bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF FORMATION THE READINESS FOR CHARITY AMONG ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Klymenko I.
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to the study of psychological factors that can influence upon personal motivation and readiness for charity of adolescent. The findings can help to increase the effectiveness of programs that involve young people in charity and identify the most effective methods to form prosocial behavior of young people aimed at helping and supporting others in the long run. The purpose of the article is to investigate the influence of personal, pedagogical and socio-psychological factors on the formation of young people's readiness for charitable activity. The author analyzed the potential positive consequences of prosocial activity for adolescents, identified the main motives of charity and the specific motivation of high school students, summarized information about the factors and mechanisms of involvement and formation of charitable readiness. Analysis of the data obtained in the empirical study of adolescents from two schools with different pedagogical environment and different levels of organization of school prosocial activity, allowed to identify a number of patterns that indicate the dominant factors in the formation of adolescents readiness for charity. We have found that altruism, empathy and the dominance of values of universalism, goodness and conformity are significant personal characteristics that determine the readiness for charitable activity. Significant personal factors are polymotivation (the combination of personal and social motives for charitable activities), a high level of involvement in such activities and the availability of certain experiences. We have found that the most important environments for development of charity readiness are the family and the school. The immediate environment (project team) and the authority of the mentor, the possibility of self-realization, the reach of the result, the opportunity to receive positive emotions, the level of responsibility play a significant role in increasing the level of involvement in school projects and programs. In a school where teachers attach great importance to the prosocial activity of students in the educational process, the impact of the school environment becomes major. It determines the readiness for further charity both with the family and as a part of extracurricular activities.
SPECIAL FEATURE OFTHE COMMUNICATION BETWEEN CHILDREN IN THE INCLUSIVE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Krasilova Y. , Marchuk V.
Published: April 2020

We have considered approaches to define the concept "inclusive education". We have defined features of the communication between elder school children in the inclusive environment. Found that communication and perception of children with special needs depend much on disability form because kids with physical disabilities can more easy socialize, they are perceived better in the peer community, they are more communicated and interacted. It is proved that children's attitude to classmates with disabilities depends on attitude of their parents to the inclusiveness and inclusive environment. We have defined, that for successful introducing inclusive education and creating a comfortable environment for all we have to work directly with parents so that they understand that introducing an inclusive environment will not harm their children, but will form their tolerance skills for children with disabilities.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide parents with an understanding of the features of children with disabilities, through lectures, trainings, and viewing films about inclusive education.

Further directions for exploring effective ways of presenting information on inclusive education for children and parents are perspective, which will help to eliminate stereotypes and establish active communication in an inclusive environment.
Comprehension of legal reality: from the scientific tradition to the symbolic universe
Authors: Lomakina Irina B.
Published: April 2020

The article deals with the problem of understanding and knowledge of legal reality, from the point of view of understanding the trends of development of humanitarian knowledge in General and legal knowledge in particular. The limitations of classical approaches and the need for their methodological updating are pointed out. The connection of law with the socio-cultural context that determines its specificity is revealed. Social reality is a complex multidimensional and multilayered system consisting of many social institutions (constructs). All social institutions, including in the sphere of legal life, are intersubjective (both objective and subjective). The process of formation of legal knowledge is considered in the institutional and related areas of discourse analysis and theory of social representations. The article states that what a person constructs contains subjective and objective at the same time and in sociological phenomenology such combination is called as intersubjectivity. Intersubjectivity is considered in terms of human dimension. Human dimension acts as a filter between people and a conditional objective situation, which is accompanied by subjective experiences, such as expectations, needs, interests, etc. it is Noted that the objective and subjective exist in an indissoluble dialectical connection. It is argued that the knowledge of this reality is a complex process, which includes institutional acts of knowledge and understanding. Special importance in this process is given to objectification, internalization and legitimation. At the same time, it is legitimation that has cognitive and normative aspects, since it is connected with the value and cognitive (knowledge, understanding) subsystems of consciousness. The connection of the symbolic universe with the legal life is pointed out.
Transformation of the mechanisms functioning of law enforcement in the conditions of digitalization
Authors: Prokhorova Eugenia N.
Published: April 2020

This article is devoted to the study of the problems of interaction of law enforcement agencies in the field of countering modern security threats. In this connection, it justifies the need to create a mechanism for the joint operation of security and security elements of the law enforcement system through the prism of the main trends of law enforcement policy, allowing to draw conclusions about how the features of this process affect the quality of law enforcement. At the same time, the influence of the features of the law enforcement mechanism is connected with the minimization of its costs on the effectiveness of the activities of security agencies at the expense of provisional funds.

It is noted that the current stage of development of society is characterized by the transformation of many legal relations, including and law enforcement. However, the use of information technologies by terrorists causes, perhaps, most of all the issues for the resolution of which the forms of interaction of law enforcement agencies that ensure the integration of their activities are proposed.

By the example of the problem of countering telephone terrorism with the use of modern technical achievements, the importance of the integrated interaction of law enforcement units, which the author regards as a tool to increase the effectiveness of law enforcement, is shown. It was noted that objectively existing needs for the integration of the actions of states in the suppression, prevention and punishment of such crimes, lead to the intensification of international cooperation in the designated area.

Special attention is paid to the Kaliningrad region because of its autonomy and vulnerability due to its remoteness from the main territory of the country and its environment to states that pose a potential threat to the security of the Russian Federation. The author formulates conclusions on the results of the study.
The proceeding of the amending the constitution of Russian federation: comparative analysis
Authors: Tregubov Mikhail V.
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to analysis of the provisions of the constitutions of the Russian Federation and the French Republic on the procedure for amending the text of the Constitution. On the premise of the legal and socio-political proximity of the constitutional systems of the Russian Federation and the Fifth French Republic, the author makes a comparative analysis of the provisions of the Constitution of Russia of 1993 year and the French Constitution of 1958 year, paying particular attention to the point of making changes and amendments into the text of the Main laws of Russia and France.

According to the author, the Constitution, as the Supreme standard of the legal system of the State, its basis, should not become incapable of correction, static construct. For a truly democratic strengthening of the Constitution it is important to give the society the opportunity to modify it. Stiffness adjustment rules the Constitution can justify the theoretical considerations, international experience, technical problems that arise because of additions to the text, as well as the loss of credibility of the Constitution as the basic law.

The article shows that the three-tier constitutional structure upgrade in Russia justifies itself in terms of the hierarchy of values. It is advisable to make or even exclude the procedure of changing the basic law and aspects relating to the State and national sovereignty; application of several simplified, lightweight procedures not only permissible but desirable in the case of the adoption of the amendments, which are associated with the device of the public authorities. However, according to the author, the mechanism must be employed for the review of the Constitution, not declarative, as the request for convening the constitutional Light in case of revision of the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The French Constitution, establishing more concise mechanism changes, allows more flexibility to shift constitutional paradigms. In the end, the conclusion about the possibility of using the unique experience of French Constitutional reforms in Russia.
The use of digital technologies in the implementation of prosecutorial oversight of the implementation of laws in the admission, registration and resolution of reports of crime (legal and organizational aspects)
Authors: Isaenko Vyacheslav N.
Published: April 2020

The article discusses some issues of the use digital technology in the implementation of prosecutorial supervision over the implementation of laws in the reception, registration and resolution of reports of crimes in the bodies of preliminary investigation. Active use of digital technologies in this area of supervisory activities is extremely relevant and practical justified as a necessary condition for prompt receipt, objective assessment of information on the legality and validity of actions and decisions of subjects receiving, registering and resolving crime reports, and the event of their wrongfulness taking appropriate situations, organizational and practical measures of the prosecutors response.

According to the author, it is necessary to expand the range of information processed using the appropriate software product. It is proposed to organize the acquisition of data on the results of the investigation of a crime, criminal case about which, as a result of the identification by prosecutors of criminal violations of federal laws, human and civil rights and freedoms, as well as on the results of the work on the search for the missing.

In connection whit the regulatory gaps in the use of digital technologies in law enforcement, in is proposed to issue a federal law On Single Record of Crimes, including defining the responsibility of the heads of preliminary investigation bodies to immediately inform prosecutors about the allegations and reports about crimes received.
Pembatasan Usia Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Anak dalam Peraturan Perundang-Undangan
Authors: Satya Prema I Ketut Arjuna , Ruba'i Masruchin , Aprilianda Nurini
Published: April 2020

This article aims to discuss the age of criminal responsibility of children according to statutory regulations in Indonesia and the legis ratio of determining the age of child responsibility according to Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Criminal Justice System for Children. The study uses normative legal research with a statutory approach. The results of the study show that three regulations are governing the age limit for a child to be held criminally responsible, namely the Criminal Code Act, Law Number 3 of 1997 concerning Juvenile Court, Law Number 11 of 2011 concerning the Criminal Justice System for Children. These three regulations differ in determining the minimum limit for a child to be held liable for criminal liability. Psychological, sociological, and pedagogical aspects are the base for the ratio of the legal determination of the minimum age of 12 years in the Criminal Justice System for Children.
Pelaksanaan Pendidikan Politik Melalui Pembelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan untuk Meningkatkan Kesadaran Politik Siswa
Authors: Rahman Asmika , Suharno Suharno
Published: April 2020

This article describes the implementation of political education through learning Pancasila and Civic Education learning to increase the political awareness of students in Abu Bakar Integrated Islamic High School Yogyakarta. This research used descriptive qualitative method. This study gathers data use interviews, observation, and documentation. The results showed that the implementation of political education through learning Pancasila and Civic Education learning was using the 2013 Curriculum and KTSP, the development of the material, and the use of learning models. Factors that support the implementation of political education are the application of a national curriculum, professional teachers, extracurricular activities, and the availability of facilities.
Pertanggungjawaban Keuangan Partai Politik yang Bersumber dari Anggaran Pendapatan Belanja Negara dan Anggaran Pendapatan Belanja Daerah
Authors: Abadi Songga Aurora
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this article is to describe the procedures for the financial accountability of political parties obtained from the State Budget (APBN) or the Local Government Budget (APBD) and the substance of the political party accountability report. The study method uses sociological juridical with case studies. Data collection uses interviews and documentation studies. Political parties obtain funds sourced from the APBN or APBD according to the number of votes obtained at the national level (DPR), provincial (Provincial DPRD), and city/regency (City/Regency DPRD). The use of funds following regulations must allocate a minimum of 60% for political education. Political parties must report financial accountability to the government and the public. Supreme Audit Agency (BPK) audit the financial report. The financial report of political parties in the province is transparent. Financial report has been reported to the government and the public by political parties. The report is not yet sufficiently accountable because the use of finance is still not under the party's statutes/by-laws.
Implikasi Hukum Penggunaan Data Pribadi Pihak Ketiga Terhadap Keabsahan Perjanjian Pinjam Meminjam Uang Berbasis Teknologi Informasi
Authors: Pardana I Nyoman Adi , Sihabudin Sihabudin , Puspitawati Dhiana
Published: April 2020

This study focuses on discussing the validity of information technology-based loan contracts and the use of third party personal data for company activities in the event of default. This study uses a normative juridical method with a legislative approach and a case approach. Loan contracts use legitimate electronic transactions if there is a contract of the parties that bind themselves. An information technology-based loan contracts to borrow money using third party personal data without permission will not cancel the contract. A third party can apply to the court to cancel himself as a party involved in the agreement.
Sanksi Pidana Kerja Sosial Terhadap Tindak Pidana Ringan Sebagai Upaya Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana Nasional
Authors: Slat Teafani Kaunang
Published: April 2020

This study aims to evaluate the provisions related to social service crime in the draft criminal law (R-KUHP) in the act of national criminal law reform. The study uses a normative juridical with a statue approach. The urgency of social service as the main criminal sanction against minor offenses can be justified through a combined criminal theory. Social service appropriate in the case of minor criminal offenses because this criminal has the advantage, i.e., the criminal sanction is punitive and still maintaining that the perpetrator can reintegrate into the community. The provisions of social service in the R-KUHP are quite complete and comprehensive. But several things can be noted, i.e., the need for adjustments to several clauses in the R-KUHP related to the provisions of social service and assessment to test the defendant’s readiness to work in the community needs to be more oriented towards community safety.
AKTUALISASI PEMUDA DALAM PROPAGANDA POLITIK DI DUNIA VIRTUAL
Authors: Idayati Nur , Afkarina Femiana
Published: April 2020

Artikel ini memfokuskan pada isu pemuda, politik dan Reality of The Virtual. Secara konseptual argumentasi yang dibangun oleh peneliti merujuk pada kehidupan pemuda hari ini, tidak terlepas dari perkembangan teknologi terutama yang disebut dengan internet. Era tersebut sebagaimana disebut sebagai revolusi 4.0, merepresentasikan realitas yang tidak lagi didasarakan pada persoalan materialitas, tetapi menempatkan materialitas sebagai bentuk yang dapat direproduksi melalui teknologi. Silang sengkarut antara yang asli dan asali menjadi hal yang tak lagi layak diperdebatkan dalam konteks ini. Apa yang muncul dan direpresentasikan dalam ruang-ruang digital menjadi bentuk pemuda dalam menghadirkan dirinya atau strategi eksperimentasi. Disatu sisi politik eksperimentasi ini menjadi bagian dari artikulasi identitas, tetapi disisi lain persoalan non eksperimentasi patut pertanyakan secara sosiologis. Dalam konteks ini, narasi subjek digital yang hadir dalam Reality Of The Virtual menjadi krusial, khususnya dalam era politik pemuda yang menempatkan pemuda sebagai objek yang diasumsikan kosong dan direbut oleh jejaring politik. Asumsi kekosongan pemuda merujuk pada pengalaman empiris mereka, khsusnya pada posisi historis yang kemudian dikonstruksikan masuk pada era politik popular. Karena, persoalan bagaimana eksperimentasi politik pemuda? Menjadi isu utama yang dinarasikan dengan analisis Michel Foucault tentang relasi kuasa dan Slavoj Zizek tentang Reality Of The Virtual. Sebagai konsekuensi metodologis, analisis diskursif menjadi cara peneliti dalam menarasikan politik pemuda. Dalam penelitian ini, eksperimtasi politik pemuda hadir sebagai konsekuensi dari revolusi 4.0 dan khususnya menjadi cara pemuda untuk merepresentasikan identitasnya. Kata Kunci: Diskursus, Eksperimentasi, Kuasa, Politik Pemuda, Reality Of The VirtualDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um021v3i12018p036
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE MAKE A MATCH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR DALAM MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS SISWA KELAS 4 SD NEGERI 03 SAMBIGEDE
Authors: Andriado Ifan , Rahmatillah Hamida Zama , Pebriana Dinda Ayu
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan penerapan dan hasil siklus dari model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe make a match untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar dalam mata pelajaran bahasa Inggris siswa kelas 4 SD Negeri 03 Sambigede. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Subjek penelitian yaitu siswa kelas 4 SD Negeri 03 Sambigede tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 yang berjumlah 29 anak. Dalam penelitian tindakan kelas ini, dilakukan dalam dua siklus tindakan. Setiap siklus tindakan terdiri atas perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan refleksi tindakan. Proses pengumpulan data diperoleh dari observasi, dan tes untuk mengukur hasil belajar siswa. Berdasarkan data yang didapatkan setelah pelaksanaan tindakan pada siklus I dan II membuktikan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe make a match dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas 4 SDN Sambigede 3 dalam mata pelajaran bahasa Inggris. Pernyataan tersebut dapat dibuktikan dari peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada keseluruhan proses pembelajaran. Presentase ketuntasan pada siklus I adalah sebesar 65,5%, dan presentase ketuntasan pada siklus ke II adalah sebesar 72,4%. Dari presentase tersebut terjadi peningkatan presentase ketuntasan dri siklus I ke siklus II sebesar 7,9%. Kata Kunci: Make a Match, Penelitian Tindakan Kelas, Hasil Belajar.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um021v3i12018p009
FAKTOR SOSIO BUDAYA YANG MEMPENGARUHI KONFLIK TANAH DALAM MASYARAKAT MINANGKABAU (STUDI SENGKETA KONFLIK ANTARA SUKU TANJUNG MANGGOPOH DENGAN NAGARI TIKU V JORONG KABUPATEN AGAM)
Authors: Syatri Syatri , Eriyanti Fitri , Erianjoni Erianjoni
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi konflik tanah di masyarakat Minangkabau khususnya sengketa konflik tanah ulayat antara Suku Tanjung Manggopoh dengan Nagari Tiku V Jorong Di Kabupaten Agam. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang berusaha mengungkap data sesuai dengan kenyataan di lapangan. Informan penelitian adalah unsur-unsur kepemimpinan nagari, unsur-unsur pemimpin adat, unsur pemerintah, dan masyarakat awam. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa faktor sosial budaya yang mempengaruhi konflik tanah dalam masyarakat Minangkabau adalah: 1) Tradisi lisan (kaba) dalam menentukan batas adat. Terjadinya konflik ketika tradisi lisan bertentangan dengan tradisi penulisan. Setiap pihak akan mempertimbangkan partai yang paling benar menurut bukti masing-masing. 2) Sistem kepemilikan tanah yang beragam di Minangkabau. Hal ini terjadi ketika tanah nagari diberikan kepada suku untuk mengelolanya tetapi para pemimpin suku menganggap bahwa ulayat milik suku mereka secara keseluruhan. Kedua faktor ini jika tidak segera diselesaikan oleh pihak berwenang, terutama pemimpin tradisional maka konflik akan terus berlangsung dan menghantui kehidupan masyarakat di Minangkabau.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um021v3i22018p110
KONFLIK ALAT TANGKAP IKAN DI DESA TELUK PAMBANG KABUPATEN BENGKALIS
Authors: Karisma Pebri , Fatmariza Fatmariza , Fatimah Siti , Ikhsan Rizal
Published: April 2020

Penelitian dengan lokasi di Desa Teluk Pambang Kecamatan Bantan Kabupaten Bengkalis Provinsi Riau, bertujuan untuk: (1) mengkaji akar sosial konflik antar nelayan di Desa Teluk Pambang; (2) menganalisis dampak sosial yang terjadi didalam konflik antar nelayan; (3) menganalisis model kebijakan sosial untuk resolusi konflik antar nelayan di Desa Teluk Pambang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskrptif dan bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi konflik yang terjadi antara nelayan tradisional dan nelayan modern di Desa Teluk Pambang Kecamatan Bantan Kabupaten Bengkalis. Dalam pengumpulan data, peneliti bertindak sebagai instrumen penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi partisipasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, audio visual. Data dianalisis dengan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: (1) akar sosial konflik yang melibatkan nelayan tradisional dan nelayan modern adalah penggunaan alat tangkap yang tidak sesuai dengan jalur yang sudah ditetapkan dalam Permen-Kp/2016 Nomor 71 Tentang Jalur Penangkapan Ikan dan Penempatan Alat Penangkapan Ikan dan adanya modifikasi alat tangkap yang dilakukan oleh nelayan modern sebagai alasan menghemat biaya alat tangkap (2) dampak sosial yang ditimbulkan dalam pengoperasian alat tangkap yaitu ekosistem laut menjadi rusak dan nelayan tradisional mengalami kesulitan dalam melakukan penangkapan ikan; (3) model kebijakan yang diterapkan oleh pemerintah yaitu Peraturan Gubernur Riau No. 17 Tahun 2006 tentang Penghentian Sementara Penggunaan Alat Penangkapan Ikan Jenis Jaring Batu (Bottom Gillnet) dan mengadakan mediasi dan negosiasi dalam uapaya mengatasi konflik alat tangkap.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um021v3i22018p098
PENGARUH PELATIHAN, JIWA KORSA DAN KERJA TIM TERHADAP KINERJA PRAJURIT BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI
Authors: Marsono Marsono
Published: April 2020

Special Forces of the Indonesian Air Force, is a force that has special advantages. The 'more special force' was called the Bravo 90 Unit, whose members consisted of a number of selected Paskhas personnel. The performance of this unit is very much needed in the context of completing tasks to support the main tasks of the Air Force. The purpose of this research is to look at performances that can be influenced by various variables including the training variables, the soul of the body and teamwork. Research using quantitative methods and path analysis techniques with survey design. The development of information technology can be used as a supporting device in achieving the desired performance. The results showed there was a positive direct effect of training on soldier performance, esprit de corps on soldier performance, teamwork on soldier performance, training on teamwork, esprit de corps on teamwork, and teamwork on esprit de corps. So that the variables that can affect the performance need to be fostered continuously cohesiveness in order to improve the performance of information technology-based soldiers.http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um021v4i22019p125
Evaluation of a Bovine Rapid Visual PAG ELISA Test and Transabdominal Ultrasonography for Early Pregnancy Diagnosis in Awassi Sheep
Authors: AKKÖSE Mehmet
Published: April 2020

The aim of this study was to evaluate two different methods (a bovine rapid visual PAG ELISA test and transabdominal ultrasonography) for early diagnosis of pregnancy in Awassi sheep. The ewes used in this study (n=50) were hand-mated in June of 2019 and lambed in October of 2019. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed 34-38 days after mating by rapid visual PAG ELISA test and transabdominal ultrasonography in standing position. The diagnostic test characteristics of both methods were calculated using lambing results as a gold standard. Kappa analysis was conducted to analyze the agreement between each pregnancy diagnosis method and the lambing results. McNemar's analysis and the comparison of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves demonstrated that there was no significant difference between the pregnancy diagnosis methods and lambing results (p ≤ 0.05). According to the lambing results, it was determined that, of the 50 ewes, 42 (84%) were pregnant and 8 (16%) were not. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of rapid visual PAG ELISA and transabdominal ultrasonography were 97.6%, 62.5%, 93.2%, 83.3%, 92% and 95.2%, 100%, 100%, 80%, 96%, respectively. The Kappa coefficient was 0.669 (good agreement) between rapid visual PAG ELISA and lambing, and 0.865 (very good agreement) between transabdominal ultrasonography and lambing. In McNemar’s analysis, no difference was found between the pregnancy diagnosis methods and lambing results. ROC analysis revealed that the areas under the curves were 0.801 and 0.976 for rapid visual PAG ELISA and transabdominal ultrasonography, respectively, and the difference between the two pregnancy diagnosis methods was statistically insignificant. In conclusion, both rapid visual PAG ELISA and transabdominal ultrasonography in standing position proved to be practical and reliable methods for pregnancy diagnosis as of day 34 post-mating in Awassi ewes.
Seed Morphology of Some Barbarea (Brassicaceae) Taxa
Authors: ŞİRİN Emrah , ERTUĞRUL Kuddisi
Published: April 2020

The seed macro- and micromorphologies of four taxa (Barbarea auriculata Hausskn. ex Bornm. var. auriculata, Barbarea trichopoda Hausskn. ex Bornm., Barbarea verna (Mill.) Asch. and Barbarea vulgaris R. Br. subsp. vulgaris) belonging to Barbarea R. Br. were investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Significance of seed features as taxonomic characters including seed color, shape, winged, measures, seed coat pattern were determined. Two coat patterns were observed; irregularly-reticulate and tuberculate-reticulate, and three shapes were distinguished; broadly oblong, oblong and broadly elliptic. The results showed that the morphological characteristics of seed could be contribute as criteria to distinguish taxa. This is the first SEM study about seed surface of any Barbarea taxa.
Post-harvesting of cut flowers and ornamental plants
Authors: Menegaes Janine Farias , Nunes Ubirajara Russi , Bellé Rogério Antonio , Backes Fernanda Alice Antonello Londero
Published: April 2020

The preservation of floral stems aims to prolong durability, maintain quality and reduce losses after harvesting, leading to a longer shelf life and commercialization of these products. In that there is a storage period, especially, of cut plants relatively short between seven and 15 days, this being one of the most important stages of the floricultural sector, ensuring the maintenance of the balance of the distribution market to the final consumer. The high perishability of the floral stems requires specific pre- and postharvest handling contributing positively to its conservation. In cut plants, such as the floral stems, there is an intensification of the physiological processes to maintain its metabolism right after harvest, when the plant leaves the plant and discontinues the supply of water and nutrients, resulting in the acceleration of its senescence. Thus, the understanding of the metabolism of the conservation of the floral stems gives the producer and the consumer products without changes in their aesthetic and qualitative aspect. Thus, the objective of the present study was to carry out a review of the post-harvest literature on cut flowers and ornamental plants, including pre- and post-harvest factors, solutions and preservative components.
Production of BRS Itaim cowpea cultivar based on plant population density
Authors: Pivetta Laerte Gustavo , Olibone Dácio , Silva Edvan Costa da , Olibone Ana Paula , Keres Gilberto , Júnior José Ângelo Nogueira de Menezes
Published: April 2020

Cowpea has great potential for cultivation and rotation in Mato Grosso State and in Brazilian Cerrado due to the large area available in these locations in the off-season. The aim of the current study is to analyze the yield of cowpea  (BRS Itaim cultivar) grown in non-irrigated soil in Sorriso County-MT, based on plant population density. The experiment was carried out in commercial area, on March 8, 2015; it followed a randomized block design, with six population densities and four replicates. Population densities comprising 80, 120, 160, 200, 240, and 280 thousand plants per hectare were used in the experiment. Experimental plots encompassed four 5-meter-long rows with 0.45-meter spacing between them. Final plant stand (plants ha-1), number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, pod length (cm), weight of one hundred grains (g) and grain yield (kg ha-1) in the useful plot were evaluated at harvest time. The number of pods per plant has linearly decreased as population density increased. The number of seeds per pod, pod length and weight of one hundred grains did not change due to population density. Population density of 230 thousand plants ha-1 has enabled the highest grain yield under the tested conditions.
Dry matter productivity and soil physical properties after winter cover crops cultivation
Authors: Deimling Katiely Aline Anschau , Seidel Edleusa Pereira , Rosset Jean Sérgio , Mottin Marcos Cesar , Herrmann Daniela Da Rocha , Favorito Amanda Cecato
Published: April 2020

The present study aimed to evaluate the dry matter yield of cover crops cultivated in monoculture and intercropped in a no-till system and its effects on the soil physical properties. The experimental design was of randomized blocks, with four replicates. Treatments used were black oat, black oat + forage radish, forage radish, black oat + field pea, field pea and the control (fallow). After 100 days after sowing the cover crops, the dry matter yield was evaluated, with the highest values found in the intercropped crops. After desiccation, undeformed soil samples were collected for the determination of macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity and soil bulk density in the 0 - 0,10; 0,10 - 0,20; 0,20 - 0,30 and 0,30 - 0,40 m layers. Soil penetration resistance was evaluated with a digital penetrometer. The intercrop of black oat with field pea and with forage radish provided the highest dry matter yield, showing the potential of dry matter accumulation in relation to monoculture. The cover crops were capable of improving the macroporosity, bulk density and soil penetration resistance when compared to the fallow area (control); however, they had no influence in soil aggregation due to the high compaction degree in the area.
Growth of seedlings in banana plant cv. Prata Catarina micropropagated in organic substrates
Authors: Cardoso Edvaldo Renner da Costa , Silva Francisco Nildo da , Maia Sandra Sely Silveira , Hernandez Fernando Felipe Ferreyra , Santos Rosemery Alesandra Firmino dos , Nazareno Lailla Sabrina Queiroz
Published: April 2020

In commercial bananas there is an increasing increase for seedlings of high genetic quality and free of pathogens; thus, the use of micropropagation has been increasingly encouraged for the production of seedlings. However, the success of establishing these seedlings in the environment depends on several factors, in which, the substrate has a relevant role. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of micropropagated banana seedlings under the influence of different formulations of substrates based on soil, bovine manure and vegetable ash for organic production system. The experiment was carried out on a certified rural property under an organic production system in the municipality of Palmácia (CE). The experimental design used was completely randomized, with four replications. The substrates were used in a ratio of 2:1, always two parts of soil for one of substrate, which was used: soil (ravine soil), organic compost (bovine manure + vegetal remains), bovine manure and vegetable ash (from sugar cane mill). The test was conducted in full sun and without the aid of irrigation, as the experiment coincided with the rainy season in the region. At 68 days after planting (DAP), growth analyzes were carried out: plant height, diameter of the pseudostem, number of leaves, length of roots, fresh and dry mass of aerial part and roots. The best substrates for the growth of micropropagated banana seedlings cv. Prata Catarina were mixtures of soil + organic compost and soil + manure.
Field development of physalis species produced in different shading levels
Authors: Villa Fabíola , Mezzalira Éder Junior , Piva André Luiz , Silva Daniel Fernandes da , Silva Luciana Sabini da
Published: April 2020

The objective of this work was to verify the fixation and development in the field and later production of Physalis seedlings species produced in different levels of shading. The treatments were composed by Physalis seedlings formed in different environment with shading and four species. The conduction system adopted was “V”. The seedlings survival rate, number of internodes, flowers number, number of fruit per plant, average fruit biomass per plant, yield and titratable acidity of fruits were evaluated. At the end of the production period, the stem diameter was evaluated. The experimental design was a randomized blocks, 4 x 4 factorial scheme (cultivation environments x species), with four replications. Seedlings produced in an environment of 25% were the ones that presented the highest survival rate when transplanting the field, favoring a greater glue of the seedlings. It was observed an increase of the fruits fresh biomass and the biomass of fruit per plant, and a higher number of fruit per plant in an environment with 25% of shading, and consequently the environment that had the highest fruit yield.
Productivity of cassava grown on Marandu grass straw managed through diferent grazing intensities
Authors: Gobbi Katia Fernanda , Takahashi Mario , Fidalski Jonez
Published: April 2020

For cassava farming, conventional soil preparation is traditionally used. However, in recent years, some producers have been showing interest in adopting no-tillage system. We evaluated the cassava yield in conventional tillage or no-tillage systems with marandu grass straw, as well as the straw decomposition and the physical and chemical soil attributes. A completely randomized design with five treatments and four replicates was used. The treatments were no-tillage (NT 0% - no-grazing pasture; NT 25%, NT 50%, NT 75% - grazing intensities to obtain an intake of 25%, 50% and 75% of forage mass, by animals) and conventional tillage (CT 50% - grazing intensity to obtain an intake of 50% of forage mass, before tillage). The soil tillage did not influence fresh and dry weight of cassava roots, with averages of 31.84 and 10.88 Mg ha-1. After 448 days of cassava planting, straw decomposition did not differ between treatments, with an average value of 53%. The half-life time of straw was 221, 218, 263 and 321 days to treatments NT 0%, NT 25%, NT 50%, NT 75%, respectively. We observed that soil physical quality was improved in no-tillage treatment NT 50%, when compared to CT 50%. The residual straw of Marandu grass did not influence the cassava yield in no-tillage, when compared to conventional tillage. Part of the forage available in the pasture can be used for animal feed, before cassava planting.
Guías de Práctica Clínica en Colombia
Authors: Gómez-Sánchez Pío Iván , Gaitán Duarte Hernando
Published: April 2020

En el presente número continuamos con la publicación de las Guías de Práctica Clínica (GPC) para el Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud de Colombia. La versión publicada corresponde a una adaptación en formato de revista médica de acuerdo con las normas internacionales para este tipo de publicaciones (1). Las versiones completas y cortas fueron publicadas recientemente por el Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social (2).Las GPC se definen como un conjunto de recomendaciones desarrolladas de forma sistemática para ayudar a profesionales y pacientes a tomar decisiones sobre la atención sanitaria más apropiada, y a seleccionar las opciones diagnósticas o terapéuticas más adecuadas a la hora de abordar un problema de salud o una condición clínica específica (3).Las GPC se empiezan a producir entre los años cincuenta y setenta, con un importante incremento a partir de los años ochenta que finaliza con el mandato de la Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ) de producir guías clínicas en Estados Unidos (4). En la actualidad se han convertido en una propuesta de los sistemas de salud para mejorar la calidad, disminuir la heterogeneidad de la atención médica y hacer más organizado y eficiente el manejo de los recursos (5, 6). También surgen de la comunidad médica, en un intento por preservar la autonomía en un medio cada vez más restrictivo por las presiones de los entes financiadores (7). En los últimos años, muchos países han acumulado gran experiencia en el desarrollo, la evaluación e implementación de guías de práctica clínica en ámbitos profesionales, institucionales, regionales y nacionales, reconociendo que las guías son una herramienta clave para mejorar la calidad y pertinencia de los servicios de salud (8-10). El consenso necesario para elaborar guías fue posible gracias a nuevas técnicas como el método Delphi (11) y los ensayos clínicos controlados que se convirtieron progresivamente en el estándar de oro para la evaluación de terapias (12), y las metodologías que fundamentan la aproximación de la medicina basada en las pruebas, tales como la definición de preguntas contestables, las búsquedas sistemáticas y la aproximación crítica a la calidad de la literatura médica (13).
Lactancia materna: prevalencia de grietas y dolor en mujeres que amamantan, región de la Araucanía, Temuco, Chile. 2010-2011
Authors: Prieto-Gómez Ruth , Baeza-Weinmann Bernardita
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: en Chile, el apoyo a la lactancia ha sido significativo para el impacto en la salud del niño, la madre, su familia y la comunidad. Este apoyo se evidencia a través de la implementación de políticas públicas, educación y legislación para fomentar la lactancia exclusiva hasta el sexto mes de vida. A pesar de lo anterior, en el país la prevalencia de la lactancia materna hasta el sexto mes no alcanza el 50%, siendo una de las dificultades relacionadas con este problema la aparición temprana de fisuras y grietas del pezón. Dado que se desconoce el número de mujeres con fisuras y grietas, el objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la prevalencia de grietas del pezón en puérperas en los primeros días de lactancia así como las prácticas de los trabajadores de la salud respecto a la lactancia materna.Materiales y métodos: corte transversal, muestra por conveniencia. Se entrevistaron 343 mujeres durante su estadía posparto en la maternidad del hospital Hernán Henríquez Aravena de Temuco, Chile, centro de referencia de la región de la Araucanía en el sur de Chile, todas ellas madres de recién nacidos de término, sanos y menores de cuatro días de vida. El periodo del estudio fue entre julio de 2010 a septiembre de 2011. Se utilizó un instrumento que contiene variables biodemográficas y clínicas, aplicado por matronas. Se realiza análisis descriptivo.Resultados: la prevalencia de fisura fue de 24,5%, la de grieta de 21,6% y dolor al amamantar, 38,5%. Un 14% de las mujeres no recibieron información sobre lactancia en el control prenatal.Conclusiones: la prevalencia encontrada de fisura y grieta plantea la necesidad de efectuar un diagnóstico y tratamiento temprano para disminuir el riesgo de destete precoz.
Guía de Práctica Clínica para el abordaje de las complicaciones hipertensivas asociadas al embarazo
Authors: Buitrago-Gutiérrez Giancarlo , Castro-Sanguino Alejandro , Cifuentes-Borrero Rodrigo , Ospino-Guzmán Martha Patricia , Arévalo-Rodríguez Ingrid , Gómez-Sánchez Pío Iván , Desarrollador de la Guía Representantes Grupo
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: realizar recomendaciones para la atención de las complicaciones hipertensivas en el embarazo como parte integral de la “Guía de Práctica Clínica (GPC) para la prevención, detección temprana y tratamiento de las complicaciones del embarazo en Colombia”.Materiales y métodos: el grupo desarrollador de la Guía (GDG) elaboró esta GPC durante 2011-2012 acorde con la Guía Metodológica para la elaboración de Guías de Atención Integral en el Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud colombiano, basándose en la evidencia científica disponible y sumando la participación activa de grupos de pacientes, sociedades científicas y grupos de interés. En particular, la evidencia de esta sección fue adaptada de la GPC “Hypertension in pregnancy: the management of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy” (National Institute of Care and Health Excellence - NICE - 2010) y actualizada por medio de procedimientos sistemáticos, tanto para la búsqueda y valoración de la evidencia como para la generación de recomendaciones. El nivel de evidencia y la fuerza de las recomendaciones fueron expresados por medio del sistema del Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN).Resultados: se presentan las recomendaciones para la atención de las complicaciones hipertensivas en el embarazo. Estas incluyen cambios en la conducta del personal de salud y las instituciones para aumentar la probabilidad de obtener un resultado materno-fetal exitoso en las gestaciones con estas condiciones.Conclusiones: se presenta una versión resumida de las recomendaciones y evidencia para la atención de las complicaciones hipertensivas en el embarazo, la cual se espera sea adoptada por los profesionales de salud encargados de la atención del embarazo en el país para disminuir la morbilidad y mortalidad asociada a la gestación.
De la observación microscópica de los cromosomas en el cariotipo a los array-CGH en el diagnóstico prenatal
Authors: Saldarriaga-Gil Wilmar
Published: April 2020

Introducción: el cariotipo ha sido la prueba de oro para el análisis cromosómico en el diagnóstico prenatal en los últimos cuarenta años; sin embargo, a partir del 2011 se publican múltiples artículos y los primeros meta-análisis que muestran posibles ventajas de los array-CGH (del inglés array-comparative genomic hibridization) sobre el cariotipo en el diagnóstico prenatal.Objetivo: hacer una reflexión acerca del uso de array-CGH en el diagnóstico prenatal y mostrar algunas de las potenciales ventajas y desventajas de esta prueba molecular con relación al cariotipo, así como su aplicación por obstetras, perinatólogos y especialistas en medicina materno-fetal.Conclusión: los a-CGH son una nueva alternativa en el análisis cromosómico en el diagnóstico prenatal en fetos con anomalías anatómicas; pueden usarse en todos los casos en que se justifique una intervención invasiva en el diagnóstico prenatal de alteraciones cromosómicas, y es probable que los array-CGH reemplacen al cariotipo en el diagnóstico prenatal en esta década.
The Development of Wine Tourism in Atypical Wine Regions: the Challenge of Multistakeholder Cooperation?
Authors: Vos Katleen
Published: April 2020

In the last decades, worldwide wine tourism has been steadily progressing and has grown substantially as a research object. Several academic papers treat strategies for development and management of wine tourism. This paper aims to describe recent trends in wine tourism, and more specifi­cally, the development of wine tourism in atypical wine regions. Therefore, it synthesises the key findings from the second UNWTO wine tourism conference. Furthermore, it argues that the successful development of wine tourism is not an exact science. Emerging wine destinations often have many dif­ficulties to overcome. Using literature review and case studies, it explores the possibilities to create successful destinations and highlights the impor­tance of co-operation, co-creation within networks and creativity to create value for wine tourism destinations.
Byzantine Themes in Polish High School Liberal Arts Education
Authors: Jurek Krzysztof , Kozieł Jacek
Published: April 2020

The authors focus how Byzantine motifs are presented in the teaching of humanities subjects. The question of the presence of Byzantine motifs is essentially one about the presence of Byzantine heritage in Polish culture. With reference to two school subjects – Polish and History – the authors seek to establish what Polish school students are taught about the reach of Byzantine culture. Present-day teaching of both political and cultural history is underpinned by Occidentalism. Only occasionally is attention paid to the “Eastern” features of Poland’s past. A good example of this is the treatment of one of the most important Polish literary texts, the school perennial, Bogurodzica. This draws on Greek religious hymns, contain words originating in the Greek liturgy, and also alludes to a particular type of icon. Accordingly, the connections between the oldest Polish literary text and Byzantine culture are very clear. However, when classroom teachers discuss Bogurodzica with their pupils, detailing the above-mentioned features, are they aware that this text is an epitome of the presence of Byzantine motifs in Polish literature? Apparently not. With regard to the teaching of history, Byzantine motifs can be approached from at least three angles; in terms of imperial political events, in terms of religious (Eastern rite) aspects of Byzantine culture, and finally in terms of awareness of connections between Polish culture and Eastern rite Christianity, as well as Eastern nations and states viewed as heirs of Byzantine culture. In Polish history there has been a side-lining of the nation’s break with Eastern Christianity even though during certain periods this was the faith of half the Commonwealth’s inhabitants. The marginalisation of this topic does not simply impose a limit on knowledge but it prevents the understanding of particular aspects of our history.