bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alianza y recelo en el México de la transición: ¿cómo retrata la prensa local a la sociedad civil a 20 años de la alternancia federal?
Authors: Salazar Rebolledo Grisel
Published: March 2021

El periodismo y la sociedad civil son actores fundamentales para los procesos de transición democrática. A 20 años de la primera alternancia en el poder federal, es preciso hacer un balance de la manera en la que estos actores se interrelacionan. Si bien la literatura asume una relación virtuosa entre ambos, especialmente para la exigencia de derechos y para iniciar procesos de rendición de cuentas, hay evidencia de que la sociedad civil no necesariamente respalda la función periodística, lo que se hace patente en la creciente desconfianza hacia los medios impresos y en la extendida indiferencia frente a la violencia. Aquí se propone que este recelo está motivado por la manera en la que la prensa ha cubierto a la sociedad civil. A partir de una base de datos original de los dos principales periódicos de cada estado, en este trabajo se identifican los patrones más comunes con que la sociedad civil aparece retratada en la prensa local mexicana y se reflexiona sobre las implicaciones que esto tiene para la relación prensa-sociedad.
El interminable proceso de democratización en México. Un breve análisis histórico del árbitro electoral
Authors: Cisneros-Tirado José Antonio , Cisneros Espinosa José , Silva Arias Alejandro
Published: March 2021

En México, a dos décadas del triunfo de un partido político diferente al PRI en las elecciones presidenciales del año 2000, tiempo en el que muchos analistas políticos empezaron a hablar de una “transición a la democracia”, asumiendo implícitamente que en las décadas anteriores no la había habido, y, una vez más, con la derrota de los dos partidos principales PRI y PAN en las elecciones de 2018 por parte del Movimiento de Regeneración Nacional (MORENA), el presente artículo tiene como finalidad hacer un breve análisis del proceso de democratización electoral en el país. Para ello se propone responder preguntas como las siguientes: ¿Realmente se transitó a la democracia? ¿La participación ciudadana se hizo sentir en las decisiones de gobierno del año 2000 a 2018? ¿El instituto responsable de organizar las elecciones y dar los resultados oficiales se ganó la confianza y la credibilidad de la población?Dado lo extenso del tema, en este trabajo nos enfocamos principalmente en analizar el desempeño del Instituto Federal Electoral (IFE), luego Instituto Nacional Electoral (INE), a lo largo de este tiempo, en tanto que representa la posición oficial de la democracia electoral en México, pero sin dejar de abordar el contexto político-económico del manejo de la democracia en nuestro país de 1946 a 2020.En primer lugar se presenta un marco conceptual general sobre la democracia y el árbitro electoral, para luego analizar el desempeño del árbitro electoral en México como parte central del texto, y se finaliza con una reflexión sobre el futuro de la democracia en nuestro país.
Analysis of the Research & Development Funding in Greece under EU Programmes
Authors: Makryvelios Evangelos , Mavrotas George
Published: March 2021

This paper presents the findings of the study of the funding of Research and Development (R&D) projects in Greece. Initially, a descriptive approach by sector and geographical area is performed on the absorption of Research and Development funds upon the completion of 1,949 research projects implemented by 3,259 research institutions in the framework of funding actions of the operational programmes of the Partnership Agreement for the Development Framework, for the 2007-2013 programming period. The absorption indicators identified by type of beneficiary, by scientific field and region resulting from the processing of the above data can be used in the future to allocate the funds for research projects. Subsequently, the paper studies the existence or not of a correlation between the initial project evaluation and the fund absorption at completion, as well as the correlation between the initial project evaluation and the effectiveness indices of projects at completion. For the specific deterministic analysis, statistical models are used with data from 293 research projects implemented in two programmes. In both cases, it appeared that there was no statistically significant relation between the initial evaluation and the degree of fund absorption or the eventual effectiveness of projects, a result which indicates that the initial evaluation approach may need improvement.
The Diamond Anniversary: Sixty Years of Transportation, Logistics, and Supply Chain Research
Authors: Swanson David , Suzuki Yoshinori
Published: March 2021

To celebrate 60 years and pay tribute to the many great authors, reviewers, and editors of Transportation Journal we revisit the articles that have contributed so much to our discipline. In doing so, we provide a systematic literature review of the articles published in the journal since its inaugural issue in 1961. This review summarizes the most cited articles, the most frequently published authors, the primary topics of interest by decade, and other useful analyses. We also provide reviews of the top five most cited articles from the journal’s past. In all, this examination of Transportation Journal archives has yielded interesting results providing a roadmap to the past, present, and future of transportation, logistics, and supply chain research.
Spatiotemporal Evolution of China's Ports in the International Container Transport Network under Upgraded Industrial Structure
Authors: Fan Fei , Zhang Xuerong , Yang Wenyi , Liu Chengliang
Published: March 2021

Containerization and its impact on structural shifts in maritime transport have attracted the attention of maritime researchers. However, few studies address the impact of China's current economic reforms and industrial structure upgrades on China's container ports. To fill this gap, this article delivers new insights on the geographical evolution of China's ports in international container transport during the upgrade of industrial structure. This study finds that path dependence is evident in the container shipping structure, and major regional connections are still present between China and the maritime regions of East-Southeast Asia, Western Europe, and North America. During the study period, the spatial dynamics of the international linkages of China's container ports exhibited a tendency to develop from an initial monocentric structure to an isolated double-center structure, and then a polycentric clustering structure. Dynamic panel analysis shows there is a long-term significant equilibrium relationship between industrial structure upgrading and port container transport trade. Proxy indices including the industrial structure advanced index, the industrial structure comprehensive index and the essential evolution of industrial structure have positive effects on the improvement of port container transport trade.
Basin effects and limitations of 1D site response analysis from 2D numerical models of the Thorndon basin
Authors: McGann Christopher R , Bradley Brendon , Wotherspoon Liam , Lee Robin
Published: March 2021

Plane strain (2D) finite element models are used to examine factors contributing to basin effects observed for multiple seismic events at sites in the Thorndon basin of Wellington, New Zealand. The models consider linear elastic soil and rock response when subjected to vertically-propagating shear waves. Depth-dependent shear wave velocities are considered in the soil layers, and the effects of random variations of soil velocity within layers are modelled. Various rock shear wave velocity configurations are considered to evaluate their effect on the modelled surficial response. It is shown that these simple 2D models are able to capture basin reverberations and compare more favourably to observations from strong motion recordings than conventional 1D site response models. It is also shown that consideration of a horizontal impedance contrast across the Wellington Fault affects spectral response and amplification at longer periods, suggesting the importance of this feature in future ground motion modelling studies in the Wellington region.
Psihologie criminologica. Rolul psiho(pato)logiei clinice in descifrarea comportamentului criminal
Authors: Les Alin
Published: March 2021

cest volum are menirea de a evidentia rolul psihologiei si al psihopatologiei clinice in descifrarea comportamentului criminal sau care ar putea devein criminal. Sunt incluse si informatii incipiente referitoare la Chestionar de Evaluare a Fantasmelor Sexuale (CEFS). Cartea se adreseaza studentilor si specialistilor din zona psihologiei, dreptului, sociologiei, antropologiei, psihiatriei, probatiunii, penitenciarelor, cat si publicului larg avid de a afla cum poate o minte sa devina „criminala”
Flores no asfalto
Authors: Kosicki Bellotti Karina
Published: March 2021

Não há
Transversalidades entre conservadorismo e progressismo católicos: Geraldo de Proença Sigaud, Helder Pessoa Camara e o Concílio Vaticano II
Authors: Cabral Newton Darwin de Andrade , Caldeira Rodrigo Coppe
Published: March 2021

Uma assembleia com as dimensões do Concílio Vaticano II necessariamente aglutinaria diversificadas correntes e perspectivas. No episcopado brasileiro a heterogeneidade também foi uma marca. Considerando tais dados, este artigo foi escrito com dois objetivos maiores: identificar transversalidades nas formas de pensar e agir de Proença Sigaud e Helder Camara, a partir dos temas propostos para o Concílio e analisar afinidades/convergências e oposições/divergências existentes entre as suas posições, respectivamente conservadoras e progressistas, sobretudo a partir das respostas (vota) que elaboraram às consultas solicitadas na fase antepreparatória; perpassando o trabalho, há discussões remetendo aos grupos a que se associaram e às articulações estabelecidas, bem como aos seus epistolários e questões neles tratadas. Baseado em pesquisas bibliográfica e documental – realizada, esta, nos arquivos do Instituto Dom Helder Camara e da Cúria Arquidiocesana de Diamantina – com o artigo foi possível reforçar o entendimento de que a diversidade de perspectivas doutrinais e pastorais é fato inconteste, ainda que salvaguardada a unidade; outrossim, a transversalidade evidenciou, a partir da abordagem de temas sociopolíticos e religiosos, a existência de preocupações semelhantes que implicavam, nas posições majoritariamente antagônicas dos dois, igual empenho pela adoção de medidas, ainda que habitualmente díspares, no tocante à forma de analisá-los e enfrentá-los.
A psique como eixo intermediário e criativo do fenômeno religioso cristão: uma análise a partir da teoria de Carl Gustav Jung focada na experiência de Paulo em 2 Cor 12
Authors: Fraga Olinta
Published: March 2021

Resumo - Dissertação
A cruel pedagogia do vírus
Authors: Mendes Everaldo dos Santos
Published: March 2021

Resenha
Deus queer
Authors: Freire Ana Ester Pádua
Published: March 2021

Resenha da obra: Deus queer
Gianni Vattimo e Jean-Luc Nancy: o fundamentalismo democrático
Authors: Zabatiero Julio Paulo Tavares , Menezes Jonathan Michelson de
Published: March 2021

Este artigo tem como tema a democracia enquanto fundamentalismo, ou o fundamentalismo democrático. Seu objetivo principal é o reconhecimento de que o pensamento sobre a democracia pode ser, ele mesmo, fundamentalista, de modo que não só os fundamentalismos religiosos são uma ameaça à democracia contemporânea. Trata-se de uma interpretação de textos de dois filósofos contemporâneos que não costumam dialogar entre si, o italiano Gianni Vattimo e o francês Jean-Luc Nancy. A tese do ensaio é a afirmação do pensamento democrático enquanto uma forma de fundamentalismo, na medida em que ele cumpre certas condições estabelecidas pelos dois pensadores analisados. Estas condições são, na linguagem dos filósofos citados, o enquadramento da democracia sob o pensamento forte, ou a sua subsunção a um modo metafísico de pensar, de modo que se torna incapaz de autocrítica e de sua necessária reinvenção. Assim, espera-se contribuir para a construção de uma visão autocrítica da democracia mediante o diálogo com aspectos do pensamento pouco conhecidos de importantes filósofos da atualidade e também mediante o diálogo entre filosofia e teologia enquanto modos emancipatórios de saber.
Aprendizados no campo da metodologia de orientação acadêmica
Authors: Teixeira Faustino Luis do Couto
Published: March 2021

A pesquisa acadêmica exige uma gama de procedimentos. Cada área desenvolve seus métodos, que são avaliados pelos resultados da qualidade das pesquisas. Para quem se inicia nesse processo, conhecer esses passos e procedimentos é muito significativo e definidor da formação do pesquisador. O presente texto, nascido na área de Ciências da Religião e Teologia, tem por objetivo a apresentação do método que foi desenvolvido pelo autor, professor convidado do Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência da Religião da UFJF – PPCIR-UFJF, em mais de três décadas de orientação, pesquisa e aprendizado. O artigo foi produzido a partir da experiência adquirida das orientações e mostra as condições fundamentais para o trabalho acadêmico, especialmente indicadas por João Batista Libanio, mas também por outros pesquisadores. A parte central do texto é a sistematização do método de orientação acadêmica denominado “método eletrônico”, termo criado por Libanio, e assumido pelo autor em suas mais de cinquenta orientações. Além de indicar os passos desse método, com observações importantes e práticas, há um exemplo de aplicação sobre como elaborar um artigo.
Apolo cantador de feira: a mitopoética religiosa na obra Os Peãs
Authors: Silva Alexandre Sugamosto e
Published: March 2021

Resumo - Dissertação de Mestrado
Ensaio de espiritualidade não religiosa: um estudo a partir de indivíduos sem religião em Belo Horizonte
Authors: Vieira José Álvaro Campos
Published: March 2021

Resumo - Tese de Doutorado
Antes de pensar a relação entre fundamentalismo e democracia
Authors: Burity Joanildo
Published: March 2021

Não há
Estado laico e dinâmicas religiosas no Brasil: tensões e dissonâncias
Authors: Camurça Marcelo , Silveira Emerson José Sena , Andrade Júnior Péricles Morais de
Published: March 2021

Este texto busca examinar as tensões e dissonâncias na relação entre religião e espaço público no Brasil contemporâneo. Partindo de uma sociologia e antropologia dos fenômenos da secularização e da laicidade, pretende demonstrar a porosidade do sistema público/político brasileiro com o meio religioso. Recorrendo a uma perspectiva sócio-histórica procura compreender como as fronteiras entre religião e política no Brasil foram precariamente construídas ao longo da constituição do nosso Estado, sem nunca haverem sido institucionalmente bem demarcadas. Vácuo, que gerou concessões por parte do Estado às religiões majoritárias cristãs, assegurando legitimidade pública à seus símbolos religiosos nos espaços estatais, à princípio, neutros e seculares. Entretanto a Constituição de 1988, representou o influxo de uma legislação moderna e laica que legitimou sujeitos de direitos como mulheres, negros, índios, LGBTs, ambientalistas, etc. Diante deste quadro, esta reflexão ambiciona contribuir para a interpretação da complexidade que significa a presença múltipla e contraditória na esfera pública, tanto das religiões majoritárias cristãs, assentadas em uma agenda de valores religiosos conservadores quanto de projetos liberais e libertários acionados por segmentos da sociedade civil e agentes públicos gerando tensões e dissonâncias. Para compreender esta realidade, enquanto mosaico de interações e antagonismos, buscar-se-á trabalhar com a noção de pluri-confessionalidade do sociólogo mexicano Roberto Blancarte; assim como com aquelas de laicidade “de reconhecimento” e de “integração” do cientista político francês Philippe Portier. Com isto, procura-se aproximar teórica e empiricamente de uma compreensão mais ampla e nuançada do nosso sistema público-político na relação com a dimensão religiosa
Studijų programų portfelio optimizavimo metodologija
Authors: Staniškienė Eglė , Ukvalbergienė Kristina , Nausėdaitė Reda , Janilionis Vytautas , Lukoševičius Arūnas , Daukantienė Virginija , Šeduikytė Lina , Gaižiūnienė Lina , Daunorienė Asta
Published: March 2021

Studijų programų portfelis turi būti orientuotas į šiuolaikinę darbo rinką. Tačiau kaip numatyti ateities iššūkius, būsimas problemas ir parengti profesionalus, kurie kurs ateities visuomenę? Leidinyje aptariami bendrieji studijų programų portfelio valdymo Universitete principai, atsakomybių paskirstymas, pasirengimas studijų programų portfelio analizei, studijų programų optimizavimo kriterijų struktūra, optimizavimo etapai ir studijų programų kasmetinė stebėsena. Leidinys skirtas Universiteto studijų programų portfeliui valdyti.
Heat transfer and fluid flow inside duct with using fan-shape ribs
Authors: Hashim Yousif
Published: March 2021

A 2-D computational analysis is carried out to calculate heat transfer and friction factor for laminar flow through rectangular duct with using fan-shape ribs as a turbulator. The types of rib shapes are imported on the heat transfer rate and fluid flow in heat exchangers. The present study makes use of a fan-shaped ribs with two arrangements. The first arrangement was downstream fan-shape ribs (case 1) and upstream fan-shape ribs (case 2) is investigated. A commercial finite volume package ANSYS FLUENT 16.1 are used for solving the meshing process with continuity, momentum and energy equations respectively to investigate fluid flow and heat transfer across the ribs surface. The Reynolds number (Re) range of (400 - 2250) with different relative roughness pitch (p/H=0.17, 0.22, 0.27 and 0.32) at constant rib high (e/H). The results show that the heat transfers and friction increase with using ribs also, the results show that heat transfer is directly proportional to pitch ratio and Reynolds number. The Nusselt number enhancement by (12% -29%).
Modeling of reflected cracks in asphalt concrete pavement of highways
Authors: Kamenchukov Aleksey , Ukrainskiy Ilya , Bushuev Nikina , Kim Nikolay
Published: March 2021

The paper considers the issues of crack resistance of multilayer systems made of asphalt concrete, namely: the causes and features of the occurrence and development of "reflected" cracks are investigated. A study of the operational state of highways was carried out and the prerequisites for the formation of defects on the pavement were determined, including the regional features of the work of the road structure. The authors comprehensively studied the causes of internal and external defects and deformations of asphalt concrete pavements. The most popular technologies for sealing cracks and restoring the pavement are considered, the experience of repairing roads in the western part of Russia, Europe and the USA is also investigated. The results of determining the rate of formation and development of defects in the surface of the exploited roads are presented. In laboratory conditions, work was carried out to simulate cracks in two-layer samples of fine-grained asphalt concrete. Test specimens with a height and diameter of 10 cm were made by molding and compacted in layers, a crack was laid in the lower layer of the specimen. After gaining strength, the samples were tested for compression. Analysis of the results of physical modeling made it possible to put forward an assumption about the existence of a relationship between the presence (absence) of internal defects in the coating and the strength of the structure. To confirm the hypothesis, mathematical modeling of the operation of a two-layer system in the GenIDE32 software package was performed. Evaluation of the stress-strain state by the finite element method showed the presence of characteristic zones of system weakening around the defect area. In a two-layer system, there is an increase in internal stresses and strains around the crack, as well as a decrease in the overall strength (stability) of the system. In conclusion, the influence of internal defects of asphalt concrete coatings on the process of formation of "reflected" cracks were identified.
El interés por la cultura popular en la antropología española durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX
Authors: Carvajal Contreras Miguel Ángel
Published: March 2021

En el siguiente texto realizamos una revisión de los estudios que tienen el concepto de cultura popular como punto de referencia, junto a otros como el de cambio social y el de identidad, realizados por la antropología española durante las últimas décadas del siglo XX. A través de los diversos tipos de estudios y los paradigmas utilizados podremos tener una visión de conjunto del desarrollo de la disciplina antropológica durante dicho período en el contexto español, así como de la elección de determinados temas, a veces exportados y recreados dentro del seno de la disciplina en el propio territorio, que marcarían el debate antropológico en la época.

In this text we make a revision of the studies carried out by Spanish Anthropology during the last decades of the 20th Century. These studies have the concept of popular culture as a reference point, next to others such as those of social change and identity. Through the different types of studies and the paradigms used we will be able to have an overall vision of the development of the Anthropological discipline in that period in the Spanish context, as well as a vision of the choice of certain topics, which would mark the Anthropological debate in that period. These topics were sometimes exported and recreated inside the discipline in our country.
La aventura de la edición
Authors: Ollé Candela
Published: March 2021

El pasado 27 de agosto se estrenó a nivel mundial el 4º libro de la saga Millennium, Lo que no te mata te hace más fuerte, una década después de la aparición del tercer título y de la muerte de Larsson. En Madrid y en Barcelona se preparó una maratón de lectura simultánea y una conversación por Skype con el autor, David Lagercrantz, para satisfacer a los lectores más impacientes. A continuación os hablaré de algunas curiosidades de la novela, de la actualidad del mundo del libro y la edición.
Tendencias en procesamiento del lenguaje natural
Authors: Vàzquez Garcia Mercè
Published: March 2021

Hace veinte años que se organiza con una periodicidad bienal un congreso que recoge específicamente cuáles son las tendencias en procesamiento del lenguaje natural y que se ha convertido en un referente en este ámbito de conocimiento. Los temas que se tratan en este congreso van desde la fonética, la fonología y la morfología, pasando por los tesauros y las ontologías, la traducción automática y asistida, hasta la adquisición de conocimiento, la recuperación de información, la extracción de terminología, la minería de opiniones, el aprendizaje de idiomas asistido por ordenador o el procesamiento del lenguaje natural aplicado a la semántica y a la biomedicina.
La película que nunca fue
Authors: Sánchez-Navarro Jordi
Published: March 2021

La edición que acaba de terminar (octubre de 2015) del Sitges - Festival Internacional de Cine Fantástico de Catalunya nos ha brindado la oportunidad de asistir a un fenómeno un tanto extraño: la proyección de una película inacabada. Un número nada despreciable de amantes de la animación acudió a ver The Thief and the Cobbler, algo que no era exactamente una película, sino fragmentos acabados de una película, “cosidos” y complementados con pruebas a lápiz (pencil tests) —versiones preliminares de las escenas animadas—, layouts —dibujos con posiciones de personajes y esbozos de fondos— y simples bocetos. A pesar de estar ante una obra incompleta, y destinada a quedar inacabada, el público tenía la sensación de estar ante un pedazo de historia del cine, sensación reforzada por la presencia en la sala del creador de la película: el legendario Richard Williams.
El lugar que le corresponde a la memoria
Authors: Martínez Martínez Silvia
Published: March 2021

Una reciente sentencia del Tribunal Supremo español ha vuelto a poner de actualidad el debate en torno al derecho al olvido y, en concreto, cuando este entra en conflicto con otros derechos fundamentales, como el relativo a la libertad de información. El fallo supone un avance en la consolidación de una jurisprudencia iniciada con el famoso precedente que sentó el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea (TJUE) en el caso Google Spain S.L. contra la Agencia Española de Protección de Datos. Si la decisión del TJUE favorecía la eliminación del rastro que una información deja en internet al ser indexada por un motor de búsqueda, ahora la justicia española permite ahondar algo más sobre el espacio que le corresponde a la memoria informativa en el entorno digital.
Estrenos simultáneos: nuevas estrategias de distribución en cine y televisión
Authors: Clares Gavilán Judith
Published: March 2021

Netflix se ha convertido en referente por haber cambiado el modo de ver televisión. Con un modelo de negocio basado en la suscripción, presenta un nuevo concepto de televisión no lineal con oferta de catálogo, sin programas, tan solo con catálogo de películas de archivo, series y documentales. Autodenominada la cadena de televisión por internet líder en el mundo, se ha convertido en referente -entre otros motivos- por su estrategia en la producción propia y estreno simultáneo de series en exclusiva en su propio portal (Clares, 2015). Ahora promete dejar huella también con su incursión en el estreno simultáneo de películas en sala de cine y en VoD.
Proyecto Biblioteca Joven
Authors: Ciuró Gemma , Garcia Alsina Montserrat
Published: March 2021

Innovar es una de las claves para crear valor y ventaja competitiva en las organizaciones. Las bibliotecas como organizaciones que prestan servicios a la ciudadanía también dependen de la innovación para crear valor y rentabilizar el dinero que reciben de las administraciones públicas o las organizaciones a las pertenecen.
¿Autenticidad o autopromoción en las redes sociales?
Authors: San Cornelio Gemma
Published: March 2021

Hace unos días saltaba a los medios, especialmente en la red, la noticia de una modelo australiana de 18 años, Essena O'Neill, que decidía publicar un vídeo anunciando que dejaba las redes sociales, a la vez que revelaba el auténtico calvario que representaba crear las imágenes que compartía en Instagram. Lo hacía directamente desde su cuenta personal y ofrecía comentarios añadidos a los pies de las fotografías sobre los detalles de la toma de las mismas, definidas como “falsas”, así como todo lo que rodeaba su actividad en las redes sociales.
Local genetic context shapes the function of a gene regulatory network
Authors: Nagy-Staron Anna , Tomasek Kathrin , Caruso Carter Caroline , Sonnleitner Elisabeth , Kavčič Bor , Paixão Tiago , Guet Calin C
Published: March 2021

Gene expression levels are influenced by multiple coexisting molecular mechanisms. Some of these interactions such as those of transcription factors and promoters have been studied extensively. However, predicting phenotypes of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) remains a major challenge. Here, we use a well-defined synthetic GRN to study in Escherichia coli how network phenotypes depend on local genetic context, i.e. the genetic neighborhood of a transcription factor and its relative position. We show that one GRN with fixed topology can display not only quantitatively but also qualitatively different phenotypes, depending solely on the local genetic context of its components. Transcriptional read-through is the main molecular mechanism that places one transcriptional unit (TU) within two separate regulons without the need for complex regulatory sequences. We propose that relative order of individual TUs, with its potential for combinatorial complexity, plays an important role in shaping phenotypes of GRNs.
Accelerated implementation for testing IID assumption of NIST SP 800-90B using GPU
Authors: Kim Yewon , Yeom Yongjin
Published: March 2021

In cryptosystems and cryptographic modules, insufficient entropy of the noise sources that serve as the input into random number generator (RNG) may cause serious damage, such as compromising private keys. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate the entropy of the noise source as precisely as possible. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) published a standard document known as Special Publication (SP) 800-90B, which describes the method for estimating the entropy of the noise source that is the input into an RNG. The NIST offers two programs for running the entropy estimation process of SP 800-90B, which are written in Python and C++. The running time for estimating the entropy is more than one hour for each noise source. An RNG tends to use several noise sources in each operating system supported, and the noise sources are affected by the environment. Therefore, the NIST program should be run several times to analyze the security of RNG. The NIST estimation runtimes are a burden for developers as well as evaluators working for the Cryptographic Module Validation Program. In this study, we propose a GPU-based parallel implementation of the most time-consuming part of the entropy estimation, namely the independent and identically distributed (IID) assumption testing process. To achieve maximal GPU performance, we propose a scalable method that adjusts the optimal size of the global memory allocations depending on GPU capability and balances the workload between streaming multiprocessors. Our GPU-based implementation excluded one statistical test, which is not suitable for GPU implementation. We propose a hybrid CPU/GPU implementation that consists of our GPU-based program and the excluded statistical test that runs using OpenMP. The experimental results demonstrate that our method is about 3 to 25 times faster than that of the NIST package.
Colorectal cancer screening behaviors
Authors: Tekiner Selda , Peker Gülsen Ceyhun , Doğan Mine Ceylan
Published: March 2021

Introduction

Colorectal cancer screening program compliance in Turkey is around 20–30%. Factors that may affect preventive health behavior, mainly individuals’ values, beliefs and attitudes, should be explored. A “Health Belief Model” (HBM) scale was developed in 1950 to explain the insufficient participation of some individuals in screening programs. The scale was adopted for colon cancer in 2002. The validity and reliability study of this scale for the Turkish language was conducted in 2007. In this study we aim to evaluate the health beliefs of relatively young individuals before the age of screening in relation to attitudes to colorectal cancer screening via the Turkish version of the scale.

Materials and Methods

A questionnaire composed of 14 sociodemographic questions and 33 HBM scale questions were applied to the patients of a Family Medicine outpatient clinic where the majority of the patients are relatively young people. The data was analyzed using the IBM SPSS version 21.0.

Results

A total of 310 subjects at the age of 18 and over were informed about the study. The study was completed with 215 subjects with a participation rate of 69.3%. The average age of the participants was 35.4 ± 12.8 years; 62.8% of them were women; 26.0% were students. 94.4% of the participants did not have a history of colon cancer among their first degree relatives. 58.1% agreed that “A colonoscopy should be done every ten years starting at age 50 to screen for colon cancer.” Age, marital status, education and occupation status were found to have an effect on barrier scores. Young participants, singles, and those with a primary and/or secondary school education had statistically significant higher barrier scores. The motivation scores of high school graduates were higher than university graduates. The seriousness scores of men were found to be higher than women.

Conclusion

Our study points out that attitudes about preventive health measures are mainly associated with age, gender, education level and marital status. These personal characteristics should be taken into consideration while offering screening programs and preventive health measures to individuals in order to protect against colorectal cancer. It is better to give specific messages according to personal characteristics and specific barriers instead of general messages about conducting screening tests beginning from a young age.
Anatomical Variations of the Axillary Artery in a Human Cadaver: A Case Report
Authors: Rosario Martin G , Mathis Monica E , Chambers Paige D
Published: March 2021

Anatomical variations are deviations from the standard structures and morphologies of bodily arrangements, a phenomenon commonly seen in arteries and nerves. A typical axillary artery extends from the outer border of the first rib to the lower edge of the teres major before the pectoralis minor divides the axillary artery into three parts. Within existing research, several variations have been seen in the branching of the axillary artery, particularly among the second and third divisions. This case report examines and describes the anatomical differences of the second and third division of the axillary artery in a 64-year-old Caucasian female; variations were found in the second division of the axillary artery, two thoracoacromial arteries, as well as the absence of the stemming lateral thoracic artery. Within the third division of the axillary artery, the subscapular artery supplying the latissimus dorsi (two branches), subscapularis (circumflex scapular artery), and the serratus anterior (two branches) muscles were identified and distally, the axillary artery bisected into the brachial and accessory brachial arteries. A genetic mutation, environmental factors, and embryological malformations are among the hypotheses associated with these anatomical variations. From a clinical standpoint, these variations may not produce impairment though the knowledge of an individual’s distinctive arrangements would aid in preventing unnecessary complications that could arise during particular interventions.
“Pravara Tent”- An Innovative Protective Device to Control Aerosol in Dental Clinics during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Vikhe Deepak Macchindra , Dhope Summit V , Mhaske Prasad N , Shah Seemit V , Palekar Umesh G
Published: March 2021

Many dental procedures use modern devices like an air rotor and ultrasonic scaler, which generate aerosols and droplets. The dental procedures cannot be performed without the above devices. The ways commonly available today to control aerosols are suction, saliva ejectors, but it does little to control aerosols. The expensive filters like High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) are available but they are not easily available in rural set-up and economical for everyone. There are many diseases, for example- severe acute respiratory syndrome, tuberculosis, influenza and viral infections, which spread through droplets, so management of the infection control procedures for aerosols is mandatory in dental clinics. A novel human coronavirus-that is, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) also can be transferred through droplets and splatter. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the manufacturing of novel devices to protect the dentist from the risk of transmission. The “Pravara tent” (the name Pravara was given to the tent by the authors as it was invented at the place called Pravara) is one of the examples of a protective (box) device, which can be used to control aerosols generated from air rotor and an ultrasonic scaler to reduce transmission of diseases between clinicians, and the patients. So, this tent is a simple, modified, and economical innovative protective device working with high efficacy by creating a barrier between patient and dentist to minimise aerosols during dental procedures.
Lipid Profile as a Nutritional Status Marker in Tuberculosis
Authors: Salunkhe Vaishnavi Sandip , Patil Vinayak Wamanrao , Rai Pooja
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health problem. India has the highest cases in the world and accounts for nearly one fifth of global cases. TB is a chronic disease and in long term leads to malnutrition. Lipids are important constituents in the body that determine the nutritional status and immune function. Aim: To study lipid profile as a nutritional status marker in pulmonary TB. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients of pulmonary TB and fifty healthy subjects in age group of 18-60 years were included for study. The lipid profile was analysed to assess the nutritional status of the patients. Unpaired t-test was used to study the significance of study parameters in cases and controls group. The p-value of <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: Out of 100 subjects 63% were males 37% were females. Significant decreased levels of total cholesterol, Triglycerides, High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (HDL), Very Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (VLDL), Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (LDL) were seen in cases as compared to controls. Conclusion: In this study, it was observed that lipid profile could play a significant role as a biochemical marker of nutritional status in pulmonary TB patients. Thus, knowledge of these levels can help in providing a proper balanced diet to these patients which can ultimately help in better quality treatment.
Long-Term Stability of Root Coverage of Restored Roots: A 18-Year Follow-up Case Report
Authors: Al-Hamdan Khalid S
Published: March 2021

Tooth sensitivity is a major concern following gingival recession. Stable long-term results are necessary for the management of this condition. Here, we present a case report with the aim of validating the utilisation of a connective tissue graft to replace a restorative material over the root surface for a long term. A 36-year-old female patient presented with the chief complaint of sensitivity in her lower right (#43) and left (#33) canines, which were previously restored with a composite restoration. The recession type defect was Miller’s Class II. The old restoration was removed and replaced with a connective tissue graft, accompanied by a double-papilla flap. The case was followed-up for 18 years, and the results were stable during the follow-up period, with a highly satisfied patient. Based on these results, it can be reported that a connective tissue graft has highly predictable results and can be used for previously restored root surfaces. In addition, the connective tissue graft provides more stable results than does the use of a restorative material over root surfaces.
A Cadaveric Study on Lumbar Spinous Process Fusion: Risk Factor for Wrong Level Spinal Surgeries
Authors: Sharma Priyanka N , Kulkarni Manoj M , Gandotra AR
Published: March 2021

Introduction: The fusion of Lumbar Spinous Processes (LSP) of adjacent vertebrae may lead to errors in determining the correct spinal level. This may result in wrong level spinal surgeries around the lumbar region. Aim: To determine the prevalence of fusion between adjacent LSP. Materials and Methods: This study was a prospective observational study done in the Department of Anatomy, Smt. B.K. Shah Medical Institute and Research Centre, Vadodara, Gujarat, India. The present study had examined the lumbar spines in 30 formalin preserved cadavers. The fusion between the LSP of adjacent vertebrae was recorded after the removal of soft tissue from L1 to S1 vertebrae. Results: The present study found the fusion between the adjacent LSP in 11 (36.67%) cadavers (08 males; 03 females). The fusion between the adjacent LSP, from L4 to S1 vertebrae, was found in 10% of cadavers and was the most common pattern. The fusion between the adjacent LSP was more common in males (53.3%) compared to females (20%). Conclusion: The occurrence of fusion between the adjacent LSP is not uncommon.
Physiological Role of Leptin: A Bird’s Eye View
Authors: Baria Dipika P , Shah Tejas J , Brahmbhatt Shruti V
Published: March 2021

Since its discovery over fifteen years ago, Leptin remains the cornerstone for researchers because of its important role in central control of energy metabolism. Apart from role in energy metabolism, researchers have identified some newer but important roles of leptin in various areas like neuroendocrine function and regulation of metabolism-immune system interplay. Recently, recombinant human leptin emerged as a therapeutic intervention in various disorders. In this review, we highlighted important biology and physiology of leptin, its association with several disorders, and therapeutic interventions involving leptin.
Assessment of Persistent Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Commercially Important Fin and Shell Fishes of River Majidun, Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Edwin O. Clarke , Akintade O. Adeboyejo , Emeka P. Ndimele , Oluwatosin M. Olarinmoye
Published: March 2021

Aim: The pesticide pollution of aquatic ecosystems has developed serious environmental anxiety, provoking a necessity for continuous evaluation of harmful constituents.

Study Design: A quantitative cum descriptive experimental design was used to evaluate the occurrence and concentration of Persistent Organochlorine Pesticides (POPs) in water, sediment, fish (Tilapia zilli and Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus) and shell fishes (Macrobrachium vollenhovenii, Littorina littorea and Callinectes pallidus) of River Majidun, Lagos, Nigeria.

Place and Duration of Study: Nigerian Institute of Oceanography and Marine Research (NIOMR) between June and December, 2019.

Methodology: Sediment samples were collected by the Rigosha grab sampler and fish samples were purchased from commercial fishermen. Sample preparation was done according to the Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) 3570 method. POPs were evaluated using Hewlett Packard 5890 series II gas chromatography with electron capture detector.

Results: Twenty-one organochlorine residues were identified including p’p’DDT, Lindane (γ-HCH), Dieldrin, Heptachlor, Aldrin, Chlordane, Endrin aldehyde, Endrin ketone, Methoxichlor and Endosulphan. Concentrations in water ranged between 0.03 µg l-1 (Endrin ketone) and 1.97 µg l-1 (Methoxychlor). In sediment, it is between 4.55 µg kg-1 (β-HCH) and 128.25 µg kg-1 (Methoxychlor). In Macrobrachium vollenhovenii, Methoxychlor was 123.83 µg kg-1 and Lindane ((γ)- HCH) was highest here (39.35 µg kg-1). Callinectes pallidus had a high concentration of Endrin ketone (133.13 µg kg-1). The Tilapia zilli highest concentration was 110.35 µg kg-1 (endrin ketone) and it had the highest pp’DDT which was 41.40 µg kg-1.

Conclusion: Evidently, there was sequestration of POPs from water into sediment and bioaccumulation in the organisms, due to exposure. The level of POPs in all samples were below the limits of 200 µg kg-1 fresh weight in fish and sea food set by Codex Alimentarius Commission by FAO/WHO. The attendant environmental/human menace cum inherent danger of the raised levels of POPs, calls for continuous monitoring of River Majidun.
Anaerobic Digestion of Corn Stover for Improved Biomethane Yield: Effect of Organic Nitrogen Sources (Soybean Curd Residue and Fish Waste)
Authors: Opurum C. C. , Odibo F. J. C.
Published: March 2021

The present study investigated the effect of organic nitrogen sources, soybean curd residue (SCR), and fish meal (FW) on the anaerobic digestion of corn stover for biomethane production. The bioreactors were seeded with the corn stover (corn cob and corn sheath), soybean curd residue (SCR), and fish waste (FW) at different combinations: (CC/SCR), (CC/FW), (CS/SCR) and (CS/FW), including CC and CS alone. The fermentation was for 31 days under mesophilic conditions. Characteristics of the substrates indicate that CC and CS are good carbon and energy sources, but low in nitrogen content. Conversely, SCR and FW are rich nitrogen sources, with low organic carbon content. There was a remarkable increase in biogas production in all treatments, except CC/SCR 75:25 and CC/SCR 85:15 in which inhibitory effect was observed.  The highest percentage increase (138%) in biogas was recorded in CS/SCR 85:15 (2.86 dm3), and the least was CC/FW 75:25 with 1.49 dm3 (24.18% increase). Significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) in biogas yield was in the following: CC/SCR 50:50, CC/FW 50:50, CS/SCR 85:15, CS/FW 50:50, and CS/FW 75:25. The composition of the biogas revealed that the treatment improved biogas production as well as biomethane content, the highest being 69.44% in CS/SCR 85:15. Regression analysis of cumulative biogas yield as a function of time (t) in the different treatments that had a significant difference in biogas yield showed a good correlation between biogas yield (GY) and time (t). Improving the biodegradability of lignocellulosic wastes could lead to a boost in the development of anaerobic digestion and biogas production technology. To improve their biodegradability during anaerobic digestion, both pre-treatments and supplementation have vital roles to play.
Phenothiazine–Quinoline Conjugates Realizing Intrinsic Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence and Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence: Understanding the Mechanism and Electroluminescence Devices
Authors: Acharya Nirmalya , Hasan Monirul , Dey Suvendu , Lo Shih-Chun , Namdas Ebinazar B. , Ray Debdas
Published: March 2021

Understanding the local triplet (3LE), charge transfer triplet (3CT), and charge transfer singlet (1CT) is of great importance in designing thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials for their use in organic light‐emitting devices (OLEDs), sensing, and bioimaging. Herein, two phenothiazine–quinoline conjugates (PTzQ1, PTzQ2) in which the donor (PTz) and acceptor (Q1, Q2) parts are held in near‐orthogonal orientation that gives rise to spatial separation of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) are reported. Photophysical studies of both conjugates along with their individual components (PTz, Q1, Q2) show that TADF occurs via reverse intersystem crossing (rISC) from the upper‐level local triplet (3LE) to lower‐level singlet 1CT mediated by vibronic coupling between 3LE and 3CT, whereas RTP is realized from 3LE. It is found that all three excited states are close in energy, 0.16–0.19 eV (3LE−1CT), 0.02–0.03 eV (1CT−3CT), and 0.14–0.16 eV (3LE−3CT) with the order of 3LE > 1CT > 3CT. Both conjugates exhibit a high rate constant of rISC (krISC, 7.9–9.7 × 105 s−1), resulting in external quantum efficiency (EQE) values of ≈4.7% (solution processed) with emission from both RTP and TADF components.
Gas Plasma Technology Augments Ovalbumin Immunogenicity and OT‐II T Cell Activation Conferring Tumor Protection in Mice
Authors: Clemen Ramona , Freund Eric , Mrochen Daniel , Miebach Lea , Schmidt Anke , Rauch Bernhard H. , Lackmann Jan‐Wilm , Martens Ulrike , Wende Kristian , Lalk Michael , Delcea Mihaela , Bröker Barbara M. , Bekeschus Sander
Published: March 2021

Reactive oxygen species (ROS/RNS) are produced during inflammation and elicit protein modifications, but the immunological consequences are largely unknown. Gas plasma technology capable of generating an unmatched variety of ROS/RNS is deployed to mimic inflammation and study the significance of ROS/RNS modifications using the model protein chicken ovalbumin (Ova vs oxOva). Dynamic light scattering and circular dichroism spectroscopy reveal structural modifications in oxOva compared to Ova. T cells from Ova‐specific OT‐II but not from C57BL/6 or SKH‐1 wild type mice presents enhanced activation after Ova addition. OxOva exacerbates this activation when administered ex vivo or in vivo, along with an increased interferon‐gamma production, a known anti‐melanoma agent. OxOva vaccination of wild type mice followed by inoculation of syngeneic B16F10 Ova‐expressing melanoma cells shows enhanced T cell number and activation, decreased tumor burden, and elevated numbers of antigen‐presenting cells when compared to their Ova‐vaccinated counterparts. Analysis of oxOva using mass spectrometry identifies three hot spots regions rich in oxidative modifications that are associated with the increased T cell activation. Using Ova as a model protein, the findings suggest an immunomodulating role of multi‐ROS/RNS modifications that may spur novel research lines in inflammation research and for vaccination strategies in oncology.