bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ecogenomics sheds light on diverse lifestyle strategies in freshwater CPR
Authors: Chiriac Maria-Cecilia , Bulzu Paul-Adrian , Andrei Adrian-Stefan , Okazaki Yusuke , Nakano Shin-ichi , Haber Markus , Kavagutti Vinicius Silva , Layoun Paul , Ghai Rohit , Salcher Michaela M.
Published: March 2022

Background. The increased use of metagenomics and single-cell genomics led to the discovery of organisms from phyla with no cultivated representatives and proposed new microbial lineages such as the candidate phyla radiation (CPR, or Patescibacteria). These bacteria have peculiar ribosomal structures, reduced metabolic capacities, small genome and cell sizes, and a general host-associated lifestyle was proposed for the radiation. So far, most CPR genomes were obtained from groundwaters, however, their diversity, abundance, and role in surface freshwaters is largely unexplored. Here we attempt to close these knowledge gaps by deep metagenomic sequencing of 119 samples of 17 different freshwater lakes located in Europe and Asia. Moreover, we applied Fluorescence in situ Hybridization followed by Catalyzed Reporter Deposition (CARD-FISH) for a first visualization of distinct CPR lineages in freshwater samples.Results. A total of 174 dereplicated metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of diverse CPR lineages were recovered from the investigated lakes, with a higher prevalence from hypolimnion samples (162 MAGs). They have reduced genomes (median size 1 Mbp) and were generally found in low abundances (0.02 – 14.36 coverage/Gb) and with estimated slow replication rates. The analysis of genomic traits and CARD-FISH results showed that the radiation is an eclectic group in terms of metabolic capabilities and potential lifestyles, ranging from what appear to be free-living lineages to host- or particle-associated groups. Although some complexes of the electron transport chain were present in the CPR MAGs, together with ion-pumping rhodopsins and heliorhodopsins, we believe that they most probably adopt a fermentative metabolism. Terminal oxidases might function in O2 scavenging, while heliorhodopsins could be involved in mitigation against oxidative stress.Conclusions. A high diversity of CPR MAGs was recovered, and distinct CPR lineages did not seem to be limited to lakes with specific trophic states. Their reduced metabolic capacities resemble the ones described for genomes in groundwater and animal-associated samples, apart from Gracilibacteria that possesses more complete metabolic pathways. Even though this radiation is mostly host-associated, we also observed organisms from different clades (ABY1, Paceibacteria, Saccharimonadia) that appear to be unattached to any other organisms or were associated with ‘lake snow’ particles (ABY1, Gracilibacteria), suggesting a broad range of potential life-strategies in this phylum.
WITHDRAWN: Observing patterns in MRI with QSM in Patients with SOD1 and C9ORF72 Genetic ALS
Authors: Warner DO Robin
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The most common forms of familial ALS are due to the C9ORF72 and SOD1 genes. Pathology studies have demonstrated patients with C9ORF72 ALS tend to develop more protein aggregates in the cerebellum and temporal lobes, while SOD1 patients develop more protein aggregates in the frontal and temporal lobes. (REF). Other means of looking for these signs are not established. Currently, we use brain MRI quantitative susceptibility mapping analysis (QSM) to examine susceptibility in the motor cortex, which is typically increased in motor neuron disease, correlating with the clinical syndrome. We designed a study to retrospectively assess the MRI/QSM in genetic ALS patients for specific regional changes.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all genetic ALS patients seen in Neurology at Hospital for Special Surgery from 2013 through 2018 who had MRI with QSM. Our neuroradiologist carefully examined the scans of each patient.Results: We found no distinguishing abnormalities in the brain MRIs of the genetic ALS patients reviewed. QSM of the motor cortices and corticospinal tracts showed increase in susceptibility, which is not unique to any specific type of ALS.Discussion: MRI/QSM may not be useful in distinguishing ALS patients with the C9ORF72 or SOD1 mutations. This could reflect that the amount of protein aggregation may not be directly related to axonal loss, or that they affect certain neurons/tracts more than others.
Mineralogy and bulk geochemistry of a fumarole at Hverir, Iceland: Analog for acid-sulfate leaching on Mars
Authors: Carson George L. , McHenry Lindsay J. , Hynek Brian M. , Cameron Barry I. , Glenister Chase T.
Published: March 2022

Iceland’s Námafjall geothermal area exhibits a range of alteration environments. Geochemical and mineralogical analyses of fumaroles and hot springs interacting with Holocene basaltic lavas at Hverir, and with Pleistocene hyaloclastites atop nearby Námaskar∂, reveal diﬀerent patterns of alteration depending on the water/rock ratio, degree of oxidation, and substrate composition and age. The focus of this study is a transect of a Hverir fumarole that has formed a bullseye pattern of alteration of a Holocene basaltic lava flow. Surface samples and samples collected from shallow pits were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to constrain changes in mineral assemblage and major elemental composition with both distance and depth. Elemental sulfur is concentrated near the vent, with leached deposits with amorphous silica and anatase nearby and kaolinite, hematite, and jarosite/alunite-group sulfate minerals farther out, with smectites and less altered material at the margins, though smaller-scale mineralogical diversity complicates this pattern.

Silica phases include amorphous silica (most samples), cristobalite (some samples in the leached part of the apron), and quartz (minor constituent of a few samples). The silica was concentrated through residual enrichment caused by leaching and is accompanied by a significant enrichment in TiO2 (in anatase). The presence of abundant cristobalite in a surface fumarole-altered Holocene basaltic lava flow most likely reflects cristobalite formed during the devitrification of volcanic glass or precipitation from fumarolic vapors, rather than high-temperature processes. Minor, localized quartz likely reflects diagenetic maturation of earlier-formed amorphous silica, under surface hydrothermal conditions. Natroalunite, natrojarosite, and jarosite are all present and even exhibit compositional zonation within individual crystals, showing that under surface hydrothermal conditions, these minerals can form a significant solid solution.

The high iron content of the substrate basalt and the prevalence of Fe-sulfates and Fe-oxide spherules among the alteration products makes this geothermal area an especially useful analog for potential martian hydrothermal environments. The residual enrichment of silica in the leached deposits of the Hverir fumarole apron could serve as an acid-sulfate leaching model in which amorphous silica forms without appreciable sulfur-bearing phases in many samples, a possible analog for silica-rich soils in the Columbia Hills on Mars. The coexistence of hematite spherules and jarosite-group minerals serves as an intriguing analog for a volcanic/hydrothermal model for hematite and jarosite occurrences at Meridiani Planum.
Effects of thermal annealing on water content and δ18O in zircon
Authors: Yang Chuan-Mao , Xia Xiao-Ping , Gao Yu-Ya , Wang Xue , Zhang Wan-Feng , Cui Ze-Xian , Yang Ya-Nan , Yang Qing , Xu Yi-Gang
Published: March 2022

Primary water and oxygen isotope composition are important tools in tracing magma source and evolution. Metamictization of zircon due to U-Th radioactive decay may introduce external secondary water to the crystal, thereby masking the primary water and oxygen isotope signature. Recently, Raman-based screening has been established to select the low-degree metamict zircons. However, such an approach may not be appropriate for ancient samples, in which nearly all zircons are metamict. It was reported that thermal annealing can potentially heal crystals and retrieve primary water content and δ18O information from metamict zircons, given the weaker hydrogen bond of secondary water than that of primary water. Heating experiments at temperatures of 200–1000 °C over a period of 2–10 h reveal that annealing can effectively recover primary water and oxygen isotopes from metamict zircons. Primary water in crystalline and metamict zircons remains intact when heated at <700 °C, while secondary water can be effectively expelled from metamict zircons when heated at 600 °C for >4 h, which represent the optimal annealing treatment condition. Hydrothermally altered zircon is an exception. It only yields the minimum estimate of its primary water contents at 600 °C over a period of >4 h, probably due to partial primary water loss during metamictization for hydrothermal zircons. Moreover, the proportion of low-δ18O (<4.7‰) zircon grains that may be influenced by secondary water dropped from ~21% at <600 °C to ~9% when annealed at >700 °C. This study therefore provides the basis for applying zircon water and δ18O proxies to geologically ancient samples.
Level of self-efficacy of middle school students during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Pranowo Taufik Agung
Published: March 2022

Purpose -  The purpose of this study was to determine the level of self-efficacy in students at Sarbini Islamic Junior High School.  Method - This type of research is quantitative research. The population in this study was 215 students. The sample used in this study was 25 students. Sampling was done by purposive random sampling. Data analysis in this study used descriptive quantitative.Result - The level of student self-efficacy at the moderate level shows a value of 26%. As for the high level shows a value of 21%. Students at Sarbini Islamic Junior High School experienced a low level of self-efficacy with a value of 7%, and a level of self-efficacy in the less category with a value of 19%. In each indicator, it can be seen that there are only 2 levels of high self-efficacy with values of 77 and 81 on the indicators of Adjusting to Tasks and Self-Assessment of Ability to Do Tasks. While other indicators are in the medium category.Implications – This research has an impact on knowing the level of self-efficacy of Sarbini Islamic Junior High School students to provide an overview to Sarbini Islamic Junior High School teachers in the learning process.Originality – Strengthening students at Islamic Junior High School through self-efficacy in the form of guidance and counseling services.***Tujuan - Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat efikasi diri pada siswa SMP Islam Sarbini.Metode - Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 215 siswa. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 25 siswa. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive random sampling. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif.Hasil - Tingkat efikasi diri siswa pada tingkat sedang menunjukkan nilai sebesar 26%. Sedangkan untuk level tinggi menunjukkan nilai sebesar 21%. Siswa SMP Islam Sarbini mengalami tingkat efikasi diri rendah dengan nilai 7%, dan tingkat efikasi diri dalam kategori kurang dengan nilai 19%. Pada masing-masing indikator terlihat hanya terdapat 2 tingkat efikasi diri yang tinggi dengan nilai 77 dan 81 pada indikator Menyesuaikan Tugas dan Penilaian Diri Kemampuan Mengerjakan Tugas. Sedangkan indikator lainnya berada pada kategori sedang.Implikasi - Penelitian ini berdampak pada mengetahui tingkat efikasi diri siswa SMP Islam Sarbini untuk memberikan gambaran kepada guru SMP Islam Sarbini dalam proses pembelajaran.Originalitas - Penguatan siswa MTs melalui studi level efikasi diri berupa layanan bimbingan dan konseling.
Analysis of parental burnout conditions during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia
Authors: Fazny Bella Yugi
Published: March 2022

Purpose -  This research aimed to describe the level of parental burnout of parents in children during the COVID-19 pandemic.  Method - Measurements were carried out using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) instrument. Participants in this research amounted to 164 people spread across various regions in Indonesia.Result - 15% of parents experienced a high level of parental burnout, 64% of parents experienced a moderate level of parental burnout and 21% of parents experienced a low level of parental burnout in the care of children under 18 years old during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of another survey of the need for assistance were that 96% of parents answered that it was necessary to provide a self-healing guidebook related to mental health issues (self-therapy).Implications – This research has an impact on developing a first aid handbook to assist parents in identifying and dealing with parental burnout independently through self-healing therapy.Originality – This research is an overview of the need for assistance that can be provided or developed by further researchers especially in the care of children under 18 years old during the COVID-19 pandemic.***Tujuan - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tingkat parental burnout orang tua pada anak selama masa pandemi COVID-19.Metode - Pengukuran dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrumen Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Partisipan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 164 orang yang tersebar di berbagai daerah di Indonesia.Hasil - 15% orang tua mengalami tingkat kelelahan orang tua yang tinggi, 64% orang tua mengalami tingkat kelelahan orang tua yang sedang dan 21% orang tua mengalami tingkat kelelahan orang tua yang rendah dalam mengasuh anak di bawah usia 18 tahun selama masa pandemi COVID-19. Hasil survei lain tentang perlunya pendampingan adalah 96% orang tua menjawab perlu menyediakan buku panduan self-healing terkait masalah kesehatan mental (self-therapy).Implikasi - Penelitian ini berdampak pada mengetahui praktisi kesehatan mental dan psikiatri dapat mengembangkan buku pegangan pertolongan pertama untuk membantu orang tua dalam mengidentifikasi dan menangani kelelahan orang tua secara mandiri melalui terapi penyembuhan diri.Originalitas - Penelitian ini merupakan gambaran tentang perlunya bantuan yang dapat diberikan dan atau dikembangkan oleh peneliti selanjutnya khususnya dalam pengasuhan anak di bawah 18 tahun selama masa pandemi COVID-19.
REINTERPRETASI GERAKAN DAKWAH FRONT PEMBELA ISLAM (FPI)
Authors: Syaefudin Machfud
Published: March 2022

Front Pembela Islam (FPI) is an Islamic socio-religious organization group in Indonesia. The members’ preaching ways are considerably radical, and often has appalled many people, especially in implementing “amar ma’ruf nahi munkar”. These radical actions have caused some fear, even violated human rights for some members of the community. This study, then, presents the facts by looking further interactions and implications of FPI’s social movement in da’wah activities. Thus, the symbol and propaganda on “amar ma’ruf nahi munkar” are possibly reconsidered based on the social conditions of surrounding communities. Taking an action as a law enforcer of values, norms, and social order in the community means neglecting the responsibility of the government.***Front Pembela Islam  (FPI) adalah sebuah kelompok organisasi sosial keagamaan Islam di Indonesia. Cara berdakwah  para anggota FPI yang  radikal,  sering  menimbulkan terkejut banyak orang, terutama dalam menerapkan "amar ma'ruf nahi munkar". Tindakan radikal yang dilakukan oleh FPI telah menyebabkan  rasa takut, bahkan melanggar hak asasi manusia  (HAM)  untuk beberapa anggota masyarakat. Dengan demikian penelitian ini  menyajikan beberapa fakta dengan memperhatikan  interaksi lebih lanjut dan implikasi dari gerakan sosial FPI dalam kegiatan dakwah. Dengan demikian, simbol dan propaganda tentang "amar ma'ruf nahi munkar" perlu  dipertimbangkan berdasarkan kondisi sosial masyarakat sekitar. Mengambil tindakan sebagai penegak hukum, nilai-nilai, norma-norma dan tatanan sosial di masyarakat berarti mengabaikan tanggung jawab pemerintah.
KONSEP SENI QASIDAH BURDAH IMAM AL BUSHIRI SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF MENUMBUHKAN KESEHATAN MENTAL
Authors: Nihaya Ulin
Published: March 2022

Healing various diseases that affect unhealthy mental does not only need medical solutions but also non-medical ones including some aspects of religiosity like praying, guiding dzikr, and expressing Qasida Burdah. Qasidah Burdah is a qasida song that contains lyric of Shalawat addressed to the Prophet Muhammad. It is one of the alternatives to develop mental health of a Muslim. It is not only a kind of poem created by Imam Al-Bushiri as such, but also becomes a guide, because the elements within the poem are in accordance with the Qur'an and the Sunnah.***Berbagai penyakit yang berdampak pada ketidak sehatan mental, dibutuhkan solusi bukan hanya dalam medis, akan tetapi dalam non medis dalam segi religusitas seperti beribadah, bimbingan dzikir, malantunkan qasidah burdah. Qasidah burdah merupakan merupakan qasidah (lagu-lagu) yang berisi syair tentang pujian/shalawat kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW. Qasidah burdah sebagai salah satu alternative dalam menumbuhkan kesehatan mental seorang muslim. Qasidah burdah bukan hanya sekedar lantunan puisi yang diciptakan oleh Imam Al-bushiri, akan tetapi merupakan tuntunan, karena unsur-unsur yang ada pada syair burdah sesuai dengan tuntunan Al-qur’an dan sunah.
PENGEMBANGAN EKONOMI ISLAM BERBASIS KEPENDUDUKAN DI PERDESAAN
Authors: Kusmanto Thohir Yuli
Published: March 2022

Nowadays, Islamic economy is growing and developing considerably in Indonesia. It is considered as a better alternative of the earlier economic systems which are traditional (communal) and capitalist economy. These two economic systems did not quite give way to get a prosperous life for Indonesian people. The existing Islamic economics hopefully might answer this problem. So, organizing Islamic economic system as a discourse and praxis must be developed in the community’s life. The growth and development of Islamic economic institutions were initially an urban phenomenon. However, lately it has been gone through rural areas. The efforts to develop the role and contribution of Islamic economic institutions in rural areas, can take advantage of the conditions of rural population. Understanding the composition of the population might help to establish economic institutions, to distribute funds and to develop various forms of business.***Ekonomi Islam tumbuh dan berkembang di Indonesia, sebagai alternatif dari sistem ekonomi yang terlebih dahulu ada yaitu ekonomi tradisional (komunal) dan kapitalis. Kedua sistem ekonomi yang ada tidak cukup mampu memberikan jalan menuju kehidupan sejahtera bagi masyarakat Indonesia. Hadirnya ekonomi Islam, tentu harus mampu menjawab persoalan tersebut. Pelembagaan dan pengorganisasian sistem ekonomi Islam baik sebagai wacana dan praksis harus berlangsung dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan lembaga ekonomi Islam, pada awalnya merupakan fenomena perkotaan. Namun akhir-akhir ini telah merambah pedesaan. Upaya pengembangan peran dan kontribusi lembaga ekonomi Islam di perdesaan, bisa memanfaatkan kondisi kependudukan di perdesaan. Pemahaman komposisi penduduk akan membantu dalam mendirikan lembaga ekonomi, mendistribusikan dana dan mengembangkan berbagai bentuk usaha.
SURAT SEBAGAI MEDIA DAKWAH: Studi Atas Praktek Dakwah Rasulullah saw terhadap Raja Heraclius, Kisra Abrawaiz, Muqouqis, dan Najasyi
Authors: Rachman Santoso Bobby , Baroroh Umul , Dadang Abdullah Asep
Published: March 2022

It was proven that the letter format of the Prophet delivered to the kings during his da’wah was astounding. His letters being written by Zaid bin Thabit were always preceded by Basmalah word, whereas the letters were sent to unbelievers. This study is a kind of descriptive qualitative research that used a historical approach. The result shows that there were some reasons behind the Prophet messages as a medium of da’wah to the kings: a) it was a result of the Hudaybiya Peace Treaty and the success of the Prophet on establishing Muslims force in Medina. It was influenced by the conflict between King Heraclius and King Kisra Abrawaiz. b) the Prophet’s letters were likely to show that the Prophet Muhammad was the Medina leader. c) it was triggered by the universality of Muhammad prophet-hood as a leader of mankind, as well as the crisis of confidence experienced by Najasyi and Muqouqis.***Format surat dakwah Rasulullah saw yang dikirimkan kepada para raja sangatlah menkajubkan. Surat-surat Rasulullah saw yang ditulis oleh sekretarisnya yakni Zaid bin Tsabit selalu didahului kalimat Basmalah, padahal surat-surat itu akan dikirimkan kepada orang-orang kafir. Jenis penelitian ini kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan historis, sedangkan spesifikasi penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu ada beberapa latar belakang pengiriman surat sebagai media dakwah:  a) akibat Perjanjian Perdamaian Hudaibiyah, keberhasilan Rasulullah saw membentuk kekuatan umat muslim di Madinah,  dan konflik yang terjadi antara Raja Heraclius dan Kisra Abrawaiz. b) surat Rasulullah saw. yang bernuansa politik ingin menunjukkan bahwa beliau adalah pemimpin Madinah. c) universalitas kenabian Muhammad saw sebagai pemimpin umat manusia, serta krisis kepercayaan yang dialami Najasyi dan Muqouqis
Dakwah digital sebagai sarana peningkatan pemahaman moderasi beragama dikalangan pemuda
Authors: Rumata Fathurrrahman 'Arif , Iqbal Muh. , Asman Asman
Published: March 2022

Digital da'wah was chosen to be one of the solutions in increasing understanding of religious moderation, giving a new color in world da'wah. Its effectiveness and easy access are the reasons for the existence of da'wah through digital. but behind the conveniences offered there are difficulties and challenges that must be faced. Lack of wisdom in the use of technology often has a serious impact on users. For example, the emergence within among others to the decline in awareness of moderation in religion. This paper wants to examine how big the impact of digital da'wah is in increasing the understanding of moderation in religion among youth, as well as how the etiquette is in digital da'wah. This research data is sourced from digital literature such as online news, journals, websites, online documents. The collected data is then reduced and constructed into a whole and fresh new concept. Data analysis was carried out using content analysis with intertextuality and meaning of creativity. The results of the study show that generational familiarity with social media opens up great opportunities for severe preachers, especially from the youth in spreading da'wah content digitally. This is very supportive in conveying the importance of religious moderation in order to prevent conflicts that arise in the life of a heterogeneous society.***Dakwah digital dipilih menjadi salah satu solusi dalam meningkatkan pemahaman moderasi beragama telah memberikan warna baru dalam dunia dakwah. Efektivitas dan mudahnya akses menjadi alasan eksistensi dakwah melalui digital. namun dibalik kemudahan-kemudahan yang ditawarkan ternyata terdapat kesulitan-kesulitan dan tantangan yang harus dihadapi. Kurang bijaknya dalam penggunaan teknologi kerapkali menimbulkan dampak serius bagi para user. Misalnya, timbulnya intoleran antar sesama sampai turunnya kesadaran akan moderasi dalam beragama. Tulisan ini ingin menguji seberapa besar dampak dakwah digital dalam meningkatkan pemahaman moderasi dalam beragama di kalangan pemuda, serta bagaimana adab-adab dalam berdakwah digital. Data penelitian ini bersumber dari literatur digital seperti, berita online, jurnal, website, maupun dokumen-dokumen online. Data-data yang terkumpul, kemudian direduksi dan di konstruksi menjadi konsep baru yang utuh dan fresh. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis isi yang mengedepankan intertextualities dan meaning creativity. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Keakraban generasi mudah dengan media sosial membuka peluang yang besar bagi parah pendakwah khususnya dari kalangan pemudah dalam menyebarkan konten dakwah secara digital. Hal ini sangat mendukung dalam penyampaian tentang pentingnya moderasi beragama guna mencegah konflik yang muncul dalam kehidupan masyarakat yang heterogen.
Super-resolution of sea surface temperature with convolutional neural network- and generative adversarial network-based methods
Authors: Izumi Tomoki , Amagasaki Motoki , Ishida Kei , Kiyama Masato
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we perform the super-resolution of sea surface temperature data with the enhanced super-resolution generative adversarial network (ESRGAN), which is a deep neural network-based single-image super-resolution (SISR) method that uses a generative adversarial network (GAN). We generate high-quality super-resolution data with ESRGAN and with the super-resolution convolutional neural network (SRCNN) and residual-in-residual dense block network (RRDBNet) methods, which are based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The images generated with these methods are compared with high-resolution optimum interpolation sea surface temperature (OISST) data using root mean square error (RMSE), learned perceptual image patch similarity (LPIPS), and perceptual index (PI) evaluation methods. RRDBNet has a better RMSE than SRCNN and ESRGAN. However, CNN-based SISR methods do not provide a faithful representation of the ocean currents of OISST. ESRGAN has a better LPIPS and PI than CNN-based methods and can represent the complex distribution of ocean currents.
Synthesis of Substituted Pyrazoles from Aryl-sydnones
Authors: Pujol Maria Dolors , Oumessaoud Asmaa , Akhramez Soufiane , Bouali Jamila , Yassine Hasna , Hamri Salha , Ouchetto Hajiba , Hafid Abderrafia , Khouili Mostafa
Published: March 2022

Background:

In this current work, a new synthesis strategy was developed
to obtain 1,3,4-trisubstituted pyrazoles derivatives.

Methods:

A series of 1,3,4-trisubstituted pyrazoles have been prepared via 1,3-dipolar
cycloaddition reaction of 3-phenylsydnones with a variety of alkenes derivatives, symmetric
and non-symmetric alkynes derivatives, N-phenyl-maleimide, N-benzylmaleimides,
and maleic anhydride under conventional manner.

Results:

Moreover, in this work, it has been demonstrated that the 4-bromopyrazole intermediates
can be further functionalized by a combination of Suzuki-Miyaura crosscoupling
reactions with aryl-boronic acids and N-arylation reactions of anilines.

Conclusion:

In summary, we have developed a new method to obtain 1,3,4 triarylated pyrazoles
through 3-phenylsydnone 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions. By comparing the different
reactions, it is apparent that high temperatures and xylene as solvent are key to achieving
pyrazoles derivatives. The best yields were observed for symmetric and non-symmetric
alkynes as dipolarophiles.
Marine Benzophenones and Xanthones: Isolation, Synthesis, and Biosynthesis
Authors: Liu Bing , Chen Ning , Zhang Weiyang , Wu Yi , Tang Zhijuan , Wang Zhenni , Ji Yubin
Published: March 2022

Marine microorganisms are an important source of active natural products and drugs,
which have become a research hotspot in recent decades. Due to the special marine ecological environment,
the metabolic pathways of marine organisms have certain characteristics, and their metabolites
are novel in structures and unique in activities. Xanthones and benzophenones are widely distributed
in nature, and most of them are found in fungi and higher plants. They are described as
"dominant structures" in the field of modern medicine because of their obvious pharmacological activities,
including antibacterial and antifungal activities. This paper reviews the research progress of
isolated microbial xanthone and benzophenone compounds from marine sources at home and abroad
in recent years, including their chemical synthesis and biosynthesis, which lays a foundation for future
utilization and development.
Chemical Constituents Based Approach for the Management of Diabetes
Authors: Rani Nidhi , Sharma Prerna , Gangwar Aishwarya , Dahiya Randhir Singh , Verma Nitin
Published: March 2022

A number of complexities in compliance to long- term diabetes have been elicited. It has become a global concern withoutany convincing medicinal, therapeutical methodology.Both hyperglycaemia and oxidative pressure are major notable parts that playsignificant role in the initialization of diabetic inconvenience. Natural medications have gained a lot of attention in recent years as expected restorative specialists in the prevention and treatment of diabetic complications due to their many objectives and less poisonous outcomes. This survey means to evaluate theaccessible information on therapeutic spices for constrictionand the executives of diabetic complications.This study showed that: a an optimistic approach for new medication terminology to treat diabetic confusion is screening compound competitors from homegrown medication; and investigation of activity of different plant extracts as well as their potency profile and to determine their job in the treatment of diabetic inconveniences must be there; and in addition, an ideal rat model which imitates human diabetic complications ought to be created.

Material and techniques:

Bibliographic investigation was accomplished by checking old-style course books and papers, directing overall bases of logical information (SCOPUS, PUBMED, SCIELO, Google Scholar, NISCAIR,) to recapture accessible distributed writing.
For the assessment of plants with potential in calming diabetic complications, several inclusion models rely on the numerous medicinal spices as well as their crucial mixes.Furthermore, several models, including plants, have been considered, each of which has a suitable impact on increasing oxidative pressure in diabetes.

Results:

Different therapeutic plants/plant withdrawals containing alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, saponins, and phytosterol type synthetic constituents were uncovered that areprofitable in the administration of diabetic complexities. Results may be attributed to the improvement of oxidative pressure, constant hyperglycemia, and twitch of different metabolic pathways related to the pathogenesis of diabetic confusions.

Conclusion:

An optimistic approach for new medication terminology to treat diabetic confusion is screening compound competitors from homegrown medication. Investigation of activity of different plant extracts as well as their potency profile and to determine their job in the treatment of diabetic inconveniences must be there. In addition, an ideal rat model which imitates human diabetic complications ought to be created.
Quadricuspid Pulmonary Valve: Case Report and the Comparison with
Quadricuspid Aortic Valve
Authors: Miyake Toshiharu , Inoue, Tomohiro , Mushiake Sotaro
Published: March 2022

Background:

Quadricuspid pulmonary valve (QPV) is a rare congenital anomaly. Simple
QPV had been mainly diagnosed at the time of autopsy before 2000, and the frequency rates of
QPV are approximately 0.02%–0.41%. QPV was initially diagnosed using transthoracic echocardiography
(TTE) after 2000 and with contrast computed tomography (CT) or cardiac magnetic resonance
imaging (CMR) after 2009. Obtaining the cross-sectional view of the pulmonary valve using
TTE is difficult. We aimed to review the papers regarding the incidence, embryology, diagnosis,
associated congenital heart anomalies, and prognosis in patients with QPV, and furthermore to
compare with those in patients with quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV).

Case Presentation:

We diagnosed QPV with mild stenosis in a 12-month-old infant. With a slight
angulation of the transducer superiorly from the left high parasternal short-axis view, a short-axis
view of QPV was obtained.

Results:

In QPV cases diagnosed at autopsy, Hurwitz’s type-b with three equal cusps and one
smaller cusp is dominant, whereas Hurwitz’s type-a with four equal cusps is dominant in clinically
diagnosed cases. Congenital heart anomaly and valvular stenosis are more frequent in patients with
QPV than in patients with QAV. Coronary artery anomalies and infectious endocarditis are more
frequent in patients with QAV than in patients with QPV. The incidence of PR is more common in
type-a QPV than in type-b QPV. There is no difference between type-a QAV and type-b QAV with
respect to the incidence of aortic regurgitation (AR). It is assumed that QPV is a risk factor for a
Ross operation. However, QPVs have been used as autografts in certain patients.

Conclusion:

Between QPV and QAV, various differences were found in frequency rates, diagnostic
methods, valve morphology, valve function, associated congenital heart diseases, and frequencies
of infectious endocarditis.
1-[4-(2-Dimethylaminoethoxy)phenylcarbonyl]-3,5-Bis(3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzylidene)-
4-Piperidone Hydrochloride and Related Compounds: Potent
Cytotoxins Demonstrate Greater Toxicity to Neoplasms than Non-
Malignant Cells
Authors: Roayapalley Praveen K. , Dimmock Jonathan R. , Sakagami Hiroshi , Okudaira Noriyki , Sharma Rajendra K. , Das Umashankar
Published: March 2022

Background:

The incidence of cancer has been increasing worldwide. Unfortunately, the drugs used in cancer chemotherapy are toxic to both neoplasms and normal tissues, while many available medications have low potencies. Conjugated α,β-unsaturated ketones differ structurally from contemporary anticancer medications, and some of which have

Objectives:

To design and synthesize highly potent cytotoxins with far greater toxicity to neoplasms than to non-malignant cells.

Methods:

A series of N-acyl-3,5-bis(benzylidene)-4-piperidone hydrochlorides 4a-n were prepared and evaluated against Ca9-22, HSC-2, HSC-3, and HSC-4 squamous cell carcinomas as well as aginst HGF, HPLF, and HPC non-malignant cells. QSAR and western blot analyses were performed.

Results:

The majority of compounds display submicromolar CC50 values towards the neoplasms; the figures for some of the compounds are below 10-7 M. In general, 4a-n have much lower CC50 values than those of melphalan, 5-fluorouracil, and methotrexate, while some compounds are equitoxic with doxorubicin. The compounds are far less toxic to the non-malignant cells, giving rise to substantial selectivity index (SI) figures. A QSAR study revealed that both potency and the SI data were controlled to a large extent by the electronic properties of the substituents in the arylidene aryl rings. Two representative compounds 4f and 4g caused apoptosis in HSC-2 cells.

Conclusion:

The compounds in series 4 are potent cytotoxins displaying tumor-selective toxicity. In particular, 4g with an average CC50 value of 0.04 µM towards four malignant cell lines and a selectivity index of 46.3 is clearly a lead molecule that should be further evaluated.
Novel Biomarkers of microRNAs in Gastric Cancer: An Overview from
Diagnosis to Treatment
Authors: Mirzajani Ebrahim , Vahidi Sogand , Norollahi Seyedeh Elham , Samadani Ali Akbar
Published: March 2022

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most frequent disease in the world and the second cause of cancer-related death. In this way, over 80% of diagnoses are made in the middle to advanced de-grees of the disease, underscoring the requirement for innovative biomarkers that can be identified quickly. Meaningly, biomarkers that can complement endoscopic diagnosis and be used to detect patients with a high risk of GC are desperately needed. These biomarkers will allow for the accurate prediction of therapy response and prognosis in GC patients, as well as the development of an opti-mal treatment strategy for each individual. Conspicuously, microRNAs (miRNAs) and small non-coding RNA regulate the expression of target mRNA, thereby modifying critical biological mecha-nisms. According to the data, abnormally miRNAs expression in GC is linked to tumor growth, car-cinogenesis, aggression, and distant metastasis. Importantly, miRNA expression patterns and next-generation sequencing (NGS) can also be applied to analyze different kinds of tissues and cancers. Given the high death rates and poor prognosis of GC, and the absence of a clinical diagnostic factor that is adequately sensitive to GC, research on novel sensitive and specific markers for GC diagno-sis is critical. In this review, we examine the latest research findings that suggest the feasibility and clinical utility of miRNAs in GC.
EMERGING ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE FROM THE BENEFITS AND DRAWBACKS OF FACEBOOK MESSENGER GROUP CHAT TREND IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS
Authors:   Philippine Normal University, Philippines, Salazar Catherine Aragon
Published: March 2022

The new normal in education leads to new normal practices among teachers in public schools to carry out the Department of Education Basic Education Learning Continuity Plan (BE- LCP), leading to the Facebook Messenger group chat trend in public schools. This study explores the benefits and drawbacks of this communication application as experienced by public-school teachers and aimed at understanding patterns of emerging organizational culture due to the utilization of Facebook Messenger group chats. The study utilized the phenomenological research design. Data were gathered through semi-structured one-on-one interviews and focus group discussions with randomly selected public-school teachers, and results were interpreted through thematic analysis. The study found out that the Facebook Messenger group chat trend is beneficial in convenience, accessibility, and learning delivery while its drawbacks are work-life balance, emotional-psychological, and technical. Open communication, sensitive communication, netiquette in social behavior, and technological reliance were the patterns of organizational culture emerging from using Facebook Messenger group chats. Assessment on the appropriateness of its use depending on the purpose and further innovation on its features that may fit well for its use in education and work purposes were recommended to manage its drawbacks and optimize its use in the new normal education delivery.
LEADERSHIP STYLES ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE WITH WORK SATISFACTION AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AS INTERVENING VARIABLES
Authors:   Master of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia, Alamanda Sandya , Setiawan Margono ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia, Irawanto Dodi W. ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia
Published: March 2022

This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of leadership style on employee performance with job satisfaction and organizational commitment as an intervening variable at PT. PLN (Persero) North Surabaya Area. This research was conducted using a questionnaire to 120 employees of PT. PLN (Persero) Area North Surabaya. Then the data is analyzed by using Partial Least Square (PLS). This study examines the direct and indirect effects. The result of this study states that leadership style can provide the effect of improving employee job satisfaction. Leadership style can affect increasing organizational commitment. Leadership style can give influence in improving employee performance. Job satisfaction cannot have an effect on improving employee performance. Organizational commitment can affect improving employee performance. Leadership style cannot give indirect influence in improving employee performance through job satisfaction. Leadership style can have an indirect influence on improving employee performance through organizational commitment.
ENTREPRENEURIAL BRICOLAGE AND IMPROVING THE CAPABILITY OF WOMEN WEAVING ENTREPRENEURS
Authors:   Faculty of Economics, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Indonesia, Purnamawati I Gusti Ayu , Yuniarta Gede Adi ,   Faculty of Economics, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Indonesia, Puah Chin-Hong ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia
Published: March 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has put a lot of pressure on the women-run weaving industry, one of which is a decline in demand and the loss of opportunities for women to support the economic life of their families amid global efforts to improve gender equality and women's welfare. This research is expected to solve the inequality problem, especially for women, supporting economic growth and achieving prosperity. Efforts to empower women are expected to increase innovation and productivity amidst scarce resources. The research objective is to analyze the role of women in achieving business productivity and subjective welfare through strengthening the position of bricolage. In addition, material flexibility in managing resource constraints and highlighting the development of a company-specific social resource environment by exploring bricolage from an institutional aspect. The sample in this study were 112 women who own the weaving handicraft business in Bali Province, which were obtained using a saturated sampling method. Research data collection using observation and interview. Data were analyzed using a structural equation model, namely Partial Least Square. The study results reveal a strong influence of bricolage for women's empowerment on improving business performance. Other dimensions that affect subjective welfare are empowerment, entrepreneurial orientation, bricolage, business networks, and business performance. Weaving business players strive for innovation as the primary key factor in surviving in a dynamic environment and changing technology. Further research can use the government's role and technology implementation variables to improve weaving artisans' welfare.
ANALYZING MEDIATION EFFECT OF COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE ON FIRM PERFORMANCE AS MEASURED BY TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Universitas Muslim Indonesia  Makassar, Indonesia, Ramlawati Ramlawati , Murniati Sitti ,   STIE Wira Bhakti Makassar, Indonesia, Haditomo Alfabetian Harjuno Condro ,   Hokkaido University Japan, Japan, Mambuhu Nurmawati ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Luwuk Banggai, Indonesia, Indriakati Andi Jenni ,   Universitas Lamappapoleonro Soppeng, Indonesia, Fitriana Fitriana ,   Universitas Fajar Makassar, Indonesia
Published: March 2022

The objective of this research is to examine 4 (four) variables, respectively total quality management, supply chain management, competitive advantage, and firm performance. The research type is quantitative. Statistic data were analyzed using SmartPLS version 3.0. The subject of research was book writers at Optima Publikasi Literasi Makassar. The research was done in Optima Publikasi Literasi Makassar, which published and printed books. The research population comprised of book writers at Optima Publikasi Literasi Makassar, which as of November 2020 was counted for 334. Slovin Equation was used on the population, which produced 77 respondents as a research sample. Primary data were collected through a questionnaire. The results showed that better total quality management has an optimization effect on competitive advantage. Better supply chain management delivers a high competitive advantage. Better total quality management has an optimization effect on firm performance. Better supply chain management optimizes firm performance. High competitive advantage has optimization effect on firm performance by improving innovative capacity and increasing competitiveness. Better total quality management optimizes firm performance through competitive advantage by improving firm aspects relating to quality control and competitiveness. Better supply chain management optimizes firm performance through high competitive advantage. Better total quality management has implications for increasing the competitiveness and performance of the company.
THE INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOR OF SECOND-GENERATION LEADERS: THE CASE OF FAMILY BUSINESS
Authors:   Magister Manajemen, Universitas Ciputra, Surabaya, Indonesia, Kurniawan Daniel , Tambunan Damelina  Basauli ,   Magister Manajemen, Universitas Ciputra, Surabaya, Indonesia
Published: March 2022

Innovation has been proven to be one of the main keys to reaching sustainability. This study aims to analyze the impact of creative self-efficacy and organizational climate for innovation on innovative work behavior in the family business setting to enrich the studies of innovation in the family business. This study also tests the indirect effect of Entrepreneurial Leadership in increasing the impact of creative self-efficacy on innovative work behavior. This study uses the quantitative method by delivering questionnaires to more than 400 family firms in Surabaya. This study indicated that creative self-efficacy and organizational climate for information positively and significantly impact innovative work behavior. However, the impact of creative self-efficacy on innovative work behavior is stronger than the organizational climate for innovation. This study also proves the impact of creative self-efficacy on innovative work behavior will increase by enhancing entrepreneurial leadership. The implications of this study also are discussed both academically and practically.
IMPLEMENTATION OF COMPENSATION POLICY AND STRENGTHENING EMPLOYEE COMPETENCY TOWARDS OPTIMIZATION OF EMPLOYEE JOB SATISFACTION
Authors:   Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Indonesia Makassar, Indonesia, Maryani Maryani , Nurhadi Nurhadi ,   Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Indonesia Makassar, Indonesia, Ayob Noorseha ,   Universiti Tun Abdul Razak, Malaysia
Published: March 2022

The relationship of the variables in a study is the influence or relationship of these variables. This study aims to determine the effect of compensation and competence on job satisfaction, compensation on job satisfaction, and competence on job satisfaction. The independent variables are compensation and competence. The dependent variable is job satisfaction. The research was carried out at the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) Office of Makassar City, South Sulawesi, for approximately 2 (two) months, from May to July 2021. The population of this study was all employees who worked at the BPS Office, which was calculated for 82 people. The sampling technique was total sampling which involved all BPS employees. The type of data is primary data collected through a questionnaire. The results obtained that compensation and competence positively affect job satisfaction, compensation has a significant effect on job satisfaction, and competence has a positive but not significant effect on job satisfaction. Compensation and work competence at the Central Bureau of Statistics affects employee job satisfaction. That shows that compensation and competence are essential in employee job satisfaction. High job satisfaction can result in the company's performance going well.