is considered a beacon of success because of its high electricity access rate: 84.3 per cent as at 2018. Despite this success, the sector is entangled in a crisis. Crisis as used here refers to the crisis of electricity supply where supply deficits results in prolonged periods of blackouts and load rationing. Between 2012 and 2016, blackouts christened dumsor (Twi word for off/on) became a regular experience in Ghana with more blackouts than electricity supplied: 24 hours lights out, 12 hours light supplied. Using a historical narrative, this article provides a summarized account of how dumsor unravelled- the momentous cascading socio-economic interruption dumsor caused, the dramatic user responses it evoked and the ways in which it became the subject of intense political debate. Primary data was gathered from ethnographic ﬁeldwork and secondary data from online and archival sources. This narration reveals the generative potential of uncertain infrastructure and its ability to foreground the “under the radar” interdependences between infrastructure and political power. It details how an “imperfect” electric infrastructure produced new user subjectivities, challenged the conduct of electricity governance and revealed electricity provisioning to be a starkly contested technopolitical process.

Keywords: Technopolitics, Blackouts, Dumsor, Infrastructure
DYNAMICS AND ASYMMETRIC RENT ADJUSTMENTS IN THE OFFICE MARKET IN WARSAW
Authors: Nowak Krzysztof , Gluszak Michal , Belniak Stanislaw
Published: November 2020

Dynamics of rent, vacancy, supply and demand on the office market of emerging commercial real estate markets have long been under-researched. The paper fills the gap in economic literature by investigating the growing office market in Warsaw. In particular, we evaluate whether the influence of demand and supply shocks differ depending on the current market conditions. Using Error Correction Model approach, we investigated the rent adjustments on the office market in Warsaw, which is the major property market in Central and Eastern Europe. We replaced variables of the basic model with asymmetric variables to check for asymmetric adjustments in the office market. The study period covers data from 2005:1Q to 2016:1Q. The empirical results suggest that demand shock had a stronger impact on rent when the market vacancy rate was below the average for the period considered. Additionally, the demand shock had a stronger impact on rent when the rent was above the equilibrium level.
Recoverability of Known Near-Earth Asteroids
Authors: Roa Javier , Farnocchia Davide , Chodas Paul W. , Chesley Steven R. , Park Ryan S. , Naidu Shantanu P.
Published: November 2020

This paper analyzes the current population of known near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) and presents statistics on the recoverability of NEAs with both targeted observation campaigns and all-sky surveys. For an asteroid to be observable at a future apparition, given the right geometry, the plane-of-sky uncertainty must be small enough to be covered by a telescope’s field of view and the asteroid must be brighter than the detector’s limiting magnitude. Since recoverability is a telescope-dependent property, we select two representative instruments that span a wide range of capability and availability: the 1.0 m I52 telescope of the Catalina Sky Survey and the Hyper Suprime-Cam of the 8.2 m Subaru telescope. Based on this choice, we classify asteroids as recoverable, potentially recoverable, and not recoverable depending on whether they could be detected with an I52-class telescope, only with a Subaru-class telescope, or with neither, respectively. Using these definitions, we find that the majority (90%) of NEAs with H < 22 and most (93%) potentially hazardous asteroids are recoverable or potentially recoverable in the next 50 yr. When considering fainter asteroids down to H ≤ 28, about two-thirds of the NEA population and half of the low minimum-orbit intersection distance (MOID) asteroids (MOID ≤ 0.05 au) are either recoverable or potentially recoverable. As of 2019 October 13, the Sentry risk list includes 193 objects with an impact probability greater than 10−6 that are not recoverable. The fraction of NEAs and low-MOID NEAs that are not recoverable can be reduced by up to 47% and 43%, respectively, when incorporating statistical estimates of serendipitous recoveries by all-sky surveys.
Chandra Imaging of the Western Hotspot in the Radio Galaxy Pictor A: Image Deconvolution and Variability Analysis
Authors: Thimmappa R. , Stawarz Ł. , Marchenko V. , Balasubramaniam K. , Cheung C. C. , Siemiginowska A.
Published: November 2020

Here we present an analysis of the X-ray morphology and flux variability of the particularly bright and extended western hotspot in the nearest powerful (FR II-type) radio galaxy, Pictor A, based on data obtained with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The hotspot marks the position where the relativistic jet, which originates in the active nucleus of the system, interacts with the intergalactic medium, at hundreds-of-kiloparsec distances from the host galaxy, forming a termination shock that converts jet bulk kinetic energy to internal energy of the plasma. The hotspot is bright in X-rays due to the synchrotron emission of electrons accelerated to ultrarelativistic energies at the shock front. In our analysis, we make use of several Chandra observations targeting the hotspot over the last decades with various exposures and off-axis angles. For each pointing, we study in detail the point-spread function, which allows us to perform the image deconvolution, and to resolve the hotspot structure. In particular, the brightest segment of the X-ray hotspot is observed to be extended in the direction perpendicular to the jet, forming a thin, ∼3 kpc long, feature that we identify with the front of the reverse shock. The position of this feature agrees well with the position of the optical intensity peak of the hotspot, but is clearly offset from the position of the radio intensity peak, located ∼1 kpc further downstream. In addition, we measure the net count rate on the deconvolved images, finding a gradual flux decrease by about 30% over the 15 yr timescale of the monitoring.
Effects of Magnetic Perturbation on Reconnection and Heating in the Solar Corona
Authors: Hammoud Mostafa M. , Antar Ghassan Y. , Dayeh Maher A. , Darwish Marwan S. , El Eid Mounib F.
Published: November 2020

The solar corona exhibits unusually high temperatures (∼106 K) compared to the photosphere (∼5800 K). This coronal heating is one of the fundamental problems in solar physics that has yet to be resolved. Magnetic reconnection is thought to play a critical role in driving this enigmatic heating process. We address the interplay between reconnection in the solar corona and the photospheric footpoint motion. The effect of the latter is modeled to generate an external magnetic perturbation that is added to the main coronal field. Resistive magnetohydrodynamics is used where sources and sinks terms due to the perturbation are explicitly obtained in the equations. We set the perturbation to be sinusoidal in space while remaining time independent. The equations are solved using openFOAM. Our results show that magnetic reconnection with perturbation, even with a very small amplitude, leads to (1) more complex formation and evolution of X-points and plasmoids, (2) a transition from slow to fast reconnection rate, (3) a stronger increase of the temperature, and (4) a quicker formation of high-speed jets driving the hot plasma outside the simulation domain with a Mach number that is six times greater compared to the case without perturbation. Moreover, we also find that a magnetic perturbation with shorter wavelength promotes even a faster temporal evolution of the reconnection process than for the longer wavelength. Therefore, the heating and the dynamics of plasma particles in the solar corona are significantly enhanced when the reconnection process is externally disturbed by even a very small perturbation.
ALMA Observations of Giant Molecular Clouds in M33. II. Triggered High-mass Star Formation by Multiple Gas Colliding Events at the NGC 604 Complex
Authors: Muraoka Kazuyuki , Kondo Hiroshi , Tokuda Kazuki , Nishimura Atsushi , Miura Rie E. , Onodera Sachiko , Kuno Nario , Zahorecz Sarolta , Tsuge Kisetsu , Sano Hidetoshi , Fujita Shinji , Onishi Toshikazu , Saigo Kazuya , Tachihara Kengo , Fukui Yasuo , Kawamura Akiko
Published: November 2020

We present the results of ALMA observations in 12CO(J = 2 − 1), 13CO(J = 2 − 1), and C18O(J = 2 − 1) lines and 1.3 mm continuum emission toward a massive (∼106
M
⊙) giant molecular cloud associated with the giant H ii region NGC 604 in one of the nearest spiral galaxies, M33, at an angular resolution of 0.″44 × 0.″27 (1.8 pc × 1.1 pc). The 12CO and 13CO images show highly complicated molecular structures composed of a lot of filaments and shells whose lengths are 5–20 pc. We found three 1.3 mm continuum sources to be dense clumps at the edges of two shells and also at the intersection of several filaments. We examined the velocity structures of the 12CO(J = 2 − 1) emission in the shells and filaments containing dense clumps, and concluded that expansion of the H ii regions cannot explain the formation of such dense cores. Alternatively, we suggest that cloud–cloud collisions induced by an external H i gas flow and the galaxy’s rotation compressed the molecular material into dense filaments/shells which are ongoing high-mass star formation sites. We propose that multiple gas converging/colliding events with a velocity of a few tens of kilometers per second are necessary to build up NGC 604, the most significant cluster-forming complex in the Local Group of galaxies.
Binary Fraction Estimation of Main-sequence Stars in 12 Open Clusters: Based on the Homogeneous Data of LAMOST Survey and Gaia DR2
Authors: Niu Hubiao , Wang Jiaxin , Fu Jianning
Published: November 2020

Based on the homogeneous low-resolution spectra data observed by Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) and the Gaia Data Release 2 (Gaia DR2) photometric data, we chose 12 open clusters (OCs) to study their fundamental parameters and binary fractions (BFs). For each OC, more than 20 cluster members were observed by LAMOST, and some of them were observed multiple times. We used these data to derive precise metallicities of OCs. Combining the metallicities and the Gaia DR2 photometric data, we used the isochrone fitting method to obtain fundamental parameters of these OCs. By fixing metallicity during the fitting, we avoided the effect of degeneracy between the metallicity and reddening. Based on the fundamental parameters, we utilized the synthetic color–magnitude diagram (CMD) method to derive the BFs of main-sequence (MS) stars, the mass functions (MFs) with correction of binaries, and the companion mass ratio distributions. The BFs of observed MS stars in OCs in this paper vary from 29% to 55%. Extrapolating the synthetic CMD to the hydrogen-burning limit, the BFs vary from 13% to 47%. Combining MFs published by previous literature with our results, we found that MFs with correction of binaries were steeper than those without correction by Δα = 0.6 ± 0.16 in the mass range of m ∈ [1M
⊙, 2.67M
⊙]. We found that the companion mass ratio distribution in OCs of our sample was flat. We also found a significant positive correlation between the BF and density.
An Analysis of Soft X-Ray Structures at Kiloparsec Distances from the Active Nucleus of Centaurus A Galaxy
Authors: Król Dominika Ł. , Marchenko Volodymyr , Ostrowski Michał , Stawarz Łukasz
Published: November 2020

Here we reanalyze the archival Chandra data for the central parts of the Centaurus A radio galaxy, aiming for a systematic investigation of the X-ray emission associated with the inner radio lobes in the system, and their immediate surroundings. In particular, we focus on four distinct features characterized by the soft excess with respect to the adjacent fields. Those include the two regions located at kiloparsec distances from the nucleus to the west and east, the extended bow-shock structure to the south, and a fragment of a thin arc north of the center. The selected north, west, and south features coincide with the edges of the radio lobes, while the east structure is seemingly displaced from the radio-emitting plasma. Our X-ray spectral analysis reveals (i) a power-law emission component with photon index Γ ∼ 2 in the north, east, and south regions, and (ii) a dense (number density ∼0.3 cm−3) and relatively cold (temperature ∼ 0.2 keV) gas in the east and west regions. The power-law emission is consistent with the synchrotron continuum generated at the edges of the radio structure, and implies that the efficiency of the electron acceleration at the terminal bow shock does not vary dramatically over the inner lobes’ extension. The presence of gaseous condensations, on the other hand, could possibly be understood in terms of a massive outflow from the central regions of the galaxy.
Full-sky Cosmic Microwave Background Foreground Cleaning Using Machine Learning
Authors: Petroff Matthew A. , Addison Graeme E. , Bennett Charles L. , Weiland Janet L.
Published: November 2020

In order to extract cosmological information from observations of the millimeter and submillimeter sky, foreground components must first be removed to produce an estimate of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). We developed a machine-learning approach for doing so for full-sky temperature maps of the millimeter and submillimeter sky. We constructed a Bayesian spherical convolutional neural network architecture to produce a model that captures both spectral and morphological aspects of the foregrounds. Additionally, the model outputs a per-pixel error estimate that incorporates both statistical and model uncertainties. The model was then trained using simulations that incorporated knowledge of these foreground components that was available at the time of the launch of the Planck satellite. On simulated maps, the CMB is recovered with a mean absolute difference of <4 μK over the full sky after masking map pixels with a predicted standard error of >50 μK; the angular power spectrum is also accurately recovered. Once validated with the simulations, this model was applied to Planck temperature observations from its 70 GHz through 857 GHz channels to produce a foreground-cleaned CMB map at a Healpix map resolution of nside = 512. Furthermore, we demonstrate the utility of the technique for evaluating how well different simulations match observations, particularly in regard to the modeling of thermal dust.
Ram Pressure Stripping of HI-rich Galaxies Infalling into Massive Clusters
Authors: Wang Jing , Xu Weiwei , Lee Bumhyun , Du Min , Overzier Roderik , Shao Li
Published: November 2020

We estimate the strength of ram pressure stripping (RPS) for Hi-rich galaxies in X-ray detected clusters. We find that galaxies under stronger RPS tend to show more significantly reduced total Hi mass and enhanced central SFR when compared to control galaxies in the field that have similar stellar mass, stellar surface density and integral star formation rate. Galaxies under strong or weak RPS account for ∼40% of the Hi-rich population at R
200, and even beyond R
200 in the most massive clusters. Our results imply the important role of RPS as a channel of environmental processing far before the galaxies reach the core region of clusters.