bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifying research priorities for occupational therapy in the UK: A James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership
Authors: Watson Jo , Cowan Katherine , Spring Hannah , Donnell Jenny Mac , Unstead-Joss Ruth
Published: June 2021

Introduction

As the scope and nature of practice evolves in an ever-changing health and social care landscape, it is imperative the profession continues to expand the evidence base underpinning interventions. The Royal College of Occupational Therapists partnered with the James Lind Alliance to bring together people with lived experience, occupational therapists and other people working in the health and care sector to identify contemporary research priorities for the profession in the United Kingdom.

Method

The JLA’s well-established methodology was adopted. An opening consultation survey gathered unanswered questions. Analysis of responses and evidence checking preceded an initial prioritisation survey. The final prioritisation workshop drew on nominal group technique.

Findings

927 respondents submitted 2193 questions. Those within the project’s scope were captured in 66 overarching summary questions using thematic analysis. These were initially ranked by 1140 respondents. 18 questions comprising the 10 most highly ranked by people with lived experience and by those with professional experience were considered by 19 participants in the final workshop. Together, they reached consensus on the Top 10 priorities.

Conclusion

These research priorities provide a contemporary framework influencing and guiding future research, ensuring it addresses the issues of greatest importance to people accessing and delivering services.
Remote sensing of the mountain cryosphere: Current capabilities and future opportunities for research
Authors: Taylor Liam S , Quincey Duncan J , Smith Mark W , Baumhoer Celia A , McMillan Malcolm , Mansell Damien T
Published: June 2021

Remote sensing technologies are integral to monitoring the mountain cryosphere in a warming world. Satellite missions and field-based platforms have transformed understanding of the processes driving changes in mountain glacier dynamics, snow cover, lake evolution, and the associated emergence of hazards (e.g. avalanches, floods, landslides). Sensors and platforms are becoming more bespoke, with innovation being driven by the commercial sector, and image repositories are more frequently open access, leading to the democratisation of data analysis and interpretation. Cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and machine learning are rapidly transforming our ability to handle this exponential increase in data. This review therefore provides a timely opportunity to synthesise current capabilities in remote sensing of the mountain cryosphere. Scientific and commercial applications were critically examined, recognising the technologies that have most advanced the discipline. Low-cost sensors can also be deployed in the field, using microprocessors and telecommunications equipment to connect mountain glaciers to stakeholders for real-time monitoring. The potential for novel automated pipelines that can process vast volumes of data is also discussed, from reimagining historical aerial imagery to produce elevation models, to automatically delineating glacier boundaries. Finally, the applications of these emerging techniques that will benefit scientific research avenues and real-world societal programmes are discussed.
Digitalization of waste management: Insights from German private and public waste management firms
Authors: Borchard Rebecca , Zeiss Roman , Recker Jan
Published: June 2021

Policymakers, practitioners, and scholars have long-lauded digital technologies, such as smart waste containers or artificial intelligence for material recognition and robotic automation, as key enablers to more effective and efficient waste management. While these advances promise an increasingly digitalized future for collecting, sorting, and recycling waste material, little is known about the current extent of digitalization by waste management firms. Available studies focus on firms’ digitalization intentions, largely neglecting the level of actual adoption of digital technologies, and do not differentiate the level of digitalization alongside different steps of the waste management value chain. Our study reports on a cross-sectional descriptive survey that captures current digitalization efforts and strategies of 130 public and private waste management firms in Germany. We analyze their levels of digitalization along with different steps of the waste management value chain, explore their different objectives, approaches, and transformational measures with regard to digitalization. Our findings reveal that while the perceived importance of digitalization in the waste management sector continues to grow, the actual adoption of advanced digital technologies falls notably behind intentions reported in 2016 and 2017. We explore the reasons for this gap, point out so far largely ignored research opportunities, and derive recommendations for waste management firms and associations.
Online Self-Regulated Learning and Achievement in the Era of Change
Authors: Rivers Damian J. , Nakamura Michiko , Vallance Michael
Published: June 2021

As education is remodelled to online solutions, instructors and students are required to adapt their teaching and learning through different forms of monitoring, regulation and assessment. This remodelling requires conceptual and philosophical reflection relating to stakeholder roles and the relationship between learners and teaching materials within digital learning spaces. With a sample of 276 student participants, this article reports from a Japanese university which shifted all regular face-to-face lectures online at short notice during 2020. Self-regulated learning is drawn from to test a primary thesis that online self-regulated learning impacts achievement. It was hypothesized that metacognitive skills provide the foundation for online self-regulated learning but are not able to exert a direct effect on achievement as such skills must be mediated through applied behavioral action. Three criterion models indicated limited achievement effect sizes between 11.1% and 12.6%. The outcomes are discussed in relation to online learning and pedagogies relevant to distance education in the era of change.
What Predicts the Use of Blended Sentences Among Eligible Juveniles? A State-Wide Examination
Authors: Craig Jessica M. , Zettler Haley , Trulson Chad
Published: June 2021

In response to critiques of traditional juvenile justice processing and waiver to adult court, several states have adopted blended sentencing. These sentences fall in between these two approaches as they offer the benefits of the more rehabilitative-oriented juvenile system, with the option to deploy more punitive adult criminal sanctions. While previous research has indicated violent offenders were more likely to receive a blended sentence, it has not distinguished between those who were eligible for a blended sentence but did not receive this sanction. The current study seeks to address this gap and examine legal and extralegal predictors of receiving a blended sentence among those eligible. The analyses indicated that while those adjudicated for homicide and aggravated robbery were most likely to be given a blended sentence, other predictors such as prior probation failure and previous violence toward the family were associated with a decreased likelihood of receiving this sentence.
Linking Mentoring to Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Roles of Protégés’ Task Performance and Job Satisfaction
Authors: Lin Mi-Ting , Kao Kuo-Yang , Hsu Hao-Hsin
Published: June 2021

There is currently a limited amount of research that explores how mentoring others can prove advantageous for mentors. Based on the job demands–resources model, we propose that individuals who act as mentors should be more willing to engage in behaviors that are beneficial to an organization and that mentoring others could improve their well-being. Moreover, we explore the bidirectional influences between the mentor and protégé by considering how the well-being outcomes and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) of mentors are shaped by the protégé’s job attitudes and behaviors. Two waves of data were collected from 352 employees (176 mentoring dyads) in Taiwan. Support was found for the positive effect of mentoring others on the exhibition of OCB as well as for lower burnout. Additionally, protégés’ job satisfaction and performance moderated the direct and indirect effects of mentoring others on OCB. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Identification of cavitation in centrifugal pump by artificial immune network
Authors: Matloobi Seyed M , Riahi Mohammad
Published: June 2021

Reducing the cost of unscheduled shutdowns and enhancing the reliability of production systems is an important goal for various industries; this could be achieved by condition monitoring and artificial intelligence. Cavitation is a common undesired phenomenon in centrifugal pumps, which causes damage and its detection in the preliminary stage is very important. In this paper, cavitation is identified by use of vibration and current signal and artificial immune network that is modeled on the base of the human immune system. For this purpose, first data collection were done by a laboratory setup in health and five stages damage condition; then various features in time, frequency, and time–frequency were extracted from vibration and current signals in addition to pressure and flow rate; next feature selection and dimensions reduction were done by artificial immune method to use for classification; finally, they were used by artificial immune network and some other methods to identify the system condition and classification. The results of this study showed that this method is more accurate in the detection of cavitation in the initial stage compared to methods such as non-linear supportive vector machine, multi-layer artificial neural network, K-means and fuzzy C-means with the same data. Also, selected features with artificial immune system were better than principal component analysis results.
Parameterization and optimization design of a two-dimensional axisymmetric hypersonic inlet
Authors: Xu Shangcheng , Wang Yi , Wang Zhenguo , Fan Xiaoqiang , Xiong Bing
Published: June 2021

Optimization method, as a promising way to improve inlet aerodynamic performance, has received increasing attention. The present research is undertaken to design a two-dimensional axisymmetric hypersonic inlet using parametric optimization. The inlet configuration is parameterized and optimized in consideration of total pressure recovery and starting performance. A Pareto front is obtained by solving the multi-objective optimization problem. Then, the flow structures of the optimized inlets are analyzed and the starting performances are evaluated. Results show that the total pressure loss mainly occurs in the internal contraction section, especially near the inlet entrance, and therefore the total pressure recovery coefficient can be greatly improved by decreasing external compression. As a result, the guidance for designing high-performance inlets is concluded. Besides, it is found that as the internal contraction ratio increases, the inlet starting ability becomes worse, which attributes to the larger separation bubble at the inlet entrance. Finally, the total pressure recovery coefficient and the starting Mach number of the optimized inlets are obtained, which can be a reference for engineering design.
DICOM 3D viewers, virtual reality or 3D printing – a pilot usability study for assessing the preference of orthopedic surgeons
Authors: Popescu Diana , Marinescu Rodica , Laptoiu Dan , Deac Gicu Calin , Cotet Costel Emil
Published: June 2021

As standard practice in orthopedic surgery, the information gathered by analyzing Computer Tomography (CT) 2D images is used for patient diagnosis and planning surgery. Lately, these virtual slices are the input for generating 3D virtual models using DICOM viewers, facilitating spatial orientation, and diagnosis. Virtual Reality (VR) and 3D printing (3DP) technologies are also reported for use in anatomy visualization, medical training, and diagnosis. However, it has not been yet investigated whether the surgeons consider that the advantages offered by 3DP and VR outweigh their development efforts. Moreover, no comparative evaluation for understanding surgeon’s preference in using these investigation tools has been performed so far. Therefore, in this paper, a pilot usability test was conducted for collecting surgeons’ opinions. 3D models of knee, hip and foot were displayed using DICOM 3D viewer, two VR environments and as 3D-printed replicas. These tools adequacy for diagnosis was comparatively assessed in three cases scenarios, the time for completing the diagnosis tasks was recorded and questionnaires filled in. The time for preparing the models for VR and 3DP, the resources needed and the associated costs were presented in order to provide surgeons with the whole context. Results showed a preference in using desktop DICOM viewer with 3D capabilities along with the information provided by Unity-based VR solution for visualizing the virtual model from various angles challenging to analyze on the computer screen. 3D-printed replicas were considered more useful for physically simulating the surgery than for diagnosis. For the VR and 3DP models, the lack of information on bone quality was considered an important drawback. The following order of using the tools was preferred: DICOM viewer, followed by Unity VR and 3DP.
Entre « nonne » et « monstre » : images « du professeur femme » dans la France de la Belle Époque
Authors: Efthymiou Loukia
Published: June 2021

Le « professeur femme » est inventé en 1881 par la toute jeune IIIe République dans le cadre d’une entreprise de large envergure visant à la laïcisation du système scolaire français. Soucieux de ne point nuire au succès d’une oeuvre si importante pour la stabilité du régime même, les républicains s’emploient à faire intégrer cet être « hermaphrodite » tenant autant du masculin que du féminin à la norme. Ainsi est façonnée une nouvelle identité féminine aussi paradoxale que complexe dans la mesure où elle concilie deux extrêmes : celui de la nonne laïque entièrement vouée à ses élèves et, par ailleurs, celui de la savante, usurpatrice d’une profession définie au masculin, indépendante certes, mais au prix du sacrifice de sa féminité.
Betalain exerts cardioprotective and anti-inflammatory effects against the experimental model of heart failure
Authors: Gao Y , Liang X , Tian Z , Ma Y , Sun C
Published: June 2021

Betalain is a natural plant pigment known to elicit various biological activities. However, studies on the protective effect of betalain against heart failure have not reported yet. The experimental model of heart failure was created in Wistar rats using isoproterenol (ISO). The animals were randomly assigned into four groups such as sham-control, ISO-induced heart failure, betalain pretreated before ISO induction (50 mg/kg/day), and betalain drug control group were maintained for 6 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, anti-oxidant enzymes, inflammatory markers, matrix proteins, cardiac-specific markers, and micro RNAs were elucidated using RT-PCR, and ELISA analysis. The results demonstrated that the rats induced with ISO displayed an abnormality in cardiac functions, increased oxidative stress markers ( p < 0.01), inflammatory cytokines ( p < 0.01) while abrogated the expression of miR-18a, and increased miR-199a. While betalain pre-treated rats prevented the cardiac failure significantly ( p < 0.01) with improved anti-oxidant enzymes, abrogated the inflammatory signals with restored matrix proteins, cardiac biomarker genes, and attenuated miR-423 and miR-27 compared to heart failure rats. The results of the study suggest that the betalain treatment protected the hearts from failing via microRNA mediated activation the anti-inflammatory signaling and restoring the matrix protein modulation.
Do worlds have (fourth) walls? A Text World Theory approach to direct address in Fleabag
Authors: Gibbons Alison , Whiteley Sara
Published: June 2021

This article examines direct address, or ‘breaking the fourth wall’, in the BBC TV series Fleabag. It applies Text World Theory to telecinematic discourse for the first time and, in doing so, contributes to developing cognitive approaches in the field of telecinematic stylistics. Text World Theory, originally a cognitive linguistic discourse processing framework, is used to examine how multimodal cues contribute to the creation of imagined worlds. We examine three examples of direct address in Fleabag, featuring actor gaze alongside use of the second-person you or actor gaze alone . Our analysis highlights the need to account for the different deictic referents of you, with the pronoun able to refer intra- and extradiegetically. We also explore viewers’ ontological positioning because ‘breaking the fourth wall’ in telecinematic discourse evokes an addressee who is not spatiotemporally co-present with the text-world character. We therefore propose the concept of the split text-world, which assists in accounting for the deictic pull that viewers may feel during direct address and its experiential impact. Our analysis suggests that telecinematic direct address is necessarily world-forming but can ontologically position the viewer differently in different narrative contexts. While some instances of direct address in Fleabag position the viewer as Fleabag’s narratee and confidant, there is increasing play with direct address in the show’s second series and a destabilisation of this narratee role, achieved through the suggestion that Fleabag’s addressee may be more psychologically interior than they first appear.
Socio-spatial polarisation and policy response: Perspectives for regional development in the Baltic States
Authors: Lang Thilo , Burneika Donatas , Noorkõiv Rivo , Plüschke-Altof Bianka , Pociūtė-Sereikienė Gintarė , Sechi Guido
Published: June 2021

Based on a relational understanding of socio-spatial polarisation as a nested, multidimensional and multi-scalar process, the paper applies a comparative perspective on current trends of socio-spatial development in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Comparing current scholarship and data on demographic and economic processes of centralisation and peripheralisation, we also examine political debates around issues of polarisation in different scholarly national perspectives. Despite variations in national discourses, our comparative perspective conveys strong similarities between the three Baltic countries in terms of socio-economic and demographic concentration in the capital regions to the disadvantage of the rest of the country. The analysis of regional policies further points to tensions between a concern for territorial cohesion on the one hand, and an adherence to the neo-liberal logic of growth and competitiveness against the backdrop of post-socialist transition on the other hand. An overview of case studies in the three countries shows a common reliance on endogenous resources to foster local development, conforming to the neo-liberal logics of regional policy. However, these strategies remain niche models with different levels of success for the respective regions and also among the populations in the region. As a result, we argue for a stronger role of regional policy in the Baltic countries that goes beyond the capital regions by better addressing the negative consequences of uneven development.
Interactions among Infrastructure, Trade Openness, Foreign Direct Investments and Economic Growth in India
Authors: Sarania Rahul
Published: June 2021

This study examines the dynamic interrelationships among infrastructure, trade openness, foreign direct investments (FDI), economic growth, fixed capital formation, labour and inflation rate in the context of India for the period 1970 to 2018 through the application of Toda–Yamamoto (TY) causality test and the auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach to cointegration to offer policy implications of the effectiveness of these important macroeconomic determinants in the short and long-run. This article developed two composite indices, namely, infrastructure development index (INFI) and trade openness index (TOI) and used to see the effectiveness of infrastructure indicators and trade openness on economic growth along with other variables of interest. Results suggest a strong causal short and long run interrelationship among infrastructure, FDIs, trade openness and economic growth during 1970–2018. In the long run, a bi-directional relationship exists between INFI and GDP, suggesting that India should expedite construction of adequate and expanded infrastructure facilities in the economy and among others things, frame its policy in a more liberalised manner for various sectors including infrastructure with a view to attracting more FDI inflows and making more openness to trade and globalisation within the environment of ease of doing business that would help to sustain higher economic growth for long period, accomplishing the goal of US$5 trillion economy by 2024–25.

JEL Classification:H54, O1, H4, O4, P33, L9, C32
Infrastructure for Structural Transformation: A Comebackof Planning?
Authors: Gottschalk Ricardo , Sampath Padmashree Gehl
Published: June 2021

This article examines how infrastructure development may best support structural transformation in developing countries. It critiques ongoing emphasis by multilateral financial institutions and other actors on infrastructure as an asset class and their focus on bankable projects. The article considers this approach too narrow for real economic transformation and argues development requires a more holistic approach, one that includes project assessment based on developmental criteria. Drawing on the pioneers of development and more recent literature on infrastructure systems, the article proposes development planning as a more promising approach and assesses how developing countries are faring regarding infrastructure planning for growth and transformation.

JEL Classification: H54, O21, O40, P11
Book review: Darlene J. Sadlier, The Portuguese-speaking Diaspora: Seven Centuries of Literature and the Arts Austin
Authors: Sinha Neha
Published: June 2021

Darlene J. Sadlier, The Portuguese-speaking Diaspora: Seven Centuries of Literature and the Arts Austin. University of Texas Press, 2016, pp. 314. Price US$ 90 (hard cover). ISBN 1477310541, 9781477310540.
Time-of-day practices echo circadian physiological arousal: An enculturated embodied practice in Hindustani classical music
Authors: Agrawal Tanushree , Shanahan Daniel , Huron David , Keller Hannah
Published: June 2021

Traditionally, various Hindustani (North Indian) ragas have been performed at specific times of day, such as dawn, dusk, midday, and evening. Human physiology also exhibits common circadian patterns, with reduced arousal at night, rising during the morning, culminating in peak arousal, and then declining arousal towards the end of the day. This raises the question of how and whether the musical features of ragas for each time of day are related to these circadian patterns of arousal. We formally examined associations between traditionally designated time-of-day classifications and musical features from 65 Hindustani raga performances. Our results showed that only pitch-related features are predictive of time-of-day classifications. Surprisingly, non-pitch factors known to correlate with arousal, such as tempo, did not covary with raga time-of-day practices. In general, the results are consistent with rules for North Indian raga performances described by Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande (1860–1936) that emphasize the presence or prevalence of particular tones in the raga. The results point to a combination of enculturated and embodied influences in conveying musical arousal. Specifically, they suggest that while time-of-day-related raga listening practices may have been initially influenced by embodied processes, they have ultimately been reshaped by pitch-related cultural norms.
Nonlinear dynamic responses of electrically actuated dielectric elastomer-based microbeam resonators
Authors: Alibakhshi Amin , Heidari Hamidreza
Published: June 2021

This paper aims to investigate the chaotic and nonlinear resonant behaviors of a dielectric elastomer-based microbeam resonator, incorporating material and geometric nonlinearities. The von Kármán strain-displacement equation is utilized to model the geometric nonlinearity. Material nonlinearity is described via the hyperelastic Gent model and Neo-Hookean constitutive law. The applied electrical loading to the elastomer includes both static and sinusoidal voltages. The governing equations of motion are formulated based on an energy approach and generalized Hamilton’s principle. Employing a single-mode Galerkin technique, the governing equations are obtained only in terms of time derivatives. The governing ordinary differential equations are solved by means of the multiple scale method and a time-integration-based solver. The nonlinear resonance characteristics are explored through the frequency-amplitude plots. The nonlinear oscillations of the system are analyzed making use of visual techniques such as phase plane diagram, Poincaré section and time history, and fast Fourier transform. Based on the results obtained, the resonant behavior is the hardening type. The vibration of the dielectric elastomer based-microbeam is the quasiperiodic response.
Relationship Between State-Level Developmental Screening and IDEA Part C Early Intervention Rates
Authors: Traube Dorian E. , Mamey Mary Rose
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to explore whether a relationship exists between the rates of state-level developmental screening by a health care provider and state-level provision of Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, Part C (IDEA Part C) early intervention services. This is an important first step in determining whether states have the capacity to deal with a potential influx of newly identified children. This analysis compared screening rates from the 2016 National Survey of Children’s Health with service rates from the Department of Education’s 2016 IDEA Part C data. There was no significant relationship between rates of screening by a health care provider and receipt of IDEA Part C services ( r = .13, p = .366). Those who identified as White were screened and provided with IDEA services at a higher percentage than non-White ( r = .80, p < .001). There was a significant relationship between region and receipt of IDEA Part C services, F(3) = 8.14, p < .001, with the Northeast region ( M = 4.95, SD = 1.85) having higher percent served via IDEA Part C services. Results indicate no relationship between state levels of screening by a health care provider and receipt of IDEA Part C services. Efforts to increase developmental screening may require strategies to ensure adequate service access.
Association of Visual Appearance on Outcomes After Hallux Valgus Surgery
Authors: Bahar Hakan , Yildiz Kadir Ilker
Published: June 2021

Background:

In this study, our aim was to determine the effect of cosmetic improvement on patient satisfaction and functional scores in hallux valgus (HV) surgery.

Methods:

Preoperative foot photographs of 105 patients who had undergone chevron osteotomy for HV between 2016 and 2018 were taken. The patients were divided into 2 groups. Twenty-four months after surgery, the preoperative foot photographs were shown to patients in group 1 (n = 52) but not to patients in group 2 (n = 53). The groups were then compared using the visual analog scale (VAS), the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society Hallux Metatarsophalangeal-Interphalangeal (AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP), and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) scores. Both groups were evaluated radiologically with preoperative and postoperative hallux valgus angles and intermetatarsal angles.

Results:

There was no difference between the 2 groups in terms of radiologic parameters either pre- or postoperatively, or AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP scores postoperatively. However, for group 1, the VAS was lower (0.4±0.8 vs 1.8±1.6, P = .003) and both the SF-36 physical functioning (88.3±18.1 vs 79.1±23.2, P = .017) and SF-36 mental health scores were higher (78.8±19 vs 69.2±16.3, P = .022).

Conclusion:

Visualizing improvement in the cosmetic appearance of the foot appears associated with patients’ perception of subjective pain and functional improvement. We recommend that preoperative foot photographs be taken and recorded.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, case-control study.
The Hallux Metatarsophalangeal Capsule: An Anatomic Study With Respect to Percutaneous Hallux Valgus Correction
Authors: Chin Kenneth M. , Richardson Nicholas S. , Campbell John T. , Jeng Clifford L. , Christian Matthew W. , Cerrato Rebecca A.
Published: June 2021

Background:

Minimally invasive surgery for the treatment of hallux valgus deformities has become increasingly popular. Knowledge of the location of the hallux metatarsophalangeal (MTP) proximal capsular origin on the metatarsal neck is essential for surgeons in planning and executing extracapsular corrective osteotomies. A cadaveric study was undertaken to further study this anatomic relationship.

Methods:

Ten nonpaired fresh-frozen frozen cadaveric specimens were used for this study. Careful dissection was performed, and the capsular origin of the hallux MTP joint was measured from the central portion of the metatarsal head in the medial, lateral, dorsal, plantarmedial, and plantarlateral dimensions.

Results:

The ten specimens had a mean age of 77 years, with 5 female and 5 male. The mean distances from the central hallux metatarsal head to the MTP capsular origin were 15.2 mm dorsally, 8.4 mm medially, 9.6 mm laterally, 19.3 mm plantarmedially, and 21.0 mm plantarlaterally.

Conclusion:

The MTP capsular origin at the hallux metatarsal varies at different anatomic positions. Knowledge of this capsular anatomy is critical for orthopaedic surgeons when planning and performing minimally invasive distal metatarsal osteotomies for the correction of hallux valgus.

Type of Study:

Cadaveric Study.
Self-Blame in Adolescents Who Have Been Sexually Abused: Factor Structure and Differential Correlates of Abuse-Specific and Global Measures
Authors: Rancher Caitlin , McDonald Renee , Kamata Akihito , Jackson Mindy , Jouriles Ernest N.
Published: June 2021

Self-blame appraisals are frequently studied among adolescents following sexual abuse. However, the conceptualization and operationalization of self-blame varies across studies, with some examining self-blame specific to the abuse and others examining global self-blame. The present study examined the factor structure and theorized correlates of measures of self-blame appraisals among a sample of adolescents who had been sexually abused ( N = 493, 91% female). Results of confirmatory factor analyses indicated that a two-factor model, in which abuse-specific and global self-blame appraisals load onto separate factors, produced a superior model fit compared with a single-factor model, though the two factors were highly correlated. Abuse-specific and global self-blame appraisals are differentially associated with theorized correlates, such as experiencing coercion during the abuse. Taken together, the findings suggest that adolescents’ abuse-specific and global self-blame appraisals following sexual abuse are measuring distinct constructs.
Health-Related Quality of Life in Asian Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Survivors
Authors: Chan Wing-Lok , Choi Horace Cheuk-Wai , Lang Brian , Wong Kai-Pun , Yuen Kwok-Keung , Lam Ka-On , Lee Victor Ho-Fun , Kwong Dora
Published: June 2021

Background:

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is important for differentiated thyroid cancer survivors, but data for Asian survivors is lacking. This study aimed to have an overview of, and identify any disease-or treatment-related factors associated with, HRQoL in Asian differentiated thyroid cancer survivors.

Patients and Methods:

Thyroid cancer survivors were recruited from the thyroid clinics at Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong from February 2016 to December 2016. All adult differentiated thyroid cancer patients with stable disease more than or equal to 1 year received a survey on HRQoL using the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) and Thyroid cancer specific quality of life (THYCA-QoL) questionnaire. Clinical information was collected retrospectively from the computerized clinical management system. To identify factors associated with poor HRQoL, univariable and stepwise multivariable regression analysis were performed.

Results:

A total of 613 survivors completed the questionnaires (response rate: 82.1%; female: 80.1%; median survivorship: 7.4 years (range: 1.0-48.2 years)). The QLQ-C30 summary score mean was 84.4 (standard deviation (SD): 12.7) while the THYCA-QoL summary score mean was 39.9 (SD: 9.7). The 2 highest symptom subscales were fatigue (mean: 26.4, SD: 20.6) and insomnia (mean: 26.2, SD: 27.6). Factors associated with worse HRQoL included serum thyrotropin (TSH) greater than 1.0 mIU/L, unemployment, and concomitant psychiatric disorders. Concomitant psychiatric illness (n = 40/613, 6.5%) also showed significant association with most of the symptom and functional subscales.

Conclusions:

Fatigue and insomnia were the 2 most common symptoms experienced by our differentiated thyroid cancer survivors. Long-term survivorship care with monitoring serum TSH level, supporting return-to-work and screening for concomitant psychiatric disorders should be offered.
Evaluation of Deep Vein Thrombosis Risk Factors After Arthroscopic Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Ying Pu , Ding Wenge , Jiang Xiaowei , Xu Yue , Xue Yi , Wang Qiang , Zhu Lei , Dai Xiaoyu
Published: June 2021

We evaluated the risk factors of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) after knee arthroscopic posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction in patients with only PCL injury. From August 2014 to December 2020, a total of 172 patients who had accepted knee arthroscopic PCL reconstruction underwent the color Doppler ultrasound of bilateral lower-extremities deep veins on 3 days postoperatively. Based on the inspection results, patients were divided into DVT group (18 males and 8 females, mean age 43.62 years) and non-DVT group (108 males and 38 females, mean age 33.96 years). The potential associations of DVT risk and age, gender, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, hypertension, smoking and other factors were analyzed. An old age (OR = 1.090; 95% CI = 1.025-1.158; P = 0.006), a high BMI (OR = 1.509; 95% CI = 1.181-1.929; P = 0.001) and an increased post-surgery D-dimer (OR = 5.034; 95% CI = 2.091-12,117; P ≤ 0.001) value were significantly associated with an elevated DVT risk after knee arthroscopic PCL reconstruction. Increased age, BMI, and postoperative D-dimer were risk factors of DVT following knee arthroscopic PCL reconstruction in patients with only PCL injury.
Mindfulness Training for Children with ADHD and Their Parents: A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Valero Mónica , Cebolla Ausias , Colomer Carla
Published: June 2021

Objective:

The aim of this randomized control trial is to analyze the efficacy of a Mindfulness-based program (MYmind) in improving ADHD symptoms, associated problems, executive functions, and family functioning.

Method:

The sample was composed of 30 children (9–14 years old) with an ADHD diagnosis and their parents. Participants were randomized into two groups, the MYmind group ( n = 15) and a wait-list group ( n = 15). Participants were assessed in three time periods: pre-, post-intervention, and at 6-month follow-up.

Results:

After the program, parents reported a decrease in parenting stress and improvements in parenting styles. Six months after the intervention, parents reported significant improvements in children’s inattention symptoms, executive functions, learning problems, aggression, and peer relations. Overreactivity was the only variable that showed a decrease in both the post-test and follow-up periods.

Conclusion:

These results suggest that the MYmind program is a promising treatment for children with ADHD and their parents.
Two Facets of Emotion Dysregulation Are Core Symptomatic Domains in Adult ADHD: Results from the SR-WRAADDS, a Broad Symptom Self-Report Questionnaire
Authors: Weibel Sébastien , Bicego Floriane , Muller Sarah , Martz Emilie , Costache Mădălina Elena , Kraemer Charlotte , Bertschy Gilles , Lopez Regis , Weiner Luisa
Published: June 2021

Objectives:

Emotional dysregulation (ED) in adult ADHD is frequent but definition and tools for its evaluation are not consensual. Our aim was to determine the core ADHD symptomatic domains via the Self-Reported Wender-Reimherr Adult Attention Deficit Disorder Scale (SR-WRAADDS) following its validation in a large clinical sample of adults with ADHD and controls.

Method:

Three hundred sixty-nine adult patients with ADHD and 251 healthy participants completed the SR-WRAADDS and questionnaires about ADHD, depression, and ED. We analyzed the psychometric properties of the SR-WRAADDS and a factor analysis yielded symptomatic domains.

Results:

The SR-WRAADDS has good reliability. The 30 symptoms were best organized in a four-factor solution: attention/disorganization, hyperactivity/restlessness, impulsivity/emotional outbursts, and emotional lability.

Conclusions:

The symptomatic structure of the SR-WRAADDS includes two distinct dimensions related to ED: “impulsivity/emotional outbursts” and “emotional lability.” The SR-WRAADDS is a reliable and clinically useful tool that assesses all ADHD symptom domains, including facets of ED.
Outcomes and Predictors of Stimulant Misuse in College Students with and Without ADHD
Authors: Francis Alyssa R. , Weyandt Lisa L. , Anastopoulos Arthur D. , DuPaul George J. , Shepard Emily
Published: June 2021

In recent years, rates of prescription stimulant misuse have increased among young adults ages 18 to 25 along with increases in dispensing rates of these medications. Preliminary studies suggest that college students with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) may be more likely to misuse their stimulant medication than their non-ADHD peers. Research is needed to further explore possible rates, correlates, and outcomes of prescription stimulant misuse among college students with and without ADHD. Data regarding study strategies, psychological functioning, stimulant misuse, and GPA were collected from students from universities within the US ( N = 144), showing significantly higher rates of misuse among college students with ADHD. With depression and anxiety entered into the predictive model, inattentive symptoms were the only significant predictor of misuse in the full sample. The present findings have implications for academic interventions aimed at supporting the success of college students with and without ADHD and inform academic outcomes of prescription stimulant misuse.
Surgically induced diffuse scleritis associated with choroidal detachment following phacoemulsification surgery
Authors: Valera-Cornejo Diego Alejandro , García-Roa Marlon , Romero-Morales Verónica
Published: June 2021

Purpose:

We present a case of a hemorrhagic choroidal detachment associated with a surgical induced diffuse scleritis (SIDS) following phacoemulsification surgery.

Case report:

A-49-year-old healthy male with history of high myopia and pars-plana vitrectomy associated with 360° encircling buckle surgery years ago, who underwent phacoemulsification surgery with in-the-bag intraocular lens implantation on the right eye and developed an important 360° hemorrhagic choroidal detachment on the first-day post-surgery, 10 days later, presented SIDS. First day after surgery, best-corrected visual acuity was hands movement in the affected eye. Ten days later, the patient presented with severe ocular pain and redness on the right eye, the right sclera showed active diffuse inflammation without thinning. A normal collagen vascular profile was found and systemic vasculitic disorders were discarded. The patient responded well to systemic therapy (oral prednisone, 0.5 mg/kg/day at the beginning and then 1 mg/kg/day when scleritis appeared) and 8 weeks later, fundus examination revealed complete resolution of the hemorrhagic choroidal detachment and inflammation.

Conclusion:

A rare presentation of a surgical induced diffuse scleritis associated with choroidal detachment as an acute complication due to phacoemulsification cataract surgery was presented. Early recognition and treatment led to visual improvement and resolution of the scleritis and choroidal detachment.
A case of retinal vascular involvement in a 6-year-old patient with Covid-19
Authors: Abbinante Giulia , Plaitano Carmen , Gallo Flavio Gioele , Magli Adriano
Published: June 2021

Purpose:

This study evaluated fundus changes in a 6-year-old child who contracted Sars-CoV-2 without developing symptoms of the disease.

Materials and methods:

The patient underwent a complete ophthalmic evaluation, which included assessment of visual acuity with and without correction, extensive ophthalmological examination, cicloplegic refraction by retinoscopy and funduscopic examination, OCT, and angio-OCT examination.

Results:

Fundoscopic examination in a young patient with previous Sars-CoV-2 infection showed marked vascular tortuosity, evident both at the posterior pole and retinal periphery, especially on the arterial vasculature, and cotton wool spots along the retinal vessels, highlightable also at OCT and angio-OCT examination. These alterations persist at a 6-month follow-up.

Conclusions:

In COVID-19 infection, even in asymptomatic pediatric patients, vasculitis develops also affecting the retinal vessels, appreciable on fundus examination. A thorough eye examination in all COVID-19 patients with close follow-up is therefore important. This is the first case report on retinal changes in a pediatric patient.
Interstitial Lung Disease and its Associations in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Data from a District General Hospital in Sri Lanka
Authors: Wickrematilake Geetha
Published: June 2021

Context:

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a frequent pulmonary manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). No Sri Lankan studies have determined the prevalence of lung disease in RA and its associations.

Aims:

To find the prevalence of ILD in RA and its association with rheumatoid factor (RF), erosions, Disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS 28), disease duration, Body mass index(BMI), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), smoking, and also to determine the prevalence of lung disease with demographic factors like age, sex, and income.

Settings and Design:

Questionnaire based retrospective study at a District General Hospital in Sri Lanka.

Materials and Methods:

Diagnosed RA patients included through convenient sampling as it was a simple method that could facilitate data collection in a short duration. Since all patients with a diagnosis of RA were eligible, all consecutive patients with a diagnosis of RA at the rheumatology clinics were included in the study. To reduce the bias a large sample of patients were used as well as patients attending different rheumatology clinics were included and also patients who were referred to the hospital from peripheries were included in the study. The calculated sample size was 384 and according to patient numbers attending clinics, a period of 6 months was decided to select the study sample.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Chi-Square calculation and logistic regression analysis using Minitab 17 software.

Results:

From 384 patients, the prevalence of ILD was 14.58%, been 5.4% in early RA (<2 years disease duration). Mean age of ILD group was 52.94 years (95% CI 64.66-41.22). Mean RA duration was 7.69 years (95% CI, 2.38-12.99). Male to female sex ratio of RA was 1:7, and that of ILD was 2:9. DAS 28 was 4.58 (95% CI, 3.48-5.68). Statistically significant associations were noted with ILD and DAS 28 ( P = .0006), ESR ( P = .005), RF ( P = .03), erosions ( P < .00001), and smoking ( P < .05). Mean BMI was 22.67 kg and 75.78% had low income (<50 000 rupees/month = 327 US $).

Conclusions:

ILD significantly associates RA severity indices like DAS 28, ESR, erosions, RF, and also with smoking. No significant association was found with BMI or gender difference. Therefore, disease severity indices could be used to predict progression to ILD in RA.
Concrete Monsters of the Welfare State: Discussions of Brutalist Architecture on Social Media
Authors: Holleran Max
Published: June 2021

Brutalist architecture is an object of fascination on social media that has taken on new popularity in recent years. This article, drawing on 3,000 social media posts in Russian and English, argues that the buildings stand out for their arresting scale and their association with the expanding state in the 1960s and 1970s. In both North Atlantic and Eastern European contexts, the aesthetic was employed in publicly financed urban planning projects, creating imposing concrete structures for universities, libraries, and government offices. While some online social media users associate the style with the overreach of both socialist and capitalist governments, others are more nostalgic. They use Brutalist buildings as a means to start conversations about welfare state goals of social housing, free university, and other services. They also lament that many municipal governments no longer have the capacity or vision to take on large-scale projects of reworking the built environment to meet contemporary challenges.
(Un)felt ferments: Limning liminal professional subjectivities with pragmatist–posthuman feminism and intimate scholarship
Authors: Beavan Katie
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this paper is to illuminate liminality as processual experiences and to disrupt (hetero)normative paradigms of organizational liminality identity work. I present an intimate inquiry of liminality from within lived liminal experience. My empirical focus is on personal liminal subjectivities as they unfold in specific, psychosocial time, and spaces—my situated, changing lives as a woman executive, mature doctoral candidate, and emergent academic. The posthuman calls for multi-directional, transdisciplinary openings, and experimental forms. In this paper I make four interweaving research contributions: (1) braiding philosophies, I conceptualize a pragmatist–posthuman organic theory of liminal subjectivity; (2) I illuminate my lived liminal experiences as affectual, conscious, and semi-conscious, where my identities are unbounded from self and recast as sociomaterial, entangled productions; (3) I innovate “methodologically” with an embrocation of Dewey’s experiential and esthetic philosophical methods, a flowing mixture of sensate scholarship and the adoption of radical–reflexivities; (4) I call for a community of inquiry into liminality as part of a quest to develop knowing democratically, in partnership with practitioners and all matter. My unfinished adventure is to perform scholarship useful to academics and practitioners, which can help make our practical lived experiences of liminality more bearable and fruitful.