bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical polishing of selected stainless steels
Authors: Rokosz Krzysztof , Kułakowski Marcin
Published: September 2018

The AISI 316Ti (EN 1.4571) austenitic stainless steel sample (50 × 30 × 1,5 mm) was used for the study. The main elements forming the steel are: chromium (16-18%), molybdenum (2.0-3.0%), nickel (10.0-14.0%), titanium (max 0.7%), and iron as the rest of the steel composition. The electrolytic polishing operations were performed at the current density of 50 A/dm2. The main elements of the electropolishing setup were a processing cell, a DC power supply RNG-3010, the electrodes and connecting wiring. The studies were carried out in the electrolyte of initial temperature of 50±5 °C. For the studies, as the electrolyte a mixture of two acids, i.e. H3PO4:H2SO4 equal to 60%:40%, was used. For surface characterization the 3D roughness parameters(Sa=0.744 μm, Sq=0.984; Sp=2.32, Sv=3.5, St=5.88; Ssk=–0.898; Sku=2.97) regarding ISO25178 were used.
Liquid crystal displays in the vehicle transportation and aviation
Authors: Różański Stanisław Andrzej
Published: September 2018

The article presents the basic properties of liquid crystals with particular emphasis on their use in the construction of liquid crystal displays. The basic properties of liquid crystal displays, their structure and principle of operation are discussed. The selected examples show the benefits of using liquid crystal displays in vehicle transportation and aviation.
Use of augmented reality environment for practical aviation staff training
Authors: Rypulak Andrzej , Kuźmicz Sebastian
Published: September 2018

The article describes the course of works aimed at creating a mobile application using Mobile Augmented Reality technology supporting the training process of personnel servicing aircraft in the field of pre-flight aircraft inspections. The requirements for the application, selection of programming tools and mobile imaging devices are presented. At the end of the article the results of tests of applications on various mobile devices and their conclusions are presented.
Analysis of maintenance management system conditions
Authors: Satora Magdalena , Szkoda Maciej
Published: September 2018

The article analyzes issues related to the latest conditions for the maintenance of railway vehicles. Basic legal acts regulating the maintenance process on a European scale and in Polish conditions were discussed. Maintenance management system (MMS) and maintenance system documentation have been characterized. Examples of rail vehicles maintenance plans were also presented
Modern vehicles for refrigeration
Authors: Siczek Krystian , Siczek Krzysztof
Published: September 2018

The article contains an overview of modern solutions for refrigerated vehicles. The most important manufacturers of refrigerated trailers were described. Then, solutions based on adaptation of a refrigeration vehicle were discussed. The characteristics of popular trailers, trailers and bodies used as refrigerators were presented. The telematics systems and aggregates used in refrigerated vehicles were also discussed in the article.
Influence of the dilution factor on the uncertainty of the exhaust gas emission results obtained during testing on the chassis dynamometer
Authors: Szczotka Andrzej , Puchałka Bartosz , Bielaczyc Piotr , Adamiak Borys
Published: September 2018

Exhaust emission measurements on the chassis dynamometer are one of the most important and most complex tests which are performed on vehicles powered by combustion engines. The sample and dilution system (CVS - Constant Volume Sampling) belongs to the most important parts of the exhaust emission laboratory, and has a large impact on the accuracy of the results obtained. In this paper, the influence of the dilution factor (i.e. parameter changed by means of the CVS system, depending on the emission level and engine displacement of the test vehicle) on the uncertainty of the exhaust gas emission results is analysed.
Development of car seat diagnostics to the rules of operation of the OBD system
Authors: Szokało Agnieszka Aleksandra , Rychter Marcin
Published: September 2018

The article aims to present diagnostic systems over the years. It takes into account the standards between norms and the nomenclature in force in the common world. It was presented with an algorithm for digitalization and their interpretation. The article ends with an indication of the development trends of on-board diagnostic systems
Methodology of the calculation of the rigidity coefficient of a substrate under the tracks
Authors: Targosz Jan , Adamczyk Jan , Hebda Maciej
Published: September 2018

The article presents the calculation methodology of the substrate stiffness coefficient under the track. The preparation of numerical models and the determination of the stiffness coefficient using numerical analyzes are discussed. The relationship between generating vibrations in the function of the structural cross-section of the track and material parameters of individual foundation layers is presented.
Methods of determination of frictional resistances in sheet metal forming of car body sheets
Authors: Trzepieciński Tomasz , Nowotyńska Irena
Published: September 2018

The friction phenomenon existed in almost all plastic working processes, in particular sheet metal forming, is a complex function of the material's properties, parameters of the forming process, surface topography of the sheet and tools, and lubrication conditions. During the stamping of the drawpieces there are zones differentiated in terms of stress and strain state, displacement speed and friction conditions. This article describes the methods for determining the value of the coefficient of friction in selected areas of sheet metal and presents the drawbacks and limitations of these methods.
SRK systems - registration of operating data
Authors: Ulatowski Bartłomiej , Łukasik Zbigniew
Published: September 2018

The following article deals with the topic of Rail Traffic Control systems, focusing on the aspects of registration and acquisition of operational data. In the first part of the text, the authors focused on describing what SRK systems are, and how they can be modernized in order to increase security. At the beginning of the study, the authors presented a railway transport called "High Speed railways". The KDP had a big influence on the development of SRK systems. In the further part of the article, the authors focused on the possibility of recording operating data of individual systems and presented the ETCS system, which is a European project aimed at standardizing systems for Railway Traffic Control.
Selection of settings of PID regulators for quadrocopter with the use of optimization methods in the Wolfram MATHEMATICA software
Authors: Wieczorkowski Krzysztof , Cedro Leszek
Published: September 2018

The article presents the method of modeling the dynamics of a quadrocopter and presents a method for the selection of PID regulators. The quadrocopter's dynamics were derived based on the Lagrange equations of the second type. In the form of graphs, the simulation results were presented for the settings selected using the optimization method using the Wolfram Mathematica package
Modelling of car exhaust emission on the basis of data obtained from microscopic traffic flow model
Authors: Wiewióra Mikołaj , Drąg Łukasz
Published: September 2018

In the paper the procedure for car exhaust emission calculation along the road network has been presented. Input parameters for an emission model were obtained from the microscopic traffic flow model. Traffic simulations have been performed in Vissim software. To analyse emission in a road sections whole network has been discretized into fixed length segments. The examples of traffic flow emission modelling for selected lanes at intersection where the traffic flow is controlled by traffic lights are also presented.
Method for determining the coefficient of friction between fence and scraped object in equilibrium of the friction force
Authors: Wolski Mirosław , Piątkowski Tomasz , Osowski Przemysław
Published: September 2018

In this paper presents friction coefficient determination method between scraped object's material and fence material, determined directly on the conveyor belt, which then is introduced in the FEM program (LSDyna) for simulation of the scraping process in the automated sorting plant. In this case, the necessity of using an additional laboratory stand to determine the coefficient of friction is omitted. Due to the existing balance of friction forces, the model of the phenomenon can be treated as static, therefore the measurement is very simple and does not depend on time.
Mobile Monitoring of valatizing gas in vehicles with LPG installation
Authors: Wszelak Stanisław
Published: September 2018

The paper presents an application for the SIM900 module in SBC microcomputers to monitor vapor leaks in LPG powered vehicles. The paper looks specifically at programming microcomputers to communicate with vapor leaks sensors and with the 3G wireless communication unit. It illustrates numerous applications of programming SBC microcomputers in industrial and automotive automation. More information on the programming environment for microcomputers, including code libraries, involved in program compilation might be found in [1], [2], [3].
The influence of the projects led by PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe S.A. that are included in the national railway program until the year 2023 on the transport infrastructurein Poland
Authors: Błaszkiewicz Dorota , Szabłowska Paulina
Published: September 2018

The National Railway Programme (NRP) until the year 2023 assumes the execution of investments worth PLN 66 billion in total, and it is assumed that 220 projects will be completed within the scope of these investments. The projects include work on 9,000 km of tracks. The rehabilitation work will enable PLK to create better connections between various voivodships and regions, along with faster and more comfortable travelling within agglomerations. The improvement of the railway infrastructure condition will ensure higher comfort of customer service at railway stations and train stops. Thanks to the modernization of the tracks, it will also be possible to limit the harmful impact of the infrastructure on the environment and to ensure a higher level of safety. The authors discuss the current stage of NRP and present the most important projects to be done as part of this enterprise. Additionally, the way in which similar investments were accomplished by PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe S.A. as part of earlier initiatives was analysed. The authors discuss the influence of the execution of these projects on the global transport infrastructure in Poland.
The use of points cloud processing in supporting oversize transport analysis
Authors: Borowiec Natalia , Pulak Anna
Published: September 2018

Paper discussed how to create an algorithm that simulates the movement of large-size vehicle and to detect collision of vehicle path with cloud of points. Simulations and analysis that were rune are based on the transport of wind turbine blade. The proposed algorithm was implemented using Python programming language with PCL and NumPy libraries.
Economic calculation in infrastructure policy in Polish road development
Authors: Brdulak Jacek , Pawlak Piotr
Published: September 2018

Paper discussed research that uses economic calcula-tion methods referring to infrastructural policy in Polish road engineering. The first part of the article sets out the reasons for conducting this type of research and the current road development policy in Poland. It turns out that the economic calculation of the effects of the creation of new sections of main roads is not widely used, and in infrastructure programs, old, though still valid, plans from 50 years ago have been replicated for decades. Thus, in the assumptions of the current investment policy, specialist assessments are based on theoretical truths, which are often unrelated to the current, dramatic situation of road construction and its users. Next, the economic calculation methods are briefly described and summarized the research carried out by the authors of the article for the Ministry of Development entitled: Analysis of the impact of the road infrastructure built on the level of economic activity in the surrounding territorial units.
Purpose of using priorities for selected means collective communication
Authors: Chrzan Marcin , Winiarski Mariusz
Published: September 2018

The article discusses the purpose of applying priorities for selected public transport resources on the example of transport solutions in Polish cities. The article reviews systems and indicates the validity of their application in certain communication conditions
Selected parameter’s simulation research in a hydrostatic drive system for anthropomorphic manipulators used in transportation
Authors: Cieślik Karol , Krogul Piotr , Spadło Kacper , Typiak Rafał
Published: September 2018

The article compares anthropomorphic and industrial manipulators. The basic differences between these constructions are indicated, resulting both from the control method as well as the kinematic structure. Presented the method of developing the kinematic structure of the anthropomorphic manipulator as a construction similar to the human upper limb. An anthropomorphic manipulator model was developed based on accepted assemblies concerning a significant increase in human working capacity in the context of reloading and transport work. Simulation studies were carried out on the manipulator model developed in the aspect of determining selected hydro-static drive system parameters.
Concept of high mobility wheelchair with hydrostatic drive system
Authors: Cieślik Karol , Łopatka Marian Janusz , Rubiec Arkadiusz , Spadło Kacper
Published: September 2018

The article presents the concept of a high mobility wheelchair with a hydrostatic drive system .It presents existing solutions of manually driven wheelchair and external powered solutions. It was proposed original drive system, suspension system and turning system unheard in wheelchairs. It was analyzed the distribution of required components. On this basis there was created dynamic model. It was subjected to tests determining the driver's comfort and the load on the structure. The strength analysis of the proposed structure was carried out. As the result, it was created an innovative concept of the high mobility wheelchair capable to moving everywhere where other people can do.
A Simplified Connection of HEV AC/AC Powertrain
Authors: Dobrucký Branislav , Drgoňa Peter , Kaščák Slavomir , Praženica Michal , Pavlásek Pavel
Published: September 2018

Artykuł dotyczy uproszczonej konfiguracji pojazdów hybrydowych HEV. Uproszczenie polega na zmniejszeniu konwertera 4QC wymaganego w trybach hybrydowych. Poza tym tryb pracy w trybie autonomicznej trakcji w trybie akumulatorowym wykorzystuje bezpośrednią konfigurację 0x5 trakcyjnego konwertera macierzy 3x5 McX. Taka konfiguracja może być uzyskana z tego głównego konwertera trakcyjnego. Głównymi zaletami uproszczonego połączenia jest mniejsza wielkość konwertera 4QC - możliwa nieco lepsza wydajność układu napędowego HEV. Dostępne są tryby pracy, modelowanie i układ napędowy układu napędowego skoncentrowany na rozruchu i napędzie trakcyjnym HEV napędzanego przez ICE, rozruch ICE zasilany akumulatorem AB z wykorzystaniem SG jako rozrusznika i napęd trakcyjny zasilany przez AB accu - bateria i hamowanie silnika trakcyjnego, które przenosi energię do akumulatora AB. Wyniki wszystkich eksperymentów symulacyjnych podano w pracy.
Business activity in transport. The twenty year of research
Authors: Dorosiewicz Sławomir , Balke Iwona
Published: September 2018

This paper contains a review of the results of research on the fluctuations of business activity in road transport in the period 1997-2017.
Innovations in individual urban transport systems
Authors: Jamrozik Marika , Kisielewski Piotr
Published: September 2018

In this paper innovative urban individual transport systems have been discussed. The results of the survey conducted on a group of 250 people, of which the largest part were residents of the city in the youngest age group 18-24 shows that knowledge about modern forms of transport and the possible willingness to use them, is not at a high level. The reason is the attachment of society to material goods and lack of awareness about the benefits that the user gains, but also the inhabitants in the aspect of improving the quality of life in the city. The future of transport belongs to systems that are focused on the lack of belonging and sharing economy. The concluded analysis proves that the systems functioning in the States are profitable and convenient for the residents, and the companies constantly develop their offer by expanding with modern solutions and facilities. In Poland, the change of residents habits regarding the forms of mobility will occur with the increase of popularity of modern systems, and this can be obtained by emphasizing the promotion in means of transport, at bus stops, and in the media. Forecasts indicate a steadily growing market value of innovative urban transport systems, which will improve the standard of living in crowded cities.
GANGGUAN MAKAN ANOREXIA NERVOSA DAN BULIMIA NERVOSA PADA REMAJA
Authors: Krisnani Hetty , Santoso Meilanny Budiarti , Putri Destin
Published: September 2018

ABSTRAKMasa remaja merupakan masa perubahan dramatis dalam diri seseorang. Salah satu perubahan yang terjadi adalahperubahan komposisi tubuh, terutama akumulasi lemak tubuh pada remaja puteri. Dengan adanya akumulasi lemak tubuh tersebut, ada anggapan bahwa mereka tidak memiliki tubuh semenarik yang diinginkan. Hal ini akan mendorong remaja puteri mencari jalan keluar agar memiliki tampilan fisik yang ideal, salah satunya adalah dengan melakukan perubahan kebiasaan makan yang umumnya menyimpang. Kebiasaan makan yang tidak benar itu dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya  gangguan makan atau eating disorder yang dapat berdampak buruk bagi remaja.  Eating disorders (ED) merupakan gangguan mental yang meskipun berhubungan dengan pola makan dan berat badan, gangguan tersebut bukanlah mengenai makanan, tetapi mengenai perasaan dan ekspresi diri. Pada umumnya, penderita ED adalah mereka yang memiliki kepercayaan diri rendah. Terdapat dua macam ED, yaitu anorexia nervosa dan bulimia nervosa. Kedua gangguan tersebut mempunyai tujuan yang sama, yaitu menguruskan badan. ABSTRACTAdolescence is a time of dramatic change in a person. One of the changes that occur are changes in body composition, especially the accumulation of body fat in girls. Given the accumulation of body fat, there is the assumption that they do not have a body as attractive as desired. This will encourage the girls find a way out in order to have the ideal physical appearance, one is to change eating habits are generally distorted.  Improper eating habits can result in eating disorders or disordered eating can be bad for teens. Eating disorders (ED) is a mental disorder even though associated with diet and weight, the disorder is not about food, but about feelings and self-expression. In general, patients with ED are those who have low confidence. There are two kinds of ED, namely anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Both of these disorders have the same goal, which is to lose weight.
PENINGKATAN KAPASITAS ORGANISASI TEMAN SEBANGKU DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESADARAN DAN LITERASI PENDIDIKAN BAGI ANGKATAN BELAJAR DESA CISEMPUR , KABUPATEN SUMEDANG
Authors: Santoso Meilanny Budiarti , Besman Abie , Hasanah Mia Uswatun
Published: September 2018

ABSTRAKMasyarakat Desa Cisempur, Kecamatan Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang, Provinsi Jawa Barat merupakan masyarakatyang memiliki rataan tingkat pendidikan yang masih rendah, berdasarkan data dari BPS Kabupaten Sumedang tahun2014,  angkatan  kerja  didominasi  oleh  lulusan  SMP  dan  SMA.  Hal  ini  mengakibatkan  tingkat  keinginan  untuk meneruskan sekolah tidak begitu tinggi. Berdasar hal tersebut, maka pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui literasi pendidikan  menjadi  salah  satu  opsi  untuk  kesadaran  warga  akan  pendidikan.  Salah  satu  caranya  adalah  dengan mendorong sebuah organisasi lokal bernama Teman Sebangku untuk menjadi pionir penggerak literasi pendidikan. Namun organisasi Teman Sebangku juga membutuhkan sebuah pemicu untuk melakukan kegiatan dengan lebih baik dan lebih terkordinasi. Kebutuhan warga adalah peningkatan kesadaran dan literasi pendidikan bagi angkatan belajar secara berkala dan berkelanjutan sebagai wujud pemenuhan hak pendidikan bagi anak-anak. Luaran yang diharapkan dari kegiatan ini adalah adanya kesadaran warga dan siswa akan pentingnya melanjutkan pendidikan. Target luaran dalam jangka panjangnya adalah perbaikan kualitas pendidikan masyarakat dan berkurangnya angka kemiskinan. ABSTRACTCisempur Village Community, Jatinangor Subdistrict, Sumedang Regency, West Java Province is a society with a lowlevel of education, based on data from BPS Sumedang in 2014, the generation of worker is dominated by junior and senior high school graduates. Based on this, community empowerment through educational literacy becomes one of the options for citizens' awareness of education. One of the solution for this problem is developing a local organization named Teman Sebangku. This Community is very potential to be a pioneer for   educational literacy, But Teman Sebangku organization also needs a trigger for better and more coordinated activities. From this analysis, education awareness and literacy is one of the important introduce an education for children. The expected outcomes of this work is the awareness of citizens and students of the importance of continuing education. The long-term outcome target is improving the quality of community education and reducing poverty.
PENGUATAN KELEMBAGAAN DALAM MEMBANGUN RESOLUSI KONFLIK MELALUI PELATIHAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN BAGI MASYARAKAT NELAYAN DI DESA ERETAN WETAN KECAMATAN KANDANGHAUR KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU PROVINSI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Nulhaqim Soni Akhmad
Published: September 2018

ABSTRAKKegitan PPM ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya fakta bahwa masyarakat di Desa Eretan Wetan Kecamatan KandanghaurKabupaten Indramayu yang sangat menggantungkan hidup pada hasil laut. Pola pikir masyarakat yang belum terbuka dan terbatasnya kemampuan di bidang lain mendorong masyarakat menjadi nelayan tangkap. Padahal disisi lain banyak potensi lain yang dapat dimaksimalkan sebagai salah satu upaya untuk memperoleh penghasilan. Salah satunya yaitu melalui kegiatan kewirausahaan. Dalam kegiata ini Tim PPM melakukan kegiatan pelatihan kewirausahaan sebagai salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat sebagai alternatif mata pencaharian lain. Selain itu, hal ini juga merupakan salah satu upaya resolusi konflik pada masyarakat nelayan di Desa Eretan Wetan agar konflik akibat persaingan sumber daya ekonomi (perikanan dan kelautan) di masyarakat nelayan tersebut dapat berkurang.Tujuan kegiatan PPM ini yaitu, pertama kegiatan ini diharapkan mampu meningkatkan pemahaman dan keterampilan masyarakat nelayan Desa Eretan Wetan dalam melakukan kegiatan kewirausahaan. Kedua, kegiatan ini diharapkan mampu meningkatan pendapatan masyarakat nelayan. Ketiga, kegiatan ini juga diharapkan mampu menjadi salah satu upaya upaya resolusi konflik pada masyarakat nelayan Desa Eretan Wetan.Kegitan  PPM ini  dilakukan  dengan  melakukan  kegiatan persiapan,  pemetaan  wilayah,  pelaksanaan  pelatihan  dan monitoring serta evaluasi. Indikator keberhasilan dari kegiatan PPM ini yaitu meningkatnya pengetahuan, keterampilan dan motivasi dalam bidang kewirausahaan bagi masyarakat Desa Eretan Wetan Kecamatan Kandanghaur Kabupaten Indramayu.
The shear bond strength of reconditioned sapphire bracket after rebonding with sandblasting zirconia
Authors: Pitriani Dedeh , Logamarta Setiadi W , Imam Dian N. Agus
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Sapphire bracket is the best aesthetic bracket with metal bracket-like mechanical properties. In conditions causing attachment lost between sapphire bracket and enamel, a rebonding procedure will needed. The shear bond strength of sapphire bracket decrease after the rebonding procedure. Sandblasting, hydrofluoric acid etching, and silanization as surface treatment are widely used to improve the bracket bond strength. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of zirconia as sandblasting material towards the shear bond strength of reconditioned sapphire bracket. Methods: This study was an experimental laboratory with as much as 27 samples of sapphire bracket divided into 3 groups. Group I was rebonded with sandblasting zirconia and silane, group II with hydrofluoric acid etching and silane, and group III with new bracket bonding. The attachment strength measurement indicator was the shear bond strength test and the SEM analysis. Results: The shear bond strength test showed the average value for each group were 12.97 MPa, 9.26 MPa, and 10.58 MPa, consecutively. The test results were then analysed using a one way ANOVA and LSD (p < 0.05), which showed that significant difference only found in the comparison between group I with group II, but not in the comparison between group I with group III. The SEM analysis result showed that sandblasted surface has homogenous microporosities in high quantities. Conclusion: Zirconia as sandblasting material was effective in increasing the shear bond strength of reconditioned sapphire bracket.
Description of palatal rugae size and direction in children with gender difference
Authors: Nur Muhammad Arfianto , Djustiana Nina , Malinda Yuti
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Indonesia has a high number of children victims of disaster in the last five years, but the children do not have identity cards, causing difficulties in the identification process. Palatal rugae are considered unique in individuals, and their morphology remains stable throughout life. Data of palatal rugae pattern in children aimed to facilitate the process of identification of the child's gender. The purpose of this research was to discover the description of palatal rugae in children which can be used as a reference of gender identification in children. Method: A descriptive research design was performed with purposive sampling method. Samples were taken from 119 maxilla images consisted of 69 images of girls maxilla and 50 images of boys maxilla. The study was performed by taking individual maxilla images with intraoral mirror and observing towards the direction of the palatal rugae according to the Carrea classification, and the size of palatal rugae according the Lysell classification. Results: The type IV direction and secondary size of palatal rugae were found to be dominant on both sides of maxilla in boys and girls. Conclusion: Palatal rugae in boys and girls were having the same direction which was the type IV, and the size of secondary rugae was found to be dominant on both sides of the palate. Palatal rugae also proofed to be able to become the complementary method for determining unidentified gender in children.
Antibacterial effect of pineapple (Ananas comosus) extract towards Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Loon Yong Ker , Satari Mieke Hemiawati , Dewi Warta
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the important medical pathogens which have been recognised for many years as a remedyfor a wide case of oral infections. Nowadays, the use of herbal remedy for reducing bacteria in the oral cavity has been implemented widely due to thefewer side effects. Therefore, researchershave been findingwaysto use pineapple in dentistry to prevent many cases of oral diseases. The purpose of this study was to prove that pineapple extract indifferent concentration had the potential as an antibacterial agent towards Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: The study was an experimental laboratory conducted by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration of pineapple (Ananas comosus) with thetwo-fold serial dilution methods. Results:The The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the pineapple extract was 1.56%-0.78%. Conclusion: The pineapple extract had anantibacterial effect towards Staphylococcus aureus due to the bromelain compound and its phytochemical factor such as Vitamin C and flavonoid.
Effect of chitosan as a coupling agent and types of stabiliser of zirconia filler on nanocomposite hardness
Authors: Putri Tansza Permata Setiana , Manurung Rosida , Usri Kosterman , Purwasasmita Bambang Sunendar
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Nanocomposite has been developed as a dental restoration. Nano-scale filler can result in high mechanical properties and good esthetic. Nanofiller materials such as partially stabilised zirconia (PSZ) has been recommended for dental use. This form of zirconia can be stabilised by the addition of several different oxides such as magnesia and calcia. Chitosan as a coupling agent was able to increase the nanocomposite’s mechanical properties. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the nanocomposite’s hardness value with and without the addition of chitosan as a coupling agent as well as a different stabiliser of zirconia filler. Methods: Procedures of this research consisted of several stages which were the fabrication of nanocomposite and mechanical properties measurement using the Vicker’s hardness testing. Results: The nanocomposite’s hardness value (kg/mm2) with zirconia filler stabilised by MgO without the addition of chitosan was as much as 5.09 and with the addition of chitosan was 7.51; the nanocomposite ’s hardness number with zirconia filler stabilised by  CaO without the addition of chitosan was 8.16 and with the addition of chitosan was 13.13.  The results were then analysed statistically using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test and showed a significant difference between all of those data groups. Conclusion: The addition of chitosan as well as different stabiliser (MgO and CaO) of Zirconia filler had affected the nanocomposite ’s hardness value.
The effect of nanoparticles TiO2 on the flexural strength of acrylic resin denture plate
Authors: Tandra Edwin , Wahyuningtyas Endang , Sugiatno Erwan
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Acrylic resin is still the most commonly used denture base material due to its ideal properties. However, acrylic resin denture fractures are still considered a major unsolved problem thus the addition of nanoparticles as filler was performed to increase its mechanical properties. The purpose of this study was to discovered the effect of nanoparticles TiO2 on the flexural strength of acrylic resin denture plate. Method: This study used 27 heat-cured acrylic resin specimens sized 65 x 10 x 2.5 mm. The samples were divided into three concentration groups (n = 9), the control group; 1% of nanoparticles TiO2; and 3% of nanoparticles TiO2. The flexural strength was tested using the Universal Testing Machine. All data were analysed using the one-way ANOVA test with 95% confidence level then continued with the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. Results: There were significant flexural strength differences in different concentration of nanoparticles TiO2. The highest flexural strength value was found in the 1% of nanoparticles TiO2 group (106.99 ± 6.09 MPa), whilst the lowest flexural strength value was found in the 3% of nanoparticles TiO2 group (91.64 ± 5.38 MPa). Significant flexural strength difference was found between the control group and the 1% of nanoparticles TiO2 group, and also between the 1% of nanoparticles TiO2 group with the 3% of nanoparticles TiO2 group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: From this study can be concluded that concentration of 1% of nanoparticles TiO2 was able to increase the flexural strength of acrylic resin denture plate.
Differences in the tensile strength of direct nanohybrid composite veneers between the V and VIII generation dentin bonding agent after extracoronal bleaching
Authors: Rizkia Erlin Zuke , Logamarta Setiadi Warata , Dwiandhono Irfan
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Tooth discolouration is the most common esthetic problems in dentistry. Direct composite veneer is an adjunctive therapy for severe teeth discolouration by attaching to the tooth surface using an acid etching and dental bonding agent. In several cases of severe discolouration, it is required to have certain preliminary treatments such as bleaching prior to the placement of the composite veneer. However, bleaching agents are able to lead the enamels morphology and microstructure alteration by inhibiting the polymerisation bonding thus affecting the veneer adhesion. This study was aimed to determine the tensile bond strength of direct composite veneers between the V and VII generation dentin bonding agent after extracoronal bleaching. Methods: This study was an experimental laboratory of as much as 32 human permanent maxillary central incisors were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 was treated with extracoronal bleaching and bonded with the V generation bonding nanohybrid composite. Group 2 was treated with extracoronal bleaching and bonded with the VIII generation bonding nanohybrid composite. Group 3 was only bonded with the V generation bonding nanohybrid composite. Group 4 was only bonded with the VIII generation bonding nanohybrid composite. All samples were immersed in artificial saliva then incubated at the room temperature for 24 hours. Results: The tensile strength value was determined using the Universal Testing Machine. The ANOVA test results showed significant differences in all four groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The VIII generation bonding agent had a higher tensile strength than the V generation.
Dental alginate impression waste as additional fertiliser for plant yields and soil quality
Authors: Frahdian Tommy , Hasratiningsih Zulia , Karlina Elin , Herdiyantoro Diyan , Takarini Veni
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Dental alginate impression material is the most common material used in dentistry. However, dental alginate waste (DAW) is one of the causes of the increasing number of dentistry and medicinal wastes. This research was aimed to discover the effect of dental alginate impression waste as additional fertiliser on the plant yields by determining the weight of cauliflower crop, and towards the quality of soil by determining the soil pH (Ultisol® Jatinangor). Methods: The experiment was using a randomised block design with 4 treatments and 7 times replications. The treatment consisted of A0 (0% DAW as control), A1 (0.01% DAW), A2 (0.1% DAW), and A3 (1% DAW). Results: The weight of cauliflower after addition of DAW in group A0 was 72.78; A1 was 139.82); A2 was 130.69; and A3 was 60.72). While the pH soil in group A0 was 5.92; A1 was 6.07; A2 was 6.02; and A3 was 6.26. The treatment in the A1 and A2 groups were found as the significant doses that able to increase the cauliflower weight for consecutively 1.92 times and 1.80 times compared to the control group, while on the soil quality improvement (soil pH), the addition of DAW was not significantly affected. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the addition of dental alginate waste at the dose of 0.01% and 0.1% increased the weight of cauliflower, but has no significant effect on the soil quality.
The Healthy Eating Plate and periodontal health knowledge in undergraduate students of Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran
Authors: Rusjanti Janti , Solihati Salma Kamila , Zubaedah Cucu
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Periodontal disease is a multifactorial disease that attacks periodontal tissue caused by bacterial plaque and calculus, and also nutritional deficiency. Applying a healthy dietary habit will be able to prevent the occurrence of periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to discovered description of the Healthy Eating Plate habit and periodontal health knowledge in undergraduate students of Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran. Method: This research was quantitative with two questionnaire instruments; the first contained the food variety and the proportion consumed by respondents, and the second contained questions regarding the periodontal health. The samples were as much as 137 undergraduate students of Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran batch 2015, taken with an accidental random sampling technique. Results: The nutritional proportion of all respondents were as follows: at breakfast, 27.5% of carbohydrate, 25.1% of protein, 24.3% of vegetables, and 23.4% of fruits; at lunch, 29.1% of protein, 27.1% of carbohydrates, 19.8% of vegetables, and 24.4% of fruits; at dinner, 27% of protein, 23% of carbohydrate, 20.9% of vegetables, and 20.1% of fruits. The level of periodontal knowledge was 68.94%. Conclusion: The respondent's dietary habit was close enough to the indicators of the Healthy Eating Plate, with a moderate level of periodontal health knowledge.
Stress distribution analysis on the one-stage non-submerged and two-stage submerged system implant supported bridge
Authors: Prihatono Joko , Sumarsongko Taufik , Dirgantara Tata Cipta , Rikmasari Rasmi
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Tooth restoration and implant-supported was one of the methods to overcome the free end cases. Abutment and implant are two components that are fused together by a screw. Therefore, the main problem to solve are loosened screw and implant or abutment fracture because of increasing unpredictable potential force on the implant, abutment, and screw. The purpose of this research was to describe the distribution stress between the connection of the body of implant and abutment on the submerged and non-submerged design of the implant supported bridge. Method: The submerged and non-submerged design implant have been analyzed using the Finite Element Method under lateral and vertical static load for 180 N. The numeric model for lower jaw posterior segmented bone was determined by computed tomography, and the load measurement was performed to observe the distribution at the connection between the body of implant and the abutment of the implant supported bridge submerge and non-submerged design. Results: At the lateral load, the distribution strength value was 1.562x107 Pa, whilst for the non-submerged was 9.63x107Pa. At the vertical load, the distribution strength value was 1.038x107 Pa, whilst for the non-submerged was 3.342x107Pa. At the load of 180 N towards the vertical and lateral on the supported implant bridge, the distribution strength value had a smaller scale compared to the ultimate tensile strength (UTS), which was 1040 MPa (1.04 x 109 Pa). Conclusion: Both of the design including the secondary component (abutment) was safe to used as the supporting implant bridge.
The performance of 1% solution of baking soda as the mouthwashing for elderly xerostomia patients on the salivary secretion
Authors: Ariyanti Ririn , Tjahajawati Sri , Mariam Marry Siti
Published: September 2018

Introduction: The ageing process in older adults could cause a decreasing salivary secretion. Indicators of salivary secretion could be measured by observing an increasing salivary volume and pH, and a decreasing salivary viscosity. This study was aimed to observe the performance of 1% solution of baking soda on the salivary secretion of elderly xerostomia patients. Methods: The study used the quasi-experimental method with purposive sampling technique. The subjects were 24 older adults who were administered with 1% solution of baking soda. Results: The results showed that the averages volume, pH, and viscosity of the saliva before rinsing with 1% solution of baking soda were lower than after rinsing with the solution (p < 0.005). The average values of volume and pH of saliva before rinsing of 1% solution of baking soda were 0.15ml/min and 5.4, respectively, whilst after rinsing with the solution were 0.14ml/min and 7.42, respectively. The difference in saliva viscosity before and after rinsing with the solution showed that there were changes in the viscosity from frothy to watery. Conclusion: 1% solution of baking soda solution was able to increase the salivary secretion of elderly xerostomia patients, observed from an increasing salivary volume and pH, and a decreasing salivary viscosity after rinsing with 1% solution of baking soda.
Hardness evaluation of dental composites fabricated from the uniform size and well-distributed zirconia-alumina-silica fillers with sol-gel technique
Authors: Hakim Muhammad Lukman Nur , Faza Yanwar , Hasratiningsih Zulia , Djustiana Nina , Sunendar Bambang
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Several factor limits of services of dental composite have triggered further improvement. ZrO2-Al2O3-SiO2 system as filler of dental composite had been developed with sol-gel technique. Ultrasonic homogeniser were reported to change the particle size ditribution or shape. Unifom size and distribution of particle is believed to help define the behavior of hardness properties. Methods: The study was an laboratory experimental design. Filler ZrO2-Al2O3-SiO2 system were developed via sol-gel methods. Post calcination process, filler were immerse in ethanol and applied with ultrasonic homogeniser, with various amplitude i.e 50 rpm, 60 rpm and 80 rpm then named sample A, B, and C. XRD, SEM anda PSA were used to characterize of filler system. Subsequent filler were used to fabricate dental composite then evaluate the hardness value using micro-hardness tester. One–way ANOVA was used to analysis the statistical result of hardness value. Results: XRD pattern of three sample were similar in which tetragonal zirconia was prominent (57-61 %) followed by monoclinic zirconia (24-25%) and amorphous (15-17 %). While, SEM and PSA characterization showed amplitude 50 rpm (sample A) produce more uniform size and well-distributed particle filler than the others. In contrary, sample B and C showed higher peak in PSA results. It means there was dominating of filler with particular size.  However, the hardness value did not show significant differences between those filler (p>0,05). Conclusion: Dental composite that contain of different uniformity and distribution of filler ZrO2-Al2O3-SiO2 system has no significantly differences of hardness value.
Setting time evaluation of injectable carbonate apatite cement using various sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Na CMC) concentration
Authors: Cahyanto Arief , Permatasari Indah , Febrida Renny
Published: September 2018

Introduction: The injectable calcium phosphate cement has the advantage to be used in the bone defect with the limited access which supports a minimally invasive surgical technique. These Injectability properties of calcium phosphate cement can be modified by adding a sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Na CMC). The aim of this present study is to investigate the setting time of injectable bone cement based on CO3Ap using various Na CMC concentration. Methods: Vaterite (a polymorph of CaCO3) and Dicalcium Phosphate Anhydrous (DCPA) as powder phase mixed with 0.2 mol/L Na2HPO4 solution containing 1% polyethylene glycol (PEG) and various concentration of Na CMC as followed 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%, respectively. Each concentration groups was consisting of 5 samples from total 20 samples. Powder and liquid phase was mixed with a spatula at a liquid to powder (L/P) ratio of 0.4. The setting time of CO3Ap cement was evaluated according to the modification method standardized by ISO 1566 for dental zinc phosphate cement using a custom fabricated Vicat needle apparatus. The cement was maintained at 37ºC and 100% relative humidity as a standard requirement. Results: The mean value of setting time cement was as followed 0.5% Na CMC 35:06 minutes, 1% Na CMC 38:48 minutes, 1.5% Na CMC 40:06 minutes, and 2% Na CMC 41:30 minutes. The result is statistically significant (p<0.05) with the group of 0.5% Na CMC compared to others group. Conclusion: Increasing the concentration of Na CMC could prolong the setting time of CO3Ap cement.
Relationship between the clinical assessment of maxillary and mandibular complete denture stability and denture-bearing area towards the patient’s satisfaction level
Authors: Ritonga Putri Welda Utami , Prabakaran Luveena Loshini
Published: September 2018

Introduction: The dentist’s evaluation of complete denture often differs from the patient’s evaluation. Dentists are more prioritising the clinical aspects of the dentures, such as vertical dimension, aesthetical, stability, and denture-bearing area, while patients are more prioritising their satisfaction based on aspects such as aesthetical, mastication, comfort, and phonetic ability. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the stability of maxillary and mandibular denture-bearing area towards the complete denture patient’s satisfaction level. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study with purposive sampling as the sampling method. The sample of this study was as much as 30 complete denture patient. The patients were interviewed using a questionnaire in each of the patient’s house, to obtain a more honest patient’s satisfaction assessment on the dentures, without being affected by any clinical environment and assessment. The interview was conducted before the clinical evaluation was performed. The statistical analysis was performed using the Fisher’s test. The stability of the denture-bearing area was evaluated clinically. Mastication ability and patient’s comfort were evaluated using a questionnaire. Result: A significant relationship was found between the stability of maxillary denture-bearing area towards mastication (p = 0.012), and the stability of mandibular denture-bearing area towards mastication (p = 0.029); while no significant relationship was found between the stability of maxillary denture-bearing area towards the patient’s comfort (p = 0,051), and the stability of mandibular denture-bearing area towards the patient’s comfort (p = 0,547). Conclusion: There was a relationship between the  stability of maxillary and mandibular denture-bearing area towards the patient’s masticatory satisfaction level. However, the relationship between the  stability of maxillary and mandibular denture-bearing area towards the patient’s comfort was not found.
Caries risk and preventive home-treatment in pre-school children - An Irene Donuts ellaborative pilot study
Authors: Suwargiani Anne Agustina , Wardani Riana , Putri Fidya Meditia , Susilawati Sri , Zubaedah Cucu , Jasrin Tadeus Arufan
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Caries risk assessment is an effort performed to determine the causes of dental caries and the caries risk of the children. The purpose of the study was to determine the caries risk of pre-school children and the possible preventive home-treatment in reducing the risk. Methods: This research was descriptive with sampling method used was the total sampling technique. Data were collected using the Irene’s Donuts caries risk form to determine the caries risk and preventive treatment of the children. Caries risk assessment data was presented in the form of frequency distribution tables. Results: The first-year research resulted as follows: distribution of caries risk frequency based on the interview conducted towards the parents in Ulul Azmi and Amanah Kindergarten, regarding their education, age, children’s habits, showed that the highest risk (88.9%) in both kindergartens was found in children who still drink milk with pacifier bottles until more than four-years-old. The second highest risk amongst Ulul Azmi Kindergarten students (88.9%) was found in children with daily candy consumption; the highest risk amongst Arroyyan Kindergarten (90%) was tooth decay which considered not interfering the children’s development with the pH level below 6.5. Regarding the treatment choice of the students, the most choices taken amongst Ulul Azmi Kindergarten parents were helping their children brush their teeth at night before bedtime; assuring the children’s sufficient water consumption in Amanah Kindergarten parents; assuring the children’s vegetable and fruits contained menu in Arroyyan Kindergarten parents. Conclusion: The highest caries risk of pre-school children is tooth decay, with the possible preventive home-treatment, were helping the children to brush their teeth at night before bedtime, assuring the children’s sufficient water consumption, and assuring the children’s vegetable and fruits contained menu.