bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trayectoria de Germán W. Rama: segundo reformador de la enseñanza uruguaya
Authors: Domínguez Vaselli Pablo
Published: November 2017

Hacia finales del siglo XIX, José Pedro Varela realizaría la primera gran reforma de la enseñanza uruguaya. Tras un siglo de quietud, Germán W. Rama desarrollaría la segunda reforma educativa en la historia del Uruguay, hacia fines del siglo XX. Rama, hijo de inmigrantes gallegos, sería bienvenido por el sistema educativo meritocrático que imperaba en el Uruguay Batllista y llevaría adelante una carrera sorprendente. Partiendo del almacén de sus padres gallegos, llegaría hasta la Escuela de Altos Estudios de París y se convertiría en el máximo exponente de la sociología de la educación en América Latina, destacándose tanto por sus labores en Cepal como por sus esfuerzos para mejorar la educación en Colombia y en muchos otros países. Sin embargo, el éxito no pudo hacerle olvidar el sistema educativo que lo formó. Volvería a Uruguay y realizaría, en la década de los noventa, la única reforma en América Latina que no solo defendió la enseñanza pública, a contrapunto del privatismo que imperó en la época, sino que amplió su alcance como nunca antes y acercó a la política educativa uruguaya nuevamente a los más altos estándares técnicos de la época. Su figura y su reforma serían polémicas, igual que todo impulso despierta su freno: se cuentan aquí las facetas de esta historia, tanto como pudo reconstruirse, a través de entrevistas a los actores que la conocieron de primera mano.
Tomás Amadeo Vasconi y la radicalización del pensamiento político-pedagógico en las décadas del sesenta y setenta
Authors: Suasnábar Claudio , Isola Nicolás José
Published: November 2017

Las décadas del 50 y 60 fueron un período de profundas transformaciones para el conjunto de los países latinoamericanos. En la convergencia de estos cambios se inscribió un amplio y heterogéneo espectro de proyectos políticos que tendrán en común la voluntad de avanzar en una transformación social profunda. Todos estos procesos se dieron en el marco del crecimiento de la llamada «nueva izquierda», como también de la emergencia de distintas organizaciones guerrilleras en la región. La figura de Tomás Amadeo Vasconi resulta «paradigmática» como trayectoria biográfica, seguida por numerosos intelectuales provenientes de las ciencias sociales y de la educación que, en los convulsionados 60 y 70, iniciarían un proceso de radicalización política. El artículo analiza distintas etapas de su pensamiento educativo inicial de carácter desarrollista-funcionalista en Argentina; en Chile, donde se produce su conversión al marxismo vía estructuralismo francés. Y finalmente en su exilio en Panamá, Venezuela y Cuba, donde su reflexión se centra en las dictaduras militares y la revolución truncada en América Latina. El trabajo busca dar a conocer a un autor que ha sido relevante en la discusión sobre las tensiones educativo-políticas de esas décadas tan convulsionadas.
Acerca del saber pedagógico: una aproximación desde el pensamiento de Eloísa Vasco Montoya
Authors: Pérez Mesa María Rocio , Fonseca Amaya Gillermo
Published: November 2017

El propósito del presente artículo es destacar el pensamiento de Eloísa Vasco Montoya como una de las intelectuales del país y de América Latina, quien a lo largo de su vida aportó en la configuración de un nuevo maestro, desde su reconocimiento como productor de saber pedagógico, categoría que es vigente en el debate contemporáneo respecto a la pedagogía y la formación de profesores. El trabajo que se pone en consideración asimismo es una construcción colectiva a través de fuentes primarias, el cual recoge tres voces: la de la autora, la de los maestros y la de sus propios textos, configurando una mirada temporal de la historia educativa del país. El texto se construye desde la tesis, que acerca del saber pedagógico, son los propios maestros quienes pueden hablar de él, escribir y comunicar; por ello el documento es el producto de entrevistas realizadas a Eloísa Vasco Montoya, al grupo de maestros de Ubaté y a la actual rectora del Colegio Cafam, Libia Esperanza Abril, con quienes Eloísa compartió, aportó y seguramente aprendió. Estas entrevistas se cruzan con los textos producidos por Eloísa Vasco Montoya que comunican su perspectiva en relación con la escuela, el maestro, la investigación pedagógica y el aula. Finalmente, el texto recorre tres apartados: el primero, una mirada contextual del pensamiento de Eloísa Vasco Montoya; el segundo, acerca del saber pedagógico; y por último, las relaciones entre el saber pedagógico y el maestro investigador.
Gabriela Mistral: tácticas de una maestra viajera
Authors: Sepúlveda Vásquez Carola
Published: November 2017

En el presente artículo intentaremos conocer y comprender algunas de las experiencias vitales y laborales de Gabriela Mistral en cuanto poeta, maestra, intelectual y diplomática chilena. En un recorrido por su infancia, su carrera docente, sus viajes y sus relaciones con la política y los políticos de su época, intentaremos reconocer las tácticas (De Certeau, 2007) empleadas por Gabriela para desenvolverse y mantenerse conectada con Chile, mientras vivía en el extranjero.
Miguel Fornaguera, un librepensador catalán en Colombia
Authors: Álvarez Gallego Alejandro
Published: November 2017

El objetivo del artículo es mostrar la manera como se interceptaron y se plegaron las ideas de Miguel Fornaguera Ramón, un pedagogo que, proviniendo de otra cultura, se integró a la cultura pedagógica que caracterizó la primera parte de la segunda mitad del siglo XX colombiano. Este asunto pertenece a una preocupación que se ha hecho presente recientemente en la historiografía de la educación en Colombia: saber hasta dónde las prácticas pedagógicas de este período fueron resultado de la recepción de corrientes de pensamiento extranjeras que habrían llegado a nuestro territorio por efecto de la literatura que intelectuales y políticos conocían y divulgaban, por efecto de los viajes que realizaban, o por efecto de la presencia de pedagogos, académicos y políticos que habían llegado al país por diversas circunstancias. La historiografía colombiana siempre ha reconocido que Colombia no ha sido un país de migrantes, si se compara con el sur del continente o con México, incluso con Venezuela o Cuba. Al contrario, la Colombia de la primera mitad del siglo XX pareciera un país encerrado en sí mismo, sin mucho contacto con el mundo exterior. Los pocos intelectuales extranjeros radicados en el país en dicho período han sido estudiados para conocer su influencia en la configuración de diferentes disciplinas científicas. De los aportes foráneos a la pedagogía, en cambio, es muy poco lo que se ha estudiados. Este documento quiere aportar en esa dirección, haciendo eco de los trabajos pioneros que se han realizado y haciendo un llamado a los investigadores para que se profundice en esta línea de estudio.
Editorial
Authors: Bustamante Zamudio Guillermo
Published: November 2017

Editor invitado: Guillermo Bustamante ZamudioEn la escuela, todos hablamos de “evaluación objetiva”: los maestros, para decir que evaluamos bien; los estudiantes, para demandar equitatividad; los padres, para sancionar o premiar a sus hijos; el sindicato, para evitar sanciones y despejar los ascensos; los evaluadores profesionales, para sostener que sus pruebas (Saber, pisa, timms, pirls, etc.) están estandarizadas; el Ministerio de Educación Nacional, para eliminar la repitencia y, así, aumentar la eficiencia interna del sistema; las instancias que rigen la educación, para hablar de una evaluación institucional sin sesgos; los organismos multilaterales, para condicionar los préstamos...
Editorial
Authors: Álvarez Gallego Alejandro
Published: November 2017

Saberes escolares
Editorial
Authors: Martins Maria Do Carmo
Published: November 2017

O projeto deste dossiê sobre a história dos saberes escolares foi acalentado por um período de quase dois anos. Em 2014, pesquisadores brasileiros e colombianos se reuniram em um painel denominado “Sobre disciplinas e saberes escolares”, por ocasião do XI Congresso Iberoamericano de História da Educação Latinoamericana - CIHELA, em Toluca, México1 . Naquele painel, o diálogo entre investigadores apontou elementos importantes, de caráter teórico e metodológico, para a diferenciação das pesquisas sobre disciplinas e saberes escolares, como é próprio em um evento acadêmico internacional.
Índice por Autor
Authors: Editorial Comité
Published: November 2017

Revista Pedagogía y saberes (1-42)
Pensadores y Educación
Authors: Veiga-Nieto Alfredo , Rubio Gaviria David
Published: November 2017

Tal como proyectábamos en la convocatoria paraeste número de Pedagogía y Saberes, el abordajede ideas, conceptos, teorizaciones y debates en torno a las potenciales relaciones entre intelectualesy la educación es el eje de los artículos que aquí presentamos.La diversidad de lugares de enunciación,así como la exposición de variadas categorías paralos abordajes emprendidos por los autores que seexaminan en los artículos constituyen la trama de estanueva entrega de la revista.
2x Formamide Loading Dye v1
Authors: Himmighoefer Haven
Published: November 2017

Is an RNA loading dye.
Lab Recipes v1
Authors: Himmighoefer Haven
Published: November 2017

Useful lab recipessuch as common reagents, buffers, loading dye, etc.
Lysogeny Broth (LB) (1L) v1
Authors: Himmighoefer Haven , Ancar Rachel
Published: November 2017

A broth used to grow bacteria
TRADE IN SERVICES LIBERALIZATION WITH RESPECT TO ASEAN FRAMEWORK AGREEMENT ON SERVICES
Authors: Krinitsyn O.
Published: November 2017

Nowadays very dynamic and ambitious structural changes transform the global
economy and international trade. Particularly noteworthy is not only the speed of global changes, but the coverage which affects almost the entire economic world.
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations economies are no exception to these trends. While their rapid growth over the past few decades, largely driven by high exports of industrial products, services sector and trade in services began to gain importance recently.
This article analyzes the volume, dynamics and structure of trade in services in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations with respect to the Framework Agreement on Trade in Services (AFAS) geography and development of free trade zones involving ASEAN.
A comprehensive analysis of trade in services of individual sectors was performed. As a factor that contributes to international trade the Framework Agreement on Trade in Services was analyzed. Moreover free trade zones involving ASEAN were pointed out. This article analyzes the importance of comprehensive measures to successfully promote trade in services both within the region and with the rest of the world.
INTERNATIONAL TOURISM AS A TOOL OF PUBLIC DIPLOMACY: NEW OPPORTUNITIES OF STRENGTHENING FOREIGN INFLUENCE OF UKRAINE
Authors: Parfinenko A.
Published: November 2017

The article examines functional capabilities of international tourism to perform as a channel of «public diplomacy». The author defines the main factors, which in the terms of globalization, transform the world tourist flows into a foreign policy tool of influence. The article characterizes the dynamics of international tourist arrivals in the second half of the XX - early XXI century, which are represented as a global space of social networks and corresponding economic and geopolitical influences. The paper highlights basic approaches of «new public diplomacy» within which social institutions and processes (including tourism) are considered as independent subjects of international relations and important components of «soft power». The study reveals constructive role of tourism in shaping the global rating of «soft power» and the rating of national brands. It is claimed that there’s a direct correlation between tourist attraction and an opportunity to exert «soft» influence. The article grounds expediency of strengthening the promotion of national tourist product as an effective tool of public diplomacy in Ukraine. The author comes to the conclusion that in the terms of globalization tourism is gaining political weight as a factor in informal international contacts, additional tool to achieve foreign policy interests of the state and basic foundation of public diplomacy and diplomacy can be represented as an operational strategy for the development of national tourism.
CLASSIFICATION OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES INTO THE WORLD ECONOMY
Authors: Khvatov Iu.
Published: November 2017

The basic principles that guide the United Nations to allocate specific groups of countries requiring special attention from the international community to the problems of their sustainable development are described. The difference in the scale and structure of aid to the least developed countries; landlocked developing countries; small island developing countries and heavily indebted poor countries is analyzed. The specificity of the approach of the World Trade Organization to the definition of countries with preferential access to the markets and the countries with differential treatment regime is revealed. The criteria that guided the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank to identify those developing countries which have the right of access to preferential lending conditions are analyzed. It is proposed to divide all the developing countries on: high-income emerging economies; middle-income frontier economies and least developed countries.
LEADERSHIP AND HEGEMONY IN GEOSTRATEGY OF INFORMAL NEO-EMPIRES
Authors: Goltsov A.
Published: November 2017

The article analyzes the controversial issues of the relationship between leadership and hegemony in international relations, especially in the context of geostrategy of the informal neo-empires. Ideally, leadership of the certain actor means that other actors voluntarily accept its proposed values, norms and rules, recognize its authority to implement a policy for the realization of common goals. Hegemony is the dominance of a particular actor (hegemon) over other actors, establishing his controls over them, imposing its political, economic and cultural values. Hegemony in international relations is carried out usually covertly and often presented as a leadership. Leadership and hegemony are possible at various levels of the geopolitical organization in the world. We treat leadership and hegemony as mechanisms of implementation of a geostrategy of powerful actors of international relations, particularly of informal neo-empires. Each of the contemporary informal neo-empires develops and implements geostrategy, aimed at ensuring its hegemony, usually covert, within a certain geospace and realizes it as a means of a both “hard” and “soft” power. The USA, which is the main “center” of the Western macro-empire, trys to maintain its world leadership, and at the same time secure a covert hegemony over the strategically important regions of the world. The EU is a neo-imperial alliance and has geostrategy of “soft” hegemony. Russia opposes the hegemony of the West and advocates the formation of a multipolar world order with the “balance of power”.
The RF carries in the international arena neo-imperial geostrategy in the international arena directed to increase its role in the world and ensure its hegemony in the post-Soviet space.
LEGAL REGULATION OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS’ FUNCTIONING WITHIN THE SCHENGEN AREA
Authors: Mushak N.
Published: November 2017

The article investigates the legal regulation of cross-border information systems that operate within the Schengen area. These information systems are the Schengen Information System, Visa Information System and the European Travel Information and Authorisation System.
The information systems provide the opportunity of free access to the database of border and law enforcement authorities of the Schengen area member states. These authorities are able to quick and efficient collaboration as well as in interaction in support of national security, public order and effective fight against organized crime, border-crossing of illegal immigrants, drug trafficking etc.
The article defines that in addition to cooperation between the competent and relevant authorities of the Schengen area member states the information systems are to be the instruments of the freedom of movement of persons, contributing at the same time of public order and national security of each of the European countries.
The article analyses the main tasks and purposes of a new European travel information and authorization system. In particular, the system concerns those countries that have already signed agreements on visa-free regime with the EU. In practice, it means that the citizens of "visa-free" countries will be able to travel to the Schengen area member states without a visa, but they are required to be authorized through this system before the trip.
The research also analyzes the regulations of the European Union, western and national doctrine in respect of the operation of cross-border information systems within the Schengen area.
Translation, transcultural adaptation and validation of the Nordic questionnaire for the evaluation of low back pain in Brazilian adolescents
Authors: Oliveira Raphael Gonçalves de , Pires-Oliveira Deise Aparecida de Almeida , Oliveira Laís Campos de , Remonte Anne Karoline , Garcia Sandy Caroline , Araújo Camila Costa de , Jassi Fabrício José , Ramos Wagner Luiz , Venâncio Patrícia Espíndola Mota , Júnior Jairo Teixeira , Oliveira Rodrigo Franco de
Published: November 2017

Background: Low back pain has been configured as a public health problem capable of compromising functional capacity, even in adolescents, however, there are no validated instruments for Brazilian adolescents. Objective: Validate the psychometric properties of the Nordic questionnaire for the evaluation of low back pain in Brazilian adolescents. Methods: The sample consisted of 150 adolescents (84 female), aged between 15 and 19 years. The Nordic questionnaire for the evaluation of low back pain in adolescents, was translated and culturally adapted into Portuguese (Brazil). A committee of experts followed the entire validation process. The questionnaire was administered in two moments, with a 14-day interval. Statistical analysis involved Kappa index. Results: After the slight modifications in the translation process, the expert committee considered that the Brazilian Portuguese version of the questionnaire presented semantic, idiomatic, cultural and conceptual equivalence. The results showed that, among the 15 items considered in the eight questions of the questionnaire, 66.6% presented substantial agreement (kappa between 0.61-0.80). The other items presented almost perfect agreement (kappa > 0.80). Conclusion: The Nordic questionnaire for the evaluation of low back pain in adolescents, after being translated and culturally adapted into the Portuguese (Brazil) language, showed adequate psychometric properties, with high reproducibility in all items, demonstrating that it can be used safely to evaluate the low back pain in Brazilian adolescents.
Protocol of early physiotherapeutic intervention in patients with acute stroke intra-hospital: systematic review
Authors: Junior Paulo Roberto Fonseca , Vale Vanessa Donato do
Published: November 2017

Background: Stroke is associated with high rates of mortality and disability. Physiotherapy plays a key role in the treatment these patients. Early rehabilitation proves to be an important point in the recovery process, as it helps to reduce complications and loss of functional capacity. Objective: This systematic review aims to analyze the effects of early physiotherapy protocols on recovery after acute stroke intra-hospital. Methods: The research sought references with publication date between January 2010 and March 2017, through a database such as MedLine (by PubMed), Lilacs, Cochrane Library, Scielo and PEDro. Results: A total of 30 articles were identified. After reading their titles, abstracts and full texts, and being evaluated, punctuated and qualified by the PEDro and Jadad scale, only 6 articles were selected for this review. Conclusion: This study provides an insight into the variety of approaches adopted by therapists that can be used in this type of population, demonstrating improvement in several motor and functional aspects, and confirming that the intervention performed at an early stage is safe and without contra- indications.
An extreme event between The Little Ice Age and the 20th century: the snow avalanche cycle of 1888 in the Asturian Massif (Northern Spain)
Authors: García-Hernández C. , Ruiz-Fernández J. , Sánchez-Posada C. , Pereira S. , Oliva M.
Published: November 2017

Between the late Little Ice Age (LIA) cold stage and the early 20th century warmer scenario, a transitional regime characterized by an unstable climatic pattern generated a series of climate extremes affecting mid-latitude mountainous areas, as the Asturian Massif. There, the 1888 snow avalanche cycle appears as the most significant event, standing out among the rest of avalanche cycles recorded in this area during the 1800-2015 period both in terms of the number of damaging avalanches and damages caused by them. Among the factors that explain this event stands out the orographic precipitation phenomenon; the interaction of a cold and wet air mass originating from the North Atlantic with the relief of the Massif, which led to extraordinary snow thicknesses (>2 m) at very low altitudes (500 m a.s.l.), especially in the north-facing, Asturian versant of the Cantabrian Mountains. This allowed the triggering of avalanches in slopes gentler and in lower altitudes than usual, covering longer distances; consequently, avalanches reached more easily the settlements, generally placed at the bottom of the valley or in middle slope positions. The greater impact on the settlements, which suffered 84% of the damages, was the cause of this episode’s high socioeconomic impact (29 people dead, 34 injured, 123 heads of cattle dead, 124 buildings destroyed). These events occurred at a time when the mountain villages were highly populated and subjected to intense exploitation, coinciding with the development of new communication infrastructures in the upper parts of the Massif. Therefore, the 1888 episode constitutes a good example of both the impact of hydrometeorological events in mountain environments under high demographic pressure, and of climate extremes involved in a transition period from cold to warmer weather conditions.
Russian language proficiency of monolingual and Russian–English bi/multilingual children
Authors: Makarova Veronika , Terekhova Natalia
Published: November 2017

This paper reports the results of a study investigating the Russian-language proficiency of bi/multilingual (Russian–English [+additional language]) children in Saskatchewan, Canada, as compared to monolingual children in Russia. Very few studies of Russo-English bilingual children’s language performance are available in the Canadian context, and no studies have ever been conducted in Saskatchewan, where input is severely restricted compared to other contexts due to demographic reasons. The major impetus for the study was therefore to determine if in these settings, bi/multilingual children can develop minority language proficiency comparable to that of their monolingual peers in Russia. The methodology employed in the study focuses on the linguistic analysis of audio recordings of a picture description task performed by participants. Oral language proficiency parameters (including vocabulary, fluency, and syntactical complexity) in the speech of the 5–6-year-old bi/multilingual children were compared with the ones produced by a control group (monolingual children) from Russia. The results demonstrate that the oral language proficiency in the bilingual group is on a par with that of the monolingual group. However, reading and writing skills of the bi/multilingual group are less developed than in the control group.
Vocabulary profiles and reading comprehension in young bilingual children
Authors: Fraser Christie , Gottardo Alexandra , Geva Esther
Published: November 2017

Strong vocabulary knowledge is important for success in reading comprehension for English language learners (ELLs). The interplay between first (L1) and second language (L2) vocabulary knowledge in L2 English reading comprehension was examined to determine whether ELLs, whose command of L1 and L2 vocabulary varied across languages, differed in English reading comprehension in grades 2 and 4. ELLs (n = 105) were assigned to a bilingual profile group based on their L1 and L2 vocabulary knowledge and in relation to the sample: L1 dominant (strong L1), L2 dominant (strong L2), high balanced (strong in both), or low balanced (compromised in both). Relationships among L1 and L2 (English) vocabulary, nonverbal cognitive ability, word reading, and reading comprehension in English were examined. Results indicated that reading comprehension was related to bilingual profile, and that a three group model better characterized the sample when compared to the four group model that was initially hypothesized. L1 vocabulary was not uniquely predictive of L2 (English) reading comprehension. L2 vocabulary aligned betterwith reading comprehension concurrently in grade 2, and longitudinally in grade 4. In support of a common underlying cognitive processes perspective, individual differences in learning vocabulary may be a proxy forgeneral language learning ability, which supports reading comprehension.
Développement métalinguistique chez de jeunes enfants bilingues comparés à des monolingues
Authors: Pinto Maria Antonietta , El Euch Sonia
Published: November 2017

Nous présentons deux études sur le développement métalinguistique d’enfants bilingues, les uns italien–anglais, les autres italien–français, avec un même test métalinguistique en plusieurs versions linguistiques. La première étude, menée dans des classes de maternelles et primaires à Londres, a impliqué 118 enfants de quatre et cinq ans, dont 64 bilingues simultanés italien–anglais, et 54 monolingues anglais, tous issus d’un milieu socioculturel favorisé. Les bilingues ont obtenu des résultats métalinguistiques significativement supérieurs aux monolingues, indépendamment de la version linguistique du test (italienne ou anglaise). La deuxième étude a impliqué 101 enfants de cinq ans, dont 47 bilingues italien–français (31 simultanés et 16 consécutifs) fréquentant une école française à Rome, et 54 monolingues, dont 27 étaient des monolingues italiens testés à Rome en version italienne et 27 des monolingues français, testés en version française à Paris. Comme dans la première étude, tous les enfants appartenaient à un milieu favorisé. Les résultats ont montré que les bilingues ont eu de meilleurs résultats que les monolingues indépendamment de la version du test et de la distinction entre simultanés et consécutifs.
Is the bilingual brain better equipped for aging? Studies on neural and cognitive reserve in elderly bilinguals
Authors: Dash Tanya , Ghazi-Saidi Ladan , Berroir Pierre , Adrover-Roig Daniel , Benali Habib , Ansaldo Ana Inés
Published: November 2017

In the last decade, the study of the cognitive advantages stemming from bilingualism has become a major focus of research in neuroscience. The evidence suggests that bilingualism may contribute to building cognitive reserve but controversies still remain. This paper provides evidence of the so-called “bilingual advantage” by focusing on neural and cognitive reserve. Specifically, we shall discuss (a) the rationale underlying the idea that bilingualism might provide a cognitive advantage particularly in agingand (b) the evidence for two types of reserve associated with bilingualism, namely neural and cognitive reserve. In particular, we will focus on evidence from recent functional neuroimaging studies on elderly bilinguals carried out by our research group and others.
Retrospective analysis of biochemical profile of dengue infection in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Narasimhan Denesh , Katragadda Silpita
Published: November 2017

Background: Dengue is an exceedingly common infection of the tropics. The aim of the research to study the biochemical parameters of serologically proven dengue cases.Methods: The study included Dengue patients admitted in PSG Hospital between January 2011and December 2012.Results: Analysis of aspartate aminotransferase results showed that 19.1% had two-fold rise, 13.3% had three-fold rise and 19.6% had more than threefold rise. Analysis of alanine aminotransferase showed that 35.7% had normal values, 14.95% had two-fold rise, 11.1% had three-fold rise and 11.5% had more than threefold rise. Serum proteins were normal in 35.7% and low in 19.6%. Analysis of serum albumin showed low values in 10.6% Serum sodium levels were low in 11.1% of patients. Albuminuria was positive in 53% of patients. Serum ionised calcium levels were low in 26.8% of patients.Conclusions: The biochemical abnormalities noted in our study included include elevated liver enzymes, low sodium and ionised calcium levels, hypoalbuminemia and increased urine albumin excretion.
Drogadição na Adolescência: Família como Fator de Risco ou Proteção
Authors: Zappe Jana Gonçalves , Dapper Fabiana
Published: November 2017

O uso de drogas na adolescência é um problema complexo e multifatorial que sofre influência de aspectos individuais, familiares, do grupo de pares e contextuais. A família tem sido um aspecto destacado na literatura, tanto pela importância em oferecer condições para um desenvolvimento saudável na adolescência quanto pela necessidade de participar de intervenções visando à superação de dificuldades. Este trabalho apresenta uma revisão sistemática de estudos que investigaram as relações entre o uso de drogas na adolescência e aspectos familiares. Foram consultadas duas bases de dados – Scielo e Redalyc– com as palavras de busca adolescência, drogadição e família. Foram selecionados 22 artigos, que foram analisados através de distribuições de frequência e análise de conteúdo. Os resultados indicaram que a família tem sido considerada como fator de risco ou de proteção para o uso de drogas na adolescência, conforme o modo como desempenha seu papel. Aspectos como o diálogo, o monitoramento familiar e o uso de drogas por amigos ou familiares são aspectos destacados na literatura. Em conclusão, salienta-se a importância da participação da família em intervenções de prevenção ou enfrentamento ao uso de drogas na adolescência.
Гібридний підхід до визначення оптимальної періодичності технічного обслуговування авіаційної техніки
Authors: Goncharenko Andriy
Published: November 2017

Мета: Метою даної роботи є дослідити можливість визначення об’єктивно існуючої оптимальної періодичності технічного обслуговування авіаційної техніки іншим від повністю ймовірнісних методів шляхом. У даній статті міститься науково доведене пояснення для оптимізації вищезгаданої періодичності за допомогою розподілів спеціально введених гібридних функцій опціонно-ймовірнісного підходу. Методи дослідження: Описаний підхід пропонує скомбінувати ймовірнісний метод, залучений до визначення функцій ефективності, із подальшим складанням варіаційно-опціонного функціоналу, а також розглядати функціонування системи авіаційної техніки, із можливими поступовими відмовами та відновленнями з ушкодженого до працездатного стану, на основі багатоопційності. Результати: Це дозволяє отримати бажані оптимальні періодичності оминаючи визначення ймовірностей відповідних станів та їхню подальшу екстремізацію. Опціоні об’єктивні функції ефективності у такому разі – це корені характеристичного рівняння системи диференційних рівнянь Ерланга ймовірностей відповідних станів, що відповідає множині експлуатаційних опцій, яка розглядається. Обговорення: Поворотні пункти тут є у методах, що дають описані результати. Дані методи є також застосовуваними до коренів параметру матриці перетворень Лапласа. Попередньо розглянутий випадок, обговорений у статті, що передувала, виявився частинним випадком представленого дослідження, що означає крок в узагальненні та еволюції ентропійних екстремізаційних принципів. Поведене комп’ютерне моделювання доводить, що означені корені є само-вимірними спеціальними гібридними опціонно-ймовірнісними функціями.
Прогнозування екологічного стану міської транспортної системи з використанням нейронних мереж
Authors: Lyamzin Andrey , Nikolaienko Iryna
Published: November 2017

Мета: Метою цієї роботи є розробка ефективної моделі оцінювання екологічного стану міської транспортної системи з використанням загальних принципів нейронних мереж. Методи дослідження: Запропонована модель основана на роботі двох нейронних мереж з урахуванням впливу щільності транспортного потоку та рівня транзитного потенціалу на урбанізовані райони. Результати: На основі синтезу загальних принципів теорії нечітких множин та нейронних мереж розроблено модель оцінки рівня екологічного стану міської транспортної системи. Дано графічне представлення моделі. Високий ступінь достовірності прогнозу забезпечується навіть при низьких швидкостях навчання і високій динаміці змін статистичних даних в умовах транзиту транспортних потоків міста. Висновки: Використання нечітких нейронних мереж забезпечує можливість встановлювати повну відповідність між математичним представленням процедури нечіткого висновку і структурою міської транспортної системи. Запропонована модель дозволяє сформулювати чіткі екологічні орієнтири при прийнятті рішень в області транзитних перевезень з урахуванням інтересів підприємств, транспорту і населення міста, з подальшим перерозподілом транспортних потоків в тимчасовому і географічному просторі промислових районів міста.
Cучасні тенденції зміни клімату, водних ресурсів та екосистем у середньо-нижній частині річки Південний Буг, Україна
Authors: Boychenko Svitlana , Movchan Yaroslav , Tyshchenko Oksana
Published: November 2017

Статтю присвячено аналізу особливостей змін клімату та водності в нижній частині басейну Південного Бугу, в регіоні розташування ЮУАЕС,  в другій половині ХХ ст. та на початку ХХІ ст.,  оцінці впливів від діяльності ЮУАЕС на мікрокліматичні умови, а також визначенню можливих загроз для біотичного різноманіття природних екосистем, які пов’язані зі змінами довкілля.
Psicologia e a despatologização da transexualidade
Authors: Da Silva Francisco André , Paiva Bezerra de Mello Ivana Suely
Published: November 2017

A transexualidade é um fenômeno complexo e universal, ocorrendo em várias épocas e lugares diferentes na história da civilização. Na atualidade é definida como o desejo persistente de viver e ser aceito como uma pessoa do sexo oposto. Esses indivíduos podem apresentar desconforto psicológico por causa de seu sexo biológico e almejam submeter-se a cirurgias ou tratamentos hormonais para redefinirem seus corpos. O objetivo geral deste estudo foi conhecer as opiniões dos psicólogos sobre o processo de despatologização da transexualidade. A mesma foi realizada através de uma pesquisa de campo, descritiva, de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa com amostra composta por nove psicólogos clínicos de três abordagens distintas: psicanálise, cognitivo-comportamental e humanista-existencial, com mais de 10 anos de atuação. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos foram utilizados dois instrumentos: 1) questionário sócio demográfico. 2) entrevista semi-estruturada elaborado especificamente para este trabalho. Os dados coletados pelas entrevistas foram analisados pela técnica de Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Os resultados apontaram que todos os entrevistados são favoráveis ao processo de despatologização dessas identidades. Todavia, esses profissionais compreendem a experiência transexual de três formas diferentes: cientifica, vitimizadora e senso comum. Apenas uma psicóloga entrevistada atendeu transgêneros. No entanto, expressaram preparação técnica ou disponibilidade para o acompanhamento psicológico dessa população. E sobre as propostas para despatologização emitiram uma sugestão clínica e outra sociocultural. Conclui-se que o conhecimento sobre a transexualidade está em construção, devido aos entrevistados ainda confundirem os conceitos de orientação sexual e identidade de gênero.
Autocuidado e vivências do envelhecer de cuidadores familiares de idosos: contribuições para enfermagem gerontológica
Authors: Nicolato Fernanda Vieira , Santos Camila Medeiros , Castro Edna Aparecida Barbosa
Published: November 2017

Objetivou-se compreender autocuidado no processo de envelhecer de familiares que cuidam de idosos no domicílio. Pesquisa qualitativa do tipo exploratória. Participaram das entrevistas cinco familiares de idosos atendidos nas consultas de enfermagem de um ambulatório de Geriatria e Gerontologia. Utilizou-se análise de conteúdo que resultou em duas categorias: O envelhecimento do cuidador familiar de um idoso e a realização de seu autocuidado; O reflexo do cuidar de idosos por um familiar em processo de envelhecimento. Compreendeu-se que, além da tensão do papel de cuidador, o familiar convive com problemas secundários ao próprio envelhecimento, por vezes associados a agravos crônicos. A condição de ter que cuidar associada a esses agravos, influencia na dinâmica da vida do cuidador familiar. Os familiares compreendem quais são os requisitos universais de autocuidado, mas não conseguem exercê-los, pois priorizam o “ter que cuidar” do idoso sob sua responsabilidade. O estudo contribui para o processo de cuidar de famílias de idosos pelo enfermeiro, entretanto apresenta limitações quanto ao quantitativo da população, o que aponta para necessidade de novas investigações com aprofundamento nos custos sociais e financeiros que envolvam o processo de cuidar pela família de idosos no domicílio.
Assistência a população LGBT em uma capital brasileira: o que dizem os Agentes Comunitários de Saúde?
Authors: Guimarães Rita de Cássia Passos , Cavadinha Edu Trute , Mendonça Ana Valéria Machado , Sousa Maria Fátima
Published: November 2017

O objetivo deste estudo é compreender a percepção dos Agentes Comunitários em Unidades Básicas de Saúde quanto ao atendimento integral da população LGBT. O método utilizado para analisar as entrevistas foi o Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Três discursos foram construídos relacionados a três ancoragens distintas que demonstram os seguintes resultados: 1. Minimização do problema, negação do preconceito e compreensão de barreiras como causadas pela própria população LGBT; 2. Negação da existência de barreiras ao acesso e qualidade; e 3. Reconhecimento da existência de preconceitos que funcionam como barreiras e da necessidade de melhor capacitação das equipes. A partir destes resultados foi possível inferir a negação do sexismo e das barreiras simbólicas, incompreensão do sentido de equidade, e o preconceito encarnado nas subjetividades destes profissionais, de forma semelhante ao que já foi encontrado em outros estudos envolvendo preconceitos e saúde, tais como de racismo institucional. No entanto, percebe-se também profissionais sensibilizados para a questão do respeito à diversidade e receptivos a processos formadores para melhor oferta de cuidado integral a população LGBT.
Experimental Study Improves Prediction of PVT Behavior of Completion Brines
Authors: Foxenberg William , Zamora Mario , Slater Ken , Troncoso John
Published: November 2017

Density profiles of brines and other well fluids are critical to determining true downhole static pressures during completion, workover, and testing operations. Low-temperature conditions in deepwater applications and elevated temperatures and pressures in high-temperature/high-pressure (HTHP) wells, in particular, can distort predictions if pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) characteristics are not properly considered. The simple, yet useful, PVT method widely used in the industry for heavy completion brines typically works well; however, non-linear behavior diminishes accuracy for lower-salinity brines. In addition, the current industry database is relatively small and does not cover the glycol blended fluids used for thermodynamic hydrate protection in deepwater wells.

Presented in this paper are new PVT measurements made on a range of selected completion brines with nominal densities from 8.345 to 14.4 lbm/gal. Also included is an improved model that addresses non-linear behavior and permits more accurate determination of density profiles under downhole conditions.

Test fluids include deionized water, seawater, calcium chloride, sodium chloride, calcium bromide, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and fresh-water/glycol mixtures. Tests were conducted using a commercial HTHP pycnometer at pressures to 30,000 psig and temperatures from 35°F to 500°F. Regression analyses generated a polynomial equation that provides excellent fits over the wide range of fluids and test conditions, including those exhibiting non-linearity. The complete list of correlation coefficients for the test fluids is included. The new model also is suitable for base oils and synthetics.
Appraising Carbon Geological-Storage Potential in Unconventional Reservoirs: Engineering-Parameters Analysis
Authors: Chen Zhiming , Liao Xinwei , Zhao Xiaoliang , Li Xiaojiang
Published: November 2017

Most of the work focuses on the influences of reservoir parameters on carbon-storage capacity in depleted shales, and it is very useful for selecting good candidates as repositories. Undoubtedly, the engineering parameters in shales are also very important for carbon sequestration. However, little work has discussed their impacts on carbon dioxide (CO2) storing. To improve this situation, the objective of this work is to estimate the carbon-sequestration capacity under different engineering parameters.

On the basis of a trilinear flow model, this paper studies the impacts of engineering parameters on carbon-storage potential. First, the methodology of appraising carbon-sequestration potential is introduced: (1) introducing the conceptual model, (2) developing the mathematical model, (3) obtaining the wellbore-pressure solution, (4) determining the injection time, and (5) appraising the carbon-sequestration capacity. In the conceptual model, the shale formation is divided into two subsystems and three regions: matrix subsystem, natural-fracture subsystem, hydraulic-fracture (HF) region, inner region, and outer region. With basic equations, a mathematical model is developed in these subsystems and regions. After that, on the basis of the mathematical model, CO2 storage potential in abandoned shales is investigated at different values of fracture conductivity, fracture number, fracture length, inner permeability, and wellbore length.

Although much effort has been taken to estimate the carbon-sequestration potential, little work has considered the engineering parameters. This paper innovatively estimates the carbon-sequestration capacity under different engineering parameters, which provides a guideline to selecting wells and monitoring facilities for storing CO2 in the residual-depleted shale reservoirs.
Assessing sustainability of community managed NGOs’ WASH interventions in rural Zimbabwe: the case of Chivi district in Masvingo province
Authors: Madziyauswa Victor
Published: November 2017

Availability and accessibility to water and good sanitation add considerably towards improving human lives and in the development of every country. In a number of instances, central governments have been unable to meet the requirements and needs of their respective citizens in totality, mainly due to capacity constraints and other competing demands. This has seen non-government organizations (NGOs) inspired to provide communities with those services. Concern has been raised about sustainability of community managed NGOs’ services in rural areas of Zimbabwe. This study assesses sustainability of community managed NGOs’ rural WASH services with a view to producing recommendations on how sustainability of NGOs’ services might be enhanced by working with other stakeholders. The study's major finding was that NGOs’ services in rural areas lack a clear mechanism of enhancing continuity. Forty-five households, three water point committees, two schools and one clinic from three wards were interviewed. Respondents were chosen using purposive sampling techniques from ward 18, 19 and 20. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the use of an interview guide. The study recommends the need for government to prioritize the rural WASH sector in resource allocation. This will ensure that infrastructure maintenance and repairs are implemented in conjunction with involved communities.
Brackish water desalination using electrodialysis: predictive mass transfer and concentration distribution model along the electrodialyzer
Authors: Ghorbani Azadeh , Ghassemi Abbas
Published: November 2017

This study employs theory and experimental data from a laboratory-scale electrodialyzer to predict sodium chloride (NaCl) mass transport and concentration distribution along the electrodialyzer as a function of feed concentration, feed flow rate, applied voltage, and pressure. Moreover, a model was developed to predict the ion removal as a function of driving forces through solving the complete Navier–Stokes, continuity, and steady state Nernst–Planck equations by the finite difference numerical method. The findings of the experiments confirmed that concentration distributions are nonlinear along both the dilute and concentrate compartments. The results also demonstrated that increases in pressure and feed flow rate have a negative effect on salt removal, linear and nonlinear for pressure and flow rate, respectively. In the investigated ranges, higher voltage increased salt removal at a constant feed concentration.
Adsorption of Methylene blue and Rhodamine B by using biochar derived from Pongamia glabra seed cover
Authors: Bordoloi Neonjyoti , Dey Manash Deep , Mukhopadhyay Rupak , Kataki Rupam
Published: November 2017

Biochar obtained through the pyrolysis of Pongamia glabra seed cover (PGSC) at 550 °C with a heating rate of 40 °C/min was characterized and its ability to adsorb the dyes Methylene blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (RB) from aqueous solutions was investigated. The effect of pH, temperature and initial concentration of the dyes on adsorption behavior were investigated. The equilibrium sorption data were analyzed by using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D-R) isotherms. Equilibrium data were well fitted for D-R isotherm in case of MB and Langmuir isotherm in case of RB dyes. The kinetics of dye adsorption on PGSC biochar was well described by applying pseudo-second-order rate equations. The surface of adsorbent before and after the removal of dyes was characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The study suggested that PGSC biochar could be used as a highly efficient adsorbent for the removal of synthetic dyes.