bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cost-effectiveness of implementing a digital psychosocial intervention for patients with psychotic spectrum disorders in low- and middle-income countries in Southeast Europe: Economic evaluation alongside a cluster randomised trial
Authors: Feng Y. , Roukas C. , Russo M. , Repišti S. , Džubur Kulenović A. , Injac Stevović L. , Konjufca J. , Markovska-Simoska S. , Novotni L. , Ristić I. , Smajić-Mešević E. , Uka F. , Zebić M. , Vončina L. , Bobinac A. , Jovanović N.
Published: August 2022

Background

DIALOG+ is a digital psychosocial intervention aimed at making routine meetings between patients and clinicians therapeutically effective. This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of implementing DIALOG+ treatment for patients with psychotic disorders in five low- and middle-income countries in Southeast Europe alongside a cluster randomised trial.

Methods

Resource use and quality of life data were collected alongside the multi-country cluster randomised trial of 468 participants with psychotic disorders. Due to COVID-19 interruptions of the trial’s original 12-month intervention period, adjusted costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were estimated at the participant level using a mixed-effects model over the first 6 months only. We estimated the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) with uncertainty presented using a cost-effectiveness plane and a cost-effectiveness acceptability curve. Seven sensitivity analyses were conducted to check the robustness of the findings.

Results

The average cost of delivering DIALOG+ was €91.11 per participant. DIALOG+ was associated with an incremental health gain of 0.0032 QALYs (95% CI –0.0015, 0.0079), incremental costs of €84.17 (95% CI –8.18, 176.52), and an estimated ICER of €26,347.61. The probability of DIALOG+ being cost-effective against three times the weighted gross domestic product (GDP) per capita for the five participating countries was 18.9%.

Conclusion

Evidence from the cost-effectiveness analyses in this study suggested that DIALOG+ involved relatively low costs. However, it is not likely to be cost-effective in the five participating countries compared with standard care against a willingness-to-pay threshold of three times the weighted GDP per capita per QALY gained.
Modeling Spitz melanoma in zebrafish using sequential mutagenesis
Authors: Mito Jeffrey K. , Weber Margaret C. , Corbin Alexandra , Murphy George F. , Zon Leonard I.
Published: August 2022

Spitz neoplasms are a diverse group of molecularly and histologically defined melanocytic tumors with varying biologic potentials. The precise classification of Spitz neoplasms can be challenging. Recent studies have revealed recurrent fusions involving multiple kinases in a large proportion of Spitz tumors. In this study, we generated a transgenic zebrafish model of Spitz melanoma using a previously identified ZCCHC8-ROS1 fusion gene. Animals developed grossly apparent melanocytic proliferations as early as 3 weeks of age and overt melanoma as early as 5 weeks. By 7 weeks, ZCCHC8-ROS1 induced a histologic spectrum of neoplasms ranging from hyperpigmented patches to melanoma. Given the swift onset of these tumors during development, we extended this approach into adult fish using a recently described electroporation technique. Tissue-specific expression of ZCCHC8-ROS1 in adults led to melanocyte expansion without overt progression to melanoma. Subsequent electroporation with tissue-specific CRISPR, targeting only tp53 was sufficient to induce transformation to melanoma. Our model exhibits the use of sequential mutagenesis in the adult zebrafish, and demonstrates that ZCCHC8-ROS1 induces a spectrum of melanocytic lesions that closely mimics human Spitz neoplasms.
Quality reporting of radiomics analysis in pituitary adenomas: promoting clinical translation
Authors: Won So Yeon , Lee Narae , Park Yae Won , Ahn Sung Soo , Ku Cheol Ryong , Kim Eui Hyun , Lee Seung-Koo
Published: August 2022

Objective:

To evaluate the quality of radiomics studies on pituitary adenoma according to the radiomics quality score (RQS) and Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis (TRIPOD).

Methods:

PubMed MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched to identify radiomics studies on pituitary adenomas. From 138 articles, 20 relevant original research articles were included. Studies were scored based on RQS and TRIPOD guidelines.

Results:

Most included studies did not perform pre-processing; isovoxel resampling, signal intensity normalization, and N4 bias field correction were performed in only five (25%), eight (40%), and four (20%) studies, respectively. Only two (10%) studies performed external validation. The mean RQS and basic adherence rate were 2.8 (7.6%) and 26.6%, respectively. There was a low adherence rate for conducting comparison to “gold-standard” (20%), multiple segmentation (25%), and stating potential clinical utility (25%). No study stated the biological correlation, conducted a test–retest or phantom study, was a prospective study, conducted cost-effectiveness analysis, or provided open-source code and data, which resulted in low-level evidence. The overall adherence rate for TRIPOD was 54.6%, and it was low for reporting the title (5%), abstract (0%), explaining the sample size (10%), and suggesting a full prediction model (5%).

Conclusion:

The radiomics reporting quality for pituitary adenoma is insufficient. Pre-processing is required for feature reproducibility and external validation is necessary. Feature reproducibility, clinical utility demonstration, higher evidence levels, and open science are required. Titles, abstracts, and full prediction model suggestions should be improved for transparent reporting.

Advances in knowledge:

Despite the rapidly increasing number of radiomics researches on pituitary adenoma, the quality of science in these researches is unknown. Our study indicates that the overall quality needs to be significantly improved in radiomics studies on pituitary adenoma, and since the concept of RQS and IBSI is still unfamiliar to clinicians and radiologist researchers, our study may help to reach higher technical and clinical impact in the future study.
The effect of cumulative early life adversities, and their differential mediation through hair cortisol levels, on childhood growth and cognition: Three-year follow-up of a birth cohort in rural India
Authors: Mukherjee Debarati , Bhopal Sunil , Bhavnani Supriya , Sharma Kamal Kant , Roy Reetabrata , Divan Gauri , Mandal Siddhartha , Soremekun Seyi , Kirkwood Betty , Patel Vikram
Published: August 2022

Background: Early adversities negatively impact children’s growth and development, putatively mediated by chronic physiological stress resulting from these adverse experiences. We aimed to estimate the associations between prospectively measured cumulative early adversities with growth and cognition outcomes in rural Indian preschool children and to explore if hair cortisol concentration (HCC), a measure of chronic physiological stress, mediated the above association.

Methods: Participants were recruited from the SPRING cRCT in rural Haryana, India. Adversities experienced through pregnancy and the first year of life were measured in 1304 children at 12-months. HCC was measured at 12-months in 845 of them. Outcome measures were height-for-age-z-score (HAZ), weight-for-age-z-score (WAZ) and cognition, measured in 1124 children followed up at 3-years. Cognition was measured using a validated tablet-based gamified tool named DEEP.

Results: Cumulative adversities at 12-months were inversely associated with all outcomes measures at 3-years. Each unit increase in adversity score led to a decrease of 0·08 units [95% confidence interval (CI):-0·11,-0·06] in DEEP-z-score; 0·12 units [-0·14,-0·09] in HAZ and 0·11 units [-0·13,-0·09] in WAZ. 12-month HCC was inversely associated with DEEP-z-score (-0·09 [-0·16,-0·01]) and HAZ (-0·12 [-0·20,-0·04]), but the association with WAZ was not significant (p = 0·142). HCC marginally mediated the association between cumulative adversities and HAZ (proportion mediated = 0·06, p = 0·014). No evidence of mediation was found for the cognition outcome.

Conclusions: Cumulative early adversities and HCC measured at 12-months have persistent negative effects on child growth and cognition at 3-years. The association between adversities and these two child outcomes were differentially mediated by HCC, with no evidence of mediation observed for the cognitive outcome. Future studies should focus on other stress biomarkers, and alternate pathways such as the immune, inflammation and cellular ageing pathways, to unpack key mechanisms underlying the established relationship between early adversities and poor child outcomes.
Icodec insulin - revolution in diabetes type 2 insulin therapy
Authors: Dobrzyński Michał , Czarnota Jakub , Skubel Tomasz , Drozd Małgorzata , Dudek Iga , Rybak Natalia
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Basal glucose control in diabetes type 2 is commonly maintained by a single, once-daily administration of insulin through subcutaneous injection. Insulin icodec, a novel ultralong-acting lipidated analog validates the concept of a once-weekly basal injection that is less burdensome, yet equally safe and efficacious as conventional once-daily treatment 1.Aim: The aim of the study is to introduce once-weekly injected insulin therapy and compare it with conventional basal insulin therapy in diabetes type 2 patients.Results: The results from phase II trials suggest that switching from an existing basal insulin to icodec, with or without a loading dose, provides effective glycemic control with comparable risk of hypoglycemia.In one of the studies TIR improved from baseline (mean: A 57.0%; B 55.2%; C 51.0%; IGlar U100 55.3%) through weeks 15 and 16 (estimated mean: A 76.6%; B 83.0%; C 80.9%; IGlar U100, 75.9%). No unexpected side effects were observed. It was reassuring that not a single episode of severe hypoglycemia (level 3) was reported for any treatment group throughout the trial duration and that the time spent below range (<3.9 mmol/L [<54 mg/dL]) during weeks 15 and 16 was well below the 4% target recommended by the International Consensus on Time in Range across all treatment groups 2.Conclusion: In conclusion,insulin icodec, a new acylated basal insulin analog, has been developed with optimized modifications to provide a long half-life suitable for weekly insulin dosing. In a patient population with type 2 diabetes receiving daily basal insulin therapy, switching to once-weekly icodec resulted in effective glycemic control without a transient elevation of fasting glucose levels during the switch and without increasing the risk of clinically relevant hypoglycemia compared with IGlar U100 2.Key words: Icodec, insulin, diabetes type 2
Comparison of the hepatotoxicity of low-molecular-weight versus unfractionated heparin for anticoagulation therapy after digital replantation
Authors: Lee Jun Won , Cha Ji-Hwan , You Hi-Jin , Kim Deok-Woo , Lee Tae-Yul
Published: August 2022

Purpose: Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is more commonly used as an anticoagulant after digital replantation than low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH). We compared the success and complication rates of these two anticoagulants, since only a few studies have made this comparison directly. Methods: Forty-four patients who underwent digital replantation for complete or incomplete digital amputation in the past 7 years at a single institution were included. The patients were divided into LMWH and UFH groups according to the anticoagulant administered. The success rates for each group were obtained, and the postoperative serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels were analyzed to compare the complication rates.Results: All patients, except one, had successful recovery of circulation after replantation, and the success rate did not show a statistically significant difference between the two groups. The statistical analysis showed that the proportion of patients with abnormal serum AST or ALT levels in the LMWH group was significantly lower than that in the UFH group.Conclusion: Although there was no significant difference in the success rate between the two groups, the risk of hepatotoxicity was significantly lower in the LMWH group than in the UFH group. Considering the advantages of LMWH, its extensive use is highly recommended for anticoagulation therapy in patients after digital replantation.
Learning to Successfully Hire in Online Labor Markets
Authors: Kokkodis Marios , Ransbotham Sam
Published: August 2022

Hiring in online labor markets involves considerable uncertainty: which hiring choices are more likely to yield successful outcomes and how do employers adjust their hiring behaviors to make such choices? We argue that employers will initially explore the value of available information. When employers observe successful outcomes, they will keep reinforcing their hiring strategies; but when the outcomes are unsuccessful, employers will adjust their hiring behaviors. To investigate these dynamics, we propose a two-component framework that links hiring choices with task outcomes. The framework’s first component, a Hidden Markov Model, captures how employers transition from unsuccessful to successful hiring decisions. The framework’s second component, a conditional logit model, estimates employer hiring choices. Analysis of 238,364 hiring decisions from a large online labor market shows that, often, employers initially explore cheaper contractors with a lower reputation. When these options result in unsuccessful outcomes, employers learn and adjust their hiring behaviors to rely more on reputable contractors who are not as cheap. Such hiring tends to be successful, guiding employers to reinforce their hiring processes. As a result, the market observes employers transition from cheaper, lower-reputation options with poorer performance to more expensive reputable options with better performance. We attribute part of this behavior to employer confidence and risk attitude, which can change over time. This work is the first to investigate how employers learn to make successful hiring choices in online labor markets. As a result, it provides platform managers with new knowledge and analytics tools to target employer interventions.

This paper was accepted by Anandhi Bharadwaj, information systems.

Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4426 .
Perception and Practices Regarding Food Safety and Health Profiles of College Students
Authors: Purnasari Nurwulan , Rusdan Ilzamha Hadijah
Published: August 2022

College students are among the educated parts of urban society and might be considered more resistant to food-borne illness due to higher immune function. The objective of this research was to assess the perceptions and practices of food hygiene among college students and determine their health profile. The method was using a structured questionnaire by cross-sectional survey on 222 college students in Central Java. The descriptive analysis used to describe their perception and food hygiene practices. The study found that more than 90% of participants tended to follow recommended food safety practices. More than 80% of college students reported consumption of potentially hazardous foods, while 36% and 26% reported experience of fever and diarrhea, respectivelyThese findings suggest that specific subsets of the student population are more likely to follow recommended food safety practices and are at lower risk of developing foodborne illnesses. This study will perform the next level analysis, which includes the profile of the gut microbiota.
The Effect of Temperature and Time on Quality of Banana Peel Flour
Authors: Kusmayanti Eva , Zalfa Sarah Haura , Aktawan Agus
Published: August 2022

Banana peel waste is usually only used as animal feed and as raw material for bioethanol manufacture. Banana peels have a large nutritional content. Banana peels can be used as an ingredient in flour. Local-based alternative food sources are a priority. Among the various types of functional food, flour substituents such as banana peel flour is an interesting topic because of the people need for it wheat flour is an inevitable necessity. The aim of this study conducted direct studies of the physical characteristics of cooking banana peel flour as well as studying how the effect of temperature and time on the quality of cooking banana peel flour. Methode this research is direct research with the type of data used is primary data namely data obtained from research results. The results of the study generally show that the characteristics of banana peel flour are powdery, normal smell (typical of bananas), has a slightly bitter taste, and brown. The conclusion of this study is the banana skin suitable as a flor substituent with relatively good characteristics when used as a substitute for wheat flour.
Feasibility Study of Black Garlic's Home Industry in Ngestiharjo Village
Authors: Purwaditya Anjar Kistia , Muliana Noor Aulia Asrul , Shahrul Reza Ulfi , Anoraga Satria Bhirawa
Published: August 2022

Garlic production in Indonesia is quite large. So far, we have known that many garlic are sold raw without being processed. But lately garlic is widely developed processing garlic into other products like black garlic that being produced by Mrs. Vetie Kusumaningsari, S.E. in Yogyakarta. The objective of this study is to analyze the feasibility of Black Garlic's Home Industry. The method being used in this study are break even point (BEP), net present value (NPV), benefit/cost (B/C) ratio, and payback period to analyze the data being collected. The result of this study indicates that BEP can be reached 334 cups product, with 7% of interest NPV indicate positive at Rp 10.713.817,8, B/C ratio was at 0,7 and payback period (PP) at 0,045 year. In conclusion regarding to the study, black garlic's home industry feasible to run and develop.
Quality Control of The Manufacturing Process of Sweet Bread in PT XYZ Yogyakarta
Authors: Aryani Ade Safitri , Sirajuddin Muhammad Mar’ie
Published: August 2022

Quality control is essential in the production line to ensure the quality of the final product. The quality control team ensure the standard of the produced products. This research aims to explore the quality control process in the production of sweet bread in PT XYZ and to determine the major defect of the product. Data were collected through interviews and a literature study. Pareto chart, control chart, and Fishbone diagram were used to analyze the data. These methods identify the kind of defects in the product and understand the process of controlling product quality. The results show that the quality control process had been carried out. However, some product defects were found, such as burned bread (15%), leakage (15%), and sticking (13%). Defect products might be due to some kind of factors such as human error, method production, and the equipment and materials used.
Cause Analysis of Cutting Process Problems on The Size of Nata De Coco Cutting Type NDC 12
Authors: Ghani Aria Azizah Ahmad , Rahmadhia Safinta Nurindra
Published: August 2022

The nata de coco cutting process takes place using three types of cutting machines, namely conventional cutting machines, conveyor cutting machines, and chain conveyor machines. The process of cutting nata often experiences practical problems, especially on the size of the pieces that do not match the predetermined criteria. This results in a decline in product quality and customer acceptance. The purpose of this study was to determine the causes of problems in the process of cutting nata de coco type NDC 12. Problem analysis was carried out using quantitative methods presented in the table of oversize nata de coco test data on each machine used so that deviations in the size of the nata produced against the criteria had been determined. determined, as well as qualitative methods with fishbone diagrams based on data from observations, interviews and documentation. The results of the size of the NDC 12 nata de coco pieces in general are still not in accordance with the standards set by the company, it can be seen from the average value of the largest defect in the chain conveyor machine, which is 12.75g pre-sorting treatment and 7.17g post-treatment. sort. This is largely due to machine work that is less than optimal and the pre-cutting process is not in accordance with work procedures.
Bibliometric Analysis of Trends Publications in Scopus Databased themed inulin sausages using R Studios
Authors: Sirajuddin Muhammad Mar'ie , Abdullah Syukri , Setyanto Barry Nur
Published: August 2022

Inulin is a dietary fiber that can improve the quality of food products, such as texture, product nutrition, or as a disease-preventing functional food. Inulin has begun to be studied in various studies and applied to meat and poultry, but there have not been many studies assessing whether research on the application of inulin to sausage products is still relevant to be carried out and is still good novelist research, one way to assess the novelty of a research theme. Is to use bibliometric analysis. This study examines the publications in the Scopus database from 2001 to 2022 to measure the number of existing publications using the R method. Studied several aspects, namely 1. Annual Scientific Production 2. Most Relevant Author who has researched inulin sausage, 3. Country Production 4. Most Relevant Sources 5. Most Frequent Words 6. Word cloud related to inulin sausage. The results of the bibliometric analysis show that annual scientific publications show that article production growth has increased every year from 2001 to 2022; the highest was in 2019 with 11 articles. The most relevant Author who has written the most publications is Pollonio Mar, with six articles. Brazil is the country that produces the most articles, namely 28 articles, while the most relevant sources are the journal Meat science which produces six articles, and the most frequent words are inulin with 45 occurrences. Conclusions based on the analyzed data, research on inulin in sausages is still limited. And still very worthy of further research.
Assessment of the Agro-Input Supply Sector in Kogi State, Nigeria
Authors: Sadiq Mohammed Sanusi , Isah Musa Ahmad , Abdullahi Sanni Ozomata , Aliyu Aishat Ammani
Published: August 2022

Most farmers are experiencing challenges and constraints in accessing agricultural inputs, thus leading to poor and underutilization of agro-inputs and consequently low agricultural productivity in most part of sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to assess the agro-input supply sector in Kogi state. A total of 157 input dealers were randomly selected across the twenty-one local government areas in the state. Data were collected using well-structured questionnaire complemented with interview schedule and were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics. Findings reveal that agro-chemicals, fertilizer and feed were the major inputs supplied by most of the retailers and wholesalers that hardly engage in activities that create awareness about their products. Input prices were the most important preference and consideration factor in the purchase of agro-input by customers and form the basis for competition. Casual, family and child labors that proved to be cheaper, commonly accessible and do not require signing of formal employment contract with workers dominated both the retail and wholesale sectors. Poor government support, poor business condition in addition to poor capital base, high transportation cost, price fluctuations, adulteration were the identified major constraints affecting the agripreneurs. The study recommends capacity development on new marketing strategies, registration of businesses with relevant agencies, provision of credit and financial services; formation of formidable, strong and mutual-trust co-operative societies for input supply actors so as to enhance efficiency and effectiveness of the agricultural inputs supply sector in the state.
Quality Control Analysis of Black Tea Raw Ingredients (Camellia sinensis) PT ABC
Authors: Haryadi Hari , Iftinaan Atika Tsuroya
Published: August 2022

One of the companies that produce black tea in Indonesia is PT ABC. In PT ABC, the processing system Orthodox Rotorvane produces black tea powder according to market demand, which has a small particle size (broken tea) and quick brewing by applying SNI 01-1902-2016 as a reference for production activities and monitoring the production process. This study contribution to investigate the quality of tea leaf shoots used as production raw materials, especially in the flow of raw material handling, the quality control of raw materials, and the value of the proportion of damage to raw materials. The method used is an analysis based on data Tops Not Eligible/Pucuk Tidak Memenuhi Syarat (PTMS) obtained from each plantation block. The output results obtained show that the value of the proportion of damage to raw materials is still within the control limits where there are only one of the six plantation blocks, namely the Kembang plantation block, produces a value of the proportion of damage outside the control limits with the main factors causing it from human factors, equipment, raw materials and working method used. This research contributes to knowing the value of the proportion of shoot damage for each plantation block at PT ABC.
Clinical and Dermatoscopic Signs of Micromelanoma - A Review of the Literature
Authors: Reķe Agnese , Balcere Alise
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Micromelanoma, also called a small-sized melanoma, in the scientific literature is commonly defined as a skin melanoma with a diameter of 3 mm or less, although definitions of 5 mm or less can also be found.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the clinical and dermatoscopic features that characterize skin micromelanomas.

Materials and Methods: The study was carried out by searching relevant articles using keyword “micromelanoma” in the following electronic databases – PubMed, Wiley, Scopus, Web of science, ScienceDirect, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar. The search was performed in the period from January 20th, 2022, to January 31st, 2022. The search had a limit of English language.

Results: According to the published literature, micromelanomas are most often diagnosed in women, since in reviewed studies 43 – 81.8% of patients were women. People diagnosed with micromelanoma are mostly in the age group of 40 to 59 years. Clinically micromelanomas are most frequently seen as dark or light brown macules in diameter of 3 – 4 mm located on the lower extremities and as lesions that had developed de novo. The most common diagnostic methods used for micromelanoma diagnostics are physical skin examination and dermatoscopy – polarized light and nonpolarized light. The most widely used diagnostic dermatoscopic algorithm is the 7 – point checklist. Diagnostic accuracy shown for dermatoscopic algorithms is in the range of 48.2 – 65.9%, showing that not all micromelanomas can be diagnosed with diagnostic dermatoscopic algorithms and other characteristics must be considered. The dermatoscopic pattern for micromelanomas is variable – spitzoid, globular, reticular, and structureless, of which spitzoid is the most common. The most common melanoma-specific dermatoscopic signs seen in micromelanomas are irregular dots/globules (25.0 – 88.4% of micromelanomas), atypical network (40.0 – 77.0% of micromelanomas), atypical blotches (16.6 – 38.4% of micromelanomas), and pseudopods (3.4 – 46.0% of micromelanomas). Less frequently other melanoma specific dermatoscopic features – regression, blue – white veil and asymmetric multicomponent dermatoscopic pattern can be observed. Micromelanomas often present asymmetry in structure and color and frequently have two colors dermatoscopically. Micromelanomas rarer than larger melanomas have atypical vessels – dotted, linear, or polymorphous (3.8 – 32.0% of micromelanomas).

Conclusions: Micromelanoma can develop in people of any age and gender, but most commonly it develops after the age of 40 and in women. Micromelanoma develops mainly as a de novo lesion on the lower extremities and has a diameter of 1 to 5 mm at the time of presentation. Dermatoscopically, micromelanomas often have melanoma-specific dermatoscopic features, and therefore dermatoscopy aids in diagnosing micromelanoma.
Comparing Public-Private Partnership of Vocational Education and Training Schools and Centres of Competence in Kosovo
Authors: Beka Arlinda , Stublla Pleurat
Published: August 2022

Kosovo's education system has two different vocational education and training schools: professional schools and centres of competence. The local authorities-municipal directorates of education manage the professional schools, while the centres of competence are managed at the national level by agency for vocational education and training and adult education (AVETAE), operating under the Ministry of Education. This paper compares the collaboration between public schools, centres of competence, and private businesses. For this research, we used the mixed research methodology by interviewing coordinators of career centres from two professional schools and two centres of competence, and four managers of different firms. The research included a questionnaire filled by teachers from both institutions, prepared using the Likert scale. We analysed the data from this research to identify the differences in how those institutions develop partnerships with private businesses to secure better internship opportunities for their students. The study will provide data about the sustainability of cooperation between these two institutions in the creation of employment opportunities for their graduates. The outcomes will help professional schools and centres of competence to improve their cooperation with the labour market. It will help the career centre coordinators and business owners to create new job opportunities for development.
Diversity of Gyrinops versteegii from several agarwood plantation on Lombok Island (Indonesia) as raw material of Gyrinops tea
Authors: WANGIYANA I GDE ADI SURYAWAN , SUPRIADI SUPRIADI , NIKMATULLAH ALUH , SUNARPI SUNARPI , TRIANDINI AGUNG AYU HARI
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Wangiyana IGAS, Supriadi, Nikmatullah A, Sunarpi, Triandini IGAAH. 2021. Diversity of Gyrinops versteegii from several agarwood plantation on Lombok Island (Indonesia) as raw material of Gyrinops tea. Biodiversitas 23: 178-186. The purpose of this research is to examine the diversity of Gyrinops versteegii as a raw material of agarwood Gyrinops tea based on morphology, phytochemical, and molecular characters. G. versteegii samples were taken from 5 agarwood plantation on Lombok Island: Lingsar, Rarung, Mataram, Kekait, and Pejaring. Variation of G. versteegii stem, leaves, and fruit was the morphology character observed in this study. Qualitative phytochemical screening, quantitative tannin concentration, and the hedonic score of Gyrinops tea were the essential phytochemical character in this study. DNA fingerprinting and RAPD analysis were the molecular characters of this study. All of those characters were used in numeric-phenetics analysis to construct a dendrogram. MVSP program with UPGMA algorithm as clustering method and Simple Matching Coefficient for similarity analysis was used to construct dendrogram. The result has shown variation topology of dendrogram based on morphology, phytochemical, molecular, and combination character. However, all dendrograms had the same number of clusters and cluster members. G. versteegii kekait and G. versteegii Pejaring were grouped to cluster 1 while G. versteegii Rarung and G. versteegii Mataram were grouped to cluster 2. G. versteegii Lingsar was grouped later on the node after cluster 1 or 2. It could be concluded that G. versteegii from Lombok Island Plantation could be divided into three different cluster groups based on the variation of morphology, chemical, and molecular characters.
Comparisons of the composition of spider assemblages in three vegetation habitats in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: LIA MAYANDA , RAUF AUNU , HINDAYANA DADAN
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Lia M, Rauf A, Hindayana D. 2021. Comparisons of the composition of spider assemblages in three vegetation habitats in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 244-255. Vegetation structures are known to influence the microclimate and consequently the invertebrate assemblages. This study, therefore, aims to compare the species composition of assemblages of ground- and foliage-dwelling spiders in three vegetation habitats: undisturbed urban forest, oil palm plantation, and cornfield, in Bogor, West Java. To ensure a thorough representation of all spider guilds, spiders were collected using pitfall traps, sweep net, and through a direct search on ground and vegetation from January to July 2016. A total of 2299 individual spiders, representing 28 families and 207 species/morphospecies were collected. The spider species richness, abundance, and diversity were higher in the forest and oil palm plantation, compared to the cornfield. Furthermore, the dominant guild in the forest habitat was orb weavers, while the oil palm and corn habitats were dominated by ground runners. The non-metric multidimensional scaling exhibited that the composition of spider assemblages varied among the three vegetation habitats, with spider assemblages in forest habitat associated with higher RH, while the corn habitat was correlated with high light intensity and air temperature. The indicator species analysis revealed that Tetragnathidae has high potential as indicators of the dense, complex vegetation structure of the forest, while Lycosidae is indicators of the more open vegetation of oil palm plantation and cornfield habitats.
Bioremediation of batik wastewater by Rhizobacteria isolated from iron sand soils tolerant of Pb and Zn
Authors: OEDJIJONO OEDJIJONO , LESTARI SRI , SAMSUDIN LESA SURYANI , HERMILIA HERMILIA
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Oedjijono, Lestari S, Samsudin LS, Hermilia. 2021. Bioremediation of batik wastewater by Rhizobacteria isolated from iron sand soils tolerant of Pb and Zn. Biodiversitas 23: 299-305. Rhizobacteria originated from Iron sand soils are thought to be resistant to heavy metals because they are adapted to metal-contaminated environments. Batik industry produces pollutants containing organic substances, solid suspension, and heavy metals such as Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn). The objectives of this study were to select and determine the identity of Rhizobacterial isolates tolerant of Pb and Zn metals, to investigate their ability and the optimum pH in tolerating and reducing the concentrations of Pb and Zn in batik wastewater. The results found five Rhizobacterial isolates of Rb2, Rb6, Rb7, Rb8, and Rb12 showing high tolerance to Pb and Zn metals. The adsorption capacity of selected Rhizobacterial isolates of Rb2, Rb8, and Rb12 on Pb was significant at pH 5.5-6.0 with the mean concentration of Pb reduced was 2.836 mg/L (80%), while against Zn by isolates of Rb6, rb7, and Rb12 was high at pH 5.5 with a reduced concentration of 0.8761 mg/L (43.2%). The selected Rhizobacterial isolates of Rb2 and Rb6 were identified as members of the genus Pseudomonas, Rb7 and Rb8 belonged to the genus Lactobacillus, while Rb12 was a species member of the genus Staphylococcus.
In situ conservation challenges of Brackenridgea zanguebarica Oliv.: A South African case study
Authors: RASETHE MARULA TRIUMPH
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Rasethe MT. 2022. In situ conservation challenges of Brackenridgea zanguebarica Oliv.: A South African case study. Biodiversitas 23: 3876-3883. This qualitative study probed the factors that are hindering the successful management of Brackenridgea zanguebarica Oliv, a South African plant that is listed as Critically Endangered on the South African Red Data List. The plant is restricted to one state-owned nature reserve in the Limpopo province, South Africa. Brackenridgea zanguebarica is a threatened medicinal plant sought after by laypeople and traditional healers and often found in muthi markets across South Africa. In this country, this species is confined to the Thengwe village in the Vhembe district of the Limpopo province. Information on this species was collected using semi-structured questionnaires and focus group discussions during face-to-face interviews with all conservationists employed in the state-owned nature reserve. The interviews were complemented by extensive field observation on the population status of B. zanguebarica across the reserve. The results showed that B. zanguebarica is mainly being managed using environmental regulations and patrols in reserve to arrest and charge persons found in the reserve harvesting B. zanguebarica. The reserve only has seven permanent officials. They do their work without firearms to protect themselves from poachers and no cars are used during patrols due to the lack of proper roads in the mountainous area. The conservation officers mentioned that there is always new evidence of illegal harvesting of B. zanguebarica across the nature reserve. Field observation of the harvested populations indicated high levels of unsustainable harvesting. The harvesting reported by conservation officials and observed is of concern and will increase the risk of extinction of this species. The implementation of regulations as the sole management tool for this species in the Brackenridgea Nature Reserve is not enough, resulting in a situation where the current management of B. zanguebarica in reserve is not effective.
Relation between resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae to certain antibiotics and ESBL/PBP genes
Authors: AL-HADEITHI ZEINA S. M. , JASIM SAADE ABDALKAREEM , SALAHDIN OMAR DHEYAULDEEN
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Al-Hadeithi ZSM, Jasim SA, Salahdin OD. 2022. Relation between resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae to certain antibiotics and ESBL/PBP genes. Biodiversitas 23: 3902-3906. One of the most effective antibiotics on microbes or in treating infections caused by these most resistant microbes, as it belongs to the beta-lactam group such as cephalosporin and carbapenems, which are considered among the most important antibiotics that have wide activity compared to the rest of the other antibiotics and their effectiveness against two types of negative and positive bacteria. Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern because it happens when antibiotics are used too much or not in the right way. The improved resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae against the antibiotics because of the virulence factors make K. pneumoniae is the most prevalent pathogenic bacteria behind nosocomial infections. Finding demonstrates that ?-lactamase is implicated in K. pneumoniae antimicrobial resistance to ?-lactam antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to look into the relation among Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), and the molecular biological mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in K. pneumoniae. Through the period from February to July 2021 a total of 100 out of 350 isolates were found to be K. pneumoniae. Cultural, morphological, and biochemical studies were used to identify growth on blood agar and MacConkey agar. The results revealed that the tested isolates were highly resistant to Imipenem (63%) and Amikacin (24%), while Amoxi-clav exhibited poor resistance (2%). The qualitative real-time approach was used to detect BlaR1 and Bla1 genes for positive isolates that’s possess gene/ resistant isolate , and the findings revealed that 2 (16%), 4 (33%), 16 (88%), 7 (38%), 24 (100%), 20 (83%), 2 (66%), 2 (100%), 2 (100%), 60 (95%), and 57 (90%) for CIP, CRO, AK, TMP, AMC, and IMP respectively.
Diversity and prevalence of endoparasites in domestic chickens across an elevation gradient
Authors: Setyowati Endang Ariyani , Santoso Slamet , Rokhmani Rokhmani , Rochmatino Rochmatino
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Setyowati EA, Santoso S, Rokhmani, Rochmatino. 2022. Diversity and prevalence of endoparasites in domestic chickens across an elevation gradient. Biodiversitas 23: 3936-3942. The domestic chicken farm is negatively affected by endoparasites, which decrease immunity, egg production, and body weight. Although these effects are well understood in large-scale chicken farms, here we aimed to understand endoparasite diversity and prevalence in the context of local-scale domestic chicken farms conducted in Central Java, Indonesia, according to elevation. Chickens were sampled from three villages each in two regions; lowland in Banyumas District and highland in Purbalingga. The result showed that the diversity of endoparasite is very low (H' index: 1.3065-1.3773) and we detected only four endoparasite species (Ascaridia galli, Trichuris trichiura, Heterakis gallinarum (Nematoda), and Raillietina sp. (Cestoda) among a sample of 300 chickens. Endoparasite infection was significantly more prevalent in the lowland villages (70%) than in highland (48%,) (p < 0.05). Among endoparasites found, A. galli was the most prevalent species among all samples (50.0±0.0% of infections in the lowlands and 23.7±1.15% in the highlands) the second is H. gallinarum accounted for 38.3±7.64% of all infections in the highlands and 15.3±0.58% in the lowlands. Raillietina sp. accounted for 35.0±5.0% and 7.3±0.58% of all infections, and T. trichiura accounted for 25.0±5.0 % and 16.0±1.0%. The rate of endoparasite infection within the study area is currently moderate and mainly affected by methods of farm, our findings can serve as a baseline for controlling infection in domestic chickens.
Pestalotiopsis sp. infection causes leaf fall disease of new arrivals in several clones of rubber plants
Authors: DAMIRI NURHAYATI , PRATAMA YOGA , FEBBIYANTI TRI RAPANI , RAHIM SUPLI E. , ASTUTI DESSY TRI , PURWANTI YANI
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Damiri N, Pratama Y, Febbiyanti TP, Rahim SE, Astuti DT, Purwanti Y. 2022. Pestalotiopsis sp. infection causes leaf fall disease of new arrivals in several clones of rubber plants. Biodiversitas 23: 3943-3949. This study aims to investigate the response of rubber clones commonly cultivated by farming communities to infection with the new leaf fall pathogen of Pestalotiopsis in rubber plantations. The study was conducted in smallholder rubber plantations, laboratories and greenhouses Department of Pests and Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University. The study consists of two stages. The first stage was a survey of the leaf fall disease of Pestalotiopsis in smallholder rubber plantations in Banyuasin Regency. The second stage was testing the isolates of Pestalotiopsis sp. against several rubber clones in the greenhouse using the Randomized Block Design (RBD) method, with six treatment clones and six replications. Each replication consisted of three polybags. The treatments tested were rubber plant clones aged four months, namely rubber clones PB 260, RRIC 100, IRR 112, IRR 118, BPM 24 and PB 340. The inoculated leaves were rubber leaves aged 10 days after opening. The results showed that Pestalotiopsis leaf fall disease in 10 smallholder rubber plantation areas in the field showed that new leaf fall attacks caused by the Pestalotiopsis fungus on smallholder rubber plants ranged from 80 to 100 percent with a decrease in production between 20 to 50 percent. All clones planted were susceptible to this new disease, which resulted in a very significant reduction in yield. The treatment of Pestalotiopsis sp. inoculation on six rubber clones significantly affected the severity of Pestalotiopsis new leaf fall disease. Effect of Pestalotiopsis sp. the number of rubber leaves that fall is very significant. The rubber clone that experienced the most leaf fall due to disease was PB 340 although the percentage of leaf fall was not significantly different from the treatment of PB 260 but significantly different from the treatment of clones RRIC 100, IRR 112, IRR 118 and BPM 24. The percentage of Pestalotiopsis leaf fall experienced by clones PB 340 reached 47.19% while the RRIC 100 clone was only 4.98%.
Production and immobilization pectinase from Bacillus sp. 2P11 using alginate beads
Authors: UTAMI ANGGRAINI PUTRI , FAHRURROZI FAHRURROZI , MERYANDINI ANJA
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Utami AP, Fahrurrozi, Meryandini A. 2022. Production and immobilization pectinase from Bacillus sp. 2P11 using alginate beads. Biodiversitas 23: 3960-3966. Pectinase is one of the enzymes often used in the industrial sector, especially in the food industry, such as extracting and clarifying juices. Previous studies have obtained pectinolytic microbial cultures of Bacillus sp. 2P11 isolated from cocoa beans. Pectinase production using pure pectin substrates such as citrus pectin or pectin from apples costs a lot because these pectins are expensive. Liquid substrate from cocoa pods TSH 858 and ICS 60 with a concentration of 10% is a good amount for pectinase production, and the percentage of total pectin from cocoa pods is 0.823%. The amount of activity of crude extract of pectinase enzyme is 416,780 mU/mL. Precipitation with ammonium sulfate and dialysis increased pectinase activity by 452,335 mU/mL and 586.88 mU/mL, respectively. Enzymes can be used repeatedly with enzyme immobilization. In this study, the immobilization of the enzyme entrapment method with sodium alginate and CaCl2 was designed with the response surface method. The optimum concentration of sodium alginate was 0.5% and 0.3 M CaCl2, with the percentage of an immobilized enzyme at 40.782%. Stability and repeated use of immobilized pectinase can be done up to 5 times.
Revealing the genetic diversity of Sumbawa endemic horse using microsatellite-based DNA fingerprint
Authors: SUKRI AKHMAD , DEWI IKA NURANI , PRIMAWATI SRI NOPITA , WANGIYANA I GDE ADI SURYAWAN , MUTTAQIN ZAINUL , WINAYA ARIS
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Sukri A, Dewi IN, Primawati SB, Wangiyana IGAS, Muttaqin Z, Winaya A. 2022. Revealing the genetic diversity of Sumbawa endemic horse using microsatellite-based DNA fingerprint. Biodiversitas 23: 4153-4159. Sumbawa horse (Equus caballus) is a genetic resource that must be preserved. Sumbawa horses have a significant economic, social, and cultural role. Information on the genetic status of the Sumbawa horse is needed as a step in developing a long-term conservation strategy. Therefore, this study aims to reveal the genetic diversity of the Sumbawa endemic horse using a microsatellite-based DNA fingerprint. DNA isolation was conducted from horse blood samples. Blood samples were taken from two horse farms with 24 individual horses from two different populations, namely Lalar and Liang,West Sumbawa District, Indonesia. Blood was taken from the jugular vein and collected by a qualified veterinarian from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika. A total of 4 microsatellite primers were used in this study, INRA032, HEL09, CA425, and AHT4. This study revealed that the genetic diversity of horses in the Lalar population was higher than Liang. A greater number of alleles reinforces this; higher number and frequency of bands; and the presence of specific bands that indicate unique alleles. This research shows that the Sumbawa horse is unique from other horse breeds in the world. This is evidenced by the lower number of alleles per locus (Na) with a maximum number of two alleles per locus. Sumbawa horses have higher observed heterozygosity (Ho) than expected heterozygosity (He), with a Ho value less than 0.5. Analysis of Molecular Variance result has shown that variation within the population was higher than among the population. This is presumably due to the high gene flow in both horse populations caused by inbreeding. In general, AHT4 primers had the best ability to reveal the genetic diversity of Sumbawa horses with the highest Shannon's information index compared to other markers.