bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contributions of Voice and Nonverbal Communication to Perceived Masculinity–Femininity for Cisgender and Transgender Communicators
Authors: Hardy Teresa L. D. , Boliek Carol A. , Aalto Daniel , Lewicke Justin , Wells Kristopher , Rieger Jana M.
Published: March 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to identify a set of communication-based predictors (including both acoustic and gestural variables) of masculinity–femininity ratings and (b) to explore differences in ratings between audio and audiovisual presentation modes for transgender and cisgender communicators.

Method

The voices and gestures of a group of cisgender men and women (n= 10 of each) and transgender women (n= 20) communicators were recorded while they recounted the story of a cartoon using acoustic and motion capture recording systems. A total of 17 acoustic and gestural variables were measured from these recordings. A group of observers (n= 20) rated each communicator's masculinity–femininity based on 30- to 45-s samples of the cartoon description presented in three modes: audio, visual, and audio visual. Visual and audiovisual stimuli contained point light displays standardized for size. Ratings were made using a direct magnitude estimation scale without modulus. Communication-based predictors of masculinity–femininity ratings were identified using multiple regression, and analysis of variance was used to determine the effect of presentation mode on perceptual ratings.

Results

Fundamental frequency, average vowel formant, and sound pressure level were identified as significant predictors of masculinity–femininity ratings for these communicators. Communicators were rated significantly more feminine in the audio than the audiovisual mode and unreliably in the visual-only mode.

Conclusions

Both study purposes were met. Results support continued emphasis on fundamental frequency and vocal tract resonance in voice and communication modification training with transgender individuals and provide evidence for the potential benefit of modifying sound pressure level, especially when a masculine presentation is desired.
Hybrid strategy for traffic light detection by combining classical and self‐learning detectors
Authors: Gao Feng , Wang Caimei
Published: March 2020

Detection of the traffic light is a key function of the automatic driving system for urban traffic. Considering the characteristics of classical and self‐learning algorithms, a fusion logic is proposed to make up the shortcoming of learning algorithms by combining the known knowledge with the learning features to detect the red and yellow–green traffic light without turn indicator. The relationship of detection performance among different detectors is established analytically. Then the improvement of detection performance by fusion is analysed theoretically and optimised numerically. According to the analysis results, the hybrid detector is designed by using the colour information in hue‐saturation‐intensity to extract the candidate region, the hog feature to identify the shape information of traffic light classified by a support vector machine, and a comparatively simple convolutional neural network (CNN) with the classical AlexNet structure to act as the self‐learned detector. The effectiveness of the hybrid method is validated by several comparative tests with single CNN detectors and other fusion methods on the training dataset, and the extensibility to new application conditions is evaluated by vehicle tests.
Application of dust mitigation strategies to single‐axis‐tracking photovoltaic modules in the semi‐arid areas of South Africa
Authors: du Plessis Armand A. , Strauss Johannes M. , Rix Arnold J.
Published: March 2020

Field generated data for single‐axis‐tracker (SAT) photovoltaic (PV) modules, subjected to the semi‐arid Northern Cape region of South Africa, is presented. Experimental dust mitigation methods and the effects of dust soiling on PV module performance are explored. In particular, the use of a hydrophobic anti‐soiling coating and a unique SAT self‐cleaning manoeuvre was investigated. The SAT results are further compared to six coated and uncoated stationary PV modules. For the performance comparisons, maximum PV module power output was determined from current‐voltage (I–V) curves extracted from each individual PV module. This work further presents a novel I–V curve fitting algorithm, which improves measured I–V curve data resolution for precise maximum power point extraction. The PV module performance comparisons were executed with a performance ratio metric, which is defined as the irradiance and temperature corrected performance factor of a PV module. Contrary to the initial research hypothesis, the hydrophobic anti‐soiling coating was found to promote dust soiling. The SAT self‐cleaning manoeuvre further delivered unique insights regarding the effects of dew water on dust soiling and displacement. Finally, also unique to the research presented here, is the formal description of infield observations made regarding dust deposition.
Multi‐frequency analysis of Gaussian process modelling for aperiodic RCS responses of a parameterised aircraft model
Authors: Bilal Ahmad , Hamza Syed Muhammad , Taj Ziauddin , Salamat Shuaib
Published: March 2020

Radar cross‐section (RCS) of an object is a complex function of various geometric variables, frequency and angles of incidence. In this work, an artificial intelligence solution is provided to predict the non‐deterministic characteristics of RCS using the supervised machine learning algorithm that involves Gaussian process (GP) regression. A parametrised aircraft model is used to generate training data where five variables are selected as predictors while the response is chosen to be monostatic RCS in the azimuth plane. To provide a comparison of GP modelling‐based predictions, shooting and bouncing rays‐based multi‐frequency RCS simulations are used and the results show good agreement. To further validate the GP‐based modelling approach, the data of a design point is compared with the measured RCS of 1:8 scaled‐down aircraft model, which confirms the accuracy of the proposed methodology. Good prediction capabilities of GP regression for RCS evaluation of complex geometries and requirement of small data set make it an excellent tool for exploring the large design space as well as integration into multi‐disciplinary design optimisation environments.
Ground threat evaluation and jamming allocation model with Markov chain for aircraft
Authors: Han Lu , Ning Qian , Chen Bingcai , Lei Yinjie , Zhou Xinzhi
Published: March 2020

This study proposes a ground‐based threat probability model based on a Markov chain to evaluate multiple ground threats faced by the platform during flight. On this basis, a new threat evaluation and jamming allocation system is constructed by combining the model with jamming resource allocation methods. In the threat evaluation phase, the interaction relationship between the platform and radar is represented by the transfer intensity among radar states according to the domain expert knowledge. Then, the potential state probability of radars in each time period is deduced and converted into the danger value as the objective to be optimised in the next stage. In the jamming allocation phase, the system considers some effects such as jamming technologies, multi‐channel, the uncertainty of the threatening environment and other factors, and simulates the process of ground threats. There is traversing all jamming combinations at each period to select the best jamming strategy. This study also designs a multi‐threat environment to verify the effectiveness of the system and test its relative performance improvement. Compared with the original threat evaluation and jamming allocation system, the new system has proved its feasibility and better application value.
Parameter estimation of underwater impulsive noise with the Class B model
Authors: Zhang Xuebo , Ying Wenwei , Yang Peixuan , Sun Miao
Published: March 2020

The statistical characteristic of ocean ambient noise plays an important role in developing underwater signal processors. Considering that the noise in shallow water shows the impulsive nature, non‐Gaussian noise models are usually applied to model the ocean ambient noise. In this study, the ocean ambient noise is modelled by using the Middleton Class B model, which can be decomposed into Gaussian and non‐Gaussian models. Then, the parameters of Class B model are estimated based on the least‐square estimation method, which can be deduced by using the characteristic function of the Middleton Class B model. The processing results of simulated data and real data indicate that the presented method well estimates the parameters of Class B modelled noise. Besides, it further shows that the Middleton Class B model is suitable for modelling the impulsive noise in shallow water.
SAR image despeckling using plug‐and‐play ADMM
Authors: Baraha Satyakam , Sahoo Ajit Kumar
Published: March 2020

The presence of speckle, a granular structure, seriously affects the visual interpretability of the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. Recently, model‐based reconstruction techniques that use alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) have been widely utilised for denoising problems. Owing to the modular structure of ADMM, it is very simple to implement and also enables one to plug in any off‐the‐shelf denoising algorithm. However, the major limitations of these methods are mostly they have been established for Gaussian noise and the selection of a regulariser for a specific forward model is unknown. In this study, the despeckling of SAR images is addressed in the presence of multiplicative noise such as Rayleigh and Poisson. A mean filter is introduced for images corrupted by Rayleigh‐based speckle, which transforms it to Nakagami distributed speckle, to improve the performance. Maximum a posteriori‐based estimation involving Nakagami and Poisson distributions are applied to plug‐and‐play ADMM (PnP ADMM) framework, which provides enhanced despeckling ability along with the preservation of important details. The convergence analysis of the proposed PnP ADMM for multiplicative noise is also provided. The simulation studies are carried out taking several parameters for visual quality and statistical assessment to justify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Calibration of antenna arrays using the extended manifold
Authors: Friedlander Benjamin
Published: March 2020

Parametric calibration of antenna arrays uses mathematical models of the array manifold with adjustable parameters. In this study, the author shows that the standard model used in that array signal processing literature may not be capable of accurate calibration because of the mismatch between the assumed manifold and the true electromagnetic manifold. To improve calibration quality, the author uses the extended array manifold which employs a non‐square coupling matrix instead of the square mutual coupling matrix used in the standard model. This new model makes it possible to increase array calibration accuracy to any desired level, at the cost of requiring more calibration sources.
Resource-saving preparation of the 38KHGNM steel surface for heading of automobile components
Authors: Filippov Aleksey , Pachurin German , Goncharova Diana , Gevorgyan Gor , Mukhina Mariia , Trunova Irina , Koniukhova Natalia
Published: March 2020

To produce high-quality fasteners for motor group components of automobiles it is necessary to follow the increased requirements to calibrated rolled stock in terms of surface defects. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to study the reasons, types and depth of the surface defects on the calibrated rolled stock from steel 38KHGNM Ø 12.0 mm on the basis of the metallographic analysis. Before cold upsetting, the hot-rolled products are subjected to metal flow and removal of unacceptable surface defects by means of expensive turning operation during which the screw cuts and cracks might appear. It has been defined, that the hot-rolled stock from steel, grade 38KHGNM, diameter 12.0 мм has nonuniform mechanical properties, grooves, laps and partial decarburization on the surface. The heat treatment of the rolled stock with a decarburized layer on the surface contributes to its further decarburization. Poor alignment of calibrated stock during its turning at the turning machine does not enable to completely remove the decarburized layer with minimum skinning of rolled stock. It has been shown that the use of rolled stock from steel 38KHGNM with surface defects and unreasonably high decarburized layer on the surface increases its rejection by 8% and raises the consumption of rolled stock for manufacturing of important fasteners for the motor group of automobiles.
Snow disposal in Moscow
Authors: Primin Oleg
Published: March 2020

The main principle of the strategy of the integrated improvement the functioning of a city of the northern region and its infrastructure in winter is a systematic solution to the problem of industrial disposal of snow mass in various parts of the city road network, removal and utilization of snow. The implementation of the strategy in the capital of Russia - the city of Moscow is based on the use of the General snow disposal scheme. In connection with the meteorological conditions that have changed in recent years in Moscow, i.e. increase in the height of the snow cover and extension of the roadway paving subject to cleaning, the use of advanced technologies of snow collection and disposal, new types of deicing agents, the aim of the research was updating the General snow disposal scheme in Moscow. As a method of its implementation, we used a statistical analysis of the formation in recent years of the volume and average annual depth of the snow cover in the city of Moscow, an estimation of the heat capacity of sewers and a heating network for the utilization of snow mass. The article presents the results of the implementation of the updated General snow disposal scheme, gives suggestions for snow removal in extreme snowfalls.
On the shift of cargo on a railway platform under the influence of transverse forces
Authors: Turanov Khabibulla , Ruzmetov Yadgor
Published: March 2020

This paper dwells upon securing solid cargo on a railcar. Transverse cargo shift and forces of elastic securing devices. The authors sought to calculate the shearing force acting on the elastic securing elements and retention bars; the retentive forces that prevent cargo from shifting across the car (the transverse shift); the transverse cargo shift; the force of elastic securing elements as exposed to transverse forces. This study relies on the second law as applicable to relative motion for a frictional constraint, as known in theoretical mechanics. The paper presents the calculated shearing and retentive forces. The authors calculated the equivalent stiffness of elastic securing elements. They thus computed the transverse shift (displacement) of cargo and the elongation of each elastic element that secures the cargo. They also found the forces of elastic securing elements as exposed to transverse forces. It was thus discovered that the forces of the second securing pair were more than double the acceptable limit, which would cause that pair to break during transport. To make the second elastic pair stronger, one might double the number of retention-bar fasteners so that the forces of the second fastening pair wouldn’t exceed the limits. An example of calculation is useful in developing a new methodology for calculating the elements of cargo securing on a car. The calculation results proved that to ensure guaranteed safety and reliability of the transportation process, it is necessary to either increase the number of securing elements of the retention bar, or increase the number of elastic securing elements with subsequent recalculation of forces in all elastic securing elements.
Global trends in the development of monitoring systems for mobile agricultural equipment
Authors: Goltyapin Vladimir , Golubev Ivan
Published: March 2020

In this paper, systems for remote monitoring of equipment from various manufacturers are analyzed. Such systems are currently offered by a number of manufacturers of tractors and other mobile agricultural equipment. They are designed to management the operation of a diesel engine; hydraulic transmission management; management of working bodies (maybe several); active security; comfort and climate control; navigation, communications and other multimedia systems. However, in the literature there is no system analysis of them. Therefore, the aim of the study is to analyze and generalize advanced solutions in the development of remote monitoring systems of the largest domestic and foreign manufacturers of agricultural machinery and equipment. The development of remote monitoring systems of domestic and foreign manufacturers, including those awarded at the International agro-industrial exhibitions, were analyzed and summarized. The authors summarized the characteristics of monitoring systems and showed their application areas. The article discusses innovative telemetry and monitoring systems for agricultural machinery, which allow optimizing the process, making adjustments to the settings, planning maintenance, saving fuel, and increasing productivity.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of anti-turbulent additives in the oil pipeline transportation
Authors: Balabukha Aleksei , Zvereva Valentina
Published: March 2020

The authors of the article have developed the computer application allows to determine the value of the friction coefficient λ and anti-turbulent additives efficiency with a high degree of accuracy. The program can be used in the calculations and design of oil pipelines. The paper presents experimental studies of the effect anti-turbulent additives on the magnitude of pressure losses during fluid movement through pipes. The data gained by the developed computer program has been proved by the data of practical application of additives in the real oil pipeline transportation system called Eastern Siberia-Pacific Ocean oil pipeline.
Modelling the Force Action of a Liquid on the Shutter of a Measuring Transducer
Authors: Golubovsky Vitaly , Konovalov Vladimir , Doncova Marina
Published: March 2020

The article describes the original design of the measuring transducer of angular velocity of the type “flapper-nozzle “. The aim of the study is mathematical modeling in the MathCAD program of the force action of liquid jets exiting nozzles, since this significantly affects the characteristics of the converter. The calculated values of the acting forces are compared by several known methods and their results are compared with experimental data. For the proposed design of the measuring transducer, greater convergence of the theoretical and experimental values of the power characteristic in the linear section is provided by the expressions for determining the force effect of two jets on the damper, defined as the hydrodynamic effect of the liquid jet on the obstacle. Given the real differences in the design of the converter from theoretical models, it is required to apply correction factors. As pressure increases, the coefficient increases from 1 to 1.24-1.30 depending on the pressure supplied to the measuring transducer and the version of expression used to calculate it. When using the expression for the approximate calculation of the acting forces in the converter, the correction factor is much higher and varies from 1.9 at a supply pressure of 0.5 MPa to 1.74 at a supply pressure of 1.5-2.0 MPa. The practical use of this calculation option is limited to the linear zone of pressure dependence in the working chambers of the converter on the gap between the nozzles and the shutter.
Monitoring the deformation of the earth’s surface in the zone of influence construction
Authors: Kazantsev Aleksandr , Boikov Aleksei , Valkov Vyacheslav
Published: March 2020

The issues of ensuring the safe construction and operation of buildings and structures in a metropolis are considered. A description of the monitoring technique is given, which is to control the deformation process during new construction near existing buildings. The necessity of performing geodetic observations of deformations of the earth’s surface is emphasized. A precalculation of the accuracy of determining the position of deformation grades located in the influence zone of an object under construction is given. Based on the simulation results, control zones are identified in which it is proposed to monitor the process of deformation of the soil mass at the boundary of the pit. The advantages of the integrated deformation monitoring technique over traditional observation methods are presented.
The mudflow dynamics of the river Gerkhozhan-Su in the section of the mudflow tray and mudslides protection of the city of Tyrnyauz (Central Caucasus)
Authors: Dokukin Mikhail , Bekkiev Mukhtar , Kalov Ruslan , Hadjiev Mukhtar
Published: March 2020

Based on the data of route inspection and video surveillance of the mudslides of the river Gerkhozhan-Su have been determined the features of the mudslides dynamics in the section of the mudflow tray. Areas of temporary mud accumulation were revealed, over which waves of mudflow periodically passed. Streams rushed through the tray at a speed of 9-12 m/s. The protective role of the mudflow tray and the need for its timely clearing of the mudflow deposits have been highlighted to ensure the anti-flood safety of the city of Tyrnyauz.
Geodetic work during implementation of environmental protection measures for the remediation of oil-contaminated lands
Authors: Rogova Nina
Published: March 2020

At the present level, the production, transportation and primary processing of oil products is associated with the problem of environmental pollution. The ingress of oil products into the natural environment leads to negative consequences and requires the enterprise to incur additional costs to eliminate the emergency situation and to take environmental protection measures to restore oil-contaminated territories. To restore contaminated territories on the basis of field surveys, which are based on geodetic work, remediation projects are developed. Remediation is carried out on the basis of a project, the reliability of which is taken into account during field geodetic work on determining the site area. In the course of the calculations, it was found that the use of tacheometric survey can significantly increase the cost of field work. In most cases, to ensure the development of a remediation project, it is enough to use domestic GPS receivers. The use of this class of devices will reduce both the timing of field work and their cost. It should be borne in mind that the accuracy of domestic GPS receivers allows using them in determining sites with an area of more than 0.5 ha.
Analysis of the current state and features of natural resource potential management
Authors: Ermakova Anna , Oznobihina Ludmila , Avilova Tatiana
Published: March 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of nature management in Mongolia. The natural resource potential of Mongolia, which includes mineral, land, water, biological and recreational resources, is shown. Administrative and legal mechanisms for managing natural resources in Mongolia and Russia are analyzed. Similar management methods of the two countries and distinctive aspects are revealed. For a more detailed consideration of the nature management features of Mongolia, the SWOT analysis method was used to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Establishing chains of links between them can be useful in the future for formulating a country’s strategy for the use of natural resources.
Assessment of the recreational potential of the forest territory of the Sverdlovsk region
Authors: Mezenina Olga , Mikhailova Anna , Kuzmina Margarita , Kokovin Peter
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study is to present our vision of assessing the recreational potential of the territory (RPT) for its effective management. We suggest using this territory assessment method, which consists of two main stages: assessment of the recreational component of the natural environment and assessment of the necessary amount of investment to use the recreational biodiversity of the territories.The article analyzes the approaches and presents the results of a comprehensive assessment of the recreational potential of the forest lands of the Sverdlovsk region. Created a map ranking the Sverdlovsk region according to the results of research with application for developing a comprehensive assessment of RPT on the methods, developed on the basis of the theory of “games with nature”: the method of structured comparison of RPT on the Hurwitz criterion, aspiring to the maximum and to identify the factors dominating the impact from the application of the Wald criterion. Based on the conducted research on the analysis of the influence of forests on the formation of recreational characteristics, the authors obtained weighted average generalized coefficients of recreational attractiveness of forests of different types in the forest management areas of the Sverdlovsk region and identified 10 forestcadastre areas in the Sverdlovsk region. This paper also presents a developed and tested method for a comprehensive assessment of the recreational potential of forest lands in the territory of the Sverdlovsk region in order to attract investment. Preliminary investment volumes for the development of the Sverdlovsk region’s RPT (based on the cost of forest biodiversity) are presented. We consider the proposed territory ranking to be a necessary indicator for effective management of the subject’s territories.
Priorities for Sustainable Urban Development as Exemplified by Individual Asian Countries
Authors: Ermolina Marina , Matveevskaya Anna , Matyashova Daria , Kovalevskaya Natalia
Published: March 2020

Studies have shown that comparison of strategies for sustainable cities in Asian countries is carried out through the prism of the international concept of sustainable development. The work builds a complex relationship between general and specific criteria for sustainable development of the urban environment in the strategies of individual Asian countries. Priority is given to management, socio-economic development, and environmental protection. Sustainable urban development guidelines are shown considering problems of poverty, environmental pressures, and drawing attention to environmental problems in cities. The particular countries (Bhutan, Myanmar and Cambodia) show guidelines for sustainable urban development, considering urbanization and population flows, the vulnerability of major population groups and addressing poverty and pressure on the environment. Analyzing the Sustainable Development Goals and internal strategies of Asian countries, the authors sought to determine the goals and objectives of creating sustainable cities, features of sustainable cities’ strategies in individual Asian countries and typical problems that arise on the path to sustainable urban development. The hypothesis of the study is the approach to sustainable cities through the prism of the concept of sustainable development with its socioenvironmental and economic components in their relationship and interdependence.
The issue of people’s livelihood in China’s policy of building a harmonious society and Vietnam’s strategy of sustainable development
Authors: Pham Van Duc
Published: March 2020

The paper analyzes the basic ideas of Sun Yat-sen and Ho Chi Minh on the people’s livelihood. If Sun Yat-sen considered people’s livelihood to be socialism, Ho Chi Minh thought that the goal of socialism was to solve well the problems of people’s livelihood to bring prosperity, freedom and happiness to the people. At the same time, the author also analyzes and compares to point out the commonalities between the policy of building China’s harmonious society and Vietnam’s rapid and sustainable development strategy, among which the most oustanding is the goal to improve the quality of development and better solve the problems of the people’s livelihood.
Administrative permitting activities in town planning
Authors: Voskresenskaya Elena , Vorona-Slivinskaya Lybov , Kazakov Yury , Zernov Anton
Published: March 2020

The article is focused on current issues concerning administrative permitting activities, which are the part of administrative activity as a whole. The field of town planning involves the interests of both business entities and people living in a particular territory. Economic development demands the effective regulation in order to attract investment in the construction sector, while people’s interest calls for fulfilling the principle of sustainable development of a territory. Thus, the administrative statutory regulation must on the one hand imply diminishing administrative burdens in order to provide the transparency and promptness of passing regulative procedures, and on the other hand be sufficient for ensuring the safety and appropriateness of development of a territory. Construction is one of vital and the most complicated sectors of the economy that is primarily aimed at providing people with residential property. To erect a residential building one needs high-quality communication lines, transport and social infrastructure. Construction of industrial parks, maintenance of existing industrial areas and transport infrastructure facilities and creation of new ones, providing people living in dilapidated dwellings with new residential space, housing resource renewal – these are the first key tasks for the authorities today. The circumstances mentioned above entail the demand for efficient administrative control over town planning sector. In this regard, the scientific comprehension of the term “administrative permitting activities” can raise the level of understanding all management processes running on the economy system, as well as the issues of exercising the powers conferred to executive public bodies acting in the related field.
Integrated transport system - basis of Russia’s security
Authors: Kazaryan Ruben , Andreeva Peraskovya , Galaeva Natalya
Published: March 2020

Possibility of improvement of optimization of integrated transport systems formed in case of several types of transport due to the introduction of design and construction management at the stage of creating subsystems of each type of transport. Factors intended to participate in the management of natural resources related to their extraction (technical and economic factors affecting the organization of movement by mode of transport and factors associated with the production of final transport products). The paper discusses the issues of placement and management capabilities of industrial transport systems based on the interaction of technical and natural systems. The implementation of project management methods for the construction of transport facilities developed on the basis of compiling individual project management algorithms, including organizational preparatory procedures, should be mandatory for all project participants, including customers.
Features of application of fundamental knowledge in innovative space: ontological aspect
Authors: Kharchenko Julia , Kharchenko Sergej , Sidorkina Olena , Fabrika Alla , Rusul Oleg
Published: March 2020

The analysis of the innovative space with a complex structure and configuration has been conducted by showing that its space-time frame is uncertain due to the high dynamics. The results obtained from the analysis of virtuum as a kind of multidimensional reality, forming a new image of society and, at the same time, generating and combining new knowledge. Knowledge and innovation are shown as the fundamental dominant of the current model of society and as the result this model combines the characteristics of informational, cybercultural, technogenic, virtual, and innovative society. On this basis, the main purpose of the research was implementation of the correlation of innovative creations and new epistemes, which were the foundation of the innovative space. The ontological approach that became the theoretical basis of this research showed that the innovative space is understood as one of the multidimensional sphere of social existence as such, including all actors of innovation. The results of the research confirmed that fundamental knowledge is updating the epistemological resource, at the same time, the mechanisms and methodology of research are constantly changing, technical and technological tools are being modernized and all of these factors influence on innovative space. Besides, innovative space as an artificial environment is correcting social and natural phenomena.
Assessment of innovation activity in the countries of the world
Authors: Morkovkin Dmitry , Lopatkin Dmitry , Sadriddinov Manuchehr , Shushunova Tatiana , Gibadullin Arthur , Golikova Olga
Published: March 2020

The purpose of the study is to evaluate innovation activity in the countries of the world. Based on the use of statistical, comparative, systemic and logical methods, an analysis of indicators of innovative activity was carried out, as a result of which it was concluded that Russia lags behind other countries in terms of innovative development. Using methods of economic and factor analysis, a factor model was formed in the work, which included groups of global, national, industry and corporate factors, the management of which will ensure a sustainable transition to innovative technologies of the national economy. In the ending of the study the main conclusions and results of the work are presented.
Social entrepreneurship as innovative way of development of small business in the region
Authors: Panov Aleksey , Balashova Natalya , Zubova Olga , Dosova Aijan
Published: March 2020

This article considers issues of social entrepreneurship as a key tool for solving social problems in society and as a mechanism for changing the very concept of social policy at the state and regional levels. Therefore, the goal of this article is to analyze the current state of social entrepreneurship in the Volgograd region and its relationship with state and non-state actors. The following were used research methods: dialectical method; logical methods of economic research; methods of data analysis and formal logic. Social entrepreneurship in Russia is a new phenomenon compared to Western countries, and the recently emerged sector of the economy has not yet received such development in the subjects of the Russian Federation as abroad. Currently, the social business is not ready to answer a lot of questions related to solving social problems, however, a certain trend in this direction has been set. The state, society, and businesses are slowly moving away from the traditional understanding of the social activities that each of them is accustomed to carry out. The development of social entrepreneurship helps to smooth out pressing issues of society, speeds up their solution by involving a larger number of stakeholders in the issue.
Balance of interests of stakeholders in the provision of insurance services
Authors: Loskutova Maya , Khnykina Tatiana
Published: March 2020

The owners and heads of companies often make serious financial decisions, both operational and strategic, guided not by traditional criteria for optimality of profitability and risk, but by the desire to satisfy, to one degree or another, the expectations and interests of various interested groups of people both in the company and for its limits. The financial goal of a large corporate structure, in particular an insurance organization, should be formulated on the basis of a balance of interests of all interested parties (stakeholders) of its business in accordance with stakeholder theory. The authors determine the purpose and objectives of this study as the discussion of the nature of the stakeholder approach to the balanced development of economic entities, as well as the insufficient development of methodological approaches to meeting the requirements of stakeholders. The stakeholder’s approach allows us to disclose all key aspects of the functioning of an economic entity, and it could be proved that the corporate governance system of insurance organizations should include a mechanism for identifying and predicting the interests of key stakeholders and building on their basis strategic guidelines for coordinating and satisfying the interests of stakeholders.
Identification of factors affecting renewable energy consumption by country groups
Authors: Filimonova Irina , Provornaya Irina , Kozhevin Vladislav
Published: March 2020

The rapid development of renewable energy sources observed in recent years however has a number of limitations for different regions limited by non-price factors such as corruption and opacity of supporting institutions, lack the necessary technology to integrate renewable into the grid, lobbying and support of the interests of the owners of traditional energy sources and others. The article attempts to analyse the factors that affect the consumption of renewable energy sources in three groups of countries, pointing to the greater importance of such indicators as the share of R & d in GDP, the availability of traditional energy resources, oil prices, transparency of institutions for some countries and their lesser importance for others.
The mechanism of integration of the Ukrainian stock market in the world stock market
Authors: Slobodianyk Anna , Abuselidze George , Tarasovych Lyudmyla
Published: March 2020

The article is devoted to structuring and improving the methodological foundations of the mechanism of state regulation of the stock market. Priority directions for the development of the stock market are determined in order to strengthen its role in stabilization of the national economy. As a result, a structural and functional model of stock market operation in the system of economic development of the country was elaborated. It involves ensuring the legitimate access of national companies to the global stock markets while attracting foreign investors to the Ukrainian stock market. The authors argue that the mechanism of the national stock market integration involves several stages: from enhancing international cooperation primarily with the stock markets of countries that are strategic partners, subsequent full participation in regional and subregional integration associations of stock markets, up to global integration in the world stock market as a priority direction for the development of the domestic stock market in the context of stabilization of the national economy.
Security of infrastructural linear objects by using three-dimensional laser scanning technology
Authors: Gura Dmitry , Pavlyukova Alina , Akopyan Georgy
Published: March 2020

For the functioning of any social infrastructure object, power supply is necessary. Therefore, such linear real estate objects as power lines are important elements in the urban engineering infrastructure. Linear objects are characterized by a considerable length, which makes it difficult to perform certain types of work, including monitoring. This paper discusses the structural elements of the overhead power lines (OHPL) and their inherent types of deformations. Current methods for monitoring and the instruments used are indicated. The disadvantages of the existing technology are described, which include bias data, a low degree of immediacy of its receipt, complexity, risk to the health of the performer. Alternative contact methods (using various sensors) and remote monitoring methods (video recording) with an indication of their shortcomings are analyzed. A scanning complex was performed, the results of which examined the possibility of using this technology as a strain monitoring using the example of supports and wires of overhead power lines. To do this, in laboratory conditions, measurements of the support tilting, the height of the suspension, the sag of the span, the size of the wire, and the length of the span were made for compliance with regulatory data. A conceptual basis for creating an urban digital monitoring platform for a network of power lines is proposed.
Using Steel-Smelting Slag as a Raw Material Component in the Production of Asphalt Concrete
Authors: Kuznetsov Dmitry , Vysotskaya Marina , Burgonutdinov Albert
Published: March 2020

The possibility of using polydisperse steel-smelting slag for the production of type B asphalt concrete is investigated, the possibility of its use as a mineral powder, crushing screening and crushed stone is considered. As a result of the study, it was found that a promising area for the use of slag raw materials in the technology for the preparation of asphalt mixes is: as a mineral powder - without additional processing steps; crushing screening - with the development of additional technological operations. The use of raw materials as crushed stone is impractical because of the high average density of the final asphalt mixture. Based on the test results, the characteristics of the fatigue properties of asphalt concrete from fine-grained dense mixtures of type B made on mineral powders from slag and limestone were obtained. It was established that at the initial moment, a large number of cycles to failure are characterized by compositions on slag powder, however, samples from this series tested after 45 days showed a significant rigidity increase and were destroyed earlier than similar samples on limestone. Obviously, this phenomenon is associated with an increase in the brittle properties of the material due to the formation of crystallization-condensation bonds in the structure of asphalt concrete containing slag.
On estimating the reduction factor of bridge piers
Authors: Benin Andrei , Nesterova Olga , Uzdin Alexander , Prokopovich Sergei , Rutman Yuri , Guan Youhai
Published: March 2020

Estimating the reduction factor for calculating massive reinforced concrete bridge piers was made. For this purpose a quasi-static “force-displacement” diagram was built up using the ANSYS software. This diagram has the form of a bilinear one, and the character of the bilinearity depends on the diameter of the reinforcing bars insignificantly. The percentage of reinforcement affects only the moment when all reinforcement bars begin to flow. The reinforcement flow takes place in the displacement interval from 3 to 5 cm. The collapse will occur when the reaction of the bearing part goes beyond the pier cross-section at pier displacements from 5 to 20 cm. Using “force-displacement” diagram, the behavior of the single-mass model with a bilinear deformation diagram and the limit displacement of 20 cm was analyzed. Then, it became possible to obtain for each accelerogram the limit elastic displacement and the limit position of the point corresponding to the maximum structure displacement during structure oscillations. It was done using real accelerograms of earthquakes with intensity 9 on the MSK scale without normalizing their amplitudes. In this case, long-period accelerograms had smaller peak accelerations, but resulted in greater plastic deformations. As a result, no evident dependence of plastic deformation on the input spectral composition was found and the value of reduction factor K1 turned out to be 0.25-0.27. However, it is shown that this reduction factor cannot be used to make transition from seismic loads obtained on the basis of time-history analysis by accelerograms to design loads.
Important feature of calculating bridges under seismic action
Authors: Smirnova Lyubov , Uzdin Alexander , Polorotova Natalia , Freze Maxim
Published: March 2020

The purpose of the research is to show the main features of calculating bridge taking into account the inhomogeneous acceleration field along the structure length. The bridge is considered to be a linear structure with point bearings on the soil base. For long bridges it is typical, that their bearings are located in different seismogeological conditions. This result in inhomogeneity of the acceleration field under the piers and non-synchronous pier excitations. The motion equations of the system under consideration are constructed and their decomposition into vibration modes is performed without the account of external and internal damping in the system and with the account of it. Based on the proposed decomposition, formulas for determining seismic loads taking into account various seismicity under piers are obtained. The result obtained show that the peculiarities considered can be easily taken into account in existing software packages. As an example, the authors analyzed the results of calculating a four-span beam railway bridge. In calculating it was taken into account that the first and second piers are located on sandstone, and the rest of them are on water-saturated loose sand. The analysis showed that the account of the non-synchronous support point excitation of the extended system reduces inertial seismic loads on its elements significantly.
Influence of mixture composition on fresh concrete workability for ballastless track slabs
Authors: Kazanskaya Liliya , Smirnova Olga
Published: March 2020

There are several factors that affect the fresh concrete workability: water demand and composition of Portland cement, properties of fine and coarse aggregates, presence of superplasticizer and others admixtures, etc. Influence of quantity and fineness of ground quartz additives as well as polycarboxylate-based superplasticizer amount on workability of fresh concrete was studied in the paper. The properties of fresh mixture (slump) and hardened concrete (compressive strength at the age of 24 hours, 28 and 360 days) were estimated. Enhancing the fresh concrete workability using fine ground quartz sand was stated. Savings of superplasticizer per 1 m3 of slab concrete and 1 km of the ballastless track were calculated.
Modern technologies of construction of residential and office buildings with removable formwork
Authors: Efimov Vladimir , Fakhratov Muhammet , Chulkov Vitaliy , Pogodin Denis
Published: March 2020

The Plastbau and Plastbau-3 systems are mainly used in construction of residential and office buildings. These technologies can be used for construction at low temperatures. The design of wall formwork elements includes the outer and inner layers of polystyrene foam fastened together at the 200 mm distance with a frame made of 3-8 mm reinforcing bars. The systems’ thermal insulation capacity is very high and varies depending on the thickness of polystyrene foam walls. Insulation slabs of the Plastbau-3 formwork panels are made of first class polystyrene foam with a density of 30 kg/m3 and an almost unlimited working life is guaranteed. High efficiency and energy conservation rate embedded in this construction technology and its elements allow to construct high-quality housing at a low cost. Currently, the Plastbau-3 technology is used at construction sites in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Saratov, Orenburg, and other cities.