bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence of extended spectrum Beta-Lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae among patients with urinary tract infections in Kano Metropolis Nigeria
Authors: Mohammed A. , Magashi A.M , Yushau M.
Published: July 2020

Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBLs) production is one of the ways by which bacteria become resistant to antibiotics and pathogens of UTIs such as Klebsiella pneumoniae have been incriminated at global scale. This study was conducted to investigate the incidence of Extended Spectrum Beta lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae from Urinary Tract Infections in Kano metropolis. The work involved One hundred and fourty seven K. Pneumoniae isolates obtained from patients with suspected urinary tract infections were studied from January to July 2017. The identity of the isolates was confirmed using MicrogenTMGnA + B-ID System. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out using the Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion Technique. Screening for ESBLs production was done using Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute breakpoint. Suspected ESBLs producers were subjected to confirmation using Double Disc Synergy Test. Standard Discs of Augmentin (AMC 30µG Oxoid England), Ceftazidime (CAZ 30µG, Oxoid England) and Cefotaxime (CTX 30µG, Oxoid England) were used for the screening and confirmation. Accordingly, Multidrug Resistant K. pneumoniae were found to be 63.3% and all were ESBLs producers. The Double Disc Synergy Test however confirmed 6.8% ESBLs producing K. pneumoniae. Antimicrobial sensitivity of the ESBLs producing organisms showed 100% resistance to Augmentin, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefotaxime while resistance to gentamicin was 91.5%, chloramphenicol 23.4%, Nitrofurantoin 61.7%, Ciprofloxacin 93.6% and cotrimoxazole 95.7%. However, Imipenem was the most pharmacologically active drug. ESBL producing K. pneumoniae are incident in Kano and are resistant to commonly prescribed antibiotics. We, therefore, suggest screening and confirmation for ESBL in any attempt to treat UTIs due to such pathogens

Keywords: Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases, K. pneumoniae, Urinary Tract Infection, Incidence, Kano
Physico-chemical properties of tannery effluents from Challawa industrial area in Kano and evaluation of bioremediation potentials of Spirogyra porticalis and Chlorella vulgaris on the effluents
Authors: Nabila T.I. , Ibrahim S.
Published: July 2020

Discharge of industrial effluent in aquatic environment is a serious threat to life due to toxic heavy metals. Algae can be used as cheap bioremediation agents in comparison to conventional technologies. The present study was conducted to evaluate the bioremediation potential of two algal species (Spirogyra porticalis and Chlorella vulgaris) for the removal of Lead from two tannery industries (M Tannery and G Tannery), located in Challawa Industrial Area. Temperature, EC, TDS, DO and BOD were measured. In G Tannery, Spirogyra porticalis had the highest affinity for Lead which was 51%, 55% and 51% at 3, 6 and 9 weeks interval respectively while Chlorella vulgaris affinity for Lead was 40% 45% and 45%. In M tannery, Chlorella vulgaris had the highest potential to remove Lead from the effluent, which was 90%, 86% an 90% while Spirogyra porticalis affinity for Lead was 10%, 41% and 10%. Temperature ranged from 30-31˚C which might be as a result of ambient temperature. The pH of both tannery effluents did not differ significantly (p=<0.5) and it was not within the maximum permissible limit of 6.5-8.5. EC of M Tannery was a little higher than that of G Tannery (8.417±0.26, 6.920±0.050) which were below the permissible limit. TDS of M tannery was higher than that of G Tannery 1919.0±68.46mg/L, 1916.0±61.94mg/l which were not within the permissible limit. DO content were within the permissible limits of 6.4mg/L. BOD of both effluent samples were below the permissible limit of 4mg/L. This research shows that both species are suitable for bioremediation and are also tannery specific.

Keywords: Bioremediation, Effluent, Tannery, Spirogyra porticalis, Chlorella vulgaris
Normal tissue tolerance dose for cervical radiotherapy to the NTCP model using a method of least square fit
Authors: Onuh E. , Ajuji A.S. , Rabiu N. , Anas M.S. , Jada M.
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of Normal Tissue Complication Probability (NTCP) models on radiation treatment plans. We estimated NTCP parameters for the organs at risk (OARs) for cervical cancer radiotherapy. We pooled individual patient data from fifty patients who were treated with External Beam Radiotherapy technique between March 2012 and November 2013 in a part of Northern Nigeria with the exclusion of patients who had other gynaecological malignancies. Three basic methods were followed during the radiotherapy planning of these patients which included the pre-planning stage, planning radiotherapy treatment stage and treatment delivery. Various tests were carried out on these patients which helped to confirm the diagnosis after which they were treated using the linear accelerator, computed tomography simulator and the treatment planning system. We calculated the normal tissue tolerance doses for partial volumes of the organs using the values of the above –said parameters for published data on normal tissue tolerance doses. This article shows a graphical representation of the computed NTCP for left femur, right femur and skin presented and a fairly good correspondence is found between the curves for head of femurs and skin.

Keywords: Normal Tissue Tolerance Dose, Normal Tissue Complication Probability, Method of Least Square Fit, Cervical Radiotherapy
Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial studies of Mn(II) complexes of acetylthiophene and acetyl furan Schiff base derivatives
Authors: Isyaku S. , Aliyu H.N. , Ozoro E.C. , Abubakar T.
Published: July 2020

Manganese(II) complexes of Schiff bases; 2-acetylthiophene-4‑phenylthiosemi-carbazone (AT-PTSC) and 2-furylmethylketone-4-phenylthiosemi-carbazone  (AF‑PTSC) derived from condensation of 2-acetylthiophene and 2-furylmethylketone (2-acetylfuran) each with 4-phenylthiosemicarbazide in (1:1 molar ratio) ethanol, have been synthesized. The Schiff bases and the Mn(II) complexes were characterized on the basis of melting point/decomposition temperature, solubility, magnetic susceptibility, infrared spectra, molar conductance measurements,  elemental and gravimetric  analyses. The Mn(II) complexes show moderate values of decomposition temperatures. The Schiff bases and the complexes were soluble in some common organic solvents. Infrared spectral data of the Schiff bases and their complexes, indicate coordination of the Schiff bases to the metal(II) ion via azomethine nitrogen. The effective magnetic moment of the Mn(II) complexes suggested an octahedral geometry. The molar conductance values of the complexes show that the complexes are electrolytes. The results of the elemental analysis of the ligands and their complexes are in good agreement with the calculated values, suggesting a 1:2 (metal-ligand) ratio. Antimicrobial screenings of the ligands and their complexes were conducted against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus,) and two gram-negative (Salmonella typhi, and Escherichia coli) bacteria specie. Also three fungi mainly (Candida albicans, Mucus indicus and Aspergillus flavus) were tested. The results showed that both the ligands and the complexes are active against the bacteria and the fungi specie.

Keywords: Ligand, Schiff base, 4-phenylthiosemicarbazide, 2-acetylthiophene, 2-acetylfuran molar conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, elemental analysis.
Antibacterial activity of local honey against Carbapenem Resistant enterobacteriaceae isolated from infected wounds
Authors: Aminu B.M. , Khadija M.L.
Published: July 2020

The increasing incidence of drug resistant organisms such as Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) has resulted in difficulties in the management of infected wound. Integration of traditional medicine such as honey and modern antibiotics could be useful in the treatment of such infections. This research work is therefore aimed at evaluating the antibacterial activity of local honey against CRE isolated from infected wounds. Four hundred wound swabs (surgical, burn, diabetic foot ulcer, osteomylitis, abscess and laceration wound swab) obtained from Murtala Muhammad Specialist hospital and Muhammad Abdullahi Wase hospital Kano were screen for the presence of CRE. The isolates were identified and confirmed using culture, biochemical and meropenem sensitivity test according to standard microbiological techniques. The antibacterial activity and MIC of the honey was evaluated using agar well diffusion and tube dilution method respectively. A total of 253 organisms of the family Enterobacteriaceae from 342 samples that yielded growth were identified. The isolates were Escherichia coli 54 (21.3%), Klebsiella species 92 (36.4%), Proteus species 36 (14.2%), Pseudomonas species 54 (21.3%) and Enterobacter species 17 (6.7%). The study revealed the incidence of CRE as 8.46%. The result of antibacterial activity of honey revealed activity at all concentration (12.5% to 100%) with the diameter of inhibition ranging from 10mm to 38 mm. The result also revealed that 81.8% isolated CRE were sensitive to the local honey with varied bacteriostatic activity. The MIC values of the honey were found in the range of 12.5- 50 %( V/V).The antibacterial activity of honey even at lower strength justify their efficacy in the treatment of wound infection. Honey can therefore serve as potential antimicrobial substance for control of wound infection caused by CRE.

Key words: Activity, Honey, Wound, CRE, Agar-well diffusion.
Heavy metals analysis and toxicity evaluation of some textile and dyeing effluents in Kano, Nigeria using Allium cepa bioassay
Authors: Abdullahi U.A. , Ibrahim S.
Published: July 2020

Insufficiencies in dyeing and textile processing coupled with incomplete sewage treatment system lead to indiscriminate discharge of large amount of dyestuff into water bodies mostly used for irrigation and fishing. These wastes are potentially mutagenic and some are even carcinogenic. In this research, cytotoxicity of three industrial effluents viz; African Textile Manufacturer (ATM), Kofar Naisa and Kofar Mata dyeing centres were evaluated using Allium cepa bioassay. The concentrations of some heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Zn, Fe, Cu, Co, Pb, Mn and Ni) were also determined. Three sets of small onion bulbs were cultivated in 25%, 50% 75% and 100% effluent concentrations (v/v) and a control for each site. Root tips from each bulb were harvested and processed for cytological studies using squashing technique. After 48hrs of exposure, cytotoxic effects of the effluents on root tips (compared to control) showed root growth retardation which was more apparent at higher concentrations. This indicated that, the root growth inhibition was concentration dependent. Number of dividing cells observed and the Mitotic Index (MI) were also concentration dependent. There were decrease in number of dividing cells and MI with increase in concentration of the treatment. The effective concentrations that caused 50% effect (EC50) was 95% for ATM and K/Naisa dyeing points while it was 100% in K/mata dyeing point. Diverse structural aberrations and abnormalities were observed ranging from chromosomal bridge, which was apparent even at low concentrations of the treatment to cytokinesis failure, Micronucleus (MN) and nuclear buds or vacuolated nuclei. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) showed no significant difference (P>0.05) in mean concentrations of Cr, Fe, Cu and Mn for K/Naisa and K/Mata dyeing centres, but there was statistical difference (P<0.05) for these parameters in ATM. Likewise, there was significant difference (P<0.05) in the root growth of A. cepa exposed to different concentrations of the effluent in ATM and K/Naisa sites but no statistical difference existed in root growth of A. cepa exposed to K/Mata effluents.

Keywords: Allium cepa, Bioassay, Effluents, Cytotoxicity, Mitotic Index
An overview of the enzyme: Amylase and its industrial potentials
Authors: Ahmad M.A. , Isah U. , Raubilu I.A. , Muhammad S.I. , Ibrahim D.
Published: July 2020

Amylases are group of enzymes produced by plants, animals and microorganisms, the enzyme has the ability to hydrolyze or degrade starch molecules into polymers containing units of glucose, thus, it is one of the most useful enzymes used by industries dependent on starch in their production processes. The enzyme has varying applications in food, fermentation, textile, pharmaceutical industries among others. Generally, amylase from microbial sources (i.e. fungal and bacterial origin) has over shadowed others in industrial usage. As such, this Paper aimed at reviewing amylase enzyme as a whole and some of its common industrial applications. The review visited the types of amylase based on hydrolases classification, its sources with emphasis to microorganisms, methods of production as well as effects of some chemical and physical parameters. The review also discusses some of the most common industrial application or uses of amylase enzyme in food, brewing, chemicals, paper, pharmaceutical, textile industries to mention but few. In conclusion, the reviewers suggest the use of microbial amylase due to it easy and simple technique in production, lower capital investment, lower energy requirement and high yield during production, exploration of more microbes with enzyme production potentials as well as improved industrial Scale production of the amylase for the betterment of the economy and improved industrial production of products.

Key: Amylase, Application, Enzyme, Industry, Microbes and Starch.
Bacterial contamination of Nigerian currency notes circulating within selected markets in Kaduna Metropolis
Authors: Musa F.M. , Orukotan A.A. , Hassan R.A. , Mohammed – Idris Z.K.
Published: July 2020

A study was carried out with the aim to assess the bacterial contamination of Nigerian currency notes circulating within selected markets in Kaduna Metropolis. A total of 80 samples of Nigerian currency notes of different denominations were randomly collected from Sabo, Kakuri, Kawo, Dattawa, U/rimi, Kasuwar Sati, Nassarawa, Chechenia, Kasuwar barci and Kasuwar Laraba markets in sterilized polythene bags  The mean bacterial counts of the different currency notes were determined using standard microbiological methods. The types of bacteria associated with the currency notes and their frequency of occurrence were also determined using standard methods. The result of the study showed that lower denomination currencies had  higher microbial loads, 22.65×104 ± 0.22×104 CFU/g for N100, 26.55×104 ± 0.45×104 CFU/g for N50, 20.95×104 ± 0.26×104 CFU/g for N20, 21.75×104 ± 0.35×104 CFU/g for N10 and 21.75×104  ± 0.12×104 CFU/g for N5 which were mostly obtained from Kakuri, Sabo, Nasarawa, and U/Rimi markets The species of bacteria isolated from the currencies were Staphylococcus aureus (52.2%), Escherichia coli (31.3%), Salmonella species (11.9%), and Proteus species (4.5%). Staphylococcus aureus was the most predominant bacteria isolated. This study revealed that currency notes collected from the markets within Kaduna Metropolis, were highly contaminated with different pathogenic bacteria thus, calls for public awareness on the potential risks associated with poor handling of currency notes at all levels.

Key words: Bacterial contamination, currency notes, selected markets, Kaduna Metropolis
Antibiotic susceptibility profile of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa from nipple of breastfeeding mothers attending postnatal care at General Hospital Katsina
Authors: Abdullahi S. , Rukayya K.I.
Published: July 2020

Several microorganisms may contaminate nipples of breastfeeding mothers and become potential to cause mastitis. The aim of this study is to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility profile of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa from nipples of breastfeeding mothers. Fourty (40) samples were collected using sterile one-use swab sticks from breast nipples of breast-feeding mothers at postnatal and immunization unit of General Hospital Katsina. The samples collected were inoculated on Nutrient agar and Mannitol salt agar by streak plate method. The cultured plates were then incubated for 24 hours at 37ºC after which the plates were observed for growth. Biochemical tests were carried out on the isolates to identify the bacteria. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was carried out for the bacterial isolates using Disc diffusion method. The zones of inhibition observed were measured in millimetres. All the Fourty samples collected were culture positive. Staphylococcus aureus 34 (85%) was the most prevalent bacterium associated with nipple contamination compared to Pseudomonas aeruginosa 6 (15%). Breast-feeding mothers of 18 to 25 years, (75%) have the highest number of contaminated nipples with the bacteria. The antibiotics with highest sensitivity to Staphylococcus aureus was ciprofloxacin, while the ones with the least sensitivity were gentamicin and streptomycin. Staphylococcus aureus was completely resistant to Ampiclox and Cefuroxine. Similarly, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin, while the organism has least sensitivity to amoxicillin. The antibiotics with the highest sensitivity to both organisms are ciprofloxacin, followed by Perfloxacin and amoxicillin.

Keywords: Breast nipple, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, antibiotic
Population dynamics of Mormyrus rume (Valenciennes, 1847; Osteoglossiformes; Mormyridae) Of Ikere-Gorge, Iseyin, Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Ajagbe Stephen O. , Ojo-fakuade Folashade. F.
Published: July 2020

The structure of a fish population is determined by the equilibrium between growth, recruitment and total mortality. But, there is paucity of information on the growth and mortality of Mormyrus rume in Nigeria. Therefore this study is needful to determine its population parameters, with a view of evolving management strategies for its sustainable exploitation. Estimates of population parameters of Mormyrus rume were obtained from length-frequency data of 836 individuals collected monthly for a period of 24 months from January 2017 to December 2018. The estimated growth parameters were: asymptotic length (L∞) was 100.8cm; growth coefficient (K) was 0.62/year; growth performance (Ɵ) was 3.8; length at maturity (Lm) was 52.57cm; reproductive load (Lm/L∞) was 0.52 and optimum length (Lopt) was 65.10cm. Likewise, natural, fishing and total mortalities were 0.93, 1.46 and 2.39 respectively. The values of exploitation rate (0.61) and ratio of total mortality and growth coefficient (3.85) showed that Mormyrus rume is most exploited in Ikere-gorge. Therefore, appropriate fishing regulations should be enforced to regulate fishing gears and mesh size that will fish Mormyrus rume at sustainable level.

Keywords: Recruitment, mortality, growth, exploitation, length
Book Review: History of St. Paul Parish University of Calabar, Calabar 1973-2017
Authors: Umdh Prof. (Mrs). S. M.
Published: July 2020

Title: history of St. Paul Parish University of Calabar, Calabar 1973-2017

Authors: Barth N. Ekwueme, Stephen Uche, Maurice Ebong, Christopher Umoh and James Aboh

Address: University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria

Publisher: Unversity of Calabar press, Nigeria

Isbn: 978-978-968-078-8

Copyright: (c) 2017 by Catholic men’s organization (cmo) University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria

Cost: USD 10 (N 500)
Diversité et usages des plantes ligneuses des agrosystèmes périphériques de la ville de Maroua (Extrême-Nord, Cameroun)
Authors: Niwah Claudette Baye , Todou Gilbert , Souare Konsala , Abdoulaye Abassi , Bay Sakitai , Atem Efuet
Published: July 2020

Une étude a été menée en périphérie de Maroua (Extrême-Nord, Cameroun) dans le but de contribuer à une gestion durable des ressources végétale sahélienne. Cette étude a identifié et a calculé la diversité des plantes ligneuses des champs de case suivant un dispositif de 20 quadrats (50 m x 50 m) dans cinq localités. Elle a aussi déterminé les catégories d’usage et les organes récoltés de chaque plante utilisée. La Méthode Accélérée de Recherche Participative (MARP) a été reprise pour collecter les données ethnobotaniques auprès de 100 ménages. Les analyses des résultats obtenus ont montré que les champs de case comportent au total, 38 espèces (26 plantes locales) réparties dans 27 genres et 26 familles. Les familles les plus abondantes ont été Méliacées (32,26%) et Mimosacées (29,26%). Acacia nilotica, Acacia albida, Balanites aegyptiaca, Moringa oleifara, Sclerocarya birrea, Tamarindus indica et Ziziphus mauritiana sont les espèces locales les plus utilisées (au moins quatre catégories d’usages). Les résultats ont montré que les champs de case peuvent être des bons systèmes de valorisation et de conservation des plantes locales.Mots clés : Champs de case, plantes ligneuses, enquête ethnobotanique et socio-économique, valorisation, usage durable.

 

English Title: Diversity and uses of woody plants from peripheral agro-systems in the city of Maroua (Far North, Cameroon)A study was conducted around Maroua (Far North, Cameroon) with the aim of contributing to sustainable management of Sahelian plant resources. This study identified and calculated the diversity of woody plants in village fields using a system of 20 quadrats (50 mx 50 m) in five localities. It also determined the categories of use and the organs harvested from each plant used. The Accelerated Participatory Research Method (MARP) was used to collect ethnobotanical data from 100 households. Analyzes of the results obtained have shown that the village fields contain in total 38 species (26 native plants) in 27 genera and 26 families. The most abundant families were Meliaceae (32.26%) and Mimosaceae (29.26%). Acacia nilotica, Acacia albida, Balanites aegyptiaca, Moringa oleifara, Sclerocarya birrea, Tamarindus indica and Ziziphus mauritiana found to be the most commonly used local species (at least four categories of uses). The results showed that village field can be good systems for the recovery and conservation of native plants.Keywords: Village field, woody plants, ethnobotanical and socio-economic survey, valorization, sustainable use.
Oxydation à haute température de l’alliage Cu54Ni45Mn1 : analyse isotherme
Authors: Megnassan Sassou , Jondo Koffi
Published: July 2020

Dans la recherche de nouveaux matériaux possédant un meilleur comportement à l’oxydation haute température, les alliages cuivre-nickel sont de bons candidats grâce à leur résistance à l’oxydation. Cette étude est consacrée à la cinétique d’oxydation isotherme de l’alliage Cu54 Ni45 Mn1. Une étude de l’oxydation à haute température, de l’alliage Cu54Ni45Mn1 (constantan) dans l’oxygène a été réalisée. Les oxydations ont été réalisées par thermogravimétrie en mode isotherme, pour une gamme de températures comprises entre 650 °C et 900 °C et suivies à l'aide du microscope électronique à balayage (MEB) couplé à l’EDX. Les résultats obtenus montrent que la cinétique n’est pas essentiellement parabolique mais elle est composée d’une loi parabolique (α < 20%), suivie de deux lois linéaires pour 20% < α < 40% et α > 50%. La couche d’oxyde formée se divise en deux régions : une région externe constituée de CuO et une région interne formée de Cu2O, NiO et de MnO. L’interface entre les deux régions reflète la limite initiale de l’alliage, ce qui montre que l’oxydation est gouvernée par un mécanisme de diffusion. En perspective, une étude sur le rôle du manganèse dans la tenue à l’oxydation est envisagée ainsi que l’oxydation non isotherme de l’alliage.Mots clés : Alliages cuivre-nickel, constantan, oxydation, diffusion.

 

English Title: High temperature oxidation of the Cu54Ni45Mn1 alloy: isothermal analysis

the search for new materials with better oxidation behavior, copper-nickel alloys are good candidates because of their resistance to oxidation. This study is devoted to the kinetic of oxidation of the Cu54Ni45Mn1 alloy. A study of the oxidation of Cu54Ni45Mn1 (constantan) in oxygen at high temperature has been carried out. Oxidations studies performed by thermogravimetry in isothermal mode, for a range of temperatures between 650 °C and 900 °C and monitored using the scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled to the EDX. The results obtained show that the kinetics is not essentially parabolic but it is composed of a parabolic law (α < 20%), followed by two linear laws for 20% < α < 40% and α > 50%. The obtained oxide layer is divided into two regions: an outer region consisting of CuO and an inner region formed of Cu2O, NiO and MnO. The interface between the two regions reflects the initial limit of the alloy, which shows that the oxidation is governed by a diffusion mechanism. In perspective, a study on the role of manganese in the oxidation is envisaged as well as the non-isothermal oxidation of the alloy.Keywords: Copper-nickel alloys, constantan, oxidation, diffusion.
Prévalence du Banana Bunchy Top Disease (BBTD) dans la zone de Ntoum au Gabon
Authors: Ondh-Obame Jean Alban , Ndong Auguste Ndoutoume , Ndoutoumou Pamphile Nguema , Assembe Priscilla Chancia Mindze , Minko Ignace Davy Mendoume , Bello Kowir Pambo
Published: July 2020

Le Banana Bunchy Top Disease (BBTD) est la maladie virale la plus dévastatrice du bananier impactant considérablement sa production. Le BBTD a été signalé au Gabon pour la première fois par la FAO avec une prévalence de plus de 90%. La présente étude vise à déterminer la prévalence du BBTD, la sévérité et l’importance du vecteur dans la zone de Ntoum. Après une enquête, 1800 pieds de bananiers dans 6 foyers d’infestation, ont été examinés de façon aléatoire avec un système de notation randomisé en transect croisé X. La méthode d’enquête par observation visuelle des symptômes du BBTD avec une échelle de notation de 1 à 5 a été utilisée. Les foyers d’infestation retenus présentent une sévérité de la maladie avancée avec le symptôme visuel de niveau 5 prépondérant et une prévalence moyenne de 21%. Le vecteur, Pentalonia nigronervosa est un insecte présent dans la zone mais à des niveaux d’importance variable. Il serait souhaitable d’évaluer la résistance variétale des Musa spp. et de montrer l’influence des facteurs biotiques et abiotiques sur la propagation de la maladie.Mots clés : Bananier, Pentalonia nigronervosa, foyers d’infestation, sévérité, importance du vecteur.

 

English Title: Prevalence of Banana Bunchy Top Disease (BBTD) in the Ntoum area in Gabon

Banana Bunchy Top Disease (BBTD) is the banana's most devastating viral disease, with a significant impact on its production. BBTD was first reported in Gabon by FAO with a prevalence of more than 90%. This study aims to determine the prevalence of BBTD, the severity and importance of the vector in the Ntoum area. After a survey, 1800 feet of banana trees in 6 outbreaks, were examined randomly with a randomized scoring system in transect crossed X. The method of visual observation of BBTD symptoms with a rating scale of 1 to 5 was used. The selected outbreaks have an advanced disease severity with the predominant level 5 visual symptom and an average prevalence of 21%. The vector, Pentalonia nigronervosa is an insect present in the area but at varying levels. It would be desirable to assess the varietal resistance of Musa spp. and to show the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on the spread of the disease.Keywords: Banana, Pentalonia nigronervosa, source of infestation, severity, importance of vector.
Cart-ruts in Lanzarote (Canary Islands, Spain) volcanoes tops point to Equinoxes, Summer and Winter Solstices
Authors: Arnaiz-Villena Antonio , Medina Marcial , Ruiz-del-Valle Valentín , Lopez-Nares Adrian , Rodriguez-Rodriguez Julian , Suarez-Trujillo Fabio
Published: July 2020

Cart-ruts have been observed in Mediterranean Basin, Eurasia and Africa. They are rock carved stripes and channels which unexpectedly converge and/or bend, not being useful for transportation use because constant parallelism is not kept. Cart-ruts came first to scholars attention in Malta and Gozo Islands where they are abundant and dated at Bronze or Temple Age of this Archipelago. A big conjoint European investment for Cart-ruts study only got a detailed inventory in several Eurasian and African countries. Age and use of Cart-ruts remains non-discovered: it is admitted that different ages and uses may not be the same for different or even same areas. Azores Archipelago Cart-ruts were left out of this study and we have recently described them at Lanzarote (Canary Islands, Spain) volcanoes tops and slopes and suggested that they could have been useful for space and time measurements. In the present study, Lanzarote is studied and Mt. Mina and Mt. Guardilama mountains Cart-ruts azimuths points to Summer and Winter Solstices sunrises respectively as measured from Quesera/”Cheeseboard” of Zonzamas, which is a prehistoric Guanche lunisolar calendar. Mt. Tenezara Cart-ruts azimuth is pointing towards Equinoxes sunrises, as observed from Zonzamas prehistoric calendar. Thus, a use for measure time and space could be a function for some Lanzarote Cart-ruts. We explain these findings in a prehistoric Guanche aborigine culture context probably common to Atlantic megalithic Bronze Age and to all Canary Islands having prehistoric inter-navigation, because all have similar rock Iberian-Guanche inscriptions and other common cultural traits. Sahara Desert abandoning by people also influenced Mediterranean and Atlantic culture. Probability that 3 out of 7 studied volcano Cart-ruts point to Solstices and Equinoxes by chance is close to zero as calculated by factorial probability methods.

Keywords: Latin, Scripts, Canary Islands, Iberian, Guanche, Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Quesera-Cheeseboard, Pyramids, Berber, Africa, Punic, Roman, Western Sahara, Tunisia, Canaria, Calendar, Etruscan, Basque, Cart-ruts, Usko-Mediterranean, Solstice, Equinox, Zonzamas, HLA, Genetics, Sahara. Atchano, Malta
Effect of mesenchymal stem cell-incorporated hydroxyapatite-collagen scaffold on tissue repair in acute spinal cord injury, and the mechanism involved
Authors: Yao Zhipeng , Liu Wenge , Song Chenyang
Published: July 2020

Purpose: To study the effect of hydroxyapatite-collagen (HC) scaffold with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on tissue repair in acute spinal cord  injury (SCI).Method: Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200 - 230 g were randomly divided into two groups implanted either with bone marrow-MSCs (experimental group) or HC scaffold alone (control group). Spinal cord injury was induced using laminectomy, resulting in a 2.0-mm gap at T10 of the spinal cord. The gap was filled in both groups with 2-mm HC scaffold at day 10 of culture. Cellular development, viability, and proliferation inside the scaffold were determined. Angiogenesis was determined by measuring fibronectin (FN) immunofluorescence, von Willebrand factor (vWF), hypoxiainducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).Results: HC scaffold strengthened MSCs. Bone marrow MSCs exhibited no statistically significant difference when compared with cells in culture at day 10 (47.03 ± 3.135 %, p > 0.05). Moreover, on days 5 and 10, FN deposition was higher in MSCs with scaffold than in scaffold-free MSCs. The expressions of FN, vWF, HIF-1α and VEGF were positively correlated, indicating that incorporation of HC scaffold into MSCs significantly improved tissue repair by improving angiogenesis via a differentiation process (p < 0.001).Conclusion: These findings suggest that HC scaffold with MSCs is a potential therapeutic procedure for spinal cord injury.

Keywords: Mesenchymal stem cells, Hydroxyapatite-collagen, Spinal cord injury, HC scaffold
El amor como causa formal, material y eficiente de la educación.
Authors: Márquez Regalado Socorro , Ramírez Tarango Rodrigo , Pérez Alarcón Sandra Angélica , Ávila Olivas Guillermo , Nevárez Arguijo César René
Published: July 2020

Se compara la tesis de Agustín Basave Fernández del Valle con las de otros filósofos para determinar la influencia del amor en la educación. Los resultados indican que: el ethos del ser humano tiene su origen en la potente influencia del amor, por lo que la enseñanza adecuada del amor es una necesidad en la educación formal e informal y que las causas de la educación son: a) formal, en tanto que la educación es substancialmente un acto de amor; b) final, pues entre los valores a enseñar están la sabiduría, la belleza, la verdad, la bondad y el amor, y c) eficiente, porque el educando acepta serlo en tanto descubre en su educador la benevolente intensión de mejorarle.
La cultura histórica, formadora de la identidad profesional en los estudiantes de ingeniería.
Authors: De la Cerda Ortega Ada Belén , Lahera Almeida Niubis Bernarda , Benítez Santoya Armando
Published: July 2020

El profesional técnico que demanda la sociedad cubana actual debe tener un alto compromiso social, con conocimientos científicos técnicos en función de dar soluciones factibles a los problemas sociales. La cultura histórica es una vía para comprender la visión humanista de la tecnología y sus impactos en una comunidad que tiene valores, tradiciones, hábitos y costumbres y necesidades que resolver. Divorciar la enseñanza técnica de la socio-humanista es un craso error en la formación de jóvenes que deben responsabilizarse con el futuro de la sociedad. El propósito del presente trabajo es proponer acciones pedagógicas, a través del método materialista dialéctico, que contribuyan a establecer los vínculos entre formación científico-técnica y la cultura histórica, con sentido de identidad profesional.
Programa de seguimiento de egresados de la Licenciatura en Medicina de la División de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad de Quintana Roo. Informe de resultados.
Authors: Panting Villalobos Hugo Alejandro , Rojas Armadillo María de Lourdes , Badillo Perry Saúl David
Published: July 2020

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo obtener información oportuna y confiable que contribuya a la toma de decisiones de tipo académico mediante la ejecución de un estudio de opinión y trayectoria profesional de los egresados de la licenciatura en Medicina de la Universidad de Quintana Roo. Se empleó un diseño transversal descriptivo, en el cual se aplicó un cuestionario digital a 168 egresados, considerando indicadores como la trayectoria académica, inserción en el mercado laboral, desarrollo de competencias, habilidades y destrezas. Tras la aplicación se obtuvo información de los indicadores mencionados previamente concluyendo que el desarrollo de proyectos de seguimiento de egresados es una herramienta útil para la mejora continua de los programas y planes de estudio institucionales.
Table of Contents
Authors: Journals Europasian
Published: July 2020

Editorial

Cool Parent Syndrome; Redefining Cool

Ganesh Amgain                                                                                                                                                

Original Articles

Treatment of Chalazian: a Comparative Cross-sectional Study

Binita Bhattarai, Koshal Shrestha, Sushila Patel, Laxmi Devi Manandhar, Rosy Karki, Nanda Gurung                                                                                                                                                                                                

Effectiveness of Hyperbaric Ropivacaine over Hyperbaric Bupivacaine in Spinal Anaesthesia

Ramesh Ghimire, Madhu Gyawali                                                                                                                  

Knowledge and Attitude on Abortion among women of reproductive age group attending Manipal Teaching Hospital, Nepal

Laxmi Adhikari, Isha Karmacharya, Netra Bahadur Karki, Sandhya Shrestha                                        

Nasal index among Students of People’s Dental College and Hospital

Mangesh Bajracharya , Samjhana Sharma                                                                                                  

Knowledge and Attitude on Organ Donation among Nursing Students of a College in Biratnagar

Binu Limbu, Saraswati Basnet, Suvekshya Silwal                             

Spinal Anesthesia for Removal of Thoraco-Lumbar Pedicle Screw

Nirmal Kumar Gyawali                                                                           

Impact of Pharmacist Counselling on Medication Adherence among Elderly Patients on Antihypertensive Therapy in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal

Sumitra Shrestha, Renu Karki, Mamita Ghimire                                                                                          

Pain in Separation of the Molars among the Orthodontic patients

Pushkar Manandhar, Anjana Rajbhandari, Resina Pradhan, Manju Bajracharya, Surendra Maharjan

Effects of Food Habits on Menstrual Cycle among Adolescent Girls

Kapil Amgain, Sujana Neupane                                                                

Review Articles

Embalming – History to its Recent Advancements

Sunil Shrestha, Saru Bhattarai, Samyog Mahat, Manisha Jha, Kapil Amgain                                         

Viewpoints

Community Dermatology: Necessity or Hype?

Rushma Shrestha, Niraj Parajuli, Anupama Karki                                                                                       

Conference Reports

Attending 5th Varian Oncology Summit 2019: Learning Experiences as a Medical Physicist

Venugopal Sudaram
A “Defect of Justice”: Congregationalism, the Calvinist Problem, and the Unitarian Solution in Sylvester Judd's Margaret
Authors: Woods Benjamin
Published: July 2020

This article contributes to a small body of criticism concerning Sylvester Judd’s 1845 novel Margaret. Largely described as a “Transcendentalist” novel that critiques the Calvinist theology prevalent in late-eighteenth-early-nineteenth century New England village society, I argue for an interpretation of the novel that is concerned the interaction between Calvinism and the Congregationalist model of social and religious organization over time. Rather than just exposing the negative social ramifications Calvinist doctrines like total depravity can have on New England society, I assert that the novel exposes the limitations in Puritan Congregationalist ideals espoused by early figures such as John Winthrop through the example of Livingston. The new Unitarian-congregationalist model Livingston adopts in discarding Calvinism suggests Judd’s resolute faith in Winthrop’s original Congregationalist mission. Judd does not imagine a radical Utopia, but instead offers a more pragmatic reform that is fundamentally Unitarian in its emphasis on humanity's essential goodness and limitless capacity for moral improvement.
Women Academic Leaders in Higher Education in Pakistan: Perspectives of Female Students Enrolled in Higher Education Degrees
Authors: Khokhar Ashar Johnson
Published: July 2020

The number of women joining the teaching profession has risen in general. In addition, the number of women academics in other faculties and departments in universities has gone up as Pakistan has opened new women-only universities, some having women Vice Chancellors. However, women are generally absent from higher-up and decision-making positions in higher education, and the current paper investigates this issue. Although several researchers have earlier explored this phenomenon, this study attempts to assess it from the students‘ perspective. Therefore, the question of women as managers in higher education was placed before sixty female students enrolled in postgraduate programmes of four private and two public sector universities. Each research participant was provided enough time to consider and answer the query ―why are there no women in higher leadership positions in universities in Pakistan in co-education set-ups?‖ Each of the in-depth discussion sessions, moderated by the researcher, resulted in creating rich data, which helps in comprehending why academically qualified women are not able to break the glass ceiling and move upward in their professional careers.
“Women In Jokes”: A Linguistic Analysis of Jokes on Pakistani Social Media in Light of the General Theory of Verbal Humour
Authors: Rashad Saira , Azher Musarrat
Published: July 2020

Social relations of power are established and negotiated through discourse and joke telling is one strategy among many to do so. The present study is an attempt to examine the representation of women in jokes, circulated on Pakistani social media, by addressing four themes: representation of women in general, women exercising skills/intellect, women as life partners and representation of teenage girls/young women. The study employs the General Theory of Verbal Humour (GTVH) by Attardo & Raskin (1991) as a theoretical framework. From different social media sources like Facebook and Whatsapp, twenty jokes pertaining to women have been selected randomly and analysed on the basis of the GTVH's six knowledge resources. The study reflects the realization that women are represented as talkative and ignorant beings, devoid of intellect; women as life partners are shown to be domineering and intimidating figures, and the representation of teenage girls/young women reinforces stereotypes circulated by patriarchy discourse. The significance of this work lies in the assumption that systematically analysing jokes about women may help in exposing casual sexism and empower women by provoking them to question instead of internalizing the stereotypes circulated through jokes.
Presentación. El cumplimiento de las normas internacionales del trabajo por las empresas multinacionales: entre lo deseable y lo posible
Authors: Gil y Gil José Luis , Ushakova Tatsiana
Published: July 2020

La primera parte del volumen 10, número 2, de Lex Social, Revista jurídica de los derechos sociales, incorpora una selección de estudios de autores españoles y extranjeros de gran prestigio en el ámbito del Derecho internacional y europeo del trabajo, que han participado en el proyecto de investigación Empresas multinacionales y normas internacionales del trabajo. Especial referencia a la situación en España (DER2016-77973-R)
La responsabilidad de las empresas multinacionales por vulneración de los estándares laborales. Una perspectiva global
Authors: Gil y Gil José Luis
Published: July 2020

Para analizar la problemática de la responsabilidad de las empresas multinacionales por la vulneración de los estándares laborales, el artículo sigue el esquema conceptual de los Principios Rectores de la ONU sobre empresas y derechos humanos. El centro de gravedad del sistema es el deber del Estado de proteger los derechos humanos en el trabajo, que incluye también el de exigir la responsabilidad a las empresas multinacionales y el de garantizar a los trabajadores el derecho a medidas de reparación adecuadas. Las empresas multinacionales tienen el deber de respetar los derechos humanos básicos en el trabajo, actuando con una diligencia razonable, y los poderes del Estado pueden y deber actuar para protegerlos, cuando las empresas multinacionales tienen la sede o llevan a cabo actividades en su jurisdicción, aun a falta de un instrumento jurídicamente vinculante, en el plano internacional universal o regional, o de una directiva de la Unión Europea, o de una regulación de derecho interno. Con todo, resultan insuficientes por ahora, y es previsible que lo sigan siendo en un futuro inmediato, los instrumentos jurídicos para imponer sanciones administrativas, o para exigir la responsabilidad penal y civil o laboral de las empresas multinacionales que vulneran los derechos laborales básicos.
Acute and chronic graft versus host disease after hematopoietic stem cell transplant
Authors: Funke Vaneuza A. M. , Moreira Maria Claudia Rodrigues , Vigorito Afonso Celso
Published: July 2020

Graft versus host disease is one of the main complications of Hematopoietic stem cell, in­volving about 50% to 80% of the patients. Acute GVHD clinical manifestations and therapy is discussed, as well as new NIH criteria for the diagnosis and classification of chronic GVHD. Therapy for both refractory chronic and acute GVHD is an important field of discussion once there is no superiority for the majority of the agents after primary therapy has failed. Hence, this review is meant to be a useful tool of consultation for clinicians who are dealing with this complex complication.
La parola restituita: la ricchezza del linguaggio liturgico
Authors: Benedito André Luiz
Published: July 2020

O livro em questão possui quatro capítulos: 1) “A densidade da palavra entre som e conceito”; 2) “A palavra na trama da celebração”; 3) “Verbum Domini. O ‘novo evento’ da palavra proclamada”; 4) “A palavra ‘outra’ da Igreja que reza”.
O ritmo do ano litúrgico e a escolha das leituras bíblicas na celebração da eucaristia dominical
Authors: Finelon Vitor Gino
Published: July 2020

A teologia litúrgica reconhece o tempo como um sacramento. Os ciclos e os ritmos do tempo – diário, semanal e anual – são preenchidos pela anamnese dos eventos soteriológicos e pela epiclese da salvação no “hoje”. Desta forma, o ano litúrgico é vivido como um grande memorial do mistério pascal de Cristo. Dentro desse contexto, a Liturgia da Palavra, cuja parte fundamental está na proclamação das leituras bíblicas, goza de importância radical para esta experiência memorial. Assim sendo, os liturgistas usaram os princípios teológicos de harmonização dos textos e de subordinação ao tempo litúrgico para organizar as leituras dispostas no lecionário dominical da celebração eucarística. A análise destes dois princípios e das suas relações possibilitam um entendimento das escolhas das leituras bíblicas do lecionário dominical e dos seus contatos teológicos com o ano litúrgico.
O jovem, lócus teológico da esperança cristã, no Pontificado do Papa Francisco
Authors: Danielski Gislene
Published: July 2020

Com este artigo faremos uma breve reflexão acerca da esperança cristã e as juventudes. Tomaremos como ponto de partida o Concilio Vaticano II e suas manifestações diretas e indiretas em torno da temática, buscando sua continuidade no pontificado do Papa Francisco. Veremos que o tema é amplamente abordado pelo Concílio, mesmo que esse não tenha destinado nenhum documento ou capítulo em referência direta aos jovens, o que não significou que os tenha deixado à margem de suas reflexões e preocupações. Encontraremos nos documentos conciliares inúmeras citações que evidenciam os jovens como esperança da Igreja e ao mesmo tempo destinatários da Esperança Cristã, necessitados de testemunhos autênticos que semeiem a fé em seus corações. Referindo-se a Francisco, poderemos perceber que, desde o início de seu pontificado, sua esperança nas juventudes é evidente. Em seus discursos insiste na temática e atualmente faz com o que os olhares de toda a Igreja se voltem para as juventudes uma vez que propõe ao Sínodo 2018 o tema: Juventudes, fé e discernimento vocacional.
Juventudes e Discernimento Vocacional: breve reflexão sobre o Sínodo dos Bispos na perspectiva da antropologia vocacional
Authors: Conceição Elizeu
Published: July 2020

Este artigo reflete sobre a dimensão antropológica da vocação que emana do tema, processo de preparação e realização do Sínodo dos Bispos, que ocorreu entre os dias 03 e 28 de outubro de 2018. Essa dimensão antropológica abrange todos os jovens e não somente os participantes das comunidades religiosas. O chamado (vocação) é um dado antropológico, ou seja, diz respeito a todos e é sentido como uma provocação interior que exige respostas no quotidiano e se torna um modo de conduzir a vida à luz das motivações e valores interiores. A partir desta compreensão vocacional é possível projetar caminhos novos para a Pastoral Juvenil no Brasil, caminhos que podem ajudar os jovens a reconhecerem-se como criados, chamados e amados por Deus num modo de integração pastoral com toda existência humana. Por isso, a Pastoral Juvenil deve ser orientada a se organizar a partir deste eixo fundamental: a vocação, para dar chaves de crescimento integral a todos os jovens.