bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Banking system stability in the context of the relationship between banks and the state
Authors:   Institute for Economics and Forecasting of NAS of Ukraine, Kornіvska V. O.
Published: November 2020

The article presents the results of a study of the banking system stability under the conditions of increased financial support from the state during the financial and economic destabilization. The banking system stability in the euro zone has been analyzed to assess the prospects for monetary and financial development in Ukraine. The European experience proves that strengthening relations between banks and the state amidst the financialization process is harmful. The author of the article treats this relationship as a closed-loop problem of public and financial liquidity circulation, which leads to financial bleeding in the real economy and destabilization of the financial system, as a whole. This problem requires to be fixed by reducing banking transactions with government securities. The article gives facts proving that the search for solutions to this problem made in the European financial space has become one of the factors of financial and institutional transformations in the euro zone and the EU, in general, and has led to the creation of a banking union. The newly introduced legal framework has manifested itself as unable to stimulate efficient financial distribution. It has also been demonstrated that due to the public and financial liquidity circulation the banking system becomes subject to profound redesigning, thus losing its ability to conduct effective financial distribution in the real sector of economy.
Cryptocurrency Assets in the Financial Accounting Systems
Authors:   National Technical University «Dnipro Polytechnic», Makurin A. A.
Published: November 2020

The article deals with constructing an asset accounting process and an algorithm for recognizing an object as an asset. The main approaches to the reflection of cryptocurrency in financial accounting are analyzed. The study showed that International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) still lack specific clarifications on the correctness of accounting and recognition of cryptocurrencies. Cryptocurrencies are suggested to be recognized as, intangible assets on the one hand, and as inventories, on the other. The research shows that before starting the process of accounting for any asset, it is necessary to determine, whether such a resource meets the definition of an asset. The article proves that cryptocurrency is an asset. However, attaching cryptocurrency to a certain group of assets turns out to be rather problematic. The main approaches to doing it are analyzed. Speaking formally, cryptocurrency is considered to be cash or cash equivalents. Cash and cryptocurrencies have been compared, and the main distinguishing features of these two assets have been considered. The conclusion is made that cryptocurrency should be evaluated at fair value, indicating the date of evaluation to fix actual market conditions. The measure of cryptocurrency when reflected in the financial reporting is the US dollar or its equivalent in the national currency as at the balance sheet date. The research has shown that depending on the type of the enterprise activity, cryptocurrency should be determined in the financial reporting, or the «balance sheet», as «intangible assets» (line code 1000), and the primary value of such an asset corresponds to line 1001, or inventories (line code 1100). Also, if the company’s accounting policy states that cryptocurrency is a financial investment, it should be reflected in line 1160.
Informal Employment as a Threat to Social Security in the Labor Market in Ukraine within an Economic Transformation
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Bondarevska K. V.
Published: November 2020

The specific features of informal employment, which is one of the main threats to social security in the labor market, in the context of transformational changes in the economic environment have been identified, and current trends in informal employment have been analyzed. The priority directions of the state policy aimed at eliminating the threats of the informal labor market have been substantiated. The main reasons for the spread of informal employment in Ukraine have been considered, taking into account the peculiarities of the current economic development, as well as the consequences of informal social and labor relations for both the employee and the state. The research has highlighted the current trends in informal employment in Ukraine’s labor market. This has been done by characterizing informal employment by job, place of residence, gender, age, education, industry and region. The results of the statistical grouping show an inverse relationship between informal employment, on the one hand, and gross regional product per capita, as well as disposable income per capita, on the other hand. Thus, with the increase in the scale of informal employment by region, both the gross regional product and disposable income are dropping. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the relationship between informal employment and the amount of disposable income per capita, which consists in the fact that low income pushes people to look for additional earnings and ways to overcome poverty, informal sources of wages and informal social and labor relations being among the latter. Given the significant negative impact of informal employment on the economic development in Ukraine’s regions and on the standard of living of the population, the following priority measures neutralizing the threat of informal social and labor relations have been named: creation of new official jobs in key economic areas, including industry, agro-industrial complex, construction, transport, etc.; development and introduction of innovative employment and self-employment forms with the official reporting of employment income; development of small and medium business through the application of practices used in advanced countries, e.g. providing tax benefits for the first two years of the enterprise activity; development of youth entrepreneurship by providing young people with preferential taxation and by simplifying the mechanisms of registering and licensing their activities; stricter control over the businesses’ compliance with labor and tax legislation and increasing the severity of penalties applied in case of violations.
International Systems for Assessing the Economic Security of a State: Some Integrated Approaches
Authors:   National University of Water Management and Natural Resources Use, Vashai Y. V. , Zhemba A. Y. ,   National University of Water Management and Natural Resources Use
Published: November 2020

The article is dedicated to analyzing the international approaches to assessing the state of economic security at the state level and countries’ place in the world economic ratings. The urgency of the topic lies in the fact that the methods of world rating agencies, which rank countries in certain economic spheres based on a set of economic indices, are becoming more and more widely used in macroeconomic analysis. This affects their investment attractiveness and requires scientific analysis to carry out economic security management. The article aims at studying the complex global methods of assessing economic security in order to see, whether it is possible to apply them for macroeconomic analysis in Ukraine. The article systematizes the approaches to the economic security analysis in terms of their main schools and fundamental provisions. Peculiarities of measuring global economic indices have been determined, their advantages and disadvantages have been analyzed. The authors have come to conclusion that narrow assessment of the state economic security, by a single aggregate index only, does not provide valuable macroeconomic analysis. International practice shows that using indices, which are based solely on financial analytical data, is only appropriate for assessing a country’s creditworthiness and financial stability, but is insufficient for internal management. If we consider economic security as a part of national security, then the connection between economic and national security becomes one of a hierarchical nature. However, nowadays, when the social and political ties become more and more complicated, economic and national security can be considered as identical concepts, given that economic context is present in almost all areas of national security.
Рeculiarities of the companys digital strategy depending on the business size
Authors: Kirzhetska M. , Kirzhetskyy Yu.
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this investigation is to initiate the discussion of the digital strategy and its differences for the enterprises depending on the business size. The objective of this investigation is to define the essence of digital strategy for enterprises depending on the enterprise business size. In order to achieve this goal the following scientific tasks are defined: to reveal the essence of the concept of the enterprise digital strategy; to determine the components of the enterprise digital strategy depending on the s business. In order to achieve these objectives, analysis of indicators of information and communication technologies application at the enterprises of Ukraine (including small businesses) and EU countries in 2019 is carried out. Analysis of statistical information makes it possible to conclude that implementation of digital strategies or their elements at Ukraine enterprises is due to the annual growth of the digital data share which is created, stored and processed. The authors summarized the results of scientific developments concerning the essence of the enterprise «digital strategy» concept. An integrated approach for the determination of the digital strategy place and role defines that the enterprise digital strategy is subordinate to the enterprise corporate strategy, and its application provides the implementation of enterprise strategic objectives due to the digital resources use. In large and medium-sized businesses, the operation and integration of digital technology deals with a large part of the company and can go beyond its limits affecting products, business-processes, sales channels and supply chains. The potential benefits of digitalization have the impact on sales or productivity growth, creation of new value or new forms of interaction with contractors. As for small business digital strategy, it is the basis for the enterprise business strategy formed intuitively taking into account the market needs and it is based on the capabilities of the digital economy due to the application of digital resources in various business functions. The main components of the small business digital strategy are more flexible and are based on personalized ways of attracting customers and form a new value proposition of the enterprise by integration of information and communication technologies in products and services. Particularly, the objectives of small business digital strategy will be achieved by means of the following tools: digital marketing; business process digitization; Internet presence; e-commerce; business flexibility management.
Introduction and implementation of the medium-term budget planning system in Ukraine: the experience of Germany
Authors: Dubyna M. , Honcharenko Yu. , Kalchenko O.
Published: November 2020

The need for effective budget planning in Ukraine in order to ensure effective and transparent implementation of the budget process generates the necessity for scientific understanding of the transfer of European practice of medium-term budget planning (MTBP) in domestic realities. Despite numerous developments of scientists concerning the possibilities of improving the procedure of medium-term budget planning (MTBP) in Ukraine, it is important to identify the features of its implementation based on the experienceof developed countries, which will allow us, taking into consideration the obtained results, to deepen further scientific and applied aspects of improving the medium-term budget planning system in Ukraine, to increase the efficiency of its implementation. One of such example is Germany's experience in introducing and implementing the medium-term budget planning. The main purpose of the investigation is the analysis of the budget planning in Ukraine, particularly, the factors influencing it, to determine the opportunities of the application of Germany’s experience concerning the introduction and implementation of the medium-term budget planning. The main advantages and disadvantages of using the MTBP procedure over the traditional (annual) budget are summarized in this paper. Factors of the MTBP development in Germany and other EU countries, particularly: effectiveness of regional practice; post-crisis period of national economies and the world economy; purposefulness of countries to the EU integration; significant amounts of public debt; implementation and enforcement of Directive 2011/85/EU in 2011 are established. Combination of all five preconditions available in Ukraine should ensure the accelerated development of the MTBP. It is determined that the use of German experience for the improvement of medium-term budget planning in Ukraine will contribute to rational distribution of budget resources between the budget system levels, increasing the level of predictability of the state budget policy, improving the macroeconomic balance, fiscal discipline and investment attractiveness of the country. It is noted that the non-fulfillment of the planned indicators of the state budget in Ukraine is due to the inefficient organization of the MTBP and the influence of macroeconomic environment factors.
Tax decentralization under local government reform conditions
Authors: Isanshyna G. , Dubynska O.
Published: November 2020

The primary objective of the paper is to investigate the main directions of decentralization reform, trends in local budget revenues in Ukraine, to assess the impact of decentralization reform on the structure and composition of local budgets financial resources, to identify the ways of their optimization. The main components of decentralization reform, the main practical results of territorial and fiscal decentralization in Ukraine are formulated in this paper. Analysis of the development of voluntary territorial communities association in the country during the last five years is carried out. The principles of public administration and the development of normative regulation of local self-government, voluntary association of territorial communities and their cooperation are investigated. It is determined that the practical result of administrative-territorial decentralization is to ensure the creation of new capable territorial entities – united territorial communities. The practical result of tax decentralization is the increase of financial capacity of the united territorial communities. The dynamics of the share of local taxes and fees in own revenues of the general local budgets fund is considered, special attention is paid to such national tax as personal income tax. The dependence of local budgets on transfers from the state budget is noted. And all this on the basis of achievement the ratio of state and local budget revenues of most EU countries is 50:50. The directions of reducing the risk of financial unreliability of local governments under COVID-19 conditions are determined. The difficulties of tax administration of large taxpayers; the main factors determining the size of the shadow economy in the country are investigated. There is no direct relationship between the level of taxation in Ukraine and the level shadow economy. The assessment of the extent of concealment and incomplete reporting of domestic businesses according to the survey in the framework of the SHADOW project is made. The consequences of increasing shadow economy share in the country are determined. The experience of several European countries in personal income taxation is studied, the peculiarities of granting the right to apply the social tax benefit from the personal income tax is determined. Recommendations for optimizing the taxation of individuals in terms of taxation of dividends are provided in this paper.
Continuities in Capitalism: Exploitation of Indentured and Migrant Labour
Authors: De Silva Kevin
Published: November 2020

Kevin De Silva is a third year student at the University of Toronto. He is completing his undergraduate degree in Political Science and Caribbean Studies, winning in 2010 the United Network of Indo-Caribbean Toronto Youths (U.N.I.T.Y.) Scholarship. He is a member of the Caribbean Studies Students’ Union, and is chief editor of Caribbean Quilt. He has also contributed to the Stabroek News in Guyana on issues concerning environmental politics and diaspora.
Torn 2
Authors: Rampersand Ashti-Leah Mindy
Published: November 2020

art
AIDS in Haiti: Situating the Incidence and Prevalence of AIDS in Structural Violence
Authors: Hasnain Samra
Published: November 2020

AIDS in Haiti: Situating the Incidence and Prevalence of AIDS in Structural Violence by Samra Hasnain
"YARA"
Authors: Williams-King Amber
Published: November 2020

"YARA" art by Amber Williams-King
Pum Pum Rule Jamaican Dance: An Analytic Response to the Inability to Recognize Female Sovereignty in Dancehall
Authors: Fullerton Leslie-Ann
Published: November 2020

"Pum Pum Rule Jamaican Dance: An Analytic Response to the Inability to Recognize Female Sovereignty in Dancehall" by Leslie-Ann Fullerton
Insecurity in Security: National Security in the Context of Tourism and Domestic Sustainment in the Caribbean
Authors: Sobers Melissa
Published: November 2020

Insecurity in Security: National Security in the Context of Tourism and Domestic Sustainment in the Caribbean by Melissa Sobers
Reparations in the Caribbean and Diaspora
Authors: Bicknell-Hersco Prilly
Published: November 2020

Millions of people have been victim to violent and inhumane social injustices, many of them based on racial and cultural hierarchies. The Nazi Holocaust or the colonization of North America through the genocide of indigenous populations are examples of such instances. When these victims have no direct claim on those who committed the harm, the victims turn to the government for reparations. It can be said that the enslavement of Africans in the Caribbean is another painful and violent injustice, yet few reparations, if any at all, have been paid out to those most affected by the transatlantic slave trade. In 2013, CARICOM released an official request for Reparations for the Native Genocide and Slavery from the United Kingdom and the other European colonies. The discussion of reparations for slavery has ignited debate worldwide.
Quantitative Voronovskaya-Type Theorems for Fejér-Korovkin Operators
Authors: Bustamante Jorge , Flores De Jesús Lázaro
Published: November 2020

In recent times quantitative Voronovskaya type theorems have been presented in
spaces of non-periodic continuous functions. In this work we proved similar results
but for Fejér-Korovkin trigonometric operators. That is we measure the rate of convergence
in the associated Voronovskaya type theotem. Recall that these operators provide the optimal rate in approximation
by positive linear operators. For the proofs we present new
inequalities related with trigonometric polynomials as well as with the convergence factor
of the Fej\'er-Korovkin operators. Our approach includes spaces of
Lebesgue integrable functions.
Linear Nuclear Acoustic Waves in Degenerate Quantum Plasma
Authors: Hasan M , Zaman DMS
Published: November 2020

A rigorous theoretical investigation has been made on the linear propagation of electrostatic perturbation modes of degenerate pressure driven modified nucleus-acoustic (DPDMNA) ‘waves in a degenerate quantum plasma (DQP) system. It contains cold inertia-less degenerate electron species (DES), cold inertial non-degenerate light nucleus species (LNS) and stationary heavy nucleus species (HNS) which maintains the quasi-neutrality condition at equilibrium only. The mass density of the cold LNS provides the inertia and the cold inertia-less cold LNS provides the inertia and the cold inertia-less DES gives rise to the restoring force. The reductive perturbation method has been used for the study of nonlinear propagation of the DPDMNA waves. The basic features of linear waves are supervised in a theoretical manner. It has been observed that the phase speed of DPDMNA waves changes with the change of charge density of the stationary HNS for both non-relativistic and ultra-relativistic DES; The NA waves with their dispersion properties which are consequential in various astrophysical and laboratory plasmas, have been broadly considered.

GUB JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol 5(1), Dec 2018 P 20-23
Heat and mass transfer effect on a radiative second grade MHD flow in a porous medium over a stretching sheet
Authors: Baitharu A. P. , Sahoo Sachidananda , Dash G. C.
Published: November 2020

A study on heat and mass transfer of a steady laminar boundary layer flow of an electrically conducting fluid of second grade in a porous medium subject to a uniform magnetic field past a semi-infinite stretching sheet with power law surface temperature or power law surface heat flux. The variations in fluid velocity, fluid temperature and species concentration are displayed graphically whereas the numerical values of skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are presented in tabular form for various values of the pertinent flow parameters. The asymptotic expansions of the solutions for large Prandtl number are also given for the two heating conditions. The temperature distribution decreases with the increase in thermal radiation parameter in case of PST and PHF. The rate of mass transfer at the solid surface increases in the presence of magnetic field and decreases with heavier diffusing species.
Surgical error
Authors: Sharfuzzaman A M S M
Published: November 2020

Abstract not available

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2018) Vol. 22 (1): 9-10
Socity News
Authors: Sultana Professor Salma
Published: November 2020

Abstract not available

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2018) Vol. 22 (1) : 73-74
HER2 Expression in Gastric Cancer and Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer
Authors: Rahman Md Azizur , Ansari Abdullah Md Abu Ayub , Islam Kazi Mazharul , Rahman Md Aminur , Matin ABM Abdul , Saha Tapan Kumar , Jamal ABM
Published: November 2020

Background: Carcinoma of the stomach is a major cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Due to social impact of gastric carcinoma (GC), there is a need to stratify patients into appropriate screening, surveillance and treatment programs. Although histopathology remains the most reliable and less expensive method, numerous efforts have been made to identify and validate novel biomarkers to accomplish the goals. In recent years, several molecules have been identified and tested for their clinical relevace in GC management. Among the biomarkers with the exception of HER2, none of the biomarkers is currently used in clinical practice, and some of them were described in single studies.

Materials and Methods: This prospective type of observational study was performed in the Department of Surgery, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, 6 months from approval of protocol. Total 45 consecutive patients aged 18 years and above without consideration of gender were selected purposefully. Every patient was evaluated by clinical examination, appropriate investigations and after a confirm diagnosis of the tissue from the cancer. All patients have undergone operative intervention and Gastrectomy specimens were subtotal (including cardiac and pylorus), subtotal (including the pylorus), total radical gastrectomy and oesophago-gastrectomy sample. All specimens obtained were immersed in 10% formalin. Samples of whom were sent to the department of pathology, DMCH for histopathology examination. Portion of representative tissue/block was sent to AFIP (Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Dhaka) for immunohistochemistry to find out the HER2 expression in gastric cancer and gastro-oesophageal cancer. Data was collected in a pre-designed questionnaire by face to face interview.

Result and observation: In this study when 45 cases were categorized according to WHO grading system it was observed that majority (30) patients were found in grade II, among them 3(10%) were HER2 positive. But with grade III tumour the HER2 positivity were found more i,e; 37.5% (3/8). Grade- I tumor show HER2 neu expression 28.57% (2/7) and according to location most of the cases with HER2 positive expression was located in the gastro-esophageal junction which is 27.27% (3/11) than gastric carcinoma which is 14.70% (5/34).

Conclusion: Most of the patients of gastric and gastrooesophageal junction adenocarcinoma are diagnosed at a very late stage, so they require special attention in treatment protocol, including chemotherapy and immunotherapy for increasing their survivability. The study showed with poorly differentiated (high grade) tumour, the HER2 positivity were found more.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2018) Vol. 22 (2) : 79-82
Does Mild to Moderate Renal Dysfunction in Non-Dialysis Dependent Patients
Authors: Sazzad Md Faizus , Yasmin Farzana , Salekin Mohammad Serajus , Musa Shamsul Arif Md , Saklayen SMG , Hoque Anamul , Siraj Masoom
Published: November 2020

Objectives: Algorithms of risk stratification for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) do not include a weighting for preoperative mild to moderate renal impairment defined as a serum creatinine 130 to 199mmol/L, which may impact mortality and morbidity after CABG. Hence our first objective was to ascertain the effect of a mild-to-moderate elevation in the preoperative serum creatinine level on post-operative outcomes. Our second objective was to ascertain which patient variables contributed to an increase in the serum creatinine level in association with coronary artery bypass grafting.

Materials and methods: We reviewed the prospectively collected data from the cardiac surgical database, which holds clinical information on all the patients undergoing cardiac surgery at our department since July 2014 to June 2017. A total of 101 patients who had known pre-existing mild to moderate renal disease and who were undergoing first-time coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass were recruited for the study. Patients were divided, based on preoperative serum creatinine level, into 3 groups as follows: Group A: creatinine level of less than 130μmol/L; Group B: creatinine level of 130 to 159μmol/L; and Group C: creatinine level of 160μmol/L or greater.

Result: Multivariate logistic regression showed that elevation of the preoperative serum creatinine level to 130μmol/L or greater increased the likelihood of hemodialysis postoperatively (P<0.001), as well as the need for postoperative ICU stay (P<0.001). Other factors contributing to a prolonged ICU stay were being 60 years of age or older (P=0.007), having a preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction of less than 40% (P=0.001), and having a prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time (P< 0.001). In-hospital mortality was also significantly elevated in Group B and Group C; P=0.045 and <0.001 respectively with a few factors contributing to an increase in mortality on multivariable analysis were being female (P<0.001), being 60 years of age or older (P=0.004), having a preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction of less than 40% (P=0.006), and having a prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time (P<0.001). Of particular note, the method of myocardial protection (cardioplegia with or without topical cooling) did not significantly influence in-hospital mortality, need for mechanical renal support, or ICU stay.

Conclusions: Mild to moderate renal dysfunction is an important predictor of outcome in terms of inhospital mortality, morbidity, and midterm survival in patients undergoing CABG. As the preoperative serum creatinine level increases further (³160 μmol/L), this effect is more pronounced.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2018) Vol. 22 (2) : 104-109
Syringocystadenoma Papilliferum of the Scalp in an Adult Male
Authors: Tarique Abdullah Al , Khanduker Nabila
Published: November 2020

Syringocystadenoma papilliferum is a rare skin tumour developing from eccrine or apocrine sweat gland. Though it usually appears in early life, it may occur in adult also. The clinical variants are plaques, linear and nodular. Head-neck region is affected most. Associations with naevus sebaceous, basal cell carcinoma or even squamous cell carcinoma have been described. Diagnosis is suspected clinically and confirmed by histopathology. Rapid growth, bleeding and ulceration indicate possible malignant transformation. Excision biopsy followed by reconstruction of the primary defect is the treatment of choice.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2018) Vol. 22 (2) : 139-141
The Twisted Colon: A Review of Sigmoid Volvulus
Authors: Alam ABM Khurshid , Bhuiyan Masfique Ahmed , Zim Hasnat Zaman , Das Tapas Kumar
Published: November 2020

In sigmoid volvulus (SV), the sigmoid colon wraps around itself and its mesentery. Sigmoid volvulus accounts for 2% to 50% of all colonic obstructions and has an interesting geographic dispersion. SV generally affects adults, and it is more common in males. The etiology of sigmoid volvulus is multifactorial and controversial; the main symptoms are abdominal pain, distention, and constipation, while the main signs are abdominal distention and tenderness. Routine laboratory findings are not pathognomonic: Plain abdominal X-ray radiographs show a dilated sigmoid colon and multiple small or large intestinal air-fluid levels, and abdominal CT and MRI demonstrate a whirled sigmoid mesentery. Flexible endoscopy shows a spiral sphincter-like twist of the mucosa. The diagnosis of sigmoid volvulus is established by clinical, radiological, endoscopic, and sometimes operative findings. Although flexible endoscopic detorsion is advocated as the primary treatment choice, emergency surgery is required for patients who present with peritonitis, bowel gangrene, or perforation or for patients whose non-operative treatment is unsuccessful. Although emergency surgery includes various non-definative or definitive procedures, resection with primary anastomosis is the most commonly recommended procedure. After a successful nonoperative detorsion, elective sigmoid resection and anastomosis is recommended. The overall mortality is 10% to 50%, while the overall morbidity is 6% to 24%.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2019) Vol. 23(2): 90-94
El concepto de tratamiento all-on-four en el tratamiento de pacientes con prótesis fija de arcada completa
Authors: Aldana Caceres Alejandro , Barcena Taco Jaime
Published: November 2020

El objetivo de esta revisión es analizar el tratamiento de pacientes edéntulos a través de prótesis fijas sobre cuatro implantes colocados el mismo día de la intervención bajo el concepto del tratamiento all-on-four. Se revisa ejes centrales como el manejo de la técnica, planificación y evaluación. Finalmente, se muestran resultados en los que se aplican la técnica en mención, obtenidos a través de la búsqueda automatizada en la base de datos PubMED, SCOPUS, SciELO, Cochrane y NGC. A través de la revisión de artículos publicados, se determinó que la utilización de implantes inclinados mejoró el desempeño clínico protésico al favorecer la distribución poligonal de los implantes, minimizar el cantiléver, evitar tratamientos de injertos óseos, minimizar la morbilidad quirúrgica, disminuir los tiempos y costos.
Utilizando a Derivada para inferir sobre a velocidade de contaminação do novo Coronavírus: uma possibilidade para as aulas de Cálculo
Authors: Lobo Rogério dos Santos
Published: November 2020

Este artigo foi motivado pelo questionamento dos estudantes acerca da curva de contaminação do novo coronavírus. Aproveitamos essa hesitação e fomos além: ao estimularmos os alunos em como encontrar a expressão matemática, que representava tal curva e a seguir levantamos a hipótese: por meio desta fórmula, poderíamos operar com a Derivada para inferir na velocidade de contaminação. Para respondermos a essas problemáticas, recorremos aos Registros de Representação Semiótica, Sentido Holístico da Derivada, Modelagem Matemática, Excel e o Geogebra. No trabalho, indicamos como operacionalizamos nosso referencial teórico-metodológico para atendermos as indagações. A união dos dados, noticiados pelos veículos de comunicação à sala de aula, revelou que esta pesquisa poderá ser aproveitada como referência para possibilidades de intervenções pedagógicas nas aulas de cálculo diferencial; além disso, conseguimos empregar essa temática do artigo a diversas outras situações do cotidiano.
Duration as a focus-marking device in Cantonese
Authors: Li Katrina Kechun , Nolan Francis
Published: November 2020

Pitch register is found to be the major prosodic device for marking focus in tone languages like Mandarin, with on-focal boosting and post-focal compression. However, both are limited or even missing in Cantonese, leading to the claim that Cantonese does not rely on prosodic cues to mark focus and prefers morphosyntactic means. The current study reveals how duration, another prosodic parameter, is systematically manipulated under focus, and interacts with lexical tones and syntactic markers. The results show that: (1) both on-focal lengthening and post-focal duration compression are present; (2) the presence of syntactic markers further increases the on-focal lengthening due to its strong pragmatic meaning, yet cancels out the post-focal compression; (3) checked tones resist lengthening, but the duration of preceding syllable increases as a compensation. We concluded that Cantonese uses different prosodic marking device compared to Mandarin, which is related to their differences in word prosody.
Post-Disaster Collaboration between Governmental and Non-Governmental Stakeholders: The Case of Bam Earthquake, Iran
Authors: Hosseinpourtehrani Mina , Ahmed Iftekhar , Maund Kim
Published: November 2020

Research on cross-sector collaboration has grown over the past decade. This model of collaboration brings organizations in two or more sectors together, to link or share information, resources, activities and capabilities when no single organization has enough time, money, knowledge or authority to address them alone. In a post-disaster period, the governmental organizations particularly in developing countries usually are unable to provide all necessary services alone; hence, collaboration with other agencies is required. In the last decades, studies have used the viewpoint of collaboration between NGOs and the government, and shown a beneficial relationship between them. Most studies have focused on the structures of the collaboration in the aftermath of disasters with hierarchies, protocols, authoritarian roles and the standardization of procedures but there is a gap in analysing the process factors and the interaction of process and structural factors influencing the collaboration during post-disaster period. In this study, the aim is to identify the main factors of process and structures influencing the collaboration between Iranian government and NGOs after the earthquake in Bam city in Iran in 2003. Analysing the content of the previous studies showed that lack of experience on how to deal with disasters and unclear tasks as well as insufficient trust and mutual understanding between the actors were the main reasons of failure in collaboration. The lack of specific organizational tasks at a given time led to exacerbate the tension in the process of working together; increase the lack of common understanding, and fail to achieve the mutual goal.
İstinat Duvarlarına Etki Eden Statik ve Dinamik Toprak Basınç Kuvvetlerinin TDY-2007 ve TBDY-2018 Yönetmeliklerine Göre Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Yüksel Yusuf Ziya , Akbaş Şeref Doğuşcan
Published: November 2020

İstinat duvarları farklı kotlarda bulunan doğal veya dolgu zeminlerin yanal etkilerinden dolayı oluşan göçmesini engellemek amacıyla kullanılan yapılardır. İstinat duvarları toprak basınç kuvvetleri, duvar ağırlığı, sürşarj yükü, sismik yükler gibi farklı yüklere maruz kalırlar. Bu çalışmada bir konsol istinat duvarına etki eden toprak basınç yükleri DBYBHY ile TBDY yönetmeliklerine hesaplanmış ve her iki yönetmeliğe göre elde edilen sonuçlar kıyaslanmıştır. Sürşarj yükü ile birlikte dinamik durumlarda toprak basınç kuvvetleri DBYBHY ile TBDY yönetmeliklerine göre elde edilmiş, farklı geometrik, yük, zemin ve dinamik parametrelere göre sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada, her iki yönetmeliğe göre istinat duvarının güvenlik tahkikleri yapılmış ve etraflıca parametrik çalışmalar ile eski ve yeni yönetmeliklerdeki farklar sunulmuştur.
OTOMATISASI SAKLAR KENDARAAN BERMOTOR RODA 2 BERBASIS SISTEM SENSOR PENDETEKSI SUARA NIRKABEL SEBAGAI PENGGANTI SAKLAR KONVENSIONAL
Authors: Agus Salim Alfi Tranggono , Susanto Fredy , Wennas Agil Ferdiano , Firdausi Hageng , Prasetya Rudy , Pangestu Muhammad Aji , Prastiawan Sebastian Yudith , NOVIA PUTRI
Published: November 2020

This project aims to change the conventional ignition mechanism to beautomatic by utilizing the microcontroller-based technology. The driver startsthe engine using a smartphone microphone and bluetooth smartphone thentransmitted to the HC-06 bluetooth module that connected to the Arduino uno tomove the 5v relay module wirelessly The driver can start the engine by openingthe Arduino bluetooth voice controller application on the smartphone and thencommands the sound then sends a signal to the Arduino Uno to start the enginewithout using a conventional ignition key. Wireless communication between thesmartphone and the actuator on a motorized vehicle can function properly if usedwith a range of distances from 1 meter - 50 meters with the condition that thesensor has been applied to the vehicle
OPTIMALISASI TEKANAN SHOCK ABSORBER DAN TEKANAN PEGAS COIL TERHADAP GETARAN MOBIL
Authors: Listiyono Listiyono Yono , Nurhadi Nurhadi , Hardjito Agus
Published: November 2020

Safety and comfort are the valuable factor for the driver. One of the safety factor refers to the steering accuracy. Steering wheel hardness must be soft when turning but remain stable in straight track. The comfort factor refers to the bouncing effect when the car passing in rough track. Those two factors is depend on the shock absorber components. This study aims to know the optimum gas pressure and spring pressure to obtain the maximum vibration reduction. This study use the experimental methods use the 6 bar, 8 bar, and 10 bar of absorber pressure. The spring pressure used in this study is 20 , 25  dan 30 (Kg/cm2). The data obtained were analyzed with MINITAB software. From the results of research on Optimizing Shock Absorber Pressure and Coil Spring Pressure Against Car Vibrations can be concluded as follows: 1. There is an influence of absorber pressure and spring pressure on the suspension on the amount of vehicle vibration. The optimum absorber pressure is 10 (bar). 2. The optimum coil spring pressure at 24 (kg / cm2).
PENGARUH PARAMETER LAS PADA SAMBUNGAN PLUG WELDING LOGAM TAK SEJENIS ANTARA CARBON STEEL DAN STAINLESS STEEL DENGAN FILLER E308L
Authors: Haikal Haikal , Suseno Surya , Chamim Moch. , Isnarno Isnarno
Published: November 2020

Plug welding is one of the welding methods of joining material with filling techniques using filler metal. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in electrical current and depth of artificial penetration of Ø8 mm holes on the failure mode and tensile load bearing capacity of dissimilar metal plug welding connections between SS 304 series stainless steels and SS 400 series carbon steels. used are 200, 215 and 230 A while the variation in depth of artificial penetration with diameter of Ø8 mm is 0, 1 and 2 mm. The results of this study indicate that the variation of the welding current without any artificial penetration (0 mm) results in an interfacial failure failure mode. While the existence of artificial penetration with a depth of 1-2 mm produces pull out failure mode. The results of the shear tensile test showed that the highest welding strength was obtained at a variation of 230 A with a hole depth of 1 mm at an average of 12.6 kN while in the hole depth parameters 0 and 2 mm the weld strength values ​​were obtained at a mean of 5.6 and 7.8 kN.
Metabolic Reprogramming—A New Era How to Prevent and Treat Graft Versus Host Disease After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Has Begun
Authors: Kumari Reena , Palaniyandi Senthilnathan , Hildebrandt Gerhard C.
Published: November 2020

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the solitary therapeutic therapy for many types of hematological cancers. The benefits of this procedure are challenged by graft vs. host disease (GVHD), causing significant morbidity and mortality. Recent advances in the metabolomics field have revolutionized our understanding of complex human diseases, clinical diagnostics and allow to trace the de novo biosynthesis of metabolites. There is growing evidence for metabolomics playing a role in different aspects of GVHD, and therefore metabolomic reprogramming presents a novel tool for this disease. Pre-transplant cytokine profiles and metabolic status of allogeneic transplant recipients is shown to be linked with a threat of acute GVHD. Immune reactions underlying the pathophysiology of GVHD involve higher proliferation and migration of immune cells to the target site, requiring shifts in energy supply and demand. Metabolic changes and reduced availability of oxygen result in tissue and cellular hypoxia which is extensive enough to trigger transcriptional and translational changes. T cells, major players in acute GVHD pathophysiology, show increased glucose uptake and glycolytic activity. Effector T (Teff) cells activated during nutrient limiting conditions in vitro or multiplying during GVHD in vivo, depend more on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Dyslipidemia, such as the increase of medium and long chain fatty and polyunsaturated acids in plasma of GVHD patients, has been observed. Sphingolipids associate with inflammatory conditions and cancer. Chronic GVHD (cGVHD) patients show reduced branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and increased sulfur-containing metabolites post HSCT. Microbiota-derived metabolites such as aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands, bile acids, plasmalogens and short chain fatty acids vary significantly and affect allogeneic immune responses during acute GVHD. Considering the multitude of possibilities, how altered metabolomics are involved in GVHD biology, multi-timepoints related and multivariable biomarker panels for prognosticating and understanding GVHD are needed. In this review, we will discuss the recent work addressing metabolomics reprogramming to control GVHD in detail.
Tillage Effects on Cotton Performance and Soil Quality in an Irrigated Arid Cropping System
Authors: Idowu Omololu John , Sultana Sifat , Darapuneni Murali , Beck Leslie , Steiner Robert , Omer Mohammed
Published: November 2020

Reducing tillage has become necessary in irrigated, arid cropping systems in southwestern USA, to address soil degradation and erosion problems associated with intensive soil tillage. A study was conducted in arid southwestern USA, to compare a reduced tillage method (strip tillage) to two conventional tillage methods (plow tillage and raised bed tillage) for irrigated upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) production. Strip tillage (ST) was established in a single pass by a strip tillage equipment, while the plow tillage (PT) consisted of plowing, disking the soil twice, subsoiling and harrowing. The raised bed tillage (BT) consisted of all the tillage operations under PT method, with an additional tillage event to shape the beds. Crop and soil parameters were assessed during the growing seasons. Soil physical and biological measurements were assessed at the beginning of the trial before planting, and at the end of each cropping season. Results show no significant differences in cotton yield and fiber quality parameters under the tillage systems tested. Out of the soil physical measurements assessed, the cone index (CI) significantly differed with tillage systems during the mid-season assessments, with BT generally having better CI than ST and PT. Other physical measurements were not significant with tillage, but significantly declined over time irrespective of tillage treatments. Out of the soil biological measurements assessed, the total fungal biomass and the arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi biomass were significant with tillage, with ST and BT having higher measurements than PT. In contrast to soil physical measurements that declined, most of the soil biological measurements improved over time. Comparing some soil biological measurements at the beginning to the end of the trial across the tillage treatments, the total microbial biomass increased from 714 to 3565 ng/g, the total bacterial biomass increased from 321 to 1478 ng/g, and the total fungal biomass increased from 84 to 436 ng/g. This study shows that ST can perform adequately for sustainable cotton production in an irrigated arid region of United States.
Biodiversity, Ecology, and Secondary Metabolites Production of Endophytic Fungi Associated with Amaryllidaceae Crops
Authors: Caruso Gianluca , Golubkina Nadezhda , Tallarita Alessio , Abdelhamid Magdi T. , Sekara Agnieszka
Published: November 2020

Amaryllidaceae family comprises many crops of high market potential for the food and pharmaceutical industries. Nowadays, the utilization of plants as a source of bioactive compounds requires the plant/endophytic microbiome interactions, which affect all aspects of crop’s quantity and quality. This review highlights the taxonomy, ecology, and bioactive chemicals synthesized by endophytic fungi isolated from plants of the Amaryllidaceae family with a focus on the detection of pharmaceutically valuable plant and fungi constituents. The fungal microbiome of Amaryllidaceae is species- and tissue-dependent, although dominating endophytes are ubiquitous and isolated worldwide from taxonomically different hosts. Root sections showed higher colonization as compared to bulbs and leaves through the adaptation of endophytic fungi to particular morphological and physiological conditions of the plant tissues. Fungal endophytes associated with Amaryllidaceae plants are a natural source of ecofriendly bioagents of unique activities, with special regard to those associated with Amarylloidae subfamily. The latter may be exploited as stimuli of alkaloids production in host tissues or can be used as a source of these compounds through in vitro synthesis. Endophytes also showed antagonistic potential against fungal, bacterial, and viral plant diseases and may find an application as alternatives to synthetic pesticides. Although Amaryllidaceae crops are cultivated worldwide and have great economic importance, the knowledge on their endophytic fungal communities and their biochemical potential has been neglected so far.