bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Особливості формування кореневої системи та кореневої біомаси редьки олійної залежно від агротехнологічних параметрів конструювання її ценозу
Authors: Цицюра Я.Г.
Published: July 2024

Метою досліджень було встановити особливості формування архітектоніки кореневої системи редьки олійної та рівень біопродуктивності цього процесу залежно від агротехнологічних варіантів конструювання її агрофітоценозу. Методи. Дослідження було проведено впродовж 2018–2023 років на базі дослідного поля Вінницького НАУ на сірих лісових грунтах з середнім потенціалом родючості. Повторність у досліді чотирьохразова. Розміщення варіантів – систематичне у два яруси. Дослід передбачав вивчення таких факторів: А – річні умови періоду вегетації, В – норма висіву, С – спосіб сівби, D – удобрення. Результати. Встановлена можливість агротехнологічного корегування морфологічного розвитку кореневої системи редьки олійної у орному горизонту (0–30 см) за комплексного поєднання норми висіву, способу сівби і удобрення на стадії припосівного конструювання агрофітоценозу редьки олійної. Доведено послідовне і стале зростання індивідуального морфологічного і вагового розвитку кореневої системи рослин за збільщення площі живлення та оптимізації мінерального живлення за рахунок внесення добрив в інтервалі від 30 до 90 кг/га діючої речовини. Встановлено оптимальні варіанти конструювання агроценозу редьки олійної для досягнення максимального рівня сформованої кореневої біомаси – відповідно за 2,0 млн схожих насінин/га за звичайної рядкової сівби на фоні N90P90K90 та у вріанті з нормою висіву 1,5 млн схожих насінин/га за широкорядної сівби на тому ж фоні мінерального живлення. Висновки. Технологіно оптимальні морфологічні та вагові параметри кореневої системи редьки олійної, які дозволяють сформувати максимальну кореневу біомасу цінну з позиції сидерального та біоорганічного застосування редьки олійної складаються у двох технологічних варіантах конструювання її агроценозів на сірих лісових грунтах в умовах нестійкого зволоження: у варіантах звичайної рядкової сівби з нормою висіву 2,0 млн схожих насінин/га на фоні N90P90K90 – 10,70 т/га та за широкорядної сівби нормою висіву 1,5 млн схожих насінин/га на фоні N90P90K90 – 10,82 т/га.
Аналіз гібридів соняшника середньостиглої групи за різних умов зволоження на Півдні України
Authors: Тищенко А.В. , Степанов С.С. , Тищенко О.Д. , Коновалова В.М. , Очкала О.С.
Published: July 2024

Метою досліджень було вивчення і аналіз екологічної стійкості та адаптивної здатності до дефіциту вологи середньостиглих гібридів соняшника в умовах Півдня України. Матеріали і методи досліджень. Реакцію вісімнадцяти гібридів соняшника середньостиглої групи на різні умови вирощування вивчали в ТОВ «Агропроект Юг» Херсонської області протягом 2020–2021 рр. Дослідження проводилися на двох різних за показниками ґрунту ділянках. Аналіз стійкості гібридів соняшника до дефіцити вологи проводили за допомогою різних математичних індексів посухостійкості та показників адаптивності і екологічної стійкості. Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. Отримані експериментальні дані за інтенсивності посухи 0,494 дозволило виділити гібрид соняшника, що істотно перевищував середньогібридну за урожайністю в стресових умовах Hysun 232 IT H0 1,902 т/га, а за умов достатнього зволоження гібрид РR64F66 з урожайністю 3,182 т/га. За найбільшою кількістю індексів посухостійкості був виділений гібрид Hysun 232 IT H0. За коефіцієнтом регресії (bi) були виділені гібриди інтенсивного типу Hysun 238 і РR64F66, стабільного типу Aromatic і Анастасія та гібрид добре адаптований до різноманітних умов вирощування P64LL129. За результатами GGE біплот-аналізу гібриди соняшника Aromatic, Hysun 232 IT H0, Kondi, Alambra KC і Анастасія були віднести до стабільних по відношенню до вологи, РR64F66, Hysun 238 і Феном 715 ‒ до гібридів інтенсивного типу та P63LE113, P64LL129, Aztek, Katana і Константин НС ‒ до пластичних. Висновки. За індексами посухостійкості, показниками адаптивності до посухи та біплот-аналізом, як найбільш посухостійкими виділені гібриди Aromatic, Hysun 232 IT H0, Kondi і Анастасія, гібриди P63LE113, P64LL129, Aztek, Katana, Suberix і Константин НС виділені як пластичні, а гібриди РR64F66, Hysun 238 і Феном 715 як найбільш нестійкий до посухи, або гібриди інтенсивного типу.
Врожайність та якість зерна нових сортів пшениці озимої в умовах Півночі Степу
Authors: Хорошун І.В. , Назаренко М.М.
Published: July 2024

Нерівномірний вплив різних природно-сільськогосподарських факторів визначає відмінності у врожайності та якості зерна різних сортів, у зв'язку з чим необхідно встановлювати відповідність сорту регіональним умовам. Мета. Метою було дослідити межи варіабельності за сортами в залежності від кліматичних умов підзони Півночі Степу за формуванням врожаю та якості зерна. Методи. В умовах науково-дослідного поля науково-освітнього центру практичної підготовки Дніпровського державного аграрно-економічного університету проводили оцінку 15 сортів пшениці озимої української селекції від різних науково-дослідних установ України та світу. Ділянки випробування досліду були розміщенні регулярним чином зі схемою посіву у трикратній повторності, площа 10 м2 кожної. Оцінювали врожайність, її структуру, вміст білку в зерні, вміст білкових компонентів. Результати. Параметр врожайності залежав як від реалізації потенціалу сорту, так і від року вирощування. За результатами дослідження, до більш придатних з точки зору високої врожайності відносилися сорти Позиція Одеська, МІП Феєрія, МВ Надор. Більш контрастним для ознаки був 2021 рік, 2022 та 2023 різко відрізнялися між собою, але для них властива нижча диференціююча здатність щодо даного набору сортів. Для групування за врожайністю та класифікації сортів в залежності від мінливості за погодними умовами по роках провели кластерний аналіз, котрий виділив за врожайністю сорти Позиція Одеська, МІП Феєрія, МВ Надор, Тенор, МВ Менрот, але два з них, Тенор, МВ Менрот, не є зовсім стабільними у прояві цієї ознаки. У більш врожайних сортів спостерігається змішане формування врожайності. За аналізом якості зерна МВ Надор формує і високу продуктивність і вищу якість, Позиція Одеська високу продуктивність та задовільну якість. Сорт МВ Менте можна використовувати як донор високої якості. Висновки. Досліджуваний набор з 15 сортів показав наявність перспективних форм для Півночі Степу України. За поєднанням врожайних та якісних параметрів можливе вирощування сортів МВ Надор та Пропозиція Одеська. За результатами структурного аналізу ознак, що впливають на продуктивність, вона формується за змішаною моделлю, коли має значення як головний колосу, так і високий рівень продуктивного кущення. Як джерело високої якості зерна якості можна використовувати сорт МВ Менте.
Análisis conductual del comportamiento hipnótico
Authors: Cangas Díaz Adolfo Javier ,   Universidad de Almería
Published: July 2024

En el presente trabajo se analizan las variables más relevantes que pueden explicar el comportamiento hipnótico. En concreto, se enfatizan las características de la situación hipnótica que determinan la actuación de los sujetos. Este análisis llevará a entender la hipnosis más como una forma particular de mandos intensificados (Skinner, 1957) que como un proceso especial disociativo (Hilgard, 1992). Igualmente, se sugiere la relevancia que el estudio de la hipnosis puede tener, en el ámbito experimental, para analizar diferentes fenómenos relacionados con el comportamiento verbal de los sujetos.
La Qualítá della Vita nella Riabilitazione degli Schizofrenici
Authors: Goldwurm Gian Franco ,   Scuola di Formazione in Psicoterapia Comportamentale e Cognitiva di Milano, Gomez Ocaña Concha ,   Universidad de Valencia
Published: July 2024

La qualità deIla vita (Qdv) è un concetto molto ampio che nasee in contrapposizione a concezioni meramente quantitative e material della vita, per valorizzare al contrario la percezione soggettiva del benessere individuale, della soddisfazione sia globale che nelle varíe aree della vita, edella felicità come stato emotivo e come processo di valutazione cognitiva. Nell'ambito della medicina sono state fatte numerose ricerche sul rapporto fra Salute e Qdv, in relazione sia alla promozione della salute sia alla cura delle varie malattie somatiche. Paradossalmente si trovano meno lavori in ambito psichiatrico. Tuttavia l' interesse per la Qdv dei pazienti psicotici è andato aumentando in questi ultimi anni, in relazione sia ai problemi della deistituzionalizzazione ospedaliera, sia del trattamento psicofarmacologico che di quello riabilitativo.Particolarmente interessanti sono i lavori sulla riabilitazione degli schizofrenici con metodi cognitivo-comportamentali e la valutazione della loro Qdv. Vengono accennate a questo proposito le esperienze riabilitative milanesi, sviluppatesi negli ultimi quindici anni. La terapia comprensiva e la riabilitazione comportamentale e cognitiva ha avuto, a nostro avviso, un effetto positivo anche sulla Qdv dei pazienti psicotici e delle loro famiglie, benché rimangano aperti molti problemí dí misuraziune e di più specifica incisivitá dell'intervento sul benessere soggettivo dei soggetti schizofrenici.
Causalidad en el modelo de campo: aportaciones metodológicas
Authors: Moreno Rodríguez Rafael ,   Universidad de Sevilla
Published: July 2024

El modelo de campo interconductual de Ribes y López (1985) plantea una concepción de la causalidad basada en la interdependencia, diferente a los puntos de vistas dominantes en psicología derivados del cartesianismo y la mecánica caracterizados por criterios como contigüidad, molecularidad y diacronía. Utilizando una revisión de la noción metodológica de causalidad realizada desde los supuestos epistemológicos de! propio modelo de campo, en el presente trabajo se analiza la noción de interdependencia. Se concluye que dicho modelo de campo interconductual contiene las diferentes relaciones posibles, incluyendo la causalidad sincrónica o no direccional, usualmente no considerada en psicología.
¿Estilos interactivos o la psicometría de sujeto único?
Authors: Viladrich Maria Carme ,   Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Doval Eduardo ,   Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Published: July 2024

Se analiza la producción científica relacionada con el concepto de estilos interactivos, uno de los factores disposicionales descritos en la Teoría de la Conducta (Ribes y López, 1985), con el fin de señalar tanto los logros como las cuestiones que siguen abiertas después de un decenio. Hemos estructurado este análisis por comparación con los supuestos y la metodología desarrollados en el marco de las teorías psicométricas de la personalidad. Dicha comparación se realiza en tres niveles: el primero, se refiere al papel que se atribuye a los estilos en el campo psicológico, el segundo, a la metodología desarrollada para su identificación por lo que hace referencia al diseño de obtención de datos, y el tercero a la metodología de análisis de datos. Al igual que en el caso de las teorías psicométricas, la identificación de estilos interactivos comporta la búsqueda de consistencias en el comportamiento individual a lo largo del tiempo y en situaciones diversas. La divergencia entre los dos planteamientos se refleja en aquellos aspectos del comportamiento en los que se predice consistencia, en las situaciones en las que se manifestará esta, en el tipo de medidas pertinentes, y en las inferencias que permiten. La cuestión es hasta qué punto el concepto de estilos interactivos permite dar nuevas respuestas a una antigua pregunta y hasta dónde se encuentran limitaciones antiguas al plantear nuevas preguntas.
Condicionamiento contextual diferencial apetitivo: tiempo de exposición al contexto no reforzado e intervalo entre sesiones
Authors: Mustaca Alba ,   Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas A. Lanari-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pellegrini Santiago ,   Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas A. Lanari-Universidad de Buenos Aires
Published: July 2024

Se realizaron dos experimentos con el objeto de investigar los efectos de la masividad de los ensayos en el condicionamiento contextual apetitivo en ratas. Por la índole de las claves contextuales, los experimentos fueron de condicionamiento discriminativo. Se mantuvo constante el tiempo de exposición al contexto apetitivo (5 min) y el programa de reforzamientos (10 refuerzos con un intervalo variable de 30 s) y se varió la duración de la exposición al contexto no reforzado o negativo: 5 minutos ("ensayos masivos", grupo 5) vs. 15 minutos ("ensayos distribuidos", grupo 15). Se realizaron dos sesiones diarias, una positiva y una negativa. Cuando el intervalo entre las sesiones diarias fue corto (60 s), el grupo 15 mostró una ambulación anticipatoria mayor en el contexto positivo (Experimento 1). Cuando el intervalo entre sesiones fue mayor (95 min) no hubo diferencias en el condicionamiento del contexto positivo entre los grupos (Experimento 2). Se discuten estos resultados en función de los modelos que explican los efectos de masividad de los ensayos por la mediatización del condicionamiento contextual.
Seleccionismo: hacia una síntesis de lo biológico y lo psicológico
Authors: Burgos José E. ,   Universidad Católica Andrés Bello,   Universidad Central de Venezuela
Published: July 2024

El asunto del presente trabajo es describir mi propia versión del seleccionismo como fundamentación filosófica para intentos de síntesis de lo biológico y lo psicológico. Así, el seleccionismo constituye una metanarrativa que es convencionalista (por cuanto se rechaza una teoría esencialista de la definición), experimentalista (por cuanto se considera a la experimentación como la forma mas segura de conocimiento de principios básicos) y jerarquista (por cuanto conceptúa la realidad en términos de sistemas jerárquicos constituidos por niveles de organización que se afectan mutuamente). Tal metanarrativa permite legitimar la simulación digital en 'Vida Artificial' como herramienta fundamental de investigación y contexto adecuado para llevar a cabo por lo menos una realización de la mencionada síntesis.
EDUKASI PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN PADA SISWA SDN 038/XI KOTA SUNGAI PENUH
Authors: Syukrawati Syukrawati , Sarmigi Elex , Tiara Tiara , Zapendri Iqbal , Lestari Winda
Published: July 2024

It is imperative to provide early financial management education, particularly for a generation that has grown up with access to resources that have made them susceptible to consumerism. This service activity aims to educate students of SDN 038/XI Sungai Full City about the importance of knowledge of managing finances from an early age. The participants in this activity consisted of 46 students, divided into classes III and IV. Activities consist of two stages, namely preparation and implementation. The results of the activity show that students' knowledge is still very limited in relation to financial management. Students are very enthusiastic about participating in activities; this is evident from their activeness in discussion and question-and-answer sessions.
BUDIDAYA IKAN LELE DI DESA SEMERAP SEBAGAI UPAYA PEMULIHAN EKONOMI PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Syarif Dafiar , Wahyu Wawan Devis , Nilda Elvi , Melani Zahaqi , Natasya Widia
Published: July 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected the growth of MSMEs in Semerap village. This study aims to describe the problems faced by catfish farmers in Semerap village. Data collection methods are observation and interviews. The resource person for this study is a catfish farmer. Interview results show that poor water quality affects catfish production. Low prices for catfish and expensive feed are also other problems faced by farmers.
Research Progress on the Association between Obesity and Prostate Cancer
Authors: Xu Hang , Tang Yingshuang , Zhang Xiaorui , Zhang Xian , Kang Along
Published: July 2024

The complex association between obesity and prostate cancer necessitates exploring how obesity impacts the incidence, progression, treatment response, and prognosis of prostate cancer. An analysis was conducted to determine the potential adverse effects of obesity on prostate cancer treatment, including changes in drug metabolism and surgical complications. It also discusses how obesity increases the risk of disease progression and recurrence. Further emphasis was provided to the importance of comprehensive interventions to reduce the risk of prostate cancer through lifestyle modifications (including healthy diet, moderate exercise, and maintaining normal weight), pharmacological treatments (such as potential drugs targeting obesity and prostate cancer-related mechanisms), and regular check-ups and screenings. Lastly, the work envisions future research directions, including exploring the specific mechanisms linking obesity and prostate cancer, designing more scientific clinical trials, and enhancing interdisciplinary cooperation. These opportunities and challenges aim to provide references and insights for future research and development.
New Dimensionless Power Number Equation for Horizontal Agitated Drum
Authors: Horváth Dániel , Poós Tibor
Published: July 2024

In dryers where mechanical mixing is applied, it is necessary to know the motor power requirement in order to design the dryer correctly. The power requirement of the motor can be traced back to the no-load power requirement and the mixing power requirement. In this study, a new dimensionless power number equation has been introduced to determine the mixing power requirement of horizontal agitated drums. A simplified form of the dimensionless power equation for the investigated agitated drum and granular material was created. The equation took into account the effect of the mixing Froude number. The values of the equation’s unknown parameters were determined by a nonlinear solver using laboratory measurements. A new dimensionless number was introduced which contains the mixing power requirement and was named cohesive power number. This dimensionless number determines the relationship between the mixing power requirement and the bulk cohesion by taking into account the typical size of the mixer and the rotational speed.
Atezolizumab combined with immunogenic salvage chemoimmunotherapy in patients with transformed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Othman Tamer , Frankel Paul , Allen Pamela , Popplewell Leslie L. , Shouse Geoffrey , Siddiqi Tanya , Danilov Alexey V. , Ruel Nora , Daniels Shari , Peters Lacolle , Khoo Stella , Rosen Steven T. , Sharon Elad , Villalona-Calero Miguel , Ruel Christopher , Tuscano Joseph , Herrera Alex F.
Published: July 2024

Patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) transformed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) from indolent B-cell lymphomas, including Richter transformation (RT), have a poor prognosis. PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies produce modest objective and complete response rates (ORR and CRR) in B-NHL as monotherapy but may synergize with immunogenic chemotherapies like gemcitabine and oxaliplatin (GemOx). Thus, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of atezolizumab plus rituximab and GemOx (R-GemOx+Atezo) in R/R transformed DLBCL, including RT. We conducted a phase I trial including patients with transformed DLBCL after ≥1 prior therapy. Patients received up to 4 cycles of R-GemOx-+Atezo. Patients in CR could then proceed to Ratezo maintenance until progression. A safety lead-in with dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) evaluation was enrolled to confirm the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D), followed by 2 expansion cohorts: one for transformed follicular lymphoma (FL) and another for non-FL transformed DLBCL, including RT. Twenty-seven patients were enrolled. One of the 6 safety lead-in patients had a DLT attributed to atezolizumab, a grade 4 Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS). The most common grade ≥3 events were neutropenia (18.5%), lymphopenia (18.5%), and thrombocytopenia (14.8%). The overall and complete response rates (ORR and CRR) were 59% and 33%, respectively. The ORR and CRR in transformed FL were 79% and 43%, and 38% and 23% in transformed non-FL, respectively. The median PFS and OS of the total population were 4.2 and 7.7 months, respectively. R-GemOx+Atezo was well tolerated and demonstrated promising preliminary efficacy in patients with R/R transformed DLBCL.
Development of blast-resistant rice varieties through marker-assisted selection
Authors: Nadim M K A , Islam M M , Hoque M I , Hasan M J , Uddin M I
Published: July 2024

The blast of rice caused by Pyricularia oryzae fungus plays a vital role in reducing the yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Bangladesh. Rice blast is one of the major constraints on rice productivity in many countries, including Bangladesh. An experiment was conducted from November 2022 to April 2023 at the Biotechnology Division of the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture aimed to developing blast-resistant rice varieties using marker-assisted selection. Three rice varieties were used: BRRI dhan48, BRRI dhan58, and IRBL9-W. SSR markers were employed for F1 confirmation, selecting 14 plants for backcrossing. PCR analysis and gel electrophoresis confirmed F1 plants through polymorphic markers. A total of 97 BC1F1 seeds were produced. The study contributes to developing blast-resistant rice lines, crucial for mitigating yield losses caused by Pyricularia oryzae, addressing a significant threat to rice production in Bangladesh.
Bangladesh J. Agri. 2024, 49(1): 41-51
Determination of the potentiality of different sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes
Authors: Islam M N , Sultana S , Rashid MHarun Ur , Rahim M A
Published: July 2024

A field experiment was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU) during Kharif season 2022 to know the genetic variability, correlation, and path analysis based on twelve characters of 43 sesame genotypes. Analysis of variance exhibited significant differences among the genotypes for most of the characters except the number of capsules per plant. The phenotypic variance and phenotype coefficient of variation were relatively higher than the respective genotypic variance and genotypic coefficient of variation for all the characters. High broad sense heritability together with high genetic advance in percent of mean was observed for number of secondary branches per plant (90.1%), 1000-seed weight (99.31%), and seed yield per plant (97.9%) while moderate heritability for days to 50% flowering (59.81%). The correlation coefficient analysis revealed that seed yield per plant had a significant positive correlation with plant height, days to 50% flowering, days to 80% maturity, number of primary branches per plant, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, height of the first capsule, and 1000-seed weight. It appears from path co-efficient analysis that plant height (0.856), days to 80% maturity (0.227), number of primary branches per plant (0.467), number of secondary branches per plant (0.441), capsule length (0.258), and number of seeds per capsule (0.213) had a positive direct effect on yield per plant whereas, internode length (-0.799) followed by number of capsules per plant (-0.370), and days to 50% flowering (-0.198) had a negative direct effect. Based on mean performance, heritability and interrelationship, the genotypes G6, G12, and G36 for seed yield per plant, and the genotypes G26, G27, and G37 for early maturity could be selected for further varietal improvement of sesame.
Bangladesh J. Agri. 2024, 49(1): 52-67
Molecular identification of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) of tomato at Gazipur district in Bangladesh
Authors: Elahi F E , Islam M M , Faruk M I l , Rahman M M
Published: July 2024

A total of four root-knot nematode infected tomato root samples were collected from different locations in Gazipur, Bangladesh. Two methods of PCR were used to detect Meloidogyne spp. on tomatoes. One is molecular identification by DNA sequencing of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) 28SD2/D3 gene, and another is PCR using species-specific SCAR primers. In the phylogenetic tree, the obtained sequences; OR351387, OR351388, OR351389, and OR351390 clustered with specific Meloidogyne incognita clade with a strong bootstrap support value of 100%. Species-specific primers produced a fragment of 399 bp for Meloidogyne incognita. Thus, utilizing species-specific markers and analyzing the results of a phylogenetic tree made from the amplified 28S D2/D3 gene region revealed the association of Meloidogyne incognita on tomato root-knot disease in Bangladesh.
Bangladesh J. Agri. 2024, 49(1): 136-140
Assessing seed health and resistance traits in watermelon against gummy stem blight
Authors: Alam M M , Alam K M , Arifunnahar M , Karim M R , Siddique S S
Published: July 2024

Water melon is popular summer fruits and gummy stem blight (GSB) disease caused by fungal pathogen Didymella bryoniae is one the major problem for water melon production in Bangladesh. With the increase of watermelon cultivation in the country, gummy stem blight disease is increasing drastically which discouraged farmers watermelon production. Using resistant source is most effective disease management strategy compared to other disease management methods. The seed health test revealed the presence of D. bryoniae and F. oxysporum f.sp. niveum fungi associated with water melon seeds imported from different counties.  BARI line 03-144x21 and BARI line 02-07x08 showed the lowest lesion symptom by 25.67 x 25.17mm and 24.17 x 23.67mm in laboratory detached leaves test in the artificially inoculated with  D. bryoniae isolates S002 and S005, respectively. In pot evaluation test, all BARI lines showed lower gummy stem blight disease incidence and severity which indicated the moderately resistant (MR) against the disease and all the imported hybrid varieties showed moderately susceptible to susceptile against the disease. In the field experiments, four BARI inbreed lines and two commercial varieties (Black Diamond (Metal Seed) and Black Diamond (Alamgir Seed) showed moderately resistant (MR) against the disease. From these studies, it can be concluded that BARI inbred lines viz. BARI line 01-08X07, BARI line 02-07X08, BARI line 03-144X21BARI line 04-21X144, showed moderately resistant against stem blight disease of water melon and all the commercial varieties and advance line showed susceptible of stem blight disease of water melon.
Bangladesh J. Agri. 2024, 49(1): 68-85
Wild Edible Fruits Used by the Tribal Communities of Rowangchhari Upazila in Bandarban Hill District, Bangladesh
Authors: Alam M S , Rahman M M , Hossain M K
Published: July 2024

Wild edible fruits play a vital role in the daily lives of the ethnic people living in Chittagong Hill Tracts. Fruits help in a healthy lifestyle as the main source of minerals and vitamins. It also has great socio-economic significance for medicinal values. The present study deals with the identification, documentation, and exploration of wild edible fruits consumed by tribal communities in the Rowangchhari upazila of Bandarban Hill District, Bangladesh. Information on wild edible fruit tree species was collected through structured and semi-structured interviews. A total of 35 wild edible fruits belonging to 23 families were recorded with their scientific name, family, local name, time of availability, and mode of consumption. These fruits were generally eaten fresh and raw. Dillenia indica, Diospyros malabarica, Ficus racemosa, Flacourtia jangomas, Haematocarpus validus, and Syzygium fruticosum are some fruits that are commonly used by the local inhabitants, and some of these fruits are also used to treat different diseases through traditional methods.
Bangladesh J. Agri. 2024, 49(1): 86-94
Proximate Composition and Nutrient Content of Various Selected Varieties of Soybean (Glycine Max L.)
Authors: Miah M N , Hasib M A , Ahmed K U , Roksana K M , Rahman M H
Published: July 2024

The physico-chemical characteristics of five distinct soybean cultivars that were gathered from diverse sources from April  to October 2020 were examined in this study. The experiment was conducted in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. Seed weight, moisture percentage, ash percentage, oil percentage, protein percentage, chemical constants (saponification, acid, and iodine value), fatty acid composition, and mineral composition of the seeds of five soybean genotypes and their cakes were estimated. BINA Soybean-3 had the highest seed weight (159.01g) among the five varieties. The moisture level of the beans ranged from 9.06% (BARI Soybean-6) to 9.84% (BINA Soybean-3). The variety, Shohag, had the highest concentration of ash (5.20%). The oil content ranged from 14.88% in BINA Soybean-3 to 16.87% in BU Soybean-2. The maximum amount of oil cake was found in BU Soybean-2 (83.23%). The percentage of protein ranged from 38.01% (BINA Soybean-5) to 52.20% (BU Soybean-2). BINA Soybean-3 has the highest iodine number (79.65) while BU Soybean-2 has the highest saponification value (189.85), and BINA Soybean-3 has the lowest acid value (0.90). The largest amounts of linoleic acid (54.39%), linolenic acid (9.56%) and palmitoleic acid (0.18%) were found in BU Soybean-2. The variety Shohag had the highest levels of phosphorus (0.84%), copper (29.24 ppm), calcium (0.23%), iron (86.75ppm), and sulphur (0.09%) in terms of mineral compositions. This study found that Shohag had remarkable mineral compositions, while BU Soybean-2 outperformed the other soybean varieties in terms of quality.
Bangladesh J. Agri. 2024, 49(1): 106-116
Explicating the salinity tolerance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) genotypes at seed germinating stage
Authors: Rahim M A , Hossain A , Ara A M , Islam M N , Huda K M K
Published: July 2024

Cowpea is an important food and fodder legume in the arid and semi-arid tropics of the world. Soil salinity adversely affects seed germination, which ultimately reduces crop production. The present study was carried out to screen the cowpea germplasm and identify the salinity tolerant genotypes at the germination stage. Initially, an experiment with five salinity levels (0, 50, 100, 200, and 250 mM of NaCl) was conducted, and the results showed that 200 mM of NaCl concentration could be a sensible salinity stress to assess the salinity tolerance of cowpea genotypes. A total of 29 cowpea genotypes were evaluated under a 200 mM NaCl concentration. Four salinity tolerance indices  such as  absolute decrease (AD), inhibition index (II), relative salt tolerance (RST), and salt tolerance index (STI) were calculated from germination percentage without stress (GC) and germination with 200 mM  NaCl (GS). All the indices showed significant variation in responses to salinity stress among the cowpea genotypes. The results revealed that salinity stress significantly reduced the germinating percentage in cowpea. Total seven cowpea genotypes (G4, G9, G12, G15, G26, G27, and G32) were found to be salinity tolerant lines at the germination stage. The seven genotypes were clustered  in the same group which had the higher RST (G4: 0.58, G9: 0.80, G12: 0.50, G15: 0.60, G26: 0.50, G27: 0.60, and G32: 0.80) and STI (G4: 0.58, G9: 0.80, G12: 0.50, G15: 0.60, G26: 0.50, G27: 0.60, and G32: 0.79) under salinity stress. However, this is a preliminary screening against salinity at the germination stage, and further research is required at the seedling vegetative and reproductive stages for validation.
Bangladesh J. Agri. 2024, 49(1): 117-127
Optimizing Cabbage Yield through integrated biochar and cow urine applications
Authors: Rahman Z , Robbani M , Rahim M A , Hasan M F , Mithu M H
Published: July 2024

This experiment was conducted at the Germplasm Center of Patuakhali Science and Technology University from November 2019 to January 2020. The objective  of this research was to optimize  cabbage production by incorporating  biochar-based fertilizers and cow urine and reducing dependence on chemical fertilizers.. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was employed. The treatments consisted of : T1 = control, T2 = biochar + cow urine, T3 = recommended manures, T4 = recommended fertilizers, T5 = recommended fertilizers + biochar + cow urine, and T6 = recommended manures and fertilizers. The result showed a substantial impact of biochar-based fertilizers, particularly when combined with cow urine and recommended manures and biochar (T5). Significant improvements were observed in plant height (33.55 cm), leaf no. (22.84), plant spread (64.52 cm²), leaf weight (0.25 kg plant⁻¹), and length of the stem (4.77 cm) as well as  cabbage head characteristics, including increased length (20.00 cm), diameter (24.63 cm), weight (2.17 kg), and overall head yield (77.93 t/ha). The findings underscore the potential of integrating biochar-based fertilizers and cow urine, in conjunction with recommended manures to enhance cabbage growth and yield reduce reliance on chemical fertilizers, and mitigate environmental risks.
Bangladesh J. Agri. 2024, 49(1): 128-135
Vitamin D status in patients with mental disorders in Bangladesh: a cross sectional study
Authors: Algin Sultana , Zinnat Rahelee , Fahian Ahir , Qudir Amin Ahmad Mostafa
Published: July 2024

Vitamin D deficiency may contribute to the etiology of mental disorders by affecting the pathway of serotonin and catecholamine synthesis. Substantial research showed a relationship between mental illness and Vitamin D deficiency. The present study was aimed to see the status of vitamin D in different groups of patients with mental disorders. It was a cross-sectional study carried out from June 2020 to November 2021. Out of 220 patients who took telemedicine sessions, 205 were responded and included in the study. According to Clinical Practice Guidelines from the United States Endocrine Society, vitamin D categorical definitions were followed.  Among 205 study subjects, 67.3 % were females and their mean age was 34.55±15.2 years.  Among the mental disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) patients were in the highest number (40.5%), followed by major depressive disorder (MDD) (17.36%), bipolar mood disorder (BMD) (12.7%), schizophrenia (10.7%), dual diagnosis (8.3%) and others 10.2%. Age and habitat of the patients had a significant association with vitamin D severity level. The mean Vitamin D level of the study subjects was 19.97±11.8 and the prevalence of hypovitaminosis was 87.80%. The severity of vitamin D status was; deficiency (<20ng/ml) 61.95%, and insufficiency (21-30ng/ml) 25.85% respectively. The mean vitamin D level among OCD (17.93±9.6) and schizophrenia (16.35±9.8) was much closer to each other. Vitamin D level was found to be significantly different among the groups of mental disorders i.e. between OCD versus MDD (p=0.021), BMD versus OCD (p=0.021). Vitamin D deficiency is an under-diagnosed entity, especially in treating patients with psychiatric disorders. Hopefully, further studies will come out exploring the issue in Bangladesh.
Bang J Psychiatry 2023;37(1): 1-5
Adaptation and validation of Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS) in Bangla
Authors: Khan Muntasir , Alam Mohammad Tariqul , Parveen Shahana , Sarkar Ahsan Aziz
Published: July 2024

Anxiety disorders cast a significant shadow over individuals’ lives, affecting their physical, psychological, and social well-being. Several types of anxiety disorders are prevalent in Bangladesh. Using a disorder-specific scale for screening each anxiety disorder would be unwise in a busy healthcare setting. Recognizing the need for an effective screening and assessment tool for anxiety in the Bengali-speaking population, a cross-sectional validation study spanning from October 2018 to February 2023 successfully adapted and validated the overall anxiety severity and impairment scale (OASIS) for Bangla-speaking adults. OASIS is one of the shortest available anxiety screening tools and can assess multiple anxiety disorders within a short time. This ground-breaking study, conducted at the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) with approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB), followed a meticulous adaptation process that included forward and backward translations, synthesis, and pilot testing.  Clinically diagnosed 150 adults with anxiety disorder from the outpatient department who were administered an adapted version of OASIS, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale 7 (GAD 7), and the WHO 5 wellbeing index (WHO-5) to assess the reliability and validity of OASIS Bangla version and data were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) 23 and classical and Bayesian instrument development (CBID) software. A significant strong positive correlation (r=0.861) was found between OASIS and GAD-7 which suggested strong convergent validity. Likewise, a strong negative correlation (r=-0.837) between OASIS and WHO-5 suggested strong divergent validity. Internal consistency measured by Cronbach’s alpha found was 0.834 and split-half reliability measured by Spearman Brown Coefficient found was 0.836. Confirmatory factor analysis of the proposed one-factor model had a chi-square/df value of less than 3; Root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) value of 0.073; comparative fit Index (CFI) value of 0.997 and Tucker Lewis index (TLI) value of 0.994. An exploratory factor analysis by principal component analysis method with varimax rotation identified one factor with eigenvalues more than 1.0 and it explained 60.8% of the variance. All five items had factor loads of more than 0.60 and the final analysis yielded a single component. When the results were considered as a whole, the OASIS Bangla was found a valid and reliable tool to assess anxiety severity along with impairment for Bangladeshi people.
Bang J Psychiatry 2023;37(2): 32-37
Disclosure practices in Bangladesh: A critical review on Islamic insurance companies
Authors: Sultana Tania
Published: July 2024

The aim of the study is to analyze the reporting and disclosure practices in Islamic insurance (takaful) companies in Bangladesh. The accounting system is not the same for the both conventional and Islamic insurance companies as the principles and functions of takaful are different from the traditional one. The study included five Islamic insurance companies out of six as the sample organizations by using purposive sampling method. The un-weighted disclosure index (UDI) method has been used to grade the sample organizations on their disclosures in the annual reports for the period from 2015 to 2019. MS excel has been used to analyze the data. Despite their common regulatory rules, some differences have been found in presenting their reports of the sample Islamic insurance companies. According to UDI value, on the whole disclosure status of the selected insurance companies are good. This study found that the deviations in reporting in the selected takaful companies are not insignificant. The increasing trend of disclosure of the takaful companies bears the good indication.
IIUC Business Review, Vol.-11, Issue-1, Dec. 2022, pp. 113-126
Changes in norovirus incidence in Victoria, Australia, 2022: are we back to normal yet after COVID?
Authors: Bruggink Leesa D , Thorley Bruce
Published: July 2024

There were 108 norovirus-positive outbreaks in 2022, with 45 (41.7%) occurring during the first quarter (Q1), January–March. Aged care facilities accounted for 44.4% of norovirus-positive outbreaks; 43.5% were in childcare settings. Overall, the GII.P31/GII.4 genotype was the most common, involved in 39.4% of outbreaks; however, there were shifts in the most common genotype across the year. In Q1, the GII.P31/GII.4 genotype accounted for 73.3% of typed outbreaks, but by Q3 (July–September) the GII.P7/GII.6 was the most prominent genotype at 45.0%. In Q4 (October–December), the dominant genotype had changed again to GII.P16/GII.4 (52.6%). While the incidence of norovirus outbreaks in 2022 was average regarding overall prevalence and genotype diversity, there are still ongoing effects from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in relation to seasonality, outbreak demographics and specimen referral.
Climbing Fiber Activation Induced by Footshock in the Cerebellar Vermis Lobule IV/V of Freely Moving Mice
Authors: Xue R , Tang X , Tang J , Zhang S , Liao X , Chen X , Li L , Li X
Published: July 2024

Parallel fibers (PFs) in the cerebellar cortex are involved in a series of coordinated responses in the fear conditioning paradigm induced by footshock. However, whether footshock can activate cerebellar climbing fibers (CFs) remains unclear. In this study, we recorded calcium (Ca2+) activity in CFs by optical fiber photometry in the cerebellar vermis lobule IV/V of freely moving mice with footshock stimulation. We found that the activation of CFs in the lobule IV/V was highly correlated with footshock stimulation but not with the sound stimulation used as a control. This result suggests that afferent information from CFs might be associated with the motor initiation of fear-related behaviors or fear emotion itself. Thus, our results suggest that a characteristic CF signal in the cerebellar cortex might be related to fear processing or footshock-related behaviors (such as startle responses or pain sensation).
Dihydromyricetin Inhibits Ferroptosis to Attenuate Cisplatin-Induced Muscle Atrophy
Authors: You L
Published: July 2024

Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapy drug for the treatment of various cancers. However, although cisplatin is effective in targeting cancer cells, it has severe side effects including skeletal muscle atrophy. In this study, we aimed to characterize the role of Dihydromyricetin in cisplatin-induced muscle atrophy in mice. 5-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were treated with Dihydromyricetin for 14 days orally followed by in intraperitoneally cisplatin administration for 6 days. Gastrocnemius muscles were isolated for the following experiments. Antioxidative stress were determined by peroxidative product malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. Quadriceps muscle mass and grip strength were significantly restored by Dihydromyricetin in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, muscle fibers were improved in Dihydromyricetin treated group. Excessive skeletal muscle E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases in cisplatin group were significantly repressed by Dihydromyricetin treatment. Dihydromyricetin significantly reduced oxidative stress induced by cisplatin by decreasing MDA level and restored SOD and GPx activities. In addition, ferroptosis was significantly reduced by Dihydromyricetin characterized by reduced iron level and ferritin heavy chain 1 and improved Gpx4 level. The present study demonstrated that Dihydromyricetin attenuated cisplatin-induced muscle atrophy by reducing skeletal muscle E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis.
Neurophysiological Assessment of H-Reflex Alterations in Compressive Radiculopathy
Authors: Šádek P , Hrušková E , Ostrý S , Otáhal J
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to investigate changes in the H-reflex recruitment curve in compressive radiculopathy, specifically assessing differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic limbs in patients with unilateral S1 radiculopathy through derived parameters. A total of 24 volunteers (15 male and 9 female, aged between 22 and 60 years) with confirmed nerve root compression in the L5/S1 segment participated. Nerve root compression was verified through clinical MRI examination and attributed to disc protrusion, spinal canal stenosis, or isthmic spondylolisthesis of L5/S1. Analysis revealed no difference in M-wave threshold intensity between symptomatic and non-symptomatic limbs. However, the H-reflex exhibited a trend toward increased threshold intensity in the symptomatic limb. Notably, a significant decrease in the slope of the H-reflex was observed on the symptomatic side, and the maximal H-reflex amplitude proved to be markedly different between the two limbs. The Hmax/Mmax ratio demonstrated a significant decrease in the symptomatic limb, indicating reduced effectiveness of signal translation. In conclusion, our findings emphasize the importance of H-reflex parameters in evaluating altered recruitment curves, offering valuable insights for neurological examinations. The observed differences in maximal values of M-wave, H-reflex, and their ratio in affected and unaffected limbs can enhance the diagnostic process for lumbosacral unilateral radiculopathy and contribute to a standardized approach in clinical assessments.
Informal Land Buyers’ Perspectives in Dilla City, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Gedecho Kibru Alemu , Horváthné Kovács Bernadett
Published: July 2024

Formal urban land is market unable to supply adequate residential plot that could shoulder the prevailing demand from low- and middle-income people and hence, the aim of the paper was meant to explore the informal land buyers’ expectations of infrastructure and various related municipal services that they deprive themselves of. A mixed-method approach was used, combining a survey of 186 respondents in informal land markets, observation, and focus group discussions with municipal experts. Secondary data from formal land markets in Dilla municipality from 2017-2023 were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The result of the study revealed that the pushing factors of informal land market proliferation in Dilla city is due to the lack of formal land supply from Dilla municipality which is only 6.6% so that the remaining great majority (97.3%) of the study area residents expect at least one service (road, water, electricity, drainage, monitoring services) from Dilla municipality to improve deprivation of basic infrastructural services, notwithstanding the need of land monitoring services such as surveying and title deeds. The situations call for design a pro-poor land and housing policy, adequate compensation during expropriation of farmers for serviced supply of land, creating awareness about formal land markets, and working in collaboration with rural counterparts in basis of rural – urban collaboration frameworks.
Hubungan Dukungan Sosial Dengan Kualitas Hidup Keluarga Pasien Skizofrenia
Authors: Aulia Tia Isma , Budhiana Johan , Mariam Iyam
Published: July 2024

Keluarga yang merawat pasien skizofrenia sering menghadapi tantangan dalam kualitas hidup mereka. Salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi kualitas hidup mereka adalah dukungan sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi hubungan antara dimensi dukungan sosial dan kualitas hidup keluarga pasien skizofrenia. Dukungan sosial mengacu pada bantuan yang diterima dari berbagai sumber, sedangkan kualitas hidup keluarga mengukur kesejahteraan secara keseluruhan dalam konteks keluarga. Studi korelasional ini menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional, melibatkan seluruh keluarga yang merawat pasien skizofrenia, dengan sampel sebanyak 40 keluarga menggunakan teknik total sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan untuk mengukur kualitas hidup keluarga adalah skala Beach Center Family Quality of Scale yang sudah baku. Variabel dukungan sosial adalah skala Likert yang dimodifikasi. Pada uji validitas dukungan sosial 13 instrumen dan kualitas hidup keluarga 23 instrumen dinyatakan valid, untuk uji reliabilitas dengan nilai reliabilitas dukungan sosial kuat dan kualitas hidup keluarga dinyatakan sangat kuat. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan analisis statistik menggunakan regresi linier sederhana dan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ratarata variabel dukungan emosional sebesar 12,85, dukungan penilaian sebesar 5,05, dukungan instrumental sebesar 8,02, dukungan informasional sebesar 10,22 dan kualitas hidup keluarga sebesar 82,85. Terdapat hubungan secara simultan dukungan sosial yaitu dukungan emosional, penilaian, instrumental dan informasional dengan kualitas hidup keluarga pasien skizofrenia dengan nilai p-value 0,000 < 0,05. Kesimpulannya, dukungan emosional, penilaian, instrumental, dan informasional secara bersama-sama berhubungan signifikan dengan kualitas hidup keluarga yang merawat pasien skizofrenia. Meningkatkan dukungan sosial dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup bagi keluarga yang merawat pasien skizofrenia.