bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation Studies in Mathematics Education: What Theoretical Resources?
Authors: Artigue Michèle
Published: June 2021

This article is devoted to the theoretical resources likely to support implementation studies. After the introductory section, we focus on the potential offered by resources internal to the field of mathematics education, especially those offered by design-based research, by the systemic and ecological perspective underlying the anthropological theory of the didactic, and by the documentational approach to didactics regarding the teachers’ relationship with educational resources. We then examine particular examples of implementation studies, paying specific attention to the way they combine internal and external resources. For that purpose we consider on the one hand, European projects aiming at the large-scale implementation of inquiry-based learning and teaching in STEM education, especially the PRIMAS project, and on the other hand, the contributions to the thematic working group devoted to implementation and replication studies at CERME 10 and CERME 11. We conclude with more general reflections.
New species and records of Angolan Limnichidae (Coleoptera: Byrrhoidea)
Authors: MATSUMOTO KEITA
Published: June 2021

Two new species of Limnichidae, Simplocarina angolensis Matsumoto sp. nov. and Byrrhinus angolensis Matsumoto sp. nov. are described. Simplocarina curticollis Pic, 1922 is reported as a new genus and species for the fauna of Angola.
DNA barcoding of deep-sea shrimp Sicyonia parajaponica Crosnier, 2003 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Sicyoniidae) from southwest coast of India
Authors: CHAKRABORTY REKHA DEVI , GAYATHRI A.P. , SREELAKSHMY S. , AGHANA M. , KUBERAN G.
Published: June 2021

The present work reports detailed taxonomic information on deep-sea shrimp Sicyonia parajaponica from southwest Indian waters. The samples were caught in bottom trawls conducted between the depths of 200 and 230 m from Sakthikulangara fishing harbour off Kollam, Kerala along the Arabian Sea during November 2019. DNA barcoding and a phylogenetic analysis was used to explore the relationship of the genus Sicyonia based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI: MN816389, MN816390) with the present specimen and sequences retrieved from NCBI GenBank. There is no difference in the intraspecies genetic distance (0%) while interspecies genetic distance (19.0–28.1%) revealed divergence between the species (COI) of the genus Sicyonia.
A new species of Geodromicus Redtenbacher, 1857 from Sichuan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Omaliinae: Anthophagini)
Authors: SHAVRIN ALEXEY V.
Published: June 2021

N/A
Preparation and evaluation of Bergenin-loaded cationic liposome for anti-asthma treatment
Authors: Yu Xiao , Zou Lu , Ling Tang , Li Shaobin , Zhe Zhe , Xiong Bidan , Xing Lianjun , Hong Fang
Published: June 2021

Asthma is considered as a difficult chronic disease with prolonged inflammation, reversible obstruction and remodeling in the airway. The present work aimed to examine the therapeutic efficacy of Bergenin-loaded Cationic Liposome (B-CLs) in asthma. We applied the thin film dispersion
approach to prepare B-CLs, which were administered orally to asthma mice. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), cytokine contents and histopathological results were obtained and examined by transmission electron microscope (TEM), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, together with
histopathological study separately. B-CLs had a mean size of 158.33 ± 5.88 nm with positive potential of 24.51 ± 0.51 mV. In pharmacokinetics, the area under curve (AUC0–∞) and half-life (T1/2) of B-CLs were 3.33 and 3.92 times higher than free
Bergenin. Compared with model group, alveolus and airway wall lesions in hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining of B-CLs-Medium/High dose groups declined as the wall-infiltrating inflammatory cell number declined. The thicknesses of airway wall and bronchial smooth muscle, together with
the counts of bronchial smooth nuclei in B-CLs decreased significantly (P < 0.01). Specially, the ultrastructural airway changes were markedly-reversed in the B-CLs-High (P < 0.01). The changes of cytokines indicated the decrease in inflammation and improvement of the balance between
T helper 1 cytokines (Th1) and T helper 2 cytokines (Th2). B-CLs could significantly enhance the dissolution, bioavailability and more inhibit airway inflammation as well as improve the lung histopathological condition.
ENTRAINMENT IN A SIMULATED SUPERCELL THUNDERSTORM, PART I: THE EVOLUTION OF DIFFERENT ENTRAINMENT MECHANISMS AND THEIR DILUTIVE EFFECTS
Authors: Lasher-Trapp Sonia , Jo Enoch , Allen Luke R. , Engelsen Bryan N. , Trapp Robert J.
Published: June 2021

The current study identifies and quantifies various mechanisms of entrainment, and their diluting effects, in the developing and mature stages of a simulated supercell thunderstorm. The two stages, differentiated by the lack or presence of a rotating updraft, are shown to entrain air by different, but related mechanisms that result from the strong vertical wind shear of the environment. The greatest entrainment rates in the developing stage result from the asymmetric overturning of large eddies near cloud top on the down-shear side. These rates are greater than those published in the literature for cumuli developing in environments lacking strong shear. Although the entrainment rate increases exponentially in time throughout the developing stage, successive cloud turrets help to replenish some of the lost buoyancy and condensate, allowing the nascent storm to develop further. During the mature stage, the greatest entrainment rates occur via “ribbons” of horizontal vorticity wrapping around the rotating updraft that ascend in time. The smaller width of the ribbons in comparison to the wider storm core limits their dilutive effects. Passive tracers placed in the low-level air ingested by the mature storm indicate that on average 20% of the core contains some undiluted air ingested from below the storm base, unaffected by any entrainment mechanism.
Factor Retention in Exploratory Factor Analysis With Missing Data
Authors: Goretzko David
Published: June 2021

Determining the number of factors in exploratory factor analysis is arguably the most crucial decision a researcher faces when conducting the analysis. While several simulation studies exist that compare various so-called factor retention criteria under different data conditions, little is known about the impact of missing data on this process. Hence, in this study, we evaluated the performance of different factor retention criteria—the Factor Forest, parallel analysis based on a principal component analysis as well as parallel analysis based on the common factor model and the comparison data approach—in combination with different missing data methods, namely an expectation-maximization algorithm called Amelia, predictive mean matching, and random forest imputation within the multiple imputations by chained equations (MICE) framework as well as pairwise deletion with regard to their accuracy in determining the number of factors when data are missing. Data were simulated for different sample sizes, numbers of factors, numbers of manifest variables (indicators), between-factor correlations, missing data mechanisms and proportions of missing values. In the majority of conditions and for all factor retention criteria except the comparison data approach, the missing data mechanism had little impact on the accuracy and pairwise deletion performed comparably well as the more sophisticated imputation methods. In some conditions, especially small-sample cases and when comparison data were used to determine the number of factors, random forest imputation was preferable to other missing data methods, though. Accordingly, depending on data characteristics and the selected factor retention criterion, choosing an appropriate missing data method is crucial to obtain a valid estimate of the number of factors to extract.
Missing Pieces: Engaging Sociology of Disability in Medical Sociology
Authors: Mauldin Laura , Brown Robyn Lewis
Published: June 2021

Medical sociologists and sociologists of disability study similar topics but, because of competing or conflicting theoretical paradigms, tend to arrive at different conclusions, engage with different audiences, and pursue different directions for social change. Despite diverging trajectories over the past 20 years, however, there remains clear potential overlap between both subfields in the study of disability and untapped opportunities for cross-fertilization. Our purpose here is to place these literatures in conversation with each other. Toward this end, we identify major themes in the last 20 years of medical sociology scholarship, gaps with regard to disability in those themes, and possibilities (including methodologies) we see at the intersection of medical sociology and the sociology of disability that could address these gaps.
Inhabitation of Inhibition and Creative Freedom for Breastfeeding Mothers
Authors: Jordan Fountain Lori , Gupta Nisha , Greene Eric
Published: June 2021

In this edited interview, psychologists Nisha Gupta and Eric Greene interview Lori Jordan Fountain, psychology doctoral student and filmmaker of Inhabitation of Inhibition, an autophenomenological short film about the lived experience of breastfeeding in public. Despite the known benefits, antipathetic attitudes toward nursing in public persist, and “breastfeeding is perceived by many as dirty, sexual, embarrassing, and generally, something that should be kept behind closed doors.” Inspired by Sartre’s notion of the gaze, the mother in the film takes up the self as seen by the Other. By assuming the guilt of which she is blamed, she embodies and enacts the judgments placed on her, foregrounding the covert oppression endured by breastfeeding mothers. In this interview, Lori describes the liberation felt when responding to the objectifying gaze—a gaze that perceives her as a machine-like milk dispenser, a bad mother, and a sexual object. She shares how satire enables her to ‘flip the script’ in order to demonstrate, address, and challenge the absurd, oppressive narratives that shame breastfeeding mothers. The conversation explores how protesting this covert oppression through the language of filmmaking allowed Lori to work through it directly and experientially, just as one might in psychotherapy.
Nonstandard Employment and Indigenous Earnings Inequality in Canada
Authors: Lamb Danielle , Verma Anil
Published: June 2021

The study investigates the extent to which the type of employment, specifically nonstandard work, may contribute to a better understanding of Indigenous earnings disparities. We find that Indigenous workers are overrepresented in nonstandard jobs and that such forms of work are associated with sizable earnings penalties. Although Indigenous earnings disparities are smaller in nonstandard work than in standard employment, the relatively low earnings of many nonstandard jobs are an important factor contributing to the overall economic inequalities experienced by many Indigenous Canadians. Policy responses aimed at improved human capital accumulation are likely to have limited efficacy unless additional barriers that prevent many Indigenous workers from accessing better quality employment and internal labor markets are identified and removed.
The Flying Heads of Settler Colonialism; or the Ideological Erasures of Indigenous Peoples in Political Theorizing
Authors: Allard-Tremblay Yann , Coburn Elaine
Published: June 2021

This essay relies on the insight that settler colonialism is an ongoing structure geared toward the elimination of Indigenous presence to argue that ideologies that legitimate and naturalize settler occupation are equally ongoing. More specifically, the ideologies that justify settler colonialism in major states like Australia, Canada, and the United States, are like Flying Heads that shape-shift and recur over time. We explore how two notorious ideological tropes—terra nullius and the myth of the Vanishing Race—recur in the work of contrasting contemporary theorists. Ultimately, Flying Head ideologies of settler colonialism cannot be defeated by reasoned argument alone, but by structural transformations beyond the settler-colonial relations that necessitate and sustain them. Following diverse Indigenous theorists and activists, we briefly explore prefigurative resurgent practices and how Indigenous political imaginaries, like the Dish with One Spoon, offer alternatives to transcend the settler colonial present.
Toward a multifaith view of atonement
Authors: Sellers Robert P.
Published: June 2021

The meaning of the death of Jesus on the cross has been interpreted differently from the first century until today. Of the many theories proposed throughout Christian history, the dominant understanding, especially among evangelical Protestants since the Reformation and perhaps dating from Anselm of Canterbury in the eleventh century, has been the penal-substitutionary view of atonement. Christ died to pay the penalty for human sin, so humanity can receive forgiveness by trusting in the efficacy of Jesus’s death on its behalf. This explanation is an objective theory that is “Godward focused,” understanding the work of Christ as a divine plan to satisfy what God requires: expiation for human sin. Other competing theories, however, reject this idea and propose more subjective views that are “humanward focused.” This article considers the reality of different, imperfect perspectives about matters as complex as the interpretation of God. It connects the writer’s affirmation of the plurality of religious experience with his having lived a quarter century in the multifaith milieu of Java. It touches on specific opposing theories of atonement, endorsing as more useful in our interreligious world the subjective approaches to understanding the cross. It advocates an intriguing argument for the plurality of end goals, or “salvations,” among the world’s religions. Finally, it uses the less dominant models of martyr motif and the moral example theory to investigate how the concept of atonement might be understood in the context of four major world religions other than Christianity, suggesting that acknowledgment of the legitimacy of different approaches to the Divine is a distinctly “Christian” way to live in a diverse world.
Getting Jesus off the altar: Undoing atonement readings in Revelation
Authors: Bowden Anna M. V.
Published: June 2021

The interpretive history of Revelation is overrun with descriptions of Jesus as a sacrificial lamb. Yet, John never uses the popular phrase to describe him. By drawing attention to four significant omissions in the text, I argue against atonement readings of “the Lamb” in Revelation. Revelation is not a theological treatise on the meaning of the cross. It feeds questions about power and violence and admonishes the seven churches against participation in their imperial context. John’s slaughtered lamb, therefore, does not evoke a paschal sacrifice; it points to Rome’s penchant for violence. Joining the other bloodied bodies in Revelation, the lamb’s blood further incriminates Rome. Everywhere one looks in John’s depiction of empire, violence lurks. Finally, the only altar in Revelation is the heavenly altar, and this altar is not a place for sacrifice. The heavenly altar is a place where the laments of the suffering are heard, a place for worshipping God, and a place where Rome will meet its judgment. John’s Jesus is not a self-sacrificing spiritual savior; he bears witness to the bloodthirsty, massacre-loving beast-of-all-beasts. Churches must choose their allegiance.
Comparison of deep learning-based methods in multimodal anomaly detection: A case study in human–robot collaboration
Authors: Yang Lin , Yan Wu , Wu Hongmin
Published: June 2021

Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC) has been widely used in daily life and industry for maximizing the advantages of humans and robots, respectively. However, the internal modeling errors or external perturbations still affect robotic systems such as human collisions and environmental changes. Multimodal anomaly detection plays an increasingly important role in HRC applications, which detects unexpected anomalies from multimodal signals. Due to the complex temporal dependence and stochasticity, it is still difficult to choose a common model applicable to all collaborative tasks, and lack of comparative analysis of existing methods and verification of specific application cases. In this paper, six representative deep learning-based methods are evaluated and the comparing metrics including detection accuracy, multi-modality combinations, and anomaly time bias. For a fair comparison, each detector models multimodal signals from non-anomalous samples and then determines an anomaly using a predefined threshold. We evaluate the detectors with force, torque, velocity, tactile, and kinematic sensing during a human-robot kitting experiment that consists of six individual skills, results indicate that the LSTM-DAGMM based detector outperformed the others, which yielding higher accuracy and efficiency. The metrics are measured with the RUC and ROC by changing the settings of multi-modality combinations and various anomaly biases, which aim to obtain the best performance of multimodal anomaly detection.
Application of a management and storage system for knowledge generated from simulation projects as a teaching and assessment tool
Authors: Pereira Tábata Fernandes , Montevechi José Arnaldo Barra , Leal Fabiano , Miranda Rafael de Carvalho , Scheidegger Anna Paula Galvão
Published: June 2021

During the development of a simulation project, people involved in the study acquire greater knowledge of the system being simulated. However, this knowledge is usually not externalized and ends up being lost at the end of the project. In this context, knowledge management allied with information technology may assist in information management and enable the collection, storage, and dissemination of knowledge. Thus, this paper aims to discuss and present a knowledge management system to manage and to store the knowledge generated by analysts in simulation projects. Our intention was to demonstrate a way that the knowledge can be stored and accessed at any moment by anyone to recover the development process and avoid mistakes during a simulation project. In order to achieve this goal, some graduate and undergraduate simulation courses at a Brazilian federal university were used as objects of study. At the end of the study, it was concluded that knowledge management integrated with information technology contributes to the work of simulation analysts by supporting information and knowledge management throughout the stages of the simulation projects.
Unfolding the Enigma of Dispossession in India: An Analysis of the Discourse on Land Grabbing
Authors: Jahnavi K. Lakshmi , Satpathy Suchismita
Published: June 2021

A discourse analysis of land grabbing literature, in general, reveals that it is dominated by the political economy approach, and that dispossession remains a governing theme. But dispossession due to land grabbing in India is not that simple. It is contingent upon the cultural subjectivities such as gender, caste, indigeneity, region and religion, which are local relations of power impacting land use and possession. In fact, the empirical studies prove the inseparability of the sociocultural realm with the economics of state-led land expropriation or market compulsion in the country. Thus, it is imperative to understand that the experiences of land grabbing and dispossession are highly contextual and diverse with an assemblage of perceptions over land.
Personhood, belonging, affect and affliction
Authors: Broom Alex , Lewis Sophie , Parker Rhiannon , Williams Veazey Leah , Kenny Katherine , Kirby Emma , Kokanović Renata , Lwin Zarnie , Koh Eng-Siew
Published: June 2021

What does migrancy mean for personhood, and how does this flow through caring relations? Drawing on life history interviews and photo elicitation with 43 people who identify as migrants and live with cancer, here we argue for the significance of recognising complex personhood as it inflects illness and care. Drawing on social science theory around temporalities, moralities and belonging, we assemble a series of cross-cutting themes at the intersection of personhood and care; relations that transcend cultural origins yet are vividly illustrated in relation to migrant pasts. In seeking a multidimensional view of personhood, we attend to the intersecting layers of complexity that make up care in this context vis-a-vis an emphasis on forms of difference, vulnerability and otherness. In this way, we develop an approach to personhood and care that broadens the lens on migrancy and cancer, but also, one that speaks to the importance of recognition of complexity and how it shapes care more generally.
A filament-level analysis on failure mechanism and ballistic limit of real-size multi-layer 2D woven fabrics under FSP impact
Authors: Ma Ying , Dippolito Mario , Miao Yuyang , Wang Youqi
Published: June 2021

This paper investigates the failure mechanism and fabric ballistic performance of real-size multi-layer 2D woven fabrics impacted by sharp-edge fragment simulating projectile (FSP). First, the relations between digital fiber shear force and bending rigidity are established under the modified digital element approach (DEA) framework. Then, a systematic parametric study was carried out on the ballistic impact of a 4-inch-long single yarn and 4-inch by 4-inch 2D woven fabric at near fiber level to solve for the relations of digital fiber moment of inertia and ballistic limit. The results show that for the same number of digital fibers per yarn model, the simulated ballistic limits are in direct proportion to digital fiber moment of inertia. The increase of the number of digital fibers per yarn, however, decreases the digital fiber moment of inertia effect on ballistic limits. Second, the 1- to 28-layer real-size 2D woven Kevlar KM2 fabrics are simulated at filament level against FSP on the cluster to estimate the V50 zone. The perforation process and failure mechanism of 4-layer fabric is investigated and analyzed in detail. The simulation results demonstrate the deformed fabric shape with respect to time and the damage modes at the impact area. Numerical results are compared with standard ballistic test results.
On the Abolition of Belonging as Property: Toward Justice for Immigrant Children of Color
Authors: Souto-Manning Mariana
Published: June 2021

Belonging matters in early childhood. Despite its importance, the majoritarian conceptualization of belonging is seldom problematized. In the US, the politics of belonging draws racialized lines of inclusion and exclusion, (re)inscribing longstanding racialized systems of inequity and injustice. Through critical race and Latina feminist perspectives and methodologies, an immigrant mother and son of Color examined their lived experiences. Findings unveil the urgency of upending formal racialized notions of belonging—for example, citizenship, co-naturalized with whiteness. Attending to the palpable consequences of ideological and relational borders that exclude and subjugate immigrants of Color, implications call for abolishing belonging as property and cultivating collective healing.
Computer Science Unplugged: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Battal Ali , Afacan Adanır Gülgün , Gülbahar Yasemin
Published: June 2021

The computer science (CS) unplugged approach intends to teach CS concepts and computational thinking skills without employing any digital tools. The current study conducted a systematic literature review to analyze research studies that conducted investigations related to implementations of CS unplugged activities. A systematic review procedure was developed and applied to detect and subsequently review relevant research studies published from 2010 to 2019. It was found that 55 research studies (17 articles + 38 conference proceedings) satisfied the inclusion criteria for the analysis. These research studies were then examined with regard to their demographic characteristics, research methodologies, research results, and main findings. It was found that the unplugged approach was realized and utilized differently among researchers. The majority of the studies used the CS unplugged term when referring to “paper–pencil activities,” “problem solving,” “storytelling,” “games,” “tangible programming,” and even “robotics.”
Critical health response in the time of COVID-19: lessons from the past
Authors: Patel Rabia Ruby , Monique Graham Tanya
Published: June 2021

This article examines the South African government’s response to COVID-19 by exploring the strong emphasis that has been placed on South Africans taking personal responsibility for good health outcomes. This emphasis is based on the principles of the traditional Health Belief Model which is a commonly used model in global health systems. More recently, there has been a drive towards other health behaviour change models, like the COM-B model and Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW); nonetheless, these remain entrenched within the principles of individual health responsibility. However, the South African experience with the HIV epidemic serves as a backdrop to demonstrate that holding people personally accountable for health behaviour changes has major pitfalls; health risk is never objective and does not take place outside of subjective experience. This article makes the argument that risk-taking health behaviour change in the South African context has to consider community empowerment and capacity building.
The Content of Nostalgic Memories Among People Living with Dementia
Authors: Ismail Sanda , Dodd Emily , Christopher Gary , Wildschut Tim , Sedikides Constantine , Cheston Richard
Published: June 2021

Although dementia may affect the reliability of autobiographical memories, the psychological properties of nostalgic memories may be preserved. We compared the content of nostalgic ( n = 36) and ordinary ( n = 31) narratives of 67 participants living with dementia. Narratives were rated according to their self-oriented, social, and existential properties, as well as their affective content. Social properties and affective content were assessed using a linguistic word count procedure. Compared to the ordinary narratives described in the control condition, nostalgic narratives described a typical events, expressed more positive affect, and had more expressions of self-esteem and self-continuity. They were also rated higher on companionship, connectedness and the closeness of relationships, and reflected life as being meaningful. Despite their cognitive impairment, people living with dementia experience nostalgia in similar ways to cognitively healthy adults, with their nostalgic narratives containing self-oriented, social, and existential properties.
Finding Feminism through Faith: Casa Yela, Popular Feminism, and the Women-Church Movement in Chile
Authors: Hiner Hillary
Published: June 2021

Among the popular feminist projects of the dictatorship period in Chile was the Yela group in Talca, made up of pobladoras (women shantytown residents) and two Maryknoll sisters. Of particular interest is the manner in which this group’s popular feminism and antiviolence work during the 1980s was shaped by the women-church movement and feminist theology related to patriarchy, violence against women, and women’s collective resistance strategies. Over the long term, religious elements were gradually excluded from Casa Yela’s antiviolence work in favor of more secular feminist interpretations.

Entre los proyectos feministas populares durante la época de la dictadura en Chile se encuentra la presencia del grupo Yela de Talca, formado por pobladoras (mujeres residentes de poblaciones) y dos hermanas Maryknoll. De particular interés es la forma en que el feminismo popular y antiviolencia de este grupo durante la década de 1980 se moldeó a partir del movimiento mujer-iglesia y la teología feminista relacionada con el patriarcado, la violencia contra las mujeres y las estrategias de resistencia colectiva de mujeres. A largo plazo, los elementos religiosos fueron gradualmente excluidos del trabajo antiviolencia de Casa Yela en favor de interpretaciones feministas más seculares.
The World March of Women: Popular Feminisms, Transnational Struggles
Authors: Díaz Alba Carmen Leticia
Published: June 2021

The World March of Women is an example of the transnationalization of popular feminism from below as defined by four elements: the diversity of women’s struggles, grassroots women as political subjects, alliances with mixed movements, and popular education as a feminist methodology. Class analysis is most prominent, with tensions and challenges linked to attempts to address issues of heteronormativity and racial colonialism, in part because of differences between local spaces in a global network and between relatively more localized and transnationalized scales of practice.

A Marcha Mundial das Mulheres é um exemplo de transnacionalização do feminismo popular desde abaixo definido por quatro elementos: diversidades nos obstáculos das mulheres, as mulheres de raiz como sujeitos políticos, alianças com movimentos mistos e educação popular como metodologia feminista. A análise de classe é mais proeminente, com tensões e desafios ligados às tentativas que abordam questões de heteronormatividade e colonialismo racial, em parte por causa das diferenças entre espaços locais dentro de uma rede global e entre escalas de prática relativamente locais e transnacionalizadas.
Robust structured controller synthesis for interleaved boost converters using an H∞ control method
Authors: Keskin Rıdvan , Aliskan Ibrahim , Daş Ersin
Published: June 2021

The regulation of output voltage and equivalent distribution of phase currents of multi-phase converters which have non-minimum phase characteristic are still challenges, especially in the presence of uncertainties in real parameters, duty cycle, input voltage, and load disturbances. However, in classical third-order integral-lead (Type-III) controller design methodologies, the controller is synthesized considering only the nominal performance conditions. This paper proposes a structured [Formula: see text] synthesis framework based on an optimization methodology to the design of a robust Type-III controller for interleaved boost converters. The structured [Formula: see text] control approach is adapted for optimization of Type-III feedback and feedforward controllers in two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) control system configuration. The robust stability of the closed-loop interleaved boost converter system against model uncertainties is ensured via the classical [Formula: see text]-analysis technique. Numerical comparisons are made among the classical, i.e. unstructured or full order, [Formula: see text]-based controller design method, a dual-loop PI controller, and proposed 1-DOF and 2-DOF structured controller synthesis approaches on an interleaved boost converter model. Simulation results verify the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed approach from the viewpoint of the output voltage regulation under different disturbance points.
The effect of opening windows on the airflow distribution inside naturally ventilated residential bedrooms with ceiling fans
Authors: Jayasree Thaliyara Kesavan , Jinshah Basheer Sheeba , Srinivas Tadepalli
Published: June 2021

Ceiling fans are the most common equipment in any household with electricity to induce a higher air movement since the potential of natural ventilation is limited. However, the higher airflow region is generally limited to the zone below the fan. The non-uniform distribution of airflow is also affected by the furniture layout and airflow from window openings. This study attempts to evaluate the effect of the different window-opening patterns on the airflow inside naturally ventilated bedrooms, having a ceiling fan for air movement with numerical simulations and on-site measurements. The airflow pattern created by a ceiling fan in a room with furniture is modelled and simulated with ANSYS Fluent 2019 R3. The results were validated with on-site measurements and compared with the literature. The air velocity was measured in bedrooms of three different sizes. It was observed that the opening of windows created a better distribution of air irrespective of room size. The non-uniformity of the air velocity is reduced from 76% to 39% with the opening of windows in the larger-sized room. The reduction in non-uniformity is influenced by the location of windows also. The practice of opening windows along with the induced air movement by ceiling fans results in a better distribution of air in the space.

Practical application: People tend to depend mainly on ceiling fans even if windows are open in naturally ventilated rooms. A study of patterns of non-uniform distribution of airflow can help designers to improve comfort conditions by specifying the number and location of fans and windows while designing room furniture layout. This aids the building services engineers to provide thermal comfort without always depending on alternative active ventilation strategies.
The link between urbanization, energy consumption, foreign direct investments and CO2 emanations: An empirical evidence from the emerging seven (E7) countries
Authors: Li Kaodui , Zu Jingqin , Musah Mohammed , Mensah Isaac A , Kong Yusheng , Owusu-Akomeah Michael , Shi Shuke , Jiang Qian , Antwi Stephen K , Agyemang Joseph K
Published: June 2021

This study investigated the link between energy consumption (EC), foreign direct investments (FDI), urbanization (URB) and CO2 emissions in the emerging seven (E7) countries for the period 1991 to 2014. The exploration made a methodological contribution by employing modern econometric methods that are robust to the issues of cross-sectional dependence and slope heterogeneity, so as to obtain valid and reliable outcomes. From the results, the panel under consideration was heterogeneous and cross-sectionally correlated. Also, the series were first differenced stationary and cointegrated in the long-run. The DCCEMG and the DCCEPMG estimators were engaged to explore the long-run elastic effects of the covariates on the response variable, and from the results, EC and URB were key promoters of CO2 effusions in the countries. However, FDI mitigated the emanation of CO2 in the nations. Additionally, economic growth (GDP) and population growth (POP) escalated the emittance of CO2 in the E7. On the D-H causality test outcomes, a feedback causality amid POP and CO2 effusions; GDP and CO2 excretions; FDI and CO2 emissivities; and between URB and CO2 secretions were discovered. Finally, a one-way causation from URB to the effluents of CO2 was unfolded. Based on the verdicts, policy suggestions were proposed to help abate the rate of CO2 exudations in the countries.
Management Strategy of Local Subcutaneous Effusion After Auricle Reconstruction
Authors: Guo Rui , Liu Tun , Wang Bingqing , Zhang Qingguo
Published: June 2021

Objectives:

Microtia is a severe congenital malformation of the external ear, and auricular reconstruction is still a challenge for plastic surgeons because of the complicated procedures and rare conditions. This study aimed to describe the location of subcutaneous effusion after auricular reconstruction and explore the clinical efficacy of the indwelling needle puncture drainage method in the treatment of local subcutaneous effusion.

Methods:

From January 2017 to December 2019, 1240 patients (1296 affected sides) who underwent auricular reconstruction using autogenous cartilage framework in the Plastic Surgery Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College were selected. The local subcutaneous effusion occurred within 5 days after the drainage tube was removed, and the indwelling needle was used for puncture and drainage in the postoperative treatment.

Results:

A total of 55 patients had subcutaneous effusion after the operation, including 24 cases with Nagata’s method and 31 cases with the expanded single-flap method. One patient showed no obvious reduction after puncture and drainage by indwelling needle and improved after the secondary operation. Two patients had slight cartilage absorption. The remaining patients had good results.

Conclusions:

The method of the indwelling needle for puncture and drainage is easy to operate. The problem of local subcutaneous effusion after auricular reconstruction can be solved and good efficacy can be obtained.
Using ISO and Semantic Web standard for building a multilingual terminology e-Dictionary: A use case of Chinese ceramic vases
Authors: Wei Tong , Roche Christophe , Papadopoulou Maria , Jia Yangli
Published: June 2021

Cultural heritage is the legacy of physical artefacts and intangible attributes of a group or society that is inherited from past generations. Terminology is a tool for the dissemination and communication of cultural heritage. The lack of clearly identified terminologies is an obstacle to communication and knowledge sharing. Especially, for experts with different languages, it is difficult to understand what the term refers to only through terms. Our work aims to respond to this issue by implementing practices drawn from the Semantic Web and ISO Terminology standards (ISO 704 and ISO 1087-1) and more particularly, by building in a W3C format ontology as knowledge infrastructure to construct a multilingual terminology e-Dictionary. The Chinese ceramic vases of the Ming and Qing dynasties are the application cases of our work. The method of building ontology is the ‘term-and-characteristic guided method’, which follows the ISO principles of Terminology. The main result of this work is an online terminology e-Dictionary. The terminology e-Dictionary could help archaeologists communicate and understand the concepts denoted by terms in different languages and provide a new perspective based on ontology for the digital protection of cultural heritage. The e-Dictionary was published at http://www.dh.ketrc.com/e-dictionary.html .
Sleep disturbance: The overlooked side after open heart surgery in adults
Authors: Bakry Ahmed MA , Abdelmohty Hysam , Badawy Ahmed E , Shorbagy Mohammed S , Eldib Osama S
Published: June 2021

Background

Sleep is essential for full mental and physical renewal. Cardiac surgery improves the life expectancy and quality. But unfortunately, some patients lacked that merit as they suffered sleep disturbance. We used validated questionnaire applied to 153 cardiac surgery patients to assess the sleep disturbances after surgery.

Results

About 70 (45.8%) had valve procedure, 55 (36%) had revascularization, 19 (12.4%) had both procedures and 9 (5.8%) had other procedures. The majority had no post-operative bleeding nor infection. About 78% had sleeping difficulty for one month. About 50% used different medications to fall asleep, mostly analgesics. About 76% slept after 2–6 h irrespective of sleep quality. Some patients had poor sleep quality in the form of nightmares and night terrors.

Conclusion

Sleep quality was disturbed immediately following cardiac surgery. There was a reduction of night sleep compensated by increased daytime sleepiness. These changes almost reverted one month after surgery.
Cerebrospinal fluid hemoglobin drives subarachnoid hemorrhage-related secondary brain injury
Authors: Akeret Kevin , Buzzi Raphael M , Schaer Christian A , Thomson Bart R , Vallelian Florence , Wang Sophie , Willms Jan , Sebök Martina , Held Ulrike , Deuel Jeremy W , Humar Rok , Regli Luca , Keller Emanuela , Hugelshofer Michael , Schaer Dominik J
Published: June 2021

Secondary brain injury after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH-SBI) contributes to poor outcomes in patients after rupture of an intracranial aneurysm. The lack of diagnostic biomarkers and novel drug targets represent an unmet need. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and pathophysiological association between cerebrospinal fluid hemoglobin (CSF-Hb) and SAH-SBI. In a cohort of 47 patients, we collected daily CSF-samples within 14 days after aneurysm rupture. There was very strong evidence for a positive association between spectrophotometrically determined CSF-Hb and SAH-SBI. The accuracy of CSF-Hb to monitor for SAH-SBI markedly exceeded that of established methods (AUC: 0.89 [0.85-0.92]). Temporal proteome analysis revealed erythrolysis accompanied by an adaptive macrophage response as the two dominant biological processes in the CSF-space after aneurysm rupture. Ex-vivo experiments on the vasoconstrictive and oxidative potential of Hb revealed critical inflection points overlapping CSF-Hb thresholds in patients with SAH-SBI. Selective depletion and in-solution neutralization by haptoglobin or hemopexin efficiently attenuated the vasoconstrictive and lipid peroxidation activities of CSF-Hb. Collectively, the clinical association between high CSF-Hb levels and SAH-SBI, the underlying pathophysiological rationale, and the favorable effects of haptoglobin and hemopexin in ex-vivo experiments position CSF-Hb as a highly attractive biomarker and potential drug target.
Endovascular interventions in main renal artery pathologies: an overview and update
Authors: Joseph Ansan , Valakkada Jineesh , Ayappan Anoop , Dandhaniya Divyesh
Published: June 2021

Renal arteries are involved in a wide spectrum of pathologies including atherosclerosis, fibromuscular dysplasia, Takayasu arteritis, aneurysms, and aortic type B dissections extending into main renal arteries. They manifest as renovascular hypertension, renal ischemia, and cardiovascular dysfunction. The location of the renal arteries in relation to the abdominal aortic aneurysm is a critical determinant of interventional options and long-term prognosis. This article provides a comprehensive review of the role of interventional radiologists in transcatheter interventions in various pathologies involving the main renal arteries with analysis of epidemiology, pathophysiology, newer interventional techniques, and management options.
Percutaneous closure of a fistula from the left circumflex coronary artery to the coronary sinus in an infant
Authors: Bao Yun , Xiong Tian-Yuan , Li Xiao , Feng Yuan
Published: June 2021

Coronary artery fistula is an abnormal direct connection between the coronary artery and any of the four chambers of the heart or great vessels. A fistula from the left circumflex coronary artery to the coronary sinus is a relatively rare situation. We report a case of 12-month-old infant with coronary artery fistula from the left circumflex coronary artery to the coronary sinus that was identified incidentally. The N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide level was elevated. Additionally, the proximal segment of the left circumflex coronary artery was dilated. On the basis of these findings, percutaneous closure of the fistula was performed with a vascular plug. This procedure achieved no residual flow and good hemodynamics were observed during follow-up.
Should science be evaluated?
Authors: Khomyakov Maxim
Published: June 2021

This article discusses different approaches to the evaluation of science and higher education. The author distinguishes three types of research assessment: one where substantial evaluation is an integral part of the research itself, a moral one, which implies ethical assessment of the research procedures and its implications, and a utilitarian assessment, which refers to the weighting of the research costs and benefits for society. It is this third type of evaluation that the article discusses in details. The author demonstrates that instead of evaluating costs and benefits per se, utilitarian evaluation today is based upon bibliometric indicators, which provide false expectations of objectivity and quantifiability and about the democratic nature of such research assessment. Bibliometric research indicators form also the basis of the institutional assessment of higher education organizations in the framework of world university rankings. The article problematizes the simplified concept of research university, in correspondence to which higher education institutions are evaluated according to the conducted research. The author claims that quantitative evaluation motivates individuals and organizations to adopt a certain type of opportunistic behavior, harmful for the organic development of research.
Parole Rules in the United States: Conditions of Parole in Historical Perspective, 1956–2020
Authors: Wiggins Benjamin , Rhine Edward E. , Crye Bree , Tu Robin , Mitchell Kelly Lyn
Published: June 2021

This article reports the results of our census of standard conditions of parole throughout the United States in 2020. Using in vivo qualitative content analysis, we coded standard conditions of parole for each of the United States’ 52 jurisdictions into categories that follow the model of the previous five censuses. Comparing our census with the previous five, we outlined the ways the standard conditions of parole have expanded significantly across the last 7 decades. Through this analysis, we identified four trends in the evolution of parole: the ever-expanding reach of technology in parole management, the increasing prevalence of fees and restitution imposed upon people on parole, a dramatic rise in the overall number of standard conditions, and an emergence of conditions related to reentry and rehabilitation.
University Lifelong Learning Programs and Perceived Employability: The Case of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Authors: Saridaki Sofia , Papavassiliou-Alexiou Ioanna
Published: June 2021

This qualitative research explores the impact of university lifelong learning programs on the participants’ perceived employability by examining six training programs implemented by the Lifelong Learning Center of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. The grounded theory approach was used throughout the research. After a set of data were gathered through face-to-face interviews with the programs’ directors, 21 semistructured interviews were conducted with people who attended the programs. Through a process of data coding and analysis, a theoretical model was developed. The findings indicated that the programs examined enhanced the three dimensions of the participants’ perceived employability (career identity, personal adaptability, and human and social capital). Moreover, the interviewees emphasized that universities should strengthen their links with the labor market and the local society, to meet the needs of a larger number of citizens.
A novel degradable tricalcium silicate/calcium polyphosphate/polyvinyl alcohol organic-inorganic composite cement for bone filling
Authors: Zhang Rongguang , Hu Jinbo , Chen Hong , Ding Zhengwen , Ouyang Yalan , Zhang Qiyi , Yan Yonggang
Published: June 2021

In this study, tricalcium silicate (C3S) calcium/polyphosphate/polyvinyl alcohol organic-inorganic self-setting composites were successfully designed. A variety of tests were conducted to characterize their self-setting properties, mechanical properties, degradation properties, and related biological properties. The composite bone cements showed a short setting time (5.5–37.5 min) with a 5:5–6:4 ratio of C3S/CPP to maintain a stable compressive strength (28 MPa). In addition, PVA effectively reduced the brittleness of the inorganic phase. Degradation experiments confirmed the sustainable surface degradation of bone cement. A maximum degradation rate of 49% was reached within 56 days, and the structure remained intact without collapse. Culturing MC3T3 cells with bone cement extracts revealed that the composite bone cements had excellent biological properties in vitro. The original extract showed a proliferation promotion effect on cells, whereas most of the other original extracts of degradable bone cements were toxic to the cells. Meanwhile, extracellular matrix mineralization and alkaline phosphatase expression showed remarkable effects on cell differentiation. In addition, a good level of adhesion of cells to the surfaces of materials was observed. Taken together, these results indicate that C3S/CPP/PVA composite bone cements have great potential in bone defect filling for fast curing.